bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Select Variables on Tangible Book Value Multiple of U.S. Regional Banks
Authors: Umeorah Stanley Chidozie , Adelaja Adesola Oluwatosin , Ayodele Oluwatoyin Funmilayo , Abikoye Bibitayo Ebunlomo , Azubuike Nneoma Adeline
Published: November 2024

Aims: This study explores the relationship between regional banks' Price-to-Tangible Book Value (P/TBV) multiple and metrics such as profitability, liquidity, capital adequacy, asset quality, leverage, and operational efficiency.
Study Design: A longitudinal panel data analysis of 101 regional U.S. banks, covering the financial years from 2003 to 2023. It employs fixed effects, random effects, and pooled OLS regression models to determine the drivers of P/TBV multiple. The analysis controls for time-specific factors such as pre – and post – financial crisis periods, enabling a more comprehensive evaluation of valuation trends over different economic cycles.
Results: All three models were statistically significant in identifying the determinants of P/TBV. However, the fixed effects model was deemed the most appropriate, as confirmed by the Hausman test (p < 0.001), which demonstrated its consistency over the random effects model. Additionally, the F-test (p < 0.001) indicated the relevance of the fixed effects model over the pooled OLS model by highlighting the significance of individual effects. The fixed effects model and the fixed effects model with robust standard errors revealed that return on equity and bank efficiency positively influenced P/TBV, while asset size, non-performing loans, leverage, and dividend yield had significant negative effect. The model also showed higher valuations for regional banks in the pre-2008 financial crisis period compared to the post-crisis era. Additionally, upon accounting for the impact of heteroscedasticity, the statistical significance of loan-to-deposit ratio variable noted in the fixed effects model turns out to be insignificant.
Conclusion: Financial stability, profitability, capital, and asset quality are crucial in determining regional bank valuations. The insights from this study will help bank managers identify key focus areas to optimize valuation and pricing strategies, ensuring that banks can align internal financial health with broader market dynamics for sustainable growth. Additionally, the findings will benefit investors by providing a deeper understanding of the financial factors driving bank valuations, enabling more informed investment decisions. While this research does not directly address the impact of macroeconomic variables on regional banks' valuations, it highlights an area that merits further investigation in future research.
High Yielding Pest and Disease Tolerance Variety (DHLM-14-1) in Little Millet (Panicum sumetrense. L) Developed through Recombinant Breeding Technology
Authors: Govanakoppa Nagappa , B. R. Jagadeesh, , S. Anitha, , K. N. Jakir Hussain,
Published: November 2024

The little millet variety DHLM-14-1 developed at the Agricultural Research Station (ARS) Hanumanamatti under the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. With a maturation period of 85-90 days, this variety features an erect, tall plant stature ranging from 112 to 130 cm and produces bold, oval-shaped gray grains. DHLM-14-1 stands out for its notable tolerance to shoot fly, exhibiting only a 13.89% incidence compared to 19.15% in the national check JK-8. Its impressive yield performance is evident, yielding 18.42%, 30.58%, and 3.14% more than the national checks OLM-203, JK-8, and KOPLM-53, respectively, making it a beneficial option for millet producers looking for resilient, high-yielding crops. Across trials conducted from 2011 to 2014, DHLM-14-1 showcased exceptional agronomic performance, achieving a mean seed yield of 42.41q/ha, significantly outperforming local check TNAU-63 and national check OLM-203 by 26.63% and 23.75%, respectively. Its consistent yield superiority, with an average of 15.89 q/ha over three years, illustrates the cultivar's adaptability to diverse agro-climatic conditions, surpassing OLM-203 and JK-8 by 18.42% and 30.58%. Recognized during the 29th Annual Group Meeting of the ICAR All India Coordinated Research Project on small millets, DHLM-14-1 has shown strong disease resistance against grain smut, brown spot, and sheath blight, with disease incidences similar to OLM-203 and significantly lower than JK-8. Additionally, its effective resistance to shoot fly underscores its potential to reduce pest damage, reinforcing DHLM-14-1's value as a high-yielding, resilient cultivar that not only enhances sustainable millet production but also supports food security and improves farmer livelihoods across India.
Enhancing Groundwater Recharge and Yield by Adoption of Continuous Contour Trenches in Micro Catchments
Authors: Patode R. S. , Chorey Anita , Ganvir M. M. , Fukat Pawan , Mali R. S. , Morey Sachin , Mondal Sourav
Published: November 2024

