bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Erosive and Abrasive Cycling on Bonding of Different Adhesive Systems to Enamel: An In situ Study
Authors: Giacomini Marina Ciccone ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, Casas-Apayco Leslie Caroll , Machado Camila Moreira , Freitas Maria Cristina Carvalho de Almendra , Atta Maria Teresa , Wang Linda ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Peru,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil,   Faculdade integral Diferencial, Brazil
Published: December 2016

Abstract This study evaluated the impact of orange juice on the bond strength (BS) of dentin bonding systems (DBSs) to enamel surface after simulation with an in situ/ ex vivo erosive cycling. One hundred and ninety two bovine enamel fragments (4x4x2mm) were obtained and randomized regarding superficial microhardness and distributed to palatal devices for 8 volunteers, in three phases (one for each DBS), containing 8 blocks, which were, allocated in 4 pairs. Daily, these pairs were subjected extraorally to the following conditions: CONT- neither erosive nor abrasive challenge; ERO- erosive challenge only; ABR- abrasive challenge only and ERO + ABR- with erosive and abrasive challenges. Erosive cycles (immersion in orange juice, 3 times/day/5 min/5 days) or/and abrasive challenges (electric toothbrush, 3 times/day/1 min/5 days) were performed. After these cycles, all specimens were restored with the adhesive systems Adper Scotchbond Multi Purpose (MP), Adper Single Bond 2 (SB) or Clearfil SE Bond (SE), and the composite resin Filtek Z250. After 7 days, sticks (area ≅1 mm2) were obtained and subjected to the microtensile bond strength test (μTBS) at 0.5 mm/min. Data was statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests (a=0.05). Failure modes were determined using a digital microscope (40´). DBS was the only statistical significant factor. SE was the unique DBS not affected in any challenge, whereas MP and SB performed according to the scenario. The adhesive and mixed failures were predominant in all groups. Overall performance suggested that BS to enamel after erosive /abrasive challenged by orange juice was not affected and it was material-dependent.
Functional Differences In Gingival Fibroblasts Obtained from Young and Elderly Individuals
Authors: Pansani Taisa Nogueira ,   Univ Estadual Paulista,  Brazil, Basso Fernanda Gonçalves , Soares Diana Gabriela , Hebling Josimeri , Costa Carlos Alberto de Souza ,   Univ Estadual Paulista,  Brazil,   Univ Estadual Paulista,  Brazil
Published: December 2016

Abstract Fibroblasts participate in the wound repair process through proliferation and migration as well as the synthesis of factors growth and extracellular matrix molecules. However, cell aging and the individual himself can lead to reduction of cell functions and consequently, the ability of tissue repair. This study evaluated the activity of gingival fibroblasts from young (Y) and elderly (Y) patients and their responsiveness to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a). Gingival fibroblasts were isolated from six patients (3Y; and 3E) and seeded in complete culture medium (DMEM). For cell viability analysis, total protein production and collagen synthesis, fibroblasts were cultured in 96-well plates for 24, 48 or 72 h (n=36). Cell responses to TNF-a, was evaluated by application of this cytokine to cultured cells (100 ng/mL) for 24 h, followed by evaluation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and CCL5 production (n=36). Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann-Whitney U tests (a = 0.05). Viability of E fibroblasts was higher than Y fibroblasts for 24 and 48 h, but these cells showed gradual reduction of viability over the course of time. For Y cells, reduced collagen synthesis was observed at 48 h. No difference was observed in ROS production for both cells after TNF-a exposure. However, both cultures showed increased production of NO and CCL5 in the presence of TNF-a. Functional differences and distinct responsiveness to TNF-a were observed according to patient's age.
Self-Reported Periodontitis and Complications in Type 1 Diabetes Patients: A Brazilian Nationwide Survey
Authors: Oliveira Luciano Santos ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Lira-Junior Ronaldo , Figueredo Carlos Marcelo , Gomes Marília Brito , Fischer Ricardo Guimarães ,   Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,   Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Published: December 2016

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the possible association between periodontitis and systemic complications in a Brazilian type 1 diabetes population. A multicentre, sectional study was carried out in 28 public clinics located in 20 Brazilian cities. Data from 3,591 patients were obtained (56.0% females, 57.2% Caucasians), with an average age of 21.2 ± 11.7 years and whose mean duration of type 1 diabetes was 9.6 ± 8.1 years. Periodontitis was evaluated through self-report. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to evaluate the association between periodontitis and systemic diabetes complications (chronic micro and macrovascular complications and hospitalizations by hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis). The prevalence of periodontitis was 4.7% (n=170). Periodontitis patients had mean age of 27.4 ± 12.9. This group was older (p<0.001), exhibited longer diabetes duration (p<0.0001) and had elevated total cholesterol (p<0.05), triglycerides (p<0.001) and lower HDL (p<0.05) values than patients without periodontitis. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly increased in periodontitis patients (p<0.01). Periodontitis patients had increased odds of microvascular complications (2.43 [1.74-3.40]) and of hospitalizations related to hyperglycemia (2.76 [1.72-4.42]) and ketoacidosis (2.72 [1.53-4.80]). In conclusion, periodontitis was associated to systemic complications in Brazilian type 1 diabetes patients.
Unusual Deviation of the Main Foramen from the Root Apex
Authors: Versiani Marco Aurélio , Ahmed Hany Mohamed Aly , Sousa-Neto Manoel Damião de , De-Deus Gustavo , Dummer Paul Michael Howell
Published: December 2016

