bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISSOLUTION BEHAVIOR, STABILITY AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF KETOPROFEN COATED TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE MODIFIED CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLE
Authors: Hardi Jaya , Sugita Purwantiningsih , Ambarsari Laksmi
Published: March 2017

Ketoprofen coated tripolyphosphate modified chitosan nanoparticle was resulted from ionic gelation process by ultrasonication, centrifugation, and spray dry methods. Particle was analyzed by particle Size Analyzer. Dissolution and stability of them have conducted by Row Hansen methods at 37±0.5 °C and 150 rpm and using climatic chamber at 40±2 °C and relative humidity 75±5% for 3 months, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activities have conducted by Plate Reader methods. The result showed that B formulae have particles diameter of 563.1±157.5 nm and entrapment efficiency of 89.663%, respectively. Dissolution behavior showed that ketoprofen restrained released within acid medium and maximum released within base medium of 11.35-15.87% and 45.73-99.25%, respectively. Kinetically, dissolution of ketoprofen within intestinal and gastric pH condition was Korsmeyers-Peppas kinetic models. While, stability behavior showed that B formula has ketoprofen percentage left in nanocapsule after 3 months greater than 90% with water content and shelf life of 19.68%, and 14.19 week, respectively, and degradation kinetic model followed Avrami-Eroveef equation. Anti-inflammation test showed that B formula had the COX-2 inhibitory activity of 90.86% is higher than free ketoprofen.
PREPARATION OF CALCIUM OXIDE FROM Achatina fulica AS CATALYST FOR PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM WASTE COOKING OIL
Authors: Lesbani Aldes , Tamba Palita , Mohadi Risfidian , Fahmariyanti Fahmariyanti
Published: March 2017

Preparation of calcium oxide from Achatina fulica shell has been carried out systematically by decomposition for 3 h at various temperatures i.e. 600, 700, 800 and 900 °C. Formation of calcium oxide was characterized using XR diffractometer. The calcium oxide obtained with the optimum temperature decomposition was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy to indicate the functional group in the calcium oxide. The results showed that XRD pattern of materials obtained from decomposition of Achatina fulica shell at 700 °C is similar with XRD pattern of calcium oxide standard from Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS). The IR spectra of calcium oxide appear at wavenumber 362 cm-1 which is characteristic of CaO vibration. Application of calcium oxide from Achatina fulica shell for synthesis of biodiesel from waste cooking oil results in biodiesel with density are in the range of ASTM standard.
Syntheses of Azo-Imine Derivatives from Vanillin as an Acid Base Indicator
Authors: Purwono Bambang , Anwar Chairil , Hanapi Ahmad
Published: March 2017

Preparations of azo, imine and azo-imine derivatives from vanillin as an indicator of acid-base titration have been carried out. The azo derivative of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(phenylazo)benzaldehyde 2 was produced by diazotitation reaction of vanillin in 37.04% yield. The azo product was then refluxed with aniline in ethanol to yield azo-imine derivatives, 2-methoxy-6-(phenylazo)-4-((phenylimino)methyl)phenol 1 in 82.21% yield. The imine derivative, 2-methoxy-4-((phenylimino)methyl)-phenol 3 was obtained by refluxing of vanillin and aniline mixture in ethanol solvent and produced 82.17% yield. The imine product was then reacted with benzenediazonium chloride salt. However, the products indicated hydrolyzed product of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(phenylazo)benzaldehyde 2 in 22.15% yield. The 2-methoxy-4-((phenylimino)methyl)phenol 2 could be used as an indicator for titration of NaOH by H2C2O4 with maximum concentration of H2C2O4 0.1 M while the target compound 1 could be used as titration indicator for titration of NaOH with H2C2O4 with same result using phenolphthalein indicator.
Vulcanization Kinetics of Natural Rubber Based On Free Sulfur Determination
Authors: Hasan Abu , Rochmadi Rochmadi , Sulistyo Hary , Honggokusumo Suharto
Published: March 2017

The determination of free sulfur in the rubber vulcanizates provided significant representation of vulcanization reaction. In this research, the effects of vulcanization temperature, the mixing method of carbon black into rubber, the ingredients mixing sequence and the type of carbon black were studied on masticated and milled natural rubber in which the reaction was observed by un-reacted sulfur determination. The results showed that higher vulcanization temperature provided faster vulcanization reaction and greater reaction rate constant. Similarly, the mixing sequence of ingredient and carbon black into rubber influenced the rate of vulcanization reaction. The subsequent ingredients mixing sequence, in this case, resulted in higher vulcanization rate compared to that of the simultaneous one. However, the mixing method of carbon black into rubber brought small effect on the rate of vulcanization reaction. The type of carbon black applied was observed to influence the reaction rate of vulcanization. Smaller particle sizes of carbon black gave larger reaction rate constant. In this case, the type of carbon black N 330 gave faster vulcanization rate than that of N 660.
Transesterification of Coconut Oil Using Dimethyl Carbonate and TiO2/SiO2 Heterogeneous Catalyst
Authors: Pandiangan Kamisah D. , Simanjuntak Wasinton
Published: March 2017

In this study, transesterification of coconut oil with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) for preparing biodiesel has been studied using TiO2/SiO2 as heterogeneous catalyst, with the main purpose to investigate the effect of molar ratio of DMC to oil. The product was analyzed by GC-MS to identify the fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) composting the biodiesel. The significant role of the DMC to oil ratio was observed in this study, in which the oil conversion was found to increase with increasing molar ratio of DMC : Oil, with the highest percent of conversion of 88.44%. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of methyl esters in accordance with the composition of coconut oil commonly reported. Formation of FAMEs was verified by 1H-NMR spectroscopic analysis, which also suggested that some of the fatty acids remain unconverted into biodiesel. The biodiesel produced was found to have kinematic viscosity of 2.4 mm2/S at 40 °C, flash point of 103 °C, and cetane number of 54.
EXTRACTION OF STRONTIUM(II) BY CROWN ETHER: INSIGHTS FROM DENSITY FUNCTIONAL CALCULATION
Authors: Hadisaputra Saprizal , Pranowo Harno Dwi , Armunanto Ria
Published: March 2017

