bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE MEANING OF MODERN YOUTH'S LIFE AS A PHILOSOPHICAL PROBLEM
Authors: Костикова Юлия Валерьевна
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматривается проблема философского осмысления смысла жизни человека; дается краткая характеристика подходов к пониманию смысла жизни в трудах известных ученых; анализируются вопросы, касающиеся изучения смысла жизни современной молодежи в рамках философских исследований.

The article deals with the problem of philosophical understanding of the meaning of human life; provides a brief description of approaches to understanding the meaning of life in the works of famous scientists; analyzes issues related to the study of the meaning of life of modern youth in the framework of philosophical research.
WELDING WITH A MIX OF DISPERSED-HARDENED ALUMINUM COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors: Губин Антон Михайлович , Овчинников Виктор Васильевич
Published: October 2020

Установлена возможность применения сварки трением с перемешиванием для получения неразъемных соединений дисперсно-упрочненных алюмоматричных композиционных материалов, армированных наночастицами AlO и SiC. Определен рациональный диапазон параметров режима в зависимости от объемной концентрации упрочняющих частиц.

It is possible to use friction welding with mixing to produce non-corrosive compounds of dispersed aluminum composite materials reinforced by AlO and SiC nanoparticles. A rational range of regime parameters is defined depending on the volume concentration of hardening particles.
DANGEROUS CHALLENGES OF THE TIKTOK SOCIAL NETWORK FOR THE PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH OF A MODERN TEENAGER
Authors: Тевлентина Елена Николаевна
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматриваются особенности челленджей социальной сети TikTok и влияние их на психологическое благополучие подростка. Тематика роликов и трендов, представленных в приложении, не только сильно сказываются на восприятии и понимании молодыми людьми реальности, но и воздействуют на конструкцию самоидентификации подростков, их психологическое развитие, межличностное отношение и социальное поведение.

The article discusses the features of the TikTok social network challenges and their impact on the psychological well-being of a teenager. The topics of videos and trends presented in the app not only have a strong impact on the perception and understanding of reality by young people, but also affect the structure of self-identification of teenagers, their psychological development, interpersonal attitude and social behavior.
HEALTH STATUS OF STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONSTITUTION BASED ON HEMODYNAMIC INDICATORS STUDY
Authors: Морякина Светлана Васильевна , Джабраилова Малика Сулимовна , Тайсумова Седа Габисовна
Published: October 2020

Статья затрагивает жизненно важные проблемы, касающиеся здоровья и работоспособности студентов с разным тиром конституции. В городе Грозном нами были проведены исследования состояния сердечно-сосудистой системы студентов мужского пола в возрасте от 20 до 24 лет с разным соматотипом.

The article deals with vital problems relating to the health and performance of students with different types of the constitution. In the city of Grozny, we conducted studies on the state of the cardiovascular system of male students aged 20 to 24 years with different somatotype.
FEATURES OF MORTGAGE LENDING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Горский Марк Андреевич
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматривается современное положение на рынке ипотечного кредитования РФ, проводится анализ динамики показателей этого рынка, тенденций развития основных финансовых игроков (банковских организаций). Основное внимание уделяется анализу состава и методам классификации рисков ипотечного кредитования.

The article discusses the current situation in the Russian mortgage lending market, analyzes the dynamics of this market indicators, development trends, key financial players (banking organizations). The main attention is paid to the analysis of the composition and methods of classifying mortgage lending risks.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION AND OPERATION OF THE STATE MECHANISM
Authors: Оздамирова Лаура Мусатовна
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматривается понятие механизма (аппарата) государства, основные принципы, которые лежат в основе организации и деятельности самого механизма государства. Значение этих принципов для эффективного государственного управления обществом.

The article discusses the concept of the mechanism (apparatus) of the state, the basic principles that underlie the organization and activity of the mechanism of the state. The importance of these principles for effective public administration of society.
Proceso de atención de enfermería a un paciente pediátrico en el transcurso de una biopsia renal
Authors: Arcioles-Fernández José , Oliver-Jiménez Isabel María , Sánchez-Martínez Mª Luisa , Amat-Medina Concepción
Published: October 2020

Descripción del caso: Paciente de 13 años que ingresa en hospital de tercer nivel, procedente de consultas externas de Nefrología pediátrica del mismo hospital para biopsia renal, al sufrir, en valoraciones anteriores, episodios de hematurias microscópicas persistentes, macroscópicas intermitentes y proteinuria en rango nefrótico.Descripción del plan de cuidados: La unidad de enfermería pediátrica del hospital estableció un plan de cuidados inicial al ingreso y postquirúrgico ajustados a la patrones funcionales de Marjory Gordon, considerando los patrones relacionados con temor en el niño, ansiedad y cavilación de la familia, resultando de estos hechos la activación del protocolo de acogida, aumento del nivel de estrés debido a modificación ingesta alimentos, aumentar el afrontamiento en la fase postquirúrgica así como dolor, riesgo de infección, disconfort, sobrepeso por alimentación insana y hematurias postbiopsia.Evaluación del plan: Durante el ingreso hospitalario de 4 días previo a la biopsia se le realizaron pruebas bioquímicas de sangre y orina de 24 horas y estudio de anemia. Los progenitores se mostraban muy interesados por la evolución de las pruebas y como contener la ansiedad y tener calmado al hijo debido al conocimiento de que le harían una punción. Mientras se encontraba hospitalizado no cumplía los requisitos nutricionales. Al día siguiente de la biopsia fue dado de alta con unas pautas para comenzar con una alimentación más sana.Conclusiones: La taxonomía NANDA/NOC/NIC permite trabajar en la enfermería basada en los hallazgos, dando respuesta a las necesidades reales de los pacientes para contribuir a mejorar la práctica clínica.
Discrimination as a consequence of the influence of gender stereotypes on the reasoning of a court decision
Authors: Fuley Tetiana
Published: October 2020

The article shows the seriousness of the impact of gender stereotypes on the court’s perception of the position of a party to the trial depending on its sex and age, as well as on the formation of reasons that the court is guided by when evaluating evidence and making decisions.

