bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Involuntary, Non-Therapeutic Sterilisation of Women and Girls with an Intellectual Disability
Authors: Tobin John , Luke Elliot
Published: March 2014

This paper examines whether the involuntary, non-therapeutic sterilisation of women and girls with an intellectual disability can ever be justified under international law. There has been a tendency by international human rights bodies and advocates who are opposed to this practice to argue that rights such as equality, non-discrimination and bodily integrity prohibit such treatment without free and informed consent. However, a substantive engagement with human rights reveals that in limited circumstances, an involuntary sterilisation of a woman or girl with a profound intellectual disability will be justified where there is no reasonably available alternative and the procedure is necessary to secure her right to health.
Do Australian Fire Brigades Owe a Common Law Duty of Care?
Authors: Eburn Michael
Published: March 2014

The law regarding the fire service’s liability for alleged negligence in the way they plan for or respond to a fire is reasonably untested. This paper reports on three cases that were decided in 2012 by the Supreme Courts of New South Wales, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory. It is argued that the weight of authority is that the fire brigades are established to provide fire services for the common good, not for individual benefit, and the financial burden of unfortunate operational decisions should be borne by insurers or by the uninsured. Even so, two Supreme Courts have arrived at different conclusions with respect to the question of whether or not the NSW Rural Fire Service owes a common law duty of care to those at risk from bushfire. It is therefore argued that the issue of duty of care would benefit from a determination by the High Court of Australia.
The Growing Acknowledgement of Wrongful Conviction
Authors: Weathered Lynne
Published: March 2014

The wrongful conviction of innocent people is being acknowledged in an increasing number of countries around the world. The problem of wrongful conviction is now framed as an international human rights issue. More attention is being given to whether criminal justice systems are providing sufficient measures for the effective review and rectification of wrongful convictions and whether international obligations in that regard are being met. England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Norway, Canada and the United States have substantial new mechanisms in place to better identify and correct wrongful convictions but Australia has been slower to respond. While some Australian states have introduced reforms such as DNA innocence testing and a new appeal avenue, many issues remain as highlighted in recent debates as to whether Australia should establish a Criminal Cases Review Commission.
Fast frequency tracking
Authors: Prokopenko I. G. , Omelchuk I. P. , Chyrka Yu. D. , Vovk V. Yu.
Published: March 2014

A method of periodical signal frequency tracking by the frequency-locked loops is proposed. Increasing of frequency adjustment accuracy is achieved by using of a new fast frequency discriminator, based on estimates of an instantaneous frequency. Reasonability of an input signal pre-filtering in case of nonlinear distortions, harmonics interferences and strong noise is proved.
Subsurface and through-wall SAR imaging techniques for ground penetrating radar
Authors: Unal M. , Caliskan A. , Turk A. S. , Bakbak P. O.
Published: March 2014

This paper presents some useful signal processing and synthetic aperture radar imaging techniques for ultra-wide band (UWB) ground penetrating radar. Novel UWB antenna structures are experimentally designed in this work. Raw and processed data collected in the course of experimental studies of subsurface sensing and through-wall imaging scenarios are demonstrated in B-scan and C-scan target images.
Operational performance of the primary transport telecommunication network of Ukraine
Authors: Bondarenko O. V. , Kostik B. Ya. , Stepanov D. N. , Levenberg E. V.
Published: March 2014

The paper presents statistical data on the number, nature and causes of the damage to underground fiber-optic communication lines, on which the transport telecommunication primary network is based, using an example of Donetsk and Lugansk regions for the period between 2001 and 2010. Comparison of these characteristics with the values of similar parameters over 2001—2005 allows to develop recommendations for the improvement of the reliability of telecommunication networks.
The Process of Scientific Inquiry as It Relates to the Creation/Evolution Controversy
Authors: Miller Jon S. , Toth Ronald
Published: March 2014

We describe how the increased level of religiosity in the United States is correlated with the resistance to the teaching of evolution and argue that this is a social, rather than scientific, issue. Our goal is to foster teachers’ understanding of the philosophy of biology and encourage them to proactively deal with creationism at all levels, not just in the biology classroom.
Characterization and prevalence of severe primary IGF1 deficiency in a large cohort of French children with short stature
Authors: Teissier R , Flechtner I , Colmenares A , Lambot-Juhan K , Baujat G , Pauwels C , Samara-Boustani D , Beltrand J , Simon A , Thalassinos C , Crosnier H , Latrech H , Pinto G , Le Merrer M , Cormier-Daire V , Souberbielle J C , Polak M
Published: March 2014

Objective

The prevalence of severe primary IGF1 deficiency (IGFD) is unclear. IGFD must be identified promptly as treatment with recombinant human IGF1 (rhIGF1) is now available. Our objective was to characterize and assess the prevalence of severe primary IGFD in a large cohort of patients evaluated for short stature at a pediatric endocrinology unit in France.

Design

Observational study in a prospective cohort.

Methods

Consecutive patients referred to our unit between 2004 and 2009 for suspected slow statural growth were included. Patients were classified into eight etiological categories. IGFD was defined by height ≤−3 SDS, serum IGF1 levels <2.5th percentile, GH sufficiency, and absence of causes of secondary IGFD.

