bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Optimal Silane Concentration on the Rheological Properties and 3D Printing Performance of Al2O3-Acrylate Composite Slurries
Authors: Ryu Kook-Hyun , Kim Ung-Soo , Kim Jin-Ho , Choi Jung-Hoon , Han Kyu-Sung
Published: November 2024

In this study, 3-trimethoxy-silylpropane-1-thiol (MPTMS) was used as a surface modifier for Al2O3 powder to systematically analyze the effects of MPTMS concentration on the rheological properties, photocuring characteristics, and 3D printing performance of photocurable composite slurries. MPTMS concentration significantly influenced the rheological behavior of the slurry. Slurries containing 2 wt.% and 5 wt.% MPTMS exhibited a wide linear viscoelastic range (LVR). However, at concentrations of 10 wt.% and 20 wt.%, the LVR range narrowed, which led to reduced dispersion stability. In dispersion stability tests, the slurry with 2 wt.% MPTMS showed the most stable dispersion, while the 5 wt.% MPTMS concentration exhibited the highest photocuring rate. In 3D printing experiments, the 5 wt.% MPTMS concentration resulted in the most stable printed structures, whereas printing failures occurred with the 2 wt.% concentration. At 10 wt.% and 20 wt.%, internal cracking was observed, leading to structural defects. In conclusion, MPTMS forms silane bonds on the Al2O3 surface, significantly impacting the stability, rheological properties, and printing quality of Al2O3-acrylate composite slurries. An MPTMS concentration of 5 wt.% was found to be optimal, contributing to the formation of stable and robust structures.
Synthesis and Mechanism Study of an Environmental Additive Used in Water-Based Drilling Fluids from Bovine Bone Glue
Authors: Guo Lei , Yang Jie , Yu Lubin , Song Bingqian , Du Weichao
Published: November 2024

At present, animal bone glue has been widely used in industry, but there are no relevant research reports on its application in the petroleum industry. In this paper, the rheological properties, inhibition, filtration, and temperature resistance performance of modified bone glue (Mbg) were evaluated in water-based drilling fluids, and the results showed that Mbg can significantly affect the performance of water-based muds with minimal dosage, and temperature resistance of Mbg could reach up to 130 °C. The inhibition mechanism of Mbg in drilling fluids was investigated by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), zeta potential, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results revealed that when 2% Mbg was added, a three-dimensional network structure was formed in an aqueous solution, which reduced the water content from 4.83% to 4.23%. FT-IR analysis showed that Mbg strongly adsorbed onto clay through hydrogen bonding, which reduced the clay particles in based muds from 1.251 µm to 0.789 µm and effectively controlled the filtration loss of the drilling fluids.
Microfluidic Fabrication of Oleosin-Coated Liposomes as Anticancer Drug Carriers with Enhanced Sustained Drug Release
Authors: Seo Yoseph , Woo Yeeun , Oh Byeolnim , Yoo Daehyeon , Kwon Hyeok Ki , Park Chulhwan , Cho Hyeon-Yeol , Kim Hyun Soo , Lee Taek
Published: November 2024

Microfluid-derived liposomes (M-Lipo) exhibit great potential as drug and functional substance carriers in pharmaceutical and food science. However, the low liposome membrane stability, attributed to the liquid core, limits their application range. Oleosin, a natural surfactant protein, can improve the stability of the lipid nanoparticle membrane against various environmental stresses, such as heat, drying, and pH change; in addition, it can enable sustained drug release. Here, we proposed the fabrication of oleosin-coated M-Lipo (OM-Lipo) through self-assembly on a microfluidic chip and the evaluation of its anticancer drug (carmustine) delivery efficiency. Nanoparticle characterization revealed that the oleosin coating slightly lowered the membrane potential of M-Lipo and greatly improved their dispersibility. Additionally, the in vitro drug release profile showed that the oleosin coating improved the sustained release of the hydrophobic drug from the phospholipid bilayer in body temperature. Our results suggest that OM-Lipo has sufficient potential in various fields, based on its easy production, excellent stability, and biocompatibility.
Suppression of Short-Channel Effects in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs Using SiNx Stress-Engineered Technique
Authors: Deng Chenkai , Tang Chuying , Wang Peiran , Cheng Wei-Chih , Du Fangzhou , Wen Kangyao , Zhang Yi , Jiang Yang , Tao Nick , Wang Qing , Yu Hongyu
Published: November 2024

In this work, we present the novel application of SiNx stress-engineering techniques for the suppression of short-channel effects in AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs), accompanied by a comprehensive analysis of the underlying mechanisms. The compressive stress SiNx passivation significantly enhances the barrier height at the heterojunction beneath the gate, maintaining it above the quasi-Fermi level even as Vds rises to 20 V. As a result, in GaN devices with a gate length of 160 nm, the devices with compressive stress SiNx passivation exhibit significantly lower drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) factors of 2.25 mV/V, 2.56 mV/V, 4.71 mV/V, and 3.84 mV/V corresponding to drain bias voltages of 5 V, 10 V, 15 V, and 20 V, respectively. Furthermore, as Vds increases, there is an insignificant degradation in transconductance, subthreshold swing, leakage current, or output conductance. In contrast, the devices with stress-free passivation show relatively higher DIBL factors (greater than 20 mV/V) and substantial degradation in pinch-off performance and output characteristics. These results demonstrate that the SiNx stress-engineering technique is an attractive technique to facilitate high-performance and high-reliability GaN-based HEMTs for radio frequency (RF) electronics applications.
Impact of Nutritional Minerals Biomarkers on Cognitive Performance Among Bangladeshi Rural Adolescents—A Pilot Study
Authors: Rahi Berna , Rashid Fahmida , Sultana Rasheda , Benoit Julia , Parvez Faruque , Khan Khalid
Published: November 2024

