bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A generic algorithm to automatically classify urban fabric according to the Local Climate Zone system: implementation in GeoClimate 0.0.1 and application to French cities
Authors: Bernard Jérémy , Bocher Erwan , Gousseff Matthieu , Leconte François , Le Saux Wiederhold Elisabeth
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Geographical features may have a considerable effect on local climate. The Local Climate Zone (LCZ) system proposed by Stewart and Oke (2012) is nowadays seen as a standard referential to classify any zone according to a set of urban canopy parameters. While many methods already exist to map the LCZ, only few tools are openly and freely available. This manuscript presents the algorithm implemented in the GeoClimate software to identify the LCZ of any place in the world based on vector data. Seven types of information are needed as input: building footprint, road and rail networks, water, vegetation and impervious surfaces. First the territory is partitioned into Reference Spatial Units (RSU) using the road and rail network as well as the boundaries of large vegetation and water patches. Then 14 urban canopy parameters are calculated for each RSU. Their values are used to classify each unit to a given LCZ type according to a set of rules. GeoClimate can automatically prepare the inputs and calculate the LCZ for two datasets: OpenStreetMap (OSM - available worldwide) and the BD Topo v2.2 (BDT - a French dataset produced by the national mapping agency). The LCZ are calculated for 22 French communes using these two datasets in order to evaluate the effect of the dataset on the results. About 55 % of all areas has obtained the same LCZ type with large differences when differentiating this result by city (from 30 % to 82 %). The agreement is good for large patches of forest and water as well as for compact mid-rise and open low-rise LCZ types. It is lower for open mid-rise, open high-rise mainly due to height underestimation for OSM buildings located in open areas. By its simplicity of use, Geoclimate has a great potential for new collaboration in the LCZ field. The software (and its source code) used to produce the LCZ data is freely available at https://zenodo.org/record/6372337, the scripts and data used for the purpose of this manuscript can be freely accessed at https://zenodo.org/record/7687911 and are based on the R package available at https://zenodo.org/record/7646866.
Dynamic environment but no temperature change since the late Paleogene at Lühe Basin (Yunnan, China)
Authors: Witkowski Caitlyn R. , Lauretano Vittoria , Farnsworth Alex , Li Shufeng , Li Shi-Hu , Mayser Jan Peter , Naafs B. David A. , Spicer Robert A. , Su Tao , Tang He , Zhou Zhe-Kun , Valdes Paul J. , Pancost Richard D.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The complex tectonic evolution in the Tibetan region has impacted climate, the Asian monsoon system, and the development of major biodiversity hotspots, especially since the onset of the India-Eurasia continental collision during the early Paleogene. Untangling the links between the geologic, climatic, and ecological history of the broader region can provide insights into these Earth system mechanisms, relevant for the future of our rapidly changing planet. To better understand environmental conditions across this critical time and place, we reconstruct the climatic and environmental history from a key sedimentary repository within the Lühe Basin, Yunnan, China, uniquely located between high elevation Tibet and low elevation coastal China. We investigate a 340-m long section using a multi-proxy organic geochemistry approach, complemented with sedimentological interpretations and climate model simulations. The complementary organic geochemical proxies, including n-alkanes, terpenoids, and hopanes, suggest that these thermally immature sediments were deposited in a dynamic environment that fluctuated between low energy floodplains and high energy fluvial systems. Our branched glycerol diakyl glycerol tetraether-based proxies indicate terrestrial temperatures of around 17 °C ± 3 SD and our model-based temperatures indicate terrestrial temperatures for Chattian of around 19 °C, consistent with the literature palaeobotany-based temperatures from the nearby Lühe town section. These combined palaeotemperatures match present-day values, suggesting that this area has not undergone significant temperature change since the late Paleogene.
Sub-frontal niches of plankton communities driven by transport and trophic interactions at ocean fronts
Authors: Mangolte Inès , Lévy Marina , Haëck Clément , Ohman Mark D.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Observations and theory have suggested that ocean fronts are ecological hotspots, associated with higher diversity and biomass across many trophic levels. The hypothesis that these hotspots are driven by frontal nutrient injections is seemingly supported by the frequent observation of opportunistic diatoms at fronts, but the behavior of the rest of the plankton community is largely unknown. Here we investigate the organization of planktonic communities across fronts by analyzing 8 high resolution transects in the California Current Ecosystem containing extensive data for 24 groups of bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton. We find that a distinct frontal plankton community characterized by enhanced biomass of not only diatoms and copepods but many other groups of plankton such as chaetognaths, rhizarians and appendicularians emerges over most fronts. Importantly, we find spatial variability at a finer scale (typically 1–5 km) than the width of the front itself (typically 10–30 km) with peaks of different plankton taxa at different locations across the width of a front. Our results suggest that multiple processes, including horizontal stirring and biotic interactions, are responsible for creating this fine-scale patchiness.
Pleysteinite, [(H2O)0.5K0.5]2Mn2Al3(PO4)4F2(H2O)10  ⋅  4H2O, the Al analogue of benyacarite, from the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Oberpfalz, Bavaria, Germany
Authors: Grey Ian E. , Hochleitner Rupert , Rewitzer Christian , Kampf Anthony R. , MacRae Colin M. , Gable Robert W. , Mumme William G. , Keck Erich , Davidson Cameron
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Pleysteinite,
[(H2O)0.5K0.5]2Mn2Al3(PO4)4F2(H2O)10 ⚫ 4H2O, is the aluminium analogue of benyacarite, from the
Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Oberpfalz, Bavaria, Germany. It was found in
specimens of altered zwieselite, in association with nordgauite, fluellite,
