bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated oxygen administration versus manual control in acute cardiovascular care: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Taraldsen Ida Arentz , Grand Johannes , Lukoschewitz Jasmin Dam , Seven Ekim , Dixen Ulrik , Petersen Morten , Rytoft Laura , Jakobsen Marie Munk , Hansen Ejvind Frausing , Hove Jens Dahlgaard
Published: November 2024

Background

Oxygen therapy is commonly administered to patients with acute cardiovascular conditions during hospitalisation. Both hypoxaemia and hyperoxia can cause harm, making it essential to maintain oxygen saturation (SpO2) within a target range. Traditionally, oxygen administration is manually controlled by nursing staff, guided by intermittent pulse oximetry readings. This study aimed to compare standard manual oxygen administration with automated oxygen administration (AOA) using the O2matic device.

Methods

In this randomised controlled trial, 60 patients admitted to a cardiac department with an acute cardiovascular condition requiring oxygen therapy were randomised to either standard care (manual oxygen administration) or AOA via the O2matic device. The primary outcome was the percentage of time spent within the desired SpO2range (92%–96% or 94%–98%) over 24 hours.

Results

Patients had a mean age of 75.8±12.4 years, with an average SpO2of 93%. Those in the AOA group (n=25) spent significantly more time within the target SpO2range (median 87.0% vs 60.6%, p<0.001) compared with the standard care group (n=28). Time spent below the desired SpO2range was significantly lower in the AOA group (7.9% vs 33.6%, p<0.001). No significant differences in time spent above the desired SpO2range were observed between the two groups.

Conclusions

AOA with the O2matic device is superior to standard manual control in maintaining SpO2within the target range in patients hospitalised with acute cardiovascular conditions. The automated systems significantly reduce the time spent in hypoxaemia without increasing hyperoxia.

Trial registration number

NCT05452863.
Prevalence and relevance of H558R in the efficacy and toxicity of flecainide in patients with atrial fibrillation: a cohort study
Authors: Trincado Ave Mauro , Brion Maria , Blanco-Verea Alejandro , Tilves Carlos , Pérez Hermilla Martin , Minguito Carazo Carlos , Garcia Seara Javier , González-Juanatey Jose Ramon , Rodriguez-Mañero Moisés
Published: November 2024

Background

The SCN5A gene polymorphism histidine-558-to-arginine (H558R) has been associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) and may affect the therapeutic effects of flecainide. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of the H558R polymorphism in a European cohort of patients with AF and examine its association with flecainide’s effects on AF recurrence and toxicity.

Methods

This cohort study included patients diagnosed with AF and prescribed flecainide between 2017 and 2021 in a regional health area. Patients without the polymorphism (H558R−/−) were compared with heterozygous patients (H558R+/−) for a primary outcome of combined 6-month AF recurrence or toxicity. Secondary analyses evaluated the long-term outcomes and compared the prevalence of H558R in the AF cohort to a general population sample (n=3401).

Results

A total of 104 patients were enrolled, with 57% H558R−/−, 37% H558R+/− and 6% H558R+/+. The prevalence of the H558R polymorphism was significantly higher in the AF cohort than in the general population (43.27% vs 24.37%, prevalence ratio 1.78, 95% CI 1.41 to 2.23, p<0.01). H558R+/− patients had a significantly lower risk of 6-month AF recurrence or toxicity (p=0.023, risk ratio 0.423, 95% CI 0.189 to 0.947), corresponding to an absolute risk difference of 21.5%. These findings were similar in the multivariable analysis. In long-term follow-up, H558R+/− patients continued to demonstrate a lower risk of AF recurrence or toxicity (p=0.039, HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.276 to 0.999).

Conclusions

The H558R polymorphism is more prevalent in patients with AF compared with the general population and its presence is associated with a more favourable response to flecainide treatment.
Resistance training, skeletal muscle hypertrophy, and glucose homeostasis: how related are they? A Systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Paquin J. , Tremblay R. , Islam H. , Riesco E. , Marcotte-Chénard A. , Dionne I.J.
Published: November 2024

Resistance training (RT) promotes skeletal muscle (Skm) hypertrophy, increases muscular strength, and improves metabolic health. Whether changes in fat-free mass (FFM; a surrogate marker of muscle hypertrophy) moderate RT-induced improvements in glucose homeostasis has not been determined, despite extensive research on the benefits of RT for health and performance. The aim of this meta-analysis is to examine whether RT-induced Skm hypertrophy drives improvements in glucose metabolism and to explore confounders, such as biological sex and training parameters. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed using variance random effects. Meta-regressions were performed for confounding factors depending on the heterogeneity ( I2). Analyses from 33 intervention studies revealed significant within-study increases in FFM with a moderate effect size (within-studies: (effect size; ES = 0.24 [0.10; 0.39]; p = 0.002; I2 = 56%) and a tendency for significance when compared with control groups (ES = 0.42 [−0.04–0.88]; p = 0.07). Within-study significant increases in glucose tolerance (2 h glucose: ES = −0.3 [−0.50; −0.11]; p < 0.01; I2 = 43%; glucose area under the curve (AUC): −0.40 [−0.66; −0.13] I2 = 76.1%; p < 0.01) and insulin sensitivity (ES = 0.38 [0.13; 0.62]; I2 = 53.0%; p < 0.01) were also apparent with RT. When compared to control groups, there was no significant difference in 2 h glucose, nor in glucose AUC from baseline in RT intervention groups. Meta-regression analyses failed to consistently reveal increases in FFM as a moderator of glucose homeostasis. Other mixed-effect models were also unsuccessful to unveil biological sex or training parameters as moderators of FFM increases and glucose homeostasis changes. Although Skm hypertrophy and improvements in glycemic control occur concurrently during RT, changes in these variables were not always related. Well-controlled trials including detailed description of training parameters are needed to inform RT guidelines for improving metabolic health. Registration and protocol number (Prospero): CRD42023397362.
A new species of Acossus Dyar (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) establishes diurnal flight in New World carpenter-moths
Authors: Schmidt B. Christian , Jaeger Christi M.
Published: November 2024

