bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HOMO LITURGICUS:
Authors: Francisco Dênis Júlio Pereira
Published: June 2021

Este artigo trata da investigação filosófica acerca da natureza e essência do homem, uma vez que essa investigação é um pressuposto básico para qualquer outra reflexão filosófica. Para tanto, os modelos reducionistas de Antropologia filosófica defendidos, em geral, pela academia e pela igreja, segundo a tradição reformada são apresentados. Esta escolha se justifica pelo conflito criado entre a ciência, representada pelas universidades, e a fé, representada pela igreja, as quais se distinguem, principalmente, no pensar e no crer respectivamente. Outrossim, como alternativa não reducionista, propõe-se uma definição do homem segundo a Palavra-Revelada, que considera o centro real da existência humana e as relações centrais ordenadas por Deus na criação. Com isso, concluiu-se que a essência do ser humano e a sua orientação primordial em relação ao mundo ocorre primordialmente pelo coração (homo liturgicus), o qual pode ser conduzido por uma direção apóstata, devido aos efeitos do pecado, mas que, somente junto as relações centrais ordenadas por Deus, ele proporciona ao homem um autoconhecimento verdadeiro.  Para tanto, este trabalho desenvolveu-se a partir de uma pesquisa pura e dedutiva, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática de trabalhos publicados em revistas científicas e livros que tratam sobre o tema em questão.
ASSISTÊNCIA SOCIAL E RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL DA IGREJA
Authors: Assis Maria Cristina de , Clemente Maria Elisabeth Ribeiro
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho se propõe a apresentar um breve panorama histórico sobre como o chamado à misericórdia feito por Jesus Cristo vem sendo entendido pelos cristãos ao longo dos séculos. Trata-se de uma questão que vem ocasionando intensos debates entre cristãos, em decorrência de entendimentos diferentes em relação ao que é prioritário na missão da igreja de Cristo. A pesquisa revela três entendimentos principais: os que defendem a prioridade da evangelização, os que concebem que a evangelização deve ser acompanhada de responsabilidade social e ainda os que consideram a evangelização e a responsabilidade social são complementares, sem que haja prioridade entre elas. Discute-se o conceito de responsabilidade social da Igreja, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, de cunho histórico.
ENGRENAGEM MISSIONAL
Authors: LEAL HIGOR RODRIGUES
Published: June 2021

Na medida em que a igreja existe para pregar o evangelho e ser agência do Reino de Deus na terra, os valores e princípios do Reino precisam brotar no seio da igreja para abençoar as comunidades locais, de modo a sinalizar uma pátria celestial vindoura onde justiça e equidade emanam do trono de Deus sobre os seus filhos e filhas. Por isso, a igreja não pode caminhar de qualquer forma. Pensar e encarar a igreja como uma organização que precisa de planejamento e controle, não retira o caráter espiritual dela, antes a solidifica e impulsiona a atuar de forma segura e coordenada no alcance de sua missão. O apóstolo Paulo procurava estabelecer nas igrejas plantadas uma identidade apostólico doutrinária, sustentada sob o senhorio de Cristo, o cabeça da Igreja. Apesar da simplicidade orgânica, as igrejas fundadas pelo apóstolo não eram desorganizadas. Sua organização era essencial e submissa à revelação de Deus, com forte identidade e uma poderosa consciência de ser o novo “povo de Deus”, com o objetivo de glorificar ao Pai e alcançar o mundo.
A DOUTRINA DA RESISTÊNCIA AO ESTADO NO PENSAMENTO DO REFORMADOR JOÃO CALVINO
Authors: PAZ ANDERSON BARBOSA
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo estudar a doutrina da resistência ao Estado no pensamento do reformador João Calvino (1509-1564). O reformador francês foi fundamental para o desenvolvimento e consolidação da doutrina de resistência aos tiranos. Essa doutrina teve sua origem nos debates luteranos sobre a legitimidade dos cristãos resistirem aos governantes que se tornassem tiranos. Com o tempo, alguns calvinistas passaram a debatê-la e desenvolvê-la. Contudo, foi o próprio Calvino que deu passos fundamentais nessa discussão por meio de exceções à doutrina da resistência passiva. A discussão sobre a legitimidade de agentes privados ou magistrados populares resistirem aos imperadores em uma sociedade cristã no início da era moderna possibilitou uma das grandes aberturas da modernidade para a diminuição da força do Estado e para a consolidação da liberdade religiosa. Percebem-se ambiguidades no pensamento de Calvino sobre a doutrina da resistência ao Estado. Isso atesta que Calvino era um reformador preocupado com seu contexto imediato de ameaças que a igreja sofria por parte da ação de governantes.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PENGGUNA KREDIT YANG IDENTITASNYA DIGUNAKAN ORANG LAIN DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1999
Authors: Purwandi Agustri
Published: June 2021

