bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Event‐triggered fault detection filter design for networked switched systems with all subsystems unstable and cyber attacks
Authors: Zhang Zhigang , Liu Jinhai , Zhang Shuo , Zhu Hongfei
Published: September 2023

This article focuses on the issue of event‐triggered fault detection filters (FDF) design for networked switched systems. Compared with the existing fault detection literature, this article investigates the situation that all subsystems are unstable, and considers that stochastic cyber attacks will disrupt fault detection. An event‐triggered mechanism (ETM) that excludes Zeno behavior naturally is designed to economize limited network resources. Then considering the ETM‐induced delay term, the dynamics of the initial system combined with the ETM, fault detection filters, and the effects of cyber attacks are formulated as a new augment switched delayed residual model. Based on the constructed multiple piecewise discretized Lyapunov–Krasovskii function (MPDLKF) and the mode‐dependent dwell time (MDDT) method, sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee globally mean‐square uniformly asymptotically stability of the new augment system. Moreover, a co‐design method of ETM matrices and FDF gains is proposed. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Atomically Dispersed Sn Confined in FeS2 for Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Electroreduction
Authors: Zhang Guike , Wang Fuzhou , Chen Kai , Kang Jilong , Chu Ke
Published: September 2023

Electrocatalytic NO3− reduction to NH3 (NO3RR) is an efficient strategy to simultaneously mitigate NO3− contamination and produce sustainable NH3. Herein, atomically dispersed Sn confined in FeS2 (Sn‐FeS2) is reported as an effective and robust NO3RR catalyst, achieving a maximum NH3‐Faradaic efficiency of 96.7% with a corresponding NH3 yield rate of 15.8 mg h−1 cm−2, along with an excellent catalytic stability. Atomic coordination characterizations of Sn‐FeS2 unravel that single‐atomic Sn bonds with the surrounding Fe atoms to construct the unique p‐d hybridized Sn‐Fe pair sites. Combining theoretical investigations and operando spectroscopic measurements unveil that Sn‐Fe pair sites can synergistically promote the NO3− activation and N═O bond dissociation, accelerate the protonation energetics of NO3−‐to‐NH3 pathway and suppress the competing hydrogen evolution, eventually drastically enhancing the NO3RR activity and selectivity.
PtFe Nanoalloys Supported on Fe‐Based Cubic Framework as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Wu Yinlong , Chen Liming , Geng Shipeng , Tian Yuhui , Chen Rui , Wang Kun , Wang Yi , Song Shuqin
Published: September 2023

While Pt‐based binary alloys hold promising potential as cathode catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) due to their desirable properties compared with monometallic counterparts, their weak interactions with carbon support make them challenging for practical cell implementation. Here, the PtFe alloys are uniformly deposited onto the surface of Fe‐Nx‐enriched nanocubes (FeNC) via surface confinement and internal vapor phase etching. The combined action of PtFe alloy and FeNC support acts as the electronic structure modulator resulting in the optimized intermediate adsorption (revealed by density function theory calculations), thereby boosting intrinsic activity to oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and simultaneously enhancing their interactions. The resultant Pt1Fe1 @ Fe0.5NC‐900 catalyst with a low Pt loading (0.065 mgPt cm−2) exhibits excellent mass activity and stability toward ORR in acidic media. When incorporated into a PEMFC, it delivers a superior peak power density of 1.05 W cm−2 and satisfactory stability performance.
Invar Effect in the Wide and Higher Temperature Range by Coherent Coupling in Fe‐Based Alloy
Authors: Cui Jin , Sun Ying , Shi Kewen , Deng Sihao , Ma Tianyu , Du Yi , Zhang Jialin , Cheng Ningyan , Yuan Xiuliang , He Lunhua , Li Bing , Li Xiaolong , Chen Shuangming , Gu Yueliang , Wang Cong
Published: September 2023

Invar alloys with zero thermal expansion (ZTE), isotropy, high operation temperature, and wide temperature range are of great significance in fields such as aerospace and modern industry. However, it is difficult to simultaneously meet the above characteristics in one material. The traditional methods like element or vacancies doping would increase the operation temperature but at the expense of ZTE behavior. Here, by the coherent coupling between two cubic phases, the isotropic ZTE metallic material with the higher cut‐off temperature (560 K) and a wide operation temperature range (ΔT = 200 K) is obtained in Fe2.75Co0.25PtB0.25. The operation temperature range is much higher than that of commercial Fe0.65Ni0.35 Invar alloy and meets the applications at elevated temperatures. High‐angle annular dark field images and synchrotron X‐ray diffraction prove that by the coherent interfacial coupling between the A1 and its coherent L12 nanodomains, the original negative thermal expansion or positive thermal expansion performances for them can be changed into the same ZTE performances. This thermal expansion regulation strategy realized by coherent coupling will lead to an innovative and significant revolution for ZTE design and promote its development and application.
Exploring the Potential of Nanogels: From Drug Carriers to Radiopharmaceutical Agents
Authors: Kubeil Manja , Suzuki Yota , Casulli Maria Antonietta , Kamal Rozy , Hashimoto Takeshi , Bachmann Michael , Hayashita Takashi , Stephan Holger
Published: September 2023

