bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zeta Potential of Stable Oxidative Poly-Si-Fe (SOPSF) Coagulant
Authors: Fu Ying , Shi Nan , Li Hong Lan
Published: June 2012

Characteristics of Zeta potential of a stable oxidative poly-Si-Fe (SOPSF) coagulant was studied with Nano Zetasizer, in comparison with that of polyferric aluminum (PFA). The results showed that the reaction between polysilicic acid (PS) negative charged and Fe positive charged is complicated, instead of a simple electro neutrality process. The Zeta potentials of SOPSF are almost near to the isoelectric point at higher concentration, while the Zeta potential of PFA is about 20 times that of SOPSF carrying negative charges at the same concentration. But after dilution, the Zeta potential of SOPSF is about equivalent to that of PFA.
Distribution, Sources and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Water of the Provincial Control Section River, Longyan
Authors: Zhang Xia Hong , Chen Ke Hua , Zhang Ru Ping
Published: June 2012

The PAHs contents in water of the provincial control section river are within the range of 58.3~1328.5μg/L with an average of 387.72μg/L in winter, within the range of 5.9~188.4μg/L with an average of 77.46μg/L in autumn, within the range of 16.7~1203.3μg/L with an average of 475.05μg/L in summer, respectively. The Benzo[a]pyrene was not detected. It is suggested that PAHs in water of the provincial control section river mostly came from combustion sources.
Estimating Pan Evaporation of Taklimakan Desert Hinterland by Using Conventional Meteorological Observation Data
Authors: Wang Yong Dong , Fan Jing Long , Xu Xin Wen
Published: June 2012

Based on conventional meteorological observation data of Taklimakan Desert Hinterland Weather Station from 2004 to 2008, and these data were analyzed with the correlation coefficient method, and the correlativity between meteorological factors and pan evaporation and related regression models were established, as well as its fit precision was also tested. The results were shown that there was an extremely significant positive correlation level between pan evaporation and 2m average wind speed, average temperature and sunshine duration in the Taklimakan Desert Hinterland, while it presented an extremely significant negative correlation with the average relative humidity on the annual scale; but in different seasons, the meteorological factors that affected the evaporation pan evapotranspiration were different, all regression models that were established between meteorological factors and pan evaporation reached an extremely significant level, and this method was simple. In the fitting results of pan evaporation in the different seasons, through the inspection with root mean square error method, the fitting precision in spring was highest, followed by autumn> summer> winter.
Evaluation on Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Wuxi, China
Authors: Liu Jian Guo , Huang Yi Cheng , Xu Jia Kuan
Published: June 2012

In order to investigate the quality of agricultural environment in Wuxi, agricultural soils in 371 sampling points of seven areas in Wuxi were sampled and tested for heavy metal concentrations. Single and compositive pollution indexes were used for the evaluation of the soils. The results showed that the level of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils of Wuxi is low, and the average compositive pollution index is 0.514, a safe grade. But the compositive pollution indexes in Binhu, Xishan and Suburb districts were higher than 0.7, a cautionary grade. The single pollution index of Cu in Xishan district was higher than 1.0, a grade of light pollution. The levels of heavy metal pollution were higher in the areas near city zones, because of dense population and concentrated industries. The major heavy metal pollutants are Cu, Hg and Cd.
Existence of Periodic Solutions to a Class of Environmental Mathematical Model
Authors: Yin Jun Yi
Published: June 2012

This paper has studied a class of environmental mathematical model by using the coincidence degree theory, verified the existence of periodic solutions of the system to meet certain conditions, and revealed a relationship between a number of species in the system and pollution.
Research and Design of Forest Environment Monitoring System
Authors: Wang Jun , He Xue Wen , He Peng Ju
Published: June 2012

A forest environmental monitoring system based on GPRS communication network and ZigBee sensor network was researched and designed. The article described the architecture of the system, also discussed the framework of the sensor nodes using CC2430 as main chip and the gateway node based on MC35i.The data collection of sensor nodes, the protocol conversion of gateway node, and the implementation process of the monitoring center software were introduced in the article. With advantages of low cost, strong robustness and always online, the system can be widely used in a wide range for forest environmental parameters monitoring.
Research on Vehicle Emissions of Typical Intersection in City
Authors: Feng Chao Qing , Tian Rui , Lin Li Hua , Wang Rui
Published: June 2012

Investigated at the intersection of zhongshan east road and xilin road in Hohhot, the total quantity of vehicle in morning, noon and evening peak hours is 19,793. Pollutant concentrations and weather parameters are investigated, vehicular emission density in the intersection is calculated by the Nichoson box model, and each pollutant concentration in the intersection is measured by the exhaust gas analyzer. The result shows that the concentration of CO in the intersection is still lower than the limit value, but the concentration of NOX is far higher than the limit value. Pollution is very serious.
Snowstorm Risk Assessment in China Based on Environment & Disaster Monitoring and Predicting Small Satellite
Authors: Lv Chao , Gong Hui Li , Wang Zhi Heng
Published: June 2012