In dryland agricultural sloping fields, whenever the rainfall event occurs, runoff begins and flows down from the slopes causing erosion. In such conditions, defined special measures can be adopted, which reduce runoff enabling the water to infiltrate down to the ground. Contour trenches are made mainly with this objective. The implementation of continuous contour trenches was done under various schemes viz. EGS, SGRY, RLEGP, DLFM, etc. in Maharashtra. To have definite quantification of conservation, recharge, soil moisture variations owing to acceptance of CCTs the research work was done on small catchment basis so that the appraisal and checking of CCTs is possible. It will be useful for researchers, field officers, farmers and NGOs. The study was conducted at the research field of the AICRP for Dryland Agriculture, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. The catchment of 1.0 ha area was divided into two parts. One part is having CCTs and other kept as a control. The observations of LAI, soil moisture and groundwater level were collected. The Leaf Area Index (LAI) and interception component of seasonal crop and perennial plantations (Custard apple and Hanuman Phal) in a small catchment for the years 2022-23 and 2023-24 was observed to be highest at the flowering (3.67) and (3.61) stages, respectively. For perennial plantations, the LAI was observed highest at the developed fruit stages of the Custard apple and Hanuman phal. During both these years, canopy interception was also observed more in CCT adopted field compared to control field for seasonal and perennial plantations. The soil moisture was observed more in the catchment of CCT over control catchment. It was observed that by adoption of CCTs the groundwater recharge was increased by 20.51% over control (without CCT field). The acceptance of CCT resulted in yield increase of seasonal crop by 35.30% and yielding of fruits was more in CCT field by 49.10% over control.
Deep Learning Meets Machine Learning: A Synergistic Approach towards Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Choudhary Laxmi , Choudhary Jitendra Singh
Published: November 2024

The evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has progressed from rule-based systems to learning-based models, integrating machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) to tackle complex data-driven tasks. This review examines the synergy between ML, which utilizes algorithms like decision trees and support vector machines for structured data, and DL, which employs neural networks for processing unstructured data such as images and natural language. The combination of these paradigms through hybrid ML-DL models has enhanced prediction accuracy, scalability, and automation across domains like healthcare, finance, natural language processing, and robotics. However, challenges such as computational demands, data dependency, and model interpretability remain. This paper discusses the benefits, limitations, and future potential of ML and DL and also provides a review study of a hybrid model makes use of both techniques (machine learning & deep learning) advantages to solve complicated problems more successfully than one could on its own. To boost performance, increase efficiency, or address scenarios where either ML or DL alone would not be able to manage, this approach combines deep learning structures with conventional machine learning techniques.
Analysis of cardiovascular surgery specialization theses and their publication rates
Authors:   İzmir Bakırçay University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, İzmir, Türkiye, Rahman Omer Faruk , Kemahli Mustafa Baris ,   Acıbadem Kent Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, İzmir, Türkiye, Ayyildiz Fevzi ,   Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Aydın, Türkiye
Published: November 2024

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the specialization theses in the field of cardiovascular surgery in Türkiye, and examine their rates of conversion to scientific publications. Material and Methods: Specialization in medicine theses in the field of cardiovascular surgery published in Türkiye from 2015 to 2020 were evaluated using the Council of Higher Education Thesis Center database. For each specialization thesis, details such as the year, institution, city, study design, advisor’s title, and author information were recorded. The conversion of theses into scientific publications was assessed using Google Scholar, PubMed, Dergipark, and TR Index databases based on the thesis title, advisor, and author information. Results: A total of 204 specialization theses in medicine were examined in the study. Of the thesis authors, 171 were men (83.3%) and 33 were women (16.2%). When categorized by institutions, 130 theses (63.7%) were affiliated with institutions in the three major cities. It was observed that 79 of the evaluated theses (38.7%) were turned into scientific publications. The conversion rate into scientific publications was significantly higher in institutions affiliated with the University of Health Sciences (p=0.002). A significant relationship was observed between the study design, the index of the publishing journal, and the citation status (p=0.029, p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The findings obtained in the present study showed that the majority of specialization theses in cardiovascular surgery were not turned into scientific publications. We believe that collaboration with professional associations and the Medical Specialty Board may contribute positively to the publication rate of specialization theses.
Gender differences in perioperative complications following carotid endarterectomy: A retrospective analysis
Authors:   Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, İstanbul, Türkiye, Balci Abdullah Burak , Rahman Omer Faruk ,   İzmir Bakırçay University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, İzmir, Türkiye, Tezcan Hasan ,   Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, İstanbul, Türkiye, Yazici Suleyman ,   Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, İstanbul, Türkiye, Kayalar Nihan ,   Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, İstanbul, Türkiye
Published: November 2024

