bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of local sweet potato cultivars (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) from Bulungan, North Kalimantan based on morphological characters
Authors: OKTAVIANINGSIH LINDA , FITRIANI FITRIANI , HENDRA MEDI , ARIF MUHAMMAD FAUZI
Published: November 2024

Indonesia is one of the centers of sweet potato diversity worldwide. Sweet potatoes have the potential to be developed for food consumption. This research aims to determine the diversity of sweet potato cultivars, their morphological characteristics, and the relationships between local sweet potato cultivars in Bulungan Regency, North Kalimantan. The local sweet potato cultivars were selected using purposive sampling with the exploration method. The morphological characterization of the samples is based on IBPGR (International Board for Plant Genetic Resources) standards. Cluster analysis was conducted to identify the relationships using MVSP software version 3.1. The research identified 27 local sweet potato cultivars in Bulungan Regency. Morphological characterization revealed 41 characters that can differentiate each local sweet potato cultivar. The most influential characteristics include leaf shape, flower surface texture, the position of the stigma, flower surface color, back petal color, center shape and the number of lobes, primary leaf vein color, lobe type, main leaf bone color, stem internode length, and plant type. A flower shape that had not been discovered before, a pentagonal shape with curves, was identified. Cluster analysis divided the cultivars into two major groups with a coefficient range of 0.593 to 0.888 (59.3 to 88.8%). Cluster A consisted of one member, LK-7 (purple sweet potato), while Cluster B consisted of several subgroups with 26 local cultivars. The people of Bulungan Regency use these local cultivars for food, animal feed, and medicinal purposes.
Festivals: an Opportunity for Sustainable Development of Tourism Regions
Authors: Ilieva Lyubka , Bozhinova Mariyana , Todorova Lyubomira , Marinov Marin , Ismailov Taner , Spasova Siana
Published: November 2024

Objective: The purpose of this development is to present the opportunities provided by festivals as organized events for the sustainable development of tourism regions.   Theoretical Framework: The article focuses on several key concepts. First, it examines the role of festivals as organized events in promoting tourism. Secondly, it is based on the sustainability principles, balancing environmental, economic and socio-cultural factors. Lastly, it considers event tourism as a significant driver for local development.   Method: An empirical research which includes an analysis of published materials and documents that study organized events and festivals in particular as part of cultural and historical tourism was conducted.   Results and Discussion: Festivals significantly contribute to the sustainable development of tourism regions by enhancing local cultural identity and attracting tourists. The successful organization of festivals can strengthen the image of a region, promoting long-term benefits for both the tourism industry and local communities.   Research Implications: Festivals can serve as strategic tools for sustainable tourism development by fostering regional cultural identity and attracting tourists. Policymakers and tourism managers should prioritize festival planning and management as a means to enhance the economic, social and cultural sustainability of tourism regions.   Originality/Value: The originality of the article lies in its focus on festivals as a unique catalyst for the sustainable development of tourism regions, highlighting their multifaceted impact on local economies, culture, and social cohesion. This study provides valuable insights into how well-managed festivals can enhance the long-term sustainability of tourism destinations, offering practical guidance for policymakers and event organizers.
Similarities and Dichotomies Between Nature-Based Solutions and Green Infrastructure: a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Nunes Orlando Vinicius Rangel , Bezerra Maria do Carmo de Lima , Albuquerque Raquel Oliveira de
Published: November 2024

Objective: The study seeks to address the following question: What are the similarities and dichotomies between green infrastructure (GI) and nature-based solutions (NBS) from the perspective of Brazilian researchers, and how do the identified solutions mitigate the depletion of urban ecosystem services?
 
Method: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted using the PRISMA protocol in research within the CAPES Journal database. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were original texts, peer-reviewed, published in national and international journals in Portuguese, covering the themes of NBS, GI, informal settlements, and public open space. After reviewing the 90 identified texts, a final selection of 41 texts was made for the SLR.
 
Originality/Value: These texts were analyzed from a novel perspective, bringing together the themes of GI, NBS, ecosystem services protection, and urban land use.
 
Results and Discussion: The study identified the authors’ views on the pressures of urbanization on ecosystem services and the solutions for their protection. It was concluded that the concepts of NBS and GI are often conflated in most approaches and that adopting urbanization associated with nature faces conceptual, operational, and managerial challenges.
 
Research Implications: The research provides insights into the integration of GI and NBS in urban planning to address the challenges of uncontrolled urbanization and the degradation of ecosystem services.
Bibliometric Analysis of Publications on the Synthesis of Graphene and Reduced Graphene Oxide in the Scopus Research Platform
Authors: Freitas Nichollas Rodrigues Bezerra , Silva William Neves da , Santana João Pedro Mota , Maia Júnior Paulo Herbert França , Nunes Vanja Fontenele , Freire Francisco Nivaldo Aguiar
Published: November 2024

Objective: Conduct a bibliometric analysis of articles on the synthesis of graphene and graphene oxide, as well as their applications, from the documents in the last fourteen years.
 
