bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MALIGNANT “RITON” TUMOR WITH METASTATIC HEMANGIOPERICYTOMA IN A PATIENT ASSOCIATED WITH VON RECKLINGHAUSEN'S DISEASE
Authors: Konishi Noboru , Hiasa Yoshio , Shimoyama Taketo , Seki Asao , Mazima Motoko
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of malignant schwannoma in a 31‐year‐old female associated with von Recklinghausen's disease with unusual elements is reported. The patient who was diagnosed as von Recklinghausen's disease from a biopsy specimen of a subcutaneous tumor in her shoulder and multiple café au lait spots in her chest and back, complained of gradual increase in pain in her lower abdomen. A large mass measuring about 18 cm in diameter was located in her left retroperitoneum. Malignant schwannoma associated with von Recklinghausen's disease was indicated by the cellularity of the tumor, intersecting bundles of spindle cells, alternating cellular and less cellular myxoid areas in the peripheral portion of the tumor, whereas a large part of the tumor had a hemangiopericytoma‐like arrangement with gaping blood vessels. In addition, however, foci of rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation and of angiosarcomatous components were found in some areas of this tumor. Moreover, intravascular schwannian growth, which was presumably related to von Recklinghausen's disease, was observed in the heart and thyroid. This tumor should be classified as a malignant triton tumor because of the presence of rhabdomyoblasts.
HYPOXIC‐ISCHEMIC BRAIN LESIONS FOUND IN ASPHYXIATING NEONATES
Authors: Nakamura Yasuhiro , Nakashima Teruyuki , Fukuda Seiichi , Nakashima Hirobumi , Hashimoto Takeo
Published: December 2008

Early hypoxic‐ischemic brain lesions were examined regarding 26 autopsy cases which had severe asphyxia at birth and died within the first week. All cases were divided into three groups according to the birth weight: group A of less than 1,000 grams, group B of 1,001–2,500 grams, and group C of more than 2,501 grams. Neocortical and deep gray matter revealed pyknotic and karyorrhectic neuronal changes; however, in group A, these changes tended to be obscure. The hippocampus was the predictive site of the neuronal changes such as pyknotic neurons in Sommer's sector and karyorrhectic neurons in subiculum. In 12 cases, pontosubicular‐type necrosis was found. White matter lesions were relatively characteristic and there was an early appearance of pathological astrocytes such as gemistocytic, Alzheimer‐type 2 and stellate astrocytes, periventricular leukomalacia with or without hemorrhage. The brain stem and cerebellar lesions were also found occasionally revealing neuronal or glial changes. We applied the immunoperoxidase method using antisera to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S‐100 protein for determination of pathological astrocytes. GFAP was a useful marker for pathological astrocytes in the subpial region and in the white matter. S‐100 protein was present in Bergmann's glia and satellite glia as well as pathological astrocytes.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDIES OF MACROPHAGES IN EARLY HUMAN YOLK SACS
Authors: Enzan Hideaki
Published: December 2008

Distribution and fine structure of macrophages were studied in 10 human embryos in the 6th and 7th week of gestation, 5.5 to 12 mm in crown‐rump length. The yolk sac macrophages were found in the extravascular mesenchymal tissues and intravascular spaces long before the first appearance of bone marrow and lymphatic tissues in the embryos. In addition to the macrophages, the fibroblastic cells and the cells of erythropoietic series were also present in the extravascular space. The macrophages showed a variety of cellular structures suggesting transition from immature cell type with no heterophagolysosomes to mature cell type in phagocytosis. The mature macrophages avidly phagocytized the primitive erythroblasts and occasionally platelets. They were positively stained for lysosomal enzymes and were characterized by numerous pleomorphic heterophagolysosomes which exhibited various stages of digestion of phagocytized blood cells. The origin of intravascular macrophages may be in either migrated extravascular macrophages or phagocytic endothelial cells. The phagocytosis and degradation of erythroblasts appear to be one of the main functions of yolk sac macrophages. The presence of the macrophages in mitosis indicates their proliferation in situ.
CORNELIA DE LANGE SYNDROME WITH INTRACRANIAL GERMINOMA
Authors: Sato Akito , Kajita Akira , Sugita Katsuo , Izumi Tatsuro , Fukuyama Yukio , Funata Nobuaki , Okeda Riki
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of Cornelia de Lange syndrome with intracranial germinoma is reported. Clinically, the patient was diagnosed as having this syndrome at one year of age, she was found to be suffering from diabetes insipidus at 18 years of age and soon she had an accidental death.

The autopsy disclosed that the tumor grew from the hypothalamus to the optic nerve and the posterior lobe of the hypophysis. Microscopically, this tumor was a germinoma with a “two cell pattern”. On the other hand, examination by peroxidase‐antiperoxidase complex (PAP) method of the anterior lobe of the hypophysis demonstrated that thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) producing cells had decreased.
PROSTATIC CANCER PRESENTING AS METASTATIC ADENOCARCINOMA OF SPHENOID SINUS
Authors: Matsumoto Izuru , Furusato Masakuni , Inomata Izuru , Wada Tetsuro , Aizawa Shigeo
Published: December 2008

Prostatic cancer is commonly manifested by obstructive uropathy, regional lymphatic metastases, and hematogenous metastases to the axial skeleton. It is relatively rare that Initial signs begin with the involvement of other sites. Intracranial metastases especially are seldom found and may be unfamiliar to not only pathologists but also to physicians. In this article, we present a case where the metastasis was first manifest as a sphenoid sinus tumor prior to the demonstration of the primary site and the prostate was confirmed to be primary by biopsy specimen with immunoperoxidase method. In addition to discussing the route of the tumor spread, we deal with a prostatic specific antigen efficient for identifying the primary site.
SUPERFICIAL LEIOMYOMAS
Authors: Yokoyama Ryohei , Hashimoto Hiroshi , Daimaeu Yutaka , Enjoji Munetomo
Published: December 2008

