bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An open label trial of a standardized extract of cultured Lentinula edodes mycelia (ECLM) in children with refractory epilepsy
Authors: Mikhailichenko Natalia V. , Kulagin Viacheslav , Shio Takuma , Takanari Jun , Cheng-Chung Wei James
Published: April 2019

Objectives: This open-label trial was performed to assess the immune markers in a cohort of children with refractory epilepsy in order to identify diagnostic and therapeutic markers and to also investigate the effect of an immunologically active supplement derived from mushroom, a standardized extract of cultured Lentinula edodes mycelia (ECLM), on the clinical status and on the immunological markers in the subjects.Methods: Eighteen pediatric patients diagnosed with refractory epilepsy in which antiepileptic therapy was not effective were enrolled. All subjects were also treated with anticonvulsant medications for their seizures. Patients were administered 0.6 g/day (< 3 years old) or 1.2 g/day (> 3 years old) of ECLM (fine-granule equivalent) orally for one month. Immunological markers were assessed at baseline and after one month. Video electroencephalogram (EEG) was taken twice, once before the trials and once at the end of ECLM treatment. Seizure frequency and behavioral symptoms were measured by a questionnaire survey of the parents. A two-month follow-up was also performed for surveillance of secondary infections.Results: The subjects treated with ECLM showed significant elevation of several immune parameters including immunoglobulin G (IgG), CD3, CD4, and CD20 lymphocytes, and phagocytic index. Six of the 18 children on stable anticonvulsant drugs had fewer seizures reported during the ECLM treatment. The ECLM-treated patients also had less sharp and spike activity in the EEG measurement. At the two-month follow-up, the ECLM-treated subjects had developed fewer infections and viral syndromes compared to their condition before the trial. The children’s family reported other subjective behavioral improvements, leading to improved quality of life (QOL). Conclusion: ECLM administration to the pediatric patients with refractory epilepsy contributed to improvement of epileptic manifestation and decrease of epileptic seizure, possibly by suppressing the reactivation of herpes virus, as well as improvement of QOL. In addition, it was demonstrated that ECLM is a safe supplement for infants and children. Keywords: ECLM, epilepsy, children, pediatric, mushroom
Continuous intravenous vitamin C in the cancer treatment: re-evaluation of a Phase I clinical study
Authors: Mikirova Nina , Casciari Joseph , Hunninghake Ronald
Published: April 2019

Background: Intravenous high-dose vitamin C (IVC) therapy is widely used in naturopathic and integrative oncology. A number of Phase I and Phase II clinical trials were launched to prove the benefits of the IVC therapy. Many case studies demonstrated the effectiveness of IVC, with various degrees of success. Clinical trials using IVC to treat cancer have, to date, demonstrated its safety without conclusively proven its efficacy.  One difficulty in administering IVC is determining the optimal treatment schedule.  To this end, data from a previous Phase 1 clinical trial conducted in 1998 using continuous vitamin C infusions was analyzed to examine the effects of this regimen on key prognostic parameters.  Method: Twenty-four subjects were given continuous IVC at doses between 150 and 710 mg/kg/day. Most of the patients had colon cancer with liver and lung metastasis and three patients had pancreatic or liver cancer. All patients had several chemotherapy/radiation treatments before entering the study. Patients were treated by pharmaceutical grade sodium ascorbate diluted in Lactated Ringers solution with the rate of infusion of 20 ml/hr or 10 ml/hr for lower doses. This diluted solution was administered by continuous infusion.Results: Prior to treatment, serum lymphocyte counts and ascorbate concentrations tended to be low while serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), neutrophils, and glucose tended to be high.  Improvements were seen during IVC therapy.  In patients with initially elevated neutrophil levels, numbers tended to decrease.  In contrast, increased absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte numbers were seen in patients with initially low counts.  Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios (NLR) proved to be a good indicator of cancer patients’ survival times (high NLR, low survival).   This was also true of LDH, creatinine, and glucose concentrations.   In patients with the highest pre-treatment NLR, rate of growth of this ratio decreased significantly during therapy.  IVC treatments were also associated with decreases in glucose concentrations, restoration of vitamin C levels, and, in about 40% of cases, reductions in LDH levels. Conclusions: As the result of the study we found that continuous IVC infusions improved several parameters associated with poor cancer prognosis. The data suggests a strategic benefit to using lower IVC doses in continuous infusions: raising the dose above 300 mg/kg/day (20 grams in 70 kg human) increased the frequency of side effects without noticeably increasing plasma ascorbate levels.  Moreover, improvements in lymphocyte counts at low IVC doses tended to decrease at the higher doses.  In conclusion, continuous infusions had benefits to cancer patients and further research in this area is warranted.Keywords: ascorbic acid; continuous infusion; cancer patients; clinical trial; lymphopenia; neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; hyperglycemia; safety.
On the uniqueness and analyticity in viscoelasticity with double porosity
Authors: Bazarra N. , Fernández J.R. , Leseduarte M.C. , Magaña A. , Quintanilla R.
Published: April 2019

