bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Femur Mineral Content and Local Muscle Strength and Mass
Authors: Ramos Bruno V. R. , Massini Danilo A. , Almeida Tiago A. F. , Castro Eliane A. , Espada Mário C. , Ferreira Cátia C. , Robalo Ricardo A. M. , Macedo Anderson G. , Pessôa Filho Dalton M.
Published: April 2024

Among the stimuli able to prevent early decreases in bone mineralization, exercise has a noticeable role per se as the source of mechanical stimulus or through lean tissue enlargement by its increasing of tensional stimulus. However, prevention strategies, including exercise, generally do not establish the moment in life when attention should begin to be paid to bone integrity, according to age group- and sex-related differences. Thus, this study analyzed the relationship between variables from the diagnosis of total and regional body composition, muscle strength, and bone mineral content (BMC) of femurs in young adult males. Thirty-four young Caucasian men (24.9 ± 8.6 years) had their body composition and bone density assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry. The subjects performed a one-repetition maximum test (1-RM) in a bench press, front pulley, seated-row, push press, arm curl, triceps pulley, leg flexion, leg extension, and 45° leg press for the assessment of muscle strength in upper and lower limbs in single- and multi-joint exercises. Lean tissue mass in the trunk and upper and lower limbs were related to femoral BMC (Pearson coefficient ranging from 0.55 to 0.72, p < 0.01), and 1-RM values for different exercises involving both upper and lower limbs also correlated with femoral BMC (Pearson coefficients ranging from 0.34 to 0.46, p < 0.05). Taken together, these correlations suggest that muscle mass and strength are positively linked with the magnitude of femoral mass in men, even in early adulthood. Hence, the importance of an enhanced muscle mass and strength to the health of femoral bones in young adults was highlighted.
Extracellular Vesicles from Scedosporium apiospermum Mycelial Cells: Implication for Fungal-Host Interplays
Authors: Aor Ana Carolina , Sangenito Leandro S. , Mello Thaís P. , Joffe Luna S. , Rizzo Juliana , Veiga Venício F. , da Silva Renata N. , Pereira Marcos D. , Fonseca Beatriz B. , Rozental Sonia , Haido Rosa Maria T. , Rodrigues Marcio L. , Branquinha Marta H. , Santos André L. S.
Published: April 2024

The release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been implicated as an alternative transport mechanism for the passage of macromolecules through the fungal cell wall, a phenomenon widely reported in yeasts but poorly explored in mycelial cells. In the present work, we have purified and characterized the EVs released by mycelia of the emerging, opportunistic, widespread and multidrug-resistant filamentous fungus Scedosporium apiospermum. Transmission electron microscopy images and light scattering measurements revealed the fungal EVs, which were observed individually or grouped with heterogeneous morphology, size and electron density. The mean diameter of the EVs, evaluated by the light scattering technique, was 179.7 nm. Overall, the structural stability of S. apiospermum EVs was preserved during incubation under various storage conditions. The lipid, carbohydrate and protein contents were quantified, and the EVs’ protein profile was evidenced by SDS-PAGE, revealing proteins with molecular masses ranging from 20 to 118 kDa. Through immunoblotting, ELISA and immunocytochemistry assays, antigenic molecules were evidenced in EVs using a polyclonal serum (called anti-secreted molecules) from a rabbit inoculated with conditioned cell-free supernatant obtained from S. apiospermum mycelial cells. By Western blotting, several antigenic proteins were identified. The ELISA assay confirmed that the anti-secreted molecules exhibited a positive reaction up to a serum dilution of 1:3200. Despite transporting immunogenic molecules, S. apiospermum EVs slightly induced an in vitro cytotoxicity effect after 48 h of contact with either macrophages or lung epithelial cells. Interestingly, the pretreatment of both mammalian cells with purified EVs significantly increased the association index with S. apiospermum conidia. Furthermore, EVs were highly toxic to Galleria mellonella, leading to larval death in a typically dose- and time-dependent manner. Collectively, the results represent the first report of detecting EVs in the S. apiospermum filamentous form, highlighting a possible implication in fungal pathogenesis.
Gradualness of Grammaticalization and Abrupt Change Reconciled: Evidence from Microvariation in Romance
Authors: Paoli Sandra
Published: April 2024

Grammaticalization has long been understood as a process that takes place gradually, but within it, discrete and abrupt changes take place. This tension has been reconciled by claiming that the semblance of a gradual process is given by different parts of a construction undergoing changes at different points in time. Focusing on synchronic microvariation as gradience, this article discusses cases of clitic loss in four Romance varieties (Brazilian Portuguese, Raeto-Romance, some northeastern Italo-Romance varieties, and French), and identifies common patterns in the cells of the paradigms that are most vulnerable to the process of loss. Relating the grammatical and semantic properties of these cells to established typological hierarchies, the paper explores how general cognitive principles can account for the key properties of gradualness and gradience and, ultimately, language change.
Analyzing Barriers to Internet of Things (IoT) Adoption in Humanitarian Logistics: An ISM–DEMATEL Approach
Authors: Rejeb Abderahman , Rejeb Karim , Zrelli Imen
Published: April 2024

