bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Morpho-Anatomical, Physiological, and Functional Response of Sweet Basil to Isosmotic Nitrate to Chloride Ratios
Authors: Corrado Giandomenico , Formisano Luigi , De Micco Veronica , Pannico Antonio , Giordano Maria , El-Nakhel Christophe , Chiaiese Pasquale , Sacchi Raffaele , Rouphael Youssef
Published: July 2020

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a leafy green with a short-production cycle that is emerging as a model species among aromatic plants. Modulating the mineral composition of the nutrient solution has proved to be a valuable tool to uncover the mechanisms and responses that higher plants adopt in relation to the availability of mineral nutrients. The aim of this work was to examine the effects on basil of four isosmotic nutrient solutions with different nitrate to chloride ratios. These two anions share uptake and transport mechanisms in plants and are often considered antagonist. To this goal, we analyzed morpho-anatomical and physiological parameters as well as quality-related traits, such as the antioxidant capacity, the leaf color, the mineral composition, and the aromatic profile in relation to the nutrient ratios. Moreover, using a full factorial design, we analyzed leaves in two consecutive harvests. The data indicated a broad, multifaceted plant response to the different nutritional ratios, with almost all the recorded parameters involved. Overall, the effects on basil can be explained by considering an interdependent combination of the nitrate and chloride roles in plant nutrition and physiology. Our work revealed the extent of the modification that can be achieved in basil through the modification of the nutrient solution. It also provided indications for more nutrient efficient growing conditions, because a moderate increase in chloride limits the expected negative impact of a sub-optimal nitrate fertilization.
Performance of Notched Connectors for CLT-Concrete Composite Floors
Authors: Thai Minh , Ménard Sylvain , Elachachi Sidi , Galimard Philippe
Published: July 2020

CLT-concrete composite floor systems are a solution for timber buildings with a long-span floor. It yields a reduction of carbon footprint and even eco-friendly structure at the end of its service life. This study will evaluate the structural performance of notched connectors in the CLT-concrete composite floor, comprised of the serviceability stiffness, maximum load, and behavior at failure. The parameters of the test plan are the loaded edge length, the notch depth, the concrete thickness, and the screw length. Other secondary variables are also assessed, such as different loading sequences, speed of test, and timber moisture content. Experimental results prove that the performance of the connector depends significantly but not linearly on the notch depth and the length of the loaded edge. The connector with a deeper notch and a shorter heel will be stiffer and more robust, but it also tends to have a brittle rupture. The test results also help validate a solution for deconstructable connector systems. A nonlinear finite element model of the connector is built and validated versus the experimental results. It yields reasonably good predictions in terms of resistance and can capture the load-slip relationship.
Modified Nano-TiO2 Based Composites for Environmental Photocatalytic Applications
Authors: Wang Shuo , Ding Zhu , Chang Xue , Xu Jun , Wang Dan-Hong
Published: July 2020

TiO2 probably plays the most important role in photocatalysis due to its excellent chemical and physical properties. However, the band gap of TiO2 corresponds to the Ultraviolet (UV) region, which is inactive under visible irradiation. At present, TiO2 has become activated in the visible light region by metal and nonmetal doping and the fabrication of composites. Recently, nano-TiO2 has attracted much attention due to its characteristics of larger specific surface area and more exposed surface active sites. nano-TiO2 has been obtained in many morphologies such as ultrathin nanosheets, nanotubes, and hollow nanospheres. This work focuses on the application of nano-TiO2 in efficient environmental photocatalysis such as hydrogen production, dye degradation, CO2 degradation, and nitrogen fixation, and discusses the methods to improve the activity of nano-TiO2 in the future.
Grant-Free Resource Allocation for NOMA V2X Uplink Systems Using a Genetic Algorithm Approach
Authors: Lee Sol , Kim Jeehyeong , Park Joohan , Cho Sunghyun
Published: July 2020

While NOMA-V2V (non-orthogonal multiple accesscan-vehicle-to-vehicle) effectively achieve massive connectivity requirements in 5G network systems, minimizing communication latency is a very crucial challenge. To address the latency problem, we propose a channel allocation method called hyper-fraction, which divides the road into many zones and allocates a channel to each zone. Then, a vehicle located within the corresponding zone uses the channel allocated to the zone. Hyper-fraction will allow the system to minimize communication latency between a user equipment (UE) and a base station (BS) caused by scheduling processes and consequentially reduce the overall latency of the system. In the simulation, a novel concept of genetic algorithm (GA) is utilized, called GA with continuous pool. It is an approach to enable conventional GA to solve optimization problems for continuous situations within much less computation, especially in situations where the elements in the system keep moving such as vehicular networks. As a result, GA with continuous pool is proven to be an effective heuristic method to improve throughput rate, as well as hyper-fraction improving the latency of NOMA V2V and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) systems.
The Relationship between Mercury Exposure Indices and Dietary Intake of Fish and Shellfish in Women of Childbearing Age
Authors: Seo Jeong-wook , Kim Byoung-gwon , Hong Young-seoub
Published: July 2020

