bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bienestar psicológico en mujeres que desempeñan profesiones tradicionalmente masculinas
Authors: Bahamondes Cvietkovich Makarena , Miranda Palacios Sussan , Avendaño Alarcón Sergio , Estrada Goic Claudia
Published: October 2020

El presente estudio analiza la relación existente entre la percepción de discriminación por ejercer actividades poco tradicionales y los niveles de bienestar psicológico subjetivo. Participaron 81 mujeres voluntarias que desempeñan profesiones y oficios definidos por ellas mismas, y por jueces externos, como tradicionalmente masculinos, con edades comprendidas entre 18 a 52 años, con una media de 34 años. Todas de ellas desarrollan su actividad laboral en la ciudad de Punta Arenas, Chile. El muestreo fue no aleatorio intencionado y se utilizó un diseño no experimental transversal correlacional. Se utilizaron cuestionarios para medir tanto el bienestar psicológico como la percepción de discriminación. Los resultados respecto al bienestar psicológico indican que el promedio se sitúa dentro del percentil 55 comparado con normas regionales según género. Respecto a la percepción de discriminación, el promedio global indica que perciben niveles de discriminación cercanos a niveles intermedios de la escala teórica. Los análisis de correlación señalan la existencia de una asociación negativa entre ambas variables. La asociación negativa entre el bienestar y la discriminación ocurre particularmente para el caso de la percepción de discriminación manifiesta. Se discuten estos resultados en términos de los costos de la puesta en cuestión de los roles tradicionales y sus implicancias para las nuevas generaciones.
Creencias de universitarios del sur de Chile sobre mandatos de género masculinos
Authors: Mardones Leiva Karen , Vizcarra Larrañaga María Beatriz
Published: October 2020

El estudio tuvo como propósito comparar el nivel de adhesión de jóvenes que estudian en la universidad respecto de los mandatos de género masculinos. La investigación de tipo cuantitativa usó un diseño no experimental, descriptivo y transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 372 estudiantes: 233 mujeres y 139 hombres, quienes contestaron una escala organizada en siete subescalas que evaluaban las dimensiones de: proveedor, paternidad, heterosexualidad, racionalidad, fuerza física, caballerosidad y asunción de riesgos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que en los y las jóvenes universitarios coexisten posiciones de mayor y menor adhesión respecto a los mandatos de género masculinos. Asimismo, las mujeres presentan menos adhesión que los hombres en todas las dimensiones obteniendo diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos.
Principales indicadores bibliométricos de la Revista de Psicología (1990-2016)
Authors: Sáez-Ibáñez Ángeles , Zúñiga Claudia , Lira Daniela , SanMartín Ana N. , Salas Paula , Laborda Mario A.
Published: October 2020

Se presentan los principales indicadores bibliométricos de la Revista de Psicología de la Universidad de Chile, con el fin de caracterizar su devenir histórico desde su fundación en 1990. Con este objetivo se desarrolló una base de datos con la totalidad de los artículos publicados por la revista en el período 1990-2016, los cuales se encuentran distribuidos en 25 volúmenes y 42 números. Para el análisis del material fueron considerados: índices de producción, tipología de las publicaciones y sus respectivas áreas temáticas, índices de colaboración por autores, instituciones y países de afiliación, características de los autores por sexo, afiliación y nacionalidad; enfoque, metodología y diseño de las investigaciones empíricas, financiamiento de los estudios e índice de citación. Este análisis evidencia un cambio en el desarrollo histórico de la revista, en el cual los índices de productividad, colaboración y citación han presentado un aumento considerable en la actualidad, en comparación con sus períodos iniciales.
Regulação emocional e sintomas depressivos em pacientes portadores de psoríase
Authors: Silva Brenda Fernanda Pereira , Faro André
Published: October 2020

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a influência de estratégias de regulação emocional, características sociodemográficas e clínicas na sintomatologia depressiva em pacientes psoriáticos. Participaram do estudo 72 pacientes adultos de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 18 e 78 anos, por meio dos critérios de amostragem acidental e por conveniência. Os instrumentos utilizados foram um questionário sociodemográfico e clínico: o Questionário de Regulação Emocional (QRE) e a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). A regressão logística indicou características clínicas (autorrelato de grau da doença), bem como a estratégia supressão emocional, como covariáveis com significativa relação com a presença de sintomas depressivos em pacientes psoriáticos. Concluiu-se sobre a influência da supressão emocional e percepção de gravidade da própria doença como principais correlatos para a depressão. Por fim, acredita-se na importância de destacar a necessidade de se desenvolverem intervenções psicológicas com tais pacientes. Ademais, é relevante focar no desenvolvimento de estratégias de enfrentamento da doença, para favorecer maior qualidade de vida a esses pacientes.
Una revisión de Desde la biología a la psicología (reimpresión)
Authors: Ramírez M. Simón
Published: October 2020

Autor: Humberto Maturana R.

Compilación y prólogo: Jorge Luzoro García.

Editorial: Universitaria.

Lugar de edición: Santiago, Chile.

Número de páginas: 206.

