bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rethinking the Carter Doctrine and its Geopolitical Implications
Authors: Noth Gregory
Published: June 2021

This article combines insights from constructivism with historical analysis to argue that the US military engagement in the Gulf, beginning in the 1980s, was primarily driven by the changed roles of two actors: Iran after the Islamic Revolution and the United States attempting to regain its role as a global superpower following the Vietnam War. It argues that the year 1979 constitutes what constructivists deem a “critical juncture,” in which America’s response to three events—the Iranian Revolution/hostage crisis; the siege of Mecca’s Grand Mosque; and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan—helped to redefine the Gulf’s security architecture and made the region more insecure. It ends with a close examination of US participation in the Iran–Iraq War and the long-term implications of the Carter Doctrine’s changing logic.
Changes in Turkish Regional Policy from an Arab Perspective in the aftermath of Arab Uprisings
Authors: Magued Shaimaa
Published: June 2021

This study presents Arab perspectives on changes in Turkish policy in the Middle East from 2010 until 2020. It examines how Arab countries perceive changes in Turkish regional policy after the 2010–11 uprisings. Unlike Western and Turkish literature that has highlighted identity–security combinations behind changes in Turkish regional policy, this study argues that the Arabic research literature provides a different perspective. Based on a foreign policy analysis concept of operational milieu, this study argues that Arab countries negatively perceive the changes in Turkish policy due to structural transformations in the region during and after the uprisings that paved the way for the reemergence of psychological barriers between both sides.
Political Governance in Higher Education
Authors: Elamine Adnan
Published: June 2021

This paper uses a model of governance in higher education, called the political model, that explains the role of universities as agencies of control and socialization, with a resulting repercussion on the quality of education. It compares this model with common models such as the academic, Napoleonic, market-oriented and managerial. It undertakes a review of ten published cases studies, each dealing with the oldest public universities in ten Arab countries, using a historical approach, from their inception until 2016. Among the ten public universities, nine fall into the category of the political model, while the tenth represents the Napoleonic model. The discussion opens the field for further research.
An amphipathic Bax core dimer forms part of the apoptotic pore wall in the mitochondrial␣membrane
Authors: Lv Fujiao , Qi Fei , Zhang Zhi , Wen Maorong , Kale Justin , Piai Alessandro , Du Lingyu , Wang Shuqing , Zhou Liujuan , Yang Yaqing , Wu Bin , Liu Zhijun , del Rosario Juan , Pogmore Justin , Chou James J , Andrews David W , Lin Jialing , OuYang Bo
Published: June 2021

Bax proteins form pores in the mitochondrial outer membrane to initiate apoptosis. This might involve their embedding in the cytosolic leaflet of the lipid bilayer, thus generating tension to induce a lipid pore with radially arranged lipids forming the wall. Alternatively, Bax proteins might comprise part of the pore wall. However, there is no unambiguous structural evidence for either hypothesis. Using NMR, we determined a high‐resolution structure of the Bax core region, revealing a dimer with the nonpolar surface covering the lipid bilayer edge and the polar surface exposed to water. The dimer tilts from the bilayer normal, not only maximizing nonpolar interactions with lipid tails but also creating polar interactions between charged residues and lipid heads. Structure‐guided mutations demonstrate the importance of both types of protein–lipid interactions in Bax pore assembly and core dimer configuration. Therefore, the Bax core dimer forms part of the proteolipid pore wall to permeabilize mitochondria.
Effect of reading an educational booklet about sickle cell disease on family members' knowledge
Authors: Figueiredo Sarah Vieira , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães , Campos Daniella Barbosa , Chaves Edna Maria Camelo , Gomes Ilvana Lima Verde
Published: June 2021

Objective: to analyze the effect of reading an educational booklet about sickle cell disease related to family members’ knowledge. Methods: quasi-experimental study, with 20 children´s family members with sickle cell disease. A form was used before and 30 days after medical consultation (pre- and post-test). The booklet was given to the family member on the day of the consultation. Analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Science version 20 with the Shapiro-Wilk, Student’s t, McNemar’s chi-square and Odds Ratio statistical tests. Results: all participants were female, mostly mothers aged 20 to 30 years with high school education. The analysis revealed increase in the number of correct answers after reading the booklet with statistical significance (p<0.001). Conclusion: the reading of the booklet and the strategies used to encourage it contributed to increase the knowledge of family members about some disease aspects, enabling them to better deal with this disease.
Health needs related to chemotherapy treatment: construction and validation of educational videos
Authors: Grave Henrique Ponciuncula , Santos Inês Maria Meneses dos , Souza Sônia Regina de , Couto Leila Leontina do , Oliveira Aline dos Santos
Published: June 2021

Objective: to construct and validate the content of educational videos on health needs related to chemotherapy treatment. Methods: methodological study, carried out in four stages: identification of the health needs of patients on chemotherapy; construction of the educational videos; validation by expert judges; and adequacy. Results: health needs were identified and based on these, three educational videos were constructed with content validated by 31 to 35 judges, depending on the content of each one. The total Content Validity Index and the items of the evaluation criteria were higher than 0.80 and all items had a 95% confidence interval, whose lower limit was also higher than 0.80. Subsequently, the suggested adaptations were made to improve and confer legitimacy to the videos. Conclusion: the videos are believed to contribute to the patients’ knowledge and self-management of symptoms at home, adaptation to treatment, and consequent improvement in quality of life.
Zmniejszenie liczby zakażeń krwiobiegu związanych z wkłuciem centralnym, skorelowane z wprowadzeniem innowacyjnego opatrunku ze srebrem do cewników żyły centralnej, stosowanego przez 6 lat
Authors: Karlnoski Rachel , Abboud Elia Charbel , Thompson Peggy , Oxner Asa Z. , Sinnott John T. , Marcet Jorge E.
Published: June 2021

