bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use Immunohistochemistry to Determine the Severity of CD34 Expression in Psoriasis that has been Histopathologically Diagnosed
Authors: Bashir Saima , Khan Muhammad Waqas , Soomro Najia , Zaman Sidra , Nadeem Khurram , Gul Ayesha
Published: February 2022

Objective: The goal of this study is to determine the degree of CD4 expression in histopathologically confirmed cases of psoriasis using immunohistochemistry. Study Design: Cross-sectional/ Descriptive study Place and Duration: Pathology Department of North West School of Medicine (NWSM), Peshawar and Avicenna Medical and Dental College, Lahore for duration of six months April 2021 to September 2021. Methods: There were 80 patients of both genders with age 18-70 years were presented in this study. Informed written consent was taken from all the patients for detailed demographics including age, sex and body mass index. Psoriasis was diagnosed by taking skin biopsy of all the patients. Histopathology slides were made from paraffin-embedded sections of the whole skin biopsy. When examined in the 40x magnification field, the cases were classified as having light staining (4-10 capillaries), moderate staining (11-20 capillaries), or strong staining (21-28 capillaries). On the basis of histopathology, psoriasis was determined to be present when the following features were observed: hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, a munro's abscess, the extension of rete ridges, and abnormalities of the dermal vasculature. SPSS 24.0 version was used to analyze. Results: Majority of the patients in or study were males 55 (68.8%) and the rest were females 25 (31.2%) with mean age 35.51+19.61 years. Mean BMI of the patients was 24.23+11.34 kg/m2. Frequency of moderate staining of CD34 expression was high found in 50 (62.5%) cases, mild staining in 17 (21.3%) patients and 21-28 capillaries (strong staining) in 13 (16.3%) patients. According to histopathological findings hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, a munro's abscess, the extension of rete ridges, and abnormalities of the dermal vasculature majority had moderate (11-20 capillaries) staining of CD34 expression. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that the mild staining expression of CD34 was majority seen among patients of psoriasis. Psoriasis's enhanced cutaneous vasculature has been demonstrated by this crucial angiogenesis marker. As a result, it can be used to better understand the disease's histiogenesis. Keywords: CD34 expression, Histopathology, Immunohistochemistry, Psoriasis
Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Walnut Leaves on Lipid Profile and Atherogenic index in Hypercholesterolemic Rats
Authors: Azhar Rabia , Ali Shazia , Khan Humaira Fayyaz , Farooq Fareeha , Noureen Fakhra , Anjum Aiman Farogh
Published: February 2022

Aims: To determine the effect of Ethanolic extract of walnut leaves on lipid profile i.e seum total cholesterol, triglycerides, Low density and high-density lipoprotein. Atherogenic index in Hypercholesterolemic rats was calculated using serum TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios. Methodology: Total 30 male Sprague Dawley rats were further divided into three groups (C, HC and EE) comprising ten rats per group. Group 1 (Control group, C). Group 2 (Hypercholesterolemic control, HC) and Group 3 (Ethanolic Extract Group EE) were fed high fat diet for 8 weeks before administration of walnut leaf extract. Ethanolic extract (EE) of walnut leaves was given in a dose of (200mg/kg) through gavage needle once daily for four weeks. Blood Sampling was done at the beginning (Baseline, after week 8 and week 12 to perform lipid profile. Results: Serum mid- cholesterol levels (08 weeks) in HC were significantly raised to 164±7.90 mg/dl (p<0.001) as compared to 57.75±6.64mg/dl), which confirmed the development of hypercholesterolemia. Post-cholesterol levels of EE (after 12 weeks) was decreased to 52.8±4.42 mg/dl compared with 153.2±5.92 mg/dl in HC group in (p<0.001). Group 3 had significantly lower levels of of serum triglycerides, LDL and high levels of HDL cholesterol (p<0.001) as compared to HC group 2 and 12 weeks versus 8 weeks of EE of walnut supplementation. The atherogenic index calculated by serum TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios were significantly reduced (p<0.001). Conclusion: Ethanolic extracts of walnut leaves have hypolipidemic effects decreasing serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, serum TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios while elevating the good cholesterol HDL. Keywords: Atherogenic ratio, Cholesterol, Dietary Lipids, Lipoprotein metabolism, Walnut supplementation
Diagnostic Accuracy of Mean Platelet Volume for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) in Patients with Hepatitis C Related Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis Taking Ascitic Fluid Analysis as the Gold Standard
Authors: Rafi Kashif , Nadeem Hassan , Farooq Muhammad Omer , Muhammad Niaz , Jabbar Sadia , Ullah Asmat
Published: February 2022

