bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of the transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative analgesia and patient comfort in patients having abdominal surgery with general anesthesia
Authors:   Numune Hospital Department of Anesthesiology, Sivas, Turkey, Yuksek Nagihan , Isbir Ahmet C. ,   Cumhuriyet University Hospital Department of Anesthesiology, Sivas, Turkey, Avci Onur ,   Cumhuriyet University Hospital Department of Anesthesiology, Sivas, Turkey, Kol Iclal Ozdemir ,   Cumhuriyet University Hospital Department of Anesthesiology, Sivas, Turkey, Kaygusuz Kenan ,   Cumhuriyet University Hospital Department of Anesthesiology, Sivas, Turkey, Gursoy Sinan ,   Cumhuriyet University Hospital Department of Anesthesiology, Sivas, Turkey
Published: April 2022

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of tranversus abdominis plane (TAP) block placed postoperatively using ultrasound guidance for patients with caesarean section, myomectomy, and hysterectomy under general anesthesia by eliminating additional pain caused by surgical incision. Methodology: The study has been planned to investigate the postoperative analgesia of 50 patients with TAP blocks applied and non-applied between the ages of 18-65, who will pass abdominal surgery. The study has been conducted in a prospective, randomized and controlled manner. Patients have been classified as those who have undergone TAP block (group: I) and those without block (group: II). Results: Mean age of the patients in the TAP block group was 35.52 years, the mean age of the other group was 32 years and there was no statistically significant difference. The patients' visual analog scale (VAS) was evaluated at the 30th minute, 1st, 2nd, 6th, 12th, and 24th hours in the postoperative period. For patients with TAP blocks, the VAS score was found to be lower for all hours than patients without TAP blocks (p<0.05). Beginning at the 30th minute and 1st-hour analgesic needs of the block patients were compared with the other group (p<0.05). Conclusion: TAP, that can be easily and safely placed provides effective analgesia and reduces the additional disruptions caused by the pain.
Leveraging Quality Management Systems to Prevent Product Liabilities
Authors:   Global Personnel Certification Co., Ltd. (GPC), Gong Gilbert
Published: April 2022

Manufacturing companies should consider the liabilities for their products because the Product Liability Act is recognized as a global standard and, as such, is an inevitable reality in our industrial world. Accidents, incidents, and failures of products will inevitably occur in the system of mass production, mass distribution, and mass consumption. However, companies should not have to be afraid of incidents developing into lawsuits when distributing products to the market. The premise of this paper is to share how proactive companies can prepare countermeasures to prevent product liability accidents from happening and/or effectively address any accidents, incidents, or product failures that do occur. At the management level, the top priority should be to prepare Product Liability Prevention (PLP) and Product Liability Defense (PLD) systems. Implementing an effective quality management can be a good control method to prevent and defend against product liabilities. To maximize the quality management system’s capabilities, an organization should be restructured and given more opportunities for training as well as expanded manpower. (All activity results should be recorded for evidentiary purposes in case of a lawsuit.) To enhance product control measures, a testing and measurement system should be introduced under the concept of state-ofthe-art technology. If a company cannot handle the testing and measurement of products in-house, it can enlist the help of an external organization. With effective prevention and defense systems in place for product liability matters, manufacturing organizations stand a better chance of being successful and long-lasting in the global marketplace.
Mathematical Models Used to Affirm Fairness, Validity, Reliability, and General Performance of Examinations Used for Personnel Certification Complying to ISO/IEC 17024 Standard Requirements
Authors:   International Personnel Certification Association, Vural Osman , Nelson David ,   Quality Psychometric Services, Anastasopoulos Ioannis ,   Department of Mathematics, University of California at Berkeley
Published: April 2022

Validating the examinations provided by conformity assessment bodies for personnel certification purposes is a requirement of the international standard ISO/IEC 17024 “Conformity assessment—General requirements for bodies operating certification of persons.” A fundamental requirement for each examination developer is to achieve a reliable and fair examination process. The validity of a test paper depends on the quality of the sections that constitute the examination. Considering that the examination must measure the competencies derived by the relevant job/task analysis, there is a direct connection between the job/task analysis outputs and the respective examination. There are prescribed steps in linking the relatedness of the examination to the knowledge and skills required for a job. These steps lead to an examination that has been “validated” in that its content accurately measures the necessary knowledge and skills required for the job. This paper describes the steps to design the ideal examination (personnel evaluation) system, as well as some of the statistical techniques that can be used to analyze items that are necessary to establish question banks. The scope of this paper is limited to the “job analysis” component of certification schemes and does not extend to requirements for administration of examinations, including performance-based assessments, oral examinations, and remote assessments.
Dynamic Performance Enhancement of an Armature Controlled Separately Excited D.C. Motor
Authors: Abdulla Zainab
Published: April 2022

