bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Allosteric Modulators for GPCRs as a Therapeutic Alternative with High Potential in Drug Discovery
Authors: Reyes-Alcaraz Arfaxad , Y. Lucero Garcia-Rojas Emilio , A. Bond Richard , K. McConnell Bradley
Published: May 2020

The superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) consists of biological microprocessors that can activate multiple signaling pathways. Most GPCRs have an orthosteric pocket where the endogenous ligand(s) typically binds. Conversely, allosteric ligands bind to GPCRs at sites that are distinct from the orthosteric binding region and they modulate the response elicited by the endogenous ligand. Allosteric ligands can also switch the response of a GPCR after ligand binding to a unique signaling pathway, these ligands are termed biased allosteric modulators. Thus, the development of allosteric ligands opens new and multiple ways in which the signaling pathways of GPCRs can be manipulated for potential therapeutic benefit. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which allosteric ligands modulate the effects of endogenous ligands have provided new insights into the interactions between allosteric ligands and GPCRs. These new findings have a high potential to improve drug discovery and development and, therefore, creating the need for better screening methods for allosteric drugs to increase the chances of success in the development of allosteric modulators as lead clinical compounds.
Environmental Art and Wilderness: The Stakes of Beauty
Authors: Weber Pascale
Published: May 2020

In the field of environmental art, the concept of beauty is linked to the history of wilderness and Romantism. The beautiful and the sublime arouse a debate that opposes the defenders of a pragmatic ecological commitment against the partisans of a subjective and sensitive creation. In reality, these debates are nothing but old quarrels over the engagement of art, the recognition or rejection of its autonomy towards other disciplines, especially regarding scientific expertise. Approaching creation from the angle of beauty is a way of updating our principles of taste, the ability to judge and also to raise once again what is considered a risk for the individual and for the collective, the exacerbation of the senses, the passions and seduction. Finally, it is about subjecting art to principle of utility that neglects all subjective creation when we are collectively and daily subjected to a regime of guilt and anxiety which orchestrates in turn a form of political and existential resignation. But what remains of aesthetic and artistic experience in such conditions? Does not the rationality of this approach confuse art and communication, denying the emotional connect of art and the fact that beauty is defined by emotional reactions?
Left Side Gallbladder: Clinical and Anatomical Implication
Authors: Banchini Filippo , Capelli Patrizio
Published: May 2020

Left side gallbladder is a rare anatomical anomaly reported in the literature. It is associated with various anatomical variations of the biliary way and intrahepatic portal supply. Most of the time, it is discovered as an incidental finding during intervention for cholecystectomy, exposing patients and surgeons to high risk of complication. To prevent this, we analyze the critical aspects that must be known to perform safe interventions either in the normal setting or in the emergency setting. Different theories are proposed to describe this anomaly, but a debate is still open. Reviewing the literature and analyzing the different processes of formation, we create a classification that can explain how this anomaly can occur, dividing into four variation types.
Cardioprotective Effects of Cultivated Black Chokeberries (Aroniaspp.): Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Therapeutic Effects
Authors: Buda Valentina , Andor Minodora , Diana Antal , Ardelean Florina , Zinuca Pavel Ioana , Dehelean Cristina , Soica Codruta , Folescu Roxana , Andrei Felicia , Danciu Corina
Published: May 2020

Cardiovascular diseases represent the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Obesity, sedentary life style, diet, smoking and stress are the principal inducers of hypertension, endothelium dysfunction and insulin resistance in the developed countries. The latest in vitro and in vivo studies on different type of extracts obtained from black-fruited Aronia highlight its excellent cardioprotective actions for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. So, this chapter aims to bring an up-to-date regarding the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, antiplatelet, blood pressure, glucose and lipid reduction properties of black-fruited Aronia, as a possible new therapeutic strategy for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular pathologies.
Antioxidant Property and Bactericidal Activity of Linum usitatissimum Seed Essential Oil Nanoemulsion (LSEO-NE) on Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Keykhasalar Roghaye , Homayouni Tabrizi Masoud , Ardalan Pouran
Published: May 2020

Background: Linum usitatissimum Seed Essential Oil (LSEO) as an efficient antimicrobial compound contains various types of phytochemicals, such as lignans and phenols. Objectives: In the current study, we produced LSEO nanoemulsion (LSEO-NE) to study its antioxidant capacity and bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: The LSEO-NE was produced using the ultrasonication method and characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Then, we measured its antioxidant activity utilizing both ABTS and DPPH tests at four different LSEO-NE concentrations (200, 600, 800, and 1000 µg/mL) compared to glutathione. Finally, we evaluated its bactericidal activity on S. aureus by studying Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (AST) using LSEO-NE-smeared discs compared to non-smeared and kanamycin discs. Results: The 67.3 nm droplets of LSEO-NE with PDI of 0.452 exhibited strong antioxidant activity, similar to glutathione, in both ABTS (IC50 = 350 µg/mL) and DPPH (IC50 = 235 µg/mL) tests. Moreover, the AST results revealed the significant sensitivity of S. aureus to LSEO-NE-smeared discs when compared to non-smeared and kanamycin discs. Conclusions: According to the results, LSEO-NE can be applied as a safe, natural, and effective antibiotic for bacterial infections caused by S. aureus in most organs, such as the respiratory system and skin. However, further in vivo studies are required to evaluate the LSEO-NE antibacterial efficiency against other pathogenic S. aureus strains.
Designing a Remote Closed-Loop Automatic Oxygen Control in Preterm Infants
Authors: Moradi Mohammad Reza , Kalhori Sharareh R. Niakan , Saeedi Marian Ghazi , Zarkesh Mohammad Reza , Habibelahi Abbas , Panahi Amir Hossein
Published: May 2020

