bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the Effect of Temperature and Humidity on Infiltrated Cell Performance Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Distribution of Relaxation Times Analysis
Authors: Rix Jillian , Mo Boshan , Grande Hector , Pal Uday , Gopalan Srikanth , Basu Soumendra
Published: July 2021

Infiltrating nanoparticle electrocatalysts into solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) has been shown to improve their intermediate-temperature performance by increasing the density of reaction sites, known as triple phase boundaries (TPBs), in the electrode. By increasing TPB density with infiltration, anode activation polarization is mitigated and cell performance improves relative to an uninfiltrated cell, especially at low temperatures. In this study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and distribution of relaxation times analyses were performed on baseline and Ni-infiltrated NiYSZ anode symmetric cells. A transmission line model (TLM) was used to deconvolute the electrode processes. The effects of temperature and humidity on TLM parameters, and the relative polarization contributions of various charge transfer processes will be discussed.
Degradation Analysis of a Commercial SOFC System
Authors: Asghari Maryam , Lavernia Alejandro Carlos , Mastropasqua Luca , Brouwer Jack
Published: July 2021

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) technology offers several advantages such as fuel flexibility, high efficiency, and zero criteria pollutant emissions. SOFC systems have the potential to be cheaper and provide more reliable and cleaner electrical load-following characteristics compared with other technologies by dynamic operation and control. Cost and durability are major challenges associated with current SOFC technology. Durability of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) technology is a key aspect for its commercialization and long-lasting deployment in different applications. Dynamic operating conditions have considerable effects on the long-term performance and durability of SOFC systems.

In this study, we evaluate the performance and degradation of a 1.5 kW (AC) commercial system under steady state and dynamic load cycling conditions for over 6000 hours. We monitored and evaluated the initial and degraded performance characteristics of the SOFC stack, while testing under constant 1.6 kW load, 85% fuel utilization, and at 760°C stack temperature for 4000 hours and under dynamic cycling load for more than 2000 hours. We conducted degradation tests based upon two load cycling profiles: i) accelerated daily cycles with load changing from 0.5 kW to 1.6 kW, with stack temperatures ranging between 720°C and 760°C, and fuel utilization between 55% and 85% for 42 cycles (~1000 hours), and ii) weekly cycling test with load changing from 0.5 kW to 1.6 kW with lower slope for 10 cycles (1600 hours). A machine learning model based upon experimental data is developed to correlate the degradation rate of the system to different features of dynamic profiles to be used in the prediction of degradation rate for a wide range of dynamic load profiles.

Test results show that the degradation rate is 0.025% (2mV) per 1000 hours of operation under steady state operating conditions. As the system degrades under steady state conditions, fuel consumption increases 0.3% while the efficiency drops 0.3% per 1000 hours of operation. We observe that at beginning of life and during the first 1000 hours of operation, the degradation rate is roughly twice as high as that achieved under steady state operation (i.e., 4.8mV). Results show that the system also degrades twice as fast when forced to meet daily dynamic cycling loads. The degradation rate observed under highly dynamic daily load cycling conditions is 0.58% (4.7mV) per 1000 hours of operation over 42 daily cycles.
Effect of Anode Side Purge Gas on the Degradation of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells
Authors: Sun Xiufu , Hendriksen Peter Vang , Hauch Anne , Clausen Anders Kring , Lehtinen Timo , Noponen Matti
Published: July 2021

Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) has drawn great interest in recent years due to its high power to fuel efficiency. The technology is believed to be able to play an important role in the power-to-x (P2X) and carbon capture and utilization (CCU) applications due to its capability of CO2 electrolysis and H2O + CO2 co-electrolysis. The syngas produced from SOEC can be further catalytic converted into different higher value synthetic fuels, which is essential for the green transition of those hard-to-be-electrified sectors such as aviation and heavy transportation. Large-scale implementation of such a technology requires SOEC to be cost competitive with the current existing electrolysis technologies. High performance and long-term durability are keys to further bring down the SOEC fuel production costs. Understanding the degradation mechanisms and identifying limits for a “safe-operation-window” for which the degree of degradation is limited will help to further advance the SOEC technology to the market. In this work, the influence of operation parameters such as temperature, gas composition and reactant utilization on the SOECs’ degradation were examined with commercial solid oxide cells from Elcogen. The degradation mechanisms investigated by electrochemical impedance and post-test microstructure analysis will be presented and discussed.

