bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A importância da assistência farmacêutica no cuidado com a saúde mental dentro de uma perspectiva histórica
Authors: Silva Júlia Maria do Nascimento , Barros Ana Vitória , Souza Bruna Silva de , Costa Mariany , Casagrande Taiane Ermita , Rorigues Wildin da Silva , Farias Juliana Martins de
Published: September 2023

A saúde é um estado de equilíbrio entre o bem-estar físico, social e mental de um indivíduo. Embora todos os parâmetros tenham a mesma importância na preservação à homeostasia, a saúde mental não recebe a atenção necessária. Desde os primórdios da história as sociedades questionavam a saúde mental, isso através da observação àqueles que apresentavam comportamento incomum. Entretanto, com o passar dos anos muito se tem evoluído na maneira de olhar para os transtornos mentais, como também a forma de lidar e tratar de acordo com a necessidade de cada um, através da ciência. Os transtornos psicológicos são caracterizados por promover alterações no comportamento e raciocínio de um indivíduo. Esses transtornos, em alguns casos, necessitam além da terapia do tratamento farmacológico, que é realizado através de fármacos psicotrópicos, esses fármacos são capazes de modificar ou estimular uma melhora no humor, entretanto além dos efeitos benéficos podem também causar dependência e algumas reações indesejadas o que dificulta a adesão ao tratamento. Neste contexto, o presente estudo objetivou realizar um levantamento bibliográfico sobre a importância da atuação do farmacêutico no cuidado a saúde mental. Para o desempenho, foram utilizados artigos presentes em bancos de dados eletrônicos. A seleção foi realizada a partir de uma interpretação criteriosa destes artigos. Após a coleta de dados, as informações foram compiladas e posteriormente descritas com o intuito de proporcionar conclusões inovadoras sobre o assunto.
Rancang Bangun Konveyor Pendeteksi Kecacatan Fisik pada Kaleng Berbasis Arduino Uno
Authors: Eka Pratama  , Sulo Bambang Dwi , Wirateruna Efendi S
Published: September 2023

Konveyor merupakan suatu alat angkut dari satu tempat ke tempat lain. Selain itu, konveyor juga dapat difungsikan sebagai alat sortir barang yang sering dijumpai didalam dunia industri. Dalam dunia industri, proses sortir baik secara otomatis maupun secara manual tidak terlepas dari kecacatan fisik saat proses penyortiran. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dirancang sebuah alat sortir otomatis sebagai pendeteksi kecacatan fisik pada kaleng berbasis arduino uno untuk dapat memilah antara kaleng kondisi penyok dan kaleng kondisi normal. Perancangan konveyor melibatkan beberapa komponen seperti Arduino Uno sebagai pengendali setiap komponen, motor servo sebagai aktuator, sensor proximity sebagai pendeteksi benda berbahan logam, kamera web sebagai pendeteksi bentuk kaleng, motor stepper sebagai penggerak sabuk konveyor. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mencari literatur dan mengumpulkan data dari buku maupun sumber lainnya serta melakukan observasi alat guna mendapatkan hasil yang diharapkan. Secara keseluruhan alat ini berfungsi dengan baik. Konveyor dapat mendeteksi antara kaleng penyok dan kaleng normal. Dari 20 kali pengujian, didapatkan presentase keberhasilan sebesar 95% dan kegagalan sebesar 5%.
DEVELOPMENT OF AMPHOTERICIN-B LOADED NANOPARTICLES AND EVALUATION THE ANTIMICROBIAL POTENCY
Authors: OZ Umut Can , RIZVANOĞLU Suna Sibel , ABAMOR Emrah Şefik , CENGİZ Göhkan , BERBER Hale , DERMAN Serap , ERYILMAZ Müjde , BOZKIR Asuman
Published: September 2023

Objective: The aim of this study is the development of Amphotericin B loaded polymeric nanoparticles and the determination of the potency of Amphotericin B nanoformulation samples and commercially supplied Amphotericin B samples in comparison with reference Amphotericin B standard, according to the protocol detailed in the United States Pharmacopoeia.
Material and Method: Amphotericin B nanoparticles were fabricated using single emulsion method. The comparison of the potencies of the AmB nanoformulation and commercial Amphotericin B with the antimicrobial potency of the reference Amphotericin B standard was performed using the disk diffusion method specified in the United States Pharmacopeia.
Result and Discussion: Amphotericin B loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ɛ-caprolactone) nanoparticles successfully developed having the average hydrodynamic diameter of 215.14±0.72 nm and PDI value of 0.18±0.02. The Amphotericin B encapsulation efficiency, which was determined using an HPLC method, was 66.4±1.42%. The % potency of commercial Amphotericin B was calculated as 95.7%, while the % potency of the nanoformulation of Amphotericin B was calculated as 99.1%, indicating the favor of utilizing polymeric nanoparticles as delivery systems.
Pemberian Aromaterapi Lemon dan Peppermint Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Mual dan Muntah Ibu Hamil
Authors: Rochkmana Meika Jaya , Hapsari Endah Titi , Boediarsih Boediarsih
Published: September 2023

