bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Fractional Derivative Without Singular and Local Kernel to Enhanced Heat Transfer in CNTs Nanofluid Over an Inclined Plate
Authors: Saqib Muhammad , Mohd Kasim Abdul Rahman , Mohammad Nurul Farahain , Chuan Ching Dennis Ling , Shafie Sharidan
Published: April 2020

Nanofluids are a novel class of heat transfer fluid that plays a vital role in industries. In mathematical investigations, these fluids are modeled in terms of traditional integer-order partial differential equations (PDEs). It is recognized that traditional PDEs cannot decode the complex behavior of physical flow parameters and memory effects. Therefore, this article intends to study the mixed convection heat transfer in nanofluid over an inclined vertical plate via fractional derivatives approach. The problem in hand is modeled in connection with Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivatives without singular and local kernel having strong memory. The human blood is considered as base fluid dispersing carbon nanotube (CNTs) (single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs )) into it to form blood-CNTs nanofluid. The nanofluids are considered to flow in a saturated porous medium under the influence of an applied magnetic field. The exact analytical expressions for velocity and temperature profiles are acquired using the Laplace transform technique and plotted in various graphs. The empirical results indicate that the memory effect decreases with increasing fractional parameters in the case of both temperature and velocity profiles. Moreover, the temperature profile is higher for blood-SWCNTs by reason of higher thermal conductivity whereas, this trend is opposite in case of velocity profile due densities difference.
A record of dust deposition in northern, mid-latitude Pangaea during peak icehouse conditions of the late Paleozoic ice age
Authors: Oordt Andrew J. , Soreghan Gerilyn S. , Stemmerik Lars , Hinnov Linda A.
Published: April 2020

The Wordiekammen Formation, a carbonate ramp on Spitsbergen developed on the Northern Pangaean margin in Moscovian (Carboniferous) through Sakmarian (Permian) time at a paleolatitude of 30–35° N. The study site on the Nordfjorden High was isolated from any source of fluvio-deltaic input, such that detrital material that occurs in this system experienced eolian transport, thus forming a proxy for atmospheric dust loading. We analyzed two intervals, of Moscovian (10 m) and Asselian (27 m) age, at 20 cm resolution, and identified five mid-ramp subtidal facies organized in upwardly shallowing, high-frequency sequences 3–5 m thick. High-frequency sequence boundaries commonly exhibit signs of subaerial exposure (e.g., Microcodium) developed atop subtidal facies, recording glacioeustatic falls (glacial phases), although the Moscovian section has a severe karst overprint attributable to prolonged exposure on a paleohigh. Samples were processed to isolate the silicate-mineral fraction (SMF), which includes both detrital silicate material and authigenic silica mostly in the form of (fine-sand-size) doubly terminated quartz crystals. Detrital cores in these crystals, together with other evidence, indicate recrystallization from fine-grained (silt- and clay-size) dust.

Analysis of the dust record demonstrates that the Asselian (peak icehouse) had a significantly higher atmospheric dust load than the Moscovian (moderate icehouse). In the Asselian interval, dust input varies commensurate with glacial–interglacial cyclicity. Highest dust contents correspond to transgressive facies immediately above sequence boundaries, indicating peak atmospheric dust loading at lowstand to incipient interglacial times. Provenance data from detrital-zircon and whole-rock geochemistry indicate two distinct source regions for the dust. Dust from the Moscovian and lower Asselian intervals reflects a continental island-arc signature consistent with sourcing from the basement of northeast Greenland. Dust from the upper Asselian interval is more consistent with recycling from Devonian and Carboniferous strata of the east Greenland Caledonides, likely deflated from fluvial systems draining this orogenic system, indicating an expansion of regions of eolian deflation.
Geochemical Variability in Karst-Siliciclastic Aquifer Spring Discharge, Kaibab Plateau, Grand Canyon
Authors: Wood Alexander J. , Springer Abraham E. , Tobin Benjamin W.
Published: April 2020

The source area of groundwater for springs discharging from lithologically variably perched aquifers is essential to understand when establishing baseline aquifer characteristics. Stratigraphic data from hydrostratigraphic outcrops and geochemical data from springs were used to characterize the hydrogeology of a remote, data-poor aquifer. This study focuses on the hydrogeological variability within the shallow karst-siliciclastic Coconino (C) aquifer on the Kaibab Plateau, north of Grand Canyon National Park. Stratigraphic data were collected from 8 locations, and 22 C aquifer springs were sampled for 18 months. Stable isotope analyses indicate that groundwater is biased to winter recharge in the form of snow and shows similar isotopic signature for groundwater storage areas for all C aquifer springs. Stratigraphic analyses show that the primary water-bearing unit in the C aquifer thins dramatically from south to north and has evaporite lithofacies directly above the unit. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that the hydrogeochemistry is influenced by SO42−, Cl−, Mg2+, Ca+, specific conductivity, alkalinity, and δD variability. The stratigraphic variability influences geochemistry at multiple locations and has geochemical variabilities that correlate with changing lithology. Based on the PCA results, groundwater sub-basins were delineated based on geochemical variability. This study provides new analytical tools for land managers and karst hydrogeologists to evaluate lithologically complex aquifers by evaluating the stratigraphy and with high-resolution data. Cost-effective stratigraphic analyses and high-resolution spring sampling can and should be used to evaluate lithologically complex aquifers in remote, data-poor regions.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy or surgery: which is the optimal initial option for T3 breast cancer (> 5 cm)——a real world research from Chinese society of clinical oncology breast cancer database
Authors: Wang Haibo , Li Jianbin , Lv Meng , Mao Yan , Nie Gang , Zhang Jianguo , Liu Zhenzhen , Geng Cuizhi , Jin Feng , Fu Peifen , Yin Yongmei , Fan Zhimin , Zhang Haiqing , Jiang Zefei
Published: April 2020

Background: The objectives were to explore the real world treatment of T3 breast cancer (maximum diameter of tumor bigger than 5 centimeters).

