bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thessaly Graft Index
Authors: Chalatsis Georgios , Siouras Athanasios , Mitrousias Vasileios , Chantes Ilias , Moustakidis Serafeim , Tsaopoulos Dimitris , Vlychou Marianna , Tasoulis Sotiris , Hantes Michael
Published: February 2025

Background:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proven to be a valuable noninvasive tool to evaluate graft integrity after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, MRI protocols and interpretation methodologies are quite diverse, preventing comparisons of signal intensity across subsequent scans and independent investigations. The purpose of this study was to create an artificial intelligence (AI)-based index (Thessaly Graft Index [TGI]) for the evaluation of graft integrity following ACL reconstruction.

Methods:

The cohort study included 24 patients with an isolated ACL injury that had been treated with a hamstring tendon autograft and followed for 1 year. MRI was performed preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. The clinical and functional evaluations were performed with use of the KT-1000 and with the following patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs): the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Function form (IKDC), the Lysholm score, and the Tegner Activity Scale (TAS). An AI model, based on the YOLOv5 Nano version, was designed to compute the probability of accurately detecting, in the sagittal plane, a healthy ACL (on a percentage scale) and was trained on healthy and injured knees from the KneeMRI dataset. The model was used to assess the integrity of ACL grafts, with a maximum score of 100. The results were compared with the MRI assessment from an independent radiologist and were correlated with PROMs and KT-1000 laxity.

Results:

The mean preoperative and postoperative TGI scores were 64.21 ± 8.96 and 82.37 ± 3.53, respectively. A mean increase of 15% in the TGI scores was observed between preoperative and postoperative images. The minimum threshold for TGI to categorize a graft as healthy on the postoperative MRI was 79.21%. Twenty-two grafts were characterized as intact and 2 as reruptured, with postoperative TGI scores of 71% and 42%. The radiologist’s assessment was in total agreement with the TGI scores. The correlation of the TGI ranged from moderate to good with the TAS (0.668), IKDC (0.516), Lysholm (0.521), KOOS total (0.594), and KT-1000 (0.561).

Conclusions:

The TGI is an AI tool that is able to accurately recognize an ACL graft rupture. Moreover, the TGI correlated with the KT-1000 postoperative values and PROM scores.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Fish-based intensive integrated farming system for resource recycling, enhanced productivity and livelihood improvement in the lowlands of the middle Indo-Gangetic plains
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Shivani  , Kamal Sarma  , Ujjwal Kumar  , A. Dey  , Manibhusan  , Santosh Kumar
Published: February 2025

Integrated farming systems (IFSs) enhance economic yield per unit area and time through intensification, diversification and integration of location-specific components while promoting resource recycling and reducing dependency on external inputs. This approach is particularly effective for eastern India, especially in wetlands, where underutilised pond dykes can be efficiently utilised for growing vegetables, fruits integrating with poultry or duckery, providing significant benefits in production, income, nutrition and employment opportunities to farm families. In this study, components like field crops, vegetables, fruits, mixed carp culture, poultry and duckery were integrated at the main research farm of ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, India. The results were highly encouraging, showing significant improvements in production and income compared to the conventional rice-wheat and sole fish production systems. Integration of fish, poultry, duck with sequential vegetable and fruit production on pond dykes resulted in 333.14% higher relative production efficiency and higher daily income (₹443 day-1) compared to rice-wheat and sole fish production system (₹95.1 day-1). This model also generated 300% more employment opportunities over rice-wheat and sole fish production system. In addition to these benefits, it helped to contribute an ample amount of nutrients (N:P:K, 169.9:91.5: 81.9 kg per acre, respectively) to the farm soil, significantly reducing the reliance on chemical fertilisers. The present IFS model (rice-wheat and fish + poultry/duckery on pond dykes) proved to be highly productive, remunerative which can be easily adopted by small and marginal farmers in the middle Indo-Gangetic plains (MIGP).
Keywords: Economics, Integrated fish farming, Livelihood, Poultry fish and duck rearing, Pond dyke, Intensification, Resource recycling
Livelihood assessment of women seafood vendors during pandemic restrictions in Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago, India
Authors: R. Kiruba Sankar  , Shyam S. Salim  , Sreepriya Prakasan  , R. P. Deepitha  , Harsha Haridas  , K. Saravanan  , Zachariah George  , S. Pushpalata  , R. Raihana  , Harasit Kumar Ray
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 related lockdowns on the livelihoods of women seafood vendors in South Andaman and Car Nicobar islands of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Women fish vendors represent a marginalised community within the marine fisheries sector, facing unique challenges exacerbated by the pandemic. We conducted personal interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire with the women seafood vendors (n=184) representing the urban (77.1%), rural (21.1%) and tribal (1.6%) populations across seafood markets. Paired ‘t’ test analysis revealed a significant reduction(p<0.001) in the average weekly income of the vendors during COVID-19 lockdowns. Responses from a five-point Likert scale survey demonstrated varying perceptions and recommendations concerning the pandemic among participants. Key challenges faced by the vendors during the pandemic restrictions included movement restrictions, limited access to inputs, reduced demand and lack of storage facilities. The study outlines necessary preparedness steps and coping strategies to revamp the marketing practices for sustainable development and participatory outcomes. We highlight the socio-economic vulnerabilities of women fish vendors and inform policy interventions to support their recovery and resilience in the post-pandemic landscape.
Keywords: COVID-19, Coping strategies, Employment, Income, Livelihood, Marketing, Policy, Women
Exploring possibility of controlling Microcystis population using terrestrial plant extracts and indigenous technologies
Authors: Snatashree Mohanty  , Manas Kumar Barik  , Subrat Kumar Swain  , Nitish Kumar Chandan  , Pushpa Choudhary  , Subhas Sarkar  , Das Pratap Chandra
Published: February 2025

