bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FOLLOW UP CASES OF BEDAQUILINE IN XDR-TB PATIENTS: NOVEL CASE SERIES
Authors: Malek Shahenaz , Sinha Anita , Singh Anil
Published: December 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death and the leading cause from a single infectious agent. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB)
remains a public health crisis and a health security threat. Aglobal total of 2,06,030 people with multidrug or Rifampicin-resistant TB (MDR/RRTB) were detected and notied in 2019. Bedaquiline to be used to treat drug resistant TB.The drug is available as part of second line treatment for
patients suffering from MDR-TB and XDR-TB. The drug recently underwent clinical trials at the national level in certain hospitals for safety and
efcacy.Because XDR TB is resistant to the most potent TB drugs, the remaining treatment options are less effective, have more side effects, and
are more expensive3.
EFFECTIVENESS OF ISONIAZID PREVENTIVE THERAPY ON INCIDENCE OF TUBERCULOSIS AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN SOUTHERN MAHARASHTRA
Authors: Doshi Yagnesh Dhiren , Anita Basavaraj
Published: December 2022

Tuberculosis being the foremost opportunistic infection associated with Human Immunodeciency Virus infection contributes to high morbidity
and mortality among HIV seropositive persons. As per World Health Organisation TB statistics for 2020, and the India TB Report 2021- The
incidence of TB cases including HIV in India was 193 per 100000 population, of which mortality was 32 per 100000 cases. Isoniazid Preventive
Therapy reduces the reactivation of latent Tuberculosis infection and reduces the risk of acquiring TB by 70-90% among HIV co-infected
individuals. WHO recommends use of ART and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) combination to reduce the burden of TB among HIV infected
patients. Considering the benets of IPT in PLHIV patients, this study was conducted over a period of 2 years from January 2020 to December 2021
in patients attending ART OPD of a tertiary care hospital in southern Maharashtra. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted on
patients attending ART OPD along with General Medicine OPD at a tertiary care hospital from January 2020 to December 2021. A total of 1497
PLHIV patients were started on IPT during this period and followed up. Results 92.18% i.e. 1380 of 1497 patients completed 6 months of IPT with
remaining 7.82% i.e. 117 patients not able to complete the entire 6 months due to treatment related side effects, follow up difculties or mortality.
Of 1497 patients, only 2 patients (0.13%) developed Pulmonary Tuberculosis after initiation of IPT and the remaining didn't show any signs or
symptoms of tuberculosis on follow up. Conclusion Results of IPT in PLHIV were highly effective with only 0.13% i.e. 2 patients developing
Tuberculosis during the course of treatment with the remaining not having tuberculosis even on follow up or being reported till date. The results of
the study along with other studies conducted worldwide clearly indicate the effectiveness of IPT in PLHIV and thereby its implementation should
be further strengthened.
HUGHES REPAIR VERSUS VERTICAL MATTRESS SUTURE FOR LAPAROTOMY WOUND CLOSURE- A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: M Vedanth , Naveen Kumar Yadav Bangaru Venkata , Sreeramulu PN
Published: December 2022

Background: Laparotomy is one of the most common surgeries performed by general surgeons in emergency as well as elective settings. The most
frequent complications following midline laparotomy includes incisional hernias, which develop in 10-15 % of patients and surgical site infections
in 15-25 % of cases. 1 Thus, the placement of incision and suturing of the abdominal layers is the most common procedure done in operative
surgery. Acute wound failure occurs in approximately 1% to 3% of patients who undergo an abdominal operation. Dehiscence most often develops
7 to 10 days postoperatively but may occur any time after surgery, from 1 to more than 20 days.2 Hughes repair combines a standard mass closure
(two loop 1-PDS sutures) with a series of horizontal and two vertical mattress sutures within a single suture (1 Nylon). Evaluate the Objectives:
efcacy of Hughes technique versus vertical mattress closure in patient undergoing midline laparotomy in terms of
1. Surgical site infection
2. Wound dehiscence
3. Post-operative pain
4. Duration of hospital stay.
Materials& Methods: Prospective, comparative study, A total of 30 patients undergoing abdominal midline laparotomy from March 2020 to
August 2020 in Department Of General Surgery at R.L Jalappa Hospital and Research Centre, Tamaka, Kolar were considered for this study.
Conclusion: We concluded that there is no difference between the two groups but Hughes repair had lesser post-operative pain but was more time
consuming and prolonged the duration of the surgery. Whether to recommend this still remains doubtful and requires longer follow up and a larger
sample size.
SURGICAL OUTCOME OF CONJUNCTIVALAUTOGRAFT USING AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PTERYGIUM SURGERY AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN KASHMIR
Authors: Zahoor Haziqa , Maqbool Aakifa
Published: December 2022