Method: The bibliometric analysis used data from the Scopus database to visualize the main keywords, countries, and journals, addressing the theme of graphene synthesis and its applications over the past 14 years, from 2010 to 2024.
 
Results and Discussion: Using the Bibliometrix software combined with R programming, 1,485 documents published in English were analyzed, which includes articles in review and in their final version. The results demonstrated that despite being a widely explored theme in the scientific community, there is still a growing global relevance.
 
Research Implications: The analysis provided significant data on the development and key trends in academic research. The study revealed a great interest in obtaining reduced graphene oxide and its application in solar cells, as well as the efficiency they produce.
 
Originality/Value: The study aimed to contribute to academic research by demonstrating and analyzing the main trends in graphene synthesis and its applications. Demonstrating its relevance in recent years and the growth in applications in photovoltaic systems.
Evolution of volcanism and geodynamic settings in the Sakmara zone of the Southern Urals in the early Paleozoic
Authors: Kosarev A. M. , Shardakova G. Yu. , Minibaeva K. R.
Published: November 2024

Research subject. Northern part of the Sakmara zone of the Southern Urals, represented by the Krakinsko-Mednogorsk paleovolcanic belt, including the Mednogorsk ore district and the Blavinsko-Komsomolskoye ore field. Aim. To reconstruct the paleogeodynamic settings during the Cambrian–Early Devonian in the Sakmara zone. Methods. An analysis of geological, petrogeochemical, structural-tectonical, and paleovolcanological data obtained by the authors and those reported in literature using conventional and new petrogeochemical diagrams. Results. The following stages of tectono-magmatic evolution in the Sakmara zone were distinguished: (1) Cambrian–Early Ordovician, continental rifting; (2) Early–Middle Ordovician, oceanic spreading; (3) Early Silurian, suboceanic rifting, serpentinite protrusions, edaphogenic breccias, siliceous rocks (starting a subduction zone); (4) Late Silurian–Early Devonian, island-arc basalt-rhyolite volcanism and sulfide deposits, volcanism of the shoshonitic and alkaline series, formation of the rear island arc. The Sakmara zone features no analogues of boninite volcanism (D1e2) typical of the West Magnitogorsk zone, which indicates the absence of signs of the volcanogenic strata of the Voznesensk–Prisakmar zone being pushed into the Sakmara structural zone. Conclusions. (1) In the Cambrian–Early Devonian, volcanogenic and volcanogenic-sedimentary formations and strata of the Sakmara zone formed a megacycle, starting with the processes of continental and oceanic rifting, which led to the subduction process and generation of the frontal and rear island arcs. (2) The volcanism in the Sakmara and Voznesensk–Prisakmar zones developed autonomously, without tectonic transfers from east to west. (3) The partial coincidence of the formation age of the Chanchar (D1lh–e1) complex of the Sakmara zone and the Turin complex (S2p–D1lh) of the Tagil zone suggests the presence of a reduced continuation of the western wing of the Tagil zone in the Sakmara zone.
Morphogenetic varieties of iron oxyhydroxides in shimmering smokers-diffusers of the Rainbow hydrothermal field (36°13′ N, 33°54′ W, Mid-Atlantic Ridge): LA-ICP-MS data for the development of halmyrolysis theory
Authors: Maslennikov V. V. , Lein A. Yu. , Ayupova N. R. , Tseluyko A. S. , Artemyev D. S. , Kotlyarov V. A.
Published: November 2024

Research subject. Iron oxyhydroxides covering and replacing the chimneys of shimmering water smokers-diffusers of the Rainbow hydrothermal field (MAR). Aim. To identify features of the concentration and associations of chemical elements in varieties of iron oxyhydroxides to recognize patterns of geochemical differentiation under conditions of halmyrolysis of sulfide chimneys-diffusers. Materials and methods. Samples were collected during a dive to a depth of 2300 m using the manual manipulator of the Mir-2 manned vehicle (travel No. 50, research vessel Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, 2005). Varieties of iron ohyhydroxides were identified using electron microscopes (REMMA-202М with LZ-5 Link system, Tescan Vega 3 sbu with an Oxford Instruments X-act energy-dispersive analyzer, and Jeol Superprobe 733 with an EDA Oxford Instruments INCAx-sight) and a powder X-ray diffractometer (SHIMADZU XRD-6000, CuK-α radiation with monochromator). Further, a mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma and laser ablation (LA-ICP-MS) analysis was conducted at the South Urals Federal Scientific Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Results. Microlayered goethite aggregates containing admixtures of barite, calcite, aragonite, native sulfur, covellite, sphalerite, and an X-ray amophoric oxyhydroxide phase of iron cover the shimmering diffusers. Towards the inner parts of the chimney walls, they are replaced by pseudomorphs of lepidocrocite after pyrite and pyrrhotite, and then by radial and bacteriomorphic crustifications of lepidocrocite. The use of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) showed that goethite varieties have the increased contents of Zn and Co associated with other elements of medium-temperature hydrothermal fluids (Cd, Mn, Ni, Ga, Sn, Pb and Sb) in the absence of significant concentrations of a high-temperature hydrothermal association (Se, Bi, Te). The role of elements of seawater association (Mg, Na, K, Sr, U, V, As, Mo, Ni, P, B, W, Cs, REE) decreases from the surface layered goethite aggregates to crustification varieties of lepidocrocite. Different scenarios of accumulation under conditions of sulfide halmyrolysis and precipitation on local reduction barriers are proposed for elements with different valences (U, V, Mo, As, Cr, Eu). It is assumed that some of the microelements (Sr, V, As, P, REE) found in goethite are products of sorption on iron hydroxides or are part of invisible Fe-Ca hydroxyphosphates. Conclusion. The influence of sulfide halmyrolysis on the differentiation of chemical elements has been revealed.
(Un-)persönliches Schreiben in der Wissenschaftssprache? Eine vergleichende quantitative Studie zu deutschen und polnischen Doktorarbeiten aus der Germanistik
Authors: Matthies Jochen
Published: November 2024