rockbridgeite, pyrite and columbite. Pleysteinite occurs as isolated and
small aggregates of colourless, stubby prisms that are typically 10 to 30 µm wide and up to 100 µm long. The crystals are flattened on
{010} and bounded by {111}, {100} and {001} planes. The calculated density is 2.34 g cm−3. Optically, pleysteinite crystals are biaxial (+), with α=1.566(2), β=1.580(2), γ=1.600(2) (measured in
white light) and 2V(meas.) = 80(1)∘. The empirical formula from
electron microprobe analyses and structure refinement is
[(H2O)0.50K0.50]2(Mn1.20Mg0.49Fe0.272+Zn0.05)∑2.01(Al1.63Fe0.203+Ti0.194+)∑2.02(Al0.56Ti0.444+)
(PO4)4.02[F0.58O0.31(OH)0.11]2(H2O)10 ⚫ 3.92H2O. Pleysteinite has orthorhombic symmetry, with space group
Pbca and unit-cell parameters a = 10.4133(8) Å, b=20.5242(17) Å, c=12.2651(13) Å,
V=2621.4(4) Å3 and Z=4. The crystal structure was refined
using single-crystal data to wRobs=0.054 for 1692 reflections with
I>3σ(I). The crystal structure contains corner-connected
linear trimers of Al-centred octahedra that share corners with PO4
tetrahedra to form 10-member rings parallel to (010). K+ cations and
water molecules are located in the rings. Additional corner-sharing of the
PO4 tetrahedra with Mn(H2O)4O2 octahedra occurs along
[010] to complete the 3D framework structure.
High-frequency, year-round time series of the carbonate chemistry in a high-Arctic fjord (Svalbard)
Authors: Gattuso Jean-Pierre , Alliouane Samir , Fischer Philipp
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The Arctic Ocean is subject to high rates of ocean warming and acidification, with critical implications for marine organisms as well as ecosystems and the services they provide. Carbonate system data in the Arctic realm are spotty in space and time and, until recently, there was no time-series station measuring the carbonate chemistry at high frequency in this region, particularly in coastal waters. We report here on the first high-frequency (1 h), multi-year (5 years) dataset of salinity, temperature, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and pH at a coastal site (11 m) in a high-Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard). We show that (1) the choice of formulations for calculating the dissociation constants of the carbonic acid remains unsettled for Arctic waters, (2) the water column is generally somewhat stratified despite the shallow depth, (3) the saturation state of calcium carbonate is subject to large seasonal changes but never reaches undersaturation (Ωa ranges between 1.4 and 3.0) and (4) pCO2 is lower than atmospheric CO2 at all seasons, making this site a sink for atmospheric CO2 (16.8 mol CO2 m−2 yr−1).
140-year daily ensemble streamflow reconstructions over 661 catchments in France
Authors: Devers Alexandre , Vidal Jean-Philippe , Lauvernet Claire , Vannier Olivier , Caillouet Laurie
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The recent development of the FYRE climate (French Hydroclimate REanalysis), a high-resolution ensemble daily reanalysis of precipitation and temperature covering the period 1871–2012 and the whole of France, offers the opportunity to derive streamflow series over the country from 1871 onwards. The FYRE Climate dataset has been used as input for hydrological modelling over a large sample of 661 near-natural French catchments using the GR6J lumped conceptual model. This approach led to the creation of the 25-member hydrological reconstructions HyDRE spanning the 1871–2012 period. Two sources of uncertainties have been taken into account: (1) the climate uncertainty by using forcings from all 25 ensemble members provided by FYRE Climate, and (2) the streamflow measurement error by perturbing observations used during the calibration. The hydrological model error based on the relative discrepancies between observed and simulated streamflow has been further added to derive the HydREM streamflow reconstructions. These two reconstructions are compared to other hydrological reconstruction with different meteorological inputs, hydrological reconstructions from machine learning algorithm and independent/dependent observations. Overall the results show the added value of the HydRE and HydREM reconstructions in terms of quality, uncertainty estimation, and representation of extremes, therefore allowing to better understand the variability of past hydrology over France.
Assessing the rotor blade deformation and tower–blade tip clearance of a 3.4 MW wind turbine with terrestrial laser scanning
Authors: Helming Paula , Intemann Alex , Webersinke Klaus-Peter , von Freyberg Axel , Sorg Michael , Fischer Andreas
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Wind turbines have grown in size in recent years, making
efficient structural health monitoring of all of their structures even
more important. Wind turbine blades deform elastically under the loads
applied to them by wind and inertial forces acting on the rotating rotor
blades. In order to properly analyze these deformations, an earthbound
system is desirable that can measure the blade deformation, as well as the
tower–blade tip clearance from a large measurement working distance of over
150 m and a single location. To achieve this, a terrestrial laser scanner
(TLS) in line-scanning mode with vertical alignment is used to measure the
distance to passing blades and the tower for different wind loads over time.
In detail, the blade deformations for two different wind load categories are
evaluated and compared. Additionally, the tower–blade tip clearance is
calculated and analyzed with regard to the rotor speed. Using a Monte Carlo
simulation, the measurement uncertainty is determined to be in the millimeter range
for both the blade deformation analysis and the tower–blade tip clearance.
The in-process applicable measurement methods are applied and validated on a
3.4 MW wind turbine with a hub height of 128 m. The deformation of the blade
increases with higher wind speed in the wind direction, while the tower–blade
tip clearance decreases with higher wind speed. Both relations are measured
not only qualitatively but also quantitatively. Furthermore, no difference
between the three rotor blades is observed, and each of the three blades is
shown to be separately measurable. The tower–blade tip clearance is compared
to a reference video measurement, which recorded the tower–blade tip
clearance from the side, validating the novel measurement approach.
Therefore, the proposed setup and methods are proven to be effective tools
for the in-process structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades.
Colonización del Lago de la Casa de Campo (Madrid) por el fitoplancton
Authors: Álvarez Cobelas Miguel
Published: March 2023

