bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Training Program in Administrative Creativity Achievement among Schools Principals of Directorate of Education in Tafila Governorate from Their Perspective
Authors: Al-Amarat Mohammad Salem
Published: April 2019

The study aimed to recognize the role of training program in administrative creativity achievement among schools principals of directorate of education in Tafila Governorate from their perspective. The population and the sample consisted of (83) male and female principals. The survey descriptive approach was used, and a questioner for data collection was used after checking validity and reliability. The result indicated that the role of training program in administrative creativity achievement among schools principals of directorate of education in Tafila Governorate from their perspective. Came with a high degree with mean of (3.54), and there are no statistically significant difference due to the variables of experience, gender, and training course. The result also showed that there are no statistically significant differences attributed to the variable of school level in favor of secondary school. The research recommended that the ministry of education should intrude qualitative training programs for principals to enable them in administrative creativity achievement and to keep up with development.
ANALYSIS OF THE DEFLECTION OF A TRUSS WITH A DECORATIVE LATTICE
Authors: Kirsanov Mikhail N.
Published: April 2019

Introduction. A scheme is proposed for a planar symmetric statically determinate beam truss with a rectilinear lower belt, struts, multidirectional braces and a polygonal outline of the upper belt. The belts of the truss are rectilinear, the hinges are ideal. The truss belongs to the class of regular trusses having periodic cells. The supporting rods are not deformable. The truss is evenly loaded around the nodes of the lower belt.

Materials and methods. The task is to deduce the dependence of the deflection of the truss on the number of panels in the span. The deflection is obtained from the Maxwell-Mora formula under the assumption that all the rods have the same rigidity. Forces in the structural rods from the effective uniform load and from the unit vertical in the middle of the span are determined by the method of cutting the nodes. The matrix of the system of linear equations of node equilibrium is made up of the cosines of the forces with the coordinate axes. To compile a system of equations and solve it, the program of symbolic mathematics Maple is used. To obtain the general formula, a number of problems of trusses with a number of panels from 2 to 29 are solved. Sequences of the coefficients of the deflection formula have common terms for which homogeneous recurrence equations are also compiled using the methods of the Maple system using specialized operators.

Results. The solutions of recurrence equations have the form of polynomials with coefficients that depend on the parity of the number of panels and contain trigonometric functions. The graphs of the solutions obtained are constructed and analysed. Sharp changes of deflection characteristic for such truss and their non-monotonic character are noted. It is shown that for a fixed, independent on the number of panels, length of the span and the total load, the relative deflection with increasing number of panels first decreases, then varies little.

Conclusions. The asymptotic property of the solution is obtained by the methods of the Maple system: an inclined asymptote is found. The slope is calculated using the analytical capabilities of Maple. A simple formula is derived for the horizontal displacement of the mobile support from the action of the load. The dependence is monotonic. The height of the truss is included in the denominator of the formula.
INFLUENCE OF POINT HEIGHT CONSTRUCTION ON AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EXISTING BUILDINGS
Authors: Poddaeva Olga I. , Egorychev Oleg O. , Nagornova Zhanna I.
Published: April 2019

Introduction. The article is devoted to the description of the method of experimental modeling of wind effects on buildings and structures located in dense urban areas. The relevance of the research topic is explained by the increase in the density of urban development in large cities, as well as the tendency to the point construction of high-rise buildings in areas with existing low-rise, historical buildings. Materials and methods. Experimental modeling in a wind tunnel is considered as a research method. Studies were conducted on a reduced geometrically similar model of the real object. As measuring equipment was used the research system, which based on differential strain-gauge pressure sensors. The results of experimental studies are presented in the form of dimensionless aerodynamic pressure coefficients. The object under study is a building consisting of three non-high-rise and one designed high-rise buildings. In order to assess the impact of the designed building on the wind load on the existing building structures, three different schemes of their location were considered. Results. Parameters of wind load (aerodynamic coefficients) on existing building structures were determined and exponential graphs of the dependence of the average values of the aerodynamic coefficients on the location of the height structure and the angle of attack of the incident air flow were constructed. Conclusions. The results of the research suggest a significant decrease in the average wind load on the buildings of the existing building when the high-rise building is located near it, which indicates the beneficial effect of this arrangement of buildings on the aerodynamic situation of the area in terms of wind load on the buildings themselves. Nevertheless, at the stage of development of project documentation for each such facility, it is recommended to conduct comprehensive studies, where, in addition to the wind load, the impact of the designed structures on the aeration and bioclimatic comfort of the development area will be assessed.
IMPACT OF DAM ROCKFILL CREEP ON REINFORCED CONCRETE FACE STRESS-STRAIN STATE
Authors: Sainov Mikhail P. , Kirichenko Andrey Yu.
Published: April 2019