Humans are social creatures, which means that humans like to hang out and live in groups, so that in this relationship the identity of each individual or group facilitates relationships. Not only that, identity has an important role for the continuation of an agreement, with identity, the parties can know and know each other so that the agreement to be agreed is carried out properly. Especially for credit agreements where identity is the main condition that becomes the reference for receiving credit applications. The agreement that has been carried out and reached the agreement is valid as a law for the parties making it, so that in the legal relationship there are rights and obligations to be fulfilled and protected by each other. The purpose of this research is to find out how the legal protection of credit users whose identities are used by others and to find out the legal strength of the agreements that have been agreed by the parties before the credit is granted. This writing is done by examining primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Based on the results of this writing, a person whose identity has been borrowed to get credit is entitled to his rights according to the provisions of the Consumer Protection Law in article 4 because the owner of the identity is listed as a consumer in a banking institution after the agreement is signed which is legally binding in accordance with Article 1338 of the Criminal Code, if that declare that the agreement is not under pressure or incitement from other parties, so that the agreement does not violate decency, public order and law.Keywords: Legal Protection; Credit Users; Identity.
PENGARUH KREATIVITAS DAN INOVASI TERHADAP KEWIRAUSAHAAN UMKM FOOD COURT
Authors: Rochmatulaili Eny , Suyanto Suyanto , Rahman Muhammad Alif
Published: June 2021

From various aspects, the role of MSMEs in the national economy involves the government in formulating the Development Program in the National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN). The 2004-2009 RPJMN emphasizes a program to develop a business support system for MSMEs and a program for developing entrepreneurship and competitiveness. This concerns the formation of business behavior to achieve a more successful or successful performance and structure of micro, small and medium enterprises.According to Widayatun "Creativity is the ability to solve problems, which gives individuals creating original / adaptive ideas their full usefulness function to develop".Keywords: Creativity; UMKM; RPJMN.
On the position of subjects in Spanish: Evidence from code-switching
Authors: Hoot Bradley , Ebert Shane
Published: June 2021

Some languages have a fixed subject position, while others are more flexible. Languages like English require pre-verbal subjects; languages like Spanish allow subjects in postverbal position. Because this difference clusters with several linguistic properties distinguishing the two languages, subjects in Spanish and English have been a perennial issue in linguistic theory, touching central problems like the EPP, the nature of cross-linguistic variation, and the relationship between core functional heads. Our project contributes a novel source of evidence to these debates: Spanish/English code-switching. Code-switching, the use of two languages in one utterance, combines the languages’ lexical items and their attendant syntactic features in a single derivation. Because code-switching, like all natural language, is rule-governed, researchers can exploit judgments about the well-formedness of code-switched sentences to draw conclusions about the combinations of features they represent. We report on a formal judgment experiment testing subject position in Spanish/English code-switching as a function of the presence of two functional heads known (from monolingual evidence) to affect subject placement: the C(omplementizer) and T(ense) heads. By manipulating which head appears in which language, we test the availability of post-verbal subjects under different feature combinations. Our results show that post-verbal subjects are only available when both C and T are in Spanish; neither Spanish head alone is sufficient. This finding suggests that the features regulating subject position stem from neither head alone, which is problematic for traditional approaches to the EPP as a feature of T but in line with other recent research on null subjects.
Satisfacción de los pacientes con el servicio de atención psicológica de una clínica universitaria
Authors: Chacón Andrade Edgardo René , Lobos Rivera Marlon Elías , Flores Monterrosa Angélica Nohemy , De Orellana Ana Lorena
Published: June 2021

Introducción. Durante la pandemia por la COVID-19, la salud mental de los salvadoreños se vio afectada por diversas razones. Algunas personas que manifiestan malestar de índole psicológico, buscan atención en una clínica especializada en salud mental, por ello, es importante verificar la satisfacción del paciente al recibir el servicio y valorar la percepción en relación al terapeuta que ejerce su labor en dicha clínica. Objetivo. Evaluar la satisfacción de los pacientes con el servicio de una clínica de atención psicológica universitaria en El Salvador. Metodología. Estudio transversal analítico y retrospectivo; el tipo de muestreo fue no probabilístico de tipo intencionado. Se evaluaron a 199 pacientes. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta digital aplicada en un formulario de Google. Resultados. La mayor parte de los participantes fueron mujeres (77,1%). La media de edad general fue de 26,5 años. El 68 % habían recibido más de 5 consultas en la clínica. La depresión y la ansiedad como el motivo frecuente (36,5 %), seguido de los problemas interpersonales y la baja autoestima (35,2 %). Los pacientes están satisfechos con los servicios que brinda la clínica de psicología (≥ 95 %). El nivel de satisfacción se basa en la amabilidad y el manejo brindado por el terapeuta. No existen diferencias estadísticas en la satisfacción del paciente en función del género, edad y el número de consultas recibidas. Conclusión. Los pacientes se sienten satisfechos con el servicio que han recibido en la clínica de psicología.
Muestra de saliva para diagnóstico de SARS-CoV-2 por RT-qPCR en población ambulatoria
Authors: Pérez Carlos Ortega , Rivera Noé Rigoberto , Sandoval López Xochitl , Hernández Ávila Carlos Enrique
Published: June 2021