Results

Out of 2546 patients included, 337 (13.5%) were born small for gestational age and 424 (16.9%) had idiopathic short stature. In these two categories, we identified 30 patients who met our criterion for IGFD (30/2546, 1.2%). In these 30 patients, we assessed the response to IGF1 generation test, time course of IGF1 levels, and efficiency of GH replacement therapy. The results indicated that only four of the 30 children were definite or possible candidates for rhIGF1 replacement therapy.

Conclusion

The prevalence of severe primary IGFD defined using the standard criterion for rhIGF1 treatment was 1.2%, and only 0.2% of patients were eligible for rhIGF1 therapy.
Prion (PrPC) expression in ovine uteroplacental tissues increases after estrogen treatment of ovariectomized ewes and during early pregnancy
Authors: Johnson Mary Lynn , Grazul-Bilska Anna T , Reynolds Lawrence P , Redmer Dale A
Published: March 2014

Scrapie in sheep is spread laterally by placental transmission of an infectious misfolded form (PrPSc) of a normal prion protein (PrPC) used as a template in PrPSc formation. We hypothesized that PrPC would be expressed in uterine and placental tissues and estradiol-17β (E2) would affect uterine PrPC expression. PrPC expression was evaluated in the uterus of long-term ovariectomized (OVX) ewes treated with an E2implant for 2–24 h and in uteroplacental tissues from day 20 to day 30 of pregnancy. Expression ofPrPCmRNA and PrPC protein increased in the uterus after E2treatment of OVX ewes. In the maternal placenta, expression ofPrPCmRNA and PrPC protein were unchanged, but in the fetal membranes (FM)PrPCmRNA and PrPC protein expression increased from day 20 to day 28. In the nonpregnant uterus, PrPC protein was immunolocalized at apical borders of the surface epithelium, in outer smooth muscle layers of large blood vessels, and in scattered stromal cells of the deep intercaruncular areas of the uterus. In the maternal placenta, PrPC protein was immunolocalized in the cytoplasm of flattened luminal epithelial cells apposed to the FM, whereas in the FM PrPC protein was in trophoblast cells and was also in several tissues of the developing embryo during early pregnancy. These data linking estrogen stimulation to increases in PrPC expression in uteroplacental tissues suggest that PrPC has a specific function during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. Future studies should determine whether or not estrogen influences PrPC expression in other tissues, such as the nervous system and brain.
Fetal Onset Ventriculomegaly and Subependymal Cysts in a Pyridoxine Dependent Epilepsy Patient
Authors: Jain-Ghai Shailly , Mishra Navin , Hahn Cecil , Blaser Susan , Mercimek-Mahmutoglu Saadet
Published: March 2014

Pyridoxine dependent epilepsy (PDE) is caused by mutations in the ALDH7A1 gene encoding α-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase. The classic clinical presentation is neonatal seizures responsive only to pyridoxine therapy. White matter abnormalities, corpus callosum agenesis or hypoplasia, megacisterna magna, cortical dysplasia, neuronal heterotopias, intracerebral hemorrhage, and hydrocephalus in neuroimaging have been reported in patients with PDE. We report a new patient with asymmetric progressive ventriculomegaly noted on fetal sonography at 22 weeks’ gestation. Postnatal brain sonography on day 1 and MRI on day 5 confirmed bilateral asymmetric ventriculomegaly caused by bilateral subependymal cysts. Intractable seizures at age 7 days initially responded to phenobarbital. Markedly elevated urinary α-aminoadipic acid semialdehyde levels and compound heterozygous mutations in the ALDH7A1 gene (c.446C>A/c.919C>T) confirmed the diagnosis of PDE caused by ALDH7A1 genetic defect. Despite the presence of structural brain malformations and subependymal cysts, PDE should always be included in the differential diagnosis of neonatal seizures that are refractory to treatment with antiepileptic drugs.
Improving Immunization Rates in a Hospital-Based Primary Care Practice
Authors: Bottino Clement J. , Cox Joanne E. , Kahlon Prerna Singh , Samuels Ronald C.
Published: March 2014

OBJECTIVE:

We implemented a quality improvement initiative aimed at reaching a 95% immunization rate for patients aged 24 months. The setting was a hospital-based pediatric primary care practice in Boston, Massachusetts. We defined immunization as full receipt of the vaccine series as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

METHODS:

The initiative was team-based and structured around 3 core interventions: systematic identification and capture of target patients, use of a patient-tracking registry, and patient outreach and care coordination. We measured monthly overall and modified immunization rates for patients aged 24 months. The modified rate excluded vaccine refusals and practice transfers. We plotted monthly overall and modified immunization rates on statistical process control charts to monitor progress and evaluate impact.

RESULTS:

We measured immunization rates for 3298 patients aged 24 months between January 2009 and December 2012. Patients were 48% (n = 1576) female, 77.3% (n = 2548) were African American or Hispanic, and 70.2% (n = 2015) were publicly insured. Using control charts, we established mean overall and modified immunization rates of 90% and 93%, respectively. After implementation, we observed an increase in the mean modified immunization rate to 95%.