Nanogels open up access to a wide range of applications and offer among others hopeful approaches for use in the field of biomedicine. This review provides a brief overview of current developments of nanogels in general, particularly in the fields of drug delivery, therapeutic applications, tissue engineering, and sensor systems. Specifically, cyclodextrin (CD)‐based nanogels are important because they have exceptional complexation properties and are highly biocompatible. Nanogels as a whole and CD‐based nanogels in particular can be customized in a wide range of sizes and equipped with a desired surface charge as well as containing additional molecules inside and outside, such as dyes, solubility‐mediating groups or even biological vector molecules for pharmaceutical targeting. Currently, biological investigations are mainly carried out in vitro, but more and more in vivo applications are gaining importance. Modern molecular imaging methods are increasingly being used for the latter. Due to an extremely high sensitivity and the possibility of obtaining quantitative data on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, nuclear methods such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) using radiolabeled compounds are particularly suitable here. The use of radiolabeled nanogels for imaging, but also for therapy, is being discussed.
Intermediates Regulation via Electron‐Deficient Cu Sites for Selective Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Electroreduction
Authors: Gu Zhengxiang , Zhang Yechuan , Wei Xuelian , Duan Zhenyu , Gong Qiyong , Luo Kui
Published: September 2023

Ammonia (NH3), known as one of the fundamental raw materials for manufacturing commodities such as chemical fertilizers, dyes, ammunitions, pharmaceuticals, and textiles, exhibits a high hydrogen storage capacity of ≈17.75%. Electrochemical nitrate reduction (NO3RR) to valuable ammonia at ambient conditions is a promising strategy to facilitate the artificial nitrogen cycle. Herein, copper‐doped cobalt selenide nanosheets with selenium vacancies are reported as a robust and highly efficient electrocatalyst for the reduction of nitrate to ammonia, exhibiting a maximum Faradaic efficiency of ≈93.5% and an ammonia yield rate of 2360 µg h−1 cm−2 at −0.60 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. The in situ spectroscopical and theoretical study demonstrates that the incorporation of Cu dopants and Se vacancies into cobalt selenide efficiently enhances the electron transfer from Cu to Co atoms via the bridging Se atoms, forming the electron‐deficient structure at Cu sites to accelerate NO3− dissociation and stabilize the *NO2 intermediates, eventually achieving selective catalysis in the entire NO3RR process to produce ammonia efficiently.
Architecture of Vanadium‐Based MXene Dysregulating Tumor Redox Homeostasis for Amplified Nanozyme Catalytic/Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Zhao Ruoxi , Zhu Yanlin , Feng Lili , Liu Bin , Hu Yaoyu , Zhu Haixia , Zhao Zhiyu , Ding He , Gai Shili , Yang Piaoping
Published: September 2023

Taking the significance of the special microenvironment for tumor cell survival into account, disrupting tumor redox homeostasis is highly prospective for improving therapeutic efficacy. Herein, a multifunctional 2D vanadium‐based MXene nanoplatform, V4C3/atovaquone@bovine albumin (V4C3/ATO@BSA, abbreviated as VAB) has been elaborately constructed for ATO‐enhanced nanozyme catalytic/photothermal therapy. The redox homeostasis within the tumor cells is eventually disrupted, showing a remarkable anti‐tumor effect. The VAB nanoplatform with mixed vanadium valence states can induce a cascade of catalyzed reactions in the tumor microenvironment, generating plenty of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with effective glutathione consumption to amplify oxidative stress. Meanwhile, the stable and strong photothermal effect of VAB under near‐infrared irradiation not only causes the necrosis of tumor cells, but also improves its peroxidase‐like activity. In addition, the release of ATO can effectively alleviate endogenous oxygen consumption to limit triphosadenine formation and inhibit mitochondrial respiration. As a result, the expression of heat shock proteins is effectively suppressed to overcome thermoresistance and the production of ROS can be further promoted due to mitochondrial injury. Moreover, VAB also presents high photoacoustic and photothermal imaging performances. In brief, the multifunctional nanoplatform can provide ATO‐enhanced nanozyme catalytic/photothermal therapy with broadening the biomedical applications of vanadium‐based MXene.
In Situ Spectroscopic Detection of Large‐Scale Reorientations of Transmembrane Helices During Influenza A M2 Channel Opening**
Authors: Paschke Ronja Rabea , Mohr Swantje , Lange Sascha , Lange Adam , Kozuch Jacek
Published: September 2023

Viroporins are small ion channels in membranes of enveloped viruses that play key roles during viral life cycles. To use viroporins as drug targets against viral infection requires in‐depth mechanistic understanding and, with that, methods that enable investigations under in situ conditions. Here, we apply surface‐enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy to Influenza A M2 reconstituted within a solid‐supported membrane, to shed light on the mechanics of its viroporin function. M2 is a paradigm of pH‐activated proton channels and controls the proton flux into the viral interior during viral infection. We use SEIRA to track the large‐scale reorientation of M2’s transmembrane α‐helices in situ during pH‐activated channel opening. We quantify this event as a helical tilt from 26° to 40° by correlating the experimental results with solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance‐informed computational spectroscopy. This mechanical motion is impeded upon addition of the inhibitor rimantadine, giving a direct spectroscopic marker to test antiviral activity. The presented approach provides a spectroscopic tool to quantify large‐scale structural changes and to track the function and inhibition of the growing number of viroporins from pathogenic viruses in future studies.
Crystal structure, optical properties, mobility, and photoelectric performance of [PEA]3[Bi2I9]
Authors: Wang Xueze , Li Mengqing , Cao Wenhuan , Li Wenhui , Gao Huidan , Zhang Qingfu , Zhou Huawei , Zhang Xianxi
Published: September 2023

