bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A network-based detection scheme for the jet stream core
Authors: Molnos Sonja , Mamdouh Tarek , Petri Stefan , Nocke Thomas , Weinkauf Tino , Coumou Dim
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The polar and subtropical jet streams are strong upper-level winds with a crucial influence on weather throughout the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes. In particular, the polar jet is located between cold arctic air to the north and warmer subtropical air to the south. Strongly meandering states therefore often lead to extreme surface weather. Some algorithms exist which can detect the 2-D (latitude and longitude) jets' core around the hemisphere, but all of them use a minimal threshold to determine the subtropical and polar jet stream. This is particularly problematic for the polar jet stream, whose wind velocities can change rapidly from very weak to very high values and vice versa. We develop a network-based scheme using Dijkstra's shortest-path algorithm to detect the polar and subtropical jet stream core. This algorithm not only considers the commonly used wind strength for core detection but also takes wind direction and climatological latitudinal position into account. Furthermore, it distinguishes between polar and subtropical jet, and between separate and merged jet states. The parameter values of the detection scheme are optimized using simulated annealing and a skill function that accounts for the zonal-mean jet stream position (Rikus, 2015). After the successful optimization process, we apply our scheme to reanalysis data covering 1979–2015 and calculate seasonal-mean probabilistic maps and trends in wind strength and position of jet streams. We present longitudinally defined probability distributions of the positions for both jets for all on the Northern Hemisphere seasons. This shows that winter is characterized by two well-separated jets over Europe and Asia (ca. 20° W to 140° E). In contrast, summer normally has a single merged jet over the western hemisphere but can have both merged and separated jet states in the eastern hemisphere. With this algorithm it is possible to investigate the position of the jets' cores around the hemisphere and it is therefore very suitable to analyze jet stream patterns in observations and models, enabling more advanced model-validation.
Subgrid parameterization of snow distribution at a Mediterranean site using terrestrial photography
Authors: Pimentel Rafael , Herrero Javier , Polo María José
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Subgrid variability introduces non-negligible scale effects on the grid-based representation of snow. This heterogeneity is even more evident in semiarid regions, where the high variability of the climate produces various accumulation melting cycles throughout the year and a large spatial heterogeneity of the snow cover. This variability in a watershed can often be represented by snow accumulation–depletion curves (ADCs). In this study, terrestrial photography (TP) of a cell-sized area (30  ×  30 m) was used to define local snow ADCs at a Mediterranean site. Snow-cover fraction (SCF) and snow-depth (h) values obtained with this technique constituted the two datasets used to define ADCs. A flexible sigmoid function was selected to parameterize snow behaviour on this subgrid scale. It was then fitted to meet five different snow patterns in the control area: one for the accumulation phase and four for the melting phase in a cycle within the snow season. Each pattern was successfully associated with the snow conditions and previous evolution. The resulting ADCs were associated to certain physical features of the snow, which were used to incorporate them in the point snow model formulated by Herrero et al. (2009) by means of a decision tree. The final performance of this model was tested against field observations recorded over four hydrological years (2009–2013). The calibration and validation of this ADC snow model was found to have a high level of accuracy, with global RMSE values of 105.8 mm for the average snow depth and 0.21 m2 m−2 for the snow-cover fraction in the control area. The use of ADCs on the cell scale proposed in this research provided a sound basis for the extension of point snow models to larger areas by means of a gridded distributed calculation.
The Relationship between Liquidity and Firms’ Profitability: A Case Study of Karachi Stock Exchange
Authors: Bibi Nazish , Amjad Shehla
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between firm’s liquidity and profitability; and to find out the effects of different components of liquidity on firms’ profitability.The relationship between liquidity and firms’ profitability is empirically examined by collecting the data of 50 listed firms of Karachi Stock Exchange, Pakistan. Panel data has been collected from secondary sources for the year 2007 to 2011 .Net operating income and Return on assets are used measure of firm’s profitability. Liquidity of the firm is measured by using cash gap in days and current ratio. Firm size measured by net sales, total assets and market capitalization .The study applies regression analysis to determine factors affecting profitability. Incremental tests are carried out to see the importance of individual variables in the model.The results of correlation and regression analysis showed that there is a significant negative relationship between cash gap and return on assets while current ratio has significant positive relationship with profitability. Results further indicate that log of sales and log of total assets has positive significant relationship with profitability. The findings of this study are based on firms listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE). Hence, the results cannot be generalizable to those firms which are not listed on Karachi stock exchange. The sample of the study comprises only the merchandising and manufacturing firms. Banks are excluded due to their nature of work.
The Method of Negative Instruction: Herbert S. Langfeld’s and Ludwig R. Geissler’s 1910–1913 Insightful Studies
Authors: Proctor Robert W. , Xiong Aiping
Published: February 2017

Herbert S. Langfeld and Ludwig R. Geissler published insightful articles during the period of 1910–1913 using what they called the Method of Negative Instruction, which anticipated much current research on action control and the role of instructions. We review their studies and relate the findings to contemporary research and views concerning task-irrelevant congruency effects and deception, concluding that their work has not received the credit it warrants. We also call for contemporary researchers to revisit prior studies, especially ones conducted before the cognitive revolution in psychology, to enrich their knowledge of the field and improve the quality of their research.
Eating behind Bars: On Punishment, Resistance, Policy, and Applied Folkloristics
Authors: Jones Michael Owen
Published: February 2017

