bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engineering Platelet Membrane Imitating Nanoparticles for Targeted
Therapeutic Delivery
Authors: Adhalrao Shradha B. , Jadhav Kisan R. , Patil Prashant L. , Kadam Vilasrao J. , M. Kasekar Nirmal
Published: August 2023

Platelet Membrane Imitating Nanoparticles (PMINs) is a novel drug delivery system
that imitates the structure and functionality of platelet membranes. PMINs imitate surface markers
of platelets to target specific cells and transport therapeutic cargo. PMINs are engineered by incorporating
the drug into the platelet membrane and encapsulating it in a nanoparticle scaffold. This
allows PMINs to circulate in the bloodstream and bind to target cells with high specificity, reducing
off-target effects and improving therapeutic efficacy. The engineering of PMINs entails several
stages, including the separation and purification of platelet membranes, the integration of therapeutic
cargo into the membrane, and the encapsulation of the membrane in a nanoparticle scaffold.
In addition to being involved in a few pathological conditions including cancer, atherosclerosis,
and rheumatoid arthritis, platelets are crucial to the body's physiological processes. This study
includes the preparation and characterization of platelet membrane-like nanoparticles and focuses
on their most recent advancements in targeted therapy for conditions, including cancer, immunological
disorders, atherosclerosis, phototherapy, etc. PMINs are a potential drug delivery system
that combines the advantages of platelet membranes with nanoparticles. The capacity to create
PMMNs with particular therapeutic cargo and surface markers provides new possibilities for targeted
medication administration and might completely change the way that medicine is practiced.
Despite the need for more studies to optimize the engineering process and evaluate the effectiveness
and safety of PMINs in clinical trials, this technology has a lot of potential.
Neuroprotective Effects of Sesamum indicum, Sesamin and Sesamolin
Against 6-OHDA-induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells
Authors: Ramazani Elham , Ebrahimpour Faeze , Emami Seyed Ahmad , Shakeri Abolfazl , Javadi Behjat , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Tayarani-Najaran Zahra
Published: August 2023

Background:

Sesamum indicum L. (sesame) is one of the most widely used herbs in
the world. Sesame oil contains lignans such as sesamin and sesamolin, which are known to possess
anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. Parkinson's disease (PD) is
recognized as the most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease; however,
the exact molecular mechanism of the progression of neural death is not clear yet. In this study,
the effect of sesame seed extracts and their main bioactive components (sesamin and sesamolin)
on in vitro model of Parkinson's disease has been compared.

Methods:

Cell viability, the number of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis were determined
using resazurin assay, ROS assay, propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow cytometry,
and western blot analysis.

Results:

6-OHDA caused cellular death and apoptosis but pretreatment with sesame seed extracts,
sesamin, and sesamolin significantly increased cell viability (p<0.001) and decreased ROS
(p<0.001) and apoptosis. ERK1/2 is activated by 6-OHDA in PC12 cells, and the level of survivin
decreased. Pretreatment with sesame significantly reversed the entire cell death induced by 6-
OHDA. Sesame seed extracts at 5 and 10 μg/ml, sesamin and sesamolin at 5 and 10 μM increased
surviving (p<0.01), and reduced P-ERK1/2/ERK1/2 (p<0.05) levels close to the control values.

Conclusions:

Overall, compounds in sesame seed extract and sesamin may assist as adjuvant
therapeutics in PD. It seems sesame seeds have more potent protection effects against neural
death compared with individual components, which might reflect the synergism among different
phytochemicals present in the extract.
Application of Dincharya, Rutucharya and Yoga for the Prevention and Management of Cancer
Authors: Misar Wajpeyi Sadhana
Published: August 2023

Cancer is a group of diseases having an uncontrolled unregulated division of
abnormal cells that tend to spread to all other parts of the body. It is observed that
about 80-90 percent of the causes of cancer include unhealthy diet, behavioral habits,
and environmental factors that can be prevented. Cancer is not described in Ayurveda,
but in Brihatatrayi, there is a description of Granthi and Arbuda, which can be
correlated with cancer due to the similarity in nature and clinical course. In Ayurveda,
there are three major causes of any ailment: Kala Parinam, Pragyaparadha, and
AsatmendriyarthaSamyoga. All of this can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle.
Hence there is a need to focus on a healthy lifestyle to manage and prevent cancer.
Concept of Primordial prevention: The holistic approaches of Swasthavritta like
Healthy dietary and behavioral habits, Dincharya, Ritucharya, not restraining non.suppressible urges and holding suppressible desires, Good conduct, Yoga, Pranayama,
Meditation, and Shatkarma purifying procedures, all come under primordial
prevention. This is the prevention of the risk factors by optimizing lifestyles associated
with cancer by following the holistic principles of Ayurveda. Various research studies
also proved that these principles of Ayurveda are helpful in the prevention and
recovery of cancer patients. On the basis of the conclusion from the literature and
available research on cancer, it can be said that adopting the holistic principles of
Ayurveda is beneficial in preventing the risk of various types of cancers.
Automated Recognition and Control of Human Interaction by Video Image
Authors: Ulyev A. D. , Donsckaia A. R. , Zubkov A. V.
Published: August 2023

The purpose of research is to increase the efficiency of recognition and control of interaction between buyers and sellers of stores by developing a model of automated recognition and control of human interaction by video image.

