bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blocking cholesterol storage to treat Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Chang Ta Yuan , Chang Catherine C. Y. , Harned Taylor C. , De La Torre Adrianna L. , Lee Junghoon , Huynh Thao N. , Gow James G.
Published: December 2021

Cholesterol serves as an essential lipid molecule in various membrane organelles of mammalian cells. The metabolites of cholesterol also play important functions. Acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1), also named as sterol O-acyltransferase 1, is a membrane-bound enzyme residing at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It converts cholesterol to cholesteryl esters (CEs) for storage, and is expressed in all cells. CEs cannot partition in membranes; they can only coalesce as cytosolic lipid droplets. Excess CEs are found in the vulnerable region of the brains of patients with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and in cell and mouse models for AD. Reducing CE contents by genetic inactivation of ACAT1, or by pharmacological inhibition of ACAT is shown to reduce amyloidopathy and other hallmarks for AD. To account for the various beneficial actions of the ACAT1 blockade (A1B), a working hypothesis is proposed here: the increase in CE contents observed in the AD brain is caused by damages of cholesterol-rich lipid rafts that are known to occur in neurons affected by AD. These damages cause cholesterol to release from lipid rafts and move to the ER where it will be converted to CEs by ACAT1. In addition, the increase in CE contents may also be caused by overloading with cholesterol-rich substances, or through activation of ACAT1 gene expression by various pro-inflammatory agents. Both scenarios may occur in microglia of the chronically inflamed brain. A1B ameliorates AD by diverting the cholesterol pool destined for CE biosynthesis such that it can be utilized more efficiently to repair membrane damage in various organelles, and to exert regulatory actions more effectively to defend against AD. To test the validity of the A1B hypothesis in cell culture and in vivo, the current status of various anti-ACAT1 agents that could be further developed is briefly discussed.
Properties and functions of TP/PD-ECGF — enzyme and angiogenic factor in norm and in neoplastic pathology
Authors: Borzenko Berta , Fedorova Anna , Bakurova Elena , Bogatyreva Elena
Published: December 2021

Thymidine phosphorylase is a protein which may has a dual action: it is a rate-limiting enzyme in thymidine metabolism and it is similar to the platelet – derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD/ECGF). The enzyme catalyzes the reversible reaction of phosphorolytic cleavage of thymidine to thymine and deoxyribose-1-phosphate. It has been found that TP has higher activity in tumor tissues. Also it is involved in a proliferative process in a wide variety of chronic inflammatory diseases. Increased expression of PD/ECGF in many tumors is associated with aggressive disease and/or poor prognosis. Its known that high TP activity is related to malignant angiogenesis and invasion.

On the other hand, TP inhibits a hypoxia induced apoptotic pathway and enhances expression of various inflammatory cytokines and interferons. This apparent role of enzyme in tumor progression has prompted investigation a large number of TP inhibitors for applicability in chemotherapy backbone regimens. The enzymatic activity of PD/ECGF is being able to generate 5-fluorouracile from capecitabine and other precursors. Thus TP is identified as a prime target for developing novel anticancer therapies. The serum TP level in cancer patients provides useful prognostic information regarding both responses to chemotherapy and length of survival and should be used in planning appropriate therapy. TP could be suggested that control of individual enzyme activity in blood serum may be used as informative tool for monitoring of patients and treatment optimization.
Physico-dosimetric aspects of radiotherapy treatment of breast cancer patients with an established tissue expander
Authors: Panshin Georgii , Polushkin Pavel , Smyslov Aleksei , Izmailov Timur
Published: December 2021

According to the data for 2019, breast cancer occupies a leading position among malignant neoplasms in the female population in the Russian Federation.

Currently, there is an increase in the number of young breast cancer patients. In this regard, the requirements for the quality of life of patients, in particular the aesthetic results of special treatment, are increasing, which contributes to the introduction of methods of reconstructive surgery in oncomammology.

The two-stage installation of a silicone breast implant is the most common method of breast reconstruction in oncological practice, in which a tissue expander is installed in patients at the first stage after mastectomy, and at the second stage it is replaced with a permanent implant.

At the same time, the issue of radiotherapy in patients who have undergone the surgical stage of breast cancer treatment with reconstructive plastic surgery remains relevant to date. As is known, radiotherapy plays an important role in the combined and complex treatment of breast cancer, increasing, in general, locoregional control in operated patients. On the other hand, it may increase the risk of late complications of breast reconstruction, such as the development of capsular contractures and protrusions.

It should also be emphasized that at present, the impact of hypofractive radiotherapy regimes, which are the most promising in clinical development, primarily on endoprostheses in patients during two-stage reconstruction, remains insufficiently studied. This article presents a brief analysis of the physical and dosimetric planning of radiotherapy in patients with breast cancer after the installation of a tissue expander who were treated on the basis of the RNCRR.
Scaphisomatini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scaphidiinae) from two biosphere reserves in eastern China, with descriptions of two new species
Authors: LÖBL Ivan , Hájek Jiří
Published: December 2021

Members of the scaphidiine tribe Scaphisomatini collected recently in Tianmushan
Biosphere Reserve (Zhejiang) and Wuyishan National Nature Reserve (part of Wuyishan
Biosphere Reserve, Fujian), China, are studied. Two species, Scaphisoma krali Löbl, sp.
nov. and Scaphisoma sekerkai Löbl, sp. nov., are described from Wuyishan. Baeocera franzi (Löbl, 1973) and Scaphisoma mutator Löbl, 2000 are recorded for the first time from Zhejiang province, and Scaphisoma binhanum (Pic, 1922) and Scaphoxium intermedium Löbl, 1984 are recorded for the first time from Fujian province.
Gender and the Role of Emotional Regulation in Intercultural Communication
Authors: Vilar Sánchez Karin
Published: December 2021

