bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of oil production in the economic development of Kazakhstan
Authors:   INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, Tleuzhanova M. ,   K.I. SATPAYEV KAZAKH NATIONAL RESEARCH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, Dildebayeva ZH. ,   INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Published: September 2024

The article examines the role of the oil and gas industry in the economic development of Kazakhstan. The authors analyze the impact of the oil and gas sector on the main indicators of the country's economy. Based on data and statistics, the authors of the article consider the importance of the oil and gas sector as the main driving factor of economic growth in Kazakhstan. The challenges and opportunities associated with the development of this industry are also considered, including issues of reducing dependence on oil revenues and economic diversification. In general, the article is an analytical review of the current situation and prospects for the development of the oil and gas industry in Kazakhstan.
The prospects for the use of alternative gel formers for hydraulic fracturing
Authors:   Kazakh-British Technical University, Duisaliyev A. , Ibrashev K. ,   Kazakh-British Technical University
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the relevance of using alternative gel-forming agents in the preparation of fracturing fluids for hydraulic fracturing (HF). Besides the obvious tasks, such as increasing the residual conductivity of the fractures created during stimulation, it also addresses the impact of alternative gelforming agents on the treatment process. The author, supported by field data, concludes that under otherwise equal conditions, replacing traditional fracturing fluids with alternative ones significantly reduces frictional pressure losses in the pipes, which is particularly important when treating deep and extensive horizontal wells with limited internal pipe diameters. Moreover, the aforementioned impact of gel-forming agents on frictional pressure losses allows for a reserve of power in the hydraulic fracturing fleet equipment. Consequently, the treatment can be performed with higher flow rates under otherwise equal conditions, without the need for additional high-pressure pumps or the deployment of more expensive, stronger, larger-diameter tubing. Another important conclusion reached by the author is that due to the specific properties of alternative fracturing fluids, their ability to transport and retain proppant is significantly increased. This property of fracturing fluids is especially important when treating low-permeability, fractured formations and during the stimulation of long horizontal wells. On the other hand, the use of alternative gel-forming agents raises the requirements for the controlled breakdown of fracturing fluids, complicating the task of selecting a rational formulation and necessitating additional research.
Composition of gasolinefractions of Kumkol oil and improvement of theiroperational properties
Authors:   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Abdikerimov B.A. , Syrmanova K.K. ,   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Yerzhanov D.S. ,   TOO MANGISTAU OIL REFINING, Daurenbek N.M. ,   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University
Published: September 2024

The physicochemical properties of gasoline fractions of paraffinic oil from the Kumkol field have been investigated and the distinctive features of the individual hydrocarbon composition of the straight-run gasoline fraction and catalytic reforming gasoline have been established. The wide straight-run gasoline fraction (62-180°C) of Kumkol oil was subjected to preliminary hydrotreating at an industrial unit that is part of the catalytic reforming unit using S-12T and GO70 catalysts at a process temperature of 315 – 343°C, a pressure in the reactor of 21 – 27 atm, a volume feed rate of 6.4 – 9.4 h-1, with the circulation of HCG (Hydrogen-containing gas) «on the duct». Conditions under which catalytic reforming was carried out: temperature in the reaction zone – 470 ÷ 500°C, pressure – 28 kgf/cm2 , volumetric feed rate of raw materials – 1.5 h-1, gas circulation – 5.9 mol H2 / mol of raw materials. It has been established that in the process of reforming, as a result of isomerization of n-paraffins and dehydrogenation of cylanes, isoparaffin and aromatic hydrocarbons are intensively formed in the composition of reformant, and thereby the octane number of reforming gasoline is sharply increased. Gasoline obtained in the process of catalytic reforming from a narrow fraction of Kuikol oil meets the requirements for commercial, high-octane grades of motor fuel in all quality indicators. A significant synergistic effect has been established with the combined action of a two-component mixture compared to that for individual additives: a small concentration of the additive Hightech (manganese-containing) 18 mg/l and oxygen-containing AHA (ash-free high-octane additive) increases the octane number M.M. (motor method) by 3.3 points and according to R.M. (research method) by 5.3 points, and when introducing the additive Hitech 18 mg/l in a mixture with N-methylaniline, the increase in the O.N. (octane number) for M.M. was 4.4 units, and for R.M. (research method) – 6.
Detecting Wormhole Attack in Environmental Monitoring System for Agriculture using Deep Learning
Authors: Abdullah Azizol , Albaihani Ali Nasser Ahmed , Osman Baharudin , Omar Yahya
Published: September 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly growing field that connects various devices and systems to the internet, enabling them to communicate and share data. However, this increased connectivity also makes IoT networks vulnerable to various types of attacks, one of which is the wormhole attack. A wormhole attack is a type of security threat in which an attacker creates a tunnel between two or more nodes in an IoT network, allowing the attacker to intercept, modify or inject malicious packets into the network. This can lead to serious security issues such as unauthorized access, data leakage and network disruption. The problem of wormhole attack detection in IoT networks is a crucial issue that must be addressed. Traditional security methods, such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems, may not be effective in detecting and preventing wormhole attacks, as these attacks are difficult to detect due to the stealthy nature of the attacker. Therefore, there is a need for new and more advanced methods for wormhole attack detection in IoT networks, such as deep learning approaches. The goal of this paper is to use a deep learning approach to detect wormhole attacks in IoT networks and to compare the performance of this approach with traditional machine learning methods. This research paper presents a deep learning approach for wormhole attack detection in Internet of Things (IoT) networks using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model. The proposed method is compared with traditional machine learning techniques which are Decision Tree, and Naive Bayes. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated using a malware dataset for predicting the type of wormhole attack (WHR). The evaluation metrics used in this study include accuracy, F1 score, precision, recall and confusion matrix. The implementation of the proposed approach is performed using Python programming and the Anaconda Navigator (Spyder notebook) tool. The results show that the proposed LSTM-based approach outperforms traditional machine learning techniques in terms of accuracy and F1 score which is 99% while Decision Tree Model accuracy is 94% and Naïve Bayes Model scores 93%, the output results of this paper demonstrating the effectiveness of deep learning in wormhole attack detection in IoT networks.
Investigation of Impedance Determination using Two-Point High Frequency Injection Technique for Non-Contact Voltage Measurement System
Authors: Longseng Noppawit , Thongpull Kittikhun
Published: September 2024

