bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Political Connection and Real Earnings Management in Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Ahmad Haruna , Anuforo Peter U , Hussaini Dahiru , Isa Musa
Published: May 2021

There is currently exists an important question on whether firm’s political network affect the level of their earning information. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of political connection on real earnings management. The analyses involve a sample of 72 non-financial firms with 360 firm-year observations for a five-year period (2014-2019). Data was obtained from the annual reports of these companies as well as from Thompson Reuters and Bloomberg databases. The Panel Corrected Standard Error was used to test the model studied. The finding shows that firms board with political connection are possible to have earnings manipulation which deteriorate the earnings quality. Thus, this study recommends that increased attention should be given to internal control mechanisms to help curtail corporate earnings manipulations, reduce the effect of political connection, and enhance the financial reporting quality.
Advertising Strategies as a Determinant for Consumer Brand Preference in Osun State, Nigeria (an INSIGHT of U.A.C FOODS PLC)
Authors: Babalola Haorayau Bolaji Babalola , Lateef Saheed Ademola Lateef , Morakinyo Dauda Ayodele
Published: May 2021

Several companies spend enormous amounts on advertising and still claim indifference in sales volume. This seems to be based on a completely understandable reaction to the initiative. The problem might emanate from media channel or advertising strategy itself. The study therefore, investigated effect of advertising strategies on consumer brand preference with particular reference to UAC food plc Osogbo, Osun state. It examined the choice of advertising media on consumers’ brand preference and also determined the relationship between publicity through celebrity endorsement and consumer brand preference of UAC foods plc. 140 questionnaires were administered to the target respondents using simple random sampling and correlation and multiple regression techniques were used to analyse the collected data via SPSS version 25. Result from the study shows that advertising has a significant effect on consumers’ brand preference. Publicity through celebrity endorsement also has strong relationship with consumers’ brand preference. The choice of advertising media has a significant influence on consumers’ brand preference. The study therefore recommended that advertising should be seen as an investment in the future of products and not to be evaluated by its immediate returns.
Graduate's perception towards entrepreneurial career choice: Role of University and Family
Authors: Ahmed Umar Abdullahi , Aktar Most  Asikha , Abu Bakar Abu Sufian
Published: May 2021

In today's dynamic world, entrepreneurship is gaining greater attention both by the policymakers and scholars because of growing unemployment problems across the globe. Entrepreneurs remain vital as they contribute to crack-down on the rising societal challenges through the generation of new employment opportunities. Despite the growing acceptance of entrepreneurship in today's dynamic & competitive environment, some graduates are not comfortable pursuing their career as entrepreneurs. What perceptions they carry regarding entrepreneurship as their career choice and who can nurture their positive entrepreneurial perceptions are crucial matters, thus encouraging researchers to conduct in-depth study along this line. By considering this issue, the present study sought to know the perceptions of university graduates regarding entrepreneurship career and who influences their perceptions. Based on the above reasons, this study was conducted in two universities in Malaysia: Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) and Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) and taken entrepreneurial perceptions as a function of the role of university and family. The study results reveal that 57 percent of the students want to start their career as entrepreneurs after graduation. Still, several factors can make barriers for them to enter into the business environment. In this context, the majority of students mentioned insufficiency of funds as the most significant obstacle, while the desire to get rich forces them to take such a hindrance as a challenge and the key to success in an entrepreneurial career. Though the study also identifies that both university and the family play positive roles in influencing student's entrepreneurial perceptions, the family contributes more than the university. Hence, this study hopes to contribute to the entrepreneurship literature by enhancing the understanding of the entrepreneurial perception of university graduates and also provides some basis for future research in this area. As the majority of students' perception is directly inclined towards selecting entrepreneurship opportunities as a career, the findings from the current study would also assist governmental institutions, affected agencies, academic institutions, entrepreneurial mentors, dedicated consultants, as well as counselors to enhance students' perceived feasibility of self-employment by providing them relevant start-up opportunities.
Optimization using Adjusted Program Budget Marginal-Analysis (PBMA) for Decision Making Process and Budget Planning Purposes
Authors: Maijamaa Bilkisu
Published: May 2021

Program budget marginal-analysis is a framework used by decision makers to allocate and reallocate resources with maximized benefit or specified goals. Evidently most application of PBMA as employed in most studies have focused mainly within the health organization. To implement the PBMA for optimizing budget allocation problems it involves seven stages. This research will look at applying the PBMA in other organizations that are strategically based for budget allocations. To implement on other organizations, some adjustment on the existing PBMA need to be made. This was achieved through introduction of suitable quantitative approach instead of using the traditional qualitative approach to calculate the marginal cost for the activities/strategies. By introducing and implementation of a suitable mathematical programming model for the final budget allocation process. The adjusted PBMA has proven to be a flexible and workable framework that can be used in other organization not just the health sector where it originated. Hence it is recommended to be used by other organizations for optimal budget allocations
Diseño de investigación cualitativa: análisis de los factores más relevantes para implementar la enseñanza virtual en educación secundaria
Authors: Britton Jiménez Dolly , Casal Funcasta Carolina , Urraco Solanilla Mariano
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo constituye un diseño de investigación orientado a analizar los problemas surgidos en un instituto de educación secundaria durante el tercer trimestre del curso 2019- 2020, momento en que la pandemia provocada por la COVID-19 hizo necesario que los centros educativos continuaran su actividad de manera virtual. La propuesta de investigación planteada posibilitaría la obtención de datos sobre el grado de preparación para la enseñanza a distancia de la comunidad educativa del instituto tomado como caso de estudio. Así pues, este trabajo etnográfico permitiría, una vez desarrollado, conocer en detalle la situación vivida en el instituto y ayudaría al diseño de propuestas educativas generalizables para cualquier centro educativo de rasgos similares al analizado en este caso de estudio. Los resultados de la investigación propuesta en este artículo vendrían a aportar información sobre los factores que hay que tener en cuenta para poder diseñar propuestas metodológicas de enseñanza secundaria virtual.
The Plague in Islamic and Abbasid Poetry
Authors: Al-Bayaati Ahmad Mahmood Abdulhameed
Published: May 2021