This paper deals with agent demotion and self reference in German as an academic language used by non-native speakers. It examines two comparative corpora consisting of German language dissertations written by L1 speakers from Germany and Austria and L2 speakers from Poland. Significant differences between the two groups are detected regarding the use of different types of agent demotion. These differences may be explained based on the different linguistic and cultural backgrounds of the authors. To complement these statistical findings, the paper also examines some forms of non-standard language use by the L2 speakers that may be traced to Polish influence. A comparison with two previous studies with bachelor and master theses shows that rare constructions increase in terms of type frequency among the Polish students. Moreover, on both sides there are developments in language usage that seem to be connected with an increase in academic expertise.
Generic Structure of Hospital Pharmacy Instructions
Authors: Satokangas Henri
Published: November 2024

A Finnish hospital pharmacy produces instructions on the handling and use of medicines. These directive text documents are interprofessional in nature: they are produced by pharmacists in the hospital pharmacy and targeted to the multi-professional staff in the wards. This article explores the generic structure of these hospital pharmacy instructions from three perspectives: 1) the move structure of the text documents, 2) the writers’ orientations to the generic structure, and 3) recipient reflections on the generic structure. The structure of the texts is subjected to text-driven move-step analysis, whereas the writers’ and readers’ views are examined via interviews. The analysis reveals that the instructions have an established macrostructure with considerable flexibility and variation on the level of move-internal steps. The writers share a relatively coherent yet implicit understanding of the generic structure, whereas the recipients provide versatile, even contradictory readings and evaluations.
Relações conceituais em Freire, Piaget e Vygotsky utilizadas no ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática e na formação de professores
Authors: Rebouças Marcos Sérgio Carvalho , Oliveira Marcos Antônio de , Bezerra Diogo Pereira
Published: November 2024

Este estudo busca identificar e descrever quais principais conceitos e perspectivas em Freire, Piaget e Vygotsky são utilizados no processo de ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática e na formação de professores. Para isso fez-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, bibliográfica, do tipo estado da arte. Os dados obtidos advieram da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações e tiveram sua busca pautada em descritores previamente definidos. Da análise destes, constatou-se que os conceitos de Freire são bastante utilizados na educação de jovens e adultos; os de Piaget, na Educação Infantil e anos iniciais; os de Vygotsky abarcam, predominantemente, da Educação Infantil ao Ensino Superior; e que todos os conceitos são largamente adotados na formação de professores. Dentre as contribuições destes autores, os pressupostos vinculados à problematização, mediação, contextualização, jogos e fazeres ativos são comuns quando se buscam caminhos para o ensino de Matemática. Por fim, constatou-se que, para além das divergências no pensamento, os autores se complementam na construção de uma visão interacionista da aprendizagem.
MENELUSURI KEINDAHAN BUDAYA NGAROT DI INDRAMAYU: JEJAK TRADASI DAN KEARIFAN LOKAL
Authors: Isad Suhaeb  , Eva Farhah
Published: November 2024

Studi ini mengekplorasi keindahan budaya Ngarot di Indramayu, sebuah tradisi yang kaya akan warisan lokal dan kearifan tradisional. Ngarot merupakan upacara yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan masalah pertanian.Upacara ini terdapat di Desa Lelea, Kecamatan Lelea, Kabupaten Indramayu.Upacara ngarot diikuti oleh generasi muda dan berlangsung dari tahun ke tahun tanpa putus. Ngarot pada hakikatnya adalah festival hiburan kesenian generasi muda yang disempurnakan dengan berbagai jenis kesenian tradisional, selain itu juga Ngarot merupakan upaya generasi muda untuk meningkatkan ketaqwaan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, meningkatkan budi pekerti, berkarya, ikut serta dalam pembangunan, bekerjasama, bersinergi, menghargai sesama, mempererat solidaritas, serta keamanan daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, menyelidiki jejak tradisi serta implikasi budaya dan ekonominya dalam kontek pariwisata. Metode penelitian ini melibatkan wawancara, observasi partisipasif, dan analisis konten. Bertujuan untuk lebih menggali dan mendokumentasikan bahwa ini adalah warisan budaya yang kaya dan kearifan lokal yang terkandung dalam tradisi Ngarot. Melalui kegiatan ini, diharapkan dapat memperkuat pemahaman tentang nilai-nilai budaya yang unik serta kontribusi mereka terhadap identitas lokal dan keberlanjutan ekonomi komunitas di Indramayu. Hasilnya mengungkapkan bahwa tradisi upacara adat  Ngarot bukan hanya merupakan atraksi wisata, tetapi juga simbol penting dari identitas lokal dan sumber keberlanjutan ekonomi komunitas. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang bagaimana warisan budaya dan kearifan lokal dapat mendaji daya tarik utama dalam pengembangan pariwisata yang berkelanjutan.
 