Energy management facilities are becoming more necessary due to the growth of smart energy and microgrid technologies. Convenient access to information on energy consumption is an advantage for energy planning and management and secure for the operators. Consequently, these conceive the idea of developing non-contact sensor approach to replace the conventional energy measurement while maintain full accessibility to voltage and current information. This paper proposes a method of non-contact conductive voltage measurement with an automated calibration system. The previous application of non-contact voltage measurement systems in the low-voltage range used a method based on the capacitive coupling principle by covering a metal plate around an insulated power line cable. The important factor of measurement accuracy depends on the determination of impedance occurring between the conductors within the cable and the metal plates attached to the cable surface by insulating as a dielectric. The proposed impedance determination process employs a two-point high-frequency signal injection technique that transmits a reference signal to calculate the established parasitic impedance value. From the high-frequency injection technique, the resulting impedance can be calibrated throughout the reverse calculation to measure the actual voltage of the power line. The experimental results of the proposed voltage measurement system can measure the actual voltage of the power line with the capability to calibrate the impedance due to the variation in the environment and eliminate noise errors from the instability under various conditions.
Investigation on Factors Affecting Cognitive Skills in Detection of Driving Fatigue
Authors: Ho Jia Xin , Shamsuddin Syamimi , Kamat Seri Rahayu , Ibrahim Muhammad Shafiq , Setiawan Rudi
Published: September 2024

Road safety is a worldwide concern where a high number of fatalities and injuries are caused by traffic accidents. One major issue contributing to these incidents is driving while fatigued, which has been recognized as a contributing factor to accidents in many countries. Being tired while driving is a state that encompasses both physical and mental exhaustion and can greatly impair a person's ability to drive safely. Fatigue negatively affects a driver's cognitive abilities, resulting in decreased performance behind the wheel. The aim of this study is to analyse the effect of driving duration, body mass index (BMI), types of roads and gender factor in causing fatigue while driving. Cognitive skills of drivers while driving was measured through the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal gathered from Emotiv EPOC device to measure brain activity. Relationship between cognitive skills and fatigue signalling is then analysed using regression analysis in Design-Expert software. Results indicated that as mental fatigue increases, there is a noticeable decrease in the relative power of beta rhythm, supporting previous research findings. Results on correlation show that the longer the drivers drove, the wearier they become. Obese people experience more fatigue when driving than those with a normal or overweight BMI. Driving on straight roads resulted in greater fatigue compared to driving on winding ones, with female participants indicating higher levels of tiredness than male participants. These insights are crucial for road safety authorities to tailor their supervision methods based on individual characteristics and to design effective driver fatigue warnings.
Global Research on Emerging Digital Technology: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Herlina Sari , Kusumah Yaya S. , Juandi Dadang
Published: September 2024

Digital technology has become a demand in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. This research aimed to explore technological developments globally and comprehensively based on the Scopus database. The method used bibliometric analysis. In recent decades, it has been more common to utilize bibliometric data to perform comprehensive statistical analyses of research progress, trends, and focal points. This study became the first study that used the quantitative and qualitative evidence for examining technological developments. The literature review used the publications on technology studies from 1969 to September 2023. The number of documents found in the Scopus database was 1730. Worldwide, the majority of researchers in this particular field originated from China, the USA, and India. The results of the study showed that the number of papers on technology had continued to increase significantly since the 2000s. Furthermore, this study examined the challenges, problems, and impacts of technology in education. Digital technology areas currently have a great interest and the prospective avenues for future research.
Automotive Consumer Loans Risk Assessment Predictive Modeling Using Generative Adversarial Network and Stacked Autoencoder Neural Networks
Authors: Zhu Xueping , Qin Lin , Mohamad Samuri Suzani , Muhamad Adnan Muhamad Hariz
Published: September 2024