This work has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 838014 (C2FUEL).
Degradation Analysis of Long-Term Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stacks with Respect to Chromium Poisoning in La0.58Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ and La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ Cathodes
Authors: Fang Qingping , Menzler Norbert , Blum Ludger
Published: July 2021

Chromia-forming steels or chromium containing alloys are widely used in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks and systems. Chromium poisoning as a result of Cr evaporation from the metallic components and thereafter the deposition at cathode side (i.e. air side) is one of the most critical degradation mechanisms in SOFCs. Although the chromium poisoning mechanisms have been studied intensively in the last decades worldwide, there are still debates and contradictory results on different aspects of the mechanism. Despite of these debates, degradation due to chromium poisoning has been reduced largely through optimized protective coatings on the interconnector and improvement of cathode materials. Previous long-term stack tests at the Forschungszentrum Jülich have shown that a reproducible low degradation rate of less than 0.3 %kh-1 can be obtained with the state-of-the-art plasma-sprayed MCF coating (i.e., MnCo1.9Fe0.1O3-δ) and LSCF cathode (i.e., La0.58Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ) when operating at 700 °C~750 °C with hydrogen and compressed air under a current density of 0.5 A·cm-2 and fuel utilization of 40%. Recently, the LSC cathode (i.e., La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ) has shown more promising results in both fuel cell and electrolysis modes than LSCF due to its higher ionic conductivity, despite of a relatively larger thermal expansion coefficient (TEC). Furthermore, it has been reported by other research groups that the oxygen surface exchange kinetics and Sr stability/activity of LSC may suggest a higher resistance against Cr poisoning, compared to LSCF. For these reasons, long-term stack operation with both LSCF and LSC cathodes were performed in two different stack designs (i.e., robust F-design and lightweight cassette design). The degradation behaviour of the stacks with respect to Cr poisoning was analysed with the support of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and post-mortem analysis (e.g., microanalysis using scanning electron microscopy and chemical analysis using inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectroscopy). In this work, the results of more than four stacks with an operating time between 5,000 h and 10,000 h will be presented.
Development of Metal-Supported Proton-Conducting Solid Oxide Cells Via Co-Sintering
Authors: Lau Grace Y. , Tucker Mike C
Published: July 2021

Use of proton conducting electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and electrolysis cells (SOECs) enables efficient operation at lower temperatures, reducing thermal stress and allowing the use of less expensive stack materials and balance-of-plant components. Transport of protons across the electrolyte offers other advantages: for electrolysis, pure hydrogen is produced so steam does not need to be removed; for fuel cell operation, extraction of hydrogen from the anode through the electrolyte drives fuel decomposition or reforming reactions. Proton conducting oxide electrolyte materials could potentially lower the operating temperature of metal-supported solid oxide cells (MS-SOCs) to the intermediate range 400 to 600 °C. The metal substrate provides the advantages such as high thermal and redox cycling tolerance, low-cost of structural materials, and mechanical ruggedness.

In this work, co-sintering fabrication of metal-supported proton conducting solid oxide cells using BaZr1-x-yCexYyO3-δ (BZCY) is developed. BZCY ceramics are sintered in reducing environment supported on stainless steel metal support. Critical challenges for this fabrication approach include: contamination of the electrolyte with Si and Cr from the metal support, incomplete electrolyte sintering, and evaporation of Ba from the electrolyte. Lowering the sintering temperature to 1350°C alleviates these challenges. The use of LiF and Mn-oxide as sintering aids achieve electrolyte densification at this low temperature. Nevertheless, shrinkage matching of the stainless steel and ceramic layers during sintering is very challenging. Various efforts will be discussed, including optimization of the ceramic sintering aid loading, impact of metal particle size, and thermal manipulation of the ceramic powder surface. Successful co-sintering of a symmetric cell is achieved.
Design and Modeling of Proton-Conducting Bilayer Electrolytes Using a Nernst-Planck-Poisson Formulation
Authors: Ortiz-Corrales Julián Andrés , Matsuo Hiroki , Otomo Junichiro
Published: July 2021

Proton-conducting oxides have attracted much attention in recent years due to their good ion conductivity at intermediate temperatures (500-700°C), as opposed to conventional oxide ion-conducting oxides that require high temperatures (usually, >900°C). Lowering the operating temperature of reversible protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (RePCECs) is desirable as it reduces material, heating, and insulation costs, while also increasing the operating life of the cell. Nevertheless, along with the desired proton conductivity, typical proton-conducting solid electrolytes also allow the transport of other charged defects like oxygen-vacancies, electrons, and electron holes. The presence of these other defects, especially the electron holes, causes leakage current that significantly reduces the cell’s electrical efficiency. Therefore, an electrolyte capable of reducing leakage current is necessary. Unfortunately, there is usually a trade-off between high ionic conductivity and low hole conduction. For example, while lanthanum tungstate (LWO) has a low electron conductivity and is capable of suppressing hole conduction below 800°C, its proton conductivity is lower than that of commonly used perovskite materials like yttria-doped barium cerate (BCY) or yttria-doped barium zirconate (BZY). Nonetheless, previous studies showed that LWO67 can act as a leakage current-blocking layer when deposited on a BZY82 base electrolyte and the estimated leakage current was almost 200 times lower than that of a BZY82 single layer electrolyte under open-circuit conditions. This suggests that under certain operating conditions, bilayer electrolytes can achieve better performance when compared to their corresponding single-layer electrolytes. Therefore, in this study, we design proton-conducting bilayer electrolytes by investigating the incorporation and transport of charged defects using a steady-state Nernst-Planck-Poisson (NPP) model.

