bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF STATE SUPPORT FOR SMES IN CHINA
Authors:   Financial University, Moscow, Russia, Nefedov Denis A.
Published: June 2022

In modern conditions, SMEs especially need the support of the Chinese government. The purpose of this work is to study three key areas of state support for SMEs in China – the monetary policy of the Central Bank of China, tax policy and sectoral policy. SMEs are the drivers of China’s economic growth. The impact on GDP is a crucial factor for the decision to support SMEs by Chinese government authorities. The creation of preferential conditions for SMEs in the post-crisis period creates conditions for improving China’s macroeconomic indicators. Despite the high costs of implementing incentive measures, these investments make it possible to keep SMEs in the market that are facing a crisis situation both due to disruptions in supply chains and due to a decrease in demand for products. The Chinese economy is focused on exports, including high-tech products. That is why special attention is paid to SMEs operating in the innovative sector of the economy. In addition, measures to support SMEs with low profitability were also considered. By applying the historical approach, the analysis of the trajectory of entrepreneurship development in China in the period 1978–2022 was carried out. The distinctive features of Chinese SMEs in comparison with Russian enterprises are highlighted. The classification of SMEs according to the main criteria established at the legislative level in the sectoral context is given. The choice of performance indicators depends on the scale and time interval of the analysis. It is particularly difficult to assess the effectiveness of the measures taken, which have an impact on various spheres in different time periods. The assessment of SMEs’ perception of the current market situation was based on the China SME Confidence Index (China SME Confidence Index) from 2019 to May 2022. Most of the measures considered relate specifically to this period. Based on the analysis of statistical indicators, the types of SMEs in China in which there is the least confidence in the sustainable conduct of activities are identified.
IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN DEVELOPMENT AND MODERNIZATION PROJECTS AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Agrarian Economics and Social Development of Rural Territories – All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Economics, Moscow, Russia, Ivanova Zlata A.
Published: June 2022

High productivity determines the efforts of economic entities. The final direction of the public economy is to ensure the material needs of the consumer, therefore, an adequate organization of work will determine the level of the final result. The costs of material and labor resources for the production of a unit of products and services should be minimal, which will lead to high efficiency of the management method. In agro-industrial production, the need for public-private partnership follows from the need for state support for the functioning and interaction of all its participants.
The Speech Acts of Thanking: Pragmatic Strategies Used Among Malay Generation Z
Authors: Yusof Maslida , Baharudin Rusmadi , Ja'afar Salinah , Harun Karim
Published: June 2022

Generation Z is a generation of technology. They are said to show very little verbal communication skills. They are relatively weak in terms of expression, verbal communication, confidence and interpersonal skills. Among the weaknesses that are commonly mentioned is that the younger generation find it quite "difficult" to express "thank you" in their daily life as it is not considered an important matter. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the strategy of thanking speech acts among the Malay Generation Z. The speech act of thanking expresses feelings of gratitude, appreciation and indebtedness for a gift, offer or help given by a person. This study employs a descriptive quantitative approach in the form of a Discourse Completion Task (DCT) questionnaire. In this approach, counts are performed to indicate which thanking strategies occur more in number and frequency. DCT contains five questions based on three different situations, namely receiving a gift, receiving help and receiving an award. These situations are also differentiated in terms of participant relationships based on social distance and social status. The questionnaire was distributed to 212 respondents representing Generation Z, namely Form 4 and Form 6 students as well as university students. Additionally, the data were analyzed based on a modified version of the classification of gratitude expressions by Cheng (2005), which comprised eight gratitude strategies. The study found that in displaying grateful actions, Generation Z more often used a direct or explicit strategy when using the words "thank you" or "thank you very much". The results also showed that Malay Generation Z is still aware and know how to perform acts of gratitude when faced with situations that require responses of gratitude.
Analisis Berita COVID-19 daripada Portal Malaysiakini Menggunakan Konsep Ad Hoc
Authors: Anwar Mohd Syukri
Published: June 2022