The structures, energetic and thermodynamic parameters of crown ethers with different cavity size, electron donating/withdrawing substituent groups and donor atoms have been determined with density functional method at B3LYP level of theory in gas and solvent phase. Small core quasi-relativistic effective core potentials was used together with the accompanying SDD basis set for Sr2+ and DZP basis set was used for crown ether atoms. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis was evaluated to characterize the distribution of electrons on the complexes. The interaction energy is well correlated with the values of Strontium charge after complexation, the second order interaction energies (E2) and HOMO-LUMO energy gab (∆Egab). The interaction energy and thermodynamics parameters in gas phase are reduced in solvent phase as the solvent molecules weaken the metal-crown ether interaction. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that less feasibility to extract Sr2+ ion directly from pure water without presence of organic solvent. The theoretical values of extraction energy for Sr(NO3)2 salt from aqueous solution in different organic solvent is validated by the experimental trend. This study would have strong contribution in planning the experiments to the design of specific host ligand and screening of solvent for extraction of metal ion.
VIRTUAL SEARCHING OF DUMMY TEMPLATE FOR SINENSETIN BASED ON 2D MOLECULAR SIMILARITY USING CHEMDB TOOL
Authors: Tahir Iqmal , Ahmad Mohd Noor , Islam AKM Shafiqul , Arbain Dachyar
Published: March 2017

Sinensetin-like molecules have been searched virtually to find a dummy template for Molecular Imprinted Polymer (MIP) synthesis. The aim of this study is to find a novel adsorbent for Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) of sinensetin based on tailored method using dummy template. Virtual searching was done using ChemDB online chemical database containing 5 million commercially available chemicals. Sinensetin as target was converted into SMILES code then it was run with threshold of molecular similarity score of 0.5. There were 90 chemical structures given as the output mainly flavone analogue, three flavonols and several non-flavonoid compounds. The suggested results are three dummy templates that derived from luteolin (flavon) or quercetin (flavonol) with slight alteration by methoxylation process.
TRANSPORT OF PHENOL THROUGH INCLUSION POLYMER MEMBRANE (PIM) USING COPOLY(EUGENOL-DVB) AS MEMBRANE CARRIERS
Authors: Kiswandono Agung Abadi , Siswanta Dwi , Aprilita Nurul Hidayat , Santosa Sri Juari
Published: March 2017

Copoly(eugenol-DVB) with DVB composition of 2%, 6% and 12% had been prepared and characterized by FTIR spectroscopy. The copolymers were used as membrane carriers for the transport of phenol using the polymer inclusion membranes (PIM) based on polyvinylchloride (PVC) as membrane support. The experimental conditions for investigation of the transport of phenol through the membranes were pH of the source phase, NaOH concentration in the stripping phase, membrane thickness, phenol concentration and transport time. The results showed that the optimum condition for phenol transport was achieved on the membrane based on copoly(eugenol-DVB) 12% with the transport efficiency of 75.6% at pH of the source phase of 4.5, NaOH concentration of 0.25 M and transport time of 48 h. The reaction follows first order kinetics with mass transfer coefficient (k) of 1.02×10-5 m/s and permeability (Ps) of 8.5×10-6 m/s.
SYNTHESIS OF POLY(ACRYLAMIDE-CO-ACRYLIC ACID)-STARCH BASED SUPERABSORBENT HYDROGELS BY GAMMA RADIATION: STUDY ITS SWELLING BEHAVIOR
Authors: Erizal Erizal
Published: March 2017

Modification of poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) superabsorbent hydrogels with varying starch concentration (1-3%) via simultaneous gamma radiation have been carried out. The structure and morphology of copolymers were characterization by Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The gel fraction, swelling kinetics and the equilibrium degree of swelling (EDS) of the hydrogels were studied. It was found that the an increase in the starch content present in the hydrogels (1-3%) and with increase irradiation dose  from 10 kGy up to 30 kGy, the swelling ratio decreased from 250-100 g/g. Incorporation of 1% starch increases the EDS of the hydrogels up 350 g/g. Under maximum conditions, poly(AAm-co-AA)-starch hydrogels with high gel fraction (~93%) was prepared from aqueous solution containing 5% AAm, 15% acrylic acid and 0-3% starch. The hydrogels were sensitive against salts solution.
KINETIC INVESTIGATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE, ACETIC ACID, ACRYLIC ACID FORMATION ON DILUTED AND LEACHED MoVTeNb CATALYST
Authors: Widi Restu Kartiko
Published: March 2017

Reaction kinetics for the oxidation of propane over diluted-leached MoVTeNb is described. This paper is focused on the study of determination of the orders of carbon dioxide, acetic acid and acrylic acid formation. Deep oxidation of propane to carbon dioxide is first order with respect to hydrocarbon, and partial order (0.31) with respect to oxygen. The selective oxidation of propane to acrylic acid is partial order (0.49) with respect to hydrocarbon and partial order (0.09) with respect to oxygen.
CONSTRUCTION AND OPTIMIZATION OF STRUCTURE-BASED VIRTUAL SCREENING PROTOCOLS TO IDENTIFY CYCLOOXYGENASE-1 INHIBITORS USING OPEN BABEL, SPORES AND PLANTS
Authors: Istyastono Enade Perdana
Published: March 2017

