bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Salinity Gradient and Island Isolation on Fauna Composition and Structure of Aquatic Invertebrate Communities of the Shantar Islands (Khabarovsk Krai)
Authors: Novichkova Anna A. , Borisov Rostislav R. , Vorobjeva Lada V. , Palatov Dmitry M. , Chertoprud Mikhail V. , Chertoprud Elena S.
Published: December 2023

The present study is the first structured attempt to analyze the species composition and distribution of freshwater invertebrates in the lakes, streams, and rivers of the Shantar Islands and to compare the diversity of the hydrobiont fauna of the archipelago and the continental part of Khabarovsk Krai on the basis of the original and literature data. The research revealed 57 zooplanktonic, 47 meiobenthic, and 142 macrobenthic taxa in the waters of the island and the adjacent continental areas. Different patterns of variability in the species richness, abundance, and the community structure are observed for different groups of hydrobionts along the salinity gradient in the unique, brackish Lake Bolshoe. Zooplankton show no directional variability, reaching a maximum in a frontal zone where riverine and brackish water mix. Meiobenthos show the highest diversity in the most saline zone of the lake, where marine species are abundant. The characteristics of the macrozoobenthos gradually increase with the salinity of the lake, with a dramatic change in the dominance structure at the critical salinity threshold, where amphibiotic insects, dominant in the desalinated water zone, are replaced by amphipods. Latitudinal variability in species richness and biogeographic structure of the fauna are closely related for different groups of freshwater invertebrates. A smooth decline in species richness from southern to northern areas was observed when comparing the faunas of the Shantar water bodies with those located to the south. This trend is shown for amphibiotic insects and microcrustaceans and is most pronounced for mollusks. The fauna of the Shantar Islands is predominantly represented by species with a wide Palaearctic, Holarctic, and cosmopolitan range, with a small proportion of species restricted to the Arctic zone of Eurasia or specific to Eastern Siberia and the Far East. Only three brackish water species have a Beringian type of distribution. The assemblage structures of the zooplankton and meiobenthos communities of continental coastal and island lakes do not greatly differ. On the contrary, brackish communities are clearly distinct from the others. The taxonomic composition of macroinvertebrates differed significantly between the islands and the mainland.
RETRACTED: Luo et al. Evaluating the Carrying Capacity and Spatial Pattern Matching of Urban and Rural Construction Land in a Representative City of Middle China. Forests 2022, 13, 1514
Authors: Luo Zhijun , Yuan Yuan , Qi Song , Xu Jin
Published: December 2023

The journal retracts the article ‘Evaluating the Carrying Capacity and Spatial Pattern Matching of Urban and Rural Construction Land in a Representative City of Middle China’ [...]
Infestation by Ips amitinus (Eichhoff, 1872), Its Associated Fungi, and Butt Rots in Stands of Pinus sibirica in South-Western Siberia
Authors: Pavlov Igor N. , Vasaitis Rimvydas , Litovka Yulia A. , Timofeev Anton A. , Menkis Audrius
Published: December 2023

In 2019, the bark beetle Ips amitinus (native to central Europe) was identified in south-western Siberia at a distance exceeding 2500 km east of its previously known easternmost location in the European part of Russia. In Siberia, its invasive populations are characterised by high abundance and harmfulness. Here, I. amitinus accomplishes primary attacks on standing vital trees of Pinus sibirica with a lethal outcome. This invasion has already resulted in massive dieback in stands of pine over a large geographic territory. By, 2021, the invaded area was estimated to cover at least 31,200 km2. The objectives of this study were to investigate fungi associated with/vectored by I. amitinus in its invasive area in south-western Siberia and wood decay fungi that cause root and butt rots to P. sibirica. This led to the following conclusions: (i) DNA analysis of sixty adult beetles of Ips amitinus collected from P. sibirica in south-west Siberia revealed the presence of 143 fungal taxa; (ii) species richness was significantly higher in beetles collected from dead branches than from (more recently infested) dying branches; (iii) fungal communities were >90% dominated by yeasts, among which the most common were Nakazawaea holstii, Kuraishia molischiana, and N. ambrosiae; (iv) entomopathogenic Beauveria bassiana s.l. was the most common fungus isolated from dead/mycosed beetles of I. amitinus, followed by Lophium arboricola and four Ophiostoma spp.; and (v) Heterobasidion parviporum was the most common decay fungus detected, which was causing heart rot in stems of P. sibirica.
Spatial Discretization for Stochastic Semilinear Superdiffusion Driven by Fractionally Integrated Multiplicative Space–Time White Noise
Authors: Hoult James A. , Yan Yubin
Published: December 2023