Introducción. En El Salvador a la fecha, la técnica utilizada por el sistema nacional de salud para la obtención de la muestra para realizar PCR para SARS-CoV-2 es hisopado nasofaríngeo, diferentes investigadores han descrito la muestra de saliva como una muestra biológica útil para la detección de SARS-Cov-2, por esta razón se observa la oportunidad de aplicarla como una alternativa disponible para el diagnóstico de esta enfermedad. Objetivo. Evaluar la autotoma de muestra de saliva y secreción nasofaríngea por pacientes no hospitalizados como una alternativa de menor riesgo biológico y de menor costo que los hisopados nasofaríngeos convencionales. Metodología. Se procesaron las muestras de una mezcla de saliva y secreción faríngea obtenida por carraspeo autotomada por el paciente; la amplificación se realizó por RT-qPCR de los genes E y RdRp. Las muestras positivas se reevaluaron desde su extracción para confirmar la estabilidad de material genético de SARS-CoV-2 en la saliva y secreción nasofaríngea. Resultados. El promedio de resultados positivos por cada 100 pruebas fue de 7,05 por cada 100 pruebas COVID-19 realizadas con hisopado, este resultado es similar al 8 % de positividad durante el mismo período de estudio utilizando como muestra saliva y secreción faríngea autotomada por el paciente. Las ocho muestras positivas mantuvieron su reactividad para los genes E y RdRp al primer, tercer y quinto mes posdiagnóstico inicial para los dos protocolos utilizados. De igual forma, los eluidos de ARN positivos iniciales se mantuvieron positivos al primer, tercer y quinto mes. Conclusión. La muestra de saliva y secreción faríngea y su utilización para el diagnóstico de infección por SARS-CoV-2 podría ser una alternativa de bajo costo, no invasiva, al menos de igual utilidad que el hisopado nasofaríngeo para el estudio de población sintomática ambulatoria o con exposición a nivel comunitario.
Recomendaciones para la atención odontológica según el riesgo de infección por COVID-19
Authors: Pérez Siciliano Ana Lourdes , Escobar de González Wendy Yesenia , Aguirre Escobar Guillermo Alfonso , Aguirre de Rodríguez Katleen Argentina , Rivas Cartagena Francisco José , Pérez Rodas Ester Abigail
Published: June 2021

El SARS-CoV-2 es el séptimo betacoronavirus que infecta a la especie humana. Este se caracteriza por una alta transmisibilidad y relativa baja letalidad. La enfermedad se manifiesta, en la mayor parte de la población, de forma leve y aumenta la probabilidad de severidad y letalidad en adultos mayores de 65 años, con enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles previas, como diabetes, hipertensión arterial, enfermedades respiratorias y obesidad. En este artículo de revisión se presentan parámetros con base en la evidencia científica, que guíen al odontólogo en la toma de decisiones, para la atención odontológica y limitar el riesgo de infección cruzada en el marco del estado actual de pandemia por COVID-19. La llamada o video llamada constituye la primera elección para realizar el triaje, previo a asignar una cita, ya que permite clasificar el riesgo de infección por COVID-19 de un paciente y establecer el nivel de prioridad de tratamiento. El algoritmo para la toma de decisiones en clínicas odontológicas durante el período de emergencia por COVID 19, debe constituirse en una recomendación que los odontólogos que atienden pacientes pongan en práctica. Por cuanto, permite clasificar el riesgo de infección y letalidad del paciente, definiendo los tratamientos en electivos, de urgencia o emergencia.
Interobserver agreement for detecting Hill-Sachs lesions on magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Alkaduhimi Hassanin , Saarig Aïmane , Amajjar Ihsan , Linde Just A. van der , Wier Marieke F. van , Willigenburg Nienke W. , Bekerom Michel P.J. van den ,   Shoulder and elbow center
Published: June 2021

Background: Our aim is to determine the interobserver reliability for surgeons to detect Hill-Sachs lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the certainty of judgement, and the effects of surgeon characteristics on agreement. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with Hill-Sachs lesions or other lesions with a similar appearance on MRIs were presented to 20 surgeons without any patient characteristics. The surgeons answered questions on the presence of Hill-Sachs lesions and the certainty of diagnosis. Interobserver agreement was assessed using the Fleiss’ kappa (κ) and percentage of agreement. Agreement between surgeons was compared using a technique similar to the pairwise t-test for means, based on large-sample linear approximation of Fleiss' kappa, with Bonferroni correction. Results: The agreement between surgeons in detecting Hill-Sachs lesions on MRI was fair (69% agreement; κ, 0.304; p<0.001). In 84% of the cases, surgeons were certain or highly certain about the presence of a Hill-Sachs lesion. Conclusions: Although surgeons reported high levels of certainty for their ability to detect Hill-Sachs lesions, there was only a fair amount of agreement between surgeons in detecting Hill-Sachs lesions on MRI. This indicates that clear criteria for defining Hill-Sachs lesions are lacking, which hampers accurate diagnosis and can compromise treatment.
The best options in superior capsular reconstruction
Authors: Kim Dong Hyun , Jung Young Soo , Kim Kyung-Rock , Yoon Jong Pil
Published: June 2021

