bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mitigating CO2 Emission Via Catalytic Conversion to Methane : a Feasibility Study of Metal Oxide Supported Nickel Based Catalysts
Authors: Abu Seman A , H. Berahim N , G.M. Noh M
Published: March 2021

Exploration and production of sour gas field raise the need for CO2 management to minimize the adverse effect of green house gas venting to the environment. It is a fine balance between the sunken value of CO2 reinjection and value creation in CO2 conversion to value product, essential in ensuring projectâ€™s economic viability. Conversion to methane is selected due to the ease of integration with current process facility. Catalytic conversion of CO2 to methane are reported here over metal oxides (Al2O3, ZrO2 and La2O3) supported Nickel base catalysts over a range of temperature and GHSV with fixed H2/CO2 molar ratio. The catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation technique at room temperature. It was then characterized with X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauerâ€“Emmettâ€“Teller (BET), Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR) and Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD). All catalyst systems showed trend of decreasing CO2 conversion when the GHSV is increased from 10000 to 15000 h-1, which is in line with short reactant contact time. The impact is more pronounced at low temperature of 300 Â°C, but at high temperature of 400 Â°C, the conversion is almost comparable irrespective of GHSV. Experimental results indicate that Ni/Al2O3 gives the highest CO2 conversion of 74% while 7% and 67% for Ni/ZrO2 and Ni/La2O3 respectively. There is a prospect for further scaling up to complement the current commercial catalyst proven for handling low concentration of CO2.Â Â Â
1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride Ionic Liquid as Inhibitor for Corrosion Protection of Mild Steel in Acidic Media
Authors: A. Ahmad Tarmizi A , Peter L , Ahtoi D , Yusof R , N.A. Syed Ismail S , A. Tholibon D
Published: March 2021

Corrosion inhibitor is a substance added to the corrosive environment in small quantities to reduce the corrosion a metal. The addition of inhibitors will reduce the corrosion rate of the metal by retarding the corrosion process on the metal surface. Thus, this study focused on the study of the effectiveness of 1- butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIM]Cl) ionic liquid as an inhibitor for corrosion protection of mild steel. Two different concentrations of [EMIM]Cl (0.05 M and 0.5 M) were tested into different concentrations of sulphuric acid (0.05M, 0.10 M, 0.15 M, 0.20 M and 0.25 M). Weight loss measurement was used to determine the effectiveness of the [EMIM]Cl as inhibitor for corrosion protection. Results showed that acid concentrations play an important role for the corrosion protection process in the presence of the inhibitor. The weight loss increases as the concentration of the acid increased. The study also revealed that the concentrations of [EMIM]Cl ionic liquid effect the performance of the inhibitor. From this study, 0.5 M of [EMIM]Cl ionic liquid shows better corrosion performance compared to 0.05 M of [EMIM]Cl. At 0.25 M of sulphuric acid, the weight loss of untreated metal increased drastically from 0.0075 g at 0.5 hour to 0.0974 g at 24 hours. After treated with 0.5 M of [EMIM]Cl, the weight loss measurement slightly increased from 0.0027 g at 0.5 hour to 0.0179 g at 24 hours. This weight loss value is lower compared to mild steel treated with 0.05 M [EMIM]Cl which is 0.0469 g at 24 hours. The performance of the inhibitor in two different type of acid was also investigated. The morphology of the untreated mild steel and mild steel treated with [EMIM]Cl was investigated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM)Â Â
Synthesis and Characterization of Alkali Free Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxide for Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil to Biodiesel: Effect of Mg/Al Ratio
Authors: Hafiza Ibrahim Erma , Ahmad Tajuddin Nazrizawati , Hamzah Noraini
Published: March 2021

The depletion of fossil fuels and the concerned toward environmental sustainability have created a considerable to alternate development of sources of energy as substitute for traditional fossil fuels. The biodiesel production has been reported to be an ideal solution as alternative diesel fuel due to its environmental benefits. Thus, the transesterification of waste cooking oil with methanol in the presence of Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (LDHs) as a heterogeneous catalyst was studied to produce the biodiesel. In this work, Mg-Al-LDH was fabricated via alkali free co-precipitation method with final Mg/Al ratio of 4:1, 3:1 and 2:1. The product of co-precipitation was undergone aging process for 24 h. Then it was placed in oven at 100 â°C overnight and finally was calcined at 450 â°C for 5 h. The correlation of crystallinity, morphology and particle size of Mg-Al-LDH before and after calcined were examined and compared. X-ray diffraction analyse (XRD) was used to study the textural and structural characteristics of the samples. Particle size, morphology and particle properties were characterize by Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) and Scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM). The bonding and structural of Mg-Al-LDH was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used for the elemental analysis of the samples. The catalytic activity was evaluated by the transesterification reaction under the following reaction condition: temperature (60 â°C-65 â°C), time (24 h) and methanol to oil ratio (15:1) .The greatest yield was 85.2% and obtained with combination of 4:1 Mg/Al ratio followed by 3:1 and 2:1 ratio.Â Â
CO2 Mineralization: Production of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate as a Method of CO2 Utilization
Authors: H. Berahim N , M. Lahuri H , G. Mohd Noh M , S. Onn M , Othman R
Published: March 2021