Algaecide property of leaf aqueous extracts (LAEs) of three plants viz., Azadiracta indica, Tridax procumbens, Calotropis procera as well as two indigenous technologies (ITKs) viz., application of neem oil and cow urine were evaluated against wild Microcystis bloom and pure culture of Microcystis aeruginosa in laboratory. Five treatments were designated as LAE of A. indica (T-1), neem oil (T-2), LAE of T. procumbens (T-3), LAE of C. procera (T-4) and cow urine (T-5). Inhibitory effects of these agents were studied in terms of colonial morphological alterations in bloom and reduction of cell density in pure culture. Cell density of 2.0 x 105 cells ml-1 was achieved through inoculation of Microcystis from pure culture and each inhibitor was added at 50 ml l-1 to the flasks. All flasks were maintained for 14 days at 300C with continuous aeration and illumination (2000 Lux). After 14 days, cow urine (T-5) showed the highest cell inhibition (87.3%) followed by T-1 (82.7%) and T-3 (61.6 %) (p<0.05), whereas there were 82, 259 and 371% rise in the cell density in T-2, T-4 and control, respectively, compared to the base population seeded on day-0. Indirect measurement through daily record of absorbance in treatments at 680 nm also revealed the growth rate to decrease in the order, control>T-4>T-2>T-3>T-1>T-5.
Keywords: Algal bloom, Algaecide property, Leaf aqueous extracts, Microcystis aeruginosa, Terrestrial plants
Morphometric and meristic characterisation of Chrysochir aurea (Richardson, 1846) from West Bengal coast, India
Authors: JANA SUSMITA , T. Srinivasan Nagesh , Bhakta Dibakar , Das Sudhir Kumar , Chanda Sayani
Published: February 2025

The morphometric and meristic characteristics of Reeve’s croaker Chrysochir aurea (Richardson, 1846) from the West Bengal coast of India were analysed by examining 618 specimens (286 males and 332 females) ranging from 124 to 417 mm in length collected monthly between September 2021 and September 2022. The present investigation, which is the first of its kind, revealed comprehensive morphological variation and sex-based morphological differentiation of C. aurea. Compared to the total length of the fish, the standard length (b=0.879) had the fastest growth rate, while the second anal spine length (b=0.039) had the slowest. Compared to head length, post-orbital length (b=0.635) and eye diameter (b=0.114) had the fastest and slowest growth rates, respectively. A high degree of significant (p<0.01) positive correlation was observed among different morphometric characters of C. aurea in relation to total length or head length. Among 13 meristic counts, the coefficient of variation was found to be highest in arborescent appendages (3.78%) and lowest in the dorsal fin spine (0.40%). The fin formula of C. aurea based on the meristic counts from the present study can be described as D. X-XI/I/25-28, P. i 16-18, V. I/5, A. 2/7, C. 16-18. The current study also revealed the presence of 24 to 29 pairs of arborescent appendages along the edges of the gas bladder and 7 to 9 gill rakers in the first gill arch on the left side. The results indicated a high degree of homogeneity within the population of C. aurea occurring on the coast of West Bengal.
Keywords: Chrysochir aurea, India, Meristics, Morphometry, Reeve’s croaker, West Bengal
Women of tides: Gender analysis of wild seaweed harvesting in Tamil Nadu, south India
Authors: M. S. Ahila  , Qureshi Neha W. , Argade Shivaji D. , P. S. Ananthan  , Johnson B
Published: February 2025