Background: Effective humanitarian logistics (HL) is essential in disaster response. The “Internet of Things” (IoT) holds potential to enhance the efficiency and efficacy of HL, yet adoption is slowed by numerous barriers. Methods: This study employs interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) to explore and classify barriers to IoT integration in HL. Results: A total of 12 barriers were identified, classified, and ranked according to their driving power and dependence. Key barriers include lack of standardization, organizational resistance, data quality issues, and legal challenges. Conclusions: Overcoming these barriers could significantly improve relief operations, reduce errors, and enhance decision-making processes in HL. This investigation is the first of its kind into IoT barriers in HL, laying the groundwork for further research and providing valuable insights for HL managers.
Magnetoresistive Evidence of Degeneracy in Nanomagnets Obtained by Electrodeposition Technique
Authors: Oliveira Lara B. , Paiva Teonis S. , Teixeira Hamilton A. , de Araujo Clodoaldo I. L.
Published: April 2024

Inspired in pyrochlore materials presenting residual entropy and featuring collective excitation behaving like emergent monopoles, geometrically frustrated arrays of nanomagnets, denominated artificial spin ices (ASIs), were proposed as an interesting platform to investigate such excitation at room temperature. However, in such artificial systems, emergent magnetic monopoles lack the same freedom present their natural counterpart, once energetic strings connecting opposite magnetic charges arise. In this work, we aim to experimentally investigate the proposed degeneracy obtained in connected square arrays of ASIs, a characteristic that allows a reduction in the string connecting monopole–antimonopole pairs in regular non-connected ASIs and could represent an important development for technological applications of connected nanomagnets. As in general those systems are developed by nanofabrication processes involving expensive and time-consuming physical vapour deposition techniques, we also present a new nanofabrication route using an electrodeposition technique for permalloy growth in different lattice geometries as an alternative for fast and low-cost ASI system production.
Competition and Regulation: The Case of the UK Banking Industry
Authors: Muzzupappa Eleonora
Published: April 2024

This study examines the impact of the Basel Accords on competition within the UK banking sector, considering variations based on bank size. The Basel Accords, designed to enhance financial stability, introduce provisions that may affect competition dynamics. Empirical analysis reveals divergent outcomes: large banks tend towards monopolization, while other banks shift towards a more competitive environment. Large banks benefit from regulatory barriers and technological advancements, while other banks face challenges from increased compliance costs. These findings highlight the complex relationship between regulation and competition in banking, emphasizing the need for balanced regulations that promote stability while fostering healthy competition.
Magnetic Micro and Nano Sensors for Continuous Health Monitoring
Authors: Blachowicz Tomasz , Kola Ilda , Ehrmann Andrea , Guenther Karoline , Ehrmann Guido
Published: April 2024

Magnetic micro and nano sensors can be used in a broad variety of applications, e.g., for navigation, automotives, smartphones and also for health monitoring. Based on physical effects such as the well-known magnetic induction, the Hall effect, tunnel magnetoresistance and giant magnetoresistance, they can be used to measure positions, flow, pressure and other physical properties. In biomedicine and healthcare, these miniaturized sensors can be either integrated into garments and other wearables, be directed through the body by passive capsules or active micro-robots or be implanted, which usually necessitates bio-functionalization and avoiding cell-toxic materials. This review describes the physical effects that can be applied in these sensors and discusses the most recent micro and nano sensors developed for healthcare applications.
Phenylspirodrimane with Moderate Reversal Effect of Multidrug Resistance Isolated from the Deep-Sea Fungus Stachybotrys sp. 3A00409
Authors: Ma Xinhua , Wu Min , Chen Zhenwei , Cao Fan , Zhong Tianhua , Luo Zhuhua , Shao Zongze , Zhang Yonghong , Chen Limin , Zhang Zhiqiang
Published: April 2024

Two new phenylspirodrimanes, stachybotrins K and L (1 and 2), together with eight known analogues (3–10), were isolated from deep-sea-derived Stachybotrys sp. MCCC 3A00409. Their structures were determined by extensive NMR data and mass spectroscopic analysis. Absolute configurations of new compounds were determined through a comparison of their circular dichroism (CD) spectra with other reported compounds. The possible reversal effects of all compounds were assayed in the resistant cancer cell lines. Stachybotrysin B (8) can reverse multidrug resistance (MDR) in ABCB1-overexpression cells (KBv200, Hela/VCR) at the non-cytotoxic concentration. Doxorubicin accumulation assay and molecular-docking analysis reveal that the mechanism of its reversal MDR effect may be related to the increase in the intracellular concentration of substrate anticancer drugs.
Temperature Dependence of the Polar and Lewis Acid–Base Properties of Poly Methyl Methacrylate Adsorbed on Silica via Inverse Gas Chromatography
Authors: Hamieh Tayssir
Published: April 2024