   Methods. The research is aimed at solving the fundamental scientific problem of developing models and methods for monitoring and recognizing human interaction by video image. At the moment, the sphere of trade is  rapidly developing, there are more and more online resources that take over a significant part of the flow of customers, and therefore, ordinary stores and shopping centers need to introduce new ways and methods of interacting with customers, and therefore provide a better service. Modern companies are trying to solve this problem in different ways: counting visitors, monitoring devices, various neural network solutions, and so on. However, none of the currently available offers on the market is able to automatically classify a person as a buyer or seller by video image, as well as to assess the degree of customer satisfaction with the service provided. To remedy this situation, methods and models have been developed that make it possible to develop software based on them, with the help of which it will be possible to determine the satisfaction of visitors and customers, recognize customers and sellers among people and determine the quality of employees' work.

   Results. Models and methods for classifying customers and sellers by uniform, methods for determining the level of interaction between sellers and customers based on algorithms for determining the satisfaction of visitors andcustomers by voice and face, and algorithms for determining the quality of employees' work have been developed.

   Conclusion. As a result, models have been developed that allow improving the quality of interaction between sellers and customers by video image.
Studies on teratogenic and maternal effects of Trichothecene (TCT) extracted from Fusarium and Trichoderma culture on pregnant Albino Mice
Authors: Saadullah Asia A. M.
Published: August 2023

Mycotoxins (frequently referred to as secondary metabolites of toxigenic fungi) are commonly found in foodstuffs and are essential because of their association with disease. The current study investigated the teratogenic potential characteristics of T-2 trichothecenes mycotoxins produced by Fusarium and Trichoderma, which are reportedly toxic to humans and animals in pregnant mice. T-2 toxin is a cytotoxic secondary fungal metabolite that belongs to the trichothecene mycotoxin family. T2 was administered intraperitoneally to Pregnant females as a single injection at levels of 50, 75,100, and 125 ppb on one of the gestation days 7-11 during the pregnancy period. A significant reduction in mean fetal body weight and various fetal malformations (i.e., external and skeletal) were observed following maternal exposure to T2. This is the first report to implicate this mycotoxin T -2 as a teratogen in our region. Our study revealed that T-2 toxin 125 ppm exposure was enough to cause abortion in pregnant mice within several days.

Keywords: T2 toxin, trichothecenes, mycotoxins, fungi, pregnant mice
A Web-Based Tool to Report Adverse Drug Reactions by Community Pharmacists in Australia: Usability Testing Study
Authors: Fossouo Tagne Joel , Yakob Reginald Amin , Mcdonald Rachael , Wickramasinghe Nilmini
Published: August 2023

Background

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are unintended and harmful events associated with medication use. Despite their significance in postmarketing surveillance, quality improvement, and drug safety research, ADRs are vastly underreported. Enhanced digital-based communication of ADR information to regulators and among care providers could significantly improve patient safety.

Objective

This paper presents a usability evaluation of the commercially available GuildCare Adverse Event Recording system, a web-based ADR reporting system widely used by community pharmacists (CPs) in Australia.

Methods

We developed a structured interview protocol encompassing remote observation, think-aloud moderating techniques, and retrospective questioning to gauge the overall user experience, complemented by the System Usability Scale (SUS) assessment. Thematic analysis was used to analyze field notes from the interviews.

Results

A total of 7 CPs participated in the study, who perceived the system to have above-average usability (SUS score of 68.57). Nonetheless, the structured approach to usability testing unveiled specific functional and user interpretation issues, such as unnecessary information, lack of system clarity, and redundant data fields—critical insights not captured by the SUS results. Design elements like drop-down menus, free-text entry, checkboxes, and prefilled or auto-populated data fields were perceived as useful for enhancing system navigation and facilitating ADR reporting.

Conclusions

The user-centric design of technology solutions, like the one discussed herein, is crucial to meeting CPs’ information needs and ensuring effective ADR reporting. Developers should adopt a structured approach to usability testing during the developmental phase to address identified issues comprehensively. Such a methodological approach may promote the adoption of ADR reporting systems by CPs and ultimately enhance patient safety.
Comparing preoperative video education with face-to-face education by the anesthesiologist before informed consent for anesthesia: a pilot randomized controlled trial (Preprint)
Authors: van den Heuvel Sander , Jonker Philip , Hoeks Sanne , Ismail Sohal , Stolker Robert Jan , Korstanje Jan-Wiebe
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Traditionally, the fulfilment of legal obligations for preoperative education and informed consent prior to anesthesia predominantly relied on face-to-face interactions. However, considering the progress of contemporary technological advancements, alternative methods should be explored. We hypothesized that video education would result in non-inferior knowledge compared to face-to-face education by an anesthesiologist. This study aimed to assess the effect size of video education compared to face-to-face education and the feasibility of a future full randomized clinical trial (RCT).

OBJECTIVE

To assess feasibility of a definitive trial in our hospital and to determine the effect size of video education on short-, intermediate-, and long-term retention of knowledge.

