bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Volumetric analysis after caries excavation with caries detecting dyes and chemomechanical caries removal agents using 3D scanner-a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Bastia Roja , Govind Shashirekha , Assiry Ali A. , Alessa Noura Abdulaziz , Kader Mohammed Abdul , Adil Adbul Habeeb , Karobari Mohmed Isaqali
Published: February 2024

Aim

This research aimed to use an extra-oral 3D scanner for conducting volumetric analysis after caries excavation using caries-detecting dyes and chemomechanical caries removal agents in individuals with occlusal and proximal carious lesions.

Methods

Patients with occlusal (A1, A2, A3) and proximal carious lesions (B1, B2, B3) were treated with the conventional rotary technique, caries detecting dyes (CDD) and chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) method on 90 teeth (n = 45 for each). Group A1, B1: Excavation was performed using diamond points. Group A2, B2: CDD (Sable Seek™ caries indicator, Ultradent) was applied and left for 10 s, and then the cavity was rinsed and dried. For caries removal, diamond points or excavators were used. Group A3 and B3: BRIX3000 papain gel was applied with a micro-brush for 20 s and was activated for 2 min, and then the carious tissue was removed with a sharp spoon excavator. Post-excavation cavity volume analysis was performed using a 3D scanner. The time required and the verbal pain score (VPS) for pain were scored during excavation. Post-restoration evaluation was performed at 1, 3, and 6 months FDI (Federation Dentaire Internationale) criteria.

Results

Comparison of age, time and volume with study groups were made using Independent Sample’ t’ test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for two and more than two groups, respectively. Using Cohen’s Kappa Statistics, evaluators 1 and 2 agreed on caries removal status aesthetic, functional and biological properties at different follow-ups. The chi-square test revealed that the rotary groups [A1(2.5 ± 0.4 min) B1(4.0 ± 0.4 min)] had significantly less (p = 0.000) mean procedural time than CDD [A2(4.5 ± 0.4 min) B2(5.7 ± 0.4 min)] and CMCR [A3(5.4 ± 0.7 min) B3(6.2 ± 0.6 min)] groups. The CMCR group showed better patient acceptance and less pain during caries excavation than the rotary and CDD groups. CMCR group showed significantly less mean caries excavated volume(p = 0.000). Evaluation of restoration after 1-, 3-, and 6-month intervals was acceptable for all the groups.

Conclusion

Brix3000 helps effectively remove denatured teeth with less pain or sensitivity. The time required for caries removal was lowest in the rotary method and highest in the brix3000 group, while the volume of caries removed was the lowest for brix3000 and highest for the rotary group.
A cross-sectional survey on the relationship between workplace psychological violence and empathy among Chinese nurses: the mediation role of resilience
Authors: Li Li , Liao Xiaoli , Ni Juan
Published: February 2024

Background

Workplace violence is one of the most serious public health issues worldwide in healthcare occupations, nurse is a profession which faces the greatest risk of exposure to workplace violence among healthcare occupations.

Objective

The present study aimed to explore the relationship between workplace psychological violence and empathy among Chinese nurses, and further examine the mediation role of resilience in this relationship.

Method

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among a convenience sample of clinical registered nurses in Xinjiang China from 29 September 2023 to 19 October 2023.The online questionnaire, contained the general information form, the Workplace Psychologically Violent Behaviors Instrument, the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Healthcare Professionals Version, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, was used to collect data. The IBM SPSS statistics software version 22.0 was used to perform data analyses in forms of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and mediation analysis.

Result

This survey recruited a convenience sample of 1613 clinical registered nurses aged 22 to 55 years who come from diverse ethnicities and worked in different departments. A total of 534 nurse experienced psychological violent, which yielded a positive rate of 33.1% for psychological violent among nurses. Pearson analysis reported a negative correlation between psychological violences and empathy (r=-0.724, P < 0.01) as well as a negative correlation between psychological violences and resilience (r=-0.681, P < 0.01). Mediation analysis reported that resilience mediated the negative relationship between psychological violence and empathy, the mediation effect accounted for ab/(ab + c’) = 23.40% of the total effect.

Conclusion

This study supported an inverse ralationship between psychological violence and empathy among Chinese nurses where resilience acted as a protective factor to mediated the negative impacts of psychological violences on empathy These results directed health policies and clinical interventions to equip nurses with resilience to copy with and recover from workplace psychological violence.
Implementation of community health care services to counter the SARS-CoV2 pandemic
Authors: De Luca Assunta , Provvidenti Luca , Muselli Mario , Di Gianfilippo Giacinto , Angelucci Massimiliano , Totaro Michele Ciro , Pitorri Mauro , Marcelli Marzia , D’Innocenzo Marinella , Scatigna Maria , Mastrantonio Riccardo , Necozione Stefano , Fabiani Leila
Published: February 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has ravaged many countries worldwide since December 2019. The high infection rates, and the need for health care assistance for individuals with comorbidities, strained the national health care systems around the world. Outbreak peaks increased the burden on hospitals that where perceived as high-risk places by people, who often decided to cancel or defer hospital visits. Thus, Italian Local Health Authorities had to develop new organizational models to meet the increased health care needs of the population. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of strengthened community health services on the hospital burden.