On the example of the decision of the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights in the case of Carvalho Pinto de Sousa Morais v. Portugal has demonstrated how gender stereotypes can lead to biased and, as a result, discriminatory judgments, which can lead to a breach of the State’s obligations under the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The applicant alleged that the Supreme Administrative Court’s decision to reduce the amount initially awarded to her in respect of nonpecuniary damage had amounted to discrimination on the grounds of sex and age, in breach of Article 14 in conjunction with Article 8 of the Convention. She complained, in particular, about the reasons given by the Supreme Administrative Court for reducing the amount awarded to her and about the fact that it had disregarded the importance of a sex life for her as a woman.

The author has underlined that in the present case the Court’s task was not to analyse the actual amounts awarded to the applicant by the Supreme Administrative Court. The issue which has to be determined, however, is whether or not the Supreme Administrative Court’s reasoning led to a difference of treatment of the applicant based on her sex and age, amounting to a breach of Article 14 in conjunction with Article 8. In the Court’s view, the wording of the Supreme Administrative Court’s judgment when reducing the amount of compensation in respect of non-pecuniary damage expressed the assumption that sexuality is not as important for a fifty-year old woman and mother of two children as for someone of a younger age. That assumption reflects a traditional idea of female sexuality as being essentially linked to child-bearing purposes and thus ignores its physical and psychological relevance for the self-fulfillment of women as people. In the Court’s view, those considerations show the prejudices prevailing amongst the judiciary in Portugal, especially compare to approach taken in two Portuguese judgments of 2008 and 2014, which concerned allegations of medical malpractice by two male patients who were fifty-five and fifty-nine years old respectively.

The case of Carvalho Pinto de Sousa Morais v Portugal is neither only nor the first case addressing the question of gender discrimination in connection with judgments of the national courts, hoverer, the key one. This case proves that gender stereotypes and outdated perception of gender roles played a significant role in judicial assessment and decision-making which can lead to the gender-based discrimination.

Key words: discrimination, sex, age, gender stereotypes, court decision, judgment.
Comparing experimental conditions using modern statistics
Authors: Martens Jean-Bernard
Published: October 2020

While the applied psychology community relies on statistics to assist drawing conclusions from quantitative data, the methods being used mostly today do not reflect several of the advances in statistics that have been realized over the past decades. We show in this paper how a number of issues with how statistical analyses are presently executed and reported in the literature can be addressed by applying more modern methods. Unfortunately, such new methods are not always supported by widely available statistical packages, such as SPSS, which is why we also introduce a new software platform, called ILLMO (for Interactive Log-Likelihood MOdeling), which offers an intuitive interface to such modern statistical methods. In order to limit the complexity of the material being covered in this paper, we focus the discussion on a fairly simple, but nevertheless very frequent and important statistical task, i.e., comparing two experimental conditions.
NMR Spectroscopy of supramolecular chemistry on protein surfaces
Authors: Bayer Peter , Matena Anja , Beuck Christine
Published: October 2020

As one of the few analytical methods that offer atomic resolution, NMR spectroscopy is a valuable tool to study the interaction of proteins with their interaction partners, both biomolecules and synthetic ligands. In recent years, the focus in chemistry has kept expanding from targeting small binding pockets in proteins to recognizing patches on protein surfaces, mostly via supramolecular chemistry, with the goal to modulate protein–protein interactions. Here we present NMR methods that have been applied to characterize these molecular interactions and discuss the challenges of this endeavor.
Leveraging glycomics data in glycoprotein 3D structure validation with Privateer
Authors: Bagdonas Haroldas , Ungar Daniel , Agirre Jon
Published: October 2020

The heterogeneity, mobility and complexity of glycans in glycoproteins have been, and currently remain, significant challenges in structural biology. These aspects present unique problems to the two most prolific techniques: X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy. At the same time, advances in mass spectrometry have made it possible to get deeper insights on precisely the information that is most difficult to recover by structure solution methods: the full-length glycan composition, including linkage details for the glycosidic bonds. The developments have given rise to glycomics. Thankfully, several large scale glycomics initiatives have stored results in publicly available databases, some of which can be accessed through API interfaces. In the present work, we will describe how the Privateer carbohydrate structure validation software has been extended to harness results from glycomics projects, and its use to greatly improve the validation of 3D glycoprotein structures.
Relationship between morphological and physical properties in nanostructured CuMnO2
Authors: Nguyen Hoa Thi Quynh , Tran Hung Vinh
Published: October 2020

