bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parental Experiences of Distance Learning in Families With and Without an Adolescent With ADHD/ASD: A Large Qualitative Survey Study
Authors: Thorell Lisa B , Klint Carlander Anna-Karin , Demetry Youstina , Marainen Lisa , Nilsson Sarah , Skoglund Charlotte
Published: February 2024

One of the greatest COVID-19 related challenges for children and their families was managing distance learning due to school closures. We also know from previous research that families with a child with a neurodevelopmental disorder such as ADHD or ASD were struggling more than others, but also experiences some positive effects. However, few qualitative studies have been conducted. The present study therefore aimed to investigate parental experiences of negative and positive effects of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large sample of families with an adolescent with ADHD and/or ASD and a matched comparison group (n = 682). Data was collected through open-ended questions as part of a larger survey study. Five main themes, with different sub-themes were identified for both negative and positive effects: 1) Teaching, 2) Social, 3) Support, 4) Child factors, and 5) Home environment. In addiction, the main themes “Technical problems” were identified for negative effects. Families with a child with ADHD/ASD reported negative effects related to “Child factors” and “Support” more frequently than the controls, as well as negative effects related to some aspects of “Teaching” and “Technical problems”. Regarding positive effects, significant group differences were primarily found for the theme “Child factors”. These findings are discussed botn in terms of how to best prepare for possible future pandemics, but also how to best provide educational support for children with ADHD and/or ASD when schools are open.
Synergistic Effects of Chemotherapy and Phototherapy on Ovarian Cancer Using Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor-Mediated Liposomes Co-Loaded with SN38 and IR820
Authors: Pian Lina , Zeng Bowen , Wang Nuoya , Wang Shuangqing , Wu Hao , Wan Hongshuang , Chen Liqing , Huang Wei , Gao Zhonggao , Jin Dan , Jin Mingji
Published: February 2024

We developed an ovarian cancer-targeted drug delivery system based on a follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) peptide. The lipophilic chemotherapeutic drug SN38 and the photosensitizer IR820 were loaded into the phospholipid bilayer of liposomes. Near-infrared laser irradiation stimulated the generation of reactive oxygen species, causing short-term reactive molecular species and spatial-temporal restricted photodamage to the biological targets. The reactive molecular species and spatial-temporal restricted photodamage enhanced the release and uptake of chemotherapy drugs and increased the sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs in ovarian cancer cells. FSH liposomes loaded with SN38 and IR820 (SN38/IR820-Lipo@FSH) were prepared using thin-film hydration-sonication. FSH peptide binding was analyzed using 1H NMR spectrum and Maldi-Tof. The average size and zeta potential of SN38/IR820-Lipo@FSH were 105.1 ± 1.15 nm (PDI: 0.204 ± 0.03) and −27.8 ± 0.42 mV, respectively. SN38/IR820-Lipo@FSH exhibited good drug-loading properties and the in vitro release was slow. FSH significantly increased the uptake of liposomes, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis in A2780 cells. Moreover, SN38/IR820-Lipo@FSH exhibited good tumor-targeting ability and anti-ovarian cancer activity in vivo. The SN38/IR820-Lipo@FSH exhibited specific targeting to A2780 ovarian cancer cells. The combination of chemotherapy and photodynamic treatment based on an FSH peptide-targeted delivery system may be an effective approach to treating ovarian cancer.
Endoscopic Diagnosis of Small Bowel Tumor
Authors: Yano Tomonori , Yamamoto Hironori
Published: February 2024

Recent technological advances, including capsule endoscopy (CE) and balloon-assisted endoscopy (BAE), have revealed that small intestinal disease is more common than previously thought. CE has advantages including, high diagnostic yield, discom-fort-free, outpatient basis, and physiological images. BAE enabled endoscopic diagnosis and treatment in the deep small bowel. Computed tomography (CT) enterography with negative oral contrast can evaluate masses, wall thickening, and narrowing of the small intestine. In addition, Enhanced CT can detect abnormalities outside the gastrointestinal tract that endoscopy cannot evalu-ate. Each modality has its advantages and disadvantages, and a good combination of multiple modalities leads to an accurate diagnosis. As a first-line modality, three-phase enhanced CT is preferred. If CT shows a mass, stenosis, or wall thickening, a BAE should be selected. If there are no abnormal findings on CT and no obstructive symptoms, CE should be selected. If there are sig-nificant findings in the CE, determine the indication for BAE and its insertion route based on these findings. Early diagnosis of small intestinal tumors is essential for favorable outcomes. For early diagnosis, the possibility of small bowel lesions should be considered in patients with unexplained symptoms and signs after examination of the upper and lower gastro-intestinal tract.
Beyond Small Molecules: Antibodies and peptides for Fibroblast Activation Protein Targeting Radiopharmaceuticals
Authors: Sun Xiaona , Wu Yuxuan , Wang Xingkai , Gao Xin , Zhang Siqi , Sun Zhicheng , Liu Ruping , Hu Kuan
Published: February 2024

