bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic and molecular dynamic insights into how fusion influences peptide-tag recognition of an antibody
Authors: Miyanabe Kazuhiro , Yamashita Takefumi , Tsumoto Kouhei
Published: April 2024

To understand the effect of protein fusion on the recognition of a peptide-tag by an antibody, we fused a CCR5-derived peptide-tag (pep1) to GFP and investigated its recognition by an anti-pep1 antibody, 4B08. First, to characterize the thermodynamic properties associated with the pep1-4B08 binding, isothermal titration calorimetry experiments were conducted. It was found that pep1 fused to the C-terminus of GFP (GFP-CT) enhanced the enthalpic gain by 2.1 kcal mol−1 and the entropic loss only by 0.9 kcal mol−1, resulting in an 8-fold increase in the binding affinity compared to the unfused pep1. On the other hand, pep1 fused to the N-terminus of GFP (GFP-NT) enhanced the enthalpic gain by 3.0 kcal mol−1 and the entropic loss by 3.2 kcal mol−1, leading to no significant enhancement of the binding affinity. To gain deeper insights, molecular dynamics simulations of GFP-NT, GFP-CT, and pep1 were performed. The results showed that the location of the fusion point sensitively affects the interaction energy, the solvent accessible surface area, and the fluctuation of pep1 in the unbound state, which explains the difference in the experimental thermodynamic properties.
Gender comparison of perceptual-cognitive learning in young athletes
Authors: Legault Isabelle , Faubert Jocelyn
Published: April 2024

Elite athletes demonstrate higher perceptual cognitive abilities compared to non-athletes and those capacities can be trained. A recent study showed that differences were observed between male and female athletes in their cognitive abilities whereby male athletes showed superior perceptual abilities compared to female athletes. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there were gender differences in athletes’ perceptual cognitive learning using a 3D-MOT tracking task. The study was performed on 72 young people from 16 to 22 years of age; athlete males and females and non-athlete males and females were distributed in four distinct groups. Five sessions comprised of three thresholds were performed with each participant. Results indicated that all participants benefited from training and significantly increased their speed thresholds. Initial scores showed that male athletes achieved higher speed thresholds than any other groups. Furthermore, after 5 weeks, female athletes obtained higher speed thresholds in comparison to their non-athlete counterparts. In conclusion, engaging in sporting activity is associated with improved perceptual-cognitive abilities and learning. The results support the notion that competitive sport-related activity is beneficial for perceptual-cognitive functions and emphasizes the benefits of participating in sport-related activities for improved brain function with an even greater impact for females.
Visual interpretable MRI fine grading of meniscus injury for intelligent assisted diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Luo Anlin , Gou Shuiping , Tong Nuo , Liu Bo , Jiao Licheng , Xu Hu , Wang Yingchun , Ding Tan
Published: April 2024

Meniscal injury represents a common type of knee injury, accounting for over 50% of all knee injuries. The clinical diagnosis and treatment of meniscal injury heavily rely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, accurately diagnosing the meniscus from a comprehensive knee MRI is challenging due to its limited and weak signal, significantly impeding the precise grading of meniscal injuries. In this study, a visual interpretable fine grading (VIFG) diagnosis model has been developed to facilitate intelligent and quantified grading of meniscal injuries. Leveraging a multilevel transfer learning framework, it extracts comprehensive features and incorporates an attributional attention module to precisely locate the injured positions. Moreover, the attention-enhancing feedback module effectively concentrates on and distinguishes regions with similar grades of injury. The proposed method underwent validation on FastMRI_Knee and Xijing_Knee dataset, achieving mean grading accuracies of 0.8631 and 0.8502, surpassing the state-of-the-art grading methods notably in error-prone Grade 1 and Grade 2 cases. Additionally, the visually interpretable heatmaps generated by VIFG provide accurate depictions of actual or potential meniscus injury areas beyond human visual capability. Building upon this, a novel fine grading criterion was introduced for subtypes of meniscal injury, further classifying Grade 2 into 2a, 2b, and 2c, aligning with the anatomical knowledge of meniscal blood supply. It can provide enhanced injury-specific details, facilitating the development of more precise surgical strategies. The efficacy of this subtype classification was evidenced in 20 arthroscopic cases, underscoring the potential enhancement brought by intelligent-assisted diagnosis and treatment for meniscal injuries.
Dinuclear Cu(I) molecular electrocatalyst for CO2-to-C3 product conversion
Authors: Sakamoto Naonari , Sekizawa Keita , Shirai Soichi , Nonaka Takamasa , Arai Takeo , Sato Shunsuke , Morikawa Takeshi
Published: April 2024

Molecular metal complex catalysts are highly tunable in terms of their CO2 reduction performance by means of their flexible molecular design. However, metal complex catalysts have challenges in their structural stability and it has not been possible to synthesize high-value-added C3 products due to their inability to perform C–C coupling. Here we show a CO2 reduction reaction catalysed by a Br-bridged dinuclear Cu(I) complex that produces C3H7OH with high robustness during the reaction. The C–C coupling reaction mechanism was analysed by experimental operando surface-enhanced Raman scattering analysis, and theoretical quantum-chemical calculations proposed the formation of a C–C coupling intermediate species with substrate incorporation between the two Cu centres. Molecular design guidelines based on this discovery offer an approach to developing next-generation catalysts that generate multicarbon CO2 reduction products.
Unequal impacts of urban industrial land expansion on economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions
Authors: Yoo Cheolhee , Xiao Huijuan , Zhong Qing-wei , Weng Qihao
Published: April 2024

