bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Characterized raw Leucaena leucocephala pod (LLP) as biosorbent produced high adsorption of Pb(II) ions in a synthetic aqueous solution
Authors: Razak Noor Harliza Abd , Idris Juferi , Musa Mohibah , Jaapar Jepri , Puasa Siti Wahidah , Mukhelas Nazmi
Published: April 2022

Biosorbent from a plant-based material with characterized properties is important to remove heavy metals hence reduce the impact on humans and aquatic life. This study proposes to remove Pb(II) in a synthetic aqueous solution using characterized plant-based raw Leucaena leucocephala pod (LLP) via adsorption experiment. The effects of pH synthetic aqueous solution and raw LLP dosage on Pb(II) adsorption were investigated. The characteristics of raw LLP before and after adsorption of Pb (II) were also studied. It was found that the highest adsorption capacity of Pb(II) was obtained at pH 5 of synthetic solution with 1.1 mg/g adsorption capacity. Meanwhile, the optimum dosage of raw LLP was 40 g/L at 30 min retention time, resulting in 93% of Pb(II) removal. Optimum removal of Pb(II) using raw LLP in this study was obtained under low retention time of adsorption process compared to other studies using others plant based biosorbent but comparable in terms of heavy metal removal. Raw LLP can be effectively used directly without modification as a biosorbent in removing Pb(II) in industrial waste, hence provides an alternative method for pollutants removal which is safe for the environment and abundantly available.
Deep-sea environmental changes caused by earthquake-induced sediment resuspension on the continental slope off Sanriku, Japan: a comparison before and after the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake
Authors: Wakita Masahide , Watanabe Shuichi , Yoshino Jun , Oguri Kazumasa , Nomaki Hidetaka , Kawagucci Shinsuke , Ariyoshi Keisuke , Nagano Akira , Fujikura Katsunori
Published: April 2022

The 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake occurred off southern Sanriku, Japan, on 11 March and generated strong shaking and a huge tsunami along the entire eastern coast of Tohoku. The mainshock and numerous aftershocks caused mass-wasting sedimentation events on the continental shelf, slope, and trench bottom. To investigate the impacts of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake on the deep-sea environment off Sanriku, we conducted shipboard surveys up to ~2000 dbar during 2011–2018 and long-term monitoring of the seafloor on the continental slope using a deep-sea station (~1000 dbar) off Otsuchi Bay during 2014–2018. The turbidity calculated from light transmissometer anomaly data for the bottom layer deeper than 500 dbar on the continental slope was ~6% and higher than the values usually observed there. This high turbidity during 2011–2018 was caused by sporadic sediment resuspension induced by frequent aftershocks in the area off Sanriku. We found that dissolved oxygen concentrations between 1000 dbar and 1500 dbar dropped significantly by about 10% after the earthquake, whereas nutrients and dissolved inorganic carbon showed no significant difference and displayed a wide variation. The correlation between light transmissometer anomaly values and chemical parameters at 1000–1500 dbar suggests that turbidity increased the concentrations of phosphate, silicate, dissolved inorganic carbon, and methane, and decreased dissolved oxygen and nitrate. The deep-sea chemical environment was changed by remineralization resulting from the respiration and denitrification of microbial communities after the earthquake. The environmental change in the deep sea was maintained by sediment resuspension caused by continued aftershocks and was likely caused by variations in dissolved inorganic carbon and nutrients on the slope after the mainshock and aftershocks. The concentration and carbon isotope ratio of methane between 1000 and 2000 dbar near the hypocenter shows two peaks with high light transmissometer anomaly values near the isopycnal surfaces of 27.38σθ (1000 dbar) and 27.56σθ (1500 dbar). These sources of chemical input contributed by sediment resuspension induced by the mainshock and aftershocks might have been derived from shallow sediment on the continental slope and deep sub-seafloor reservoirs.
Femtosecond Laser Texturing of DLC based coatings by DLW Method with Sub-micrometer Precision
Authors: Čermák Adam , Simonović Kosta , Bondarev Andrey , Kožmín Pavel , Syrovátka Šimon , Polcar Tomáš , Syrovátka Jiří
Published: April 2022

The enhancement of functional surfaces by laser texturing has been investigated in many studies; however, it has been often applied to the substrate. New laser technologies, such as the direct laser writing (DLW) method using a femtosecond laser, allow the production of extremely precise textures into both substrates and thin films. This paper investigates two distinct methods producing various textures: (i) the substrate is textured before the deposition of the diamond-like carbon coating (DLC), and (ii) the texture is produced into DLC coating deposited on a polished substrate. Our goal was to achieve identical topography in both cases; the textured area was as large as 170 mm2. The textured topography was assessed by 3D laser scanning microscope, which confirmed the repeatability of fs laser processing. Raman spectroscopy mapping, SEM, and XPS were combined to investigate the effect of laser processing on DLC coating in terms of oxidation or structural changes.
The Growth of Recovery Capital in Clients of Recovery Residences in Florida, USA: A Quantitative Pilot Study of Changes in REC-CAP Profile Scores
Authors: Härd Sofia , Best David , Sondhi Arun , Lehman John , Riccardi Richard
Published: April 2022