The main goals of this work are twofold. Firstly, to find the combination of electrolytes that better suppresses leakage current. For this purpose, we calculate the defect concentration, flux, and electrostatic profiles inside common materials like BCY, BZY, BZCYYb, BZCY, LWO, and different combinations of bilayer electrolytes to better understand how the addition of a leakage current-blocking layer affects proton conduction and overall efficiency. We consider three mobile defects when solving the NPP equation, protons (OHO
•), oxygen vacancies (vO
••), and electron holes that are treated as small polarons localized at oxygen sites (OO
•). Afterward, the I-V curve and relevant theoretical efficiency are predicted within and A cm-2 (fuel cell and electrolyzer operation) at 500, 600 and 700°C, in order to identify the most promising one. Secondly, to design a cell by finding the optimal thickness of the better performing bilayer electrolyte that maximizes efficiency.
Development of Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy 11 Days after Spinal Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Kakehi Eiichi , Kawakami Tadataka , Ishikawa Yukiko , Matsuoka Takashi , Nakagawa Naoki , Morishita Tugutake , Taniguchi Shohei , Akamatsu Yukinobu , Sakurai Shigehisa , Hirotani Akane , Nozaki Takafumi , Shoji Keisuke , Adachi Seiji , Kotani Kazuhiko , Matsumura Masami
Published: July 2021

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) usually has a good prognosis; however, patients may develop sequelae without prompt treatment. We herein describe an 81-year-old woman who developed acute-onset excruciating thigh pain and weakness in her lower extremities after spinal surgery. We diagnosed acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy by a nerve conduction study, which showed findings of demyelination without cerebrospinal fluid analysis because of a spinal prosthesis. Although anti-GM1 and anti-GalNAc-GD1a antibodies were positive, the patient was clinically diagnosed with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (a subtype of GBS), not acute motor axonal neuropathy. She recovered well with immunoglobulin therapy. A literature review of 18 cases revealed that unexplained weakness, areflexia, and numbness of the extremities after spinal surgery, a shorter time from spinal surgery to symptom onset to general GBS, abnormal nerve conduction study results, normal spinal imaging findings, and the development of atypical symptoms such as cranial and autonomic nerve syndrome and respiratory failure are useful for diagnosing GBS when cerebrospinal fluid examination cannot be performed after spinal surgery.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Polymorphism and Aphasia after Stroke
Authors: Lee Nathan T. , Ahmedy Fatimah , Mohamad Hashim Natiara , Yin Khin Nyein , Chin Kai Ling
Published: July 2021

Stroke is one of the most deliberating causes of mortality and disability worldwide. Studies have implicated Val66Met polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene as a genetic factor influencing stroke recovery. Still, the role of BDNF polymorphism in poststroke aphasia is relatively unclear. This review assesses the recent evidence on the association between the BDNF polymorphism and aphasia recovery in poststroke patients. The article highlights BNDF polymorphism characteristics, speech and language interventions delivered, and the influence of BNDF polymorphism on poststroke aphasia recovery. We conducted a literature search through PubMed and Google Scholar with the following terms: “brain derived-neurotrophic factor” and “aphasia” for original articles from January 2000 until June 2020. Out of 69 search results, a detailed selection process produced a total of 3 articles that met the eligibility criteria. All three studies included Val66Met polymorphism as the studied human BDNF gene. One of the studies demonstrated insufficient evidence to conclude that BDNF polymorphism plays a role in poststroke aphasia recovery. The remaining two studies have shown that Met allele genotype (either single or double nucleotides) was associated with poor aphasia recovery, in either acute or chronic stroke. Carriers of the Val66Met polymorphism of BDNF gave a poorer response to aphasia intervention and presented with more severe aphasia.
Comparison between Intra-Articular Injection of Infrapatellar Fat Pad (IPFP) Cell Concentrates and IPFP-Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) for Cartilage Defect Repair of the Knee Joint in Rabbits
Authors: Han Yaguang , Li Haobo , Zhou Rong , Wu Jun , Liu Ziye , Wang Huan , Shao Jiahua , Chen Yi , Zhu Jun , Fu Qiwei , Qian Qirong , Zhou Yiqin
Published: July 2021

