bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultivation of Translators for Multimodal Translation in the New Media Age
Authors: Long Minghui
Published: May 2024

In the 21st century, the development of digital and new media technologies has ushered in an age of pervasive multimodal communication, which has significantly amplified the role of multimodal translation in facilitating crosscultural exchanges. Despite the profound impact of these developments, the prevailing translation pedagogy remains predominantly focused on the enhancement of linguistic translation skills, with noticeable neglect of the imperative to cultivate students’ competencies in multimodal translation. Based on the distinctive characteristics and challenges that multimodal translation presents in the context of new media, this study delves into the formulation of educational objectives and curriculum design for the training of multimodal translators. The intent is to propose a framework that can guide the preparation of translators who are adept and equipped to navigate the complexities and demands of the contemporary age.
Research on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Ideological and Political Teaching in Universities
Authors: Zhang Siying
Published: May 2024

With the rapid development of modern science and technology, artificial intelligence (AI) technology is becoming more and more mature, which has brought a profound impact on every field of human society. The new era background provides a new teaching concept for ideological and political teaching in colleges and universities. Teachers in colleges and universities should adopt a positive attitude to face the teaching change brought by new technology, update the teaching ideas in time, and adjust the teaching strategy. This paper will analyze the current situation of the integrated development of AI and ideological and political teaching and put forward corresponding teaching strategies to help train well-developed socialist successors.
Реализация схемы Бонда на монокристальном дифрактометре. Изучение однородности монокристаллов (Y1-xEux)2O3
Authors: Кудрявцев А.Л. , Серебренникова П.C. , Наумов Н.Г. , Громилов С.А.
Published: May 2024

Предложена оригинальная методика уточнения параметров элементарной ячейки монокристаллов в схеме Бонда. Методика ориентирована на использование современного лабораторного дифрактометра, оснащенного 2D-детектором и трехкружным гониометром. На первом этапе определяют предварительные значения параметров элементарной ячейки, дифракционный класс и ориентацию кристалла относительно осей гониометра. Далее вычисляют углы  и  для выведения подходящего (наличие хорошо разрешенного дублета, интенсивность) рефлекса hkl на экваториальную плоскость. Съемка в схеме Бонда проводится при двух симметричных положениях детектора 2D  2hkl. Принципиальное отличие от съемки на однокристальном спектрометре заключается в отказе от построения профиля отражения I() и переходе к -сканам шириной 3-4, что позволяет зарегистрировать профиль дублет Kα1/Kα2. В результате его обработки двумя независимыми 2D-функциями определяют координаты максимумов. Далее, исходя из угловых размеров пикселя детектора и разницы значений координат Х К1-составляющих рефлексов, полученных в симметричных положениях, определяют угол 4hkl. При таком подходе погрешности измерения связаны с точностью установки детектора в двух симметричных позициях и корректностью обработки двумерных профилей рефлексов. Исследование эталонных монокристаллов Si и Ge в области углов 2D, близких к 100, показало, что отклонения ПЭЯ от теоретических значений не превышают 0.0004 Å, а относительная точность измерений составляет 610-5. Уточнение ПЭЯ монокристаллов, полученных в системе Y2O3-Eu2O3 методом роста из раствор-расплава, показало образование твердого раствора (Y1-xEux)2O3 с разбросом значений х 0.270.40. Предложена схема для повышения точности измерений при переносе методики на дифрактометр, установленный на синхротронном излучении.
UDI FENOMENOLOGI TERHADAP PRILAKU BULLYING DI SEKOLAH DASAR DAN UPAYA PENCEGAHANNYA MELALUI PENANAMAN NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA
Authors: Surul Rofiatus , Shaleh Shaleh
Published: May 2024

Abstrak: Perilaku bullying di sekolah merupakan fenomena yang marak terjadi dalam dekade terakhir ini, termasuk pada Sekolah Dasar. Prilaku ini memiliki implikasi serius yang dapat berdampak negatif bagi korban, pelaku, dan bahkan lingkungan sekolah. Dalam konteks inilah, maka menjadi penting untuk mempelajari prilaku bulliying pada Sekolah Dasar dan merancang upaya pencegahannya. Peneliti memberdayakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologi untuk dapat mendalami bagaimana prilaku tersebut terjadi siswa sekolah, untuk kemudian ditindaklanjuti dengan menyusun upaya pencegahannya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang telah terkumpul diperiksa keabsahannya melalui teknik triangulasi. Adapun teknik analisis datanya dilakukan dilakukan melalui lima langkah, yaitu: mendiskripsikan pengalaman siswa tentang fenomena bulliying, membuat dan mengembangkan daftar pertanyaan penting tentang bagaimana siswa mengalami fenomena bulliying, pengelompokan data ke dalam unit yang bermakna, menulis diskripsi tentang pengalaman partisipan secara tekstual dan struktural, serta membuat komposit tekstual struktural. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa: pertama, terdapat beberapa prilaku bulliying yang terjadi di sekolah dasar, yaitu: berupa bullying secara verbal dan non verbal, secar verbal berupa menghina teman sebaya dari faktor fisik, yang hitam ataupun yang postur tubuh teman yang berbeda dengan teman lainnya, memanggil teman dengan sebutan nama oreang tua dan lain-lain. Sedangkan secara non verbal berupa mencubit teman sebaya ataupun berprilaku menyudutkan teman sebaya yang dianggap berbeda. Kedua, upaya strategis dalam mengatasi dan mencegah perilaku bullying pada siswa SD, dapat dilakukan dengan penanaman nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang terdapat dalam butir pancasila melalui pembelajaran, pembisaan, kesenian (lagu-lagu), pemberian penghargaan dan oleh pendidik kepada peserta didik.
Optimalisasi Pemahaman Materi Kisah Nabi melalui Metode Mind Mapping dengan Pendekatan PBL-TPACK
Authors: Maulita Bela Zahra , Khasanah Nur
Published: May 2024