This article addresses the question as to why female migrants are more negatively affected than male migrants when confronted with unfamiliar traits in communication in the host country, but they are nevertheless more willing to adapt to the foreign style of communication. To answer this question, the different management of emotional regulation (Thayer et al. 2003) by both genders was investigated. A broad survey conducted among Spanish migrants in Germany led to the conclusion that the female migrants actually perceive the investigated traits more frequently and are also more negatively affected by them. But, in comparison to the males, they have an increased ability to recognize and understand their emotions although they also display an increased tendency to ruminate. However, most of the women counteracted this tendency with a heightened ability to regulate their emotions through antirumination emotional repair strategies. According to the data, this abilityseems to lead to a greater willingness to understand the views of the natives and thus possibly to being more disposed to integrate into the host society.
Metonymies, Immigration and the Press: From Ilegales to Guiris
Authors: Saiz de Lobado Ester , López Lago Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2021

The current paper explores the Lexical and Conceptual Metonymies employed by the Spanish press to refer to immigrants from cognitive and critical discourse perspectives. Two corpora of news stories are analyzed: the first contains news stories from the Comunidad de Madrid, whereas the second is contextualized and geolocalized in a particular area of Madrid, Lavapiés, where several studies have revealed a tendency to use the diversity present in this territory as a marketing strategy. The analysis brings to light differences and similarities in the underlying metonymical discourse of each corpus, namely in terms of the distribution of the Conceptual Metonymies found therein, as well as their correlation with a positive, neutral or negative assessment of the given news story. The metonymical discourse of the first corpus correlates most strongly with neutral assessments, while that of the second corpus correlates largely with positive assessments of the conceptualizations.
Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (May Allah be pleased with him) Said: The Prophet said, “Beware! Avoid sitting on Roadsides” (An Analytical Study)
Authors: Laila Muhammad Ragab Eslim
Published: December 2021

The aim of this research was to analyze the Prophet’s hadith, “Beware! Avoid sitting on roadsides” to highlight the code of conduct to be adopted for roads in Islam. Many Muslims are unaware of those rights and keep whispering, gazing, and flirting. The research consists of two major sections: the first is about the narration and attribution, the second includes the analysis of hadith where it includes eight sub-sections. The results showed the Prophet's (Peace be upon him) keenness to build a strong and unified society, whereby he provided a set of social morals to be considered by those sitting on roadsides, which are namely to “Lower the gaze, refrain from harm, return greetings of peace, enjoin good and forbid evil.”
A Hermeneutic Perspective on Rationalists versus Doctrinists
Authors: Hamaza Mohamed Tahar
Published: December 2021

In this paper the issue of the hermeneutic theory in the Islamic heritage of rationalists and doctrinists is being discussed, and an effort will be made to cipher a procedural definition of interpretation despite of all the contradictions and criticism experienced by this term throughout Islamic history. Therefore, traditionalists may be seen as an indispensable source alongwith doctrinists such as Ibn al-Arabi, al-Ghazali, Ibn Rushd, Abd al-Qaher al-Jurjani, al-Tabari, al-Shatibi, and Ibn Taymiyyah.
Impacto del manejo del producto y prevención de la contaminación en la ventaja competitiva en negocios de mezcal de Oaxaca
Authors: González-Cruz Moisés , Sánchez-Medina Patricia S. , López Cruz Juana Yolanda
Published: December 2021

Este artículo analiza el impacto del manejo del producto y la prevención de la contaminación en la ventaja competitiva en costos, diferenciación y crecimiento empresarial, para ello se utiliza la visión basada en los recursos naturales (NRBV, por sus siglas en inglés), la cual fundamenta una relación entre diferentes estrategias ambientales y la ventaja competitiva. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, utilizado la técnica de mínimos cuadrados parciales para un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (PLS-SEM, por sus siglas en inglés), basado en datos de encuestas realizadas a 61 negocios de mezcal ubicados en la “Región del Mezcal” del estado de Oaxaca. Los resultados demuestran que el manejo del producto impacta la ventaja competitiva en costos y el crecimiento empresarial, mientras que la prevención de la contaminación no arrojó resultados significativos, lo cual contradice los argumentos planteados en la NRBV. El artículo propone una serie de implicaciones teóricas y prácticas, enfatizando principalmente en la necesidad de proponer modelos más idóneos a contextos en subsistencia y la necesidad urgente de apoyo institucional al sector estudiado.
Análisis de la contribución científica Latinoamericana en la temática de los vehículos eléctricos
Authors: Guevara Ramírez Willmer , Río-Belver Rosa María , Martinez de Alegría Itziar , Morales Letzkus Cristian
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar mediante un análisis bibliométrico la contribución científica latinoamericana en la temática de los vehículos eléctricos, utilizando las investigaciones indexadas en la Web of Science (WOS) en el periodo 2001-2019. Los resultados muestran poca contribución de los países latinoamericanos, sus organizaciones y autores, además de un bajo enfoque hacia las investigaciones sobre las baterías de litio. Lo que permite concluir que las organizaciones y agencias de financiamiento científico de la región deberían potenciar las investigaciones en la temática, favoreciendo los proyectos que proponga amplias redes de colaboración que permita una rápida transferencia de conocimiento.
The economic situation of the Arctic in the Chinese energy market
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kozmenko Sergey Yu.
Published: December 2021

