bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shibori Workshop As A mean To Empower People With Psychological Disorders At Bachok, Kelantan
Authors: Amri Norhasliyana hazlin Zainal , Mohd Zain Mohd Zaimmudin , Hasbullah Sarah Wahida , Hassan Hanisa , Sulaiman Nurulahda , Drahman Mohd Hafiz , Jamaludin Nor Sofiatul Akma , Wardhani Ariani Kusuma , Sulaiman Vania Aqmarani
Published: November 2023

A psychological disorder is a mental disorder. Mental diseases or disorders are ailments that influence your thoughts, feelings, emotions, and behaviour. They might be intermittent or persistent (chronic). They can have an impact on your capacity to interact with others and operate on a daily basis. The types of psychological disorder are Anxiety disorders, including panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and phobias, Depression, bipolar disorder, Eating disorders, Personality disorders, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia. The researcher focused on disorders caused by tension or stress in this study. Tension is classified into two types eustress and distress. In this case, The researcher selects a suitable activity based on difficulties connected to stress that patients encounter. The activity has no fire, heat, or sharp items and 10 respondent using A4 size cotton fabric to do shibori technique. Shibori or tie dye workshops are the focus of the activities. Activities that use shibori or tie dye processes make things easier and may produce outstanding outcomes. Shibori-making may improve patience, therefore it's also regarded as a beneficial pastime for emotional and mental stability. It may also be a creative and entertaining activity at the same time. The findings of this study have 2 result is was evaluation participants and evaluation product may aid patients by improving their emotional and mental stability through patience training. This session may be beneficial to patients. Colour mixing can also be considered art therapy for patients. Patients can use this session to create a conduit for their emotions and feelings to be channelled via colour. It can also promote self-confidence and empower patients by increasing creativity and productivity.
Landslide investigation using Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) method at Kg. Chuchoh Puteri, Kuala Krai, Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Sulaiman Noorzamzarina , Badros Alya Syakirah , Sulaiman Nursufiah , Udin Wani Sofia , Shafiee Nor Shahida , Sulaiman Fazrul Razman
Published: November 2023

The possible landslide in Kg. Chuchoh Puteri, Kuala Krai, Kelantan were investigated using the electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) technique. The survey for the collecting of data was conducted along six lines. Each survey line was 200 meters long, with 5 meters between electrodes. ABEM Terrameter LS 1 is used to record all the data and RES2DINV software is used to process it. While conducting the geophysical survey, the relationship between resistivity and conductivity is reciprocal. A pole-dipole array configuration was utilised in survey Lines 1, 2, 4 and 5 and in survey Lines 3 and 6, a Schlumberger array configuration. Survey Lines 2, 3, and 6 are primarily indicated as having a high probability of experiencing a landslide using the pseudosection 2-D profile. The findings reveal varying resistivity at a depth of study between 40 and 80 meters for a survey line length of 200 meters. In general, the resistivity survey's seven pseudosections showed two distinct types of soils: dry residual soil (1–1500 Ωm) and weathered volcanic rocks (>1500 Ωm). Residual soils with varying saturation levels, hard soil and weathered volcanic rock, have dominated the soil profile. These profiles can generally be divided into two (2) zones: thin/thick layers of loose to dense residual soils (10–100 Ωm; Zone A) and thin/thick layers of dense and hard material (> 1000 Ωm).
Geochemical Studies of Rare Earth Elements (REE) in Ion Adsorption Clays (IAC) in Gua Musang, Kelantan
Authors: Fendy Nur Afikah , Ismail Roniza , Shafiee Nor Shahida , Yusoff Abdul Hafidz
Published: November 2023

Rare earth element (REE) become the ‘critical metals’ for green technology development that have been rapidly expanded worldwide in these days. REE is mainly originated from granitic rocks. REE in ion adsorption clay (IAC) is the product from weathering of granite. IAC are believed to store high concentration of heavy rare earth element (HREE) and light rare earth element (LREE). Gua Musang is selected for this study because it is located on the three longitudinal belts that composed of acid volcanic igneous rocks from Main Range, Senting and Boundary Range Granites. In this study, the characteristics of ion adsorption clays and REE distribution in Gua Musang have been studied by mineralogy and geochemical analyses. Rocks and soil samples were collected closed to the granite bodies and its surrounding to represent its weathering products. Polarised optical microscopy was used for petrography and mineralogy studies. From fieldwork observation, Gua Musang lithologies composed of carbonate facies, argillaceous facies and pyroclastic facies. X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Inductive Coupled Plasma Microspectrometry (ICP-MS) were used accordingly to characterise the composition of major and trace elements in IAC samples. REE value in Pulai are the highest concentration as iron nodule have been found in the sampling area. Sample from Boundary Range granite also reported store high concentration of REEs in this study.
Biogenic gas – “from drilling hazard to promising future hydrocarbon resource”: Study of Mamberamo Frontier Basin, North Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Chandra Agusti Putri Efrina , Panggabean Hermes , Ryka Hamriani , Shahida Henri Nor
Published: November 2023