El Lago de la Casa de Campo fue desecado en 2018 y desde su reinundación a comienzos del año siguiente se estudiaron la colonización del fitoplancton y los factores que condicionaban su dinámica durante un ciclo anual. En los primeros meses tras el relleno del lago, el morfotipo más frecuente fue el de los flagelados sensu lato y la riqueza de taxones resultó aproximadamente constante, pero la biomasa total se mantuvo baja. A partir de junio, las dos últimas variables aumentaron notablemente, dominando las Clorofitas Chlorococcales y las Cianofitas. Los principales factores de control físico-químico de la biomasa total pudieron ser el carbono orgánico disuelto y el nitrógeno orgánico. Los escasos datos disponibles, registrados en otros años, parecen excluir al zooplancton como factor de control. El origen principal de la colonización fitoplanctónica fue el humedal del Valchico, situado a unos 5 kilómetros aguas arriba, y verosímilmente se debió a la zoocoria por Anátidas.
A Study of the Relationship between Foreign Language Anxiety and Motivation of English Language learners at intermediate level in Pakistan
Authors: Samad Abdus , Zafar Fawad , Mushtaq Muhammad Mazhar
Published: March 2023

Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA) is the unpleasant emotional response to learning a second language, whereas motivation is the fundamental urge to initiate foreign language study and the subsequent impetus to maintain the learning of language. Motivation and anxiety (though studied separately as well by researchers) have yielded groundbreaking results in this study. The researcher works to find the relationship between anxiety and motivation. The investigation employs a quantitative methodology and questionnaires. In order to accomplish this aim, Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) and the Language Learning Orientations Scale (LLOS) were administered to 318 participants of intermediate-level from Kohat's public colleges. For analysis, the data were subjected to Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Correlation Analysis (CA), and Regression Analysis (RA) utilizing the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). As per the findings of the study, various forms of FL motivation are substantially associated with subscales of FL anxiety. In other words, students with various English learning motivations experience varying levels and types of anxiety. We discover a strong yet negative association between motivation and anxiety in this study. In addition, the study demonstrates that intrinsic motivation and amotivation have a greater relationship with anxiety and producing apprehension in language learners; therefore, motivating language learners by fostering their intrinsic motivation is likely to reduce their anxiety regarding English language learning. Teachers should utilize approaches that enhance pupils' intrinsic motivation. Anxiety was negatively associated with language accomplishment; consequently, in order to boost students' English language achievement, language tutors and students must take steps for decreasing FL anxiety. Teachers can reduce the anxiety of language learners by instructing them in learning processes, establishing goals that are neither too simple nor too tough, and employing anxiety-reduction approaches.
FEASIBILITY AND SUITABILITY ANALYSIS OF CANDIREJO AND LOPAIT VILLAGES TO BECOME AGROTOURISM VILLAGES
Authors: Kasim Yosua Aprianto , Sutrisno Alfred Jansen
Published: March 2023