The snowstorm is one of the main disasters in prairie pastoral areas of China. Once the snowstorm happens, the human and the domestic animals in prairie pastoral areas will suffer the total destruction in a short time. Therefore, it is especially important to forecast the risk of the snowstorm disaster scientifically and reasonably. This paper proposed the snowstorm disaster risk assessment model in pastoral areas based on environment & disaster monitoring and predicting small satellite. After the massive experiment monitors and the contrast confirmation with the disaster situation data in National Disaster Reduction Center, the model forecasting result and the disaster situation statistical data have good uniformity from the space position and the risk degree. Case study shows that the snowstorm disaster risk assessment model is practical and feasible, and it provides important scientific method to further improve snowstorm disaster risk assessment ability in pastoral areas.
Study on Theory of Hazardous Gas Puff Dispersion
Authors: Zheng Yuan Pan , Guo Jun Jie , Liu Xin Xin , Su Xiao Ke
Published: June 2012

In order to provide some possible scientific guidance for the investigation to puff dispersion of hazardous gas, some theoretical methods were used to deduce the critical parameters for description of puff dispersion behavior. In addition, some important issues such as how to distinguish dense gas dispersion from non-dense gas dispersion and the whole process to investigate a typical puff dispersion problem are also discussed. Finally some useful algorithms for standard deviation of concentration distribution over time, standard along-wind dispersion coefficient, et al. are deduced. These results can be potential scheme for puff field tests, wind tunnel experiments and especially for numerical simulations.
The PCDD/Fs Levels of Air, Soil and Sediments in Southern China
Authors: Su Shan Shan , Hui Yang
Published: June 2012

To investigate the environmental levels and profiles of PCDD/Fs, samples of ambient air, soil and river sediment were collected from a typical regional without industrial pollution in southern China. The results showed that the mean PCDD/F concentrations samples were 0.0053±0.0054 pg/Nm3 in air, 1.9075±0.0562 pg/g in soil and 1.1422±0.0144 pg/g in sediment, respectively. The results also showed that PCDFs were predominant in all air samples, and it was opposite in the soil and sediment. The PCA indicated that the congener profiles of PCDD/Fs in the soil and river sediments were similar, but different from the samples in air.
Time Lag between Sap Flow and Climatic Factors in Arid Environments
Authors: Yin Li He , Hou Guan Ccai , Huang Jin Ting , Dong Jia Qiu , Zhang Jing , Li Hong Bo , Li Ying
Published: June 2012

Sap flow of trees was controlled by climatic variables and a time lag presents between them. In this study, Time lag between sap flow and climatic factors was analyzed for willow in the Ordos Plateau. The result shows that sap flow velocity lags behind net radiation about 110 minutes and there is almost no time lag between net radiation and sap flow velocity.
Tracking Carbon Emissions from China’s Textile Sector
Authors: Cao Shu Yan , Zhang Wei , Gu Yu Fei
Published: June 2012

The textile industry is usually a high carbon industry. Based on material flow analysis’s tow fundamental and well-established scientific principles of system approach and mass balance, input-output model is introduced to track CO2 emissions from China’s textile sector. Estimations showed that the textile sector was responsible for 2.7% of China’s production sectors’ direct CO2 emission, ranking 10th among defined 53 productions sectors. And the total CO2 footprint for producing domestic and foreign final use by textile sector was at 208 Mt CO2 with 95% from domestic energy use, directly and indirectly, while 93% for supporting exports.
A New Approach for Predicting Residence Time Distribution of Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration System
Authors: Dong Jin Feng , Zhang Yue , Zhang Wei Yu
Published: June 2012

Hydraulic residence time (HRT) is one of the key design parameters controlling the removal efficiency of contaminants and nutrients in subsurface wastewater infiltration system (SWIS). A two-dimensional axisymetric finite element software called SEEP/W was used to simulate unsaturated and saturated flow within SWIS. The paper presents a methodology by example for estimating residence time distribution (RTD) at the design stage of SWIS.
Micro/Nanostructured α-Fe2O3 with Structural Enhanced Removal Capacity of Cr(VI) Ions
Authors: Liu Gang , Deng Quan , Yang Yong , Wang Hui Min , Wang Guo Zhong
Published: June 2012

We have succeeded in preparing micro/nanostructured α-Fe2O3 spheres (MNFSs). The resulted MNFSs have an average diameter of about 5 µm, and are constructed by subunits of interlinked and elongated particles with a diameter of 20~60 nm. MNFSs show an obviously structural enhanced Cr(VI) removal capacity (5.88 mg/g) compared with nanoscaled (0.81 mg/g) and microscaled α-Fe2O3 (0.1 mg/g) due to its high specific surface area together with the special porous structure. Moreover, MNFSs show good availability of reusing to remove Cr(VI) ions.
Numerical Analysis of the Sludge Drying Behaviors with Bottom Periodic Heating
Authors: Wu Zhi Gen , Cui Peng Yi , Tao Wen Quan
Published: June 2012

The drying of sludge can reduce its mass and the volume and consequently the cost of storage, handling and transport. In this paper, a one-dimensional model is established for the sludge drying process and hot water from the solar energy is applied as a discontinuous heat source (periodic heating). Based on the simplified physical model, the thermal behavior of the sludge drying process is investigated by numerical method. The effects of the sludge depth, mixing time and heat transfer coefficient are analyzed. The simulation results show that the most important effecting factor is the mixing time. One hour mixing cycle can increase heat transfer rate to 430%, 130% than that of without mixing and two hours mixing cycle, respectively. On the other side, both the sludge thickness and the heat transfer coefficient have some effects. For the cases studied the 40cm thick sludge with 1 hour mixing time is an optimal option.
Remediation of Black-Odorous Urban Rivers by Using Biostimulants Combined with Low Intensity Aeration
Authors: Hu Zhan Bo , Liu Cheng , Zhou Quan Neng , Wu Chun Hui , Tu Wei Ling , Liang Yi Cong
Published: June 2012