Abstract The relationship of the main foramen to the anatomic root apex has been the subject of several studies. Although they are anatomically close, they rarely coincide, and their distance can vary according to age or tooth type, ranging from 0.2 to 3.0 mm. The aim of this short communication was to evaluate the distance between the main foramen of independent middle mesial canals (MMCs) and the anatomical mesial root apex of mandibular first molars using the micro-computed tomography. Twenty-five mandibular first molars with MMCs were scanned (resolution of 9.9 µm), and the distance from its main foramen to the anatomical apex was evaluated. Overall, the distance ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 mm; however, in 3 specimens the distance was greater than 3 mm. This report demonstrates that the exit of the main foramen of the MMC varies considerably and could approach a substantial distance from the anatomical apex greater than previously reported in the literature.
In vitro pollen viability of maize cultivars at different times of collection
Authors: Martins Emanoel Sanches , Davide Livia Maria Chamma , Miranda Gian José , Barizon Jefferson de Oliveira , Souza Junior Francisco de Assis , Carvalho Rafael Pelloso de , Gonçalves Manoel Carlos
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT: In the present study, we aimed to assess the in vitro viability of pollen grains from maize cultivars collected at different times and days in the field. Four cultivars (Sol da Manhã, XB 6012, XB 8010, and BRS 2020) were evaluated from the second to fifth day of anthesis in three times. Pollen samples were evaluated for their in vitro viability through standard germination test in liquid and solid media and tetrazolium staining. The experimental design was completely randomized, in 4x4x3 split-split plots with four replicates. Data were subjected to analysis of variance followed by a means clustering test and linear regression analysis. The average percentage of viable pollen varied according to the day, collection time, and cultivar. In general, XB 8010 and BRS 2020 had the highest frequency of viable pollen. The highest percentages of viable pollen were observed on the second day of anthesis at 10:00h.
Diversification strategies in the pesticide industry: from seeds to biopesticides
Authors: Pelaez Victor , Mizukawa Gabriel
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT: The pesticide industry has undergone a diversification process led by six leading companies (Monsanto, Syngenta, Bayer, Dow, DuPont, BASF) that control roughly 68% of the world market. This growth, initiated in the second half of the 1990s, occurred through deals and acquisitions of companies from the seed and biopesticide markets. This paper analyzes these diversification strategies, which have involved a capital mobilization process based on the exploitation of economies of scope and management of complementary assets. This aims to minimize the risks of investment in consolidated markets as well as in new ones.
Commercial cuts of Pantanal caiman meat according to sex
Authors: Fernandes Vitória Regina Takeuchi , Souza Maria Luiza Rodrigues de , Gasparino Eliane , Coutinho Marcos Eduardo , Visentainer Jesuí Vergílio , Bérgamo Alessandro Spinola , Goes Elenice Souza dos Reis
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the yield, color, and chemical composition of commercial cuts (tail, sirloin cut, back fillet, and thigh) of Pantanal caiman meat in both sexes. The yield of tail was higher than other cuts, and the yield of females (17.0%) was higher than males (15.9%). The thigh of males had lower protein content (20.8%) compared with other cuts. Females showed a higher lipid content in the tail (2.4%) and thigh (0.8%) compared with males (1.7% and 0.4%, respectively). The tail presented the greatest content of monounsaturated fatty acids (45.2%) and higher n6/n3 ratio (4.6). Although lightness was not different among cuts or between sexes, there were differences in color. Males have more yellowish meat compared with females. Thigh and back fillet were more reddish when compared to sirloin cut and tail, regardless of sex. In conclusion, female tail meat provided greater yield and lipid content than males, and this result was statistically significant. These findings can help producers and consumers alike, better understand yield, quality, and nutritional quality of Pantanal caiman meat.
An overview of Listeria monocytogenes contamination in ready to eat meat, dairy and fishery foods
Authors: Rodrigues Carla Susana , Sá Cláudia Valéria Gonçalves Cordeiro de , Melo Cristiano Barros de
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT: Listeria monocytogenes is a relevant foodborne pathogen in public health, responsible for outbreaks of listeriosis often associated to the consumption of ready to eat meat, dairy and fishery products. Listeriosis is a serious disease that can lead to death and mainly affect children, the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. In pregnant women causes abortion or neonatal listeriosis. In Brazil, ready to eat food are appreciated and increasingly consumed by the population. Furthermore, products such as sausages, bologna, hams and cheeses have characteristics such as pH, Aw and sodium chloride content that favor the development of L. monocytogenes during their shelf life. The purpose of this paper was to present an overview of L. monocytogenes contamination in different meat, dairy and fishery products that are ready for consumption and thereby support the adoption of strategies to mitigate this risk, contributing to achieve the appropriate level protection for the consumers and thus strengthen Brazil's food safety system.
Hidrogéis a base de ácido hialurônico e quitosana para engenharia de tecido cartilaginoso
Authors: Nascimento Mônica Helena Monteiro do , Lombello Christiane Bertachini
Published: December 2016

