bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Panduan Digital Berbasis Klarifikasi Nilai Empatik Pencegahan Mikroagresi Bias Gender Guru Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rafli Muhammad , Latif Suciani , Umar Nur Fadhilah
Published: June 2024

This study aims to develop guidelines for empathetic communication methods for teachers and students in preventing gender bias microaggressions based on flip book media. This research method uses Hannafin and Peck's model development research. This development research applies steps starting from the stages of needs analysis, design, product development, material and media expert testing, revision, and user testing. The subjects of this study were 20 elementary school teachers in Makassar City. The research data collection technique uses a needs analysis questionnaire, expert validation, and user trials in the form of a Google form using a Likert scale. Data analysis techniques using descriptive and reflective data analysis. The results showed that the teacher's level of need for digital guidance was 90% and was categorized as feasible through validation by media and material experts at 90% and through the user test process with a high level of media feasibility. This shows that the teach-smart digital guide is appropriate in reducing and preventing microaggressions caused by the teacher's gender bias behavior in the learning process.
Filsafat Dasar dalam Konseling Psikoanalisis : Studi Literatur
Authors: Habsy Bakhrudin All , Mufidha Nazwatul , Shelomita Cahyaning , Rahayu Indah , Muckorobin Moch. Ilham
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this literature study is to help individuals to be more confident by looking for the abilities that exist within them. This article reviews four main points of writing, which cover (1) Basic philosophy, (2) Human nature, (3) Personality structure, (4) Ego defense mechanism, and (5) Personal development psychoanalytic counseling. The method used for this article is a literature study. Psychoanalysis is a useful theory for the analysis of human psychology. Sigmund Shlomo Freud developed this theory due to a bad incident between him and his father. This theory has three structures, namely the id, ego, and superego, in which these three elements continuously interact and result in encouragement within oneself, giving birth to healthy and unhealthy behaviors.
Internalisasi Nilai Kearifan Lokal dalam Keilmuan Bimbingan dan Konseling
Authors: Hidayat Ade
Published: June 2024

World life which is constantly changing rapidly requires the presence of realistic studies and views by paying attention to local wisdom. In the academic field, especially education today, which is characterized by decentralization and autonomy, it gives a pedagogical orientation to the trend of multiculturalism. The orientation of Indonesian education is directed at the nation's motto “Bhineka Tunggal Ika”, Unity in Diversity, meaning that the blueprint for Indonesian education must be based on a philosophical and cultural basis which guarantees that Indonesian people are dignified and sovereign who are not uprooted from their cultural roots as an Indonesian nation. Guidance and counseling as an integral part of education requires a strong philosophical foundation based on the abstraction of environmental and local cultural values. For guidance and counseling, the philosophical foundation provides directions for scientific development as general competence, code of ethics, and practice of guidance and counseling services. Directions are needed as a guide in facing such rapid and complex changes in life.
Pola Komunikasi Keluarga dalam Pembentukan Kepribadian Anak
Authors: Yulianti Yulianti , Utami Sri , Febriani Widia
Published: June 2024

The research conducted in this literature review utilized a documentation study approach, analyzing ten theoretical studies sourced from articles. The research focused on "family communication patterns" and "child personality." The findings strongly support the notion that effective communication within the family is vital for the healthy growth and development of children's personalities. When communication patterns are well-established, it fosters open and honest relationships between parents and children, allowing parents to understand better and cater to their children's needs.
Pengaruh Pola Komunikasi Demokratis Orang Tua terhadap Perkembangan Interaksi Sosial pada Anak
Authors: Ruzea Iryne , Aliza Nur , Afandes Muhammad Farhan , Yulianti Yulianti
Published: June 2024

The writing of this Literature review is based on the existence of various problems of social development stages in children and parental communication patterns in Indonesia, which are still not entirely positive, inappropriate and effective for development and children's growth, including children's social development such as children who are not brave, nervous and even cry if they are going to communicate and interact with other people or society. This literature review aims to analyze and see specifically and theoretically how the influence of democratic parental communication patterns on one of the child's developmental tasks, namely the development of children's social interactions with the surrounding environment. The method in this literature review was carried out on six articles obtained by researchers from one database, namely Google Scholar. The keywords used to search for this article were "democratic parenting," "child development tasks," "child social development," and "child interaction."
Siswa Berduka di Indonesia Membutuhkan Pendidikan Kematian: Rekomendasi Penerapan Konseling di Sekolah
Authors: Novianti Novianti , Supriatna Mamat , Nadhirah Nadia Aulia
Published: June 2024

The death of the closest people leaves a feeling of loss and grief that can last into adulthood if it is not resolved. Children and adolescents are the most vulnerable subjects due to a lack of understanding about death and grief. Unfortunately, death education in Indonesia is still minimal, even though it can help children cope with grief as a basic response to loss. Death education should be provided by guidance and counseling teachers, but no studies or practices in Indonesia apply to this context. Therefore, this research was conducted to make recommendations based on a literature review on death education to help students cope with grief. This study uses the systematic literature review (SLR) method which aims to synthesize and present in-depth data from 20 selected previous studies from Google Scholar, PubMed, Harzing, and Mendeley. The implementation of death education can be focused on the explanation of death, the value of life and death, and strategies to cope with the grief caused by death. Practical strategies to implement death education in Indonesia can be developed before being widely practiced.
Efektivitas Metode Dialog Sokratik untuk Mengembangkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Novianti Williya , Siddik Riesa Rismawati , Suherman Maya Masyita , Pahlevi Reza
Published: June 2024