In this study, crednerite CuMnO2 nanostructures were prepared using a hydrothermal method at 100 °C with different amounts of NaOH mineralizator. Obtained nanostructured crednerite CuMnO2 with monoclinic structure (space group C2/m) exhibits two kinds of morphologies: nanobelts of the length of 1 - 1.5 µm and thickness of 15 - 25 nm, and nanoplatets being of 50 - 70 nm in diameter. Comparative studies of the preprepared samples reveal an intimate relationship between morphological and physical properties in nanostructured CuMnO2. A low NaOH concentration favours elongated crystal growth along the c-axis, creating nanobelt-shaped morphology. On the other hand, a strong base solution promotes the formation of nanoplates. Unique morphologies of nanostructured CuMnO2 affect distinct spectroscopic and magnetic properties. The nanobelt-shaped sample is characterized by the Raman active A1g mode at 637 cm-1 and a modified Curie-Weiss bahaviour. This phase exhibits two successive magnetic phase transitions: ferromagnetically at 9.2 K and antiferromagnetically at 42 K. Conversely, the nanoplate-shaped sample behaves typically as those reported in the literature, namely, the Raman active A1g mode at 688 cm-1 and low-dimensional magnetism with antiferromagnetic ordering below 62 K. The variation in the magnetic properties is presumably associated to the partial oxidation of Cu1+ and Mn2+ in the nanoplate-shaped sample compared to the divalent state of Cu2+ and trivalent Mn3+ ions in the nanobelt-shaped one.
INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ISSUES OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS ON THE CONSERVATION OF MARINE ECOSYSTEMS IN THE CONTEXT OF FISHERIES
Authors: Bekyashev Kamil , Bekyashev Damir
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the concept, content and legal consolidation of the term “sustainable use of marine living resources”. The article analyzes the norms of universal, regional and bilateral international treaties that consolidate and disclose this term. The norms of the national legislation of states are considered. Special attention is paid to the main provisions of Goal 14 of the Sustainable Development Goals, with an emphasis on those related to the conservation of marine living resources. The law-making activity of the Russian Federation on the implementation of Goal 14 is considered. Recommendations for improving the legislation of the Russian Federation, aimed at achieving the Goal are developed.
Forms of Pre-Caucasian brown trout S. trutta caucasicus (Dorofeeva, 1967) of the Caspian basin
Authors: Magomedov Gazimagomed , Alibekova Zarema , Rabazanov Rystam
Published: October 2020

A morphological analysis of brooks trout in Dagestan showed that each spawning herd is morphologically unique and differs from the rest in a certain set of characters. However, all of them, when comparing the age composition, spawning conditions, the extent of spawning migrations in rivers, etc. have a lot in common. All of them meet the definition of a population as a group of individuals united by panmixia, a single territory and isolated to one degree or another from similar groups within the species. The morphological characteristics of trout in the upper of rivers Avar, Andi, and Kara-Koysu further confirms the validity of this approach. Presumably, the structure of trout populations is in continuous change and the differences in morphological indicators are phenotypic in nature and reflect the biotic and abiotic conditions prevailing in this region. The interaction of variability and selection in the population maintains a mobile equilibrium of biological properties forms the passing (brown trout) and residential (trout) forms. The trout of Sulakriver breaks up into several local herds (trout of Avar Koysu, Andi Koysu, Kara-Koysu, etc.) with a specific and limited range of its migrations. To a certain extent, differing from neighboring ones, each of the herds maintains its integrity and does not mix with the rest. Thus, the brooks trout of Dagestan seem to combine two functions - the self-reproduction of local settled populations and generating migrant individuals in the Caspian trout (Terek, Samur, Kara-Su rivers, etc.). In the rivers of the Kara-Su system, regardless of the place of fishing and the season, trout is represented by almost 100% males. Naturally, the question arises: who ensures the reproduction of trout herds in the absence of females? At the same time, the Salmo truttacis caucasicus (Dorofeyeva, 1967) comes to spawn in these rivers, and its livestock is represented exclusively by females (70-80%). Therefore, brooks trout of the Kara-Su system rivers and the Salmo truttacis caucasicus, coming here to spawn, should be considered as a single reproduction fund. Eggs, laid by either a brown trout female or a trout female, can leave individuals, that roll into the sea and turn into a passing trout, and individuals that remain in the river will be called brooks trout. The total reproductive potential of small rivers of the Dagestan coast of the Caspian Sea is currently no less than in native salmon rivers (Terek, Samur). That is why small rivers play an important role in the natural reproduction of trout and brown trout. Among the small salmon rivers of Dagestan, the greatest fishery value have tributaries of the Sulak river, rivers of the Kara-Su system, Shura-ozen, Manas-ozen, etc. Significant differences in the climatic features of these areas inevitably affect the biology of trout inhabiting them.
Kontribusi Orang Tua Dalam Membangun Karakter Anak Sejak Usia Dini
Authors: Astuti Erni Puji
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini memberikan informasi kepada gurudan wali murid Paud dan tamankanak-kanaktentangkontribusi orang tua dalam membangun karakter anak sejak usia dini serta membantu memberikan solusi terhadap permasalahan berupa upaya yang dapat dilakukan orang tua dalam rangka membangun karakter anak sejak usia dini. Para guru dan wali murid PAUD dan Taman Kanak-kanak pada umumnya merupakan khalayak sasaran yang menjadi fokus pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini. Target yang ingin dicapai setelah pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah para guru, orangtua/wali murid PAUD dan Taman Kanak-kanak memiliki pemahaman tentang pentingnya peran orang tua dalam membangun karakter anak sejak usia dini serta upaya yang dapat dilakukan orang tua untuk membangun karakter anak sejak usia dini. Metode kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah metode ceramah dan tanya jawab. Secara keseluruhan kegiatan sosialisasi ini berjalan dengan lancar dan mendapat respon positif dari para peserta. Peserta menginginkan agar kegiatan ini dapat dilakukan secara kontinu. Dengan adanya kegitan ini para guru, wali murid PAUD dan Taman Kanak-kanak mendapatkan informasi tentang peran penting orang tua dalam membangun karakter anak sejak usia dini. Selain itu wali murid mengetahui upaya yang dapat dilakukan orang tua dalam rangka membangun karakter anak sejak usia dini. Karena pembentukan karakter anak sejak usia dini akan sangat mempengaruhi karakter anak itu di masa yang akan datang.
Workshop Public Speaking Bagi Anak Usia Dini di Desa Susuk Kecamatan Ngombol Kabupaten Purworejo
Authors: Faizah Umi , Setyowati Herlina , Setiyono Junaedi , Johan Andrian Nuriza
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk membantu   anak usia dini untuk mengembangkan potensi public speaking. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut metode pelatihan adalah dengan melalui workshop.  Sasaran Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah  anak usia dini di Desa Susuk Kecamatan Ngombol Kabupaten Purworejo dengan jumlah populasi adalah 60 orang. Permasalahan diselesaikan dalam tiga (3) tahapan kegiatan, yakni persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Pada tahap persiapan yang dilakukan adalah menganalisa masalah dan kebutuhan anak usia dini untuk melatih public speaking. Tahap kedua yaitu pelaksanaan terbagi menjadi beberapa sesi yaitu pembukaan, penyampaian teori dasar public speaking  Tahap ketiga yakni evaluasi dengan meminta umpan balik peserta melalui kuesioner tentang pemahaman materi.  Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dapat diuraikan sebagai berikut: Berdasarkan hasil umpan balik dari peserta, didapatkan informasi bahwa kegiatan ini sangat relevan dengan anak menghadapi permasalan public speaking bagi anak usia dini, para peserta merasa mendapatkan wawasan yang lebih luas tentang public speaking. Disamping Peserta merasa mendapatkan peningkatan dalam hal ketrampilan public speaking untuk anak usia dini, baik secara teori maupun praktik.
Inovasi Pengolahan Produk Turunan Madu Lebah Klanceng Menjadi Bee Polen Kapsul Sebagai Sumber Antioksidan di Desa Jelok Kecamatan Kaligesing, Purworejo
Authors: Wibawanti Jeki Mediantari Wahyu , Mudawaroch Roisu Eny , Pamungkas Sapto
Published: October 2020