Industrial land drives economic growth but also contributes to global warming through carbon dioxide emissions. Still, the variance in its impact on economies and emissions across countries at different development stages is understudied. Here, we used satellite data and machine learning to map industrial land at 30 m resolution in ten countries with substantial industrial value-added, and analyzed the impact of industrial land expansion on economic growth and emissions in 216 subnational regions from 2000 to 2019. We found that industrial land expansion was the leading factor for economic growth and emissions in developing regions, contributing 31% and 55%, respectively. Conversely, developed regions showed a diminished impact (8% and 3%, respectively), with a shift towards other economic growth drivers like education. Our findings encourage developing regions to consider the adverse effects of climate change during industrial land expansion and that developed regions prioritize human capital investment over further land expansion.
3.7 billion year old detrital sediments in Greenland are consistent with active plate tectonics in the Eoarchean
Authors: Boyd Austin Jarl , Rosing Minik T. , Harding Magnus A. R. , Canfield Donald E. , Hassenkam Tue
Published: April 2024

Plate tectonic processes modulate element cycling, crust generation, and differentiation, yet at what point in Earth’s history these processes emerged remains debated. Here we present evidence that parts of the >3.7 Ga Isua Supracrustal Belt formed within a fore-arc setting, consistent with the operation of plate tectonics in the Eoarchean. We show that the oldest known sequence of detrital meta-sedimentary rocks were deposited conformably above chemical sediments on a volcanic basement. Mineral and trace elemental compositions show that turbiditic and pelagic detrital sediments were derived from terrains, comprising both basalts and differentiated tonalitic igneous rocks. The boninitic volcanic basement would have formed in a tensile environment before the adjacent terrains which sourced the clastic sediments. This suggests formation within a fore-arc during the initial few million years of subduction. This environment may have facilitated the local proliferation of life suggested by the frequent occurrence of layers rich in biogenic graphite.
Human skeletal muscle aging atlas
Authors: Kedlian Veronika R. , Wang Yaning , Liu Tianliang , Chen Xiaoping , Bolt Liam , Tudor Catherine , Shen Zhuojian , Fasouli Eirini S. , Prigmore Elena , Kleshchevnikov Vitalii , Pett Jan Patrick , Li Tong , Lawrence John E. G. , Perera Shani , Prete Martin , Huang Ni , Guo Qin , Zeng Xinrui , Yang Lu , Polański Krzysztof , Chipampe Nana-Jane , Dabrowska Monika , Li Xiaobo , Bayraktar Omer Ali , Patel Minal , Kumasaka Natsuhiko , Mahbubani Krishnaa T. , Xiang Andy Peng , Meyer Kerstin B. , Saeb-Parsy Kourosh , Teichmann Sarah A. , Zhang Hongbo
Published: April 2024

Skeletal muscle aging is a key contributor to age-related frailty and sarcopenia with substantial implications for global health. Here we profiled 90,902 single cells and 92,259 single nuclei from 17 donors to map the aging process in the adult human intercostal muscle, identifying cellular changes in each muscle compartment. We found that distinct subsets of muscle stem cells exhibit decreased ribosome biogenesis genes and increased CCL2 expression, causing different aging phenotypes. Our atlas also highlights an expansion of nuclei associated with the neuromuscular junction, which may reflect re-innervation, and outlines how the loss of fast-twitch myofibers is mitigated through regeneration and upregulation of fast-type markers in slow-twitch myofibers with age. Furthermore, we document the function of aging muscle microenvironment in immune cell attraction. Overall, we present a comprehensive human skeletal muscle aging resource (https://www.muscleageingcellatlas.org/) together with an in-house mouse muscle atlas to study common features of muscle aging across species.
Rocking- and diffusion-based culture of tumor spheroids-on-a-chip
Authors: Tian Duomei , Mao Zheng , Wang Li , Huang Xiaochen , Wang Wei , Luo Haoyue , Peng Juan , Chen Yong
Published: April 2024

Tumor spheroids are cultured in hydrogel microwells with a gravity driven medium flow underneath the membrane on-a-chip. The rocking system is pumpless, powered with a rechargeable battery, and programmable with a built-in microprocess.
Ameliorating La0.5Sr1.5MnO4 with Ni-doping to enhance cathode electrocatalysis for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Xu Jiapeng , Gong Junyi , Du Kunpeng , Liu Wei , Hou Jie
Published: April 2024

Ni-doping introduces more oxygen vacancies and newly effective Ni2+–O–Ni3+ electron-hopping transition paths, enhancing electrocatalysis, oxygen/proton diffusion and surface exchange, and thus LSMN cell outputs 1342 and 668 mW cm−2 at 700 and 600 °C.
Enhanced molecular recognition with longer chain crosslinkers in molecularly imprinted polymers for an efficient separation of TR active substances
Authors: Kubo Takuya , Yagishita Mayuko , Tanigawa Tetsuya , Konishi-Yamada Sayaka , Nakajima Daisuke
Published: April 2024

We report the effects of the crosslinker length on the molecular recognition for the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers.
Long-lasting insecticidal activity in plants driven by chlorogenic acid-loaded metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Rincón Irene , Contreras MCarmen , Sierra-Serrano Beatriz , Salles Fabrice , Rodríguez-Diéguez Antonio , Rojas Sara , Horcajada Patricia
Published: April 2024

