bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Encyklopedia doby średniopolskiej jako gatunek w formie kolekcji
Authors: Szczaus Agnieszka
Published: September 2020

The aim of the article is a genological analysis of the oldest Polish-language encyclopedia, i.e. Informacyja matematyczna [Mathematical information] by Wojciech Bystrzonowski (first edition 1743). It is a continuous text divided into chapters devoted to various fields of knowledge included in the groups of topics that deal with theoretical and practical problems. This conception of text influenced its genre diversity: theoretical parts were overpowered by genres serving an informative function (e. g. description, list, index), but sometimes also a persuasive function (e. g. a treaty, a matter), while the practical parts included genres fulfilling a predominantly directive function (e. g. military regulations, instructions). The genres combining informative and ludic functions were also marginally present (e. g. Latin-language mnemotechnical poems woven into the text). Such extreme internal diversity of genres had several reasons: a) high diversity of topics, b) reference to silva rerum literary formula developed in the Baroque period, c) reference to and benefit from dozens of different studies conducted by Polish and Latin-language authors. Based on the example of selected parts of the text (e. g. descriptions), it was proved that we can observe in Bystrzonowski’s compendium a development process of a new genre, i.e. an encyclopedic entry.
Najnowszy stereotyp Ukraińca w środowisku studentów poznańskich i lubelskich
Authors: Fyłypec Olga
Published: September 2020

The article analyses the contemporary image of a Ukrainian in the linguistic picture of the world as perceived by students from Poznan and Lublin. Based on the results of the questionnaire with the geographical factor, the article distinguishes the “naive” cognitive definitions, methods of categorisation, traits of a typical Ukrainian and their aspect, which all differ depending on the geographical location of the two cities. The article analyses which subjects, according to students from different regions of Poland, are characteristic of a Ukrainian and how the geographical factor influences their dominance in the light of different aspects.
Hybrid force/position control for quasi continuum manipulators
Authors: Müller Daniel , Veil Carina , Sawodny Oliver
Published: September 2020

The inherent compliant and safe structure of fluid driven continuum manipulators makes them a promising solution for various tasks. Despite their cheap production costs these robots have yet not found their way into industrial applications. This is due to the lack of precise models as well as control strategies which are both open fields of research.

A basic industrial task is to control the force the manipulator exerts at its tool center point on a given object. In this work we present a hybrid force/position controller (HFPC) for the Bionic Soft Arm (BSA). It is assumed that contact is only established at the tool center point where the contact force can be measured. Further, we show how to extend the basic HFPC approach in order to overcome model inaccuracies. Experimental results are provided for the BSA where the HFPC is incorporated into an existing structure.
gammasyn – eine Toolbox zur robusten Polbereichsvorgabe mittels beschränkter Optimierung und Straffunktionen
Authors: Vogt Patrick , Lenz Eric , Konigorski Ulrich
Published: September 2020

Zum Entwurf robuster, strukturbeschränkter Ausgangsrückführungen existieren bereits einige frei verfügbare oder in weitverbreiteten Programmen enthaltene Werkzeuge, die vor allem auf dem

H

∞

{\mathcal{H}_{\infty }}

-Ansatz zum Entwurf von Regelungen basieren, jedoch ist die Anzahl frei verfügbarer Werkzeuge überschaubar und es existieren keine freien Werkzeuge zur Polbereichsvorgabe. Aus diesem Grund wird im vorliegenden Beitrag ein Werkzeug namens gammasyn vorgestellt, mit dem über einen Multimodellansatz strukturbeschränkte Ausgangsrückführungen robust mittels Polbereichsvorgabe entworfen werden können. Die Toolbox verwendet den in [9] vorgeschlagenen Straffunktionsansatz sowie beschränkte Optimierung und es werden einige Erweiterungen dieses Ansatzes sowie der Funktionsumfang der Toolbox beschrieben.
Synthesis, characterization and properties of phthalonitrile-etherified resole resin
Authors: Zhang Dayong , Liu Xiaohui , Bai Xuefeng , Zhang Yinyin , Wang Gang , Zhao Ying , Li Xin , Zhu Jinhua , Rong Liping , Mi Changhong
Published: September 2020

A new type of phthalonitrile-etherified resole resin (PNR) was synthesized from resole resin and 4-nitrophthalonitrile. The differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the curing temperature of PNR is lower than that of phthalonitrile resin. Excellent thermal stability and bonding properties were obtained after curing at 220°C. TGA showed that in air, the temperature of 5% weight loss (T
5%) of the cured PNR was 446°C, approximately 41°C higher than that of resole resin (RS), and the char yield at 800°C increased from 4% for RS to 33% for PNR. The shear strengths of PNR at room temperature and high temperature were increased by 8% and 133%, respectively, over those of RS, and after aging at 350°C for 2 h, these values were increased by 262% and 198%, respectively, over those of RS. Its excellent curing behavior, heat resistance and high bonding strength show that PNR can be used as a high temperature-resistant adhesive.
Compression and Shear Strength Characteristics of Unsaturated Intact Loess in True Triaxial Tests
Authors: Fang Jinjin , Feng Yixin , Li Zhen
Published: September 2020

