bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reading Novels, Reading Networks: Mark Z. Danielewski’s The Familiar, Social Media, and the Digital Literary Sphere
Authors: Panko Julia
Published: August 2021

This article examines the theme of social networks in Mark Z. Danielewski’s serial novel The Familiar, as well as the social networks involved in the work’s reception, as a means of assessing the contemporary novel’s imbrication in social networks and social media. It contributes to critical discussions about The Familiar—and to broader conversations about the novel in the social media age—on two fronts. First, it analyzes Danielewski’s diegetic social networks. I argue that, in The Familiar, the planetary social is largely represented as a source of anxiety, as the existential threat of violence is amplified and perpetuated through social media. Yet the novel also explores how social networks offer the potential for resistance and protection from such violence. Second, the article describes how Danielewski’s real-world socially networked communities have impacted the interpretation of his writing. The analysis centers on the Facebook “Reading Club” dedicated to The Familiar and on the online discussion, conducted through WordPress, wherein students and faculty at multiple universities blogged about The Familiar, Volume 1. The WordPress discussion pushes the classroom into the blogosphere, troubling distinctions among academic interpretation, social networking, and public discourse. The Facebook group harnesses the conventions of both social media and book clubs, demonstrating how academic-adjacent interpretation may flourish in contexts not typified by such reading. At stake is a more nuanced understanding of the power and potential violence of communities constituted through social media; of the novel’s ability to represent and theorize such communities; and of the ways that reading communities’ emergence across social media has problematized longstanding conceptualizations of contemporary reading culture as characterized by a series of divisions (such as that between amateur and professional readers).
Danielewski's The Familiar and the Concept of the Bibliotrope
Authors: Davis Brian
Published: August 2021

Introducing the concept of the bibliotrope, this article offers a multimodal retooling of Mikhail Bakhtin’s concept of the chronotope that seeks to incorporate the entire expressive apparatus of the multimodal novel into its framework. Whereas the conventional notion of the chronotope is defined by the ways temporal and spatial indices come together as an expressive unity to demarcate the physical parameters and generic functions and other recurrent elements in works of fiction, the bibliotrope incorporates the ways in which combinations of recurrent and highly stylized visual and textual configurations represent physical and social environments as well as the thoughts and actions of characters. The concept is applied to Mark Z. Danielewski’s The Familiar, which I take to be an exemplary bibliotropic text. I frame my analysis of bibliotropes in Danielewski’s pentalogy within the broader context of Danielewski’s signature multimodal poetics, highlighting some of its most salient features, and provide a case study of the character Isandòrno’s bibliotrope. I conclude by outlining some potential research questions for further analysis of bibliotropes in The Familiar and beyond.
Pressure Pain Threshold Values Obtained Through Algometers
Authors:   , Trueba-Perdomo J. H.
Published: August 2021

A review of the scientific literature on pressure pain obtained through algometers is carried out. A comparison of the pain pressure thresholds (PPT) obtained or considered within the analyzed studies was performed. The primary outcome of this work is the collection of these PPT values concerning the body regions where the algometers applied the pressure: trapezius muscles, back muscles, upper extremities, leg muscles, foot area, and muscles of the head. Furthermore, a comparison between the results of manual and electromechanical algometers is presented. Several tables are created, which can be useful to compare future studies that adopt pressure algometers. These values can also be considered a reference to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of new algometers, either manual or electromechanical. Besides, from the information obtained, the design requirements of an electromechanical pressure algometer are presented. These requirements are defined to develop a portable instrument that is also smaller, lighter, and cheaper than the existing ones and can measure the pressure in different parts of the human body.
The Splitting Algorithm in Finite Volume Method for Numericai Solving of Navier-Stokes Equations of Viscous Incompressible Fluids
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Kovenya Viktor M. , Tarraf Daniel
Published: August 2021

For the numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations, written in an integral form, an implicit of finite-volume algorithm is proposed, which is a generalization of previously proposed differences schemes. Using the integral form of equations allowed to ensure its conservatism, and the technology of splitting — the economy of the algorithm. The numerical test of the algorithm on the exact solution, in problems about the viscosity flow in the cavern with a moving lid and the current of the heated walls of the channel, confirmed the sufficient accuracy of the algorithm and its effectiveness. The work is presented in the issue of the memory of Prof. Yu.Ya. Belov
Planejamento do Turismo no âmbito municipal: um estudo em Xambioá-TO
Authors: Cavalcante de Amorim Rafaela , Medeiros Borges Aylana Laíssa , Cardoso da Silva Rodrigo
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o processo de planejamento do município de Xambioá-TO quanto ao desenvolvimento, implementação e dinamização do turismo na localidade e na região turística Vale dos Grandes Rios. Quanto à metodologia, o estudo tem caráter exploratório-descritivo e natureza qualitativa. A entrevista semiestruturada foi o meio de coleta de dados. Os resultados apontaram que existe uma iniciativa de planejamento do turismo no município de Xambioá por parte da gestão municipal, uma vez que se constatou a existência do documento “Planejamento para o desenvolvimento turístico de Xambioá”, produzido a partir de um levantamento de informações com fins de caracterizar a realidade local, tendo sido realizado pela secretaria de cultura e turismo do município.
The First Written Accounts of Pre-Hispanic Earthquakes in the Americas
Authors: Suárez Gerardo , García-Acosta Virginia
Published: August 2021