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Mean Platelet Volume for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) in patients with Hepatitis C related Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis taking Ascitic Fluid Analysis as the gold standard. Study Setting: The study was conducted at Department of Gastroenterology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. Duration of Study: August 29, 2018 to March 1, 2019 Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study Subjects & Methods: Total 180 patients were counseled. Four ml of venous blood samples were taken from all patients using aseptic technique. CBC was done by the auto analyser and MPV was noted. Ultrasound guided 20ml of ascitic fluid was aspirated using aseptic technique. SBP on ascitic fluid analysis and MPV was diagnosed as per operational definition. All the collected data were entered and analysed into SPSS v25.0. A 2x2 table was generated to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy. Data will be stratified for age, gender and duration of liver cirrhosis. Post-stratification, Chi-Square test was applied taking p-value of ≤0.05 as statistically significant. Results: In this study, 180 patients who have Hepatitis C related Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis with intraperitoneal fluid on ultrasound were enrolled. Among these patients, 107(59.4%) were males, while 73(40.6%) were females. Age range in this study was from 20 years to 65 years with mean age of 42.1±12.9 years. Sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of MPV was 75.1%, 55.8%, 84.4%, 41.3% and 70.5% respectively. Conclusion: Mean Platelet Volume can be used for the screening and detection of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) in patients with Hepatitis C related Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis. Keywords: Ascitic Fluid Analysis, Mean Platelet Volume, Liver Cirrhosis.
Study the effect of Bilateral Nasal Packing on Systemic Blood Pressure and Prevalence of Complications Associated with Nasal Packing in Patients who had Undergone Septoplasty
Authors: Haq Naseem Ul , Zada Bakht , Habib Muhammad , Iqbal Zafar , Rasheed Muhammad Tayyab , Khan Muhammad Naseem
Published: February 2022

Aim: The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of bilateral nasal packing on systemic blood pressure in patients treated with septoplasty surgical procedure. Study Design: Retrospective study. Place and Duration: This study was conducted at the department of ENT/ Head & Neck Surgery, Lady Reading Hospital MTI, Peshawar and Chaudhary Muhammad Akram Teaching and Research Hospital, Lahore for duration of one year from October 2020 to September 2021. Methods: One hundred and two men and women who had undergone nasal septoplasty following a clinical assessment were included in this research. From 18 to 48 years of age, the patients comprised this group. Detailed information about each patient, such as age, gender, and place of residence, was gathered after informed consent was obtained from each patient. Group C had no nasal packing placed, whereas typical anterior nasal packing was used in Group D. Both groups were evenly split. A 24-hour ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure was performed on all patients before to and during septoplasty. SPSS 23.0 was used to do statistical analysis on all of the data. Results: 60 (58.8%) of the 102 patients were male, and 42 (41.2%) of the patients were female. A total of 41 (40.2 percent) patients were under the age of 30, 35 (34.3 percent) were between the ages of 31 and 40, and 26 (25.5 percent) were above the age of 40. Rural residents comprised 52% of the patients. Study participants in Group D were found to have higher mean blood pressure (p-Value 0.05) following septoplasty therapy than those in Group C (P-Value >0.05). Group D patients had bleeding, vestibulitis, and septal perforations as a result of their nasal packing procedure. Conclusion: It is determined that bilateral nasal packing was associated with an elevation in either systolic or diastolic blood pressure in individuals who had septoplasty treatment. Patient who did not get nasal packing showed no statistically significant change from the rest of the group. Keywords: Septoplasty, Bilateral Nasal Packing, Systemic blood pressure
Prevalence of Minor Head Injury and its Clinical Management: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Aslam , Shah Irfanullah , Mehmood Khalid
Published: February 2022

Aim: To determine the prevalence of minor head injury and determination a suitable strategy for diagnosis and management Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and duration: Chandka Medical College/Civil Hospital Larkana, (April 2019-March 2020) Methodology: A total of 317 participants with traumatic brain injury (TBI) were included in this study. Out of that number 181 (57.09%) had a Glasgow coma scale of less than 15. A Head CT scan was done after 4 hours of their arrival in the Emergency room (ER). Those patients who had penetrating injuries of the head were excluded from the study. Results: Out of 181 participants who had GCS less than 15, 47 (14.82%) participants had abnormal brain CT scans. A total of 16 (5.04%) needed surgery. Some patients presented with lethal brain lesions. However, even in severe cases, early diagnosis and management were useful. Conclusion: The present approach of risk stratification regarding minor head injuries in adults based on skull radiography should be replaced with NICE guidelines. This modification will result in relying on CT scans rather than skull radiography eventually increasing the rate of admissions. Intracranial lesions can be detected on early CT scanning and help in the reduction of unnecessary admissions in hospitals. Keywords: Minor head injury, traumatic brain injury, computed tomography, skull fractures, intracranial lesions, GCS
Frequency of Hypomagnesemia in Children with Malnutrition
Authors: Baloch Fozia , Qureshi Romana , Memon Shahbaz Ahmed , Abro Falak , Baloch Ayaz Ahmed , Kousar Tasneem
Published: February 2022