In this paper we analyze the system of equations that models the behaviour of materials with a double porous structure. We introduce dissipation mechanisms in both structures. We show existence, uniqueness and analyticity for the solutions of the system. As consequences, exponential stability and impossibility of localization for the solutions are obtained.
Stochastic homogenization of rate-dependent models of monotone type in plasticity
Authors: Heida Martin , Nesenenko Sergiy
Published: April 2019

In this work we deal with the stochastic homogenization of the initial boundary value problems of monotone type. The models of monotone type under consideration describe the deformation behaviour of inelastic materials with a microstructure which can be characterised by random measures. Based on the Fitzpatrick function concept we reduce the study of the asymptotic behaviour of monotone operators associated with our models to the problem of the stochastic homogenization of convex functionals within an ergodic and stationary setting. The concept of Fitzpatrick’s function helps us to introduce and show the existence of the weak solutions for rate-dependent systems. The derivations of the homogenization results presented in this work are based on the stochastic two-scale convergence in Sobolev spaces. For completeness, we also present some two-scale homogenization results for convex functionals, which are related to the classical Γ-convergence theory.
DAMPAK FILM TELEVISI TERHADAP PERILAKU SISWA
Authors: Safari Safari
Published: April 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan persepsi pengawas sekolah terhadap dampak film dalam televisi terhadap perilaku siswa. Berdasarkan analisis Chi-Square dari 98 responden pengawas sekolah di 15 provinsi, yang terdiri dari (1) pengawas sekolah TK/SD/SDLB, (2) pengawas sekolah rumpun mata pelajaran (RM), dan (3) pengawas sekolah bimbingan dan konseling (BK), maka diperoleh hasil penelitian seperti berikut ini. Hasil penelitian yang pertama menunjukkan bahwa menonton televisi dalam hari-hari sekolah dapat mengganggu belajar siswa. Alasannya di antaranya adalah karena: anak akan lupa belajar jika acaranya menarik, konsentrasi belajar siswa tidak terfokus, acaranya tidak sesuai dengan mata pelajaran, siswa menjadi malas belajar. Hasil penelitian ini, termasuk hasil penelitian berikut, menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan di antara para pengawas sekolah (P>0,05). Hasil penelitian berikutnya menunjukkan bahwa: (1) iklan yang ditonton/ ditayangkan di televisi dapat berdampak negatif terhadap perilaku siswa, (2) film komedi berdampak positif terhadap perilaku siswa, (3) film drama keluarga berdampak positif terhadap perilaku siswa, (4) film horor/setan yang ditayangkan di televisi dapat berdampak negatif terhadap perilaku siswa, (5) film kartun berdampak positif terhadap perilaku siswa, dan (6) film keagamaan berdampak positif terhadap perilaku siswa
The Correlation between Calcium Serum and Calcium Urine Level with the Blood Pressure in Preeclampsia
Authors: Suryono Deni W.
Published: April 2019

Objective: To analyze the differences of calcium serum and calcium urine level in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy, and to analyze the correlation between calcium serum and calcium urine level with blood pressure.

Method: This study is a cross sectional study with 44 women with preeclampsia and 45 women with normal pregnancies, that meet our inclusion criteria. The samples were obtained from Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital and six satellite hospitals from June to September 2011. The comparison of mean calcium serum and calcium urine

level of the preeclampsia group was calculated using Mann-Whitney test, and the correlation between calcium serum and calcium urine level and preeclampsia were calculated using Rank Spearman correlation test.

Result: The result of the characteristic test in two groups of study shows that both groups are homogenic and comparable. The mean of calcium serum level in women with preeclampsia (7.97 mg/dl) is lower than in normal pregnancy (8.82 mg/dl) with p
Factors Influencing the Knowledge Level of Pap Smear Examination in Cervical Cancer Patients
Authors: Soemardji Wulan M.
Published: April 2019

Objective: To describe the level of knowledge of Pap smear examination and its influencing factors in cervical cancer patients. Methods: Patients meeting the inclusion criteria were asked to fill questionnaire. Acquired data will then be processed and analyzed statistically. Result: This study was performed to 45 cervical cancer patients. We found that the majority of subjects was in the 41-45 years age groups (36%), housewife (87%), graduated junior high school (51%), and lived in Manado city (53.3%). Thirty one patients (69%) had a lacking knowledge about Pap smear examination. Among 25 respondents (56%) who had received the information before, only 13 respondents (52%) had already had their Pap smear examination. This unwillingness to participate in the examination was caused by fear (75%), laziness (8%), no complaint (8%), and no support from the husband (8%). The information factor had the greatest influence on the level of knowledge about Pap smear examination. Conclusion: The knowledge level of Pap smear is still low and the most influencing factor for this result is the lack of information (p < 0.05). [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-2: 61-5] Keywords: cervical cancer patients, information, knowledge, Pap smear
The Salivary Estriol Level was Higher in Preterm Delivery Compared to that in Preterm Pregnancy
Authors: Purba Erwin
Published: April 2019

Objective: To know the difference of salivary estriol level between patients with preterm birth and preterm pregnancy of 32-36 weeks and to determine the correlation between the level of estriol in saliva and the incidence of preterm delivery. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional studies of 80 patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital and its networks. The subjects are 40 patients in labor and 40 patients in preterm pregnancy, that met the inclusion criterias during the period September 2011 to November 2011. We took the salivary sample and examine the level of estriol. The data were analyzed by Shapiro-Wilk and Mann Whitney test. Result: The study found that the difference of salivary estriol levels in preterm labor and preterm pregnancy groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). The mean salivary estriol levels in preterm labor group was 3438.75 while the mean value of estriol levels in preterm pregnancy group was 686.10 and ranges of each group is 1188-16338 and 88-1180. Conclusion: The value of salivary estriol levels were higher in preterm labor compared to the level in preterm pregnancy. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-2: 66-70] Keywords: preterm labor, salivary estriol
High Level of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α is a Risk Factor for Preeclampsia
Authors: Anom I.G.N.
Published: April 2019

Objective: To define that elevated TNF-α serum level was the risk factor of preeclampsia in pregnancy.

