bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MSW landfill leachate: formation, characterization and treatment
Authors:   Institute of Earth Sciences, Milyutina Natalia O. , Zelenkovsky Pavel S. ,   Institute of Earth Sciences, Smyatskaya Yulia A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politaeva Natalia A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: February 2021

The present article discusses the negative impact of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills on the environment due to the migration of leachate formed during waste decomposition. The leachate contains an extensive list of pollutants that migrates in soils, surface and underground waters. The article provides a review of literature regarding the main stages of leachate formation and changes in its chemical composition during the landfill’s life cycle. Landfill waste undergo biogeochemical decomposition in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. At the initial stages of waste degradation, easily decomposable organic compounds oxidize leading to high values of chemical and biological oxygen demand (COD and BOD) in the formed leachate, lowering the pH of the medium to 4-5. This in turn leads to the transition of metal ions to the liquid phase due to an increase of their activity in acidic mediums. In anaerobic conditions, further waste degradation takes place producing carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, mercaptans, hydrogen sulfide, organic acids and water. In the leachate formed after 10 years of landfill operation, the content of organic carbon decreases, the fraction of bioresistant components increases, the pH of the medium increases to 7.5-8.5, metal ions form hardly soluble compounds and sulfates are reduced to sulfides. The chemical composition of the leachate, presented in this article, demonstrates its changes depending on the stage of the landfill’s life cycle. Also, basic schemes of treatment plants for MSW leachate used in Russia and abroad are described based on a combination of traditional wastewater treatment methods (mechanical, biological and physicochemical methods).
Test method for determining phosphate ions in organic products and soil using blister cells
Authors:   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Belopukhov Sergey L. , Jevnerov Alexey V. ,   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Bochkarev Andrey V. ,   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, Baibekov Ravil F. ,   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University
Published: February 2021

A test method for the determination of phosphates in environmental objects has been developed, the determination of phosphate ions can be carried out in the field, the analysis of one sample is carried out for 10-15 minutes. Color characteristics can be monitored both visually and using color processing programs for smartphones such as ON Color Measure or Light Analyzer. Variants of compositions of a series of placers are proposed for visually blister colorimetric determination of phosphate ion concentrations in a blister cell (tablet for tablets) containing a mixture of reagents. The placers allow the quantitative determination of phosphates in various objects without preliminary preparation of reagent solutions. The application of reagents to the surface of silica gel makes it possible to isolate all reagents until a chemical reaction occurs. Each component in a separate placer is isolated, stable for 6 months. Test systems are recommended for semi-quantitative visual testing and for the quantitative determination of the content of phosphate ions in solutions. The composition and application conditions of crystalline substances - reagents capable of providing a sufficiently high acidity with the addition of a few drops of a solution and a reducing agent suitable under blister conditions have been optimized. Visual-colorimetric reaction is carried out under conditions when the volume of the added solution is 2-3 drops. In the environmental objects of the Belogorsky district of the Republic of Crimea, the concentrations of phosphate ions in water samples, soil of carbonate chernozem, biomass of cellulose-containing waste of lavender after extraction of lavender essential oil grown by organic farming were determined. The phosphate content was estimated by the visual blister method in the samples and standard methods, and good convergence of the analysis results was shown.
ALMA Observations of the Inner Cavity in the Protoplanetary Disk around Sz 84
Authors: Hashimoto Jun , Muto Takayuki , Dong Ruobing , Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Marel Nienke van der , Tamura Motohide , Takami Michihiro , Momose Munetake
Published: February 2021

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of a protoplanetary disk around the T Tauri star Sz 84 and analyses of the structures of the inner cavity in the central region of the dust disk. Sz 84's spectral energy distribution (SED) has been known to exhibit negligible infrared excess at λ  ≲ 10 μm due to the disk’s cavity structure. Analyses of the observed visibilities of dust continuum at 1.3 mm and the SED indicate that the size of the cavity in the disk of large (millimeter size) dust grains is 8 au in radius and that in the disk of small (submicron size) dust grains is 60 au in radius. Furthermore, from the SED analyses, we estimate that the upper limit mass of small dust grains at r < 60 au is less than ∼10−3 M
⊕, which is ≲0.01% of the total (small + large) dust mass at r < 60 au. These results suggest that large dust grains are dominant at r < 60 au, implying that dust grains efficiently grow with less efficient fragmentation in this region, potentially due to weak turbulence and/or stickier dust grains. The balance of grain growth and dust fragmentation is an important factor for determining the size of large dust grains in protoplanetary disks, and thus Sz 84 could serve as a good testbed for investigations of grain growth in such disks.
Damage to Relativistic Interstellar Spacecraft by ISM Impact Gas Accumulation
Authors: Drobny Jon , Cohen Alexander N. , Curreli Davide , Lubin Philip , Pelizzo Maria G. , Umansky Maxim
Published: February 2021

