bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endometrial hyperplasia: pathogenetic therapeutic approaches (experimental study)
Authors:   Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Volotskaya N.I. , Makalish T.P. ,   Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Podgorny G.I. ,   Rostov-on-Don City Hospital No. 6, Rostov-on-Don, Kalfa M.A. ,   Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Prasolov N.S. ,   Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Kubyshkin A.V. ,   Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Kovalenko E.P. ,   Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Zyablitskaya E.Yu. ,   Order of the Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The high incidence of endometrial hyperplasia and the convenience of its model-ing and morphological diagnosis pose an important task for experimental medicine to develop methods or its pathogenetic correction. The paper aimed to conduct a comprehensive immunomorphological study for endometrial hyperplasia against the background of excessive estrogens, select pathogenetic therapy, and evaluate its effectiveness. Materials and methods. We used laboratory Wistar rats (n=45), which were divided into the control (n=5) and experimental (n=40) groups. We created and verified a model of endometrial hyperplasia during ovariectomy and transdermal administration of estrogens. In the experimental group, the correction with indole, meloxicam, and polyoxidonium was performed. Immunohistochemical study of the expression of proliferation markers, apoptosis, various pools of immune cells, and vascular growth factor provided data on hyperplasia development mechanisms. Results. In this model, immunophenotypic changes differ in the parts responsible for gestation (the uterine horn) and expulsion of the fetus (analogous to the human cervix). Divergent disruptions of the cell cycle of epithelial cells and the topography of immunocompetent cells were revealed. Meloxicam normalizes most of these indicators (the number of immunocompetent cells and the kinetics of cell populations); indole has an antiestrogenic effect and increases the expression of progesterone receptors; and polyoxidonium is less effective in the correction of endometrial hyperplasia. Conclusion. The dynamics of the expression of the studied markers can be recommended for diagnosis, whereas the identified effects of drugs can be used for complex pathogenetic therapy.
ScholarOne - Examining the Relationship Between Knowledge-Sharing, Individual Trust, and Multinational Team Performance in a Virtual Setting: A Non-Experimental Study
Authors: Granquist Susan , Lindsay Vicki
Published: April 2024

The global workplace is rapidly evolving due to the influx of new ideas
from the diverse workforce that comprises it, and multinational virtual
teams (MNVTs) are the result. The problem addressed by this study was
that there was a risk of a breakdown of the team if the leaders of MNVTs
were not aware of the critical variables which impacted its success. The
theoretical framework of the study was based on Homans’ social exchange
theory. This research was a correlational, nonexperimental study in
which the relationship between three variables, trust,
knowledge-sharing, and MNV Team performance, was examined. The study
population consisted of 110 employees of a single multinational
technology company, who operated in an MNVT, and 70 responses were
received from the target population. Multiple regression analysis was
used, and the test results of the regression indicated the knowledge
sharing and trust explained 65.2% of the variance in team performance,
R2 = .652, F (2,68) = 65.714, p < .001. This study provided
data which suggested that knowledge sharing and trust were significant
predictors of team performance in MNVTs. This study suggested there
could be negative implications for global organizations, MNVT leaders,
and MNVT members if a culture and environment which supports
knowledge-sharing and trust are not available. By focusing on
perpetuating knowledge sharing and trust among MNVTs, global
organizations can positively contribute to the success of their MNVTs,
thereby enabling the advantages MNVTs offer.
ScholarOne - CHANGE MANAGEMENT MECHANISM AND ITS EFFECT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BANKS
Authors: Dumevi Andrews , Mfiya Fanny , Zhang Zhuo
Published: April 2024

The assessed how banks effectively managed the new capital requirement
implementation in 2017-2018 and the effect of the change management
mechanism on the performance of the banks. The study administered a
structured questionnaire to 302 Branch Managers of 23 banks and
interview 13 General Managers of some of the banks. The study used mean
and standard deviation to analyze the effectiveness of change management
practices during the new capital requirements. Structural Equation Model
(SEM) was used to estimate the impact of change management mechanisms on
the performance of the banks. The study found that the listed banks
effectively applied the change management mechanisms during the new
capital requirement implementation. Change management mechanism as a
whole has a statistically significant positive impact on the performance
of the banks. MAD Statement This article aims to Make a Difference (MAD)
by positioning the notion of change management mechanisms at the core of
management of regulatory changes in banks in Ghana. This is done by
assessing how banks managed the new capital requirement introduced by
Bank of Ghana in 2018 and how the change management affect operational
and financial performance of the banks. The study may help inform
management of banking sector about which change management mechanism
significantly contribute to improving the financial and operational
performance of banks to effectively inform management of regulatory
changes in the future.
ScholarOne - Support or Oppose? Analyzing Public Opinion on China’s “Double Reduction” Policy in Education
Authors: Diao long , Xiu Qi , Feng Xinrui , Wang Yanan
Published: April 2024