Seaweed production in India is primarily confined to the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay in Tamil Nadu, South India. Around 5,000 fishers in this region are involved in wild seaweed collection. Gathering the gender-disaggregated data, perhaps more qualitatively, explains gender differences and helps redress inequalities. With this rationale, a study was undertaken in the the Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, with a sample of 60 households to assess the gender dimensions in wild seaweed harvesting. The social participation, extension participation, extent of usage of information sources, daily activity profile, drudgery, technology adoption, attitude towards seaweed harvesting/fishing as a livelihood, gender empowerment dimensions, gender needs and constraints were analysed. The study revealed that women have a prominent role in most activities in seaweed harvesting. There is a significant difference between men and women seaweed harvesters with regard to above aspects except for their attitude towards seaweed harvesting as a livelihood. Furthermore, a significant difference exists between women seaweed harvesters, men seaweed harvesters and fishermen regarding various dimensions. Gender disparities exist in asset ownership, access to resources and services, usage of information sources and being overwhelmed with productive and reproductive roles. Strategies may include promoting joint ownership, gender-sensitive extension activities, gender-specific skill development, gender-friendly technological interventions and gender sensitisation.
Keywords: Gender analysis, Gender empowerment dimensions, Seaweed harvesters, Wild seaweed harvesting
Captive broodstock development, induced breeding and embryonic development of Bengal yellowfin bream Acanthopagrus datnia (Hamilton, 1822)
Authors: Kumar Prem , M. Kailasam  , K. P.  Jithendran
Published: February 2025

The current study aim to develop the protocol for induced breeding of Bengal yellowfin bream Acanthopagrus datnia (Hamilton, 1822) in captivity. Adult male and female fish (weight range: 100-425 g; total length range: 90-260 mm) were implanted with luteinising hormone releasing hormone analog (LHRHa) pellet (dose: 33.33 μg pellet-1) and reared in the brackishwater (4.33-9.67 ppt) for a year. Mature female (oocyte diameter, OD: 400.52-408.78 μm) were administered with different doses of aqueous LHRHa viz. 10, 20, 30 and40 μg LHRHa kg-1 body weight. Simultaneously, oozing males were administered with half the dose of LHRHa. Male and female (sex ratio: 2:1) were placed in breeding tanks (salinity: 31±0.50 ppt) (n=3). The fish spawn after the latency period of 55.67±0.47 h. During the course of embryonic development, fertilised eggs (diameter: 859.64±17.21 μm) passes through morula, blastula, gastrula and organogenesis at 2:00, 2:15, 8:00 and 14:30 hours post spawning (hps), respectively. Larvae hatched out after an incubation period of 28±1.5 h (16.200C) and measured 1.70± 0.08 mm. Results showed that the A. datnia broodstock can be developed in brackishwater and spawn successfully with the dose of 30 μg LHRHa kg-1 body weight to females and half the dose to males at 31 ppt salinity.
Keywords: Bengal yellowfin bream, Captive maturation, Embryonic development, Induced breeding
Coal Mine Hidden Disaster Detection Based on Opposing Coils Transient Electromagnetic Method
Authors: Xiao Jian , Han Shili , Duan Xianzhe , Zhao Pengtao , Shen Guangjun , Xie Yanshi , He Haiyang , Deng Zixiang , Liu Wei , Yan Yueping
Published: February 2025

Hidden water disasters seriously affect the construction safety of coal mines and the life safety of technicians. In order to find out the spatial distribution of air-filled goaf and water-filled goaf in coal mines, opposing coils transient electromagnetic method (OCTEM) with high detection accuracy, high resolution, high sensitivity to abnormal bodies, and fast detection speed is used to carry out research. Through field data acquisition and inversion processing, the inversion profile, slice map, and three-dimensional shape rendering map of each survey line are obtained, and then the geological data are analyzed and explained. Finally, two low-resistance anomaly areas are delineated. One is speculated to be the old kiln goaf, and the other is speculated to be the water-filled goaf in the planning area in the next 5 years. After drilling verification, the speculation results are in good agreement with the actual situation. OCTEM provides an innovative technical basis for the detection of hidden hazards in mines, which has broad application potential in the field of mine exploration.
Restructuring knowledge graphs with conceptual models: implications for machine learning predictions in drug repurposing
Authors: Bernabé César , Zwart Rosa , Perdomo-Quinteiro Pablo , Jacobsen Annika , Sales Tiago Prince , Queralt-Rosinach Núria , Wolstencroft Katherine , Santos Luiz Olavo Bonino da Silva , Mons Barend , Roos Marco
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the impact of restructuring knowl- edge graphs (KGs) with well-founded conceptual models to improve ma- chine learning (ML) predictions, particularly in drug repurposing appli- cations. These conceptual models were developed using OntoUML, which is grounded in the Unified Foundational Ontology, and were constructed following an established workflow for data FAIRification–a process aimed at making data more Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. We compared the performance of a Graph Neural Network model trained on original public KGs with models trained on the same restructured KGs. Our results indicate that while the ML model classification perfor- mance (measured in terms of accuracy and error metrics) remains similar for both, the models trained on restructured KGs produce more consis- tent predictions, reducing variability across multiple runs. These findings suggest that restructuring KGs using well-founded conceptual models can enhance the reliability of ML predictions without compromising model performance. We conclude by proposing future research directions to fur- ther explore the potential of conceptual models and FAIR principles in improving ML.
2D PbS Quantum Dot Superlattices with Unprecedented Area Coverage and Homogeneity via Langmuir-Schaefer Deposition
Authors: Loi Maria Antonietta , Pinna Jacopo , Mednicov Alexandru , Koushki Razieh Mehrabi , Ahmadi Majid , Ruiz-Franco José , Giuntoli Andrea , Kooi Bart , Portale Giuseppe
Published: February 2025

