bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Ketahanan Energi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Sampah (PLTSa) Metode Landfill dan Thermal di Tempat Pembuangan Sampah Terpadu (TPST) Bantar Gebang
Authors: Bangun Benny Tuahta , Purba Robinson , Batih Hakimul , Stepanus Stepanus
Published: August 2023

The problem facing by city of Jakarta today is the increasing volume of waste, reaching 7,000 tons per day sent to Bantar Gebang TPST which is currently not handled properly. The purpose of this research was to analyze the application of Landfill and Thermal Waste Power Plant (PLTSa) in Bantar Gebang TPST from the perspective of Energy Security by measuring Energy Supply Security Index (ESSI) using 4 dimensions and 5 approach indicators : Availability (Indicator: Working hour per year), Accessability (Indicator: Access to technology), Affordability (Indicator: Cost of generation per kWh) and Acceptability (Indicator: Avoided CO2 Emission kg per MWh and percentage reduction in waste volume per day). Energy security analysis results are obtained: aspects of availability with working hour indicators per year: PLTSa Landfill = 0.95, PLTSa Thermal = 0.98; aspects of accessibility with ease of technology access indicators: PLTSa Landfill = 0.74, PLTSa Thermal = 0.58; affordability aspects with indicators of the cost of electricity generation: PLTSa Landfill = 0.99, PLTSa Thermal = 0.983; aspects of accessability with two indicators,  avoided (CO2) emission: PLTSa Landfill = 1.0, PLTSa Thermal = 0.14, and the percentage of waste reduction: PLTSa Landfill = 0.50, PLTSa Thermal = 0.85.
SISTEM PENGENDALIAN DAN MONITORING KUALITAS AIR TAWAR SERTA PEMBERIAN PAKAN OTOMATIS PADA BUDI DAYA IKAN NILA MENGGUNAKAN NODEMCU ESP-12F
Authors: PARULIAN DAVID , Widodo Bambang , Stepanus  , Tobing Tahan
Published: August 2023

Indonesia merupakan negara perairan yang memiliki potensi yang besar dalam bidang pembudidayaan ikan. “Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Edhy Prabowo mengatakan target produksi ikan air tawar tahun depan sebanyak 4.685.446 ton dari total perikanan budi daya secara Nasional sebesar 18.440.000 ton pada 2020. Sebanyak 4.685.446 ton adalah komoditas ikan air tawar seperti ikan mas, nila, lele, patin, dan gurami”. Hal yang penting dalam budidaya ikan adalah penyediaan pakan ikan dan pengontrolan kualitas air di dalam kolam seperti suhu dan kadar pH di air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang suatu sistem yang dapat memonitoring serta mengendalikan pH dan suhu pada kolam budidaya ikan nila merah. Pada penelitian ini sistem akan diuji untuk mendapatkan pH dan suhu pada kolam sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia yaitu kisaran 25°C sampai 32°C, dan kadar pH air kisaran 6,5 sampai 8,5 agar dapat menghasilkan kualitas air yang baik bagi ikan nila. Berdasarkan pengujian diperoleh bahwa pH air minimum adalah 7,29 dan pH air maksimal 8,65, kemudian waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk membuat pH normal kembali adalah 2,5 jam, sementara itu suhu minimal 26,5°C dan maksimal 31,2°C serta masih memenuhi standar, dan untuk pemberian pakan ikan nila adalah 40,57 gram.
SYNTHESIS AND PHOTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF NOVEL AZOQUINOLINE CONTAINING POLYMERS
Authors: SMOKAL Vitalii , KHOMENKO Dmytro , DOROSHCHUK Roman , KHARCHENKO Oksana
Published: August 2023

The development of modern technologies are constantly requires seeking new low-cost, efficient materials and establish new technical methods for application these materials. Synthesis of polymers with predicted and expected properties on the one hand and using specific features of interaction light with photoactive fragments in polymers, on the other hand, opens new prospects of application for new materials based on these polymers. The side chain methacrylic polymers with different active functional group have been well studied and widely applied in many fields, such as optoelectronics, nonlinear optics, optical storage materials, biochemicals, and medicine.

The present work focused on synthesis new azostyrylcontaining methacrylic monomers and copolymers with methylmetacrylate (MMA) based on these monomers. The pre­sent study is a first reported notice of the synthesis and photochemical properties of methacrylic polymers with 6-azo-phenylquinoline frag­ments in side chain. Moreover in this work the features of syntheses have been described in detail for monomers and polymers based on new azocompounds. Absorption spectroscopic properties for new quinoline polymers with azo fragment were investigated with UV-Vi­sible spectrophotometry in THF solutions. All studi­ed polymers show a strong absorption band in the range of 300–375 nm resulting from π-π* electronic transition and a weak absorption band in the range of 400–490 nm assigned to n-π* transitions. Electron donating and electron withdrawing substituents at quinoline moity of azo-quinoline polymer solutions lead to bathochromic shift of the π-π*absorption band which agrees well with the result of work. We found that this red-shift increases with an increase of electron donating strength of the substituent as well as with an increase of electron withdrawing strength of the substituent. Based on of the result achieved we can suppose that irradiation of polymers with azo fragment lead to photoinduced trans-cis-isomerization.