The adsorption of polymers on solid surfaces is common in many industrial applications, such as coatings, paints, catalysis, colloids, and adhesion processes. The properties of absorbed polymers commonly vary with temperature. In this paper, inverse gas chromatography at infinite dilution was used to determine the physicochemical characterization of PMMA adsorbed on silica. A new method based on the London dispersion equation was applied with a new parameter associating the deformation polarizability with the harmonic mean of the ionization energies of the solvent. More accurate values of the dispersive and polar interaction energies of the various organic solvents adsorbed on PMMA in bulk phase and PMMA/silica at different recovery fractions were obtained, as well as the Lewis acid–base parameters and the transition temperatures of the different composites. It was found that the temperature and the recovery fraction have important effects on the various physicochemical and thermodynamic properties. The variations in all the interaction parameters showed the presence of three transition temperatures for the different PMMA composites adsorbed on silica with various coverage rates, with a shift in these temperatures for a recovery fraction of 31%. An important variation in the polar enthalpy and entropy of adsorption, the Lewis acid–base parameters and the intermolecular separation distance was highlighted as a function of the temperature and the recovery fraction of PMMA on silica.
Investigating the Impact of Topology and Physical Impairments on the Capacity of an Optical Backbone Network
Authors: Freitas Alexandre , Pires João
Published: April 2024

Optical backbone networks constitute the fundamental infrastructure employed today by network operators to deliver services to users. As network capacity is a key factor influencing optical network performance, it is important to understand how topological and physical properties impact its behavior and to have the capability to estimate its value. In this context, we propose here a method to evaluate the network capacity that relies on the optical reach to account for physical layer aspects in conjunction with constrained routing techniques for traffic routing. As this type of routing can lead to traffic blocking, particularly due to the limitation on the number of wavelengths per fiber, we also propose a fiber assignment algorithm designed to deal with this problem. We apply this method to a set of randomly generated networks using a modified Waxman model, and for a network with 60 nodes, in a scenario without blocking, we obtain capacities of about 2.5 Pbit/s for a symbol rate of 64 Gbaud and about 5 Pbit/s for a symbol rate of 128 Gbaud. Remarkably, this duplication in the total network capacity is achieved by an increase in the total fiber length of only about 51%.
Aging in Some Opinion Formation Models: A Comparative Study
Authors: Llabrés Jaume , Oliver-Bonafoux Sara , Anteneodo Celia , Toral Raúl
Published: April 2024

Changes of mind can become less likely the longer an agent has adopted a given opinion state. This resilience or inertia to change has been called “aging”. We perform a comparative study of the effects of aging on the critical behavior of two standard opinion models with pairwise interactions. One of them is the voter model, which is a two-state model with a dynamic that proceeds via social contagion; another is the so-called kinetic exchange model, which allows a third (neutral) state, and its formed opinion depends on the previous opinions of both interacting agents. Furthermore, in the noisy version of both models, random opinion changes are also allowed, regardless of the interactions. Due to aging, the probability of changing diminishes with the age, and to take this into account, we consider algebraic and exponential kernels. We investigate the situation where aging acts only on pairwise interactions. Analytical predictions for the critical curves of the order parameters are obtained for the opinion dynamics on a complete graph, in good agreement with agent-based simulations. For both models considered, the consensus is optimized via an intermediate value of the parameter that rules the rate of decrease of the aging factor.
Effects of Gender and Social Network Use on High School Students’ Emotional Well-Being during COVID-19
Authors: Mandić Sabina , Ricijaš Neven , Dodig Hundrić Dora
Published: April 2024

Various studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic have confirmed changes in online behaviour, with young people increasingly using social networks. This trend appears to correlate with a heightened risk of various psychological and emotional problems. The main aim of this study is to explore the patterns of social network use among high school students amidst the pandemic, particularly focusing on the presence of specific emotional problems and potential gender differences. In addition, this study aims to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on the influence of lockdown measures on adolescents. A probabilistic sample of N = 825 students from 20 high schools in Zagreb participated in this study. Alongside basic sociodemographic variables, this study assessed social network habits and emotional problems using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21). The findings indicate intensive social media engagement during the pandemic. The results of the MANOVA analysis (gender x daily time on social media) show significant effects of both the time spent on social networks and gender on mental health, while no interaction effect was observed. Female students and those who spend more time on social media have higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. These findings underscore the need for addressing emotional problems and habits in the virtual environment of high school students and implementing appropriate preventive and treatment interventions.
A Spatiotemporal Comparative Analysis of Docked and Dockless Shared Micromobility Services
Authors: Hassam Sara , Alpalhão Nuno , Neto Miguel de Castro
Published: April 2024

