bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Confounding Role of Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Animal Models of Cancer Immunotherapy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ashraf Hami , Heydarnejad Mohammad , Kosari Farid
Published: April 2024

Background: Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a transformative approach for treating various malignancies, including melanoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and leukemia. Animal models have been instrumental in elucidating the mechanisms and potential of these therapies. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is an inherent challenge in these studies, primarily because the introduction of foreign immune cells or tissues often triggers immune responses. Methods: A detailed systematic search was conducted across various scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. The search aimed to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English from January 2000 to September 2023. Keywords and phrases used in the search included "Graft-versus-Host Disease", "GVHD", "animal models", "cancer immunotherapy", and combinations thereof. Boolean operators (AND/OR) were employed to refine the search. Finally, 6 articles were included in this systematic review, which is registered on PROSPERO (ID number CRD42024488544). Results: Our systematic review identified several mechanisms employed in animal studies to mitigate the confounding effects of GVHD. These included genetically modified mouse models, immunosuppressive drugs, and humanized mice. Furthermore, the review highlights innovative approaches such as selective T-cell depletion and the use of specific cytokine inhibitors. Conclusion: By systematically identifying and mitigating the confounding effects of GVHD, we can significantly improve the predictive validity of preclinical trials, obtain broadly applicable findings, improve the efficiency of drugs, enhance safety profiling, and develop better therapeutic strategies. This approach is crucial in ensuring that the immunotherapeutic strategies developed in the laboratory are reflective of the human physiological response, thereby bridging a critical translational gap in oncological research.
Synchronous Double Primary Angiosarcoma Originating from the Stomach and Rectum: A Case Report and a Literature Review
Authors: Kapagan Tanju , Bulut Nilufer , Erdem Gokmen Umut , Yıldırım Suleyman , Erdem Zeynep Betul , Sahin Halil
Published: April 2024

Angiosarcomas originating from the gastrointestinal tract are rare but highly aggressive tumors with poor prognosis. These tumors can be misdiagnosed as benign and malignant gastrointestinal tract lesions. The definitive histological diagnosis of angiosarcomasis made by pathologists based on immunohistochemical analysis demonstrating cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), factor VIII-related antigen (FVIIIRAg), erythroblast transformation specific related gene (ERG), and cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34). Angiosarcomas are treated with a single or multimodality approach that may include resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and palliative care, depending on the stage of disease and the condition of the patient. No matter the treatment option, metastasis and death rates are substantially highin patients with angiosarcoma. In this context, a 59-year-old male with synchronous double primary angiosarcoma arising from the gastric and rectum who presented with the complaint of abdominal pain and distention to the outpatient clinic is presented in this case report, along with a brief literature review.
Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Iran Based on Sex, Age, and Geographical Regions: A Study of 2014–2017 and Projected Rates to 2025
Authors: AziziKia Hani , Teymourzadeh Azin , Kouchaki Hosein , Nakhostin-Ansari Amin , Jafari Doudaran Pooya , Ahmadinejad Izadmehr , Hoveidaei Armin , Roshandel Gholamreza
Published: April 2024

Background: While there has been extensive research on colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and its associated factors in Iran, a significant gap exists in studies predicting its future trends. Our study aimed to thoroughly report CRC incidence across Iran from 2014 to 2017, by sex, age, and geographical regions, and provide a projection for 2025. Methods: This retrospective study utilized data from the Iranian National Population-based Cancer Registry (INPCR). Patients with the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd Edition (ICD-O-3) codes C18 to C21 were included. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASR), was calculated per 100000 individuals annually, and crude incidence rates were retrieved for various demographic groups and years. Results: Between 2014 and 2017, a total of 43580 new CRC cases (55.96% males) were registered. Men exhibited an ASR of 134.45, while women’s ASR was 94.85. The highest ASRs were observed in Tehran, Qom, and Ilam (18.99, 18.26, and 18.06, respectively). Incidence rates surpassed 20 after age 50 for both genders, reaching their peak within the 80–84 age group. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological type of CRC in nearly all provinces. Case numbers and ASRs are projected to continuously rise until 2025, with a predominance of male cases. Conclusion: The anticipated increase in CRC incidence in Iran emphasizes the need for additional studies to better identify risk factors. Furthermore, implementing screening programs is recommended for individuals at a higher risk of CRC, including men, the elderly population, and those residing in regions with a notable prevalence of CRC.
Clinical Phenotype and Disease Course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Iran: Results of the Iranian Registry of Crohn’s and Colitis (IRCC)
Authors: Saberzadeh-Ardestani Bahar , Khosravi Amir Ali , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz , Vahedi Homayoon , Baniasadi Nadieh , Seyyedmajidi Mohammadreza , Parhizkar Baran , Hormati Ahmad , Naghshbandi Sayed Jalalledin , Matin Somaieh , Hassan Zadeh Amir Abbas , Taghvaei Tarang , Bahrami Mohsen , Rafeey Mandana , Ahadi Mitra , Vossoughinia Hassan , Muosavi Hashem , Gheibi Shahsanam , Hosseini-Hemmatabadi Roya-Sadat , Yazdanbod Abbas , Matinkhah Saied , Sheikh Esmaeili Farshad , Fakheri Hafez , Moosavy Seyed Hamid , Maleki Iradj , Nasseri-Moghaddam Siavosh , Khosravi Bardia , Farahmand Fatemeh , Najafi Mehri , Alimadadi Hosein , Malekzadeh Masoud , Anushiravani Amir , Kasaeian Amir , Alatab Sudabeh , Sadeghi Anahita , Radmard Amir Reza , Kolahdoozan Shadi , Rajabi Zeynab , Sima Ali Reza
Published: April 2024