The first written evidence of earthquakes in the Americas is represented as pictograms in codices and annals drafted in the first few years after the Spanish conquest. The main source of earthquakes in pre-Hispanic times comes from the codex Telleriano-Remensis. There are 12 earthquakes reported in the Telleriano-Remensis, from 1460 to 1542. Earthquakes reported in this codex show the date of occurrence of the earthquake and other natural phenomena and social events. However, there is little information on the damage or on the precise location where the earthquakes were felt. Thus, although they represent the first written chronology of earthquakes in the Americas, little seismological information can be extracted from them. In contrast, there are other accounts written after the Spanish conquest in 1521 that report political and social events that occurred prior to the downfall of the Aztec empire. In some of these annals, there is information on the locations affected by the earthquakes and on the damage caused. In one case, these historical accounts reveal damage and ground effects that suggest the presence of a crustal earthquake near Mexico City. A second interesting earthquake is dated in 1507. The reports indicate damage and landslides near the Guerrero seismic gap, in the region occupied by the Yope culture. This earthquake appears to be a great earthquake in this part of the subduction zone where no large subduction earthquakes have occurred at least in the past 120 yr.
How does Information and Communications Technology Influence Turkish Students’ Science Achievement?
Authors: KAYA Volkan Hasan , İNCİ Sibel
Published: August 2021

This study aims to evaluate the science achievements of Turkish students based on 2018 PISA data both according to Information and Communications Technology (ICT) variables of student and school levels. With a relational research model, regression analysis was used to measure the variance factors affecting science achievement. Also, two-level Hierarchical Linear Modelling (HLM) analysis was used to add school-level analysis. According to the results, it can be said that student-level ICT variables explain approximately 20% of the total variance in science success of students. The positive determinants are ICT resources, subject-related ICT use during lessons, and perceived ICT competence. The negative determinants are the use of ICT at school in general, ICT use as social interaction, and ICT use outside of school.
Brain Health Research Day: Conference Proceedings
Authors: Saint-Georges Zacharie , Dewidar Omar
Published: August 2021

Conference proceedings prepared by the University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine for Brain Health Research Day
Pain management and bupivacaine
Authors: Gupta Anupam Nath , Nath Paras
Published: August 2021

Background: Pain is an unpleasant experience associated with tissue damage. Peripheral tissue injury results in functional disturbances in the nervous system. Modern anaesthesiologists are not only concerned about preoperative and intraoperative care of the patient but also with postoperative welfare of the patient.Methods: In present study we have compared the efficacy of injection bupivacaine 0.25% infiltration preoperatively versus postoperatively on duration of postoperative analgesia, VAS (visual analogue scale) at the onset of pain, total analgesia requirement in 24 hours. 150 patients belonging to ASA (American society of anesthesiologists) class I and II between the age of 15 and 75 who underwent lower abdominal surgeries belonging to either sex were included in the study. The patients were randomly allocated to three groups. Control group (C) received 20 ml normal saline, preoperative group (A) received 0.25% bupivacaine before incision, postoperative group (B) received 0.25% bupivacaine before closure.Results: Duration of analgesia, VAS score at the time of first request of analgesia and total doses of analgesia over 24 hours were recorded. The total analgesia requirement was reduced over 24 hours in the group B in which the infiltration was done postoperatively.Conclusions: The postoperative infiltration with 0.25% bupivacaine produces longer duration and better quality of analgesia as compared to preoperative infiltration.
An observational study of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients of drug resistance tuberculosis taking PMDT therapy in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Naik Payal P. , Pandey Arvind S. , Patel Swati S.
Published: August 2021

Background: Drug resistant tuberculosis is an important public health issue in India. The treatment regimen followed is Programmatic Management of Drug resistant Tuberculosis (PMDT) approach. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a serious issue which increases the risk of defaulter rate if poorly managed. Thus study was undertaken to assess the ADRs caused by PMDT therapy in indoor patients of Department of Respiratory Medicine in a tertiary care hospital at Surat.Methods: The prospective and observational study was carried out for one year period. The causality was determined by World Health Organization (WHO) Uppasala Monitoring Centre (UMC) scale and severity was determined by Modified Hartwig and Siegel scale. Fisher exact test was applied for statistical analysis.Results: Among 24 drug resistant tuberculosis patients, 12 (50%) patients developed ADRs due to second line antitubercular drugs. Occurrence of ADRs was more among Category V (100%) as compared to Category IV (36.8%). Occurrence of ADRs was more among females (60%). The commonly involved systems are auditory system (33.3%). Majority of ADRs developed within 61-90 days (66.7%) of initiation of drug therapy. Highest percentage of ADRs causing drugs was pyrazinamide (27.8%). On evaluation of the causality of ADRs, majority were found to be possible (53.3%). The severity assessment showed that most of the patients ADRs were of moderate level (73.3%).Conclusions: PMDT therapy is complicated but early management and reporting of ADRs decreases default rate.
Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of bacterial respiratory tract infections of lambs
Authors: Ural Mehmet Nihat
Published: August 2021