Introduction. Rockfill deformations are developed during long time. It is known that most intensive they are during construction period, but their increment continues also during operation period due to creep. Therefore, creep may affect the reinforced concrete face stress-strain state. Nevertheless, search for the scientific and technical information showed that the problem of creep impact on the face strength is poorly studied. Materials and methods. Studies of stress-strain state were conducted with the aid of numerical modeling by finite element method. They were carried out on the example of in-situ Toulnustouc dam, which deformations during the operation period are known by the results of field measurements. For simulation of the time-dependent dam, deformation increment process there was chosen a rheological model of soil and a technique was worked out for calculating the dam stress-strain state. At plotting the rheological model, the use was made of the simplest exponential relationship of time-dependent deformations. Results. The parameters of the rockfill model were determined by selection from condition of matching between the dam design displacements and the field data. For the considered dam, the rockfill creep has not resulted in cardinal changes in the reinforced concrete face stress-strain state. Conclusion. It was revealed that increase of the dam settlements due to creep has a favorable effect: they create additional compressive longitudinal force in the face.
NEW DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND VARIOUS DRUG APPLICATIONS UNDER FDA
Authors: Prasad Kolla Chaitanya
Published: April 2019

New drug is the one which is not previously available and intended to cure the unmet medical need. New drug development is very critical because there is no guarantee for the success of development. One of major stage in drug development is clinical phases, where phase 1 is conducted in healthy volunteers in small group, where phase 2 is conducted in small group of patient population, phase 3 is on large group of patient population, and at last after new marketing phase 4 starts, this is to identify unknown uses and adverse effect which are not found in previous phases. FDA is considered to be the world’s most stringent drug regulatory body. New drug is evaluated by various professionals in their departments from CDER.
REQUIREMENTS OF DRUG PRODUCT REGISTRATION IN RUSSIA
Authors: Kumar Badjatya Jitendra
Published: April 2019

Russia is poised to be among the top five Global pharmaceutical markets in terms of value in the next five years. The registration is a state procedure of drug quality, efficacy and safety evaluation to obtain an approval for medical use of a drug in the Russian Federation. The designated federal executive authority regulating drug registration issues is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. This is due to the heterogeneity in the regulatory landscape of the various countries. Therefore, to meet these challenges, a lot of strategic planning is required before the development of any generic drug product. Registration should be seen as a critical step in ensuring access to safe and effective medicinal product.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PANCHKARMA W.S.R. TO THE MANASA VIKARA: A REVIEW
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Kapoor Rakesh
Published: April 2019

Anciently Indian system of medicine describes two types of diseases sharirik and manasika according to the location and doshik involvement. Literature reveals that mental disorders (manasa vikara) possess significant relation with the body. The manasa vikara are due to the impairment of common mental functions; alpa stwa, vitiation of sharirik and manas dhosas and vitiation of manovah srotas. Mans vikara may also resulted from emotional disturbance due to derangement of rajo and tamo dhosa. Ancient observation of medical practice emphasizes significant role of purification/shodhna therapy in manasa vikara; this article summarizes role of purification/shodhna therapy such as; Panchacarma in the management of mental disorders.
BIOCHEMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OF CALLUS GROWTH AND LYCOPENE PIGMENT PRODUCTION FROM TOMATO (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) UNDER DROUGHT STRESS
Authors: Kareem Talib Khashan , Karrar Abbas Tikki
Published: April 2019

This experiment was conducted in faculty of Science labs, Kufa University, carried out during 2015 to applied methods for extraction, purification and Quantitative of Lycopene red pigments, from callus tissue and tomato fruits mother plant (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill).This study include of three parts, Firstly; Tomato seeds(Supper queen) hybrid were germinated in free MS medium and callus induction from shoot tip (3cmpieces) by using MS medium supplemented with Dichlorophenoxiactic acid (2,4-D) at different concentration (0.5,1, 1.5mg/l)with benzyl adenine (BA) at concentration of (0.3 mg/l). Secondly; identically callus fresh weight re-cultured in the same MS medium supplemented with high molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as selective agent at level of (5,10,15 and 25%). Thirdly; comparisons study were made between in vitro and in vivo grown plant. Powder of control lycopene used as standard solution. The content of lycopene was done by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and compare of the quantitatively of lycopene with these content in fruits of mother plant, and callus tissue. Also, include alcohol extraction of Lycopene from tomato fruit by using acetone and hexane mixture. The result showed significant increased (P< 0.05) of lycopene production and the superiority of lycopene content in callus than the content in fruits of mother plant. Antioxidant enzymes activity like Catalase (CAT),Guaiacol peroxidise (POX) and Superoxide dismutase(SOD) were high in callus under drought stress than in fruit of mother plant. However, Proline and total sugar content were at higher levels in callus under drought stress than in fruit of mother plant.
Prophylactic, nutritional, seasonal and pathological consideration of Ahara as per Ayurveda
Authors: Gupta Rahul Kumar , Malviya Dinesh , Soni Pradeep , Shrivastava Jitendra , Rajput Pawan
Published: April 2019