In this paper the dynamic performance (speed regulation performance versus reference and load torque changes) of a separately excited D.C. motor is enhanced, the D.C. motor is fed by a D.C. source through a chopper which consists of GTO thyristor and free-wheeling diode. The motor drives a mechanical load characterized by inertia J, friction coefficient B, and load torque TL. The performance enhancement is achieved by using a speed control loop uses a proportional-integral (PI) controller which produces the reference signal for the current control loop and this is a (PI) current controller compares the sensed current with the reference and generates the trigger signal for the GTO thyristor to force the motor current to follow the reference. The simulation of the D.C. drive is performed using MATLAB/Simulink program version 7.10 (R2010a).
The Effect of Autoclave Processing on Some Properties of Cross-Linked Acrylic Denture Base Material
Authors: Khalaf Husam , Kamil Nagham , Kareem Ali , Kamil Nawar
Published: April 2022

Background: Impact strength, surface hardness, water sorption and solubility are important properties for cross linking acrylic resin as denture base material so it is important to evaluate these properties after autoclave processing.Objectives: The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of different time durations of autoclave processing on some physical and mechanical properties of cross linking acrylic denture base materials.Materials and methods: Heat cured cross link acrylic was the acrylic denture base material included in this study. Total of (108) specimens were prepared. The specimens were grouped into: control group in which acrylic resin processed by conventional water bath processing technique and experimental groups in which acrylic resins processed by autoclave at 121°C, 210 KPa. The experimental groups were divided into group 1 (Fast) for 15 minutes. and group 2 (Slow) for 30minutes to study the effect of the autoclave processing, four tests were conducted: impact strength (Charpy tester), surface hardness (shore D), and water sorption and solubility test.Result: The results were analyzed by ANOVA. There were no significant differences between the results of the processing techniques regarding impact, hardness, and water sorption and solubility tests.Conclusions: The autoclave processing technique might also be a good alternative to the conventional water bath processing technique regardless to the cycle of autoclave processing either fast or slow.
When Kids are challenged to solve real problems – Case study on transforming learning with interpersonal presence and digital technologies
Authors: Motschnig Renate , Pfeiffer Daniel , Gawin Anna , Gawin Peter , Steiner Michael
Published: April 2022

Whereas the world around us changes radically, innovations in the school system tend to be extremely slow. In the era of digitalization this is particularly unfortunate, since kids urgently need to acquire skills that teachers were not prepared to teach. This situation calls for new models of education. This case study is about implementing one such model, namely applying the Stanford Design Thinking Method to let pupils design elements of their life like schoolbags, classrooms and robots, and implement prototypes using technologies such as Minecraft, Micro:bit, and Lego Education. In the innovative educational intervention 'MadeByKids', the DaVinci Lab, an external organization, worked with pupils (at grade K2 to K6, in sum about 450 children), in a series of three workshops at 17 Austrian schools. We researched the workshops via a case study on essential features of the intervention and by quantitative and qualitative pre-test and post-test questionnaires of pupils. Results show that pupils learn meaningfully regarding programming as well as social competences and most of them enjoy this kind of active learning. Results also indicate clearly that - even though the intervention is centered at children - their teachers need to be intensively included, otherwise a remarkable share of them may experience a loss of control over their class and remain skeptical. Besides discussing the results of the survey, the authors address the challenge of sustainability and share important learnings from the project.
Scientific Evidence Of Healing With Use Of Faith And Positive Language In Psychotherapy
Authors: Zahoor Rubina
Published: April 2022

A qualitative study of 30 counsellors or psychotherapists whose work also includes healing was conducted using semi-structured interviews. Seven of the participants then joined the researcher in a human inquiry group. Participants in the research had been practitioners for a mean of over 10 years. The main themes that emerged were the transition by the practitioner towards the use of healing; the taboo concerning talking about spiritual and healing experiences reported by the participants; the nature of healing as distinct from therapy; the supervision difficulties that arose when participants engaged in both counselling/psychotherapy and healing with their clients; and the concept of spiritual space. Some very experienced psychotherapists and counsellors are now including healing in their work. This raises a number of important issues, particularly relating to supervision.
The Use of Paper Toys in Supporting Fine Motor Development of Children with Moderate Mental Retardation
Authors: Pong Sofia Esterina , Retnaningtyas Erma , Yalestyarini Eva Agustina
Published: April 2022

Background: Mentally retarded children are children who have intellectual decline. Children with mental retardation cannot coordinate well with small muscles or fine motor parts, for example: folding fingers, and so on. Method: This research uses Pre-Experiment One Group Pre Test Post Test Design. The sample of mental retardation in SLB C1 Putera Asih Kediri City was 30 respondents using purposive sampling technique to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 28 respondents. The independent variable is paper toys and the dependent variable is the fine motor skills of children with moderate mental retardation. The instrument is an observation sheet to determine the effect between the variables used by the Wilcoxon test with a significant level of 0.05. Results The results of the study, before being given paper toys as many as 20 (67%) children experienced inappropriate fine motor development. Fine motor development of moderately mentally retarded children after being given paper toys as many as 21 children (48%) children experienced good fine motor development. The results of the statistical test show a significant value with a p value of 0.000 which means p value <0.005 so that H0 is rejected. Conclusion: the use of paper toys at SLB C1 Putera Asih, Kediri City shows that there is an influence between the use of paper toys and fine motor development, because paper toys can make children concentrate, explore or stimulate children to coordinate their small muscles or fine motor skills
The Effect of High Fiber Consumption Patterns on Lowering Cholesterol Levels Low Density Lipoprotein: Literature Review
Authors: Saputro Heri , Rifani Lutfi Ema
Published: April 2022