Aim: This study aims to examine the distribution of major complications in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) based on gender. The primary objective is to assess the potential effects of gender on perioperative events in hospital. Material and Methods: At Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, patients aged 18 and over who underwent CEA between September 2020 and November 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were categorized into two groups based on their gender. Patient characteristics were obtained from electronic medical records. Postoperative stroke, surgical revision, hematoma, and nerve injury were defined as perioperative events. Results: In this study, the average age of the 225 evaluated patients was found to be 65.8 ± 8.89. There were 73 female patients (32.44%) in Group 1 and 152 male patients (67.56%) in Group 2. Two patients (0.9%) experienced a stroke during the perioperative period. Hematomas were present in 24 patients (10.7%), and nerve damage was also observed in 15 patients (6.7%). Surgical revision due to bleeding was required in thirteen patients (5.8%). Perioperative events were observed in 27 patients. Perioperative events were significantly higher in men than in women (p=0.037). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, male gender was found to be the predictor of perioperative events (odds ratio [OR]: 3.701;95% CI: 1.145-11.963, p=0.029). Conclusion: Our results showed that male gender may be a predictor of perioperative events in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Multicenter and larger study groups may be needed for healthier results.
Early outcomes of treatment selections for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms: The first five year experience of a single center
Authors:   Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara, Türkiye, Aytekin Bahadir , Askin Goktan ,   Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara, Türkiye, Tumer Naim Boran ,   Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara, Türkiye, Mavioglu Hayrettin Levent ,   Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara, Türkiye, Kucuker Seref Alp ,   Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara, Türkiye, Saritas Ahmet ,   Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara, Türkiye, Iscan Hakki Zafer ,   Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara, Türkiye, Ozatik Mehmet Ali ,   Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara, Türkiye, Sener Erol ,   Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara, Türkiye
Published: November 2024

Aim: We examined the criteria governing patient selection in contemporary practice in cases of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) treated electively or urgently in our Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic (CVSC). Material and Methods: From January 2019 to January 2024, we retrospectively evaluated infrarenal AAA patients treated either electively or urgently with Open Surgical Repair (OSR) or standard Endovascular Aortic Repair (EVAR) at our CVSC. The primary endpoints are distribution of AAA patients by treatment modality, early morbidity and mortality. The secondary endpoints were intensive care unit (ICU) duration and length of hospital stay (LOS). Results: A total of 332 patients received EVAR (Group 1), including 296 elective cases, while 90 patients underwent OSR (Group 2), with 66 being elective. Early mortality rates were significantly lower in the EVAR group (1.3% for elective and 27.8% for emergent) compared to the OSR group (6.1% for elective and 54.2% for ruptured cases, p=0.001). Major postoperative complications occurred in 12.5% of elective EVAR patients and 39.4% of elective OSR patients (p=0.001), while in ruptured cases, the rates were 11.1% and 58.3%, respectively (p=0.001). Comparisons of ICU duration and LOS also favored EVAR (p=0.001). Conclusion: EVAR offers a survival benefit in the early period compared to OSR. The choice of treatment should be tailored to the patient's comorbidities, preferences, and the vascular surgeon's expertise. Advanced aortic centers with hybrid operating rooms (HOR) and specialized CVSCs should aim for optimized patient outcomes and cost-effectiveness in our country.
Representing crowds using a multi‐agent model – Development of the SimTread pedestrian simulation system
Authors: Kimura Takeshi , Sano Tomonori , Hayashida Kazuto , Takeichi Naohiro , Minegishi Yoshikazu , Yoshida Yoshiyuki , Watanabe Hitoshi
Published: November 2018

SimTread was developed as a pedestrian simulation system following a straightforward, highly user‐definable pedestrian and spatial model. Unlike network and mesh models, this pedestrian model is a multi‐agent system in which an individual pedestrian is modeled as an agent. The spatial model is based on actual coordinates, which enables the direct representation of plans using the SimTread model. The crowd characteristics represented by this system were evaluated through test cases by measuring the flow rate, which is a primary indicator of crowd evaluation. The major results are as follows: (a) SimTread demonstrated a reasonable crowd‐behavior simulation in a simple plan that was equivalent to network models. Along with the added benefits of operability, such performance is highly desirable. (b) In cases where a bottleneck accumulated a number of pedestrians sufficient to block nearby exits, SimTread accurately portrayed the resulting crowd propagation. This allowed qualitative crowd analysis.
A bibliometric analysis of the recovered memory controversy in the 21st century
Authors: Dodier Olivier
Published: November 2018

In the 1990s, repressed and recovered memories were at the heart of intense debates within the clinical field as well as in academia. Recent data suggest that this controversy has not yet been resolved in the clinical field. However, it is unclear to what extent repressed and recovered memories are studied in peer‐reviewed outcomes in the 21st century. The current article examined the volume of publications and citations regarding repressed and/or recovered memories during the years 2001–2018. Analysis of the 145 articles retrieved shows that these issues are still being investigated within the academic sphere. Proponents and opponents of repressed memories regularly published articles, and these were cited as often as articles published during the 1990s. These issues were also multidisciplinary (i.e., social/clinical/experimental psychology, psychiatry, and law) and often dealt with dissociation, child abuse, and/or false memory. The results are encouraging for furthering the research field and for the understanding of traumatic memory mechanisms.
Identification and adaptive PID Control of a hexacopter UAV based on neural networks
Authors: Rosales Claudio , Soria Carlos Miguel , Rossomando Francisco G.
Published: November 2018