Lead halide‐based salts exhibit good photoelectric properties; however, the use, leakage, and recovery of toxic lead require careful consideration. Therefore, developing a lead‐free optoelectronic material conveniently and quickly is very important. Moreover, there is relatively little research on the salts of bismuth halides. In this study, we synthesized [PEA]3[Bi2I9] single crystals (SC) by volatilizing N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent at 70°C. The crystal system and spatial group of [PEA]3[Bi2I9] are monoclinic and P21/n, respectively. The Tauc plot reveals the optical band gap of the [PEA]3[Bi2I9] SC at 2.048 eV. The carrier mobility of [PEA]3[Bi2I9] SC is 47.4 cm2 V−1 s−1. Steady‐state fluorescence and time‐resolved fluorescence spectrum indicate that there are four fluorescence peaks and about 7 μs lifetime, respectively. The photodetector based on [PEA]3[Bi2I9] SC under different voltages (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 V) exhibits stability and regularity with turning‐on/off of the light. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests indicate that [PEA]3[Bi2I9] SC has considerable thermal stability at temperatures up to 260°C, showing promise for becoming a high temperature resistant and nontoxic sensor with good application prospects.
Using epoxy/acid stoichiometry to rationally tune the thermomechanical and reprocessing properties of epoxy vitrimers
Authors: Sheng Jie , Geng Tie , Jiang Lin , Wu Haihong , Li Jiquan , Huang Zhengqiang , You Jing , Guo Yonggang
Published: September 2023

Epoxy vitrimers immerged as an appealing alternative to traditional plastics. However, high loading of catalyst and harsh processing conditions are prerequisites to fully exploit the vitrimer properties. In this work, stoichiometric ratio, an often neglected factor, was utilized to further accelerate the rate of dynamic transesterification. Epoxy vitrimers with four epoxy/acid stoichiometries (60:30, 40:30, 30:30, and 24:30) were prepared to comparatively analyze their network structures, thermomechanical properties, and reprocessing properties. It was found that the off‐stoichiometry epoxy vitrimers have almost the similar excellent thermal stability as epoxy thermosets. Vitrimers with excess epoxy showed increased tensile strength (from 26.3 to 42.7 MPa) and decreased elongation at the break (from 5.5% to 1.7%). Meanwhile, excess epoxy induced abundant of hydroxy groups in the vitrimers, imparting satisfactory repairability, reformability, and recyclability. Specifically, epoxy/acid (60:30) repaired 94% in 10 min at 180°C, and maintained over 93% mechanical properties after reforming and recycling. However, simply increasing the epoxy content will compromise the structural integrity of the network, simultaneously resulting in reduced toughness of epoxy vitrimers. These findings demonstrated that epoxy/acid stoichiometry can be a powerful tool to develop epoxy vitrimers with both excellent thermomechanical and reprocessing properties.
“Bulgaria on three seas!”: An example of regression as a defense mechanism experienced by a large‐group in a response to its national inferiority complex
Authors: Nikolova Yana
Published: September 2023

“Bulgaria on three seas” is a commonly used phrase in Bulgaria. It is used on national celebration days, around government election days, in populist campaigns, on TV shows, on social media, at folkloric concerts and gatherings and in simple everyday conversations. The phrase signifies a specific golden century of Bulgarian history characterized by the fact that Bulgaria reaches the Black, White and Adriatic seas. Today, the phrase is regularly used by Bulgarians when they talk about their country. This glorious time is also used as part of the political and public rhetoric where ideology has nationalistic character. It is present during political public debates about the country's reactions to both its past and its future. The phrase “Bulgaria on three seas” lifts the national spirit during moments of struggle. And all that raises questions about why Bulgarians constantly refer to this part of their history and what this regressive behavior demonstrates. This article aims to provide a psychological explanation, combining the concepts of regression (going back to the past), denial of the present and national inferiority complex (perceived helplessness and weakness) in order to analyze how a nation could respond to its own feelings of national group inferiority. It explains how regression is a response to one's own feelings of inferiority and it contributes to the studies of large‐group psychology established by Vamik Volkan by offering an alternative explanation. The work demonstrates that regression is the Bulgarian way of dealing with its own inferiority complexes when in denial about what is happening in the present. This takes place when group identity (or an aspect of it) is questioned. The article also provides a pathway to further exploration of how other nations deal with similar experiences.
Information Networks: Literature and Curriculum
Authors: Lilley Dorothy B. , Rodriguez Carlos E.
Published: September 2023

The research reported in this paper is largely exploratory or preliminary to anticipated further investigation into the role of the published literature in curriculum development in the field of information networks. The following four facts are established: (1) information networks is a subset of information science; (2) information science curricula have been developed upon various bases; (3) the published literature is seldom mentioned in reports of information science curriculum development; and (4) information networks is beginning to be included in information science curricula. The following three products are presented: (1) a set of working definitions for curriculum development in the field of information networks; (2) a curriculum paradigm for a first graduate‐level course in information networks; and, (3) a list of key works for use in development and support of this curriculum. The heuristic method was utilized, both in the selection of the curriculum components and in the selection of the literature items which were taken largely from references in the first ten volumes of the Annual Review of Information Science and Technology. A symbiotic relationship between the published literature and curriculum design is assumed. Preresearch activity included a literature search and a perusal and analysis of eight reports of curricula in information science.
Establishing pathogen log reduction value targets for direct potable reuse in the United States
Authors: Gerrity Daniel , Crank Katherine , Steinle‐Darling Eva , Pecson Brian M.
Published: September 2023