The dietary pattern of human being aimed to maintain good health which came in practice after lot of evaluation including trial and error based consideration. The different culture of human civilization offered number of food preparations which help to promote health through different nutritional value. The traditional science of India Ayurveda also aimed to promote and preserve the health and longevity. The various conceptual belongings of ayurveda play vital role towards achieving this goal and dietary consideration is one of them. Ayurveda believe that the dietary consideration as per desha, kala and prakrirti, etc. not only help to promote health but also cure the diseases. Ahara sometimes also used as a curative measure therefore specific diet pattern recommended as prophylactic approach for the prevention of some common diseases. Good quality food stuffs improve memory, energy, digestive power, intellectual and ojas. This article summarized health benefits of food and various rules of ayurveda related to dietary consideration.
Design and Evaluation of Chitosan films for Transdermal delivery of Glimepiride
Authors: Ata Ur Rahman Syed , Sharma Neeraj
Published: April 2019

Glimepiride is a third generation oral antidiabetic sulphonylurea drug frequently prescribed to patients of type 2 diabetes. However, its oral therapy is encountered with bioavailability problems due to its poor solubility leading to irreproducible clinical response, in addition to adverse effects like dizziness and gastric disturbances. As a potential for convenient, safe and effective antidiabetic therapy, the rationale of this study was to develop a transdermal delivery system for glimepiride. Chitosan polymer was utilized in developing transdermal films for glimepiride. Chitosan has film forming ability, bioadhesive and absorption enhancing properties. Aiming at optimizing the drug delivery and circumventing the skin barrier function, inclusion complexation of glimepiride with beta-cyclodextrin (β-CyD) as well as the use of several conventional penetration enhancers were monitored for augmenting the drug flux. The physical and mechanical properties of the prepared films were investigated using tensile testing, IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Release studies revealed adequate release rates from chitosan films. Permeation studies through full thickness rat abdominal skin were conducted. High flux values were obtained from films comprising a combination of the drug with limonene and ethanol as well as from films containing glimepiride-β-CyD complex. In vivo studies on diabetic rats for selected formulae revealed a marked therapeutic efficacy sustained for about 48 hours. The above-mentioned results shed light on feasibility of utilizing chitosan as an effective, safe transdermal delivery system for glimepiride characterized by increased patient compliance and better control of the disease.
Effect of drug urine abnormality in adolescent age group
Authors: Aashutosh , , Kumar Dinesh
Published: April 2019

Adolescents have 2/3 of total population. This is a unique group with special needs and atention. Most adolescents with lifestyle issues fell in the age group of 16–18 years. A complete urinalysis includes physical, chemical and microscopic examinations. Midstream clean catch collection is acceptable in most situations, but the specimen should be examined within two hours of collection. Cloudy urine often is a result of precipitated phosphate crystals in alkaline urine, but pyuria also can be the cause. A strong odour may be the result of a concentrated specimen rather than a urinary tract infection. Dipstick urinalysis is convenient, but false-positive and false-negative results can occur. Specific gravity provides a reliable assessment of the patient’s hydration status. Glomerular, renal and urologic causes of microhaematuria often can be differentiated by other elements of the urinalysis. Although transient proteinuria typically is a benign condition, persistent proteinuria requires further work-up. Uncomplicated urinary tract infections diagnosed by positive leukocyte esterase and nitrite tests can be treated without culture.
Recent classification of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tiwari Kuldeep , Kumar Dinesh
Published: April 2019

The right classification for diabetes mellitus (DM) allows a more adequate treatment and comprises four categories: type 1 DM, type 2 DM, other types, and gestational diabetes. Assigning a type of diabetes to an individual often depends on the circumstances present at the time of diagnosis, and many diabetic individuals do not easily fit into a single class. Diabetes mellitus and lesser forms of glucose intolerance, particularly impaired glucose tolerance, can now be found in almost every population in the world and epidemiological evidence suggests that, without effective prevention and control programmes, diabetes will likely continue to increase globally. These findings were confirmed in a similar study in India, in which the FPG and 2-h PG were each strongly and equally associated with retinopathy. For both the FPG and the 2-h PG, the prevalence of retinopathy was markedly higher above the point of intersection of the two components of the bimodal frequency distribution (FPG = 129 mg/dl [7.2 mmol/l] and 2- h PG = 207 mg/dl [11.5 mmol/l]). In the NHANES III, 2,821 individuals aged 40-74 years received an OGTT, a measurement of HbAlc, and an assessment of retinopathy by fundus photography.
General consideration of Pakshaghata and its management using natural medicine and Ayurveda principles
Authors: Mane Vd. Shankar Lahuraj , Patil Amol S. , Mane Vd. Shital Shankar , Patil Jagdish P. , Dahatonde Ajit U.
Published: April 2019

Pakshaghata (Hemiplegia) is one of the most common causes of death especially in elder age group. Pakshaghata mainly occurs due to the obstruction of cerebral blood vessels, ischemia, and lack of glucose metabolism and weakness of nerve cell. Loss of movement, sensory deficit, dysarthria, atrophy, stiffness and disturbed nerve impulses are the major symptoms of disease. Ayurveda offers various treatment modalities for the management of Pakshaghata such as; use of herbs & formulation, yoga and Shodhana Chikitsa. Present article described various approaches of ayurveda for the management of Pakshaghata including natural herbs and Shodhana Chikitsa.
Petroleum extracts of Cynanchum cutum L. and structure elucidation of isolated compounds
Authors: Khureja Rajni Singh , Kumar Dinesh
Published: April 2019