Sustainable urban mobility is an imperative concern in contemporary cities, and shared micromobility systems, such as docked bike-sharing, dockless bike-sharing, and dockless e-scooter-sharing, are recognized as essential contributors to sustainable behaviors in cities, both complementing and enhancing public transport options. Most of the literature on this subject predominantly focuses on individual assessments of these systems, overlooking the comparative analysis necessary for a comprehensive understanding. This study aims to bridge this gap by conducting a spatiotemporal analysis of two different shared micromobility modes of transportation, docked bike-sharing systems and dockless e-scooter-sharing systems operating in the municipality of Lisbon. The analysis is further segmented into arrivals and departures on weekdays and weekends. Additionally, this study explores the impact of sociodemographic factors, the population’s commuting modes, and points of interest (POIs) on the demand for both docked bike-sharing and dockless e-scooter-sharing. Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) models are employed to estimate the influence of these factors on system usage in different parishes in Lisbon. Comparative analysis reveals that the temporal distribution of trips is similar for both docked bike-sharing and dockless e-scooter-sharing systems on weekdays and weekends. However, differences in spatial distribution between the two systems were observed. The MGWR results indicate that the number of individuals commuting by bike in each parish has a positive effect on docked bike-sharing, while it exerts a negative influence on dockless e-scooter-sharing. Also, the number of commercial points of interest (POIs) for weekday arrivals positively affects the usage of both systems. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of shared micromobility patterns in urban environments and can aid cities in developing effective strategies that not only promote and increase the utilization of these shared micromobility systems but also contribute to sustainable urban mobility.
The Loss of Soil Parent Material: Detecting and Measuring the Erosion of Saprolite
Authors: Evans Daniel L. , Cândido Bernardo , Coelho Ricardo M. , De Maria Isabella C. , de Moraes Jener F. L. , Eltner Anette , Martins Letícia L. , Cantarella Heitor
Published: April 2024

Soil parent material is a fundamental natural resource for the generation of new soils. Through weathering processes, soil parent materials provide many of the basic building blocks for soils and have a significant bearing on the physico-chemical makeup of the soil profile. Parent materials are critical for governing the stock, quality, and functionality of the soil they form. Most research on soil parent materials to date has aimed to establish and measure the processes by which soil is generated from them. Comparatively little work has been performed to assess the rates at which soil parent materials erode if they are exposed at the land surface. This is despite the threat that the erosion of soil parent materials poses to the process of soil formation and the loss of the essential ecosystem services those soils would have provided. A salient but unanswered question is whether the erosion of soil parent materials, when exposed at the land surface, outpaces the rates at which soils form from them. This study represents one of the first to detect and measure the loss of soil parent material. We applied Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle Structure-From-Motion (UAV-SfM) photogrammetry to detect, map, and quantify the erosion rates of an exposed saprolitic (i.e., weathered bedrock) surface on an agricultural hillslope in Brazil. We then utilized a global inventory of soil formation to compare these erosion rates with the rates at which soils form in equivalent lithologies and climatic contexts. We found that the measured saprolite erosion rates were between 14 and 3766 times faster than those of soil formation in similar climatic and lithological conditions. While these findings demonstrate that saprolite erosion can inhibit soil formation, our observations of above-ground vegetation on the exposed saprolitic surface suggests that weathered bedrock has the potential to sustain some biomass production even in the absence of traditional soils. This opens up a new avenue of enquiry within soil science: to what extent can saprolite and, by extension, soil parent materials deliver soil ecosystem services?
Research Optimizing Building Ventilation Performance through the Application of Trombe Walls in Regions with Hot Summers and Cold Winters: A Case Study in China
Authors: Sheng Zechao , Zhang Guoyi , Luo Xiaojun , Ye Chenle , Lin Jinhe , Chen Zhonggou
Published: April 2024

The hot-summer and cold-winter climate zone spans a large latitude, where the passive means of retrofitting the Trombe wall (TW) can be utilized to effectively improve the indoor wind environment and thermal comfort. In this study, a public building in Wenzhou, China, was selected as the object, and CFD numerical simulations and the wind environment data in spring, summer, and fall were collected through field experimental measurements. Comparative analyses were carried out to explore the adaptive strategy and effectiveness of the application of the Trombe wall on the local wind environment and climate and to quantify the improvement effect of the application of the Trombe wall on the Indoor environment. The results showed that the application of the Trombe wall in spring and fall in hot-summer and cold-winter regions could obviously increase the average indoor wind speed and the wind speed at the building outlet by 0.2–0.8 m/s and 0.9–3.6 m/s, respectively. This further effectively prolongs the indoor thermal comfort hours in spring and fall, which is a relatively applicable season, while the ventilation performance in summer is poor compared to spring and fall seasons.
Surface and Aggregation Properties of Rhamnolipids in Water–Bioethanol Mixtures: A Step toward Green Formulation Design
Authors: Esposito Rodolfo , Taddeo Francesco , Russo Vincenzo , Russo Krauss Irene , D’Errico Gerardino
Published: April 2024

Water–ethanol mixtures are largely exploited for many different applications, from industrial processes to pharmaceutical formulations. Surfactants are often added to tune their interfacial properties. Sustainability concerns require redesigning such blends to minimize their environmental impact. A successful approach is to replace synthetic oil-based components with affordable unpurified bio-derived alternatives. In this respect, we have characterized aqueous mixtures of bioethanol, obtained by the fermentation of algae, and rhamnolipids, biosurfactants of microbial origin. The physico-chemical characterization of water–bioethanol binary mixtures in terms of refractive index, density, viscosity, and surface tension indicates that bioethanol behaves like pure ethanol with negligible effects of impurities. Analysis of tensiometric titrations shows that, at bioethanol contents higher than 20–30% bioethanol mass percent, rhamnolipid aggregation is impaired, whereas surface adsorption at the water–air interface remains poorly affected. Overall, bio-derived components can be proposed as a promising alternative to oil-derived chemicals in eco-sustainable formulations.
The Role of Language Barriers on Hospital Outcomes in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Patients following Trauma Admission
Authors: Le Khang Duy Ricky , Le Kelvin , Shahzad Abdullah , Lee Su Jin
Published: April 2024