From the obtained and presented results one can conclude that novel quinoline polymers with azo fragment can be considered as promising materials for applications requiring photosensitivity in certain of range of wavelength.
LaNi9Si4: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Belan Bohdana , Pukas Svitala , Dzevenko Mariya , Manyako Mykola , Kuzhel Bohdan , Gladyshevskii Roman
Published: August 2023

The structure of LaNi9Si4 compound has been investigated by X-ray powder ans sing­le crystal method. This silicide crystalize in CeNi8.5Si4 structure type: space group I4 mcm, Pearson symbol tI56, а = 7.86415(6), с = 11.5101(1) Å, RB = 0.0653; а = 7.83933(17), с = 11.4472(5) Å, R = 0.0220, wR = 0.0734 for X-ray single crystal data. Unlike the prototype CeNi8.5Si4.5, where the Wyckoff position 4d is occupied by mixture of Ni and Si atoms, in the structure of the ternary silicide LaNi9Si4, the atoms are ordered in all Wyckoff positions. Additionally, the electrical properties for the compound were investigated. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity exhibits metal behaviour (ρ0 = 121.60 μΩ∙cm, θD = 191 K, A = 2.2·10-9 μΩ∙m∙K-3).
Transitar los intersticios: entendiendo procesos identitarios transnacionales desde el caso de una mujer inmigrante brasileña en Santiago
Authors: Da Silva Villar Ariany , Sharim Kovalskys Dariela Lea
Published: August 2023

This paper discusses the subjective identity processes produced in the transnational migration experience through the concept of interstitial identities. To illustrate the uses of this concept, a case built from life stories, in-depth interviews, and photo stories is analyzed. Thus, Maria is identified, a skilled Brazilian immigrant in Santiago de Chile, who chooses to descend from the upper to low socioeconomic class in the destination country to construct herself as the subject of her history. In addition, it reflects on the processuality of their identities and on the identity negotiations that she establishes in the interstice between different cultural configurations she relates transnationally, in which gender and class are relevant categories. Finally, it is concluded that thinking about the migratory experience from interstitial identities does not allow to build identity typologies but to explore the articulations between subject and culture in migration.
DESAIN APLIKASI ABSENSI SANTRI PONDOK ABDUL DHOHIR MENGGUNAKAN PENGENALAN WAJAH BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Ardiansyah Mochamad Dicky , Putri Anggia Dasa
Published: August 2023

The web-based face recognition application will provide convenience for students to LDII organizations or Islamic boarding school, it is possible for the students themselves to give their best in carrying out their activities. Attendance is crucial to any organization. Where participation is one of the key factors that may encourage and support any action that will take place. Operating the attendance system manually at the moment, namely utilizing manual paper. This might lead to a number of errors.and unhygienic times during the pandemic, example is the inefficiency of utilizing paper, forgetting to fill in the absences, missing paper used and using pens alternately causing the spread of the COVID-19 virus. By using Face Recognition, students only show the face to be scanned using a webcam provided by the boarding school teacher. The strategy utilized in this study is rapid application development using modeling using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). The Django web framework's tools were then used to create this application, Postgresql and Python programming. This application was built with the aim of making it easier for boarding school teacher and students.
Juno and CD9 protein network organization in oolemma of mouse oocyte
Authors: Frolikova Michaela , Sur Vishma Pratap , Novotny Ivan , Blazikova Michaela , Vondrakova Jana , Simonik Ondrej , Ded Lukas , Valaskova Eliska , Koptasikova Lenka , Benda Ales , Postlerova Pavla , Horvath Ondrej , Komrskova Katerina
Published: August 2023

Juno and CD9 protein, expressed in oolemma, are known to be essential for sperm-oocyte binding and fusion. Although evidence exists that these two proteins cooperate, their interaction has not yet been demonstrated. Here in, we present Juno and CD9 mutual localization over the surface of mouse metaphase II oocytes captured using the 3D STED super-resolution technique. The precise localization of examined proteins was identified in different compartments of oolemma such as the microvillar membrane, planar membrane between individual microvilli, and the membrane of microvilli-free region. Observed variance in localization of Juno and CD9 was confirmed by analysis of transmission and scanning electron microscopy images, which showed a significant difference in the presence of proteins between selected membrane compartments. Colocalization analysis of super-resolution images based on Pearson’s correlation coefficient supported evidence of Juno and CD9 mutual position in the oolemma, which was identified by proximity ligation assay. Importantly, the interaction between Juno and CD9 was detected by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry in HEK293T/17 transfected cell line. For better understanding of experimental data, mouse Juno and CD9 3D structure were prepared by comparative homology modelling and several protein-protein flexible sidechain dockings were performed using the ClusPro server. The dynamic state of the proteins was studied in real-time at atomic level by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Docking and MD simulation predicted Juno-CD9 interactions and stability also suggesting an interactive mechanism. Using the multiscale approach, we detected close proximity of Juno and CD9 within microvillar oolemma however, not in the planar membrane or microvilli-free region. Our findings show yet unidentified Juno and CD9 interaction within the mouse oolemma protein network prior to sperm attachment. These results suggest that a Juno and CD9 interactive network could assist in primary Juno binding to sperm Izumo1 as a prerequisite to subsequent gamete membrane fusion.
The influence mechanism of service innovation on consumer mobile sharing in the age of digital intelligence
Authors: Peng Hongxia , Xu Shuwei , Yang Mei
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Digitalization is moving closer to traditional service companies. Consumers have new behavioral characteristics, and operators need to adopt new marketing strategies.

