bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM SERTIFIKASI GURU DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN KINERJA PENDIDIK
Authors: Munajat Apep , Sujiarto Heru , Hanafiah Hanafiah , Khori Ahmad
Published: July 2023

This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of certification and post-certification teacher performance by using Terry's management theory (planning, organizing, mobilizing, and supervising, teacher certification, and teacher performance). The method used is descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. To test the validity of the data by triangulation. The locus of research was conducted in Cianjur Regency. The data sources consist of the Ministry of Religion of Cianjur Regency, Supervisors, Heads of Madrasas, teachers, documents to certification related, and teacher performance. The implication is that the constraint factors are too strong compared to supporting factors and contribute to the sluggish and challenging attainment of certification requirements.Keywords: implementation, teacher certification; and performance
Time in Villages: Timekeeping and Modernization in Rural Communities in the Long Nineteenth Century in Hungary
Authors: Koloh Gábor
Published: July 2023

The study explores the changing perception of time through the records of a multi-generational peasant family. By comparing several rural manuscripts from different times and places, the study traces the refinement of the way time is thought, its new meanings, and its emergence in farming and family life. The appearance of the clock plays an important role in the analysis. The clock, first as a prestige object in the household, gradually becomes a tool for the modern use of time. The replacement of calendars by newspapers in the first decades of the 20th century is also a decisive factor in the perception of time. The world expands and information about more and more distant lands is brought into peasant households. The study places important emphasis on the idea that rural households are the last base for the spread of globalization phenomena. What is already occurring at this level within each country is where the spread of the phenomenon has come to an end.
Financial performance at On-Demand Treatment – General Hospital Tien Giang period 2015 – 2021
Authors:   General Hospital Tien Giang, Nguyen Toan Thang , Nguyen Quynh Anh ,   Hanoi University of Public Health
Published: July 2023

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm mô tả kết quả hoạt động tài chính tại Khu Điều trị theo yêu cầu (Khu ĐTYC) giai đoạn 2015 – 2021. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Thiết kế nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, kết hợp nghiên cứu định lượng bằng hồi cứu số liệu thứ cấp từ báo cáo tài chính, báo cáo tổng kết hoạt động của Khu ĐTYC trong giai đoạn 2015 – 2021 và phương pháp nghiên cứu định tính bằng phỏng vấn sâu 03 cuộc, thảo luận nhóm 01 cuộc với Ban điều hành, Ban giám đốc, lãnh đạo các bộ phận. Kết quả: Tổng doanh thu năm 2021 tăng 1,97 lần so với năm 2015, trong đó, doanh thu từ khám chữa bệnh và kinh doanh thuốc chiếm tỷ trọng trên 90%. Tổng chi phí có xu hướng tăng từng năm trong giai đoạn 2015 – 2021 (năm 2021 tăng gấp 2,15 lần so với năm 2015). Lợi nhuận giai đoạn 2015 – 2021 đạt 68.999 triệu đồng (trđ). Sau 06 năm hoạt động, Khu Điều trị theo đã hoàn vốn đầu tư, rút ngắn 04 năm so với kế hoạch. Kết luận: Kết quả hoạt động tài chính của Khu Điều trị theo yêu cầu tăng dần và ổn định trong giai đoạn 2015 – 2021. Xu hướng tăng/giảm tổng chi phí phù hợp với xu hướng tăng/giảm tổng doanh thu. Lợi nhuận sau thuế có xu hướng tăng mạnh và ổn định ở giai đoạn 2015 – 2019. Từ khoá: Kết quả hoạt động tài chính, Khu Điều trị theo yêu cầu, bệnh viện đa khoa Tiền Giang
Current status of financial revenue and expenditure in the Vinhphuc Transport hospital, period 2019 - 2021
Authors:   Vinhphuc Transport hospital, Pham Le Thang , Nguyen Quynh Anh ,   Hanoi University of Public Health
Published: July 2023

Objectives: The study was carried out to find out the current status of financial revenue and expenditure activities at Vinh Phuc Transportation Hospital in the period of 2019 - 2021. Research Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study horizontal, using secondary data from the financial statements of Vinh Phuc Transportation Hospital for the 3 years 2019 – 2021. Results: Research results show that the total revenue of the hospital in the period of 2019 - 2021 had increased and decreased unevenly over the years. The state budget for non-recurring expenditures ranged from 7-9.2% of total revenue, which was completely cut by 2021. The hospital's regular operating expenses came from non-business revenue, accounting for 90.8 - 100% of the unit's total revenue each year, of which revenue from hospital fees and health insurance accounts for 60.6 - 100% of the total revenue of the hospital, 66.8%, service revenue accounts for 18 - 32.4%. Expenditure sources increased and decreased unevenly between years, corresponding to the increase and decrease of revenue, recurrent expenditure accounted for a high proportion of total expenditure, from 88.9-100%, of which the main expenditure group was specialized expenditure, professional subjects and personal payments. The hospital's revenue and expenditure gap decreased over the years. Conclusion: In the period of 2019 - 2021, the total revenue and total expenditure of the hospital had increased and decreased unevenly over the years. The difference between revenue and expenditure decreased gradually, the appropriation of funds was made in accordance with current regulations. Keywords: Financial revenue and expenditure, Vinh Phuc Transport Hospital
Contribution of Sericulture in the Socio-economic Transformation of the Workers
Authors: Ekka Vinod , Bais Dr. Pratima
Published: July 2023

