bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of IVIM in Detecting Acute Femoral Head Ischemia: A Comparison Between RESOLVE and Single Shot EPI Using An In Vivo Piglet Model
Authors: Buko Erick , Parvaze Suhail , Tóth Ferenc , Johnson Casey
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) is a promising noninvasive technique to measure tissue diffusion and perfusion using a single multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) acquisition. Goal(s): To determine whether IVIM is sensitive to acute femoral head ischemia in the piglet model using RESOLVE and single-shot EPI. Approach: 24 piglets underwent bilateral hip imaging using a 3T MRI before and after surgical induction of unilateral femoral head ischemia. IVIM and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were compared between the pre- and post-operative scans. Results: IVIM is sensitive in detecting ischemia and subsequent injury to the femoral head. RESOLVE outperforms ssEPI in detecting changes in perfusion. Impact: IVIM may be a clinically useful non-contrast-enhanced alternative to CE-MRI to measure femoral head ischemia and perfusion changes for detecting, staging, and monitoring LCPD and other forms of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Value of multi-parametric diffusion-weighted imaging in pathological grading of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Shichao , Yin Ting , Li Zhen
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Accurate preoperative grading of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is essential for treatment decisions, particularly in patients with comorbidities. Goal(s): This study aims to investigate the utility of various diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) models, including mono-exponential, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and continuous time random walk (CTRW), in preoperative ccRCC grading to facilitate personalized treatment strategies. Approach: We conducted MRI scans on 105 ccRCC patients with multi-b value DWI and employed machine learning for model construction for ccRCC grading. Results: This study demonstrates the protential of multi-parametric DWI models for accurate ccRCC grading, yield an AUC of 0.861. Impact: This study has the potential to reshape the landscape of preoperative ccRCC grading, promote objectivity in treatment planning.
IVIM Combined with DCE-MRI Characterize Architectural Distortion Detected on Mammography: A Pilot Study
Authors: dong deshuo , chen anliang , zhang lina , liu ailian , song qingwei , yang jie , guan haonan , xie lizhi
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Breast adenosis (AD) detection is crucial for early breast cancer diagnosis. Traditional mammography has limitations. Goal(s): To enhance AD diagnosis using MRI and evaluate MRI's diagnostic value for AD detected in mammography. Assess the combined potential of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) sequences. Approach: Collected data from AD-diagnosed patients who underwent breast MRI. Analyzed DCE-MRI and IVIM parameters, compared benign and malignant AD, and assessed their combined diagnostic efficiency. Results: MRI exhibited high sensitivity (100%) and NPV (100%) for malignancy exclusion. DCE-MRI and IVIM combined yielded superior results with an AUC of 0.984. Impact: This study demonstrates that combining DCE-MRI and IVIM significantly enhances the diagnostic accuracy of AD changes. It offers a non-invasive approach to differentiate benign from malignant lesions, reducing unnecessary invasive procedures and improving breast cancer management.
The Effect of Age and BMI In Renal mpMRI With Regional Analysis
Authors: Sanmiguel Luis , De Visschere Pieter , Pullens Pim
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The demand for accurate and non-intrusive renal function evaluation methods. Goal(s): To discern how age and BMI affect: Renal perfusion measured with ASL (Arterial spin labeling). Renal diffusion measured with Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) from DWI (Diffusion-weighted images).Approach: Recruit and scan healthy volunteers. Create a database with the results. Apply statistics: Evaluating correlations (Spearman coefficient). Evaluating differences between groups (Mann-Whitney U test).Results: ASL: Negative significant age-related perfusion and significant differences between age groups. Negative significant correlations of BMI with perfusion in inner regions of the kidneys.ADC: No significant correlation with age. Negative significant correlations of BMI with ADC maps.Impact: These findings provide insights for the MRI community, enhancing tailored renal understanding and diagnostic precision. Personalized approaches, using age and BMI, have the potential to enhance patient outcomes. This study encourages focused research, promoting personalized medicine and refining renal imaging.
Initial experience of combined microstructural and functional magnetic resonance imaging for the characterisation of renal tumours.
Authors: Hesketh Richard , Bray Timothy , Sen Snigdha , Smith Lorna , Chowdhury Rafat , Retter Adam , Caselton Lucy , Atkinson David , Panagiotaki Eleftheria , Gong Fiona , Bullock Max , Clemente Joey , Tran Maxine , Punwani Shonti
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Accurate differentiation of renal tumour subtype and grade is not currently possible using standard of care imaging. Goal(s): To use combined functional and microstructural MRI in the form of diffusion weighted imaging with VERDICT, proton density fat fraction and hyperpolarised [1-13C]pyruvate to detect the different histological and metabolic features of different renal tumours. Two patients with histologically proven renal tumours (grade 2 clear cell and grade 3 papillary) underwent MRI imaging. Approach: Two patients with histologically proven renal tumours (grade 2 clear cell and grade 3 papillary) underwent MRI imaging. Results: Combined function and microstructural MRI differentiated tumour types and normal kidney. Impact: This study demonstrates the first combined use of VERDICT, PDFF and hyperpolarised [1-13C]pyruvate. The differentiation of renal tumours has proven difficult on imaging and this combination is a promising approach to this significant clinical problem.