Tuntang District is located in Semarang Regency, Central Java Province. This district has an aquatic landscape, namely Rawa Pening Lake. Rawa Pening Lake has attractive natural tourism potential because of its very beautiful natural scenery and Rawa Pening Lake is sorrounded by mountains. In addition, the lake area is also used as a place for fish cultivation because the outskirts have fish cages, and are also used for irrigation of rice fields. However, this potential has not been developed properly. So the purpose of this research is to analyze the suitability and feasibility of Candirejo Village and Lopait Village to become agro-tourism villages. The research method used is to identify land use using a classification method based on the condition of satellite imagery, Analyzing the social conditions (perceptions) of the community, where the sample was selected using the stratified random sampling method, Analyzing the visual conditions (landscape aesthetics) using the Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE) method, and Assessing the feasibility and suitability of each village based on the results of the previous three stages. The results of the study can be seen in the table of the total value of all the variables in the 2 agro-tourism villages. In conclusion, Candirejo Village and Lopait Village have the potential to be used as agro-tourism villages, but Lopait Village still needs to be improved in several variables.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN HUNIAN KAMAR DI UBUD PADA MASA NEW NORMAL (STUDI KASUS HOTEL THE SHALA UBUD)
Authors: Pramesti I Dewa Ayu Ari , Iswarini Ni Ketut , Adi Ida Ayu Sri Puspa
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the study was to find out marketing strategies to increase room occupancy in Ubud during the new normal period. Based on the data analysis that has been carried out, the results of the marketing strategy have not been optimally implemented by The Shala Bali, because there are several indicators of the 7P marketing mix that have not been implemented optimally, namely product quality indicators where there are several room facilities that are still problematic, brand indicators that are not well known, indicators transportation, namely the lack of lighting at night, the villa distribution channel has not collaborated with offline travel agents, the personal selling indicators owned by the villa are less diverse, and the direct marketing and public relations indicators are not implemented. The people villa element does not yet have a Sales & Marketing department and elements of physical evidence The Shala Bali does not have adequate lighting at night and lacks ample parking space. However, there has been a good implementation of marketing strategies at The Shala Bali, namely indicators of product variety, product design, room size, service, good price list indicators, clear payment periods and requirements, indicators of locations close to tourist destinations in Ubud. and the process elements are good and CHSE certified.
Rekomendasi Pengelolaan Sampah Pada Ekowisata Mangrove Wonorejo Surabaya
Authors: Rachmadiarazaq Rachmadiarazaq , Khadijah Siti Adelita Raif , Furqan Alhilal
Published: March 2023

Ekowisata Mangrove Wonorejo Surabaya merupakan suatu destinasi wisata berbasis hutan mangrove atau hutan bakau yang ada di pesisir pantai timur Kota Surabaya. Pada akhir pekan, Ekowisata Mangrove Wonorejo Surabaya dapat mendatangkan 300 hingga 350 pengunjung, aktivitas wisata yang dilakukan oleh pengunjung akan memberikan dampak positif maupun negatif terkait lingkungan, ekonomi, dan sosial. Meninjau dari konsep pariwisata berkelanjutan, pengelolaan sampah dan limbah yang baik merupakan suatu aspek yang penting yang harus diperhatikan untuk keberlangsungan destinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memberikan rekomendasi terhadap pengelolaan sampah yang sudah dilakukan pada Ekowisata Mangrove Wonorejo Surabaya melalui metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif berdasarkan model pengelolaan sampah pada destinasi wisata. Secara pengelolaan sampah, Ekowisata Mangrove Wonorejo Surabaya sudah memiliki sebuah sistem yang sudah berjalan dalam mengelola sampah, baik sampah-sampah organik maupun anorganik. Namun, Ekowisata Mangrove Wonorejo Surabaya masih harus menyediakan dan meningkatkan sarana dan infrastruktur, baik untuk pengelolaan sampah organik maupun anorganik.
Effect Brand Awareness, Brand Association, and Perceived Quality on Brand Loyalty Through Guest Satisfaction as Mediation Variable at Hotel Le Grande Bali
Authors: Winata Gede Adi Sistha , Diarta I Ketut Surya , Sari Ni Putu Ratna
Published: March 2023

Persaingan industri perhotelan pada sektor pariwista di Bali menjadi semakin kompetitif. Persaingan yang kompetitif membuat hotel di Bali menggunakan strategi yang tidak sehat dalam mencapai target penjualan kamar. Persaingan kompetitif ini timbul akibat tidak tercapainya kondisi ekuilibrium, dimana jumlah kamar yang tersedia dengan jumlah wisatawan dan tamu hotel tidak seimbang terlebih pada situasi pandemi Covid-19. Akibat kondisi oversupply kamar hotel, Hotel Le Grande sebagai hotel dengan klasifikasi bintang 5 mengalami penurunan jumlah repeater guest dan menerapkan strategi price war untuk mencapai target penjualan kamar. Penerapan strategi price war dan penurunan repeater gueast kosekuensi dari nilai brand loyalty yang rendah. Model hubungan pada penelitian ini pengaruh brand awareness, brand association dan perceived quality  terhadap brand loyalty. Mediasi kepuasan tamu (guest satisfaction) dilibatkan sebagai jawaban dalam hubungan antara variabel laten eksogen dan endogen yang tidak konsistensi dari penelitian terdahulu.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif untuk menguji hubungan antar variabel. Analisis yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif berdasarkan analisis multivariat menggunakan model persamaan struktural atau SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) berbasis Partial Least Square (PLS). Teknik  sampling yang digunakan menggukanan non-probability sampling pada accidental sampling dengan jumlah 100 sampel. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan hubungan langsung antara brand awareness, brand association, dan perceived quality berpengaruh secara signifikan dan positif terhadap brand loyalty. Hubungan tidak langsung melalui kepuasan tamu (guest satisfaction) sebagai variabel mediasi, hanya mampu menjadi partial mediation pada pengaruh brand association dan perceived quality secara positif terhadap brand loyalty.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN PENYEGARAN KADER TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KADER POSYANDU
Authors: Tumenggung Imran , Talibo Sofyawati D. , Naway Fatmayanti
Published: March 2023