Background: Nutritional metals (NM) are essential for neurodevelopment and cognitive performance during growth. Nevertheless, epidemiological evidence regarding the associations between NM and brain function remains understudied, particularly among adolescents. Therefore, the objective of this pilot study was to examine the effects of NM biomarkers such as iron (Fe), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), and copper (Cu) on neurobehavioral functions among a group of rural Bangladeshi adolescents. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 105 adolescents aged 13–17 from Araihazar, Bangladesh. Cognitive function was assessed using the computer-based Behavioral Assessment and Research System (BARS), focusing attention, memory, and executive function, and blood NM levels (Fe, Se, Zn, Mg, and Cu) were measured. Associations between individual minerals, NM composite scores, and cognition were analyzed using multiple linear regressions. Results: This study included 47 boys and 58 girls with an average age of 15 years. Fe levels were correlated with Continuous Performance Test (CPT) latency (r = −0.42, p < 0.05) and Se levels correlated with Match-to-Sample (MTS) correct count (r = 0.32, p < 0.01). Linear regressions showed that Se was associated with MTS correct count (b = 0.02, 95%CI: 0.01, −0.04), reflecting visual memory, and Fe was associated with CPT latency (b = −0.68, 95%CI: −1.11, −0.26), reflecting improved attention. The same BARS measures were also significantly associated with the 3-NM composite score. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that NM, particularly Fe, Se, and NM mixtures, could play a crucial role in brain development and neurocognitive function during adolescence. Further studies will help design national public health policies and strategies to address and mitigate brain health deficiencies among adolescents.
Motivations for Enrolment and Dropout of First-Year Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Pilot Multimethod Study
Authors: Viottini Elena , Ferrero Alice , Albanesi Beatrice , Acquaro Johnny , Bulfone Giampiera , Condemi Francesca , D’Accolti Donatella , Massimi Azzurra , Mattiussi Elisa , Sturaro Roberta , Conti Alessio , Dimonte Valerio
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Higher education institutions must improve the attractiveness and retention of the nursing profession to address the widespread shortage. This pilot multimethod study aimed to preliminarily understand the relationship between motivations for enrolment and dropout among first-year undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A two-step approach was conducted among first-year nursing students from five Italian universities involving: (a) a baseline quantitative online survey collecting their characteristics and motivations for enrolment; (b) a follow-up semi-structured interview qualitative data collection among students who dropped out. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to describe the motivations for enrolment and differences between universities. Dropout motivations emerged from inductive content analysis, with data categorisation according to Urwin’s framework. Results: A total of 759 students completed the online survey. Primary motivations for enrolment included the desire to be useful (88.8%), help suffering people (84.3%), and find employment (74.2%); 22.3% cited unsuccessful admission to another university as motivation for enrolment. Of the 141 students who discontinued, 31 were interviewed (22%). Eleven categories and three themes were identified. More than half of the participants dropped out due to interest in other courses and lack of aptitude, while a smaller number cited personal circumstances. Other motivations for dropout were related to negative learning environments or feelings and difficulties related to course characteristics. Conclusions: This study provides an initial insight into these complex phenomena that will be instrumental in understanding data from an Italian multicenter cohort study. The findings can inform recommendations and strategies to strengthen the future nursing workforce.
Occurrence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance and Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Nosocomial Patients in Aguascalientes, Mexico
Authors: Tapia-Cornejo Ana S. , Ramírez-Castillo Flor Y. , Guerrero-Barrera Alma L. , Guillen-Padilla Diana E. , Arreola-Guerra José M. , González-Gámez Mario , Avelar-González Francisco J. , Loera-Muro Abraham , Hernández-Cuellar Eduardo , Ramos-Medellín Carmen L. , Adame-Álvarez Cesar , García-Romo Ricardo , Galindo-Guerrero Fabiola , Moreno-Flores Adriana C.
Published: November 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections, which are related to substantial morbidity and mortality. The incidence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance (PMQR) determinants has been previously reported in this bacterium. However, there is limited information regarding the presence of PMQR and carbapenemase-encoding genes simultaneously. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of these determinants on P. aeruginosa strain isolated from clinical patients in the State of Aguascalientes, Mexico. Fifty-two P. aeruginosa isolates from nosocomial patients were collected from Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo. This is a retrospective observational study conducted at a single center. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the Vitek-2 system. Only carbapenem-resistant isolates were included in this study. Carbapenemase-encoding genes and PMQR determinants were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Resistance rates of 100% were found on tigecycline and ceftriaxone. Of the 52 isolates, 34.6% were positive for the qnr genes, 46.2% for the oqxA gene, and 25% for the aac-(6′)-lb gene. The most frequent carbapenemase genes found in the samples were blaOXA-51 (42.3%), blaOXA-1 (15.4%), and blaVIM (15.4%). blaOXA-51 co-carrying oqxA was detected in 21.1% of the isolates, blaOXA-51 co-carrying aac-(6’)-lb in 11.5%, blaVIM co-carrying aac-(6′)-lb in 3.8%, and blaKPC co-carrying oqxA in 5.8%. Systematic surveillance to detect carbapenemase-encoding genes and PMQR determinants, and rational prescription using the last-line drugs could help in preventing the dissemination of multidrug-resistant determinants.
Biaxial Gaussian Beams, Hermite–Gaussian Beams, and Laguerre–Gaussian Vortex Beams in Isotropy-Broken Materials
Authors: Durach Maxim
Published: November 2024