Irreparable massive rotator cuff tears cause pain, loss of function, and a decrease in range of motion, which cause serious disturbances in daily life. Young patients, in particular, are active and have relatively high functional requirements, and their surgical options are limited. Superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) was first proposed for irreparable massive rotator cuff tears, good clinical results have been reported in short-term follow up. Since then, SCR has been used increasingly worldwide for irreparable massive rotator cuff tears, and various studies have been published on clinical outcomes, biomechanical outcomes, surgical techniques, and graft types. This article reviews the optimal graft and surgical options for improving clinical outcomes in SCR.
The Interplay of Competition and Cooperation in the Innovation Process Between Established Organizations and Startups
Authors: Mail Maicon Scaravonatto , Verschoore Jorge Renato , Monticelli Jefferson Marlon
Published: June 2021

This study aims to analyze the dynamic process of coopetition between an established organization and startups to develop innovation. We conducted an exploratory, qualitative study, based on Grounded Theory. The Grounded Theory allows the development of a theory emerging from data that is simultaneously collected and analyzed, determining the categories to observe the core questions. It can be divided into two stages: initial coding (open and axial coding) and focused coding. In the open coding, are defined categories and subcategories that are reviewed in the axial coding to generate more precise explanations? Along with the focused coding, the data organized from initial coding is categorized for an analytical understanding of the phenomena. In the first stage, we conducted eight semi-structured interviews with a homogeneous sample. An interview guide addressing coopetition factors was developed. As a result, we developed a framework from the theoretical background. This framework was evaluated by three executives and professors with experience in coopetition between large corporations and startups. The snowball technique was used to recruit the participants. Our findings reveal that different factors – market increase, strategic alignment, and technological alignment – are associated. We observed that coopetition not only helps in developing new markets but also in understanding the user demands of these markets. Thus, coopetition is an accelerator of innovation, since it allows the identification of the resource complementarity and technological scale gains.
Integrated Wellington region land transport resilience study
Authors: Brabhaharan Pathmanathan
Published: June 2021

Wellington region’s transport network has poor resilience to natural hazards, given the rugged terrain, high seismicity and wet climate.  This exposes the land access to the region and the capital city to be potentially cut off from the rest of New Zealand for several months, and its cities to be isolated from each other. 

This paper reports on a pioneering integrated resilience study of the entire land transport system in the region provided by the state highways, principal and arterial local roads and the railway system.  The study considered resilience risks from a range of natural hazards (earthquake, storm and tsunami) using the metrics of availability and outage. The resilience risks and the relative importance of the routes were used to assess the criticality of these risks for future investment in resilience enhancement.  The criticality also considered risks to other lifeline utilities - power, water and telecommunications that share these transport corridors. The combined criticality was used to prioritise these resilience risks. The highest criticality resilience risks were classified into extreme, very high and high levels. The extreme criticality risks identified were the state highway between Ngauranga and Petone and the adjacent Ngauranga interchange between the two State Highways 1 and 2, which together provide access between Wellington, Hutt and Porirua cities. A range of very high risks were identified across the region which included both state highways and local roads.  This novel resilience study provided the basis for a subsequent business case for future investment to enhance the resilience of the region’s transport network.
English Language Teaching, Vol. 14, No. 6, June 2021
Authors: Yu Gavin
Published: June 2021

English Language Teaching, Vol. 14, No. 6, June 2021
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Psychological Studies, Vol. 13, No. 2
Authors: Sun Barbara
Published: June 2021

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Psychological Studies, Vol. 13, No. 2
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Learning, Vol. 10, No. 3
Authors: Lin Grace
Published: June 2021

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Learning, Vol. 10, No. 3, 2021
SafeGuard: A Web-Based Application to Guard Against Cyberbullying
Authors: Wyne Mudasser F. , Sood Jigyasaa , Kempton Christopher , Dao Thuyet
Published: June 2021

In this day and age there is a consistent rise in the usage of social media amongst all age groups thus, more people have established an online presence that makes these users more susceptible to becoming a target of cyberbullying. SafeGuard is a web-based application that monitors social media accounts and detects critical keywords such as “hurt”, “die”, etc., and phrases to detect cyberbullying threats and emotional distress in a person’s social media post. Once a monitor discovers a match, an alert is generated for the end user in which they can initiate human intervention. This application is a new strategy for academic institution that allows them to be proactive rather than reactive against cyberbullying.
Climate Change and the Vulnerability of Germany’s Power Sector to Heat and Drought
Authors: Golub Alexander , Govorukha Kristina , Mayer Philip , Rübbelke Dirk
Published: June 2021

The effects of extreme weather events and the resilience of the energy sector have become the subject of regulatory initiatives and ongoing research. We demonstrate the vulnerability of the German power sector to climate change and provide a qualitative and quantitative analysis of emerging risks from two types of extreme weather events: droughts and high temperatures. Our analysis is based on datasets covering temperature and drought data for the last 40 years. We present evidence of a higher frequency of power plant outages as a consequence of droughts and high temperatures. To characterize the vulnerability of the power sector we develop a capacity-adjusted drought index. The results are used to assess the monetary loss of power plant outages due to heatwaves and droughts and losses to consumers due to higher wholesale electricity prices and price volatility. An increasing frequency of such extreme weather events will aggravate the observed problem.
A MANY VARIABLE GENERALIZATION OF THE DISCRETE HARDY'S INEQUALITY
Authors: HWANG DAH-YAN
Published: June 2021

