bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Enzyme Treatments on Protoplast Isolation from Leaves of Vetiver (Vetiveria spp.)
Authors: Leaungthitikanchana Sumana , Thongdonyod Khachapohn , Singphan Nootjaree
Published: June 2021

Protoplast isolation is a first and important step for establishing a new plant with desired traits through protoplast fusion technology. This experiments were conducted to evaluate various concentration of enzymes and incubation time on protoplast yield and viability in two vetiver ecotypes, Kamphaeng Phet 2 (Vetiveria zizanioides Nash) and Prachuap Khiri Khan (V. nemoralis A.Camus). The results revealed that protoplast yields were significantly affected by different enzyme treatments. The highest protoplast yield (6.12x105 protoplasts/ml) and high viability (98.61%) in Kamphaeng Phet 2 was obtained through the process of cell wall digestion when treated with enzyme solution containing 0.5% (w/v) cellulase onozuka R-10 and 0.5% (w/v) macerozyme R-10 in combination. While, the optimal enzyme solution for protoplast isolation from leaves of Prachuap Khiri Khan was the combination of 1.0% (w/v) cellulase onozuka R-10 and 0.4% (w/v) macerozyme R-10, resulting in the highest yield (6.80x105 protoplasts/ml) and viability (96.56%) of protoplasts. Meanwhile, incubation time of 24 h with the optimal enzyme solution resulted in the highest protoplast yields of both ecotypes. Our findings have the potential to generate an efficient protocol to isolate the protoplast from leaves of vetiver which can be used for further research studies in protoplast culture and fusion for vetiver improvement.

Keywords: Cellulase onozuka R-10, Macerozyme R-10, Protoplast isolation, Vetiver
A Panel of Four Anti-HSPG Monoclonal Antibodies Benefits in Increasing the Specificity in Detection of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Mon Ei Khaing , Chaiwongsa Rujurek , Klangsinsirikul Phennapha , Vongchan Preeyanat
Published: June 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading with main cause of death is liver and lung metastasis. Using of a combination of genetic and epigenetic markers are addressed but the results have not been approved in clinical practice. A set of serum biomarkers has been proposed to increase accuracy in early diagnosis of CRC. In addition, non-invasive as well as the best prognostic panel of biomarkers and define predictive biomarkers for treatment of CRC are all aims of future research. HSPGs is an important biomolecule involving in cancer cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Membrane HSPGs shed into blood circulation and matrix in particular circumstance can be used as a specific biomarker for some cancer cells. In order to evaluate the benefit of a panel of anti-HSPGs monoclonal antibodies in increasing specificity to detect CRC, four clones of anti-HSPGs were studied for its specific reaction on various tumor cell lines by indirect immunofluorescent technique and analyzed by flow cytometer compared to normal white blood cells. A combination of two or more clones were focused. The results showed that all four clones presented a variation in reaction to all solid tumor cell lines tested but negative to normal white blood cells from different ABO blood groups. Interestingly, amongst those cells tested, HT29, a colorectal cancer cell lines were significantly reacted with all four monoclonal antibodies. Taken together, we proposed a panel of four anti-HSPGs monoclonal antibodies to be applied in various detection platforms to increase the specificity in screening of CRC.

Keywords: Cancer biomarkers, Colorectal cancer, HSPG
A Comparative Study for Weighted Rayleigh Distribution
Authors: Ahad Sofi Mudasir , Ahmad Sheikh Parvaiz , Rehman Sheikh Aasimeh
Published: June 2021

In this paper, Bayesian and non-Bayesian methods are used for parameter estimation of weighted Rayleigh (WR) distribution. Posterior distributions are derived under the assumption of informative and non-informative priors. The Bayes estimators and associated risks are obtained under different symmetric and asymmetric loss functions. Results are compared on the basis of posterior risk and mean square error using simulated and real life data sets. The study depicts that in order to estimate the scale parameter of the weighted Rayleigh distribution use of entropy loss function under Gumbel type II prior can be preferred. Also, Bayesian method of estimation having least values of mean squared error gives better results as compared to maximum likelihood method of estimation.
Utilization of high-speed imaging for atmospheric scintillation
studies
Authors: McLaren Jason R. , Lesniewski Peter J. , Kelly Shane W. , Field William H. , Wedding A. Bruce
Published: June 2021

Atmospheric scintillation studies have been traditionally undertaken utilizing nonimaging detection. When imaging devices are used, they typically detect the resultant signal at the receiver plane. Here, a high-speed camera has been utilized in atmospheric scintillation field trials, imaging a laser source (i.e., imaging the object plane) over a near ground path length of 1.5 km. The statistical nature of the acquired atmospheric scintillation data is characterized using a range of probability density functions. The exponentiated Weibull function was found to best describe the nature of scintillation over the broadest range of a scintillation index typical of atmospheric scintillation. A preliminary investigation into the relationship between the fit variables of three of the better-performing probability density functions and the scintillation index is presented, along with suggestions for future use of digital cameras in atmospheric scintillation studies.
Phase-coded microwave signal generation with a built-in optoelectronic
oscillator based on a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator
Authors: Zhao Quanjing , Yan Juanjuan
Published: June 2021