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a serine protease characterized by its high expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and near absence in adult normal tissues and benign lesions. This unique expression pattern positions FAP as a prospective biomarker for targeted tumor radiodiagnosis and therapy. The advent of FAP-based radiotheranostics is anticipated to revolu-tionize cancer management. Among various types of FAP ligands, peptides and antibodies, have shown advantages over small molecules, exemplifying prolonged tumor retention in human volunteers. Within its scope, this review summarizes the recent research progress of the FAP radiopharmaceuticals based on antibodies and peptides, on tumor imaging and therapy. Additionally, it incorporates insights from recent studies, providing valuable perspectives on the clinical utility of FAP-targeted radiopharmaceuticals.
Recetas castellanas medievales sobre el trabajo de la cera.
Authors: Criado Vega Teresa
Published: February 2024

El fin del presente trabajo es dar a conocer una serie de recetas, localizadas, en los fondos españoles. Temáticamente, pertenecen al mundo de la candelería y de la cerería. Nos describen, de una parte, como se hace la cera de color (blanca, roja y verde) y su utilidad, y, de otra, como se fabrican las velas, tanto de sebo como de cera. Se caracterizan por su brevedad, enumeran las sustancias a la vez que describen el proceso. Se asemejan entre ellas en la metodología empleada y se diferencian en las materias. La brevedad se rompe en el Libro de los Oficios de Guadalupe, se trata de una ordenanza, y no de una receta. Aprovechando la ocasión, hemos hablado de las materias primas (cera y sebo), de los métodos que se usan para elaborar los distintos sistemas de iluminación y de las ordenanzas; dentro de estas destacamos el fraude. Por último, estudiamos el pabilo o torcida, concretamente: la materia prima y el grosor que debe presentar.
Los no privilegiados ante la muerte: el caso de Córdoba a finales del siglo XV.
Authors: Navarro Gavilán Blanca
Published: February 2024

Este estudio versa sobre la muerte en Córdoba entre las capas sociales medias y bajas, basándose en el análisis de actas testamentarias de la segunda mitad del siglo XY conservadas en el Archivo Histórico Provincial de Córdoba. Los testamentos permiten conocer cómo sentían, actuaban y reaccionaban estos grupos sociales ante la proximidad de la muerte -tanto propia como ajena-, además de aportar interesantes datos sobre diversos aspectos de su vida cotidiana, tal y como presentamos en este artículo.
Fundamentos teóricos de la restauración del Castillo de Almodóvar del Río (Córdoba).
Authors: García del Junco Francisco
Published: February 2024

El castillo de Almodóvar del Rio (Córdoba), con construcciones del siglo VIII al XX, fue restaurado por el arquitecto Adolfo Fernández Casanova en el primer tercio del siglo XX. La restauración estuvo muy lejos de los postulados de Viollet-le-Duc. Se respetó su fisonomía original, no se tomaron libertades carentes de rigor histórico y no fue un campo de pruebas para una intervención sin escrúpulos. Casanova optó por un criterio lento, caro y riguroso: el defendido por el italiano Camilo Boito cuyos postulados él mismo compartía.
Apuntes topográficos de Al-yiha al-Sharquiyya.
Authors: Rodero Pérez Santiago
Published: February 2024

En estas páginas exponemos los resultados obtenidos durante la intervención arqueológica desarrollada en la c/ Mayor de Santa Marina donde pudimos apreciar, como a lo largo del devenir histórico del solar se suceden distintas fases de la ocupa¬ción de un hábitat doméstico desde su génesis en época islámica hasta nuestros días.
La mujer en la documentación económica del siglo XIII: los fondos documentales del Monasterio de Santa María de Aguilar del Campoo
Authors: González de la Peña María del Val
Published: February 2024

Este artículo pretende presentar aquellos documentos económicos del siglo XIII en los que las mujeres aparecen realizando transacciones comerciales. Hemos analizado más de 600 documentos pertenecientes al que fuera monasterio de Santa María la Real, de Aguilar de Campoo y sus alrededores, y los tipos de negocios en los que las mujeres participaron.
Plan de negocios para comercialización vía online de un collar GPS para mascotas en Lima metropolitana
Authors:   , Alvarado Villanueva Jose Luis Maicu , Alves Vieira Mirella , Ñaupari Rodriguez Nuri Milissa , Tolentino Maucaille Pierina , Tolosana Estirado Emilio Jose
Published: February 2024

Este plan de negocios establece las estrategias clave para lanzar y hacer crecer una empresa de collares con GPS para mascotas. Mediante un análisis exhaustivo del entorno y el uso de herramientas estratégicas como la matriz de Ansoff, BCG, el reloj estratégico de Bowman y el análisis CAME, hemos identificado las estrategias más adecuadas. En el área de marketing, hemos desarrollado estrategias tradicionales y digitales para diferenciarnos y posicionar nuestra marca en el mercado objetivo. En operaciones, hemos establecido un plan de ejecución y seguimiento para garantizar una operación eficiente. En recursos humanos, hemos diseñado estrategias para atraer, seleccionar y retener talento. En términos legales, hemos cumplido con los requisitos y establecido los cronogramas de implementación. En tecnologías de la información, hemos identificado las necesidades tecnológicas y seleccionado las herramientas adecuadas para optimizar nuestras operaciones y garantizar la seguridad. En finanzas, hemos elaborado un presupuesto detallado y evaluado la viabilidad económica del proyecto. Este plan proporciona una guía estratégica sólida para el desarrollo y crecimiento de nuestra empresa de collares con GPS para mascotas. Nuestras estrategias están respaldadas por un análisis profundo del entorno y una comprensión clara de nuestros objetivos, incluyendo aspectos financieros para garantizar la viabilidad y rentabilidad del negocio.
RETRACTED: Prophylactic effect of curcumin against long-term and high-dose tartrazine-induced structural, biochemical, and genetic alteration in male rats
Authors: Laila Ibrahim Ibrahim , Diab Marwa Mohamed , Mohamed Samar kassem
Published: February 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Invasion Alters Plant and Mycorrhizal Communities in an Alpine Tussock Grassland
Authors: Moyle Darby M , Deslippe Julie R
Published: February 2024