Resumo A Engenharia de Tecidos envolve o desenvolvimento de novos materiais ou dispositivos capazes de interações específicas com os tecidos biológicos, buscando a utilização de materiais biocompatíveis que devem servir como arcabouço para o crescimento de células in vitro, organizando e desenvolvendo o tecido que posteriormente será implantado no paciente. Uma variedade de arcabouços como hidrogéis poliméricos, sintéticos e naturais, têm sido investigados para a expansão de condrócitos in vitro, visando o reparo da cartilagem lesionada. Um hidrogel de interesse particular na regeneração de cartilagem é o ácido hialurónico (AH). Trata-se de um biopolímero atraente para a fabricação de arcabouços artificiais para Engenharia de Tecidos por ser biocompatível e biodegradável. A biocompatibilidade do AH deve-se ao fato de estar presente na matriz extracelular nativa, deste modo, cria-se um ambiente propício que facilita a adesão, proliferação e diferenciação celular, além da existência de sinalização celular específica, o que contribui para a regeneração do tecido. O uso de hidrogel composto de ácido hialurónico e quitosana (QUI) também tem sido investigado em aplicações de Engenharia de Tecidos de cartilagem, com resultados promissores. Baseando-se nestas informações, o objetivo este trabalho foi investigar as alternativas disponíveis para regeneração tecidual da cartilagem e conhecer mais detalhadamente as relações entre células e biomateriais.
Experiences and coping with the altered body image in digestive stoma patients
Authors: Hueso-Montoro César , Bonill-de-las-Nieves Candela , Celdrán-Mañas Miriam , Hernández-Zambrano Sandra Milena , Amezcua-Martínez Manuel , Morales-Asencio José Miguel
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the coping of stoma patients with the news about the ostomy, as well as to analyze the meaning and the experience of their new bodily reality. Method: qualitative phenomenological study undertaken through semistructured interviews with 21 stoma patients. The analysis was based on the constant comparison of the data, the progressive incorporation of subjects and triangulation among researchers and stomal therapy nurses. The software Atlas.ti was used. Results: two main categories emerge: "Coping with the news about receiving a stoma" and "Meaning and experience of the new bodily reality". The informants' answer varies, showing situations that range from the natural acceptance of the process to resignation and rejection. The previous experiences of other family members, the possible reconstruction of the stoma or the type of illness act as conditioning factors. Conclusions: the coping with the news about the stoma is conditioned by the type of illness, although the normalization of the process is the trend observed in most informants. Nursing plays a fundamental role in the implementation of cognitive-behavioral interventions and other resources to promote the patients' autonomy in everything related to care for the stoma.
Nursing interventions in monitoring the adolescent with Cystic Fibrosis: a literature review
Authors: Reisinho Maria da Conceição Marinho Sousa Ribeiro Oliveira , Gomes Bárbara Pereira
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Objectives: to search for nursing interventions focused on the improvement of quality of life and promotion of self-care of adolescents suffering from the Cystic Fibrosis. Method: literature review. The inclusion criteria were: primary studies and studies with interventions developed by nurses in the adolescent population with Cystic Fibrosis, using Portuguese, Spanish, French and English with no time limit, and supported by the databases Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL. The search expressions were: nursing AND care AND adolescent AND "Cystic Fibrosis" AND ("quality of life" OR "self-care"). Results: a total of 59 articles was retrieved; 8 matched the criteria chosen. Nursing interventions targeted at adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis and their family members were identified. These interventions were organized according to the nurses' role, namely caregiver, coordinator, counsellor, researcher, trainer and care partner. Conclusions: nursing interventions targeted at following up the adolescent during the entire therapeutic process, involving the presence of parents/significant others, since both the adolescent and family have to be responsible for self-care. Healthcare professionals should be capable of identifying the specific needs of patients with chronic disease and their family, permitting a better understanding and adaptation to the health-disease transition process.
Allogenic bone narrow transplantation in sickle-cell diseases.
Authors: Simões Belinda Pinto , Pieroni Fabiano , Costa Thalita , Barros George Navarro , Darrigo Jr. Guilherme , Grecco Carlos Settani , Bernardes Juliana Elias , Moraes Daniela , Stracieri Ana Beatriz Lima , Cunha Renato , Rodrigues Maria Carolina
Published: December 2016

SUMMARY Sickle-cell diseases are the most common inherited hemoglobinopathies worldwide. Improvement in survival has been seen in the last decades with the introduction of careful screening and prevention of complications and the introduction of hydroxyurea. Stem-cell transplantation is currently the only curative option for these patients and has been indicated for patients with neurological events, repeated vaso-occlusive crisis, any organ damage or presence of red blood cell antibodies. Related bone-marrow or cord-blood transplant has shown an overall survival of more than 90% with a disease-free survival of 90% in 1,000 patients transplanted in the last decades. The use of unrelated donors unfortunately has not shown the same good results, but better typing methods and improved support may improve the outcome with this source of stem cells in the future. In Brazil, only recently stem cell transplant from related donors has been included in the procedures performed in the public health system. The use of related bone marrow or cord blood and a myeloablative conditioning regimen are considered standard of care for patients with sickle-cell diseases. Transplants with non-myeloablative regimens, unrelated donors or haploidentical donors should be performed only in controlled clinical trials.
Immunotherapy with natural killer cells: a possible approach for the treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia also in Brazil
Authors: Silla Lúcia
Published: December 2016

SUMMARY The allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can cure intermediate and high-risk acute myeloid leukemia. Even with the development of strategies to reduce HSCT toxicity, this is still a complex treatment with high morbidity and mortality. Knowledge of the graft versus leukemia effect of HSCT has prepared the way for the development of Adoptive Immunotherapy or in vitro expansion of activated lymphocytes without alloreactivity, with subsequent intravenous infusion. The infusion of genetically modified T lymphocytes and haploidentical natural killer cells has been tested as an alternative to HSCT with very interesting results worldwide and in Brazil, as we not only have the technology of in vitro expansion of clinical grade lymphocytes available, but also do it according to the Good Manufacturing Practices that have been determined internationally.
Haploidentical transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Hamerschlak Nelson
Published: December 2016