Cadres are community members who are willing, able and have the time to organize Posyandu activities voluntarily. The knowledge and skills of cadres need to be improved, especially in the duties of cadres in posyandu activities so that they can contribute properly in organizing posyandu activities. Knowledge and skills of cadres can be increased by providing cadre refreshments. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a non-randomized pre and post test group research design. The population in this study were all cadres in the Tilango Health Center, totaling 40 people. Samples were taken from the entire population. The results showed that there were differences in the value of cadre knowledge before and after training, where before training the lowest score was 20% and the highest was 80%, then after training there was an increase in the lowest score to 40% and the highest score to 90%. The results of statistical tests using the Wilcoxon signed rank test obtained a value of p = 0.001 (< α = 0.05), meaning that there was an increase in the knowledge of cadres after receiving training. In conclusion, there is an effect of cadre refreshment on cadre knowledge.Kader adalah anggota masyarakat yang mau, mampu dan memiliki waktu untuk menyelenggarakan kegiatan Posyandu secara sukarela. Pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader perlu ditingkatkan terutama pada tugas kader dalam kegiatan posyandu sehingga dapat berkontribusi dengan baik dalam penyelenggaraan kegiatan posyandu. Pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader dapat ditingkatkan dengan memberikan penyegaran kader.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian non randomized pre and post test group. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh kader yang ada di wilayah Puskesmas Tilango yang berjumlah 40 orang. Sampel diambil dari seluruh populasi. Hasil penelitiaan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nilai pengetahuan kader sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan, di mana sebelum pelatihan diperoleh nilai terendah 20% dan tertinggi 80%, kemudian sesudah diberikan pelatihan terjadi peningkatan nilai terendah menjadi 40% dan nilai tertinggi menjadi 90%.Hasil uji statistik menggunakan wilcoxon signed rank test diperoleh hasil nilai p = 0,001  (< α = 0,05), artinya ada peningkatan pengetahuan kader setelah mendapatkan pelatihan.Kesimpulannya ada pengaruh penyegaran kader terhadap pengetahuan kader.
Sociodemographic Distribution of Bacterial and Fungal External Eye Infections Among Children Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Southeast, Nigeria
Authors: Chigozie Mary Chukwuoha , John Adele Dongo , Emmanuel Chukwudi Esenwah
Published: March 2023

This study which is a prospective cross-sectional survey ascertained the distribution of bacterial and fungal external eye infections among children attending the Federal University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Imo State, Southeast Nigeria. Owerri comprises Owerri Municipal, Owerri West and Owerri North Local Government Areas. The sample population was 460 subjects, aged 1-17years. Ocular samples were collected with sterile swabs from infected eyes for culture and identification to ascertain the type of infection, weather bacterial or fungal. Data were analysed with chi-square, analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation test and simple percentage using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.1 ((P-value ≤0.05). The most occurring eye infection was bacterial conjunctivitis (74.6%), followed by blepharitis (11.3%), bacterial keratitis (5%), hordeolum (3.9%), lid abscess (2.2%) and dacryocystitis (1.7%). Fungal keratitis (1.3%) was the least and only fungal external eye infection seen. Bacteria were found to be the major cause of conjunctival and corneal infections in the eye (86.09%). Bacterial conjunctivitis was most recorded among the 1-3 age group (93.1%), followed by 4-7 age group (80.6%), 8-11 age group (70.6%), 12-14 age group (65%) and 15-17 age group (48.7%). It occurred highest among the males (77.6%) than the females (71.4%). Fungal keratitis was recorded highest (5.1%) among the 15-17 age group followed by 12-14 age group (2.5%), while no case was seen among the other age groups. Owerri West recorded the highest bacterial and fungal external eye infections (43.26%), followed by Owerri North (35.86%) and Owerri Municipal (20.9%). Generally, there was higher rate of external eye infection among the males (50.65%) than females (49.34%).

Key words: External eye infection, Conjunctivitis, Children, Age, Sex, Residential area.
Living Through the Parameters of Technology: Filipino Mothers in Diaspora and Their Mediated Parenting Experiences
Authors: San Pascual Ma. Rosel
Published: March 2023

The ongoing diaspora of Filipino parents in the era of neoteric communication media and technologies (CMT) has progressively been cultivating an innovative breed of Filipino parenting. While migrant parents primarily leave the country to provide for their children, this genre of parenting, which the author labels as “communicated parenting,” offers migrant parents the opportunity to function beyond economic provision by allowing them to parent their children despite the distance. Indeed, extant literature confirms that Filipino migrant mothers engage in communicated parenting through long-distance communication and CMT use. But how do migrant mothers genuinely assess the communication technologies that they use in their communicated parenting and how do they manage the capacities and limitations of these technologies? In keeping with the perspective of Apparatgeist, this article scopes the “experienced parameters” of technologies, or the capacities and limitations of technologies as experienced by Singapore-based Filipino migrant mothers, as well as their attempts to manage these experienced parameters in their efforts to parent their teenage children even across borders.
Koreanovelas, Teleseryes, and the “Diasporization” of the Filipino/the Philippines
Authors: Sanchez Louie Jon
Published: March 2023