CO2 utilization into minerals is one of the most efficient methodologies although much research concerns the utilization of CO2 to produce chemicals. The production of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) from three different starting materials has been reported. The gas-liquid reaction is carried out by bubbling carbon dioxide into a solution of lime products with fixed parameters of 99% CO2 purity, 4.0 L/min of flow rate and 1500 rpm stirring rate at atmospheric pressure. The PCC was then characterized for X-Ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) and particle size. Experimental results indicate that the PCC produced from quick lime showed the highest yield of 17.27 g, however there is no significant difference for both carbide lime and hydrated lime at 12.04 g and 11.57 g respectively. Morphology, phase structure and particle size of PCC produced reveals insignificant influence with different starting materials. Producing PCC from CO2 and natural minerals can be a potential method of reducing CO2 emissions by locking-up CO2 in a stable mineral form, whilst at the same time turning low quality natural minerals into high valuable products.Â Â Â
Determination of Elements in Indoor Dust at Residential Buildings Nearby a Quarry Site
Authors: H. Wan Ibrahim W , M. Ahmad Zawawi E , Muhamad Darus F , A. Abu Sudin N
Published: March 2021

Fifteen residence houses at different distances from a nearby limestone quarry were chosen to determine the concentration of elements in an indoor dust study. The samples were collected using a brush and a plastic dust pan. The elements concentrations were determined by wet digestion method with analysis using inductively coupled plasmaâ€“optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The results show that the mean elements concentrations in residences houses were in the range 7.96 - 21.19, 0.21 â€“ 0.83, 1.29 â€“ 4.57, 0.14 â€“ 0.26, 0.01 â€“ 0.04 and 0.01 â€“ 0.03 mgkg-1 for Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn respectively. The elements concentration in the investigated residential buildings areas were followed the order Ca > Fe > Mg > Zn > Ni > Pb.Â  The evaluation of the elements contamination status of the indoor dust was carried out by using the geoaccumulation index (Igeo). Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) reveal that indoor dust of residential buildings was strongly polluted (Igeo > 5) with Ca, Mg and Fe.Â Â Â Â
Effect of Methane on the Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate via Carbonation Process
Authors: M. Lahuri H , H. Berahim N , S. Onn M , G.M. Noh M , Othman R
Published: March 2021

Precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) is synthetic calcium carbonate that has high purity of more than 98 wt% of CaCO3 content. Â Owing to its unique characteristic whereby its shape and size can be controlled to tailor to various applications, PCC has seen great demands in many industries such as paper, paint, plastic, food, ceramics, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and many others. Â PCC can be synthesized via various methods and the most often used method in industry is via carbonation process. Â This process has caught interest of the oil and gas industry for utilizing existing carbon dioxide waste from plant processes. Â Precipitation of PCC is carried out using hydrated lime under various conditions at different gas purity (1 mol% CH4 + 99 mol% CO2 , 40 mol% CH4 Â + 60 mol% CO2 ), different gas flowrate, and different stirring rate. Â All experiments are carried out using 1 litre of ionic solution at ambient conditions.Â  All samples are characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Particle Size Distribution, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). Â FESEM analysis shows different surface morphology for different methane content with calcite formation. Â The particle size for all PCC produced at different parameters are comparable at the range 5-9 microns depending on the mixing rate used whereas XRF results indicate very high purity of CaCO3 of more than 99 wt%.Â
Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Naphthenate Inhibitor Demulsifier from Fatty Hydrazide Derivatives
Authors: Borhan N. , Ramli A. , K. Salleh I.
Published: March 2021