Respiratory tract infections, which are common in sheep farming, involve interactions between the host's immune system, pathogenic microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, parasites and environmental conditions. Respiratory diseases can affect sheep of any age and breed. However, acute bacterial and viral pneumonia is most common in those aged three to twelve months due to decreased maternal antibody titers. Although lower respiratory tract infections initially started as a condition caused by a single agent, many cases progress to a complex disease involving both bacterial and viral components, making the diagnosis of the disease complicated by the emergence of secondary infections. Although the inflammatory reaction that occurs in respiratory infections is part of the normal healing process, an extreme reaction can impair healing and severely damage the airways. It is optimal to limit the inflammatory reaction by removing the harmful agent, isolating the damaged tissue, and controlling this tissue. In cases of death due to acute pneumonia, antibiotic drugs are used to prevent further deaths and to treat the herd. It has been found that NSAIDs reduce the release of toxic peroxide which causes the proliferation of fibroblasts and the deposition of collagen in inflammatory processes associated with the respiratory tract. It had been reported that clinical findings improve more rapidly when NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) were used together with antibiotics in respiratory system infections. In this review, the importance of using NSAIDs in the respiratory tract infections of sheep has been mentioned.
Cord blood and peripheral nucleated red blood cells levels in term asphyxiated and non-asphyxiated new borns and neonatal outcome: a comparative study
Authors: Chauhan Mukul , Jaipal Munna Lal , Bisht Surender Singh , Tyagi Amita
Published: August 2021

Background: Perinatal asphyxia can cause severe hypoxic-ischemic damages in the organs and causes severe long-term consequences. It has recently been suggested that the increase in NRBC count in the umbilical vein of newborns can be considered a sign of birth asphyxia. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of cord blood nucleated RBC count as a marker for presence and severity of birth asphyxia.Methods: This prospective observational comparative study was conducted among 30 asphyxiated (case) and 30 non-asphyxiated newborns (control) in Swami Dayanand Hospital. Number of nucleated red blood cells in cord blood and peripheral blood were counted per 100 leukocytes in smears in cases and control. Maternal parameters and neonate characteristics were recorded in a proforma.Results: NRBC count increased in cord blood during the first few hours of life in perinatal asphyxia (10.79±9.58) as compared with the healthy control subjects (4.03±2.87, p=0.002). Significant positive correlation of C-NRBC and P-NRBC with NICU stay (r=0.921, p<0.0001 and r=0.698, p<0.0001 respectively). Nucleated RBC count more than 18 can be used as predictor of abnormal neurological outcome with sensitivity 100% and specificity of 93.1%. The cord blood NRBC >3/100 WBC has sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 77.8% in predicting birth asphyxia.Conclusions: Nucleated RBC count can be used as surrogate marker for birth asphyxia. It has significant positive correlation with severity of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, duration of NICU stay and duration of O2 requirement.
Small steps towards bigger goals: A study of demography and outcome of paediatric cancers in a peripheral resource limited paediatric oncology centre
Authors: Bafna Vibha S. , Bartakke Sandeep P. , Sampagar Abhilasha A. , Bafna Tanvi A. , Patel Putun K. , Aung Nay , Gupta Priya N. , Mahankar Parag W.
Published: August 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the demography, clinical profile and outcome of pediatric cancer cases from a peripheral resource limited center.Methods: We retrospectively analysed demography, clinical details and outcomes of 227 cases of paediatric cancer up to nineteen years of age, from August 2009 to May 2019. Their status of treatment was categorised as completed, ongoing, abandoned and expired. We generated Kaplan-Meier curves (KM) and calculated three-year event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS).Results: Out of 227 children, 139 (61.2%) were boys and the rest were girls. Maximum number of children 108 (47.6%) were aged zero to four years. The socioeconomic status of 70 patients using the Kuppuswammy scale showed that 55 patients (78.57%) belonged to a lower socio-economic stratum. The commonest malignancy was leukaemia 119(52.4%) followed by solid tumours constituting 84 (37%) patients, of which 25 (11.01%) were renal tumours. Out of total 227 patients, 107 (47.13%) have completed treatment, 45 (19.8%) were on treatment, 24 (10.6%) have abandoned and 51 (22.5%) had expired. The median duration of follow up was 18 months. The three-year EFS and OS were 71.9% and 74.8% respectively for the entire COHORT, 74.4% and 75.5% for ALL (Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia), 38.4% and 46.1% for AML (Acute Myeloid Leukemia) and 74.3% and 76.6% for solid tumours. Among solid tumours, three-year EFS and OS was of renal tumours 86.9% and of neuroblastoma was 77.7%.Conclusions: We achieved outcomes similar to those from well-established Indian single institute studies. The survival of our paediatric cancer patients can be improved with collaborative effort and establishment of new centres in the periphery.
Exposure and use of digital media among under-five children
Authors: Babusabgari Shajeeda , Balakrishna Bhavani Bangarkodi
Published: August 2021

Background: The use of digital media, such as television, smart phones, tablets, iPod has become a significant part of children’s lives. Children's exposure to digital media is increasing, as are concerns about the impact that screen time has on children and families. The study evaluates the exposure and use of digital media among under five children.Methods: The study was conducted among mothers of under-five children attending Paediatric outpatient department of a hospital. The sample included 150 mothers of under-five children. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on selected demographic variables. A modified rating scale was used to elicit data regarding the exposure and use of digital media among under-five children.Results: Around half of children were exposed to smartphones between 1-2 years of age. During infancy around forty percent of children were exposed to smart phones. More than half the mothers used mobile devices while doing household chores. A higher proportion of under five children had increased screen time and large proportion (65.3%) of under-five children had high levels of exposure to digital media.Conclusions: A significant number of under five children were using the digital media and screen time exposure exceeded than that of recommended limit.
Domestic injuries among infancy: a prospective descriptive study
Authors: Gupta Ravinder K. , Gupta Ritu , Bhadwal Abhai S. , Sharma Vikas
Published: August 2021