Methods

We analysed the number of Emergency Department access at the Hospital De Lellis covered by the Local Health Authority in Rieti, from March 2020 to November 2021. We then assessed the effects of community health services: the Special District Continuing Care Units (SDCUs) and the the COVID hub, on the COVID-19-related ED access, admission and mortality rates. A Chi-squared test for trend and three multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the trends and the possible predictors of COVID ED access, COVID hospital admissions, and deaths.

Results

Being male (OR = 1.41, CI95% 1.05–1.90; p = 0.022) and older age (OR = 1.03, CI95% 1.02–1.04; p < 0.0001) increase the likelihood of hospitalisation for Sars-CoV-2. The implementation of the nursing and medical SDCUs contributed to reducing COVID-19-related deaths (OR = 0.09, CI95% 0.03–0.29; p < 0.0001). The simultaneous implementation of the COVID hub and of the nursing SDCUs had a synergistic effect in reducing the likelihood of hospitalisation (OR = 0.24, CI95% 0.09–0.65; p = 0.005). The subsequent implementation of the medical SDCUS has further contributed to lowering the admission rates. These protective effects persisted also after potential cofounders, such as age, sex, clinical condition on admission, and the immunisation status, were adjusted.

Conclusions

These measures have helped in the management of patients in a complex context such as that of a pandemic by reducing the hospital load and playing an important role in the management of the pandemic. Further studies could assess the transferability of this model in a non-pandemic context.
The impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on the clinical profile, myocardial fibrosis, and prognosis in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Li Yangjie , Xian Hong , Xu Yuanwei , Li Weihao , Guo Jiajun , Wan Ke , Wang Jie , Xu Ziqian , Zhang Qing , Han Yuchi , Sun Jiayu , Chen Yucheng
Published: February 2024

Background

The impact of the coexistence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) on clinical profiles, myocardial fibrosis, and outcomes remain incompletely understood.

Method

A total of 1152 patients diagnosed with non-ischemic DCM were prospectively enrolled from June 2012 to October 2021 and categorized into T2DM and non-T2DM groups. Clinical characteristics, cardiac function, and myocardial fibrosis evaluated by CMR were compared between the two groups. The primary endpoint included both all-cause mortality and heart transplantation. Cause of mortality was classified into heart failure death, sudden cardiac death, and non-cardiac death. Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis were performed to identify the association between T2DM and clinical outcomes. Propensity score matching (PSM) cohort including 438 patients was analyzed to reduce the bias from confounding covariates.

Results

Among the 1152 included DCM patients, 155 (13%) patients had T2DM. Patients with T2DM were older (55 ± 12 vs. 47 ± 14 years, P < 0.001), had higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class (P = 0.003), higher prevalence of hypertension (37% vs. 21%, P < 0.001), atrial fibrillation (31% vs. 16%, P < 0.001), lower left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) (23 ± 9% vs. 27 ± 12%, P < 0.001), higher late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) presence (55% vs. 45%, P = 0.02), and significantly elevated native T1 (1323 ± 81ms vs. 1305 ± 73ms, P = 0.01) and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) (32.7 ± 6.3% vs. 31.3 ± 5.9%, P = 0.01) values. After a median follow-up of 38 months (interquartile range: 20–57 months), 239 patients reached primary endpoint. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with T2DM had worse clinical outcomes compared with those without T2DM in the overall cohort (annual events rate: 10.2% vs. 5.7%, P < 0.001). T2DM was independently associated with an increased risk of primary endpoint in the overall (Hazard ratio [HR]: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.13–2.33, P = 0.01) and PSM (HR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.05–2.24, P = 0.02) cohorts. Furthermore, T2DM was associated with a higher risk of heart failure death (P = 0.006) and non-cardiac death (P = 0.02), but not sudden cardiac death (P = 0.16).

Conclusions

Patients with T2DM represented a more severe clinical profile and experienced more adverse outcomes compared to those without T2DM in a large DCM cohort.

Trial registration

Trial registration number: ChiCTR1800017058; URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Diagnostic strategy of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for gram negative bacteria in respiratory infections
Authors: Liang Wenyan , Zhang Qun , Qian Qian , Wang Mingyue , Ding Yuchen , Zhou Ji , Zhu Yi , Jin Yu , Chen Xuesong , Kong Hui , Song Wei , Lu Xin , Wu Xiaodong , Xu Xiaoyong , Dai Shanling , Sun Wenkui
Published: February 2024

Objective

This study aims to identify the most effective diagnostic method for distinguishing pathogenic and non-pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in suspected pneumonia cases using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples.

Methods

The effectiveness of mNGS was assessed on BALF samples collected from 583 patients, and the results were compared with those from microbiological culture and final clinical diagnosis. Three interpretational approaches were evaluated for diagnostic accuracy.

Results

mNGS outperformed culture significantly. Among the interpretational approaches, Clinical Interpretation (CI) demonstrated the best diagnostic performance with a sensitivity of 87.3%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 98.3%. CI’s specificity was significantly higher than Simple Interpretation (SI) at 37.9%. Additionally, CI excluded some microorganisms identified as putative pathogens by SI, including Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Haemophilus parahaemolyticus, and Klebsiella aerogenes.