Methods

We used CiteSpace software to analyze the literature related to customer delight in CNKI and Web of Science databases. We constructed models and research hypotheses based on theoretical studies related to customer delight and mobile sharing. The data were collected through questionnaires and the article used structural equation modeling and regression analysis to test the mediating role of customer delight and the moderating role of individual innovativeness in the theoretical model.

Results

Among the four dimensions of service innovation, only interface innovation and delivery innovation, affect consumers' mobile sharing through customer delight, and customer delight has a very significant positive impact on mobile sharing. The mediating effect of customer delight is affected by the individual innovation of consumers in the path of delivering innovation.

Discussion

In the future, catering and takeaway companies can innovate the delivery process of product information to reach consumers, and provide a personalized interface to accurately meet the different needs of customers.
A case for a quantum informed approach to health communication research
Authors: Parrish-Sprowl John , Parrish-Sprowl Susan
Published: August 2023

Foundational social science has dominated health communication research, especially in the mainstream of Western scholarship. Alternative ways of conceptualizing, including most if not all indigenous ways of thinking, have often been relegated to second class status, if regarded at all. For those who questioned prevailing wisdom in the past, the choice regarding theory and research seemed to be one of going in a more interpretive or critical direction and leaving “science” behind or staying within a framework they found wanting in many ways. Ironically, the work of such Communication scholars as Pearce, Dutta, and others, often born from interpretative and critical perspectives, is much more consonant with quantum framed science than social science as practiced. Indeed, much of the body of indigenous perspectives align with quantum theory informed science better than social science as practiced. As we move through the 21st century, it is time that communication theory and research, especially in health communication, moves to reclaim science in ways that shift us from a Newtonian understanding of the world to more a quantum paradigm. As we do so, we will likely find that many who have been on the margins can and should move their work to the mainstream, albeit with a process that synthesizes their work with quantum science. This would help us move forward in ways that not only invite more inclusion, but also create more meaningful ways of conceptualizing communication and its relationship to health.
Data-to-music sonification and user engagement
Authors: Middleton Jonathan , Hakulinen Jaakko , Tiitinen Katariina , Hella Juho , Keskinen Tuuli , Huuskonen Pertti , Culver Jeffrey , Linna Juhani , Turunen Markku , Ziat Mounia , Raisamo Roope
Published: August 2023

The process of transforming data into sounds for auditory display provides unique user experiences and new perspectives for analyzing and interpreting data. A research study for data transformation to sounds based on musical elements, called data-to-music sonification, reveals how musical characteristics can serve analytical purposes with enhanced user engagement. An existing user engagement scale has been applied to measure engagement levels in three conditions within melodic, rhythmic, and chordal contexts. This article reports findings from a user engagement study with musical traits and states the benefits and challenges of using musical characteristics in sonifications. The results can guide the design of future sonifications of multivariable data.
Source-reservoir rock assemblages and hydrocarbon accumulation models in the Middle-Lower Jurassic of eastern Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Bai Rong , Zhang Shaomin , Hong Haitao , Qin Chunyu , Li Yucong , Cai Changhong , Kong Xiangye , Li Nan , Lei Dong , Lei Xin , Wang Changyong , Jin Tao , Gao Jinliang , Tang Wenbin
Published: August 2023

The eastern Sichuan Basin in China holds vast potential for oil and gas exploration in the Lower-Middle Jurassic strata. However, the geological characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation patterns of this region remain largely unclear. During the deposition period of the Lower-Middle Jurassic strata, the eastern Sichuan is characterized by the formation of multiple sets of source, reservoir, and caprock assemblages through depositing lake-delta-fluvial deposits, which have great exploration potential. The Jurassic source rocks in eastern Sichuan are mainly developed in the Dongyuemiao Member, Da’anzhai Member, and Liangshan Formation. These source rocks have a total organic carbon (TOC) content greater than 1 and a varying range of organic matter maturity, with a Ro value of 0.8–2.0. The kerogen in these source rocks is primarily type II, with a smaller proportion being type III. A range of reservoir rocks can be found in the Jurassic strata of eastern Sichuan, with sandstone reservoirs being predominantly found in the Liangshan Formation, Shaximiao Formation, and Zhenzhuchong Member. Shale reservoirs are mostly present in the Dongyuemiao, Da’anzhai, Liangshan, and Maanshan Members, and there is a limited distribution of limestone reservoirs in the Da’anzhai Member and Dongyuemiao Formation. The arrangement of source rocks and reservoir rocks in eastern Sichuan has led to the formation of three types of reservoir-forming combinations, including lower generation and upper storage, self-generation and self-storage, and composite. Sandstone reservoirs are typically of lower generation and upper storage, shale reservoirs are primarily of self-generation and self-storage, and limestone reservoirs are mostly composite. The exploration of Jurassic oil and gas in eastern Sichuan should prioritize “layer and area selections.” The Da’anzhai, Dongyuemiao, and Liangshan shale reservoirs should be the primary exploration targets, with the semi-deep lake deposits in the syncline area being the most favorable. The degree of fracture development in the exploration area also has a significant impact on the shale oil and gas content. The Liangshan Formation and Shaximiao Formation sandstone reservoirs can serve as secondary exploration targets, with anticline areas that have better sealing conditions being more favorable. Limestone reservoirs have limited distribution, and exploration areas with high and steep fractures are relatively more advantageous.
Possible genetic relationship between Mesozoic magmatic rocks and gold mineralization in the Jiaodong Peninsula (Eastern China): constraints of magmatic evolution and physicochemical conditions
Authors: Li Jian , Dai Chang-Guo , Wang Chang-Wei , Song Ming-Chun , Wang Chang-Jiang , Li Shi-Yong , Wang Run-Sheng , Shi Hong-Jiang , Xu Kai-Lei , Wang Ping
Published: August 2023