In this paper, a novel adaptive PID controller for trajectory‐tracking tasks is proposed. It is implemented in discrete time over a hexacopter, and it takes into consideration the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) nonlinear model. The PID controller is developed following an adaptive neural technique, and its stability is verified by the Lyapunov discrete theory. Besides, the neural identification of the dynamic model of the UAV is presented to backpropagate output errors to adjust PID gains with the purpose of reducing the control errors. The validation of the proposed algorithm is performed through experimental results with a hexacopter.
Transcatheter Self‐Powered Ultrasensitive Endocardial Pressure Sensor
Authors: Liu Zhuo , Ma Ye , Ouyang Han , Shi Bojing , Li Ning , Jiang Dongjie , Xie Feng , Qu Dan , Zou Yang , Huang Yue , Li Hu , Zhao Chaochao , Tan Puchuan , Yu Min , Fan Yubo , Zhang Hao , Wang Zhong Lin , Li Zhou
Published: November 2018

Changes in endocardial pressure (EP) have important clinical significance for heart failure patients with impaired cardiac function. As a vital parameter for evaluating cardiac function, EP is commonly monitored by invasive and expensive cardiac catheterization, which is not feasible for long‐term and continuous data collection. In this work, a miniaturized, flexible, and self‐powered endocardial pressure sensor (SEPS) based on triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which is integrated with a surgical catheter for minimally invasive implantation, is reported. In a porcine model, SEPS is implanted into the left ventricle and the left atrium. The SEPS has a good response both in low‐ and high‐pressure environments. The SEPS achieves the ultrasensitivity, real‐time monitoring, and mechanical stability in vivo. An excellent linearity (R
2 = 0.997) with a sensitivity of 1.195 mV mmHg−1 is obtained. Furthermore, cardiac arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation and ventricular premature contraction can also be detected by SEPS. The device may promote the development of miniature implantable medical sensors for monitoring and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.
A Room‐Temperature High‐Conductivity Metal Printing Paradigm with Visible‐Light Projection Lithography
Authors: Yang Xingyun , Sun Mo , Bian Yinxu , He Ximin
Published: November 2018

Fabricating electronic devices require integrating metallic conductors and polymeric insulators in complex structures. Current metal‐patterning methods such as evaporation and laser sintering require vacuum, multistep processes, and high temperature during sintering or postannealing to achieve desirable electrical conductivity, which damages low‐temperature polymer substrates. Here reports a facile ecofriendly room‐temperature metal printing paradigm using visible‐light projection lithography. With a particle‐free reactive silver ink, photoinduced redox reaction occurs to form metallic silver within designed illuminated regions through a digital mask on substrate with insignificant temperature change (<4 °C). The patterns exhibit remarkably high conductivity achievable at room temperature (2.4 × 107 S m−1, ≈40% of bulk silver conductivity) after simple room‐temperature chemical annealing for 1–2 s. The finest silver trace produced reaches 15 µm. Neither extra thermal energy input nor physical mask is required for the entire fabrication process. Metal patterns were printed on various substrates, including polyethylene terephthalate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyimide, Scotch tape, print paper, Si wafer, glass coverslip, and polystyrene. By changing inks, this paradigm can be extended to print various metals and metal–polymer hybrid structures. This method greatly simplifies the metal‐patterning process and expands printability and substrate materials, showing huge potential in fabricating microelectronics with one system.
Self‐Cleaning Ultraviolet Photodetectors Based on Tree Crown‐Like Microtube Structure
Authors: Hang Tian , Liu Chenglin , He Gen , Liu Fanmao , Chen Hui‐Jiuan , Yang Chengduan , Wu Jiangming , Xiao Shuai , Wu Qianni , Xie Xi
Published: November 2018

Photodetectors are extensively applied in a wide range of applications. In particular, hierarchical ZnO micro/nanostructure has achieved promising success in the fields of advanced photodetectors. By utilizing hierarchical structure, development of functional photodetectors with self‐cleaning properties would extend the applications of photodetectors in more severe environments. Recent reports have demonstrated the advantages of nanofabricated surfaces with re‐entrant geometry to obtain superoleophobicity that can repel low surface tension liquids such as biofluids or oils. Inspired by the excellent liquid repellency of re‐entrant geometry, here a self‐cleaning ultraviolet photodetector is reported based on tree crown‐like microtube (TCLMT) structure. The TCLMT consisted of a ZnO microtube‐trunk structure branched with numerous ZnO nanospikes on top, presenting a re‐entrant geometry that effectively repelled water and various biological fluids. The TCLMT is fabricated using a microporous membrane‐templated method, followed by multiple steps of material deposition, plasma etching, and hydrothermal growth. The fluorinated ZnO TCLMT‐based photodetector exhibits excellent photoelectric performance as well as resistance against biofouling solution such as bacterial suspension. This work provides a versatile approach to achieve controlled fabrication of re‐entrant structures with excellent liquid repellent properties as well as extending ZnO‐based photodetectors to be self‐cleaning and resistant to biofouling.
Energy Dissipation in Black Phosphorus Heterostructured Devices
Authors: Ali Fida , Ahmed Faisal , Yang Zheng , Moon Inyong , Lee Myeongjin , Hassan Yasir , Lee Changgu , Yoo Won Jong
Published: November 2018