Women of childbearing age who are susceptible to mercury exposure were studied to understand the relation between mercury intake through fish and shellfish consumption and mercury exposure indices from blood, hair, and urine samples. A total of 711 women of childbearing age from coastal areas with a high concentration of mercury exposure in Korea were studied. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, dietary intake of fish and shellfish using the simple Food Frequency Questionnaire. Mercury concentration was estimated from the collected samples of blood, hair, and urine. The geometric mean of blood methyl mercury concentration of mercury exposure through seafood was 3.06 μg/L for the low tertile, 3.12 μg/L for the middle tertile, and 3.60 μg/L for the high tertile, indicating a clear tendency of blood methyl mercury to increase as the mercury exposure by fish and shellfish intake ascended. For total blood mercury and hair mercury, the middle and high tertiles had higher values than the low. Mercury exposure through fish and shellfish intake is a main factor for an increase of blood methyl mercury concentration in women of childbearing age. More attention needs to be paid to mercury exposure through seafood intake, considering the serious effect mercury concentration has on women of childbearing age.
Embedding an Evidence-Based Model for Suicide Prevention in the National Health Service: A Service Improvement Initiative
Authors: Brown Sophie , Iqbal Zaffer , Burbidge Frances , Sajjad Aamer , Reeve Mike , Ayres Victoria , Melling Richard , Jobes David
Published: July 2020

Despite the improved understanding of the determinants of suicide over recent decades, the mean suicide rate within the United Kingdom (UK) has remained at 10 per 100,000 per annum, with about 28% accessing mental health services in the 12 months prior to death. In this paper, we outlined a novel systems-level approach to tackling this problem through objectively differentiating the level of severity for each suicide risk presentation and providing fast-track pathways to care for all, including life-threatening cases. An additional operational challenge addressed within the proposed model was the saturation of local crisis mental health services with approximately 150 suicidality referrals per month, including non-mental health cases. This paper discussed a service improvement initiative undertaken within a National Health Service (NHS) secondary care mental health provider’s open-access 24/7 crisis and home treatment service. An organisation-wide bespoke “suicide risk triage” system utilising the Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS) was implemented across all services. The preliminary impacts on suicidality, suicide rates and service user outcomes were described.
ASGR1 and Its Enigmatic Relative, CLEC10A
Authors: Hoober J. Kenneth
Published: July 2020

The large family of C-type lectin (CLEC) receptors comprises carbohydrate-binding proteins that require Ca2+ to bind a ligand. The prototypic receptor is the asialoglycoprotein receptor-1 (ASGR1, CLEC4H1) that is expressed primarily by hepatocytes. The early work on ASGR1, which is highly specific for N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), established the foundation for understanding the overall function of CLEC receptors. Cells of the immune system generally express more than one CLEC receptor that serve diverse functions such as pathogen-recognition, initiation of cellular signaling, cellular adhesion, glycoprotein turnover, inflammation and immune responses. The receptor CLEC10A (C-type lectin domain family 10 member A, CD301; also called the macrophage galactose-type lectin, MGL) contains a carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) that is homologous to the CRD of ASGR1, and thus, is also specific for GalNAc. CLEC10A is most highly expressed on immature DCs, monocyte-derived DCs, and alternatively activated macrophages (subtype M2a) as well as oocytes and progenitor cells at several stages of embryonic development. This receptor is involved in initiation of TH1, TH2, and TH17 immune responses and induction of tolerance in naïve T cells. Ligand-mediated endocytosis of CLEC receptors initiates a Ca2+ signal that interestingly has different outcomes depending on ligand properties, concentration, and frequency of administration. This review summarizes studies that have been carried out on these receptors.
How Good Are Child Vulnerability Assessment Tools in China?
Authors: Qi Di , Wu Shiyou
Published: July 2020

Accurately assessing children’s vulnerabilities and needs is important for child service delivery in social work. In China, different agencies (including international non-governmental organizations, government sectors and social organizations) utilize different tools for assessing children’s needs. However, the advantages and disadvantages of these tools have been rarely discussed, leaving their quality and effectiveness unknown. As a result, it is difficult to realize the goal of improving the well-being of Chinese children. This paper contributes to existing knowledge through the use of semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders of different types of agencies, along with an in-depth exploration, analysis and comparison of their practical assessment tools.
Epidemiological Impact of Novel Preventive and Therapeutic HSV-2 Vaccination in the United States: Mathematical Modeling Analyses
Authors: Ayoub Houssein H. , Chemaitelly Hiam , Abu-Raddad Laith J.
Published: July 2020