Background: Different automated systems have been developed to improve the maintenance of target range of arterial oxygen saturation (SPO2) in premature infants with respiratory distress. Objectives: This study aimed to develop a remote closed-loop automatic oxygen control (RCLAC) as an efficient monitoring device. Then the means of the fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) and SPO2 by routine manual control (RMC) and RCLAC were compared. Methods: A developmental-descriptive study was carried out in an Iranian hospital (Tehran, Iran; 2015 - 2017). Twenty-two preterm infants with gestational age 24 - 28 weeks entered the study. A database was prepared based on pulse oximeter parameters. A Wi-Fi module was implemented to receive data from a pulse oximeter and send inputs to the user’s mobile. Vibrate alarm was implemented for high or low FIO2. After receiving notifications associated with an increase or decrease of FIO2 levels and user’s confirmation; the alterations were applied on the ventilator. Results: The mean FIO2 in the RMC system was significantly higher than the RCLAC system (98.1 ± 2.67 vs 79.5 ± 16.03; P = 0.0001). According to the results, when the SPO2 reached close to target SPO2 range and consequently FIO2 changed (decreased or increased based on target SPO2), heart rate showed a regular beating with a decrease in the numbers. Conclusions: Remote closed-loop automatic oxygen control system as a simple device could prevent preterm neonates from sustained hypo-hyperoxemic and arrhythmia episodes. Moreover, by using RCLAC, there was no need for continuous monitoring that may reduce the workload of NICU medical staff. Collecting reliable data and recording information in digital forms were also other benefits. Further studies with larger sample size are strongly suggested.
The Nature of Human Activity
Authors: Sevinç Tuğba ,   Kilikya Felsefe Dergisi
Published: May 2020

In this work I present some of Arendt’s criticisms of Marx and assess whether these criticisms are fair. I claim that Arendt reads Marx erroneously, which results in her failure to grasp certain similarities between Marx and herself, at least on some points. It is important to mention that Arendt’s interest in Marx is part of a wider project she pursues. She believes that Marx’s theory might allow us to establish a link between Bolshevism and the history of Western thought. Marx’s notion of history and progress enables Arendt to support her claim that Marx’s theory involves totalitarian elements. By way of correcting Arendt’s misreading of Marx, my purpose has been to get a better understanding of the theories of Marx and Arendt, as well as to see their incompatible views regarding the nature of human activity and of freedom. Arendt charges Marx of ignoring the most central human activity, that is ‘action’; and of denying human beings a genuine political existence and freedom. Furthermore, according to Arendt, Marx conceives labor as human being’s highest activity and ignores the significance of other two activities, namely work and action. In the last analysis, Marx and Arendt prioritizes distinct human activities as the most central (labor and action, respectively) to human beings; and as a result, they provide us two irreconcilable views of politics, history and freedom.
Pyrrhus ile Cineas’ta Tasarı ve Aşkınlık Temelinde Simone De Beauvoir’ın Carpe Diem Eleştirisi
Authors: Soysal Deniz ,   Kilikya Felsefe Dergisi
Published: May 2020

Tasarı ve aşkınlık, Simone de Beauvoir’ın varoluşçu felsefesinin önemli kavramlarıdır. Beauvoir’ın tasarı ve aşkınlık kavramları onun ilk felsefi yapıtı olan Pyrrhus ile Cineas’ta ileri sürülmüştür. Bu makalede Beauvoir’ın tasarı ve aşkınlık kavramlarını carpe diem düşüncesinin karşısına koyarak nasıl kurduğunu sunmak istiyorum. Bu kavramların onun temel ontolojik argümanının temellerini oluşturduğu iddia edilmiştir. Bu ontolojiye göre insan olmak aşkın olmak demektir, aşkınlık somut tarihsel durumlar içindeki tasarılara bağımlıdır. Hiçbir insan bu temel ontolojik durumdan kaçamaz. Carpe diem düşüncesi ya da herhangi bir dingincilik kuramı bu temel ontolojik gerçeklikle çelişir ve bu yüzden de Beauvoir tarafından eleştirilir.
Adorno’nun Bilgi Kuramı Eleştirisinde Husserl Fenomenolojisinin Yeri
Authors: Serin İsmail ,   Kilikya Felsefe Dergisi
Published: May 2020