Previous studies of shear behavior from suction-controlled direct shear tests or triaxial tests focused mainly on remolded soils. Limited attention has been paid to suction measuring on unsaturated intact soil. In this paper, two series of saturated drained tests and unsaturated constant water content (CW) tests containing isotropic consolidation and shear tests with different intermediate principal stress parameters b were conducted to investigate deformation and shear strength characteristics of intact loess using unsaturated true triaxial apparatus. The initial suction decreases with an increase in initial degree of saturation. The void ratio decreases with an increase in suction and net mean stress. The isotropic compression yield stress increases as initial suction increases. The suction after isotropic consolidation is less than the initial suction. The shear strength increases with an increase in b-value, net confining pressure, and suction. The failure state line on the effective stress p’–q’ plane of Schrefler is approximately a straight line passing the origin at different intermediate principal stresses. The effective stress–strength failure surfaces on the π plane are similar in shape and can be approximated by the spatially mobilized plane (SMP) strength criterion. When the initial suction is constant, the cohesion increases with an increase in b-value and increases linearly with an increase in initial suction at different b-values. The influence of initial suction (i.e., water content) on the internal friction angle is very small, and the internal friction angle decreases linearly with an increase in b-value. There is a nonlinear phenomenon between shear strength and suction. The equation expressions of cohesion, initial suction, and b-value, and internal friction angle and b-value are obtained.
CRISpy-Pop: A Web Tool for Designing CRISPR/Cas9-Driven Genetic Modifications in Diverse Populations
Authors: Stoneman Hayley R , Wrobel Russell L , Place Michael , Graham Michael , Krause David J , De Chiara Matteo , Liti Gianni , Schacherer Joseph , Landick Robert , Gasch Audrey P , Sato Trey K , Hittinger Chris Todd
Published: September 2020

CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful tool for editing genomes, but design decisions are generally made with respect to a single reference genome. With population genomic data becoming available for an increasing number of model organisms, researchers are interested in manipulating multiple strains and lines. CRISpy-pop is a web application that generates and filters guide RNA sequences for CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for diverse yeast and bacterial strains. The current implementation designs and predicts the activity of guide RNAs against more than 1000 Saccharomyces cerevisiae genomes, including 167 strains frequently used in bioenergy research. Zymomonas mobilis, an increasingly popular bacterial bioenergy research model, is also supported. CRISpy-pop is available as a web application (https://CRISpy-pop.glbrc.org/) with an intuitive graphical user interface. CRISpy-pop also cross-references the human genome to allow users to avoid the selection of guide RNAs with potential biosafety concerns. Additionally, CRISpy-pop predicts the strain coverage of each guide RNA within the supported strain sets, which aids in functional population genetic studies. Finally, we validate how CRISpy-pop can accurately predict the activity of guide RNAs across strains using population genomic data.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN BAHAN AJAR KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PADA MAHASISWA BIPA TINGKAT DASAR DI IAIN SURAKARTA
Authors: Hasanah Dian Uswatun , Kurniasih Dwi , Agustina Tiya
Published: September 2020

Abstract: This study aims to explain the application of reading skills teaching materials to BIPA students at IAIN Surakarta. In addition, this study will also explain the analysis of the needs of teaching materials for foreign student reading skills at IAIN Surakarta. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative, which is a method that tries to describe the object in a real and real way. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation and distributing questionnaires to parties involved in learning reading skills at the BIPA IAIN Surakarta institute. The results of this study indicate that learning Indonesian for foreign speakers at IAIN Surakarta applies teaching material from the Center for Strategic and Diplomacy Development (PPSDK) namely Indonesian Friends, and still retains its Islamic characteristics by providing Islamic values to foreign students. Analysis of teaching material requirements on reading skills at BIPA IAIN Basic level Surakata are classified as follows, age, national origin, final education, prospective profession, language mastered, ability to speak Indonesian. In addition, the analysis of teaching material needs on reading skills includes several aspects, namely, aspects of material content, presentation aspects, and language aspects.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplanasikan penerapan bahan ajar keterampilan membaca pada mahasiswa BIPA di IAIN Surakarta. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga akan menjelaskan analisis kebutuhan bahan ajar keterampilan membaca mahasiswa Asing di IAIN Surakarta. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, yakni metode yang mencoba menjelaskan objek secara nyata dan apa adanya. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan menyebarkan angket kepada pihak yang terlibat dalam pembelajaran keterampilan membaca di lembaga BIPA IAIN Surakarta. Hasil dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia bagi penutur Asing di IAIN Surakarta menerapkan bahan ajar dari Pusat Pengembangan Strategi dan Diplomasi Kebahasaan (PPSDK) yakni Sahabatku Indonesia, dan tetap mempertahankan ciri khas keislamannya dengan memberikan nilai-nilai keislaman kepada mahasiswa Asing. Analisis kebutuhan bahan ajar pada keterampilan membaca di BIPA IAIN Surakata tingkat dasar diklasifikasikan sebagai berikut, usia, asal negara, pendidikan terakhir, calon profesi, bahasa yang dikuasai, kemampuan berbahasa Indonesia. Selain itu analisis kebutuhan bahan ajar pada keterampilan membaca meliputi beberapa aspek yaitu, aspek isi materi, aspek penyajian, dan aspek bahasa.
KONTRIBUSI PENGETAHUAN PARAGRAF TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS ARGUMENTASI MAHASISWA
Authors: Azkiya Hidayati , Isnanda Romi
Published: September 2020