Background: There is a growing evidence base around the effectiveness of a range of recovery residence models, particularly Oxford Houses and Sober Living Houses, and recovery housing is recognized as a clearly evidenced area of recovery intervention. The aim of the study was to quantitatively assess recovery capital in a sample of recovery residence clients. Method: The study used a repeated measures self-completion of a standardized recovery capital instrument for clients retained across various houses within one recovery residence provider. While 823 clients participated in the baseline assessment, a sample of 267 clients was achieved for six-month follow-up interview, based on those retained in the residence. A logistic regression model examined factors associated with retention and a repeated measures marginal mixed model evaluated the factors associated with changes in recovery capital between the baseline and the follow-up assessment.Results: Members of the group that remained in recovery residences were more likely to be older males with a record of high participation in recovery groups, with greater drop-out among younger residents, female residents and those with low levels of recovery group engagement at baseline. For those retained to follow-up, greater recovery capital growth was associated with employment, higher levels of social support and more recovery group involvement, as well as age and a higher quality of life. The recovery residence found it harder to retain younger clients, women and those with less prior involvement in recovery groups. However, those younger people who were retained reported better recovery capital growth during the initial six months of residence. Conclusion: The key conclusion is that while recovery capital generally increases during stay in a recovery residence, it does not do so consistently and this has implications for how recovery group engagement and social support is emphasized during periods of residence, particularly for younger and female residents, and the potential need for developing specialist supports for these populations.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor–kynurenine axis promotes oncogenic activity in BCP-ALL
Authors: Wang Li-Ting , Liu Kwei-Yan , Wang Shen-Nien , Lin Ming-Hong , Huang Shau-Ku , Hsu Shih-Hsien , Chiou Shyh-Shin
Published: April 2022

B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), the most common childhood cancer, originates from lymphoid precursor cells in bone marrow committed to the B-cell lineage. Environmental factors and genetic abnormalities disturb the normal maturation of these precursor cells, promoting the formation of leukemia cells and suppressing normal hematopoiesis. The underlying mechanisms of progression are unclear, but BCP-ALL incidence seems to be increasing in parallel with the adoption of modern lifestyles. This study hypothesized that air pollution and haze are risk factors for BCP-ALL progression. The current study revealed that indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IP), a major component of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air, promotes oncogenic activities (proliferation, transformation, and disease relapse) in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, IP treatment activated the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)–indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDOs) axis, thereby enhancing tryptophan metabolism and kynurenine (KYN) level and consequent promoting the KYN–AHR feedback loop. IP treatment decreased the time to disease relapse and increased the BCP-ALL cell count in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Additionally, in 50 clinical BCP-ALL samples, AHR and IDO were co-expressed in a disease-specific manner at mRNA and protein levels, while their mRNA levels showed significant correlation with disease-free survival duration. These results indicated that PAH/IP exposure promotes BCP-ALL disease progression.
LyBERT: Multi-class classification of lyrics using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)
Authors: Rajendran Revathy V , Pillai Anitha S , Daneshfar Fatemah
Published: April 2022

Recent developments in music streaming applications and websites have made the music emotion recognition task continually active and exciting. Recognizing the music mood has many advantages. One of them is that it helps find out the prominent feeling or state of mind it brings to a listener. Identifying a listener's taste is the primary motive of currently available music emotion recognition systems such as music streaming systems (YouTube), music recommender systems (Spotify), automatic playlist generation, etc. Being a subdomain of music information retrieval (MIR), for the past years, several challenges of music emotion recognition have been studied and solved by researchers. Music emotion recognition's significant challenges include data accessibility, data volume, recognizing emotionally relevant features, etc. Several researchers have proved that emotionally relevant features can be identified by analyzing multiple features and the semantic features of lyrics and effects of audio signals create music emotion. Then one can initiate the music recognition task from a lyrical perspective because it has semantic features and audio features such as valence and arousal. The challenging part is the availability of these features that influence the music's emotion.
The lyrical features relevant for identifying four emotions (happy, sad, relaxed, and angry) were learned with the help of state-of-the-art algorithms. After that, those features were used to predict the feelings of Music4All dataset lyrics from the Music Emotion Recognition (MER) dataset. This work tries to identify the importance of these features through transfer learning and combining pre-trained model BERT. After transfer learning, the BERT model is then applied to the dataset to improve the model's accuracy. The overall accuracy achieved is 92%.
Adrenal hemorrhage following DOACs therapy and first report in an APS-2 patient: Two Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: Sheklabadi Elaheh , Sharifi Yasaman , Tabarraee Mahdi , Rabiee Parham , Tamehrizadeh Seyed Saeed , Hadaegh Farzad
Published: April 2022