SUMMARY Objective: To review and discuss the literature on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with haploidentical donors in Brazil. Method: Literature review. Results: The haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantations have become a safe option in hematology since the 80s, with the possibility of ex-vivo T-cell depletion. However, its broad use worldwide occurred with the advent of haploidentical nonmyeloablative transplants using in vivo T-cell depletion with the administration of post-transplant cyclophosphamide. The results were encouraging, despite the increased risk of infection and post-transplantation recurrence. Recent publications on acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome and Hodgkin’s lymphoma have shown similar results among haploidentical, unrelated and related full-match transplants. Obviously, these findings of retrospective studies should be confirmed by clinical trials. Conclusions: Transplantation with haploidentical donor has shown to be feasible in Brazil and the first publications and results are showing encouraging results.
Raízes do Brasil e o ensaio histórico brasileiro: da história filosófica à síntese sociológica, 1836-1936
Authors: Nicolazzi Fernando
Published: December 2016

RESUMO Este artigo propõe uma análise da história da historiografia brasileira entre a década de 1830 e a de 1930, situando o livro de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda Raízes do Brasil (1936) na tradição dos ensaios de interpretação histórica que caracterizou as primeiras décadas do período republicano. Sugere-se a hipótese, pautada nos estudos de Arnaldo Momigliano e Reinhart Koselleck, de que entre as condições de emergência dessa tradição estão as relações entre a erudição crítica, definidora do método histórico, e a intenção sintética, característica da filosofia da história moderna. Nesse sentido, a partir de fontes variadas, o estudo segue o movimento que conduziu as reflexões sobre a história no Brasil, da vizinhança com a filosofia até as formas de aproximação com as ciências sociais, acompanhando a passagem do modelo da história filosófica para o da síntese sociológica, no qual podem ser inseridos os ensaios históricos.
Tolerance of guava rootstocks under salt stress
Authors: Sá Francisco V. da S. , Nobre Reginaldo G. , Silva Luderlândio de A. , Moreira Rômulo C. L. , Paiva Emanoela P. de , Oliveira Fernanda A. de
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of guava rootstocks under salt stress in the initial development stage. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a randomized block design in a 5 x 3 factorial, consisting of five levels of irrigation water salinity (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and three guava rootstocks (‘Crioula’, ‘Paluma’ and ‘Ogawa’), with four replicates and four plants per replicate. Emergence, growth and phytomass accumulation were evaluated 30 days after sowing. Increased salinity restricts guava emergence, growth and phytomass accumulation, and the most drastic effects occur at levels higher than 1.8 dS m-1. The cultivar ‘Crioula’ is more tolerant to salinity in relation to ‘Paluma’ and ‘Ogawa’, and can be indicated as rootstock.
Nutrition and yield of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated with different spacings and organic fertilizer
Authors: Donato Paulo E. R. , Donato Sérgio L. R. , Silva João A. , Pires Aureliano J. V. , Rosa Raul C. C. , Aquino Aureluci A.
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of macronutrients in cladodes and yield of cactus pear, cv. ‘Gigante’, cultivated with different cattle manure doses and plant spacings. The experimental design was randomized blocks in 4 x 3 factorial, with three replicates. The treatments consisted of the combination of four doses of cattle manure (0, 30, 60 and 90 Mg ha-1 year-1) with three spacings (1.00 x 0.50, 2.00 x 0.25 and 3.00 x 1.00 x 0.25 m). The contents of macronutrients and dry matter production of cladodes were assessed 600 days after planting. The plant spacings influenced the contents of nitrogen, potassium, calcium and sulfur in the cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear and there was interaction between spacing and manure dose for magnesium contents. The increment in cattle manure doses increases the contents of phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium and sulfur in the cladodes. The maximum dry matter production of cladodes is estimated at 21.8 Mg ha-1 year-1 at a dose of 71.8 Mg ha-1 year-1 of manure.
Nitrogen efficiency in oats on grain yield with stability
Authors: Silva José A. G. da , Goi Neto Constantino J. , Fernandes Sandra B. V. , Mantai Rubia D. , Scremin Osmar B. , Pretto Rafael
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) is the nutrient most absorbed by the oat crop. Unfavorable climate conditions decrease its efficiency, generating instability and reduction in yield. The objective of this study was to improve N use efficiency in oat grain yield by the economic value of the product and of the input and by models that scale the stability, considering systems of succession of high and reduced residual-N release in favorable and unfavorable years for cultivation. The study was conducted in the years 2013, 2014 and 2015 in two systems of succession (soybean/oat, maize/oat) in randomized blocks with eight replicates, using the N-fertilizer doses of 0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1. The N-fertilizer dose for maximum economic efficiency in oats should be considered based on the meteorological trends of the cultivation year. N use optimization by models that determine the stability is an innovative proposal to increase fertilization efficiency on the yield. The N-fertilizer dose of 60 kg ha-1 promotes greater efficiency with predictability and yield, regardless of the agricultural year and the system of succession.
Retórica na divulgação científica do imaginário de vida e saúde: uma proposta metodológica de análise
Authors: Luz Madel Therezinha , Ferla Alcindo Antônio , Machado Anderson dos Santos , Alba Rafael Dall
Published: December 2016

