bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decentralized Certificate Management for Network Function Virtualisation (NFV) Implementation in Telecommunication Networks
Authors: Yan Junzhi , Li Na , Yang Bo , Li Min , Su Li , He Shen
Published: October 2021

The certificate management complexity and cost increase when PKI technology is leveraged into Network Function Virtualisation (NFV), a significant enabling technology for 5G networks. The expected security of PKI cannot be met due to the unavailability of the certificate revocation inquiry in the telecommunication operator’s core network. This paper analyses the issues and challenges during the NFV implementation and proposes a blockchain‐based decentralized NFV certificate management mechanism. During instantiation, the Virtual Network Functions (VNF) instance generates certificates according to the certificate profile provided in the VNF package. The certificate management unit is responsible for the certificate enrolment, renewal, and revocation. The certificates submitted to the decentralized certificate management system by the instance will be recorded into the ledger after validation and consensus. The experiment and analysis show the transaction throughput, and the transaction delay is noncritical in practice, which could be fulfilled by the proposed mechanism. The certificate inquiry performance is critical, which can be facilitated by the decentralized deployment of inquiry nodes.
Understanding the Impact of Transformational Leadership on Project Success: A Meta‐Analysis Perspective
Authors: Zhao Na , Fan Dongjiao , Chen Yun
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to systematically analyze the reasons for the differences in the relationship between transformational leadership (TL) and project success and apply meta‐analysis to summarize which dimensions of TL are the main driving forces for project success. Adopting the meta‐analysis approach, we investigated 31 independent studies (N = 6475) and studied the theoretical moderators of this relationship from the perspectives of mediating variables, cultural background, and document type to test whether the moderating effects can explain the inconsistent research results. The results reveal that TL positively affects project success and leadership charm is the primary driver of TL. Also, the existence of a mediating mechanism has a more significant impact on the success of the leading project. Meanwhile, compared with project construction under the Western cultural background, countries with Eastern culture are more inclined to use a people‐oriented philosophy for project management to promote project success. This research provides an empirical perspective to help project leaders select management talents, regulate leaders’ words and deeds, and cultivate technical and soft leadership skills. Besides, this paper proposes a unique and nuanced view of the relationship between TL and project success, enhancing people’s understanding of the TL’s role in influencing project success.
Sports Enterprise Marketing and Financial Risk Management Based on Decision Tree and Data Mining
Authors: Zhao Yan
Published: October 2021

With the development of modern economy, traditional sports industry enterprises have also been further developed in the financial business. How to ensure information security and financial risk management is the problem faced by sports companies. Risk assessment is the use of mathematical models to calculate the risk factors established in the previous step to predict possible risks. In response to the above problems, we developed a sports enterprise marketing and financial risk management model based on decision trees and data mining. First, we have established a relevant evaluation index system and data samples through in-depth understanding of the actual marketing and financial problems of sports companies. Second, we use the decision tree algorithm to mine and explore related data samples and conduct risk assessment through related indicators. By using the model to calculate the probability of occurrence of the risk, analyze the degree of damage. Finally, the algorithm of this paper is analyzed and discussed through simulation experiments.
Mechanisms of Hydroxyurea‐Induced Cellular Senescence: An Oxidative Stress Connection?
Authors: Kapor Sunčica , Čokić Vladan , Santibanez Juan F.
Published: October 2021

Hydroxyurea (HU) is a water‐soluble antiproliferative agent used for decades in neoplastic and nonneoplastic conditions. HU is considered an essential medicine because of its cytoreduction functions. HU is an antimetabolite that inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, which causes a depletion of the deoxyribonucleotide pool and dramatically reduces cell proliferation. The proliferation arrest, depending on drug concentration and exposure, may promote a cellular senescence phenotype associated with cancer cell therapy resistance and inflammation, influencing neighboring cell functions, immunosuppression, and potential cancer relapse. HU can induce cellular senescence in both healthy and transformed cells in vitro, in part, because of increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we analyze the main molecular mechanisms involved in cytotoxic/genotoxic HU function, the potential to increase intracellular ROS levels, and the principal features of cellular senescence induction. Understanding the mechanisms involved in HU’s ability to induce cellular senescence may help to improve current chemotherapy strategies and control undesirable treatment effects in cancer patients and other diseases.
Antioxidant, Anti‐Inflammatory, and Antidiabetic Activities of Bioactive Compounds from the Fruits of Livistona chinensis Based on Network Pharmacology Prediction
Authors: Wang Yuwei , Zhai Jianxiu , Yang Dan , Han Na , Liu Zhe , Liu Zhihui , Li Sikai , Yin Jun
Published: October 2021