Background: Pterygium refers to a wing shaped brovascular growth of subconjunctival tissue that encroaches onto the cornea. Main modality of
treatment of pterygium is surgical. Aim: To determine the surgical outcome of conjunctival autograft xation using autologous blood in patients
attending OPD of Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Srinagar. Methods: This was a prospective interventional study
conducted on 60 patients with primary pterygium attending the Department of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care centre in Kashmir over a period of 2
years from June 2019 to June 2021. Patients with recurrent pterygium, past history of ocular trauma and patients with bleeding diathesis were
excluded from the study. Proper history was taken from all the patients and a detailed ophthalmological examination was done which included
uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), IOP measurement. Detailed anterior segment and posterior segment
examination was done. Results: Our study indicated mean age of patients as 55±3 years. There were 40 female patients (66.7%) and 20 male
patients (33.3%). Majority of patients presented with grade-2 and grade-3 pterygium accounting for 50% and 25% cases respectively.
Postoperative complications such as subconjunctival haemorrhage, graft edema, graft retraction and corneal epithelial defect were seen in 10%,
55%, 5% and 50% cases respectively. Graft loss and conjunctival granuloma were not seen in any of the patients in our study. Overall surgical
outcome was good in our study patients with no postoperative complications at the end of 6 weeks follow-up. Conclusion: Our study concluded
that majority of the patients who underwent pterygium excision with graft xation using autologous blood were females with grade-2 and grade-3
pterygium. Surgical outcome using autologous blood as a bioadhesive is a useful and good alternative to xation of conjunctival autograft using
sutures or brin glue.
ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IN YOUNG ADULTS IN TERTIARY HEALTH CENTER OF RURAL TELANGANA.
Authors: Jain Archana , Rao A Rakshitha , Tubachi Aruna
Published: December 2022

As the incidence of non communicable disease is increasing we are nding many young patients getting admitted with Acute coronary syndrome.
This is a retrospective study of young adults below 46 yrs of age in our medical college from rural central India over a period of March 2020 to
March 2021. This consists of comprehensive data of management, risk factors & clinical features of young acute coronary syndrome. Methods:
108 patients who underwent coronary angiogram were included in this study. This is a retrospective record based cross sectional study including
patients with acute coronary syndrome of less than 46 years age group at RVM Institute of medical sciences and research center during March 2020
to March 2021. Demographic details, risk factors and investigations and ndings were noted. This is a record based study. Results: Mean age of the
patients was 38.86years with a standard deviation of 5.325years and patient with least age was 27years. STEMI, NSTEMI and Unstable angina
were found to be 48.1%, 18.5% and 33.3% respectively. Age of the individuals admitted with ACS are as follows <30 yrs (10.2%), 30-35(20.4%),
35-40(26.9%), 40-45(42.6%). Male 63% and female constituting 37% of population. Risk factors including Hypertension(19%), diabetes
mellitus(13%), alcohol(32%), smoking(12%). Ejection fraction of <40 constituting 8.3%, 40-50 constituting 28.7%, 50-60 constituting 35.2%,
>60 constitutes 27.8%. management medically done for 68% patients by thrombolytics, managed by PTCAfor 33% and by CABG for 4% patients.
In 33% of patients managed by PTCA, single stent is used for around 75% of patients. Two stents(19%), three stents and four stents for 3% each.
20% of individuals are diagnosed with normal coronaries, followed by single vessel disease(25%), double vessel disease(12%), triple vessel
disease(2%), LMCAlesion(2%), myocardial bridging(18%), coronaries with slow ow(16%), recanalised coronaries(4%), with patent stent(2%).
In our study obstructive lesion constitutes 42% and non-obstructive constituting 58%, predominantly involving LAD with mid part of the coronary.
Conclusion: out of 480 patients who got admitted with acute coronary syndrome of all the age groups 108 patients were found to be less than
46years. Our study concludes male predominance in young acute coronary syndrome. Presence of risk factors like hypertension and smoking more
predominantly. STEMI with Anterior wall myocardial infarction being most common, predominantly single vessel disease affecting mid part of
LAD. Majority were managed medically followed by mechanical reperfusion.
A SURVEY ON HAND HYGIENE PRACTICES LEARNT FROM COVID19 PANDEMIC BY URBAN POPULATION IN WEST INDIA
Authors: Srivastava Preeti
Published: December 2022