Synthetic pheromones formulated for Acossus centerensis Lintner, 1877 led to the discovery of a new taxonomically cryptic species, Acossus boreocryptus Schmidt & Jaeger sp. nov. Adult males were active only during the daytime, exceptional among cossid moths, and the first documented case of diurnality in New World Cossidae. Males were attracted to lures baited with (E,E) 3,5-tetradecadienyl acetate (EE-TDDA). The larval host plant of A. boreocryptus is trembling aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx., but the immature stages remain undescribed. Acossus boreocryptus is the smallest species in the genus, distinguished from its sister species A. centerensis by adult morphology, mtDNA barcode, male diurnal activity, and seasonal phenology.
Geology, geochemistry and zircon SHRIMP U–Pb geochronology of Mesoarchean high-Mg granitoids: constraints on petrogenesis, emplacement timing and deformation of the Água Limpa suite in the Carajás Province, SE Amazonian Craton
Authors: Nascimento Aline Costa do , Oliveira Davis Carvalho de , Gabriel Eleilson Oliveira , Leite-Santos Pablo José
Published: November 2024

Determining the age, geochemical characteristics and conditions of deformation of Mesoarchean sanukitoids is crucial in unravelling the petrogenesis and tectonic significance of mantle-derived rocks. We report the whole-rock major and trace element contents, zircon U–Pb geochronology and geochemical modelling of samples from the Água Limpa sanukitoid suite in the Sapucaia subdomain (the Carajás Province, Amazonian Craton). This suite includes two plutons, named Água Limpa and Água Azul, which are exposed across east–west transpressive sinistral shear zones that act as boundaries between the Rio Maria and Carajás domains. These plutons are composed of porphyritic granodiorites, tonalites and subordinate monzogranites, with amphibole, biotite and epidote as the main mafic mineral components. They are characterized by high contents of Cr (102–383 ppm), Ni (32–117 ppm), MgO (2.50–4.78 wt%), Sr (477–912 ppm) and Ba (519–1966 ppm), with high Mg# values of 49–64. The rare earth element patterns show significant fractionation of the heavy rare earth elements, with high La
N
/Yb
N
(18–170) ratios and no or weak Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* 0.66–1.21). The studied rocks are predominantly medium-K, calc-alkaline and metaluminous, and are geochemically distinct from tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorites (TTGs) and Archean leucogranodiorites. The Água Limpa and Água Azul plutons yield coeval crystallization ages of 2870 ± 4 and 2872 ± 5 Ma, respectively, with other zircon population ages of 3063 ± 6, 2926 ± 12 and 2849 ± 12 Ma. The first of these other zircon populations is interpreted as xenocrysts, the second as crystals inherited from the modelled TTG-type source and the third as crystals reflecting the age of metamorphism. Most of the suite fractionated from a common mafic parent through 20% partial melting of a mantle previously enriched by 32% TTG-type melt in the garnet stability zone and under oxidized conditions. The combined dataset indicates that the studied sanukitoids are syntectonic intrusions, with distinct pulses of magma transfer facilitated by shear zone reactivation and subordinate small-scale dyking.
Long-Run Asset Returns
Authors: Chambers David , Dimson Elroy , Ilmanen Antti , Rintamäki Paul
Published: November 2024

The literature on long-run asset returns has continued to grow steadily, particularly since the start of the new millennium. We survey this expanding body of evidence on historical return premia across the major asset classes—stocks, bonds, and real assets—over the very long run. In addition, we discuss the benefits and pitfalls of these long-run data sets and make suggestions on best practice in compiling and using such data. We report the magnitude of these risk premia over the current and previous two centuries, and we compare estimates from alternative data compilers. We conclude by proposing some promising directions for future research.
Reconstructing the Historical Structure of the Bantu Language Family: Old Challenges, New Insights
Authors: Yanovich Igor
Published: November 2024

Recent publications in historical linguistics tend to express a near certainty about the structure of the Bantu language family and explicitly draw on archaeological and genetic studies as support for the emerging historical scenario of the Bantu expansion. In this review, I explain that the actual empirical picture is far more complicated and uncertain. A detailed examination of linguistic, archaeological, and genetic data reveals common faulty assumptions and misinterpretations and shows that no coherent narrative of Bantu history can be supported by the data at the moment. At the same time, the open questions and contradictions challenge us to move away from simplistic answers and to look for fine detail when analyzing the history of Bantu-speaking Africa: Many facts are in fact certain; they just do not fall neatly into the existing models.
Reduced microvascular flow-mediated dilation in Syrian hamsters lacking δ-sarcoglycan is caused by increased oxidative stress
Authors: Richard Alexis , Bocquet Arnaud , Belin de Chantemèle Eric , Retailleau Kevin , Toutain Bertrand , Mongue-Din Héloïse , Guihot Anne-Laure , Fassot Céline , Fromes Yves , Henrion Daniel , Loufrani Laurent
Published: November 2024