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to know the contribution of paragraph knowledge to the skill of argument writing. Because at this time it appears that knowledge of the writing or paragraph less attention in writing. Though good writing is also seen from the writing or knowledge of paragraphs are good as well. While in the skill of argumentation writing, the student still difficulties in giving opinion or opinion of phenomenon that happened and actual moment at this time. This research method using descriptive correlational design. The population of this study are students of Indonesian Education Studies Program BP 20016/2017 which amounted to 30 people. Based on the result of research that the average knowledge of paragraph is 32,25. And the contribution of paragraph knowledge to argumentation writing skills is 12%. So it can be concluded that the knowledge of paragraphs affect the skill of writing argumentation of students of Bung Hatta University School of Education, but the knowledge of the paragraph is very less that seen from the average class.Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kontribusi pengetahuan paragraf terhadap keterampilan menulis argumentasi. Karena pada saat ini terlihat bahwa pengetahuan terhadap tata tulis atau paragraf kurang diperhatikan dalam menulis. Padahal tulisan yang baik itu juga dilihat dari tata tulis atau pengetahuan terhadap paragraf yang baik pula. Sedangkan pada keterampilan menulis argumentasi, mahasiswa masih kesulitan dalam memberikan opini atau pendapat fenomena yang terjadi dan teraktual pada saat sekarang ini. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan deskriptif korelasional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia BP 20016/2017 yang berjumlah 30 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa rata-rata pengetahuan paragraf adalah 32,25. Serta kontribusi pengetahuan paragraf terhadap keterampilan menulis argumentasi sebesar 12%. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan paragraf berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan menulis argumentasi mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia Universitas Bung Hatta, akan tetapi pengetahuan terhadap paragraf sangat kurang yang dilihat dari rata-rata kelas.
PENERAPAN E-LEARNING PADA SEKOLAH LUAR BIASA (SLB)
Authors: Khikmawati Devi Kurnia , Astuti Tina Indri , Novitasari Any
Published: September 2020

Abstract: Research on the application of e-learning in Extraordinary Schools (SLB) aims to increase the motivation and interest in learning for blind children. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods. A qualitative approach is an approach that is used to obtain data in more depth so that it can be used to develop theories and describe the reality and complexity of the phenomenon under study. The results of this study are the effectiveness of the application of e-learning in the form of a speech dictionary that is tailored to the needs of blind children. Novelty or novelty in this study is the application of e-learning for blind children. E-Learning has been applied to special schools and public schools, but its application is less adapted to the needs of Children with Special Needs (ABK). This research resulted in a novelty in the form of the application of e-learning tailored to the needs of special needs children, especially for blind children Abstrak: Penelitian mengenai penerapan e-learning pada Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB) ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan minat belajar anak tunanetra. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Pendekatan kualitatif yaitu suatu pendekatan yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data secara lebih mendalam sehingga dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan teori dan mendeskripsikan realitas serta kompleksitas fenomena yang diteliti. Hasil dari penelitian adalah keefektifan penerapan e-learning berupa kamus bicara yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan anak tuna netra. Novelty atau kebaruan dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan e-learning bagi anak tuna netra. E-Learning sudah diterapkan pada sekolah luar biasa maupun sekolah umum, namun penerapannya kurang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK). Penelitian ini menghasilkan kebaruan berupa penerapan e-learning yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan ABK, khususnya bagi anak tunanetra.
PELAFALAN DAN PENGENALAN KOSAKATA PADA PEMELAJAR BIPA DI DALAM TES KEMAHIRAN BERBICARA
Authors: Erowati Rosida , Nurjanah Neneng
Published: September 2020

Abstract: The speaking skills of BIPA 1 learners include the ability to pronounce Indonesian phonemes accurately. The accuracy of phoneme pronunciation is not only intended for fluency in speaking, but so that students are able to distinguish the meaning of words. By utilizing a qualitative descriptive approach, this study aims to describe the pronunciation of BIPA learners in Egypt in a speaking ability test. This pronunciation description indicates the ability of BIPA learners to recognize vocabulary, the meaning of words, as well as the difficulty of pronunciation in tests of speaking ability. The results of this study indicate that beginner BIPA learners in Egypt have difficulty at the phonological level, namely the phonetic articulation of consonant sounds / b /, / p /, / ŋ /, / ɲ /, / k /, / ʔ / and consistently having difficulty to map sound / b / to / p /. In addition, it tends to double the sound / ŋ / with / ɡ /, also avoiding the sound / ɲ /.Abstrak: Kemahiran berbicara pemelajar BIPA 1 mencakup kemampuan melafalkan fonem bahasa Indonesia dengan jitu. Ketepatan pelafalan fonem tidak semata ditujukan untuk kelancaran berbicara, namun agar pemelajar mampu membedakan makna kata. Dengan memanfaatkan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pelafalan pemelajar BIPA di Mesir dalam tes kemampuan berbicara.  Deskripsi pelafalan ini mengindikasikan kemampuan pemelajar BIPA dalam mengenali kosakata, makna kata-kata, serta kesulitan pelafalan dalam tes kemampuan berbicara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemelajar BIPA pemula di Mesir memiliki kesulitan pada level fonologis, yaitu pada artikulasi fonetik pada bunyi konsonan /b/, /p/, /ŋ/, /ɲ/, /k/, /ʔ/ dan secara konsisten kesulitan untuk memetakan bunyi /b/ ke /p/. Selain itu, cenderung menggandakan bunyi /ŋ/ dengan /ɡ/, juga menghindari bunyi /ɲ/.
Analisis Nilai Fraksi β Dari Film Tipis Polimer Komposit PVDF/Fe3O4 Terhadap Konsentrasi Fe3O4
Authors: Anindita Gizelda Larasati , Hartono Ambran , Rizaldy Ryan
Published: September 2020

AbstrakFilm tipis telah dibuat dengan mengompositkan PVDF yang berperan sebagai matriks dan Fe3O4 yang menjadi pengisi dengan menggunakan metode celup sederhana. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengujian XRD setiap sampel dengan 4 variasi konsentrasi 2%, 4%, dan 6% dari Fe3O4 untuk diketahui pengaruh konsentrasi Fe3O4 terhadap nilai fraksi
Evaluasi Implementasi Algoritma Machine Learning K-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) pada Data Spektroskopi Gamma Resolusi Rendah
Authors: Fajri Muhammad Sholih , Septian Nizar , Sanjaya Edy
Published: September 2020