Biogenic gas was previously considered as a drilling hazard before it has become captivating with competitive price and due to high demand. This study was done to diagnose rock formations which are prospective match up to revolutionary hydrocarbon system variables and to cast up volume estimation. The North Papua Basin, which classified as a foreland (hybrid) basin, is reckoned to have significant gas potentials from well data compliments Pleistocene Mamberamo sandstone with robust biogenic gas parameters, high methane composition (99-100%) and low CO2, H2S or N2 contents. Rapid sedimentation and low geothermal gradient play great role to establish effective biogenic gas system, followed by young-aged reservoir parameter. Field data comprise of soil gas sample supports geochemical investigation. Petrophysical and seismic interpretation results, as follow, are applied to assist volumetric calculation and uncertainty analysis using Monte Carlo simulation. Source rock evaluation from two wells reveals that Mamberamo Member D layer as the target is highly potential to become good source rock and storage of biogenic gas system in the area. The Monte Carlo simulation draws adequate correlation linking P50 (the most likely case) to the highest cumulative frequency in CDF curves, and testifies reasonable volumetric and resource calculation to be considered.
Rare earth distribution in Batu Melintang Granitic Rocks, Jeli, Kelantan
Authors: Anak Rebu Shawn Iversen , Abdirahman Siyad Siyad , Ab Malik Marwan Nur Farhana , Shaari Majed Fairuz Farhana , Shafiee Nor Shahida , Sulaiman Noorzamzarina
Published: November 2023

Rare Earth Element (REE) is a group of elements that consisting of 17 metallic elements that that occur together in the periodic table, 15 lanthanides (La), Scandium (Sc) and Yttrium (Y). REE can be divided into two groups based on atomic weight which are the light REEs are lanthanum through gadolinium (atomic numbers 57 through 64); the heavy REEs comprise terbium through lutetium (atomic numbers 65 through 71). This paper investigates the distribution of Heavy REE and Light REE in granite rock in Batu Melintang, Jeli, Kelantan. This study employed Induced Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine the distribution of rare earth elements. According to the findings, the research region has been found to contain 16 REE elements (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er Tm, Yb, Lu), with LREE distribution being greater than HREE in the granite rocks of Batu Melintang. LREE with concentration ranging from as low as 2285.53 ppb to as high as 35888.32 ppb with Ce and La being the most abundant LREE in the samples. While for HREE, the concentration ranged from 4479.72 ppb to 11,457.67 ppb, and abundance of Y, Yb, and Sc was found to be the highest in the HREE group.
Diurnal variation of secondary air pollutant concentrations during movement restriction orders in Johor
Authors: Awang Norrimi Rosaida , Kumar Soniya Ramesh
Published: November 2023

Secondary air pollutants are those that are formed through chemical reactions between primary pollutants and other substances in the atmosphere. Diurnal variations in secondary air pollutants can occur due to changes in sunlight, temperature, and the presence of other chemicals in the atmosphere. Ground-level ozone is created when sunlight interacts with nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the air. This study focused on secondary air pollution levels during movement restriction orders (MCOs)using hourly average ozone data acquired from the Department of Environment Malaysia in 2020 and 2021 in Batu Pahat station. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, time series analysis, and diurnal plot. The diurnal pattern of ozone concentrations showed a consistent trend in the location, with the highest levels observed from noon to evening and the lowest levels at night. Additionally, the study found that ozone levels were highest during the movement control order (MCOs) compared to the conditional movement control order (CMCO) and restricted movement control order (RMCO) with mean values of 18.1 ppb, 14.5 ppb and 17.4 ppb, respectively due to increased sunlight during the summer months. The study findings can be used to identify and study the best conditions to decrease ozone air pollution.
The Influence of Tidal on Water Quality in Sungai Semerak, Kelantan
Authors: Samsudin Mohamad Fikri , Shau Hwai Aileen Tan , Amin Mohd. Mohamad Faiz , Muhammad Sharifuddin Muhammad Faqrullah
Published: November 2023

A study has been done in Sungai Semerak, Pasir Puteh, Kelantan to understand the influence of tidal on river water quality. This study was carried out from June 2022 until March 2023. The main purpose for studying this river is because Sungai Semerak was one of the cleanest downstream rivers in Kelantan and faced various threats along the river. In-situ analyses were performed using YSI Multiparameter and Ex-situ laboratory analysis for total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and ammoniacal nitrogen using HACH methods. This study shows that the Water Quality Index (WQI) for Sungai Semerak was classified as Class IV. Comparing WQI during spring and neap tide, the WQI is also in Class IV. From the result obtained from this study, tidal influenced the water quality during spring tide as the reading was higher compared to neap tide. Other factors that influence the water quality may come from human activities in Sungai Semerak, such as fish farming, runoff from the agricultural site, riverside constructions, supply bases and other factors. Further actions need to be taken, and further research needs to be conducted to assess this location to support the sustainability of Sungai.
Integrating Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques for Accurate Mapping and Analysis of Oil Palm Plantation Distribution in Kelantan: A Case Study
Authors: James Jamnie , Daliman Shaparas , Rendra Pradnya Paramarta Raditya , Sukiyah Emi , Hadian Mohamad Sapari Dwi , Sulaksana Nana
Published: November 2023

