bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Pentapeptide Inhibitor Reduces Amyloid Deposit Formation by Direct Interaction with hIAPP
Authors: Shi Yue , Lv Wu , Jiao Ao , Zhang Chengshuo , Zhang Jialin
Published: January 2019

Backgrounds. The presence of amyloid deposits of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) in islet β-cells has been associated with type 2 diabetes occurrence and islet graft failure. Self-assembly into oligomers and fibrils during the process of aggregation by hIAPP can lead to failure and depletion of β-cells. Studies have shown that some critical regions of hIAPP might contribute to the aggregation. Thus, many studies focused on finding the effective molecules, especially the short-peptide inhibitors, that bind to these regions and disrupt the aggregation of hIAPP. In the present study, a novel pentapeptide inhibitor Phe-Leu-Pro-Asn-Phe (FLPNF) was designed and its effectiveness on the inhibition of the formation of amyloid deposits was examined. Methods. The binding mode between FLPNF and hIAPP was performed using molecular docking. The effectiveness of FLPNF on inhibiting hIAPP amyloid aggregation was tested by Thioflavin T (ThT) staining. Furthermore, negative stain electron microscopy was used to observe hIAPP fibrils. A biolayer interferometry analysis was used to identify the interaction between FLPNF and hIAPP. In addition, the cytotoxicity toward INS-1 cells was tested by a cell proliferation assay. Results. FLPNF was predicted to have a compact conformation to bind at the site of hIAPP. FLPNF strongly inhibited the amyloid aggregation of hIAPP at a 10 : 1 molar ratio in vitro. Coincubation of FLPNF with hIAPP decreased the amount of hIAPP fibrils. Furthermore, a direct interaction between FLPNF and hIAPP was confirmed. FLPNF could also decrease the cytotoxic effect of hIAPP. Conclusions. The novel pentapeptide inhibitor FLPNF was constructed and inhibited the aggregation through direct binding to hIAPP. It is considered a suitable inhibitor for hIAPP amyloid deposit formation.
Intravesical Ty21a Vaccine Promotes Dendritic Cells and T Cell–Mediated Tumor Regression in the MB49 Bladder Cancer Model
Authors: Domingos-Pereira Sonia , Sathiyanadan Karthik , La Rosa Stefano , Polák Lenka , Chevalier Mathieu F. , Martel Paul , Hojeij Rim , Derré Laurent , Haefliger Jacques-Antoine , Jichlinski Patrice , Nardelli-Haefliger Denise
Published: January 2019

Preclinical data show that intravesical instillation of Ty21a/Vivotif, a commercial vaccine against typhoid fever, is an effective alternative option to standard Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy for non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Here, we characterized the inflammatory effects of Ty21a on the bladder and investigated the immune mechanisms underlying tumor regression toward the use of this bacterial vaccine in NMIBC patients. MB49 bladder tumor–bearing mice had significantly improved survival after intravesical instillations of Ty21a doses of 106 to 108 colony-forming units. By IHC and morphology, both BCG and Ty21a instillations were associated with bladder inflammation, which was decreased with the use of low, but effective doses of Ty21a. Flow-cytometry analysis showed a significant infiltration of T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and myeloid cells, compared with controls, after a single dose of Ty21a, whereas this was only observed after multiple doses of BCG. The induced myeloid cells were predominantly neutrophils and Ly6C+CD103+ dendritic cells (DC), the latter being significantly more numerous after instillation of Ty21a than BCG. Ex vivo infection of human leukocytes with Ty21a, but not BCG, similarly significantly increased DC frequency. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, but not NK cells nor neutrophils, were required for effective bladder tumor regression upon Ty21a treatment. Thus, the generation of antitumor adaptive immunity was identified as a key process underlying Ty21a-mediated treatment efficacy. Altogether, these results demonstrate mechanisms behind intravesical Ty21a therapy and suggest its potential as a safe and effective treatment for NMIBC patients.
Recurrence of Primary Breast Angiosarcoma 7 Years after Mastectomy in a 17-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report
Authors: Wu Miaowei , Huang Yajing , Tian Wei , Yao Yihan , Deng Yongchuan
Published: January 2019

Background: Primary breast angiosarcoma is a rare neoplasm; breast angiosarcoma patients under 20 years old are extremely rare. The prognosis is often poor due to a high relapse rate after surgical resection. Case Report: We report on a case of a 17-year-old woman suffering from a primary breast angiosarcoma, associated with the local recurrence of a right-breast angiosarcoma 86 months after mastectomy. She received extensive local excision and transplantation of an adjacent skin flap. The post-operation diagnosis was angiosarcoma of histological grade III. Conclusions: This is a rare case as the patient was below 18 years old and the follow-up was greater than 5 years. Taken together, long-term close follow-up is extremely important, regardless of how long after surgery and the status of the surgical margins.
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Intracystic Papillary Neoplasm: A Rare Association in the Gallbladder
Authors: Fraga João , Caetano Oliveira Rui , Alexandrino Henrique , Cipriano Maria Augusta
Published: January 2019

