bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A human Myogenin promoter modified to be highly active in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma drives an effective suicide gene therapy
Authors: Pruller Johanna , Hofer Isabella , Ganassi Massimo , Heher Philipp , Ma Michelle T. , Zammit Peter S.
Published: September 2020

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare childhood soft tissue cancer whose cells resemble poorly differentiated skeletal muscle, expressing myogenic proteins including MYOGENIN. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) accounts for ~40% of cases and is associated with a poorer prognosis than other rhabdomyosarcoma variants, especially if containing the chromosomal translocation generating the PAX3-FOXO1 hybrid transcription factor. Metastasis is commonly present at diagnosis, with a five-year survival rate of <30%, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. We designed a suicide gene therapy by generating an ARMS-targeted promoter to drive the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) suicide gene. We modified the minimal human MYOGENIN promoter by deleting both the NF1 and MEF3 transcription factor binding motifs to produce a promoter that is highly active in ARMS cells. Our bespoke ARMS promoter driving HSV-TK efficiently killed ARMS cells in vitro, but not skeletal myoblasts. Using a xenograft mouse model, we also demonstrated that ARMS promoter-HSV-TK causes apoptosis of ARMS cells in vivo. Importantly, combining our suicide gene therapy with standard chemotherapy agents used in the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma, reduced the effective drug dose, diminishing deleterious side effects/patient burden. This modified, highly ARMS-specific promoter could provide a new therapy option for this difficult-to-treat cancer.
Prevalence and risk factors of hypovitaminosis D in pregnant Spanish women
Authors: Díaz-López Andrés , Jardí Cristina , Villalobos Marcela , Serrat Nuria , Basora Josep , Arija Victoria
Published: September 2020

The hypovitaminosis D epidemic is a global health problem. Our aim was to assess the prevalence and potential risk factors of hypovitaminosis D among pregnant women on the eastern Mediterranean coast. Cross-sectional analysis involved 793 healthy pregnant women (35.3 ± 5.0 years) participating in ECLIPSES, a multicenter randomized trial. Socio-demographic, obstetric, anthropometric, lifestyle, dietary variables and blood draw was collected in the first trimester. Vitamin D deficiency was identified in 50.2% and insufficiency in 30.3% of pregnant women. The mean vitamin D level in the overall sample was 33.9 nmol/L (SD, 17.0). Multivariable logistic regression analysis applying AIC-based backward selection identified excess weight during the 1st trimester (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) (OR = 1.950, 95% CI = 1.409, 2.699), Arab ethnic group/dark skin colour (OR = 4.005, 95% CI = 2.488, 6.447), winter/spring (OR = 4.319, 95% CI = 3.112, 5.994), and consumption of milk (OR = 0.754, 95% CI = 0.572, 0.993) and yogurt (OR = 0.635, 95% CI = 0.436, 0.922) as independent risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. All of these factors (except yogurt consumption) and physical activity were independently associated with vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency risk in the final multivariable model (all p < 0.05). All these factors and social class were the most important determinants of circulating 25(OH)D concentrations. Our results confirm a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among pregnant women from the eastern Mediterranean coast.
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging of high altitude patients with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome
Authors: Qin Zongyuan , Kang Dongjie , Feng Xiang , Kong Demin , Wang Fangfang , Bao Haihua
Published: September 2020

The objective of the study was to observe brain function changes in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Hypopnoea Syndrome (OSAHS) patients at high altitude. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) in patients with OSAHS was assessed using regional homogeneity (ReHo), amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and functional connectivity (FC). In this study, 36 male patients with OSAHS and 38 healthy male subjects were recruited from high-altitude areas, specifically, altitudes of 2,000–3,000 m. OSAHS was diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG). The blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals of OSAHS patients and healthy controls in the resting state were obtained and compared using ReHo, ALFF and FC methods. The posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) was selected as the seed region in the comparison of FC between the two groups. Compared with the healthy control group, multiple brain functions in the OSAHS patient group were different. There were correlations between the brain function values of some brain regions and demographic data. We also found that in contrast to earlier findings with individuals in plains areas, the brain function at the frontal lobe and the precuneus were higher in OSAHS patients, and the PCC showed higher FC with the left caudate, which may be due to the high-altitude hypoxic environment.
Author Correction: Up-regulation of Interferon-inducible protein 16 contributes to psoriasis by modulating chemokine production in keratinocytes
Authors: Cao Tianyu , Shao Shuai , Li Bing , Jin Liang , Lei Jie , Qiao Hongjiang , Wang Gang
Published: September 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Answering Mermin’s challenge with conservation per no preferred reference frame
Authors: Stuckey W. M. , Silberstein Michael , McDevitt Timothy , Le T. D.
Published: September 2020