Materials and Methods: We selected T3 breast cases diagnosed from 2011 to 2017 in the CSCO BC database. These cases were categorized into two groups: non-NAC group and NAC group. Adjusted hazard ratios for known predictors of event free survival (EFS) using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results: The study included 868 patients: 49.0%(425/868) of patients chose NAC after diagnosis, 51.0%(443/868) chose surgery as their initial therapeutic strategy(non-NAC group). Compared with non-NAC group, patients in NAC group were correlated with clinical positive lymph nodes, hormonal receptor(HR) negative and human epidermal receptor growth factor 2(HER2) positive. For non-NAC group, only 87.1%(386/443) of patients were pathologic T3 after surgery, the overestimation of clinical examination of tumor lesion was 12.9%(57/443). In addition, there was no significance of EFS between the NAC group and non-NAC group(HR=0.82, 95%CI: 0.64-1.05). However, for T3 breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes, HR negative and HER2 positive tumors, the NAC group had a better survival than the non-NAC group. Cox proportional analysis showed that lymph node negative, HER2 negative status and neoadjuvant chemotherapy were associated with a longer survival time.

Conclusion: As the initial option for T3 breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes, HR negative and HER2 positive tumors, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the first therapy.
Characterization of the microbiomic association between tonsil and saliva isolated from Korean children subjected to tonsillectomy using 16S rRNA sequencing: a pilot study
Authors: Choi Da Hyeon , Park Ji Won , Choi Ju Kwang , Lee Kyeong Eun , Lee Won Hee , Yang Jinho , Lee Ju Yeon , Park Yoon Jeong , Oh Chan , Won Ho-Ryun , Koo Bon Seok , Chang Jae Won , Park Yoon Shin
Published: April 2020

Background Oral microbes have the capacity to spread throughout the gastrointestinal system and are significantly associated with multiple diseases. Given that tonsils are located between the oral cavity and laryngoesophagus at the gateway of both alimentary and respiratory tracts, tonsillar tissue may also be affected by both oral (saliva) and alimentary tract microbiota. While several independent reports on oral microbiomes from saliva and tonsils are documented in the literature, limited studies have compared tonsil and saliva microbiota compositions. Here, we analyzed the distribution of the microbial communities in saliva and tonsils of healthy Korean children subjected to tonsillectomy.ResultsIn total, 29 study subjects were enrolled from an initial 45 participants subjected to tonsillectomy owing to hyperplasia over two years. The microbiome profiles of saliva and tonsils were established via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Based on the Chao1 diversity index, the tonsil group showed higher richness in species, compared to the saliva group. On the other hand, the Shannon index revealed a significantly higher biodiversity value for saliva relative to tonsils. The microbial communities of the two groups were highly similar. The top 10 ranked taxa common to both groups determined based on average relative abundance were as follows: Haemophilus, Fusobacterium, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Prevotella 7, Alloprevotella, Porphyromonas, Treponema 2, Campylobacter, and Neisseria. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis conducted to elucidate interactions between the groups showed the strongest positive correlation of Treponema 2 between saliva and tonsils. Streptococcus, Veillonella, and Alloprevotella in saliva were negatively correlated with Prevotella 7 in tonsils while Prevotella 7 in saliva showed a strong positive correlation with Alloprevotella in tonsils. ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first study to present a correlation between tonsil and salivary microbiomes in Korean children who have undergone tonsillectomy. Overall, strong similarities between the tonsil and saliva microbial communities are evident in terms of diversity and composition. Furthermore, the saliva microbiome is expected to significantly affect the tonsil microbiome. Based on the collective results, we propose that the identified microbes act as both intracellular and external environmental factors with a major impact on the functioning of tonsils and their primary cells.
Sirt3 Regulates Radioresistance of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer through ATM-Chk2 Pathway
Authors: Kun Cao , Yuanyuan Chen , Yijuan Huang , Zebin Liao , Tingting Liu , Zhenyu Gong , Jianming Cai , Jianguo Cui , Yanyong Yang , Fu Gao
Published: April 2020

With high incidence and mortality, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represent 85-90% in all lung cancer patients. In addition to surgery and chemotherapy, radiotherapy is an indispensable approach for cancer treatment. However, cellular resistance to ionizing radiation often results in failure in treatment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of Sirt3 in radiotherapy on NSCLC. Briefly, survival as well as apoptosis assay were used to determine the cellular radiosensitivity, and an in situ lung cancer model to test the radiosensitivity in vivo. Firstly, our data show that Sirt3 is upregulated in NSCLC cell lines, as well as tissues compared with normal tissues. Then we generated Sirt3 knockdown cells and overexpression cells and found that Sirt3 knockdown increased radiosensitivity, while Sirt3 overexpression caused resistance. Sirt3 knockdown also aggravated the G2/M cell cycle arrest caused by irradiation. Furthermore, Sirt3 was found to be critical for the activation of ATM-Chk2 pathway upon irradiation. Finally, our in vivo model showed that targeting Sirt3 significantly sensitized lung cancer to radiotherapy. In conclusion, our findings identified a significant role of Sirt3 in radioresistanct of NSCLC, which provides novel mechanism as well as target for radiotherapy.
Hyaluronic acid optimizes therapeutic effects of Hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress on breast cancer
Authors: Abbasi Ardeshir , Pakravan Nafiseh , Hassan Zuhair
Published: April 2020