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder is a very rare neoplasia comprising only 0.2% of all the gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. We present the case of an 85-year-old male with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms, progressive weight loss, and deterioration in the preceding 15 days. Imaging study showed a 5-cm polypoid mass localized at the gallbladder fundus, leading to a radical cholecystectomy. Pathology revealed the known lobulated polypoid lesion, on cut section, constituted by friable tissue without evident infiltration of the gallbladder wall and a contiguous friable, brown, flat lesion. Histological evaluation displayed a small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, consisting of intermediate and small cells, rounded or spindle, with extensive areas of necrosis, with positivity for neuroendocrine immunomarkers, associated with intracystic papillary neoplasm with high and low dysplasia. This is an uncommon association with few cases presented in the literature.
Relapsed Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Pre-B-ALL after CD19-Directed CAR-T Cell Therapy Successfully Treated with Combination of Blinatumomab and Ponatinib
Authors: El Chaer Firas , Holtzman Noa G. , Sausville Edward A. , Law Jennie Y. , Lee Seung Tae , Duong Vu H. , Baer Maria R.  , Koka Rima , Singh Zeba N. , Hardy Nancy M. , Emadi Ashkan
Published: January 2019

Adults with relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) treated with conventional chemotherapy have dismal outcomes. Novel immunotherapies targeting CD19, including the bispecific T-cell engager blinatumomab and chimeric antigen-receptor T (CAR-T) cells, have revolutionized the treatment of R/R B-ALL. Robust response rates to CAR-T cell therapy after blinatumomab have recently been reported, but it is unknown whether blinatumomab can be effective following failure of anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy. Herein, we describe a patient with Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-ALL who relapsed after CD19-directed CAR-T therapy, but subsequently responded to the combination of blinatumomab and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor ponatinib, with the achievement of a complete remission lasting 12 months.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Breast Medical Tactile Examiners (MTEs): A Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Lux Michael P. , Emons Julius , Bani Mayada R. , Wunderle Marius , Sell Charlotte , Preuss Caroline , Rauh Claudia , Jud Sebastian M. , Heindl Felix , Langemann Hanna , Geyer Thomas , Brandl Anna-Lisa , Hack Carolin C. , Adler Werner , Schulz-Wendtland Rüdiger , Beckmann Matthias W. , Fasching Peter A. , Gass Paul
Published: January 2019

Background: The usefulness of clinical breast examination (CBE) in general and in breast cancer screening programs has been a matter of debate. This study investigated whether adding vision-impaired medical tactile examiners (MTEs) improves the predictiveness of CBE for suspicious lesions and analyzed the feasibility and acceptability of this approach. Methods: The prospective study included 104 patients. Physicians and MTEs performed CBEs, and mammography and ultrasound results were used as the gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated and logistic regression models were used to compare the predictive value of CBE by physicians alone, MTEs alone, and physicians and MTEs combined. Results: For CBEs by physicians alone, MTEs alone, and both combined, sensitivity was 71, 82, and 89% and specificity was 55, 45, and 35%, respectively. Using adjusted logistic regression models, the validated areas under the curve were 0.685, 0.692, and 0.710 (median bootstrapped p value (DeLong) = 0.381). Conclusion: The predictive value for a suspicious breast lesion in CBEs performed by MTEs in patients without prior surgery was similar to that of physician-conducted CBEs. Including MTEs in the CBE procedure in breast units thus appears feasible and could be a way of utilizing their skills.
Challenges and Opportunities for Cancer Predisposition Cascade Screening for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer and Lynch Syndrome in Switzerland: Findings from an International Workshop
Authors: Nikolaidis Christos , Ming Chang , Pedrazzani Carla , van der Horst Tina , Kaiser-Grolimund Andrea , Ademi Zanfina , Bührer-Landolt Rosmarie , Bürki Nicole , Caiata-Zufferey Maria , Champion Victoria , Chappuis Pierre O. , Kohler Carmen , Erlanger Tobias E. , Graffeo Rossella , Hampel Heather , Heinimann Karl , Heinzelmann-Schwarz Viola , Kurzeder Christian , Monnerat Christian , Northouse Laurel L. , Pagani Olivia , Probst-Hensch Nicole , Rabaglio Manuela , Schoenau Eveline , Sijbrands Eric J.G. , Taborelli Monika , Urech Corinne , Viassolo Valeria , Wieser Simon , Katapodi Maria C. ,   for the CASCADE Consortium
Published: January 2019

Background: An international workshop on cancer predisposition cascade genetic screening for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) and Lynch syndrome (LS) took place in Switzerland, with leading researchers and clinicians in cascade screening and hereditary cancer from different disciplines. The purpose of the workshop was to enhance the implementation of cascade genetic screening in Switzerland. Participants discussed the challenges and opportunities associated with cascade screening for HBOC and LS in Switzerland (CASCADE study); family implications and the need for family-based interventions; the need to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of cascade genetic screening; and interprofessional collaboration needed to lead this initiative. Methods: The workshop aims were achieved through exchange of data and experiences from successful cascade screening programs in the Netherlands, Australia, and the state of Ohio, USA; Swiss-based studies and scientific experience that support cancer cascade screening in Switzerland; programs of research in psychosocial oncology and family-based studies; data from previous cost-effectiveness analyses of cascade genetic screening in the Netherlands and in Australia; and organizational experience from a large interprofessional collaborative. Scientific presentations were recorded and discussions were synthesized to present the workshop findings. Results: The key elements of successful implementation of cascade genetic screening are a supportive network of stakeholders and connection to complementary initiatives; sample size and recruitment of relatives; centralized organization of services; data-based cost-effectiveness analyses; transparent organization of the initiative; and continuous funding. Conclusions: This paper describes the processes and key findings of an international workshop on cancer predisposition cascade screening, which will guide the CASCADE study in Switzerland.
Abandono e atraso escolar na Argentina: uma abordagem desde as classes sociais
Authors: Boniolo Paula , Najmias Carolina
Published: January 2019

