bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors related to Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Indonesian adults during quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Evangelista Nadya Nathalia , Wijovi Felix , Orlin Sisilia , Angelina Stella , Halim Devina Adella , Jodhinata Claudia , Hamdoyo Audrey , Cipta Darien Alfa , Kurniawan Andree , Lugito Nata Pratama Hardjo
Published: March 2022

Background: COVID-19 is an unprecedented public health event. It started from Wuhan, China, in late December of 2019 and later spread worldwide. During the pandemic, negative impacts on mental health were found in all groups, including adults of their productive age.
Objective: This study aimed to search for factors related to Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) during the quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, specifically about the demographic background of respondents and its relation to PTSS.
Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design involving 257 Indonesian adults aged 26-67 years from 26 out of 34 provinces in Indonesia. The questionnaire used in this study consists of demographic questions and an Indonesian version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IESR). The questionnaire was distributed through a link attached to the social media platform from 17 September to 5 October 2020. Data were analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression using SPSS 25.0.
Results: The data analysis showed a significant relationship between age and mean IES-R score during quarantine time in Indonesia (p-value 0.001). Other demographic factors such as gender, education level, marital status, work from home, income during the pandemic, and pandemic effects to income showed no significant relation to the IES-R score of the respondents. Adults aged 25-44 years old tend to have higher IES-R scores than those aged 45-64 and 65+ years old.
Conclusion: Age was related to the IES-R score, while the other five independent variables included in the linear regression analysis were found to be confounders in this study.
INFLUENCE OF BIG-FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS ON PERCEIVED ACADEMIC STRESS AND COPING STYLES AMONG EMERGING ADULTS
Authors: Febin George Jacob  , Elvin Thomas George  , Daniel V Jacob  , Tilu Jacob  , Anisha Rajan
Published: March 2022

Emerging adults may face a lot of stress while trying to maintain their academics in college. The methods they choose to cope with academic stress may vary and can depend upon their personality traits. Recent studies on personality, stress and coping were reviewed and further research on this topic was necessary. This study examined the relation between the big-five personality traits, perceived academic stress, and the coping mechanisms used by emerging adults. The data collected from 203 college students through snowball sampling technique was analyzed using a correlational research design. We found that the personality traits of emerging adults had a high influence on the perceived academic stress and the coping style they adopt to handle the stress. At last, suggestions based on the findings were discussed.
KEYWORDS: Academic Workload, Coping, Big-five Personality Traits, Education
HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN MENGGOSOK GIGI DENGAN TERJADINYA KARIES GIGI PADAANAK USIA SEKOLAH KELAS IV
Authors: Khoirin Khoirin
Published: March 2022

Latar belakang: Karies gigi adalah suatu proses kronis, regresif yang dimulai dengan larutnya mineral email, sebagai akibat terganggunya keseimbangan antara email dan sekelilingnya yang disebabkan oleh pembentukan asam mikrobial dari substrat (médium makanan bagi bakteri) yang dilanjutkan dengant imbulnya destruksi komponen-kompon enorganik yang akhirnya terjadi kavitasi (pembentukan lubang). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan meggosok gigi dengan terjadinya karies gigi pada anak usia sekolah kelas IV di SD Negeri 132 Palembang tahun 2018. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian  deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah anak sekolah kelas VI di SD Negeri 132 Palembang. Tehnik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan tehnik simple random sampling yaitu sebanyak 129 Responden. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil análisis bivariat dengan  menggunakan ujistatistik chisquare diperoleh nilai p = 0,003< ɑ  maka dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kebiasaan menggosok gigi dengan terjadinya karies gigi pada anak usia sekolah kelas IV di SD Negeri 132 Palembang. Saran: diharapkan bagi SD Negeri 132 Palembang mengontrol kesehatan gigi dan mulut setiap 6 bulan sekali. Kata Kunci     : Kebiasaan Menggosok Gigi Dan Karies Gigi
ANALISIS STRES KERJA TERHADAP SHIFT KERJA PERAWAT DI INSTALASI RAWAT INAP
Authors: Wisuda Aris Citra
Published: March 2022

Latar belakang: Shift kerja merupakan sumber utama dari stres bagi tenaga kerja. Banyak keluhan akibat shift kerja seperti gangguan tidur, selera makan menurun, gangguan pencernaan dan kelelahan selama atau setelah bekerja pada shift malam. Shift kerja merupakan pilihan dalam pengorganisasian kerja untuk memaksimalkan produktivitas kerja sebagai pemenuhan tuntutan pasien. Meskipun memberikan keuntungan terhadap pasien, shift kerja dapat memberikan dampak negatif salah satunya adalah stress kerja. Tujuan: Penelitian ini  untuk mengetahui hubungan shift kerja perawat dengan stres kerja di Instalasi Rawat Inap. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif survey analitik melalui pendekatan desain cross sectional dengan chi square. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Instalasi Rawat Inap pada tanggal 19 Maret sampai dengan 18 April tahun 2020. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah perawat pelaksana di Instalasi Rawat Inap yang berjumlah 93 perawat, yang diambil dengan tehnik Random Assignment Sampling. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan distribusi frekuensi perawat lebih dari setengah mendapatkan jadwal shift pagi sebanyak 62,4%. Distribusi frekuensi perawat lebih dari setengah memiliki stres kerja ringan sebanyak 71,0%. Ada hubungan shift kerja perawat dengan stres kerja (ρ=0,000). Saran: Diharapkan hasil penelitian dapat menjadikan bahan evaluasi untuk perawat dalam upaya penurunan stres kerja dengan meningkatkan pelatihan tentang penerapan teknik relaksasi dan distraksi saat proses kegiatan kerja. Kata Kunci: Shift Kerja, Stres Kerja
ANALISIS KEPATUHAN PENERAPAN PROTOKOL KESEHATAN COVID-19
Authors: Muhith Subhan , Ekawati Dianita , Rosalina Santi , Zaman Chairil
Published: March 2022