Background and Purpose: Distinguishing the multiple effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on cancer cells is important to understand their role in tumour biology. Conversely, elevated levels of ROS-induced oxidative stress can induce cancer cell death. However, some anti-oxidative or ROS-mediated oxidative therapies have also yielded beneficial effects.Experimental approach: To better define the effects of oxidative stress, in vitro experiments were conducted on 4T1 and splenic mononuclear cells (MNCs) under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Furthermore, H2O2 [10-1000μM], was used as a ROS source alone or in combination with hyaluronic acid (HA), which is frequently used as drug delivery vehicle.Key Results: Our results indicate that treatment of cancer cells with H2O2+HA was significantly more effective than H2O2 alone. In addition, treatment with H2O2+HA led to increased apoptosis, decreased proliferation, and multi-phase cell cycle arrest in 4T1 cells in a dose-dependent manner under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Also, migratory tendency and the mRNA levels of VEGF, and MMP-2,9 were significantly decreased. Of note, HA treatment combined with 100-1000μM H2O2+ caused more damage to MNCs as compared to treatment with lower concentrations [10-50μM]. Based on these results we propose to administer high dose H2O2+HA [100-1000μM] for intra-tumoral injection and low doses for systemic administration.Conclusions & Implications: Intra-tumoral route could have toxic and inhibitory effects not only on the tumour but also on residential myeloid cells defending it, whereas systemic treatment could stimulate peripheral immune responses against the tumour. More in vivo research is required to confirm this hypothesis.
Atomistic insight into novel co-delivery of doxorubicin and paclitaxel using fullerene modified by dimethyl acrylamide trimethyl chitosan: A computational study
Authors: Alimohammadi Ehsan , Maleki Reza , Akbarialiabad Hossein , Dahri Mohammad
Published: April 2020

Background: The distribution of drugs could not be controlled in the conventional drug delivery system. This has led to the development of a smart nanoparticle-based drug delivery system, known as smart drug delivery systems. In cancer research, novel biocompatible nanocarriers have received much attention for various ranges of anticancer drugs.In the current study, the effect of a novel co-polymer "dimethyl acrylamide-trimethyl chitosan" was investigated on drug delivery of doxorubicin and paclitaxel utilizing modified fullerene nanocarrier. This study was performed via molecular dynamics simulation based on acidic pH sensitivity of the cancer microenvironment. Furthermore, hydrogen bonds, diffusion coefficient, gyration radius, and drug-carrier interaction energies were investigated here. Interestingly, a simultaneous pH and temperature-sensitive system was proposed for paclitaxel and doxorubicin for a co-polymer. A pH-sensitive and temperature-sensitive copolymer was used based on trimethyl chitosan and dimethyl acrylamide, respectively. In such a dualistic approach, co-polymer makes an excellent option to have two properties in one bio-polymer.Results: The results suggest the dramatic and indisputable role of the co-polymer in the release of doxorubicin and paclitaxel in cancerous tissues, as well as an increased biocompatibility and drug uptake in a neutral state. The validation test was performed by repeated simulations of a similar article. The results are very close to those of the reference paper.Conclusions: Overall, conjugated fullerene and dimethyl acrylamide-trimethyl chitosan (DMAA-TMC) as carriers can be a good proposition for loading, delivery, and release of anti-cancer drugs based on a pH/temperature-sensitive smart drug delivery system.
A meta-analysis of 2019 novel corona virus patient clinical characteristics and comorbidities
Authors: Paudel Subodh Sharma
Published: April 2020

IntroductionBeing a new variant of coronavirus, detailed information regarding the virulence, its clinical characters, high risk individuals are yet to be defined. This study was done with the objective of finding out clinical features of corona infection and also studies what are the comorbidities that are associated with it.MethodsThis is a single arm meta-analysis in which relevant data were derived from searches in PubMed. It includes study papers which were written in English language and their completely published article is found. Seven articles published from 24th Jan to 16th March, 2020 are included in this study. ResultsThe total number of patients was 1786 with 1044 males and 742 females with male to female ratio of 1.4:1. The median age of patients was 41 years). Fever was present in 88.8% cases. Dry Cough in 68% followed by fatigue in 33%. Hypertension (15.8%) is the most common comorbidity followed by cardio and cerebrovascular condition (11.7%). ConclusionPatients often presented with symptoms of fever, dry cough, lethargy and fatigue, muscle pain, productive cough. Similarly, patients with previous history of HTN, DM, COPD, cardio and cerebrovascular condition, immune-deficient states are at high risk of developing into the severe COVID-19 infection.
Treatment of Wastewater from the Foundry Industry Using Fenton Process
Authors: DAWCZAK Paulina , DUDZIAK Mariusz
Published: April 2020

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Fenton process in the treatment of selected wastewater from the foundry industry, which was initially coagulated. In the coagulation process, contaminants found in the suspended and colloidal phase were separated from the wastewater. The selection of the favorable course of the Fenton process was carried out with the following parameters in mind: wastewater pH, hydrogen peroxide dose, Fe2+/H2O2 mass ratio and process time. The selected parameters of the Fenton process were: wastewater pH 2.5, hydrogen peroxide dose 5.00 g/L, Fe2+/H2O2 mass ratio 0.3 and process time 120 min. For the given parameters, high efficiency of the Fenton process in lowering the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the treated wastewater from the foundry industry was demonstrated. In wastewater, the concentration of non-ionic surfactants (NS) also decreased.
From Kant to contemporary ethics of sport
Authors: Kreft Lev
Published: April 2020

