bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New U.S.‐U.S.S.R. Seismological Program
Authors: Berger J. , Brune J.N. , Bodin P. A. , Gomberg J. S. , Carrel D. M. , Priestley K. F. , Chavez D. E. , Walter W. R. , Archambeau C. B. , Cochran T. B. , Nersesov I. L. , Gokhberg M. B. , Stolyrov O. A. , Daragen S. K. , Tarassov N. D. , Sutelov Y. A.
Published: October 2011

On July 9, 1986, a team of researchers from the University of California, San Diego; University of Nevada, Reno; and the University of Colorado, Boulder established the first of three seismic stations to be located in the vicinity of the Soviet nuclear test site in eastern Kazakhstan (KTS) (see cover). Under an agreement reached between the Soviet Academy of Sciences and the Natural Resources Defense Council, a nonprofit U.S. environmental organization, these stations, which are configured to meet the specifications of the proposed new global seismographic network [Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), 1984], will be complemented by three similarly equipped stations to be installed in the vicinity of the U.S. nuclear test site in southern Nevada (NTS). The stations are to be operated cooperatively by Soviet and U.S. personnel (Figure 1).
Spring Meeting sail‐in
Authors: Hanshaw Bruce B.
Published: October 2011

In May 1986, Ian MacGregor and I sailed into Baltimore's Inner Harbor to live aboard my boat while we attended the AGU Spring Meeting. During our stay at the Marina, which is only 400–500 m from the Convention Center, we ran into AGU members from several other boats. From these chance encounters an idea was born: Why not have a more coordinated sail‐in for the meeting in 1987!! I have offered to act as the commodore/coordinator for this informal event. I'm willing to keep track of the boats that wish dock space and make arrangements with the marina so that boats associated with the sail‐in will be together on one “finger” pier.
Polar Research Fellowship offered
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A postdoctoral fellowship program for researchers working on arctic and antarctic research problems is being offered by the Institute of Polar Studies of the Ohio State University (Columbus). The purpose of the Byrd Fellowship program is to provide fellowships at Ohio State for men and women with distinguished academic backgrounds who are pursuing advanced research in any area of this field.

The 1‐year postdoctoral award will include a stipend of $24,000 and a research and travel allowance of $3000. The Fellow should have received a Ph.D. degree within 5 years of selection for the program. Selection will be made by a committee consisting of the director of the Institute of Polar Studies and other members from the university and polar studies communities.
A new airgun array for Conrad
Authors: Diebold John B.
Published: October 2011

The research vessel Robert D. Conrad, owned by the U.S. Navy and operated by Lamont‐Doherty Geological Observatory (LDGO) of Columbia University (Palisades, N.Y.), is a multi‐use ship that is principally employed for marine geology and geophysics surveys. For the last 10 years, the Conrad has had a multichannel seismic (MCS) capability, which is used to determine deep structure and velocity of the suboceanic crust around the world. While it is expected that the Conrad will be replaced by a new vessel sometime in the 1990s, the needs of current and future projects required that her MCS capability be upgraded and enhanced now. The National Oceanic Reflection Profiling Organization (NORPO) recommended in 1985 that up to $2 million be invested in the immediate upgrading of the MCS capability of the U.S. academic research fleet (see “Marine Multichannel Seismology Workshop ” in Eos, February 11, 1986, p. 70). This recommendation bore first fruit in late 1985, when The National Science Foundation (NSF) granted $425,000, matched by $ 100, 000 in Lamont‐Doherty institutional funds, for an upgrade to the seismic source system on the Conrad.
Memoirs of a Computer Pioneer
Authors: Gillmor C. Stewart
Published: October 2011

Maurice Wilkes is generally known today as the first professor of computers at Cambridge University (Cambridge, U. K. ), director of the Mathematical Laboratory (later Computer Laboratory) there, and designer of the Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC) computer, the first operational machine to utilize the concept of stored program. His autobiography, Memoirs of a Computer Pioneer, should be of interest to geophysicists for at least several reasons.
February streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A wrap‐up of February flows at selected sites across the country showed that ∼75% of the nation's streams were at average to above‐average volumes, with record high flows for the month in Florida, New Mexico, and Utah, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). USGS hydrologists in Salt Lake City, Utah, said that the level of the Great Salt Lake continued to rise during February, moving up about 3 in. (∼8 cm). The lake level on March 1 was 4211.65 ft (∼1283. 71 m) above sea level (asl). The lake is now 0.20 ft (∼6.1cm) below last year's peak elevation of 4211.85 ft (∼1283.77 m) and 1.75 ft (∼0 .53 m) above the March 1, 1986, measurement of 4209.90 ft (∼1283.18 m) asl. The Great Salt Lake reached the highest point in its 1986 seasonal rise and its highest level of record on June 3, 1986.
Position of the South Magnetic Pole, January 1986
Authors: Barton C. E.
Published: October 2011