Business age is one of the significant possibilities of sericulture and silk industry. Sericulture has emerged as the most important cash crop due to its low investment, high employment potential, short gestation period, and high return. It works well for the Tribal's agrarian economy. Reasonable for each part of society, a major rancher or a landless, matured individual or a young, man or a lady. utilizes straightforward technology that is simple to comprehend and adapt to. Sericulture has benefited low-income and socially disadvantaged groups by providing downstream employment and income generation in rural and semi-urban areas. This study explore that how sericulture satisfy the chances of occupation for ancestral. The study reveals that sericulture is an activity with high output and low investment. The review closes for certain ideas to work on the drawn out achievability of sericulture. In the agricultural sector, sericulture is a cash crop; It returns within 30 days, assisting rural residents in the socioeconomic transition. In sericulture, the whole scope of exercises produce a moderate progression of pay and sets out work open doors for a significant segment of low gifted peripheral rustic occupants who might somehow stay jobless or masked utilized in immense horticultural area. The cottage and small scale sector includes these industries, which rely on farm labor. Mulberry cultivation generates employment on farms in the silkworm seed industry. Mulberry leaves are used as input in the silkworm raising industry, which gives the family of mulberry growers the capacity to employ a large number of people and earn a living. Sericulture with its remarkable elements assumes a significant part in updating the financial states of the rustic society and with business open doors to the informed country youth and ladies worker. The paper aims to shed light on the significance of sericulture and discuss strategies for generating employment in the Indian sericulture industry in light of its significance. The study concludes with some recommendations for enhancing the long-term viability of sericulture.
Portrayal of the Mau Mau Rebellion in Ngugi Wa Thiong’o A Grain of Wheat
Authors: Rani Mamta
Published: July 2023

This research paper critically examines the portrayal of the Mau Mau rebellion in Ngugi Wa Thiong’o’s novel, A Grain of Wheat. The Mau Mau rebellion was a significant anti-colonial uprising that occurred in Kenya between 1952 and 1960. The paper analyzes how the rebellion is depicted in the novel and explores its consequences on the characters and the society. By delving into the historical context, character motivations, and symbolic representation, the study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the rebellion's significance in the novel. Furthermore, the paper compares the fictionalized portrayal with historical accounts, assesses its accuracy, and explores its impact on identity and nationhood. Through this analysis, the research paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the Mau Mau rebellion, its representation in literature, and its implications for postcolonial studies.
Assamese Identity Issues: A Chapter Review of ‘India’s North-East: Identity Movements, State and Civil Society’
Authors: Pratim Borah Manash , Paban Nath Mridu
Published: July 2023

This commentary article discusses the chapter titled ‘Assam: Identity Movements and Insurgent Politics’ – ‘Assamese Identity Issues’ in Udayon Misra's book "India’s North East: Identity Movements, State and Civil Society" (2014), focusing on the Assam movement and its implications for Assamese identity. The author sheds light on how the movement was centered around the issues and questions between foreign migrants and indigenous people, highlighting the struggle for linguistic identity and the yearning for a unified homeland. The commentary also underscores the need for social and political cohesion, effective conflict management, and inclusive governance to ensure a peaceful resolution and foster the development of Assamese society. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical context, starting with rich debates spanning over many decades.
Dwarfs in Void Environments (DIVE): The Stellar Kinematics of Void Dwarf Galaxies Using the Keck Cosmic Web Imager
Authors: de los Reyes Mithi A. C. , Kirby Evan N. , Zhuang Zhuyun , Steidel Charles C. , Chen Yuguang , Wheeler Coral
Published: July 2023

Dwarf galaxies located in extremely underdense cosmic voids are excellent test beds for disentangling the effects of large-scale environments on galaxy formation and evolution. We present the first results of the Dwarfs in Void Environments Survey, which has obtained integral field spectroscopy for low-mass galaxies (M
⋆ = 107–109
M
⊙) located inside (N = 21) and outside (N = 9) cosmic voids using the Keck Cosmic Web Imager. Using measurements of stellar line-of-sight rotational velocity v
rot and velocity dispersion σ
⋆, we test the tidal stirring hypothesis, which posits that dwarf spheroidal galaxies are formed through tidal interactions with more massive host galaxies. We measure low values of v
rot/σ
⋆ ≲ 2 for our sample of isolated dwarf galaxies, and we find no trend between v
rot/σ
⋆ and the distance from a massive galaxy

d

L

⋆

out to

d

L

⋆

∼
10

Mpc. These suggest that dwarf galaxies can become dispersion-supported, “puffy” systems even in the absence of environmental effects like tidal interactions. We also find indications of an upward trend between v
rot/σ
⋆ and galaxy stellar mass, perhaps implying that stellar disk formation depends on mass rather than environment. Although some of our conclusions may be slightly modified by systematic effects, our main result still holds: that isolated low-mass galaxies may form and remain as puffy systems rather than the dynamically cold disks predicted by classical galaxy formation theory.
Cosmic Rays Self-arising Turbulence with Universal Spectrum −8/3
Authors: Chefranov Artem S. , Chefranov Sergey G. , Golitsyn Georgy S.
Published: July 2023