Kata kunci: Ngarot, Budaya, Pariwisata, Kearifan Lokal.
ADVENTURE TOURISM: STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI DESA SAMBANGAN, KABUPATEN BULELENG, BALI
Authors: Adistiyani Laras Hati  , Wirawan Putu Eka , I Wayan Kiki Sanjaya
Published: November 2024

Seiring masifnya perkembangan pariwisata, menyebabkan munculnya perkembangan beberapa alternatif pariwisata, seperti: desa wisata dan ecotourism yang menjadi alternatif perkembangan pariwisata massal. Desa Sambangan memiliki beberapa pesona objek wisata yang tidak kalah indahnya dengan kawasan wisata lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan potensi-potensi, faktor pendukung, faktor penghambat dan mengetahui strategi pengembangan wisata petualangan berbasis masyarakat di Desa Sambangan Kabupaten Buleleng, Bali. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang merupakan metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk meneliti pada kondisi objek yang alamiah. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Observasi dan Wawancara. Data yang telah dikumpulkan, diolah, dan dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan alat analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan kuadrat matrik SWOT maka dapat dilihat bahwa posisi dari desa wisata sambangan pada saat ini berada diposisi kuadran I pertumbuhan (growth) dengan posisi kuadran didalam tempatnya di posisi kuadran IB yang berarti posisi strategi desa wisata sambangan berada pada posisi strategi pertumbuhan stabil (stable growth strategy). Jika desa wisata sambangan berada pada posisi ini maka kekuatan bersaing yang dimiliki oleh desa wisata sambangan relativ lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan peluang yang tersedia. Akbitanya, desa wisata sambangan hanya dapat tumbuh sesuai dengan kemampuan sendiri yang dimiliki. Dengan kata lain, pertumbuhan desa wisata sambangan tidak bersifat drastis (cepat), melainkan secara bertahap.
PERAN PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN PER KAPITA: STUDI KASUS 34 PROVINSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ruslan Fadhlurrahman , Ratnawati Nirdukita , Muliati
Published: November 2024

This study aims to see the effect of government spending on income per capita of 34 provinces in Indonesia. This study uses panel data regression (pooled data) to determine the effect of government spyending, namely education function, health function, and social assistance, on the dependent variable income per capita. The data used secondary data of 34 provinces in Indonesia over the period 2016-2020 published by the Ministry of Finance and Central Statistics Agency. The result showed that government spending on education and public service functions with 5% error rate are statistically significant have sign in accordance with expectation, then H1 and H4 are accepted. While spending on social function has reversed sign and health function has no influence on income per capita of 34 provinces in Indonesia for 2015-2019 period
Molecular-Level Investigation of Binary Fluid Droplets Impacting Surfaces
Authors: van Swol Frank , Frink Laura J. D. , Malanoski Anthony P. , Petsev Dimiter N.
Published: November 2024

Droplets impacting with surfaces are commonly encountered processes in the field of protective coatings. The behavior of a colliding binary liquid droplet is sensitive to the impact velocity, surface wetting properties, and the droplet composition. Modeling molecular dynamics and classical density functional theory studies of impacting droplets as well as interfacial-surface free energies was reported on. The presence of two components in the liquid drop makes the surface collision a complicated problem. During the collision the kinetic energy of the drop is converted into heat. Thus, the temperature varies during the collision and throughout the droplet. Two extreme situations were captured by performing both adiabatic and isothermal simulations. Molecular dynamics and classical density functional theory were used to explore the effects of the mixing parameter on the phase diagram of the binary AB mixed droplets. The location of liquid–vapor and liquid–liquid phase separation was determined. In addition, the value of the interfacial tensions of all interfaces was computed. These can be used to predict when an A-rich and B-rich droplet will stay attached and when it will detach.
Reliability and Sensitivity Analysis of Composite All-Movable Fin Flutter
Authors: Gong Yu-Lian , Zhang Jian-Guo
Published: November 2024