A scheme for binary phase-coded microwave signal generation is proposed and
experimentally demonstrated with a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder
modulator (DPMZM). The carrier of the generated phase-coded signal is
provided by the built-in dual-loop optoelectronic oscillator (OEO)
based on the DPMZM. The principle of this signal generator and the
oscillating condition of the OEO is theoretically described in detail.
It is found that phase-coded signals can be produced by setting the
three working points and the modulation depth of the DPMZM. In the
proving experiment, a 10-GHz oscillating signal with a side mode
suppression ratio of 49 dB is generated. The phase noise of this
carrier wave is measured to be

−

80

d
B
c

/

H
z

at 10 kHz offset with a 100-m and
1-km optical fiber used in the two oscillation loops. When 1-Gbit/s
and 2-Gbit/s coding signals are, respectively, applied to the DPMZM,
two 10-GHz self-oscillating phase-coded signals are eventually
produced, and the

π

phase shift in the signals is
successfully confirmed with the phase information extracted from the
phase-coded signals.
Primary mirror segmentation for large optical telescopes: an inverse
map projection approach
Authors: Zheng Yi , Tang Lifeng , Liang Bin , Li Ying
Published: June 2021

Large segmented-mirror telescopes are powerful tools used in modern astronomy.
Segmentation of the primary mirror is important for support design,
mirror fabrication, and construction cost reduction. A curvature study
showed that a primary mirror with a solid angle of less than

π

/

6

can be well divided by projecting
identical hexagonal tilings onto a curved surface. Three approaches,
based on map projection, are presented. The conformal method,
preserving the angle locally, provides optimal regularity. The
equal-area algorithm generates a partition having zero area variation.
The equidistant projection minimizes the circumscribed diameter of the
segments. These approaches are unified by a newly proposed compromise
approach, which provides the necessary adjustment range for individual
preferences. The performances of the three approaches are numerically
verified using the Thirty Meter Telescope model. This study verifies
the effectiveness of the scaling rule and sheds light on the mechanism
of primary mirror segmentation.
Real-time deep learning assisted skin layer delineation in dermal optical coherence tomography
Authors: Liu Xuan , Chuchvara Nadiya , Liu Yuwei , Rao Babar
Published: June 2021

We present deep learning assisted optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging for quantitative tissue characterization and differentiation in dermatology. We utilize a manually scanned single fiber OCT (sfOCT) instrument to acquire OCT images from the skin. The focus of this study is to train a U-Net for automatic skin layer delineation. We demonstrate that U-Net allows quantitative assessment of epidermal thickness automatically. U-Net segmentation achieves high accuracy for epidermal thickness estimation for normal skin and leads to a clear differentiation between normal skin and skin lesions. Our results suggest that a single fiber OCT instrument with AI assisted skin delineation capability has the potential to become a cost-effective tool in clinical dermatology, for diagnosis and tumor margin detection.
A computational reproducibility study of PLOS ONE articles featuring longitudinal data analyses
Authors: Seibold Heidi , Czerny Severin , Decke Siona , Dieterle Roman , Eder Thomas , Fohr Steffen , Hahn Nico , Hartmann Rabea , Heindl Christoph , Kopper Philipp , Lepke Dario , Loidl Verena , Mandl Maximilian , Musiol Sarah , Peter Jessica , Piehler Alexander , Rojas Elio , Schmid Stefanie , Schmidt Hannah , Schmoll Melissa , Schneider Lennart , To Xiao-Yin , Tran Viet , Völker Antje , Wagner Moritz , Wagner Joshua , Waize Maria , Wecker Hannah , Yang Rui , Zellner Simone , Nalenz Malte
Published: June 2021

Computational reproducibility is a corner stone for sound and credible research. Especially in complex statistical analyses—such as the analysis of longitudinal data—reproducing results is far from simple, especially if no source code is available. In this work we aimed to reproduce analyses of longitudinal data of 11 articles published in PLOS ONE. Inclusion criteria were the availability of data and author consent. We investigated the types of methods and software used and whether we were able to reproduce the data analysis using open source software. Most articles provided overview tables and simple visualisations. Generalised Estimating Equations (GEEs) were the most popular statistical models among the selected articles. Only one article used open source software and only one published part of the analysis code. Replication was difficult in most cases and required reverse engineering of results or contacting the authors. For three articles we were not able to reproduce the results, for another two only parts of them. For all but two articles we had to contact the authors to be able to reproduce the results. Our main learning is that reproducing papers is difficult if no code is supplied and leads to a high burden for those conducting the reproductions. Open data policies in journals are good, but to truly boost reproducibility we suggest adding open code policies.
Microbiomes of commercially-available pine nuts and sesame seeds
Authors: Fay Megan , Salazar Joelle K. , Ramachandran Padmini , Stewart Diana
Published: June 2021