The research conducted in Kelantan focused on analysing the distribution of oil palm plantations using remote sensing data and ArcGIS, a Geographic Information System (GIS) platform. The demand for accurate and up-to-date information on oil palm plantations has been increasing due to advancements in technology and the need for effective management of the environment. The study aimed to compare the distribution of oil palm plantations in 2016 and 2021 by using vegetation analysis techniques such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), and Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI). Remote sensing data from Landsat 8, specifically Bands 5, 4, and 2, were utilized to derive these vegetation indices. Ground-truthing data, obtained through GPS coordinates, were employed to increase the accuracy of the analysis. The expansion of oil palm plantations and non-oil palm areas was assessed using the Supervised Classification Maximum Likelihood method. The distribution data of oil palm plantations is highly sought after by oil palm plantation companies and serves public and private purposes, contributing to environmental monitoring and promoting sustainable practices.
The Sustainability of Transport Mode Choice among B40 Groups in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Penang Island, Malaysia
Authors: Rosli Hafizah , Samat Narimah , Abu Bakar Mohd Azmeer
Published: November 2023

The proliferation of privately owned vehicles contributes to various urban mobility issues, including traffic congestion. This study was conducted in Penang Island, Malaysia with the aim of examining the dominant transport mode choice among B40 groups, articulating the urban mobility issues they encountered and capturing their expectations regarding transport, particularly for commuting to their workplaces. In order to achieve that objective, this study employed a mixed-method technique. For the quantitative component, a total of 306 respondents from households classified as B40 were selected from Penang's eKasih Programme in the 2016 list, using a stratified random sampling upon ratio. Meanwhile, the qualitative component was conducted with a subset of 10 automobile-dependent respondents selected from 306 respondents who commute a distance exceeding 15 kilometres to their workplaces. The findings of the study reveal that specifically 29.08% of the northeast district and 42.81% of the southwest district on Penang Island, are motorcycle-dependent. It is imperative to enhance transportation policy by implementing strategies that focus on enhancing the appeal of public transportation through refurbishment efforts and diversification of transport modes. This approach aims to ensure the provision of affordable, sufficient, and efficient public transport options that can effectively cater to varying levels of demand.
Effect of Bleaching with Potassium Hydroxide on the Properties of Egg Carton Pulp for Nitrocellulose Production
Authors: Andok Amena , Lee Seng Hua , Gilbert Jesuet Melissa Sharmah , Palle Ismawati
Published: November 2023

Nitrocellulose known as gun cotton and the main component of smokeless gun powder. The primary cellulose sources for nitrocellulose manufacturing are refined cotton linters and wood pulp. This research aims to look into the possibilities of egg carton pulp (ECP) as a resource in the manufacturing of nitrocellulose. The effect of different concentrations of KOH (0.6 M, 1.0 M, and 1.5 M) on ECP properties was evaluated. The ECP was characterized by chemical composition, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). This study showed that bleaching using 1.0 M KOH reduced the lignin content by up to 1.01% and enhanced cellulose content by up to 86.94%. The presence of a 1420 cm-1band in FT-IR spectra after the bleaching process reveals the existence of cellulose in the ECP. Based on the onset temperature degradation, the highest temperature measured was 294 ℃ for 1.0 M bleached ECP, corresponding to the cellulose degradation temperature. The presence of a high proportion of cellulose in the ECP after bleaching with 1.0 M of KOH indicates that the ECP has the potential to be used as a source of raw material in nitrocellulose production.
Chemotherapie nach Progress unter Immuncheckpoint-Inhibition beim metastasierten malignen Melanom: Fallbericht und Literaturübersicht
Authors: Weilandt Juliane , Lebahn Herbert , Ludwig-Peitsch Wiebke
Published: November 2023

Hintergrund Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren (ICI), BRAF- und MEK-Inhibitoren haben die Prognose von Patienten mit metastasiertem malignem Melanom entscheidend verbessert. Nichtsdestotrotz spricht ein erheblicher Prozentsatz nicht oder nur vorübergehend auf diese modernen Therapien an. Insbesondere bei Patienten mit BRAF-Wildtyp-Melanom sind die Therapieoptionen nach Versagen von ICI limitiert.

Kasuistik Eine 24-jährige Patientin stellte sich im Dezember 2015 mit einem akrolentiginösen malignen Melanom am linken Fußballen im Tumorstadium IIB (pT4a, pN0, cM0, Infiltrationstiefe 7,95 mm, BRAF-V600-Wildtyp) vor, das leitliniengerecht operativ versorgt und für 18 Monate adjuvant mit Interferon-alpha behandelt wurde. Nach Diagnose von zwei Lymphknotenmetastasen links inguinal und radikaler Lymphknotendissektion erhielt die Patientin für 12 Monate eine adjuvante Therapie mit Nivolumab. Nach einem 10-monatigen tumorfreien Intervall ohne Therapie erbrachte das Staging eine paraaortale Lymphknotenmetastase. Gemäß Tumorkonferenz-Beschluss wurde bei nunmehr vorliegendem Stadium IV eine Immunkombinationstherapie mit Nivolumab und Ipilimumab begonnen, die nach 2 Gaben aufgrund einer Autoimmunkolitis und -hepatitis Grad 3 beendet und auf eine Nivolumab-Monotherapie umgestellt wurde. Bei erneutem Tumorprogress auch nach Metastasenresektion und fehlender Möglichkeit einer Studienteilnahme wurde eine palliative Chemotherapie mit Dacarbazin 850 mg/m2 alle 3 Wochen eingeleitet. Hiermit ließ sich nach 4 Zyklen eine partielle Remission und nach 10 Zyklen eine Komplettremission erzielen, die nunmehr seit 10 Monaten ohne Therapie anhält.

