bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dysregulated Forkhead Box (FOX) Genes Association with Survival Prognosis, Anti-tumor Immunity, and Key Targeting Drugs in Colon Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xie Qian , Wang Jie , Peng Xingchen
Published: December 2023

Background: Several studies have revealed that the aberrant expressions of forkhead box (FOX) genes are associated with carcinogenesis. However, the crucial biological functions of the FOX gene in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remain unknown. Methods: The TCGA-COAD dataset (n=328) was utilized for determining the deregulated FOX genes and their association with functional enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI), survival prognosis, anti-tumor immunity, cancer-associated pathways, and biological processes in COAD. In addition, we used GSE166427 (GPL13667) as a validation cohort (n=196). Molecular docking studies were applied to perform the drug interactions. Results: The FOX genes are deregulated in the COAD (Log2 FC>0.50, P<0.05), and the PPI network of FOX members is substantially related to the enrichment of cancerous signaling, immune responses, and cellular development (FDR<0.05). A worse prognosis for overall survival in COAD individuals is connected with the subgroup of FOX transcripts (P≤0.05). FOXD4, FOXH1, and FOXS1 were identified as predictive variables in the univariate and multivariate Cox regression models (P≤0.05). FOXH1 and FOXS1 are substantially linked to the deregulated immunity in COAD (R>0.20, P<0.01). Furthermore, FOXS1 expression regulates cancer-associated pathways and biological processes (P<0.05). Moreover, FOXD4, FOXH1, and FOXS1 are genetically altered and showed diagnostic efficacy in COAD. We revealed that FOXD4, FOXH1, and FOXS1 are consistently deregulated in GSE166427 (P<0.05). Finally, molecular docking revealed that FOXH1 interacted with various drugs, including belinostat, entinostat, and panobinostat. Conclusion: The FOX genes have a strong correlation with the poor prognosis for survival, tumor immunity, cancer-associated pathways, and biochemical processes that cause the pathogenesis of COAD.
Intramural Gastric Abscess Misdiagnosed as Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: Lee Na-Ri , Song Eun-Kee , Jeon So-Yeon
Published: December 2023

An intramural gastric abscess is a rare condition often mistaken for other medical diseases such as gastric cancer and neoplasms. We present a case of a patient initially believed to have pancreatic cancer based on his computed tomography scan. The clinical diagnosis of locally advanced gastric cancer was made on subsequent magnetic resonance cholangiography and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). However, several EUS-guided biopsies did not reveal malignant cells. A partial gastrectomy was performed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The specimen showed only inflammatory cells, without any malignant cells. The final diagnosis was gastric wall abscess (GWA) that infiltrated and adhered to the adjacent tissues. This case reminds that physicians should include GWA as a differential diagnosis in the suspicion of gastric cancer. Although GWA is rare, it is often forgotten when focusing on the possibility of fatal cancer.
Comparative evaluation of mouthwashes containing propolis and chlorhexidine for controlling inflammation resulting from plaque accumulation in patients with chronic gingivitis
Authors: Salari Ashkan , Nikkhah Masoumeh , Alamzadeh Azita
Published: December 2023

Background. Limited data are available on the effect of mouthwashes containing Iranian propolis on plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) in patients with chronic gingivitis. The present study compared the effects of propolis and chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwashes in patients with chronic gingivitis due to plaque accumulation. Methods. In the present interventional study, 28 patients 18‒50 years of age with generalized chronic gingivitis were assigned to two groups (n=14). Periodontal parameters, including PI and GI, were determined in all the subjects at baseline. Groups A and B received CHX and propolis mouthwashes, respectively. All the subjects used the mouthwashes for two weeks. Then all the parameters were evaluated gain. Independent t-test was used to compare the periodontal parameters between the two groups. Paired t-test was used for intra-group comparisons. Statistical significance was defined at P<0.05 Results. Two weeks after using the mouthwashes, the mean PI in the CHX group (21.71±1.63) was significantly lower than that in the propolis group (33.91±5.96). However, the mean PI and GI in the propolis group decreased significantly compared to the baseline (P=0.00). Conclusion. Propolis significantly decreased the mean plaque and gingival inflammation in patients with chronic gingivitis. Although the reduction in PI in the propolis group was a little less than in the CHX group, the efficacy of propolis in reducing GI was comparable to CHX.
Effect of zinc supplementation as an adjuvant to corticosteroid treatment in patients with oral lichen planus: A systematic review
Authors: Bahramian Ayla , Rahbaran Mona , Bahramian Maria , Bohlouli Sepideh , Katebi Katayoun
Published: December 2023

