bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE NEED TO CHANGE THE CONCEPT OF THE MOMENT OF DANGER OF TRAFFIC IN THE RULES OF THE TRAFFIC IN UKRAINE
Authors: Vovk Vitalii
Published: August 2022

Approaches to the decision of a question of the establishment of the moment of occurrence of danger to movement at a performance of auto technical examinations
are analyzed. The necessity to change the concept of the moment of danger in the
Rules of the Road of Ukraine is substantiated.

When conducting forensic autotechnical examinations of the circumstances and mechanism of traffic accidents, one of the main components is the study of the technical feasibility of preventing a traffic accident from the moment a danger arises for traffic, which directly affects the assessment of compliance with the Rules of the Road on the roads of Ukraine. causal relationships between their actions and the occurrence of an accident.

At present, there are no common and generally accepted approaches to determining the moment of danger to traffic, which causes difficulties in the appointment and conduct of technical examinations.

Key words: rules of the road, danger to traffic, auto technical examination, moment of danger.
THE ROLE OF ECOLOGICAL FORENSIC EXPERTISE IN ENVIRONMENTAL COLLABORATION ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kataraga Olga , Trifăuţan Viorica , Cîşleanu Ana-Maria
Published: August 2022

The ecological imbalance in the modern world has reached such proportions that the balance between the natural systems necessary for life and the industrial, technological and demographic needs of mankind has been disturbed. Pollution has a major impact on human health, triggering and inducing many diseases that also lead to mortality, especially in developing countries. Therefore, pollution control is vital and should be at the top of the government’s list of priorities.

This article analyzes the most import ant environmental pollutants and effective
cooperation in solving environmental problems.

Key words: ecological judicial expertise, environmental factors, pollutants, anthropogenic factors, population health, international cooperation
DETERMINATION OF MATERIAL DAMAGE AND (OR) LOSSES DURING CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Kurochkin Serhiy
Published: August 2022

The article deals with the concept of material damage and losses in the study of construction and technical research, as well as the difference between the concept of losses in construction and technical and economic research.

The article proves that:
– in the study of construction and technical research, the concepts of damage and losses have identical meanings and are set as the cost of repairs;
– the use of the coefficient of physical wear is due to the fact that during the restoration work must take into account the previous state of structural elements, equipment and fulfill the principle of restoring the previous financial situation without receiving unjustified benefits, unjustified increase in property in losses;
– losses in the economic sense are considered as a broader concept than in the construction and technical, as they include not only the actual property losses, but also other legal losses that arose as a result of the actions of the entity and as a result of external events and actions of third parties, and therefore in determining the losses (damage) to the representatives of the judicial process must be clearly defined, especially in the economic process, exactly what losses (damage) should be established by the expertise;
– the computational approach of determining material damage (losses) for determining the repair depends on the initial data provided for the research of the expert in the study of construction and technical research.

Key words: material damage, losses, cost of restoration repairs.
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES OF THE EXPERT RESEARCH OF LAND PLOT IMPOSITION
Authors: Myskovets Nazar
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the aspects of the absence and sufficient justification of the terms that are used in the conduct of forensic land-technical examinations. The provisions of the laws of Ukraine “On Land Management”, “On the State Land Cadastre”, and “On topographic, geodetic and cartographic activities” of the Land Code of Ukraine are analyzed. The actual absence of terms (imposition of land plots, a spot of overlapping land plots) and substantiation of the specified terms was found. The interpretation of the process of overlaying land plots is investigated.

The introduction of the terms “imposition of land plots” and “spot of overlapping land plots” is proposed.

The term “imposition of land plots” is formulated as a section (models) of land plots of planes or their parts, designed in a certain coordinate system, with other planes (models of land plots) or their parts.

It is proposed to designate a closed geometric figure formed by the intersection of planes (models of land plots) in a certain unified coordinate system, to use the term “land overlay spot”.

An alternative research method is proposed, which is based on the analysis of official documents and / or technical documentation on land management with subsequent modeling of the data obtained during the analysis.

Key words: overlay of land plots, boundaries of land plots, spots of overlay of land plots, boundaries of a land plot, location of land plots, modeling
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO FORECASTING NET CASH FLOW WHEN EXPERTS-ECONOMISTS DETERMINE THE MARKET VALUE OF SHARES USING THE INCOME APPROACH
Authors: Ped Iryna
Published: August 2022

Conducting forensic examinations on the issues of determining the market value of shares is subject to execution in compliance with the requirements of both the legislation on valuation and valuation activities, and the methods developed in accordance with the Law Ukrainian “On Forensic Expertise”.

In accordance with national valuation standards, the main method of the income approach used for the valuation of integral property complexes is the discounted cash flow method.

The method of complex expert studies for determining the value of shares of enterprises, developed in accordance with the Law Ukrainian “On Forensic Expertise”, determines that the discounted cash flow method is used to convert future uneven income from the operation of the facility into the current value by discounting each of the future income at the appropriate rate of income.