Critical thinking skills, is an important asset that students must have as a provision for dealing with technological developments and the effects of globalization in the era of disruption towards the era of society 5.0. One effort to develop students' critical thinking skills is through the socratic dialogue method. In general, this study aims to find out how the effectiveness of the socratic dialogue method can develop the critical thinking skills of students in class XI IPS at SMA Negeri 1 Batujajar in 2022-2023. The research approach uses a quantitative approach with experimental methods, non-equivalent control-group design. Sampling technique using non-probability homogenous sampling technique on 162 students of class XI IPS SMAN 1 Batujajar. Data collection uses a measuring tool in the form of a critical thinking skills test instrument. The results of the study show: (1) the profile of students' critical thinking skills is generally in the medium category; (2) the socratic dialogue method is effective for developing critical thinking skills; (3) all aspects of critical thinking skills experience a significant increase in value with the treatment of the socratic dialogue method.
Pola Brief Hope Intervention dalam Mengembangkan Kekuatan Harapan Siswa
Authors: Septina Tea , Ilfiandra Ilfiandra , Yudha Eka Sakti
Published: June 2024

Building hope is necessary so students are not easily discouraged, fragile, and frustrated in an era of competition. Intervention on the power of hope must be given in short sessions because the z-generation is used to short processes. The research aims to describe the Brief Hope Intervention (BHI) pattern to develop students' hope power. The research was conducted using a systematic literature review method. The study results show that BHI  is a modification of hope therapy that aligns with the principles of SFBC. BHI was conducted in four sessions: two face-to-face sessions (1 hour) and two follow-up sessions (30 minutes). BHI targets are  1) finding workable goals (goal setting), 2) finding ways to achieve targets (pathway), and 3) positive self-talk to optimize motivation in achieving set goals (agency). In practice, focus on the perception of development and assessment of self-strength. Counselors can use worksheets and questions directed at strengths and resources, especially relational questions.
Зарубежный опыт налогового стимулирования инвестиций в человеческий капитал
Authors: Тихонова А.В. , Акулов А.Я.
Published: June 2024

Исследование посвящено обзору и систематизации опыта развитых и развивающихся стран в области налоговой поддержки инвестирования в человеческий капитал. Проанализированы механизмы подоходного и корпоративного налогообложения, выявлены ключевые различия в подходах, реализуемых развитыми и развивающимися государствами, состоящие как в выборе механизмов стимулирования вложений в человеческий капитал, так и в объемах таких стимулов. Исходя из проведенного анализа определены векторы развития отечественной системы налогообложения в данном направлении.
EDUKASI PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGANAN CEDERA OLAHRAGA PADA TIM FUTSAL SMAN 1 RANGKASBITUNG
Authors: Pristianto Arif , Saffanah Dintha Nadhira , Radinda Indiana , Sari Dwi Rosella Komala
Published: June 2024

SMAN 1 Rangkasbitung yang memiliki tim futsal dan sering turun dalam pertandingan antar sekolah. Futsal merupakan olahraga yang dimainkan secara tim dengan ukuran lapangan serta jumlah pemain lebih kecil dari sepak bola. Intensitas gerakan dalam pertandingan futsal yang tinggi menyebabkan rentan terjadinya cedera. Selain itu dalam mempersiapkan kondisi pemain juga serangkaian latihan yang dilakukan dapat menimbilkan cedera. Â Cedera olahraga dapat terjadi karena berbagai faktor dan memiliki banyak bentuk ataupun grade. Oleh karena itu penting untuk diberikan edukasi terkait pencegahan dan penanganan awal cedera pada tim futsal SMAN 1 Rangkasbitung. Program edukasi yang diberikan meliputi promotif dan preventif cedera berupa persiapan latihan maupun pertandingan agar terhindar dari cedera. Selain itu juga pengenalan upaya pertolongan pertama jika terjadi cedera dan program rehabilitatifnya. Metode yang digunakan berupa penyampaian secara online dan secara langsung dibantu media leaflet maupun presentasi serta simulasi tindakan program penanganan cedera berupa teknik PRICE (Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation). Hasil dari kegiatan ini diukur menggunakan kuesioner pre dan post-test dimana terdapat perubahan tingkat pemahaman para peserta penyuluhan. Sebanyak 57% peserta mengalami peningkatan pemahaman dari sebelumnya yaitu 33% menjadi 90% setelah diberikan materi dan demonstrasi tentang penanganan pertama saat terjadi cedera. Dapat disimpulkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman pada para peserta kegiatan edukasi terkait cara menghindari cedera dalam olahraga dan pertolongan pertama yang baik dan benar pada kondisi cedera. Pihak sekolah maupun tim futsal SMAN 1 Rangkasbitung sangat antusias dalam kegiatan dan dapat diimplementasikan dalam program latihan maupun pertandingan selanjutnya.
PERBAIKAN SISTEM OPERASIONAL USAHA TRAVEL SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KUALITAS MANAJEMEN
Authors: Azhari Azhari , Moh. Mustofa  , Muslinawati Retno , Dwi Meisari Erika , Setia Anggarista Erika Tri
Published: June 2024