Diskussion Es gibt Hinweise darauf, dass die Effektivität einer Chemotherapie nach vorangegangener Immuncheckpoint-Inhibition höher ist als ohne diese Vortherapie, möglicherweise durch einen immunmodulatorischen Effekt der Chemotherapie, der synergistisch mit einer Immunaktivierung durch ICI wirkt. Bisher liegen nur wenige Studien zu dieser Therapiesequenz beim Melanom vor, bei denen es sich ausschließlich um retrospektive Analysen handelt. Diese weisen auf einen klinischen Nutzen der Therapiesequenz hin, wenngleich die Evidenz hierfür sehr gering ist. Die meisten Patienten, die nach einer Vortherapie mit ICI auf Dacarbazin oder andere Chemotherapien ansprechen, erreichen eine partielle Remission. Anhaltende Komplettremissionen wie bei unserer Patientin sind eine Rarität.
Clinical Applications of Radiomics in Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Lohmann Philipp , Bundschuh Ralph Alexander , Miederer Isabelle , Mottaghy Felix M. , Langen Karl Josef , Galldiks Norbert
Published: November 2023

Radiomics is an emerging field of artificial intelligence that focuses on the extraction and analysis of quantitative features such as intensity, shape, texture and spatial relationships from medical images. These features, often imperceptible to the human eye, can reveal complex patterns and biological insights. They can also be combined with clinical data to create predictive models using machine learning to improve disease characterization in nuclear medicine. This review article examines the current state of radiomics in nuclear medicine and shows its potential to improve patient care. Selected clinical applications for diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular problems and thyroid diseases are examined. The article concludes with a brief classification in terms of future perspectives and strategies for linking research findings to clinical practice.
Aesthetic Evaluation and Validation: Umbilicus Reconstruction after DIEP Flap
Authors: Haddock Nicholas T. , Steppe Cyrus , Teotia Sumeet S.
Published: November 2023

Background The most common method for autologous breast reconstruction is the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap. The umbilicus can be managed in various ways, including re-inset, neoumbilicus, and umbilectomy without reconstruction. This study evaluated the aesthetic differences in umbilicus reconstruction choice and variation in patients' postoperative satisfaction with their abdomen.

Methods A retrospective review of 1,019 patients treated with DIEP flap breast reconstruction between August 2009 and January 2022 was conducted. Patients were stratified by management of the umbilicus: preservation and re-inset of the native umbilicus, umbilectomy with delayed reconstruction, and umbilectomy with no reconstruction. A crowdsourced survey was created to assess the aesthetic preference of each photograph using a Likert scale.

Results There were 1,063 responses to the umbilicus preference crowd source survey. Patients who had delayed umbilicus reconstruction after umbilectomy were rated to be significantly more attractive (4.397 ± 1.697) than both preservation of the native umbilicus (4.176 ± 1.669) and lack of the umbilicus (3.994 ± 1.733; p < 0.001 and <0.001, respectively). In an analysis of the BREAST-Q scores, delayed reconstruction patients had a similar change across measures when compared to the re-inset group. The delayed group had a significantly higher change in overall satisfaction and well-being with abdomen when compared with the no reconstruction group (p = 0.006 and 0.027, respectively).

Conclusion This study demonstrates that umbilectomy with delayed reconstruction yields a significantly higher aesthetic rating and comparable patient satisfaction when compared to re-inset of the umbilicus.
Propofol versus Desflurane in Moyamoya Disease Patients—A Pilot Study
Authors: Ankolekar Ronak R. , Kaur Kirandeep , Jangra Kiran , Aggarwal Ashish , Panda Nidhi B. , Bhagat Hemant , Barik Amiya K.
Published: November 2023

Objectives The choice of inhalational or intravenous anesthetic agents is debatable in neurosurgical patients. Desflurane, a cerebral vasodilator, may be advantageous in ischemic cerebral pathologies. Hence, we planned to compare desflurane and propofol in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) with the objective of comparing neurological outcomes.

Materials and Methods This prospective pilot trial was initiated after institutional ethics committee approval. Patients with MMD undergoing revascularization surgery were randomized into two groups receiving either desflurane or propofol intraoperatively. Neurological outcomes were assessed using a modified Rankin score (mRS) at discharge and an extended Glasgow outcome score (GOS-E) at 1 month. Intraoperative parameters, including hemodynamic parameters, end-tidal carbon dioxide, entropy, intraoperative brain relaxation scores (BRS), and rescue measures for brain relaxation, were compared.

Statistical Analysis The normality of quantitative data was checked using Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests of normality. Normally distributed data were compared using unpaired t-tests, skewed data using Mann–Whitney U tests, and categorical variables using chi-squared tests.

Results A total of 17 patients were randomized, 10 in the desflurane and 7 in the propofol group. mRS (1.3 ± 0.6 and 1.14 ± 0.4, p = 0.450) and GOS-E (6.7 ± 0.6 and 6.85 ± 0.5, p = 0.45) were comparable between desflurane and propofol groups, respectively. BRS was significantly higher in the desflurane group (3.6 ± 0.5) compared to the propofol group (2.1 ± 0.3, p = 0.001), with a significant number of patients requiring rescue measures in the desflurane group (70%, p < 0.001). Other outcome parameters were comparable (p > 0.05).