In this study, a chemical investigation on the fruits of Livistona chinensis (FLC) led to the isolation and identification of 45 polyphenols and 5 alkaloids, including two new compounds (Livischinol (1) and Livischinine A (46)), an undescribed compound (47) and 47 known compounds. FLC was predicted with novel potential antidiabetic function by collecting and analyzing the potential targets of the ingredients. Compound 32 exhibited significant α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 5.71 μM) and 1, 6, and 44 showed the PTP1B inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 9.41‐22.19 μM, while that of oleanolic acid was 28.58 μM. The competitive inhibitors of PTP1B (compounds 1 and 44) formed strong binding affinity, with catalytic active sites, proved by kinetic analysis, fluorescence spectra measurements, and computational simulations, and stimulated glucose uptake in the insulin‐resistant HepG2 cells at the dose of 50 μM. In addition, FLC was rich in antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory bioactive compounds so that they could be developed as nutraceuticals against diabetes.
FAM87A as a Competing Endogenous RNA of miR-424-5p Suppresses Glioma Progression by Regulating PPM1H
Authors: Xu Hua , Zhang Haiping , Tan Lina , Yang Yang , Wang Haiyun , Zhao Qin , Lu Jun
Published: October 2021

Far less has been unveiled about the functions of lncRNAs on cancers yet. Here, we reported that lncRNA FAM87A, as a ceRNA of miR-424-5p, played a vital role in glioma development. qRT-PCR result indicated that FAM87A was abnormally downregulated in glioma tissue and cells. Survival analysis suggested that the FAM87A expression was negatively correlated with the survival rate. Effects of FAM87A on human glioma cell lines were also analyzed by MTT, Edu, and transwell assays. FAM87A hastened proliferation and migration of glioma cells. MiR-424-5p, predicted target of FAM87A, was fostered in glioma, which was examined by qRT-PCR. A negative correlation was indicated between FAM87A and miR-424-5p. Results of bioinformatics, dual luciferase, and RIP assays unveiled that FAM87A and miR-424-5p act upon each other. In addition, miR-424-5p targeted 3

′

-UTR of PPM1H. Also, effects of miR-424-5p/FAM87A on glioma cells were identified via the cell function experiments. FAM87A suppressed PPM1H by binding to miR-424-5p competitively, thereby restraining cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Collectively, these findings illuminated a new mechanism for glioma progression. Therefore, FAM87A may act as a feasible target for glioma treatment.
LightSEEN: Real-Time Unknown Traffic Discovery via Lightweight Siamese Networks
Authors: Li Ji , Gu Chunxiang , Wei Fushan , Zhang Xieli , Hu Xinyi , Guo Jiaxing , Liu Wenfen
Published: October 2021

With the increase in the proportion of encrypted network traffic, encrypted traffic identification (ETI) is becoming a critical research topic for network management and security. At present, ETI under closed world assumption has been adequately studied. However, when the models are applied to the realistic environment, they will face unknown traffic identification challenges and model efficiency requirements. Considering these problems, in this paper, we propose a lightweight unknown traffic discovery model LightSEEN for open-world traffic classification and model update under practical conditions. The overall structure of LightSEEN is based on the Siamese network, which takes three simplified packet feature vectors as input on one side, uses the multihead attention mechanism to parallelly capture the interactions among packets, and adopts techniques including 1D-CNN and ResNet to promote the extraction of deep-level flow features and the convergence speed of the network. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model are evaluated on two public data sets. The results show that the effectiveness of LightSEEN is overall at the same level as the state-of-the-art method and LightSEEN has even better true detection rate, but the parameter used in LightSEEN is

0.51
%

of the baseline and its average training time is

37.9
%

of the baseline.
[Retracted] Detecting Distance between Surfaces of Large Transparent Material Based on Low‐Cost TOF Sensor and Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Zou Rong , Zhang Yu , Gu Junlan , Chen Jin
Published: October 2021

Detecting distance between surfaces of transparent materials with large area and thickness has always been a difficult problem in the field of industry. In this paper, a method based on low‐cost TOF continuous‐wave modulation and deep convolutional neural network technology is proposed. The distance detection between transparent material surfaces is converted to the problem of solving the intersection of the optical path and the transparent material’s front and rear surfaces. On this basis, the Gray code encoding and decoding operations are combined to achieve distance detection between surfaces. The problem of holes and detail loss of depth maps generated by low‐resolution TOF depth sensors have been also effectively solved. The entire system is simple and can achieve thickness detection on the full surface area. Besides, it can detect large transparent materials with a thickness of over 30 mm, which far exceeds the existing optical thickness detection system for transparent materials.
Subway Obstacle Perception and Identification Method Based on Cloud Edge Collaboration
Authors: Feng Li , Yan Ronghui , Liu Guangping , Shao Chen
Published: October 2021

The traditional analysis method of train obstacle uses isomorphic sensors to obtain the state information and completes detection and identification analysis at the remote end of a network. A single data sample and more processing links will reduce the accuracy and speed analysis for subway encountering obstacles. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a subway obstacle perception and identification method based on cloud edge cooperation. The subway monitoring cloud platform realizes the training and construction of a detection model, and the network edge side completes the situation awareness of track state and real‐time action when the train encounters obstacles. Firstly, the railroad track position is detected by cameras, and subway running track is identified by Mask RCNN algorithm to determine the detection area of obstacles in the process of subway train running. At the edge of network, the feature‐level fusion of data collected by sensor cluster is carried out to provide reliable data support for detection work. Then, based on the DeepSort and YOLOv3 network models, the subway obstacle detection model is constructed on the subway monitoring cloud platform. Moreover, a trained model is distributed to the network edge side, so as to realize the fast and efficient perception and action of obstacles. Finally, the simulation verification is implemented based on actual collected datasets. Experimental results show that the proposed method has good detection accuracy and efficiency, which maintains 98.9% and 1.43 s for obstacle detection accuracy and recognition time in complex scenes.
Examination on Security Performance Analysis Model of Internet of Things Assigned Based on Composite Security Key
Authors: Sun Ying , Bai Lei
Published: October 2021