This study suggests that the sarcoglycan complex is selectively involved in flow-mediated dilation, thus highlighting its role in endothelial responsiveness to shear stress and amplifying tissue damage in myopathy.
Creating diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility statements for your CV: a resource guide to effectiveness and comprehensiveness
Authors: Moreira-Bouchard Jesse D. , Cunha Jason , Tao Brian S. , Kim Hahnbie , Lepson Joshua , Nessen Evan J. , Milstone Zachary J. , Fisher Nathaniel , Clinton Nancy , Roberts Lisa M. , Serrano Maria A. , Gopal Deepa M. , Benjamin Emelia J. , So-Armah Kaku , Fetterman Jessica L.
Published: November 2024

Diversity in academic medicine and research enhances the quality of the science produced and the efficacy of patient care. Diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA) statements have recently been suggested or required by academic job postings as a way to measure candidate’s commitments to fostering DEIA in their role. In this perspective, we discuss steps to craft effective DEIA statements that convey your actions in, and commitment to, DEIA. We recognize that mandating DEIA statements may actually result in inauthentic or disingenuous statements and offer solutions to encouraging academics to arrive at a meaningful statement that represents their own perspectives on diversity. Last, we provide examples of DEIA statements from three academics at different career points.
Multidirectional blood flow in the femoral artery via vector flow imaging: Doppler ultrasound imaging insights
Authors: Cohen Jeremy N. , Jasiak Jessica N. , Nahas Hassan , Yu Alfred C. H. , Au Jason S.
Published: November 2024

Current ultrasound scanning guidelines to avoid multidirectional flow contamination in the femoral artery of 2–3 cm lack supporting evidence. We used vector flow imaging to report the multidirectional flow length during rest and manipulation of downstream vessel resistance in males and females. We suggest measurements at least 3.5 cm upstream from the femoral bifurcation to minimize multidirectional flows. This study also supports reliability of vector flow imaging for femoral artery assessments, with good-to-excellent reproducibility of results.
Coffee Green Bean Defect Detection Method Based on an Improved YOLOv8 Model
Authors: Ji Yuanhao , Xu Jinpu , Yan Beibei
Published: November 2024

This research is aimed at addressing the significant challenges of detecting and classifying green coffee beans, with a particular focus on identifying defective coffee beans—an important task for improving coffee quality and market value. The main challenge is to accurately detect small and visually subtle defects in coffee beans in real‐world production environments with a large number of beans, varying lighting conditions, and complex backgrounds. To address these challenges, we propose a YOLOv8n‐based object detection model that employs several innovative strategies aimed at improving detection performance and robustness.

Our research includes the introduction of WIoUv3 and the development of the Atn‐C3Ghost module, which integrates the ECA mechanism with the C3Ghost module to refine the feature extraction and improve the accuracy of the model.

In order to validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we conducted comprehensive comparison and ablation experiments. In addition, we compared the C3Ghost structure in combination with various attentional mechanisms to determine their impact on the model’s detection ability. We also conducted ablation studies to evaluate the respective contributions of WIoUv3, ECA, and C3Ghost to overall model performance.

The experimental results show that the YOLOv8n‐based model enhanced with WIoUv3, ECA, and C3Ghost achieves an accuracy of 99.0% in detecting green coffee beans, which is significantly better than other YOLO models. This study not only provides a practical solution for green coffee bean detection but also provides a valuable framework for addressing similar challenges in other small object detection tasks.
Detection and Theoretical Numerical Simulation of the Failure Depth of the Bottom Plate in Belt Pressure Mining
Authors: Cui Xipeng , Gu Shuancheng , Li Jinhua , Wen Jiahao , Zhao Kailei , Liu Xinlei
Published: November 2024

Aiming at the problems of safety production cost caused by the increase of mining face width and pressure mining in Xizhuo Coal Mine in Chenghe Mining area, a mechanical model of floor plastic slip failure is established based on the theory of plastic slip line, and the difference between it and the traditional floor failure model is analyzed. The damaged contour line of the support stress and lateral support stress on the bottom plate through the advancing direction of the working face is the intersection line of a straight line and an arc line. The failure of the floor caused by lateral supporting stress is the failure of the floor again on the basis of the failure of the floor in the advancing direction of the working face, and there is a superimposed failure area. The analysis of the failure form of the stope floor by this mechanical model is closer to the engineering practice. By using “ultrasonic detection method + stress monitoring inverse analysis method,” the measured data such as disturbance failure depth and distribution law of large mining width working face were obtained. The test method used in this paper is relatively rare in the monitoring of the depth of floor disturbance failure at home and abroad. Considering that the traditional pressure water test method has disadvantages such as easy collapse hole, long period, and large error in monitoring the failure rule of deep floor rock mass, the embedded stress monitoring and reverse analysis method and ultrasonic detection method are used to successfully collect and real‐time monitor the data of rock floor before, during and after mining in the lower part of wide mining face of Xizhuo Coal Mine for the first time, and several effective data are obtained, which solves the three‐part “spatial‐time” all‐round floor disturbance and failure law field measurement which cannot be realized by traditional testing technology. By comparing the results of theoretical analysis, field measurement, and numerical simulation, the law and depth of floor disturbance failure of a 240‐m wide mining face in the Chenghe mining area are obtained for the first time, which provides scientific guidance for floor water disaster induced by coal seam mining under similar conditions in the future and has an important reference role for the prevention and control of Ordovician ash water disaster in coal mining. It provides important technical parameters for the safe setting of the effective water barrier layer and the selection and timing of the grouting layer of the floor, which can bring considerable economic and social benefits. The research results have important popularization value.
Patient Awareness, Education, and Support for Atopic Dermatitis in Egypt and Lebanon: Results of a Physician Survey and Social Analytics
Authors: ElSayed Mahira , Ragab Magdy , El Khoury Jinane , Kurban Mazen , Ghoubar Marcelle , Hassan Nehal
Published: November 2024