Conclusion We conclude that postoperative neurological outcomes were comparable with using either an anesthetic agent, desflurane, or propofol in MMD patients undergoing revascularization surgery. Maintenance of anesthesia with propofol had significantly superior surgical field conditions.
Rechtskolumne: Vergütung ambulanter Strahlentherapie während eines Klinikaufenthalts
Authors: Weimer Tobias
Published: November 2023

Eine ambulant durch niedergelassene Ärzte begonnene Strahlentherapie wurde, während eines Krankenhausaufenthalts einer krebskranken Patientin, ambulant durch die beigeladene Arztpraxis fortgesetzt und dem Krankenhaus in Rechnung gestellt.
Interoperabilität: Verstärkte Schnittstellenpflicht
Authors: Redmann Jörg , Babl Ludwig
Published: November 2023

Bereits die Übertragung eines Termins vom Patientenportal in das Krankenhausinformationssystem wäre ohne eine Schnittstelle nicht möglich. Künftig wird es mehr verbindliche Vorgaben für Softwareprodukte geben. Krankenhäuser können dann Hard- und Softwareprodukte individueller kombinieren.
KI im Gesundheitswesen: Andere Branchen sind längst weiter
Authors: Müller Alexander , Angler Yannik
Published: November 2023

Angesichts der im Gesundheitswesen vorhandenen Mengen an Daten ist diese Branche prädestiniert dafür, auf KI-Anwendungen zu setzen. Doch wohin kann dabei die Reise gehen? Ein Blick über den Tellerrand zeigt, wo Unternehmen in anderen Tätigkeitsfeldern schon heute erfolgreich auf Automatisierung mithilfe von KI setzen.
KI-Vorsprung bei Vivantes: Eine Suite, viele Möglichkeiten
Authors: Hollmig Luisa-Maria
Published: November 2023

Der Berliner Klinikkonzern Vivantes hat im Sommer eine KI-Initiative gestartet. Die Tools unterstützen Ärzte dabei, Frakturen, Lungenembolien und Hirnblutungen zu diagnostizieren. Perspektivisch sollen die Möglichkeiten der künstlichen Intelligenz noch mehr genutzt werden.
Laparoskopie: Roboter auf Abruf
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: November 2023

Der chirurgische Operationsroboter Dexter ermöglicht es Chirurgen, Laparoskopie und roboterassistierte OP im fliegenden Wechsel zu verwenden. Erste Krankenhäuser, darunter das Universitätsklinikum Bonn, sammeln bereits Erfahrung mit dem flexiblen System.
Sensorbasiertes Unterstützungssystem: Hochpräzise Tumoroperation
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: November 2023

Am Universitätsklinikum Jena arbeitet ein interdisziplinäres Forscherteam an einem Verfahren, das Chirurgen bei einer Tumoroperation kontinuierlich visuell und haptisch unterstützt. Prof. Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Direktor der Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde und Koordinator des Projektteams, erläutert das Vorhaben.
Artificial intelligence-driven scalability and its impact on the sustainability and valuation of traditional firms
Authors: Moro-Visconti Roberto , Cruz Rambaud Salvador , López Pascual Joaquín
Published: November 2023

The objective of this study is to determine the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) of firms as a proxy of their financial and economic margins by improving revenues and minimizing expenses. This impact is positive on the market value and scalability by improving the economic and financial sustainability of companies. The methodology is based on a business plan that considers the savings obtained by a traditional firm implementing AI. Specifically, a sensitivity analysis will demonstrate that AI savings impact key parameters, leading to economic and financial sustainability. Additionally, a mathematical interpretation, based on network theory, will be produced to provide and compare the added value of two ecosystems (without and with AI that adds up new nodes and strengthens the existing ones). The main contribution of this paper is the combination of two unrelated approaches, showing the potential of AI in scalable ecosystems. In future research, this innovative methodology could be extended to other technological applications.
Unambiguous coupling between acoustic and electromagnetic emissions in plastically deformed crystals
Authors: Chishko K. A.
Published: November 2023

An evident coupling between acoustic (AE) and electromagnetic (EME) emissions has been proved experimentally during plastic deformation of LiF ionic monocrystals under uniaxial compression with simultaneous recording of both AE and EME. The strong correlation between AE and EME demonstrate clearly that the observed EME is caused by dynamical dislocations and charged vacancies in the ionic lattice during work hardening. The theoretical interpretation proposed to explain the observable EME is based on the well-known Stepanov effect that means sweeping-up the charged vacancies of a preferable sign by gliding edge dislocations and formation of charged Cottrell clouds. During work hardening dislocation pile-ups are formed, and a certain nonequilibrium charge density is accumulated at their heads, resulting to the dynamic electric polarization of the deformed crystal. As the external loading increases, a locked dislocation pile-up bursts through the stoppers and quickly loses its bound charge. The relaxation of this charge produces intrinsic polarization currents generating electric pulses strongly correlated with dynamic dislocation process during plastic deformation. To build the theoretical model, it is assumed that the relaxation current can be described as an athermic viscous motion of vacancies under the kinetic friction force ∼Bυ (B is the friction coefficient and υ is the vacancy velocity) in a self-consistent electric field determined by the distribution of the total charge density. The electrical signal generated by an acting slip system has been calculated. By comparing the calculated and experimentally measured electric signal patterns, the friction coefficient for the linear chain of vacancies (the analogue of an edge dislocation extra-plane) in LiF has been estimated to be B≃ 0.9⋅10–5 g cm–1⋅s–1. This value is in accordance with the corresponding coefficient for dislocations in ionic lattices.
Transformation of the structure of the polyimide film during deformation: The effect of thickness
Authors: Geidarov V. G. , Braude I. S. , Lototskaya V. A. , Pohribna Yu. M.
Published: November 2023