Año: 2019

ISBN: 9561118122

Datos autor: Humberto Maturana Romesín (Santiago, Chile, 1928) es biólogo y PhD por la Univer-sidad de Harvard. Premio nacional de ciencias naturales 1994. Profesor emérito y Cofundador de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad de Chile. Cofundador de Matríztica. Sus investigaciones (más de una centena de artículos, capítulos de libros y libros) sobre el sistema nervioso, lo vivo, lo humano, lo cultural ha tenido —y sigue teniendo— un impacto en áreas distintas a la de su forma-ción, ya sea a través de tesis, líneas de investigación, proyectos de diferente clase y reflexiones co-tidianas.

Datos compilador: Jorge Luzoro García es psicólogo de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile y exacadémico de la misma institución. Fue director del Departamento de Psicología de la Universi-dad de Chile (1997-1999) y ha ostentado diferentes cargos directivos en universidades.
Análisis psicométrico de la Escala de Machismo Sexual en estudiantes universitarios peruanos y chilenos
Authors: Herrera Salas Dayana , Mamani López Viviana , Arias Gallegos Walter L. , Rivera Renzo
Published: October 2020

En este estudio analizamos las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Machismo Sexual, en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios chilenos y una muestra de estudiantes universitarios peruanos. La muestra estuvo conformada por 303 estudiantes hombres de dos universidades privadas de una ciudad de provincia de ambos países. Se aplicó la Escala de Machismo Sexual de Díaz et al. (2010) que consta de 12 ítems y fue construida y validada originalmente en México. Los valores psicométricos indican que la prueba presenta una estructura unidimensional calculada mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio y niveles adecuados de confiabilidad solo para la muestra chilena. Aunque no se confirmó el modelo estructural de la prueba original, dado que se tuvo que eliminar un ítem.
Can Powerful Boards Increase Firm Innovativeness When Faced with Exploitative CEOs?
Authors: Bajaba Saleh M. , Bajaba Abdulah M. , Basahal Abdulrahman S.
Published: October 2020

Although quite amount of research investigated the detrimental effects of destructive leadership styles at the individual level, less has focused on its effect on the organization as a whole. Therefore, this conceptual paper proposes a model of integration between the micro and the macro level of the organization through investigating the impact of CEO exploitative leadership style on firm innovativeness. Exploitative leadership emphasizes the leader’s self-interest through overdelegation of tasks and underchallenging of followers. We propose that CEO exploitative leadership is going to have a detrimental effect on firm innovativeness through TMT behavioral integration as it causes a climate of unfair exchange and hostility, which limits the amount of information being exchanged, collaboration, and joint decision making. We also propose that TMT behavioral integration is an important factor in achieving firm innovativeness, especially when TMT diversity is high. Lastly, board power is proposed to act as an intervention that mitigates the detrimental impact of CEO exploitative leadership on TMT behavioral integration and, ultimately, firm innovativeness, as a powerful board limits/controls any CEO behavior that contradicts the profit-maximizing expectations of the shareholders. Practical implications, limitations, and future directions are also discussed.
Two Explicit Characterizations of the General Nonnegative-Definite Covariance Matrix Structure for Equality of BLUEs, WLSEs, and LSEs
Authors: Young Phil D. , Patrick Joshua D. , Young Dean M.
Published: October 2020

We provide a new, concise derivation of necessary and sufficient conditions for the explicit characterization of the general nonnegative-definite covariance structure V of a general Gauss-Markov model with E(y) and Var(y) such that the best linear unbiased estimator, the weighted least squares estimator, and the least squares estimator of Xβ are identical. In addition, we derive a representation of the general nonnegative-definite covariance structure V defined above in terms of its Moore-Penrose pseudo-inverse.
Reflexões acerca do uso da telemedicina no brasil: oportunidade ou ameaça?
Authors: Santos Weverson Soares , De Sousa Júnior João Henriques , Coelho Soares João , Raasch Michele
Published: October 2020

Os avanços tecnológicos trouxeram uma nova realidade de trabalho e assistência oferecida pelos profissionais de saúde. A utilização das tecnologias para prover assistência, promoção e educação em saúde é também denominada como saúde digital, e engloba, dentre outros, a telemedicina, inerente especificamente à prática da medicina a distância. A telemedicina vem sido desenvolvida há muitas décadas e com diversas experiências nas mais diversas culturas e realidades socioeconômicas, atuando como ferramenta de teleassistência, teleconsulta, telexpertise, monitoramento remoto, pesquisas multicêntricas e atividades educacionais. Este artigo objetiva apresentar uma revisão crítica acerca do uso da telemedicina medicina no Brasil. O ponto alto das discussões acerca do tema refere-se à regulamentação, principalmente, da prática de teleconsultas, atividade utilizada em vários países e liberada no Brasil durante a pandemia de COVID-19. A literatura apresenta diversas experiências e oportunidades do uso da telemedicina, tais quais: aumento do acesso a serviços de saúde, redução de deslocamentos de pacientes, redução de custos e aproximação de especialistas à população de regiões remotas. Porém, uma recente tentativa de regulamentação do Conselho Federal de Medicina levantou uma série de discussões entre especialistas e associações médicas, evidenciando ameaças como: aumento da possibilidade de diagnósticos equivocados, utilização em demasia, insegurança de dados e informações privadas, e possível vetor de desemprego de profissionais médicos. A liberação do uso da telemedicina durante a pandemia evidenciou uma oportunidade para os profissionais e, para a população brasileira experenciar essa nova modalidade de prestação de serviço médico, que certamente contribuirá para discussões futuras e possível regulamentação do tema.
Diversity and Inclusion in Forensic Anthropology
Authors: Tallman Sean , Bird Cate
Published: October 2020