Objective: To determine the hypomagnesemia in children with malnutrition at tertiary care Hospital. Patients and methods: This study was conducted in the department of paediatrics at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad from August 2013 to February 2014. All the children aged 06 to 59 months, of either gender had > 06-month duration of malnutrition were recruited and evaluated for hypomagnesaemia. The serum magnesium value < 1.8 mg/dL was considered as hypomagnesaemia. All the information was collected via study proforma and analysis of data was done by SPSS version 26. Result: During six month, 159 children with malnutrition were studied for their magnesium level, of which 70.4% were males and 29.6% were females. The overall mean age of patients was 35.97±12.72 month and mean duration of disease was 9.83±1.41 months. Overall hypomagnesemia was found in 72% children with malnutrition. The overall average of hypomagnesemia was 31.63±10.92 and hypomagnesaemia was observed significantly higher among male children compared to females (p=0.02), and was statistically significant according to the disease duration (p= 0.05). Conclusion: As per study conclusion the hypomagnesaemia observed to be highly frequent (72%) among children with malnutrition. Keywords: Malnutrition, Hypomagnesaemia, Mid-upper arm circumference
Frequency of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and its Causative Organisms among Pregnant Women Visiting for Antenatal Checkup in Outpatient Department of Sims/Services Hospital
Authors: Hafeez Sidra , Hafeez Zarwa , Hafeez Sana , Riaz Saima , Yousaf Anzeela
Published: February 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria and causative organisms that are responsible for the development of bacteriuria in pregnant women visiting antenatal checkup in outpatient Department in hospital. Methodology: This was a Cross sectional study conducted in the Outpatient department of Gynecology, SIMS/Services Hospital, Lahore after taking ethical approval. The duration of the study was about six months. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used in the study. Any gestational age, all pregnant women with no clinical symptoms of bacteriuria were included in the study. Frequency and percentages was determined for qualitative data like asymptomatic bacteriuria and causative agent (i.e., Staph Aureus, E.coli, Klebsiella pneumonae). Results: A total of 220 pregnant women were selected. Their mean age were reported 26.12±4.08 years ranging from 17-37 years. Culture and sensitivity results confirmed 16(7.3%) cases with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Among 16 positive cases, E.coli was the predominant organism isolated in 8(50%) samples followed by Staphylococcus aureus in 4(25%) samples, Klebsiella in 1(6.25%), Candida Species in 1 (6.25%) and mixed growth in 2(12.5%) sample were detected in urine culture and sensitivity test. Conclusion: This study concludes that frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria was uncommon amongst those pregnant women who attended for antenatal checkup. Most predominant pathogen isolated from culture was Escherichia coli followed by Staphylococcus aureus. Keywords: Bacteriuria, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus
Al Dakhil Shi’ah wa Al-Khawarij
Authors: Fithrotin Fithrotin
Published: February 2022

Berbagai infiltrasi yang mendistorsi penafsiran Al-Qur’an terus terjadi, hal itu disebabkan faktor eksternal dan internal. Keberagaman dalam penafsiran terjadi pada abad pertengahan. Pada periode ini, Ideologi dari berbagai madzab ikut memberikan corak penafsiran Al-Qur’an, sehingga melahirkan corak beragam, seperti madzab Syi’ah dan Khawarij1.Dari corak penafsiran yang ada, terdapat corak penafsiran yang dianggap unik karena penafsiran tersebut dipengaruhi aliran tertentu. Penelitian ini fokus pada sekte Syah dan Khawarij beserta hubungannya dengan penafsiran Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan motode library research.Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif-analisis dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa studi dokumentasi menggunakan teknik content analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Syi’ah muncul karena faktor politik yang di dasarkan fanatisme kepada ahlul bait. Khawarij muncul karena faktor politik dan kekecewaan pada keputusan Ali bin Abi Thalib pada peristiwa tahkim. Hal ini membuat Khawarij keluar dari barisan Ali dan kemudian membuat kelompok sendiri dan berkembang dengan doktrin yang sangat keras dan radikal. Konsekuensi atas keimanan Syiah dan khawarij terhadap otoritas Al-Qur’an sebagai wahyu Nabi Muhammad adalah masing-masing sekte berusaha mencari sandaran dalam Al-Qur’an untuk mengokohkan dan meligitimasi doktrin dan ajaran dalam madzhab mereka yang terkadang memaksakan dengan takwil yang menyimpang dari makna orisinal Al-Qur’an sehingga pada perkembangannya muncul infiltrasi dalam tafsir Al-Qur’an yang tidak sesuai dengan apa yang dituju dan di kehendaki oleh ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an itu sendiri.
Analisis Kelebihan dan Kekurangan dalam Pembelajaran Daring di SDN Pesanggrahan 01 Kota Batu Malang
Authors: Nurkholis Irfan
Published: February 2022

