bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevotella aurantiaca sp. nov., isolated from the human oral cavity
Authors: Sakamoto Mitsuo , Suzuki Natsuko , Okamoto Masaaki
Published: November 2009

Two anaerobic, pigmented, non-spore-forming, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped strains isolated from the human oral cavity, OMA31Tand OMA130, were characterized by determining their phenotypic and biochemical features, cellular fatty acid profiles and phylogenetic positions based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the new isolates belonged to a single species of the genusPrevotella. The two isolates showed 100 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with each other and were most closely related toPrevotella intermediaATCC 25611Twith 96.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity; the next most closely related strains to the isolates werePrevotella pallensAHN 10371T(96.1 %) andPrevotella falseniiJCM 15124T(95.3 %). Phenotypic and biochemical characteristics of the isolates were the same as those ofP. intermediaJCM 12248T,P. falseniiJCM 15124TandPrevotella nigrescensJCM 12250T. The isolates could be differentiated fromP. pallensJCM 11140Tby mannose fermentation andα-fucosidase activity. Conventional biochemical tests were unable to differentiate the new isolates fromP. intermedia,P. falseniiandP. nigrescens. However,hsp60gene sequence analysis suggested that strain OMA31Twas not a representative ofP. intermedia,P. pallens,P. falseniiorP. nigrescens. Based on these data, a novel species of the genusPrevotella,Prevotella aurantiacasp. nov., is proposed, with OMA31T(=JCM 15754T=CCUG 57723T) as the type strain.
Isoptericola jiangsuensis sp. nov., a chitin-degrading bacterium
Authors: Wu Ying , Li Wen-Jun , Tian Wei , Zhang Li-Ping , Xu Lian , Shen Qi-Rong , Shen Biao
Published: November 2009

A Gram-positive-staining, non-motile, rod- or coccoid-shaped bacterium, strain CLGT, was isolated from beach sand from Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, PR China. The organism grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 7.0. Strain CLGTcontainedl-Lys–d-Asp as the peptidoglycan type and galactose, rhamnose and xylose as the whole-cell sugars. It contained anteiso-C15 : 0and iso-C15 : 0as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol, three phosphoglycolipids and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content was 70.3 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of strain CLGTwithIsoptericola dokdonensisDS-3Twas 99.4 % but the DNA–DNA relatedness between strain CLGTandI. dokdonensisDS-3Twas 58.7 %. There were also many phenotypic properties that distinguished strain CLGTfrom recognized species of the genusIsoptericola. The results showed that strain CLGTrepresents a novel species of the genusIsoptericola, for which the nameIsoptericola jiangsuensissp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CLGT(=DSM 21863T=CCTCC AB208287T).
Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, sulfur-oxidizing gammaproteobacterium from hypersaline lakes, that utilizes thiocyanate
Authors: Sorokin Dimitry Yu. , Kovaleva Olga L. , Tourova Tatjana P. , Muyzer Gerard
Published: November 2009

A moderately halophilic, obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium, designated strain HRh1T, was obtained from mixed sediment samples from hypersaline chloride–sulfate lakes in the Kulunda Steppe, in south-western Siberia (Russia), using aerobic enrichment culture at 1 M NaCl with thiocyanate as substrate. Cells of the isolate were short, non-motile rods with a Gram-negative type of cell wall. The bacterium was an obligate aerobe capable of chemolithoautotrophic growth with thiocyanate and thiosulfate. With thiosulfate, it grew at NaCl concentrations of 0.2–3.0 M (optimum 0.5 M) and at pH 6.3–8.0 (optimum pH 7.3–7.5). During growth on thiocyanate, cyanate was identified as an intermediate. The dominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0and C18 : 1ω7. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing placed the isolate in the classGammaproteobacteriaas an independent lineage, with an unclassified marine sulfur-oxidizing bacterium as the closest culturable relative (93 % sequence similarity). A singlecbbLgene (coding for the key enzyme of the Calvin–Benson cycle of autotrophic CO2assimilation) with relatively low similarity to any homologous genes found in chemolithoautotrophs was detected in strain HRh1T. On the basis of our phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis, the halophilic isolate is proposed to represent a new genus and novel species,Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticusgen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain ofThiohalobacter thiocyanaticusis HRh1T(=DSM 21152T=UNIQEM U249T).
Roseovarius nanhaiticus sp. nov., a member of the Roseobacter clade isolated from marine sediment
Authors: Wang Baojiang , Sun Fengqin , Lai Qiliang , Du Yaping , Liu Xiupian , Li Guangyu , Luo Jie , Shao Zongze
Published: November 2009

An aerobic, Gram-staining-negative, rod or ovoid-shaped bacterial isolate, strain NH52JT, was isolated from a sandy sediment sample from the South China Sea. Strain NH52JTexhibited tumbling motility, formed beige or faint pink colonies, gave a positive reaction in tests for catalase and oxidase and required NaCl for growth. Optimal growth was observed at pH 7.8–9.3, at 30 °C and in the presence of 2.0–4.0 % (w/v) NaCl. The novel strain did not synthesize bacteriochlorophylla, and the DNA G+C content was 62 %. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0and C18 : 1ω7c11-methyl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain NH52JTwas affiliated to the genusRoseovariusof the classAlphaproteobacteria.Roseovarius pacificusandRoseovarius aestuariiwere the most closely related recognized species to strain NH52JTwith 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 95.0 and 95.7 %, respectively. Sequence similarity values between strain NH52JTand other phylogenetically related species were all below 95.0 %. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data presented, strain NH52JTis considered to represent a novel species of the genusRoseovarius,for which the nameRoseovarius nanhaiticussp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NH52JT(=LMG 24840T=CCTCC AB 208317T=MCCC 1A03543T).
Halopiger aswanensis sp. nov., a polymer-producing and extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from hypersaline soil
Authors: Hezayen F. F. , Gutiérrez M. C. , Steinbüchel A. , Tindall B. J. , Rehm B. H. A.
Published: November 2009