Method: This research is a case-control study. From 56 pregnant women, there are 28 women with preeclampsia and the other 28 women with normal pregnancy. Then the serum level of TNF-α was obtained at Prodia’s clinical Laboratory Denpasar. Data’s normality test was done with Kolmogorov-Smirnov, then an analysis of data was done with Independent Sample Test, predictive value a = 0.05.

To define the role of TNF-α level in preeclampsia, Chi-Square test was chosen.

Result: From this research we found the average level of TNF-α in preeclampsia (6.64 ± 7.64 pg/ml) was higher than in normal pregnancy (2.42 ± 1.77 pg/ml). Analysis with t-independent test shows that the t-value was 2.85 and p-value was 0.006, which means that the average level of TNF-α between the two group was significantly

different (with predictive value, p
The Serum Level of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is Declined after Paclitaxel-Carboplatin Combined Chemotherapy Treatment on Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Abdullah Amelia
Published: April 2019

Objective: To assess the effect of Paclitaxel-Carboplatin combination on epithelial ovarian cancer by studying the changes in VEGF serum levels after receiving 3 series of chemotherapy.

Methods: This was a cohort study conducted at several teaching hospitals in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of the Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University from April 2011 to March 2012. The subjects were patients with ovarian cancer who met the inclusion criteria and had undergone surgery. The clinical staging was determined with 2009 FIGO criteria. They went through histopathology examination to determine the histological type and cell differentiation of the lesion. They also went through combined chemotherapy of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin. The data were analyzed with paired t-test.

Results: The study reveals that out of 30 cases of ovarian cancer who received a combination chemotherapy, most were < 45 years of age (53.33%), nulliparous (46.7%), serosum type (53.3%), with moderate differentiation (36.7%), and in advanced stage (73.3%). The VEGF serum level after 3 series of chemotherapy was lower than before (the average value: 294.67 vs 572.77 ng/ml). There was a significant change in VEGF serum level after receiving chemotherapy (p=0.000). The VEGF serum level of advanced-stage and early stage epithelial ovarian cancer after chemotherapy decreases significantly

(p=0.000 and p=0.011). The advanced-stage cases showed more responses to chemotherapy than the early-stage did. There was a tendency that adenocarcinoma serosum type was more responsive

to the therapy than mucinosum type (p=0.000 vs 0.003).

Conclusion: There is no difference in VEGF serum level based on cell differentiation but there is a tendency that well and moderate differentiated cells have a greater change than the poor differentiated cells (p=0.003, p=0.003 vs p=0.019).

[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-3: 135-9]

Keywords: carboplatin, epithelial ovarian cancer, paclitaxel, VEGF
Severe Complication of Uterine Perforation and Ileum Prolapse after Having Unsafe Abortion
Authors: Pradana Aryando
Published: April 2019

Objective: Discuss complication after unsafe abortion and management of uterine perforation after curettage.

Methods: Case report.

Conclusion: Uterine perforation and ileum prolapse in this patient was a complication from unsafe abortion from unregistered health practicioner, fortunately the outcome is good, although actually it could be prevent.

[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-3:150-3]

Keywords: hysteroraphy, ileum anastomose, ileum laceration, ileum prolapse, ileum resection, incomplete abortion, uterine perforation
A Comparison between the Level of Interleukin 10 (IL-10) in Aterm and Preterm Labor
Authors: Lisangan Yusri
Published: April 2019

Objective: To compare the level of interleukin 10 in aterm and preterm labor.

Method: The research was conducted from November 1st 2011 until January 31st 2012. The subjects were pregnant women underwent labor during the period who had agreed to participate in this study. The study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology departments of several teaching hospitals of Hasanuddin University in Makassar. The study design was cross sectional with 48 samples. The data were analysed by using the Mann Whithney test.

Results: The result revealed that there was an increase of interleukin 10 level in mothers with preterm labor, in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The level of interleukin 10 in mothers with preterm labor are higher than aterm labors less than espective.

[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-4: 163-6]

Keywords: interleukin 10, preterm labor
Expression of Fas Ligand is Higher in Early Stage Cervical Cancer with Lymph Nodes Metastasis
Authors: Irwanto Yahya
Published: April 2019

Objective: To know whether the expression of Fas Ligand has correlation with incidene of metastasis of pelvic lymph node and lymph-vascular stromal invasion (LVSI).