Yalnızca özgürlüğün ön koşul olduğu eleştirel düşünmenin sağlam bir temele ihtiyacı vardır. Klasik modern felsefenin bu temeli artan bir ilgiyle bilimde bulacağına duyduğu inanç, bilgi kuramını felsefe için hayati değerde bir alan haline getirmiştir. Bu çerçevede bir yandan deneycilerin öte yandan akılcıların ortaya koydukları fikirler aynı temel soruya yanıt verme amacını taşısalar da çözümlerinin birbirleriyle uzlaşmaz oldukları iyi bilinir. Descartes’tan bu yana çok değişmeyen felsefenin Janus yüzlü bu halini kalıcı bir çözüme kavuşturmak isteyen filozoflardan birisi de Husserl olmuştur. Husserl’in fenonomenolojik yaklaşımının bilgi kuramının doğasına yönelik tespitleri Adorno’nun ilgisini çekmiştir. Husserl’in açık seçik sağlam bir temel arayışının fenomenolojik bir çözümlemeyle nasıl olumlu sonuçlandırılabileceği büyük bir sorundur. Bu yazıda Adorno’nun; mantığın kuşku götürmez oluşunu örnek alsak bile sonsuz bir döngüye kapılmadan Husserl’in felsefeye uygun bir temel kuramayacağını öne sürdüğünü göstereceğiz. Husserl’in fenomenolojik yaklaşımından kaynaklanan tutarlı bir bilgi kuramına, yine Husserl’in betimlediği “bunalım” nedeniyle olanak kalmamıştır. Artık bilgi kuramının içinde kalmanın felsefece bir değeri yoktur; bilgi kuramını modern felsefenin ana konusu haline getiren koşulların ele alınması öncelik taşımaktadır. Adorno bu önceliğin, Husserl felsefesinde gözetilmeyişinin, onun hem kaçınılmaz bir sonucu hem de zorunlu bir başlangıcı olduğunu düşünür.
O corpo em performance: Mediação Cultural no Museu de Arte
Authors: Peruzzo Leomar , Carvalho Carla
Published: May 2020

Neste estudo, discute-se o corpo em performance em um percurso de Mediação Cultural no Museu de Arte de Blumenau. Os docentes de arte da região de Blumenau participaram de uma formação tendo como foco a educação estética e o corpo. A performance art como uma ação que mobiliza o corpo foi um meio para a criação de arte e disparadora das experiências estéticas relatadas pelas vozes dos docentes. De caráter híbrido e contemporâneo, a pesquisa possui estrutura teórica em Larrosa (2016), Duarte Jr. (2001), Josso (2007, 2012), Dias e Irwin (2013), Le Breton (2012) e Martins e Picosque (2012). Da Pesquisa Educacional Baseada em Arte, origina-se a A/r/tografia, a qual propõe o entrelaçamento das identidades de artista (artist), pesquisador (researcher) e professor (teacher). Da A/r/tografia, surgem as bases teórico-metodológicas que fundamentam a pesquisa e a criação de visualidades. O estudo proporcionou aos docentes a criação de arte por meio da performance e propõe certa subversão dos modos tradicionais de estabelecer a mediação cultural em espaço museal. O principal achado deste estudo foi a ampliação das possibilidades de pensar percursos de mediação cultural com perspectiva voltada ao corpo e suas potencialidades sensíveis.
A dimensão subjetiva na pesquisa sobre a formação do sujeito na arte
Authors: Alves Carla Juliana Galvão , Silva Laura Cristina Souza da
Published: May 2020

O artigo apresenta reflexões sobre a pesquisa educacional baseada em arte, com foco nos objetos produzidos nestes contextos. Parte de um trabalho realizado em um grupo de estudos, pesquisa e formação realizado no âmbito de um projeto de pesquisa sobre a formação do professor de Artes Visuais, que culminou em uma exposição intitulada “Memória das Coisas: tessituras visuais de trajetórias docentes”. Esse recorte nos permitiu ainda abordar os processos de construção da identidade do sujeito professor, artista e pesquisador, e a relevância dos dados subjetivos, sensíveis na pesquisa em/sobre arte e ensino.
Do ornamento ao design total: um panorama histórico a partir de Hal Foster
Authors: Beccari Marcos Namba
Published: May 2020

Este artigo retoma o polêmico texto “Design e crime”, de Hal Foster, para delinear um breve panorama histórico acerca das relações entre a ornamentação do Art Nouveau e o que o autor denomina “design total”. Para tanto, revisito o debate oitocentista em torno do ornamento e explico como o culto à personalidade emerge com a ornamentação da vida pública. A partir disso, sustento que a difusão do design na vida contemporânea está atrelada a uma conduta do “designer de si”. Assinalo, por fim, a atualidade da provocação de Foster, indicando que, na contramão das narrativas que expõem o design como superação do ornamento, o design segue operando em larga medida à guisa de uma racionalidade ornamental.
O que se fala sobre Cultura Visual no GT 24 da Anped
Authors: Sardelich Maria Emilia , Santos Costa Ana Paula
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho apresenta um levantamento bibliográfico realizado nos Anais das Reuniões Nacionais da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (ANPEd), no período de 2007-2017, a fim de identificar a produção sobre Cultura Visual que vem se construindo no Brasil. A coleta de dados efetivou-se a partir de dois descritores: cultura visual e visualidade. Foram localizados sete trabalhos com os descritores no título, resumo ou palavras-chave das comunicações, dos quais três deles focalizam questões relacionadas à formação docente; dois a Educação Formal e Não Formal, um a Educação Especial e um assinala a experiência visual no âmbito da Educação Básica. Os resultados apontam que a problemática da visualidade e a construção social da visão ainda é emergente no GT 24 da ANPED, sinalizando brechas de pesquisa sobre a construção visual do social, em uma cultura em que abundam os fenômenos e atos visuais.
Em busca do título de mestre: autobiografia em performances
Authors: Santos José Mário Peixoto
Published: May 2020