Radom se nastoji uspostaviti veza između Kantove etike i etike sporta povezivanjem koncepcije anthropocena, kao suvremene epohe tijekom koje prirodna povijest postaje kulturnom povijesti, s etikom nade, kako je predstavljena u Kantovoj Kritici rasudne snage. Ključan je moment Kantova argumenta da je biranje kulture ispravan put ljudskog razvitka prema civilnom društvu i kozmopolitskom jedinstvu. Je li sport takva kultura? Može li sport postati važan moment u suvremenoj etici nade? Odgovor je uvjetno pozitivan jer postoje određene prepreke. Prvo, jedan je od razloga za to inauguriranje olimpijskog sporta u svrhe održavanja ravnoteže u društvenim sukobima. Da je takvo što ostvarivo sugerira nam da bi hijerarhijski poredak izvrsnosti u sportskom natjecanju osnažio društvenu hijerarhiju. Drugo, sport je jedna od najpopularnijih i najprofitabilnijih globalnih zabava, no njime upravlja aristokratska elita s iznimnim potencijalom za zloupotrebu moći. Treće, globalni organizatori sporta imaju mnogo političke moći skrivene iza olimpijske mantre o isključivanju politike iz sporta.
Topological thermal Hall effect for topological excitations in spin liquid: Emergent Lorentz force on the spinons
Authors: Gao Yong Hao , Chen Gang
Published: April 2020

We study the origin of Lorentz force on the spinons in a U(1) spin liquid.
We are partly inspired by the previous observation of gauge field correlation in
the pairwise spin correlation using the neutron scattering measurement by
P.A. Lee an N. Nagaosa [PhysRevB 87,064423(2013)] when
the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction intertwines with the lattice geometry.
We extend this observation to the Lorentz force that exerts
on the (neutral) spinons. The external magnetic field, that polarizes the
spins, effectively generates an internal U(1) gauge flux for the spinons
and twists the spinon motion through the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.
Such a mechanism for the emergent Lorentz force differs fundamentally from
the induction of the internal U(1) gauge flux in the weak Mott insulating
regime from the charge fluctuations. We apply this understanding to the
specific case of spinon metals on the kagome lattice. Our suggestion of
emergent Lorentz force generation and the resulting topological thermal
Hall effect may apply broadly to other non-centrosymmetric spin liquids
with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We discuss the relevance with
the thermal Hall transport in kagome materials volborthite and kapellasite.
Meteorological conditions and their associations with the productive performance of wheat
Authors: Martin Thomas Newton , Minussi José Eduardo , Stecca Jessica Deolinda Leivas , Burg Giovani Mathias , Pinto Marlo Bison
Published: April 2020

This study aimed at assessing the effect of the photothermal quotient, meteorological variables and their effects on the grain production and yield of the wheat cultivars in terms of hectoliter mass in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The experiments were carried out in the same experimental area in different years. Four experiments were performed in the experimental field during the agricultural years of 2013 (10 cultivars), 2014 (16 cultivars), 2015 (15 cultivars) and 2016 (15 cultivars) with the principal cultivars in the Rio Grande do Sul state, during each of these years. The meteorological factors (mean air temperature, solar radiation, insolation and accumulated precipitation) showed wide fluctuations over these years. They induced instability in the production. The grain yield and the hectoliter mass were compared in each of the agricultural years (Scott-Knott, α≤0.05) and are related in dispersion plots according to the climatic variables for the set of years and cultivars (regression analysis). The available solar radiation (number of sunshine hours), quality (photothermal quotient) and average air temperature were the determinant factors for wheat productivity. However, the hectoliter mass was influenced more by the effect of genetic variability, lack of precipitation during crop maturation, and photothermal quotient around the time of anthesis. Wheat crop investments can be expanded to maximize wheat grain yield when average cycle temperatures remain near 16.5 oC, high solar radiation and low rainfall. Better quality trains (hectoliter mass) will be obtained when smaller precipitations are observed at harvest and higher photothermal quotient.
Evidence of hidden diversity and taxonomic conflicts in five stream fishes from the Eastern Zimbabwe Highlands freshwater ecoregion
Authors: Chakona Albert , Kadye Wilbert , Bere Taurai , Mazungula Daniel , Vreven Emmanuel
Published: April 2020

Stream fishes of the Eastern Afromontane region are among the least
studied vertebrates in this region, despite the potential for harbouring
cryptic diversity. The present study examined mitochondrial cytochrome
oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence divergence in 153 specimens of stream
fishes belonging to four genera and three families, [(Amphilius and Zaireichthys (Amphiliidae); Chiloglanis (Mochokidae); and Hippopotamyrus
(Mormyridae)], in the Eastern Zimbabwe Highlands (EZH) freshwater
ecoregion to explore the extent to which the current taxonomy conceals
the ichthyofaunal diversity in the region. The General Mixed Yule
Coalescent (GMYC) species delineation method identified 14 clusters
within five currently recognised ‘species’ from the EZH ecoregion. Only
one of these clusters represents a named species, while 13 of them
represent candidate or undescribed species. Our results revealed that
effective conservation of this region’s unique biota is limited by the
incomplete knowledge of taxonomic diversity and inaccurate mapping of
species distribution ranges.
Household stored water quality in an intermittent water supply network in Panama
Authors: Gonzalez Carlos I. , Erickson John , Chavarría Karina A. , Nelson Kara L. , Goodridge Amador
Published: April 2020