This study aims to inform herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) vaccine development, licensure, and implementation by delineating the population-level impact of vaccination. Mathematical models were constructed to describe the transmission dynamics in presence of prophylactic or therapeutic vaccines assuming 50% efficacy, with application to the United States. Catch-up prophylactic vaccination will reduce, by 2050, annual number of new infections by 58%, incidence rate by 60%, seroprevalence by 21%, and avert yearly as much as 350,000 infections. Number of vaccinations needed to avert one infection was only 50 by 2050, 34 by prioritizing those aged 15–19 years, 4 by prioritizing the highest sexual risk group, 43 by prioritizing women, and 47 by prioritizing men. Therapeutic vaccination of infected adults with symptomatic disease will reduce, by 2050, annual number of new infections by 12%, incidence rate by 13%, seroprevalence by 4%, and avert yearly as much as 76,000 infections. Number of vaccinations needed to avert one infection was eight by 2050, two by prioritizing those aged 15–19 years, three by prioritizing the highest sexual risk group, seven by prioritizing men, and ten by prioritizing women. HSV-2 vaccination offers an impactful and cost-effective intervention to prevent genital herpes medical and psychosexual disease burden.
Diagnostic arsenal of a personalized medicine clinic: laboratory methods
Authors: Shcherbo S. , Shcherbo D. , Tishchenko A. , Savina M. , Turkina T.
Published: July 2020

Laboratory technologies, which are the basis of personalized medicine, are considered. The main focus is on genetic methods for identifying genetic polymorphisms that determine a predisposition to multifactorial diseases. Description of application of personalized medicine approaches in clinical practice on the example of oncology, endocrinology and other branches of medicine is given.
SPECIAL COURSE “MONITORING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERACTION WITH STAKEHOLDERS” AS A CONDITION FOR TRAINING COMPETENT PROFESSIONALS OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
Authors: Denysova Anastasiia
Published: July 2020

The uniqueness of the special course program “Monitoring the quality of education in the context of interaction with stakeholders” is to take into account the sectoral context and the actual results of monitoring studies of quality training of vocational (professional and technical) education at the Bila Tserkva Institute of Continuing Professional Education.
The article considers the purpose, objectives, andragogical principles of building a special course program. The content and logic of the special course, which reflects the movement from the analysis of the concepts of quality of education, quality of educational activities, educational monitoring and monitoring of the quality of professional development, to practice-oriented issues of monitoring research on the quality of education and educational services in the context of interaction with stakeholders.
The generalized indicators on results of diagnostics of students of advanced training courses during approbation of a special course “Monitoring of quality of education in the context of interaction with stakeholders” are presented.
ABOUT INTUITION MECHANISMS IN THE CONTEXT OF HUMAN ACTIVITY
Authors: Maltsev Oleg
Published: July 2020

The human activity is the object of the conducted research, the mechanisms of intuition is its subject. Therefore, the purpose of this article is statements of a philosophical comprehension of intuition mechanisms functioning in human activity. The main ideas of the author experienced the corresponding approbation in scientific and field researches of 2015-2020. They are systemically stated and presented in this article for the first time, as well. The innovation of the following article consists of the conducted research issues that reflect the systematization of knowledge of the mechanisms of intuition which result in a philosophical comprehension of the principles of operation of human memory blocks.
Researches of a dialectic contradiction rational and irrational, activity development sources hold concrete manifestations of a contradiction in an intuition and goal-setting connection, uniting of consciousness and memory. For this reason there comes a requirement to consider the main mechanisms of memory, namely: the prototipology memory block, archetypology memory block, and the ancestral unconscious block which integrity is defined by the memory model.
ENSURING THE QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN CONTEXT OF THEORY OF INSTITUTIONALISM
Authors: Kyvliuk Olga , Mordous Iryna
Published: July 2020

The theory of institutionalism, characteristic of multidisciplinary research allows us to consider the educational institution in its direct and tangent, or hidden, interaction with other social institutions, to identify internal contradictions, to explain the nature of the emergence of new phenomena. The focus is precisely on understanding the risks and prospects of the institution of ensuring the quality of higher education in order to minimize and to prevent unforeseen results and consequences.
Sense-Making, Mutual Learning and Cognitive Shifts When Applying Systems Thinking in Public Health – Examples From Sweden Comment on "What Can Policy-Makers Get Out of Systems Thinking? Policy Partners’ Experiences of a Systems-Focused Research Collaboration in Preventive Health"
Authors: Nyström Monica E. , Tolf Sara , Strehlenert Helena
Published: July 2020

It is widely acknowledged that systems thinking (ST) should be implemented in the area of public health, but how this should be done is less clear. In this commentary we focus on sense-making and double-loop learning processes when using ST and soft systems methodology in research collaborations with policy-makers. In their study of policymakers’ experiences of ST, Haynes et al emphasize the importance of knowledge processes and mutual learning between researchers and policy-makers, processes which can change how policy-makers think and thus have impact on real-world policy concerns. We provide some additional examples from Sweden on how ST has been applied to create learning and shared mental models among stakeholders and researchers in national and regional healthcare development initiatives. We conclude that investigating and describing such processes on micro-level can aid the knowledge on how to implement ST in public health.
CHAT SA: Modification of a Public Engagement Tool for Priority Setting for a South African Rural Context
Authors: Tugendhaft Aviva , Danis Marion , Christofides Nicola , Kahn Kathleen , Erzse Agnes , Gold Marthe , Twine Rhian , Khosa Audrey , Hofman Karen
Published: July 2020