Metagenomic analysis of food is becoming more routine and can provide important information pertaining to the shelf life potential and the safety of these products. However, less information is available on the microbiomes associated with low water activity foods. Pine nuts and sesame seeds, and food products which contain these ingredients, have been associated with recalls due to contamination with bacterial foodborne pathogens. The objective of this study was to identify the microbial community of pine nuts and sesame seeds using targeted 16S rRNA sequencing technology. Ten different brands of each seed type were assessed, and core microbiomes were determined. A total of 21 and 16 unique taxa with proportional abundances >1% in at least one brand were identified in the pine nuts and sesame seeds, respectively. Members of the core pine nut microbiome included the generaAlishewanella,Aminivibrio,Mycoplasma,Streptococcus, and unassigned OTUs in the families ofDesulfobacteraceaeandXanthomonadaceae. For sesame seeds, the core microbiome includedAminivibrio,Chryseolina,Okibacterium, and unassigned OTUs in the familyFlavobacteriaceae. The microbiomes of these seeds revealed that these products are dominated by environmental bacterial genera commonly isolated from soil, water, and plants; bacterial genera containing species known as commensal organisms were also identified. Understanding these microbiomes can aid in the risk assessment of these products by identifying food spoilage potential and community members which may co-enrich with foodborne bacterial pathogens.
Heat health risk assessment analysing heatstroke patients in Fukuoka City, Japan
Authors: Toosty Nishat Tasnim , Hagishima Aya , Tanaka Ken-Ichi
Published: June 2021

Background

Climate change, as a defining issue of the current time, is causing severe heat-related illness in the context of extremely hot weather conditions. In Japan, the remarkable temperature increase in summer caused by an urban heat island and climate change has become a threat to public health in recent years.

Methods

This study aimed to determine the potential risk factors for heatstroke by analysing data extracted from the records of emergency transport to the hospital due to heatstroke in Fukuoka City, Japan. In this regard, a negative binomial regression model was used to account for overdispersion in the data. Age-structure analyses of heatstroke patients were also embodied to identify the sub-population of Fukuoka City with the highest susceptibility.

Results

The daily maximum temperature and wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT), along with differences in both the mean temperature and time-weighted temperature from those of the consecutive past days were detected as significant risk factors for heatstroke. Results indicated that there was a positive association between the resulting risk factors and the probability of heatstroke occurrence. The elderly of Fukuoka City aged 70 years or older were found to be the most vulnerable to heatstroke. Most of the aforementioned risk factors also encountered significant and positive associations with the risk of heatstroke occurrence for the group with highest susceptibility.

Conclusion

These results can provide insights for health professionals and stakeholders in designing their strategies to reduce heatstroke patients and to secure the emergency transport systems in summer.
Year-round at-sea distribution and trophic resources partitioning between two sympatric Sulids in the tropical Atlantic
Authors: Almeida Nathalie , Ramos Jaime A. , Rodrigues Isabel , dos Santos Ivo , Pereira Jorge M. , Matos Diana M. , Araújo Pedro M. , Geraldes Pedro , Melo Tommy , Paiva Vitor H.
Published: June 2021

In the oligotrophic tropical marine environment resources are usually more patchily distributed and less abundant to top predators. Thus, spatial and trophic competition can emerge, especially between related seabird species belonging to the same ecological guild. Here we studied the foraging ecology of two sympatric species–brown booby (BRBO)Sula leucogaster(breeding) and red-footed boobies (RFBO)Sula sula(non-breeding)–at Raso islet (Cabo Verde), across different seasons. Sexual segregation was only observed during Jun-Oct, when RFBO were present, with larger females BRBO remaining closer to the colonies, while males and RFBO travelled further and exploited different habitats. Overall, species appeared to prefer areas with specific oceanic features, particularly those related with oceanic currents and responsible for enhancing primary productivity in tropical oceanic areas (e.g. Sea Surface Height and Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness). Female BRBOs showed high foraging-site fidelity during the period of sympatry, while exploiting the same prey species as the other birds. However, during the months of co-existence (Jun.-Oct.), isotopic mixing models suggested that female BRBO would consume a higher proportion of epipelagic fish, whereas female RFBO would consume more squid compared to the other birds, possibly due to habitat-specific prey availability and breeding energy-constraints for BRBO. We conclude that divergent parental roles, environmental conditions, habitat preference and competition could be mechanisms simultaneously underlying sexual segregation for BRBO during a period of co-existence, while inter-specific foraging differences appear to be more affected by habitat preference and different breeding stages. These results support previous statements that BRBO can adapt their foraging ecology to different circumstances of environmental conditions and competition, and that marine physical features play an important role in foraging decisions of boobies.
Analysis of policy interventions to attract and retain nurse midwives in rural areas of Malawi: A discrete choice experiment
Authors: Berman Leslie , Nkhoma Levison , Prust Margaret , McKay Courtney , Teshome Mihereteab , Banda Dumisani , Kabambe Dalitso , Gunda Andrews
Published: June 2021

Background

Inadequate and unequal distribution of health workers are significant barriers to provision of health services in Malawi, and challenges retaining health workers in rural areas have limited scale-up initiatives. This study therefore aims to estimate cost-effectiveness of monetary and non-monetary strategies in attracting and retaining nurse midwife technicians (NMTs) to rural areas of Malawi.