We investigate the spatial discretization of a stochastic semilinear superdiffusion problem driven by fractionally integrated multiplicative space–time white noise. The white noise is characterized by its properties of being white in both space and time, and the time fractional derivative is considered in the Caputo sense with an order α∈ (1, 2). A spatial discretization scheme is introduced by approximating the space–time white noise with the Euler method in the spatial direction and approximating the second-order space derivative with the central difference scheme. By using the Green functions, we obtain both exact and approximate solutions for the proposed problem. The regularities of both the exact and approximate solutions are studied, and the optimal error estimates that depend on the smoothness of the initial values are established.
Helium: Sources, Applications, Supply, and Demand
Authors: Serra Leal Juan Sebastian , Incer-Valverde Jimena , Morosuk Tatiana
Published: December 2023

Helium is an inert gas with no color or odor [...]
Triploid Hybrids of 2x Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) by 2x Black Highbush Blueberry (V. fuscatum) and 2x Elliott’s Blueberry (V. elliottii) as Evidence of a Genome Balance Requirement for Hybridization Success
Authors: Ehlenfeldt Mark , Luteyn James L. , de la Torre Fernando , Zalapa Juan
Published: December 2023

Hybridizations were made between a 2x V. vitis-idaea (sect. Vitis-idaea, lingonberry) and 2x V. fuscatum (sect. Cyanococcus, Black Highbush Blueberry) as part of a project aimed at understanding the crossability and compatibility of these but specifically aimed at assessing the possibilities for improvement and utilization of lingonberry. The crosses succeeded at a low level, and six hybrids were produced and genetically verified. When tested for ploidy level, five of the six hybrids were found to be triploids and one was found to be a tetraploid. Hybrids were intermediate in morphology and only fertile at very low levels, largely due to their triploid nature. Several of these hybrids produced progeny when used as females and pollinated with 6x V. virgatum-derived males, indicating viable unreduced 2n ovules. Similar crosses were made between lingonberry and 2x V. elliottii (sect. Cyanococcus, Elliott’s Blueberry). These crosses produced two genetically verified hybrids, which were also determined to be triploids. These hybrids were effectively sterile. The production of triploids from 2x × 2x crosses indicates that there is a natural selection for a reproductive genome balance of two V. vitis-idaea:one Cyanococcus. The success of secondary hybridizations with hexaploid materials suggests that the triploid hybrids may be used to advance the utilization and recombination of lingonberry germplasm.
CFD Simulations of Hydrogen Tank Fuelling: Sensitivity to Turbulence Model and Grid Resolution
Authors: Xie Hanguang , Makarov Dmitriy , Kashkarov Sergii , Molkov Vladimir
Published: December 2023

CFD modelling of compressed hydrogen fuelling provides information on the hydrogen and tank structure temperature dynamics required for onboard storage tank design and fuelling protocol development. This study compares five turbulence models to develop a strategy for cost-effective CFD simulations of hydrogen fuelling while maintaining a simulation accuracy acceptable for engineering analysis: RANS models k-ε and RSM; hybrid models SAS and DES; and LES model. Simulations were validated against the fuelling experiment of a Type IV 29 L tank available in the literature. For RANS with wall functions and blended models with near-wall treatment, the simulated average hydrogen temperatures deviated from the experiment by 1–3% with CFL ≈ 1–3 and dimensionless wall distance y+ ≈ 50–500 in the tank. To provide a similar simulation accuracy, the LES modelling approach with near-wall treatment requires mesh with wall distance y+ ≈ 2–10 and demonstrates the best-resolved flow field with larger velocity and temperature gradients. LES simulation on this mesh, however, implies a ca. 60 times longer CPU time compared to the RANS modelling approach and 9 times longer compared to the hybrid models due to the time step limit enforced by the CFL ≈ 1.0 criteria. In all cases, the simulated pressure histories and inlet mass flow rates have a difference within 1% while the average heat fluxes and maximum hydrogen temperature show a difference within 10%. Compared to LES, the k-ε model tends to underestimate and DES tends to overestimate the temperature gradient inside the tank. The results of RSM and SAS are close to those of LES albeit of 8–9 times faster simulations.
Measuring the Autistic Women’s Experience (AWE)
Authors: Groen Yvonne , Ebert W. Miro , Dittner Francien M. , Stapert Anne Fleur , Henning Daria , Greaves-Lord Kirstin , Davids R. C. D. (Lineke) , Castelein Stynke , Baron Cohen Simon , Allison Carrie , Van Balkom Ingrid D. C. , Piening Sigrid
Published: December 2023

We developed a Dutch questionnaire called the Autistic Women’s Experience (AWE) and compared its psychometric properties to the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Whilst attenuated gender differences on the AQ have been widely replicated, this instrument may not fully capture the unique experience of autistic women. The AWE was co-developed with autistic women to include items that reflect autistic women’s experience. We investigated the AWE (49 items) and compared it with the AQ (50 items) in Dutch autistic individuals (N = 153, n = 85 women) and in the general population (N = 489, n = 246 women) aged 16+. Both the AQ and AWE had excellent internal consistency and were highly and equally predictive of autism in both women and men. Whilst there was a gender difference on the AQ among non-autistic people (men > women), there was no gender difference among autistic people, confirming all earlier studies. No gender differences were detected on the AWE overall scale, yet subtle gender differences were observed on the subscales. We conclude that the AQ is valid for both genders, but the AWE provides an additional useful perspective on the characteristics of autistic women. The AWE needs further validation in independent samples using techniques that allow for testing gender biases, as well as a confirmatory factor analysis in a larger sample.
Frontiers of Molecular Biology of Cancer
Authors: Boussios Stergios , Sanchez Elisabet , Sheriff Matin
Published: December 2023