Background: Hypercholesterolemia can cause blockages in blood vessels and heart. Not infrequently people with hypercholesterolemia will experience myocardial infarction in the heart which leads to death. Changes in lifestyle are characterized by consuming less fiber-containing foods which have an impact on increasing LDL cholesterol levels in the blood. This study aimed to determine the effect of the application of high fiber consumption patterns on the reduction of cholesterol levels. Method: Literature review from the Google Scholar database, Pubmed published from 2010 to 2020, and manually select articles that are relevant to the research statement and use the keywords high fiber consumption patterns and hypercholesterolemia. Results: From the results of the literature review conducted, it was found that there were 10 related articles that met the criteria. Results: The results of the search are obtained by consuming a high-fiber diet (avocado, guava and dragon fruit, carrots and tomatoes, etc.) which produce nutrients and antioxidants such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, lycopene, PUFA, MUFA, niacin, fiber, vitamin C and phytosterols which can help lower LDL cholesterol levels and increase HDL. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the pattern of consumption of high-fiber foods to decrease cholesterol levels. With a high-fiber consumption pattern, it can bind bile acids and then excreted together with feces, this acid can reduce LDL cholesterol levels.
Clinicopathological Profile of Invasive Breast Cancer with Distant Metastases in Anatomical Pathology Department FKUI/RSCM 2019
Authors: Kurnianingrum Laurencia Leny , Tjahjadi Hartono
Published: April 2022

BackgroundInvasive breast carcinoma (IBC) is the highest incidence and is the leading cause of malignancy-related death in women in theworld. Bones are the most common sites of IBC metastases. This study aims to provide clinical and histological characteristic datain cases of distant metastastic IBC in the Anatomical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. CiptoMangunkusumo General Hospital (PA-FKUI/RSCM).MethodsThis is descriptive research with cross-sectional design, using secondary data from the archives of PA-FKUI/RSCM, starting fromJanuary 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019.ResultsDistant metastases of IBC was found 65.2% as bone metastases, 46.1% as pulmonary metastases, 26.1% as liver metastases, and8.7% as brain metastases. The largest age group was 40-59 years, median age was 49 years with range 27-78 years. The mostcommon of the classification of primary tumor size was 54.8% T4, and 87% unilateral cases. Most histologic subtypes were 90.4%cases no special type, then lobular and mucinous subtypes. Lymphovascular invasion was 24.3% cases. The most commonmolecular subtype was luminal B Luminal and mostly as bone metastases and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in lungmetastases. The greatest histological grade was grade 2.ConclusionBone was the most common IBC metastatic. The most common of the classification of primary tumor size was T4 and histologicsubtype was no special. Luminal B was the most common molecular subtypes and the highest was bone metastases.
The Association of VEGF Expression with Degree of Differentiation and Lymphovascular Invasion in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liana Nana , Hilbertina Noza , Devianti Loli , Yetti Husna
Published: April 2022

BackgroundColorectal carcinoma is the third most common malignancy in the world. Colorectal carcinoma is a heterogeneous tumor withdifferent clinical pathologic features and prognostic values. For the same tumor-stage, patients could have difference prognosis andit has been suggested that the angiogenesis might be correlated with the prognosis, especially expression of vascular endothelialgrowth factor (VEGF) as the main pro-angiogenic factor. High VEGF expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma is associated withincreased blood vessels in invasive tumor area, cell proliferation and metastases. However, relation VEGF expression with thedegree of differentiation and lymphovascular invasion is not known.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study with cross sectional approach. Samples were obtained from 39 paraffin blocks withdiagnosis adenocarcinoma not otherwise specific (NOS) in four Anatomical Pathology Laboratory in West Sumatera 2018 andevaluated for degree of differentiation and lymphovascular invasion. VEGF expressions in tumor cell were analyzed usingimmunohistochemistry staining. Bivariate statistical analysis used Fisher's Exact test and value p<0.05 was considered significant.ResultsColorectal adenocarcinoma with high grade differentiation entirely had high VEGF expression (100%), while low gradedifferantiation with high VEGF expression was 60.7%. Lymphovascular invasion positive was mostly found with high VEGFexpression (80.6%). Statistical analysis showed significant association between VEGF expression with degree of differentiation(p=0.017) and lymphovascular invasion (p=0.028).ConclusionThe conclusion was VEGF expression had significant association with degree of differentiation and lymphovascular invasion ofcolorectal adenocarcinoma.
Major Impact of Classroom Environment in Students’ Learning
Authors: Khatimah Husnul
Published: April 2022