The great spread of the plague in the Arab countries and the severity of their fear of it and their feeling of helplessness in the face of its oppression made them attribute it to the jinn, and they preferred to live in the arid desert over the countries that they saw as humid as the Levant, fleeing from it because they believed that it was abundant in them, so the abundance of his names to them, perhaps the most prominent thing that appeared in the poetry of the plague is an emotion Sadness and pain for loved ones and relatives, and lamentations abounded in it, and a number of the most famous Arab lamentations were said because of it, and the lament included people and cities because of the devastation that befell them by plagues, almost all of the poetry dealt with the subject of the plague said after the emergence of Islam. Therefore, its impact was evident in it, such as the joy of dying from the plague because it is a testimony, and God collected the stabbing and plague on the nation influenced by the Prophet’s hadith, and others. Most of his poetic texts describe the state of loss and grief, in the face of the devastation and killing that the plague does, and it is rare to find a description of it, so the poet focused on the emotional side of this tragedy, were it not for the elegy poems we received. Short texts (syllables and plucking) would have been dominant, as they are partial glimpses and images that pass in front of the poet and record them. Poets used the image of the plague to express the pain of their love and spin, and in their sarcastic and serious humorous attacks, describing their brutality and the strength and intensity of their praises.
Measuring The Sources of Inflation in The Iraqi Economy Using a Model Self-Regression of Slowed Distributed Time-Laps (ARDL) Duration (1970-2018)
Authors: Al-Subaihi Ali Naba Sayel , Al-Mihimdy Nadhem Abid , Al-Ani Ahmed Hussein Battal
Published: May 2021

Inflation posed a challenge to the Iraqi economy and its effects on economic activity and growth rates. This study investigates the sources of inflation in the Iraqi economy during the period (1970-2018) within the framework of the aggregate supply and aggregate demand model using the Self-Regression of Slow Distributed Gaps (ARDL) model. The results of the study showed that the inflation rate in Iraq is affected by the following variables: (money supply, parallel market exchange rate, consumer spending, the oil sector’s contribution to GDP and the degree of economic openness) and all are related to an inverse relationship with the rate of inflation except for money supply and consumer spending, as It has a direct relationship with it, and there is a long-term equilibrium relationship (co-integration) between the studied variables according to the Bound Test methodology. Through the value of the error correction vector coefficient (1.35%) of the short-term errors are automatically corrected during the unit time (year) to reach the equilibrium in the long term.
Determine The Factors That Influence the Company's Failure by Using Logistic Regression
Authors: Mahmood Ahmed Obaid , Alzawbaee Obaid Mahmmood
Published: May 2021

Predicting the failure of companies is one of the important and influencing matters, whether for the companies themselves, competing companies or investors. In addition, to the effect of this on the country's economies. In our research, the logistic regression technique was applied to know the most important variables that have a significant effect on the failure or success of companies. The research also includes the arrangement of these variables according to their importance in influencing the dependent variable that represents the failure or success of companies. The application was applied to a sample with size of (33) companies that included (16) successful companies and (17) failed companies. However, four quantitative variables were specified as well as the dependent variable (Y), which is a qualitative variable. And that the model which was built proved the tests significantly and its ability to classify correctly by 84.8%.
Religious Reasons and Motives for The Phenomenon of Excluding Scholars in The Arab Islamic State in The Abbasid Era
Authors: Mahmoud Hind Fadel Salih , Jassim Siham Jamil
Published: May 2021

Despite the great position that the scholars enjoyed in the Arab Islamic state, especially in the Abbasid era، where the successors of this state were interested in science and scholars, and Islamic culture reached its peak in this era, but many scholars were subjected to exclusion and persecution in the Abbasid era، and the motives that were many It led to their expulsion, and the religious motive was one of the most important motives that led to the exclusion of scholars, and the exclusion decisions varied in terms of positivity and negativity. For example, the decision to exclude scholars who were accused of heresy was one of the right decisions that brought positive results to the Arab Islamic state, so the state got rid of Heretics and destructive ideas that would destroy the Islamic community. As for the negative decisions to exclude scholars, they were excluded from the plight of creating the Qur’an that negatively affected the Islamic state. Their loss was the most important negative impact of the plight of creating the Qur’an.
The Utilization of Computer in Teaching Chemistry and Its Impact On Education Achievement for Grade 11 Students
Authors: Darwish Azhari Abdul Rahim Ahmed , Hamad Baraa Saeed
Published: May 2021

Today, the world is witnessing technological progress in various fields and has laid the foundations for a new global culture. Today, we live in a world in which Internet users have exceeded the barrier of five billion through mobile phones and social networking sites, and they all publish millions of information on various topics and are widely used as tools of knowledge. And scientific and social interaction, to complement another part of the technology systems used in teaching and learning and contribute to the delivery and employment of knowledge and work to remove the learner from the monotony and boredom imposed by traditional methods in the field of education and in the use of computers. This paper comes to investigate the impact of using computers in teaching chemistry at grade 11 students in the province of Anbar, Iraq.
Na escola, nem todos os gatos são pardos: armando uma perspectiva para ver as artes de ensinar geografias
Authors: Silva Mariana Mizael Pinheiro da , Andrade Everardo Paiva de
Published: May 2021