Desa Jelok memiliki potensi pengembangan peternakan lebah madu klanceng. Akan tetapi, hasil turunan dari madu klanceng yang berupa bee polen selama ini belum dilakukan pengolahan. Oleh karena itu, tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk melakukan penyuluhan dan pelatihan inovasi pengolahan hasil turunan dari madu lebah klanceng yang berupa bee polen menjadi bee polen kapsul yang berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan kegiatan sosialisasi, praktek pemanenan bee polen, pelatihan pengolahan bee polen dan pengemasan dalam bentuk kapsul serta strategi promosi dan pemasaran produk. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini menjadikan anggota Bumdes Jambe Mule dan kelompok peternak lebah klanceng di Desa Jelok dapat melakukan pengolahan bee polen menjadi produk bee polen kapsul yang berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan dan lebih memiliki nilai jual.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Afektif Pada Asisten Praktikum Laboratorium Fisika
Authors: Hadiati Soka , Anita Anita , Pramuda Adi
Published: October 2020

This study aims to develop affective assessment instruments for practical assistants in physics laboratories. The development model used Plomp development model, consisting of five stages, namely: (1) the initial investigation stage; (2) Design; (3) Realization / construction stage; (4) testing, evaluation and revision; (5) implementation. The questionnaire is prepared based on theory and proven by its relevance (content validation) by experts. Collecting data in this study using non-test data collection techniques in the form of affective / attitude questionnaires. The affective score obtained will be analyzed the validity of the instrument construct using the analysis rash model theory with the winsteps program. Reliability using Alpha Cronbach. The attitude instrument was designed with reference to the criteria and indicators based on Rao's theory. Content validity by 7 experts showed that all items had good validity. The inter rater reliability of the questions was 0.8. Empirical validity shows that all items are valid. The instrument has item reliability 0.93 and person reliability 0.39 with good and moderate categories. This shows that the consistency of the answers from the subject is still weak, but the quality of the items in the instrument's reliability aspect is quite good. The instrument that has been developed meets the criteria of validity and reliability.
Implementasi Implementasi Metode Bahtsul Masail Berbasis Pendidikan Pesantren untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kemampuan Menganalisis Peserta Didik pada Pembelajaran Fisika di SMA
Authors: Jumini Sri , Insiyyah Jauharotul , Khoiri Ahmad
Published: October 2020