CONCLUSIONS:

A quality improvement initiative enabled our pediatric practice to increase its modified immunization rate to 95% for children aged 24 months. We attribute the improvement to the incorporation of medical home elements including a multidisciplinary team, patient registry, and care coordination.
Collaborative Care Outcomes for Pediatric Behavioral Health Problems: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Kolko David J. , Campo John , Kilbourne Amy M. , Hart Jonathan , Sakolsky Dara , Wisniewski Stephen
Published: March 2014

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the efficacy of collaborative care for behavior problems, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and anxiety in pediatric primary care (Doctor Office Collaborative Care; DOCC).

METHODS:

Children and their caregivers participated from 8 pediatric practices that were cluster randomized to DOCC (n = 160) or enhanced usual care (EUC; n = 161). In DOCC, a care manager delivered a personalized, evidence-based intervention. EUC patients received psychoeducation and a facilitated specialty care referral. Care processes measures were collected after the 6-month intervention period. Family outcome measures included the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale, Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, Individualized Goal Attainment Ratings, and Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale. Most measures were collected at baseline, and 6-, 12-, and 18-month assessments. Provider outcome measures examined perceived treatment change, efficacy, and obstacles, and practice climate.

RESULTS:

DOCC (versus EUC) was associated with higher rates of treatment initiation (99.4% vs 54.2%; P < .001) and completion (76.6% vs 11.6%, P < .001), improvement in behavior problems, hyperactivity, and internalizing problems (P < .05 to .01), and parental stress (P < .05–.001), remission in behavior and internalizing problems (P < .01, .05), goal improvement (P < .05 to .001), treatment response (P < .05), and consumer satisfaction (P < .05). DOCC pediatricians reported greater perceived practice change, efficacy, and skill use to treat ADHD (P < .05 to .01).

CONCLUSIONS:

Implementing a collaborative care intervention for behavior problems in community pediatric practices is feasible and broadly effective, supporting the utility of integrated behavioral health care services.
A comunidade terapêutica para recuperação da dependência do álcool e outras drogas no Brasil: mão ou contramão da reforma psiquiátrica?
Authors: Perrone Pablo Andrés Kurlander
Published: March 2014

Na segunda metade do século passado iniciava-se um movimento revolucionário no cenário mundial da saúde mental: a Reforma Psiquiátrica. No mesmo momento nascia a proposta das Comunidades Terapêuticas, que mais tarde se tornaria um modelo consagrado de atendimento para a dependência do álcool e outras drogas. Por outro lado, com o alarmante crescimento deste problema no Brasil, assim como pela ausência de políticas públicas que dessem conta do problema, houve uma indiscriminada proliferação de locais de internação para dependentes químicos que, mesmo se autodenominando como Comunidades Terapêuticas, em nada se assemelham ao modelo inicial proposto. Estes locais apresentam práticas desumanas e iatrogênicas, muito semelhantes às criticadas pelo movimento da Reforma Psiquiátrica, o que tem provocado o descrédito para com o modelo das Comunidades Terapêuticas. Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar, através de pesquisa bibliográfica, como as bases conceituais e metodológicas da Reforma Psiquiátrica se assemelham profundamente as do movimento das Comunidades Terapêuticas, tendo surgido na mesma época e pelo mesmo motivo, e como a falta de regulamentação dos locais de internação para dependentes químicos no Brasil tem contribuído com o atual descrédito deste modelo.
Contradições das políticas públicas voltadas para doenças raras: o exemplo do Programa de Tratamento da Osteogênese Imperfeita no SUS
Authors: Lima Maria Angelica de Faria Domingues de , Horovitz Dafne Dain Gandelman
Published: March 2014

O artigo visa discutir o processo de consolidação de uma política pública, no Brasil, voltada a uma doença rara - a osteogênese imperfeita, cujo tratamento passou a responsabilidade do SUS em 2001 através da Portaria GM/MS2305/2001. O processo de implementação desta terapia vem sendo acompanhado de contradições, sobretudo no que diz respeito às decisões terapêuticas e ao fortalecimento da rede especializada na abordagem desta condição, atitudes claramente percebidas tanto no processo de elaboração quanto no texto da nova Portaria 714/2010.
Fatores associados às perdas dentárias entre adultos em áreas rurais do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Santillo Patrícia Morgana Hordonho , Gusmão Estela Santos , Moura Cristiano , Soares Renata de Souza Coelho , Cimões Renata
Published: March 2014

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de perdas dentárias e fatores associados em adultos de 20 a 59 anos de idade em áreas rurais do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com uma amostra aleatória de 568 indivíduos. O número de perdas dentárias (< 12 e > 12) foi o desfecho investigado. As variáveis independentes foram: características sociodemográficas, condições subjetivas relacionadas à saúde bucal, impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida através do Oral Health Impact Profile na sua versão reduzida (OHIP-14) e utilização de serviços odontológicos. Foram estimadas as razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada através de regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de pelo menos uma perda dentária entre os indivíduos da amostra foi de 91,4%. Perdas dentárias foram fortemente associadas à faixa etária, à autopercepção da saúde bucal e ao impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida. A alta prevalência de perdas dentárias em adultos em áreas rurais confirma a necessidade de haver uma reorientação dos serviços públicos odontológicos voltados para esse contingente populacional.
TOMOGRAPHIC FINDINGS OF GASTRIC GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMOR AND CORRELATION WITH THE MITOTIC INDEX
Authors: PELANDRÉ Gustavo Lemos , DJAHJAH Maria Célia , GASPARETTO Emerson Leandro , NACIF Marcelo Souto , MARCHIORI Edson , MELLO Eduardo Linhares Riello de
Published: March 2014