The present location of the South Magnetic Pole (SMP) in the southern ocean provides an opportunity to determine its position well removed from local (coastal) anomalies. An experiment is being conducted jointly by the Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources and Antarctic Division, Department of Science to make direct shipboard observations of the position and daily motion of the SMP. The technique involves determination of the horizontal component of the field (H) by using a gimbal‐mounted three‐axis fluxgate magnetometer. First‐order compensation for the magnetic effects of the vessel is provided by a system of Helmholtz coils. During observations, the vessel is spun about a vertical axis so that any residual horizontal field due to the vessel can be eliminated by integration along two horizontal axes fixed in space.
GP Student Awards
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The GP Section has initiated the selection of meritorious student papers at both Spring and Fall Meetings. At the present time, selection is limited to oral presentations whose first author (and presenter) is an AGU student member. Such papers are identified on the abstract form, and this information supplied to the section by AGU. A three‐person committee, arranged by the secretary, is responsible for attending the paper presentations and making the final decisions. Consideration is given to oral presentation, visual presentation, content, methodology, response to questions, and overall impression.
The Propagation of Radio Waves: The Theory of Radio Waves of Low Power in the Ionosphere and Magnetosphere
Authors: Gordon W. E.
Published: October 2011

This is a most welcome addition to the library of books on radio waves in the ionosphere. The standard references in the western world are all quite old, although they are still remarkably useful: S.K. Mitra's The Upper Atmosphere (Asiatic Society, Calcutta, India, 1952), K.G. Budden's Radio Waves in the Ionosphere (Cambridge University Press, London, 1961), and K. Davies' Ionospheric Radio Waves (Blaisdell, Waltham, Mass., 1969). In the eastern world, Y.L. Alpert and V.L. Ginzburg are the authorities, and both now have volumes in English: Alpert's The Near Earth and Interplanetary Plasmas (volumes 1 and 2, Cambridge University Press, London, 1983) and Ginzburg's The Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in Plasmas (Pergamon, New York, 1970).
Olivine‐spinel transition and the 400‐km discontinuity
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The sequence of high‐pressure phase transitions α‐olivine → β‐modified spinel → γ‐spinel is commonly used as a model for upper mantle seismic velocity increases in the 200–650‐km depth interval. The widths of seismic transition zones and the corresponding divariant (e.g., α+β and β+γ) mineral stability fields are important criteria for correlating velocity variations with phase changes. Divariant mineral stability fields are poorly known for mantle molar Mg/(Mg+Fe) ratios (about 0.9), but C.R. Bina and B.J. Wood of the Department of Geological Sciences, Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.), have demonstrated that these fields can be constrained by requiring the Mg2SiO4 ‐Fe2SiO4 phase diagram to be consistent with known thermochemical data. They have derived an internally consistent phase diagram (Figure 1) based on available calorimetric, thermoelastic, and synthetic data. They find that the divariant transition a → α + β → β , which is generally regarded as occurring over a broad depth interval, is in fact extremely sharp. For mantle olivine compositions the transition takes place over a pressure interval of only about 2 kbar. The sharpness of this transition, claim the authors, is quite insensitive to uncertainties in the constraining thermodynamic data.
James J. McCarthy: Global Biogeochemical Cycles editor
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

The last decade has witnessed the emergence of a new emphasis on processes that influence the global chemical environment, and AGU's newest journal will aim “to attract the best papers and, importantly, stimulate research in this area,” according to James J. McCarthy, editor of Global Biogeochemical Cycles. The journal's first issue just came out (see page 177).
The Cretaceous‐Tertiary boundary events: External or internal causes?
Authors: Courtillo Vincent E. , Cisowski Stanley
Published: October 2011

Alvarez [1986] recently summarized in Eos the evidence for the hypothesis that an impact was actually responsible for the terminal Cretaceous events. Alvarez reviewed the physical and chemical evidence for an impact; at the same time, he provided an interesting account of how quickly ideas evolved after the original discovery, by himself and his colleagues [Alvarez et al., 1980], of a conspicuous iridium anomaly at the Cretaceous‐Tertiary boundary (also known as the KTB). An alternate hypothesis is a volcanic (either quiet basaltic or violent siliceous) origin for the KTB [e.g, Officer and Drake, 1983, 1985]. Alvarez summarized his observations with a table [Alvarez, 1986, Table 1, p. 649] in which each hypothesis is tested against the following evidence: iridium, spherules, shocked quartz, soot, and worldwide distribution. The “yes” and “no” answers to these tests are, of course, a function of present data and knowledge. The purpose of this article is to stress that answers have changed rapidly in recent years and may still evolve, and also that Alvarez's declaration that the case for a volcanic cause is extinct may be somewhat premature.
Acid rain options modeled
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