Structure-Based Virtual Screening (SBVS) protocols to identify cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors have been constructed and optimized based on their Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values of the docked pose and the crystal structure pose of the reference ligand. Employing a COX-1 structure obtained from the Protein Data Bank (pdb) with code 2OYE as the reference protein and PLANTS1.2 as the molecular docking simulation program, the SBVS protocols were mainly built. The preparation steps involved SPORES and Open Babel, while the results analysis involved PyMOL to calculate the RMSD and R computational statistics software to perform the statistics calculations. The results show that these construction and optimization processes could provide an SBVS protocol to identify COX-1 inhibitors that is accurately able to redock the reference ligand with the RMSD value of 0.633 Å.
ISOLATION ANTHOCYANIN FROM ROSELLE PETALS (Hibiscus sabdariffa L) AND THE EFFECT OF LIGHT ON THE STABILITY
Authors: Nuryanti Siti , Matsjeh Sabirin , Anwar Chairil , Raharjo Tri Joko
Published: March 2017

This study was conducted to isolate anthocyanins from roselle petals and testing the stability toward light. Isolation of anthocyanin was accomplished by extracting roselle petals using eluents with different polarity levels. Nonpolar compounds was eliminated using n-hexane, then semipolar compounds extracted with ethyl acetate and isolated anthocyanin by solvent mixtures of methanol-HCl 0.5%. Color test to determine the presence of anthocyanin was performed with NH3 vapor, Pb-acetate 1% and Pb-nitrate 5%. The structure of anthocyanin in the roselle flower was determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FT-IR and 1H-NMR. Anthocyanin stability test of the influence of light carried out in a room without light conditions (dark room) and light 25 Watt at 31 °C. The results showed that the roselle petals contain anthocyanin cyanidin-3-glucoside. Light has been found to affect the stability of anthocyanin cyanidin-3-glucoside.
IN VITRO ACTIVITY AND COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF SOME ORGANOTIN(IV) BENZOATE DERIVATIVES AGAINST LEUKEMIA CANCER CELL, L-1210
Authors: Hadi Sutopo , Rilyanti Mita , Suharso Suharso
Published: March 2017

A series of dibutyl-, diphenyl- and triphenyltin(IV) benzoate derivatives has been prepared. The products were obtained by reacting the dibutyltin(IV) dichloride, diphenyltin(IV) dichloride and triphenyltin(IV) chloride respectively via the dibutyltin(IV) oxide, diphenyltin(IV) dihydroxide and triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide with benzoate acid and its derivative. The targeted compounds have been tested with anticancer activity against leukemia cancer cell, L-1210. The compounds synthesized were well characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopies as well as based on the microanalytical data. The results showed that triphenyltin(IV) benzoate and its derivative prepared exhibit higher anticancer activity than those of dibutyltin(IV) and diphenyltin(IV) analogous.
SECONDARY METABOLITE FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI Aspergillus niger OF THE STEM BARK OF KANDIS GAJAH (Garcinia griffithii)
Authors: Elfita Elfita , Muharni Muharni , Munawar Munawar , Aryani Septa
Published: March 2017

Garcinia griffithii are known as kandis gajah including the Garcinia genus. This plant has been traditionally used by local communities Sarasah Bonta, Lembah Arau, West Sumatra, to treat various diseases including gout. Aspergillus niger was isolated from the tissues of the stem bark of Garcinia griffithii. The fungi strain was identified base on colony and cell morphology characteristic. Aspergillus niger cultured in media 5L Potatos Dextose Broth (PDB) for 8 weeks and filtered. Media that already contains secondary metabolites are partitioned using ethyl acetate solvent in 5 L (twice), followed by evaporation. Furthermore, the extract is separated by chromatographic techniques to obtain a pure compound of white crystal. The molecular structures of isolated compounds are determined by spectroscopic methods including IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC, and COSY. The compound was determined as phenolic (1).
EFFECT OF THE ION TREATMENT ON AN RNA HAIRPIN: MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY
Authors: Widjajakusuma Elisabeth Catherina , Villa Alessandra , Stock Gerhard
Published: March 2017

Molecular dynamics has been employed to study the effect of ion treatment on the stability of 14-nucleotide RNA hairpin of Coxsackievirus B3. Three AMBER force fields were used: AMBER94, AMBER98, and AMBER99, which showed no significant structural difference of the hairpin. Thereafter, we applied two different long-range electrostatic treatments that were reaction field and PME methods, and calculated the distribution of ions around the hairpin. Although the structural stabilities of the MD simulations using both methods were similar in 0.14 M Na+, ion environment around the hairpin was notably different. In particular, structural stabilition of the hairpin with increasing ion concentration and with ion Mg2+ cannot be accommodated by simulations using reaction field method. Furthermore, the MD simulations using PME method suggested the strong similarity in structural and dynamical properties of the hairpin with 0.14 M Na+, 0.50 M Na+, 1,03 M Na+, and 0.08 M Mg2+ concentrations. However, the simulations revealed different ion occupations of Na+ and Mg2+.
THE METHOD DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYSIS Cd, Cu, Pb AND Zn IN SEA WATER BY ABSORPTIVE STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY (ASV) IN THE PRESENCE OF CALCON AS COMPLEXING AGENT
Authors: Deswati Deswati , Suyani Hamzar , Safni Safni
Published: March 2017

A sensitive and selective absorptive stripping voltammetric (AdSV) method to determine Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) in sea water is proposed. The aim of this study was to get optimum condition for the determination of Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II). Absorptive stripping voltammetry has been used for ultra trace determination of Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) using calcon as a complexing agent (ligand). In this case, the optimum conditions were reached at 0.1 M KCl supporting electrolyte, concentration of 0.5 mM calcon for Cd(II), Cu(II) 0.3 mM while 0.7 mM for Pb(II) and Zn(II), pH 6 for Cu(II) and pH 7 for Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), accumulation potential -0.5 V for Cu(II) and Pb(II) and -0.6 V for Cd(II) and Zn(II) and accumulation time 70 sec for Cd(II), 90 sec for Cu(II) and Pb (II) while 50 s for Zn(II). At the optimum condition the relative standard deviations were 7.80%, 4.25%, 8.70% and 0.86% for Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) respectively for eight replicates (n = 8) measurements of 10 μg/L Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II). The method was applied for the direct determination of Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) in sea water around Bungus, Padang City. Concentration Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) in sample were 13.200 μg /L for Cd(II), 17.200 μg/L for Cu(II), 0.089 μg/L for Pb(II) and 62.000 μg/L for Zn(II) with recovery of 98.68%, 97.99%, 96.17% and 99.96% for Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively.
IN VITRO BIOACTIVITY TEST OF IRRADIATED MAHKOTA DEWA BARK [Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.] AGAINST HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES
Authors: Winarno Ermin Katrin
Published: March 2017