In the inertial subrange of scales, an exact compressible turbulence universal spectrum law −8/3 for the density fluctuations of cosmic rays (CRs) in the frame of the known two-fluid model of CR dynamics is obtained. It is shown that the origin of this scaling law may be due to the arising of shocks at the breaking of the nonlinear simple waves of CRs near the scale of their Larmor’s radii, as it is well known for the solar wind with the same turbulent spectrum law −8/3. The consistency of the turbulence spectrum −8/3 of CRs with the observed nonthermal differential energy distribution of CRs with a similar index −8/3 due to the possibility of self-reacceleration of the CRs on the self-arising shocks is stated. The turbulent diffusion mechanism for the observed CRs energy spectrum breaks is considered.
Interstellar Bow Shocks around Fast Stars Passing through the Local Interstellar Medium
Authors: Shull J. Michael , Kulkarni S. R.
Published: July 2023

Bow shocks are produced in the local interstellar medium by the passage of fast stars from the Galactic thin-disk and thick-disk populations with velocities V
* = 40–80 km s−1. Stellar transits of local H i clouds occur every 3500–7000 yr on average and last between 104 and 105 yr. There could be 10–20 active bow shocks around low-mass stars inside clouds within 15 pc of the Sun. At local cloud distances of 3–10 pc, their turbulent wakes have transverse radial extents R
wake ≈ 100–300 au, angular sizes 10″–100″, and Lyα surface brightnesses of 2–8 R in gas with total hydrogen density n
H ≈ 0.1 cm−3 and V
* = 40–80 km s−1. These transit wakes may cover an area fraction f

A
≈ (R
wake/R
cl) ≈ 10−3 of local H i clouds and be detectable in IR (dust), UV (Lyα, two-photon), or nonthermal radio emission. Turbulent heating in these wakes could produce the observed elevated rotational populations of H2 (J ≥ 2) and influence the endothermic formation of CH+ in diffuse interstellar gas at T > 103 K.
Estimation of differential growth of the protandrous hermaphrodite marine gastropod Trochita trochiformis (Littorinimorpha: Calyptraeidae) using Schnute model cases
Authors: Cerros-Cornelio Juan Carlos , Flores-Garza Rafael , Padilla-Serrato Jesús Guadalupe , Flores-Rodríguez Pedro , Torreblanca-Ramírez Carmina , Castrejón-Ríos Alma Rubí
Published: July 2023

The snail Trochita trochiformis is a mollusk captured on the coasts of Jalisco and Guerrero of the Mexican Pacific. Despite its importance in artisanal fisheries, information on its population parameters is still being determined. This research aimed to determine the diameter-weight relationship, sex ratio, cohorts, and growth of this species. Specimens were captured from October 2019 to September 2021. Shell diameter (Sd), total weight (Tw), and the sex of the organisms were gathered from a total of 1763 females and 956 males. The sex ratio was 1.84:1, and the X2 test (P < 0.05) indicated significant differences. The Sd-Tw relationship for females and males was potential-type. The values of the allometry coefficient for both sexes were b = 2.61, b = 2.60 for females, and b = 2.62 for males. In all three cases, the t-Student test indicated negative allometric growth, which indicates that the species first grows in shell diameter, then in body weight. The ANCOVA did not show significant differences in the Sd-Tw relationships between sexes (P = 0.902). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test applied to the Sd data showed differences between sexes (P < 0.001). In females, differences were observed in 71.5% by monthly comparisons, while in males, differences were found in 58.1%. Multinomial analysis showed three modal groups and 14 individual cohorts for both females and males. Case 2 of the Schnute model was the best for females (wi = 0.39) and males (wi = 0.53), showing sigmoidal Gompertz-type growth. The resulting growth curves showed that females exhibit accelerated growth concerning males and that both sexes reach their maximum size, 88.04 and 86.23 mm, respectively, at approximately 10 years of age.
Two new species of the Phaonia boleticola-group (Diptera, Muscidae, Phaoniinae) from China
Authors: Zhou Zhongyan , Wei Lianmeng
Published: July 2023

Two new species of Phaonia are described: Phaonia agitata Zhou & Wei, sp. nov. and Phaonia nujiangensis Zhou & Wei, sp. nov., which were collected from Guizhou and Yunnan provinces of southwestern China and are assigned to the boleticola-group. A key to the species of this group is provided. The type specimens are deposited in the Wei Lianmeng Model Worker Innovation Studio, Anshun, Guizhou, China (WLMWISAGC).
Designing pair of nonlinear components of a block cipher over quaternion integers
Authors: Sajjad Muhammad , Shah Tariq , Alsaud Huda , Alammari Maha
Published: July 2023