Results from new computer models that could allow policymakers to compare different strategies for controlling acid rain will be presented at the AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore, Md., May 18–21, 1987. The optimization models, developed by scientists from the Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore, Md.), are set up so that competing goals—for instance, reducing the deposition of sulfur without wiping out the high‐sulfur coal industry— can be taken into account.
U.S., France plan ocean study
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) recently announced plans to conduct joint oceanographic investigations on the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge from 1990 to 1992, according to an announcement from NOAA. The multidisciplinary project will focus on the structure, dynamics, and composition of the deep sea floor, the circulation and dispersion of hydrothermal fluids, the related biological communities, and the presence of metalliferous deposits on the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge. Several U.S. and French agencies will participate in the project, which is a continuation of work by the two countries on the East Pacific Rise.
Continental Scientific Drilling Workshop
Authors: Papike J. J. , Stehli F. G.
Published: October 2011

The Second Continental Scientific Drilling Program Workshop took place June 12–14, 1986, on the campus of the South Dakota School of Mines and Technology in Rapid City. Like the workshop held in Houston a year earlier, the Rapid City workshop was sponsored by the Department of Energy (DOE), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The NSF portion of the Continental Scientific Drilling Program (CSDP) is administered by a consortium of 36 universities through a nonprofit corporation named Deep Observation and Sampling of the Earth' Continental Crust, Inc., or more simply, DOSECC.
March streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

With the exception of a broad band in the Great Lakes‐Ohio Valley region and a small area in the far west, most of the nation's streams experienced a very wet March. One third of the key index streams across the country experienced average to well above average flows, and record high flows were set for the month in New York, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and New Mexico, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Of the 173 key index streamflow‐gaging stations that are routinely monitored by the USGS, 58 stations (33%) reported well above average flows for the month, 81 stations (47%) reported average flows, and 34 stations (20%) reported well below average flows.
Procedure for developing Union position
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

1. Position statements will be restricted to those issues that fall within the guidelines approved by the Council. 2. Requests for position statements are referred immediately to the Public Affairs Committee. 3. If a request seems to fall within Union guidelines, the committee will recommend that the President of the Union appoint an independent panel charged with drafting a statement. The panel will include at least one member nominated by the Public Affairs Committee, the originator of the request, and one member of Council. 4. The Council and the membership will be informed that the panel is working on the issue and that comments are welcome. 5. The panel will prepare a statement for circulation to the Council of the Union. 6. Members of Council (or Executive Committee when timeliness is critical) will be asked to vote or to comment on the proposed statement. This vote is to be taken at regularly scheduled meetings except where timeliness is critical. Concurrence of two thirds is required for adoption. 7. All adopted position statements will be published in Eos as soon as possible. 8. Once a statement has been approved, the Public Affairs Committee will endeavor to apply its expertise to making advocacy of its contents as effective as possible.
CO2 and other trace gases
Authors: Halpern David
Published: October 2011

The first in a series of Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) multidisciplinary colloquiums emphasizing interactions of global processes of the earth system was held at JPL (Pasadena, Calif.) on January 15, 1987. This JPL Colloquium on Global Interactions, titled “Carbon Dioxide and Other Trace Gases,” focused upon the role of the ocean and biosphere in global greenhouse warming and upon opportunities for space research missions. As illustrated in Figure 1, the spatial and time scales of this phenomenon encom‐passes the globe and is of the order of 100 years. Greenhouse warming is the culmination of many phenomena interacting on different time and space scales.
Peer review and the pork barrel
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

Unless and until Congress establishes a large‐scale program to improve academic research facilities, researchers (or groups that represent them) should try to convince Congress that some sort of merit review should be applied to the “pork barrel” system of research facilities funding now in operation, according to a working committee set up last fall by the Association of American Universities (AAU) and five other higher education groups. In recent years, an increasing number of colleges and universities have sought and received direct congressional appropriations earmarked for their research facilities without conventional merit review, against the objections of groups like AAU.
GALE improves snow forecasting
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Scientific results from an intensive study of winter storms on the U.S. East Coast last year contributed to improved weather forecasts of two successive snowstorms that virtually closed down Washington, D.C., for several days in January 1987.