This article examines the features of the cash flow forecast for enterprises – issuers of shares, which are historically characterized by the uneven formation of income, costs, and, accordingly, profit and net cash flow.

The following methodological approaches to forecasting are considered, analyzed, and summarized: comparison of the growth rates of the main macroeconomic indicators of Ukraine and the indicators of income and costs of the estimated integral property complex; comparing the growth rates of income and costs of the integral property complex with the dynamics of price fluctuations in the markets of the corresponding products; comparison of income and cost growth rates for their individual items; allocation of extraordinary, periodic and non-standard items of income and expenses.

Key words: cash flow, cash flow forecast, cash flow discounting method, the market value of shares, integral property complex.
Healthcare Provider Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Hospice Care and Their Influencing Factors: A Crosssectional Study in Shanghai
Authors: Teng Xiaohan , Tang Maocheng , Jing Limei , Xu Yifan , Shu Zhiqun
Published: August 2022

Background: In 2017, the Chinese government launched a pilot project in hospice care (HC), in which Shanghai was a pioneer. Healthcare provider knowledge, attitudes, and practices in hospice care (KAPHC) may facilitate or hinder HC development. To determine how to design targeted training for healthcare providers and policies to improve their KAPHC, we conducted an original study based on an indigenized KAPHC scale to (a) comprehensively measure the KAPHC baseline of healthcare providers in Shanghai and (b) explore its influencing factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate healthcare providers’ KAPHC with the indigenized KAPHC scale. Descriptive analysis, linear regression, and Pearson’s (r) correlation analysis were performed to uncover providers’ KAPHC, its influencing factors, and their correlations. Results: The KAPHC scale proved applicable to the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the large sample of providers we surveyed. The 7027 KAPHC scaling results revealed that 42.44% of participants had HC experience and 57.49% were willing to provide HC. The mean accuracy of the responses related to knowledge was 59.30%. Scoring rates for attitudes, confidence, and self-reported practices were 74.20%, 73.96%, and 75.55%, respectively. The linear regression revealed that higher KAPHC scores were associated with experience and willingness and varied with professional specializations. The Pearson’s (r) correlation evidenced that HC practices were strongly correlated with confidence (r = 0.648, P<.001) and moderately correlated with attitudes (r = 0.463, P<.001). Conclusion: We uncovered that targeted training for enhancing healthcare provider KAPHC in Shanghai should focus on psychological and spiritual care, the management of pain and other symptoms, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Additionally, training should be scaled up for providers with different characteristics. Meanwhile, policy should encourage providers to work enthusiastically in HC—universal high-quality HC requires well-trained, supported, and motivated providers.
More Pain, More Gain! The Delivery of COVID-19 Vaccines and the Pharmaceutical Industry’s Role in Widening the Access Gap
Authors: Borges Luciana Correia , Zeferino de Menezes Henrique , Crosbie Eric
Published: August 2022

Background: An effective response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic entails a comprehensive strategy that ensures equitable access to all COVID-19-fighting technologies. To achieve this goal, the international community has acknowledged immunization as a public good. However, a trend of grossly unequal dose distribution emerged, owing, among other factors, to pharmaceutical companies’ profit-driven actions, jeopardizing the mechanisms built to increase vaccine access. The contradiction between public health interests and corporate discretion in determining vaccine dose distribution poses critical concerns about the health risks associated with lengthening the duration of the pandemic and the eventual liability of companies for violations of human rights. Methods: To evaluate the risks posed to the COVID-19 immunization program, data on vaccine allocation and delivery, vaccine dose application, immunized populations, and the volume of Advanced Purchase Agreements (APAs) between countries and pharmaceutical companies were compiled and assessed. A descriptive analysis was then conducted to analyze the role of pharmaceutical companies in providing equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines. Results: When the data is broken down by income (as of June 2021), it shows that high-income countries (HICs) have already crossed the COVID-19 Vaccine Global Access (COVAX) 20% immunization threshold. However, countries of all other income levels have yet to achieve this mark for fully vaccinated people. Upper-middle-income countries (UMICs) have approximately 3%, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have approximately 2% and low-income countries (LICs) have less than 0.1% of fully vaccinated people per hundred. The supply shortage is expected to last until the second half of 2021. Conclusion: As a result of the COVAX failure, a health gap emerged with countries living in a pre-immunization period for an extended time. The existing conflict between the international response to tackle COVID-19 and corporate profit-driven behavior contributed to prolonging pandemic, especially in Africa. Accordingly, there is a need to approve an international treaty that targets the activities of all actors, including the pharmaceutical companies, in protecting human rights and the right to health realms.
The Association Between Hospital Financial Performance and the Quality of Care – A Scoping Literature Review
Authors: Dubas-Jakóbczyk Katarzyna , Kocot Ewa , Tambor Marzena , Szetela Przemysław , Kostrzewska Olga , Siegrist Jr Richard B. , Quentin Wilm
Published: August 2022