Background and Aim: Atopic dermatitis (AD) impacts the quality of life of patients and their families. This survey‐based study aimed to understand the perspectives of physicians in Egypt and Lebanon regarding available educational initiatives and support programs for patients with AD, which was complemented by the social analytics study, offering a more comprehensive understanding of the perceptions of AD among social media users.

Methods: The survey included 200 physicians, comprising primary care physicians, family medicine physicians, pediatricians, and dermatologists from Egypt and Lebanon. The social analytics study leveraged artificial intelligence to analyze 100 million websites across the region, identifying mentions of AD‐related terminologies.

Results: The physician survey uncovered gaps in AD awareness and education in Egypt and Lebanon, with limited educational initiatives and digital applications available for patients. The perceptions of physicians varied regarding the use of telemedicine in dermatological disease management. According to the social analytics study, online discussions about AD predominantly originated from Egypt, featuring educational content on causes, diagnosis, management, and AD patient journey. Discussions included news about training programs, AD‐related healthcare initiatives, and drug approvals. Some authors, beauty clinics, and manufacturers actively promoted their services and products. Patients actively engaged in online discussions on self‐care and natural remedies, sharing their experiences of living with AD. Notably, there were substantial volumes of incorrect and inaccurate information being shared and promoted by some authors.

Conclusion: Education about AD is crucial for patients and healthcare professionals. While social media offers opportunities for increased patient engagement, the prevalence of misinformation poses a significant challenge. Addressing issues related to education and discerning misinformation is essential for achieving optimal outcomes in the management of AD within the region.
Effects of Resistant Starch Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters and Oxidative Stress in C57BL/6 Mice Fed With a High‐Fat Diet
Authors: Holland Héric , Bezan Priscila Nogueira , Vercesi Bárbara Ferreira , Ovídio Paula Payão , Ramalho Leandra Náira Zambelli , Jordão Alceu Afonso
Published: November 2024

Resistant starch is a type of dietary fiber with prebiotic properties, potential action on intestinal permeability, and an effect on decreasing glycemic levels, presenting therapeutic potential for issues stemming from excess body fat and associated comorbidities, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Sixty C57BL/6 mice were allocated to the following diets for 4 months: control (C), normolipid rich in fiber (F), normolipid supplemented with resistant starch (RS), high fat (HL), HL rich in fiber (HLF), and HL supplemented with resistant starch (HLRS). The following parameters were analyzed: animal weight, body composition, food intake, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, hepatic and intestinal histology, hepatic and intestinal oxidative stress, and assessment of short‐chain fatty acids in feces. Long‐term supplementation with high doses of resistant starch effectively reduced body weight gain and decreased liver and retroperitoneal adipose tissue weights, blood glucose levels, alanine aminotransferase, and serum triglycerides. Intestinal histology showed that the high‐fat diet increased the total diameter of the intestinal lumen (846.81 ± 7.82) and reduced enteric muscle thickness (8.51 ± 0.51), while resistant starch supplementation effectively improved these parameters (658.01 ± 3.82; 30.56 ± 0.66), also increased butyrate production, and reduced oxidative stress in the intestine. Resistant starch supplementation was effective in reducing weight, adiposity, and NAFLD in mice with diet‐induced obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS).
Chronic Patellar Dislocation Treated With Extensive Lateral Release and Vastus Medialis Obliquus Advancement: A Case Report
Authors: Kelly Shayne R. , Daniel Adam V. , Smith Patrick A.
Published: November 2024

The following case report demonstrates a case of a chronic irreducible patellar dislocation, age‐indeterminate associated with a large medial patellar avulsion fracture that was treated with a vastus medialis obliquus advancement following an extensive lateral release. This case is the only known report of this kind in the literature. The patient is a 41‐year‐old Caucasian female who presented to the clinic with an age‐indeterminate, chronically dislocated patella. She has a past medical history of hypertension and ischemic stroke 1 year prior to presentation, leading to expressive aphasia and lower extremity weakness in addition to patellar instability dating back to age 13. An unsuccessful patellofemoral reduction was performed at an outside clinic, and she was placed in a knee immobilizer and referred to our office. Clinically, the patient had limited knee range of motion with a fixed lateral patellar dislocation that was confirmed on imaging. This case report demonstrates a surgical reduction technique that can be utilized by orthopedic surgeons for chronic patellar dislocations that are not amenable to routine patellar instability surgeries due to the contraction of surrounding soft tissue, chronic bone abnormalities, and position of the chronic dislocation. An extensive lateral release followed by vastus medialis obliquus advancement was performed to center the patella within the trochlear groove and to allow for stable articulation throughout range of motion. The patient was able to regain painless, full range of motion of her knee postoperatively with patellar stability noted on both physical exam and radiographic imaging.
SFIA: Toward a Generalized Semantic‐Agnostic Method for Fake Image Attribution
Authors: Ke Jianpeng , Wang Lina , Liu Jiatong , Fu Jie
Published: November 2024