In this study, we propose a predictive model for automotive consumer loans risk assessment, leveraging Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Stacked Autoencoder Neural Networks (SAEs). We address issues of high dimensionality and sparsity inherent in big data environments and tackle the class imbalance problem using GANs. Feature selection is effectively carried out using SAEs. Experimental results prove the superiority of our approach over traditional neural networks and our model without GANs or SAEs. The proposed model shows significant potential for application in personal credit risk assessment within automotive finance and beyond. Future work is aimed at extending and improving our model and applying it to other domains.
Investigating the Corrosion Inhibition Performance of a Novel Coconut Oil-Based Poly(urethane-urea) Hybrid Coating on Carbon Steel in 3.5% NaCl Solution
Authors: Estrada Dave Joseph , Caramba Cyrene , Fajardo Adams , Lisondra Giselle , Tilendo Amierson , Dumancas Gerard , Bastatas Lyndon , Lubguban Alona , Alguno Arnold , Malaluan Roberto , Lubguban Arnold
Published: September 2024

Polyurethane has been used for years as an anti-corrosion coating due to its intrinsic hydrophobic properties. However, its hydrophobicity is not enough to inhibit the permeation of corrosive agents; thus, incorporating it with polyurea would further enhance its hydrophobic properties. In this study, coconut oil, a saturated, low molecular weight vegetable oil, was employed as an eco-friendly precursor for synthesizing a novel poly(urethane-urea)- based hybrid coating. The synthesis process involved the utilization of a coconut oil-based polyol blend, triethanolamine (TEA) as an amine source, and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). The resulting hybrid coating on carbon steel demonstrated remarkable anticorrosion performance in a 3.5 wt. % NaCl solution, owing to the intrinsic hydrophobic characteristics of coconut oil and polyurea. Significant corrosion rate reduction was observed with increasing amine content, accompanied by an enhancement in mechanical properties. Notably, an amine loading of 4% consistently exhibited superior corrosion resistance and mechanical performance in the hybrid coating. Chemical structural analysis revealed a hydrogen-bonding network in polyurea coatings, reducing porosity, enhancing barrier properties, and improving mechanical characteristics, highlighting its potential for sustainable corrosion protection.
Curriculum Mapping Practices of Teachers as Determinants of their Collective Efficacy in Public Elementary Schools
Authors: C. Moreno Desiree
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to explore how teachers' curriculum mapping practices relate to their collective efficacy in public elementary schools within Tugbok District, Davao City. The study used the non- experimental quantitative research design utilizing correlational method. The respondents of this study composed of 107 teachers using a universal sampling. The statistical tools used were Mean, Pearson Product Moment Coefficient Correlation or Pearson r and Regression Analysis. The findings revealed that the teachers achieved a high level on curriculum mapping practices. Meanwhile teachers established a high level in collective efficacy in public elementary schools. There was a significant relationship between curriculum mapping practices of teachers and their collective efficacy in public elementary schools. The domains of curriculum mapping practices of teachers were significantly influenced to their collective efficacy in public elementary schools. It is articulated in this study that collective efficacy of teachers in public elementary schools should be raised in a very high level. It was concluded that the high level of curriculum mapping practices of teachers would also increase to their collective efficacy in public elementary schools.
The use of School Information System in Strengthening the Management of Government Secondary Schools in Meru District Council
Authors: S. Baharia Imani
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the use of the School Information System (SIS) in strengthening the management of government secondary schools in Meru District Council. The study adopted the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The Diffusion Innovation theory and Technological Acceptance model guided this study. A qualitative research approach alongside a case study research design was adopted. The targeted population of the study was 1203 including 46 heads of schools, 1083 teachers, 46 academic teachers, 26 ward secondary officers, 01 District Education Officer (DSEO) and 01 District Information Communication Technology Officer (DICTO) of which 37 were drawn. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to get respondents. Interview and questionnaire methods were used to collect data. The study's trustworthiness was maintained through the supervisor’s corrections, expert advice, and following all necessary ethical procedures. The study revealed that the School Information System carries user-friendly features that strengthen the management of government secondary schools such as student information management, and teacher and staff management. However, the facilities are not sufficiently available. Furthermore, the study found that the School Information System greatly enhances data management and analysis, streamlining administrative tasks and resource management, promoting teachers’ accountability and improving communication in government secondary schools. The study recommended that there should be the provision of enough facilities, alternative sources of energy, seminars, and training to promote the implementation and use of School Information System in government secondary schools.
Fever Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)
Authors: B Amith , KN Harshitha , R Vijay , B R Meghana , . Shivandappa , Kumar S Narendra
Published: September 2024