Abstract. Biostimulant and low intensity aeration were used to restore black-odorous water body in Zhupai Creek, Nanning. After 60 days’ experiment, results showed that the removal rate of CODCr、NH3-N and TP were 46.8%、98.7%and 73.3% respectively. The pH value of overlying water changed from 7.61 to 7.92 which would be beneficial to the release of P in the sediment. And the reduction of sediment reached to 5.49 cm. Hence, the remediation effects and speed of biostimulants to the black-odorous urban rivers can be improved greatly by using low intensity aeration.
Study on Several Methods for Inhabitation the Growth of Microcystis aerugrinosa
Authors: Zhu Li Nan , Liu Gui Fang , Zhang Lin , Kang Kai
Published: June 2012

The water eutrophication is becoming more and more serious, and the growth of microcystis aerugrinosa must be inhibited. So the research for an effective method for removal of algae in water is becoming increasingly urgent. Several methods for inhabitation the growth of microcystis aerugrinosa were studied. The results indicated that phenol can inhabit the growth of algae effectively and aeration had little effect on the growth of algae. With the oxidation of •OH and the flocculation effect of Fe3+ and its complex flocculation by fenton reagent, it achieved comprehensive pollution removal.
Study on the Process of Potassium Sulfate Production from Lop Nur Salt Lake Brine Resource
Authors: Li Hao , Chen Zhen , Lei Guang Yuan
Published: June 2012

Lop Nur salt Lake is the largest potassium brine deposits discovered in China. Its brine is a kind of magnesium sulfate sub-type brine and can be used to produce potassium sulfate fertilizer. In this paper, response to the feature of various potassium salts in brine evaporation and crystallization product and the great variety with evaporation temperature, the potassium sulfate production process was studied in detail. The mixed salts were pre-conversed and post-floated to form schoenite with the desirable potassium grade. In view of the natural conditions of severe water shortage in Lop Nur, carnallite from post-stage of brine evaporation was decomposed creatively by low-magnesium saturated brine to produce coarse potassium chloride. Eventually, conversion experiment was carried out to produce potassium sulfate by adding water into schoenite and coarse potassium chloride. Raw material ratio, water volume, conversion time, conversion temperature, stirring intensity and other conditions was tested and determined. Optimized product of superior quality for agricultural use, with 57.54% conversion rate and 43.27% potassium sulfate, was achieved.
An Environmental Risk Assessment Model for the Chemical Synthestic Pharmaceutical Wastewater by Euglena
Authors: Sun Hua Rong , Zou Qi , Wang Xiao Long
Published: June 2012

Trying to carry out environmental risk assessment for the chemical synthestic pharmaceutical wastewater quantificational, the investigation for the fauna of aquatic protozoa, co-relationship analysis among different concentrations of wastewater and survival rates of primarily selected protozoa, and fitting function analysis were performed. At last the euglena, the representative bio-indicator, was selected according to the principles of being dominant species, high co-relationship and high coefficient of fitting function. The optimal culture time was set as 60 mins empirically, that at this point the survival rates of euglena were influenced by the concentrations of wastewater mainly with the biggest difference spectrum of 0.183 and highly significant negative co-relationship (r=-0.9988, P=0.022). The equation of fitting function was: y=-0.69x+0.82; the risk levels were set according to the fitting function: survival rate≥0.82, no risk; 0.41<survival rate<0.82, low risk; 0.000<survival rate≤0.41, medium risk; survival rate≤0.000, high risk.
Comparison of Chlorination and Ozonation Disinfection for Municipal Wastewater Reclamation
Authors: Tang Biao Wen , Lin Hua
Published: June 2012

For the microbial Safety of municipal reclaimed wastewater, comparison of chlorination and ozonation disinfection efficiency was investigated. Chlorination can not completely inactivate the E. coli, which reduce to 100 count/L and maintain stabilization with chlorination dose increasing to16mg/L, and different chlorination disinfectors have almost disinfect efficiently. As a strong disinfection, the same inactivation efficiency of E. coli as chlorination could be achieved an ozone dose of 7 mg/L, and its running cost is about 0.06 yuan/m3.
Duck Feather Nonwoven Fabrics for Textile Dying Effluent
Authors: Wang Hong , Ren Qi , Jin Xiang Yu , Wu Hai Bo
Published: June 2012

In this paper, duck feather fiber was treated by alkaline solution first, then its Cu2+ sorption capacity was tested and the sorption mechanism was studied by utilizing infrared spectrum (FTIR) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD). Moreover, desorption properties of the treated duck feather fiber were investigated in order to exploit it as a recycled industrial effluent treatment material. At last, duck feather fiber was air-laid and thermal-bonded into a kind of composite nonwoven fabric by adding bicomponent low melt PE/PP fiber as binder fiber. It is found that duck feather/bicomponent PE/PP fiber composite nonwoven fabrics show good mechanical properties and Cu2+ and Cr6+ sorption capacity. It is a promising material for textile dying effluent treatment.
Economic and Environmental Measures on Maritime Transportation Logistics the Case of GHG Emissions
Authors: Mzee Philemon Kazimil , Gurumo Tumaini Shabani
Published: June 2012