Activity Aims To Improve The Travel Business Operational System As An Effort To Improve Management Quality Based on the results of assistance for the "Nafis Transport" travel business, it can be concluded that this assistance is specifically focused on improving service SOPs for customers and fleet management. The impact of this assistance shows that there are benefits for "Nafis Transport" management in understanding the systematics and flow of service to customers as well as better travel management. This increased understanding allows companies to provide services to customers more efficiently and manage their transportation fleet in a more structured manner. The evaluation results also reflect the lack of human resources for good administrative preparation. The evaluation suggests that addressing these challenging needs is done through a more advanced approach, perhaps by providing additional training or strengthening the administration team with appropriate resources. Along with improving SOPs, addressing limited human resources is very important to ensure long-term improvements and improvements in operational quality for attenuation objects.
MARDİN BİENALLERİ ÜZERİNE GENEL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Şahin Okan
Published: June 2024

Mardin Bienalleri 2010 yılında başlayıp günümüzde de sürmekte olan Türkiye’nin önemli şehir bienalleri arasındadır. Çağdaş sanat pratikleri aracılığıyla hem şehrin kendine özgü motiflerini hem de güncel problemleri ortaya koymayı hedefleyen etkinlikler serisi olarak diğer şehir bienallerinden ayrılan Mardin Bienalleri dönem dönem yaşadığı çeşitli zorluklara rağmen varlığını sürdürmektedir. Şehrin kendine özgü kültürel dinamiklerinden hareket alan Mardin Bienalleri, yerli ve yabancı sanatçıları bir araya getiren yapısı ve değişken kavramsal çerçeveleriyle butik bir bienal olma özelliğinden sıyrılmıştır. Çalışma, başlangıcından günümüze sürmekte olan Mardin Bienallerini estetik değerlendirmeler bağlamında, bienal metinlerinin kavramsal çerçeveleri yahut çeşitli yazar ve eleştirmenlerin değerlendirmeleri ışığında ele almayı amaçlamaktadır.
POSSIBLE CONSTRUCTION FEATURES OF EQUIPMENT FOR RADONOMETRY OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS ON THE SEA SHELF DURING RESEARCH AT SHORE NPP SITES
Authors: Siedin V.L. , Ulianov V.Yu. , Zahilskyi V.A. , Kovba V.V. , Horlach S.M. , Luhovska Ye.V.
Published: June 2024

Problem statement. Along with other natural gases that are freely discharged into the atmosphere in tectonic fault zones in Earth’s crust, the best-known one is the radioactive gas Radon (²²²Rn). The properties of this gas, namely inertness, short half-life period (up to 3.8 days) and availability of progeny distinguish it from other gases, such as methane, hydrogen, helium, etc. Another problem is determining the activity of tectonic faults identified by seismic exploration works in the waters near sites of future shore NPPs or those under construction. All the existing devices for offshore works were analyzed. Their advantages and disadvantages, as well as their suitability for radon research, have been revealed. Purpose of the article. In the paper, the need is substantiated to introduce radonometry for seismotectonic studies at shore NPP sites located in the sea and ocean shelf zones. Conclusions and results. As a result of analyzing the systems available for these purposes, it was deemed necessary to develop new types of devices different from the already existing ones and, for good measure, experimental prototypes. Moreover, there have been proposed their possible layout schemes. Layout schemes of specialized devices for radon research on the shelf, just as the need for such research, have been proposed and justified for the first time. Offshore radonometry conducted to identify the tectonic activity of revealed fault zones can become another additional factor that increases the operational reliability of future NPPs and, first of all, their hydraulic structures.
NEURAL NETWORKS IN ARCHITECTURE: FROM IDEA TO IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Beiner N.V. , Beiner P.S. , Kulik M.V. , Ivanenko D.S.
Published: June 2024

Problem Statement. In the modern design process, advanced technologies are increasingly being utilized to create complex and innovative architectural projects. Neural networks play a crucial role in the development of automated image generation methods in the architectural field, considering various styles, forms, and textures. However, despite the rapid advancement of these technologies, there are significant issues hindering their full integration into architectural practice. Generating beautiful concept images using neural networks remains far from realization. These images may be inspirational but do not address technical aspects such as developing 3D models, preparing drawings, and performing calculations necessary for the successful implementation of projects. Striking a balance between aesthetics and functionality is a key factor for the successful realization of construction projects. The aim of the article is to examine the issues related to image concept generation in architecture using MidJourney and similar platforms. The primary focus is on analyzing why generating concept images is only the initial step in architectural design. Additional stages are required, such as developing 3D models, preparing drawings, and performing calculations. This will transform the ideas presented in images into tangible three-dimensional objects, considering technical aspects and engineering systems.
Epidemiology of Bladder Cancer: Current Insight
Authors: Golovko Sergii
Published: June 2024