Na Argentina, a universalização da primária está praticamente alcançada e o acesso ao secundário tem aumentado, no entanto, persistem problemas de regularidade, retenção e graduação. Considerando que a origem social da família afeta as trajetórias educacionais das crianças, analisamos, em áreas urbanas, a relação entre a classe social de origem, território e condições de habitação, com as chances de desenvolver situações de atraso e abandono escolar. Propusemos um modelo de regressão logística usando dados de uma pesquisa nacional probabilística, comparando os níveis primário e secundário. Descobrimos que, em particular no secundário, as dimensões analisadas afetam o atraso e o abandono escolar. Especialmente, é marcado o papel do clima educacional da casa na transmissão intergeracional da desigualdade.
Critical theory and social inequality
Authors: Rehbein Boike
Published: January 2019

This paper argues that social inequality is possibly the core topic of any critical theory in the social sciences – for epistemological as well as ethical reasons. As the social scientist is part of the scientific object, namely society, the project of science is interdependent with its object. For this reason, the structure of society itself influences the shape of social science. At the same time, the processes and results of the scientific project have an impact on society. Science changes its own object. Epistemological issues are therefore tied to the ethical questions about the social organization of the scientific project, access to science, the structure of society and inequality. If access to science is unequal and if science contributes to inequality, this has to be legitimized scientifically.
Um olhar sobre a teoria crítica no Brasil: entrevista com Gabriel Cohn
Authors: Musse Ricardo , Klein Stefan
Published: January 2019

Entrevista com Gabriel Cohn sobre a teoria crítica no Brasil.
Reflexões sobre o estabelecimento de preços a partir dos custos e dos preços das ofertas concorrentes: a lacuna pode não ser tão profunda
Authors: Amaral Juliana Ventura , Guerreiro Reinaldo
Published: January 2019

As pesquisas sobre estabelecimento de preços apontam uma lacuna, de um lado os preços de produtos e serviços deveriam ser definidos pautados no valor entregue ao cliente, por outro os preços são de fato definidos com base nos custos incorridos ou nos preços das ofertas concorrentes. Diante disto, o artigo aponta as circunstâncias em que as empresas, durante o estabelecimento dos preços (pelos custos ou pelas ofertas concorrentes), consideram ou não o valor de seus produtos ou serviços. Para isso, foi feito um levantamento em empresas industriais brasileiras, com a obtenção de 380 respostas junto a profissionais responsáveis pela fixação de preços. Os resultados indicam que as empresas definem seus preços a partir daqueles estipulados pelos concorrentes e a partir dos custos, mas não, necessariamente, desprezam a informação do valor de seu produto.
A influência da família tem algum efeito? Análise da remuneração dos executivos das empresas familiares e não familiares
Authors: Santos Thaisa Renata , Silva Júlio Orestes
Published: January 2019

Este estudo investiga se a presença da família na empresa influencia a remuneração executiva, cujo objetivo pode estar voltado para a preservação dos valores da família. Os resultados obtidos, a partir da análise dos dados de 110 empresas brasileiras de capital aberto, durante 2010 a 2016, mostram que a influência familiar, captada pela presença da família na empresa, possuí relação direta com a remuneração fornecida aos executivos. Tal resultado indica que tanto a remuneração total quanto a remuneração variável de executivos são menores nas empresas familiares, e uma menor proporção da remuneração variável em seus sistemas de incentivos se comparadas às empresas não familiares brasileiras.
Ironia
Authors: Batista Érika da Silveira , Blok Aleksandr Aleksándrovitch
Published: January 2019

Aleksandr Aleksandrovitch Blok, poeta simbolista russo da Era de Prata, manifestou em prosa, num artigo publicado no jornal “Retch”, em 7 de dezembro de 1908, sua opinião negativa a respeito da ironia com que a intelectualidade da época tratava tudo a seu redor, e que inundava as respectivas obras. Reação natural das almas sensíveis a um século aterrorizante como o Século XIX, segundo Blok, essa mesma ironia, exacerbada, levava à insensibilidade, embotando a capacidade de discernir entre bem e mal, e desacreditando o próprio piadista, cujo pedido de socorro não era captado pelos demais, iludidos pelo riso compulsivo com que ele disfarçava o desespero. Chamando essa condição de “doença contagiosa”, e reconhecendo-se, ele mesmo, vítima de tal epidemia desumanizadora, Blok encontra a causa da “doença” no individualismo e no apego secreto dos escritores aos objetos de suas sátiras, e aponta a renúncia ao próprio egoísmo como única cura viável.
A atividade niilista entre o real e o ficcional
Authors: Fonseca Odomiro
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo traçar semelhanças entre a vida de ativista niilista da matemática russa Sofia Kovaliêvskaia com a personagem Vera Barântsova, de sua única obra ficcional, a novela A Garota Niilista, de 1890. O Niilismo Russo foi um fenômeno social proeminente na década de 1860, que contribuiu para a disseminação de ideias liberais, como a liberação dos servos (ocorrida em 1861) e a Questão Feminina (Jênskii Voprós, em russo). A luta das mulheres neste período recaía sobre três principais bandeiras: o casamento (independência de escolha do cônjuge e separação), o direito a uma educação que se equiparasse aos homens e a participação profissional na sociedade. Sofia Kovaliêvskaia despontou como protagonista nesse processo político e trouxe em sua novela, fortes elementos da experiência pessoal.
"Arte como procedimento" - 100 anos depois
Authors: Vaz Valteir
Published: January 2019