Uncertainties widely existing in composite aircraft structures make flutter reliability and sensitivity analysis highly necessary. In this work, a probabilistic approach is proposed for reliability and sensitivity analysis of composite all-movable fin flutter. To be specific, an adaptive method based on basis-adaptive polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) is developed to estimate the probability of failure, and the basis-adaptive PCE-based Sobol indices are used for measuring the contributions of input variables to the reliability over their entire uncertainty ranges. A composite beam and a composite plate are analyzed to test the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach. The finite element model of composite all-movable fin flutter is approximated by the basis-adaptive PCE model, which is adaptively updated by the FBR learning function. The weighed [Formula: see text]-means strategy is added to accelerate the convergence speed and reduce the number of iterations. Then the basis-adaptive PCE model is combined with numerical simulation for reliability and sensitivity analysis of composite all-movable fin flutter. Based on the results of Monte Carlo simulation, compared with adaptive support vector regression, kriging, and the traditional PCE method, it is found that the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method are the best for reliability and sensitivity analysis of composite all-movable fin flutter.
Interpretation and Translation: How an Education Policy Is Distorted and Reoriented by Official Education Systems
Authors: Chen Hao
Published: November 2024

From the Bernsteinian perspective, education policy interpretation and translation, as a process of recontextualising policy discourse into proposed pedagogic modes, follow certain regulative discourses and rules of social orders. This study illustrates this argument by investigating 15 discipline heads’ experiences concerning their exposure to the interpretation and translation of the higher vocational education curriculum reform policy in China. The policy emphasised industry-led curricula, which is opposite to the general regulative discourse of state dominance in the Chinese education system. Given this contradiction, the government and its vocational colleges attempted to find a compromise, and thus their agents interpreted and translated the policy discourse into regionalised modes where the official education system could still control knowledge selection with limited influence from employers. It is argued that the regulative discourse in an education policy originating in realistic and economic considerations might be contrary to the general regulative discourse in official education systems, so that the policy could not be faithfully interpreted based on its own regulative discourse but had to be interpreted by largely following the general regulative discourse that is opposed to that of the policy. Thus, the policy was distorted and reoriented into a pedagogic mode that diverges from the aim of the policy.
VAŽNOST NAČELA KONTINUITETA I PRIMATA DRŽAVLJANSTVA U POSTUPCIMA DENACIONALIZACIJE NA PRIMJERU SLUČAJA GROFA DRAŠKOVIĆA
Authors: Staničić Frane
Published: November 2024

In denationalization procedures, that is, the right to compensation and/or return of confiscated property according to the Law on Compensation for Property Confiscated During the Yugoslav Communist Rule, the question of nationality is (was) extremely important. Namely, from 1996 to 2002, foreign nationals did not have the right to be entitled to compensation. Since 2002, the holder of the right to compensation is any previous owner, regardless of nationality, whose right to compensation for confiscated property is not regulated by an intergovernmental agreement. Therefore, the question of nationality is still important for the possibility of instigating denationalization procedures. In the mentioned procedures, until 2002, the question could arise as to whether a person was a Croatian national or not, that is, after 2002, the question could arise as to whether a person was a national of a state with which there is an intergovernmental agreement on compensation for confiscated property. In determining the nationality of a potential recipient of compensation, two principles of nationality law are extremely important - the principle of continuity and the principle of the primacy of nationality. The paper will analyze these two principles and their application in the denationalization process will be shown in the case of count Drašković.
(NE)OPRAVDANOST SNIŽAVANJA STAROSNE GRANICE NASTUPANJA KRIVIČNE ODGOVORNOSTI U FEDERACIJI BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
Authors: Gurda Vedad
Published: November 2024

In the middle of 2023, a thirteen-year-old elementary school student in Lukavac (Bosnia and Herzegovina) shot a teacher with a firearm, causing him life-threatening injuries. It happened just one month after a much more monstrous crime had been committed by his peer in a school in Belgrade. Taking into consideration that in accordance with the positive (juvenile) criminal legislation in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, young persons of that age cannot be prosecuted by the criminal justice authorities, because the age limit for the onset of criminal responsibility is 14 years, in light of the aforementioned events, one of the vice presidents of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina submitted an initiative to the competent Ministry of Justice to amend the relevant legislation by lowering, or redefining the age limit for the onset of criminal responsibility. The paper presents different models of defining the age limits of criminal responsibility in comparative law, as well as tendencies related to their lowering, i.e. raising in the national laws of countries around the world in the last few decades. After that, the paper analyses the relevant international and supranational legal standards in this area, as well as the results of certain (neuro) scientific research related to this issue. Based on all of the above, it is concluded that the initiative to lower or redefine the age of criminal responsibility in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina does not have a valid scientific and legal foundation and that it represents a kind of moral panic and penal populism.
Client’s pre-operative expectations and outcome of cataract surgery at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Akpa Noah Emmanuel , Onwubiko Vivienne Anayo , Tenmang Panshak Elisha , Odugbo Perpetua Ojo , Wade Patricia Delsat
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

A cataract is an opacity of the natural crystalline lens that causes vision loss. It is the most common cause of blindness worldwide, accounting for 39% of the 42 million blind people in the world. The optimum outcome from a cataract surgery can be achieved if post-operative subjective outcomes meet pre-operative expectations. It is expressed in different ways including patient satisfaction. This study evaluated clients’ pre-operative expectations and the outcome of cataract surgery at Jos University Teaching Hospital.