In a previous paper, the author had begun discoursing on the process of acculturating Korean/Hallyu soap opera aesthetics in television productions such as Only You (Quintos, 2009), Lovers in Paris (Reyes, 2009), and Kahit Isang Saglit (Perez & Sineneng, 2008). This paper attempts to expand the discussions of his “critico-personal” essay by situating the discussions in what he described as the “diasporization” of the Filipino, and the Philippines, as constructed in recent soap operas namely Princess and I (Lumibao, Pasion, 2012) A Beautiful Affair (Flores, Pobocan, 2012), and Kailangan Ko’y Ikaw (Bernal & Villarin, 2013). In following the three teleserye texts, the author observes three hallyu aesthetic influences now operating in the local sphere—first, what he called the “spectacularization” of the first world imaginary in foreign dramatic/fictional spaces as new “spectre of comparisons” alluding to Benedict Anderson; the crafting of the Filipino character as postcolonially/neocolonially dispossessed; and the continued perpetration of the imagination of Filipino location as archipelagically—and consequently, nationally—incoherent. The influences result in the aforementioned “diasporization”, an important trope of simulated and dramaturgically crafted placelessness in the process of imagining Filipino “communities” and their sense of “historical” reality, while covering issues relating to the plight and conditions of the diasporic Filipino.
Mainstream Care Work Films: A New Filipino Genre as an Assertion of Contemporary History
Authors: Bantugan Brian Saludes
Published: March 2023

The paper proposes a postmodernist framework that can be used to analyze the development not only of care work films that emerged from the Filipinos’ role in the global care work chain and their increasing power to sustain the Philippine film industry but also of other social phenomena that arise from mass production and mass consumption dynamics. The framework derives from theories of Bakhtinian “dialogism,” Foucauldian “discourse,” Gramscian “hegemony,” and Gladwellian “tipping point” and an assertion that care work films, taken as a “new” film genre, is a valid starting point in the study of contemporary Filipino history shaped by globalization.
The Earth is Getting Hotter: Urban Inferno and Outsider Women’s Collectives in Bumi Makin Panas
Authors: Yngvesson Dag
Published: March 2023

Ali Shahab’s controversial 1973 film Bumi Makin Panas (The Earth is Getting Hotter) paints a scalding portrait of rapid urbanization and capitalization during Indonesia’s early New Order years. Jakarta, the capital city, if not quite hell, is closer to a Marxian state of truth in which ideology – for Marx a pervasive, camera obscura-like “inversion” of the actual state of affairs under capitalism – appears to have suddenly capsized; set in a seething urban reality of open hypocrisy, exploitation, and violence, the film functions as material nightmare to the vapid moralist-humanist dreams produced and sold by the state and its agents. Yet while Marx sought to ground his critique in “real, active men, and on the basis of their real life-process” (1947: 47), Shahab, who also wrote Bumi Makin Panas, perceived a different locus of truth: the brothel and its female laborers. As a magnet for those perhaps most thoroughly (and quickly) dispossessed by Indonesia’s rapid shift to the right following the rise of Suharto seven years earlier – poor, formally uneducated women – Shahab sees in the brothel a central node of the morally bankrupt urban economy. Yet therein lies its ostensibly utopian potential as a collective space in which women simultaneously cater to, and learn to understand, exploit and shield themselves from, the unbridled “male” desire (pervading both men and women in positions of power) that is burning through city and nation. This paper will focus on Shahab’s fascinating, if at times problematic, formulation of the brothel as an ideology-canceling lens of populist political critique. Also a “pulp” novelist of some renown, Shahab brought an obtuse, cult film-esque bricolage of sights, sounds and styles to the screen. Despite the uneven, and occasionally substandard, aesthetic veneer this produced, Shahab and his collaborators succeeded in imbuing the space of the urban bordello with a sharp, absurdist-realist edge. The effect is to shred the veil of prurient romanticism otherwise produced by images of besotted, powerful men surrounded with willing, scantily-clad young women. In many ways, Bumi Makin Panas traffics in what Laura Mulvey famously termed women’s “to-be-looked-at-ness” on-screen. Yet it simultaneously attacks and revokes the visual pleasure it sells. My analysis will focus in particular on the connections made by the film between the spheres of prostitution, bohemian artists seeking authenticity in pleasurable proximity to “the masses,” and the wealthy aristocrats and business elites whose patronage of both produces the always already compromised economic ground on which they meet. In this sense, the film reflects on the strong historical connections between the birth of Indonesian national cinema and the post-independence gathering of artists, writers, filmmakers and affluent patrons in Senen, an area of Jakarta featuring a famous movie house, a traditional theater, cheap food and coffee, and rows of quasi-legal brothels.
Commercial Gestational Surrogacy and Afrocentrism: A Determination of the Nigerian Disposition
Authors: Adamu Cyril Osilama
Published: March 2023