Background. Oral lichen planus (OLP) and one of its main presentations, desquamative gingivitis, are common diseases with no definite treatment. Zinc deficiency has a critical role in the pathogenesis of oral mucosal diseases. The current study systematically reviewed the effect of zinc in addition to topical corticosteroids in the treatment of OLP. Methods. English articles in PubMed, Web of Sciences, Embase, and Scopus were searched until August 2022. The differences in symptoms were analyzed, including pain, burning sensation, and lesion sizes in patients with lichen planus receiving zinc supplementation as an adjuvant to corticosteroid treatment. Results. A total of 148 articles related to the searched keywords were found. Eventually, two clinical trials were selected. The total population of studied individuals included 60 patients. Due to the high heterogeneity between the studies, meta-analysis was not possible. Administering zinc, in addition to corticosteroids, did not improve the symptoms compared to corticosteroid monotherapy. Conclusion. Considering the limited number of studies and lack of sufficient evidence, it is not currently possible to reach a definite conclusion regarding the effects of zinc on OLP.
Comparative effect of anthocyanin on proliferation and migration of human gingival fibroblasts in the absence or presence of nicotine
Authors: Azimian Sarina , Torshabi Maryam , Rezaei Esfahrood Zeinab
Published: December 2023

Background. Oral fibroblast malfunction can result in periodontal diseases. Nicotine can prolong the healing process as an irritant of oral tissues. Anthocyanins have been demonstrated to have potential benefits in preventing or treating smoking-related periodontal diseases. Cyanidin chloride’s (CC’s) potential in oral wound healing and the viability, proliferation, and migration of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were examined in the presence and absence of nicotine by an in vitro study. Methods. The effects of different nicotine concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mM) on the viability and proliferation of HGF cells were evaluated in the presence and absence of different CC concentrations (5, 10, 25, and 50 μM) using the quantitative MTT assay. The scratch test was performed to evaluate the migration of CC-treated cells in the presence of 2.5-mM nicotine. Results. No cytotoxicity was observed at 1‒100 μM CC concentrations after 24, 48, and 72 hours of exposure to HGF cells. However, a concentration of 200 μM significantly reduced cell viability by about 20% at all the three-time intervals (P<0.05). Also, 3‒5-mM concentrations of nicotine significantly reduced cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, the understudied CC concentrations decreased nicotine’s adverse effects on cell migration to some extent. Conclusions. Although the understudied CC concentrations could not significantly reduce the adverse effects of understudied nicotine concentrations on the viability and proliferation of HGF cells, they were able to reduce the detrimental effects of nicotine on cell migration significantly.
Evaluation of different surface treated implants after provisionalization: A 6-month prospective study
Authors: Shah Anshdha , Srivastava Amitabh , Yadav Shivam , Tandon Charu
Published: December 2023

Background. Replacing missing teeth with dental implants has become the best treatment option; therefore, clinicians need to understand the predictability of the treatment. Surface treatment of implants is one of the methods to improve osseointegration, thus improving the quality of treatment. Increasing esthetic awareness among patients has led to the popularity of immediate provisionalization of dental implants. This study investigated the effect of surface treatment on implant stability when loaded with immediate non-functional temporary prostheses and compared the superiority of one surface treatment over the other in terms of osseointegration by evaluating implant stability quotient (ISQ). Methods. Twenty implants with different surface treatments were placed, i.e., resorbable blast media (RBM) surface and alumina blasted/acid-etched (AB/AE) surfaces. All the implants were non-functionally loaded, and ISQ was measured immediately after implant placement and 6 and 12 weeks after non-functional loading. Crestal bone levels, mPI, mSBI, and peri-implant probing depths were compared for both groups at 1, 3, and 6 months. Results. At 12 weeks, all the implants showed desirable ISQ, indicating successful osseointegration. The increase in ISQ at 12 weeks was significantly higher for RBM implants compared to baseline, indicating a more predictable course of osseointegration. Crestal bone levels recorded at 1, 3, and 6 months did not significantly differ between the groups. All other parameters showed comparable values for both groups at all intervals. Conclusion. Replacing missing teeth with dental implants with immediate non-functional restorations is a predictable treatment option.
Periodontitis as a risk factor for organic erectile dysfunction: A case-control study in a sub-Saharan population
Authors: Diouf Abdoulaye , Ndjidda Bakari William , Sounlin Marie Hélène , Diallo Ahmad Moustapha , Thiam Daibel , Guirassy Mouhamadou Lamine , Diallo Adam Seck , Benoist Henri Michel
Published: December 2023

Background. This study investigated the association between periodontitis and organic erectile dysfunction (ED) in a sub-Saharan population. Methods. This multicenter analytical study lasted from April to September 2021. A total of 114 patients (38 cases and 76 controls) were recruited and matched on age, diabetes, and smoking status. Medical history and ED were recorded, as well as the plaque index, bleeding index, maximum interdental clinical attachment loss (CALmax), maximum probing depth, clinically detectable furcation involv ement, number of teeth in the mouth, number of teeth lost for periodontal reasons, and tooth mobility. The analysis was performed with SPSS 20.0 with a significance threshold set at 5%. Results. The two study groups were comparable regarding sociodemographic characteristics. Periodontitis was present in 76.31% of cases and 75% of controls without a significant difference (P=0.878). Logistic regression showed a significant association between high blood pressure and ED with an OR=4.78 (95% CI: 1.80‒12.70). Periodontitis was not associated with ED (OR=1.52, 95% CI: 0.55‒4.16); however, severe periodontitis was significantly associated with severe ED (OR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.11‒1.85, and OR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.15‒2.44, respectively for CALmax and tooth loss). Conclusion. Within the limits of this study, periodontitis was not associated with organic ED. However, the severity of periodontal disease significantly increased in patients with organic ED.
Clinical evaluation of chitosan/polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds releasing tetracycline hydrochloride in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic periodontitis
Authors: Moradi Haghgoo Janet , Torkzaban Parviz , Hashemi Parisa , Sarvari Rana , Hashemi Sana , Fakhri Elahe , Alafchi Behnaz
Published: December 2023