Este artigo analisa o papel simbólico das Biociências no imaginário de vida e saúde, apresentando resultados de uma pesquisa de observação de capas de revistas de divulgação científica encontradas em bancas de jornais em três cidades brasileiras: Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias e Porto Alegre. Apresenta uma análise sintética da observação das bancas e do conjunto de capas nelas expostas, utilizando quadros ilustrativos, segundo um esquema de interpretação da retórica presente nessas capas. Constatamos que os sentidos resultantes da simbiose imagem/palavra, difundidos pelos periódicos, são instrumentos persuasivos no universo de representações e práticas sociais concernindo um suposto viver saudável.
Intra-puparial development of Lucilia eximia (Diptera, Calliphoridae)
Authors: RAMOS-PASTRANA Yardany , LONDOÑO Carlos Andres , WOLFF Marta
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT There are few studies about the intra-puparial development in Diptera, nonetheless its importance has been increased because several dipteran species are of forensic interest. Studies on the life cycles of flies often disregard the changes that occur inside the pupae. The objectives of this research were to analyze the intra-puparial development of Lucilia eximia, and to describe chronological and morphological changes that occur during this stage. Around 1.600 specimens were laboratory-reared. The pre-pupae were identified by the reduction of their size and change in coloration, and 10 individuals were sampled every three hours (n=1.000) until adult emergence. The specimens were fixed in 96% alcohol, subsequently immersed in Canoy solution for 24 hours and in formic acid (5%) for 48 hours, to facilitate dissection and analysis of the morphological changes of the individuals. Four stages of the intra-pupal development of L. eximia were observed: 1) Larva-pupa apolysis, which lasted 23 ± 1.08 h; 2) Cryptocephalic pupa, 5 ± 0.53 h; 3) Phanerocephalic pupa, 92 ± 1.94 h; and 4) Pharate adult: Transparents eyes, 125 ± 2.15 h; Yellow eyes, 23 ± 0.89 h; Pink eyes, 14 ± 0.73 h; and Red eyes, 20 ± 0.60 h. The pharate adult is completely formed after 296 hours and the emergence of the adult occurred after 302 ± 3.81 h. In addition, there were included the stage of pre-pupa, pupariation and the beginning of the adult stage, Imago and adult emergence. Each stage is described and compared with those described for Chrysomya albiceps (Calliphoridae).
Bottlenecks in the migration routes of Amazonian manatees and the threat of hydroelectric dams
Authors: ARRAUT Eduardo Moraes , ARRAUT José Luis , MARMONTEL Miriam , MANTOVANI José Eduardo , NOVO Evlyn Márcia Leão de Moraes
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT In a particular region within western Amazonia, Amazonian manatees (Trichechus inunguis) live in a floodplain environment that becomes inhospitable for them during the annual low-water season. To flee from it, they undergo a dangerous migration to a refuge while water levels are dropping fast. Our aim was to better understand the role of depth variation in this migratory process. We analyzed the sole tracking data on wild manatees (n=10 males), 30 years of Landsat images, a 14-year hydrograph and a 3-D bathymetric model. Migratory routes contained shallower segments, here called 'migratory bottlenecks', which dried out at the end of most lowering-water seasons, blocking the passage to the refuge. Manatees began migrating just in time to traverse the bottlenecks furthest away, suggesting they fine-tuned their departure so as to maximize time within the foraging home range without compromising safety. They apparently achieved this by estimating depth at the bottlenecks. Moreover, a bottleneck was created in >15 years, illustrating the environment's dynamism and the challenge this imposes upon manatees. Our results are probably generalizable to most of the species' range. We contend manatees possess an updatable cognitive map of their environment and are behaviorally plastic. Current dam-building plans, if implemented, would create more bottlenecks and make flooding less predictable, increasing manatee mortality from unsuccessful migrations. It would also partition the species into small populations, each prone to short-term extinction. The natural outcome would be the second species-level collapse. Economic growth should not come at the expense of the extinction of the iconic manatee.
Identification key for the genera of Syrphidae (Diptera) from the Brazilian Amazon and new taxon records
Authors: MIRANDA Gil Felipe Gonçalves
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Identification keys are essential to properly recognize taxa, and a photographic key not only addresses that issue but can also attract the interest of the general public if designed correctly. Syrphidae is one of the largest families of Diptera, and the Brazilian Amazon holds more taxon records from this family than currently reported. The aim of the current study was to provide an updated photographic identification key, of easy use and access, to the genera of Syrphidae (Diptera) from the Brazilian Amazon region, and identify previously unrecorded taxa. Through a literature review and study of collection material from several institutions, I found 36 new taxon records for the Brazilian Amazon (15 are first records for Brazil) and provided a list of references with identification keys to species from each genus. The online version of this manuscript has a photographic identification key, with diagnostic pages for each genus, as supplementary material.
Refractometry as an alternative to the biuret method for measuring total serum proteins in Podocnemis expansa (Podocnemididae) and Phrynops geoffroanus (Chelidae)
Authors: PESSOA Lourdes Marina Bezerra , LIMA Maíra Gonçalves da Mota , CARNEIRO Filipe Tavares , ZANANI Nathalia Salgado , SCALON Marcela Corrêa , SILVA Thamiris Figueiredo , LIMA Mariana Accioly , ABRAHIM Maia Araújo , PALUDO Giane Regina
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Total serum protein is a significant indicator of health condition in animals. The aim of this study was to analyze the precision of the portable refractometer in determining the concentration of total serum proteins in Podocnemis expansa and Phrynops geoffroanus. A total of 26 animals were used. The blood samples were collected from the supraoccipital sinus and stored in tubes without anticoagulant. Total serum protein was determined using both the biuret reaction and refractometry. The total serum protein mean concentration (g dL-1) with biuret method and refractometry for P. expansa were 3.16 and 3.2; and for P. geoffroanus were 3.56 and 2.72, respectively. These results indicate that total serum protein values can be determined with precision in P. expansa and P. geoffroanus using a portable refractometer.
New human case reports of cutaneous leishmaniasis by Leishmania (Viannia) naiffi in the Amazon region, Brazil
Authors: FIGUEIRA Luanda de Paula , SOARES Fabiane Veloso , JÚNIOR Roberto Daibes NAIFF , VINHOTE-SILVA Alana Cristina , SILVA Susi Simas da , ESPIR Thaís Tibery , NAIFF Maricleide de Farias , GOMES Luis Henrique Monteiro , MOREIRA Flávia Regina Almeida Campos Naief , FRANCO Antonia Maria Ramos
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Few cases of human cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania naiffi were described in the medical literature. The aim of this study was to report and analyze new cases of L. naiffi in the period between the years 1992 to 2011. The strains were characterized by isoenzyme analysis. All patients assisted had small lesions; ranging from 1.0x1.0 mm and 13.5x11.5 mm. The lesions observed were widely distributed: 55.5% on the lower limb, 5.5% in the abdominal area, 16.6% on upper limb and 22.2% in upper limb and back. Seventy-two percent of patients had ulcerated lesions. Clinical course of the disease varied from 1 to 10 months. According to gender, most infected individuals were men (83.3%). The patients came from Amazonas (10), Pará (01) and Rondônia (01), north States of Brazil. Five patients were infected in experimental stations of the National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA). Although the results of this study were similar to other reports in the literature, some of the patients had more of one skin lesion. It is also reported the first case of CL caused by L. naiffi in the State of Rondônia and identified an area of disease transmission in the experimental station of INPA.
Passalid (Insecta: Coleoptera: Passalidae) collected from trunks of Scleronema micranthum (Malvaceae)
Authors: ABREU Raimunda Liege Souza de , RONCHI-TELES Beatriz , VIANEZ Bazilio Frasco , FONSECA Claudio Ruy Vasconcelos da , GOUVEIA Fernando Bernardo Pinto , SILVA Ediene Borges da
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Some beetles can attack the wood immediately after the tree is felled, but there are those that start their attack at different stages of wood degradation. Beetles of the family Passalidae belong to this latest category. The objective of this study was to assess the occurrence of beetles of this family in wood samples taken from trunks of Scleronema micranthum, a forest species from Central Amazon. The samples were exposed to biodegradation for 24 months on the forest ground of the Experimental Station of Tropical Silviculture of the National Institute for Amazonian Research, in Manaus, Amazon State, Brazil. During that period, 15 samples were removed from the experiment, every two months, for insect collection and evaluation of infestation. The presence of six species was recorded, all of them of the Passalini tribe: Passalus (Pertinax) latifrons, P. (Passalus) variiphyllus, P. (Pertinax) convexus, P. (Passalus) interstitialis, P. (Passalus) lanei, and Paxillus leachi. Among these species, P. (Passalus) interstitialis was the most abundant, with 18 individuals. This species was the first one to infest the samples and was found between the eighth and twentieth month of the experiment. The infestation occurred predominantly in the bark and sapwood.
Magnesium capability to attenuate the toxicity of aluminum on the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae PE-2
Authors: Mariano-da-Silva Samuel , Ducatti Rafael Dal Bosco , Murari Ivan Pedro , Pilon Fabio
Published: December 2016