Rapid development of Internet of Things technology makes the Internet interact and communicate with objects in the real world. The diversity of Internet of Things’ system architectures and the diversity of networks determine the complexity of their security issues. A key step in building an Internet of Things’ security system is to build a model and evaluate threats of security. First, this paper studies the distribution of key security about mobile ad hoc networks and analyzed the characteristics of the scene. To promote the certification of the key exchange strategy of both sides, it supports key exchange between the core node and multiple nodes for existing problems that management scheme of random key preallocation is limited by the storage space of the node through combination of key matrix elements which has less information to generate a large number of keys, and each sensor node only needs to store related parameters and key matrix. It saves the memory space of node greatly. The results of simulation show that the program has a strong security; it can fight against the common attacks of wireless sensor networks, such as node forgery attacks, message replay attacks, and denial of service attacks. At the same time, it is superior to traditional solutions in terms of network connectivity and nondestructibility, which can apply clustered wireless sensor network massively.
Increased Expression of Integrin Alpha 6 in Nucleus Pulposus Cells in Response to High Oxygen Tension Protects against Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Authors: Xu Zeng , Zheng Jiancheng , Zhang Ying , Wu Huiqiao , Sun Bin , Zhang Ke , Wang Jianxi , Zang Fazhi , Zhang Xingkai , Guo Lei , Wu Xiaodong
Published: October 2021

The destruction of the low oxygen microenvironment in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells played a critical role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). The purpose of this study was to determine the potential role of integrin alpha 6 (ITG α6) in NP cells in response to high oxygen tension (HOT) in IVDD. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis showed that the levels of ITG α6 expression were increased in the NP tissue from IVDD patients and the IVDD rat model with mild degeneration, which were reduced as the degree of degeneration increases in severity. In NP cells, the treatment of HOT resulted in upregulation of ITG α6 expression, which could be alleviated by blocking the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Further studies found that ITG α6 could protect NP cells against HOT‐induced apoptosis and oxidative stress and protect NP cells from HOT‐inhibited ECM protein synthesis. Upregulation of ITG α6 expression by HOT contributed to maintaining NP tissue homeostasis through the interaction with hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α). Furthermore, silencing of ITG α6 in vivo could obviously accelerate puncture‐induced IVDD. Taken together, these results revealed that the increase of ITG α6 expression by HOT in NP cells might be a protective factor in IVD degeneration as well as restore NP cell function.
Analysis of Prognostic Factors and Treatment Modes of Patients with Recurrent Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Li Yi , Yang Dong , Yang Shuangjian
Published: October 2021

Objective. Recurrence of endometrial cancer after initial treatment can be complex and difficult to treat. The current main treatment modalities for patients with recurrent endometrial cancer (REC) include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, which vary according to the individual patient. However, REC is often associated with a poor prognosis, and it is therefore important to investigate the risk factors affecting REC prognosis and to explore appropriate treatment modalities to improve the prognosis and treatment strategies for patients with REC. Methods. Totally, 100 patients with REC admitted to our hospital from January 2013 to January 2018 were chosen to be research objects. Their pathological data were analyzed, including age, disease-free interval (DFI), recurrence site, and treatment plan after relapse (definitive local therapy (DLT) and palliative chemotherapy (PC)). According to these parameters, univariate and multivariate factors affecting the prognosis of REC patients and the curative effect of PC were analyzed, and the 3-year overall survival (OS) curve and progression-free survival (PFS) curve were drawn. Results. After 3 years of follow-up, 30 patients had a poor prognosis and 70 had a good prognosis, according to which a single multifactorial analysis was performed for different prognoses, where the results of the single-factor analysis showed significant differences between patients with different prognoses in terms of pathomorphology, pathological grading, TFI, and treatment modality after relapse. Further multifactorial analysis showed that TFI and treatment modality after recurrence were independent factors affecting poor prognosis in REC patients. The 3-year OS and 3-year PFS of REC patients were 74.00% and 70.00%, respectively. Patients whose DFI was less than 12 months or treated with PC after relapse were notably associated with lower levels of 3-year OS and 3-year PFS. In addition, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, DFI, and chemotherapy plan after primary surgery were independent risk factors that affected the PC efficacy of REC patients. Conclusion. DFI and treatment mode after relapse are independent factors affecting the prognosis of REC patients. DLT can obviously improve the prognosis of REC patients. For patients who can only choose PC, chemoradiotherapy and DFI after primary surgery are helpful to predict the chemotherapy effect, and the combination of paclitaxel and platinum drugs should be the first choice for chemotherapy.
A Multi‐Image Cryptosystem Using Quantum Walks and Chebyshev Map
Authors: Abd-El-Atty Bassem , Iliyasu Abdullah M. , Abd El-Latif Ahmed A.
Published: October 2021