In 1981, Mermin published a now famous paper titled, “Bringing home the atomic world: Quantum mysteries for anybody” that Feynman called, “One of the most beautiful papers in physics that I know.” Therein, he presented the “Mermin device” that illustrates the conundrum of quantum entanglement per the Bell spin states for the “general reader.” He then challenged the “physicist reader” to explain the way the device works “in terms meaningful to a general reader struggling with the dilemma raised by the device.” Herein, we show how “conservation per no preferred reference frame (NPRF)” answers that challenge. In short, the explicit conservation that obtains for Alice and Bob’s Stern-Gerlach spin measurement outcomes in the same reference frame holds only on average in different reference frames, not on a trial-by-trial basis. This conservation is SO(3) invariant in the relevant symmetry plane in real space per the SU(2) invariance of its corresponding Bell spin state in Hilbert space. Since NPRF is also responsible for the postulates of special relativity, and therefore its counterintuitive aspects of time dilation and length contraction, we see that the symmetry group relating non-relativistic quantum mechanics and special relativity via their “mysteries” is the restricted Lorentz group.
In vivo assessment of the antischistosomal activity of curcumin loaded nanoparticles versus praziquantel in the treatment of Schistosoma mansoni
Authors: Mokbel Kamal El-Din M. , Baiuomy Ibrahim R. , Sabry Abd El-Hamid A. , Mohammed Mona M. , El-Dardiry Marwa A.
Published: September 2020

Schistosomiasis is a serious parasitic infection affecting millions worldwide. This study aimed to explore the anti-schistosomal activity of curcumin and curcumin loaded gold-nanoparticles (Cur-GNPs) with or without praziquantel (PZQ). We used six groups of the C57BL/6 mice in which five groups were infected with Schistosoma Mansoni (S. mansoni) cercariae and exhibited, separately, to different treatment regimens of curcumin, curcumin loaded nanoparticle, and PZQ, in addition to one untreated group which acts as a control. Mice were sacrificed at the 8th week where both worms and eggs were counted in the hepatic and porto-mesenteric vessels in the liver and intestine, respectively, in addition to a histopathological examination of the liver granuloma. Curcumin caused a significant reduction in the worms and egg count (45.45%) at the 3rd week. A significant schistosomicidal effect of PZQ was found in all groups. Cur-GNPs combined with PZQ 97.4% reduction of worm burden in the 3rd week and the highest reduction in the intestinal and hepatic egg content, as well, besides 70.1% reduction of the granuloma size. The results suggested the curcumin in combination with PZQ as a strong schistosomicidal regimen against S. mansoni as it alters the hematological, biochemical, and immunological changes induced.
A machine learning-based diagnostic model associated with knee osteoarthritis severity
Authors: Kwon Soon Bin , Ku Yunseo , Han Hyuk-Soo , Lee Myung Chul , Kim Hee Chan , Ro Du Hyun
Published: September 2020

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is characterized by pain and decreased gait function. We aimed to find KOA-related gait features based on patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and develop regression models using machine learning algorithms to estimate KOA severity. The study included 375 volunteers with variable KOA grades. The severity of KOA was determined using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). WOMAC scores were used to classify disease severity into three groups. A total of 1087 features were extracted from the gait data. An ANOVA and student’s t-test were performed and only features that were significant were selected for inclusion in the machine learning algorithm. Three WOMAC subscales (physical function, pain and stiffness) were further divided into three classes. An ANOVA was performed to determine which selected features were significantly related to the subscales. Both linear regression models and a random forest regression was used to estimate patient the WOMAC scores. Forty-three features were selected based on ANOVA and student’s t-test results. The following number of features were selected from each joint: 12 from hip, 1 feature from pelvic, 17 features from knee, 9 features from ankle, 1 feature from foot, and 3 features from spatiotemporal parameters. A significance level of < 0.0001 and < 0.00003 was set for the ANOVA and t-test, respectively. The physical function, pain, and stiffness subscales were related to 41, 10, and 16 features, respectively. Linear regression models showed a correlation of 0.723 and the machine learning algorithm showed a correlation of 0.741. The severity of KOA was predicted by gait analysis features, which were incorporated to develop an objective estimation model for KOA severity. The identified features may serve as a tool to guide rehabilitation and progress assessments. In addition, the estimation model presented here suggests an approach for clinical application of gait analysis data for KOA evaluation.
Response of plant reflectance spectrum to simulated dust deposition and its estimation model
Authors: Zhu Jiyou , Zhang Xinna , He Weijun , Yan Xuemei , Yu Qiang , Xu Chengyang , Jiang Qun’ou , Huang Huaguo , Wang Ruirui
Published: September 2020

To quantitatively reflect the relationship between dust and plant spectral reflectance. Dust from different sources in the city were selected to simulate the spectral characteristics of leaf dust. Taking Euonymus japonicus as the research object. Prediction model of leaf dust deposition was established based on spectral parameters. Results showed that among the three different dust pollutants, the reflection spectrum has 6 main reflection peaks and 7 main absorption valleys in 350–2500 nm. A steep reflection platform appears in the 692–763 nm band. In 760–1400 nm, the spectral reflectance gradually decreases with the increase of leaf dust coverage, and the variation range was coal dust > cement dust > pure soil dust. The spectral reflectance in 680–740 nm gradually decreases with the increase of leaf dust coverage. In the near infrared band, the fluctuation amplitude and slope of its first derivative spectrum gradually decrease with the increase of leaf dust. The biggest amplitude of variation was cement dust. With the increase of dust retention, the red edge position generally moves towards short wave direction, and the red edge slope generally decreases. The blue edge position moved to the short wave direction first and then to the long side direction, while the blue edge slope generally shows a decreasing trend. The yellow edge position moved to the long wave direction first and then to the short wave direction (coal dust, cement dust), and generally moved to the long side direction (pure soil dust). The yellow edge slope increases first and then decreases. The R2 values of the determination coefficients of the dust deposition prediction model have reached significant levels, which indicated that there was a relatively stable correlation between the spectral reflectance and dust deposition. The best prediction model of leaf dust deposition was leaf water content index model (y = 1.5019x − 1.4791, R2 = 0.7091, RMSE = 0.9725).
Data-driven prediction and analysis of chaotic origami dynamics
Authors: Yasuda Hiromi , Yamaguchi Koshiro , Miyazawa Yasuhiro , Wiebe Richard , Raney Jordan R. , Yang Jinkyu
Published: September 2020