Background. The role of bacteria in the initiation and progression of periodontitis has led to a great interest in using antibiotics to suppress pathogenic microbiota. Considering the drawbacks of systemic antibiotics’ application, local delivery systems directly in the periodontal pocket can be helpful. Therefore, the effect of an efficient tetracycline-loaded delivery system was investigated on the clinical parameters of periodontitis. Methods. In this clinical trial with a split-mouth design, 10 patients with periodontitis with pocket depths≥5 mm were included. After scaling and root planing (SRP) for all the patients, one side of the mouth was randomly considered as the control group, and on the other side, chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous films containing tetracycline (5%) were placed in pockets of 5 mm and deeper. Clinical measurements of pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) indices were made at the beginning and after 8 weeks of intervention. PPD, CAL, and BOP parameters were compared between the control and test groups before and after the intervention with paired t tests using SPSS 24. The significance level of the tests was considered at P<0.05. Results. The mean PPD, CAL, and BOP in both the control (SRP) and test (LDDs) groups decreased after 8 weeks. A significant difference was detected in reducing PPD, BOP, and CAL after 8 weeks in 5-mm pockets, and the mean values were higher in the test group than in the control (P<0.05). Conclusion. The local drug delivery system using chitosan/PCL nanofibrous films containing tetracycline can effectively control periodontal diseases by reducing pocket depth and inflammation and improving CAL without offering side effects, although further evaluations are needed.
Susceptibility of periodontal pathogens to a novel target-specific drug delivery system containing self-nanoemulsifying curcumin: An in vitro study
Authors: HR Veena , Daniel Riya Achamma , Prabhu Ashwin , P Shilpa , Basavaraju Suman
Published: December 2023

Background. Long-term use of many classic chemotherapeutic agents as adjuncts in the management of periodontitis has adverse complications, leading to seeking out naturopathic remedies. Although curcumin has been investigated in managing periodontitis, its therapeutic benefits have not been fully explored due to its limited solubility in an aqueous medium. This study aimed to develop a novel target-specific drug delivery system containing 1% self-nanoemulsifying curcumin (SNEC) in a hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) matrix and evaluate the susceptibility of periodontal pathogens to this system in vitro. Methods. Its antibacterial activity against Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was evaluated and compared to pure nano-curcumin and SNEC alone by estimating their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). Results. The antibacterial activity of pure nano-curcumin, SNEC, and SNEC in HPMC against the four periodontal pathogens evaluated in terms of MIC was recorded in the range of 0.2‒0.4, 0.4‒0.8, and 0.2‒0.8 µg/mL, respectively. However, the MIC of all three curcumin formulations against the periodontal pathogens tested was higher than that of the standard moxifloxacin. While both pure nano-curcumin and SNEC showed increasing values of inhibition zones with increasing concentrations on disk diffusion assay, lower concentrations of SNEC in HPMC did not show a zone of inhibition against the tested pathogens. Conclusion. The novel delivery system containing SNEC in HPMC may be a potential adjunct in managing periodontitis due to its probable sustained antimicrobial activity against the tested periodontal pathogens.
Factors Influencing Substance Use Relapse in People Referring to Addiction Recovery Centers in Jiroft, Kerman
Authors: Pournarani Reza , Faryabi Reza , Mehralizadeh Akbar , Danshi Salman , Yoshany Nooshin
Published: December 2023

Background: Relapse is prevalent following substance abuse treatment. This study aimed to estimate and identify the factors that contribute to substance use relapse among addicts in the southern region of Kerman. Methods: A total of 390 individuals seeking treatment for addiction in 2021 were selected using a multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected through a researcher-developed questionnaire, which included demographic information and the health action process approach (HAPA) constructs regarding relapse prevention. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distribution tables, means, and standard deviations, were used to summarize the data. The correlation between HAPA constructs was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The Kruskal-Wallis test and structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS 24 software were utilized to analyze the data. Results: The participants had a mean age of 33.39 years. The results (SEM) showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between action self-efficacy, behavioral intention, action planning, and the frequency of substance use relapse. The constructs of coping self-efficacy, recovery self-efficacy, action planning, and coping planning accounted for 18% of the variance in substance use relapse frequency. Conclusion: Motivational and voluntary phase constructs have a significant role in substance use relapse. Additionally, HAPA helps identify the factors contributing to relapse.
Preventive Behaviors of Iranian Women Toward Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Perspective of Motivation Protection Theory
Authors: Kazemi Sara , Zarei Fatemeh , Heidarnia Alireza , Alhani Fatemeh
Published: December 2023