Communities are now turning to potable reuse to augment their water supply portfolios in response to increasing demand and climate uncertainty. One barrier to broader implementation is a lack of regulations for direct potable reuse (DPR) in some locations. An incomplete understanding of the foundation of existing DPR frameworks may be contributing to this barrier. The objective of this study was to use a publicly available quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) tool—DPRisk—to explain the basis behind California's existing indirect potable reuse regulations, California's draft DPR regulations, and an Expert Panel's response to those draft regulations. Then, leveraging a robust raw wastewater pathogen dataset from the literature, DPRisk was used to justify two alternatives: one based on maximum simulated pathogen concentrations and the other based on 97.4th percentile concentrations. The latter represents an effort to seek equivalency between “raw wastewater” (i.e., California) and “treated effluent” (i.e., Texas) approaches. Using justified QMRA assumptions, the baseline log reduction value (LRV) targets were determined to be 15/11/11 (maximum) or 13/10/10 (97.4th percentile) for viruses, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium. Additionally, instead of augmenting the baseline LRVs to account for undetected treatment process failures, tolerances for off‐specification conditions (e.g., up to 3 logs for 3–12 days per year) were characterized. With this foundational knowledge, stakeholders can better understand and adopt these frameworks or use DPRisk to establish a new framework that better addresses their unique constraints, including considerations for preferred treatment paradigms and capital and operational costs.
Integrated network pharmacology and metabolomics analyses of the mechanism underlying the efficacy of Ma‐Mu‐Ran Antidiarrheal Capsules against dextran sulfate sodium–induced ulcerative colitis
Authors: Huang Hailing , Duan Bailu , Zheng Sili , Ye Yan , Zhang Dongning , Huang Zhuang , Wang Shanshan , Zhang Fengyun , Huang Ping , Huang Fang , Han Lintao
Published: September 2023

The current study utilizes a comprehensive network pharmacology and metabolomics analysis to investigate the mechanism of action of Ma‐Mu‐Ran Antidiarrheal Capsules (MMRAC) for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we established a mouse model of UC using dextran sulfate sodium. Colonic tissues were collected from mice and then subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining, as well as histopathological analysis, to assess the therapeutic effect of MMRAC. Furthermore, we assessed the mechanisms through which MMRAC combats UC by employing integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology strategies. Lastly, we validated the key targets identified through western blot and molecular docking. An integrated network of metabolomics and network pharmacology was constructed using Cytoscape to identify eight endogenous metabolites involved in the therapeutic action of MMRAC on UC. Further comprehensive analyses were focused on four key targets and their associated core metabolites and pathways. The results of western blot and molecular docking demonstrated that MMRAC could modulate key targets and their expression levels. The cumulative results indicated that MMRAC restored intestinal function in UC, reduced inflammatory responses, and alleviated oxidative stress by influencing the methionine and cysteine metabolic pathways, as well as the urea cycle. In addition, it had an impact on arginine, proline, glutamate, aspartate, and asparagine metabolic pathways and their associated targets.
Immunohistochemical expression of NRF2 is correlated with the magnitude of inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver disease
Authors: To Keii , Okada Kosuke , Watahiki Takahisa , Suzuki Hideo , Tsuchiya Kiichiro , Tokushige Katsutoshi , Yamamoto Masakazu , Ariizumi Shun‐ichi , Shoda Junichi
Published: September 2023

Background

The nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2–Kelch‐like Ech‐associated protein (NRF2–KEAP1) pathway is a major cellular defense mechanism against oxidative stress. However, the role of NRF2–KEAP1 signaling in the development of chronic liver disease remains unclear.

Methods

Clinical liver specimens from 50 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) developed from non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), 49 HCCs developed from chronic viral hepatitis C (CHc), and 48 liver metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC) from both tumorous and non‐tumorous areas were collected during hepatic resection surgery. They were evaluated by immunohistochemical analyses of hematoxylin–eosin, Masson's trichrome, NRF2, and KEAP1, and compared with clinicopathological information.

Results

Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis were more severe in the low‐intensity NRF2 group than in the high‐intensity NRF2 group both between CRC and NASH (Low vs. High: inflammation; p = 0.003, fibrosis; p = 0.014), and between CRC and CHc (Low vs. High: inflammation; p = 0.031, fibrosis; p = 0.011), which could indicate that NRF2 expression in cytosol of hepatocytes was inversely correlated with liver inflammation and fibrosis in non‐tumorous areas. The dense staining of NRF2 in the nuclei of non‐tumor hepatocytes positively correlated with liver inflammation (CRC and NASH; R = 0.451, p < 0.001, CRC and CHc; R = 0.502, p < 0.001) and fibrosis (CRC and NASH; R = 0.566, p < 0.001, CRC and CHc; R = 0.548, p < 0.001) in both NASH and CHc, and was inversely correlated with hepatic spare ability features such as platelet count (R = −0.253, p = 0.002) and prothrombin time (R = −0.206, p = 0.012). However, KEAP1 expression was not correlated with NRF2 expression levels and nuclear staining intensity.