Advances in machine learning have revolutionized capabilities in applications ranging from natural language processing to marketing to health care. Recently, machine learning techniques have also been employed to learn physics, but one of the formidable challenges is to predict complex dynamics, particularly chaos. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of quasi-recurrent neural networks in predicting extremely chaotic behavior in multistable origami structures. While machine learning is often viewed as a “black box”, we conduct hidden layer analysis to understand how the neural network can process not only periodic, but also chaotic data in an accurate manner. Our approach shows its effectiveness in characterizing and predicting chaotic dynamics in a noisy environment of vibrations without relying on a mathematical model of origami systems. Therefore, our method is fully data-driven and has the potential to be used for complex scenarios, such as the nonlinear dynamics of thin-walled structures and biological membrane systems.
A simple reagent-less approach using electrical discharge as a substitution for chelating agent in addressing genomic assay inhibition by divalent cations
Authors: Jin Hyowon , Yoon Yeomin , Liles Mark R. , Chua Beelee , Son Ahjeong
Published: September 2020

Electrical discharge treatment was shown to be a viable substitution for chelating agent in genomic assays.
An ‘on-demand’ photothermal antibiotic release cryogel patch: evaluation of efficacy on anex vivomodel for skin wound infection
Authors: Rosselle Léa , Cantelmo Anna Rita , Barras Alexandre , Skandrani Nadia , Pastore Michael , Aydin Duygu , Chambre Laura , Sanyal Rana , Sanyal Amitav , Boukherroub Rabah , Szunerits Sabine
Published: September 2020

NIR-light activable cryogels based on butyl methacrylate and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate modified with reduced graphene oxide and loaded with cefepime was tested on an infectedex vivoskin model as skin regeneration scaffold.
Metallurgical approach to enhance the electrochemical activity of magnesium anodes for magnesium rechargeable batteries
Authors: Mandai Toshihiko , Somekawa Hidetoshi
Published: September 2020

Appropriate control of the crystal orientation and the grain size combined with Ca element alloying results in a highly active magnesium metallic anode.
Macroscopic quantum electrodynamics and density functional theory approaches to dispersion interactions between fullerenes
Authors: Das Saunak , Fiedler Johannes , Stauffert Oliver , Walter Michael , Buhmann Stefan Yoshi , Presselt Martin
Published: September 2020

Van der Waals potentials determine supramolecular structures of molecules in ground and long-lived electronically excited states. We investigate how macroscopic quantum electrodynamics can be used to efficiently describe such potentials based on (TD)DFT-derived polarizabilities.
Why lanthanide ErIII SIMs cannot possess huge energy barriers: a theoretical investigation
Authors: Lu Fang , Ding Man-Man , Li Jia-Xin , Wang Bao-Lin , Zhang Yi-Quan
Published: September 2020

It is difficult for ErIII-based SIMs to possess energy barriers as high as DyIII through enhancing the surrounding equatorially coordinated ligand field.
A highly stable polyoxovanadate-based Cu(i)–MOF for the carboxylative cyclization of CO2with propargylic alcohols at room temperature
Authors: Tian Hong-Rui , Zhang Zhong , Liu Shu-Mei , Dang Tian-Yi , Li Zhuo , Lu Ying , Liu Shu-Xia
Published: September 2020

A POVs-based Cu(i)–MOF was synthesized and utilized as a heterogeneous catalyst for the cyclization of CO2with propargylic alcohols to obtain value-added α-alkylidene cyclic carbonates, exhibiting high catalytic activity and sustainability.
Correction: Supported heterogeneous nanocatalysts in sustainable, selective and eco-friendly epoxidation of olefins
Authors: Sharma Anuj S. , Sharma Vinay S. , Kaur Harjinder , Varma Rajender S.
Published: September 2020

Correction for ‘Supported heterogeneous nanocatalysts in sustainable, selective and eco-friendly epoxidation of olefins’ by Anuj S. Sharma et al., Green Chem., 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0gc01927e.
Identifying different states of lithiation of Li4Ti5O12 spinel by energy-dispersive inelastic X-ray scattering (EDIXS) spectroscopy
Authors: Robledo José Ignacio , Leani Juan José , Chauque Susana , Cámara Osvaldo , Oliva Fabiana Yolanda , Sánchez Héctor Jorge
Published: September 2020

EDIXS is used to differentiate LTO chemical compounds (lithiated and de-lithiated) with high sensitivity. The proposed methodology can be applied to other lithium-based materials as well as those based on sodium and polyvalent cations.
A microfluidic chip for screening high-producing hybridomas at single cell level
Authors: Zhang Weikai , Li Ren , Jia Fei , Hu Zhiyuan , Li Qin , Wei Zewen
Published: September 2020

Hybridomas are a commonly used, or even the only option, for laboratory study and pilot production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which are crucial for both targeted therapy and biomedical study.
The synthesis of a Cu0.8Zn0.2Sb2–polyacrylamide nanocomposite by frontal polymerization for moisture and photodetection performance
Authors: Chaudhary Priyanka , Maurya Dheeraj Kumar , Tripathi Ravi Kant , Yadav B. C. , Golubeva Nina D. , Knerelman Evgeniya I. , Uflyand Igor E. , Dzhardimalieva Gulzhian I.
Published: September 2020