The clinicopathologic findings of 34 cases of cutaneous and subcutaneous leiomyomas were described. These were composed of 12 cases of piloleiomyoma and 22 of genital leiomyoma (scrotum, nipple and areola, vulva, and perianal region). Thirteen of 22 genital leiomyomas occurred in the vulva. Four cases of leiomyoma of pilar arrector origin had multiple lesions. The tumor occurred predominantly in adult females with an approximate sex ratio of 1: 3 (8 males and 26 females). The patients with such leiomyomas ranged in age from 26 to 77 with an average of 46.8 years. The histologic feature in each case was essentially the same, and composed of interlacing bundles of smooth muscle cells, although vulvar leiomyomas frequently showed varying degrees of hyalinization and were composed of more slender tumor cells. All 12 cases submitted for immunohistochemistry showed a strongly positive staining both for actin and for desmin. In our view, cutaneous and subcutaneous leiomyomas, excluding angioleiomyomas, are undoubtedly rare in occurrence.
FIBER TYPE DIFFERENTIATION AND MYOSIN EXPRESSION IN REGENERATING RAT MUSCLES
Authors: Abe Jun‐ichi , Fujii Yoshiaki , Kuwamura Yasuko , Hizawa Kazuo
Published: December 2008

The relation between fiber type differentiation and the expression of slow and fast myosin isoforms was examined in regenerating rat muscles after injection of a myotoxic agent, bupivacaine. The histochemical myosin ATPase reaction for fiber typing demonstrated that immature type 2C fibers differentiated into type 1, 2A and 2B fibers. Slow and fast myosin isoforms were demonstrated immunohistochemically using antibodies raised against myosins extracted from the slow‐twitch soleus and fast‐twitch tensor fasciae latae muscles of mature guinea pigs (anti‐SOL, anti‐TFL). The results showed that immature type 2C fibers destined to differentiate into type 1 fibers first reacted with anti‐TFL only, and later reacted with both anti‐TFL and anti‐SOL, whereas those destined to differentiate into type 2A and 2B fibers reacted with anti‐TFL only throughout regeneration. The significance of the myosin isoforms that react with anti‐TFL in immature type 2C fibers was discussed. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37: 1537‐1547, 1987.
ACUTE PANCREATITIS WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Iwasaki Takuya , Tashiro Atsushi , Satodate Ryoichi , Sata Tetsutaro , Kurata Takeshi
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of necrotizing pancreatitis with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is reported. A 50‐year‐old housewife was admitted because of malignant choroid plexus papilloma of the fourth ventricle. Serum amylase transiently elevated during irradiation and chemotherapy for brain tumor, one month before death. The patient died of a respiratory failure. At autopsy focal necrosis was mainly observed in the peripancreatic adipose tissue and occasionally in the parenchyma of the tail. Fibrosis and inflammatory infiltration was found around the necrosis and interstitium. Cytomegalic cells with intranuclear inclusions and/or cytoplasmic granules were observed frequently in the acini near the necrosis. Immunohistological study revealed CMV antigen in the cytomegalic cells. Herpesvirus‐type particles were observed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cytomegalic cells. CMV infection of the acini are thought to cause necrotic changes in the pancreas. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37: 1661‐ 1668, 1987.
MULTIPLE CARCINOID TUMOR COMBINED WITH MUCOSAL CARCINOMA IN THE STOMACH
Authors: Yoshino Tadashi , Ohtsuki Yuji , Shimada Yoshiaki , Takahashi Kiyoshi , Sonobe Hiroshi , Hayashi Kazuhiko , Nakamura Shinichi , Motoi Makoto , Akagi Tadaatsu
Published: December 2008

A case of gastric multipe carcinoid tumor combined with mucosal carcinoma in a 63‐year‐old female is reported. The carcinoid tumors, larger than 0.5 mm in diameter, and endocrine cell micronests, smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter, were mostly located in areas of chronic atrophic gastritis. Their distribution was coincident with that of multiple carcinoid tumor in type A gastritis. The majority of the tumor cells were positive for human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and Leu 7 by immunohistochemistry and contained various numbers of intracytoplasmic secretory granules as revealed by electron microscopy. Two mucosal carcinoma foci did not show endocrine characteristics. These carcinoid tumors were thought to have originated in HCG‐producing argyrophil cells which had been stimulated by hypergastrinemia accompanying chronic atrophic gastritis. The mucosal carcinomas were regarded as incidental.
APPENDICEAL ENDOMETRIOSIS IN PREGNANCY
Authors: Nakatani Yukio , Hara Masamichi , Misugi Kazuaki , Korehisa Hiromi
Published: December 2008

A 25‐year old woman at the 26th week of gestation underwent surgery for possible acute appendicitis. Pathological examination of the appendix showed extensive decidual change through the entire wall with perforation and surrounding acute inflammatory cell infiltration. To our knowledge, the present report is the second case of appendiceal endometriosis with this rare complication in the literature. The previously reported cases of appendiceal endometriosis which manifested clinically during pregnancy are briefly reviewed. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37: 1685.1690. 1987.
EARLY CHANGES IN CEREBRAL ANEURYSMS IN THE INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY/POSTERIOR COMMUNICATING ARTERY JUNCTION
Authors: Kayembe Kalula N.T. , Kataoka Hideo , Hazama Fumitada
Published: December 2008

In order to obtain information about preaneurysmal changes, the junction of the internal carotid artery/posterior communicating artery (ICA/PComA) in the circles of Willis in subjects with aneurysms at sites other than the junction, and in control subjects without aneurysms, were studied by light microscopy.