ContextGastrointestinal stromal tumors are uncommon abdominal neoplasms and can affect any portion of the gastrointestinal tract.ObjectivesDescribe the tomographic findings of the gastrointestinal stromal tumor of gastric origin, correlating it with the mitotic index.MethodsTwenty-one patients were selected within the period of January 2000 and 2008, with histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors, who presented computed tomography done before the treatment. The tomographic variables analyzed were lesion topography, dimensions, contours, morphology, pattern and intensity enhancement through venous contrast, growth pattern, invasion of adjacent organs, presence of ulceration, fistula, calcifications, infiltration of mesenteric fat, lymphadenopathy and metastasis. The mitotic index was determined through optic microscopy, counting the number of mitosis figures in 50 high power fields.ResultsThe tumors were located in the body (66.7%) or gastric fundus (33.3%), with dimensions varying between 4.2 and 21.2 cm (average of 10.5 cm). The growth was predominantly extraluminal (47.6%) or intra/extra luminal (28.6%). The enhancement by venous contrast was heterogeneous in 66.7%. The statistical analysis showed that irregular morphology (P = 0.027) and infiltration of mesenteric fat (P = 0.012) presented correlation with the high mitotic index.ConclusionsIn the present study, most part of the tumors were located in the gastric body, with average size of 10.5 cm, presenting central hypo dense area, heterogeneous enhancement through contrast and predominantly extra luminal growth. Irregular morphology and infiltration of mesenteric fat present statistical correlation with high mitotic level.
COLONOSCOPY COMPLICATIONS IN THE ELDERLY: the impact of age and multimorbidity
Authors: STEIN Francine de Cristo , HOJAIJ Naira Hossepian Salles de Lima , SILVA Jose Guilherme Nogueira da , BORGES Luana Vilarinho , JACOB-FILHO Wilson , HASHIMOTO Claudio Lyoiti
Published: March 2014

ContextAge has been considered an independent risk factor for colonoscopy complications, especially when associated with multimorbidity.ObjectivesThe primary objective was to verify the relationships between age, multimorbidity and colonoscopy complications in the elderly.MethodsA retrospective cohort including patients of 60 years or older who had undergone a colonoscopy. Data relating to age, multimorbidities according to the cumulative illness scale for geriatrics and the Charlson index and complications related to bowel preparation and procedure (sedation and exam) were collected.ResultsOf the 207 patients (mean age 70.47 ± 7.04) with appropriate indication for colonoscopy according to the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 43 (20.77%) patients had some colonoscopy complications: 1 (0.48%) with the sedation (apnea), 4 (1.93%) with the procedure (abdominal pain and bacteremia) and 38 (18.35%) with the bowel preparation (acute renal failure, hypotension). Individuals ≥80 years had an RR = 3.4 (1.2-10.1),P = 0.025, and those with a Charlson index 3 had an RR = 5.2 (1.6-16.8), P = 0.006, for complications. The cumulative illness rating scale for geriatrics was not associated with complications (P = 0.45).ConclusionThere was a significant risk of complications in ≥80 years and in the group with a Charlson index 3. The cumulative illness rating scale for geriatrics was not a good predictor of risk in this sample.
HEPATITIS B, C AND HIV CO-INFECTIONS SEROPREVALENCE IN A NORTHEAST BRAZILIAN CENTER
Authors: TÁVORA Lara Gurgel Fernandes , HYPPOLITO Elodie Bomfim , CRUZ José Napoleão Monte da , PORTELA Nyvia Maria Barroso , PEREIRA Samuel Montenegro , VERAS Camila Monteiro
Published: March 2014

ContextThe occurrence of HIV and hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) virus associations is of great concern since co-infected patients respond poorly to antiviral treatment and usually progress to chronic and more complicated hepatic disease. In Brazil, these co-infections prevalence is not well known since published data are few and sometimes demonstrate conflicting results. Also, a significant number of co-infected individuals are HBV/HCV asymptomatic carriers, leading to under notification.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to determine the prevalence of the HBV and HCV infection in a recently diagnosed HIV population in the state of Ceará/Brazil.MethodsRetrospective cohort, with >18yo patients diagnosed HIV+ from 2008-2010. First year medical attention information was collected.ResultsA total of 1.291 HIV+ patients were included. HBV serologies were collected in 52% (23% had previous hepatitis B, 3.7% were co-infected) and HCV in 25.4% (1.5% had previous hepatitis C, 5.4% co-infection). The majority of HBV/HIV patients referred multiple sexual partners/year, 28% homosexualism and 20% bisexualism. In the HCV/HIV group 38.8% individuals had > one sexual partner/year and 22.2% used intravenous drugs.ConclusionThe study reinforce the need for better training healthcare workers and providing laboratory support for a prompt hepatitis diagnosis and adequate medical management to avoid complications and decrease viral spread.
TREATMENT OF DIARRHEA-PREDOMINANT IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME WITH MESALAZINE AND/OR SACCHAROMYCES BOULARDII
Authors: BAFUTTO Mauro , ALMEIDA José Roberto de , LEITE Nayle Vilela , COSTA Michelle Bafutto Gomes , OLIVEIRA Enio Chaves de , RESENDE-FILHO Joffre
Published: March 2014

ContextIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disease characterized by abdominal pain and altered intestinal habits. The pathophysiology of IBS remains unclear. Recent studies have demonstrated that some IBS patients, especially in diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D), display persistent signs of minor mucosal inflammation and a modified intestinal microflora. The mesalazine has known intestinal anti-inflammatory properties. Saccharomyces boulardii is a probiotic used for a long time in treatment of diarrhea, including infectious diarrhea.ObjectiveEvaluate the effects of mesalazine alone, combined therapy of mesalazine with liophylised Saccharomyces boulardii or alone on symptoms of IBS-D patients.MethodsBased on Rome III criteria, 53 IBS-D patients (18 year or more) were included. To exclude organic diseases all patients underwent colonoscopy, stool culture, serum anti-endomisium antibody, lactose tolerance test and ova and parasite exam. Patients were divided in three groups: mesalazine group (MG) - 20 patients received mesalazine 800 mg t.i.d. for 30 days; mesalazine and Saccharomyces boulardii group (MSbG) - 21 patients received mesalazine 800 mg t.i.d. and Saccharomyces boulardii 200 mg t.i.d. for 30 days and; Saccharomyces boulardii group (SbG) – 12 patients received Sb 200 mg t.i.d. for 30 days. Drugs that might have any effect on intestinal motility or secretion were not allowed. Symptom evaluations at baseline and after treatment were performed by means of a 4-point likert scale including: stool frequency, stool form and consistency (Bristol scale), abdominal pain and distension. Paired t test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical analyses.ResultsCompared to baseline, there were statistically significant reduction of symptom score after 30 th day therapy in all three groups: MG (P<0.0001); MSbG (P<0.0001) and in SbG (P= 0.003). There were statistically significant differences in the symptom score at 30 th day therapy of the MG, MSbG and SbG groups (P = 0.03). There were no statistical differences between MSbG and MG symptom score at 30th day therapy (P = 0.9).ConclusionsThe use of mesalazine alone, Saccharomyces boulardii alone or combined treatment with mesalasine andSaccaromyces boulardii improved IBS-D symptoms. The improvement of the symptom score was greater with mesalazine alone or combined with Sb as compared with Sb treatment alone. These preliminary results suggest that mezalazine may be useful in treatment of IBS-d patients, and warrant further larger studies.
Teste de esforco cardiopulmonar na insuficiencia cardiaca de fracao de ejecao normal
Authors: Teixeira Jose Antonio Caldas , Teixeira Pedro Soares , Miranda Sandra Marina Ribeiro de , Messias Leandro Rocha , Cascon Roberto Macedo , Costa Washington Luiz Batista da , Dias Katia Pedreira , Jorge Juliana Grael , Nobrega Antonio Claudio Lucas da , Araujo Denizar Vianna de
Published: March 2014

INTRODUÇÃO: O teste de esforço cardiopulmonar (TECP) fornece dados que orientam tratamento, prognóstico e tomadas de decisões. Entretanto, seu uso na insuficiência cardíaca de fração de ejeção normal (ICFEN) ainda não está bem esclarecido, em especial considerando novas variáveis que vêm despontando. OBJETIVOS: Comparar o comportamento das principais variáveis diagnósticas e prognósticas do TECP entre dois grupos: pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca de fração de ejeção reduzida (ICFER) e pacientes com ICFEN. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 36 pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca em classe funcional II-III da NYAH: 20 com ICFEN e 16 com ICFER do ambulatório de insuficiência cardíaca do Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro (UFF). Os pacientes do Grupo ICFER selecionados foram os com FE < 35% e os do grupo ICFEN seguiram os critérios diagnósticos da Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia de 2007. Realizou-se TECP, em esteira com protocolo de rampa, com analisador de gases VO2000. Foram aplicados teste t de Student, Mann-Whitney, teste de Fisher, modelo linear generalizado e de Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel para as análises estatísticas. RESULTADOS: O grupo ICFEN apresentou níveis mais elevados da pressão arterial em repouso, na resposta ao esforço, na potência circulatória e ventilatória, além de um maior tempo de recuperação da cinética do consumo de oxigênio. Não houve diferença em relação a outras variáveis prognósticas do TECP para o grupo ICFER. CONCLUSÕES: A pressão arterial de repouso e em esforço, a potência circulatória e ventilatória e a cinética de recuperação do VO2 (T1/2) foram as variáveis que apresentaram maior valor discriminativo entre os grupos pelo TECP.
Avaliacao neuropsicologica de idosos praticantes de capoeira
Authors: Petry Diogo Miranda , Nery Sheila , Goncalves Clezio Jose dos Santos
Published: March 2014