Conclusions

Nuclear translocation of NRF2 was correlated with the magnitude of liver inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver disease. These results suggest that NRF2 plays a protective role in the development of chronic liver diseases such as NASH and CHc.
Comparison of the slow‐pull and aspiration methods of endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration for next‐generation sequencing‐compatible tissue collection in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kajita Yukihito , Teranishi Shuhei , Sawazumi Tomoe , Watanabe Haruka , Nagaoka Satoshi , Tanaka Anna , Suzukawa Yuichirou , Motobayashi Yuto , Hirose Tomofumi , Maeda Chihiro , Seki Kenichi , Tashiro Ken , Kobayashi Nobuaki , Yamamoto Masaki , Kudo Makoto , Inayama Yoshiaki , Kaneko Takeshi
Published: September 2023

Background

Personalized treatment for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has advanced rapidly, and elucidating the genetic changes that trigger this disease is crucial for appropriate treatment selection. Both slow‐pull and aspiration methods of endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA) are accepted methods for collecting samples suitable for next‐generation sequencing (NGS) to examine driver gene mutations and translocations in NSCLC. Here, we aimed to determine which of these two methods is superior for obtaining higher‐quality samples from patients with NSCLC.

Methods

Seventy‐one patients diagnosed with NSCLC via EBUS‐TBNA using the slow‐pull or aspiration (20‐mL negative pressure) methods between July 2019 and September 2022 were included. A total of 203 tissue samples from the 71 patients were fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin, and mounted on slides. The presence of tissue cores, degree of blood contamination, and number of tumor cells were compared between the groups. The success rate of NGS, using Oncomine Dx Target Test Multi‐CDx, was also compared between the groups.

Results

The slow‐pull method was associated with a higher yield of tissue cores, lower degree of blood contamination, and higher number of tumor cells than the aspiration method. The success rate of the NGS was also significantly higher for the slow‐pull group (95%) than for the aspiration group (68%).

Conclusion

Overall, these findings suggest that the slow‐pull method is a superior technique for EBUS‐TBNA to obtain high‐quality tissue samples for NGS. The slow‐pull method may contribute to the identification of driver gene mutations and translocations and facilitate personalized treatment of NSCLC.
Heterogeneous group path planning algorithm based on data and mechanism model
Authors: Li Chaochao , Wu Qiong
Published: September 2023

It is a challenging task to find a feasible path from the start to the end for heterogeneous group and avoid collision between dynamic agents and static obstacles. The existing methods are usually applicable to static simple scenes or the type of scenes including a single kind of agents, and it is difficult to meet the high dynamic heterogeneous group movements. To address the above issues, we propose a hybrid driven heterogeneous group path planning method based on data and mechanism model. Data and mechanism model are combined to drive movements of heterogeneous groups. The experimental results show that our method can describe movements of heterogeneous groups more realistically and solve the collision avoidance of heterogeneous groups well. We quantitatively evaluate our method using metrics such as the number of inflection points and the average turning angle. Average turning angle has decreased by 59.50% on average over prior methods. Number of inflection points has decreased by 69.19% on average over prior methods.
Novel approach to stenting the left anterior descending coronary artery through a retrograde approach via the left internal mammary artery graft in a patient with occlusion of the coronary ostium from a prior aortic valve replacement
Authors: Soud Mohamad , Feit Frederick , Rao Sunil , Bangalore Sripal
Published: September 2023

Total occlusion of both coronary ostia is a rare and potentially life‐threatening complication following surgical aortic valve replacement. This report presents a case of a patient with known total occlusion of both coronary artery ostia following combined coronary artery bypass graft surgery and aortic valve replacement who underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention through a retrograde approach.
Parasitic mature cystic ovarian teratoma: A rare case of autoimplantation of a twisted dermoid cyst
Authors: Shrestha Suraj , Adhikari Sugat , Yadav Chandra Narayan , Poddar Elisha , Bhatta Shekhar , Sapkota Surendra , Khadayat Ramesh , Neupane Garima , Kunwar Simin , Regmi Pradeep Raj
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical Message

Extragonadal parasitic dermoid cysts are rare. Diagnosis of such extragonadal parasitic teratoma is often done intraoperatively during surgical exploration of abdominal mass.
Hexanuclear Ln6L6 Complex Formation by Using an Unsymmetric Ligand
Authors: Bell Daniel J. , Zhang Tongtong , Geue Niklas , Rogers Ciarán J. , Barran Perdita E. , Bowen Alice M. , Natrajan Louise S. , Riddell Imogen A.
Published: September 2023