Strain 56Twas isolated from a hypersaline soil in Aswan (Egypt). Cells were pleomorphic rods. The organism was neutrophilic, motile and required at least 1.7 M (10 % w/v) NaCl, but not MgCl2, for growth; optimal growth occurred at ≥3.8 M (≥22.5 %) NaCl. The strain was thermotolerant with an optimum temperature for growth of 40 °C, although growth was possible up to 55 °C. The G+C content of the DNA of the novel strain was 67.1 mol%.16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain 56Twas a member of the phyletic group defined by the familyHalobacteriaceae, showing the highest similarity toHalopiger xanaduensisSH-6T(99 %) and the next highest similarity of 94 % to other members of the familyHalobacteriaceae. DNA–DNA hybridization revealed 27 % relatedness between strain 56TandHpg. xanaduensisSH-6T. Polar lipid analysis revealed the presence of the bis-sulfated glycolipid S2-DGD-1 as the sole glycolipid and the absence of the glycerol diether analogue phosphatidylglycerosulfate. Both C20 . 20and C20 . 25core lipids were present. Strain 56Taccumulated large amounts of polyhydroxybutyrate and also secreted an exopolymer. Physiological and biochemical differences suggested thatHpg. xanaduanesisand strain 56Twere sufficiently different to be separated into two distinct species. It is suggested that strain 56Trepresents a novel species of the genusHalopiger, for which the nameHalopiger aswanensissp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain 56T(=DSM 13151T=JCM 11628T).
Bryobacter aggregatus gen. nov., sp. nov., a peat-inhabiting, aerobic chemo-organotroph from subdivision 3 of the Acidobacteria
Authors: Kulichevskaya Irina S. , Suzina Natalia E. , Liesack Werner , Dedysh Svetlana N.
Published: November 2009

Bryobacter aggregatus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate three strains of slowly growing, chemo-organotrophic bacteria isolated from acidic Sphagnum peat bogs. These bacteria were strictly aerobic, Gram-negative, colourless, non-motile coccoids or short rods that multiplied by normal cell division and formed irregularly shaped cell aggregates. Strains MPL3T, MPL1011 and MOB76 were acidotolerant, mesophilic organisms capable of growth at pH 4.5–7.2 and between 4 and 33 °C (optimum growth at pH 5.5–6.5 and 22–28 °C). The preferred growth substrates were sugars, some heteropolysaccharides and galacturonic and glucuronic acids, which are released during decomposition of Sphagnum moss. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1
ω7c); the major quinones were MK-9 and MK-10. The DNA G+C content was 55.5–56.5 mol%. Strains MPL3T, MPL1011 and MOB76 possessed nearly identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and belonged to the phylum Acidobacteria. They represent the first taxonomically characterized members of acidobacterial subdivision 3 and display only 81.7–86.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to other members of the Acidobacteria with validly published names. Therefore, strains MPL3T, MPL1011 and MOB76 are classified as representatives of a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Bryobacter aggregatus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; strain MPL3T (=ATCC BAA-1390T =DSM 18758T) is the type strain of Bryobacter aggregatus.
Limnohabitans curvus gen. nov., sp. nov., a planktonic bacterium isolated from a freshwater lake
Authors: Hahn Martin W. , Kasalický Vojtěch , Jezbera Jan , Brandt Ulrike , Jezberová Jitka , Šimek Karel
Published: November 2009

A chemo-organotrophic, aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile strain, MWH-C5T, isolated from the water column of the oligomesotrophic Lake Mondsee (Austria), was characterized phenotypically, phylogenetically and chemotaxonomically. The predominant fatty acids of the strain were C16 : 1
ω7c/ω6c, C16 : 0, C12 : 1 and C8 : 0-3OH, the major quinone was ubiquinone Q-8 and the G+C content of the DNA of the strain was 55.5 mol%. 16S rRNA gene similarity to the closest related type strains was 96.6 % (Curvibacter delicatus LMG 4328T) and 95.7 % (Rhodoferax fermentans FR3T). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed the affiliation of the strain with the family Comamonadaceae (Betaproteobacteria); however, the phylogenetic position of the strain did not support an affiliation to any previously described genus within this family. A family-wide comparison of traits revealed that the strain possesses a unique combination of DNA G+C content, major fatty acids and major 3-hydroxy fatty acid. Furthermore, the strain differs in several traits from the closest related genera. Based on the phylogeny of the strain and differences from closely related genera, we propose to establish the new genus and species Limnohabitans curvus gen. nov., sp. nov. to accommodate this strain. The type strain of Limnohabitans curvus is MWH-C5T (=DSM 21645T =CCUG 56720T). The type strain is closely related to a large number of uncultured bacteria detected by cultivation-independent methods in various freshwater systems.
Parapedobacter luteus sp. nov. and Parapedobacter composti sp. nov., isolated from cotton waste compost
Authors: Kim Soo-Jin , Weon Hang-Yeon , Kim Yi-Seul , Yoo Seung-Hee , Kim Byung-Yong , Anandham Rangasamy , Kwon Soon-Wo
Published: November 2009