Pandemi covid-19 yang semakin tidak terkendali penyebarannya, mengakibatkan pembelajaran yang selama ini berlangsung secara normal menjadi terganggu. Pemerintah dipaksa mengambil langkah dalam proses pendidikan dengan melaksanakan pembelajaran secara online (daring) dari rumah. Pembelajaran secara daring adalah salah satu alternatif yang diharapkan dapat mengatasi masalah tersebut. Disisi lain sistem pembelajaran ini menuntut siswa memiliki fasilitas yang tepat guna mendukung pembelajaran yang sesuai. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran kelebihan dan kekurangan pembelajaran daring yang dilaksanakan di SDN Pesanggrahan 01 Kota Batu. Berdasarkan data di lapangan penggunaan teknologi belum maksimal dilihat dari beberapa kondisi guru yang berusia lanjut. Kondisi lain, masih banyak siswa yang tidak memiliki gawai untuk mengikuti pembelajaran daring karena ekonomi atau orangtua yang bekerja sepanjang hari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Responden yang digunakan sebagai data penelitian sebanyak 14 tenaga pendidik. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kelebihan pembelajaran daring lebih banyak dibandingkan kekurangannya. Inovasi dan perbaikan pembelajaran diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan.
Penerapan Model Discovery Learning untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Operasi Hitung Bilangan Bulat Siswa Kelas V
Authors: Mucholladum Muhammad Wildanum
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan penguasaan perkalian pada siswa dan meningkatkan proses pembelajaran mata pelajaran Matematika serta meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak tiga putaran. Setiap putaran terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan, refleksi dan refisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas V SDN Manyaran 4 Kelas V Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021 dengan jumlah peserta didik 15 siswa. Data awal yang diperoleh berupa hasil tes formatif dan dilengkapi lembar observasi kegiatan belajar mengajar. Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa sebelumnya adalah kurang dari 55, namun setelah peneliti menerapkan model discovery learning sebagai sarana mamahami operasi hitung bilangan bulat didapatkan hasil yang memuaskan yaitu rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 70 dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 84. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti telah berhasil meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disarankan agar guru yang kondisi lingkungan hampir sama dengan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti sebaiknya menggunakan metode pembelajaran discovery learning.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Kelas IV SDN Blimbing Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Sulistiana Indra
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA menggunakan model pembelajaran problem based learning pada peserta didik kelas IV SDN Blimbing, Kec. Gurah, Kab.Kediri. Berdasarkan temuan peneliti terkait pembelajaran jarak jauh yang sekarang sedang dijalani di sekolah-sekolah di Indonesia karena pandemi Covid-19 membuat hasil belajar siswa di SDN Blimbing menurun. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil penilaian yang dilakukan oleh guru. Hanya 25% siswa SDN Blimbing Kelas IV yang mampu memenuhi KKM, sedangkan 75% siswa lainnya belum mampu memenuhi KKM yang telah ditentukan. Dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning membuat siswa belajar untuk menghadapi masalah pada dunia nyata untuk memulai pembelajaran. Sebelum siswa mempelajari konsep/materi, siswa akan diberikan sebuah masalah yang harus dipecahkan. Oleh karena itu, untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut siswa akan memiliki kesadaran terhadap kebutuhan pengetahuan baru yang harus dipelajari untuk memecahkan masalah yang diberikan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SDN Blimbing Kab. Kediri. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari prosentasi ketuntasan pada siklus I sebesar 60 %  meningkat menjadi 85 % pada siklus II. Berdasarkan kesimpulan tersebut, saran yang dapat disampaikan adalah sebaiknya guru mencari metode yang tepat sesuai dengan materi yang akan diajarkan kepada siswa. Guru hendaknya selalu melakukan refleksi setelah melakukan proses pembelajaran.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN, PERSEPSI DAN SARANA PRASARANA TERHADAP MOTIVASI DALAM MEMPERTAHANKAN GIGI TETAP
Authors: Mery Novaria Pay
Published: February 2022

Motivasi adalah dorongan dasar dalam menggerakkan seseorang bertingkah laku lebih baik untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya. Motivasi untuk mempertahankan gigi tetap yang berlubang dilihat dari nilai performed tretment index (PTI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan, persepsi dan sarana prasarana terhadap motivasi dalam mempertahankan gigi tetap yang berkaries pada pasien yang berkunjung ke poli gigi Puskesmas Kupang Kota. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 63 orang. Variabel persepsi dan sarana prasarana diukur dengan kuesioner menggunakan skala Likert. Variabel pengetahuan menggunakan pernyataan benar dan salah untuk mengetahui motivasi pasien   dalam mempertahankan gigi tetap yang berkaries pada pasien berkunjung ke poli gigi Puskesmas Kupang Kota. Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengetahuan (p=0.340) dan persepsi (p=0.023) tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan dengan motivasi. Hasil analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa variabel sarana prasana (p=0.000) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap motivasi. Variabel sarana prasana memberikan kontribusi sebesar 57.4% (R2=0.574) terhadap motivasi dalam mempertahankaan gigi tetap pada pasien yang berkunjung ke poli gigi Puskesmas Kupang Kota. Hasil penelitian, Semakin baik sarana prasana kesehatan gigi maka semakin tinggi motivasi dalam mempertahankan gigi tetap yang berkaries. Pengetahuan dan persepsi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi dalam mempertahankan gigi tetap yang berkaries
PELAKSANAAN KEBIJAKAN KEPEMIMPINAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Ismah  , Utami Budiyati
Published: February 2022

Kepemimpinan lembaga pendidikan Islam diperlukan untuk menciptakan suasana  kondusif dalam membangun  strategi untuk memajukan lembaga pendidikan Islam. Diperluknan juga kemampuan manajeril agar dapat mengatasi berbagai persoalan lembaga pendidikan Islam tersebut. Tugas kepemimpinan anatara lain mengarahkan, membimbing, mempengaruhi atau mengawasi perilaku pelaksana pendidikan.  Untuk itu pemimpin lembaga pendidikan Islam  perlu memiliki sikap  keraifan  dalam mengatasi berbagai persoalan.
Bioprospecção e potencial biotecnológico de fungos endofíticos associados a plantas do Cerrado
Authors: Torres Flavia Luana , Bogas Andréa Cristina , De Andrade Paulo Henrique Marques , De Sousa Cristina Paiva , Lacava Paulo Teixeira
Published: February 2022