Herein, the preparation of a Cu0.8Zn0.2Sb2AAm–polymer nanocomposite synthesizedviaa frontal polymerization technique is reported, together with its humidity sensing and photoconductive behaviour.
Prediction of two-dimensional CP3 as a promising electrode material with a record-high capacity for Na ions
Authors: Cheng Zishuang , Zhang Xiaoming , Zhang Hui , Gao Jianbo , Liu Heyan , Yu Xiao , Dai Xuefang , Liu Guodong , Chen Guifeng
Published: September 2020

CP3 anode can provide Na-ion capacity to as high as 2298.9 mA h g−1, which breaks the value recorded using borophene (1984 mA h g−1).
Deciphering the chemical instability of sphaeropsidin A under physiological conditions – degradation studies and structural elucidation of the major metabolite
Authors: van der Westhuyzen Alet E. , Ingels Aude , Rosière Rémi , Amighi Karim , Oberer Lukas , Gustafson Kirk R. , Wang Dongdong , Evidente Antonio , Maddau Lucia , Masi Marco , de Villiers André , Green Ivan R. , Berger Walter , Kornienko Alexander , Mathieu Veronique , van Otterlo Willem A. L.
Published: September 2020

The degradation of the fungal metabolite sphaeropsidin A, under physiological conditions, was investigated and the structure of the major degradation product determined.
One-pot access to 2-amino-3-arylbenzofurans: direct entry to polyheterocyclic chemical space
Authors: Prasad Sure Siva , Joshi Dirgha Raj , Lee Jeong Hwa , Kim Ikyon
Published: September 2020

Exploitation of one-pot sequential assembly reactions provides two efficient synthetic routes to 2-amino-3-arylbenzofurans, versatile intermediates of novel polyheterocycles.
Quinoidal thioalkyl-substituted bithiophene small molecule semiconductors for n-type organic field effect transistors
Authors: Joseph Vellaichamy , Yu Chih-Hsin , Lin Chia-Chi , Lien Wei-Chieh , Tsai Hsin-Chia , Chen Cheng-Shiun , Torimtubun Alfonsina Abat Amelenan , Velusamy Arulmozhi , Huang Ping-Yu , Lee Gene-Hsiang , Yau Shueh-Lin , Tung Shih-Hung , Minari Takeo , Liu Cheng-Liang , Chen Ming-Chou
Published: September 2020

Solution-processable dicyanomethylene end-capped bithiophene quinoidal organic semiconductors with four inserted thioalkyl side chains exhibit an electron mobility of 0.18 cm2 V−1 s−1 with excellent ambient and operational stability.
Enhancing the performance of all vapor-deposited electron-conductor-free CsPbBr3 photodetectors via interface engineering for their applications in image sensing
Authors: Liu Xingyue , Tan Xianhua , Liu Zhiyong , Zhang Xuning , Shi Tielin , Liao Guanglan
Published: September 2020

An all vapor-deposited electron-conductor-free CsPbBr3 photodetector array is fabricated and successfully applied for high-quality image sensing.
LncRNA HAND2-AS1 inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells by inactivating PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Gao Ting , Dai Xiaoqiang , Jiang Yindi , He Xiaopeng , Yuan Shuli , Zhao Peiwen
Published: September 2020

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major subtype of lung cancer and is correlated with high incidence and mortality rate. Functionality of lncRNA HAND2-AS1 is only reported in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma and osteosarcoma. In our study, the role of HAND2-AS1 in NSCLC was investigated.

Methods: We first detected the expression of HAND2-AS1 in lung tissues and serum of both NSCLC patients and healthy controls by qRT-PCR. Correlation between HAND2-AS1 expression level and clinical data of NSCLC patients was analyzed by Chi-square test. NSCLC cells, and cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and expression of PI3K/Akt pathway-related proteins were detected by CCK-8 assay, cell apoptosis assay and Western blot, respectively.

Results: HAND2-AS1 expression was significantly down-regulated in NSCLC. HAND2-AS1 and tumor size of NSCLC patients were closely associated. Serum HAND2-AS1 can be used to effectively distinguish osteosarcoma patients from healthy controls, and it can also be used to predict prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. HAND2-AS1 overexpression inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, and down-regulated phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt pathway-related proteins. PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor showed no significant effects on HAND2-AS1 expression, but reduced its effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Conclusion: We conclude that HAND2-AS1 may suppress the proliferation of NSCLC cells by targeting PI3K/Akt pathway.
CRISPR-based gene expression control for synthetic gene circuits
Authors: Santos-Moreno Javier , Schaerli Yolanda
Published: September 2020

Synthetic gene circuits allow us to govern cell behavior in a programmable manner, which is central to almost any application aiming to harness engineered living cells for user-defined tasks. Transcription factors (TFs) constitute the ‘classic’ tool for synthetic circuit construction but some of their inherent constraints, such as insufficient modularity, orthogonality and programmability, limit progress in such forward-engineering endeavors. Here we review how CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology offers new and powerful possibilities for synthetic circuit design. CRISPR systems offer superior characteristics over TFs in many aspects relevant to a modular, predictable and standardized circuit design. Thus, the choice of CRISPR technology as a framework for synthetic circuit design constitutes a valid alternative to complement or replace TFs in synthetic circuits and promises the realization of more ambitious designs.
Word Form Processing in Primary School Children: A Psycholinguistic Perspective
Authors: Hein Karin , Kauschke Christina
Published: September 2020

Purpose

From a psycholinguistic perspective, the quality of the stored word form in the phonological input lexicon, as well as its effective retrieval from the phonological output lexicon, is of great importance in lexical processing. This study aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of (a)typical word form processing in primary school children. In particular, age-related development and profiles of word form processing including children's response behavior were investigated.