Em 2017, comemorou-se o centenário de publicação de “A arte como procedimento”, ensaio em que Viktor Chklóvski apresenta a primeira versão de sua cultuada noção de “ostranênie”. Tendo isso em conta, este ensaio foi pensado em uma chave comemorativa, ele procura comentar aspectos relevantes presentes neste estudo, bem como aferir, ainda que sucintamente, alguns de seus desdobramentos no pensamento crítico ocidental.
O futurismo
Authors: Gonçalves Sonia Sonia Regina Martins , Jakobson Roman
Published: January 2019

Em “O futurismo”, um dos primeiros artigos de Roman Jakobson, publicado em Moscou em 1919, o filólogo compara a evolução da nova pintura, a decomposição da luz e das cores, e a seguir, do objeto, com a evolução das ciências exatas, em especial, com a física de Einstein, além de abordar a questão do tempo como um ponto vital de nossa época. A poesia, por sua vez, deixa de ser apenas um ofício para se tornar uma ciência experimental.
"Canção do Amor Triunfante", de Ivan Turguêniev
Authors: Bacchini Stefano , Turguêniev Ivan
Published: January 2019

Ivan Turguêniev é muito conhecido por seus grandes romances da fase madura, lidando com personagens da intelligentsia russa, como Rúdin e Pais e Filhos. Mas há uma parte da produção do escritor que segue inexplorada no mercado editorial brasileiro. É o caso deste conto, publicado no final de sua vida, e onde são claras as influências das histórias de santos de Flaubert e do Romantismo alemão, trazendo consigo uma atmosfera mística e fantástica, singular dentro da obra de Turguêniev.
Cross-cultural adaptation of the PatientDoctor Relationship Questionnaire (PDRQ-9) in Brazil
Authors: Wollmann Lucas , Hauser Lisiane , Mengue Sotero Serrate , Roman Rudi , Feltz-Cornelis Christina M Van Der
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE: To describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire (PDRQ-9), as well as compare the agreement between two different types of application. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with 133 adult users of a Primary Health Service in Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The PDRQ-9 was answered by the participants as a self-administered questionnaire and in an interview. The instrument was also validated by interview, using data from 628 participants of the Mais Médicos Program Evaluation Research, which is a cross-sectional study with a systematic sample of Primary Care Services in all regions of Brazil. We evaluated the semantic, conceptual, and item equivalence, as well as factor analysis and reliability. RESULTS: All items presented factor loading > 0.5 in the different methods of application and populations in the factor analysis. We found Cronbach’s alpha of 0.94 in the self-administered method. We found Cronbach’s alpha of 0.95 and 0.94 in the two different samples in the interview application. The use of PDRQ-9 with an interview or self-administered was considered equivalent. CONCLUSIONS: The cross-cultural adaptation of the PDRQ-9 in Brazil replicated the factorial structure found in the original study, with high internal consistency. The instrument can be used as a new dimension in the evaluation of the quality of health care in clinical research, in the evaluation of services and public health, in health management, and in professional training. Further studies can evaluate other properties of the instrument, as well as its behavior in different populations and contexts.
Socioeconomic context of the community and chronic child malnutrition in Colombia
Authors: Osorio Ana María , Romero Gustavo Alfonso , Bonilla Harold , Aguado Luis Fernando
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of the socioeconomic context of the community on chronic child malnutrition in Colombia. METHODS: We estimated multilevel logistic models using data from the National Demographic and Health Survey in Colombia in 2010. The final sample included 11,448 children under the age of five gathered in 3,528 communities. In addition, we used the Principal Component Analysis with polychoric correlations for the construction of composed indicators of wealth, autonomy of the woman, and the use and access to the health system. RESULTS: The average level of community wealth was significantly and independently associated with chronic malnutrition in early childhood, more than the socioeconomic status of the household itself. At the individual and household level, the probability of chronic malnutrition was higher for children from mothers with low levels of autonomy and use and access to the health system, mothers who had their first child in adolescence, and mothers who live in homes in the lowest wealth quintiles. In contrast, children from mothers with a body mass index > 25 and with at least secondary education (versus no education) were less likely to suffer from chronic malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS: Research, programs, and interventions need to take into account the physical, economic, and social context of communities to contribute with the improvement of the nutritional status of early childhood in Colombia.
Burden of ischemic heart disease mortality attributable to physical inactivity in Brazil
Authors: Silva Diego Augusto Santos , Malta Deborah Carvalho , Souza Maria de Fatima Marinho de , Naghavi Mohsen
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE: To analyze if the burden of ischemic heart disease mortality trend attributed to physical inactivity in Brazil differs from the global estimates. METHODS: Databases from the Global Burden of Disease Study for Brazil, Brazilian states, and global information were used. We estimated the summary exposure value for physical inactivity, the total number of deaths, and the age-standardized death rates for ischemic heart disease attributed to physical inactivity in the years 1990 and 2015, and the population-attributable fraction. Data were presented according to sex. RESULTS: The Brazilian population was found to have a risk of exposure to physical inactivity varying between 70.4% for men and 75.7% for women in the year of 1990. This risk of exposure was similar in 2015. In men, the mortality rate from ischemic heart disease attributed to physical inactivity decreased in 2015 by approximately 24% around the world and 45% in Brazil. For women, this decrease was in 31% around the world and 45% in Brazil. The states of Southern and Southeastern Brazil presented lower mortality rates due to ischemic heart disease attributed to physical inactivity. If physical inactivity were eliminated in Brazil, mortality from ischemic heart disease would be reduced by 15.8% for men and 15.2% for women. CONCLUSIONS: Over 25 years, the risk of exposure to physical inactivity in Brazil did not change and was high compared to global estimates. The decrease in ischemic heart disease mortality results from the improvement of health services in Brazil and the control of other risk factors. Approximately 15% of deaths from ischemic heart disease in Brazil could be avoided if people met the recommendations for physical activity.
Analysis of socioeconomic gradients in the development of children aged 0–3 years in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Boo Florencia Lopez , Mateus Mayaris Cubides , Duryea Suzanne
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE: To identify the socioeconomic gradients in the measures of development and wellbeing of children under three years of age in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: We compiled information using a socioeconomic survey instrument, collecting anthropometric measurements, observing the home environment, and applying the Denver Test II to 2,755 children aged between zero and 28 months who are potential beneficiaries of the Cresça com Seu Filho program in Fortaleza. These children were randomly selected from a universe identified from the administrative record of the Cadastro Único of the Ministry of Social Development of Brazil. For the analysis, we reported descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and mean differences. RESULTS: Rates of chronic malnutrition and overweight were 7.0%. The results of the Denver II test indicated that personal social (23%) and language (20%) are the domains in which children have the highest developmental delay, when compared with the international reference sample. Parental practices measured by two sub-scales of the Home Observation of the Environment Inventory were poor, with only 14.0% of families having two or more books in the home and 35.0% of the households reporting having spanked their child in the past three days. CONCLUSIONS: We identified clear socioeconomic gradients in the anthropometric indicators, parenting practices, and the Denver Test II (especially in the language domain). Children from poorer households, as well as children of mothers with lower education levels, perform poorly on most measures.
Sleep duration, health status, and subjective well-being
Authors: Lima Margareth Guimarães , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo , Ceolim Maria Filomena , Zancanella Edilson , Cardoso Tânia Aparecida Marchiori de Oliveira
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate, in a population-based approach, the association of extreme sleep duration with sociodemographic factors, health, and well-being. METHODS: We analyzed the data from the 2014/2015 Health Survey in the city of Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil (ISACamp), performed with 1,969 individuals (≥ 20 years old). Associations between the independent variable and short (≤ 6 hours) and long (≥ 9 hours) sleep were determined using the Rao-Scott chi-square test. The analyses were adjusted with multinomial logistic regression models. RESULTS: Men, individuals aged 40 to 59, those with higher schooling, those who have one (OR = 1.47, 95%CI 1.02–2.12), two (OR = 1.73, 95%CI 1.07–2.80), or three or more (OR = 1.62, 95%CI 1.16–2.28) chronic diseases, and those with three or more health problems (OR = 1.96, 95%CI 1.22–3.17) were more likely to have a short sleep. The chance of long sleep was higher in widowers and lower in those who have more years of schooling, with higher income, worked, lived with more residents at home, and reported three or more diseases (OR = 0.68, 95%CI 0.48–0.97) and health problems. The chance of either short (OR = 2.41, 95%CI 1.51–3.87) or long sleep (OR = 2.07, 95%CI 1.23–3.48) was higher in unhappy individuals. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the higher chance of short sleep duration among men, among persons in productive age, and among those with a higher level of schooling in a Brazilian city. The association of short sleep with comorbidities and the association of happiness with extremes of sleep duration were also important results to understand the relation of sleep duration with health and well-being.
Dangerous Incrementalism of the Paris Agreement
Authors: Allan Jen Iris
Published: January 2019