Ti-based metal–organic frameworks in the controlled and efficient release of insecticidal chlorogenic acid: an in vivo study.
Review of NIR-responsive ‘‘Smart’’ carriers for photothermal chemotherapy
Authors: Karmakar Abhijit , Silswal Akshay , Koner Apurba Lal
Published: April 2024

This review focuses on the versatile applications of near-infrared (NIR)-responsive smart carriers in biomedical applications, particularly drug delivery and photothermal chemotherapy.
Dual network composite hydrogels with robust antibacterial and antifouling capabilities for efficient wound healing
Authors: Jiang Hongzhi , Huang Xueping , Yang Jiachao , Yu Xunbin , Yang Weibo , Song Yunhao , Wen Na , Wang Ying , Long Jinlin , Lu Shiyun , Zheng Xiaoling , Lin Zhihui
Published: April 2024

Dual network multifunctional hydrogels are developed using a one-pot synthesis approach. The in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that these hydrogels have exceptional antifouling properties, potent antibacterial effects and rapid hemostatic capabilities.
Resistive pulse analysis of chiral amino acids utilizing metal–amino acid crystallization differences
Authors: Stringer Blake , Schmeltzer Alexandra , Ryu C. Hyun , Ren Hang , Luo Long
Published: April 2024

Here, we report a proof-of-concept resistive pulse method for analyzing chiral amino acids utilizing metal–amino acid crystallization differences.
Dual-signal detection of tannic acid in red wines based on the peroxidase activity of carbon dots
Authors: Liu Bin , Yin Yu , Li Qianwen , Li Wanwan , Xiao Fubing , Liu Jinquan , Tan Yan , Yang Shengyuan
Published: April 2024

Herein, a novel type of phosphorus and iron-doped carbon dot (P,Fe-CD) with outstanding peroxidase activity and excellent fluorescence performance was hydrothermally synthesized to colorimetrically and fluorimetrically detect tannic acid (TA).
Distinguishing nitroimidazoles from nitrofurans via luminescence sensing
Authors: Qi Wanyu , Wang Zicheng , Tong Xin , Zhang Haibo , Li Yuxin
Published: April 2024

A luminescent sensor (RhB@Tb-BPDC) capable of distinguishing nitroimidazoles from nitrofurans is reported.
Catalytic ability characterization of in situ synthesized Pt NP coated SBA-15 within a sub-micropipette
Authors: Zhang Rui , Zeng Qiang , Wang Min , Wang Lishi
Published: April 2024

An individual catalytic entity of Pt/SBA-15 was synthesized in situ within a sub-micropipette nanoreactor, and its size-dependent catalytic ability was evaluated by the resistance pulse signals of O2 nanobubbles which from H2O2 decomposition.
Systematic analysis of electronic barrier heights and widths for concerted proton transfer in cyclic hydrogen bonded clusters: (HF)n, (HCl)n and (H2O)n where n = 3, 4, 5
Authors: Xue Yuan , Sexton Thomas More , Yang Johnny , Tschumper Gregory S.
Published: April 2024

Strong correlations identified between barrier heights/widths for concerted proton transfer in cyclic hydrogen bonded clusters and properties of minima (dissociation energies/frequency shifts).
From skin sensitizers to wastewater: the unknown photo-deactivation process of low-lying excited states of isothiazolinones. A non-adiabatic dynamics investigation
Authors: de Araújo Bruno Bercini , Gonçalves Paulo Fernando Bruno
Published: April 2024

Isothiazolinones are a class of heterocyclic compounds extensively employed in a variety of applications, including as biocides in cosmetics, detergents, and paints, as well as in industrial wastewater treatment.
Advancing lithium–sulfur battery efficiency: utilizing a 2D/2D g-C3N4@MXene heterostructure to enhance sulfur evolution reactions and regulate polysulfides under lean electrolyte conditions
Authors: Tomer Vijay K. , Dias Otavio Augusto Titton , Gouda Abdelaziz M. , Malik Ritu , Sain Mohini
Published: April 2024

A schematic illustration for the synthesis of g-C3N4-Mx/S nanocomposites and structure of pouch cells demonstrating arrangements of electrodes and a separator.
The construction of an alkynyl-containing porous polymer for enhanced photocatalytic H2O2 generation
Authors: Wang Yumiao , Chi Wenwen , Zhang Renbao , Guo Yingxin , Sun Xinyu , Zhao Hui , Zhang Jiawei , Dong Yuming , Zhu Yongfa
Published: April 2024

The construction of a porous organic polymer with an acetylene active site for simultaneous double-ended hydrogen peroxide production with high oxygen reduction efficiency.
Benzoic acid inhibits intrinsic ion migration for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Su Lijun , Chen Xiaoran , Wu Xinyu , Pan Jing
Published: April 2024

The benzoic acid additive improves the efficiency and stability of the PSCs.
Green and efficient magnetic micro-solid phase extraction utilizing tea waste impregnated with magnetic nanoparticles for the analysis of ibuprofen in water samples by using UV-vis spectrophotometry
Authors: Muniandy Yagulan , Mohamad Sharifah , Raoov Muggundha
Published: April 2024

A green method based on magnetic micro-solid phase extraction (MNP-TW-μ-SPE) of tea waste impregnated with magnetic nanoparticles (MNP-TW) developed for the extraction of ibuprofen (IBP) in water samples prior to UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis.
Mesoporous Co3O4@CdS nanorods as anode for high-performance lithium ion batteries with improved lithium storage capacity and cycle life
Authors: Waleed Hamza , Rasheed Haroon Ur , Faiz Faisal , Zafar Amina , Javed Saqib , Liu Yanguo , Karim Shafqat , Sun Hongyu , Faiz Yasir , Hussain Shafqat , Khalid Atia , Yu Yanlong , Nisar Amjad , Ahmad Mashkoor
Published: April 2024