Small evaginations and thinnings of the media with and without dilatation were observed at the apical areas of the forks with a significantly higher incidence in the aneurysm series than in the control, suggesting some predisposing factor in subjects with aneurysms. As well as funnel‐shaped dilatations previously described as the only type of ICA/PComA preaneurysmal change, other more localized types were observed. All the small evaginations and about half of the thinnings and dilatations were observed at the apex in association with a medial gap, but the other half occured at some distance from the apex. The thinned arterial wall showed degenerative changes of the elastic lamina and media. Intimal pads were observed at the apex, the ICA/PComA lateral angle and the ICA stem/branch curve. Their combination with preaneurysmal changes was more frequent in the aneurysm series in comparison with the control.

Degenerative changes of the elastic lamina and media caused by hemodynamic stress due to branching structures including intimal pads are thus presumed to be the initial lesions existing prior to aneurysm formation.
SPONTANEOUS HEPATITIS IN LONG‐EVANS RATS: A Potential Animal Model for Fulminant Hepatitis in Man
Authors: Takeichi Noritoshi , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Yoshida Michihiro C. , Sasaki Motomichi , Dempo Kimimaro , Mori Michio
Published: December 2008

Spontaneous hepatitis associated with severe jaundice occurred in 90% of an inbred strain of Long‐Evans rats. The rapidly progressive syndrome was characterized by abrupt onset, hyperbilirubinemia and increased serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase, associated with massive and multifocal necrosis of the liver. This strain should provide a useful animal model for analysis of the pathogenesis of fulminant hepatitis in humans. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1369–1375, 1988.
HIGH‐GRADE SURFACE OSTEOSARCOMA OF THE LEFT ILIUM A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Yamaguchi Hideo , Nojima Takayuki , Yagi Tomonori , Masuda Takeshi , Sasaki Tetsuto
Published: December 2008

A rare case of high‐grade surface osteosarcoma of the left ilum is reported. Trephine biopsy performed on a 31‐year‐old woman suffering from a huge tumor of the left buttock revealed high‐grade osteosarcoma, and hemipel‐vectomy was undertaken. The surgical specimen showed that the tumor was present on the surface of the left ilium. Ten months after the operation, the patient died of brain metastasis. From these results, we considered this case to be one of high‐grade surface osteosarcoma. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 235 ‐240, 1988.
THE EFFECTS OF RANITIDINE and CYSTEAMINE ON INTESTINAL METAPLASIA INDUCED BY X‐IRRADIATION IN RATS
Authors: Watanabe Hiromitsu , Kamikawa Masumi , Nakagawa Yoshiki , Takahashi Tadateru , Ito Akihiro
Published: December 2008

The influence of ranitidine and cysteamlne on intestinal metaplasia was examined in 7‐month‐old male Crj: CD (SD) rats. At the age of 5 weeks, the animals were treated with 10 Gy doses of X‐rays at 3‐day intervals up to a total of 20 Gy in the gastric region, and 6 months after irradiation, the rats received either ranitidine (0.02% in diet) or cysteamine (0.1% in drinking water) for 2 months. The incidence and number of intestinal metaplasia with alkaline phosphatase‐positive foci in rats given X‐rays and cysteamlne (group 4) were significantly low compared with those in rats given X‐rays and ranitidine (group 3) (p<0.01). In both the pyloric and the fundic gland mucosae, the average numbers of type C metaplasia (intestinal crypts with Paneth cells) and total numbers of metaplastic foci in rats of group 3 were much higher than those in group 4 (P<0.05). The present results showed that the occurrence of intestinal metaplasia was significantly increased after administration of ranitidine and decreased by cysteamine. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38 : 1285‐1296, 1988.
CAPILLARY GROWTH FROM REVERSED RAT AORTIC SEGMENTS CULTURED IN COLLAGEN GEL
Authors: Mori Masaharu , Sadahira Yoshito , Kawasaki Seiji , Hayashi Toshiko , Notohara Kenji , Awai Michiyasu
Published: December 2008

The process of angiogenesis from aortic segments turned inside out and embedded in collagen gel was studied. Two to three days after inoculation, fibroblastic cells migrated from both ends of the segments. Later, capillary sprouts also appeared from both ends of the segments but not from the outer surface, even though there was a covering of endothelial cells. If the outer surface was injured, capillaries sometimes appeared at the damaged site. This may suggest that endothelial cells have more affinity for basement membrane than collagen gel and that they migrate only from an injured site. Immuno‐histochemical staining demonstrated factor VHI‐related antigen in the capillary structures but not in the fibroblastic cells. Electron microscopically, capillary lumina were lined with several endothelial cells, and fibroblastic cells had the characteristics of smooth muscle cells. Since these fibroblastic cells have been known to appear under angiogenetic conditions in vivo, they may play an important role in angiogenesis, and the present culture technique may be a useful model for studying this process. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1503∼1512, 1988.
HISTOCHEMICAL COMPARISON OF SPECIFICITY OF THREE BOWEL CARCINOMA‐REACTIVE LECTINS, GRIFFONIA SIMPLICIFOLIA AGGLUTININ‐II, PEANUT AGGLUTININ and ULEX EUROPAEUS AGGLUTININ‐I
Authors: Ota Hiroyoshi , Nakayama Jun , Katsuyama Tsutomu , Kanai Masamitsu
Published: December 2008