In present study, petroleum ether extracts of Cynanchum cutum L. isolated unknown active constituents and their structure elucidated by analytical technique. The extracts were analyzed by the GC/MS technique. The GC chromatogram showed nine peaks corresponding to four compounds. These four compounds were identified on the basis of a high percentage of matching with authentic spectrum using NIST library.
TREATMENT COMPLETION AND IMPLEMENTATION BY PATIENTS INITIATING TICAGRELOR
Authors: Grégoire Jean-Pierre , Poirier Paul , Perez Norma , Demers Éric , Moisan Jocelyne
Published: April 2019

BackgroundIn secondary prevention of adverse events and death following acute coronary syndrome, patients may benefit from adhering to a ticagrelor treatment.ObjectivesThe authors assessed the proportion of new ticagrelor users who completed 12 months of treatment, explored the factors associated with treatment completion and, among the completers, evaluated the 12-month treatment implementation.MethodsA retrospective administrative health database inception cohort study was conducted in a population that included Quebec residents ≥18 years of age who initiated ticagrelor between January 1, 2012 and March 31, 2014. A patient still on ticagrelor at the end of the 12-month period after treatment initiation was considered to have completed the treatment. Factors associated with treatment completion were identified using log-binomial regression. Implementation was assessed using the proportion of days covered (PDC).

ResultsOf the 3,600 patients, 2,235 (62.1%) completed 12 months of treatment. The patients who were more likely to complete their treatment included those who had visited a general practitioner, had a percutaneous coronary intervention, used a statin or fibrate, and those who used an antihypertensive drug during the year preceding the ticagrelor treatment initiation. Older patients, those with atrial fibrillation, those who had ≥ 6 physician visits and those who used an anticoagulant were less likely to complete the 12-month treatment. The median PDC was 96.2%.ConclusionTreatment completion might be improved. Among patients who completed the treatment, implementation was high. The factors associated with completion could help to identify patients who might benefit from interventions that aim to optimize treatment completion.
COMFORT AND PERFORMANCE PROPERTIES OF THE CELLULOSE BASED WOVEN FABRICS
Authors: YAVUZKASAP AYAKTA Duygu , CİNPERİ Nazlı , ÇELİKKIRAN Sezin , ONER Eren
Published: April 2019

In recent years, natural and man-made celluloses have become more important with the increase in the desire for sustainability. With the acceleration of industrialization, the consumption of resources and waste generation have increased rapidly, and the use of environmentally friendly fibers in textiles has gained importance for the reduction of environmental losses and ecological damages. This study aimed to investigate comfort and usage performance properties of the worsted fabrics which had different sustainable fibers and weft settings. Fifteen types of woven fabrics with three different weft density levels were designed, and produced with five different fiber types which were cotton, Tencel, bamboo, Promodal and eco-responsible viscose. Air permeability, spray rating, wicking and wira vapour shrinkage values were determined to compare the comfort and performance properties of the woven fabrics. Besides, FAST-2 values of the fabrics were measured from bending length according to the cantilever bending principle. According to the results, it can be said that the fabrics produced from bamboo and Tencel can be preferred for women's wear because of being more draped. In addition, fabrics made of cotton yarns showed similar shortening in the direction of weft and warp. Therefore, they may be the preferred choice for garments and end-users
Industrial 3D printing for modern machine and handling systems—Potential and solutions
Authors: Gorn Michael , Cerwenka Georg , Gralow Melanie , Emmelmann Claus
Published: April 2019

Parts manufactured by laser beam melting (LBM) are about to break through prototype status and into industrial applications, especially in the medical technology and aviation industries. Machine and handling systems (MHSs) have not yet benefited from the numerous advantages of this disruptive manufacturing method on a broader scale, although conditions appear promising for implementation. Certification and approval processes often require less time and costs for MHSs than for other industry branches, which promotes rapid implementation of LBM. In the future, modern MHSs will perform more specialized, diverse, and complex tasks, even going beyond industrial applications and entering the private use market, e.g., through household assisting robots. In Sec. I, an insight into the requirements and challenges in the context of existing manufacturing and use restrictions of MHSs is given. Furthermore, Sec. I briefly introduces the LBM process and its benefits and restrictions. In Sec. II, the concepts of lightweight construction, functional integration, and a high degree of design freedom reveal potential for the design and redesign of novel product solutions for current and future applications. Exemplarily, a 6-axis robot is being examined with regard to industrial LBM production. Suitable subcomponents will be identified. Possible solutions for the previously mentioned fields are described in Sec. III. In order to determine achievable weight savings and to allow masses to be more dynamic, conventional designs are compared with developed topology-optimized components. Additionally, feature integration allows MHS manufacturing steps to be reduced. An integral design is being studied to minimize the number of machine parts used. Biomimetic approaches are used to reduce interference contours. This is of great importance for preventive personal protection in human–machine interaction (HMI) in order to expand the range of applications of modern MHSs. Furthermore, modal properties are specifically adapted. Lattice and hybrid LBM construction methods are also being considered. Accumulated in-depth knowledge of industrial LBM, lightweight construction, functional integration, design flexibility in mass customization, and also HMI topics for MHSs are summarized. An outlook is given on further applications and future approaches for industrialization.
Nanostructuring of laser textured surface to achieve superhydrophobicity on engineering metal surface
Authors: Samanta Avik , Wang Qinghua , Shaw Scott K. , Ding Hongtao
Published: April 2019