Two‐dimensional (2D) black phosphorus (BP) has attracted increasing interest for next‐generation solid‐state device applications due to its unique blend of versatile properties. The ultrathin physique and low thermal conductivity (40–20 Wm−1 K−1) of BP make it susceptible to premature Joule breakdown under moderate electric field induced by inefficient and nonhomogeneous energy dissipation. Here, it is reported that the back‐gate BP device suffers Joule breakdown merely under 4 MV m−1 electric field value with the centrally localized fracture. The spatial micro‐Raman spectroscopy confirms uneven thermal spreading in BP channel with the center being 20% hotter than the lateral ends. Furthermore, to mitigate the early breakdown and uneven spreading, vertical van der Waals structure is assembled. The results show that the vertical BP device exhibits 230 times higher field strength and one order enhancement in power sustainability than those of lateral devices due to the integration of thermally favorable constituent materials and formation of the optimal path for self‐heat removal.
Convenient Access to C10‐ and C11‐(di)arylated dibenzo[b,f]azepines via Palladium‐catalyzed C−H Bonds Cleavages
Authors: Li Haoran , Roisnel Thierry , Soulé Jean‐François , Doucet Henri
Published: November 2018

Conditions allowing the C10‐ and C11‐arylations of dibenzo[b,f]azepines via successive palladium‐catalyzed reactions are reported. Using aryl bromides as the aryl source, the C10‐arylation of dibenzo[b,f]azepines is very selective. Then, using benzenesulfonyl chlorides as the aryl source, the second arylation at C11‐position is achieved affording non‐symmetrical C10,C11‐diarylated dibenzo[b,f]azepines. Both reactions tolerate a variety of substituents on the aryl source.

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Fluid Shear Stress Induces Drug Resistance to Doxorubicin and Paclitaxel in the Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF7
Authors: Triantafillu Ursula Lea , Park Seungjo , Kim Yonghyun
Published: November 2018

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are known to have cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and survive physiological conditions of fluid shear stress (FSS). However, current chemotherapy screening techniques do not adequately recapitulate this FSS environment and are not predictive of a drug response. In this study, MCF7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells under FSS are used as an in vitro model of CTCs. The effects of doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel on sheared cells using WST8 assay and stemness (CD44+/CD24−) and apoptosis (Annexin V+/7‐AAD+) using flow cytometry are tested. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction is used to test gene expression. It is shown that suspension‐cultured and FSS treated MCF7 cells increase in drug resistance, especially with DOX. There is a synergistic increase in the CD44+/CD24− CSC‐like population and an increase in drug resistance‐related gene expression in MCF7 cells co‐treated with FSS and drugs. There is also a correlated increase in STAT3 and NANOG expression under FSS. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report to suggest that the increase in CSC‐like cells from FSS contributes to drug resistance via the STAT3/NANOG pathway. This increase in CTC drug resistance also highlights the importance of implementing FSS, which is unavailable in current drug screening techniques.
Conducting Bridge Resistive Switching Behaviors in Cubic MAPbI3, Orthorhombic RbPbI3, and Their Mixtures
Authors: Lee SangMyeong , Choi Jaeho , Jeon Jae Bum , Kim Byeong Jo , Han Ji Su , Kim Taemin Ludvic , Jung Hyun Suk , Jang Ho Won
Published: November 2018

Recently, halide perovskites (HPs), which exhibit resistive switching (RS) behaviors, are proposed as a promising candidate for next‐generation memory because of their low power consumption, low cost, and mechanical flexibility. However, HP‐based memories have crucial problems related to short endurance and vague switching mechanism. Here, the RS behaviors of switchable methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) and nonswitchable rubidium lead iodide (RbPbI3) mixtures are reported and it is elucidated on the source of the switching phenomena. By controlling the ratio of rubidium iodide (RbI)/methylammonium iodide (MAI), five compositions of the mixture of RbPbI3 and MAPbI3 (Rb1−xMAxPbI3, x = 0, 0.31, 0.52, 0.71, and 1) films are fabricated. The mixtures of cubic MAPbI3 and orthorhombic RbPbI3 films exhibit excellent performances in Ag/polymethyl methacrylate/Rb1−xMAxPbI3/Pt cells, with endurance of 103 cycles, a high on/off ratio of 106, and an operation speed of 640 µs. Plausible explanations for the switching mechanism are provided based on Ag bridges by using the combination of conductive atomic force microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. It is suggested nonswitchable RbPbI3 contributes to the endurance enhancement by restraining the growth of Ag bridges. The unique approaches provide a new strategy to overcome the bottleneck of the HP‐based RS memories for next‐generation computing.
Development of Next‐Generation Organic‐Based Solar Cells: Studies on Dye‐Sensitized and Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Murakami Takurou N. , Koumura Nagatoshi
Published: November 2018