The cultural environment provides a pattern of living conditions in accordance with the life patterns of its citizens. Active learning is an alternative that is in line with the new paradigm of learning processes that stimulate, challenge and encourage and motivate student creativity. Types of Classroom environment are Assessment-Centered Environments, Face-to-Face Environment, Online Environment, Learner-Centered Environments, Knowledge-Centered Environments, Face-to-face learning environment and Hybrid learning environment. Students will interact with the environment during the learning process. The environment provides a stimulus to the individual and on the other hand the individual responds to the environment. In the process of interaction, behavior changes can occur in individuals. Behavioral changes that occur can be a positive change and can also be negative. The learning environment in the classroom has an influence on improving student learning outcomes. A good classroom learning environment makes students feel comfortable and motivated when carrying out learning activities
Dulamayo Barat Village Community Empowerment in Agroforestry System Development
Authors: Suparwata Dewa Oka , Indranti Merita Ayu , Djibran Moh. Muchlis , Mokoginta Meity , Andrayanto Taufik Jarot
Published: April 2022

Nowadays, land management requires a paradigm recondition towards wise behavior in utilizing natural resources. An alternative that can be consistently applied to support this is the application of agroforestry patterns. The purpose of this service is to provide counseling, training, and assistance to the community in agroforestry development. This activity was carried out in Dulamayo Barat Village, Telaga District, Gorontalo Regency. The method used is focused discussion and group training. The procedural activities are divided into three stages, namely planning (observation and socialization), implementation (counseling, training, and fostering productive activities), and evaluation stages (reviewing the participation of agroforestry developing communities). The results obtained in this service activity are: (a) observation activities describing the existence of forest destruction, monoculture patterns, cultivation without land cover, and low socio-economic aspects; (b) socialization is carried out to the village government to establish cooperation and request support in community empowerment; (c) extension is carried out by providing material on the prospects for agroforestry development; (d) the training content provides reinforcement for the community to choose a combination pattern of agroforestry and top grafting; and (e) the evaluation phase shows that 60% of the community participated in planning-implementation, and 47% participated in the evaluation of the agroforestry program.
Doradca podatkowy w państwach UE i OECD – przegląd
wybranych zagadnień
Authors: Chowaniec Jakub Andrzej
Published: April 2022

Niniejszy artykuł zawiera przegląd najistotniejszych rozwiązań w zakresie regulacji doradztwa podatkowego oraz
zawodu doradcy podatkowego w wybranych państwach członkowskich Unii Europejskiej (UE) i Organizacji Współpracy
Gospodarczej i Rozwoju (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development – OECD). Spośród
państw członkowskich UE tylko 11 z nich zdecydowało się na formalne uregulowanie zawodu doradcy podatkowego,
niemniej w większości pozostałych ta profesja również jest wykonywana, aczkolwiek w nieco innych ramach
prawnych. Wyodrębnić można do pięciu zasadniczych modeli funkcjonowania doradztwa podatkowego, chociaż
granica między nimi jest płynna, a większość państw wprowadziła sporo rozwiązań własnych, charakterystycznych
wyłącznie dla danej jurysdykcji. Zauważalną tendencją jest jednak wyodrębnianie się zawodu doradcy podatkowego
oraz postępująca specjalizacja.
Tajemnica zawodowa doradcy podatkowego jako
fundament zawodu zaufania publicznego
Authors: Dmowski Andrzej
Published: April 2022

W artykule autor prezentuje pojęcie i zakres tajemnicy zawodowej doradcy podatkowego jako podstawowej gwarancji
procesowej oraz prawa i obowiązku materialnoprawnego związanych z wykonywaniem zawodu zaufania publicznego.
Doradca podatkowy jest obowiązany zachować w tajemnicy fakty i informacje, z którymi zapoznał się w związku z
wykonywaniem zawodu. Ten obowiązek i uprawnienie nie ma jednak charakteru bezwzględnego. Jedynie sąd w postępowaniu
karnym jest uprawniony do wydania postanowienia o zwolnieniu doradcy podatkowego z obowiązku zachowania
tajemnicy zawodowej w ściśle określonym zakresie. Doradca podatkowy może zostać przesłuchany co do faktów
objętych tajemnicą zawodową, jeżeli zostaną spełnione dwa warunki łącznie, tj. przesłuchanie jest niezbędne dla dobra
wymiaru sprawiedliwości, a okoliczność, co do której doradca ma być przesłuchany, nie może być ustalona na podstawie
innego dowodu. W konsekwencji organy ścigania, w tym organy prokuratury, nie są władne do samodzielnego
podjęcia decyzji o zdjęciu z doradcy podatkowego obowiązku zachowania tajemnicy zawodowej.
Zakres tajemnicy zawodowej doradcy podatkowego obejmuje w szczególności księgi rachunkowe oraz księgi podatkowe
(rejestry podatkowe) prowadzone na rzecz klientów w zakresie świadczenia usług doradztwa podatkowego.
Tajemnica zawodowa dotyczy również dokumentów zewnętrznych obcych oraz dokumentów wewnętrznych własnych
klientów, przekazanych do doradcy podatkowego. Zakaz ujawniania informacji przez doradcę podatkowego rozciąga
się także na wszelkie umowy klienta z kontrahentami dostarczone do doradcy podatkowego w związku ze świadczeniem
usług doradztwa podatkowego (w tym protokoły zdawczo-odbiorcze dokumentujące wykonanie usług,
potwierdzenia dostawy lub odbioru towaru, listy przewozowe). Obowiązek zachowania tajemnicy zawodowej przez
doradcę podatkowego obejmuje ponadto wszelkie wyrażone stanowiska (pisemne lub ustne) dotyczące istniejącego
lub potencjalnego ryzyka podatkowego u klienta oraz zaleceń doradcy podatkowego. Ostatnią kategorią informacji
podlegających ochronie są informacje pozyskane w trakcie bezpośrednich spotkań doradcy podatkowego z klientem
oraz informacje co do faktów, które pojawiły się w związku ze świadczeniem usług doradztwa podatkowego (np. fakt
uczestniczenia w spotkaniu, fakt istnienia lub nieistnienia jakiegoś towaru, fakt istnienia jakiegoś dokumentu).
An Integrated Critical Information Delivery Platform for Smart Segment Dissemination to Road Users
Authors: Li Lingxi , Chen Yaobin , Tian Renren , Li Feng , Li Howell , Sturdevant James R.
Published: April 2022