A comparison of the histochemical affinities of three lectins reputedly specific to human large bowel carcinoma, namely Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin‐II (GSA‐II), peanut agglutinin (PNA) and Ulex europaeus agglutinin‐I (UEA‐I), was done using 28 specimens in which normal mucosa, adenoma and carcinoma tissue were present and in contact with each other. In the normal mucosa, GSA‐II and PNA revealed only weak affinity to the Golgi region of epithelial cells, whereas UEA‐I showed binding to the apical surface of columnar cells and goblet cell mucins, especially in the right colon. Adenoma was characterized by relatively intense reactivity of the Golgi regions of epithelial cells for GSA‐II and PNA as well as reactivity of the apical surface of the columnar cells for UEA‐I. In carcinomas the apical surface of columnar cell‐type tumor cells was stained most intensely with UEA‐I, and then in descending order with GSA‐II and PNA. GSA‐II‐ and PNA‐reactive carcinoma cells occurred more frequently in invasive carcinoma than in intramucosal carcinoma. Goblet cell‐type tumor cells retained the properties of their normal counterparts. Staining with these lectins, especially GSA‐II‐horseradish peroxidase, might be helpful in the identification of carcinoma cells and for analysis of carcinoma‐associated antigens.
TWO CASES OF ACQUIRED TOXOPLASMIC LYMPHADENITIS. Light and Electron Microscopic and Immunohistochemical Studies
Authors: Ito Masafumi , Hara Kazuo , Saga Shinsuke , Asai Junpei , Iijima Soichi
Published: December 2008

We report two cases of acquired toxoplasmic lymphadenitis, one with toxoplasmic cysts and the organisms of Toxoplasma gondii and the other with the organisms only. These cysts and organisms were observed in paraffin‐embedded sections, touch smears and ultrathin sections for electron microscopy. Touch smears were especially valuable for the quick and accurate diagnosis of toxoplasmic lymphadenitis. We also studied immature sinus histiocytosis (ISH) in these cases. The predominant cells of ISH were confirmed to be B lymphocytes immunohistochemically, the majority being positive for polyclonal surface IgM. ISH was observed in the perifollicular and paracortical areas surrounding post‐capillary venules (PCV), whereas the sinuses were only partially involved.
BENIGN CLEAR CELL TUMOR OF THE LUNG A Histopathologic Study
Authors: Nakanishi Kuniaki , Kawai Toshiaki , Suzuki Minora
Published: December 2008

Benign clear cell tumor of the lung is extremely rare, and its histogenesis is still in dispute. We experienced a case of this neoplasm in the lung of a 28‐year‐old man, and carried out a study using both light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Histologically, the tumor was composed of sheets of large round or polygonal cells with abundant clear cytoplasm surrounded by thin‐walled blood vessels. Electron microscopy showed granules (180 nm in diameter) in the cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, S‐100 protein‐positive tumor cells were seen, but other neural markers and the markers for epithelial, muscular, vascular, histiocytic and endocrine cell origins were negative. The histogenesis of this pulmonary neoplasm could not be definitively determined, but its neural cell origin remains a possibility.
HEPATIC SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA WITH HYPERCALCEMIA IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS
Authors: Arase Yasuji , Endo Yuzo , Hara Mitsuru , Kumada Hiromitsu , Ikeda Kenji , Yoshiba Akira
Published: December 2008

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver is exceedingly rare and has previously been reported in association with hepatic teratoma, hepatic cyst or hepatolithiasis. This paper describes an autopsy case of squamous cell carcinoma which developed with hypercalcemia in a cirrhotic liver. This cancer was characterized histologically, immunohistologically and ultrastructurally, and was found to exhibit immunofluorescence positivity for anti‐epidermal keratin monoclonal antibody, together with the presence of tonofllaments scattered sparsely in the cytoplasm of the cancer cells.
INTRANUCLEAR INCLUSION BODIES IN LIVER OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B WITH DELTA INFECTION
Authors: Yamada Gotaro , Tsuji Takao
Published: December 2008

Seventy‐two patients with HBsAg‐positive chronic hepatitis were studied for serum antibody to delta antigen (antl‐HD) by radioimmunoassay. Delta antigen (HDAg) in liver of the 72 patients was also studied immunohisto‐chemically using peroxidase‐labeled anti‐HD. In one of the 72 patients, high titers of anti‐HD and intrahepatic HDAg were detected. In this patient, HDAg was localized mainly in nuclei and occasionally in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. By immunoelectron microscopy, HDAg was observed diffusely In some he‐patocytic nuclei, but their nucleoli, perichromatln and heterochromatin were devoid of HDAg. Occasionally, inclusion body‐like ring‐shaped or irregularly shaped aggregates of HDAg were observed in nuclei. At higher magnification, these aggregates consisted of an HDAg‐positive amorphous substance and microtubular structures. In their vicinity, scattered HDAg‐positive granules were also present. By conventional electron microscopy, similar inclusion bodies composed of a clustered amorphous substance and microtubular structures 10‐20 nm in diameter, together with 20‐30 nm irregular granules were observed in hepatocyte nuclei, but no core of Dane particles were found. These novel intranuclear structures were not observed in other patients with chronic hepatitis B. It is suggested that they may represent the characteristic ultra‐structure associated with delta infection.
GASTRIC PLASMACYTOMA WITH ROD‐SHAPED INTRACYTOPLASMIC INCLUSIONS
Authors: Matsumoto Koji , Shikuwa Saburo , Kawase Yoshihisa , Ooi Junji , Honda Minora , Ito Masahiro , Sekine Ichiro , Kunisaki Tadaomi , Ifuku Masumi
Published: December 2008