Background: Data on the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the Middle East are scarce. We aimed to describe the clinical phenotype, disease course, and medication usage of IBD cases from Iran in the Middle East. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of registered IBD patients in the Iranian Registry of Crohn’s and Colitis (IRCC) from 2017 until 2022. We collected information on demographic characteristics, past medical history, family history, disease extent and location, extra-intestinal manifestations, IBD medications, and activity using the IBD-control-8 questionnaire and the Manitoba IBD index, admissions history, history of colon cancer, and IBD-related surgeries. Results: In total, 9746 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) (n=7793), and Crohn’s disease (CD) (n=1953) were reported. The UC to CD ratio was 3.99. The median age at diagnosis was 29.2 (IQR: 22.6,37.6) and 27.6 (IQR: 20.6,37.6) for patients with UC and CD, respectively. The male-to-female ratio was 1.28 in CD patients. A positive family history was observed in 17.9% of UC patients. The majority of UC patients had pancolitis (47%). Ileocolonic involvement was the most common type of involvement in CD patients (43.7%), and the prevalence of stricturing behavior was 4.6%. A prevalence of 0.3% was observed for colorectal cancer among patients with UC. Moreover,15.2% of UC patients and 38.4% of CD patients had been treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF). Conclusion: In this national registry-based study, there are significant differences in some clinical phenotypes such as the prevalence of extra-intestinal manifestations and treatment strategies such as biological use in different geographical locations.
EBV-Associated Gastric Cancer; An In Situ Hybridization Assay on Tissue Microarray: A Multi-Region Study from Four Major Provinces of Iran
Authors: Abolhasani Maryam , Mohseni Ata ollah , Shakeri Ramin , Khavanin Ali , Khajehei Mehrdad , Omidi Abbasali , Geramizadeh Bita , Shafigh Ensieh , Naghshvar Farshad , Fathizadeh Payam , Taghizadehgan Leyla , Gharib Atoosa , Gulley Margaret L. , Dawsey Sanford M. , Malekzadeh Reza , Rabkin Charles S. , Vasei Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Background: Gastric cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. The identification of gastric cancer subtypes related to recognizable microbial agents may play a pivotal role in the targeted prevention and treatment of this cancer. The current study is conducted to define the frequency of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in gastric cancers of four major provinces, with different incidence rates of gastric cancers, in Iran. Methods: Paraffin blocks of 682 cases of various types of gastric cancer from Tehran, South and North areas of Iran were collected. Twelve tissue microarray (TMA) blocks were constructed from these blocks. Localization of EBV in tumors was assessed by in situ hybridization (ISH) for EBV-encoded RNA (EBER). Chi-squared test was used to evaluate the statistical significance between EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) and clinicopathologic tumor characteristics. Results: Fourteen out of 682 cases (2.1%) of gastric adenocarcinoma were EBER-positive. EBER was positive in 8 out of 22 (36.4%) of medullary carcinomas and 6 out of 660 (0.9%) of non-medullary type, which was a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). The EBVaGCs were more frequent in younger age (P=0.009) and also showed a trend toward the lower stage of the tumor (P=0.075). Conclusion: EBV-associated gastric adenocarcinoma has a low prevalence in Iran. This finding can be due to epidemiologic differences in risk factors and exposures, and the low number of gastric medullary carcinomas in the population. It may also be related to gastric tumor heterogeneity not detected with the TMA technique.
Predictors of Recurrent Urolithiasis in Iran: Findings from a Nationwide Study
Authors: Basiri Abbas , Kashi Amir Hossein , Zahir Mazyar , Borumandnia Nasrin , Taheri Maryam , Golshan Shabnam , Narouie Behzad , Mombeini Hayat
Published: April 2024

Background: Prevention of urinary stone recurrence is the ultimate goal in urolithiasis patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate the national prevalence rate and possible determinants of increased urolithiasis recurrence risk in a nationwide study in Iran. Methods: All data regarding stone occurrence and recurrence episodes were extracted from the cross-sectional Iran National Stone Survey (INSS) study, and the possible determinants of recurrence were evaluated in the subset of 2913 patients who had a positive history of at least one episode of urolithiasis. Results: The national prevalence rate of recurrent urolithiasis was 2.6% (95% CI: 2.5, 2.8) in Iran. Moreover, the relative ratio of recurrent stone formers to all stone formers was 39.8% (95% CI: 38.0, 41.6). Our univariable truncated negative binomial regressions suggested that a positive history of urolithiasis in the patient’s father (prevalence ratio [PR] [95% CI]=1.83 [1.39, 2.41], P<0.001), mother (PR [95% CI]=1.92 [1.39, 2.66], P<0.001) or brother (PR [95% CI]=1.32 [1.03, 1.69], P=0.026); and residence in urban areas (PR [95% CI]=1.27 [1.04, 1.55], P=0.016) were significant predictors of repetitive recurrence episodes. However, when incorporated into a multivariable truncated negative binomial regression model, the only significant predictors of more frequent recurrence episodes were a positive history in father (PR [95% CI]=1.66 [1.24, 2.22], P<0.001) and mother (PR [95% CI]=1.68 [1.20, 2.36], P=0.002); and urban residence (PR [95% CI]=1.24 [1.01, 1.51], P=0.031). Conclusion: Our results indicate that a positive family history of urolithiasis in mother and father and residence in urban areas are the significant predictors of recurrence risk in urolithiasis patients in Iran.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with HER2-Negative Breast Cancer: A Report from Clinical Breast Cancer Registry of Iran
Authors: Roudini Kamran , Mirzania Mehrzad , Yavari Tahereh , Seyyedsalehi Monireh Sadat , Nahvijou Azin , Zebardast Jayran , Saadat Mina , Khajeh- Mehrizi Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) has become an increasingly popular approach in management of breast cancer (BC). This study was conducted to evaluate the pathologic response and 36-month recurrence and survival rates of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative BC treated with different NCT regimens. Methods: A total of 163 female patients with HER2-negative BC who received NCT during 2017-2020 were identified from the Clinical Breast Cancer Registry of Iran and entered the study. The prescribed NCT regimens included 4 cycles of doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide, 4 cycles of doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by 4 cycles of paclitaxel, 4 cycles of doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by 4 cycles of docetaxel or 6 cycles of doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide plus docetaxel (TAC). Results: Thirty-two patients (19.6%) experienced pathologic complete response (pCR). TAC regimen, triple negative-BC and ki67>10% were significantly associated with increased pCR. The recurrence, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rate at 36 months for all patients were 16.6%, 84.7% and 79.8%, respectively. Type of neoadjuvant regimen as well as age, hormone receptor status, Ki67, grade, clinical stage, type of surgery and pathologic response to chemotherapy did not significantly influence the survival and recurrence; however, TAC results in improved recurrence, OS and DFS rates. Conclusion: This study provides further evidence that NCT is a viable treatment option for patients with HER2-negative BC. The TAC regimen resulted in a significantly higher pCR rate compared to other regimens, but did not result in a significant improvement in recurrence, OS and DFS and rates.
Towards sustainable development in the European Union: a critical raw materials perspective
Authors: Tomala Justyna , Urbaniec Maria
Published: April 2024

