bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of over-summer snow storage at mid-latitude and low elevation
Authors: Weiss Hannah S. , Bierman Paul R. , Dubief Yves , Hamshaw Scott
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Climate change, including warmer winter temperatures, a shortened snowfall season, and more rain-on-snow events, threatens nordic skiing as a sport. In response, over-summer snow storage, attempted primarily using wood chip insulation, has been successfully employed as a climate change adaptation strategy by high elevation and/or high latitude ski centers in Europe and Canada. Such storage has never been attempted at low-elevation, mid-latitude sites nor have studies quantified snowmelt rate through the summer or correlated snow melt rate with environmental characteristics including ground and air temperature, humidity, wind, and solar radiation. Such data, along with tests of different insulation strategies, are needed to optimize snow storage strategies. Here, we assess the melt rates of two snow piles (each ~ 200 m3) emplaced during spring 2018 in Craftsbury, Vermont (45° N and 360 m asl). We monitored volume change over the melt season using terrestrial laser scanning. We continually logged air-to-snow temperature gradients under different insulating layers including rigid foam, open cell foam, and wood chips both with and without an underlying insulating blanket and an overlying reflective cover. We also measured ground temperatures to a meter depth both under and adjacent to the snow piles and used a snow tube to measure snow density. Snow volume of the two piles changed similarly over the summer, with minimum rates of change (−0.29 m3 day-1 and −0.88 m3 day-1) in September and maximum volumetric loss rates in July of −1.98 m3 day-1 and −2.81 m3 day-1. Snow density changed little over time indicating that most volume reduction was the result of melting. Wet wood chips underlain by an insulating blanket and covered with a reflective cover was the most effective combination for minimizing melt, likely because the surface reflected incoming shortwave radiation while the wet wood chips provided significant thermal mass, allowing much of the energy absorbed during the day to be lost as blackbody radiation at night. Together, the data we collected demonstrate the feasibility of over-summer snow storage even at mid latitudes and low altitudes and suggest efficient insulation strategies.
El Estado regulador. Implicancias para el control judicial de la discrecionalidad administrativa
Authors: Carbajales Mariano Osvlado
Published: April 2019

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo replantear los criterios sobre los que se asienta actualmente el control judicial de la discrecionalidad administrativa. Hoy, las sentencias judiciales limitan al máximo el margen de apreciación o libre elección hacia las autoridades administrativas en situaciones imprevistas. Por ello, en el presente artículo nos proponemos mostrar la necesidad, dado el modelo de Estado de Bienestar actualmente vigente, de un nuevo paradigma en el control judicial de la administración pública que, a un mismo tiempo, recoja, oriente y regule las reglas de la economía en procura de la satisfacción más plena del bien común. Para ello el derecho administrativo, junto con el poder judicial, se constituyen como dos herramientas jurídicas esenciales que, más que confrontación o tensión, como hemos visto hasta hoy, requieren coordinación de una parte y autorrestricción por la otra.
Análise dos riscos não clínicos em um centro de material e esterilização.
Authors: Leal-Neto Clóvis Portela , Silva Rávida Da Rocha Lima , Carvalho Simone Barroso de , Sousa Valdênia Maria de , Araujo Viviany De Sousa , Pereira Francisco Gilberto Fernandes
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Analisar os riscos não clínicos de um centro de material e esterilização (CME). Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, analíticoe longitudinal, realizado entre março e novembro de 2017 no CME de um hospital regional do interior do Piauí. A coleta de dados ocorreu em turnosdistintos, utilizando um formulário. A análise foi realizada conforme classificação do grau de severidade e probabilidade do risco. Resultados: Os riscosergonômicos estão parcialmente em conformidade. Os riscos de queimaduras, choques elétricos e incêndio se mostraram preocupantes, pois têm quesitosem não conformidade. Quanto aos riscos biológicos, existe falta de treinamento/capacitação dos profissionais acerca da contaminação por equipamentosperfurocortantes. Os riscos mais encontrados foram os de classe 1 e os menos encontrados, os de classe 3. Conclusão: Houve maior registro defatores para risco de classe 2, ou seja, moderado.
Impacto dos estudos da professora Kazuko
Authors: Bohomol Elena
Published: April 2019

Comentários sobre o artigo de revisão, de autoria da Profª Drª. Eliana Auxiliadora Magalhães Costa, intitulado “Reprocessamento de Produtos: Estado da arte à luz dos estudos de Kazuko Uchikawa Graziano”, publicado na última edição da Rev. SOBECC [2018;23(3):143-154].
Perfil de mulheres com alto risco para síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono
Authors: Brelaz de Abreu Leonília , Gomes Jacqueline Ramos de Andrade Antunes , Carlos Miranda Verner Glayson , Lôbo Campos Thaís , De Mendonça Motta Ana Caroline , Da Silva Araújo Weslei , Ribeiro Letícia Santos , Villela Silva Derré Torres Rafael
Published: April 2019