Safe water storage is critical to preserve water quality, especially when intermittent piped drinking water supply creates a need for household storage. This study characterized household storage practices and stored water quality in 94 households (N = 94) among four peri-urban neighborhoods in Arraiján, Panama with varying degrees of supply intermittency. We found that 18 (19.1%) households stored drinking water in unsafe containers. Forty-four (47%) samples of household stored drinking water had residual chlorine levels <0.2 mg/L. While 33 (35.1%) samples were positive for total coliform bacteria, only 23 (24.4%) had >10 most probable number (MPN)/100 mL total coliform bacteria. Eight (44%) samples were positive for Escherichia coli, whereas only one (1.3%) sample from the safe containers was positive. Twenty-nine (30.9%) samples had >500 MPN/mL heterotrophic plate count bacteria. These findings suggest that longer supply interruptions were associated with longer storage times and lower chlorine residual, which were associated with higher concentrations of indicator bacteria. This is one of the first studies in the Central-American region to show an association between the lack of turnover (replacement with fresh water) and greater contamination during household water storage. Thus, when drinking water supply is not completely continuous and household storage is required, decreasing the time between supply periods can facilitate safer water storage. Public awareness and education are also recommended to increase hygiene practices during water collection and storage.
Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Metalik Bağ ile ilgili Algıları, Metalik Bağı Tanımlamada Kullandıkları Metaforlar ve Yaptıkları Benzeşimler
Authors: NAKİBOĞLU Canan , YILDIRIM Şafak
Published: April 2020

Ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin, metalik bağları öğrenmelerinden sonra metalik bağı nasıl tanımladıkları ve bu tanımlamaları sırasında hangi metaforları kullandıkları bu çalışmada araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca öğrencilerin metalik bağı neye benzettiklerine yönelik benzeşimleri de incelenmiştir. Bir proje kapsamında geliştirilen iki aşamalı bir ölçme aracının bu çalışmada sadece metalik bağ ile ilgili kısmına yönelik bulgulara yer verilmiştir. Verileri 184’ü kız ve 113’ü erkek olmak üzere beş farklı liseye devam eden toplam 297 onuncu sınıf öğrencisinden toplanmıştır. Kullanılan ölçek iki aşamalı olup ilk aşamada öğrencilerin algı ve metaforlarını belirlemek için metalik bağı tanımları istenmiştir. İkinci aşamada metalik bağ ile ilgili benzeşimlerini belirlemek amacıyla üzerinde “metalik bağ……. benzer, çünkü…..” yazılı bir soru öğrencilere yöneltilmiştir. Verilerin içerik analizi ile analizi sonucunda, öğrencilerin metalik bağ ile ilgili algılarının altı tema altında ve metaforlarının da altı kavramsal kategoride toplandığı belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin metalik bağı metaller arasında bir bağ olarak algıladıkları çalışmada ulaşılan önemli bir sonuçtur. Öğrenciler tarafından yazılan benzeşimlerin analizi sonucunda, bunların da altı tema altında toplandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda metalik bağ konusunun öğretilmesinde nelere dikkat edilmesi gerektiğine yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
national initiative in data science for health: an evaluation of the UK Farr Institute
Authors: Hemingway Harry , Lyons Ronan , Li Qianrui , Buchan Iain , Ainsworth John , Pell Jill , Morris Andrew
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the extent to which the inter-institutional, inter-disciplinary mobilisation of data and skills in the Farr Institute contributed to establishing the emerging field of data science for health in the UK.
Design and Outcome measuresWe evaluated evidence of six domains characterising a new field of science:

defining central scientific challenges,
demonstrating how the central challenges might be solved,
creating novel interactions among groups of scientists,
training new types of experts,
re-organising universities,
demonstrating impacts in society.

We carried out citation, network and time trend analyses of publications, and a narrative review of infrastructure, methods and tools.
SettingFour UK centres in London, North England, Scotland and Wales (23 university partners), 2013-2018.
Results1. The Farr Institute helped define a central scientific challenge publishing a research corpus, demonstrating insights from electronic health record (EHR) and administrative data at each stage of the translational cycle in 593 papers with at least one Farr Institute author affiliation on PubMed. 2. The Farr Institute offered some demonstrations of how these scientific challenges might be solved: it established the first four ISO27001 certified trusted research environments in the UK, and approved more than 1000 research users, published on 102 unique EHR and administrative data sources, although there was no clear evidence of an increase in novel, sustained record linkages. The Farr Institute established open platforms for the EHR phenotyping algorithms and validations (>70 diseases, CALIBER). Sample sizes showed some evidence of increase but remained less than 10% of the UK population in primary care-hospital care linked studies. 3.The Farr Institute created novel interactions among researchers: the co-author publication network expanded from 944 unique co-authors (based on 67 publications in the first 30 months) to 3839 unique co-authors (545 papers in the final 30 months). 4. Training expanded substantially with 3 new masters courses, training >400 people at masters, short-course and leadership level and 48 PhD students. 5. Universities reorganised with 4/5 Centres established 27 new faculty (tenured) positions, 3 new university institutes. 6. Emerging evidence of impacts included: > 3200 citations for the 10 most cited papers and Farr research informed eight practice-changing clinical guidelines and policies relevant to the health of millions of UK citizens.
ConclusionThe Farr Institute played a major role in establishing and growing the field of data science for health in the UK, with some initial evidence of benefits for health and healthcare. The Farr Institute has now expanded into Health Data Research (HDR) UK but key challenges remain including, how to network such activities internationally.
Konsep Kebahagiaan Al-Kindi
Authors: Isfaroh Isfaroh
Published: April 2020