Background:Adrenal hemorrhage (AH) is a rare condition that can result in a life-threatening medical emergency. This medical condition could be caused by several underlying factors, one of which is the use of anticoagulants. As far as we are aware, direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) agents are a rare but possible cause of AH.Case presentation:Herein, we described two cases of AH due to DOACs. The first case was a 35-year-old woman with a past medical history of Hashimoto thyroiditis who was being treated with Apixaban due to the previous thrombosis. Her first symptoms of AH (November 2021) were strangely similar to symptoms of autoimmune Addison disease (AAD) which led to a confirmed diagnosis of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 (APS-2). An abdominal MRI revealed an oval shape well-encapsulated cystic mass with a diameter of 20x14 mm with a thick and low signal intensity rim in the left adrenal gland, highly suggestive of sub-acute left-sided AH. Our second case was an 89-year-old woman who had been admitted to the hospital (August 2021) with low blood pressure and disorientation. At the beginning of her admission, the evaluation showed hyponatremia, and further evaluations confirmed adrenal insufficiency (AI). The patient reported Rivaroxaban usage for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis after femur fixation surgery. Her abdominal CT scans showed bilateral adrenal masses highly suggestive of AH. Her follow-up examination showed persistent AI after three months.Conclusion:Given the history of our cases, physicians should be aware of AH in patients receiving DOACs, particularly in elderly patients who are at high risk of bleeding. It is also worth noting that AH can occur after a confirmed diagnosis of APS-2, and this is why patients need to be monitored closely.
Ecosystem services approach in national park planning: factors influencing the inhabitants’ perspectives on local natural resources and protected areas
Authors: Boćkowski Mariusz Daniel , Tusznio Joanna , Rechciński Marcin , Blicharska Małgorzata , Grodzińska-Jurczak Małgorzata
Published: April 2022

Despite changing paradigms on nature conservation, protected areas (PAs) such as national parks (NPs) remain key elements of systems of nature protection. Nowadays PAs are perceived as socio-ecological systems and there is a conviction that using ecosystem services (ES) approach (and follow-up derivatives) may help explaining social reluctance towards planned or existing PAs. In our study we focused on the planned Turnicki National Park (TuNP) in the far eastern part of the Polish Carpathians - an arena of intensive conservation conflict between proponents of park establishment and various local stakeholders. We examined the case through the ecosystem services perspective, using a questionnaire survey covering local communities around the planned TuNP. Further, we analyzed the interactions between perception of benefits from nature and attitudes towards NPs, as well as we assessed how social and economic status of local inhabitants shape attitudes towards PAs. Also, we discussed potential roles and viewpoints for a NP for a better coexistence with local social environments. We found important associations between attitudes towards parks and different factors, such as age, the length of living in a municipality, level of education and net income. Most notably, respondents who saw benefits of nature were more positive towards NPs in general and TuNP in specific, however those who prioritized provisioning services were more skeptical. The study has shown that using ES lens can help exploring the factors important in establishment and management of PAs and suggesting approaches to improve people’s attitudes towards PAs.
Activation of hippocampus mitochondrial Mn-SOD by a SIRT3 activator, honokiol, correlates with its deacetylation and upregulation of FoxO3a-PGC1α axis in a rat model of ammonia neurotoxicity
Authors: Trigun Surendra K , anamika Anamika
Published: April 2022

We have recently reported that honokiol (HKL), by activating mitochondrial SIRT3, restored ROS led deranged mitochondrial integrity associated with the pathogenesis of ammonia neurotoxicity induced moderate grade hepatic encephalopathy (MoHE). To delineate mechanism by which HKL does so, the present study describes activity vs acetylation level of the mitochondrial Mn-OD and its expression vs levels of its main transcription regulators; FOXO3a, PGC1α, in the hippocampus of the MoHE rat model of ammonia neurotoxicity, developed by administration of 100 mg/kg bw of thioacetamide i.p. for 10 days, and the MoHE rats treated with HKL (10 mg/Kg b.w.) for 7 days. As compared to the control, the hippocampus mitochondria from MoHE rats showed a significantly declined activity of MnSOD coinciding with the increased level of its acetylated form which however, could be restored back due the HKL treatment. Also, a significantly reduced expression of Mn-SOD in the hippocampus of those MoHE rats coincided with a similar decline in transcript level of FOXO3a and PGC1α. This was consistent with the reduced immunoreactivity of FOXO3a and PGC1α in the hippocampus DG, CA1 and CA3 regions of the MoHE rats. However, all these factors were observed to be restored back to their normal levels in the hippocampus of the MoHE rats treated with HKL. As HKL activates mitochondrial SIRT3, these findings suggest involvement of Sirt3 activation led deacetylation of MnSOD and upregulation of its transcription activators; FOXO3a and PGC1α in activating mitochondrial MnSOD in the hippocampus of the MoHE rat model of ammonia neurotoxicity.
A Clinical Study of Liposuction combined with Lymphovenous Anastomosis for Treatment of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema
Authors: Chang Kun , Xia Song , Liang Chen , Sun Yuguang , Xin Jianfeng , Shen Wenbin
Published: April 2022