Introdução: A síndrome da apneia obstrutiva é considerada de alta prevalência na população, primariamente relacionada ao sexo masculino ecom pouca informação sobre os sinais clínicos e o perfil epidemiológico em mulheres. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil clínico e verificar a associação das variáveiscom o alto risco de mulheres desenvolverem síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono. Método: Trata-se de um estudo analítico e quantitativo, commétodo retrospectivo de coleta de dados das consultas ambulatoriais realizadas no período de junho de 2014 a junho de 2016 no Ambulatório de AvaliaçãoPerioperatória de um hospital regional do Distrito Federal. Resultados: Verificou-se a existência de uma associação de dependência entre a síndrome daapneia obstrutiva e as seguintes variáveis: faixa etária, índice de massa corporal, tromboembolismo venoso, presença de hipertensão arterial sistêmica ediabetes mellitus. Não houve associação significativa com o tabagismo ou com a presença de algum preditor de via aérea difícil. Conclusão: Mulheresobesas, hipertensas, com risco de trombose e maiores de 40 anos possuem maior risco de síndrome da apneia obstrutiva.
Cirurgia segura: avaliação da adesão ao checklist em hospital de ensino
Authors: Marquioni Francielle Souza do Nascimento , Moreira Tiago Ricardo , Diaz Flávia Batista Barbosa de Sá , Ribeiro Luciane
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Estimar a adesão ao checklist de cirurgia segura em um hospital de ensino de médio porte. Método: Estudo transversal com umaamostra de 334 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia no ano de 2015. Os dados foram coletados com auxílio de um instrumento baseado no checklist padrão daOrganização Mundial da Saúde. A amostra foi descrita por distribuição de frequências. A prevalência de adesão ao checklist foi estimada considerando a presençado instrumento de checagem nos prontuários. A análise bivariada investigou a associação do desfecho com as variáveis independentes. A força dessaassociação foi evidenciada por meio da Regressão Logística. Resultados: Verificou-se a existência do checklist em 90,72% dos prontuários. Nenhuma cirurgiaapresentou checklist totalmente preenchido. Em nenhum instrumento foi encontrado o preenchimento completo dos três momentos cirúrgicos.A existência do checklist no prontuário foi associada à classificação da cirurgia quanto à urgência (OR=4,3; IC95% 1,88–8,73). Conclusão: Mesmo que ochecklist já tenha sido introduzido na prática cirúrgica, os resultados revelam que sua adequada utilização ainda se configura como um grande desafio,podendo comprometer os resultados esperados na segurança cirúrgica.
Pacientes intensivos na recuperação pós-anestésica: dificuldades na assistência de enfermagem
Authors: Jardim Dulcilene Pereira , Machado Lisiane Vidal Lopes
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Descrever as dificuldades da equipe de enfermagem na assistência ao paciente intensivo na Recuperação Pós-Anestésica (RPA).Método: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, realizado com 40 profissionais de enfermagem que atuam na RPA de um hospital público no Rio Grande doSul, por meio da aplicação de um questionário. Resultados: É frequente a admissão de pacientes intensivos no setor, e as maiores dificuldades da equipeestão relacionadas à demora do atendimento médico e multiprofissional, presença de familiares em situações de emergência e oferta e manuseio dosequipamentos, como respiradores e bombas de infusão. Quanto à assistência propriamente dita, as maiores dificuldades são a realização de medidas deprevenção de lesão por pressão e o preenchimento dos registros. Conclusão: Ressalta-se a necessidade de adequação no dimensionamento da equipede enfermagem em cada plantão, segundo a quantidade e a classificação dos pacientes no período, bem como a presença exclusiva do enfermeiro e domédico intensivista 24h/dia, sendo todos os colaboradores habilitados para oferecer assistência de qualidade ao paciente intensivo admitido na RPA.
Problem Based Learning: A Student-Centered Approach
Authors: Ali Sheeba Sardar
Published: April 2019

Problem-based learning is a teaching method in which students’ learn through the complex and open ended problems. These problems are real world problems and are used to encourage students’ learning through principles and concept. PBL is both a teaching method and approach to the curriculum. It can develop critical thinking skill, problem solving abilities, communication skills and lifelong learning. The purpose of this study is to give the general idea of PBL in the context of language learning, as PBL has expanded in the areas of law, education, economics, business, social studies, and engineering. It encourages students to develop skills that can be useful for their future and in practical life within a team environment. For the language classroom in Arab countries, where English is spoken as a foreign language PBL can be very useful. Trained teachers can design problems to meet the needs of the learners, that can be useful to improve English practically in social context.
Integration of Cotton Plant Resistance With Selected Organic Boll Weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Control Tactics
Authors: Campos Karolayne Lopes , Araújo Tamiris Alves de , Showler Allan T. , Luz Carlos Eduardo Almeida , Silva Weslley Brandão da , Figueiredo Cícero Célio de , Torres Jorge Braz , Bastos Cristina Schetino
Published: April 2019

The boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is one of the key pests and limiting factors to cotton production in conventional and organic systems. We assessed the use of resistant and susceptible cotton cultivars, a neem-based insecticide (Natuneem), and trapping with an A. grandis grandis aggregation pheromone as possible control tactics. In the first of two growing seasons we evaluated resistance of colored fiber cotton cultivars BRS 200, BRS Rubi, BRS Safira, and BRS Verde, and white fiber cotton BRS Aroeira, against A. grandis grandis attack. In the second growing season we assessed three colored cotton cultivars grown in and without close association of BRS Aroeira, and two control tactics: the neem-based pesticide and trapping. Because BRS Aroeira showed resistance against A. grandis grandis in the first growing season, it was selected to be planted in close association with more susceptible colored cultivars in the second growing season. Field plots with white and colored cotton cultivars reduced the need to control A. grandis grandis using the neem-based pesticide. Control by the neem-based pesticide and by trapping were of comparable value although the traps provided measurable control during early cotton growth stages and the neem-based pesticide provided measurable control during later cotton growth stages.
Registration and Georeferencing of the Family Farming Production Chain in Itapúa Department, Paraguay
Authors: Roos Hector T. , Pires Fabio S. , Giotto Enio , Pimenta Bruna D. , Villalba Enrique O. H.
Published: April 2019