As part of the NASA Starlight collaboration, we look at the implications of impacts with the interstellar medium (ISM) on a directed energy-driven relativistic spacecraft. The spacecraft experiences a stream of MeV/nucleon impacts along the forward edge primarily from hydrogen and helium nuclei. The accumulation of implanted slowly diffusing gas atoms in solids drives damage through the meso-scale processes of bubble formation, blistering, and exfoliation. This results in macroscopic changes to material properties and, in the cases of blistering and exfoliation, material erosion via blister rupture and delamination. Relativistic hydrogen and helium at constant velocity will stop in the material at a similar depth, as predicted by Bethe–Bloch stopping and subsequent simulations of the implantation distribution, leading to a mixed hydrogen and helium system similar to that observed within fusion plasma-facing components. However, the difference in depth of near-surface gas atoms with respect to the direction of exposure means that previously developed empirical models of blistering cannot be used to predict bubble formation or blistering onset. In this work, we present a model of the local gas concentration threshold for material blistering from exposure to the ISM at relativistic speeds. Expected effects on the spacecraft and mitigation strategies are also discussed. The same considerations apply to the Breakthrough Starshot mission.
Mutual Neutralization in Li++H−/D− and Na++H−/D− Collisions: Implications of Experimental Results for Non-LTE Modeling of Stellar Spectra
Authors: Barklem Paul S. , Amarsi Anish M. , Grumer Jon , Eklund Gustav , Rosén Stefan , Ji MingChao , Cederquist Henrik , Zettergren Henning , Schmidt Henning T.
Published: February 2021

Advances in merged-beams instruments have allowed experimental studies of the mutual neutralization (MN) processes in collisions of both Li+ and Na+ ions with D− at energies below 1 eV. These experimental results place constraints on theoretical predictions of MN processes of Li+ and Na+ with H−, important for non-LTE modeling of Li and Na spectra in late-type stars. We compare experimental results with calculations for methods typically used to calculate MN processes, namely the full quantum (FQ) approach, and asymptotic model approaches based on the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) and semiempirical (SE) methods for deriving couplings. It is found that FQ calculations compare best overall with the experiments, followed by the LCAO, and the SE approaches. The experimental results together with the theoretical calculations, allow us to investigate the effects on modeled spectra and derived abundances and their uncertainties arising from uncertainties in the MN rates. Numerical experiments in a large grid of 1D model atmospheres, and a smaller set of 3D models, indicate that neglect of MN can lead to abundance errors of up to 0.1 dex (26%) for Li at low metallicity, and 0.2 dex (58%) for Na at high metallicity, while the uncertainties in the relevant MN rates as constrained by experiments correspond to uncertainties in abundances of much less than 0.01 dex (2%). This agreement for simple atoms gives confidence in the FQ, LCAO, and SE model approaches to be able to predict MN with the accuracy required for non-LTE modeling in stellar atmospheres.
Stromlo Stellar Tracks: Non-solar-scaled Abundances for Massive Stars
Authors: Grasha K. , Roy A. , Sutherland R. S. , Kewley L. J.
Published: February 2021

We present the Stromlo Stellar Tracks, a set of stellar evolutionary tracks, computed by modifying the Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA) 1D stellar evolution package, to fit the Galactic Concordance abundances for hot (T > 8000 K) massive (≥10 M
⊙) main-sequence (MS) stars. Until now, all stellar evolution tracks have been computed at solar, scaled-solar, or α-element-enhanced abundances, and none of these models correctly represent the Galactic Concordance abundances at different metallicities. This paper is the first implementation of Galactic Concordance abundances to the stellar evolution models. The Stromlo tracks cover massive stars (10 ≤ M/M
⊙ ≤ 300) with varying rotations (v/v
crit = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4) and a finely sampled grid of metallicities (−2.0 ≤ [Z/H] ≤ +0.5; Δ[Z/H] = 0.1) evolved from the pre-main sequence to the end of 12C burning. We find that the implementation of Galactic Concordance abundances is critical for the evolution of MS, massive hot stars in order to estimate accurate stellar outputs (L, T
eff, g), which, in turn, have a significant impact on determining the ionizing photon luminosity budgets. We additionally support prior findings of the importance that rotation plays on the evolution of massive stars and their ionizing budget. The evolutionary tracks for our Galactic Concordance abundance scaling provide a more empirically motivated approach than simple uniform abundance scaling with metallicity for the analysis of H ii regions and have considerable implications for determining nebular emission lines and metallicity. Therefore, it is important to refine existing stellar evolutionary models for comprehensive high-redshift extragalactic studies. The Stromlo tracks are available to the astronomical community.
Assessment of the Presence of PAHs and Hydrogenated PAHs in the Young Stellar Object Mon R2 and the Taurus Dense Cloud Toward Elias 16
Authors: Chiar J. E. , de Barros A. L. F. , Mattioda A. L. , Ricca A.
Published: February 2021