A 78‐year‐old man with primary gastric plasmacytoma showing massive rod‐shaped intracytoplasmic inclusions is presented. The patient was initially diagnosed as having a benign gastric ulcer and underwent partial gastrectomy. Around the ulcer of the resected stomach specimen, diffuse proliferation of plasma cells with massive rod‐shaped intracytoplasmic inclusions was noticed by light microscopy. Immunohistochemically, these cells were found to contain IgM‐kappa‐type immunoglobulin upon peroxidaseantlperoxidase (PAP) staining. Electron microscopy showed that the intracytoplasmic inclusions were localized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and had a lattice structure with a periodicity of about 120 Å.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF MALIGNANT RHABDOID TUMOR ARISING FROM SOFT PARTS IN THE LEFT INGUINAL REGION
Authors: Uchida Hitoshi , Yokoyama Shigeo , Nakayama Iwao , Zeze Kenji
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of malignant rhabdoid tumor arising from soft parts in the left inguinal region of a 31‐year‐old Japanese male is reported. The tumor grew rapidly and appeared as a large mass measuring 21.5 × 16.5 cm located in the subcutaneous tissues of the lower abdominal wall. Histologically the tumor was composed of small round cells resembling rhabdomyoblasts, which showed a diffuse or alveolar arrangement. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells was eosinophilic and frequently contained round inclusion bodies, each consisting of an aggregation of globular filaments by electron microscopy. Immunohistochemistry showed the tumor cells to be positive for vimentin and keratin in the cytoplasm, but negative for actin, myoglobin and myosin. At autopsy, extensive metastatic or invasive tumors were observed mainly in the retroperitoneum and pelvic organs. The patient showed hypercalcemia which disappeared for only short periods just after surgery. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1087∼1096, 1988.
HUNTER'S SYNDROME. An Ultrastructural Study of an Autopsy Case
Authors: Oda Hideaki , Sasaki Yoshiro , Nakatani Yukio , Maesaka Hatae , Suwa Seizo
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of a 10‐year, 8‐month‐old boy with Hunter's syndrome Is reported with emphasis on the ultrastructural findings of almost all the organs, except the brain. Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were observed in various organs as follows: nerve cells and glia in the spinal cord, hepatocytes and Kupffer cells in the liver, sinusoidal endothelium of the spleen, proximal tubules, podocytes and epithelium of Bowman's capsule of the kidney, interstitial fibroblast‐like cells among cardiac muscle bundles, cardiac valves and aorta, exocrine and endocrine cells of the pancreas, adrenocortical cells, follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid, Leydig cells of the testis, chondrocytes, fibroblasts and endothelium of capillaries throughout the body. Three types of inclusion bodies were morphologically distinguishable. Type 1: clear vacuole, Type 2: zebra body, Type 3 : clear vacuole with a lipid‐like lamellar structure. The clear vacuole (Type 1) was thought to represent an accumulation of glycosaminoglycans, and the zebra body (Type 2), probably ganglioside. The type 3 inclusion body might be an intermediate and mixed form of the type 1 and type 2 inclusions. Histochemical study also suggested that the type 3 inclusion body contained glycosaminoglycan and a type of lipid. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1175 ∼ 1190, 1988.
A Morphological and Immunohistochemical Study of Lymphoid Germinal Centers in Synovial and Lymph Node Tissues from Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Special Reference to Complement Components and Their Receptors
Authors: Imai Yutaka , Sato Takashi , Yamakawa Mitsunori , Kasajima Takeshi , Suda Akio , Watanabe Yoshihiro
Published: December 2008

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the immune complex (IC) diseases in which lymphoid germinal centers (GCs) are found in the synovial tissue. Simultaneously, patients with RA often show swelling of lymph nodes. The morphology and function of the lymph node GCs in patients with RA is not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in morphology and immunoreactions to complement (C) components, their receptors, and lgM‐rheumatoid factor (RF) between synovial GCs and lymph‐node GCs in RA. Furthermore, the relationship between these immuno‐reactive substances and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in GCs was investigated. The tissues examined were 41 RA synovial specimens, seven RA lymph nodes with massive lymphadenopathy, and 10 non‐RA lymph nodes. The number of synovial GCs was relatively decreased in comparison with lymph‐node GCs in RA, and the diameter of each synovial GC was smaller than that of each lymph‐node GC. The synovial GCs were edematous and less cellular, and moreover, those from RF‐seronegative cases were smaller than those from RF seropositive cases. On the other hand, the lymph‐node GCs in RA were larger, more cellular and hyperplastic, but contained more tingible‐body macro‐phages (TBMs) and neutrophils. In the GCs of both synovial tissues and lymph nodes in RA, early C components (C1q, C4, C3c, C3d), IgM RF, and C3b receptor (C3bR) and C3d receptor (C3dR) were expressed as a lacy network by light microscopy, and were demonstrated on the surfaces of FDCs and lymphocytes, and in the intercellular spaces by electron microscopy. Furthermore, immuno‐staining for dendritic reticulum cells (DRC, DAKO DRC1) was observed in a lacy pattern by light microscopy and on the cell surface of FDCs by electron microscopy. In the GCs of non‐RA lymph nodes, early C components, C3bR, C3dR, and DRC showed a similar reaction pattern, but IgMRF did not. Consequently, no marked difference in immunoreactions in the GCs, except for the immunoreactions of late C components, was found between synovial tissues and lymph nodes in RA. On the basis of these findings, we discuss the possibility of the presence of a RF‐IC.
An Immunohistochemical Study of Cytokeratin and Vimentin in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions
Authors: Uchida Hitoshi , Nakayama Iwao , Noguchi Shiro
Published: December 2008