Diversity and inclusion have proven vital for increasing innovation, success, and performance in a myriad of fields; however, as with many other scientific disciplines, forensic anthropology’s history and lack of critical self-assessment have resulted in impediments to fostering a diverse and inclusive environment. Therefore, the field should reflect on its current membership and culture and devise strategies to address deficiencies. To begin evaluating the current state of diversity and inclusion in forensic anthropology, a survey was distributed to Anthropology Section members of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS) in 2018. A total of 211 students and professionals responded, and 32.4% self-identified as a member of an underrepresented group. The results indicate that 63.4% believe that forensic anthropology exhibits little diversity; that 73.4% consider this lack of diversity problematic; and that 84.3% believe the Anthropology Section should do more to recruit and retain diverse forensic anthropologists. Heterogeneity is perceived to be the greatest at the undergraduate level, with diversity decreasing in vertical movement through graduate, postdoctoral, and/or professional statuses. Moreover, the results suggest that discrimination and exclusion have a negative effect on our community, as they may lead to attrition of those with diverse backgrounds and perspectives. We propose actions that may help to mitigate the negative effects of meritocracy, discrimination/harassment, and exclusion to evolve toward a culture of diversity. These include regularly tracking demographic information on AAFS membership, reassessing graduate admissions requirements and indicators of success, creating mechanisms for reporting discrimination/harassment, implementing targeted outreach, and developing mentorship opportunities.
Fostering European Identity
Authors: Heinemann Friedrich , Fuest Clemens , Ciaglia Sarah
Published: October 2020

Over recent years, the concept of ‘European identity’ has received increasing scholarly attention. Despite this progress, political initiatives to foster a shared feeling of Europeanness still appear to be designed largely ad hoc. This contribution aims at providing a link between the existing state of knowledge and policy approaches to promote European identity. With a target group perspective, we develop a classification of measures to promote European identity. This classification is based on the distinctions between a ‘civic’ and a ‘cultural’ European identity. Within this framework, we assess seven proposals: transnational party lists for the European Parliament, an EU Citizens’ Assembly, EU consular offices, a Pensioners’ Erasmus, a ‘European Waltz’ program, an EU public service broadcaster, and a European bank holiday. We conclude that current identity strategies suffer from too narrow target groups that already tend to have a European perspective.
Das Projekt „Krankenhaus: Impulse für Deutschland aus Dänemark (K:IDD)“
Authors: Berger Elke , Reichebner Christoph , Eriksen Astrid , Kretzler Matthias , Offermanns Matthias , Heber Robin , Krause Clemens , Busse Reinhard
Published: October 2020

Vor dem Hintergrund einer starken Dezentralisierung, geringer Spezialisierung und international überdurchschnittlicher Bettenkapazitäten der stationären Versorgung in Deutschland stehen die umfassenden Reformen des dänischen Krankenhaussektors seit einigen Jahren im Fokus gesundheitspolitischer Diskussionen. Der Beitrag stellt das Innovationsfondsprojekt „Krankenhaus: Impulse für Deutschland aus Dänemark (K:IDD)“ vor und analysiert, welche Prozesse in Dänemark vollzogen wurden und, ob und wie sich Teile auf Deutschland übertragen lassen.
Die Europäische Menschenrechtskonvention in internationalen und nicht-internationalen bewaffneten Konflikten
Authors: Biehl Simon
Published: October 2020

Die Arbeit untersucht die Anwendbarkeit von Menschenrechten im Allgemeinen und der EMRK im Besonderen in internationalen und nicht-internationalen bewaffneten Konflikten. Hierbei analysiert die Arbeit die bestehende Rechtsprechung des EGMR zur extraterritorialen Anwendbarkeit der EMRK. Ein besonderes Augenmerk wird zudem auf das Verhältnis der EMRK zum Humanitären Völkerrecht und auf die Bindung nicht-staatlicher Akteure an Menschenrechte, allen voran die EMRK, gelegt.
Kollektiver und überindividueller Rechtsschutz im Zivil- und Verwaltungsprozessrecht
Authors: Gluding Katja Viktoria
Published: October 2020

Zivil- und Verwaltungsprozessrecht bewältigen die Probleme des kollektiven und überindividuellen Rechtsschutzes unterschiedlich. So hat die Musterfeststellungsklage das Zivilprozessrecht nun um eine kollektive Klagemöglichkeit erweitert. Im Verwaltungsprozessrecht ist vor allem die Entwicklung der überindividuellen Verbandsklagen im Fluss.