In the field of cryptography, block ciphers are widely used to provide confidentiality and integrity of data. One of the key components of a block cipher is its nonlinear substitution function. In this paper, we propose a new design methodology for the nonlinear substitution function of a block cipher, based on the use of Quaternion integers (QI). Quaternions are an extension of complex numbers that allow for more complex arithmetic operations, which can enhance the security of the cipher. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed design by implementing it in a block cipher and conducting extensive security analysis. Quaternion integers give pair of substitution boxes (S-boxes) after fixing parameters but other structures give only one S-box after fixing parameters. Our results show that the proposed design provides superior security compared to existing designs, two making on a promising approach for future cryptographic applications.
A scale conjugate neural network learning process for the nonlinear malaria disease model
Authors: Alqhtani Manal , Gómez-Aguilar J.F. , Saad Khaled M. , Sabir Zulqurnain , Pérez-Careta Eduardo
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this work is to provide a stochastic framework based on the scale conjugate gradient neural networks (SCJGNNs) for solving the malaria disease model of pesticides and medication (MDMPM). The host and vector populations are divided in the mathematical form of the malaria through the pesticides and medication. The stochastic SCJGNNs procedure has been presented through the supervised neural networks based on the statics of validation (12%), testing (10%), and training (78%) for solving the MDMPM. The optimization is performed through the SCJGNN along with the log-sigmoid transfer function in the hidden layers along with fifteen numbers of neurons to solve the MDMPM. The accurateness and precision of the proposed SCJGNNs is observed through the comparison of obtained and source (Runge-Kutta) results, while the small calculated absolute error indicate the exactitude of designed framework based on the SCJGNNs. The reliability and consistency of the SCJGNNs is observed by using the process of correlation, histogram curves, regression, and function fitness.
A researcher companion of data collection and validation methods
Authors: Bafarasat Abbas Ziafati , Oliveira Eduardo , Growe Anna
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to fill a gap between textbooks and papers on data collection methods. Many undergraduate study programs include modules on data collection methods. They provide students with systematic insight into data collection methods. However, a few years later, when students want to apply this training in their research, they may have forgotten unapplied parts! Because researchers might not devote themselves to adequate re-study of data collection textbooks, they sometimes choose a data collection method without a systematic view of other methods and the wider framework of data collection. Researchers might devote their available time to selective study about applying their chosen data collection method, but a loss of overall methodological insight might have negative implications for the research. The present paper aims to help with this problem. It provides a researcher companion of data collection and validation methods in a systematic textbook style but within a concise paper with essential details and examples. The paper can be used by researchers of different disciplines as a standalone methodological guide or a legend for informed searching of more detail in relevant references.
Hablar en la frontera: lenguas, estereotipos y contactos en la Raya hispano-portuguesa durante la Edad Moderna
Authors: Martín Marcos David
Published: July 2023

Este artículo se ocupa de las variedades lingüísticas presentes en la frontera hispano-portuguesa en la Edad Moderna y del modo en que sus hablantes fueron caracterizados y ridiculizados por las élites letradas. Se defiende en él que las críticas a la «rusticidad» y la «barbarie» en el hablar de sus habitantes indicarían en realidad un reconocimiento implícito de una destacable pluralidad lingüística que generalmente ha sido obviada por los historiadores. Preguntándose por los motivos de la pervivencia de estas formas vernáculas en la frontera y su vitalidad, el artículo pone de manifiesto que la dicotomía portugués/castellano es demasiado pobre para entender el día a día de la Raya por sí sola. Evidencia, por último, la débil presencia institucional de las monarquías española y portuguesa en esta región en contraposición a los ordenamientos sociales y políticos estructurados en torno a la comunidad local y sugiere, en consecuencia, que la preponderancia del ámbito local puede explicar las prácticas culturales y lingüísticas de los fronterizos.
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technologies for Mobile Applications
Authors: Afre Rakesh Ashok , Sharma Nallin
Published: July 2023

A high-quality energy carrier like hydrogen can be created by thermochemical processes involving the conversion of hydrocarbons, such as coal or natural gas. It can also be obtained by water electrolysis using renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power. Due to climate change, air pollution, and energy deficiency, the exploration of new transportation fuels is very important. Despite the various challenges that hydrogen faces, it is still regarded as a clean energy source that can help solve the environmental and energy problems of the future. It can be used in fuel cells to provide high-quality electricity and heat. This chapter aims to discuss the various techniques involved in the production of hydrogen and their applications in fuel cells. It also explores the different types of fuel cells, such as PEMFCs, MCFCs, and SOFCs as well as to understand the effect towards sustainable development goals.
Advances in Fuel Cell Technologies for Hydrogen Production
Authors: Maurya Aarti , Chaurasia Amit Kumar
Published: July 2023

The increasing rate of industrialization and urbanization increases waste and wastewater generation along with global energy demand. That makes the necessity of the current waste treatment and process technologies to be upgraded into the sustainable or green energy generation such as hydrogen production from the waste materials and hydrogen fuel cells-based technologies. Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that use hydrogen as fuel cells for electricity or heat generation. The fuel cells-based technologies are in the infant stage and need to be explored for the vital utilization of hydrogen for the various energy related applications. Stationary application of fuel cells or hydrogen fuel cell vehicles related technologies are hotspot research areas in the 21st century. In this chapter, the authors summarize the recent development of the hydrogen production from waste, current state of the art in hydrogen fuel cells, and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and their economic and sustainability benefits. It also includes the key challenges of these technologies for commercial applications.
Hydrogen Storage Technologies and Related Heat and Mass Transfer Studies
Authors: Urunkar Rahul Uday , Patil Sharad Dattatray
Published: July 2023

