bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Global Institutional Governance of AI: A Four-Dimensional Perspective
Authors: Neuwirth Rostam J.
Published: March 2024

The present debate about the governance of artificial intelligence (AI) is dominated by a narrative of a “global race toward the regulation of AI.” Such a narrative bears serious dangers and should be rephrased as the “race toward the global regulation of AI” to adequately address the cross-cutting, cross-boundary, and cross-cultural nature of these technologies. If the debate about the future regulation of AI is to efficiently address the serious dangers and potentially existential risks related to AI, then it should be tied to other global governance issues, such as those summarized by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). For this endeavor to be successful, the substantive questions of regulation must be combined with efforts to reform the present international system with a view to establishing a more efficient and coherent global institutional framework. It is important to be mindful of past obstacles in the reform of existing international organizations and to avoid the need for another global cataclysm to trigger institutional reform; thus, the article follows the idea that cognitive change leads to the transformation of international organizations. As both a technology aimed to replicate the human mind and an example of an important linguistic trend of a rise in essentially oxymoronic concepts, AI is deemed to provide the right point of departure to ponder future modes of human cognition – modes that reflect Einstein’s description of a world as a “four-dimensional space – time continuum,” – which may help to imagine the contours of a future global institutional framework.
CFD simulation on droplet behaviour in post-dryout region
Authors: Xia Zihan , Cheng Xu , Liu Wei
Published: March 2024

The investigation on heat transfer in post-dryout region is of great significance to determine the maximum wall temperature when dryout occurs. In this paper, the superheated vapor is considered as Eulerian continuous phase. With DPM (Discrete Particle Method) in the ASNSYS Fluent, droplets will be tracked with Lagrangian method. Heat, momentum and mass are exchanged between the two phases inside Eulerian control volumes. The stochastic tracking is included to investigate the effect of turbulence in the continuous phase on the droplet motion. The results show that the wall temperature profile differs a lot under different initial droplet sizes. By summary of the droplet evaporation rate, it’s found that less than 2 % evaporation happens directly on the wall surface, while evaporation mostly happens in the vapor layer near the wall.
An updated distribution of the Andean swamp rat Neotomys ebriosus along the Peruvian Andes with notes on habitat use and taxonomy
Authors: Barrio Javier
Published: March 2024

The Andean swamp rat Neotomys ebriosus is a sigmodontine rodent restricted to the Central Andes of South America. A distribution map of the species in Peru have been previously drawn based on few of the localities where the species has been captured and collected. I update the distribution of the species in Peru based on new records from three different areas surveyed by the author, specimens at Museum collections in the United States and France from VertNet webpage, localities from the collection at the Natural History Museum of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, and localities from the collection at the Natural History Museum of the Universidad Nacional San Agustín. The northern limit of the species distribution is increased based on new localities with collected individuals. Habitat used by N. ebriosus is mainly high Andean bogs; most individuals caught adjacent to the borders of Andean bogs and along streams near the bogs. Collected individuals leave unclear subspecies division and identity.
Engineering pluripotent stem cells with synthetic biology for regenerative medicine
Authors: Mao Yihuan , Wang Siqi , Yu Jiazhen , Li Wei
Published: March 2024

Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), characterized by self-renewal and capacity of differentiating into three germ layers, are the programmable building blocks of life. PSC-derived cells and multicellular systems, particularly organoids, exhibit great potential for regenerative medicine. However, this field is still in its infancy, partly due to limited strategies to robustly and precisely control stem cell behaviors, which are tightly regulated by inner gene regulatory networks in response to stimuli from the extracellular environment. Synthetic receptors and genetic circuits are powerful tools to customize the cellular sense-and-response process, suggesting their underlying roles in precise control of cell fate decision and function reconstruction. Herein, we review the progress and challenges needed to be overcome in the fields of PSC-based cell therapy and multicellular system generation, respectively. Furthermore, we summarize several well-established synthetic biology tools and their applications in PSC engineering. Finally, we highlight the challenges and perspectives of harnessing synthetic biology to PSC engineering for regenerative medicine.
Merging toroidal dipole bound states in the continuum without up-down symmetry in Lieb lattice metasurfaces
Authors: Zhu Guodong , Yang Sen , Ndukaife Justus C.
Published: March 2024