Intermediate filaments in benign and malignant thyroid lesions were immunohistochemically studied using polyclonal and monoclonal anti‐cytokeratin (CK), and monoclonal anti‐vimentin antibodies. Antigenicity of CK and vimentin was almost completely destroyed during formalin fixation in normal thyroid and all thyroid lesions except for some cases of papillary and squamous cell carcinoma, although the latter showed negative immunostaining with anti‐vimentin antibody. In sections fixed with Carnoy's fixative, most cases of papillary carcinoma showed an intense reaction product for polyclonal anti‐CK, monoclonal anti‐CK‐7, CK‐19 and anti‐vimentin antibodies. The reaction product for anti‐CK antibodies was located mainly in the apical cytoplasm and that for anti‐vimentin antibody in the basal cytoplasm. However antigenicity was still destroyed by the fixative in many specimens of normal thyroid, benign thyroid lesions and follicular carcinoma. In frozen sections, all specimens showed preserved antigenicity for both antigens with an intense reaction product in papillary carcinoma, but this was weaker in normal thyroid, benign thyroid lesions and follicular carcinoma. Therefore, follicular cells under normal and pathological conditions contain intermediate filaments of CK and vimentin in their cytoplasm and co‐expression of the antigens is significantly increased in papillary carcinoma.
Myoid Cells in the Human Thymus and Thymoma Revealed by Three Different mmunohistochemica Markers for Striated Muscle
Authors: Sato Teiko , Tamaoki Norikazu
Published: December 2008

Specimens of human thymus and thymoma obtained from 81 patients including 22 with myasthenia gravis (MG), ranging in age from 10 weeks of gestation to 75 years were examine by the indirect immunoperoxidase technique using three different striated muscle markers: myoglobin, CPK‐mm and β‐enolase. Myoid cells ovoid or elongated in shape were distributed in the medulla and showed positive immunoreactions for myoglobin, CPK‐mm and β‐enolase by light and electron microscopy. The antigens were first detectable immunohistochemically in the fetus at the 10th week of gestation and showed a relative increase in number and varying distribution patterns with age involution in non myasthenic thy muses. In MG cases, the number of myoid cells was smaller than in non‐myasthenic cases, especially in markedly involuted thymuses. Myoid cells were occasionally observed within thymomas in areas showing medullary differentiation. Small numbers of cells showing a positive immunoreaction for β‐enolase but not for myoglobin and CPK‐mm were scattered in the area predominantly composed of epithelial cells. These cells were occasionally positive for keratin and showed desmosome‐like structures but no apparent myofilaments, suggesting that muscle‐like differentiation of epithelial cells might occur in the neoplastic process of thymoma. Acta Pathol. Jpn. 39: 509∼519, 1989.
Clear Cell Chondrosarcoma: A Case Report with Topographic Analysis
Authors: Ding Jian , Hashimoto Hiroshi , Tsuneyoshi Masazumi , Enjoji Munetomo , Masuda Sachio , Ushijima Masahiro
Published: December 2008

A case of clear cell chondrosarcoma located in the right proximal end of the femur is presented. Radiologically, the tumor appeared as a large osteolytic lesion with mottled calcification resembling chondroblastoma. Histologically, the greater portion was made up of tumor cells with abundant clear cytoplasm and usually distinct boundaries, associated with areas of conventional chondrosarcoma. The proportion of the clear cell areas was about 60%, and they were mainly distributed along the tumor periphery. Moreover, myxoid chondrosarcoma‐like areas, a feature not previously mentioned in clear cell chondrosarcoma, were observed, occupying about 10% of the tumor area. Acta Pathol. Jpn. 39: 533∼538, 1989.
Capillary Growth of Rat Aortic Segments Cultured in Collagen Gel without Serum
Authors: Kawasaki Seiji , Mori Masaharu , Awai Michiyasu
Published: December 2008

The process of angiogenesis was studied under serum‐free conditions using rat aortic segments in three‐dimensional collagen gel. In serum‐free and growth factor free conditions, the capillaries formed networks and tube‐like structures, and the endothelial cells produced von Willebrand factor, laminin and type IV collagen, but the number of capillaries was lower and their growth was slower than in medium containing 20% fetal calf serum (FCS). Incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and inhibition of growth by hydroxyurea suggested that capillary growth depended mainly on cell proliferation and not on migration. Capillary growth in PRMI 1640 or DM EM was similar and more efficient than in MEM. Only slight growth was seen in Medium 199 and HAM‐F12. The addition of serum to the medium accelerated capillary growth in proportion to the amount added. In serum‐free conditions, ITS(+) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) promoted capillary growth, but not to a significant extent. There ware no differences in capillary growth among the gel matrices used (type I collagen, type I+ 11 collagen, type I IV collagen, fibrin and plasma clot).
In Situ Localization of Pepsinogens I and II mRNA in Human Gastric Mucosa
Authors: Sano Junjiro , Miki Kazumasa , Ichinose Masao , Kimura Masayoshi , Kurokawa Kiyoshi , Aida Takeo , Ishizaki Masamichi , Asano Goro , Masugi Yozo , Wong Ricky N.S. , Takahashi Kenji
Published: December 2008