The aims of this study to (1) determine the student ability of critical think and analyze, using the bahtsul masail method, (2) to find out the difference between the bahtsul masail method and the conventional method in physics learning. The method in this study using a true experimental quantitative method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population used was all class XI students of SMA NU Al-Ma'ruf Kudus  and samples were students of class XI MIPA 2 and MIPA 4 taken by random sampling techniques. The data collection used the pretest and posttest to determine the effect of the bahtsul masail method. The results shows (1) The student thinking ability using the Bahtsul Masail method get higher results. (2) Based on the results of data analysis using paired t-test, it is obtained tcount of -7.4828 and ttable of 1.67 with a significance level of 5% and degrees of freedom of 58 so that if t <ttable, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted; This means that there is a difference between the mean pretest and posttest scores, there is also a positive and significant relationship between the bahtsul masail model with students' critical thinking and analyzing abilities. The N-gain value is obtained by an average N-gain score of 0.5902 in the medium category. And for the N-gain score obtained an average of 59,023 which is categorized as quite effective. Thus the application of the bahtsul masail method is effective enough to be applied in a lesson.
Software Defect Prediction Based on Feature Subset Selection and Ensemble Classification
Authors: Saifan Ahmad A , Abu-wardih Lina
Published: October 2020

Two primary issues have emerged in the machine learning and data mining community: how to deal with imbalanced data and how to choose appropriate features. These are of particular concern in the software engineering domain, and more specifically the field of software defect prediction. This research highlights a procedure which includes a feature selection technique to single out relevant attributes, and an ensemble technique to handle the class-imbalance issue. In order to determine the advantages of feature selection and ensemble methods we look at two potential scenarios: (1) Ensemble models constructed from the original datasets, without feature selection; (2) Ensemble models constructed from the reduced datasets after feature selection has been applied. Four feature selection techniques are employed: Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Pearson’s correlation, Greedy Stepwise Forward selection, and Information Gain (IG). The aim of this research is to assess the effectiveness of feature selection techniques using ensemble techniques. Five datasets, obtained from the PROMISE software depository, are analyzed; tentative results indicate that ensemble methods can improve the model's performance without the use of feature selection techniques. PCA feature selection and bagging based on K-NN perform better than both bagging based on SVM and boosting based on K-NN and SVM, and feature selection techniques including Pearson’s correlation, Greedy stepwise, and IG weaken the ensemble models’ performance.
Comparison of Combined Nebulization of Salbutamol-Ipratropium Bromide with Salbutamol Alone in Children with Mild and Moderate Acute Asthma
Authors: Raja Naima Fazil , Perveen Asmat , Khan Imran Mahmood , Hussain Maqbool , Krishin Jai , Sherazi Sajid Hussain
Published: October 2020

ntroduction: The β2 agonists are potent bronchodilators but their repeated and high doses are related to adrenergic side effects. While ipratropium bromide, an anticholinergic bronchodilator has less adverse effects.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of combined nebulization of salbutamol-ipratropium bromide with salbutamol alone in children with mild and moderate acute asthma.

Materials and Methods: This randomised control trial was done on 80 children aged 5 to 12 years who presented with mild to moderate acute asthma in the emergency department of Children Hospital of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) from July 2014 to June 2016 and randomized into 2 groups. In the experimental group each child received 2 nebulizations of combined salbutamol (5mg) and ipratropium Bromide (0.25mg) at presentation and 20 minutes later. Similarly, each child of the control group received 2 nebulizations of 5mg Salbutamol and 2 ml of Normal saline. Asthma clinical score (ACS) was assessed at baseline and then after every 20 minutes up to one hour after the presentation.

Results: In the experimental group, the mean + SD ACS at presentation and 60 minutes were 3.50±1.8 and 3.45±1.7 respectively with mean + SD change in ACS of 0.05 ± 0.1. In the control group, the mean + SD ACS at presentation and 60 minutes were 3.70 ± 1.2 and 3.60 ± 1.9, respectively with mean + SD change in ACS of 0.1 ± 0.7. This difference in mean + SD change in ACS between 2 groups was not statistically significant (P=0.6560).

Conclusion: There is no statistically significant benefit of adding ipratropium bromide with salbutamol nebulization as compared to salbutamol alone for the management of children with mild to moderate asthma attacks.
Adversities faced by Y or Z category health science journals with HEC, Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Mujahid , Dr Mahnoor
Published: October 2020

Objective: To know the rate and predictors for derecognition/demotion in HEC-indexed Y, and Z categories health science journals (HSJs)

Methods: A list of HEC-indexed Y and Z categories HSJs was downloaded from the official website of HEC, Pakistan on 29 July 2019. General information like the type of publisher, specialty, sponsoring body, origin city, and sector (Armed Forces/Civilian) of the derecognized or demoted journals were noted. Fundamental issues like HEC's procedures were resolved using literature review, contacts to the affected journals, and peer-to-peer discussions.  

Results: Of 50 journals, 25 (50%) were found against each of the Y and Z categories.  Fourteen (56% of the total) Y category journals faced adversity in the form of derecognition (n = 5) or demotion (n = 9). Whereas, the rate increased remarkably to 64% (n = 16) in the Z category. Similarly, the high rate was noticed in specialty-specific journals (67.9%, n =19). A journal under private sponsorship had twofold more chance of the adversity (95%CI:1.003-2.918, p = .05) than public-sponsored journals (75 vs. 50%, respectively). Most of the affected Z category journals (n = 13, 81.3%) had their first registration with HEC before 2015.

Conclusion: The policy of HEC for derecognition/demotion of HSJs needs extensive review to promote medical publications.
A Clinical Audit of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreaticogram of Patients performed in a Secondary Care Hospital
Authors: Khan Imran Anwar , Mahmoud Sheikh Muhammad , Saeed Saman , Akhtar Shajeel , Kataria Muzammil
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Recent advances in ERCP techniques are developed to improve its efficacy and safety but there are limited data regarding the efficacy and safety of ERCP carried out in secondary care hospital setting using modern techniques.