Multinuclear, self‐assembled lanthanide complexes present clear opportunities as sensors and imaging agents. Despite the widely acknowledged potential of this class of supramolecule, synthetic and characterization challenges continue to limit systematic studies into their self‐assembly restricting the number and variety of lanthanide architectures reported relative to their transition metal counterparts. Here we present the first study evaluating the effect of ligand backbone symmetry on multinuclear lanthanide complex self‐assembly. Replacement of a symmetric ethylene linker with an unsymmetric amide at the center of a homoditopic ligand governs formation of an unusual Ln6L6 complex with coordinatively unsaturated metal centers. The choice of triflate as a counterion, and the effect of ionic radii are shown to be critical for formation of the Ln6L6 complex. The atypical Ln6L6 architecture is characterized using a combination of mass spectrometry, luminescence, DOSY NMR and EPR spectroscopy measurements. Luminescence experiments support clear differences between comparable Eu6L6 and Eu2L3 complexes, with relatively short luminescent lifetimes and low quantum yields observed for the Eu6L6 structure indicative of non‐radiative decay processes. Synthesis of the Gd6L6 analogue allows three distinct Gd⋯Gd distance measurements to be extracted using homo‐RIDME EPR experiments.
Construction of Diversified Penta‐Spiro‐Heterocyclic and Fused‐Heterocyclic Frameworks with Potent Antitumor Activity
Authors: Liu Qi , Liu Xuyi , Li Yazhou , Zhou Yu , Zhao Linxiang , Liang Xuewu , Liu Hong
Published: September 2023

Invited for the cover of this issue are Xuewu Liang, Hong Liu and co‐workers at the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Shenyang Pharmaceutical University. The image depicts how a rhodium‐catalyzed methodology leads to novel penta‐spiro/fused‐heterocyclic frameworks with potent antitumor activity through C−H activation/[4+1] and [4+2] annulation cascades. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem. 202301553.
Harnessing the Peterson Reaction for the Stereospecific Synthesis of Z‐Vinyl Ethers
Authors: Tromans Jay , Zhang Bian , Golding Bernard T.
Published: September 2023

Vinyl ethers are valuable synthetic intermediates which are also found as natural products, including aflatoxins, rifamycins and plasmalogens. The latter are ubiquitous phospholipids in human cells and contain a vinyl ether moiety with specifically Z configuration. Although numerous methods are available for synthesis of vinyl ethers, there is a lack of methods for obtaining Z isomers of molecules of the type RCH=CHOR’ that are applicable to plasmalogens. A variant of the Peterson reaction is described that generates such molecules with very high stereoselectivity (Z/E ratio: 99 : 1). (R,R)/(S,S)‐1‐alkoxy‐2‐hydroxyalkylsilanes were synthesized from 1‐trimethylsilylalkynes by a sequence of reduction with di‐isobutylaluminium hydride to a (Z)‐1‐trimethylsilylalkene, epoxidation of the alkene to a 2‐trimethylsilyl‐3‐substituted epoxide and regioselective, boron‐trifluoride catalyzed ring‐opening of the epoxide by reaction with an alcohol. Conversion of the (R,R)/(S,S)‐1‐alkoxy‐2‐hydroxyalkylsilanes to vinyl ethers (RCH=CHOR’) was achieved under basic conditions as in a standard Peterson reaction. However, near exclusive formation of a Z vinyl ether was only achieved when the reaction was performed using potassium hydride in the non‐polar solvent α,α,α‐trifluorotoluene, more polar solvents giving increasing amounts of the E isomer. The sequence described embraces a variety of substituents and precursors, proceeds in overall high yield and is readily scalable.
Targeting EPHA2 with Kinase Inhibitors in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Tröster Alix , Jores Nathalie , Mineev Konstantin S. , Sreeramulu Sridhar , DiPrima Michael , Tosato Giovanna , Schwalbe Harald
Published: September 2023

The ephrin type‐A 2 receptor tyrosine kinase (EPHA2) is involved in the development and progression of various cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). There is also evidence that EPHA2 plays a key role in the development of resistance to the endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody Cetuximab used clinically in CRC. Despite the promising pharmacological potential of EPHA2, only a handful of specific inhibitors are currently available. In this concept paper, general strategies for EPHA2 inhibition with molecules of low molecular weight (small molecules) are described. Furthermore, available examples of inhibiting EPHA2 in CRC using small molecules are summarized, highlighting the potential of this approach.
Mesoporous Silica (MCM‐41) Containing Dispersed Palladium Nanoparticles as Catalyst for Dehydrogenation, Methanolysis, and Reduction Reactions
Authors: Ul Huda Noor , Ul‐Hamid Anwar , Khan Muhammad Abdullah , Shahida Shabnam , Zaheer Muhammad
Published: September 2023