Methods

The study uses a discrete choice experiment (DCE) methodology to investigate importance of job characteristics, probability of uptake, and intervention costs. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with NMTs and students to identify recruitment and retention motivating factors. Through policymaker consultations, qualitative findings were used to identify job attributes for the DCE questionnaire, administered to 472 respondents. A conditional logit regression model was developed to produce probability of choosing a job with different attributes and an uptake rate was calculated to estimate the percentage of health workers that would prefer jobs with specific intervention packages. Attributes were costed per health worker year.

Results

Qualitative results highlighted housing, facility quality, management, and workload as important factors in job selection. Respondents were 2.04 times as likely to choose a rural job if superior housing was provided compared to no housing (CI 1.71–2.44, p<0.01), and 1.70 times as likely to choose a rural job with advanced facility quality (CI 1.47–1.96, p<0.01). At base level 43.9% of respondents would choose a rural job. This increased to 61.5% if superior housing was provided, and 72.5% if all facility-level improvements were provided, compared to an urban job without these improvements. Facility-level interventions had the lowest cost per health worker year.

Conclusions

Our results indicate housing and facility-level improvements have the greatest impact on rural job choice, while also creating longer-term improvements to health workers’ living and working environments. These results provide practical evidence for policymakers to support development of workforce recruitment and retention strategies.
The fall armyworm strain associated with most rice, millet, and pasture infestations in the Western Hemisphere is rare or absent in Ghana and Togo
Authors: Nagoshi Rodney N. , Koffi Djima , Agboka Komi , Adjevi Anani Kossi Mawuko , Meagher Robert L. , Goergen Georg
Published: June 2021

The moth pest fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is now present throughout much of the Eastern Hemisphere where it poses a significant economic threat to a number of crops. Native to the Western Hemisphere, fall armyworm is one of the primary pests of corn in the Americas and periodically causes significant economic damage to sorghum, millet, cotton, rice, and forage grasses. This broad host range is in part the result of two populations historically designated as host strains (C-strain and R-strain) that differ in their host plant preferences. Reports of infestations in Africa have to date mostly been limited to the C-strain preferred crops of corn and sorghum, with little evidence of an R-strain presence. However, this could reflect a bias in monitoring intensity, with the R-strain perhaps being more prevalent in other crop systems that have not been as routinely examined for the pest. Because knowledge of whether and to what extent both strains are present is critical to assessments of crops at immediate risk, we analyzed specimens obtained from a systematic survey of pasture grass and rice fields, habitats typically preferred by the R-strain, done contemporaneously with collections from corn fields in Ghana and Togo. Substantial larval infestations were only observed in corn, while pheromone trap capture numbers were high only in corn and rice habitats. Little to no fall armyworm were found in the pasture setting. Comparisons with a meta-analysis of studies from South America identified differences in the pattern of strain-specific markers typically found in fall armyworm collected from rice habitats between the two hemispheres. Genetic tests of specimens from rice and corn area traps failed to show evidence of differential mating between strains. These results are consistent with the R-strain being rare or even absent in Africa and, at least for the Ghana-Togo area, this R-strain lack does not appear to be due to limitations in pest monitoring. The implications of these results to the crops at risk in Africa and the accuracy of existing molecular markers of strain identity are discussed.
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF DISCHARGE OUTCOMES IN OLDER PEOPLE ADMITTED TO A GERIATRIC MEDICINE WARD
Authors: HAWKER M. , ROMERO-ORTUNO R.
Published: June 2021

The factors determining hospital discharge outcomes in older people are complex. This retrospective study was carried out in an in-patient geriatric ward over a month in 2015 and aimed to explore if self-reported feeling of loneliness and clinical frailty contribute to longer hospital stays or higher rates of readmission to hospital after discharge in the older population. Twenty-two men and twenty-five women (mean age 85.1 years) were assessed. There was a significant multivariate association between both self-reported loneliness (p=0.021) and the Clinical Frailty Scale (p=0.010) with length of stay, after adjusting for age, dementia and living alone. In multivariate analysis, patients who lived alone were more likely to be readmitted to hospital within 30 days (p=0.036). Loneliness, living alone and clinical frailty were associated with adverse discharge outcomes. Lower thresholds for referral to voluntary organisations and for psychosocial interventions in patients who report loneliness or live alone may be beneficial.
Os percursos escolares das crianças e jovens em acolhimento residencial na escola pública portuguesa
Authors: Ferreira Daniela , Cosme Ariana
Published: June 2021

Por princípio estabelecido na LBSE a escola pública portuguesa compromete-se em assegurar a inclusão de todas as crianças e jovens, contudo quando analisamos os percursos daquelas que se encontram em acolhimento residencial, ao abrigo de medidas de promoção e proteção, percebemos que estas constituem um dos públicos mais vulneráveis no percurso educativo. A análise dos dados dos seus percursos escolares apresenta problemas concetuais decorrentes da organização das faixas etárias. Assim, e através da recolha dos dados dos seus percursos escolares no ensino básico de três agrupamentos de escolas em Portugal, procuramos perceber os números efetivos de sucesso e insucesso escolar que as caracterizam. Tendo por base o paradigma fenomenológico interpretativo este estudo procura retratar uma das situações mais sensíveis do sistema educativo português. Ao compararmos as taxas de insucesso escolar destas crianças e jovens com as taxas nacionais portuguesas percebemos que no 1.º ciclo do Ensino Básico a taxa de insucesso é treze vezes superior, no 2.º ciclo é onze vezes superior e no 3.º ciclo é de seis vezes superior à média nacional. Assim, concluímos que urge pensar os tempos políticos e educativos em que a inclusão, para além de uma questão técnico-pedagógica se assume como um imperativo ético.
Mapping Constraints of Art Extracurricular in Indonesia as An Effort of Policy Design
Authors: Herdiati Dian , Saputra Dani Nur
Published: June 2021