Introduction- Hand washing with soap (HWWS) was suggested as effective measure for preventing SARS Cov -2 transmission and apart from
COVID infection in has benet in prevention of gastrointestinal infection, soil borne parasitic infection and other respiratory infection therefore
this hand hygiene practice if adopted as a life style change could prevent other infections. Study design- The present study is a questionnaire based
one to access the compliance of general public if they could sustain hand hygiene practices in post pandemic period for better prevention of possible
outbreaks in near future. Results– The total of 319 respondents participated in the study with 141(44.20%) males and 178 (55.8%) females. The
frequency of hand washing in COVID19 pandemic was more than ten times a day as reported by 176(55.2%) of respondents followed by ve to ten
times per day by 107(33.5%) and less than ve times a day by 36(11.3%) of respondents. The post pandemic hand washing frequency showed a
decrease as 36(11.3%) respondents reported hand washing frequency of more than ten times a day, 29(9.1%) reporting ve to ten times a day and
254(79.60%) respondents with less than ve times a day. 204(63.9%) of respondents did not intend to follow hand hygiene practices after
COVID19 pandemic phase is over in comparison to 115(36.10%) who wish to follow in post pandemic era.315 (98.80%) did wash hands after
going for toilet, 142 (44.5%) before preparing food, 314(98.4%) before eating food, 82(25.70%) on arrival at home, 81(25.43%) after work ,
95(29.80%) before touching face and 273(85.6%) after sneezing and coughing. However the sex wise difference was not statistically signicant.
The frequencies of hand washing in pandemic and post pandemic time which shows decline in adoption of hand washing frequencies and the result
was statistically signicant, p value <.05. Conclusion- Hand hygiene should be emphasized, nurtured by frequent awareness programs and
education so that our population adopts safe hygiene practices as hand hygiene is by far most effective way in curtailing spread of communicable
and infectious disease making our masses prepared for future outbreaks.
Variasi dan Kombinasi Permainan Gerak Dasar Atletik Lompat dalam Pembelajaran PJOK Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Prabowo Eko Mukti , Mintarto Edy , Nurkholis Nurkholis
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan variasi dan kombinasi permainan gerak dasar atletik lompat pada pembelajaran PJOK berdasarkan Kurikulum 2013. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengembangan, menggunakan 1-7 langkah dari 10 langkah pengembangan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan persentase. Langkah-langkah dari proses ini disebut sebagai siklus Research & Development. Hasil penelitian meliputi evaluasi ahli, serta uji coba kelompok kecil dan besar di mana (1) hasil evaluasi 3 ahli permainan diperoleh hasil 79,99%, sedangkan evaluasi 2 ahli pembelajaran diperoleh hasil 84,78% dengan kriteria baik; (2) hasil uji coba kelompok kecil diperoleh hasil 88,74% dan untuk guru diperoleh hasil 98% dengan kriteria baik, sedangkan hasil uji coba kelompok besar diperoleh hasil 88,71% dan untuk guru diperoleh hasil 95,5% dengan kriteria baik, sehingga dapat digunakan model permainan peserta didik kelas V di Kecamatan Bareng Kabupaten Jombang. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menekankan pada model pembelajaran atletik lompat yang sesuai dengan pendekatan tematik melalui permainan, peserta didik dapat belajar secara efektif, efisien, dan menyenangkan.
Variations and Combinations of Jumping Athletics Basic Motion Games in PJOK Learning in Elementary Schools
Abstract
The aim of this research is to develop variations and combinations of basic motion games in jumping athletics in PJOK learning based on the 2013 Curriculum. The type of research used in this research is development, using 1-7 steps of 10 steps of development. The data analysis technique used is a quantitative descriptive analysis technique with a percentage. The steps of this process are usually referred to as the Research & Development cycle. The results of the study include expert evaluations, as well as small and large group trials wheres, (2) the results of the evaluation of 3 game experts, the results obtained 79.99%, while the evaluation of 2 learning experts obtained the results of 84.78% with a good criteria; (2) the results of small group trials, the results obtained 88.74% and for teachers the results obtained 98% with good information, while the results of large group trials obtained 88.71% results and for teachers the results obtained 95.5% with good information, so The game model for fifth grade students in Bareng District, Jombang Regency can be used. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the jumping athletic learning model that is in accordance with the thematic approach through games, students can learn effectively, efficiently, and fun.
Strategi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Adaptif di Sekolah Dasar Inklusif
Authors: Fridayati Baiq Amalia , Lubis Muhammad Ridwan , Fitriatun Erna , Yusuf Rusdiana
Published: December 2022

Guru memiliki strategi tersendiri sehingga belum ada persamaan persepsi tentang strategi pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani adaptif bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekplorasi strategi pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani adaptif di sekolah inklusif SDN 20 Mataram. Jenis dari penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru pendidikan jasmani di SDN 20 Mataram yang berjumlah 1 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dengan triangulasi sumber. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani adaptif di SDN 20 Mataram terlaksana dengan baik dengan tercapainya tujuan pendidikan jasmani adaptif yaitu agar anak berkebutuhan khusus dapat beradaptasi dengan lingkungannya. (2) Pendidikan jasmani adaptif sama dengan pendidikan jasmani biasa, namun pada pelaksanannya untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus diberikan modifikasi dan strategi pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani adaptif yang diterapkan dengan 3 teknik, yaitu teknik modifikasi pembelajaran, lingkungan, dan aktivitas belajar.
Effect of Cash Flow, Profit and Corporate Governance on Financial Distress Conditions
Authors: Suharni Siti , Rochman Fatchur
Published: December 2022

In 2008, Indonesia witnessed a global financial crisis. Due to variations in the rupiah currency rate, importers encountered financial difficulties, which was one of the effects. On September 3, 2019, the exchange rate between the rupiah and the U.S. dollar fell to 14,230 per dollar. This Study's Objective Is To Evaluate The Impact of Cash Flow, Profit, And Corporate Governance On Financial Disaster Conditions (Study on Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2018). Secondary data from the 2015-2018 annual reports of manufacturing enterprises collected from www.idx.co.id were used for this study. There are 135 manufacturing enterprises in all. There are 22 manufacturing enterprises in the sample. The findings revealed that the Cash Flow Variable had no impact on financial distress. Variable profit has a detrimental impact on financial distress. The Board of Directors variable does not affect financial distress. The Board of Commissioners variable does not affect financial distress. The variable Institutional Ownership hurts financial distress. The contribution of research to the firm's Board of Directors is a consideration of the company's financial status in order for the company to have good financial reports and prevent financial difficulty. Investors and creditors must pay close attention to the company's. Financial condition and be selective and cautious about the company's actual condition.
Treatment of Pragmatic Information in the Chinese-English Dictionary
Authors: Xia Lixin
Published: December 2022