Over the past decade, the Chinese economy has grown at a faster pace (up to 8 % per year), which is a consequence of the unprecedented expansion of China in world markets. Such a competitive position presupposes the same significant (up to 15 %) growth in energy consumption, which is ensured by both an increase in domestic production (to a lesser extent) and imports of energy resources — oil, pipeline and liquefied natural gas and coal. In the context of aggravated competition between the leading economies of the world (China and the United States), the security of transporting energy resources from the Persian Gulf and other regions through the narrows of the Strait of Hormuz and Malacca, as well as through the regions of the South China Sea and the Taiwan Strait controlled by the United States, acquires a new sound for China. To solve this problem, China is building up its naval presence in the direction of the Southern Silk Road, but mainly in the waters of the Pacific Ocean seas — the Yellow, East China and South China, that is, in the operational zones of the three fleets of the Chinese Navy — the North, East and South, from the exits to the operational zone of the Russian Pacific Fleet in the waters of the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk. Demonstration of strength and flag during joint sailing of the two fleets is carried out within the framework of the exercises of the “Maritime Interaction” format from 2012 to 2021 inclusive, except for 2020 due to the aggravation of the epidemiological situation in connection with COVID-19. The latent goal of these exercises is to practice coastal defense missions in the zone where China's strategic oil reserve is located.
Natural park as part of the strategy for the development of sustainable tourism in Teriberka settlement (Murmansk region)
Authors:   Barents Centre of the Humanities of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Davydova Alena S.
Published: December 2021

For the first time in the practice of creating regional specially protected natural areas in the Murmansk region, a socio-anthropological study was carried out. The purpose of the investigation was to study the attitude of residents of a rural settlement to the creation of a natural park in the context of sustainable tourism development in a remote area. The main component of this strategy is the interaction of all parties interested in the comfortable development of tourism in settlements. In the article, based on the classifications proposed by Urry and Cohen, the views of the local population were analyzed and the types of Teriberka visitors were identified. The predominant kind of tourist in Teriberka is romantic. That solitary traveler represents an individualistic-oriented person the main motive of travel of which is admiring natural objects. This kind of tourist is complemented by the individual mass tourist traveling alone or with a group of travelers who already know each other. Based on the results we are able to assume that indigenous people are tolerant towards tourists and are not against the development of tourist activities in the village. The attitude of the local population for tourists visiting these territories was revealed, the main problems of the settlements were determined. The main of these are an abundance of garbage, a lack of toilets, a lack of control of inappropriate behavior of visitors; environmental pollution; damage to nature, etc. The study has shown that most of the local residents reacted positively to the idea of creating a natural park. Most part of the respondents agrees with the opinion that the creation of a natural park will help preserve the natural and cultural heritage of this unique historical settlement.
Global trends and target indicators of economic development of industrial gas production complexes in the Arctic
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zhukov Oleg V. , Cherepovitsyn Aleksey E. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University
Published: December 2021

The current stage of development of the world energy sector is characterized by high turbulence and dynamism of changes. The volatility of demand and prices for energy resources, increased competition in the global market, the evolution of the energy balance, the decrease in the role of traditional hydrocarbons and the progressive development of technological innovations significantly affect the efficiency of the implementation of the Russian gas complex in the Arctic. However, in addition to economic benefits, large-scale production of natural gas in the Arctic encompasses a wide range of issues: ensuring domestic needs for hydrocarbons and stable exports, minimizing environmental damage, organizing complex science-intensive industries and loading industrial capacities, developing transport and social infrastructure, creating new high- tech work places. In these conditions, long-term prospects and assessment of the development efficiency of complex industrial gas production complexes are determined taking into account environmental, economic, technological and social aspects. The analysis of the factors of instability of the world energy system and their influence on the efficiency of the development of gas fields in the Arctic zone was carried out. Target guidelines for the development of the Russian gas industry have been formulated in the context of national interests and priorities of socio-economic development and environmental safety. Indicators of economic development of industrial gas production complexes are proposed, takinging to account trends in the global energy market and the specifics of field development in the Arctic.
Penyalahgunaan Obat Tramadol Di Kalangan Remaja (Studi Kasus Pada Remaja Di Kabupaten Bima
Authors: Irham Muhammad Irham
Published: December 2021

Perilaku menyimpang yang dilakukan oleh remaja dari hari ke hari semakin kompleks, hal ini menimbulkan masalah tersendiri dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Untuk mencegah terjadinya perilaku menyimpang remaja, dibutuhkan peran kalangan yang terintegrasi dalam masyarakat, mulai dari orang tua, guru di sekolah, tokoh agama, tokoh masyarakat dan peranan lembaga kesejahteraan sosial. Untuk itu tujuan penelitian ini adalah (i) Untuk mengetahui dan memahami tentang peranan keluarga dalam mencegah penyalahgunaan obat terlarang. (ii) Untuk mengetahui dan memahami tentang latarbelakang terjadinya penyalahgunaan obat terlarang. (iii) Untuk mengetahui dan memahami tentang dampak psikologis pada remaja pengguna obat tramadol. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Studi kasus dengan pendekatan Kualitatif. Dengan lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Bima. Informan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari remaja pelaku tindakan menyimpang terhadap penyalahgunaan obat tramadol, orang tua remaja, pihak kepolisian, tokoh agama (guru mengaji). Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data atau penarikan kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kontrol sosial keluarga dalam mencegah perilaku menyimpang remaja dalam hal penyalahgunaan obat tramadol adalah dengan cara memberikan pengarahan dan pendekatan dalam bentuk bimbingan kepada remaja agar tidak melakukan penyimpangan dalam penyalahgunaan obat tramadol
Comparative Study of Local and Imported Enzymes in Improving the Nutritional Values of Agricultural Waste on Performance and Economic Efficiency of Iraqi Lambs
Authors: AL-Khateeb Mustafa , ALhmdani Adel , mohammed Sundus
Published: December 2021