This study assesses the contribution of neutral polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hydrogenated PAHs (H
n
-PAHs) in H2O-ices to the 3 μm and 5–8 μm regions of the infrared absorption spectrum of the Young Stellar Object, Mon R2 IRS 3, and the Taurus dense cloud in the direction of Elias 16. We compare the astronomical spectra to the previously published laboratory data of matrix-isolated PAHs and H
n
-PAHs in H2O-ices. For the molecules in this study, the band positions, FWHMs, and integrated band strengths have been measured. For the PAHs considered here, the ratio of the experimental A(C–H) stretch (in H2O ices) to the theoretical A(C–H) stretch (in the gas phase) is consistently about 0.10, meaning that the trove of theoretical data can be reliably scaled to compare to the astronomical spectra. We find that the fractional percentage contribution to the 5–8 μm region for Mon R2 IRS 3 ranges between 2.7 and 3.9 for neutral PAHs and 0.25–1.2 for H
n
-PAHs. The best match to the observed 3.25 μm profile in the Mon R2 IRS 3 spectrum is accomplished with the laboratory-measured coronene:H2O spectrum. Using this spectrum we estimate that neutral PAHs contribute up to 12.0% of the cosmic carbon budget for Mon R2 IRS 3 and <14.5% for Elias 16. Neutral hydrogenated PAHs contribute mainly to the 3.47 μm absorption and very little to the 5 to 8 μm region. For neutral H
n
-PAHs, we estimate that they contribute up to 0.6% of the cosmic carbon budget for Mon R2 IRS 3 and <1% for Elias 16.
Uncertainty Propagation in (Gaussian) Convolution
Authors: Klein Randolf
Published: February 2021

Convolution of spectra, maps, or even higher dimensional data is often part of data reduction or analysis. Often a Gaussian kernel is used. When the convolved data are measurements, they are associated with uncertainties. This research notice derives how uncertainties propagate through the convolution. While the math is straightforward algebra, the results are not readily available. Here, the uncertainty propagation applied to regularly gridded data is provided. The calculation is done for uncorrelated data and correlated data.
Long term environmental stability drives reduced stress tolerance in salt lake invertebrates
Authors: O'Dwyer James E. , Murphy Nicholas P.
Published: February 2021

The capacity of species to tolerate physical stressors is critical in a world of increasing environmental instability, however, past selective environments should dramatically impact on future stress tolerance, particularly in isolated populations. Through stabilising selection, long-term environmental stasis may reduce physiological tolerance, creating an evolutionary legacy where populations are less fit if environments change. Few empirical studies have investigated this evolutionary legacy of past selection, and of particular interest whether stabilising selection in a benign environment reduces stress tolerance in natural systems. Here we use multiple populations of salt-lake invertebrates (Coxiella striata, Austrochiltonia subtenuis) with either stable or fluctuating environmental histories to investigate the relationship between stabilising selection and environmental stress resistance. Tolerance to both salinity and temperature stress were examined in invertebrate populations from lakes with long-term (decadal) stable environments and compared with populations from lakes with extreme salinity variations. Individuals from stable environments demonstrated significantly lower survival under both increasing salinity and temperature stresses when compared with environmentally unstable populations. Our results support the hypothesis that the evolutionary legacy from stabilising selection in constant environments leads to reduced stress tolerance. This finding demonstrates that under an increasingly variable climate, the evolutionary legacies of populations will be critical for future survival and adaptation.
Ce que le psychanalyste doit savoir : ignorer ce qu’il sait
Authors: Stryckman Nicole
Published: February 2021

Les piliers de la formation des psychanalystes sont : l’analyse personnelle menée à son terme, l’analyse de contrôle et l’enseignement. L’expérience de la dialectique transférentielle dans sa double dimension constitue un outil indispensable et, en même temps, la mise en acte d’une résistance. Le savoir qui se dévoile dans la cure est une nouvelle forme de savoir où l’inconscient a sa part, ce qui pose la question du savoir qui s’enseigne que ce soit à l’université, dans les institutions analytiques ou dans les médias. Quel savoir enseigner et comment le faire ? Quelles sont les embûches du transfert de travail ? Afin que la formation au dialogue analytique puisse se poursuivre tout au long de sa pratique, l’inscription dans une association de psychanalystes s’avère indispensable pour tout analyste. Cette institution aura aussi pour tâche la transmission des corpus cliniques et théoriques nécessaires à cette formation continue. Une autre de ses fonctions est la mise en place de lieux de réflexions et d’interrogations afin de répondre aux changements sociétaux qui interrogent l’inédit freudien, dans sa clinique comme dans sa théorisation. Ceci en évitant autant que faire se peut les phénomènes aliénants que rencontre tout groupe humain.
La capacité d’être seul du thérapeute
Authors: Riez Nathalie
Published: February 2021

À partir des écrits de Donald Winnicott, cet article propose une analyse du concept de capacité d’être seul depuis la place du thérapeute. J’introduirai mon propos par un retour au texte de 1958 dédié à la capacité d’être seul. Ce développement théorique me permettra d’articuler cette notion à la présence qui lui est fondatrice et d’examiner ce que Winnicott dit de la présence qui accompagne sa pratique de la psychanalyse. Ensuite, je m’intéresserai à la mobilisation de la capacité d’être seul du thérapeute dans le processus thérapeutique. Cette partie clinique me permettra d’envisager cette capacité du thérapeute dans sa dimension de soutien à l’élaboration par l’enfant d’une solitude apaisée.
Détricoter le manteau du couple
Authors: Adandé Marianne
Published: February 2021