Cancer is rooted in genetic background, with the expression of oncogenesis playing a pivotal role in the early stages of tumor formation [...]
Evaluation of the Influence of Clinical History on the Occurrence of Dementia Using the Database of National Health Insurance in Japan
Authors: Tamaki Yoh , Hiratsuka Yoshimune , Kumakawa Toshiro
Published: December 2023

The global incidence of dementia has been rising for the past several years, posing significant health challenges regarding its management and prevention. Dementia is associated with a substantial burden on patients and their families. Therefore, effective, evidence-based preventive strategies are required for dementia. To achieve this, the predisposing factors for dementia and their relationship with other diseases need to be determined. Japan has a universal health insurance system and these data have been stored in their respective databases since 2008. Herein we explored the influence of clinical history on the occurrence of dementia based on data collected by the National Health Insurance in Japan and Municipal Care Certification Survey over the past 10 years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors from clinical history that affect the risk of dementia development. A significant odds ratio was observed for the development of dementia in 5-year data, involving the clinical history of osteoporosis, depression, internal carotid artery occlusion, schizophrenia, and Parkinson’s disease. In addition, a significant odds ratio was observed for the development of dementia in 10-year data, involving the clinical history of osteoporosis, cataracts, and schizophrenia.
Temperature and Wear Analysis of Adhesively Bonded and Soldered Cutting Tools for Woodcutting
Authors: Stribick Sascha , Pahmeyer Rebecca
Published: December 2023

Cutting tools undergo constant development to meet the demands of higher cutting speeds, difficult-to-cut materials and ecological considerations. One way to improve cutting tools involves transitioning from soldering to adhesive bonding in the manufacturing process. However, there is limited research comparing adhesively bonded tools with soldered tools in woodcutting applications. This paper presents a comparison between adhesively bonded and soldered tools in the cutting of medium-density fiberboards over a cutting distance of 1000 m. The results indicate that adhesively bonded tools are well-suited for machining medium-density fiberboards. Additionally, the cutting-edge radii exhibit a slower increase and the tool temperatures are higher compared to soldered tools. Future research could optimize the damping effect through the precise design of the bonding area. Additionally, investigating a cooling concept for the machining process could help minimize ageing effects.
Socio-Political Events and Music: Egyptian Songs Supporting ʿAbd Fattāḥ al-Sīsī
Authors: Wolny-Abouelwafa Edyta
Published: December 2023

This article presents the results of research conducted on Egyptian popular songs, categorized as patriotic and showing their writers’ support for ʿAbd Fattāḥ al-Sīsī. He was first a general, Minister of Defense and commander of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces. When protests occurred in Egypt in 2013, he remained the main actor on the political stage. Then, he became marshal, resigned from his army positions, became the candidate for presidency and finally became president of the Republic. The author of this article briefly describes what happened in Egypt in this short time (2011–2014), and answers the main research questions which concern the messages of the songs, discussing whether the messages changed from the beginning of these events to the moment when he became president of Egypt. She points out how the songs follow the political events, and presents the results of her own participant observations, including photos from when she was living in Egypt from the middle of June 2013 to October 2014. She introduces this phenomenon, how the country changed in a few months and how the culture (music/popular culture) was an important part of the country’s changes that influenced these song’s messages.
A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach for Crude Oil Price Prediction
Authors: Aldabagh Hind , Zheng Xianrong , Mukkamala Ravi
Published: December 2023

Crude oil is one of the world’s most important commodities. Its price can affect the global economy, as well as the economies of importing and exporting countries. As a result, forecasting the price of crude oil is essential for investors. However, crude oil price tends to fluctuate considerably during significant world events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical conflicts. In this paper, we propose a deep learning model for forecasting the crude oil price of one-step and multi-step ahead. The model extracts important features that impact crude oil prices and uses them to predict future prices. The prediction model combines convolutional neural networks (CNN) with long short-term memory networks (LSTM). We compared our one-step CNN–LSTM model with other LSTM models, the CNN model, support vector machine (SVM), and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Also, we compared our multi-step CNN–LSTM model with LSTM, CNN, and the time series encoder–decoder model. Extensive experiments were conducted using short-, medium-, and long-term price data of one, five, and ten years, respectively. In terms of accuracy, the proposed model outperformed existing models in both one-step and multi-step predictions.
The Effects of Corporate Financial Disclosure on Stock Prices: A Case Study of Korea’s Compulsory Preliminary Earnings Announcements
Authors: Yoo Sun-Keun , Chun Se-Hak
Published: December 2023