The production of crude oil contained Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP)-chemical enhance oil recovery (CEOR) has a significant detrimental effect on flow assurance mainly for formation of microemulsion which is thermally stable and difficult to break and separated into clean crude oil and water phase. Quality of clean crude oil for saleability is important through achievement of crude oil dehydration in terms of basic sediment and water (BS&W) specification less than 0.5%.Â  This paper outlines a case-study where stable microemulsions were formed following mixing of crude oil and ASP brine, requiring operationally intensive remediation. Finally, novel palm oil-derived fatty hydrazide Naphthenate Inhibitor (NI)-Demulsifier were synthesized, formulated and tested using dynamic laboratory tests using a multifunctional mini flow loop (MMFL). Under dynamic laboratory test, crude oil, prepared produced water and ASP were mixed under high shear at separator temperature and pressure. The NI-demulsifiers chemical injection was carried out after microemulsions were formed before the separator, representing a wellhead injection point and for a sufficient time to allow the microemulsion system to reach equilibrium. This work demonstrates the importance of considering the impact of ASP-EOR fluids on existing emulsion and using an appropriate laboratory technique to evaluate potential mitigating treatments for oil-water separation technology. The effects of temperature and water cut on microemulsion stability are shown and the NI-demulsifier demonstrated excellence in demulsifying and dehydration at minimal dosage.Â Â
Determination of Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb in Selected rice Grain Available in Malaysia
Authors: Abd Rashid R. , A. Muda N. , Saaid M. , I. Abdul Halim M. , Mohamed K.
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the levels of heavy metals (cadmium, copper, nickel and lead) in imported and domestically produced rice grains sold in Malaysia market. A total of 10 brands of rice samples was purchased from the local market and analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Good linearity was observed over the range studied with a correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.9884-0.9999. The range values of the metals detected in rice grain samples were 0.67-0.8 mg/kg for cadmium, 2.14-7.0 mg/kg for copper, 1.85-2.68 mg/kg for nickel and 0.94-3.28 mg/kg for lead. The mean value of rice obtained were above the permitted level set by the Malaysia Food Act 1983 (Act 281) and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/ World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) (2015). The Provisional Tolerance Weekly Intake (PTWI) calculated were also above the prescribed limit except for copper.
Thermodynamic Studies of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) Adsorption on Nylon Membrane
Authors: Ideris N. , M. Roslan A.
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the nylon membraneâ€™s characteristics and thermodynamic aspects for adsorption of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a model protein on nylon membrane.Â  The morphology characteristics analyzed by FESEM and wetting and weighting technique showed the nylon membrane possessed micro-pore size (0.159Â±0.039 Âµm) with high porosity (74.2820Â±0.0411 %) respectively.Â  Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption reaction was endothermic with positive value of standard enthalpy (âˆ†rHÎ¸ = 107.7 kJ/mole) and dominated by chemical adsorption.Â  The results were supported with the analysis of functional groups of the nylon membrane with FTIR-ATR.Â  Bands corresponding to the NH bonds stretching were generally detected in the 3500-3100 cm-1 range.Â  The existence of C=O stretching vibration of carbonyl group was further confirmed with the observation of peak at 1632. 42 cm-1.Â  The water contact angle analysis showed the hydrophilicity nature of nylon membrane with contact angle of 55.6Â°.Â  These findings are expected to be used in the modification of nylon membrane for an optimum adsorption of protein. Â Â
Extraction of Eco-Friendly Natural Dyes from Pina Leaves and their Application on Wool Fabrics
Authors: J. Jalil A. , Mahmood S. , H. Abdul Rashid A. , H. Nasir S. , A. Ibrahim S. , R. Ahmad M.
Published: March 2021

Natural dyes comprise of colorants that are obtained from animals or vegetable matters without any chemical processing. Natural dyes can substitute synthetic dye and promotes green technology initiatives in the field of textile dyeing. This study was carried out by extracting dyes from pineapple leaves (Ananas Comosus) using three stage mordanting methods using different mordants namely pre-mordanting, post-mordanting and simultaneous dyeing-mordanting. The mordants used were aluminium potassium sulphate, white vinegar and sodium chloride (NaCl). Wool fabrics were used for dyeing. The strength of colour and K/S values of the dyed fabrics were measured before and after washing. The colourfastness to washing, rubbing and light fastness of the fabrics were conducted to investigate the performance of the dye and mordants. The results indicate that the washing, rubbing and light fastness properties of dyed samples were between good to excellent grades.Â Â
Metal Selectivity of Hevea Protein Isolated from Natural Rubber Latex Skim Serum
Authors: Tahir H. , Misran M. , R. Othman M. , N. Ibrahim N.
Published: March 2021

Hevea protein isolated from skim serum, a by-product of centrifugation process, contains useful proteins in extracting metal. It can be used directly from the source or purified before reacting with metal solutions. Those proteins bind with metal at varying degrees. Upon exposure from as low as 2 ppm concentration to up to 20 ppm metal solution concentration, different binding characteristics were seen. The reasons of such inconsistency in the characteristics might be due to the existence of some of the metal itself in the NRL serum. Mg++ and Zn++ are common metal found in NRL products and those metals would show the slightest in binding with hevea protein. Other metals which were covered in this scope of study shows a good binding characteristics disregard of the group of metals belongs. Selectivity was measured from the final concentration of metal in percentage. In most cases, lead, copper and cadmium show good interaction with hevea proteins.Â
Interfacial Shear Strength of Kenaf Single Fibre Reinforced Polyester Matrix: Observation of Fibre Fracture and Matrix Debonding
Authors: N. Zakaria M. , Crosky A. , Beehag A.
Published: March 2021

This paper describes an analysis of the parameters that affect the interfacial properties of kenaf fibre reinforced with polyester matrix. Kenaf fibre bundles were subjected to water treatment through soaking and ultrasonication technique. The specimens of dumbbell shape were fabricated containing kenaf single fibres embedded in polyester matrix. The interfacial shear strength was determined through single fibre fragmentation test. This test was used as a means of investigation, and the observation of fibre fracture and matrix debonding was done using ligt microscope equipped with polarizer light.Â Â
Impact Resistance of 3D Woven Composites Impacted by Different Impactor Shapes
Authors: P.C. Aiman D. , F. Yahya M. , R. Ahmad M. , A. Ghani S.
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate impact resistance of 3D woven composites, impacted by three different impactor shapes. An experimental study was carried out to compare the impact resistance on four types of 3D woven fiberglass composites. Impact resistance test will be performed using standard method ASTM D2444, with a set up initial impact energy is 20 J, velocity of 3.4901 m/s, height of 0.6163m and mass applied is 3.29 kg. Three different impactor shapes which are hemispherical, conical and ogival were used for testing woven fabric composite impact test. Hand lay-up technique was used to fabricate the composites. From results, 4 float Layer-to-layer Interlock (4L) gave the highest impact resistance for all impactor shapes with 6258.0 N for hemispherical impactor, 4000.1 N for conical impactor and 3750.7 N for ogival impactor. Ogival impactor tends to penetrate the woven composite samples better compared to conical and hemispherical impactors.Â
Effect of La3+ Substitution at Bi-Site on Transport Properties of Bi0.3-xLaxPr0.3Ca0.4Mn0.1Cr0.9MnO3
Authors: Ibrahim Norazila , Asmira Amaran Nor , Mohamed Zakiah , Kamal Yahya Ahmad
Published: March 2021