Feasibility of quantitative water T2 mapping for detection of renal tubulointerstitial changes in radiation nephropathy
Authors: Stabinska Julia , Piccolo Joe , Chhabra Anupriya , Li Zhi , Gabrielson Kathy , Mohanta Zinia , Liatsou Ioanna , Sedaghat Farzad , Hobbs Robert , Sgouros George , McMahon Michael
Published: November 2024

Motivation: As the current diagnostic tools are insensitive to early kidney damage in radiation nephropathy, there is a clinical need for improved biomarkers that can be used to noninvasively assess tubulointerstitial changes in RN. Goal(s): To verify whether MRI-based T2 mapping can detect microstructural changes in renal parenchyma resulting from radiation-induced kidney damage. Approach: We performed T2 mapping in two mouse models of radiation nephropathy, one involving external beam irradiation and the other utilizing internal irradiation with α-particle-emitting actinium (225Ac) radiolabeled antibody. Results: Increased T2 values were found in the cortex and outer medulla of the treated mice compared to the healthy controls. Impact: MRI-based T2 values could serve as a quantitative biomarker for detecting microstructural changes specific to EBRT and αRPT.
129Xe lung ventilation imaging in patients with long COVID without prior respiratory disease
Authors: Saunders Laura , Collier Guilhem , Smith Laurie , Marshall Helen , Biancardi Alberto , Jakymelen Demi , Strickland Scarlett , Gustafsson Lotta , Munro Ryan , Rodgers Oliver , Stewart Neil , Norquay Graham , Capener David , Horsley Alexander , Thompson A A Roger , Wild Jim
Published: November 2024

Motivation: It is unclear the extent to which abnormal lung ventilation is present in long COVID subjects without prior respiratory diseases. Goal(s): Evaluate 129Xe lung ventilation imaging in a cohort without prior respiratory disease, consisting of patients with long COVID (with and without dyspnea) and controls. Approach: 60 patients with long COVID (53 with dyspnea, 7 without dyspnea) and 20 controls underwent successful ventilation imaging and were included in analysis. Results: 129Xe ventilation imaging metrics did not find significant differences between controls and patients with long COVID, however a subset of long COVID patients with dyspnea had lung ventilation defects despite normal PFTs. Impact: Impact (40 words): The majority of patients with long COVID have normal 129Xe lung ventilation imaging. 129Xe ventilation imaging may be able to identify candidates with long COVID who may be candidates for treatments targeted at airways disease.
Altered cortical morphology and morphological similarity network patterns in classical trigeminal neuralgia patients
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , AI Kai , Ma Laiyang , Jiang Yanli , Hu Wanjun , Wang Jun , Liu Guangyao , Zhang Jing
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Morphological covariance in classical trigeminal neuralgia is not well understood. Goal(s): To characterize the brain morphometry, and further construct individual-level morphological similarity networks. Approach: We performed volume and surface-based morphometry analyses respectively. Using cortical indicators combined with Kullback-Leibler divergence, we further investigated the topological properties of structural covariance network. Results: Patients presented decreased cortical indicators in salience and default mode network, along with increased volume and cortical complexity. Topological analysis revealed impaired information integration of the fractal dimension and sulcus depth networks, and the opposite trend in cortical thickness network. Gray matter covariation provides connectome evidence for central plasticity in chronic pain. Impact: The present study, for the first time, revealed the impairments of individual-level morphological covariance networks in CTN chronic pain patients, highlighting the combined effects of pain and mood disorders. Additionally, volume and surface integration analyses help to provide complementary information.
Brain gray matter alterations in individuals with convergence insufficiency
Authors: Wang Yuxia , Wu Ye , Wu Yanglei , Sun Huaiqiang , Li Fei
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Whether abnormal visual experiences in individuals with convergence insufficiency (CI) would be associated with brain structural alterations. Goal(s): To explore altered cortical structural characteristics in individuals with CI and its relationship with visual measures and clinical symptoms. Approach: All participants underwent high-resolution T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging scanning and cortical thickness, surface area, and volume were calculated and compared between two groups. Results: There are altered cortical gray matter volume and surface area in the brain regions related to the function of eye movement in CI than healthy controls, one of which was correlated with near point of convergence. Impact: Our results shed light on the impact of binocular vision dysfunctions on human brain structure, explicate the neural mechanism of CI, and reveal the potential utility of brain MRI in assessing the neural mechanism of ocular diseases.
Segmentation of Deep Gray Matter Nuclei with Imperfect Annotations and Anatomy A Priori Embedded in Template
Authors: Wang Yida , He Naying , Wang Chenglong , Zhao Xiance , Song Yang , Wang Ying , Haacke Ewart Mark , Yan Fuhua , Yang Guang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Automated segmentation enables objective and repeatable quantitative analysis of deep gray matter nuclei, which is essential to Parkinson’s disease (PD) studies. Goal(s): To combine the strengths of a classic segmentation algorithm and deep learning to achieve robust segmentation of deep gray matter nuclei without manual annotation. Approach: A brain nuclei template was created to generate template-based ROIs containing anatomical priori information. A classic segmentation algorithm was used to create imperfect algorithm-based ROIs, which were combined with template-based ROIs for training of a segmentation deep learning (DL) model. Results: The proposed model has achieved encouraging results, and still has room for improvement. Impact: Accurate and automatic segmentation for deep gray matter nuclei is essential to PD studies. The proposed DL segmentation model requires no manual annotations and may make the automatic segmentation more accessible for large datasets.