INTRODUÇÃO: Este estudo procura contribuir com uma relação pouco explorada no meio acadêmico: capoeira, cognição e envelhecimento. Relacionando estudos sobre funções executivas e a capoeira, busca-se investigar a interligação desta arte e as funções executivas. Estas se referem a desempenhos de comportamentos complexos (memória de trabalho, flexibilidade mental, tomada de decisão) e a memória léxico-semântica. OBJETIVO: Comparar o desempenho de funções executivas em idosas praticantes de capoeira e idosas não praticantes de exercício físico. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal que coletou as informações de cada participante apenas uma vez. Serão comparados dois grupos: 1) grupo de idosos praticantes de capoeira e 2) idosos que não fazem exercício físico. Para seleção e caracterização dos grupos utilizaram-se: questionário sociodemográfico, aspectos gerais de saúde e escala de hábitos de leitura e escrita, mini-exame de estado mental (MEEM) e escala de depressão de Yesavage (GDS-30). Para avaliar o desempenho das funções executivas foi realizado o teste de trilhas e as tarefas de fluência verbal. Para análise estatística dos dados será utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para normatização dos dados. O teste de t de Student e o teste U de Mann Whitney serão usados para comparar duas médias de amostras independentes. Utilizou-se a improvisação, a ação, a tomada de decisão, o equilíbrio e as noções de espaço, tempo, ritmo, música, e a compreensão do jogo da capoeira como intervenção devido à possível utilização dos processos executivos nessa arte. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se que não houve diferença significativa nos testes realizados. Porém houve superioridade nos testes de fluência verbal e testes de trilha A e B, sendo maior em B no grupo de capoeira do que no grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: A prática de capoeira tem uma tendência em contribuir para a melhora das funções executivas, embora os mecanismos desse benefício não estejam claros
Resultados da reconstrucao do ligamento cruzado anterior em atletas amadores de futebol
Authors: Santos Mauro Rodrigues dos , Sado Junior Junichiro , Palmiro Neto Jose , Pereira Neto Francisco , Taia Bruno Kasuo
Published: March 2014

INTRODUÇÃO: O futebol é um esporte muito praticado em nosso meio, ocasionando uma grande incidência de lesões do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) . Frequentemente há necessidade de tratamento cirúrgico para se permitir o retorno à sua prática, e cada vez mais são utilizados os tendões isquiotibiais como enxertos de escolha para a técnica cirúrgica. Existem poucos dados na literatura a respeito do retorno à prática do futebol em nível amador após esse tipo de tratamento. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o índice de retorno à prática do futebol entre atletas amadores submetidos à reconstrução do LCA , utilizando-se como enxerto os tendões semitendíneo e grácil. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 97 pacientes submetidos à reconstrução do LCA com seguimento mínimo de 2 anos. A avaliação foi feita através da escala de Lysholm e do questionamento direto a respeito do retorno à prática de esportes, com ênfase ao retorno à prática do futebol amador. RESULTADOS: 60,8% dos pacientes operados voltaram a jogar futebol. Entre aqueles que não voltaram a praticar futebol, 9,3% continuaram a prática de outros esportes, sem que este fato estivesse relacionado com a lesão do joelho e 11,4% pararam de praticar esportes, relacionando o abandono da prática diretamente a sintomas no joelho operado. Um grande número (18,5%) de pacientes informou que não retornou ao futebol devido a variadas causas relacionadas a fatores psicológicos tais como: perda de motivação, medo de uma nova lesão e mudança de estilo de vida. CONCLUSÃO: É alto o índice de pacientes que não retornam à prática do futebol após o tratamento cirúrgico por motivos psicológicos. Portanto, existe a necessidade de mais estudos nesse campo a fim de selecionarmos melhor os pacientes e, assim, melhorarmos as indicações cirúrgicas e, consequentemente, os resultados do tratamento da lesão do LCA.
Morbidity, mortality, and categorization of the risk of perioperative complications in lung cancer patients
Authors: Stanzani Fabiana , Paisani Denise de Moraes , Oliveira Anderson de , Souza Rodrigo Caetano de , Perfeito Joao Alessio Juliano , Faresin Sonia Maria
Published: March 2014

OBJECTIVE: To determine morbidity and mortality rates by risk category in accordance with the American College of Chest Physicians guidelines, to determine what role pulmonary function tests play in this categorization process, and to identify risk factors for perioperative complications (PCs). METHODS: This was a historical cohort study based on preoperative and postoperative data collected for cases of lung cancer diagnosed or suspected between 2001 and 2010. RESULTS: Of the 239 patients evaluated, only 13 (5.4%) were classified as being at high risk of PCs. Predicted postoperative FEV1 (FEV1ppo) was sufficient to define the risk level in 156 patients (65.3%); however, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) was necessary for identifying those at high risk. Lung resection was performed in 145 patients. Overall morbidity and mortality rates were similar to those reported in other studies. However, morbidity and mortality rates for patients at an acceptable risk of PCs were 31.6% and 4.3%, respectively, whereas those for patients at high risk were 83.3% and 33.3%. Advanced age, COPD, lobe resection, and lower FEV1ppo were correlated with PCs. CONCLUSIONS: Although spirometry was sufficient for risk assessment in the majority of the population studied, CPET played a key role in the identification of high-risk patients, among whom the mortality rate was seven times higher than was that observed for those at an acceptable risk of PCs. The risk factors related to PCs coincided with those reported in previous studies.
The computation of the geoid model in the state of São Paulo using two methodologies and GOCE models
Authors: Guimarães Gabriel do Nascimento , Blitzkow Denizar , Barzaghi Riccardo , Matos Ana Cristina Oliveira Cancoro de
Published: March 2014

