bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Execution of sentences and community work: organizational dimension and role of the social worker of ministry of justice in italy
Authors: Esposito Maurizio
Published: May 2022

Article 27 of the Italian Constitution reads as follows: “Criminal responsibility is personal. The accused is not considered guilty until the final sentence. The penalties cannot consist of treatments contrary to the sense of humanity and must aim at the re-education of the offender. The death penalty is not allowed” (our translation).

Fundamentally important is the international legislation on the rights of detained persons, which is based on the “Universal Declaration of Human Rights” (1948), stating in Article 5: “No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment”. This proposition is the cornerstone that affected all future directives concerning the protection of detained people.

In Italy, the office for external penal execution, as a peripheral branch of the Ministry of Justice, is called to contribute, in addition to social security, to the reintegration and rehabilitation of sentenced persons. Obviously, this can only be possible through collaboration and sharing with the apparatuses and bodies of society, with particular reference to the role of the Third sector.

Therefore, one of the main roles of the social workers of Italian Ministry of Justice is to guatantee the involvement of civil society, the promotion of a culture of solidarity and reintegration within the community to which the detainee belongs, reconstructing a sense of communityship and the broken citizen bond.
The freedom to be sustainable, from the past to the future
Authors: Ferioli Matteo , Freitas Mónica , Spulber Diana
Published: May 2022

This study aims to investigate the historical evolution of the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR), with a particular focus on the main theories and events that led it to no longer be a voluntary choice but a necessity for the company’s long-term survival. The article will first analyze the main definitions in the literature to determine the aspects that characterize it. Subsequently, using a theoretical approach, a literature review will be performed to describe its historical evolution, starting from its birth during the Industrial Revolution period (1760-1840) up to the present day. The analysis results show that, in the scientific debate, the CSR concept was initially focused on the workers’ well-being and, subsequently, it expanded its scope and significance to include all stakeholders’ categories. Furthermore, it emerged that CSR become a necessity for the companies’ long-term survival, especially in the post-pandemic period. For this reason, companies must develop new business models to face sustainability issues and meet social needs.
Relations between a Country and a Continent: China and Africa. A first and not a simple matter......
Authors: Varani Nicoletta
Published: May 2022

Through this contribution of a geopolitical approach, the author intends to propose an updated and accurate framework on the relations between China and Africa as well as some critical reflections on various geopolitical and geo-economic aspects concerning the intense development of the diversified economic relations between China and the different African States.

China’s foreign economic policy in Africa has laid solid foundations through the implementation of the various Sino-African Cooperation Forums that have taken place since 2000 and that have seen an increasing involvement of the Chinese government in the process.

This paper intends to make a brief reflection on China’s visible economic and geopolitical interest in the African Continent as a whole. The analysis that follows traces the main stages in the history of relations between China and Africa, emphasizing the increased importance of the Sino-African forums that led to what is now known as Chinese neo-colonization. In addition, the case studies of the Silk Road and the Rare Lands are highlighted. Finally, some of the social impacts of the Chinese presence in Africa are also examined such as the construction of new cities for the Chinese migrant population and the teaching of the Chinese language (Mandarin) in schools in some African Countries.
Modelling of in Earthen Dam Under the Effect of Seismic Loading, Case of the Taksebt Dam (Algeria)
Authors: Belmihoub H. , Hamza A. , Mesboua N.
Published: May 2022

The prediction of displacements in earthen dams after seismic loading is necessary to ensure their proper functioning. In this study, the finite element software plaxis 2D is used to model the nonlinear dynamic behavior (elasto-plastic) of the embankment dam solicited by real seismic records. The earth dam considered in our case study is the Taksebt dam located in the north-east of Algeria. The main steps of the modeling are the following: first the dam of Taksebt was analyzed under seismic stresses without water (empty). Then the dam of Taksebt is subjected to the same seismic records with water (full). The comparison of the study cases allows us to estimate the displacements in the two main directions (horizontal and vertical).The results obtained show the ability to estimate the displacements in an embankment dam under seismic excitation. In addition, the analysis time will be reduced considerably by considering the two extreme cases of seismic loading.
Some Historical Aspects of the Establishment and Development of the “Vor V Zakone” E Bis Institute
Authors: Tsereteli Ioseb
Published: May 2022

Organized crime is the most dangerous type of criminal activity because organized crime associations run the criminal environment and commit various types of serious criminal acts. The fight against organized crime is, therefore, a priority for individual countries as well as for the world community as a whole. To combat this phenomenon, the United Nations adopted the Convention against Transnational Organized Crime on November 15, 2000, which has been ratified by many countries around the world. In addition, one of the types of organized crime is the so-called “thieves in law” institute, which originated in the former Soviet Union and is known around the world as the Russian mafia, namely the Russian term “Vory v Zakone”, which means “thieves in law”. means. Today, their criminal activities are widespread in many countries. We believe that in order to fight against this criminal association, it is necessary to study the history of its emergence and development. That is why our goal is the so-called. A study of the history of the institute of “thieves in law” and some peculiarities.
Assesment of the Quality of Reporting Information on CO2 Emission Rights on the Example of Energy Sector Groups Listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Strojek-Filus Marzena , Sulik-Górecka Aleksandra
Published: May 2022