Background: Improving the quality of hospital care is an important policy objective. Hospitals operate under pressure to contain costs and might face challenges related to financial deficits. The objective of this paper was to identify and map the available evidence on the association between hospital financial performance (FP) and quality of care (Q). Methods: A scoping review was performed. Searches were conducted in 7 databases: Medline via PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, EconLit, ABI/INFORM, and Business Source Complete. The search strategy combined multiple terms from 3 topics: hospital AND FP AND Q. The collected data were analysed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Results: 10 503 records were screened and 151 full text papers analysed. A total of 69 papers were included (60 empirical, 2 theoretical, 5 literature reviews, and 2 dissertations). The majority of identified studies were published within the last decade (2010-2021). Most empirical studies had been conducted in the United States (55/60), used cross-sectional approaches (32/60) and applied diverse regression models with FP measures as dependent variables, thus measuring the impact of Q on hospitals FP (34/60). The comparability of the studies’ results is limited due to differences in applied methods and settings. Yet, the general overview shows that in almost half of the cases the association between hospital FP and Q was positive, while no study showed a clear negative association. Conclusion: This scoping review provides an overview of the available literature on the association between hospital FP and Q. The results highlight numerous research gaps: (1) systematic reviews and meta-analyses of existing studies with similar measures of FP and Q are unavailable, (2) further methodological/conceptual work is needed on the metrics measuring hospital FP and Q, and (3) more empirical studies should analyse the association between FP and Q in nonUS healthcare settings.
The Dilemmas of Leading Health Organizations in Complex Settings Comment on "Dual Agency in Hospitals: What Strategies Do Managers and Physicians Apply to Reconcile Dilemmas Between Clinical and Economic Considerations?"
Authors: Greener Ian
Published: August 2022

Waitzberg and colleagues’ research explores hospital managers, chief physicians and other physicians in German and Israeli hospitals, making use of thematic analysis to explore what they call ‘dilemmas’ between the commitments to clinical needs, and their hospitals’ financial sustainability. This commentary will provide a summary of the paper, into which I will embed some items I will follow-up on in my second half. The second half will then explore these items in greater depth, considering the strengths and weaknesses of the article. I then make some suggestions for future work based around the findings the authors present in terms of managerial and clinical identity, how compromises are reached in hospital settings, and how we compare different health systems.
Challenges and Opportunities for Deliberative Processes for Healthcare Decision-Making Comment on "Evidence-Informed Deliberative Processes for Health Benefit Package Design – Part II: A Practical Guide"
Authors: Bond Kenneth
Published: August 2022

The second edition of the practical guide for evidence-informed deliberative processes (EDPs) is an important addition to the growing guidance on deliberative processes supporting priority setting in healthcare. While the practical guide draws on an extensive amount of information collected on established and developing processes within a range of countries, EDPs present health technology assessment (HTA) bodies with several challenges. (1) Basing recommendations on current processes that have not been well-evaluated and that have changed over time may lead to weaker legitimacy than desired. (2) The requirement for social learning among stakeholders may require increased resourcing and blur the boundary between moral deliberation and political negotiation. (3) Robust evaluation should be based on an explicit theory of change, and some process outcomes may be poor guides to overall improvement of EDPs. This comment clarifies and reinforces the recommendations provided in the practical guide.
Neurotrauma Registries in Low- and Middle-Income Countries for Building Organized Neurotrauma Care: The LATINO Registry Experience Comment on "Neurotrauma Surveillance in National Registries of Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review and Comparative Analysis of Data Dictionaries"
Authors: Rubiano Andrés M. , Clavijo Angelica
Published: August 2022