À l’occasion d’un atelier sur le thème de la thérapie du couple, l’auteure explore comment elle débusque les implicites dans la dynamique des échanges de couple, afin de permettre aux partenaires d’identifier les enjeux de fond (différenciation, expression des besoins ou intimité…) et de les mettre au travail. Elle relate des dialogues typiques où beaucoup se reconnaîtront. Elle propose une méthode d’apaisement des emballements et elle montre comment les représentations du monde de chacun font écran à la compréhension de l’autre et comment un dialogue restauré peut révéler un lien plus vrai.
La thérapie hors les murs
Authors: Biscarrat Laurent
Published: February 2021

L’évidence peut apparaître comme une norme. Cet article tente de battre en brèche l’une d’entre elles : la thérapie se pratique dans l’espace sécurisé du cabinet. L’auteur explique le dispositif mis en place pour offrir des séances de thérapie autour de la sexualité dans les lieux où se pratique la sexualité dans une perspective sociale de la pratique de la Gestalt. Les deux piliers de cette expérience sont le travail sur le cadre et la conscience de la posture. Ce qui amène à travailler à la marge de ce qui se pratique couramment et à interroger certaines évidences pour en conforter d’autres.
Quand Eros s’invite dans la relation thérapeutique
Authors: Sommet Stéphanie
Published: February 2021

L’irruption de la séduction et du désir au sein de la relation thérapeutique n’est pas facile à négocier pour le thérapeute. Comment gérer la tension entre notre cadre déontologique et une posture gestaltiste engagée dans la relation et le processus en cours avec un client ? À travers deux cas cliniques, l’auteur met en lumière ce qui peut se jouer autour de l’enjeu Eros/Ethos au sein de la dyade thérapeutique et comment nous pouvons oser nous aventurer dans son exploration aux côtés de nos clients, pour les aider à comprendre et transformer leurs représentations et leurs expériences.
Une journée d’assistante de service social en hôpital psychiatrique
Authors: Faugère Jacqueline
Published: February 2021

Bien que le rôle d’une assistante de service social en psychiatrie ne puisse se définir par rapport à une organisation rigide et stéréotypée, l’auteur tente de nous relater les grandes lignes de son travail dans une structure de soins. La prise en compte permanente des aléas liés à l’évolution de la personne et de sa maladie et l’importance d’un travail partagé avec des collègues d’autres professions constituent deux des repères essentiels liés à ce type de travail. Une vignette clinique illustre le propos.
La formation en santé mentale des assistants de services sociaux. Une pertinence questionnée
Authors: Anton Alice , Artigau Pierre
Published: February 2021

Les Assistant de service social sont formés au sein d’instituts en travail social. La question de l’adéquation de cette formation généraliste avec un futur exercice professionnel en psychiatrie est abordée puisque les apports de connaissance dans ce domaine y sont très peu importants. Remarquant que ces instituts forment à une profession et non pas à un métier particulier, les auteurs explicitent comment, localement, grâce à un partenariat de proximité avec le centre hospitalier et des échanges facilités avec le milieu du soin en cours de formation, les étudiants peuvent se familiariser avec ce milieu particulier. Ils plébiscitent enfin le développement systématique de la formation professionnelle continue pour apporter les compléments dans les domaines d’élection des professionnels.
L’assistant social en psychiatrie n’est pas soignant
Authors: Dos Santos Michel
Published: February 2021

Des assistants sociaux du Centre hospitalier du Vinatier en région lyonnaise se sont attachés à un travail de réflexion et de formalisation autour de leur métier. Les 4 textes qui suivent permettent de suivre leur réflexion et d’ouvrir des questionnements autour de leurs pratiques en milieu soigant.
ASS en pédopsychiatrie : le soin comme objectif commun
Authors: Maximilien Martine
Published: February 2021

Des assistants sociaux du Centre hospitalier du Vinatier en région lyonnaise se sont attachés à un travail de réflexion et de formalisation autour de leur métier. Les 4 textes qui suivent permettent de suivre leur réflexion et d’ouvrir des questionnements autour de leurs pratiques en milieu soigant.
Dialogue : pour tenter de définir cette démarche difficile et souvent mal comprise, l’accompagnement des personnes protégées par les mandataires judiciaires
Authors: Lecarpentier Michel , Isabelle Georges
Published: February 2021