Das Werk beschäftigt sich erstmalig rechtsgebietsübergreifend mit den in diesem Bereich existierenden Rechtsschutzinstituten. Es analysiert, kritisiert, arbeitet Unterschiede sowie Gemeinsamkeiten heraus und untersucht dabei auch mögliche Auswirkungen der Musterfeststellungsklage auf das Verwaltungsprozessrecht. Gleichzeitig bezieht es die Bestrebungen zur Europäischen Sammelklage mit ein.
A Recurrence Analysis of Multiple African Easterly Waves during Summer 2006
Authors: Reyes Tiffany , Shen Bo-Wen
Published: October 2020

Accurate detection of large-scale atmospheric tropical waves, such as African easterly waves (AEWs), may help extend lead times for predicting tropical cyclone (TC) genesis. Since observed AEWs have comparable but slightly different periods showing spatial and temporal variations, local analysis of frequencies and amplitudes of AEWs is crucial for revealing the role of AEWs in the modulation of TC genesis. To achieve this goal, we investigate the recurrence plot (RP) method. A recurrence is defined when the trajectory of a state returns to the neighborhood of a previously visited state. To verify implementation of the RP method in Python and its capability for revealing a transition between different types of solutions, we apply the RP to analyze several idealized solutions, including periodic, quasiperiodic, chaotic and limit cycle solutions, and various types of solutions within the three- and five-dimensional Lorenz models. We then extend the RP analysis to two datasets from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts global reanalysis and global mesoscale model data in order to reveal the recurrence of multiple AEWs during summer 2006. Our results indicate that the RP analysis effectively displays the major features of time-varying oscillations and the growing or decaying amplitudes of multiple AEWs.
Entrepreneurship in Urban Jungles through High-Tech Vertical Farming
Authors: Jassem Suaad , Rezaur Razzak Mohammad
Published: October 2020

Demographic movements forecasted by the United Nations indicates that, over the next few decades greater portion of people will be concentrated in and around large cities of the world. Such population dynamics in parallel with emerging phenomena such as global pandemics and impact of climate change are posing threats to the supply chain of agricultural production. The reliance on traditional open-field cultivation and transportation of fresh products to distant urban locations are coming under threat. This has been further exposed by the current pandemic (Covid-19) that is impeding farm production along with movement of people and goods. A viable solution lies in vertical in-door farming driven by advanced technologies. The use of high-tech solutions to grow vegetables, fruits and flowers close to consumption centers has taken off successfully in many locations around the world. However, majority of such projects have been set up by investors; with access to substantial capital. In order to mitigate the possibilities of food shortages in densely populated cities, initiatives need to be undertaken to foster growth of large-scale entrepreneurship by individuals that can venture into this field on a smaller scale and with less capital outlay.
New Bismuth Sodium Titanate Based Ceramics and Their Applications
Authors: Nie Hengchang , Wang Genshui , Dong Xianlin
Published: October 2020

Ferroelectric materials are widely investigated due to their excellent properties and versatile applications. At present, the dominant materials are lead-containing materials, such as Pb (Zr,Ti)O3 solid solutions. However, the use of lead gives rise to environmental concerns, which is the driving force for the development of alternative lead-free ferroelectric materials. (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-based ceramics are considered to be one of the most promising lead-free materials to replace lead-containing ferroelectric ceramics due to their excellent ferroelectric properties, relaxation characteristics, and high Curie point. After decades of efforts, great progress has been made in the phase structure characterization and properties improvement of BNT based ceramics. However, most of the studies on BNT system mainly focuses on its piezoelectric properties and application of piezoelectric sensors and strain actuators, little attention is paid to its ferroelectric properties and related applications. In this chapter, new BNT-based ceramics via composition modification and special focuses on the ferroelectric properties, phase transition behaviors under external fields and related applications, such as application in energy storage, pulsed power supply and pyroelectric detection were proposed.
Identifying Criminal Career Patterns of Sex Offenders
Authors: Dolezal Dalibor , Jovanovic Ena
Published: October 2020

Intense social and political changes in the past decades led to changes in crime rates and the way the public perceives crime. Although there is a concern about crime in general, there seem to be some types of offences that cause more distress to the general public than others, for example, sexual offences. They seem to receive significant amounts of public condemnation and represent the focus of many punitive policies. In order to understand criminality as an individual and a social problem, researchers began to study crime through the concept of criminal career. One of the ways of getting insight into this type of offenders is by exploring their criminal career referring to a longitudinal series of offences committed by a person which has a noticeable series of offences. The study of the criminal career of sexual offenders has the potential to bring new information to experts and legislators, contribute to a greater understanding of the continuity of transgression from adolescence to adulthood and ensure better knowledge of the occurrence of sexual misconduct, how it begins, how it develops over time and how it ends.
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinusL.) Seed Extract as a New Plant-Based Milk Alternative and Its Potential Food Uses
Authors: Karim Roselina , Aini Mat Noh Nor , Giwa Ibrahim Shafa’atu , Zunairah Wan Ibadullah Wan , Zawawi Norhasnida , Saari Nazamid
Published: October 2020