Gamma irradiation has been used to preserve an herbal medicine, but it has not been known the effects of gamma irradiation on their bioactivity as an anticancer agent yet. In the previous study, the gamma irradiation on mahkota dewa bark with the optimum dose of 7.5 kGy could be used for decontamination of bacteria and fungus/yeast. In this report, the effect of gamma irradiation with the dose of 7.5 kGy on the bioactivities of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl.) bark against leukemia L1210 cells was studied. The control and irradiated samples were successively macerated with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. In the previous results, silica gel column chromatography of ethyl acetate extract of non irradiated sample (control) gave 8 fractions. Among these fractions, fraction 6 indicated the most cytotoxic-potential fraction, so that in this experiment, the ethyl acetate extract of irradiated and non irradiated sample were fractionated with the same manner as previous fractionation. The fraction 6 obtained both from control and irradiated samples were then assayed their inhibitory activities against 4 kinds of human cancer lines, i.e. HeLa, THP-1, HUT-78 and A-549. The results showed that the fraction 6 from control sample gave IC50 values of 3.65, 5.59, 3.55, and 4.06 µg/mL, against HeLa, THP-1, HUT-78 and A-549, respectively, meanwhile fraction 6 from irradiated sample gave IC50 values of 8.26, 7.02, 5.03, and 5.59 µg/mL, respectively. Gamma irradiation dose of 7.5 kGy on mahkota dewa bark could decreased the cytotoxic activity of fraction 6 as the most cytotoxic-potential fraction against HeLa, THP-1, HUT-78 and A-549 cancer cell lines, but decreasing the cytotoxic activity has not exceeded the limit of an extract and the fraction declared inactive. So that the irradiation dose of 7.5 kGy can be use for decontamination of bacteria and fungus/yeast without eliminating the cytotoxic activity.
A STIGMASTEROL GLYCOSIDE FROM THE ROOT WOOD OF Melochia Umbellata (Houtt) Stapf var. degrabrata K.
Authors: Ridhay Ahmad , Noor Alfian , Soekamto Nunuk H. , Harlim Tjodi , Van Altena Ian
Published: March 2017

A stigmasterol glycoside (stigmast-5,22-dien-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) has been isolated from the chloroform fraction of root wood of Melochia umbellata (Houtt) Stapf var. degrabrata K. The compound structure was determined on spectroscopic evidences including IR, 1D and 2D NMR and compared to previous data. The isolate was also active against Aspergillus niger.
Urine Kidney Injury Biomarkers and Risks of Cardiovascular Disease Events and All-Cause Death: The CRIC Study
Authors: Park Meyeon , Hsu Chi-yuan , Go Alan S. , Feldman Harold I. , Xie Dawei , Zhang Xiaoming , Mifflin Theodore , Waikar Sushrut S. , Sabbisetti Venkata S. , Bonventre Joseph V. , Coresh Josef , Nelson Robert G. , Kimmel Paul L. , Kusek John W. , Rahman Mahboob , Schelling Jeffrey R. , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Liu Kathleen D. ,   on behalf of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study Investigators,   the CKD Biomarkers Consortium
Published: March 2017

Background and objectives

CKD is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death. We investigated whether select urine kidney injury biomarkers were associated with higher risk of heart failure (HF), CVD, and death in persons with CKD enrolled in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Urine kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, liver fatty acid-binding protein, and N-acetyl-β-
d-glucosaminidase were measured in urine of a subset of CRIC participants (n=2466). We used Cox proportional hazards regression to examine associations between these biomarkers indexed to urinary creatinine (Cr) and (1) HF, (2) a composite of atherosclerotic CVD events (myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or peripheral artery disease), and (3) all-cause death.

Results

At baseline, mean age of study participants was 59.5±10.8 years, 46% were women, and 34% had a self-reported history of any CVD. Median follow-up was 6.5 (interquartile range, 5.6–6.8) years. A total of 333 HF events, 282 atherosclerotic CVD events, and 440 deaths were observed during a median follow-up of 6.5 (interquartile range, 5.6–6.8) years. Those in the highest two quintiles of KIM-1/Cr levels had a higher risk of HF relative to the lowest quintile (quintile 5 versus quintile 1 adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] of 1.73 [95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 2.85]). N-acetyl-β-
d-glucosaminidase/Cr was associated with HF in continuous analyses (aHR per log SD higher 1.18 [95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.38]). Only KIM-1/Cr was independently associated with atherosclerotic CVD events (aHR per log SD higher 1.21 [95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.41]), whereas both KIM-1/Cr (quintile 5 versus quintile 1 aHR of 1.56 [95% confidence interval, 1.06 to 2.31]) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin/Cr (quintile 5 versus quintile 1 aHR of 1.82 [95% confidence interval, 1.19 to 2.8]) were associated with all-cause death.