Freely flowing international trade, carried predominantly by a large and heterogeneous fleet of ocean going vessels, has been the impetus behind the significant advances in world prosperity experienced in the second-half of the 20th century. Decreased trading barriers and reduced tariffs have facilitated the development of a truly interlinked and globalised economy. The business community has responded to this new trading environment and has increasingly sought commercial partners, suppliers and customers throughout the globe. The very act of producing goods for markets has also changed radically as suppliers and manufacturers have developed efficient production processes that reduce inventory holding to a very minimum production processes made possible by fast, efficient and unfettered international transport. The emerging paradigm for global prosperity has been predicated on near frictionless transport and trade. This paper looks at the implications of various emission policies for maritime logistics. There can be important trade off that can be important benefits associated with such measures as reduction in streaming speed and change in the number of vessels in the fleet and more conventional logistics.
Effect of Nitrate on Sulphur Transformations Depending on Carbon Load in Laboratory-Scale Wetlands Treating Artificial Sewage
Authors: Wu Shu Biao , Lv Tao , Li Chunyan , Kuschk Peter , Wiessner Arndt , Pang Chang Le , Dong Ren Jie
Published: June 2012

Two laboratory-scale constructed wetlands planted with Juncus effusus were used to investigate the dynamics of sulphur transformations under varying nitrate and organic carbon loads as well as its interactions with microbial carbon and nitrogen transformations. The removal of dissolved organic carbon was obtained to be around 65-87% with specific removal load of 1.40-2.63 g/m2 d. 94% of nitrate removal (under inflow concentration of 15 mg/L) irrespective of organic carbon loads indicated a highly active denitrification process in wetlands. Sulphate reduction was performed at a high level of 83% in a low redox potential (about -300 mV) under condition of inflow organic carbon concentration of 50 mg/L. The dosage of nitrate in the inflow can strongly hinder the process ofdissimilatory microbial sulphate. The coexist of sulphide with concentration of 1.65-2.65 mg/L and elemental sulphur of 0.17-2.18 mg/L in the pore water of wetlands demonstrated a simultaneous occurrence of microbial sulphate reduction and sulphide oxidation. A lower ammonium oxidation removal was initiated, which was probably caused by the toxic effect of sulphide with concentration of about 3 mg/L in the pore water. The sulphide concentration in the pore water was highly exponentially correlated with the redox potential, indicating the control of sulphide in wetlands could be performed by the adjustment of redox potential via aeration and/or nitrate dosage.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Ultraviolet Absorbers in Wastewater Using Ti/PbO2 Electrodes
Authors: Yang Chu Yin , Chen Fei Xiang , Wang Jia De , Liu Qi
Published: June 2012

The anodic oxidation of ultraviolet absorbers in wastewater was investigated on Ti/PbO2 electrodes. Specifically, the effect of current density and pH was examined. After the 180 min of electrolysis at the current density 10 mA•cm-2 and pH 4, the COD removal efficiency and decolorization rate were 98.49% and 99.2%, respectively. Comparing electro-oxidation process with Fenton process, the former removal efficiencies of COD and color were 1.4 times and 1.2 times than that in the latter one. Additionally, the electro-oxidation did not need any chemicals while Fenton process consumed certain amount of chemicals and produced huge sludge. Such studies provided some relevant information about the applicability of electro-oxidation system for treatment of wastewater contaminated by industrial organic synthesis.
Elimination of Pollutants and Emerging Contaminants in Piggery Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors: Tong Lei , Li Ping , Shao Yi Xian , Wang Yan Xin
Published: June 2012

Piggery wastewater includes a lot of hardly degradable pollutants, which are not well removed during treatment plants. In our study, a multi-stage wastewater treatment system was introduced, which contains liquid-solid separation, anaerobic fermentation, aerobic treatment, functional material filtration and oxidation processes. In RPAFR, the readily biodegradable organic matter was degraded, and the removal efficiency of COD and BOD5 reached 80%; but nitrogen and phosphorus could not be removed effectively. When MEOD and MFMI were operated to treat digested effluent, nitrogen and phosphorus were effectively removed. The removal of three kinds of antibiotics (FQs, SMs and TCs) in piggery wastewater treatment plants were detected, and for most antibiotics, more than 90% compounds were eliminated, but only few of them were totally removed in wastewater of final effluent. The weather also influenced the removal efficiency of DC, CIP and SMZ, which were better in autumn than spring, however, the whole trend of antibiotics elimination were similar in different weather. Different kinds of antibiotics residues in final effluent enhanced the ecological risk of environmental waters and human health.
Research on Soil Infiltration Systems for Domestic Sewage Treatment
Authors: Yue Xiao Fang , Liu Bo , Fang Lin , Liu Chang Kun
Published: June 2012

In this paper, the performance of the constructed rapid infiltration system ( CRI ) for removal of organic pollutants of domestic sewage was investigated. The results showed that the system had higher efficiency of CODCr removal. The removal rate of CODCr was 86.1% by constructed rapid infiltration system without carbonized sludge , 91.8% with carbonized sludge. The system overcomes the disadvantage of traditional wastewater rapid infiltration land treatment system ( RI ) that the hydraulic load is low, but retains the advantages that the solution process are the low cost, the ease of processing, less energy consumption and good water quality.
Speciation of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments from Northern Beibu Gulf
Authors: Li Yue Han , Zheng Ai Rong , Ma Zhi Kai
Published: June 2012