We have developed the paraxial approximation for electromagnetic fields in arbitrary isotropy-broken media in terms of the ray–wave tilt and the curvature of materials’ Fresnel wave surfaces. We have obtained solutions of the paraxial equation in the form of biaxial Gaussian beams, which is a novel class of electromagnetic field distributions in generic isotropy-broken materials. Such beams have been previously observed experimentally and numerically in hyperbolic metamaterials but have evaded theoretical analysis in the literature up to now. Biaxial Gaussian beams have two axes: one in the direction of the Abraham momentum, corresponding to the ray propagation, and another in the direction of the Minkowski momentum, corresponding to the wave propagation, in agreement with the recent theory of refraction, ray–wave tilt, and hidden momentum [Durach, 2024]. We show that the curvature of the wavefronts in the biaxial Gaussian beams correspond to the curvature of the Fresnel wave surface at the central wave vector of the beam. We obtain the higher-order modes of the biaxial beams, including the biaxial Hermite–Gaussian and Laguerre–Gaussian vortex beams, which opens avenues toward studies of the optical angular momentum (OAM) in isotropy-broken media, including generic anisotropic and bianisotropic materials.
Strain-Specific Infection of Phage AP1 to Rice Bacterial Brown Stripe Pathogen Acidovorax oryzae
Authors: Liu Mengju , Zhang Yang , Gu Chunyan , Luo Jinyan , Shen Ying , Huang Xuefang , Xu Xinyan , Ahmed Temoor , Alodaini Hissah Abdulrahman , Hatamleh Ashraf Atef , Wang Yanli , Li Bin
Published: November 2024

Bacteriophage (phage) AP1 has been reported to effectively lyse Acidovorax oryzae, the causative agent of bacterial brown stripe in rice. However, phage AP1 exhibits strain-specific lysis patterns. In order to enhance the potential of phages for biological control of rice bacterial brown stripe, this study investigated the possible mechanism of strain-specific infection by characterizing phage AP1 and its susceptible (RS-2) and resistant (RS-1) strains. Based on the current classification standards and available database information, phage AP1 was classified into the class Caudoviricetes, and it is a kind of podophage. Comparative analysis of the susceptible and resistant strains showed no significant differences in growth kinetics, motility, biofilm formation, or effector Hcp production. Interestingly, the resistant strain demonstrated enhanced virulence compared to the susceptible strain. Prokaryotic expression studies indicated that six putative structural proteins of phage AP1 exhibited varying degrees of binding affinity (1.90–9.15%) to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, pull-down assays and bacterial two-hybrid analyses revealed that only gp66 can interact with four host proteins, which were identified as glycosyltransferase, RcnB, ClpB, and ImpB through immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses. The role of LPS in the specific infection mechanism of phage AP1 was further elucidated through the construction of knockout mutant strains and complementary strains targeting a unique gene cluster (wbzB, wbzC, wbzE, and wbzF) involved in LPS precursor biosynthesis. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of phage-host specificity, which are crucial for the effective application of phage AP1 in controlling rice bacterial brown stripe.
Effects of Soil Compaction Stress Combined with Drought on Soil Pore Structure, Root System Development, and Maize Growth in Early Stage
Authors: Zhu Xiangming , Peng Wei , Xie Qingyang , Ran Enhua
Published: November 2024