Latar belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 masih terjadi di Indonesia, provinsi Sumatera Selatan bahkan di kota Palembang, maka perlu dilakukan pencegahan Covid-19 dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan. Kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan pegawai harus terus ditingkatkan guna memutus mata rantai penularan Covid-19. Pada survei pendahuluan, masih ditemukan pegawai yang belum mematuhi protokol kesehatan dengan angka rata-rata 8,13 %. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan Covid-19. Metode: Survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April-Juni 2021. Jumlah sampel 105 orang. Data primer diperoleh langsung dari responden melalui kuesioner online. Data diolah, disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi, dianalisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara pendidikan (p value = 0,004), pengetahuan (p value = 0,000), sikap (p value = 0,016), penyediaan sarana prasarana (p value = 0,026), edukasi (p value = 0,021) dengan kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan Covid-19. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan penerapan protokol kesehatan Covid-19 adalah variabel sikap dengan Odd Ratio 0,296 (p value = 0,039). Saran: Perlu ditingkatkan kegiatan monitoring dan evaluasi pada program penerapan protokol kesehatan yang telah berjalan dengan memperhatikan sikap pegawai. Kata Kunci : Kepatuhan, Protokol Kesehatan, Covid-19.
IDENTIFIKASI RISIKO ERGONOMI OPERATOR MESIN POTONG GUILLOTINE DENGAN METODE NORDIC BODY MAP (STUDI KASUS DI PT. XZY)
Authors: Rahdiana Nana
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi risiko ergonomi pada operator mesin potong guillotine pada departemen finishing di PT. XYZ, Karawang. Proses pemotongan merupakan bagian penting dari proses produksi sebelum produk dibungkus, masuk gudang dan sampai ke konsumen. Para operator dalam melakukan pekerjaanya dipengaruhi oleh posisi kerja, postur kerja, performa tubuh dan beban fisik. Beban kerja berlebih, postur kerja yang tidak ergonomis, menyebabkan pekerja harus mengeluarkan tenaga lebih sehingga pekerja lebih cepat mengalami kelelahan dan berpotensi timbulnyakeluhan musculoskeletal.

Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional, dengan jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 16 pekerja. Metode penelitianyang digunakan merupakan metode analitik dengan menggunakan kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM). Hasil analisis NBM memberikan informasi perubahan distribusi tingkat keluhan musculoskeletaldisorders (MSDs) operator sebelum bekerja: tidak sakit (TS)=58,3%, agak sakit (AS)=37,5%, sakit (S)=3,3%, sangat sakit (SS)=0,9%; dan setelah bekerja: tidak sakit (TS)=44%, agak sakit (AS)=43,1%, sakit (S)=10,5%, sangat sakit (SS)=2,4%. Jenis keluhan paling dominan untuk tingkat keluhan SS baik sebelum maupun setelah bekerja adalah â€œsakit pada pinggangâ€.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat risiko MSDs pada operator mesin potong guillotine 63% kategori â€œrendahâ€ dan 37% kategori â€œsedangâ€. Sebelum kondisinya menjadi lebih buruk perusahaan disarankan untuk melakukan perbaikan prosedur kerja dan rotasi kerja secara berkala untuk mengurangi risiko MSDs yang dialami pekerja.

Kata Kunci: Operator Guillotine, Beban Kerja, Nordic Body Map, risiko MSDs
(De)Constructing Myths in Editorial Cartoons: The Case of Philippine Elections
Authors: Nares John Albert , Montaña Joveth Jay
Published: March 2022