Poland is a participant to the European Union Emissions Trading System, which aims at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Trading CO2 emission rights has become a strategic area from the point of view of managing entities that emit CO2. The aim of the paper is to investigate and identify discrepancies in the presentation and valuation of CO2 emission allowances, CO2 emission provision liabilities in reporting, and to assess the impact of these discrepancies on compliance with the true and fair view principle on top of the informative value of the financial statements. An in-depth qualitative analysis was used to examine disclosures of CO2 emission rights in the 2020 consolidated financial statements coming from the largest energy sector groups listed in the WIG Energy Index of the Warsaw Stock Exchange in light of the relevant legal acts and literature. As a result of the research conducted, it was confirmed that groups of companies carry out a range of CO2 emission rights balance classification and valuation. There were also significant discrepancies in the disclosure of information about the creation and valuation of provisions for liabilities due to CO2 emissions. The discrepancies observed in the audited entities’ balance-sheet presentations and valuation of the acquired CO2 emission allowances and reserves resulting from IAS/IFRS in practice distorts the comparability of data presented in the financial statements. The research also revealed differences in scope of disclosed information, as well as its fragmentary nature. As a result, the comparison of data between groups in the energy sector in terms of their assets is impossible. Our study fills a research gap on the effects of using IFRS for the presentation and valuation of CO2 emission rights in the Polish energy sector and the impact of a differentiated approach to disclosures on the true and fair view conception in financial reporting.
Prediction Model of the Pandemic Spreading Based on Weibull Distribution
Authors: Guľáš Ľuboš , Talian Matej , Szabo Stanislav , Semrádová Beáta
Published: May 2022

Pandemics have the potential to cause immense disruption of our everyday activities and has impact on the communities and societies mainly through the restrictions applied to the business activities, services, manufacturing, but also education, transportation etc. Therefore, it is important to create suitable prediction models to establish convenient methods for the planning of the operations and processes to cope with the difficulty. In this paper, the prediction model for the spread of the viral disease in term of the estimated maximal weekly confirmed cases and weekly deaths using the Weibull distribution as a theoretical model for statistical data processing is presented. The theoretical prediction model was applied and confirmed on the data available for the whole world and compared to the situation in Europe and Slovakia for the pandemic waves and can be used for the more precise prediction of the pandemic situation and to enhance planning of the activities and processes regarding to the restrictions applied during the worsening pandemic situation.
Relationship between applied load and clearance in suture knots
Authors:   Department of Biomedical, Industrial and Human Factors Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA, Shermadou Amena S. , Lindheim Steven R. ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boomshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA, Yaklic Jerome L. ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boomshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA, Goswami Tarun ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boomshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA
Published: May 2022

Ethicon Coated Vicryl absorbable sutures of different diameters were studied in order to determine if a relationship exists between the load and measured clearance. A prototype was designed to simulate knot location. Tensile tests were conducted on the suture knots followed by clearance measurements after each load level was applied. From the results it was concluded that the measured clearance was directly proportional to the amount of load applied to the suture knot. Also, based on the diameter of the suture, the smaller the diameter, the lower was the total displacement of the knot or the clearance.
Convergence of legal regulation of circulation of healthcare technologies in international law
Authors: Malichenko Vladislav Sergeevich
Published: May 2022

The subject of the research is the legal regulation of public relations in the process of circulation of healthcare technologies. The purpose of the research is to analyze the features of convergence of legal regulation of the circulation of healthcare technologies in order to develop theoretical and practical proposals to counter modern challenges and threats in this area. The article is prepared using general scientific methods of cognition, including formal-logical and situational, and private-legal methods, such as comparative-legal, historical-legal and formal-legal. The novelty of the research lies in revelation of legal convergence in the system of international law as an important mechanism for the formation of access to safe, high-quality and effective technologies for healthcare and human security. The article summarizes the main threats in the sphere of circulation of healthcare technologies that require the introduction of uniform regulatory standards. The author analyzes the features of the harmonization and integration on the example of the activities of regional integration associations in order to form recommendations for the development of legal regulation of the circulation of healthcare technologies within the common market of the EAEU countries. The novelty of the article lies in the systematic consideration of legal convergence in the system of international law as an important mechanism for the formation of access to safe, high-quality and effective healthcare technologies and ensuring human safety. Justifying the lack of a systematic approach to the convergence of international legal regulation of the circulation of healthcare technologies, the author suggests considering the possibility of preparing a normative legal act of a universal nature in this area, by analogy with codifying conventions in other branches of international law. The author analyzes the features of the harmonization and integration on the example of the activities of regional integration associations in order to form recommendations for the development of legal regulation of the circulation of healthcare technologies within the framework of the common market of the EAEU countries
Analysis of the lexico-semantic group "day/昼夜" in Russian and Chinese linguocultures
Authors: Wang Suyue
Published: May 2022