Soil compaction is a major environmental stress to root development and plant growth. Meanwhile, drought always results in increasing soil mechanical impedance, which in turn aggravates soil compaction stress. In this study, a column experiment with three levels of compaction stress (low, moderate, and severe) and two levels of soil water content (well-watered and drought,) was established to investigate the effects of soil compaction combined with drought on soil pore structure, root development, and maize growth properties. The results showed that soil compaction combined with soil water stress significantly affected the characteristics of soil pore structure. With the increase in soil compaction, the porosity, larger pores (>500 μm), and maximum pore diameter significantly decreased (p < 0.05) regardless of soil water status. Additionally, both pore morphology and network parameters also deteriorated under soil compaction with drought conditions. Soil compaction substantially affected the root length, root volume, root surface area, and root average diameter in the whole profile (p < 0.05). Compared to well-watered conditions, the effects of soil compaction on root characteristics under drought conditions were more obvious, which indicated that appropriate soil water content could alleviate compaction stress. The aboveground biomass and plant height showed a consistent trend with root traits under soil compaction stress regardless of water status. A Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations between most soil pore parameters and maize growth traits. In addition, soil compaction showed a significant effect on both stomatal conductance and transpiration rate while soil water showed a significant effect on SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development).
Cyanobacterial Cultures, Cell Extracts, and Individual Toxins Decrease Photosynthesis in the Terrestrial Plants Lactuca sativa and Zea mays
Authors: Heckathorn Scott A. , Muller Clare T. , Thomas Michael D. , Vining Emily P. , Bigioni Samantha , Elsie Clair , Franklin J. Thomas , New Emily R. , Boldt Jennifer K.
Published: November 2024

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) are increasing due to eutrophication and climate change, as is irrigation of crops with freshwater contaminated with cHAB toxins. A few studies, mostly in aquatic protists and plants, have investigated the effects of cHAB toxins or cell extracts on various aspects of photosynthesis, with variable effects reported (negative to neutral to positive). We examined the effects of cyanobacterial live cultures and cell extracts (Microcystis aeruginosa or Anabaena flos-aquae) and individual cHAB toxins (anatoxin-a, ANA; beta-methyl-amino-L-alanine, BMAA; lipopolysaccharide, LPS; microcystin-LR, MC-LR) on photosynthesis in intact plants and leaf pieces in corn (Zea mays) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa). In intact plants grown in soil or hydroponically, overall net photosynthesis (Pn), but not Photosystem-II (PSII) electron-transport yield (ΦPSII), decreased when roots were exposed to cyanobacterial culture (whether with intact cells, cells removed, or cells lysed and removed) or individual toxins in solution (especially ANA, which also decreased rubisco activity); cyanobacterial culture also decreased leaf chlorophyll concentration. In contrast, ΦPSII decreased in leaf tissue vacuum-infiltrated with cyanobacterial culture or the individual toxins, LPS and MC-LR, though only in illuminated (vs. dark-adapted) leaves, and none of the toxins caused significant decreases in in vitro photosynthesis in thylakoids. Principal component analysis indicated unique overall effects of cyanobacterial culture and each toxin on photosynthesis. Hence, while cHAB toxins consistently impacted plant photosynthesis at ecologically relevant concentrations, the effects varied depending on the toxins and the mode of exposure.
Effects of Particle Shape and Surface Structure on the Adsorption Properties of Polystyrene Microplastics
Authors: Shevchenko Natalia , Iakobson Olga , Isakov Vladimir , Zorin Ivan
Published: November 2024

Model spherical polystyrene particles are studied to understand the interactions of microplastics with organic pollutants. Analysis of the experimental results presented in the literature is complicated since researchers use different types and concentrations of particles, durations of tests, etc. In addition, there is little information on the effect of the structure of the surface layer of polystyrene particles on the processes under study, and the question of the effect of the shape of polystyrene particles remains open. Here, we present the first results of a model experiment to study the effect of the shape and structure of the surface layer of polystyrene microspheres and non-spherical particles of 2 to 5 μm in size on the sorption properties in relation to model molecules of rhodamine B as a model organic pollutant. The properties of both the initial model polystyrene particles and the modified ones were studied by optical, transmission electron, and atomic force microscopy, as well as using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method (BET). The sorption process was studied by spectrophotometry, and the analysis of sorption curves was carried out using the Langmuir model. It is shown that the shape of polystyrene model particles does not have a significant effect on the sorption capacity. At the same time, the sorption processes of rhodamine B molecules are determined by the structure of the surface layer, which can be changed, for example, by exposing the polystyrene microspheres to N,N′-dimethylformamide.
Polymer Electrolytes for Supercapacitors
Authors: Chen Xuecheng , Holze Rudolf
Published: November 2024

Because of safety concerns associated with the use of liquid electrolytes and electrolyte solutions, options for non-liquid materials like gels and polymers to be used as ion-conducting electrolytes have been explored intensely, and they attract steadily growing interest from researchers. The low ionic conductivity of most hard and soft solid materials was initially too low for practical applications in supercapacitors, which require low internal resistance of a device and, consequently, highly conducting materials. Even if an additional separator may not be needed when the solid electrolyte already ensures reliable separation of the electrodes, the electrolytes prepared as films or membranes as thin as practically acceptable, resistance may still be too high even today. Recent developments with gel electrolytes sometimes approach or even surpass liquid electrolyte solutions, in terms of effective conductance. This includes materials based on biopolymers, renewable raw materials, materials with biodegradability, and better environmental compatibility. In addition, numerous approaches to improving the electrolyte/electrode interaction have yielded improvements in effective internal device resistance. Reported studies are reviewed, material combinations are sorted out, and trends are identified.
Shāh Walī Allāh Dihlawi (d. 1762): The Hajj Journey and Intellectual Scholarship Between India and Arabia
Authors: Shairani Khan
Published: November 2024