Superhydrophobic metal alloy surfaces are increasingly employed in aerospace and naval applications for anti-icing, drag reduction, self-cleaning, and high-efficiency light absorption capabilities. Emerging laser-based surface texturing methods demonstrate significant potential for manufacturing these surfaces, with the advantages of high processing precision and flexibility. In this research, superhydrophobicity is achieved on engineering metal surfaces using a novel nanosecond Laser-based High-throughput Surface Nanostructuring process. First, a high-energy nanosecond pulse laser scans the metal surface submerged in water using a large spatial increment and a fast processing speed. After that, the laser-textured surface is further treated by immersion in a chlorosilane reagent for a specific period of time. As a result of these two processes, micro- and nano-scale surface features are generated on the metal surface. These features are measured on AISI 4130 steel workpieces through scanning electron microscopy. The surface chemistry is characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and correlated with processing conditions. The features are also compared after completion of each process step to understand their individual and cumulative effect on the textured surface. It is found that utilizing a high laser power intensity during the laser texturing process phase will significantly enhance surface nanostructuring effects after the chlorosilane treatment, resulting in feature size decrease and increase in feature density.
The attitude of consumers towards “Made in Italy” products. An empirical analysis among Italian customers
Authors: Cappelli Lucio , D’ascenzo Fabrizio , Ruggieri Roberto , Rossetti Francesca , Scalingi Alessandra
Published: April 2019

The paper is part of a broader research project studying consumer’s attitude towards “Made in Italy” products through empirical investigation. The research questions addressed are: 1) Does recognition in terms of the qualitative characterization of “Made in Italy” products exist? And if so, 2) are people willing to pay, in quantitative terms, a premium price for such products? From a theoretical standpoint, the research seeks to fill a gap in the literature, since studies combining the “made in” characteristic with measured “willingness to pay” are neither conventional nor numerous. The specific purpose of this contribution is to analyze the relationship between the purchase of “Made in Italy” products, recognition of the quality and willingness to pay a premium price on the part of Italian consumers, reporting the results of an empirical research. The survey involved a total of 315 Italian consumers while three commodity sectors were analysed: food, fashion and mechanical automation. The results confirm that there is a propensity to purchase “Made in Italy” products which does not seem to be a matter of irrational consumer behaviour. “Made in Italy” is confirmed as a conceptual category consolidated in the minds of consumers, since there is clear recognition of these products in terms of qualitative characterization. These and other results of the research (which need to be confirmed and extended with further empirical investigations) should prove relevant both to the literature and as indications for public policies and the strategies of companies operating in the sectors examined. For the literature this research can be useful because there is no complete overview of quantitative data on the premium price. It can also serve for public policies because quantification of the premium price can influence the choices and strategies of companies. This study shows a significant willingness to pay a premium price for the three sectors analyzed, although the premium price is not homogeneous: while the measures range mostly between 10 and 30%, higher values appear for products in the food sector.
Low risk trading algorithm based on the price cyclicality function for capital markets
Authors: Păuna Cristian
Published: April 2019

Buy cheap and sell more expensive is one of the basic ideas of trading the capital markets for hundreds of years. To apply it in practice has become difficult nowadays due to the high price volatility. The uncertainty in the price movements often leads to high-risk allocation. One main question is when the price is low enough for a low-risk entry? Once established an entry point, the second question is how long to keep the open trades in order to optimize the investment efficiency? This article will answer these questions. A general trading algorithm based on the price cyclical behavior will be revealed. The mathematical model is developed using the Price Cyclicality Function combined with other computational techniques in order to establish low-risk intervals. The algorithm will use multiple entry points in order to catch the best price opportunities. A simple empirical exit algorithm will be optimized in order to maximize the profit for a certain capital exposure level. The presented model uses a low number of functional parameters which can be optimized with a reasonable computational effort for any financial market. Trading results obtained for several markets will also be included in this paper in order to reveal the efficiency of the presented methodology. It was found that the Low-Risk Trading Algorithm can be used with good results for algorithmic trading in any financial market. With the right parameters set, this methodology can be wide range applied in the stock markets, currency and cryptocurrency markets, commodities and raw materials markets and even for the real estate investments. The simplicity of the presented model and the good efficiency level obtained will recommend it. This methodology can be used by any investor in order to manage the investment plan with multiple capital markets.
Fiscal management on revenue-based or expenditure-based adjustments: an empirical evidence from EU-Countries
Authors: Bâzgan Ramona-Mihaela
Published: April 2019