The article is an analysis of the lexico-semantic group, which is an important part of the study of semantics. The relevance of the research topic is due to the great research significance and value of studying linguoculture in various national language pictures of the world. The day as a part of time is the main key concept for the study of time, and the study of time for the analysis of differences and similarities between the language and culture of different countries and peoples has become a hot topic for scientists of the linguistic community. The purpose of the work is to consider the specific differences and similarities between the lexemes "day" of the Russian and Chinese languages by highlighting the lexico-semantic group. The article also analyzes the term "day" in order to identify differences in the linguistic worldview of different nationalities.   As the main methods of analysis and research, the component method was used, which allows a deeper and more detailed interpretation of the lexeme "day" and its lexico-semantic group in two language pictures of the world. The scientific novelty of the work is to identify the differences and similarities between the Russian and Chinese languages and culture through the reflection of various details and a detailed analysis of the lexico-semantic group with the allocation of the "measurement of time", "movement of the sun and moon", "human activity" in it. The differences and similarities in the perception of time by a person in different linguistic pictures of the world are demonstrated.
L’énonciation comme addition de soustractions : niches sémiotiques, instances énonçantes et sense-making
Authors: PAOLUCCI Claudio
Published: May 2022

Dans cet article, je me propose de réfléchir au rapport entre notre niche écologique, qui est faite aussi des formations discursives à travers lesquelles nous habitons l’environnement, et les différentes formes d’acte et d’actantialité qui régulent et produisent les formations discursives qui nous permettent de « meubler » notre environnement, en transformant la niche écologique en une véritable niche sémiotique. La notion clé pour penser la relation entre environnement sémiotique et acte est, me semble-t-il, celle d’énonciation. J’essaierai de proposer une nouvelle théorie ergative et impersonnelle de l’énonciation comme « addition de soustractions », et de repenser l’agency de cet acte qui n’appartient pas au sujet mais à une multiplicité d’instances énonçantes produisant l’environnement sémiotique qui, à son tour, les produit.
De la blessure christique à la blessure biopolitique. Morgue de Andres Serrano
Authors: Mengoni Angela
Published: May 2022

Dans Morgue (Cause of Death) (1992), Andres Serrano photographie en détail, sur de grands formats, les traces de violence sur des cadavres anonymes, comme la blessure sur le pied dans Rat Poison Suicide II au sujet de laquelle la blessure du Christ dans le sépulcre a été régulièrement évoquée. L’article envisage cette relation, non pas comme une source iconographique, mais comme le lieu d’une élaboration figurale entre corps-enveloppe et chair. Si pour l’iconographie chrétienne la blessure garde le statut d’un transit vers un corps glorieux, la scène de la morte violente est plutôt le lieu où le corps de la modernité tardive laisse affleurer ce fond biologique du vivant qui n’est plus, ainsi que l’écrit Foucault, le « soubassement inaccessible qui n’émerge que de temps en temps, dans le hasard de la mort et sa fatalité » mais entre dans le « champ d’intervention du pouvoir ». En suivant cette dynamique figurale du seuil entre bìos et zoe on reviendra sur le statut du corps suicidaire, un paradoxe pour le pouvoir biopolitique de stimulation de la vie.
Difendere la violenza. Le retoriche dei perpetratori
Authors: Panico Mario , Violi Patrizia
Published: May 2022

Questo articolo cerca di riflettere sulle organizzazioni narrative e discorsive della violenza, proponendo una tipologia semiotica che prende in considerazione due fasi specifiche che corrispondono grosso modo alle categorie di violenza privata vs. pubblica, o collettiva, che hanno diverse Destinazione e forme di Agency.Nel primo caso, esamineremo l’oggetto verso cui è diretta l’azione violenta; nel secondo, le giustificazioni retoriche che il soggetto violento adotta rispetto alla propria azione. Tra le diverse forme di violenza privata, considereremo quelle che sono dirette contro un oggetto individuale. È il caso, per esempio, della violenza domestica, dove un marito che uccide la moglie attiva un sistema di passioni specificamente diretto verso l’oggetto; della violenza verso un oggetto generico, come le azioni su individui considerati come istanze di un certo tipo generale (gruppi minoritari, comunità lgbtqi, ecc.); e della violenza in sé, che non ha un oggetto definito a priori. Nella seconda parte, discuteremo della violenza collettiva, e in particolare delle forme retoriche con cui gli autori giustificano le loro azioni. Analizzeremo anche le diverse strategie enunciative che vengono utilizzate per trasformare le azioni violente in comportamenti giustificabili.
A violência estrutural de gênero nas obras Mrs. Dalloway e As Horas
Authors: DE OLIVEIRA Taís , MENDES SALIBY Gizelia
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo, discutimos a violência sofrida pelas personagens femininas em Mrs. Dalloway (Woolf, 1925) e sua adaptação The Hours (Daldry, 2002). As expectativas socioculturais recaem sobre elas, que têm suas vidas invadidas por sugestões externas, ditadas por figuras masculinas de poder, que visam impor a forma como as mulheres devem imprimir as suas formas de estar no mundo. As expectativas da sociedade e de seus maridos – para além das prescrições médicas – tentam limitar as mulheres a apenas um papel temático (Greimas; Courtés, 2008), em torno do qual as suas singularidades se perdem. A repressão da sexualidade em The Hours passa pelo silenciamento dos impulsos sexuais de Virginia e de Laura, configurando uma forma de violência estabelecida em favor da manutenção do status quo social. Em Mrs. Dalloway, Clarissa e Sally têm a sua proximidade interrompida em favor das expectativas sociais. Os sujeitos que não se submetem à modalização pretendida de ter de fazer ou ter de ser, não suportam o modo de vida sugerido, procurando soluções como o suicídio ou a fuga.
Multi-fidelity machine learning models for improved high-throughput screening predictions
Authors: Buterez David , Janet Jon Paul , Kiddle Steven , Liò Pietro
Published: May 2022