The purpose of this manuscript is to compute and to evaluate the geoid model in the State of São Paulo from two methodologies (Stokes' integral through the Fast Fourier Transform - FFT and Least Squares Collocation - LSC). Another objective of this study is to verify the potentiality of GOCE-based. A special attention is given to GOCE mission. The theory related to Stokes' integral and Least Squares Collocation is also discussed in this work. The spectral decomposition was employed in the geoid models computation and the long wavelength component was represented by EGM2008 up to degree and order 150 and 360 and GOCE-based models up to 150. The models were compared in terms of geoid height residual and absolute and relative comparisons from GPS/leveling and the results show consistency between them. In addition, a comparison in the mountain regions was carried out to verify the methodologies behavior in this area; the results showed that LSC is less consistent than FFT.
Implications of Functional Proteomics in Breast Cancer
Authors: Chae Young Kwang , Gonzalez-Angulo Ana Maria
Published: March 2014

Breast cancer is one of the major public health problems of the Western world. Recent advances in genomics and gene expression-profiling approaches have enriched our understanding of this heterogeneous disease. However, progress in functional proteomics in breast cancer research has been relatively slow. Allied with genomics, the functional proteomics approach will be important in improving diagnosis through better classification of breast cancer and in predicting prognosis and response to different therapies, including chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and targeted therapy. In this review, we will present functional proteomic approaches with a focus on the recent clinical implications of utilizing the reverse-phase protein array platform in breast cancer research.
Domain ontology for urban land management
Authors: Arndt Lindsay Thais , Philips Jürgen Wilhelm , Cordeiro Arildo Dirceu , Romano Cezar Augusto , Catai Rodrigo Eduardo
Published: March 2014

This paper describes aspects of domain ontology, with graphic illustrations, using fractals, for the area of the organisation of urban land management. The project describes new information technologies, resources and tools available for the development of an intelligent management system, and proposes a model containing features to manipulate the ontology and aimed at improving managerial decision-making. It also enables the formation of hypotheses based on the results within a scenario monitored by the administration of urban land management, from design to execution of the work, including investments into infrastructure with a focus on urban sewage systems. It is equipped with the artificial intelligence resources that enable self-learning to incorporate formal and empirical knowledge, indicating procedure corrections, focusing on innovation, quality, competence management, sustainability, cost reduction and the end result.
Determination of urbanisation based on imperviousness
Authors: Sahoo Sanat Nalini , Pekkat Sreeja
Published: March 2014

Imperviousness, which is defined as the property of a surface that prevents infiltration, is directly a measure of urbanisation. This is mainly due to the fact that the built-up area as a result of urbanisation contributes to imperviousness. The current study uses a remote sensing technique along with the available geographic information system (GIS) data to determine the imperviousness characteristics of an urban catchment. The objective is to quantify the difference in imperviousness determination due to spatial resolution of satellite imagery and to suggest any corrective measures for improving the methodology. The results indicate that impervious classes are found to be underestimated and vegetations are overestimated in low-resolution Landsat images due to the presence of sparsely located hilly settlements. Impervious areas that are underestimated were correctly traced by the use of building footprints for the area, which also prevents overestimation of the pervious group. The study clearly indicates that urbanisation defined based on imperviousness can be underestimated, if fine-resolution satellite imagery and suitable methodology is not used. It is recommended to use the best possible fine-resolution imagery available integrated with the GIS dataset for the precise determination of imperviousness and quantification of urbanisation growth.
Team-Based Learning: The Importance of Attendance
Authors: Jakobsen Krisztina V. , McIlreavy Megan , Marrs Sarah
Published: March 2014

Using a quasi-experimental design, the authors examined student performance (i.e., exam scores) in a traditional, lecture-based course ( n = 43) and a team-based learning (TBL) course ( n = 47). Students from James Madison University, USA – who were unaware that the two sections of the course were taught using different methods – self-selected into one of the sections. The authors analyzed and found that exam scores were marginally higher in the team-based learning (TBL) course compared to the lecture-based course. Because previous research revealed that students in TBL courses outscore students in lecture courses and have higher attendance rates, the authors explored the role of attendance on student performance. Students in the lecture course missed significantly more classes than students in the TBL course. When the data were re-analyzed, taking attendance into account, the difference in exam scores was no longer significant. Advantages of TBL classes, compared to lecture-based classes, may include increased attendance, an increased opportunity for critical and analytical thinking, learning to work cooperatively in ways that benefit the group, as well as developing feelings of competency and mastery of the course material.
Students Can Give Psychology Away: Oral Presentations on YouTube
Authors: Malouff John M. , Emmerton Ashley J.
Published: March 2014