Methods: All patients diagnosed of cervical cancer stage IB or IIA who underwent radical hysterectomy in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Central General Hospital from January 2008 until December 2009 were included in analytic cross sectional study. We tested expression of Fas Ligand in cervical cancer specimen by immunohystochemistry with monoclonal antibody. The expression of Fas Ligand was compared between the group of patients with a positive and negative pelvic lymph node and between LVSI positive and negative. The difference of expression in both group were statistically analized with Chi-square test and the correlation Spearman test.

Result: Ninety one patients underwent radical hysterectomy for two years and 43 patients were included in these study. The expression of Fas Ligand in 7 patients (16.3%) were negative and the others were positive, with weak, moderate and strong expression were 4 (9.3%), 27 (62.8%), and 5 (11.6%) respectively. The expression of

Fas Ligand was significantly higher in the group of patients with positive pelvic lymph node compared to the group of the patients with negative pelvic lymph node (p=0.007) but there was no significant difference between group of the patients with LVSI positive and negative. With Spearman test, we found that the expression of Fas

Ligand had a strong correlation with pelvic lymph nodes metastasis (coeff. correlation=0.519 and p=0.00) and have no correlation with LVSI (coef. corellation=0.112 and p=0.474).

Conclusion: These finding suggested that expression of Fas Ligand in cervical cancer patients has a strong correlation with the incidence of pelvic lymph node metastasis and none with LVSI.

[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-4: 194-9]

Keywords: cervical cancer, fas ligand, immunohystochemistry, LVSI, pelvic lymph node metastasis
The Value of Local Wisdom in the Contextualization of Budgeting in Aceh
Authors: Suganda Delfi , Murtazam Teguh
Published: April 2019

Aceh Province is a special area. Acts No. 11 of 2006 concerning theGovernment of Aceh provides freedom in terms of managing the government,especially regarding the implementation of Islamic law in Aceh. Islamic Shari’a isnot only understood as a rule that regulates education, but also about regulation ingovernment management in Aceh. One part of the government is about compilingregional spending in Aceh. This research is focused on budgeting which will becontextualized with Acehnese values, namely the local value of implementingIslamic law in Aceh. Priority indicators for a budget arrangement so that theyfulfill the requirements as ideal budgets according to Islam (Islamic budget ideal).In terms of substance, this research is classified into qualitative research, whichfocuses on the depth and sharpness of the study. So if more quantitative researchis on a broad, broad framework, the qualitative study is digging, swooping, anddeep. Islamic budgeting is a value that in this context wants to be included in thebudget in South Aceh. Based on the results of the study it was found that in terms ofthe determination of post-expenditure it is possible to include the values of IslamicShari’a. In this case the post expenditure is based on maqasid as-Syari’iyah. Interms of revenue, only zakat, shadaqah, and infaq are possible to be contextualized.As for ‘usyr, rikaz, etc., it is not possible because regional revenues from the fiscalside are regulated so rigid in state regulations
Judicial Education Development Issues and Prospects in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the Light of the OECD Countries’ Experience
Authors: Busurmanov Zhumabek , Kussainova Aiman , Nazarkulova Lazzat , Kanatov Almas
Published: April 2019

The relevance of the topic is determined by the needs of modern Kazakhstani society in an independent judiciary and highly professional judges, capable of being a genuine guarantor of human and citizen rights and freedoms. Based on the study of the OECD countries’ experience, it is argued that it is the judicial education that plays a key role in the formation of an independent, highly professional judiciary. The current state of judicial education in the Republic of Kazakhstan and its development issues are considered. Prospective directions of its development are justified based on the OECD countries’ experience. A number of measures for improving judicial education is argued to be undertaken: the need for compulsory special training of candidates for the position of a judge, the development of teaching staff through the involvement of the best sitting judges in the training process, and the need to remove judicial education from the executive authorities. The role of new technologies in the development of judicial education is particularly mentioned.
Human Capital Efficiency and Financial Performance: Empirical Evidence of Malaysian Public Companies
Authors: Rahim Azlina , Kamaluddin Amrizah , Atan Ruhaya
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate empirically the relationship between human capital efficiency and financial performance of Malaysian public companies. Using accounting data, this study reviewed the annual reports of Malaysian companies for a period of thirteen years from 2000 to 2012. The study applied Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAICTM) methodology developed by Ante Pulic to determine the human capital efficiency of a company. The regression models was construct to examine the relationship between human capital efficiency and financial performance measures including return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE).The results revealed that human capital efficiency has significant and positive relationships with financial performance. The human capital efficiency is seen as a value driver for a company’s competitiveness. Hence, the findings of this study should help companies’ managers to make better decision pertaining to investment of their strategic asset that is human capital.
Blockholders and Firm Performance: A Malaysian Evidence
Authors: Mokhtar Imani , Syed Mohd Zain Sharifah Raihan , Duasa Jarita , Mohamad Azhar
Published: April 2019