To address the escalating stress of private tutoring, the Chinese
government introduced the “Double Reduction” policy, aiming to
disconnect private tutoring from financial resources. This policy
spurred significant public debate. It’s crucial to understand public
perception of this policy for effective implementation. Utilizing data
from a national online platform for public complaints and suggestions
post-implementation, this study performed automated text analysis and
statistical description of public attitudes. Findings indicate that over
60% of comments were ambiguous about the “Double Reduction” policy.
Public support initially waned but subsequently grew. In more
economically advanced areas, discussions about the policy were common,
yet support was lower. Major public concerns revolved around the quality
of school education, teacher salaries, and refunds from tutoring
institutions. This study underscores the need for enhanced policy
implementation. It offers global governance insights from China’s
experience in regulating private tutoring, outlining major challenges
and strategies.
ScholarOne - Legislation and bureaucracy in schools, an (im)perfect marriage with impact on Educational Administration
Authors: Alonso Raul , Romão Paula , Carvalho João , Delgado Paulo
Published: April 2024

Excessive bureaucracy transforms the school into an instrumental
organization, so the new legislation should be able to overcome this
problem, in an institution that wants to be participatory. This study
was carried out in Portugal to understand the bureaucratic impact of the
joint and interdependent implementation, from 2018, of a set of
legislation, which integrates the school’s different areas of activity.
Surveys were administered to teachers and school principals across the
country. The perception is that there has been an increase in
bureaucracy with a negative impact on teachers’ professional motivation
and their relationship with students. The use of IT tools and platforms
and interaction with external entities has contributed to the generation
and dissemination of useless bureaucratic burden, with negative effects
on effectiveness.
ScholarOne - The Relationships among Impulsivity, Vigilance and False Start Penalties for Offensive Linemen in the National Football League (NFL)
Authors: Bowman James , Krywaruczenko Daniel , Flon Brandon De , Boone R.
Published: April 2024

Each year, many factors are considered in the NFL draft process,
including scouting reports, interviews, medical tests, and measures of
strength, speed, anthropometry, and personality. Recently, an increased
emphasis has been placed on the measurement of cognitive abilities.
Historically, offensive linemen have been excluded from NFL research,
since they do not have individual performance statistics like other
positions. In this study, indicators of vigilance/impulsivity were
obtained from 315 offensive linemen from 2014-2021 prior to their NFL
draft. False start penalties per game (FSPG) was used as a dependent
measure, as a proxy to success on the field. Hierarchical multiple
regression analyses, indicated that higher accuracy on a Choice Reaction
Time task accounted for a statistically significant increase in the
explanation of FSPG, after controlling for draft placement. Given the
increasing use of cognitive assessment in the NFL, the utility of these
assessments is discussed within the player development process.
Sauvé-Kapandji procedure versus radio-lunate arthrodesis in the treatment of Madelung deformity. A case report
Authors:   Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Wiktor Dega Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Clinical Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, Koschel Piotr , Kaczmarek Leszek ,   Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Wiktor Dega Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Clinical Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Published: April 2024

Madelung deformity consists of excessive ulnar and palmar angulation of the distal radius. It may also involve the radiocapitellar joint and the sagittal bow of the radius. Commonly, the disease becomes clinically apparent in young adolescents with wrist deformity, pain and limited range of movement. There are multiple options for operative treatment. We retrospectively assessed a 14-year-old-girl treated in our department. The patient required treatment due to exacerbating pain in both wrists. The left hand underwent resection of the distal ulna; however, persistent pain led to the decision to perform the radiolunate arthrodesis (RL). The right hand was treated according to the Sauvé-Kapandji procedure. Three years post-surgery, the patient was called for a follow-up examination. The assessment included measuring the range of motion using a goniometer, grip strength with a dynamometer, and evaluating follow-up wrist X-rays in lateral and posteroanterior views. The patient has also been evaluated using the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaires. Three years post-operation, the patient reported the absence of rest pain and occasional pain during loading. With the Sauvé-Kapandji procedure, a greater range of palmar flexion of the wrist and improved strength was achieved. The patient scored 5.83 points on the DASH scale, 9.5 points on the left hand, and 8.5 points on the right hand on the PRWE scale. In this patient’s case, better outcomes were achieved by employing the Sauvé-Kapandji procedure. The patient’s right-handedness may have influenced the results.
The work of Husey Budaev in the context of the development of balkar literature in the first third of the twentieth century
Authors:   The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Sci-entific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tamara Sh. Bittirova
Published: April 2024