The energy demands of the future are ever increasing, and hydrogen as an ideal energy carrier can fulfil these demands. The production, purification, delivery, storage, and application are the significant measures of the hydrogen-based economy. The utmost challenge to utilize hydrogen as a fuel lies in the improvement of storage techniques. Hydrogen storage technologies comprise of high-pressure compression, cryogenic liquefaction, and absorption in solid state such as metal hydrides and complex hydrides. As compared with other techniques, hydrogen storage in solid form seems to be one of the utmost likely solutions. However, it involves extremely coupled transport processes such as chemical kinetics, heat, and mass transfer. Complex hydrides are capable substitute aspirants for solid state hydrogen storage because of many advantages, but many of such hydrides suffer from poor kinetics as well as great thermodynamic stability. Significant heat transfer techniques and issues associated with hydrogen storage methods are discussed, with emphasis on metal hydride.
Securing Digital Transformation in Healthcare Systems
Authors: Kamarudin Nazhatul Hafizah , Ilyas Mohammad Arif
Published: July 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) has experienced rapid growth, and as a result, the e-health system has established a robust infrastructure that enables the delivery of viable healthcare services over the network. Healthcare organizations recognize the importance of adopting the latest technologies to improve healthcare services and reduce operational costs. Integrating IoT into the healthcare system offers numerous benefits, including secure patient identification and efficient data collection. However, many existing e-health systems primarily focus on patient data acquisition and medical embedded components, paying little attention to crucial aspects like real-time monitoring and, most importantly, the security of the e-health system. This chapter strives to enable the smooth integration and sustained expansion of digital transformation within the e-health system by addressing the urgent need to strengthen security measures and improve accountability. Securing the extensive advancements in digital transformation within e-health is of utmost importance. To safeguard the security and accountability of digital transformation in the healthcare system, it is essential to develop multilevel authentication protocols alongside the implementation of deep learning techniques.
Applying the Viable System Model to Local Government in a Post-Pandemic Context
Authors: Murphy Sheila E. , Regenold Tracey A.
Published: July 2023

The pandemic has challenged local government organizations to respond to highly dynamic environments involving health, social, educational, and economic changes. Recognizing local government organizations as systems optimizes them to respond and excel in their ability to serve the public. The purpose of this conceptual chapter is to assess the viable system model's (VSM) efficacy as a vehicle for evaluation within the context of local government organizations, and to determine what enhancements to the model might be needed for post-pandemic application. The viable system model may benefit from the integration of complementary enhancements that may humanize the VSM for use in a post-pandemic context. Ultimately, the new reality of the post-pandemic era calls for systems thinking to reveal ways to structure service delivery reliably and innovatively.
Redefining Success
Authors: Beach Sarah , Min Helen H.
Published: July 2023

The ramifications of the global coronavirus pandemic challenged the barriers between professional and personal lives, revealing that even in professional settings, individuals involved in systems are human, with increasing mental and physical health needs. Systems thinking encourages holistic rather than outcomes-oriented thinking, and the U.S. education system would benefit from reorienting understandings of success under this framework. This study employs Critical Systems Heuristics to explore interview data collected from teachers during the pandemic. Findings indicate that teachers and students yearn to function within a system where they can bring their whole selves. This chapter explores how success is currently defined for students and teachers and what a reimagined system could look like. This new system would move away from standardized methods of measuring all students and teachers against the same outcomes and consider expanding agency and collaboration with a focus on growth. Barriers and facilitators to sustaining such a system are considered.
Higher Education Through the Lens of a Liberal Arts University
Authors: Rao Harika
Published: July 2023

This chapter, while broadly describing the higher education system in the United States, focuses on the liberal arts education, its history, growth, challenges, and developments. Education has a pivotal role in human development, contributing to societal growth and economic development. While the U.S. continues to be the country of choice for higher education for international students, the recent statistics show a steady decline in the inflow of international students thanks to rapid advances in technology, making easy and affordable access to remote education. However, this can be seen as an opportunity for higher educational institutions and yet another opportunity for reaching international students globally.
The Changing Landscape of Teacher Preparation in the United States
Authors: Kreassig Kurt R.
Published: July 2023

The headlines don't lie. K12 schoolhouses across the United States are struggling to fill classroom teacher vacancies. The lack of licensed teachers in K12 has been trickling down from higher education for years. The work of these universities in preparing tomorrow's teachers is further exacerbated by conflicting pressures and priorities at the local and state levels. Universities that train teachers are bracketed by state departments of education raising the standards of quality for teachers, while at the same time, local legislators who are hearing the loud cries from K12 school leaders for more teachers are clearing the way for teacher candidates to bypass traditional teacher training and licensure programs. The author examined four critical issues impacting the teaching profession and presented a university's response to each identified issue.
Using Student Participation to Improve Higher Education Models
Authors: Costa Rosalina Pisco , Novas Jorge Casas , Fialho Ana , Moreira Pedro
Published: July 2023