Nausea followed by vomiting is a condition that is often found in pregnant women in the first trimester. This condition will appear 6 weeks after menstruation and normally disappear after entering the 10th week of pregnancy. The cases of nausea followed by vomiting in the first pregnancy are about 60%-80% and about 40%-60% in the second pregnancy. Cases of nausea and vomiting in Demak Regency in 2019 were 85% and in 2020 it had increased to 90%. This research determined the effectiveness of lemon and peppermint aromatherapy on the intensity of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women. This study is a quasi-experiment research with a two group pretest posttest design. The population consisted of 59 pregnant women, with a sample of 36 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria using the purposive sampling technique. Group 1 treated with lemon aromatherapy consisted of 18 people and Group 2 treated with peppermint aromatherapy consisted of 18 people. Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea scale (PUQE) was used to measure the Nausea scale. Statistical test using the Mann-Whitney test. The research found that lemon aromatherapy is more effective than peppermint aromatherapy in the intensity of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women with the significant result p-value 0.001. This research suggests that pregnant women should be able to deal with nausea and vomiting independently by giving lemon aromatherapy.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Siswa Kelas VII dan Penurunan Skala Nyeri Dismenora Primer Menggunakann Video Senam Dismenorhea
Authors: Nurvadila Putri , Virawati Dini Indo , Satriani Satriani
Published: September 2023

False information regarding menstruation has the potential to cause a variety of emotions, including worry, dread, and confusion. Worrying about getting their period or experiencing menstrual discomfort, particularly if they consider these events to be common rites of passage. By informing young girls about the typical causes of discomfort during their period, it may be possible to enhance their mental health. This research intends to demonstrate how a dysmenorrhea exercise plan may help reduce symptoms by quantifying pain on a visual analog scale. In this research, a single-group pretest-posttest format was employed using a pre-experimental design. The Wilcoxon test had 35 female students in total, and the significance level was fairly low. The findings suggest that the knowledge of the respondents may be biased. Before seeing the video, 11 respondents (31.4%) scored 67 points, while the same set of respondents (34.34%) scored 87 points on the post-test. The dysmenorrhea exercise video is effective since there is a correlation between responder knowledge and pain levels (p=0.000 on the pain scale). According to updated sources, when modified in light of recommendations for further research, dysmenorrhea exercise is expected to prove to be an effective method for lowering discomfort and encouraging movement.
Pernikahan Dini Menghambat Pertumbuhan Pada Anak Usia 2 Tahun
Authors: Hasniati Hasniati , Syahriani Syahriani , Nurbaya Siti , Fitriani Fitriani , Asnuddin Asnuddin
Published: September 2023

Early marriage, which is marrying children who are still under 20 years old, shows the immaturity of parents' thinking. This situation triggers a parental problem-solving response based on immature thinking. Growth is an increase in the size and number of cells, as well as intercellular tissue, which means an increase in physical structure so that weight (kg) length (cm) and head circumference (cm) can be measured. This study aims to find out "The relationship between early marriage and the growth of children aged 2 years in the working area of the Pammana Public Health Center, Wajo Regency in 2022. The research design used was a cross-sectional study with an observational type. This study uses a total sampling with 30 respondents processing data with Microsoft Excel and SPSS. There is a relationship between early marriage and the growth of children aged 2 years with the results of the chi-square test p = 0.007 and <0.05. There is a relationship between early marriage and the growth of children aged 2 years in the work area of the Pammana Health Center, Wajo Regency in 2022, where the younger the age of marriage, the more susceptible to child growth disorders. So it is hoped that integrated care and supervision health services can be implemented to reduce the risk of early marriage and growth disorders in children.
Pijat Tui Na Meningkatkan Berat Badan Balita
Authors: Chairunnisa Rini , Novita Reni , Siallagan Dorsinta , Layinah Ely
Published: September 2023

Nutritional adequacy in toddlers can be met by consuming a variety of foods and a good diet. Nutritional deficiencies lead to growth and development disorders. To overcome to meet the nutritional and nutritional needs of toddlers, one of which is by providing stimulation to increase nerve activity, increase the digestive absorption system, and better absorption of food and can treat nausea, and reduce appetite in children through tui na massage therapy. Tui na is a form of massage therapy and has been used in China for more than 5,000 years. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in body weight of children under five before and after Tui na massage therapy. The type of research used in this study is Pre Experimental Designs with a one group pretest-posttest design. Where the measurement is taken before doing the treatment (pretest), then the treatment is carried out, namely the action of massage for toddlers tui na and after being given the treatment, it is carried out the measurement again (posttest). Based on the results of the study, there was an average first body weight (pre-test) of 8.3 kg and experienced an increase in body weight after massage with an average of 9.1 kg. The results of the paired-t test obtained the sig level (2-tailed) value of p = 0,000, statistically the value of p = 0,000 <or 0.05, so Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means there is an effect of tui na massage on the increase in body weight of balita in the region. Work at the Suradita Health Center, Tangerang Regency in 2020. Tui na Massage Therapy has an effect on weight gain for toddlers It is hoped that Tui na Massage Therapy can be applied as an innovation to prevent stunting in Suradita Health Centers and throughout Indonesia.
Pemberian Minuman Jahe dan Madu Terhadap Mual Muntah Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester I
Authors: Setiyaningsih Fera Yuli , Isro'aini Any
Published: September 2023

