bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mixed effects of gating subterranean habitat on bats: A review
Authors: Tobin Abigail , Chambers Carol L.
Published: June 2017

Caves and abandoned mines, roosting environments for many bat species including subterranean obligates, are under human pressure (e.g., recreation) and pose threats to humans. Gating entrances of these subterranean features prevents human entry while protecting habitat for bats. However, bat response to these gates is not well understood and no comprehensive synthesis with species‐specific recommendations on protection measures for bat roosts exists. We reviewed literature on effects of gating subterranean habitat on bats and roost microclimate and found 22 studies and reports from North America, Australia, Europe, and Asia. Ten studies examined effects of gating on bat use, 9 described behavioral responses to gates, and 5 presented effects of gates on roost microclimate. Older gate designs (1950–1970), such as cement walls or iron doors, negatively affected bat use and roost microclimate, but responses to modern (1970s to present), bat‐compatible gate designs varied. Short‐term responses of bats to bat‐compatible gates were negative and included increases in energetically expensive flight behaviors. Although long‐term responses included a mix of population and species trends, we attribute these mixed responses in part to differences in flight agility among species. Bats with moderate to high agility (low wing loading, broad call bandwidths) adjust to gates, but species with low agility (high wing loading and narrow call bandwidths) may abandon sites after gating. Other factors including bat density in roosts and size of the cave or mine entrance also affect acceptance of gates and should be considered in gate design. Current gate designs are adequate for most species. Based on available literature, we recommend use of bat‐compatible gates with horizontal bar spacing of 14.6 cm, bar types that offer high structural rigidity in areas where vandalism is likely, and periodic monitoring of gates to ensure they remain in good condition. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Impairment Experiences, Identity and Attitudes Towards Genetic Screening: the Views of People with Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Boardman Felicity K. , Young Philip J. , Griffiths Frances E.
Published: June 2017

Developments in genetics are rapidly changing the capacity and scope of screening practices. However, people with genetic conditions have been under‐represented in the literature exploring their implications. This mixed methods study explores the attitudes of people with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) towards three different population‐level genetic screening programmes for SMA: pre‐conception, prenatal and newborn screening. Drawing on qualitative interviews (n = 15) and a survey (n = 82), this study demonstrates that more severely affected individuals with early‐onset symptoms (Type II SMA), are less likely to support screening and more likely to view SMA positively than those with milder, later onset and/or fluctuating symptoms (Types III/ IV SMA). Indeed, this clinically milder group were more likely to support all forms of screening and view SMA negatively. This paper highlights that screening is a complex issue for people with genetic conditions, and the nature of impairment experiences plays a critical role in shaping attitudes.
Implementation of EPA Guidance - One Way for All Countries?
Authors: Carrasco M.M.
Published: June 2017

The European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance project launched in 2008 has the aim of providing European psychiatry with guidance in topics, which are relevant for European mental health care. Guidance from a European perspective can be favorable against the background of a growing sense of Europe and the desirable associated harmonization on all levels of health care policy.

More precisely, the mission of the EPA guidance is defined as ‘to improve quality of mental health care in Europe by disseminating written information based on best evidence and psychiatric practice, to facilitate countries learning from each other’.

In consonance with this need of a wider multinational perspective of European psychiatry, EPA adopted in 2012 through a deep change of its statutes a new membership structure that allows National Psychiatric Societies/Associations (NPAs) in Europe the possibility to become full members of EPA. Up to 40 NPAs corresponding to 37 countries and representing over 80.000 psychiatrists have responded positively to the offer and are now part of the Council of National Psychiatric Societies, the body within EPA that integrates them.

The Council of NPAs has become, in this way, a forum for its members to meet, discuss and work on issues concerning European psychiatry. One of the major issues is about the implementation of European guidance in mental health policy, teaching and learning psychiatry, best clinical practice in different areas, and quality indicators. This presentation provides further details on how participating societies could put these policies and recommendations into practice.

Disclosure of interest

The author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Phenocopy Frontotemporal Dementia: A Case Series from a National Memory Clinic and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Power C. , Hannigan O. , Gibb M. , Bruce I. , McCarthy M. , Coen R. , Robinson D. , Lawlor B.A.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

The existence of a frontotemporal dementia phenocopy (phFTD) syndrome remains controversial. Opinions differ on whether the phenocopy presentation represents the neuropsychological manifestation of a mid-life decompensation in vulnerable pre-morbid personalities or an indolent prodrome of behavioral-variant FTD (bvFTD). Literature on this topic is sparse and clinicians and patients have little guidance around prognosis and management.

Objectives

To describe the demographic, neuropsychological and biomarker profiles of a case series of phFTD patients, attending the memory clinic and review relevant literature.