METHODS

Reporting was in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials for pilot and feasibility studies. In this four-arm pilot RCT, adult patients visiting the preoperative screening clinic of a tertiary medical center in the Netherlands were enrolled over a period of six months (April to September 2021). Participants were allocated using simple randomization (1:1:1:1) embedded in the trial software. The main outcome measures were the effect size of web-based video vs. face-to-face education as measured by the Rotterdam Anesthesia Knowledge Questionnaire (RAKQ) on days 0, 14, and 42 and loss to follow-up rates on days 14 and 42. The participants completed the questionnaire on day 0 while visiting the outpatient clinic and were sent links via email to complete online questionnaires on days 14 and 42.

RESULTS

The effect size of video versus face-to-face education on day 0 was large (Cohen’s D = 1.08), and moderate on day 14 (Cohen’s D = 0.47). The corresponding median [IQR] number of correct answers on the knowledge questionnaire on day 0 was higher after video education (26.0 [24.0 to 28.0]) than after the anesthesiologist (21.5 [20.0 to 25.0]). The recruitment rate was six participants per week. The loss to follow-up rates were, on average, 43.0% after 14 days and 61.7% after 42 days.

CONCLUSIONS

This pilot trial demonstrated a moderate-to-large effect size of video education versus face-to-face education on patients’ knowledge. Loss to follow-up rates were high, but with adjustments made to the follow-up process, this four-arm RCT design is feasible in our hospital.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN, ISRCTN13174388. Registered 17 August 2022 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13174388.
The Effectiveness of a Digital App for Reduction of Clinical Symptoms in Individuals With Panic Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Kim KunJung , Hwang Hyunchan , Bae Sujin , Kim Sun Mi , Han Doug Hyun
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Panic disorder is a common and important disease in clinical practice that decreases individual productivity and increases health care use. Treatments comprise medication and cognitive behavioral therapy. However, adverse medication effects and poor treatment compliance mean new therapeutic models are needed.

OBJECTIVE

We hypothesized that digital therapy for panic disorder may improve panic disorder symptoms and that treatment response would be associated with brain activity changes assessed with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

METHODS

Individuals (n=50) with a history of panic attacks were recruited. Symptoms were assessed before and after the use of an app for panic disorder, which in this study was a smartphone-based app for treating the clinical symptoms of panic disorder, panic symptoms, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. The hemodynamics in the frontal cortex during the resting state were measured via fNIRS. The app had 4 parts: diary, education, quest, and serious games. The study trial was approved by the institutional review board of Chung-Ang University Hospital (1041078-202112-HR-349-01) and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

RESULTS

The number of participants with improved panic symptoms in the app use group (20/25, 80%) was greater than that in the control group (6/21, 29%; χ21=12.3; P=.005). During treatment, the improvement in the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) score in the app use group was greater than that in the control group (F1,44=7.03; P=.01). In the app use group, the total PDSS score declined by 42.5% (mean score 14.3, SD 6.5 at baseline and mean score 7.2, SD 3.6 after the intervention), whereas the PDSS score declined by 14.6% in the control group (mean score 12.4, SD 5.2 at baseline and mean score 9.8, SD 7.9 after the intervention). There were no significant differences in accumulated oxygenated hemoglobin (accHbO2) at baseline between the app use and control groups. During treatment, the reduction in accHbO2 in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC; F1,44=8.22; P=.006) and the right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC; F1,44=8.88; P=.005) was greater in the app use than the control group.

CONCLUSIONS

Apps for panic disorder should effectively reduce symptoms and VLPFC and OFC brain activity in patients with panic disorder. The improvement of panic disorder symptoms was positively correlated with decreased VLPFC and OFC brain activity in the resting state.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Research Information Service KCT0007280; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do?seq=21448
What are cognates?
Authors: Meelen Marieke , Hill Nathan W. , Fellner Hannes
Published: August 2023

The popularity of computational methods in historical linguistics has primarily been motivated by mere access to the new methods themselves, rather than by looking for tools to solve problems. Investigators have looked for problems with which to showcase their tools. This dynamic is one reason why eye‐catching but long solved problems, such as the homeland of the Indo‐Europeans (Gray & Atkinson 2003) have received more attention than genuinely unsolved or controversial questions, such as how to incorporate the Hittite ḫi‐conjugation into an understanding of the Indo‐European verbal system (Jasanoff 2003). One assumption of Bayesian methods is that cognacy can be conceptualized as binary. Although this is how historical linguists themselves often speak, it is not how they work. The goal of this essay is to more precisely delimit what is meant when we call two words cognate, to emphasize that this is not a binary relation, but to suggest that this relationship can still be modeled formally.
Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Autoencoder & Decoder ML
Authors: Mohammad Arshiya , Santosh V Anil , Suribabu D D D
Published: August 2023

Abstract: In recent years credit card fraud has become one of the growing problems. It is vital that credit card companies can identify fraudulent credit card transactions, so that customers are not charged for the items that they did not purchase. The reputation of companies will heavily damage and endangered among the customers due to fraud in financial transactions The fraud detection techniques were increasing to improve accuracy to identify the fraudulent transactions. This project intends to build an unsupervised fraud detection method using autoencoder. An Autoencoder with four hidden layers which has been trained and tested with a dataset containing a European cardholder transaction that occurred in two days with 284,807 transactions from September 2013
Orbis Sensualium Pictus (Comenius, 2017)
Authors: Benítez Ferro Carmen Rosa
Published: August 2023