In the present note we establish the discrete Hardy's inequalities in many variables. The main tools used for deriving the inequalities are base on the Fubini's theorem and some application of the fundamental inequalities.
SOME PROPERTIES OF FIBONACCI LANGUGAES
Authors: FAN CHENG-MING , SHYR H. J.
Published: June 2021

Two particular types of Fibonacci languages $F_{a, b}^1=\{a, b, ab, bab, abbab, \cdots \}$ and $F_{a, b}^0=\{a, b, ba, bab, babba, \cdots \}$

were defined on the free monoid $X^*$ generated by the alphabet $X = \{a, b\}$. In this paper we investigate some algebraic properties of these two types of Fibonacci languages. We show that a general Fi­bonacci language is a homomorphical image of either $F_{a, b}^1$ or $F_{a, b}^0$. We also study the properties of Fibonacci language related to formal language theory and codes We obtained the facts that every Fibonacci word is a primitive word and for any $u \in X^+$, $u^4$ is not a subword of any words in both $F_{a, b}^1$ and $F_{a, b}^0$.
A NOTE ON A FIXED POINT PROPERTY FOR METRIC PROJECTIONS
Authors: EL-SAYED WAGDY GOMAA
Published: June 2021

The paper contains a partial answer to a question r邳 ied recently by S. P. Singh concerning the existence of fixed points of metric projections
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra (Linnaeus, 1753)) roots aqueous extract
and some additives against Bactrocera zonata (Saunders, 1841) (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: El-Genaidy Mervat Abdel-Moneauim Mostafa , Hindy Mohamed Abd El-Aziz Mohamed , Soliman Nehad Abdel-Hameed
Published: June 2021

Peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders, 1841) is a destructive polyphagous pest threatening the horticultural production in Egypt. Licorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra (Linnaeus, 1753) is a plant growing in Egypt and many other countries and famous for saponins groups that have insecticidal effect against broad spectrum of insect pests. In the present study, the insecticidal effect of licorice roots aqueous extract (LRAE), petroleum oil, KZ light mineral oil 96% (EC), water and an emulsion (1/4 L LRAE + ¼ L petroleum oil + ½ L KZ light oil 96% (EC)) treatments in a ratio 1 L: 29 L water were used in Matabi® sprayer of 30 L capacity against B. zonata pupae in sandy and clay soils. In sandy and clay soils LRAE reduced B. zonata population by 74.44% and 87.55% while petroleum oil, KZ light mineral oil 96% (EC) prevented flies emergence (100% reduction). Water treatment suppressed B. zonata population by 78.61% in sandy soil but caused 100% population reduction in clay soil. The emulsion reduced B. zonata population by 96.94% in sandy soil and 100% in clay soil. The best method for application of the emulsion was to spray as one target spray technique for eight seconds that was sufficient to obtain suitable coverage on soil with spray speed 1.2 km / hour. The persistence of the emulsion that highly reduced B. zonata larval populations was 3.5 and 4.5 days in sandy and clay soils, respectively. The flies emerged from B. zonata pupae treated with the emulsion neither feed nor move naturally. The histological studies showed that these flies suffered changes in the eyes, labellum, muscles and midgut tissues that were different from the emerged control treatment flies.
Editorial
Authors: Kochan Andrzej
Published: June 2021

Dear Readers,
Six months ago, the idea of a special issue of the WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering dedicated to the current trend in the railway industry, which is generally referred to as "digitisation of railways", was conceived. Today we have a complete booklet consisting of eight articles dedicated to various aspects of Digital Railway. I would like to take this opportunity to thank all the Authors who have put in the effort to prepare interesting articles. These works are, above all, an expression of passion for a digital view of the railway.
Encouraging you to participate in this project, I wrote that the Polish railway is currently undergoing dynamic transformations, where one of the threads is the implementation, on the railway network, of traffic control devices made in computer technology on all important railway lines. They form a digital platform for the ERTMS system which, in addition to interoperability which is crucial for the development of Europe, will, thanks to the functionality of Automatic Train Control, enable further development of rail traffic control automation, contributing to a change in railway into a more effective, easily accessible and environmentally friendly means of transport for all.
These words are still relevant, and the presented plans for the development of the Polish railway only confirm that they will not lose their relevance. In this issue of WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering we can find interesting articles devoted to the issue of the digital design of the railway traffic control system, in which the scope of the digitalization process, standardization of digital interfaces in these systems and automation of the creation of design documentation of the dependent devices are considered. You can also find a text devoted to the formal foundations of cyber security, which should be taken care of in the created ICT structures of railway traffic control. Another is a group of items devoted to technical solutions related to automatic driving of railway vehicles, including the ERTMS/ETCS system, for which I presented the concept of the Digital Twin in an article of my own authorship. These proposals are complemented by considerations including mathematical models allowing optimization of train movement with respect to selected criteria.
Once again I would like to thank the authors for their efforts. I invite the readers to read and I promise that the subject of digital railways will appear more and more often in various versions, also in future issues of our periodical.
Biographical Method as a Challenge for the Educator and a Social Worker
Authors: Szymaniak Jadwiga
Published: June 2021