Mesoporous Co3O4@CdS nanorods as anode for lithium-ion battery demonstrates enhanced lithium storage performance as compared to pristine Co3O4 structure due to the synergy between Co3O4 and CdS structures.
Flower-like Ag-decked non-stoichiometric Bi2O3−x/rGO hybrid nanocomposite SERS substrates for an effective detection of Rhodamine 6G dye molecules
Authors: Mahadev Awati Prema , Kavitha C. , Perutil Jil Rose , John Neena S. , Sudheeksha H. C.
Published: April 2024

Preparation of flower-like non-stoichiometric rGO-Bi2O3/Bi2O2.75 and rGO-Ag-Bi2O3/Bi2O2.75 hybrid thin film nanocomposites as an effective SERS substrate using a liquid/liquid interface method. The increase of hotspots leads to more favourable properties to improve the G-factor.
Cell-penetrating peptides noncovalently modified red phosphorescent nanoparticles for high-efficiency imaging
Authors: Luo Zihan , Zhou Zhuofan , Pan Yiwen , Zhu Zece , Yuan Huanxiang , Li Yutao , Feng Shumin , Hong Yi , Xu Li
Published: April 2024

Red phosphorescent nanoparticles with cell-penetrating peptide non-covalently modification were used for time-resolved imaging.
Experimental and theoretical studies of the LiBH4–LiI phase diagram
Authors: Mazzucco Asya , Dematteis Erika Michela , Gulino Valerio , Corno Marta , Sgroi Mauro Francesco , Palumbo Mauro , Baricco Marcello
Published: April 2024

The hexagonal structure of LiBH4 at room temperature can be stabilised by substituting the BH4− anion with I−, leading to high Li-ion conductive materials.
Novel ultrasonic technology for advanced oxidation processes of water treatment
Authors: Kim So Yul , Kim In Young , Park Seong-Hoon , Hwangbo Minsung , Hwangbo Seonae
Published: April 2024

Textile wastewater accounts for a significant proportion of industrial wastewater worldwide.
The engineering of defect-modified boron nitride ribbons: an effective adsorbent to rapid capture for tetracycline
Authors: Chen Xi , Tang Yufei , Xie Zhangwen , Zheng Wanxing , Lin Xiuying , Tie Yang , Liang Qian , Zhang Zhuangzhuang , Liu Zhaowei , Zhao Kang
Published: April 2024

BN-3 with 33% N defects has the biggest adsorption rate and the adsorption capacity of 302.15 mg g−1 for TC due to the decreased the absorption energy and the dominated chemisorption.
Spontaneous crumpling of active spherical shells
Authors: Gandikota M. C. , Das Shibananda , Cacciuto A.
Published: April 2024

The existence of a crumpled Flory phase for equilibrated self-avoiding elastic surfaces has remained contentious. Here, we show that a crumpled phase develops reliably upon subjecting a thin spherical self-avoiding shell to active fluctuations.
Mycobacterium smegmatis acyltransferase catalyzes the synthesis of esters and polyesters
Authors: Fabbri Filippo , Vergani Ilaria , Donoso Silvia , Nespoli Luca , Rocca Valeria Marisa , Moni Lisa , Guebitz Georg M. , Contente Martina Letizia , Pellis Alessandro
Published: April 2024

In the present work, Mycobacterium smegmatis acyltransferase (MsAcT) was successfully immobilized onto polypropylene beads and the selectivity was investigated both in esterification and polycondensation reactions.
Synthesis of a high dielectric constant graphene supported iron oxide and its electrocatalytic activity in a H2O2 fuel cell and as an efficient photocatalyst
Authors: Shete Madhavi D. , Fernandes J. B.
Published: April 2024

The present work focuses on the study of the dielectric properties of iron oxide and graphene supported iron oxide and their relation towards electrocatalytic activity and as efficient photocatalyst.
Harvesting solar energy with a Ni-MOF-based evaporator for efficient solar thermal storage and steam generation
Authors: Xu You , Wang Zhengyun , Wang Xianbao , Guo Zhenzhen , Irshad Muhammad Sultan , Arshad Naila , Gong Jiang , Liu Hongfang , Li Guangfang
Published: April 2024

A hybrid solar evaporator comprising a Ni-based metal–organic framework material and a phase change material composite was fabricated for high performance solar-thermal energy storage and continuous solar vapor generation.
A review on passivation engineering for improving photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance
Authors: Ma Dandan , Chen Jiantao , Li Jun , Ji Xin , Shi Jian-Wen
Published: April 2024

This is a comprehensive overview of passivation engineering ranging from basic principles, roles, fabrication, and characterization to its application. It is hoped to provide some useful guidance for the construction of high-performance photocatalysts.
Low-cost p-benzoquinone-formaldehyde polymer/reduced graphene oxide composite films as a cathode material for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Cai Zhouqishuo , Zhang Jinmeng , Lin Zewen , Zhao Yanan , Yang Qianqian , Qiu Xiaowen , Lin Shumin , Liu Donghua , Hu Xiaolan , Bai Hua
Published: April 2024