An integrated critical information delivery platform for smart segment dissemination to road users was developed. A statewide baseline milepost geodatabase was created at 0.1-mile resolution with tools, protocols, and interfaces that allow other data sources to be efficiently utilized. A variety of data sources (e.g., INRIX, CARS, Doppler, camera images, connected vehicle data, automated vehicle location) were integrated into existing and new dashboards for stakeholders to monitor roadway conditions and after-action reviews. Additionally, based on these data sources, algorithms were developed and an API was created to identify hazardous road conditions when the location of the end-user mobile device was given. Message delivery schemes were successfully implemented to issue alerts to drivers, which were integrated with two in-vehicle smartphone applications. The performance of the integrated platform was evaluated using both the driving simulator and a number of simulated and on-road tests. The results demonstrated the system was able to disseminate data in real-time using the developed platform.
Antibiotic Resistance among Escherichia coli Isolates, Antimicrobial Peptides and Cell Membrane Disruption to the Control of E. coli Infections
Authors: Kadkhodaei Sara , Poostizadeh Gelareh
Published: April 2022

The treatment of Escherichia coli infections has been seriously complicated due to the appearance of multidrug-resistant isolates and the rapid distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing species. In recent years there has been considerable effort to develop alternative therapies to traditional antibiotics for infection diseases caused by antimicrobial agents. The mechanisms by which antimicrobial compounds induce bacterial damage have been suggested to be interaction with membranes, formation of pores lined by both lipids and peptides, or by a more general “Anionic lipid clustering,” and other specific mechanisms. The major constituents of the lipid bilayer on the outer membrane of E. coli as a Gram-negative bacteria are lipopolysaccharide, zwitterionic core oligosaccharides, saturated fatty acid chains with zwitterionic phospholipid head groups, and lipid A functionalized with anionic phosphate groups. Research findings emphasize the importance of the membrane composition of E. coli in determining the susceptibility to certain antimicrobial agents, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and successful treatment.
Thermal Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of Organo-Clay-Wood Fiber in Cement-Based Mortar
Authors: Aloulou Fadhel , Sammouda Habib
Published: April 2022

This paper orientated to study the compressive resistance and thermal conductivity of compressed and stabilized clay blocks in the cement matrix. The effect of the content of wood fiber (WF) became studied as a reinforcement material in cement mortars. The porosity, compressive energy, thermal conductivity and composite of cement hydration had been investigated. The addition of NFC suggests a very good pore reduction, and the fine result becomes acquired with the emulsion of a combination incorporating 2%wt of WF inside the presence of an anionic surfactant (SDBS). The results revealed that used in this study were a mix of water with ordinary portland cement and organo-clay (OC) modified with Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide at water-to-solid ratios 1%. The effect depending on w/s ratio of OC used samples with cement substitution for organoclay showed from 2% higher compressive strength results than that of the plain cement paste and a decrease of the thermal conductivity by addition of 2%wt of WF from 2.26 to 0.8 W/m °C. It was also observed that with increasing w/s ratio higher amount of cement can be replaced by OC. These analyses have revealed that the presence of WF promoted the hydration, by producing more portlandite and calcium silicate gel.
Breast Elastography
Authors: Amy Dominique
Published: April 2022

Breast elastography has become a key complementary technique. A modality in the framework of breast pathology, complementary of B-mode imaging and colour doppler analysis. Breast ultrasound has provided morphological grayscale images and functional flow analysis of the soft breast tissues. Elastography now brings new physio-pathological information through the assessment of tissue elasticity. There are two different modalities: Real Time Elastography (RTE) and Shear Waves (SWE) ultrafast Imaging. Both techniques require a minimum adhesion to the skill rules for acquisition and interpretation so as to limit the operator dependant dimension and diagnostic errors. Elastography thus becomes perfectly reproducible with good accuracy in the different scores of the RTE or SWE classification. The aim of elastography in cancer screening is to achieve reliable lesion characterisation and better therapy monitoring/management.
Medicinal Mushroom Mycelia: Characteristics, Benefits, and Utility in Soybean Fermentation
Authors: Suruga Kohei , Tomita Tsuyoshi , Kadokura Kazunari
Published: April 2022