The electoral situation in the Philippines can be described as dramatic, and it seems to be a severe political competition since various media are exploited and manipulated; either the purpose is to construct or to assassinate one's character. This paper analyzed 20 editorial cartoons to identify the signifiers, infer the connotative meanings, and analyze the myths present in the editorial cartoons that represent the upcoming Philippine National election in 2022. This research employed a qualitative descriptive research design and content analysis. The researchers utilized purposive sampling in selecting the twenty editorial cartoons from reputable newspaper companies in the Philippines. Results of the study showed that the common signifiers present in the editorial cartoons were the men in barong and wearing salakot representing the Filipino citizens, alligator, lion, and pig representing the candidates, and finger-pointing that connotes blaming. Another significant finding that emerged from this study was the nine deconstructed myths inferred from the signifiers: political feud, hiding true intentions, political colors, election promises, power tripping, social media influence in electoral campaigns, foreign influence, honesty in an election, and nuisance candidates. In conclusion, from the perspective of the cartoonists of different media outlets, the election situation in the Philippines is negatively framed. Thus, the researchers recommend to conduct a study related to the signs used to portray the election process to understand the relationship of the concepts between its denotative and connotative meanings.
Moderasi Profitabilitas Atas Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Sari Rafika , Febrianti Renny Aziatul
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine whether profitability can moderate the relationship between corporate social responsibility as well as to see whether there is an influence between corporate social responsibility on corporate value in consumer goods sector companies listed on the IDX during 2017 until carrying out the pandemic period in 2019. Research linking the relationship between these variables and testing it empirically. The results showed a relationship between the social aspects of corporate social responsibility in a company to firm value, either partially or simultaneously. The data analysis method used was linear regression. This method was chosen because the reference shows that there is a match between the analysis tool and the variables studied. The sample in this study uses purposive sampling so that the number of samples is 51 companies taken with the selected criteria. The results of the study indicate that profitability can moderate the relationship between corporate social resonance and there is a positive but insignificant influence between corporate social responsibility and firm value. The results of the study reject the theory and the first hypothesis which suggests that there is a significant influence on firm value, this is because some companies during the pandemic did not carry out corporate social responsibility or did not report it on their annual reports, while the results of this study accept the second hypothesis which states that profitability is able to moderate. the influence of corporate social responsibility on company value, this proves the economic relationship in the social contract which explains that the higher the profit, the greater the company's ability to fulfill its social responsibility and gain the trust of its stakeholders, thereby increasing the company's value.Keywords: Profitability, CSR , Company Value
Mapping; Ranah Affektif (Sikap) Wirausaha Mahasiswa Politeknik Swasta di Palembang
Authors: Cahyani Eni , Harsono Mugi
Published: March 2022

This research is a descriptive study, which aims to investigate the entrepreneurial character of early-level students at the Private Polytechnic in Palembang. The method used to collect data was a sample aiming with the snowball technique. Respondents involved in this study were 203 respondents to fill in 18 questions in the questionnaire. Data analysis using descriptive statistical methods, determined the rank in each character with a comparison between the actual score and the ideal score. The results of this study indicate that of the 6 (six) entrepreneurial characters the calculation of the ideal ideal score is 50.65 (high). Where 4 (four) dominant characters, namely self-confidence, task and result-oriented, originality and future-oriented, while the other 2 (two) entrepreneurs, namely leadership and risk-taking, get a score criterion of 44.1% (moderate). The implication of this research is to provide information for the mapping of the entrepreneurship course curriculum providing information for practical and theoretical material that is in the semester learning plan.Â Keywords: Character, entrepreneurship, studentsÂ Â Â
The Securitized Energy Relationship
Authors: Ababakr Amer
Published: March 2022

The subject of energy security in the international arena came to
the platform with the increasing economic and globalization development in the
framework that is called the 'untraditional security'. In today’s international
relations, Energy security and security issues appear to be extremely
intertwined. Hence, this paper aims to identify the significance of
securitization of the energy relationship between Russia and EU countries by
both sides and its influence on the Energy Security on the regional security
complex between EU countries and Russia. The current study argues that,
regardless of the magnitude of the energy relationship, which manifests itself
in a high degree of interdependence between the two sides, their relationship
saw dispute, because of a high level of securitization process initiated by
both EU member states and Russia.
Desafíos de la educación y el aprendizaje en el Metaverso
Authors: Meyzan Briceño María Amparo
Published: March 2022

La educación está ligada íntimamente al aprendizaje, aunque ambos tienen serias diferencias pero complementarias entre sí. Mientras que la educación es formativo, metodológico, de carácter rígido, cerrado o especializado donde se construye el proyecto de vida; el aprendizaje es flexible y está conectado para adquisición de habilidades, competencias y capacidades que generen rasgos de personalidad como autonomía, responsabilidad, estabilidad emocional, amabilidad, entre otros
Metaversos en el Contexto de la Educación Virtual
Authors: Barráez-Herrera Douglas Pastor
Published: March 2022

Las prácticas trascendentales en el empleo de las tecnologías emergentes son los ecosistemas virtuales en el ámbito educativo, al garantizar la creación del entorno inmersivo de interacción y multisensorial vinculado a las aplicaciones multiusuarios en línea, el cual genera acontecimientos con extraordinarios desarrollos tecnológicos en Internet. El propósito del ensayo argumentativo consistió en abordar reflexiones sobre las características e influencia que juega las herramientas 3D en el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje. La indagación estuvo estructurada en dos (2) grandes apartados formales: el primero fue tendencias tecnológicas disruptivas emergentes que comprenden las tecnologías, los dispositivos móviles, además de la generación de innovadores escenarios digitales de formación, y el segundo describió los mundos virtuales como herramientas multisensoriales desde la incidencia del potencial ofrecido por el incipiente escenario de la realidad virtual, a modo de recursos formativos en la cibercultura de la educación. El escrito se realizó bajo el paradigma interpretativo apoyado en la perspectiva metodológica cualitativa; por medio de la técnica de la lectura a través de un arqueo heurístico. Asimismo, se recurrió a la revisión exhaustiva de las fuentes impresas y digitales como: libros, revistas, diccionarios, tesis, periódicos en línea, páginas web, manejo de documentos audiovisuales, ilustraciones, videos, entre otros tipos de grabaciones. Finalmente, se exteriorizó la interrogante ¿En qué? medida, el metaverso influye en el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje basado en el contexto de la educación virtual? Revelada a lo largo del desarrollo de la investigación mediante la combinación de las palabras clave.
Implementación de la Enseñanza Híbrida como Derivación del COVID-19
Authors: Viera Iván Ariel
Published: March 2022