O presente texto descreve e analisa a performance “Em busca do título de mestre”, 2005 - 2007, série produzida entre a academia e a rua, e de como esse processo foi transformado pelo autor/artista numa performance duracional de caráter autobiográfico. Uma vez que o ato de escrever sobre o gênero performance exige uma abordagem multidisciplinar, envolvendo diversas áreas do conhecimento nas fronteiras da arte e da vida, o uso da linguagem poética e da metalinguagem foram recursos explorados em toda a composição textual.Palavras-chave: Arte da Performance. Autobiografia. Sujeito-Objeto. Corpo. Arte Contemporânea.
A estética relacional e a experiência estética do Hip-hop: O eu e o outro no fazer artístico
Authors: Gomes André Marques , Chaves Larissa Patron
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho pretende introduzir o leitor ao conceito de estética relacional a partir de um relato de experiências como oficineiro no CREAS - Centro de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social e pesquisador da cultura hip hop em um espaço de ensino não formal. É um trabalho biográfico que analisa a trajetória do artista e reflete sobre conceitos de arte encontrados nas produções com hip hop. O texto se apresenta com um breve histórico da cultura hip hop nos Estados Unidos – onde os indícios apontam como o lugar onde nasceu á cultura – e também no Brasil. Foram utilizados autores como Nicolas Bourriaud que dialoga diretamente com os conceitos de estética relacional que é objeto de estudo neste artigo. Aborda a trajetória de um artista engajado no movimento cultural hip hop e como ele se reconhece a partir de sua própria produção. Analisa também, a existência da experiência estética contida nas oficinas de hip hop, que faz com o outro crie relações também com esta cultura. E também sobre os espaços de ensino, materiais e metodologias utilizadas nos encontros e como estes acabam fornecendo uma experiência estética relacional para os participantes.
Quero contar-lhe uma história
Authors: Pech Andrea
Published: May 2020

Este escrito é parte da pesquisa artística em processo intitulada Eu, você, nós, elas, que aborda narrativas autobiográficas sobre amor entre mulheres. Por meio de performances e textos, reúno memórias, realizando uma reflexão acerca de meus relacionamentos passados e propondo uma relação com o espectador/participante/leitor. Neste relato, apresento uma das performances executadas, Quero contar-lhe uma história, que trata de atrações afetivas, amorosas e sexuais. No encontro com um desconhecido, o desejo é colocado em questão: o que atrai em outro corpo? Qual é o corpo de uma mulher lésbica? Que histórias ela traz? A intimidade que se dá no decorrer da performance combate um constante apagamento destas narrativas, pensando em possibilidades de exercer o amor como força política.
Innovative Educational Collaboration between Colleges to Improve Disabilities and Enhance Learning
Authors: MCCLELLAND MOLLY L. , KLEINKE DARRELL K.
Published: May 2020

Interdisciplinary collaboration in higher education can produce valuable learning experiences beyond that of a single discipline approach. The University of Detroit Mercy College of Engineering and College of Health Professions have effectively collaborated yielding results that benefit not only the student but physically challenged individuals living in the Detroit area. Teams of engineering students and nursing students work together on projects to build assistive devices that improve the lives of people in need. This paper describes the techniques, goals and objectives used in multidisciplinary collaborative education. Students who have completed the course have described an enhanced understanding of how to effectively collaborate with members of other disciplines. Clients who have worked with the multidisciplinary teams have benefited by receiving assistive devices that have significantly improved their activities of daily living.
Usability as Speculum Mundi: A Core Concept in Socio-technical Systems Development
Authors: Rajanen Mikko , Rajanen Dorina
Published: May 2020

Usability covers the breadth and depth of the rich interaction of users and technology in the socio-technical context. Though the concept of usability is well established, the integration of usability thinking in system development is challenging, partly due to the difficulty in understanding the importance of usability and justifying the costs incurred by usability work. This article aims to bring forth three fundamental attributes of usability that originate in classical architecture design, namely, utilitas, firmitas, and venustas. We provide a model of conceptualizing usability as speculum mundi, a lens through which the impacts of interaction at all levels of the organization and society can be identified by drawing parallels between the Vitruvian design principles and the paradigms of usability conceptualization. We restate the importance of the concept of usability in the context of socio-technical systems.
Just Finished a Cycle of a Design Science Research Project: What’s Next?
Authors: Bider Ilia , Perjons Erik , Johannesson Paul
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to developing a methodological support for planning Design Science (DS) research projects. More exactly, it is aimed at developing a classification of a particular kind of cycles, inherent to DS research projects, and guidelines on how to choose the next cycle in a specific project. The classification and guidelines are based on results from an analysis of DS literature and a reflective analysis of our own research practice. As far as own research practice is concerned, two DS projects have been analyzed in detail. The analysis revealed that though both projects included cycles, the nature of these cycles was different. In the first project, cycles concerned finding a better problem to solve, while in the second project, cycles concerned finding a better solution for more or less the same problem. Both projects concern developing methodologies in the area of socio-technical systems, and the guidelines on how to choose the next cycle have special provisions related to such systems. In conclusion, the article presents examples of other projects that followed the suggested guidelines and discusses the difference of the suggested approach from other approaches to conduct DS research projects.
Exercising the right to shelter for orphans and children abandoned by their parents in the Russian Federation
Authors: Vasil'eva Elena Yur'evna , Frolova Elena Viktorovna , Rogach Olga Vladimirovna
Published: May 2020