(1) Background: Patients who experience acute traumatic injury requiring hospitalisation represent a vulnerable population. The trauma patient often experiences multi-system injuries and complex physiology. Additionally, there are complex socio-ecological issues that impact the care and outcomes of trauma patients. Of interest, culturally and linguistically diverse populations with language barriers experience worse outcomes in trauma settings. This scoping review evaluates the current evidence on language barriers in this population and the influences on outcomes for trauma patients. (2) Methods: A scoping review was performed following a computer-assisted search of the Medline, Embase and Cochrane Central databases. Papers that evaluated the impact of the language barrier in culturally and linguistically diverse populations and outcomes in acute trauma settings were included. (3) Results: A literature search identified eight articles that were eligible for inclusion. Overall, there was no robust evidence to suggest that such populations were disadvantaged in terms of length of hospital stay and overall mortality. However, studies did identify that these populations were at higher risk of disability and poor mental health outcomes, experienced communication barriers more often and had lower social functioning. (4) Conclusions: This scoping review demonstrates that individuals admitted due to trauma who are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds experience more significant disadvantages concerning psychological and functional outcomes. It is posited this is due to their inability to communicate their complex needs in trauma, however more robust and rigorous research is required to better characterise this effect.
APIs in the Metaverse—A Systematic Evaluation
Authors: Traub Marius , Weinberger Markus
Published: April 2024

One of the most critical challenges for the success of the Metaverse is interoperability amongst its virtual platforms and worlds. In this context, application programming interfaces (APIs) are essential. This study analyzes a sample of 15 Metaverse platforms. In the first step, the availability of publicly accessible APIs was examined. For those platforms offering an API, i.e., Decentraland, Second Life, Voxels, Roblox, Axie Infinity, Upland, and VRChat, the available API contents were collected, analyzed, and presented in the paper. The results show that only a few Metaverse platforms offer APIs at all. In addition, the available APIs are very diverse and heterogeneous. Information is somewhat fragmented, requiring access to several APIs to compile a comprehensive data set. Thus, standardized APIs will enable better interoperability and foster a more seamless and immersive user experience in the Metaverse.
Aleksandro Guagninio ir Motiejaus Strijkovskio kronikos – Simono Daukanto šaltiniai
Authors: Bončkutė Roma
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the sources of the chronicles of Motiejus Strijkovskis (Polish: Maciej Stryjkowski, Latin: Matthias Stricovius, Matys Strycovius, Matys Strykowius, etc., 1547–c.1593) and Alessandro Guagnini (full name: Alessandro Guagnini dei Rizzoni; 1534 [1538]–1614), which were cited by Simonas Daukantas.
Daukantas wrote four works of a historical nature and quoted Strijkovskis in all of them; as for Guagnini’s chronicle, he did not quote it in his first work Darbay senuju Lituwiu yr Zemaycziu (The Deeds of the Early Lithuanians and Samogitians, 1822; hereinafter Darbai) and in his last work Pasakojimas apej Wejkałus Lietuwiû tautos senowie (A Narrative about the Deeds in the Ancient Times of the Lithuanian Nation, ~1850–1854; hereinafter Pasakojimas). The question is raised whether the ambiguous evaluation of the authorship of Guagnini’s Sarmatiae Europeae descriptio (1574–1578; hereinafter SED) might have influenced Daukantas, which led him to rely more heavily on Strijkovskis’s work during certain periods of the writing of his historical works. In order to determine the extent to which Daukantas was aware of Strijkovskis’s accusation of plagiarism against the Italian chronicler, the dynamics of the (non) citation of the works by these two authors in Daukantas’s works and in the
excerpts from books are discussed. Since Guagnini’s work (and its fragments) was more frequently reprinted in Europe, even though its authorship was raising doubts, researchers are facing difficulties as to the source of citations. The article discusses the editions of fragments of Guagnini’s SED and establishes that Daukantas translated Guagnini’s ‘Ducatus Samogitiae’, which he used in BUDĄ Senowęs-Lëtuwiû Kalnienû ĩr Ƶámajtiû (The Character of the Early Lithuanians, Samogitians, and Highlanders, 1845; hereinafter Būdas), from the first edition of the 1627 book RESPUBLICA, Siue Status Regni POLONIÆ, LITUANIÆ, PRUSSIÆ, LIVONIÆ etc. diuerſorum
Autorum compiled by Johannes de Laet.
Pirmieji posukiliminiai metai Lietuvos istoriografijoje: kaip archeologus keitė slavistai ir folkloristai. Piotro Bezsonovo atvejis (1865–1866 m.)
Authors: Griškaitė Reda
Published: April 2024