This paper examines the effects of Korea’s compulsory preliminary earnings announcements on stock prices using individual corporate financial disclosure data. Korea’s compulsory preliminary earnings announcements are similar to the US’s fair disclosures in that they are preliminary settlement disclosures. Disclosure regulation aims to prevent insider trading and resolve information asymmetry among investors by promptly disclosing unconfirmed internal settlement information prior to an external audit. The disclosure of such changes in profit or loss is generally expected to affect stock prices. Many studies have analyzed the relationship between accounting profit disclosure and stock prices, but most have focused on the relationship between net profit disclosure and stock price without considering other disclosure information such as sales and operating profit. In addition, previous studies analyzed the information effect of accounting profits based on annual reports, which are based on analysts’ predicted values and limited datasets. This study investigates the impact of Korea’s compulsory disclosure on stock prices through a multiple regression analysis, considering three types of accounting information, including sales, operating profit, and net profit, based on actual announcement data and daily trading volumes. The effect of corporate financial disclosure might vary with stock market type and industry sector. For this reason, we analyze the relationship between financial disclosure and stock prices for different stock market types and industry sectors. Results show that sales information affected KOSPI-listed companies’ stock prices, and operating profit information affected KOSDAQ-listed companies’ stock prices. In terms of financial market efficiency, the results show weak-form efficiency for both the KOSPI and KOSDAQ markets in general. However, this implies that there is still information asymmetry in sales information for the KOSPI, which consists of large and valued stocks and is not completely efficient, whereas information asymmetry might occur in operating profit information for the KOSDAQ, which consists of relatively small-to-medium innovative growing companies. In addition, results show that operating profits affect manufacturing industries’ stock prices, and that trading volumes significantly impact stock prices for all markets and industries.
Relationship between Thyroid CT Density, Volume, and Future TSH Elevation: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Kikuchi Tomohiro , Hanaoka Shouhei , Nakao Takahiro , Nomura Yukihiro , Yoshikawa Takeharu , Alam Md Ashraful , Mori Harushi , Hayashi Naoto
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to explore the relationship between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) elevation and the baseline computed tomography (CT) density and volume of the thyroid. We examined 86 cases with new-onset hypothyroidism (TSH > 4.5 IU/mL) and 1071 controls from a medical check-up database over 5 years. A deep learning-based thyroid segmentation method was used to assess CT density and volume. Statistical tests and logistic regression were employed to determine differences and odds ratios. Initially, the case group showed a higher CT density (89.8 vs. 81.7 Hounsfield units (HUs)) and smaller volume (13.0 vs. 15.3 mL) than those in the control group. For every +10 HU in CT density and −3 mL in volume, the odds of developing hypothyroidism increased by 1.40 and 1.35, respectively. Over the course of the study, the case group showed a notable CT density reduction (median: −8.9 HU), whereas the control group had a minor decrease (−2.9 HU). Thyroid volume remained relatively stable for both groups. Higher CT density and smaller thyroid volume at baseline are correlated with future TSH elevation. Over time, there was a substantial and minor decrease in CT density in the case and control groups, respectively. Thyroid volumes remained consistent in both cohorts.
Effects of Parcel Delivery Service on Customer Satisfaction in the Saudi Arabian Logistics Industry: Does the National Culture Make a Difference?
Authors: Sobaih Abu Elnasr E. , AlSaif Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Background: The logistics industry is keen to meet customer expectations, which in turn supports trade by enhancing business competitiveness and promoting economic development. Logistics companies realized that fulfillment of customer needs has a significant effect on their business survival, their sales and ultimately their profits. This research analyzes the variables that influence customer satisfaction with parcel delivery services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), particularly the SERVQUAL dimensions: tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The research also examined whether national culture affects customer perceptions of parcel delivery services in KSA or not. Methods: The research collected data using a self-administered survey, which was directed at a sample of customers in the KSA, who had recent experience with parcel delivery services. Results: The results of statistical analysis showed that the best predicators of customer satisfaction are reliability, followed by the dimensions of empathy, then tangibility and finally responsiveness. In addition, the results showed significant differences in customers’ overall satisfaction between Saudis and non-Saudis. Saudis were more satisfied with the service than non-Saudis were. Conclusions: This research showed the key role of national culture in perceiving parcel delivery service quality in KSA. The findings provide important messages to the administrators of the logistics services in KSA, which have become crucial for the Saudi Vision 2030. They need to customize their service according to customer needs and provide regular training for their staff to be supportive, reliable and have the credibility to deliver services as promised.
Preparation and Characteristics of High-Performance, Low-Density Metallo–Ceramics Composite
Authors: Abramovskis Vitalijs , Drunka Reinis , Csáki Štefan , Lukáč František , Veverka Jakub , Illkova Ksenia , Gavrilovs Pavels , Shishkin Andrei
Published: December 2023