Como jogam os professores no terreno dos parâmetros e bases curriculares? Como lidam com a precarização do trabalho e a ausência de condições adequadas para trabalhar? Como enfrentar essas questões, porém sem romantizar as opressões? Por outro lado, como considerar a rede de vigilância que afirma o que deveria ser o bom professor e as boas qualidades da docência? Rejeitando a ideia de que os professores são aplicadores de conteúdo, instrumentos de uma educação maior, em sintonia com o projeto certeauniano de reconduzir as práticas e as línguas científicas ao seu país de origem, a everyday life, explorando combinações táticas que se infiltram nas brechas do poder, o presente texto se propõe a pensar as riquezas escorregadias do cotidiano que evidenciam a fertilidade efêmera da criatividade docente, na tentativa de entender as artes de ensinar geografias, em torno de dois eixos: os professores como praticantes ordinários e suas aulas como inventividades docentes. Na contramão da desprofissionalização implícita nos baixos salários, das condições precárias de trabalho, das lógicas de burocratização e controle e da visão técnica e prática do ofício do professor, almeja afirmar o processo profissional artesanal e astucioso que caracteriza a docência.
Interacción genotipo ambiente y potencial productivo de 25 variedades de maíz amiláceo en la provincia de Tayacaja, Perú
Authors: García-Mendoza Pedro J. , Pérez-Almeida Iris B. , Prieto-Rosales Gino P. , Medina- Castro Darío E. , Manayay Sánchez Damián , Marín-Rodríguez Carlos A. , Ricse Nestares Juan C. , Ortecho Llanos Ronald , Medina-Hoyos Alicia E.
Published: May 2021

La interacción genotipo por ambiente (IGA) representa el principal obstáculo en la selección de los genotipos promisorios para diversos ambientes. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la IGA y el potencial productivo de 25 variedades de maíz amiláceo, utilizando el modelo de efectos principales aditivos e interacción multiplicativa (AMMI). Se utilizó la información generada en cinco ensayos establecidos en diferentes localidades de la provincia de Tayacaja, Huancavelica, Perú, en el ciclo del cultivo 2018–2019, bajo un diseño alfa látice 5x5, con tres repeticiones y unidades experimentales de dos hileras de 4 m de longitud, con arreglos espaciales de 0,80 m entre hileras y 0,20 m entre puntos de siembra. El potencial productivo de los cultivares se midió a través del rendimiento de grano, ajustado a 15 % de humedad. Definida la IGA, se realizó el análisis multivariado, para obtener los valores singulares de los primeros términos significativos del modelo para genotipos y ambientes. La IGA resultó altamente significativa y explicó alrededor del 14 % de la variación fenotípica del rendimiento, mostrando algunas variedades con adaptación específica y otras con amplia adaptación a los ambientes de prueba. El modelo AMMI explicó alrededor del 96 % de la variación debida a la IGA, observándose que sólo los dos primeros ejes concentraron cerca del 85 % de dicha variación. Las variedades locales Chullpi-Q, Carhuay-P, Astilla Blanca-Cusqueado, Astilla Blanca-DH, Cusqueado-P y Astilla Blanca-Astilla Amarilla mostraron el mejor potencial productivo, pero sólo las tres primeras fueron estables a través de los ambientes de evaluación.
Análisis nutricional y niveles de extracción del mango ‘Azúcar’ en el Departamento del Magdalena, Colombia
Authors: Yacomelo-Hernández Marlon J. , Ramírez-Gómez María M. , Pérez-Moncada Urley A. , Arcila Cardona Angela , Carrascal Pérez Francisco F. , Florez Cordero Elías
Published: May 2021

El mango cv. Azúcar es cultivado en el departamento del Magdalena, municipios de Santa Marta y Ciénaga principalmente, lugar donde expresa su mejor comportamiento agronómico y calidad de la fruta. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar estándares generales de nutrientes a nivel foliar y cuantificar la extracción de nutrientes por la fruta durante el ciclo de desarrollo de la planta, además de realizar un diagnóstico nutricional mediante la implementación de dos métodos de diagnóstico, el sistema integrado de diagnóstico y recomendación (DRIS) y la desviación del óptimo porcentual (DOP). Se identificaron correlaciones significativas entre la productividad y las concentraciones de P, K y Mg en tejido foliar, y se definieron las concentraciones para los árboles de mayor productividad. La mayor extracción por tonelada de fruta fue de potasio en las tres etapas evaluadas con 2,43, 2,24 y 1,67 kg del nutriente, seguido de nitrógeno con 1,87, 1,27 y 1,29 kg·t-1. De los microelementos la mayor extracción fue de hierro, seguido de boro, con 3,88 y 1,37 g·t-1, respectivamente. La extracción total de nutrientes por el mango cv. Azúcar, por tonelada cosechada fue cercana a 4 kg de nutrientes distribuidos en la siguiente manera: 43 % K, 33,72 % N, 8,38 % Ca, 6,56 % P, 4,69 % Mg y 2,61 % S, con 1,04 % para el resto de los nutrientes. El orden de requerimiento nutricional a partir de la mayor deficiencia determinado por el método DRIS fue de Mn>Cu>Fe>N>P>S y por el método DOP Cu>N>S>Mg>Fe>P.
Evaluación del nivel de degradación del suelo en dos sistemas productivos en la depresión de Quíbor. II. calidad del suelo
Authors: Acevedo Ingrid , Sánchez Aymara , Sánchez Aymara
Published: May 2021