In the news, there are lexical and phrasal uses that are taxing and metaphorical but can be easily processed by the cognition of the reader. This study applies the ad hoc concepts of narrowing and expansion found in the Relevance Theory introduced by Barsalou (1987). Using data obtained from the Malaysiakini portal, the researcher analyzed the real meaning intended by the Malaysiakini author in the lexical items "menghidupkan" (animate) and "melindungi" (protect), as well as the phrase "mata pencarian" (livelihood). The results showed that the use of the ad hoc concept of narrowing succeeded in finding a total of six inferences for the lexical item "menghidupkan" and 13 inferences for the lexical item "melindungi" that could be categorized into four forms. The use of the ad hoc concept of expansion, on the other hand, succeeded in producing up to three implicature assumptions for the phrase "mata pencarian". Thus, it is evident that the lexical items and phrase have their actual meaning as intended by the author. The ambiguity of meaning can be detected through the analysis of the ad hoc concepts of narrowing and expansion.
Illocutionary Acts of the Prime Minister of Singapore in Curbing the Transmission of COVID-19
Authors: Zahid Indirawati , Selamat Muhammad Nasri
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 is an epidemic with extraordinary effects to such an extent that it was declared a pandemic. These extraordinary effects have led to the need for efforts to curb its spread. In this case, the Prime Minister of Singapore, Lee Hsien Loong (LHL), issued five remarks in the Malay language that were intended to convey a message of security and welfare to the population of Singapore during the COVID-19 situation. These remarks were aimed to influence its audience to jointly curb the spread of COVID-19 in Singapore. To illustrate their purpose, LHL’s remarks were analysed by applying the theory of communicative illocutionary acts proposed by Bach and Harnish (1979), with focus on two categories and subcategories, namely directives and commissives. The analysis applies qualitative method, namely thematic analysis, which has seven phases, including download, coding and classification, in order to achieve two objective sets, which are classifying and discussing the illocutionary force of the categories and subcategories of directives and commissives. The findings of the analysis showed that the illocutionary force is characterized by the use of the modality verbs (KKM) “mesti”, “boleh” and “akan”; the verb aspect (KKA) “akan” and other verbs (KK), including “harap (berharap)”, “bersiap” and “melonggarkan”; and the prohibitive word “jangan”. LHL’s illocutionary acts prove that he has practiced good governance, that is, a government that has transparency, efficiency and accountability towards the people of Singapore who have elected them as rulers. This good governance is represented through the illocutionary acts of LHL, who gives directions and promises to the people of Singapore in dealing with the COVID-19 situation.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Dan Teknik Penilaian Terhada Hasil Belajar Matematika Awal Setelah Mengontrol Kemampuan Awal Matematika
Authors: Jauhari EM Thonthowi
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran dan teknik penilaian terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa setelah mengontrol kemampuan matematika siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan desain faktorial. Model pembelajaran dan teknik penilaian sebagai variabel perlakuan, hasil belajar matematika sebagai variabel respon, dan kemampuan awal matematika siswa sebagai variabel kovariat. 1) hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran PBI lebih tinggi dari hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran konvensional, setelah mengontrol kemampuan awal siswa. 2) hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang dinilai dengan penilaian kinerja lebih tinggi dari hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang dinilai dengan penilaian tertulis, setelah mengontrol kemampuan awal siswa. 3) terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara model pembelajaran dengan teknik penilaian terhadap hasil belajar matematika awal , setelah mengontrol kemampuan awal siswa. 4) untuk kelas siswa yang dinilai dengan penilaian kinerja, hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran PBI lebih tinggi dari hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran konvensional, setelah mengontrol kemampuan awal siswa. 5) untuk kelas siswa yang dinilai dengan penilaian tertulis, hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran konvensional lebih tinggi dari hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran PBI, setelah mengontrol kemampuan awal siswa. 6) untuk kelas siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran PBI, hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang dinilai dengan penilaian kinerja lebih tinggi dari hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang dinilai dengan penilaian tertulis, setelah mengontrol kemampuan awal siswa. 7) untuk kelas siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran konvensional, hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang dinilai dengan penilaian tertulis lebih tinggi dari hasil belajar matematika pada kelas siswa yang dinilai dengan penilaian kinerja, setelah mengontrol kemampuan awal siswa.
Pengembangan Permainan Outbound untuk Mendorong Peningkatan Keterampilan Gerak Dasar Siswa PAUD Sayang Anak Kecamatan Sukamulia Kabupaten Lombok Timur Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Muslihan Muslihan
Published: June 2022

Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) memasuki pendidikan jasmani sebagai bagian dari pengembangan kemampuan dasar untuk meningkatkan kemampuan jasmani anak sesuai dengan tahap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Namun dalam kenyataannya dalam proses pembelajaran belum terlaksana secara optimal. Maka perlu adanya modifikasi dalam proses pembelajarannya. Tujuan penelitian ini menghasilkan model pengembangan permainan outbound untuk mendorong peningkatan keterampilan gerak dasar siswa PAUD Sayang Anak Kecamatan Sukamulia Kabupaten Lombok Timur Tahun Pelajaran 205/2016 dalam pembelajaran fisik motorik sehingga dapat mengembangkan berbagai aspek pembelajaran dan meningkatkan aktivitas jasmani siswa PAUD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Adapun prosedur pengembangan produk meliputi analisis produk yang akan diciptakan, mengembangkan produk awal, validasi ahli dan revisi, uji coba kelompok kecil dan revisi, uji coba kelompok besar dan produk akhir. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang diperoleh dari evaluasi ahli, serta menggunakan hasil pengamatan dilapangan dan hasil wawancara oleh siswa. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif persentase. Dari hasi luji ahli diperoleh persentase rata-rata hasil analisis produk skala kecil sebesar 87, 55% dengan kriteria “baik”. Oleh karena itu dapat digunakan untuk uji coba skala besar. Data hasil uji skala besar diperoleh persentase rata-rata sebesar 93, 33% dengan kriteria “sangat baik”. Data hasil pengamatan dan wawancara siswa pada uji coba skala kecil diperoleh rata-rata dengan persentase 73, 51% dengan kriteria “baik”. Data hasil pengamatandan wawancara siswa uji coba skala besar diperoleh rata-rata dengan persentase 83, 93% dengan kriteria “baik”. Pada uji coba kelompok kecil dan uji coba kelompok besar terjadi peningkatan hasil pengamatan dan wawancara siswa dengan persentase 10, 42%. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan permainan outbound untuk mendorong peningkatan keterampilan gerak dasar efektif dan sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa yang sangat aktif bergerak dan sangat senang bermain sehingga dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani pada PAUD. Diharapkan bagi guru pada PAUD dapat menggunakan model permainan outbound untuk mendorong peningkatan keterampilan gerak dasar ini. Produk yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif penyampaian materi pembelajaran fisik motorik untuk siswa PAUD.
Pembelajaran Berbasis Nilai Karakter dalam Satua Bali
Authors: Margunayasa I Gede
Published: June 2022