The article presents a biographical method that gives hope to get to know the people we want to help better in times when we often observe
signs of aggression and self-aggression, especially among young people, lack of proper relations, also between generations. Reflecting on conversations,
improving communication and building competences in this area – this is an important task for teachers, educators of various specialties and social workers.
White Striping and Wooden Breast Myopathies in the Poultry Industry: An Overview of Changes in the Skin, Bone Tissue and Intestinal Microbiota and Their Economic Impact
Authors: Reghiany Pedrão Mayka , Martins de Souza Rafaele , Louvandini Helder , Louvandini Patricia , Barreiro de Souza Roberta , de Morais Leite Natália , Augusto Garcia Coró Fábio
Published: June 2021

Considerable advances in the poultry industry have been observed in the last sixty years. Consequently, new technological and biological processes have accompanied the development of animals and inputs. With these new possibilities and growth in the sector, there was also the emergence of new paradigms, one of which being the different types of myopathies. In the poultry industry, the breast is one of the noble parts and, therefore, a lot has been studied about the occurrences, alterations and/or different myopathies that alter its quality characteristics. Here we will highlight White striping (WS) and Wooden breast (WB), both investigated more recently due to changes in quality characteristics and considerable losses. The objectives of this review will be to discuss the biochemical parameters of these meats affected by myopathies WS and WB and their consequences on the development of skin, bone and intestinal microbiota lesions; correlate with the impacts of these occurrences to economic losses associated with partial and total condemnations of the carcasses. Another approach is that fast-growing animals have a drop in their quality of life, impacting the well-being of birds since the inflammatory process and excess weight have a direct correlation with dermatitis, corns, arthritis and other comorbidities.
Benefits of Barley Grain in Animal and Human Diets
Authors: Badea Ana , Wijekoon Champa
Published: June 2021

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L) is one of the major cereal grains grown in temperate countries and ranked globally as the fourth largest grain crop. Currently, it is produced in more than 100 countries around the world with a global production of approximatively 159 million tonnes and 51 million hectares in 2019. The production and value-added barley products impact breweries, food processors, feed mills, and livestock operations. Barley grain is used primarily as an energy and protein source in beef cattle diets and as a malt source for alcoholic beverages, especially in the beer industry. Also, barley is used in bread, soups, stews, and health products since the barley grain is rich in several health-boosting components. As such, barley is high in protein, fibre, vitamins and natural bioactive antioxidants such as phenolics and lipids. However the studies of bioactive and nutritional properties of barley and the utilization of the crop as a functional food in animal and human diet is still limited. The work herein provides a review covering world production, end-use and processing, nutritional attributes, and will advocate its potential as a functional food for animal and human health and its role in preventing some chronic diseases.
Genetics and Mutational Landscape of Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors
Authors: Nguyen Trang , Minh Tran Trang , Shen Choo Yee , Alexiadis Maria , J. Fuller Peter , Chu Simon
Published: June 2021

Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors (SCST) are uncommon tumors accounting for approximately 8% of all ovarian malignancies. By far, the most common are granulosa cell tumors (GCT) which represent approximately 90% of SCST. SCST are also found in the hereditary syndromes: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome, and DICER1 syndrome. Key genomic and genetic events contributing to their pathogenesis have been the focus of recent studies. Most of the genomic studies have been limited to GCT which have identified a number of recurring chromosomal abnormalities (monosomy and trisomy), although their contribution to pathogenesis remains unclear. Recurrent DICER1 mutations are reported in non-hereditary cases of Sertoli cell and Sertoli–Leydig cell tumors (SLCT), while recurrent somatic mutations in both the juvenile (jGCT) and adult forms of GCT (aGCT) have also been reported. Approximately 30% of jGCT contain a somatic mutation in the gsp oncogene, while a further 60% have activating mutations or duplications in the AKT gene. For aGCT, a well characterized mutation in the FOXL2 transcription factor (FOXL2 C134W) is found in the majority of tumors (primary and recurrent), arguably defining the disease. A further mutation in the human telomerase promoter appears to be an important driver for recurrent disease in aGCT. However, despite several studies involving next generation sequencing, the molecular events that determine the stage, behavior and prognosis of aGCT still remain to be determined. Further, there is a need for these studies to be expanded to other SCST in order to identify potential targets for personalized medicine.
Response Surface Methodology Applied to the Optimization of Phenolic Compound Extraction from Brassica
Authors: Reungoat Valentin , Chadni Morad , Ioannou Irina
Published: June 2021

The response surface methodology (RSM) is a relevant mathematical and statistical tool for process optimization. A state of the art on the optimization of the extraction of phenolic compounds from Brassica has shown that this approach is not sufficiently used. The reason for this is certainly an apparent complexity in comparison with the implementation of a one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) optimization. The objective of this chapter is to show how one implement the response surface methodology in a didactic way on a case study: the extraction of sinapine from mustard bran. Using this approach, prediction models have been developed and validated to predict the sinapine content extracted as well as the purity of the extract in sinapine. The methodology presented in this chapter can be reproduced on any other application in the field of process engineering.
Molecular Mechanisms and Targets of Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP) in Vascular Smooth Muscles
Authors: Fajmut Aleš
Published: June 2021