Este artículo es producto de la investigación realizada para la tesis de grado de maestría. Aquí se reflexiona sobre el método diseñado por Juan Amós Comenius, en su obra Orbis Sensualium Pictus (2017), el cual fue planteado para la enseñanza de la lectura y la escritura. Este se fundamentó en la representación del mundo sensible por medio de imágenes, las cuales eran empleadas en los textos de latín que, a su vez, implementaban las lenguas vernáculas. Para este propósito, se aplicó la investigación descriptiva con enfoque cualitativo y, a partir del método no experimental, se hizo una descripción y caracterización de su relación estructural con los textos escolares, para establecer así los componentes comunes y tomar como base la investigación de la pedagogía del autor. En el análisis se detallaron las características del libro y se identificaron las categorías que fundamentan el modelo Comeniano para determinar su influencia en la educación actual. Finalmente, fue posible concluir que este modelo tiene aspectos formativos que aún son usados en las aulas de clase, a saber, imágenes y textos como elementos necesarios para potenciar el aprendizaje.
Evaluación de dos tratamientos a base de ajo (Allium sativum) en comparación con un antiparasitariocomercial (Albendazol), para el control de parásitos gastrointestinales en terneros lactantes
Authors: Artunduaga Pimentel Lucerina , Manrique Chivara Oscar Eduardo
Published: August 2023

Contextualización: en el departamento del Caquetá el principal renglón económico sigue siendo la ganadería y, precisamente, uno de los principales problemas en terneros lactantes es la presencia de enfermedades parasitarias ya que puede llegar a causar problemas de salud en ellos, pero sobre todo una disminución de los indicadores productivos y por ende pérdidas económicas para el ganadero. Vacío de conocimiento: en el mercado existen cientos de medicamentos comerciales para el tratamiento de los parásitos gastrointestinales, pero cabe la posibilidad de que estos creen resistencia a dichos productos; además, el consumidor final no tendrá la certeza de consumir productos inocuos y de calidad. Por lo anterior, se hace necesaria la exploración de otras alternativas que sean eficaces para controlar los parásitos y que no causen una acumulación de residuos tóxicos; también que sean amigables con el medio ambiente y económicamente accesible a los ganaderos. Propósito: evaluar la eficacia de dos tratamientos con inclusión de ajo [Allium sativum] en diferentes concentraciones [5 % y 10 %] como método desparasitante en terneros lactantes y comparar los costos de su implementación respecto a un tratamiento químico convencional. Metodología: se evaluó la inclusión del ajo, en diferentes porcentajes, como método desparasitante en terneros lactantes de la Hacienda La María, en el municipio de San José del Fragua. Se trabajó con 15 terneros en un diseño completamente al azar, distribuidos en 3 grupos y tratamientos así: Tratamiento I con inclusión de ajo al 5 %, Tratamiento II con inclusión de Ajo al 10 % y finalmente el Tratamiento III con Albendazol al 25 %. Resultados y conclusiones: la inclusión de ajo por vía oral, en porcentajes del 5 % y del 10 %, no demostró eficacia comparativa, terapéutica y estadística frente al tratamiento con Albendazol al 25 %. Los tres tratamientos [Ajo al 5 %, Ajo al 10 % y Albendazol al 25 %] no fueron eficientes para el control de huevos de los géneros Coccidea, Strongylidae y Trichistrongylus..
Contribution of Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channel 4.1 in Orofacial Neuropathic Pain: Regulation of Pannexin 3 via the Reactive Oxygen Species-Activated P38 MAPK Signal Pathway
Authors: Feng Yuheng , Tang Renjie , Zhang Yanyan , Lin Jiu , Liu Yajing , Li Yike , Li Chunjie , Zhou Cheng , Liu Fei , Shen Jie-Fei
Published: August 2023

The involvement of inwardly rectifying potassium channel 4.1 (Kir4.1) in
neuropathic pain has been established. However, there is limited
understanding of the downstream mechanism through which Kir4.1
contributes to orofacial neuropathic pain. The objective of this study
was to examine the regulation of Kir4.1 on the expression of pannexin 3
(Panx3) in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and the underlying mechanism in
the context of orofacial neuropathic pain caused by chronic constriction
injury of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION). The study observed a
significant increase in Panx3 expression in the TG of mice with CCI-ION.
Inhibition of Panx3 in the TG of CCI-ION mice resulted in alleviation of
orofacial mechanical allodynia. Furthermore, conditional knockdown (CKD)
of Kir4.1 in the TG of both male and female mice led to mechanical
allodynia and up-regulation of Panx3 expression. Conversely,
overexpression of Kir4.1 decreased Panx3 levels in the TG and relieved
mechanical allodynia in CCI-ION mice. In addition, silencing Kir4.1 in
satellite glial cells (SGCs) decreased Panx3 expression and increased
the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK. Moreover, silencing Kir4.1 in SGCs
increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The elevated
phosphorylation of P38 MAPK resulting from Kir4.1 silencing was
inhibited by using a superoxide scavenger known as the tempol. Silencing
Panx3 in the TG in vivo attenuated the mechanical allodynia caused by
Kir4.1 CKD. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the reduction of
Kir4.1 promotes the expression of Panx3 by activating the ROS-P38 MAPK
signaling pathway, thus contributing to the development of orofacial
neuropathic pain.
Regional controls on the sea ice-mixed layer depth relationship in the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP)
Authors: Bischof Milo Johannes Declan , Goldberg Daniel N , Henley Sian Frances , Fraser Neil J
Published: August 2023