Bladder cancer (BC) is a 9th most common cancer in the world that make from 3% of global neoplasms. Bladder cancer is prevalent in the developed countries. Cancer of the bladder is four times more common in men than women. External risk factors and internal triggers contribute to the development of bladder cancer. Thus, comprehensive analysis of these risk factors is a earnest to timely prevention of indicated oncologic pathology.
The objective: to do a current systematic review of epidemiology of bladder cancer and modern important risk factors, which appropriate to the given pathology.
Evidence acquisition. We carried out a systemic review of epidemiology of bladder cancer embracing PubMed and Embase including March 2023. All studies reporting gender, smoking, E-cigarette use, opium consumption, occupational carcinogene expose, dietary factors, race, gene-environment interaction, socioeconomic status. Microbiome factors, urolithiasis, benign prostate hyperplasiapelvic radiotherapy were excluded.
Evidence synthesis. A total of 516 papers, that studied epidemiology of bladder cancer, were involved. According to GLOBOCAN, there were 573 000 new bladder cancer cases and 213 000 deaths worldwide in 2020. Smoking and occupational exposures (aromatic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) are the most important risk factors. Moreover, the additional risk factors include some dietary agents, gene specificities, diesel exhaust emissions and etc.
Conclusions. Smoking tobacco and specific occupational exposures are the most important risk factors. Prevention strategies, including smoke cessation, responsible workplace safety, diet, schistosomias prevention are useful for reduction of the incidence BC. But high-quality studies are required to confirm initial results that will support timely prevention of BC.
Геополитические прогнозы на 2023-й и последующие годы
Authors: Гринин Леонид
Published: June 2024

The article examines possible geopolitical changes in the current 2023 and beyond, as well as directions for the transformation of the world order. Of course, all geopolitical forecasts are given mainly from the point of view of the results of Russia’s Special Military Operation in Ukraine (SMO). The article examines questions such as: Why could 2023 be a turning point? How useful is the conflict for the USA in the context of the upcoming presidential elections? How will the elections in different countries affect their political course? Will the Western alliance be stronger in 2023? How will the US–China relations develop? Are the greens/globalists against the war and what can they do? We also consider different scenarios for the course of war/peace/truce and possible political changes in some countries. But it is obvious that in 2023 the political aspects of life in many countries will be painted in Ukrainian tones, that is, they will be directly related to military operations and their results, on which the attitudes and position of different political forces, as well as their actions, will depend.
Зарождение возрожденческого движения в Корее в 1905–1910 гг.
Authors: Пак Александр
Published: June 2024

The Christian revival movement in Korea at the beginning of the 20th century is a prominent and important part of Korean religious history. Despite the fact that modern scholars’ interpretations of this complex religious and cultural event are far from unambiguous, they all agree on the importance of its cultural, historical and religious significance not only in the history of the Japanese colonial period, but also in the formation of new democratic values in modern South Korea. Beginning as a narrow sectarian movement of European missionaries, it strengthened its ideological and religious influence in Korea against the background of the most acute religious, cultural and social contradictions of the colonial period, playing an important role in the formation of the modern Korean Christian church.
Evaluation Of Patient’s Satisfaction Towards Pharmaceutical Services At Outpatient Installation In Putra Wasada Hospital Tulungagung
Authors: Restyana Anggi , Viky Yustriana  , Wika Admaja
Published: June 2024

Pharmaceutical service is a direct and responsible service to patients related to pharmaceutical preparations with the aim of improving the quality of life of patients. Patient satisfaction is the first indicator of a hospital's standards and is a measure of service quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of satisfaction based on 5 dimensions of pharmaceutical services in the Outpatient pharmacy installation of Putra Waspada Hospital Tulungagung using the ServQual method. This research was a descriptive research using random sampling design. This research was conducted prospectively with quantitative method using data collection method, namely the ServQual method and the Chi-square test method carried out using questionnaires. There were 225 of samples of patient respondents, to determine the characteristics of respondents and the influences between respondent characteristics and the level of patient satisfaction on 5 dimensions of pharmaceutical services at the Outpatient Pharmacy Installation of Putra Waspada Hospital Tulungagung using the Chi-square test. Based on the result of the percentage of the patient satisfaction level at the performance level stated that 56 respondents (56%) stated "very satisfied" with pharmaceutical services, while 41 respondents (41%) stated "satisfied", at the expectation level 55 respondents (55%) stated "very satisfied", 42 respondents (42%) stated "satisfied". Based on ServQual's analysis, patient satisfaction scores on 5 dimensions of pharmaceutical services have a "fair" interpretation with a satisfaction level of "satisfied" and have a high interpretation with a satisfaction level of "very satisfied". In outpatients with each dimension of 0.90 (reliability), 0.96 (responsiveness), 0.98 (asssurance), 0.92 (empathy), 0.93 (physical infrastructure).
The Importance of BPJS Management as a Means of Community Admisntation
Authors: Laili Wulandari  , Candra Jaya
Published: June 2024