This work aimed to develop two computerized systems, modeled to record and provide information about family farming activities within Itapúa Department-Paraguay. Meetings were held with Government members and municipal technicians to obtain all the requirements and to gather all the details that are relevant for the development of the application. Thus, with all the available information, it was possible to organize and structure the two proposed systems to collect data on rural producers, their properties, their production, family composition, livestock production, processed products, infrastructure, input use, etc. As a result an application for Android called C7-SustenLAF and a Web system was developed, where the main application’s function is to carry out the data registration of the rural producers, thus providing georeferenced data, in turn the Web system has the purpose of generating and structuring the information as well as enable data retrieval by giving a series of filter options for different characteristics that are registered from the application. Thus, it is expected that these systems, used specifically to give information, can help the Government of Itapúa - Paraguay to take strategic actions and give support to the Family Farming field, contributing to better management and technical assistance to producers.
Socio-economics of Acai Production in Rural Communities in the Brazilian Amazon: A Case Study in the Municipality of Igarapé-Miri, State of Pará
Authors: Silva Junior José Itabirici de Souza e , Rebello Fabrício Khoury , Lima Herdjania Veras de , Santos Marcos Antônio Souza dos , Santos Paola Corrêa dos , Lopes Maria Lúcia Bahia
Published: April 2019

The Acai, a fruit of the Acai tree (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), is one of the main foods consumed by the riverside communities in the Brazilian Amazon. In addition, it has become the main source of income of these small producers as its consumption has widely expanded since the 1990s due to the recognition of its properties as an energetic and functional food. In order to analyze the production system and the socioeconomic changes that occurred in rural communities whose economical support is from the management of the Acai tree, a case study was carried out in two communities on the island of Mamangal, in the municipality of Igarapé-Miri, in the state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. Fifty-two semistructured questionnaires were applied to the Acai farming families in these communities located in the municipality in the largest Brazilian producer of this fruit. The main transformations observed in the assessed communities, especially since the last decade, were influenced by the access to electric energy and the expansion of income from the Acai that made possible the expansion of the acquisition of durable consumer goods that even contributed to diversifying the diet of those farmers. Some of the difficulties faced by Acai production are the lack of technical assistance and rural extension services as well in addition to the strong dependence of the communities on the income generated by the Acai.
Influence of Climate Change on Food Crop Yield in Benin Republic
Authors: Hounnou Fèmi E. , Dedehouanou Houinsou , Zannou Afio , Bakary Sofwaan , Mahoussi Elisée F.
Published: April 2019

World climate is projected to be more harmful and unforeseeable. A threefold combination of temperature, precipitation and potential evapotranspiration leads to climate change with a negative effect on staple food crop production. To understand the sensitivity of staple food crop yield to future change in climate, this paper uses the feasible generalized least square (FGLS) and heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation (HAC) consistent standard error techniques function to quantify the effects of climate variables on the mean and variance of crop yields. Data from FAOSTAT website and national institutions such as temperature, precipitation and crop areas cultivated for period 1961-2015 for Benin country are used. Climate variables are computed according to each crop growing season. The results showed that climate change could significantly influence the mean crop yields and could significantly affect the crop yield variability. The contribution of climate variables to crop yield varies across staple crop yields and they were predicted to decrease about 2025. In order to ensure food availability in the context of climate change, support to agricultural sector and especially to staple food crops production should be focused on seeds improvement by generating, developing and extending drought and flood-tolerant varieties. The results also implicate the promoting of irrigated agriculture.
Development and Productivity of Jatropha curcas Plants Treated With Growth Regulators
Authors: Amorim V. A. , Amaro C. L. , Rossato L. V. , Freitas I. A. S. , Simão K. G. , Lima G. H. F. de , Parreira G. S. , Borges L. P. , Gardin J. P. P. , Matos F. S.
Published: April 2019

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of plant growth regulators (PGR) on the vegetative development and productivity of Jatropha curcas plants. A field experiment was conducted at the Goiás State University, Brazil, using two-year-old J. curcas plants planted with spacing of 3 × 2 m, using foliar applications of two PGR—trinexapac-ethyl and prohexadione-Ca. A randomized block design was used with four treatments (trinexapac-ethyl at 1 ml plant-1—T1; prohexadione-Ca at 2 mg plant-1—T2; trinexapac-ethyl at 1 ml plant-1 plus prohexadione-Ca at 2 mg plant-1—T3; and Control—T4), five replications, and plots consisting of two plants. Two applications of a 300 ml plant-1 solution with the treatments were performed with a 30-day interval after the leaf emergence period (late September and October 2017). The trinexapac-ethyl and prohexadione-Ca plant growth regulators increased the grain yield of Jatropha curcas plants by increasing their vegetative growth, and number of inflorescences, and female and hermaphrodite flowers, but had no effect on the uniformity of fruit maturation. The treatment in which both plant growth regulators were used presented the best results, generating more vigorous and productive plants.
Botanical Extracts of the Brazilian Savannah Affect Feeding and Oviposition of Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)
Authors: Couto Irys Fernanda Santana , Silva Sandra Verza da , Valente Fabricio Iglesias , Araújo Bruno Sena de , Souza Silvana Aparecida de , Mauad Munir , Scalon Silvana de Paula Quintão , Mussury Rosilda Mara
Published: April 2019

The indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides caused an increase in the resistance of Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to almost all classes of insecticides, as well as affected the environment and non-target organisms. Thus, the search for less harmful alternatives with the purpose of reducing the application of these insecticides has become a priority. A possible alternative to reduce the use of synthetic insecticides is by using botanical insecticides, given the thousands of existing compounds derived from secondary metabolism in plants. In this study, we tested the following hypotheses: (i) the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of native plants reduce the food consumption of larvae and oviposition of adults of P. xylostella; (ii) these botanical species can act as potential plant insecticides. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of plant extracts on the feeding preference of larvae and oviposition of adults of P. xylostella. For this, cabbage discs treated with aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Schinus terebinthifolius, Annona coriacea, Annona crassiflora and Serjania marginata were given to larvae. The concentrations used for the aqueous extracts were of 5 and 10 mg mL-1, and for the ethanolic extracts were of 1 and 5 mg mL-1. Both extracts of the four tested plant species showed oviposition suppressed. The extract of S. marginata showed the lowest rates of suppression. All treatments with ethanolic extracts showed a phagodeterrant effect being that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. crassiflora and S. terebinthifolius were the most effective as antifeedants on third instar larvae by P. xylostella.
Boron Desorption Kinetic in Calcareous Soils
Authors: Al-Ameri Baydaa H. A.
Published: April 2019

Boron release (desorption) is one of the important factors use in estimating fertilizers use efficiency and management of boron in agricultural soils and correlation soil properties with it availability to plant. Chemical kinetics for boron desorption experiment was carried out of boric acid (source for boron fertilizer) under controlled conditions in three calcareous soils (clay, loamy and sandy loam) from central Iraq at three temperatures (278, 298 and 308 Kelvin), by using six mathematical and empirical equations viz. Zero order, First order, Second order, Parabolic diffusion, Power function and Elovich equation were used to study kinetic behavior of boron in calcareous soils.

Elovich equation was the best for predication and describing boron released with highest correlation r = 0.942 and t value (9.004), and lowest SE.e (0.530) where boron release rate constant (K) was positively correlated with temperature (r = 0.978). Released rate constant (K) was increased from 0.329 to 0.561 hrs-1 as increasing incubation temperature from 278 to 308 K. Soils texture effect in boron release activation energy (Ea) in three soils under study. The overall average of boron release activation energy of three soils was 15.284 and the highest was 20.923 in clay soil and the lowest amount was 4.596 in sandy loam while loamy soil gave 20.332 KJ mol-1.
An Original and Additional Mathematical Model Characterizing a Bayesian Approach to Decision Theory
Authors: Pierpaolo Angelini
Published: April 2019

We propose an original mathematical model according to a Bayesian approach explaining uncertainty from a point of view connected with vector spaces. A parameter space can be represented by means of random quantities by accepting the principles of the theory of concordance into the domain of subjective probability. We observe that metric properties of the notion of $\alpha$-product mathematically fulfill the ones of a coherent prevision of a bivariate random quantity. We introduce fundamental metric expressions connected with transformed random quantities representing changes of origin. We obtain a posterior probability law by applying the Bayes' theorem into a geometric context connected with a two-dimensional parameter space.
De professionele voetballer en de beëindiging van zijn arbeidsovereenkomst
Authors: Branco Martins Roberto
Published: April 2019

De professionele voetballer en de beëindiging van zijn arbeidsovereenkomst

Contractstabiliteit in het internationale voetbal versus de vergoeding bij de eenzijdige beëindiging van de arbeidsovereenkomst door de voetballer. De auteur gaat in op de eigenaardigheden van dit onderwerp en concludeert dat een intro van een objectieve rekenmethode de gelijkheid tussen werkgever en werknemer meer in balans brengt.
A 2.5D APPROACH TO SKIN WRINKLES SEGMENTATION
Authors: Decencière Etienne , Belhedi Amira , Koudoro Serge , Flament Frédéric , François Ghislain , Rubert Virginie , Pécile Isabelle , Pierre Julien
Published: April 2019

Wrinkles or creases are common structures on surfaces. Their detection is often challenging, and can be an important step for many different applications. For instance, skin wrinkle segmentation is a crucial step for quantifying changes in skin wrinkling and assessing the beneficial effects of dermatological and cosmetic anti-ageing treatments. A 2.5D approach is proposed in this paper to segment individual wrinkles on facial skin surface described by 3D point clouds. The method, based on mathematical morphology, only needs a few physical parameters as input, namely the maximum wrinkle width, the minimum wrinkle length, and the minimum wrinkle depth. It has been applied to data acquired from eye wrinkles using a fringe projection system. An accurate evaluation was made possible thanks to manual annotations provided by three different experts. Results demonstrate the accuracy of this novel method.
UNBIASED ESTIMATION OF NORWAY SPRUCE (PICEA ABIES L. KARST.) CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE: HETEROGENEITY WITHIN NEEDLE MESOPHYLL UNDER DIFFERENT IRRADIANCE AND [CO2]
Authors: Kubínová Zuzana , Glanc Natália , Radochová Barbora , Lhotáková Zuzana , Janáček Jiří , Kubínová Lucie , Albrechtova Jana
Published: April 2019