Plant invasions now impact even the world’s most remote ecosystems, including alpine zones, altering key mutualisms that affect ecosystem functions. Plant-mycorrhizal associations can be sensitive to invasion, but previous studies have been limited in the types of mycorrhizas examined, favouring invaders that host arbuscular mycorrhizas or are non-mycorrhizal. Consequently, little is known about how invaders that host other types of mycorrhizas may affect community and ecosystem properties. We studied invasion by an ericoid mycorrhizal host plant (Calluna vulgaris L., heather) in alpine tussock grasslands in New Zealand. We investigate the effects of increasing C. vulgaris density on the plant and soil microbial community and on mycorrhization in the dominant native species (Chionochloa rubra Z., red tussock), an arbuscular mycorrhizal host. We show that variation in plant community composition among sites was driven by C. vulgaris density. Higher densities of C. vulgaris were associated with a reduced diameter of C. rubra plants and lower densities of neighbouring plant species, especially woody shrubs. Belowground, we show that higher densities of C. vulgaris were associated with lower rates of mycorrhization in native C. rubra and higher abundances of the fungal fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) biomarker but had little effect on the total microbial community biomass, suggesting that increased ericoid mycorrhizal fungal biomass increased the ratio of fungi relative to bacteria in high C. vulgaris density stands. By exploring invasion of a plant with an atypical mycorrhizal type, our study expands knowledge of the ecosystem consequences of biological invasions.
Peripheral skin cooling during Hypergravity: Neuroendocrine, leucocytic and hematological reactions
Authors: Nordine Michael , Kagelmann Niklas , Kloka Jan , Gunga Hanns-Christian , Heinz Viktor , Pilz Niklas , Opatz Oliver , Bothe Tomas
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Optimal neuroendocrine responses, particularly noradrenergic responses, are critical during hypergravity (+ Gz) exposure. Peripheral skin cooling (PSC) has the potential to enhance noradrenergic function, which could improve + Gz resiliency and may also affect leukocyte and hematologic factors. We predicted that PSC would augment cumulative + Gz stress index (CGSI) neuroendocrine, leukocyte and hematologic activity compared to controls, and that CGSI would shift to a noradrenergic dependency in PSC compared to controls.
Methods
18 men in a cross-over design underwent a graded + Gz profile. PSC was applied using Arctic Sun cooling pads around the thighs with 8°C water infusion. Neuroendocrine parameters and a complete blood profile with differential were obtained before and after + Gz. CGSI was calculated as + Gz * seconds. Pre / post comparisons were made within the groups with paired t-tests and between groups with independent t-tests. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed between CGSI and neuroendocrine/leukocyte/hematological parameters.
Results
CSGI did not differ between groups. In both groups, all neuroendocrine, leukocyte and hematological factors changed significantly from pre to post + Gz, except for serum osmolality, which increased only in PSC (p = 0.03). In PSC, CGSI correlated with noradrenaline (p < 0.01, r = 0.71), metanephrine (p = 0.02, r = -0.54), neutrophiles (p = 0.03, r = 0.51), and thrombocytes (p = 0.04, r = 0.48), while in controls, CGSI correlated with metanephrine (p = 0.02, r = -0.54). Pre + Gz metanephrine correlated with CGSI in both groups.
Discussion
PSC did not confer a higher CGSI nor induce a greater neuroendocrine, leukocytic or hematologic response compared to controls. However, the increase in serum osmolality may indicate increased vasopressin activity. The strong correlations between CGSI and norepinephrine in PSC suggest that despite equal average serum levels, the responsiveness of norepinephrine is enhanced. This may serve as an optimal cardio-protective countermeasure for manned space missions and possible ICU patients. The correlations between neutrophiles and thrombocytes in PSC suggest a leukocytic and hematologic involvement in CSGI. In addition, this is the first study to demonstrate that baseline serum metanephrine may serve as a potential neuroendocrine parameter to assess + Gz resilience.
Partitioned polygenic risk scores identify distinct types of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Romeo Stefano , Jamialahmadi Oveis , De Vincentis Antonio , Tavaglione Federica , Malvestiti Francesco , Li-Gao Ruifang , Mancina Rosellina , Alvarez Marcus , Gelev Kyla , Maurotti Samantha , Vespasiani-Gentilucci Umberto , Rosendaal Frits , Kozlitina Julia , Pajukanta Päivi , Pattou François , Valenti Luca
Published: February 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) encompasses an excess of triglycerides in the liver, which can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. While there is solid epidemiological evidence of MASLD coexisting with cardiometabolic disease, several leading genetic risk factors for MASLD do not increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, suggesting no causal relationship between MASLD and cardiometabolic derangement. In this work, we leveraged measurements of visceral adiposity and identified 27 novel genetic loci associated with MASLD. Among these loci, we replicated 6 in several independent cohorts. Next, we generated two partitioned polygenic risk scores (PRS) based on the mechanism of genetic association with MASLD encompassing intra-hepatic lipoprotein retention. The two PRS suggest the presence of at least two distinct types of MASLD, one confined to the liver resulting in a more aggressive liver disease and one that is systemic and results in a higher risk of cardiometabolic disease.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Screened by the Rapid Response Team and Transferred to Intensive Care Unit in South Korea
Authors: Nam Yunha , Kang Byung Ju , Hong Sang-Bum , Jeon Kyeongman , Lee Dong-Hyun , Kim Jung Soo , Park Jisoo , Lee Sang-Min , Lee Song I
Published: February 2024