The literature shows that despite the strength of the principles shared around the importance of the strategic participation of students in the good management of higher education institutions, the practice is far below the desired standards. This chapter explores the power of comprehensive student participation plans to improve higher education models by fostering the development of a broader and multidimensional culture of student participation. Empirical contribution draws on the recent and innovative experience developed at the University of Évora, a public university in Portugal, a south European country. At the end, it is expected that the lessons learned from this experience might help worldwide higher education systems and institutions, administrators, faculty, and trustees to understand how specific countries structure their higher education systems and how they are dealing with global critical issues, thus increasing awareness and capacity to develop solutions addressing identified challenges.
Indian Education System Through the Lens of a Deemed University
Authors: Rao Harika
Published: July 2023

The chapter focuses on the comparative study of the Indian higher education system from the lens of a deemed university. Tracing the evolution of education from its origins to current period, the author highlights the continual progress being made, especially in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics). The growing trend in the higher educational sector also has necessitated having multi-layer regulatory agencies to ensure the quality of different areas of education. The author also discusses the ongoing challenges due to the pandemic and technological disruption forcing the educational leaders and the faculty to adapt themselves to the constant changes. The author stresses the need for student engagement for better learning outcomes. Student-centric topics such as elective curriculum, flipped classroom, job-ready soft skills, and student welfare on the campus have also been touched upon. The author concludes the chapter with the need for implementing best practices in higher education that contribute to the realization of the United Nations Sustainable Developmental Goals.
Transforming Moldovan Higher Education
Authors: Houdyshell Michael
Published: July 2023

This chapter describes how the former Soviet Union republic of Moldova has grappled with transforming its higher education system while addressing corruption concerns, declining government investment, and enacting reform at the policy and institutional levels during the last 30 years. Unfortunately, Moldova experiences chronic funding shortages in research, deteriorating public trust in the higher education system, and limited cross-border collaboration. Exacerbating these issues are declining higher education enrollments and recent calls for a contraction of institutions. In the interim, Moldova could support aspects of the higher education system by considering new ways to award degrees or credentials, increasing funding in research and development, and strengthening the commitment to help students fund their education. These efforts will not transform the Moldovan higher education system rapidly but could help turn the conversation away from contraction and build support and trust in the Moldovan society.
Cloud-Based Intelligent Virtual Try-On Using Augmented Reality
Authors: Valliammai V. , Sandhya Karjala , Harshitha Vemuri Lakshmi , Parvaze Podili Pariha , Basha Niha Kamal
Published: July 2023

Advancement of technology had a significant impact on various industries, with innovative solutions like cloud computing, IoT, augmented reality (AR), and virtual reality (VR) changing the game in many ways. Here is a system known as “virtual try-ons” that leverages IoT devices like mobile cameras, cloud storage for data, and an intelligent interface for user interaction. Many people are opting for online shopping, and various challenges arise with this transition, one of which is the issue of “try-on.” VR solves this challenge by introducing “virtual try-on,” which replaces traditional try-on methods. It enables an individual to preview and virtually try on their desired products like clothes, watches, shoes, etc. from the comfort of their own homes, making the shopping experience easier and smoother. It also adds an element of fun and excitement to the shopping experience, increasing the hedonic value for consumers and allowing consumers to experiment and play with different products, styles, and colors in a way that is not possible with traditional shopping methods.
Real-Time Object Detection and Audio Output System for Blind Users
Authors: Bollipelly Shiva Chaithanya Goud , Swarnalatha P.
Published: July 2023

This chapter aims to create a real-time object detection and audio output system for blind users using the YOLOv3 algorithm and a 360-degree camera sensor. The system is designed to detect a wide range of objects, including people, vehicles, and other objects in the environment, and provide audio feedback to the user. The system architecture consists of a 360-degree camera sensor, a processing unit, and an audio output system. The camera sensor captures the environment, which is processed by the processing unit, which uses the YOLOv3 algorithm to detect and classify objects. The audio output system provides audio feedback to the user based on the objects detected by the system. The project has significant importance for blind users as it can help them navigate their environment and recognize objects in real time and can serve as a foundation for future research in the field of object detection systems for blind users.
Significance of Fog Computing to Machine Learning-Enabled IoT for Smart Applications Across Industries
Authors: C. S. Mohan Raj , Kumar A. V. Senthil , Sharma Meenakshi , El Emary Ibrahiem M. M. , Latip Rohaya , Khalid Saifullah , D. V. Chandrashekar
Published: July 2023

Industry 4.0 refers to the phase of transition that is taking place, enabling automation and data interchange in industrial technologies and processes. Fog computing architecture can provide real-time processing, nearby storage, extremely low latency, dependability, large data rates, and other requirements for industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications. In the context of IoT applications, fog infrastructure and protocols are the main areas of interest. The phrase “fog computing,” sometimes known “edge cloud,” is a new paradigm. Between edge devices and Cloud Core, it adds another layer. Along with providing computing, storage, and networking capabilities, it also fills a need left by the cloud. The main features of fog computing are covered in this chapter, along with current research on the subject and a focus on the difficulties encountered when creating its architectural design.
Sustainable IoT for Smart Environmental Control
Authors: Rajamohan Kavitha , Rangasamy Sangeetha , Ajai Kumar M. , Sarkar Bidura , Mukherjee Jubaraj
Published: July 2023