Background: Globally, as countries move towards universal health coverage (UHC), public participation in decisionmaking is particularly valuable to inform difficult decisions about priority setting and resource allocation. In South Africa (SA), which is moving towards UHC, public participation in decision-making is entrenched in policy documents yet practical applications are lacking. Engagement methods that are deliberative could be useful in ensuring the public participates in the priority setting process that is evidence-based, ethical, legitimate, sustainable and inclusive. Methods modified for the country context may be more relevant and effective. To prepare for such a deliberative process in SA, we aimed to modify a specific deliberative engagement tool – the CHAT (Choosing All Together) tool for use in a rural setting. Methods: Desktop review of published literature and policy documents, as well as 3 focus groups and modified Delphi method were conducted to identify health topics/issues and related interventions appropriate for a rural setting in SA. Our approach involved a high degree of community and policy-maker/expert participation. Qualitative data were analysed thematically. Cost information was drawn from various national sources and an existing actuarial model used in previous CHAT exercises was employed to create the board. Results: Based on the outcomes, 7 health topics/issues and related interventions specific for a rural context were identified and costed for inclusion. These include maternal, new-born and reproductive health; child health; woman and child abuse; HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (TB); lifestyle diseases; access; and malaria. There were variations in priorities between the 3 stakeholder groups, with community-based groups emphasizing issues of access. Violence against women and children and malaria were considered important in the rural context. Conclusion: The CHAT SA board reflects health topics/issues specific for a rural setting in SA and demonstrates some of the context-specific coverage decisions that will need to be made. Methodologies that include participatory principles are useful for the modification of engagement tools like CHAT and can be applied in different country contexts in order to ensure these tools are relevant and acceptable. This could in turn impact the success of the implementation, ultimately ensuring more effective priority setting approaches.
Does "Flattening the Curve" Affect Critical Care Services Delivery for COVID-19? A Global Health Perspective
Authors: Gilardino Ramiro E.
Published: July 2020

During this coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic, nations are taking bold measures to mitigate the spread of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in order to avoid the overwhelming its critical care facilities. While these "flattening the curve" initiatives are showing signs of impeding the potential surge in COVID-19 cases, it is not known whether these measures alleviate the burden placed on intensive care units. Much has been made of the desperate need for critical care beds and medical supplies, especially personal protective equipment (PPE). But while these initiatives may provide health systems time to bolster their critical care infrastructure, they do little to protect the most essential element – the critical care providers. This article examines bolder initiatives that may be needed to both protect crucial health systems and the essential yet vulnerable providers during this global pandemic.
Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of selected medicinal plants against pathogens causing sexually transmitted infections
Authors: Nthulane Ndivhuwo Patience , Mosebi Salerwe , Tshikalange Thilivhali Emmanuel , Nyila Monde Alfred , Mankga Ledile Thabitha
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Worldwide, more than one million sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are acquired daily. The diversity and frequency of sexual infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms have increased thus becoming a major cause of illness and mortality amongst young adults. Medicinal plants have been good remedies for the treatment of STIs since ancient times. In this study, we evaluated antimicrobial, anti- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and anti-inflammatory activities of five selected medicinal plants. Methods: We determined the antimicrobial activities of plant extracts against the bacteria causing common STIs. Then, the anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by measuring the inhibition of the pro-inflammatory enzyme, 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) and we further investigated the plants extracts of anti-HIV activities against the recombinant HIV-1 enzyme, reverse transcriptase. Results: Methanol extract of Terminalia sericea and dichloromethane (DCM) extract of Bidens pilosa exhibited good activities against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Gardnerella vaginalis. Ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and methanol extracts of Bidens pilosa exhibited good activities against Candida albicans. Ethyl acetate extract of K. africana and methanol extract of B. pilosa showed good anti-inflammatory activities. Ethyl acetate, DCM and methanol extracts of T. sericea exhibited promising anti-HIV-1 activities by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase whilst methanol extracts of T. dregeana showed low anti-HIV-1 activity. Conclusion: These plants showed promising activity against the propagation of inflammation, displayed good antimicrobial activities against the bacteria causing STIs and could be used as potential leads and/or source for new drug candidates.
The hepatoprotective effect of Cheral as anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation on mice (Mus musculus) with breast cancer
Authors: Hermanto Feri Eko , Soewondo Aris , Tsuboi Hideo , Ibrahim Mansur , Rifa'i Muhaimin
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Recent studies have reported that breast cancer may affect the physiology of other organs, including oxidative stress in the liver. On the other hand, some agents such as white turmeric (Curcuma longa) and Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) seem to maintain redox stability and immunomodulation. Both of them are combined into Cheral potion. This study was aimed to investigate the Cheral efficacy in modulating oxidative stress based on Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), HEME OXIGenase (HO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines under breast cancer condition in vivo. Methods: Nrf2, HO, and SOD from hepatocytes, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) from splenocytes were measured by flow cytometry after 14 days of Cheral administration. Results: The results showed that mice model for breast cancer underwent oxidative stress denoted by high levels of HO, and SOD accompanied by increased levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the cancer group compared to normal healthy group (P<0.05). In contrast, Cheral treatment was able to modulate redox balance by declining levels of HO, SOD, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, but not Nrf2, compared to cancer group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that breast cancer could alter the host’s physiology, including liver oxidative stress. The levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ might contribute to regulation of redox balance in the liver. However, Cheral has potency as an alternative therapeutic agent to reduce oxidative stress in the liver under breast cancer condition.
Molecular docking of a set of flavonoid compounds with Helicobacter pylori virulence factors CagA and VacA
Authors: Jouimyi Mohamed Reda , Bounder Ghizlane , Essaidi Imane , Boura Hasna , Zerouali Khalid , Lebrazi Halima , Kettani Anass , Maachi Fatima
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Cytotoxin associated gene A (CagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) proteins are the main Helicobacter pylori virulence factors. These toxins are associated with severe gastric diseases. Flavonoids are plant secondary metabolites that have shown great antibacterial effects. This work aimed to study the interaction of a set of flavonoid compounds with CagA and VacA proteins using molecular docking.Methods: A set of 54 flavonoid compounds were used in this study, and 36 of which passed the Lipinski rules of 5. The 3D structures of CagA and VacA proteins were obtained from the Protein Data Bank. The molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina software and the results were expressed in terms of binding energies (kcal/mol). Protein-ligand interactions were analyzed using PyMOL software.Results: For the CagA protein, the licochalcone A molecule showed the highest binding affinity (-8 kcal/mol). For the VacA protein, the galangin, luteolin, and apigenin molecules showed the highest binding affinity (-8.9, -8.5, and -8.2 kcal/mol, respectively). Interactions of the licochalcone A, galangin, luteolin, and apigenin with CagA and VacA proteins involved their hydroxyl groups and/or their carbonyl groups.Conclusion: Our study showed that these compounds might have the potential for their development into drugs for controlling H. pylori pathogenicity.
Networking IP Restriction filtering and network address
Authors: Bein Adrian Sean , Williams Alexander
Published: July 2020