After a decade of negotiation, countries adopted a new, legally binding agreement on climate change. Excitement for a new era in the climate regime is palpable among pundits and policy makers alike. But such enthusiasm largely overlooks that most of the Paris Agreement’s provisions represent continuity with existing climate policy, not a break with the past. This forum argues that the Paris Agreement is a dangerous form of incrementalism in two ways. First, it repackages existing rules that have already proven inadequate to reduce emissions and improve resilience. Second, state and nonstate actors celebrate the Agreement as a solution, conferring legitimacy on its rules; I suggest that, beyond the strong desire to avoid failure, developing countries and nongovernmental organizations accepted the Paris Agreement to secure the participation of the United States and to uphold previous agreements. Given the reification of existing rules, the ratchet-up mechanism and nonstate actors offer the last remaining hopes in global efforts to catalyze climate action on a scale necessary to safeguard the climate.
South–South Transnational Advocacy: Mobilizing Against Brazilian Dams in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Moreira Paula Franco , Gamu Jonathan Kishen , Inoue Cristina Yumie Aoki , Athayde Simone , da Cal Seixas Sônia Regina , Viola Eduardo
Published: January 2019

South–South transnational advocacy networks (SSTANs) targeting emerging states, Southern companies, and their supporting institutions warrant nuanced distinctions from traditional transnational advocacy networks that are heavily reliant on Northern actors and targets, particularly in terms of the strategies and arguments they employ. This article analyzes the dynamics of SSTANs through the case of an environmental campaign against Brazilian hydropower projects proposed in the Peruvian Amazon. It demonstrates how Southern actors are mobilizing against new and emerging patterns of South–South cooperation, which, despite occurring on unfamiliar institutional terrain, reproduces familiar asymmetrical power relations and socioenvironmental burdens.
The global distribution and richness of frog crabs (Raninoidea)
Authors: Lam-Gordillo Orlando , Ardisson Pedro-Luis
Published: January 2019