Nausea and vomiting begin in the 1st trimester around 6-8 weeks of gestation, peak at nine weeks of gestation and persist around 12 weeks. A small number of pregnant women still feel nausea and vomiting at 20 weeks of gestation. Approximately 50 – 80% of pregnant women experience this discomfort, and around 50% - 90% of pregnant women experience nausea and vomiting during 1st trimester. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving ginger and honey on nausea and vomiting in 1st trimester-pregnant women in MombyKids Jombang. The research design used the One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The research subjects were first-trimester pregnant women who checked their pregnancy at MombyKids Jombang. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. The results of the study showed that there was an effect of giving ginger on nausea and vomiting, the frequency of nausea and vomiting before giving ginger and honey in the 1st trimester of pregnant women. The conclusion in this study was that in the 1st trimester pregnant women who consumed ginger and honey the frequency of nausea and vomiting was reduced compared to the 1st trimester pregnant women who did not consume ginger and honey. The pregnant woman suggested using ginger and honey as non-pharmacological therapy, but continued the research by increasing the number of samples should be followed to strengthen this finding.
Tingkat Pendidikan Dan Pengetahuan Pasangan Usia Subur Tentang Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang
Authors: Purnami I Gusti Ayu Putu , Hindriyawati Wiwin , Ekawati Desi , Kismoyo Christina Pernatun
Published: September 2023

Long-acting reversible conceptions (LARCs) can be a solution to reduce poverty, unemployment and maternal mortality.  The interest of couples of childbearing age in using LARC is still low. The low use of LARCs has resulted in the unmet need for family planning which caused by multiple factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between education level and knowledge of couples of childbearing age (CCA) about long-term contraceptive methods (LARCs) in Gupakwarak Hamlet, Sendangsari. This research is an analytic observational study using a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling with 134 respondents. The results showed that there is no significant relationship between education level and knowledge of fertile couples about LARC (p-value 0.109) in Gupakwarak Hamlet, Sendangsari. Knowledge is not only obtained through formal education but also from informal education such as counseling, actively seeking information on social media, antenatal classes, working environment, and/or counseling about LARC in Posyandu. It is recommended that midwives continue to provide counseling regarding LARC to pregnant women to provide consolidation regarding understanding of LARC, prevent misinformation, and help determine the right method for them.
Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Definition, Diagnosis, and the Clinical Approach to Differentiating Between Them
Authors: Tan Giles
Published: September 2023

Neurodevelopmental disorders are a diverse group of conditions that occur during the developmental period and result in functional impairments. Intellectual Disability (ID) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) belong in this group and the criteria for diagnosis is described in DSM-5. There is overlap in the clinical symptoms between the conditions and careful assessment is required to establish diagnosis and determine if there is comorbidity and to plan treatment.
Dementia, Mental Health Disorder, or Intellectual Disability: How Do We Tell?
Authors: Chen Shiling
Published: September 2023

The identification of mental health disorders and dementia in individuals with intellectual and developmental disability is complex. This is due to possible overlapping clinical presentations and the difficulty in separating the symptoms of mental health disorders and dementia from the characteristics of intellectual and developmental disability. Furthermore, the intrinsic limitations in communication and challenges faced in elucidating accurate information in the presence of these conditions lend additional difficulty. However, differentiating between these conditions is essential for establishing accurate diagnoses and instituting appropriate treatment. Moreover, even if the patient presents with a completely unrelated complaint, being aware of the base diagnosis is vital. This is especially important so that appropriate intervention plans and community resources can be activated to support the individuals and their families. Having said that, the limited time and resources that primary care doctors have access to in their clinical practice may pose questions regarding how possible it is for them to make such a differentiation. This article aims to suggest a practical approach to differentiating between these conditions in the primary care setting.
Artificial Pollution Testing of HVDC Insulators
Authors: Rao K. Devender , Rajamani P. , Krishna B. , Nirgude Pradeep M.
Published: September 2023

A review is presented on the performance of insulators under artificial pollution testing of HVDC insulators in the laboratory as per the test methods described in the standards which establishes the test facility required to meet technical specifications. Also, another test facility established as per the requirements of the standard for insulators used in the DC system is the puncture test. These two tests form an important characteristic for designing the insulators and reducing outages in transmission lines. Creepage length forms an important designing criterion for the insulators which influences the pollution performance wherein the puncture in an insulator reduces the creepage. The pollution test results had compared with the available literature and the results are found to be within the specified limits. In addition to the various tests specified in the relevant standard for DC insulators, establishing the test facility cater to one of the important test requirements for DC insulators i.e., artificial pollution test and puncture test which is the vision of Govt. of India in line with to make in India and atmanirbhar Bharat initiatives.
Behavior of Nanoparticles in Service Transformer Oils and their Performance on Laboratory Ageing
Authors: Maiti Prabhat Kumar
Published: September 2023