The Jiaodong Peninsula is China’s largest gold province and the third largest in the world. Although gold mineralization is associated with Mesozoic granites temporally and spatially, the specific genetic association remains unclear, leading to ambiguity regarding the genetic type of gold deposits. To address this issue, we conducted whole-rock major and trace elements, LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb geochronology and trace elements geochemical analyses on the Linglong (Linglong suite), Yashan, and Nansu (Weideshan suite) plutons, and compiled contemporaneous magmatic rock data. Our results show that the granites were emplaced at 161 ± 2, 118 ± 1, and 121 ± 2 Ma, respectively. Geochemically, these rocks exhibit high Al2O3 (12.73–14.10 wt%) content and Sr/Y (35.54–136.50) ratio, and low Y (3.26–11.20 ppm) and Yb (0.33–0.97 ppm) contents, indicating the adakitic rock properties. They were formed through partial melting of the thickened lower crust associated with subduction of the paleo-Pacific Plate. The Early Cretaceous granites contain a large amount of mafic microgranular enclaves, indicating the presence of mantle material mixing in the source area. Zircon trace elements show that the pre-mineralization magma (Linglong) had relatively low oxygen fugacity and temperature (ΔFMQ = −2.5 to +1.9, T-Ti in zircon (mean) = 740°C) compared to the mineralization magma (ΔFMQ = +0.5 to +3.9, T-Ti in zircon (mean) = 755°C). The physicochemical conditions in the pre-mineralization magma source area may be favorable for sulfide accumulation (may including gold). During the Early Cretaceous, North China Craton decratonization reached its climax, and a large number of adakitic crust-mantle mixed oxidized magma upwells, allowing for the migration and mineralization of a large amount of sulfides and gold. This model helps explain the transient, explosive, and genetic categories in Jiaodong gold deposits.
Evolution of residual strain and strain energy in rocks under various types of uniaxial cyclic loading-unloading
Authors: Liu Zhixi , Liu Xiaodie
Published: August 2023

In the process of roadway excavation, the rock mass around the roadway is often subjected to cyclic loads, and the rock mechanical properties and strain energy evolution under cyclic loads are obviously different from those under compression, so it is urgent to carry out research on rock mechanical properties and strain energy evolution under cyclic loads. This study aims to investigate the evolution of residual strain and strain energy in rocks under uniaxial cyclic loading-unloading experiments (UCLUE). Four types of rocks, namely coal, white sandstone, red sandstone, and granite, were subjected to uniaxial compression experiments (UCE) and various uniaxial cyclic loading-unloading experiments (UEACLUE). The findings are as follows: analysis of UEACLUE revealed a gradual decrease in residual strain with an increasing number of cycles, leading to its eventual disappearance. However, if the cyclic loading-unloading (CLU) was continued beyond this point, the rocks displayed a reappearance of residual strain. The number of cycles required to eliminate residual strain was found to be inversely proportional to the peak strength of the rocks, while directly proportional to the upper limit value of UCLUE. Among the different stages of the uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading test, the plastic stage of white sandstone exhibited the largest disparity in dissipated strain energy, followed by the plastic stage of red sandstone, with coal displaying the smallest difference. Analysis of dissipated strain energy in the four types of uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading tests revealed differences of 0.00348 mJ▪mm−3, 0.03488 mJ▪mm−3, 0.02763 mJ▪mm−3, and 0.01619 mJ▪mm−3 in the plastic stage for the respective rock types. Furthermore, examination of the input strain energy density (ISED) and dissipated strain energy density (DSED) during the CLU process showed a linear relationship between these variables. Additionally, the investigation of ISED and DSED in other types of UCLUE demonstrated adherence to the cyclic-linear dissipation law (CLDL). The study of mechanical properties and strain energy evolution under CLU is of positive significance for the development of rock fatigue damage and rock damage mechanics.
MIR31HG, a potential lncRNA in human cancers and non-cancers
Authors: Ruan Luxi , Lei Jing , Yuan Yihang , Li Huizi , Yang Hui , Wang Jinyan , Zhang Quanan
Published: August 2023