The events of 1863–1864 were a turning point in the intellectual life of Vilnius (Rus. Vil’na) and of all Lithuanian and Belarussian gubernias of the then Russian Empire, which were already commonly known as the North-Western krai, i.e. province. The consequences of the defeated uprising – the reorganisation of the Vilnius Museum of Antiquities, the closure of the Vilnius Temporary Archaeological Commission, and the establishment of the Vilnius Public Library – became a recognised fact. Vilnius Central Archives, founded in 1852 and significantly enriched by the archives of the estates confiscated after the uprising and of the closed Catholic monasteries, also played a significant role in the imperial policy, as did the archive of the books of the early acts of the gubernias of Vilnius, Kaunas (Rus. Kovno), Gardinas (Rus. Grodno) and Minsk, and the Vilnius Commission for the studies and publication of the books of the early acts. Since all these institutions operated in the premises of the closed Vilnius University, nowadays their history is justifiably or maybe unjustifiably (as the content of this article would suggest) treated as an integral part of the history of the alma mater. The aim of the newly created Russian centre of science and culture was to annihilate the historical memory of the ‘Polish’ intellectual life that had once been bustling within these walls. All four institutions – or rather all three, since after the reorganisation of the Vilnius Museum of Antiquities it became a division of the Vilnius Public Library – attracted scholars’ attention. Key personalities who used to work in these institutions were also mentioned and sometimes introduced in greater detail.
Estrategias de enseñanza para el logro de competencias
Authors: Ortega Menzala Eliana , Menzala Peralta Rita María , Villafuerte Alvarez Carlos Alberto
Published: April 2024

El estudio examinó las prácticas educativas de los docentes para mejorar la calidad educativa y el logro de competencias de los alumnos. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño descriptivo, recolectando datos de 86 docentes a través de Google Forms. Los resultados indicaron carencias en la aplicación de estrategias pedagógicas y en la participación estudiantil, aunque se destacaron el fomento de la autonomía y la adecuada asignación de tiempo para actividades educativas. Se concluyó que invertir en desarrollo profesional docente y promover un enfoque centrado en el estudiante son fundamentales para garantizar una educación de calidad y preparar a los estudiantes para los desafíos contemporáneos.
Factores predominantes de la deserción escolar en estudiantes de educación básica regular en Latinoamérica
Authors: Buiza Chuquitaype Luz Gloria , Gutiérrez Beltrán Alfonso
Published: April 2024

Este artículo muestra uno de los poderosos problemas sociales llamado la deserción escolar, por ello se trató el valor del laburo educativo; el objetivo fue identificar los aspectos teóricos, metódicos y los factores predominantes que provocan la deserción escolar en Latinoamérica. La metodología aplicada es no experimental, descriptiva, fundada en el análisis teórico y bibliográfico, acudiendo a diversas fuentes como Scopus, EBSCO, ProQuest, Scielo, Google Académico, entre otros, clasificando investigaciones nacionales e internacionales con plazo de publicación hasta el 2022, en dos idiomas. En la búsqueda documental se utilizaron palabras claves para facilitar el procedimiento de identificación, selección e inclusión de las investigaciones, la cual se desarrolló en 2 meses. La revisión bibliográfica permitió detectar un común denominador el factor económico como el fundamental motivo de la deserción escolar debido a la ausencia de trabajo de los progenitores, concluyendo que se fuerza así a muchos alumnos abandonar el colegio, creando como efecto el incremento de índice de trabajo infantil.
A study on electronic evidence collection methods in foreign countries and methods for granting evidence
Authors:   The Korean Association of Criminal Procedure Law, SEO WONIK
Published: April 2024

In order for investigative agencies to acquire electronic evidence located in a foreign country, mutual legal assistance based on the International Criminal Justice Mutual Aid Act and Interpol Collaboration are used. In some investigations, legally obtained user account information is used to access overseas servers. The international community has already implemented the European Convention on Cybercrimey, which enables prompt preservation, provision, and submission of digital information for ISPs located in each jurisdiction through cooperation between the central authorities, so orders are also issued to ISPs under direct foreign jurisdiction. The system is being improved in such a way that this way is possible, and the same procedure is reflected in the administrative agreement based on the CLOUD Act and the European Electronic Evidence Regulation. However, Korea has not signed such a treaty or agreement.
For foreign electronic evidence collected using these means, there is a possibility that the collection procedure of the requested country may violate the domestic law of the requesting country due to the different procedural laws between each country. In such a case, whether the content or degree of the violation violated the actual content of due process and whether the exclusion of evidence is in accordance with the constitutional idea and the criminal procedure law procedure for the realization of criminal justice can be judged individually. However, it is not reasonable to deny the admissibility of evidence based on a simple violation of the procedure on the basis of trust or reciprocity among judicial institutions in the international community.
On the other hand, non-statement digital evidence is not the truth of the content, but the existence of textual information of the same content itself as evidence. Therefore, it is reasonable to regard such evidence as evidence and not to apply the hearsay rule. Even declarative digital evidence can correspond to business records, and it is possible to confirm and verify the circumstantial guarantee of trustworthiness from foreign institutions in the future. In the end, even for electronic evidence collected in foreign countries through cooperation or cooperation in investigations, it seems necessary to establish a separate exception to the recognition of Probative Force.
Institutional Curiosity
Authors:   University of Pretoria, O'Connell Siona , Pirk Christian , de Beer Stephan , Hugo Jannie , Thuynsma Heather , Mahommed-Asmail Faheema , Eccles Renata , Wielenga Cori , Jeenah Aqil , Broodryk Chris , Walwyn David , Ayob-Essop Sameera , Mampane Ruth , Carrim Nasima
Published: April 2024