"Satua Bali” atau cerita rakyat Bali sering digunakan oleh para orang tua beberapa puluh tahun yang lalu. “Satua Bali” biasanya diceritakan sebagai pengantar putra-putrinya menjelang tidur. Selain diceritakan orang tuanya, “Satua Bali” biasanya diberikan oleh guru-guru di sekolah. Akan tetapi, semenjak 10 tahun terakhir, orang tua tidak lagi memberikan “Satua Bali” kepada anak-anaknya dan guru-guru di sekolah juga tidak pernah lagi memperkenalkan kepada siswa. Hal ini menyebabkan keberadaan “Satua Bali” menjadi tidak dikenal oleh siswa. Sebagian besar siswa di Bali tidak mengenal “Satua Bali”. Padahal, banyak sekali nilai-nilai karakter yang bisa diajarkan kepada anak-anak melalui “Satua Bali”. Sebagai contoh “Satua Bali” yaitu “I Buta teken I Lumpuh” dalam Bahasa Indonesia berjudul “Si Buta dan Si Lumpuh”. Dalam cerita ini, meskipun mereka berdua mengalami kekurangan yaitu buta dan lumpuh, tetapi dengan kerjasama, toleransi, dan penuh semangat mereka selalu mempunyai cara agar bisa makan untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari. “Satua Bali” tidak saja mengandung nilai-nilai karakter, akan tetapi juga mengandung materi yang sesuai dengan kurikulum yang digunakan di sekolah dasar. Dalam cerita “I Buta teken I Lumpuh”, materi yang dapat dibahas adalah alat indera, sistem rangka, dan cara memelihara alat indera dan sistem rangka. “Satua Bali” sangat sesuai diterapkan dalam pembelajaran di sekolah dasar, apalagi di sekolah yang menerapkan kurikulum 2013. Dalam pembelajaran, “Satua Bali” dapat dimasukkan di kegiatan inti pada tahap eksplorasi. Pada tahap ini, siswa diberikan “Satua Bali”, kemudian siswa diminta untuk membacakan sekaligus menghayatinya. Selain itu, guru juga dapat membacakannya dan siswa menyimaknya. Pada tahap elaborasi, siswa diminta untuk mendiskusikan secara berkelompok mengenai nilai karakter setiap tokoh yang ada dalam cerita dan mendiskusikan materi pelajaran yang ada. Pada tahap konfirmasi, guru mempertegas nilai-nilai karakter yang ada dalam “Satua Bali”, meminta siswa untuk menceritakannya di depan kelas, dan mengkonfirmasi materi pelajaran dalam “Satua Bali”, dan menambahkan materi sesuai dengan kurikulum yang berlaku. Dengan demikian, penerapan “Satua Bali” dalam pembelajaran dapat melestarikan kebudayaan lokal, menumbuhkan nilai-nilai karakter siswa, dan sangat berkaitan dengan materi yang ada di kurikulum. Disamping itu, dengan “Satua Bali”, maka dapat melatih kemampuan membaca dan kemampuan menyimak siswa. References
Efektivitas Alat Permainan Edukatif Dalam Membentuk Karakter Kemandirian Dan Kedisiplinan Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Muslihan Muslihan
Published: June 2022