Conclusion

Proper interpretation of mNGS data is crucial for accurately diagnosing respiratory infections caused by GNB. CI is recommended for this purpose.
Outpatient hysteroscopy impact on subsequent assisted reproductive technology: a systematic review and meta-analysis in patients with normal transvaginal sonography or hysterosalpingography images
Authors: Hou Jung-Hsiu , Lu Buo-Jia , Huang Ya-Li , Chen Chih-Heng , Chen Chi-Huang
Published: February 2024

Background

Standard management for intrauterine lesions typically involves initial imaging followed by operative hysteroscopy for suspicious findings. However, the efficacy of routine outpatient hysteroscopy in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) remains uncertain due to a lack of decisive high-quality evidence. This study aimed to determine whether outpatient hysteroscopy is beneficial for infertile women who have unremarkable imaging results prior to undergoing ART.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines, incorporating data up to May 31, 2023, from databases such as PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. The primary outcome assessed was the live birth rate, with secondary outcomes including chemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy rates, and miscarriage rates. Statistical analysis involved calculating risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals and assessing heterogeneity with the I2 statistic.

Results

The analysis included ten randomized control trials. Receiving outpatient hysteroscopy before undergoing ART was associated with increased live birth (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.03–1.45, I2 61%) and clinical pregnancy rate (RR 1.27 95% CI 1.10–1.47, I2 53%). Miscarriage rates did not differ significantly (RR 1.25, CI 0.90–1.76, I2 50%). Subgroup analyses did not show a significant difference in clinical pregnancy rates when comparing normal versus abnormal hysteroscopic findings (RR 1.01, CI 0.78–1.32, I2 38%). We analyzed data using both intention-to-treat and per-protocol approaches, and our findings were consistent across both analytical methods.

Conclusions

Office hysteroscopy may enhance live birth and clinical pregnancy rates in infertile women undergoing ART, even when previous imaging studies show no apparent intrauterine lesions. Treating lesions not detected by imaging may improve ART outcomes. The most commonly missed lesions are endometrial polyps, submucosal fibroids and endometritis, which are all known to affect ART success rates. The findings suggested that hysteroscopy, given its diagnostic accuracy and patient tolerability, should be considered in the management of infertility.

Database registration

The study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systemic Review database (CRD42023476403).
Acceptability to donate human milk among postnatal mothers at St. Francis hospital Nsambya, Uganda: a mixed method study
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed A. M. , Namisi Charles Patrick , Kirabira Nakibuuka Victoria , Lwetabe Micheal Webba , Rujumba Joseph
Published: February 2024

Background

The World Health Organization recommends the use of donated human milk (HM) as the second-best option for mothers who are temporarily unable to provide sufficient breast milk to meet the needs of their infants. However, HM donation is yet to become an accepted practice in Uganda. We assessed the level of, and factors associated with acceptability to donate HM among postnatal mothers at St. Francis Hospital Nsambya (SFHN).

Methods

A cross-sectional sequential explanatory mixed method study was conducted between October 2018 and March 2019. A questionnaire on sociodemography, awareness and likely acceptability to donate HM was administered to 410 postnatal mothers at SFHN. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was undertaken to determine factors associated with acceptance of HM donation. Focus Group Discussions (4) and Key Informants Interviews (4) were used to explore factors influencing behaviours to donate human milk. Qualitative data were analysed using a content thematic approach.

Results

Overall acceptance of donating the HM was 77.6%, and the significant factors were: willingness to express the HM (AOR 7.5; 95% CI 3.01, 18.68); wet-nursing knowledge (AOR 2.3; 95% CI 1.1, 5.0) and visit to under-5 years’ clinic (AOR 21.3; 95% CI 2.3, 196.9). The major themes in relation to accepting to donate HM were wet nursing experience, and confidence in donating the HM, and its perceived effectiveness. There were concerns about the safety and adequacy of HM and fear of transmitting criminal behaviours and mental illness through human milk.

Conclusions

Acceptance to donate HM among postnatal mothers at St. Francis Hospital Nsambya was very high. Willingness to express and store human milk, prior knowledge about wet nursing and a visit to an under-five outpatient clinic were associated with acceptance. Thus, establishing a human milk bank is feasible in the study setting.
Factors influencing health-related quality of life among long-term care residents experiencing pain: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Shrestha Shovana , Cummings Greta , Knopp-Sihota Jennifer , Devkota Rashmi , Hoben Matthias
Published: February 2024

Background

Pain is highly burdensome, affecting over 30% of long-term care (LTC) residents. Pain significantly reduces residents’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL), limits their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs), restricts their social activities, and can lead to hopelessness, depression, and unnecessary healthcare costs. Although pain can generally be prevented or treated, eliminating pain may not always be possible, especially when residents have multiple chronic conditions. Therefore, improving the HRQoL of LTC residents with pain is a priority goal. Understanding factors influencing HRQoL of LTC residents with pain is imperative to designing and evaluating targeted interventions that complement pain management to improve residents’ HRQoL. However, these factors are poorly understood, and we lack syntheses of available research on this topic. This systematic review protocol outlines the methods to identify, synthesize, and evaluate the available evidence on these factors.