The scientific work examines the work of the poet Budaev Husey Aslanovich (1880-1973), his contribution to the development of spiritual poetry, his place in settlement poetry, and works aimed at harmony in family and social life are also analyzed. The article establishes the insepara-ble connection of the works of H. Budaev with the semantics and poetics of folklore, which is the specificity of the author's poetic world. The depth of philosophical thought and the acuteness of social analysis permeating the work of Budaev Husey are noted. The analysis of the author's crea-tive heritage ("Altyn tau" - "Golden Mountain", "Khak Zholunda" - "Dear truth") allowed us to determine his creative individuality and uniqueness. Poems like "Din ieleny kuyu" ("Crying for the Lights of Faith, defending theologians, express protest against the violence committed during the era of Stalinism. The work establishes that the work of Husey Budaev was formed within the framework of the poetic traditions of the pre-Soviet period, laid down by the classics of Karachay-Balkarian literature Semenov Kaltur, Dzhanibekov Appa, Kochkarov Kaspot. The presentation of their ideas in clear words and understandable images is a tradition of Karachay-Balkarian oral folk poetry. The work notes the direct realization of folklore artistic installations in the poetry of Husey Budaev. To complete the tasks, the author employed comparative and contextual method-ologies, which are coupled in the paper with the concept of consistency and integrity of analysis. Historicism is the primary methodological and systematic premise guiding the inquiry.
Phonetic isoglosses in the speech of Circassian repatriates in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
Authors:   The Institute of Humanitarian Studies is a branch of the Kabardino–Balkarian Scien-tific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Marita M. Abazovа , Zaudin G. Khutezhev ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov
Published: April 2024

The article examines phonetic isoglosses in the speech of Circassian repatriates living in the Ka-bardino-Balkarian Republic in comparison with the literary Kabardino-Circassian language. The study of the speech of Circassian repatriates from Syria and Turkey is of scientific interest not on-ly for linguists but also for historians and ethnographers. It appears that archaic forms of some consonants maintained in the dialects and dialects of the literary Kabardino-Circassian language are seen in the speech of representatives of Circassian repatriates. It is noted that negations are expressed using negative affixes –I/ –k as synonyms, and the statement is a morpheme–c; the pro-cess of affrication of palatalized posterior consonants is not yet complete, soft hissing spirants f and w are frequently heard in speech, etc. Some vocalism system anomalies are observed in repat-riates’ speech. It is concluded that Circassian repatriates in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic speak with a variety of phonetic traits.
V.I. Abaev's linguophilosophical concept and ossetian-kabardino-balkarian ideosemantic parallels
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Rashid S. Alikaev , Vyacheslav Kh. Unatlokov ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the linguophilosophical concept of the outstanding Russian theorist, his-torian and philosopher of language, the largest Iranian scholar Vasily Ivanovich Abaev. The as-pects of the author’s linguophilosophical concept are presented based on two works by V.I. Abaev: “Reflection of the work of consciousness in the lexico-semantic system of language” (1970) and “Language as ideology and language as technique” (1934). In these works, he pays special atten-tion to the problem of the origin of human language. The theory of the origin of language itself, in his opinion, should be based on an optimal scientific theory that proceeds from the correct theo-retical premises and is consistent with the available empirical data. To explain the origin of a lan-guage, it is not the grammar of the language that is important, but the subject–significant vocabu-lary, as he believes that the origin of vocabulary is a single and integral problem, and the origin of grammar is inevitably divided into several particular issues. Language, according to V.I.Abaev, arose not from biological, but from the social needs of a person, from the need to relate things to their collective, to impose their own “brand” on them. Special attention is paid to the concept of ideosemantics, firstly introduced by V.I. Abaev in-to scientific circulation. He distinguishes two types of semantics: small semantics (or signal, technical), which includes a mandatory minimum of semantic functions that determine the mod-ern communicative use of the word, and large semantics, which is the sum of those concomitant cognitive and emotional representations that reflect the complex inner life of the word in its past and present. He defined this broader understanding of semantics by the term “ideosemantics”. Id-eosemantics, according to V. Abaev, is the most important criterion for the historical characteriza-tion of linguistic phenomena. V. Abaev sees the value of language at an early stage of its for-mation in its “ethnodemarkation function”. In conclusion, the article presents ideosemantic parallels in three genetically and structurally diverse languages: Ossetian, Kabardino-Circassian and Karachay-Balkar.
Features of the innovations in the law enforcement activities of the Gorsky verbal courts of the Terek region in the 90s of the XIX century
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Mirbek A. Khagazheev
Published: April 2024