Objective: In this work, we studied the clinical effect of liposuction combined with lymphovenous Anastomosis (LVAs) for treatment of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). Methods: We studied 158 patients with unilateral upper limb BCRL underwent liposuction combined with LVAs. Arm circumferences before and 7 days after the combined treatments were prospectively recorded. Circumferences of different upper extremities were measured before the procedure, 7 days after LVAs and during the follow-ups. Volumes were calculated with the frustum method. During the follow-ups, the conditions of patients’ treated arms, i.e. the frequency of erysipelas episodes and dependence on compression garments, were recorded. Results: The mean circumference difference between two upper limbs decreased significantly from M (P25, P75) 5.3 (4.1, 6.9) preoperatively to 0.5 (-0.8, 1.0) 7 days after treatments, while at follow-up 0.3 (-0.4,1.0). The mean volume difference decreased significantly from M (P25, P75) 838.3（662.4, 1129.0）preoperatively to 7.8 (-120.3, 151.4) 7 days after treatments, while at follow-up 43.7 (-59.4,161.1). The incidence of erysipelas also significantly decreased. 6.3% patients were already independent of compression garments during the past six months or even more. Conclusion: Liposuction combined with LVAs is an effective method for the treatment of BCRL.
Transumbilical single-site laparoscopic pyloromyotomy for pediatric hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Authors: Ji Yi , Lai Xiaoqin , Xu Zhicheng
Published: April 2022

PurposeA new novel technique for the treatment of pediatric hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS), transumbilical single-site laparoscopic pyloromyotomy with a single instrument (TUSSLP), was introduced. TUSSLP was compared with the trans-abdominal three-site laparoscopic pyloromyotomy (TATSLP) procedure.MethodsPatients with HPS who underwent TUSSLP and TATSLP between January 2016 and September 2020 were assigned to group A and group B, respectively. The data of perioperative clinical characteristics and postoperative follow-up results were retrospectively analysed and compared between the 2 groups.ResultsSixty-four patients were enrolled in this study. Of these patients, 29 (22 males, 7 females, 54.4±22.6 d) who received TUSSLP were assigned to group A. The remaining 35 (28 males, 7 females, 54.5±27.6 d) who received TATSLP were assigned to group B. The data of preoperative patient variables were comparable between the 2 groups (P>0.05). The mean operative time (ORT) was 28.1±5.6 min in group A, which was not significantly different from 25.8±3.1 min in group B (P=0.25). The other perioperative features were not significantly different between the 2 groups (P>0.05). During follow-up (39.1±14.7 m in group A and 35.4±16.1 m in group B, P=0.51), no significant difference was observed in the overall incidence of vomiting between the 2 groups (P=0.26).ConclusionsTUSSLP is a feasible and reliable minimally invasive method for HPS. It has the advantages of an improved cosmetic appearance. The postoperative follow-up results of TUSSLP are comparable with those of TATSLP.
Coral Sr/Ca records provide realistic representation of eastern Indian Ocean cooling during extreme positive Indian Ocean Dipole events
Authors: Pfeiffer Miriam , Watanabe Takaaki Konabe , Takayanagi Hideko , Cahyarini Sri Yudawati , Garbe-Schönberg Dieter , Watanabe Tsuyoshi
Published: April 2022

Extreme positive Indian Ocean Dipole (pIOD) events are amplified by non-linear ocean-atmosphere interactions and are characterized by pronounced cooling in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean. These non-linear feedbacks are not adequately represented in historical products of sea surface temperatures that underestimate the magnitude of extreme pIOD events. Here, we present a sea surface temperature (SST) reconstruction based on monthly coral Sr/Ca ratios measured in two coral cores from Enggano Island (Indonesia), that lie in the eastern pole of the IOD. The coral SST reconstruction extends from 1930–2008 and captures the magnitude of cooling during extreme pIOD events as shown in recent satellite and reanalysis data of SST that include ocean dynamics. The corals indicate that the 1961 pIOD event was at least as severe as the 1997 event, while the 1967 pIOD was more comparable to the 2006 event. The magnitude 1963 pIOD is difficult to assess at present due to poor replication between coral cores, and may be comparable to either 1997 or 2006. Cooling during the 1972 pIOD was short-lived and followed by pronounced warming, as seen in the moderate pIOD event of 1982. A combination of coral SST reconstructions and an extension of new reanalysis products of SST to historical time scales could help to better assess the severity and impact of past pIOD events such as the ones seen in the 1960s.
Generation of nano-sized mist by passing a solution through dielectric barrier corona discharge
Authors: Watanabe Ryosuke , Tanaka Shiori , Miyaji Godai , Yoshino Daisuke
Published: April 2022

Plasma medicine, a therapeutic technology that uses atmospheric-pressure plasma, is attracting much attention as an innovative tool for the medical field. Most of the plasma biomedical tools use direct effects, such as heat, optical stimulation, and reactive chemical species, on the lesion. Nanoparticulation techniques using indirect action by plasma, i.e., generation of electric fields, have the potential to be applied to promote transdermal absorption, where drugs pass through the barrier function of skin and penetrate into internal tissues. Here, we show a method to generate the nano-sized mist by passing a solution through the corona-like discharge. This method enables us to produce the mist with generally less than 2.15 µm in particle size for both water-based and oil-based solutions. Efficiency of mist generation was influenced by the plasma-induced changes in physical and chemical characteristics, including electrical conductivity, viscosity, and chemical species. We anticipate the developed method for nano-sized mist generation to provide a technique in the applications of the transdermal absorption system, including those related to pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
LINC01638 regulates miR-128/PDK1 to promotes cell proliferation and drug resistance in ovarian cancer
Authors: Ye Ying , Wang Hui
Published: April 2022