Method

A sample of 164 monolingual primary school children (6–9 years of age) was tested in a cross-sectional design using two word form–related tasks (auditory lexical decision and rapid naming) with carefully controlled stimuli in combination with traditional vocabulary tests and a nonword repetition task.

Results

First, an age-related improvement (better performance and acceleration of reaction times) was found for both word form–related tasks. Second, a cluster analysis revealed five clusters with different profiles of word processing. Beside a cluster with overall results of above average, we found two clusters including children with typical lexical abilities who applied specific strategies to deal with the tasks (speed–accuracy trade-offs). Two other clusters represented weak lexical abilities at different levels of word processing.

Conclusions

Children's abilities in word form processing develop over time and are characterized by developmental boosts that occur at different times in development. The uncovered profiles document patterns of (a)typical lexical processing. Since difficulties with word form processing are easily overlooked in clinical assessment, lexical decision and rapid naming tasks offer valuable tools for an in-depth evaluation of lexical skills.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12986036
Effect of luminosity outbursts on protoplanetary disk dynamics
Authors: Vorobyov Eduard I. , Elbakyan Vardan G. , Takami Michihiro , Liu Hauyu B.
Published: September 2020

Aims. The response of a protoplanetary disk to luminosity bursts of various durations is studied with the purpose to determine the effect of the bursts on the strength and sustainability of gravitational instability in the disk. A special emphasis is paid to the spatial distribution of gas and grown dust (from 1 mm to a few centimetres) during and after the burst.

Methods. Numerical hydrodynamics simulations were employed to study the dynamics of gas and dust in the thin-disk limit. Dust-to-gas friction, including back reaction and dust growth, were also considered. Bursts of various durations (from 100 yr to 500 yr) were initiated in accordance with a thermally ignited magnetorotational instability. Luminosity curves for constant- and declining-magnitude bursts were adopted to represent two typical limiting cases for FU Orionis-type eruptions.

Results. The short-term effect of the burst is to reduce the strength of gravitational instability by heating and expanding the disk. The longest bursts with durations comparable to the revolution period of the spiral can completely dissolve the original two-armed spiral pattern in the gas disk by the end of the burst, while the shortest bursts only weaken the spiral pattern. The reaction of grown dust to the burst is somewhat different. The spiral-like initial distribution with deep cavities in the inter-armed regions transforms into a ring-like distribution with deep gaps. This transformation is mostly expressed for the longest-duration bursts. The long-term effect of the burst depends on the initial disk conditions at the onset of the burst. In some cases, vigorous disk fragmentation sets in several thousands of years after the burst, which was absent in the model without the burst. Several clumps with masses in the giant-planet mass range form in the outer disk regions. After the disk fragmentation phase, the spatial distribution of grown dust is characterized by multiple sharp rings located from tens to hundreds of astronomical units. The arrangement and sharpness of the rings depends on the strength of dust turbulent diffusion. The wide-orbit rings are likely formed as the result of dust-rich clump dispersal in the preceding gravitationally unstable phase.

Conclusions. Luminosity bursts similar in magnitude to FU Orionis-type eruptions can have a profound effect on the dynamics of gas and dust in protoplanetary disks if the burst duration is comparable to, or longer than, the dynamical timescales. In this context, the spatial morphology of the gas-dust disk of V883 Ori, a FU Orionis-like object that is thought to be in the outburst phase for more than a century with an unknown onset date, may be used as test case for the burst models considered in this work. The potential relation of the obtained ring structures to a variety of gaps and rings observed in T Tauri disks remains to be established.
The enigmatic globular cluster UKS 1 obscured by the bulge: H-band discovery of nitrogen-enhanced stars
Authors: Fernández-Trincado José G. , Minniti Dante , Beers Timothy C. , Villanova Sandro , Geisler Doug , Souza Stefano O. , Smith Leigh C. , Placco Vinicius M. , Vieira Katherine , Pérez-Villegas Angeles , Barbuy Beatriz , Alves-Brito Alan , Bidin Christian Moni , Alonso-García Javier , Tang Baitian , Palma Tali
Published: September 2020