Next‐generation organic solar cells such as dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are studied at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), and their materials, electronic properties, and fabrication processes are investigated. To enhance the performance of DSSCs, the basic structure of an electron donor, π‐electron linker, and electron acceptor, i.e., D–π–A, is suggested. In addition, special organic dyes containing coumarin, carbazole, and triphenylamine electron donor groups are synthesized to find an effective dye structure that avoids charge recombination at electrode surfaces. Meanwhile, PSCs are manufactured using both a coating method and a laser deposition technique. The results of interfacial studies demonstrate that the level of the conduction band edge (CBE) of a compact TiO2 layer is shifted after TiCl4 treatment, which strongly affects the solar cell performance. Furthermore, a special laser deposition system is developed for the fabrication of the perovskite layers of PSCs, which facilitates the control over the deposition rate of methyl ammonium iodide used as their precursor.
Consumer preferences for cage‐free eggs and impacts of retailer pledges
Authors: Lusk Jayson L.
Published: November 2018

Most large US food retailers and restaurants have made pledges to sell only cage‐free eggs. If the pledges are upheld, about 75% of the egg laying flock will have to be converted to cage‐free by the year 2025. However, it is an open question as to whether the market will support such a change. To address this issue, a national survey of over 2,000 US egg consumers was conducted to estimate cage‐free egg demand among consumers exposed to different types of information. We find a high degree of heterogeneity in willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) for cage‐free eggs. Half of the consumers are WTP no more than a $0.30/dozen premium for cage‐free eggs; however, the mean premium is $1.16/dozen, suggesting a small fraction of consumers are willing to pay sizeable amounts for the cage‐free label. Ultimately, the results suggest there is potential for the market‐share for cage‐free eggs to rise above the current state even at premiums as high as $1.00/dozen. However, even at much more modest price premiums, the potential for cage‐free eggs to attain majority market share is unlikely, particularly if conventional eggs advertise other desirable attributes. We also find that retailers who completely remove more affordable, conventional eggs are likely to experience a significant increase in the share of consumers who choose not to buy eggs.
Assessing the microeconomic effects of public subsidies on the performance of firms in the czech food processing industry: A counterfactual impact evaluation
Authors: Dvouletý Ondřej , Blažková Ivana
Published: November 2018

The effects of European innovation and cohesion policies are very uneven throughout both regions and industries. Moreover, there are often only descriptive impact assessments of individual programmes available. In our study, we respond to this issue through the empirical analysis of the effects of the EU public policy on the example of the Czech food processing industry. We assess the impact of the Operational Programme Enterprise and Innovation (OPEI), which took place during the years 2007–2013. We applied counterfactual impact analysis based on firm‐level data with the aim of investigating the effects of this support on the financial performance of the supported enterprises (N = 143, 70% of the supported companies) 2 years after the end of the intervention. The results show a positive effect on the performance of supported firms measured by a price‐cost margin, value added per labour cost, the growth of sales and growth of tangible assets. The study offers several policy implications. First, the policymakers should impose a reporting duty on the supported firms. That would help policymakers to conduct more easily programme evaluations. Second, they should employ the cost‐benefit analysis as a part of the programme evaluations in the future. Third, growth aspirations of the applicants for receiving public subsidies should be taken into account already during the application process.
Is fresh food shopping sticky to retail channels and online platforms? Evidence and implications in the digital era
Authors: Wang H. Holly , Hao Na , Zhou Qingjie , Wetzstein Michael E. , Wang Yong
Published: November 2018

Using home‐scan data set from Kantar Worldpanel, we conduct an empirical study on Chinese urban consumer shopping behavior from online and offline channels, using yogurt as an example. Results confirm the advantages of E‐commerce relative to traditional offline retail channel in terms of keeping consumers loyal. Results also indicate the online and offline markets are of different business models, in that the online market is a separate market from offline even for the same brand. There exists evidence of brand loyalty for online shoppers but not offline. However, it is more challenging for online late entrants to build brand loyalty because consumers are price sensitive online. Firms are recommended to think of new and differentiated products online, which focus more on quality instead of price to catch the young generation with increasing income.
#WEWANTSPACE: Developing Student Activism Through a Decolonial Pedagogy
Authors: Silva Janelle M. ,   The Students for Diversity Now
Published: November 2018

Highlights

An example of decolonial pedagogy connected to community psychology values.

Illustrates the potential outcome of praxis assignments connected to social justice.