Methods

This mixed methods review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We will systematically search Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and ProQuest Dissertation and Thesis Global from database inception. We will include primary studies and systematically conducted reviews without restrictions to language, publication date, and study design. We will also include gray literature (dissertation and reports) and search relevant reviews and reference lists of all included studies. Two reviewers will independently screen articles, conduct quality appraisal, and extract data. We will synthesize results thematically and conduct meta-analyses if statistical pooling is possible. Residents and family/friend caregivers will assist with interpreting the findings.

Discussion

This proposed systematic review will address an important knowledge gap related to the available evidence on factors influencing HRQoL of LTC residents with pain. Findings will be crucial for researchers, LTC administrators, and policy makers in uncovering research needs and in planning, developing, and evaluating strategies in addition to and complementary with pain management to help improve HRQoL among LTC residents with pain.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42023405425
Serum Elabela expression is decreased in hypertensive patients and could be associated with the progression of hypertensive renal damage
Authors: Tian Geng , Zheng Qian , Zhang Qingru , Liu Xiaoyu , Lu Xuehong
Published: February 2024

Background

Elabela, a recently discovered hormonal peptide containing 32 amino acids, is a ligand for the apelin receptor. It can lower blood pressure and attenuate renal fibrosis. However, the clinicopathological relationship between Elabela level and renal damage caused by benign hypertension (BHT) and malignant hypertension (MHT) has not been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the clinicopathological correlation between serum Elabela level and renal damage caused by BHT and MHT.

Methods

The participants comprised 50 patients and 25 age-matched healthy adults. The 50 patients were separated into two groups: MHT (n = 25) and BHT groups (n = 25). We analyzed their medical histories, demographics, and clinical examinations, including physical and laboratory tests.

Results

The results showed that serum Elabela level decreased gradually with a continuous increase in blood pressure from the healthy control group, BHT, to MHT. Moreover, Elabela levels negatively correlated with BMI (R =  − 0.27, P = 0.02), SBP (r =  − 0.64, P < 0.01), DBP (r =  − 0.58, P < 0.01), uric acid (r =  − 0.39, P < 0.01), bun (r =  − 0.53, P < 0.01), and Scr (r =  − 0.53 P < 0.01) but positively correlated with eGFR (r = 0.54, P < 0.01). Stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis showed that SBP was the variable most related to Elabela (t =  − 5.592, P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Serum Elabela levels decreased in patients with hypertension, especially malignant hypertension, and has the potential to be a marker of hypertension-related kidney damage.
Dietary supplement use among lactating mothers following different dietary patterns – an online survey
Authors: Delgas Franziska , Bitsch Lisa , König Laura Maria , Beitze Damaris Elisabeth , Scherbaum Veronika , Podszun Maren C.
Published: February 2024

Background

Breastfeeding is important for the healthy growth and development of newborns, and the nutrient composition of human milk can be affected by maternal nutrition and supplementation. In Germany, iodine supplementation is recommended for all lactating mothers, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation is recommended for mothers with inadequate or no fish intake. Vitamin B12 supplementation is required for strict vegans during lactation, and other nutrient supplementation may be necessary depending on the individual's nutritional status. To address the lack of data on dietary supplements used by lactating mothers following a vegetarian or vegan diet, an online survey was conducted in Germany, with a focus on iodine, DHA, and vitamin B12.

Methods

Study participants were asked to report whether they followed specific dietary patterns (omnivorous [OM], vegetarian [VT], vegan [VN]) as well as their use of dietary supplements. Relationships between diets and supplement use were analyzed using chi-square tests.

Results

2054 lactating women were included (1240 OM, 410 VT, and 404 VN) in this analysis. Within OM, VT and VN, at least one dietary supplement was taken by 67.3%, 84.9% and 98.0% respectively (p < 0.001). Overall, 53.2% OM, 66.8% VT, 88.4% VN reported taking at least one supplement containing iodine (p < 0.001). 54.6% OM, 61.7% VT and 58.2% VN reported supplements containing vitamin B12, while 34.1% OM, 40.2% VT and 38.6% VN mentioned supplements containing DHA (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

More than half of the participants reported the use of supplements during lactation with the highest proportion in vegans. However, over one third of the mothers did not report supplementing with iodine, regardless of their dietary pattern and most participants also did not report DHA supplements. It is worrisome that a high number of vegans did not report vitamin B12 supplementation, but this could be partly due to issues with reporting. It is crucial to provide further education to breastfeeding mothers about the importance of taking micronutrient supplements, especially for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet. This will help ensure that mothers and their breastfed infants receive optimal nutrition for a healthy development.
Association between dietary carotenoid intakes and abdominal aortic calcification in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2014
Authors: Chen Weidong , Li Yuanqing , Li Min , Li Hai , Chen Caifang , Lin Yanzhao
Published: February 2024

Objective

Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is an important marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular disease. This study aims to explore the association between carotenoid intakes and AAC.

Methods

We included 2889 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary carotenoid intakes were obtained through 24-h dietary recall interviews. Severe AAC was defined as a Kauppila score > 5. The main analysis utilizes logistic and restricted cubic spline models.