In the Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment (GALE) field project, scientists took detailed measurements simultaneously from the atmosphere and the ocean to study how these features interact at various stages of an East Coast winter storm, according to project director Richard Dirks, who is with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colo. “It's interesting that we actually had four storms [in the GALE study] that were of similar intensity to the two East Coast storms” in January 1987, Dirks said. “However, last year the temperatures were warmer, and the storm tracks were located somewhat further offshore and therefore did not significantly affect the northeast corridor with heavy snows.”
Geodesy solves 900,000 equations simultaneously
Authors: Bossler John D.
Published: October 2011

By combining 19th‐century ideas with 20th‐century computing power, geodesists with National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Geodetic Survey have succeeded in solving 1.8 million equations (observations) with 900,000 unknowns. This is one of the largest (if not the largest) systems of equations that have been solved simultaneously. This feat results in a geodetic network for North America that is one of the best of its kind in the world. The mammoth project took about 350 staff years of effort over a period of 12 years.
Comet tail bent by solar wind
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A bend in the tail of Comet Halley was caused by a disturbance in the solar wind, according to astronomers at the Joint Observatory for Cometary Research (JOCR), near Socorro, N. Mex. This photograph, which was taken on March 22, 1986, was made with a 56‐cm telescope at the observatory. JOCR is operated as a cooperative activity of the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center. In this photograph, Halley's tail stretches 8.3 degrees across the sky, or about 19 million km. The bright star in the corner of the photo is Zeta Sagittarius, the sixth brightest star in Sagittarius. (Photograph courtesy of NASA.)
The Alaska Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Facility Project
Authors: Carsey F. , Jezek K. , Miller J. , Weeks W. , Weller G.
Published: October 2011

A receiving station for the acquisition and processing of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is being established by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. The data that will be received from a number of SAR satellites that are to be launched starting in 1990 will allow U.S. researchers to study sea ice, oceanographic and geological features, hydrological processes, glaciers, and vegetation cover in Alaska and its surrounding seas.
USGS sets goals for U.S. Earth science needs
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Citing the importance of the earth sciences in meeting the resource needs of the nation, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has outlined its current goals in meeting its mission to provide essential geologic, topographic, and hydrologic information in service to the public. Some highlights of selected USGS goals that are designed to meet national needs related to the hydrologic sciences include

Timely Reporting of Events and Conditions: Provide timely reporting, and forecasts when possible, of important hydrologic and geologic events and conditions of immediate concern to the public and to government bodies.

Water Resources Assessment: Increase knowledge of the distribution and quality of the nation's groundwater and surface water resources for use in the formulation and evaluation of policies and programs that assure the most efficient use of the nation's water resources.

Hydrologic Processes: Increase understanding of the processes that affect the properties and movement of water and its dissolved and suspended constituents through hydrologic systems.
In Memoriam
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Raymond L. Nace died March 6, 1987, after a long illness. He had 35 years of service with the U.S. Geological Survey, was a pioneer compiler of a “World Water Budget,” and was one of the first environmental scientists to recognize the scope and extent of fluid waste disposal problems created by development of nuclear energy. Ray played a fundamental role in the founding of the International Hydrological Decade (1965–1974; sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)) and continually brought attention to the need for “global concern” about water problems. He had been a member of AGU since 1949.
European Geophysical Meetings
Authors: Turcotte Donald L.
Published: October 2011

The fourth biennial meeting of the European Union of Geosciences (EUG) was held in Strasbourg, France, April 13–16, 1987. The very existence of this meeting reflects a major accomplishment in the unification of the Earth sciences in Europe. The meeting is usually held in the Palais des Congres in Strasbourg, which is an excellent, if somewhat overcrowded, facility. Strasbourg itself is an extremely attractive site, with great beauty, outstanding food, and a truly international flavor. French, German, and English are generally understood.
1987 James B. Macelwane Medal to J. Leslie Smith
Authors: Schwartz Frank W. , Smith Leslie
Published: October 2011

Leslie Smith is an outstanding young scientist who, in a very short span of time, has blossomed into one of the most creative and innovative researchers in the field of hydrogeology. His work, which these days extends beyond groundwater and into other branches of geophysics, is consistently at the cutting edge of the science and has been instrumental in shaping our modern views about the way water, mass, and heat move in groundwater systems.
Coupled Ocean‐Atmosphere Models
Authors: Cattle H.
Published: October 2011

This is a substantial book that brings together papers presented in 1984 at the 16th Liege Colloquium on Ocean Hydrodynamics, which addressed the topic which forms the book title. As such, it reflects the current research interests of those involved in this field, many of whom were present at the conference. The aims of the Liege Colloquia are “to provide a forum for discussion and foster a mutually beneficial exchange of information” leading to “a survey of major recent discoveries and essential mechanisms... and valuable recommendations for research.” The book that has resulted from this meeting (which attracted over 130 participants) provides a collection of 43 of the presented research papers. The reader must, however, draw his or her own conclusions about the present state of the subject by reading through the papers gathered here, for there are no broad review papers. Nor are attempts made to draw an overall picture of the present state of the subject and of where the papers collected here fit into this or to present any recommendations for future research and development, both of which are admittedly formidable tasks at the best of times. The book will therefore perhaps appeal more to the specialist, who will find a variety of interesting and stimulating papers within its pages, than to the more general reader.
Optimization and Design of Geodetic Networks
Authors: Milbert Dennis G.
Published: October 2011