Magnetic and electronic transport properties of Bi0.3-xLaxPr0.3Ca0.4Mn0.1Cr0.9O3 (0â‰¤xâ‰¤0.2) manganites have been investigated by measurements of AC-susceptibility, resistivity and magnetoresistance. The samples were prepared using conventional solid-state synthesis method. Magnetic susceptibility versus temperature measurements showed all samples exhibit ferromagnetic to paramagnetic transition with Curie temperature, Tc enhanced from 111 K (x=0) to 174 K (x=0.2). Electrical resistivity measurements of the samples in zero field showed increase of metal-insulator (MI) transition temperature from 58 K(x=0) to 88 K(x=0.2). The increase in both Tc and TMI indicates enhancement of double exchange (DE) interaction involving Mn3+ and Mn4+ ions as a result of weakening of the hybridization effect between Bi3+ 6s2 lone pair with O orbital due to La3+ substitution.Â  La substitution in the Bi-based compound is suggested reduce MnO6 octahedral distortion hence increasing delocalization of charge carriers. The observed variation in MR behavior due to La substitution indicates the substitution influence the MR mechanism of extrinsic and intrinsic behavior in Bi0.3-xLaxPr0.3Ca0.4Mn0.1Cr0.9O3 .Â
Endurance of Renewable Polymer Composite to UV Irradiation
Authors: Normunira Mat Hassan Nik , Zafiah Mohd Rus Anika , Mohamed Yusop Fatimah , Marsi Noraini , Sulong Nurulsaidatulsyida , Abu Bakar Bachik , Abd Rashid Razlin , Afzanizam Samiran Nor
Published: March 2021

Polymer degradation occurs under the influence of sunlight and almost all polymer require stabilization to resist the adverse effect. The polymer degradation leads to discoloration when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. In this study the renewable polymer composite was produce by preparation of renewable monomer from waste vegetable oil, crosslink with polymethane polyphenyl isocyanate, distilled water and titanium dioxide (TiO2) as filler. The fabrication method of renewable polymer composite in which to produce RF and its composites (RFC) by manual casting method while for CR and CRC using hot compression moulding technique. The density, porosity and morphology structure of RF, RFC, CR and CRC were measured endurance to UV irradiation exposure for a period of 1000 hours by UV Whetherometer apparatus. The density of RF and RFC exhibit no significant changes after UV irradiation exposure while porosity shows decrease with increasing of percentage of TiO2 filler loading. The morphology structure measurement gives no significant changes of pore cell size of renewable polymer with the increased of filler loading and UV irradiation exposure by different fabrication technique. From observation, discoloration of RF and RFC is less dark as compared to CR and CRC. This is due to the different fabrication technique gives some effects for surface of renewable polymer due to application of heat during hot compression technique. The discoloration surface structure of RF, RFC, CR and CRC were changed from yellow to dark yellow colour after UV irradiation exposure. This is due to formation of quinone structure product produced from the photolysis of renewable polymer under UV irradiation exposure. Hence, TiO2 is used for UV absorber to delay discoloration on the surface of renewable polymer.Â
Application of Douglass-Gunn ADI Scheme on Diffusion Model with Different Noise Level for Image Denoising
Authors: Aimi Abdul Aziz Nur , Abd Halim Suhaila
Published: March 2021

Noise level is the amount of noise that corrupted the clear image in order to test on the filtering method of an algorithm proposed for image denoising. Most of the existing filtering techniques are able to remove noise but unable to preserve the image detail well and hence causing the blurring effect. Due to that, the objectives of this paper are to propose and implement Douglas-Gunn Alternating Direction Implicit (DG-ADI) on Anisotropic Diffusion (AD) model. Then, measure the performance of the proposed scheme with different level of noise. PDE based model is applied with the unconditional stable of DG-ADI scheme to remove the noise that corrupted the images. The AD model is used for preserving the image structures and edges. In this paper, a set of grayscale images from standard database is being filtered with three different noise levels in order to measure the performance of the proposed schemes. The performance of the proposed scheme is measured using the Mean Structural Similarity Index (MSSIM), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Universal Image Quality Index (UIQI) and processing time. The implementation of the algorithm is completed using MATLAB R2013a. Experimental results show that the DG-ADI scheme able to remove noise with different noise level. The used of DG-ADI scheme in solving the AD model can remove the noise well without destroy the structure of image with appropriate parameters setting in grayscale image.
Estimating Efficiency Performance of Decision-Making Unit by using SFA and DEA Method: A Cross-Sectional Data Approach
Authors: Arsad Roslah , Isa Zaidi , Nabilah Mohd Shaari Siti
Published: March 2021