Result

Severe AAC was detected in 378 (13.08%) participants. In fully adjusted models, the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein with zeaxanthin and total carotenoid intakes for individuals with severe AAC were 0.53 (0.23–0.77), 0.39 (0.19–0.80), 0.18 (0.05–0.62), 0.40 (0.20–0.78), 0.53 (0.32–0.88) and 0.38 (0.18–0.77) in the highest versus lowest quartile intake, respectively. Dose–response analyses revealed that all of the carotenoids were associated with decreased risk of severe AAC in a nonlinear trend. Total carotenoid intakes of at least 100ug/kg/day were associated with decreased odds for severe AAC.

Conclusion

α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein with zeaxanthin and total carotenoids were inversely associated with the risk of severe AAC in adults.
Characteristics and genesis of the Zhongnan Fault Zone in the South China Sea oceanic basin: Insights from an integrated analysis of multibeam bathymetric and 2D multichannel seismic data
Authors: Zou Song , Zhong Guangfa , Zhang Baojin , Geng Minghui , Wang Lijie , Zhang Ruwei
Published: February 2024

The Zhongnan Fault Zone (ZFZ) is a large-scale tectonic belt in the South China Sea (SCS) oceanic basin and plays an important role in the formation and evolution of the basin. Despite numerous studies over the past few decades, debates persist regarding its location, orientation, nature, time of activity, and genesis. In this study, we evaluate our findings on the characteristics and origin of the fault zone through an integrated analysis of multibeam bathymetric and 2D multichannel seismic data. Our results reveal the ZFZ as a fault zone approximately 400 km long and 50–90 km wide, situated between the east subbasin (ESB) and southwest subbasin (SWSB) of the SCS. The fault zone is oriented N8°W, roughly perpendicular to and laterally displacing the relict spreading center and related spreading lineaments. Bounded by discontinuous linear seamounts, the fault zone comprises two V-shaped subparallel pull-apart basins and a separating basement high. Steeply dipping (>60°) normal basement-involved faults bound these pull-apart basins, forming typical negative flower structures. Numerous northeast-oriented en-echelon linear bathymetric highs within the fault zone are identified as secondary antithetic shears (P′ shears). These shears are characterized by their orientation relative to the principal displacement zones defined along the pull-apart basins. The ZFZ exhibits differences from the adjacent subbasins in water depth, basement burial, stratal thickness, and seismic stratigraphic characteristics. Five seismic sequences (S1–S5 upward) in the ZFZ and nearby ESB and SWSB are defined, dating to the Early Miocene synspreading (S1) and the Middle Miocene to Recent postspreading (S2–S5) stages, respectively. The difficulty in correlating seismic facies in sequences S1–S3, compared with the comparable seismic facies in sequences S4–S5 between the ZFZ and adjacent subbasins, suggests a horizontal displacement during the synspreading and early postspreading stages. We propose that the ZFZ functioned as a right-lateral transform fault zone during the synspreading period (the Early Miocene, approximately 24–16 Ma) of the SWSB and transitioned into a left-lateral strike-slip fault zone during the successive early postspreading period (the Middle-Late Miocene, approximately 16–5.3 Ma).
A Swamp in Name Only: Imagined Geography, Abandonment, and the Archive in W. E. B. Du Bois's The Quest of the Silver Fleece
Authors: Callahan Clare
Published: February 2024

This article illustrates how Black literary production in the Jim Crow era grappled with the necessity of seeking representation shaped by a historically dispossessory archive. In The Quest of the Silver Fleece (1911) the reinvention of swampland by an abandoned Black woman into a farmable and habitable settlement constitutes a form of recovery that would secure representation for Black tenant farmers. At the same time, the article argues, this act of recovery, much like the multigeneric and multivocal form of the novel itself, ultimately exceeds the forms of representation that, for W. E. B. Du Bois, both make Black subjectivity possible and seek to regulate it.
9.R.5. Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2007) Drower's Folk-Tales of Iraq
Authors: Annus Amar
Published: February 2024

Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2007) Drower's Folk-Tales of Iraq. Piscataway: Gorgias Press. XXIV, 485 p. ISBN 978-1-59333-360-7.
10.R.5. Lowenstam, Steven (2008) As witnessed by images: the Trojan war tradition in Greek and Etruscan art
Authors: Steinrück Martin
Published: February 2024

Lowenstam, Steven (2008) As witnessed by images: the Trojan war tradition in Greek and Etruscan art. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. XVI, 230 p. ISBN 978-0-8018-8775-8.
On this Side of the Frontier: Hegemony, Populism and Pluralism
Authors: Franzé Javier , Melo Julián
Published: February 2024

This paper poses the following questions: What is pluralistic hegemony? Which are its defining features? Can populism be seen to possess them? We draw on Laclau’s thought to examine whether antagonism and “the name of the leader” as an empty signifier are incompatible with pluralism. With reference to various different perspectives regarding the relationship between pluralism, hegemony and populism, we present our own particular understanding. Our conceptualization distances itself from the notion that pluralism involves an endless proliferation of difference and the agonistic view that seeks to sublimate antagonism, and also from Laclau’s “the name of the leader” as an archetypal signifier of populism. Rather than the political frontier being the antithesis of pluralism, we see it as its precondition, with the empty signifier not representing a problem in itself, except when its name is pre-given. We perceive pluralism as being open to contingency, as a logic of the production and flow of differences.
Theatrum criticum. Benito Jerónimo Feijoo, Pierre Bayle y las genealogías enciclopédicas del escepticísmo ilustrado
Authors: Traninger Anita
Published: February 2024