Bpjs is a social institution formed for the welfare of the people in Indonesia. However, there are two existing BPJS, namely Bpjs in terms of employment and also Bpjs in terms of health. Indeed, it is given by the government for the welfare of the community but still the payment facility for payment is no later than 15 (fifteen) days since the documents from the claim received are complete. Programs carried out by the government to the community with the help of Bpjs must be with the flow and procedure of services, the correct population, as well as with the existing population census, for example, such as health Bpjs
Exclusive Breastfeeding Behavior and Clean Water Facilities with the Incidence of Diarrhea in Toddlers
Authors: Zulfiana Yesvi , Nurul Fatmawati  , Yopi Suryatim Pratiwi
Published: June 2024

Diarrhea is still the second cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five in Indonesia. Data from Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2013 showed that the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in Indonesia was 6.7%, a similar figure was also found in West Nusa Tenggara Province at 6.6%. Several factors are related to the incidence of diarrhea, namely exclusive breastfeeding and clean water facilities. This study aims to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and clean water facilities with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in Selagalas Village, the working area of the Cakranegara Community Health Center.
The research design was cross sectional on 104 toddlers conducted in 3 selected environments in Selagalas Village. Data was collected by structured interviews using questionnaires and observation sheets. Data were analyzed bivariately with Stata SE 12.1.
The results of this research were that 67 (64.42%) toddlers had experienced diarrhea. The variable related to the incidence of diarrhea is clean water facilities. There is no significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of diarrhea. The importance of providing good and adequate clean water facilities, especially for mothers in caring for children.
Review of Lab-Accelerated Aging Techniques of Asphalt Mixes
Authors: Hmoud Haydar Raheem , Salman Nabeel N. , Mansura Dmytro
Published: June 2024

Bitumen aging contributes to main pavement distress due to the changes in rheological, chemical, and physical characteristics of bitumen. Mainly, aging process can be divided into two categories, the first category namely short-term aging takes place during the heating up of bitumen and aggregate, mixing, transportation, laying down, and compaction. While the second category of aging takes place during the service life of pavement which is denoted as long-term aging. Consequently, researchers’ focus is to simulate bitumen aging in the lab by developing lab-accelerated methods to simulate the process of bitumen aging and studying the rate of change before and after aging. This article reviews these methods and compares the extent of the impact on lab-aged bitumen with old bitumen. The main outcome is, that the duration of exposure to high temperatures, which is the dominant method to accelerate aging process, resulted in inadequate changes in the structure of the bitumen molecule, hence, making it different from old bitumen. For that reason, using oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide showed more reliable results but requires more attention by researchers to achieve a standardized aging process of bitumen.
Impact of Date-Palm Fibers on Fine Soil’s Compaction and Strength Properties
Authors: Dawood Zina Mikhael , Alqaissi Zena Hadi
Published: June 2024

This paper investigates the influence of date-palm fibers on the compaction and strength properties of fine soil. The laboratory tests, including specific gravity, compaction tests, and unconfined compression strength tests, were conducted, integrating different proportions (ranging from 0 to 2%) of date-palm fibers into the soil mixture. The palm fibers were divided into two distinct lengths (30 mm and 60 mm) to be mixed with the soil. Nine samples were prepared with varying proportions of date-palm fibers for the experimental investigation, aiming to specifically examine the influences exerted by both palm-fiber length and palm-fiber content on the soil's compaction and strength characteristics when mixed with date-palm fibers. The compaction test results demonstrate a decrease in the dry unit weight and an increase in the optimum moisture content by approximately 10%. Additionally, the length of the date-palm fibers impacts the optimum moisture content and the maximum dry unit weight of the soil mixture. In contrast, the unconfined compressive stress increased by about 30% with higher date-palm fiber contents. This increase in unconfined compressive stress due to increased date-palm fiber content is a significant finding, indicating improved soil strength. This finding holds the enhancing construction performance, sustainability, and cost-efficiency. In conclusion, this soil-fiber mixture shows suitable hydraulic applications. The utilization of natural materials in civil engineering demands the exploration of available natural fibers.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL SUPPORT AND BREASTFEEDING SELF-EFFICACY IN PRIMIPAROUS PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Metin Reyhan , Aygör Hamide
Published: June 2024

Background/Purpose: Study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between social support and breastfeeding efficacy in primiparous pregnant women.
Methods: The study, which was carried out as a descriptive and relational screening, was completed with the participation of 350 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria. In the collection of the study data, a questionnaire form, Prenatal Breastfeeding Self Efficacy Scale, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were employed.
Results: In the present study, a positive relationship was determined between the pregnant women’s breastfeeding self-efficacy and perceived social support.
Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was concluded that as the social support provided to pregnant women in the prenatal period increased, their breastfeeding self efficacy also increased.
Effects of Pes Planus on Foot Pain, Low Back Pain and Balance in Young Adult Individuals
Authors: Barutcu Elif , Paksoy Beyza , Selçuk Medine , Karaca Osman , Yılmaz Kamil
Published: June 2024