The medicinal value of mushrooms is long known, but there is increasing awareness of their health benefits and interest in utilizing these in diet as food or nutritional supplement. In this chapter, we discuss the characteristics of 20 wild mushrooms and results from our work on their antioxidant activity, ability to promote nerve growth factor (NGF) synthesis and to convert the glycosylated forms of isoflavones to usable aglycon forms in soybeans fermented with their mycelia. Of the 20 mushroom types, we found that Hericium ramosum (H. ramosum) mycelia had higher antioxidant activity and showed greater capability for increasing the levels of aglycons, such as daidzein, glycitein, and genistein when used for fermentation of soybeans. In general, soybeans fermented with mushrooms increased the levels of aglycons compared to non-fermented ones. Taken together, all these results suggest that mushroom mycelia have a huge potential to be used as food and nutritional supplements for the health benefits they offer and present the prospects for utilizing them in soybean fermentation as natural resources for the large-scale production of aglycons.
Impact of Short-Term Management on Portuguese and Spanish Firms’ Performance
Authors: Leal Carmem , Rocha Diogo , Neves Elisabete
Published: April 2022

An effective and efficient working capital management ensures companies a greater ability to survive in an increasingly competitive and challenging business world and therefore plays a key role in the manager’s operational and financial decisions. Thus, the main objective of this chapter is to show empirically the extent to which working capital management influences the measures of business performance evaluation. To achieve the proposed objective, the ROA, ROE, and Tobin’s Q were used as measures of performance. For this study, data from Portuguese and Spanish companies were used, which are listed on Euronext Lisbon and the Madrid Stock Exchange, respectively, resulting in a final sample of 106 companies. The methodology used to test the hypotheses formulated was dynamic panel data methodology (with GMM system) for a period between 2010 and 2016. The results obtained in this research show, in a general way, that there are significant differences in the determinants of performance depending on the samples used, whether they are the Spanish Sample or the Portuguese Sample.
Remote Nondestructive Thermal Control of Elastic Abrasive Cutting
Authors: Stoynova Anna , Aleksandrova Irina , Aleksandrov Anatoliy
Published: April 2022

High temperatures during abrasive cutting lead to increased harmful gas emissions released into the environment, intensified cut-off wheel wear, microstructural changes in the machined material, and occurrence of thermal flaws. Temperature measurement in abrasive cutting is difficult due to the small size of the heated area (only tenths of mm2), high temperatures (above 1000°C), continuous change of the conditions within one cut-off cycle, large temperature gradient (more than 200°C), high cutting speed (above 50 m/s) and high mechanical load. The infrared thermography (IRT) application for thermal control of elastic abrasive cutting have been studied. The performed thermal measurements have been verified with the results obtained from the temperature models of workpiece, cut-off wheel, and cut piece depending on the conditions in elastic abrasive cutting of two structural steels C45 and 42Cr4. The parameters of effective abrasive cutting have been determined by applying multi-objective optimization.
Quality Control of Metal Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Sheng Bojie , Kanfoud Jamil , Gan Tat-Hean
Published: April 2022

Metal Additive Manufacturing (AM) is an emerging technology for rapid prototype manufacturing, and the structural integrity of printed structures is extremely important and should meet the specifications and high standards of the above industries. In several metal AM techniques, residual stresses and micro-cracks that occur during the manufacturing procedure can result in irreversible damage and structural failure of the object after its manufacturing. Thus effective quality control of AM is highly required. Most Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques (X-Ray, Computed Tomography, Thermography) are ineffective in detecting residual stresses. Bulk, cost, and resolution are limitations of such technologies. These methods are time consuming both for data acquisition and data analysis and have not yet been successfully integrated into AM technology. However two sets of NDT techniques: Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers (EMAT) and Eddy Current (EC) Testing, can be applied for residual stress detection for AM techniques. Therefore a crucial and novel extension system incorporation of big data collection from sensors of the both techniques and analysis through machine learning (ML) can estimate the likelihood of the AM techniques to introduce anomalies into the printed structures, which can be used as an on-line monitoring and detection system to control the quality of AM.
The Role of Ketamine in Trauma
Authors: Octavian Botea Mihai , Bimbo-Szuhai Erika
Published: April 2022

Early and effective pain control in trauma patients improves outcomes and limits disability, but analgesia is often missed in the unstable patient, or hemodynamically depressing medications are avoided for fear of losing stability. This chapter outlines the role of ketamine in managing traumatic emergencies in both out-of-hospital and hospital environment, and beyond. Low-dose ketamine also called a sub-dissociative dose is safe, efficient and effective analgesic that can be considered for trauma patients, pediatric or adults, as an alternative to opioids or in combination with opioids for on additive or synergistic effect, with minimal impact on hemodynamic stability. Ketamine at higher doses is also an excellent drug for induction of anesthesia in rapid sequence induction (RSI), post-intubation sedation maintenance or procedural sedation in the trauma patient. Also, can be used for acute agitation and excited delirium. In this chapter, we are describing this drug focusing on a deeper understanding of the safety and efficacy of this agent and, if supported, to encourage physicians to consider ketamine for pain control in trauma and beyond. Also, we are presenting the current literature surrounding ketamine’s evidences in the trauma condition to establish its utility and profile of safety for these patients.
Structure- and Design-Based Difficulties in Recombinant Protein Purification in Bacterial Expression
Authors: Acikalin Coskun Kubra , Yurekli Nazlıcan , Cansu Abay Elif , Tutar Merve , Al Mervenur , Tutar Yusuf
Published: April 2022