En este ensayo, me ocupo de la metáfora del teatro que no sólo aparece en el título del Teatro crítico universal (1726–1739) de Benito Jerónimo Feijoo, sino que también fue aducida por Pierre Bayle en su Projet et fragmens d’un dictionaire critique (1692). Como trataré de mostrar, la metáfora del teatro en sí misma debe ser cuestionada críticamente, porque vincula más y otras dimensiones semánticas de las que solemos asociar hoy en día. Es cierto que, a principios de la Edad Moderna, la metáfora del teatro podía emplearse y se empleaba en multitud de contextos y con fines muy diversos. Sin embargo, la combinación de teatro y error, tal y como se da tanto en Bayle como en Feijoo, merece un examen más detenido. Se muestra cómo el Theatrum vitae humanae (1565) de Theodor Zwinger, que es el texto en el que Bayle afirma basar su Dictionnaire, introduce una noción de teatro que no se centra en el escenario sino en el auditorio. Esto es significativo tanto para las estrategias de escritura de Bayle como para las de Feijoo, ya que apunta a la gestión de vastos cuerpos de conocimiento y, en última instancia, a la citacionalidad de ambos proyectos. Al mismo tiempo, sitúa al lector frente a la sabiduría tradicional y prepara así un espacio para el modo emergente de la crítica –por algunos caracterizado como escepticismo– que informa los proyectos de ambos autores.
La idea cosmopolita en el krausismo español y su influencia en el progreso de la sociedad española
Authors: Seco Martínez José María
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo se centra en la indagación histórica del cosmopolitismo en el pensamiento decimonónico español de origen krausista como precursor en nuestro país de la idea de ciudadanía global y gobernanza cosmopolita. Hay que decir que el pensamiento krausista español de finales del siglo XIX resultó crucial en el desarrollo de las ciencias sociales de nuestro país, interesándose por el derecho, la sociología, la psicología, la ciencia política y, sobre todo, la educación, al tiempo que también fue decisivo en la emergencia del primer feminismo español. El objetivo de este trabajo, por tanto, no ha sido otro que mostrar la importancia del hispanismo krausista en el desarrollo del cosmopolitismo, elucidando el alcance de su influencia en los más variados ámbitos de la vida de la época, lo que le confiere especificidad y una relevancia singular desde un punto de vista crítico e historiográfico. Los krausistas creían en una humanidad unificada, la educación integral y humanista y la participación ciudadana. Abogaban por una sociedad equitativa y justa, la descentralización del poder y la colaboración entre naciones. También promovían la tolerancia religiosa y el diálogo intercultural.
Institutional cosmopolitanism and cosmopolitanism of responsibility: spaces for human rights and duties
Authors: Ribas do Nascimento Valéria , Saldanha Jânia
Published: February 2024

The text provides two proposals: institutional cosmopolitanism and the cosmopolitanism of responsibility. The former, as the term suggests, relies on legal and political institutions to be maintained, but these institutions need to be restructured to meet the new demands of contemporary society. The cosmopolitanism of responsibility highlights the importance of effectively building duties and spaces for accountability for all national and international actors. As a result, proposals such as due diligence in the context of climate disasters or even structural violations of human rights are envisioned. Furthermore, the concept of accountability aligns with scholars of decolonial theories, in which racial and religious conflicts pos
Análisis del discurso feminista de Adelfa Calvo como comunicación persuasiva para denunciar la desigualdad de género en las actrices españolas en los Premios Goya
Authors: Meliveo-Nogues Paula , Cristófol-Rodríguez Carmen
Published: February 2024

Esta investigación trata de comprobar la hipótesis que se deriva del discurso de la actriz Adelfa Calvo por la igualdad al recoger el Premio Goya a Mejor Actriz de Reparto en 2018. También pretende reconocer otras de sus acciones feministas en el cine. El objetivo principal ha sido contextualizar su discurso probando que ha existido una a premiar actrices según la edad y la talla en la última década. Para comprobarla se ha analizado la muestra de actrices que recogen el galardón entre 2010 y 2020 analizando las variables mencionadas. La metodología utilizada ha combinado el análisis de contenido cualitativo y cuantitativo con entrevistas personales y el estudio de caso. Los resultados han demostrado que la hipótesis se cumple. La conclusión más reseñable ha sido la detección de la necesidad de una normativa que regule esta tendencia discriminatoria basada en la educación en la igualdad. Probar científicamente que el trabajo de las actrices en Premios Goya ha sido valorado influido por una tendencia al margen de criterios profesionales es la aportación de esta investigación. Al mismo tiempo que reconocer a Adelfa Calvo como referente de la industria cinematográfica en la lucha feminista por su mediática reivindicación.
Manual lymphatic drainage: the evidence behind the efficacy
Authors: Ramadan Francesca
Published: February 2024

Manual lymphatic drainage (MLD), a specific type of massage performed by specialists that aims to enhance the filling and emptying of lymph vessels, is often recommended as an essential part of a successful management strategy for lymphoedema. However, the literature on its efficacy is often contradictory, and its addition may not always be necessary. To ensure optimal understanding of practitioners and benefit to patients, Francesca Ramadan summarises the evidence-based advantages and limitations of MLD.
Incidental osteoarthritis: risk factors, prevalence and clinical evidence in rabbits
Authors: Bagha Fatima , Keeble Emma
Published: February 2024

Aim:

The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and level of clinically apparent disease associated with appendicular osteoarthritis in a population of rabbits under veterinary care.