The proliferation of photorealistic images synthesized by generative adversarial networks (GANs) has posed serious threats to society. Therefore a new challenge task, named image attribution, is arising to attribute fake images to a specific GAN. However, existing approaches focus on model‐specific features but neglect the misguidance of semantic‐relevant features in image attribution, which leads to a significant performance decrease in cross‐dataset evaluation. To tackle the above problem, we propose a semantic‐agnostic fake image attribution (SFIA) method, which effectively distinguishes fake images by disentangling the GANs fingerprint and semantic‐relevant features in latent space. Specifically, we design a semantic eliminator based on residual block with skip connections that take images as input and outputs GAN fingerprint features. A classifier with an attention module for feature refinement is introduced to make the final decision. In addition, we develop a well‐trained reconstructor and classifier which supervise the semantic eliminator to achieve semantic‐agnostic feature extraction. Moreover, we propose an improved data augmentation combined with meta‐learning to enhance the model’s generalization in detecting unseen image categories. Comprehensive experiments on various datasets, namely, CelebA, LSUN‐church, and LSUN‐bedroom, demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed SFIA. It achieves over 95% accuracy on three datasets and exhibits superior performance in terms of generalization to unseen data.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Upgrading of Grade Group 1 Prostate Cancer at Prostatectomy: Germline Risk Factors in a Prospective Cohort
Authors: Liss Michael A. , Zeltser Nicole , Zheng Yingye , Lopez Camden , Liu Menghan , Patel Yash , Yamaguchi Takafumi N. , Eng Stefan E. , Tian Mao , Semmes Oliver J. , Lin Daniel W. , Brooks James D. , Wei John T. , Klein Eric A. , Tewari Ashutosh K. , Mosquera Juan Miguel , Khani Francesca , Robinson Brian D. , Aasad Muhammad , Troyer Dean A. , Kagan Jacob , Sanda Martin G. , Thompson Ian M. , Boutros Paul C. , Leach Robin J.
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Figure 3 displays supplementary information on ancestry calling, genetically adjusted PSA Density, and polygenic risk scoring.
Supplementary Table S2 from The Immune-Related 27-Gene Signature DetermaIO Predicts Response to Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab plus Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Dugo Matteo , Huang Chiun-Sheng , Egle Daniel , Bermejo Begoña , Zamagni Claudio , Seitz Robert S. , Nielsen Tyler J. , Thill Marc , Antón-Torres Antonio , Russo Stefania , Ciruelos Eva Maria , Schweitzer Brock L. , Ross Douglas T. , Galbardi Barbara , Greil Richard , Semiglazov Vladimir , Gyorffy Balázs , Colleoni Marco , Kelly Catherine M. , Mariani Gabriella , Del Mastro Lucia , Blasi Olivia , Callari Maurizio , Pusztai Lajos , Valagussa Pinuccia , Viale Giuseppe , Gianni Luca , Bianchini Giampaolo
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Table 2. Patients’ characteristics of the NeoTRIP trial in the RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR cohorts.
Supplementary Figure S2 from The Immune-Related 27-Gene Signature DetermaIO Predicts Response to Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab plus Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Dugo Matteo , Huang Chiun-Sheng , Egle Daniel , Bermejo Begoña , Zamagni Claudio , Seitz Robert S. , Nielsen Tyler J. , Thill Marc , Antón-Torres Antonio , Russo Stefania , Ciruelos Eva Maria , Schweitzer Brock L. , Ross Douglas T. , Galbardi Barbara , Greil Richard , Semiglazov Vladimir , Gyorffy Balázs , Colleoni Marco , Kelly Catherine M. , Mariani Gabriella , Del Mastro Lucia , Blasi Olivia , Callari Maurizio , Pusztai Lajos , Valagussa Pinuccia , Viale Giuseppe , Gianni Luca , Bianchini Giampaolo
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Figure 2. Comparison of RT-qPCR DetermaIO and RNA-Seq IO scores. A) Scatter plot showing the relation between continuous IO scores. Concordance and correlation coefficient = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.92 − 0.95; B) Contingency plot of binary IO classifications. Cohen’s kappa = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.77–0.91; p < 0.0001.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Genetic Screen in a Preclinical Model of Sarcoma Development Defines Drivers and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities
Authors: Freeland Jack , Muñoz Maria , O’Donnell Edmond , Langerman Justin , Darrow Morgan , Bergonio Jessica , Suarez-Navarro Julissa , Thorpe Steven , Canter Robert , Randall Robert Lor , Plath Kathrin , Carraway Kermit L. , Witte Owen N. , Graeber Thomas G. , Carr-Ascher Janai R.
Published: November 2024