Rather than simply claiming the “unorthodox” or “pluralistic” mindset of an early modern Muslim thinker, this intellectual micro-history aims to show the complexity of Shāh Walī Allāh’s (d. 1762) thought-world. This article follows him to Mecca and Medina for the Hajj pilgrimage. While pilgrimage is traditionally included in the fundaments of Islamic practice, it is also important to realize that the majority of Muslims have not historically participated in this pilgrimage. Due to the physical limitations of travelling as the Muslim community rapidly expanded in the 7th century onwards, we have nearly a thousand years until the 18th century where only a select few Muslims, usually wealthy enough to make the arduous journey, participated in the yearly practice. This created a complex culture of pilgrims in the Holy Cities with the cities functioning as informal circles of scholarship. Shāh Walī Allāh Dihlawī engages in this knowledge production process while carrying out the mandatory rituals associated with the Hajj pilgrimage. Thus, this article shows that the complex interplay of Walī Allāh with Meccan and Medinan scholars is a highly dynamic process with unexpected outcomes as specific sacred geography interacts with the conceptual (and genealogical) categories that scholarly pilgrims bring with them to this intellectual encounter. In doing so, we catch a glimpse of the 18th century through a very particular set of Indian Sufi eyes.
University Students’ Views on the Challenges Faced by Students with Difficulties
Authors: de Azua Sonia Ruiz , Ozamiz-Etxebarria Naiara , Picaza Maitane , Jiménez-Etxebarria Eneritz , Idoiaga Nahia
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The pursuit of an inclusive university is rooted in the commitment to ensuring equal opportunities within the educational landscape. Over the years, the notion of “inclusion” has significantly evolved, becoming a central aspect of individual rights. This shift has led to the development of various models and guidelines to provide equitable treatment to all students. Objectives: This study aims to explore the perceptions of students regarding inclusive education at a university in the north of Spain. It seeks to understand the reasons behind these perceptions, providing insights into the effectiveness of the current inclusion strategies. Methods: We conducted an online survey distributed across various faculties at a university in the north of Spain, with participation from 519 students. The data collected from the survey were coded and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 28 to generate descriptive and comparative statistics. Results: The findings reveal that 2.5% of the students have experienced discrimination at some point, with 2.9% attributing such discrimination to their peers. Furthermore, 25% of the respondents acknowledged the presence of discrimination initiated by the university itself. Despite these challenges, a significant majority (88.8%) recognize the importance of inclusive education. However, 43.4% of the participants noted that the attitudes of some faculty members towards inclusion were suboptimal. Additionally, 82.9% of the respondents believe in the necessity of enhancing collaboration within the entire educational community to foster better inclusion. Discussion and Conclusions: Overall, the students view the university as inclusive but identify a gap in the awareness and training necessary for achieving true equality. These findings indicate a need for heightened visibility of resources and the provision of further training and workshops. Although the response rate to the survey was relatively low, further research might benefit from engaging a broader spectrum of student voices, especially those from non-normative or divergent backgrounds, to deepen the understanding of inclusivity at the university.
Sustainable Development Strategies and Good Agricultural Practices for Enhancing Agricultural Productivity: Insights and Applicability in Developing Contexts—The Case of Angola
Authors: Eliseu Eduardo E. , Lima Tânia M. , Gaspar Pedro D.
Published: November 2024

In general, agricultural productivity in Angola is low due to the limited awareness among stakeholders regarding sustainable development strategies (DSs) and good agricultural practices (GAPs) that could be adjusted to local crops, soil types, and climatic conditions. A structured approach was followed to develop a systematic literature review (SLR) that can address this gap by examining how DSs and GAPs may be adapted for Angola’s context to encourage sustainable agricultural development. Key steps included the selection and exclusion of literature from primary scientific databases based on specific screening indicators such as the publication date, language, relevance to DSs and GAPs, and geographic focus on developing or developed nations with comparable agricultural challenges. The initial search resulted in 11,392 articles, of which 4257 met the primary selection criteria. After further screening for relevance and availability, 98 articles were shortlisted, and 15 studies were ultimately included for in-depth analysis. This strict screening process ensured the inclusion of studies most applicable to Angola’s agricultural context. The key research findings indicate that certain DSs and GAPs have high adaptability potential for Angola. The findings emphasise practices such as drip irrigation and inorganic fertilisation, which are widely implemented in both developed and developing countries due to their efficiency in resource-limited environments. Additional strategies, such as water management systems, organic composting, and agroforestry practices, demonstrate significant potential to enhance soil fertility, water efficiency, and crop resilience against climate variability. By identifying these practices and strategies, this study provides a basic framework for policymakers in Angola to develop targeted implementation guidelines, fostering sustainable agricultural growth and resilience in the face of climatic challenges. Thus, this review contributes to the scientific and practical understanding of sustainable agriculture in developing countries, offering critical insights that support Angola’s efforts to achieve greater self-sufficiency and economic stability through sustainable agricultural practices.
Exploring Sustainable Remediation Options: The Mycodegradation of Halogenated Nitroaromatic Compounds by Caldariomyces fumago
Authors: Aguilar Gerardo , Khudur Leadin S. , Shah Kalpit V. , Ball Andrew S.
Published: November 2024