Superlattices of lead chalcogenide colloidal quantum dots hold promise to revolutionise the field of infrared optoelectronics due to their unique combination of optical and transport properties. However, the main challenge remains to form a homogeneous thin-film with long-range order avoiding cracking upon ligand exchange. This problem is particularly evident in 2D superlattices where the interactions driving the self-assembly are limited to a single plane yielding very defective films. To overcome these issues, we introduce a novel approach where external lateral pressure is applied during the self-assembly and ligand exchange, forcing the quantum dots toward each other thus avoiding the formation of cracks due to the volume shrinking. Such films consist of a hexagonal monolayer superlattice with long-range order that are crack-free over several millimetres square. The mechanism beyond the formation and ordering of the samples under external pressure is elucidated by atomistic molecular dynamic simulations. Transport measurements in an ionic gel-gated field-effect transistor reveal that increasing the external pressure during the superlattice formation leads to higher electron mobilities above 25 cm2/Vs thanks to better compactness, high ordering, and a higher number of nearest neighbours. These results demonstrate that colloidal quantum dot superlattices with high charge mobility can be fabricated over large areas with important implications for technological applications.
Knowledge, Awareness, and Practices regarding climate change among undergraduate students.
Authors: Rabbi Rifat Hasan
Published: February 2025

The undergraduate students' knowledge, perception, and practices regarding climate change in the Department of Agricultural Science at Daffodil International University, Bangladesh, were studied. In total, 150 students were surveyed in a cross-sectional study using a structured questionnaire. This paper will highlight the level of understanding that the students have with regard to causes, impacts, and mitigation strategies related to climate change, and their involvement in climate-friendly practices. Results show a high overall awareness of 86% on climate change, while 80.67% perceive manifestations within their communities. Students also showed good knowledge in the causes of climate change, with the burning of fossil fuel at 68.6% and deforestation at 68.0% being the most mentioned causes. On the impact, sea-level rise at 78.6% is most identified, closely followed by desertification at 78.0%. These are practical mitigation measures, and the response was very overwhelming for: reduction of industrial pollution with 82% agreeing, adoption of renewable energy with 81.3% agreeing. The analysis of climate-friendly practices indicated that the highest engagement in tree planting stood at 82.6%, while water conservation was at 82%. There is a weak positive correlation between knowledge about climate change and mitigation practices, as the correlation coefficient was very small (r = 0.057, p = 0.495), signifying that with more knowledge, more action is not necessarily taken. Chi-square tests indicated no statistically significant associations of gender or academic level with knowledge of climate change.
Screening of colorectal cancer by a fecal gas compound analysis
Authors: Ishibe Atsushi , Watanabe Jun , Yamakoshi Hideki , Yamagishi Shigeru , Goto Koki , Suwa Yusuke , Nakagawa Kazuya , Ozawa Mayumi , Saigusa Yusuke , Kunisaki Chikara , Endo Itaru
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant cause of mortality worldwide. Although FOBT has demonstrated efficacy in reducing colorectal cancer-related deaths, it has limitations. We explored an innovative and user-friendly screening method using gas sensors installed in toilets.
METHODS
We developed gas sensors that can be installed in toilets. We conducted a demonstration experiment using these sensors to monitor individuals in their bathrooms. The experiment involved 101 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, 50 colorectal polyp patients, and 90 healthy individuals who were registered and monitored for a week at home. Gas data collected during defecation were analyzed to assess the feasibility of colorectal cancer screening.
RESULTS
Age and sulfur-containing gas, CH4, and CO2 content were significantly higher in the CRC group than in the non-CRC group in a univariate analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the discriminant formula for diagnosing colorectal cancer was 0.859.
CONCLUSION
A sensor analysis of defecation gas constitutes a promising, novel, and non-invasive approach for CRC screening.
Do we cause dysphagia when treating spasmodic dysphonia with botox?
Authors: Altan Esma
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a neurological movement disorder involving the laryngeal muscles. There are three main types: adductor, abductor and mixed type. adductor type is the most common and mixed type is the rarest. Botox is the gold standard in treatment, botox is applied to the affected muscle group according to the type of spasmodic dysphonia. Dysphagia often occurs as a side effect of treatment (botulinum toxin injection) in spasmodic dystonia. Sometimes dysphagia may be seen secondary to spasmodic dysphonia.
Methods: This study included 8 patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia and 8 without dysphagia and 8 healthy subjects. Swallowing evaluation of both groups was performed by FEES, EMG and ultrasound.
Results:Swallowing functions of patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia were re-evaluated after botox injection into the thyroarytenoid muscle. No significant difference was observed in both groups
Conclusion: In our study, our patient group consisted of patients with spasmodic dysphonia without dysphagia and dysphagia was not observed in patients evaluated with FEES, EMG and ultrasound after Botox.
Stabilization of Contour Milling on CNC Machines
Authors: Petrakov Yuri , Myhovych Artur
Published: February 2025