Two aerobic, Gram-reaction-negative, non-spore-forming bacterial strains, 4M29T and 4M40T, were isolated from cotton composts. The two strains grew in the presence of 0–5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum growth in the absence of NaCl), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and at 15–45 °C (optimum, 30 °C). The strains shared 97.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Strains 4M29T and 4M40T showed the next highest levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Parapedobacter koreensis Jip14T (95.6 and 94.4 %, respectively) and Parapedobacter soli DCY14T (95.2 and 93.8 %). The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strains 4M29T and 4M40T was 38 %. The two strains contained iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1
ω7c) and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as major fatty acids, MK-7 as the major respiratory quinone, homospermidine as the only polyamine and phosphatidylethanolamine as the major polar lipid. The DNA G+C contents of strains 4M29T and 4M40T were 47.6 and 48.6 mol%, respectively. On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic data, strains 4M29T and 4M40T are considered to represent two novel species of the genus Parapedobacter, for which the names Parapedobacter luteus sp. nov. (type strain 4M29T =KACC 10955T =JCM 15977T) and Parapedobacter composti sp. nov. (type strain 4M40T =KACC 10972T =JCM 15978T) are proposed.
Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus sp. nov., a xylan-degrading bacterium isolated from forest humus
Authors: Lee Chang Soo , Jung Yong-Taek , Park Sooyeon , Oh Tae-Kwang , Yoon Jung-Hoon
Published: November 2009

A novel xylan-degrading bacterium, designated XDB9T, was isolated from forest humus collected from Gyeryong Mountain in Korea. Cells were Gram-positive, aerobic, motile and endospore-forming rods. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain XDB9Twas most closely related to members of the genusLysinibacillus. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain XDB9Tand the type strains of species of the genusLysinibacillusranged from 98.0 to 98.5 %. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type of strain XDB9Twas A4α, which is based onl-Lys–d-Asp. Strain XDB9Tcontained iso-C15 : 0and C16 : 1ω7calcohol as the major fatty acids and MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content was 37.2 mol%. The DNA–DNA hybridization results and differential phenotypic properties showed that strain XDB9Tcould be distinguished from recognized species of the genusLysinibacillus. It was concluded that strain XDB9Trepresents a new taxon for which the nameLysinibacillus xylanilyticussp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XDB9T(=KCTC 13423T=CCUG 57438T).
Gram-negative bacteria associated with brewery yeasts: reclassification of Obesumbacterium proteus biogroup 2 as Shimwellia pseudoproteus gen. nov., sp. nov., and transfer of Escherichia blattae to Shimwellia blattae comb. nov.
Authors: Priest Fergus G. , Barker Margaret
Published: November 2009

Phylogenetic analyses of type and reference strains of Obesumbacterium proteus biogroups 1 and 2 plus a novel isolate of biogroup 2 were carried out based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and partial sequences of four protein-coding genes (fusA, leuS, pyrG and rpoB). Both approaches revealed that O. proteus biogroup 1 strains were closely related to Hafnia alvei. Biogroup 2 strains, however, formed a distinct monophyletic clade of generic status that included Escherichia blattae. Phenotypic tests were consistent with the molecular classification and provided diagnostic features. It is proposed that biogroup 2 strains be placed in a new genus, Shimwellia gen. nov., as Shimwellia pseudoproteus sp. nov., with strain 521T (=DSM 3038T=LMG 24835T=NCIMB 14534T) as the type strain, and that Escherichia blattae be transferred to the genus Shimwellia as Shimwellia blattae comb. nov., with strain ATCC 29907T (=DSM 4481T) as the type strain.
Chelatococcus sambhunathii sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic alphaproteobacterium isolated from hot spring sediment
Authors: Panday Digvijay , Das Subrata K.
Published: November 2009

A moderately thermophilic bacterial strain (HT4T) isolated from a hot spring sediment was characterized phenotypically and phylogenetically. Cells were Gram-negative, aerobic, non-sporulating, rod-shaped and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Both oxidase and catalase activities were positive. Heterotrophic growth was observed at pH 6.0–8.5 and at 20–50 °C; optimum growth occurred at pH 7.5–8.0 and 37–42 °C. The major cellular fatty acids were C14 : 0 3-OH, C18 : 0 3-OH, C18 : 1 2-OH, C18 : 1
ω7c and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c. The DNA G+C content of strain HT4T was 67.8 mol%.16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain HT4T clustered within the radiation of the genus Chelatococcus and showed 99.0 % similarity with Chelatococcus daeguensis CCUG 54519T and 96 % similarity with Chelatococcus asaccharovorans DSM 6462T. However, levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain HT4T and Chelatococcus daeguensis CCUG 54519T and Chelatococcus asaccharovorans DSM 6462T were 52 and 20 %, respectively. On the basis of the phenotypic, physiological and chemotaxonomic data, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA–DNA hybridization results, strain HT4T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Chelatococcus, for which the name Chelatococcus sambhunathii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HT4T (=DSM 18167T=JCM 14988T).
Lentibacillus jeotgali sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from traditional Korean fermented seafood
Authors: Jung Mi-Ja , Roh Seong Woon , Kim Min-Soo , Bae Jin-Woo
Published: November 2009

A novel, Gram-positive, non-motile, endospore-forming and moderately halophilic bacterium, strain GrbiT, was isolated from a traditional Korean fermented seafood. The organism grew optimally in the presence of 10–15 % NaCl, at 37 °C and pH 8.0. The peptidoglycan of the cell wall consisted ofmeso-diaminopimelic acid, and the predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The major fatty acids of strain GrbiTwere iso-C16 : 0(36.4 %), anteiso-C15 : 0(30.3 %) and iso-C14 : 0(18.2 %). The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified glycolipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 42.5 mol%. Strain GrbiTwas most closely related to the type strainLentibacillus kapialisJCM 12580T, with which it shared 97.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The DNA–DNA hybridization value between strains GrbiTandL. kapialisJCM 12580Twas 8 %. Based on phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic data, strain GrbiTshould be classified as a novel species within the genusLentibacillus, for which the nameLentibacillus jeotgalisp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GrbiT(=KCTC 13300T=JCM 15795T).
Cohnella yongneupensis sp. nov. and Cohnella ginsengisoli sp. nov., isolated from two different soils
Authors: Kim Soo-Jin , Weon Hang-Yeon , Kim Yi-Seul , Anandham Rangasamy , Jeon Young-Ah , Hong Seung-Beom , Kwon Soon-Wo
Published: November 2009