The object of this research is the Russian practice of providing shelter to orphans and children abandoned by their parents. The authors examine such aspects of the problem as availability and capability of timely provision of shelter to orphans after release from orphanage, as well as mechanisms of exercising right to shelter for this social group. Special attention is given to the dysfunctions in the work of regional and municipal authorities regarding creation of environment enabling orphans to exercise such right. The information framework for this research consists of federal and regional normative-legislative acts, as well as information and analytical data forwarded by the regional authorities to the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation for the period of 2014-2019. A conclusion is made that the modern practice of providing shelter for orphans is a prerequisite for development of social injustice regarding families, in which parents diligently carry out their obligations, lead socially acceptable lifestyle, but are unable to provide their children with separate housing. The solution to this situation can come from creation of housing that cannot be privatized or be subject to alienation and made available for social renting.
Contemporary styles and images in Harbin architecture
Authors: Kozyrenko Ivan Sergeevich
Published: May 2020

The object of this research is the contemporary architecture of Harbin, which is currently developing as a megalopolis of the Northeast of China. The subject of this research is the architectural peculiarities of cultural public objects, built in the first decade of the XXI century. At the present time, Harbin determines the old districts of the Russian period of development of the city; new building imitating historical architectural styles; and unique objects of cultural designation. The authors of exclusive projects and the Chinese architectural firms that recently improves their rating not only in China, but also abroad. The scientific novelty is defined by the rapid construction rates in Harbin and formation of its new architectural image. The article is first to explore contemporary architecture of the unique objects for the purpose of determination of stylistic and imagery characteristics. This would allow forecasting future development of architectural environment of the “Russian Atlantis”. The main conclusion consists in the fact that Harbin actively develops cultural functions that increase its status as an international tourism center. Chinese and foreign architectural firms are attracted to design of the objects. Their works indicate the search of memorable and remarkable objects with attached profound semantic meaning. Contemporary architectural objects reflect history, culture and traditions of China, as well as innovative approaches to the formation of urban environment.
Digital monitoring of socioeconomic situation of urban population
Authors: Polyakova Aleksandra Grigorievna , Akhmetshin Elvir Munirovich
Published: May 2020

The subject of this research is the socioeconomic situation of urban population and its response to the processes ongoing within the urban environment. Special attention is turned to digital sociology ensuring the due theoretical-methodological framework and toolset for diagnostic and determination of responses based on formation and processing of big data array extracted from the digital environment represented by social media. Digital environment has potential related in inclusion of new research algorithms and technologies into studying social processes unfolding within urban space. Solution of the task of monitoring of socioeconomic situation of urban population is realized through operationalization of big data using network analysis. The article proposes the procedure for creating in midterm perspective of innovative information system for monitoring the quality of life and socioeconomic situation of urban population based on the comprehensive information maintenance of collection and processing of big data arrays of socioeconomic nature. The author described the components ensuring functionality of the suggested information-analytical system.
Modelling the climatic suitability of Chagas disease vectors on a global scale
Authors: Eberhard Fanny E , Cunze Sarah , Kochmann Judith , Klimpel Sven
Published: May 2020

The Triatominae are vectors for Trypanosoma cruzi, the aetiological agent of the neglected tropical Chagas disease. Their distribution stretches across Latin America, with some species occurring outside of the Americas. In particular, the cosmopolitan vector, Triatoma rubrofasciata, has already been detected in many Asian and African countries. We applied an ensemble forecasting niche modelling approach to project the climatic suitability of 11 triatomine species under current climate conditions on a global scale. Our results revealed potential hotspots of triatomine species diversity in tropical and subtropical regions between 21°N and 24°S latitude. We also determined the climatic suitability of two temperate species (T. infestans, T. sordida) in Europe, western Australia and New Zealand. Triatoma rubrofasciata has been projected to find climatically suitable conditions in large parts of coastal areas throughout Latin America, Africa and Southeast Asia, emphasising the importance of an international vector surveillance program in these regions.
The histone modification reader ZCWPW1 links histone methylation to PRDM9-induced double-strand break repair
Authors: Huang Tao , Yuan Shenli , Gao Lei , Li Mengjing , Yu Xiaochen , Zhan Jianhong , Yin Yingying , Liu Chao , Zhang Chuanxin , Lu Gang , Li Wei , Liu Jiang , Chen Zi-Jiang , Liu Hongbin
Published: May 2020

The histone modification writer Prdm9 has been shown to deposit H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 at future double-strand break (DSB) sites during the very early stages of meiosis, but the reader of these marks remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Zcwpw1 is an H3K4me3 reader that is required for DSB repair and synapsis in mouse testes. We generated H3K4me3 reader-dead Zcwpw1 mutant mice and found that their spermatocytes were arrested at the pachytene-like stage, which phenocopies theZcwpw1knock–out mice. Based on various ChIP-seq and immunofluorescence analyses using several mutants, we found that Zcwpw1's occupancy on chromatin is strongly promoted by the histone-modification activity of PRDM9. Zcwpw1 localizes to DMC1-labelled hotspots in a largely Prdm9-dependent manner, where it facilitates completion of synapsis by mediating the DSB repair process. In sum, our study demonstrates the function of ZCWPW1 that acts as part of the selection system for epigenetics-based recombination hotspots in mammals.
Temporal integration of auxin information for the regulation of patterning
Authors: Galvan-Ampudia Carlos S , Cerutti Guillaume , Legrand Jonathan , Brunoud Géraldine , Martin-Arevalillo Raquel , Azais Romain , Bayle Vincent , Moussu Steven , Wenzl Christian , Jaillais Yvon , Lohmann Jan U , Godin Christophe , Vernoux Teva
Published: May 2020