This study enhances the corporate governance literature by investigating the influence of blockholders on firm performance. Employing panel data estimations, this study works on a sample of 526 non-financial listed firms in Malaysia from 2006 to 2015. Overall, our findings reveal that firm performance is negatively associated with blockholders presence but positively related to blockholders total ownership concentration. Further examinations reveal that identity of blockholders matters in influencing performance of the firm. We also found that board governance mechanisms particularly independent directors and CEO duality play a significant monitoring role in relation to firm performance. More importantly, our findings are robust to a wide variety of performance measure which includes accounting, market and value based measures. Finally, findings of our study could facilitate the regulatory bodies and firm managers in promoting better and effective corporate governance in Malaysia. Investors may also benefit from our findings in understanding corporate governance of Malaysian firms and thus diversify their investment portfolios.
Corporate Social Responsibility in Malaysian Organisations: Community Environmental Dimensions and Islamic Perspective
Authors: Ramli Aliza , Fahmi Fadzlina , Darus Faizah , Mohamed Zain Mustaffa
Published: April 2019

Islamic organizations have the upmost responsibility to ensure that their business operations comply with Shariah principles. However, their approaches to positive actions through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) have been varied because of inadequate guidance on the initiatives based on Islamic principles. Despite that CSR has been widely researched and is considered by most as a compulsory practice to be competitive, the current framework for CSR does not incorporate the Shariah principle to explain corporate involvement in social and environmental activities for Islamic organizations. Therefore, utilizing the Islamic CSR framework (i-CSR), this paper explores the current state of CSR initiatives and the motives for stakeholder engagement specifically from the environmental community dimension within Malaysian Islamic organizations. Semi-structured interviews with ten personnel from five Islamic organizations were conducted face to face at the field site. Data analyzed using NVivo software reveals that these organizations have embraced social responsibility beyond its business purpose. The CSR activities are in line with the Shariah principle and are influenced by multiple motivations. The results suggest the importance of an appropriate CSR framework and if adopted, it can be an important element of the overall governance and accountability framework of an Islamic organization.
Critical Success Factors of System Requirements Definition in IT System Development: An Industrial Case Study
Authors: Komai Shinobu , Prima Sakti Rizky , Saidi Hamdani
Published: April 2019

The success of IT system development is largely dependent on the System Requirements Definition (SRD) phase. Researches on Critical Success Factors (CSFs) in the SRD phase are beneficial to the success of IT system development. However, reports that consider the situation in the system requirements definition phase is lacking and these studies try to develop universal truths for CSFs without lessons learnt from empirical evidence need to be characterized. This study is a step towards bridging this gap in characterized evidence to discover “difficult items” in the SRD phase. Moreover, we conducted a case study to justify the importance of CSFs that could be 1) Customer/User Involvement, 2) Clear project goals, and 3) Technical skills of the project team in the SRD phase. The results of the characterization indicated that those major CSFs are consistent. Another issue can also be mitigated by examining Agile method.
Critical Success Factors for AIS Change: A Case Study in an Agricultural Company
Authors: Muhammad Kamaruzzaman , Mastuki Nor’Azam , Darus Faizah , K Ghani Erlane
Published: April 2019

This study investigates the critical success factors of AIS change in an agricultural company. This study adopts the case study approach in achieving its objectives. The findings of this study show that the company has adopted several strategies to ensure the upgrading of the new AIS structure was successful. Several strategies were adopted. The strategies are allocation of sufficient resources and funds, hands-on training, user participation, proper management of resistance, effective project management, top management support, use of external and internal experts, system requirement analysis, established new policies and procedures, and system migration and integration. The findings of this study serve as a guideline for business practices and contribute to the academic knowledge and literature. In addition, this study contributes to the organisational change literature as well as to practitioners in understanding the critical success factors of AIS change. Understanding such a process provides further insight and serves as guidance to companies in managing future organisational and AIS change effectively.
Long Live Southbank: skateboarding, citizenship and the city
Authors: Warin Robbie
Published: April 2019

‘The Undercroft’ underneath Queen Elizabeth’s Hall on London’s Southbank is one of London’s best known skate spots and plans, released in 2013, to fill the space with retail outlets and relocate the skateboarders to an alternative site were met with fierce opposition by the skateboarding community. In response, the group ‘Long Live Southbank’ was founded to campaign for the site’s preservation. This essay will focus on the Long Live Southbank’s 17 month campaign, asking why the local community were so opposed to the relocation of ‘the Undercroft’ to a purpose built site. By analysing a range of different media produced by Long Live Southbank this essay will look at the phenomenology of skateboarding and how the act of skateboarding affects the individual’s lived experience, arguing that the skateboarders’ resistance to relocation was tied in with their desire to be included in the ongoing production of public space, and therefore deeply embedded within their own individual and collective senses of citizenship.
The spatial impact of migration
Authors: Murphy Cristina Cassandra
Published: April 2019