This essay examines diet, institutional control, and prisoner resistance and explores ways of improving the treatment of inmates for whom food is often a form of punishment. It addresses four questions: How does food contribute to the “pains of imprisonment”? What traditional strategies do individual prisoners employ in an effort to regain a sense of agency, autonomy, and identity? How can prisons restore their rehabilitative function by involving inmates in the production and preparation of food? How might the field of folkloristics contribute to changing penal policy, practice, and culture? Data are drawn from news articles, legal and historical materials, prisoner memoirs, popular culture, and Internet resources. Although nearly 2.4 million men and women are incarcerated in the United States, few studies have been undertaken of their food and foodways or have examined the customs, narratives, and conventional wisdom of those behind bars. This essay contributes to the topic of prison provisioning and its problems and possible solutions, helping to fill the lacunae in penological research and expanding the realm of public sector advocacy in folklore studies.
Resolution of primary hyperparathyroidism following surgical removal of cervical thymus
Authors: Cannarella Rossella , Scilletta Beniamino , Scilletta Roberto , Magro Gaetano , Calogero Aldo E.
Published: February 2017

Recent research has emphasized the capacity of thymus cells of producing parathyroid hormone (PTH) if adequately stimulated, and have investigated the role of the so-called “thymic PTH”, produced by the medullary thymic epithelial cells (m-TECs). To the best of our knowledge, only a single case of well-documented PTH secretion from a thymoma causing primary hyperparathyroidism (PHTP) has been reported in the literature so far. We report here the case of a female patient with PHTP who underwent neck exploration for a suspected parathyroid adenoma. After surgery, a normalization of serum PTH concentration was observed, but the histological examination of the surgically excised mass revealed exclusively normal thymus tissue. The present case provides additional evidence of PHTP caused by an ectopic thymus.
The Role of Small Businesses (Small Scale Economic Projects) in Alleviating the Acuity of Unemployment
Authors: Elimam Haga
Published: February 2017

Small businesses are the essential constituents in the development of economy and generating employment opportunities within country. Unemployment is the major concern, which is spreading its roots in various forms and dimensions. The objective of the study was to examine the role of small businesses in alleviating the acuity of unemployment rate. Quantitative approach has been utilized to examine the role of small businesses. Therefore, data was collected from general statistics, directorate of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, during the years 2005-2013. Multiple Regression Analysis using the time series approach has been implemented to analyze the gathered information through SPSS version 20.0. The findings have stated that there was a significant impact of small projects on the unemployment rate of Saudi Arabia (p=0.097). Furthermore, statistically insignificant results were revealed for amount of funding variable (p=0.451). A negative relationship has been determined between unemployment rate and amount of funding; while positive and direct relationship was determined between unemployment rate and population. Small businesses are vital in escalating the economy of the country and sustaining the environmental protection. However, small businesses must amend themselves according to the strategies devised for large projects to contribute more to alleviate unemployment rate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Impact on Economic Growth of Technological Progress in the Turkey Economy: Empirical Analysis on Political and Financial Stability Channel
Authors: Yelkikalan Nazan , Aydin Erdal , Kurt Unzule
Published: February 2017

As an important dynamic of economic growth in the literature, technological progress is addressed in the study in the context of political and financial stability channels. In this context, the aim of the study is to determine the relationship between effects of technological progress on economic growth and political and financial stability concepts.  The study for Turkish economy is based on data of 1984-2014 period and technological progress variable is considered as advanced technology export. As a result of the study, the obtained results of causality analysis showed that political and financial stability are important channels in technological progress and economic growth relation.
The Impact of Metacognition Strategies in Teaching Mathematics among Innovative Thinking Students in Primary School, Rafha, KSA
Authors: Rizk Nahed Mokhtar Hassan , Attia Khaled Ahmed Mahmoud , Al-Jundi Alaa Ahmed Hassan
Published: February 2017

The study aims at finding out the impact of metacognition strategies in the teaching of mathematics in developing creative thinking among gifted primary school students in Rafha province in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. They are defined in this study as the students whose IQ score is (120 and above) according to the Wakslar measurement for children intelligence and are selected by their teachers. The study sample consists of 40 male and female students from the fifth class in the primary stage. They were divided randomly into two groups; experimental group which was taught by the methods and strategies of the suggested teaching program and a control group upon whom the ordinary method was applied. Each group included 20 male and female students. For the purpose of the study, a creative thinking measurement in mathematics, designed by the researchers, was used for data collecting. The program was implemented for three successive weeks, three sessions per week each one lasting for one period. After finishing the program, a post measurement was conducted for all the study variables for both the experimental and control groups. The results show statistically significant differences at the significance level (0.05) between using the metacognition strategies on one hand and the ordinary method on the other. The differences were in favor of the metacognition strategies.
Lexical Bundles in Argumentative and Narrative Writings by Chinese EFL Learners
Authors: Yang Yanfeng
Published: February 2017

Previous studies have shown that lexical bundles are important building blocks of discourse and a significant component of fluent linguistic production. However, little research was found to investigate lexical bundles in narrative writings, a basic text type on which the other text types (discourses) build upon. The present study tries to fill the gap and investigates lexical bundles in argumentative and narrative writings by Chinese EFL learners. The lexical bundles were retrieved by kfNgram and then manually refined and classified into structural and functional categories respectively based on Biber et al.’s (1999) and Biber et al.’s (2003) frameworks. The findings show that (1) students used much more four-word bundles in argumentative writings than those in narrative writings; (2) no big difference was found in the structural patterns of the four-word lexical bundles used by the students across the two text types; (3) students relied much more on stance bundles than the other functional types of bundles in their argumentative writings, while they turned to referential expressions other than stance bundles or discourse organizers in their narrative writings. The functional purposes of various discourses explain the students’ selection of different functional patterns across the text type.
Biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Nosocomial Infection
Authors: Mahmmudi Z. , Gorzin A. A.
Published: February 2017