Protein purification is not a simple task. Yet, overexpression at bacterial systems with recombinant modifications brings further difficulties. Adding a tag, an affinity label, and expressing particular domains of the whole protein, especially hydrophobic sections, make purification a challenging process. Protein folding pattern may perturb N- or C-terminal tag and this terminal preference may lead to poor purification yield. Codon optimization, solvent content and type, ionic conditions, resin types, and self-cleavage of recombinant proteins bring further difficulties to protein expression and purification steps. The chapter overviews problems of protein purification through a small peptide overexpression in bacteria (Recombinant anti-SARS Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) Spike protein Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) antibody (Clone Sb#14). The chapter also covers troubleshooting at distinct steps and highlights essential points to solve crucial issues of protein purification.
Relationship Between Antenatal Maternal Anxiety and Feeding Behavior and Physiological Parameters of Neonates in Cesarean Section Mothers: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dejbakht Majid , Khooshab Elham , Zeidabadi Afsaneh , Akbarzadeh Marzieh
Published: April 2022

Background: Anxiety is one of the most common psychological disorders in pregnancy. It seems that a pregnant mother’s anxiety has adverse effects on physical growth, motor development, and breastfeeding behavior in her baby. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between feeding behavior and physiological parameters of neonates with antenatal maternal anxiety in cesarean section mothers. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, with a multiple regression analysis method for each variable, 10 samples were selected based on consumptive sampling, and total 101 people were selected. Data were collected using Spielberger’s questionnaire for mothers’ anxiety before delivery, and Standard Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool for nutritional behavior, and physiological parameters of newborns was completed within 48 hours after delivery. Independent and dependent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient tests were used to analyze the data using SPSS software version 16. Results: The mean total anxiety (state and trait) was 90.02 ± 18. 09. Pearson correlation test showed that there was no significant relationship between the two anxiety variables with the mean nutritional behavior of the neonates and the anxiety with the physiological parameters of the newborn. Conclusions: There was no significant relationship between anxiety and physiological parameters and nutritional behavior of infants. Further studies with a larger sample size are recommended in the area of psychosocial support around delivery and the effect of mothers’ anxiety on the infants’ nutritional behaviors and physiological parameters.
Evaluation of Conducting Phone Interviews on Sexual Behavior: An Iranian Population-Based Study
Authors: Mousavi Masoumeh Sadat , Fararouei Mohammad , Afsar-Kazerooni Parvin , Nasirian Maryam , Ghaem Haleh
Published: April 2022

Background: Phone interview is a safe way for collecting sensitive data due to no need for direct contact with the interviewees and their privacy. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and validity of phone interviewing using mobile phones to collect sensitive information related to the participants’ sexual behavior. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the sexually active population of Marvdasht, Iran, from 2017 - 2018. Results: A total of 5,894 individuals (2,991 from urban and 2,903 from rural areas) from both genders (n = 3,202 males vs. n = 2,692 females) with an age range of 18 - 50 years were included in this study. The participation rate was convincing (92.18%), and the response rate to all questions was also very high (99.1%). According to the results, gender and place of residency had statistically significant associations with the rates of participation and response. Conclusions: The results suggested that a phone interview is a potentially useful method for gathering sensitive information in Iranian population, a community with a religious background.
Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys
Authors: Nolasco Samuel Garduño , Valdez-Mondragón Alejandro
Published: April 2022

Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 are described from Mexico. Two species are described based on male and female adult specimens: Physocyclus mariachi sp. nov. and P. sikuapu sp. nov. Two species are described only with female adult specimens: P. lyncis sp. nov. and P. pocamadre sp. nov. The biogeographical province with the highest diversity of species is the Balsas Depression, located in the Mexican Neotropic, with 12 species. Physocyclus lyncis sp. nov. belongs to the dugesi species group, whereas the other three new species belong to the globosus species group. The total number of species of Physocyclus is increased to 37, distributed in North America (mainly Mexico) and Central America, with one cosmopolitan species: P. globosus. Updated taxonomic identification keys for males and females are provided.
Most Frequently Cited Accreditation Inspection Deficiencies for Clinical Molecular Oncology Testing Laboratories and Opportunities for Improvement
Authors: Sidiropoulos Nikoletta , Daley Sarah K. , Briggs Marian , Fernandes Helen , Lockwood Christina M. , Mahmoud Amer Z. , Merker Jason D. , Vasalos Patricia , Wielgos Lynnette M. , Moncur Joel T. , Farkas Daniel H.
Published: April 2022

Context.—

The College of American Pathologists (CAP), a laboratory accreditation organization with deemed status under the Clinical Laboratories Improvement Amendments of 1988 administers accreditation checklists. Checklists are used by laboratories to ensure regulatory compliance. Peer-level laboratory professionals audit laboratory records during inspections to assess compliance.