Brain Iron Content Changes after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping
Authors: Lin Meng , Zhang Jing , Tan Yong , Zhang Jiuquan , Yin Ting
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairments (CRCIs) are common in patients with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However, the mechanisms of CRCI are still unclear. Excess brain iron accumulation might be a potential mechanism for cognitive impairment. Goal(s): Evaluating the longitudinal changes in brain iron content in participants with breast cancer after NAC using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM)Approach: 53 women with breast cancer were enrolled, and each was imaged with T1WI and QSM and performed before and after NAC. Results: Brain iron content derived from QSM changed in participants with breast cancer after NAC, and was related to cognitive performance. Impact: Iron content changes derived from QSM may providing a new objective basis for the mechanism of CRCI.
Impact of socioeconomic status and parental stress on infant regional brain development
Authors: Lee Cheng En , Sindabizera Kay Laura , Li Ruolin , Wu Wentao , Ouyang Minhui , Huang Hao
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Human brain development is suggested to rely on a complex interplay between biological and environmental factors. For the latter, socioeconomic status (SES) and parental stress can significantly impact the development of cognitive and social skills. However, their links to infant brain development are not well understood. Goal(s): Our goal is to identify regional brain development critically affected by environmental influences. Approach: High-resolution structural MRI of 95 infants aged 0-22 months, and the corresponding SES, and parental perceived stress scales (PSS) were utilized to investigate how they are associated. Results: Higher SES is associated with larger volumes in prefrontal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus. Impact: The significant, positive correlations between socioeconomic status and prefrontal cortical, inferior frontal gyral volume underscore environmental impact on brain development during the critical period of infancy. Further investigation of brain regions related to emotion, executive function, and memory is warranted.
Reduced Brain Oxygen Metabolism in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Measured by Venous Blood Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping
Authors: Sawan Hasan , Li Chenyang , Buch Sagar , Malik Fahad , Wang Ying , Bernitsas Evanthia , Haacke E. Mark , Ge Yulin , Chen Yongsheng
Published: November 2024

Motivation: It remains largely unknown whether venous blood susceptibility can be used as an imaging biomarker of neuronal activity in multiple sclerosis (MS). Goal(s): To assess the oxygen saturation of the internal cerebral veins (ICVs), and their correlations with clinical scores in MS patients. Approach: Susceptibility of ICVs was measured on QSM data in 18 MS patients and 10 controls. The susceptibility of ICV values were correlated with clinical scores using linear regression in MS patient. Results: There was a significant reduction in ICV susceptibility (indicating an increased oxygen saturation) in MS patients. The decreased venous susceptibility correlated with cognitive decline in these patients. Impact: This study provides first-of-its-kind evidence that reduced oxygen consumption in deep cerebral regions may be associated with cognitive decline in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Venous blood susceptibility could be an imaging biomarker of cerebral oxygen metabolism in MS.
Patient-Centered Neurological Evaluation of Functional MRI Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Witt Atlee , Combes Anna , O'Grady Kristin , McKnight Colin , Rogers Baxter , Sweeney Grace , Prock Logan , Houston Delaney , Bagnato Francesca , Sriram Subramaniam , Smith Seth
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in young adults with significant gaps in spinal cord (SC) imaging necessitating advanced techniques like fMRI to better characterize MS pathology. Goal(s): We aim to explore SC functional connectivity (FC) via resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) to disentangle the complex interactions between biological variables, disease metrics, and synchronous BOLD activity. Approach: We acquired mFFE and fMRI images in MS patients and healthy controls (HC), performed image post-processing, and analyzed correlations between 6 gray matter (GM) networks. Results: SC FC differs significantly depending on cohort and subject characteristics, like disease metrics and biological variables like gender. Impact: Implications include a robust analytical evaluation of the rs-fMRI signatures arising in the MS SC and their relationship to functional integrity. By understanding fMRI in the SC of MS patients, we may better understand the human experience of MS.
Current Stimulation and Brain Connectivity in Prodromal Multiple Sclerosis: A Simultaneous tDCS-MRI Study
Authors: Muccio Marco , Pilloni Giuseppina , Fernandez Luis , Kreisberg Erica , Krupp Lauren , Datta Abhishek , Bikson Marom , Charvet Leigh , Ge Yulin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The extent of tDCS’s impact on brain functional connectivity(FC) in individuals with prodromal multiple sclerosis(MS) remains largely unknown. Goal(s): To investigate the acute tDCS effects on brain network and FC using resting state functional MRI(rs-fMRI) in MS prodromal patients. Approach: The study involved a concurrent tDCS-MRI session, in which rs-fMRI data were acquired prior to and during tDCS (2mA, DLPFC left anodal). Results: During tDCS, we noted a significant increase in FC between hippocampus and frontal pole as well as lateral parietal cortex in the left hemisphere. Similar increases were observed between frontal left regions and cortical and subcortical areas. Impact: The observed effects of tDCS on brain network dynamics and resting state functional connectivity in prodromal MS could potentially influence its future clinical applications as a treatment option in such early stages of the disease.