Background
The rapid response system (RRS) is associated with a reduction in in-hospital mortality. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and outcomes of patients transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) by a rapid response team (RRT).
Methods
This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included patients from nine hospitals in South Korea. Adult patients who were admitted to the general ward (GW) and required RRS activation were included. Patients with do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders and without lactate level or Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score were excluded.
Results
A total of 8,228 patients were enrolled, 3,379 were transferred to the ICU. The most common reasons for RRT activation were respiratory distress, sepsis and septic shock. The number of patients who underwent intervenions, the length of hospital stay, 28-day mortality, and in-hospital mortality were higher in the ICU group than in the GW group. Factors that could affect both 28-day and in-hospital mortality included the severity score, low PaO2/FiO2 ratio, higher lactate and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and hospitalization time prior to RRT activation.
Conclusion
ICU transfer after RRT activation does not significantly affect patient outcomes, highlighting the need for more individualized patient assessments to better individualize ICU transfer and related interventions.
Combination of multiple omics and machine learning identifies diagnostic genes for ARDS and COVID-19
Authors: Tian Chuanxi , Guo Yikun , Guan Huifang , Ma Kaile , Hao Rui , Zhu Wei , Zhao Jinyue , Li Min
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common acute clinical syndrome of the respiratory system with a high mortality rate and difficult prognosis.COVID-19 is a serious respiratory infectious disease caused by coronaviruses in a global pandemic. Some studies have suggested a possible association between COVID-19 and ARDS, but few studies have investigated the mechanism of interaction between them.
METHODS
Microarray data of ARDS (GSE32707 and GSE66890) and COVID-19 (GSE213313) were downloaded from the GEO database and searched for common differential genes for enrichment analysis.WGCNA was used to identify co-expression modules and genes associated with ARDS and COVID-19. RF and LASSO were performed for candidate gene identification. Machine learning XGBoost improved the diagnosis of hub genes in ARDS and COVID-19. The degree of immune cell infiltration in ARDS and COVID-19 samples was assessed using the CIBERSORT algorithm, and the relationship between hub genes and infiltrating immune cells was investigated. Changes in pathway activity per cell were visualized using Seurat standard flow down clustering (seurat) to visualize peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from patients with sepsis-combined ARDS and patients with sepsis alone.
RESULTS
Limma difference analysis identified 314 up-regulated genes and 241 down-regulated genes in ARDS and COVID-19.WGCNA identified the purple-red co-expression module as the core module of ARDS and COVID-19. Five candidate genes, namely HIST1H2BK, TCF4, OLFM4, KIF14 and HK1, were screened using two machine learning algorithms, RF and LASSO. XGBoost constructed diagnostic models to evaluate the hub genes with high diagnostic efficacy in ARDS and COVID-19. Single-cell sequencing revealed the presence of alterations in five immune subpopulations, including monocytes, B cells, T cells, NK cells and platelets, with high expression levels and cellular occupancy of TCF4 and HK1, which are involved in oxidative reactions.
Managing diabetes with nanomedicine: nanoMIL-89 as a promising drug delivery system for metformin.
Authors: Mohamed Hana , Mohamed Nura , Macasa Shantelle , Basha Hamda , Adan Adna , Marei Isra , Ding Hong , Triggle Christopher , Crovella Sergio , Abou-Saleh Haissam
Published: February 2024

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by metabolic defects, including insulin deficiency and resistance. Individuals with diabetes are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular complications, such as atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and hypertension. Conventional treatment methods, though effective, are often challenging, costly, and may lead to systemic side effects. This study explores the potential of nanomedicine applications, specifically Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), as drug carriers to overcome these limitations. The Materials Institute Lavoisier-89 nanoparticles (nanoMIL-89) have previously demonstrated promise as a drug delivery vehicle for chronic diseases due to their anti-oxidant and cardio-protective properties. In this investigation, nanoMIL-89 was loaded with the anti-diabetic drug metformin (MET), creating MET@nanoMIL-89 formulation.
We examined the drug release kinetics of MET@nanoMIL-89 over 96 hours and assessed its impact on the viability of various endothelial cells. Furthermore, we investigated the nanoformulation effect on inflammatory markers in these cells and explored its influence on phosphorylated eNOS, total eNOS, and AKT levels. Our findings indicate that nanoMIL-89 effectively released metformin over 96 hours and caused a concentration-dependent reduction in CXCL-8 release from endothelial cells. Notably, MET@nanoMIL-89 reduced dihydroethidium levels and increased phosphorylated eNOS, total eNOS, and AKT levels.
Our results underscore the potential of nanoMIL-89 as a versatile potential drug delivery platform for anti-diabetic drugs, offering a prospective therapeutic approach for diabetic patients with associated cardiovascular complications.
Three spectrophotometric quantitative analysis of bisoprolol fumarate and telmisartan in fixed-dose combination utilizing ratio spectra manipulation methods
Authors: Sattar Osama I. Abdel , Abuseada Hamed H. M. , Ramzy Sherif , Abuelwafa Mahmoud M.
Published: February 2024