Localization of pepsinogens I and II mRNA in the human gastric mucosa was investigated by an in situ hybridization method using digoxigenin labeled cDNA probes. Gastric fundic mucosa from healthy volunteers, which was stained with digoxigenin labeled pepsinogens I and II cDNA probes, showed positive staining in the cytoplasm of both chief cells and mucous neck cells. In contrast, gastric antral mucosa stained with the pepsinogen I cDNA probe showed no positive reaction in the surface mucous cells or pyloric glands. On the other hand, the pyloric glands were stained positively with the pepsinogen II cDNA probe and the staining appeared to be identical to that obtained with the anti pepsinogens I and II monoclonal antibodies using the avidin biotin peroxidase complex technique. These results are consistent with those of previous studies that have employed immunochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 765 771, 1989.
Colchicine‐induced Inhibition of Fat Globule Development in Hepatocytes of Rats Injected with Ethionine
Authors: Nishimura Toshio , Tsuruhara Keizo , Naito Keiko , Hirohara Junko , Morii Sotokichi
Published: December 2008

To examine the effect of colchicine on ethionine induced fatty liver, adult female rats were starved overnight and then injected i.p. with 1 g kg ethionine at 11th hour of fasting; then a half of the rats were also injected i.p. with 2.5 mg kg colchicine twice at 3 and 6 h after the single administration of ethionine. Similarly, fasted control rats were injected i.p. with vehicle alone at the above times. All of the rats were sacrificed after a 20 h fast, and the hepatocytes in periportal areas were observed ultra‐structurally. In addition, total lipids in the liver tissue were extracted and determined biochemically. Although similar significant increases of triglyceride were observed in the liver tissue of all ethionine‐injected rats, the hapatocytes in the group treated with both chemicals had fewer cytoplasmic fat globules (CFG) than those in the group treated with ethionine only. On the other hand, the diameters of markedly increased membrane‐bound lipid particles (MLP) in the double treated group were distributed mainly in the range 0.2–0.4 μm, compared with those (0.1‐0.2 μm) in the other groups. These findings indicate that colchicine inhibits the development of CFG in ethionine injured hapatocytes. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 281∼288, 1989.
Squamous Differentiation in Thyroid Carcinoma With Special Reference to Histogenesis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid
Authors: Katoh Ryohei , Sakamoto Atsuhiko , Kasai Nobukatsu , Yagawa Kanichi
Published: December 2008

Squamous differentiation of thyroid carcinoma was studied clinicopathologically and immunohistochemically in 29 autopsy cases. Tumor cell nests with squamous differentiation (CNSD), which histologically resembled squamous cell carcinoma, were found in 6 cases (20.7%). All of these 6 cases with CNSD had areas of undifferentiated carcinoma, representing 31.6% of 19 cases with undifferentiated carcinoma, and all but one case also showed coexisting papillary carcinoma. The CNSD were histologically associated with undifferentiated carcinoma in 5 cases, and with papillary carcinoma in one case; the CNSD were occasionally intermingled with these types of carcinoma, and there were findings suggesting a histological transition between the CNSD and undifferentiated carcinoma or papillary carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry revealed that all the CNSD were reactive with antibodies for keratin and vimentin, whereas thyroglobulin and desmin were not expressed. It was concluded that the CNSD examined here were most probably due to extensive squamous differentiation (squamous metaplasia) in undifferentiated carcinoma and papillary carcinoma. In addition, the present results may explain the fact that cases diagnosed solely as squamous cell carcinoma sometimes show a prognosis similar to that of undifferentiated carcinoma, and may well represent extensive squamous differentiation in such tumors rather than true squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 306 312, 1989.
Duct‐Islet Cell Tumor of the Pancreas. A Case Report with Immunohistochemical and Electron Microscopic Findings
Authors: Nonomura Akitaka , Mizukami Yuji , Matsubara Fujitsugu , Kono Naoko , Nakanuma Yasuni
Published: December 2008

A case of pancreatic tumor with features of both duct and islet cell components was found incidentally at autopsy in a 76 year old male who had died of intrahepatic cholan‐giocarcinoma. The tumor, measuring about l.0cm in diameter, was located in the pancreatic tail. The tumor was composed of two distinct cell populations, islet cells and duct cells. Immunocytochemically, nearly all of the former cells were positive for insulin but negative for cytokeratin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin, while the latter were positive for cytokeratin, CEA and mucin but negative for insulin. Additionally, a majority of the tumor cells that had formed islet‐like structures were positive for neuron specific enolase (NSE), whereas NSE‐positive cells were found only rarely in duct components. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of two cell populations. Simultaneous occurrence of duct and islet cell components in a single pancreatic tumor indicates an intimate histogenetic relationship between pancreatic endocrine and duct cells. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 328 335, 1989.
Leiomyosarcoma of the Thoracic Aorta Associated with Dissecting Aneurysm
Authors: Suzuki Masafumi , Shimoda Tadakazu , Ushigome Shin‐ichiro , Aizawa Shigeo
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case report of leiomyosarcoma of the thoracic aorta is presented. The patient was a 75‐year old Japanese woman who complained of hypertension, melena and lumbago. The autopsy revealed severe occlusion of the thoracic aorta due to the tumor. Histologically the tumor consisted of fascicular proliferation of atypical fusiform cells. Metastases were seen in the bilateral adrenal glands, pancreatic tail and bones (vertebrae and femur). At the distal portion of the aortic tumor, there was a secondary dissecting aneurysm. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 336 341, 1989.
C Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid Follicular variant
Authors: Lertprasertsuke Nirush , Kakudo Kennichi , Nakamura Atsushi , Tada Nobuhiko , Osamura Yoshiyuki , Watanabe Keiichi , Kubota Mitsuhiro
Published: December 2008