Extracurricular arts programs are an integral part of instilling character qualities in students. This research aimed to map out the constraints to extracurricular arts in elementary schools in Indonesia. To achieve the goal, this research looks at government initiatives aimed at enhancing the standard of arts extracurricular activities in elementary schools across the Country, which were carried out from 2013 to 2019. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a participatory observation approach. They were collecting data using participatory methods, observation, and guided discussion. This study’s results indicate that schools’ various obstacles in implementing extracurricular programs, ranging from the availability of competent teachers in the arts, funding constraints for trainers, and the existence of regional autonomy. This constraint mapping is very useful for designing policies and extracurricular programs that are appropriate for schools.
The Jaipongan Drumming Strokes in Lagu Gedé in Sundanese Gamelan
Authors: Saepudin Asep , Yulaeliah Ela
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to describe the Jaipongan drumming strokes in Lagu Gedé. Lagu Gedé is a type of song in Sundanese Karawitan that has a large embat (rhythm). This song includes a dish of drums vocals accompanied by gamelan pelog-salendro with characteristics that have tone, barrel, surupan, embat, gending, slow tempo, embat opat wilet, and bound by the standard rules. Observations were made by appreciating Jaipongan’s performances in Bandung and Karawang. Besides, the author conducts interviews with several primary informants who are directly involved in the arrangement of Jaipongan. Gedé’s point here is to look at it with a smooth, soft, slow serving. The Kiliningan genre has a specific punch motif name for Gede’s song.  The name of this variation is called tepak melem. Melem has a delicious or gentle meaning. Tepak melem to accompany Sekar Gending songs in Kiliningan genre. The phenomenon that happens that Lagu Gede is served in Kiliningan dish and used to attend Jaipongan dance. When Jaipongan’s work uses Gedé’s song, it generates innovations. Gedé’s song is no longer presented with a glued drum but with a tepak diteunggeul. Diteunggeul contains the meaning of being hit hard, powerful, dynamic, and fast. This research concluded that jaipongan drumming strokes in Lagu Gedé is realized that drummers and dancers must explore many spaces because it has the freedom to work. After all, they present it in an embat opat wilet (big rhythm). This affects the widening of the number of beats, the position of kenongan, pancer, and gongan. Artists have the freedom to do creativity in working on Gede’s songs.  The space of artists in their work can ultimately foster new creativity that impacts the growth and development of Sundanese karawitan.
Isolated hypophosphataemia as an early marker of primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Alexander John , Nagi Dinesh
Published: June 2021

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a disease caused by overactive parathyroid glands with consequent hypercalcaemia. The main cause in 85–90% of the cases is the presence of a solitary parathyroid adenoma. The most common presentation is with asymptomatic hypercalcaemia diagnosed on routine biochemical testing. Although low serum phosphate levels are an associated finding in primary hyperparathyroidism, the diagnostic criteria for PHPT remain to be hypercalcaemia, high or inappropriately normal PTH and hypercalciuria. This case report presents a patient who presented with low phosphate levels without any other biochemical evidence of PHPT, who returned several years later with overt primary hyperparathyroidism. This report intends to raise interest among the medical fraternity whether there is a need to consider hypophosphataemia as an early sign of PHPT.

Learning points

Primary hyperparathyroidism is a relatively common condition with varying clinical and biochemical presentation.

The most common presentations still remain as an asymptomatic biochemical abnormality closely related to calcium, PTH and bone metabolism.

Not much attention is usually given to associated biochemical abnormalities, and hence they are usually less investigated.

Further research is needed to establish if patients need long-term monitoring when no obvious cause for isolated hypophosphataemia has been found.
Possibility of the Manager and the Members of the Board of the Subsidiary to Act in the Interests of the Group of Companies
Authors: Bakanauskas Edvinas
Published: June 2021

According to the current legal regulation of Lithuanian companies, the manager and the members of the board of the subsidiary have a duty to act only in the interests of the subsidiary and do not have the opportunity to act in the interests of the group of companies. Meanwhile, the provisions of Section 16 of Chapter 15 of European Model Companies Act provide the possibility for the manager and the members of the board of the subsidiary to act in the interests of the group of companies. Accordingly, the present article analyses whether the current legal framework in Lithuania should be changed by providing the possibility for the manager and the members of the board of the subsidiary to act in the interests of the group of companies.
A parataxe em Pedro Costa
Authors: Albano Sebastião Guilherme
Published: June 2021

