bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shift from traditional into interactive approach: teaching monologue with the use of information and communication technologies
Authors: Rizakhojayeva Gulnara A. , Akeshova Madina M.
Published: July 2022

Problem and goal. In modern society, the fundamental priorities are both the continuous renewal and recreation of the language personality of students, and the necessary competencies and abilities for the practical application of what has been learned to solve urgent problems. The concept of the formation of a “secondary language personality” that currently exists in the methodology of foreign language education and training implies the unconditional presence of competencies, the key and most significant of which is communicative. The level of formation of communicative competence is determined by the presence of awareness in the perception of the socio-cultural portrait of the country of a foreign language; social, cultural and ethnic tolerance; speech etiquette and courtesy in communication; possibility of finding ways to resolve conflicts in communication. The above tasks take place to be implemented only if the educational process is created and maintained in the context of a dialogue of cultures. But it is impossible without the introduction of information and digital technologies into the educational process. The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness and relevance of the application of various methods, techniques and exercises using information technology to develop students’ speech skills (in particular, monologue speech). Methodology. The pedagogical experiment consisted of four stages: the organization of the study, the implementation of the experiment, the identification of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the results of experimental learning, the interpretation of the causes and factors influencing the results. Results. The performance of the experimental group is relatively higher than that of the control group. The explanation for these results can be the different degree of performance of groups, the level of motivation of students, as well as the technologies used in the learning process. The data of the study of the quality of monologue speech at the control stage (test-cut of the experimental group) compared with the indicators of the ascertaining stage increased by an average of 10% in all parameters. Conclusion. Results of the experimental and control groups prove that the quality of the classes, the introduction of innovative and information technologies, as well as the motivation of students play an important role in the process of teaching a foreign language.
Features, experience and benefits of implementing STEAM technology in the main school
Authors: Semenova Daria A.
Published: July 2022

Problem statement. The educational life of the modern school is a huge field for observation and analysis. A variety of technologies used in the world to enhance cognitive activity and increase the role of independence in the activities of students create new forms and methods within the educational process. STEAM technologies are actively used in the system of additional education. However, the use of such technology in the main educational process has not been practically studied. This is due to the difficulty of combining innovative approaches with the implementation of the school curriculum. Methodology. The study uses methods for designing a learning model, pedagogical experiment, observation, conversation, and experience generalization. Content analysis and thematic monitoring of existing publications were carried out for the keywords, such as STEAM-technologies, increase of cognitive activity, and creation of educational laboratories. Results. The three-year experience of experimental application of educational STEAM-technology in the primary school is considered in order to analyze and highlight the most significant examples of the application of this technology for practice. The essence and features of the educational STEAM technology are described, as well as the ways of creating educational laboratories based on the proposed approaches implemented within the framework of the study. Significant aspects of the use of such technology in the modern school are revealed. Examples from the practice of school work are given, types of laboratories, goals and content of training, and obtained educational results are considered. Conclusion. In the process of performing research work using STEAM technology in the educational process of the secondary school, the most effective ways to create educational laboratories and the most significant aspects of the use of such technology in school were identified.
Physico-Chemical Characterization of Rivaroxaban and Compatibility Studies with Its Pharmaceutical Excipients
Authors: Nadendla Rama rao , Juluri Satyanarayana , Doppalapudi Sai shanmukh srinivas , Pyda Venkata harshavardhan , Tadiboina Avinash , Addanki Vishnuvarddhaan , Kalluri Sriharshavardhan
Published: July 2022

Physico-chemical compatibility studies were performed to check the effect of different excipients on API and it is the prerequisite in the preformulation studies. The main aim of this research is to study the behavior of the API individually and with the selected pharmaceutical excipients which mainly contribute in the selection of suitable excipients for developing an ideal dosage form. Rivaroxaban is an oral anticoagulant that mainly acts by blocking coagulant factor Xa. Incompatibility studies were performed for rivaroxaban with selected pharmaceutical excipients like HPMC, lactose, magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate, microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, HPC using the Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimeter. A 1:1 physical mixture of rivaroxaban and selected excipient was analysed using differential scanning calorimeter. Rivaroxaban showed the transition at 231.79 0C with 114.2J/g specific heat of fusion. The transition temperature of rivaroxaban has not changed much when compared with the combination of rivaroxaban with excipients. The 2Î¸ values of the standard drug were compared with the spectrum obtained from the XRD study. This comparison showed that there was no evidence regarding the incompatibility of the drug with excipients. The photomicrographs obtained by SEM did not showed any interaction between rivaroxaban and the excipients, providing visual support for the results.Â
Una biblioteca americana en Roma: universalidad y fragilidades en la escritura misionera (1566-1725)
Authors: Gaune Rafael , Fontaine Correa Amparo
Published: July 2022