This research was motivated by the low level of students’ understanding of PAI learning material on prophet stories at SD Muhammadiyah 02 Noyontaan. Therefore, this research aims to apply the Mind Mapping learning method and the TPACK integrated PBL approach to optimize students’ understanding in PAI subject material on Prophet’s Stories. The type of research used in this research is classroom action research which consists of three cycles. The target of this research was class III students at SD Muhammadiyah 02 Noyontaan. Based on the research results, the average in the pre-cycle was 74 with a classical completeness percentage of 73.9%, the average student learning outcome in cycle I was 77 with a classical completion percentage of 76.6%, the average student learning outcome in cycle II was 81 with a classical completeness percentage of 85.6% and an average learning outcome for cycle III students of 90 with a classical completeness percentage of 95%. From these data it can be concluded that the Mind Mapping learning method and the TPACK integrated PBL approach are proven to be able to improve learning outcomes for Class III Prophet’s Story material at SD Muhammadiyah 02 Noyontaan.
Anaesthesia for Children with Skin Disorders
Authors: Riley Catherine , Wilson Kate
Published: May 2024

This tutorial explores the provision of anaesthesia for children with skin disorders, which range from mild to life-threatening. The anaesthetist must balance prevention of skin trauma or infection with the provision of safe anaesthesia, including airway and temperature management.
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors for a Continuous G-Frame Operator
Authors: Faraj Hamid , Maghfoul M.
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we give a simple characterization of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors for the continous G-frame operator for {ΛωP∈B(H,Kω), ω∈Ω}, where HN is an N-dimensional Hilbert space and P is a rank k orthogonal projection on HN. Using this, we derive several results.
Assessment of results of verification tests for corrosion-resistant coatings for use in pipeline transport of oil and oil products
Authors: Буянов Иван Владимирович , Королёнок Анатолий Михайлович , Макаренко Алексей Витальевич , Антонова Лариса Арсентьевна
Published: May 2024

Рассмотрена актуальная проблема оценки соответствия антикоррозионных покрытий, эксплуатируемых на объектах трубопроводного транспорта нефти и нефтепродуктов, важнейшим элементом которой является обеспечение качества результатов лабораторных испытаний. Лабораторные испытания покрытий указанного назначения проводятся в испытательной лаборатории ООО «НИИ Транснефть» и в аттестованных испытательных лабораториях (центрах). Для контроля проведения испытаний ООО «НИИ Транснефть», осуществляющее аттестацию лабораторий в рамках ведения Реестра испытательных лабораторий (центров), выполняет постоянный анализ получаемых результатов. По итогам устанавливается факт наличия или отсутствия оснований для проведения проверочных испытаний в рамках межлабораторных сравнительных испытаний. С целью совершенствования методики межлабораторных сравнительных испытаний антикоррозионных покрытий указанного назначения разработан алгоритм оценки результатов проверочных испытаний по показателю «Стойкость покрытия к истиранию потоком абразивных частиц». Описаны методы определения стабильности и однородности образцов, а также статистические методы обработки полученных результатов. Материалы, изложенные в статье, могут быть применены для внедрения новой либо совершенствования существующей системы оценки соответствия оборудования и материалов в органах по сертификации и испытательных лабораториях (центрах).

The current problem of conformity assessment of corrosion-resistant coatings used at the oil and oil products pipeline transport facilities is considered, of which the most important element is quality assurance of laboratory test results. Laboratory tests of the specified-purpose coatings are carried out in the testing laboratory of Transneft R&D, LLC, and in certified testing laboratories (centers). To control the test conduction, Transneft R&D, LLC, carrying out certification of laboratories within the scope of maintaining the Register of testing laboratories (centers), continuously analyzes the results obtained. As a result, the fact whether or not there are grounds for running verification tests within the scope of interlaboratory comparative tests. In order to improve the methodology of interlaboratory comparative tests of specified-purpose corrosion-resistant coatings, an algorithm is developed for evaluating the results of verification tests in terms of the ‘‘Coating particulate erosion resistance’’ performance. Methods of determining sample stability and homogeneity as well as statistical methods of processing the obtained results are discussed. The materials presented in the paper can be used in implementation of new or improvement of existing conformity assessment system for equipment and materials in certification bodies and testing laboratories (centers).
Forecasting useful life of pumping equipment elements based on multivariate regression approaches
Authors: Коленчуков Олег Александрович , Бухтояров Владимир Викторович , Швецов Никита Сергеевич , Сергиенко Роман Борисович , Башмур Кирилл Александрович
Published: May 2024