Method:

Computed tomography reports of 311 rabbits taken for any reason over a 4-year period were evaluated for recorded evidence of appendicular osteoarthritis and the joint(s) affected. Risk factors including age, weight, body condition, breed, sex and neuter status were investigated. In rabbits with evidence of osteoarthritis, clinical notes were examined to evaluate if the condition was clinically apparent.

Findings:

Out of 311 computed tomography reports, 61 described evidence of osteoarthritis (19.6%). The most common joints affected were the elbow and stifle. No significant relationship between sex, body condition and neuter status in males and presence of osteoarthritis was found. A statistically significant relationship between greater age, greater weight and neuter status in females and the presence of osteoarthritis was found. Only 9 out of 61 (14.8%) of the rabbits with computed tomography evidence of osteoarthritis had clinical signs of osteoarthritis recorded in the clinical notes.

Conclusions:

Following the results of this study, it may be concluded that greater age and weight, as well as female neuter status, are related to increased risk of appendicular osteoarthritis in rabbits, but changes on imaging may relate poorly to clinically apparent disease.
An inspiring journey
Authors: von Hertzen Mikko
Published: February 2024

Rock musician Mikko von Hertzen speaks with Dental Nursing about his position as a psoriasis and oral health advocate.
A crucial determinant of health
Authors: Allen Kirstie
Published: February 2024

Kirstie Allen discusses children's dental care and the importance of an integrated and collaborative approach.

Aim

To discuss the relationship between dental health, social determinants of health and life outcomes for children and their families.

Objectives

To understand the variety of public services involved in promoting good dental health in children and families. To present the theory of the social determinants of health in the context of children's dental care and the impact this has across childhood and into adult life. To understand how these outcomes can be improved through early intervention. This article meets GDC development outcomes A, C and D.
A Review on the Recent Development on Polymer Nanocomposite for Energy Storage Application
Authors: Rajpoot Anmol , Banik Nibedita
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT: Since the demand for effective and sustainable energy solutions has been on the rise, the field of energy storage has made tremendous strides. Due to their special mix of features, polymer nanocomposites—materials made of polymers and nano-scale fillers have become intriguing materials for energy storage applications. The most current advancements in polymer nanocomposites for energy storage applications are presented in detail in this review study. The work starts with an overview of the fundamental ideas and difficulties surrounding energy storage, then it explores the synthesis and characterization methods employed to create polymer nanocomposites. The many types of nano-fillers used in polymer nanocomposites are then described, including conductive polymers, metal oxides, and carbon-based nano-materials. The main factors influencing how well polymer nanocomposites store energy, such as charge storage capability, conductivity, and cycle stability, are carefully explored. The paper also explores how polymer nanocomposites are used in flexible energy storage systems, lithium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors, among other types of energy storage technology. The impact of interface engineering, morphology, and nanofiller loading on the general effectiveness of polymer nanocomposites is underlined. Additionally, scalability, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact of polymer nanocomposites for energy storage applications are reviewed, along with their problems and potential for the future. A thorough grasp of the most recent developments in polymer nanocomposites for energy storage applications is the goal of this study, which will make it easier to design and create the next generation of energy storage devices with improved performance and sustainability.
Projectile Fragmentation Characteristics of the Events Produced from 84Kr+Emulsion Interaction at 1 a Gev
Authors: Kumari Babita , Singh Manoj Kumar
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT: Projectile fragmentation is a rather well-isolated phenomenon within the complex context of highly energetic heavy-ion collisions with a multibaryon system. The projectile fragmentation study reveals the characteristics of the particles release out from the projectile spectator region. The goal of present investigation is to study the emission possibility of single event, double events and triple events for the single charge, double charge and multiple charge projectile fragments. The observation show that the emission possibility of single, double and triple events is depending on the types of the projectile fragments.
Evaluation of Free Radical-Scavenging and Nitric Oxide Inhibition Activities of Selected Medicinal Plants
Authors: Reeta KM , Joshi Alpana
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT: The pharmaceutical industry is becoming dependent on plants with medicinal value because of their roles in the prevention and treatment of disease. Ten medicinal plant species namely Phyllanthus embelica, Mentha piperita, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Azadirachta indica, Syzgium aromaticum, Dalbergia sissoo, Allium sativum, Psidium guajava, Syzygium cumini and Allium cepa were evaluated for antioxidant potential using spectrophotometric assays. The results indicated that hyroalcoholic extracts of M. piperita showed the highest antioxidant capacity (202.56 ± 1.98 µgAAE/g) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (94% with IC50 value of 561 ± 1.13 μg /mL). Also, the extract of O. tenuiflorum showed 89 % inhibition at 1000 μg/mL concentration. The presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds may be responsible for the free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. The findings of the present study suggest that the plants might be exploited as a source of natural antioxidants. Further investigation is still required to identify the phytochemicals responsible for medicinal properties and to understand the mechanism of action of isolated bioactive compounds.
Detection of Picric Acid: By Fluorescent Chemosensor (Nitro-Aromatic Compound): A Short Review
Authors: Nainsi Nainsi , Banik Nibedita
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT: The most abundant and valuable class of chemicals currently used in industries are referred to as nitroaromatic compounds. These are compounds that include organic molecules and, more importantly, at least one nitro- group in the ring. As we already know, chemistry is currently known for using a variety of fluorescent techniques. Picric acid (O2N)3C6H2OH) is an organic compound also known as 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol (TNP), according to the IUPAC. It is extensively used in the industries of dyes, leather, fireworks, and matches. In this review, author tried to explain how to detect picric acid through fluorescent Chemosensor. It helps in the synthesis of fluorescent Nanoscopic objects or compounds.
Computational Analysis of Pulsating Pipe Flow for Heat and Flow Characteristics Enhancement
Authors: Nishandar Siddhanath V. , T. Pise Ashok , S.Madiwale Shrikant
Published: February 2024