The article focuses on the unique characteristics of the introduction of innovations in the law en-forcement activities of the Terek region’s mountain verbal courts in the 90s of the XIX century. The channels and mechanisms for obtaining information by courts on innovations in normative acts and their interpretations from the relevant authorities on the results of law-making activities in the field of judicial proceedings for consideration in their activities are characterized. For this purpose, copies of normative acts of the highest imperial authorities, rules and instructions on conducting individual investigative and judicial actions, orders of the Terek district authorities, copies of reviews from the head of the Terek region and the prosecutor of the Vladikavkaz District Court, etc. were considered. A list of areas in which the SCS received information about their ju-risdiction in the late nineteenth century is proposed. The procedure for internally discussing and putting legislative innovations into practice is considered. It is concluded that all of this allowed them to effectively interact with law-making organizations and apply current changes in regula-tions to their activities.
Scale Linking Under a Mixture of Multidimensional IRT Models for Mixed-Format Tests
Authors:   Korean Society for Educational Evaluation, Kim Seonghoon
Published: April 2024

Under the context of the common-item nonequivalent groups design, item response theory (IRT) scale
linking methods have been presented for each of the multidimensional extensions of the three-parameter
logistic (M3PL), graded response (MGR), generalized partial credit (MGPC), and nominal response (MNR)
models. The common-item multidimensional IRT (MIRT) linking methods that have been proved effective
for single-format tests include the direct least squares (DLS), item category response function (ICRF), and
test response function (TRF) methods. This paper extends the three MIRT linking methods to any mixture
of the exploratory M3PL, MGR, MGPC, and MNR models for mixed-format tests. Each linking method
extended attempts to find the linking coefficients in the rotation matrix and translation vector that
constitute a linear transformation between two multidimensional ability scales. Simulations are conducted to
investigate the performance of the three linking methods under various linking conditions. The results
indicated that overall, the ICRF method performed best in estimating the rotation matrix and translation
vector of the linear transformation between the new and true simulation scales. In not a few conditions, the
DLS method resulted in the second best linking solutions. The TRF method tended to estimate the rotation
matrix well but the translation vector poorly and thus showed the worst performance among the linking
methods in some conditions.
The Russian collection of Dunhuang manuscripts: past and present
Authors: Lihua Ai
Published: April 2024

The Russian collection of Dunhuang manuscripts is a priceless treasure of the Chinese people and even of all mankind. This article examines the history of the exportation of manuscripts from Dunhuang to Russia, explores the work carried out by Russian scholars in the aim of systematization of the manuscripts. Particular attention is paid to the problems of returning the Dunhuang manuscripts to China.
“Lun Yu” in Russia: history of the reception and the problem of its spread
Authors: Yue Wang
Published: April 2024

As a first-hand material to study and understand Confucianism, “Lun Yu”played an important role in the spread of Confucian culture. Since the 18th century, when the Russian Empire started sending its missionaries to China, Russian sinologists have continued to work on the interpretation and translation of the “Lun Yu” treatise. Their translations can be characterized as diverse. The results of research made by Russian sinologists had a positive impact on the spread of Confucianism and even traditional Chinese culture in Russia. This article provides a brief overview of the history of translation and spread of “Lun Yu” in Russia and analyzes the problems of its reception.
The tasks of introducing canon law into the marital and family sphere of Ossetians (first half of the 19th century)
Authors: Daueva Tamara , Ktsoeva Sultana
Published: April 2024

The article explores the impact of the canonical marriage law of the Russian Orthodox Church on the socio-cultural life in traditional Ossetian society. The article describes the activities of the church that influenced the institution of the family in the context of the post - reform transformation. The results of the work are of particular value for further research and understanding of the transformational processes in all areas of the Ossetian society in the 19th century, which became the basis for revising some foundations in the context of marriage and family regulation.
To the issue of the main priorities and directions of the foreign policy of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors: Maharramova Sona
Published: April 2024

The foreign policy of the Republic of Azerbaijan is aimed especially at protecting its territorial integrity and sovereignty, developing mutually beneficial cooperation with neighboring states, ensuring the active participation of the country to the new world order. The strengthening of the role of Azerbaijan in the system of international relations, the development of its relations with Western countries, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Turkey, the Muslim world are carried out according to the own national interests, as well as the principles and norms of international law. As a result of its multi-vector foreign policy, the Republic of Azerbaijan has received universal recognition as a leading state in the South Caucasus, and an active participant in regional and global integration processes. Main priorities and directions of the foreign policy of the Republic of Azerbaijan had been analyzed in the article.
Formation and development of criminal investigation in Russia (19th – beginning of 20th centuries)
Authors: Ivanov Petr
Published: April 2024