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed is rich in protein, fat, fiber, and other essential nutrients. Kenaf seed comprises of high protein (22–31%) and oil (22–25%) contents which suggested its high potential food application. This chapter discusses the potential and early development of kenaf-based plant-milk and tofu. The step-by-step processes involved in preparation of kenaf-based milk and kenaf-based tofu at laboratory-scale are illustrated. Soaking conditions (temperature and time) of kenaf seed as pretreatment in preparation of kenaf seed milk were highlighted. Hydration of kenaf seed were found to be faster at elevated temperature, however higher soaking temperature and prolonged soaking time causes some losses of protein (%) and solid content (%) which are unfavorable for production of highly nutritious plant-based milk. Furthermore, in preparation of kenaf-based tofu, soaking temperature of seed also affected the properties of the tofu. As the soaking temperature was increased from 25–65°C, the yield, hardness, and chewiness of kenaf tofu decreased. It was recommended that soaking of kenaf seed at 25°C and the use of aluminum potassium salt at 1.00 g% as coagulant produces kenaf-based tofu with optimum quality.
Piezo-Optical Transducers in High Sensitive Strain Measurements
Authors: G. Paulish Andrey , S. Zagubisalo Peter , M. Churilov Sergey , N. Barakov Vladimir , A. Pavlov Mikhail , V. Poyarkov Alexander
Published: October 2020

New piezo-optical sensors based on the piezo-optical effect for high sensitive mechanical stress measurements have been proposed and developed. The piezo-optical method provides the highest sensitivity to strains compared to sensors based on any other physical principles. Piezo-optical sensors use materials whose parameters practically not change under load or over time, therefore piezo-optical sensors are devoid of the disadvantages inherent in strain-resistive and piezoelectric sensors, such as hysteresis, parameters degradation with time, small dynamic range, low sensitivity to strains, and high sensitivity to overloads. Accurate numerical simulation and experimental investigations of the piezo-optical transducer output signal formation made it possible to optimize its design and show that the its gauge factor is two to three orders of magnitude higher than the gauge factors of sensors of other types. The cruciform shape of the transducer photoelastic element made it possible to significantly increase the stresses in its working area at a given external force. Combining compactness, reliability, resistance to overloads, linearity and high sensitivity, in terms of the all set of these parameters, piezo-optical sensors significantly surpass the currently widely used strain-resistive, piezoelectric and fiber-optic sensors and open up new, previously inaccessible, possibilities in the tasks of measuring power loads.
Excited-State Dynamics of Organic Dyes in Solar Cells
Authors: M. El-Zohry Ahmed
Published: October 2020

Organic dyes are promising candidates for wide applications in solar cells, due to their controlled environmental impact, and low-cost. However, their performances in several solar cell architectures are not high enough to compete with the traditional semiconductor based solar cells. Therefore, several efforts should be gathered to improve the efficiency of these organic dyes. Herein, we discuss several deactivation processes recently found in several organic dyes using optical spectroscopic techniques. These processes are believed to be mostly detrimental for the performance of organic dyes in solar cells. These processes include deactivation phenomena such as isomerization, twisting, and chemical interactions with redox couple. Thus, based on similar studies, more optimized synthetic procedures for organic dyes could be implemented in the near future for high efficient solar cells based on organic dyes.
Telepathology Practice in Cancer Diagnosis in Saint Jean de Dieu Hospital - Tanguieta, Benin
Authors: Azakpa Assogba Léopold , Priuli Friar Florent , Ndayake Essodina , Ganhouingnon Eric , Gonzalez-Rodilla Irène , Tchaou Meheza Parfait , Zanin Tiziano
Published: October 2020

Context.—

Both the incidence of cancer and cancer-related mortality rates are high in sub-Saharan Africa, while resources for diagnosis and management are inadequate. In Benin, there is an extreme shortage of pathology services. Because of this shortage we built a histopathology laboratory equipped with an automated immunohistochemistry and a whole-slide imaging and telepathology system.

Objective.—

To report our experience of telepathology practice in the improvement of cancer diagnosis.

Design.—

The study was performed in our histopathology laboratory from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2018. Resident laboratory technicians were trained in the preparation of microscopic and virtual slides by European pathologists. Virtual slides were stored on a Web-accessible server area for reading by 21 telepathologists in Benin and Europe. All patients with a histologic diagnosis of cancer were included in this study. Demographic data of patients, anatomic site of cancer, its histologic type, and its histologic grade were recorded.

Results.—

We registered 399 patients diagnosed with cancer of 1593 patients whose surgical specimens had been analyzed. There were 349 adults including 160 males and 189 females, and 50 children (both sexes) with a mean age of 53.40 years, 46.92 years, and 9.72 years, respectively. Eighty-three of 211 females (39.34%) had infiltrating breast carcinoma, and 34 of 188 males (18.09%) had prostatic carcinoma. Infiltrating carcinoma of no special type represented 51 (91.07%) of all infiltrating breast carcinomas. Prostatic carcinoma and infiltrating breast carcinoma were of high grade in 13 of 23 males (56.52%) and 34 of 56 females (60.71%), respectively.