Molecular mechanisms and targets of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) accounting for vascular smooth muscles (VSM) contractility are reviewed. Mathematical models of five published mechanisms are presented, and four novel mechanisms are proposed. cGMP, which is primarily produced by the nitric oxide (NO) dependent soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), activates cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). The NO/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway targets are the mechanisms that regulate cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) signaling and those implicated in the Ca2+-desensitization of the contractile apparatus. In addition to previous mathematical models of cGMP-mediated molecular mechanisms targeting [Ca2+]i regulation, such as large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BKCa), Ca2+-dependent Cl− channels (ClCa), Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX), Na+/K+/Cl− cotransport (NKCC), and Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), other four novel mechanisms are proposed here based on the existing but perhaps overlooked experimental results. These are the effects of cGMP on the sarco−/endo- plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA), the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor channels type 1 (IP3R1), and on the myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP), which is implicated in the Ca2+-desensitization. Different modeling approaches are presented and discussed, and novel model descriptions are proposed.
Learning from Online Voices: A Mixed Methods Approach to Explore Patient Online Reviews of Hospital Care in Portugal
Authors: Marisa Ferreira Gomes Carla , Paula Castro Amorim Marlene , Jorge Ferreira Rodrigues Mário
Published: June 2021

Online patient reviews can offer a rich information source to users of healthcare services, as well as for hospital management and quality monitoring. Whereas in recent years the volume of online patient reviews has been consistently growing, organizations still lack standardized approaches and tools to allow for the systematic monitoring of users’ online comments. Therefore, managers are lagging in the ability to make use of such data from patients’ voices for improving the quality of the services provided. If organizations fail to develop the right capabilities to consider users’ online reviews and feedback, they risk not only to miss important quality failure alerts, as wells as to frustrate their customers’ expectations for service and attention. In this chapter, we present a qualitative analysis of patients’ reviews for healthcare services in Portugal, building on a sample of data extracted from Google for the year of 2019. The chapter reports the major quality management themes addressed by hospital users in their online expressions and offers some guidelines to support a structured analysis and visualization of results from online users’ word of mouth data.
Emotional Intelligence for Coping with the Consequences of Childhood Trauma
Authors: Amélia Moreira Sarafim-Silva Bruna , Galera Bernabé Daniel
Published: June 2021

Childhood trauma has been a serious public health problem and its long-term repercussions are widely studied. Childhood trauma can deregulate the stress-related biological pathways, incapacitating the individual to process these experiences and, consequently, producing a lasting impact in later stages of life. Exposure to adverse childhood experiences has been associated with poorer quality of life and a higher risk for harmful behaviors and illness. The emotional consequences of childhood trauma are inevitable, and the development of strategies for their coping and manage become decisive and urgent. In this chapter we will cover the most current perspectives on childhood trauma, its impact on later life stages and the resulting emotional process. Finally, it will be discussed how emotional intelligence can be a useful resource for coping with stressful situations resulting from traumatic experiences in childhood.
A20 Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation Through MAPK/ERK/JNK Pathway in LX-2 Cells
Authors: Wang Xiaohan , Han Feng , Shen Yueyu , Chen Yunqing , Ji Zizhong
Published: June 2021

Background: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are liver-specific pericytes that transform into myofibroblasts, which are involved in pathological vascularization in liver fibrosis. We previously suggested that A20 overexpression suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in HSC. We aimed to determine the mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory role of A20 in LX-2 cells. Methods: LX-2 cells were transfected with A20-siRNA or control-siRNA and control adenovirus or A20-carrying adenovirus. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis was employed to quantify mRNA levels of α-SMA, col-I, col-III, IL-6, TGF-β, and PDGF in A20-siRNA LX-2 cells stimulated with LPS. Multiple molecular indices of MAPK/ERK/JNK signal pathway were performed by using Western blotting. Results: Relative to control, the fibrosis-related mRNA levels of α-SMA, col-I, and col-III were increased in A20-siRNA LX-2 cells. Meanwhile, A20-siRNA cells significantly increased IL-6, TGF-β, and PDGF mRNA levels. Relative to controls, stimulating A20 overexpressing LX-2 cells with LPS for 5 and 30 minutes significantly reduced the levels of phosphorylated ERK and JNK, respectively. A20 knockdown in LX-2 cells promotes phosphorylated ERK and JNK levels with LPS for 30 minutes. Conclusions: Our data indicate that A20 could be functional in HSCs through the MAPK/ERK/JNK signaling pathway, highlighting a potential novel therapeutic strategy against liver fibrosis.
Pre-transplant Psoas Muscle Density as a Ready-to-Use and Low-cost Predictor of Patient Survival After Liver Transplant
Authors: Bertuzzo Valentina Rosa , Renzulli Matteo , Clemente Alfredo , Cucchetti Alessandro , Maroni Lorenzo , Frascaroli Giacomo , Pellegrini Sara , Dajti Elton , Spinelli Daniele , Peta Giuliano , Maria Ierardi Anna , Carrafiello Gianpaolo , Strigari Lidia , Colecchia Antonio , Golfieri Rita , Pinna Antonio Daniele , Ravaioli Matteo , Cescon Matteo
Published: June 2021