Background: Injuries in the form of accidents are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of different types and modes injuries among the infants.Methods:A prospective study data from two hundred infants who visited the pediatric OPD in a private pediatric clinic following injury was recorded. A pre-structured questionnaire was provided to the parents. Health education was imparted to the parents regarding prevention of such injuries.Results: Among 200 infants under study, most of the infants were between 8-12 months. Fall being the most common type of injury and it was mostly due to walkers.  The most common site of injury was the forehead.Conclusions:Structural modifications are required to be made in the home along with parent education by pediatrician, by doing this most of the injuries can be prevented.
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in infant temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Roy Ananya , Biswas Dhiraj Chandra
Published: August 2021

Since the end of December 2019, corona virus disease (COVID-19) has spread globally. Though the majority of COVID-19 cases in pediatric age group have not been critical, a novel disease named as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) have been emerging as the pandemic progresses. A systemic review of the literature was performed in the principle medical databases including Pubmed, Embase and Google Scholar between December 2019 and March 2021. A total of 40 articles were identified in the described database. Altogether 12 articles met the inclusion criteria and were eligible. The critical and severe case were more in infant age group, also the number of hospitalization was more in infant age group than other pediatric age groups. A number of case reports reflected that infants with COVID-19 positive may present with shock and sepsis. The mean age of MIS-C COVID-19 positive children was 1.1 year emphasizing the vulnerability of infant age group to this novel disease MIS-C. MIS-C is a new type of presentation of COVID-19 infection. Special emphasis should be given in infant age group with COVID-19 who are vulnerable to develop MIS-C.
Neonatal aspergillus endocarditis: case report and review of literature
Authors: Roy Amrita , Mukhopadhyay Debadatta , Mukherjee Tamashis , Chaudhuri Kaustabh
Published: August 2021

Neonatal fungal endocarditis (FE) remains a rare condition associated with prematurity. It often puts us in diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma as there are no specific guidelines. We described our successful journey with a 26 days old neonate with aspergillus endocarditis responding to multidisciplinary approach with surgical resection and intravenous antifungals.
Multiple laser puncture for Reinke’s edema: surgical outcome and voice assessment
Authors: Alswaiheb Jameel N. , Motiwala Mohammed Ali , Su Chih-Ying
Published: August 2021

Background: The two important principles in Reinke’s edema treatment are minimal intervention and superficial resection with evacuation the edema and preservation the medial edge of the vocal fold to improve the voice quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate a novel surgical technique in treatment of Reinke’s edema and its effect on subjective and quantitative voice characteristics. The study design was a prospective clinical series.

Methods: We evaluated 67 patients from 19 to 73 years (mean, 47.7 years) with Reinke’s edema. The patients were divided into 3 types, mild, moderate and sever. Clinical voice assessment was composed of stroboscopy, subjective voice evaluation (GRBAS hoarseness scale) and quantitative voice evaluation were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. All patients underwent endolaryngeal CO2 laser puncturing for treatment of Reinke’s edema.

Results: 67 patients diagnosed as Reinke’s edema were classified by H. Yonekawa classification into three types. Type I 25 (37.3%) patients, type II 30 (44.8%), type III 12 (17.9%). Out of 67 patients, fifty two (77.6%) were smoker. In all the patients, the laryngostrobscopic findings showed an improvement of mucosal wave patterns with little vocal fold scaring. Significant vocal improvement was also noted in subjective and objective voice assessments.

Conclusions: The laser puncture technique is safe, effective and less invasive to treat Reinke’s edema with significant improvement in vocal performance after surgery.
A child’s mysterious ear
Authors: Shetti Preeti , Gupta Shivani , Debnath Paramita
Published: August 2021

Foreign body in ear is an emergency encountered by an otolaryngologist and if not removed it can lead to serious complications. Most commonly foreign body in ear is lodged in external auditory canal while it’s rare to find it in middle ear. We report a case of foreign body in the middle ear in a 3-year-old child who presented to us with chronic discharging ear who was then suspected to be unsafe ear and so was taken up for exploration under microscope. A pink polypoidal mass arising from middle ear mucosa was found and following its removal- to our surprise; a blackish rubbery debris filling the middle ear cavity and attic area along with embedded foreign body was extracted. We conclude that pediatric patients with chronic ear discharge not responding to antibiotics should raise a suspicion of FB in the middle ear and explored timely.
Facial pain: a rare presenting symptom of sympathetic chain schwannoma
Authors: Singh Nivea , Meher Ravi , Wadhwa Vikram , Ali Mohamed Riyas
Published: August 2021