El artículo propone una discusión metodológica y conceptual para el estudio de los libros sobre misiones americanas que fueron publicados en Roma entre 1566 y 1725. Se pregunta en qué medida Roma constituyó un punto de referencia y escala de observación del mundo americano por medio de sus publicaciones sobre misiones en América. En este periodo, Roma se consolidó como el centro normativo y articulador del programa universalista del catolicismo, no obstante, su papel en la producción y la difusión de conocimiento sobre las misiones americanas no ha sido suficientemente estudiado. Por consiguiente, este artículo investiga las implicancias culturales, políticas e intelectuales de publicar sobre misiones dentro del mundo editorial romano e inscribir, de este modo, a América y a la escritura misionera dentro del proyecto de universalidad representado por Roma. En estrecha relación con esta pregunta, se propone que la escritura misionera conjuga el proyecto universalista de misión con la experiencia particular del misionero y sus fragilidades en América.
Criando a Atacama: desde el tributo y el reparto forzoso de mercancías hasta el fiado estatal y la contribución indigenal (siglos XVI al XIX)
Authors: Chiappe Carlos , Carmona Yost Javier
Published: July 2022

En este artículo analizamos el desarrollo agrícola, ganadero y arriero en Atacama a partir de fuentes editadas e inéditas. Desde una perspectiva de  larga duración, exponemos los cambios y las continuidades a lo largo de las diversas  administraciones, sus efectos en el proceso regional, la ideología del poder y sus políticas, la agencia indígena, los condicionantes materiales y las contradicciones estructurales. El estudio permite comprender la articulación entre las formas de dominación y las sociedades indígenas en el proceso de conformación de los paisajes agromineros de un espacio fronterizo, concebido como hostil y con una larga orientación extractiva.
Research data management policies in USA, UK and Australia universities: An online survey
Authors: Liu Guifeng , Zotoo Isidore Komla , Su Wencheng
Published: July 2022

There has been an increase in demand for research data management (RDM) policies to improve the quality of research data however, there is no clear-cut policy content to guide the process. The purpose of this study is to identify the existing RDM policies. Specifically, the study compares and differentiates the RDM policies in three developed nations (USA, UK and Australia) to ascertain how the policies vary. The RDM policies of 100 universities from the three countries, that are present online were retrieved and content analysis approach using NVivo and SPSS were performed. The results from the analysis revealed that the common underlying facts of the policies were found in the areas of access, retention, sharing, storage and ownership. All the universities share the same core values in the management of their research. They exhibit that Data Management Plan (DMP) is essential. The study concluded that the differences in the data management are mostly issues of focus areas. More so, there is no fixed retention period for research data. To resolve the few differences identified, common criteria for data management is proposed for policy considerations to ensure compliance. Finding from the study is significant to developing countries as it adds to the discourse on data management policies. The study will also enable policy makers in developing countries to draw empirical evidence from the developed world on RDM and this will form a basis for policy direction.
Copyright issues faced by libraries in the time of corona: An insight into the position under Malaysian Copyright Law
Authors: Peng Sik Cheng
Published: July 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak has brought substantial disruption to life and many sectors at one stroke. The pandemic has forced the closure of many schools and universities across the world. With teaching and learning activities being shifted to an entirely online environment, libraries too, undergo dramatic changes in the way they deliver and supply materials. Libraries may meet the need and request for resources when people stay or work at home by either scanning the physical books in their collections, or to make available e-Books to a greater number of users. Nonetheless, the said two acts may trigger copyright issues. This research aims to explore the copyright challenges encountered by libraries when engaged in the said activities and seeks to suggest the possible approaches to be pursued by libraries in doing so. This research employs the doctrinal research methodology, the typical methodology for legal research. With the findings of this research, it is hoped that this paper may clear the air on the copyright concerns faced by libraries during the pandemic. In addition, the paper also strives to offer guidance to the libraries in Malaysia as to how they may perform their role during a virus outbreak without infringing copyright.
How are the new wave of Chinese researchers shaping up in scholarly communication terms?
Authors: Xu Jie , Chen Dianyun , He Chen , Zeng Yuanxiang , Nicholas David , Wang Zixian
Published: July 2022

The study investigates the attitudes and practices of Chinese early career researchers (ECRs) in regard to all scholarly aspects, providing the findings in the context of the academic assessment policies change in China over the last decade. The data were gathered by means of an online questionnaire survey, which obtained 263 Chinese ECRs’ responses. The main conclusions are: (a) journal-based indicators (e.g. journal reputation, Journal Impact Factor, Science Citation Index, etc.) are crucial when Chinese ECRs read and publish; (b) assessment policy plays a vital role when Chinese ECRs decide where to publish; (c) open access and open data have been widely recognized and warmly welcomed by Chinese ECRs, however, they will only publish in open access journals and open their research data if they get rewarded by the evaluation system; (d) most Chinese ECRs had good experience of peer review and they are in favor of double blind peer review; (e) Chinese ECRs are heavy users of social media, they are sophisticated in finding scholarly information online and communicating with peers and colleagues with social media tools.
Dynamics of relevance judgment during physicians’ online information search process for patient treatment
Authors: Kim Soon , Chung EunKyung , Kwon Nahyun
Published: July 2022