Summary The magnesium (Mg) capability to attenuate the toxicity of aluminum (Al) for the trehalose content, anaerobic growth, viability and budding rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was studied in this work. Fermentations were carried out in triplicate with sterilized and diluted sugar cane media (4% total reducing sugars/pH 4.0) containing different Al (0.0, 50, 100 and 150 mg L-1) and Mg (0.0, 50 and 100 mg L-1) concentrations. The media were inoculated with 1 mL of 1% (wet basis) yeast suspension and incubated at 30ºC, 70 rpm for 20 hours in orbital shaker. At specific times during fermentation portions of cell suspension were taken out and the biomass concentration, yeast viability, budding rate and trehalose content on cells determined. The increase of Al levels, from 0.0 up to 150 mg L-1, showed a reduction on the yeast growth of approximately 95%, 55% and 18% as Mg increased from 0.0 to 50 and 100 mg L-1, respectively. The trehalose content experienced its lowest reduction when greater amounts of Mg were added to the fermentation process. Cell viability showed greater reductions as the content of Al in the media increased. Magnesium effectively protected yeast cells against the deleterious effects of Al on cell growth, viability, budding and trehalose content.
A PRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO EM SAÚDE MENTAL E O PROCESSO DE TRABALHO NO CENTRO DE ATENÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL
Authors: Abrahão Ana Lúcia , Azevedo Flávia Fasciotti Macedo , Gomes Maria Paula Cerqueira
Published: December 2016