Contour milling processes are characterized by a quasi-stationary nature, which leads to the need to assign a cutting mode for the entire contour based on the most unfavorable cutting conditions in a particular area. Simultaneously, CNC machines allow for selecting different cutting modes for contour sections, stabilizing cutting conditions along the entire contour, and stabilization is advisable based on the material removal rate (MRR) criterion. The research deals with contour milling on a CNC machine. Since the process is quasi-stationary, the problem arises of stabilizing it by controlling the feed rate and spindle speed. Therefore, the MRR as the main process parameter was considered the research subject. This parameter determines the cutting intensity and is responsible for forming the required surface quality of the part. A computer program was developed to simulate the contour milling process by determining the main characteristic of the MRR process. At the first stage of the developed technology, using the created modeling program and a G-code control program, a digital file of the MRR dependence was created for the part’s contour. Such a file was used in a developed authors’ program to generate a G-code control file, which ensures stabilization of the cutting process according to the MRR criterion. Moreover, control was realized when changing the feed rate to discretize the resulting array with a specified percentage of the change step. This reduced the number of frames for the new control program while maintaining the positive effect of stabilizing the process in terms of MRR. The developed technology was tested for machining the contour with convex and concave sections in the trajectory. Experimental studies were conducted on a CNC milling machine with the workpiece mounted on a dynamometer table. This made it possible to record the cutting force during milling. As a result, the high efficiency of the developed technology was confirmed. Overall, process stabilization increased productivity approximately 3.0 times compared to the process designed in a CAM system at a constant feed rate and spindle speed.
Nighttime Blue Lighting and Downward Airflow to Manage Tipburn in Indoor Farm Lettuce
Authors: Ertle John , Kubota Chieri
Published: February 2025

Indoor vertical farms (IFs) have gained popularity in the United States within the last decade. Lettuce is the most frequently produced crop in these systems, but it often suffers from the calcium (Ca) deficiency called tipburn because of poor airflow, which causes low transpiration of young leaves near the meristem. We hypothesized that a low-intensity blue light can open stomata and enhance whole-plant transpiration without increasing the overall plant growth rate. Dim light of blue (B100) or blue/red (B80R20) were applied at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 30 µmol·m−2·s−1 to ‘Klee’ and ‘Rex’ lettuce plants during the nighttime for the final 14 days of the 28 days of growth after transplanting. A leaf gas exchange analysis showed that application of B100 lighting alone increased nighttime leaf conductance by more than 50% and transpiration by 25% over nighttime darkness, while the results of B80R20 treatment were not different from those of the B100 or control treatments. However, increased whole-plant transpiration driven by dim nighttime lighting was ineffective for targeting Ca transport to areas of high tipburn risk, and tipburn severity (percentage of leaves with tipburn) was not reduced at harvest (28 days after transplanting). In a second experiment combining B100 lighting or nighttime darkness with downward vertical airflow (0.4 m·s−1), tipburn was eliminated regardless of nighttime lighting. Nighttime dim lighting seems to be an ineffective strategy, and downward vertical airflow is likely the most practical and effective tipburn prevention mechanism for IFs.
DEFINING MUSTAHIQ: The Entangled Practice of Zakat and Religious Authority in Contemporary Madura, Indonesia
Authors: Wahed Abdul
Published: February 2025

This article deals with the Islamic legal reasoning behind the designation of Islamic religious leaders (kiai) in Madura as mustahiq zakat, highlighting the negotiation between fiqh, socio-political dynamics, and cultural interests in Indonesia’s evolving Muslim society. The kiai play a central role in both religious and socio-political domains. This article explores the justification for their eligibility to receive zakat and their responses to this designation. Employing a qualitative approach, data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal that kiai have engaged in an internalization process by interpreting the category of fi sabilillah as a legal basis to include themselves as mustahiq zakat. Their interpretation is constructed through three strategies: externalization, objectification, and internalization. Furthermore, as holders of religious authority, kiai expand this interpretation to legitimize their right to zakat within a broader socio-religious framework.
Aulacopilum beccarii (Müll. Hal. ex Venturi) Mitt.: New record for Nilgiri Hills (Tamil Nadu), South India
Authors: Yadav Sonu
Published: February 2025

Aulacopilum beccarii (Müll. Hal. ex Venturi) Mitt. is a pleurocarpous moss that belongs to the family Erpodiaceae. The genus Aulacopilum Wils. consists of eight species distributed throughout the world, mostly in tropical regions There have only been two species identified in India thus far: A. glaucum and A. beccarii.. One new species of moss was found during the survey of the plant specimen (moss) collection from various areas of the Nilgiri hills. It was recognized as Aulacopilum beccarii (Müll. Hal. ex Venturi) Mitt. after thorough investigation. It was previously recorded only from the single location of Mahendragiri (Tirunelveli district), Tamil Nadu. The taxon has now been reported for the first time from the Nilgiri Hills as well. The plants are characterized by corticolous nature, green, and irregularly branched leaves. Leaves are oblong-ovate with hyaline, brittle leaves. Costa is absent. Leaf cells are thin-walled, hexagonal to quadrate, and multi-papillate, except basal angular cells. The basal cells are rectangular. The present report extends the range of species distribution within the country.
Toxicity of fluoride to microbial activity and population in soil
Authors: Pandey Saumya
Published: February 2025