The significance of bound states in the continuum (BICs) lies in their potential for theoretically infinite quality factors. However, their actual quality factors are limited by imperfections in fabrication, which lead to coupling with the radiation continuum. In this study, we present a novel approach to address this issue by introducing a merging BIC regime based on a Lieb lattice. By utilizing this approach, we effectively suppress the out-of-plane scattering loss, thereby enhancing the robustness of the structure against fabrication artifacts. Notably, unlike previous merging systems, our design does not rely on the up-down symmetry of metasurfaces. This characteristic grants more flexibility in applications that involve substrates and superstrates with different optical properties, such as microfluidic devices. Furthermore, we incorporate a lateral band gap mirror into the design to encapsulate the BIC structure. This mirror serves to suppress the in-plane radiation resulting from finite-size effects, leading to a remarkable ten-fold improvement in the quality factor. Consequently, our merged BIC metasurface, enclosed by the Lieb lattice photonic crystal mirror, achieves an exceptionally high-quality factor of 105 while maintaining a small footprint of 26.6 × 26.6 μm. Our findings establish an appealing platform that capitalizes on the topological nature of BICs within compact structures. This platform holds great promise for various applications, including optical trapping, optofluidics, and high-sensitivity biodetection, opening up new possibilities in these fields.
Is an immune-oriented use of radiation therapy possible? An increasingly open question under the spotlight of immunotherapy
Authors: Zagardo Valentina , Harikar Mandara , Ferini Gianluca
Published: March 2024

Historically, radiation therapy has been devoted to the achievement of local control both in early and advanced disease, palliation of symptoms (i.e. pain), and the treatment of cancer complications (i.e. bone fractures, bleeding) in advanced/metastatic cancer. Recently, the discovery of the role of radiation therapy as a trigger to activate the immune system has led to an increased interest among insiders regarding the interaction between radiation therapy and host immune reactions. The immune systemic effects of radiation therapy are widely acknowledged to be both immunosuppressive and immunostimulant, albeit there exists considerable uncertainty regarding the doses/fraction that can induce them. The main aim of this brief paper is to describe the systemic anti-tumor responses following radiation therapy on the basis of selected doses/fraction.
Phthalates and uterine disorders
Authors: Yang Shuhong , Yang Shuhao , Luo Aiyue
Published: March 2024

Humans are ubiquitously exposed to environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals such as phthalates. Phthalates can migrate out of products and enter the human body through ingestion, inhalation, or dermal application, can have potential estrogenic/antiestrogenic and/or androgenic/antiandrogenic activity, and are involved in many diseases. As a female reproductive organ that is regulated by hormones such as estrogen, progesterone and androgen, the uterus can develop several disorders such as leiomyoma, endometriosis and abnormal bleeding. In this review, we summarize the hormone-like activities of phthalates, in vitro studies of endometrial cells exposed to phthalates, epigenetic modifications in the uterus induced by phthalate exposure, and associations between phthalate exposure and uterine disorders such as leiomyoma and endometriosis. Moreover, we also discuss the current research gaps in understanding the relationship between phthalate exposure and uterine disorders.
The role of long noncoding RNAs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Rajabi Darya , Khanmohammadi Shaghayegh , Rezaei Nima
Published: March 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with a poor prognosis leading to death. The diagnosis and treatment of ALS are inherently challenging due to its complex pathomechanism. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides involved in different cellular processes, incisively gene expression. In recent years, more studies have been conducted on lncRNA classes and interference in different disease pathologies, showing their promising contribution to diagnosing and treating neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discussed the role of lncRNAs like NEAT1 and C9orf72-as in ALS pathogenesis mechanisms caused by mutations in different genes, including TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43), fused in sarcoma (FUS), superoxide dismutase type 1 (SOD1). NEAT1 is a well-established lncRNA in ALS pathogenesis; hence, we elaborate on its involvement in forming paraspeckles, stress response, inflammatory response, and apoptosis. Furthermore, antisense lncRNAs (as-lncRNAs), a key group of transcripts from the opposite strand of genes, including ZEB1-AS1 and ATXN2-AS, are discussed as newly identified components in the pathology of ALS. Ultimately, we review the current standing of using lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic agents and the future vision of further studies on lncRNA applications.
"Às vezes é útil pedir à evidência que se justifique”
Authors: Barboza Gabriela
Published: March 2024

Neste trabalho, tenho como objetivo apresentar e discutir aspectos possíveis de relação entre os linguistas Ferdinand de Saussure e Émile Benveniste. A partir da utilização da ideia de encontros, proposta por Normand (2009), são brevemente explicitados elementos da vida desses autores que contribuem para a reflexão sobre suas obras. Além disso, procuro dar relevo a principalmente dois dos múltiplos momentos teóricos em que os autores se encontram: as proposições em torno da Linguística Geral e o trabalho com línguas diversas. Espero, com isso, demonstrar a proximidade entre os dois linguistas, Saussure e Benveniste, que nunca se encontraram fisicamente, mas cujo encontro intelectual é notório, inegável e transformador dos rumos da Linguística.
The Study of Human Genomic Diversity in Latin America: Nation and Population
Authors: Wade Peter
Published: March 2024