В настоящее время подходы к прогнозированию срока полезного использования (RUL) элементов насоса можно разделить на два типа: основанные на модели и управляемые данными. Многочисленные традиционные подходы к прогнозированию RUL имеют ограничения. Современные технологические достижения и разработки привели к резкому увеличению объема многомерных данных и повысили спрос на модифицированные и эффективные многомерные методы регрессии для прогнозирования RUL элементов насосов, которые стали предметом критического анализа и основным методом исследования в данной работе. Целью авторов являлась апробация и обобщение модифицированных методов многомерной регрессии для обнаружения неисправностей насосов на основе имитационного моделирования. Проанализированы методы многомерной регрессии с различными вариациями данных. Проведено имитационное моделирование для оценки их эффективности и сравнение с традиционными методами выбора переменных. С помощью сравнительного анализа продемонстрирована эффективность рассматриваемых подходов. Результаты исследований RUL насосов современными многорегрессионными подходами показывают, что при небольшом объеме выборки наиболее точным является метод регрессии с поддержкой подпространства с разреженностью строк, а при большом объеме выборки предпочтительнее метод разреженной регрессии частично наименьших квадратов, так как ошибка в данных случаях будет наименьшей. При этом необходимо учитывать выбор надлежащего штрафа при подгонке модели.

Currently, approaches to remaining the useful life (RUL) of pump elements can be divided into two types: modelbased and data-driven. Numerous traditional approaches to RUL forecasting have limitations. Modern technological advances and developments have led to a sharp increase in the volume of multidimensional data and increased the demand for modified and effective multidimensional regression methods for predicting the RUL of pump elements, which have become the subject of critical analysis and the main research method in this paper. The aim of the authors was to test and generalize modified multivariate regression methods for detecting pump malfunctions based on simulation modeling. Methods of multivariate regression with various variations of data are analyzed. Simulation modeling was carried out to assess their effectiveness and compare them with traditional methods of variable selection. With the help of a comparative analysis, the effectiveness of the approaches under consideration is demonstrated. The results of the RUL studies using modern multi-regression approaches show that with a small sample size, the SARRS method is the most accurate, and with a large sample size, the SPLS method is preferable, since the error in these cases will be the smallest. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the choice of the appropriate penalty when fitting a particular model.
A System for Evaluating the Admissibility of Rules for Intuitionistic Propositional Logic
Authors: Gheorghiu Alexander Victor
Published: May 2024

We give an evaluation system for the admissibility of rules in intuitionistic proportional logic. The system is based on recent work on the proof-theoretic semantics of IPL.
Experiments with Choice in Dependently-Typed Higher-Order Logic
Authors: Ranalter Daniel , Brown Chad , Kaliszyk Cezary
Published: May 2024

Recently an extension to higher-order logic — called DHOL — was introduced, enrich- ing the language with dependent types, and creating a powerful extensional type theory. In this paper we propose two ways how choice can be added to DHOL. We extend the DHOL term structure by Hilbert’s indefinite choice operator ε, define a translation of the choice terms to HOL choice that extends the existing translation from DHOL to HOL and show that the extension of the translation is complete and give an argument for soundness. We finally evaluate the extended translation on a set of dependent HOL problems that require choice.
Tree-Verifiable Graph Grammars
Authors: Chimes Mark , Iosif Radu , Zuleger Florian
Published: May 2024

Hyperedge-Replacement grammars (HR) have been introduced by Courcelle in order to extend the notion of context-free sets from words and trees to graphs of bounded tree-width. While for words and trees the syntactic restrictions that guarantee that the associated languages of words resp. trees are regular - and hence, MSO-definable - are known, the situation is far more complicated for graphs. Here, Courcelle proposed the notion of regular graph grammars, a syntactic restriction of HR grammars that guarantees the definability of the associated languages of graphs in Counting Monadic Second Order Logic (CMSO). However, these grammars are not complete in the sense that not every CMSO-definable set of graphs of bounded tree-width can be generated by a regular graph grammar. In this paper, we introduce a new syntactic restriction of HR grammars, called tree-verifiable graph grammars, and a new notion of bounded tree-width, called embeddable bounded tree-width, where the later restricts the trees of a tree-decomposition to be a subgraph of the analyzed graph. The main property of tree-verifiable graph grammars is that their associated languages are CMSO-definable and that they have bounded embeddable tree-width. We show further that they strictly generalize the regular graph grammars of Courcelle. Finally, we establish a completeness result, showing that every language of graphs that is CMSO-definable and of bounded embeddable tree-width can be generated by a tree-verifiable graph grammar.
Efficient and Verified Continuous Double Auctions
Authors: Garg Mohit , Sarswat Suneel
Published: May 2024

Continuous double auctions are commonly used to match orders at currency, stock, and commodities exchanges. A verified implementation of continuous double auctions is a useful tool for market regulators as they give rise to automated checkers that are guaranteed to detect errors in the trade logs of an existing exchange if they contain trades that violate the matching rules. We provide an efficient and formally verified implementation of continuous double auctions that takes O(nlogn) time to match n orders. This improves an earlier O(n2) verified implementation. We also prove a matching Ω(nlogn) lower bound on the running time for continuous double auctions. Our new implementation takes only a couple of minutes to run on ten million randomly generated orders as opposed to a few days taken by the earlier implementation. Our new implementation gives rise to an efficient automatic checker.