By applying the physical vapour deposition method, hollow ceramic microspheres were coated with titanium, and subsequently, they were sintered using the spark plasma sintering technique to create a porous ceramic material that is lightweight and devoid of a matrix. The sintering process was carried out at temperatures ranging from 1050 to 1200 °C, with a holding time of 2 min. The samples were subjected to conventional thermal analyses (differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, dilatometry), oxidation resistance tests, and thermal diffusivity measurements. Phase analysis of the samples was performed using the XRD and the microstructure of the prepared specimens was examined using electron microscopy. The titanium coating on the microspheres increased the compressive strength and density of the resulting ceramic material as the sintering temperature increased. The morphology of the samples was carefully examined, and phase transitions were also identified during the analysis of the samples.
Solid-State Dewetting of Thin Au Films for Surface Functionalization of Biomedical Implants
Authors: Sharipova Aliya , Zlotver Ivan , Sosnik Alejandro , Rabkin Eugen
Published: December 2023

Biomaterial-centered infections of orthopedic implants remain a significant burden in the healthcare system due to sedentary lifestyles and an aging population. One approach to combat infections and improve implant osteointegration is functionalizing the implant surface with anti-infective and osteoinductive agents. In this framework, Au nanoparticles are produced on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V medical alloy by solid-state dewetting of 5 nm Au film and used as the substrate for the conjugation of a model antibiotic vancomycin via a mono-thiolated poly(ethylene glycol) linker. Produced Au nanoparticles on Ti-6Al-4V surface are equiaxed with a mean diameter 19.8 ± 7.2 nm, which is shown by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The conjugation of the antibiotic vancomycin, 18.8 ± 1.3 nm-thick film, is confirmed by high resolution-scanning transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Overall, showing a link between the solid-state dewetting process and surface functionalization, we demonstrate a novel, simple, and versatile method for functionalization of implant surfaces.
Simultaneous Immobilization of Heavy Metals in MKPC-Based Mortar—Experimental Assessment
Authors: Pavlík Zbyšek , Záleská Martina , Pavlíková Milena , Pivák Adam , Nábělková Jana , Jankovský Ondřej , Jiříčková Adéla , Chmel Oskar , Průša Filip
Published: December 2023

Heavy metal contamination, associated with the increase in industrial production and the development of the population in general, poses a significant risk in terms of the contamination of soil, water, and, consequently, industrial plants and human health. The presence of ecotoxic heavy metals (HMs) thus significantly limits the sustainable development of society and contributes to the deterioration of the quality of the environment as a whole. For this reason, the stabilization and immobilization of heavy metals is a very topical issue. This paper deals with the possibility of the simultaneous immobilization of heavy metals (Ba2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+) in mortar based on magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC). The structural, mechanical, and hygric parameters of mortars artificially contaminated with heavy metals in the form of salt solutions were investigated together with the formed hydration products. In the leachates of the prepared samples, the content of HMs was measured and the immobilization ratio of each HM was determined. The immobilization rate of all the investigated HMs was >98.7%, which gave information about the effectiveness of the MKPC-based matrix for HM stabilization. Furthermore, the content of HMs in the leachates was below the prescribed limits for non-hazardous waste that can be safely treated without any environmental risks. Although the presence of heavy metals led to a reduction in the strength of the prepared mortar (46.5% and 57.3% in compressive and flexural strength, respectively), its mechanical resistance remained high enough for many construction applications. Moreover, the low values of the parameters characterizing the water transport (water absorption coefficient Aw = 4.26 × 10−3 kg·m−2·s−1/2 and sorptivity S = 4.0 × 10−6 m·s−1/2) clearly demonstrate the limited possibility of the leaching of heavy metals from the MKPC matrix structure.
Three-Dimensional Printing of Multifunctional Composites: Fabrication, Applications, and Biodegradability Assessment
Authors: Anwajler Beata , Witek-Krowiak Anna
Published: December 2023

Additive manufacturing, with its wide range of printable materials, and ability to minimize material usage, reduce labor costs, and minimize waste, has sparked a growing enthusiasm among researchers for the production of advanced multifunctional composites. This review evaluates recent reports on polymer composites used in 3D printing, and their printing techniques, with special emphasis on composites containing different types of additives (inorganic and biomass-derived) that support the structure of the prints. Possible applications for additive 3D printing have also been identified. The biodegradation potential of polymeric biocomposites was analyzed and possible pathways for testing in different environments (aqueous, soil, and compost) were identified, including different methods for evaluating the degree of degradation of samples. Guidelines for future research to ensure environmental safety were also identified.
Giant Cell Arteritis after COVID-19 Vaccination with Long-Term Follow-Up: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Yoshimoto Kiyomi , Kaneda Saori , Asada Moe , Taguchi Hiroyuki , Kawashima Hiromasa , Yoneima Ryo , Matsuoka Hidetoshi , Tsushima Emiko , Ono Shiro , Matsubara Masaki , Yada Noritaka , Nishio Kenji
Published: December 2023