Primary Screening and Barcode Quantification
Supplementary Figure S2 from A Phase II Study of Atezolizumab, Pertuzumab, and High-Dose Trastuzumab for Central Nervous System Metastases in Patients with HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Giordano Antonio , Kumthekar Priya U. , Jin Qingchun , Binboga Kurt Busem , Ren Siyang , Li Tianyu , Leone Jose Pablo , Mittendorf Elizabeth A. , Pereslete Alyssa M. , Sharp Laura , Davis Raechel , DiLullo Molly , Tayob Nabihah , Mayer Erica L. , Winer Eric P. , Tolaney Sara M. , Lin Nancy U.
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Figure S2. Data on bi-compartmental PFS, defined as either progression in the CNS, according to RANO-BM criteria, and/or progression in non-CNS sites, according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1.
Supplementary Table 3 from The SCRUM-MONSTAR Cancer-Omics Ecosystem: Striving for a Quantum Leap in Precision Medicine
Authors: Hashimoto Tadayoshi , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Fujisawa Takao , Imai Mitsuho , Shibuki Taro , Iida Naoko , Ozaki Hiroshi , Nonomura Norio , Morizane Chigusa , Iwata Hiroji , Okano Susumu , Yamagami Wataru , Yamazaki Naoya , Kadowaki Shigenori , Taniguchi Hiroya , Ueno Makoto , Boku Shogen , Oki Eiji , Komatsu Yoshito , Yuki Satoshi , Makiyama Akitaka , Otsuka Tomoyuki , Hara Hiroki , Okano Naohiro , Nishina Tomohiro , Sakamoto Yasutoshi , Miki Izumi , Kobayashi Shin , Yuda Junichiro , Kageyama Shun-Ichiro , Nagamine Michiko , Sakashita Shingo , Sakamoto Naoya , Yamashita Riu , Koga Yoshikatsu , Bando Hideaki , Ishii Genichiro , Kuwata Takeshi , Park Woong-Yang , Ohtsu Atsushi , Yoshino Takayuki
Published: November 2024

Cox multivariate analysis of overall survival
Supplementary Figure 4 from Rational Protein Engineering to Enhance MHC-Independent T-cell Receptors
Authors: Chang Ju-Fang , Landmann Jack H. , Chang Tien-Ching , Selli Mehmet Emrah , Tenzin Yangdon , Warrington John M. , Ritchey Julie , Hsu Yu-Sung , Slade Michael , Gupta Deepesh Kumar , DiPersio John F. , Holehouse Alex S. , Singh Nathan
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Figure 4 | Names and amino acid changes of miTCR variant panel. PD insertions are highlighted in blue.
Supplementary Figure S6 from Mechanisms of Response and Tolerance to Active RAS Inhibition in KRAS-Mutant Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Araujo Haniel A. , Pechuan-Jorge Ximo , Zhou Teng , Do Minh Truong , Hu Xin , Rojas Alvarez Frank R. , Salvatierra Maria E. , Ibarguen Heladio P. , Lee Richard , Raghulan Rashi , Shah Harshit , Moreno Ayala Mariela A. , Chen Kevin , Tovbis Shifrin Nataliya , Wu Shuhong , Solis Soto Luisa M. , Negrao Marcelo V. , Gibbons Don L. , Hong David S. , Roth Jack A. , Heymach John V. , Zhang Jianjun , Jiang Jingjing , Singh Mallika , Smith Jacqueline A.M. , Quintana Elsa , Skoulidis Ferdinandos
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Figure S6. Histological heterogeneity of lung tumors in the KrasG12C/+;Lkb1-/- GEM model.
Supplementary Figure S10 from Mechanisms of Response and Tolerance to Active RAS Inhibition in KRAS-Mutant Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Araujo Haniel A. , Pechuan-Jorge Ximo , Zhou Teng , Do Minh Truong , Hu Xin , Rojas Alvarez Frank R. , Salvatierra Maria E. , Ibarguen Heladio P. , Lee Richard , Raghulan Rashi , Shah Harshit , Moreno Ayala Mariela A. , Chen Kevin , Tovbis Shifrin Nataliya , Wu Shuhong , Solis Soto Luisa M. , Negrao Marcelo V. , Gibbons Don L. , Hong David S. , Roth Jack A. , Heymach John V. , Zhang Jianjun , Jiang Jingjing , Singh Mallika , Smith Jacqueline A.M. , Quintana Elsa , Skoulidis Ferdinandos
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Figure S10. MAPK pathway modulation in immune and stromal cell subsets in response to active RAS inhibition.
Beneath the Surface: Neoantigens beyond Chromosomal DNA Mutations
Authors: Su Shicheng
Published: November 2024

The conventional wisdom is that the overwhelming majority of neoantigens arise from chromosomal DNA mutations; however, recent studies show that posttranscriptional and posttranslational events can also generate neoantigens. This commentary provides an overview of known and potential sources of nonchromosomal neoantigens, emerging technologies, and clinical trials that may move this field forward to redefine immunologically “hot/cold” tumors and develop next-generation immunotherapeutic approaches.
The Far Side of Resistance to RAS Inhibitors
Authors: Marasco Michelangelo , Misale Sandra
Published: November 2024

In this issue, four articles highlight the critical role of nongenetic mechanisms and cell plasticity in mediating resistance to different classes of RAS inhibitors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and non–small cell lung cancer.