We use the Coq proof assistant for verifying our implementation and extracting a verified OCaml program. While using Coq’s standard library implementation of red-black trees to obtain our improvement, we observed that its specification has serious gaps, which we fill in this work; this might be of independent interest.
Automated Reasoning with Tangles: towards Quantum Verification Applications
Authors: Fish Andrew , Lisitsa Alexei
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate utility of generic automated reasoning (AR) methods in the com- putational topology domain, evidencing the benefit of the use of existing AR machinery within the domain on the one hand, whilst providing a pathway into a rich playground with potential to drive future AR requirements. We also progress towards quantum soft- ware verification contribution, via a recent proposal to use tangles as a representation of a certain class of quantum programs. The general methodology is, roughly speaking, to transform tasks of equivalence of topological objects (tangles) into equivalence of algebraic objects (pointed quandles) and those in turn translate into AR tasks. To enhance trust in automated checks, this can be followed by interpretation of AR outputs as human- readable output, either in symbolic algebraic form suitable for domain experts or ideally in visual topological form, potentially suitable for all. We provide formalisation via an appropriate class of labelled tangles (suitable for Quantum Verification) with associated algebraic invariants (pointed involutory quandles) and translate equivalence checking of these invariants to equational reasoning tasks. Furthermore, subsequent to automated proof creation for simple quantum verification (QV) examples, we demonstrate manual extraction of visual proof rules and visual equivalence, utilising proof graphs as a bridging step, progressing towards the automation of human-readable visual proofs.
On Symbolic Derivatives and Transition Regexes
Authors: Veanes Margus
Published: May 2024

Symbolic derivatives of extended regular expressions or regexes provide a mechanism for incremental unfolding of regexes into symbolic automata. The underlying representation is in form of so called transition regexes, that are particularly useful in the context of SMT for supporting lazy propagation of Boolean operations such as complement. Here we introduce symbolic derivatives of further operations on regexes, including fusion and lookaheads, that are currently not supported in the context of SMT but have been used in many application domains ranging from matching to temporal logic specifications. We argue that those operators could also be supported in the context of SMT and motivate why such direct support would be beneficial.
Hybrid Intersection Types for PCF
Authors: Barenbaum Pablo , Kesner Delia , Milicich Mariana
Published: May 2024

Intersection type systems have been independently applied to different evaluation strate- gies, such as call-by-name (CBN) and call-by-value (CBV). These type systems have been then generalized to different subsuming paradigms being able, in particular, to encode CBN and CBV in a unique unifying framework. However, there are no intersection type systems that explicitly enable CBN and CBV to cohabit together, without making use of an encoding into a common target framework.

This work proposes an intersection type system for a specific notion of evaluation for PCF, called PCFH. Evaluation in PCFH actually has a hybrid nature, in the sense that CBN and CBV operational behaviors cohabit together. Indeed, PCFH combines a CBV- like behavior for function application with a CBN-like behavior for recursion. This hybrid nature is reflected in the type system, which turns out to be sound and complete with respect to PCFH: not only typability implies normalization, but also the converse holds. Moreover, the type system is quantitative, in the sense that the size of typing derivations provides upper bounds for the length of the reduction sequences to normal form. This first type system is then refined to a tight one, offering exact information regarding the length of normalization sequences. This is the first time that a sound and complete quantitative type system has been designed for a hybrid computational model.
Minimizing Sorting Networks at the Sub-Comparator Level
Authors: Cruz-Filipe Luís , Schneider-Kamp Peter
Published: May 2024

Sorting networks are sorting algorithms that execute a sequence of operations indepen- dently of the input. Since they can be implemented directly as circuits, sorting networks are easy to implement in hardware – but they are also used often in software to improve performance of base cases of standard recursive sorting algorithms. For this purpose, they are translated into machine-code instructions in a systematic way.

Recently, a deep-learning system discovered better implementations than previously known of some sorting networks with up to 8 inputs. In this article, we show that all these examples are instances of a general pattern whereby some instructions are removed. We show that this removal can be done when a particular set of constraints on integers is satisfiable, and identify conditions where we can reduce this problem to propositional satisfiability. We systematically apply this general construction to improve the best-known implementations of sorting networks of size up to 128, which are the ones most commonly found in software implementations.
Saturating Sorting without Sorts
Authors: Georgiou Pamina , Hajdu Marton , Kovács Laura
Published: May 2024

We present a first-order theorem proving framework for establishing the correctness of functional programs implementing sorting algorithms with recursive data structures. We formalize the semantics of recursive programs in many-sorted first-order logic and integrate sortedness/permutation properties within our first-order formalization. Rather than focus- ing on sorting lists of elements of specific first-order theories, such as integer arithmetic, our list formalization relies on a sort parameter abstracting (arithmetic) theories and hence concrete sorts. We formalize the permutation property of lists in first-order logic so that we automatically prove verification conditions of such algorithms purely by superpositon- based first-order reasoning. Doing so, we adjust recent efforts for automating induction in saturation. We advocate a compositional approach for automating proofs by induction re- quired to verify functional programs implementing and preserving sorting and permutation properties over parameterized list structures. Our work turns saturation-based first-order theorem proving into an automated verification engine by (i) guiding automated inductive reasoning with manual proof splits and (ii) fully automating inductive reasoning in satu- ration. We showcase the applicability of our framework over recursive sorting algorithms, including Mergesort and Quicksort.
Rewriting and Inductive Reasoning
Authors: Hajdu Marton , Kovács Laura , Rawson Michael
Published: May 2024