This research paper is a novel fever detection methodology using the image classification technique with Python-based convolutional neural networks. We have developed a non-invasive and efficient method to identify fever by analysing images of the tongue, based on traditional Chinese medicine. Later on, we built a model which gave 92.2% on the test set with labelled data of images of the tongues. This model obtains better performance from more advanced pre-processing techniques, such as normalization and data augmentation. This study indicates that an integration between ancient diagnostic methods and the latest machine learning algorithms may open new horizons in fever diagnosis during medical practices. Finally, the use of this technology in mobile health applications will promote early treatment, reduce complications, and avoid the need for more complicated interventions.
Treatment of Organic Pollutant by Advanced Oxidation Processes
Authors: Hadi Al-Kaabi Falah Kareem
Published: September 2024

The investigation involved the oxidation of urea (UR) in a batch reactor, employing Fenton's reagent. Various parameters, namely reaction time, pH level, ferrous ion dose, and hydrogen peroxide dose, were scrutinized. The reaction time spanned from 30 minutes to 3 hours, revealing a notably positive impact. An optimal pH of 3 was identified for the medium. The concentrations of ferrous ions ranged from 0.2 g/l to 0.53 g/l, with hydrogen peroxide levels ranging from 1 g/l to 2.65 g/l. The impact of hydrogen peroxide was notably significant at a ferrous ion concentration of 0.3 g/l and a pH of 3. Evaluating urea removal efficiency through chemical oxygen demand (COD) calculations showed a maximum efficiency of 86.8%, with a minimum ammonia yield of 6%. Overall, the outcomes underscored the efficacy of the Fenton process in urea treatment.
Is it Time to Demolish Current Mathematics?
Authors: Abbas Ismail
Published: September 2024

Current mathematics in 3D geometric space plus real time t as an external control is incomplete and misleading. The dream of theoretical physicists and mathematicians to demolish all current mathematics and replace it with a single universal numerical statistical law in 4D is now within reach. In this paper, we first focus on the introduction and definition of the proposed unitary 4D space. Next, we introduce and explain what we call the modern Laplacian theorem in 4D unit space. Finally, we explain some unexpected and striking numerical results such as measuring the speed of sound in air at 330 m/s and that of light at 3 E8 m/s. There is an inherent relationship between the speed of sound in air and the diffusivity of sound waves in the sound room, similar to the relationship between the speed of light in a vacuum and the thermal diffusivity of metals when they all live two in a 4D unit. space.
Keyword Extraction in Arabic and English using Page Rank Algorithm
Authors: Al Hadidi Meran M. A.
Published: September 2024

This paper shows a comparison in applying TextRank algorithm for keyword extraction to English and Arabic Text. TextRank algorithm is applied by constructing a graph whose vertices that are formed by candidate words extracted from the title and the abstract of the given Arabic and English after applying a tagging filter to that text to decide the importance of vertices within that graph.
Artificial intelligence in education: Embracing change, addressing challenges, and shaping tomorrow's curriculum
Authors: Dube Bekithemba , Setlalentoa Wendy
Published: September 2024

This special issue deliberated on AI and the curriculum with the aim of exposing various debates, controversies, and pathways in terms of policy and praxis in the Global North. Papers published in this special issue presented various arguments drawing from best practices to either problematise or support the use of AI within the curriculum. This is against the background that the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI), integrating this advanced technology has become a pivotal topic of discussion and research, which in some cases is marred with controversy and the belief that ethical issues such as honesty and hard work are eroded as people use AI within the curriculum. As such, there seems to be resistance among conservative scholars, while other scholars have embraced AI as the future of curriculum implementation. Cognizant of the foregoing, it was critical that this special issue brings together various authors to air their views, which we hope will serve as part of policy formulation in the Global South.
Social Isolation: Overcoming Linguistic Obstacles and Mitigating Social Isolation in Diverse Communities
Authors: Adeyeye Gbenga Michael
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the influence of language obstacles on social isolation in varied communities, with a specific focus on the Ogbomoso community in Oyo State, Nigeria. It analyzed the impact of language barriers on communication effectiveness, resulting in misunderstandings, conflicts, and limited access to crucial services such as healthcare, education, and employment. These obstacles also contribute to social and economic inequalities, impeding social advancement and intensifying emotions of seclusion, unease, and apprehension. The study used a qualitative research approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions, to investigate the experiences of residents and their solutions for surmounting language barriers. The findings emphasized the importance of culturally responsive teaching, community-based learning initiatives, and the utilization of technology in supporting language acquisition and integration. The study presents exemplary programs, such as Canada’s LINC and Australia’s AMEP, as examples of effectively addressing these difficulties. The study underscored the importance of continuous policy assistance, fair access to educational resources, and active community involvement in order to establish more inclusive and unified societies. This study aims to promote social inclusion and reduce isolation by encouraging the use of multiple languages and implementing effective language learning methods. Its goal is to empower people from all backgrounds to succeed in academic, economic, and social aspects of life.