With the advent of the state, the fight against crime becomes one of its most important functions. In order to implement it, a special service is being created, the criminal investigation, which has deep historical roots. In this article we have made some attempt to turn to the history of criminal investigation and to know the forms and methods of combating crimes.
Gendarmerie’s secret supervision of the reliability of officers of the Internal guard of the Russian Empire
Authors: Potemkin Igor , Kolpakov Petr
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the reconstruction of the historical experience of the activities of the tsarist gendarmes, who performed the functions of the “supreme police”, aimed at organizing the secret collection of information about the lifestyle, service and behavior in society of the commanders of garrison battalions of a Separate Internal Guard Corps, endowed with extensive powers to protect order, catch criminals and pacify unlawful acts. The peculiarity of the topic under consideration is the extremely small elaboration of the problems of organizing secret surveillance within the system of police institutions created to protect statehood.
Analysis of the theoretical aspects of the formation of the mechanism of innovation in SMEs
Authors: Abanina Irina , Ogloblina Elizaveta , Seredina Maria , Minchichova Valeria , Chupina Zhanna
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the theoretical aspects of the formation of the mechanism of innovation in small and medium-sized high-tech enterprises (SMEs). The analysis is carried out and precise definitions of the concepts: innovation, innovation activity, innovative development of SMEs are given. The task of domestic economic science is to find mechanisms for the implementation of modern innovation development management in the practice of SMEs in the Russian Federation, systematizing and developing its methodology.
Trade and economic relations of the Azerbaijani state of the Safavids with the states of Western Europe in the second half of the 16th century
Authors: Suleymanov Nizami
Published: April 2024

The article examines the trade and economic relations of the Azerbaijani state of the Safavids with some states of Western Europe - Portugal, Venice and England in the second half of the 16th century. The author of the article paid special attention to the economic interests of these Western European states, which have established trade relations with the Safavid state for the sake of establishing direct trade relations with the countries of the East.
Advancements in Analyzing Air-Side Heat Transfer Coefficient on the Individual Tube Rows in Finned Heat Exchangers: Comparative Study of Three CFD Methods
Authors: Marcinkowski Mateusz , Taler Dawid , Węglarz Katarzyna , Taler Jan
Published: April 2024

This paper describes the heat transfer performance of plate-fin-tube heat exchangers (PFTHE) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Air-side Nusselt number correlations obtained from CFD simulations are compared to existing empirical correlations found in the literature. The geometries and boundary conditions are presented and compared with previous studies. The results indicate relative differences in mean Nusselt numbers between CFD-based methods and empirical correlations for different Reynolds numbers. Several factors contributing to these differences are discussed, including thermal resistance issues and assumptions about fluid-side heat transfer coefficients. The proposed CFD-based methods provide insight into the heat transfer mechanisms on individual tube rows, with acceptable differences compared to experimental correlations. Comparison of these methods shows consistent results with relatively small average relative errors, indicating the effectiveness of CFD simulations in predicting the heat transfer performance of PFTHE. Moreover, the average relative errors between individual methods range from 5.1 % to 6.9 %, with some individual errors ranging from 0.1 % to even 17.1 %. These results demonstrate the potential of CFD simulations to accurately predict heat transfer characteristics in complex heat exchanger systems.
Efficient Model Compression and Knowledge Distillation on LLama 2: Achieving High Performance with Reduced Computational Cost
Authors: Huangpu Qionglin , Gao Huixiang
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the application of model compression and knowledge distillation techniques to enhance the computational efficiency of LLama 2, a Large Language Model (LLM) with 7 billion parameters. Through a comprehensive methodology incorporating pruning, quantization, and parameter sharing, alongside a rigorous knowledge distillation process, we aim to reduce the model's size and computational demands without substantially affecting its performance. Our results demonstrate significant reductions in model size and inference times, while maintaining competitive performance metrics. Furthermore, the distilled model not only captures the essence of the original LLama 2 but also shows improved efficiency, making it suitable for deployment in resource-constrained environments. These findings underline the potential of compression and distillation techniques in making LLMs more accessible and sustainable. Future research directions include optimizing these methods further, exploring their applicability across a broader range of tasks and languages, and developing automated optimization tools to facilitate the widespread adoption of efficient LLMs.
Solid-liquid partitioning of Dengue, West Nile, Zika, Hepatitis A, Influenza A, and SARS-CoV-2 viruses in wastewater from across the United States
Authors: Roldan-Hernandez Laura , Van Oost Camila , Boehm Alexandria Bianca
Published: April 2024