Bacteria in natural, industrial and clinical settings predominantly live in biofilms, i.e., sessile structured microbial communities encased in self-produced extracellular matrix material. One of the most important characteristics of microbial biofilms is that the resident bacteria display a remarkable increased tolerance toward antimicrobial attack. Biofilms formed by opportunistic pathogenic bacteria are involved in devastating persistent medical device-associated infections, and chronic infections in individuals who are immune-compromised or otherwise impaired in the host defense. Because the use of conventional antimicrobial compounds in many cases cannot eradicate biofilms, there is an urgent need to develop alternative measures to combat biofilm infections. The present review is focussed on the important opportunistic pathogen and biofilm model organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Initially, biofilm infections where P. aeruginosa plays an important role are described. Subsequently, current insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in P. aeruginosa biofilm formation and the associated antimicrobial tolerance are reviewed. And finally, based on our knowledge about molecular biofilm biology, a number of therapeutic strategies for combat of P. aeruginosa biofilm infections are presented.
Het recht van de legitimaris op informatie over de periode voor het overlijden van de erflater
Authors: Brans F.W. , Raaijmaakers Ph.A.J.
Published: February 2017

Het recht van de legitimaris op informatie over de periode voor het overlijden van de erflater

In dit artikel onderzoeken de auteurs of en in hoeverre de legitimaris belang heeft bij en recht heeft op inzage in de financiële situatie (waaronder bankafschriften) van de erflater over de periode vóór het overlijden van de erflater. Tevens wordt onderzocht of er daarbij verschil bestaat tussen het belang bij en recht op informatie voor de legitimaris-niet-erfgenaam bij het doen van een beroep op de legitieme portie en de inkorting en dat van de legitimaris-erfgenaam. Ten slotte onderzoeken de auteurs of de wet beschikt over sanctiemiddelen wanneer het recht op informatie van de legitimaris wordt geschonden en in hoeverre de bescherming van de legitimaris-niet-erfgenaam zich verhoudt tot de bescherming van de legitimaris-erfgenaam.
The Effect of a Condylar Repositioning Plate on Condylar Position and Relapse in Two-Jaw Surgery
Authors: Jung Gyu Sik , Kim Taek Kyun , Lee Jeong Woo , Yang Jung Dug , Chung Ho Yun , Cho Byung Chae , Choi Kang Young
Published: February 2017

Background Numerous condylar repositioning methods have been reported. However, most of them are 2-dimensional or are complex procedures that require a longer operation time and a highly trained surgeon. This study aims to introduce a new technique using a condylar repositioning plate and a centric relation splint to achieve a centric relationship.

Methods We evaluated 387 patients who had undergone surgery for skeletal jaw deformities. During the operation, a centric relation splint, intermediate splint, final centric occlusion splint, and condylar repositioning plate along with an L-type mini-plate for LeFort I osteotomy or a bicortical screw for bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy were utilized for rigid fixation. The evaluation included: a physical examination to detect preoperative and postoperative temporomandibular joint dysfunction, 3-dimensional computed tomography and oblique transcranial temporomandibular joint radiography to measure 3-dimensional condylar head movement, and posteroanterior and lateral cephalometric radiography to measure the preoperative and postoperative movement of the bony segment and relapse rate.

Results A 0.3% relapse rate was observed in the coronal plane, and a 2.8% relapse rate in the sagittal plane, which is indistinguishable from the dental relapse rate in orthodontic treatment. The condylar repositioning plate could not fully prevent movement of the condylar head, but the relapse rate was minimal, implying that the movement of the condylar head was within tolerable limits.

Conclusions Our condylar repositioning method using a centric relation splint and mini-plate in orthognathic surgery was found to be simple and effective for patients suffering from skeletal jaw deformities.
Correlation between the 2-Dimensional Extent of Orbital Defects and the 3-Dimensional Volume of Herniated Orbital Content in Patients with Isolated Orbital Wall Fractures
Authors: Cha Jong Hyun , Moon Myeong Ho , Lee Yong Hae , Koh In Chang , Kim Kyu Nam , Kim Chang Gyun , Kim Hoon
Published: February 2017

Background The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between the 2-dimensional (2D) extent of orbital defects and the 3-dimensional (3D) volume of herniated orbital content in patients with an orbital wall fracture.

Methods This retrospective study was based on the medical records and radiologic data of 60 patients from January 2014 to June 2016 for a unilateral isolated orbital wall fracture. They were classified into 2 groups depending on whether the fracture involved the inferior wall (group I, n=30) or the medial wall (group M, n=30). The 2D area of the orbital defect was calculated using the conventional formula. The 2D extent of the orbital defect and the 3D volume of herniated orbital content were measured with 3D image processing software. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations between the 2D and 3D parameters.

Results Varying degrees of positive correlation were found between the 2D extent of the orbital defects and the 3D herniated orbital volume in both groups (Pearson correlation coefficient, 0.568−0.788; R2=32.2%−62.1%).

