bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS TO PREVENT EMOTIONAL BURNOUT OG SERVICEMEN IN CONDITOINS OF LONG-TERM ARMED CONFLICTS
Authors: Demydiuk Volodymyr M. , Pilat Maria S.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of emotional burnout of servicemen in the conditions of long – lasting armed conflict. When analyzing the problem of emotional burnout, we can identify a large number of studies of this problem and its causes in doctors and teachers. The phenomenon of emotional burnout of servicemen is also in the field of scientific interest, in particular of the State Border Guard Service (O. Khairulin), cadets of higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine (L. Pyankivska), and others. However, the problem of emotional burnout in servicemen as a result of protracted armed conflict is poorly understood. The activity of personnel in a combat situation forces servicemen to function at the limits of permissible loads. Excessive exhaustion leads to psychological trauma and emotional burnout of servicemen, which negatively affects their psychological stability and can lead to various negative emotional reactions. An empirical study found that the emotional burnout syndrome in servicemen is largely unformed, but is in the formation phase, which at any time can lead to the development of this factor on a permanent basis, which, in the future, will need to undergo psychocorrection.. The results obtained may also indicate the manifestation of certain signs of emotional secrecy, exclusion and indifference of servicemen. Further active formation of emotional burnout can cause servicemen to feel excessive fatigue, burnout of professional activities, the desire to spend as little time as possible on the tasks facing them, as well as the cessation of any communication, both between comrades and commanders. The application of statistical criteria allowed to single out the personal readiness for change as a factor in the prevention of emotional burnout. The inverse correlation between indicators of emotional burnout and innovative readiness is revealed, which allows to single out personal readiness for changes as a constructive factor of prevention of the studied phenomenon of emotional burnout. In addition, a correlation was found between the indicators of the component of personal readiness for change «Adaptability» and the length of stay in the ATO and OOS, the presence of relationships. The presence of ranks and years of service testify to the importance of taking into account these factors in the development of innovative readiness of servicemen, and hence in the development of a preventive program to prevent emotional burnout of servicemen. Confirms the importance of their consideration and the revealed correlation between the indicators of emotional burnout and these factors; between the indicators of the latter and the component of the viability of the servicemen of the «Control», the degree of satisfaction with daily activities, which are important in the prevention of the phenomenon under study.
HEALTH OUTCOME AND WELL-BEING IN INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Pastryk Tetyana V.
Published: March 2021

The article aims to examine health outcome and well-being in individuals with chronic gastrointestinal disorders during COVID-19 pandemic. The study applies Patient-Reported Health Outcome Measure-Core Thrive Items to assess health outcome and well-being in 18 patients with chronic gastrointestinal disorders at Volyn Regional Clinical Hospital (Lutsk, Ukraine). The measure assesses the overall health and impact of primary condition, core symptoms (pain, depressed mood, anxious mood, fatigue, stress), mobility (walk ability), sleep (fall and stay asleep), abilities (thinking, emotions, personal needs, responsibilities, social activity) and thriving (feeling good about yourself, meaning of life, connectedness, high life standards) during last month which coincides with adaptive quarantine restrictions in Ukraine. There was a significant negative correlation between period of disease, age of individuals and overall health, and positive correlation between age and period of disease. Negative correlation was also found between core symptoms and good sleep. In addition, there is a positive correlation between good sleep and abilities, particularly thinking, emotions, personal needs, responsibilities, and social activity. The difference in health outcome and well-being between the female and male groups was not significant. Findings of our study capture that the highest indices of poor health outcome and wellbeing are aligned with feelings of pain, bad sleep and chronic fatigue. It is somewhat surprising that no depressed mood and anxious state were noted in individuals with chronic gastrointestinal disorders during COVID-19 pandemic. The high indices of connectedness were found, which aligned with strong relations between individuals with chronic gastrointestinal disorders and their family members. Therefore, a further study could assess the long-term effects of Expressed Emotion and positive relationship between family members and these patients on health outcome and well-being during COVID-19 pandemic.
PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF PERFECTIONISM AS A STEP TO STUDENT PERFECTIONISM SCALE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Nikitchuk Ulyana I. , Polyukhovych Oleksandra F.
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of psycholinguistic analysis of perfectionism. A theoretical review of perfectionism structure and explication is proposed in the introductory part of the paper. The associative and connotative meaning of perfectionism are empirically investigated using free association experiment procedure. The data from two groups are compared: student sample (N = 23 in total, age range: 17-27 years) and non-student sample (N = 11, age range: 18-60 years). Findings. After the analysis of 176 associative responses and their frequencies the associative universals were discovered: ‘purity’, ‘result’, ‘order’, ‘letters’, ‘boring’, ‘ideal’, ‘puzzle’, ‘sample’, ‘responsibility’. The connotative meaning for each universal was defined using 7-grade scale and three parameters: (1) evaluation (positive-negative); (2) strength (strong – weak); (3) activeness (active-passive). It is concluded that the meaning of perfectionism for students is positive in general. Active and passive aspects of perfectionism and the criteria to distinguish between healthy and neurotic perfectionism are revealed. It is determined that students, unlike others, are focused on achieving ‘perfection’ and ‘purity’, which may indicate a healthy perfectionism. In contrast, the respondents in non-student sample primarily pay attention to the ‘requirements’ and ‘standards’, which is recognized as a feature of neurotic perfectionism. It is revealed that students more than other participants agree with relevance of notions ‘excellence’ and ‘facility’ in connection with stimulus ‘perfectionism’ while other respondents support association ‘boring’ much more. For non-student sample some features related to perfectionism can be stated: disturbance with inflated requirements and expectations, with difficulties of compliance to high demands; an avoiding fails mindset. The hypothesis for future studies is set on this basis that, maybe, the role of socially prescribed perfectionism is not that significant when it comes to students’ striving for excellence. The universals ‘ideal’ and ‘responsibility’ are common to both groups of participants, so this quality is assumed to be closely related to perfectionism, although it manifests itself differently depending on the type of perfectionism: from excessive responsibility for own actions in self-oriented perfectionism to inclination of avoidance in socially prescribed perfectionism. The limitations of the study are discussed. The results are going to be implemented for further development of the student perfectionism scale.
VALIDITY OF THE PROGRAM OF FORMING THE PROFESSIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF FUTURE PHILOLOGISTS
Authors: Pustovyi Serhiy A.
Published: March 2021