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are frequently unreported, representing implied public health concerns, especially for women and in more vulnerable communities. This study aimed to determine the STI preventive behavior of Iranian women and related factors in protection motivation theory (PMT). Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted on a convenience sample from 20 January to 21 March 2021 in Iran. Women who were 18-35 years old with marital status were eligible to participate (N=600). The collected variables included demographic characteristics and STI-related behaviors regarding constructs of PMT: knowledge, perceived vulnerability, perceived self-efficacy, and preventive intention. A Persian version of the Korean four-scale about STI preventive behaviors was used as the assessment tool, and one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation tests were used for analysis. Results: A significant difference was observed between knowledge, perceived vulnerability, perceived self-efficacy, and preventive intention with sociodemographic variables. STI-perceived vulnerability and STI-knowledge with mean scores of 62.37 and 42.52 were the highest and lowest perceived constructs of preventive behavior, respectively. STI knowledge of Iranian women was low, and STI-preventive self-efficacy was perceived as a positive predictor for STI protective behaviors. Conclusion: A theory-based educational intervention is highly recommended to improve STI-protective behaviors.
Effects of Social Support and Self-regulation on Changes in Exercise Behavior Among Infertile Women: A Cross-sectional Study for Comparison of External and Internal Factors
Authors: Fallahi Arezoo , Rahmani Azam , Amin Yousif Pakestan Hamad , Ghanei Gheshlagh Reza , Allahqoli Leila , Nemat Babak , Alkatout Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

Background: Exercise behavior (EB) has a significant impact on infertility, but the magnitude of the effect is not easily determined. This study aimed to assess the effect of social support and self-regulation, as external and internal factors, on changes in EB among infertile women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 483 infertile women in Sanandaj (Iran) in 2020. Samples were recruited from 35 comprehensive healthcare centers by convenience sampling. Standardized face-to-face interviews were conducted using valid and reliable instruments for the assessment of EB, social support, and self-regulation. The association between EB, social support, and self-regulation was evaluated by logistic regression models. Results: The majority of the participants (56.7%) had secondary infertility, while 70.8% of them did not perform any exercise. Self-regulation and social support were significantly higher in women with secondary infertility than in those with primary infertility (P<0.01). Self-regulation was significantly lower in women whose height was below 160 centimeters (P<0.05). Social support was significantly higher among participants aged≥35 years and weighing≥60 kg (P<0.01). The odds of EB adoption increased with self-regulation and social support (odds ratio [OR]=1.05, 95% CI=1.02-1.09, P<0.01; OR=1.06, 95% CI=1.02-1.11, P<0.01). Conclusion: Social support and self-regulation almost equally influenced EB in infertile women. In future research, designing support and consultation programs can be considered to encourage infertile women to exercise.
Associations Between Health Literacy and Dietary Intake: A Cross-sectional Study of Adults With Metabolic Syndrome in Thailand
Authors: Mungvongsa Aravan , Yangyuen Suneerat , Jareanpon Chatklaw , Somdee Thidarat
Published: December 2023

Background: Health literacy (HL) is an indicator of health outcomes, but its role in dietary intake has received little attention. Excessive dietary intake increases the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the HL score, dietary intake, and nutrient intake of participants and the relationship between HL score and dietary intake among adults with MetS in Thailand. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2527 adults aged 18–59 years in primary care services, Phetchaburi, Thailand were included in the study using a multistage sampling technique. We determined HL scores using the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) and dietary intake using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. We used multiple linear regression analysis to investigate the associations between HL score and dietary intake. Results: HL scores were significantly lower in patients with MetS compared with participants without it (P<0.05). Participants with MetS had significantly higher calorie and fat intake than participants without it (P<0.05), and participants with MetS had higher fat and lower carbohydrate intake. The results of multiple linear regression showed a significant negative association between HL score and dietary intake, after controlling for potential confounding variables (ꞵ=−0.053, P<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that low HL score is associated with high dietary intake. Therefore, improving HL might play an important role in reducing dietary intake to decrease the risk of MetS.
Displaced Women and Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: Exploring Challenges Women With Sexual and Reproductive Health Face in Displaced Camps of Nigeria
Authors: Ngwibete Atenchong , Ogunbode Olayinka Oladunjoye , Mangalu Mobhe Agbada , Omigbodun Akinyinka
Published: December 2023

Background: Displaced women are affected by sexual and reproductive health (SRH) challenges, often exacerbated by poor living conditions, limited access to healthcare, and cultural norms. The aim of this study was to explore SRH issues, the effects of displacement into camps on women’s SRH, and challenges with accessing and utilizing SRH services among women in camps for the displaced in Benue State, Nigeria. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed to gain an in-depth understanding of the women’s SRH challenges, based on 12 focus group discussions between women of different age groups and eight in-depth interviews. The data were collected using tape recorders and notes. Data analysis followed a thematic approach. Ethical approval and appropriate consent were obtained for the study. Results: The majority of research participants stated that sexually transmitted disease/human immunodeficiency virus was the most serious SRH issue in the camp. Their stay in camp enhanced the women’s vulnerability and exposed them to sex in exchange for basic needs/palliatives, increasing their SRH challenges. Access to and use of SRH services were impacted by their migratory lifestyle, cultural and religious views, lack of SRH knowledge, and other difficulties. Short-term approaches to intervention, health providers’ poor communication, and attitudes were reported to affect SRH service use. Conclusion: There is an urgent need for comprehensive interventions to address SRH challenges among women in displaced settings, including proper coordination of humanitarian services, education on transactional sex, encouragement of men to participate in SRH initiatives, and expansion of access to services, as well as the training and hiring of culturally competent healthcare providers.
The Social Support Theory as a Predictor of Sleep Hygiene Behaviors Among Older Adults
Authors: Zanghaneh Maryam , Bashirian Saeed , Ayoubi Erfan , Barati Majid , Mirbeyghi Ali
Published: December 2023