Kebahagiaan merupakan impian bagi setiap manusia, akan tetapi masih banyak manusia yang tidak berhasil mencapai kebahagiaan, hal ini disebabkan karena belum memahami arti dan cara mencapai kebahagiaan. Tulisan ini akan membahas bagaimana mencapai kebahagiaan dalam bimbingan rasionalitas menurut pemikiran al-Kindi. Kajian ini menggunakan metode verstehen. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa bagi al-Kindi, berfikir rasional adalah keutamaan, yang berarti meneladani perbuatan-perbuatan Tuhan. sehingga kebahagiaan dapat dicapai dengan cara mengetahui keutamaan dan bertingkah laku sesuai dengan tuntutan keutamaan tersebut.
Pemikiran Jamaluddin al-Afghani dan Muhammad Abduh Serta Relasinya Dengan Realitas Sosial di Indonesia
Authors: Khairiyanto Khairiyanto
Published: April 2020

Dalam lintasan sejarah, umat muslim pernah mengalami masa kejayaannya, dimana dalam banyak bidang ilmu pengetahuan dikuasai oleh kaum muslim, hingga menjadi kiblat dunia. Kenyataan tersebut seharusnya menjadi motivasi bagi umat muslim untuk bangkit dari keterpurukan seperti kondisi saat ini. Mirisnya umat muslim mengagap kejayaan tersebut tidak lebih hanya sebatas sesuatu yang dibangga-banggakan, lebih jauh lagi umat muslim merasa bahwa teks yang dihasilkan sudah final dan tidak perlu mengadakan usaha kajian kritis pada telaah pustaka dan realitas yang melingkupi kehidupan mereka. Akan tetapi paradigma tersebut tidak berlaku bagi Al- Afgani dan Abduh, pasalnya kedua tokoh ini gencar menyuarakan pentingnya nalar-rasional dalam pengkajian agama dan pentingnya meneladani perilaku pendahulunya, keduanya sadar bahwa era kebangkitan penting dilakukan oleh umat muslim. Dalam artikel ini akan membahas bagaimana pemikiran agama dengan nalar modernitas perspektif al-Afghani dan Abduh? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode diskrptif analisis. Menurut al-Afgani dan Abduh, dalam bidang sosial-politik perlu adanya persatuan, keterbukaan dan kerjasama yang dibangun guna untuk mendapatkan nilai luhur dan menjadi bagian dari kemajuan.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL,TRANSPARANSI, AKUNTABIITAS PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT DAN KUALITAS LEMBAGA AMIL ZAKAT
Authors: Trisnaningtyas Yurike Meida , Rapini Titi , Farida Umi
Published: April 2020

Kesejahteraan dan terpenuhinya kebutuhan hidup merupakan keinginan dari setiap orang, zakat merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengentaskan kemiskinan dengan cara pemerataan pendapatan, Adanya penelitian ini digunakan untuk melihat sejauh mana pengendalian internal,transaparnasi,  akuntabilitas  duan kualitas embaga Amil Zakat, Infaq dan Shodaqoh Muhammadiyah Ponorogo yang sudah ada sejak tahun 2005. Data yang digunakan ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari LAZISMU Ponorogo dengan teknik obsesvasi dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu variabel pengendaian internal sudah diterapkan pada LAZISMU Ponorogo namun belum maksimal, transparansi dilakukan dengan adanya publikasi pada media masa, variabel akuntabilitas dibuktikan dengan pertanggungjawaban LAZISMU Ponorogo terkait dengan penghimpunan dan pendistribusian zakat berupa tunai dan non tunai,  sedangankan variabel kualitas lembaga amil dinilai sangat baik.
Nostalgia de Grecia en la filosofía del joven Hegel
Authors: Carbó Ribugent Mónica
Published: April 2020

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Comportement intéressé et évaluation normative chez A. Sen
Authors: Guibet Lafaye Caroline
Published: April 2020

RESUMENMientras que, en lo que respecta a nuestra vida privada, creemos que tenemos responsabilidades particulares hacia las personas con las que mantenemos relaciones especiales, en el plano político estamos obligados al ideal de "igual consideración" con todos, es decir, al trato de todos los ciudadanos como iguales. De esta forma, parecehaber un conclicto de principio entre "egoísmo" y "utilitarismo" en la determinación del comportamiento individual. Sin embargo, un análisis de la teoría del comportamiento racional, como A. Sen ha formulado, es últil para comprender cómo los intereses de otro pueden ser integrados dentro de nuestros fines y de nuestras concepciones de la vida buena. de hecho, así ocurre cuando cada uno en cuenta, en sus eleccines y acciones, valores a los que da importancia.PALABRAS CLAVERACIONALIDAD, UTILITARISMO, EGOÍSMO, NORAMTIVIDADABSTRACTWhreas we believe, concerning our private life, that we have particular responsibilities towards people with whom we have special relations, we are awar, on the political level, to an "equalconcern", i. e. to the treatment of each citizen as equal. Thus it seems thath the determination of the individual behaviour is grounded on a conflict between "egoism" and "utilitarianism". But the theory of the rational behaviour, as A. Sen formulated it, is useful to demostrate how the of the good life. In fact, each one takes into account, in his choices and in his actions, values, to which he gives importance.KEYWORDSRATIONALITY, UTILITARIANISM, EGOISM, NORMATIVITY
РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО РОЗВИТКУ В УКРАЇНІ ЧЕРЕЗ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНО-ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ВАЖЕЛІ ТА ІНСТРУМЕНТИ
Authors: Savchenko Volodymyr
Published: April 2020