Purpose : Pes planus is the reduction or complete loss of the medial longitudinal arch height of the foot. There are conflicting results in the literature explaining the relationship between pes planus and foot pain, low back pain, and balance in young adult individuals. This study aimed to determining the effects of pes planus on foot pain, low back pain and balance in young adult individuals.
Methods: A total of 59 participants were included in this cross-sectional study. Feiss line test, Foot Function Index (FFI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Stork Balance Test (SBT) were used to assess pes planus, foot pain, low back pain, and balance respectively.
Results: There was no significant difference between FFI, VAS (resting-activity), and left foot SBT values comparisons of individuals without pes planus and with pes planus (p>0.05), it was found that the right SBT results were significantly higher in without pes planus than in pes planus (p
Assessment of De Jure Judicial Independence of Constitutional Courts According to International Guidelines
Authors: Awawda Osayd
Published: June 2024

Judicial independence of constitutional courts is of paramount importance because it upholds the rule of law, protects individual rights, and maintains checks and balances in a democracy. Moreover, it ensures impartiality, prevents the abuse of power, and fosters public trust in the legal system. By interpreting and applying the law without external influence, an independent judiciary safeguards the principles of justice and democratic governance. This Article provides criteria for assessing de jure judicial independence of constitutional courts according to four renowned international documents that set normative standards for protecting judicial independence. These four documents are synthesises the literature about the definition of judicial independence, particularly in the context of constitutional courts, and analyses four international guidelines that set essential standards for protecting the independence of the judiciary. These four guidelines are: Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary by the UN,1 Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Independence of Judges and Lawyers,2 the Universal Charter of the Judges,3 and International Principles on the Independence and Accountability of Judges, Lawyers and Prosecutors.4 Using conceptual and doctrinal analysis, this Article identifies three key elements of de jure judicial independence: personal, institutional, and procedural. It also establishes practical criteria to evaluate whether the laws governing a specific constitutional court uphold or undermine its de jure judicial independence. Importantly, it is crucial to distinguish between de jure and de facto judicial independence because merely enacting constitutional provisions and laws to safeguard the judiciary does not automatically guarantee an independent judiciary in practice. The discussion of these principles highlights how personal, institutional, and procedural independence can be established and preserved within the courts. This Article concludes that the common purpose of these principles is to protect judges from unwarranted interference, especially from the executive branch. Among the various principles, the most crucial ones were found to be independent judicial appointment procedures and ensuring judges’ tenure is protected against retaliatory actions by the governing regime.
Objective-based integration of climate change into agro-sylvo-pastoral sector policies in Burkina Faso
Authors: Elisée YARO
Published: June 2024

For the main development sectors in Burkina Faso, a response to the intensification of climate change is a more efficient integration of these climate changes into sectoral development plans. In the context of Burkina Faso, the formulation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of such a response will require the development and transfer of new knowledge, solutions, innovations and specific integration schemes.Specifically, these specific integration schemes should identify and formulate an overall objective and specific objectives for climate change impacts mitigation and indicate efficient trajectories for their achievement, through sectoral development policies.In this article, the ClimResilience scientific framework is used to develop an innovative plan for the management of climate change adverse effects for the agro-sylvo-pastoral sector in Burkina Faso. This plan integrates new climate change direct and indirect impacts on the agro-sylvo-pastoral sector corpuses, new climate change impacts repercussions corpuses and the concepts of climate impacts classes and climate change impacts repercussions classes.The results of this article are new indications for building innovative approaches for integrating climate change into agro-sylvo-pastoral sector development policies. The concepts of climate change impact classes and climate change impact repercussions classes used could significantly improve climate risk integration responses.
Understanding Noradrenergic Alterations Associated with Early Life Stress
Authors: Sheppard Megan , Rasgado-Toledo Jalil , Duncan Niall W , Elliott Rebecca , Garza-Villarreal Eduardo A. , Muhlert Nils
Published: June 2024

Significant stress in childhood or adolescence is linked to both structural and functional changes in the brain in human and analogous animal models. In addition, neuromodulators, such as noradrenaline (NA), show life-long alterations in response to these early life stressors, which may impact upon the sensitivity and time course of key adrenergic activities, such as rapid autonomic stress responses (the ‘fight or flight response’). The locus-coeruleus noradrenergic (LC-NA) network, a key stress-responsive network in the brain, displays numerous changes in response to significant early life stress. Here, we review the relationship between NA and the neurobiological changes associated with early life stress and set out future lines of research that can illuminate how brain circuits and circulating neurotransmitters adapt in response to childhood stressors.
STUDI JENIS TUMBUHAN LIAR SEBAGAI SUMBER PANGAN MASYARAKAT DAYAK DI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Sinaga Markus
Published: June 2024