The ubiquity of image and video applications in our daily lives makes data security and privacy prominent concerns for everyone. Among others, various image cryptosystems are relied upon to provide the necessary safeguards. With the inevitable realisation of quantum computing hardware, however, the anticipated quantum supremacy entails effortless violation of the integrity of even the best cryptosystems. Quantum walks (QWs) utilise the potent properties of quantum mechanics to provide randomness via stochastic transitions between states. Our study exploits these properties of QWs to design a multi‐image cryptosystem. Furthermore, we infuse the symmetricity and orthogonality of Chebyshev maps into the QWs to realise a powerful cryptosystem that guarantees data integrity, authentication, and anonymity of the resulting images. These properties are validated via extensive simulation‐based experiments that produce average values of NPCR as 99.606%, UACI as 33.45%, global entropy as 7.9998, and chi‐square test as 238.14. Therefore, the proposed cryptosystem provides ordnance to protect images from illicit tampering during the era.
Size of the Carotid Body in Patients with Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases Measured by Computed Tomography Angiography: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Csizmadia Sándor , Fodor Gergely H. , Palkó András , Vörös Erika
Published: October 2021

Objectives. Carotid bodies (CBs) play an important role in regulating sympathetic nervous system activity. Thus, they are likely to be enlarged in patients with certain cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The aim of this case-control study was to verify this hypothesis using computed tomography angiography (CTA). Methods. We retrospectively analysed 141 CTAs including 16 controls, 96 patients with only hypertension (HT), 12 with HT and previous acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 9 with HT and heart failure (HF), and 8 with HT and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We assessed the data using analysis of variance, with

p
<
0.05

indicating significance. Results. CB average areas in the controls were 2.31 mm2 (right side (RS)) vs. 2.34 mm2 (left side (LS)). CB size was significantly enlarged in patients with HT: 3.07 mm2 (RS) (

p
=
0.019

) vs. 2.91 mm2 (LS) (

p
=
0.002

). If AMI (RS: 3.5 mm2; LS: 3.44 mm2) or HF (RS: 4.01 mm2; LS: 4.55 mm2) was associated with HT, the CB size was even more enlarged. COPD did not affect CB size (RS: 2.40 mm2; LS: 2.29 mm2). Conclusions. Our data showed that certain diseases with increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system were associated with significantly enlarged CBs.
Study on the Effect of Different Doses of Hydromorphone on the Time Response and Postoperative Analgesia of Ropivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Suprailiac Fascia Inguinal Block
Authors: Wang Baiyun , Hu Bingbing , Zhong Huanhui , Zhao Chengda
Published: October 2021

Objective. To investigate the effects of different doses of hydromorphone under the guidance of ultrasound on ropivacaine blocking the superior inguinal iliac fascia and postoperative analgesia. Methods. From January 2020 to June 2021, 90 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-II patients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups, 30 patients in each one. Ultrasound-guided superior inguinal iliac fascia block was performed in the patients of the 3 groups before operation. The L group: 0.3% ropivacaine 30 ml; the H1 group: 0.3% ropivacaine + 25 μg/kg hydromorphone 30 ml; the H2 group: 0.3% ropivacaine + 50 μg/kg hydromorphone 30 ml. The time until the occurrence of pain, pain intensity, sufentanil remedial dose, the number of PCIA presses, and effective times were compared among the 3 groups. The VAS and Ramsay scores of 3 groups were recorded at 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h after operation. Results. The time from the end of surgery to the appearance of pain in the H2 group was higher than that in the H1 group and the L group, and the time in the H1 group was higher than that in the L group (

P
<
0.05

). The VAS score in the H2 group was lower than that in the H1 group and the L group, and the VAS score in the H1 group was lower than that in the L group (

P
<
0.05

). The VAS scores of 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h after operation in the H2 group were lower than those of the H1 group and the L group, and the H1 group was lower than the L group (

P
<
0.05

). The Ramsay scores at 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h after operation in the H2 group and the H1 group were higher than those in the L group (

P
<
0.05

), and the difference was not statistically significant in the H2 group and the H1 group (

P
>
0.05

). The remedial dosage of sufentanil, times of PCIA compression, and effective times in the H2 group were lower than those in the H1 group and the L group, and the level in the H1 group was lower than that in the L group (

P
<
0.05

). The incidence rates of adverse reactions in the L group, the H1 group, and the H2 group were 13.33%, 23.33%, and 30.00%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of adverse reactions among the 3 groups (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. 25 μg/kg and 50 μg/kg hydromorphone used in the ultrasound-guided superior inguinal iliac fascia block can enhance the time effect of ropivacaine and improve analgesic effects, with good safety. In addition, time effect and analgesic effect of 50 μg/kg hydromorphone in enhancing ropivacaine were more obvious.
Damage Index Analysis of Retaining Wall Structures Based on the Impulse Response Function and Virtual Impulse Response Function
Authors: Xu Qian
Published: October 2021