Schwannoma is a nerve sheath tumour that usually presents as an asymptomatic lump. We report a case where facial pain was the only symptom of the tumour. Surgical excision was done. Intraoperative findings and Horner syndrome confirmed the diagnosis of cervical sympathetic chain schwannoma. Histopathology was also consistent with the diagnosis. The patient did well postoperatively.
The varied presentation of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: a case series of 9 patients treated in single institute
Authors: Shiau Ping Lim , Barathilingam Kamalbarathi A. L. N.
Published: August 2021

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare skin tumor with an estimated incidence of 0.8 to five cases per 1 million people per year. To our surprise, we’d encountered total 9 cases of DFSP with different presentation in our hospital from November 2009-July 2019. One patient with underlying DFSP presented with intraperitoneal bleeding tumor while another 8 patients were newly diagnosed. The mean patient age at the time of diagnosis were 38.4 years. Sex distribution were male in predominance. The anatomical location of tumor varied. Majority presented clinically with slow growing mass on skin/subcutaneous tissue, one tumor grew on a preceding scar, and 2 patients came with bleeding tumors. The median follow-up duration in this series was 23.6 months. Wide local excision was performed in 6 patients, with half of them reported to have surgical margins involved. Reconstruction of the surgical defect took place primarily in 4 patients and split skin graft in 2 patients.  Adjuvant radiotherapy was offered to 3 patients with surgical margin involved and disease recurrence. Imatinib was given to one patient with metastatic DFSP prior definitive surgery which was successful. There were no local recurrence or death due to the DFSP course at the end of the follow-up.  Final outcome was favorable. Hereby we present the 9 interesting case series.
Exceeding the limits of necessary defense and the right to arm
Authors: Mamedov Dadash
Published: August 2021

This article deals with the problem of law enforcement related to the appraisal concepts used in the Institute of Necessary Defence. In particular, it is proposed to formalize the legal limits of protection for a defender which under no circumstances would be qualified as exceeding the limits of the necessary defence. The article also considers the advantages of the free carrying of firearms by citizens as one of the condition of crime deterrence protecting against socially dangerous assaults.
The Synthesis of Christian and Ancient Cultures in the “Acts of Xanthippe and Polyxena”
Authors: Zheleznov Alexander F.
Published: August 2021

The paper analyses the early Christian novel “The Acts of Xanthippe and Polyxena”. The text is examined in the context of synchronous popular literature, analyzing the parallels found in the composition and artistic techniques of the novel. The conclusion is made about the purposeful use of entertaining literary genres techniques and the author's focus on the mass audience.
Associações entre desenvolvimento motor e sociocomunicativo de prematuros e interação mãe-bebê
Authors: Monteiro Pedro Victor Oliveira , Cardoso Anderson Braga Rodrigues , Costa Lucas Lopes da , Caldas Ivete Furtado Ribeiro , Cunha Katiane da Costa , Chermont Aurimery Gomes
Published: August 2021

Os seres humanos nascem completamente dependentes dos cuidados dos adultos para a sobrevivência. O comportamento materno é um preditor da aquisição de habilidades motoras e sociocomunicativas de prematuros. Este estudo objetivou verificar associações entre o desenvolvimento motor e sociocomunicativo de prematuros e o comportamento materno no primeiro ano de vida. Participaram do estudo oito mães e seus respectivos neonatos com idade gestacional (IG) < 36 6/7 semanas e peso ao nascer (PN) ≤ 2.500 gramas. Utilizou-se uma ficha clínica e socioeconômica, o teste de triagem do desenvolvimento Denver II (Denver II) e a escala de interação social (EIS). Trimestralmente, as sessões ocorreram, no primeiro, quarto, sétimo e décimo mês de idade corrigida. Para análise estatística, adotou-se o Statistic Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 22.0. Nossos resultados mostram associação estatisticamente significativa entre a pontuação da EIS e o desfecho do Teste de Denver II aos quatro, sete e dez meses de idade corrigida. Todas as crianças avaliadas aos quatro e sete meses apresentaram resultado normal na avaliação do desenvolvimento e suas mães tiveram pontuação “ótima”. Aos dez meses de idade corrigida, todas as crianças apresentam desfecho normal no Denver II, porém uma mãe apresentou pontuação “boa”, as demais, “ótima”. Portanto, o desenvolvimento motor e sociocomunicativo das crianças prematuras possuem associações com a qualidade dos comportamentos maternos.
Sífilis congênita e seu impacto na saúde dos recém-nascidos
Authors: Santos Alves Marina Maria , Dos Santos Cardoso Juliana Maria , Dantas Lopes Izailza Matos , Bispo Ana Jovina Barreto , Siqueira de Carvalho Israel Azevedo
Published: August 2021

Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar o impacto da sífilis congênita nos recém-nascidos na maternidade filantrópica de Aracaju, no período de outubro de 2018 a julho de 2019. Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo, transversal e descritivo, realizado a partir de um questionário elaborado pelos próprios autores e analise dos prontuários dos recém-nascido em maternidade de Aracaju. A amostra foi de 93 neonatos com sífilis congênita com boa vitalidade ao nascer. No entanto, 13% apresentaram baixo peso ao nascer e 5% foram prematuros. Dentre as alterações no exame físico, houve que 68,4% apresentaram icterícia; 10,56% desconforto respiratório; 5,26% esplenomegalia, sopro sistólico, infecção do trato urinário; 62,36% possuíram lesões ósseas compatíveis com sífilis congênita. Observou-se também que 94,7% na internação, fizeram uso de penicilina cristalina. Os dados do estudo permitiram avaliar que há grande impacto de morbidade no recém-nascido acometido por sífilis congênita e que é diretamente influenciado por falhas no pré-natal, no diagnóstico e no tratamento da gestante acometida. Este estudo pode servir de comparativo para novos estudos e fundamentar políticas públicas voltadas para a melhoria da condução dos casos de sífilis no país e reduzir o seu impacto negativo na saúde pública.
Experiência da formação de facilitadores para implantação da metodologia de dimensionamento da força de trabalho em saúde
Authors: BARTHMANN VANIA MARIA CORREA , CARMONA SILVIA APARECIDA MARIA LUTAIF DOLCI , PIOVESAN MARIA CECÍLIA BRANDT , VALLE MARIA LUIZA FONSECA DO , NASCIMENTO ELISABET PEREIRA LELO
Published: August 2021

Este estudo pretende mostrar a experiência da formação de profissionais das áreas de gestão, educação e atenção em saúde como facilitadores da implantação da metodologia do dimensionamento da força de trabalho em saúde. Relacionar teoria e prática no cotidiano de trabalho e, a partir dessa relação, formar trabalhadores para atuar no Sistema Único de Saúde sempre foi um desafio. A Formação em Saúde deve ocorrer em todos os espaços onde se desenvolve o trabalho, com o trabalhador sendo o protagonista e o usuário o centro de todo processo. Procuramos, com essa experiência na Região de Saúde 1 – Ceará, relacionar a prática do dia a dia dos profissionais e gestores com as necessidades dos usuários, para, por meio desta metodologia, refletir sobre os problemas encontrados nas cenas do cotidiano dos serviços de saúde e qualificar a assistência prestada aos usuários. O processo formativo desenvolvido por intermédio do projeto de dimensionamento vem ao encontro dessa reflexão, pois entendemos que esta metodologia é dinâmica e tem a capacidade de interagir com o cotidiano do trabalho, integrando processos como avaliação de desempenho e competências. Além disso, insere os profissionais nos princípios pedagógicos e técnicos que fundamentam e potencializam a força de trabalho, qualificando sua atuação e o processo de trabalho em saúde no SUS.
Utilização da própolis verde no efeito cicatrizante em lesão cutânea: relato de caso
Authors: Freitas Mônica Barbosa de Sousa , Nóbrega José Cândido da Silva , Melo Wyara Ferreira , Gomes Karla da Nóbrega , Nóbrega Filho Manoel Marques de Souto
Published: August 2021

O estudo tem como objetivo relatar a evolução do tratamento de feridas utilizando o extrato de própolis verde. Uma paciente do sexo feminino, 52 anos, procurou assistência médica para uma avaliação no Membro Inferior Esquerdo (MMII), uma lesão cutânea, sofrida após duas semanas do ocorrido. Orientou-se medicamentos para o processo de reparação da ferida como, um antibiótico Levofloxacino de 500mg com posologia de 12/12 e um analgésico Dievari de 900mg +100mg. Após uma segunda avaliação externa, observou-se que as feridas apresentavam formato assimétrico, profundas, edemaciado, com um formato numular, apresentando mialgia no membro ao deambular e ao deitar-se. A dor relatada pela paciente antes de iniciar o tratamento de 0 a 10 de acordo com a Escala Visual Analógica – EVA, foi 9, significando dor intensa. A própolis foi utilizada na lesão. Na assepsia foram utilizados luvas, gazes, soro fisiológico, sabonete antisséptico Riohex de 2% de Digliconato de Clorexidina, água oxigenada de 10 volumes de 100 ml e o extrato de própolis verde. O procedimento foi realizado durante oito dias, até obter o resultado de reparação da lesão. No relato de caso, a própolis verde durante a aplicação do protocolo, contribuiu para o processo de reparação do tecido, ocasionando a diminuição do processo inflamatório e a redução do nível de dor para 0, de acordo com a Escala Visual Analógica – EVA. É importante verificar a ação da própolis verde na ação curativa de feridas, sendo necessário estudos mais aprofundados, analisar as concentrações do extrato de própolis e outros fatores que possam garantir a ação desse produto.
Probiotics in the times of COVID-19
Authors: Jeżewska-Frąckowiak Joanna , Łubkowska Beata , Sobolewski Ireneusz , Skowron Piotr Mariusz
Published: August 2021

The time of COVID-19 pandemic focused the attention of scientist to recognise the complex medical symptoms of the disease, modes of infection and possible therapies. The organisms’ response towards SARS-CoV-2 infection depends on many individual factors and the course of disease is described as unprecedented and complex. Numerous symptoms from the respiratory system, abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract, stroke, liver damage and coagulopathy, among others, are accompanied by negative side effects of the pandemic lifestyle, including immunity depletion, overall fitness impairment, skin condition worsening, psychological and psychiatric consequences. There is an urgent need to seek all possible routes for assuring favouring conditions to build and support the organisms’ microbiological barriers and enhance immunity, which will also help during the ongoing vaccination action. Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and environmental Bacillus species are microorganisms typically found in food products or dietary supplements, but also applied on body surfaces or technological surfaces at home and in the industry. Since the contemporary definition of probiotics points to positive health effects, it is of highest importance to follow strict regulations and standards of product manufacturing, especially in the times of biohazard risks and rising public distrust of therapies.
There is an urgent need to seek all possible routes for assuring the favouring conditions to build and support the organisms' microbiological barriers and enhance the immunity, that will serve also during the ongoing vaccination action. Probiotic LAB and environmental Bacillus species are microorganisms typically found in food products or dietary supplements, but also applied on body surface or technological surfaces in household and industry. Since the contemporary definition of probiotics points out the positive health effects, it is of highest importance to follow strict regulations and standards of product manufacturing, especially in the times of biohazard and rising public distrust of therapies.
ON ENHANCING AND AUTOMATING THE COVID-19 CASE REPORTING SYSTEM IN POLAND
Authors: Hadasik Bartłomiej , Kubiczek Jakub
Published: August 2021