This is the first collection of writing by various academics from the University of Pretoria about reimagining the University and how it may look in the future. Re-imaging the institution requires novel ways of thinking and engaging in debates about change, continuity, knowledge and excellence. These opinion pieces, thoughts and reflections about the University were shared by staff members and other collections will be published as contributions are received.
La integración sobre un conjunto semianalítico
Authors:   , Herrera Miguel
Published: April 2024

Sea M un conjunto analítico complejo de una variedad analítica compleja X. Supongamos que la dimensión (compleja) de M es p; sea M* la variedad de los puntos regulares de dimensión p de M. Según un resultado de P. Le long (17), existe una corriente o-continua sobre X que coincide, sobre M*, con la integración sobre la variedad M* orientada canónicamente. El propósito principal del presente trabajo es extender este resultado al caso en que M es un conjunto semianalitico de dimensión p de una variedad analítica real X. Como la parte regular M* de M no es orientable en general, o si lo es, no es orientable canónicamente, resulta conveniente introducir la homología de M .
Critical Terrorism Studies: A Brief Overview
Authors: Islam Md Didarul
Published: April 2024

This article focuses on the general understanding and stand points of the Critical Terrorism School which emerged with a view to understanding terrorism from a different perspective partially denying the traditional concepts and explanations of the Orthodox Terrorism Schools. This article attempts to critically examine the arguments of the Critical Terrorism Schools and the feasibility of their key arguments. In addition, a key discussion has focused on the debate whether state should be categorised as terrorist. In this article, it has been argued that state should not be categorised as terrorist and crimes committed by states should be studied as state violence. But this study corresponds to the position of the school to discuss terrorism from a critical lens. Finally, a set of interventions have been proposed for bridging the gaps between the Orthodox and Critical Terrorism Schools.
EFFECT OF NOZZLE ANGLE OF PLANT PROTECTION UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE ON DROPLET DEPOSITION DISTRIBUTION
Authors: BIAN Zhihao , LAN Yubin , WANG Meng , SHAN Changfeng , GU Haozheng , HAN Jingang
Published: April 2024

During the field application of pesticides by plant protection UAV, due to the interference of meteorological factors or operating parameters, the deposition effect of droplets is poor. In order to explore the impact of the nozzle angle of plant protection UAV on droplet deposition distribution, this article is based on field experiments and collects data on different flight speeds (1, 3, 5 m/s) and nozzle angles (±60°, ±45°, ±30°, 0°), and performs variance analysis and regression analysis on the test results. The results showed that adjusting the nozzle angle had a significant effect on the amount of droplet deposition and deposition uniformity. Compared with 0°, the nozzle angle of -30° increased the amount of deposition by 76.94% and 61.04% at flight speeds of 1.2 m/s and 3 m/s, respectively. The flight speed had a significant effect on the amount of droplet deposition, and the increase in flight speed decreased the amount of droplet deposition by 55.97%-77.06% and had no significant effect on the uniformity of droplet deposition. This study provides a reference for improving the droplet deposition effect of plant protection UAV field pesticide application operations.
Entre o Local e o Global
Authors: Silva Gustavo Schünemann Christófaro
Published: April 2024

A presente pesquisa de doutorado teve como objetivo investigar a formação do Curso Superior de Licenciatura em Animação Turística da ESHTI, com um foco na organização de seus elementos curriculares. Para isso, buscou-se identificar e compreender a estrutura dos conhecimentos curriculares que compõem a formação, analisando a participação dos atores envolvidos na elaboração do currículo e as dinâmicas de poder que influenciam as decisões curriculares. Além disso, a pesquisa procurou compreender como o currículo se relaciona com as necessidades sociopolíticas e econômicas do contexto em que está inserido. A metodologia adotada incluiu pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo. A pesquisa bibliográfica envolveu a revisão de estudos relacionados a temas como currículo, (de)colonialidade, pós-colonialismo, estudos africanos e formação profissional em lazer e turismo. A pesquisa documental focou em documentos como o Quadro Curricular para a Graduação da UEM, a matriz curricular dos cursos oferecidos pela ESHTI, o regulamento interno da instituição e seu relatório de atividades financeiras. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada na ESHTI, na cidade de Inhambane, Moçambique, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores da instituição. As conclusões destacam que, embora a região de Inhambane tenha um grande potencial turístico global, a formação em animação turística na ESHTI enfrenta desafios. Há uma aparente dicotomia entre teoria e prática na abordagem da instituição, e uma forte ênfase na demanda do mercado pode limitar o desenvolvimento de habilidades mais amplas nos estudantes. Além disso, a pesquisa revela preocupações como a sub-representação de mulheres no corpo docente, a influência do colonialismo nas estruturas educacionais e de poder, e a dependência de currículos de outras instituições. Essas questões apontam para a necessidade de repensar a formação em animação turística, promovendo uma abordagem mais inclusiva e culturalmente sensível. A pesquisa também destaca a importância de repensar o currículo escolar, questionando a hegemonia do conhecimento eurocêntrico e promovendo práticas pedagógicas que levem em consideração a diversidade cultural e a interculturalidade. Ademais, propõe uma abordagem curricular que valorize os conhecimentos locais e desafie as estruturas coloniais de poder e conhecimento.
Environmental Awareness: Issues of Taoyuan Natural Gas Energy Station and Algal Reef Ecology
Authors: Hou Po-Lun , Hou Pin-Xuan , Guo Ke-Shan , Chen Chen-Hui
Published: April 2024