Sustainability is a key goal of the European Union, which is seen as a global leader of change in tackling climate change, as well as building green economic sustainability, leading to greater social prosperity. A milestone of sustainable development to support the European Union in achieving climate neutrality is the European Green Deal. Its initiatives aim to build a competitive and innovative EU economy while respecting and protecting the environment. According to current priorities, the European Union aims to become the first climate-neutral continent by 2050, thanks to critical raw materials. The purpose of this article is to analyse and assess the impact of critical raw materials on the sustainability of the European Union. The study uses a scoping review methodology and statistical analysis based on the Shapiro-Wilk test and Spearman correlation coefficient. The results show that critical raw materials are important for achieving sustainable development and implementing the EU economy towards climate neutrality. This paper contributes to the literature on sustainability. It can also provide important information for policymakers to understand how to shape green policies in the context of the strategic importance of critical raw materials in the transformation of an eco-innovative economy.
Pülümür Çayı-Roj Deresi (Kutudere, Tunceli, Türkiye) Salmo munzuricus Turan, Kottelat & Kaya, 2017 (Teleostei: Salmonidae) Popülasyonunun İlk Kaydı)n İlk Kayıt
Authors: Kocabaş Mehmet , Turan Davut , Kutluyer Kocabaş Filiz
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmada, Munzur Deresi’nde dağılım gösterdiği bilinen Salmo munzuricus Turan,
Kottelat & Kaya, 2017 türünün Pülümür Çayı’nın bir kolu olan Roj Deresi’nden ilk defa kaydı
verilmektedir. Elde edilen bireyler yakın havzadaki diğer alabalık türleri ile karşılaştırıldığında
bu popülasyonun diğer popülasyonlardan farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca bu çalışmada, türe
ait morfolojik karakterler detaylı olarak sunulmuştur.
Estimation single output with a hybrid of ANFIS and MOPSO_HS
Authors: Yelghi Aref
Published: April 2024

In the field of soft computing, the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) has been more well-liked in recent years for its predictive capabilities. Appropriate ANFIS parameter adjusting is critical, which creates a gap in its predictive integration with traditional optimization techniques. Although some academics have concentrated on incorporating single-objective optimization, they frequently encounter issues with reliability and stability when striving to solve problems. In this work, an innovative multi-objective optimization technique that integrates ANFIS with MOPSO_HS is introduced. The model has consistency in problem solving and shows accurate predictions for both odd and even interval input models. In addition, three actual datasets are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested model's integration. A comparison is made between the suggested integrated model and established algorithms after 20 runs of analysis. The algorithm's accuracy, stability, and dependability in resolving integration problems are demonstrated by the results, which also show how superior it is to alternative approaches.
Goñerrin aurkitutako beste sei testu
Authors: Ondarra Francisco
Published: April 2024

Sei euskal testu berri ematen ditugu hemen. Aldizkari honetan argitaratu genituen beste hamar testurekin eta oraindik argia ikusi ez duten beste askorekin bilduma bat osatzen dute. Goñerrin dagoen Munarritzen izan ziren aurkituak denak orain dela hirurogeitamar urte eta bilduma horretan 4. eta 9. sailak betetzen dituzte. Uste dugunez, 18. mendeko bukaeran edo 19.aren hasieran idatziak dira.
Saiatzen gara azaltzen nor edo zer zen beren idazlea, eta non eta noiz egiñak izan ziren eta zein euskalkitan, horretarako baliatzen garela gramatikak eta hiztegiak esakaintzen dizkiguten argibideez.
Fidela Bernat anderea, euskal hiztun erronkariarra (I)
Authors: Artola Koldo
Published: April 2024