In this paper, a cross-sectional samples data of 115 Malaysian stocks have been employed to compare both Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) method. These approaches are used to provide a review of frontier conceptual measurement, strength and limitation of the parametric and non-parametric models. Stochastic frontier production function of Cobb-Douglas type was utilized for the estimation. The function was estimated using the maximum likelihood estimation technique. Two models in DEA, DEA-CCR and DEA-BCC are applied in this study and the ranking correlation between SFA method and both models DEA are determined by using the Spearman rank method. The result revealed using SFA, the mean technical efficiency of sample consumer product companies is 37.5% and implies that companies operating at means level of technical efficiency could produce 80.1% more output for given level of inputs if they become technically more efficient. From empirical results of the SFA method, we determined that the deviations from the efficient frontiers of production functions are largely attributed to inefficiency effects (technical inefficiency). Finally, the findings also showed that the difference in ranking stocks performance using DEA-CCR, DEA-BCC and SFA methods. The main contribution of the paper is showing the comparative performance based on both model, DEA and SFA method using financial ratio.
Survey on Environmental Care among UiTM Campus Tapah Student on Solid Waste Management using Mean Score and
Authors: Husna Jamian Nural , Zulkipli Faridah , Zulaikha Zulkifli Ilya , Mohd Nopiah Zulkifli
Published: March 2021

The study is focusing on the environmental care components in solid waste management among students at UiTM Campus Tapah. This study is conducted through a questionnaire and involved a total of 354 students. The environment care components are consisting of knowledge, practice, attitude, perception and awareness. Statistical analysis of mean score and t-test are conducted in order to analyze the data collected. The results of the survey are highlighted that majority of the UiTM Tapah students had high knowledge level towards environmental care; and had very good practice in environment cleanliness; had a moderate concern on attitude, and the majority of the students had moderate perception in term of understanding and practicing solid waste separation and finally majority of students know their personal accountability towards environment care based on awareness component. As a conclusion, environmental care among students shows positive responses in Awareness, Practice, Attitude, Knowledge and Perception towards sustainable solid waste management in future.Â Â
The Effectiveness of Gamification in Learning Indices and Logarithm
Authors: Ahmad Samsiah , Hafizah Zainal Abidin Nurul , Ahmad Kardri Mahani , Liza Saad Nor
Published: March 2021

The use of gamification in learning has become a new approach nowadays. This approach helps the learning process to be much more fun and easy to follow. Since students may have some difficulties in understanding the mathematics concepts if they learned using the conventional approach. This paper presents a study on a game development by using the mechanics, dynamics, aesthetic (MDA) framework to study the topic of indices and logarithms. The result shows that student enjoyed the gamification approach and they are able to perform better on the topic of indices and logarithm.Â Â Â
Towards Academic Successor Selection Modelling with Genetic Algorithm in Multi-Criteria Problems
Authors: Zukreena Zakuan Atiqa , Abdul-Rahman Shuzlina , Jantan Hamidah , . .
Published: March 2021

Succession planning is a subset of talent management that deals with multi-criteria and uncertainties which are quite complicated, ambiguous, fuzzy and troublesome. Besides that, the successor selection involves the process of searching the best candidate for a successor for an optimal selection decision. In an academic scenario, the quality of academic staff contributes to achieving goals and improving the performance of the university at the international level. The process of selecting appropriate academic staff requires good criteria in decision-making. The best candidate's position and criteria for the selection of academic staff is the responsibility of the Human Resource Management (HRM) to select the most suitable candidate for the required position. The various criteria that are involved in selecting academic staff includes research publication, teaching skills, personality, reputation and financial performance. Previously, most studies on multi-criteria decision-making adopt Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP). However, this method is more complex because it involved many steps and formula and may not produce the optimum results. Therefore, Genetic Algorithm (GA) is proposed in this research to address this problem in which a fitness function for the successor selection is based on the highest fitness value of each chromosome.Â  Â Â
Wayfinding for Pedestrians: Overview of the Role of Sidewalk Design
Authors: Lesmana Widi , Hidayah Retna , Bruri Triyono Mochamad , Dahar Minghat Asnul , Salina Mustakim Siti
Published: March 2021