The presence of nitrogen-enriched stars in globular clusters provides key evidence for multiple stellar populations (MPs), as has been demonstrated with globular cluster spectroscopic data towards the bulge, disk, and halo. In this work, we employ the VVV Infrared Astrometric Catalogue (VIRAC) and the DR16 SDSS-IV release of the APOGEE survey to provide the first detailed spectroscopic study of the bulge globular cluster UKS 1. Based on these data, a sample of six selected cluster members was studied. We find the mean metallicity of UKS 1 to be [Fe/H] = −0.98 ± 0.11, considerably more metal-poor than previously reported, and a negligible metallicity scatter, typical of that observed by APOGEE in other Galactic globular clusters. In addition, we find a mean radial velocity of 66.1 ± 12.9 km s−1, which is in good agreement with literature values, within 1σ. By selecting stars in the VIRAC catalogue towards UKS 1, we also measure a mean proper motion of (μαcos(δ), μδ) = (−2.77 ± 0.23, −2.43 ± 0.16) mas yr−1. We find strong evidence for the presence of MPs in UKS 1, since four out of the six giants analysed in this work have strong enrichment in nitrogen ([N/Fe] ≳ +0.95) accompanied by lower carbon abundances ([C/Fe] ≲ −0.2). Overall, the light- (C, N), α- (O, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti), Fe-peak (Fe, Ni), Odd-Z (Al, K), and the s-process (Ce, Nd, Yb) elemental abundances of our member candidates are consistent with those observed in globular clusters at similar metallicity. Furthermore, the overall star-to-star abundance scatter of elements exhibiting the multiple-population phenomenon in UKS 1 is typical of that found in other global clusters (GCs), and larger than the typical errors of some [X/Fe] abundances. Results from statistical isochrone fits in the VVV colour-magnitude diagrams indicate an age of 13.10−1.29+0.93 Gyr, suggesting that UKS 1 is a fossil relic in the Galactic bulge.
Planning and Design of a PV-Battery Microgrid System for Improving the 22 kV Radial Distribution System of the Sichang Island in Thailand
Authors: Suyalue Yutthana , Sangpanich Umarin
Published: September 2020

Voltage drop and energy loss issues in remote areas will degrade the reliability of power system when loads are subsequently increased. This paper aims to design a PV-Battery microgrid system to enhance the performance of the 22 kV radial distribution system of the Sichang island, which is situated remotely in the Gulf of Thailand. The locations and capacities of the PV-Battery microgrid systems were determined based on voltage regulation and limited feeder rating following the Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) standard and projected energy loss reduction for increasing load demand within the next twenty years. The DigSILENT Power Factory were used for the simulation. From survey and simulation results, these locations are technically suitable for installation. A capacitor bank system should be installed at the end of power-line branch with the suitable sizing of 1.5 MVar. A microgrid PVBattery system should be installed with a PV-array of 1.5 MWp at the cape area and batteries of 1.08 MWh at the PEA operator center, and batteries of 1.44 MWh and 5.28 MWh at the starting point of the island’s distribution line.
Implementation of low-rise construction projects as factor of improving level and quality of life in depressed territories
Authors: Gusakova Natalya , Minaev Nikolay , Gusakov Alexander
Published: September 2020

The conducted research was devoted to the development and validation of criteria for low-rise housing construction in small towns and rural areas remote from major cities. The purpose of the research is to develop fundamental criteria that allow achieving a synergistic effect based on integrated development of a territory, together with improvement of standard of living and creation of comfortable conditions for the population. This research can be applied in design of programs for development of construction industry, including low-rise construction. Scientific merit of the article lies in the fact that the developed criteria make it possible to identify the main features of efficient low-rise housing construction: comfort, safety, energy efficiency, modernity of engineering equipment. These features are able to ensure construction of such energy-efficient low-rise comfortable and affordable housing, which will contribute to sustainable development of a region and make small towns and villages attractive for young professionals and young families.
Application of ABC and XYZ Analysis to Inventory Optimization at a Commercial Enterprise
Authors: Trubchenko T G , Kiseleva E S , Loshchilova M. A. , Dreval A N , Ryzhakina T G , Shaftelskaya N V
Published: September 2020

Inventory management at an enterprise is the essential logistics function. Reducing inventory maintenance costs and optimizing the range of goods while focusing on consumer demand analy-sis are inextricably linked to inventory management methods. This article describes the differentiated inventory management model of the ABC-XYZ classification matrix in relation to the inven-tory of Karandash LLC commercial enterprise (Tomsk). Inventory management is a highly relevant issue, since the company has several branches, cooperates with many suppliers, and its range of office supplies includes more than 30 000 items. The ABC-XYZanalysis of the inventory of this commercial enterprise allowed us to determine strategies for optimizing inventory and to identify the groups that should be removed from the range, and, vice versa, should be available in stock due to constant demand.
Comparative Cross-Country Analysis of Sustainable Development of Russian Economy
Authors: Tsitlenok Vladimir , Roshсhina Irina , Lisovskaya Ekaterina , Krishtal Igor , Rozhanskaya Elena
Published: September 2020

This article addresses the phenomena of sustainable development of national economies driven by global inconsistency between nature resource intensive material production and severely limited natural resources. As a result, there is an increasing need for transition to global environmentally sound production. The article tests out the hypothesis about the mixed revolutionary and evolutionary nature of the sustainable development of the Russian economy. This type of sustainable development implies considerable fluctuations of its level depending on the scale and intensity of innovation activities. The results of the factor research and comparative cross-country analysis of the integral stability of the Russian economy are presented. The article provides the rationale for using more differentiated factors to rate national economies by the level of their dynamic sustainability. Dynamic sustainability factors that were identified made it possible to rate Russia’s economy among other national economies by the level of its sustainable development. The article suggests causes for the potential decrease in the sustainability of the Russian economy in the context of the deployment of the ‘Industry 4.0’ global production and technology platform. It also sets out conditions as well as measures to reduce the risks of considerably unbalancing functional systems of the Russian economy.
Analysis of digital profile of the financial market: a methodological approach of Russian Central Bank
Authors: Pyatina Elena A. , Ilina Tatiana G. , Tyuleneva Nataliya А. , Khabibulina Alesya N.
Published: September 2020