Conclusions Both the calculated and measured 2D extent of the orbital defects showed a positive correlation with the 3D herniated orbital volume in orbital wall fractures. However, a relatively large volume of herniation (>0.9 cm3) occurred not infrequently despite the presence of a small orbital defect (<1.9 cm2). Therefore, estimating the 3D volume of the herniated content in addition to the 2D orbital defect would be helpful for determining whether surgery is indicated and ensuring adequate surgical outcomes.
Separation Enhancement of Mechanical Filters by Adding Negative Air Ions
Authors: Yang Shinhao , Huang Yi Chin , Luo Chin Hsiang , Chuang Chi-Yu
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this work is to combine negative air ions (NAIs) and mechanical filters for removal of indoor suspended particulates. Various factors, including aerosol size (0.05-0.45 μm), face velocity (10 and 20 cm/s), species of aerosol (potassium chloride and dioctyl phthalate), relative humidity (30% and 70%), and concentrations of NAIs (2 ´ 104, 1 ´ 105, and 2 ´ 105 NAIs/cm3) were considered to evaluate their effects on the aerosol collection characteristics of filters. Results show that the aerosol penetration through the mechanical filter is higher than that through the mechanical filters cooperated with NAIs. This finding implies that the aerosol removal efficiency of mechanical filters can be improved by NAIs. Furthermore, the aerosol penetration through the mechanical filters increased with the aerosol size when NAIs were added. That is due to that the aerosol is easier to be charged when its size gets larger. The results also indicate the aerosol penetration decreased with the NAIs concentration increased. Reversely, aerosol penetration through the mechanical filters increased with the face velocity under the influence of NAIs. The aerosol penetration through the filter with NAIs was no affected with relative humidity. Finally, The penetration through the filter with NAIs against solid aerosol was lower than that against liquid aerosol.
Response Surface Optimization of Electro-Spun Polyvinyl Alcohol Nano-Fiber Membrane Process Parameters and its Characterization
Authors: Gebru Kibrom Alebel , Das Chandan
Published: February 2017

An empirical exploration into the effects of time duration, voltage supply, concentration and flow rate on the membrane average fiber diameter and surface pore size distribution were done using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central compact design (CCD). The average fiber diameter and average surface pore diameter of the membrane (i.e. 110 nm and 130 nm, respectively) were obtained at optimum input parameters of 45 min, 10 wt. %, 12 kV and 1.0 mL/h for time duration, concentration, voltage supply, and flow rate, respectively. The optimization study shows that the predicted versus actual values of both membrane fiber diameter and surface pore diameter are at R2 = 0.96. In addition, the effect of glutaraldehyde on membrane crosslinking was also assessed for further studies. The results from FESEM images of the fabricated PVA nanofiber membranes using the optimized parameters revealed that the membranes showed smooth morphological structures without formation of beads. The thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) results displayed an improvement in thermal stability after membrane crosslinking. From this study we have observed that the membrane average fiber diameter and surface pore diameter can be controlled by varying the electro-spinning parameters and can be utilized for wastewater treatment application.
Incipient miscommunication as a resource in international negotiations
Authors: Öberg Britt-Marie
Published: February 2017

This paper presents a categorization of sequences of incipient miscommunication according to their sources and to how they are indicated, thematized and solved in cross-cultural negotiating activities between native and non-native speakers of English. It was found that cross-cultural miscommunicative instances were an intrinsic part of the establishing of consensus and therefore they could be used as a communicative resource. Moreover, the importance of the problems presented by the issues at hand overrides the significance of the problems presented by the participants’ language inadequacies. However, miscommunication related to differences in socio-cultural background and to divergent degrees of unawareness regarding the miscommunication often has more serious interactional consequences than a varying or insufficient language proficiency.
Sammenligning af fagsproglige tekstsortkonventioner
Authors: Engberg Jan
Published: February 2017

No abstract.
The Grammars of Seem
Authors: Thrane Torben
Published: February 2017

This paper is the ms. of my inaugural lecture at the Aarhus School of Business, 26th September, 1995, with minor modifications. It traces some of the basic assumptions of Chomskyan theories of syntax, as they have determined the requirements of a syntactic description of English sentences containing the verb seem at various points in time. It is shown that although the purpose of linguistic description must be taken into account when choosing between competing, descriptively adequate grammars, this will not be enough unless the goal of linguistic explanation is accessible to independent investiga-tion. It is argued that a reformulation of the issue between functional explanation or not in linguistics may overcome the problem.
Discontinuity in English
Authors: Bache Carl , Davidsen-Nielsen Niels
Published: February 2017

No abstract.
Hvad skal der egentlig stå i en grammatik i dag? En note om deskriptiv og teoretisk lingvistik
Authors: Harder Peter
Published: February 2017

No abstract.
Writing English Grammars for Danes: bridging the gap between prescriptivism and descriptivism
Authors: Vestergaard Torben
Published: February 2017

No abstract.
Überlegungen zu einem didaktisch-grammatischen Unterrichtsmaterial für fortgeschrittene Deutsch-lerner
Authors: Pors Harald , Lauridsen Ole
Published: February 2017

No abstract.
La famille face à l’enfant gravement malade : le point de vue du psychologue.
Authors: Claire Van Pevenage  , Isabelle Lambotte
Published: February 2017

La maladie grave atteint profondément et douloureusement l’enfant qui en souffre, mais aussi l’ensemble de sa famille. Celle-ci se retrouve précipitée dans une crise émotionnelle aiguë déclenchée par la menace de perdre l’enfant ainsi que par la remise en question des fantasmes d’immortalité de l’enfant et de l’ensemble des membres de sa famille. Cette situation induit des vécus et des sentiments variés (recherche de sens, sentiment d’échec, angoisse, agressivité, sentiment d’impuissance, de culpabilité, etc.) qui auront un impact inévitable sur l’enfant, sa famille et les relations aux soignants.