Este texto visa dar conta de um aspecto retórico do filme Juventude em marcha (Pedro Costa, 2006). Acreditamos que a figura da parataxe é um registro de confecção do texto fílmico que merece ser retomado em uma interpretação profissional e designado como uma chave de leitura do mesmo. A parataxe rege as principais séries de sentido da película, que estão submetidas a imprecisões no que tange aos modelos temporais e espaciais, bem como da informação fornecida pelos personagens acerca de si mesmos ou de outrem. Isto é, lapsos temporais, espaciais e informacionais acerca dos personagens ocorrem ao longo do filme.
Gênero epistolar e redes sociais
Authors: Travancas Isabel Siqueira , Piera Elisenda Ardévol
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um projeto de pesquisa sobre o gênero epistolar em tempos de internet cujo objeto são as campanhas para escrever cartas para presos políticos no Brasil – para o Lula – e na Catalunha, – para Jordi Cuixart e Jordi Sánchez, ativistas do movimento social pró-independência. Examinaremos a combinação entre a digitalidade e a materialidade da correspondência e os seus efeitos na esfera política. Partimos de um trabalho de campo baseado na reunião de mensagens nas redes sociais, na participação em oficinas para escritura de cartas para os presos e em uma visita ao Instituto Lula, além de entrevistas nos dois países. O acompanhamento on-line, a observação participante e as entrevistas possibilitaram, a partir da noção de correspondência e copresença, observar a imbricação do gênero epistolar com as novas formas comunicativas digitais e os modos de ação política.
Abordagem disposicional como ferramenta para compreender o subcampo da Educação
Authors: Caregnato Célia Elizabete , Miorando Bernardo Sfredo , Lopes Ricardo Cortez , Foletto Bevilaqua Vinicius
Published: June 2021

Este artigo propõe compreender aspectos da pesquisa em Educação no Brasil a partir do conceito de disposições, verificando-as em depoimentos de líderes de grupos de pesquisa. A abordagem se dá a partir da sociologia crítica, com base no arcabouço teórico desenvolvido por Pierre Bourdieu e Bernard Lahire. O material empírico é composto por entrevistas, cujo conteúdo foi categorizado através de análise qualitativa. Há evidências de disposições alinhadas àquilo que a literatura sociológica identifica como propriedades gerais do campo científico, como a competência para operar o ludus e a apetência e a competência para a interlocução. Ao mesmo tempo, emerge um conjunto de elementos que indicam disposições particulares ao subcampo da Educação, aqui caracterizadas como apetência para a intervenção socioeducacional. Tal característica, associada a ideias de emancipação e mudança social, pode ser reconhecida como uma das particularidades que compõe a singularidade da pesquisa educacional dentro do campo científico.
Educação corporativa no serviço público
Authors: Neves Natalia Araujo Souza , Rodrigues Eglen Sílvia Pipi
Published: June 2021

Este artigo apresenta dados de uma pesquisa qualitativa inspirada na Metodologia da Investigação Comunicativa.  Tem como objetivo analisar a percepção dos servidores Técnico-Administrativos em Educação sobre os cursos de capacitação ofertados pela Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). Os dados coletados foram obtidos a partir de entrevista comunicativa em profundidade. As informações resultantes da pesquisa revelam que os servidores Técnico-Administrativos em Educação têm muitas ideias que podem contribuir com o Programa de Capacitação e que a Aprendizagem Dialógica pode trazer melhorias relevantes para a Educação Corporativa.
Letramento em contexto religioso
Authors: Reis Sônia Maria Alves de Oliveira , Eiterer Carmem Lucia , Galvão Ana Maria de Oliveira
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo apresenta parte dos resultados de pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de observação participante, que teve como objetivo compreender os modos de participação nas culturas do escrito de mulheres camponesas que atuam como lideranças comunitárias no interior da Bahia. Buscamos analisar, especificamente, o lugar ocupado por movimentos e rituais vinculados à Igreja Católica, como as Comunidades Eclesiais de Base (CEBs), a Pastoral da Criança, a catequese e a missa. A pesquisa mostrou que a atuação em instâncias religiosas efetivamente contribui para que as mulheres ampliem seus modos de participar nas culturas do escrito, marcadas, no contexto estudado, pela interação com outras dimensões da linguagem, como o oral, o visual e o gestual. Constatamos, ainda, que os sentidos atribuídos ao lido e ao escrito são regulados pela comunidade de leitores da qual participam.
Estratégias pedagógicas para a promoção da leitura no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Souza Gabriela Barbosa , Silva Ezequiel Theodoro da
Published: June 2021

Este estudo discute o uso de estratégias de ensino para a promoção da leitura no Ensino Fundamental. Analisa-se pesquisas identificadas na base SciELO.br focando a leitura neste nível de ensino; apresenta-se um conceito de leitura e sua importância no contexto socioeducacional, destacando o papel da escola e do educador na organização de um ambiente leitor; posteriormente, discute-se o uso de estratégias didáticas para a mediação da leitura em sala de aula. A didática do ensino da leitura perpassa três discussões: planejamento, desenvolvimento e avaliação de estratégias pedagógicas; o uso de suportes e configurações textuais, além da organização de ambientes interativos de leitura. Destaca-se a importância da socialização das investigações sobre a temática para professores e pesquisadores do Ensino Fundamental, visto que o conhecimento de práticas pedagógicas de mediação de leitura e de instrumentos avaliativos poderá compor um novo leque de possibilidades de atuação neste nível de ensino.
Trends in agricultural and non-agricultural wages in Karnataka state
Authors: Wader Deepa G. , Kulkarn G.N.
Published: June 2021