Rewriting techniques based on reduction orderings generate “just enough” consequences to retain first-order completeness. This is ideal for superposition-based first-order theorem proving, but for at least one approach to inductive reasoning we show that we are miss- ing crucial consequences. We therefore extend the superposition calculus with rewriting- based techniques to generate sufficient consequences for automating induction in satura- tion. When applying our work within the unit-equational fragment, our experiments with the theorem prover Vampire show significant improvements for inductive reasoning.
Confluence for Proof-Nets via Parallel Cut Elimination
Authors: Guerrieri Giulio , Manara Giulia , Tortora de Falco Lorenzo , Vaux Auclair Lionel
Published: May 2024

We provide the first proof of confluence for cut elimination in multiplicative-exponential linear logic proof-nets that is not based on Newman’s lemma or strong normalization, not even indirectly. To achieve our goal, we take inspiration from Tait and Martin-Lof’s method based on parallel reduction for the lambda-calculus, even though the wilder realm of untyped proof-nets makes the proof subtler and more challenging.
Reasoning About Group Polarization: From Semantic Games to Sequent Systems
Authors: Freiman Robert , Olarte Carlos , Pimentel Elaine , Fermüller Christian
Published: May 2024

Group polarization, the phenomenon where individuals become more extreme after in- teracting, has been gaining attention, especially with the rise of social media shaping peo- ple’s opinions. Recent interest has emerged in formal reasoning about group polarization using logical systems. In this work we consider the modal logic PNL that captures the no- tion of agents agreeing or disagreeing on a given topic. Our contribution involves enhancing PNL with advanced formal reasoning techniques, instead of relying on axiomatic systems for analyzing group polarization. To achieve this, we introduce a semantic game tailored for (hybrid) extensions of PNL. This game fosters dynamic reasoning about concrete net- work models, aligning with our goal of strengthening PNL’s effectiveness in studying group polarization. We show how this semantic game leads to a provability game by systemically exploring the truth in all models. This leads to the first cut-free sequent systems for some variants of PNL. Using polarization of formulas, the proposed calculi can be modularly adapted to consider different frame properties of the underlying model.
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF THE STRUCTURE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PEPTIDE NANOTUBES
Authors: Ledeneva O. , Belova E. , Bystrov V.
Published: May 2024

The article presents calculations of dipole, polar and photoelectronic properties, as well as energy electronic levels of nanostructures based on diphenylalanine, diisoleucine and dileucine by AM1, PM3, RM1 methods of HyperChem software. The calculations performed in this article are necessary for the further use of peptide nanotubes for the detection of ozone holes, drug delivery or the creation of molecular machines. The work reveals that the electronic and optical properties of isoleucine and leucine-based nanotubes correspond to the properties of diphenylalanine nanotubes, which indicates the possibility of using dileucine and diisoleucine nanotubes on a par with diphenylalanine nanotubes. The spiral models created in the course of work are closer to real structures than ring models. We have identified the dependence of the polarization and energy of the HOMO-LUMO gap on the electric field strength.
NON-STEROID ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG MELOXICAM ATTENUATES THE EFFECT OF IMMUNOMODULATOR GLUTOXIM ON Na+ TRANSPORT IN FROG SKIN EPITHELIUM
Authors: Melnitskaya A. , Krutetskaya Z. , Antonov V. , Krutetskaya N. , Badulina V.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of redox regulation of transepithelial ion transport in osmoregulatory epithelium. The pharmacological analogue of oxidized glutathione, drug glutoxim®, has antioxidant and radioprotective properties and is widely used as an immunomodulator and cytoprotector in complex therapy of bacterial, viral and oncological diseases. Using voltage-clamp technique, the influence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam, an inhibitor of the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid oxidation, on glutoxim effect on Na+ transport in frog Rana temporaria skin was investigated. It was shown for the first time that frog skin preincubation with meloxicam significantly reduces the stimulatory effect of glutoxim on Na+ transport. The data obtained indicate the involvement of cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid oxidation in the effect of glutoxim on Na+ transport in frog skin epithelium. The results also contribute to a more detailed understanding of molecular mechanisms of pharmacological effect of glutoxim and meloxicam, and may be useful for their application in clinics.
FEATURES OF PHOTOBIOMODULATION DURING ONCOGENESIS DEPENDING ON THE INTENSITY OF OXIDATIVE PROCESSES IN THE ORGANISM OF RATS
Authors: Pozdnyakova M. , Zhukova E.
Published: May 2024