The study aims to investigate the pragmatic information in Chinese-English dictionaries. A general survey was made to examine the status quo of the pragmatic information in the existing Chinese-English dictionaries. It was found that all large- and medium-sized dictionaries under investigation provided some pragmatic information. However, these dictionaries only provided the pragmatic information about the Chinese headword but not the English equivalent. The author argues that since the target users of these dictionaries are Chinese EFL learners, they should state clearly the pragmatic differences between the headword in the source language and the equivalent in the target language. Moreover, the cultural notes provided should be focused on the English equivalents instead.
Impact of Knowledge Sharing on Innovative Work Behaviour: Evidence from Private Universities of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md. Shamimul
Published: December 2022

The study aims to investigate the impact of knowledge sharing (KS) on employees’ innovative work behavior. To conduct this research, 90 respondents from 4 private universities of the Sylhet region of Bangladesh were surveyed conveniently through a structured questionnaire; then the responses were analyzed by conducting correlation and regression analysis using SPSS software to test the hypotheses. Correlation analysis reveals that the two dimensions of knowledge sharing i.e., knowledge donation, and knowledge collection has a significant and positive relationship with the innovative work behavior of faculty members, besides regression analysis shows that the two dimensions of knowledge sharing depicted in the model explain about 34 percent of innovative work behavior among the academics of private universities. It has also been found that knowledge collection (KC) has comparatively more influence on employee’s innovative work behavior (IWB) than knowledge donation (KD). Therefore, findings of this study have significant implications to the university authority to ensure sustainable competitive advantage over rivals through academics’ innovative work behavior by cultivating a knowledge sharing culture among their institutions.
Molecular Docking Interaction of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Enoyl-Acp-Reductase Enzyme with Delamaind
Authors: Neha Kumari , Malik Jitender K
Published: December 2022

One of the eldest human diseases is tuberculosis (TB), for which there is molecular evidence dating back more than 17,000 years. Unfortunately, TB is still one of the top 10 infectious diseases that kill people worldwide, second only to HIV, despite advances in detection and treatment. The World Health Organization (WHO) claims that TB is an international pandemic. It is the main cause of death for those with HIV. In India, the fight against TB has largely been divided into three eras throughout its history: the early era, before the development of x-ray and chemotherapy; the post- independence era, when national TB control programmes were started and put into place; and the current era, when an ongoing WHO-assisted TB control programme is in place. Today's DOTS in India. A new anti-tuberculosis (TB) medication called delamanid, a nitroimidazo-oxazole derivative, has strong in-vitro and in- vivo antitubercular action against drug-susceptible and -resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. With intention to propose the most probable mechanism of action of delamanid the docking based computational analysis has been performed against enyl ACP reductase (InhA) as targeted protein. The molecular docking of delamanid with enyl ACP reductase (InhA) showed binding energy (Kcal/mol) -10.86 having molecular interaction Lys165, Ala198, Phe149, Pro193, Met199, Glu219, Pro156, Met103 & Gly96. The concluding consequences of the existing research found out that the chosen molecule highly bounded with InhA thereby inhibiting the mycobacterial cell wall synthesis.
Errors in the Use of English: A Case of Primary School Pupils in Meme Division, with Focus on Morpheme and Word
Authors: A Ann-Marie Agbor A.
Published: December 2022

This study describes the performance of pupils in the First School Leaving Certificate (FSLC) examination English language composition paper in Kumba and neighbouring localities. It was reported by previous researchers that the performance of students in the GCE English paper was falling steadily. However, it was unfortunate that no research has checked what obtains at the level of the FSLC, which is the concern of the present study. To effectively tackle any problem it must begin from the roots. So, this study set out to analyze the grammatical features in the written production of Class Six pupils in the FSLC English language paper in Meme Division in the Southwest Region of Cameroon. This study was conducted to answer the question “what specific grammar features are observed in the written production?” The study had as main objective to identify specific grammar features in the writings of pupils in the basic schools around Meme Division. A descriptive survey design was adopted for this study, and it was carried out within the theoretical framework of error analysis propounded by S.P Corder (1974). The material for this study is the past FSLC English language composition scripts for the 2014, 2015, and 2016 academic year. A total of 168 scripts were collected for this study, that is, 56 scripts for each of the three academic year were collected. Errors were identified and classified under morphemic and word errors. The findings for the study revealed that, word error recorded 70.7% of 942 cases identified, while morphemic error recorded 29.2% of 942 errors identified. The researcher recommended that the government should ensure all teaching materials are available at the beginning of each academic year and to make sure that pedagogic inspectors do their job as they should.
Oral Mucosal Manifestations of Autoimmune Disorders: A Review
Authors: Jan Rahila , Agarwal Dr. Nitin , Tripathi Dr. Payal , Agarwal Dr. Neha , Chaudhary Dr. Krishankant , Fatima Dr. Somi
Published: December 2022

Immunity is the ability of the body to defend itself against infectious diseases. The immune system has developed to protect the host from a continually evolving universe of dangerous bacteria. In addition, the immune system aids the host in the elimination of hazardous substances or allergenic chemicals that enter the body through the mucosal membranes. Autoimmunity is characterised by disruptions in the immune system's control at multiple levels. To avoid the onset of autoimmunity, self-tolerance and discrimination between self and non- self work together. Tolerance is produced and maintained via a combination between negative selection in the thymus, the transcription factor AIRE, CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, and dendritic cells. Autoimmune disease occurs when the adaptive immune system pedestals an attack counter to healthy tissue. When the adaptive immune system attacks healthy tissue, autoimmune disease develops.
On English Translation Strategies of Conceptual Metaphors Based on the Chinese Traditional Culture-Loaded Terms——Take Xi Jinping: The Governance of China (Volume II) as an Example
Authors: Yan Chu , Yujie Xie
Published: December 2022