In the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), complex interactions between the
cryosphere, ocean and atmosphere produce an environment with large
geographical, seasonal and interannual variability which is highly
vulnerable to climate change. The seasonal sea ice cycle and its
interactions with upper-ocean mixing play an important role in
structuring this environment. Here we show that the relationship between
sea ice and mixed layer depth (MLD) varies regionally between the WAP
shelf and off-shelf regions. Using an MITgcm regional model of the WAP
and Bellingshausen Sea for 1989-2018, we find that on the WAP shelf,
high winter sea ice coverage is related to shallow spring mixed layers,
whereas in a region offshore of the shelf, high winter sea ice coverage
is related to deep spring mixed layers. The exact boundary between
positive and negative correlations between winter sea ice concentration
(SIC) and spring MLD varies decadally. Our results can be explained by a
nonlinear relationship between SIC and momentum flux into the ocean,
with a minor additional role for the timing of seasonal processes.
Transport of sea ice across the model domain dampens this mechanism
except in regions of very large sea ice export such as polynyas. With
sea ice conditions projected to undergo large changes over the course of
the century, understanding the relationship between sea ice and
upper-ocean mixing in this unique and vulnerable location is crucial for
understanding the wider impacts of climate change on biological
productivity in the polar oceans.
Evaluating the Model Representation of Asian Summer Monsoon UTLS Transport and Composition using Airborne In Situ Observations
Authors: Smith Warren P , Pan Laura L , Kinnison Douglas Edward , Atlas Elliot L. , Honomichl Shawn , Zhang Jun , Tilmes Simone , Fernandez Rafael Pedro , Saiz-Lopez Alfonso , Treadaway Victoria , Adcock Karina E , Laube Johannes C. , Hobe M. von , Kloss Corinna , Viciani Silvia , D'Amato Francesco , Volk C. Michael , Ravegnani Fabrizio
Published: August 2023

Chemistry transport models (CTMs) are essential tools for characterizing
and predicting the role of atmospheric composition and chemistry in
Earth’s climate system. This study demonstrates the use of airborne in
situ observations to diagnose the representation of atmospheric
composition by global CTMs. Process-based diagnostics are developed
which minimize the spatial and temporal sampling differences between
airborne in situ measurements and CTM grid points. The developed
diagnostics make use of dynamical and chemical vertical coordinates as a
means of highlighting areas where focused model improvement is needed.
The chosen process is the chemical impact of the Asian summer monsoon
(ASM), where deep convection serves a unique pathway for rapid transport
of surface emissions and pollutants to the stratosphere. Two global CTM
configurations are examined for their representation of the ASM upper
troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS), using airborne observations
collected over south Asia. Application of the developed diagnostics to
the CTMs reveals the limitations of zonally-averaged surface boundary
conditions for species with sufficiently short tropospheric lifetimes,
and that species whose stratospheric loss rates are dominated by
photolysis have excellent agreement compared to that observed. Overall,
the diagnostics demonstrate the strength of airborne observations toward
improving model predictions, and highlight the utility of
highly-resolved CTMs to improve the understanding of reactive transport
of anthropogenic pollutants to the stratosphere.
Lunar Low-Titanium Magmatism during Ancient Expansion inferred from Ejecta originating from Linear Gravity Anomalies
Authors: Nishiyama Gaku , Morota Tomokatsu , Namiki Noriyuki , Inoue Kazuki , Sugita Seiji
Published: August 2023

Linear gravity anomalies (LGAs) on the Moon have been interpreted as
ancient magmatic intrusions formed during the lunar expansion. The
composition of such ancient subsurface intrusions may offer a hint for
the lunar thermodynamic state in the initial stage of lunar history. To
pose a first compositional constraint on magmatism related to lunar
expansion, this study analyzed the spectrum and gravity around craters
on LGAs, such as Rowland, Roche, and Edison craters. Using spectral
datasets around the craters, we first surveyed non-mare basaltic
exposures that we hypothesize originate from subsurface intrusions. This
hypothesis is then investigated in comparison between the GRAIL data and
post-cratering gravity simulated with the iSALE shock physics code. Our
spectral analysis reveals no basaltic exposure around Rowland crater.
Further, the observed termination of LGA at the crater rim contradicts
the gravity simulation which assumes that LGA predates Rowland crater.
These results suggest that LGA formation postdates the Rowland formation
and that lunar expansion lasted even after the Nectarian age. On the
other hand, we found that both Roche and Edison craters possess basaltic
exposures in their peripheries. Because the gravity reduced inside Roche
crater can be reproduced in our simulation, the discovered basaltic
exposures are possibly LGA materials ejected from these craters. The
composition of those exposures suggests that the LGA intrusions are
composed of low-titanium magma. This indicates that ancient magma during
the expansion did not contain ilmenite-rich melt provided by a plume
ascending from the ilmenite-bearing layer above the core.
Potential predictability of the Madden-Julian Oscillation in a superparameterizated model
Authors: Weidman Sarah , Kuang Zhiming
Published: August 2023