Determining the psychological conditions that influence the content of professional consciousness of students is important for understanding the overall effectiveness of future specialists in carrying out their relevant professional activities. One such condition was the Integrative Program of Psychosemantic Content-forming of the Professional Consciousness of Future Philologists, developed and tested by us. The goal of the study is to experimentally test the effectiveness of the Integrative Program of Psychosemantic Content-forming of the Professional Consciousness of Future Philologists within the conditions of a formative experiment. The program was tested on a sample of students (experimental group – 36 people, control group – 30 people aged 17-19, all first-year students of philological specialties aged 17-19). Considering the number of male and female students within the group, gender criteria were not used as a basis for sampling. Methods. The methods of semantic differential (SD) and “Diagnosis of the Reflexivity Level” (by A.V. Karpov) were used to determine the level of dynamics in the content of professional consciousness before and after the formative influence. Results. Initially, the dynamics of the level of reflexivity in future philologists were revealed in the control and experimental groups, before and after the formative experiment. Following the participation in the Program, a number of positive qualitative changes were detected in two-thirds of the students of the experimental group. Comparison of the data gathered during the initial and repeated measurements according to the Mann–Whitney U-test revealed a statistically significant difference (ρ <0.01), which favors the tested Program. Additionally, the semantics of fulfilling of the factors the “world of philology” concept were evaluated using the method of semantic differential. The world of philology had becоme “bigger”, more “active”, “joyful”, “relaxed”, “safe”, “difficult” and “masculine”, while being less “fast”, “new”, “deceptive”, “chaotic” and “restrained” after the formative influence. Comparisons before and after the formative influence revealed significant shifts in the semantics of factors which reflect the tendency to move away from anxiously indeterminate characteristics – towards the characteristics that indicate greater simplicity, certainty, clarity and positive emotionality of the world of philology. Conclusions. Statistical comparison of the experimental group indicators before and after the formative influence suggests that the application of the Program is effective for the formation of professional consciousness of future philologists.
Kinetic Study of Congo-Red Photo-Catalytic Degradation in Aqueous Media Using Zinc Oxide as Photo Catalyst Under Led Light
Authors: Idrees Shinwar A. , Salih Raad N. , Bashir Khalat , Hamasaeed Aram A.
Published: March 2021

The kinetic of photo catalytic degradation of Congo red dye using semiconductor in aqueous solution of ZnO has been studied. All photochemical experiments have been carried out in quartz photo cell 25ml capacity and the solvent used for all experiment was distilled water (D. W). The influence of temperature has been investigated as well. Spectrophotometric method was utilized for this work. Degradation kinetic has been done for absorption peak of Congo red at 497 nm and 344 nm. Different method was applied for this purpose, and the results show that the degradation of Congo red was first order at 497nm and zero order at 344 nm. The degradation of CR dye were increased by increasing temperature from 20 oC to 40 oC and then degreased at 50 oC and this is due to desorption that occur at the semiconductor surface while; in case of 10 oC the rate constant was higher than 20 oC. However, when changing the concentration the rate constant dose not changed regularly, this perhaps due to the fact that it does not follow the same order throughout the degradation process, and it does not obey Arrhenius law of activation energy.
Solving Time-Fractional Diffusion Equation: A Finite-Element Approach
Authors: Zekri Hussein J.
Published: March 2021