Keywords: Social Isolation, Social Integration, Linguistic Barriers, Diverse Communities, Language Acquisition
BAPIO Annual Conference, Bristol 2024
Authors: Chakravorty Indranil
Published: September 2024

Scientific Committee
Politics of Violence in Healthcare
Authors: Chakravorty Indranil , Chakrborty Nandini
Published: September 2024

Violence against healthcare workers (HCWs) has surged globally, extending beyond conflict zones into areas of relative peace. This editorial examines the epidemic of such violence, which has been exacerbated by recent pandemics. Historical and contemporary instances, such as the 1830s cholera riots, the 2013/14 Ebola outbreak, and recent attacks in Kolkata, highlight how political instability, public mistrust, and socio-economic inequalities fuel aggression against HCWs. A comprehensive analysis reveals that 50-75% of HCWs experience workplace violence, with a significant portion facing sexual abuse. Contributing factors include inadequate security, poor governance, and societal intolerance of HCWs. Possible solutions offer hope, including workplace safety, legal protections, and public awareness of the problem. The editorial calls for a multi-faceted approach involving legislation, better reporting, and global cooperation to address the root causes of violence and improve the safety of HCWs.
Research on corporate strategic communication and management between China and Greece
Authors: Ditsiou Athina , Darvidou Konstantia , Siskos Evangelos
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the study is to investigate the practices of the international corporate strategic communication and management of Chinese enterprises to improve the bilateral trade between Greece and China. The quantitative research design was chosen to provide an accurate outcome for the needs of our investigation. The data collection is held by the online distribution, of 101 questioners, through Google forms, completed by employees in various positions in Chinese enterprises. The research focused on different variables, such as social media usage, government and regulatory compliance. The research analysis gives a clear view of the differences between the models of corporate strategic communication and management utilized by the enterprises of the two countries, as well as suggestions for further adaptation of multi-platform approach to optimize the bilateral trade.
A Data-driven Search For Mid-infrared Excesses Among Five Million Main-sequence FGK Stars
Authors: Contardo Gabriella , Hogg David W.
Published: September 2024

Stellar infrared excesses can indicate various phenomena of interest, from protoplanetary disks to debris disks, or (more speculatively) techno-signatures along the lines of Dyson spheres. In this paper, we conduct a large search for “extreme” infrared excesses, designed as a data-driven contextual anomaly detection pipeline. We focus our search on FGK stars close to the main sequence to favor nonyoung host stars. We look for excess in the mid-infrared, unlocking a large sample to search in while favoring extreme IR excess akin to the ones produced by extreme debris disks (EDDs) and/or planetary collision events. We combine observations from ESA Gaia Data Release 3, the Two Micron All-Sky Survey, and the unWISE version of NASA’s Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), and create a catalog of 4,898,812 stars with G < 16 mag. We consider a star to have an excess if it is substantially brighter in the W1 and W2 bands than what is predicted from an ensemble of machine learning models trained on the data, taking optical and near-infrared information as input features. We apply a set of additional cuts (derived from the machine learning models and the objects’ astronomical features) to avoid false positives and identify a set of 53 objects, including one previously identified EDD candidate. The typical infrared-excess fractional luminosities we find are in the range 0.005–0.1, consistent with previous EDD candidates and potential planetary collision events.
A Data-constrained Analysis for Joule Heating as a Solar Active Region Atmosphere Heating Mechanism. I. Sunspot Umbral Light Bridge
Authors: Yalim M. S. , Frisse M. , Beck C. , Choudhary D. P. , Prasad A. , Nayak S. S. , Zank G. P.
Published: September 2024

Understanding the mechanisms underlying the heating of the solar atmosphere is a fundamental problem in solar physics. The lower atmosphere of the Sun (i.e., photosphere and chromosphere) is composed of weakly ionized plasma. This results in anisotropic dissipation of electric currents by Coulomb and Cowling resistivities. Joule heating due to dissipation of currents perpendicular to the magnetic field by Cowling resistivity has been demonstrated to be the main mechanism for the heating of a sunspot umbral light bridge located in NOAA AR 12002 on 2014 March 13. Here, we focus on the same target region and demonstrate the importance of further constraining our Joule heating model using observational data in addition to magnetic field, namely plasma temperature calculated from the inversion of spectroscopic data obtained from the Interferometric BI-dimensional Spectrometer instrument of the ground-based Dunn Solar Telescope. As a parameter in our analysis, temperature is demonstrated to have the highest sensitivity after magnetic field. We show that the heating of the light bridge is a highly dynamic event that necessitates utilization of 3D spatially resolved observational data for temperature rather than a 1D temperature stratification based on theoretical/semiempirical solar atmosphere models. Our improved data-constrained analysis using spatially resolved temperatures shows that the entire light bridge is heated by the proposed mechanism, and yields heating rate values that are consistent with our previous study.
A New Deep Learning Model to Detect Gamma-Ray Bursts in the AGILE Anticoincidence System
Authors: Parmiggiani N. , Bulgarelli A. , Castaldini L. , De Rosa A. , Di Piano A. , Falco R. , Fioretti V. , Macaluso A. , Panebianco G. , Ursi A. , Pittori C. , Tavani M. , Beneventano D.
Published: September 2024