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic method in regenerative medicine. Our previous research adopted a simple nonenzymatic strategy for the preparation of a new type of ready-to-use infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) cell concentrates. The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of intra-articular (IA) injection of autologous IPFP cell concentrates and allogeneic IPFP-MSCs obtained from these concentrates in a rabbit articular cartilage defect model. IPFP-MSCs sprouting from the IPFP cell concentrates were characterized via flow cytometry as well as based on their potential for differentiation into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. In the rabbit model, cartilage defects were created on the trochlear groove, followed by treatment with IPFP cell concentrates, IPFP-MSCs, or normal saline IA injection. Distal femur samples were evaluated at 6 and 12 weeks posttreatment via macroscopic observation and histological assessment based on the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) macroscopic scoring system as well as the ICRS visual histological assessment scale. The macroscopic score and histological score were significantly higher in the IPFP-MSC group compared to the IPFP cell concentrate group at 12 weeks. Further, both treatment groups had higher scores compared to the normal saline group. In comparison to the latter, the groups treated with IPFP-MSCs and IPFP cell concentrates showed considerably better cartilage regeneration. Overall, IPFP-MSCs represent an effective therapeutic strategy for stimulating articular cartilage regeneration. Further, due to the simple, cost-effective, nonenzymatic, and safe preparation process, IPFP cell concentrates may represent an effective alternative to stem cell-based therapy in the clinic.
Zuoguiwan Ameliorates Cognitive Deficits and Neuro-Inflammation in Streptozotocin-Induced Alzheimer’s Disease Rats
Authors: Liu Hong , Zhong Lili , Dai Qiaomei , Yang Jing , Zhang Yuwei , Zhang Bo , Jiang Ying
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease is the most popular neurodegenerative disorder with no effective drugs to stop the progression. Zuoguiwan (ZGW), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been applied in many diseases. Our study aimed to detect the function and mechanisms of ZGW in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: The rat models of AD were established by streptozotocin (STZ), and the function of ZGW on cognitive dysfunction was measured with the Morris water maze test. The concentration of pro-inflammatory mediators was accessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relative mRNA expression of ERβ was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results: The treatment with ZGW could suppress the cognitive impairment by the findings of escape latency and time spent in the target quadrant and the increased concentration of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α induced by STZ. STZ might repress the mRNA levels of ERβ, and ZGW management weakened the declined mRNA expression of ERβ. ZGW might play a protective role in AD rats against the injury of STZ on cognition and neuro-inflammation by improving the mRNA expression of ERβ. Conclusion: The results indicated that ZGW might be a novel therapeutic strategy to slow the process of AD by modulating ERβ.
Possible Infanticidal Event of an Aye-Aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis) in Torotorofotsy, Madagascar
Authors: Rakotondrazandry Jeannin Nicolas , Sefczek Timothy M. , Frasier Cynthia L. , Villanova Vicki L. , Rasoloharijaona Solofonirina , Raveloson Herimalala , Louis Edward E.
Published: July 2021

Infanticide occurs in an array of mammalian species, especially primates. Most infanticidal events occur in polygynous societies, though they sometimes happen in nongregarious populations. We witnessed a possible infanticidal event of a 3-month-old male aye-aye, a species that exhibits a dispersed multimale social system, in Torotorofotsy, Madagascar. Though firsthand killing of the infant was not observed, physical injuries to the infant, vocalizations of the adult female, and her subsequent chase of the adult male aye-aye strongly indicates infanticide. If true, this would be the first recorded incident of an infanticidal event in a noyau primate. The evidence for three different explanations of infanticide is evaluated.
Parents’ Perception on Printed Modular Distance Learning in Canarem Elementary School: Basis for Proposed Action Plan
Authors: Olivo Marilyn G.
Published: July 2021

This was a descriptive study which determined and analyzed the perceptions of parents on the printed modular distance learning in an elementary school. There were 50 parent respondents selected via convenience sampling. Parents’ perceptions were along the manner of distributing modules, retrieval of modules, time allotment for learning activities, the learning activities in the module, assessment and observance of safety and health protocols in the distribution and retrieval of modules. Questionnaires were distributed to the parents through the Purok Leaders who were responsible in the distribution and retrieval of the learning modules. Weighted mean was used to analyze the responses of the parents in the questionnaires. Finding revealed that parents mostly agreed to the strategies in the distributing modules, retrieval of modules, time allotment for learning activities, the learning activities in the module, assessment and highly agreed to the observance of safety and health protocols in the distribution and retrieval of modules. However, parents claimed that time allotment in the completion of learning activities was insufficient since the activities were so many. In addition, some parents claimed that they could not understand some topics in the module so they could not help their children in answering the learning activities. The research then recommendedfor a review of the learning activities and conduct seminar for parents to guide them in assisting their children during their “classes “at home. An action plan was developed to improve the implementation of the modular learning in the new normal.
Awareness, Attitude, Implementation and Academic Performance in Science Curriculum: A Correlational Study
Authors: Balinario Jick C.
Published: July 2021

The descriptive-correlational research examined the awareness, attitude, and implementation of science spiral curriculum concerning students’ academic performance. Findings revealed that teachers are moderately aware, have a favorable attitude, and moderately implemented the science curriculum, including objectives, methodology, learning resources, and assessment were relatively implemented while facilities were less implemented. It was also determined that they have a satisfactory rating in a science subject regarding students’ performance. The level of awareness, attitude, and implementation of the K to 12 science curriculum regarding sex, academic qualification, and teaching length had no significant difference. Finally, it revealed further that the level of awareness, attitude, and implementation of the spiral progression curriculum to students’ academic performance has no significant relationship to the aforementioned variable. Thus, enhancement programs, skills training, and the procurement of science laboratory equipment are needed to enhance the educational process to meet the K to 12 science curriculum set standards.
Violências de gênero, sexualidade e educação física escolar: como essa questão social vem sendo tratada no contexto escolar
Authors: Balbino Marcela Albertini , Cardoso Priscila Carla , Fonseca Débora Cristina
Published: July 2021