Physicians rely on online sources of information more so than ever, to find the information they need when treating patients, but little is known about determining the relevance criteria when searching for online sources. Relevance judgment criteria can change with a user’s background knowledge on a search topic. Physicians are a subset of users who have received insufficient attention in this relevance criteria research topic. Due to the dynamic and multidimensional nature of relevance judgments, it is important to understand how relevance judgment criteria change in the course of information search. This study aims to determine the dynamics in relevance judgment criteria in physicians’ information search process. We observed ten internal medicine physicians while they searched the online clinical information resource to resolve a clinical question concerning patient treatment. They rated on a checklist to assess relevance judgment criteria at each of the three stages in the search process, namely, problem recognition (before searching), system interaction (searching for online resources), and document interaction (selecting the final documents after searching). We conducted pre-interview and post-interview to probe physicians search behaviours and reasons for the assessments. Topical relevance, accuracy, and credibility were found to be the most important criteria for all three search stages; however, ratings of some relevance judgment criteria, such as title, obtainability, personal preference, and understandability, changed markedly across the search process. The criteria regarding the information content tended to be more important during the problem recognition stage, while the criteria in the information format became more important as the search progressed. Physicians preferred recently published review articles in highly reliable journals with well-written article outlines, which allowed them to have quick and clear understanding of the contents. By identifying specific relevance criteria prominent at each search stage, our study revealed that physicians employ a unique set of criteria when judging the relevance. Given the fact that physicians are relying on online resources to find answers to patient care, this study can help in developing the effective clinical information systems for physicians and integrating into the Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems.
The Impact of Family Medicine Interest Groups and Student-Run Free Clinics on Primary Care Career Choice: A Narrative Synthesis
Authors: Sairenji Tomoko , Kost Amanda , Prunuske Jacob , Wendling Andrea L. , Morley Christopher P. , Polverento Molly E. , Young Virginia , Phillips Julie P.
Published: July 2022

Background and Objectives: Student-directed activities such as family medicine interest groups (FMIG) and student-run free clinics (SRFC) have been examined to discover their impact on entry into family medicine and primary care. The objective of this review was to synthesize study results to better incorporate and optimize these activities to support family medicine and primary care choice.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search using PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL to identify all English-language research articles on FMIG and SRFC. We examined how participation relates to entry into family medicine and primary care specialties. Exclusion criteria were nonresearch articles, review articles, and research conducted outside the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. We used a 16-point quality rubric to evaluate 18 (11 FMIG, seven SRFC) articles that met our criteria.
Results: Of the nine articles that examined whether FMIG participation impacted entry into family medicine, five papers noted a positive relationship, one paper noted unclear correlation, and three papers noted that FMIG did not impact entry into family medicine. Of the seven articles about SRFC, only one showed a positive relationship between SRFC activity and entry into primary care.
Conclusions: Larger-scale and higher quality studies are necessary to determine the impact of FMIG and SRFC on entry into family medicine and primary care. However, available evidence supports that FMIG participation is positively associated with family medicine career choice. In contrast, SRFC participation is not clearly associated with primary care career choice.
How Medical Education Pathways Influence Primary Care Specialty Choice
Authors: Ledford Christy J.W. , Guard Esther L. , Phillips Julie P. , Morley Christopher P. , Prunuske Jacob , Wendling Andrea L.
Published: July 2022

Background and Objectives: Primary care is associated with improved patient health and reductions in health disparities. Consequently, the demand for primary care physicians is increasing. To meet this demand, medical schools have employed strategies to graduate students interested in primary care careers, including medical education pathways—structured, longitudinal experiences that are explicitly separate from the main curricular scope of the undergraduate medical education experience. Our goal was to explore and identify common characteristics of medical education pathways that influence primary care specialty choice.
Methods: Using research articles identified through a scoping review, we performed a qualitative content analysis of studies that evaluated the impact of medical education pathways on medical students’ choices of primary care careers.
Results: Sixty-three papers described 43 medical education pathways; most studies used quantitative methods to describe outcomes. Program characteristics mapped onto five levels of an emerging socioecological model: state or national, community, institutional, relational, and individual.
Conclusions: Successful medical education pathway programs complement a medical school curriculum that supports a common goal, and demonstrate multiple levels of structural and institutional factors that develop community connectedness, relatedness, and longitudinal community engagement in students. Further work is needed to better understand how each of these levels influence career choice and to reassess how to measure and report medical education outcomes that will more accurately predict the student choice of primary care careers.
Necrosis bacilar en larvas de ostras Crassostrea gigas. Reporte de caso
Authors: Varela Mejías Alexander
Published: July 2022