In work tested the hypothesis that the antitumor efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) depends on the intensity of oxidative modification of macromolecules. The level of oxidative processes in the body was judged by the content of ROS-induced products of lipid, protein, and DNA modification, as well as the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in biological tissues and fluids. It is proposed to use the behavioral activity of animals in the "open field" test as a non-invasive indicator for predicting the biological effects of photobiomodulation, indirectly reflecting the degree of oxidative stress in the body. It was shown that the level of behavioral activity correlates with SOD activity in the liver (ρ=0.8, p < 0.03, Spearman's test). Among laboratory rats, animals with passive, moderately active and highly active types of behavior can be distinguished. Each type is characterized by different severity of oxidative processes, growth dynamics of model solid tumors, and response to PBM in the violet-blue and red regions of the spectrum. Intraperitoneal exposure to ozonized saline with an ozone concentration of 0.16 μg/kg modulates the antitumor effect of PBM. It is concluded that the effectiveness of PMB during oncogenesis depends on the intensity of oxidative processes in the body and is interrelated with the behavioral characteristics of rats.
COMPARISON OF MELATONIN PHOTODEGRADATION BETWEEN SUNLIGHT AND UV IRRADIATION
Authors: Barrera Quiroz R. , Ernandes Sant'yago Adrian , Zenteno Mateo B. , Gonzalez Fuentes M. , Mendez Albores A. , Mendez Albores E.
Published: May 2024

Melatonin is synthesized mainly in the pineal gland, retina, digestive tract, and skin. This hormone is widely prescribed for therapeutic applications such as treating circadian rhythm, intercontinental flight dysrhythmia (jet lag syndrome), and sleep disorders. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the consumption of this hormone was increased up to 300% in doses higher than 5 mg day because it was used to treat insomnia and as an adjunct to treat SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, this hormone is expected to be present in surface water bodies as a pollutant. Although it is reported that melatonin can be photolabile, its photochemistry has not been exhaustively studied. For this reason, the photodegradation of melatonin in solution was evaluated in this work. Solutions of 20 and 500 μM of melatonin dissolved in water were exposed to sunlight and UVA irradiation, and the degradation was monitored by spectrophotometry and total organic carbon.
Utilidad de GeneXpert MTB/RIF en el diagnóstico de tuberculosis frente a la baciloscopia - Utility of GeneXpert MTB/RIF in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Compared to Sputum Smear Microscopy
Authors: Chanataxi Lugmania Jessica Carolina , Asimbaya Alvarado Danny
Published: May 2024

Introducción: La implementación de un método diagnóstico adecuado y eficiente es crucial para la detección temprana de la tuberculosis. Esto no solo permite un control efectivo de la enfermedad para evitar su transmisión y progresión hacia estadios más graves, además previene el desarrollo de resistencia a los fármacos en los pacientes.
Objetivo: Evaluar la utilidad de la prueba molecular GeneXpert MTB/RIF en el diagnóstico de Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, en comparación con la baciloscopia, utilizando el cultivo como referencia.
Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y no experimental de corte transversal, se incluyeron 253 muestras de pacientes de ambos sexos y de variados rangos de edad, que fueron evaluadas mediante baciloscopia, GeneXpert MTB/RIF y cultivo. El estudio se centró en muestras procesadas en un Hospital público de la ciudad de Quito durante el período de enero de 2021 a mayo de 2022
Resultados: La prueba molecular GeneXpert MTB/RIF mostró una sensibilidad del 94,7% y una especificidad del 93,9% para el diagnóstico de Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Además, se identificó un caso de resistencia a la rifampicina.
Conclusión: Este estudio confirma la eficacia de la prueba molecular GeneXpert MTB/RIF sobre la baciloscopia para el diagnóstico oportuno de Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Sin embargo, es esencial considerar las diversas condiciones de las muestras y pacientes para optimizar la precisión diagnóstica.
Cáncer de mama en el hombre. Reporte de caso- Breast cancer in men. Case report
Authors: Bombón-Caizaluisa Marco Fabricio , Malatay-González Carlos , Noboa-Velastegui Domenica
Published: May 2024

Introducción: El cáncer de mama masculino es una patología infrecuente que representa menos del 1% de la patología mamaria maligna, con una edad media de diagnóstico de 67 años. Tiene un peor pronóstico que el cáncer de mama femenino debido a su alto origen genético y baja sospecha, desencadenando diagnósticos inadecuados y tardíos, y disminuyendo la supervivencia a mediano y largo plazo.
Objetivo: Describir el caso clínico de un paciente masculino con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama, abordando la presentación clínica, los métodos diagnósticos, el tratamiento oncoespecífico, y la evolución clínica y quirúrgica.
Presentación del caso: Se presenta un paciente masculino de 52 años, con evidencia de lesión exofítica en mama derecha más ganglio axilar ipsilateral, con diagnóstico confirmado de patología de cáncer de mama estadio clínico cT4bN1Mx. Se plantea un manejo multidisciplinario: quimioterapia neoadyuvante y mastectomía radical derecha. Finalmente recibe tratamiento oncoespecífico y radioterapia con evolución favorable.
Discusión: El cáncer de mama masculino tiene una baja incidencia respecto a la mujer, por lo que su sospecha diagnóstica se ve limitada. En etapas iniciales el diagnóstico es inespecífico debido a las pocas manifestaciones clínicas, pero deberá respaldarse en métodos imagenológicos, análisis anatomopatológico e inmunohistoquímico para guiar el tratamiento oncoespecífico.
Conclusión: El cáncer de mama masculino posee una sospecha diagnóstica limitada que requiere un manejo multidisciplinario específico. La correcta estadificación de la patología depende del seguimiento clínico y un análisis inmunohistoquímico oportuno, para un tratamiento adecuado con mejores resultados clínicos y altas tasas de supervivencia.
INFLUÊNCIA DAS ALTAS TEMPERATURAS NA RESISTÊNCIA À COMPRESSÃO DO COMPÓSITO REJEITO DE MINÉRIO DE FERRO/CIMENTO
Authors: Carrasco Edgar Vladimiro Mantilla , Mantilla Judy Norka Rodo , Carvalho Eliene Pires , Rezende Marco Antônio Penido de , Alves Rejane Costa , Barbosa Maria Teresa Gomes , Santos White José dos
Published: May 2024