Positional information is essential for coordinating the development of multicellular organisms. In plants, positional information provided by the hormone auxin regulates rhythmic organ production at the shoot apex, but the spatio-temporal dynamics of auxin gradients is unknown. We used quantitative imaging to demonstrate that auxin carries high-definition graded information not only in space but also in time. We show that, during organogenesis, temporal patterns of auxin arise from rhythmic centrifugal waves of high auxin travelling through the tissue faster than growth. We further demonstrate that temporal integration of auxin concentration is required to trigger the auxin-dependent transcription associated with organogenesis. This provides a mechanism to temporally differentiate sites of organ initiation and exemplifies how spatio-temporal positional information can be used to create rhythmicity.
Encouraging cartilage production
Authors: Stadler H Scott
Published: May 2020

A long non-coding RNA called GRASLND is essential to help stem cells create stable cartilage.
Arkeologiske undersøkingar i 2017 i samband med forskingsprosjektet Stone Age Demographics multi-scale exploration of population variations and dynamics
Authors: Gjerde Jan Magne
Published: May 2020

I samband med forskingsprosjektet Stone Age Demographics: multi-scale exploration of population variations and dynamics, Forskningsrådets prosjektnummer 261760, gjennomførte prosjektet registrering på Årøya, Alta Kommune, Finnmark Fylkeskommune. Undersøkinga fant stad i uke 32, 2017.
Formålet med undersøkingane var datainnsamling til forskingsprosjektet. Hovudfokus er å kartlegge busetnadsspor og andre arkeologiske spor frå steinalder.
Årøya er den einaste større øya i Altafjorden. Den ligg gunstig til for busetnad frå steinalderen og det var registrert relativt få funn på Årøya før prosjektet starta. Potensialet for funn og nytteverdien for prosjektet gjorde at denne øya var valt ut for synfaring etter kulturminne i høve til prosjektet.
Genome-based development of 15 microsatellite markers in fluorescent multiplexes for parentage testing in captive tigers
Authors: Zhao Xiao , Qiu Qiguan , Li Chang , Fu Dongke , Hu Xuesong , Gao Shengjie , Zhu Yugang , Mu Haofang , Wang Runping , Yang Huanming , Li Bo
Published: May 2020

As one of the most endangered species, tiger (Panthera tigris) inbreeding has become an urgent issue to address. Using a microsatellite (short tandem repeat, STR) identification system, paternity testing may be helpful to avoid inbreeding in captive breeding programs. In this study, we developed a genome-based identification system named tiger pedigree identification multiplex system (TPI-plex). By analyzing the entire tiger genome, 139,967 STR loci were identified and 12.76% of these displayed three to six alleles among three re-sequenced individual tiger genomes. A total of 204 candidate STRs were identified and screened with a reference population containing 31 unrelated captive tigers. Of these, 15 loci were chosen for inclusion in the multiplex panel. The mean allele number and mean expected heterozygosity (He) were 7.3333 and 0.7789, respectively. The cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) and total probability of discrimination power (TDP) reached 0.999999472 and 0.999999999999995, respectively. The results showed that the TPI-plex system can be applied in routine pedigree identification for captive tigers. We also added a sex identification marker named TAMEL into the TPI-plex for sex determination.
CRISPR screening identifies M1AP as a new MYC regulator with a promoter-reporter system
Authors: Yamamoto Akiko , Kurata Morito , Onishi Iichiroh , Sugita Keisuke , Matsumura Miwa , Ishibashi Sachiko , Ikeda Masumi , Yamamoto Kouhei , Kitagawa Masanobu
Published: May 2020

Background

MYC is one of the proto-oncogenes contributing to tumorigenesis in many human cancers. Although the mechanism of MYC regulation is still not fully understood, learning about the comprehensive mechanism controlling the transcriptional activity of MYC will lead to therapeutic targets. The CRISPR/Cas9 library system is a simple and powerful screening technique. This study aims to identify new transcriptional upstream activators of MYC using the CRISPR activation library with new promoter-reporter systems.

Methods and Results

The MYC promoter-reporter system was developed with a photoconvertible fluorescent protein, Dendra2, and named “pMYC-promoter-Dendra2.” This MYC promoter-reporter system was designed to harbor a proximal MYC promoter at (3.1 kb). Both the CRISPR activation library and pMYC-promoter-Dendra2 were induced to HEK 293T cells, and Dendra2-positive cells, that are supposed that MYC should be upregulated, were collected individually by a cell sorter. Among the 169 cells collected, 12 clones were successfully established. Then, pMYC-promoter-Dendra2 was transfected again into these 12 clones, and two of 12 clones showed Dendra2 positivity. In this procedure, the cells with non-specific autofluorescence were correctly distinguished by utilizing the photoswitchable character of Dendra2. Using extracted genomic DNA of these two Dendra2 positive clones, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify the guide RNA (gRNA) containing region, which was introduced by the CRISPR activation library. Eventually, PLEKHO2, MICU, MBTPS1, and M1AP were identified, and these gRNAs were transfected individually into HEK 293T cells again using the CRISPR activation system. Only M1AP gRNA transfected cells showed Dendra2-positive fluorescence. Then, the overexpression vector for M1AP with a doxycycline-inducible vector confirmed that M1AP induced high MYC expression by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase assay showed a significant increase of promoter activity, and MYC mRNA was higher in M1AP- overexpressing cells. M1AP is highly expressed in several cancers, though, a positive correlation between M1AP and MYC was observed only in human acute myeloid leukemia.