La presencia de bacterias del género Vibrio spp., en los sistemas de producción de moluscos bivalvos, es un factor de riesgo considerable en la producción de los mismos, este documento, presenta el procedimiento y los resultados obtenidos en un bioensayo realizado con larvas de ostra del Pacífico Crassostrea gigas. Desafiadas con una cepa patogénica de Vibrio alginolyticus, aislada a partir de una muestra de larvas D muertas. Se describe la evolución del cuadro clínico lesional durante las primeras 24 horas y los resultados de los análisis bacteriológicos. La mortalidad de los grupos desafiados superó el 90%. Los recuentos bacterianos finales superaron los 2,7x104 ufc/ml. Las cepas recuperadas de los organismos muertos fueron similares en morfología a las utilizadas en el inóculo infeccioso. Permitiendo establecer la causalidad de esta cepa con las mortalidades observadas en un tanque de producción.
A ATUALIDADE DA FILOSOFIA COMO MANEIRA DE VIVER
Authors: Da Silva Martins Jasson
Published: July 2022

A concepção de filosofia como maneira de viver, apresentada e atualizada a partir da obra do helenista Pierre Hadot (1922-2010) é o tema do presente artigo. O resultado deve tornar visível o quanto essa concepção é atual e equiparada à própria noção de filosofia, realizada a partir da prática dos exercícios práticos de filosofia, caracterizados por Hadot como sendo espirituais.
Administração e relações de trabalho na contemporaneidade: uma tendência denominada uberização
Authors: Santos da Silva José Antônio , Araújo Santos Daniela , Moreira Chaves Adller , Teixeira de Assunção Eliane
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho pretende analisar de que maneira os avanços tecnológicos impactam as novas configurações de trabalho, revelando a dicotomia entre o aumento da capacidade produtiva das empresas e a exploração e desproteção dos trabalhadores, em escala global. Busca-se, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, evidenciar o olhar das correntes reflexivas (Estudos Organizacionais) e críticas (Estudos Críticos) da Administração acerca do fenômeno da uberização do trabalho, visto que muitos dos serviços prestados com a intermediação de aplicativos digitais não constituem vínculo empregatício por expressa previsão legal, sendo atribuídas aos indivíduos todas as responsabilidades dos custos e possíveis ônus dessas relações. Ademais, a despeito do que apregoam empresas que intermedeiam serviços de transporte, limpeza e tantos outros, o discurso sobre autonomia financeira e liberdade de horário contradiz-se com o controle excessivo do trabalho, taxas abusivas e custeamento exclusivo das ferramentas de trabalho por parte dos chamados parceiros. Desse modo, constatam-se, em pleno século XXI, formas de gerenciamento do trabalho com condições reinventadas e que remontam ao período anterior à Revolução Industrial. Conclui-se, portanto, que a Administração não deve ficar alheia a esses fenômenos e que os seus desafios são contundentes para a desmistificação das correntes hegemônicas do campo.
Determinantes da mortalidade por Covid-19 no Rio de Janeiro em 2020
Authors: Floriano Lourenço Gabriel , Soares dos Santos Priscila
Published: July 2022

Com a descoberta do vírus SARS-CoV-2 e a emergência da pandemia de Covid-19, os estudos para estimar e combater os efeitos da doença avançam e aprimoram-se ao redor do mundo. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os determinantes da mortalidade por Covid-19 no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Para isso, foram utilizados dois modelos, o Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários de corte transversal para os municípios fluminenses, e o do tipo probit em nível individual para os infectados com a doença no Estado. Os principais resultados mostram que variáveis relacionadas a determinados fatores, como idade, raça, condições de saúde dos pacientes, desenvolvimento e infraestrutura do sistema de saúde dos municípios, afetam a mortalidade por Covid-19 no estado do Rio de Janeiro.
Determinantes do empreendedorismo brasileiro: uma análise por setores
Authors: Monteiro da Silva Rodrigo , Aparecida Bastos Luciana
Published: July 2022

O empreendedorismo é um tema há muito discutido na ciência econômica e ganhou grande destaque quando, na segunda metade do século XX, começou-se a entender que os empreendedores são responsáveis pela inovação do sistema econômico e influenciam positivamente o desenvolvimento econômico. Diante desse contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar os determinantes do empreendedorismo no Brasil, desagregando a análise em seis setores econômicos, com base nos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua, para o ano de 2020, e por meio da aplicação de um modelo logístico e da razão de chances. Os principais resultados mostram que fatores como ser homem, branco e chefe de família afetam positivamente a probabilidade de o indivíduo ser empreendedor, mas que esse efeito não é o mesmo na análise entre setores. Mostram também que baixos níveis de escolaridade reduzem a probabilidade de empreender. Eessa relação se inverte entre aqueles com mais anos de escolaridade. No caso dos homens, 14 anos ou mais; das mulheres, 15 anos ou mais de estudos.
Segmentação produtiva e determinantes da inserção feminina nos mercados de trabalho metropolitanos brasileiros
Authors: Nascimento de Jesus Vivian , Da Cruz Lima Ana Carolina
Published: July 2022