Masa prasekolah (RA/TK) merupakan masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak usia dini, masa ini paling tepat untuk meletakkan pundasi awal dalam mengembangkan berbagai potensi yang dimiliki, meliputi: perkembangan nilai agama dan moral, fisik motorik, kognitif, bahasa, sosial emosional, seni dan kreatifitas. Sehingga dari 6 (enam) standar perkembangan anak tersebut, akan tercermin karakter terpuji yang merupakan sikap yang sudah terpatri dalam diri anak dan telah menjadi kebiasaan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Karakter dapat dijadikan barometer antara kebaikan dan keburukan. Kebaikan dapat terwujud apabila ditanamkan nilai-nilai karakter terpuji. Penting jika sejak usia dini perlu ditanamkan konsep diri, disiplin diri dan kemandirian. Penanaman karakter kemandirian dan kedisiplinan yang paling tepat dan efektif untuk anak usia dini ialah dengan menggunakan alat permaninan edukatif. Sebab dunianya anak adalah bermain, dan bermainnya anak merupakan aktivitas belajar anak. Melalui alat permainan edukatif anak dapat bermain sambil belajar dalam rangka mengembangkan potensi dan menanamkan karakter kemandirian dan kedisiplinan pada anak usia dini. Pembiasaan kemandirian dan kedisiplinan pada anak usia dini akan muncul nilai-nilai karakter yang terpuji lainnya meliputi: religius, jujur, toleransi, kerja keras, kreatif, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, semangat kebangsaan, cinta tanah air, menghargai prestasi, bersahabat, cinta damai, gemar membaca, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial, dan tanggung jawab.
Pengaruh Metode Bercerita Menggunakan Media Boneka Jari Terhadap Kemampuan Bahasa Ekspresif Anak TK Idhata Cambayya
Authors: Febrianti Asri , Rusmayadi Rusmayadi
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetauhi pengaruh metode bercerita menggunakan media boneka jari terhadap kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif Pre Experimental dengan desain One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama lima hari dan dalam beberapa tahap yaitu pretest yang dilakukan selama sehari dan dinilai dari segi aspek kemampuan bahasa anak sebelum diberikannya perlakuan/treatment dengan menggunakan media boneka jari, treatment dilakukan selama tiga hari menggunakan media boneka jari untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh penggunakan media tersebut terhadap kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak, dan yang terakhir posttest yang dilakukan selama sehari dan berlangsung dari awal pembelajaran hingga selesai yang bertujuan untuk mengukur keadaan akhir sesudah subyek diberikan perlakuan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak sebelum dan sesudah diberikan perlakuan menggunakan media boneka jari terdapat perubahan yang signifikan, dibuktikan dari hasil uji wilcoxon yaitu diperoleh Zhitung -2,810 dan sig ,005. Apabila nilai sig. Statistik uji wilcoxon < alpha (0,05) atau |Zhitung |> |Ztabel (1,96)|, maka Ho ditolak. Diperoleh nilai sig = 005 < alpha (0,05) sehingga diputskan untuk menolak Ho. jika Ho yang ditolak, maka secara otomatis H1 diterima yang artinya terdapat pengaruh penggunaan media boneka jari terhadap kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak TK Idhata Cambayya
The Potential of Natural Ingredients as Anti Pediculosis capitis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Intan Nur Laili Izzah  , Selviani Eka Suci  , Dewi Yuliani , Nia Yuniarsih
Published: June 2022

Head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) is a small parasite that feeds itself by sucking human blood, which causes infection of the scalp so that it becomes inflamed. The most common way to kill fleas is through the use of pharmaceutical insecticides. Some insecticide products contain permethrin, lindane, and DDT which are toxic to the body and are not easily biodegradable in the environment. Uncontrolled use of insecticides can make ticks resistant to these insecticides. Lemon, kirinyuh leaves, pandan wangi, Srikaya leaves, garlic, jarak pagar, citronella leaves, papaya, and lime have potential as anti-parasitic head lice.
Lactating Adenoma in Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Trengginas Satrio Sarwo , Widyanti Soewoto
Published: June 2022

Background: Lactating adenoma is a rare palpable breast lesion that occurs late in pregnancy or the lactation period and is commonly found in young primiparous women in the second or third decade of life. This case report aims to describe lactating adenoma and its management.

Case presentation: A woman, 24 years old, 26 weeks pregnant, came to the Surgical Oncology Polyclinic of Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta with a complaint of a lump in the right breast from the last 4 months. The lump was felt to be getting bigger, painful to the point that sometimes fluid came out of the nipple of her right breast. The patient had a history of previous lumps with a diagnosis of fibroadenoma that had been operated on. On palpation multiple nodules are palpable. Mammography examination showed a mass with partial calcification (BIRADS 3). The patient was diagnosed with a tumur of mammae dextra suspected of malignant cT2N1Mx with G1P0A0 26 weeks gestation. Histopathological examination results showed a lactating adenoma.

Conclusion: There are several recommendations for the management of lactating adenoma during pregnancy. An antepartum biopsy is recommended for women with a breast mass in the first or second trimester, postpartum for masses that appear in the late third trimester, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy as an alternative for masses that appear in the early third trimester. Treatment with bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, may be given to reduce the size of the lactating adenoma.
The Legal Due Diligence of Land Acquisition for the Public Interest: A Critical Review
Authors: Zainuddin Z.
Published: June 2022