Xi Jinping: The Governance of China (Volume II) is a microcosm of the development of politics, economy and culture in China, in which the conceptual metaphor has aroused widespread concern in the translation community, and the translation of culture-loaded terms is an important bridge for other countries to understand the development of Chinese culture. Therefore, the accuracy of conceptual metaphor translation is particularly essential. This research mainly explores the metaphor translation of characteristic culture-loaded terms in Xi Jinping: The Governance of China (Volume II) from the perspective of conceptual metaphor, and summarizes the metaphor translation strategies of culture-loaded terms with Chinese characteristics, so as to promote Chinese culture to the world.
Formulation of Criminal Law Policy against Drug Users without a Distribution License
Authors: Setiyono Mashuri , Sabrina Nahdiya
Published: December 2022

Regarding drugs that do not have a distribution permit, it is necessary to understand the drugs in question beforehand. Medicine itself means that it is made from ingredients obtained directly from natural Indonesian ingredients, processed based on experience and used in medicine. In principle, drugs can benefit human health, but if the drugs do not have a distribution permit, of course, the drug will cause human disease. Drugs that do not have a distribution permit under the Health Act are widely circulated in the community, including hard drugs. Several drugs are prohibited from circulation, namely thalidomide, meclizine, and phenmetrazine.
Colonial and Post-Colonial Administrations and Fulani Rights in the Bamenda Grass fields of Cameroon, 1916-2020
Authors: Lukong Napoleon Konghaban
Published: December 2022

The British colonial administration in implementing various Fulani cattle herder schemes in the Bamenda Grass fields of Cameroon created a cleavage between the Fulani and the indigenous communities. This cleavage made it impossible for the new people to acquire local citizenship anywhere. This eventually was used by the unscrupulous and exploitative post-colonial administrators to deprive the herdsmen of their financial and judicial rights in the Bamenda Grass fields. Oftentimes, the same was used as a wedge by the administrators against inter-ethnic solidarity between the Fulani and the indigenous communities during anti-government political developments in the region. In either case, the rights of the Fulani people were abused by the administrators. That is, without ethnic citizenship, the Fulani were easily frightened by these administrators and forced to pay in kind or in cash for their land disputes with the locals to be annulled, shelved or abandoned. The same was used to obtain Fulani support during political upheavals in the region. The rights of Fulani can only be rendered less susceptible to abuse by bridging the differences created by the British colonial administrators between the indigenous peoples and the herdsmen in the Bamenda Grass fields.
Perioperative Nursing Care Standards in a SARS CoV-2 Infected Patient for Mandatory Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Ayoub Amal Omar , Folos Abdulomohsen
Published: December 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory corona virus-2 (SARS CoV-2) that started in late December 2019, lead to millions of infections and mortalities and disruption in routine clinical services, including surgical procedures. Such delay in routine; surgical procedures leads to a backlog of patients, including cardiac, planned for surgical interventions. The pandemic has presented healthcare workers with the unprecedented challenge of maintaining patient and personal safety dealing with patients, including surgical ones. The healthcare personnel in general and nurses caring confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in specific have a high risk of patients and self-safety concerns, especially under peri-operative care where aerosol-producing procedures are key components of care. Herein, we present the peri-operative nursing approach to a SARS CoV-2 infected patient, confirmed with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR), and remained positive as repeated four times in nearly four weeks, who underwent an essential coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), with specific focus to standard recommendations and protocols. Adherence by nursing staff to these recommended peri-operative protocols will mandate; both patient and nursing safety.
Humerus Shaft Fractures Managed by Locking Compression Plate
Authors: Kabir Md. Humayun , Mia Badsha , Amin Sadiqul , Akhter Niksar , Sarifuzzaman Sarifuzzaman
Published: December 2022

Background: The incidence of nonunion of humerus has been as high as 15% of all humeral fractures. Majority of humeral shaft fractures were treated by conservative treatment using splints, hanging arm cast, braces compromising anatomical reduction in view of wide range of movement of shoulder and elbow joint. Methods: The prospective study was conducted at Dept. of Ortho-Surgery, Sheikh Sayera Khatun Medical College & Hospital, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh from January 2021 to June 2022. Total 20 patients with fracture shaft humerus, who were treated with locking compression plate from the period were study. All patients are admitted and subjected to clinical & radiological examination, necessary lab investigations are carried out for proposed surgery. Regular follow up will be carried out by clinical examination and with X-rays at interval of 6 weeks, 3 months than 6 months and study will be conducted on a minimum of 20 patients. Results: Total 20 patients with fracture shaft humerus, who were treated with locking compression plate from the period of study. The age group of the patients in our study ranged from 15 years to 65 years. Most of the patients belong to 21- 40 years. 65% with male predominance (70%), with type A3 as the commonest fracture (50%) involving the mid shaft (70%) of humerus, underwent open reduction and internal fixation using locking compression plate. Conclusion: The age of the patient ranged from 15 years to 65. Majority of the patients were males. (M: F = 14: 6). In our series, left humerus was involved in 50% cases, while right was involved in the other 50% of cases.
Epidermoid Cyst of the Testis (About a Case)
Authors: Achta A.F. , Hamdaoui O. , Harouna M. , Touil N. , Tabakh H. , Siwane A. , Kacimi C. , Chikaoui N.
Published: December 2022