Limited information is available on the fate of respiratory and arthropod-borne viruses in wastewater. Enteric viruses have been extensively studied in wastewater treatment plants, however partition coefficients have not been well documented. This information is essential for interpreting wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) data and optimizing sample collection and processing methods. In this study, we examined the solid-liquid partitioning behavior of Dengue, West Nile, Zika, Hepatitis A, Influenza A, and SARS-CoV-2 viruses in wastewater. Samples were collected from the primary sludge line of eleven wastewater treatment plants across the United States and spiked with varying concentrations of each virus. Solid and liquid fractions were separated via centrifugation. Viral nucleic acids were extracted and quantified using reverse-transcription digital droplet PCR (RT-ddPCR). Partition coefficients (KF), determined using the Freundlich adsorption model, ranged from 4.0✕10^2 mL/g to 3.9✕10^6 mL/g (median = 1.1✕10^4 mL/g). KF values were not significantly different between viruses. However, significant differences were observed between KF for Zika and West Nile Virus between wastewater treatment plants. Further research is needed to understand how wastewater characteristics might impact the partition of viral markers. The results from this experiment underscore the importance of considering wastewater solids for the early detection and monitoring of viral infectious diseases, particularly in regions with low prevalence of infections.
How do acculturation strategies and psychosomatic health among Turkish voluntary and involuntary migrants worldwide interplay? A systematic review
Authors: Diehl Vanessa , Graeber Daniel , Kroeger Hannes , Tibubos Ana Nanette
Published: April 2024

Acculturation processes are an important aspect of migration affecting migrants’ mental health and vice versa. Research on Turkish voluntary and involuntary migrants have been studied only to a small extent worldwide. Thus, we systematically reviewed PubMed, PsycINFO, Psyndex, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PsyArXiv for studies examining the interaction of mental health and acculturation (main outcomes) among Turkish migrants (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021222706). For final evaluation 40 studies were extracted out of initially 339. Among Turkish migrants, internalizing disorders, especially depressive disorders or anxiety disorders, occurred most frequently. Main modifiers besides acculturation strategies were sociodemographic factors, social status, and experienced discrimination in the host country. We identified a lack of longitudinal studies looking at acculturation and mental health simultaneously as outcomes resulting in no evident interaction between acculturation processes and mental health. Additonally, there is a need for studies on externalizing disorders in connection with acculturation processes.
Development of Executive Functions' Structure in 8-12 Year Olds
Authors: Yangüez Marc , Bediou Benoit , Chanal Julien , Bavelier Daphne
Published: April 2024

Executive functions (EFs) involve critical top-down cognitive processes underpinning higher-order cognitive abilities, which are fundamental for a variety of life outcomes. Their structure and development during middle childhood remain yet partially understood. This study explores the developmental trajectory of EFs, focusing on inhibition, working memory (WM), and cognitive flexibility, in a cross-sectional sample of 294 children aged 8-12 years. Using a comprehensive battery of nine cognitive tasks and advanced psychometric modeling, we examined age-related improvements and structural changes in EFs. Our findings reveal significant developmental progress across all EF components, with performance enhancements correlating with age. More notably, including both traditional correlated models and innovative bifactor analyses, the results indicate a shift from a less differentiated two-factor structure among younger children, where WM and cognitive flexibility are merged, to a distinct three-factor structure in older children, aligning with adult-like EFs characterization. This transition underscores a gradual differentiation of EFs, challenging the notion of an uniform EFs development and highlighting the nuanced nature of these processes. Additionally, bifactor modeling illuminated a common EFs factor alongside domain-specific abilities, offering novel insights into the underlying architecture of EFs during this critical developmental stage. These findings not only contribute to our understanding of EFs' developmental dynamics, but also hold implications for applied research focused on interventions targeting cognitive development in middle childhood.
A Hybrid Science-Guided Machine Learning Approach for Modeling Chemical and Polymer Processes
Authors: Sharma Niket , Liu Y. A.
Published: April 2024

This chapter provides a comprehensive examination of hybrid modeling in chemical and polymer processes, employing a science-guided machine learning (SGML) approach to fuse scientific knowledge with data analytics. We introduce the concept of hybrid SGML and outline our motivation for exploring this innovative approach. A critical review of the broad applications of SGML in chemical engineering highlights the growing complexity and diversity in methodologies, making it challenging for newcomers to navigate the field. To address this, we offer a systematic classification of hybrid SGML methodologies, distinguishing between models where machine learning complements scientific understanding and vice versa. We delve into various applications of machine learning to augment science-based models, discussing direct serial and parallel hybrid modeling, inverse modeling, reduced-order modeling, and the quantification of uncertainty in process models, including the discovery of process governing equations. Each category is explored in detail, evaluating their requirements, strengths, and limitations, and suggesting potential areas of application with specific focus on polyolefin manufacturing. Similarly, we examine how scientific principles can enhance machine learning models, discussing the design, learning, and refinement processes. The study discussing the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for the hybrid SGML approach in the modeling of chemical and polymer processes, signaling a promising direction for future research and application in this interdisciplinary field.   