Cette analyse de Georges Isabelle en dialogue avec Michel Lecarpentier ouvre à une réflexion où s’intègrent des dimensions juridiques, sociales, éducatives, pédagogiques, sanitaires, psychiatriques, psychanalytiques, etc. distinguées et unies dans une approche qui permet une « humanisation des relations humaines » (Roland Barthes) fructueuse pour les personnes quel que soit leur statut. Au-delà de la division du travail ce feuilletage articule tout ce qui fait la richesse des contacts humains. L’ensemble des registres qui organisent psychiquement l’existence de chacun(e) peut ainsi être mobilisé pour soutenir le désir de construire et de se construire avec autrui. La constellation sanitaire, sociale et médico-sociale est l’outil collectif qui rassemble efficacement ceux qui comptent pour quelqu’un(e) sans trop de risque de rupture existentielle dans son cheminement personnel de majeur protégé par un mandat judiciaire.
Qualitative analysis of integro-differential equations with variable retardation
Authors: Bohner Martin , Tunç Osman
Published: February 2021

The paper is concerned with a class of nonlinear time-varying retarded integro-differential equations (RIDEs). By the Lyapunov–Krasovski$ \overset{\lower0.5em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\smile}$}}{ı} $ functional method, two new results with weaker conditions related to uniform stability (US), uniform asymptotic stability (UAS), integrability, boundedness, and boundedness at infinity of solutions of the RIDEs are given. For illustrative purposes, two examples are provided. The study of the results of this paper shows that the given theorems are not only applicable to time-varying linear RIDEs, but also applicable to time-varying nonlinear RIDEs.
A fast explicit diffusion algorithm of fractional order anisotropic diffusion for image denoising
Authors: Zhang Zhiguang , Liu Qiang , Gao Tianling
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we mainly show a novel fast fractional order anisotropic diffusion algorithm for noise removal based on the recent numerical scheme called the Fast Explicit Diffusion. To balance the efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm, the truncated matrix method is used to deal with the iterative matrix in the model and its error is also estimated. In particular, we obtain the stability condition of the iteration by the spectrum analysis method. Through implementing the fast explicit format iteration algorithm with periodic change of time step size, the efficiency of the algorithm is greatly improved. At last, we show some numerical results on denoising tasks. Many experimental results confirm that the algorithm can more quickly achieve satisfactory denoising results.
Digital Competences in the Elderly and University Students: Didactic Interaction from the Use of Social Networks
Authors: Holguin-Alvarez Jhon , Garay-Rodríguez Paola , Amasifuén-Sánchez Vasti , Huaita Acha Delsi Mariela , Luza Castillo Freddy Felipe , Cruz-Montero Juana , Ledesma-Pérez Fernando
Published: February 2021

Digital Competences mediate the population of vulnerable Latin American contexts. In these there is the need to expand social communication as a way of learning and self-improvement. This research proposes to determine the effects of transfer of digital competences in two types of interaction: university students-adults, adults-schoolchildren. Therefore, two groups of individuals participate in two experimental phases of didactic transfer through the use of social networks, based on the execution of a Research Seed Project and another Project of Professional Practices of Social Responsibility in vulnerable contexts. We found effectiveness in the transfer of Digital Competences in both cases during more than six months of project execution. We report greater predisposition for the acquisition of information, communication, self-evaluation and access to information in adults. The schoolchildren managed to reinforce their skills to apply Digital Safety and Problem Solving, improving notably in this group. This program is seen as part of the improvement of teaching that every school needs as a means of curricular strengthening, whether they are teachers of advanced age or students of the primary stage. We believe that these skills will open up to the professional world with better visionary prospects for developing countries.
Survey of Machine Learning Techniques for Student Profile Modeling
Authors: Hamim Touria , Benabbou Faouzia , Sael Nawal
Published: February 2021

Developments in information technology have led to the emergence of several online platforms for educational purposes, such as e-learning platforms, e-recommendation systems, e-recruitment system, etc. These systems exploit advances in Machine Learning to provide services tailored to the needs and profile of students. In this paper, we propose a state of art on student profile modeling using machine learning techniques during last four years. We aim to analyze the most used and most efficient machine learning techniques in both online and face-to-face education context, for different objectives such as failure, dropout, orientation, academic performance, etc. and also analyze the dominant features used for each objective in order to achieve a global view of the student profile model. Decision Tree is the most used and the most efficient by most of research studies. And academic, personal identity and online behavior are the top characteristics used for the student profile. To strengthen the survey results, an experiment was carried out, based on the application of machine learning techniques extracted from the state of art analysis, on the same datasets. Decision tree gave the highest performance, which confirms the survey results.
The Case for a Cost-Effective General-Purpose Computer Cluster for Small Colleges
Authors: Colafranceschi Stefano , De Biase Emanuele
Published: February 2021

The computational capabilities of commercial CPUs and GPUs reached a plateau but soft-ware applications are usually memory-intense tasks and they commonly need/utilize most recent hardware developments. Computer clusters are an expensive solution, although reliable and versatile, with a limited market share for small colleges.

Small schools would typically rely on cloud-based systems because they are more afford-able (less expensive), manageable (no need to worry about the maintenance), and easier to implement (the burden is shifted into the datacenter). Here we provide arguments in favor of an on-campus hardware solution, which, while providing benefits for students, does not present the financial burden associated with larger and more powerful computer clus-ters. We think that instructors of engineering/computer science faculties might find this a viable and workable solution to improve the computing environment of their school without incurring the high cost of a ready-made solution.