In the current study, we use 25 local Iraqi lambs. With initial body weight (24) kg. The lambs were randomly divided into five treated groups, the first group without treatment as control, the second and third treated with 20%and 40% Agricultural Waste treated with trade enzymes, fourth and fifth treatment 20%and 40% Agricultural Waste treated with local enzymes. The result demonstrated a significant (P<0.01) increase in the quantity of roughages, total feed intake, Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) and Acid Detergent Fiber( ADF) and Lignin (ADL) in T5 followed by T4 compared with others treated groups and showed a significant (P<0.01) increase in the digestibility of NDF ,ADF in T4, T5 compare with other treated groups. While T5and T4 recorded Superiority increase in weight gain, and significant improvement in economic cost efficiency with ratio improvement of 5.90, 5.97 % respectively
Un caso de aneurisma coronario gigante en enfermedad de Kawasaki
Authors: Vargas Manuel , Record Javier
Published: December 2021

La enfermedad de Kawasaki es una vasculitis que afecta arterias de mediano calibre que ocurre predominantemente en la población pediátrica, de etiología desconocida. Si no es tratada tempranamente existe riesgo de desarrollo de complicaciones tan severas como el desarrollo de aneurismas de arterias coronarias, las cuales pueden estar relacionadas con el desarrollo de trombosis coronaria y riesgo de infarto de miocardio. Se han asociado diversos factores de riesgo de desarrollo de aneurismas coronarios como el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad o la edad del paciente, la importancia de la identificación de estos factores radica en la posibilidad de la pronta acción sobre aquellos que sean modificables en un intento de limitar el desarrollo de dichas complicaciones coronarias. El tratamiento a largo plazo para esta condición incluye terapia antiagregante y anticoagulante, ambas pueden representar un riesgo en sí mismas para el paciente además de ser limitantes para un paciente pediátrico por el riesgo de sangrado asociado a traumas (propios de la edad pediátrica).
Síndrome de Evans como manifestación inicial de lupus eritematoso sistémico
Authors: Escobar-Palma Hipolito , Ríos Rivera Karla Elizabeth , Preciado Cabezas Luz Esnedi , León Tapia Leonela Solange
Published: December 2021

El síndrome de Evans se caracteriza por la presentación simultánea de anemia hemolítica autoinmune y púrpura trombocitopénica inmune, puede presentarse como una patología aislada o como manifestación de una enfermedad sistémica.
Caso Clínico: Preescolar masculino de 3 años, diagnosticado de síndrome de Evans, requirió tratamiento con corticoides e inmunoglobulina por mala respuesta inmunológica, tres meses después de su diagnóstico inicial presento afectación renal, además de presentar autoanticuerpos positivos, por lo que se estableció diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico.
Conclusión: El síndrome de Evans es una entidad nosológica poco frecuente, ante su diagnóstico se debe descartar enfermedad sistémica subyacente.
Brote de 4 casos leptospirosis de un grupo familiar en zona rural tropical de Colombia: un reporte de caso
Authors: Salazar Urbano Andres Felipe , Luengas Monroy Miguel Ángel , Ruiz Palma Erika Alejandra
Published: December 2021

La leptospirosis es una zoonosis con manifestaciones clínicas causadas por espiroquetas patógenas del género Leptospira spp. Su curso puede ser desde enfermedad leve hasta un síndrome ictero-hemorrágico severo denominado enfermedad de Weil. Se estudió un brote epidemiológico constituido por una serie de cuatro casos de leptospirosis de severidad moderada a severa, ocurridos en una zona rural de clima tropical en los llanos orientales de Colombia, a 450 metros sobre el nivel del mar en una familia visitante en Puerto Lleras, Meta, Colombia. Probablemente secundario al consumo de aguas contaminadas por orina de roedores. Las pacientes fueron ingresadas bajo la sospecha de un síndrome ictérico de origen infeccioso con un falso positivo para antígeno de superficie de hepatitis B. Dos pacientes desarrollaron síndrome de Weil asociado a microangiopatía trombótica por lo que requirieron manejo en unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) sin embargo, una de ellas fallece y las otras dos pacientes desarrollan signos y síntomas moderados evidenciando un curso variable de la enfermedad. En nuestro país existe una sobre notificación de síndromes febriles, ictéricos e icterohemorragicos de diferentes etiologías y difícil diagnóstico por lo que la leptospirosis tiende a ser confundida o ignorada como diferencial en muchos casos.
Características sociodemográficas que influyen en el embarazo en la adolescencia
Authors: Gongora Avila Cesar Ramon , Fernández-Borrego Dianelis , Mejias-Arencibia Roberto Alejandro , Vázquez-Carvajal Lisandra , Frías-Pérez Annalie Elizabeth
Published: December 2021