High throughput screening (HTS) is one of the leading techniques for hit identification in drug discovery and is often done in two phases, primary and confirmatory. The resulting data is multi-fidelity, with noisy primary screening data available on a large number of compounds and higher quality confirmatory data on a low-to-moderate number of compounds. Existing computational pipelines do not integrate primary and confirmatory screening data of individual HTS campaigns, resulting in millions of potentially useful screening data points being unused in models of confirmatory bioactivity prediction. Furthermore, there is currently a lack of publicly available multi-fidelity bioactivity benchmarks to support modelling real-world high-throughput screening data. To address these challenges, we first compiled a public collection of 23 multi-fidelity HTS datasets from PubChem for benchmarking, including more than 6.1 million data points. Additionally, we assembled a private collection of 19 AstraZeneca HTS datasets, spanning more than 22.8 million data points. We then designed and evaluated machine learning models to assess the improvements offered by the integration of multi-fidelity data, including classical machine learning and novel deep learning approaches, the latter based on graph neural networks. Jointly modelling primary and confirmatory data led to a decrease of 12% in mean absolute error (MAE) and an increase of 152% in R-squared on the public datasets, and a reduction of 17% in MAE coupled with an uplift of 46% in R-squared on the AstraZeneca datasets (averaged across all evaluated methods). Furthermore, supplementing with molecular embeddings produced by previously trained deep learning models led to improved metrics for compounds that were not part of the primary screen, with up to double the baseline performance. We conclude that joint modelling of multi-fidelity HTS data improves predictive performance and that deep learning enables the use of unique and highly desirable strategies such as leveraging signals from multi-million scale datasets and transfer learning.
Ultrafast Laser Pulse Generation by Mode Locking: Matlab-based Demonstrations
Authors: Goun Alexei , Glusac Ksenija
Published: May 2022

Ultrafast laser spectroscopy is a valuable and increasingly accessible technique for studies of rapid chemical reactions. Critical to ultrafast spectroscopy is the concept of mode-locking, a technique that enables a fixed phase relationship between laser modes, resulting in laser pulses with very short duration (in the fs or ps range). Despite an increasing importance of ultrafast lasers in chemistry, the introduction of key concepts behind their operation into the undergraduate and graduate chemistry coursework has been limited. To help the incorporation of these topics into chemistry courses, we report here a hands-on activity that helps students develop an intuitive understanding of the factors that impact electromagnetic wave evolution in optical cavities and the process of mode-locking. We first provide the theoretical background by introducing cavity modes and contrasting them with well-known propagating electromagnetic waves. We then explore what happens when modes are added and how the relative phase between the modes affect their behavior. In the second section of the manuscript, three teaching modules are provided, along with associated Matlab codes and animated images, that can be used in the classroom to introduce concepts of cavity modes and mode-locking. These teaching modules start by contrasting propagating electromagnetic waves with cavity modes, then illustrate what happens when multiple modes are present in the cavity and how the relative phase between the modes affects the overall electromagnetic fields in the cavity.
Optical tactile sensor using scattering inside sol–gel-derived flexible macroporous monoliths
Authors: Hayase Gen
Published: May 2022

Tactile sensors are an essential technology for robots, and various types have been developed. This paper reports on a new optical tactile sensor based on multiple scattering in a porous material with a viscoelastic phase-separated structure fabricated by a sol-gel method. When a macroporous silicone monolith with a few micrometer diameter skeletons was compressed, the diffuse light intensity near the light source was reduced due to Mie multiple scattering. A simple tactile sensor using a macroporous monolith and a photo reflector was fabricated based on this finding. The skeleton diameter was an important factor for the sensor. In the case of macroporous silicones, the voltage-strain curve showed an almost hysteresis-free clear response. However, the response of macroporous polymethylmethacrylate monolith with a smaller skeleton diameter was weak due to low Mie scattering intensity. Using cell structure materials with a scale much larger than the optical wavelength, a decrease in light intensity with compression was not observed. Sensors using sol-gel-derived flexible macroporous monoliths could provide features such as thinness and improved surface tactility.
Unravelling the synthesis of a rare-earth cluster-based metal–organic framework with spn topology
Authors: Bicalho Hudson A. , Saraci Felix , Velazquez-Garcia Jose de J. , Titi Hatem M. , Howarth Ashlee J.
Published: May 2022