El uso de tecnologías digitales han intentado instalarse en prácticas de enseñanza desde hace algunos años, y con el surgimiento de una pandemia ha impactado fuertemente a nivel mundial en el sistema educativo, quien no se encontraba preparado para asumir un cambio tan repentino. Esta investigación documental estuvo apoyada en el paradigma humanista, enfoque cualitativo, de tipo narrativo-interpretativo con diseño biográfico, tuvo como objeto conocer experiencias actuales utilizando el modelo híbrido, sus posibilidades de implementación en educación superior Argentina. A causa del COVID-19, han surgido nuevas propuestas de enseñanza virtual o remota en un contexto de incertidumbre con cambios permanentes, lo cual ha desafiado a los docentes, al sistema educativo en general en lo que refiere a la restructuración del proceso de enseñanza como el aprendizaje en el uso de herramientas tecnológicas, su optimización de los canales de comunicación, implementación de novedosas estrategias y dinámicas de trabajo. En el transcurso de cambios, comenzó a utilizarse el término “híbrido” para referenciar a los contextos de enseñanza los cuales alternan prespecialidad con virtualidad. Si bien, no se trata de un enfoque nuevo, se hace necesario explorar tal complejidad de su implementación en el contexto educativo actual, principalmente en el nivel de educación superior, determinando competencias digitales dónde deben desarrollarse los docentes. Los resultados mostraron como cada universidad intenta incluir tecnologías en sus aulas pero aún queda mucho camino por recorrer. Se llega a concluir: Una necesidad de capacitación docente mediante un cambio hacia un paradigma más centrado en el estudiante.
Breast cancer patients with delayed radiotherapy during the pandemic process
Authors: ALTUNDAĞ Muzaffer Bedri , AZAK Can , ERTAŞ Gülçin , ATAR Cafer
Published: March 2022

Aim: In this study; We wanted to examine the changes and delays in radiotherapy of all our breast cancer patients diagnosed with COVID-19

Material and Method: Radiotherapy delays of our breast cancer patients who had COVID-19 infection before and during radiotherapy between March 2020 and March 2021 were evaluated retrospectively.

Results: Sixteen of a total of 642 breast cancer patients, 472 operated and 165 metastatic, who underwent radiotherapy were diagnosed with COVID-19. All patients were women, ages were between 40 and 77 (mean 54.6). Five patients had a mastectomy, 8 had breast-conserving surgery, and 3 had breast cancer with bone metastases. Different radiotherapy schemes were applied at different treatment duration according to the clinical stage and disease status. The first breast cancer patient with COVID-19 infection was diagnosed on 27 June 2020. Our other patients were diagnosed from June to December (n=15) in 2020. Treatment of patients infected during radiotherapy was interrupted after a mean of 10 fractions (2-24 fractions) and treatment was started after a mean of 25 days (21-44 days). Post-operative patients who could not start treatment because they were SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive were able to start treatment after a mean of 22 days (14-30 days).

Conclusion: Radiotherapy could not be started at the recommended times for breast cancer patients infected with COVID-19 during the pandemic and the treatments had to be interrupted. Therefore, more care should be taken in the follow-up of these patients; should be considered as patients at risk for local recurrence and metastasis.
Changing profile of infective endocarditis during 31-year time course in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: DUMAN Ali Erkan , CETİNKAYA SARDAN Yesim
Published: March 2022

Aim: Infective endocarditis (IE), infection of the endocardial surface of heart, may cause mortality up to 30% despite advancements in medical care. Epidemiology of IE and profile of causative organism has changed in the last years. We aimed to investigate the changing profile of IE over a 31-year period in a tertiary care hospital

Material and Method: Medical records of 290 patients treated with the diagnosis of IE between 1974 and 2005 were re-evaluated according to Modified Duke criteria. Forty seven cases were classified as rejected cases.

Results: Of the 243 patients 109 was female (44.8%) and 134 male (55.2%). The mean age of the patients was 38±16.4 years (Table). The mean age of the patients showed an increasing trend throughout the time (p< 0.001) ; it was 29 years between 1974- 1980 but increased to 54 years in 2001-2005 period. Rheumatic valvular disease (RVD) was the most frequent underlying heart disease (60%) but showed a declining trend especially in the last years. S. aureus was the most common pathogen in all the time periods (15.2%). Blood cultures were negative in 90 (43%) patients. But the percentage of blood culture negativitiy decreased significantly from 63% in 1981-1985 periods to 28% in 2001-2005 period. (p: 002). Mitral valve was the most common affected valve (52, 44%). Surgery was performed in 74 of the 243 cases (30.5%). In-hospital mortality rate was 30.6. Mortality rate was significantly lower in patients who underwent surgery compared to ones who did not (19.2% vs. 35.8%, p< 0.005). Mortality rate was also lower in patients with community acquired infection compared to ones with nosocomial infection (27% vs 45%). Embolic events, nosocomial infections and surgery were independent risk factors for mortality.