Unveiling the Association between Gray Matter Atrophy and Impaired Blood Flow in EAE Mouse Model of MS with 9.4T MRI
Authors: Hashem Mada , Hamilton A. , Mishra Manoj , Yong V. , Dunn Jeff
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The underlying mechanisms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) remain unclear, and treatments are lacking. In MS, cerebral atrophy, and impaired cerebral blood flow (CBF), are both aspects of GM pathology. Goal(s): We aim to assess the relationship between atrophy and CBF in MS, and their changes with disease duration and severity. Approach: We applied non-invasive ASL-MRI and Atlas-based volumetrics to measure CBF and atrophy in the EAE mouse model of MS, over disease course. Results: EAE mice showed reduced CBF during peak and long-term disease but atrophy just during long-term disease. Long-term clinical disability and atrophy were correlated with CBF. Impact: Reduced CBF may relate to pathology in MS, including progression and atrophy. Future studies combining ASL-MRI and atlas-based volumetrics may be useful for investigating the processes underlying neurodegeneration in MS.
Myelin imaging with myelin-sensitive inversion recovery (MySIR) in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Namba Sakie , Yokota Hajime , Sada Takayuki , Kurosawa Ryuna , Nitta Keisuke , Matsumoto Koji , Yoneyama Masami , Gilbert Guillaume , Uno Takashi
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Myelin imaging that can assess demyelination needs to be established for testing new drugs and determining treatment strategies in multiple sclerosis (MS). Goal(s): To investigate the correlation between myelin-sensitive inversion recovery imaging (MySIR) and inhomogeneous magnetization transfer (ihMT) to determine whether MySIR is feasible as myelin imaging in MS. Approach: We evaluated the correlation between MySIR and ihMT in MS plaque and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). Results: MySIR correlated with ihMT in plaques of MS, and the discrimination ability between plaque and normal-appearing white matter of MySIR was equivalent to that of ihMT. Impact: MySIR is feasible as myelin imaging for MS plaque. MySIR can achieve high resolution and has the potential to measure myelin content accurately.
Longitudinal Quantitative synthetic MRI assessment of hippocampus in early-stage multiple sclerosis: correlation with cognitive scores
Authors: Huang Jing , Liang Yan , Lu Jie
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The longitudinal changes of the quantitative MRI parameters in the hippocampus of MS patients and their correlation with clinical factors remains unclear. Goal(s): This study aimed to characterize the longitudinal changes of quantitative parameters in the hippocampus and explore the relevance of these changes to cognitive assessment. Approach: Quantitative values calculated using Synthetic MRI technique and extracted for different subregions of the hippocampus. Results: Compared with healthy controls, significant differences of quantitative values in the hippocampus, particularly in the subiculum, were observed. At 1-year follow-up, clinical improvement was associated with lower T2 values in the entire hippocampus. Impact: Synthetic MRI can effectively evaluate changes in the normal-appearing hippocampus of MS patients and may be useful for monitoring disease progression clinically.
Characterization of brain structure and perfusion in patients with systemic sclerosis by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Tong Xinyu , He Huilin , Xu Shihan , Shen Rui , Zhou Xingyu , Ning Zihan , Xu Ning , Liu Jiachen , Yu Shuwan , He Zuo-Xiang , Xu Dong , Zhao Xihai
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Cerebral involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc) was reported increasingly but lacks evidence of specific imaging biomarkers. Goal(s): To characterize cerebral structure and perfusion in SSc patients using MR imaging. Approach: Brain structure and perfusion were characterized using T1w and pCASL MR sequences. The regional volume and cerebral blood flow (CBF) and voxel-wise CBF differences were compared between healthy volunteers, diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) and limited cutaneous of SSc (lcSSc) patients. Results: The SSc patients showed significantly lower voxel-wize CBF than healthy volunteers, and the dcSSc patients showed significantly lower CBF in both region-wise and voxel-wise level than the lcSSc patients. Impact: Our study demonstrates the regional-wise and voxel-wise cerebral blood flow decrease in SSc patients, which might provide the new insights into the central nervous system involvement and related clinical manifestations in SSc.
T1.T2product is sensitive to disability-relevant tissue damage in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: York Elizabeth , Kampaite Agniete , Meijboom Rozanna , Thrippleton Michael , Chandran Siddharthan , Waldman Adam
Published: November 2024

Motivation: T1w/T2w is a marker of tissue integrity in multiple sclerosis (MS), but is derived from (normalised) signal intensities, not quantitative measures. Goal(s): To determine whether longitudinal quantitative T1 and T2 and T1.T2product (directionally equivalent to T1w/T2w) measures are sensitive to disability-relevant tissue damage in early MS. Approach: Voxelwise T1.T2product maps were estimated in people recently diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS (n=62). Longitudinal change in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), grey matter (GM) and white matter lesions (WML), and relationship with disability, were assessed. Results: Greater increases in T1.T2product in NAWM and GM are associated with disability worsening. Impact: T1, T2 and derived T1.T2product measures are sensitive to disability-relevant tissue damage in recently diagnosed relapsing-remitting MS, and may provide greater insights into underlying pathological change than T1w/T2w intensity ratios.