Migration across national borders has an increasing impact on cities. Traditionally, cities have been the locus of cultural, religious, social, and economic exchange, which is a fundamental characteristic of a thriving network. However, the urban division of inside (local) and outside (global) is still problematic even though we are moving toward true heterogeneous metropolis. This division results in “inequity” within society, urbanism, architecture and their related fields. A key to improving this societal issue is to understand, rethink, and challenge the division between “inside” and “outside”. To do so, we (XCOOP Rotterdam and the Centros Urbanos Javeriana, Bogotà) have proposed a “hypothetical sustainable multi-cultural city” that aims at integration of immigrants through the creation of an “in-between” space that encourages integration among immigrants and receiving communities. The success of this space will depend on the degree of inclusiveness: local and global residents will need to lead the transformation and any new intervention ought to satisfy communal interests. We have been studying this design-based proposal for a while and since May 2017, we have been working with students and communities (interactive workshops), experts in the field (international conferences), and universities (on-site performances and exhibition) in the following four cities: Bogotà, a city that is economically unbalanced and lacks accessibility to essential goods; Tucson, a city that faces issues of homelessness and segregation; Baltimore, an urban setting that confronts geographical segregation and inequity; Rotterdam, a metropolis focusing on the growth and development of global companies rather than its local residents.
The results of these efforts include the following conclusions:
- the “in-between” spaces foster opportunities for positive encounters among different groups in public spaces;
- the “in-between” spaces rely on equal accesses to public services and goods;
- successful implementation of “in-between” spaces requires new typologies and improved methods of participatory design.
Visitors in immersive museum spaces and Instagram: self, place-making, and play
Authors: Budge Kylie
Published: April 2019

Visitors to museums are increasingly drawn to posting images online that document and reflect their experience. Instagram, as a social media platform, has a proliferating presence in this context. Do different kinds of public spaces within the museum motivate people to share particular types of posts? What kind of posts do visitors generate from digitally immersive spaces with an interactive focus? These questions were unpacked through an exploration of data generated from a digitally immersive, interactive public space – the Immersion Room at the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum in New York. Findings indicate that constructs of self, place-making, and play constitute critical components of what occurs, and these aspects are amplified in immersive spaces leaving digital traces within social media. I argue that the intersection of immersive digital environments and visual social media platforms such as Instagram offer a moment to play with and subtlety reconstruct the self with place being a significant contextual frame for this activity. Implications extend and challenge perceptions and the role of both museums as public spaces and the ways in which visual forms of social media intersect with spaces and the people who use them.
Preliminares
Authors: Editorial Comité
Published: April 2019

Visitas al patio 11.
Obscenidad y explicitud : dos formas de acercarse a la literatura de la violencia.
Authors: Valencia Alfonso
Published: April 2019

Este artículo explora tendencias contrapuestas en la reacción crítica a la literatura de violencia durante el auge mediático del narcotráfico en México: la condena estética de la “inmadurez” del género y la celebración alternativa de la puesta en escena de víctimas y victimarios. Este trabajo analiza algunas generalidades de Trabajos del Reino, de Yurí Herrera, y de Las tierras arrasadas, de Emiliano Monge, desde la dicotomía obscenidad / explicitud.
“Clásico, manierista y posclásico”, el relato en el cine de Hollywood
Authors: Goyes Narváez1 Julio César
Published: April 2019

González Requena, Jesús. (2006). Clásico, manierista y posclásico: los modos del relato en el cine de Hollywood. Valladolid: Castilla
Una hoguera que ardió en 1626
Authors: Santos Garcia Emiro
Published: April 2019

Era la noche oscura, las luces muchísimas, y la suspensión mayor con que salía la música, de suerte que obligaba en aquel acto piadoso a devoción y respeto. Acabada la absolución, volvió la cruz de la parroquia ya descubierta, con curas, y acompañado su señoría con los señores de los Cabildos y regidores que asistieron al asunto, se despidieron, por ser ya noche, mostrándose el señor Inquisidor con corteses razones agradecido.
Visión trágica, tradición y desesperanza en tres novelas de Gabriel García Márquez, Álvaro Cepeda Samudio y Héctor Rojas Herazo
Authors: Vega Bedoya Wilfredo
Published: April 2019

Resumen En este estudio se realiza un aná- lisis sociocrítico contrastivo de tres obras: La hojarasca (1955), de Gabriel García Márquez, La casa grande (1962), de Álvaro Cepeda Samudio, y Respirando el verano (1962), de Héctor Rojas Herazo, cuyas escrituras interrogan los valores de la tradición patriarcal y el advenimiento del progreso. Las tres obras ficcionalizan las causales de la decadencia, la soledad y la incomunicación en que se ve inmerso el ser, la familia y la comunidad en el sistema patriarcal.
Finales
Authors: Santos Garcia Emiro
Published: April 2019

Visitas al patio 4
Preliminares
Authors: Santos Garcia Emiro
Published: April 2019

Visitas al Patio 4
Representaciones “afrodiaspóricas” en la literatura afrocolombiana contemporánea: entre la naturalización y la ironía
Authors: Valero Silvia
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar de qué manera las políticas de identidad “afrodescendientes” se evidencian en la obra de tres escritores colombianos publicada en los últimos diez años –Pedro Blas Julio Romero, Alfredo Vanín y María Teresa Ramírez–. Para ello, la teoría del discurso social del crítico belga Marc Angenot servirá como fundamento para argumentar acerca del concepto “afroetnicidad” y sus derivados, como construcción impulsada política y culturalmente.
Del poder de la palabra al sueño del Paraíso (Entrevista a Patrick Charaudeau)
Authors: Arrieta Pérez René
Published: April 2019