The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a promising target for improving
sub-seasonal weather forecasts. Current forecast models struggle to
simulate the MJO due to imperfect convective parameterizations and mean
state biases, degrading their forecast skill. Previous studies have
estimated a potential MJO predictability 5-15 days higher than current
forecast skill, but these estimates also use models with parameterized
convection. We perform a perfect-model predictability experiment using a
superparameterized global model, in which the convective
parameterization is replaced by a cloud resolving model. We add a second
silent cloud resolving component to the control simulation that
independently calculates convective-scale processes using the same
large-scale forcings. The second set of convective states are used to
initialize forecasts, representing uncertainty on the convective scale.
We find a potential predictability of the MJO of 35-40 days in boreal
winter using a single-member ensemble forecast.
Modelling snow and ice microwave emissions in the Arctic for a multi-parameter retrieval of surface and atmospheric variables from microwave radiometer satellite data
Authors: Rückert Janna Elisabeth , Huntemann Marcus , Tonboe Rasmus , Spreen Gunnar
Published: August 2023

Monitoring surface and atmospheric parameters - like water vapor - is
challenging in the Arctic, despite the daily Arctic-wide coverage of
spaceborne microwave radiometer data. This is mainly due to the
difficulties in characterizing the sea ice surface emission: sea ice and
snow microwave emission is high and highly variable. There are very few
datasets combining relevant in situ measurements with co-located remote
sensing data, which further complicates the development of accurate
retrieval algorithms.

Here, we present a multi-parameter retrieval based on the inversion of a
forward model for both, atmosphere and surface, for non-melting
conditions. The model consists of a layered microwave emission model of
snow and ice. Since snow scattering and emission effects, as well as
temperature gradients, are taken into account, a high variability in
brightness temperatures can be simulated. For ocean regions and the
atmosphere existing parameterized forward models are used.

By using optimal estimation, the forward model can be inverted allowing
for the simultaneous and consistent retrieval of nine variables:
integrated water vapor, liquid water path, sea ice concentration,
multi-year ice fraction, snow depth, snow-ice interface temperature and
snow-air interface temperature as well as sea-surface temperature and
wind speed (over open ocean). In addition, the method provides retrieval
uncertainty estimates for each retrieved parameter.

To evaluate the forward model as well as the retrieval, we use the
extensive datasets acquired during the year-long Arctic expedition
MOSAiC (2019-2020) as a reference.
Crustal conditions favoring convective downward migration of fractures in deep hydrothermal systems
Authors: Halldorsdottir Sæunn , Berre Inga , Keilegavlen Eirik , Axelsson Gudni
Published: August 2023

Cooling magma plutons and intrusions are the heat sources for
hydrothermal systems in volcanic settings. To explain system longevity
and observed heat transfer at rates higher than those explained by pure
conduction, the concept of fluid convection in fractures that deepen
because of thermal rock contraction has been proposed as a heat-source
mechanism. While recent numerical studies have supported this half a
century old hypothesis, understanding of the various regimes where
convective downward migration of fractures can be an effective mechanism
for heat transfer is lacking. Using a numerical model for fluid flow and
fracture propagation in thermo-poroelastic media, we investigate
scenarios for which convective downward migration of fractures may
occur. Our results support convective downward migration of fractures as
a possible mechanism for development of hydrothermal systems, both for
settings within active zones of volcanism and spreading and, under
favorable conditions, in older crust away from such zones.
Best proximity points for (φ-ψ)-weak contractions and some applications
Authors: Fallahi Kamal , Rad Ghasem , Fulga Andreea
Published: August 2023

The principal goal of this paper is to express the existence and uniqueness
of the best proximity point for a comprehensive contractive non-self mapping
in partially ordered metric spaces. The main result covers a lot of former
well-known theorems in related to best proximity point. Moreover, as an
interesting application, integral versions of main theorem are obtained.
Approximation by λ-Bernstein type operators on triangular domain
Authors: Cai Qing-Bo , Khan Asif , Mansoori Mohd , Iliyas Mohammad , Khan Khalid
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a new type of ?-Bernstein operators (Bwm,?g)(w,z) and (Bzn ?g)(w,z), their Products Pmn,?g (w,z), Qnm,?g (w, z), and their Boolean sums Smn,?g (w,z), Tnm,?g (w, z) are constructed on triangle h with parameter ? [1,1]. Convergence theorem for Lipschitz type continuous functions and a Voronovskaja-type asymptotic formula are studied for these operators. Remainder terms for error evaluation by using the modulus of continuity are discussed. Graphical representations are added to demonstrate the consistency of theoretical findings for the operators approximating functions on the triangular domain. Also, we show that the parameter ? will provide flexibility in approximation; in some cases, the approximation will be better than its classical analogue.
Tingkatkan Minat Siswa Belajar Sumber Daya Alam dengan Media Videoscibe
Authors: Kumara Deni , Japa I Gusti Ngurah , Jayanta I Nyoman Laba
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menciptakan media videoscibe untuk meningkatkan minat siswa belajar sumber daya alam. Jenis penelitian menggunakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 3 orang ahli, yang terdiri atas 1 dosen ahli materi, 1 dosen ahli media dan guru IV sebagai ahli praktisi serta tujuh orang siswa kelas IV SD sebagai uji perseorangan dan 15 orang siswa kelas IV SD. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah metode kuesioner/angket dan wawancara. Istrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian pengembangan ini adalah kuiseioner. Analisis data yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian pengembangan media video pembelajaran dinyatakan valid dengan rata-rata ahli media 4,16, dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, rata-rata ahli materi 4,86, dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, review praktisi (guru) 4.6, review siswa uji perseorangan 4,78 dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, review siswa kelompok kecil 4,89 dengan kualifikasi sangat baik. Pengembangan produk media pembelajaran memiliki rata-rata berada pada rentangan 4,01 < X ≤ 5, dengan kualifikasi “sangat baik”. Maka, media pembelajaran dinyatakan sangat baik dan layak diterapkan pada proses pembelajaran.
Parents' Understanding of Early Childhood Learning Principles During Learning from Home Policy
Authors: Hazizah Nur
Published: August 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted the issuance of a study on home policy. This study aims to analyze parents' understanding of the principles of early childhood learning during the policy of learning from home. This research method uses quantitative methods with a survey approach. The research sample used 100 student guardians. The methods used to collect data are observation and questionnaires. The instrument used in collecting data is a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. The survey results show that 45% of parents know that learning activities must be oriented to children's needs, 35% of parents understand that children's learning activities will be more effective by playing, and 69% of parents answered that the environment is not conducive, 72% of parents have not known holistic and integrated and thematic learning, parents' understanding in developing life skills is 32%, and understanding of the importance of using APE in stimulating children is 44%. The results of this study show that parents' understanding of the principles of early childhood learning is included in the low category.
Validasi Alat Ukur Kepuasaan Pembelajaran Online: General Satisfaction Scale (GSS)
Authors: Putra Miftah Fariz Prima
Published: August 2023