Methods

Retrospective review of all cases diagnosed with phFTD.

Results

Eleven cases were identified (male = 9, female = 2). Mean age 55.8 years. Subjective complaints comprised memory and language difficulties. Collateral reports described apathy, aggression, impulsivity, disinhibition, hyperorality. Function was relatively preserved though motivation or supervision for higher-level tasks was sometimes required. All had non-neurodegenerative MRI and PET scans. Neuropsychological test (NPT) findings predominantly showed executive dysfunction and fluency impairment. A total of 3/11 had non-amnestic memory impairment. Follow-up imaging and NPT were invariably unchanged; 1/11 had a pre-morbid psychiatric diagnosis; 5/11 had unusual personality traits pre-morbidly. Major psychosocial stressors were documented in 7/11. Management consisted of psychosocial interventions to support function and interpersonal relationships.

Conclusions

The literature describes the phFTD syndrome as predominantly affecting males though we include 2 females who meet the criteria. In keeping with our findings, personality traits and psychosocial stressors may be more common in phFTD than bvFTD. More severe symptoms, memory impairment at presentation and C9ORF72 gene mutation may predict eventual progression. Those who do not progress have minimal long-term functional impairment though behavioral symptoms persist.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Relationship of Social Skills with Perceived Social Dignity and Mental Health of Elderly People
Authors: Allahverdipour H.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Social skills enables one to interact effectively and avoid the adverse responses. Factors such as non-use of the elderly's skills, impaired social skills, indifference and neglect of the elderly impair social dignity and conversely factors such as living independently and respectful relationship will improve social dignity. The aim of current study was to assess the association between social skills and perceived social dignity and mental health of elderly people as well.

Methods

In this cross sectional design, of the 300 elderly participants were recruited based on the randomized sampling method and Reggio social skills questionnaire, Jacelon perceived social dignity and general health questionnaire (GHQ12) were applied to gauge data by using a written questionnaire in the self report manner. For all tests a significance level of 0.05 was considered and statistics software SPSS version 21 and AMOS version 13 were used.

Result

The results showed a significant relationship between social skills and mental health base on gender and age and also; there was a significant relationship between social skills and social dignity (P < 0/001). Social skills predicted 26% of social dignity among older people and also social skills predicted 16% of mental health dignity. Therefore, social skills, was a proper predictor for mental health and perceived social dignity.

Conclusion

Due to the positive impact of social skills on the perceived social dignity and mental health of older population, it is needed to improve social skills of middle aged population which consequently affect on psychological well-being of aged people.

Disclosure of interest

The author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
The Diagnostic Value of Saccadic Profile in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Walecki P. , Pasgreta K. , Gorzelańczyk E.J.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Appearing in the early stages of the disease pathological changes in different parts of the brain in Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects cause disruption of neural circuits between the cortex and the basal ganglia. It may affect the ocular movement disturbances.

Objectives

In previous studies we have shown that AD patients present abnormalities of saccadic eye movements. In this study, we conducted for the first time the advanced quantitative analysis profile of saccades on a large study group.

Aims

The aim of this study is to find the features and the values of parameters in patients with AD differ from healthy individuals using quantitative measurement methods that could help in the future to differentiate people with an uncertain diagnosis.

Methods

Seventy-one patients with mild and moderate AD (age 79.1 ± 5.21) were examined. Forty-four healthy ones (C) without symptoms of dementia, matched for sex, age and education level (age 78.3 ± 4.7) were examined. In this study we made use of the Saccadometer Advanced (ACI, Cambridge, UK), allowing the measurement of eye position with the time resolution of 1 ms (1000 Hz).

Results

Statistically significant differences between AD and C groups were found (P < 0.05). The analysis of saccadic profile allows to differentiate Alzheimer's disease. The rising slope duration and the rising slope percent is lower in AD group, but the falling slope duration and the falling slope percent is larger in AD group.

Conclusions

AD patients have much smaller slope in the rising phase of the saccade. The results show that the use of saccadometry may improve diagnosis of the AD.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Alcohol Consumption, Smoking and Substance Use in First and Final Year of Nursing School
Authors: Soria D. , Magalhães L.D.S.P.D. , Souza F.A.M.D. , Domingos E.J. , Ribeiro C.C. , Chagas S.V. , Vernaglia T.V.C.
Published: June 2017

Aims

To describe the use and abuse of alcohol, cigarettes and street drugs in nursing degree students of Alfredo Pinto nursing school at federal university of state of Rio de Janeiro.

Methods

cross-sectional and descriptive data of first and final year students enrolled in a nursing degree course. One hundred and seventeen students took part in a questionnaire, providing sociodemographic information and completed the alcohol smoking and substance screening test (ASSIST). A double variant and chi-squared analysis and Fisher's exact test was performed.