Patrick Charaudeau es lingüista, especialista en Aná- lisis del Discurso, profesor de la Universidad de ParísNorte (París XIII). Autor del Diccionario de análisis del discurso, Discurso de la información, Discurso en los medios, Lenguaje y discurso, entre otros libros. Ha publicado, así mismo, innumerables artículos. Su preocupación ha sido el poder y el discurso del poder, el contrapoder, los medios y las relaciones de poder, las relaciones de fuerza, los juegos de seducción y de persuasión, todos dentro de los juegos de regulación social, que obligan al individuo a usar estrategias para imponerse en la relación. Asimismo, Charaudeau se ha ocupado de la interpretación de fenómenos como el humor y la emoción. Con Charaudeau tuvimos el espacio y la oportunidad para tratar, también, en esta entrevista, sobre el origen y el carácter de los nombres, la palabra, la poesía, el lenguaje del paraíso, el humor y otros temas
Poemas
Authors: Morales Quant Jaime
Published: April 2019

Voces creativas
Finales
Authors: Santos Garcia Emiro
Published: April 2019

Politicas editoriales
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK SARANG ALAMI PENELURAN PENYU
Authors: Benni Benni , Adi Wahyu , Kurniawan Kurniawan
Published: April 2019

Penyu ataupun telur penyu merupakan satwa diburu secara liar sehingga penyu spesies yang terancam punah dan dilindungi. Penyu merupakan hewan yang dilindungi dengan katagori Appendix I CITES. Tingginya pemanfaatan penyu Sehingga harus dilakukan upaya konservasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis karakteristik sarang alami peneluran penyu. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2016 di Pulau Toti provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Metode penelitian menggunakan observasi secara langsung. Analisa data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil dari pengukuran karakteristik sarang diduga jenis penyu yang bertelur pada kelima sarang adalah jenis penyu hijau. Pulau Toti memiliki karakteristik kemiringan pantai dengan rata-rata 27.8⁰ , Suhu sarang 27-29⁰C, kelembaban sarang 12-40%, rata-rata kedalaman dan diameter sarang yakni 57 cm dan 24.9 cm, sedimen berpasir, vegetasi yang mendominasi Terminalia catappa, Pandanus tectorius, dan Hibiscus tiliaceus.
The Effect of the Chemical Composition to the End-Properties of Ceramic Dispersed Strengthened 316L/Y2O3 Composites
Authors: Ben Zine Haroune Rachid , Balázsi Katalin , Balázsi Csaba
Published: April 2019

In this paper the influence of chemical composition to the end-properties of ceramic dispersed strengthened 316L/Y2O3 composites ceramic has been studied. Two various compositions were studied and compared to reference 316L sintered sample. These two compositions are 316L/0.33 wt% Y2O3 and 316L/1 wt% Y2O3. The high-efficient attrition milling has been used for grain size reduction and oxide distribution in the austenitic matrices. Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) was used as fast compaction method of the milled powders in order to avoid excessive grain growth. In this work it was found that changing the chemical composition by increase of the Y2O3 addition in the composite matrix improves the milling efficiency, increases the hardness of the 316L and reduces significantly the wear rate.
Outcome of Clubfoot Correction at ‘Walk for Life’ Clinic of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital: A Four Year Review
Authors: Rahman F , Chowdhury MH , Kabir H , Alam J , Uddin J , Evans AM
Published: April 2019

Background: Every year in Bangladesh an estimated 3500 - 4000 children are born with a clubfoot deformity, which is approximately one of every 1000 children born in Bangladesh. Left untreated, the condition leads to lifelong deformity causing individual disability and potential unproductivity. Affected children grow up as burden to the family and ultimately leads to significant poverty.

Methods: This study was conducted at the ‘Walk for Life’ (WFL) clinic Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH) during February 2011 to December 2014.The non-surgical Ponseti method was applied by the orthopaedic surgeon and physiotherapist. Follow-up for relapsed deformity in children who were treated in 2011 occurred in 2015.

Results: A total of 577 children comprised of 175 (30.32%) female and 402 (69.7%) male, a gender rati o F: 2.29 M. Completions of treatment data were available for 471 children, as 106 had dropped out at different stages of the treatment cycle. Sadly, 12 children had died. In 440 (76.4%) children, the parents’ monthly income approximated Tk. 5000, and 364 (82.8%) lived in tin shed houses. The parents with lowest incomes predominated for children with clubfoot. Most parents 383(66.4%) were labourers, small business and service workerswith the lowest income. A family history of clubfoot deformity was found in 8.3%, of which 2.8% were cousins, 1.7% were an uncle.The average number of corrective plaster casts applied before the tenotomy was 3.32% in 477 children. In 73.0% of childrenthree to six casts were used for initial correction. An Achilles tenotomy was performed in 81.0% children, 18% did undergo a tenotomy and one child had multiple tenotomies.Four years following of initial treatment, 99 children were reviewed, and 98 were walking and running. Parents’ satisfaction was 96.0%. Thirteen percent children showed relapse signs. Most of the children treated at the WFL clubfoot clinic were walking normally four years after initial treatment.

Conclusion: The Ponseti method is found to be very effective and especially for a developing country like Bangladesh. Poverty and housing condition may play a role in clubfoot disease. The dropout rate across the treatment cycle was 18.4%, warranting closer evaluation. The patronage of the Glencoe Foundation WFL clinics since 2009, played an important role in relieving thousands of Bangladeshi children from disability.

Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2018; 44: 132-137
Comparison of Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Carica Papaya Leaves and Indomethacin in Carrageenan Induced Rat Paw Edema Animal Model
Authors: Sultana Afroza , Khan Asma , Afroz Rumana , Yasmeen Onayza , Aktar Muqbula Tasrin , Yusuf Md Abdullah
Published: April 2019

Background: Carica papaya is very useful vegetables for daily living.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya leaves and indomethacin in carrageenan induced rat paw edema animal model.

Methodology: This was an animal study carried out in the Department of Pharmacology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July 2014 to June 2015 for a period of one (01) year. The leaves of Carica Papaya collected from Botanical garden, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The animals were divided into four groups. Inflammation was produced by injecting 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan solution in normal saline in all experimental animals. Group I were served as control that received normal saline. Group II were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya. Group III were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves. Group IV were received indomethacin.

Result: The experiment was carried out on 48 Long Evan Norwegian rats. Rats were divided in 4 groups of six animals each. The mean initial antero-posterior diameter of rat’s paw of group I, II, III and IV were 3.83±0.04, 2.12±0.02, 1.74±0.01 and 1.60±0.03 respectively. The inhibition of edema formation were 44.64%, 54.57% and 58.22% in group II, III and IV respectively.

Conclusion: In conclusion the Carica papaya leaves has anti-inflammatory effect

Journal of Science Foundation 2018;16(2):49-53
Clinico-Demographic Profiles and Urinary Albumin in Prediction of Preeclampsia among Pregnant Women at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Begum Taslima , Ali Khr Md Shahjahan , Khanam Shafeya , Habib Md Anwar , Chaudhury Shipra , Jesmin Shahela , Akter Shimul
Published: April 2019

Background: The clinical profiles and urinary albumin are very important for the prediction of preeclampsia among the pregnant women.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the clinical and demographic profiles as well as the urinary albumin for the prediction of preeclampsia among the pregnant women.

Methodology: This cohort study was conducted in the OPD of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from January 2013 to December 2014 for a period of two (2) years. This study was carried on pregnant woman attending in outdoor department of Gynaecology, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh before 20th weeks of pregnancy who were healthy normotensive primigravidae with singleton pregnancy. The details demographic profiles, edema were collected from the study population. Urinary albumin was estimated before 20th weeks and after 28th weeks of pregnancy.

Result: In the present study, 75 women were included; all were before 20th weeks of pregnancy without any complication or any risk factor for developing PE. Among the study group incidence of PE was 16%. The population are 24(32.0%) low, 31(41.3%) middle and 20(26.7%) high in socio economic conditions. Education level of study population was 45% completed primary education level, illiterate (27%) and secondary education (28%). Edema was absent in 1st visit, in 2nd visit 6(+), 6(++) present who developed PE, 18(+) present who did not develop PE. Edema was absent in 1st visit and (+) 6(50.0%) and (++) in 6(50.0%) present who developed PE in 2nd visit. Urine albumin in 1st visit nil in 6(50.0%), trace in 3(25.0%) and (+) in 3(25.0%) who developed PE.

Conclusion: In conclusion housewife living in urban area in middle income socioeconomic condition are the most commonly presented with preeclampsia and urinary albumin is the most commonly detected in the pregnant women presented with preeclampsia

Journal of Science Foundation 2018;16(2):54-59
THE ATTITUDE OF MALAYSIAN INDIA	PLANTATION COMMUNITY PORTRAYED IN LATCHIAPPAYANAM
Authors: Kolendai Govindasamy
Published: April 2019

Malaysia is one of the Asian countries in which Tamil language is largely spoken among the Indian community. Moreover, it is a land of traditional culture. Tamils have rich literature termed as Malaysian Tamil literature. The literary works of Indians indicate a progressive stage of Tamil Language in the society. The Indian society in Malaysia is using Tamil language as a medium of speaking and also to develop their courtesy while developing the Tamil literature. Tamil literature includes novel, short story, drama, essay, etc. There are many novels written by Malaysian Tamils which have various themes such as feminism, love, family, sufferings, laborers, attitude, social status, etc. This article tries to study the attitude of Malaysian Indian plantation community portrayed in the Malaysian Tamil novel entitled, Latchiappayanam written by the novelist I. Ilavazhagu.
EVALUASI PENGELOLAAN KINERJA KEUANGAN BERBASIS ARUS KAS PADA PT.GUDANG GARAM Tbk
Authors: Handayanto Adrian Junaidar , Mukoffi Akhmad , Lestari Elly
Published: April 2019

Evaluasi laporan arus kas dapat memberikan kemajuan dalam perhitungan laporan arus kas dan memberikan informasi tentang perubahan-perubahan aktiva bersih sebuah perusahaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengelolaan kinerja keuangan pada PT. Gudang Garam Tbk. berbasis arus kas pada tahun 2013-2015. Penelitian dilakukan di Bursa Efek Indonesia, Jalan M.T Haryono 169, Malang, 65145 dengan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif untuk evaluasi rasio liquiditas yaitu rasio lancar dan rasio quick. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan laporan arus kas PT. Gudang Garam Tbk. tahun 2013-2015, perusahaan ini sudah efisien dalam mengelola laporan laporan keuangan.