The conflict between energy and ecological issues in Taiwan was explored to find how the coexistence relationship among humans, ecology, and energy could be obtained. To raise more awareness of ecological issues, public furniture was chosen as a medium to review this concept. We took Taoyuan's algal reefs and a natural gas receiving station as representatives of ecological issues and researched the balanced relationship between humans, ecology, and energy. Through a questionnaire survey, the respondents' evaluation of using public furniture for environmental protection was investigated. The results showed that the public understood environmental advocacy and ecological issues, which showed the increasing society's attention to these matters.
Perbandingan antara Skor ALBI, Child-Pugh, dan MELD dalam Memrediksi Kejadian Post Hepatectomy Liver Failure pada Pasien Karsinoma Hepato-seluler di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado
Authors: Martino Celine , Tendean Michael , Mambu Toar D. B. , Langi Fredrik G.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for nearly 90% of hepatic malignancies. ALBI (Albumin-Bilirubin), Child-Pugh, and MELD (Model for End-stage Liver Disease) scores can predict the incidence of Post Hepatectomy Liver Failure (PHLF) in patients undergoing liver resection. This study aimed to obtain the comparison of ALBI, Child-Pugh, and MELD scores in predicting the incidence of PHLF in patients undergoing liver resection. This was a descriptive and retrospective study using medical records of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, from 2019 to early 2022. The results obtained 54 patients who had undergone liver resection. The Child Pugh, ALBI, and MELD scores had similar ability in predicting the prognosis of PHLF. The MELD score had the sensitivity dan specifity of 64% and 81%, and the accuracy of 78% meanwhile the ALBI dan Child-Pugh scores had sensitivity less than 50%. In conclusion, compared with the ALBI and Child Pugh scores, the MELD score has higher sensitivity.
Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma; ALBI score; Child-Pugh score; MELD score; post hepatectomy liver failure
 
Abstrak: Karsinoma hepatoseluler (HCC) menyumbang hampir 90% kasus keganasan pada hepar. Skor ALBI, Child-Pugh dan MELD (Model for End-stage Liver Disease) dapat memrediksi kejadian post hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) pada pasien yang menjalani reseksi hepar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan skor ALBI, Child-Pugh dan MELD dalam memrediksi kejadian PHLF pada pasien yang menjalani reseksi hepar. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medis di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dari tahun 2019 sampai awal tahun 2022. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 54 pasien yang telah menjalani reseksi hati. Skoring Child-Pugh, ALBI dan MELD memiliki kemampuan serupa dalam menentukan prognosis PHLF. Skor  MELD menunjukkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas berturut-turut sebesar 64% dan 81%, dengan akurasi 78% sedangkan skor ALBI dan Child-Pugh memiliki sensitivitas di bawah 50%. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah dibandingkan dengan skor ALBI dan Child-Pugh, skor MELD memiliki sensitivitas lebih tinggi dalam memrediksi kejadian PHLF.
Kata kunci: karsinoma hepatoseluler; skor ALBI; skor Child-Pugh; skor MELD; post hepatectomy liver failure
Evaluating plasma fluctuation by collisional-radiative model using Malliavin derivative
Authors: Shimada Yosuke , Akatsuka Hiroshi
Published: April 2024

Non-equilibrium plasma has garnered significant attention due to its involvement in short-term phenomena. One example is plasma fluctuation, encompassing variations in electron temperature or density. This phenomenon is explored not only in nuclear fusion but also in semiconductor etching and thin film deposition. This study introduces an evaluation method employing Malliavin derivatives to predict plasma fluctuations based on a collisional-radiative model. This model delineates the chemical kinetics of excited states within the plasma. Given that electron impact excitation and atomic collisional processes are stochastic, they exhibit characteristics similar to a Wiener process. Furthermore, the properties of fractional Brownian motion are applied to the Malliavin derivative. The revised Wiener process is utilized to analyze the changes in excited-level populations within short durations. This approach assesses electron or atomic density fluctuations by considering the contributions of electron collisions and those of ground-state atoms.