Results

One hundred and seventeen students participated. Of the first year students 82% (n = 73) were woman; 61% (n = 54); 18–20 years old; 43% (n = 38) were white and 40% (n = 36) had parents that identified as Roman-Catholic. The students in their last year: 89% (n = 25) woman; 54% (n = 15) aged between 21–23 years old; 70% (n = 20) are white and 71% (n = 20) have roman-catholic parents. That is a high prevalence of alcohol use: 84% (n = 75) in the first year and 78% in the last year had used alcohol. 24% (n = 21) had smoked during their first year and 18% (n = 5) during the last year. It was found that the consumption of street drugs during early years of university is correlated to the age (P = 0.033) and the religious orientation by parents (P = 0.047).

Conclusion

Universities responsibility towards their students, and students involvement with their learning process are factors that lead to changes in attitudes, beliefs and knowledge that are so important in maintaining healthy habits and lifestyle in line with what is taught in a nursing degree.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Integrated Identification of New Substantional Gadget Addiction: With Selfie-mania Phenomenon Model
Authors: Sosin I. , Chuev Y. , Goncharova O.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Modern selfie-infatuation extent went far beyond fashion and subculture causing distinct tendency to non-chemical addiction state transformation requiring evidential scientific identification.

Aims and objectives

To develop clinical-psychological and classification basis for new type of gadget addiction (selfie-mania), prevention and approaches to mental correction and rehabilitation.

Method

Selfie attitude testing of 157 respondents-students, and internet resources topical data analysis were done.

Results

Behaviour models were rubricated, design and content, causes, clinical-psychological description, selfie-phenomenon prevalence were clarified. It allows to state selfie-addiction specific key symptoms, conforming to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for addiction states:

– psychological and emotional supercomfort feeling during realizing selfie-interventions (substantional analogue of euphoria phenomenon caused by psychoactive substances in narcology);

– desire for permanent updating and layouting in social networks selfie-portraits, selfie-positions (impulse control disorder analogue);

– selfie-modifying need causing adrenaline extreme and life threat (analogues: compulsive craving, megadoses, overdosages, amnesias);

– obsessive craving to increase daily number of selfie-shots (tolerance syndrome analogue);

– constant foreshortening change of selfie-interventions (analogue: experimentation with different psychoactive substances, searching behaviour);

– selfie-destruction psychopathological consequences (neurotism, mental and behavioural disorders, group pattern of behavioural selfie-deviations);

– formation of associated comorbid chemical and other substantional addiction forms;

– selfie-deprivation syndrome (analogue: alcohol or drug withdrawal syndrome);

– interdisciplinary range of problems (professional sphere of study for sociologists, psychologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, narcologists, psychotherapists, sexopathologists, lawyers).

Conclusions

Selfie-addiction problem recognition is necessary on the level of inclusion to ICD, that will allow to develop scientific, legal and clinical base for integrated prevention, rehabilitation and treatment.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A Case Study: Effects of EMDR Therapy on a Patient with Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder (PCBD)
Authors: Yasar A.B. , Abamor A.E. , Usta F.D. , Erdogan Taycan S. , Zengin Eroglu M.
Published: June 2017

Background

Loss of a loved one is a distressing event that may result in grief characterized by emotional distress, longing of the dead, and dysfunctionality. Persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD) is differentiated by extended and damaging bereavement [1], which is being treated by some with EMDR [2]. In this study, the effects of an EMDR session on a patient with PCBD will be analyzed.

Case

G.Ö. (45) is a married housewife who had been working, mother of a kid and a baby. She has lived with her family and her mother in a metropolitan city until her mother died a year ago, unexpectedly. Then, she quitted her job and they moved in a small city upon her husband's wish. The inpatient had complaints such as active suicidal thoughts, marital dissatisfaction and an ongoing deep sadness. EMDR therapy is applied on her grief and dysfunctional beliefs.

Conclusion

After one session of EMDR, her mood improved, her ruminations declined, she sought job, and became hopeful for the future. In our case, even one session of EMDR let remarkable improvements on PCBD. Indeed, as for other trauma-related issues, EMDR therapy can be utilized on PCBD.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Owning the brand of psychiatry
Authors: Peters A.
Published: June 2017

In Australia and New Zealand, conversations around mental health are playing out in the public space with increasing frequency. Mental health promotion campaigns and organizations are embraced by mainstream and other forms of media, and supported by government. Whilst public knowledge of mental illness is increasing, the profile of psychiatrists as leaders and medical experts in mental illness is a more difficult brand to sell. With a somewhat tarnished history behind us, the modern evidence-based practice of psychiatry is not always at the forefront of public impression. Furthermore, in Australia, more than half of the population (56%) is unaware that psychiatrists have undertaken medical training as a doctor. This presentation will outline Royal Australian and New Zealand college of psychiatrists (RANZCP) action to improve community information about psychiatry, psychiatrists and treatment experiences.