Cel Ocena innowacyjnego opatrunku ze srebrem (OP) do cewników do żyły centralnej w porównaniu z opatrunkami z gąbki impregnowanej glukonianem chlorheksydyny (GIGCH) w zapobieganiu zakażeniom krwiobiegu związanym z wkłuciem centralnym (ZKZWC) u dorosłych pacjentów na oddziałach intensywnej terapii (OIT). Projekt Retrospektywne badanie kohortowe. Miejsce Tampa General Hospital, akademicka placówka medyczna. Pacjenci Wszyscy dorośli pacjenci OIT w akademickiej placówce medycznej od stycznia 2009 do grudnia 2010 roku. Pomiary i główne wyniki W ciągu 2 lat przebadano łącznie 3189 kartotek pacjentów z 7 różnych OIT. Pacjenci otrzymywali opatrunki GIGCH (styczeń 2009 – grudzień 2009) lub OP (styczeń 2010 – grudzień 2010). Pierwszorzędowymi wynikami mierzonymi były wskaźniki ZKZWC na 1000 dni cewnikowania i długość pobytu na OIT. Było 30 696 dni cewnikowania z opatrunkami GIGCH i 31 319 dni cewnikowania z OP. Wystąpił statystycznie istotny spadek wskaźnika ZKZWC na 1000 dni cewnikowania w grupie z OP – z 2,38 do 1,28 (P=0,001), przy bezwzględnym zmniejszeniu ryzyka o 1,1. W grupie z OP stwierdzono istotnie mniejszą częstość występowania ZKZWC na 1000 dni cewnikowania (współczynnik zapadalności [IRR] ¼ 0,54; 95% przedział ufności [CI]: 0,36–0,80). Względne ryzyko ZKZWC w grupie z OP wynosiło 0,502 (95% CI: 0,340–0,730; P<0,001). Jeśli we wszystkich cewnikach stosowane byłyby OP, obserwowany zmniejszony wskaźnik ZKZWC dałby oszczędności rzędu od 4070 USD do 39 600 USD na 1000 dni cewnikowania. Po pomyślnym wdrożeniu OP zaobserwowano znaczące obniżki wskaźników ZKZWC i trwały spadek w kolejnych 6 latach. Wniosek Stosowanie opatrunków posrebrzanych (OP) wiąże się ze znacznym spadkiem częstości ZKZWC u dorosłych pacjentów OIOM w porównaniu z opatrunkami GIGCH, przy szacowanej oszczędności kosztów od 4070 do 39 600 USD na 1000 dni cewnikowania.
Resiliencia de la cobertura vegetal en el Suroeste de México ante los efectos del cambio climático
Authors: Santillán-Fernández Alberto , Vargas Cabrera Iris Idalia , Pelcastre Ruiz Luis Marcelino , Carrillo Ávila Eugenio , Alatorre Cobos Fulgencio , Bautista Ortega Jaime
Published: June 2021

El modelado de escenarios de cambios climáticos utilizando sistemas de información geográfica para estimar la resiliencia de la cobertura vegetal es una herramienta útil para proyectar impactos futuros e implementar estrategias de conservación o manejo. En el presente trabajo asociamos espacialmente la biodiversidad de la cobertura vegetal del Suroeste de México con su capacidad para adaptarse a los efectos del cambio climático. Para analizar esta asociación se estimaron índices de riqueza y diversidad de especies, y su relación con escenarios de clima futuro. Se utilizaron los registros geográficos del Inventario Nacional Forestal y de Suelos para ocho comunidades vegetales (arbórea, arbustiva, herbácea, palma, cactus, bejucos, helechos y xerófita) distribuidas entre Guerrero, Oaxaca y Chiapas. La proyección climática fue al 2050, con modelos de circulación global A2 (promedio CCCMA, HADCM3 y CSIRO), 19 variables bioclimáticas y una resolución de 2.5 minutos. Los escenarios de cambio climático se modelaron con el algoritmo MaxEnt y la riqueza de especies, índice de diversidad y regresiones espaciales con el software Diva-GIS v7.5. Los modelos de regresión espacial estimaron que a mayor riqueza y diversidad de especies mayor seria la resiliencia que mostraría el ecosistema. Las comunidades vegetales cactus, palma y xerófita mostraron mayor vulnerabilidad al cambio climático. Las variaciones en la estacionalidad de la temperatura resultó ser el factor que condicionaría su distribución futura. Por lo que, las estrategias de conservación o manejo deberían considerar a la diversidad como un agente del ecosistema que amortiguaría a los efectos negativos del clima futuro.
Citogenética comparativa de Physalis peruviana en tres poblaciones cultivadas de Cajamarca, Perú
Authors: Carbajal Yajahaira , Bonilla Henry , Siles-Vallejos María , López Alberto
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo se caracteriza y compara citogenéticamente Physalis peruviana “aguaymanto” de poblaciones cultivadas de la región Cajamarca: San Pablo, Celendín y Cajabamba. El número cromosómico más frecuente en las tres poblaciones fue 2n = 4x = 48 con frecuencias de 60, 50 y 34% en las poblaciones de San Pablo, Celendín y Cajabamba respectivamente. En menor frecuencia se encontró casos de aneuploidía somática. Los resultados permitieron distinguir cada población a partir de su fórmula cariotípica 17m+4sm+3t, 24m y 20m+2sm+2t que identifican a San Pablo, Celendín y Cajabamba respectivamente. Los cariotipos fueron caracterizados por la longitud total del complemento haploide (HCL) y los índices de simetría (S%), asimetría (A) y asimetría intra e intercromosómica (A1 y A2). El mayor valor de HCL se describió en San Pablo. Celendín presentó el mayor grado de simetría (S%= 53.226 y A= 0.177), mientras que los cariotipos de San Pablo y Cajabamba fueron descritos como los más asimétricos. Se concluye que la condición más frecuente es la tetraploidía; aunque se evidencia diferente morfología cromosómica entre los cariotipos de las tres poblaciones.
Ergosterol Peroxide and Stigmasterol from The Stembark of Aglaia simplicifolia (Meliaceae) and Their Cytotoxic against HeLa Cervical Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Kurniasih Nunung , Supriadin Asep , Harneti Desi , Abdulah Rizky , Taib Mohamad Nurul Azmi bin Mohamad , Supratman Unang
Published: June 2021