Objective: To perform a clinical audit of ERCP of patients performed in secondary care hospital. 

Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Gastroenterology hospital, Lahore from Jan 2018 - Dec 2018. After approval from the ethical committee and informed consent from subjects, detailed demographic information was collected and entered into a structured questionnaire. A total of 66 ERCP were included in the study by non-probability consecutive sampling. Data was analyzed in SPSS ver: 21.0. Frequency and percentages were calculated for qualitative variables like gender and diagnosis and complications.

Results: A total of 66 ERCP were performed. The mean age of patients was 57.35 + 12.30. 36.4% were male and 63.6% were female in our study. 53.0% had malignant ERCP findings and 47.0% had benign pathology. Among malignant conditions were proximal CBD malignant strictures (25.8%), distal CBD stricture with ampullary growth (9.0%), distal malignant CBD stricture (6.0%), long distal malignant CBD stricture (9.0%), and complete malignant obstruction mid CBD (3.1%).

Conclusion: The ERCP services provided at secondary care hospital are standardized with a desirable outcome. The rate of its technical success is comparable to tertiary care setting and complication rates are low alone with mortality related to the procedure.
Incomplete miscarriage during the first trimester: a comparison of indoor versus outdoor procedure
Authors: Iqbal Faiza , Azmat Sadia , Jamshaid Rabia , Arshad Zunaira , Saqib Anum
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Miscarriage is defined as the natural death of a fetus inside the uterus. To remove complete conception material after a miscarriage, vacuum aspiration or dilatation & curettage are methods to remove uterine contents. Controversies exist regarding both procedures. So we conducted this study to confirm the more successful method.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of manual vacuum aspiration versus traditional evacuation and curettage (E & C) among females presenting with incomplete miscarriage during the first trimester of pregnancy

Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was done at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shalamar Hospital, Lahore for 6 months. Then the selected females were divided randomly into 2 equal groups. In group A, females had manual vacuum procedure while in group B, females had evacuation & curettage under general anesthesia. After 12 hours of the procedure, ultrasonography was done to confirm complete evacuation.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 29.87 ± 6.71 years, the mean gestational age was 8.06 ± 2.82 weeks. The effectiveness was noted in 248 (91.85%) patients. Statistically, manual vacuum showed significantly more effective as compared to evacuation & curettage procedure in the management of incomplete miscarriage i.e. p-value = 0.008.

Conclusion: It has been proved that manual vacuum aspiration is more effective than traditional evacuation & curettage in the management of incomplete miscarriage.
The Magnetic Field of the Active Planet-hosting M Dwarf AU Mic
Authors: Kochukhov Oleg , Reiners Ansgar
Published: October 2020

AU Mic is a young, very active M dwarf star with a debris disk and at least one transiting Neptune-size planet. Here we present a detailed analysis of the magnetic field of AU Mic based on previously unpublished high-resolution optical and near-infrared spectropolarimetric observations. We report a systematic detection of circular and linear polarization signatures in the stellar photospheric lines. Tentative Zeeman Doppler imaging modeling of the former data suggests a nonaxisymmetric global field with a surface-averaged strength of about 90 G. At the same time, linear polarization observations indicate the presence of a much stronger ≈2 kG axisymmetric dipolar field, which contributes no circular polarization signal due to the equator-on orientation of AU Mic. A separate Zeeman broadening and intensification analysis allowed us to determine a mean field modulus of 2.3 and 2.1 kG from the Y- and K-band atomic lines, respectively. These magnetic field measurements are essential for understanding environmental conditions within the AU Mic planetary system.
Mapping and Publishing Sequence-Derived Data through Biodiversity Data Platforms
Authors: Schigel Dmitry , Andersson Anders , Bissett Andrew , Finstad Anders , Fossøy Frode , Grosjean Marie , Hope Michael , Kõljalg Urmas , Lundin Daniel , Nilsson R. Henrik , Prager Maria , Jeppesen Thomas , Svenningsen Cecilie
Published: October 2020

Most users will foresee the use of genetic sequences in the context of molecular ecology or phylogenetic research, however, a sequence with coordinates and a timestamp is a valuable biodiversity occurrence that is useful in a much broader context than its original purpose. To uncover this potential, sequence-derived data need to become findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable through generalist biodiversity data platforms. Stimulated by the Biodiversity_Next discussions in 2019, we have worked for about 10 months to put together practical data mapping and data publishing experiences in Norway, Australia, Sweden, and Denmark, as well as in the UNITE and the GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) networks. The resulting guide was put together to provide practical instruction for mapping sequence-derived data.

Biodiversity data communities remain dominated by the macroscopic, easily detectable, morphologically identifiable species. This is not only true for citizen science and other forms of biodiversity popularization, but is also visible in the university and museum department structures, financial resource allocations, biodiversity legislation, and policy design. Recent decades of molecular advances have increased the power of genetic methods for detecting, describing, and documenting global biodiversity. We have yet to see the wide shift of data generating efforts from the traditional taxonomic foci of biodiversity assesments to the more balanced and inclusive systems focusing on all functionally important taxa and environments. These include soil, limnic and marine environments, decomposing plants and deadwood, and all life therein. Environmental DNA data enable recording of present and past presence of micro- and macroscopic organisms with minimal effort and by non-invasive methods. The apparent ease of these methods requires a cautious approach to the resulting data and their interpretation.