Genomic science values the genetic diversity revealed by advances in genetic sequencing that allow the detailed mapping of diversity at the level of the individual as well as the population group. This has reinforced the idea that humans share the vast majority of their DNA and that the diversity that does exist cannot be parceled into biological categories that align with older categories of race, which are deeply implicated in the practices and structures of racism. However, the practice of genomic science and medical genetics continues to make use of collective categories and populations. This paper argues that practices in genomic science in Latin America change but also reproduce and even reinforce (by biologizing) familiar and enduring categories of race at different levels in society—among scientists and among nonscientists. The Latin American cases are particular in showing that race is often parsed through ideas about the nation, seen as emerging from the mixture of three ancestral populations. Biologization effects can reinforce the racism (and nationalism) that depend on racialized categories. The paper ends by arguing that these effects are a result of the basic concept of population that has in the past organized and continues today to organize genetic diversity in science practice, despite the ability of genomic technologies to handle genetic diversity at the level of the individual. The grounding role of the population concept is accentuated by Latin American national identities being based on ideas of mixture, which entails a corresponding idea of original purities.
The GLP-1R as a model for understanding and exploiting biased agonism in next-generation medicines
Authors: Douros Jonathan D , Mokrosinski Jacek , Finan Brian
Published: March 2024

The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a class B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that emerged as a pharmacologic target in cardiometabolic disease, including diabetes and obesity, over 30 years ago. The subsequent widespread clinical use of GLP-1R agonists, including exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide, has made the GLP-1R a preeminent model for understanding basic GPCR biology, including the emergent field of biased agonism. Recent data demonstrate that the dual GLP-1R/glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) agonist tirzepatide exhibits a biased signaling profile characterized by preferential Gαs activation over β-arrestin recruitment, which appears to contribute to its insulinotropic and body-weight reducing effects in preclinical models. This constitutes a major finding in which nuanced, mechanistic receptor signaling dynamics in vitro mediate real-world clinical differentiation within a drug class. Because of the striking bench-top-to-bed side relevance of this biased signaling phenomenon, we have undertaken a review of the emerging data detailing biased agonism at the GLP-1R. In this review, we introduce the core concept of biased agonism followed by a detailed consideration of the key mechanisms, including ligand-mediated bias, receptor-mediated bias, and systems/cell-type bias. Current industry programs are largely, if not entirely, focused on developing biased ligands, and so we have dedicated a section of the review to a brief meta-analysis of compounds reported to drive biased signaling, with a consideration of the structural determinants of receptor–ligand interactions. In this work, we aim to assess the current knowledge regarding signaling bias at the GLP-1R and how these ideas might be leveraged in future optimization.
The glucocorticoid receptor in skeletal health and disease: insights from targeted knockout mice
Authors: Macfarlane Eugenie , Zhou Hong , Seibel Markus J
Published: March 2024

Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones, secreted by the adrenals to regulate a range of metabolic, immunologic, and homeostatic functions. Due to their potent anti-inflammatory effects, synthetic glucocorticoids are widely used to treat inflammatory disorders. However, their use especially at high doses and over the long-term is associated with several unwanted side effects that compromises their intended use (e.g. glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and/or diabetes, myopathy, and skin atrophy). Both endogenous and synthetic glucocorticoids exert their effects through the glucocorticoid receptor, a transcription factor present in nearly all nucleated cells. Glucocorticoid receptor knockout mouse models have proved to be valuable tools in understanding how glucocorticoids contribute to skeletal health and disease. These models, described in this review, have helped to establish that the effects of glucocorticoids on the skeleton are multifaceted, cell specific and concentration dependent. Intriguingly, while endogenous glucocorticoids are essential for bone formation, high-dose exogenous glucocorticoids may induce bone loss. Additionally, the actions of endogenous glucocorticoids vary greatly depending on the disease microenvironment. For example, endogenous glucocorticoids have predominately beneficial anti-inflammatory effects in rheumatoid arthritis, but detrimental actions in osteoarthritis by driving cartilage loss and abnormal bone formation. Studies in tissue-specific knockout models provide important insights that will aid the development of new glucocorticoid therapeutics that can specifically target certain cell types to minimise unwanted effects from current glucocorticoid therapy.
Designing an Inclusive City with Chrono-Urbanism Principles
Authors: Nur Khilda W. , Amalia Andi A. , Umar Fitrawan , Hafifah Lutfiah , Alkatiri Aisyah A.A. , Mubarak Khaerul , Syamsuddin Muhammad A.
Published: March 2024

A study was conducted in Tallasa District, the newly developing district in Makassar, Indonesia, to examine all public facilities accessible in the Chrono-Urbanism timeframe and promote social inclusion and equal participation. The study found that while the concept may not be sustainable in the long term, potential development could be achieved through adjustments in spatial planning connections and involving a wide range of age groups in neighborhood designs. The study used the principles of proximity, diversity, density, and digitalization to analyze the concept. The results showed that only the diversity criteria almost met the accessibility and inclusiveness aspects. Applying the Chrono-Urbanism theory may encounter difficulties in regions with large populations and distinctive geographical features such as Indonesia's archipelago. Diverse demographic characteristics, various transportation needs between different areas, and differences in economic and educational strata pose specific challenges. The complexities in managing urban spaces and ensuring proximity and accessibility become more pronounced in densely populated areas and require considerations to accommodate the unique circumstances of each region like Tallasa District in Makassar.
In Memoriam Steffen Bülow (1943 04 03–2023 12 29)
Authors: Nielsen Hans Jorgen
Published: March 2024