O objetivo desse estudo é analisar a resistência à compressão e a perda de massa de argamassas produzidas com rejeito de minério de ferro (IOT) e com cimento, quando submetidas a elevadas temperaturas. Os corpos de prova (CPs) foram expostos a diferentes níveis de temperatura (100 oC até 1100 oC). Posteriormente, foram ensaios à compressão axial. Os resultados mostraram que, com o aumento da temperatura, houve perda da resistência. A perda de resistência mostrou-se linear e, mais rápida a partir dos 350 oC. Os CPs submetidos a 1100 oC apresentaram uma perda de resistência de 80%, porém a perda de massa foi inferior a 5%. Uma das contribuições desse estudo, corroborando com as pesquisas atuais, é ressaltar a importância dos compósitos (IOT/cimento) como uma alternativa sustentável e economicamente viável, uma vez que o rejeito de minério de ferro é gerado em grande quantidade durante o processo de beneficiamento. Outra contribuição é mostrar que esses compósitos podem resultar em argamassas com considerável redução da resistência à compressão e pequena perda de massa, quando submetidas a temperaturas elevadas. Também ressaltar que eles atendem a todos os requisitos de desempenho e segurança em situações de incêndio, podendo ser considerado um produto incombustível.
The Effect of Particle Size of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Bentonite Clay Mixture on the Radiation Shielding: A Monte Carlo Study
Authors: Manici Tuğba , Algün Gökhan , Akçay Namık , Demir Bayram
Published: May 2024

Due to the harmful effects of ionizing radiation, shielding has become a crucial topic for radiation protection. Finding effective, non-toxic and low-cost shielding materials is imperative in ensuring the safety of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation. Whether a material is effective in shielding against radiation depends on the linear attenuation coefficient. In this study, linear attenuation coefficients were calculated using the MCNPX code for energy values of 81 keV (Ba-133), 140 keV (Tc-99m), 662 keV (Cs-137), 1173 keV, and 1332 keV (Co-60) by incorporating Bentonite Clay (BC) nanoparticles and micro-sized particles as additives into a Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) matrix. BC particles with a density of 50% were added to the PVA matrix using LAT and U cards. Simulations were performed with a mono-energetic source emitting 107 particles and a narrow beam geometry, and the counts of particles with diameters of 50 nanometers and 50 micrometers were calculated using the F4 tally. When the results obtained from the simulation were compared, it was observed that as the diameters of the added particles decreased, their effectiveness in radiation shielding increased for each energy value. Among them, the 50 nm BC particles added at a rate of 50% in PVA showed the highest effect at 1332 keV, with a 9.5% increase compared to 50 µm BC particles.
Moduli Space for Invariant Solutions of Seiberg-Witten Equations
Authors: Uğuz Muhiddin
Published: May 2024

In this work we study the G-invariant solutions of the Seiberg-Witten equations when G is a cyclic group acting on a manifold M, preserving the metric and the orientation. G is assumed to have a lift to principle 〖Spin〗^c bundle which gives rise to Seiberg-Witten equations in question. In this work, we prove that when the dimension b_+^G of the G-fixed points of harmonic two forms is positive, for a generic choice of an element in this fixed point set, the moduli space of invariant solutions of Seiberg-Witten equations is a compact, smooth and oriented manifold of dimension d^G=ind D_A^G-b_+^G-1.
Penyelenggaraan Kajian Kitab Kuning Atau Dirasah Islamiyah Analisis Terhadap Pasal 13 Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2019
Authors: Mu'minin Maulida Ummul , Mukhlis Mukhlis , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin
Published: May 2024

Kitab kuning merupakan faktor penting yang menjadi karakteristik Pondok Pesantren (Ponpes). Artikel ini membahas penyelenggaraan Kitab Kuning atau di rasa islamiyah di dalam Pondok pesantren. Pembahasan difokuskan pada kajian kitab kuning dan penerapannya dalam pembelajaran, serta pengembangan dari kajian kitab kuning. Beberapa metode yang lazimnya digunakan di pondok-pondok Salaf, menggunakan metode klasik, yaitu metode sorogan, bandongan, wetonan, halaqoh, diskusi, demonstrasi, dan tanya jawab. Penerapan metode-metode dalam pembelajaran kitab kuning didasarkan kesesuaian metode yang akan digunakan dengan mata pelajaran yang akan diajarkan. Keberhasilan suatu metode yang diterapkan dalam pembelajaran kitab kuning di Pondok diukur dengan menggunakan beberapa cara di antaranya adalah dengan menguji secara langsung. Hendaknya tradisi pesantren Salaf tetap dapat dipertahankan dan selanjutnya memasukkan tradisi pesantren khalaf yang lebih baik, pemilihan metode yang tepat guna supaya memberikan dampak positif bagi kemajuan pendidikan pesantren sehingga akan muncul lulusan-lulusan terbaik yang betul-betul menjaga nama baik pesantren.
Minat Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Terhadap Profesi Guru
Authors: Munawir Munawir , Agustina Siti Rodliyah Eka , Faiqoh Elok , Maulidia Nur Fariha
Published: May 2024