Long non-coding RNAs have recently attracted considerable attention due to their aberrant expression in human diseases. LncMIR31HG is a novel lncRNA that is abnormally expressed in multiple diseases and implicated in various stages of disease progression. A large proportion of recent studies have indicated that MIR31HG has biological functions by triggering various signalling pathways in the pathogenesis of human diseases, especially cancers. More importantly, the abnormal expression of MIR31HG makes it a potential biomarker in diagnosis and prognosis, as well as a promising target for treatments. This review aims to systematically summarize the gene polymorphism, expression profiles, biological roles, underlying mechanisms, and clinical applications of MIR31HG in human diseases.
Case Report: Sequential postzygotic HRAS mutation and gains of the paternal chromosome 11 carrying the mutated allele in a patient with epidermal nevus and rhabdomyosarcoma: evidence of a multiple-hit mechanism involving HRAS in oncogenic transformation
Authors: Zuntini Roberta , Cattani Chiara , Pedace Lucia , Miele Evelina , Caraffi Stefano Giuseppe , Gardini Stefano , Ficarelli Elena , Pizzi Simone , Radio Francesca Clementina , Barone Angelica , Piana Simonetta , Bertolini Patrizia , Corradi Domenico , Marinelli Maria , Longo Caterina , Motolese Alberico , Zuffardi Orsetta , Tartaglia Marco , Garavelli Livia
Published: August 2023

We report a 7-year-old boy born with epidermal nevi (EN) arranged according to Blaschko’s lines involving the face and head, right upper limb, chest, and left lower limb, who developed a left paratesticular embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma at 18 months of age. Parallel sequencing identified a gain-of-function variant (c.37G>C, p.Gly13Arg) of HRAS in both epidermal nevus and tumor but not in leukocytes or buccal mucosal epithelial cells, indicating its postzygotic origin. The variant accounted for 33% and 92% of the total reads in the nevus and tumor DNA specimens, respectively, supporting additional somatic hits in the latter. DNA methylation (DNAm) profiling of the tumor documented a signature consistent with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and CNV array analysis inferred from the DNAm arrays and subsequent MLPA analysis demonstrated copy number gains of the entire paternal chromosome 11 carrying the mutated HRAS allele, likely as the result of paternal unidisomy followed by subsequent gain(s) of the paternal chromosome in the tumor. Other structural rearrangements were observed in the tumours, while no additional pathogenic variants affecting genes with role in the RAS-MAPK and PI3K-AKT-MTOR pathways were identified. Our findings provide further evidence of the contribution of “gene dosage” to the multistep process driving cell transformation associated with hyperactive HRAS function.
Bi-functional particles for real-time phagosome acidification and proteolysis multiplex assay in macrophages
Authors: Méndez-Alejandre Alba , Raymond Benjamin Bernard Armando , Trost Matthias , Marín-Rubio José Luis
Published: August 2023

Phagosome acidification and proteolysis are essential processes in the immune response to contain and eliminate pathogens. In recent years, there has been an increased desire for a rapid and accurate method of assessing these processes in real-time. Here, we outline the development of a multiplexed assay that allows simultaneous monitoring of phagosome acidification and proteolysis in the same sample using silica beads conjugated to pHrodo and DQ BSA. We describe in detail how to prepare the bi-functional particles and show proof of concept using differentially activated macrophages. This multiplexed spectrophotometric assay allows rapid and accurate assessment of phagosome acidification and proteolysis in real-time and could provide valuable information for understanding the immune response to pathogen invasion.
Modeling genetic mosaicism of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway in the cerebral cortex
Authors: Feliciano David M.
Published: August 2023

The capacity to integrate complex sensory cues and to coordinate an adequate behavioral response often requires integration of information within the outermost part of the mammalian brain called the cerebral cortex. The laminar and columnar cytoarchitecture of the cerebral cortex contains neurons that establish proximal and distal connections. Genetically encoded transcription factors ensure the generation of the appropriate number, types, locations, and connections of cortical neurons. However, somatic mutations that alter cortical development provide evidence that post-transcriptional regulation is equally important. An example is that somatic mutations in regulators and substrates of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are associated with neuropsychiatric and neurological manifestations. mTOR is a protein kinase that phosphorylates substrates that control mRNA translation and anabolic processes. Numerous challenges remain in uncovering the mechanisms by which mutations in regulators and substrates of mTOR impact behavior. Here, evidence is provided that somatic mosaicism can be modeled in the developing murine cerebral cortex which may have clinical significance.
First insights into the Aurelia aurita transcriptome response upon manipulation of its microbiome
Authors: Weiland-Bräuer Nancy , Koutsouveli Vasiliki , Langfeldt Daniela , Schmitz Ruth A.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The associated diverse microbiome contributes to the overall fitness of Aurelia aurita, particularly to asexual reproduction. However, how A. aurita maintains this specific microbiome or reacts to manipulations is unknown.

Methods

In this report, the response of A. aurita to manipulations of its native microbiome was studied by a transcriptomics approach. Microbiome-manipulated polyps were generated by antibiotic treatment and challenging polyps with a non-native, native, and potentially pathogenic bacterium. Total RNA extraction followed by RNAseq resulted in over 155 million reads used for a de novo assembly.