Background: Aging is associated with several health concerns, including sleep problems. Hence, the current study was conducted to determine the factors related to the performance of sleep hygiene behaviors among the elderly in Malair based on the social support theory. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study were collected from 298 older adults who referred to comprehensive health centers in Malair, Iran, in 2022. Participants were selected by multi-stage random sampling method. Data collection tools included demographic information, social support theory, and sleep hygiene behaviors questionnaires. Data were then analyzed by SPSS software version 18 using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and linear regression. Results: According to the findings, among sleep hygiene behaviors, light and sound control behaviors to the minimum possible extent during sleep time (71.1%) and proper bedroom temperature control (68.5%) had the highest frequency. Furthermore, regular exercise behaviors such as walking outside homes in the evenings (16.4%) and examining the effect of drugs on sleep (24.8%) were the least frequent performance by the elderly. The results of linear regression analysis showed that instrumental support (β=0.297), informational support (β=0.224), and emotional support (β=0.15) are the best predictors of performing sleep hygiene behaviors. Moreover, the constructs of social support theory explained a 44.2% variance in sleep hygiene behaviors of the elderly. Conclusion: Considering the unfavorable level of some sleep hygiene behaviors among the elderly, it seems necessary to emphasize the importance of performing sleep hygiene behaviors. It is also suggested to pay attention to instrumental, informational, and emotional support when designing educational programs to increase the amount of the performance of these behaviors.
Preoperative Orbital CT Scan Findings in Patients with Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction and its Impact on Surgical Planning
Authors: Medghalchi Abdolreza , Dourandeesh Maryam , Alizadeh Yousef , Fallah Arzpeima Sima , Soltani-Moghadam Reza , Akbari Mitra , Khadem Sara , Kazemnezhad Leyli Ehsan
Published: December 2023

Background: External dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) failure is sometimes due to pathologies located within the nasal cavity. Preoperative computerized tomography (CT) scan is useful in the assessment of nasolacrimal drainage and adjacent anatomical structures; however, it is not routinely performed before DCR. The present study evaluates abnormal findings in CT scans of patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) and its effect on changing treatment approaches. Methods: This prospective descriptive cross-sectional study included 162 patients with NLDO. All the patients underwent a supine axial CT scan. Patients with signs of rhinosinusitis, sinus mucositis, nasal septal deviation, nasal polyps or masses, and turbinate deformities were referred to an otolaryngologist. The rest of the patients underwent external DCR. The demographics and radiologic characteristics of the patients undergoing CT scan and their effect on changing treatment approaches were evaluated. Results: The study participants included 162 patients with a mean±SD age of 62.5±14.0 years (age range of 35-93 years). The percentage of endonasal DCR in cases with an abnormal nasal cavity on CT scan was almost 30% higher compared to those without this problem (59.6% vs. 30.2%). Septum deviation and turbinate deformity led to 3.6-fold and 3.9-fold changes in the surgical approach, respectively. Conclusion: A significant association existed between the sinonasal pathologies in patients with NLDO and changing surgical approaches. It is believed that a preoperative CT scan is necessary to detect such pathologies and manage them appropriately.
Clinical Risk Factors of Systemic Antimony Treatment Failure in Patients with Acute Cutaneous leishmaniasis referred to the Dermatology Clinics of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Authors: Nahidi Yalda , Mashayekhi Goyonlo Vahid , Dadgarmoghaddam Malihe , Hoseininezhad Masoumeh , Malakifard Tahmineh , Rastgar Yasaman
Published: December 2023

Background: Systemic or topical forms of pentavalent antimony compounds such as meglumine antimoniate (MA) are used as standard treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). However, an increasing number of studies demonstrate evidence of treatment failure with these drugs. The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with systemic MA treatment failure in patients with acute CL. Methods: In this case-control study, patients with urban cutaneous referred to leishmaniasis clinics in Mashhad from 2017 to 2018 were followed up 12 months after the start of treatment and were evaluated for improvement or failure according to the national leishmaniasis protocol. Results: A total of 112 cases of CL (59 men and 53 women) with a mean age of 23.3±21.11 years were studied. The number of patients with clinical improvement was significantly higher in women (P=0.005). Age, body mass index (BMI), occupation and education, the possible infection and living location, past medical, drug and leishmaniasis recurrence history, lesion’s characteristics and ulceration were also significantly different between the two groups of improved and unhealed patients. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the male sex, age less than 18 years, receiving pentostam, previous treatment history, lymphadenopathy, urban leishmaniasis, duration of illness more than 4 months, having a single lesion especially on the face, BMI less than 18 kg/m2 and a lesion size of more than 3 cm is more common in patients with treatment failure.
Prevalence of Substance Use During Pregnancy and the Related Factors: A Study from Southeast Iran
Authors: Iranpour Abedin , Kazemian Elham , Karamoozian Ali , Nakhaee Nouzar , Sharifi Hamid , Fadakar Davarani Mohammad Mahdi
Published: December 2023