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a chronic vasculitis that primarily affects the elderly, and can cause visual impairment, requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. The global impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been substantial. Although vaccination programs have been a key defense strategy, concerns have arisen regarding post-vaccination immune-mediated disorders and related risks. We present a case of GCA after COVID-19 vaccination with 2 years of follow-up. A 69-year-old woman experienced fever, headaches, and local muscle pain two days after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Elevated inflammatory markers were observed, and positron emission tomography (PET) revealed abnormal uptake in the major arteries, including the aorta and subclavian and iliac arteries. Temporal artery biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of GCA. Treatment consisted of pulse therapy with methylprednisolone, followed by prednisolone (PSL) and tocilizumab. Immediately after the initiation of treatment, the fever and headaches disappeared, and the inflammation markers normalized. The PSL dosage was gradually reduced, and one year later, a PET scan showed that the inflammation had resolved. After two years, the PSL dosage was reduced to 3 mg. Fourteen reported cases of GCA after COVID-19 vaccination was reviewed to reveal a diverse clinical picture and treatment response. The time from onset of symptoms to GCA diagnosis varied from two weeks to four months, highlighting the challenge of early detection. The effectiveness of treatment varied, but was generally effective similarly to that of conventional GCA. This report emphasizes the need for clinical vigilance and encourages further data collection in post-vaccination GCA cases.
Neuropsychological Consequences of Massive Trauma: Implications and Clinical Interventions
Authors: Theodoratou Maria , Kougioumtzis Georgios A. , Yotsidi Vasiliki , Sofologi Maria , Katsarou Dimitra , Megari Kalliopi
Published: December 2023

Traumatic events, especially massive trauma resulting from catastrophic incidents, wars, or severe abuse can elicit significant neuropsychological alterations, with profound implications for cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning. This mini-review delineates the primary neural changes post-trauma and underscores the importance of timely neuropsychological and clinical interventions. Specific brain regions, including the amygdala and prefrontal cortex, undergo physiological changes that can lead to memory impairments, attention deficits, and emotional disturbances. PTSD, a commonly diagnosed condition post-trauma, exemplifies the intricate relationship between trauma and memory processing. Furthermore, the concept of neuroplasticity, the brain’s inherent ability to adapt and rewire, offers hope for recovery. Current clinical interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness practices, and biofeedback, leverage this neuroplastic potential to foster healing. The review underscores the vital importance of early intervention to mitigate long-term neuropsychological impacts, emphasizing the role of timely and targeted clinical interventions. The synthesis of this knowledge is crucial for clinicians, allowing for informed therapeutic approaches that holistically address both the physiological and psychological dimensions of trauma.
Dynamic Evaluation Approaches to Telehealth Technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Telemedicine Applications in Healthcare and Biotechnology Organizations
Authors: Burrell Darrell Norman
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has ushered in an unprecedented adoption and integration of telehealth and artificial intelligence (AI) driven by telemedicine technologies into healthcare systems worldwide. These innovations promise to revolutionize healthcare delivery by offering greater accessibility, efficiency, and responsiveness to patient needs. However, the rapid deployment of these technologies in response to the crisis has illuminated the imperative need for systematic evaluation processes that comprehensively assess their operations and outcomes. This article underscores the critical importance of developing rigorous evaluation frameworks tailored to the evolving landscape of telehealth and AI-driven telemedicine technologies. The absence of standardized evaluation processes presents multifaceted challenges including uncertainties regarding long-term efficacy, patient safety, data security, and ethical considerations. Ensuring the responsible and effective integration of telehealth and AI into healthcare systems requires adaptable, multidimensional evaluation mechanisms that align with clinical objectives and regulatory standards. Through an examination of documents, procedures, policies, and best practices by regional hospitals, this article advocates for developing evaluation processes that enable stakeholders to optimize the deployment of telehealth and AI technologies fostering patient-centered care while addressing emerging challenges. In an era marked by healthcare transformation, establishing robust evaluation frameworks emerges as a paramount endeavor essential for realizing the full potential of telehealth and AI-driven telemedicine in the post-COVID-19 healthcare ecosystem.
Ultrasonic-Vibration-Assisted Waterjet Drilling of [0/45/−45/90]2s Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Laminates
Authors: Liao Yinghao , Liu Xin , Zhao Changxi , Wang Bing , Zheng Liyan , Hao Xiaoming , Yao Longxu , Wang Dian
Published: December 2023

The pure waterjet (WJ) drilling process of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates causes damage, such as tears and delamination, leading to poor-quality hole-wall. Ultrasonic-vibration-assisted technology can improve the quality of hole walls and repair such damage, particularly the delamination of CFRP laminates. In this study, we conducted a numerical and experimental investigation of a high-pressure pure WJ drilling process of CFRP laminates performed using ultrasonic vibration to improve the delamination phenomena of the pure WJ drilling process. An explicit dynamic model using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method was employed to simulate the ultrasonic-vibration-assisted WJ drilling of CFRP laminates and ascertain the optimal drilling performance. Thereafter, WJ drilling experiments were conducted to verify the numerical simulation. The results illustrate that the employment of ultrasonic vibration significantly increased the material removal rate by approximately 20%. Moreover, the water-wedging action that induces the propagation of delamination was weakened with an increase in the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration. The hole-wall quality was optimal with the following drilling parameters: amplitude, 10 μm; frequency, 20 kHz; and WJ velocity, 900 m/s. The delamination zone length was only 0.19 mm and was reduced by 85.6% compared with the values obtained using non-assisted WJ drilling.
Study of Modified Offset Trajectory for Bonnet Polishing Based on Lifting Bonnet Method
Authors: Sha Shujing , Ma Shaohang , Han Shanqiang , Pan Chenhao , Li Hang , Lin Jieqiong , Zhang Mingxing , Jiang Lulu
Published: December 2023