Shrinking multiple sclerosis lesions are characterized by a more destructive phenotype than expanding lesions
Authors: Bulcke Colin Vanden , Stölting Anna , Macq Benoît , Maggi Pietro
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Slowly expanding lesions (SEL) have gained significant attention as a biomarker of chronic active multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, however, one study1 suggests that all MS lesions tend to shrink over a long period of time. Goal(s): The objective of this work is to investigate the microstructure of expanding lesions (EL), shrinking lesions (SL), and stable lesions. Approach: EL and SL were computed using deformation-based volumetric MRI and microstructure was investigated using quantitative T1 and multi-shell diffusion MRI. Results: SL showed a more destructive phenotype at baseline when compared to EL, while stable lesions were considerably less destructive. Impact: This preliminary study underlies the necessity of considering the full spectrum of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, especially MRI-evolving lesions, whether shrinking or expanding, in MS research to extend our knowledge of the disease pathophysiology.
Torch-Based Fitting for Accelerated Water Residual Removal in MRSI Data.
Authors: Turco Federico , Slotboom Johannes
Published: November 2024

Motivation: This study addresses the time-consuming water residual removal process in MRSI, aiming to expedite it, given the lack of GPU implementation for methods like HLSVD-PRO. Goal(s): We aim to increase water residual removal speed using Torch for GPU-parallelized linear combination model fitting. Approach: Our method utilizes Torch to model and optimize water residuals fitting with 7-Lorentzian profiles. Performance is evaluated with in a large in-vivo dataset, comparing our method to HLSVD-PRO both in efficiency and accuracy. Results: Our approach accelerates water residual removal, outperforming HLSVD-PRO in processing speed by a factor 14x, while mantaining equivalent quantification accuracy, offering promise for MRSI applications. Impact: This study's accelerated water residual removal method in MRSI can benefit scientists and clinicians by reducing processing time. And it opens avenues for more extensive research in the topic.
QA/QC of the unprocessed anatomical, functional, and diffusion MRI data of the Human Connectome PHantom (HCPh) dataset with MRIQC
Authors: Provins Céline , Esteban Oscar
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Reliable neuroimaging pipelines require the implementation of robust QA/QC protocols. Goal(s): Demonstrating a comprehensive QA/QC checkpoint on ‘unprocessed’ data of a mid-size dataset with MRIQC. Approach: We employ MRIQC in the visual assessment and training of automatic QC to identify data that must be excluded or flagged within the ‘Human Connectome PHantom’ (HCPh) project. Results: We developed a QA/QC protocol for unprocessed data within the HCPh project with MRIQC, comprehensively describing predefined exclusion criteria. We then demonstrate the application of the protocol to the corresponding data and report the outcomes.Impact: We demonstrate how to streamline QA in a neuroimaging workflow, establishing robust QA/QC protocols with MRIQC. This approach adds to the tooling available to improve neuroimaging analyses, ensuring more accurate and reproducible results.
An extendable web-based tool for online radiological assessment of imaging protocols
Authors: Chughtai Haroon , Rosa-Grilo Miguel , Thomas David , Solanky Bhavana , Beament Millie , Alexander Daniel , Barkhoff Frederik , Fox Nick , Mummery Catherine , Parker Geoff
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Available online reading tools were not readily extendable for our comparative and inter-rater radiological assessment of an ultra-fast MRI protocol for dementia diagnosis. Goal(s): We sought to develop a review tool to enable scalable, geographically-distributed review of imaging protocols for diagnostic use. Approach: We designed a web-based review tool and evaluated it for our needs, whilst ensuring flexibility for use across MRI studies. Results: We developed the Extendable Review Tool using popular technologies to ease configuration for future studies. We tested the tool using a dementia-specific questionnaire to compare ultra-fast and standard of care MRI scans across a range of contrasts. Impact: Our Extendable Review Tool is customisable for any MRI-based study where geographically-distributed clinical reading of a set of images is needed. As an extendable and flexible web-based tool it has potential to aid a broad range of studies.
Field Camera input to Virtual Phantom (ViP) scanner acquisitions for quality assurance of derived MRI quantities: First Proof-of-Principle.
Authors: Gatehouse Peter , Scott Andrew , Captur Gaby , Usman Muhammad , Mooiweer Ronald , Pennell Dudley , Nielles-Vallespin Sonia
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Quality assurance (QA) of quantities derived from MRI requires elaborate phantoms. Instead, we send modulated RF signals into the scanner representing any initial test object (previous “Virtual Phantom ViP”) avoiding physical phantom difficulties. Goal(s): Proof-of-principle of a novel step for QA of derived quantities, by combining two previous methods: a Field Camera (FC) to govern ViP. Approach: QA compares outputs from the unmodified scanner against the initial object. Tests evaluated the prototype technically, plus a derived QA example: myocardial bloodflow by first-pass contrast-enhanced myocardial perfusion. Results: Phase stability without phase-locking to scanner was marginal, while first demonstrating FC+ViP QA of a derived quantity. Impact: Quality assurance of derived quantities can require elaborate physical phantoms. Instead, we demonstrate novel field camera governance of the unmodified scanner's virtual phantom acquisition, reconstruction and analysis. We call for vendor cooperation in a new standardised inexpensive quality control interface.