Notre expérience de plus de 15 ans en pédiatrie aiguë nous a appris que si la capacité à faire face à la maladie grave de l’enfant varie selon des facteurs personnels (la personnalité, l’âge de l’enfant, le tempérament de chacun), elle dépend aussi du couple parental et du système familial dans ses aspects d’adaptabilité, de communication, de cohésion et de développement.

En passant par la retranscription du discours de quelques familles, nous abordons quelques réactions parentales et familiales face à l’enfant gravement malade, en s’attardant sur certaines situations complexes (bébé malformé, enfant de parents séparés, besoins des parents dont l’enfant est en soins palliatifs) et sur quelques pistes de réflexion autour de leur accompagnement. Nous terminerons en évoquant brièvement la question du deuil et de son suivi.
Analyse des logiques d’action de familles autour de la transition aux soins adultes de leur enfant atteint d’une condition chronique complexe grave
Authors: Manon Champagne  , Suzanne Mongeau  , Sophie Côté
Published: February 2017

Avec les progrès de la technologie médicale, un nouveau phénomène est en émergence, celui de la survie au-delà de l’adolescence de jeunes atteints de conditions chroniques complexes mettant leur vie en danger. L’objectif général de l’étude dont les résultats sont rapportés ici est de mieux connaître et comprendre l’expérience de transition de ces jeunes et de leur famille lors du passage des soins pédiatriques aux soins adultes. La collecte des données s’est effectuée à partir d’entrevues semi-dirigées avec dix parents et un jeune de huit familles habitant au Québec. L’analyse des résultats, effectuée à partir de certains des concepts de la sociologie de l’expérience sociale (Dubet, 1994), met en relief que les parents et les jeunes vivent des pertes importantes autour du processus de la transition, tant sur le plan concret que symbolique, et que ces pertes sont une menace à leur identité et à leurs appartenances. La recherche de nouveaux services, programmes ou milieux appropriés est vécue comme un travail de résistance aux nombreux obstacles qu’ils rencontrent et les amène à recourir à différentes stratégies. Pour certains, l’expérience de la solidarité vécue à travers des projets visant à améliorer leurs conditions de vie et celles d’autres familles les amène à dépasser un sentiment d’aliénation.
Mourir chez soi, mourir avec les siens : quels effets d’une prise en charge de la fin de vie à domicile ?
Authors: Julien Biaudet  , Tiphaine Godfroid
Published: February 2017

En France, le recours à l’hospitalisation à domicile (HAD) est en augmentation, même si celle-ci reste une pratique statistiquement marginale. Les situations palliatives et de fin de vie y prennent une place d’importance. Cet article vise à démontrer que ces situations génèrent de nouveaux enjeux dans le processus du mourir. En effet, d’une part, le lieu même où elles se déroulent − le domicile – n’est plus pensé dans notre société comme le lieu du mourir. D’autre part, les acteurs qui y participent, et particulièrement les proches de la personne en fin de vie, doivent ajuster leur nouveau rôle et celui de leurs interlocuteurs (le malade, les soignants professionnels). L’analyse de la mort en HAD mérite ainsi d’être saisie au croisement des logiques médicales et familiales.
Accès à l’eau souterraine et transformations de l’espace oasien : le cas d’Adrar (Sahara du Sud-ouest algérien)
Authors: Bellal Sid-Ahmed , Hadeid Mohamed , Ghodbani Tarik , Dari Ouassini
Published: February 2017

La foggara est un élément structurant de l’univers mental et spirituel des populations de la région saharienne d’Adrar et le fondement de leur organisation sociale. Le système d’irrigation souterrain par les foggaras n’assurant plus la couverture, en raison du fait que le débit des foggaras diminue par suite du manque d’entretien et d’un certain délaissement des agriculteurs, en 1983, un nouvel instrument a été adopté dans le cadre de la mise en valeur agricole par la Loi sur l’accession à la propriété foncière agricole (APFA). D’importantes sommes ont été allouées en aide financière à des promoteurs agricoles pour moderniser l’agriculture. Cependant, la perte du savoir-faire dans la gestion traditionnelle hydraulique ainsi que l’introduction de techniques modernes dans l’exploitation de l’eau ont fortement perturbé l’écosystème oasien de la région d’Adrar. Il s’agit, dans cet article, de tenter de répondre à la question principale, qui consiste à repérer les dynamiques contemporaines des relations entre milieux et sociétés dans les oasis de la région d’Adrar, lesquelles mettent en question l’avenir de ces zones spécifiques.
Attention médiatique et politique du développement durable à Montréal, 1987-2009
Authors: Sigward Edouard-Alexis , Trudelle Catherine
Published: February 2017