The network of physical items/things/objects, that are implanted with sensors, software, and other networking technologies to communicate and exchange data with other devices and systems through the internet, is referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT). Environmental control in the context of IoT systems refers to the use of connected devices and sensors to manage and regulate various aspects of the environment, such as temperature, lighting, air quality, water quality, and more. The goal is to create an intelligent environment that is more efficient, comfortable, and sustainable.
The Current Generation 5G and Evolution of 6G to 7G Technologies
Authors: Bhatia Sandeep , Goel Neha , Verma Soniya
Published: July 2023

Broadband cellular networking technologies 5G/6G/7G for establishing connections between users and sending data over the internet are sometimes referred to as the “internet of things” or embedded items. IoT brings about a huge amount of traffic as a result of the strong interaction among the millions of connected things available at the time of deployment to particular applications. The increase in the popularity of the internet of things has been likened to an increase in the number of barriers. In this study, the current use of 5G edge network infrastructure with IoT-enabled and hybrid and multi-cloud deployments need 6G and 7G technologies, and the authors examine the current state of IoT as well as potential conditions and challenges that may influence IoT acquisition. In this chapter there is a comparison of different communication technology in the context of IoT. At the end of the chapter, the impact of 5G, 6G, and beyond 7G technologies have been discussed in the preface of IoT.
Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Centric Model in the Metaverse Ecosystem
Authors: Saxena Aakansha C. , Ojha Adhishree , Sobti Daksh , Khang Alex
Published: July 2023

Metaverse is a prodigy that combines the real and digital worlds, enabling avatars to participate in a variety of activities. AI will have an influential impact on the future of Metaverse, as it will enable Metaverse to be user-centric by introducing features like augmented reality and virtual reality. This chapter will provide insights about how AI-centric modeling and AI concepts can boost the emerging world of Metaverse. AI will be an indispensable component of Metaverse, from the foundational layer to the experiential layer. AI will enable Metaverse to be user-centric by introducing features like augmented reality and virtual reality, creating an immersive experience for the user.
Augmented Reality Applications and Usage Examples in the Metaverse Age
Authors: Altinpulluk Hakan , Yıldırım Yusuf
Published: July 2023

The aim of this chapter is to identify and introduce the most preferred applications by analyzing augmented reality applications used in master's theses and doctoral dissertations in Turkey. In order to achieve this aim, first of all, the concepts related to the Metaverse, which constituted the conceptual framework of the chapter, were explained by supporting them with the research findings obtained from the literature. Then, the AR development platforms, AR software development kits, AR applications, and the devices on which AR applications were run were examined in thesis studies within the scope of augmented reality accessed from the Council of Higher Education Thesis Archive. At the end of this chapter, Vuforia, ARCore, and Artivive Bridge software development kits are briefly introduced as the first three most frequently used AR software development kits in thesis studies accessed from the National Thesis Center Archive of the Council of Higher Education of Turkey.
Hybrid Optimization Techniques for Data Privacy Preserving in the Metaverse Ecosystem
Authors: Karthikeyan M. P. , Krishnaveni K. , Revathi T. , Hema Ambiha A.
Published: July 2023