The effect of the thickness of the amorphous polymerized films of poly-4,4'-diphenylene oxide pyromellitimide on the structure after deformation by stretching at 293 K and 77 K was studied. The evolution of the macromolecular structure was concluded based on the results of the redistribution of the intensity diffraction peaks. It was established that the structure of films with a thickness of 75 μm is homogeneous and does not cardinal changes after deformation. Deformation of polymer films with a thickness of 125 μm leads to the appearance of regions with long-range order in the sample.
Relaxation of the mechanical properties of polyimide films of the kapton H type during long-term exposure at ambient conditions
Authors: Lototskaya V. A. , Yakovenko L. F.
Published: November 2023

The influence of the exposure time in the initial state at room temperature, which is comparable to the time of operation in orbit (5, 8, and 10 years), on the mechanical properties of polyimide films of the kapton H type of different thicknesses and manufacturers under tensile conditions at room temperature was studied. A change in all studied characteristics (forced elasticity limit, fracture stress, total deformation before fracture, contributions of individual strain components to it, modules of elasticity, and forced elasticity at individual stages of deformation) was revealed. The changes were different for amorphous and partially crystalline films, as well as for amorphous films of the same thickness, but obtained by different manufacturers.
On the interaction of migrating {112¯6} twin boundary with nucleus of {101¯2} twin in Mg at T → 0 K
Authors: Verma Ritu , Ostapovets Andriy
Published: November 2023

Interaction between migrating {112¯6} twin boundary and nucleus of {101¯2} twin in magnesium is studied in a framework of computer simulations. It is demonstrated that {112¯6} boundary can be split into basal-prismatic interfaces during interaction. These basal-prismatic interfaces form new nucleus of {101¯2} twin, which coalesces with a pre-existed nucleus. Subsequent migration of {112¯6} boundary leads to reverse conversion of {101¯2} nucleus into {112¯6} boundary. This process leads to “consumption” of pre-existed {101¯2} twin nucleus by growing of {112¯6} twin.
Simulating tissue growth factors for custom tissue engineering
Authors: Shapiro Maura
Published: November 2023

By understanding the combined effects of various factors, researchers can engineer tissue tailored to each purpose.
Advancements in bioimaging probes and nanoscale biosensors for cancer detection
Authors: Lange Katherine De
Published: November 2023

Various bioimaging and biosensing tools can accurately diagnose early-stage cancer by recognizing stage-specific changes in cancer cell proliferation.
Thin-film transistors mimic biological synapses
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: November 2023

Transistors fabricated with 2D molybdenum disulfide can replicate the connections and plasticity of neurons for applications in AI and neuromorphic computing.
Multimode optomechanics with a two-dimensional optomechanical crystal
Authors: Madiot Guilhem , Albrechtsen Marcus , Stobbe Søren , Sotomayor-Torres Clivia M. , Arregui Guillermo
Published: November 2023

Chip-scale multimode optomechanical systems have unique benefits for sensing, metrology, and quantum technologies relative to their single-mode counterparts. Slot-mode optomechanical crystals enable sideband resolution and large optomechanical couplings of a single optical cavity to two microwave-frequency mechanical modes. Still, previous implementations have been limited to nanobeam geometries, whose effective quantum cooperativity at ultralow temperatures is limited by their low thermal conductance. In this work, we design and experimentally demonstrate a two-dimensional mechanical–optical–mechanical (MOM) platform that dispersively couples a slow-light slot-guided photonic-crystal waveguide mode and two slow-sound ∼ 7 GHz phononic wire modes localized in physically distinct regions. We first demonstrate optomechanical interactions in long waveguide sections, unveiling acoustic group velocities below 800 m/s, and then move on to mode-gap adiabatic heterostructure cavities with a tailored mechanical frequency difference. Through optomechanical spectroscopy, we demonstrate optical quality factors Q ∼ 105, vacuum optomechanical coupling rates, go/2π, of 1.5 MHz, and dynamical back-action effects beyond the single-mode picture. At a larger power and adequate laser-cavity detuning, we demonstrate regenerative optomechanical oscillations involving a single mechanical mode, extending to both mechanical modes through modulation of the input laser drive at their frequency difference. This work constitutes an important advance toward engineering MOM systems with nearly degenerate mechanical modes as part of hybrid multipartite quantum systems.
Electronic comprehension of exchange bias effect in Sr2CoRuO6−δ thin-film
Authors: Saha Subho , Bagri Anita , Chowdhury Sourav , Yadav Priyanka , Choudhary Ram Janay
Published: November 2023