Abstrak Pada artikel ini kami mengevaluasi bagaimana implementasi algoritma machine learning k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) pada data spektroskopi gamma beresolusi rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana performa kNN dalam mempelajari data tersebut. Kami melakukan berbagai variasi, yaitu: jumlah data training, jumlah data tes, jenis metric, dan nilai k untuk memperoleh performa terbaik dari algoritma ini. Data spektroskopi gamma diambil menggunakan sintilator NaI(Tl) Leybold Didactic dengan resolusi energi sebesar 10.9 keV per channel. Hasil variasi menunjukkan bahwa algoritma kNN memberikan hasil prediksi klasifikasi radioisotop yang sangat fluktuatif.  Abstract In this paper we evaluate the implementation of a machine learning algorithm namely k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) on low resolution gamma spectroscopy data. The aim is to provide the information of how well the algorithm performs on learning the data. We did the variation of number of training and test data, type of metric used, and values of k in order to see the best performance of the algorithm. The gamma spectroscopy data were taken using NaI(Tl) scintillator made by Leybold Didactic with resolution of 10.9 keV per channel. The variations show that the kNN algorithm produce significantly fluctuating accuracy to the prediction of radioisotope class.
Estimating the Cost of Car Warranty in Indonesia using the Gertsbakh-Kordonsky Method
Authors: Sagitarisman Anggis , Mutaqin Aceng Komarudin
Published: September 2020

AbstractCar manufacturers in Indonesia need to determine reasonable warranty costs that do not burden companies or consumers. Several statistical approaches have been developed to analyze warranty costs. One of them is the Gertsbakh-Kordonsky method which reduces the two-dimensional warranty problem to one dimensional. In this research, we apply the Gertsbakh-Kordonsky method to estimate the warranty cost for car type A in XYZ company. The one-dimensional data will be tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov to determine its distribution and the parameter of distribution will be estimated using the maximum likelihood method. There are three approaches to estimate the parameter of the distribution. The difference between these three approaches is in the calculation of mileage for units that do not claim within the warranty period. In the application, we use claim data for the car type A. The data exploration indicates the failure of car type A is mostly due to the age of the vehicle. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov shows that the most appropriate distribution for the claim data is the three-parameter Weibull. Meanwhile, the estimated using the Gertsbakh-Kordonsky method shows that the warranty costs for car type A are around 3.54% from the selling price of this car unit without warranty i.e. around Rp. 4,248,000 per unit.Keywords: warranty costs; the Gertsbakh-Kordonsky method; maximum likelihood estimation; Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.                                   AbstrakPerusahaan produsen mobil di Indonesia perlu menentukan biaya garansi yang bersifat wajar tidak memberatkan perusahaan maupun konsumen. Beberapa pendekatan statistik telah dikembangkan untuk menganalisis biaya garansi. Salah satunya adalah metode Gertsbakh-Kordonsky yang mereduksi masalah garansi dua dimensi menjadi satu dimensi. Pada penelitian ini, metode Gertsbakh-Kordonsky akan digunakan untuk mengestimasi biaya garansi untuk mobil tipe A pada perusahaan XYZ. Data satu dimensi hasil reduksi diuji kecocokan distribusinya menggunakan uji kecocokan Kolmogorov-Smirnov dan taksiran parameter distribusinya menggunakan metode penaksir kemungkinan maksimum. Ada tiga pendekatan yang digunakan untuk menaksir parameter distribusi. Perbedaan dari ketiga pendekatan tersebut terletak pada perhitungan jarak tempuh untuk unit yang tidak melakukan klaim dalam periode garansi. Sebagai bahan aplikasi, kami menggunakan data klaim unit mobil tipe A. Hasil eksplorasi data menunjukkan bahwa kegagalan mobil tipe A lebih banyak disebabkan karena faktor usia kendaraan. Hasil uji kecocokan distribusi untuk data hasil reduksi menunjukkan bahwa distribusi yang cocok adalah distribusi Weibull 3-parameter. Sementara itu, hasil perhitungan taksiran biaya garansi menunjukan bahwa taksiran biaya garansi untuk unit mobil tipe A sekitar 3,54% dari harga jual unit mobil tipe A tanpa garansi, atau sekitar Rp. 4.248.000,- per unit.Kata Kunci: biaya garansi; metode Gertsbakh-Kordonsky; penaksiran kemungkinan maksimum; uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov.
An Odd-Even Sum Labeling of Jellyfish and Mushroom Graphs
Authors: Nurhakim Rusdan
Published: September 2020

AbstractA graph G(V,E) with p vertices and q edges called graph odd-even sum if there exists an injective function f from V to {+ 1, +2, +3, ..., +(2p-1)} such that induced a bijection f*(uv)=f(u)+f(v) as label of edge and u,v element of V forms the set {2,4,...,2q}, and f is called odd-even sum labeling. There are three criteria of graphs that can be labeled by this labeling, they are undirected, no loops, and finite for every edges and vertex. Jellyfish J(m,n) graph and Mushroom Mr(m) graph have the criteria. So in this paper will be showed that the Jellyfish and Mushroom graphs can be labeled by this labeling.Keywords: odd-even sum graph; odd-even sum labeling; Jellyfish and mushroom graphs. AbstrakGraf G(V,E) dengan banyak titik p dan sisi q dikatakan graf jumlah ganjil-genap jika terdapat suatu fungsi injetif f dari V ke {+ 1, +2, +3, ..., +(2p-1)} sehingga bijektif f*(uv)=f(u)+f(v) merupakan label sisi dengan u,v anggota dari V membentuk himpunan bilangan {2,4,...,2q}, dengan f merupakan pelabelan jumlah ganjil-genap. Kriteria graf yang dapat dilabeli oleh pelabelan jumlah ganjil-genap ada tiga, yaitu graf yang tidak berarah, tidak memiliki loop, dan terhingga, baik secara sisi maupun titik. Graf Jellyfish J(m,n) dan Mushroom Mr(m) memenuhi ketiga kriteria tersebut. Pada tulisan ini akan ditunjukkan bahwa kedua graf tersebut dapat dilabeli dengan pelabelan jumlah ganjil-genap.Keywords: graf jumlah ganjil-genap; pelabelan jumlah ganjil-genap; graf Jellyfish dan graf Mushroom.
Evaluation of Ginger Oleoresin in Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Ravinder Khatri  , Kashish Bhardwaj  , Akshay Sharma  , Srijana Tamang  , Kiran  , Umesh Chettri  , Arvind Sharma
Published: September 2020