Two steroid compounds, ergosterol peroxide (1) and stigmasterol (2) have been isolated from the stembark of Aglaia simplicifolia belong to Meliaceae family. The chemical structures of 1 and 2 were identified based on spectroscopic evidence including UV, IR, 1D NMR, 2D NMR as well as mass spectra and by comparison with those previously reported spectra data. Both compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects against cervical cancer HeLa cells in vitro. Compounds 1 and 2 showed cytotoxicity activity against HeLa cervical cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.80 and 26.42 µM, respectively.
Entre Apolo e Dionísio, calcular, bebendo, as lágrimas
Authors: Krüger Constance von
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal apresentar a alegoria de Nietzsche em O Nascimento da Tragédia (1992) (a relação entre as forças de Apolo e Dionísio) como fundamento teórico para a análise de poemas do poeta brasileiro contemporâneo Ricardo Domeneck. Nesse percurso, o artigo apresentará alguns poemas de fases distintas de sua obra, mas sobretudo os presentes nos livros a cadela sem Logos (2007) e Sons: Arranjo: Garganta (2009), em uma tentativa de construir um ponto de vista sólido sobre algumas de suas características, em destaque: o apolíneo, o dionisíaco e o trágico, resultante da imbricação das duas anteriores.
O meio dia recostado sobre a meia-noite
Authors: Natalino Natália Barcelos
Published: June 2021

A epígrafe do poema “Sophia e o sol”, de Ana Martins Marques (Belo Horizonte, 1977), presente no livro Da arte das armadilhas (2011), encaminha a principal proposta deste artigo-ensaio: aproximar a poeta mineira de Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen (Porto, 1919 – Lisboa, 2004), seja pela via das citações diretas ou indiretas, seja pela identificação de “plágios”, “roubos” e “apropriações”, como se queira chamar, seja pela identificação daquilo que a própria Ana Martins Marques coloca como rastros de leitura. Propomos um exercício similar ao de Wilberth Salgueiro em  seu artigo “A tradição visível: poesia e citação” (2017): bem mais que uma passagem ou um trecho, consideramos como citação o próprio nome do autor, ou seja, partimos do dado objetivo da citação (da referência, da alusão, da nomeação) no corpo do poema. Reforçando nosso aporte teórico, recorremos, ainda, às contribuições de Antonie Compagnon, em O trabalho da citação (1996), e de Leonardo Villa-Forte, em Escrever sem escrever: literatura e apropriação no século XXI (2019).
António Ramos Rosa e Daniel Filipe
Authors: Fernandes Amoim Ederval
Published: June 2021

A poesia de António Ramos Rosa e Daniel Filipe marcou profundamente Portugal da segunda metade do século XX, época de grande ebulição cultural, social e política do país, que vivia a metade final do regime salazarista, que cairia em 1974. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar, sob as reflexões do filósofo italiano Giorgio Agamben sobre o contemporâneo, como a poesia de António Ramos Rosa e Daniel Filipe vivenciou um tempo-estético contemporâneo entre si, elegendo temas como a inadaptação ao trabalho burocrático e a eleição do amor como atitude libertária frente à opressão cultural, social e política experimentados por ambos. Serão analisados os poemas “[Não posso adiar o coração para outro século]” e “Poema dum funcionário cansado”, de Ramos Rosa; e “A invenção do amor” e “[Anjo de fogo]”, de Daniel Filipe.
Desaprendendo a escrever o humano e o poético
Authors: Boarin Fernanda Vivacqua de Souza Galvão
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma leitura do livro de poemas Seiva, veneno ou fruto, da poeta paulistana Júlia de Carvalho Hansen ([2016] 2018), tendo como ponto de partida a maneira como espécies animais, vegetais e minerais aparecem nos versos. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, trouxe ao debate as contribuições de Derrida (2002), acerca da relação com os animais na filosofia ocidental e na poesia. Encontrados pontos de contato entre os discursos – o poético e o filosófico –, emergiram igualmente diferenças, pelo fato de o autor dedicar suas elaborações apenas aos animais, e não a todos os seres. Seguindo o rastro deixado por tal distinção, o artigo volta-se para o perspectivismo ameríndio amazônico (VIVEIROS DE CASTRO, 2013a; 2013b), como forma de pensar estes signos, nos poemas, por uma outra cosmovisão, na qual os seres não humanos são entendidos enquanto sujeitos e, portanto, detentores de consciência e intencionalidade. Por fim, com o entrecruzamento de leituras, para além da reflexão sobre os seres não humanos no poema e da obra, o texto acaba por se defrontar com a própria palavra poética – este ser a deixar rastros.
Hans Jonas e a filosofia da vida
Authors: De Oliveira Jelson Roberto , Malta Pedro Jaras
Published: June 2021