The AGILE space mission was launched in 2007 to study X-ray and gamma-ray astrophysics. AGILE operated in spinning mode from 2009 until 2024 February 14, when it re-entered the Earth’s atmosphere. This work uses data acquired from the AGILE anticoincidence system (ACS) from 2019 January 1 to 2022 December 31. The ACS is designed to reject charged background particles. It also detects X-ray photons in the 50–200 KeV energy range and saves each panel count rate in the telemetry as ratemeter data, a time series with a resolution of 1.024 s. We developed a method that uses a deep learning model to predict the background count rates of the AGILE ACS top panel (perpendicular to the pointing direction of the payload detectors) using the satellite’s orbital parameters as input. Then, we use the difference between predicted and acquired count rates to detect gamma-ray bursts (GRB). We trained the model with a background-only data set. After the training, the model can predict the ACS count rates with a mean reconstruction error of 3.8%. We used the GRBs listed in the GRBweb catalog to search for significant anomalies in the ACS data. We extracted light curves of 140 bins of 1.024 s for each GRB from the AGILE ACS to cover the trigger time of the GRBs. The model detected 39 GRBs with a significance of σ ≥ 3. The results contain four GRBs detected for the first time in the AGILE data.
Shocking and Mass Loss of Compact Donor Stars in Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Wong Tin Long Sunny , White Christopher J. , Bildsten Lars
Published: September 2024

Type Ia supernovae arise from thermonuclear explosions of white dwarfs accreting from a binary companion. Following the explosion, the surviving donor star leaves at roughly its orbital velocity. The discovery of the runaway helium subdwarf star US 708, and seven hypervelocity stars from Gaia data, all with spatial velocities ≳900 km s−1, strongly support a scenario in which the donor is a low-mass helium star or a white dwarf. Motivated by these discoveries, we perform three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations with the Athena++ code, modeling the hydrodynamical interaction between a helium star or helium white dwarf and the supernova ejecta. We find that ≈0.01–0.02 M
⊙ of donor material is stripped, and explain the location of the stripped material within the expanding supernova ejecta. We continue the postexplosion evolution of the shocked donor stars with the MESA code. As a result of entropy deposition, they remain luminous and expanded for ≈105–106 yr. We show that the postexplosion properties of our helium white dwarf donor agree reasonably with one of the best-studied hypervelocity stars, D6-2.
General Relativistic Radiation Magnetohydrodynamics Simulations of Precessing Tilted Super-Eddington Disks
Authors: Asahina Yuta , Ohsuga Ken
Published: September 2024

We perform a three-dimensional general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulation of a tilted super-Eddington accretion disk around a spinning black hole (BH). The disk, which tilts and twists as it approaches the BH, precesses while maintaining its shape. The gas is mainly ejected around the rotation axis of the outer part of the disk rather than around the spin axis of the BH. The disk precession changes the ejection direction of the gas with time. The radiation energy is also released in approximately the same direction as the outflow, so the precession is expected to cause a quasiperiodic time variation of the observed luminosity. The timescale of the precession is about 10 s for a 10 M
⊙ BH and for the radial extent of a disk of several tens of gravitational radii, where M
⊙ is the solar mass. This timescale is consistent with the frequency of the low-frequency quasiperiodic oscillation (0.01–1 Hz) observed in some ultraluminous X-ray sources.
The Chandra Source Catalog Release 2 Series
Authors: Evans Ian N. , Evans Janet D. , Martínez-Galarza J. Rafael , Miller Joseph B. , Primini Francis A. , Azadi Mojegan , Burke Douglas J. , Civano Francesca M. , D’Abrusco Raffaele , Fabbiano Giuseppina , Graessle Dale E. , Grier John D. , Houck John C. , Lauer Jennifer , McCollough Michael L. , Nowak Michael A. , Plummer David A. , Rots Arnold H. , Siemiginowska Aneta , Tibbetts Michael S.
Published: September 2024

The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) is a virtual X-ray astrophysics facility that enables both detailed individual source studies and statistical studies of large samples of X-ray sources detected in Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer and High Resolution Camera-I imaging observations obtained by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The catalog provides carefully curated, high-quality, and uniformly calibrated and analyzed tabulated positional, spatial, photometric, spectral, and temporal source properties, as well as science-ready X-ray data products. The latter includes multiple types of source- and field-based FITS format products that can be used as a basis for further research, significantly simplifying follow-up analysis of scientifically meaningful source samples. We discuss in detail the algorithms used for the CSC Release 2 Series, including CSC 2.0, which includes 317,167 unique X-ray sources on the sky identified in observations released publicly through the end of 2014, and CSC 2.1, which adds Chandra data released through the end of 2021 and expands the catalog to 407,806 sources. Besides adding more recent observations, the CSC Release 2 Series includes multiple algorithmic enhancements that provide significant improvements over earlier releases. The compact source sensitivity limit for most observations is ∼5 photons over most of the field of view, which is ∼2× fainter than Release 1, achieved by coadding observations and using an optimized source detection approach. A Bayesian X-ray aperture photometry code produces robust fluxes even in crowded fields and for low-count sources. The current release, CSC 2.1, is tied to the Gaia-CRF3 astrometric reference frame for the best sky positions for catalog sources.
Metrics of Astrometric Variability in the International Celestial Reference Frame. I. Statistical Analysis and Selection of the Most Variable Sources
Authors: Cigan Phil , Makarov Valeri V. , Secrest Nathan J. , Gordon David , Johnson Megan C. , Lambert Sebastien
Published: September 2024