Two aerobic, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterial strains, 5YN10-14T and GR21-5T, were isolated from the Yongneup wetland and ginseng soil in Korea, respectively. The two strains formed ellipsoidal or oval spores positioned centrally or paracentrally in swollen sporangia. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, these strains were related to members of the genus Cohnella. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strains 5YN10-14T and GR21-5T was 95.9 %. Strains 5YN10-14T and GR21-5T showed, respectively, 94.3 and 95.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Cohnella thermotolerans CCUG 47242T, 94.6 and 94.4 % to Cohnella hongkongensis HKU3T, 94.7 and 94.7 % to Cohnella laeviribosi RI-39T, and 95.4 and 94.8 % to Cohnella phaseoli GSPC1T. The major fatty acids of strain 5YN10-14T were anteiso-C15 : 0 (51.1 %), iso-C16 : 0 (18.5 %) and C16 : 0 (13.2 %), and the major fatty acids of strain GR21-5T were anteiso-C15 : 0 (48.9 %), iso-C16 : 0 (15.0 %) and iso-C15 : 0 (12.2 %). The two strains contained menaquinone with seven isoprene units (MK-7) as the predominant quinone, and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine as major polar lipids; however, strain 5YN10-14T also contained lysylphosphatidylglycerol as a major polar lipid, whereas strain GR21-5T had an unknown aminophospholipid as another major polar lipid. The DNA G+C contents of strains 5YN10-14T and GR21-5T were 58.8 and 61.3 mol%, respectively. Based on the results of the phylogenetic and phenotypic data presented, it was concluded that the two strains represent two novel species of the genus Cohnella, for which the names Cohnella yongneupensis sp. nov. (type strain 5YN10-14T=KACC 11768T=DSM 18998T) and Cohnella ginsengisoli sp. nov. (type strain GR21-5T=KACC 11771T=DSM 18997T) are proposed.
Jeotgalicoccus huakuii sp. nov., a halotolerant bacterium isolated from seaside soil
Authors: Guo Xin-Qiang , Li Rong , Zheng Liu-Qiang , Lin Dong-Qing , Sun Ji-Quan , Li Shun-Peng , Li Wen-Jun , Jiang Jian-Dong
Published: November 2009

A Gram-stain-positive, oxidase- and catalase-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, halotolerant, coccoid bacterium, designated strain NY-2T, was isolated from a seaside soil sample from Shandong Province, China. Strain NY-2Twas able to grow in the presence of 0–23 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 4.5–10.0 and 5–42 °C; optimum growth was observed with 3–8 % (w/v) total salts and at pH 6.5–8.0 and 28–37 °C. Chemotaxonomic analyses, including fatty acid profiles, menaquinones and polar lipids, supported the affiliation of strain NY-2Tto the genusJeotgalicoccus. The predominant menaquinone of strain NY-2Twas menaquinone 7 (MK-7) (100 %) and the major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0(49.0 %) and anteiso-C15 : 0(19.6 %). Cellular polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and several unidentified phospholipids. The DNA G+C content of strain NY-2Twas 36.8 mol%. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain NY-2Tformed a coherent cluster withJeotgalicoccus marinusJSM 076033T,Jeotgalicoccus halotoleransYKJ-101TandJeotgalicoccus psychrophilusYKJ-115T. Phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA relatedness data, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data indicated that strain NY-2T(=CCTCC AB 208288T=JCM 15687T) should be classified as the type strain of a novel species of the genusJeotgalicoccus, for which the nameJeotgalicoccus huakuiisp. nov. is proposed.
Acinetobacter bereziniae sp. nov. and Acinetobacter guillouiae sp. nov., to accommodate Acinetobacter genomic species 10 and 11, respectively
Authors: Nemec Alexandr , Musílek Martin , Šedo Ondrej , De Baere Thierry , Maixnerová Martina , van der Reijden Tanny J. K. , Zdráhal Zbyněk , Vaneechoutte Mario , Dijkshoorn Lenie
Published: November 2009

Acinetobacter genospecies (genomic species) 10 and 11 were described by Bouvet and Grimont in 1986 on the basis of DNA–DNA reassociation studies and comprehensive phenotypic analysis. In the present study, the names Acinetobacter bereziniae sp. nov. and Acinetobacter guillouiae sp. nov., respectively, are proposed for these genomic species based on the congruence of results of polyphasic analysis of 33 strains (16 and 17 strains of genomic species 10 and 11, respectively). All strains were investigated by selective restriction fragment amplification (i.e. AFLP) analysis rpoB sequence analysis, amplified rDNA restriction analysis and tDNA intergenic length polymorphism analysis, and their nutritional and physiological properties were determined. Subsets of the strains were studied by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS or had been classified previously by DNA–DNA reassociation. Results indicate that A. bereziniae and A. guillouiae represent two phenetically and phylogenetically distinct groups within the genus Acinetobacter. Based on the comparative analysis of housekeeping genes (16S rRNA and rpoB genes), these species together represent a monophyletic branch within the genus. Despite their overall phenotypic similarity, the ability to oxidize d-glucose and to grow at 38 °C can be used in the presumptive differentiation of these two species from each other: with the exception of three strains that were positive for only one test, A. bereziniae strains were positive for both tests, whereas A. guillouiae strains were negative in these tests. The strains of A. bereziniae originated mainly from human clinical specimens, whereas A. guillouiae strains were isolated from different environmental sources in addition to human specimens. The type strain of A. bereziniae sp. nov. is LMG 1003T (=CIP 70.12T =ATCC 17924T) and that of A. guillouiae sp. nov. is LMG 988T (=CIP 63.46T =ATCC 11171T =CCUG 2491T).
Enterobacter arachidis sp. nov., a plant-growth-promoting diazotrophic bacterium isolated from rhizosphere soil of groundnut
Authors: Madhaiyan Munusamy , Poonguzhali Selvaraj , Lee Jung-Sook , Saravanan Venkatakrishnan Sivaraj , Lee Keun-Chul , Santhanakrishnan Palani
Published: November 2009

A methylotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacterial strain, Ah-143T, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of field-grown groundnut was analysed by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis combined withrpoBgene sequence analysis allocated strain Ah-143Tto the familyEnterobacteriaceae, withEnterobacter radicincitansandEnterobacter cowaniias the closest relatives. The strain is Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic and motile, having straight rod-shaped cells with a DNA G+C content of approximately 53.2 mol%. The strain utilizes methanol as a carbon source and themxaFgene was closely related to themxaFgene of members of the genusMethylobacterium. The fatty acid profile consisted of C16 : 0, C17 : 0cyclo, C18 : 1ω7c, summed feature 2 (iso-C16 : 1I and/or C14 : 03-OH) and summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 02-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c) as the major components. DNA–DNA relatedness of strain Ah-143Twith its close relatives was less than 20 %. On the basis of the phylogenetic analyses, DNA–DNA hybridization data, and unique physiological and biochemical characteristics, it is proposed that the strain represents a novel species of the genusEnterobacterand should be namedEnterobacter arachidissp. nov. The type strain is Ah-143T(=NCIMB 14469T=KCTC 22375T).
Desulfovibrio butyratiphilus sp. nov., a Gram-negative, butyrate-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from an anaerobic municipal sewage sludge digester
Authors: Suzuki Daisuke , Ueki Atsuko , Shizuku Toshiko , Ohtaki Yoshimi , Ueki Katsuji
Published: November 2009

Strictly anaerobic, mesophilic, sulfate-reducing bacterial strains were isolated from two anaerobic municipal sewage sludge digesters. One representative strain (BSYT) was characterized phenotypically and phylogenetically. Cells were Gram-negative, motile by means of a single polar flagellum, non-spore-forming, curved rods. Cells had desulfoviridin and cytochrome type c. Catalase and oxidase activities were not detected. The optimum NaCl concentration for growth was 0.5 % (w/v). The optimum temperature was 35 °C and the optimum pH was 7.1. Strain BSYT utilized butyrate, 2-methylbutyrate, valerate, pyruvate, lactate, ethanol, 1-propanol, butanol and H2 as electron donors for sulfate reduction. This strain grew lithoautotrophically with H2/CO2 under sulfate-reducing conditions. Most organic electron donors were incompletely oxidized to mainly acetate, whereas 2-methylbutyrate and valerate were oxidized to equivalent amounts of acetate and propionate. Strain BSYT utilized thiosulfate as an electron acceptor, and grew with pyruvate in the absence of electron acceptors. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain BSYT was 63.3 mol%. Menaquinone MK-6(H2) was the major respiratory quinone. Major cellular fatty acids were C14 : 0, C16 : 0, C16 : 1
ω7 and C18 : 1
ω7. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and dissimilatory sulfite-reductase β-subunit gene sequences assigned strain BSYT to the genus Desulfovibrio in the family Desulfovibrionaceae within the class Deltaproteobacteria. Its closest recognized relative based on 16S rRNA gene sequences was the type strain of Desulfovibrio putealis (95.3 % similarity). On the basis of significant differences in 16S rRNA gene sequences and phenotypic characteristics, the sewage sludge strains are considered to represent a single novel species of the genus Desulfovibrio, for which the name Desulfovibrio butyratiphilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BSYT (=JCM 15519T=DSM 21556T).
Prauserella marina sp. nov., isolated from ocean sediment of the South China Sea
Authors: Wang Jian , Li Yan , Bian Jiang , Tang Shu-Kun , Ren Biao , Chen Ming , Li Wen-Jun , Zhang Li-Xin
Published: November 2009

A novel actinomycete strain, designated MS498T, was isolated from an ocean sediment sample collected from the South China Sea. It was subjected to a polyphasic analysis to determine its taxonomic position. The phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MS498T had the highest similarity (96.5 %) with members of the genus Prauserella and was loosely associated with Prauserella rugosa DSM 43194T and Saccharomonospora halophila DSM 44411T. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data, the new isolate is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Prauserella, named Prauserella marina sp. nov. (type strain MS498T=CCTCC AA 208056T =DSM 45268T).
An SSU rDNA barcoding approach to the diversity of marine interstitial cercozoans, including descriptions of four novel genera and nine novel species
Authors: Chantangsi Chitchai , Leander Brian S.
Published: November 2009