This study aims to examine and analyze the legal due diligence approach to land acquisition for the public interest. In addition, to analyze aspects of legal due diligence as a preventive effort to minimize land acquisition problems. This research was conducted using a normative juridical approach with analytical descriptive specifications. The literature study was used to obtain the legal materials needed in this research. The collected legal materials are then analyzed using a qualitative descriptive analysis method. The results show that legal due diligence of land acquisition for the public interest has several objectives: obtaining legal status or legal clarity regarding land documents; checking the validity of the right of ownership to land; checking the legal compliance of land rights owners; providing an opinion for legal certainty of a policy taken by the Government. Furthermore, legal due diligence as a preventive effort to minimize land acquisition problems include: information and data must be valid, comprehensive, and objective; the transaction must be carried out in good faith; investigation and evaluate facts on relevant land objects based on research analysis. Therefore, it is recommended that the Government implement legal due diligence of land acquisition for the public interest as a preventive effort to suppress and minimize the risk of potential legal remedies such as lawsuits that will arise in the future.
An Analysis of Rural-Urban Learning Performance Inequality in Malawi Primary Education
Authors: Ishii Yudai , Meke Elizabeth Selemani
Published: June 2022

The promotion of regional equity has become an important topic in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In Malawi, this issue is particularly important because of facing wide regional inequalities concerning income and living standards. In the field of education, the rural-urban learning performance inequality has been a persistent issue to be addressed, but there has not been enough evidence suggesting what causes were behind rural-urban student performance inequality in Malawi. This study examines how family, teacher, school, and community factors are associated with reading scores in Malawi from two perspectives, vertical inequality and horizontal inequality. This research analyses Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ) data collected in 2013 through ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and quantile regression. The results indicate that there is an obvious rural-urban gap significantly in each factor and a variation in the effect among different performance levels. One of the important findings is that the education level of school heads above senior secondary education and management training for school heads have a significant and positive relationship with student reading scores in the rural area. Thus, deploying more qualified school heads and carrying out school head training in rural might improve student outcomes. Furthermore, community involvement is positively associated with learning outcomes in urban and it may be a determinant of student achievement in Malawi. Further study about this topic should be needed to set a more sophisticated theoretical framework, use more recent data, and a time-series analysis with data long after the implementation would provide a clearer picture of the policy’s effects.
Explaining the Urban Schools’ Advantage in Literacy in English Performance: Do schools’ Locations Make a Difference?
Authors: Ochwo Pius
Published: June 2022

The study was to investigate the association between rural and urban pupils’ academic performance in literacy in English. The researcher collected data on the Primary Leaving Examination, the entranced exam to secondary school level in Uganda. The subject selected for analysis was Literacy in English. There were twelve schools in the Wakiso district that were used for the study. A fixed- effect model with a single covariate (ANCOVA) was used to analyse the data. The design is Ex-post facto. The results show that the proportion of learners rated proficient in Literacy in English (M = 4.16, SE = .13) in urban location was significantly (p = .01) higher than the learners in rural location (M = 5.12, SE = .07). It should be noted that, in Uganda, the lower the mean score, the better the performance whereas the higher the mean score the weaker the performance (i.e., 9 is the lowest score whereas 1 is the highest score).
Evaluasi Pendidikan Dalam Perspektif Filsafat Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Arzi Shafaunnida
Published: June 2022

Evaluation in Islamic education is generally very useful for educators, learners, thinkers of Islamic education, politics of Islamic education policy makers, to assist them in improving the supervisory system and considering the policies that will be applied in the national education system (Islam). Research Library or Library research is the study of several references related to research conducted both the thinking of the figures and others. evaluation is a process and action planned to collect information about progress, growth and development (learners) of the purpose (education), so that can be compiled assessment that can be used as a basis for making decisions. Evaluations are conducted to evaluate learners, educators, educational materials, the process of delivering subject matter, and various other aspects related to educational materials.
Pengaruh Metode Card Sort Dalam Meningkatan Hasil Belajar Al Qur’an Hadits Siswa Kelas IV di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah 07 Sidokelar Paciran
Authors: M. Chotibuddin Sintiya Mafazatin
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to improve student learning outcomes for the fourth grade Al-Qur’an Hadith subjects through the Card Sort method at MI Muhammadiyah 07 Sidokelar.

This study uses quantitative methods with parametric statistical data analysis techniques, and uses a one-group pretest posttest design. This research was conducted at MI Muhammadiyah 07 Sidokelar in the even semester of the 2020/2021 school year. The selected population is class IV with a total of 17 people. From that population, samples were taken using a saturated sampling technique (if the population is less than 30) then the sample was class IV students of MI Muhammadiyah 07 Sidokelar Paciran as many as 17 people. The data collection instruments used were observation and test methods.

In the presentation of the acquisition value in the observation of learning activities using the card sort method, an average value of 81.81% was obtained, this means that the card sort method in learning can be implemented well. While the test results data that have been collected were analyzed using validity test techniques, reliability tests, normality tests, homogeneity tests, and strengthened using product moment correlation tests, as well as significance tests or t-tests (t-test). From the results of the data analysis that has been carried out, there is a significant correlation between the X variable and the Y variable. As indicated by the correlation coefficient rcount of 0.864 and rtable of 0.514, rcount > rtable (0.864 > 0.514). And based on the results of the significance test or t-test (t-test) obtained a tcount value of 6.648 and a t-table value of 2.131. Then tcount > ttable (6,648 > 2,131). So it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. So the card sort method has an effect on increasing student learning outcomes in the subjects of Al Qur’an Hadith on the legal material of idgham and iqlab reading in class IV MI Muhammadiyah 07 Sidokelar Paciran for the 2020/2021 school year.