Introducción: el embarazo en la adolescencia constituye un alarmante problema de salud; describir las características que influyen en su aparición permite desarrollar actividades de promoción de salud encaminadas a mejorar dicha situación. Objetivo: describir las características sociodemográficas que influyen el embarazo en la adolescencia. Métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal en gestantes adolescentes pertenecientes al Policlínico Docente “7 de noviembre” del municipio Majibacoa durante el año 2020. El universo estuvo constituido por 34 gestantes adolescentes; se trabajó con la totalidad de estas. Se analizaron las variables: edad materna, características sociodemográficas, factores de riesgo familiares, factores de riesgo sociales y económicos y deserción escolar. Resultados: el 55,9% de las gestantes tenía entre 18 y 19 años. El 47% tenían nivel preuniversitario, el 52,9% eran estudiantes; el 67,6% se encontraban en unión y la mayoría tuvo su primera relación sexual después de los 14 años (58,8%). El 32,4% de las gestantes adolescentes eran hijas de madres con algún embarazo en la adolescencia. Se observó con mayor preponderancia el per cápita familiar bajo como factor de riesgo socioeconómico (43,8%). El 58,8% abandonaron sus estudios. Conclusiones: el inicio precoz de las relaciones sexuales, el antecedente de madres con embarazos en la adolescencia, el per cápita familiar bajo favorecen la aparición de una gestación en la adolescencia, donde la mayoría de las veces estas deciden abandonar sus estudios.
Síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico pediátrico vinculado a SARS-CoV-2, una entidad severa e impredecible.
Authors: Grau Vilanova Anna , Cervilla Maldonado Mari Carmen
Published: December 2021

La infección por COVID-19 en la población pediátrica tiene un curso leve en la mayoría de los casos. Sin embargo, en abril de 2020 se reportan por primera vez casos de niños que presentan un cuadro clínico compatible con un síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico de expresividad clínica variable y que se vincula a una infección reciente o activa por SARS-CoV-2. En este reporte se presenta un caso de síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico pediátrico vinculado a SARS-CoV-2 (SIM-PedS) cuyo diagnóstico fue dificultoso dada la variabilidad clínica del mismo. Se muestra el diagnóstico diferencial llevado a cabo y se pone de manifiesto la necesidad de tener en cuenta todos los signos y síntomas para poder llevar a cabo el diagnóstico de forma precoz, un manejo óptimo y disminuir la morbimortalidad secundaria. Este síndrome comparte rasgos clínicos y analíticos similares a la enfermedad de Kawasaki y al síndrome de shock tóxico o de activación macrofágica. Esto dificulta llegar al diagnóstico de forma precoz, precisando una valoración multidisciplinar por parte de diferentes especialistas pediátricos, así como seguir unas recomendaciones y protocolos para el diagnóstico, estabilización y tratamiento con el objetivo de homogeneizar el manejo en los diferentes centros de urgencia y hospitalización.
Gestión de la mano de obra y evaluación de indicadores de recolección de café en Colombia.
Authors: García-Osorio Hernando
Published: December 2021

Para contribuir a la búsqueda de alternativas que permitan compensar la escasez de la mano de obra en la recolección de café en Colombia, se estableció en dos estaciones experimentales de Cenicafé una estrategia de gestión de la mano de obra para esta labor, asignando a diferentes parcelas del mismo tamaño, una cantidad determinada de recolectores (grupos de 1, 2, 4 y 6) para evaluar los indicadores de la recolección y establecer la relación con el rendimiento operativo (kg h-1). Se registró el número de frutos maduros dejados en el árbol (eficacia), número de frutos maduros y verdes dejados en el suelo (pérdidas), número de frutos verdes en la masa cosechada (calidad de la recolección) y el tiempo en realizar la labor. No se observó una relación del rendimiento operativo de cada grupo de recolectores con los indicadores de la recolección; sin embargo, se encontró que al analizar por sí sola la eficiencia en la recolección, los rendimientos promedio operativo de los recolectores en los grupos con uno, dos y seis operarios asignados por parcela, fueron estadísticamente mayores al rendimiento promedio nacional de la recolección de café (11,8 kg h-1), indicando que grupos de uno o dos recolectores podrían llegar a recolectar la misma cantidad de café que grupos de hasta seis operarios por parcela. Este resultado muestra la posibilidad de establecer estrategias para la cosecha de café con pocos recolectores y adoptar conjuntamente los nuevos sistemas de recolección generados por Cenicafé, ante escenarios de escasez de mano de obra.
Akademik Çalışmalara Göre Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Karşılaşılan Güncel Sorunlar
Authors: MUTLU Hasan Hüseyin , GÜMÜŞ Engin
Published: December 2021