Permissions setting on a computer is necessary. This is an effort that is not easy to change the system configuration or settings changed by the user. With a network of computers, of course, permissions settings do not need to be done one by one manually. Because in a computer network course there are many collections of computers connected together. Permissions setting so that the system can use the client-server applications that access restrictions can be done effectively. As the implementation of client-server applications can be created using Visual Basic 6.0. This language has been able to access the socket on the Windows operating system, named Winsock API that supports TCP / IP. This protocol is widely used because of the reliability of client-server application programming. The application is divided into two main applications, namely the client and server program name with the name of the Receiver Sender program. Receiver function receives instructions restriction of access rights Sender and sends reports to the Sender process execution. While Sender functions to send instructions restrictions permissions via the Registry to the Receiver. And after the test, the application can block important features available in the Windows operating system. So it is expected that these applications can help in permissions setting on a computer network.
Gecikmiş İnfantil Hipertrofik Pilor Stenozu: Ultrasonografi Parametrelerinin Yaşa Göre Dağılımı
Authors: TAHTABAŞI Mehmet , KOLU Mehmet , DÖRTERLER Mustafa Erman
Published: July 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, infantil hipertrofik pilor stenozu (İHPS) tanılı term infantlarda ultrasonografi (USG) parametrelerinin (pilor kası boyutları) yaş ile korelasyonunun değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Materyal ve metod: Kasım 2015 ve Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında, İHPS tanısı alıp piloromiyotomi ameliyatı yapılan 49 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Hastaların demografik ve laboratuvar verileri elektronik medikal kayıtlarından elde edildi. Pilor kas kalınlığı (PK), pilor çapı (PÇ) ve pilor kas uzunluğu (PU) gibi USG parametreleri ayrı ayrı ölçüldü. Pilorik ölçümlerin yaşa göre dağılımını değerlendirmek amacıyla term infantlar neonatal (0 - 28 gün) ve postneonatal (29 - 364 gün) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Preterm infantlar (gebelik yaşı <37 hafta) ile birlikte klinik verilerine ve ultrasonografi görüntülerine ulaşılamayan infantlar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 32 hastanın 24 (%75)’ ü erkek ve 8 (%25)’i kız olup, başvuru anında infantların ortalama yaşı 57.8 ve median (minimum-maksimum) değeri 57.5 (9-180) gün idi. Tüm hastalarda lümeni daraltan, elonge ve kalın görünümde hipertrofik pilor kası tespit edildi. Tüm vakalarda distandü midede peristaltizm artışı ve mide içeriğinin duodenuma geçişinin olmaması veya yavaşlaması mevcuttu. Neonatal dönemde 15 (%46.9) ve postneonatal dönemde 17 (%53.1) infant mevcuttu. Ameliyat öncesi hastalara yapılan ölçümlerde PK, PÇ ve PU yüksekti (median değer sırasıyla; 4.8, 11.2 ve 19.5 mm). Neonatal ve postneonatal dönemdeki infantların pilorik ölçümleri her iki grup arasında benzer olup istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (p > 0.05). Yapılan korelasyon analizinde PK ile PU (r = 0.490, p = 0.033) ve PK ile PÇ arasında (r = 0.741, p < 0.001) anlamlı oranda pozitif korelasyon mevcuttu. Ancak yaş ile pilorik ölçümler arasında anlamlı korelasyon saptanmadı (p > 0.05). Laboratuvar verileri açısından karşılaştırma yapıldığında postneonatal dönemdeki infantlarda neonatal gruba göre hemoglobin değerleri anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu (sırasıyla 11±1.5 ve 13.7±2.7; p < 0.001). Sonuç: İHPS tanısında kullanılan USG iyonizan radyasyon içermemesi, yüksek duyarlılığı ve dinamik inceleme yapılabilmesi gibi avantajları nedeniyle, ilk tercih edilmesi gereken etkili ve güvenilir bir görüntüleme yöntemidir. Pilor kas ölçümleri tanı için değerli olmakla birlikte yaş ve kas boyutları arasında anlamlı korelasyon olmadığı sonucuna varıldı.
Scientific and technological development and new trends in education and employment
Authors: Yehorov I. Yu.
Published: July 2020