See related article by Benitz et al., p. 2162

See related article by Dilly et al., p. 2135

See related article by Araujo et al., p. 2183

See related article by Singhal et al., p. 2122
Alternate MHC I Antigen Presentation Pathways Allow CD8+ T-cell Recognition and Killing of Cancer Cells in the Absence of β2M or TAP
Authors: Cruz Freidrich M. , Orellano Laura A. A. , Chan Amanda , Rock Kenneth L.
Published: November 2024

MHC I antigen presentation allows CD8+ T cells to detect and eliminate cancerous or virally infected cells. The MHC I pathway is not essential for cell growth and viability, so cancers and viruses can evade control by CD8+ T cells by inactivating antigen presentation. In cancers, two common ways for this evasion are the loss of either the MHC I light chain [β2 microglobulin (β2M)] or the transporter-associated with antigen processing (TAP). β2M-null cells are generally thought to lack the MHC I pathway because the MHC I heavy chain by itself lacks the proper conformation for peptide display. TAP-null cells are thought to have severely defective MHC I antigen presentation because they are incapable of supplying peptides from the cytosol to MHC I molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, we have found that highly reactive memory CD8+ T cells could still recognize cells that completely lacked β2M or TAP. This was at least in part because in TAP-null cells, the Sec62 component of the Sec61 translocon supported the transfer of cytosolic peptides into the ER. In β2M-negative cells, free MHC I heavy chains were able to bind peptides and assume a conformation that was sufficiently recognized by CD8+ T cells. This process required ER chaperones and the peptide-loading complex. We found that these mechanisms supported antigen presentation at a level that was sufficient for memory CD8+ T cells to kill melanoma cells both in vitro and in tumor-bearing mice. The implications for tumor immunotherapy are discussed.
Supplementary Table 4 from Multiple Myeloma Risk and Outcomes Are Associated with Pathogenic Germline Variants in DNA Repair Genes
Authors: Thibaud Santiago , Subaran Ryan L. , Newman Scott , Lagana Alessandro , Melnekoff David T. , Bodnar Saoirse , Ram Meghana , Soens Zachry , Genthe William , Brander Tehilla , Mouhieddine Tarek H. , Van Oekelen Oliver , Houldsworth Jane , Cho Hearn Jay , Richard Shambavi , Richter Joshua , Rodriguez Cesar , Rossi Adriana , Sanchez Larysa , Chari Ajai , Moshier Erin , Jagannath Sundar , Parekh Samir , Onel Kenan
Published: November 2024

SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE 4: Comprehensive characterization of PGV-B/C carriers with multiple myeloma
Supplementary Table S3 from Association between Immune-Related Adverse Events and Atezolizumab in Previously Treated Patients with Unresectable Advanced or Recurrent Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Hayashi Hidetoshi , Nishio Makoto , Akamatsu Hiroaki , Goto Yasushi , Miura Satoru , Gemma Akihiko , Yoshino Ichiro , Misumi Toshihiro , Kijima Takashi , Takase Naoto , Fujita Masaki , Tasaka Sadatomo , Mouri Atsuto , Kondo Tetsuro , Takamura Kei , Kawashima Yosuke , Imaizumi Kazuyoshi , Iwasawa Shunichiro , Nakagawa Shintaro , Mitsudomi Tetsuya
Published: November 2024

Supplementary Table S3. Univariable and multivariable analysis of PFS Abbreviations: ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; HR, hazard ratio; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; IHC, immunohistochemistry; irAE, immune-related adverse event; PD-L1, programmed death ligand-1; PFS, progression-free survival; TPS, tumor proportion score.
Alopecia: A Google Trends Analysis of the Past 5 Years (2018–2023)
Authors: Todorova Lidiya , Kluger Nicolas
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The study aimed to evaluate recent trends in public interest regarding various alopecia-associated diagnoses using Google Trends. Method: Data generated through Google Trends for the relative search volumes (RSVs) of the following diagnostic-related terms: “Alopecia,” “Alopecia areata,” “Androgenetic alopecia,” “Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia,” “Folliculitis decalvans,” “Frontal fibrosing alopecia,” “Telogen effluvium,” “Traction alopecia” (disease).” Analysis has been performed worldwide from July 29th, 2018, to July 16th, 2023. Results: Between 2018 and 2023, mean RSVs by 12-month period have remained stable for “alopecia” and “alopecia areata.” “Telogen effluvium” has increased peak search during 2020–2022. “Androgenetic alopecia” and “frontal fibrosing alopecia” display an increase for the past 5 years. There were differences in geographic distribution. For alopecia areata, all the countries were from the Middle East; for telogen effluvium, eight of the top 10 countries were Latin American or Spanish speaking, and Western countries had mainly searched for frontal fibrosing alopecia. Conclusions: Google Trends is not a real epidemiological tool. It can be only used by individuals who have access to the Internet, but it does not presume the person or the reason for the search. We observed different geographical distribution according to the disease. Infodemiology provides a better understanding of alopecia needs in different countries and continents.
Endometriosis, Anxiety, and Atherosclerosis: A Study of Eight Million Young Hospitalized Women in the USA
Authors: Nassiri Kigloo Hormoz , Suarthana Eva , Montreuil Tina , Tulandi Togas
Published: November 2024