This article describes a novel assignment involving students giving a presentation on YouTube about how to apply behavior-modification principles to change a specific type of behavior, chosen by each student. The presentations covered topics such as how to end nail biting and how to reduce anxiety about public speaking. Giving an oral presentation on YouTube rather than in the classroom has advantages in (1) being feasible for large classes and for students in online-only courses, (2) saving class time, (3) allowing students to view their own performance, (4) allowing easier grading, and (5) creating an opportunity for students to ‘give psychology away’ to the public. Submission of links to YouTube videos by almost every student in the course, with no significant technical problems, demonstrated the feasibility of requiring video presentations. Evaluations of the assignment by 48 students, responding anonymously, indicated that students viewed the experience as helping them increase their public-speaking skills and confidence and improve their knowledge of the presentation topic. Other psychology courses could use a similar assignment.
How Can Innovative Teaching be Taught? Insights from Higher Education
Authors: Hellmann Jens H. , Paus Elisabeth , Jucks Regina
Published: March 2014

Seeing the need to change parts of one's teaching project may be the starting point for scholars to seek inspiration and guidance from educational psychologists for innovation in their teaching. In this report, the authors address the question of how educational psychologists can assist lecturers in higher education with the implementation of innovative teaching projects. Reflection of existing teaching practices helps promote the use of innovative teaching projects. The diversity of lecturers and teaching subjects in higher education makes counselling tailored to each individual teacher essential. In the present contribution, the authors describe a course on innovative teaching projects in university education. Participants represented various disciplines and were at different stages of their academic careers. Instructors of the course were two educational psychologists who assisted participants for one complete term in planning and realizing innovative teaching concepts, and finally in evaluating their teaching projects.
The Effect of Mandatory Financial Statement Disclosures of Tax Uncertainty on Tax Reporting and Collections: The Case of FIN 48 and Multistate Tax Avoidance
Authors: Gupta Sanjay , Mills Lillian F. , Towery Erin M.
Published: March 2014

This study investigates the effect of accounting measurement and disclosure requirements on multistate income tax avoidance. The proliferation of sophisticated state tax planning techniques combined with the complexity of varying state tax regimes make multistate taxation an area rampant with uncertainty. The accounting standards contained in FASB Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48) require firms to record and disclose liabilities for uncertain income tax benefits based on a more-likely-than-not merit threshold of each tax position, assuming tax authorities have full information. Theoretical work and initial practitioner claims suggested that the accounting standards would increase reported tax expense and tax payments. Consistent with this, we find that both firm-level state income tax expense and aggregate state-level income tax collections increased surrounding adoption of FIN 48, providing evidence of the association between mandatory financial reporting disclosures and tax compliance behavior.

JEL Classifications: H25, H26, M41.
Representing Australia's Involvement in the First World War
Authors: Sharp Heather
Published: March 2014

This article investigates discrepancies between narratives of national independence in public discourses surrounding the First World War and narratives of loyalty in school textbooks in Queensland, Australia. Five textbooks commonly used in schools from 1916 to 1936 are analyzed in order to ascertain how the First World War was represented to pupils via the history curriculum. This article argues that, although public discourses were in a state of flux, and often viewed Australia as a country that was becoming increasingly independent of its colonial ruler Great Britain, textbooks that maintained a static view continued to look to Great Britain as a context in which to teach national history to school pupils.
What Stories Are Being Told?
Authors: Steding Elizabeth Priester
Published: March 2014

Much like history textbooks, literature textbooks produce a grand narrative, telling a nation's story via its literature. This article examines the presentation of literature of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in upper level secondary school (Oberstufe) textbooks published in Germany in 2009 and 2010. Twenty years after German unification, literature textbooks are largely divided into two groups in accordance with their handling of literature from the failed socialist state: some focus on ideological criticism of the GDR, and some choose to avoid politics as much as possible. Both options result in a simplistic, even reductionist (grand) narrative of GDR literature. Case studies on Christa Wolf and Günter Grass reveal a consistent, positive portrayal of West German literature and a polarized representation of GDR literature.
Debating Migration in Textbooks and Classrooms in Austria
Authors: Hintermann Christiane , Markom Christa , Weinhäupl Heidemarie , Üllen Sanda
Published: March 2014

This article examines how the topics of migration, cultural diversity, and discrimination are depicted in current Austrian school textbooks and how they are discussed and perceived by pupils of different age groups attending different types of schools. The discussion concentrates on three main issues: the representation of migration as problematic; the use, critical or otherwise, of specific terms; and whether the history of migration to and from Austria is represented and perceived as part of a common Austrian history. Alongside the findings of the textbook analysis, we show how the involvement of pupils in textbook and migration research can contribute to the production of scientific knowledge in this area.
Mobile Learning in History Education
Authors: König Alexander , Bernsen Daniel
Published: March 2014

Mobile devices enable pupils to decode edificial remains and symbols by spontaneously accessing additional information electronically. This article provides guidelines for mobile learning in history on the basis of mobility and enquiry- and design-based learning. The authors explore ways in which pupils may use their mobile devices to create innovative forms of collaboratively generated products like digital stories or geocaches. By drawing on social networks in order to promote discussion and publications, such products entail social participation and commitment. Mobile history learning also helps pupils to understand public debates about history, memory, and identity.