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In Memoriam Marius Petrulionis (1987–2023)
Authors: Poškus Tomas
Published: March 2024

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Evidence for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi in invasive breast cancer tissues
Authors: Patel Niraj Jatin , Thippani Sahaja , Jathan Jasmine , Gaur Gauri , Sawant Janhavi Y. , Pandya Jay M. , Sapi Eva
Published: March 2024

Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, has recently been demonstrated to infect and enhance the invasive properties of breast cancer cells, while also influencing the expression of inflammatory chemokines (CXCL8 and CXCL10). This study investigates the presence of B. burgdorferi in invasive breast cancer tissues using commercially available, FDA-approved breast cancer tissue microarrays consisting of 350 ductal, 32 lobular, and 22 intraductal invasive breast carcinomas, alongside 29 normal breast tissues. Employing fluorescent immunohistochemical staining and high-resolution imaging, the findings revealed that approximately 20% of invasive lobular and ductal carcinomas, followed by 14% of intraductal carcinomas, tested positive for B. burgdorferi, while all normal breast tissues tested negative. PCR analysis further confirmed the presence of B. burgdorferi DNA in breast cancer tissues. Moreover, 25% of B. burgdorferi-positive tissues exhibited expression of both chemokines, CXCL8 and CXCL10, which was not observed in B. burgdorferi-negative tissues. Analysis of available patient data, including age, indicated a correlation between older patients and B. burgdorferi-positive tissues. This study validates the presence of B. burgdorferi in invasive breast cancer tissues and highlights the involvement of key CXCL family members associated with inflammatory processes.
Trait anxiety and corresponding neuromarkers predict internet addiction: A longitudinal study
Authors: He Miao , Mao Yu , Qiu Jiang
Published: March 2024

Background and Aims

The high prevalence of internet addiction (IA) has become a worldwide problem that profoundly affects people's mental health and executive function. Empirical studies have suggested trait anxiety (TA) as one of the most robust predictors of addictive behaviors. The present study investigated the neural and socio-psychological mechanisms underlying the association between TA and IA.

Methods

Firstly, we tested the correlation between TA and IA. Then we investigated the longitudinal influence of TA on IA using a linear mixed effect (LME) model. Secondly, connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) was employed to explore neuromarkers of TA, and we tested whether the identified neuromarkers of TA can predict IA. Lastly, stressful life events and default mode network (DMN) were considered as mediating variables to explore the relationship between TA and IA.

Findings

A significant positive correlation between TA and IA was found and the high TA group demonstrated higher IA across time. CPM results revealed that the functional connectivity of cognitive control and emotion-regulation circuits and DMN were significantly correlated with TA. Furthermore, a significant association was found between the neuromarkers of TA and IA. Notably, the CPM results were all validated in an independent sample. The results of mediation demonstrated that stressful life events and correlated functional connectivity mediated the association between TA and IA.

Conclusions

Findings of the present study facilitate a deeper understanding of the neural and socio-psychological mechanisms linking TA and IA and provide new directions for developing neural and psychological interventions.
'Imagining Antiquity in Islamic Societies' Stephennie Mulder (ed) (2022)
Authors: Brown Peter J.
Published: March 2024

Imagining Antiquity in Islamic SocietiesEdited by Stephennie Mulder.Intellect 2022. Critical Studies in Architecture of the Middle East series. 294pp., 118 b/w ill., index. Hb £90.ISBN-13: 9781789385489.
Quiche
Authors: Sayers William
Published: March 2024

An entymological exploration of the word quiche and what it has come to signify --  a generic term for pastry and filling, with various local realizations.
Tom Jaine, translator, The French Country Housewife: The First Volume of Maison rustique des dames (1859) by Cora Millet-Robinet
Authors: Dalby Andrew
Published: March 2024

Tom Jaine, translator, The French Country Housewife: The First Volume of Maison rustique des dames (1859) by Cora Millet-Robinet: Prospect Books, 2017: 711 pp., hardback, £35.00.
Using Corpus Linguistics in Materials Development and Teacher Education
Authors: Curry Niall , Mark Geraldine
Published: March 2024