The present study evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of ginger oleoresin against Carbontetrachloride induced liver toxic damage in rats. Rats were divided into six groups. Hepatotoxicity was induced by the administration of a single intraperitoneal dose (2ml/kg) of Carbontetrachloride in experimental rats. Post-treatment with Ginger oleoresin at 300 and 600mg/kg dose given by oral routewas carried out to find their protective effectsagainst carbontetrachloride induced hepatic injury. Biochemical parameterfor oxidative stress, inflammation and lipid profile along with genotoxicity and histological changes in rat serum and liver were studied. Silymarin was used as standard hepatoprotective agent. Extracted oleoresin dose dependently provided hepatoprotective effects.The hepatoprotective action of ginger oleoresin may be related to its free radical scavenging,anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic activity and concluded to be partly mediated by its active constituent’s 6-gingerol, shogaol and zingerone. -phospate; CCl3 *, Trichloromethyl free radical; CCl3 OO*, Trichloromethyl peroxy radical; ROS, Reactive oxygen species; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; NO, Nitric oxide, VLDL, Very low density lipoprotein.
Cruz-Badiano Codex and the Importance of the Mexican Medicinal Plants
Authors:   Instituto de Física, Circuito de la Investigación Científica Ciudad Universitaria CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Chavarría A. , Espinosa G ,   Instituto de Física, Circuito de la Investigación Científica Ciudad Universitaria CP 04510 Ciudad de México
Published: September 2020

The plants have been used by human beings since thousands years ago as natural curative products. Ancestral populations from China, Egypt, India, and México, among others, were cultures that found the curative effects of different plants. A very invaluable document is the Cruz-Badiano codex. This codex was written in 1552 as a present to the King of Spain, the codex deals with herbolary and traditional Mexican medicinal plants. The main goal of this work is to show the importance of the Cruz-Badiano codex which is based on the native and traditional medicinal Mexican plants used to cure in the ancient times. A brief historical overview of the Cruz-Badiano codex, his origin and the round trip between México-Spain-México is described. Some of the beautiful handmade illustrations of Mexican medicinal plants are shown. And a brief review of plants that have been subject of pharmacological studies is given.
COVID-19 in 17 Italian Pediatric Emergency Departments
Authors: Parri Niccolò , Lenge Matteo , Cantoni Barbara , Arrighini Alberto , Romanengo Marta , Urbino Antonio , Da Dalt Liviana , Verdoni Lucio , Giacchero Roberta , Lanari Marcello , Musolino Anna Maria , Biban Paolo , La Fauci Giovanna , Pilotto Chiara , Buonsenso Danilo , Chiossi Massimo , Agostiniani Rino , Plebani Anna , Zampogna Stefania , Barbieri Maria Antonietta , De Masi Salvatore , Agostoni Carlo , Masi Stefano ,   ON BEHALF OF THE CONFIDENCE RESEARCH GROUP
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND:

Variability in presentation of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a challenge in emergency departments (EDs) in terms of early recognition, which has an effect on disease control and prevention. We describe a cohort of 170 children with COVID-19 and differences with the published cohorts.

METHODS:

Retrospective chart reviews on children (0–18 years) evaluated in 17 Italian pediatric EDs.

RESULTS:

In our cohort (median age of 45 months; interquartile range of 4 months–10.7 years), we found a high number of patients <1 year with COVID-19 disease. The exposure happened mainly (59%) outside family clusters; 22% had comorbidities. Children were more frequently asymptomatic (17%) or with mild diseases (63%). Common symptoms were cough (43%) and difficulty feeding (35%). Chest computed tomography, chest radiograph, and point-of-care lung ultrasound were used in 2%, 36%, and 8% of cases, respectively. Forty-three percent of patients were admitted because of their clinical conditions. The minimal use of computed tomography and chest radiograph may have led to a reduced identification of moderate cases, which may have been clinically classified as mild cases.

CONCLUSIONS:

Italian children evaluated in the ED infrequently have notable disease symptoms. For pediatrics, COVID-19 may have rare but serious and life-threatening presentations but, in the majority of cases, represents an organizational burden for the ED. These data should not lower the attention to and preparedness for COVID-19 disease because children may represent a source of viral transmission. A clinically driven classification, instead of a radiologic, could be more valuable in predicting patient needs and better allocating resources.
Socio-economic views of P. B. Struve (to the 150th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Stozhko Dmitrii K.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. In 2020 marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of P. B. Struve, an outstanding Russian scientist, economist and philosopher, public and political figure. The aim of the study is to evaluate the scientific contribution of P. B. Struve to the development of Russian socio-economic thought, taking into account the existing new social reality. Materials and Methods. The study used the methods of analysis, synthesis, generalizations and axiology, as well as historical and retrospective, historical and genetic and hermeneutical methods of studying problematic issues in the history of economic science. The study is based on primary sources: the economic works of P. B. Struve himself and his contemporaries. Results. Among the most significant political and economic ideas of P. B. Struve, the scientific concepts formulated by him of the “state-master” and “human fitness” are highlighted. The differences between P. B. Struve and V. I. Lenin in understanding the nature and nature of land rent are shown. The scientist’s contribution to the development of price theory and pricing issues is revealed. The conclusion is drawn on the political and economic essence and content of the socio-economic views of P. B. Struve as an ideology of economic humanism. Discussion and Conclusion. Domestic and foreign studies of the views of P. B. Struve of the second half of the 20th and the first decades of the 21st centuries are noted. The assessment of the concept of macroeconomic (price) equilibrium by P. B. Struve in comparison with similar ideas of A. Marshall, A. Pareto, L. Walras, J. R. Hicks is given. The main stages in the evolution of the socio-economic views of P. B. Struve are highlighted.
Amphibians and reptiles from Lawachara National Park in Bangladesh
Authors: Hakim Jonathan , Trageser Scott J. , Ghose Animesh , Rashid Sheikh Muhammad Abdur , Rahman Shahriar Caesar
Published: September 2020