Optimizing QSM-T1w Neuroimaging Templates: Exploring the Impact of the Number of Subjects on Template Quality
Authors: Salman Fahad , Bergsland Niels , Dwyer Michael , Weinstock-Guttman Bianca , Zivadinov Robert , Schweser Ferdinand
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Previously, automated delineation of deep gray matter (DGM) regions predominantly relied on T1-weighted (T1w) brain images with limited iron-rich DGM contrast. Multi-contrast atlases incorporating quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) have been introduced to overcome this issue and are increasingly being used in multi-atlas segmentation methods. Goal(s): To determine a generalizable minimum number of subjects to be used for generating high quality QSM-T1w templates. Approach: We quantitatively investigated the effect of increasing (factor=2) the number of subjects (N=10-160) used for template construction on resulting template quality. Results: In highly heterogeneous cohorts, more than 40 subjects result in a diminishing return for QSM-T1w template generation. Impact: Using a small number of subjects for template generation ensures economic use of resources and facilitates the creation of more sub-group templates from the same cohort, to be used in advanced multi-atlas techniques.
Classification of Quality Assessment of MR Spectroscopy Data: Comparing Quantitative and Qualitative Assessments
Authors: McComas Skyler , Joyce Julie , Chen Jessica , Breedlove Katherine , Lin Alexander
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Qualitative assessment of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data is the standard for data quality assessment (DQA), however it's inefficient with high interobservational variability. Goal(s): The goal was to compare qualitative DQA with quantitative DQA (signal to noise ratio (SNR), linewidth (FWHM), and Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLB)), determining if quantitative measures alone are sufficient. Approach: 7,155 spectra were classified on a 5-measure scale with ratings 1 (acceptable) to 5 (rejected). Results: SNR was negatively correlated and FWHM and CRLB were positively correlated with qualitative DQA. Multiple cases showed spectra quantitatively acceptable but qualitatively rejected, demonstrating additional measures are needed for comprehensive DQA. Impact: Providing quantitative analysis for qualitative MR spectroscopy ratings when comparing SNR, FWHM, and CRLB variables will direct the process of quality analysis to demonstrate that additional quantitative DQA measures are needed to provide comprehensive DQA.
Novel synthetic MPRAGElike contrast from Multi-Parameter Mapping at 7T
Authors: Fortin Marc-Antoine , Stirnberg Rüdiger , Völzke Yannik , Lamalle Laurent , Pracht Eberhard , Löwen Daniel , Stöcker Tony , Goa Pål Erik
Published: November 2024

Motivation: MPRAGE is the standard high-resolution T1w sequence used for anatomical MRI. Very few sequences propose such a high Gray-White matter contrast with high-resolution. Goal(s): Propose a novel technique that computes MPRAGElike images if spoiled GRE images with different T1w (and more) contrasts are available. Approach: MPRAGE and Multi-Parameter Mapping (MPM) images were acquired on 16 subjects across three 7T sites. MPM images were used to produce three variations of MPRAGElike and one synMPRAGE images. SNR and CNR were evaluated against the MPRAGE. Results: Our proposed MPRAGElike technique gave larger SNR than MPRAGE in most ROIs while also having superior CNR compared to synMPRAGE. Impact: Neuroscientists with Multi-Parameter Mapping sequences in their protocols can compute MPRAGElike images which exhibit highly similar image quality as a typical MPRAGE and better than one previously reported technique producing synthetic MPRAGE.
A 3D Slicer Extension for Retrospective MP2RAGE Background Suppression
Authors: Braun Henry , Brenny Samuel , Patriat Rémi , Palnitkar Tara , Chandrasekaran Jayashree , Wong Karianne Sretavan , Harel Noam
Published: November 2024

Motivation: MP2RAGE provides enhanced T1-weighted images but contains high-amplitude noise in areas of low signal. This can cause processing pipelines developed for traditional T1 images to fail. A “denoising” algorithm exists, but requires complex-valued image data which are not available retrospectively. Goal(s): Provide an algorithm and easy-to-use interface for eliminating MP2RAGE background noise using only available scanner outputs. Approach: We have developed a 3D Slicer extension for performing noise suppression with only the available MP2RAGE and inversion magnitude images. Results: Our method generates background-suppressed and artifact-free images. The program was tested and optimized to be used with the HCP structural pipeline. Impact: Here, we present a fast easy-to-use 3D Slicer extension for suppressing background noise in MP2RAGE images. It requires no extra phase data, enables users to reprocess already acquired images, and encourages the adoption of MP2RAGE as a primary T1-weighted acquisition.