Objective.—

To identify the most frequently cited deficiencies for molecular oncology laboratories undergoing CAP accreditation inspections and describe laboratory improvement opportunities.

Design.—

The CAP Molecular Oncology Committee (MOC), which is involved in maintaining the Molecular Pathology checklist, reviewed data and inspector comments associated with the most frequently observed citations related to molecular oncology testing from laboratories inspected by the CAP during a 2-year period (2018–2020).

Results.—

Of 422 molecular oncology laboratories that underwent accreditation inspections, 159 (37.7%) were not cited for any molecular oncology–related deficiencies. For the All Common (COM) and Molecular Pathology checklists, there were 364 and 305 deficiencies, corresponding to compliance rates of 98.8% and 99.6%, respectively. The most frequently cited deficiencies are described. The COM checklist deficiencies were associated most often with the analytic testing phase; the MOL checklist deficiencies were more evenly distributed across the preanalytic, analytic, and postanalytic phases of testing.

Conclusions.—

Molecular oncology laboratories demonstrated excellent compliance with practices that support high-quality results for patients and the health care providers who use those test results in patient management. This review includes a critical assessment of opportunities for laboratories to improve compliance and molecular oncology testing quality.
Relationship between the actors and the environment: an analysis of positive and negative feelings about an entrepreneurial ecosystem
Authors: Fialho Camila Borges , Costa Vânia Medianeira Flores , Nunes Andrieli de Fatima Paz , Castro Beatriz Leite Gustmann de , Rodrigues Maria Carolina Martins
Published: April 2022

Objective of the study – To analyse the positive and negative feelings regarding the domains of an entrepreneurial ecosystem.
 
Design/methodology/approach – The present work is characterized as exploratory and descriptive in relation to the procedures as field research, and the approach is qualitative.
 
Findings – Most of the feelings regarding the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the study are negative (30 feelings). However, there are positive perceptions (14 feelings) about the arrangement.  This can be seen through the importance of the people, actors and entrepreneurs in the ecosystem, as they act as agents in transforming actions. Concerning the negative aspects, the Public Policy and Culture domains also contain several indicators, mainly for the search for incentives and policies to disseminate entrepreneurship in the ecosystem.
 
Practical & Social implications of the Study – This work sought to collaborate with studies in the field of entrepreneurship, specifically, in the domains of the ecosystem. Its strength lies in its theoretical and practical relevance, guiding entrepreneurs towards other specific aspects of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.
 
Originality – The study is original due to the environment in which it was conducted, unlike other studies on this theme, and the local arrangement had not yet been considered. Furthermore, regarding similar studies conducted in Brazil, few studies were found approaching this theme of the entrepreneurial ecosystem (Capes, 2020), which indicates the possibility of exploring this theme.
Naturalising Kant
Authors: Kitcher Philip
Published: April 2022

The third formulation of the Categorical Imperative rarely receives the attention devoted to its predecessors. This paper aims to develop a naturalistic approach to morality inspired by Kant’s conception of moral agents as legislating in a Kingdom of Ends. Positions derived from the third formulation, John Rawls’s Kantian Constructivism and T. M. Scanlon’s Contractualism, cleave closely to Kant in idealising the process of legislation. For Rawls, the citizens of the Kantian Reich can be reduced to one, a representative of all, who deliberates behind the veil of ignorance using minimax reasoning. Scanlon includes other lawmakers, but any potential diversity among them is overridden by trans­historical canons of reason. By contrast, I view morality as developing historically through the interactions among people with different views and conflicting aims. The task of moral theory is to construct an appropriate methodology to govern their deliberations. My naturalised Kant takes the first steps. Morality arises from the recognition of problematic situations, identified first by listening to the complaints of actual people, by judging whether they are warranted, and by seeking to amend them when the warrant is confirmed. Societies (and individuals) make moral progress when they deliberate (or simulate deliberations) in accordance with three norms. All those potentially affected should be included; the best available information should be used; and participants should aim for an outcome all can accept. How far is naturalised Kant from the great philosopher? I leave the answer to the scholars.
Review of the 13th International Kant Congress
Authors: Katrechko Sergey L.
Published: April 2022

The 13th International Kant Congress was held on August 6-9, 2019 in Oslo, Norway. The main tasks of this review are to analyse the central theme of the Congress, “The Court of Reason”, the related spheres of philosophical inquiry such as metaphilosophy and philosophical methodology, as well as to reveal the main approaches and development trends of transcendental philosophy in “theoretical” and “practical” fields and modern Kant studies, notably transcendental philosophy of language and consciousness. The solution of these tasks will make it possible to raise the question of the prospects of Kantian transcendentalism in relation to the pressing problems of our time (especially political philosophy and the philosophy of law) and to chart the paths of such development.