The study of species distributions is fundamental for environmental research, conservation planning, and resource management. However, it is not always possible to obtain access to these data, making it difficult to reach the goal of quantifying biodiversity. The distribution of many crustacean groups is poorly studied; such is the case of the superfamily Raninoidea (frog crabs). In order to reduce this information gap, herein we mapped and described the world distribution of members of this superfamily by performing a data visualization analysis. We carried out an extensive review of species records and distribution data from different databases, collections, and unpublished data. Furthermore, we conducted a species richness analysis and an agglomerative cluster analysis to identify biogeographic regions. Both analyses were carried out using the software Biodiverse (v. 2.0). Results showed that Raninoidea is composed of 46 species across a pantropical distribution. For this study, the globe was divided into 30 pre-established biogeographical regions, ranging from the Indo-Pacific seas & Indian Ocean (IPSIO) region, represented by 19 species and a maximum richness of eight species, to the Southern Ocean (SO) region, represented by only one species. Some species are distributed across regions while some are found exclusively in a single region. Due to issues with accuracy and sufficiency of raw data, we also calculated the Chao 1 and ACE indices, which suggest that other species have yet to be recorded.
Rhabdomoplea, a new superorder for the thaumatopsylloid copepods: the consequence of an alternative hypothesis of copepod phylogeny
Authors: Ferrari Frank D. , von Vaupel Klein J. Carel
Published: January 2019

The superorder Rhabdomoplea is established for copepods belonging to the order Thaumatopsylloida. Apomorphies for Rhabdomoplea are an adult prosome, including thoracic somites 1-4, complete at copepodid I, development of the posterior articulation of thoracic somite 7 of males delayed to copepodid IV and of abdominal somite 1 delayed to copepodid V, and absence of a posterior articulation of abdominal somites 2-3 forming with the anal somite a rod-like somite complex as part of the urosome. Rhabdomoplea appears to be the earliest branch of copepods because only thoracic somites 1-4 are broad throughout copepodid development, and thoracic somites 5 and 6 remain narrow. On podopleans and gymnopleans thoracic somite 5 is transformed from the anterior narrow somite to the posterior broad somite during the moult to copepodid II. On gymnopleans thoracic somite 6 also is transformed from the anterior narrow somite to the posterior broad somite but during the moult to copepodid III. Thus rhabdomopleans differ from podopleans in their body architecture as much as podopleans differ from gymnopleans. An alternative and traditional phylogeny that posits gymnopleans as the earliest branch of copepods requires reversal of these two transformations during copepod evolution; this hypothesis is not favoured here because the parsimonious hypothesis of direct, progressive transformations seems reasonable and plausible.
Characterization and expression patterns of wnt4 in Exopalaemon carinicauda (Holthuis, 1950) (Caridea, Palaemonidae) during embryonic and larval development
Authors: Chen Jian Hua , Wang Meng Jie , Li Xue , Wang Hai Hua , Gao Huan , Yan Bin Lun
Published: January 2019

Wnt4 (Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 4) has been demonstrated to play critical roles in a wide variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell proliferation, and differentiation in vertebrates, but its function in crustaceans is still not clear. In the present study, the full-length wnt4 cDNA sequence was cloned and characterized for the ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda. The expression patterns of the wnt4 mRNA in embryos and larvae at different stages were investigated. The tissue distribution showed that wnt4 was obviously expressed in eyestalk and hepatopancreas. During embryonic development, the wnt4 was highly expressed in all developmental stages except the zygote, two-cell stage, and late zoaea stage. The wnt4 mRNA was expressed in Z1-Z5 and post-larval stages. Taken together, the present study indicates that the wnt4 gene may be involved in the regulation of embryonic and larval development in the ridgetail white prawn.
RNAi analysis of Doublesex1 expression in Daphnia pulex Leydig, 1860 (Cladocera)
Authors: Lin Chong-Yuan , Liu Meng-Di , Zhu Xiao-Jing , Ning Jun-Jia , Xu Shan-Liang , Wang Dan-Li , Zhao Yun-Long
Published: January 2019

To explore the role of the Doublesex gene (Dsx1) in the switching between reproductive modes in Daphnia pulex Leydig, 1860, we performed gene silencing using RNA interference (RNAi). We also investigated the expression of gfp (Green Fluorescent Protein) by quantitative-PCR, and the expression of Dsx1 mRNA after RNAi by real-time PCR. Dsx1 expression was significantly greater in males than in females, and was down-regulated in experimental groups compared with the control group. The decrease was more significant in females (35% of controls) than males (47% of controls). The gene fragment of Dsx1 amplified by PCR was ligated to the pEASY-Blunt vector to obtain the recombinant plasmid expressed recombinant protein induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG). After having been purified by Ni-column affinity chromatography, the recombinant protein as antigen was used to immune rabbits. The antiserum was successfully purified by the protein A method to obtain the Dsx1 polyclonal antibody, an IgG concentration of 2.65 mg/ml, titer 240 000. Western blotting showed that RNAi treatment significantly reduced DSX1 protein levels. Whole-mount immunofluorescence analysis revealed that the fluorescence intensity of appendages was significantly lower following RNAi treatment than the negative control group, and comparable with the blank control group, further confirming the decrease in Dsx1 expression after RNAi treatment. The number of offspring in all experimental groups was measured, and was significantly greater in the RNAi-treated group compared with the control group. These results provide a foundation for further work on the molecular basis of switching between the two modes of reproduction in cladocerans. The findings also further increase our understanding of the regulatory effects of Dsx1 in the differing sexes in these crustaceans.
The Hexapodidae (Decapoda, Brachyura) of Hong Kong, with description of a new species of Mariaplax Rahayu & Ng, 2014
Authors: Ng Peter K. L. , Wong Kingsley J. H.
Published: January 2019