The primary aim of this study was to describe the pattern of pedestrian movement and the main cause of studentsâ€™ selection in choosing those particular route. A qualitative research method was utilized for the purpose of data collection via an interview data retrieval technique. Findings were transcribed, coded, and analyzed manually. Findings indicated that studentsâ€™ difficulties in finding Rectorate Building were 27.5%. There were 75% of students who receive information for directions from the results of questioning with other students in the campus, while those who only read the guide map were only 25%. There were 55% of students choose route based on the closest distance, while comfort factor is 11.25%. Only 71.25% students use sidewalks, while those who do not always use pavements were 28.75%. Viewed from gender, it was indicated that difficulties in finding Rectorate Building was 44.7% from male and 38.1% from female. 60.5% of male and 73.8% of female prefer to ask verbally to find travel information, while 39.5% of male and 26.2% of female would read the guide map. 59.5% female and 31.5% of male prefer the shortest route. The users of sidewalks were 52.6% male and 69.2% female. This study contributes to the implementation and integration of sustainable green campus in Indonesia.Â  Â
The Needs of Street Furniture in the Pedestrian on Urip Sumoharjo Yogyakarta Street
Authors: Berlian Putrayasa Ilham , Hidayah Retna , Dahar Minghat Asnul
Published: March 2021

The background of the pedestrian in Urip Sumoharjo Yogyakarta street which conditions are not comfortable for pedestrians to pass, so as to improve the comfort of the pedestrian, in this study try to understand street furniture needed for pedestrian comfort in pedestrians on Urip Sumoharjo Yogyakarta street. Data was collected using a survey method with a questionnaire containing closed questions. The data analysis technique used in this research is quantitative descriptive data analysis. Based on the results of the study showed that men prefer to walk than women, the time when people decide to walk most choose when they go to exercise, the distance traveled by people when deciding to walk is 300-600 meters, street furniture is very much needed for pedestrian comfort in the pedestrian on Urip Sumoharjo Yogyakarta street are street lights, bins, seating, and public toilets. While pedestrians are needed enough are traffic signs, shelters, bollards, and road guardrail. Pedestrians need less is flower pots, fountains and warnings, and waste containers.Â Â
Utilizing Web Based Learning as 21st Century Learning Media for Vocational Education
Authors: Dika Tria Puspitasari Ervina , Dwi Surjono Herman , Dahar Minghat Asnul
Published: March 2021

This study examines the development of information technology that focuses on the use of web based learning as a learning medium in the world of vocational education. Web-based learning provides convenience for students in learning activities such as increasing productivity, flexible and interactive. The results obtained from several literature studies from journal articles, opinion papers, conceptual papers, etc. were analyzed for content related to the use of web based learning in the world of vocational education. The result of the literature review in this paper is that E-learning is a learning process that is poured through internet technology, with the principle of simple, personal, and fast need to be considered. Therefore, the principles and communication of learning need to be designed like conventional learning. The need for developing the right e-learning learning model according to needs. Web base learning is a learning model that requires technological tools, especially information technology such as computers and internet access. In practice, web base learning utilizes internet facilities as a medium for delivering information (material) learning such as websites, e-mail, mailing lists, and news groups. The planned use of web-based learning technology has proven to provide a significant contribution to the world of education, especially for vocational education that requires students to think critically. In implementing web based learning, there are several factors that need to be considered such as supporting facilities and infrastructure, users (students as users and teachers/lecturers/experts as material presenter), readiness of online materials and costs.Â  Â
Implementation Analysis on Society-Based Hospital Concept with Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) Technology
Authors: Yustim Benny , . .
Published: March 2021

The high mortality rate of pregnant women in Indonesia due to the low monitoring of their health conditions needs to get special attention from all interested parties. Recording of the development of the health of pregnant women in the Cohort book at the Puskesmas or Clinic is currently only used as a routine when examining pregnant women and has not been used optimally. Data stored in the Cohort book can basically be used as an indicator of the health development of pregnant women, but technology is needed that can monitor and disseminate existing information so that relevant parties can use the information. The application of the concept of Society-Based Hospital, can be one solution for monitoring the condition of pregnant women so that action can be followed up. This concept involves hospitals in a particular area to reduce the limited resources of specialist doctors who are not owned by the Puskesmas or Clinic. The application of the RSBM concept and supported by existing technology, is expected to disseminate information to all relevant parties, so that it can provide rapid action, so as to reduce the high maternal and child mortality rates.Â
Effect of Adding Porcelain and Glass Powder Mixture on Epoxy Properties
Authors: Ali Salih Yaseen , Faeq Yass Mohammed , Shihab Ahmed Ahmed , I. Abdulla Aziz
Published: March 2021

In this research, porcelain powder and glass was added by 0.25% (0.15% porcelain powder and 0.1% glass powder) to the epoxy used in the concrete strengthening. The addition improved epoxy properties and reduced the cost. The results showed that the addition of porcelain and glass powder decrease the interaction temperature by 11.37%, epoxy flow by 10.41%, and increase the compressive strength by 7.61%. Upon testing the improved epoxy cubes under the effect of temperatures up to 200áµ’ C compression resistance decreased by 6.36%, while both modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity improved by (1.03% and 4.11%) respectively. The epoxy was tested and used to strengthen reinforced concrete beams and tests showed good improvement in flexural properties.Â
Corrosion of Platinum Nanocoatings Thin Films Deposited by Sputtering Deposition Method for Medical Applications
Authors: Haitham M. Wadullah Asst. Prof. Dr. , Sami  Abualnoun Ajeel Prof.Dr. , Muna Khethier Abbass Prof.Dr . , Mohammed Younus Hussein Eng . , . .
Published: March 2021