Sr2CoRuO6 in its bulk form shows spin glass behavior with a transition temperature of 95 K, and in its epitaxial thin film, it shows similar behavior with a transition temperature of 135 K. We have studied the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of a polycrystalline thin film of oxygen-deficient Sr2CoRuO6−δ (SCRO), which shows ferrimagnetic or glassy behavior up to room temperature. The presence of oxygen deficiency causes multivalent cations Co3+ and Co2+ and Ru4+ and Ru5+, which introduces various kinds of magnetic interactions between Co3+–O–Co2+, Co3+–O–Ru4+, Co2+–O–Ru4+, Co3+–O–Ru5+, and Co2+–O–Ru5+ exchange paths, producing unusual exchange bias effects in the single layer thin film of SCRO. The interionic charge transfer between Co and Ru ions as a result of the negative charge transfer energy of the system helps in visualizing the unconventional exchange bias effect in the system.
Understanding Prandtl fluid flow in conduits with slip boundary conditions: Implications for engineering and physiology
Authors: Khan M. Ijaz , Ravikumar S. , Raghunath Kodi , Hejazi Hala A. , Chen Guoqian , Tao Luoyi
Published: November 2023

In this analysis, rotation, magnetic fields, and Hall current effects are considered as they pertain to the flow of a Prandtl fluid via a conduit with slip boundary conditions. Closed-form solutions for velocity and temperature are derived using a long-wavelength approximation and conditions of low Reynolds numbers in the analysis. The results show that the pressure gradient rises for larger values of the first-order slip parameter and the second-order slip parameter but falls for larger values of the Prandtl fluid parameter. Furthermore, in the free, peristaltic, and retrograde pumping regimes, pumping rates increase with an increase in the slip parameters, while pumping rates drop in the back-pumping zone. Although fluid temperature drops with an increase in the Prandtl fluid parameter, it is still affected by the Prandtl fluid parameter and the slip parameters. The ramifications of these findings for developing pumping systems and gastrointestinal health are substantial. They allow the body's fluids to flow smoothly, which improves the efficiency of functions, including oxygen delivery, waste removal, and nutrient delivery.
Classical and Bayesian estimation for Gompertz distribution under the unified hybrid censored sampling with application
Authors: Abo-Kasem O. E. , Abdelgaffar A. , Al Mutairi Aned , Khashab Rana H. , Abu El Azm Wael S.
Published: November 2023

This study discusses the Gompertz distribution’s statistical inference using unified hybrid censored data. Under various loss functions, the maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches are explored for estimating the parameters for the Gompertz distribution. To compare the suggested methodologies, the Monte Carlo simulation is used, which also introduces the simulation research. By examining a genuine dataset, the applicability of the presented inference in practice is finally demonstrated.
A novel pH-responsive wormlike micelles combinated sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and diethylenetriamine (DETA) based on noncovalent electrostatic interaction
Authors: Zhou Bobo , Yang Hongbin , Li Xinxin , Li Zhe , Bauyrzhan Sarsenbekuly , Kang Wanli , Shen Jingjing , Ning Changyuan , Yang Xiaoke
Published: November 2023

pH-Responsive wormlike micelles (WLMs) have attracted lots of attention due to their abundant advantages, for example, ease of adjustment and strong reversibility. We have learned that the degree of protonation of diethylenetriamine (DETA) varies with pH, and the anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) can connect with cationic groups. Inspired by this, a novel pH-responsive WLMs was prepared based on noncovalent electrostatic interaction with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and DETA at a molar ratio of 3:1. Properties of the SDS/DETA system were assessed from the aspects of rheology, macro-morphology, aggregates diameter, and micro-morphology. When the pH decreased from 9.98 to 6.80, the SDS/DETA system represented as a weak gel with the viscosity increasing from 7.6 mPa s to 1.4 × 103 mPa·s and the average hydrodynamic radius increasing from 5.6 to 91.3 nm. The phenomenon is attributed to the protonation of DETA when reducing the pH and the formation of WLMs based on electrostatic interaction between DETA and SDS. However, when pH was further reduced by adding HCl, the SDS/DETA system would reach its isoelectric point, thus the solution became turbid with low viscosity. The SDS/DETA solution represents excellent reversibility (at least three cycles) in viscoelasticity by adjusting the pH value, and such pH-responsive WLM holds significant potential for broader applications in biomedical, oilfield chemistry, and other fields.
Swarmalators on a ring with uncorrelated pinning
Authors: Sar Gourab Kumar , O’Keeffe Kevin , Ghosh Dibakar
Published: November 2023

We present a case study of swarmalators (mobile oscillators) that move on a 1D ring and are subject to pinning. Previous work considered the special case where the pinning in space and the pinning in the phase dimension were correlated. Here, we study the general case where the space and phase pinning are uncorrelated, both being chosen uniformly at random. This induces several new effects, such as pinned async, mixed states, and a first-order phase transition. These phenomena may be found in real world swarmalators, such as systems of vinegar eels, Janus matchsticks, electrorotated Quincke rollers, or Japanese tree frogs.
Vector-borne parasitic infections after the earthquake
Authors: Yıldız Zeyrek Fadile , Yakut Salim , Korkmaz Metin
Published: November 2023