The four species of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd) were analyzed using BCR (the Bureau Communautaire de Reference) sequential extraction method. Results showed that, about the contents the four species (exchangeable and carbonate state, Fe-Mn oxides state, organic and sulfide state and residual state) in surface sediment, the average contents of Cu were 0.94 μg/g, 2.17 μg/g, 1.18 μg/g and 13.19 μg/g, respectively. the average contents of Pb were1.51 μg/g, 12.90 μg/g, 4.51 μg/g and 16.42 μg/g, respectively; the average contents of Zn were 1.82 μg/g, 13.00 μg/g, 4.20 μg/g and 48.97 μg/g, respectively; the average contents of Cd were 0.010 μg/g, 0.012 μg/g, 0.005 μg/g and 0.063 μg/g, respectively; the average contents of Cr were 0.32 μg/g, 2.98 μg/g, 4.22 μg/g and 13.19 μg/g, respectively. The predominant species of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd is residual state. The relative abundance in residual state for these elements followed the order: Cr＞Cu＞Zn＞Cd＞Pb. The pollution degree was assessed with ratio of secondary phase to primary phase. Results showed that the sediments in the northern Beibu Gulf were uncontaminated with Cu, Zn and Cr. 12 % of the sites was slightly polluted with Cd. 47 % of the sites were polluted with Pb.
Study on Advanced Treatment of Coking Wastewater Using Modified Bentonite
Authors: Guo Hai Xia , Ding Fei
Published: June 2012

The purpose of this paper is to study the effectively remove organic and inorganic contaminatants in advanced treatment of coking wastewater and try to find a new efficient and inexpensive economical adsorbent project. The organic-inorganic modified Bentonite is used in the experiment as the adsorbent to find out the adsorptive capability under the different conditions of temperature, PH value, adsorptive time, and so on. The results show that Al—CTMAB MB (Aluminum Sulphate & cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide Modified Bentonite)can reduce the ammonia nitrogen and COD in coking wastewater in the experiment with the dosage of 50g/L, shock for 30 min and PH value is 9 for the best project.
Study on Gravel-Less Perforated Pipe Leach Fields under Different Substrate
Authors: Wang Zhi Shuai , Wang Cheng Duan
Published: June 2012

With hydraulic loading of 3.3cm/d, five kinds of Gravel-less perforated pipe leach field’s experimental equipment (GPPLF) filled with soil or river sand to treat rural sewage were discussed. The results indicated that the optimal combination's average removal efficiencies of COD, turbidity, TP, NH3-N, and TN were 82.4%, 94.2%, 74.1%, 98.4%, 55.1% respectively. And average effluent COD, turbidity, TP, NH3-N, and TN were 17.3 mg/L, 3.9 NTU, 0.55 mg/L, 0.36 mg/L, 12.1 mg/L correspondingly. They could reach the requirement of the first degree discharge standards in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002). And contrasted with conventional perforated pipe leach fields, the removal efficiencies of COD, turbidity, TP, NH3-N, and TN were increased 1.4%, 5.1%, 22.1%, 61.8%, 15.1% accordingly. The removal mechanism analysis of NH3-N and TN revealed that the low C/N ratio was probably the most important factor for the low removal of TN.
Study on the Isolation, Identification and Degradation Characterizaion of a DDT-Degrading Bacteria
Authors: Niu Jia , Wang Ji Hua , Cui Di , Liu Xiang , Guang Hui
Published: June 2012

A Gram positive bacterium strain 12-3 for degrading DDT effectively was isolated from the DDT contaminated site of the shipyard in Guangzhou by enrichment culture, which could utilize DDT as the sole carbon source for growth. This strain was identified as Pseudomonas species. Based on the phenotype, physiological and biochemical identification, and fatty acids identification. Testing theirs DDT degradation rate with HPLC, the results showed that in a shaky flask containing 20 mg/L DDT, this strain could degrade DDT with degradation efficiency of 51.6% in 8 days at 30°C, pH 8.0.
Summary of the Toxicological Effect of Bisphenol A in Aquatic
Authors: Fu Bao Rong , Li Nan , Wu Jian , Zhang Run Jie , Hui Xiu Juan
Published: June 2012

Bisphenol A（BPA）is an exogenous substance. It can disturb the normal incretion and influence the physiological process of organism, especially the aquatic. This article presented the characteristics and distribution of BPA in water. Meanwhile, the effects on daphnia magna and zebra fish and other aquatics caused by BPA were presented in detail. Finally, the research trends of BPA were discussed.
The Effects of Zn2+, Cd2+ Pollution on Physiological and Biochemical Characters of Sesbania cannabina Pers.
Authors: Cui Da Lian , Ma Yu Xin , Pang Cai Ju , Ding Xue Jiao
Published: June 2012

The Sesbania seedlings experimented, in hydroponic conditions, we studied Zn2+, Cd2+ physiological toxic on Sesbania seedling. The results show that: Zinc and cadmium had a serious effect on poisoning of Sesbania seedlings. With zinc and cadmium Stress concentration increased, Sesbania leaf chlorophyll content showed a trend that increased first and then decreased; Soluble protein content showed a downward trend; proline content showed an upward trend; SOD and POD activity showed increased first and then decreased. Zn2+ and Cd2+ had various effects on toxic intensity, Cd2+ showed a stronger toxic effects.
A Multi-Objective Optimal Model for a Petroleum-Contaminated Aquifer Groundwater Remediation in Western Canada
Authors: Yang Qi , Shen Jing , Fan Xing , Li Chao , Shen Yang Shuo , Huang Guo He , He Li
Published: June 2012