An example of how class projects can raise student awareness and activism.
Rheokinetic studies and compressive response of high performance polybenzoxazine syntactic foams
Authors: Ullas A. V. , Sharma Pratibha , Kumar Devendra , Roy Prasun Kumar
Published: November 2018

Polybenzoxazines are finding increasing usage in demanding applications where high temperature stability is required, especially in the field of aerospace. In this work, thermally stable bisphenol F‐based polybenzoxazine [poly(BF‐a)] syntactic foams containing varying volume fractions (30–60%) of hollow glass microballoons (HGMs) were prepared and their mechanical response in the quasi‐static regime was established. The effect of introducing glass microballoons on the curing profile of benzoxazine resin was studied using both nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry and rheometry. Temperature‐sweep experiments were performed to arrive at the optimal processing window of the benzoxazine‐glass microballoons formulations, particularly in terms of viscosity, gelation temperature, and time. Thermally accelerated ring‐opening polymerization of the benzoxazine resin led to complete curing of the syntactic foam formulations, as assessed by calorimetric studies. The thermal degradation behavior of the poly(BF‐a)/HGM was studied using thermogravimetric analysis. As expected, the density of the syntactic foam specimens decreased with increasing microballoon content. Maximal increase in the specific compressive properties of the poly(BF‐a)/HGM samples was observed in formulations containing 40% volume fraction of glass microballoons. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47234.
Phase‐separated structures of random methacrylate copolymers with pendant POSS moieties
Authors: Taherzadeh Hossein , Ishida Yoshihito , Kameyama Atsushi
Published: November 2018

The phase separation of random methacrylate copolymers with the pendant polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) moieties was studied. For the random copolymers of the phenyl‐substituted POSS methacrylate (PhPOSSMA) and butyl methacrylate (BMA), the layer‐like phase‐separated structures were obtained from the copolymers with over circa 20 wt % of PhPOSSMA after thermal annealing in the bulk. The copolymers with larger PhPOSSMA content over 40 wt % showed periodic phase‐separated structure with the periodic length ranging from 9.0 to 5.1 nm depending on the composition. The phase separation did not occur by solvent annealing in the bulk. On the other hand, no phase‐separated structure was formed from the random copolymer with circa 50 wt % of isobutyl‐substituted POSSMA (i‐BuPOSSMA) and BMA after thermal annealing. In addition, the phase separation did not occur for both of the random copolymers of PhPOSSMA and i‐BuPOSSMA with methyl methacrylate. The resulting phase‐separated structures were well characterized by using wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, small‐angle X‐ray scattering, and transmission electron microscopy image. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47246.
Patchiness in habitat distribution can enhance biological diversity of coastal engineering structures
Authors: Cacabelos Eva , Thompson Richard C. , Prestes Afonso C.L. , Azevedo José Manuel N. , Neto Ana I. , Martins Gustavo M.
Published: November 2018

Urbanization of coastal habitats is increasing worldwide. However, most man‐made structures are poor surrogates for the habitats they replace and can strongly impact the diversity and functioning of coastal habitats.

The value of coastal engineering can be enhanced by the provision of microhabitats that facilitate colonization by marine life. One step forward is moved in this research by combining species coexistence theory, resource patchiness and applied ecology in order to find ways that maximize the biological diversity of coastal defence structures.

Featureless areas of a seawall were modified by the addition of microhabitats (resource) that were distributed in different configurations of patchiness.

Gastropod diversity peaked at intermediate levels of microhabitat patchiness. This appeared to be driven by different patterns of resource use among species. Gastropods dispersed longer distances on unmodified seawalls than on natural rocky shores, but when microhabitats were added the dispersal decreased. The ability to find microhabitats differed among species.

Our results confirm that patchiness in microhabitat distribution affects biodiversity. The extent of microhabitat patchiness could potentially be tailored by coastal engineers to meet specific conservation priorities: increasing diversity versus increasing number of individuals.
Object‐based image analysis: a review of developments and future directions of automated feature detection in landscape archaeology
Authors: Davis Dylan S.
Published: November 2018

Object‐based image analysis (OBIA) is a method of assessing remote sensing data that uses morphometric and spectral parameters simultaneously to identify features in remote sensing imagery. Over the past 10–15 years, OBIA methods have been introduced to detect archaeological features. Improvements in accuracy have been attained by using a greater number of morphometric variables and multiple scales of analysis. This article highlights the developments that have occurred in the application of OBIA within archaeology and argues that OBIA is both a useful and necessary tool for archaeological research. Additionally, I discuss future research paths using this method. Some of the suggestions put forth here include: pushing for multifaceted research designs utilizing OBIA and manual interpretation, using OBIA methods for directly studying landscape settlement patterns, and increasing data sharing of methods between researchers.
The relationships between health information behavior and neural processing in african americans with prehypertension
Authors: Jones Lenette M. , Wright Kathy D. , Jack Anthony I. , Friedman Jared P. , Fresco David M. , Veinot Tiffany , Lu Wei , Moore Shirley M.
Published: November 2018