Pretende-se nesse artigo apresentar as linhas gerais do que seria a filosofia da vida desenvolvida por Hans Jonas a partir da sua obra The Phenomenon of Life, de 1966. Para tanto, recuperar-se-á os elementos ontológicos, biológicos e fenomenológicos para promover uma análise que parta da crítica jonasiana à interpretação tradicional da vida no âmbito filosófico e científico, à qual se opõe a sua revolução ontológica, baseada na concepção de um monismo integral. A partir daí, analisar-se-á o conceito de unidade psicofísica e de liberdade como fio condutor dessa interpretação, que alcança a recuperação da teleologia como ação autoafirmativa da própria vida.
arcana imperii da telemática em face da crise do signo
Authors: Romandini Fabián Ludueña , Pontel Evandro
Published: June 2021

Entrevista com o Prof. Dr. Fabián Ludueña Romandini (UBA/Argentina), a partir da Conferência proferida durante o Congresso Internacional Biopolíticas no Século XXI (PUCRS/2020).
Idade subjetiva em idosos ativos
Authors: Teixeira Adriane Ribeiro , Cardoso Mariana de Medeiros , Olchik Maira Rozenfeld
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: analisar a idade subjetiva de idosos ativos, participantes de programa de universidade aberta e verificar a associação com variáveis sociodemográficas e de autopercepção de saúde e bem-estar.Métodos: estudo transversal, retrospectivo e observacional. Dados obtidos a partir de entrevista realizada no ato da matrícula de idosos em programa universitário, na qual são coletadas informações sobre dados sociodemográficos, de saúde e de escolaridade. Com relação à saúde, bem-estar, memória e estado físico, os idosos deveriam atribuir uma nota autoavaliativa. Sobre a idade subjetiva, o questionamento era: “Que idade o senhor(a) sente que tem?”. As variáveis foram descritas por média e desvio padrão com testes t de Student e coeficiente de correlação de Spearman.Resultados: foram analisados dados de 395 idosos, sendo 359 (90.9%) mulheres. A idade cronológica variou entre 60 e 96 anos, com média de idade cronológica de 71,5±6,8 anos. Já a média da idade subjetiva foi de 57,2±14,0 anos, havendo diferença significativa entre elas (p<0,001). Verificou-se correlação somente entre a idade subjetiva e a saúde percebida (rs=-0,149; p=0,003).Conclusão: os dados evidenciaram que no grupo de idosos ativos avaliado, houve diferença entre a idade cronológica e a idade subjetiva, sendo a subjetiva significativamente menor. Houve associação entre saúde percebida e idade subjetiva.
First report of the rare arboreal grasshopper Bactrophora dominans Westwood, 1842 (Insecta, Orthoptera, Caelifera, Romaleidae) from Brazil
Authors: Martins Silva Daniela Santos , Tavares Gustavo Costa , Fianco Marcos , Gonzalez Jorge M.
Published: June 2021

The genus Bactrophora Westwood, 1842 comprises only two species known from Central America and northern South America, with a notable scarcity of collected specimens. Herein, we provide the first records of the presence of this genus in Brazil. These new records, based on entomological collection data and photographic records, extend the known distribution of Bactrophora dominans Westwood, 1842 to include the Brazilian Amazonian region. Both records emphasize the importance of natural history collections and the significance of the iNaturalist web-based application as an instrumental tool in this discovery.
ISOLATION, PURIFICATION AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS FROM SEA CUCUMBER STICHOPUS HORRENS
Authors: Thinh Pham Duc
Published: June 2021

Sea cucumber glycosaminoglycans have been well known as potential anticoagulant and antithrombin agents. In this investigation, glycosaminoglycans were isolated from sea cucumber Stichopus horrens by papain enzymatic digestion. Crude glycosaminoglycans were fractionated and purified by using anion-exchange chromatography on the DEAE-Macro Prep column to give two fractions of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FCS1) and fucan sulfate (FS2). Structural characteristics of F1 and F2 fractions were elucidated using chemical and IR, NMR spectroscopic methods. The results showed that the monosaccharide compositions of FCS1 consist of N-Acetyl-Galactosamine (GlcNAc), D-Glucuronic acid (GlcA) and Fucose (Fuc) residues with different molar ratios, while FS2 content only fucose residues. Sulfate contents of FCS1 and FS2 were 47.4% and 48.1%, respectively. FCS1 and FS2 fractions were different in the pattern of sulfation of  N-Acetyl-Galactosamine and fucose residues. IR and NMR spectra of two frations showed that sulfate groups were primarily occupied at C4 of pyranose residues in FS2 and C6, C2 and/or C3 of pyranose residues in FCS1 fraction. Our results contributed to knowledge on structural types of glycosaminoglycan from sea cucumbers in Vietnam. The establishment of structural features plays an important role in further studies of the structure-bioactivity relationship of sea cucumber glycosaminoglycan.
XANTHONES AND OTHER COMPOUNDS FROM THE LATEX OF GARCINIA COWA
Authors: Nguyen Thi An Kim , Quang Ngo Dai , Long Pham Quoc , Thuy Tran Thi Thu
Published: June 2021