To identify the damage within retaining wall structures, the Hilbert–Huang Transforms of the impulse response function and virtual impulse response function were performed. The Hilbert marginal energy ratio spectrums of the impulse response function and virtual impulse response function were acquired. To reflect damage information effectively, those bands with stronger damage sensitivity were extracted via the threshold value ε0. Then, the Hilbert feature bands, which were more sensitive to damage within retaining walls, were selected by considering the contribution of the residual band to the damage identification. Based on the feature bands, the Hilbert damage feature vector, which reflects the variations of Hilbert marginal energy ratio caused by damage, was created. Based on the damage feature vector, two damage identification indexes (the energy ration standard deviation and Energy Ration Standard Deviation), which were based on the impulse response function and virtual impulse response function, respectively, were proposed to identify damage within retaining walls. To investigate the validity of the damage indexes, vibration tests on a pile plate retaining wall were done. The test results show that the damage feature vector is a zero vector or the value of damage index is zero when the wall is undamaged. The damage feature vector is a nonzero vector or the value of the damage index is more than zero when the wall is damaged. Thus, the damage state of the wall can be detected sensitively via the damage feature vector or damage indexes. Partial damage causes greater fluctuation of trend surface of the damage index. The location of partial damage can be diagnosed validly via the coordinate of peak value in the trend surface. The quantitative relationship formula between the damage index and damage intensity is established. The damage intensity of the wall can be calculated reversely, when the damage index is available. Either the energy ration standard deviation or Energy Ration Standard Deviation can be used to detect the damage state, diagnose the damage location, and identify the damage intensity. In comparison with the energy ration standard deviation, the stability and damage sensitivity of the Energy Ration Standard Deviation is much better.
Exploring Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Development of the Depression‐Like Phenotype in Interleukin‐18‐Deficient Mice
Authors: Yamanishi Kyosuke , Miyauchi Masahiro , Mukai Keiichiro , Hashimoto Takuya , Uwa Noriko , Seino Hitomi , Li Wen , Gamachi Naomi , Hata Masaki , Kuwahara-Otani Sachi , Maeda Seishi , Watanabe Yuko , Yamanishi Hiromichi , Yagi Hideshi , Okamura Haruki , Matsunaga Hisato
Published: October 2021

Interleukin‐18 (IL‐18) is an inflammatory cytokine that has been linked to energy homeostasis and psychiatric symptoms such as depression and cognitive impairment. We previously revealed that deficiency in IL‐18 led to hippocampal abnormalities and resulted in depression‐like symptoms. However, the impact of IL‐18 deficiency on other brain regions remains to be clarified. In this study, we first sought to confirm that IL‐18 expression in neural cells can be found in human brain tissue. Subsequently, we examined the expression of genes in the prefrontal cortex of Il18−/− mice and compared it with gene expression in mice subjected to a chronic mild stress model of depression. Extracted genes were further analyzed using Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis, in which 18 genes common to both the chronic mild stressed model and Il18−/− mice were identified. Of those, 16 were significantly differentially expressed between Il18+/+ and Il18−/− mice. We additionally measured protein expression of α‐2‐HS‐glycoprotein (AHSG) and transthyretin (TTR) in serum and the brain. In the prefrontal cortex of Il18−/− mice, TTR but not AHSG was significantly decreased. Conversely, in the serum of Il18−/− mice, AHSG was significantly increased but not TTR. Therefore, our results suggest that in IL‐18‐deficit conditions, TTR in the brain is one of the mediators causally related to depression, and AHSG in peripheral organs is one of the regulators inducing energy imbalance. Moreover, this study suggests a possible “signpost” to clarify the molecular mechanisms commonly underlying the immune system, energy metabolism, neural function, and depressive disorders.
Application of Restriction Site-Associated DNA Sequencing (RAD-Seq) for Copy Number Variation and Triploidy Detection in Human
Authors: He Jian-Chun , Li Shao-Ying , He Wen-Zhi , Xian Jia-Jia , Ma Xiao-Yan , Wang Yan-Chao , Zhang Min-Cong , Ye Guo-Xin , Liang Bo , Xia Qin , Li Qing
Published: October 2021

At present, low-pass whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is frequently used in clinical research and in the screening of copy number variations (CNVs). However, there are still some challenges in the detection of triploids. Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) technology is a reduced-representation genome sequencing technology developed based on next-generation sequencing. Here, we verified whether RAD-Seq could be employed to detect CNVs and triploids. In this study, genomic DNA of 11 samples was extracted employing a routine method and used to build libraries. Five cell lines of known karyotypes and 6 triploid abortion tissue samples were included for RAD-Seq testing. The triploid samples were confirmed by STR analysis and also tested by low-pass WGS. The accuracy and efficiency of detecting CNVs and triploids by RAD-Seq were then assessed, compared with low-pass WGS. In our results, RAD-Seq detected 11 out of 11 (100%) chromosomal abnormalities, including 4 deletions and 1 aneuploidy in the purchased cell lines and all triploid samples. By contrast, these triploids were missed by low-pass WGS. Furthermore, RAD-Seq showed a higher resolution and more accurate allele frequency in the detection of triploids than low-pass WGS. Our study shows that, compared with low-pass WGS, RAD-Seq has relatively higher accuracy in CNV detection at a similar cost and is capable of identifying triploids. Therefore, the application of this technique in medical genetics has a significant potential value.
Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Bowen’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Xue Wen-Li , Ruan Jia-Qi , Liu Hong-Ye , He Hong-Xia
Published: October 2021