Conclusions.—

Telepathology is enabling a great improvement in cancer diagnosis in our hospital.
“O PREÇO DO PRECONCEITO NOS ‘COUROS’”: (DES)CONSTRUÇÕES ACERCA DA EDUCAÇÃO SEXUAL NA ESCOLA
Authors: Souza Elaine de Jesus , Silva Elânia Francisca da , Sousa José Felipe Alves , Rocha Eugerbia Paula da
Published: October 2020

A Educação Sexual constitui um processo contínuo e planejado que abrange distintas abordagens e metodologias acerca de sexualidade, corpo e gênero. Este trabalho engloba relatos de um projeto de extensão desenvolvido com cerca de 206 estudantes do Ensino Fundamental e Ensino Médio em três escolas da rede pública (uma municipal e duas estaduais) do Ceará, que teve como principal objetivo incorporar a Educação Sexual numa perspectiva sociocultural, nos currículos escolares e acadêmicos, por meio de ações pedagógicas que ultrapassam as abordagens biológico-higienistas. As estratégias didático-metodológicas utilizadas nos 15 encontros foram grupos focais organizados em minicursos, oficinas de zines, problematização de artefatos culturais, jogos e rodas de conversas acerca das temáticas da Educação Sexual. Os/as estudantes tiveram a oportunidade de expor opiniões, dúvidas e sugerir temas para serem debatidos. Assim, evidenciamos a necessidade de discutir, de modo contínuo e sistemático, essas temáticas na escola, instigando os/as alunos/as a desconstruírem preconceitos e discriminações acerca das identidades e diferenças sexuais e de gênero.
Sig mig *hva' som* jeg skal gøre med sætningsskemaet: De indledende pladser i nudanske indirekte spørgesætninger
Authors: Kratschmer Alexandra R. , Jørgensen Henrik
Published: October 2020

This paper discusses the structure of indirect question clauses in Danish. The construction is well-described in the literature, at least as far as the norm language is concerned. However, there is quite an amount of variation in certain syntactic contexts. Some of these have been touched upon in the literature, but not all. The interesting point concerning indirect question clauses in Danish is that their structure seems to be opaque even to language users normally associated with norm-obedience or even norm-setting. When clues like interpunctuation and vicarious subjects are considered, the structure of such sentences seems comparable to the structures of the other Mainland Scandinavian languages, Norwegian and Swedish.
'Override'-refleksiver i dansk og engelsk
Authors: Sørensen Sara , Ehlers Katrine Rosendal , Vikner Sten
Published: October 2020

‘Override’ reflexives in Danish and English Surprisingly, English allows

(i) Peter’s behaviour only damages himself.(ii) Peter doesn’t realise that such behaviour only damages himself.

although himself does not refer to the subject (i.e. Peter’s behaviour/such behaviour). Far from all clauses allow himself to not refer to the subject, and therefore himself in (i-ii) is often called an ‘override’ reflexive. We suggest that ‘override’ reflexives are the combination of nonreflexive him with the intensifier himself, and that this is then ‘shortened’ from him himself to himself. In Danish, the combination of the corresponding pronoun ham with the corresponding intensifier selv results in the Danish ‘override’ reflexive ham selv. This paper will show how Danish having two versions of ham selv and English two versions of himself fits into the general reflexive systems of the two languages. The analysis will be held up against data from the major corpora: KorpusDK, BNC and COCA.
Dlaczego kotwica kotwiczy? Przegląd mechanizmów i zasad działania heurystyki zakotwiczenia
Authors: Tomczak Paweł
Published: October 2020

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przegląd wiedzy dotyczącej heurystyki zakotwiczenia. Mimo silnego ugruntowania empirycznego wytłumaczenia efektu zakotwiczenia nie można sprowadzić do działania jednego mechanizmu psychologicznego. W pierwszej części artykułu zostaną omówione klasyczne mechanizmy kotwiczenia – mechanizm niewystarczającego dopasowania i model selektywnej dostępności. Przeanalizowane będą również alternatywne podejścia teoretyczne do wytłumaczenia tego efektu. W drugiej – procedury eksperymentalne wykorzystywane do badania efektu kotwiczenia. Według literatury kluczowe aspekty determinujące skuteczność kotwiczenia to m.in. ilość zasobów uwagowych poświęconych wartości kotwiczącej i spójność kotwicy z celem szacowania. Jednakże zestawienie zasad kotwiczenia z rezultatami eksperymentów wykorzystujących różne procedury wyraźnie pokazuje, że zasady te nie mają charakteru uniwersalnego. Wskazane problemy natury teoretycznej stanowią propozycję kierunku dalszych badań nastawionych na ujęcie efektu zakotwiczenia w ramach jednego mechanizmu psychologicznego.
Homes for the Aged: a study of a Health Region in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Pascotini Fernanda dos Santos , Nazario Camila Gomes , Rosa Rafaela Rossini , Da Silva Rosane Seeger , Fedosse Elenir
Published: October 2020

Introduction: With the aging of the population, the demand for Homes for the Aged (HFAs) grows. Objective: To analyze resources and population of HFAs and to check the fulfillment of the criteria from the national regulations. Methods: Descriptive quantitative study including 11 philanthropic HFAs in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data was collected through a questionnaire applied to the responsible for the facility. Results: The study comprised 318 workers and 522 elders. HFAs presented: some accommodations without private bathrooms (100%); external area and administrative office (72.7%); cafeteria and support room (54.5%); ecumenical room (36.4%); rooms with more than four beds (45.5%). The prevailing reasons for admission were brought by family member (69.2%); social vulnerability (36.4%). Death was the main reason for leaving the facility. The average age of elders was 76.8 years, 58.4% were women. The dependence grade was I for 31.1%; II for 33.9%; and III for 35%. Leisure and cultural activities occurred in 72.7% of HFAs. In 27.3% there were records of visits. Only 9.1% had cooperation from families. Available human resources were nurses (72.7%); physicians and nursing assistants (63.3%); physical therapists (45.5%); psychologists (36.4%); caregivers (27.3%); occupational therapists (9.1%). In 63.3% of facilities, workers carried out mixed activities. The costs were covered by retirement pensions, partnerships, and donations. The main obstacles were financial resources or dependence on donations and rigorous health surveillance or compliance with standards. Conclusion: The HFAs partially fulfill the national criteria, impairing the quality of care provided to elders.
Trends in case-fatality rates of COVID-19 in the World, between 2019 - 2020
Authors: Bernal Henrique de Moraes , Siqueira Carlos Eduardo , Adami Fernando , Santos Edige Felipe de Sousa
Published: October 2020