Trauma registries play an important role in building capacity for trauma systems. Regularly, trauma registries exist in high-income countries (HICs) but not in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Neurotrauma includes common conditions, like traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and spinal cord injuries. The development of organized neurotrauma care is crucial for improving the quality of care in less-resourced areas. The recent article published in International Journal of Health Policy and Management by Barthélemy et al entitled "Neurotrauma Surveillance in National Registries of Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review and Comparative Analysis of Data Dictionaries" adds an important body of literature to improve understanding of the importance of these types of efforts by promoting organized neurotrauma care systems in LMICs. Here, we provide a short commentary based on our experience with the Latin America and the Caribbean Neurotrauma Registry (LATINO-TBI) in the Latin America (LATAM) region.
Microtensile Repair Bond Strength of a Composite After Accelerated Artificial Aging: Effect of the Air Abrasion, Bur, Er:YAG Laser, Two-Step Self-etch Bonding, and Universal Bonding Repair System
Authors: Rashidi Marie , Berangi Simin , Chiniforush Nasim , Ahmadi Elham , Ranjbar Omrani Ladan
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Repair of old composite restorations is a conservative approach. This study sought to compare the effects of two adhesive systems on the bond strength of repaired composites prepared by three different surface treatments: erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation, air-abrasion, and bur preparation. Methods: Eight microhybrid (Polofil Supra, VOCO, Germany) composite resin blocks were fabricated. The blocks were aged and assigned to four groups as stated by the surface treatment: (I) air-abrasion (50 µ aluminum oxide particles), (II) diamond bur (fine grit), (III) Er:YAG laser (3 W output power, 300 mJ energy) and (IV) control. After surface treatment, the blocks were acid-etched and salinized. Each group was divided two subgroups, and the Clearfil SE Bond or All-Bond Universal was applied on their surface. Composite resin was bonded to the aged composites. The blocks were cut into eight samples, and the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) was measured. Results: The maximum MTBS was noted in the air-abrasion (25.1+6 MPa) group, followed by the Er:YAG laser (21.2+4.7 MPa). The mean MTBS in laser and air-abrasion groups was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05). The mean MTBS was not significantly different between the laser and air-abrasion groups (P>0.05). Composite resin conditioning by All-Bond Universal in laser and air-abrasion groups yielded significantly higher MTBS than the Clearfil SE Bond (P<0.05). Conclusion: All surface treatments created acceptable bond strength. The surface treatment of the aged composite by the Er:YAG laser or air-abrasion along with the application of silane and All-Bond Universal provide high bond strength.
The Hotel Strategy During the Pandemic of COVID-19: the Case of Secondary Cities
Authors: Situmorang Ringkar , Choirisa Septi Fahmi , Mehrotra Amit
Published: August 2022

The pandemic of COVID-19 has given a disaster to the business industry. Many businesses have to concede that they have to suffer financially because of this situation. One of those businesses that suffered is the hotel business. Many hotel companies have to find a strategy to ensure their relationship between the main city (head office) and secondary cities (branch office) working seamlessly to mitigate this crisis. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate how the hotel industry is handling the challenges during pandemic COVID-19 in the secondary cities. This study adopted qualitative research with 12 semi-structured interviews from various hotel managers in multiple cities. The result showed some discrepancies in the interrelationship between the head office and the branch office in secondary cities, creating uncertainties among them. This study contributed to the crisis management literature in hospitality and tourism industry by exploring the challenges from the pandemic of COVID-19 among cities in Indonesia.
Relationship Of Parent Communication With Temper Tantrum In Preschool Children (Ages 3-6 Years) In Paud Buah Hati Mother And State 01 Sitiung Year 2020
Authors: Fawziyah Sri , Erfiana Erma
Published: August 2022

Tantrum temper is an uncontrolled outburst of emotions or anger caused by an unpleasant atmosphere the child feels, is a disorder of behavior in preschoolers, which is part of the emotional development process of the child. Factors causing temper tantrums are physiological, psychological, parental (communication and parenting) and environmental factors. Effective communication is one of the appropriate handling measures in reducing the incidence of temper tantrums in preschool children. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of parental communication with temper tantrums in preschool children (ages 3-6 years) in Paud Buah Hati Bunda and Negeri 01 Sitiung in 2020.

The research method used Observational research is Analytical Inferential Hypothesis. The sampling technique used is total sampling with a population of 92 respondents and a total sample of 50 respondents. Analysis of the data used chi square test using SPSS.

The results showed that out of 38 people (76%) of respondents the communication between parents was quite large, 34 people (68%) were at risk of temper tantrums and a small portion of 4 people (8%) were not at risk of temper tantrums. Based on statistical test results obtained, p value = 0.000 = 0.05. So that it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between parental communication with temper tantrums in preschool children (ages 3-6 years) in Paud Buah Hati Bunda and Negeri 01 Sitiung in 2020. It is hoped that the results of this study will be able to communicate well using effective communication and knowing how to deal with temper tantrums
Relationship Of Compensation With Nurse Performance In Medan Muhammadiyah Hospital Year 2022
Authors: Jannah Miftahul
Published: August 2022

Performance is the result of a person's work as well as a benchmark to determine the results or achievements of a person's work or tasks assigned to the employee. An important factor that must be considered to improve performance is compensation. Compensation is very important for nurses because compensation is everything that nurses receive in return for their work. The things that need to be measured from compensation are direct financial compensation, indirect financial compensation and non-financial compensation. This study aims to determine the relationship between compensation and nurse performance. This type of research is an analytical study with a cross sectional approach, a sample of 39 people, the sampling technique is saturated sampling, the measuring scale in this study is the Guttman scale. The analysis used is univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. Data analysis used chi-square test. The results are as follows: direct financial compensation P (0.012) indirect financial compensation P (0.022) and non-financial compensation P (0.001). Each of these variables shows direct evidence of nurse performance, financial compensation directly with performance (p<0.05=0.012) on financial compensation indirectly with performance (p<0.05=0.022) on non-financial compensation with performance (p <0.005 = 0.001) then there is a significant relationship between compensation and the performance of nurses at the Muhammadiyah Medan Hospital in 2022. Compensation is related to the performance of nurses, so it is expected that respondents can improve their performance in hospitals
Integration of the Kaup–Boussinesq system with a self-consistent source via inverse scattering method
Authors: B.A. Babajanov , A.Sh. Azamatov
Published: August 2022