Due to the favorable chemical structure of FQ and the high electrical conductivity of rGO, FQ/rGO composite films demonstrate a high practical capacity at large current densities, while maintaining excellent cycling stability.
Amino-tethered Ni3S2/MoS2 heterojunction for coupling electrochemical 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation with 4-nitrophenol hydrogenation
Authors: Chen Tao , Li Yulong , Ma Fangpei , Sun Mingdong , Fu Ping , Liu Xiaoling , Zhou Yu , Wang Jun
Published: April 2024

Continuous paired electrochemical refining consists of two compartments: anodic 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation (right-hand side) and cathodic 4-nitrophenol hydrogenation (left-hand side).
Regulation of the solvation structure and electrode interface using a succinic acid additive for highly stable aqueous Zn batteries
Authors: Zhang Yuanjun , Yu Fangfang , Liu Haoxuan , Wang Nana , Yang Xianzhong , Xu Shunjian , Wu Chao , Liu Hua-Kun , Dou Shi-Xue
Published: April 2024

SA serves as an additive to reshape the solvation structure of Zn ions and adsorb on the surface of a Zn electrode, leading to a significant improvement in reversibility and cycling stability of aqueous Zn batteries.
A translocation fluorescent probe for analyzing cellular physiological parameters in neurological disease models
Authors: Li Zi-Lu , Ma Ai-Xin , Liu Jing-Qi , Wang Kun , Zhu Bao-Cun , Pang Dai-Wen , Kong De-Ming
Published: April 2024

Different organelle-staining behaviors of OQ and PQ, and intracellular translocation of OQ caused by the changes of CMP and MMP.
Ambient solid-state triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion in ureasil organic–inorganic hybrid hosts
Authors: Collins Abigail R. , Zhang Bolong , Bennison Michael J. , Evans Rachel C.
Published: April 2024

Solid-state green-to-blue upconversion is shown in organic–inorganic hybrid ureasil hosts using the palladium(ii) octaethylporphyrin and diphenylanthracene sensitizer/emitter pair, with emission retained for >70 days without deoxygenation.
A methodology to synthesize easily oxidized materials containing Li ions in an inert atmosphere
Authors: Konuma Itsuki , Ugata Yosuke , Yabuuchi Naoaki
Published: April 2024

A simple methodology to synthesize easily oxidized materials with Mn3+ and V3+ ions, which are used as emerging high-capacity positive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, is proposed.
Integrating Emotion Perception in Rehabilitation Programs for Cochlear Implant Users: A Call for a More Comprehensive Approach
Authors: Valentin Olivier , Lehmann Alexandre , Nguyen Don , Paquette Sébastien
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

Postoperative rehabilitation programs for cochlear implant (CI) recipients primarily emphasize enhancing speech perception. However, effective communication in everyday social interactions necessitates consideration of diverse verbal social cues to facilitate language comprehension. Failure to discern emotional expressions may lead to maladjusted social behavior, underscoring the importance of integrating social cues perception into rehabilitation initiatives to enhance CI users' well-being. After conventional rehabilitation, CI users demonstrate varying levels of emotion perception abilities. This disparity notably impacts young CI users, whose emotion perception deficit can extend to social functioning, encompassing coping strategies and social competence, even when relying on nonauditory cues such as facial expressions. Knowing that emotion perception abilities generally decrease with age, acknowledging emotion perception impairments in aging CI users is crucial, especially since a direct correlation between quality-of-life scores and vocal emotion recognition abilities has been observed in adult CI users. After briefly reviewing the scope of CI rehabilitation programs and summarizing the mounting evidence on CI users' emotion perception deficits and their impact, we will present our recommendations for embedding emotional training as part of enriched and standardized evaluation/rehabilitation programs that can improve CI users' social integration and quality of life.

Conclusions:

Evaluating all aspects, including emotion perception, in CI rehabilitation programs is crucial because it ensures a comprehensive approach that enhances speech comprehension and the emotional dimension of communication, potentially improving CI users' social interaction and overall well-being. The development of emotion perception training holds promises for CI users and individuals grappling with various forms of hearing loss and sensory deficits. Ultimately, adopting such a comprehensive approach has the potential to significantly elevate the overall quality of life for a broad spectrum of patients.
Distributed MA‐IDDPG‐OLSR based stable routing protocol for unmanned aerial vehicle ad‐hoc network
Authors: Zeng Youjun , Zhou Jie , Liu Youjiang , Cao Tao , Yang Dalong , Liu Yu , Shi Xianhua
Published: April 2024

In unmanned aerial vehicle ad‐hoc network (UANET), the node speed of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) may reach up to 400 km/h. The fast or slow movement of UAV nodes leads to different speeds of topology change of the nodes. Traditional optimized link state routing (OLSR) protocol cannot adaptively adjust the routing update period when the network topology changes, which may lead to the nodes calculating incorrect routing tables. This increases the average end‐to‐end delay and packet loss rate for packet transmission. To enhance the adaptability of OLSR routing protocol to network topology changes, this paper proposes a multi‐agent independent deep deterministic policy gradient‐OLSR (MA‐IDDPG‐OLSR) routing protocol based on distributed multi‐agent reinforcement learning. The protocol deploys DDPG algorithm on each UAV node, and each UAV node adaptively adjusts the Hello and TC message sending intervals, according to the one‐hop neighbouring nodes as well as its own state. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol is able to improve the throughput and reduce the packet loss rate as compared to traditional AODV, GRP, OLSR, and distributed multiple‐agent independent proximal policy optimization‐OLSR (MA‐IPPO‐OLSR), distributed multiple‐agent independent twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient‐OLSR (MA‐ITD3‐OLSR) routing protocols. Since MA‐IDDPG‐OLSR relies only on local information, there is a minor performance degradation in MA‐IDDPG‐OLSR compared to centralized single‐agent DQN‐OLSR routing protocol. But it is more suitable to a completely distributed UAV network without a centralized node.
Estimation of shape memory alloy actuator dynamics to design reduced‐order position controller with input saturation
Authors: Shahir Mohammad Mohammadi , Mirzaei Mehdi , Farbodi Maryam , Rafatnia Sadra
Published: April 2024