The inability to converge at the edge of a workpiece during polishing affects the edge profile accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece. In this study, a bias trajectory generation method based on the lifting bonnet method that can maintain the morphology of polished edges is presented. Firstly, by establishing the polishing parameters and the decreasing rule in line with the principles of the lifting bonnet method, we obtained the residual height spacing, the radius of the polishing area, the centre offset position, and the pressing depth for each offset trajectory. Subsequently, the modified bias trajectory algorithm correction coefficients were obtained by fitting the edge trajectories using cubic Bessel curves, which were multiplied with the bias amount to obtain the final modified bias trajectory. Finally, an experiment was designed to compare the edge effect of the modified bias trajectory with the traditional grating trajectory. The experimental findings indicate that the reduction in edge collapse following the implementation of the modified offset trajectory was 1.30 μm. In contrast, the edge collapse after polishing with the traditional grating trajectory amounted to 98.67 μm. Moreover, the edge collapse ensuing traditional polishing trajectory was 75.9 times more pronounced than that observed after using the modified offset trajectory. It is shown that the modified bias trajectory method can not only maintain the original edge morphology of the workpiece but can also promote the convergence of the edge effect to a certain extent.
Selective Adsorption of Gadolinium by Nitrogen-Doped Carboxymethylated Cellulose Nanocrystalline Carbon Aerogels Functionalized in the Ammonia–Urea System
Authors: Xu Tongtong , Zheng Xudong , Li Ang , Ji Biao
Published: December 2023

In this paper, an ammonia–urea system was developed to induce the shedding of carboxymethylcellulose carbon aerogels to form defects, and the specific surface area of the aerogels was significantly increased after carbonization, and the three-dimensional disordered pore structure of cellulose was preserved. The material showed the selective adsorption of gadolinium ions using the carboxylate active sites provided by carboxymethylation and the microporous or mesoporous structures formed after carbon burning. The successful synthesis of the material was demonstrated by relevant characterization, and the results of static adsorption experiments showed that the material was more consistent with the quasi second-order kinetic model at pH = 5.0. The maximum adsorption capacity was 99.65 mg g−1. The material showed a high adsorption capacity for gadolinium ions in the presence of competing ions and maintained 84.07% of the adsorption performance after five adsorption cycles. The simple use of urea ensured that the cellulose maintained its pore structure, and the specific surface area was greatly increased after carbonization, which provided a feasible direction for the industrial adsorption and recycling of rare-earth elements for reuse.
Increased Susceptibility to Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus and Reduced Latency in TRPC1/4 Double Knockout Mice
Authors: Zheng Fang , Phelan Kevin D. , Shwe U Thaung
Published: December 2023

Canonical transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) are a family of calcium-permeable cation channels. Previous studies have shown that heteromeric channels comprising TRPC1 and TRPC4 mediate epileptiform bursting in lateral septal neurons and hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, suggesting that TRPC1/4 channels play a pro-seizure role. In this study, we utilized electroencephalography (EEG) recording and spectral analysis to assess the role of TRPC1/4 channels in the pilocarpine model of status epilepticus (SE). We found that, surprisingly, TRPC1/4 double knockout (DKO) mice exhibited an increased susceptibility to pilocarpine-induced SE. Furthermore, SE latency was also significantly reduced in TRPC1/4 DKO mice. Further studies are needed to reveal the underlying mechanisms of our unexpected results.
A Predictive Tool Based on DNA Methylation Data for Personalized Weight Loss through Different Dietary Strategies: A Pilot Study
Authors: García-Álvarez Nereyda , Riezu-Boj José , Martínez J. , García-Calzón Sonia , Milagro Fermín
Published: December 2023