Pour devenir un véritable projet de société, le développement durable (DD) doit s’appuyer sur l’effort collectif de tous les acteurs de la société impliqués dans le développement socioterritorial. Il est donc essentiel que ceux-ci maîtrisent l’ensemble des contours du concept. Contribuant à la formation de l’opinion des citoyen(ne)s et des décideurs, les médias de masse jouent un rôle particulier à cet égard. De fait, de la manière dont les sphères médiatique et politique interprètent, s’approprient et portent le discours du DD dépendent la qualité et la viabilité de son implantation. À travers les approches quantitative et qualitative des cycles d’attention médiatique et de l’analyse comparative de contenus, cet article étudie la résonnance médiatique et politique du DD à Montréal entre 1987 et 2009. Au terme de la recherche, les résultats démontrent la possibilité d’un effet structurant duPremier plan stratégique de développement durable de la collectivité montréalaise (2005-2009)sur les cycles d’attention médiatique du DD. Ils révèlent aussi que le Plan et la presse écrite montréalaise n’insistent pas sur les mêmes dimensions du DD, même si leurs interprétations respectives ont tendance à converger davantage à partir des années 2000.
The Emblematic Handkerchief in Othello, and Its Untold Backstory
Authors: Goeglein Tamara
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT: Early modern emblems intentionally performed aspects of one’s character that elicited curiosity while conveying secret messages, often amorous and at times shared by lovers. Emblems could be engraved in medallions, affixed to jewelry, printed in books, and sewn into textiles, such the strawberry motif embroidered in the handkerchief Othello gives Desdemona in Shakespeare’s play, The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice. Most critics interpret the emblematic handkerchief for what it comes to mean in the play, whereas I explore how it could have meant when Othello initially gives it to Desdemona. Why would a chivalric warrior give his lady such a handkerchief? And what could this gesture tell us about Othello and Desdemona before the play opens? In my untold backstory, Othello‘s giving Desdemona his emblem is his entrusting her with his worst fear –a military ambush. Their love transforms this fear, however, into an unguarded strength that tragically leaves him vulnerable to an ambush of his soul. KEYWORDS: emblematics; theatre; Shakespeare; Othello.  RESUMEN: Los primeros emblemas modernos promovían intencionalmente aspectos que  suscitaban curiosidad mientras transmitían mensajes secretos, a menudo amorosos y a veces compartidos por los amantes. Los emblemas podían ser grabados en medallones, colocados en joyas, impresos en libros y cosidos en textiles, como el motivo de la fresa bordada en el pañuelo que Otelo entrega a Desdemona en la obra de Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice. La mayoría de los críticos interpretan el emblemático pañuelo como un presagio de lo que va a ocurrir en la obra, mientras en este artículo se explora cual podría ser el significado e intención de Otelo al hacerle entrega del mismo a Desdemona. ¿Por qué un guerrero caballeresco regalaría a su señora un pañuelo? ¿Y qué podría decirnos este gesto sobre Otelo y Desdemona antes de que se incie la obra? Según la interpretación que se defiende en este trabajo, el trasfondo de este asunto es que Otelo entregó a Desdemona su emblema confiándole su peor temor: una emboscada militar. Su amor transforma este miedo, sin embargo, en una fuerza desprotegida que trágicamente lo deja vulnerable a una emboscada de su alma. PALABRAS CLAVES: emblemática; teatro; Shakespeare; Otelo.
Uloga odbora za reviziju u kontroli integriteta finansijskih izveštaja
Authors: Stanišić Mile
Published: February 2017

Nadzorni odbor javnog akcionarskog društva mora obrazovati odbor za reviziju. Odbor za reviziju ima najmanje tri člana, od kojih najmanje jedan član mora biti lice koje je ovlašćeni revizor u skladu sa zakonom o reviziji ili koje ima odgovarajuća znanja i radno iskustvo u oblasti finansija i računovodstva. Odbor za reviziju pomaže nadzornom odboru u nadzoru integriteta finansijih izveštaja. On brine o pitanjima materijalnosti, računovodstvih politika, politika o prevarama, o transparentnosti i pravilnosti obelodanjivanja finansijskih izveštaja. Nadzorna uloga odbora za reviziju je posebno značajna za tržišta kapitala čija stabilnost zavisi od pouzdanih, transparentnih i objektivnih finansijskih informacija kao podrške efikasnom i efektivnom procesu alociranja kapitala od strane investitora.
Finansiranje javnih preduzeća sa osvrtom na MH „Elektroprivreda Republike Srpske”
Authors: Mićović Tatjana , Mićović Dajana
Published: February 2017

Jedna od ključnih odluka za poslovanje svakog preduzeća jeste način njegovog finansiranja. Prilikom donošenja odluke o finansiranju, postavlja se pitanje da li se finansirati iz sopstvenih ili pozajmljenih izvora sredstava, da li kapital obezbijediti putem banke odnosno kreditiranjem ili zajedničkim ulaganjima. Pri izboru adekvatnog izvora ili kombinacije različitih izvora finansiranja, treba težiti uspostavljanju optimalne strukture kapitala, koja podrazumijeva takav odnos između sopstvenih i pozajmljenih izvora pri kojem je tržišna vrijednost preduzeća najveća, a troškovi finansiranja najmanji. Glavni cilj ovog rada jeste da se ukaže na mogućnosti finansiranja preduzeća, a izvršeno istraživanje je pokazalo koji izvori finansiranja su najzastupljeniji u MH „Elektroprivreda Republike Srpske” a.d. Trebinje.
Predlog e-government rešenja za matične urede u BiH
Authors: Cvetković Sanja , Dobrojević Miloš
Published: February 2017

Bosna i Hercegovina nije sistematski pristupila procesu uvođenja ICT u javnu upravu, a jedna od posledica je da javne službe još uvek ne pružaju e-Government usluge koje bi olakšale komunikaciju između građanstva i privrede sa jedne, i državnih službi sa druge strane. Uvođenje standardizovnih e-Government rešenja otežava činjenica da javne službe koriste različite operativne sisteme i softverska rešenja, uz nepostojanje horizontalne i vertikalne elektronske komunikacije. U ovom radu je opisan primer kako se primenom savremenih internet tehnologija na relativno lak, brz i jeftin način mogu izrađivati e-Goverment servisi u formi veb aplikacija. Ovakva rešenja funkcionišu na različitim platformama, zadovoljavaju bezbednosne kriterijume, mogu međusobno da komuniciraju i razmenjuju podatke, i mogu da se vizuelno integrišu u postojeće veb portale.
Rutiranje u Internetu zasnovano na dinamičkim konceptima tarifiranja
Authors: Miladić Suzana
Published: February 2017