Objective: In recent years, several studies have proposed an association between endometriosis and various cardiovascular diseases. Our study evaluated the association between endometriosis and atherosclerosis in patients under 35 years of age using a large population database. Design: This was a cross-sectional retrospective population-based study. Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods: We used the data of more than eight million hospitalized women under 35 years of age who were registered in one of the hospitals participating in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project – National Inpatient Sample (HCUP NIS) during the study period of 2007–2014. The prevalence of endometriosis, atherosclerosis, and related conditions was estimated, and logistic regression model was used to examine the association. Results: In the period of study of 8,061,754 patients, we noted an upward pattern for the prevalence of atherosclerosis and a downward trend for endometriosis. Adjusting the analysis for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities, the probability of being diagnosed with atherosclerosis was 42% higher in patients with endometriosis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.421; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.058–1.910); 35% higher in patients with anxiety (OR = 1.352; 95% CI: 1.249–1.464); and three times higher in women with both endometriosis and anxiety (OR = 3.075; 95% CI: 1.969–4.803) compared to women without those conditions. Limitations: In HCUP NIS databases, some information such as the severity of disease, laboratory findings, or medical treatment is not available. Conclusion: The strong association between endometriosis and atherosclerosis suggests that they may share a similar mechanism possibly endothelial dysfunction related to chronic inflammation. Further studies on the potential role of psychological conditions, such as anxiety, on systemic inflammatory diseases are also deemed timely and important.
Gut Microbiome in Impulsively Violent Female Convicts
Authors: Langmajerová Michaela , Ježková Janet , Kreisinger Jakub , Semerád Jaroslav , Titov Ivan , Procházková Petra , Cajthaml Tomáš , Jiřička Václav , Vevera Jan , Roubalová Radka
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Impulsivity and aggression are often interlinked behavioral traits that have major implications for our society. Therefore, the study of this phenomenon and derivative interventions that could lead to better control of impulsive aggression are of interest. Methods: We analyzed the composition and diversity of the gut bacterial microbiome of 33 impulsively violent female convicts with dissocial personality disorder and 20 non-impulsive age-matched women. Further, levels of assorted neurotransmitters and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were analyzed in serum and stool samples. We also assessed all participants using a battery of psychological questionnaires and tested possible correlations between the collected clinical data and the composition and diversity of their microbiomes and metabolites. Results: We identified four bacterial amplicon sequencing variants that were differentially abundant in non-impulsive versus impulsive women – the genera Bacteroides, Barnesiella, and the order Rhodospirillales were more abundant in impulsive women. In contrast, the genus Catenisphaera was more abundant in non-impulsive women. Fecal tryptophan levels were significantly higher in impulsive women. Association analysis revealed a strong positive intercorrelation between most fecal SCFAs in the entire dataset. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated possible associations between gut microbiomes and their metabolites and impulsive behavior in a unique cohort of prisoners convicted of violent assaults and a matched group of non-impulsive women from the same prison. Genus Bacteroides, which was differentially abundant in the two groups, encoded enzymes that affect serotonin pathways and could contribute to this maladaptive behavior. Similarly, increased fecal tryptophan levels in impulsive individuals could affect neuronal circuits in the brain.
Developing the Kid-Bright board for controlling lamps and fans as game-based learning for twelfth-grade students
Authors: Lakhonmoon Thinakon , Rutanatarntong Yaovared , Noisombut Teerachati
Published: November 2024

This research aimed to develop and evaluate a gamified learning game using the Kid-Bright board to teach introductory coding skills for controlling lamps and fans to 12th-grade students. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, involving the design and development of the game based on gamification principles, followed by an evaluation by three computer science experts to assess its suitability and effectiveness. The game was then implemented with a sample of 27 randomly selected 12th-grade students from Nong Kungsri Wittayakarn School in Kalasin Province, Thailand. Pre- and post-tests were conducted to measure learning outcomes, and a student satisfaction survey was administered to gauge their experience. The findings revealed that the developed game met the 80/80 criterion for efficiency (80.25/84.81), demonstrating its effectiveness in enhancing students' learning progress. The game also received high suitability ratings from experts (X̅=4.24, S.D=0.43) and garnered substantial satisfaction from the students (X̅=4.78, S.D=0.42), underscoring its potential as an effective and engaging tool for teaching basic coding skills in a real-world context.
Timely adoption of Grammarly to cultivate autonomous learning culture
Authors: Mariappan Rajati , Tan Kim Hua , Philip Bromeley
Published: November 2024

Incorporating technology with linguistics has created opportunities to explore the effectiveness of grammar checkers in cultivating an autonomous learning culture among English as a second language (ESL) and English as a foreign language (EFL) learner. Even though there have been numerous studies on grammar checkers to cultivate autonomous learning culture in higher-education contexts, there are still limited studies in school settings. Thus, this study aims to explore the efficiency of grammar checkers in cultivating an autonomous learning culture among ESL/EFL school students. For this purpose, a qualitative study was conducted, and 13 students aged 16 years from a private Chinese school participated and shared their experiences through a questionnaire. The grammar checker Grammarly has been employed. The findings of this study showed that students found Grammarly easy to use and can correct their writing errors besides improving their grammatical and vocabulary knowledge. Students generally stated that Grammarly helps them to write with less dependence on teachers and helps them to learn the language autonomously. However, 6 out of 13 participants disagreed that Grammarly helps language use. Thus, it is important to know the challenges before employing grammar checkers in the school setting to cultivate an autonomous learning culture.
Constraints in writing an essay: agriculture students’ voices
Authors: Prasetianto Mushoffan , Maharddhika Rizkiana
Published: November 2024

Responding to the pivotal role of English nowadays, higher education institutions require every student to take an English course. In higher education, teaching English focuses more on the specific discipline of the students. It helps students to have good English capabilities within their field of study. Writing skill is demanded because the students are required to publish an article as a graduation requirement. In order to find suitable teaching strategies for writing, it is necessary to know the writing difficulty the students encounter. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the agriculture students’ difficulty in writing essays. A descriptive qualitative method was employed in this study. The data was obtained from the interviews and students' essays. The result of the study showed that generating ideas, vocabulary, and grammar are the constraints the students faced. This study concludes that the students need a guidance on those constraints.