En la zona hortícola de Quíbor, estado Lara, Venezuela, se ha aplicado como sistema de manejo convencional el cultivo de cebolla con riego por surcos, aunque actualmente se están implementando cambios en la producción agrícola que repercuten en el suelo, como es el cultivo de maíz super dulce regado por goteo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar la calidad del suelo bajo el sistema convencional de ambos cultivos. La investigación fue de carácter cuasi-experimental, en la cual se tomaron muestras de suelo a tres profundidades en ambos sistemas de cultivo y se determinó la calidad en función del nivel de degradación de 13 atributos químicos, físicos y biológicos que habían sido seleccionados como indicadores en un trabajo previo. Tanto el suelo bajo el sistema convencional-maíz súper dulce como el convencional-cebolla presentaron baja calidad en los estratos estudiados particularmente porque compartieron alta degradación en la relación Ca/materia orgánica, macro/microporosidad y biomasa microbiana, aunque se diferenciaron en indicadores como el contenido de P, la relación C/N y Ca/Mg, la porosidad total y el cociente metabólico.
Razones para un pesimismo crítico
Authors: González Luis Armando
Published: May 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 62, No. 707, 2007: 860-866.
Discurso durante la entrega de la acreditación a la UCA 14 de diciembre de 2007
Authors: Tojeira José María
Published: May 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 62, No. 709-710, 2007: 1003-1007.
Amnistía y consolidación de la paz
Authors: Editor El
Published: May 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 62, No. 709-710, 2007: 1009-1014.
Los intelectuales salvadoreños y las actividades científicas y culturales en la Guatemala liberal (1878-1893)
Authors: Cal Montoya José Edgardo
Published: May 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 62, No. 709-710, 2007: 1031-1039.
Fútbol e identidades nacionales en Centroamérica
Authors: Urbina Gaitán Chester
Published: May 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 62, No. 709-710, 2007: 1071-1080.
Asociaciones de origen
Authors: Carranza Douglas
Published: May 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 62, No. 709-710, 2007: 1081-1085.
Rasgos de la feminidad poscolonial dictados por el patriarcado y planteados por el cine mexicano de la época de oro
Authors: Guzmán Velasco Nataly
Published: May 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 62, No. 709-710, 2007: 1086-1105.
Vắc xin MVVAC từ chủng vi rút sởi AIK-C: Tính an toàn và khả năng sinh miễn dịch ở trẻ em từ 6 tháng tuổi
Authors: Kiều Nguyễn Thị
Published: May 2021

Những năm gần đây dịch bệnh sởi bùng phát ở nhiều nước, gia tăng tỷ lệ mắc sởi ở trẻ em. Tại Việt Nam, nhóm trẻ chưa đến tuổi tiêm phòng theo quy định của Chương trình Tiêm chủng mở rộng Quốc gia (9 tháng tuổi) có tỷ lệ mắc cao; thậm chí, có nhiều ca tử vong. Điều đó đặt ra nhu cầu hạ thấp tuổi tiêm phòng cho những đối tượng ở vùng nguy cơ lây truyền sởi cao. Việt Nam đã sản xuất thành công vắc xin sởi MVVAC từ chủng vi rút AIK-C, chủng được nhiều nghiên cứu đánh giá an toàn cao trong số các chủng sản xuất vắc xin sởi trên thế giới, thích hợp để tiêm chủng cho trẻ đẻ non và trẻ từ 6 tháng tuổi. Bài tổng quan này nhằm cung cấp một cách hệ thống các thông tin liên quan đến tính an toàn và hiệu quả khi dùng vắc xin sởi sản xuất từ chủng vi rút AIK-C, góp phần củng cố thêm cơ sở khoa học của việc sử dụng vắc xin sởi do Việt Nam sản xuất cho trẻ từ 6 tháng tuổi.
Hội chứng chuyển hóa và các yếu tố liên quan ở phụ nữ tuổi trung niên thừa cân vùng nông thôn, năm 2011
Authors: Thuyên Trần Quang , Dương Đinh Hồng , Bình Trần Quang
Published: May 2021

Nghiên cứu cắt ngang nhằm xác định tỷ lệ hội chứng chuyển hóa và các yếu tố liên quan ở phụ nữ thừa cân sống tại vùng nông thôn của tỉnh Hà Nam. Kết quả cho thấy tỷ lệ mắc hội chứng chuyển hóa ở phụ nữ thừa cân là 36,7%. Tỷ lệ hội chứng chuyển hóa cao nhất ở nhóm người có tăng vòng eo (32,8%), tiếp theo là nhóm có giảm HDL-cholesterol (27,8%), tăng triglyceride (26%), tăng huyết áp (23,9%) và tăng glucose máu (10,8%). Phân tích hồi qui logictic đa biến có tính đến ảnh hưởng của các yếu tố kinh tế-xã hội, lối sống, và đặc điểm sinh sản cho thấy các yếu tố liên quan độc lập với hội chứng chuyển hóa là tăng tỷ số eo-hông (OR=2,57 với tăng mỗi 0,07, p<0,0001) và tăng huyết áp tối đa (OR=1,57 với mỗi 10mmHg, p<0,0001). Trình độ học vấn cao là yếu tố làm giảm nguy cơ mắc hội chứng chuyển hóa: Trung học cơ cở (OR=0,37, p=0,013); Phổ thông trung học (OR= 0,12, p=0,001), Sau phổ thông trung học (OR=0,26, p=0,011).
Thực trạng chất lượng cuộc sống liên quan tới sức khỏe ở người cao tuổi tại 3 huyện thuộc tỉnh Hưng Yên năm 2019
Authors: Châu Lưu Minh , Tài Đinh Văn
Published: May 2021