During the groundwater has been suffered from varies degrees pollution. It needs an approach to help decision maker to determine remediation strategies. In this study, a groundwater multi-objective model that includes two objectives (i.e. total remediation cost and average concentration after remediation) is proposed and successfully applied to a petroleum-contaminated aquifer located in western Canada. It can determine a remediation strategy through optimal software MATLAB after convert multi-objective into a non-linear objective using α liner weighting method.
Adsorption of Styrene on Hydrochloric Acid-Modified Sepiolite
Authors: Du Zhao , Yang Bin Bin , Duan Er Hong , Guo Bin
Published: June 2012

In this work, the breakthrough curves of styrene in fixed beds packed separately with hydrochloric acid-modified sepiolite were determined. And the Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) method is applied to research the desorption activation energy on modified sepiolite and untreated sepiolite. The results showed that in compared with the original sepiolite, the hydrochloric acid-modified sepiolite had more surface basic groups, pore volume and higher surface area so that their adsorption capacities of styrene were improved. The sepiolite modified with 12% hydrochloric acid solution had more micropore volume and higher surface area than the other modified sepiolite, and thus its adsorption capacity of styrene was the highest. The activation energy for desorption of styrene on the modified is higher than on the original sepiolite, this show that using hydrochloric acid modified sepiolite can enhance its adsorption of styrene.
Application of Bio-Carrier in a Ecological Floating Bed for Removal of Nitrogenous Pollutants: A Review
Authors: Wang Yin Mei
Published: June 2012

The article reviewed the advanced methods of ecological floating bed including usage of non-biodegradable bio-carrier, choosen of excellent plants, ion-beam irradiation, immobilized bacteria and aeration. Based on the review, the authors present the idea using biodegrable materials as bio-carrier, which not only could enhance the biomass in the ecological floating bed, but also could overcome the insufficience in carbon source for biological denitrification.
Empirical Study on the Performance Evaluation of the Black Color and Odor Urban Rivers Treatment Projects
Authors: Qian Chang Ping , Liu Yao Long , Wang Jun , Chen Zhen Lou
Published: June 2012

Integrated with the project performance research development in the world, this article structures a performance evaluation system which accords with the urban rivers pollution characteristics and the treatment project performance in the south city of China. With an empirical study on the treatment project of the Panlongjiang River in Nanba Village of Kunming City, this article evaluates the treatment projects from the aspects of social economic profit, ecological benefit and the social benefit for people’s livelihood. The evaluation result shows that the treatment project on the part of Panlongjiang River in Nanba Village of Kunming City works effectively. The investment and income, the benefit of projects and the river environmental quality belong to the level of very efficient. The pollution emission reduction benefit, the ecological quality of riparian zone landscape, aquatic environment condition, and the development of basic establishment belong to the level of efficient. The environmental protection and management performance belongs to the level of ordinary. The practice demonstrates that this evaluation index system has certain serviceability and can reflect the process and the real achievements of treatment projects of black color and odor urban rivers.
Experiment of Polyester Wastewater Treatment by Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor and an Engineering Application
Authors: Lv Si Hao , Chang Hui , Liang Zhi Hui , Zeng Yan Yan , Fan Hong Bo
Published: June 2012

A pilot study was carried out to evaluate the application of aerobic submerged MBR in treating polyester wastewater and a full scale system in which MBR was adopted as the key aspect was put forward to treat the polyester wastewater of Zhuhai Yuhua Polyester co., Ltd., China. The pilot study revealed that HRT could be affected by the influent COD, and a HRT larger than 36h was proposed for treating polyester wastewater by MBR. Volumetric loading rate and sludge loading rate ranged in 0.7-2.0 kgCOD/m3•d and 0.09~0.24 kgCOD/ kgMLSS•d respectively were of small influence on the COD removal. DO in the range of 2.5-4.0 mg/L seemed to be optimal for avoiding limitations due to oxygen concentration and creating an effective turbulence. The modified full scale system which includes anaerobic digesting tank and MBR followed by a stabilization pond was verified to be effective to treat the polyester wastewater in the latest two years. The results illustrated that the effluent water quality could meet the discharge limits of water pollutants (DB 44/26-2001) which was established in Guangdong, China. Observed sludge yield of the system fluctuated between 0.10-0.18 gMLSS/gCOD and averaged at 0.137 gMLSS/gCOD. The membrane permeate at around 10 L/m2h, TMP of less than 0.7bar, and total mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) between 6-7g/L were suitable to operate the MBR.
High-Concentration Nitrogen Removal by Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Process
Authors: Liao Tao Hong , Liu Kang Huai , Yang Jia Chun , Furukawa Kenji
Published: June 2012

This experiment aimed to explore the effect of high- concentration nitrogen removal by Anaerobic ammonium oxidation process. The mixed liquor suspended solid(MLSS)was 510 mg/L. In the beginning of the experiment, the inflow concentration rate of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen was about 1:1.3 and the total nitrogen concentration was low. When the reactor reached the ideal treatment effect then gradually increased the total nitrogen concentration, until reaching the maximum nitrogen load rate(NLR) of the reactor. In the temperature of 34.4 °C, PH was 7.23, the inflow concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 223.3 mg. N/L, the inflow concentration nitrite nitrogen was 289.7 mg. N/L, the dissolved oxygen (DO) was 2.3 mg. N/L, the nitrogen load rate (NLR) was 6.08 kg. N / (m3. d), the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) was 5.60 kg. N / (m3. d), the total nitrogen (TN) removal rate was 92.2%, under this conditions, the reactor achieved the best effect.
Far-Infrared Thermal Desorption of Sandy Soil and its Mechanism
Authors: Gao Guo Long , Jiang Jian Guo , Xiao Ye , Zhou Lian Bi
Published: June 2012