Currently the processes of digitalization have a strong impact on all spheres of society. Fundamental changes are observed in the economy due to digital expansion, implementing and usage of various modern technologies. The financial market as an essential part of the economy was the first thing that had to be digitalized. The Central Bank of the Russian Federation is actively engaged in the development of financial technologies in the financial market. Financial technologies can affect the availability of financial products and services, which in the future will contribute to sustainable development and increase the competitiveness of the entire financial sector. The Central Bank of the Russian Federation as a megaregulator monitors the financial market and currently a comprehensive system of relevant indicators is being formed. It is to assess the specifics of different profiles of the financial market, reflecting its most important characteristics, including the level of digitalization. It has been recognized to take a closer look at the description of such a concept as the digital profile of the financial market. To describe the entire financial market, we need comprehensive methodological approach that would reflect its characteristics. The research was conducted on the basis of studying the existing experience of analyzing the market of financial and technological services, its features, as well as methods and indicators for assessing the level of digitalization of the financial sector. The article proposed the concept of a digital profile of the financial market and developed a methodological approach for its analysis in order to implement the functions of the Central Bank of Russian Federation.
Lokal fortgeschrittene und metastasierte Karzinome
Authors: Krome Susanne
Published: September 2020

Etwa 70–90 % der Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Karzinomen leiden unter anhaltender Erschöpfung, Müdigkeit und Kraftlosigkeit. In frühen Tumorstadien eigneten sich sowohl psychotherapeutische als auch bewegungsfördernde Maßnahmen zur Behandlung einer Fatigue. An 9 niederländischen Zentren erhielten nun Patienten während einer Palliativtherapie eine Psychotherapie, ein begleitetes Training oder die Standardversorgung.
Metastasiertes malignes Melanom
Authors: Krome Susanne
Published: September 2020

Etwa jeder 2. Patient mit einem fortgeschrittenen malignen Melanom spricht nicht auf eine Checkpointblockade an. Die Identifizierung dieser Erkrankten mithilfe der PD-1- und PD-L1-Expression im Tumor gelingt nur unzureichend. Der quantitative, prätherapeutische Nachweis von PD-1/PD-L1 im Serum eignete sich als prädiktiver Biomarker für den Therapieerfolg.
Urothelkarzinom
Authors: Schmale Ine
Published: September 2020

Obwohl die Mehrzahl der Patienten mit fortgeschrittenem Urothelkarzinom mit der Platin-basierten Erstlinientherapie eine Krankheitskontrolle erreichen, sind das progressionsfreie Überleben (PFS) und das Gesamtüberleben (OS) aufgrund von Chemotherapieresistenzen kurz. PD-L1/PD-1-Inhibitoren sind der Standard der Zweitlinientherapie. In der JAVELIN Bladder 100-Studie wurde nun untersucht, ob die Checkpoint-Inhibition als Erhaltungstherapie nach Platinum-basierter Induktionstherapie eine wirksame Strategie ist. Die Ergebnisse der Studie wurden beim ASCO als Late Breaking Abstract Nummer 1 präsentiert.
Metastasiertes Mammakarzinom
Authors: Schmale Ine
Published: September 2020

Dass die frühe lokale Therapie des Primarius bei Patientinnen mit metastasiertem Mammakarzinom nicht sinnvoll ist, wurde beim diesjährigen virtuellen ASCO als eine der wichtigsten Botschaften in der Late-Breaking-Abstract-Sitzung erörtert. Erfolgreicher scheint das Zuschneiden der Behandlung des metastasierten Mammakarzinoms auf spezifische Gruppen von Patientinnen, um die Prognose der betroffenen Frauen zu verbessern.
Management der Primären Ciliären Dyskinesie
Authors: Raidt J. , Brillault J. , Brinkmann F. , Jung A. , Koerner-Rettberg C. , Koitschev A. , Linz-Keul H. , Nüßlein T. , Ringshausen F. C. , Röhmel J. , Rosewich M. , Werner C. , Omran H.
Published: September 2020

Die Primäre Ciliäre Dyskinesie (PCD, MIM 242650) ist eine seltene hereditäre Multisystemerkrankung mit klinisch heterogenem Phänotyp. Leitsymptom ist eine chronische Sekretretention der oberen und unteren Atemwege, welche durch die Dysfunktion motiler respiratorischer Zilien entsteht. In der Folge kommt es zur Ausbildung von Bronchiektasen, häufig zu einer Infektion durch Pseudomonas aeruginosa sowie einer abnehmenden Lungenfunktion bis hin zum Lungenversagen.