Background: Photodynamic therapy is an established treatment option for Bowen’s disease. Our meta-analysis was aimed at evaluating the efficacy and recurrence of photodynamic therapy or other topical treatments (5-fluorouracil, cryotherapy) and of photodynamic therapy alone or in combination with other therapies (ablative fractional CO2 laser or plum-blossom needle) for the treatment of Bowen’s disease. Methods: Trials that met our inclusion criteria were identified from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases, and meta-analyses were conducted with RevMan V.5.4. The risk of bias was estimated with the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tools. Complete response rate, recurrence, pain/visual analogue scale score, cosmetic outcome, and adverse events were considered as outcomes. Results: Of the 2,439 records initially retrieved, 8 randomized controlled trials were included in this meta-analysis. According to our analyses, photodynamic therapy exhibited a significantly higher complete response rate (RR = 1.36, 95% CI [1.01, 1.84], I2 = 86%, p = 0.04), less recurrence (RR = 0.53, 95% CI [0.30, 0.95], I2 = 0%, p = 0.03), and better cosmetic outcome (RR = 1.34, 95% CI [1.15, 1.56], I2 = 0%, p = 0.0002) compared with other treatments. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the complete response rate of photodynamic therapy combined with ablative fractional CO2 laser and that of photodynamic therapy (RR = 1.85, 95% CI [1.38, 2.49], I2 = 0%, p < 0.0001). Photodynamic therapy combined with ablative fractional CO2 laser or plum-blossom needle also showed significantly less recurrence (RR = 0.21, 95% CI [0.09, 0.51], I2 = 0%, p = 0.0005) and a lower visual analogue scale score (RR = 0.51, 95% CI [0.06, 0.96], I2 = 0%, p = 0.03) than photodynamic therapy alone. However, there was no significant difference in the complete response rate between photodynamic therapy combined with ablative continuous CO2 laser and photodynamic therapy combined with ablative fractional CO2 laser (RR = 1.00, 95% CI [0.54, 1.86], I2 not applicable, p = 1.00). Conclusions: This meta-analysis shows that photodynamic therapy can be used in the treatment of Bowen’s disease with better efficacy, less recurrence, and better cosmetic outcomes than cryotherapy and 5-FU. Some methods, including ablative fractional CO2 laser, can be applied in combination with photodynamic therapy to improve efficacy. However, which laser-assisted photodynamic therapy scheme has the most advantages in the treatment of Bowen’s disease warrants further exploration.
Transparência fiscal explica a percepção da corrupção, mas Democracia importa!
Authors: Abreu Welles Matias de , Gomes Ricardo Corrêa
Published: October 2021

Não há evidência clara de como o ambiente democrático afeta os resultados sobre corrupção a partir da transparência fiscal. Este estudo objetiva verificar a influência do fator democracia nos resultados de combate à corrupção a partir da perspectiva da transparência fiscal. A revisão de literatura sobre governança pública focou sobre os temas transparência fiscal, instituições democráticas e percepção da corrupção. Sobre os aspectos metodológicos, a pesquisa é ex-post-facto, baseada em regressão multivariada de dados em painel de 110 países com 6 anos e 524 observações. Conclui-se que, conforme a condição democrática de um país, a transparência fiscal pode impactar de maneira diferente o resultado da percepção da corrupção. Nos países não democráticos praticamente não se nota alteração do grau de percepção da corrupção mesmo com as mudanças do nível de transparência. Por outro lado, nos países democráticos apresentam variações diretamente proporcionais, significativas e com alto grau de explicação entre as variáveis transparência fiscal e percepção da corrupção.
Análise da variação terminológica denominativa em textos jurídicos: o caso do termo petição inicial
Authors: Pereira Amanda Henrique , Da Silva Odair Luiz Nadin
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a análise do conceito de petição em textos jurídicos verificando as possíveis variantes denominativas para o termo. Enveredamos pela análise da variação denominativa por partimos de uma listagem de termos que são candidatos a variantes. Investigamos o que entendemos como o conceito de petição, ou seja, texto que dá início ao processo jurídico. Com isso, visamos identificar, a partir da lista de candidatos a termos, quais desses são utilizados para denominar o texto em questão na amostra de 20 peças jurídicas que analisamos. Para realizarmos nossa análise, pautamo-nos, principalmente, em Freixa (2002; 2006; 2014), Cabré (1999) etc. Tendo isso, além de identificar se há variação denominativa verificamos como ela ocorre nos textos estudados.
A restrição combinatória e a multidimensionalidade do núcleo eventivo em unidades fraseológicas especializadas
Authors: Bevilacqua Cleci , Arcos Manuela
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho trata da Fraseologia Especializada relativa à Conservação e Restauração de Bens Culturais Móveis em papel. Seus objetivos foram: a identificação e extração de Unidades Fraseológicas Especializadas Eventivas (UFE eventivas), em língua portuguesa, e sua inserção na árvore de domínio da área da Conservação e Restauração. As UFE eventivas se constituem por um Núcleo Eventivo (NE) de natureza verbal e um Núcleo Terminológico (NT) de natureza nominal e indicam ações e processos especializados. As unidades analisadas foram extraídas do Corpus Papel (Termisul) utilizando a ferramenta Word Sketch do programa Sketch Engine. A partir da análise dos dados no corpus de estudo, apresentamos dois principais resultados: a observação do fenômeno da restrição combinatória que, nas UFE eventivas, parece incidir sobre o NE, e a observação do princípio da multidimensionalidade do NE.
As lost as a pun in a corpus: an investigation into noncanonical phraseological occurrences in large corpora and translation
Authors: Brezolin Adauri
Published: October 2021