A full-field investigation was conducted of far-infrared thermal desorption of sandy soil polluted by r-Hexachlorocyclohexane (RH). The effects of thermal desorption time, temperature, vacuum and water content on the thermal desorption efficiency (CE) were determined. CE of RH is increasing with the increasing of thermal desorptionSubscript text time, temperature, vacuum. The optimum thermal desorption conditions for sandy soil are as follows: thermal desorption time 10 minutes, thermal desorption temperature 200°C, vacuum 0.05MPa and water content 15%.The material balance was basically realized, and most RH lies in condensed liquid.
Low NOx Combustion Technologies for Power Plant
Authors: Li Yan Chao , Li Fang Qin , Hao Zhi Wu
Published: June 2012

The paper introduce the main measures to reduce NOx emission in boiler combustion progress, the principles of several low NOx combustion technologies at home and abroad and the application in power plant boiler. Analysis are made to these traditional measures of their limitations. The development of NOx control in combustion progress and the prospect forecast of low NOx combustion technologies is also discussed.
Optimal Operation on the Desulfurization System in the 480t/h CFB Boiler
Authors: Li Zhi Gang , Chen Jin Li , Li Jing Ji
Published: June 2012

This paper introduced the principle of inner-furnace desulfurization system of CFB boilers by injecting limestone, and investigated the factors of the desulfurization efficiency. The desulfurization efficiency and stability of 480t/h CFB boilers manufactured by DongFang Boiler (Group) Co., Ltd were greatly increased by retrofitting the limestone injection position from dense region to the down secondary-air inlet of the back-wall. The improvement was achieved by increasing the oxygen concentration as well as optimizing the temperature of the reaction zone.
Reduction of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Content in Piggery Water with Algal Culture
Authors: Shen Ying , Wang Jing , Chen Wei , Lin Xiang Yang
Published: June 2012

Animal waste causes environmental problems like eutrophication of ground and water. The objective of this study was to fix the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in swine waste into biomass by investigating the performance of sole and mixed algae species culture with fast growth algae Scenedesmus obliquus and wild algae Chlorella sp. Wastewater concentrations varied from 25 to 100% and initial pH varied from 6 to 9 were conducted. The results indicated that the initial wastewater concentration and pH are crucial to biomass growth and the removing rate of TN and TP. It was found out that the maximum biomass growth rate of 73 mg/l/d was achieved with mixed species culture in 75% piggery wastewater (with TN and TP of 54 and 12 mg/l) with pH 7, meanwhile, the removing rate of TN and TP reached 87.3% and 64.3% with 10 days culture, respectively.
Study on Effect of Voltage on Treatment of Phenol Wastewater by Three-Dimension E-Fenton
Authors: Ban Fu Chen , Zhao Xiao Tong
Published: June 2012

In order to discuss the effect of voltage on treatment of phenol wastewater by three-dimension E-Fenton. The paper mensurates the removal rate of phenol and current density, Faraday efficiency under different voltage. For the treatment of phenol wastewater by three-dimension electrode Fenton reagent method, in a certain range of voltage with the hoist of voltage the impetus of electrochemical oxidation reaction enhancing and the removal rate of phenol heightening subsequently. In this experiment conditions, the appropriate electrolytic voltage is 12V. It is particularly important to selecting the reasonable electrolytic voltage for reducing energy consumption and improving the effect of organic matter degradation. With the increase of electrolytic voltage, the corresponding Faraday efficiency decrease. The process of phenol oxidative degradation follows first order reaction kinetic model in electrochemical reactor. The correlation relationship of electrolytic voltage and reaction kinetics constant k is k=0.0006674U1.7784.
Study on the Passenger Transportation Energy Demand and Carbon Emission of Jilin Province Based on LEAP Model
Authors: Ma Zhuo , Wang Yong Xuan , Duan Hai Yan , Wang Xian En , Dong De Ming
Published: June 2012

With the continuous development of the economic economy, the demands for automobiles in Jilin province increase constantly. The carbon emission control of transportation department will become one of the key fields for greenhouse gas control in Jilin province. This paper employs the LEAP Model, through setting Baseline scenario and Low-carbon scenario, to imitate the long-term energy demand and carbon emission of urban passenger transport in Jilin province. Then after the comparative analysis, this paper investigates the major impact elements and feasible paths for Jilin’s transportation industry carbon emission.
The Application of Regression Analysis in the Characteristics Research of Adjustment to Flue Gas Temperature at Furnace Outlet of CFB Boiler
Authors: Mao Xiao Fei
Published: June 2012

A type of HG-1025/18.64-L.PM41 circulating fluidized bed boiler (CFB) has been put into production since 2009, a lot of significant experiences have been accumulated by the equipment improvement and operation exploration. To further understand the adjustment characteristics of flue gas temperature at furnace outlet, the operation data of 30 operating conditions have been measured, and also the method of regression analysis is applied to research and analyze the correlative factors composed of boiler load rate, ash content as received basis, volatile content as received basis, net calorific value as received basis, particle diameter of feeding coal, bed pressure, primary air ratio, upper secondary air ratio, lower secondary air ratio and oxygen content at furnace outlet.
The Residue of Heavy Metals in Lobster Sauce and the Shallow Analysis of Occurred Mechanism
Authors: Chen Peng , Cao Peng Hua
Published: June 2012