An annotated inventory of the herpetofauna of Lawachara National Park in Bangladesh is presented, based primarily on original field observations recorded during a six-year survey of the park. A total of 71 species are reported, including 19 Anura, one Apoda, two Chelonii, and 49 Squamata. The course of the survey revealed 16 range extensions including 11 new country records for Bangladesh. Eight of the 16 range extensions including six of the 11 country records are reported here for the first time. Deleted from previous Lawachara National Park checklists are 23 species that had been erroneously reported due to misidentification, a species split, or the subsumption of the species within another taxa.
PROSES PENCIPTAAN ALAM DALAM TEORI EMANASI IBNU SINA
Authors: Aini Nurul
Published: September 2020

AbstrakProses penciptaan alam semesta merukan misteri bagi manusia. Beragam teori telah dicoba dihadirkan untuk menjawab persoalan itu. Namun penjelasan-penjelasan yang ada oleh sains, telah mengabaikan dimensi non-material dalam penjelasannya. Dalam hal inilah para filsuf Muslim, terkhusus Ibnu Sina, telah berhasil membuat penjelasan dua dimensi itu (material dan non-material). Berdasarkan hal itulah penulis merumuskan penelitian tentang Proses Penciptaan Alam Dalam Teori Emanasi Ibnu Sina. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada metode analitis-deskriptif yang didasarkan pada penelitian pustaka. Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah: Pertama, teori emanasi Ibnu Sina adalah dari ta’aqqul Tuhan terhadap dirinya memancarkan akal Pertama, dari akal Pertama memancar akal kedua dan langit pertama  begitu selanjutnya sampai akal kesepuluh dan bumi. Kedua, dari akal kesepuluh inilah memancar kembali yang menghasilkan empat unsur yaitu: Api, air, tanah dan udara. Ketiga, konsep wajib al wujud menjadi bukti adanya Tuhan dan mungkin al-wujud bi zatihi atau wajib al-wujud bi ghairihi adalah menjadi bukti adanya alam jagad raya.
EKSISTENSI MANUSIA DALAM REPRESI PERADABAN MODERN (Studi Kritis Terhadap Pemikiran Herbert Marcuse)
Authors: Rosmiati Ai
Published: September 2020