West Kalimantan's biological natural resources are plentiful and used by several ethnic groups, including the Dayak Seberuang population. Within Sintang Regency, the Dayak Seberuang, a sub-tribe of the Dayak Iban, have extensive expertise of using natural plants as food. Oral transmission of this information is essential for maintaining biodiversity and local food security. In West Kalimantan, the Dayak Seberuang group uses many wild plants as food sources. This study intends to identify and catalogue these species. In-depth interviews and field observations are part of the descriptive, qualitative research methodology that is being employed. Various varieties of wild plants were identified in the study, such as Etlingera coccinea (tepus), Bambusa spp. (buluh), and Stenochlaena palustris (pakuk miding).
Explorando as Técnicas de Harmonização Facial: Um Estudo Abrangente para a Prática Clínica Avançada
Authors: da Silva Breno Nery
Published: June 2024

A harmonização facial, um conceito integrativo na medicina estética contemporânea, representa uma abordagem holística para aprimorar a estética facial, considerando não apenas traços individuais, mas também a harmonia global e a proporção estética. Esta prática envolve uma variedade de procedimentos minimamente invasivos, como preenchimento com ácido hialurônico, toxina botulínica, bioestimuladores de colágeno e técnicas de revitalização cutânea. Com a crescente demanda por procedimentos estéticos não cirúrgicos, a harmonização facial ganhou destaque como uma alternativa viável para pacientes que buscam melhorar sua aparência de forma natural e sem os riscos associados à cirurgia. No entanto, apesar de sua popularidade, a harmonização facial exige uma compreensão profunda da anatomia facial, bem como habilidades técnicas refinadas para garantir resultados satisfatórios e seguros. Este estudo visa explorar os princípios fundamentais por trás da harmonização facial, destacando as técnicas mais recentes e os avanços na área, enquanto também examina os desafios clínicos e éticos associados ao seu uso. Além disso, busca-se fornecer insights sobre a personalização de tratamentos de harmonização facial, considerando as características faciais únicas de cada paciente e suas expectativas estéticas individuais.
Gamification to Strengthen Children’s Motivation to Learn English as a Foreign Language in the Community Development Centers
Authors: Burgos Axcel Ivan Luzardo , Alay Gustavo Alexander Moreira , Corrales Ulbio Gonzalo Farfán , Holguín Jhonny Saulo Villafuerte
Published: June 2024

Instructors require innovative teaching tools to engage and keep learners’ attention in every class. This study aims to compare the efficiency of gamification in environments of software and traditional indoor games for teaching vocabulary to students in Communities Development Centers. The research uses the interpretative paradigm and the mixed approach of educational research methodology. The participants are 14 children attending two different centers located in Manta-Ecuador during July-December 2023. The instruments used to collect information are contextual observation, interviews, and English language vocabulary pretest and posttest. The research team designed an educational intervention using software and traditional indoor games to increase participants' motivation for learning new vocabulary in the English language. The results show an increase in the number of new words learned in both groups. However, the results showed that students learn more new words when playing software games compared to when they use traditional indoor games in the same period. It concludes that software games can reach higher efficiency in the vocabulary acquisition process of children attending community centers.
Reanalysis of “A longitudinal study of meat reduction over time in the UK”
Authors: Winslow Jared , Mathur Maya B
Published: June 2024

Bryant et al.'s longitudinal study investigated causes of meat and animal product reduction. While their study design had important strengths, the analysis had significant problems that preclude interpreting the estimates as causal effects or even as meaningful associations. Our reanalysis of this study resolves the statistical issues by using standard causal inference methods for longitudinal studies. Our findings sometimes corroborated those of Bryant et al., but at other times diverged. In contrast to Bryant et al.'s findings, our analyses indicate that increased motivation to reduce meat consumption is associated with lower actual consumption of animal products. This result diverges from Bryant et al.'s surprising finding that motivation to decrease consumption was associated with \emph{increased} rather than decreased animal product consumption. Additionally, our results suggest that consuming plant-based alternatives and perhaps also handling raw meat were associated with changes in plant-based dietary behavior and ideation. Several other findings corroborated those in the original analysis. We commend Bryant et al.'s study design and appreciate their exceptional support for our performing this reanalysis.
Beyond the income-achievement gap: The role of individual, family, and environmental factors in cognitive resilience among low-income youth
Authors: Rakesh Divyangana , Sadikova Ekaterina , McLaughlin Katie A
Published: June 2024

Background: Low socioeconomic status is associated with lower cognitive performance and long-term disparities in achievement and success. However, not all children from low-income backgrounds exhibit lower cognitive performance. Characterizing the factors that promote such resilience in youth from low-income households is of crucial importance. Methods: We used baseline data from participants in the lowest tertile of income-to-needs in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and machine learning to identify the factors that predict fluid and crystallized cognitive resilience among youth from low-income backgrounds. Predictors included 164 variables across child characteristics, family and developmental history, and environment. Results: Our models were reliably able to predict resilience but were substantially more accurate for crystallized cognition (AUC=0.75) than for fluid cognition (AUC=0.67). Key predictors included developmental factors such as birthweight and duration of breastfeeding, neighborhood-level factors (e.g., living in concentrated privilege, enrollment in advanced placement courses), children’s own temperament and mental health, and other factors such as physical activity and involvement in extracurricular activities. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of a multifaceted approach to promoting cognitive resilience among children from low-income households in future intervention work.
Do Confusions between Experiences influence Retrospective Evaluation?
Authors: Kocsis Marton , Ecker Ullrich K. H. , Farrell Simon
Published: June 2024