This study focuses on the precise model estimation for a position control problem actuated by a shape memory alloy (SMA) wire. Because the hysteresis characteristic of SMA introduces complexities in system modelling and adds degrees of freedom, a model with reduced order is implemented for controller design. This model is online updated by calculating a complementary term from the measured data to compensate for the SMA actuator dynamics and other parametric uncertainties. The position controller, derived from the formulated reduced‐order model, adapts itself to real conditions and is cost‐effective due to the use of only displacement sensor. The saturation of the control input is modelled within the structure of a constrained optimization problem solved by Karush–Kuhn–Tucker theorem. The boundedness of mean and covariance of tracking error and its derivative is demonstrated by stochastic analysis. The experimental results conducted on a platform incorporating a SMA wire show the efficiency of the proposed system in precisely controlling the position by admissible voltage range. The comparative results with a sliding mode controller indicate higher accuracy for the proposed controller to reduce the effect of uncertainties.
Theoretical study on Stark effect of Rydberg atom in super low frequency electric field measurement
Authors: Song Hongtian , Xiao Yong , Hu Shanshan , Xiao Dongping , Wang BaoShuai , Shi Zhuxin , Zhang Huaiqing
Published: April 2024

Super low frequency electric field measurements are crucial in analysing electromagnetic compatibility, assessing equipment status, and other related fields. Rydberg atom‐based super low frequency electric field measurements are performed by observing the Stark shift in the spectrum of the Rydberg state. In a specific range of field strength (E < Eavoid, where Eavoid is the threshold to avoid crossing electric fields), the Rydberg atomic spectrum experiences a quadratic frequency shift in relation to the field strength, with the coefficient being determined by the atomic polarisability α. The authors establish a dynamic equation for the interaction between the external electric field and the atomic system, and present the Stark structure diagram of the Caesium Rydberg atom. The mathematical formulae for α and Eavoid in different Rydberg states are also obtained: α = A × (n*)6 + B × (n*)7 and Eavoid = C/(n*)5 + D/(n*)7, where A(B) = 2.2503 × 10−9(7.49,948 × 10−11) and C(D) = 1.68,868 × 108(2.45,991 × 109). The error of α and Eavoid compared with the experimental values does not exceed 8% and is even lower in the low Rydberg states. Accurately calculating the values of α and Eavoid is crucial in incorporating the Rydberg atom quantum coherence effect into super low frequency electric field measurements in new power systems.
Voltage sag source location based on power polarity and twin characteristics matching
Authors: Yang Longyue , Cai Zhipeng , Xia Xuejing , Ren Xuanchen , Fan Ze , Kong Dexian , Chen Junyu
Published: April 2024

Precisely locating the voltage sag sources is significant for improving power quality and clarifying the responsibilities of both power supply and consumption. However, the existing location models are complex, computationally intensive, and influenced by the measurement error and fault type, which have low positioning efficiency and large errors. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for locating voltage sag sources based on power polarity and twin characteristics matching. The method firstly uses the polarity of the sequence sag component disturbance reactive power at the monitoring point to determine the sag line. Secondly, the basic realization method of the twin power system is discussed, and the twin characteristics are defined by combining the positive and negative sequence sag component disturbance reactive power and the twin database is established. Thirdly, the spectral norm and Pearson product‐moment correlation coefficient are used to define the data matching degree, and the precise location model of the sag source is established with the objective function of maximizing the data matching between the twin characteristics of the preset and actual sag. Finally, the Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm is used to solve the location model. The correctness and superiority of the proposed method is verified based on IEEE33 node modelling.
Semi empirical modelling for thin sliced potato drying under active-mode indirect solar dryer
Authors: D Pagukuman B. Norerama , Wan Ibrahim Mohd Kamel , Mat Roni Muhamad Aiman
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to select the best semi-empirical model for thinly sliced potato drying under active mode indirect solar dryer with variations of the exhaust air velocities. The exhaust air velocities to remove the vaporized moisture inside the drying chamber were set at 0.2m/s, 0.4m/s, 0.6m/s, and 0.8m/s. The solar intensity, temperature and relative humidity were measured. The Sigmaplot software was used to select the best thin layer drying model for sliced potatoes drying under indirect solar dryer assisted with a solar accumulator and exhaust fan. From the result, drying at 0.2m/s shows a significant drying performance with reduced mass percentages at 69%. The lowest the exhaust air velocity, the better reduction of the mass percentages and the higher the evaporation rate. Consequently, a Rational four (4) parameter was selected as the best of all the drying models, according to r2, RSME, and x2. This study gives a useful understanding of the significant effect of the variations of the exhaust air velocities on the drying performance.
A comparative study of fibrous silica-based catalysts for improving methane production via CO2 methanation
Authors: Aziz Muhammad Akmal , Abdul Jalil Aishah , Hatta Abdul Hakim
Published: April 2024