Introduction: CoV infections can potentially cause from a simple cold to a severe respiratory syndrome, such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV). The COVID-19 created a new reality for global healthcare models.
Objetive: To evaluate trends in case fatality rates of COVID-19 in the World.
Methods: We conducted a population based time-series study using public and official data of cases and deaths from COVID-19 in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, France, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Morocco, New Zealand, Nigeria, Peru, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States and Russian, between December, 2019 and August, 2020. Data were based on reports from European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. COVID-19 was defined by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (U07.1). A Prais-Winsten regression model was performed and the Daily Percentage Change (DPC) calculated determine rates as increasing, decreasing or flat.
Results: During the study period, trends in case-fatality rates in the world were flat (DPC = 0.3; CI 95% [-0.2: 0.7]; p = 0.225). In Africa, Morocco had decreasing trends (DPC = -1.1; CI 95% [-1.5: -0.7]; p < 0.001), whereas it were increasing in South Africa (p < 0.05) and flat in Nigeria (p > 0.05). In the Americas, Argentina showed a decreasing trend in case-fatality rates (DPC = -0.6; CI 95% [-1.1: -0.2]; p = 0.005), the U.S. had flat trends (p > 0.05) and all other American countries had increasing trends (p < 0.05). In Asia, Iran had decreasing trends (DPC = -1.5; CI 95% [-2.6 : -0.2]; p = 0.019); China and Saudi Arabia showed increasing trends (p < 0.05), while in India, Japan and South Korea they were flat (p > 0.05). European countries had mostly increasing trends (p < 0.05): Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK and Russia; France and Switzerland had flat trends (p > 0.05). Finally, in Oceania, trends in case-fatality rates were flat in Australia (p > 0.05) and increasing in New Zealand (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Trends in case-fatality rates of COVID-19 in the World were flat between December, 31 and August, 31. Argentina, Iran and Morocco were the only countries with decreasing trends. On the other hand, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, China, Saudi Arabia, Germany, Spain, United Kingdom, Russian and New Zealand had increasing trends in case-fatality rate. All the other countries analyzed had flat trends. Based on case-fatality rate data, our study supports that COVID-19 pandemic is still in progress worldwide.
Stage to Change Eating behavior and physical activity among adolescents with an excess body mass: impact on metabolic profile
Authors: Bolognese Marciele Alves , Silva Danilo Fernandes da , Bianchini Josiane Aparecida Alves , Benemmamm Rose Mari , Nardo Junior Nelson
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Obesity in children and adolescents is usuallyrelated to metabolic alterations, and intervention programs are one of the strategies for the treatment of obesity and associated comorbidities. At the beginning of the intervention, the stages of readiness to change behavior indicate specific habits that the teenager plans to modify or not, and how long he or she intends to make the alterations.
Objective: To assess the metabolic profile and their association with the stages of readiness to change eating habits and exercise behaviors in adolescents with overweight.
Methods: Eighty-three adolescents with excess body weight underwent an assessment of anthropometric variables and metabolic profile (glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, non-HDL-c, VLDL, triglycerides, insulin). Besides, the stages of readiness to change behaviors for “size and amount of portions,” “amount of fat in the diet,” fruits and vegetable consumption,” and “physical activity practice,” anthropometric variables and metabolic profile were compared according to the stages of change.
Results: About “fruits and vegetable consumption,” adolescents in the Maintenance group presented lower body weight than those from Action and Preparation groups. The Action group presented higher body weight than group “Contemplation” and it showed higher non-HDL-cholesterol than the groups “Pre-contemplation” and “Preparation.” In “physical activity practice,” the Maintenance group presented lower body weight, Body Mass Index, and body fat (in kg) than Action, Preparation, and Contemplation groups. The alterations in HDL-cholesterol reduced as the stages of change progressed in the “physical activity practice” domain.
Conclusion: The stages of readiness to change behaviors impact anthropometric and metabolic variables in adolescents with excess body weight, and it is a recommended instrument to monitor intervention programs.
Preconception care to improve pregnancy outcomes: clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Atrash Hani , Jack Brian
Published: October 2020