In published ELT materials, norms relating to written language often dominate, at the expense of spoken language. This dominance of writing typically arises as the features characteristic of everyday spoken language do not reflect the rather neat syllabi expected by teachers and students, globally. Furthermore, there are deeply held opinions relating to the usage and acceptability of features of spoken language. As a result, features of spoken language are often not represented in mainstream materials, despite a perennial request from learners for more ‘conversation’. One potential means to meet such a request is by employing corpus linguistics and spoken language research to inform ELT materials development and teacher education. Responding to this issue, this paper draws on findings from a corpus-based conversation analysis of spontaneous spoken British English to conduct workshops on materials development. The goal of these workshops is to gain a comprehensive perspective on the affordances of corpus linguistics for ELT materials development from core stakeholders: teachers. Through a grounded theory-based thematic analysis of lesson plans, recorded discussions, and survey responses, the findings of this study demonstrate that teachers find value in corpus linguistics research. Specifically, the teachers’ insights offer recourse for developing strategies for exploiting corpora better in future ELT materials development. Moreover, teachers signalled effective means through which corpus linguistics can be embedded in future teacher education.
Potential inhibitory activities of phytoconstituents in Salvia miltiorrhiza against coronary heart disease drug targets using docking and ADMET studies
Authors: Man Thi Thuy Duong , Nguyen Ngoc Long , Pham Hai Son , Tran Thi Hoai Van , Bach Long Giang , Long Pham Quoc , Ha Viet Hai , Do Tien Lam , Pham Thi Hong Minh , Lê Thị Thùy Hương
Published: March 2024

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The effectiveness of the current drugs is still restricted due to high side effects; thus, it is urgently needed to discover novel compounds for drug development. In the field of drug discovery research, the main target receptors for chemotherapy are identified as ACE, PPAR-γ, HMGR, COX-2, and thrombin. In this study, docking simulations were performed for phytoconstituents of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in searching for compounds with potential inhibitory activities against these proteins. As a result, six compounds were suggested as potential multitarget inhibitors and could be considered for further drug development studies based on docking conformation and ADMET property analysis.
Daniela Dennetta naturalistyczno-ideologiczne spojrzenie na religię – kilka uwag opartych na metodologii i znaczeniu pojęć
Authors: Duk Andrzej
Published: March 2024

Czasy współczesne obfitują w różne teorie dotyczące religii. Dotyczy to także myśli amerykańskiego filozofa i kognitywisty Daniela Dennetta. Bazując na własnej wersji ewolucjonizmu, próbuje on przedstawić czytelnikowi teorię mówiącą, że religia jest zjawiskiem naturalnym i zanikającym. Niestety podstawy jego teorii nie są wolne od poważnych błędów. Nie rozumie on ponadto treści kryjących się pod klasycznymi terminami „Bóg” i „religia”, co sprawia, że w jego filozofii pojawia się silna tendencja do „ubóstwiania” i „absolutyzowania” tego, co określa mianem ewolucji czy natury. Można zatem uznać, że mimo iż odrzuca on tradycyjne rozumienie religii, to tendencje religijne są obecne w jego dywagacjach, a on sam jest jak najbardziej człowiekiem „pewnej wiary i zaufania”.
Byt maksymalny
Authors: Olszewski Adam
Published: March 2024

Zadaniem artykułu jest pobudzenie teologów i filozofów do badań nad pewnymi aspektami dowodu ontologicznego (OA). Po przyjęciu ustaleń terminologicznych i prezentacji ogólnych uwag dotyczących argumentu ontologicznego cytuję argument św. Anzelma z Proslogionu II w łacińskiej wersji oryginalnej oraz przekładzie polskim. Następnie, co jest „sercem” pracy, próbuję szkicowo zrekonstruować Tischnerowską wersję tego argumentu św. Anzelma i poddaję ją wstępnej krytycznej analizie. W dalszej kolejności podaję dwa ogólne rozumienia dowodu na istnienie Boga. Ostatnia sekcja pracy poświęcona jest interesującym, a nawet intrygującym spostrzeżeniom na temat pojęcia tytułowego – bytu maksymalnego.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTIPLE-IN, MULTIPLE-OUT ANTENNA FOR S-BAND SATELLITE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Suganya E. , Pushpa T. Anita Jones Mary , Prabhu T.
Published: March 2024

The popularity of multiple-in, multiple-out (MIMO) technology in wireless communication systems has increased due to its ability to enhance system capacity, coverage, and reliability, leading to a rising interest in designing and implementing MIMO antennas for various frequency bands, such as the S-band. However, mutual coupling between multiple antennas can pose a significant challenge in the performance analysis of MIMO systems. In this study, we introduce a novel approach involving the utilization of an L-shaped slot in a patch element placed on an economical FR4 epoxy material with a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02. Multiple antennas are strategically positioned in an orthogonal arrangement to minimize coupling effects. Our proposed antenna design successfully achieves an impedance bandwidth that aligns with the -10 dB reference over a frequency range from 2.78 GHz to 2.66 GHz, making it suitable for S-band satellite applications. Furthermore, by employing a four-element MIMO antenna setup, we achieve excellent isolation characteristics, with values below -20 dB. To ensure excellent MIMO performance, we consider some diversity parameters such as envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and diversity gain (DG), which we investigate and find to be within standard limits (ECC < 0.04, DG = 10 dB). Our study offers valuable insights into designing and optimizing MIMO antennas for S-band satellite applications and can serve as a useful reference for future research in this area.
PROPAGATION OF VECTOR VORTEX BEAMS EXCITED BY A TERAHERTZ LASER DIELECTRIC RESONATOR
Authors: Degtyarev Andrey , Dubinin Mykol M. , Maslov Vyacheslav , Muntean Konstantin I. , Svistunov Oleg
Published: March 2024