Há indícios de segmentação nos mercados de trabalho brasileiros por sexo e cor, tanto salarial como ocupacional. Assim, o objetivo do artigo é analisar os determinantes da condição ocupacional feminina, com ênfase nos indicadores das mulheres que se autodeclaram pretas e pardas. A base de dados utilizada, construída a partir dos microdados da PNAD/IBGE 2015, permite identificar características que indicam a vulnerabilidade socioeconômica deste grupo, em razão de menores rendimentos auferidos e percentagens elevadas de desocupação. Para verificar os principais determinantes da inserção ocupacional, um modelo de regressão logística multinomial foi estimado. Os resultados obtidos confirmam a hipótese de segmentação nos mercados de trabalho das principais metrópoles brasileiras: (i) mulheres têm maior probabilidade de inatividade e desocupação em comparação aos homens; e (ii) pretos e pardos têm significativas chances de estarem desocupados, em comparação a brancos. A complexidade da inserção ocupacional intensifica-se em regiões mais desenvolvidas.
O papel da mulher na produção e reprodução do trabalho no capitalismo à luz de alguns conceitos
Authors: Nascimento de Oliveira Silva Maryanna , Braz da Costa Andréa
Published: July 2022

O objetivo deste artigo foi abordar a discussão empreendida em torno do papel da mulher na produção e reprodução da força de trabalho no capitalismo, observando fatores históricos, sociais e econômicos. Para isso, fez-se uma revisão de literatura, enfocando aspectos da inserção do trabalho feminino no capitalismo, com base nas dimensões da produção e reprodução social, de modo a enfatizar elementos sínteses da discussão. Nessa perspectiva, o procedimento técnico utilizado foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, de natureza exploratória, com a finalidade de mapear conceitos considerados relevantes no campo da tradição mais crítica, a exemplo das contribuições de Kergoat (2009), Saffioti (2015) e Hirata (2017), entre outras. Diante do que se discutiu, é possível argumentar que a divisão sexual do trabalho interfere de modo a naturalizar as atividades desenvolvidas pelas mulheres e pelos homens na sociedade e esse processo prejudica a vida das trabalhadoras. Assim, as fontes consultadas levantam questões, visto que os trabalhos considerados de maior valor social continuam reservados aos homens e os de cuidado e de reprodução da força de trabalho, indispensáveis à produção e reprodução da vida, são realizados de forma gratuita pelas mulheres, permanecendo invisíveis e desvalorizados. Além da reprodução social, observa-se um agravamento da condição socioeconômica da mulher negra em relação à mulher branca, ser mulher e ser negra agudizam as desigualdades sociais. Nesse sentido, é importante discutir relações sociais considerando sexo, raça e classe no mercado de trabalho, na produção e reprodução capitalista, porque a sociedade é atravessada pela marca do sexo, da raça e da classe.
ENGAJAMENTOS E REDES SOCIAIS: OS DESCENDENTES POMERANOS EM BUSCA DE RECONHECIMENTO
Authors: Souza Marcos Teixeira de
Published: July 2022

A partir dos anos 80 principalmente, muitos descendentes pomeranos iniciaram algumas ações no sentido de conhecer melhor sua língua, cultura, música, danças e outras expressões artísticas, de modo a preservar as origens de seus antepassados. A partir dos anos 2000, a internet e, sobretudo, as redes sociais, seriam um instrumento não só para unir determinados atores sociais em torno da defesa da cultura e Língua Pomerana, mas também para difundir conhecimentos sobre a imigração (ou diáspora) pomerana no Brasil. A cidade Santa Maria de Jetibá seria praticamente um epicentro destas ações, com projetos, eventos, materiais e pesquisas, em geral. Em meio a um processo gradual de extinção da Língua Pomerana no mundo, vários descendentes pomeranos estão criando matérias didáticos e outras publicações a fim de preservar o idioma, bem como de unir os descendentes pomeranos no país. O presente artigo, com base numa pesquisa bibliográfica e etnográfica, pretende apontar alguns aspectos desta tentativa de unir aos descendentes pomeranos por meio do engajamento nas redes sociais e de tornar a Língua Pomerana mais utilizada na escrita, seja nas redes sociais e fora delas, tais como o Programa de Educação Escolar Pomerana (PROEPO) e a atuação da pedagoga Lilia Jonat Stein.
Family ownership and M&As: A systematic review of the last two decades
Authors: Galavotti Ilaria
Published: July 2022