Y-CU-45, an analogue of Zr-MOF-808, is synthesized for the first time. Several reaction conditions are tested demonstrating that two fluorinated modulators are required for a reproducible synthesis yielding high quality material. Y-CU-45 shows high crystallinity and surface area, shining light on the potential for rare-earth cluster-based MOFs with open metal sites.
New approaches to the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and the prevention of bacterial complications: A review
Authors: Miroshnichenko Nina A. , Lvov Nikolai I.
Published: May 2022

The article discusses the current problems of the treatment of acute respiratory infections, excessive use of antibiotics and the growth of resistance to them, which is ahead of the development of effective antimicrobial drugs. The results of the research of a new drug (Rafamin) are presented. Rafamin is combining antiviral and antibacterial effects, and may be in demand both for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and for the prevention of bacterial complications. The mechanism of action of the drug is associated with the activation of immune mechanisms involved in the recognition of pathogens of both viral and bacterial nature and the launch of a subsequent humoral and cellular response that ensures the elimination of the pathogen. The effects of Rafamin are realized due to targeted effects on the system of the major histocompatibility complex, interferon gamma and CD4-receptor of T-lymphocytes.
Changes in cash levels of public companies in Poland in the period 2001–2019
Authors: Gajdka Jerzy , Pietraszewski Piotr
Published: May 2022

Background: The subject of this paper is related to cash management and determinants of companies’ cash holdings within the framework of corporate finance theory. One phenomenon that has received considerable attention is the upward trend in cash holdings of US public firms, which has been explored in a number of US studies. There are no studies explaining whether cash management trends in Poland are similar to those observed in the biggest world economy. In empirical studies devoted to cash management in Poland, the analysis of aggregate data has been of little interest.

Research purpose: The focus of this article is on presenting the course of changes in cash holdings maintained by public companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in the period from 2001 to 2019 and explaining them in the framework of corporate finance theory.

Methods: Changes in the average and aggregate cash-to-assets ratio were analysed. In order to determine how these changes of cash-to-assets ratios are explained with changes of selected macro- and microeconomic variables, linear regression models for firm-averages and panel data models were estimated.

Conclusions: The study shows that changes in cash holdings of listed companies in Poland differed from the trends observed among big US corporations. It also indicates that companies’ approaches to cash management were very much aligned with that explained by the finance theory
Prediction of diffusion coefficient for losses of minerals from potato during
frying
Authors: Samir Z.T. , Saeed S.K. , Mohammed N.K. , Abdul-Rezzak R.K.
Published: May 2022

This study assessed the diffusion coefficient (Da) for mineral losses from potatoes during
the frying process under various conditions by using the solution to Fick’s second law for
a slab of infinite extent in non-dimensionalized form. Diffusion coefficient values
increased as potato cube frying temperature increased from 65°C to 95°C in 16 mins.
Calcium (Ca) had values ranging between 3.693×10-10 to 3.9872×10-10 M
2
S
-1
; Iron (Fe)
ranged between 2.931×10-10 to 3.314×10-10 M
2
S
-1
; Magnesium (Mg) ranged between
5.576×10-10 to 7.666×10-10 M
2
S
-1
; Potassium (K) ranged between 7.841×10-10 to 8.516×10-
10 M
2
S
-1
, and Sodium (Na) ranged between 2.823×10-10 to 3.513×10-10 M
2
S
-1
. It was found
that the effect of temperature on the diffusion coefficient had an Arrhenius-type equation
correlation. Activation energy values for Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na loss in potato were 10.49 kJ/
mol, 8.17 kJ/mol, 12.85 kJ/mol, 11.16 kJ/mol, and 9.98 kJ/mol, respectively. It was found
that the diffusion coefficient (Da) values for minerals losses were independent of diameter
in the 0.5 to 1.5 cm range. Diffusion coefficients (Da) for Ca were observed as 2.961×10-
10 M
2
S
-1
and 2.632×10-10 M
2
S
-1
for 1.0 cm and 0.5 cm diameters, respectively, when tested
at 75°C for 16 mins. Mg had Da values of 6.722×10-10 M
2
S
-1
and 6.891×10-10 M
2
S
-1
at 1.0
cm and 0.5 cm, respectively. Potassium had coefficient values of 8.013×10-10 M
2
S
-1
and
8.319×10-10 M
2
S
-1
at 1.0 cm and 0.5 cm, respectively, at similar testing conditions.
Therefore, dimensions do not affect the diffusion coefficient significantly.
Th17 Cells and Tregs in HTLV-1 Infection
Authors: Nafiseh Saghafi  , Elham Abdollahi , Mofrad Malihe Hasanzadeh
Published: May 2022