Disclosure of interest

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Hepatotoxicity related to anti-depressive psychopharmacotherapy: Implications of quantitative signal detection
Authors: Gahr M. , Zeiss R. , Lang D. , Connemann B.J. , Schönfeldt-Lecuona C.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Drug-induced liver injury is a major problem of pharmacotherapy and is also frequent with anti-depressive psychopharmacotherapy.

Objectives/aims

However, there are only few studies using a consistent methodologic approach to study hepatotoxicity of a larger group of antidepressants.

Methods

We performed a quantitative signal detection analysis using pharmacovigilance data from the Uppsala monitoring center from the WHO that records adverse drug reaction data from worldwide sources; we calculated reporting odds ratios (ROR) as measures for disproportionality within a case-/non-case approach for several frequently prescribed anti-depressants.

Results

Both positive controls, amineptine (ROR 38.4 [95% CI: 33.8–43.6]) and nefazodone (ROR 3.2 [95% CI: 3.0–3.5]), were statistically associated with hepatotoxicity. Following amineptine, agomelatine (ROR 6.4 [95% CI: 5.7–7.2]) was associated with the second highest ROR, followed by tianeptine (ROR 4.4 [95% CI: 3.6–5.3]), mianserin (ROR 3.6 [95% CI: 3.3–3.4]) and nefazodone.

Conclusions

In line with previous studies our results support the hypothesis that agomelatine and several other anti-depressants may be associated with relevant hepatotoxicity. However, the used data and applied method do not allow a quantitative evaluation of hepatotoxicity or assessment of substance–specific differences regarding the extent of hepatotoxicity.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Portuguese Validation of the Impulsive Sensation Seeking Scale
Authors: Dourado J.F. , Marques C. , Pereira A.T. , Nogueira V. , Macedo A. , Silva A.M. Bastos , Seco A.J.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Personality traits such as Impulsivity and Sensation seeking are associated with aggressive and/or risky driving behaviour. Understanding the influence of these traits in the driving task is important to perform a more comprehensive study of road trauma, which is an increasing public health and economic concern.

Objective

To study the reliability and the construct validity of the Portuguese version of impulsive sensation seeking scale (ImpSS) using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA and CFA).

Methods

747 participants [417 (55.8%) women; mean age = 42.13 ± 12.349 years; mean driving license years = 21.30 ± 11.338; mean years of regular driving = 20.33 ± 11.328] answered an online survey which included this scale, and other socio-demographic information. Inclusion criteria were: driving license and regular driving for at least three years and age lower than 75 years old. The total sample was randomly divided in two sub-samples, with sample A (n = 373) being used to perform EFA, and sample B to perform CFA.

Results

The most acceptable factor model for ImpSS scale was the two-factor model found with EFA, excluding items 4, 6, 7 and 10 (χ2/df = 2.13; TLI = .90; CFI = .92; RMSEA = .05, P = .211). The internal consistency analysis resulted in: Sensation seeking, α = .79; Impulsivity, α = .76; total ImpSS score, α = .82.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that the ImpSS Scale is a valid and reliable measure to assess those personality traits in the Portuguese drivers.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
F17464 a new antipsychotic with preferential D3 antagonist, 5-HT1A partial agonist properties. Neurochemical studies
Authors: Cosi C. , N’Guyen V. , Consul-Denjean N. , Auclair A. , Heusler P. , Martel J.C. , Leriche L. , Sokoloff P. , Gatti-McArthur S.
Published: June 2017

F17464 is a new dopamine receptor antagonist that recently demonstrated antipsychotic activity in a proof of concept study in schizophrenic patients under acute exacerbation. The compound has a unique profile with high affinity for hD3 receptors (Ki = 0.17 nM) and lower affinity for hD2L (Ki = 12.1 nM) and hD2S (Ki = 6.5 nM). F17464 exhibits also high affinity for h5-HT1A receptors (Ki = 0.16 nM). F17464 is a hD3 antagonist (pKB = 9.13), hD2S very week partial agonist (pKB = 7.87, emax 8% of DA stimulated in ERK assay) and a 5-HT1A partial agonist (pEC50 = 7.99). F17464 exhibits consistent affinities for rat striatal D2 (Ki = 4.8 nM) and for rat hippocampal 5-HT1A receptors (Ki = 1.14 nM). Neurochemical studies show that F17464 ip (1 h post-dose) produces a significant dose–dependent increase in the levels of DOPAC and HVA in the frontal cortex, caudate-putamen and limbic forebrain and an increase in 3-MT levels in the latter two regions with no changes in total DA content. The effect is significant at the doses of 0.63–2.5 mg/kg ip (PK/PD data will be provided). This pattern of DA metabolite changes is similar to that described for several antipsychotic drugs in rodents and it is indicative of a cortical effect of F17464. F17464 has a very low cataleptogenic activity in rats and mice and does not induce serotoninergic signs typical of 5-HT1A. F17464 is therefore a novel a D3 preferential antipsychotic with a unique mechanism of action and receptor affinity profile and a consistent effect in neurochemistry studies in rodents.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Factors of premorbid period indicating the risk of medicated noncompliance in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Dmitrieva E. , Kornetova E.
Published: June 2017