Scientific and technological development seriously affects all socio-economic processes in the modern world. In this paper. The main trends in employment and education in the context of technological changes are analyse in the article. The highlighting of trends in relevant areas in developed countries is the priority. Conclusions regarding structural changes in employment are made; in particular, tendencies for a decrease in permanent employment among middle-skilled workers and a deterioration in the situation for unskilled workers are identified. An important factor is the transition to part-time employment. New situation requires new approaches to the organization of education, including the development of flexible, professional education, focused on the needs of areas of activity that are developing rapidly. The final part of the paper contains brief discussion of the situation in Ukraine in the spheres of employment and training. Deindustrialization in the past three decades has had a negative impact on the structure of employment and the specialization of university graduates. The emigration of young people is becoming an increasingly important factor affecting the labour market. It is concluded that for Ukraine, which is included in the international division of labour as a “junior partner,” the choice of the right strategy for specializing in economic activity and in the field of training (education) in the face of growing competition is an extremely important task.
Kadar Pigmen Total, Antosianin, dan Angka Lempeng Total Ikan Cakalang (Katsuwonus Pelamis L) Asap yang Direndam Larutan Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia Mangostana L)
Authors: Alfianto Fauzan , Onibala Hens , Mentang Feny , Agustin Agnes Triasih , Sanger Grace , Makapedua Daisy Monica , Dotulong Verly
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini. Untuk mendapatkan esktrak kulit buah manggis (Garcinia Mangostana L) yang dikeringkan selama 4 dan 8 hari sebagai bahan pengawet. Hasil yang diperoleh dari ikan cakalang asap yang direndam dalam larutan kulit buah Manggis memiliki nilai Total Plate Count  tertinggi terdapat pada hari ke 10  waktu pengeringan 8 hari lama perendaman 15 menit dengan nilai 1,50 koloni/gram. Sedangkan Nilai terendah 0 hari dengan waktu pengeringan 4 hari lama perendaman 30 menit dengan nilai 2,6 koloni/gram. Data Hasil Pigmen Total kandungan tertinggi terdapat pada pengeringan hari ke 4 dengan nilai 68,67g/g. sedangkan nilai terendah pengeringan 8 hari dengan nilai 19,95g/g. Data hasil Antosianin waktu pengeringan 4 hari memperoleh kadar 191,12 mg/L sedangkan Antosianin waktu pengeringan 8 dengan kadar 62,37 mg/L.
INDONESIAN LITERATURE POSITION IN WORLD LITERATURE
Authors: Kobis Dewi Christa
Published: July 2020

This research studies the position of Indonesia literature as a component of literature which can also be categorized as world literature. Due to the fact that Indonesian is sometimes underestimated because its identity as third world nation and this sometimes impacts the way of how foreign researchers value Indonesian’s intellectual products such as Indonesian literature, it is necessary to evaluate Indonesian position in world literature. This research is a qualitative study since it has conducted a library research and it has been completed through document analysis. This study uses Damrosch’s theory of world literature’s characteristics in order to check and to find out whether Indonesian literature can be categorized as world literature or not. Indonesian literary works that have been used as the objects of analysis for this study are Sangkuriang, Mahabharata, and literary works that have been written by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. At the end of this study, it has concluded that Indonesian literature fulfilled the three main characteristics of world literature that have been classified by Damrosch and is able to be categorized as world literature. This clearly demonstrates Indonesian clear position in world literature and also shows that Indonesian literature deserves to be categorized as world literature.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSLATION OF TABOO WORDS IN CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE MOVIE
Authors: Widhi Luthfira Isnaeni , Wahyuningsih Neneng Sri , Putranti Sulistini Dwi
Published: July 2020