The present study attempts to analyse trends in growth in agricultural and nonagricultural labourer across the districts of Karnataka state. For the study secondary data of twentyfive years for the period from 1991 to 2015 was collected from the Directorate of Economics and statistics, Karnataka state. Growth rate of both male and female average daily wages are significantly positive, which indicated increasing wage trend in both dry land and irrigated conditions in different study districts. Compound annual growth rate of daily wages of male agricultural labourers in dry land and irrigated condition is comparatively high in Dharawad, Raichur and Hassan districts. The compound growth rates in wages across districts in dry and irrigated regions for female agricultural workers remained almost the same between 9.1 to 13.1 per cent. It could be, therefore, ascertained that there has been only a marginal changes in the wages across the districts of the state. Growth rate in daily wages for carpenter, blacksmith and mochis in different districts ranged between 7.2 per cent to 12.7 per cent per annum. Comparison of the growth rates of agricultural labourer and non-agricultural labourer, showed that agricultural wages grew at a faster rate than non-agricultural wages across the districts. The daily actual wages of both male and female agricultural labourer were compared with minimum wage price in the state revealed that, more than 75 per cent of districts in state are paying below the minimum wages announced for male agricultural labourer, whereas for female agricultural labourer in all the districts of the state showed less than minimum wages.
Economics of pears production in Himachal Pradesh a study of Jubbal and Kotkhai block of district Shimla
Authors: Kumar Sikander , Chauhan Vishal
Published: June 2021

Farm production is the result of the transformation of various resources such as human labour, bullock power, mechanical power, water for irrigation, seeds, manures and fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides and cultivation practices, etc. As these all factor inputs are costly and scarce, the case for their efficient use is self-evident. Moreover, farm resource endowment and the extent of their use on farms has a direct bearing in determining the overall level of crop production. Therefore, it is necessary to study the extent and magnitude of various farm endowments prevailing on farms in different size classes in the study area.The study was conducted at Jubbal and Kotkhai block of district Shimla from where sample of 200 farmers of different holdings were collected to understand the input-output relationship for pears production and was analyized with the Cobb-Douglas production function. From the study we tried to understand the resource efficiency by calculating the elasticity co-efficient of different inputs (labour man-days, land, manures and fertilizers, seeds and others) with regards tooutput and, therefore, determining the economics of scales of fruit.We have found that land, labour, manures and fertilizersinputs are influencing the pears production across all farm size however, small farm size resource efficiency is good as compare to other farm holdings.
Boas práticas higiênico-sanitárias na rotina antropométrica na (pós-) pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Silva Vladimir Schuindt da , Souza Israel , Sehl Paulo Lague
Published: June 2021

resumo A pandemia da COVID-19 afetou diversas atividades humanas, tais como práticas de medições antropométricas, desde o campo clínico e de pesquisa até o campo do ensino. Dada a falta de vacinas e/ou medicamentos eficazes contra a COVID-19, a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) recomendou medidas de prevenção e enfrentamento da doença. Essas recomendações foram posteriormente endossadas pela Sociedade Internacional para o Avanço da Cineantropometria/ International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK), com adaptações às rotinas antropométricas, que complementamos para aplicação abrangente nos diversos segmentos de atuação da antropometria. Este ponto de vista visa enfatizar e contribuir às considerações de segurança das rotinas antropométricas em um mundo pós-COVID-19. Entende-se aqui que o protocolo de biossegurança apresentado neste ponto de vista para retorno e continuidade das atividades antropométricas, no mundo inteiro, independentemente da formação/ capacitação/ atuação profissional, no que diz respeito à vida e às comunidades, também pode ter aplicação recorrente no combate a outros patógenos respiratórios semelhantes para se transformarem em pandemias no futuro. Sugere-se o desenvolvimento de vídeos demonstrativos das recomendações deste ponto de vista para reforçar as boas práticas higiênico-sanitárias a serem adotadas pelos profissionais da antropometria na realização das medições do corpo humano.
Integrative taxonomy reveals disjunct distribution and first record of Hoplias misionera (Characiformes: Erythrinidae) in the Amazon River basin: morphological, DNA barcoding and cytogenetic considerations
Authors: Guimarães Karen L. A. , Rosso Juan J. , Souza Mendelsohn F. B. , Díaz de Astarloa Juan M. , Rodrigues Luís R. R.
Published: June 2021