Conclusion: The mean age of IE population is increasing, RVD disesase is less commonly seen as an underlying heart and S. aureus is the most common pathogen. These findings are compatible with the reports from developed countries. Surgery displays a protective effect on the prognosis of IE
The role of serum lipoprotein levels in predicting independent short-term mortality In COVID-19 patients
Authors: AYDEMİR Semih , HOŞGÜN Derya
Published: March 2022

Background: Plasma lipoprotein levels typically change as a result of systemic inflammation in coronavirus disease (COVID-19). These changes have been reported to be related to the severity and prognosis of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, and cholesterol levels andindependent short-term (28-day) mortality in COVID-19 patients with critical disease.

Material and Method: The retrospective study included patients that had a positive result for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and were followed up in ICU due to pneumonia and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure between March 2020 and January 2021.

Results: The 123 patients comprised 69 (56.1%) women and 54 (43.9%) men with a mean age of 65.41±13.93 years. Mean hospital and ICU stays were 16.07±9.84 and 8.54±8.24 days, respectively. Short-term (28-day) mortality occurred in 33 (26.8%) patients. Mean serum LDL, HDL, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels were 100.61±36.32, 41.57±10.74, 136.67±85.33, and 164.4±40.73 mg/dL, respectively. Short-term (28-day) mortality established a significant relationship with LDL and HDL levels, whereas no significant relationship was established with cholesterol and triglyceride levels (p=0.001, p=0.001, p=0.332, and p=0.222, respectively). The durations of hospital and ICU stay established a significant relationship with LDL levels (p=0.033 and p=0.002, respectively).

Conclusion: Based on our results, we suggest that monitoring HDL and LDL levels with serial measurements in patients with critical and severe COVID-19 pneumonia may be useful for predicting the prognosis.
Mediverdes®: un método para medir la calidad de la recolección del café en el campo
Authors: Guerrero Álvaro , Sanz-Uribe Juan Rodrigo , Peñuela-Martínez Aída Esther , Ramírez César Augusto
Published: March 2022

Con el fin de contribuir al control de la recolección en el campo, se condujo un estudio para desarrollar una herramienta práctica, exacta, económica y fácil de usar, que permitiera medir el contenido de frutos verdes durante la cosecha, de tal manera que puedan tomarse acciones correctivas que permitan tener un café de buena calidad en la tolva de recibo del beneficiadero. Este Avance Técnico muestra los resultados de la optimización de las variables masa y volumen de los frutos de café, para obtener el desarrollo del método con el recipiente Mediverdes.
Intensity and Polarization Characteristics of Extended Neutron Star Surface Regions
Authors: Hu Kun , Baring Matthew G. , Barchas Joseph A. , Younes George
Published: March 2022

The surfaces of neutron stars are sources of strongly polarized soft X-rays due to the presence of strong magnetic fields. Radiative transfer mediated by electron scattering and free–free absorption is central to defining local surface anisotropy and polarization signatures. Scattering transport is strongly influenced by the complicated interplay between linear and circular polarizations. This complexity has been captured in a sophisticated magnetic Thomson scattering simulation we recently developed to model the outer layers of fully ionized atmospheres in such compact objects, heretofore focusing on case studies of localized surface regions. Yet, the interpretation of observed intensity pulse profiles and their efficacy in constraining key neutron star geometry parameters is critically dependent upon adding up emission from extended surface regions. In this paper, intensity, anisotropy, and polarization characteristics from such extended atmospheres, spanning considerable ranges of magnetic colatitudes, are determined using our transport simulation. These constitute a convolution of varied properties of Stokes parameter information at disparate surface locales with different magnetic field strengths and directions relative to the local zenith. Our analysis includes full general relativistic propagation of light from the surface to an observer at infinity. The array of pulse profiles for intensity and polarization presented highlights how powerful probes of stellar geometry are possible. Significant phase-resolved polarization degrees in the range of 10%–60% are realized when summing over a variety of surface field directions. These results provide an important background for observations to be acquired by NASA’s new Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer X-ray polarimetry mission.
METAL: The Metal Evolution, Transport, and Abundance in the Large Magellanic Cloud Hubble Program. III. Interstellar Depletions, Dust-to-Metal, and Dust-to-Gas Ratios versus Metallicity
Authors: Roman-Duval Julia , Jenkins Edward B. , Tchernyshyov Kirill , Clark Christopher J. R. , De Cia Annalisa , Gordon Karl D. , Hamanowicz Aleksandra , Lebouteiller Vianney , Rafelski Marc , Sandstrom Karin , Werk Jessica , Merica-Jones Petia Yanchulova
Published: March 2022