The transformer is the most critical apparatus in the electric power network. Reliable operation of it is of foremost concern for a proficient power supply. Therefore, it is vital to safeguard the transformer so that it functions at its highest capacity. In order to achieve it, an improvement in the insulation system is necessary, as the majority of faults in transformers are due to the malfunctioning of the insulation system. Petroleum-based oils are extensively used as insulating liquids in transformers. The latterly evolved field of nanotechnology has encouraged studies on Nanofluids (NFs), which are suitable as liquid insulators. In spite of the advantages of NFs in electrical and thermal behavior compared to their base fluids, further studies are needed to establish their long-standing performances as liquid insulators. In this study, three mineral oil samples, new, mid-aged, and extensively aged, were taken. Nanofluids of 0.02% Al2O3 and 0.02% SiO2 of these oils were prepared. The base fluids and nanofluids were characterized by interfacial tension, acidity, dielectric dissipation factor, resistivity, and electric strength. The nanofluids prepared were subjected to laboratory thermal ageing in the presence of copper and kraft paper for 64 hours at 150 °C. The unaged and laboratory-aged nanofluids were characterized for acidity, Interfacial Tension (IFT), Specific Resistance (SR), Tan Delta (TD), and Dielectric Strength (BDV). It was found through this work that the addition of nanoparticles upgraded the properties of oil samples. The long-term applicability and permanence of nanofluids might depend on catalytic effects. These catalytic effects are derived from the internal assembly materials of the transformer.
Design and Validation of Plate Earthing System for Equipment Earthing
Authors: Pauly P. Jithin , Prabhakar C. , Nagachandra Bandi Venkata , Pandian G.
Published: September 2023

Earthing system is an essential part of electrical installation as it helps in eliminating electrical shock hazards and also provide zero voltage reference point for the equipment. Design of an earthing system involves, measurement of soil resistivity of the proposed site for the electrode system installation & determining the conductor type & required number of   earth electrodes in order to achieve earth resistance value. This paper describes the methodology followed in design and validation of a plate electrode earthing system for the equipment earthing in a new test laboratory, which had an earth resistance requirement of less than 1 Ohm as mandated by the equipment supplier. This will be helpful for personnel involved in the design of earthing system.
U.S. Standardized Testing in the 21st Century: Lessons Learned
Authors: Le Daisy , Steward Hannah
Published: September 2023

In the 21st century, many federal policies were enacted to reform and improve the American public education system, focusing on standardized testing. However, standardized testing policy has both positive and negative effects on students in the K-12 public education system. These effects are shown with both qualitative data and quantitative data in existing peer reviewed and grey literature. This research paper will analyze key findings from literature regarding previous and existing acts, such as No Child Left Behind and Every Student Succeeds Act. The key findings are used to critically analyze proposed legislation, such as HB-1471. It is imperative that mistakes from previous federal policy are not repeated.
Comparison of the Rapid Antigen Test to RT-qPCR in Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2: A University Experience in Northern Cyprus
Authors: GÜLER Emrah , TANER Ferdiye , ŞANLIDAĞ Erdal , TULAY Pinar , ERGOREN Mahmut Cerkez , BADDAL Buket , ÖZVEREL Cenk Serhan , TUNCEL Gülten , SÜER Kaya , ŞANLIDAĞ Tamer
Published: September 2023

Objective: As an alternative to RT-qPCR assays used in the diagnosis SARS-CoV-2, antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) are available for the qualitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swab samples. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and reliability of Ag-RDTs as a diagnostic method of detecting SARS-CoV-2 positive cases within a given population.

Methods: In first phase of this investigation, 357 nasopharyngeal swab samples were screened for SARS-CoV-2 using Ag-RDTs. For the purposes of this study RT-qPCR was then applied to the same 357 nasopharyngeal swab samples in order to compare the reliability of the two detection methods. In the second phase of this investigation, Ag-RDTs were applied to an additional 75 nasopharyngeal swab samples that were already known to be RT-qPCR positive.

Results: In the first phase of this investigation, of the 357 samples screened using Ag-RDTs 14 samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2, in contrast, when RT-qPCR analysis was applied to the same 357 samples no SARS-CoV-2 samples were detected. Therefore, the false antigen positivity was determined to be at 3.9%. In the second phase of this investigation 75 RT-qPCR positive samples were re-evaluated with a rapid antigen test. Twenty-four of the 75 RT-qPCR positive sample were undetected.

Conclusion: Solely relying on rapid antigen tests to detect SARS-CoV-2 infections in the community could consequently result in infectious individuals remaining in the population. The impact of false negative rapid test results can be reduced by implementing confirmatory RT-qPCR analysis particularly in symptomatic patients.
Comparison of the Hall Technique and Conventional Compomer Restorations: A 60-Month Follow-up
Authors: ŞEN YAVUZ Betül , KARGUL Betul
Published: September 2023

Objective: The Hall Technique is one biological strategy for sealing carious lesions with preformed metal crowns in primary molars. This study aimed to compare the Hall Technique's survival rate with conventional compomer restorations in caries management in primary molars for 60 months.