Kepuasaan mahasiswa dalam pembelajaaran online diyakini sebagai indikator penting kualitas pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi. Namun begitu, beberapa instrumen untuk mengungkap dimensi kepuasaan mahasiswa memiliki kelemahan terutama berkaitan dengan banyaknya jumlah item dalam alat ukur tersebut. Di sisi lain, instrumen yang berbahasa indonesia juga belum banyak dikembangkan. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menguji General Satisfaction Scale (GSS) dalam versi bahasa Indonesia. Metode pengujian menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) yang melibatkan 247 mahasiswa (laki-laki = 128, perempuan = 67) dengan usia rata-rata 19,75±3,5 tahun. Selain GSS, penelitian ini menggunakan Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) untuk mengambil data kepuasaan mahasiswa. Analisis korelasi serta cronbach alpha juga dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan SPSS. Hasil penelitian menemukan, dari enam item yang ada dalam GSS, 1 item gugur dalam pengujian. Nilai koefisien korelasi GSS versi indonesia bergerak dari 0.582-0.625, sedangkan nilai factor loading bergerak 0.55-0.88. Untuk reliabilitas bergerak dari 0.603-0.844 dan nilai reliabilitas keseluruhan GSS adalah 0.706. Uji validitas konvergen menunjukkan bahwa GSS berkorelasi positif dengan SWLS (r = 0.365, p<0.05). Dengan hasil tersebut maka dapat dinyatakan bahwa GSS versi indonesia yang berjumlah lima item merupakan alat ukur kepuasaan pembelajaran online yang dapat digunakan untuk mengungkap dimensi kepuasaan mahasiswa.
Aplikasi Android Berorientasi Teori Ausubel pada Muatan IPS
Authors: Adiutami Ni Kadek Era , Sujana I Wayan
Published: August 2023

Pengembangan media pembelajaran perlu dikembangkan untuk mendukung kegiatan pembelajaran. Tujuan dari dilaksanakannya penelitian pengembangan yaitu untuk mengetahui rancang bangun dan validitas media pembelajaran aplikasi android berbasis teori belajar Ausubel muatan IPS. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yang meliputi tahap analisis, tahap desain, tahap pengembangan, tahap implementasi dan tahap evaluasi. Metode dalam penelitian pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu metode non tes meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan pemberian angket. Subjek penelitian ini meliputi ahli materi pembelajaran, ahli desain pembelajaran, dan ahli media pembelajaran serta peserta didik kelas V. Penilaian yang diberikan oleh siswa terbagi dalam uji coba perorangan dan uji coba kelompok kecil. Instrumen pengumpulan data yaitu angket yang akan diisi dan kemudian data dianalisis. Data tersebut dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang sudah diperoleh dari instrumen angket yang diberikan rata-rata nilai dari review ahli materi pembelajaran 94,6% (kategori sangat baik), ahli desain pembelajaran 90% (kategori sangat baik), ahli media pembelajaran 84% (kategori baik), uji coba perorangan 95,1% (kategori sangat baik), dan uji kelompok kecil 95,3% (kategori sangat baik). Jadi berdasarkan hasil yang sudah didapatkan dari uji kelayakan pengembangan aplikasi android berbasis teori belajar Ausubel menunjukkan bahwa produk yang dikembangkan layak digunakan pada muatan IPS serta dalam proses pembelajaran.
E-LKPD Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Pada Muatan IPA Materi Perpindahan Kalor Kelas V
Authors: Pratiwi Ni Putu Shelia , Margunayasa I Gede
Published: August 2023