Background: Sarcopenia, defined as low muscle mass with reduced function, is frequently encountered in cirrhotic patients and is a major predictor of adverse events, including post-liver transplant (LT) outcome. Objectives: This study assessed the impact of sarcopenia using computed tomography (CT)-based measurements on post-LT mortality and complications. Methods: From January 2008 to June 2016, 646 adult patients underwent 613 LTs at our institution. We analyzed the postoperative outcome of 287 patients who had pathologically proven cirrhosis on the explanted liver and who had performed a CT examination three months before LT. Psoas muscle density (PMD) was detected for every patient using standard instruments present in the radiological workstation and was related to postoperative survival rates and complications. Statistical analysis was carried out using the appropriate tests. Results: Postoperative mortality was 6.3%. At least one grade III-IV postoperative complication was experienced by 121 patients. Respiratory and infective complications occurred in 30 and 32 patients, respectively. Also, PMD was an independent predictor of postoperative mortality (P = 0.021), respiratory complications (P = 0.015), and infections (P = 0.010). The ROC analysis identified a PMD ≤ 43.72 HU as the best cutoff value for predicting 90-day mortality after LT. Conclusions: Psoas muscle density accurately predicted post-LT mortality and complications. Its ease and low-cost determination can allow widespread use of this parameter to improve clinical care and help with the decision to give these patients some priority on the transplant waiting list.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Circulating MicroRNA in Acute Stroke: A Systematic and Bioinformatic Analysis of Current Evidence
Authors: Bejleri Jorin , Jirström Elisabeth , Donovan Paul , Williams David J. , Pfeiffer Shona
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose Stroke is the second leading cause of death and disability worldwide and its diagnosis, and assessment of prognosis, remains challenging. There is a need for improved diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and their secretion and remarkable stability in biofluids highlights their potential as sensitive biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of acute stroke.Methods We carried out a systematic review to assess current evidence supporting the potential of miRNAs to act as unique diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in blood samples collected from patients suffering acute stroke within 24 hours of symptoms onset.Results We identified 22 studies eligible for inclusion with 33 dysregulated miRNAs having diagnostic potential in the acute phase of the disease. We identified miR-16, miR-126, and miR-335 as having the highest sensitivity as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in acute ischaemic stroke and present original bioinformatic and pathway enrichment analysis of putative miRNA–target interactions.Conclusions miRNAs represent unique biomarkers which have a promising future in stroke diagnosis and prognosis. However, there is a need for more standardized and consistent methodology for the accurate interpretation and translation of miRNAs as novel specific and sensitive biomarkers into clinical practice.
Analysis of Composite Resin Treatment Pattern Changes After the Insurance Coverage
Authors: Jo Sangmi , Lee Koeun , Nam Okhyung , Lee Hyo-seol , Choi Sungchul , Kim Kwangchul , Kim Misun
Published: June 2021

Since January 2019, insurance coverage for caries treatment of permanent teeth using composite resin in children aged 12 and under has started in South Korea. The purpose of this study was to compare the pattern of permanent molar composite resin restoration aged 12 and under before and after the insurance coverage from January 2009 to March 2020 in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital at Gangdong.
Since the insurance coverage was started in 2019, the frequency of permanent molar composite resin restoration aged 12 and under has increased more than twice. There was a significant change in frequency of resin restoration by shape of cavity comparing before and after the insurance coverage, whereas there was no significant difference in changes by patient age, gender and position of tooth.
As accessibility to the permanent tooth composite resin restoration is increased by the insurance coverage, which shows a fair survival rate, it is expected that it could be able to secure oral health in the early permanent dentition aged 12 and under.
Pagamento de dividendos sobre o uso de dados digitais: projeções para o cenário brasileiro
Authors: Morais Júnior Laércio de
Published: June 2021

Um ponto que todas as cinco maiores companhias abertas listadas nos Estados Unidos possuem em comum é a aplicação direta de dados digitais em suas operações diárias. Seja através de anúncios direcionados ou estudos comportamentais para aprimoramento de produtos, os dados digitais são uma relevante forma de rentabilização para as empresas e fonte de vantagem competitiva com a correta aplicação das análises nas atividades. Com as novas legislações acerca do tema de proteção de dados, diversas regras quanto a análise e coleta de dados foram ajustadas e podem afetar o faturamento das companhias. O Brasil, através da LGPD, também protegerá seus usuários e permitirá que cada um seja titular de suas informações digitais. Com a proteção da lei, surgiram movimentos que visam, através da inovação de titularidade das leis de proteção de dados, um pagamento adequado para os usuários pelo constante fluxo de informações que torna possível toda a economia moderna. É possível que a total integração de análise de dados gere mais de 15 trilhões de dólares por ano em valor para as companhias, neste cenário dados podem ser tratados como uma commodity e os usuários, os verdadeiros donos e titulares, devem ir atrás de uma razoável compensação por permitirem uma grande expansão da economia 4.0, na qual dados são o combustível de toda a economia.