While there is good evidence that memory retrieval plays a role in the retrospective evaluation of past experiences, this evidence tends to be based on idealised scenarios where a single, isolated experience is evaluated. In everyday life, experiences can occur interwoven with others, leading to the potential for confusions between events that may impact on memory-based retrospective evaluation. To examine whether confusions between sources influence retrospective evaluation, we presented participants with interleaved sequences of affective words where the overall valence of each sequence was either positive or negative, and post-cued evaluation of a single target sequence using the colour the sequence was presented in. While evaluation was consistent with the overall valence of the target sequence, no effect of the valence of the non-cued sequence(s) on evaluation was found, suggesting that source memory confusions do not influence retrospective evaluation. Under conditions of increased memory demands, people may rely on more coarse, global information associated with experiences rather than details of specific events that can be recalled during retrospective evaluation.
Causal Racism: An Explanatory Framework
Authors: Thomas Marcus Augustus
Published: June 2024

We present a conception of race as counterfactual property determined by phenotypic and cultural information and show that the sources of racial disparities are separable, identifiable, and measurable. Individual racism, as an important source of racial disparities, is understood here as the direct application of racial knowledge under the influence of certain cognitive states. This understanding of racism as a theoretically observable phenomenon allows for its operationalization in the language of bias and noise, statistical concepts which must be supplemented with an appropriate causal analysis. We present a formal model for the structure of racial disparities and use the model to analyze disparities and racism in two contexts: the application process for 8 specialized high schools in New York City (SHSAT), and records of traffic stops by police conditioned on driver race. At the conceptual level, our framework distinguishes the components of racial disparities generated contemporaneously by racism (and other sources) from those conveyed from the past. It follows that because the strategies best suited to the reduction of racism per se may sometimes be in conflict with the reduction in racial disparities generally, a deep understanding of the context dependent structure of disparities should be prioritized.
مؤشرات مقترحة لتقييم الاستدامة المالية للجامعات العراقية
Authors: Prof. Dr. Bushra Najim Abdullah Al-Mashhadan  , Lecturer Sanaa A. Yassin  , Lecturer Sahar Talal Ibrahim
Published: June 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى اقتراح مؤشرات لتقييم الاستدامة المالية للجامعات العراقية الحكومية وبما ينسجم مع النظام المحاسبي الحكومي المعمول به في تلك الجامعات ، حيث أن الأبعاد والمؤشرات التي تضمنتها الأدبيات السابقة لا تنسجم مع النظام المذكور بسبب اعتماد تلك المؤشرات على معلومات مالية مبنية على أساس الاستحقاق المحاسبي ومعايير المحاسبة الدولية للقطاع العام IPSASs . وقد توصل البحث إلى اقتراح مجموعة من الأبعاد تضمنت قدرة تلك الجامعات في الحصول على التمويل الكافي والمساهمة في تحقيق الإيرادات العامة ، وكذلك قدرتها على الاستثمار في مواردها وضمان استمراريتها ، فضلاً عن أداء النفقات ومتابعة حقوقها والتزاماتها تجاه الغير ، كما اقترح البحث مجموعة من المؤشرات لكل بعد من الأبعاد المذكورة ، وأوصى بتطبيق المؤشرات المقترحة والاستمرار في تطويرها مستقبلاً وتضمين مؤشرات أخرى تتفق مع أساس الاستحقاق وتوصيات معايير المحاسبة الدولية للقطاع العام IPSASs .
دور التدقيق الداخلي وفقا لمؤشرات معيار (403) الصحة والسلامة المهنية في تحقيق البعد الاجتماعي للتنمية المستدامة / دراسة تطبيقية
Authors: Hossam Jabbar Jassim  , Dr: Alaa shams Allah
Published: June 2024

يهدف البحث الى بيان دور التدقيق الداخلي وفقا لمؤشرات معيار (403) الصحة والسلامة المهنية في تحقيق البعد الاجتماعي للتنمية المستدامة ، وذلك بالتطبيق على عينة من الاقسام المتمثلة بقسم التدقيق وقسم الحسابات في دائرة صحة بغداد الرصافة ، و تم استخدام الاستبانة في البحث للتوصل الى النتائج التي يروم البحث التوصل اليها بتحقيق اهداف الوحدة الاقتصادية من خلال  أجابات الموظفين على أسئلة الاستبانة ، ومن أهم الاستنتاجات التي توصل اليها الباحث بيان مدى التزام الوحدات الاقتصادية بالقوانين والتعليمات والتشريعات ، ومن اهم التوصيات التي توصل اليها الباحث تكمن في التوصية بتوسيع نطاق البحث من خلال البحث عن مؤشرات جديدة للتدقيق الداخلي في ظل مؤشرات المعيار (403)  الصحة والسلامة المهنية  والبعد الاجتماعي للتنمية المستدامة .