This book is a collection of lectures presented by invited speakers at the Third Course of the International School of Advanced Geodesy, given at the “Ettore Majorana” Center for Scientific Culture, Erice, Italy, during April 25–May 10, 1984. The material constitutes a theoretical study of problems and approaches in developing observational plans to meet certain positional accuracy requirements. While the lectures are oriented toward geodetic scenarios, much o f the mathematics is applicable to any problem that requires inversion of data through a least squares procedure.
NOZE project to look into ozone hole
Authors: Maggs William Ward
Published: October 2011

Atmospheric scientists will return to McMurdo Base in the Antarctic this week to probe more deeply into the mysteries of Earth's ozone hole. Ground‐based experiments will be complemented by in situ measurements of stratospheric ozone from high‐altitude research aircraft flying through the zone of greatest depletion of the gas, some 20 km above the ground. The results of this work could provide conclusive evidence for or against a human cause for the ozone decline.
The U.S. Space Solar Physics Program in the Post‐Challenger era
Authors: Bohlin J. David
Published: October 2011

The U.S. space solar physics program has as its objective the comprehensive study of the Sun in a variety of “regimes,” starting at its interior core, where its energy is produced, and extending out through the solar corona, where the solar wind is formed. These regimes possess extremely different physical states of matter, characterized by the abundances of the constituent particles, densities, temperatures, magnetic fields, and velocities. As a result, each regime employs highly specialized techniques for making observations and their subsequent analysis. Therefore the health of each subdiscipline must be considered to assess the health of the field as a whole.
PC version of ionospheric model available
Authors: Nisbet John S. , Divany Robert
Published: October 2011

A version of the Penn State Mk III Ionospheric Model is now available that will run on the IBM personal computer (PC) and its XT and AT versions or on compatible computers fitted with an 8087 or equivalent coprocessor. A version is also available that will run without a coprocessor; however, it takes about 10 times longer to run.
Section candidates
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In the coming months, Eos will carry biographies and photographs of all candidates for President‐Elect of the Union and for President‐Elect and Secretary of each section. In addition, statements by the candidates for Union and Section Presidents‐Elect will appear. The material for the Planetology Section appears below. The slate of candidates for all offices appeared in Eos on June 16, 1987.
Section candidates
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos is carrying biographies and photographs of all candidates for President‐Elect of the Union and for President‐Elect and Secretary of each section. In addition, statements by the candidates for Union and Section Presidents‐Elect will appear. The material for the Geodesy Section appears below. The material for the Planetology Section appeared in the September 8 issue. The slate of candidates for all offices appeared in Eos on June 16, 1987.
50th anniversary Bowie Medalist announced
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The 1988 William Bowie Medal will be presented to Hannes Alfvén of the University of California, San Diego, for outstanding contributions to fundamental geophysics and for unselfish cooperation in research. Presentation of this, the 50th Bowie Medal, will be made at the 1988 Fall Meeting Honors Ceremony, December 7 in San Francisco, Calif. The other 1988 medalist will be announced early next year.
The Miocene Ocean: Paleoceanography and Biogeography
Authors: Schlanger Seymour O.
Published: October 2011

This volume brings together research carried out within the Cenozoic Paleoceanography Project (CENOP), a goal of which was to generate paleoceanographic reconstructions of the Miocene Epoch, 24 to 5 Ma. On the basis of stable isotope and quantitative micropaleontological studies, the authors have related these data bases to parameters and processes of the Miocene Ocean, including paleogeography, stratigraphy, circulation, water mass distributions, temperature variability, vertical water mass structure, biogeography, and biotic evolution.

That these authors attained their goal is attested to by the quality and scope of the 14 chapters presented in this valuable treatise. The Miocene Epoch was chosen because it was in this interval of time that major ice sheets became a permanent feature of Earth's surface. The presentation of this stunning amount of data and interpretation is very well organized for the researcher as well as for the students and professors who will surely use the book as a basis for seminars.
Geophysicists
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The recording of earthquakes in the United States will take on a new dimension over the next decade with the announced development of a National Seismic Network by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). While a new National Seismic Network will significantly improve the U.S. ability to monitor earthquakes at the national and global scale, its capabilities will complement and enhance, rather than replace, most existing networks for detailed monitoring of regional and local seismicity.