Methods: Children with preformed metal crowns placed with Hall Technique and conventional compomer restorations were invited to Pediatric Dentistry Clinics for a 60-month follow-up. The restorations of these children were evaluated clinically and radiographically. Dental health records of 12 and 24-month follow-up appointments were obtained from the electronic archive. The survival rate of the restorations was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and the success/failure of the restorations by the Chi-Square test. Restorations with finding such as secondary caries, pulpitis, restoration wear/fracture/loss, crown perforation, inter-radicular radiolucency, and internal root resorption were scored according to major and/or minor failure criteria, while satisfactory ones were scored as successful.

Results: Twenty-six primary molars were included in the study. There was no significant difference in the survival rates of preformed metal crowns placed with the Hall Technique (92.3%) and conventional compomer restorations (84.6%) at 60-month follow-up (2 = 2.455, p = .48). The Hall Technique (84.6%) was found significantly more successful clinically and radiographically compared to conventional compomer restorations (23.1%) according to the success or failure criteria in 60-month follow-up (p < .01).

Conclusion: The Hall Technique was clinically and radiographically more successful than conventional compomer restorations according to the success or failure criteria at 60-month follow-up. The Hall Technique had a similar survival rate to the conventional compomer restorations as well as low failure findings in caries management in primary molars.
Eating Attitudes From a Cardiometabolic Risk Perspective: Psoriasis Sample
Authors: CEYHUN Hacer Akgül , BİLEN Handan
Published: September 2023

Objective: In this study, we aimed to compare psoriasis patients with healthy controls in terms of impaired eating attitudes and to investigate the relationship of eating attitudes with cardiometabolic and clinical parameters, anxiety, depression, and quality of life.

Methods: 45 psoriasis patients and 45 healthy controls were included in the study. Personal and clinical information form, eating attitude test (EAT-40), body mass index (BMI) and MetS criteria were used for all participants. Psoriasis patients were evaluated with clinical information form, hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), dermatological quality of life index (DQLI), psoriasis area and severity index (PASI).

Results: The data of the patient and control groups differed in terms of doing sports, impaired EAT, BMI groups, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Abnormal eating attitudes such as negative body image, inability to control oneself in eating, overeating, and some restrictive attitudes were significantly higher in the psoriasis group. Overeating, overeating or stress-induced emotional eating, presence of MetS, weight dissatisfaction, frequent dieting to lose weight, some compensatory behaviours, and loss of self-control were significantly higher in patients with BMI>25. EAT points; showed a positive moderate correlation with BMI and HAD-Anxiety. DQLI results; showed a moderate positive correlation with HADAnxiety and PASI scores.

Conclusion: Our study is the first to reveal what kind of disordered eating attitudes are at risk for cardiometabolic diseases in psoriasis patients. In psoriasis patients, the rate of not being able to control their eating behaviour is high. Our results primarily highlight the relationship that can be explained by autonomic reactivity between anxiety and difficulty resisting food cravings. Professional support including psychoeducational, cognitive behavioural therapy, and acceptance-based therapies should be provided to reduce maladaptive reactions and anxiety by improving self-regulation skills.
Dental Age Estimation with Special Emphasis on Age Limits of 12/15 and 18 Years: Detailed Analysis According to Governing Law
Authors: SİNANOĞLU Enver Alper , AKALIN KUNUK Feyza , BAYRAK Seval , ANKARALI Handan
Published: September 2023

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of Demirjian method in estimation of age groups with limits of 12, 15, and 18 years, according to ages of legal responsibilities.

Methods: The panoramic radiographs of the study population aged between 6 to 22 were assessed for third molar (3M) mineralization with Demirjian method with four subgroups. Group 1 consisted of individuals aged between 6 to and 12 years of age, Group 2 were aged between 12 to 15 (Group 2, ≥12,
Workshop On Early Detection Overweight In Adolescents At Karuna Dipa Junior High School In Palu City
Authors: Aslinda Wery , Ansar Ansar , Bahja Bahja
Published: September 2023

Indonesia as a developing country is one of the contributors to the increasing incidence of Overweight adolescents. The form of activities such as providing counseling and training on early detection of overweight and providing short workshops on making healthy snacks to prevent obesity (Banana Bud) is one of the efforts to prevent obesity in adolescents. The purpose of this community service is to increase adolescent knowledge about overweight prevention, improve adolescent skills in early detection of overweight and in selecting and making snacks to prevent overweight.

This type of community service is providing counseling and training on early detection of overweight as well as providing a short workshop on making healthy snacks to prevent overweight (Banana bud) at Karuna Dipa junior high school in Palu City.

Knowledge assessment results show that an increase in the average knowledge score was 2.9 points (14.5%). For the skill of determining BMI, students achieved the ability of 72% which was assessed from their ability to calculate BMI using discs or using a calculator, while for the determination of overweight, students' abilities reached 83% which was assessed from their ability to use discs to detect overweight.