Environmental DNA surveys have revealed a great deal of hidden diversity within the Cercozoa. An investigation into the biodiversity of heterotrophic flagellates in marine benthic habitats of British Columbia, Canada, demonstrated the presence of several undescribed taxa with morphological features that resemble the cercozoan genera Cryothecomonas and Protaspis. Nine novel species of marine interstitial cercozoans are described that are distributed into five genera, four of which are new. Phylogenetic analyses of small subunit rDNA sequences derived from two uncultured isolates of Protaspis obliqua and nine novel cercozoan species (within four novel genera) provided organismal anchors that helped establish the cellular identities of several different environmental sequence clades. These data, however, also showed that the rarity of distinctive morphological features in cryomonads, and other groups of cercozoans, makes the identification and systematics of the group very difficult. Therefore, a DNA barcoding approach was applied as a diagnostic tool for species delimitation that used a 618 bp region at the 5′ end of the SSU rDNA sequence. Nucleotide sequence analysis of this region showed high intergeneric sequence divergences of about 7 % and very low intraspecific sequence divergences of 0–0.5 %; phylogenetic analyses inferred from this barcoding region showed very similar tree topologies to those inferred from the full-length sequence of the gene. Overall, this study indicated that the 618 bp barcoding region of SSU rDNA sequences is a useful molecular signature for understanding the biodiversity and interrelationships of marine benthic cercozoans.
Nautilia nitratireducens sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic, chemosynthetic, nitrate-ammonifying bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent
Authors: Pérez-Rodríguez Ileana , Ricci Jessica , Voordeckers James W. , Starovoytov Valentin , Vetriani Costantino
Published: November 2009

A thermophilic, anaerobic, chemosynthetic bacterium, designated strain MB-1T, was isolated from the walls of an active deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney on the East Pacific Rise at  ° 50′ N 10 ° 17′ W. The cells were Gram-negative-staining rods, approximately 1–1.5 μm long and 0.3–0.5 μm wide. Strain MB-1Tgrew at 25–65 °C (optimum 55 °C), with 10–35 g NaCl l−1(optimum 20 g l−1) and at pH 4.5–8.5 (optimum pH 7.0). Generation time under optimal conditions was 45.6 min. Growth occurred under chemolithoautotrophic conditions with H2as the energy source and CO2as the carbon source. Nitrate was used as the electron acceptor, with resulting production of ammonium. Thiosulfate, sulfur and selenate were also used as electron acceptors. No growth was observed in the presence of lactate, peptone or tryptone. Chemo-organotrophic growth occurred in the presence of acetate, formate, Casamino acids, sucrose, galactose and yeast extract under a N2/CO2gas phase. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 36.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that this organism is closely related toNautilia profundicolaAmHT,Nautilia abyssiPH1209TandNautilia lithotrophica525T(95, 94 and 93 % sequence identity, respectively). On the basis of phylogenetic, physiological and genetic considerations, it is proposed that the organism represents a novel species within the genusNautilia,Nautilia nitratireducenssp. nov. The type strain is MB-1T(=DSM 22087T=JCM 15746T).
Gulbenkiania indica sp. nov., isolated from a sulfur spring
Authors: Jyoti V. , Narayan Kunwar Digvijay , Das Subrata K.
Published: November 2009

A novel bacterium, designated strain HT27T, was isolated from a sulfur spring sample collected from Athamallik, Orissa, India, and was characterized by using a polyphasic approach. Cells were Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Strain HT27T was oxidase- and catalase-positive. Growth was observed at pH 5.0–11.0 and at 15–45 °C; the highest growth yield was observed at pH 7.5–8.0 and 30–37 °C. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain HT27T was 63 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 1
ω7c (44.24 %), C16 : 0 (27.65 %), C18 : 1
ω7c (13.98 %), C12 : 0 (2.60 %) and C12 : 0 3-OH (2.22 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain HT27T clustered with the genus Gulbenkiania and showed 99.0 % similarity to Gulbenkiania mobilis E4FC31T. However, the level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain HT27T and G. mobilis E4FC31T was 30 %. On the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA–DNA hybridization data, strain HT27T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Gulbenkiania, for which the name Gulbenkiania indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HT27T (=DSM 17901T =JCM 15969T).
Mesorhizobium alhagi sp. nov., isolated from wild Alhagi sparsifolia in north-western China
Authors: Chen Wei-Min , Zhu Wen-Fei , Bontemps Cyril , Young J. Peter W. , Wei Ge Hong
Published: November 2009

Eleven strains that formed symbiotic root nodules onAlhagi sparsifolia, designated previously as genospecies II, were identified as a new lineage ofMesorhizobium(Alphaproteobacteria) that could be differentiated from all previously recognized species of the genusMesorhizobiumby using 16S rRNA gene sequences (<97.8 % similarity), DNA–DNA hybridization (<45 %),dnaJ,dnaK,recA,glnA,nifH,nodAandnodCgene sequences, fatty acid profiles (C18 : 1ω7c, 35 %;11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c, 30 %) and numerical taxonomy. These strains are therefore considered to represent a novel species, for which the nameMesorhizobium alhagisp. nov. is proposed, with isolate CCNWXJ12-2T(=ACCC 15461T=HAMBI 3019T) as the type strain.
Micromonospora marina sp. nov., isolated from sea sand
Authors: Tanasupawat Somboon , Jongrungruangchok Suchada , Kudo Takuji
Published: November 2009

Two actinomycete strains, JSM1-1T and JSM1-3, were isolated from sea sand collected in Thailand. Their taxonomic position was determined using a polyphasic approach. The chemotaxonomic characteristics of these strains coincided with those of the genus Micromonospora, i.e. the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid and N-glycolyl muramic acid in the peptidoglycan, whole cell sugar pattern D, phospholipids type II, and cellular fatty acid type 3b. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed a close relationship between strains JSM1-1T and JSM1-3 (99.8 %), and between JSM1-1T and Micromonospora aurantiaca JCM 10878T (99.3 %), Micromonospora chalcea JCM 3031T (99.0 %), and Micromonospora coxensis JCM 13248 T (99.0 %). However, strains JSM1-1T and JSM1-3 could be clearly distinguished from these type strains by a low DNA–DNA relatedness and by phenotypic differences. On the basis of the data presented, a new species, Micromonospora marina sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is JSM1-1T (=JCM 12870T =PCU 269T =TISTR 1566T).
Celeribacter neptunius gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the class Alphaproteobacteria
Authors: Ivanova Elena P. , Webb Hayden , Christen Richard , Zhukova Natalia V. , Kurilenko Valeriya V. , Kalinovskaya Nataliya I. , Crawford Russell J.
Published: November 2009