Radom je predstavljeno optimalno rutiranje u Internetu zasnovano na dinamičkim konceptima tarifiranja. Na koji način će se obračunati zaduženje za odgovarajući servis, definiše se preko tarife u ugovoru između provajdera i korisnika. Dinamička promena tarife znači da se tarifa tokom vremena menja u zavisnosti od stanja resursa mreže tj. od zahteva korisnika za servisima. U radu je korištena teorija igara kao deo primenjene matematike kojim se mogu odrediti optimalne tarife servisa.
Efikasno pretraživanje grafova korišćenjem algoritma A*
Authors: Marković Marko , Pantelić Ivan , Kaljević Jelena , Tešić Biljana
Published: February 2017

Algoritmi pretraživanja omogućavaju da se u skupu rezultata pronađe željeni podatak na osnovu određenog identifikatora. Kao posebno zanimljiva klasa algoritama pretraživanja ističe se A* koji je poznat po preciznosti i performansama koje ostvaruje. Iako su razvijeni algoritmi koji u određenim primenama postižu bolju efikasnost, A* predstavlja jedan od najviše korišćenih. Ovakvi grafovski algoritmi se mogu predstavljati i grafički, tako da se za njihovo razumevanje u savremenom obrazovanju često koriste i interaktivni vizuelni simulatori, a pregled najčešće korišćenih će biti napravljen u ovom radu.
Verodostojnost prihoda i neto novčanih priliva kompanija u Republici Srbiji
Authors: Milojević Marko , Terzić Ivica , Miletić Dušan
Published: February 2017

U savremenim uslovima poslovanja kada se putem informacionih tehnologija podaci mogu na raznovrsne načine sortirati i obraditi javlja se mogućnost za prikazivanje iskrivljenih podataka o stvarnom poslovanju jedne kompanije. Manipulacija od strane menadžmenta sa finansijskim izveštajima je tema koja je uvek privlačila pažnju naučnih krugova. Svrha sprovedenog istraživanja je bio da ukaže na postojanje opravdane sumnje da kompanije u Republici Srbiji na neispravan način prikazuju svoje prihode i prilive novca iz poslovne aktivnosti u finansijskim izveštajima. Uzorak se sastojao od prikupljenih finansijskih izveštaja za 4031 kompaniju za period od 3. godine. Istraživanje je pokazalo da postoji mnogo veća sumnja u ispravnost prikazivanja priliva novca iz poslovnih aktivnosti nego u prikazivanju poslovnih prihoda. Iz ovog razloga zaključeno je da prilikom sastavljanja izveštaja o tokovima gotovine puno računovođa se ne pridržava pisanih zakonskih odredbi ili ne poseduje adekvatno znanje kako bi na ispravan način prikazali poslovanje kompanije.
Uticaj informaciono-komunikacionih tehnologija na ekonomski rast
Authors: Stojanović Milan , Regodić Dušan
Published: February 2017

Savremeni uslovi poslovanja proklamovali su informaciono-komunikacione tehnologije (IKT) kao ključne nosioce razvojnih procesa kako u razvijenim zemljama, tako i u zemljama u razvoju. Rapidan porast IKT u prethodnom periodu uticao je na promene u poslovnim odnosima. Privreda je uspostavila nove oblike poslovanja i komuniciranja, dok je upotreba interneta postala neophodnost u svakodnevnom životu stanovništva. Razvoj IKT doprineo je poboljšanju efikasnosti na globalnom nivou. Osim toga, obezbeđen je preduslov za porast inovativnosti i produktivnosti. Tehnološki napredak promenio je život pojedinca, uvodeći ih u informaciono društvo. Na ovaj način ostvaren je ključni preduslov ostvarenja ekonomskog i društvenog razvoja.
Turizam kao faktor ekonomskog razvoja
Authors: Stanić Milenko , Vujić Tatjana
Published: February 2017

Turizam kao masovna društvena i ekonomska pojava našaoje svoj odraz u nekoliko posljednjih decenija. U tom kratkomrazdoblju turizam se razvio u jednu od najširih i najznačajnijihdruštvenih tekovina savremenog čovječanstva. Ujedno, turizam jedobio obilježje veoma složene i važne ekonomske kategorije, saizuzetno dinamičnim razvojem i brzim i dubokim kvalitativnim ikvantitativnim promjenama. Kao globalni ekonomski fenomen,turizam je privredna grana koja poslije naftne i hemijske industrije,najviše doprinosi ekonomskom rastu i razvoju svjetske ekonomije.Turizam ima ekspilicitan uticaj na makroekonomske agregate ipovećava makroekonomsku stabilnost nacionalne ekonomije, uzistovremeno ubrzanje lokalnog i regionalnog razvoja i porastzaposlenosti.U ovom radu autori žele da ukažu na ekonomski značaj turizma kaojedne od determinanti razvoja nacionalne ekonomije, sa posebnimosvrtom na Bosnu i Hercegovinu.
Oblici radnog angažovanja u turističkim i srodnim organizacijama
Authors: Janković Milorad , Janković Siniša
Published: February 2017