Aurreko lerroetan barrena erronkarieraz mintzo den ustezko azken hiztunak emaniko aditz-sorta luze xamarra biltzen da, zein bere testuinguruaren arabera, honek, noski, suposatzen duen bestelako ekarpen batzurekin batera. Alabaina, hemen bildurikoa modu indikatiboaren bi zati besterik ez dira, nor eta nork-nor direlakoak, alegia, Fidela andereak kontserbatu dituen bakarrak nahiz bi zaiotan euskalki honetakoak diren yi eta zu-kako alokutiboak ongi mantendu dituen. Erronkariko aditzaren desitxuratze eta galeraren berri Azkuek, 1931. urtean argitara emaniko "Particularidades del dialecto roncalás" izeneko lanean, agerian utzi zuen.
Textos antiguos vascos. Acotaciones
Authors: Oregui Aramburu Josu
Published: April 2024

El autor de este trabajo presenta algunas correcciones de lectura e interpretación sobre datos de cinco cartas de espionaje militar en el s. XVI, recogidos en el artículo «Miscelánea de textos antiguos vascos» por José M. Satrústegui en esta revista (FLV 58, 1992, p. 283-299).
Navigating the Ethical Landscape of Multimodal Learning Analytics: A Guiding Framework
Authors: Alwahaby Haifa , Cukurova Mutlu
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) and multimodal data (MMD) are gaining popularity in education for their ability to monitor and support complex teaching and learning processes. This line of research and practice was recently named Multimodal Learning Analytics (MMLA). However, MMLA raise serious ethical concerns given the pervasive nature of MMD and the opaque AI techniques that process them. This study aims to explore ethical concerns related to MMLA use in higher education and proposes a framework for raising awareness of these concerns, which could lead to more ethical MMLA research and practice. This chapter presents the findings of 60 interviews with educational stakeholders (39 higher education students, 12 researchers, 8 educators, and 1 representative of an MMLA company). A thematic coding of verbatim transcriptions revealed nine distinct themes. The themes and associated probing questions for MMLA stakeholders are presented as a draft of the first ethical MMLA framework. The chapter is concluded with a discussion of the emerging themes and suggestions for MMLA research and practice.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN RAT LYMPH NODES DURING INTRALYMPHATIC IMMUNOSTIMULATION WITH ACID PEPTIDOGLYCAN
Authors: Parshin Dmitry , Mikhaylichenko Vyacheslav , Bondarenko Nadezhda , Gorbunov Alexey , Voronkov Denis , Voronov Alexander , Bezrukov Oleg , Trofimov Peter , Stul Tatyana
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this research was to study the characteristics of the immunohistochemical reaction of lymph nodes after intralymphatic immunostimulation with acid peptidoglycan in a rat model. Material and Methods: Immunostimulation was modeled in groups by introducing APG with a molecular weight of 1000–40000 kDa at a dose of 0.3 U. The drug was administered intramuscularly in the comparison group (n=30) and intralymphatically in the main group (n=30), on days 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10 of the experiment. Hyaluronidase was used as a lymphotropic substance at a dose of 0.07 U. We used Bcl-2 rabbit antibodies, сlone: SP66 (Roche, Switzerland) and CD-3 antibodies (PrimeBioMed, Russia). The UltraVision Quanto Detection System HRP Polymer (ThermoFisher, USA) was used as a detection system. Results: Intralymphatic administration of APG gives an immunostimulating effect on the third day from the start of administration. Meanwhile, with intramuscular immunostimulation, the effect occurred only on the seventh day of the experiment (p≤0.05). Immunohistochemical studies using Bcl-2 and CD-3 showed the effectiveness of APG as an immunostimulator, which was confirmed by increased expression of CD-3+, while an increase in the pool of Bcl-2+ cells indicated strengthened barrier and anti-apoptotic properties of lymph nodes. The duration of the immunostimulating effect depended on the route of APG administration. With the lymphatic route of administration, the effect occurred on the third day, with the intramuscular route – on the seventh day from the start of administration of the immunostimulant (p≤0.05). Conclusion: An APG based drug stimulates the expression of genes for signaling receptors of immune effectors, which increases their sensitivity to pathogens of various natures and elicits an adequate immune response in the body.
Design of Children's Game "Buddhist Relics" to Introduce the History of Civilization and Culture in Borobudur Temple
Authors: Pratiwi Amelia Eka , Yafi Zephan Ali , Sartono Sartono
Published: April 2024

Borobudur is one of the historical heritages in the world whose beauty can still be enjoyed and the history of the founding of the Borobudur temple and its relics can also be identified. Not all people in Indonesia know the geographical location of Borobudur temple, let alone what historical heritage is in the Borobudur area, it can be used as a game to attract the interest of the younger generation to find out about cultural heritage and preserve it so that it is not lost to the erodes of time. Borobudur Temple has a story message for its people, namely a story about the teachings of norms, morals, and morals that humans must have in everyday life. Apart from that, the development of games in Indonesia is increasingly popular. It is not only a medium of entertainment but can also be a medium of education for its users. With this foundation, the author created an educational game about the relics of the Borobudur temple with the game title "Treasure in Borobudur". The aim is so that children in Indonesia do not forget history along with the rapid development of technology.
O assombro e a profecia na poética de Primo Levi
Authors: Petel Karla Louise de Almeida
Published: April 2024