It remains important to define and agree on the organism recording and reporting routines for genetic data. DNA data represent a major addition to the many ways in which GBIF and other biodiversity data platforms index the living world. Our guide is resting on the shoulders of those who have been developing and improving MIxS (Minimum Information about any (x) Sequence), GGBN (Global Genome Biodiversity Network) and other data standards. The added value of publishing sequence-derived data through non-genetic biodiversity discovery platforms relates to spatio-temporal occurrences and sequence-based names. Reporting sequence-derived occurrences in an open and reproducible way has a wide range of benefits: notably, it increases citability, highlights the taxa concerned in the context of biological conservation, and contributes to taxonomic and ecological knowledge.
Clinical evaluation of the synbiotic Prodefen Plus® in the prevention of the antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in subjects requiring antibiotic treatment
Authors: Guridi C. Barreiro , Serena A. Romeo , Cabrera S. Gallego , Fernández I. Alaman , Hernández C. Royo , Vivanco B. Martín , Melguizo M. Cruz , Suárez-Almarza J. , Nieto-Magro C.
Published: October 2020

Prodefen® is a dietary food supplement formulated as a synbiotic that has shown additional benefit to the standard supportive therapy in the management of acute viral diarrhoea in children. There is scarce evidence of this synbiotic in adults. The objective of this randomised double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Prodefen Plus® in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD) in an adult population requiring either antibiotic treatment for an oral infection or antibiotic prophylaxis for a dental surgical procedure in a dental consultation. 151 subjects were randomised to the active (synbiotic) or control arm (placebo) for 14 days. There was a significantly higher reduction in the AAD incidence, and an improvement in the stool consistency in the active group. A higher reduction in both the frequency and duration of the diarrhoea episodes in the active group was also observed, as it was an improved perception of the diarrhoea severity. Overall, the study medication was well tolerated. In conclusion, results from this study confirm the beneficial effect of the synbiotic administered as adjuvant therapy in preventing the antibiotic-associated diarrhoea.
Sources of Error in Toric Intraocular Lens Power Calculation
Authors: Hirnschall Nino , Findl Oliver , Bayer Natascha , Leisser Christoph , Norrby Sverker , Zimper Eva , Hoffmann Peter
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the influencing factors on remaining astigmatism after implanting a toric intraocular lens (IOL) during cataract surgery.

METHODS:

This retrospective study included parameters that were considered to have an influence on toric IOL power calculation. Therefore, data from the literature and the authors' own data were used. This included axial eye length, anterior chamber depth, central corneal thickness, corneal radii (anterior and posterior), diurnal changes of the cornea, inter-device differences, rotational misalignment of the IOL, tilt and decentration of the IOL, pupil size, angle kappa, and surgically induced astigmatism. Ray-tracing and Gaussian error propagation analysis was performed to quantify the sources of error.

RESULTS:

In total, 4,949 eyes (4,365 eyes of 42 studies and 584 eyes of retrospectively analyzed study data) were included in the study and the difference vector between aimed and calculated remaining astigmatism was 0.81 diopters (D). The main source of error was the preoperative measurement of the cornea (27%), followed by IOL misalignment (14.4%) and IOL tilt (11.3%). Other factors, such as angle kappa (10.9%), pupil size (8.1%), surgically induced astigmatism (7.8%), anterior chamber depth (7.5%), axial eye length (7.5%), and decentration (5.6%), also contributed to the refractive astigmatic error.

CONCLUSIONS:

The main source of error in toric IOL power calculation is the preoperative corneal measurement followed by IOL misalignment and tilt.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(10):646–652.]
Safe Sleep, Plagiocephaly, and Brachycephaly: Assessment, Risks, Treatment, and When to Refer
Authors: Marshall Judith M. , Shahzad Farooq
Published: October 2020

The Safe to Sleep campaign started in 1994, reducing the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) by 40% to 60%. However, an undesirable consequence has been a 400% to 600% increase in positional head deformities. We review the risks for positional plagiocephaly or brachycephaly, treatment modalities, and when to refer. Differential diagnoses for non-positional deformities are discussed. Risks for positional head deformities include prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors. These include torticollis, inadequate tummy time, abnormal intrauterine positioning, premature or postmature birth, prolonged labor, complex medical conditions, prolonged hospitalizations, developmental delay, and use of supportive or convenience devices. Recommended treatment involves repositioning techniques or physical therapy with or without helmet use. Early referral to physical therapy or a head shape program insures better outcomes for full correction of the deformity. The severity of residual deformities is directly related to the age at which the child is referred.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2020;49(10):e440–e447.]
Nelinearna struktura zloga
Authors: Unuk Drago
Published: October 2020

Zlog kot fonološki pojav predstavlja osnovno fonološko ^ enoto z lastno strukturo, v katero se povezujejo f onemi. Prispevek w predsta vlja n elin earn o strukturo zloga v obliki skeletu e sheme strukture - členitev na onset, nukleus in kodo, tj. členjenje na sestavine brez rime. Prin cip son orn osti v zlogu določa, da je lahko med posamezn im < členom zloga in sonornim središčem samo člen, ki ima višjo stopnjo S son orn osti kot zun an ji člen.
Johann Siegmund Valentin Popowitsch (Janez Žiga Valentin Popovič), Vocabula Austriaca et Stiriaca 1-2 (Frankfurt am Main 2004)
Authors: Weiss Peter
Published: October 2020