As described by USGS in a report released in June 1987, the National Seismic Network will be aimed primarily at providing uniform coverage of felt earthquakes in the United States and significant events worldwide. The network will allow the National Earthquake Information Service (NEIS) to improve significantly its ability to provide immediate and accurate locations of earthquakes for emergency response and public information. Installation of the network will start in 1988 in the eastern half of the country, with support from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Instabilities in Space and Laboratory Plasmas
Authors: Gary S. Peter
Published: October 2011

Plasma instability research is a well‐established branch of both space physics and astrophysics, yet there exist very few comprehensive books on the subject. Thus any new text that address microinstabilities in space plasmas has the promise of filling a long‐standing gap in the bookshelves of space plasma physicists. I am pleased to report that Instabilities in Space and Laboratory Plasmas is a strong contender to fill this gap. Although the book has its limitations, which I will address below, I find that is is very well written, offers excellent physical insights, and represents the best contemporary overview for the theory of velocity‐driven instabilities in collisionless plasmas.
Electromagnetic induction in Australia
Authors: Lilley F. E. M.
Published: October 2011

Electromagnetic induction at the terrestrial surface is a general and ubiquitous process. This note, which covers research on the subject in Australia, reflects the writer's own interest and refers particularly to induction by natural source fields in the period range of 1 minute to 1 day.

Such source fields arise external to Earth, in the ionosphere and beyond, in the magnetosphere. The process of electromagnetic induction by these fields involves the flow through Earth of tens of thousands of amperes, over scale lengths of thousands of kilometers.
[Reply to “Space Station?” by L.H. Meredith] Space station?colon; Microgravity design is best first step
Authors: Baker D. James
Published: October 2011

Les Meredith's recent statement in Eos (September 29, p. 770) on objectives and uses of NASA's proposed space station argues that microgravity research, manufacturing, space physics, astrophysics, and Earth observations are not good justifications for the present zero‐gravity design of the station. In my view, he is correct for the general issues of remote sensing, whether it is toward Earth or the planets and beyond. Such observations are indeed better carried out by automated platforms.

But in the case of microgravity and space biomedicine, his arguments lose force. Science in the microgravity environment is a field of basic research ranging from materials science to studies of structure of large organic molecules. Today, and for the foreseeable future, the fundamental experiments to be done in the microgravity environment require close interaction with human experimenters, as in a ground‐based laboratory. The space station with its microgravity environment and open access to astronauts, provides an environment consistent with the needs of that field of basic research. As we move to manufacturing, the needs for human interaction may become less, but that is probably decades away.
NASA to call for platform proposals
Authors: Butler Dixon
Published: October 2011

In mid‐January 1988 the National Aeronautics and Space Admministration (NASA) plans to issue an Announcement of Opportunity (AO) for the Earth Observing System (EOS). This call for proposals will include Earth science research using the Space Station Polar Platforms and the initial manned Space Station. Other areas of space science will be offered the opportunity to propose secondary science experiments for flight with EOS on the Polar Platforms.
More radar for space shuttle imaging mission
Authors: Toulmin Catharine B.
Published: October 2011

NASA's space shuttle is to enhance its third space‐borne imaging radar mission (SIR‐C) under the terms of an agreement signed October 6, 1987, between NASA (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and the science ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). The agreement provides for the joint FRG and Italian development of an X band synthetic aperture radar (X‐SAR) system to be flown on at least two o f the shuttle's imaging radar missions. NASA also has plans to fly an advanced X‐SAR system on a polar platform with its Earth Observation System.
Oceanographic studies during Project GALE
Authors: Blanton Jackson O. , Lee Tom N. , Atkinson Larry p. , Bane John M. , Riordan A. , Raman S.
Published: October 2011

The Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment (GALE) was a multi‐institutional project sponsored primarily by the National Science Foundation (NSF), with additional support from the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the Office of Naval Research (ONR). The primary objectives were

to describe the airflow, mass, and moisture fields during the evolution of U.S. East Coast winter storms, with special emphasis on mesoscale processes;

to understand the physical mechanisms controlling the formation and rapid development of East Coast storms; and

to develop and test numerical models for the prediction of East Coast cyclones.
Manson structure team will help guide research
Authors: Hartung Jack
Published: October 2011

The Manson impact structure, in northwest‐central Iowa, is about 35 km in diameter and the largest such structure known in the United States. Scientific interest in the Manson structure increased sharply last year when preliminary 40Ar/39Ar data indicated a time for the impact of less than, but not much less than, 70 million years. That age is temptingly close to the time established for the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary, about 66 million years ago, and allows the possibility of a connection between the Manson impact and mass extinctions produced by the K/T boundary event
AGU position
Authors: Eagleson P. S.
Published: October 2011

In accordance with the recommendation of the AGU Public Affairs Committee, I have formed a panel to consider the practice by Congress of earmarking and fencing of funds. Panel members are:
Geomagnetism Program Assessment and Planet Earth Initiative
Authors: Eagleson P. S.
Published: October 2011