Purpose of the study: The paper aims to create a proposal to extend the functionality of the currently operating COVID‑19 case reporting system in Poland.

Methodology: Empirical analysis of the current COVID-19 reporting system in Poland with three axes: (1) description of the system functionalities according to official (governmental) sources; (2) listing and characterization of the current system defects causing ineffectiveness of reporting; (3) proposition of systemic alterations to reduce the level of reporting inefficiency preparation and for possible future phenomena related to the pandemic evolution.

Main Findings: The reporting system is ineffective as the systems of local medical laboratories performing coronavirus tests are not fully integrated with the central system. Data transfer to the central repository is not executed automatically but relies on manual input by a laboratory technician. Thus, the data in the system are published with a certain delay.

Applications of this study: Improving the infection reporting system may prove useful for both legislators and local health regulatory authorities. This may translate into an improved case prediction model and thus greater objectivity in the case of the introduction of new restrictions.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The dynamic course of the coronavirus pandemic made it necessary to monitor the number of cases, deaths and, above all, to find outbreaks. The IT systems reporting SARS-CoV-2 cases were developed in a quick manner and solutions were advanced on an ongoing basis. Due to numerous modifications, these systems lack operational efficiency. This study discusses how the current Polish COVID-19 case reporting system works and presents proposals for its refinements which may contribute to ameliorations in many other national systems.
Rola programu Erasmus w marketingu akademickim
Authors: Bryła Paweł
Published: August 2021

Uczestnictwo uczelni w programie Erasmus wpisuje się w koncepcję marketingu akademickiego przez doskonalenie oferty podstawowej instytucji szkolnictwa wyższego i oferowanie dodatkowych korzyści grupom interesariuszy (partnerów strategicznych). Od 1987 r. program Erasmus wspiera podnoszenie jakości kształcenia poprzez ułatwianie szkołom wyższym współpracy i wymiany doświadczeń, w której kluczowe miejsce zajmuje mobilność studentów i pracowników. Obejmuje szereg działań, z których najistotniejsze to wyjazdy i przyjazdy studentów na częściowe studia zagraniczne (od 3 do 12 miesięcy), udział studentów w zagranicznych praktykach w przedsiębiorstwach, instytucjach publicznych i pozarządowych oraz wizyty dydaktyczne wykładowców na uczelniach partnerskich. Wymienione formy współpracy realizowane są w oparciu o umowy bilateralne z uczelniami zagranicznymi. W niniejszym rozdziale przedstawiono: cele i zasady funkcjonowania programu Erasmus; wybrane dane statystyczne dotyczące implementacji tego programu ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem udziału polskich uczelni, wybrane działania podejmowane przez polskie instytucje szkolnictwa wyższego w celu promocji ich oferty za granicą; wyniki badań motywacji i satysfakcji studentów zagranicznych przyjeżdżających na wymianę Erasmusa do Polski oraz wyniki badania własnego obejmującego studentów Wydziału Studiów Międzynarodowych i Politologicznych Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, którzy uczestniczyli w ostatnich latach w częściowych studiach zagranicznych w ramach programu Erasmus.
Group Moderation Assessment Model: An Example of an Open-Ended Mathematics Exam
Authors: TAKUNYACI Mithat , AYDIN Emin
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the assessment of an open-ended mathematics exam to reveal the effects of the Group Moderation Assessment Model. The Group Moderation Assessment Model is a process in which teachers share their expectations and understanding standards with each other to improve the consistency of their students’ learning decisions. In this study, one of the non-random sampling methods, the appropriate sampling method was used. The exam papers used in our study belong to a total of 22 students studying in the 10th grade. The students’ exam papers (for three math exams) were evaluated by an assessment team of five mathematics teachers in the group moderation assessment model. The findings show that the raters were positively influenced by each other and that they formed a reliable evaluation system by making judgments. In addition, it was found that the raters scored in a consistent way with each other in the exams conducted after the group moderation assessment model workshops. In conclusion, in the workshops held during the implementation of the group moderation assessment model, it was found that the teachers’ knowledge and opinion with each other positively affected the teachers’ ability to assess exam papers.
Seroprevalence de la maladie de Newcastle chez des poulets d'élevage fermier dans la zone de savanes au sud-est du Nigeria
Authors: Orajaka L.J.E. , Adene D.F. , Anene B.M. , Onuoha E.A.
Published: August 2021