An objective for each developed state remains the improvement of a suitable fiscal management system that could generate an increased level of resources. Further on, planning, distributing, allocating those resources to the proper beneficiaries, could generate an economic stabilization, suitable economic growth, decreased level of the net lending variable. The study consisted in an empirical research throughout it was developed the analysis of the impact of fiscal strategies and public expenses adjustments on economic growth and budgetary balance. Time series data from 1998 to 2018 were used on the empirical evidence over the European countries. The study developed an econometric model represented by an unbalanced panel data analysis having as independent variables: the variance of direct taxes, the dynamics of indirect taxes, the variance of budgetary balance, the variance of tax burden, the dynamics of change in net lending as percent of gross domestic product. The dependent variable was revealed throughout the variance of gross domestic product per capita. Over 588 time series observations and 28 cross-section data were taken into consideration in order to reveal if either revenue-adjustments or public-spending adjustments had a greater influence on the evolution of economic growth over the EU-Countries. The result of the econometric model exposed a positive correlation between total expenditure, budgetary balance and economic growth and a negative correlation between direct taxes, indirect taxes, tax burden and economic growth. Moreover, by generating dummy variables on the fixed effect model, it was revealed that large fiscal improvements had a less positive effect on the development of economic growth than fiscal adjustments based on medium-size consolidation.
Crossing Boundaries: Developing Transdisciplinary Skills in Engineering Education
Authors: Tan Tanya , Nesbit Susan , Ellis Naoko , Ostafichuk Peter
Published: April 2019

Transdisciplinary engineering curricula prepare future engineers with a holistic understanding of complex real-world problems, and the ability to tackle these problems with knowledge and skills in both engineering and non-engineering areas. What are transdisciplinary skills in the engineering education context? What learning activities can we design and implement to develop students’ transdisciplinary skills in the first-year engineering program? How can we assess transdisciplinary skills and evaluate the instructional effectiveness of these learning activities?The current study is an initial attempt to explore these questions. We introduce a conceptual framework ofusing systems thinking, empathy and metacognition asproxy indicators of transdisciplinary skills, and presentthe learning activities we have designed to developstudent competencies in these areas. In addition, wepropose an evaluation approach that includes a surveyinstrument and formative learning assessment, with which we investigate the relationships among empathy, systems thinking, and metacognitive skills in the context ofengineering education.
Kebutuhan Perancangan Sistem Screening Balita Sakit Berdasarkan Klasifikasi dan Penatalasanaan MTBS
Authors: Nurmawati Ida , Erawantini Feby
Published: April 2019

Angka kematian balita (AKBA) di Indonesia tahun 2015 sebesar 26,29 per 1000 kelahiran hidup. Target SDG’s angka kematian balita dapat menurun sebesar 25 per 1000 kelahiran pada tahun 2030. Salah satu upaya untuk menurunkan kematian balita adalah dengan deteksi sedini mungkin penyebab kematian balita. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan identifikasi kebutuhan perancangan sistem screening balita sakit berbasis android. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif untuk menggali lebih dalam informasi tentang kebutuhan perancangan sistem. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan brainstorming dan dokumentasi. Brainstorming dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan 2 bidan dan 2 perawat sebagai pengguna MTBS di Puskesmas. Dokumentasi dilakukan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang bagan MTBS revisi 2015. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa petugas kesehatan membutuhkan aplikasi yang mampu mendeteksi balita sakit secara otomatis, kader kesehatan dapat diberdayakan dalam mendeteksi balita sakit dengan menggunakan sistem screening balita sakit, sistem screening balita sakit dapat membenatu penyelenggaraan MTBS-M. Memberikan pelatihan kepada kader kesehatan dalam melakukan deteksi balita sakit menggunakan bagan MTBS.
Tingkat Pengetahuan Kader Tentang Deteksi Dini Resiko Tinggi Ibu Hamil Dengan Perilaku Melapor Pada Tenaga Kesehatan
Authors: Purwaningrum Yuniasih
Published: April 2019