In this study we consider the Kaup–Boussinesq system with a self-consistent source. We show that the Kaup–Boussinesq system with a self-consistent source can be integrated by the method of inverse scattering theory. For a solving the problem under consideration, we use the direct and inverse scattering problem of the Sturm–Liouville equation with an energy-dependent potential. The time evolution of the scattering data for the Sturm–Liouville equation with an energy-dependent potentials associated with the solution of the Kaup–Boussinesq system with a self-consistent source is determined. The obtained equalities completely determine the scattering data for any $t$, which makes it possible to apply the method of the inverse scattering problem to solve the Cauchy problem for the Kaup–Boussinesq system with a self-consistent source.
On a local synthesis problem for nonlinear systems with integral constraints
Authors: M.I. Gusev , I.O. Osipov
Published: August 2022

The paper considers the problem of leading a nonlinear control system to the origin of coordinates at a given integral control resource on a finite time interval. We investigate the question of the construction of local control synthesis that solves the problem, assuming that the time interval during which the system is moved is sufficiently small. We indicate sufficient conditions under which the problem can be solved by the approximate replacement of the nonlinear system by its linearization in the neighborhood of the origin
Some applications of optimization routing problems with additional constraints
Authors: A.A. Petunin , A.G. Chentsov , P.A. Chentsov
Published: August 2022

The paper deals with an extremal routing problem with constraints. In the general formulation, it is assumed that the objects of visiting are any non-empty finite sets — megalopolises. The main applied problem considered in this study is the tool path optimization problem for CNC sheet-cutting machines, known as the Cutting Path Problem. This problem arises at the stage of developing control programs for CNC machines. Other applications are also possible. In particular, the results obtained in the chapter can be used in the problem of minimizing the radiation dose when dismantling a system of radiation-hazardous elements after accidents at nuclear power plants and in transport problems. Among tasks constraints, the precedence constraints are investigated. These constraints can be used to reduce computational complexity. As the main method, the study used broadly understood dynamic programming. The offered realization of the method takes into account the precedence constraints and the dependence of the objective functions on the task list. This dependence belongs to the class of very complex conditions that determine the route admissibility at each routing step, depending on the tasks already completed or, on the contrary, not yet completed. As applied to the Cutting Path Problem, the dependence of the objective function on the task list makes it possible to reduce thermal deformations of the material during cutting. The chapter provides a mathematical formalization of an extremal routing problem with additional constraints, a description of the method, and the exact algorithm obtained with its help. The order of task execution, the specific trajectory of the process, and the starting point are optimized.
On how to exploit a population given by a difference equation with random parameters
Authors: A.A. Rodin , L.I. Rodina , A.V. Chernikova
Published: August 2022

We consider a model of an exploited homogeneous population given by a difference equation depending on random parameters. In the absence of exploitation, the development of the population is described by the equation
$$X(k+1)=f\bigl(X(k)\bigr), \quad k=1,2,\ldots,$$
where $X(k)$ is the population size or the amount of bioresources at time $k,$ $f(x)$ is a real differentiable function defined on $I=[0,a]$ such that $f(I)\subseteq I.$ At moments $k=1,2,\ldots$, a random fraction of the resource $\omega(k)\in\omega\subseteq[0,1]$ is extracted from the population. The harvesting process can be stopped when the share of the harvested resource exceeds a certain value of $u(k)\in[0,1)$ to keep as much of the population as possible. Then the share of the extracted resource will be equal to $\ell(k)=\min (\omega(k),u(k)).$ The average temporary benefit $H_*$ from the extraction of the resource is equal to the limit of the arithmetic mean from the amount of extracted resource $X(k)\ell(k)$ at moments $1,2,\ldots,k$ when $k\to\infty.$ We solve the problem of choosing the control of the harvesting process, in which the value of $H_*$ can be estimated from below with probability one, as large a number as possible. Estimates of the average time benefit depend on the properties of the function $f(x)$, determining the dynamics of the population; these estimates are obtained for three classes of equations with $f(x)$, having certain properties. The results of the work are illustrated, by numerical examples using dynamic programming based on, that the process of population exploitation is a Markov decision process.
Integration of the negative order Korteweg–de Vries equation with a self-consistent source in the class of periodic functions
Authors: G.U. Urazboev , M.M. Hasanov
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we consider the negative order Korteweg–de Vries equation with a self-consistent integral source. It is shown that the negative-order Korteweg–de Vries equation with a self-consistent integral source can be integrated by the method of the inverse spectral problem. The evolution of the spectral data of the Sturm–Liouville operator with a periodic potential associated with the solution of the negative order Korteweg–de Vries equation with a self-consistent integral source is determined. The obtained results make it possible to apply the inverse problem method to solve the negative order Korteweg–de Vries equation with a self-consistent source in the class of periodic functions.
Extremality of some Gibbs measures for the Blume–Capel HC-model on a Cayley tree
Authors: N.M. Khatamov
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we consider translation-invariant Gibbs measures (TIGM) for the Blume–Capel HC-model in the case of a “generalized wand” on a second-order Cayley tree. An approximate critical value of $\theta_{cr}$ is found such that for $\theta \geq\theta_{cr}$ there is only one TIGM, and for $0<\theta<\theta_{cr}$ there are exactly three TIGMs in the case of “generalized wand” for the model under consideration. In addition, the (non)extreme problem for these measures is studied.
Inverse image of precompact sets and regular solutions to the Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: A.A. Shlapunov , N.N. Tarkhanov
Published: August 2022