The main objective of this study was to find out whether the selected chloroplast characteristics measured in the mesophyll layer nearest to the needle surface (i.e., the first mesophyll layer) could be representative for the whole needle cross section. Two chloroplast sampling approaches were applied on Norway spruce needles during the investigation of the effects of different levels of air CO2 concentration and irradiance: (i) sampling only from the first mesophyll layer, and (ii) systematic uniform random (SUR) sampling. The selected characteristics were: (i) chloroplast area, (ii) starch grain area, and (iii) starch areal density on median chloroplast cross sections, and (iv) chloroplast number per unit of needle volume. It was shown that the first mesophyll layer was not representative for estimating all evaluated characteristics except the chloroplast area. Sampling only there caused obtaining slightly biased results, while SUR sampling gave unbiased estimations at the cost of longer measuring time. The major effect of studied factors was in starch areal density and starch grain area, which were larger in sun needles in elevated CO2 concentration in comparison with sun needles in ambient CO2 concentration. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the first layer of mesophyll is not always representative for the needle cross section. If technically feasible, SUR is recommended for analysis of chloroplast ultrastructure. The simplified sampling design can be applied, e.g., for comparisons of many different treatments. However, it should be combined with other approaches to characterize the chloroplast function and the results carefully considered and interpreted.
ON THE ROLE OF HISTOMORPHOMETRIC (STEREOLOGICAL) MICROSTRUCTURE PARAMETERS IN THE PREDICTION OF VERTEBRAE COMPRESSION STRENGTH
Authors: Wojnar Leszek Karol , Gądek-Moszczak Aneta , Pietraszek Jacek
Published: April 2019

The well-documented relation between bone mineral density (BMD) and bone compression strength constitutes the basis for osteoporosis diagnostics and the assessment of fracture risk. Simultaneously, this relation demonstrates a considerable scatter of results as bones of identical mineral density may have significantly different properties. The experimentally confirmed theorem that two materials or tissues of identical microstructure have identical properties leads to the evaluation of various quantitative stereological parameters (also referred to in biomedicine as histomorphology). These parameters, obtained from analysis of 2D or 3D images, have been used in numerous attempts to explain changes in bone strength. Although numerous correlation dependencies, often with high correlation coefficients, were evaluated, we do not know which parameters are worth evaluating, and there is no physical interpretation of these relations. An extended statistical analysis was accomplished on the basis of analysis of 3D images from 23 lumbar (L3) vertebrae scanned with micro-CT and the results of subsequent compression tests. A new parameter called SDF (structure destruction factor) was proposed in order to characterise the quality of 3D trabecular structures, and its significance was demonstrated. The final correlation function, which uses only three stereological parameters, made it possible to predict compression strength with considerable precision. The estimated values correlated very well with the apparent values (correlation coefficient r=0.96). Finally, the stereological parameters most suitable for characterisation of bone compression strength were chosen and a mechanism responsible for the changes in mechanical properties was proposed. The results obtained defined the necessary improvements in diagnostic techniques that would allow for more efficient quantitative microstructure evaluation and guidelines on how to improve treatment of patients with weakened bones.
The testing of an artificial modified bacterial cellulose auricle skeleton in an animal model
Authors: Miśkiewicz Stefan , Grobelski Bartlomiej , Pasieka Zbigniew , Miśkiewicz Marta
Published: April 2019

The intention of these study was assess if the modified bacterial cellulose can be used as an artificial auricle skeleton.
Introduction: The auricle is one part of the external ear. It consists of skin, cartilage muscles and adipose tissue, wherein the cartilage gives shape to the structure There are several indications for reconstruction, such as congenital anomalies, mechanical injuries and burns, and a range of methods have been proposed for complete reconstruction of the auricle. Matherial and methods: A bacterial cellulose membrane at least 25 mm in thickness was produced in vitro by Actobacter xylinum culture. The entire artificial human auricle skeleton was made to scale to allow its implantation into an animal model Wistar rats Forty rats were divided into four groups of 10 animals. Each group was assigned a different resection time: 14 days, 30 days, 90 days or 720 days. After each resection, an examination of the artificial skeleton and the tissues surrounding it was conducted. The surgical procedure was based on the Nagata technique
Results: Resection after 14 , 30 , 90 and 720 days shows progression of healing process and integration of artificial skeleton in to the animal body. There are no signs of shape change and deterioration of the skeleton.
Disscusion: Several surgical techniques and biotechnological methods have been developed over the past few years to improve the results of facial reconstruction. Other approaches can be used to create auricle cartilage which are based on scaffolds and chondrocytes.
Conclusion: My findings indicate that modified bacterial cellulose can be used to form an effective artificial auricle which appears to maintain its shape and elasticity, with no signs of degradation being observed.
Preferences of patients with inflammatory bowel disease for receiving specialized health services using technology: the role of Internet and other sources of medical information
Authors: Włodarczyk Marcin , Włodarczyk Jakub , Zalewska Karolina , Olczyk Mariusz , Maryńczak Kasper , Gajewski Przemysław , Małek Zbigniew , Cetnar-Sokołowska Zuzanna , Sobolewska-Włodarczyk Aleksandra , Dziki Adam , Dziki Łukasz
Published: April 2019

INTRODUCTION: It is notable that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have insufficient knowledge about their disease and are willing to be more involved in their treatment. Nowadays medical information are easily available and health related topics state the third most frequent reason for using the Internet. Therefore patient’s health related self-awareness and willing to take part in medical decisions has improved. The possibility of choice of specialized health services may have positive effect on patient’s satisfaction. The aim of the study was to characterize the extent of Internet use for health information among a representative sample of the IBD patients and to examine the effects that Internet and other resources of information about specialized health services has on patients' pick of a doctor and hospital department.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 135 IBD patients admitted to the Department of
General and Colorectal Surgery at Medical University of Lodz were asked to complete a anonymous questionnaire. Only 123 fully completed questionnaires were included for analysis. Study group involved 68 women and 55 men.