Materials and Methods:

A quasi-experimental, prospective hospital-based study that consecutively recruited 109 participants aged 18 years and above for 6 months. Data regarding the sociodemographic characteristics, pre-operative visual function, and expected post-operative outcome were collected preoperatively, and the subjective outcome and level of patient satisfaction were also assessed 6 weeks after surgery using a visual function index questionnaire. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences’ version 23. Frequencies and percentages were determined for categorical variables; mean and standard deviation, median, and interquartile range were calculated for continuous variables. Correlation was used to measure the relationship between overall satisfaction and expected or achieved visual function. A significant level was determined at P < 0.05.

Results:

A total of 109 participants were seen in this study, of which 60 (55%) were males. The mean age of participants in the study was 64.5 ± 11.1 years. The median (interquartile range) expected and actual post-operative outcome scores were 100 (80–100) and 98 (75–100), respectively. The majority of the participants, 86 (78.9%), were satisfied with the outcome of cataract surgery, and the predictors of satisfaction were insertion of posterior chamber intraocular lens, absence of complications, and absence of ocular comorbidities. We found a significant strong positive correlation between subjective outcome and satisfaction (r = 0.538, P ≤ 0.0001).

Conclusion:

The majority of the clients were satisfied with the outcome of their surgeries which meets the high expected outcomes from the clients pre-operative. Adequate counselling, training, and retraining of surgeons are key to improving and maintaining satisfaction with the outcome of cataract surgery.
Effect of green spaces and floral composition on the community of flower visitors in a piedmont city in Argentina
Authors: Andrada Franco D. , Chacoff Natacha P. , Lomáscolo Silvia B.
Published: November 2024

In cities, human activities transform the native composition of plant communities into a mixture of native and exotic species. This new plant community shapes the composition of floral visitor communities persisting in urban environments. Recognizing the value of the diversity of urban pollinator communities can help quantify the conservation significance of cities. The aims of this work are: 1) to understand the effect of urbanization on flower visitors by comparing pollinator communities in natural and urban landscapes; 2) to quantify the influence of floral resources on floral visitors, and 3) to assess the impact of green spaces in urban environments on the composition of the flower-visitor community. We explored plant communities and floral visitors in five urban green spaces in a low urbanized city in Tucumán, Argentina, and in five natural protected areas located adjacent to the city. We found a greater diversity of flowering plants in the urban environment; mainly represented by exotic plant species and a lower diversity of the pollinator community than in the natural landscape. Pollinator diversity also showed a positive association with plant richness, while it was negatively affected by the proportion of exotic plants and the increase in flower density. Within city, distance to green spaces negatively affects the diversity of pollinators. Our results show that floral visitor communities in urban environments are less diverse than those in natural sites. Therefore, the composition of the plant community in the city, mainly exotic seems to affect communities of urban floral visitors. Our findings suggest that cities without intensive urbanization, and that still share many species with the closest natural space, may focus on urban planning that considers development alternatives that contribute to the conservation of pollinators.
The gendered crisis of care in the UK through the lens of immigration policy impacts on migrant workers
Authors: Fortune Jessica
Published: November 2024

The social care sector in the United Kingdom is grappling with a severe crisis due to successive governments’ failure to adequately fund and plan for rising care needs. This crisis has profound and wide-ranging implications, disproportionately affecting women, who constitute the majority of both the care workforce and the population in need of care services. Immigration policies play a pivotal role in shaping the dynamics of the social care sector, with migrants comprising a significant 16% of the workforce. These policies are inextricably intertwined with the broader global care crisis, exacerbating existing challenges and inequalities that disproportionately impact women across borders. Moreover, the UK’s “hostile environment” measures aimed at irregular migrants have created additional vulnerabilities and barriers for migrant women, including those with legal status working in the care sector.
Notaries’activities during the war: Ukrainian experience
Authors: Medynska Anzhela
Published: November 2024

During wartime, notaries face a number of complex legal and organisational challenges that require the adaptation of traditional procedures and approaches to the changed conditions of wartime. This study focuses on ensuring the availability of notarial protection during wartime and the need to develop a legal framework for a regulatory response to challenges that require new approaches and solutions.This article examines the issues of access to notarial services and preservation of confidentiality of documents during war and armed conflicts. In particular, the author examines the difficulties faced by notaries in preserving documents, as well as the security issues of the notary and his/her clients. The author analyses the practice of law enforcement and changes in the regulatory framework in the field of notary during the military operations in Ukraine. The author analyses the right of military personnel, rank-and-file and senior civil defence officers, employees of critical infrastructure facilities, civil servants, local self-government officials and police officers to a personal order under current Ukrainian legislation, which is an important tool for their social protection and support. This article focuses on the Ukrainian experience, but the knowledge gained in the course of the analysis may be useful for other countries facing similar problems. The study reflects the relevance and importance of the problem of ensuring the functioning of the notary during wartime and suggests ways to address these complex challenges.
СПОСОБ АДАПТИВНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬЮ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ЭНЕРГОБЛОКОМ ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭЛЕКТРОСТАНЦИИ
Authors: П. ШЕВЧУК В , С. ГАЙДЕРЖИЙ Д
Published: November 2024