We consider the initial value problem for the Navier–Stokes equations over ${\mathbb R}^3 \times [0,T]$ with time $T>0$ in the spatially periodic setting. We prove that it induces open injective mappings ${\mathcal A}_s\colon B^{s}_1 \to B^{s-1}_2$ where $B^{s}_1$, $B^{s-1}_2$ are elements from scales of specially constructed function spaces of Bochner–Sobolev type parametrized with the smoothness index $s \in \mathbb N$. Finally, we prove that a map ${\mathcal A}_s$ is surjective if and only if the inverse image ${\mathcal A}_s ^{-1}(K)$ of any precompact set $K$ from the range of the map ${\mathcal A}_s$ is bounded in the Bochner space $L^{\mathfrak s} ([0,T], L^{{\mathfrak r}} ({\mathbb T}^3))$ with the Ladyzhenskaya–Prodi–Serrin numbers ${\mathfrak s}$, ${\mathfrak r}$.
On the exo-planet precession under torqes due to three celestial bodies with the evolution of the satellite's orbit
Authors: P.S. Krasil'nikov
Published: August 2022

We investigate the non-resonant evolution of the axial tilt of hypothetical exo-Earth in the gravitational field of a star, planet's satellite (exo-Moon) and outer planet (exo-Jupiter). The exo-Earth is assumed to be rigid, axially symmetric ($A=B$) and almost spherical. We assume the orbits of the both exo-planets to be Keplerian ellipses with focus in the star, the orbit of exo-Moon to be an evolving Keplerian ellipse with slowly changing of ascending node longitude and periapsis argument.
Assuming the frequencies of the unperturbed orbital elliptical motion to be of the order of unity, we obtain the canonical averaged equations describing the perturbed oscillations of the exo-Moon spin axis. These equations contain parameters changing slowly over time. Using the smallness of the planets' masses relative to the mass of the star, we have obtained simplified equations of oscillations of the exo-Earth spin axis by the small parameter method. Time integration of simplified equations gives the axial tilt of exo-Moon as a function of time. It is shown that the torques from the exo-Jupiter create a secular, long-period oscillation mode in axial tilt with a frequency equals to frequency of unperturbed spin axis precession of the exo-Earth. The impact of the exo-Moon on the evolution of the exo-Earth spin axis is that short-period harmonics appear in the oscillations of the axial tilt. The frequency of such oscillations is close to the precession frequency of the ascending node longitude of the exo-Moon orbit.
We have calculated the evolution of exo-Earth axial tilt for two exo-planetary systems, i.e., for a system similar to the solar system, and for a planetary exo-system 7 Canis Majoris. The effect of destabilization (stabilization) of the exo-Earth tilt oscillations due to the torques exerted by exo-Moon and exo-Jupiter is described.
The Objectives and Styles of Quranic Sirah-Writing: An Illstrative Study
Authors: Aslam Asifa , Ur Rehman Dr. Ghulam Shams
Published: August 2022

The early Muslim historians and hadith experts recoded the Sirah (life and biography of the Prophet Muhammad -peace be upon him-) literature in their historical annals, and hadith collections. The Sirah-writings was gradually developed as an independent field of inquiry in which the writers employed other sources such as the Quran, exegeses, hermeneutics, Arabic poetry, geography and even theology for Sirah understanding. However, it has been observed that the central position of history and hadith compendiums in Sirah-writings remained intact till the advent of Modern period in which a great change has been witnessed both in methods and styles of Sirah-writings to respond the western critique of Sirah-writings and to present the holy life of the Prophet as a model for humankind.  Therefore, they attempted to revisit the sources with reversionistic approaches and a variety of methods and styles were devised for systematic Sirah-writing. The present study aims to explore the objective of the newly emerged trend of the Quranic based Sirah-writings. A meticulous effort has been made to identify the objectives of this genre. A plethora of literature has been composed to construct an authentic biography of the Prophet grounding on the Quran as its prime source. However, those who follow this trend are clearly categorized into two distinctive groups, those who reject the historical and Prophetic traditions altogether and those who employ the traditions for better understanding of the Quranic text regarding the life of the Prophet. An illustrative case study of the Quranic Sirah-wrings has been conducted to identify the nature, objectives of the subject and how various approaches have been espoused by the leading experts of the field.
Muslim Scholars and The Study of Orientalism: An Analytical Study
Authors: Ahmed Dr. Riaz , U Din Dr. Rafi
Published: August 2022