Nghiên cứu nhằm mô tả thực trạng chất lượng cuộc sống liên quan tới sức khỏe ở người cao tuổi tại 3 huyện thuộc tỉnh Hưng Yên năm 2019. Chúng tôi tiến hành điều tra cắt ngang mô tả chất lượng cuộc sống liên quan sức khỏe ở 1515 người ≥60 tuổi bằng bộ công cụ EQ-5D-5L. Với thang điểm đánh giá chất lượng cuộc sống từ 0 đến đến hoàn toàn khỏe mạnh là 1 điểm. Thời gian tiến hành nghiên cứu từ tháng 3/2019 đến 12/2019. Kết quả cho thấy: Điều tra 1515 người cao tuổi tại 3 huyện: 58,2% số người phỏng vấn gặp từ một vấn đề liên quan sức khỏe trở lên; 8,8% số người gặp khó khăn cả năm vấn đề liên quan sức khỏe theo các mức độ. Điểm trung bình chất lượng cuộc sống liên quan sức khỏe của người cao tuổi nói chung là 0,873 (SD=0,162), nhóm 70-79 tuổi là 0,854 (SD= 0,17). Kết luận: Chất lượng cuộc sống liên quan sức khỏe của người cao tuổi ở 3 huyện ở mức trung bình, giảm theo tuổi.
Hành vi tìm kiếm thông tin sức khỏe của người cao tuổi thành phố Hà Nội năm 2019
Authors: Đình Trần Văn , Anh Nguyễn Thị Châu , Hải Hoàng , Thu Nguyễn Thị , Huy Tạ Quang , Mai Lê Thị Phương
Published: May 2021

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu cắt ngang này nhằm mô tả thực trạng hành vi tìm kiếm thông tin sức khỏe của người cao tuổi thành phố Hà Nội. Thông tin được thu thập bằng phương pháp phỏng vấn bằng bộ câu hỏi được thiết kế sẵn với 480 người cao tuổi tại 6 quận/huyện của thành phố Hà Nội năm 2019. Kết quả cho thấy đa số người cao tuổi có được các thông tin về sức khỏe qua xem tivi với (84,2%); nghe qua đài (59,7%) và qua các CBYT xã (55,4%). Các nội dung mà người cao tuổi nghe được từ các nguồn trên chủ yếu là dự phòng bệnh mạn tính (61,0%), cách ăn uống hợp lý (60,0%) và các bệnh cơ, xương, khớp (58,1%). Nghiên cứu cho thấy các đối tượng mong muốn được nghe các thông tin về các bệnh cơ, xương, khớp (56,9%); ăn uống hợp lí (55,0%) và dự phòng bệnh mạn tính (53,1%) và rối loạn giấc ngủ (34,0%). Trong thời gian tới, cần lồng ghép, đưa những nội dung này trong các hoạt động truyền thông, giáo dục sức khoẻ cho người cao tuổi của thành phố Hà Nội.
Tảo hôn và một số yếu tố liên quan ở đồng bào dân tộc thiểu số huyện Phong Thổ, tỉnh Lai Châu, 2014 -2018
Authors: Hoàng Giàng Thanh , Tuấn Dương Kim , Chung Nguyễn Thành , Quang Lã Ngọc
Published: May 2021

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện trên 308 phụ nữ người dân tộc thiểu số (Thái, Mông, Dao) đã kết hôn tại 3 xã Dào San, Lản Nhì Thàng, Hoang Thèn của huyện Phong Thổ tỉnh Lai Châu nhằm mô tả thực trạng tảo hôn và phân tích một số yếu tố liên quan. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy trong giai đoạn từ 1/2014 đến tháng 12/2018 có tới 25% cuộc hôn nhân là tảo hôn. Tỷ lệ tảo hôn ở phụ nữ là 23,7%, trong đó 22,1% phụ nữ xác nhận kết hôn trong giai đoạn 15 – 17 tuổi và 1,6% phụ nữ xác nhận kết hôn khi chưa đủ 15 tuổi. Một số yếu tố liên quan đến tình trạng có tảo hôn trong hôn nhân bao gồm thiếu hiểu biết về luật hôn nhân và gia đình làm tăng tảo hôn 18 lần, có họ hàng tảo hôn làm tăng tảo hôn 6,1 lần và phong tục thách cưới làm tăng tảo hôn 14,4 lần.
Neurohumoral and biochemical markers of prolonged second stage of labor
Authors: Kalachev V. N. , Zakharenkova T. N. , Kozlov A. E. , Osipkina O. V.
Published: May 2021

Objective:to study the role of neurohumoral and biochemical changes in the pathogenesis of prolonged second stage of labor.

Material and methods.To achieve the above objective, we examined 35 parturient women with prolonged second stage of labor and 45 parturient women with physiological labor. We studied the levels of progesterone, estradiol, relaxin, serotonin, cholesterol, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant capacity of plasma, products of final protein oxidation, as well as the total concentrations of nitrite and nitrate ions (NOx) in blood plasma.

Results.In the women with prolonged second stage of labor, the levels of estradiol and progesterone were significantly higher than in those with physiological childbirth (p1 = 0.037, p2 = 0.029). The women giving birth by operation had higher estradiol (p = 0.017) and progesterone (p = 0.07) levels than those giving birth physiologically. The level of relaxin was lower in the women with prolonged second period of labor than in those with physiological labor (p = 0.084), especially in the case of operative delivery (p = 0.041), the risk of which increases 4.1 times when the relaxin concentration is less than 36.4 ng/l. Compared to the patients giving physiological childbirth, the patients with prolonged second stage of labor who delivered by cesarean section had significantly higher TBARS levels (p = 0.043). Its concentration > 180.3 μmol/l increases the risk of cesarean section almost by 12 times (p = 0.003).