This study surveys the disposition of Nigerians to commercial gestational surrogacy. It also examines the moral dilemma created by the fragmentation of motherhood into biological, gestational, and social motherhood that has created enormous conflicts over who should be considered a ‘mother’ and the concomitant parental rights and responsibilities for a child. The debates surrounding gestational surrogacy and its implications on existing reproductive rights raises most profound issues on the maternal roles which historically resided in one mother, and how this phenomenon can be situated within the African cultural milieu. While legislations exist in many countries on the permissibility or otherwise of commercial gestational surrogacy, there are no meaningful legislation specific to commercial gestational surrogacy in Nigeria. Therefore, the overall objective of this research is to determine the Nigerian disposition to commercial gestational surrogacy. To achieve this objective, a total sample size of two thousand (2000) questionnaires containing thirty items, aimed at capturing the subjectivity and phenomenology of this study, were randomly distributed amongst some selected Nigerians, and responses were collected and analyzed using simple percentages. Data collected indicates that 89.2% of the respondents were negatively disposed to commercial gestational surrogacy. Findings further show that gestational surrogacy presents challenges with some ethical and Afrocentric objections and unfavourable disposition. In conclusion, this study recognizes that gestational surrogacy has the potentials to adversely impact the value of human dignity and the family unit, and therefore a problem of public ethos. This study recommends that an authentic Afrocentric ethics should drive any legislation that might emanate from Nigeria concerning commercial gestational surrogacy, that Afrocentrism should be of paramount consideration in all gestational surrogacy engagements. Therefore, the Afrocentric import of gestational surrogacy should form a starting point of all engagements and actionable programmes in this novel emerging moral dilemma called “gestational surrogacy.”
Enhancing University Students’ Ecoliteracy Through Concept Mapping Instructional Strategy
Authors: S. Bello , M.I. Gatawa , B.U. Mani
Published: March 2023

Lives on earth solely depend on the environment for food, shelter and production of the next generation. Ecologically literate society ensures the sustainability of a healthy environment for future generations. This study aimed at enhancing the ecoliteracy of university students through concept mapping. To achieve that, four research questions and hypotheses were answered and tested respectively. Quasi-experimental design, involving experimental and control groups, was employed. 210 students were selected from four programmes in the two universities in Sokoto State, Nigeria using convenient and random sampling techniques. The ecological knowledge and Thinking Test was used for data collection. The statistical tool used for data analysis was independent t-test. The study found that both concept mapping and lecture methods enhanced students’ ecological knowledge, but concept maps enhanced students' critical thinking more than lecture methods. Thus, the study recommends the use of concept mapping during ecoliteracy training designed to promote ecological critical thinking.
Kesalahan dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Induksi
Authors: Romadlona Ahmadah Faashichah
Published: March 2023

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian kali ini adalah Mengetahui kesalahan apa saja ketika siswa menyelesaikan soal Induksi, tak lupa juaga untuk mengetahui penyebab kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal Induksi. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian kali ini. Penggunaan strategi yakni studi kasus dilakukan peneliti kali ini dengan subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA 6 MA Negeri 1 Mojokerto Tahun Akademik 2022/2023. Purposive sampling dipilih peneliti untuk menentukan subyek dan diperoleh 3 siswa dengan nilai terendah dalam menyelesaikan soal induksi. Tes yang digunakan berbentuk essay dengan 1 soal dan diteruskan dengan wawancara. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh bahwa pemahaman konsep menjadi jenis kesalahan yang utama dan juga terdapat factor yang lain yakni kurangnya menguasai konsep pada materi Induksi Matematika, selain itu siswa juga ceroboh dan kurang teliti pada operasi hitung.
The Development of English Syllabus Based on Hypnoteaching Method
Authors: Rahmawan Rois
Published: March 2023

Syllabus is very important for teachers, it is used by the teachers as reference before they do the teaching learning process, Syllabus is very flexible and contextual based on students' condition. Syllabus contain alternative for teachers when they teach. The teachers' creativity will rise when teachers understand the students' characters and their environments condition. To understand the students characters and their environments, researcher combines the syllabus with hypnotherapy sciences. In this study the researcher developed syllabus and hypnosis in hypnotherapy. Researcher combines between hypnosis technique and teaching techniques. This combination becollle the Hypnoteaching technique and applied in syllabus of K13. In Hypnoteaching teacher makes the classroom activity become more interesting and students have competence to motivate their self and other friends. To Inake this thesis focus on the discussion, the researcher developed the syllabus of' K1 3 based on the Hypnoteaching method. The researcher used Research and Delopement. The setting of this research was SMP Nurul Islam Ponpes Nurul Islam Pungging-Mojokerto and the subject of this study was English teacher of SMP Nurul Islam Ponpes Nurul Islam Pungging-Mojokerto. It is done because English teacher does not develop the syllabus mean while the students need the special treatment in English class. The researcher presented the result of this research that was gotten by using Guide interview, observation and checklist. In this syllabus development Teacher used technique of hypnotherapy and brings the students come to hypnosis condition in subconscious mind and students do not complicate to receive the information.
Metaverse Evrenine Giriş Yapan Markalar Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÜLGER Yeşim Tuba , ÜLGER Hülya Tuğçe
Published: March 2023