Generating highly dispersed metal NPs of the desired size on surfaces such as porous silica is challenging due to wettability issues. Here, we report highly active and well‐dispersed Pd incorporated mesoporous MCM‐41 (Pd@MCM) using a facile impregnation via a molecular approach based on hydrogen bonding interaction of a palladium β‐diketone complex with surface silanol groups of mesoporous silica. Controlled thermal treatment of so obtained materials in air, argon, and hydrogen provided the catalysts characterized by electron microscopy, nitrogen physisorption, X‐ray diffraction and spectroscopy. Gratifyingly, our catalyst provided the lowest ever activation energy (14.3 kJ/mol) reported in literature for dehydrogenation of NaBH4. Moreover, the rate constant (7×10−3 s−1) for the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol outperformed the activity of commercial Pd/C (4×10−3 s−1) and Pd/Al2O3 (5×10−3 s−1) catalysts.
Clinician Response to Pharmacogenetic Clinical Decision Support Alerts
Authors: Lemke Lauren K. , Cicali Emily J. , Williams Roy , Nguyen Khoa A. , Cavallari Larisa H. , Wiisanen Kristin
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study was to characterize clinician response following standardization of pharmacogenetic (PGx) clinical decision support alerts at University of Florida (UF) Health. A retrospective analysis of all PGx alerts that fired at a tertiary academic medical center from August 2020 through May 2022 was performed. Alert acceptance rate was calculated and compared across six gene–drug pairs, patient care setting, and clinician specialty. The disposition of the triggering medication was compared with the alert response and evaluated for congruence. There were a total of 818 alerts included for analysis of alert response, 557 alerts included in acceptance rate calculations, and 392 alerts with sufficient information to assess clinical response. The overall acceptance rate was 63%. The alert response and clinical response were congruent for 47% of alerts. Alert response was influenced by the triggering gene–drug pair, clinician specialty, patient care setting, and specialty of the provider who initially ordered the PGx test. Clinical response was mostly incongruent with alert response. Alert acceptance is influenced by the triggering gene–drug pair, clinician specialty, and care setting. Alert response is not a reliable surrogate marker for clinical action. Any future research into the impact of clinical decision support (CDS) alerts should focus on clinical response rather than alert response. Given the reliance on CDS alerts to enhance uptake of PGx, it is worthwhile to further investigate their impact on prescribing and patient outcomes.
The relationship between green supply chain and green innovation based on the push of green strategic alliances
Authors: Bai Xuesong , Coelho Arnaldo , Lopes Cancela Beatriz
Published: September 2023

This article aims to examine the influence of green strategic alliances (GSA) on both green radical and incremental innovation through the effects of green supply chain integration (GSCI). A theoretical model was proposed and evaluated using structural equation modeling. A 37‐item questionnaire was created to assess the proposed relationships, and a total of 303 valid responses were obtained from a sample of industrial and service companies in China. The findings indicate that GSA have a positive impact on GSCI, and thus, on both green radical and green incremental innovation. This study also explores the role of strategic alliances in corporate green innovation, and how members of alliances can benefit from superior green innovation through shared value creation. The authors innovatively adopt the frameworks of value creation and stakeholder theory to explain how supply chain (knowledge, technology, and processes) can aid firms in achieving green radical and incremental innovation.
Sustainable development in brand loyalty: Exploring the dynamics of corporate social responsibility, customer attitudes, and emotional contagion
Authors: Yuan Jingbo , Shahzad Muhammad Faisal , Waheed Abdul , Wang Wenyue
Published: September 2023

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) significantly bolsters brand loyalty by demonstrating a company's commitment to societal and environmental well‐being. This article investigates the link between brand loyalty based on consumer perception and CSR. The study looks at the effects of unfavorable perceptions of CSR initiatives and how emotional contagion affects brand loyalty. The results emphasize the importance of CSR and how it influences consumer attitudes toward brands. To this end, this study particularly targeted young consumers for adopting a sample of this study. The findings reveal that brand disloyalty can be caused by negative attitudes toward a company's CSR initiatives, and brand perception can amplify this effect. The study emphasizes how crucial it for businesses is to demonstrate dedication to sustainability and environmental stewardship to sustainable environmentally conscious clients. However, the geographical sampling size and sampling methods are the research's limitations, which should be considered by the researchers in the future for additional validation and contribution.
Optimizing power system stability: An artificial neural network approach for controlling variable frequency transformer
Authors: Sheikh Aabid Hussain , Bakhsh Farhad Ilahi
Published: September 2023

Modern power systems face challenges with stability, especially due to interconnections through weak tie‐lines, which can lead to power oscillations. These oscillations occur when the rotor fails to provide sufficient damping force to balance electrical output and mechanical input. Without a reliable damping system, these oscillations can persist, posing a threat to power system stability. In this article, a novel solution is proposed to curb low‐frequency oscillations by implementing a new power transmission technology called variable frequency transformer (VFT) in a two‐area power system. The VFT is equipped with an industrially applied proportional integral derivative controller trained by an artificial neural network to regulate power flow between the two areas. Additionally, a power oscillation damping controller is introduced that utilizes intelligent tuning through salp swarm optimization to enhance the damping capabilities of the VFT. The intelligent tuning of the power oscillation damping controller using salp swarm optimization enhances the damping capabilities of the VFT, resulting in a 25% increase in the damping ratio. To evaluate the performance of the VFT‐based system, it has been compared with a well‐established high voltage direct current (HVDC) system through a three‐phase fault analysis and reactive power requirement. Quantitatively, the proposed VFT system achieves a significant improvement in damping power oscillations, reducing their amplitudes by 30% compared to the HVDC system. Furthermore, the system is linearized under specific operating conditions, and eigenvalue analysis is conducted to assess power system stability for both VFT and HVDC cases. Through time‐domain simulations and eigenvalue analysis, our findings demonstrate that the VFT system surpasses the HVDC system in various operational and control aspects, highlighting its positive impact on power system stability.
Sharing space between native and invasive small mammals: Study of commensal communities in Senegal
Authors: Granjon Laurent , Artige Emanuelle , Bâ Khalilou , Brouat Carine , Dalecky Ambroise , Diagne Christophe , Diallo Mamoudou , Fossati‐Gaschignard Odile , Gauthier Philippe , Kane Mamadou , Husse Laëtitia , Niang Youssoupha , Piry Sylvain , Sarr Nathalie , Sow Aliou , Duplantier Jean‐Marc
Published: September 2023