Epidermoid cyst (EC) of the testis is a rare benign tumor without malignant potential. The diagnosis can be made on ultrasound and MRI. In case of a single small lesion, conservative surgery is possible. It requires an anatomopathological confirmation per operative. It is a constantly benign tumor that must be differentiated from testicular teratomas, justifying the search for associated tumor contingents requiring orchiectomy.
Evaluation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) as a Predictor of Preeclampsia
Authors: Nahar Dr. Shamsun , Islam Dr. Mohammad Saiful
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy-induced disease characterized by hypertension, proteinuria and other systemic disorders after 20 weeks of gestation and is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The main pathological characteristics of preeclampsia are poor trophoblast cell invasion and uterine spiral artery remodeling dysfunction caused by placenta ischemia and oxidative stress. Nowadays, preeclampsia is considered to be the results of the interactions of genetic and environmental factors. However, its accurate pathogenesis remains unknown. It was considered IGF-1 might be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. As is known, the behaviors of cells, the formation of placenta and the growth of fetus are widely regulated by insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Several studies have shown that IGF-1 was significantly reduced in preeclampsia. Objectives: To assess the role of Insulin like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) as a Predictor of Preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective cohort study conducted in General Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit OPD, Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January, 2020 to December, 2020. Pregnant women between 8 weeks to 15 weeks were enrolled for study after fulfilling selection criteria. Serum concentration of Insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was assessed with cut off value of IGF-I 175.9 ng/ml. The value above 175.9 ng/ml was categorized as normal IGF-I and value below 175.9 ng/ml was categorized as low IGF-I. The patients who had value above 175.9 ng/ml were grouped as A. The value below 175.9 ng/ml was grouped as B. Then they were followed up monthly upto 28 weeks, two weekly upto 36 weeks, weekly upto delivery and puerperium for development of preeclampsia or not. All information was recorded in data collection sheet. Data were analyzed by SPSS-23. Data were compared and correlated among groups and presented by tables and figures. Result: Maternal serum concentration .....
Intermediate Uveitis: Epidemiological and Etiological Profile of 40 Cases
Authors: Othmane Belhadj
Published: December 2022

Intermediate uveitis is a relatively infrequent pathology. No predominance of age, sex, or race. Etiologies are dominated by mainly bacterial and inflammatory infectious causes, especially sarcoidosis, Behcet, and MS. The diagnosis is mainly clinical; paraclinical is an element of etiological orientation and severity. The prognosis is relatively good apart from the signs of severity represented by the macular, papillary, vasculitis, retinal detachment, and secondary glaucoma. In addition to etiological treatment, symptomatic treatment is based on corticotherapy or immunosuppressed by a general route if bilateral or intravitreal or a Sub‐Tenon anesthesia route if unilateral involvement.
Halil Fikret Kanad’ın Milliyet İdeali ve Topyekûn Millî Terbiye Yaklaşımı
Authors: UYGUN Selçuk
Published: December 2022

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, millî bir devlet olarak inşa edilmiştir. Bu inşa sürecinde eğitime yüklenen en önemli rol, Atatürk ilke ve inkılâpları doğrultusunda Türk milleti bilincini kazandırmak olmuştur. Bunun için eğitimin temel ilkesi millîlik olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu ilkeye uygun olarak da Türkiye’de “millî eğitim” kavramı, politikası ve pratiği resmiyet kazanmıştır. Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında milliyet ideali ile birlikte millî eğitim ilkesinin teori ve pratiğini konu alan eserlerden biri, Dr. Halil Fikret Kanad’ın (1892-1974) Milliyet İdeali ve Topyekûn Millî Terbiye başlıklı kitabıdır. Bu makalenin amacı, Kanad’ın bu eserini esas alarak onun milliyet ideali ve millî terbiye konusundaki yaklaşımını betimlemektir. Çünkü o, aynı zamanda resmi ideolojinin yılmaz savunucularından biridir. Kanad’a göre Cumhuriyetin kurucu kadrosunun öngördüğü Türk milletinin yetiştirilebilmesi için aile, okul, toplum ve devlet birlikteliğinde ve müşterek amaçlar doğrultusunda bilimsel ve pedagojik esaslara uygun planlı ve programlı bir millî eğitim sistemi takip edilmelidir. Bu ve benzeri sonuçlardan hareketle Kanad’ın kitabı, resmî ideolojinin propaganda programı gibidir. Bu yönüyle de Kanad’ın millî terbiye yaklaşımı, bir “toplum mühendisliği” anlayışı şeklindedir. Kanad’ın resmi ideoloji ile ilintili bu yaklaşımı, Cumhuriyet dönemi millî eğitim politika ve uygulamalarının anlaşılırlığına katkı sağlar niteliktedir.
Community of Practice in the Context of the Rapid Transition to Online Learning at a Rural University in South Africa: Successes and Pitfalls
Authors: Marongwe Newlin , Chisango Grasia
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this reflective paper is to give an account of how we managed to navigate online learning and teaching amid the COVID-19 pandemic to enhance students’ learning at a rural university in South Africa. The aim is to share our experiences on how we used community of practice as a theory to support ourselves as lecturers in designing, accessing, and engaging with online content amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the paper details the successes and pitfalls encountered in trying to adjust to the online mode of delivery. The paper makes use of qualitative self-reflexive personal narrative inquiry. Community of practice theory and connectivist theory guide our reflections. We succeeded not only in helping each other navigate the e-learning platform but our working relationships also improved as well as our skills. Through use of community of practice and connectivism, we managed, not without difficulties, to migrate content online, to engage meaningfully with our students, and to network with other lecturers. We recommend adoption of community of practice by lecturers even beyond the pandemic since it promotes knowledge- and skill-sharing, and networking, thereby easing lecturers’ burden and fears. Furthermore, community of practice encourages scholars to share their work in the form of scholarship of teaching and learning.
The Development and Use of a Novel Clinical Vignette as a Blended Learning Adjunct for Simulation-Based Learning During and Beyond COVID
Authors: Makkink Andrew
Published: December 2022