At the basis of this proposal is the acquisition of inexpensive refurbished hardware and of a type1 VMware hypervisor with a free licensing, as well as of a custom-made web plat-form to control the deployed hypervisors. VMware is a global leader in cloud infrastruc-ture and software-based solutions. In particular, the adoption of a customized "Elastic Sky X integrated" as hypervisor together with Virtual Operating Systems installed in the very same datastore, would constitute an interesting and working proof-of-concept achieving a computer cluster at a fraction of the market cost.
Gender Differences in Digital Competence Among Secondary School Students
Authors: Maon Siti Noorsuriani , Mohd Hassan Naffisah , Mohamad Yunus Noorain , Abdul Kader Jailani Sri Fatiany Syed , Suzila Kassim Erne
Published: February 2021

Digital technologies have become powerful tools in today society in many aspects. However, without proper knowledge and guidance, youth is   being challenged with potential hazards of cybercrimes. Hence, the purpose of this study was to compare who is at a greater risk of cybercrimes, and to assess whether there is a significant difference in the digital competency between girls and boys at rural areas. Digital competence was measured as technology, cognitive, ethical knowledge and communication, and cybersecurity was measured as intellectual property, privacy, accuracy and accessibility. Questionnaires were distributed to selected secondary schools. Based on the t-test analyses of 211 responses, the findings indicate there is a significant difference in the attitude toward ICT usage between male and female students, as well as significant differences in the behavior of troubleshooting, staying safe online and being credible and in the ethical knowledge. Comparing the cybersecurity traits, gender differentiates the privacy concerns, accuracy and accessibility behavior. As the results are alarming, specific concerns and focus must be placed on youth digital technology usage and education for ensuring they are not neglected, and exposed as cyber victims, but also to raise a responsible e-society with excellent digital citizenship attributes.
Digital Technologies in Education 4.0. Does it Enhance the Effectiveness of Learning? A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Qureshi Muhammad Imran , Khan Nohman , Raza Hamad , Imran Amina , Ismail Fadillah
Published: February 2021

Abstract— Over the past decade, digitalization shapes the overall educational structure worldwide, with the attention received from practitioners, researchers, and policymakers for educational development.   Digital technologies are bringing massive changes across education, skills, and employment. These changes mirror how technology is increasingly central to education 4.0. Digital technologies are expanding beyond innovative and less traditional techniques of teaching and learning via education collaboration. However, the present study will explore the research conducted on digital technologies and education. Data is selected from the Scopus database reputed journals. The final 47 studies are chosen for the review process using PRISMA statement 2015, and bibliometric analysis is done to find the occurrence of keywords.  The findings of the study are strengthening the value of educational growth and development of high-tech skills. Education's Future focuses on digital technologies, and the traditional modes of education will be replaced entirely.
Urbanism as Myth and Ceremony
Authors: Sanz Víctor Muñoz
Published: February 2021

Between 1929 and 1935, the Bata Shoe Company planned the construction of a series of modern industrial satellite towns in Europe, Asia, and America. By 1935, however, their development was far from advanced, and their original town plans, following a modernist grid, had been replaced with new ones, based on garden city ideas. A transnational explanation of the conditions that complicated their construction and motivated changes in their design remains as a gap in the existing literature on the Bata Shoe Company. The conceptual framework of sociological institutionalism is used to study how questions of meaning and social legitimacy influenced the design and construction of Bata’s industrial towns in the 1930s. The methodology employed involved the triangulation of the study of secondary sources and research into Bata’s archives, with the analysis of how the urban form of the towns changed through time. The research reveals the institutionalization of ideas on urban planning and architecture within Bata’s structure, and the role of external legitimation in justifying their utilization or withdrawal. Finally, this article will posit that interdisciplinary readings on contemporary urban history can bring new insights into the transformation of the built environment by multinational organizations.
Laboratorio di Italiano come L2 per alunni di recente immigrazione
Authors: Gaetano Federica
Published: February 2021

L’expérience didactique décrite ici s’est déroulée pendant l’année scolaire 2017-2018 dans une école primaire de l’Istituto Comprensivo en périphérie nord-est de Rome. Avant de donner les détails de l’expérimentation, nous présentons un aperçu des statistiques concernant les élèves étrangers en Italie, qui permettent une meilleure compréhension du phénomène. Par rapport à l’expérience pédagogique réalisée, nous examinerons les méthodes, les modules d’apprentissage, les phases du curriculum et d’autres facteurs qui peuvent donner au lecteur une idée de la manière dont le laboratoire de langues fonctionne.
Apprentissage intuitif des couleurs à l’aide de la visualisation pictographique simultanée
Authors: Morisset-Dammann Christelle , Bichon Céline , Schlemminger Gérald
Published: February 2021