The transmission of vector-borne infections after an earthquake is related to the changes in the environment caused by the earthquake. The displacement of thousands of people, especially in areas where vector-borne diseases are endemic, can significantly increase human exposure to mosquitoes and other vectors and the pathogens they may carry in overcrowded environments and inappropriate temporary shelters, leading to an increase in human infection cases. The devastating earthquakes in Türkiye on 6 February 2023 pose a risk of the spread and outbreaks of vector-borne infections such as cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and malaria, which are endemic in the region. Public health authorities should prioritise surveillance in all earthquake-affected areas. Immediate detection and identification of local vector species, monitor environmental conditions and potential breeding grounds, insecticide application and use of mosquito nets and development of interventions to prevent the emergence of vector-borne infections are essential. Case diagnosis and treatment follow-up, prophylaxis, training of the public and health personnel, improving temporary shelter conditions and facilitating access to clean drinking water and health services are essential to minimise the impact of vector-borne infections in post-earthquake situations.
In vivo selection of synthetic nucleocapsids for tissue targeting
Authors: Olshefsky Audrey , Benasutti Halli , Sylvestre Meilyn , Butterfield Gabriel L. , Rocklin Gabriel J. , Richardson Christian , Hicks Derrick R. , Lajoie Marc J. , Song Kefan , Leaf Elizabeth , Treichel Catherine , Decarreau Justin , Ke Sharon , Kher Gargi , Carter Lauren , Chamberlain Jeffrey S. , Baker David , King Neil P. , Pun Suzie H.
Published: November 2023

Controlling the biodistribution of protein- and nanoparticle-based therapeutic formulations remains challenging. In vivo library selection is an effective method for identifying constructs that exhibit desired distribution behavior; library variants can be selected based on their ability to localize to the tissue or compartment of interest despite complex physiological challenges. Here, we describe further development of an in vivo library selection platform based on self-assembling protein nanoparticles encapsulating their own mRNA genomes (synthetic nucleocapsids or synNCs). We tested two distinct libraries: a low-diversity library composed of synNC surface mutations (45 variants) and a high-diversity library composed of synNCs displaying miniproteins with binder-like properties (6.2 million variants). While we did not identify any variants from the low-diversity surface library that yielded therapeutically relevant changes in biodistribution, the high-diversity miniprotein display library yielded variants that shifted accumulation toward lungs or muscles in just two rounds of in vivo selection. Our approach should contribute to achieving specific tissue homing patterns and identifying targeting ligands for diseases of interest.
Electromagnetically induced transparency in a strongly coupled orthogonal polarization-insensitive planar terahertz metamaterial
Authors: Vaswani Lavi Kumar , Chouhan Bhagwat Singh , Panwar Anuraj , Kumar Gagan
Published: November 2023

We demonstrate experimentally and numerically the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect in a strongly coupled planar terahertz (THz) metamaterial. The circular-shaped four-arc geometry combined with cross resonators ensures the polarization-insensitive response of the EIT for the orthogonal polarization incident THz. The EIT response can be varied by changing the gap between the arc and cross-shaped resonators. The field profiles indicate a strong coupling between the resonators leading to the EIT effect. In order to understand the underlying physical mechanism, we employed a coupled harmonic oscillator model, which suggests an increase in coupling when the distance between resonators is reduced. THz time-domain spectroscopy of the fabricated samples with the same shape and size of the simulated structures was used to verify the numerical findings. Our study uses a symmetric and easy-to-fabricate planar metasurface that can pave the way for the design and construction of THz photonic components, such as optical switches and slow light devices.
The third post-Newtonian equatorial motion in Kerr spacetime
Authors: Yang Bo , Lin Wenbin
Published: November 2023

We calculate the third post-Newtonian (PN) order solution for the equatorial motion of a test particle in Kerr spacetime. In particular, we obtain the effects of the spin-induced quadrupole on the periastron advance and the orbital period at the 3PN order.
Mimetic inflation and self-reproduction
Authors: Chamseddine A.H. , Khaldieh M. , Mukhanov V.
Published: November 2023

It is shown how self-reproduction can be easily avoided in the inflationary universe, even
when inflation starts at Planck scales. This is achieved by a simple coupling of the inflaton
potential with a mimetic field. In this case, the problem of fine-tuning of the initial conditions
does not arise, while eternal inflation and the multiverse with all their widely discussed
problems are avoided.
Cold New Early Dark Energy pulls the trigger on the H
0 and S
8 tensions: a simultaneous solution to both tensions without new ingredients
Authors: Cruz Juan S. , Niedermann Florian , Sloth Martin S.
Published: November 2023

In this work, we show that the Cold New Early Dark Energy (Cold NEDE) model in its
original form can solve both the Hubble tension and the S
8 tension without adding any new
ingredients at the fundamental level. So far, it was assumed that the trigger field in the Cold
NEDE model is completely subdominant. However, relaxing this assumption and letting the trigger
field contribute a mere 0.5% of the total energy density leads to a resolution of the S
8 
tension while simultaneously improving it as a solution to the H
0 tension. Fitting this model
to baryonic acoustic oscillations, large-scale-structure, supernovae (including a SH0ES prior),
and cosmic microwave background data, we report a preferred NEDE fraction of f
NEDE =
0.134+0.032
-0.025 (68% C.L.), lifting its Gaussian evidence for the first time above
5σ (up from 4σ when the trigger contribution to dark matter is negligible). At the
same time, we find the new concordance values H
0 = 71.71 ± 0.88 km sec-1 Mpc-1 and S
8 = 0.793 ± 0.018. Excluding large-scale
structure data and the SH0ES prior, both Gaussian tensions are reduced below the 2σ 
level.