The fluoride contamination in the soil imposes a serious impact on the soil characteristics as it affects the microbial activity and diversity in soil owing to its antimicrobial action. The antimicrobial activity of fluoride is mainly mediated by, (1) enzyme inhibition, (2) alteration of proton transfer via cell membranes, and (3) inhibition of biochemical processes in the microorganisms. The main sources of fluoride contamination in the soil are industrial discharge, weathering of rocks, and atmospheric deposition. Soil microorganisms play a very important role in the mineralization process and thus help in nutrient recycling during biogeochemical cycles. The mineralization of organic matter to nutrients by microorganisms is metabolism-dependent so the alteration of the activity of key enzymes by the fluoride changes the microbial diversity of soil. The microbial enzyme activity is highly susceptible to change in environmental factors and is therefore considered the most used parameter for soil pollution studies.
Medicinal plants associated with Phytoplasma diseases in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Mall Smriti , Vishwakarma Ragini
Published: February 2025

Medicinal plants include wide variety of wild and cultivated plant species that possess numerous biologically active compounds, referred to as phytochemicals. These plant-based phytochemicals play significant role in human and animal well-being. However, medicinal plants are susceptible to various biotic and abiotic stresses that negatively influence the composition of essential phytochemicals. Phytoplasmas characterized as cell-wall less bacterial pathogens cause diseases in medicinal plants belonging to over 70 families, mostly Apiaceae and Asteraceae throughout the world. Presence of phytoplasma induces changes in the amount and composition of secondary metabolites in infected plants that greatly affect the concentrations of valuable phytochemicals. The present review provides an outline of different medicinal plants associated with phytoplasma diseases in Eastern Uttar Pradesh belonging to ten families including Apiaceae, Cannabaceae, and Moringaceae.Among different phytoplasma groups, 16SrI is recorded as the most damaging phytoplasma group infecting Medicinal plants in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.
La evolución conceptual y material de los derechos fundamentales en la realidad constitucional colombiana
Authors: Alarcón Quiroga Harol Alexander , Vera Gómez Sandra
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo busca identificar la verdadera noción conceptual y material de qué debemos entender como derecho fundamental. Se inicia partiendo desde lo prescrito por algunos autores entre ellos Luigi Ferrajoli, John Finnish, se revisa lo aludido por la Corte Constitucional en varias decisiones; posteriormente se confronta y se revisa esa confrontación, la realidad jurídica colombiana. Todo ello para tener una definición más práctica y real de lo que es el derecho fundamental.
The influence of unverified news and electronic word-of-mouth on customer satisfaction and purchase intention: An empirical study on the food and beverage industry
Authors: Duong Ngoc-Hong , Viet Duong Chi , Kim Nguyen Ba Thien , Tran Tran Bao , Chau Thai Minh
Published: February 2025

In the digital age, unverified news and electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) have become pervasive, raising concerns about their influence on customer behavior and decision-making. This research aims to investigate how unverified news affects customer purchase intention and satisfaction, emphasizing the mediating role of brand image within customer relationship management. Using the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) as the theoretical framework, the study collected the data from 378 undergraduate and postgraduate students in Vietnam. The hypotheses were tested through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS4. There are two significant results. Firstly, unverified news has significantly influenced brand image and trust, leading to customer satisfaction and purchase intention. Secondly, brand image plays a mediating role in the relationship between e-WOM and purchase intention. This research contributes to the marketing literature by demonstrating how unverified news shapes consumer behavior. The findings provide actionable insights for businesses to adapt their marketing strategies, addressing the growing challenges of misinformation to improve brand trust and customer satisfaction in today’s information-driven market.
Saint Petersburg University of the Post-Reforms Period in the letters of Vladimir Opatovich
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Rostovtsev Evgeniy A. , Goltsov Nikita V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: February 2025

The article reconstructs the life and career path of V. K. Opatovich (1852–1893), a student and graduate of the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University, and contains a scientific publication of V. K. Opatovich’s letters to his cousin, a teacher of the Faculty of History and Philology and a famous scientist I. V. Pomialovsky (1845–1906). The central theme of the letters is the life of St. Petersburg University in the first half of the 1870s in various manifestations — lectures, examinations, preparation of essays for university medals, relations between students and professors, university debates, activities of ministerial officials at the university, university anniversaries, and other aspects of everyday life of universal students. On the pages of the letters much space is given to the university professors — I. E. Andreevsky, V. V. Bauer, N. M. Blagoveschensky, V. G. Vasilievsky, I. Y. Gorlov, M. I. Gorchakov, A. D. Gradovsky, L. B. Dorn, I. I. Ivanovsky, V. A. Lebedev, F. F. Martens, M. M. Mikhailov, S. V. Pakhman, V. P. Polisadov, P. G. Redkin, F. F. Sokolov, I. I. Sreznevsky, N. S. Tagantsev, A. P. Chebyshev-Dmitriev and others. V. K. Opatovich pays special attention to the people and events of the Faculty of Law. In this context, the article analyzes the role of the law faculty in the system of university teaching. The Law Faculty of the last third of the XIX century attracted, on the one hand, a relatively unburden some system of training, on the other hand, the career prospects open to its graduates. All these features of the life of the Faculty of Law and the perceptions of it in the minds of contemporaries found vivid confirmation in the letters of V. K. Opatovich.
Manuscript Maps of Siberia by Captive Captain Tabbert (von Strahlenberg)
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Borodaev Vadim B. , Kontev Arkadii V. ,   Altai State Pedagogical University
Published: February 2025