Conclusion

The present study confirmed that the experimental method using the CRISPR library technology functions effectively for the identification of molecules that activate endogenous MYC. This method will help elucidate the regulatory mechanism of MYC expression, as well as supporting further drug research against malignant tumors.
Metallic elements and oxides and their relevance to Laurentian Great Lakes geochemistry
Authors: Granmo Malachi N. , Reavie Euan D. , Post Sara P. , Zanko Lawrence M.
Published: May 2020

The Laurentian Great Lakes are the most studied system in lake geochemistry and have well-preserved chronological profiles. Metals play numerous critical roles in natural and anthropogenic characteristics of lake ecosystems, so patterns in the historical records of metals from sedimentary cores provide important information about environmental baselines and human impacts. Relevant studies of Great Lakes geochemistry are listed, and we follow with encyclopedic descriptions of metals and their oxides in the lakes. These descriptions include likely natural and anthropogenic sources of elements, their known history from previous paleoecological studies, and their status as potential contaminants of concern. Despite the well-studied geology of the Great Lakes catchment, sourcing elements was sometimes difficult due to materials often being moved long distances by glaciation and the global prevalence of atmospheric pollutants. We summarized available information on metals and their roles as geochemical indicators in the Great Lakes.
Identification of key genes associated with progression and prognosis for lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ma Xiaohan , Ren Huijun , Peng Ruoyu , Li Yi , Ming Liang
Published: May 2020

Background

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a major subtype of lung cancer with limited therapeutic options and poor clinical prognosis.

Methods

Three datasets (GSE19188, GSE33532 and GSE33479) were obtained from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LUSC and normal tissues were identified by GEO2R, and functional analysis was employed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) online tool. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) and hub genes were identified via the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and Cytoscape software. Hub genes were further validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Subsequently, survival analysis was performed using the Kapla–Meier curve and Cox progression analysis. Based on univariate and multivariate Cox progression analysis, a gene signature was established to predict overall survival. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the prognostic value of the model.

Results

A total of 116 up-regulated genes and 84 down-regulated genes were identified. These DEGs were mainly enriched in the two pathways: cell cycle and p53 signaling way. According to the degree of protein nodes in the PPI network, 10 hub genes were identified. The mRNA expression levels of the 10 hub genes in LUSC were also significantly up-regulated in the TCGA database. Furthermore, a novel seven-gene signature (FLRT3, PPP2R2C, MMP3, MMP12, CAPN8, FILIP1 and SPP1) from the DEGs was constructed and acted as a significant and independent prognostic signature for LUSC.

Conclusions

The 10 hub genes might be tightly correlated with LUSC progression. The seven-gene signature might be an independent biomarker with a significant predictive value in LUSC overall survival.
ARTE E POLÍTICA: UMA ANÁLISE ESTÉTICA DO RAP EM UM DEBATE TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICO
Authors: Passold Gabriel
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo parte de uma experiência de ver/ouvir música e de compartilhar alguns instantes de nossa experiência estética com um debate a respeito da relação entre a arte do Rap e a política. Para esse debate, nossa problematização está relacionada à maneira como o Rap tem sido abordado nas universidades. Levantamos algumas questões teórico- metodológicas em trabalhos acadêmicos onde são realizadas leituras do Rap como representação. Em um âmbito geral, esta arte é representada essencialmente como música engajada, embora as argumentações nesse sentido se constituam tão somente sobre as letras e/ou comentários dos artistas. Nossa proposta é analisar as músicas através de uma ideia de arte e não tão somente de um suposto discurso a partir das letras. Trata-se de explorar os múltiplos sentidos nas obras. Para isso, mostraremos algumas contradições entre imagens e sons, palavras e imagens e não necessariamente suas significações, uma vez que entendemos a arte como primazia do elemento estético sobre a necessidade de significar. O que está em jogo não é a validade de um conteúdo da arte, mas o próprio dispositivo representativo, que se mostra problemático, pois mesmo que possamos perceber o julgamento da música com base em conceitos, há pelo menos 200 anos vivemos sob o que Jacques Rancière aponta como o regime estético das artes, em que a arte pode ser entendida enquanto quebra da representação. A partir disso, focamos nossa análise nas cenas de dissenso que o Rap nos proporciona, e não em termos de uma ideia ou de um lugar social da arte, pois este pode ser um amplo campo de pesquisa que, antes de trazer respostas aos problemas suscitados na academia, é produtora de distensões da ordem hierárquica, e, portanto, é política.
O NEGRO HERÓI E A NEGRA ANTI-HEROÍNA: UMA COMPARAÇÃO DISCURSIVA ENTRE RETRATO DO INTRÉPIDO MARINHEIRO SIMÃO E A NEGRA
Authors: Coelho Edinaldo Gonçalves , Chediak Sorhaya
Published: May 2020