O italiano e sobrevivente do Holocausto, Primo Levi, é considerado o maior expoente da prosa testemunhal do pós-guerra. Seu trabalho poético, entretanto, parece estar localizado no vértice disso: caracterizando-se a priori como mais esporádico e menos conhecido. Este artigo objetiva, portanto, pensar qual o seu lugar na linha do tempo e no quadro de suas produções literárias. A pesquisa aborda também os principais aspectos da poesia de Levi, tanto no que diz respeito à forma como no que concerne ao conteúdo. Para tanto, analisa-se, em termos gerais, as linhas de força que constroem sua identidade como escritor de textos em versos, através de dois temas que potencialmente se alastram pelos seus poemas – o assombro e a profecia (cuja relação com a experiência do Lager está dada). A partir desse par temático, desdobram-se outros tópicos associados, que serão também contemplados através de uma reflexão crítica e interpretativa, perfazendo ainda um caminho de busca pelo inconsciente dos textos.
Frequency migration challenges and strategic decisions-making in broadband wireless access networks
Authors: Sulaeman Maman , Wasesa Meditya
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The impetus for this study lies in the pressing need for telecommunication companies to adapt to the rapidly evolving technological landscape and regulatory environment to maintain competitiveness and meet increasing consumer demands.
Method: This study conducted a comprehensive analysis using SWOT analysis, Qualitative Data Analysis, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the best course of action.
Results: This study navigates through the initial stages of identifying the strategic, operational, and financial implications of PT. XYZ Frequency Migration. It delves into the background of Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) technology, the significance of the 3.3 GHz and 10 GHz bands in telecommunications, and the broader context of industry trends necessitating this shift. Methodologically, this research integrates SWOT, stakeholder, qualitative data analysis (QDA), and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to provide a holistic understanding of the complexities of migration. This multi-faceted approach facilitates a comprehensive evaluation of the technological, operational, and strategic aspects of migration and offers nuanced insights into the challenges and opportunities inherent in the transition to the 10 GHz band. The study proposes that the convergence of various factors necessitates a strategic realignment that encompasses operational efficiency, technical excellence, financial prudence, regulatory compliance, and customer focus to effectively adapt to the 10 GHz spectrum.
Contributions: This study contributes to the academic and practical understanding of network migration within the telecommunications sector, offering nuanced insights into the complexities of transitioning to higher frequency bands. It provides a framework for other telecommunications entities considering similar migrations, emphasizing the importance of a multifaceted strategic approach to navigating challenges and leveraging opportunities presented by such technological advancements.
MODEL PENENTUAN JUMLAH PRODUKSI MENGGUNAKAN LOGIKA FUZZY PADA UMKM STRUDEL KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Nabil Bayyinah Aulia , Dwiyantara Mulya Faisal , Dila Puspita Maura , Fiqr M. Raushan , Luqyana Gunawan Salma
Published: April 2024

Dalam menghadapi persaingan pasar yang semakin ketat, UMKM Strudel Kota Bogor yang bergerak dibidang kuliner perlu melakukan strategi yang tepat untuk dapat memenangkan persaingan pasar. Faktor keberhasilan yang mendukung salah satunya pemenuhan jumlah produksi optimal. Namun, ketidakstabilan permintaan yang tinggi pada saat akhir pekan dan rendah pada saat hari kerja mengakibatkan sulitnya menentukan jumlah produksi yang tepat. Hal ini menjadi salah satu penyebab sering terjadinya stockout. Dibutuhkan suatu sistem pendukung keputusan untuk membantu dalam membuat keputusan. Metode logika fuzzy digunakan sebagai solusi untuk mengatasi bias dalam pengambilan keputusan dengan mempertimbangkan tingkat variabel dalam rentang tertentu. Penelitian ini menggunakan data variabel input dan output selama satu bulan terakhir yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dan observasi. Variabel yang digunakan diantaranya bahan baku,permintaan, persediaan, dan jumlah produksi. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, diperoleh jumlah produksi optimal untuk strudel varian apel sebanyak 60 pcs untuk periode produksi berikutnya.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS GUNA MEMINIMALKAN JUMLAH CACAT PADA PRODUK NICE BURLWOOD CONSOLE TABLE
Authors: Rachmawati Maya , Purnama Jaka
Published: April 2024

PT. Romi Violeta merupakan salah satu perusahaan mebel di Indonesia yang bergerak di bidang rotan dan kayu. Salah satu produk yang paling banyak dihasilkan adalah Nice Burlwood Console Table. Diketahui produk tersebut sering mengalami kerusakan di luar standar kualitas perusahaan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi factor penyebab kecacatan dan menerapkan strategi perbaikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Quality Control Circle (QCC) untuk menganalisis sebab-akibat dari setiap jenis cacat dan Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) dengan menetapkan Risk Priority Number (RPN) tertinggi untuk menemukan solusi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat jenis cacat utama yaitu lem/dempul (124 unit), poor assamblyng (63 unit), veneer cacat (48 unit), dan poor sanding (34 unit) yang dipengaruhi oleh factor manusia, metode, material, dan lingkungan. Hasil RPN tertinggi terjadi pada jenis cacat lem/dempul dengan nilai sebesar 180. Rekomendasi perbaikan yang perlu dilakukan diantaranya adalah menetapkan SOP dan memperketat tenaga pengawasan terhadap karyawan yang sering membuat kerusakan. Dari hasil startegi perbaikan tersebut, telah diperoleh penurunan proporsi cacat dari 4,6% menjadi 3,4%.
IMPACT OF POLYMERS, DIFFERENT IRRIGATION PROGRAMS AND SELENIUM FOLIAR ON REDUCING AMOUNT OF IRRIGATION WATER FOR IRIS PLANTS
Authors: Istabraq. A. Aziz  , Jawad S. A. Abd Al-Latif
Published: April 2024