Çalışmanın amacı, Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde yaşanan sorunlarla ilgili yapılan araştırmaları analiz etmek ve var olan sorunları araştırmalar doğrultusunda ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda 2010-2020 yılları arasında yayınlanıp ULAKBİM TR DİZİN’de taranan dergilerde yayınlanan 81 makale ile 2018-2020 yılları arasında ulusal tez veri tabanında yayınlanan 70 yüksek lisans tezi, 12 doktora tezi incelenmiştir. Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi ile ilgili yapılan sorun temelli çalışmaların çoğunlukla TR DİZİN’de taranan dergilerde yayınlanması, bu dergilere ulaşılabilirliğin kolay olması bunun yanı sıra özellikle ulusal dizinlerde akademik ölçütler kapsamında saygınlığının ve geçerliğinin yüksek olması nedeniyle ULAKBİM TR DİZİN’de yayınlanan makalelerin incelenmesinin daha uygun olacağı düşünülmüştür. Diğer yandan bilimsel süreçler ve ölçütler göz önünde bulundurularak kitap çalışmaları kapsam dışında tutulmuştur. Nitel yaklaşımın temel alındığı bu çalışma, durum çalışması yöntemine göre desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri doküman incelemesi yöntemi ile toplanmış, içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında incelenen 81 makale, 70 yüksek lisans tezi, 12 doktora tezinden elde edilen verilere göre yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde karşılaşılan sorunlar belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre bunlar; Türkçe Eğitimi Lisans Programı’ndaki yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi dersinin yetersiz olması, ders araç-gereçlerinin yetersizliği, dil bilgisi öğretiminde karşılaşılan sorunlar, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminin lisans programı olarak ayrı bir ana bilim dalı hâline getirilmemesi, öğretim sürecinde görev alan dil öğreticilerinin yetersizliklerinden kaynaklanan sorunlar, yöntem sorunu, program sorunu, Türkçenin temel söz varlığını belirleme çalışmalarının yetersizliği, homojen sınıflar oluşturmanın zorluğu, öğrencilerin Türkçeye yönelik tutumları, alfabe sorunu, diksiyon sorunu, yazma becerisinde karşılaşılan sorunlar şeklinde sıralanmıştır.
Serum Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction and Growth Perspective in Egyptian Children
Authors: El Wakeel Maged A. , El-Kassas Ghada M. , Hashem Shaimaa A. , Hasanin Hasanin M. , Ali Walaa H. , Elkhatib Alshaimaa A. , Sibaii Hiba , Fadl Nevein N.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is a chronic subclinical condition, contributed to limited sources and poor countries. EED pathology is concerned with small intestine structure and function, which affect the macronutrients and micronutrients absorption with consequent growth faltering.
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate some serum biomarkers involved in EED and determine their association with stunting and faltering growth in children; zonulin, endotoxin core antibody (EndoCAb), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), serum iron, and Vitamins A and D.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This case–control study enrolled 105 children aged from 1 to 10 years old, having weight-for-age z-scores and height-for-age z-scores (WAZ or HAZ) ranging from −1.5 to −2. They were compared with control group consisted of 100 children having WAZ or HAZ > −1 of matched age and sex. Assessment of serum markers levels of enteric dysfunction (zonulin and EndoCAb), markers of systemic inflammation (Hs CRP and AGP), along with serum micronutrients (vitamin A, vitamin D and iron) in children with malnutrition in comparison to controls.
RESULTS: There was a highly significant decrease as regarding the anthropometric measurements; weight, height, BMI, and arm circumference. Moreover, significant increase in serum zonulin, EndoCAb, HsCRP, and AGP and highly significant decrease of serum Vitamin D and iron in cases group as compared to control group. Height Z score showed negative correlation with zonulin, HsCRP, and AGP and positive correlation with Vitamin D. Weight Z score showed negative correlation with zonulin, HsCRP, and AGP and positive correlation with Vitamin D and Vitamin A. Regression analysis noted increase of zonulin and α1AGP as high associative markers with height Z score affection, however, increase of zonulin was high associative markers with weight Z score affection.
CONCLUSION: Faltering growth is associated with elevated serum systemic markers of intestinal inflammation (HsCRP and α1AGP). EED may be a cause of faltering growth.
Higher developmental temperature increases queen production and decreases worker body size in the bumblebee Bombus terrestris
Authors: Guiraud Marie , Cariou Bérénice , Henrion Maxime , Baird Emily , Gérard Maxence
Published: December 2021

Climate change and increasing average temperatures are now affecting most ecosystems. Social insects such as bumblebees are especially impacted because these changes create spatial, temporal and morphological mismatches that could impede their ability to find food resources and mate. However, few studies have assessed how the colony and life cycle are affected when temperatures rise above optimal rearing temperature. It has become imperative to understand how heat stress affects the life history traits of insect pollinators as well as how changes in life history interact with other traits like morphology. For example, a decrease in the number of foraging workers could be balanced by producing larger workers, able to forage at longer distances and gather more resources. Here, we investigated the impact of temperature on colony production and body size in the bumblebee Bombus terrestris. Colonies were exposed to two temperatures: 25 °C, which is around the optimal temperature for larval development and 33 °C, which is slightly above the set-point that is considered stressful for bumblebees. Although the production of males and workers wasn’t significantly affected by these different temperatures, queen production and reproductive investment were much higher for colonies placed in 33 °C than in 25 °C. We also found that, in agreement with the temperature-size rule, workers were significantly smaller in the higher temperature. The decrease in worker body size could affect resource collection and pollination if their foraging distance and the quantity of food they are taking back to the colony decreases. While in our controlled conditions the bumblebees were fed ad libitum, the decrease of resource collection in field conditions could prevent colonies from producing as many queens as in our study. Together with the decrease of worker body size, our results suggest that elevated temperatures could ultimately have a negative impact on bumblebee colony fitness. Indeed, smaller workers are known to have weaker flight performance which could affect foraging performance and consequently colony development.
First record of the bee genus Bathanthidium (Bathanthidium s. str.) Mavromoustakis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) from Vietnam: Description of a new species and a key to species
Authors: Tran Thi Ngat , Truong Lam Xuan , Ljubomirov Toshko , Nguyen Lien Thi Phuong
Published: December 2021