Furthermore, the calculation is carried out using the coefficient of determination formula to find out how big the contribution of the influence of variable X to variable Y. Using the formula KP = r2 x 100%, the results obtained are 74.6% of the contribution of variable X to variable Y.
Exploring new pathways in endocrine-resistant breast cancer
Authors: de Pinho Inês Soares , Abreu Catarina , Gomes Inês , Casimiro Sandra , Pacheco Teresa Raquel , de Sousa Rita Teixeira , Costa Luís
Published: June 2022

The most common breast cancer (BC) subtypes are hormone-dependent, being either estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), progesterone receptor-positive (PR+), or both, and altogether comprise the luminal subtype. The mainstay of treatment for luminal BC is endocrine therapy (ET), which includes several agents that act either directly targeting ER action or suppressing estrogen production. Over the years, ET has proven efficacy in reducing mortality and improving clinical outcomes in metastatic and nonmetastatic BC. However, the development of ET resistance promotes cancer survival and progression and hinders the use of endocrine agents. Several mechanisms implicated in endocrine resistance have now been extensively studied. Based on the current clinical and pre-clinical data, the present article briefly reviews the well-established pathways of ET resistance and continues by focusing on the three most recently uncovered pathways, which may mediate resistance to ET, namely receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK), nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), and Notch. It additionally overviews the evidence underlying the approval of combined therapies to overcome ET resistance in BC, while highlighting the relevance of future studies focusing on putative mediators of ET resistance to uncover new therapeutic options for the disease.
УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ НАУКОВО-МЕТОДИЧНИЙ ЦЕНТР ПРАКТИЧНОЇ ПСИХОЛОГІЇ І СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ РОБОТИ У ПРОЦЕСІ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Panok Vitalii , Lunchenko Nadiia
Published: June 2022

Діяльність Українського науково-методичного центру практичної психології і соціальної роботи безпосередньо пов’язано зі створенням і діяльністю психологічної служби у системі освіти. Центр, як головна науково-методична організація психологічної служби, забезпечив її створення та ефективний розвиток протягом тридцяти років. Діяльність психологічної служби сприяла і продовжує сприяти реформуванню освітньої галузі на засадах дитиноцентризму, індивідуального та особистісного підходів, прогнозування і проєктування особистісного розвитку здобувачів освіти у складних умовах сучасного суспільного розвитку. Основними напрямами функціонування психологічної служби є: консультативно-методична допомога всім учасникам освітнього процесу; просвітницька робота з підвищення психологічної культури в закладах освіти та в сім’ї; формування у здобувачів освіти орієнтації на здоровий спосіб життя та захист психічного здоров’я тощо. Розвиток психологічної служби істотно вплинув на збільшення обсягів підготовки фахівців психології у закладах вищої освіти. Активізовано наукові дослідження актуальних проблем соціальної і педагогічної практики, змісту, форм і методів професійної підготовки практичних психологів. За роки існування центру в країні побудовано унікальну систему взаємозв’язків між психологічною наукою, фундаментальною і прикладною психологією та психологічною і освітньою практикою.
ІНСТИТУТ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ І ОСВІТИ ДОРОСЛИХ ІМЕНІ ІВАНА ЗЯЗЮНА НАПН УКРАЇНИ: ЧАС ВИПРОБУВАНЬ, ЧАС ДОСЯГНЕНЬ
Authors: Lukianova Larysa
Published: June 2022

У статті узагальнено досвід діяльності Інституту педагогічної освіти і освіти дорослих імені Івана Зязюна НАПН України щодо внеску наукового сегмента в утвердженні пріоритетів національної ідентичності, громадянськості, загальнолюдських цінностей в українській державі, що перебуває в умовах воєнного стану з 24 лютого 2022 р. Наочно представлено напрями діяльності ІПООД імені Івана Зязюна НАПН України в умовах воєнних реалій, що відображає наш внесок у загальну справу здобуття Перемоги на науковому, освітньому фронті. З-поміж системних напрямів діяльності: здійснення наукових досліджень, волонтерський рух в Україні і за кордоном, перекладацька, лекторська, експериментальна діяльність, співпраця з громадами, закладами освіти, громадськими організаціями тощо. Акцентовано на внеску науковців у здійснення психологічної підтримки різних категорій дорослих і дітей, сприяння впровадженню громадських ініціатив щодо дотримання прав людини, започаткуванні консультацій, лекторської роботи, вебінарів, тренінгів з проблем подолання психологічних проблем у сприйнятті, переживанні військових дій, втрат, безнадії тощо. Узагальнення найважливіших досягнень працівників в умовах воєнних реалій уможливило визначення ціннісного пріоритету діяльності наукової установи — відбудова української держави після національно-визвольної війни українського народу проти РФ залежить від громадянської позиції, ціннісного ставлення кожного науковця, який наділений національно свідомим світосприйняттям, дієвою спрямованістю на здійснення професійних і непрофесійних, громадянських функцій у суспільстві.
Population density, spatial patterns and sample size of Edessa meditabunda (F., 1794) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on alternative plants during soybean off-season in southern Brazil
Authors: Engel Eduardo , Silveira Dienefer A. , Bortolotto Rafael P. , Pasini Mauricio P. B. , Ribeiro Ana L. de P. , Antes Beskow Gustavo
Published: June 2022