Hypertension is a common chronic disease that requires several treatment regimens. As a result, limiting the dosage of these medications is critical to patient compliance. Therefore, bisoprolol fumarate and telmisartan have been recently made in a fixed-dose combination rather than individual doses to manage blood pressure. Hence, the UV absorption spectra of bisoprolol fumarate and telmisartan displayed a significant overlap. Therefore, augmentation of three simple, precise, and selective spectrophotometric methods relying on manipulation of ratio spectra, specifically ratio difference, first derivative, and mean centering of ratio spectra, have been validated, described, and verified for simultaneous measurement of bisoprolol fumarate and telmisartan in pure form and their fixed dose combination. The ratio difference method relies on measuring the amplitude difference between the ratio spectra’s values at 210 and 224 nm for bisoprolol and between 255 and 265 nm for telmisartan. On the other hand, the first derivative of the ratio spectra technique is based on the measurement of amplitude signals at 232 nm and 243 nm of the derived spectra for bisoprolol and telmisartan, respectively. Furthermore, the mean centering of the ratio depends on measuring the mean-centered ratio spectra's values at 223 nm for bisoprolol and 245 nm for telmisartan. The established procedures underwent validation in compliance with ICH recommendations. The developed techniques are precise and accurate and have the potential to be successfully used for estimating bisoprolol and telmisartan in their combined dosage form.
Assessing the Association Between Nitrogen Dioxide Air Pollution and the Risk of Schizophreniar’s Disease by Integrating Multigenomics
Authors: Li Chunying , Zou Xiao
Published: February 2024

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is mainly discharged from the burning of fossil fuels, and remains suspended in the air with other particulate pollutants, which has a significant impact on the Earth's ecological environment and is harmful to human health.Schizophrenia is a nervous system disease involving emotion, thinking and behavior. There is no consistent conclusion about the etiology of schizophrenia, though numerous of studies are ongoing. Although previous research have suggested that exposure to NO2 air pollution can increase the risk of schizophrenia, but which is still at the preliminary exploratory stage.Here we used Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to assess the potential relationship between NO2 air pollution exposure level and schizophrenia from the perspective of genetic variation.To ensure the reliability of the analysis results, we also did a sensitivity analysis.All analysis results show that there is a significant causal relationship between NO2 exposure level and schizophrenia risk,which can help advance the search for the causes of schizophrenia.
Optimal Timing for Atrial Fibrillation Patients to Undergo Catheter Ablation: Insights from Long-Term Outcome Studies
Authors: Lin Mingjie , Rong Bing , Zhang Kai , Chen Tongshuai , Wang Juntao , Han Wenqiang , Li Yihan , Chen Changli , Zhong Jingquan , Wu Lin
Published: February 2024

Background Despite catheter ablation being an established treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF), optimal timing for this procedure to improve long-term outcomes remains uncertain.
Objective To investigate the impact of diagnosis-to-ablation time (DAT) on AF recurrence and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) following catheter ablation.
Methods This study retrospectively analyzed prospective observational data from a single center, including 2,097 participants undergoing AF ablation between January 2016 and December 2020. Baseline characteristics, clinical outcomes, and the incidence of MACCE were evaluated. Patients were stratified by DAT: ≤ 1 year, > 1 to ≤ 3 years, and > 3 years. Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of AF recurrence and MACCE
Results During the 46.89 ± 16.46 months follow-up, AF recurred in 512 patients (24.6%). Early intervention (DAT ≤ 1 year or ≤ 3 years) corresponded with higher AF-free survival, particularly in patients with persistent AF (HR reference to DAT ≤ 1 year: 1.548 [95%CI: 1.139–2.102]). Patients with DAT > 3 years had higher risks of AF recurrence within two years, but long-term recurrence rates stabilized across DAT groups. Left atrial diameter ≥ 40 mm and female gender were identified as independent predictors of AF recurrence. The overall impact of DAT on MACCE occurrence was not significant, with age and vascular disease being independent predictors.
Conclusions Early catheter ablation is preferable for maintaining sinus rhythm, particularly in persistent AF. However, DAT did not influence the incidence of MACCE. These findings endorse the paradigm shift towards early ablation but also emphasize the importance of personalized treatment strategies based on individual patient profiles.
Near-infrared stimuli-responsive hydrogel mechanically and biologically promote cell migration for accelerating diabetic wound healing
Authors: Zhao Weijing , Qiang Lei , Zhang Changru , Li Shuai , Liu Yihao , Wang Chengwei , Ma Xiaojun , Wang Jinwu , Bao Yuqian
Published: February 2024