Em busca de tornar a sociedade mais democrática, tem sido cada vez mais recorrente as discussões que giram em torno da violência escolar, principalmente sobre as desigualdades que afetam determinados grupos. Neste trabalho em específico, o objetivo é de entender, a partir de uma amostra de periódicos, como as aulas de Educação Física Escolar (EFE) tem contribuído para o tratamento das violências de gênero e sexualidade dentro da realidade escolar. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram baseados em uma pesquisa bibliográfica, sob perspectiva qualitativa. A coleta de dados consistiu no levantamento da produção bibliográfica que versavam sobre violências de gênero e sexualidade em aulas de EFE dos últimos dez anos, extraídos da Base de dados Scielo. Os dados foram organizados através da análise de conteúdo e divididos em 5 categorias, buscando conhecer o que está contido por trás das palavras do objeto de estudo. Os resultados encontrados foram de 24 artigos, em que 23 deles pertencem a categoria inicial denominada Representações sociais do corpo, sendo 7 os que se enquadram apenas nesta categoria. Desta, emergem outras categorias como: Formação de Professores com 5 artigos; Conteúdos da EFE com 8; Prática Educativa com 2 e Violência Escolar com 2. Estes, indicam que aulas de EFE são tidas como importante instrumento para a maximização das diferenças entre os escolares através de seus conteúdos. Pautados em uma visão biológica de corpo, não consideram que ele é resultado das transformações sociais, culturais e históricas de nossa sociedade. Portanto, é preciso que a EFE repense seu trabalho educativo em busca de assegurar os direitos humanos de todos os escolares que adentram as escolas, principalmente os que não atendem a heteronormatividade.
Apresentação
Authors: Silveira Sergio Roberto
Published: July 2021

Apresentação
História em horário nobre: memória e etnicidade em Roots e Holocaust
Authors: Silva Edson Pedro da
Published: July 2021

A presença de temas históricos complexos na ficção seriada dos Estados Unidos da década de 1970 procurou imprimir ao meio televisivo um desejado padrão de qualidade, contribuindo também para sedimentar determinadas memórias históricas em narrativas sobre grupos étnicos que compõem a formação social do país. Roots (Raízes, 1977) e Holocaust (Holocausto, 1978), produções exemplares do período, destacaram-se por seu pioneirismo e por provocar o debate público de temas históricos traumáticos. Este artigo busca analisar aspectos da produção e as estratégias narrativas destes dois produtos audiovisuais, explicitando, em cada uma das obras, certos limites e possibilidades da representação histórica televisiva na complexa relação entre a História e os discursos de memória.
Imagem-afeção no filme “O Regresso”
Authors: Drigo Maria Ogécia
Published: July 2021

A geração de significados de imagens cinematográficas é o contexto deste artigo, que tem como objetivos contribuir para a compreensão do conceito de imagem-afeção – uma modalidade de imagemmovimento – e sugerir estratégias de análise fílmica. Para tanto, apresentamos reflexões sobre imagem-movimento e imagem-afeção, na perspectiva de Deleuze, na confluência com as categorias fenomenológicas propostas por Peirce, tratamos de análise fílmica e, por fim, realizamos análises de planos-sequência do filme The revenant (O regresso, 2015), de Alejandro G. Iñárritu. Este artigo é relevante por contribuir para redimensionar a análise fílmica tendo como base parte da taxonomia para as imagens cinematográficas proposta por Deleuze.
O documental e o vídeo na trajetória de Roberto Berliner: “quase virei correspondente de guerra”
Authors: França Andréa Martins
Published: July 2021

A importância do livro de Arlindo Machado, Made in Brasil: as linhas de força do vídeo brasileiro, tem sido favorecer – entre outros pontos - uma interrogação sobre a “nova geração de videastas” da perspectiva da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Esta entrevista com Berliner busca responder parte dessa questão a partir de perguntas onde o realizador fala de sua experiência com o vídeo nos anos 1980. Uma das conclusões é que o espaço cultural do Circo Voador foi um lugar importante para a criação de um ambiente marcado por laços afetivos e pela descoberta do vídeo que marcam toda uma geração.
Desmistificações da fotografia: Machado, Wolf e o fotógrafo-montador
Authors: Reis Filho Osmar Gonçalves dos , Ciquini Fabio Henrique
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo, discutiremos as contribuições de Arlindo Machado para uma nova compreensão não só do ato fotográfico, mas do próprio estatuto do fotógrafo na contemporaneidade. Para tal, relacionaremos a obra Street View, do fotógrafo alemão Michael Wolf, com reflexões filosóficas sobre a fotografia desenvolvidas por Flusser, Benjamin e Didi-Huberman em diálogo com Machado. Para este autor, a noção histórica da fotografia está se expandindo e, nessa conjuntura, o lugar do fotógrafo também se transforma. Assim, sugerimos como hipótese que o fotógrafo aparece menos como um “caçador de imagens” e mais como um arqueólogo ou um montador, uma espécie de crítico-colecionador trabalhando a partir de fragmentos, retalhos, sobras de sonhos e imagens.
O passado no presente: memória pessoal, memória coletiva, desencontros
Authors: Xavier Ismail
Published: July 2021