The numerical solution for a time-fractional diffusion equation supplemented with initial and boundary conditions is considered. The scheme is based on the Galerkin finite element method. The uniform space discretization is applied to study the stability of the solution of the problem within our approach. An analytically solvable example is presented to make a comparison between the exact solution and our numerical solution. By presenting the absolute error with different step-sizes and different values for time-fractional derivative, reliability and efficiency of our proposed numerical method is manifested.
İkili dış ticaret dengesi ve reel döviz kuru ilişkisi: Türkiye-Rusya örneği
Authors: ERGİN ÜNAL Ayşe
Published: March 2021

Çalışmada Türkiye’nin Rusya ile ikili ticaretinde reel döviz kuru ve gelir değişimlerinin etkisi kısa ve uzun dönem kapsamında araştırılmıştır. Türkiye’nin en fazla ticaret yaptığı ülkelerden biri olan Rusya, özellikle ara malı ve enerji ithalatında Türkiye’nin en önemli partnerlerinden biridir. Her ne kadar Almanya belli bir döneme kadar en güçlü ticari partnerlerden biri olsa da 2019 yılı itibariyle en çok ithalat yapılan ülke Rusya olmuştur. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın konusu Türkiye ve Rusya arasındaki ikili dış ticaret ilişkisini incelemek olup Marshall-Lerner Koşulu, J eğrisi ve S eğrisinin geçerliliğinin sınanmasıdır. Bu doğrultuda analiz, söz konusu iki ülkeye ait 2000:01–2019:08 dönemi aylık verileri ve Gecikmesi Dağıtılmış Otoregresif (ARDL) modele dayanan sınır testi yaklaşımı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, ikili ticaret dengesi reel kur esnekliğinin hem uzun hem de kısa dönemde pozitif olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu durum Marshall-Lerner koşulunun sağlandığını, J eğrisinin ise sadece uzun dönemde geçerli olduğunu ifade etmektedir. Ülke gelirlerini temsilen kullanılan sanayi üretim endeksleri ise hem kısa hem uzun dönemde istatistiki olarak anlamlı olup Türkiye için ikili ticaret dengesini sağlamada negatif etkiye sahip iken Rusya için pozitif etkiyi işaret etmektedir.
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN COVID-19 PATIENTS. PART 2.
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Holyshko V. S. , Snezhitskiy V. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Matsiyeuskaya N. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is the greatest medical problem of our time. The presence of concomitant cardiovascular pathology (CVD) in a patient predisposes to a severe course and the formation of adverse outcomes of COVID-19. It is currently known that SARS-CoV-2 infection leads, on the one hand, to exacerbation and decompensation of the patient's CVD, and, on the other hand, it is the origin of acute CVD. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system is essential to provide comprehensive care for critically ill patients. In this review, we summarize the rapidly changing data on cardiovascular damage associated with COVID-19.
COMPARISON OF 3-WEEK CALCANEAL TENDON REGENERATES AFTER TENOTOMY AND SUTURING IN EXPERIMENT IN VIVO
Authors:   Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus, Zenchenko A. V. , Cherniakova Yu. M. ,   Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus
Published: March 2021

Background. Modern knowledge about tendon healing as well as possibilities of hand surgery does not solve the problem of tenogenic contractures. For the prevention of cicatricial process, the separation of the sliding surfaces of the tendon and its sheath with polymeric materials is used. However, regeneration of tendons in condition of isolation has not been proven. Aim of the research. In a laboratory animal model to perform a tenotomy and a calcaneal tendon suture, study 3-week regenerates formed in the mobilization regime and evaluate the regenerative capacity of the tendon isolated with a dissected polymer tube. Material and methods. On both paws of laboratory rats tenotomy and suturing of the calcaneal tendons were performed. The tendons on the right paws were isolated with dissected polymeric tubes. The appearance and the histological structure of the suture site were assessed after 3 weeks. Results. Tendon regenerates were distinguished by their maturity and tissue organization. Tendons without isolation healed faster, but lost their sliding surface. As a result of isolation, a sliding surface of the tendon and its sheath was formed, but the formation of the regenerate slowed down. Conclusions. Tendon healing in dissected tube is possible and occurs due to intrinsic repair. The fusion of the tendon demonstrates a well-vascularized regenerate in the suture site.
PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY OF EXPERIMENTAL CHOLANGITIS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Shyla R. S. , Mahiliavets E. М. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Belyuk K. S. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Procopchik N. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Vashchanka V. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: March 2021