The metallicity and gas density dependence of interstellar depletions, the dust-to-gas (D/G), and dust-to-metal (D/M) ratios have important implications for how accurately we can trace the chemical enrichment of the universe, either by using FIR dust emission as a tracer of the ISM or by using spectroscopy of damped Lyα systems to measure chemical abundances over a wide range of redshifts. We collect and compare large samples of depletion measurements in the Milky Way (MW), Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) (Z = 0.5 Z
⊙), and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) (Z = 0.2 Z
⊙). The relations between the depletions of different elements do not strongly vary between the three galaxies, implying that abundance ratios should trace depletions accurately down to 20% solar metallicity. From the depletions, we derive D/G and D/M. The D/G increases with density, consistent with the more efficient accretion of gas-phase metals onto dust grains in the denser ISM. For log N(H) > 21 cm−2, the depletion of metallicity tracers (S, Zn) exceeds −0.5 dex, even at 20% solar metallicity. The gas fraction of metals increases from the MW to the LMC (factor 3) and SMC (factor 6), compensating for the reduction in total heavy element abundances and resulting in those three galaxies having the same neutral gas-phase metallicities. The D/G derived from depletions are respective factors of 2 (LMC) and 5 (SMC) higher than the D/G derived from FIR, 21 cm, and CO emission, likely due to the combined uncertainties on the dust FIR opacity and on the depletion of carbon and oxygen.
Anisotropic Infall and Substructure Formation in Embedded Disks
Authors: Kuznetsova Aleksandra , Bae Jaehan , Hartmann Lee , Low Mordecai-Mark Mac
Published: March 2022

The filamentary nature of accretion streams found around embedded sources suggests that protostellar disks experience heterogenous infall from the star-forming environment, consistent with the accretion behavior onto star-forming cores in top-down star-cluster formation simulations. This may produce disk substructures in the form of rings, gaps, and spirals that continue to be identified by high-resolution imaging surveys in both embedded Class 0/I and later Class II sources. We present a parameter study of anisotropic infall, informed by the properties of accretion flows onto protostellar cores in numerical simulations, and varying the relative specific angular momentum of incoming flows as well as their flow geometry. Our results show that anisotropic infall perturbs the disk and readily launches the Rossby wave instability. It forms vortices at the inner and outer edges of the infall zone where material is deposited. These vortices drive spiral waves and angular momentum transport, with some models able to drive stresses corresponding to a viscosity parameter on the order of α ∼ 10−2. The resulting azimuthal shear forms robust pressure bumps that act as barriers to radial drift of dust grains, as demonstrated by postprocessing calculations of drift-dominated dust evolution. We discuss how a self-consistent model of anisotropic infall can account for the formation of millimeter rings in the outer disk as well as producing compact dust disks, consistent with observations of embedded sources.
Influence of the Heliospheric Current Sheet on the Evolution of Solar Wind Turbulence
Authors: Shi 时 Chen 辰 , Velli Marco , Tenerani Anna , Réville Victor , Rappazzo Franco
Published: March 2022

The effects of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) on the evolution of Alfvénic turbulence in the solar wind are studied using MHD simulations incorporating the expanding-box model. The simulations show that, near the HCS, the Alfvénicity of the turbulence decreases as manifested by lower normalized cross-helicity and larger excess of magnetic energy. The numerical results are supported by a superposed-epoch analysis using OMNI data, which shows that the normalized cross-helicity decreases inside the plasma sheet surrounding HCS, and the excess of magnetic energy is significantly enhanced at the center of HCS. Our simulation results indicate that the decrease of Alfvénicity around the HCS is due to the weakening of radial magnetic field and the effects of the transverse gradient in the background magnetic field. The magnetic energy excess in the turbulence may be a result of the loss of Alfvénic correlation between velocity and magnetic field and the faster decay of transverse kinetic energy with respect to magnetic energy in a spherically expanding solar wind.
Were the Obliquities in DI Herculis Excited by an Unseen Tertiary Companion?
Authors: Anderson Kassandra R. , Winn Joshua N.
Published: March 2022

The eclipsing binary DI Herculis has garnered interest for several decades because of an apparent disagreement between the observed and calculated values of the apsidal precession rate. The problem was resolved when both stars were found to have high obliquities, but the reason for the high obliquities is unknown. Here, we investigate the possibility that the obliquities are (or were) excited by an unseen tertiary star. Obliquity excitation in the current orbital configuration can be ruled out with existing data; any tertiary star that is sufficiently close or massive to overcome the strong spin–orbit coupling of the binary would have been detected through various dynamical effects. It remains possible that the orbit of DI Herculis was initially wider and the obliquity was excited during high-eccentricity tidal migration driven by a tertiary companion, but in this scenario it would be difficult to explain why the observed spin rates are much faster than the pseudo-synchronous rate. In addition, inward migration is most likely to arise when the mass of the perturbing star is comparable to the binary mass, and such a bright tertiary would have been detected in imaging or spectroscopic data. Alternative explanations that do not invoke a tertiary star should be sought for the large obliquities in DI Herculis.
Investigation of the Long-term Variation of Solar Ca ii K Intensity. II. Reconstruction of Solar UV Irradiance
Authors: Kakuwa Jun , Ueno Satoru
Published: March 2022

Reconstruction of long-term solar UV variations during the entire 20th century is reported. The sunspot number has been used for this purpose so far. By using the full-disk Ca K intensity as an additional solar UV proxy, the range of allowed values for the reconstructed UV irradiance becomes more restricted. We use long-term archival data of the photographic Ca K plates digitized at the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory. The photographic calibration method developed in our previous paper (Paper I) is applied. Various long-term proxy data of solar activity have been used to estimate past UV irradiance. In light of this context, some issues using the historical Ca K data are commented on.
PA1 cells containing a truncated DNA polymerase β protein are more sensitive to gamma radiation
Authors: Patra Anutosh , Nag Anish , Chakraborty Anindita , Bhattacharyya Nandan
Published: March 2022