Conclusion.The hormonal aspect of the pathogenesis of prolonged second stage of labor is characterized by higher concentrations of steroid hormones — estradiol and progesterone, as well as by a lower level of relaxin in plasma. The biochemical aspect of the pathogenesis is represented by an increased concentration of lipid peroxidation products, which can be identified with severe physical fatigue in childbirth. The detected changes can be applied in the complex diagnostics of prolonged second stage of labor.
Integral assessment of the health status of conscripts
Authors: Chernov D. A.
Published: May 2021

Objective:to develop an integral assessment framework of the health status of conscripts.

Material and methods.The study included the morbidity parameters among servicemen: general and primary morbidity, necessity in dispensary observation, hospitalization, period of being disabled, dismission for health reasons and mortality. To determine the priority coefficients for the morbidity parameters, we performed an expert survey.

Results.Within the structure of the integral assessment of the health status among conscripts, the priority ranking was as follows: 1st — respiratory diseases (chapter X), 2nd — traumas, poisoning and some other consequences of external causes (chapter XIX), 3rd — diseases of the gastro-intestinal system (chapter XI), 4th — diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (chapter XIII), 5th — diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (chapter XII). Within the structure of the integral assessment, the priority nosology ranking was as follows: 1st — acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract (J00–J06), 2nd — diseases of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum (K20 – K31), 3rd — multitraumas affecting several body areas (T00–T07), 4th — effects of traumas, poisoning and other consequences of external causes (T90–T98), 5th — diseases of the oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (K00–K14).

Conclusion.The developed integral assessment framework of the health status optimizes the effect of some morbidity parameters and reliably correlates the contribution of the chapters and nosologies with the final assessment result, which makes it possible to timely, completely and promptly assess the quality of medical care to conscripts.
Influence of the combined use of septomyrin and chlorhexidineon bacterial load of purulent wounds
Authors: Fedzianin S. D.
Published: May 2021

Objective: to study the MIC90 of the most commonly used antiseptics for the main representatives of the microflora of purulent wounds and to study the influence of the most effective in vitro antiseptics on the bacterialload of the wound surface in patients with purulent wounds.

Material and methods. Bacteriological studies determining the MIC90values of antiseptic drugs were performed on 70 clinical isolates. Clinical studies determining the level of the bacterial load of the wound surface were performed in 30 patients with purulent wounds.

Results. Septomyrin and 0.02 % chlorhexidine bigluconate have been found to be the most active drugs against the main representatives of the microflora of purulent wounds in our region. In the combined use of septomyrin and chlorhexidine, the bacterial load of the wounds decreased below the critical level already 2 days after surgical debridement (p < 0.01), while in the single application of septomyrin, this had occurred only by the fifth day (p < 0.01), and chlorhexidine — by the sixth day (p<0.01).

Conclusion. The combined use of septomyrin and 0.02 % chlorhexidine bigluconate is characterized by high clinical effectiveness in the local treatment of purulent wounds during the first phase of the wound healing process.
Biopsy of pancreatic tumors prior to resection: for and against
Authors: Mikhailov I. V. , Beliakouski V. N. , Kudrashou V. A. , Dyatlov A. P. , Weerakoon Ch. A.A.D.
Published: May 2021

The article presents modern approaches to the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, discusses the feasibility of resectable tumor biopsy, and provides clinical cases illustrating the negative aspects associated with biopsy.
An Investigation into the Importance of Research and Development Activity in Health Sector Small and Medium-sized Companies in Wales
Authors: Thomas Brychan , Murphy Lyndon , Miller Christopher
Published: May 2021

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to investigate the importance of research and development activity in Health sector small and medium-sized companies in Wales.

Design/methodology/approach – The case study approach involved extensive examination of the phenomenon of research and development in the organisations researched. Data for the case studies has been obtained from information relating to the organisations investigated. These have been combined with secondary and internal data sources from the organisations for completeness. Three case studies have been undertaken in the health sector in Wales and these are reported according to the company background, research and development (R&D) activity and the importance of R&D.

Findings – The health companies studied reported that they undertook R&D in partnership with other companies, universities and the NHS. In particular universities were considered to be important sources of knowledge and technological expertise. In fact, R&D in universities has the important aim of providing postgraduate students with research skills, and related to this, public R&D creates considerable knowledge spillovers to small health businesses through “tacit” knowledge, training of researchers and collaborative ventures.

Originality/value – A significant policy research question regarding the importance of R&D activity for health sector small and medium-sized companies asks to what extent domestic technology progress is influenced by global developments or domestic R&D. The answer appears to be that domestic technology progress is influenced by a combination of both global developments and domestic R&D.
Association between Breakfast Intake and Short-Term Memory, Performance and Mood among Saudi Female Adolescents
Authors: Alrayes Amal , Alowayshiq Hajar , Altamimi Hind , Alangari Reem , Benajiba Nada
Published: May 2021