The experiment was carried out in one of the green houses of the research station A of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design during fall season 2020/2021 This study was aimed to reducing the amount of irrigation water using factorial experiment with in split plot designed by The study included three factor ,  First factor, the quality of irrigation water (main plots) and at three levels: (irrigation with water from the Tigris River 0.92 dm s-1(I0), alternating irrigation (one irrigation with saline water followed by irrigation with the water of the Tigris River(I1), Alternating irrigation (two irrigations with saline water, followed by irrigation with the water of the Tigris River(I2), Second factor was the addition of Polyacrylamide (0, 1.5,2.5) g of soil-1 his symbol(P0,P1.P2). Third factor was spraying with selenium with three concentrations (0, 10,20)  mg L-1 his symbol (S0,S1,S2) The results showed The addition of polymers led to decrease in the amount of irrigation water used to irrigate Iris, as the amount of irrigation water decreased with an increase in the concentrations of added polymers. Also, the polymers contributed at a concentration of 2.5 g kg of soil-1 percentage of dry matter in leaves, percentage of carbohydrates in leaves, N, P, K,  percentage  the water potential in the leaves, relative water content, stomata area and the reduction in the activity of the enzyme Superoxide dismutase led to an increase in the salinity of the irrigation water to a decrease in all characteristics and an increases in the activity of the sod and spraying with selenium at a concentration of 20 mgL-1 increased all study parameters and reduced enzyme activityed.
RESPONSE OF SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF WHEAT GROWTH TO SPRAYING WITH VITAMIN B9 AND E
Authors: H. A. Baqir  , N. H. Zeboon
Published: April 2024

Over the course of two winter periods, researchers at the Agricultural Experiment Unit, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, studied the effects of covering wheat (the Al-Furat variety) and “vitamins B9” (“folic acid”) and E “(tocopherol)” on a number of growth traits. Three independent trials were conducted utilizing a factorial design within a Randomized Complete Block Design. The first component was folic acid at 0, 250, and 500 mg L-1; the second component was vitamin E at 0, 1, and 2 ml L-1. At the start of the tillering and flowering stages, both vitamins were applied. All measured characteristics (plant height, flag leaf area, total tiller count, plant dry weight at booting and 100% blooming phases, and “vitamin B9” 500 mg L-1) were found exceeded at this dosage. Aside from that, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b content in leaves, and the pace of crop growth.Since the focus of 2 ml L-1 was higher than most of the attributes, applying vitamin E influenced the growth characteristics. The number of tillers, plant dry weight, crop growth rate, total chlorophyll, biological yield, chlorophyll a and b  in leaves.
EFFICACY OF PROBIOTICS AND ESSENTIAL OILS AS ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTIC GROWTH PROMOTERS IN BROILER CHICKENS
Authors: W. M. Al-Younes  , A. M. Abdelqader  , M. KH. Abuajamieh  , K. O. Nassar
Published: April 2024

The current study was carried out on broiler chickens to assess whether probiotics or essential oils could be utilized instead of antibiotics growth promoters (AGP) in typical feed formulations, to determine their effectiveness. A total of 2250 broiler chicks at one-day old age were allocated into 5 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 9 replicates per treatment and 50 chicks/replicate. The Probiotic included three strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the essential oil (EO) was a blend of Cinnamaldehyde-Thymol, and the AGP was Lincomycin™. These additives were added to the basal diets (BD) to formulate the following dietary treatments (T): (T1) control-fed BD that is regularly used by broiler farmers (T2) control-fed BD that is regularly used by broiler farmers and supplemented with Lincomycin™ (100 g/ton) as AGP; (T3) fed BD + Probiotics (Enviva® PRO 60 g/ton); (T4) fed BD + EO (Enviva® 100g/ton); and (T5) fed BD + combination of both probiotics and EO with the same doses used in T3 and T4.  The study findings demonstrated that the use of probiotics or essential oils did not have any significant impact on the average body weight gain, final body weight, feed conversion ratio, or footpad lesion scores when compared to the AGP group. It was concluded that replacing the AGP with probiotics or EO, as natural feed additives, had no negative effects on broiler performance. The probiotic strains or the EO could be safe alternatives to AGP.
DETECTION OF MYCOPLASMA DISPAR IN BOVINE RESPIRATORY DISEASE BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ASSAY IN SULAIMANIYAH CITY
Authors: Shilan Faqe Muhammad Salih
Published: April 2024

This study was aimed to identification and detection of Mycoplasma dispar by conventional real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays followed by routine hematoxylin & eosin technique to further confirmation of Mycoplasma species related to the lesions observed in diseased calves. Ten samples of infected lung tissue were gathered and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and handled for making a microscopic slide after confirming Mycoplasma dispar infection by PCR. Histopathological examination of the lung revealed two types of pneumonia; chronic suppurative pneumonia in 60% of the cases and 40% of diffuse interstitial pneumonia. Mycoplasma dispar was confirmed based on genetic analysis. Slemani/2018 field isolate showed 99.84% homologies with four reference isolates of Mycoplasma dispar in NCBI GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a close relation to Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and Mycoplasma flocculare, often isolated from sheep and goats. Therefore, further study is crucial to identify Iraqi livestock's circulating Mycoplasma species related to respiratory diseases.
OOC ADC: A Novel Three-Step Technique for Analog-to-Digital Conversion
Authors: Zhang Guo-Liu
Published: April 2024