The current understanding of the hexapodid crab fauna from Hong Kong is limited. Trawl surveys of the subtidal macrobenthos since 2012 obtained four species of Hexapodidae: Hexalaughlia orientalis (Rathbun, 1909), Hexapinus simplex Rahayu & Ng, 2014, Mariaplax chenae Rahayu & Ng, 2014 and M. exigua sp. nov. These species are illustrated, and the new species is described and compared with congeners in East Asia.
Occurrence of a tumour-like abnormality in the telson skeleton of the brine shrimp Artemia (Branchiopoda, Anostraca)
Authors: Wang Z.-C. , Wu J.-Y. , Asem Alireza
Published: January 2019

Malformations of crustaceans have been observed in their natural habitats as well as in laboratory studies. Two patterns of morphological abnormalities have been recorded in species of the brine shrimp genus Artemia, including a gynandromorphic pattern and a specimen with three compound eyes. Here we report a hitherto unknown pattern of morphological deformation, viz., a tumour-like abnormality that occurred in the telson skeleton of a specimen of Artemia from China.
Two new species of the subgenus Asteroporpa (Asteromoana) (Ophiuroidea: Euryalida: Gorgonocephalidae) from Japan
Authors: OKANISHI MASANORI , FUJITA TOSHIHIKO
Published: January 2019

Two new species of the subgenus Asteroporpa (Asteromoana) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalida: Gorgonocephalidae) are described from southwestern and southern Japan. A. (Asterom.) muricatopatella sp. nov. has only cone-shaped dermal ossicles with terminal projections on radial shields, only plate-shaped dermal ossicles on oral plates, and coneshaped dermal ossicles with relatively short terminal projections at the lateral interradial disc. A. (Asterom.) koyoae sp. nov. has both cone-shaped dermal ossicles with terminal projections and plate-shaped dermal ossicles on radial shields, cone-shaped dermal ossicles with terminal projections on oral plates, and cone-shaped dermal ossicles with relatively long terminal projections on the lateral interradial disc. A taxonomic key to all four species of the subgenus A. (Asteromoana) is provided.
Description of a new species of sand-dwelling catfish of the genus Stenolicmus (Siluriformes; Trichomycteridae)
Authors: WOSIACKI WOLMAR BENJAMIN , COUTINHO DANIEL PIRES , DE ASSIS MONTAG LUCIANO FOGAÇA
Published: January 2019

Stenolicmus ix, new species, is described from Igarapé Curuá, left tributary of the Rio Amazonas, Pará, Brazil. It can be distinguished from S. sarmientoi by the length of the nasal barbels that reach the base of the first opercular odontodes; length of the maxillary barbels that reach the posterior margin of the opercular odontode plate; seven well-developed opercular odontodes; seven well-developed interopercular odontodes; color pattern of the dorsal region of trunk composed of agglomerated chromatophores forming circular patches twice the diameter of the eye; proportionally large eyes, 11.8% HL; caudal peduncle tall, 11.6% SL, without dark bar at base of the caudal fin; length of the head proportionately larger, 17.9% SL; unbranched rays of caudal fin reaching distal margin of fin. Comparisons with other Sarcoglanidinae and Trichomycteridae are presented. Some comments on the systematics and phylogenetic relationships of the group are made.
East African giant millipedes of the tribe Pachybolini (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pachybolidae)
Authors: ENGHOFF HENRIK
Published: January 2019

The East African species of the millipede tribe Pachybolini are revised. Three new genera are described: Crurifarcimen n. gen. (monotypic, type species: C. vagans n. sp., Tanzania), Hyperbolus n. gen. (type species: H. apicomplexus n. sp., Tanzania and Uganda; further species: H. morogoroensis Kraus, 1958, Tanzania, transferred from Pachybolus), Parabolus n. gen. (type species: Trigoniulus dimorphus Carl, 1909, Tanzania, transferred from Pachybolus, further species: P. calceus n. sp., Kenya). Hadrobolus Cook, 1897 and its only species, H. crassicollis (Peters, 1855), Mozambique, are redescribed. Epibolus bravensis (Silvestri, 1897) and E. mossabicensis Lawrence, 1967, are both synonymised under E. pulchripes (Gerstäcker, 1873), Somalia to Mozambique, rendering Epibolus Cook, 1897, monotypic. Pachybolus Cook, 1897, is restricted to its poorly known type species, P. tectus Cook, 1897, Zanzibar. A cladistic analysis of Pachybolini (W Africa, E Africa, Madagascar) does not support monophyly of the East African genera, but does support a clade consisting of Crurifarcimen+Hyperbolus+Parabolus, as well as monophyly of the two latter genera.
Afrophilodana africana n. gen, n. sp. (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Kenya: the second species of the family Philodanidae
Authors: KONTSCHÁN JENŐ , SEEMAN OWEN
Published: January 2019