RESULTS: 85,4% IBD patients used Internet in order to gather medical information about their disease. Age of those patients was significantly lower than these patients who didn’t use Internet. The most reliable source of information about physician was Internet. Opinions and recommendations gathered from Internet have notable influence on patients' preference of hospital department and attending physician.

CONCLUSIONS: Majority of patients used Internet as a source of medical
information related to IBD. Opinions obtained from the Internet seem to be the most reliable regarding attending physicians treating IBD patients.
Analiza istotnych politycznie przemian taoizmu — od filozoficznej wolności do religijnego autorytetu
Authors: Komarzyca Daniel
Published: April 2019

This paper provides an analysis of the gradual degeneration of philosophical-libertarian Taoism (the Lao-Zhuang tradition, including Neo-Taoism) into religious-authoritarian Taoism (the Huang-Lao tradition, including Taoist religion). It emphasizes not only the influence of Yang Zhu and Hui Shi on early Taoist philosophy but also the influence of Legalism (and Indian Buddhism) on later religious-authoritarian Taoism. The main thesis of the paper is that the transformation of Taoist political thought was caused primarily by the rulers' policy.
Polityka presuicydalna w państwie – wybrane aspekty bezpieczeństwa obywatela
Authors: Stradomska Marlena
Published: April 2019

The article is an analysis of the deliberations on legal and psychological issues. The thesis will include the most important theses on factors protecting against the act of suicide in relation to social life. In the 21st century, the problem of self-destruction is extremely significant, because every year many citizens in each country take their lives. An important aspect is that an individual feeling safe in the family, the local environment, society and the state has a better chance of maintaining mental well-being. The issue of citizenship lies on the border between administrative law and international law. Each state imposes many duties on its citizens, grants them rights as well as takes responsibility for them and protects them against foreign states. The starting point for existing legal regulations concerning the institution of Polish and international citizenship should be the definition of the concept and its practical consequences. This knowledge will determine further considerations regarding the treatment of a citizen as responsible for his fate of an individual who has certain characteristics, obligations, as well as rights and opportunities. In the present sense, citizenship is considered a legal state of submission on the legal status of a natural person. About civic education in the broader aspect should take care of the smallest social group which is the family. The task of this social unit is first and foremost a civic education of the individual, it also depends on implanting the citizen with respect and love for the homeland and shaping the national idea. In this case, the work will refer to suicide policy issues and protective factors that may weigh and determine the aspect related to the citizen's mental life.
Biofilm and methods of its eradication
Authors: Szlauer Wojciech , Obłąk Ewa , Paluch Emil , Baldy-Chudzik Katarzyna
Published: April 2019

Microorganisms occur in the natural environment in the form of planktonic or create biofilms, i.e. communities of cells surrounded by the extracellular matrix. This is possible due to the phenomenon of quorum sensing, i.e. the ability of microorganisms to estimate their own density and change the expression of genes in response to them. Within such a structure, microorganisms are protected against harmful environmental conditions, their metabolic profile and the level of expression of individual genes are also changed, which leads to an increase in the pathogenicity of organisms associated in the form of biofilms. They pose a huge threat to hospital patients because they are capable of residing abiotic surfaces, such as catheters and endoprostheses, and can cause infection.
The current methods of combating microbes with antibiotics and fungicides lose their effectiveness, both due to the increasing drug resistance of clinically relevant strains, but also to the very properties of biofilms. This determines the need to search for new and effective methods (physical, chemical and biological) to eradicate biofilms
Poznańska demokratyczna „O!mega szkoła” – kontynuacja brytyjskiej Summerhill
Authors: Tomaszek Beata
Published: April 2019

Przedmiotem rozważań podjętych w artykule jest edukacja demokratyczna. Wprowadzona w pionierskiej szkole Summerhill wciąż nie ma wiernego odzwierciedlenia w Polsce. Na przestrzeni minionej dekady powstało kilka placówek opartych na idei zaczerpniętych z brytyjskiej szkoły. Ich powstanie jest wyrazem potrzeby stworzenia miejsca, w którym dzieci mogłyby kształcić się zgodnie z własnymi zainteresowaniami, w atmosferze sprzyjającej rozwojowi wrodzonych predyspozycji. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie znaczenia koncepcji edukacji demokratycznej we współczesnej praktyce pedagogicznej. Czytelnik znajdzie w nim charakterystykę teoretycznych i praktycznych założeń poznańskiej szkoły demokratycznej „O!mega” w odniesieniu do znanej w badaniach nad oświatą koncepcji szkoły Summerhill.
НЕОРГАНИЗОВАНО ПРОВОЂЕЊЕ СЛОБОДНОГ ВРЕМЕНА КАО УЗРОК АСОЦИЈАЛНОГ ПОНАШАЊА МЛАДИХ
Authors: Јовичић Лидија
Published: April 2019

Истраживања су показала да млади и дјеца често не проналазеначине како и на који начин иксористити слободно вријеме. За њих често кажемо да судезорјентисани, да се досађују, да су неактивни, незаинтересовани и слично. Таквипојединци имају нереалну слику о себи, немају самопоуздања, емоционално сунеуравнотежени и сл. Они најчешће проводе слободно вријеме једнолично, без педагошкихосмишљених и прихватљивих активности, и тешко остварују интеграцију са окружењем,односно са другим људима, групама, колективом, друштвеном средином, итд. Слободновријеме испуњава појединца ако је он задовољан или спонтан. Осим тога, слободновријеме може бити и извор низа проблема и негативних појава као што су асоцијалногпонашање и малољетничка делинквенције. Овај рад, управо има за циљ да нам да одговореда ли неорганизовано провођење слободног времена утиче на појаву асоцијалног понашањакод младих, односно да се испитају разлике у квалитету различитих активности укоришћења слободног времена између ученика који испољавају и ученика који неиспољавају асоцијално понашање.
ЛЕКСИКА У НАСТАВИ ЕНГЛЕСКОГ ЈЕЗИКА
Authors: Петровић-Томанић Оливера , Ристић Милош , Мутапчић Андреа
Published: April 2019