У статті визначено сутність поняття та основні характеристики соціальної сфери України на етапі її трансформаційного поступу в умовах посилення глобалізації та європейського вектора зростання. З’ясовано роль матеріально-технічної бази як основи становлення соціальної моделі розвитку нашої держави, що має динамічний характер і відображає зміни в соціальній сфері, які повинні відповідати сьогоденним та майбутнім потребам.
Проаналізовано ситуацію на сучасному етапі, коли в результаті подій на Сході країни, економічного спаду, політичних конфліктів, відсутності стабільності зростає чисельність громадян, які потребують допомоги від держави й можуть зберегти життєдіяльність тільки через отримання субсидій. Запропоновані заходи для покращення становища в соціальній сфері, які охоплюють збільшення повноважень об’єднаних територіальних громад, посилення ролі малих підприємств, діяльність на рівні регіонів і приміських територій, вирішення соціальних проблем села, реалізацію стратегії соціальної відповідальності бізнесу, розвиток соціального підприємництва.
Estimativas dos Riscos de Chuvas Extremas nas Capitais do Nordeste do Brasil (Estimates of the Risks of Extreme Rainfall in Capitals of Northeast Brazil)
Authors: Sousa Francisco de Assis Salviano de , Vieira Valmir Rocha , Silva Vicente de Paulo R. da , Melo Valneli Silva , Guedes Roni Walter de Souza
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar os riscos de chuvas extremas nas nove capitais do Nordeste brasileiro no período de 19910 a 2012. Devido chuvas extremas e ao mau uso do solo, os desastres naturais mais comuns nessas capitais são as inundações, os deslizamentos e os desabamentos. Os desabamentos são consequências da ineficiência do sistema de drenagem, da remoção indiscriminada da cobertura vegetal e do aumento da saturação de água no solo, que reduz sua resistência e provoca sua ruptura. Também, os desmoronamentos devem-se ao mau uso do solo, má distribuição de renda, falta de moradia digna e má qualidade da educação pública. As inundações são acumulações de lâminas de água que podem invadir o interior das edificações e causar transtornos para a mobilidade urbana de pedestres e veículos. Esses eventos dependem de medidas estruturais e não estruturais e não prescindem da boa educação dos habitantes urbanos.  O ajuste dos eventos extremos de chuvas à função distribuição de probabilidade de Gumbel possibilitou as estimativas dos riscos para uma específica magnitude de chuva.      ABSTRACT   The objective of this study was to estimate the risks of extreme rainfall in the nine capitals of the Brazilian Northeast in the period 19910-2012. Due to extreme rainfall and bad land use, the most common natural disasters in these capitals are floods, mudslides and landslides. Landslides are consequences of the inefficiency of the drainage system, the indiscriminate removal of the vegetation and increasing water saturation in the soil reduces its strength and causes rupture. Also, landslides are due to misuse of land, unequal distribution of wealth, lack of decent housing and poor quality of public education. Floods are accumulations of the water levels that can invade the interior of buildings and cause inconvenience to urban mobility of pedestrians and vehicles. These events depend on structural and non-structural measures and of the good education of urban dwellers. After the fit of extreme rain events the Gumbel probability distribution function can be possible to estimate the risks for a specific magnitude of rain. Keywords: Extreme rains, mudslides, landslides and floods
Correlación entre el dolor de espalda y las dimensiones mamarias en estudiantes de medicina en una universidad colombiana durante el periodo 2015
Authors: Linero Cueto Gary Job , Mazenett Garrido Francisco Javier , Caballero Buelvas Diana Carolina , Ochoa Conrado Andrea Paola
Published: April 2020

Introducción: Al menos un 84% de la población mundial sufre dolor de espalda alguna vez en su vida: un 70% por alteraciones biomecánicas y de tejidos blandos; un 14% por una patología orgánica subyacente. Dentro de los factores de riesgo más asociados está el sexo femenino y el volumen mamario.

Objetivo: Establecer la relación entre el dolor de espalda y las dimensiones mamarias en estudiantes de medicina en una universidad de la costa Atlántica colombiana.

Método: Estudio cuantitativo, de tipo transversal, en el que se analizó el tamaño de las mamas como factor de riesgo desencadenante de dolor de espalda; se tomó como población las estudiantes de medicina de una universidad de la costa Atlántica colombiana, durante el periodo 2015. Se aplicó una encuesta para los aspectos descriptivos cuantitativos y la toma de medidas antropométricas.

Resultados: La muestra total fue de 111 mujeres, edad promedio de 20 años; el 82% tenían IMC normal. Los promedios de medidas fueron los siguientes: el diámetro torácico anterior, 50,6 cm; diámetro torácico posterior, 44,8 cm; distancia supero-inferior 29,6 cm; distancia interacromial 35,1 cm, y la talla del brasier fue de 34. La prevalencia de dolor de espalda fue de 62,16%; se localizó en la región lumbar en un 55,07%; fue de carácter episódico en el 89,85% de los casos, con una frecuencia promedio de una a tres veces por semana (60,87%). En el 88,40% de los casos las participantes no recibieron tratamiento
médico.

Conclusión: La presencia del dolor no tuvo relación estadística significativa con el tamaño mamario.
Desarrollo de tecnología de asistencia de bajo costo para personas en condición de cuadriplejia. Caso de estudio
Authors: Agredo R Wilfredo , Chilito R Sara L. , Molano V César A. , Ramírez María Alejandra , Zemanate Andrés F.
Published: April 2020