Reproducibility of estimating total sodium concentration in the putamen and substantia nigra using sodium MRI at 3T
Authors: Liu Peng , He Naying , Wang Yiming , Guo Yinghua , Zhang Zhongping , Yan Fuhua
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Brain sodium (23Na) MRI can provide sodium concentration information in vivo, but there are still some challenges, such as low SNR and relatively low resolution. Goal(s): To assess the reproducibility of total sodium concentration (TSC) evaluation in the putamen and substantia nigra of healthy individuals using 3D 23Na MRI. Approach: Ten healthy subjects were scanned twice consecutively using the 3D TFE UTE and T1W sequence to quantify the TCS in the putamen and substantia nigra. The reproducibility was evaluated. Results: Concentration of sodium in phantoms can be accurately quantified and TSC in putamen, substantia nigra had good consistency for 23Na MRI. Impact: 23Na-MRI shows potential in becoming a stable and useful biomarker for the diagnosis of patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
Investigation of the methionine uptake of glioma cells through deuterium magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Duan Junyi , Wan Qian , Yang Ganghan , Peng Hao , Liu Xin , Zheng Hairong , Li Ye , Zou Chao
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Glioma tumor cells have abnormally higher uptake of methionine, compared to normal brain tissues. Goal(s): To characterize the methionine preference of glioma cells through deuterium magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Approach: Deuterium magnetic resonance spectroscopy in glioma C6 and CTX-TNA2 glial cells incubated by [1-2H3]-methionineResults: Abnormal uptake of deuterated methionine in glioma cells was revealed by using magnetic resonance deuterium spectroscopy, compared to normal cellsImpact: Deuterium magnetic resonance imaging with deuterium labeled methionine may have the potential in accurate diagnosis and treatment assessment of glioma.
Repeatability of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate MRI Cardiac Metabolism Measurements in Humans
Authors: Sinha Avantika , Bennett Anna , Liu Xiaoxi , Bok Robert , Gordon Jeremy , Abraham Roselle , Larson Peder
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Hyperpolarized (HP) 13C-pyruvate MRI is an emerging tool with the potential to provide unprecedented measurements of cardiac metabolism. Goal(s): The goal of this work was to measure the repeatability of HP 13C-pyruvate, which is important for designing clinical trials and identifying opportunities to improve the technique. Approach: Two HP 13C-pyruvate scans were performed in a single session approximately 15 minutes apart in healthy volunteers who were in the fed state. Results: We measured no statistically significant differences between scans and measured the coefficient of variance of metabolism quantifications using pharmacokinetic rate constants. Blood glucose changed between scans and can affect the metabolism measurements. Impact: These assessments of repeatability of Hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate MRI in the human heart will support the design of clinical trials and also guide where potential improvements are required to improve measurements of metabolism.
Task Activation of Human Occipital Lobe Results in Hyperpolarized 13C-Lactate Signal Increase
Authors: Uthayakumar Biranavan , Cappelletto Nicole , Bragagnolo Nadia , Soliman Hany , Chen Albert , Ma Nathan , Tam Fred , Perks William , Endre Ruby , Graham Simon , Keshari Kayvan , Cunningham Charles
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Increases in lactate production are believed to occur in occipital lobe regions in response to visual stimuli. Goal(s): In this study, whole-brain hyperpolarized-13C MRI was used to investigate how a visual stimulus affects occipital lobe 13C-lactate signal in healthy human volunteers. Approach: A set of two hyperpolarized-13C MRI scans were done. Participants (n = 6) viewed a flashing checkerboard stimulus during one of the 13C scans, and had their eyes closed for the second 13C scan. Results: Increased 13C-lactate signal was observed in the visual stimulus scans when compared to the eyes-closed scans in occipital lobe regions relative to non-occipital lobe regions. Impact: We have shown that hyperpolarized-13C MRI is capable of measuring differences in 13C-lactate signal in response to a visual stimuli. These findings support the idea of increases in lactate production in response to stimulus. Future studies will explore other stimuli.
Alterations of functional and structural coupling in patients with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Yue Xipeng , Luo Zhi , Zhang MengYao , Zheng JinYi , Li Ying , Shen Yu , Wei Wei , Bai Yan , Zhang Xianchang , Wang Meiyun
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The abnormal brain areas in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients detected by resting-state functional MRI (RS-fMRI) and 3D-T1 MRI alone are not completely consistent. Goal(s): To explore the structural and functional coupling change in ASD patients. Approach: Correlation analyses were conducted between structural and functional measures of the abnormal brain area in ASD and compared with healthy controls. Results: ASD patients not only had abnormal function in the thalamus and superior frontal gyrus, but also showed the reverse trend of correlation between the gray matter volume and functional indicators compared with healthy controls. Impact: The abnormal function and reverse trend of correlation between the gray matter volume and functional indicators in the thalamus and superior frontal gyrus compared with healthy controls might provide new perspective for deeply understanding neural mechanisms in autism spectrum disorder.
A clinical study of the hippocampus subregion in temporal lobe epilepsy patients with neurite directional dispersion and density imaging
Authors: Yang Wenrui , Chen Bing , Xiong Yuhui
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To explore the microstructural changes of hippocampal subregions in temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE) patients. Goal(s): The microstructure of hippocampal subregion in TLE patients was significantly changed, which would provide imaging basis for the diagnosis of MRI negative TLE patients. Approach: Using neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) combined with automatic segmentation technology to explore TLE changes in microstructure and volume of hippocampal subregion in patients. Results: This study demonstrated the ability of NODDI technique to detect the changes of hippocampal microstructure in TLE patients. NDI may be more able to highlight neuronal damage and fiber recombination in TLE patients. Impact: This study demonstrated the ability of NODDI technique to detect the changes of hippocampal microstructure in TLE patients. NDI may be more able to highlight neuronal damage and fiber recombination in TLE patients.