Urbanization processes are taking place at a very high rate, especially in Africa. At the same time, a number of small mammal species, be they native or invasive, take advantage of human‐induced habitat modifications. They represent commensal communities of organisms that cause a number of inconveniences to humans, including potential reservoirs of zoonotic diseases. We studied via live trapping and habitat characterization such commensal small mammal communities in small villages to large cities of Senegal, to try to understand how the species share this particular space. Seven major species were recorded, with exotic invasive house mice (Mus musculus) and black rats (Rattus rattus) dominating in numbers. The shrew Crocidura olivieri appeared as the main and more widespread native species, while native rodent species (Mastomys natalensis, M. erythroleucus, Arvicanthis niloticus and Praomys daltoni) were less abundant and/or more localized. Habitat preferences, compared between species in terms of room types and characteristics, showed differences among house mice, black rats and M. natalensis especially. Niche (habitat component) breadth and overlap were measured. Among invasive species, the house mouse showed a larger niche breadth than the black rat, and overall, all species displayed high overlap values. Co‐occurrence patterns were studied at the global and local scales. The latter show cases of aggregation (between the black rat and native species, for instance) and of segregation (as between the house mouse and the black rat in Tambacounda, or between the black rat and M. natalensis in Kédougou). While updating information on commensal small mammal distribution in Senegal, a country submitted to a dynamic process of invasion by the black rat and the house mouse, we bring original information on how species occupy and share the commensal space, and make predictions on the evolution of these communities in a period of ever‐accelerating global changes.
Nervous system‐related tropism of SARS‐CoV‐2 and autoimmunity in COVID‐19 infection
Authors: Weissert Robert
Published: September 2023

The effects of SARS‐CoV‐2 in COVID‐19 on the nervous system are incompletely understood. SARS‐CoV‐2 can infect endothelial cells, neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes with consequences for the host. There are indications that infection of these CNS‐resident cells may result in long‐term effects, including emergence of neurodegenerative diseases. Indirect effects of infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 relate to the induction of autoimmune disease involving molecular mimicry or/and bystander activation of T‐ and B cells and emergence of autoantibodies against various self‐antigens. Data obtained in preclinical models of coronavirus‐induced disease gives important clues for the understanding of nervous system‐related assault of SARS‐CoV‐2. The pathophysiology of long‐COVID syndrome and post‐COVID syndrome in which autoimmunity and immune dysregulation might be the driving forces are still incompletely understood. A better understanding of nervous‐system‐related immunity in COVID‐19 might support the development of therapeutic approaches. In this review, the current understanding of SARS‐CoV‐2 tropism for the nervous system, the associated immune responses, and diseases are summarized. The data indicates that there is viral tropism of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the nervous system resulting in various disease conditions. Prevention of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection by means of vaccination is currently the best strategy for the prevention of subsequent tissue damage involving the nervous system.
SREM: Smart renewable energy management scheme with distributed learning and EV network
Authors: Huang Huakun , Xue Sihui , Zhao Lingjun , Dai Dingrong , Wang Weijia , Wu Huijun , Cao Zhou
Published: September 2023

In this article, aiming to develop the Green Internet of Vehicles (G‐IoV), we propose a smart energy management system that leverages the intelligence edge clients and the distributed electric vehicles (EVs). The system proposed in this article incorporates the benefits of both software, specifically in terms of the user interface, and hardware, specifically in terms of edge clients. In particular, this system integrates intelligence edge clients with an EV CAN bus network as an electronic control unit. By leveraging the intelligent edge clients recommendation system, EVs can make informed decisions on battery charging or discharging actions. As a result, a virtual‐power‐plant (VPP) can treat the EVs network as a vast intelligent energy storage facility, efficiently managing the battery energy of all distributed EVs connected to the platform and fully utilizing the electricity generated from renewable energy sources. We experimentally verify that using federal learning to train models in EV networks versus training models directly in EVs, using federal learning in EV networks yields better experimental results.
Gamma‐sterilized cow‐dung for confiscation of triphenylmethane dyes from water bodies
Authors: Vithalkar Sarika , Jugade Ravin , Bambal Apurva , Pakade Yogesh , Pandey Sadanand
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this work was to adsorb the triphenylmethane dyes crystal violet (CV), brilliant green (BG), and malachite green (MG) from an aqueous solution using cowdung (CD) that has been gamma‐sterilized. FTIR, SEM, EDX, and TGA‐DTA advanced techniques were used to characterize CD. The material had a pHPZC of 6, and it was shown that the maximal monolayer adsorption capacities for CV (at pH 4.83), BG (at pH 4.53), and MG (at pH 3.75) were, respectively, 179.39, 172.28, and 111.62 mg g−1. The equilibrium results were completely described by the pseudo‐second order model and Langmuir isotherm. Using the van't Hoff and Arrhenius equations, thermodynamic parameters like ΔG, ΔS, and ΔH were computed. The exothermic nature of the process change is indicated by the fact that the adsorption of CV and BG increased with lowering temperature whereas the adsorption of MG increased with increasing temperature, as the process was endothermic. Curiously, the values of the adsorption capacity acquired using the column adsorption approach is very similar to those obtained using batch adsorption trials illustrating the CD's capacity for dyes adsorption.