Congressman David Skaggs (D‐Colo.) has requested an assessment by AGU of whether the U.S. geomagnetism program would be strengthened if the U.S. Geological Survey geomagnetic observatories program was transferred to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). This assessment is needed by the end of January 1988

The AGU Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Section and the Public Affairs Committee recommended that AGU do the study. A panel has been formed to develop a draft AGU position on this issue by early January for subsequent Council approval. The members of this panel will be
AGU Hydrology Poster Session Authors Polled
Authors: Konikow Leonard F.
Published: October 2011

A questionnaire was sent in October 1986 to all AGU Hydrology Section members who presented poster papers during the 1985 Spring, 1985 Fall, and 1986 Spring AGU meetings. The objective was to help assess the merit of poster sessions based on the experiences of recent contributors. The questions were designed to provide the authors' perspective on posters and to tell the program chairmen and Hydrology Section executive committee whether we should modify any of our policies toward poster papers. The questionnaire was sent to 66 authors; 45 were returned. Respondents had the option of remaining anonymous, but 80% chose to sign the completed forms. This report summarizes the results of the survey.
AGU Pacific Northwest Meeting
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The 34th annual meeting of the Pacific Northwest Rgion of the American Geophysical Union (PNAGU) was held September 2–4, 1987, at the Evergreen State College in Olympia, Wash. This Year's meeting was sponsored by the Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources.
AGU sponsors U.S. visits for two Latin American geophysicists
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

David J . Terrell, a Mexican petrologist, and Jorge Osvaldo Mufioz, a Chilean geochemist, have been selected to receive travel support under AGU's Latin American Visiting Scientist Program to attend the 1988 Spring Meeting and visit U.S. universities and research institutions. Both are members of the AGU Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology Section.
Six NSF‐NATO postdocs go to geoscientists
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Six Earth scientists will study in the United Kingdom, Norway, and Italy on postdoctoral fellowships administered by the National Science Foundation (NSF) as part of a program sponsored by the North American Treaty Organization (NATO). In all, 57 NSF‐NATO postdoctoral fellowships in science were awarded in March 1988 for study abroad for up to 12 months.

The six students that received fellowships for study in geosciences are Henry N. (Spike) Berry (University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Mass.), to study geology at the University of Oslo, Norway; Marcus I. Bursik (California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.), to study geology at Cambridge University, Cambridge, U.K.; Mary S. Hubbard (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass.), to study geology at the University of Leicester, Leicester, U. K.); Paul R. Lundgren (Northwestern University, Chicago, III.), to study geophysics at the National Institute of Geophysics, Rome; James Webster (U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.), to study experiment petrology at the University of Edinburgh, U.K.; and Joseph R. Pawlik (Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, Calif.), to study biological oceanography at the Marine Science Laboratories, Menai Bridge,U.K.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 13(3), March 31, 1988, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E88‐002 at $2.50 (U.S.) by writing to AGU Orders, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009 or by calling toll free on 800‐424‐2488. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through the same address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are also available from AGU‐Orders; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
New deadline for drilling proposals
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation's Continental Lithosphere Program management has announced June 1, 1988, as the deadline for continental scientific drilling proposals that require fiscal year 1989 funding. The Continental Lithosphere Review Panel (CLRP) will consider the proposals. Recommendations by CLRP will form the basis of the Continental Lithosphere 1989 program plan.

DOSECC (Deep Observation and Sampling of Earth's Continental Crust, Inc.) will continue to provide the following services:

technical advice about drillhole planning and cost estimates,

solicitation and evaluation of bids,

contracting of drilling and support services,

supervision of drilling, coring, and logging operations,

workshops organized to generate new scientific drilling proposals and to assist in refinement of existing proposals,

feasibility reviews of individual proposals at the request of the CLRP, and

monitoring and coordination of scientific experiments with drilling operations in collaboration with projects' chief scientists.
Program grants for science education
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation (NSF) is soliciting proposals for projects designed to improve middle school science education. This solicitation is part of an ongoing program administered by the NSF's Division of Materials Development, Research, and Informal Science Education. Seven grants were made in 1986 and 1987 to support projects aimed at elementary school science education. Each of these projects represented the joint efforts of scientists, publishers, and school systems. The publishers provided a large part of the investment capital, the school systems provided testing grounds for the teaching materials, and the scientists assessed the quality of the science being taught.
Recent Ph.D.s
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos periodically lists information on recently accepted doctoral dissertations in the disciplines of geophysics. Faculty members are invited to submit the following information, on institution letterhead, above the signature of the faculty advisor or department chairman: (1) the dissertation title, (2) author's name, (3) name of the degree‐granting department and institution, (4) faculty advisor, (5) month and year degree was awarded, (6) category of dissertation subject (Atmospheric Sciences, Hydrology, Ocean Sciences, Solid Earth, or Space Sciences).