Este artigo analisa a progressão da trama do filme Corpo (2007), de Rubens Rewald e Rossana Foglia, inspirado em fato político de 1990: numa vala clandestina do cemitério de Perus, foram encontradas ossadas de pessoas enterradas anos antes, sem identificação, aí incluídos ex-presos políticos. No filme, entre as ossadas enviadas ao IML, está o corpo de uma jovem, com marcas de tortura, conservado como se tivesse morrido no dia anterior. Este corpo gera tensões entre o médico-legista, que decide investigar o caso, e sua chefe O foco da análise é o conflito entre interesses pessoais e a construção de uma memória coletiva, partindo da noção de “motivo temático”, de Tomachevski, aqui centrada no motivo “o passado no presente” tal como figurado no corpo-enigma. Conclui-se que o filme problematiza a postura de quem, de uma forma ou de outra, faz de suas decisões na vida pessoal ou profissional um espelho dos subterfúgios da política de silêncio de um poder político empenhado em esconder os horrores de seu sistema repressivo.
Genetically Predicted Insomnia in Relation to 14 Cardiovascular Conditions and 17 Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Liu Xinhui , Li Chuanbao , Sun Xiaoru , Yu Yuanyuan , Si Shucheng , Hou Lei , Yan Ran , Yu Yifan , Li Mingzhuo , Li Hongkai , Xue Fuzhong
Published: July 2021

Background

This Mendelian randomization study aims to investigate causal associations between genetically predicted insomnia and 14 cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) as well as the potential mediator role of 17 cardiometabolic risk factors.

Methods and Results

Using genetic association estimates from large genome‐wide association studies and UK Biobank, we performed a 2‐sample Mendelian randomization analysis to estimate the associations of insomnia with 14 CVD conditions in the primary analysis. Then mediation analysis was conducted to explore the potential mediator role of 17 cardiometabolic risk factors using a network Mendelian randomization design. After correcting for multiple testing, genetically predicted insomnia was consistent significantly positively associated with 9 of 14 CVDs, those odds ratios ranged from 1.13 (95% CI, 1.08–1.18) for atrial fibrillation to 1.24 (95% CI, 1.16–1.32) for heart failure. Moreover, genetically predicted insomnia was consistently associated with higher body mass index, triglycerides, and lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, each of which may act as a mediator in the causal pathway from insomnia to several CVD outcomes. Additionally, we found very little evidence to support a causal link between insomnia with abdominal aortic aneurysm, thoracic aortic aneurysm, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycemic traits, renal function, and heart rate increase during exercise. Finally, we found no evidence of causal associations of genetically predicted body mass index, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, or triglycerides on insomnia.

Conclusions

This study provides evidence that insomnia is associated with 9 of 14 CVD outcomes, some of which may be partially mediated by 1 or more of higher body mass index, triglycerides, and lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Multi‐Institutional Practice‐Patterns in Fetal Congenital Heart Disease Following Implementation of a Standardized Clinical Assessment and Management Plan
Authors: Afshar Yalda , Hogan Whitnee J. , Conturie Charlotte , Sunderji Sherzana , Duffy Jennifer Y. , Peyvandi Shabnam , Boe Nina M. , Melber Dora , Fajardo Viviana M. , Tandel Megha D. , Holliman Kerry , Kwan Lorna , Satou Gary , Moon‐Grady Anita J.
Published: July 2021

Background

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease has been associated with early‐term delivery and cesarean delivery (CD). We implemented a multi‐institutional standardized clinical assessment and management plan (SCAMP) through the University of California Fetal‐Maternal Consortium. Our objective was to decrease early‐term (37–39 weeks) delivery and CD in pregnancies complicated by fetal congenital heart disease using a SCAMP methodology to improve practice in a high‐risk and clinically complex setting.

Methods and Results

University of California Fetal‐Maternal Consortium site‐specific management decisions were queried following SCAMP implementation. This contemporary intervention group was compared with a University of California Fetal‐Maternal Consortium historical cohort. Primary outcomes were early‐term delivery and CD. A total of 496 maternal–fetal dyads with prenatally diagnosed congenital heart disease were identified, 185 and 311 in the historical and intervention cohorts, respectively. Recommendation for later delivery resulted in a later gestational age at delivery (38.9 versus 38.1 weeks,
P
=0.01). After adjusting for maternal age and site, historical controls were more likely to have a CD (odds ratio [OR],1.8; 95% CI, 2.1–2.8;
P
=0.004) and more likely (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.4–3.3) to have an early‐term delivery than the intervention group. Vaginal delivery was recommended in 77% of the cohort, resulting in 61% vaginal deliveries versus 50% in the control cohort (
P
=0.03). Among pregnancies with major cardiac lesions (n=373), vaginal birth increased from 51% to 64% (
P
=0.008) and deliveries ≥39 weeks increased from 33% to 48% (
P
=0.004).