Background. Photodynamic therapy of acute cholangitis involves the introduction of a photosensitizer into the common bile duct and subsequent laser irradiation of the liver. The study of combined laser action on the liver is promising. Purpose of the study. To evaluate in an experiment the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy of acute cholangitis with the introduction of a photosensitizer into the common bile duct and combined laser irradiation of the liver. Material and methods. Acute cholangitis was modeled in rabbits. In the first group, a saline solution was introduced into the common bile duct, in the second and third – "Photolon". Then, in the second group, photodynamic therapy with endocholedocheal laser irradiation of the liver was performed, in the third group – with combined irradiation. The general condition of the animals, their laboratory, microscopic and microbiological parameters were evaluated. After the autopsy, a histological examination of the liver and common bile duct was performed. Results. On the 2nd day of the experiment, all rabbits developed acute cholangitis. After treatment in the group "Experience 3", in comparison with other groups, there was a greater decrease in the indicators of inflammation and cholestasis in the blood, the number of microorganisms and white blood cells in the bile. In the first group, the formation of liver abscesses was histologically noted. Pathological changes in the wall of the common bile duct and liver in the third group were less pronounced than in the second. Conclusions. 1. The experimental model allows on the second day to reproduce acute cholangitis in rabbits. 2. Photodynamic therapy with Photolon photosensitizer with combined (endocholedocheal and surface) laser irradiation of the liver has a more pronounced bactericidal effect compared to endocholedocheal irradiation.
Elucidating Pt-Based Nanocomposite Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Rotating Disk Electrode and Gas Diffusion Electrode Measurements
Authors: Du Jia , Quinson Jonathan , Zana Alessandro , Arenz Matthias
Published: March 2021

In the present study we compare different nanoparticle (NP) composites (nanocomposites) as potential electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The nanocomposites consist of a mixture of Pt and Ir NPs and Pt and Au NPs, respectively, that are immobilized onto a high surface area carbon support. Pt NPs supported on the same carbon support serve as benchmark. The performance testing was performed in a conventional rotating disk electrode (RDE) setup as well as in a recently introduced gas diffusion electrode (GDE) setup providing high mass transport conditions. The ORR activity is determined, and the degradation tested using accelerated degradation tests (ADTs). It is shown that with respect to the benchmark, the Pt – Au nanocomposite concept exhibits improved ORR activity as well as improved stability both in the RDE and the GDE measurements. By comparison, the Pt – Ir nanocomposite exhibits improved stability but lower ORR activity. Combining the GDE approach with small angle X-ray scattering, it is shown that the improved stability of the Pt – Au nanocomposite can be assigned to a reduced Pt particle growth due to the adjacent Au NPs. The results demonstrate that nanocomposites could be an alternative catalyst design strategy complementing the state-of-the-art alloying concepts.
Formulation Development and evaluation of mucoadhesive tablets for vaginal delivery of metronidazole
Authors: Sanjeevani Deshkar  , Harshad Kapare  , Shramika Chore  , Anjali Thakre  , Jayashri Mahore
Published: March 2021

Vaginitis is a very common gynecological problem in women of all age groups. Metronidazole is a synthetic antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent of the nitroimidazole class and used against protozoa such as Trichomonas vaginalis, amebiasis, and giardiasis. The present study was aimed with the application of chitosan in combination with anionic polymers for the design and development of mucoadhesive tablets for vaginal delivery of Metronidazole. Matrix tablets of metronidazole were prepared in combination with polyelectrolyte complex by wet granulation method and further characterized for various formulation parameters, in-vitro muco adhesion and antimicrobial activity. The developed formulation showed significant mucoadhesion due to presence of chitosan or carrageenan and ionisation of amino groups of chitosan at pH 5.2. The developed formulation showed desirable characteristics in terms of FTIR, DSC, SEM, in vitro drug release, swelling behaviour as well for mucoadhesion and antimicrobial potential compared with the marketed formulation. In overall developed dosage form imparts desirable characteristics in formulation for vaginal delivery of metronidazole with enhanced therapeutic effects. Thus, this dosage form can be further investigated for therapeutic applications of metronidazole in vaginal drug delivery.
Modulation and Validation of YashtimadhuKalpa (formulated from Glycyrrhiza glabra) as MedhyaRasayana: A Neuro-nutrient
Authors: Mrudul Y Chitrakar  , Subhash S Kudale  , Manish P Deshmukh  , Ashish B Budhrani
Published: March 2021