Using very long baseline interferometry data for the sources that comprise the third International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF3), we examine the quality of the formal source-position uncertainties of ICRF3 by determining the excess astrometric variability (unexplained variance) for each source as a function of time. We also quantify multiple qualitatively distinct aspects of astrometric variability seen in the data, using a variety of metrics. Average position offsets, statistical dispersion measures, and coherent trends over time as explored by smoothing the data are combined to characterize the most and least positionally stable ICRF3 sources. We find a notable dependence of the excess variance and statistical variability measures on decl., as is expected for unmodeled ionospheric delay errors and the Northern Hemisphere–dominated network geometries of most astrometric and geodetic observing campaigns.
The review of the genus Coccinella (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Zafar , Azad Rashid , Jin Xu , Nasir Muhammad , Bodlah Imran , Abbas Munawar , Hassan Muhammad Asghar , Ali Muhammad , Szawaryn Karol , Nie Rui-E
Published: September 2024

This study comprehensively reviews the genus Coccinella in Pakistan and highlights Coccinella luteopicta as a new country record. The prey, host plants, distribution, and identification key of the genus Coccinella species in Pakistan were provided. Additionally, the COI (cytochrome-c-oxidase subunit I) sequence data of C. luteopicta and C. marussii were provided firstly, to identify their position.

The genus Coccinella includes seven species in Pakistan, namely, C. marussii Kapur, C. iranica Dobzhansky, C. transversalis Fabricius, C. septempunctata Linnaeus, C. transversoguttata transversoguttata Faldermann, and C. undecimpunctata Linnaeus was reviewed. Morphological features of adults, including male genital characters, and an identification key to known species in Pakistan, were presented. Also, the prey, host plants, and distribution were provided. The new data (COI-barcode) shows that C. luteopicta (Mulsant, 1866) was recorded first in Pakistan.
Four new species of the genus Hendelia Czerny, 1903 (Diptera, Clusiidae) from China
Authors: Yang Shuai-Lai , Yin Xin-Ming , Xi Yu-Qiang
Published: September 2024

Four new species of the genus Hendelia Czerny, 1903 collected from China, are described as new to science: H. latustigenissp. nov., H. macrocerasp. nov., H. deltoidessp. nov. and H. flavidasp. nov. An updated key to the species of Hendelia from China is presented.
Developing a working taxonomy for pan-fandom information behavior comparison
Authors: Hill Carrie D.
Published: September 2024

Fan fiction writers regularly work to find the best ways to describe their fan fiction so that it will be seen by all the readers it might interest. Prior work studying the use of tags as metadata, which allows users to sort and filter fan fiction, demonstrates the value of their inclusion in studies of fan writing, fan labor, and fan information practices. By developing a method to study the organization of fan archives, such as a taxonomy of fan tags that can be applied to the works of any fandom, we will be able to gain understanding of the ways fan writers think of describing their works through comparisons of writer/archivist practices across distinct fandoms. From a library and information science perspective, findings that are common across fandoms could reveal ways to design reader-focused features for catalogs and book discovery systems that will allow users to search for fiction more effectively and find literature that interests them in their local libraries. One fan tag taxonomy has already been developed and has been used to study the works tagged "Romy" among fan fiction works in the Marvel Comic Universe. Here, that taxonomy is applied to a different fandom to test its validity for pan-fandom use, and the addition of a tag subtype to denote family relationships is recommended.
Playing King Alfred: Historical reenactment and cosplay of Alfred the Great
Authors: Mussies Martine
Published: September 2024

Playing King Alfred is indicative of a new form of practice-based research that not only explores but actively cocreates the meaning of the icon of Alfred the Great in the first quarter of the twenty-first century. Rooted in two vastly different traditions—historical reenactment and cosplay—the fans playing Alfred blend elements of living history with their representations of visual culture. Their costumes are very similar from a design point of view, but there are fundamental differences in quality and production. The motivations for playing Alfred largely overlap, as fans from both groups mention their love for history, the sense of belonging, and a feeling of nostalgia. Combined, these motivations hint at a religious function of playing Alfred, similar to that of the passion plays. The simulacra produced in these practices, such as the Chi-Rho symbol, produce new meaning. By their rewriting of the texts and border-crossing performances, the fans playing Alfred create a space in between, where reenactment and cosplay collide.
Citational Shakespearean performances as racialized antifandom in Netflix's The Crown
Authors: Pittman L. Monique
Published: September 2024