Strategic decision-making in family firms tends to prioritize the maintenance of family control and long-term investments relative to short-term opportunities. At the same time, however, family firms usually demonstrate a low appetite for risk. In view of its multifaceted and contradictory value as a means for corporate growth and as a driver of corporate risk, mergers and acquisitions (M&As) have been at the core of multiple scholarly conversations on family firms. This study offers a systematic literature review of the last two decades of academic studies on M&As in the context of family firms
Reinforcing the “regional promotional institutions and banks” corporate governance: A conceptual paper
Authors: Tutino Marco , Regoliosi Carlo , Mattei Giorgia , Santolamazza Valentina , Carsetti Simone
Published: July 2022

The present research seeks to shed light on and solve some issues related to the corporate governance of a category of entities that is fundamental for Italy’s economic and social development, the regional promotional institutions and banks. These problems arise from the hybridity of these institutions since they do not assume a unique and specific corporate governance model, presenting contradictions concerning their structure, control, the business carried out, and the corporate purpose. The necessity to address this topic comes from the relevant role these entities will play in future sustainable development
Is there (a methodology to measure) a corporate governance risk premium in the corporate cost of capital?
Authors: Bertinetti Giorgio , Mantovani Guido Max
Published: July 2022

The research proposes to intend the firm as a nexus of stakeholder, each bearing return-to-risk expectations about the sharing of the corporate performance
Does board of directors’ remuneration affect banks’ performance? A broad empirical analysis in the US banking system
Authors: Capuano Paolo
Published: July 2022

This paper explores the relationship between directors’ remuneration and banks’ performance using extensive panel data for the period 2002–2021, to be able to make comparisons between the COVID-19 period and the pre-COVID-19 period and also make a comparison with the Great Financial Crisis born in the US in 2007. The scientific analysis methodology adopted is based on panel data analysis and the content analysis approach. The first results of the data analysis allow highlighting the existence of a significant connection between the remuneration policies adopted by the US banks with respect to the results obtained in terms of profitability. These findings can help banks identify best practices for bank management during the financial international crisis, as well as provide useful insights to different categories of stakeholders, including bank regulators and supervisors
ESG features in financial instruments: A challenge for the accounting treatment
Authors: Pucci Sabrina , Venuti Marco , Lupatelli Umberto
Published: July 2022

The volume of financial instruments including environmental, social, and governance (ESG) features is rapidly increasing with a result that the scale of the issue continues to increase in the lack of a specific accounting rule. This situation creates a deep debate referring to the possibility of financial instruments with an ESG factor to pass the solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) test according to the current requirements in International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 9. The debate is not only present in Europe but also in the US. The current accounting standards are not able to define a unique accounting solution for instruments that incorporate ESG factors and when these factors are material for the market, it is not clear which may be the proper solution to present them in the financial statements. The main issue is if it needs to separate ESG features from the basic financial instruments. Existing different positions on this issue, European Financial Reporting Advisory Group (EFRAG) proposed to International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) the introduction of more guidance and examples to apply in a consistent way the current provisions set forth by IFRS 9. In a dynamic market characterized by strong growth and the introduction of new complex instruments, the solution proposed by the EFRAG appears minimal. The introduction of a specific section of IFRS 9 addressed to this issue may be more appropriate in the light of the existing attention on the ESG features disclosure and the possibility to provide specific metric that permits measurement of the ESG features separately from the basic lending instrument
Strategies for enhancing the functionality of hospital management boards in central hospitals: Evidence of a developing economy
Authors: Funhiro Webster , Yalezo Bhasela , Mutambara Emmanuel
Published: July 2022

Zimbabwe’s public hospitals have been in a declining mode for three consecutive decades marred by economic hardships rooted in the deteriorating governance structures and systems at a provincial and national level. The decline is purported to weaken the strategies that enhance the functionality of board management (Gilson & Agyepong, 2018). Efforts by the government to introduce effective strategies to revamp and enhance the functionality of public hospital boards have been in vain (Moyo, 2016; Sikipa, Osifo-Dawodu, Kokwaro, & Rice, 2019). The aim of the study is to explore strategies for enhancing the functionality of hospital management boards (HMBs) in central hospitals of Zimbabwe using a survey in order to improve performance, and service delivery overall. The study employed a qualitative research design gathering data by interviewing 12 respondents as the sample for the study selected from a target population of 66 hospital chief executive officers (CEOs) and board chairs. The 12 respondents were selected using the purposive sampling technique based on experience and knowledge as the inclusion and exclusion criteria of participants. The study revealed 6 critical strategies as gaps that hospitals need to enhance to improve on performance. These include networking, monitoring and evaluation, revenue generation, public-private partnerships (PPPs), HMB operational plan, and transparency in the selection and appointment of board members. The gaps identified required policy review to strengthen the appointment and performance of HMBs.
Sex differences and temporal trends in hospitalization for catheter ablation of non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a single-center experience for 15 years
Authors: Peng Xiaodong , Li Linling , Mengxia Zhang , Zhao Qianqian , Wu Kui , bai rong , Ruan Yan Fei , Ma Chang Sheng , Liu Nian
Published: July 2022