HTLV-1 (human T-lymphotropic virus type 1) causes chronic infection of human T lymphocytes. HTLV-1 infection is known to be related to multiple diseases, including neoplastic growth of HTLV-1-infected T cells (ATL) and neoplastic inflammatory conditions, such as HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), Sjögren’s syndrome with arthritis, polymyositis uveitis, and bronchoalveolitis. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) regulate inflammatory cells, such as Th17 cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Tregs and Th17 cells, as well as the expression of related transcription factors (ROR-?t and FOXP3) and cytokines (IL-10, TGF-?, IL-6, and IL-17A) in HTLV-1 infection.
Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer with Elevated Troponin in A Patient with Old Myocardial Infarction: A Case Report
Authors: Ma Peiyao , Kong Shenke , Wang Kun , Wang Xin , Zhang Xuejun , Li Dandan , Zhao Qiang , Zhao Fayun , Zhao Xiangdong , Ji Shuai
Published: May 2022

Penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer (PAU), an uncommon etiology of acute aortic syndrome (AAS), is a potential cause of chest pain seen in emergency departments. As PAU may lead to electrocardiogram (ECG) changes or rarely, elevated troponin levels, it is most likely misdiagnosed as acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Hence, individuals with PAU may be offered potentially life-threatening treatment. This paper reports a case of a 81-year-old male who presented with intermittent chest pain with a history of old inferior myocardial infarction and stent placement in the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) three years ago. Initially, he was diagnosed with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) based on abnormal ECG changes and raised troponin I. However, emergency coronary angiography (CAG) showed no restenosis in the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) but with mild stenosis in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and right coronary artery (RCA). Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) of the whole aorta showed multiple atherosclerotic plaques with penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer in the aortic arch and descending aorta. Endovascular aortic repair with Ankura II covered stent was performed. This case study reminds us that it is clinically difficult to distinguish PAU from ACS. Upon excluding ACS from the diagnosis, we should take into consideration of PAU, especially in elderly patients with positive cTnI.
Особенности синтеза и структурная характеризация углеродных наностенок, полученных из борорганических соединений
Authors: Максимовский Е.А. , Маслова О.В. , Семенова О.И. , Васильева И.Г. , Косинова М.Л.
Published: May 2022

Представлена информация о практической востребованности углеродных наностенок, методах их осаждения, особенно плазмостимулированных, и механизмах формирования с целью показать специфичность метода осаждения из борорганических прекурсоров. Разработан и реализован процесс формирования слоев пластинчатых форм углеродного материала в виде вертикально ориентированных углеродных наностенок на подложках Si(100), включающий стадию стимулированного плазмой осаждения из паров борорганических соединений при температурах 600—800 °C с последующим отжигом при 900 °C. Триметилборат, триэтилборат и триизопропилборат для формирования углеродных наностенок использованы впервые. Исследовано влияние дизайна исходного борорганического вещества и температуры синтеза на состав и строение углеродных наностенок, синтезированных на подложках Si(100). Показано, что полученные углеродные наностенки состоят из кристаллитов малого размера, но имеют высокую степень графитизации и фазовый чистоты. Предложен и обсуждается механизм зарождения и роста углеродных наностенок.
Физика
Authors:   Национальный исследовательский центр ", Никеров В.А. ,   Курчатовский институт"
Published: May 2022

В учебнике последовательно изложены современные представления механике и молекулярной физике, электродинамике и волновой оптике, квантовой физике. Курс является компактным, но при этом дает цельное представление об основных законах и понятиях современной физики, их взаимосвязи и происхождении. Рассмотрены примеры решения типичных задач и предложен набор задач для самостоятельного решения. Впервые представлена научная аксиоматика современной физики. Акцент в изложении сделан на наиболее перспективные, бурно развивающиеся и финансируемые приложения, и это делает учебник востребованным и современным. В первую очередь речь идет о приложениях физики к современным технологиям, электронике, медицине и биологии. Достоинством учебника является его аналитичность, показывающая связь различных разделов физики. Для студентов образовательных организаций, реализующих программы высшего образования по укрупненной группе направлений подготовки, входящих в раздел «Инженерное дело, технологии и технические науки» (уровень бакалавриата). Может быть также использован для самообразования преподавателями, аспирантами, инженерами и физиками.
Effect of Nitriding Process on Wear Behavior of Dual Phase (Ferrite+Martensite) Ductile Cast Iron
Authors: ERDOĞAN Elif , TOY Şeval Meliha , KESKİN Sevilay , ŞAHİN Ömer , UYAR Ahmet , KILIÇLI Volkan
Published: May 2022