Introduction: There is scientific evidence that the health of women before pregnancy contributes to the maternal and infant outcomes of pregnancy. There is also scientific evidence that the health of women of reproductive age may be improved through the provision of Preconception Care (PCC). Preconception care includes interventions to assess, identify, address, and modify a woman’s health conditions and risks to ensure that these health conditions and risks do not negatively affect the outcome of her pregnancy. Many of the medical conditions, environmental exposures, personal behaviors, and psychosocial risks associated with negative pregnancy outcomes have been identified and there are recommendations for including these conditions in PCC services.
Objective: Our purpose is to present a tool for clinical care providers involved in delivering PCC services. We try to answer the following questions: what do providers actually do when a woman of reproductive age arrives at their offices? What questions to ask? What examinations to conduct? What laboratory tests to perform? And, what education and counselling to offer?
Methods: We reviewed published and un-published literature related to the scientific evidence for the effectiveness of PCC in improving pregnancy outcomes. We searched PubMed for published articles, and we searched the internet for unpublished reports prepared by international organizations such as the World Health Organization and reports from governmental agencies. We summarized the information and presented a comprehensive overview of actions that providers should take to address various risk behaviors, exposures and health conditions.
Results: Several scientists, countries, and international organizations have proposed answers to the above questions. However, there has been no consistency and there is not a single publication that includes a comprehensive compilation of the proposed actions. We summarized the recommended actions that clinical care providers should take in addressing various health conditions, risk behaviors, and exposures.
Conclusion: It is recommended that all providers screen all women for their intentions to become pregnant and to provide them with appropriate services. Women should be referred to specialized care when risk behaviors and medical conditions that go beyond the skills and abilities of the primary care provider are identified.
Punição física em casa e reprovação escolar relacionadas ao bullying
Authors: Zequinão Marcela Almeida , Oliveira Wanderlei Abadio de , Medeiros Pâmella de , Cidade Paola , Pereira Beatriz , Cardoso Fernando Luiz
Published: October 2020

Backgroung: Several situations can affect the development and health of school children and adolescents. Bullying, characterized by a set of aggressive, intentional and repetitive behaviors, marked by the imbalance of power between victims and bullies, is one of the most serious problems in this sense, as it occurs in a context in which security and sociability are assumed. Therefore, this study was developed to expand the understanding about this phenomenon,contemplating variables ignored in many studies (family interactions, modes of discipline and school failure).
Objective: To analyze the participation of students in bullying situations and their experiences of vulnerability “to be beaten at home” and “grade retention”.
 
Methods: the study consisted of 409 students from the 3rd to the 7th grades of Brazilian Elementary Education of two public schools. The data were collected through a questionnaire instrument with structured questions with the purpose of describing the possible roles of participation in bullying and characterizing the students regardingthe context of social vulnerability in which they were. Vulnerability indicators were considered: per capita income, schooling of the adult population, housing conditions and crime / violence indices. Two schools were the research scenario. Data were analyzed using inferential statistics using the Chi-square test to verify the associationbetween the variables, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis for comparison between groups.
 
Results: to be beaten at home was associated with the students’ involvement in bullying situations as victims, bullies and bully-victims. These students also differed in relation to years of grade retention and frequency of physical punishment when compared to students not involved in bullying situations. Students classified as bullyvictimsdemonstrated greater vulnerability in relation to the variables investigated. There were no significant differences in the comparison between participants’ sex and involvement in bullying situations.
Conclusion: It was observed that physical punishment used as a home discipline strategy and school failure are factors that increase students’ vulnerability to bullying or victimization. The data indicate that it is necessary to include families in anti-bullying intervention actions. At the same time, it must be considered that this inclusion should not be restricted to the field of education or school. It is necessary to think in an intersectoral way, especially including thefamily health teams that have moments with the families and that can be used to think about discipline techniques and how children, children and adolescents are disciplined at home.
Structural insight into toxin secretion by contact-dependent growth inhibition transporters
Authors: Guerin Jeremy , Botos Istvan , Zhang Zijian , Lundquist Karl , Gumbart James C , Buchanan Susan K
Published: October 2020

Bacterial contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI) systems use a type Vb secretion mechanism to export large CdiA toxins across the outer membrane by dedicated outer membrane transporters called CdiB. Here, we report the first crystal structures of two CdiB transporters from Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli. CdiB transporters adopt a TpsB fold, containing a 16-stranded transmembrane β-barrel connected to two periplasmic domains. The lumen of the CdiB pore is occluded by an N-terminal α-helix and the conserved extracellular loop 6; these two elements adopt different conformations in the structures. We identified a conserved DxxG motif located on strand β1 that connects loop 6 through different networks of interactions. Structural modifications of DxxG induce rearrangement of extracellular loops and alter interactions with the N-terminal α-helix, preparing the system for α-helix ejection. Using structural biology, functional assays, and molecular dynamics simulations, we show how the barrel pore is primed for CdiA toxin secretion.
¿Coordinadores discontinuos en español? Problemas de análisis de los correlativos disyuntivos y copulativos
Authors:   Universidad de Jaén (España), Conti Jiménez Carmen
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se pretende demostrar que la primera partícula de las secuencias o… o y ni… ni del español, que se ha analizado tradicionalmente como coordinador o parte de un coordinador discontinuo, muestra pautas de comportamiento gramatical, pragmático y prosódico propias de las partículas correlativas focales de otras lenguas. Con este fin, este artículo, que se basa en el análisis de ejemplos extraídos del Corpus del Español del Siglo XXI para el español europeo, gira en torno a dos ejes fundamentales: de una parte, la presentación de los patrones distribucionales y de combinatoria que desaconsejan el análisis de estas formas como coordinadores y, de otra, la demostración de que tanto esos patrones como otros adicionales son prueba de la naturaleza correlativa y focal de estas partículas.