Abstract The Hoplias malabaricus group encompasses six valid species and still is believed to harbors cryptic diversity. In this work, an integrative approach including morphological, DNA barcoding, and cytogenetic considerations was conducted to characterize a population of H. malabaricus from the Amazon basin that was recently allocated in the same mitochondrial lineage with H. misionera, a species originally described from La Plata basin. The DNA barcoding analysis revealed that the Amazon population nested together with H. misionera specimens from the La Plata basin (BIN AAB1732) in the same cluster. The intragroup distance (0.5%) was 12 times lower than the nearest neighbor (6%) distance. The morphometric analysis demonstrated slightly variation between Amazon and La Plata populations, being the former composed by larger specimens. Further morphological data supported the molecular evidence of H. misionera inhabiting Amazon basin. The karyotype characterization of H. misionera in the Amazon population showed 2n=40 and karyotypic formulae 20m+20sm, that added to C-banding, Ag-NOR and 18S results are suggestive of the similarity to karyomorph C of H. malabaricus. This work reveals the first record of H. misionera outside of La Plata basin and expands the species distribution for 2500 km northward until the Marajó Island, estuary of Amazonas River.
A new species of Moenkhausia (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio Madeira basin, Brazil, with comments on the evolution and development of the trunk lateral line system in characids
Authors: Marinho Manoela Maria Ferreira , Ohara Willian Massaharu , Dagosta Fernando Cesar Paiva
Published: June 2021

Abstract A new species of Moenkhausia is described from the rio Machado drainage, Amazon basin, Brazil. It is diagnosed from congeners by its color pattern, consisting of the concentration of chromatophores on the anterior portion of body scales, the horizontally elongate blotch on caudal peduncle, a bright golden coloration of the dorsal portion of eye when alive, and a dark line crossing the eye horizontally. The new species has variable morphology regarding trunk lateral-line canals. Most fully grown individuals do not have enclosed bony tube in many lateral line scales, resembling early developmental stages of tube formation of other species. This paedomorphic condition is interpreted as a result of developmental truncation. Such evolutionary process may have been responsible for the presence of distinct levels of trunk lateral line reductions in small characids. Variation in this feature is common, even between the sides of the same individual. We reassert that the degree of trunk lateral-line tube development must be used with care in taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, because reductions in the laterosensory system may constitute parallel loss in the Characidae. We suggest the new species to be categorized Near Threatened due to the restricted geographical distribution and continuing decline in habitat quality.
Evidence on the paleodrainage connectivity during Pleistocene: Phylogeography of a hypoptopomatine endemic to southeastern Brazilian coastal drainages
Authors: Pio Nathália Luiz , Carvalho Tiago P.
Published: June 2021

Abstract The coastal basins of southeastern Brazil are influenced by climatic changes that caused sea-level oscillations during the Pleistocene. These marine transgressions and regressions can generate isolation and connection among coastal rivers. In this region, freshwater fishes are excellent models for phylogeographic studies because their distributions may have been affected by geographical and ecological changes resulting from these processes. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Pleistocene sea-level changes on the genetic structure of the loricariid Hisonotus leucofrenatus throughout its area of occurrence. Two genes were sequenced: Cytochrome Oxidase subunit 1 (mitochondrial gene) and rpS7 ribosomal protein gene intron 1 (nuclear gene) from specimens representing 14 river drainages. The genetic data corroborate a divide for freshwater fish by the Serra do Tabuleiro mountain in Santa Catarina State. This divide determines two main genetic groups in H. leucofrenatus: one group to the south and one to the north of this mountain range. The genetic structure observed coincide with the limits of estimated paleodrainage systems for the region, supporting that marine transgressions and regressions during the Pleistocene influenced the biogeographical history of H. leucofrenatus.
Irreverent Movements: Butoh tools for anthropological teaching and research
Authors: Greco Lucrecia Raquel
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT This article explores how certain tools of Butoh and related techniques can become useful devices to sentipensar (think-feel) problematics addressed by anthropology. It first highlights how attention to corporeality and the presence of researchers and learning communities questions logocentric parameters of knowledge production and transmission. Then, based on experiences in teaching, performance and learning, we propose a few Butoh-inspired training devices that can be deployed to further explore topics related to notions of personhood, agency, time, memory, nature-culture and post-humanism, among others.
Comprehensive Forecast of Demand for Inter-regional Rail Freight Transport
Authors: Shirov A. A. , Sapova N. N. , Uzyakova E. S. , Uzyakov R. M.
Published: June 2021

In the article “Comprehensive Forecast of Demand for Inter-regional Rail Freight Transport” by Alexander A. Shirov, Natalia N. Sapova, Elena S. Uzyakova, and Rafael M. Uzyakov, which appeared on pages 1–15 of the 1, 2021 issue, Vol. 17, the Acknowledgments section was omitted. In the online version of the paper the following text of the Acknowledgments section was added: Acknowledgments The article has been prepared with the support of a grant in the form of a subsidy for large scientific projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development in the framework of the subprogramme “Basic research for long-term development and ensuring the competitiveness of society and the state” of the state programme «Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation», the project “Social and Economic Development of Asiatic Russia on The Base of The Synergy of Transport Accessibility, Systemic Knowledge about Natural Resource Potential and Expanding Space of Interregional Interactions”, the agreement No. 075-15-2020-804 with the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (internal grant No. 13.1902.21.0016). This error does not affect the conclusions of the paper. The article has been corrected online.