Correlating radiomic features of the prostate transitional zone with peripheral blood PSA levels
Authors: Pappas Marcus , Wood Dale , Moses Daniel
Published: November 2024

Motivation: In enlarged prostates, attributing increased PSA levels solely to benign hyperplasia is difficult, even with reassuring imaging features. This results in diagnostic ambiguity when PSA is elevated. Goal(s): Create a radiomic signature for accurate PSA level prediction using only imaging characteristicsApproach: T2-weighted prostate images from 100 patients with PIRADS ≤2 were segmented into transitional and peripheral zones using 3D Slicer. Radiomic analysis of transitional zone segments identified MRI features associated with serum PSA. Results: Principal component analysis identified one age-adjusted, independent predictor of PSA levels among seventeen radiomic features. This signature had a significant association with PSA (b=1.651, 95% CI: 1.07-2.24, p<0.001). Impact: The predictive value of our component will allow physicians to identify PSA levels which are not representative of their imaging characteristics which may better inform the need for further investigation
Predicting online plan adaptation strategy using radiomics in MR-guided radiotherapy of localized prostate cancer
Authors: Xue Cindy , Yuan Jing , Poon Darren , Lo Gladys , Yang Bin , Wong Oi Lei
Published: November 2024

Motivation: MRI-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) offers the advantage of superior soft-tissue image contrasts, particularly beneficial for daily online treatment plan adaptation in prostate cancer (PC). However, the decision between “adapt-to-position” (ATP) or “adapt-to-shape” (ATS) is subjective and complicated. Goal(s): This study aims to use radiomics to predict the ATP or ATS adaptation for localized PC. Approach: Daily MRI images from 210 fractions were included. 1023 radiomics features were extracted and used to build a logistic regression model for predicting ATP or ATS adaptations. Results: The MRI radiomics model built was relatively good in objectively predicting ATP and ATS adaptations for MRgRT in localized PC. Impact: Our study showed that MRI radiomics have promising predictive capabilities for determining online adaptation strategies for MRgRT in localized PC. This could enhance workflow efficiency and personalize care by providing quantitative and objective criteria for adaptation strategy determination in MRgRT.
Cloud Computing Service Enabler for MR Workflows Based on Fluwiz
Authors: Kumaran Sundara , Reddy Ashok , Sundaresan Rajagopalan , Karuppiah Srivelayutharaja , N Ravichandar , Joel Suresh , Agarwal Harsh , Venkatesan Ramesh
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Enable computationally expensive processing and dicom image review in cloud with low-cost solution amicable to low and unstable internet connectivity. Goal(s): Utilize Cloud computing(SaaS) and cloud platform service(PaaS) to transfer data in secure and HIPPA compliant manner. Approach: Fluwiz[5] enables HIPAA compliant data transfer to Cloud where MR workflows, reconstruction and post processing algorithms can be implemented. Dicom images are viewed on a cloud based DICOM viewer (Orthanc) or pushed back to the local PACS. Results: The data was pushed to cloud using Rasberry PI 3 edge gateway device and image is viewed using Orthanc’s web based image viewer StoneViewer[6]. Impact: Low cost solution to transfer the raw MR data to the cloud in secure and HIPPA compliant manner would help latest advancements in MR imaging to remote parts of the world where internet bandwidth itself can be challenging
NORDIC denoising on VASO data
Authors: Knudsen Lasse , Vizioli Luca , De Martino Federico , Faes Lonike , Handwerker Daniel , Moeller Steen , Bandettini Peter , Huber Laurentius
Published: November 2024

Motivation: NORDIC denoising can effectively enhance the limited SNR in high-resolution fMRI. However, its application on VASO is yet to be validated. Goal(s): We aimed to evaluate applications of NORDIC on VASO data and to offer recommendations for its execution. Approach: We examined NORDIC’s capability to suppress noise while preserving the VASO signal across a wide parameter spectrum Results: With a proper set of parameters, NORDIC effectively suppressed noise with minimal biases on the underlying signal. Impact: NORDIC can substantially enhance the SNR in submillimeter VASO fMRI. We found the denoising performance to be sensitive to parameter choices and provide recommendations for safe execution.
Study on the changes in low-frequency amplitude and regional homogeneity of the cerebral cortex in children with congenital deafness.
Authors: Yin Yi , Huang Ming , Zhou Jian , Wang Zheng , Du Xia , Lv Xin , Cheng Yong , Gao Bo
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To investigate the changes in low frequency fluctuation amplitude (mALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) in the brains of children with congenital Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) by resting state fMRI. Goal(s): The primary objective of this research was to improve understanding of the changes in neural functional activity within the cortical regions of SNHL patients during a resting state. Approach: The study's goal is to establish a neuroimaging pathological foundation, which could potentially provide significant neuroimaging biomarkers. Results: These biomarkers could aid in the clinical selection of appropriate candidates for cochlear implantation (CI), thereby enhancing the effectiveness of this therapeutic intervention. Impact: The findings offer a fresh insight into the neuropathological mechanisms that drive functional reorganization in the cerebral cortex of children with congenital deafness after auditory deprivation. Moreover, these results provide valuable neuroimaging evidence for assessing the prognosis of post-CI patients.