Bislang gibt es kaum evidenzbasierte Therapieempfehlungen, da randomisierte Langzeitstudien zur Behandlung der PCD fehlten. In diesem Jahr wurden die Daten einer ersten placebokontrollierten Medikamentenstudie bei PCD veröffentlicht. Anlässlich dieses Meilensteins im Management der PCD wurde der vorliegende Übersichtsartikel als Konsens von Patientenvertretern sowie Klinikern, die langjährige Erfahrung in der Behandlung der PCD haben, verfasst. Diese Arbeit bietet eine Zusammenfassung aktuell eingesetzter Behandlungsverfahren, die überwiegend auf persönlichen Erfahrungen und Expertenmeinungen beruhen oder von anderen Atemwegserkrankungen wie der Cystischen Fibrose (CF), COPD oder Bronchiektasen-Erkrankung abgeleitet werden. Da es derzeit keine kurative Therapie für PCD gibt, stehen symptomatische Maßnahmen wie die regelmäßige Reinigung der Atemwege und die Behandlung von rezidivierenden Atemwegsinfektionen im Fokus. Nicht respiratorische Manifestationen werden organspezifisch behandelt. Um neben der ersten Medikamentenstudie mehr evidenzbasiertes Wissen zu generieren, werden weitere Projekte etabliert, u. a. ein internationales PCD-Register. Hierüber wird Patienten der Zugang zu klinischen und wissenschaftlichen Studien erleichtert und die Vernetzung behandelnder Zentren gefördert. Des Weiteren können Erkenntnisse über eine Genotyp-spezifische Erkrankungsschwere erlangt werden, um folglich die therapeutische Versorgung der Patienten zu verbessern und somit zu individualisieren.
Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor: A Rare Brain Tumor with Excellent Seizure Control after Surgical Resection
Authors: Arora Rajnish Kumar , Bhargava Pranshu , Arora Poonam , Joshi Prashant , Basu Garga , Mittal Radhey Shyam
Published: September 2020

Introduction Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNET) is a rare cause of intractable epilepsy, which has excellent results in terms of seizure control after surgical resection. We present one such case, because of its rarity, to highlight the effect of tumor removal on seizure control, particularly DNET.

Materials and Methods/Case Summary A 9-year-old male patient presented with sudden onset of partial seizures for the past 6 months. There were five episodes. In each episode, the patient engaged in irrelevant talk, followed by deviation of mouth to left and twitching movements. The episode lasted 5 minutes and there was no loss of consciousness. There was no aura or tongue bite, and in one of the episodes, the patient lost consciousness. There was no other significant positive history. On examination, the child was consciously alert, without focal neurological deficit or features of meningitis. There was no papilledema. The patient was on phenytoin sodium, phenobarbitone and clobazam. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain was done with and without contrast. MRI revealed a lesion approximately 4.1 × 3.6 × 3.2 cm in the right medial temporal lobe. It was hypointense to brain on T1 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Diffusion restriction was present and there was minimal contrast uptake. There was no evidence of mass effect or midline shift After discussing the risks and benefits with parents, the patient underwent preanesthetic checkup, and was taken up for craniotomy and excision of tumor. Gross total excision was done. The child was started orally on day 1 postoperatively and ambulated. There were no further seizure episodes. The patient was continued on phenytoin and clobazam, and phenobarbitone was tapered gradually. At 6 months, the child was seizure-free.

Conclusions DNET are rare tumors occurring early in life and presenting with intractable seizures. Surgical resection offers a good and safe chance for long-term seizure control.
Cognitive, Behavioral, and Functional Impairments among Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors: Impact on Caregiver Burden
Authors: Devi Yashodha , Khan Sahiba , Rana Priyanka , Deepak  , Dhandapani Manju , Ghai Sandhya , Gopichandran Lakshmanan , Dhandapani Sivashanmugam
Published: September 2020

Background The burden of cognitive, behavioral, and functional impairments after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still not highlighted much, but its impact on caregivers is socio-economically relevant. The objectives of the study were to assess cognitive, behavioral, and functional impairments in patients of TBI and its impact on caregiver burden.

Materials and Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a total enumeration sampling technique. Mini-mental status examination, neuropsychiatric inventory and Rappaport’s disability rating scale were used to assess patients’ cognitive, behavioral, and functional impairments, respectively. Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale was executed to quantify the caregiver burden.

Results Fifty patients of TBI and their caregivers were enrolled. Among these, 24% had moderate cognitive impairments. Among behavioral symptoms, 40% had agitation, 24% had depression, 18% had anxiety, and 16% had irritability. Moderate functional disability was reported by 18% of the patients, while 2% reported severe functional disability. Moderate to severe caregiver burden was reported by 8% of caregivers. Patients’ behavioral (r = 0.507, p < 0.001), functional (r = 0.473, p = 0.001), and cognitive (r = –0.438, p = 0.001) impairments had significant correlations with caregiver burden.

Conclusion Patients develop cognitive, behavioral, and functional disability after TBI. The caregiver burden increases significantly with cognitive dysfunction, behavioral symptoms, and impaired functional status of patients. Therefore, appropriate support is to be provided to caregivers as well as patients.
Dynamical impacts of the coupling in a model of interactive infectious diseases
Authors: Olivares Patricio , Creixell Werner , Fujiwara Naoya
Published: September 2020

Multiple models have been proposed to describe the epidemic spreading in the presence of interactions between two or more infectious diseases, but less is known about how dynamical aspects, such as time scales of diseases, affect the epidemic spreading. In this work, we evaluate the time shift produced in the number of people infected from one disease when interacting with another disease. Using a compartmental model, we produce different forms of relationship as competition, cooperation, and independence, assessing the effect of each one in the final result. We focus on the case of the unidirectional coupling between diseases, which enables us to study the impact of a perturbation to a driving disease on the driven one. We found that the prevalence of the driven disease is strongly affected if its time scale, defined by the time where the infection reaches the peak, is comparable to that of the driving disease. The secondary peak of the infection was observed under cooperative coupling if the time scale of the driving disease is much longer than that of the driven one.