Os microrganismos endofíticos são fungos ou bactérias que colonizam o interior dos tecidos vegetais sem causar dano à planta hospedeira. Os fungos endofíticos têm interessado a comunidade científica devido à produção de metabolitos secundários com aplicação nas indústrias biotecnológicas e farmacêuticas. Desta forma, o presente estudo objetivou isolar, purificar, identificar genotipicamente e avaliar a atividade antagônica, o potencial biotecnológico para solubilização fosfato e produção de enzimas de 66 fungos endofíticos de folhas e ramos isolados de S. adstringens e S. lycocarpum St. Hill. Para isso, folhas e caules saudáveis de S. adstringens e S. lycocarpum foram coletadas e submetidas à assepsia superficial. Após a incubação do material botânico procedeu-se o isolamento, identificação molecular dos fungos endofíticos. Posteriormente, os isolados endofíticos foram avaliados in vitro quanto ao potencial antagônico contra os fitopatógenos Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium oxysporum e Lasiodiplodia subglobosa, quanto a solubilização de fosfato inorgânico e a produção de enzimas (amilase, celulase, pectinase, protease, lipase e esterase). Os resultados mostraram que a comunidade endofítica fúngica associada à S. adstringens é composta por: Diaporthe sp., Neopestalotiopsis sp., Nigrospora sp., Paraconiothrium sp., Phomopsis sp., Pseudofusicoccum sp., Schizophyllum sp. e Xenoacremonium sp. e os gêneros da comunidade fúngica de S. lycocarpum St. Hill. é composta por: Colletotrichum sp., Curvalaria sp., Diaporthe sp., Neurospora sp., Phlebiopsis sp., Phomopsis sp. e Schizophyllum sp.. Os fungos endofíticos se mostraram promissores contra Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium oxysporum e Lasiodiplodia subglobosa sendo observados elevados índices de inibição e a maioria das interações do tipo A, onde há um bloqueio de crescimento do fitopatógeno com contato micelial do fungo endofítico. Além disso, os fungos endofíticos apresentaram potencial de solubilizar fosfato inorgânico com índice de solubilização de fosfato médio. Quanto à produção de enzimas, os isolados fúngicos de ambas as espécies vegetais apresentaram maior atividade pectinolítica com produção de pectato liase e a poligalactorose. Com base nos resultados o estudo evidencia a importância dos fungos endofíticos na produção de compostos de interesse para biotecnologia e para a conservação das espécies vegetais do Cerrado, as quais abrigam esses micro-organismos promissores.
Contribuições da pesquisa-ação para a Educação Inclusiva
Authors: Telles Lívia Catarina Matoso dos Santos , Moret Márcia Cristina Florêncio Fernandes , Mendonça João Guilherme Rodrigues , Rodrigues Marlene
Published: February 2022

A pesquisa-ação é um método que consiste em elucidar problemas sociais e técnicos, cientificamente relevantes, por intermédio de grupos de pesquisadores e interessados que buscam a resolução de problemas ou transformação de uma realidade. Objetiva-se o aprofundamento de reflexões sobre as possíveis contribuições da pesquisa-ação como instrumento pedagógico e científico na Educação Inclusiva, buscando transformar as ações de segregação em ações de inclusão. Para tanto, como metodologia, assume-se uma perspectiva qualitativa, por meio da revisão bibliográfia sobre a temática em questão, apresentando como resultados a importância da pesquisa-ação na construção de práticas e ações inclusivas no ambiente escolar. No campo educacional, a pesquisa-ação tem impactos positivos no processo ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos(as), além de trazer contribuições para o desenvolvimento de uma educação emancipadora. É possível realizar intervenção na realidade, possibilitando novos olhares para os problemas enfrentados pelos estudantes público-alvo da Educação Especial, oportunizando desenvolvimento social, político, crítico e acadêmico.
Ciclo de produção de cogumelos comestíveis cultivados em resíduos lignocelulósicos da fruticultura Amazônica: um estudo de caso
Authors: Coelho Maria , Figueiredo Adrya da Silva Figueiredo , Martim Salomão Rocha Martim , Teixeira Maria Francisca Simas Teixeira
Published: February 2022

Alimentos saudáveis com propriedades terapêuticas está impulsionando a produção e a comercialização de espécies de Pleurotus. Em escala comercial, esses cogumelos são cultivados em matriz sólida, utilizando diferentes substratos orgânicos. Resíduos lignocelulósicos disponíveis na Amazônia vêm demonstrando potencial para obtenção de basidiomas de Pleurotus.   Este trabalho apresenta contribuições científicas promissoras que demonstram os ciclos de produção de Pleurotus ostreatoroseus e P. albidus, cultivados em resíduos da fruticultura amazônica pela tecnologia da fermentação no estado sólido. Essas espécies desenvolveram a fase micelial completa em grãos de trigo (spwan), em 15 dias e cinco dias, respectivamente. Porém, demonstraram diferentes ciclos produtivos quando cultivadas em exocarpo de cupuaçu misturado com farelo de arroz. P. ostreatoroseus apresentou dois ciclos de produção. No entanto, P. albidus foi observado apenas um fluxo produtivo, caracterizado pela maturação e colheita dos basidiomas. Resíduos lignocelulósicos da fruticultura amazônica são substratos eficientes para a produção de P. ostreatoroseus e P. albidus.
A formação do pedagogo do século XXI, quebrando paradigmas
Authors: Medeiros Paulo , Da Silva Rosangela
Published: February 2022