In this paper, analytical expressions for the nonparaxial mode diffraction of a terahertz laser dielectric
waveguide resonator are derived. It is assumed that the modes interact with a spiral phase plate. The cases
of different topological charges (n) are considered. Also, using numerical simulations, the physical features
of emerging vortex beams are studied when they propagate in free space. The Rayleigh-Sommerfeld vector theory is used to study propagation of the vortex laser beams in different diffraction zones excited by the modes of a dielectric waveguide quasi-optical resonator upon incidence on a spiral phase plate. It is shown that the interaction of a spiral phase plate with a linearly polarized EH11 mode forms a ring (n = 1, 2) due to field structure with an intensity maximum at the center (n = 0). For the azimuthally polarized TE01 mode, the ring (n = 0) field structure transforms into a field distribution with an intensity maximum at the center (n = 1) and then back to a ring (n = 2). In this case, the phase front of the EH11 mode beam turns from a spherical shape to a spiral one with one singularity point on the axis, while a region with two singularity points appears off the axis for the phase structure of the TE01 mode beam.
Low-Level Students’ Perspectives Toward Synchronous and Asynchronous Blended Learning Activities in the Post-Pandemic Era
Authors: Irvin Christopher
Published: March 2024

Entering the post-pandemic era, educators at universities across South Korea dealt with many restrictions and challenges transitioning back to face-to-face courses. To overcome these difficulties, some instructors used their experiences during emergency remote teaching to incorporate more blended learning activities. This study aimed to gain insight into low-level students’ perspectives toward participating in online synchronous and online asynchronous activities during an in-person EFL course in the first semester of 2022. A total of 83 students participated in this study by completing a series of surveys composed of a mix of Likert-scale and semi-structured qualitative questions. Data analysis combined descriptive statistical analysis with qualitative analysis based on the creation of themes and categories. Key findings are as follows: first, learners enjoyed both types of blended learning activities but preferred asynchronous discussion boards; second, low-level learners believe synchronous activities can help improve their listening skills, while asynchronous activities provide valuable chances to read and write; third, low-level students will accept an activity if they perceive it has value, and these learners have their own opinions of how to make the activities better. Specific comments and examples related to student perspectives and suggestions for the future use of blended learning activities are discussed.
Exile and Exodus: Dante, Wilde, Joyce
Authors: Green James
Published: March 2024

This paper reads Oscar Wilde’s De Profundis and the ‘Aeolus’ episode of James Joyce’s Ulysses together via their usage of Dante, asking what productively emerges from considering this medievalism side by side. The resonance of Dante, in particular his Commedia, is shown to align with a shared concern with difficulty and ambiguity: both texts depict the act of re-reading Dante. Struggling with exile of various kinds, and facing the problem of representing these states, both texts attempt to generate new aesthetic modes through Dante’s example. The paper contends that both texts therefore make use of a Dantean poetics here called the purgatorial mode; Purgatorio appears as a forerunner of these works. Wilde’s De Profundis embeds the reader within layers of reminiscence to create the experience of a difficult middle, proclaiming a queer aesthetics of imperfection that aims towards a liberated future. Joyce’s ‘Aeolus’, meanwhile, dramatizes the movement of Purgatorio, the ascent to perfection through exile as allegorised by Dante via the biblical exodus of the Israelites. What this aesthetics of exile achieves is not so much a clear answer to the problems of representation that Wilde and Joyce faced, as a difficult middle.
Taking into Account the Real Estate Market Cyclicality when Making Investment Decisions
Authors: Ogorodnikova Tatyana , Bedin Boris , Solomein Aleksei
Published: March 2024

The study analyzed the patterns of development of the real estate market. We identified two main trends in the development of the market: the trend of increasing the value of real estate in the long term and cyclical changes in prices in the short and medium term. The study described main stages of the development of the real estate market: the stage of «moderate growth», the stage of «boom», the stage of stagnation and the stage of decline. The main factors that cause the occurrence of the listed stages, as well as the negative and positive consequences of each of them, are determined. The cyclic nature of the real estate market is confirmed by the results of the market analysis. In the context of the economic crisis and the decrease in the effectiveness of most investment instruments, identifying ways to increase the economic efficiency of investments is a rather urgent task. The main factors influencing the efficiency of investments in real estate are analyzed. Among these factors, a fairly significant impact on performance indicators is exerted by: the amount of investment, as well as changes in the cost of an acquired or created asset.
To increase the efficiency of investments in real estate, one should choose the moment of entering and exiting the market, and also take into account the stage of readiness of the object. Thus, the expediency of using the cyclical nature of the real estate market to improve the efficiency of investments has been revealed. Regular monitoring and analysis of the real estate market is necessary to determine the stage of market development. The study described the features of the analysis of the real estate market, which make it possible to identify the stage of its development, taking into account the specifics of the market: inertia, a mismatch between supply and demand in structure; a large number of «exchange» transactions; a significant share of transactions involving mortgage loans, and a need to take into account adjustments when used in the analysis of offer prices analogue objects. The study proposed ways to improve the efficiency of investments in real estate, taking into account the cyclical nature of the market when using various investment strategies: obtaining rental income and increasing the value of real estate.
Increase in emerging cardiac pathology due to drop off primary prevention in SARS-COV 2 times
Authors: E Berastegui García , H Perez Molto , E Moret Ruiz , C Labata Salvador , J Lopez Ayerbe , A Bayes Genis , C Muñoz-Guijosa
Published: March 2024