Background: Substance use during pregnancy has an increasing trend in all socio-economic classes. In addition to the fetal consequences, this problem has many other economic and social harmful effects. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of substance use and its related factors in pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed using a self-administered questionnaire on 587 pregnant women in Kerman, Iran who visited public health centers and private offices to receive prenatal care. Participants were recruited from January to February 2020 using a multistage sampling method. Results: The most prevalent substances used during pregnancy were waterpipe (8.5%), opium (2.6%), and alcohol (1.7%). Substance use in the first-degree relatives strongly correlated with substance use in pregnant women (odds ratio [OR]=7.26). The low educational level of pregnant women’s husbands was also a predictor of substance use in pregnant women (OR=3.15). Conclusion: Since substance use by family members was the strongest correlate of drug use during pregnancy, family-based interventions should be tailored to address early detection of such vulnerable women and to provide appropriate counseling services.
The Potential of Magnesium Sulfate to Change Serum Lysyl Oxidase and Nitrite Levels in Patients with Atherosclerosis: A Double-Blind Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Azarkish Fariba , Soltani Nepton , Eftekhar Ebrahim , Farshidi Hossein , Sobhani Seyed Alireza , Eslami Mahdiye , Dehghani Aghdas
Published: December 2023

Background: Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and magnesium contribute to vascular development and stability. This research describes how magnesium sulfate (MgSO4 ) regulates the serum levels of LOX and nitric oxide in patients with moderate coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: This was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial with 76 patients with moderate CAD divided into four groups. The subjects were randomly assigned to groups that took either capsules containing placebo or MgSO4 (300 mg) daily for 6 months. Thus, the experiment included Mg-treated groups with one and two vessels with atherosclerotic plaque (MgVR1 and Mg-VR2) and placebo-treated groups with one and two vessels with atherosclerotic plaque (placebo-VR1 and placeboVR2). Every 3 months, LOX, homocysteine, nitrite, and lipid profile levels were measured. Women and men with moderate CAD who were more than 55 and 50 years old, respectively, were included. Results: Total cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels significantly decreased 6 months after intervention (P<0. 01). Decrease of serum homocysteine levels was seen in all groups during the study, but the reduction in the placebo groups was greater than the Mg-treated groups (P<0.001). Three months after treatment with MgSO4 , LOX had stayed at high levels, and it then returned to baseline in the 6-month follow up (P<0.001). The rise in nitrite levels in the placebo-VR2 group was significantly greater than in the Mgso4 -VR2 group (P<0.001). Conclusion: magnesium sulfate may prevent the progression of arteriosclerosis through modulating LOX and homocysteine levels and preventing the increase of nitrite levels. Trial Registration: Identifier: IRCT20151028024756N3; https://www.irct.ir/trial/29097.
Association between TNFα-308 G/A and IFN-γ+874A/T Polymorphisms with Oral Lichen Planus
Authors: Saleh Gohari Malihe , Torabi Molook , Saleh Gohari Reihaneh , Abbaszadeh Elham , Saleh-Gohari Nasrollah
Published: December 2023

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic disease that presents with inflammation and has a global prevalence of 0.1-4%. Lesions of the disease occur in the oral mucosa, gums, and rarely in the palate. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between this disease and TNFα-308G/A and IFN-γ+874A/T polymorphisms. Methods: In this case-control study, oral mucosal samples were collected from 50 healthy subjects, and 50 OLP patients presented to the Kerman Faculty of Dentistry were enrolled using a simple sampling method. Subsequently, we used the amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique followed by sequencing to determine the presence of TNFα-308G/A and IFN-γ+874A/T polymorphisms in cases and controls. Results: Compared to the control group, the prevalence of A and GA alleles of the TNF gene was higher than the prevalence of G and GG alleles in OLP patients, while the AA genotype of the gene was not found in OLP patients. Regarding IFN gene polymorphism, the relationship between the T allele and the risk of disease was discovered, but it was not statistically significant (P value: 0.068). Conclusion: Although there is a strong relation between the A allele of TNF-α (-308G/A) polymorphism and the risk of OLP, this association between IFN-γ+874A/T genotype and the disease was not strong enough to predict the possibility of developing OLP.
Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Type II Diabetic Patient Treated with Empagliflozin
Authors: Mohamad Hosein Zade Davatgari Reza , Soti Khiabani Mahsa , Shahmirzalou Parviz , Habibi Maryam
Published: December 2023