In this study, it was aimed to improve the surface hardness by applying gas nitriding treatment to dual-phase ductile cast iron and to produce ductile cast irons with a good strength-ductility combination. Thus, it has been tried to develop a ductile cast iron with high wear resistance, strength, and ductility. Ductile cast iron specimens with a dual-phase microstructure consisting of ferrite + martensite were produced by oil quenching at 70 °C after intercritical austenitizing at 800 ⁰C in the ferrite + austenite zone. Instead of the tempering process, nitriding treatment was applied to the dual-phase ductile cast iron specimens at 560 °C for 540 minutes. The tempering process required to be applied to the martensitic structure was also performed by the nitriding process and a hard 10 µm thick nitride layer was obtained on the surface. Optical microscope and XRD analysis were performed for microstructural characterization of nitrided dual-phase ductile cast iron specimens. The wear properties were tested with a tribometer. For comparison reasons, microstructural characterization and wear tests were also performed on non-nitrided dual-phase ductile cast iron. In ductile cast iron, microstructures consist of a hard nitride layer (10 µm white layer) on the surface and a ferrite + tempered martensite (43% martensite volume fraction) structure in the center can be produced by oil quenching from intercritical austenitizing and nitriding treatment. Surface hardness of 510 HV in nitrided dual-phase ductile cast iron, 193 HV in dual-phase ductile cast iron, and 353 HV in austempered KGDD were obtained. The lowest weight loss and coefficient of friction were obtained in nitrided dual-phase ductile cast iron. The highest weight loss and friction coefficient values with wear were obtained in dual-phase ductile cast iron. The wear resistance of nitrided dual-phase ductile cast iron is 2 times higher than that of dual-phase ductile cast iron and austempered ductile cast iron.
IMPACT OF RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR ON INDIAN STOCK MARKET - AN EVENT STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO NIFTY 50
Authors: P Gururaj , Kumar K Sanath , C. Bhat Deepa
Published: May 2022

The Russia-Ukraine conflict is a major blow to the global economy as financial backlash unleashed not only in Russia and Ukraine but also in the rest of the world. Both the countries, being prominent international players constitute a major part in global trade especially in the export of wheat, crude oil, raw material for industries and so on. The world market was hit massively on account of invasion of Ukraine by Russia on 24 February 2022, from when the stock markets tanked even in India. This paper is an attempt to understand and analyse the effects of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on Indian stock market by taking Nifty-50 index as the base. The Event Study methodology is used in this study, considering the changes in Nifty-50 indices for an event period of 16 days (8 days of estimation period+8 days of observation period) from 8th February 2022 to 4th March 2022. The index values thus obtained and analysed elucidated that there has been a significant impact of Russia-Ukraine war on Nifty-50 in particular and Indian stock market in general.
Haga usted el diagnóstico - Parte I
Authors: Gallo-Echeverri Simón , Ospina-Gómez Juan Pablo , Buitrago Karen Melisa
Published: May 2022

Un obrero de 37 años que reside en la zona urbana de Antioquia, Colombia. Consultó por lesiones anulares pruriginosas de varios años de evolución, las cuales habían sido tratadas con esteroides tópicos y antihistamínicos, sin mejoría. A la revisión por sistemas, refirió disestesias ocasionales en las zonas afectadas y negó otros síntomas. Como antecedentes personales refirió gastritis, rinitis alérgica y tabaquismo activo.
Responsabilidad del médico consigo mismo
Authors: Maya José María
Published: May 2022