Edessa meditabunda (F., 1794) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is considered a potential pest for soybean crops in the Neotropical region. During winter (i.e. the soybean off-season), the stink bugs seek alternative host plants such as Saccharum angustifolium (Nees) Trin. and Andropogon bicornis L. at the edge of crop fields for shelter. The objective of this study was to investigate the population density between plants and tussock diameter, spatial distribution and sample size of E. meditabunda on A. bocornis and S. angustifolium at the edge of cultivated areas during soybean off-season. In both plants, the increase of tussock diameter resulted in a higher population density of E. meditabunda. Tussocks of S. angustifolium had a higher average number of stink bugs.plant-1 than A. bicornis. We observed an aggregation trend in both plant species. For practical applicability following Integrated Pest Management, a minimum sample size of 106 and 116 plants for A. bicornis and S. angustifolium respectively was obtained. Evaluation of host plants at the edges of crop fields during soybean off-season plays an important role in management strategies during the next cropping season.
Inductive heating and flow chemistry – a perfect synergy of emerging enabling technologies
Authors: Kuhwald Conrad , Türkhan Sibel , Kirschning Andreas
Published: June 2022

Inductive heating has developed into a powerful and rapid indirect heating technique used in various fields of chemistry, but also in medicine. Traditionally, inductive heating is used in industry, e.g., for heating large metallic objects including bending, bonding, and welding pipes. In addition, inductive heating has emerged as a partner for flow chemistry, both of which are enabling technologies for organic synthesis. This report reviews the combination of flow chemistry and inductive heating in industrial settings as well as academic research and demonstrates that the two technologies ideally complement each other.
Immigrants’ Rights and Fear of Deportation During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Critical Study of The US Immigration Policies
Authors: Khan Sahida
Published: June 2022

In recent years, anti-immigrant sentiments are taking a toll in American society. The COVID- 19 pandemic have just proved to be the add on to the prevalent socio-political polarization. The news regarding the deaths of immigrants coming from the different nationalities and discriminatory behaviour of the federal agencies towards immigrant groups in providing them aid through the health care mechanism during the COVID-19 period are doing rounds in the world. People who do not have lawful status and proper documentation are left behind and have been ignored vehemently in providing COVID19 testing and other medical facilities. Such treatment could be seen as a testament to the policy-driven barrier which is part and parcel of the U.S. immigration policies for the vulnerable section of the society that leads to the more severe COVID situation in the country. The proposed research paper tries to investigate and analyse the situation of undocumented immigrants who have been living in the U.S. which is considered as the most developed country in the world but failed to treat equally the "others" who suffered miserably during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the discriminatory policies of the various federal departments of the United States. Whereas, other developing countries are doing good who did not impose those policy-driven impediments on such groups. The paper tries to investigate how this biased behaviour towards some particular immigrants group and racial identities affects the US tag of a multicultural society and hampering its diplomatic ties with other nations as well. Apart from this, the paper also examines how the immigrant's rights have been tossed away and how they were living under the constant fear of deportation during the severe pandemic situation as situations were so grim in their home country as well.
Application of the VALS and the laddering techniques at shared decision-making
Authors:   FGAOU VO Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, RUDN University, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Zuenkova Yu.A.
Published: June 2022

Patients values are fundamental in the process of health decision-making. The use of PROMs is often difficult in routine clinical practice, which requires the search for simpler methods of determining the patients values, where psychographic segmentation and laddering are one of those. The aim of the study was to improve the process of shared-decision-making in patients with non-melanoma skin cancer using the VALS segmentation and the laddering technique. Materials and methods. An inclusive, incomparable, prospective, long-term multicenter cohort study of the use of the laddering technique and the VALS technique was conducted in 158 patients (154 (97%) with basal cell skin cancer, 4 (3%) squamous cell skin cancer; 129 (82%) patients with stage I–II diseases, 17 (11%), with IV – 12 (7%); 56 (35%) – men, 102 (65%) – women. The results of psychographic segmentation showed: the clinical result of the procedure is important for 96% (n=152), the safety of treatment and adverse reactions – for 91% (n=143), the cosmetic result – for 46% (n=73), convenience and flexibility of the treatment schedule – for 36% (n=57), the painlessness of the treatment procedure – for 34% (n=54), the ability to lead a habitual lifestyle during treatment – for 23% (n=36), the comfort of the treatment procedure – for 14% (n=22), the financial costs associated with treatment – for 9% (n=14), preservation of organ function after treatment – for 3% (n=5). Conclusions. The method of psychographic segmentation can be adapted to the tasks of communication between the doctor and the patient. The scope of application of the VALS methodology and the laddering technique can be considered situations when a doctor is unable to use validated quality of life questionnaires due to limited resources or the absence of such questionnaires.
Child mortality in different countries during the COVID‑19 pandemic
Authors:   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Tliashinova I. A. , Mingazova E. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: June 2022