This study aims to explore the functional mechanism of LINC01638 in ovarian cancer (OC). The OC cell proliferation, viability and colony formation were respectively measured using CCK-8, MTT and colony formation assay. The cell cycle and apoptosis were both assessed using flow cytometry. Online bioinformatics tools were performed to predict the downstream gene of LINC01638. RNA pull down experiment and luciferase reporter assay were processed to verify the predictions. The expression of LINC01638, miR-128-3p and PDK1 in OC tissues and cells were detected using qRT-PCR and ISH analysis. The expressions of cisplatin-related proteins were determined by western blot. OC mice model was constructed to carry out in vivo experiment. LINC01638 was highly expressed in OC tissues and cells, and its high expression was related to poor OC prognosis. LINC01638 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation and cisplatin resistance, promoted cell apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest in OC cells. LINC01638 knockdown suppressed tumor growth, proliferation and cisplatin resistance and enhanced apoptosis in vivo. LINC01638 directly targeted miR-128-3p/PDK1 in OC cells. LINC01638 affected OC cell proliferation, survival and cisplatin resistance via combing miR-128-3p and promoting PDK1 expression.
A Predictive Nomogram Model for LARS after Rectal Cancer Resection
Authors: Shi Meiqin , Yan Mingfang , Lin Zhenmeng , Wu Zhiying , Zheng Huizhe
Published: April 2022

Background: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) and to construct a nomogram capable of predicting the risk of LARS in patients who undergo rectal cancer resection. Methods: 538 patients who had undergone anterior resection were recruited as a development group at the Fujian Cancer Hospital between January 2017 and June 2019. In addition, 114 patients with rectal cancer who had been treated between February 2020 and April 2021 at the Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, were analyzed as a validation set to test the new nomogram. The diagnosis of LARS was determined using the LARS Score. Patients in the development set were grouped into two separate cohorts: those with major LARS and those with minor or no LARS. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to detect risk factors for major LARS. A nomogram was performed and verified by a calibration plot and analysis of a receptor operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results: The prevalence of major LARS was 40.7%, of minor LARS was 28.6% and the proportion with no LARS was 30.7%. In multivariate analysis, female gender, preoperative chemoradiation, low tumor height, diverting ileostomy, postoperative anastomotic leakage were shown to be independently associated with major LARS occurring in patients after rectal cancer resection. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the nomogram were 0.726 (95% CI: 0.682-0.769) and 0.750 (95% CI: 0.655-0.845) in the development and validation sets, respectively. The calibration curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit tests showed that the model was acceptably accurate.Conclusions: There is a significant prevalence of major LARS following oncological rectal resection. A nomogram model based on risk factors could be valuable as a predictor of the probability of major LARS after rectal cancer surgery, and provides a guide that clinical staff can use to take preventive measures for high-risk patients.
Development and validation of a scale for the tendency to exercise in response to mood, eating, and body image cues: The Reactive Exercise Scale (RES)
Authors: De Young Kyle , Kambanis P. Evelyna , Bottera Angeline R. , Mancuso Christopher J.
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Earlier work on engaging in physical exercise when experiencing negative affect demonstrated robust associations with eating disorder (ED) behaviors and attitudes; however, measurement of the behavior was primitive. We report on the development of a self-report measure, the Reactive Exercise Scale (RES), that disentangles the tendency to engage in exercise in response to negative mood cues from the tendency to engage in exercise in response to eating and body image cues, which themselves may be associated with negative mood. The measure also assesses exercising in response to positive mood cues. Method: Exploratory factor analysis (FA) guided item and factor selection. Confirmatory FA in an independent sample supported a 3-factor solution – exercising in response to negative mood cues, eating and body image cues, and positive mood cues. Results: Results supported the construct validity of the RES subscales and indicated that exercising in response to negative mood cues may not uniquely relate to most aspects of ED psychopathology when accounting for eating and body image cues, which themselves are associated with negative mood. Conclusion: The RES allows for testing the unique relation of exercise to regulate negative emotion with ED constructs independent from the appearance-related motives for which exercise may also be used.
Validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Coping Assessment for Bereavement and Loss Experiences (CABLE)
Authors: Ebadi Abbas , Seraji Asal , Farahani Maryam Farmahini , Nia Hamid Sharif
Published: April 2022