The present study was aimed to develop an adapted formulation of the MedhyaRasayan, i.e. YashtimadhuKalpa to make Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra) more palatable and well-preserved. The classical reference from CharakSamhita (ChikitsaSthana 1-3/30) elaborates the use of YashtimadhuChurna (coarse powder) along with milk as a MedhyaRasayana. The novel modified version, i.e. YashtimadhuKalpa (formulation), was prepared from YashtimadhuChurna. In HPTLC finger printing clear evident bands with medium intensity were observed at Rf values 0.19 (pink), 0.24 (light brown), and 0.49 (yellow) in YashtimadhuKalpa as well as YashtimadhuChurna. The content of glycyrrhizin was quantified from YashtimadhuChurna and YashtimadhuKalpa by HPLC and HPTLC by comparing the peak area of the standard. It was confirmed that the same active component was present in the YashtimadhuKalpa and YashtimadhuChurna. The content of glycyrrhizin was identified and quantified and showed the same comparable amounts in YashtimadhuKalpa and YashtimadhuChurna. In this study, we presented the classic Ayurvedic Medhya Rasayan in a novel formulation -YashtimadhuKalpa- in a simplified manner. The authenticity of the formulation was corroborated by HPTLC and HPLC. This study enforces the fact that the modification of classic Ayurvedic formulations is possible such that simplified and adapted formulations can be generated.
Aplikasi Text Mining untuk Klasterisasi Aduan Masyarakat Kota Semarang Menggunakan Algoritma K-means
Authors: Afida Dita , Udayanti Erika Devi , Kartikadarma Etika
Published: March 2021

Social media is a service that is very supportive for government activities, especially in providing openness and community-based government. One form of its implementation is the Semarang City government through the Center for Community Complaints Management (P3M), whose task is to manage community complaints that enter one of the communication channels namely social media twitter. The number of public complaints that enter every day is very varied. This is certainly quite difficult for managers in categorizing complaints reports according to the relevant Local Government Organizations (OPD). This paper focuses on the problem of how to conduct clustering of community complaints. The data source comes from Twitter using the keyword "Laporhendi". Text document data from community complaint tweets was analyzed by text mining methods. A number of pre-processing of text data processing begins with the process of case folding, tokenizing, stemming, stopword removal and word robbering with tf-idf. In conducting cluster mapping, clustering algorithm will be used in dividing the complaint cluster, namely the k-means algorithm. Evaluation of cluster results is done by using purity to determine the accuracy of the results of grouping or clustering.
Host Community Perceptions Of Freedom Camping Impacts: A Social Exchange Theory Perspective
Authors: Lonergan Adele
Published: March 2021

Residents’ perceptions of tourism impacts in a destination have been widely examined throughout tourism literature. These studies, often underpinned by social exchange theory, show that residents who are dependent on the tourism industry, or perceive a greater level of economic gain from it, tend to have more positive perceptions of the impacts than others (Andereck et al., 2005; Ap, 1992; Tosun, 2002). According to Tosun (2002, p.233), ‘residents benefiting from tourism have a higher level of support for it and thus report more positive impacts’. It is suggested that destinations need to understand what the impacts of tourism are to manage them effectively (Haywood, 1988). Whilst much research has been done on tourism impacts, little work has focused on the activity of freedom camping and how it can impact a destination. Freedom camping is when an individual camps on public land that is not a recognised camping ground or holiday park. This exploratory study uses the research location of the Taupō District, New Zealand, to examine the impacts of freedom camping on the host community of the destination. The aim of this research is to understand what the host community’s perceived impacts of freedom camping are and how these perceptions may vary based on a host community member’s employment relationship with tourism. Additionally, it aims to examine the host community’s overall support of freedom camping. A sample of 182 Taupō District residents were surveyed using researcher administered self-complete questionnaires. Validated tourism impact items were adopted and combined with freedom camping impacts to measure the host community’s perceptions of freedom camping’s impact in the district. Residents were self-appointed into one of four employment groups; those directly employed in tourism, those indirectly employed in tourism, those whose employment has no relation to tourism, and those not in employment. Findings of this study show the differing perceptions within the host community towards freedom camping impacts, with the most negatively perceived impacts pertaining to the effects on the natural environment and public spaces. It was also found that there were no statistically significant differences in the perceptions between the employment groups evaluated in the study. Overall, there are varying levels of support for freedom camping in the Taupō District, with respondents highlighting the need for more facilities and regulations to manage the activity. This research produces important implications for academia by contributing to the knowledge base on freedom camping and recommending avenues of future research. Furthermore, this research has implications for the Taupō District Council and Government by identifying the key areas of concern of the host community about freedom camping, which need to be addressed and managed to reduce the negative impacts and ensure the activity’s success.

Key words: Freedom Camping, Tourism Impacts, Host Community, Social Exchange Theory, Taupō District
An Analysis of the Inertia Weight Parameter for Binary Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Liu Jianhua , Mei Yi , Li Xiaodong
Published: March 2021

In particle swarm optimization (PSO), the inertia weight is an important parameter for controlling its search capability. There have been intensive studies of the inertia weight in continuous optimization, but little attention has been paid to the binary case. This paper comprehensively investigates the effect of the inertia weight on the performance of binary PSO (BPSO), from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. A mathematical model is proposed to analyze the behavior of BPSO, based on which several lemmas and theorems on the effect of the inertia weight are derived. Our research findings suggest that in the binary case, a smaller inertia weight enhances the exploration capability while a larger inertia weight encourages exploitation. Consequently, this paper proposes a new adaptive inertia weight scheme for BPSO. This scheme allows the search process to start first with exploration and gradually move toward exploitation by linearly increasing the inertia weight. The experimental results on 0/1 knapsack problems show that the BPSO with the new increasing inertia weight scheme performs significantly better than that with the conventional decreasing and constant inertia weight schemes. This paper verifies the efficacy of increasing inertia weight in BPSO.