Background

Methods of assessment of medicated compliance are based upon preceding experience of taking therapy and cannot be applied at the first admission.

Objective

To investigate premorbid characteristics in schizophrenic patients and reveal the factors indicating noncompliance.

Methods

We used medical record background, interview, Medical Compliance Prediction Scale for Psychiatry for evaluation of the level of compliance, program STATISTICA10 for identification of the average level of compliance in the subgroups of each factor by Kruskal–Wallis test and revealing those subgroups for each factor where the average level of compliance was statistically significantly lower (P < 0.05).

Results

We examined 120 patients (status corresponded to the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia, age–18 and older, duration of the disease–5 years and more, patients taking typical or atypical antipsychotics or combined therapy) according to factors of premorbid period such as gender, family history of mental disorders, personality traits, nurture in the family, education level, marital status; substance use, age at the onset of disease.

Conclusions

Level of compliance was lower in subgroups of men, patients having several relatives with mental disorders, patients having personality with predominance of irritable and impulsive traits, patients with neglect in parental families, patients with education level lower than high school and with education level higher than bachelor; patients not working or studying to onset of disease; patients who were divorced or widowed; patients living alone; patients using psychoactive substances; patients aged 21 years and older to the onset of disease.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cognitive Enhancement in Young Healthy Subjects Using Non-invasive Brain Stimulation and Cognitive Training
Authors: Brem A.K.
Published: June 2017

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is being widely investigated to understand and modulate human brain function. The interest in using tES to enhance cognitive abilities not only in patient populations but also in healthy individuals has grown in recent years. Specifically in combination with cognitive training tES has shown success in enhancing cognition. However, to date, we still know little about the impact of interindividual differences on intervention outcomes. A variety of tES techniques and their effects in combination with cognitive training, interactive effects of tES with baseline cognitive abilities and neurophysiological traits will be presented and following ramifications with regards to the development of individualised stimulation protocols will be discussed.

Disclosure of interest

The author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Comorbidity of schizophrenia and social phobia
Authors: Vrbova K. , Prasko J. , Latalova K. , Kamaradova D. , Ociskova M. , Sedlackova Z.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

The most common comorbid disorder in schizophrenic patients is a social phobia. It is usually an unrecognized problem that may be associated with a high distortion in managing claims of life.

Objectives

The aim of our study was to determine the extent to which comorbid social phobia affects the severity and course of schizophrenia.

Methods

The publications were identified in the database medline and web of science using the keywords “schizophrenia comorbidity” in combination with the terms “social phobia” or “social anxiety disorder”. Other relevant sources of information were obtained from the cited works by important articles.

Results

The current state of research shows that the incidence of comorbid social phobia in psychotic disease states in the range from 11% to 36%. Social phobia in psychotic patients remains largely unrecognized. An untreated social phobia is associated with more severe psychotic symptoms, worse quality of life and lower self-esteem. It also increases the tendency to social isolation and overall worsens social adaptation. Patients with comorbid social phobia and schizophrenia have a higher amount of lifetime suicide attempts and often abuse alcohol or addictive substance.

Conclusions

Patients who have both schizophrenia and social phobia have a lower quality of life, impaired functioning in life, a higher incidence of suicide attempts and increased risk of relapse of psychosis. It is, therefore, necessary that physicians treating the patients with schizophrenia had in mind the possibility of the presence of comorbid social phobia, and in the case of its occurrence, they also treat it.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Sexuality of Tunisian women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Halouani N. , Ellouze S. , Naoui R. , Aloulou J. , Amami O.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disease with multiple facets. In a few decades, this syndrome has gone from a purely gynaecological domain to sexology one; PCOS is thus considered a systemic disease. However, the domain of sexuality continues to be neglected. The aim of our study was: assessing women's sexuality with PCOS by comparing them to a sample correlated with the age of control subjects. We performed a cross-sectional study of case-control, conducted between October and November 2015.

Data was collected by oral questionnaire proposed to women whose anonymity was respected. To assess the sexuality we used the “female sexual function index” (FSFI) developed by Rosen et al.