From our ongoing study on the latex of Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy collected in Quy Chau, Nghe An province, seven compounds were isolated including four prenylated xanthones: norcowanin (1), kaennacowanol A (2), garcinone D (3), fuscaxanthone I (4); one tocotrienol: parvifoliol F (5) and two triterpenes: stigmasterol (6), lupeol (7). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by physico-chemical spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with reported data. To the best of our knowledge, garcinone D (3), fuscaxanthone I (4) and parvifoliol F (5) were first reported as components of Garcinia cowa.
CHANGES OF BACTERIAL CONSORTIA IN ENRICHMENT OF DEPROTEINIZED NATURAL RUBBER WITH SAPA SOIL
Authors: Hoang Dung Nguyen , Thi Thu Trang Nguyen , Thi Thanh Nguyen , Thi Quynh Pham , Tien Thanh Nguyen , Huong Nguyen Lan
Published: June 2021

The accumulation of rubber waste has become a major environmental issue worldwide due to its adverse effects on ecology. Bioremediation is focused to minimize this problem. In this study, the degradation of deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) using bacterial consortia enriched from Sapa soil was examined. This soil was not history with rubber. The highest 39.16 ± 1.95 % weight loss of DPNR film was detected in the sixth enrichment consortium after 30 days of incubation. The occurrence of hydroxyl group in the film was observed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis. The changes in bacterial community in the consortia were determined by metagenomic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The dominant phyla in all consortia were Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria, while the phylum Actinobacteria was key rubber-degraders in the consortia.
A NON-GRADIENT APPROACH FOR THREE DIMENSIONAL TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Nguyen Minh Ngoc , Thanh Nguyen Nha , Tran Minh Tuan
Published: June 2021

The present work is devoted to the extension of the non-gradient approach, namely Proportional Topology Optimization (PTO), for compliance minimization of three-dimensional (3D) structures. Two schemes of material interpolation within the framework of the solid isotropic material with penalization (SIMP), i.e. the power function and the logistic function are analyzed. Through a comparative study, the efficiency of the logistic-type interpolation scheme is highlighted.  Since no sensitivity is involved in the approach, a density filter is applied instead of sensitivity filter to avoid checkerboard issue
Numerical Simulation of Multistage Bimolecular Photoreactions in Liquids: Algorithms and Software
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Feskov Sergey
Published: June 2021

In this paper we consider the tools for numerical simulation of multistage bimolecular photoreactions assisted by diffusive mobility of reactant molecules in viscous solutions. To describe these processes, the differential encounter theory (DET) is extended to account for the coherent dynamics of certain degrees of freedom (for example, electronic spins of reactants and intermediates). The model involves diffusion of reactants in solution and multistage/multichannel physicochemical processes proceeding both at the level of individual molecules and encounter complexes. Algorithms for numerical solution of model equations are proposed, which are related to evaluation of evolution operators. The algorithm for computing the quantum propagator for the density matrix based on the Trotter splitting is presented. A software package for simulation of multistage photoreactions has been developed using the suggested numerical approaches. The structure of the key software components is presented, examples of the program model construction are presented. A software testing has been carried out, showing good correspondence between the numerical results and exact solutions of the model equations in certain particular cases. As an example, a photoreaction with participation of 9,10-dimethylanthracene and 1,3-dicyanobenzene in acetonitrile solution has been considered, and basic procedures for configuring and simulating multistage bimolecular photoprocesses are shown. An importance of coherent description of the electronic spin evolution at the radical stage is shown.
DO OWNERSHIP CONCENTRATION AND THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AFFECT EXPORTS?
Authors: DIAS VITOR F. M. B. , CUNHA MICHELE A. , PEIXOTO FERNANDA M. , JESUKA DUTERVAL
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate whether the shareholder concentration and the board composition influence the export of Brazilian listed firms from 2010 to 2017. Originality/value: The study contributes to the literature on exports and corporate governance by highlighting that companies with good governance practices, measured by the board composition and ownership/control structure, might increase their exports. This research can serve as a guide for companies to structure their boards in order to positively influence exports and improve performance. In addition, the study raises the question of what would be the “optimal level” of firms’ shareholding concentration in order to improve the decision-making process involved in choosing to expand borders through export. Design/methodology/approach: The study performed logistic regression (logit model) and regression with the censored dependent variable (tobit model). Propensity to export and intensity of export were used as dependent variables. The logit regressions involved a sample of 307 exporting and non-exporting companies, and the tobit regressions involved a sample of 61 exporting firms. Findings: We found a positive relationship between board independence and exports, that is, the greater presence of independent members on the board, the higher the export level of firms. We also found that there is a non-monotonic relationship between shareholder concentration and level of exports. In summary, the study suggests that some corporate governance mechanisms may act as antecedents for firms’ export practices.
IMPACT OF THE FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF BOARD DIRECTORS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PUBLICLY TRADED BRAZILIAN COMPANIES
Authors: MACHADO VAGNER N. , SONZA IGOR B.
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: We analyzed the impact of board directors with foreign experience on the accounting and market performance of companies listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange (B3). Originality/value: We show unpublished empirical evidence about the relationship between the foreign experience of board directors and the performance of Brazilian firms. Knowing this relationship better contributes to the formulation of internal policies for the qualification of senior management, in addition to being valuable to shareholders, especially in a context of weak legal protection, as it is in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach: We collected data from 230 companies between 2010 and 2016, submitted it to unbalanced panel data regressions using the Systemic Generalized Method of Moments (GMM-Sys). Findings: The results suggest that the higher the proportion of board members with academic and professional foreign experience, the lower their accounting and market performance. This finding can be justified by institutional isomorphism, in which having an experience abroad would be a myth, a status institutionalized by the Brazilian society. In addition, foreign owners and directors face cultural barriers and would have less knowledge of the local environment, which would increase information asymmetries, impacting negatively in firms’ performance. On the other hand, an increase in the number of foreigners on the board positively influences the market value of companies, since, by having weaker local power networks and, consequently, less possibility to obtain private benefits, the investors could value companies with this characteristic.
O riso combatente: a sátira e o escárnio nos periódicos paraguaios durante a Guerra da Tríplice Aliança
Authors: Oliveira Filho Sergio Willian de Castro
Published: June 2021