AbstrakKemajuan teknologi seharusnya menjanjikan kemudahan-kemudahan bagi manusia. Sehingga manusia mempunyai waktu yang banyak untuk mendapatkan kebebasannya. Namun kenyataan itu hanya terlahir dalam mimpi. Ketika teknologi secara terang-terangan mengawinkan kekuasaannya dengan sistem politik, secara sah telah melahirkan penindasan yang tak terkendalikan terhadap kebebasan manusia. Manusia digiring masuk dalam dunia ‘entah berantah’ yang terjauh dari dunia eksistensinya, dan seketika menegaskan dirinya sebagai ‘mayat-mayat’ hidup yang harus berkerumun dalam sebuah sistem penindasan. Pada posisi ini, Herbert Marcuse sebagai seorang pemikir yang mencoba membedah problem eksistensi manusia dalam sebuah analisis yang lebih mendalam, memulai pembongkaran sistem penindasan ini dengan beranjak dari dunia alam bawah sadar manusia yang telah terepresi. Marcuse menempatkan problem represi manusia dalam kacamata yang berbeda. Marcuse melihat bahwa represi pada batasnya, dibutuhkan dalam menyokong terbentuknya sebuah peradaban yang sehat. Namun, ketika represi dipergunakan sebagai sebuah situasi yang melebih-lebihkan represi (surplus respesi) demi suatu kepentingan kelompok, maka akan menimbulkan sebuah penindasan manusia. Kenyataan tersebut, telah melahirkan sebuah ketertarikan yang mendalam terhadap pemikiran Herbert Marcuse dan menggiring penulis untuk melacak kembali problem eksistensi manusia dalam peradaban modern yang telah melahirkan sebuah sistem penindasan. Dalam analisisnya yang membedah persoalan represi manusia dengan beranjak dari alam bawah sadar manusia, Marcuse menyimpulkan bahwa manusia mampu membebaskan dirinya hanya melalui perubahan yang mendalam terhadap sifat represi teknologi dan industri modern, sehingga sifat represifnya tidak lagi memperbudak manusia. Terlepas dari karakter utopis yang terlihat dalam pemikirannya, secara umum pemikirannya telah memberikan analisis yang tajam yang bisa dibaca ulang sebagai dasar kerangka yang lebih kokoh dalam usaha mewujudkan pergerakan peradaban yang lebih baik.
PANDANGAN SYED MUHAMMAD NAQUIB AL-ATTAS TENTANG ISLAMISASI ILMU
Authors: Muttaqien Ghazi Abdullah
Published: September 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menyelidiki gagasan Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan kontemporer dalam pandangan Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. Metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan filsafat dipilih untuk penelitian ini. Dengan menafsirkan berbagai sumber, disimpulkan bahwa sejak awal kelahirannya, wacana Islamisasi ilmu telah menarik perhatian para ulama dan sebagian cendekiawan di dunia untuk membahasnya. Mereka yang terlibat dalam maudhu '(wacana) islamisasi ilmu, biasanya memperdebatkan pentingnya islamisasi ilmu mengingat suatu ilmu memiliki nilai yang sarat dengan apa yang diklaimnya, salah satu penyebabnya suatu ilmu atau ilmu pengetahuan disusupi oleh Pandangan dunia Barat yaitu sudut pandang sekuler, filosofi hidup mereka, serta nilai-nilai ideologi Barat yang pasti bertentangan dengan ajaran dan nilai Islam pula. Menurut penilaian mereka, ilmu yang berkembang saat ini sudah tidak bermanfaat lagi bagi umat manusia. Justru yang telah menyebabkan kehancuran dan malapetaka umat manusia. Sebagai cendekiawan Muslim kontemporer dan juga tokoh sentral dalam ide Islamisasi ilmu, Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas dengan berani menggemakan gagasan tersebut. Bahwa oleh karena itu Islamisasi ilmu bertujuan untuk mengembalikan ilmu yang dinilai telah keluar dari kerangka aksiologisnya.
Teori Idea Plato
Authors: Haq Izul
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK Teori Idea Plato adalah sebuah pemikiran filsuf Yunani yang bernama Plato dengan teorinya yang terkenal ini menimbulkan pengaruh yang sangat besar di Dunia filsafat samapai berabad-abad sehingga muncul filsuf islam yang terpengaruh oleh Idea Plato, hal ini terjadi Karena menurut filsuf Islam Idea tidak bertentangan dengan konsep Islam, bahkan ada yang mengatakan Plato adalah seorang Nabi yang menyebarkan pemikiran agama Samawi dengan indikator bahwa idea Plato sama dengan pemikiran nabi-nabi samawi lainya. Konsep islam bisa dikatakan dengan bagaimana seorang muslim beragama islam yang didalamanya terdapat tuhan sebagai yang disembah, pengatur dunia dan Absolut kebenaran mutlak. Dilihat dari Substansinya maka Idea tidak bertentangan dengan konsep islam, idea mengatakan kebenaran mutlak adalah milik satu. Tetapi asumsi-asumsi ini juga banyak yang tidak setuju sepeti Al Ghozali, maka dari itu tulisan ini berusaha mengupas bagaimana Idea Plato ditinjau dari Konsep Islam apakah bertentangan dengan Islam atau malah memiliki konsep yang sama sehingga pendapat oarng yang mengatakan Nabi adalah sebuah kebenarana.
Toby Martin. 2015. Yodelling Boundary Riders: Country Music in Australia since the 1920s.
Authors: Rhook Natalie
Published: September 2020

Toby Martin. 2015. Yodelling Boundary Riders: Country Music in Australia since the 1920s. Melbourne: Lyrebird Press.
Matt Brennan. 2017. When Genres Collide: Down Beat, Rolling Stone, and the Struggle between Jazz and Rock.
Authors: Keogh Brent
Published: September 2020

Matt Brennan. 2017. When Genres Collide: Down Beat, Rolling Stone, and the Struggle between Jazz and Rock. New York and London: Bloomsbury.
Desafios de descolonizar conceitos teológicos
Authors: Gareca Elizabeth
Published: September 2020

pela evangelização cristã. Esta colonização-evangelização foi possível devido à linguagem, uma linguagem que nos constitui, é sobre esta mesma linguagem que buscamos por luzes para desconstruir a carga de opressão nela embutida, uma vez que está mais próxima do colonizador e de seus interesses. O artigo analisa alguns importantes conceitos teológicos e bíblicos: monoteísmo, Palavra de Deus/Bíblia, cristologia, eclesiologia, Reino de Deus, interpretação bíblica, e história de Israel; com o propósito de buscar um significado e uma interpretação libertadora e emancipatória a partir da própria terminologia teórica y linguística. Dessa forma tenta conjugar a epistemologia da descolonização1, como um esforço conjunto e interdisciplinar para visibilizar a colonialidade2 que ainda nos tece, e nos situar em nosso contexto comunitário e pessoal que insaciavelmente busca sai libertação.
Apresentação
Authors: Ventura Campusan Maria Cristiana (Tirsa) , Dietrich Luiz José
Published: September 2020

A palavra pandemia não aparece no título deste número de RIBLA.Mas isto não significa que sua temática não tenha nada a ver com disseminaçãodo SARS – cov-2, o coronavírus, ou covid-19, por quase todo o planeta.O aspecto pandêmico causado por esta zoonose, doença de animaisque se transmite aos seres humanos, certamente está relacionado com ofato de estarmos quase todos dentro de um império neoliberal, impérioeste que atingiu proporção praticamente planetária.
Reflexões sobre o amor na vida e obra de Edgar Morin
Authors: Roldão Flávia Diniz , Antunes de Sá Ricardo
Published: September 2020

O presente ensaio pretende de forma preliminar tecer e entretecer uma leitura acerca de como a ideia de amor está inscrita na vida e na obra de Edgar Morin. O caminho foi percorrido por entre as seguintes obras: Morin (1997/2005), (2009/2012). É possível perceber que o autor revela e desvela sua concepção de amor pela vida, pela pessoa amada, pelo conhecimento, pela humanidade numa perspectiva fiel ao Caminho intelectual, pessoal e profissional que desenvolveu ao longo de seus 98 anos de existência.
Reconfigurations existentielles chez Paul Tillich et Paul Ricoeur
Authors: De Bourqueney Elizabeth
Published: September 2020