Case-based learning (CBL) is an important teaching tool for encouraging students to think as medical experts. Using blended learning principles to present a case where students can choose which information they require has the potential to improve learning where contact time is limited, as was the case during the COVID pandemic. This paper reports on a de novo online clinical vignette used as a foundation for a blended, case-based learning vignette that used follow-on Blackboard activities to improve teaching and learning. Student users were positive about the online CBL vignette and indicated that it provided several advantages to improved learning within the practical simulation environment, including improved confidence. In addition, integration with existing knowledge and other subjects was confirmed and immersion was improved. Benefits identified by student users included improved understanding of the real world of practice and encouraging thinking out of the box. There were suggestions that more multimedia would be a valuable improvement as well as students having access to additional similar activities. The implications of this research are that the online CBL vignette is a viable tool for enhancing blended learning within the practical, simulation-based teaching environment. More research is required on its applicability to other healthcare settings.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Female Academics with Young Children in South Africa
Authors: Kriger Samantha , Walters Cyrill , Bam Armand , Jansen Jonathan
Published: December 2022

Against the backdrop of an increase in research on the effects of COVID-19, this article uses the analysis of survey data of female academics from the 26 higher education institutions in South Africa to identify how female academics with young children coped with academic output during the pandemic-enforced lockdown. A growing body of research documents the influence of children and childcare on the careers of female academics. In this article, we see how female academics who stayed at home during the enforced lockdown period negotiated childcare and home-schooling, and how the lockdown influenced their academic output. An online survey questionnaire was administered, consisting of 12 Likert-scale questions followed by an open-ended section that solicited a narrative account of academic work and home life during the lockdown period. Data on female academics with children under the age of six years was extracted for this study. The quantitative and qualitative data that emerged from our study of 2,018 women academics at 26 universities across South Africa describes how academic mothers felt, and how they struggled to complete the academic work required by their educational institutions. Such academic work directly influences future career prospects. This study highlights the influence that the presence of young children in the home, the pressures of home-schooling, traditional gender roles, and household responsibilities have on the academic careers of women.
Kinetics of martensite decay during tempering
Authors: Belova I.V.
Published: December 2022

The microstructure of steel after quenching consists of martensite and residual austenite. Depending on the tempering temperature and the carbon content in the hardened steel, the following structural changes occur: the transformation of residual austenite into martensite, the decay of martensite into troostite or sorbitol, and with prolonged high—temperature tempering and annealing — into a ferrite-perlite structure. This article describes the kinetics of the decay of martensite during tempering using computer metallography, based on the obtained photos of the microstructure. The article will be useful for a deeper understanding of the process of decomposition of martensite during tempering.
Effect of composition of functional layers and multilayer coating architecture on efficiency of carbide tool
Authors: Tabakov V.P. , Chikhranov A.V. , Dolzhenko Ya.A.
Published: December 2022

The results of studies of the effect of the composition of multilayer coatings on the mechanical properties and contact characteristics of the cutting tool are presented. Based on their analysis, two- and three-layer coatings have been developed, the life testing of which have shown their high efficiency.
Determination of strengthening layer depth of parts surfaces in mechanisms during their impact interaction
Authors: Zhitnikov Yu.Z. , Zhitnikov B.Yu. , Murzina O.V. , Maksimova M.I.
Published: December 2022

Methodology for determining the depth of the strengthening layer of the surface of parts in mechanisms during their impact interaction is proposed.
MAURICIO DE ALMEIDA ABREU (1948-2011)
Authors: Encarnação Beltrão Sposito Maria
Published: December 2022

O amigo Mauricio Abreu nos deixou muito cedo: com apenas 63 anos. Com a sua formação acadêmica e a sua bagagem intelectual, a perda é enorme, devido à impossibilidade da transferência dos conhecimentos adquiridos. Por outro lado, ele nos legou uma produção cuja obra magna, Geografia Histórica do Rio de Janeiro (1502-1700), concluída no ano passado, após pelo menos quinze anos de pesquisa, já é um referencial para a Geografia mundial. Deixa também o exemplo de uma vida dedicada ao estudo, à pesquisa, ao ensino e à orientação.
OS ALERTAS DE MAURICIO
Authors: Maria Pintaudi Silvana
Published: December 2022