Циљ овог рада је да се и наставници и ученици страног језика бољеупознају са лексичким системом енглеског језика и препознају важност усвајања новихријечи у процесу учења новог језика. Питање вокабулара је сагледано и кроз различитетеорије и приступе у учењу страног језика, од традиционалог приступа, преко директноги аудиолингвалног метода, па све до комуникативног и лексичког приступа којицентралну улогу приписује управо лексици. Сагледани су значењски односи међу ријечима(синтагматски и парадигматски), како ученици усвајају вокабулар, стратегије за учењенових ријечи, фактори који утичу на усвајање ријечи и технике које се користе заподучавање значења нових ријечи. Представљени су и резултати истраживања међустудентима о корисности и ефикасности појединих техника за учење нових ријечи.
МРГУДА, ЦРНКА (UMBRA KRAMERI WALBAUM, 1792) УГРОЖЕНА ВРСТА У МОЧВАРИ ГРОМИЖЕЉ
Authors: Ћурчић Миленко
Published: April 2019

Најзначајније откриће у новембру 2008. године у мочвари Громижељна локалитету Лакетића вир је веома ријетка риба Umbra krameri, позната у народу подименом мргуда или црнка. Ова мала риба дужине 10-12 cm настањује споротекуће истајаће воде Евроазије. Углавном је везана за муљевито дно гдје се при опасности одисушивања укопава у муљ.Umbra krameri је крајње угрожена врста на свим стаништима у којима живи. УЛакетића виру гдје је откривена и детерминисана заступљена је са великим бројемјединки што указује да је бројност њене популације на овом локалитету веома израженау односу на бројност њене популације у Специјалном резервату природе “Засавица” уРепублици Србији.Налаз Umbre krameri на локалитету Лакетића вир у мочвари Громижељ је досада једино доказано станиште ове врсте у Републици Српској и Босни и Херцеговини. Доданас ова мочвара је добила статус Претходне заштите првог степена.Umbra krameri се налази на црвеној листи IUCN заштите у категорији VU (рањива).
SOCIJALNO NEPRILAGOĐENO PONAŠANJE DJECE PREDŠKOLSKE DOBI
Authors: Macanović Nebojša
Published: April 2019

Disfunkcionalnost društva sve višeutiče na pojavu raznih oblika devijantnogponašanja djece i mladih. Asocijalnoponašanje mladih je sasvim uobičajenapojava čiju fenomenologiju proučavajurazne naučne discipline, a u ciljusagledavanja što adekvatnije prevencijetakvih pojava. Ipak, neki socijalno neprilagođenioblici ponašanja sve više seuočavaju i kod djece predškolskog uzrasta.Takvi oblici ponašanja, ako se u tomperiodu ne koriguju mogu postati ozbiljanproblem u školskom uzrastu kada sudjece izložena i većim uticajima rizičnihfaktora. Zato je adekvatna socijalizacijadjece predškolskog uzrasta jako važna.Polazeći od navedenog aspekta u radućemo predstaviti moguća rizična ponašanjadjece predškolskog uzrasta, kao inačin pedagoško – psihološkog rada satakvom djecom.
ИНOВATИВНИ ДOПРИНOСИ EМИЛA КAМEНOВA ПРEДШКOЛСКOJ ПEДAГOГИJИ И ИМЛИКAЦИJE НA СAВРEМEНO ПРEДШКOЛСTВO – EМИЛOВИ ДAРOВИ
Authors: Jaнкoвић Aлeксaндaр , Филипoвић Сaњa
Published: April 2019

У тeoриjи и прaкси прeдшкoлскe пeдaгoгиje кaкву смo имaли нaпрoстoримa бившe Jугoслaвиje, a чиje импликaциje сe мoгу прeпoзнaти и у сaврeмeнojoбрaзoвнoj прaкси, вeлики нaпoри су били усмeрeни нa прoнaлaжeњe квaлитeних мoдeлaoргaнизaциje и прaктичнoг дeлoвaњa у дoмeну друштвeнe бригe, зaштитe и вaспитaњaпрeдшкoлскe дeцe. Упoрeдo сa тим, трaгaлo сe и зa aдeквaтним рeшeњимa нa плaнустручнe литeрaтурe нaмeњeнe вaспитaчимa у прaкси или прoфeсиoнaлнoj припрeми,зaтим стручним сaрaдницимa и рoдитeљимa, кao и зa нajбoљим рeшeњимa у вeзипoвeзивaњa тeoриje и прaксe. У тoм смислу, нa пoљу прeдшкoлскe пeдaгoгиje, пoрeдoстaлих пeдaгoгa, свojим инoвaтивним и у прaкси примeњивим тeoриjским пoглeдимa,интeрпрeтaциjaмa и рeшeњимa пoсeбнo сe истицao aкaдeмик Српскe aкaдeмиjeoбрaзoвaњa, Eмил Кaмeнoв. Мултидисциплинaрнoст и интeгрaлнoст Eмилoвe кoнцeпциjeу вeликoj мeри je изгрaђивaнa пoд утицajeм тaдaшњe свeтскe прaксe и нaучнoутeмeљeних мoдeлa чиja искуствa и дoстигнућa je Кaмeнoв eкспeртски имплeмeнтирao усвojу прeдшкoлску кoцeпциjу (нa примeр, у вeзи eкспeримeнтaлних вaспитних прoгрaмa,игрe или тeмaтскoг плaнирaњa, кao рaзних oбликa ствaрaлaчкoг изрaжaвaњaпрeдшкoлскe дeцe). Узимajући у oбзир oпсeг дeлoвaњa мoдeлa прeдшкoлскe пeдaгoгиje имeтoдикe вaспитнo-oбрaзoвнoг рaдa кojу je крeирao Eмил Кaмeнoв, oд вeликoг je знaчajaнaпрaвити прeглeд њeгoвих тeoриjских схвaтaњa и у прaкси примeњивaних идeja, пoсeбнoутицaja кojи je извршиo нa сaврeмeну пeдaгoшку прaксу.
VALJANOST TESTOVA SPECIFIČNIH VJEŠTINA U FUDBALU I NJIHOVA PRIMJENA U EVALUACIJI I KONTROLI TRENINGA
Authors: Dragosavljević Slavko , Sekulić Željko , Ilić Nikola
Published: April 2019