Pembelajaran IPA masih belum ideal karena ketersediaan materi yang ditampilkan masih kurang, beberapa siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami pelajaran IPA yang berdampak pada hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan produk e-LKPD berbasis inkuiri terbimbing pada muatan IPA materi perpindahan kalor kelas V. Penelitian ini menggunakan ADDIE. Subjek penelitian yaitu 2 akhi materi, 2 ahli media, 2 praktisi dan 10 siswa kelas V. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatf digunakan pada penelitian ini. Hasil uji validitas dan kepraktisan e-LKPD berbasis inkuiri terbimbing dianalisis menggunakan rumus persentase untuk mengetahui skor validitas dan kepraktisannya. Hasil penelitian menyatakan e-LKPD berbasis inkuiri terbimbing pada muatan IPA materi perpindahan kalor yang telah dikembangkan diperoleh skor validitas dari ahli media sebesar 95% dan skor dari ahli materi sebesar 90,5% sedangkan skor kepraktisan dari praktisi/guru sebesar 96,5% dan skor respon siswa sebesar 91,5%. Sehingga e-LKPD berbasis inkuiri terbimbing pada muatan IPA materi perpindahan kalor dinyatakan valid dan praktis dengan kualifikasi sangat baik. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah para pendidik dapat memanfaatkan e-LKPD sebagai alat untuk mengajar kepada siswa, khususnya dalam pembelajaran daring.
Dampak Penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka dalam Prespektif Filsafat Konstruktivisme pada Pendidikan Vokasi
Authors: Suryati Lili , Nizwardi Jalinus  , Rizal Abdullah  , Sri Rahmadhani
Published: August 2023

Revolusi industry 4.0 pada era abad 21 sangat banyak mempengaruhi peranan pendidikan, terutama pada pendidikan vokasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak dari implementasi kurikulum mereka dengan menggunakan pespektif filsafat kontruktivisme pada pendidikan vokasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode campuran dengan pendekatan penelitian kuatitatif dan didukung secara kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner/ angket. Teknik analisas data dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yaitu dalam memahami pembelajaran sebagai bentuk kebebasan berfikir dengan perolehan 80,25%, pembelajaran yang dilakukan sesuai dengan kondisi perkembangan zaman 78,48%, proses pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kemandirian dalam berfikir 84,6%, proses pembelajaran meningkatkan kretivitas berfikir 81,7%, kemandiarian dalam kehidupan sehari-hari 75,9%, menggemari melakukan hal-hal baru. Pendidikan Vokasi memiliki asumsi bahwa peserta didik dapat mengkontruksikan pengetahuannya sendiri melalui berbagai media yang ada dan tengah berkembang pada saat sekarang ini. Adapun Implementasi filsafat kontruktivisme dalam pendidikan vokasi  diantara yaitu penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah problem based learning dan Projec Based Learning.
Remissão total do zumbido pediátrico:
Authors: Malavolta Vitor Cantele , Bruno Rúbia Soares , Oppitz Sheila Jacques , Pasqualotto Brenda , Didoné Dayane Domeneghini , Garcia Michele Vargas
Published: August 2023

Introdução: Zumbido é um sintoma crescente na população pediátrica e sua multifatoriedade etiológica demanda amplas investigações para utilizar-se adequadas intervenções. Objetivos: relatar os efeitos de uma abordagem não medicamentosa em um caso de remissão total do zumbido pediátrico oriundo da disfunção tubária. Método: Este artigo apresenta um indivíduo com sete anos, do sexo feminino e com queixa de zumbido crônico associado a disfunção tubária, considerado escasso na literatura. Além disso, este estudo descreve as avaliações médicas (neurológica e otorrinolaringológica), a avaliação audiológica e psicoacústica do zumbido, o processo diagnóstico e a intervenção fonoaudiológica realizada. Utilizou-se uma abordagem não medicamentosa que contemplou exercícios miofuncionais orofaciais, Manobra de Valsalva e limpeza nasal. Resultados: Após um mês de intervenção, com a prática diária dos exercícios, o indivíduo estudado referiu ausência da percepção do sintoma e das demais queixas auditivas. Este resultado também foi constatado nas avaliações audiológicas. Conclusão: A abordagem não medicamentosa da disfunção tubária demonstrou bons resultados frente ao manejo do zumbido crônico, para o presente caso.
A dentição do idoso e as implicações alimentares
Authors: Moraes Morgana de Souza , Canuto Marisa Siqueira Brandão , Moreira Laura Yasmin Alves
Published: August 2023

O envelhecimento acarreta mudanças em todos os aspectos da vida, sendo caracterizado por uma modificação nas funções sociais, mentais e corporais. No Sistema Estomatoglossognático, é possível observar alterações significativas, começando pela fase preparatória da deglutição e da função de mastigação, decorrente da perda dos dentes, a qual é responsável pela trituração do alimento, formação do bolo alimentar e perda do tônus dos músculos que são responsáveis pelos movimentos mastigatórios. Esta pesquisa observou como as alterações dentárias em idosos podem repercutir na sua alimentação. Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal, com amostra de 33 idosos frequentadores da Igreja Evangélica Assembleia de Deus em Alagoas, no município de Coqueiro Seco. Foi feita aplicação de um instrumento de coleta, o qual possuía perguntas baseadas no MBGR e na escala EAT-10. Os resultados mostraram que há um grande número de idosos que fazem uso de prótese dentária, refletindo na execução da função mastigatória, escolha da consistência alimentar e aspectos socioemocionais. As próteses dentárias, quando bem adaptadas, podem gerar um ganho significativo ao paciente, permitindo uma alimentação que não interfere na sua postura social, nem em suas questões emocionais.