Based on the analysis of published documents and materials, the article examines the history of the creation of three versions of maps of the Siberia, made in 1713–1718 in Tobolsk by а captive captain of the Swedish army Philip Johann Tabbert (von Strahlenberg). He is known primarily as the author of the map of Great Tataria, published in 1730. His cartographic works from the period of Siberian captivity have not previously been the subject of a specialized study. The purpose of the article is to systematize and summarize the published materials on the fate of manuscript maps of Siberia, created by Tabbert in Tobolsk, as well as clarify the chronology of the creation of these drawings. The Swedish officer became the first Western European explorer who worked on a geographical map of Siberia while living in this region. Tabbert created geographic maps on a mathematical basis. He was the first to apply a new method of map-making — the conversion of Russian versts into miles and degrees. New maps of Siberia created in Europe are based on previous publications. Tabbert broke with this tradition and created his maps based solely from local material, which he collected with amazing persistence. None of three Tobolsk maps survive. However, the evidence presented in our article allows us to characterize these works. The original data collected in Siberia allowed Tabbert von Strahlenberg, after his return to Sweden, to prepare the fourth version of his map, which immortalized his name in the history of Russian cartography.
The Experience of Ethnographic Interpretation of the Epic about Alyosha Popovich and Tugarin
Authors:   Federal Research Center Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ryblova Marina A. ,   Volgograd State University
Published: February 2025

The article presents the experience of analyzing the epic “Alyosha Popovich and Tugarin” from the perspective of ethnographic science, i. e. the search for its ceremonial origins is carried out. Disagreeing with those researchers who saw in Tugarin the image of the enemy of Russia (Polovtsian, Tatar), and at the heart of the epic the motif of snake fighting, the author of the article substantiates the idea that the text reproduces the situation of the arrival of the ancestors on the land. The Tugarin serpent represents an ancestor who gives in the rite his (unspent to the end during his lifetime) power — a share that is embodied in the benefits so necessary for the living members of the genus/family. At the same time, in the first part of the epic, the situation of “feeding” Tugarin, the ancestor, and the symbolic transfer of his sexual energy to the female part of the family (represented by the princess) is reproduced, and in the second — the eruption of his share–force in the form of rain and the transformation of individual parts of his body into vessels used, apparently, in ceremonial practices (feasts-bratchinakh) of the heroic community. To substantiate this idea, multiple parallels are given from the ritual practices of the Eastern Slavs and neighboring peoples: veneration of ancestors in the form of snakes; the arrival of mummers (including those associated with the image of the “fiery serpent”) depicting ancestors and performing a symbolic marriage with the living; making dolls with their subsequent destruction in order to cause rain, etc.
Don Quixote of Hungarian Sovietology
Authors:   ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Szvák Gyula , Kolontári Attila ,   Office of the Committee of National Remembrance
Published: February 2025

Istvan Dolmanyos was the first Hungarian historian to write a history of the Soviet Union. His career took him on a trajectory that led from Stalinism through approval of Khrushchev’s de-Stalinization and then back to Stalinism. The article shows how a reformist monograph on the history of the USSR in the context of Brezhnev’s re-Stalinization provoked a reaction in the political world at an international level. It received serious criticism from the Soviet side for its excessively detailed depiction of the cult of personality and Stalin’s crimes. The Hungarian party apparatus also concerned itself with the book. Although their criticism was not accompanied by direct punishment of the historian, it did result in a serious professional crisis, and very likely led to his conspicuous return to Stalinism. In this article, with the help of previously undiscovered documents from Istvan Dolmanyos’s estate and his memoirs, it is shown how, resisting the influence of the changes of the 1970s and 1980s, he gradually turned into an anachronistic figure in the Hungarian academic world. His initial position, according to which the Soviet Union was the measure of everything, and the Soviet comrades were always right, had outlived its time, his vulgar Marxist approach had become obsolete. Dolmanyos did not how to deal with the freer atmosphere that came to Hungary in the 1970s and later as a result of perestroika and glasnost. His life story offers us a window onto a slice of Hungarian “Marxist” historical scholarship at a time when it was trying to free itself from dogmatism and Soviet influence.
Case report: contamination of a drinking water distribution system by Exophiala-dominated biofilm in the Midwestern United States
Authors: King Jon C. , Lancaster Emma , Myers Alicia , Lee Jiyoung , Dannemiller Karen C.
Published: February 2025