Fandom is often theorized as a vital praxis that expands agency across the permeable borderland between creatives and consumers, making consumers into creatives and critics who transform and complicate notions of an authoritative textual source such as Shakespeare's canon. Such potential for leveled authority—in which the Shakespearean text, its performance history, editorial interventions, adaptations, and appropriations sit side-by-side with user reimaginations—opens vistas of opportunity to puncture the enduring status of Shakespeare's canon as exclusively white. However, the radical potential of fandom's extreme accessibility can spark an antifandom that polices, among other factors, the whiteness of Shakespeare and Shakespearean fan communities. Three episodes of the Netflix heritage drama The Crown (2016–2023) typify the antifandom that sutures Shakespearean authority to the British monarchy by means of citational performance, reenactments of scenes from Shakespeare that in each case appear at moments of crisis regarding the ruler and the nation.
Educar doutrinando: a mobilização da Igreja pela educação e escola católica após a Proclamação da República (1889-1916)
Authors: Diel Paulo Fernando
Published: September 2024

No Brasil, após a Proclamação da República, a educação e a escola foram palco de disputas que envolveram diferentes correntes ideológicas e filosóficas. Para a Igreja Católica não foi diferente, ela mobilizou o episcopado, o clero, as famílias e os católicos no combate ao ensino leigo e na organização das escolas católicas. Tratou-se de um projeto conservador de educação, amparado na política ultramontana e pelos interesses das oligarquias, que pretendiam modernizar a economia brasileira, sem abrir mão do tradicionalismo. O objetivo deste artigo é, portanto, descrever o discurso e a mobilização da Igreja Católica na promoção da escola e da educação católica nos primeiros decênios após a proclamação da República. Para a Igreja, a educação e a escola católica atenderam a interesses políticos e ideológicos com o objetivo de recristianizar a sociedade, a fim de restaurar o poder e a autoridade da Igreja frente ao Estado e à sociedade brasileira e, consequentemente, a educação foi muito doutrinal e pouco científica. Para este estudo foi utilizado como base documental as cartas pastorais elaboradas pelos bispos brasileiros.
Les défis de l'anticonstitutionnalisme
Authors: Ducharme Théo
Published: September 2024

Cet essai est issu d'une conférence donnée à Porto Alegre, à l’école doctorale en Droit de l’Unisinos à l’occasion spéciale du colloque sur les 35 ans de la Constitution brésilienne et les défis de l’État de droit, le 24 octobre 2023. L’objectif général est de discuter comment les crises récentes, de la crise des « gilets jaunes » à celle contre la réforme des retraites en 2023, ont mis en exergue une forme d’opposition aux normes constitutionnelles. L’ensemble de ces crises et d’autres peut constituer ce que nous appelons ici l’anticonstitutionnalisme.
Reacción jurídico-política de la Unión Europea ante la invasión de Ucrania: Un análisis desde la Política Exterior y de Seguridad Común (PESC) y la Política Común de Seguridad y Defensa (PCSD)
Authors: Palomares Herrera Manuel
Published: September 2024

En el presente estudio realizamos un camino por los cambios producidos en el posicionamiento de la política exterior y de seguridad común (PESC), así como en la de seguridad y defensa de la Unión Europea (PCSD) antes y después de un hecho de actualidad tan reciente como lo es la guerra producida a consecuencia de la invasión de la Federación Rusa a la República Ucraniana. Acometemos por tanto en este análisis un recorrido por la PESC y PCSD que han definido la actual alianza occidental con Ucrania desde el Derecho Internacional Público para conocer y reconocer el nivel de influencia de la diplomacia comunitaria y del aparato institucional de una organización internacional frente a un conflicto de este calibre.
A realidade na Teoria Estruturante do Direito de Friedrich Müller
Authors: Rothenburg Walter Claudius
Published: September 2024

O lugar e o papel da realidade no Direito encontram um esclarecimento satisfatório na teoria estruturante do Direito, de Friedrich Müller. Para a concepção tradicional, a norma jurídica é formada pelo enunciado textual, que reclama interpretação para então ser aplicado a fatos, ocorridos posteriormente. A realidade estaria, assim, fora do Direito, como situação concreta que provoca a incidência da norma jurídica. A teoria estruturante do Direito supera essa concepção, ao apresentar a norma jurídica como complexo formado tanto por aspectos textuais, que se referem à realidade para formar o programa normativo, quanto por aspectos fáticos, filtrados pelo programa normativo e que formam o âmbito normativo. Desse modo, a realidade está presente em todos os momentos de formação da norma jurídica e compõe a própria estrutura normativa. A norma jurídica apenas se perfaz como norma de decisão do caso concreto, por meio de um processo de construção designado “concretização”. Além de uma explicação da estrutura e formação da norma jurídica, Müller propõe um rigoroso método de trabalho para a concretização, em que os aspectos textuais e da realidade são levados em consideração por meio de uma argumentação devidamente fundamentada e revelada, amparada nos textos jurídicos vigentes. A realidade integra, portanto, a norma jurídica.