Deux penseurs,  à la frontière de la philosophie et de la théologie, Paul Tillich et Paul Ricoeur, ont  affronté, et réinterprété des épreuves de leur existence, dans des textes de différentes natures, autobiographiques, philosophiques, systématiques. Paul  Tillich a recours à la métaphore de la frontière et Ricœur parle  du « vendredi saint « ou du samedi saint » pour évoquer deux événements différents.
Weak thought, democracy and religion. A decolonial approach
Authors: Pieper Frederico
Published: September 2020

Vattimo, Christianity and democracy.
Ricœur face à morte: a atitude agnóstica e as suas ramificações na obra póstuma Vivo até à Morte
Authors: Dentz René Armand
Published: September 2020

Aquilo que surge quando Hamlet se encontra face à morte, é uma questão. A formulação pode até mudar mas, quando o homem se encontra cara a cara com a morte, a disposição de questionamento é quase uma constante. E como poderia esse questionamento não se encontrar na articulação entre, por um lado, uma experiência íntima e pessoal de vida e, por outro, uma especulação sobre noções muito mais gerais, como o que está para lá da morte, ou a própria morte – ou, ainda, a sobrevivência? Essa articulação convida-nos a refletir sobre o uso da vida, sobre as formas de viver ou, ainda, sobre a questão da fé religiosa. Foi isso o que se passou com Ricœur: a sua obra Vivo até à Morte[1], deixada inédita por causa do desaparecimento de Ricœur e que, por isso, só foi publicada após a sua morte, é um testemunho, graças às suas numerosas sugestões de pensamento, de um questionamento vivo que se manteve presente até aos últimos momentos da vida de Ricœur.[1] Ricœur (2011). De ora em diante, referimo-nos a este livro como VM.
O apelo, a resposta e a paradoxal visibilidade do invisível: Influxo levinasiano sobre a fenomenologia francesa
Authors: Fabri Marcelo
Published: September 2020

O artigo examina o pano de fundo levinasiano da fenomenologia francesa, notadamente a de Jean-Luc Marion e, em menor medida, a de Jean-Louis Chrétien. Procura relacionar a “visão do invisível” a uma fenomenologia do apelo e da resposta. Marion afirma que aquilo que se mostra ou se dá só pode fazê-lo na medida em que se encontra recebido por um respondente. No entanto, o apelo surge de tal modo que seria impossível traçar previamente o horizonte de sua manifestação. Mais ainda: ele se exime de todo horizonte possível. O que significa uma fenomenologia sem o conceito de horizonte? Seria ainda fenomenologia? Em todo o caso, uma fenomenologia que procura ressignificar a metafísica para além de sua subordinação à ontologia.
Elementos filosófico-religiosos em torno da compreensão de liberdade em Melanchthon a partir da literatura secundária recente
Authors: Gross Eduardo
Published: September 2020

Melanchthon, na Universidade de Wittenberg, era professor da Faculdade de Artes, e, assim, de filosofia. A sua filosofia teológica assumiu elementos do pensamento antigo e escolástico: Um pano de fundo platônico, uma psicologia aristotélica e uma retórica ciceroniana foram alguns dos elementos que caracterizaram a sua elaboração filosófica eclética importantes para se compreender sua reflexão sobre a liberdade. O artigo apresenta algumas controvérsias e os principais resultados das pesquisas dos últimos anos relativas a sua reflexão filosófica sobre o âmbito da religião e a liberdade humana.
Antihypertensive therapy: controlling the processes of replicative cell senescence
Authors: Dudinskaya E. N. , Machekhina L. V. , Eruslanova K. A. , Dogotar O. A. , Ryltseva L. P. , Lyzlova N. Yu. , Shchepin N. A. , Kotovskaya Yu. V. , Tkacheva O. N.
Published: September 2020

The review includes data over the past 20 years on the mechanisms of the influence of hypertension and related interdependent conditions, such as insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress on the vascular ageing. The review also discusses modern concepts of the interaction of biological and vascular aging, as well as possible ways of their reversal. The central indicators of biological aging in this review are telomere length and telomerase activity. The article discusses antihypertensive therapy as a possible way to slow down both vascular and biological aging, and describes the results of modern studies on the effect of various antihypertensives, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, sartans and others, on the telomeres.
His bundle pacing: a new look at the method
Authors: Prikhodko N. A. , Lyubimtseva T. A. , Gureev S. V. , Lebedeva V. K. , Lebedev D. S.
Published: September 2020

His bundle pacing (HBP) implements physiological impulse propagation along the cardiac conduction system and can serve as an analogue of both right ventricular and biventricular pacing. This review highlights clinical anatomy issues related to HBP; the technique of lead implantation in the His position is considered. We also describe the electrophysiological basis of HBP, possibilities of lead extraction, indications for implantation, and prospects for further development of the technique. HBP is a promising direction in cardiology, which in the future may fundamentally change the algorithms for managing patients with heart failure and conduction disorders.
Fundamental and practical aspects of coronary artery calcification
Authors: Barbarash O. L. , Kashtalap V. V. , Shibanova I. A. , Kokov A. N.
Published: September 2020

The review article summarizes the results of studies on the pathogenesis, as well as the clinical and prognostic role of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in coronary artery disease. The modern views of cardiologists, surgeons and general practitioners on the comorbidities manifested by CCA are presented. The modern ideas on the relationship between atherogenesis, CCA and bone resorption are described; groups of informative biological markers reflecting the severity of process are identified. Modern diagnostic methods for the detection and study of CCA are highlighted, their advantages and limitations are indicated. The effect of atherosclerosis treatment on coronary calcification and osteopenia are discussed. Further prospects and lines of research in this area are presented.