Purpose: DNA polymerase β (Polβ) acts in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Mutations in DNA polymerase β (Polβ) are associated with different cancers. A variant of Polβ with a 97 amino acid deletion (PolβΔ), in heterozygous conditions with wild-type Polβ, was identified in sporadic ovarian tumor samples. This study aims to evaluate the gamma radiation sensitivity of PolβΔ for possible target therapy in ovarian cancer treatment.Materials and Methods: PolβΔ cDNA was cloned in a GFP vector and transfected in PA1 cells. Stable cells (PA1PolβΔ) were treated with 60Co sourced gamma-ray (0–15 Gy) to investigate their radiation sensitivity. The affinity of PolβΔ with DNA evaluated by DNA protein in silico docking experiments.Result: The result showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) higher sensitivity towards radiation at different doses (0–15 Gy) and time-point (48–72 hours) for PA1PolβΔ cells in comparison with normal PA1 cells. Ten Gy of gamma radiation was found to be the optimal dose. Significantly more PA1PolβΔ cells were killed at this dose than PA1 cells after 48 hours of treatment via an apoptotic pathway. The in silico docking experiments revealed that PolβΔ has more substantial binding potential towards the dsDNA than wild-type Polβ, suggesting a possible failure of BER pathway that results in cell death.Conclusion: Our study showed that the PA1PolβΔ cells were more susceptible than PA1 cells to gamma radiation. In the future, the potentiality of ionizing radiation to treat this type of cancer will be checked in animal models.
Triploid forms’ karyotypes of spined loaches from the genus Cobitis (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) of the upper Dnieper and Western Dvina rivers: Analysis of the triploids’ origin
Authors: Vasil'ev Victor , Vasil'eva Ekaterina
Published: March 2022

Unisexual forms of lower vertebrates (fish, amphibians, and reptiles) reproduced by parthenogenesis, gynogenesis, or hybridogenesis are represented by diploids, triploids, or tetraploids, whose origin is associated with interspecific hybridization. Among fish species, the highest variability of unisexual polyploids was found in the genus Cobitis. The structure of their genomes and putative parental species holds great interest for the investigation in association with questions about possible evolutionary success. In particular, it serves to elucidate the possible high colonization properties of a few polyploid forms, in contrast to the local history of rather numerous hybrid forms with a limited distribution. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the karyotype structure of two newly discovered triploid forms of the genus Cobitis, to analyze their origin and putative parental species. The karyotype structure of 182 spined loach individuals from the Western Dvina River and 91 individuals from the upper Dnieper River of the Smolensk District of Russia was studied. A total of 121 studied individuals from the Western Dvina comprised triploid females with a chromosome number 74 and karyotype consisting of 13 meta-, 39 submeta-, and 22 subtelo-acrocentric chromosomes. Among loaches collected in the upper Dnieper River, 42 triploid females were found with 74 chromosome number including 23 meta-, 26 submeta-, and 25 subtelo-acrocentric chromosomes. Other individuals from both localities were karyologically identified as Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758 with 2n = 48. The triploid form of spined loaches of the Western Dvina River most likely arose as a result of the hybridization of Cobitis tanaitica Bǎcescu et Mayer, 1969 and C. taenia. The range of C. tanaitica, whose karyotype is characterized by an evolutionarily fixed Y-autosomal translocation, is limited to the rivers of the northern coast of the Black Sea. Therefore, hybridization probably happened in late Pleistocene in the Dnieper River system, where both parental species occur. The triploid form that arose here is unique for the Baltic Sea basin. Probably, it colonized the Western Dvina through the artificial Berezinskaya water system (Berezina Canal = Daugava–Dnieper Canal), but at the same time it was forced out of its area of origin by other triploid forms which are now widespread there. According to the karyotype structure, the triploid form, common for both the upper and lower reaches of the Dnieper, has a trihybrid origin, with probable hybridization of Cobitis elongatoides Bǎcescu et Mayer, 1969, C. tanaitica, and yet unidentified species Cobitis sp. Both studied triploid forms are parts of unisexual-bisexual complexes, in which their putative diploid maternal species (C. tanaitica and C. elongatoides) are absent, and the role of the host species involved in reproduction belongs to C. taenia.
A new species of Chaimowiczia from the karstic Serra do Ramalho plateau, Brazil (Oniscidea, Synocheta, Styloniscidae)
Authors: Monticelli Cardoso Giovanna , Bastos-Pereira Rafaela , Lopes Ferreira Rodrigo
Published: March 2022

Chaimowiczia belongs to the subfamily Iuiuniscinae, family Styloniscidae, and is currently composed of two troglobitic species: C. tatus and C. uai, both occurring in Brazil. A new species of Styloniscidae found in Brazil (Bahia state, Serra do Ramalho, Serra Verde cave) was allocated into this genus by the antenna flagellum with three articles; rectangular-shaped lateral pereonites epimera not apically acute and apex of pleopod 2 endopod with an acute tip and an acute or rounded lobe directed outwards. The new species, C. obybytyrasp. nov., is here described and rises to 25 the number of troglobitic styloniscidean species known for Brazilian caves.
Traité du management socio-économique
Authors: Zardet Véronique , Morel Karile
Published: March 2022