The conclusion of community service is that there is an increase in knowledge, skills for determining BMI using discs and calculators, and knowledge of making healthy snacks to prevent overweight
Training On Growth Monitoring Of Children In The Work Area Of Kayuwou Health Center
Authors: Kusumawati Dwi Erma , Nurjaya  , Dias Astiza
Published: September 2023

Growth monitoring is part of the health service activities carried out for infants and toddlers. It aims to improve the quality of early childhood growth and development and the readiness of children to enter formal education which is directed at improving the nutritional, cognitive, mental and psychological health status of children.

The population and sample in this study were 13 Posyandu located in the working area of the Kayuwou Public Health Center, Sindue Tobata District, Donggala Regency. The results show that the correct Posyandu in measuring body weight is only 15.3%, incorrect as much as 84.7%, the measurement of body length and height is only FOUR Posyandu that take measurements of body length and height and in their use fall into the category not exactly. For the correct Posyandu in filling out the KMS and Determining Growth Status, there is only ONE Posyandu (7.7%).

The conclusion of this community service shows an increase in cadres in anthropometric measurements, filling KMS and determining growth status. This community service is important to provide knowledge and improve the skills needed by cadres to be able to determine the nutritional status of toddlers properly and correctly
Corn Bran As An Alternative To High-Fiber Snacks
Authors: Candriasih Putu , Awusi Hermin , Anggraini Laraswati , Hafid Fahmi
Published: September 2023

Fiber is one of the nutrients that has an important role in the body but the level of consumption is not paid attention to by the public. Along with the rapid progress of the times, it has had an impact on changes in the lifestyle of the Indonesian people, ranging from unhealthy eating patterns to lack of physical activity. The purpose of this community service is to provide information on the utilization of food waste into food with high fiber content and the development of corn bran biscuit products with kepok banana flour and increase mother's knowledge about the importance of fiber for the body. The method of this activity is through community education to help increase participants' information and understanding about the importance of fiber for our bodies. The results of this activity showed that there was an increase in participants' knowledge about the importance of fiber for our bodies. The percentage of participants with good knowledge category before attending the counseling was 60% (pre-test) and increased to 93.7% after attending the counseling (post-test). The conclusion of this activity is that corn bran can be processed into food sources of fiber. This activity was greeted with great enthusiasm and went smoothly, it is hoped that similar activities will be held in the future
Counseling On The Provision Of Complementary Feeding Foods To Prevent Diarrhea In Toddlers In West Mamboro
Authors: Nurjaya Nurjaya , Amalia Nur , Syukur  , Lewa Abd Farid
Published: September 2023

Provision complementary feeding is one of the factors that influence the incidence of diarrhea. There are various reasons, including unhygienic formula feeding and early complementary feeding. Lack of knowledge of mothers in provision Complementary feeding can have an impact on the health of toddlers, one of which is toddlers will often experience diarrhea. The purpose of this community service is to provide additional knowledge of mothers under five in the provision of Complementary feeding to help prevent diarrhea in children. This service is carried out by providing counseling. The results of this activity indicate an increase in the knowledge of mothers under five about the provision of Complementary feeding. The percentage of mothers under five with good knowledge at the pre-test was 76,7% and mothers under five with good knowledge increased to 94,5% after attending the counseling. Increased knowledge of mothers under five can help improve skills in determ
PIEZO1 is downregulated in glenohumeral chondrocytes in early cuff tear arthropathy following a massive rotator cuff tear in a mouse model
Authors: Anderson Devon E. , Broun Katherine G. , Kundu Paromita , Jing Xingyu , Tang Xiang , Lu Christopher , Kotelsky Alexander , Mannava Sandeep , Lee Whasil
Published: September 2023

Introduction: A massive rotator cuff tear (RCT) leads to glenohumeral joint destabilization and characteristic degenerative changes, termed cuff tear arthropathy (CTA). Understanding the response of articular cartilage to a massive RCT will elucidate opportunities to promote homeostasis following restoration of joint biomechanics with rotator cuff repair. Mechanically activated calcium-permeating channels, in part, modulate the response of distal femoral chondrocytes in the knee against injurious loading and inflammation. The objective of this study was to investigate PIEZO1-mediated mechanotransduction of glenohumeral articular chondrocytes in the altered biomechanical environment following RCT to ultimately identify potential therapeutic targets to attenuate cartilage degeneration after rotator cuff repair.

Methods: First, we quantified mechanical susceptibility of chondrocytes in mouse humeral head cartilage ex vivo with treatments of specific chemical agonists targeting PIEZO1 and TRPV4 channels. Second, using a massive RCT mouse model, chondrocytes were assessed for mechano-vulnerability, PIEZO1 expression, and calcium signaling activity 14-week post-injury, an early stage of CTA.