Diabetic wound healing including diabetic foot ulcers is a major clinical challenge, which could bring increased level of mortality and morbidity. However, conventional wound dressings exhibit limited healing efficacy due to their lack of active modulation for healing process. Here, a near-infrared (NIR) stimuli-responsive composite hydrogel dressing with the synergistic effect of both mechanical contraction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was developed to facilitate the cell migration and vascularization for diabetic wound healing. In the methacrylated gelatin (GelMA)-based composite hydrogel, N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) were incorporated to endowed the composite hydrogel with thermosensitive and photothermal properties. Linagliptin (LIN) was loaded into the composite hydrogel and the drug release rate could be controlled by NIR laser irradiation. NIR triggered on-demand active contraction of wound area and LIN release for biological stimulation were potentially realized in this responsive system due to the thermally induced sol-gel transition of composite hydrogel. The release of loaded LIN could effectively promote the cell migration by activating EMT and enhance the angiogenesis. In the full-thickness skin defect model, the LIN-loaded composite hydrogel with NIR laser irradiation had the highest wound close rate as compared with pure hydrogel and LIN-loaded hydrogel groups. Therefore, this composite hydrogel can be served as an excellent platform for promoting wound healing and will find more practical value in clinical treatment.
Adequate Green: A Study on the Impact of Continuous Green Landscape, Both Indoors and Outdoors, on the Physiological and Psychological Recovery of Adolescents
Authors: Wu LinJia , LI DI , Dong Qidi , Mao MeiQin , Yang Qiyong
Published: February 2024

The benefits of green spaces as a public health resource for people's physical and mental well-being are being supported by a growing body of evidence. While most studies only employ limited-duration testing to examine a specific type of green space, our utilization of these resources is continuous and ever-changing. This study takes a unique approach by embracing a continuous green perspective, integrating the beauty of external forest greenery with the concept of vertical green buildings indoors. Using the Recovery Results Scale (ROS), 78 college students were examined for changes in markers while continuously watching a green landscape under stress, with a focus on exploring the relationship between EEG data and stress recovery. The results indicate that β waves, θ waves, RAB, and ROS indicators have a temporal influence, and the trends of physiological and psychological indicators change over time. The beta wave and reactive oxygen species (ROS) readings increase over time. The θ wave peaks at T2 and then gradually decreases, while RAB also decreases over time. EEG channels in the β wave (FP2 and T4), α wave (FP1, F3, F4), and θ wave (FP1, T5, F3, and T6) exhibit significant variations across three time periods.The research findings provide valuable insights into promoting perceptual recovery among adolescents in a continuous green environment. They encourage natural participation and interaction from a dynamic perspective to activate the green conditions of the temporal main effect. The study offers guidance for urban environmental planning and management to create a healthy environment that fosters positive emotions.
Effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training in difficult to wean patients with neuromuscular diseases: A protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Qiu Xiang , Chen Chanjuan , Lv Lan , Chen Xinyuan , Yang Bihui , Wang Zhiqiang , Ni Jun
Published: February 2024

Background:
Respiratory failure is the main reason for patients with neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for mechanical ventilation. Most of these patients have prolonged ventilation time and difficulty in weaning, resulting in prolonged ICU stay and increased medical costs. Inspiratory muscle training, a treatment method for weaning, has been proven by studies to assist weaning, but few studies have included patients with neuromuscular disease. The aims of this study is to investigate whether inspiratory muscle training can help patients with NMDs who have difficulty weaning from ventilators, and to compare the efficacy of inspiratory muscle strength training and endurance training methods in patients with NMDs.
Methods:
This is a 4-week, double-blind, prospective randomized controlled study. 150 patients will be recruited and randomly assigned to either inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) group or inspiratory muscle endurance training (IMET) group, in a 1:1 ratio. Patients, investigators, and outcome assessors are unaware of treatment allocation. The IMST group receives high-intensity training (5 sets of 6 breaths at a minimum of 50% of maximum inspiratory pressure, MIP) once per day, five days per week for four weeks. The IMET group receives low-intensity training (2 sets of 30 breaths at 30% of MIP) once per day, five days per week for four weeks. The primary outcome measure is the weaning success difference between the IMST group and IMET groups. The Secondary outcomes are the duration of weaning process, length of stay in the ICU, duration of mechanical ventilation, MIP, diaphragm mobility, diaphragm thickness, diaphragm thickening fraction and Rapid Shallow Breathing Index.
Discussion:
The results of the study will provide evidence-based basis for weaning training treatment for patients with neuromuscular diseases and will identify the optimum IMT method for such patients.
Trial registration:
The study was registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2300071173 on May 6,2023, https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=195557.
High level of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors is a contributing factor of lower diuresis volume in hemodialysis patients: An exploratory study
Authors: Gonçalves Gabriele T , Santos Luciana M M , Figueiredo Pedro Henrique S , Freitas Jaqueline Paula C , Junior Fidelis Antônio da S , Santos Jousielle Márcia dos , Alves Frederico L , Rodrigues Vanessa G B , Maciel Emílio , Sañudo Borja , Taiar Redha , Bernardo-Filho Mario , Caputo Danúbia Cunha de Sá , Lima Vanessa P , Costa Henrique S , Santos Joyce Noelly Vitor , Gripp Victor L , Mendonça Vanessa A , Lacerda Ana Cristina Rodrigues
Published: February 2024