Este texto tem por objetivo identificar os desafios da profissão do Pedagogo na atualidade, afim se superar o preconceito relacionado ao professor homem e o ensino na Educação Infantil e Anos Iniciais. É um estudo pautado na pesquisa qualitativa, fundamentado em estudo bibliográfico com base no materialismo histórico, na busca de dialogar com os autores que discutem a temática. Em um no primeiro momento realiza um breve histórico sobre a profissão do pedagogo, entendendo como se deu a ascensão da mulher no campo de trabalho do magistério no Brasil, assim como o contexto histórico que este fato aconteceu, ao passo que esse processo levou o afastamento do homem do ensino voltado às crianças menores.  Em um Segundo momento discute-se o a reinserção do homem na profissão de pedagogo na Educação Infantil e nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, contribuindo para a superação do paradigma que envolve o homem e a pedagogia. As reflexões realizadas neste estudo contribuem para desvelar algumas ideias que permeiam a sociedade e o senso comum no que tange ao trabalho do professor homem nas escolas da Educação Infantil e do Ensino Fundamental dos Anos Iniciais.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA PENDERES GULA KELAPA (GULA CETAK DAN GULA SEMUT/KRISTAL) STUDI KASUS ANGGOTA KOPERASI WANITA SRIKANDI KABUPATEN PURWOREJO, PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Nurlaila Fatmawati
Published: February 2022

Deres coconut is a plantation commodity that is widely cultivated in Purworejo Regency. Deres coconut produces sap which is a raw material in the manufacture of ant/crystal sugar and molded sugar. The research was conducted in Loano and Kaligesing sub-districts, Purworejo district. In general, the purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility level of coconut sugar crushing business including production costs, revenues, income, profits, Break Even Point (BEP) and Revenue/Cost Ratio (R/C). The method used in this study is a survey which was analyzed descriptively. The selection of research locations was carried out by purposive sampling. The research sample was taken by disproportionate stratified random sampling on 30 respondents, by analyzing secondary data and primary data. Primary data retrieval from respondents was carried out by means of interviews and questionnaires. While secondary data obtained from records found from agencies related to the research. The results of the study showed that the search for business includes production costs of Rp. 7,023,054.17/5 months, revenues of Rp. 8,314,595.53/5 months, income of Rp. 6,906,145,53/5 months, profits of Rp. 1,291,541.36/5 months, BEP for ant/crystal sugar production is not feasible, BEP ant sugar/crystal production is not feasible and BEP price for ant/crystal sugar is not feasible, BEP price for ant/crystal sugar is not feasible, R/C ratio 1.18 (worthy).
Keywords: feasibility, coconut sugar grinder, molded sugar, ant/crystal sugar
KERAGAAN VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU PADI SAWAH DENGAN SISTEM TANAM JAJAR LEGOWO 4:1 DI DESA GRENGGENG KECAMATAN KARANGANYAR KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Diah Budiati  , Umi Barokah
Published: February 2022

The cropping system in rice cultivation is very influential on the components of cultivation and crop production. This influence occurs in light capture for photosynthesis, plant water requirements, nutrient absorption by roots, space availability which determines weed competition with plants, and microclimate under the canopy which affects the development of pests and plant diseases. The jajar legowo planting system gave better yields on the number of tillers, weight of grain per tonne and index of increasing the number of leaves. Another obstacle in Grenggeng Village, Karanganyar District, is the lack of information about new superior varieties of rice and the jajar legowo planting system to farmers so that farmers still plant Ciherang and IR64. For these problems, a solution is needed so that the rice production of farmers in Grenggeng Village, Karanganyar District can increase, namely by introducing new high-yielding varieties of rice by testing the performance of new high-yielding varieties of rice and planting with the jajar legowo planting system. The research was carried out in Grenggeng Village, Karanganyar District, Kebumen Regency from October 2020 to March 2021. A total of seven new high yielding varieties of lowland rice and three farmers' favorite comparison varieties, namely Ciherang, Mekongga, and IR64 were tested in this study. Planting was carried out by transplanting using 25 Days After Sowing (HSS) seeds as much as 1 seed/planting hole with a 4:1 row legowo planting system with a spacing of 25 cm x 12.5 cm x 50 cm on a plot measuring 8 m x 5 m. The study was arranged using a Completely Randomized Block Design with four replications.
Keywords: new, rice, system, variety
PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL JAGUNG HIBRIDA PULUT PUTIH DENGAN IDEOTIP TANAMAN TEGAK DI KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA
Authors: Nuha Ulin , Dhoni Kusuma  , Rennanti Lunnadiyah Aprilia  , Aulia Rahmawati
Published: February 2022