Background and Aim:
The loss of loved ones following death, although very sad, becomes an inexperience for every person. Some people are very disabling and threatening to mourn. One of the factors that may distinguish people in response to grief is the coping strategies to deal with grief. The result of this study was designed to translate and determine the characteristics of psychological tools to assess coping with the experiences of grief and loss (28 items) in people living in Tehran, Iran.
Materials and Methods
This is a methodological study with a descriptive cross-sectional design that after obtaining written permission from the original developer and according to the WHO protocol, the Persian version of the questionnaire was completed by 480 experienced mourners living in Tehran in February 2021 to October 2021. Then, the Face validity, Content validity and Construct validity of questionnaire were assessed. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Test-retest were used to determine the reliability.
Results
Cronbach's alpha for all items was 0.91 and intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.86, both of which indicate the reliability of the Persian version of the CABLE tool. Based on the maximum likelihood exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis six factors were identified. The factors could explain 50% of the total variance observed. The model had an acceptable fit: GFI: 0.88, CFI: 0.96, IFI: 0.96, NFI: 0.92, PNFI: 0.82, RAMSEA: 0.058, CMIN/DF: 2.37 RMR: 0.056. Internal consistency and construct validity of the questionnaire were confirmed.
Conclusion
The findings of the present study indicate that the Persian version of CABLE is a tool with appropriate validity and reliability that can be used as a native tool to assess compliance with the experiences of grief and loss.
Severe Disease Activity Despite anti-TNF-α Treatment may Predispose to Post-colectomy Duodenitis Associated with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Fukata Masayuki , Sonoda Akira , Yoshimura Naoki , Sako Minako , Okano Soh , Saito Satoshi , Takazoe Masakazu , Furukawa Satomi , Okamoto Kinya , Yamana Tetsuo
Published: April 2022

BackgroundDiffuse mucosal inflammation in the duodenum that is distinct from peptic ulcer diseases has been repeatedly reported in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The pathogenesis of this complication remains uncertain, however, a colectomy for medically-refractory UC appears to trigger the duodenitis. We investigated the risk factors, treatments, and prognosis of UC-related duodenitis presented after colectomy. Methods　We performed a case series study of 152 patients with UC who underwent colectomy for the development of UC-related duodenitis between January 2011 and June 2020. Clinical and laboratory data, disease severity, medications were collected to see the associations with UC-related duodenitis. ResultsEleven UC-related duodenitis cases were identified among 55 colectomy cases of UC who received esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) due to epigastric symptoms. Disease severity defined by CRP and partial Mayo score prior to colectomy was significantly higher in patients with UC-related duodenitis than the controls. Among the medications used before colectomy, only anti-TNF-α agents were significantly associated with the development of UC-related duodenitis (OR 5.4, 95% CI: 1.456 - 22.82, P=0.02). Most UC-related duodenitis patients responded to Mesalamine or corticosteroid, and did not experience relapses but four cases (36.4%) needed treatment escalations to control bleeding. Three UC-related duodenitis patients (27.3%) were eventually treated with biologics due to concomitant pouchitis and/or UC-like enteritis. ConclusionsUC patients with higher disease activity and the use of anti-TNF-α agents prior to colectomy appear to be at high risk of developing UC-related duodenitis. A relapse is rare in UC-related duodenitis but maintenance therapies may be needed if it’s complicated with pouchitis.
Blood return at the end of renal replacement therapy provided clues on fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients with shock
Authors: Huang Daozheng , Ma Jie , Wang Shouhong , Qin Tiehe , Song Feier , Hou Tieying , Ma Huan
Published: April 2022

Objectives To observe if blood return, also defined as the blood infusion test (BIT) could predict fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients with shock and continuous renal replacement therapy.MethodsBefore BIT, the passive leg raise test (PLRT) was performed to record the changes of cardiac output (ΔCO) by thermodilution and ΔCO >=10% was defined as fluid responders. Meanwhile, the changes in velocity time integral (ΔVTI) were recorded by echocardiography and ΔVTI>=15% was defined as fluid responders. Then the changes in COs and VTIs were recorded during BIT about several minutes after PLRT. The receiver-operating characteristic curves of ΔCO and ΔVTI were compared between PLRT and BIT.ResultsForty-three patients were enrolled in our study. 25 patients (58.1%) were recognized as responders during PLRT while 22 of these patients (51.2%) had increased COs during BIT. And according to the receiver-operating characteristic curves, the optimal cutoff value of ΔCO was 8.5% and ΔVTI was 19% during BITs with the area under curve were 0.947 (95% CI 0.87-1.0) and 0.952 (95% CI 0.893-1), respectively. ConclusionsBIT in continuous renal replacement therapy could identify fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients with shock.
Electrostatically functionalized CVD grown multiwalled carbon nanotube/ palladium nanocomposite (MWCNT/Pd) for CH4 detection at room temperature
Authors: Shukla Prashant
Published: April 2022

By reducing the aqueous mixture of electrostatically modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNT) and palladium (Pd) using NaBH4, a nanocomposite was synthesized. The syllable structure of the f-MWCNT and f-MWCNT/ Pd nanocomposite was investigated by analytical tools FESEM and TEM respectively. f-MWCNTs matrix reinforced with Pd nanoparticles are utilized for sensing CH4 with its dilution varying from 0.5-100 ppm in air at room temperature (RT=27°C). The f-MWNT/Pd nanocomposite-based sensor for CH4 gas show several merits over conventional catalytic beads and MOS based sensors in context of reduced size, reduced power consumption and ease of fabrication. At room temperature, the nanocomposite's temporal electrical responses to CH4 were measured. It exhibited a response magnitude of ∼20-45.71% with a small variation of ±2% towards 0.5-100 ppm CH4. Furthermore, the responses were extremely reversible and repeatable, implying that it may be used to detect CH4 at ambient temperature. It has also been demonstrated experimentally that an excellent response time (≈ 20 s) and the recovery time (≈ 25 s) for these devices were recorded for CH4. The influence of external temperature and humidity on the CH4 sensor was also investigated in order to assess its long-term stability and self-life. The results showed that very small change is observed over a wide of temperature from 25-70oC and that for %Rh from 20-90%. Therefore, the reported CH4 sensor absolutely demonstrated long-term stability at ambient conditions and hence, these devices can prove to be ideal for CH4 leakage detection for practical real time applications. A sensing mechanism by which CH4 is detected by f-MWCNT/Pd nanocomposite is also elaborately discussed.
Nondestructive evaluation of interface defects in layered media
Authors: Inglese Gabriele , Olmi Roberto
Published: April 2022