The SARS-COV 2 pandemic has disrupted many processes of care related to prevention, diagnostic, and therapeutic interventions, including emergency cardiac conditions. Primary care focused on COVID-19 management and vaccination has led to a preventive and therapeutic gap of many chronic conditions and risk factors, including hypertension, a main trigger for Acute Aortic Dissection (AAD).
Arabidopsis thaliana detached leaf assay for the disease assessment ofFusarium graminearuminfection v1
Authors: J Armer Victoria , J. Deeks Michael , E. Hammond-Kosack Kim
Published: March 2024

Arabidopsis thaliana (At), as the plant model organism, has the advantage of a bank of genotypes in stock centres worldwide. This allows for the assessment of genotypes and their contributes to disease resistance and/or susceptibility to a wide range of pathogens. We found that, through utilising the SALK lines (Alonso et al., 2003) provided by NASC (Nottingham, UK), to ensure reproducible disease phenotypes for disease analysis required additional specific steps not detailed in the current literature. This is likely due to the specificity of Fusarium graminearum (Fg) infection to the floral tissues of small grain cereals and the fact that At is a non-host of Fg. Whilst this protocol has been written and tested for the assessment of detached At leaves infected with Fg, it may be adapted for use for exploring other plant-pathogen interactions. This protocol is designed for the assessment of disease on Arabidopsis thaliana leaves by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum. The nuances of this protocol that have been troubleshot have encouraged us to publish this as its own entity. The protocol described has been adapted from previous protocols published by Machado-Wood et al. (2021) and Chen et al. (2003), as well as by taking several components from Cuzick et al. (2008). Loosely, this protocol details seed sterilisation and plant growth, inoculations and diseases assessment.
Monosynaptic Rabies Tracing v1
Authors: Nelson Alexandra , Ryan Michael
Published: March 2024

This protocol describes the steps for performing stereotaxic surgery in mice. It is applicable to intracranial injections (e.g. virus, drug) and placement of implants (e.g. optical fibers, electrode arrays) into targeted regions of mouse brains.
ssDNA2.0: Klenow mix v1
Authors: Nagel Sarah , Schmidt Anna , Meyer Matthias
Published: March 2024

Protocol for the preparation of Klenow mix for automated single-stranded DNA library preparation using the ssDNA2.0 method (Gansauge et al. 2020). References Gansauge, M.-T., Aximu-Petri, A., Nagel, S., & Meyer, M. (2020). Manual and automated preparation of single-stranded DNA libraries for the sequencing of DNA from ancient biological remains and other sources of highly degraded DNA. Nature Protocols, 15, 2279-2300.
Expression and Purification of RH proteins via MBP affinity tag v1
Authors: Tudorica Dan
Published: March 2024

Affinity purification followed by size exclusion chromatography.
GSEA v1
Authors: Jhingan Karina
Published: March 2024

This is a GSEA and GSVA analysis on time series data that creates barplots showing how the enrichment score varies over the series of time
Infusion PCTS Syntax in the Implementation of the Middle School Science Curriculum
Authors: Kurniawati Nia , Susilana Rudi , Setiawan Budi
Published: March 2024