RESUMO: Durante a Guerra da Tríplice Aliança contra o Paraguai (1865-1870), houve da parte de Solano López o desejo e o investimento na criação de periódicos que servissem aos interesses da propaganda de guerra do governo paraguaio, bem como da elevação do moral das tropas. Especialmente direcionados aos soldados paraguaios, os periódicos El Centinela e Cabichuí possuíam dentre suas características o coloquialismo e o apelo constante ao humor e ao riso. Com uma linguagem que se aproximava deveras da oralidade cotidiana e incentivava a leitura em grupo, tais jornais visavam alcançar o riso de seus leitores/ouvintes através do sarcasmo, da degradação e da depreciação do inimigo. Nosso objetivo é discutir de que modo o riso, que a princípio parece ser um elemento de reduzida importância no grande espectro da guerra, pode tomar outras feições se analisado sob o prisma da história cultural. Para tal, nossa metodologia tem por mote a análise dos textos e das imagens publicados nos periódicos paraguaios, em especial, os que faziam menção aos brasileiros, de modo a buscar compreender as apropriações do “outro” realizadas pela imprensa paraguaia durante a guerra, as quais estavam inseridas em um espectro da provocação do riso e eram forjadas com intenções voltadas ao esforço de guerra.
Predictor Variables of Childbearing Motivations in Brazilian Women and Men
Authors: Varas Giuliana Violeta Vasquez , Borsa Juliane Callegaro
Published: June 2021

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the relationships between positive (PCM), negative (NCM) childbearing motivations and psychological, sociodemographic, family of origin and partner relationship variables in a sample of 1969 Brazilians (83.6% female), aged 18 to 50 years (M = 29.27; SD = 5.97). Spearman correlations, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis U-tests, and multiple regressions were performed. The results of the correlations and multiple regressions verified the relationship between both motivations and the various variables postulated. It was also verified that religiosity was the variable with greater predictive power for PCM and having or not having children was the variable with greater predictive power for NCM. In the group difference analysis, significant differences were found for PCM according to occupation, type of relationship, and presence/absence of a partner. As for the NCM, significant differences were found according to sex.
Crise Educacional e Ambiental em Paulo Freire e Enrique Leff: por uma pedagogia ambiental crítica
Authors: Martins Victor de Oliveira , Araujo Alana Ramos
Published: June 2021

Resumo: O artigo dialoga as contribuições de Paulo Freire sobre a crise educacional com as de Enrique Leff sobre a crise ambiental. Para tal, analisamos que tanto o contexto da educação, quanto o contexto do meio ambiente refletem problemáticas sistêmicas, epistemológicas e civilizatórias que produzem práticas e pensamentos insustentáveis e hegemônicos. Partimos, assim, de revisões bibliográficas entre Paulo Freire e Enrique Leff, dialogando com metodologias e correntes do materialismo histórico dialético e do pensamento descolonial. Verificamos que a pedagogia ambiental, como resultado simbiótico da inter-relação das contribuições dos marcos teóricos estudados, se perfaz como caminho para enfrentamento da crise ambiental e dos recursos naturais e como novo modelo civilizatório por meio da criticidade, complexidade, transdisciplinaridade, sustentabilidade e justiça.
Aulas Remotas Durante a Pandemia: dificuldades e estratégias utilizadas por pais
Authors: Lunardi Nataly Moretzsohn Silveira Simões , Nascimento Andrea , Sousa Jeff Barbosa de , Silva Núbia Rafaela Martins da , Pereira Teresa Gama Nogueira , Fernandes Janaína da Silva Gonçalves
Published: June 2021

Resumo: O objetivo da pesquisa é compreender as representações sociais de pais sobre suas dificuldades e estratégias utilizadas nas aulas remotas oferecidas aos seus filhos. Participaram 147 pais/responsáveis de filhos em situação de ensino remoto. Para coleta dos dados, utilizou-se questionário sociodemográfico e Teste de Evocação Livre de Palavras. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise prototípica. Os resultados apontaram dificuldades com: internet, administração do tempo, concentração e conciliação do estudo/trabalho. As estratégias adotadas foram: organização da rotina e do local de trabalho e estudo, conversas e acompanhamento das atividades dos filhos. Considerou-se que estes pais precisam de mais informação e melhor suporte escolar.
Prevalência e fatores associados à síndrome de burnout entre docentes da rede pública de ensino: estudo de base populacional
Authors: Magalhães Tatiana Almeida de , Vieira Marta Raquel Mendes , Haikal Desiree Sant’ana , Nascimento Jairo Evangelista , Brito Maria Fernanda Santos Figueiredo , Pinho Lucinéia , Volker Valéria , Silveira Marise Fagundes
Published: June 2021