A new monotypic genus, Afrophilodana africana n. gen, n. sp. (Trigynaspida: Parantennuloidea: Philodanidae) is described from two females found in soil samples from Kenya. The family Philodanidae Kethley, 1977 is redefined and the affinities of the new genus discussed. The leg chaetotaxy is also provided and compared with other members of the Parantennuloidea.
Naming the Bonaire banded box jelly, Tamoya ohboya, n. sp. (Cnidaria: Cubozoa: Carybdeida: Tamoyidae)
Authors: COLLINS ALLEN G. , BENTLAGE BASTIAN , GILLAN WILLIAM , LYNN TARA H. , MORANDINI ANDRÉ C. , MARQUES ANTONIO C.
Published: January 2019

A new species of cubozoan jellyfish has been discovered in shallow waters of Bonaire, Netherlands (Dutch Caribbean). Thus far, approximately 50 sightings of the species, known commonly as the Bonaire banded box jelly, are recorded, and three specimens have been collected. Three physical encounters between humans and the species have been reported. Available evidence suggests that a serious sting is inflicted by this medusa. To increase awareness of the scientific disciplines of systematics and taxonomy, the public has been involved in naming this new species. The Bonaire banded box jelly, Tamoya ohboya, n. sp., can be distinguished from its close relatives T. haplonema from Brazil and T. sp. from the southeastern United States by differences in tentacle coloration, cnidome, and mitochondrial gene sequences. Tamoya ohboya n. sp. possesses striking dark brown to reddish-orange banded tentacles, nematocyst warts that densely cover the animal, and a deep stomach. We provide a detailed comparison of nematocyst data from Tamoya ohboya n. sp., T. haplonema from Brazil, and T. sp. from the Gulf of Mexico.
A new species of Sturnira (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from the Choco forest of Ecuador
Authors: JARRÍN–V PABLO , KUNZ THOMAS H.
Published: January 2019

Sturnira perla, the new species described herein, is diagnosed as an independent phylogenetic lineage in hypotheses derived from mitochondrial sequences, and shows acceptable distances in terms of genetic divergence. This description also relies on the statistical interpretation of morphological dissimilarity and overlap, and avoids qualitative judgments of character variation. Overall, this new species is characterized by a spherical skull, noticeable round and robust, with pronouncedly curved zygomatic arches. Statistical evidence that supports the discrimination of other species in Sturnira, based on external characters such as pelage coloration or number of hairs, is absent in the literature. In this sense, the geometry of the skull for this newly described species shows the sharpest morphological boundaries, relative to other closely related and sympatric taxa. This new species is likely endemic to the Choco forest, specially at its southern limits. This is an area known for its high levels of endemism. The magnitude of environmental disruption in the Choco and the potential rarity of this new species may be negatively affecting its probability of survival.
The species diversity of the genus Gallotia (Sauria: Lacertidae) during the Holocene on La Gomera (Canary Islands) and the Latin names of Gomeran giant lizards
Authors: MATEO JOSÉ A. , CROCHET PIERRE-ANDRÉ , AFONSO OSCAR M.
Published: January 2019

The importance of appropriate identification of a species prior to the adoption of an effective species conservation plan should not be underestimated. This precondition is not generally problematic. However, erroneous identification leads to unsuitable conservation measures (Daugherty et al. 1990) being drawn up. This may be the case of the “critically endangered” gomeran giant lizard (Cox et al. 2006).
Erratum: XIE, LIXIA & YANG, MAOFA (2008) Notes on the subgenus Tectodamaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Damaeidae), with the description of a new species from China. Zootaxa, 2727, 56–62.
Authors: XIE LIXIA , YANG MAOFA
Published: January 2019

(Erratum)
Squatina caillieti sp. nov., a new species of angel shark (Chondrichthyes: Squatiniformes: Squatinidae) from the Philippine Islands
Authors: WALSH JONATHAN H. , EBERT DAVID A. , COMPAGNO LEONARD J. V.
Published: January 2019

A new species of angel shark, Squatina caillieti sp. nov., is described from a single specimen collected in deepwater off Luzon in the Philippines. The new species is closest to S. formosa and S. nebulosa, but differs from its congeners based on the following characters: unfringed barbels with rod-like tips, upper lip arch semi-oval in shape, large papillae present on the inside posterior margin of the spiracles, a greater interspiracle space than interorbital space, pelvic fin-tips which reach the first dorsal origin, a short pelvic fin base, short pelvic inner margin very short, and a short pelvic posterior margin; pelvic girdle span more than 1.4 times greater than head length; dorsal fins angular, greater interdorsal space than dorsal caudal space; caudal fin lobed, very short upper postventral caudal margin. The new species is the only Squatina confirmed as occurring in the Philippines. We also comment on the biogeography of western North Pacific Squatina and provide a revised regional key to this group.
The first fossil Dufoureillini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae: Lyctocorinae) from the Eocene Baltic amber
Authors: POPOV YURI A. , HERCZEK ALEKSANDER , BROòEK JOLA
Published: January 2019

The paper presents description of new anthocorid taxa from the inclusions in the Upper Eocene Baltic amber: Xyloesteles parvulus gen.nov and sp. nov. and Xyloesteles kerneggeriorum sp. nov. They are described and illustrated here. These fossil flower bugs of the family Anthocoridae (s.l.) belong to the tribe Dufouriellini Van Duzee (Lyctocorinae) are reported for the first time.