Chlorinated and fluorinated nitrophenols (HNCs) are widely used in agriculture and industry, with a global market valued at USD $25 billion, one which is expected to grow by 5% by 2030. However, these compounds pose significant environmental risks; they are classified as toxic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Existing treatment methods include advanced oxidation, adsorption, and bioremediation, though to date, there has been only limited research on fungal remediation of these halogenated pollutants. This study aims to explore a sustainable approach by using fungi’s potential to degrade HNCs in minimal media. Ten fungi were selected through literature screening; Caldariomyces fumago and Curvularia sp. were highly effective, degrading over 50% of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol (2C4NP) and 80% of 5-fluoro-2-nitrophenol (5F2NP) within 24 and 48 h, respectively. Additionally, five strains showed degradation potential for fluorinated compounds. Further studies revealed C. fumago could degrade up to 1 mM of chlorinated compounds and 12 mM of fluorinated compounds, far exceeding any known environmental concentrations of HNCs; importantly, ecotoxicology tests demonstrated reductions in toxicity of 77% and 85%, respectively. This work highlights fungi’s underexplored ability to degrade toxic HNCs, offering a sustainable mycoremediation strategy and positioning mycology as a critical tool for future environmental remediation efforts.
Beef Carcasses Aged at Mild Temperature to Improve Sustainability of Meat Production
Authors: Ndereyimana André , Contò Michela , Chiariotti Antonella , Renzi Gianluca , Failla Sebastiana
Published: November 2024

Beef carcass aging, which enhances tenderness and flavor through proteolysis, is traditionally costly and slow, requiring long-term storage at temperatures near 0 °C. To reduce energy consumption, a new technique using moderate cooling room temperatures was tested. Six carcasses of Holstein bulls were used. From each carcass, two shoulders were processed in different ways: one was refrigerated at 8 °C (W), and after spraying with a solution with calcium chloride and sodium chloride, was coated with sodium alginate. The other shoulder was stored at 2 ± 1 °C as a cold control (C). After five days of aging, the shoulders were dissected, and two muscles (Caput longum triceps brachii and Supraspinatus) were subjected to physico-chemical analysis, microbiological safety assessment, and sensory testing. The remaining samples of both muscles were stored in domestic conditions for an additional 5 days at various temperatures (2, 4, 8 °C), where the same physic-chemical and sensory tests were conducted. The results showed that moderate aging temperature improved meat quality, significantly reducing the shear force (p = 0.001) and increasing sarcomere length, the myofibrillar fragmentation index, and sensory tenderness (p = 0.042, p = 0.039, and p = 0.027, respectively). However, domestic storage post-dissection should not exceed 4 °C to prevent rapid lipid oxidation, as observed at 8 °C for both muscles (p < 0.001). Mild aging temperature maintained legal safety standards, enhanced certain meat qualities, and promoted enzymatic activity similar to traditional dry aging while reducing high energy consumption.
Enhancing the SDG 6 Index: Implementing New Directions and Trends in Priorities of Integrated Water Resources Management Principles in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Talpur Zenobia , Choi Si-Jung , Chung Il-Moon
Published: November 2024

Enhancement of water and sanitation management acts as a significant component of global development as it is part of the United Nation’s sixth Sustainable Development Goal. Due to peculiar geographical and climatic attributes of the country and sincere efforts toward implementing IWRM, South Korea has improved its position in the SDG 6 index. The purpose of this research work is to evaluate the advancements that have been made in the IWRM of South Korea from 2018 to 2023 concerning policy changes, technical advancements, and societal engagement. Thus, this paper, through surveys and literature review, examines the measures that have been taken in the recent past to address the hydrological vulnerabilities resulting from climate change, as depicted by the UN Environment Program. Centrally, since South Korea has become more sensitive to climate change effects, and thus hydrological issues, the findings will assist in the improvement of current IWRM processes and help them achieve the SDG 6 goals. This study implies that there should be sustainable water management practices that balance natural and human interferences amidst prevailing climate change effects.
Novels by A.A. Zinoviev as works of a new genre
Authors:   Faculty of Philosophy, Theology and Religious Studies of the Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy named after F.M. Dostoevsky, Khmara I.V. , Komovskaya E.V. ,   Russian Language Department of the Military Educational and Scientifi c Center of the Navy “Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union N.G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy”
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the novels of A.A. Zinoviev from the perspective of genre specificity and artistic techniques that the author inherits from previous literature. Proximity to the artistic traditions of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin and J. Swift’s texts allow us to consider Zinoviev’s texts in the context of world artistic culture, but the peculiarities of the organization of the novel space and the angle of the writer's point of view on social reality indicate that his novels do not fit into the usual genre canons and should be considered as sociological novels. The results obtained expand the traditional understanding of the genre of the novel, describe interesting author’s intentions of the world order, reveal the relationship between the artistic word and sociological statistical data, and give impetus to further research of the creative work of an extraordinary writer.
Th e concept of human image in the artistic heritage of A.A. Zinoviev
Authors:   Russian Language Department of the Military Educational and Scientifi c Center of the Navy “Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union N.G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy”, Komovskaya E.V. , Khmara I.V. ,   Faculty of Philosophy, Theology and Religious Studies of the Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy named after F.M. Dostoevsky
Published: November 2024