The process of utilizing the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) is crucial in addressing and reducing the impact of climate change. The CO2 methanation process, also known as the Sabatier reaction, is considered one of the appealing approaches since it provides synthetic natural gas (SNG), fulfilling the present needs. However, the CO2 methanation reaction demands an exceptionally effective catalyst capable of surpassing the energy barrier associated with eight proton-electron transfers from H2 molecules. Herein, the application of fibrous silica nanospheres along with the fibrous modification of mesostructured silica nanoparticles (MSN) towards CO2 methanation, called the Centre of Hydrogen energy silica (CHE-Si) and CHE-SM was reported. Both catalysts were successfully synthesized by utilizing micro-emulsion techniques and subsequently were characterized with x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption-desorption. FTIR results revealed that CHE-SM possessed superior Si-OH and Si-O species than CHE-Si despite displaying low surface area and pore volume. Consequently, CHE-SM achieved above 50% CO2 conversion and CH4 yield at 500 °C while CHE-Si exhibited lower performance. This discrepancy in catalytic performance was due to the fact that CHE-SM was comprised of more active sites that could adsorb and dissociate CO2 and H2 reactants.
Simultaneous photo-removal of hexavalent chromium and methyl orange by fabrication of graphitic carbon nitride loaded on fibrous silica iron
Authors: Hazril Nur Izzati Hannani , Abdullah Tuan Amran Tuan , Abd Aziz Fazilah Farhana , Fauzi Anees Ameera
Published: April 2024

Simultaneous removal of heavy metal and organic compounds by photocatalysis has gained attention due to its ability to remove multiple pollutants in a single system that provides high efficiency at low energy consumption. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)/fibrous silica iron (FSFe) catalyst was successfully synthesized via impregnation and hydrothermal methods without calcination process. The XRD, FTIR and UV-Vis DRS were used to understand the physicochemical properties such as the crystallinity, the functional group present and the band gap in both gC3N4/FSFe and FSFe photocatalysts. The band gap of the FSFe photocatalyst (1.95 eV) was reduced to 1.9 eV after the loading of g-C3N4 material. The simultaneous photo-removal of Cr (VI) and methyl orange (MO) was improved up to 38.16% and 98.08% respectively. The efficient photocatalytic activity of Cr (VI) and MO could be due to the decreased bandgap of the synthesized catalysts. Hence, the modification of FSFe photocatalyst framework with the addition of g-C3N4 offers a great opportunity for the study of simultaneous photocatalytic removal of heavy metals and organic pollutants to be expanded.
Banana peels based zinc oxide doped silver nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of paracetamol
Authors: Mohd Mokhtar Mohamad Aizad , Rasit Ali Roshafima , Lei Zhongfang , Ahmad Tarmizi Zatil Izzah
Published: April 2024

Paracetamol (PCM) is a common drug for daily use in each household and considering PCM’s availability and huge production, traces of waste PCM present in water sources are concerned. Photocatalysis technology shows promising results with the utilization of semiconductor materials and light energy to degrade and remove organic pollutants. In this study, zinc oxide/silver nanoparticles (ZnO/Ag NPs) photocatalyst were synthesized via sol-gel and co-precipitation technique with the aid of banana peels extract (BPE) for photodegradation of PCM. The produced photocatalysts were characterized by UltravioletVisible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), surface area and pore analysis and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). Results shows that a blue shift phenomenon occurs between ZnO NPs and ZnO/Ag NPs while XRD analysis suggested that all samples exhibit hexagonal wurtzite structure. ZnO/Ag NPs portrayed a spherical and hexagonal surface morphology with average particles size of 25.68 nm and mesoporous structure. ZnO/Ag NPs shows the highest photodegradation of PCM with 96 % with five repeated cycles compared to pristine ZnO NPs. The main species responsible for PCM degradation via ZnO/Ag are hydroxyl radical and electron. The prepared BPE based ZnO/Ag has a high potential as advanced materials for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.
Recent advances on simultaneous removal of hexavalent chromium and tetracycline: A short review
Authors: Hassan Nurul Sahida
Published: April 2024

Contamination of water sources with various organic and inorganic non-biodegradable pollutants is becoming a growing concern due to industrialization, urbanization, and the inefficiency of traditional wastewater treatment processes. Simultaneous removal of dual pollutants via photocatalytic redox reaction has been tremendously explored in the last five years due to the effective decontamination of pollutants compared to a single pollutants system. In a photocatalysis mechanism, the holes in the valence band can remarkably promote the oxidation of a pollutant. At the same time, photoexcited electrons are also consumed for the reduction reaction. The synergist between the reduction and oxidation inhibits the recombination of electron-hole pairs extending their lifetime. Here we review the use of metal oxide-based photocatalysts for the simultaneous removal of tetracycline and hexavalent chromium. Several strategies for the enhancement of this treatment method which are the pH of mixed pollutants and the addition of additives are discussed This review offers a recent perspective on the development of photocatalysis systems for industrial applications.
Performance Characteristics of a Submerged Semicircular Breakwater Exposed to Regular Waves: An Experimental Study
Authors: Ali Hamood Al-Towayti Faris , Hee Min Teh
Published: April 2024

Many mangrove replanting programs fail due to the drifting of the mangrove sapling by waves and coastal currents soon after the replanting. Hence, adequate wave protection for the mangrove planting site is required to enhance the survivability rates of the newly planted saplings. A small scaled modular submerged semicircular breakwater (SBW) is perceived to be a viable option to provide the required level of wave protection to mangroves. The study is set to investigate wave transmission, reflection, and energy loss by a SBW subjected to different immersion depths under a regular wave environment via physical modelling. The SBW model was tested in a wave flume and was subjected to relative immersion depth, i.e., a ratio of water depth to the height of the SBW, of 1.00 and 1.33, and wave steepness ranging from 0.02 to 0.06. The alternatively submerged SBW was found to be an effective breakwater design to provide the required level of wave tranquility to various coastal applications.
Identification Post-Construction Toll Road Significant Barrier
Authors: Chaniago Nurul Aini Damazni , Pratama Gilang Ardi , Latief Yusuf , Riantini Leni Sagita , Trigunarsyah Bambang , Sihombing Lukas Beladi
Published: April 2024