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are a new class of oral drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes (T2DM). EuGlycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis (EuDKA) is associated with an almost normal level of blood glucose, causing a delay in its diagnosis and treatment. The diagnosis of EuDKA is a challenge for doctors due to its unusual manifestations. EuDKA is one of the rare complications associated with the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors, but it is serious and dangerous. Early diagnosis and treatment of EuDKA require the knowledge and precision of doctors so that they can quickly and safely restore the acid-base balance. EuDKA appears with a slight increase in blood glucose (less than the level defined in the diagnostic criteria for DKA), metabolic acidosis, and increase in the anion gap. Its manifestations are somewhat different from typical DKA. Patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes who present weakness, nausea and vomiting, and metabolic acidosis and are taking SGLT-2 inhibitors should be evaluated for the presence of urine and/or serum ketones. In this report, we reported a case of euglycemic DKA following the use of SGLT2 inhibitor and its treatment.
COVID-19 Vaccination and Tinnitus: A Case Report
Authors: Moghadasi Boroujeni Fatemeh , Ghadiri Mehdi
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 disease was first observed in December 2019 and became a big challenge for the World Health Organization in a short period of time. Getting infected with COVID-19 has very dangerous complications and is considered a serious threat to people’s health. One of the most important ways to prevent this disease is vaccination. Like other vaccines, the Covid-19 vaccines also have various side effects, The side effects of existing vaccines are usually mild and transient, and the side effects related to hearing are very rare. In this study, we have presented a report of a 40-year-old woman with a complaint of tinnitus 24 hours after the injection of the second dose of Sinopharm vaccine. The patient did not have any history of hearing problems or tinnitus before the vaccine injection. According to the results of the evaluations, the necessary counseling regarding tinnitus, sound therapy and counseling sessions were provided to reduce the patient’s anxiety. After one month, the patient was very satisfied with the cessation of tinnitus. Tinnitus without hearing loss is reported as a rare side effect of vaccination. Since the exact mechanism of tinnitus after vaccination is not fully clear yet, there is a need for more studies in this field.
Challenges and acceptance of e-teaching among medical professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Arthanareeswaran Arvinth , Ezhilarasan Suganya
Published: December 2023

Background: Previously resistant to change, medical professionals have now embraced e-teaching as a modern technology and the COVID-19 pandemic has compelled the entire world to accept it as a fundamental tool for education. This study aimed to evaluate the challenges and acceptance of E-teaching by medical professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An electronic form questionnaire was designed and validated according to the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to find out the factors that affect the acceptance and use of E-teaching by medical professionals. Results: Most of the participants (88%) agreed that the technological skills of giving online courses increase the educational value and experience of teaching medical professionals. The highest barrier to E-teaching was unsteady internet connectivity (56%), inadequate internet data(48%), lack of computers/ laptops (16.5%), and technical problems (73%). The rate of participant agreement on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and acceptance of E-teaching was (83.1%, 81.4%, and 88.6% respectively). Conclusion: In our current study, most of the participants strongly agreed with the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and acceptance of E-teaching. It is evident that online teaching will persist, and education will increasingly adopt a hybrid model.
An educational model to teach at the bedside: A qualitative exploratory descriptive study
Authors: Yamani Nikoo , Delzendeh Mozhdeh , Adibi Peyman , Beigzadeh Amin
Published: December 2023

Background: Teaching medical students at the bedside to foster a spectrum of essential skills can only be acquired if an educational method is utilized in rounding practices regularly. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the best model for conducting bedside rounds from the perspectives of medical teachers and students in our context. Methods: This qualitative exploratory descriptive study, using interviews and observations, was conducted at the Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2020. We recruited skilled bedside teachers/role models (n=6) and medical students (n=8) based on snowball and purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through (A) semi-structured individual interviews and (B) observation of clinical rounds. We used deductive content analysis to analyze data using MAXQDA software version 12. The trustworthiness of the data was evaluated based on four criteria: credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Results: In total, this study involved 14 participants, which included 6 bedside role models and 8 medical students. The mean age of medical teachers and medical students was 50 and 29.6 years, respectively. The mean duration of the interviews for medical teachers, medical students, interns, and residents was 20, 25, 30, and 20 minutes, respectively. The findings revealed three cycles and twelve phases that contribute to the development of the optimal bedside teaching model. These include the preparation cycle (comprising preparation, planning, and orientation), the clinical exposure cycle (which involves introduction, interaction, instruction, reinforcement, supervision, and summarization), and the conclusion cycle (consisting of debriefing, feedback, and reflection). Conclusion: An educational model can better facilitate the acquisition of the entire range of clinical skills and professional behaviors, which are indispensable components of learning. The experiences obtained from batches of participants in our context have been instrumental in developing an essential model that fosters both tangible and intangible skills, thereby producing competent doctors.
PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES FOR THE RADIO FREQUENCY SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN MODERN CONDITIONS OF RADIO TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Антонович П.И. , Швец С.В.
Published: December 2023

Выполнен анализ результатов научных исследований, направленных на решение проблем обеспечения радиочастотным ресурсом в условиях ускорения развития радиотехнологий. Предложена конверсия радиочастотного спектра (РЧС) для целей обеспечения перспективных беспроводных технологий радиочастотным ресурсом. Представлены способы повышения пропускной способности сетей как приоритетное требование новых приложений.