In a layered thermal conductor, the inaccessible interface could be damaged by mechanical solicitation, chemical infiltration, aging. In this case, the original thermal properties of the specimen are modified. The present paper deals with nondestructive evaluation of interface thermal conductance h from the knowledge of the surface temperature when the specimen is heated in some controlled way. The goal is achieved by expanding h in powers of the thickness of the upper layer. The mathematical analysis of the model produces exact formulas for the first coefficients of h which are tested on simulated and real data.
The effects of a three-day mountain bike cycling race on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and heart rate variability in amateur cyclists
Authors: Swart Anton
Published: April 2022

Background: Increased endurance exercise at high intensities may cause an acute reduction in cardiac function, causing a physiological cascade that releases cardiac biomarkers. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a physiological measurement used to evaluate the autonomic nervous system (ANS) state. This study set out to determine the changes in the ANS by participating in a three-day endurance mountain bike cycling event using HRV as an outcome measure.Methods: Sixteen healthy participants (male and female) participating in a three-day endurance mountain bike cycling event underwent five-minute resting electrocardiography (ECG) recordings in a supine position. In addition, heart rate variability measurements were recorded two days before the race (baseline testing), after each race day, and at 24 hours post-event (recovery).Results: Time-domain and frequency domain measures showed significant changes from baseline HRV parameters after each race day (p≤0.05). These changes reflected an increase in sympathetic activity and parasympathetic withdrawal each day after the event. In addition, our data revealed that the mean heart rate (HR) and R-R variability variables did not return to baseline values after 24 hours of recovery, reflecting autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction, and that changes persisted for at least 24 hours post-event.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that competing in an endurance mountain bike cycling event led to diminished vagal activity and decreased HRV throughout the event, which persisted for at least 24 hours post-event. The body was under continuous sympathetic dominance and parasympathetic withdrawal at rest and each racing day, implying that each race day inflicts significant physiological stress. This physiological stress causes a disturbance in homeostasis and an increase in ANS dysfunction. This dysfunction has implications for further research, including dysrhythmia risk and monitoring of athletes in advising participation and returning to strenuous activity post-endurance events.
Effect of color filters on photo electrochemical solar cell of pure and rhenium doped SnSe crystals
Authors: Patel Trupti , solanki Gunavant , Joshi Vimal
Published: April 2022

Applications of photo functional materials have universally aroused tremendous interest in recent years. The development of photo electrochemistry as a field of science was stimulated by the need for developing a photo electrochemical (PEC) energy conversion as a novel technique to utilize the infinite source of energy. Here, we have demonstrated the effect of different color filters on PEC behavior on rhenium doped tin mono selenide crystals synthesized by direct vapor transport technique. Authors have been used as grown SnSeRex (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2) crystals for photo electrode in PEC solar cell. This cell has been investigated in detail to evaluate its parameters, e.g. short circuit current (Isc), open circuit voltage (Voc), efficiency (η) and fill factor (FF). The electrodes were prepared from further mentioned crystals showing absolutely plane faces obtained through the act of cleavage with help of an adhesive tape. Illumination of light, the electrolyte and counter electrode were kept constant. This work intends to summarize PEC behavior in order to see the effect of rhenium doping and different color filter sheet on the mentioned single crystals on their parameters.
Strong Transport of Anthropogenic Carbon from the Antarctic Shelf to Deep Southern Ocean
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Wu Yingxu , Cai Wei-Jun , Wang Zhaomin , Feely Richard , Cai Wenju , Wang Yanmin , Liu Chengyan , Li Xichen , Yang Qinghua , Ding Minghu , Xu Zhongsheng , Rodrigo Kerr , Luo Yiming , Cheng Xiao , Chen Liqi , Qi Di
Published: April 2022