Предложен безмодельный способ адаптивного управления эффективностью функционирования энергоблоком тепловой электростанции по критерию минимума себестоимости производимой электроэнергии. При этом, минимальная себестоимость функционирования энергоблока достигается только тогда, когда текущее значение эффективности работы котлоагрегата находится в области положительной частной производной, а текущее значение эффективности работы турбины, находится в области отрицательной частной производной, то есть в условиях, когда минимальная себестоимость функционирования энергоблока совпадает с максимальной эффективностью функционирования энергоблока. Алгоритмы, для реализации способа адаптивного управления, основаны на определении положения рабочей точки объекта управления путём косвенного измерения частных производных критерия управления. Проверка работоспособности и эффективности способов адаптивного управления энергоблоком, котлоагрегатом и турбоагрегатом проводилась методом имитационного моделирования на стенде для диагностики программного обеспечения процессорных приборов и систем. Анализ результатов моделирования показал, что предложенные алгоритмы достоверно отражают процессы измерения и управления котлоагрегатом, турбоагрегатом и энергоблоком. При этом, доминирующей составляющей погрешности идентификации частных производных является ошибка динамической линеаризации взаимокорреляционной функции и критерия управления.

A model-free method of adaptive control of the efficiency of the functioning of thermal power plant power units according to the criterion of the minimum cost of electricity produced is proposed. At the same time, the minimum cost of operation of the power unit is achieved only when the current value of the efficiency of the boiler unit is in the region of the positive partial derivative, and the current value of the efficiency of the turbine is in the region of the negative partial derivative, that is, in conditions when the minimum cost of operation of the power unit coincides with the maximum efficiency of the power unit. The algorithms for implementing the adaptive control method are based on determining the position of the operating point of the control object by indirectly measuring partial derivatives of the control criterion. Verification of the operability and effectiveness of adaptive control methods for the power unit, boiler unit and turbine unit was carried out by simulation modeling on a stand for software diagnostics of processor devices and systems. Analysis of the simulation results showed that the proposed algorithms reliably reflect the measurement and control processes of the boiler, turbine and power unit. At the same time, the dominant component of the error in identifying partial derivatives is the error of dynamic linearization of the intercorrelation function and the control criterion.
МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ НЕПРОТОЧНОГО ПРИЕМНИКА СТАТИЧЕСКОГО ДАВЛЕНИЯ С КОНТУРОМ КОМПЕНСАЦИИ АЭРОДИНАМИЧЕСКОЙ ПОГРЕШНОСТИ
Authors: Д. МАЙ С , П. ЗЮКИН М , П. ЕФИМОВ И , К. ЛЫУ К
Published: November 2024

В статье приводится математическая модель непроточного приемника статического давления с контуром компенсации аэродинамической погрешности, полученная в результате моделирования в программе ANSYS вариационного ряда приемников и обработки результатов моделирования в соответствии с математической теорией планирования полного факторного эксперимента. Дано сравнение результатов расчетов значений коэффициента давления приемников с их значенями, полученными экспериментальным путем.

The article presents a mathematical model of non-flow static pressure receiver with aerodynamic error compensation circuit, obtained as a result of modeling in ANSYS program of variation series of receivers and processing of modeling results in accordance with the mathematical theory ofplanning a complete factor experiment. Comparison of the results of calculations of values of pressure coefficient of receivers with their values obtained experimentally is given.
Slow dynamical modes from static averages
Authors: Devergne Timothée , Kostic Vladimir , Pontil Massimiliano , Parrinello Michele
Published: November 2024

In recent times, efforts are being made at describing the evolution of a complex system not through long trajectories, but via the study of probability distribution evolution. This more collective approach can be made practical using the transfer operator formalism and its associated dynamics generator. Here, we reformulate in more transparent way the result of [Devergne et al. arXiv:2406.09028] and show that the lowest eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the dynamics generator can be efficiently computed using data easily obtainable from biased simulations. We also show explicitly that the long time dynamics can be reconstructed by using the spectral decomposition of the dynamics operator
Investigating the Mechanism of Kainate Receptor and Identifying its Inhibitors Using In-Silico Techniques
Authors: Kara Amrutha , Sharma Gaurav
Published: November 2024

The GluK1 receptor, an ionotropic glutamate receptor, operates as a ligand-gated ion channel. Opioids stand as the most potent pain-relieving medications currently prescribed in the medical field. Inhibiting this receptor is anticipated to result in a reduction of dopamine release in the Nucleus Accumbens, effectively preventing the primary factor contributing to addiction. In addition, in the absence of the glutamate, the GluK1 receptor cavity should shrink and expand in the presence of it. We hypothesized that the glutamate binding and unbinding in the receptor cavity should result in major conformational changes (cavity opening and closing activity) in the glutamate binding site. In the current research, we utilized computational techniques, specifically molecular dynamics simulations, to initiate an examination of the GluK1 receptor and its mechanism for binding with glutamate. Additionally, we employed molecular docking methods to predict compounds capable of binding to the glutamate binding site, potentially inhibiting this receptor. Our simulations have highlighted that the primary fluctuations within the receptor predominantly occur during glutamate binding. Lastly, we have also proposed a mechanism for how glutamate binds to the receptor.
Chalcogen Vacancies as Key Drivers of Distinct Physicochemistry in MoS2, MoSe2, and MoTe2 Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers
Authors: Piosik Emilia , Szary Maciej J.
Published: November 2024