Resumo Objetivos: identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados à síndrome de burnout (SB) entre docentes da educação básica de escolas públicas de um município de médio porte. Métodos: estudo transversal analítico realizado em Minas Gerais, em 2016. Coletaram-se dados sociodemográficos e ocupacionais e aplicou-se o Cuestionário para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo para avaliar a SB. A amostra (n = 745) foi probabilística por conglomerados em único estágio. Utilizou-se análise hierarquizada com regressão de Poisson. Resultados: a prevalência geral da SB foi de 13,8% (IC95%: 11,3-16,3%), com 9,0% apresentando o Perfil 1 (SB sem níveis altos de sentimento de culpa) e 4,8% o Perfil 2 (SB grave). As dimensões mais prevalentes foram “desgaste psíquico” (39,4%) e “ilusão pelo trabalho” (19,7%). A prevalência de SB foi maior entre os docentes mais jovens (RP = 1,82), sem filhos (RP = 1,45), concursados/efetivos (RP = 1,88), insatisfeitos no trabalho (RP = 3,16), com desejo de mudar de profissão (RP = 2,94) e com falta de apoio da direção escolar (RP = 2,38). Conclusão: há urgência na criação de políticas públicas de suporte aos docentes, pois os identificados com sintomas da síndrome estão em exercício funcional, o que agrava seu quadro de saúde e, por conseguinte, compromete os diversos processos da área educacional.
POLÍTICA EXTERNA BRASILEIRA PARA O SAARA OCIDENTAL: pragmatismo e ruptura
Authors: Smolarek Adriano Alberto , Miranda João Irineu de Resende
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este artigo analisa a posição brasileira sobre o conflito entre o Marrocos e o Saara Ocidental. No centro da discussão desse conflito está o direito do Saara Ocidental a sua autodeterminação. O princípio da autodeterminação dos povos está previsto na Constituição brasileira e é parte indissociável das manifestações diplomáticas ao longo da história. No entanto, a atual chancelaria tem emitido declarações que evidenciam uma ruptura da tradição brasileira nesse tema. Este artigo analisa a seguinte questão: o que teria motivado o atual governo a descumprir o princípio da autodeterminação e abandonar uma tradição histórica da diplomacia brasileira? Tendo o método dedutivo e a documentação indireta como técnicas de pesquisa, abordou-se a situação do Saara Ocidental e um ato internacional ilícito cometido pelo Marrocos. Sobre o Brasil, realizou-se pesquisa histórica e documental do posicionamento sobre a autodeterminação dos povos. Ao final, constatou-se que fatores comerciais motivaram a mudança do posicionamento brasileiro sobre o conflito em questão.
Nós, pós-humanos: da gênese à liberdade
Authors: Pussetti Chiara
Published: June 2021

A capacidade tecnológica de transformar a biologia, ligada aos avanços da engenharia genética, da farmacologia, da cibernética e da nanotecnologia, tem gerado uma ampla variedade de dispositivos de manipulação das caraterísticas e das funções humanas, levando a questionamentos fundamentais de ordem ética. Novas (bio)tecnologias criam e modificam os alimentos e os fármacos que ingerimos; os dispositivos que integram e alteram o nosso corpo; e os prostéticos que o aumentam ou melhoram. Se hoje assistimos a uma proliferação e democratização das tecnologias de manipulação corporal, essas intervenções, de formas e intensidades diferentes dependendo dos diversos contextos, estão desde sempre presentes na história da espécie humana. Este ensaio apresenta uma reflexão-repensamento crítica sobre o que nós entendemos hoje como “ser humano” e sobre as dimensões éticas, estéticas e políticas da autodeterminação humana.
Telenovela como estratégia de educação nutricional no âmbito de uma política pública de acesso à alimentação adequada e saudável
Authors: Filgueiras Jullyane Hott , Bento Isabel Cristina , Pereira Simone Cardoso Lisboa , Bethony Maria Flávia Gazzinelli
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo objetivou analisar a telenovela “O caminho do meio” como estratégia de educação alimentar nutricional e a sua relação com os processos de aprendizagem inventiva e com a produção de novos modos de subjetivação. Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, com 15 frequentadores de um restaurante popular, por meio de: (1) visualização da telenovela “O caminho do meio”, com duração de 46 minutos; e (2) entrevista individual realizada com um roteiro previamente estruturado. Após gravação, transcrição e análise de conteúdo dos discursos emergiram três categorias: (1) a telenovela e as experiências de vida dos frequentadores do restaurante popular; (2) a telenovela: cenas, personagens e mensagem; (3) novas percepções e tendências relacionadas à alimentação e ao estilo de vida. A experimentação com a telenovela forneceu uma aprendizagem inventiva e a produção de novos modos de subjetivação.
Interseccionalidade e violência contra as mulheres em tempos de pandemia de covid-19: diálogos e possibilidades
Authors: Barbosa Jeanine Pacheco Moreira , Lima Rita de Cassia Duarte , Santos Gabriela de Brito Martins , Lanna Solange Drumond , Andrade Maria Angélica Carvalho
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este ensaio tem como objetivo problematizar as relações entre a violência contra as mulheres e o isolamento social durante a pandemia de covid-19, a partir do diálogo entre os aportes teóricos dos estudos interseccionais e as contribuições do Movimento Institucionalista, por meio da filosofia da diferença de Gilles Deleuze. O isolamento social na pandemia comparece como operador de análise e categoria de intersecção, o que pode ser compreendido como acontecimento no contexto do institucionalismo. Trata-se, portanto, de vislumbrar a interseccionalidade a partir de uma perspectiva pós-estruturalista. Busca-se viabilizar a construção de espaços de problematização, a partir das contribuições que vão desde a saúde até as ciências sociais e humanas, campo extenso e diversificado da saúde coletiva, refletindo a própria concepção ampliada de saúde em suas inúmeras interfaces. Por meio dessa perspectiva, buscou-se deslocar a relação de causalidade direta entre o isolamento social e violência contra as mulheres, fazendo uma análise sócio-histórico-política que articule o microssocial, singular, com o contexto macrossocial, a fim de descortinar desigualdades e violências já experimentadas.
Temperature dependence of carbon nanoparticles transport characteristics
Authors:   Volgograd State Agricultural University, Sudorgin S. A. , Lebedev N. G. ,   Volgograd State University
Published: June 2021