Background: Breakfast consumption is labelled as the most important meal of the day. It might be of significant importance for adolescent students as it might influence their short-term memory, performance, and mood. However, the prevalence of skipping breakfast, among adolescents, in Saudi Arabia is high. Aims: To investigate the association between breakfast intake and short-term memory, performance, and mood, among Saudi female adolescents. Subjects and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted in a secondary female School (Riyadh) involving 170 students (15-19 years). Structured questionnaires on breakfast eating habits, student performance at school, a standardized questionnaire mood and feeling, and a standardized short-term memory test were used for data collection. Statistical analysis used Chi2 test and ANOVA test to assess the association between breakfast intake and the studied parameters. Results: Only 39% of participants keep their daily breakfast. Frequency of breakfast intake was strongly and positively associated with improved performance (R2 =0.87, p<0.001), and to short-term memory score (R2 =0.5, p<0.05). However, no correlation between daily breakfast intake and mood was obtained. Conclusions: This study confirmed the high rate of skipping breakfast among Saudi female adolescents, and provides further evidence on the beneficial effect of breakfast intake on student’s short-term memory as well as the school performance. Nutrition education program targeting this population should be implemented to enhance its awareness on the importance of breakfast intake.
Keywords: Breakfast intake, mood, short-term memory, performance, Saudi female adolescents.
Association of Socioeconomic Status, Dietary Behavior, and Obesity among Moroccan Adults of the Region of Rabat: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Bajit Habiba , Benkirane Hasnae , Bouziani Amina , Mouzouni Fatima Zahra , Benaich Souad , Bouati Elarbi , Belghiti Hakim , Mrabet Mustapha , Barkat Amina , Aguenaou Hassan
Published: May 2021

Background: The incidence of worldwide obesity is on the increase. Obesity is defined as an excessive accumulation of fat in the body. 39% of adults, aged 18 years and over, were overweight in 2016 and 13% were obese. Aims: To examine the association of dietary patterns, socioeconomic status, and the body mass index in Moroccan adults. Methods and Material: This is an analytical case-control study, conducted among obese (n=100) and non-obese (n=150) subjects, aged between 18 and 59 years old, when women represented 60% of participants. At recruitment, all anthropometric parameters were measured. The body composition was assessed by the use of impedance meter. Dietary habits were assessed using 24 hours’ food recall and food frequency questionnaire. The results were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) and the chi-squared (χ2-test) test and the percent distribution. Results: Our results showed that abdominal obesity and overall body fat (BF) percent were much prevalent among the obese group (BF% >30). There was a significant association between the lack of physical activity (p=0.002), educational level (p=0.001) and the risk of development of obesity. Concerning the age (p=0.06) and the gender (p>0.05) of the participants, there was no difference regarding these parameters and the risk of development of obesity (p>0.05). A strong relationship between marriage and the development of obesity was found, when 83.90% of the obese group were married, whereas 73.70% of the non-obese group were single (p<0.001). Concerning dietary assessment, our data revealed that the energy consumption of lipids slightly exceeds the recommended target. The major consumed foodstuffs by the obese group were oils and fats. Conclusions: The adult participants of the region of Rabat have an unbalanced body weight status resulting from an altered dietary behavior and from an altered socioeconomic profile that can lead to various health complications. Further studies are required on a large population aiming to develop effective strategies to fight the rapid increase of obesity.

Keywords : Obesity, body mass index, dietary behavior, socioeconomic status.
Importância do Marques do Lavradio, 30 vice-rei, na divulgação da história natural do Brasil setecentista
Authors: D`Almeida José Mario , Alves d`Almeida Claudia
Published: May 2021

Com o presente trabalho espera-se demonstrar a importância do Vice-Rei Marques do Lavradio no desenvolvimento da História Natural no Brasil. Para embasar a pesquisa, foram analisadas algumas cartas, escritas pelo Marques, envolvendo assuntos ligados à História Natural. Como também, as atividades da Academia de Ciências do Rio de Janeiro, criada por Lavradio em 1772, nas suas sessões eram discutidos e apresentados trabalhos ligados a História Natural, Medicina, dentre outros. Salienta-se que o envolvimento do Marques era tão intenso, que ele acompanhava as sessões da Academia. O Marques do Lavradio, no final do seu governo preparou um detalhado relatório para o seu sucessor sobre assuntos variados referentes à Colônia, que também foi usado no embasamento do presente trabalho.
O direito à cidade e mobilidade social: um estudo sobre os trilhos que cortam uma cidade
Authors: Da Silva Paixão Rosemeri , Cristina de Oliveira Rosane , De Cassia Pinheiro Lima Jacqueline
Published: May 2021

Este artigo tem como principal objetivo discutir a questão do direito à cidade, especificamente em relação ao direito de ir e vir, tendo como objeto de estudo o processo de urbanização e o impacto promovido pela construção da linha férrea na região do município de Duque de Caxias da Baixada Fluminense do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Neste estudo, apresentamos o resultado de pesquisa realizada com 52 voluntários anônimos, moradores das regiões de fronteira com a linha férrea no município caxiense, através da plataforma Google Formulários. O formulário foi distribuído nas redes sociais, indagando sobre as vantagens e desvantagens em morar nas proximidades da ferrovia.
Space ShooterPolygon 2D: um resgate nostálgico
Authors: De Melo Ferreira Thiago
Published: May 2021