The physicochemical properties of Mo-bearing transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers are critical to their catalytic potential. However, these properties are generally viewed as similar across monolayers, which limits their versatility and potential for synergy in processes such as the reduction reactions of carbon dioxide (CRR), nitrogen (NRR), and oxygen (ORR). This work investigates the role of chalcogen vacancies in modulating the physicochemistry of MoS2, MoSe2, and MoTe2 through density-functional-theory (DFT) computations, focusing on the adsorption of CO, NO, and NO2. Our findings reveal that chalcogen vacancies not only enhance surface reactivity but also impart unique physicochemical characteristics to each material. These effects stem from intrinsic bonding differences within each TMD, resulting in distinct charge availability around exposed Mo atoms and variations in vacancy size, which shape specific surface interactions. Chalcogen vacancies play a more significant role in defining the unique properties of MoS2, MoSe2, and MoTe2 than the chalcogen atoms themselves. While interaction energy differences between pristine monolayers are minimal (under 0.1 eV), vacancies amplify them to over 1 eV, representing an order-of-magnitude increase. Additionally, varying vacancy sizes among the monolayers influence how species incorporate into vacancies and interact with Mo atoms, further enhancing the differences. This variability unlocks substantial potential of TMD sheets for distinct surface chemistries, transforming them from relatively similar to markedly different as defect density rises. Consequently, our findings underscore the potential of Mo-bearing TMDs to achieve unique catalytic performance through defect engineering, providing valuable insights for tailoring these materials toward specialized applications in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis.
development and evaluation of an oral quinine sulphate sustained release formulation for the management of visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Allotey-Babington Grace Lovia , Nettey Henry , Erskine Isaac Joe , Mensah Afia Antwi , Gyamera Nana Kwame Ofori , Goode Nana Aboadwe , Kumadoh Doris , Asiedu-Gyekye Isaac Julius
Published: November 2024

Background: Visceral Leishmaniasis is a systemic disease caused by the invasion of reticuloendothelial cells in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow by Leishmania spp. parasites. Current medications have numerous adverse effects and some resistance has been reported. Most treatments are administered parenterally, leading to non-compliance and treatment failure. This study aimed to develop an oral formulation of quinine sulfate to address these challenges.Methods: Quinine sulfate was encapsulated in hydroxypropylmethylcellulose using the spray-drying method and evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, drug content, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro release properties. In the in vivo study, laboratory mice infected with L. donovani promastigotes were treated for two weeks.Results: The average size of the quinine sulfate microparticles ranged from 2.6 to 14.2 µm, with an entrapment efficiency of 93%. Oral formulations effectively cleared parasites from the organs.Conclusion: Orally administered quinine sulfate efficiently cleared parasites from the blood of infected mice and resolved infections in their organs.
New distributional record of Oxyopes fabae Dhali, Saha and Raychaudhuri, 2015 (Araneae: Oxyopidae) from Western Ghats, Kerala
Authors: Sen Souvik , Sureshan Pavittu M.
Published: November 2024

Oxyopes fabae Dhali, Saha and Raychaudhuri, 2015, previously known from West Bengal, India, is recorded for the first time from Western Ghats, Kerala. The present record of this species extends its distributional range up to the southwest part of India. In the present paper, detailed diagnostic illustrations and a distributional map of the species is presented.
On a collection of aquatic beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) from Southern Eastern Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Dash Swetapadma , Kumar Ghosh Sujit
Published: November 2024

The present study deals with a small collection of aquatic beetles under the families Gyrinidae, Dytiscidae and Hydrophilidae from different water bodies from the Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu collected during January 2019. A total of 29 examples were studied which resulted in the identification of nine species under seven genera belonging to five subfamilies of aquatic Coleoptera.
Exploring Drone Classifications and Applications: A Review
Authors: Gholami Alireza
Published: November 2024

This review comprehensively investigates the development and diverse application of drone technologies across various industries through a systematic literature review. The study employs a rigorous methodology, beginning with a detailed literature search across major scientific databases to capture the most recent and relevant studies concerning drone technology. The findings synthesize critical insights into the evolving drone technologies, from compact models designed for tight spaces to advanced systems capable of high-altitude, long-duration missions. Emphasizing their operational versatility, the review highlights the adaptation of drones for a multitude of tasks, such as environmental monitoring, disaster management, agricultural optimization, infrastructure analysis, and military operations. Future studies are encouraged to explore the potential for autonomous drone operation through the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning, aiming to enhance efficiency and adaptability across various sectors