Technique for calculating the temperature dependences of transport characteristics of different carbon nanoparticles: single-walled nanotubes, graphene, bilayer graphene in a constant external electric field is proposed. Formulas for conductivity and the diffusion coefficient of electrons in carbon nanostructures obtained analytically and analyzed numerically. Conductivity in single-walled and bilayer carbon nanostructures decreases with increasing temperature. The electrical conductivity of carbon nanoparticles depends nonlinearly on the amplitude of the external constant electric field for various temperatures. With increasing temperature, the coefficient of conductivity decreases. The diffusion coefficient of electrons is independent of temperature for both single-layer and bilayer nanoparticles. A nonlinear dependence of the electron diffusion coefficient on the strength of an external constant electric field is shown. Physical justification of the obtained dependences is propose.
Mechanisms of formation vortex structures at the liquid-gas interface with an adsorption layer
Authors:   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Shmyrova A.I. , Shmyrov A. V. ,   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS
Published: June 2021

Experimental results of a homogeneous (along the coordinate transverse to the stream) flow instability during the interaction with a film of surfactant adsorbed at the flat interface are presented. The flow was formed at a point-like heat by radiation and a source of surfactants (acetone drops). It is proved that a small value of the film shear viscosity is one of the requirements for the vortices formation process. The possibility to use the dimensionless parameter (the elasticity number) to describe the system behavior in 3D geometry is shown. A potential mechanism for the vortices origin is proposed. The results of the visualization of the water surface uniform flow around a solid sphere are presented.
RUSSIAN CLUBS IN EAST ASIA AND USABLE PAST FOR COMPATRIOTS
Authors:   Buryat State University (Ulan-Ude), Mikhaleva Anastasiya
Published: June 2021

This work focuses on the practices of memory of Russian compatriots' organizations in East Asia. The aim of the study was to analyze how the latter use the past as mnemonic actors. We studied the narratives about the past created by compatriots' organizations and the Russian authorities or with their support. Today the Russian state creates a demand for a specific version of memory in the region, as part of its policy of supporting the Russian world. Compatriots' organizations have responded to it in exchange for support and have become agents of the Russian foreign policy, increasing influence in East Asia. These organizations privatize historical memory and form an identity on its basis, for which long-standing presence in the region and unity with Russia have become the most important characteristics. However, after the establishment of Rossotrudnichestvo, the Russian state formed a system of local agents. If the demand for the participation of compatriots' organizations in memory politics disappears, then it is possible that oppositional interpretations of the past will appear.
THE JUSTIFICATION STRATEGIES OF RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY SINCE 2014: A STUDY OF THE CASES OF CRIMEA JOINING RUSSIA AND RUSSIAN MILITARY OPERATION IN SYRIA
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow), Myasnikov Stanislav
Published: June 2021

The trajectory of the Russian foreign policy changed in 2014 as Russia deviated from its foreign policy principles. A specific justification was needed in order to legitimize Russian foreign policy domestically and abroad. Russian officials provided such a justification. It was successful on the domestic level, but its effectiveness on the international level was questionable. This article undertakes an analysis of the justification strategies of Russian foreign policy after 2014, with a focus on those, which were used by Russian authorities in their justification of Crimea joining Russia and Russian actions in the Syrian Arab Republic. It is shown why the justification could be considered as strategic. Applying the instruments of the strategic narratives’ theory, the author reveals the main strategic narratives of Russian foreign policy officials. The article discovers that the main justification strategies were communicative defense, communicative attack, communicative counter-attack, and position declaration. The communicative position of the Russian Federation in the case of Crimean justification could be explained as initially difficult, but gaining a communicative position in the justification of Russian actions in Syria could positively support the justification of the Crimean case.
SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS FOR GEOSTRATEGIC TERRITORIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Irkutsk), Blanutsa Viktor
Published: June 2021

By analyzing the “Strategy for the Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the Period until 2025" the study aimed to verify the correspondence between the distribution of promising economic specializations by region, the location of promising centers of economic growth, the formation of macro-regions, and the prioritized position of geostrategic territories. To execute that the territory of Russia was divided into two zones. Based on the Strategy content, it was required to prove that the development of the first zone had a priority. The study’s theoretical basis was the concept of economic convergence. Based on a combination of promising specializations, their diversity, macro-regions, and the localization of growth centers four research hypotheses were formulated. A quantitative measure of interregional differences in the combination of promising specializations was proposed, an algorithm for combining neighboring regions into groups was developed, and corresponding calculations were carried out. As a result, all hypotheses were rejected as erroneous and four alternative hypotheses were accepted. The latter ones allowed the conclusion that there was no prioritized development for specific geostrategic regions. Therefore, the state policy of spatial development in the future will not lead to accelerated development of geostrategic territories and to the smoothing of inter-regional differences in Russia.