This study is about an analysis of the translation of taboo words in “Central Intelligence” movie. It is to shed the type of taboo words and the procedures applied to translate the taboo words. The theories used in this study are from Timothy Jay (1992) to classify the types of taboo words and a theory from Peter Newmark (1987) to analyze the translation procedures. The data are taken from the movie entitled Central Intelligence by choosing 20 data out of 65 data of taboo words. The result of the analysis shows that are seven translation procedures employed in the translation of taboo word. They are cultural equivalent (seven data), reduction (four data), functional equivalent (three data), paraphrase (three data), naturalization, through translation and literal translation (one data each). For the types of the taboo words, the result shows that there are eight types of taboo words of the 20 selected data. They are insult and slurs (four data), profanity (one data), taboo (two data), epithets (three data), slang (four data), scatology (one data), vulgarity (three data) and cursing (two data) of ten types proposed by Timothy Jay. From this study, it is concluded that the taboo words from the SL cannot always be translated into the taboo words in the TL because of the cultural differences.
Effect of Herbal Fumes on Water pH in Traditionally Used Metal and Clay Containers
Authors: Chandel Ekta , Saini Ajit Singh
Published: July 2020

Effect of traditional metal pots made up of copper and brass along with clay pot are used for water storage in India in routine use as well as in rituals and Yagya. During Yagya herbal fumes are exposed to water stored in copper and clay pot. To understand the utility of the copper and clay container during Yagya, in the present study, the pH of water in copper, brass, clay and glass containers were recorded in the presence and absence of herbal fumes exposure. The study used only mango wood fumes in one set of experiments and in other set of experiment herbal mixture plus mango wood fumes in Gayatri Yagya was used. The herbal fumes plus mango wood fumes and mango wood fumes both significantly made water pH alkaline in nature. Specifically, herbal fumes during Gayatri Yagya caused significant increase in water pH in copper (mean difference 0.42; n=3; p=        0.0032) and clay pot (mean difference 0.46; n=3; p=0.0013) compared to control.  Interestingly, poring of water in brass pot (7.44 + 0.06; n=6; p<0.0001), clay pot (7.24+0.02; n=6; p=0.0013) and copper pot (7.26+0.06<0.0001) significantly increased water pH instantly it was added compared to control glass pot (7.13+0.04; n=6). Alkaline water utility has been well documented for human health and this study supports the scientific reasons behind traditional knowledge of Indian culture about storing drinking water in brass and copper vessels in daily routine as well during rituals.
Ser rico importa? Uma análise do efeito do patrimônio dos candidatos a vereador nos resultados eleitorais da Bahia em 2012
Authors: De Oliveira Yuri B.C. , Oliveira Rodrigo
Published: July 2020

Por conta de suas grandes implicações sobre a democracia, a influência do poder econômico nos resultados eleitorais foi amplamente discutida na Teoria Econômica e na Ciência Política. Baseado nessa literatura, este trabalho buscou medir o impacto do patrimônio dos candidatos a vereador na Bahia sobre os resultados eleitorais em 2012. Utilizando os dados das declarações de patrimônio e resultados eleitorais, disponibilizadas pelo Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, a estratégia empírica adotada foi a estimação de dois modelos econométricos, um modelo Probit e um modelo usando o Método dos Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários (MQO). Os resultados sugerem a confirmação da existência de influência do dinheiro nas disputas eleitorais baianas e mostram que: 1) quanto mais elevado for o patrimônio do candidato maior a probabilidade deste ser eleito; 2) um aumento de 10% no patrimônio dos candidatos está associado a um aumento, em média, de 0,4% na probabilidade de ser eleito e 1,5% no número total de votos obtidos; 3) candidatos incumbentes, isto é, que já ocupavam cargos políticos antes das eleições, tem uma maior probabilidade de sucesso eleitoral e obtém, em média, 114% a mais de votos do que os candidatos desafiantes; 4) os homens obtêm, em média, 90,7% a mais de votos do que as mulheres; 5) observou-se uma fraca correlação negativa entre as despesas de campanha e o sucesso eleitoral.
Data-driven Analytical Models of COVID-2019 for Epidemic Prediction, Clinical Diagnosis, Policy Effectiveness and Contact Tracing: A Survey
Authors: Mao Ying
Published: July 2020

The widely spread CoronaVirus Disease (COVID)- 19 is one of the worst infectious disease outbreaks in history and has become an emergency of primary international concern. As the pandemic evolves, academic communities have been actively involved in various capacities, including accurate epidemic estimation, fast clinical diagnosis, policy effectiveness evaluation and development of contract tracing technologies. There are more than 23,000 academic papers on the COVID-19 outbreak, and this number is doubling every 20 days while the pandemic is still on-going [1]. The literature, however, at its early stage, lacks a comprehensive survey from a data analytics perspective. In this paper, we review the latest models for analyzing COVID19 related data, conduct post-publication model evaluations and cross-model comparisons, and collect data sources from different projects.
Data-driven Public Health and Social Intervention Modeling to Promote Effective Policy Responses to Curtailing the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Qiu Robin
Published: July 2020