Fungal contamination of drinking water distribution systems can impact water quality with implications for public health. We document an instance of Exophiala spp. biofilm contamination of customer taps in the Midwest United States following consumer complaints. Three samples of black biofilm were collected from customer taps in Ohio and then processed using next-generation DNA sequencing of the bacterial 16S and fungal ITS regions. Two samples with successful ITS sequencing were dominated by Exophiala spp., putatively identified as E. cancerae and E. lecanii-corni. Dominant bacterial phyla in samples included Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria. Bacterial composition varied substantially at the family and genus levels, and potentially pathogenic bacteria (i.e., Acinetobacter spp., Legionella spp., Mycobacterium spp., and Pseudomonas spp.) were detected. The potential for fungal contamination of drinking water distribution systems should be evaluated when biofilms are observed.
Uma arquitetura de Cloud Robotic baseada em clones para uma equipe de CellBots
Authors:   , Pereira Diego da Silva
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho retrata a implementação de uma arquitetura de comunicação Ad Hoc para
uma equipe de CellBots como infraestrutura para utilização de computação na nuvem.
CellBots são robôs que fazem uso de smarthphones como computador controlador aliados
a dispositivos eletrônicos simples e de baixo custo.Oobjetivo é expandir os horizontes de
aplicações para estes dispositvos robóticos através da formação de um MRS (Multi-Robot
System) permitindo que eles possam trabalhar de forma cooperativa na conclusão das
mais diversas tarefas. Além disso, é empregado o modelo de CR (Cloud Robotic) baseado
em Clones para facultar a utilização de recursos oriundos da computação na nuvem
através de robôs clone instanciados sob demanda, permitindo aumentar a capacidade
global de processamento do MRS, viabilizar o compartilhamento de conhecimento,
garantir uma maior automia para as baterias dos robôs através da redução dos gastos
com o processamento local de informações, dentre outros benefícios. Na comunicação
dentro do MRS foi adotado o protocolo AODV (Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) e
para prover os clones na nuvem foi escolhida a plataforma Rapyuta. Para validação foram
feitos testes de RTT (Round Trip Time) em variados cenários. A arquitetura sagrou-se
viável tanto para comunicação dentro do MRS quanto para comunicação dos robôs com
a nuvem.
Emerging Carbon Dots Nanomaterials for Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis and
Therapy
Authors: V Anoop Narayanan , Yamajala Rajesh B.R.D. , Venkatesan Jayachandran , Pang Myung-Geol , Gedda Gangaraju
Published: February 2025

Delayed diagnosis and limited treatment options make ovarian cancer difficult to treat.
This paper examines the growing role of Carbon Dots (CDs) in ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment. Photoluminescence and biocompatibility make CDs ideal for biomedical use. We emphasize their ability to improve fluorescence and molecular imaging in imaging and diagnostics. We
also demonstrate the efficacy of carbon dots in targeted drug delivery systems in overcoming drug
resistance and improving therapeutic outcomes. Photodynamic and photothermal therapies are
used to show that CDs can treat hypoxic ovarian cancer tumours. We also discuss CD safety issues and constraints, emphasising the need for thorough assessments and fine-tuning. Future research focuses on personalised medicine and CD integration with other therapies. This text concludes by discussing CDs' clinical use and the challenges of production and regulatory approval.
CDs can improve ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment, improving patient outcomes and survival.
Targeting Neurodegeneration: The Emerging Role of Hybrid Drugs
Authors: Deb Debasmita , Dhanawat Meenakshi , Bhushan Bharat , Pachuau Lalduhsanga , Das Nirupam
Published: February 2025

Neuron loss is the main feature of neurodegenerative diseases. The two most prevalent neurodegenerative illnesses are Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. While several medications are currently approved to treat neurodegenerative disorders, most of them only address the symp-toms that are related to the disorders. Owing to their severity and complex multifactorial patho-physiology, the approved medications currently in clinical use have not demonstrated sufficient efficacy and have limited therapeutic options. Enhancing medicine quality can be achieved using highly efficient conjugate chemistry methods, necessitating ongoing discovery efforts on hybrid drugs in academia and industry. The present review illustrates hybrid compounds and the design strategies that helped to create them. Developing multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) is a more advantageous and sensible strategy for treating long-term complex illnesses like neurodegenera-tive diseases. Compared to classic treatments, hybrid drugs can deliver combination therapies in a single multifunctional agent, making them more potent and specific. Three main objectives are being initiated by using hybridization techniques in drug design: (i) increasing selectivity, (ii) im-proving activity, and (iii) reducing toxicity. The development of hybrid medications may offer a valuable method for producing compounds that are less likely to develop resistance and more likely to be effective. Hybrid drugs hold great promise, but a few technical and regulatory obsta-cles must be overcome before they can be successfully used in clinical settings.