Objective
The objective of this study was to explore the possible link between inflammatory parameters and diuresis volume in hemodialysis patients.
Methods
Blood samples were collected from sixty hemodialysis patients for the analysis of soluble receptors: 1) tumor necrosis factor (sTNFR1), 2) tumor necrosis factor (sTNFR2), and 3) leptin. Confounding variables, such as gender, age, duration of hemodialysis, Kt/v (a measure of dialysis adequacy), and body composition assessed using the gold standard method (i.e., dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry - DXA), were also systematically evaluated. Data analyses were conducted using both single and multiple regression models, adjusted for the confounding parameters.
Results
Of the total participants, 27 (45%) were classified as anuric, and 33 (55%) as non-anuric. A high sTNFR1 plasma level was associated with a lower volume of diuresis, irrespective of adjustments for confounding parameters (R2 = 25.4%; β = 0.504; p < 0.001).
In conclusion:
Our research supports the hypothesis that a high systemic sTNFR1 level may contribute to the reduced diuresis volume observed in hemodialysis patients.
Unlocking the Carbon Sequestration Potential of Agricultural Soils through Deep Tillage —A Dynamic Life Cycle Analysis Perspective
Authors: Quijano Cindy Carrillo , Filipiak Matthias , Nieder Rolf , Stichnothe Heinz
Published: February 2024

Background
This study assessed deep tillage (DT) as a climate change mitigation strategy, focusing on its historical implementation in Lower Saxony, Germany. Four sites (Drüber, Salzgitter, Elze, and Essemühle) where DT was applied in the 1960s were investigated, and the CANDY carbon balance (CCB) model was used to simulate soil organic carbon (SOC) changes after DT implementation. Additionally, a dynamic life cycle assessment (DLCA) was utilised to evaluate the environmental implications and to quantify the carbon (C) sequestration potential of DTs.
Results
The CCB model accurately captured spatial variations in SOC changes after DT implementation, highlighting Drüber and Salzgitter as the sites with the highest C sequestration. The model's predictions closely matched the measured values, with a relative error between -6.25 and 4.8% and a root mean square error between 0.4 and 0.6, indicating a robust fit of the CCB model at all sites. The sensitivity analysis of the marginal effects revealed that when DT is applied to optimise the SOC increase, crop residues should be retained in the field.
Using the DLCA to assess the long-term effects at all sites after DT was applied, the carbon footprint (CF) of the sequestered SOC ranged from 11.14 t CO2e to 48.73 t CO2e ha-1 for almost 50 years if 100 years was considered the time horizon. Compared to traditional LCA, there was an overestimation of the SOC sequestered, oscillating between 12 and 16% at the sites studied.
Conclusion
Evaluating whether DT can be implemented as an effective strategy for sequestering C involves understanding key factors, including soil processes after DT, and employing precise impact assessments such as DLCA. While soil type and texture (in particular, clay and silt contents) are primary indicators of SOC sequestration, this study revealed that DT, combined with retained crop residues, was positively correlated with SOC increase. Moreover, DT has emerged as an intriguing climate change mitigation strategy for the agricultural sector.
Study on the effects of the diagnosis-related group system on cost control in gastric malignant tumor based on propensity score matching
Authors: An Wenxiu , Bao Lijie , Wang Chenyu , Zheng Mingxin , Zhao Yan
Published: February 2024

Background: The study design evaluates the effects of the diagnosis-related group (DRG) system on the hospitalization expenses of patients with gastric malignancies in China and suggests measures to better control hospitalization expenses and reasonably apply the DRG system.
Methods: The inpatient information of patients with gastric malignant tumors was collected; descriptive statistical analysis, propensity score matching, rank sum test, and other statistical methods were performed; differences in covariates between cases were determined, and the effect of DRG on cost control was analyzed.
Result: Significant differences in age (p < 0.001), the average hospitalization duration (p < 0.001), and the presence or absence of surgical interventions (p = 0.003) were observed the DRG and non-DRG groups. After matching, these differences became insignificant (p > 0.05). The DRG system had a significant effect on controlling the hospitalization expenses of patients with gastric malignant tumors (p < 0.001). Simultaneously, no significant difference in the discharge situation was observed between the DRG and non-DRG groups (p = 0.202).
Conclusions: The DRG system can help effectively control the hospitalization expenses of patients with gastric malignant tumors. We must accelerate the reform of the DRG system and continuously improve medical insurance policies to optimize resource allocation.
Based on multi omics analysis of gut microbiota characteristics in patients with acute pancreatitis and exploring the possible mechanism of its exacerbation trend from the level of microbiota and its metabolites
Authors: Wang Zhenjiang , Guo Mingyi , Yang Sen , Chen Yuping , Cheng Jianbin , Huang Zaiwei , Wang Tongxu , Zhang Weifan , Gama Lamu , Zhaxi Cuomu , Luo Xiaobei , Wang Dali , Xu Xiaohong
Published: February 2024