Results

The transcriptome analysis showed that the antibiotic-induced change and resulting reduction of the microbiome significantly affected the host transcriptome, e.g., genes involved in processes related to immune response and defense mechanisms were highly upregulated. Similarly, manipulating the microbiome by challenging the polyp with a high load of bacteria (2 × 107 cells/polyp) resulted in induced transcription of apoptosis-, defense-, and immune response genes. A second focus was on host-derived quorum sensing interference as a potential defense strategy. Quorum Quenching (QQ) activities and the respective encoding QQ-ORFs of A. aurita were identified by functional screening a cDNA-based expression library generated in Escherichia coli. Corresponding sequences were identified in the transcriptome assembly. Moreover, gene expression analysis revealed differential expression of QQ genes depending on the treatment, strongly suggesting QQ as an additional defense strategy.

Discussion

Overall, this study allows first insights into A. aurita’s response to manipulating its microbiome, thus paving the way for an in-depth analysis of the basal immune system and additional fundamental defense strategies.
Gut microbiota and cerebrovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Qin Hao , Yang Fan , Hao Pengfei , Zhang Xianfeng
Published: August 2023

Background

The causal relationship between gut microbiota and cerebrovascular disease remains unknown, despite several recent studies reporting an association between the two.

Methods

To assess this relationship, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using summary statistics data from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). This analysis allowed us to identify bacterial taxa that may affect cerebrovascular disease. Furthermore, we performed reverse MR to further analyze the significant bacterial taxa. Finally, we conducted a two-step MR analysis to examine the mediating role of metabolic factors [systolic blood pressure (SBP), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and body mass index (BMI)] in the association between gut microbiota and cerebrovascular disease. Additionally, a series of sensitivity analyses were carried out to validate the robustness of our findings.

Results

Our results showed that a genetically predicted high abundance of family Porphyromonadaceae reduced the risk of intracranial aneurysms (IA). Moreover, using inverse variance weighted (IVW) estimates, we found a nominal causal relationship between seventeen gut microbiota and IA, as well as its subtypes. In the case of stroke and its subtypes, we observed a nominal causal relationship with thirteen, eleven, eleven, nine, and eight bacteria for AS, AIS, CES, LAS, and SVS, respectively. Reverse MR analysis showed no significant causal relationship between intracranial aneurysms and gut microbiota. However, we did find that genetically predicted any stroke (AS) and any ischemic stroke (AIS) reduced the abundance of family Clostridiaceae1 (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.62–0.87, p = 3.39 × 10−4, and OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.66–0.87, p = 7.06 × 10−5, respectively). Furthermore, genetic prediction of AIS (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77–0.99, p = 3.05 × 10−2) was associated with a reduced abundance of the order Clostridiales. Moreover, genus Streptococcus exhibited effects on AS, AIS, and SVS which were mediated by T2D. Conversely, the association between genus Eubacterium brachy group and AIS was mediated by SBP. No significant heterogeneity of instrumental variables or horizontal pleiotropy was observed.

Conclusion

This MR analysis indicates that there exists a beneficial or detrimental causal effect of gut microbiota composition on cerebrovascular disease. And SBP and T2D may play mediating role in this process.
The mitogenomes of Leptographium aureum, Leptographium sp., and Grosmannia fruticeta: expansion by introns
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Jigeesha , Wai Alvan , Hausner Georg
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Many members of the Ophiostomatales are of economic importance as they are bark-beetle associates and causative agents for blue stain on timber and in some instances contribute towards tree mortality. The taxonomy of these fungi has been challenging due to the convergent evolution of many traits associated with insect dispersal and a limited number of morphological characters that happen to be highly pleomorphic. This study examines the mitochondrial genomes for three members of Leptographium sensu lato [Leptographium aureum (also known as Grosmannia aurea), Grosmannia fruticeta (also known as Leptographium fruticetum), and Leptographium sp. WIN(M)1376)].

Methods

Illumina sequencing combined with gene and intron annotations and phylogenetic analysis were performed.

Results

Sequence analysis showed that gene content and gene synteny are conserved but mitochondrial genome sizes were variable: G. fruticeta at 63,821 bp, Leptographium sp. WIN(M)1376 at 81,823 bp and L. aureum at 104,547 bp. The variation in size is due to the number of introns and intron-associated open reading frames. Phylogenetic analysis of currently available mitochondrial genomes for members of the Ophiostomatales supports currently accepted generic arrangements within this order and specifically supports the separation of members with Leptographium-like conidiophores into two genera, with L. aureum grouping with Leptographium and G. fruticeta aligning with Grosmannia.

Discussion

Mitochondrial genomes are promising sequences for resolving evolutionary relationships within the Ophiostomatales.
The clinical efficacy of ozone combined with steroid in the treatment of discogenic low back pain: a randomized, double-blinded clinical study
Authors: Yang Xiao-hui , Liu Xiao-hui , Ma Yun-gai , Fan Jia-xing , Ma Xiao-long , Zhuang Guan-ying , Yang Zhan-min
Published: August 2023

Objective

This randomized double-blinded clinical study is to investigate the clinical efficacy of per-paravertebral disk ozone injection combined with steroids in the treatment of patients with chronic discogenic low back pain (CDLBP).

Methods

Group A (N = 60) received a per-paravertebral injection of a steroid mixture of 10 mL with pure oxygen 20 mL, while group B (N = 60) received a per-paravertebral injection of a steroid mixture of 10 mL combined with ozone 20 mL (30 μg/mL). Injections were administered once a week for 3 weeks, with a follow-up of 6 months. Clinical outcomes were assessed at week 1, month 3, and month 6 with the help of Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and Macnab efficacy evaluation.