If possible, include the current address and telephone number of the degree recipient (this information will not be published).
Help with Bolivia's water resources
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Regional State Corporation for Development (CORDECO) in Cochabamba, Bolivia, is seeking geoscientists who can help plan and carry out a variety of hydrological projects. Water pollution, erosion control, basin management, and small‐scale irrigation programs are all within the scope of these projects, as are land control and reclamation, river regulation and control, and village water supplies.

CORDECO will welcome scientists and graduate students who have relevant experience. CORDECO will provide local office and fieldwork facilities (including technicians) and will cover the projects' expenses. The participating scientists must arrange for their subsistence and travel expenses to and from Bolivia to be paid by their own institutions. It is not necessary for the participating scientists to know Spanish.
$10 million for NASA planet studies
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is asking for research proposals for its Planetary Geology and Geophysics program. Competition is open to all organizations and individuals, and requests must be submitted by July 31, 1988.

Research in the program is in planetary geology, geophysics, cartography, and geologic mapping. Program scientists are studying the planets, their satellites including ring systems, and smaller Solar System bodies like asteroids and comets. The goal is to learn more about planetary processes, the origin and evolution of the Solar System, and Earth compared to other planets.
In Memoriam
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Gyorgy Kovacs, Academician and former Director General of VITUKY, Budapest, Hungary, died April 21, 1988. He was past president of the International Association of Hydrologic Sciences.

William C. Ackermann, retired chief of the Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, Ill., and professor at the University of Illinois, died June 9, 1988. His long and distinguished career included membership in AGU's Hydrology Section since 1938. He was a Fellow of AGU, Hydrology Section President in 1962, and President of AGU in 1966. He was president of IAHS in 1970–1971.
ITSA Committee meets
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Organizing Committee for the IAHS Third Scientific Assembly (ITSA) met on May 16, 1988, during the AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore, Md. The Committee was pleased to have three of the IAHS Officers attend the meeting. Secretary General Henny Colenbrander, TNO, The Hague, Netherlands; Treasurer Charles Riggs, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; and President Vit Klemes, National Hydrology Research Institute, Saskatoon, Canada, were all present.

The work of the committee resulted later in production of the ITSA Second Circular. The complete circular with registration forms was printed in the July 19 issue of Eos, and is also available from Ivan Johnson , Chairman, ITSA Organizing Committee, 7474 Upham Court, Arvada, CO 80003; tel.: 303‐425‐5610.
Best student paper at 1988 Spring Meeting
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Continuing the recently established tradition of an award for the best GP student paper at a national meeting, an ad hoc committee chaired by Susan L. Hagedahl has honored M. Reid Wellensiek of the Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, for his talk at the 1988 Spring Meeting in Baltimore. Wellensiek's paper was titled “Paleomagnetism of middle Ordovician volcanics in the Weeksboro‐Lunksoos Anticlinorium, north‐central Maine,” and his coauthors were Rob Van der Voo, Ben A. Van der Pluijm, and Rex Johnson.
Grant for women to finish degrees
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Association for Women Geoscientists Foundation has established the Chrysalis Scholarship, a $250 grant for women finishing a Masters or Ph.D. degree in an Earth science. Chrysalis is for candidates who have returned to school after an interruption of a year or longer and has no restrictions on use. “We see a winner getting her thesis typed or paying for child care—anything necessary to allow a degree candidate to finish her thesis and enter a geoscience profession,” said Vicki Cowart, AWG Foundation president. For information, write to Chrysalis Scholarship, AWG Foundation, c/o Resource Center for Associations, 10200 W. 44th Ave., #304, Wheat Ridge, CO 80033. January 31, 1989, is the deadline to apply for the Chrysalis awards that will be made March 1.
Response of Hannes Alfvén
Authors: Alfvén Hannes
Published: October 2011

I wish to thank you very much for awarding me the Bowie Medal. I appreciate the motivation for it, which is much more than I deserve. Alex has tried to provide some balance by pointing out that I have not solved all of the problems but have left to some of you to solve what I myself consider to be the most important of all cosmical problems, namely the question of matter‐antimatter symmetry.

When Dirac had proved that there was a general matter‐antimatter symmetry, my teacher Oskar Klein claimed that there should be a general symmetry also between the amount of matter and antimatter in the universe. This is not generally accepted. Instead it is believed that, for example, one of our closest stars, Alpha Centauri, consists of matter; Alex put it as due to some sort of normal‐matter chauvinism. The question remains as to whether there exists any scientific reason for this belief