Background: There exist sex differences in the clinical profile,
management, and outcome of atrial fibrillation (AF). Catheter ablation
of AF has become a first-line therapy and has markedly made headway over
recent decades. Little is known about sex differences and temporal
trends in hospitalization for catheter ablation of AF in the real-world
setting. Conclusions: Safety of catheter ablation for AF were comparable
in both sexes. In contrast, the women showed a higher CHA2DS2-VA score
compared with the men. The percentage of patients with CHA2DS2-VA score
≥2 increased more quickly in women than men. Further sex-specific
research is warranted to reduce this sex disparity.
Comparing iDNA from mosquitoes and flies to survey mammals in a semi-controlled area
Authors: Saranholi Bruno , Rodriguez-Castro Karen , Carvalho Carolina , Chahad-Ehlers Samira , Gestich Carla , Andrade Sonia , Freitas Patricia , Jr Pedro Galetti
Published: July 2022

Ingested-derived DNA (iDNA) from insects can represent a powerful tool
for assessing vertebrate diversity because insects are easy to sample,
have a varied diet, and are widely distributed. Despite these
advantages, the use of iDNA for mammalian detection is still little
explored, especially in the neotropical region. Here we aimed to compare
the effectiveness of mosquitoes and flies to detect mammals in a
semi-controlled area of a Zoo that houses native and non-native species.
We evaluated the number of mammal species detected by the iDNA samplers
and verified the distance range of each sampler group for detecting the
mammal species. To capture mosquitoes and flies we used CDC (Center for
Disease Control) and fish-baited plastic bottle traps, respectively,
distributed in eight sampling points during five days. Using two
mini-barcodes (12SrRNA and 16SrRNA) and the metabarcoding approach, we
identified 45 Operational Taxonomic Units from 10 orders. There was no
difference between the number of species recovered per individual
insect, although the number of flies captured was higher, resulting in
more mammal species recovered by this insect group. Eight species were
recorded exclusively by mosquitoes and 20 by flies, suggesting that
using both samplers allowed a more comprehensive screening of the
biodiversity. The maximum distance recorded was 337 m for flies and 289
m for mosquitoes, but the average range distance did not differ between
insect groups. Our essay proved to be quite efficient for the mammal
detection, considering the high number of species detected with a
reduced sampling effort. Thus, combining iDNA from different samplers
and metabarcoding can be a powerful tool for mammal survey and
monitoring in the neotropics.
The robustness analysis of propionate metabolism in Bacillus subtilis during 3-indolacetic acid production
Authors: Castillo-Alfonso Freddy , Vigueras-Ramírez Juan Gabriel , Sales-Cruz Alfonso Mauricio , Colunga-Rosales Luis Manuel , Monte-Martínez Alberto del , Olivares-Hernández Roberto
Published: July 2022

The industrial production of plants promoter like auxins is gaining
interest, in consequence it is important to un- derstand the metabolism
of the microorganisms involved and the optimal conditions for their
industrial production. In this study the metabolic model of
Bacillus subtilis was used to estimate intracellular ﬂuxes and
the robustness of the principal branching points of aerobic propionate
metabolism for the 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) production. The robustness
analyzes of the metabolic network showed the enzymes that participate in
the synthesis of erythrose 4-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as
possible limiting metabolites in the synthesis of IAA and might be a
target for metabolic engineering strategies. The phenotype phase plane
analysis allowed the identiﬁcation of the opti- mal rate growth
conditions to produce the auxin (less than 0.1 h).
Pomegranate seed protein isolate obtained from isoelectric precipitation: functional and physicochemical characteristics
Authors: Oroumei Souri , Rezaei Karamatollah , Moghadas Hooman
Published: July 2022

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the functional and
physicochemical characteristics of pomegranate seed protein isolate
(PSPI) obtained by an isoelectric precipitation process. The extracted
isolate had a desirable nutritional value as the contents of its
essential amino acids (except for valine and isoleucine) exceeded those
recommended by FAO/WHO for adults. The molecular weights of the protein
fractions of PSPI were found to be within 15-60 kDa range. According to
thermal analysis data, PSPI could be denatured at 90 °C. Surface
hydrophobicity of PSPI was determined at 774 level. PSPI showed high
solubility both in alkaline and acidic media with the highest solubility
at pH 12 (96.6%). Solubility of PSPI at pH 7.0 was at 39.5%.
Furthermore, PSPI had good oil- and water-holding capacity (3.7 and 4.3
g g-1, respectively), emulsifying and foaming properties, and in-vitro
digestibility. The lowest emulsifying activity index (14.1 m2/g) and
emulsion stability index (8.18%) were obtained at the isoelectric pH.
Overall, PSPI as a novel protein source shows a potential for future
industrial applications.
Ecological significance of deceptive pollination in Papilionanthe teres
Authors: Yang tingting , Zhou xiang
Published: July 2022