L’obiettivo dell’articolo è di spiegare l’apprendimento intuitivo dell’accordo degli aggettivi tramite la visualizzazione grafica simultanea e l’uso di metafore e basandoci su un approcchio sensibile e diretto. Un simile approccio permette di affrontare nozioni astratte come la riflessione sulla lingua (grammatica). Presenteremo un un primo tempo come i colori vengano introdotti ai principianti della scuola primaria. In seguito mostreremo come sia facile trasmettere la struttura linguistica dell’accordo degli aggettivi designanti i colori all’interno del gruppo nominale grazie ad una tabella e ad una metafora propria del metodo Carta-Parola-Disegno.
Al confine tra l’italiano e le altre lingue: esperienze e riflessioni di un’operatrice culturale all’estero in contesto migratorio
Authors: Caldognetto Maria Luisa
Published: February 2021

À partir d’une réflexion générale sur les frontières géographiques et culturelles auxquelles se mesure la langue (italienne en l’occurrence) en contexte migratoire, cette contribution se propose d’aborder certains aspects spécifiques de la réalité qui caractérise l’émigration ultra-centenaire des Italiens au Luxembourg. Pendant le long (et pas toujours facile) processus d’intégration, la langue et la culture d’origine ont joué un rôle primordial, qui a donné impulsion au développement de capacités d’interaction et d’échange face à la société d’accueil. En résulte une prise de conscience qui voit jaillir de nombreuses initiatives culturelles, marquées par l’esprit de partage, où la vitalité de la langue réussit même à nourrir sa propre littérature, minoritaire certes, mais avec une visibilité et une persistance tenace au cours des dernières cinquante années. Un parcours qui se poursuit encore aujourd’hui, lorsque les enjeux de la globalisation ouvrent des perspectives inédites qui restent encore en grande partie à explorer.
Modifications corporelles dans l’art contemporain occidental actuel : une certaine transgression
Authors: Souladié Catherine
Published: February 2021

Il s’agit ici de présenter une exaltation de la tragédie à travers des modes artistiques exprimant la passion et l’ivresse d’un corps ultime. Certains artistes corporels sismographes inscrivent un corps nouvellement lisible et signifiant par la pratique performative de tatouages, piercings, implants, maquillages ou travestissements : par et au nom du corps, l’artiste allemand Albrecht Becker annonce, le Performer américain Ron Athey dévie, ou le hacker du corps français Lukas Zpira manifeste. Le corps devient un lieu de débats où chacun pourrait reprendre la place dans la nature qu’il aurait perdue, et ce sous la forme qu’il souhaite.
Philologie, histoire du livre, ecdotique : le texte des Essais et son édition critique
Authors: Balsamo Jean
Published: February 2021

La philologie n’est pas une approche critique et un usage des Essais parmi d’autres ; elle est, avec l’ecdotique, à la base de toutes les approches critiques et de toutes les interprétations que l’on peut en proposer. La première établit le meilleur texte : non pas la reconstruction d’un texte idéal, mais l’édition d’un texte réel, porteur d’autorité ; la seconde le donne à lire en une forme moderne et à le comprendre dans toute sa complexité à l’aide d’un appareil critique. L’histoire de l’édition savante des Essais a été confondue avec celle du débat entre les tenants respectifs de l’édition posthume (1595) et de l’exemplaire de Bordeaux. La véritable question philologique porte en réalité sur la nature des deux textes ; la question ecdotique, sur la manière de les éditer de façon rigoureuse.
Niche-Mediated Integrin Signaling Supports Steady-State Hematopoiesis in the Spleen
Authors: Mehatre Shubham Haribhau , Roy Irene Mariam , Biswas Atreyi , Prit Devila , Schouteden Sarah , Huelsken Joerg , Verfaillie Catherine M. , Khurana Satish
Published: February 2021

Outside-in integrin signaling regulates cell fate decisions in a variety of cell types, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Our earlier published studies showed that interruption of periostin (POSTN) and integrin-αv (ITGAV) interaction induces faster proliferation in HSCs with developmental stage–dependent functional effects. In this study, we examined the role of POSTN–ITGAV axis in lymphohematopoietic activity in spleen that hosts a rare population of HSCs, the functional regulation of which is not clearly known. Vav-iCre–mediated deletion of Itgav in the hematopoietic system led to higher proliferation rates, resulting in increased frequency of primitive HSCs in the adult spleen. However, in vitro CFU-C assays demonstrated a poorer differentiation potential following Itgav deletion. This also led to a decrease in the white pulp area with a significant decline in the B cell numbers. Systemic deletion of its ligand, POSTN, phenocopied the effects noted in Vav-Itgav−/− mice. Histological examination of Postn-deficient spleen also showed an increase in the spleen trabecular areas. Importantly, these are the myofibroblasts of the trabecular and capsular areas that expressed high levels of POSTN within the spleen tissue. In addition, vascular smooth muscle cells also expressed POSTN. Through CFU-S12 assays, we showed that hematopoietic support potential of stroma in Postn-deficient splenic hematopoietic niche was defective. Overall, we demonstrate that POSTN–ITGAV interaction plays an important role in spleen lymphohematopoiesis.
Analysis of the energy consumption of a rotary harrow
Authors: Raparelli Terenziano , Ivanov Alexandre , Pepe Giuseppe , Eula Gabriella
Published: February 2021