Results

The average BMI of the patients was 30.2 ± 6.3 kg/m2, with a range of 17.2 to 43.5 kg/m2. The average frequency of sexual intercourse per week was 1.6 ± 0.5 for patients and 2.1 ± 0.9 for the controls. The scores used in this study show that 90% of sexual dysfunction exists in women with PCOS For controls, a sexual dysfunction was found in 40% of cases.

All aspects of sexuality were affected (desire, arousal, orgasm and satisfaction). The lowest scores were found in the following areas: arousal, lubrication and orgasm.

Conclusion

The therapist during a consultation for a patient with PCOS should check her psychological state. Also, asking the patient about her sex life should be part of the monitoring of the disease.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Selincro use in a patient diagnosed with dependence to stimulants, alcohol abuse and hyper-sexuality
Authors: Ballesteros A. , Rosero Á.S. , Inchausti F. , Manrique E. , Sáiz H. , Carrión C.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Hyper-sexuality is an increased sexual activity that causes stress the individual at social levels. There are studies that support the theory that neurophysiological abnormalities of individuals appear in this disorder and do not overlap with the alterations found in substance addictions. However, it is doubtful whether addiction to other substances can trigger behavior in the sexual sphere.

Objective

To report a case of abuse of alcohol as a trigger relapse in terms of sexual alterations in a patient diagnosed with alcohol abuse, stimulants dependence and hyper-sexuality.

Case description

Here we report a married gentleman in the fourth decade of his life that presents behavior and sexual activity level compatible with a case of hyper-sexuality. After conducting motivational interviews with the psychologist to aim a sustained abstinence of amphetamines and a lack of alterations on the sexual sphere, the patient achieved clinical stability over several years. However, it is referred for psychiatric consultation as he presented recently abusive alcohol consumption associated with Speed. He relapsed in the sexual sphere by increasing sexual desire and impulsiveness. It was decided to prescribe oral nalmefene (1 tablet daily) for two months and then stop treatment regularly (taken PRN in case of high risk situations). As a result, he has had sustained remission for over 6 months.

Conclusion

Although, there are studies suggesting that neurobiological changes among the pathologies described are different, the treatment of alcohol abuse can be beneficial in other diseases such as hyper-sexuality as disinhibition associated with alcohol intoxication.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Perceptions of problem-drinker patients’ family members about their own hazardous-drinking behaviours in Chinese general hospitals
Authors: Tsai Y.F. , Lin C.C. , Yeh W.L. , Kao J.T. , Chen C.Y.
Published: June 2017

Background

Excessive alcohol use has been associated with health, social and legal problems. Studies of alcohol-drinking problems have mainly focused on patients with alcohol-drinking problems and few studies have focused on their family members. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of family members of problem-drinker patients about their own hazardous or harmful alcohol-drinking behaviours.

Methods

In this qualitative descriptive study, participants were recruited from three hospitals randomly selected from northern and central Taiwan (2:1). Hazardous-drinker patients and their family members were screened using the Chinese version AUDIT. AUDIT scores > 8 indicated harmful or hazardous drinkers. Data were collected in individual, audiotaped, in-depth interviews using an interview guide. Verbatim interview transcripts were analysed using ATLAS.ti, version WIN 7.0.

Results

The sample of 35 family members with hazardous or harmful drinking behaviours perceived that their own alcohol-drinking behaviours were related to six major patterns: family habits, leisure activities with friends, work pressures, personal taste, a way to forget one's problems and to express happiness.

Conclusions

We recommend that programs to prevent harmful or hazardous drinking should emphasize understanding standard amounts of alcohol in alcoholic beverages, recommended amounts of alcohol consumption for males and females, knowledge about the long-term effects of excessive alcohol consumption; offer strategies to resist social pressure to drink; and build positive strategies for coping with stress.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Establishment of a comprehensive inpatient suicide prevention network: Taiwan experience and systemic review
Authors: Changchien T.C. , Yen Y.C.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

The complexity of inpatient suicide in a general hospital setting, whether medical or surgical, is not fully understood currently. It is a common sentinel event and an important problem of patient safety. However, its evidence is currently lacking. So, we present a healthcare system approach to enhance the effectiveness of inpatient suicide prevention in Taiwan.

Methods

We reviewed available evidence about inpatient suicide. Some risk factors were detected. And we tried to improve our inpatient suicide prevention program with healthcare failure mode and effect analysis (HFMEA), which is a prospective qualitative analysis for numerous medical errors. In this study, HFMEA was used to reduce the likelihood of failure of current clinical practices in preventing inpatient suicide.