Results: In native humeral head chondrocytes, chemical activation of PIEZO1 (Yoda1) significantly increased chondrocyte mechanical susceptibility against impact loads, while TRPV4 activation (GSK101) significantly decreased impact-induced chondrocyte death. A massive RCT caused morphologic and histologic changes to the glenohumeral joint with decreased sphericity and characteristic bone bruising of the posterior superior quadrant of the humeral head. At early CTA, chondrocytes in RCT limbs exhibit a significantly decreased functional expression of PIEZO1 compared with uninjured or sham controls.

Discussion: In contrast to the hypothesis, PIEZO1 expression and activity is not increased, but rather downregulated, after massive RCT at the early stage of cuff tear arthropathy. These results may be secondary to the decreased axial loading after glenohumeral joint decoupling in RCT limbs.
Activity fingerprinting of AMR β-lactamase towards a fast and accurate diagnosis
Authors: Song Chenchen , Sun Xuan , Wang Yao , Bülow Leif , Mecklenburg Michael , Wu Changxin , Meng Qinglai , Xie Bin
Published: September 2023

Antibiotic resistance has become a serious threat to global public health and economic development. Rapid and accurate identification of a patient status for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are urgently needed in clinical diagnosis. Here we describe the development of an assay method for activity fingerprinting of AMR β-lactamases using panels of 7 β-lactam antibiotics in 35 min. New Deli Metallo β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) and penicillinase were demonstrated as two different classes of β-lactamases. The panel consisted of three classes of antibiotics, including: penicillins (penicillin G, piperacillin), cephalosporins (cefepime, ceftriaxone, cefazolin) and carbapenems (meropenem and imipenem). The assay employed a scheme combines the catalytic reaction of AMR β-lactamases on antibiotic substrates with a flow-injected thermometric biosensor that allows the direct detection of the heat generated from the enzymatic catalysis, and eliminates the need for custom substrates and multiple detection schemes. In order to differentiate classes of β-lactamases, characterization of the enzyme activity under different catalytic condition, such as, buffer composition, ion strength and pH were investigated. This assay could provide a tool for fast diagnosis of patient AMR status which makes possible for the future accurate treatment with selected antibiotics.
Clinical benefits of oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation patients with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Dayang , Xu Xiaoqing , Han Xiaowan , Xie Jing , Zhou Hufang , Peng Wenhua , Pan Guozhong
Published: September 2023

Background

The management of atrial fibrillation (AF) with oral anticoagulants (OAC) is generally recommended to reduce the risk of stroke. However, the decision to prescribe these medications for patients with AF and dementia remains controversial.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis of retrospective cohort studies were conducted. The search encompassed PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases from inception until May 1st, 2023, with language limited to English. Eligible studies included comparisons between exposure to OAC vs. non-OAC in the AF population with dementia or cognitive impairment. Studies that compared the effects of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) and vitamin-K antagonists were also included. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcomes were ischemic stroke and major bleeding. This study was registered with PROSPERO (No. CRD42023420678).

Results

A total of five studies (N = 21,962 patients) met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. The follow-up duration ranged from 1 to 4 years. Meta-analysis demonstrated that OAC treatment was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in AF patients with dementia with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.79 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 0.68 to 0.92, compared to non-OAC treatment. No statistical differences were observed in the risk of major bleeding (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.88–1.42) or ischemic stroke (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.58–1.00). Three studies reported comparisons between DOAC and warfarin; however, pooled analysis was not performed due to heterogeneity.

Conclusion

The use of OACs in individuals diagnosed with both AF and dementia holds the potential to reduce all-cause mortality rates, thereby improving the overall clinical prognosis within this specific population.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023420678, PROSPERO identifier, CRD42023420678.
Mass cytometry reveals the corneal immune cell changes at single cell level in diabetic mice
Authors: Qin Limin , Li Qian , Wang Liqiang , Huang Yifei
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Diabetic ocular complications include sight-threatening consequences and decreased corneal sensitivity, characterized by decreased tear production, corneal sensitivity and delayed corneal epithelial wound healing. The pathogenesis of diabetic corneal disorders remains largely unknown. Growing evidence implies the participation of immune cells in the development of diabetic corneal diseases. Nonetheless, the immunological changes that result in diabetic corneal problems are largely unknown.

Methods

Mass cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) was used to investigate immune cell cluster alterations associated with diabetic corneal disorders. CyTOF test was performed on corneal cells at a single level from 21-week-old diabetic (db/db) and non-diabetic (db/m) mice. A panel of 41 immune-related markers monitored different immune cell types in diabetic corneas. To investigate the proportion of each immune cell subpopulation, an unsupervised clustering method was employed, and T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding was used to visualize the distinctions between different immune cell subsets.

Results

Through CyTOF test, we identified 10 immune cell subsets in the corneal tissues. In a novel way, we discovered significant immune alterations in diabetic corneas, including pronounced alterations in T cells and myeloid cell subgroups in diabetic corneas linked to potential biomarkers, including CD103, CCR2, SiglecF, Ly6G, and CD172a. Comprehensive immunological profiling indicated remarkable changes in the immune microenvironment in diabetic corneas, characterized by a notable decrease in CD103+CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells and Tregs, as well as a dramatic increase of γδT cells and subsets of CD11b+Ly6G+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs).