At the beginning of the pandemic, COVID‑19 deaths were relatively higher among older children than in younger age groups, although there was a high likelihood of life-threatening cases of COVID‑19 in children with underlying medical conditions. Low child mortality from COVID‑19 is attributed by the authors of the study to the use of protective measures by children from high-risk groups and isolation measures. However, the COVID‑19 pandemic has led to serious disruptions in the work of health services in various countries, to interruptions in the provision of maternal and child health services (medical examinations, vaccinations, prenatal and postnatal care, and others), to a shortage of medical personnel. Purpose: to analyze the data of scientific studies on the characteristics of child mortality in various countries with the allocation of risks in the system of maternal and child health care. Materials and methods: bibliographic and analytical methods were used in the work. Findings: Premature newborns are particularly vulnerable to the COVID‑19 pandemic, especially in low- and middle-income countries where the impact of health system failures is significant. Restrictions during the COVID‑19 pandemic exacerbate the risks of stillbirth, including delayed delivery. The drop in preterm birth rates seen in high-income countries is attributed by researchers to the indirect effects of the response to the COVID‑19 pandemic, and data on stillbirths are not taken into account, which may make it difficult to explain the decline.
Review of lean practices in clinical laboratories
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, Pavlova K. A. , Kobyakova O. S. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Deev I. A. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Boykov V. A. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Baranovskaya S. V. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Shibalkov I. P. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Perfilyeva D.Yu. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Babeshina M. A. ,   Siberian State Medical University
Published: June 2022

The main role of clinical laboratory diagnostics is to obtain reliable, reproducible and timely results that help to make the right clinical decisions. As the literature review shows, there are a number of common problems for many clinical laboratories, such as: long turnaround times, high laboratory costs for consumables, insufficient level of satisfaction with quality of services received by patients and high number of complaints. The use of lean manufacturing can be one way of solving these problems. Purpose of the study is to summarize and analyze the literature regarding the application of lean manufacturing in clinical laboratories. Materials and methods. A literature review was performed using the following abstract databases: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Mendeley, and NCBI. The depth of the search according to the time parameter had no limitations. The following keywords were used as search markers: “lean management”, “lean thinking”, “lean six sigma”, “lean tools”, “healthcare”, “health services”, “clinical laboratory”. More than 100 publications were analyzed, from which 28 most representative studies were selected. Results. The implementation of lean production methods provides a reduction in turnaround time, costs and errors in the clinical laboratory, reduces the contamination of biological material at the preanalytical stage and reduces waiting time for services and, as a consequence, reduces the number of patient complaints. Conclusion. The above results indicate that lean production methods can be used in laboratories to solve frequently occurring problems and demonstrate the effectiveness of their application in clinical laboratories.
Issues of introduction of electronic personnel document management in medical organizations
Authors:   National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after Vishnevsky, Chililov A.M. , Kadyrov F.N. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,   North-Western Medical University I.I. Mechnikov
Published: June 2022

Informatization is gradually spreading to all new areas of labor relations. Therefore, it is logical to switch from the transfer to electronic form of individual documents (electronic sick leave, electronic workbooks, etc.) to the comprehensive automation of the entire personnel document flow. The proposed material presents an analysis of changes in labor legislation devoted to this area.
St. Paul, an inspiring leader of the Early Christian Communities (2 Cor 11:23-29) – Points for Reflection for Priests and Christian Leaders
Authors: Dim Emmanuel U.
Published: June 2022

St. Paul is often referred to as the most important and creative figure in the history of the early Church, as is evident from his life, works, missionary journeys and general evangelizational legacy. He was, in fact, the leading missionary of that early Christianity. But most Christians may not be fully aware of these noble facts, as Paul was also really notorious for his earlier brutal persecution of the same Church. This article aims at bringing out the laudable merits and legacy of this great apostle which remain exemplary for all Christians, especially the Christian leaders, to this day – a fact for which the Church specially celebrated the Year of St. Paul from June 28, 2008 to June 29, 2009. The methodology employed in this work is the historical-exegetical method. With the help of this method, the shining examples and general legacy of this great apostle in the early Church have been more deeply unearthed with the result that they would now become a constant and lasting encouragement for all Christian leaders, and Christians in general, as well as biblical scholars and students. It is on that note that this article, which was initially a reflection for priests and Christian leaders here in Nigeria, has now been updated and is being published for the benefit of a wider audience.