Though some hypotheses have obtained theoretical and empirical supports,
it remains largely unknown in the aspect that how deception increases
orchid fitness. This study used food-deceptive Papilionanthe teres as
experimental material to explore the ecological significance of orchid
deceptive pollination. Deception together with obvious pollinarium
bending increases P. teres fitness by means of decreasing geitonogamy
under the natural conditions. The proportions of full seeds, single
fruit weight and seed weight per fruit after self-pollination and nectar
addition were significantly lower than that after cross-pollination and
natural conditions (all p ＜ 0.05). Seed viability (seed growth and
development rate) after cross-pollination and natural condition were
significantly higher than that after self-pollination and nectar
addition (all p ＜ 0.05). However, there was no significant difference
in all the above parameter values of fruits and seeds between
cross-pollination and natural conditions (all p ＞ 0.05). These results
confirmed that P. teres has high level of genetic load, and
self-fertilization or geitonogamy will cause serious inbreeding
depression. These conclusions support the outcrossing hypothesis that
ecological significance of P. teres deception is to promote outcrossing
and improve the ability of the offspring to adapt to the environment.
SILVANet: Semantic Instance-Layer normalization and attention with Vertical Axis.
Authors: Park Jae Hyun , Kim Eon , Lee Su bin , Kim Jung Hwan , Moon Byeong Jun , Yu Da Been , Yu Yeon Seung
Published: July 2022

Large receptive field could exploit more information from an input
image. To achieve high performance, recent works have expanded the size
of receptive field. Attention has been mainly used to get large
receptive field. However, the computation of attention costs extremely
expensive. In this paper, we attempt to resolve this problem in other
way which covers large receptive field. First, we exploit properties of
layer/instance normalization methods. This optimizes parameters and
features, reducing additional computational cost. In addition, we
analyze low performance on small objects with vertical axis and propose
vertical self-attention by adopting pooling with vertical direction on
query and key. We achieve the mean Interaction-of-union(mIoU) of 73.1
and the frame per second(fps) of 191, which are comparable results with
state-of-the-arts on Cityscapes test datasets.
HBTs with a planar-type extended base as a hydrogen-sensitive sensor
Authors: Huang Chia-Hua , Tan Shih-Wei , Lo Hao , Lo Chieh , Lour Wen-Shiung
Published: July 2022

A hydrogen sensing transistor fabricated by a heterojunction bipolar
transistor (HBT) with an extended base (EB) formed by a
metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) hydrogen sensor is reported. The power
consumption in stand-by mode is smaller than 2 μW. Common-emitter
characteristics show that the sensing base (collector) current gains at
25℃ in 0.01%, 0.1%, and 1% H2/N2 are as high as 75 (512), 134, (977),
and 233 (2.89  104), respectively. Low-power consumption and
high-sensitive gains are indicative that our HBT together with
planar-type MSM sensor is very promising for applications to hydrogen
sensing transistors using one voltage source.
A 16.7-Gb/s full-transition avoidance PAM-4 2-tap FFE transmitter with shunt switches for display interfaces
Authors: Han Jiyun , Song Eunji , Seo Hyeongmin , Im Hyunwoo , Han Jaeduk
Published: July 2022

This paper describes a channel-loss-tolerant 16.7-Gb/s PAM-4 transmitter
with feed-forward equalization (FFE) for display interfaces. The
proposed transmitter adopts full transition avoidance (FTA) coding in
combination with the 2-tap FFE to enhance the worst-case horizontal
eye-opening in the presence of inter-symbol interference (ISI) and shunt
switches to reduce power consumption. The transmitter test chip was
fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS process and occupied 0.04 mm2. The design
achieved 16.7-Gb/s (corresponding to 10 Gbaud/s) with a 0.20x wider
horizontal eye-opening for a >7.2 dB loss channel while
consuming 107.6mW (corresponding to 6.4 pJ/bit) from the 1.2-V supply.
Parity-time symmetric coupled optoelectronic oscillator using a polarization-dependent spatial structure
Authors: Zhang Fengling , Lin Xiaodong , Wu Zheng-Mao , Jin Yanhong , Xia Guangqiong
Published: July 2022

We propose and experimentally investigate a parity-time (PT) symmetric
coupled optoelectronic oscillator (COEO) based on a
polarization-dependent spatial structure. In such a COEO system, the
gain/loss and coupling coefficients of two orthogonal-polarization
optical waves can be controlled by adjusting the polarization controller
(PC) and the bias voltage of the Mach-Zehnder Modulator (MZM). The
single-mode selection can be implemented by the PT symmetry breaking of
a special mode. The performance of the proposed COEO is experimentally
examined, and a 10.0 GHz microwave signal with a phase noise of −109.1
dBc/Hz @10 kHz and a side mode suppression ratio of 51.4 dB is
generated.