Este estudo apresenta os conceitos de herói e anti-herói na arte acadêmica brasileira, bem como no modernismo brasileiro, a fim de compreender como eles são construídos nas obras Retrato do Intrépido Marinheiro Simão, carvoeiro do vapor Pernambucana, do pintor José Correia de Lima, e A Negra, de Tarsila do Amaral. O objetivo é analisar e contrapor os discursos das representações pictóricas do negro/negra, compreendendo como eles são construídos nestas obras artísticas.  O estudo está fundamentado na proposta de leitura de imagens de Carvalho (2011). Ao observar os conceitos de herói e anti-herói nessas obras, é possível perceber que em Retrato do Intrépido Marinheiro Simão predomina o negro idealizado que retoma o estilo neoclássico, em que se hegemonizam os valores estéticos greco-romanos. Já em A Negra prevalece uma anti-heroína que desconstrói estes mesmos valores, construindo outros, apresentando um discurso divergente daquele. Nesse sentido, embora ambas pinturas sejam importantes para a representação negra na arte pictórica brasileira, a obra de Tarsila do Amaral mostra-se mais próxima de uma manifestação artística africana, tendo em vista que engrandece a etnia negra por não idealizar, mas por valorizar, exagerar e desconstruir os preceitos da arte acadêmica.
A GUERRA COMO IMAGEM E DISCURSO: Uma abordagem sobre a significação da imagem fotográfica de guerra na construção de um discurso
Authors: Pimentel Thiago Souza
Published: May 2020

Neste ensaio propomos mostrar de que maneira a imagem – ou o que a princípio entendemos como aquilo que subjaz oculto sob a superfície achatada do papel fotográfico – efetivamente se faz Existência e, portanto, torna-se experimentável através da significação; e de que maneira esta, a posteriori, termina por construir o discurso que possibilita a experiência (ainda que) dissociada da guerra. O que mostra uma imagem? Não nos parece possível responder essa pergunta fora do plano da significação. Dessa forma, neste ensaio tratamos de abordar a fotografia – a imagem do objeto da realidade – desde um de seus aspectos porventura mais essenciais: o fato de que se trata de uma construção discursiva. Com esse objetivo, procuramos dissecar a imagem (a qual entendemos ser insuficiente em si) da guerra abordando seus principais elementos constitutivos e buscando com isso compreender de que forma os limites impostos ao entendimento da constituição mesma da imagem são também, em muitos casos, os limites de como se pode experimentar a guerra. A significação, afinal, constituirá a própria imagem-discurso do que antes nos é invisível (incompreensível). O que se espera neste ensaio é justamente demonstrar como a imagem deixa de ser uma mensagem invisível quando se torna um para alguém (dotada de significado). Dissociada da experiência em si, a guerra é como se pode percebê-la. Assim, para os espectadores aparece a guerra: como realidade discursiva (representação imagética) em relação dialética entre autor e receptor da imagem de guerra. Em todos casos, mais que nada nos interessa aqui a capacidade que a imagem tem de provocar uma espécie de transfiguração de algo interno ao sujeito que a mira, a percebe – o sujeito receptor de imagens capaz de estabelecer (nele próprio) um elo entre a imagem de um evento e a maneira dissociada de se experimentar o mesmo.
The Use of Technology among School Mathematics Teachers and Students: The New Wave of Recommended Instructions
Authors: Atteh Evans , Assan-Donkoh Isaac , Ayiku Frank , Nkansah Emmanuel , Adams Alfred Kofi
Published: May 2020

People in the early stages were even afraid to touch the computer, but nowadays almost everybody can use the computer and its tools. Integration of ICT in mathematics is not merely using computer for typing and printing questions, searching and delivering lessons via PowerPoint but rather using ICT in teaching various topics in mathematics. Integration of ICT in mathematics education also has a positive impact on mathematics teaching and learning. It is therefore necessary for teachers in mathematics to use technology in teaching, and also to encourage students to use technology in mathematics learning. This will enable the students to better understand the mathematics concept taught. With the teaching and learning of mathematics becoming more and more technology base these days to the younger generations, it is, therefore, crucial to throw more light on the use of technology among school mathematics teachers and students which is the new wave of recommended instructions.
Spatial Variability of Nitrate Levels in Groundwater of Lokoja Town, Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Odoma A. L. , Ocheri M. I.
Published: May 2020

This research was undertaken to assess the spatial distribution of Nitrate levels in the groundwater withdrawn via boreholes. This was done by sampling functional boreholes in the study area for nitrate levels. Lokoja town was selected for this research and the analysis of nitrate contamination was conducted in September which is usually the peak of the rainy season. Ten (10) water samples were collected from ten (10) different boreholes across Lokoja town and examined for Nitrate contamination. Laboratory analysis was conducted via standard methods for water examination using the Cadmium Reduction Method. Results from the laboratory analysis showed that all the boreholes sampled during the study were contaminated with Nitrate. However, the levels of contamination observed were all below the maximum limit of 50 milligrams per litre (mg/l), prescribed by the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). Nitrate levels observed were low at the northern part of the study area and increased down south. This can be attributed to factors of land use and hydrogeologic features of the place. Annual flooding, the use of inorganic fertilizers and the indiscriminate dumping of waste might be responsible for the high levels of Nitrate observed in Ganaja Village, which is in the southern part of the study area. On a whole, it is recommended that further work be carried out to examine Nitrate levels in the groundwater of other flood plains within the country with similar land use patterns. This will help to ascertain the combined influence of waste, the use of inorganic fertilizers and flooded soils on nitrate levels in groundwater reserves. Furthermore, the water in the study area can be utilised if properly subjected to efficient purification methods.