To increase the performance of the thermal and flow devices with respect to the heat and flow characteristics in a pipe, different techniques are widely used such as modification in the fluid flow and modifications in the pipe geometries. Several boosting modified tubes, including a finned tube, a tube with ribs, a tube with spirally roughened walls, a corrugated tube, a fluted tube, a helical tube, an elliptical axis tube, and others, act to increase the turbulence in fluid flow and are the examples of modifications in the geometries. As compared to the modification in the pipe geometries with modification in the fluid flow, the fluid flow modifications attract more cost and most are the techniques are not so economical. In the current paper, the comparative analysis is studied between the simple pipe and pipe with dimples for heat and flow characteristics enhancements with the help of computational techniques. For pipe with dimples, the results were more satisfying as compared with the simple pipe. The maximum velocity build-up in the dimple pipe was 0.753m/s whereas in the simple pipe it was 0.604m/s, , that means there is a 24.66% increase in velocity in dimple pipe as compared with simple pipe. Also, vorticity was found to be more in the dimple pipe and which was 126000/s as compared with simple pipe 389/s , which means more than 100% increase in the vorticity. Heat transfer enhancement in the dimple pipe was observed in terms of an increase in the temperature and found to be a maximum of 418 K as compared with simple pipe only 409 K,which means that there is a 17.60% increase in the temperature in the dimple pipe. The computational study concludes that there were enhancements in the heat and flow characteristics of fluid flow in the dimple pipe as compared with the simple pipe.
Patient health-related quality of life deteriorates significantly while waiting six to 12 months for total hip or knee arthroplasty
Authors: Scott Chloe E. H. , Yapp Liam Z. , MacDonald Deborah J. , Howie Colin R. , Clement Nick D.
Published: February 2024

Aims

The primary aim was to assess change in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients as they waited from six to 12 months for a total hip (THA) or total or partial knee arthroplasty (KA). Secondary aims were to assess change in joint-specific function, mental health, quality of sleep, number living in a state worse than death (WTD), wellbeing, and patient satisfaction with their healthcare.

Methods

This prospective study included 142 patients awaiting a THA (mean age 66.7 years (SD 11.4); 71 female) and 214 patients awaiting KA (mean age 69.7 years (SD 8.7); 117 female). Patients completed questionnaires (EuroQol five-dimension health questionnaire (EQ-5D), Oxford Hip and Knee Scores (OHS/OKS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS), University of California, Los Angeles Activity Scale, wellbeing assessment, and satisfaction with their healthcare) at six and 12 months while awaiting surgery.

Results

There was a clinical and statistically significant deterioration in the EQ-5D while awaiting THA (mean change 0.071 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.018 to 0.124); p = 0.009) and KA (mean change 0.069 (95% CI 0.032 to 0.106); p < 0.001). For patients awaiting a THA, there were deteriorations in OHS (p = 0.003), PSQI (p = 0.008), both HADS depression (p = 0.001) and anxiety (p = 0.002), and an increased prevalence in those in a state WTD (p = 0.010). For those awaiting KA, there were significant deteriorations in OKS (p < 0.001), UCLA (p = 0.001), and HADS depression (p < 0.001) and anxiety (p < 0.001). There were significant decreases in wellbeing (satisfaction with life, feeling life to be worthwhile, and happiness) and increases in anxiety for those awaiting THA or KA (p < 0.001). Those awaiting THA (odds ratio (OR) 0.52 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.89); p = 0.016) and KA (OR 0.46 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.71); p < 0.001) had a significant decrease in satisfaction with their healthcare.

Conclusion

As patients waited from six to 12 months for THA or KA, they experienced a clinically significant deterioration in HRQoL. There were also deteriorations in joint-specific function, mental health, wellbeing, and patient satisfaction with healthcare.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(2):166–173.