The aim of this research paper is to analyze and determine the role and scope of the works of Muslim scholars on Orientalists. Muslim scholars have done exclusive works in this field of research. They have responded literally, morally, and logically to all those lame excuses which Orientalists have raised about Islam. Many Muslim scholars have sacrificed their lives in this service of Islam. But the research of Muslim scholars on Orientalists also indirectly affects the Muslim Ummah, especially the works of those Muslim scholars who presented their research works in local languages (Urdu, Arabic, Persian, Malay, etc). This way of research helps Orientalists' views penetrate in Muslim Ummah because the common Muslims have easy access to the works of Orientalists in their own languages. This paper also discussed those parameters which a Muslim scholar must keep in mind while researching Orientalists
FEATURES OF CALCIUM CHLORIDE ADSORPTION BY BINARY SORBENTS BASED ON IRON, CHROMIUM, NICKEL AND ZIRCONIUM OXIDES
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Fedorov Yuriy S. , Samonin Vyacheslav V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Zaporozhets Kristina A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Gavretskaya Anastasiya V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Shestel Anastasiya A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: August 2022

Comparative studies of the sorption of CaCl2 by Fe2O3, NiO, Cr2O3 and ZrO2, as well as binary sorbents obtained from mixed oxides at a molar ratio of 1 : 1 were carried out. The formation of new active centers on the surface of binary sorbents was shown by using the method of mathematical modeling. Those active centers are not the mechanical sum of the active centers of individual oxides that are part of binary ones. The greatest increase in the sorption properties of binary sorbents compared with the additive sum of individual oxides is observed at relatively low concentrations of CaCl2 less than 3 g/dm3.
SCANDIUM EXTRACTION REFINING WITH NEUTRAL ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS COMPOUNDS FROM CHLORIDE-NITRIC SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Ryazan Metal Ceramics Instrumentation Plant, Lysenko Olga A. , Kostikova Galina V. ,   Russian academy of sciences A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical chemistry and Electrochemistry
Published: August 2022

The basic technological scheme of scandium extraction refining from mixed chloride-nitric solutions was proposed. It was shown, that purification of scandium from zirconium, thorium and iron admixtures reached more than a hundred times during the extraction process using 75 % three-isoamilphosphat in dodecane on four extraction steps
METHOD OF CARBON-BEARING FUEL USAGE TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY IN TANDEM DIVERSE TEMPERATURE OXIDATION SYSTEM
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg Chemical Company, Zubkova Marina Yu. , Stroganov Alexander A. ,   Companies Group "Lumex", Khramov Alexander N. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: August 2022

This paper presents the results of estimation energy efficiency, the adjusted data of thermodynamic calculations and data on material and energy balances for an assessment of electric and thermal components in considered method of fuel usage, performance enhancement in the tandem system containing the high-temperature fuel cell and the low-temperature fuel cell with full heat regeneration for carbon-bearing fuel (methane (CH4)). The overall effective efficiency (ηΣef., making full usage of the recovered heat) of the considered tandem system depends on the efficiency of its constituent fuel cells. The overall effective efficiency of the tandem installation including the fuel converter, separating system, high-temperature oxidation system, and hydrogen disposal system – in case of fuel use in the low-temperature fuel cell – is higher than for each of the fuel cell elements separately.
APPLICATION OF A MODIFIED OTHMER VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM ON EXAMPLE THE OF THE BINARY ACETONE-ISOPROPANOL SYSTEM AND EVALUATION OF THE ADEQUACY OF VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM MODELS FOR CALCULATION OF PHASE COMPOSITION
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Nikanorova Ekaterina A. , Klementyev Vasiliy N. ,   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: August 2022

A modification of the Othmer device with a reduced volume of vapor space was proposed. Data on the vapor-liquid equilibrium were obtained on the example of the binary acetone-isopropanol system, and the thermodynamic consistency was checked. The main models for calculating vapor-liquid equilibrium are considered
DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL MODES OF OPERATION OF ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Lebedev Sergey O.
Published: August 2022