Avstrijski slovar, ki ga je v tretji četrtini 18. stoletja sestavil slovenski učenjak Janez Žiga Valentin Popovič (1705-1774), je izšel šele leta 2004 v uredništvu Richarda Reutnerja, kije k njemu napisal obsežen uvod. Slovar vsebuje mnogo jezikovnogeografskih podatkov za nemščino, odlične razlage in marsikaj primerjalnega, veliko pa se najde tudi v zvezi s Popovičevo materinščino. Občudovanja vredna je avtorjeva razgledanost predvsem po nemškem jezikoslovnem prostoru in po takratni jezikoslovni literaturi.
Slovenian dialect kri, kr(i)vesa ‘blood’: The original declension pattern of Proto-Slavic *kry ‘blood’
Authors: Furlan Metka
Published: October 2020

Alongside external Indo-European material (Skt. kravíṣ- n. ‘raw, bloody meat’, Gk. κρέας n., Gsg κρέως ‘meat’, Lat. cruor m., Gsg cruōris ‘blood’), internal Slavic material, especially Slovenian (standard and dialect), leads to the conclusion that the Proto-Slavic noun for ‘blood’ *kry, Gsg *krъve was originally a neuter s-stem noun.
The borrowed suffix ‑i(j)ada in established and potential Slovenian derived vocabulary
Authors: Voršič Ines
Published: October 2020

This article uses FidaPLUS corpus material to present nominal derivations with the borrowed suffix ‑iada, which preserves its original spelling in Slovenian, is orthographically adapted to ‑ijada, or is shortened and simplified to ‑jada or ‑ada. The article presents the combinatory compatibility of the suffix with native and borrowed word-formational bases, and examines its ability to combine with various semantic groups.
Phraseological dictionary of standard Russian, by Aleksander Ilyich Fedorov
Authors: Rojs Jurij
Published: October 2020

This is the most comprehensive Russian phraseological dictionary. It contains approximately 13,000 phraseological units and encompasses phrasemes from the eighteenth century to the present. It uses nest-alphabetic ordering and also contains stylistic labels. It is intended for everyone studying Russian.
Jakob Müller: slovenistična bibliografija 1964–2011
Authors: Weiss Peter , Porenta Alenka
Published: October 2020

Bibliografija Jakoba Müllerja za čas do leta 1995 je bila objavljena v knjigah Biografije in bibliografije znanstvenih in strokovnih sodelavcev Slovenske akademije znanosti in umetnosti (1: 1964–1975: Ljubljana: SAZU, 1976, 142–143) in Biografije in bibliografije raziskovalcev Znanstvenoraziskovalnega centra SAZU (2: 1976–1985, Ljubljana: SAZU, 1986, 27–29; 3: 1986–1995, Ljubljana: Založba ZRC, ZRC

SAZU, 1998, 45–47). Tale izpopolnjena bibliografija zajema avtorjevo slovenistično, predvsem jezikoslovno delo in objave o njem. Objavljeni povzetki niso upoštevani, če je delo, na katero se nanašajo, izšlo, predavanje kot govorni nastop pa je upoštevano le, če ni bilo objavljeno ali predstavljeno v objavljenem povzetku. Elektronske objave prvotno natisnjenih del tu niso navedene, lahko pa so dosegljive v vedno

znova osveženi bibliografiji na spletnem naslovu http://splet02.izum.si/cobiss/bibliography?code=00333. – Za osnovo so bili uporabljeni podatki iz Cobissa, ki jih je pripravila naša sodelavka Mojca Uran iz Biblioteke SAZU v Ljubljani.
Spregledanemu jezikoslovcu in folkloristu Ivanu Koštiálu (1877–1949)
Authors: Rožman Irena
Published: October 2020

V tej številki revije Jezikoslovni zapiski so objavljeni prispevki avtorja in avtoric, ki smo si prizadevali, da bi kritično ovrednotili izseček obširnega opusa znanstvenih, strokovnih in poljudoznanstvenih del jezikoslovca in folklorista Ivana Koštiála. Na našem prvem sestanku 4. marca 2011, ki smo se ga udeležili Agata Šega, Tjaša Jakop, Metka Furlan, Silvo Torkar, Drago Samec, Vanda Babič in Irena Rožman (Rožana Koštiál se sestanka ni mogla udeležiti), smo očitno entuziastično sklenili, da bomo v okviru našega »projekta«:

(1) preučili Koštiálova razpršena znanstvena in strokovna dela ter druge objave in še neobjavljeno gradivo, vse to pa zaokrožili v smiselno celoto; (2) na podlagi njegove rokopisne zapuščine, denimo korespondence in drugih virov, ugotovili, s katerimi domačimi in tujimi jezikoslovci je sodeloval in kakšni so bili njihovi medsebojni odnosi ter morebitni skupni znanstveni rezultati; (3) poiskali sledi njegovega dela tudi v tujini, npr. v Italiji in Avstriji ter na Hrvaškem; (4) še nadalje zbirali njegove življenjepisne podatke, saj je o njegovem zasebnem življenju malo znanega; (5) preverili gradivo v pokrajinskih in šolskih arhivih v središčih, v katerih je poučeval, in v zapuščinah tujih strokovnjakov, s katerimi je sodeloval, npr. s Friedrichom S. Kraussom in Raffaelejem Corsom; (6) poiskali možnosti, da se kot zaključna faza projekta izdajo Koštiálova zbrana dela.