This paper explore the Off-on Cycle ADC (OOC ADC), an innovative analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) technique that significantly simplifies the analog-to-digital conversion process by accomplishing it through just three steps: inputting the analog signal, triggering the probe’s dip-and-reset motion (PDR), and outputting the binary digital signal. Initially, the paper establishes a theoretical foundation for subsequent ADC design by introducing the Off-on Cycle principle (OOC principle) in binary encoding rules. Subsequently, it illustrates the design concepts and operational principles of the OOC ADC through the illustrative example of a 4-bit precision OOC ADC design. Finally, the paper compares the superior performance of the OOC ADC over existing ADCs in terms of conversion rate, resolution, process complexity, and power consumption. The research findings in this paper have the potential to drastically reduce the technical difficulties involved in analog-to-digital conversion, facilitate technological advancements in the realm of digital signal processing.
Interference Localization and Mitigation in Synthetic Aperture Radars Using Variable Space-Frequency Filter
Authors: Hendy Nermine , Al-Hourani Akram , Kraus Thomas , Schandri Maximilian , Bachmann Markus , Fayek Haytham M.
Published: April 2024

Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is
a daunting challenge that affects the SAR sensing reliability and its
image quality. To ensure that SAR remains a powerful tool for Earth
observation, this paper presents an effective two-dimensional tuneable
attenuation space-frequency (azimuth-range) filtration. This framework
is based on key components including time-frequency features of level-0
SAR data, radar antenna pattern, and the estimated parameters of the
interference signal. Additionally, a signal power localization method is
applied to estimate the relative position of the interference source
with 95% accuracy to facilitate applying the tuneable filter. Simulated
results are obtained using a public open-source spaceborne SAR emulator,
SEMUS, for generating emulated clean and contaminated SAR raw data.
Furthermore, the filtration framework is successfully tested on
real-life interference events on the TerraSAR-X satellite raw data.
Undecidability and rationality of numbers
Authors: Samuel Abasianie
Published: April 2024

The concept of rationality or irrationality of real numbers has
been a fundamental question in mathematics for centuries. However, the
theoretical and computational complexity of determining whether a given
real number is rational or irrational presents an intriguing challenge.
This research aims to explore the Undecidability of this problem and its
inherent connection to the unresolvability found in the halting problem
within the realm of computational theory. By investigating the parallels
between the decision problem for rationality of real numbers and the
halting problem, this study seeks to delve into the theoretical limits
of computation and the boundaries that exist within mathematical
systems. Through a combination of mathematical analysis and
computational modeling, the research will examine the implications of
Undecidability in determining the rationality of real numbers, shedding
light on the broader implications for computability theory and
theoretical computer science. The findings of this research will
contribute to a deeper understanding of the intrinsic computational
unresolvability present in determining the rationality of real numbers,
offering insights into the intertwined nature of mathematical and
computational complexity. Furthermore, the exploration of this topic has
the potential to spark new perspectives on the limits of rationality and
computability, paving the way for further investigations and potential
applications in fields such as cryptography, number theory, and
algorithmic complexity.
Kandungan Fitokimia Daun Asam Jawa dan Potensinya sebagai Bioagen Antibakteri untuk Pengobatan Alami
Authors: Karmana I Wayan
Published: April 2024

Indonesia is known as a country that is abundant in various biological riches and their potential as medicines, so a review of natural antidiarrheal treatment methods using tamarind leaves was carried out. Diarrhea is a digestive disorder with a high prevalence rate, especially in developing countries. Diarrhea is a digestive system disorder characterized by stomach cramps, a liquid stool consistency, and an increase in the frequency of defecation more than 3 times in 24 hours. The research method used is to use literature review through online publications based on the Web, ResearchGate, Google Scholar and Scopus. The research sample used in this literature review was 22 articles. The research results show that the phytochemical content of tamarind consists of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, phenols and triterpenoids. The results of the analysis in the literature review show that tamarind leaves are an alternative natural treatment and are effective in inhibiting the growth of bacteria, for example the Escherichia coli bacteria that causes diarrhea.
تأثير تكنولوجيا المعلومات في الإبداع الأكاديمي-دراسة ميدانية لعينة من أكاديميي جامعة البصرة
Authors: علي راضي , حبيب دعاء
Published: April 2024

تهدف الدراسة الحالية الى الكشف عن تأثير تكنولوجيا المعلومات بأبعادها (المكونات المادية, قواعد البيانات, البرامجيات, شبكات الاتصال, والمكون البشري) في تقويم الاداء الاكاديمي, وقد طبقت واختبرت هذه الدراسة على عينه من اكاديمي جامعة البصرة, اذ بلغ عددهم (365) تدريسي, تم اختيارهم باستخدام اسلوب (العينة العشوائية البسيطة), واعتمدت الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات من خلال استخدام مجموعة من الاساليب الاحصائية المتوفرة في برنامجي (SPSS.V.24 & AMOS.V.24), وأظهرت النتائج أن هناك تأثيرا ايجابيا لتكنولوجيا المعلومات في الابداع الاكاديمي ، ويمكن الإفادة من النتائج التي توصلت اليها الدراسة, إذ إن الاهتمام  في التطبيق والاستخدام المتقدم لــــــ(IT) في الجامعة يؤدي الى تنمية الأساليب والقدرات الابداعية, وعلية فإن زيادة الاهتمام بهذا المجال سيزيد من فرصة الجامعة المبحوثة في تحقيق Hهدافها وغاياتها والارتقاء بمستوى الاداء العام لها.
دور منظمات المجتمع المدني في التفاعل الاجتماعي
Authors: الصراف لبنى , حياوي علي
Published: April 2024