Mahasiswa Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (PGMI) diarahkan menjadi seorang guru MI yang berkompeten, namun faktanya tak semua mahasiswa berminat menjadi guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis minat mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah terhadap profesi guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa program studi PGMI UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya angkatan 2019 dan 2020 berjumlah 138 orang. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data penelitian yaitu melalui penyebaran angket dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 45 orang atau 33% masuk kategori sangat berminat, 86 orang atau 62% masuk kategori berminat, 6 orang atau 4% masuk kategori cukup berminat, dan 1 orang atau 1% masuk kategori tidak berminat, data pendukung berasal dari indeks prestasi kumulatif yang bagus dan dominasi nilai A+ pada mata kuliah microteaching. Dari hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya dominan yang berminat dengan profesi guru.
Strengthening The Profile of Pancasila Students in Philosophical Ki Hajar Dewantara
Authors: Setiyadi Muhammad Wahyu , Atmadja Anantawikrama Tungga , Suastra I Wayan
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the definition of strengthening the profile of pancasisla students in the perspective of the philosophy of Ki Hajar Dewantara. This type of research is quantitative research with the method used is literature review. The educational values of Ki Hajar Dewantara are contained in the profile of pancasila students in the independent curriculum. The concept of Ki Hajar Dewantara Education is liberating education. The meaning of freedom is that everyone has the right to choose anything according to their needs and abilities without coercion, and must respect each other's independence so that it is in accordance with the educational philosophy that was triggered. Pancasila Student Profile is a form of implementation of national education goals which refers to educational policies as guidelines for educators in shaping the character of Indonesian students who continue to be maintained throughout their lives who are equipped with competence, character and behave in accordance with the values of Pancasila in the independent curriculum. There are 6 profiles of Pancasila students, namely faith, global diversity, cooperation, independence, critical and creative thinking.
Respon Mahasiswa Terhadap Pemanfaatan Elearning Sebagai Media Pembelajaran
Authors: Garung Etheldreda Rosari , Kaleka Yohanis Umbu , Suluh Melkianus , Deke Oktavianus , Saghu Yustina Sriyutun
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis respon mahasiswa terhadap pemanfaatan Elearning sebagai media pembelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif yang melibatkan 23 orang mahasiswa sebagai reponden penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan angket. Sebelum angket disebarkan terlebih dahulu dilakukan validasi ahli. Teknik analisis data berupa penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan hasil penelitian. Respon mahasiswa ditinjau dari 4 skala aspek penilaian yakni aspek efektif,aspek interaktif, aspek efisien dan aspek kreatif. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa respon mahasiswa terhadap pemanfaatan media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi diperoleh rata-rata sebagai berikut Media Tes berbasis Google Form sebesar 62% dengan Kategori Baik, media pembelajaran TTS berbasis puzzle discovery education sebesar 70% dengan kategori baik, media pembelajaran Game berbasis Wordwall sebesar 72% dengan kategori Baik dan Media Kuis berbasis Bamboozle sebesar 69% dengan Kategori Baik.
Metode Penelitian dan Pengembangan (R&D): Konsep, Jenis, Tahapan dan Kelebihan
Authors: Waruwu Marinu
Published: May 2024

Penelitian merupakan salah satu cara ilmiah untuk mengatasi permasalahan hidup manusia. Dalam menjawab permasalahan hidup manusia, setiap penelitian menggunakan prosedur tertentu. Salah satunya adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Penelitian pengembangan merupakan salah satu alternatif prosedur penelitian untuk menjawab persoalan hidup manusia. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis konsep, jenis, tahapan, dan kelebihan penelitian pengembangan. Teknik pengumpulan data penulisan ini melalui kajian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan systematic literature review. Data dikumpulkan melalui review terhadap teori dan hasil penelitian pengembangan terdahulu. Sumber literature review adalah buku, jurnal nasional dan internasional. Analisis data dilakukan melalui content analysis, yaitu pembahasan mendalam terhadap teori yang relevan dan menarik kesimpulan berdasarkan data-data tersebut. Hasil kajian literatur menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan prosedur penelitian pengembangan dalam penelitian ilmiah bertujuan untuk menghasilkan inovasi baru berupa produk atau model. Perancangan produk atau model diawali dari analisis masalah, desain dan pengembangan, implementasi dan evaluasi. Karena telah melalui proses validasi dan uji coba berkali-kali, produk atau model yang dihasilkan memiliki tingkat kebaharuan dan efektifitas yang tinggi.