Cilj ovog istraživanja je bilo utvrđivanje valjanosti testova specifičnih vještina u fudbalu. Uzorak je bio sastavljen od 80 fudbalera muškog pola uzrasta 13-16 godina (M=15,1 god; s=1,1; raspon=3,83; min=13; max=16,83). Određena je valjanost 12 testova fudbalskih vještina iz SoccerTutor Skill Tester baterije testova. Prvo je utvrđena kriterijska valjanost testova, odnosno istovremena valjanost kao poseban tip kriterijske valjanosti. Koeficijent istovremene valjanosti je obuhvatio korelacije rezultata testova i rezultata subjektivne sudijske procjene. Statističku značajnu povezanost sa kriterijem pokazalo je 8 od ukupno 13 varijabli. To su bili testovi za procjenu kotrole lopte u kretanju, specifične agilnosti u fudbalu, i po jedan test specifične kontrole lopte i test za procjenu elevacijske preciznosti dodavanja. Konstrukt valjanost testova je utvrđena primjenom metode razlike između poznatih grupa. U ovom radu ispitanici su grupisani u tri grupe (dominantni, dobri, slabi) na osnovu subjektivne trenerske procjene. Na osnovu rezultata analize varijanse utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika između grupa na osnovu rezultata 6 testova. To su testovi slalom sa loptom, slalom bez lopte, osmice sa loptom, dugo dodavanje, trčanje sa loptom povratno i žongliranje stopalima.
Variations in ecosystem service value in response to land use/land cover changes in Central Asia over 1995-2035
Authors: Li Jiangyue , Chen Hongxing , Zhang Chi , Pan Tao
Published: April 2019

Acute farmland expansion and rapid urbanization in Central Asia have accelerated land use/land cover changes, which has significant effect onecosystemservice. However, the spatio-temporal changes in ecosystem service values in Central Asia are not well understood. Here, based on land use products with 300-m resolution for the years of 1995, 2005 and 2015 and transfer methodology, we predicted LUCC for 2025 and 2035 using CA-Markov, assessed changes in ecosystem service value in response to LUCC dynamics, and explored the elasticity for the response of ESV to LULC changes. We found significant expansions of cropland and urban and shrinking of water bodies and bare land during 1995-2035. Overall ESVs had an increasing trend from 1995-2035, which was mainly due to the increasing cropland and construction land. The combined valueofecosystemservices of cropland, grassland, water bodies accounted for over 90% of the total ESVs. However, LULC analysis showed that the area of water body reduced by 21.80% from 1995 to 2015 and continued to decrease by 21.14% from 2015 to 2035, indicating that approximately 63.37 billion US$ of ESVs lost in Central Asia. Biodiversity, food production and water regulation were major service functions, accounting for 80.52% of the total ESVs . Our results demonstrated that theeffective land-usepolicies should be made to control farmland expansion and protect water bodies, grassland and forestland for better sustainable ecosystem services.
Novel citation-based search method for scientific literature: a validation study
Authors: Janssens Cecile , Gwinn Marta , Brockman J. Elaine , Powell Kimberley , Goodman Michael
Published: April 2019

Objective: We recently developed CoCites, a citation-based search method that is designed to be more efficient than traditional keyword-based methods. The method begins with identification of one or more highly relevant publications (query articles) and consists of two searches: the co-citation search, which ranks publications on their co-citation frequency with the query articles, and the citation search, which ranks publications on frequency of all citations that cite or are cited by the query articles. Materials and Methods: We aimed to reproduce the literature searches of published systematic reviews and meta-analyses (n=250) and assess whether CoCites retrieves all eligible articles while screening fewer titles. Results: CoCites retrieved a median of 75% of the articles that were included in the original reviews. The percentage of retrieved articles was higher (88%) when the query articles were cited more frequently and when they had more overlap in their citations. Applying CoCites to only the highest-cited article yielded similar results. The co-citation and citation searches combined were more efficient when the review authors had screened more than 500 titles, but not when they had screened less. Discussion: CoCites uses the expert knowledge of authors to rank related articles. The method does not depend on keyword selection and requires no special expertise to build search queries. The method is transparent and reproducible. Conclusion: CoCites is an efficient and accurate method for finding relevant related articles.