Although it might appear contradictory to investigate noncanonical phraseological combinations in corpora, corpus linguistics research has revealed that they exceed canonical forms in number (Philip 2008). This paper intends to discuss the idea of fixedness by analyzing variant forms of idioms, and if they qualify as wordplay. The Web, our data source, is employed for collecting such noncanonical occurrences in both English and Portuguese using keywords on the Google Search Engine. Our discussion mainly draws on studies relating to fixed phrases (Kjellmer 1991; Granger & Paquot 2008; Tagnin 2013); phraseological skeletons (Renouf & Sinclair 1991; Philip 2008), and idiom transformations (Veisbergs 1997; Barta 2005). Due attention is also given to search queries of nonstandard forms of fixed expressions in corpora (Philip 2008), and the translation of idiom-based wordplay (Veisbergs 1997; Brezolin 2020)
Entre coisas selvagens, monstros e feras: as traduções de Where The Wild Things Are para o português brasileiro e para o chinês
Authors: Alvino Jamilly Brandão
Published: October 2021

No presente artigo, relatamos a construção e análise inicial de um corpus paralelo composto por um livro infantil escrito originalmente em inglês por Maurice Sendak, Where the Wild Things Are, e suas traduções para o português brasileiro e para o chinês, a fim de analisar e comparar as traduções publicadas nas duas línguas. A extração inicial de informações desse corpus está pautada na metodologia da Linguística de Corpus, e, almejando uma análise objetiva, foi utilizado o software WordSmith Tools. Após a exploração do corpus, a fim de entender as escolhas tradutológicas para a expressão ‘wild things’, bem como verificar sua possível tradução literal, julgou-se necessário contatar a tradutora Heloisa Jahn e elaborar uma entrevista proposta a onze falantes nativos de chinês. Os dados obtidos revelaram a similaridade entre as duas traduções.
Linguística de corpus, fraseologia e seriados televisivos: análise contrastiva de unidades fraseológicas em Game of Thrones
Authors: Lisboa Joel Victor Reis
Published: October 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma análise contrastiva de cinco unidades fraseológicas (UFs) extraídas de um corpus bilíngue (inglês-português) de legendas do seriado televisivo Game of Thrones, à luz da taxonomia proposta por Tagnin (2013). Ademais, busca-se exemplificar a referida taxonomia por meio de UFs extraídas do próprio corpus de estudo. O corpus foi compilado segundo princípios metodológicos da Linguística de Corpus e analisado por meio do programa WordSmith Tools 6.0 (Scott 2012). A partir da análise contrastiva, observou-se traços como divergência no grau de fixidez, não padronização terminológica e não metaforização. Esperamos que este artigo evidencie as possibilidades e proficuidade da exploração lexical do mundo ficcional dos seriados televisivos para os estudos fraseológicos, bem como a aplicabilidade da taxonomia proposta por Tagnin (2013) para a classificação e análise de UFs.
Feeding the machine: Challenges to reproducible predictive modeling in resting-state connectomics
Authors: Cwiek Andrew , Rajtmajer Sarah M. , Wyble Bradley , Honavar Vasant , Grossner Emily , Hillary Frank G.
Published: October 2021

In this critical review, we examine the application of predictive models, for example, classifiers, trained using machine learning (ML) to assist in interpretation of functional neuroimaging data. Our primary goal is to summarize how ML is being applied and critically assess common practices. Our review covers 250 studies published using ML and resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) to infer various dimensions of the human functional connectome. Results for holdout (“lockbox”) performance was, on average, ∼13% less accurate than performance measured through cross-validation alone, highlighting the importance of lockbox data, which was included in only 16% of the studies. There was also a concerning lack of transparency across the key steps in training and evaluating predictive models. The summary of this literature underscores the importance of the use of a lockbox and highlights several methodological pitfalls that can be addressed by the imaging community. We argue that, ideally, studies are motivated both by the reproducibility and generalizability of findings as well as the potential clinical significance of the insights. We offer recommendations for principled integration of machine learning into the clinical neurosciences with the goal of advancing imaging biomarkers of brain disorders, understanding causative determinants for health risks, and parsing heterogeneous patient outcomes.
Tripogon nicorae var. aristulata (Poaceae), a new variety from Peru
Authors: GUTIÉRREZ HAROL , CASTAÑEDA ROXANA , GONZALES TERESA , SOTELO-MENDEZ ALEJANDRINA , PETERSON PAUL M.
Published: October 2021