Conclusions

Selected urine kidney injury biomarkers were independently associated with higher risk of HF, CVD events, and death in CRIC. Among the biomarkers examined, only KIM-1/Cr was associated with each outcome. Further work is needed to determine the utility of these biomarkers to improve risk prediction for these adverse outcomes.
Efeitos dos tricotecenos na avicultura e métodos de controle
Authors: Janaína Scaglioni Reis
Published: March 2017

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of fungal metabolism and are formed during grain production and storage. The presence of mycotoxins in agricultural production, and animal and human health results in economic losses and health problems, hence it has received more attention these days.There are several types of mycotoxins produced by particular fungi, which trichothecenes: T2 toxin, deoxynivalenol (DON) and diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), and aflatoxins are the groupsresponsable for the most losses in poultry production, mainly due to immunosuppression in animals.Only a few studies were found concerning the effects of trichothecenes in poultry production. There are still no definitive parameters related to the exact amount of trichothecenes which are harmful for birds, especially concerning DON.An alternative option to minimize the effects of mycotoxins is the insertion of antimicotoxins additives at poultry diets, reducing economic losses and their impact on animal and human health.This paper aims to present the resulting effects from ingestion of diets contaminated with trichothecenes on poultry performance and metabolism, as well as its economic impact and effects on human health, also presenting methods to control trichothecenes on their diet.
Principais causas de condenação de rins de bovinos que foram abatidos no Matadouro Municipal de Itabuna, Bahia
Authors: Tigre Jéssica
Published: March 2017

Inspection of cattle slaughterhouses is important because knowledge of conditions found during slaughter allows the selection of carcasses that have better quality and diagnosis of diseases that can be transmitted by consumption. It was accompanied by the slaughter of cattle in 1002 in the City of Slaughterhouse Itabuna, Bahia. 2004 kidneys were evaluated, of whom 980 were convicted. The slaughtered animals were aged between 24 and 36 months, and there was no difference between males and females. Found during the evaluation of diseases of the kidneys, the more frequent bladder weakness corresponding to cysts (45.9%), followed by lesions characteristics of nephritis (38.7%). Other convictions occurred due to circulatory changes as congestion (10.2%) and stroke (5.2%). There were no convictions caused by error handling parts. This work aimed to describe the main reasons for condemnation of kidneys from cattle that were slaughtered at the Municipal Abattoir Itabuna, Bahia, through macroscopic evaluation during the sanitary inspection.
Acidente vascular cerebral em cão – Relato de caso
Authors: Ferreira Luiz
Published: March 2017

A male dog, German shepherd, aged 14, was treated at the CECCA - PUC Betim (Animal Clinic and Surgery), with prostration, decreased appetite, and in lateral recumbency. Clinical examination revealed hyperthermia, severe dehydration, tachycardia, moist rattle, secretion bilateral nostrils, cachexia, and increased reflexes in the hindlimbs. Starting clinical signs was suspected: Stroke, Distemper and Tumor Cerebral. The cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is a rare disease in dogs and is usually caused by ischemia or bleeding within the brain parenchyma. The diagnosis is based primarily on neurological signs, delirium, coma, paralysis, unilateral or bilateral, was confirmed by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, or only a tissue diagnosis and autopsy. Treatment includes prevention of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and after the framework installed, you can make use of thrombolytics, vasodilators, cerebral, steroids and vitamin B complex Concluded that the histopathological differential diagnosis is essential for distemper, brain neoplasms
Epidemiologia das helmintoses gastrointestinais em bovinos
Authors: FABIANO COSTA SANTILIANO
Published: March 2017

The gastrointestinal helminths are etiologic agents which have a great important in the decreasing of bovine’s livestock productivity. Among the factors that affect the development of the cattle raising, the gastrointestinal and pulmonary helminthosis are really important as long as they cause economical waste related to the low rates of herd’s productivity, delay on animal’s growing, increased mortality rates of young cattle and excessive spending with management and medicaments. The gastrointestinal parasitism of bovines are often associated to the high numbers of animals in the farm and also to the intensive systems of handling, principally at the dairy cattle. However, talking about ruminants, the nutritional standards and particularly availability of minerals and proteins is an important factor in the optimization of animal’s productivity, interposing in the pathogeny and in the immune response of harborers to the gastrointestinal infections caused by nematodes. The effects of this parasitism in animal production can be reduced by changes in pasture control and application of anti-helmintics. For the success of this procedure, it is necessary to know the biology of the parasites of the region that is going to be studied. One stage of this parasite’s cycle occurs in the environment and many factors are involved in the development and survival of larvas in the pasture and in the maintenance of infection at the animals, such as: climatic and genetical factors and pasturage peculiarities. This revision aims to make an epidemiologic weighing of the main species of gastrointestinal helminths that attack bovines in tropical climate, availing helminthosis prevalence in animal population according to the age-group and to the interaction of this parasites with the economical wastes in bovine pecuary.
Condimentos e especiarias empregados no processamento de alimentos: considerações a respeito de seu controle físico-químico
Authors: Teste Teste
Published: March 2017

Condiments and spices are used in food processing technology with the purpose of flavor, increase the commercial shelf-life of products, due to its antioxidant action, besides adding value to food, allowing diversification in the market. Besides the benefit of technology, these products provide health benefits for those who consume when used appropriately, stimulating gastric secretion and increasing the tonus of the digestive organs. However, can carry microorganisms and foreign matter, causing health risks to the consumer. For your quality and desirable properties are maintained, it becomes necessary to conduct a rigorous quality control, ensuring the safety of themselves through good agricultural practices, good manufacturing practices, control macroscopic and microscopic, microbiological and physical-chemical properties. The physico-chemical methods are an official tool for monitoring the use of these components used by the food industry. Thus, this literature review gathers information and knowledge about the condiments and spices and the main methods of physico-chemical control to ensure its quality.
Effects of Antenna Characteristics in RFID Systems for Positioning Purposes
Authors: Alaydrus Mudrik , Eibert Thomas
Published: March 2017

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a wireless system designed to identify the presence of objects attached by tags. In recent times, RFID is also used for positioning purposes. We show a scenario of wireless propagation observed by eight antennas with different polarization located in different positions. In this way, the antenna characteristics, i.e. the polarization and diagram radiation of the antennas will play a significant role in producing electromagnetic field in the region. In this work we will use the fingerprinting procedure, with this we produce some data bases containing the electric field received by RFID readers if we located the RFID tag in certain position in region of interest. In this work, two cost functions are proposed, which are to be minimized for determining the position of the tag.
Pengaruh Perilaku Konsumen Mobile Internet Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Paket Layanan Data Unlimited Internet CDMA di DKI Jakarta
Authors: Noviyarto Handy
Published: March 2017