Information behavior may enhance hypertension self‐management in African Americans. The goal of this substudy was to examine the relationships between measures of self‐reported health information behavior and neural measures of health information processing in a sample of 19 prehypertensive African Americans (mean age = 52.5, 52.6% women). We measured (a) health information seeking, sharing, and use (surveys) and (b) neural activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess response to health information videos. We hypothesized that differential activation (comparison of analytic vs. empathic brain activity when watching a specific type of video) would indicate better function in three, distinct cognitive domains: (a) Analytic Network, (b) Default Mode Network (DMN), and (c) ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Scores on the information sharing measure (but not seeking or use) were positively associated with differential activation in the vmPFC (rs = .53, p = .02) and the DMN (rs = .43, p = .06). Our findings correspond with previous work indicating that activation of the DMN and vmPFC is associated with sharing information to persuade others and with behavior change. Although health information is commonly conveyed as detached and analytic in nature, our findings suggest that neural processing of socially and emotionally salient health information is more closely associated with health information sharing.
10SENT: A stable sentiment analysis method based on the combination of off‐the‐shelf approaches
Authors: Melo Philipe F. , Dalip Daniel H. , Junior Manoel M. , Gonçalves Marcos A. , Benevenuto Fabrício
Published: November 2018

Sentiment analysis has become a very important tool for analysis of social media data. There are several methods developed, covering distinct aspects of the problem and disparate strategies. However, no single technique fits well in all cases or for all data sources. Supervised approaches may be able to adapt to specific situations, but require manually labeled training, which is very cumbersome and expensive to acquire, mainly for a new application. In this context, we propose to combine several popular and effective state‐of‐the‐practice sentiment analysis methods by means of an unsupervised bootstrapped strategy. One of our main goals is to reduce the large variability (low stability) of the unsupervised methods across different domains. The experimental results demonstrate that our combined method (aka, 10SENT) improves the effectiveness of the classification task, considering thirteen different data sets. Also, it tackles the key problem of cross‐domain low stability and produces the best (or close to best) results in almost all considered contexts, without any additional costs (e.g., manual labeling). Finally, we also investigate a transfer learning approach for sentiment analysis to gather additional (unsupervised) information for the proposed approach, and we show the potential of this technique to improve our results.
Altmetric scores: An early indicator of research impact
Authors: Wooldridge Jenny , King Mike B.
Published: November 2018

In this article we test whether metrics of online attention describing research can provide information on research quality and societal impact that is not found in citation data alone. Our approach is to set up a traditional model in which the true quality or impact of a university department is determined by a panel of experts, but a citation metric is regarded as a reasonable proxy. However, the model assumes that the information contained in the scores provided by an expert panel exceeds that contained in a citation metric (HEFCE, 2015). Finally, we extend this model by including altmetric data to see if it adds information about a department's performance that cannot be gleaned from citations alone. We find the presence of altmetric data for the cited underpinning research to be highly correlated with peer review scores for societal impact. Conversely, no such connection was seen with the assessment of research quality. Our findings therefore suggest altmetric data could be useful as an aid to assessing impact.
Carbon‐wrapped Bimetallic Co/Ni Catalysts (C@CoxNi1−x) Derived from Co/Ni‐MOF for Bifunctional Catalysts in Rechargeable Zn‐Air Batteries
Authors: Kim Kangjong , Lopez Kareen J. , Sun Ho‐Jung , An Jung‐Chul , Shim Joongpyo , Park Gyungse
Published: November 2018

Carbon‐wrapped Co/Ni metal nanoparticles (C@Co
xNi1−x) were synthesized by calcination of bimetallic metal–organic frameworks (Co/Ni‐MOFs), prepared by a hydrothermal reaction, under N2 atmosphere and explored as bifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) and oxygen evolution reactions (OER) for rechargeable Zn‐air batteries. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) measurements indicated that the composite obtained at 600°C (N600) exhibited superior electrochemical performance to other composites obtained at 500, 700, 800, and 900°C, respectively. Also N600 exhibited stable current–voltage profiles in a cycling test conducted in 8 M KOH solution for 200 h, suggesting that N600 can be a potential catalyst for rechargeable Zn‐air batteries.
An Idea to Explore: Understanding Redox Reactions in Biochemistry
Authors: Ochs Raymond
Published: November 2018

Understanding redox reactions in biochemistry requires a clear grasp of three definitions: electron exchange, oxidation number, and oxygen atom insertion. Here, the electrochemical cell is explained for redox‐active ions, introducing a new comparison between the measurement of midpoint potential and the measurement of initial velocity for enzymes. Oxygen atom insertion is shown to be of use in readily classifying oxidation states. Finally, the use of several of these ideas is combined into an explanation of proton motive force development in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. © 2018 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(1):25–28, 2018.