Kehamilan dan persalinan merupakan proses alami, tetapi perlu perawatan diri yang khusus agar ibu dan janin dalam keadaan sehat. karena itu kehamilan yang normalpun mempunyai resiko, namun tidak secara langsung meningkatkan resiko kematian ibu. Keadaan tersebut dinamakan faktor resiko.Pada tahun 2016 deteksi dini resiko tinggi ibu hamil oleh kader di Kabupaten Bondowoso mencapai 7,99 % dari target yang ada 10 %, sedangkan data yang diperoleh dari Puskesmas Wringin dengan jumlah kader 220 orang dan jumlah ibu hamil 625 selama kurun waktu 1 tahun (2016) pencapaian deteksi dini resiko tinggi ibu hamil 2,3 %. Maka dilakukan penelitian hubungan tingkat pengetahuan kader tentang deteksi dini resiko tinggi ibu hamil dengan perilaku melapor pada tenaga kesehatan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wringin Kabupaten Bondowoso Tahun 2017.Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik korelasi dengan populasi menggunakan cross sectional 220 sample 65 kader, dengan mengunakan sample wilayah atau area probability sample. Untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan dengan mengunakan kuisioner dengan katagori, baik, cukup, kurang dan perilaku melapor pada tenaga kesehatan dengan menggunakan lembar tulis dengan kategori melapor, sebagian melapor, tidak melapor. Kemudian data diolah dengan uji statistik Chi Square.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan kader tentang deteksi dini resiko tinggi kehamilan dengan kreteria baik 31 orang (48 %), kriteria cukup 34 orang (52 %) kriteria kurang 0 (0 %). Perilaku melapor pada tenaga kesehatan 49 orang (75 %) melaporkan semua kejadian 16 orang (25 %) melaporkan sebagian. Uji statistik dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05 di dapatkan hasil X2 hitung 3.790.899. Sedangkan X2 tabel chi square sebesar 3.481 maka ho ditolak dan ha diterima. Ada hubungan pengetahuan kader tentang deteksi dini resiko tinggi ibu hamil dengan perilaku melapor dengan kekuatan hubungan 0,234749.Dari hasil penelitian berdasarkan jawaban dan perilaku melapor bahwa pengetahuan kader berpengaruh secara signifikansi (rendah/lemah tapi pasti) terhadap perilaku kader dalam melaporkan deteksi dini resiko tinggi ibu hamil. Untuk itu perlu di pertahankan dan di tingkatkan lagi sehingga tidak ada ibu hamil resiko tinggi yang tidak terdeteksi. Kata kunci :  Pengetahuan, Kader Melapor, Deteksi Dini Resiko Tinggi Ibu Hamil
Rare Coexistence of a Cerebellar Hemangioblastoma and Angiomatosis of the Breast without Underlying Phakomatosis
Authors: Wegner Urszula , Balschat Sabine , Decker Thomas , Ryan Anthony G.
Published: April 2019

Angiomatosis of the breast is an unusual benign vascular process which may affect middle aged women and simulate carcinoma. We report a unique case of a female patient with cerebellar hemangioblastoma and coexisting breast angiomatosis. We discuss the neuroradiology and breast imaging, illustrating the diagnostic pearls and pitfalls in the setting of this extremely uncommon combination. A 50-year old patient with a history of right-sided cerebellar hemangioblastoma resection 10 years previously presented with a recurrent left sided palpable breast mass. She was referred for triple breast assessment and subsequent ultrasound-guided biopsy. On physical examination, the lesion was hypoechoic, ill-defined and located in the upper outer quadrant as are most breast malignancies. Ultrasound and mammography showed suspicious features. The ipsilateral axilla was normal. Histopathology revealed a diagnosis of breast angiomatosis with no evidence of associated malignancy. Vascular tumors of the breast are very rare, present diagnostic challenges and are prone to local recurrence. Complete excision with clear margins is recommended. Mastectomy is a consideration for diffuse disease that cannot be fully cleared with lumpectomy or Wide local excision. Cerebellar hemangioblastoma and breast angiomatosis is a very unique combination, particularly in the absence of an underlying phacomatosis. Radiological features of angiomatosis mimicking malignancy without pathognomonic imaging signs have been observed. Knowledge of these rare vascular breast tumors is key to making this unusual diagnosis and helps to reduce the number of radical surgical procedures.
ZIF-8 Degrades in Cell Media, Serum, and Some—But Not All—Common Laboratory Buffers
Authors: Luzuriaga Michael A. , Benjamin Candace , Gaertner Michael W. , Lee Hamilton , Herbert Fabian C. , Mallick Snipta , Gassensmith Jeremiah J.
Published: April 2019

The emergence of drug delivery using water stable metal-organic frameworks has elicited a lot of interest in their biocompatibility. However, few studies have been conducted on their stability in common buffers, cell media, and blood proteins. For these studies, single crystal ZIF-8 approximately 1 um in diameter were synthesized, incubated with common laboratory buffers, cell media, and serum, and then characterized by PXRD, IR, DLS, and SEM. Time-resolved SEM and PXRD demonstrate that buffers containing phosphate and bicarbonate alter the appearance and composition of ZIF-8. Further, blood proteins in serum dissolve ZIF-8, causing trapped biomolecules to escape. The study presented here suggests that ZIF-8 can undergo dramatic surface chemistry changes that may affect the interpretation of cellular uptake and cargo release data. On the other hand, it provides a rational explanation as to how ZIF-8 neatly dissolves in vivo.
Multiscale Simulations of Singlet and Triplet Exciton Dynamics in Disordered Molecular Systems based on Many-Body Green’s Functions Theory
Authors: Wehner Jens , Baumeier Björn
Published: April 2019