إن لبرامج منظمات المجتمع المدني دور متميز في تنمية قدرات الافراد وتحسين مستواهم من خلال زيادة المعرفة والمهارة في الاعمال الموكلة اليهم والتي بدورها تؤدي الى زيادة انتاجيتهم في العمل وتفاعلاتهم الاجتماعية, وحيث تعمل منظمات المجتمع المدني على تنظيم برامج مختلفة تساهم بحل مشكلات الناتجة عن تشغيل العاملين وبالتالي مما يؤدي الى ارتفاع الروح المعنوية لدى العاملين في المنظمات بالإضافة الى ان هنالك برامج اخرى هدفها الرئيسي هو التطوير العلمي والمعرفي وتوسيع الادراك لديهم الذي يمكنهم من الوصول الى اكتساب اسس ومعارف ومهارات جديدة , وهناك تصنيفات مختلفة لعمليات التفاعل الاجتماعي منها ما يكون ايجابي الذي يؤدي الى زيادة الروابط الاجتماعية وتقوية العلاقات بين الافراد ومنها ما يكون سلبي الذي يؤدي الى التنافر واضعاف العلاقات ما بين الافراد, وكذلك يهدف التفاعل الاجتماعي الى تعزيز التعاون وتحقيق اهداف مشتركة ما بين الافراد وخلق روح التنافس والصراع من اجل الوصول الى تحقيق الاهداف المرسومة للأفراد.
الإمامة في تفسير الأمثل – دراسة استدلالية
Authors: الشمري رؤوف , عيسى صباح
Published: April 2024

يعد تفسير (الأمثل) لسماحة الشيخ ناصر مكارم الشيرازي، من التفاسير الغزيرة بالعقائد، إذ أبرز فيه سماحته الجانب العقائدي بفاعلية وواقعية وحيوية وجاذبية وسهولة ويُسر بعيداً عن الاصطلاحات اللغوية المعقدة والتفاصيل الفرعية المطولة، فالشيخ يدرك أن الخلاص من مظاهر الجاهلية للمجتمع وبداية الإصلاح الحقيقي والشمولي للاُمة يبدأ من ناحية العقيدة الإسلامية الصحيحة الخالية من الزيف والتحريف، ومن خلال تناولي لموضوع (الإمامة في تفسير الأمثل) توصلت إلى نتائج عدَّة ومن أبرزها أن الشيخ الشيرازي حرص على طرح مواضيع الإمامة ومعالجتها بأسلوب بسيط وسهل يلامس فيه العقول، وبطريقة تنسجم مع لغة العصر وطبيعة المخاطبين وبأسلوب جذاب يتغلغل إلى أعماق القلوب لا يشبه فيه الأسلوب المألوف والتقليدي المتعارف عليه في كتب المفسرين.
دور سلوكيات القيادة المتناقضة في الحد من الغموض الاستراتيجي دراسة تحليلة لاراء عينة من العاملين في مستشفى النجف التعليمي في محافظة النجف الاشرف
Authors: الحدراوي رافد , جبر محمد
Published: April 2024

الغرض من البحث هو التعرف على المرتكزات الفكرية لمتغيرين (سلوكيات القيادة المتناقضة، الغموض الاستراتيجي) وتشخيص مستوى اعتماد سلوكيات القيادة المتناقضة في المستشفى، إذ تمثلت مشكلة الدراسة بوجود حالات الغموض الاستراتيجي في عمل المستشفى، ومن أجل الاجابة عن تساؤلات الدراسة والتحقق من اهدافها اعتمدت المنهج الوصفي التحليلي،
وتم اختيار عينة عشوائية من الكوادر الطبية والتمريضية في المستشفى المذكور بمقدار (264) فردا من أصل المجتمع البالغ (776) فردا، واعتمدت استمارة الاستبيان أداة أساسية لجمع البيانات والمعلومات اللازمة، اذ تكونت من (32) فقرة غطت متغيرات الدراسة بأبعادها الفرعية واختبرت الدراسة عددا من الفرضيات تم التحقق من صحتها بواسطة البرنامجين الاحصائيين smart pls)، spssv.24)، وتوصلت الدراسة مجموعة من الاستنتاجات أهمها أن اعتماد القيادة المتناقضة من شأنه ان يقلل الغموض الاستراتيجي في المستشفى المبحوثة.
Anti-Theft Flooring System using ESP32
Authors: K Ajmal , Muthiyil Arun Suresh , M Junaidh Haneefa , M Nihal , C S Reshmi
Published: April 2024

The ESP32-powered anti-theft flooring system represents an innovative and cost-effective solution designed to enhance security across various settings, including homes, businesses, and diverse locations. At its core, the system comprises a network of strategically placed pressure sensors concealed beneath a flooring mat, seamlessly integrated with the ESP32 microcontroller featuring built-in Wi-Fi and a camera. When an object exceeding a predetermined weight threshold traverses the mat, the embedded sensors swiftly activate the ESP32, prompting it to capture a photograph of the event. This image is then promptly forwarded to a pre-configured email address, offering real-time visual insights into potential security breaches. Furthermore, the ESP32 can be programmatically configured to activate an audible alarm, providing an additional layer of security and acting as a powerful deterrent. The system’s design emphasizes user-friendliness, ease of installation, and adaptability to various environmental needs. Its customization options enable users to tailor the system to specific requirements, ensuring a seamless integration into any given space. Importantly, safety measures have been incorporated to prevent false alarms triggered by smaller entities, as the pressure sensors only respond to objects surpassing a predefined weight. Beyond its primary function of theft prevention, the ESP32 anti-theft flooring system unveils a realm of creative possibilities. Its applications extend to smart home automation, traffic monitoring, and even livestock tracking, showcasing the system’s versatility and adaptability in addressing diverse challenges. This multifaceted approach positions the ESP32 system not only as a robust security solution but also as a catalyst for innovation in various technological domains.