Un médico especialista, casado, con tres hijos y con una práctica médica muy exitosa por el alto volumen de pacientes que atiende es internado por un deterioro de su salud mental asociado al diagnóstico de síndrome de burnout (o de desgaste profesional). El médico psiquiatra tratante, además del tratamiento que le prescribe, aconseja a su colega un cambio en el estilo de vida actual, que considera destructivo para su calidad de vida y la de su familia. El médico se niega a aceptar las recomendaciones de su médico tratante e insiste en ser rápidamente dado de alta porque debe reanudar la atención de sus pacientes, que ha quedado suspendida por su proceso de hospitalización. De manera enfática defiende su estilo de vida al considerar que su práctica es muy exitosa y le ha dado un buen nombre en la comunidad científica y la población en general. El psiquiatra tratante insiste en la necesidad de continuar su tratamiento hospitalizado, además de buscar el compromiso de su paciente en hacer un alto en el camino y buscar activamente un replanteamiento de su práctica profesional y su vida cotidiana. Este se siente presionado por su colega tratante y lo acusa ante el comité de ética de la institución de interferir indebidamente con su vida privada, a la vez que solicita la alta voluntaria.
El médico psiquiatra acude al llamado del comité de ética y pide le aclaren si su conducta fue inadecuada. El comité estudia el caso y determina que el médico tratante actuó de acuerdo con las buenas prácticas médicas y con sentido de buen colegaje y recomienda al médico paciente seguir las recomendaciones del psiquiatra.
Influencia de la depilación íntima en la aparición de infecciones vulvovaginales y urinarias. Estudio de corte transversal
Authors: Espitia De La Hoz Franklin José
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: evaluar la influencia de la depilación íntima en la aparición de infecciones vulvovaginales y urinarias (genitourinarias).
Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal. Se incluyeron 861 mujeres mayores de 18 años, con el hábito de depilación íntima, que acudieron a la consulta externa de ginecología, residentes en el Quindío, Colombia, en tres clínicas de alta complejidad, entre 2014 y 2019. El diagnóstico de vaginosis bacteriana se estableció usando la puntuación de Nugent, el de vaginitis (candidiasis o tricomonas) mediante el frotis directo en fresco y la infección urinaria, por urocultivo. Se relacionaron los datos asociados con el tiempo de la práctica de la depilación, la presencia de infecciones genitourinarias, así como la prevalencia.
Resultados: la edad media de la población fue de 27,74 ± 5,19 años. El 29,96 % de las mujeres llevaba depilándose durante un período superior a cinco años y menor de diez años; el 62,36 % reportó diez años o más y el 7,66 %, menos de cinco años. El 84,43 % presentó infecciones genitourinarias, de las cuales, el 41,95 % fueron infecciones vaginales; el 27,37 % presentó infecciones urinarias y el 30,67 %, infecciones vaginales y urinarias de forma concomitante. Se observó una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el tiempo de depilación mayor de cinco años y la aparición infecciones genitourinarias (p = 0,001; (odds ratio [OR] = 5,79; intervalo de confianza ([IC] 95 %: 1,89-7,35). Se encontró mayor riesgo entre las mujeres que usaban pantalones largos, usuarias de tampones y las que no utilizaban ropa interior de algodón (OR = 6,92; IC 95 %: 1,11-15,28).
Conclusiones: existe relación entre la depilación íntima y la aparición de infecciones vulvovaginales o urinarias. Las futuras investigaciones deben confirmar estos hallazgos, así como la influencia de los diferentes métodos de depilación que estuvieran asociados a una mayor o menor infección.
"And in the first plane the second plane breathes deeper": a linguopoetic analysis of Yunna Morits’ poem "Just a sound shining through the leaves…" (to the 85th anniversary of the birth)
Authors: Panova E. A.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to a linguopoetic analysis of one of those poems by Yu. Morits that are hard to understand. The main features of the literary work under consideration are the allegorical and "coded" nature of the depicted situation. The paper traces how the lyrical plot and the semantic structure of the text unfold using the method of "slow reading" and examining various aspects of the text organisation (its composition, word semantics, syntax, and the image of the lyrical hero). Careful attention is given to the auto- and intertextuality interplay in the poem. The paper suggests possible ways to understand the keywords and images; at the same time, it is noted that the complex semantic structure of the text permits ambiguous interpretations.
Implementing the principle of co-study of language and culture (to the 90th anniversary of the birth of Professor Liya Alexandrovna Khodyakova)
Authors: Bogdanova E. S.
Published: May 2022

The paper analyses L. A. Khodyakova’s contribution to methodology and emphasises the fundamental role of the principle of co-studying language and culture within the framework of cultural approach to teaching Russian and developing students’ speech. The study focuses on the ways to implement the above-mentioned principle in school practice proposed by L. A. Khodyakova as well as on the methods of linguistic and cultural text analysis and analytical-synthetic conversation. A lesson plan built on an excerpt from the novel «War and Peace» by L. N. Tolstoy and in compliance with L. A. Khodyakova’s recommendations is given as an illustration.
Enumeration of Family Fabaceae from Sechu Tuan Nalla Wildlife Sanctuary, Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh (India)
Authors: Deroliya P. K. , Singh Harminder , Kumar Puneet , Singh S. K.
Published: May 2022

An account of 20 species under 11 genera of the family Fabaceae is presented based upon a thorough study of the collected specimens and field surveys in this paper from Sechu Tuan Nalla Wildlife Sanctuary, Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh. Of these, fourteen taxa are reported first time from the Chamba district of the state. The updated nomenclature of the species, local name if any, a brief description of the plant, flowering and fruiting period, distribution in the study area, habitat and ecology and specimen examined have been provided.
IDENTIFIKASI PEMANGKU KEPENTINGAN DAN PERANAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN HUTAN LINDUNG GUNUNG SIRIMAU, KOTA AMBON, PROVINSI MALUKU
Authors: Parera Evelin , Purwanto Ris Hadi , Permadi Dwiko Budi , Sumardi Sumardi
Published: May 2022

Protected forest management is the responsibility of all stakeholders related to it. This study aims to identify stakeholders and their roles in protected forest management. The research was conducted in the Mount Sirimau Protection Forest Group, Maluku Province. Collecting data using questionnaires, in-depth interviews, observation and secondary data. Purposive sampling for agencies that have the main tasks and functions and the snow ball method for other stakeholders involved in protected forest management. Data analysis is descriptive qualitative. The results of the identification found the Technical Implementation Unit of the Ambon Island Forest Management Unit and the Lease Islands. Management of protected forests on Ambon Island is intervened by agencies and Technical Implementing Units within the scope of Forestry according to their main duties and functions. Other contributing stakeholders such as Community Social Institutions, Community Organizations, Religious Organizations, Academics, Agencies outside the scope of Forestry such as Public Works and People's Settlements in the Spatial Sector. The role of stakeholders as managers, intervenors, facilitators, participants, evaluators, expert teams, forest resource users and spatial planners.