© 2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
A simple model of speech communication and its application to intelligibility enhancement
Authors: Kleijn Willem , Hendriks RC
Published: March 2021

We introduce a model of communication that includes noise inherent in the message production process as well as noise inherent in the message interpretation process. The production and interpretation noise processes have a fixed signal-to-noise ratio. The resulting system is a simple but effective model of human communication. The model naturally leads to a method to enhance the intelligibility of speech rendered in a noisy environment. State-of-the-art experimental results confirm the practical value of the model.

© 2015 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
Optimizing speech intelligibility in a noisy environment: A unified view
Authors: Kleijn Willem , Crespo JB , Hendriks RC , Petkov P , Sauert B , Vary P
Published: March 2021

Modern communication technology facilitates communication from anywhere to anywhere. As a result, low speech intelligibility has become a common problem, which is exacerbated by the lack of feedback to the talker about the rendering environment. In recent years, a range of algorithms has been developed to enhance the intelligibility of speech rendered in a noisy environment. We describe methods for intelligibility enhancement from a unified vantage point. Before one defines a measure of intelligibility, the level of abstraction of the representation must be selected. For example, intelligibility can be measured on the message, the sequence of words spoken, the sequence of sounds, or a sequence of states of the auditory system. Natural measures of intelligibility defined at the message level are mutual information and the hit-or-miss criterion. The direct evaluation of high-level measures requires quantitative knowledge of human cognitive processing. Lower-level measures can be derived from higher-level measures by making restrictive assumptions. We discuss the implementation and performance of some specific enhancement systems in detail, including speech intelligibility index (SII)-based systems and systems aimed at enhancing the sound-field where it is perceived by the listener. We conclude with a discussion of the current state of the field and open problems.

© 2015 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
Dynamic Resistance Measurement of a Four-Tape YBCO Stack in a Perpendicular Magnetic Field
Authors: Jiang Zhenan , Zhou W , Bumby Christopher , Staines M , Li Q , Badcock Rodney , Long Nicholas , Fang J
Published: March 2021

Dynamic resistance occurs when HTS (high-temperature superconductor) coated conductors carry dc current under ac magnetic field. This dissipative effect can play a critical role in many HTS applications. Here, we report on dynamic resistance measurements of a four-tape YBCO stack comprising 4-mm-wide coated conductors, which experience an applied ac perpendicular magnetic field with an amplitude of up to 100 mT. Each tape within the stack carries the same dc current. The magnetic field amplitude, the frequency of the magnetic field, and the dc current magnitude are varied to investigate the influence of these parameters on the dynamic resistance. We find that the threshold field of the stack is significantly larger than that of a single tape when dc current is small, which we attribute to coherent shielding effects from circulating currents present in each wire in the stack.

© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
Impact of flux gap upon dynamic resistance of a rotating HTS flux pump
Authors: Jiang Zhenan , Bumby Christopher , Badcock Rodney , Sung HJ , Long Nicholas , Amemiya N
Published: March 2021

HTS flux pumps enable superconducting currents to be directly injected into a magnet coil without the requirement for thermally inefficient current leads. Here, we present results from an experimental mechanically rotating HTS flux pump employing a coated-conductor stator and operated at 77 K. We show the effect of varying the size of the flux gap between the rotor magnets and coated conductor stator from 1 to 7.5 mm. This leads to a corresponding change in the peak applied perpendicular magnetic field at the stator from approximately 350 to 50 mT. We observe that our experimental device ceases to maintain a measurable output at flux gaps above 7.5 mm, which we attribute to the presence of screening currents in the stator wire. We show that our mechanically rotating flux pump is well described by a simple circuit model which enables the output performance to be described using two simple parameters, the open-circuit voltage Voc and the internal resistance, Rd. Both of these parameters are found to be directly proportional to magnet-crossing frequency and decrease with increasing flux gap. We show that the trend in Rd can be understood by considering the dynamic resistance experienced at the stator due to the oscillating amplitude of the applied rotor field. We adopt a literature model for the dynamic resistance within our coated-conductor stator and show that this gives good agreement with the experimentally measured internal resistance of our flux pump.