A case of C cell carcinoma of the thyroid with an unusual follicular growth pattern of the cancerous C cells is described. The primary tumor consisted of a mixture of medullary and follicular features while the metastatic foci in the lymph nodes and liver displayed only a medullary arrangement. Histochemical study disclosed numerous argyrophilic cells in both the follicular and medullary parts. These cells were immunohistochemically positive for calcitonin, calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) and other peptides as well as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), but negative for thyroglobulin. Radioimmunoassay done on the tissue extract revealed a high content of calcitonin. Electron microscopy showed small intracytoplasmic secretory granules and, in the follicular lining cells, formation of microvilli. A minor component consisting of glandular structures has been reported in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, suggesting a potentiality for glandular differentiation of the C cells. In equivocal cases, immuno‐histochemical examination for calcitonin and thyroglobulin is essential for accurate diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 393‐399, 1989.
Effects of Dietary Iodine on Chemical Induction of Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Yamashita Hiroto , Noguchi Shiro , Murakami Nobuo , Kato Ryouji , Adachi Mitsuo , Inoue Souichi , Kato Shigeru , Nakayama Iwao
Published: December 2008

Effects of dietary iodine on the induction of thyroid carcinoma using N‐nitrosobis(2 hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP) were studied. Male Wistar rats were fed with an iodine‐adequate diet (IAD group), an iodine‐rich diet (IRD group) and an iodine‐deficient diet (IDD group), respectively, until the time of sacrifice. From the 2nd experimental month, animals were injected with BHP once a week for 10 weeks. In the IAD and IRD groups, benign nodules and papillary carcinoma were found. The incidence of rats with benign nodules was 100% in both groups and animals with papillary carcinoma in the IAD and IRD groups comprised 33% and 29%, respectively. The area of the thyroid gland occupied by nodular lesions was much narrower in the IRD group than in the IAD group. In the IDD group, the thyroid showed marked enlargement due to multiple nodular proliferation of follicle cells. The incidence of rats with carcinoma was 100%, and not only papillary but also follicular carcinoma and one pulmonary metastasis were found. As the iodine content of the diet decreased, the nodular lesions increased in width and number, and the incidence of carcinoma in rats became higher. These effects of dietary iodine are probably related to the goitrogenic and/ or promoting effects of TSH. Acta Pathol Jpn 40: 705‐712, 1990.
Bednař Tumor (Pigmented Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans)
Authors: Ding Jian , Hashimoto Hiroshi , Sugimoto Takuya , Tsuneyoshi Masazumi , Enjoji Munetomo
Published: December 2008

Six cases of Bednaf tumor were analyzed clinicopatho‐logically along with a review of 39 published cases. The findings were then compared with data on 44 cases of ordinary dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) obtained from our files. The clinical manifestations of the patients and the anatomic locations of the tumors were similar between the two categories, but the rate of recurrence was lower in cases of Bednar tumor. The histologic pattern of Bednar tumor was indistinguishable from ordinary DFSP except for scattered melanosome containing cells. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical examinations showed no evidence of neuroectodermal differentiation of dominant spindle shaped cells in Bednaf tumor, supporting a fibroblastic line of differentiation. The origin and pathogenesis of the melanosome containing cells were considered. These cells failed to react with HNIB 45, a melanoma specific antibody, and the large majority of melanosomes present were mature or at Stage IV, plus a few immature ones at Stage II. These pigmented cells do not appear to be neoplastic, and cannot be used as proof to indicate that Bednar tumor is a neuroectodermal neoplasm. Acta Pathol Jpn 40: 744‐754, 1990.
Multiple Carcinomata Associated with Anomalous Arrangement of the Biliary and Pancreatic Duct System
Authors: Morohoshi Toshio , Kunimura Toshiaki , Kanda Mikio , Takahashi Hiroyoshi , Yagi Hidefumi , Shimizu Kouji , Nakayoshi Akio , Asanuma Katsumi
Published: December 2008

Two rare cases of multiple neoplasms occurring in association with anomalous arrangement of the pancreatobiliary duct system (PBD) are reported. Ultrasonography, computed tomography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed cholecystic tumor in the first case, and multiple choledochocholecystic tumors in the second case. In the first case, pancreatic tumor was discovered two years after cholecystectomy. In the second case, a pancreatic tumor was discovered incidentally in the removed pancreatic head after the operation. The histology of all of these biliary and pancreatic tumors revealed papillary adenocarcinoma in both patients, and additionally small pancreatic endocrine tumors were found in the first case. Postoperative prognosis was comfortably favorable in both patients. In a literature survey, two other cases of double carcinomata associated with anomalous PBD were found, in which the tumors showed the same histology of papillary adenocarcinoma and the postoperative prognoses were also good. These mutual clinicopathological features appear to suggest that this abnormal condition acts as a carcinogenetic risk factor in the pancreatic duct and the biliary duct system, and may finally cause multiple carcinomata in the PBD. Acta Pathol Jpn 40: 755‐763, 1990.
Primary Malignant Lymphoma of the Urinary Bladder A Case Report
Authors: Kuhara Hajime , Tamura Zyun , Suchi Taizan , Hattori Ryohei , Kinukawa Tsuneo
Published: December 2008

A patient with primary malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder is presented. Grossly, the bladder showed multiple submucosal masses. Histologically and immunohisto‐chemically, diffuse B‐cell lymphoma of the medium‐sized cell type was revealed. On the basis of clinicopathological features, the present case resembled previously recorded cases of bladder lymphoma. The pathogenesis of this primary bladder lymphoma was presumably associated with follicular or chronic cystitis. Primary lymphoma of the bladder is a condition that is very rarely included in series of extranodal lymphomas, and there is a curious sex difference in its occurrence rates between Japan and Western countries. Primary lymphoma of the bladder may be considered a lymphoma that originates from mucosa associated lymphoid tissue. Acta Pathol Jpn 40: 764‐769, 1990.