Corn as a commodity whose use is increasingly widespread today, namely as a direct food ingredient, animal feed and industrial raw material makes this commodity the 2nd commodity whose crop development and expansion has increased sharply in the last 10 years. The aims of this study were: (1) to find out the Pulut hybrids which have better morphological and agronomic characters than the comparison varieties, Pulut URI 1 and URI 2 Pulut varieties. Pulut URI 2 at the Banjarnegara rice field location. This research was conducted using a Randomized Completed Block Design, with 3 replications. If there is a difference in the mean value of the variety in the F test, it is continued with the Least significance different (LSD) test at the 5% significance level. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the application of foliar fertilizers did not have a significant effect on the observed variables including plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, total leaf area, root dry weight and shoot dry weight.
Keywords: Corn pulut, Fertilizer, Production
THE SOCIAL MEDIA IMPACT ON BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Academician Yuriy Bugay International Scientific and Technical University, Khudolei Veronika
Published: February 2022

The key role of the social media impact on the progressive business development is determined. The leading social media platforms used by marketers worldwide are identified. The key social media opportunities for business (revenue, brand awareness / development, networking, recruitment) are described. The major benefits of social media for business are justified. Among these benefits are customer insights improvement, better customer service, cost efficient, connectivity, establishing brand awareness and sales. As a result of the analytical and empirical studies, it is proposed business promotion constituents in social media. Their implementation by business owners will make it possible to carry out stable activities in the short and long term.
PECULIARITIES OF EXPORT ACTIVITY OF UKRAINIAN MODERN ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Academician Yuriy Bugay International Scientific and Technical University, Karpenko Oksana , Parkhomenko Dariia ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies
Published: February 2022

The article is focused on the need to strengthen the position of Ukrainian enterprises in the competitive market of the European Union (EU). Explicit and implicit trade barriers to the entry of Ukrainian producers in the European market are determined. The explicit barriers can be considered inconsistency of Ukrainian technical regulations, standards, procedures, sanitary and phytosanitary measures of food and non-food safety with European regulations, procedures and standards, as well as the existence of import duties on most goods exported to the EU. Implicit trade barriers should be considered as tacit barriers that prevent Ukrainian enterprises from export activities. These are risks which theoretically may be faced by EU buyers when cooperating with Ukrainian producers and suppliers. And here, the distrust of European consumer to products manufactured in Ukraine comes to the fore. Export activity of a modern Ukrainian enterprise requires to introduce changes in enterprise management and product quality in accordance with international standards, familiarization with requirements of European legislation in the sphere of export and import activities, perception of needs, preferences, trends of European market and general increase of competence in matters of full-fledged foreign economic activity.
EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR PRODUCTIVITY AS FUNDAMENTAL PRECONDITIONS FOR INCLUSIVENESS OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Kharchenko Yuliia
Published: February 2022

The article assesses the level of employment and labor productivity in Ukraine as a basic indicator of assessing the level of regional development and focuses on increasing these indicators among citizens of all ages. It is emphasized that a significant challenge at the regional level is limited employment opportunities, and inefficient labor productivity contributes to the emergence of many problems that hinder the development of local communities. Such problems are rising unemployment and social tensions, passivity of community residents, declining gross output and total productivity in communities due to irrational use of human resources. Lack of strategic development planning in territorial communities, migration outside the territorial community and increase in the general demographic and tax burden on the able-bodied population, as active community members usually migrate, while those who are passive and need protection remain.
APPROACHES TO EVALUATION OF PARTNERSHIP IN CONDITIONS OF INCREASING COMPETITIVENESS OF COMPANIES
Authors:   National University of Pharmacy, Shut Oksana , Svitlychna Karyna ,   National University of Pharmacy
Published: February 2022

The main goal of any modern company in a changing socio-economic environment is to maintain and expand its market position, growth or, at least, stable profits. This is possible only with a focus on profit maximization. The main factor in increasing profits is the high level of competitiveness of the company. Today in Ukraine there is increasing competition, as a result of which company executives are constantly looking for new management tools and levers to increase competitiveness. One of such tools is the organization of effective interaction with stakeholders in the successful operation of the company. Every company, even a small one, has several groups of entities with different interests with which it can be in temporary or permanent cooperation. One of the management theories - stakeholder theory, which reflects the development of partnerships - is devoted to the study of these interests, by solving emerging problems between external and internal participants, building relationships between partners. Approaches to assessing the level of development of partnerships are proposed. The advantage of this method is its versatility, which makes it possible to apply it in various fields of activity and industries, subject to a reasonable choice of directions for assessing specific local indicators. It has been proven that the processes of partnerships evaluation and management are a permanent process with multilateral strategic focus. At the same time, the main goal of this process is to provide the partnership participants with additional competitive advantages that arise as a result of effective partnership interaction.
Avances y desafíos: reflexiones sobre la importancia de una política de cuidados y la participación de mujeres desde una perspectiva de género en el marco de la COVID-19
Authors: Garay Báez Alejandra , Franco Violeta , Recalde Ana , Reuter Anahí
Published: February 2022