The little-known bee genusBathanthidiumMavromoustakis, 1953 of the family Megachilidae is reported for the first time from Vietnam. A new species,Bathanthidium(Bathanthidium s. str.) paco Tran & Nguyen,sp. nov.from Hoa Binh province is described and illustrated. A nest of the new species is reported from a wooden house. An updated identification key to all known species of the subgenus Bathanthidium s. str. is also provided.
Azteca ants repair damage to their Cecropia host plants
Authors: Wcislo Alex , Graham Xavier , Stevens Stan , Toppe Johannes Ehoulé , Wcislo Lucas , Wcislo William T.
Published: December 2021

Some Azteca ants are well-known symbionts that defend their Cecropia host plants against herbivory, although there is considerable variability in behavior among colonies, conditions, and species. In exchange, ants receive food, and also shelter within the plants’ internodes. Here we demonstrate that ants repair damage to the host plant when their brood is directly threatened. Using comminuted plant fibers and an unidentified binding liquid (probably plant sap) ants generally began patching holes in the tree trunk immediately, and significantly reduced the size of the hole 2.5 hours after it was created, and they generally completed the repairs within 24 hours.
Exploration de la valeur des groupes de rencontre aujourd’hui : pertinence, but et importance
Authors: Haley Jules , Yates Rachel , Leal Mauricio
Published: December 2021

Dans la première partie de cet article de réflexion personnelle, nous décrivons le dispositif du Central London PCA Encounter Group , un groupe de rencontre qui s’est déroulé au Royaume-Uni ces deux dernières années à un rythme mensuel. Nous explorons la motivation à mettre en place un tel groupe, la philosophie de la facilitation, les défis du rôle des facilitateurs, le conflit et les qualités attitudinales dans le groupe, ainsi que sa diversité et son évolution. Dans la seconde partie, nous introduisons et analysons en détail une petite partie d’une recherche qualitative conduite avec les participants du groupe de rencontre, en examinant cinq thèmes émergeant de la recherche : l’inconnu, la connexion, l’appartenance à un groupe, le conflit, le développement personnel. Une synthèse est élaborée en conclusion.
Le syndrome d’Asperger : une approche centrée sur le client
Authors: Buck Michaella , Buck David P. , Alleaume Baptiste
Published: December 2021

Les auteurs donnent un descriptif et une explication historiques sur le syndrome d’Asperger. Ils affirment que la thérapie centrée sur le client est appropriée avec les clients qui ont un manque de relation affective avec les autres. Ils illustrent également leur propos par une étude de cas traitant de l’application de la thérapie centrée sur la personne avec un client souffrant du syndrome d’Asperger.
Imaginaires de la mer : du passé aux futurs
Authors: Kalaora Bernard , Lacroix Denis
Published: December 2021

Poursuivant la série consacrée à la mer et aux océans, cette interview de Bernard Kalaora offre au lecteur un texte résolument différent de nos articles habituels, fort d’un regard à la fois philosophique, anthropologique et poétique sur ce que l’espace marin a apporté et peut apporter à nos sociétés profondément terriennes. Au travers de la façon dont ont évolué les perceptions de la mer au fil du temps, tant dans la littérature, la peinture, les représentations scientifiques, etc., Bernard Kalaora souligne l’importance du vivant et des interactions entre tous ses éléments, de l’acceptation de l’incertitude, des risques et du mystère. Il propose une vraie leçon d’écologie visant à nous faire prendre conscience, dans le contexte actuel de changement climatique et de finitude de notre planète, des apports et richesses que l’océan comporte dans la perspective d’une nouvelle alliance durable entre l’homme et la nature. Entre le propos que tient Bernard Kalaora et ce que nous avons pu observer à Glasgow lors de la 26 e conférence des parties à la Convention-cadre des Nations unies sur les changements climatiques (COP26) s’agissant des actions que s’engagent à entreprendre les États — à mille lieux des mesures qui devraient s’imposer —, on mesure le défi que constitue une véritable transition écologique ! S.D.
Faire bouger le soleil. Technique et esthétique du spectacle solaire dans Mirame de Desmarets de Saint-Sorlin
Authors: Dickhaut Kirsten
Published: December 2021

La critique s’est peu intéressée à l’histoire de Mirame . Cette tragi-comédie est surtout connue pour deux raisons. Premièrement, elle a été choisie pour l’inauguration de la grande salle du Palais-Cardinal en 1641. Elle représente ainsi une œuvre clé dans l’histoire de la politique du théâtre en France. La première a eu lieu quelques semaines avant la publication de la « déclaration du roi au sujet des comédiens ». Deuxièmement, elle marque l’introduction de la scénographie italienne en France avec ses machineries et ainsi le début d’un genre nouveau, le théâtre à machine à la française. L’article se focalise sur les machines nouvelles qui ont tant été louées à l’époque pour leurs innovations. Gian Mariani, en mettant en œuvre Mirame en France, réalise de nouvelles machines qui font bouger le soleil et la lune sur scène. Le soleil représente alors trois dimensions qui structurent l’argumentation, d’abord le souhait de renforcer l’illusion d’une représentation « naturelle » avec le changement des heures et de la lumière, ensuite l’implication de la position du soleil par rapport à la terre (géocentrisme), et enfin les métaphores du soleil et de la lumière dans la pièce. Mirame témoigne ainsi d’une culture de l’évidence de la foi chrétienne.
Les connotations éthiques de l’esthétique de la machine : Psyché de Molière
Authors: Winkens Alisa
Published: December 2021