An analysis of the results of scientific research aimed at solving the problems of providing a radio frequency resource under the conditions of accelerating the development of radio technologies is carried out. The conversion of the radio frequency spectrum is proposed to provide promising wireless technologies with a radio frequency resource. Methods for increasing network throughput as a priority requirement for new applications are presented.
Memaknai Kearifan Lokal pada Bentuk Rumoh Adat Aceh di Museum Kota Juang Bireuen
Authors: Zaki Achmad , Ichsan  , Asrinaldi
Published: December 2023

Rumah adat merupakan kolaborasi dari kekayaan seni, adat dan budaya. Bentuk rumah tradisional mencerminkan nilai seni yang tinggi. Secara pemaknaan kebudayaaan rumah adat mengandung nilai dan kearifan yang dimiliki oleh suatu masyarakat. Kota Bireuen merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi Aceh yang menyimpan banyak sejarah dan catatan. Bireuen tidak hanya sebagai daerah yang pernah menjadi ibukota negara Indonesia, namun juga sebagai daerah pertama yang merintis hadirnya Islam secara komunal di Indonesia. Sebagai daerah yang memiliki akar sejarah yang panjang, Bireuen menyimpan berbagai peninggalan budaya salah satunya adalah rumah adat Aceh. Terdapat keunikan bentuk dari rumah adat Aceh yang terletak di Museum Kota Juang Bireuen, yang menjadi pembeda dengan rumah Aceh di daerah lainnya. Sehingga sangat menarik untuk mengetahui secara mendalam terkait bentuk rumah Aceh dan ornament-ornament yang menghiasinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga perspektif untuk menelaah bentuk dan makna rumah adat Aceh, yaitu perspektif historis, perspektif estetis, dan perspektif semiotika. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Adapun langkah dalam mengumpulkan data dimulai dengan studi pustaka, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.
صعود المنظمات الحكومية غير الرسمية في مجال العلاقات الدولية: البريكس نموذجًا
Authors: Mourad Nourane Cherif
Published: December 2023

الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة الى إلقاء الضوء على تعريف المنظمات الحكومية غير الرسمية في حقل العلاقات الدولية، فضلًا عن استعراض سماتها الأساسية وآليات عملها. وفى هذا الصدد، سوف يتم التركيز على البريكس كنموذج للمنظمات الحكومية غير الرسمية في هيكل التنظيم الدولي. وبناء على ذلك، انطلقت الدراسة من سؤال بحثي مفاده: لماذا يجري تصنيف البريكس كمنظمة حكومية غير رسمية؟ وما المقصود بهذا النمط من المنظمات؟ وكيف يمكن تفسير ذلك في ضوء افتراضات النظريات النقدية في العلاقات الدولية؟
المنهجية: في سبيل الإجابة عن التساؤلات السابقة، اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من خلال مراجعة مجموعة من الأدبيات النظرية المتعلقة بالتنظيم الدولي عمومًا، والمنظمات الحكومية غير الرسمية بصفة خاصة. كما تبنت الدراسة منهج دراسة الحالة، وفي هذا السياق جرى التركيز على البريكس كنموذج للمنظمات الحكومية غير الرسمية في هيكل التنظيم الدولي.
النتائج: توصلت الدراسة إلى أن مجموعة البريكس تستوفى مختلف السمات التي تجعل منها منظمة حكومية غير رسمية على الساحة الدولية؛ حيث تقتصر عضويتها على الدول التي تلتف حول غاية مشتركة ترنو الى تحقيقها دون وجود إطار قانونى ملزم. كما يغيب الطابع المؤسسي عن المنظمة؛ حيث تفتقر لوجود أمانة عامة على سبيل المثال. كما توصلت الدراسة الى وجود علاقة ارتباطية إيجابية ما بين بروز دور المنظمات الحكومية غير الرسمية من ناحية، وطبيعة التغير في النظام الدولي السائد منذ نهاية الحرب الباردة.
الخلاصة: خلصت الدراسة إلى تصاعد الاهتمام بدور المنظمات الحكومية غير الرسمية في السياسة الدولية منذ العقد الأخير من القرن الماضي. وأوصت الدراسة بأهمية عدّ المنظمات الحكومية غير الرسمية كمكمل لنظيرتها الرسمية الى جانب كونها بديلًا لها.
The Influence of Perceived Faculty Support on Psychological Health among Jordanian University Students
Authors: Shahrour Ghada , Alqudah Mohammad Abdulhameed , Al-Khayat Amjad , Abu Obead Kholoud
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the levels of stress, depression, and anxiety among Jordanian university students and whether faculty support plays a role in ameliorating student’s depression and anxiety.
Methods: A cross-sectional study used a convenience sample of 18-25-year-old undergraduate students from five public and three private Jordanian universities. An online survey via EasyQuest was employed with prior university approvals. The survey link, including the consent form, was distributed through university websites, student union pages, and online student groups. The survey collected data on perceived stress, depression, anxiety, and student-faculty interaction from 1,067 university students (64.9% female).
Results: The findings showed that Jordanian university students experience a substantial amount of stress, depression, and anxiety. While students’ stress increased their depression and anxiety, perceived faculty support had a significant ameliorating effect. Students scored their faculty interaction to be highest on the subscales of validity, respectful interactions, and approachability. On the other hand, having off-campus interaction with faculty and feeling a sense of connectedness had the lowest scores. Male university students expressed more depression and experienced less respectful interactions with university faculty than female students.
Conclusion: The findings highlight the need to implement effective strategies to improve faculty interaction with university students and extend their role to support the psychological well-being of those students.