Resumo A premência das mudanças no campo da saúde mental provenientes do redirecionamento do modelo assistencial trouxe à cena o tema da formação como elemento decisivo para a sustentação do processo de reforma psiquiátrica brasileira. Este artigo apresenta resultados da pesquisa “Política de saúde mental no município do Rio de Janeiro: um estudo sobre as metodologias de formação e qualificação das equipes de saúde mental”, que teve como objetivo estudar o modo como as equipes dos centros de atenção psicossocial do município do Rio de Janeiro produzem sua agenda de formação permanente em saúde mental e como os profissionais reconhecem as formas de produzir conhecimento, pensar e agir no encontro com o trabalho e a produção do cuidado. Empregamos a observação simples e o grupo focal para coleta de dados. A análise do material procurou identificar a associação das práticas discursivas, que desenham territórios existenciais, com a prática pedagógica no processo de trabalho, articulada ao conceito de analisador. Nesse processo de investigação, foi possível identificar a produção de novas referências de saber, produzidas no ato do trabalho, capazes de transformar o mundo do trabalho e de ativar um cuidado ético, responsável e centrado nos interesses dos usuários.
DIREITO HUMANO À ALIMENTAÇÃO ADEQUADA: PERCEPÇÕES E PRÁTICAS DE NUTRICIONISTAS A PARTIR DO AMBIENTE ESCOLAR
Authors: Arruda Teo Carla Rosane Paz , Gallina Luciara Souza , Busato Maria Assunta , Cibulski Taíne Paula , Becker Tamara
Published: December 2016

Resumo A incorporação da perspectiva dos direitos e da cidadania às políticas públicas de alimentação e nutrição passa pela prática social dos atores envolvidos com a concretização dessas políticas. O objetivo do estudo foi compreender percepções e práticas de nutricionistas sobre o direito humano à alimentação adequada no âmbito de sua atuação profissional no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar. O estudo, desenvolvido em 2014, foi qualitativo, e a coleta de dados, realizada por grupo focal. Participaram 11 nutricionistas de municípios da Mesorregião Oeste Catarinense. As falas foram gravadas, transcritas e analisadas segundo a técnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Os resultados indicaram que as participantes tinham percepção abrangente sobre o direito humano à alimentação adequada, em diferentes dimensões e relações com os aspectos inerentes a ela. As nutricionistas destacaram a importância e o desafio da atuação intersetorial, articulada à comunidade. Contudo, pareceu haver limitação ao trabalho em equipe e à interlocução com as famílias, possivelmente por fragilidade de suporte teórico-metodológico e político para intervenção nesse campo. As percepções abrangentes das nutricionistas, mas pouco fundamentadas teórica e politicamente sobre o direito humano à alimentação adequada, evidenciaram o desafio a se enfrentar na formação profissional, tanto na graduação como na educação permanente.
A ciência e a tecnologia na TV brasileira: uma análise da programação da TV Globo
Authors: Carvalho Vanessa Brasil de , Massarani Luisa , Ramalho Marina , Amorim Luis , Malcher Maria Ataide , Neves Rosicler
Published: December 2016

Resumo Neste estudo, analisamos como temas de C&T são veiculados na emissora de TV aberta de maior audiência no Brasil, a TV Globo. Gravamos e analisamos uma amostra de duas semanas construídas (14 dias), representativas de um período de seis meses de 2013, totalizando 336 horas assistidas na íntegra. Pela análise de conteúdo, observamos que a ciência esteve presente em 7,3% da programação da emissora no período analisado e perpassou por várias categorias televisivas, desde telejornais a publicidades, de telenovelas a talk shows. A ciência esteve ligada, em grande medida, a questões de Medicina e Saúde. Cientistas e especialistas foram fontes de informações importantes sobre tais assuntos, assim como os cidadãos. Contudo, foi reduzida a presença da figura do cientista nas peças – e, quando presente, havia mais homens do que mulheres cientistas. As publicidades foram a categoria televisiva mais frequente em nosso corpus e, nelas, a ciência foi utilizada como um recurso para dar credibilidade ao produto, evidenciando o papel legitimador da ciência.
Lembrar, esquecer, memorizar, rememorar: memória e modos de existência
Authors: Barros Mariana Luz Pessoa de
Published: December 2016

Resumo Nas obras autobiográficas, conforme o narrador relata suas memórias no tempo da narração, rememora o passado adormecido e materializa as lembranças desse passado no texto. Conduz-nos, desse modo, nos termos da semiótica tensiva, da dêixis da ausência para a da presença. Entretanto, na história contada, as experiências vividas pelo sujeito do narrado caminham no sentido contrário, da presença para a ausência, adentrando o esquecimento e também a memória. Nosso objetivo é discutir como esses dois percursos são encenados nos discursos autobiográficos – o percurso da lembrança e o percurso do esquecimento –, bem como seus efeitos de sentido.
O que é ser saudável? Entre publicidades modernas e contemporâneas
Authors: Sibilia Paula , Jorge Marianna Ferreira
Published: December 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo consiste em examinar os modos pelos quais se manifesta a "medicalização da vida" em discursos midiáticos, com o intuito de identificar suas implicações na produção de subjetividades. Parte-se da hipótese de que estaria ocorrendo um deslocamento nas definições de saúde e normalidade. Além da discussão teórica, serão analisadas publicidades voltadas para a saúde – seja através de avisos comerciais ou matérias jornalísticas – desde o início do século XX até hoje.
Rever, retorcer, reverter e retomar as imagens: comunidades de cinema e cosmopolítica
Authors: Brasil André Guimarães
Published: December 2016