This is a preprint version of our chapter 11 [133] from the book - Integrated Process Modeling, Advanced Control and Data Analytics for Optimizing Polyolefin Manufacturing. Please cite the original work if referenced [144] and is also an extended version of the study [131].
Psychometrics of psychosocial variables in a sexual and gender diverse longitudinal study
Authors: Junkins Eleanor J , Briley D. A. , Ogolsky Brian G , Derringer Jaime
Published: April 2024

How do we know whether psychological science generalizes across groups? Psychometrics, including the nomological network, are key for establishing the validity of psychological constructs in under-investigated populations. We used an online, monthly longitudinal study measuring personality, social relationships, and mental health. Among participants (total N=1,777; 31% retention), 73% identified as sexual and/or gender minority (SGM). Longitudinal growth parameters, rank-order stability, and cross-lagged correlations were examined. The findings showed remarkably similar associations and rank-order stability. Mean differences measured using multiple assessments displayed a similar pattern to cross-sectional with slightly diminished magnitudes. These exploratory results can inform longitudinal research to be better equipped to disentangle processes that support resilience in the face of extant negative influences, address health disparities, and identify associations that are more universal in the studied contexts lending support for diversifying psychological research across SGM identities.
Syntactic and Semantic Cues for Acquisition of Mass/Count Superordinates
Authors: Le Khuyen Nha , Barner David
Published: April 2024

Children’s acquisition of language has been hypothesized to be supported by a bootstrapping process between syntax and semantics. Children notice the correspondence between the meaning of expressions and their lexical categories, which allow them to learn these expressions and their grammatical rules more effectively. One syntactic distinction that children in some languages have to learn is the mass-count distinction, which has been theorized to be acquired with a bootstrapping process using one-to-one bidirectional mappings between syntax and semantics. In this view, count nouns denote individuated entities, while mass nouns denote non-individuated entities (Quine, 1960; Macnamara, 1972) – a correspondence that is used by children to learn mass and count nouns. However, mass superordinate nouns that refer to individuated objects (such as furniture and jewelry) appear to be counterexamples to the bidirectional mapping theory (Gillon, 1999; Chierchia, 1998). To reconcile these counterexamples, some theorists posit that mass nouns actually denote entities that are construed to be non individuated, regardless of their ontological status as individuated objects or unindividuated phenomena (Bloom, 1994; McCawley, 1975; Wisniewski, Imai & Casey, 1996). The current study tests a semantic contrast proposed by Wisniewski et al (1996) as corresponding to mass-count syntax for superordinate nouns: mass nouns denote objects that concurrently participate in a function, while count nouns denote objects participating in a function individually. We show that there is no evidence for the bidirectional mapping theory: adult English speakers showed no differential preference for functional context when shown either novel nouns in mass or count syntax. The results instead support a mass non-specificity theory (Gillon, 1999; Barner & Snedeker, 2006): while count nouns denote individuated objects, mass nouns are unspecified in their construal and can be flexibly individuated or not.
Evaluation of secondary metabolites and chromatographic fingerprint profiling of stem bark of Holarrhena antidysenterica L.
Authors: Pawar Ganesh , Parihar Samiksha , Saxena Hari Om
Published: April 2024

Holarrhena antidysenterica is an important medicinal plant in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. The present study aimed to screen secondary metabolites qualitatively and quantitively and to develop chemical fingerprint profiles of stem bark of the target species. The phytochemical screening findings revealed that the methanolic extract of stem bark contained alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, and terpenoids. HPTLC fingerprint profiles were developed which were specific to the mobile phase Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Diethylamine (6.5:2.5:1 v/v/v) and Rf values. The fingerprints are a valuable tool for quality assurance since these can be used as biochemical markers to differentiate between authentic drugs and adulterants.
Antimicrobial activity of tea processing effluents collected from various Kenyan factories
Authors: Mangenya Thaddeus , Kariuki Daniel , Kinyua Johnson , Obanda Martin , Ochanda Simon , Moriasi Gervason
Published: April 2024