Results

The VAS score of both group A (1.65 vs. 6.87, p = 0.000) and group B (1.25 vs. 6.85, p = 0.000) at week 1 was significantly reduced compared to baseline. The effect was sustained at the 3- and 6-month follow-up periods (p < 0.05). Group B had significantly lower VAS scores at month 3 (1.53 vs. 3.82, p = 0.000) and month 6 (2.80 vs. 5.05, p = 0.000) compared to group A, respectively. Based on Macnab criteria, 95 and 96.7% of patients in groups A and B had good rates “excellent plus good” at week 1, respectively. Good rates were significantly higher in group B at month 3 (91.7 vs. 78.3%, p = 0.041) and month 6 (85.0 vs. 68.3%, p = 0.031) compared to group A, respectively. No serious adverse events were noted in both groups.

Conclusion

Per-paravertebral injection of steroid and ozone combination resulted in better relief of CDLBP compared to pure oxygen plus steroid.

Clinical Trial Registration

ChiCTR2100044434 https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=121571.
Distinct characteristics and severity of brain magnetic resonance imaging lesions in women and men with multiple sclerosis assessed using verified texture analysis measures
Authors: Hosseinpour Zahra , Oladosu Olayinka , Liu Wei-qiao , Pike G. Bruce , Yong V. Wee , Metz Luanne M. , Zhang Yunyan
Published: August 2023

Background and goal

In vivo characterization of brain lesion types in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been an ongoing challenge. Based on verified texture analysis measures from clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), this study aimed to develop a method to identify two extremes of brain MS lesions that were approximately severely demyelinated (sDEM) and highly remyelinated (hREM), and compare them in terms of common clinical variables.

Method

Texture analysis used an optimized gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) method based on FLAIR MRI from 200 relapsing-remitting MS participants. Two top-performing metrics were calculated: texture contrast and dissimilarity. Lesion identification applied a percentile approach according to texture values calculated: ≤ 25 percentile for hREM and ≥75 percentile for sDEM.

Results

The sDEM had a greater total normalized volume yet smaller average size, and worse MRI texture than hREM. In lesion distribution mapping, the two lesion types appeared to overlap largely in location and were present the most in the corpus callosum and periventricular regions. Further, in sDEM, the normalized volume was greater and in hREM, the average size was smaller in men than women. There were no other significant results in clinical variable-associated analyses.

Conclusion

Percentile statistics of competitive MRI texture measures may be a promising method for probing select types of brain MS lesion pathology. Associated findings can provide another useful dimension for improved measurement and monitoring of disease activity in MS. The different characteristics of sDEM and hREM between men and women likely adds new information to the literature, deserving further confirmation.
Pretreatment diffusion-weighted imaging for prediction of relapsed and refractory primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Chien Hsi-Cheng , Yeh Lee-Ren , Hung Kuo-Chuan , Lim Sher-Wei , Cheng Chung-Yu , Lee Yu-Chang , Chen Jeon-Hor , Ko Ching-Chung
Published: August 2023

Objectives

A subset of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) has been shown to undergo an early relapsed/refractory (R/R) period after first-line chemotherapy. This study investigated the pretreatment clinical and MRI features to predict R/R in PCNSL, emphasizing the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Methods

This retrospective study investigated the pretreatment MRI features for predicting R/R in PCNSL. Only patients who had undergone complete preoperative and postoperative MRI follow-up studies were included. From January 2006 to December 2021, 52 patients from two medical institutions with a diagnosis of PCNSL were included (median follow-up time, 26.3 months). Among these, 24 (46.2%) had developed R/R (median time to relapse, 13 months). Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to determine hazard ratios for all parameters.

Results

Significant predictors of R/R in PCNSL were female sex, complete response (CR) to first-line chemotherapy, and ADC value/ratio (p < 0.05). Cut-off points of ADC values and ADC ratios for prediction of R/R were 0.68 × 10−3 mm2/s and 0.97, with AUCs of 0.78 and 0.77, respectively (p < 0.05). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that failure of CR to first-line chemotherapy and low ADC values (<0.68 × 10−3 mm2/s) were significant risk factors for R/R, with hazard ratios of 5.22 and 14.45, respectively (p < 0.05). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that lower ADC values and ratios predicted significantly shorter progression-free survival (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Pretreatment ADC values in DWI offer quantitative valuable information for the treatment planning in PCNSL.
Effects of the SNAP-25 Mnll variant on hippocampal functional connectivity in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Huang Wenxian , Fateh Ahmed Ameen , Zhao Yilin , Zeng Hongwu , Yang Binrang , Fang Diangang , Zhang Linlin , Meng Xianlei , Hassan Muhammad , Wen Feiqiu
Published: August 2023

Objectives

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most widespread and highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders affecting children worldwide. Although synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) is a possible gene hypothesized to be associated with working memory deficits in ADHD, little is known about its specific impact on the hippocampus. The goal of the current study was to determine how variations in ADHD’s SNAP-25 Mnll polymorphism (rs3746544) affect hippocampal functional connectivity (FC).