Resumo Na esteira da pesquisa que temos realizado, o artigo se propõe a observar comunidades de espectadores em sua aparição concreta em filmes realizados por (ou em coautoria com) diretores indígenas. De fato, quando se retoma essa produção (particularmente no âmbito dos quase trinta anos do projeto Vídeo nas Aldeias), nota-se como, para além de um procedimento ou de um método, projetar filmes a uma comunidade singular ganha o estatuto de dispositivo, com implicações não apenas cinematográficas, mas cosmopolíticas. Em filmes como A arca dos Z’oé (1993), De volta à terra boa (2008), Pirinop – meu primeiro contato (2007), Tava – casa de pedra (2012) e Pele de branco (2012), “comunidades de cinema” se formam e integram a mise-en-scène, forjando uma imagem complexa, na qual o coletivo se reconhece na defasagem de si mesmo.
Os passeios invisíveis do conceito do corpo no Japão
Authors: Collety Viviana de Souza
Published: December 2016

Resumo À luz de disciplinas como a semiótica, ciências da cognição, filosofia, sociologia e arte, o conceito do corpo no Japão é aqui revisitado em toda a sua complexidade. Para acompanhar o instável passeio cognitivo do corpo no Japão, Christine Greiner aponta sua lupa sensível e política para episódios cruciais da história japonesa, desde a pré-história até o momento atual. A partir de um longo e vigoroso percurso de pesquisa em torno das transformações e implicações dos conceitos do corpo no oriente e no ocidente, a pesquisadora revela a amplitude da questão.
La migración de argentinos en la prensa gráfica y los foros de Internet: la construcción diferenciada de colectivos de identificación
Authors: Busso Mariana Patricia
Published: December 2016

Resumen En este artículo se presenta el abordaje teórico empleado para analizar la construcción de colectivos de identificación realizada por la prensa gráfica y por los foros de Internet, entendidos como espacios privilegiados para dar cuenta de los procesos migratorios contemporáneos y, en especial, el fenómeno de la emigración de argentinos del período 2001-2005, estudiado en nuestra tesis doctoral. Reconociendo su importancia como soportes en los que se dota de sentido al proceso migratorio, se presenta una propuesta para su análisis conjunto, reconociendo su importancia en dinámicas específicas de funcionamiento: como formadores de ‘lo público’ para el caso de los diarios, y como interfaz privilegiada de la escritura personal en línea para los foros, en el marco de una sociedad crecientemente mediatizada.
O conceito de recepção na obra de Eliseo Verón: 1968 – 2013
Authors: Fausto Neto Antônio
Published: December 2016

Resumo O conceito de recepção atravessa a obra de Eliseo Verón - 1968-2013. Estudos iniciais enfatizam a dimensão temporal para a produção de sentidos, destacando processos que envolvem momentos específicos para definição da significação: o instante em que uma mensagem é dita e aquele em que é recebida. Tal aspecto tem merecido pouca atenção, mas é algo que exigiria, segundo Verón, muito no futuro. O papel dos atores é destacado, pois reconstruir gramáticas de reconhecimento supõe trabalhar com a palavra individual. Descreve-se a pertinência da noção de “gramáticas” – suas incompletudes e diferentes lógicas – para a formulação da teoria do reconhecimento, a partir da articulação produção/recepção.
Cultura da diversidade: uma orientação teórica para a prática cultural de cooperação social
Authors: Bauer Thomas
Published: December 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é refletir criticamente sobre a questão da diversidade cultural, apoiando-se em teorias culturais e em aspectos da comunicação. Por cultura, compreende-se um processo circular que envolve variedade, pluralidade e atravessamento de distintas perspectivas, não se restringindo a teorias específicas e segmentadas. Nesse sentido e afiliada à cultura, a diversidade se expressa como organismo plural e híbrido, projetando-se nos processos comunicacionais nos quais o outro (a diversidade) é parte intrínseca constituinte. Sendo, portanto, a comunicação uma outra face da cultura (e vice-versa), afirmamos que cabe à mídia proporcionar reflexões críticas sobre o funcionamento da sociedade, ampliando o debate sobre diversidade e configurando seu caráter híbrido e plural.
As primeiras incertezas, o profeta machadiano e o malogro do primeiro livro
Authors: Marques Wilton José
Published: December 2016

Resumo O artigo discute aspectos da formação literária de Machado de Assis através da leitura do poema "O profeta", que tematiza o problema da criação literária, e da discussão sobre um livro malogrado de poemas românticos.
Desonestidade acadêmica: reflexos na formação ética dos profissionais de saúde
Authors: Sousa Rodolfo Neiva de , Conti Valdinei Klein , Salles Alvaro Angelo , Mussel Ivana de Cássia Raimundo
Published: December 2016

Resumo Em vista do elevado grau tecnológico da atualidade, precisa-se continuamente discutir e revisar a temática da ética no ambiente acadêmico. As ferramentas tecnológicas não recriaram o padrão ético, mas passaram a oferecer alternativas aos alunos, facilitando práticas como “cola”, plágio e falsificações, o que tornou ainda mais complexo o desafio da instituição de ensino. Este artigo aponta os prejuízos que a desonestidade acadêmica pode representar para a sociedade, na medida em que refletem no padrão ético dos futuros profissionais. Buscou-se caracterizar os principais tipos de desonestidade acadêmica, indicar exemplos de como algumas práticas são toleradas de forma aberta e de como algumas escolas médicas trabalham o tema em suas matrizes curriculares, comparar como outras culturas tratam essa questão, e, por fim, apresentam-se algumas recomendações gerais acerca de mudanças que possam contribuir para a melhoria do padrão ético e moral nas relações acadêmicas.