Teknologi GSM dan CDMA menjadi pilihan bagi pasar potensial bagipenyedia jasa operator jaringan telekomunikasi di Indonesia. Terustumbuhnya pasar internet membuat operator telekomunikasi giatberlomba memasarkan paket-paket jasa layanan data internet. Operatoroperatortelekomunikasi GSM ataupun CDMA seperti tak mau kalahmenawarkan paket-paket internet tersebut. Paket Mobile internet yanglagi menjadi trend dan menjadi komiditi produk andalan dari beberapaoperator Telekomunikasi untuk menawarkan dan mendapatkanpelanggan internet sebanyak mungkin adalah dengan menawarkan paketlayanan data “Unlimited Internet”. Keputusan pembelian konsumensangat dipengaruhi oleh perilaku pembelian dari konsumen tersebut.Adapun perilaku pembelian konsumen dapat diukur dari empat faktoryaitu faktor budaya(X1), sosial(X2), pribadi(X3) dan psikologi(X4).Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini melakukan analisa dari keempat faktortersebut, agar dapat diketahui apakah semua faktor tersebut berpengaruh,bagaimana hubungan dan seberapa besar pengaruhnya,serta faktor apayang paling berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian. Penelitiandibatasi hanya pengguna dari operator telekomunikasi CDMA yangmenyediakan jasa layanan paket data Unlimited Internet, denganmenggunakan metode penelitian bersifat deskriptif dan kuantatif. Teknikpengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner . Teknikanalisa data menggunakan uji validitas dan reliabilitas, regresi berganda, uji F dan uji t dengan bantuan software SPSS 16.0.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bahwa variabel faktorPsikologi(X4) dengan t hitung sebesar 3,608 memiliki pengaruh palingbesar/dominan/signifikan dalam keputusan pembelian paket layanandata unlimited internet CDMA di DKI Jakarta (dapat dibuktikan).
Pengaruh Persepsi Kualitas Pelayanan, Faktor Penambat Dan Kualitas Hubungan Relasional Terhadap Kepuasan Dan Loyalitas Pelanggan: Suatu Penelitian Pada Penyedia Jasa Telepon Selular Di Jawa Barat
Authors: Segoro Waseso
Published: March 2017

Menurunnya kepuasan dan loyalitas pelanggan perlu dipahami karenakedua hal tersebut merupakan penentu bagi kinerja perusahaan jasatelekomunikasi seluler. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan danloyalitas pelanggan adalah persepsi kualitas pelayanan, faktor penambatdan kualitas hubungan relasional secara simultan. Berdasarkan datayang dikumpulkan pada delapan Perguruan Tinggi di Bandung, penulismengidenifikasikan bahwa faktor penyebab kepuasan dan loyalitaspelanggan yang utama adalah persepsi kualitas pelayanan sedangkanfaktor penambat tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap kepuasanpelanggan, namun hanya sebagai variabel moderator saja terhadaphubungan antara persepsi kualitas pelayanan dan kualitas hubunganrelasional dengan kepuasan pelanggan. Kualitas hubungan relasionaljuga tidak secara langsung berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pelanggan.Persepsi kualitas pelayanan dan kualitas hubungan relasionalberpengaruh langsung terhadap loyalitas pelanggan.
Analisis Penanganan Carding dan Perlindungan Nasabah dalam Kaitannya dengan Undang- Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik no.11 Tahun 2008
Authors: Panjaitan Leonard Tiopan
Published: March 2017

Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) secara langsung dan tidaklangsung berpotensi melahirkan kejahatan-kejahatan siber (Cybercrime)khususnya Carding. UU ITE No.11 tahun 2008 merupakan jaminankepastian hukum yang akan membuat seluruh aktivitas pemanfaatanTIK di dalam negeri terlindungi dengan baik dari potensi kejahatan danpenyalahgunaan teknologi. Kepastian hukum ini juga harus dirasakanoleh pelaku industri kartu kredit termasuk kastemer. Dengan cara inimaka bertransaksi di internet dengan menggunakan kartu kredit sebagaialat pembayaran dapat berlangsung secara aman dan nyaman.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatifdengan tambahan analisa data statistik untuk mengkaji penanganancarding di Bank X. Pada prakteknya UU ITE No.11 tahun 2008 dapatmenjadi landasan penegakan hukum yang baru di bidang kartu kredityang pemakaiannya dalam bidang pembayaran sudah semakin meluasterutama pada perdagangan elektronik (e-commerce). Untuk itu perlusegera diupayakan sosialisasi UU ITE No.11 tahun 2008 ke seluruhpemangku kepentingan untuk melindungi industri kartu kredit darikejahatan kerah putih.
Simulasi Filter Lolos Bawah dengan Teknologi Mikrostrip menggunakan Software Sonnet
Authors: Alaydrus Mudrik
Published: March 2017