L’objet central de cet article est le lien entre l’esthétique de la machine et ses connotations éthiques. Il se penche sur cette interaction à partir de l’exemple de Psyché , tragédie-ballet de Molière, en étudiant la corrélation entre la dynamique dramaturgique déclenchée par la machine et la catégorisation éthique des personnages émanant du spectateur. Au cœur de l’analyse figurent trois concepts éthiques : l’éthique aristotélicienne de la vertu, le stoïcisme et la kalokagathia .
Machines et machinations dans La Conquête de la Toison d’or de Corneille
Authors: Seibel Selina
Published: December 2021

Cet article traite les analogies entre l’emploi des machines et les machinations des personnages dans La Conquête de la Toison d’or de Corneille. Cette imbrication est particulièrement emblématique dans le personnage de Médée, qui utilise les machines pour ses machinations, mais devient victime d’une machination qui fonctionne via les machines, mais surtout via la rhétorique. L’analyse relève ainsi les liens entre les discours tenus par les personnages et les informations sur les machines que donnent les didascalies.
Éblouissement, réflexion, réticence : la critique de la représentation dans la tragédie à machines du second XVII e siècle
Authors: Guyot Sylvaine
Published: December 2021

La tragédie à machines des années 1660-1670 se saisit de sujets ovidiens pour ouvrir une réflexion sur la fabrique de l’adhésion par le spectaculaire et les ambivalences d’une esthétique de la commotion visuelle. En renvoyant le pouvoir éblouissant des machines à un éclat destructeur ou trompeur, certaines scènes machinées expriment une réticence à l’égard du régime de théâtralité théologico-politique dont elles dramatisent les points aveugles, pour faire valoir en contraste le modèle galant d’un sublime mêlé de plaisir délicat.
Économie sociale d’insertion : entre logique du travail social et logique de gestion
Authors: Sacco Muriel
Published: December 2021

Vu la propension de l’économie sociale à engager des personnes bénéficiant d’un contrat d’insertion (article 60 § 7) ou d’une aide à l’emploi, l’économie sociale constitue à la fois un agent de la mise en œuvre des politiques du workfare et une street-level organization . Toutefois, son équilibre dépend également d’une certaine rentabilité de ses activités productives. L’enjeu de cet article est de saisir comment les logiques non marchandes et marchandes se combinent dans la fonction d’encadrement de ces travailleurs ; celle-ci étant peu codifiée, elle laisse une certaine discrétion à ceux qui l’endossent. L’article se centre sur des situations problématiques, et s’appuie sur une observation ethnographique menée entre 2017 et 2019 dans une structure d’économie sociale d’insertion en Belgique francophone.
La liberté de consentir
Authors: Mornet Joseph
Published: December 2021

Interroger la liberté de consentir conduit Joseph Mornet à confronter deux notions entrant en tension : le consentement et la liberté. Il expose cette confrontation selon deux axes, l’un individuel et, l’autre, collectif. La première partie, centrée sur la dimension individuelle, s’intitule « Le consentement des mineurs ». Elle prend pour point départ le récit de Vanessa Springora, Le consentement , publié en 2021, en retenant cette question centrale : comment admettre avoir été abusée quand je ne peux pas nier avoir été « consentante » ? Quel longueur de temps faut-il pour se déprendre d’une culpabilité accumulée au fil des années ? La réflexion met en jeu la liberté et le mal, lequel fonde l’interdit. Une lecture de la Genèse montre un être humain, chassé du Paradis, privé de discernement entre le bien et le mal, partagé entre cette incertitude et la tentation. L’histoire de l’art et de la littérature abondent en illustrations : tout dernièrement, en 2021, La familia grande de Camille Kouchner, récit de l’obscur consentement familial ou, antérieurement, en 1974, le film de Liliana Cavani, Le Portier de nuit , montrant , entre l’acceptation et la répulsion, ce qui conduit à accepter l’inacceptable. La deuxième partie, intitulée « Le consentement génocidaire » s’intéresse à la dimension collective, exposée en quatre temps. Le premier rappelle comment Hannah Arendt a conçu la notion de « banalité du mal », en l’étendant jusqu’à une complicité des victimes. Le second traite des « exécuteurs » : comment le régime nazi a voulu réaliser un État moderne d’efficacité en subordonnant sa politique à l’extermination des Juifs et comment des hommes « normaux » ont commis des meurtres de masse, tant en Allemagne qu’en Yougoslavie ou au Rwanda. Le troisième l’éclaire par le déni, un clivage psychique permettant de fermer les yeux sur l’inacceptable. Le film Les chatouilles , d’Andréa Bescond et d’ Eric Métayer, sorti en 2018, l’illustre. Le quatrième met en évidence le rôle de l’environnement social pouvant faire croire que l’acte de consentir obéit à notre seule liberté. En conclusion, le dernier mot revient à qualifier le consentement de complexe, inséparable des déterminations sociales et de l’inconscient. Freud met en garde contre la simplification naïve et insiste sur un jeu complexe entre Éros et Thanatos.