Flows of dense shelf water are an efficient mechanism for pumping CO2 to deep ocean along the continental shelf-slope, particularly in the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) formation area and its adjacent waters where most of the global bottom water is formed. The global carbon uptake from the atmosphere is estimated to be 200 teragrams carbon per year (Tg C yr-1). However, the contribution from the Antarctic coastal regions to the global carbon budget remains highly uncertain. Here, using an integrated observational dataset, we find that the export of anthropogenic CO2 from the Pan-Antarctic shelves to deep Southern Ocean is 45~86 Tg C yr-1, equivalent to 22~43% of the global coastal CO2 uptake, and much higher than previous estimates. The large carbon transport flux causes a decline in deep water pH of 0.0007 ± 0.0002 pH yr-1, far faster than that of any other open ocean deep waters (<0.0002 pH yr-1). Thus, CSP in the AABW formation area is an important pathway for anthropogenic carbon transport into the ocean interior.
Tumour evolvability metrics predict recurrence beyond 10 years in locally-advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Sottoriva Andrea , Fernandez-Mateos Javier , Cresswell George , Trahearn Nicholas , Webb Katharine , Stuttle Christine , Corbishley Catherine , Starvrinides Vasilis , Zapata Luis , Spiteri Inma , Heide Timon , Gallagher Lewis , James Chela , Gao Annie , Kote-Jarai Zsofia , Acar Ahmet , Truelove Lesley , Proszek Paula , Murray Julia , Reid Alison , Wilkins Anna , Hubank Michael , Eeles Rosalind , Dearnaley David
Published: April 2022

Cancers evolve obeying Darwinian laws and therefore the evolutionary paradigm lays the ground for predictive oncology. However, the predictive power of evolutionary metrics in cancer has been seldom tested. There is a need for quantitative measurements in controlled clinical trials with long term follow-up information. This is particularly true in locally-advanced prostate cancer, which can recur more than a decade after diagnosis. Here we mapped genomic intra-tumour heterogeneity in 642 samples from 114 patients who took part in the prostate radiotherapy trials at The Royal Marsden Hospital, for which full clinical information and 12y median follow-up was available. We concomitantly assessed phenotypic (morphological) heterogeneity using deep learning in 1,923 histological sections from 250 IMRT patients (fully overlapping with the genetic set). We found that evolvability, measured as genetic divergence as well as morphological diversity, was a strong independent predictor of recurrence (respectively HR=72.06, 95% CI 2.97-1748.5, p=0.009 and HR=6.2, 95% CI 1.86-20.72, p=0.003). Combined, these two measurements together also identified a group of patients with half the median time to recurrence compared to the rest of the cohort (5.6 vs 11.5 years). We also found a small subset of MYC/FGFR1 amplified cases (4.4%) with particularly poor prognosis. The overall burden of chromosomal alterations correlated with higher Gleason score. We identified associations between 24 chromosomal arm copy number changes and Gleason score (e.g. -22q, +5p, +8q, +16p, +7p), and show that loss of chromosome 6p (encompassing the HLA locus) was correlated with markedly reduced immune cell infiltration. This study shows that combining genomics with AI-aided histopathology in clinical trials leads to the identification of novel clinical biomarkers.
Limbic encephalitis as a rare manifestation of relapsing polychondritis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Belfkih Rachid , Khayat Omar Ghomari , Amrani Fatima Zohra El
Published: April 2022

Relapsing polychondritis is a systemic immune-mediated disease defined with recurrent inflammatory episodes of cartilaginous structures. Ear and nose chondritis are the most common clinical presentation. However, potential life-threatening complications could occur along the course of the disease. Its diagnosis is usually made based on a set of criteria determined by organs involvement. There exist several therapeutic options; they depend on the nature and severity of organs damage. We report a clinical case of a relapsing polychondritis presented with limbic encephalitis.
Characteristics of Hospital Admissions for Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: Analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2012-2014)
Authors: Kim Chongiin , Garcia-Tome Rodrigo , Hurtado Carolina , Ding Li , Wang Tisha , Chang Ching-fei
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare clinical syndrome involving the accumulation of lipid-rich proteinaceous material in the alveoli. There is a paucity of published studies on this condition. To better characterize the demographics, complication rates, mortality, and healthcare costs of patients hospitalized for PAP in the United States, a secondary analysis on the Hospital Cost and Utilization Project’s Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) was performed on patients admitted from 2012 – 2014 with a diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. MethodsUsing the NIS database, a secondary analysis was performed on 500 admissions with the diagnosis “pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.” The clinical variables and outcome measures extracted were: patient demographics, hospital costs, length of stay, frequency of admissions, and inpatient mortality rate. ResultsAmong a weighted estimate of 500 hospital admissions from 2012-2014, the number of PAP admissions averaged 4.7 per million. The population was predominantly male (55%) with a mean age of 41.45 (CI: 38.3-44.5) from all socioeconomic levels. Inpatient mortality was calculated to be 5%, which may result from the fact that the majority of admitted patients had few or no comorbid conditions (CCI: 0.72). The most common procedure performed during admission was a bronchoalveolar lavage. Mean length of stay was 6.2 days (CI: 3.9-8.5) and average cost of admission was $29,932.20 (CI: 13,739-46,124). Of note, 50% of these admissions were considered “elective.”ConclusionsDemographics of patients with PAP who have been hospitalized in the United States are similar to previously reported demographics from prior patient cohorts, specifically a male predominance and a mean age in the 40s. The inpatient mortality rate of 5% we found is consistent with prior studies demonstrating good disease-specific survival rates. Notably, the cost per admission and overall annual cost associated with PAP hospitalization was calculated to be $29,932.20 and $5 million respectively. This reflects the high economic cost associated with hospitalization of PAP patients, and provokes thought about ways to make treatment more cost-effective.