Background and aims: Obesity is a public health problem. The usual treatment is a reduction in calorie intake and an increase in energy expenditure, but not all individuals respond equally to these treatments. Epigenetics could be a factor that contributes to this heterogeneity. The aim of this research was to determine the association between DNA methylation at baseline and the percentage of BMI loss (%BMIL) after two dietary interventions, in order to design a prediction model to evaluate %BMIL based on methylation data. Methods and Results: Spanish participants with overweight or obesity (n = 306) were randomly assigned to two lifestyle interventions with hypocaloric diets: one moderately high in protein (MHP) and the other low in fat (LF) for 4 months (Obekit study; ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02737267). Basal DNA methylation was analyzed in white blood cells using the Infinium MethylationEPIC array. After identifying those methylation sites associated with %BMIL (p < 0.05 and SD > 0.1), two weighted methylation sub-scores were constructed for each diet: 15 CpGs were used for the MHP diet and 11 CpGs for the LF diet. Afterwards, a total methylation score was made by subtracting the previous sub-scores. These data were used to design a prediction model for %BMIL through a linear mixed effect model with the interaction between diet and total score. Conclusion: Overall, DNA methylation predicts the %BMIL of two 4-month hypocaloric diets and was able to determine which type of diet is the most appropriate for each individual. The results of this pioneer study confirm that epigenetic biomarkers may be further used for precision nutrition and the design of personalized dietary strategies against obesity.
Association between Incidence of Prescriptions for Alzheimer’s Disease and Beta-Adrenoceptor Antagonists: A Prescription Sequence Symmetry Analysis
Authors: Alghamdi Ali , Bijlsma Maarten J. , de Vos Stijn , Schuiling-Veninga Catharina C.M. , Bos Jens H. J. , Hak Eelko
Published: December 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, with a growing number of patients worldwide. The association between AD and treatment with drugs targeting the beta-adrenergic receptor is controversial. The aim of this study is to assess the association between the initiation of AD medication and beta-adrenoceptor antagonists (beta-blockers) in adults. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prescription sequence symmetry analysis using the University of Groningen IADB.nl prescription database. We determined the order of the first prescription for treating AD and the first prescription for beta-blockers, with the dispensing date of the first prescription for AD defined as the index date. Participants were adults over 45 years old starting any AD medication and beta-blockers within two years. We calculated adjusted sequence ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Results: We identified 510 users of both AD and beta-blockers, and 145 participants were eligible. The results were compatible with either a significant decrease in the incidence of AD after using beta-blockers (adjusted sequence ratio (aSR) = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.35–0.72) or, conversely, an increase in beta-blockers after AD medication (aSR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.61–2.30). Conclusions: There is a relationship between the use of beta-blockers and AD medications. Further research is needed with larger populations to determine whether drug therapy for AD increases the risk of hypertension or whether beta-blockers have potential protective properties against AD development.
The Fourfold Environmental Protection Initiative of Dharma Drum Mountain
Authors: Shiu Henry C. H.
Published: December 2023

This article explores the unique environmental ethos advocated by Dharma Drum Mountain (DDM), an international Buddhist spiritual, cultural, and education foundation founded by the late Chan Master Sheng Yen. It presents a critical reflection on orthodox models of Western environmental ethics and illuminates the constraints of mainstream critical approaches when confronted with the intricate ecological philosophies embedded in Buddhist traditions. Central to the DDM’s model is the profound interweaving of spiritual cultivation with environmental consciousness, a stance that fosters a multidimensional dialogue that engages various ecological narratives. This approach not only resonates with aspects of Western environmental thought but is also firmly grounded in a distinct philosophical tradition that emphasizes spiritual growth as integral to genuine ecological engagement. In this article, it is argued that DDM’s holistic initiatives necessitate an expanded, diversified environmental discourse that accommodates a spectrum of cultural and philosophical insights. Consequently, this examination serves a dual purpose: it provides an insight into DDM’s environmental philosophy, and it can stimulate a paradigm shift while urging consideration beyond conventional boundaries and advocating for a spiritually inclusive approach to environmental awareness and preservation.
Correction: Arday, Jason (2018). Understanding Mental Health: What Are the Issues for Black and Ethnic Minority Students at University? Social Sciences 7: 196
Authors: Arday Jason
Published: December 2023

The publication (Arday 2018) has been amended to increase the clarity of citation sources within the text [...]
Validation of Instruments for the Improvement of Interprofessional Education through Educational Management: An Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Mohamed Mustafa , Altinay Fahriye , Altinay Zehra , Dagli Gokmen , Altinay Mehmet , Soykurt Mutlu
Published: December 2023

Educational management is the combination of human and material resources that supervises, plans, and responsibly executes an educational system with outcomes and consequences. However, when seeking improvements in interprofessional education and collaborative practice through the management of health professions, educational modules face significant obstacles and challenges. The primary goal of this study was to analyse data collected from discussion sessions and feedback from respondents concerning interprofessional education (IPE) management modules. Thus, this study used an explanatory and descriptive design to obtain responses from the selected group via a self-administered questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, and the results were limited to averages, i.e., frequency distributions and summary statistics. The results of this study reflect the positive responses from both subgroups and strongly support the further implementation of IPE in various aspects and continuing to improve and develop it. Four different artificial intelligence (AI) techniques were used to model interprofessional education improvement through educational management, using 20 questions from the questionnaire as the variables (19 input variables and 1 output variable). The modelling performance of the nonlinear and linear models could reliably predict the output in both the calibration and validation phases when considering the four performance metrics. These models were shown to be reliable tools for evaluating and modelling interprofessional education through educational management. Gaussian process regression (GPR) outperformed all the models in both the training and validation stages.