Specific intestinal metabolites are closely associated with the classification, severity, and necrosis of acute pancreatitis (AP), providing novel insights for in-depth clinical investigation of AP. In this study, the gut microbiota and metabolites of 49 AP patients at different treatment stages and severities were analyzed using 16s RNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics to investigate the trends observed in severe AP based on gut microbiota composition and metabolome profiles. The findings revealed an imbalance in intestinal flora homeostasis among AP patients characterized by a decrease in probiotics and an increase in opportunistic pathogens, leading to damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier through reduced short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) secretion and disruption of the intestinal epithelium. This dysbiosis further influenced energy metabolism, anti-inflammatory responses, and immune regulation while also highlighting significant differences in energy metabolic pathways. These results suggest that differential composition of intestinal flora along with alterations in intestinal metabolites and metabolic pathways contribute to compromised integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier as well as disturbances in energy metabolism within severe AP patients.
Unlocking Maternal Outcome Prediction Potential: A Comprehensive Analysis of the ConvXGB Model Integrating XGBoost and Deep Learning
Authors: Nwokoro Chukwudi Obinna , Akinnuwesi Boluwaji Ade , Shastri Sourabh , Uzoka Faith-Michael , Inyang Udoinyang G. , Eyoh Imo J. , Duke Onyeabochukwu Augustine , Nwokoro Kelechi Cynthia , Joseph Kingsley U.
Published: February 2024

The significance of maternal health cannot be overemphasized, and the ability to predict maternal outcomes accurately is critical to ensuring the well-being of both mothers and infants. This study presents ConvXGB, a novel predictive model that utilizes a combination of XGBoost, a potent gradient boosting algorithm, and deep learning to extract intricate features. The objective is to enhance precision and robustness of maternal outcome predictions. The study sourced diverse maternal health data from the southern region of Nigeria and implemented Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) to address any dataset imbalances. Results obtain demonstrate a significant improvement in model performance, with an accuracy rate of 97.96% across various maternal outcome classes. The recommendations from this study highlight the potential of ConvXGB in advancing maternal health predictive analytics, supporting informed clinical decision-making, and improving resource allocation. Further studies are warranted to explore the broader applicability of ConvXGB in different healthcare domains through outcome analyses and methodological advancements.
Laboratory Parameters as Determinants for The Course of Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)
Authors: Galvani Riska Suryani , Danarti Retno , Chu Chia-Yu , Rahman Ferdy Firmansyah , Maharani Cynthia , Febriana Sri Awalia
Published: February 2024

Objective
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a form of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR) characterized by skin rash, multiorgan involvement and hypereosinophilia. Early prognostic factors identification is essential to prevent an advanced state of the disease. The severity of the disease is in accordance to the duration of the clinical manifestation. Laboratory findings such as lymphocyte count, eosinophils and hepatic transaminase enzyme levels have been reported to affect the symptom duration of DRESS syndrome. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the laboratory findings and the symptom duration of DRESS syndrome at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Results
Data were extracted from patients’ medical records and Dr. Sardjito hospital ACDR register of inpatients of the Dermatology and Venereology ward who were treated during January 2016 - December 2020. The total number of patients was 39. Maculopapular erythema, exfoliation, and confluent erythema were the most common types of skin lesions. Eosinophilia and elevated of transaminase enzymes levels were the most common haematological disorders. The most common aetiology was cephalosporin antibacterial drugs. There is a significant positive correlation between the number of lymphocytes, eosinophils, liver transaminase enzyme levels and the symptom duration of DRESS syndrome (p < 0.05).
Exploratory Sensor-based Outcome Measures Show Divergent Slopes of Motor Sign Progression in Parkinson’s Disease Patients Treated with Prasinezumab
Authors: Taylor Kirsten , Lipsmeier Florian , Scelsi Marzia , Volkova-Volkmar Ekaterina , Rukina Daria , Popp Werner , Lambrecht Stefan , Anzures-Cabrera Judith , Summers David , Abt Markus , Monnet Annabelle , Kilchenmann Timothy , Schjodt-Eriksen Jens , Essioux Laurent , Kustermann Thomas , Zago Wagner , Svoboda Hanno , Nikolcheva Tania , Postuma Ronald , Pagano Gennaro , Lindemann Michael
Published: February 2024

Digital health technology (DHT) tools for Parkinson’s disease (PD) such as smartphones and wearable sensors enable remote and frequent measurement of motor signs which may facilitate research on novel treatments for PD. Here, we report the effect of the anti-alpha-synuclein monoclonal antibody prasinezumab on two-year motor sign progression in an early-stage PD population as measured with the Roche PD Mobile Application DHT. 316 early-stage PD participants of the phase 2 PASADENA study (NCT03100149) were randomized to treatment with placebo, 1500 mg, or 4500 mg prasinezumab for 52 weeks (Part 1); and placebo treated patients in Part 1 were re-randomized to 1500 mg or 4500 mg prasinezumab for the ensuing 52 weeks (Part 2, delayed-start group). Patients performed daily motor ‘active tests’ on provisioned study smartphones, carried the phone and wore a smartwatch throughout the day for passive monitoring, over two years. Change from baseline on 17 pre-specified individual sensor features and a summary Simple Sum score were analyzed with linear random slope and intercept models or mixed models for repeated measures, censoring patient data following the start of dopaminergic treatment. Adherence to active testing averaged 5.7 and 5.0 days/week in Parts 1 and 2, respectively. Bilateral speeded tapping variability and hand turning, U-turn speed, the power of passively monitored non-gait hand movements, and the Simple Sum score progressed less in prasinezumab-treated vs placebo at week 52. All findings except hand turning persisted at week 104. While the primary outcome for Part 1 PASADENA (MDS-UPDRS sum of Parts I, II and III) showed no significant difference from placebo, exploratory sensor-based outcome measures showed reduced motor sign progression in prasinezumab-treated individuals with early-stage PD.