We present a multiscale model based on Many-Body Green’s Function Theory in the GW approximation and the Bethe-Salpeter Equation (GW-BSE) for the simulation singlet and triplet exciton transport in molecular materials. Dynamics of coupled electron-hole pairs is modeled as a sequence of incoherent tunneling and decay events in a disordered morphology obtained at room temperature from Molecular Dynamics. The ingredients of the rates associated to the events, i.e., reorganization energies, site energies, lifetimes, and coupling elements, are determined from a combination of GW-BSE and classical polarizable force field techniques. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations were then employed to evaluate dynamical properties such as the excitonic diffusion tensor and diffusion lengths. Using DCV5T-Me(3,3), a crystalline organic semiconductor, we demonstrate how this multiscale approach provides insight into the fundamental factors driving the transport processes.Comparing the results obtained with different calculation models, we investigate in particular the effects of charge-transfer mediated high exciton coupling and the influence of internal site energy disorder due to conformational variations. We show that a small number of high coupling elements indicative of delocalized exciton states does not impact the overall dynamics perceptively. Molecules with energies in the tail of the excitonic density of states dominate singlet decay, independent of the level of disorder taken into account in the simulation. Overall, our approach yields singlet diffusion lengths on the order of 10 nm as expected for disordered molecular materials.
Room-Temperature Chemical Synthesis of C2
Authors: Miyamoto Kazunori , Narita Shodai , Masumoto Yui , Hashishin Takahiro , Kimura Mutsumi , Ochiai Masahito , Uchiyama Masanobu
Published: April 2019

Diatomic carbon (C2) is historically an elusive chemical species. It has long been believed that the generation of C2 requires extremely high “physical” energy, such as an electric carbon arc or multiple photon excitation, and so it has been the general consensus that the inherent nature of C2 in the ground state is experimentally inaccessible. Here, we present the first “chemical” synthesis of C2 in a flask at room temperature or below, providing the first experimental evidence to support theoretical predictions that (1) C2 has a singlet biradical character with a quadruple bond, thus settling a long-standing controversy between experimental and theoretical chemists, and that (2) C2 serves as a molecular element in the formation of sp2-carbon allotropes such as graphite, carbon nanotubes and C60.
Dyes@BNNT Nanohybrids for Photostable Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Allard Charlotte , Nascimento Raffaela , Fossard Frederic , Schué Leonard , Flahaut Emmanuel , Loiseau Annick , Desjardins Patrick , Martel Richard , Gaufres Etienne
Published: April 2019

Fluorescence is ubiquitous in life science and used in broad fields of research going from ecology to medicine. Among the most common fluorogenic compounds, dyes are being exploited in bioimaging for their outstanding optical properties across a broad range of wavelengths from the UV to the near-IR. However, dye molecules are often toxic to living organisms and photodegradable, giving limited time windows for in vivo monitoring. By encapsulating organic dyes inside a boron nitride nanotube (dyes@BNNT), we achieve a passivation of the dyes against photodegradation and chemical reaction. The dyes@BNNT nanohybrids contain aggregated and ordered dyes exhibiting strong photoluminescence with signal remaining stable and exempt of blinking over a time scale of more than 10^4 compared to free dyes. Our results also suggest reduced toxicity and exceptional chemical robustness even in harsh environments. The use of these 1D dyes@BNNT nanohybrids as fluorescence nanoprobes in bio-imaging is highlighted with in-vivo monitoring experiments on living Daphnia Pulex.
Iron Detection and Remediation with a Functionalized Porous Polymer Applied to Environmental Water Samples
Authors: Lee Sumin , Uliana Adam , Taylor Mercedes , Chakarawet Khetpakorn , Bandaru Siva , Gul Sheraz , Xu Jun , Ackerman Cheri , Chatterjee Ruchira , Furukawa Hiroyasu , Reimer Jeffrey A. , Yano Junko , Gadgil Ashok , Long Gary , Grandjean Fernande , Long Jeffrey R. , Chang Christopher
Published: April 2019

Iron is one of the most abundant elements in the environment and in the human body. As an essential nutrient, iron homeostasis is tightly regulated, and iron dysregulation is implicated in numerous pathologies, including neuro-degenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. Endogenous iron pool concentrations are directly linked to iron ion uptake from environmental sources such as drinking water, providing motivation for developing new technologies for assessing iron(II) and iron(III) levels in water. However, conventional methods for measuring aqueous iron pools remain laborious and costly and often require sophisticated equipment and/or additional processing steps to remove the iron ions from the original environmental source. We now report a simplified and accurate chemical platform for capturing and quantifying the iron present in aqueous samples through use of a post-synthetically modified porous aromatic framework (PAF). The ether/thioether-functionalized network polymer, PAF-1-ET, exhibits high selectivity for the uptake of iron(II) and iron(III) over other physiologically and environmentally relevant metal ions. Mössbauer spectroscopy, XANES, and EXAFS measurements provide evidence to support iron(III) coordination to oxygen-based ligands within the material. The polymer is further successfully employed to adsorb and remove iron ions from groundwater, including field sources in West Bengal, India. Combined with an 8-hydroxyquinoline colorimetric indicator, PAF-1-ET enables the simple and direct determination of the iron(II) and iron(III) ion concentrations in these samples, providing a starting point for the design and use of molecularly-functionalized porous materials for potential dual detection and remediation applications.