El desarrollo de tecnología de asistencia para personas en condición de discapacidad permite dar solución a necesidades que, aunque no son consideradas prioridad en las entidades de salud, tienen una gran influencia en la calidad de vida de los afectados. En este caso de estudio se consideran dos personas de 17 y 20 años con trauma raquimedular a nivel de C3 y C4 con clasificación ASIA A, quienes expresaron la necesidad de recuperar la independencia en actividades de entretenimiento, tales como el manejo del celular y el control del televisor. Por consiguiente, se decidió desarrollar dos dispositivos que funcionen como control remoto para el último. Para el diseño y desarrollo de la tecnología se implementó la metodología de diseño de Hans Gugelot, obteniendo como resultado dos dispositivos electrónicos que funcionan mediante pulsadores y comandos de voz que cumplieron satisfactoriamente con su objetivo y que se consideran de bajo costo debido a que no superan los 75 USD.
Rehabilitación de fracturas de mano con ortesis robóticas
Authors: Gómez-Rendón José Fernando , Moreno-Arango Juan David , Gil-Henao Gilberto Andrés , Becerra-Velásquez Jimena , Gil-Guerrero María Alejandra
Published: April 2020

Introducción: el presente estudio corresponde a una serie de casos clínicos que describe los resultados del tratamiento de fracturas de mano realizado por el grupo de investigación F- CIBER-HAND en Manizales, Colombia; este tratamiento integra el manejo quirúrgico de la fractura, la rehabilitación convencional y la rehabilitación con ortesis robóticas. Objetivo: generar evidencia clínica (nivel III) de que el manejo interdisciplinario especializado y el uso de ortesis robóticas disminuye la rigidez articular en los pacientes post-quirúrgicos de fracturas de la mano. Materiales y métodos: se seleccionaron 10 pacientes con fracturas de mano que presentaron signos clínicos de rigidez articular después de dos semanas del post operatorio, se les practicó terapia física y movilización pasiva con la ortesis robótica PRO-Dix. Resultados: todos los pacientes tuvieron mejoría funcional de la mano según escala DASH, disminución de la intensidad del dolor según escala visual análoga del dolor y recuperación del arco de movilidad articular según goniometría; además, retornaron a las actividades de la vida diaria que realizaban previas a la fractura. Discusión: se requieren ensayos clínicos aleatorizados para determinar las ventajas del protocolo de rehabilitación que incluye ortesis robótica versus la terapia convencional exclusivamente. Conclusiones: la movilización pasiva con ortesis robóticas complementa de forma eficaz la terapia física en pacientes post-quirúrgicos de fracturas de la mano, lo que favorece la recupe- ración de los arcos de movilidad articular y disminuye la rigidez articular.
Evaluación de la eficacia de un programa de ejercicios para osteoartritis de rodilla
Authors: Estévez-Perera Abel , Martínez-de Murga Gustavo , Sujo-Sit Maritza
Published: April 2020

Introducción: la osteoartritis (OA) de rodilla es una enfermedad crónica caracterizada por dolor debido a un proceso degenerativo que sufren las articulaciones y que afecta a un elevado número de pacientes. Existen varios esquemas de tratamiento que mejoran los síntomas y la calidad de vida de las personas afectadas.

Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de un programa de tratamiento kinesiológico en pacientes con OA de rodilla.

Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio longitudinal prospectivo y aleatorizado para comprobar la efectividad de un programa de ejercicios físicos asociado al tratamiento conven- cional en pacientes con OA de rodilla. La muestra estuvo conformada por 84 pacientes en cada grupo, quienes fueron remitidos al Servicio de Rehabilitación del Policlínico Cerro entre marzo de 2017 y diciembre de 2018 y que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. El grupo de estudio recibió tratamiento convencional más un programa kinesiológico en el servicio de rehabilitación, el cual fue continuado en el domicilio, mientras que el grupo control solo recibió tratamiento convencional.

Resultados: la OA de rodilla fue predominante en las mujeres y la edad media fue de 68 años. El grupo control tuvo una evolución hacia la mejoría en el 19,1% de los pacientes, mientras que en el grupo de estudio la evolución fue entre buena y excelente en el 85,7 % de los casos. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los pacientes rehabilitados lograron mejoría, pero esta fue más evidente en el grupo estudio, lo que demostró los beneficios y la eficacia del programa individualizado de rehabilitación empleado.
Movilidad temprana: un reto para el contexto colombiano
Authors: Múnera Orozco Sara , Velásquez Gómez Juliana , Quintero Valencia Carlos , Restrepo Arango Paulina
Published: April 2020

El 15 % de la población mundial tiene algún tipo de discapacidad y necesita de productos de apoyo. En el caso de los niños, estos son fundamentales ya que permiten la exploración del entorno y potencian sus capacidades. En países como Colombia, donde el acceso a los productos de apoyo está parcialmente reglamentado pero no todas las personas acceden estos, un programa como Go baby Go se hace relevante; este es un programa que modifica y entrega carritos de batería para favorecer el juego y la participación de niños con discapacidad.
Amputaciones múltiples secundarias a púrpura fulminans en un adulto joven: una perspectiva en rehabilitación
Authors: Gutiérrez Miguel Ángel , Acevedo González Jeaneth Alejandra
Published: April 2020

La infección por Neisseria meningitidis es causa frecuente de meningitis y septicemia en personas con factores de riesgo; presenta graves complicaciones entre las que se encuentra la púrpura fulminans; patología poco frecuente pero devastadora que inicia con la aparición de lesiones purpúricas en la piel y que finalmente produce compromiso vascular importante, ocasionando necrosis de tejidos profundos, lo cual lleva a amputaciones. Se reporta el caso de un adulto joven, masculino, miembro de las fuerzas militares, en quien se confirma infección por meningococo; presenta meningococcemia sin meningitis, desarrolla púrpura fulminans y finalmente, después de estabilización hemodinámica, requiere amputaciones múltiples secundarias: transtibiales bilaterales y en falanges de mano izquierda. Posterior al egreso de la hospitalización inicia proceso de rehabilitación y 9 meses después logra deambulación con prótesis en miembros inferiores.