Filter memainkan peranan yang penting dalam pemrosesan data. Didalam teknik telekomunikasi, filter memilih sinyal terima/pancar yangdiinginkan dengan membuang sinyal lainnya. Filter lolos bawahmemiliki karakteristik membuang sinyal yang berfrekuensi lebih tinggidari frekuensi cut-off-nya. Salah satu aplikasi penting dari filter lolosbawah ini adalah sebagai filter lanjutan dari sebuah filter bandpass,sehingga harmonis yang dihasilkan oleh filter bandpass ini bisa dibuang.Di penelitian ini dirancang filter lolos bawah dalam teknologi mikrostripdengan metoda step-impedansi, yaitu dengan memadukan mikrostripberimpedansi tinggi dan mikrostrip yang berimpedansi rendah dengansuatu panjang tertentu. Di sini juga diperhatikan proses kompensasipanjang mikrostrip yang diakibatkan oleh keberadaan efek komponen disekitarnya, sehingga dengan kompensasi ini, frekuensi cut-off yangditetapkan pada saat pemberikan spesifikasi bisa dicapai lebih akurat.Dalam simulasi filter ordo N=3 dengan aproksimasi Butterworth danChebychev didapatkan hasil simulasi yang cukup baik, terbentukkompensasi menggeser kembali frekuensi cut-off ke tempat yangseharusnya (lebih tinggi). Dalam implementasi filter lolos bawah kesistim filter bersama-sama dengan filter bandpass didapatkan hasilproses kompensasi justru memberikan hasil yang lebih burukdibandingkan tanpa, sedangkan pemilihan aproksimasi Butterworth atauChebychev tidak memberikan perbedaan yang signifikan. Perbaikanberupa peredaman sinyal pada frekuensi harmonis, sekitar 6,4 GHzterjadi sekitar 7 dB.
Kinerja Butterworth Low-Pass Filter pada Teknik Modulasi Digital ASK Terhadap Paket Data yang dipengaruhi oleh Derau
Authors: Hidayat Wisnoe Saputro
Published: March 2017

Proses pengiriman data informasi dalam bentuk sinyal digital kedalamsaluran transmisi, dipengaruhi oleh adanya penambahan derau padakanal yang dilaluinya untuk disampaikan ke penerima. Parameter yangdapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki sinyal bandpass yang rusak akibatadanya penambahan derau pada saluran transmisi diantaranya denganfilter sinyal yang berfungsi untuk manapis sinyal yang tidakdikehendaki.Filter sinyal yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Butterworthlow-pass filter, dimana sinyal bandpass yang telah ditambahkan derauakan ditapis dengan cara meneruskan sinyal berfrekuensi rendah danmeredam sinyal berfrekuensi tinggi.Pengujian simulasi perangkat lunak modulasi digital ASK ini bertujuanuntuk mengumpulkan data hasil ujicoba dan menganalisa kinerjaButterworth Low-Pass Filter dalam filtrasi sinyal bandpass yang telahdipengaruhi oleh derau dalam saluran transmisi AWGN, sertamenghitung jumlah Bit Error Rate (BER) dari data yang diterima.
Pemanfaatan Spektrum Digital Dividend Dengan Pendekatan Model Easement
Authors: Vintari Lydia , Alaydrus Mudrik
Published: March 2017

Digital dividend merupakan sebuah dampak yang ditinggalkan akibatproses perpindahan sistem penyiaran televisi analog ke sistem penyiarantelevisi digital. Di banyak Negara sudah banyak penelitian mengenaipenggunaan spectrum digital dividend pada masing-masing Negara.Pada penelitian ini membahas tentang penggunaan spectrum digitaldividend untuk mendukung kesejahteraan rakyat Indonesia. Jikadigabungkan penggunaan aplikasi yang dijalankan para pemegangspectrum secara exlusive dan secondary market, tentunya dapatmemaksimalkan spectrum yang ada. Dengan tetap menjaga dua pakempenggunaan spectrum secara beriringan sejalan adalah konsep easementyang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Setelah dengan pembahasanmengenai penelitian lain mengenai digital dividend serta easement,kemudian kami menganalisa faktor QoS, Utility dan biaya spectrumakses dalam pengaruhnya memberikan variasi kesejahteraan socialdengan menggunakan teori social welfare. Dari hasil yang didapat,peneilitian ini dapat membuktikan faktor yang dirasakan oleh parapengguna seperti QoS dan Utility punya pengaruh penting dibandingkanbiaya akses spectrum frekuensi yang ditanggung oleh pihak serviceprovider.
Analisa Kinerja Revenue Assurance pada Layanan 3G Menggunakan Metode Balanced Scorecard
Authors: Amal Agus Saeful , Krisnadi Iwan
Published: March 2017

Dari berbagai studi yang dilakukan para penyedia jasa telekomunikasimenunjukkan bahwa kehilangan pendapatan yang diakibatkan olehkebocoran tidak lebih dari 3% dari total revenue yang didapatkan.Sementara, sebagian pakar industri dan hasil survey terhadap operatortelekomunikasi menunjukkan kemungkinan kehilangan tersebut berkisarantara 1% sampai 30% dari potensi pendapatan akibat kebocorandengan rata-rata kebocoran 3%. Pada tesis ini akan dicari berapa besarkebocoran revenue yang mungkin terjadi di PT. XYZ. Data diambil darirekaman pelanggan (CDR) yang khusus menggunakan layanan 3G, sertadata keluhan pelanggan. Pengukuran kinerja dilakukan denganpendekatan metode Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Dari hasil scoringdengan Balanced Scorecard diperoleh nilai total 94,96%, dimana nilaitersebut masuk sebagai kategori istimewa/excellent. Hasil yang samadidapatkan oleh hampir semua perpektif BSC, yaitu keuangan, prosesbisnis internal, dan pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan. Hanya perpektifpelanggan yang belum mencapai target KPI, walaupun masih masuksebagai kategori baik, yaitu 78,89%.
Strategi Pemasaran Produk VSAT Kuband Pada Layanan Internet dengan Pendekatan Analisa Five Porters dan Fuzzy SWOT
Authors: Nurcahyono Nurcahyono , Segoro Waseso , Bakara Minarminata Vera
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menganalisa posisi produk Kuband VSATpada pasar internet di Indonesia dengan menggunakan analisa FivePorters dan untuk menentukan pilihan strategi pengembanganpemasaran produk VSAT Kuband dengan menggunakan analisa FuzzySWOT. Obyek penelitian dilakukan pada PT. X di Indonesia denganmenggunakan data kuesioner dari tujuh responden yang memilikikompetensi di bidang VSAT Kuband. Hasil analisa menggunakan FivePorters menerangkan bahwa peluang produk VSAT Kuband cukupkompetitif dengan nilai Middle. Untuk hambatan faktor eksternalterbesar adalah ancaman dari pesaing (83%) dan ancaman produksubstitusi (57%). Hasil analisia Fuzzy SWOT menempatkan koordinatmatriks SWOT dalam posisi Threats Weakness (-0,64, -1,05) untukkondisi Pesimis, dalam posisi Strength Opportunity (1,74, 1,73) untukkondisi Kemungkinan dan dalam posisi Strength Opportunity (2,97,3,08) untuk kondisi optimis. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa produkVSAT Kuband berada dalam kuadran Strength Opportunity (SO). Olehkarena itu strategi pemasaran yang agresif dengan menggunakanKekuatan untuk memanfaatkan Peluang yang ada dapat diterapkan.
Desain Sistem SCADA Untuk Peningkatan Pelayanan Pelanggan Dan Efisiensi Operasional Sistem Tenaga Listrik di APJ Cirebon
Authors: Soleh Muhammad
Published: March 2017