The work analyzes the concepts of human representation in the art trilogy of A.A. Zinoviev. The specific genre features of his novels are described, which dictate a new form of representation of a person completely impersonal and stereotyped. The supra-individual nature of his characters is emphasized, which are generally represented by three varieties: ibans, homos, postmen, each of which has its own extreme poles. Specific techniques have been identified that distinguish the novel heroes of the artistic space A.A. Zinoviev: the heroes of the trilogy are compared with the options for representing the character in a classic novel, on the basis of which specific artistic techniques of the image are distinguished, characteristic only of the sociological novels of A.A. Zinoviev. The conclusions obtained as a result of the analysis of typed heroes of the art trilogy allow us to talk about the creation of a new genre of the novel — sociological, in which the concept of human representation undergoes deep author's processing, as a result, the hero is not interesting as a person, but as the embodiment of a particular idea, and conditional impersonal heroes represent a world without conventions, in all its potential possibilities, this is the phenomenon of A.A. Zinoviev, which turned the conditional form of the novel into a statistically life-like diagnostic social sentence to modern society.
Digital technologies in the process of employment of disabled people: foreign experience
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ufa Universit y of Science and Technology, Ufa, Bolshakova N. L.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the foreign experience of employment of people with disabilities in the era of digitalization, which are significantly more effective than traditional forms of employment promotion for people with disabilities. It is noted that digitalization in the field of employment also contributes to increasing labor productivity and integrating people with disabilities into society. A special role belongs to Internet platforms for the employment of people with disabilities.
Causas y consecuencias de la desnaturalización del habeas corpus
Authors: Paredes Carcelén Bebsi Alexandra , Morales Castro Samuel , Briones Moreira Celeste
Published: November 2024

El habeas corpus, como garantía fundeamental del individuo frente a detenciones arbitrarias e ilegales, ha sido históricamente un baluarte de los sistemas democráticos. El objetivo del estudio es dilucidar causas y consecuencias de la desnaturalización del habeas corpus en el Ecuador, para la determinación de su efectividad como garantía constitucional. Es un estudio jurídico, enmarcado en el enfoque cualitativo, paradigma interpretativo y método hermenéutico. La muestra estuvo conformada documentos seleccionados de manera intencional. Los resultados revelan que, a pesar del reconocimiento del habeas corpus como un derecho esencial en la Constitución de 2008, la realidad actual muestra que su aplicación enfrenta desafíos significativos. Se concluye que, El habeas corpus, como herramienta de cuidado de los derechos humanos, ha demostrado ser crucial para salvaguardar la libertad y la integridad de las personas ante detenciones ilegales o arbitrarias. Sin embargo, en algunos casos, políticos detenidos han intentado utilizarla para servir a sus intereses personales y evadir la justicia
Autonomía universitaria en Ecuador: Retos y perspectivas en el contexto de la educación superior
Authors: Coronel Barros Christian Mauricio , Palomeque Mendieta Claudio Antonio , González Veintimilla Mariela Isabel , Quinde Quizhpi Luis Ernesto
Published: November 2024

La autonomía universitaria es un principio fundamental que garantiza la independencia política y administrativa de las universidades, permitiéndoles autogobernarse y tomar decisiones sobre su organización interna, programas académicos y selección de autoridades sin interferencias externas. El objetivo de esta investigación es realizar una revisión sistemática sobre la autonomía universitaria en Ecuador sus retos y perspectivas. La presente investigación fue desarrollada bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño longitudinal retrospectivo y un alcance descriptivo. Para llevar a cabo este estudio, se utilizaron diversas bases de datos académicas, como Google Schoolar, SciELO, Latindex, Dialnet y Scopus, abarcando los últimos cinco años desde 2019 a julio de 2024. Fueron incluidos en el análisis luego de la revisión cuatro informes SciELO= 2, Latindex= 1 y Google Schoolar= 1. Los estudios analizados revelan que la autonomía universitaria en Ecuador enfrenta múltiples desafíos, incluyendo la influencia del Estado, la competencia entre instituciones y la necesidad de adaptarse a un entorno cambiante. Sin embargo, también se identifican oportunidades para fortalecer la autonomía, como el acceso a financiamiento internacional y la implementación de prácticas de gobernanza que promuevan la participación y la responsabilidad social.
Principio de oportunidad y contradicción de la prueba en las garantías jurisdiccionales en Ecuador
Authors: Balla Chacaguasay Francisco , Granja Ramos Franklin Eduardo
Published: November 2024