A whitish Gram-negative, motile, aerobic bacterium, designated strain H 14T, was isolated from seawater collected at St Kilda beach in Port Phillip Bay, Melbourne, Australia. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the organism belonged to the Roseobacter lineage of the class Alphaproteobacteria, forming a distinct evolutionary lineage at the genus level. Strain H 14T was distantly related to the genera Nautella, Ruegeria and Pseudoruegeria (family Rhodobacteraceae). Strain H 14T was unable to degrade gelatin, casein, chitin, agar and starch, did not produce any carotenoids, did not possess bacteriochlorophyll a and had a limited ability to utilize carbon sources. Strain H 14T grew with concentrations of 1–8 % (w/v) NaCl and over a temperature range of 5–35 °C. Phosphatidylglycerol was the major phospholipid (90 %); phosphatidylcholine (7.9 %) and phosphatidylethanolamine (2.0 %) were present in minor quantities. The predominant fatty acids were C18 : 1
ω7c (82.4 %), C18 : 1
ω9c (5.1 %) and C18 : 0 (3.8 %). The DNA G+C composition for strain H 14T was 59.1 mol%. Based on the results of physiological, biochemical, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic investigations, a new genus, Celeribacter gen. nov., with the type species Celeribacter neptunius sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is H 14T (=KMM 6012T=CIP 109922T).
Pichia insulana sp. nov., a novel cactophilic yeast from the Caribbean
Authors: Ganter Philip F. , Cardinali Gianluigi , Boundy-Mills Kyria
Published: November 2009

A novel species of ascomycetous yeast, Pichia insulana sp. nov., is described from necrotic tissue of columnar cacti on Caribbean islands. P. insulana is closely related to and phenotypically very similar to Pichia cactophila and Pichia pseudocactophila. There are few distinctions between these taxa besides spore type, host preference and locality. Sporogenous strains of P. insulana that produce asci with four hat-shaped spores have been found only on Curaçao, whereas there was no evidence of sporogenous P. cactophila from that island. In addition, sequences of the D1/D2 fragment of the large-subunit rDNA from 12 Curaçao strains showed consistent differences from the sequences of the type strains of P. cactophila and P. pseudocactophila. The type strain of P. insulana is TSU00-106.5T (=CBS 11169T =UCD-FST 09-160T).
Phylogeny of Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus based on universally conserved protein-coding sequences and implications for the taxonomy of these two genera. Proposal of new taxa: X. vietnamensis sp. nov., P. luminescens subsp. caribbeanensis subsp. nov., P. luminescens subsp. hainanensis subsp. nov., P. temperata subsp. khanii subsp. nov., P. temperata subsp. tasmaniensis subsp. nov., and the reclassification of P. luminescens subsp. thracensis as P. temperata subsp. thracensis comb. nov.
Authors: Tailliez Patrick , Laroui Christine , Ginibre Nadège , Paule Armelle , Pagès Sylvie , Boemare Noël
Published: November 2009

We used the information from a set of concatenated sequences from four genes (recA,gyrB,dnaNandgltX) to investigate the phylogeny of the generaPhotorhabdusandXenorhabdus(entomopathogenic bacteria associated with nematodes of the generaHeterorhabditisandSteinernema, respectively). The robustness of the phylogenetic tree obtained by this multigene approach was significantly better than that of the tree obtained by a single gene approach. The comparison of the topologies of single gene phylogenetic trees highlighted discrepancies which have implications for the classification of strains and new isolates; in particular, we propose the transfer ofPhotorhabdus luminescenssubsp.thracensistoPhotorhabdus temperatasubsp.thracensiscomb. nov. (type strain CIP 108426T=DSM 15199T). We found that, within the genusXenorhabdus, strains or isolates that shared less than 97 % nucleotide identity (NI), calculated on the concatenated sequences of the four gene fragments (recA,gyrB,dnaNandgltX) encompassing 3395 nucleotides, did not belong to the same species. Thus, at the 97 % NI cutoff, we confirm the current 20 species of the genusXenorhabdusand propose the description of a novel species,Xenorhabdus vietnamensissp. nov. (type strain VN01T= CIP 109945T=DSM 22392T). Within each of the three current species of the genusPhotorhabdus,P. asymbiotica,P. luminescensandP. temperata, strains or isolates which shared less than 97 % NI did not belong to the same subspecies. Comparisons of the four gene fragments plus therplBgene fragment analysed separately led us to propose four novel subspecies:Photorhabdus luminescenssubsp.caribbeanensissubsp. nov. (type strain HG29T=CIP 109949T=DSM 22391T),P. luminescenssubsp.hainanensissubsp. nov. (type strain C8404T= CIP 109946T=DSM 22397T),P. temperatasubsp.khaniisubsp. nov. (type strain C1T=NC19T=CIP 109947T=DSM 3369T), andP. temperatasubsp.tasmaniensissubsp. nov. (type strain T327T= CIP 109948T=DSM 22387T).
Sporosarcina contaminans sp. nov. and Sporosarcina thermotolerans sp. nov., two endospore-forming species
Authors: Kämpfer P. , Falsen E. , Lodders N. , Schumann P.
Published: November 2009