U ovom radu obrađeni su klasični oblici radnog angažovanja radnika i drugih lica u turističkim, hotelijerskim i srodnim organizacijama, kao i fleksibilna radna angažovanja. Težište rada usmereno je ka fleksibilnosti i fleksigurnosti na tržištu rada, zbog toga što su ovi koncepti, vezani za rad, poslednjih godina sve zastupljeniji u svijetu, a posebno u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državam i državama članicama EU. Ovi oblici mogu biti u funkciji unpređenja i razvoja turizma kao jedne od značajnih privrednih grana.
PARIŠKI SPORAZUM O KLIMATSKIM PROMJENAMA KAO OSNOVA ZA NOVE PRISTUPE STRATEGIJI KONKURENTNOSTI
Authors: Veselinović Sveto
Published: February 2017

Ubrzani trend razvoja društva kroz eksploataciju prirodnih resursa prijeti još ubrzanijem uništavanju uslova života na planeti u obliku kakav danas poznajemo. Globalno tržište na kome se multinacionalne kompanije bore za što većim tržišnim učešćem i profitom dovelo je do prekomjerne eksploatacije prirodnih resursa, kao i korišćenja tehnologija i materijala štetnih po zdravlje ljudi i životnu sredinu. U UN se duži niz godina ukazuje na negativan i prekomjeran uticaj savremenog čovjeka na planetu, ali nažalost bez konkretnih rezultata. Ipak, čini se da je na svjetskom klimatskom samitu u Parizu poznatom kao Pariski sporazum o klimatskim promjenama (stupio na snagu 04.11.2016.g.) postavljena dobra osnova za prve konkretne rezultate. Primjena pariskog sporazuma postavlja pred organizacije ključno pitanje, kako u turbulentnim uslovima, koje karakterišu sve složeniji i kompleksniji zahtjevi potrošača, ispuniti propise o zaštiti životne sredine a istovremeno biti profitabilan i uspiješan na tržištu. U pitanju je jedan veoma delikatan posao menadžmenta organizacija obzirom da je neophodno napraviti radikalne zaokrete i novim tehnologijama na tržište kreirati nove, društveno odgovorne, proizvode a potrošače učiniti svjesnim i odgovornim svega toga. Odgovornost za opstanak zemlje leži u svakom pojedincu širom planete, ali tog pojedinca potrebno je učiniti svjesnim njegove istorijske društvene odgovornosti. A to je zadatak svih formalnih oblika društvenog života – od država, preko vlada, ministarstava i lokalnih uprava, do vjerskih zajednica, nevladinih organizacija i građanskih udruženja. Samo ekološka svijest pojedinca iskazana kroz njegove kupovne odluke ostvariće konkurentsku prednost društveno odgovornim organizacijama i natjerati druge kompanije na društveno odgovorno poslovanje više nego ijedna međunarodna konvencija ili zakon. Ove i mnoge druge dileme savremenog društva ukazuju na potrebu da u ovom radu izložimo nove konkurentske strategije rasta kako na makro planu tako i na nivou preduzeća i proizvoda/usluga, a koje sugerišu (nameću) novi načini i uslovi života potrošača zasnovani na, ne samo ublažavanju nego i prilagođavanju nastalim klimatskim promjenama.
Simulacija poslovnog procesa u turizmu primenom SIMPROCESS softvera
Authors: Milovanović Željko , Stojanović Milan , Regodić Dušan
Published: February 2017

Turistički lokalitet Lazareva pećina otvoren je za posetioce 2009. godine, kada je po prvi put primenjen sistem rada koji podrazumeva postojanje radnog vremena za posete i stalno prisustvo vodiča u tom periodu. Nakon nekoliko godina rada javlja se potreba preispitivanja ekonomičnosti i efikasnosti postavljenog sistema. Kako bi se utvrdila opravdanost promena, a da poslovni proces ne bude ugrožen, pristupa se veštačkoj analizi rešenja, simulaciji i optimizaciji na osnovu rezultata simulacije.Cilj istraživanja je da se snimi organizacija i tok rada, izradi kompjuterski model ovog procesa i utvrde optimalna rešenja za poboljšanje postojećeg toka rada. Utvrditi da li je dovoljan jedan vodič da opslužuje lokalitet ili je potrebno povremeno ili stalno angažovati dodatne vodiče kako bi se posete odvijale bez zastoja. Prethodni period obezbeđuje sve potrebne podatke kako bi se definisao model i uspešno sprovela simulacija.
Program projekata za unapređenje turističke ponude na području Borskog okruga
Authors: Milovanović Željko , Stojanović Milan , Regodić Dušan
Published: February 2017

Turizam je jedan od strateškim pravaca budućeg razvoja Srbije. Područje Borskog okruga, prvenstveno zaštićeno prirodno dobro Lazarev kanjon ima velike turističke potencijale.Cilj istraživanja je definisanje program projekata za unapređenje turističke ponude Lazarevog kanjona. Cilj ovog program projekata je unapređenje i razvoj posebnih formi turizma zasnovanih na prirodnim resursima: ekoturizam, avanturistički turizam, ruralni turizam, obrazovni i dečiji turizam i sportski turizam. Prezentovani program projekti u radu, razrađeni su u softverskom paketu MS Project 2007.Istraživanje u radu predstavlja polaznu osnovu za predstojeća i obuhvatnija istraživanja na čijim rezultatima bi se bazirala i ozbiljnija analiza i donošenje odluka za ovaj turistički dragulj Timočke krajine.