Une étude de surveillance sérologique a été conduite dans la zone sud-est du Nigeria pour obtenir des informations sur certains facteurs épidémiologiques responsables des épizooties de la maladie de Newcastle (Newcastle Disease, ND) chez les poulets d'élevages fermiers de la région. Un taux élevé de séroprévalence - une indication de la présence du virus -, 63%, a été observé chez les volailles. L'infection était largement répandue car aucune des populations de volailles n'était indemne de la maladie de Newcastle. Une activité saisonnière du virus se manifeste par une prévalence plus élevée et une activité virale plus intense (titres d'hémaggluti nation) durant la saison sèche et froide (harmattan) que durant la saison des pluies. La technique d'inhibition de l'hémagglutination à partir du jaune d'oeuf est proposée comme une technique utile pour une petite enquête ou pour des élevages commerciaux de volailles sans contraintes d'approvisionnement en oeufs. Les conséquences de ces résultats sur le contrôle de la maladie de Newcastle par la vaccination dans la région sont discutées.
Estimation des paramètres génétiques de la résistance au parasitisme gastro-intestinal en élevage villageois de petits ruminants au Sénégal
Authors: Clément V. , Bouix J. , Gueye A. , Baker R.L.
Published: August 2021

Un protocole d'étude de la résistance génétique aux strongyloses gastro-intestinales a été mis en place sur des races locales d'ovins et de caprins du Sénégal. Des prélèvements de sang et des coproscopies ont été réalisés pendant deux ans sur des animaux de différents troupeaux de la zone de Louga en climat sahélien et de la zone de Kolda en climat soudano-guinéen. L'identité des pères étant inconnue dans ce contexte d'élevage, les apparentements étudiés étaient essentiellement les relations mère-descendant. Les caractères analysés étaient la coproscopie (trois prélèvements par an) en nombre d'oeufs par gramme de fèces (Opg) et l'hématocrite (deux prélèvements par an). Dans la région de Louga, le nombre d'individus étudiés (des deux espèces) était de 377 la première année et 606 la deuxième année. Dans la zone de Kolda, l'échantillon comprenait 671 animaux la première année, 725 la deuxième année. L'héritabilité et la répétabilité ont été estimées à l'aide d'un modèle « animal », avec comme effets fixés la combinaison village*saison*année, l'âge et le stade de lactation pour les mères, la combinaison village*saison*année, l'âge et le sexe pour les jeunes. La répétabilité moyenne intra-année était de 0,19 pour le caractère nombre d'Opg et 0,27 pour l'hématocrite. Elle était plus faible entre années : 0,12 pour le nombre d'Opg et 0,21 pour l'hématocrite. L'estimation de l'héritabilité a présenté des difficultés, à cause de la structure des données villageoises qui ne permettait pas d'estimer directement l'environnement maternel et les effets troupeaux, respectivement en raison de généalogies insuffisantes et de faibles effectifs par élevage. Les estimations de l'héritabilité variaient entre 0 et 0,33 pour le nombre d'Opg et entre 0 et 0,38 pour l'hématocrite selon l'échantillon analysé et le modèle utilisé. Les corrélations génétiques entre caractères n'ont pas pu être estimées. En revanche, les corrélations phénotypiques ont été estimées entre le nombre d'Opg et l'hématocrite, ainsi qu'entre chacune de ces deux variables et le poids des jeunes. Les contraintes liées à une étude génétique en milieu traditionnel ont été discutées.
La cowdriose et l'économie de la production animale dans les fermes commerciales et traditionnelles au Zimbabwe
Authors: Chamboko T. , Mukhebi A.W. , O'Callaghan C.J. , Peter Trevor F. , Kruska R.L. , Medley G.F. , Mahan Suman M. , Perry B.D.
Published: August 2021

Afin d'évaluer l'impact économique de la cowdriose (infection par Cowdria ruminantium ) et de créer un modèle pour l'impact des vaccins améliorés contre cette maladie, une étude sur le terrain a été conduite pour fournir des données sur les indicateurs de productivité du bétail au Zimbabwe. Des études transversales ont été réalisées dans les deux principales régions agro-écologiques, lowveld et highveld, où la cowdriose est supposée être endémique stable et épidémique, respectivement. Ces études ont été conçues pour fournir des données sur la productivité et la rentabilité du bétail ( des principaux indicateurs de production dans le secteur traditionnel et commercial (pour des entreprises productrices de viande bovine, de lait, d'ovins, de caprins). Les résultats prouvent que la rentabilité des fermes commerciales de viande bovine, comme l'indiquent les marges brutes globalement positives, était identique (p > 0.05), indépendamment de la présence et de la localisation de la cowdriose. Seules les fermes laitières commerciales qui ont enregistré des cas de cowdriose ont montré une marge brute négative, bien que ce ne soit pas sensiblement différent des exploitations laitières qui n'ont pas enregistré de cowdriose ou des fermes de viande bovine. Le secteur traditionnel dans les highveld et lowveld a affiché des marges brutes positives, bien que la marge ait été significativement (p < 0.001) plus élevée dans le highveld que dans le lowveld. Cette étude indique que les pertes associées à la cowdriose sont minimales lorsque la maladie est endémique stable ou épidémique avec un contrôle efficace des tiques. De plus, la rentabilité de la production animale, dans les secteurs commercial et traditionnel, pourrait être améliorée si des méthodes plus rentables pour le contrôle des tiques et des maladies transmises par les tiques (qui représentent un des principaux coûts de production) étaient disponibles.