À partir de 1987, l’ISEOR a créé des stages inter-entreprises de formation professionnelle, auxquels participent pour l’essentiel des dirigeants, cadres, managers et employés des entreprises où se déroulent les recherches-interventions. Différents stages ont été conçus au fil du temps, spécialisés par thèmes, publics ou langues étrangères. Ces stages produisent des effets scientifiques et pédagogiques, en consolidant un noyau dur de connaissances génériques, à côté des connaissances spécifiques à chaque recherche-intervention, et améliorent les apprentissages et les changements de pratiques managériales et professionnelles. La diversité des participants aux stages y joue un rôle clé.
Traité du management socio-économique
Authors: Frontera Victor , Caumeil Victor
Published: March 2022

Le modèle des entreprises familiales est non seulement très particulier, mais aussi singulier d’une entreprise à l’autre. Il est question ici de démontrer qu’il est possible de conserver un modèle familial dans une entreprise en forte croissance, en le professionnalisant. En s’appuyant sur tout le potentiel interne qui est mis à contribution, en clarifiant le rôle et les prérogatives du management et finalement en harmonisant les pratiques et la vision par un langage commun, l’entreprise familiale peut être un modèle extrêmement performant socialement et économiquement.
Traité du management socio-économique
Authors: Lindsay R. Murray , Savall Henri
Published: March 2022

Le contrôle de gestion dans le monde anglo-saxon a largement suivi une philosophie cybernétique depuis le début du XX e  siècle, le cadre conceptuel de Robert Anthony (1965) ayant eu une profonde influence. La domination de cette philosophie a rendu difficile une conception alternative du contrôle, empêchant un public plus large d’apprécier ce qu’offre le management socio-économique. Cependant, les commentaires d’Anthony (1988) concernant les lacunes de son cadre, qui ont été largement négligées, apportent une clarté exceptionnelle en signalant les questions clés qui sous-tendent ce que Hofstede (1978) appelle « la pauvreté de la philosophie du contrôle de gestion ». Ils permettent également de considérer le management socio-économique sous un jour nouveau et convaincant.
Traité du management socio-économique
Authors: Dupuy Yves , Naro Gérald , Travaillé Denis
Published: March 2022

La contribution interroge les contours des spécialisations en gestion, et plus particulièrement celle en contrôle de gestion. Cette dernière relève en effet d’une convergence paradoxale entre impératifs techniques multiples et vision organisationnelle globale. Ce paradoxe pourrait s’étendre à l’ensemble de la gestion et, par suite, inviter à une conception décloisonnée des recherches, enseignements et pratiques en la matière.
Traité du management socio-économique
Authors: Bacic Miguel Juan
Published: March 2022

La gestion stratégique des coûts (GSC) utilise un ensemble d’outils pour augmenter la valeur des produits et réduire les coûts afin d’améliorer la compétitivité des entreprises. Cependant, il manque un cadre conceptuel plus large qui discute et comprenne la complexité organisationnelle et l’interaction des structures humaines et techniques qui entraînent des dysfonctionnements et des coûts cachés. Le management socio-économique propose ce cadre conceptuel, qui permet une meilleure interprétation de la réalité organisationnelle et l’obtention de meilleurs résultats lors de l’application des outils de GSC.
Traité du management socio-économique
Authors: Nobre Thierry , Cappelletti Laurent
Published: March 2022

Ce chapitre présente comment l’approche socio-économique (ASE) contribue à donner au contrôle de gestion sa dimension de levier de changement pour améliorer la performance de moyen et long terme des organisations. Cette analyse porte plus spécifiquement sur le thème de la santé. Dans un premier temps une synthèse de recherche-intervention montre comment l’ASE implémente le changement dans une organisation de santé à partir des différentes étapes de l’intervention socio-économique. Ensuite, une deuxième approche montre comment les outils de l’ASE par le biais de la normalisation intègrent la préoccupation de la santé au travail pour transformer l’organisation.
Traité du management socio-économique
Authors: Quesada Sánchez Francisco Javier , Jiménez Montañés Ángela
Published: March 2022

Les organisations sont liées et soumises à un ensemble de changements et de menaces qui conditionnent leur comportement socio-économique. Cet ensemble de menaces se traduit par des risques commerciaux, qui doivent être identifiés et valorisés, afin d’atténuer les effets négatifs qu’elles peuvent avoir sur la performance économique et sociale des organisations. Ce chapitre expose et analyse l’importance de l’étude des risques à l’heure actuelle et leur gestion, dans la perspective du modèle COSO et de l’ISO 31000, compte tenu des différentes classifications de risque qui doivent être identifiées. Enfin, nous concluons par une brève présentation des risques à identifier dans l’activité de vérification des comptes, en appliquant le modèle de risque identifié dans la Norme internationale d’audit NIA-ES 315.
Traité du management socio-économique
Authors: Carrasco Daniel , Sánchez Toledano Daniel
Published: March 2022

Actuellement, les entreprises et les organisations disposent d’un large éventail de possibilités technologiques transversales qui constituent une opportunité d’améliorer leur gestion. Notre étude est orientée vers l’analyse des systèmes d’information et l’exploitation des données d’une entreprise de transport collectif, sur l’ensemble de la matrice dimensionnelle de l’organisation, pour la définition d’indicateurs de gestion et de tableaux de bord, qui permettent de générer des informations adéquates pour connaître la réalité de l’organisation et soutenir les processus décisionnels à différents niveaux de responsabilité.