This is the Accepted Manuscript version of an article accepted for publication in 'Superconductor Science and Technology". IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/28/11/115008.
Upaya Penderita Hipertensi untuk Mempertahankan Pola Hidup Sehat
Authors: Sunarti Sunarti , Sunarno Imam , Alvino Alvino
Published: March 2021

Healthy lifestyle is a lifestyle with attention to factors - certain factors that affect health, such as diet and exercise. The purpose of this research is to identify how the efforts of patients hypertension to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Methods this research uses descriptive design. The population in this research were all patients with hypertension in Poly UPTD Kesehatan Kecamatan Sukorejo Blitar total of 220 people, the number of samples in this study were 33 respondents and using purposive sampling technique. Data collection is done by giving questionnaires. Time of data collection was conducted on 20 June 2013 to 02 July 2013. The results showed that for 57.6% (19 respondents) had a good effort, 39.4% (13 respondents) had enough attempts, and 3% (1 respondent) had less effort. Recommendations from this study are expected to continue to provide health services well and provide health education to the public about healthy lifestyle that should be done for patients with hypertension
Eksplorasi Penelaran Spasial pada Konstruk Rotasi Mental dengan Media Google SketchUp
Authors: Akbar Khairul
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan cara berpikir spasial siswa pada konstruk rotasi mental sebelum dan sesudah mengeksplorasi media Google SketchUp. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Subjek penelitian dipilih masing-masing dua orang siswa dengan kemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Instrumen penelitian adalah tes tertulis penalaran spasial konstruk rotasi mental dan pedoman wawancara. Prosedur penelitian adalah (1) siswa mengerjakan soal pre-test ; (2) wawancara awal; (3) siswa melakukan eksplorasi rotasi dengan media Google SketchUp; (4) siswa mengerjakan soal post-test; (5) wawancara akhir. Hasil pre-test t dan wawancara awal menunjukkan siswa kesulitan melakukan penalaran spasial pada konstruk rotasi mental pada indikator rotasi segala arah dengan objek kubus. Hasil posttest dan wawancara akhir menunjukkan keenam siswa mampu melakukan penalaran spasial konstruk rotasi mental untuk semua indikator. Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media Google SketchUp dapat merubah cara berpikir spasial konstruk rotasi mental.
Y155H amino acid substitution in influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses does not confer a phenotype of reduced susceptibility to neuraminidase inhibitors
Authors: Perez-Sautu U , Pozo F , Cuesta I , Monzon S , Calderon A , Gonzalez M , Molinero M , Lopez-Miragaya I , Rey S , Cañizares A , Rodriguez G , Gonzalez-Velasco C , Lackenby A , Casas I
Published: March 2021

The Y155H amino acid substitution in the neuraminidase gene (NA) has previously been associated with highly reduced inhibition by neuraminidase inhibitors in the seasonal H1N1 influenza A virus which circulated in humans before the 2009 pandemic. During the 2012/13 epidemic season in Spain, two A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses bearing the specific Y155H substitution in the NA were detected and isolated from two patients diagnosed with severe respiratory syndrome and pneumonia requiring admission to the intensive care unit. Contrary to what was observed in the seasonal A(H1N1) viruses, neither of the Y155H A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses described here showed a phenotype of reduced inhibition by NAIs as determined by the neuraminidase enzyme inhibition assay (MUNANA). High-throughput sequencing of the NA of both Y155H viruses showed that they were composed to >99% of H155 variants. We believe that this report can contribute to a better understanding of the biological significance of amino acid substitutions in the neuraminidase protein with regard to susceptibility of influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors. This is of critical importance for optimal management of influenza disease patients.
Measles in south-west Germany imported from Switzerland - a preliminary outbreak description
Authors: Pfaff G , Mezger B , Santibanez S , Hoffmann U , Maassen S , Wagner U , Siedler A
Published: March 2021

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A cluster of measles cases in Denmark following importation, January and February 2008
Authors: Muscat M , Christiansen A H , Böttiger B  E , Plesner A , Glismann S
Published: March 2021

Five cases of measles were reported to the Department of Epidemiology in Denmark between mid-January and early February, 2008. The cluster involved four adults aged between 23 and 39 years and an infant. All cases resided in the greater Copenhagen area. Three cases were unvaccinated, one was vaccinated with two doses, and in one case the vaccination status is not yet known.
Evaluation prompting transition from enhanced to routine surveillance of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) in the Netherlands
Authors: Kivi M , Koedijk F. D.H. , van der Sande M , van de Laar M  J W
Published: March 2021

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A cluster of rubella in Malta, December 2007 - January 2008
Authors: Spiteri G , Fenech Magrin A-M , Muscat M
Published: March 2021

A cluster of rubella has been identified by the Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit (IDCU) of Malta in the beginning of January 2008. Two men and a woman aged between 23 and 28 years were affected. The index case had onset of illness on 23 December 2007. The second case had onset of rash on 3 January and the third case displayed symptoms on 6 January 2008. Two of the three cases were laboratory-confirmed (IgM positive), the third displayed typical symptoms and was a close contact of a laboratory-confirmed case but was IgM and IgG negative. None of the affected patients had received vaccination against rubella and there was no history of recent travel abroad. All three cases were linked through a work place. Blood samples were submitted to the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Reference Laboratory for Measles and Rubella, Luxembourg, for further investigations. None of the cases had any complications. To date no further cases have been identified.
Tick-borne encephalitis: rounding out the picture
Authors: Heinz FX
Published: March 2021