Platinum (Pt.) thin films have been deposited by Magnetron Sputtering Deposition method with 25 nm and 50 nm thickness by used power RF for deposited 5 nm Titanium (Ti) firstly then used DC for deposited Platinum (Pt) on Ni-Cr alloy substrate. SEM/EDX and Ellipsometry Spectroscopy have been used to investigate the morphology, element analysis, nanothickness and roughness of the thin films respectively. Electrochemical corrosion tests have been used to analyze the localized corrosion resistance by used cyclic polarization, Tafel extrapolation and open circuit potential (o.c.p) methods on artificial saliva solution at 37Â  Â±1 oC. The results show the ability to deposit 5 nm of Ti before deposited of Pt. film to improve the adhesive of the films, nanostructure morphology of the Pt. film without defect or microcracks, nanocoatings thickness of Pt. film, and high localized corrosion resistance in artificial saliva corrosive media.Â Â
Prediction the Manningâ€™s Coefficient by HEC-RAS for Al-Meshkab River
Authors: Hadi Sahib Jumana , . . , . .
Published: March 2021

The Manning's coefficient represents the roughness characteristics of the channel, which directly affects open channel calculations. In this study, it been calculated which estimation of Manning's coefficient (n) by some of the collected data .The remaining data is utilized for check of the model testing with actual data, which is called verification. The model was adopted by a one-dimensional mathematical by using the HEC-RAS program. The region was studied at the upstream of the Al-Meshkab Barrage, where data were collected in 2010. The coefficient of Manning's roughness (n) is given well agreement between computed data and observed data at n equal to (0.031) for Al-Meshkab River. Â Â Â
A Survey on Intermediate Data Management for Big Data and Internet of Things
Authors: Nihad Marwah , Hassan Alaa , Ibrahim Nadia
Published: March 2021

The field internet of things and Big Data has become a necessity in our everyday lives due to the broadening of its technology and the exponential increase in devices, services, and applications that drive different types of data. This survey shows the study of Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, data management, and intermediate data. The survey discusses intermediate data on Big Data and Internet of Things (IoT) and how it is managed. Internet of Things (IoT) is an essential concept of a new technology generation. It is a vision that allows the embedded devices or sensors to be interconnected over the Internet. The future Internet of Things (IoT) will be greatly presented by the massive quantity of heterogeneous networked embedded devices that generate intensively "Big data". Referring to the term intermediate data as the information that is provoked as output data along the process. However, this data is temporary and is erased as soon as you run a model or a sample tool. Also, the existence of intermediate data in both of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data are explained. Here, various aspects of the internet of things, Big Data, intermediate data and data management will be reviewed. Moreover, the schemes for managing this data and its framework are discussed.Â Â
Investigating the Behavior of Concrete and Mortar Reinforced with Aluminum Waste Strips
Authors: Shakir Muwashee Rawa , Athab Al-Jameel Hamid , Abdulhameed Jabai Qusay
Published: March 2021

Composite  concrete such as fiber reinforced concrete is widely used in structures because of its excellent properties such as compressive, flexural and tensile strengths and also high modulus of elasticity because it gives lower strain values under loading and too fewer cracks propagation. In this study, Aluminum strips was prepared by cutting the Coca- Cola cans as strips in concrete. The reason of using Aluminum strip is low density and good tensile strength (about 310 MPa) and also has a good ductility.  The results of this study show good improvements in compressive, tensile and  flexural strengths using 117 tested specimens for both concrete and mortar. In brief, about 22 % increment in compressive strength of Aluminum strip concrete  and flexural strength increases from 3.31 MPa to 11.20 MPa when using Aluminum strips with 2.5 % by volume of concrete. The reinforced mortar with Aluminum strips demonstrates significant increments which are 27% for compressive strength and more than 100% for both flexural and tensile strengths comparing with reference mix.
Political Budget Cycle, Tax Collection, and Yardstick Competition
Authors: Ferraresi Massimiliano
Published: March 2021

This paper exploits the political cycle of Italian municipalities to test for the presence of strategic interactions in the collection of local taxation. The revenue from the personal income tax surcharge—a tax tool of low salience—is (positively) plagued by political manipulation and is found to be a strategic complement, but only when mayors run for re-election, a finding consistent with the yardstick competition hypothesis. More salient fiscal tools, such as property tax and user fees and charges, are also (negatively) affected by budget cycles, but they do not appear to be spatially correlated.
Fabrication and characterization of thermoresponsive composite carriers: PNIPAAm-grafted glass spheres
Authors: Fan Xiaoguang , Wu Liyan , Yang Lei
Published: March 2021