Pada sistem kelistrikan terdapat banyak macam-macam pelanggan dengan tingkat yang berbeda-beda, hal tersebut dapat menimbulkan kerumitan dalam pengoperasian dan pelayanan. Sistem tersebut dibangun dari keadaan yang sederhana, yang kemudian berkembang sesuai kebutuhan beban. Sampai pada saat ini sistem dirasakan sudah demikian besar dan sudah demikian komplek. Setiap aktifitas membutuhkan peningkatan pelayanan pelanggan dan efisiensi opersionalnya. Terdapat dua hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam pengelolaan tersebut. Pertama komumikasi data untuk pengolahan informasi, kedua teknologi komunikasi yang dapat mentransver data-data untuk operasi sistem. Dalam situasi seperti ini, pengelolaan secara konvensional jelastidak dapat mengcover kebutuhan sehingga dapat berakibat terhadap mutu pelayanan. Perkembangan teknologi dan informasi telah membawa era baru dalam semua aspek kehidupan. Dalam sistem ketenagalistrikan perkembangan informasi juga membawa pengaruh yang sangat besar. Pengelolaan sistem ketenagagalistrikan di negara-negara maju telah menggunakan sistem SCADA berbasis digital telah memberikan alternative pengeloaaan yang sangat efektif dan efesien. Pada Penelitian ini SCADA digunakan sebagai software untuk mengolah data pada Rekloser sistem SCADA dengan tujuan untuk Peningkatan Pelayanan Pelanggan dan Efisiensi Operasional Ketenagalistrikan di Wilayah Area pelayanan jaringan Cirebon.
Pergeseran Transmission Zeros Akibat Perubahan Komponen Penggandeng Silang
Authors: Alaydrus Mudrik
Published: March 2017

Filter memainkan peranan yang penting dalam pemprosesan data. Di dalam teknik telekomunikasi, filter memilih sinyal terima/pancar yang diinginkan dengan membuang sinyal lainnya. Filter digunakan untuk memisahkan sinyal-sinyal yang memiliki frekuensi yang berbeda. Filter digunakan untuk memilih atau membatasi sinyal frekuensi radio atau gelombang mikro ini dalam batas spektral yang telah disepakati. Aplikasi-aplikasi telekomunikasi yang muncul memberikan batasan-batasan yang sangat kritis, sehingga spesifikasi filter yang diberikan memiliki kinerja yang sangat tinggi, seperti performansi yang lebih tinggi, fungsionalitas yang lebih, kemampuan untuk bisa di-tuning, bisa direkonfigurasi, ukuran yang mini, bobot yang ringan serta bisa diproduksi dengan biaya yang rendah. Pendekatan Butterworth dan Chebychev dalam mendapatkan spesifikasi filter adalah cara awal yang diperkenalkan melalui teknik penggandengan langsung antar resonator, baik dalam teknologi koaxial, waveguide ataupun mikrostrip. Teknik penggandengan secara silang antara resonator yang tidak saling berdekatan memperbaiki selektivitas filter di sekitar wilayah transisi lolos dan stop karena kemunculan transmission zeros (TZ). Tergantung dari jenis penggandengan silang ini, induktif ataupun kapasitif, dan tergantung dari nilai komponennya, TZ akan memiliki suatu posisi-posisi tertentu. Penggandengan silang simetris memberikan TZ ganda di bagian atas dan bawah dari wilayah lolos, sedangkan penggandengan silang asimetris hanya memberikan TZ tunggal, di sebelah atas wilayah lolos untuk penggandeng induktif dan sebelah bawah untuk penggandeng kapasitif. Nilai kapasitor atau induktor ini berada pada suatu interval tertentu sehingga dihasilkan faktor transmisi yang sesuai dengan spesifikasi kerja dari filter
Analisa Kinerja VoIP Client dengan Menggunakan Modul RTP Terenkripsi dan SRTP pada Jaringan VoIP
Authors: Prastiawan Hendra
Published: March 2017

Seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi telekomunikasi dan komputer, banyak aplikasi-aplikasi yang mendukung komunikasi telepon melalui jaringan internet tumbuh dan berkembang. Layanan yang dimaksud adalah Voice over Internet Protocol atau biasa disebut dengan VoIP. VoIP yang menggunakan server-server gratis yang ada saat ini tidaklah menjamin keamanan dari sebuah percakapan yang dilakukan didalamnya. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan sebuah VoIP Client yang dapat mengamankan data komunikasi tersebut. Walaupun sekarang sudah tersedia sebuah protokol aman dalam VoIP yang disebut SRTP atau Secure Real-Time Protocol, namun hal tersebut perlu dilakukan pengujian lebih lanjut dari kualitas layanan dengan membandingkan protokol tersebut dengan sebuah protokol biasa yang ditambahkan sebuah algoritma enkripsi untuk mengetahui kinerja protokol yang lebih baik digunakan dalam VoIP tersebut. Algoritma yang akan ditambahkan dalam protocol tersebut yaitu algoritma AES (Advanced Encryption Standard).