Results

The psychiatric consultation rate increased after a series of improvement program. Besides, establishment of an integrated electronic medical system and the improvement of environment and facility safety are our main strategies. The HFMEA indicated that empowering staff with continuing education and case management by a full-time social worker and clinical psychologist were also needed. Furthermore, this hospital-based integrated suicide prevention program was accredited with the symbol of national quality of Taiwan in 2014.

Conclusion

Our study provided systematic intervention to improve inpatient suicide prevention in a general hospital, and in Taiwan. The HFMEA is a useful tool to improve inpatient suicide prevention measures. We still need more information and evidence to promote the importance of inpatient suicide prevention.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Suicide by jumping at beachy head in East Sussex – The impact of a suicide prevention patrol scheme
Authors: Durgahee S. , Isaac M. , Anderson J.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Suicide is a major public health issue. It is the leading cause of death among younger adults in the UK. Suicide by jumping is an uncommon method. About 23 people die each year by jumping from the cliffs at beachy head, Sussex. The beachy head chaplaincy established a suicide-prevention patrol at beachy head in August 2004. To date there have been no studies evaluating the impact of a suicide patrol as a prevention strategy. This study aimed to assess the impact of this suicide-prevention patrol.

Methods

Data from local and national official statistics was gathered to examine the overall suicide numbers and rates of suicide by jumping vs. other methods. This included an in-depth scrutiny of coroners’ data and reports from the beachy head chaplaincy.

A qualitative, phenomenological approach using in-depth interviews was used to evaluate the “lived experiences” of members of the suicide-prevention patrol.

Results

The statistics reveal unexpected and at times, conflicting, results which will be offered for discussion.

The thematic analysis of the interviews reveals insights into the motivations for volunteering; how a faith-based patrol works; the physical and psycho-social impact of the work; volunteers’ stories; the centrality of God within their work and motivation.

For copyright reasons full details of the analyses cannot be made available before the conference.

Discussion

We welcome an interactive discussion of the results.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychological Interventions for Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizures: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Carlson P.
Published: June 2017

Introduction and objective

Psychological interventions for psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) show promising results. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate and synthesize the available evidence from the previous 20 years regarding the utility of psychological interventions in the management of PNES.

Method

Studies were retrieved from MEDLINE via OvidSP and PsychINFO. Selection criteria included controlled and before-after non-controlled studies including case series, using seizure frequency as an outcome measurement. Studies were required to assess one or more types of psychological intervention for the treatment of PNES in adults. Data from 13 eligible studies was pooled to examine the effectiveness of psychological interventions in treating PNES on two primary outcomes: seizure reduction of ≥ 50% and seizure freedom. A meta-analysis was conducted with data extracted from 228 participants with PNES.

Results

Interventions reviewed in the analysis included CBT, psychodynamic therapy, paradoxical intention therapy, mindfulness, psychoeducation and eclectic interventions. Meta-analysis synthesized data from 13 studies with a total of 228 participants with PNES, of varied gender and age. Results showed 82% of people with PNES who complete psychotherapy experience a reduction in seizures of ≥50%. Additional meta-analysis synthesized data from 10 studies with a total of 137 participants with PNES. This analysis found 47% of people with PNES are seizure free upon completion of a psychological intervention.

Conclusion

The studies identified were diverse in nature and quality. Findings highlight the potential for psychological interventions as a favorable alternative to the current lack of treatment options offered to people with PNES.

Disclosure of interest

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Psychoemotional Disorders in Pregnancy with Hypertensive Complications
Authors: Gardanova Z. , Khritinin D. , Anisimova K.
Published: June 2017

Psychoemotional disorders in pregnant women represent a significant medical and social problem as well as the effects caused by this pathology have a profound effect on children born to such mothers, as well as to themselves mothers during and after pregnancy. The goal–psychological correction of psycho-emotional states in pregnant women with hypertensive syndrome by Erickson hypnosis. The study was conducted on the basis of state organization “Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician VI Kulakov”. The study involved 150 pregnant women with hypertensive syndrome. Seventy-five pregnant women with hypertensive syndrome received psychological correction method of Erickson hypnosis in an amount of 15 sessions. To assess the state of mental and emotional techniques used depression scale Beck Anxiety Scale, Spielberger-Hanin. The study was conducted 4 times–the first, second, and third trimesters of three months after childbirth. When comparing the psycho-emotional state of pregnant women with hypertensive syndrome on the background of psychological adjustment method Erickson hypnosis and in pregnant women with hypertensive syndrome who did not receive psychological correction revealed a statistically significant difference. In pregnant women with hypertensive syndrome who received psychological correction method of Erickson hypnosis, revealed lower levels of depression and situational anxiety than women who did not receive psychological correction. Thus, our study proved the need for psychological correction method of Erickson hypnosis and its effectiveness for stabilizing the psycho-emotional state of pregnant women with hypertensive syndrome and pre-eclampsia prevention.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
(Re)examining the Factorial sstructure of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 in a College Students Sample
Authors: Monteiro S. , Bártolo A. , Torres A. , Pereira A.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Generalized anxiety in young adults during college career is a serious public-health problem that untreated has a chronic course. Research has shown that the self-report questionnaire generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) is a reliable and valid measure to assess generalized anxiety symptoms severity in heterogeneous psychiatric samples. However, GAD-7 is not available for non-clinical populations and their factor structure has not been re-examined.