This paper describes the development and study of a finite element numerical model (FEM) of a rotary harrow. A proper use of a rotary harrow depends on its geometry and its operating parameters, such as drag speed and angular speed. The aim of this work is to develop a rotary harrow model in the ANSYS environment in order to analyse and optimize its geometric parameters. After validating the model through a comparison with some experimental data, it was used to analyse the forces exchanged between the tines and the soil as a function of drag speed, angular speed and working depth. Different tine orientations and three different types of terrain were considered.
Metformin - its anti-cancer effects in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Podhorecka Monika
Published: February 2021

The main anti-diabetic effect of metformin mediated through stimulation of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis and triggering glucose uptake in skeletal muscles. Additionally, some new pathways, besides the AMPK activation, were discovered, that can explain wide-range properties of metformin. All these properties are now attracting the attention of researchers in the fields other than diabetes and the drug has been reported to have anti-cancer, immunoregulatory and anti-aging effects. Among others, the beneficial effects of metformin in hematological disorders like leukemias, lymphomas, and multiple myeloma were reported. Despite a great progress in therapy, these diseases are still incurable in most cases. Thus, there is an urgent need to discover novel, less toxic and more effective drugs especially for older or chemotherapy-resistant patients. In this review article, the current findings on the anti-cancer effect of metformin together with underlying possible mechanisms in blood cancers are discussed. However. to evaluate precisely these promising effects of metformin, more studies are required, because many of the published results are preclinical.
Internal derangement of temporomandibular joint
Authors: Arab khalid , Alfaqeeh Faisal A. , Danino Michel Alain
Published: February 2021

Introduction:

Umbrella shaped Perforated Screws (UPS) were developed for the use of orthopedic surgery to facilitate anchoring and fixation of the tissue to bone. We here present a retrospective study of Temporomandibular joint Internal derangement (ID) with fixation using this type of screws.

Materials & Methods:

We conducted a retrospective study including patients treated for ID using UPS to reposition the articular disc. The study included patients treated between 1998 and 2005. Patients were selected in concordance with clinical symptoms and signs of severity. All patients had an MRI (open/closed mouth) to confirm the diagnosis. Wilkes classification of temporomandibular disease (TMD) was adopted in the selection criteria.

Results:

Hundred and five patients were included, 92 female and 13 males with average age of 37.56. Dentists or general physicians mainly addressed these patients to our unit. The mean time from symptoms initiating to first consultation was 3.77 years, while the mean timing of surgery after initial consultation was 9.38 months. Patients have presented with various symptoms before the surgery including pain, limitation in eating habits and clicking. 77% of the patients had no or minimal pain post surgery. Hundred and one patients had good eating habits after surgery. Only 34 patients had persistent clicking despite surgery. We had neither infection nor hematoma as complication. Major complication to this technique is frontal paresis (14 patients), which was explained to all patients preoperatively. This paresis recovered in less than 2 months in all patients. We had 89.5% of the patients satisfied with their results.

Conclusion:

UPS are useful in the field of plastic surgery. This novel technique has the advantage of not compromising the vascular supply of the TMJ articular surface. This technique provides a simple, fast and efficient technique for posterior aponeurosis flap fixation. Our overall satisfactory rate was comparable to other studies.
Comparison of two screening instruments to detect dementia in Indian elderly subjects in a clinical setting
Authors: Tak Pinki , Rohilla Jitendra , Jhanwar Shubham
Published: February 2021

Objective:

Cognitive screening in elderly patients receiving treatment for chronic medical conditions in a busy outpatient clinical setting is crucial to detect dementia at an earlier stage. Although Hindi Mini-Mental State Examination (HMSE) is an established screening tool for the geriatric population in India, but cannot be administered with the informant. Our study aims to compare two screening instruments, Informant based - Eight-item Interview to Differentiate Aging and Dementia (AD8) and HMSE among elderly patients attending medical outpatient service (OPD) in a tertiary care hospital.

Method:

A total of 776 subjects aged ≥65 years and receiving treatment from medicine OPD in a tertiary care hospital were screened for dementia using AD8 and HMSE. The clinical diagnosis was established after detailed clinical assessment using ICD-10 criterion. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for both screening tools and ROC curves were plotted considering ICD-10 diagnosis as the gold standard.

Results:

Comparison of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that HMSE (AUC = 0.77) were better than AD8 (AUC = 0.61) in detecting dementia. Although increasing the cut-off value of AD8 from a recommended score of ≥2 to ≥3 improved sensitivity from 35% to 48.9%, high false-positive rate limited its utility as a cognitive screening tool.

Conclusion:

Although AD8 is easy to use and quickly administered with either patient or informant, it does not seem to be a suitable cognitive screening test for Indian elderly with chronic medical disorders. HMSE at a cut-off score of ≤23 is able to find out dementia among geriatric patients in a busy medical setting.