Using thiol-activated-carbon adsorption heavy metal (Cd) in lobster sauce were studied.The content of Cd in lobster sauce from the different manufacturers are detected in the appropriate adsorption conditions and analytical conditions, while on the mechanism of heavy metals in lobster sauce were analyzed. The results show that: the thiol-activated-carbon adsorption of heavy metals in the lobster sauce has a good effect on adsorption and desorption .At the same time ,it is to be found that the content of heavy metal (Cd) after using this method to dispose the samples is higher than the national standards relating to the content of heavy metal (Cd) in beans.Its occurred mechanism mainly is soybean itself pollution, soybean itself with the manufacturing technique and added salt ，etc.
A Development of Intelligent Dry Dust Removal Equipment for Coal and Ash Handling System of Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Song Feng Lian , Sheng Zong Jian , Xu Zhen Sen , Lu Qiao
Published: June 2012

Chinese energy structure is nowadays dominated by thermal power plants, while coal production and consumption are huge with large amount of water consumption and massive dust produce. Energy saving, water conservation and environmental protection have to be carried on. An intelligent dry dust removal equipment is developed, witch is driven by compressed air, jet Venturi tube is drawing air ash and coal dust on the ground, a cyclone separating filter is collecting the dust, second level collection is the cloth filter, SO2 and CO2 filtration and purification are from solid adsorbent filter at outlet. It realizes zero water consumption and emission for handling the dry dust. The intelligent dry dust removal device is more energy saving, flexibility and easy to use.
Analysis of Organochlorine Pesticides in Soil Using Optimized FMAE-GC/MS
Authors: He Shan Shan , Wang Yu Jun , Cao Ling , Wang Yan Xin , Dong Chuang Ju
Published: June 2012

A focused microwave-assisted extraction (FMAE) was optimized and coupled to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for the determination of organochlorine pesticides in soil samples. According to the result, the combination of 20 min extraction time at 48 °C and a mixture of 1+1 of n-hexane-acetone as extraction solvent is the best conditions. The recovery values is 72.8%～96.4% in the above conditions. The relative standard deviation was 4.39%~13.18%. We have good recovery values when spiked 20ng, 40ng and 60ng standard into 5.00g soil sample.
Analysis on Characteristic of Water Pollution and Water Environment Countermeasures of Middle Section of Inner Qinhuai River in NanJing
Authors: Chen De Qiang , Maimai Ti A Bu Du Aini , Liu Xiao Zhong
Published: June 2012

Based on investigation of current situation of the water environment of middle section of Inner Qinhuai River in Nanjing city, the water quality was assessed using single factor index method. The results showed that the water quality of Inner Qinhuai River was worse than Grade V of surface water environment quality standard(GB3838-2002).The key pollutants were total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen. The characteristics and genesis of water pollution were discussed as well, and strategy and suggestion to improve water quality was put forward.
Application of Modified Coal Fly Ash as an Absorbent for Ammonia-Nitrogen Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Chen Xiao Jing , Guo Yan Xia , Cheng Fang Qing , Song Hui Ping , Zheng Nan , Wang Xu Ming
Published: June 2012

Three methods, sodium hydroxide hydrothermal treatment, sodium carbonate calcination-hydrothermal treatment, and sodium hydroxide calcination-hydrothermal treatment, were used to modify fly ash as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment. Results from XRD analysis show that the fly ash with sodium hydroxide hydrothermal treatment the fly ash has a porous structure in which alumina disappear and silica is dissolved. With sodium carbonate calcination-hydrothermal treatment exhibits nepheline and Na7Al7SiO16 structures. With sodium hydroxide calcination-hydrothermal treatment a zeolite-like new phase and porous structure can be observed. Results from SEM and BET indicate that the specific surface area increases from 0.160 m2/g for the raw material to 7.22 m2/g, 1.05m2/g and 276 m2/g for the respectively modified by sodium hydroxide hydrothermal treatment, sodium carbonate calcination-hydrothermal treatment and sodium hydroxide calcination-hydrothermal treatment. The three modified fly ash were used to treat a concentration of 80 mg/L of ammonia-nitrogen wastewater. The removal capacity for the three modified ash was 58%, 44% and 94% respectively that was significant higher than 14% for the original fly ash. These results show that fly ash by alkali modification can improve the activity and enhance the ability of ammonia-nitrogen wastewater treatment.
Assessment of the Nitrogen Estimation of Fecal Residue and Waste Water Production Amount and its Risk Predict in Nanning City
Authors: He Jun He , Xian Ping , Zheng Xiong , Liu Ya Qing , Li Xiao Ping , Xu Ying Bo , Tang Ming
Published: June 2012

The computational parameter and statistical methods of pig fecal equivalent of the livestock and poultry manure in nanning County is determined in the current project based on the several surveys of local farming conditions, and pig excrement equivalent number from 2004 to 2009 are calculated. Based on pig fecal equivalent, we forecast poultry excrement load of early warning value from 2010 to 2015 year by using the GM (1, 1) model. The result indicates that from 2010 to 2015 the livestock manure emissions in nanning city increase from 18063400 tons to 19168900 tons, the average farm manure load reached 27.70 t/ha from 26.11 t/ha, the R value increases gradually, the agricultural non-point pollution thereat degree of animal manure actually assures the tendency of aggravating.