We
might have to live with COVID-19 until 2025 according to a recent report
published in Science! But if we act smartly, the adverse consequence of living
with the virus could be minimized. Currently, many states in the United States
are seeing spiking cases on a daily basis due to their inadequate policy
responses to COVID-19. This paper promotes more research on improving SEIR
modeling as it will play a critical role in facilitating the decision-making on
promoting and implementing appropriate public health and social interventions.
Hopefully, policymakers will listen to science and enact and implement adequate
policy responses in combating the COVID-19 pandemic in each of the states
across the United States so that we can win this “war” and be well prepared for
the promising future.
“Ciascuno cresce solo se sognato”
Authors: Cappello Gianna , Ranieri Maria
Published: July 2020

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Lukács entre política e ética
Authors: Infranca Antonino
Published: July 2020

O ensaio analisa o último período do pensamento do Lukács e, em particular, a sua reflexão sobre os problemas da política e da ética. Lukács sempre esteve interessado nas questões da política e da ética no curso de toda a sua produção intelectual. Depois da morte do Stalin, este interesse se revelou abertamente e sem limites. A crítica a Stalin e aos seus epígonos é a constante da sua reflexão política e ética. O velho Lukács desenvolve o conceito de democratização buscando estimular o início de um proceso de reestruturação política nos países do socialismo realizado. O ensaio analisa também a última entrevista de Lukács, conhecida como o seu Testamento político.
A Primeira Conferência Comunista Latino Americana. Buenos Aires, junho de 1929.
Authors: Vianna Marly
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo pretende entender as deficiências teóricas – e, portanto, práticas – do PCB na década de 1920. Para isso analisa a participação dos comunistas brasileiros na Primeira Conferência dos Partidos Comunistas Latino-Americanos, realizada em Buenos Aires em junho de 1929.
Comparative Analysis Between Pre-test/Post-test Model and Post-test-only Model in Achieving the Learning Outcomes
Authors: Rabail Alam Tayyaba Gul Malik
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of pre-test/post-test model with post-test-only model in achieving the learning outcomes of a lecture of 45 minutes.

Study Design: Quasi experimental study.

Study Place and Study Period: Rashid Latif Medical College, in 2018.

Sample Collection: Non-probability convenience sampling.

Material and Methods: 131 students of fourth year MBBS in a private medical college of Pakistan were selected for the study. Students of the same year and same college were included in the study. Two teaching models were compared on the same set of students at different time-periods. Pre-test followed by post-test model was compared with post-test-only model. In the pre-test/post-test design, the students were given a test before the lecture was delivered. The same test was given after a lecture of 45 minutes. The same group of students were taught another topic in another lecture of 45 minutes. There was no pre-test this time. 50 percent score was selected as the passing criteria.

Results: There were 131 students, 66 males and 65 females (ratio of 1.01:1). In the pre-test/post-test model, 82% (n = 107) students passed the test while 5% (n = 6) failed. 14% (n = 18) students scored borderline marks. In the post-test-only model, 57% (n = 74) students passed the test while 6% (n = 8) failed. 37% (n = 49) students scored borderline marks.

Conclusion: Pre-test/post-test model was significantly more effective in students in achieving the learning outcomes in a lecture as compared to post-test only model (p < 0.01).

Key Words: Pre-test Post-test teaching model, Post-test-only design, Evaluation.
Difference in Central Corneal Thickness between Applanation Ultrasound and Oculus Wave � 152 Light Occulyzer II
Authors: Shakir Zafar Munira Shakir, Ronak Afza Memon Sahira Wasim
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To determine the mean difference of central corneal thickness measurements by using ultrasound Pachymetry and oculus Wave light Occulyzer II. Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative study using non-probability consecutive sampling. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Department of Ophthalmology, Liaquat National Hospital Karachi from November 2018 to June 2019. Material & Methods: After approval from ethical committee, patients were included in our study on the basis of inclusion & exclusion criteria. Central corneal thickness measurements were taken by using ultrasound Pachymetry & oculus Wave light Occulyzer II. All the data was collected by single researcher. The results were plotted, compared & analyzed. Paired t-test was used for the comparison of quantitative variables. Results: There were 130 patients included in the study out of which 73 (56.2%) were males and 57 (43.8%) were females. Mean age of these patients was 33.9 � 8.9 years. The mean � SD thinnest oculus Wave light Occulyzer II measurement was 538.61 � 23.46 ?m and ranged between 476.0 and 619.0 ?m whereas the mean thinnest ultrasound Pachymetry measurement was 535.1 � 21.816 ?m and ranged between 482 and 601 ?m. There was highly significant correlation of central corneal thickness between both the instruments. (r = 0.96, p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is a high correlation of central corneal thickness between the readings obtained from ultrasound and optical pachymetry machines therefore oculus Wave light Occulyzer II can be used as an alternative technique to ultrasound pachymetry while assessing CCT in clinical settings. Key Words: Central corneal thickness, Ultrasound Pachymetry, Optical Pachymetry.