Large-scale electronic databases are being maintained by businesses and can be accessed via the internet or intranet. Employing data mining techniques, significant information was extracted from the data. The privacy of the data is inherently at risk while data mining operations are being carried out. All users shouldn't have access to the private information stored in the database. Methods for protecting privacy have been suggested in the literature. Algorithms used in privacy-preserving data mining (PPDM) on private data are unknown even to the algorithm operator. Personal information about users and data on their collective behaviour are the two main aspects of privacy preservation. The majority of privacy-preserving techniques rely on reducing the level of granularity used to represent the data. Although privacy is improved, information is lost as a result. As a result, with PPDM, there is a trade-off between privacy and information loss. Effective methods that don't undermine the security defences are needed.
Perspectivas docentes sobre ensino da liderança na formação do enfermeiro
Authors: Alves Galhardo Varanda Patrícia , Coelho Amestoy Simone , Reis da Silva Gilberto Tadeu , Schubert Backes Vânia Marli , Lima Vieira Silvana , Dourado Reis das Virgens Camila , Reis dos Santos Ises Adriana
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: compreender o ensino da liderança na formação do enfermeiro, a partir das perspectivas de docentes. Método: estudo qualitativo, de método estudo de caso, realizado com 36 docentes de uma universidade pública localizada no Estado da Bahia. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e mediante investigação documental e submetidos à análise temática, com auxílio do software Nvivo. Adotou-se o referencial teórico de Paulo Freire. Resultados: a liderança envolve autodesenvolvimento, capacidade gerencial e trabalho em equipe. As estratégias didáticas facilitadoras utilizadas no ensino desta competência contemplam metodologias ativas, aulas dialogadas, discussões críticas e problematizadoras. Conclusão: é importante impulsionar debates e pesquisas sobre o ensino da liderança em enfermagem a fim de estimular o desenvolvimento dessa competência ainda durante a formação com o intuito de, dessa forma, contribuir para a qualidade da assistência em saúde.
O cuidado às pessoas em sofrimento psíquico e suas repercussões na família
Authors: Lisboa Leiza Nazareth Torres , Alves Manuela Bastos , Paixão Gilvânia Patrícia do Nascimento , Batista Ana Carolaine de Souza , Silva Gilberto Tadeu Reis da , Silva Rudval Souza da
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: compreender como o cuidado cotidiano das pessoas em sofrimento psíquico repercute na vida do familiar cuidador e mensurar o seu nível de sobrecarga. Método: trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, de abordagem mista. A coleta de dados foi realizada utilizando-se entrevista semiestruturada e aplicação da escala Zarit Burden Interview com quinze familiares de pessoas em sofrimento psíquico que são acompanhadas numa unidade do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial III de um município da Região Metropolitana de Salvador. Os dados foram coletados entre os meses de fevereiro e agosto de 2021 e organizados e analisados segundo a Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática e discutidos com base na literatura. Resultados: com a correlação das variáveis foi possível inferir o nível de sobrecarga objetiva e subjetiva, além dos sentimentos expressos por esses familiares. Seis familiares tiveram avaliação, a partir da escala ZBI, de sobrecarga moderada a severa, com pontuações variando entre 43 e 54. A partir das unidades de significado emergiram três categorias temáticas que permitiram ilustrar, conforme o infográfico, a representação de como o cuidado cotidiano das pessoas em sofrimento psíquico repercute na vida do familiar cuidador. Considerações finais: apreendeu-se que o cuidado às pessoas em sofrimento psíquico tem sido realizado predominantemente por mulheres negras, refletindo as desigualdades de gênero e raça, envolve sentimentos e expectativas ambivalentes, níveis diferenciados de sobrecarga e necessidade de suporte social e do Estado.
Conhecimento dos idosos a respeito do Sistema Único de Saúde: estudo SIGa-Bagé
Authors: Oliveira Adriéli Timm , Wachs Louriele Soares , Krolow Michele Rohde , Machado Karla Pereira , Volz Pâmela Moraes , Braga Carolina Thumé , Thumé Elaine
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: investigar o conhecimento sobre Sistema Único de Saúde e Direito à Saúde no modelo tradicional e na Saúde da Família, em uma coorte de idosos do município de Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com idosos residentes na área de abrangência dos serviços de atenção básica à saúde na área urbana de Bagé. Nas análises foi realizado o teste estatístico exato de Fisher. Resultados: na afirmação sobre a garantia constitucional ao acesso à saúde, 46,8% dos idosos de áreas do modelo tradicional e 23,8% dos idosos residentes em áreas de atenção da ESF estavam totalmente de acordo. Acesso aos serviços de saúde foi verificado na afirmação “o Sistema Único de Saúde deve atender todas as pessoas”, 24,5% dos idosos da área tradicional concordaram totalmente e na área da ESF 17,6% concordaram totalmente. Foi observado ainda um padrão de idosos que não souberam opinar, sendo um número expressivo na área ESF. Considerações finais: a análise do conhecimento dos idosos sobre o SUS pode contribuir para a implementação de ações educativas, de modo a fortalecer à saúde como direito fundamental.
Impacto de uma colônia de férias para adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1: estudo longitudinal
Authors: Flora Marília Costa , Malheiro Maria Isabel Dias da Costa , Barros Luísa , Dingle Marina
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: caracterizar adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1, frequentadores de uma colônia de férias, e sua evolução nas dimensões do conhecimento acerca da doença, na autoeficácia, qualidade de vida e hemoglobina glicada. Método: estudo quantitativo comparativo antes e após o campo, com seguimento de seis meses. Foram avaliados o conhecimento (teste de conhecimentos acerca da diabetes), aautoeficácia (self-efficacy diabetes scale), a qualidade de vida (disabkids chronic generic measure) e a hemoglobina glicada, em três momentos, de 2018 a 2019, em 30 adolescentes com diabetes dos 15 aos 18 anos, que participaram numacolônia de férias. Resultados: os adolescentes apresentavam inicialmente conhecimento global elevado (>80%) na área do exercício físico, hipoglicemia e complicações da diabetes, e inferior a 60% sobre conservação de insulina, substituição de lanceta, refeições, monitorização de glicose, vômitos, diarréia e consumo de bebidas alcoólicas. Os níveis de autoeficácia social aumentaram após a colônia, contudo não se mantiveram após seis meses. Não se observaram alterações nos valores da hemoglobina glicadae na qualidade de vida após a colônia. Conclusão: acolônia produziu efeito na autoeficácia social, contudo, não se pode afirmar impacto ao nível dos conhecimentos e qualidade de vida dos participantes. Os resultados sugerem a implementação de programas estruturados, com foco na promoção da autogestão da diabetes.