Existem momentos na vida da gente que ficam marcados de maneira indelével e nem sempre temos coragem de falar sobre eles. Mas, na presente circunstância da partida de Mauricio, colegas e amigos sempre se lembram de detalhes, particularidades que tornavam especial a convivência entre nós. E deixaríamos as vivências guardadas na memória, talvez condenadas ao olvido, caso a ausência de Mauricio não estivesse tão presente para todos nós agora.
MAURICIO DE ALMEIDA ABREU
Authors: Lopes de Souza Marcelo
Published: December 2022

Convivi com Mauricio de Almeida Abreu por quase trinta anos, sempre no Departamento de Geografia da UFRJ: primeiramente, na qualidade de seu aluno, no início dos anos 80; depois, entre 1986 e 1988, na condição de seu orientando de mestrado; por fim, desde 1994, como seu colega de Departamento. A despeito da amizade que me unia a ele, gostaria de ressaltar, nos parágrafos que seguem, não o Mauricio do convívio privado, mas sim aquele que serviu, para mim, como uma das mais importantes fontes de inspiração profissional para a minha carreira, apesar de termos interesses temáticos distintos.
О ГОРНО-ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОМ МОНИТОРИНГЕ ПОДЗЕМНЫХ ВОД ПРИ ОСВОЕНИИ УГОЛЬНЫХ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ КУЗБАССА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ УЧАСТКА «ШАХТА-12»)
Authors: Сазонов В.С. , Соловицкий А.Н.
Published: December 2022

Изучен горно-экологический мониторинг подземных вод при освоении угольных месторождений Кузбасса на примере участка «Шахта-12», обеспечивающего контрольуровенного режима и химического состава подземных вод и распространение воронки депрессии.
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ МЕДИ В ОБЪЕКТАХ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ И ВОЛОСАХ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ГОРНОРУДНОГО РЕГИОНА БАШКОРТОСТАНА
Authors: Семенова И.Н. , Ильбулова Г.Р. , Хасанова Р.Ф.
Published: December 2022

Наличие многочисленных геохимических провинций на территории Южного Урала обусловили разработку месторождений полиметаллических руд и вызванную этим аккумуляцию в окружающей среде токсичных металлов, повышенный уровень которых может ухудшать здоровье населения. Цель работы: исследовать содержание меди в почвах и волосах населения Зауральской зоны Республики Башкортостан на территориях с различным уровнем техногенного загрязнения. Содержание меди в почвах определяли методом атомно-абсорбционной спектрометрии, в волосах населения – методом атомной эмиссионной спектрометрии (МС-ИСП) с индуктивно связанной аргоновой плазмой. Всего обследовано 309 лиц в возрасте от 1-55 лет. Анализ валового содержания меди в почвах показал превышение ПДК в районах с наличием крупного горнорудного производства: в г.Сибай (зона жилой застройки) – в 3,4 раза, в г.Учалы – в 4,5 раза, в г.Баймак – в 4,1 раза. По содержанию подвижных форм значительное превышение ПДК составило: в г.Сибай – в 7,3 раза, в г.Учалы – в 9,8 раза, в г.Баймакском районе – в 6,4 раза, в Зилаирском районе – в 4,6 раза, в Хайбуллинском районе – в 4,5 раза, в Учалинском районе – в 4,4 раза. Наибольшее содержание меди в волосах было выявлено у населения территорий с развитой горнорудной промышленностью: в г.Сибай – 12,0 мкг/г, в г.Учалы, Учалинском и Хайбуллинском районах – 10,5 мкг/кг при референсных значениях равных 9-14 мкг/г. При этом различие в значениях между г. Сибай и Бурзянским и Зилаирским районами является статистически значимым (Р<0,05). В результате выполненного исследования показано, что к наиболее загрязненным относятся районы, на территории которых находятся горнорудные производства (г. Сибай, Учалинский, Хайбуллинский районы). Содержание меди в волосах населения г. Сибай статистически значимо превышает аналогичные показатели для Зилаирского и Бурзянского районов, при этом чаще отмечается пониженное содержание микроэлемента (до 65% обследованных лиц), чем повышенное.
ГИДРОХИМИЧЕСКИЙ РЕЖИМ ОЗЕРА СВИТЯЗЬ В УСЛОВИЯХ ИЗМЕНЯЮЩЕГОСЯ КЛИМАТА И АНТРОПОГЕННОЙ НАГРУЗКИ
Authors: Суховило Н.Ю. , Мороз А.И. , Занкевич Д.Л.
Published: December 2022

Анализ химического состава воды озера Свитязь показал ухудшение его экологического состояния, выраженное в снижении прозрачности воды, росте водородного показателя, минерализации и концентрации отдельных биогенных элементов. Изменения в газовом режиме проявляются в формировании у дна бескислородной зоны с сероводородом. Это приводит к сокращению площади и глубины распространения макрофитов и исчезновению охраняемого вида – IsoetasLacustrisL.
РАЗВИТИЕ МЕЛИОРАЦИИ ЗЕМЕЛЬ СЕЛЬСКОГОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ В РОССИИ
Authors: Хаджиди А.П. , Кобылешный Д.Д.
Published: December 2022

В статье рассмотрена история образования мелиорации сельскохозяйственных земель на территории России. Выделены основные периоды развития мелиорации и их характеристики. Описаны направления в области мелиорации за каждый период ее становления. Представлены данные о количестве орошаемых и осушаемых земель в каждом федеральном округе нашей страны.