Este trabajo se plantea reflexionar sobre avances y desafíos que representa hoy la cuestión de género en el marco de la COVID-19 respecto al trabajo de cuidado y la participación de las mujeres. Al respecto se plantea el contexto y algunos conceptos acerca de las Políticas de Cuidados, entendiendo éstas como el “conjunto de actividades de atención y apoyo físico que son necesarias para el desarrollo y el bienestar físico y emocional de las personas en las diferentes etapas de su ciclo de vida” (Documento Marco de Política de Cuidados, 2019, p. 6), las cuales “se intensificaron y representan, hasta hoy, la base del sostenimiento de la cuarentena y el muro de contención contra la propagación de la COVID-19” (Ayala, 2020). El trabajo concluye afirmando la necesidad de sostener una mirada crítica y un posicionamiento del tema en los espacios académicos, organizacionales e institucionales (sector público y privado).
Requirement Gathering Techniques Widely Used in Global Software Engineering: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Mubashir Ali
Published: February 2022

The research paper is solely based upon conducting the study with respect to analysis of the recent work done in the field of Global Software Engineering (GSE). It is massively spreading within various organizations. GSD is significant with respect to cost reduction, efficiency in context of delivery of software and extending economic resources. The working model of GSE is a complex and there are certain threats that are directly targeting the audiences. The factors affecting are the differences in context of Culture and geographic distances that can directly affect the performance of a software process. One of the important aspects that is kept in consideration in Global Requirement engineering is particularly communication. The issues with respect to communication can be divided further into theteam and targeted clients. The study is highlighting the concept is to generate the best practices in Global software engineering (GSE) along with Lexicon model. The research has focused on more than one technique along with demonstrating their advantages to present a solution and a technique that can be adopted to generate requirements in GSE.
Performance Evaluation of Dynamic Routing Protocols
Authors: Waleed Iftikhar
Published: February 2022

Routing protocols are an essential component while performing routing. Majority of the researches put stress on the analysis of the security of IPv6 routing protocols as a future research work. In case of DB query response time, EIGRPv6 did not perform well as compare to other two routing protocols. While for voice and video, jitter, packet end-to-end delay, EIGRPv6 performed best among other routing protocols. Their evaluation involved four pairs of scenarios and each pair dedicated to respective routing protocols to be analyzed. Finally, their results also predicted that communication between ISIS and OSPF routing protocols is quite noticeable. The major purpose of their research was to figure out the best possible combined solution of routing protocols in a complex scenario to provide a seamless flow of communication. While, in the combined network, RIP-OSPF combination had a low CPU utilization in comparison to EIGRP-OSPF combination. This paper will conduct a performance evaluation and analysis of routing protocols, RIP, OSPF, EIGRP and IGRP using different performance metrics. In a  situation where there are frequent network topological changes, RIP and IGRP are the least suited routing protocols. While EIGRP and OSPF are the best suited routing protocols in a changing network environment. OSPF can be a better choice than EIGRP considering transmission cost and router overhead, while EIGRP performed best in terms of convergence, utilization, delay and throughput. Hence it becomes really difficult to select among OPSF and EIGRP. Future research can be based on selecting a routing protocol among OSPF
Comparison of Various Load Balancing Techniques in a Centralized and Distributed Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Khadija Javed
Published: February 2022

cloud computing presently plays a significant job in our lives. The cloud is a platform that provides high accessibility, dynamic asset pools, and virtualization. By improving, it enables a huge reduction in cost. Load Balance in cloud computing is very important. For cloud computing, there are different techniques available that have different parameters. Many methods are used centrally and some are used in cloud computing distributed environments. In this exploration, we have thought about both, brought together and conveyed methods after picking the best load-balancing procedure that depends on various parameters, for example, execution, over-burden, throughput, reaction time, and movement time.
Usability Analysis of University Websites in Pakistan
Authors: Jawad Hassan
Published: February 2022

Usability analysis of a website determines how easy it is for the user to navigate between the pages, find information of interest, and his overall experience of the usage. Good website design is focused on the user experience. Usability is one of the major factors deciding the product's value. It can decide what value the product holds for its user hence the importance of website usability cannot be ignored. In this research, we have used different, manual, and automated heuristic evaluation methods to determine the usability of different Pakistani University websites. Our main goal is to provide some insight on the usability of these University websites as no such work has been done in the past on this. We evaluate a system based on heuristic evaluation and usability standards to measure its score. We also conducted an online survey on University students to get their feedback on their University website. We concluded that the user experience of most of the University websites in Pakistan fails from the usability perspective and students usually have to face a hard time finding the relevantinformation.
Cryptographic Compression Techniques along with some Penetrating Attacks and Possible Security Measures
Authors: Sobia Sattar
Published: February 2022

Information security relates to protecting advanced secrecy unit that presents unapproved access to PCs, individual databases, and sites. Cryptography watchesclients by giving utility to the mystery composing of information and affirmation of different clients. The need is to develop the techniques of lessening the number of bytes expected to speak to a provided arrangement of facts and figures. It licenses sparing a pile of learning. Organizations ensure information protection by using firewalls and mystery composing components. Cryptography is one of the best approaches to send and receive confidential information from one node to another. There are multiple data encryption systems available and AES is one of them. The data security framework contains privacy, quality, and respectability. In this article, we will embrace to imagine logical order of mystery composing, pressure and most absolutely varying sorts of assaults alongside fluctuated contrasting sorts of safety efforts that can be connected in venture with the prerequisite and style of the system.