Conclusion

CyTOF analysis revealed significant alterations in the immune microenvironment during the development of diabetic corneal complications. This study mapped the immune microenvironment landscape of type 2 diabetic corneas, providing a fundamental understanding of immune-driven diabetic corneal disorders.
Vector well pattern optimization of horizontal well in offshore edge water reservoirs
Authors: Deng Chang-Hong
Published: September 2023

The L30up reservoir is a strongly heterogeneous edge water reservoir with obvious provenance direction and channel direction. It is developed by horizontal wells, and the traditional well pattern adjustment is not suitable for tapping the remaining oil potential of this type of reservoirs, while vector well pattern adjustment is one of the important measures to enhance oil recovery. In this paper, aiming at maximizing the economic net present value, taking the characteristic parameter matrix of well pattern reconfiguration (well position, azimuth angle, horizontal section length) as variables, an optimization model of horizontal well pattern vector adjustment is established. Furthermore, the PSO-MADS algorithm is proposed to solve the above optimization model. Thus, a vector well pattern adjustment technology that can realize the distribution matching of reservoir heterogeneity and remaining oil has been formed. On the basis of the deployment strategy of vector well pattern in L30up reservoir, according to the direction of sediment source, reservoir heterogeneity, distribution of remaining oil, etc., we determined the best vector well pattern adjustment scheme, and applied the above optimization method to optimize the infill well locations. Through the optimal deployment of the vector well pattern, the oil recovery factor after the vector well pattern adjustment is 5.21% percentage points higher than the original well pattern conditions, which precisely matches the well pattern parameters and the geological vector parameters, such as sand body distribution, remaining oil distribution, and edge waters in L30up reservoir.
Remote sensing of phytoplankton community composition in the northern Benguela upwelling system
Authors: Moloto Tebatso M. , Thomalla Sandy J. , Smith Marie E. , Martin Bettina , Louw Deon C. , Koppelmann Rolf
Published: September 2023

Marine phytoplankton in the northern Benguela upwelling system (nBUS) serve as a food and energy source fuelling marine food webs at higher trophic levels and thereby support a lucrative fisheries industry that sustain local economies in Namibia. Microscopic and chemotaxonomic analyses are among the most commonly used techniques for routine phytoplankton community analysis and monitoring. However, traditional in situ sampling methods have a limited spatiotemporal coverage. Satellite observations far surpass traditional discrete ocean sampling methods in their ability to provide data at broad spatial scales over a range of temporal resolution over decadal time periods. Recognition of phytoplankton ecological and functional differences has compelled advancements in satellite observations over the past decades to go beyond chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) as a proxy for phytoplankton biomass to distinguish phytoplankton taxa from space. In this study, a multispectral remote sensing approach is presented for detection of dominant phytoplankton groups frequently observed in the nBUS. Here, we use a large microscopic dataset of phytoplankton community structure and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer of aqua satellite match-ups to relate spectral characteristics of in water constituents to dominance of specific phytoplankton groups. The normalised fluorescence line height, red-near infrared as well as the green/green spectral band-ratios were assigned to the dominant phytoplankton groups using statistical thresholds. The ocean colour remote sensing algorithm presented here is the first to identify phytoplankton functional types in the nBUS with far-reaching potential for mapping the phenology of phytoplankton groups on unprecedented spatial and temporal scales towards advanced ecosystem understanding and environmental monitoring.
Phenotypic assay for cytotoxicity assessment of Balamuthia mandrillaris against human neurospheroids
Authors: Whangviboonkij Narisara , Pengsart Worakamol , Chen Zhenzhong , Han Seokgyu , Park Sungsu , Kulkeaw Kasem
Published: September 2023

Introduction

The phenotypic screening of drugs against Balamuthia mandrillaris, a neuropathogenic amoeba, involves two simultaneous phases: an initial step to test amoebicidal activity followed by an assay for cytotoxicity to host cells. The emergence of three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures has provided a more physiologically relevant model than traditional 2D cell culture for studying the pathogenicity of B. mandrillaris. However, the measurement of ATP, a critical indicator of cell viability, is complicated by the overgrowth of B. mandrillaris in coculture with host cells during drug screening, making it challenging to differentiate between amoebicidal activity and drug toxicity to human cells.

Methods

To address this limitation, we introduce a novel assay that utilizes three-dimensional hanging spheroid plates (3DHSPs) to evaluate both activities simultaneously on a single platform.

Results and discussion

Our study showed that the incubation of neurospheroids with clinically isolated B. mandrillaris trophozoites resulted in a loss of neurospheroid integrity, while the ATP levels in the neurospheroids decreased over time, indicating decreased host cell viability. Conversely, ATP levels in isolated trophozoites increased, indicating active parasite metabolism. Our findings suggest that the 3DHSP-based assay can serve as an endpoint for the phenotypic screening of drugs against B. mandrillaris, providing a more efficient and accurate approach for evaluating both parasite cytotoxicity and viability.