El marco normativo de Ecuador en relación con las garantías constitucionales presenta inconsistencias en cuanto a la oportunidad y contradicción de la prueba, generando incertidumbre sobre si la regulación vigente afecta estos principios esenciales del debido proceso. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el procedimiento de las garantías constitucionales en Ecuador, con especial atención a los principios de oportunidad y contradicción de la prueba, para determinar si la regulación vigente vulnera estos principios. Se empleó un análisis documental crítico que revisó la normativa, doctrina y jurisprudencia nacional, complementada con un análisis comparado de otros sistemas jurídicos. Los resultados evidenciaron que la ambigüedad en los momentos procesales para la presentación de pruebas afecta al legitimado pasivo, dejándolo en una situación de indefensión y comprometiendo su derecho a una defensa adecuada. En conclusión, se propone una reforma legal que defina de manera clara los momentos para el anuncio de las pruebas, con el fin de fortalecer el principio de contradicción y garantizar un debido proceso equilibrado en las acciones constitucionales.
Negativa de inscripción en el registro de la propiedad en Ecuador: Resolución tras la reforma del COGEP
Authors: Salazar Aguila Jefferson Hermogenes
Published: November 2024

El presente estudio aborda las deficiencias jurídicas en la resolución de negativas registrales impuestas por el Registrador de la Propiedad en el marco legal ecuatoriano. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar las implicaciones del Artículo 11 de la Ley de Registro y determinar la competencia judicial para resolver las negativas registrales, así como la ausencia de un procedimiento claro en la normativa vigente. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo, se empleó una metodología cualitativa, basada en el análisis documental de normas jurídicas, incluyendo la Ley de Registro, el Código Orgánico General de Procesos (COGEP) y jurisprudencia relevante. También se realizó un estudio comparativo con otros marcos legales y doctrinas relacionadas con la seguridad jurídica en los registros públicos. Los resultados indican que no se especifica un juez competente para resolver las negativas impuestas por el registrador y que no existe un procedimiento especial para la tramitación de dichas negativas, lo cual afecta la seguridad jurídica. Además, se identificó que el procedimiento voluntario no es adecuado para resolver controversias de esta naturaleza, debido a la existencia de un conflicto entre la negativa del registrador y la solicitud de impugnación. Se concluye que es necesaria una reforma a la Ley de Registro para esclarecer el procedimiento y definir la competencia judicial, proponiendo que el Juez de lo Civil sea el encargado de resolver estas controversias. La implementación de estas reformas contribuiría a fortalecer la seguridad jurídica en el ámbito registral en Ecuador
Geoprocessamento para análise comparativa de cobertura vegetal no município de Landri Sales–PI
Authors: Silva Raynara Ferreira da , Sousa Moema Barbosa de , Santos Graziele Nunes Lopes dos , Fonseca Walderya Messias da , Silva Ravenna Araujo
Published: November 2024

O desflorestamento tem crescido em valor significativo, enquanto aumenta o consumo por produtos oriundos de recursos naturais. Esse crescimento impacta diretamente as florestas, pois os produtos oferecidos do mercado tem matéria-prima proveniente dos recursos naturais. Em Landri Sales, um dos fatores que reduz a cobertura vegetal é a atividade agrícola que tem se expandido na região. Desse modo, um dos mecanismos eficientes para monitorar esse comportamento é conduzida por meio do geoprocessamento. Com isso, este estudo buscou realizar uma análise comparativa da cobertura vegetal no município de Landri Sales–PI, entre os anos de 2022 e 2023.  Para isso, foram utilizados arquivos shapes do perímetro do município retirado do site do IBGE. Após o download das cenas e dos arquivos SHP referente ao território do município, usou-se o software Qgis para o processamento de dados. Foi constatado que no ano de 2022 a área alterada foi de 26938,4126 ha, enquanto em 2023 a área alterada foi de 33356,6525 ha, tendo um leve aumento de 6418,24 ha. O fenômeno El Niño impacta a região Nordeste ao provocar uma seca mais intensa, resultando em uma redução significativa na quantidade de chuvas. Isso leva a uma diminuição drástica na disponibilidade de recursos hídricos, afetando diretamente a vegetação da região.
Preparing for net zero greenhouse gas emissions in 2050: lifecycle emissions of dairy products in Brazil
Authors: França Antonio de Sant’Anna Limongi , Aguiar Alexandre de Oliveira e , Pessoa Marcelo Schneck de Paula , Amato Neto João , Pacca Sérgio Almeida
Published: November 2024

Dairy products play an important role in human nutrition and the world economy. Livestock farming, including cows rearing to produce milk and dairy products, is one of the world's major sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Progress towards net zero goals requires monitoring emissions from companies and products, and greenhouse gas inventories are essential. This work quantifies greenhouse gas emissions from milk production, considering the milk delivered at the farm gate and the milk delivered at the cooperative gate. Emissions accounting was based on greenhouse gas inventories for two units and lifecycle emissions for major farm inputs. Results have shown that milk production on the farm emits 0.57 kg CO2e / liter, with enteric fermentation accounting for more than 90% of emissions at the farm gate, and more than 50% at the milk processing unit gate. Dairy production adds 0.533 kg CO2e / liter to the emissions coming from raw milk, most of which comes from wastewater treatment. Thus, the footprint of dairy products is 1.103 kg CO2e / liter of processed milk. The producers' cooperative's greenhouse gas emissions are essentially indirect and amount to 0.626 kg CO2e/liter of milk delivered to customers, in which emissions from purchased milk account for more than 85% and emissions from transportation account for around 15%.