The taxonomic positions of two Gram-positive, endospore-forming rods, strains CCUG 53915T and CCUG 53480T, isolated from an industrial clean-room floor and from a human blood sample, respectively, were studied. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies revealed that both isolates clearly clustered with Sporosarcina species. Strain CCUG 53915T was most closely related to Sporosarcina koreensis and Sporosarcina soli, showing 99.4 and 99.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type strains of these species, respectively. Strain CCUG 53480T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type strains of S. koreensis (98.7 %) and Sporosarcina saromensis (98.6 %). Strains CCUG 53915T and CCUG 53480T had peptidoglycan type A4α
l-Lys–d-Glu. The quinone systems of both strains were composed predominantly of menaquinone MK-7, with small amounts of MK-8. The polar lipid profiles of both strains consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and three unidentified phospholipids. The fatty acid profiles, which comprise anteiso- and iso-branched fatty acids, supported affiliation of the two isolates to the genus Sporosarcina. The results of physiological and biochemical tests and DNA–DNA hybridization data allowed a clear phenotypic and genotypic differentiation of both strains from the most closely related Sporosarcina species. For this reason, it is proposed that strains CCUG 53915T (=DSM 22204T) and CCUG 53480T (=DSM 22203T) represent two novel species in the genus Sporosarcina, with the names Sporosarcina contaminans sp. nov. and Sporosarcina thermotolerans sp. nov., respectively.
Taxonomic study of the genus Salinicola: transfer of Halomonas salaria and Chromohalobacter salarius to the genus Salinicola as Salinicola salarius comb. nov. and Salinicola halophilus nom. nov., respectively
Authors: de la Haba Rafael R. , Sánchez-Porro Cristina , Márquez M. Carmen , Ventosa Antonio
Published: November 2009

We have carried out a polyphasic taxonomic characterization of the type strains of the species with the recently validated nameSalinicola socius, together with two species that were phylogenetically closely related,Halomonas salariaandChromohalobacter salarius. 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses showed that they constituted a coherent cluster, with sequence similarities between 98.7 and 97.7 %. We have determined the almost complete 23S rRNA gene sequences of these three type strains, and the percentage of similarity between them was 99.2–97.6 %. Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA gene sequences, obtained by using three different algorithms, were consistent and showed that these three species constituted a cluster separated from the other species of the genera of the familyHalomonadaceae, supporting their placement in a single genus. All three species have ubiquinone 9 as the major respiratory quinone, and showed similar fatty acid and polar lipid profiles. The level of DNA–DNA hybridization betweenSalinicola sociusDSM 19940T,Halomonas salariaDSM 18044TandChromohalobacter salariusCECT 5903Twas 41–21 %, indicating that they are different species of the genusSalinicola. A comparative phenotypic study of these strains following the proposed minimal standards for describing new taxa of the familyHalomonadaceaehas been carried out. The phenotypic data are consistent with the placement of these three species in a single genus and support their differentiation at the species level. On the basis of these data we have emended the description of the speciesSalinicola sociusand we propose to transfer the speciesHalomonas salariaandChromohalobacter salariusto the genusSalinicola, asSalinicola salariuscomb. nov. (type strain M27T=KCTC 12664T=DSM 18044T) andSalinicola halophilusnom. nov. (type strain CG4.1T=CECT 5903T=LMG 23626T), respectively.
Kocuria atrinae sp. nov., isolated from traditional Korean fermented seafood
Authors: Park Eun-Jin , Kim Min-Soo , Roh Seong Woon , Jung Mi-Ja , Bae Jin-Woo
Published: November 2009

A novel actinobacterium, strain P30T, was isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Cells were aerobic, Gram-positive, non-motile and coccoid. Optimal growth occurred at 30–37 °C, at pH 8–9 and in the presence of 0–2 % (w/v) NaCl. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain P30T was phylogenetically closely related to Kocuria carniphila, Kocuria gwangalliensis, Kocuria rhizophila, Kocuria marina, Kocuria rosea and K. varians with levels of similarity of 98.6, 98.2, 98.1, 97.4, 97.3 and 97.3 %, respectively, to the type strains of these species. Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain P30T and the type strains of K. carniphila, K. rhizophila, K. marina, K. rosea and K. varians were 37, 43, 37, 25 and 17 %, respectively. The predominant menaquinone of strain P30T was MK-7. Major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain P30T was 70.2 mol%. Based on these data, strain P30T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Kocuria, for which the name Kocuria atrinae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is P30T (=KCTC 19594T=JCM 15914T).
Variovorax ginsengisoli sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from soil of a ginseng field
Authors: Im Wan-Taek , Liu Qing-Mei , Lee Kang-Jin , Kim Se-Young , Lee Sung-Taik , Yi Tae-Hoo
Published: November 2009

A Gram-negative, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming, motile, rod-shaped bacterium (strain Gsoil 3165T) was isolated from soil of a ginseng field in Pocheon, South Korea. Its taxonomic position was determined by using a polyphasic approach. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain Gsoil 3165T was shown to belong to the family Comamonadaceae, class Betaproteobacteria, and was related most closely to the type strains of Variovorax boronicumulans (98.9 % similarity), Variovorax paradoxus (98.3 %), Variovorax soli (98.2 %) and Variovorax dokdonensis (96.6 %). Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain Gsoil 3165T and the type strains of other species in the family Comamonadaceae were less than 97.0 %. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain Gsoil 3165T was 66 mol%. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data (Q-8 as the major ubiquinone; C16 : 0 and C17 : 0 cyclo as major fatty acids) supported the affiliation of strain Gsoil 3165T to the genus Variovorax. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain Gsoil 3165T from recognized Variovorax species. Gsoil 3165T is therefore considered to represent a novel species of the genus Variovorax, for which the name Variovorax ginsengisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Gsoil 3165T (=KCTC 12583T =LMG 23392T).