Methods

A total of 88 boys between the ages of 7 and 10 years were recruited for the study, including 60 patients with ADHD and 28 healthy controls (HCs). Data from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and clinical information were acquired and assessed. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the SNAP-25 gene were genotyped, according to which the study’s findings separated ADHD patients into two groups: TT homozygotes (TT = 35) and G-allele carriers (TG = 25).

Results

Based on the rs-fMRI data, the FC of the right hippocampus and left frontal gyrus was evaluated using group-based comparisons. The corresponding sensitivities and specificities were assessed. Following comparisons between the patient groups, different hippocampal FCs were identified. When compared to TT patients, children with TG had a lower FC between the right precuneus and the right hippocampus, and a higher FC between the right hippocampus and the left middle frontal gyrus.

Conclusion

The fundamental neurological pathways connecting the SNAP-25 Mnll polymorphism with ADHD via the FC of the hippocampus were newly revealed in this study. As a result, the hippocampal FC may further serve as an imaging biomarker for ADHD.
Neuro-safety science: an emerging discipline to reveal the neural mechanisms of safety problems
Authors: Zhang Shu , Ye Shufen , Huang Yunfang , Shi Xiuzhi
Published: August 2023

At present, the research of safety science discipline is limited to the level of describing psychology and behaviors, because the cognitive neural mechanisms behind them are unknown. This paper introduces an emerging interdiscipline, namely neuro-safety science, which uses the neuroscientific methods to investigate the neural systems behind safely relevant behaviors. Qualitative methods such as literature review method and theoretical model construction method were adopted for this study. Based on the background of neuro-safety science, the definition of neuro-safety science was defined, its connotation was analyzed, and the research contents from two aspects of theoretical research and practical application research were proposed. Methodology system including research principles, research routes, research procedure and research methods, and the paradigm system of neuro-safety science were put forward. At last, the application research on neuro-safety science was forecasted. This paper opens up a new research perspective for the research of safety science, and provide guidance and reference to develop neuro-safety science.
Body composition as a predictor of oncological outcome in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer receiving intravesical instillation after transurethral resection of bladder tumor
Authors: Huang Liang-Kang , Lin Yu-Ching , Chuang Hai-Hua , Chuang Cheng-Keng , Pang See-Tong , Wu Chun-Te , Chang Ying-Hsu , Yu Kai-Jie , Lin Po-Hung , Kan Hung-Cheng , Chu Yuan-Cheng , Hung Wei-Kang , Hsieh Ming-Li , Shao I-Hung
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Body status, categorized as sarcopenia or obesity and assessed using body mass index and body composition, affects the outcome of bladder cancer patients. However, studies comparing disease progression, recurrence, or overall survival in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with different body compositions are lacking. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective study to identify the impact of body composition, sarcopenia, and obesity on the oncological prognosis of patients with NMIBC who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) intravesical instillation (IVI).

Methods

Patients with NMIBC who had undergone TURBT with adjuvant IVI with BCG from March 2005 to April 2021 were included. Body composition parameters were evaluated using computed tomography images of the third lumbar vertebrae and further categorized by sarcopenia and obesity. Oncological outcomes including recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS) after treatment were analyzed.

Results

A total of 269 patients were enrolled. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) density was a significant predictor of RFS, whereas psoas muscle density was a significant predictor of OS in the multivariate analysis. Patients with sarcopenia but without obesity tolerated significantly fewer BCG IVIs than patients without sarcopenia or obesity. Patients with sarcopenia had poorer RFS and OS than those without sarcopenia. In contrast, patients with obesity had better OS than those without obesity.

Discussion

Body composition parameters, including SAT density and psoas muscle density, emerged as significant predictors of OS and RFS, respectively. Hence, our findings indicate that body composition is a helpful measurement to assess the oncological outcomes of patients with NMIBC.
Case report: Cochlear implantation was effective for progressive bilateral severe hearing loss associated with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Murakami Daichi , Kimura Takahito , Kono Masamitsu , Sakai Akihiro , Suenaga Tomohiro , Hiraoka Masanobu , Sakatani Hideki , Ohtani Makiko , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Tokuhara Daisuke , Hotomi Muneki
Published: August 2023

Sensorineural hearing loss associated with Kawasaki disease has been increasingly reported, but its etiology remains unclear. Most reported cases of sensorineural hearing loss associated with Kawasaki disease have been mild and reversible during acute or subacute phases. However, bilateral severe hearing loss as a complication of Kawasaki disease can cause delays in cognitive and speech development. A 4-year-old Japanese boy treated for Kawasaki disease had right-side moderate and left-side profound sensorineural hearing loss on the 141st day after onset of Kawasaki disease. Despite systemic steroid pulse treatment, hearing loss remained in both sides. After the recurrence of Kawasaki disease, hearing on the right side progressively worsened, meaning there was now severe hearing loss on both sides. Left cochlear implantation performed on the 1065th day after the onset of Kawasaki disease improved the patient's hearing and his ability to communicate. Sensorineural hearing loss associated with Kawasaki disease may progress over a long period and cause bilateral severe hearing loss, although past reports showed occurrence during acute or subacute phases. The clinical course of our patient suggests that intense inflammation caused by Kawasaki disease could be related to prolonged hearing loss. Cochlear implantation seems to be effective for sensorineural hearing loss associated with Kawasaki disease.