This study aims to uncover crucial barriers in post-construction toll road management in Indonesia, with a focus on both internal and external factors. Employing the Grey Delphi Method and involving 11 participants from industry and academia, the research identifies hurdles such as high operational costs, maintenance expenses exceeding revenue, insufficient income, and infrastructure defects as internal challenges. Additionally, external obstacles include the excess load of vehicles and the risk associated with competitive routes. In the context of post-construction, meticulous operational planning, efficient routine maintenance, and effective risk management are deemed crucial to overcoming these challenges. The integration of research findings into post-construction policies is expected to provide a consistent and efficient foundation for long-term improvements in toll road performance in Indonesia.
Evaluation of Infrastructure Management of Solo’s Fort Vastenburg Heritage Building
Authors: Jayanto Iwa Dwi , Qomarun Qomarun
Published: April 2024

Surakarta is an old settlement in Indonesia that has many infrastructure heritages in the center of the city, one of which is in the form of soft infrastructure, namely the Vastenburg Fort building. This building has been neglected, even though it is listed as a national cultural heritage building and is protected by the cultural heritage law. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the existing of the cultural heritage building assets of Fort Vastenburg. This type of research is evaluation research with a qualitative approach. The process of collecting data by searching archives and documents of ownership of Fort Vastenburg assets and in-depth interviews with parties related to the management of cultural heritage management of fort buildings. The evaluation stage is carried out by measuring the suitability between the regulations of Law with empirical facts in the field. Furthermore, an assessment is carried out using qualitative analysis techniques, namely: reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing or verification. The results showed that the land certificate owners of Fort Vastenburg amounted to 12. This makes it difficult for the Surakarta City Government to preserve the cultural heritage building of Fort Vastenburg, therefore the evaluation results are at a sufficient level.
Thermal Comfort Resilience in Traditional Architecture Housing in Kampong Laweyan Surakarta
Authors: Syamsiyah Nur Rahmawati , Priyatmono Alpha Febela
Published: April 2024

The development of Traditional Architecture is keenly felt by those who care about the cultural potential of the archipelago. However, it is necessary to realize the extent to which this development can answer existing climate problems. Extreme changes in natural conditions make most people look for a ‘tragic’ way out, to obtain comfortable habitation. The past Traditional Architecture provides naturally climate-responsive solutions. This research aims to provide evidence of the richness of local culture regarding the thermal comfort of traditional houses in the case of houses in Laweyan Surakarta. The research method was carried out by observing several types of houses, and then measuring air temperature, air humidity, and air velocity. To complete the data, interviews were also conducted. The results of measurements, observations, and interviews show that there is a tendency for residents to rearrange the interior, resulting in a climate-responsive concept for traditional buildings today. The design of the house is maintained because it provides comfort, but there are several innovations in the roof, walls, door linking dwelling units, and addition of exterior vegetation to regulate the climate.
Investigation of Project Delays: Towards a Sustainable Toll Road Project
Authors: Amar Tsulis Iq’bal Khairul , Magfirona Alfia , Munawar Zaini , Priyanto Budi
Published: April 2024

Private investment in toll roads is anticipated to surge due to their potential to cover operational and developmental costs through toll fees. However, the allure for investors and lenders hinges on achieving long-term sustainability, a challenging feat in the context of frequent project implementation delays, especially in Indonesia’s toll road construction. This study delves into the primary obstacles thwarting timely project completion, drawing insights from the literature to gauge their significance in ensuring the sustainability of toll road projects. Based on a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire survey, the report reveals four pivotal challenges, most profoundly linked to variables associated with the Social Environment and Society. Additionally, contract management emerges as a potent factor influencing project time overruns. The model developed herein serves as a valuable tool for academics, researchers, and practitioners seeking an effective approach to address time overrun challenges in toll road projects.
Preventive Maintenance Policy to Improve the Effectiveness of XYZ Machine
Authors: Indriartiningtias Retno , Ibrahim Untung Fadel , Anna Ika Deefi
Published: April 2024

PT ABC which is a manufacturing company that produces steel pipes. The last period there was an XYZ machine that often downtime and disrupted the production process. The breakdowns indicate the ineffectiveness of machine. It was necessary to identify and analyze the problems that occurred and the factors that caused the problem. Measurement of machine effectiveness dan it caused is carried out using the OEE method. To avoid the recurrence of machine ineffectiveness, machine maintenance is carried out in a preventive manner according to the spare parts classification (there are 3 classifications of spare parts based on price, namely A under Rp.250,000, B between Rp.250,000 -Rp.500,000 and C above Rp.500,000). The results obtained for the average value of OEE for 1 year is 68%, which shows a value below the ideal OEE standard (85%) and needs to be evaluated. From the calculation of the largest losses value is in the reduce speed losses factor of 67%, it is necessary to minimize the difference in ideal cycle time with actual time (operation time). The best scheduling results is using the preventive maintenance policy method with the schedule of maintenance are: for classification A spare parts the maintenance every 3 months, class B every 5 months, and class C every 6 months.