Conclusions

Implementation of a SCAMP decreased the rate of early‐term deliveries and CD for prenatal congenital heart disease. Development of clinical pathways may help standardize care, decrease maternal risk secondary to CD, improve neonatal outcomes, and reduce healthcare costs.
The Fuse; Its Refusal: Notes on the Politics of Burnout
Authors:   The Friends of Attention
Published: July 2021

Friends of Attention: What is the relationship between the “fuse” of a bomb and the “fuse” of a fuse box? How do their respective “burnouts” figure the relationship between precarity and protection? In a set of propositional meditations, a working group of the collective known as The Friends of Attention (who concern themselves with theorizing and cultivating modes of attention resistant to monetization) attempts to overload the circuit of burnout politics. Can we refuse what is broken? Can we defuse what seems about to blow?
Powering Down
Authors: Crary Jonathan
Published: July 2021

The essay is a brief set of reflections by the author on his book 24/7 five years after its publication and on its possible continuing relevance for artists. It notes the worsening of what the book identified as features of the non-stop operations of global capitalism, including intensifying environmental devastation, widening economic inequality, the deathliness of billionaire culture, and the collapse of longstanding forms of social solidarity and mutual support.
Sleeping in the Cinema
Authors: Ma Jean
Published: July 2021

In the 1940s and 50s, Weegee shot a considerable number of photographs in New York City's movie theaters. These photos contribute important insights on the history of cinema spectatorship in the form of visual arguments about the movie audience. This article places the images in dialogue with theories and histories of the disembodied spectator. It discusses the photographer's particular fascination with sleeping moviegoers. The sleepy filmgoer embodies simultaneously the model and counter-model of spectatorial attention. This figure focalizes a strand of theory that associates filmic reception with scattered, dispersive forms of attention that stray from aesthetic or disciplinary norms of absorption.
Screening Memories
Authors: Weinstock Jane
Published: July 2021

Through the lenses of feminism and psychoanalysis, this essay traces the use of screens, both literal and metaphoric, in the performance and video-installation works of the multi-disciplinary artist Suzanne Bocanegra. These complex pieces engage with ideas around voyeurism, identification, and screen memory, evoking Bocanegra's idiosyncratic cultural history of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Christic Visions and the Resurrection Appearances of Jesus
Authors: Smith Stephen H.
Published: July 2021

Recently, scholars have shown an increasing interest in comparing the resurrection appearances of Jesus with contemporary accounts of Christic visions, the aim being to show a line of formal continuity between them. Phillip Wiebe avers that neither Jesus’s resurrection appearances nor these contemporary events are explicable on a scientific basis alone, and require a mysterious X-factor in order to justify them fully. I argue that the physicalist stance taken in the later Gospel narratives does not belong to this trajectory, and that the visionary import of the earlier accounts, with which modern Christic visions do have something in common, does not necessarily require the supernaturalist explanation suggested.
Managing Invasive Alien Species by the European Union: Lessons Learnt
Authors: Krämer Ludwig
Published: July 2021

The contribution concentrates on the fight against invasive alien species within the European Union (EU), which groups 27 States. In 2014, the EU adopted a regulation to identify and manage invasive alien species. This regulation and its monitoring are discussed in detail, in order to see, what lessons can be learnt from the cooperation and concertation of the different states.
A note on the author citation and typification of Cineraria aurantiaca Hoppe (Tephroseris integrifolia subsp. aurantiaca; Asteraceae)
Authors: BARTOLUCCI FABRIZIO , VILLANI MARIACRISTINA , GALASSO GABRIELE
Published: July 2021

The genus Tephroseris (Rchb. in Mössler 1829: 1498) Reichenbach (1841: 87) comprises 15 (Cufodontis 1933) to about 50 (Nordenstam 2007) species distributed in Europe, Asia, and North America. Tephroseris integrifolia (Linnaeus 1753: 925) Holub (1973: 173) subsp. aurantiaca “(Hoppe ex Willdenow 1803: 2081) Nordenstam (1978: 44)” is a name currently accepted for a subspecies native to Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Switzerland, Ukraine, and Balkan Peninsula (Greuter 2006+, CWG 2021, POWO 2021, WFO 2021). In Italy it was recorded by mistake (Bartolucci et al. 2018, 2020).
Simpson, M.G. & Rebman, J.P. (2021) Research in Boraginaceae: A new variety of Cryptantha maritima, Cryptantha pondii resurrected, and Johnstonella echinosepala transferred back to Cryptantha. Phytotaxa 509: 185–210.
Authors: SIMPSON M.G. , REBMAN JON P.
Published: July 2021

Erratum
Design an Enzyme-Less Sensitive Sensor for Cholesterol Detection Based on Poly Brucine/Polyvinylpyrrolidone Film
Authors: Taghiee Karaji Nahid , Kaki Samineh , Babakhanian Arash
Published: July 2021

In the current study, the main focus is designing a new enzyme-less modified electrode based on the electro deposition of Poly Brucine/Polyvinylpyrrolidone on pencil graphite electrode and its utilizing for cholesterol quantification. The electrochemical responses of the proposed sensor were recorded using cyclic and square wave voltammetry techniques for detection of cholesterol at optimized pH =2. The morphology investigations of the modified surfaces were performed by scanning electron microscopy and the obtained images verified Nano formations in the structure of the sensor. The proposed electrochemical sensor revealed a good electro catalytic response to cholesterol concerning the parametersα= 0.83,log Ks= 3.11 and Γ = 8.55 × 10T8. Besides, the calibration plot was acquired with a linear portion in the concentration ranges of 25 to 95 nmol L−1(nM) and the detection limit (LOD = 8.28 nM). The designed sensor demonstrated the reproducible and repeat-able outputs, the high sensitivity and stability in analyzing cholesterol as well as recoveries in blood serum samples without any side serious interferences.
Fifty-Five Books That Shaped Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Hershenson David B.
Published: July 2021