Curriculum implementation is an important stage in supporting the success of a curriculum designed by educational institutions. This research aims to apply the PCTS syntax in one of the science learning materials in junior high schools. PCTS is a learning model that focuses on improving students' critical thinking abilities through solving contextual problems. The method used in this research is a qualitative method using a descriptive approach. Data was collected through document study. Data analysis techniques through reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The findings obtained are that the PCTS model is quite easy to apply to science learning as a form of curriculum implementation, and is very supportive of improving students' critical thinking through the PCTS syntax, especially in the last two steps of the syntax. The conclusion is that the PCTS model is believed to support the implementation of the Merdeka Science Curriculum for Middle Schools in improving the critical thinking of individual students through the infusion of PCTS model syntax in science learning at the middle school level. AbstrakImplementasi kurikulum merupakan tahapan penting dalam menunjang keberhasilan suatu kurikulum yang dirancang oleh institusi pendidikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengaplikasikan syntax PCTS dalam salah satu materi pembelajaran IPA di SMP. PCTS merupakan model pembelajaran yang berfokus pada peningkatan kemampuan berfikir kritis siswa melalui penyelesaian masalah kontekstual. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui study dokumen. Teknik analisis data melalui reduksi, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Temuan yang didapat yaitu model PCTS ini cukup mudah diaplikasikan kedalam pembelajaran IPA sebagai bentuk implementasi kurikulum, dan sangat mendukung terhadap peningkatan critical thinking siswa melalui syntax PCTS, khusunya pada dua langkah terakhir syntax tersebut. Kesimpulannya bahwa Model PCTS ini diyakini akan mendukung implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka IPA SMP dalam meningkatkan critical thinking siswa secara individu melalui infusi syntax model PCTS dalam pembelajaran IPA tingkat SMP.Kata kunci: Critical thinking; implementasi kurikulum; model PCTS; pembelajaran IPA
Ancient sites as ethnomathematics for strengthening Profil Pelajar Pancasila in Malang
Authors: Utami Wikan Budi , Hariyani Sri , Aulia Fikri
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of learning mathematics using ancient sites as a source of learning and to raise students' awareness of protecting and preserving ancient sites. The research design used was the pre and post-test group design with two groups. The experimental and control groups will be given a pretest before treatment and a posttest after treatment. The population used was 148 grade IV elementary school students, and the sample used was 120 people consisting of 60 experimental class students and 60 control class students. Data analysis in this study used statistical data processing software IBM SPSS version 27. Based on the summary of the independent t-test results, the value of Sig. (2-tailed) on the post-test data is 0.001. This value is smaller than the specified significance level of 0.05. This means that the averages of the experimental and control groups at the post-test were significantly different. The results showed that the archaeological site of Singosari temple can be used as a source of learning mathematics for elementary schools and can increase students' understanding of the preservation of ancient sites as a form of strengthening the Profil Pelajar Pancasila. AbstrakPenelitian ini mengungkap keefektifan pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan situs purbakala sebagai sumber belajar serta meningkatkan kesadaran siswa untuk menjaga dan melestarikan situs purbakala. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre and posttest group design dengan dua kelompok. Kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol akan diberikan pretest sebelum perlakuan dan posttest setelah perlakuan design dengan dua kelompok. Kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol akan diberikan pretest sebelum perlakuan dan posttest setelah perlakuan. Populasi yang digunakan sebanyak 148 siswa sekolah dasar kelas IV dan sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 120 orang yang terdiri dari 60 siswa kelas eksperimen dan 60 siswa kelas kontrol. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan software pengolah data statistik IBM SPSS versi 27. Berdasarkan rangkuman hasil uji t independen diperoleh nilai Sig. (2-tailed) pada data posttest 0,001. Nilai ini lebih kecil dari tingkat signifikansi yang ditentukan yaitu 0,05. Artinya rata-rata kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol pada saat posttest berbeda secara signifikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa situs arkeologi Candi Singosari dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber pembelajaran matematika untuk sekolah dasar dan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap pelestarian situs purbakala sebagai bentuk penguatan profil siswa Pancasila.Kata Kunci: Ethnomathematic; Profil Pelajar Pancasila; situs purbakala; sumber belajar
Il regionalismo differenziato: l’attuazione dell’art. 116, comma 3 della Costituzione italiana, fra principi costituzionali e diritti di cittadinanza
Authors: Gambino Silvio
Published: March 2024

Within the framework of the regionally forms of state – under the constitutional principle of unity and indivisibility of the republican order - complex questions arise above all with regard to the relationship between the principles of territorial autonomy (regional and local), equality and solidarity. In the implementation of differentiated regionalism in the Italian legal system, these issues raise significant doubts especially regard to the guarantees of effectiveness of the protection of fundamental social rights. The fundamental matter of the analysis is the relationship between the juridical-political unity of the nation, forms of territorial distribution of power (even possibly asymmetrical in view of the provision of "further forms and particular conditions of autonomy", article 116, paragraph 3 of the italian Constitution) and citizenship rights ('unitary' and 'social').
Domesticity as Nation Building in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Johnson Sophie A.
Published: March 2024

The legacy passed on from one generation to another has deep connections to a shared identity, a sense of belonging, and cultural heritage. Different types of architecture reflect cultural and societal changes, especially housing. In the UAE, housing has played an important role in nation-building efforts, with the Emirati villa, a space filled with intangible practices through which domestic cultural production and national identity can be read. Therefore, the transformation of domesticity has been instrumental in the process of rapid Emiratisation and nation-building. This article discusses the tangible and intangible aspects of domesticity and hospitality found in the Emirati villa using conventional architectural analysis and live experience studies. By presenting what guides and informs domestic practices, one can read the interior space as a series of spatial qualities. It asks: How have Emirati homes become a means to create and preserve shared social practices? This aims to reveal how social practices, such as hospitality, are spatialised in Emirati homes, capturing everyday life and social norms. The article argues for the recognition of domestic cultural transformations as a valuable contribution to Emirati national identity over the last 50 years of nation-building.