The escalating global challenge of antibiotic resistance demands exploration into alternative sources for antimicrobials. This study investigated the often-overlooked tea waste samples generated during tea processing from Kenyan processing factories to uncover novel resources containing potent and effective antimicrobial compounds. In this study, we collected tea waste samples from various tea processing factories in Kenya and assessed their antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms using the disk diffusion assay. To quantify the efficacy of each sample, we determined growth inhibition zones and minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MICs and MBCs). The study unveiled diverse levels of antimicrobial activity in tea waste samples against specific microorganisms. Notably, the fluff sample from Gitambo factory demonstrated potent antibacterial effects against Clostridium disporicum. Various samples exhibited a moderate response to both Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli, yet they showed minimal to no activity, where applicable, towards Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. This study showed that some tea effluents, which are often discarded during processing, show antimicrobial potential, as they demonstrated efficacy against certain pathogens. By further optimizing our handling and storage practices, we could enhance the isolation of potent antimicrobial compounds from these materials; this would provide valuable alternatives in combating antibiotic resistance.
Analisis Pendapatan Produsen Industri Tenun Songket di Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Putri Dina Reski , Mardiana Mardiana , Eriyati Eriyati
Published: April 2024

This study compares the gap between total revenue and total costs to ascertain the benefits received by songket weaving producers in Pekanbaru City. 13 songket weaving industrial units in the city of Pekanbaru made up the total number of samples used in this study, which used the census technique to draw samples from the entire population. The quantitative descriptive analysis method used in this study was based on primary sources..The results of the research and data processing found that the lowest producer total production costs were Rp3,709,000/month and the highest is Rp.42,492,000/month, the total revenue earned for all songket weaving industry producers in Pekanbaru City is the lowest at Rp.5,200,000/month and the highest at Rp.49,400,000/month. So that the net income (profit) obtained for all songket weaving industries in Pekanbaru City is the lowest at Rp.1,491,000/month and the highest is Rp.19,253,000/month. The efficiency value of the 13 songket weaving industry units in Pekanbaru City also shows a value which illustrates that the industry is feasible to run because it gets a value of > 1. The total costs, total revenues, profits, and efficiency values are taken from two different producers by comparing the lowest and highest amounts. According to the study's findings, Pekanbaru City's songket weaving sector generates more money overall than it spends on production, making it a remarkably profitable enterprise.
Dampak Pedagang Kaki Lima dan Warung Kecil Pasca Relokasi di Sentra Wisata Kuliner Ketintang
Authors: Damayanti Febriana Firsta , Handoyo Pambudi
Published: April 2024

Relocation is an attempt to move an object from one place to another that is considered better. Relocation is not just a change of place in terms of geographical space, but also involves various aspects such as economic, social, political and cultural. The socio-economic impact of the relocation of street vendors (PKL) and small stalls can be seen from the positive and negative sides. If done properly by considering the interests of all parties, relocation can have a positive social impact. The impact felt by street vendors and small stalls will be seen when a relocation that is realized can show changes socially and economically so that it can be assessed whether the relocation carried out is considered successful or failed. The purpose of writing this article is to find out and examine how the problems regarding the impact of street vendors and small stalls after relocation in the Ketintang culinary tourism center. This research is a qualitative research with a framing analysis approach related to social interaction theory and also conflict theory accompanied by interview techniques and direct observation in Ketintang. The results of this study indicate that relocation to the Ketintang Culinary Tourism Center can help the economy and social life of traders to improve so that traders feel a very profitable positive impact. Relocation that is carried out well as a whole can have a good social impact for traders, whereas irregular relocation can have a negative impact on the sustainability of the street vendors and small shop businesses.Keywords: Street vendor, Relocation, Small stalls
Pengaruh covid-19 dan PMA terhadap PDRB Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Riau
Authors: Nasution Hannisa Sasilia , Aulia Ando Fahda , Darmayuda Darmayuda
Published: April 2024

This research of study aims to analyze the effect of Covid-19 and Foreign Investment on the value of the Regency/City Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in Riau Province in 2017－2021. This study uses quantitative research methods with panel data analysis methods and processed using Eviews 10. The dependent variable used is Gross Regional Domestic Product in 11 Regency/Cities in Riau Province. The independent variables used in this research are the value of Foreign Investment and Covid-19 using dummy numbers. The results indicate that foreign investment has a positive but not significant effect on the GRDP of Regency/city in Riau Province. Meanwhile, the dummy variable of Covid-19 has a positive yet significant effect on Regency/City GRDP in Riau Province.