Os jogos de nave ou shoot’em ups influenciam os videogames desde o início da história dos jogos eletrônicos até hoje. E sua presença tem sido considerada fundamental na ascensão dos denominados indies: desenvolvedores independentes de jogos digitais, compostos por pequenos grupos ou mesmo uma pessoa. A apresentação do jogo-título deste trabalho, seus layouts, mecânica básica (gameplay) e sua obtenção via game engines, objetivam uma proposta de resgate nostálgico do gênero ─ por muito tempo esquecido pelas grandes produtoras, sobretudo, graças à estagnação do mercado japonês de games. Possíveis melhorias e futuras versões são ainda discutidas estimulando assim, uma interessante discussão entre indies e gigantes do setor.
Literatura e Química: possíveis interações
Authors: Wolf Pablo , Nadja Paraense dos Santos
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho mostra a importância de pensarmos no ensino de Química de forma a buscar romper barreiras disciplinares e entender o ser humano e o mundo em que ele vive através da integração de saberes de diferentes áreas de conhecimento proporcionada pelo uso de textos literários. Pensando em um ensino de Química nessa perspectiva, selecionou-se três textos literários e pontuou-se brevemente alguns conhecimentos e reflexões que podem ser levantados a partir deles. Dessa forma, mostrou-se possibilidades de envolver os estudantes em histórias que contenham a riqueza da linguagem literária e conexões com a química.
Partituras imagéticas do corpo: um experimento transdisciplinar em neurociência e arte contemporânea
Authors: Dantas Dandara , Fróes Maira
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é proporcionar uma reflexão acerca de um experimento que mistura uma poética contemporânea com metodologias e pensamentos em neurociência na produção de processos e objetos híbridos. O trabalho pregresso que suscitou esta pesquisa consistiu em uma poética de tradução de informações musicais em imagens por meio de uma remodelagem gráfica de partituras de piano. Posteriormente, em um laboratório de neurociências, em vez de informações musicais, essa poética recebeu como input dados de condutância de pele, relativos à engajamento emocional, com o fim de desenvolver um processo gerador de novas visualizações para dados de emoção. Este artigo se propõe a analisar esse experimento de acoplamento processual e seus resultados transdisciplinares.
Museu da computação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Faria da Costa Rodrigues Ana Lucia , Macedo Costa Dantas Regina Maria
Published: May 2021

O Instituto Tércio Pacitti de Aplicações e Pesquisas Computacionais (NCE), no ano de seu Jubileu de Ouro, lançou, como parte das iniciativas comemorativas da data, o Marco Zero do Museu da Computação da UFRJ. O acervo do Museu apresenta artefatos tecnológicos construídos nos laboratórios de pesquisa do NCE em um período em que o país, e, em especial a UFRJ, mostrou grande potencial de desenvolvimento tecnológico. O Museu da Computação pretende resgatar a memória institucional e preservar o legado deixado pelo NCE e seus pesquisadores pioneiros. Muitos deles ajudaram a delinear a política de reserva de mercado em Informática que, durante um período, propiciou o desenvolvimento de equipamentos e protótipos repassados à nascente indústria nacional de Informática. O NCE diferenciou-se de outros centros de computação universitários, pois, ao longo dos anos, apoiou sua atuação no tripé ensino-pesquisa-extensão. Suas atividades de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de artefatos estiveram sempre associadas à sua aplicação prática, quer fosse para apoiar o ensino ou a informatização da UFRJ.
Bitcoin: materialidades, liberdades e interações de uma moeda-rede
Authors: Silva de Faria Luiz Arthur
Published: May 2021

A Bitcoin suscita discursos de liberdade em relação a governos, bancos centrais e grandes bancos, de um lado, e críticas que aproximam a proposta de moeda do mundo da especulação financeira, de outro. Analisaremos brevemente neste trabalho alguns aspectos da recente história de tensão entre esses dois olhares sobre esta moeda suportada por diferentes elementos de tecnologias da informação, como softwares, hardwares e protocolos. Considerando que há opções inscritas nos códigos, como a quantidade de moeda disponível e uma versão particular de descentralização centrada no indivíduo, as reflexões do trabalho apontam para o reconhecimento de que a Bitcoin não está separada tanto do que poderíamos chamar de micropolítica daqueles que projetaram seus algoritmos e códigos quanto da macropolítica da governança da Internet
Os prontuários e leis psiquiátricas como fonte historiográfica e etnográfica da reforma psiquiátrica brasileira: Novos modos de governamentalidade?
Authors: De Souza Lima Rafael , Molas Quintana Adriana Beatriz , Arruda Leal Ferreira Arthur , Gomes Canuto Letícia , Victor Souza Bárbara , Rangel Barbosa Laiz , Marcques Nicole
Published: May 2021

A partir do trabalho genealógico de Foucault sobre as práticas de governo, abre-se um campo possível para o estudo das práticas e nos saberes psicológicos e psiquiátricos. Aqui teríamos dois marcos: 1) no século XVI, surgem técnicas de governo baseadas no disciplinamento, o “Estado de polícia”; e 2) no século XVIII novas tecnologias de governo em referências liberais. Nosso objetivo é avaliar as práticas e conceitos de cidadania e liberdade no contexto de alguns processos de Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira. Para tal, sustentamos que coexistem neste campo não apenas os antigos dispositivos disciplinares e a resistência a estes, mas modos liberais de gestão. Estes serão analisados nas práticas cotidianas de gestão dos usuários em saúde mental, presentes em textos, leis e prontuários.
Rastreando a produção de casos clínicos
Authors: De Souza Lima Rafael , Arruda Leal Ferreira Arthur , De Lima Brito David , Rosa Alves Almada Thaíssa , Gomes Freire Isabella , Henrique Mendes da Cunha Paulo , Da Silva Vieira Karina , Luís Sydenstriker Alvares Pedro
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho visa trazer à cena os diferentes modos em que se deram singulares relações de trabalho etnográfico numa pesquisa que busca observar as diferentes formas de produção de subjetividades engendradas pelas práticas psicológicas clínicas, propostas na Divisão de Psicologia Aplicada (DPA) da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), tendo como base conceitual a Epistemologia Política de Isabelle Stengers e Vinciane Despret e a Teoria Ator-Rede de Bruno Latour e John Law. Para estes autores, o conhecimento científico se produz não como representação da realidade, mas como modos de articulação entre pesquisadores e entes pesquisados, portanto, importa aqui discutir como os pesquisadores se articulam com o campo investigado, e os resultados decorrentes disso.