Processing capacity and product yield of three-dimensional (3D) smart responsive carriers are markedly superior to those of two-dimensional substrates with the same compositions due to the special structure; therefore, more attempts have been made to develop the 3D intelligent systems in recent decades. A novel preparation strategy of thermoresponsive glass sphere-based composite carriers was reported in this study. First, PNIPAAm copolymers were synthesized by free-radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPM), and 3-trimethoxysilypropyl methacrylate (TMSPM). Then, the copolymer solution was sprayed on the surfaces of glass spheres using a self-made bottom-spray fluidized bed reactor, and the bonding between copolymers and glass spheres was fabricated by thermal annealing to form PNIPAAm copolymer/glass sphere composite carriers. The coating effects of PNIPAAm copolymers on sphere surfaces were investigated, including characteristic functional groups, surface microstructure, grafting density, equilibrium swelling, as well as biocompatibility and potential application for cell culture. The results show that the temperature-responsive PNIPAAm copolymers can be linked to the surfaces of glass spheres by bottom-spray coating technology, and the copolymer layers can be formed on the sphere surfaces. The composite carriers have excellent thermosensitivity and favorable biocompatibility, and they are available for effective cell adhesion and spontaneous cell detachment by the use of smart responsiveness.
Circulating Inhibitory Factor 1 levels in adult patients with Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Delvecchio Maurizio , Grugni Graziano , Mai Stefania , Favoino Elvira , Ingletto Annalisa , Gnoni Antonio
Published: March 2021

Objectives

Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic syndrome characterized by hyperphagia and early development of morbid obesity. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are major comorbidities in these patients leading to premature death. Inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) works as a regulatory protein, inhibiting the ATP hydrolase activity of mitochondrial ATP synthase and likely playing a role in lipid metabolism. We aimed to assay IF1 in adult patients with PWS evaluating any relationship with clinical, genetic and biochemical parameters.

Methods

We recruited 35 adult patients with genetically confirmed PWS.

Results

IF1 serum concentration displayed a normal distribution with an average value of 70.7 ± 22.6 pg/mL, a median value of 66.1 pg/mL. It was above the reference range only in one patient. All parameters were compared from both sides of IF1 median without displaying any significant differences. Patients with normal or low HDL-cholesterol did not present any difference as regards IF1 levels, which were not different between patients with and without MetS. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) serum levels (r=0.623; p<0.001) showed a statistically significant correlation with IF1. Cholesterol and its fractions did not present any correlation with IF1.

Conclusions

In this study we do not confirm that HDL-cholesterol and IF1 are correlated, but we show that in adult PWS patients, NEFA are correlated with serum IF1. This protein could play a role to some extent in determining the complex metabolic alterations in PWS patients.
Evaluation of Y chromosome microdeletions and chromosomal anomalies in infertile men
Authors: Oz Ozlem
Published: March 2021

Objectives

Chromosome anomalies and Y chromosome microdeletions are one of the reasons that can be seen in infertile patients and affect fertility. In this study, it was aimed to determine the frequencies of chromosomal anomalies and Y chromosome microdeletions in primary infertile male patients.

Methods

We included 374 patients with primary infertility in this study. Cytogenetic analysis was performed with the GTG banding technique by using trypsin and Giemsa stain. Y microdeletion analysis was studied by multiplex polymerase chain reaction using 28 Y chromosome-specific sequence-tagged sites.

Results

Chromosomal irregularities were detected in 27 (7.22%) of infertile cases. It was observed that 7 (25.92%) of chromosomal irregularities detected in cases were in autosomal and 20 (%74.08) were in gonosomal chromosomes. The incidence of Y chromosome microdeletion was 1.07% (4/374) and the microdeletions were observed in AZFb, AZFc and AZFd regions. AZFc + AZFd deletion was detected in three patients (0.81%) and AZFb + AZFc + AZFd deletion in one patient (0.26%).

Conclusions

In conclusion, gonosomal chromosome irregularity was higher than autosomal chromosome irregularity in infertile men. The frequency of Y microdeletion has different rates according to some factors such as ethnic differences of patients, patient selection criteria, differences in the number of cases, and methodological aspects.
Emergent bilinguals in a digital world: a dynamic analysis of long-term L2 development in (pre)primary school children
Authors: Pfenninger Simone E.
Published: March 2021

In this study, I present dense, longitudinal data exploring the insights that a Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST) perspective can bring to bear on patterns of relationships found between learner individual differences – notably age of onset (AO) and extracurricular L2 English use – in children in (pre)primary programs in Switzerland. We studied 71 children who had received 50/50 bilingual instruction in German and English (so-called “partial CLIL” programs) as well as 105 children in “minimal CLIL” programs with almost uniquely monolingual German instruction (90% German, 10% English). In the data analysis, (1) generalized additive mixed modeling (GAMM) was combined with (2) mixed-effects regression modeling. The findings show that AO may exert an effect on L2 performance in bilingual but not traditional instructional settings. Furthermore, contact with English outside school is a strong predictor for learner outcome, regardless of the intensity of instruction and an early or late start respectively. We conclude that the traditional view of the age factor in instructional settings needs to give way to a new understanding of L2 development in intensive exposure conditions, in which age of acquisition is seen as a major determinant.
Joining forces to administer COVID-19 vaccines
Authors: Johnson Kenneth H.
Published: March 2021

The national vaccination effort for novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is among the greatest operational challenges America has ever faced, the success of which depends upon reaching communities across the United States. In this Commentary, the Executive Dean of Ohio University’s Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine (OUHCOM) describes the logistics and processes of vaccine delivery at OUHCOM, both on campus and beyond. Among those logistical considerations is a partnership with the local health department and hospital system, as well as student involvement in vaccination efforts.