Teknoloji, dünyamızı her geçen gün hızla yenilemekte ve değiştirmektedir. Bu yeniliğe ve gelişime uyum sağlamak, çağa da uyum sağlamanın koşullarından biri haline gelmiştir. Covid-19 salgını ile birlikte giderek dijitalleşen dünyada, uzaktan eğitim, çevrimiçi ortamlar, sanal gerçeklik gibi kavramlar belli bir süreçten geçerek hayatımıza girmiştir. Fiziksel ve dijital dünyaların birleşimi olarak adlandırılan Metaverse, son zamanların en popüler konularından biridir. İnternet ötesi ile ilgili bir fikir olan Metaverse kavramı, fiziksel olarak yer ve zaman kısıtları nedeniyle insanların gerçekleştiremediği deneyimleri, sınırsız gerçeklikle sunan uçsuz bir platformdur. Metaverse, birçok kullanıcı için biraz yeni bir kavram olabilir, ancak şimdiden çok çeşitli markalar ve şirketler tarafından benimsenmeye başladığı görülmektedir. Son zamanlarda Dünyaca ünlü markalar bu sanal evrendeki yatırımlarını hızla artırarak, her geçen gün yeni Metaverse planlarını tüm dünya ile paylaşmaya başlamışlardır. Bu çalışmada, son günlerde adı daha da sık duyulmaya başlanan Metaverse kavramı ile ilgili bilgilere yer verilerek, medyada yer alan Metaverse evrenine geçiş yapan markalar literatür temelli incelenerek, dünyaca ünlü markaların bu sanal ortama giriş adımlarına ve geleceklerine ilişkin çıkarımlara odaklanılmaktadır.
Pengaruh CAR, LDR, BOPO, dan NPL Terhadap Profitabilitas (ROA) Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Kota Malang (Tahun 2018-2021)
Authors: Wardana Michael , B Setiadi Pompong
Published: March 2023

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the profitability of Rural Banks (BPR) in the city of Malang. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression methods, and the data used is secondary data sourced from the Financial Services Authority (OJK). The data collected is financial report data from 2018 to 2021. The data is processed using the multiple linear regression analysis technique. The results showed that the LDR variable had a positive and insignificant effect on profitability, CAR had a positive and significant effect on profitability, BOPO had a negative and significant effect on profitability, and NPL had a negative and significant effect on profitability.
Multi-scale Generative Adversarial Deblurring Network with Gradient Guidance
Authors: Jinxiu Zhu Jinxiu Zhu , Jinxiu Zhu Xue Xu , Xue Xu Chang Choi , Chang Choi Xin Su
Published: March 2023

<>With regards to the lack of crisp edges and a poor recovery of high frequency information such as details in deblurred motion pictures, this research proposes a multi-scale adversarial deblurring network with gradient guidance (MADN). The algorithm uses the classical generative adversarial network (GAN) framework, consisting of a generator and a discriminator. The generator includes a multi-scale convolutional network and a gradient feature extraction network. The multi-scale convolutional network extracts image features at different scales with a nested connection residual codec structure to improve the image edge structure recovery and to increase the perceptual field. This gradient network incorporates with intermediate scale features to extract the gradient features of blurred images to obtain their high frequency information. The generator combines the gradient and multiscale features to recover the remaining high-frequency information in a deblurred image. The loss function of MADN is formed in this research combining adversarial loss, pixel L2-norm loss and mean absolute error. Compared to those experimental results obtained from current deblurring algorithms, our experimental results indicate visually clearer images retaining more information such as edges and details. This MADN algorithm enhances the peak signal-to-noise ratio by an average of 3.32dB and the structural similarity by an average of 0.053.<>
An Architecture for Electronic Exchange of Official Document Based on Email and Blockchain
Authors: Chu-Mei Chiu Chu-Mei Chiu , Chu-Mei Chiu Fang-Ming Hsu , Fang-Ming Hsu Meng-Hsiang Shen , Meng-Hsiang Shen Chun-Min Lin
Published: March 2023

Official documents are considered as a critical communications channel among agencies, organizations, and the public. With the rise of e-government, most official documents have been evolved from printed to electronic form in recent decades. However, the convenience of electronic documents also brings higher security risks. Through the integration of email and blockchain technology, this study proposes an architecture for the electronic exchange of official documents to bridge the gap between convenience and security. With the verification of the proposed system, the findings provide a valuable reference for the governance of agencies.

 
An Efficient Filtering Algorithm against Impulse Noise in Communication Systems
Authors: Yijie Tang Yijie Tang , Yijie Tang Guobing Qian , Guobing Qian Wenqi Wu , Wenqi Wu Ying-Ren Chien
Published: March 2023

The kernel adaptive filter (KAF), which processes data in the reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS), can improve the performance of conventional adaptive filters in nonlinear systems. However, the presence of impulse noise can seriously degrade the performance of KAF. In this paper, we propose a kernel modified-sign least-mean-square algorithm (KMSLMS) to mitigate the impact of impulse noise in communication systems. Moreover, we apply the nearest-instance-centroid estimation (NICE) algorithm to reduce the computational complexity of our KMSLMS algorithm, called the NICE-KMSLMS algorithm. Finally, computer simulations were used to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed method. Compared with the conventional kernel least-mean-square algorithm (KLMS), our proposed method can improve the testing mean-squared error (MSE) by 2.32 dB and 7.39 dB for the nonlinear channel equalization and Mackey-Glass chaotic time series prediction problems, respectively. Furthermore, the testing MSE degradation caused by combining the NICE algorithm with our KMSLMS algorithm is negligible but can save about 55% computational cost in terms of the required mean size.

 
Il pediatra e i figli e le figlie di genitori che si separano
Authors: Seppia Patrizia , Di Cosmo Giuseppina
Published: March 2023

The pediatrician is a privileged observer of child and his family life. How can he support reliable parenting and how can detect Signs of child being unwell in the event of parents’ separations? Considerations on the subject.