A new variety of Tripogon nicorae from Peru is described and illustrated. The new taxon, Tripogon nicorae var. aristulata, has lower glumes with scabrous keels (vs. smooth keels in T. nicorae var. nicorae) and narrow paleas 0.4−0.5 mm wide [vs. (0.66−)0.9–1.4 mm wide in T. nicorae var. nicorae]. A discussion and an identification key to the species and varieties of Tripogon and Tripogonella in Peru are presented.
The incidence and admission rate for first-episode psychosis in young people before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: O’Donoghue Brian , Collett Hannah , Boyd Sophie , Zhou Yuanna , Castagnini Emily , Brown Ellie , Street Rebekah , Nelson Barnaby , Thompson Andrew , McGorry Patrick
Published: October 2021

Objective:

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound effect on global mental health, with one-third of infected individuals developing a psychiatric or neurological disorder 6 months after infection. The risk of infection and the associated restrictions introduced to reduce the spread of the virus have also impacted help-seeking behaviours. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether there was a difference during the COVID-19 pandemic in the treated incidence of psychotic disorders and rates of admission to hospital for psychosis (including involuntary admission).

Methods:

Incident cases of first-episode psychosis in young people, aged 15 to 24, at an early intervention service in Melbourne from an 8-month period before the pandemic were compared with rates during the pandemic. Hospital admission rates for these periods were also compared.

Results:

Before the pandemic, the annual incidence of first-episode psychosis was 104.5 cases per 100,000 at-risk population, and during the pandemic it was 121.9 (incidence rate ratio = 1.14, 95% confidence interval = [0.92, 1.42], p = 0.24). Immediately after the implementation of restrictions, there was a non-significant reduction in the treated incidence (incidence rate ratio = 0.80, 95% confidence interval = [0.58, 1.09]), which was followed by a significant increase in the treated incidence in later months (incidence rate ratio = 1.94, 95% confidence interval = [1.52, 2.49]; incidence rate ratio = 1.64, 95% confidence interval = [1.25, 2.16]). Before the pandemic, 37.3% of young people with first-episode psychosis were admitted to hospital, compared to 61.7% during the pandemic (odds ratio = 2.71, 95% confidence interval = [1.73, 4.24]). Concerning the legal status of the admissions, before the pandemic, 27.3% were admitted involuntarily to hospital, compared to 42.5% during the pandemic (odds ratio = 1.97, 95% confidence interval = [1.23, 3.14]).

Conclusion:

There was a mild increase, which did not reach statistical significance, in the overall incidence of first-episode psychosis; however, the pattern of presentations changed significantly, with nearly twice as many cases presenting in the later months of the restrictions. There was a significant increase in both voluntary and involuntary admissions, and the possible explanations for these findings are discussed.
Social work post-disaster response in Iran: A case study of the 2019 mass flooding in Poldokhtar, Lorestan
Authors: Maarefvand Masoomeh , Ghiabi Maziyar , Nourshargh Fatemeh
Published: October 2021

Flash-flooding affected Iran in March 2019 causing the displacement of thousands of people. Social workers established a Child Friendly Space (CFS) and applied comprehensive case management to provide psychosocial support for people who were affected by flooding (PWAF) (n = 565) in a community in Poldokhtar, covering a period of 3 months. Outreach services, involving community-volunteers, providing counseling, establishing CFS, training PWAF for reducing violence, and preventing child abuse were essential social work post-disaster interventions to support vulnerable populations. The article reflects upon the often-neglected role of social workers in post-disaster settings, and brings new material for discussion from the unexplored field of Iranian social workers.
How Political Identity Shapes Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Fernandes Daniel , Ordabayeva Nailya , Han Kyuhong , Jung Jihye , Mittal Vikas
Published: October 2021

This article examines the effect of political identity on customers’ satisfaction with the products and services they consume. Recent work suggests that conservatives are less likely to complain than liberals. Building on that work, the present research examines how political identity shapes customer satisfaction, which has broad implications for customers and firms. Nine studies combine different methodologies, primary and secondary data, real and hypothetical behavior, different product categories, and diverse participant populations to show that conservatives (vs. liberals) are more satisfied with the products and services they consume. This happens because conservatives (vs. liberals) are more likely to believe in free will (i.e., that people have agency over their decisions) and, therefore, to trust their own decisions. The authors document the broad and tangible downstream consequences of this effect for customers’ repurchase and recommendation intentions and firms’ sales. The association of political identity and customer satisfaction is attenuated when belief in free will is externally weakened, choice is limited, or the consumption experience is overwhelmingly positive.
Global Englishes and Teacher Education: Present Cases and Future Directions
Authors: Chen Ziyin , Chen Xiaojuan , Fang Fan
Published: October 2021

The spread of English as a global language has led to discussions and debates about English language teaching and whether language teacher education should prepare pre- and in-service teachers to teach English from the global Englishes (GE) perspective. This thematic review first addresses the need to move from traditional assumptions about native speakerism in language teaching and then links it to individual cognition in GE-informed teacher education. The review then presents cases of GE teacher education in various contexts and addresses challenges in and future directions for GE-aware teacher education. The implications for GE language teacher education from the perspectives of “looking inward,” “looking around,” and “looking forward” are discussed at the end of this review.