This article attempts to construct a history of the first half-century of the field of rehabilitation counseling by identifying the seminal books that initiated or documented significant developments in the field. Those books fall into three categories: (a) books on theories and principles of human behavior, vocations, and counseling that underlie rehabilitation counseling practice (9 books); (b) books on disability (9 books); and (c) books on rehabilitation (37 books). By arraying books in each subcategory in chronological order, one can trace the evolution of the field. Unmet and future needs of the literature are suggested.
Arab integration in new and established mixed cities in Israel
Authors: Diab Ahmed Baker , Shdema Ilan , Schnell Izhak
Published: July 2021

The segregation or integration of minority groups is a core issue in contemporary urban fabrics. The literature tends to highlight the difference between ethnic groups while diversity within them receives less attention. This study addresses such differences by looking at Arab residents of ethnically mixed Israeli cities. Specifically, it highlights religious affiliation and community standing (in terms of being an old/new city) by comparing three Arab subgroups: Muslims and Christians from Haifa and Christians from Nof HaGalil. Uncovering these variations, we use Schnell’s multidimensional model of segregation/integration relating to 12 dimensions of economic, social, cultural and emotional capitals. The study employed 222 questionnaires and GPS loggers to track the respondents’ daily movements. The results reflected different patterns of integration/segregation between the three communities, with Haifa Christians exhibiting wider and deeper integration compared with Nof HaGalil’s Christian residents and Haifa Muslims. Additionally, the high diversity within each group demonstrates the complexities of integration/segregation processes combining structural issues and personal choices.
The criminal trial as a live event: Exploring how and why live blogs change the professional practices of judges, defence lawyers and prosecutors
Authors: Flower Lisa , Ahlefeldt Marie-Sophie
Published: July 2021

Live blogging from legal trials has become one of the most accessible ways in which the public can gain direct insight into legal proceedings, particularly in countries where television cameras are denied entry into the courtroom. Whilst live blogging constitutes an important way of ensuring the transparency and openness of legal processes and documents – a principle known as open justice and a key component of many democratic societies – the risks stemming from opening up the courts not only to more immediate and detailed scrutiny, but also to a larger, virtual audience are lesser known. A deeper understanding of how a legal trial’s transformation into a live event due to live blogs has impacted on the legal sphere is therefore needed. The aims of this article are thus twofold: to show how live blogs are changing legal professionals’ work practices and to discuss what it is about live blogs that leads to these changes in professional practices. The analysis draws on qualitative interviews with legal professionals in Sweden and Denmark and finds that live blogs increase reflection in professional performances stemming from an awareness of performing to a virtual audience. Surveillance thus leads to performance adjustment. Live blogs also lead to changes in professionals practices and transform the audience/participant boundary into a fluid one most notably regarding the Danish respondents in comparison to those in Sweden. The article also suggests a hierarchy of liveness with live blogs considered to be less intrusive than televised trials.
Use of bivalirudin for anticoagulation in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
Authors: Kaushik Shubhi , Derespina Kim R , Chandhoke Swati , Shah Dhara D , Cohen Taylor , Shlomovich Mark , Medar Shivanand S , Peek Giles J
Published: July 2021

This study describes the use of bivalirudin in children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Pediatric patients receiving bivalirudin were compared to patients receiving heparin as the anticoagulant on ECMO. Data was collected for children under 18 years of age supported by ECMO from January 2016 to December 2019. Data collected included demographics, diagnosis, ECMO indication, type, and duration, indication for bivalirudin use, dose range, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) levels, minor and major bleeding, hemolysis, and mortality. Forty pediatric patients received ECMO; eight received bivalirudin primarily for anticoagulation. The median age was 4 months (IQR 0.5, 92) in the heparin cohort, 0.6 months (IQR 0.0, 80.0) in the primary bivalirudin cohort. The indication for ECMO was respiratory in 5 patients (18%) in the heparin group versus 6 (75%) in the primary bivalirudin group, cardiac in 18 (67%) in heparin versus 1 (12.5%) in primary bivalirudin, and extracorporeal-cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR) in 4 (15%) in heparin versus 1 (12.5%) in primary bivalirudin. Bivalirudin was the initial anticoagulant for eight patients (66.6%) while three (25%) were switched due to concern for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and one (8%) for heparin resistance. The median time to achieve therapeutic aPTT was 14.5 hours compared to 12 hours in the heparin group. Sixty-five percent of aPTT values in the bivalirudin and 44% of values in the heparin group were in the therapeutic range in the first 7 days. Patients with primary bivalirudin use had significantly lower dose requirement at 12 (p = 0.003), 36 (p = 0.007), and 48 (p = 0.0002) hours compared to patients with secondary use of bivalirudin. One patient (12.5%) had major bleeding, and two patients (25%) required circuit change in the primary bivalirudin cohort. Bivalirudin may provide stable and successful anticoagulation in children. Further large, multicenter studies are needed to confirm these findings.