Every year, the production volume of electrochromic devices steadily grows; the growth is associated with the spread of energy-saving technologies in many developed countries of the world. These electrochemical products are highly demanded and competitive, but the problems associated with their operation remain unresolved. The aim of the work was to increase the service life of electrochromic devices by determining the optimal ranges of their operation. A new operational evaluation parameter was considered – electrochromic productivity, based on the correlation of optical transmission and consumed electrical energy; the parameter makes it possible to take into account the influence of side uncontrolled processes unrelated to the electrochromic effect. The studies were carried out using the method of multi-stage electrical control actions developed by us. The optimal ranges for the functioning of ECD samples – made using different technologies –were determined; the ranges were from 100% to 40% of light transmission relating to the initial state. The electrochromic productivity for the inorganic technology was 4.8%∙cm2/(mW∙s), and for the organic technology it was 8.0%∙cm2/(mW∙s).
KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE CURTIUS REARRANGEMENT OF m-NITROBENZOYL AZIDE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF SULFURIC ACID
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Pavlyukova Yuliya N. , Kudryavtseva Natalija V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Ostrovskii Vladimir А. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: August 2022

The kinetics and mechanism of the Curtius rearrangement of m-nitrobenzoyl azide in aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid of various concentrations has been studied. An increase of the acidity of the reaction solution an increase in the acidity of the reaction solution leads to an acceleration of the rearrangement. The rate-limiting step of the reaction is the rearrangement of the protonated form of m-nitrobenzoyl azide to the corresponding isocyanate
KINETICS OF NITRATION OF M-NITROBENZOIC ACID IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF SULFURIC ACID
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Pavlyukova Yuliya N. , Shashurina Natalya D. ,   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Ostrovskii Vladimir А. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: August 2022

The kinetics of the nitration reaction of m-nitrobenzoic acid with nitric acid in a sulfuric acid medium of various concentrations was studied by UV spectroscopy. The observed differences in the rate of nitration of m-nitrobenzoic acid from the nitration of alkylbenzenes are associated with the electron-withdrawing nature of the carboxyl group, as well as with its protonation. During the reaction, not only 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid is formed, but also products with significantly higher molar absorption coefficients
ABOUT THE KINETIC ENERGY OF TURBULENT PULSATIONS IN THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS THROUGH PIPES OF CIRCULAR CROSS SECTION
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Chesnokov Yurii G.
Published: August 2022

In the paper, formulas were obtained for calculating a number of quantities characterizing the distribution of the kinetic energy of turbulent fluctuations over the pipe section depending on the Reynolds criterion. Those quantities include the maximum value of the kinetic energy, the average value, the value on the axis. The formulas were constructed using direct numerical simulation data obtained by various authors
PREDICTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS USING THE MECHANISM OF ATTENTION IN NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors:   Smolensk Branch of National Research University “MPEI”, Dli Maksim I. , Puchkov Andrey Yu. ,   Smolensk Branch of National Research University “MPEI”,, Rysina Ekaterina I. ,   Smolensk Branch of National Research University “MPEI”,
Published: August 2022

A method is proposed for predicting the variables of a cyber-physical system that implements the technological process of phosphorus production; the variables are presented as a multidimensional time series. The method is based on the use of a deep neural recurrent network with an autoencoder structure, to which an attention mechanism is added. In it the information about the intermediate internal states of the encoder is available to the decoder and is used by it to form an output sequence of predictive values of process variables. The results of a model experiment in the MatLAB environment are presented, which showed a higher prediction accuracy of a neural network with the attention mechanism compared to a neural network without its use
STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CHANNEL CONTROL STRATEGIES IN THE PROBLEM OF STABILIZATION OF A TURBULENT HYDRODYNAMIC FLOW
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Grigoriev Dmitrii A. , Musaev Alexander A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology,   Saint Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2022

The article considers the problem of stabilizing the value of the turbulent flow parameters described by the stochastic chaos model. As a basic control option, versions of channel strategies based on overrunning of current observations of the stabilized parameter from the range of acceptable values (channel) are considered. On the basis of numerical experiments, the potential possibilities of channel control strategies are investigated. It is shown that the main problem for achieving flow stability is the extremely high level of the variability of the system component of observation series, which is the realization of stochastic chaos. Versions of improved channel control strategies are given, the main directions for increasing the efficiency of functioning of channel stabilization technologies for turbulent flows are indicated
INCREASING THE ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY INDICATORS OF A CONVECTION OVEN IN CONDITIONS OF MINIMIZING ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Gogol Ivan V. , Remizova Olga A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Syrokvashin Vladislav V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Fokin Alexander L. ,   Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: August 2022

The paper considers an approach to a robust control system from the point of view of minimizing energy consumption, subject to compliance with environmental safety indicators, using the example of a radiation-convective oil production furnace. As a mathematical description of the control object and the technical means responsible for obtaining information and issuing control actions, a polynomial of the 4th order is adopted. During the study, the approximation of that object was performed and the degree of the polynomial was reduced to an aperiodic link of the 1st order. As a result, the synthesis of the control system proved the adequacy of the system and its operability, taking into account the requirements