Objectives

Our objective was to examine factor structure and measurement invariance of the GAD-7 among college students testing two alternatives models.

Aims

The original model fit of single-factor was compared to two-factor model that considered in comprehensive approach of generalized anxiety the assessment of cognitive-emotional nature and somatic symptoms.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study the GAD-7 was administrated to college students (n = 1031) recruited in the six schools which compose the Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Portugal. Confirmatory factor analysis was used testing two models.

Results

Among college students, 32.8% reported significant generalized anxiety symptoms. The original unidimensional structure of GAD-7 was confirmed but the two-factor model comprising cognitive–emotional and somatic factors presented better fit to the data (χ2(1) = 21.01, P < 0001). This latent factor were positively associated (r = 0.51, P < 0.001) and presented a good internal consistency (α = 0.85 and α = 0.86 for cognitive-emotional and somatic items, respectively). The invariance factor of two-factor model across gender was also confirmed.

Conclusions

Results indicate that within college communities the GAD-7 integrates two stable generalized anxiety factors related but independent structure. The GAD-7 can be an adequate measure to detected generalized anxiety symptoms in this population.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Burden for Caregivers of Children with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Oman
Authors: Al Balushi N. , Al Shukaili M. , AL Adawi S.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Nurturing children with neurodevelopmental disorders such as ADHD is associated with psychological burden to the caregivers. Oman has a pyramidal population structure with the bulk of the population are in the pediatric age group. Previous studies have indicated that ADHD is common in Oman.

Objectives

To measure level of burden of care among caregivers of children with ADHD and the relationship between the degree of burden, subtypes of ADHD and socio-demographic factors.

Methods

A cross sectional study conducted in a tertiary hospital in Oman. Arabic-version of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) was used to evaluate the level of burden among the caregivers. The severity and subtypes of ADHD were quantified using Vanderbilt ADHD Parent/Teacher Rating Scale. Socio-demographic background and clinical data were gathered from medical records.

Results

The study included caregivers of 100 children with ADHD. The mean ZBI score was significantly high for the parents of children with ADHD. As for the relationship with socio-demographic background, mothers of children with ADHD reported a higher mean ZBI score compared to fathers. Factors such as income, number of siblings, and severity/subtypes of ADHD played significant roles.

Conclusion

To our knowledge, this is the first study of Arab/Islamic population exploring the burden of care for children with ADHD. Some of the risk factors appear to have direct effects. If this study will withstand further scrutiny, concerted effort is needed in emerging economies such as Oman to address the issue of burden among the caregivers of children with ADHD.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Impulsivity in Adolescent with Depressive Disorders
Authors: Khemakhem K. , Boudabous J. , Cherif L. , Ayadi H. , Walha A. , Moalla Y. , Hadjkacem I. , Ghribi F.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

However, impulsivity is more likely to be present in externalizing disorders, little focus seems to have been made on the research of impulsivity in depression.

Objective

On this study, we sought to investigate impulsivity among adolescent with Depressive disorder compared to a control sample.

Subjects and methods

Employing a matched case-control study, participants included 100 adolescents divided into two groups: 30 adolescents (12 to 17 years) with depressive disorder and a control sample of 70 adolescents. Participants were recruited during a period of 2 years (2015, 2016). Depressive disorder patient were drawn from the consultation unit or inpatient unit of the department of child psychiatry in Sfax, Tunisia. Controls were recruited from two secondary schools and they haven’t depressive symptoms according to the child depression inventory (CDI). Impulsivity was evaluated in the two groups by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), an instrument designed to measure trait impulsivity.

Results

Adolescents with depressive disorder displayed significantly higher total BIS-11 impulsivity scores than controls (71.6 ± 16 vs 61.6 ± 9; P = 0.003). They scored significantly higher than the controls on motor (P = 0.0001) and attentional impulsivity (P = 0.006). There was no difference in non-planning Impulsivity between the two groups. Motor impulsivity was high in adolescents with history of suicide attempt.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that trait impulsivity is increased among adolescents with depressive disorder. Impulsivity seems to be a risk factor for suicide attempts, so it that should be systematically evaluated in depressive disorder.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.