What is now known as tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) was first recognised as a distinct disease entity in 1931 in Europe by H. Schneider and described as 'meningitis serosa epidemica' of unknown etiology. A disease with similar clinical symptoms was reported in the Far East in 1934 and briefly thereafter - in 1937 - the etiologic agent was isolated in Russia and its transmission by ticks could also be demonstrated.
Molecular typing for public health purposes
Authors: Ammon A
Published: March 2021

By providing appropriate discriminatory analyses, molecular typing can foster rapid and – depending on the method – even real-time early detection of dispersed international clusters/outbreaks, the detection and investigation of transmission chains, the relatedness of strains, and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance and new evolving pathogenic strains.
An outbreak of measles in Algeciras, Spain, 2008 – a preliminary report
Authors: Nieto-Vera J , Masa-Calles J , Dávila J , Molina-Font J , Jiménez M , Gallardo-García V , Mayoral-Cortés J M
Published: March 2021

On 4 February 2008, the Andalusian Epidemiological Surveillance Network (SVEA) was notified of two epidemiologically linked cases of measles. By 18 April 2008, a total of 142 suspected cases of measles had been reported from Algeciras, a town in the south of Spain, with a population of approximately 110 000 inhabitants. Of the 142 reports, 57 cases were confirmed, 61 are still under investigation, and in 24 cases measles was ruled out by laboratory investigation.
A food-borne outbreak of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in a secondary school in Upper Normandy, France, in November 2006
Authors: Schwarz N G , Revillion M , Roque-Afonso A M , Dussaix E , Giraud M , Liberpre C , Couturier E , Delarocque Astagneau E
Published: March 2021

In November 2006, six symptomatic cases of hepatitis A in pupils of a secondary school in Upper Normandy, France, were reported to the district health service. This paper describes the outbreak investigation undertaken with the aim to identify the vehicle and source of infection, implement control measures and estimate the size of the outbreak. A primary case at the secondary school was defined as a pupil or a member of the staff with IgM anti-HAV detected in the serum and with onset of symptoms between 12 and 21 November 2006; a secondary case was defined as a contact to a primary case and who developed symptoms and had IgM anti-HAV two to seven weeks later. We performed a case control study of primary cases, controls being pupils visiting the same school (cases/controls 1:4) and inspected the canteen facilities. All 13 canteen employees were examined for anti-HAV IgM antibodies. A phylogenetic analysis of HAV of cases was performed. We identified 10 primary and 5 secondary cases. Among primary cases 90% reported eating liver pate at the canteen compared to 62% among controls (OR 5.5, 95% CI 0.62-256.9).One liver pate sample contained markers of faecal contamination. HAV genotypes were of one identical type. All 13 canteen employees were negative for IgM anti-HAV while four had anti-HAV total antibodies. We found deficiencies regarding food preparing procedures and insufficient hand washing facilities. The vehicle of the outbreak was believed to be the liver pate but the source of HAV could not be identified. Insufficient facilities in the canteen hindered staff from maintaining a high hygiene standard and were subsequently improved.
Outbreak of imported trichinellosis in Verona, Italy, January 2008
Authors: Angheben A , Mascarello M , Zavarise G , Gobbi F , Monteiro G , Marocco S , Anselmi M , Azzini A , Concia E , Rossanese A , Bisoffi Z
Published: March 2021

We describe an outbreak of trichinellosis in Verona, Italy, in early 2008 that was imported from Romania.
Local brucellosis outbreak on Thassos, Greece: a preliminary report
Authors: Vorou R , Gkolfinopoulou K , Dougas G , Mellou K , Pierroutsakos IN , Papadimitriou T
Published: March 2021

Brucellosis is a zoonosis resulting in reproductive failure in wild and domestic animals and febrile disease and occasionally severe infections of the central nervous system and endocarditis in humans. In animals and humans alike, it is found worldwide, including southeastern Europe, the Mediterranean basin (Portugal, Spain, southern France, Italy, Greece, Turkey, northern Africa), parts of Mexico, Central and Latin America, Asia, and Africa [1]. Human brucellosis represents a professional hazard, being acquired via ingestion, inhalation in laboratories or abattoirs, conjunctiva and skin trauma contamination with infected animal tissues and products [1,2]. Symptoms can appear as acute or insidious onset, after five to 60 days and last for days, months and occasionally as long as a year. Relapses can also occur. Treatment is effective with antibiotics. Untreated brucellosis can lead to death (case-fatality ratio around 2%), usually by heart complications.