bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution of TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor phenotype and haplotypes among COVID-19 patients
Authors: Risso D. , Carmagnola D. , Morini G. , Pellegrini G. , Canciani E. , Antinucci M. , Henin D. , Dellavia C.
Published: May 2022

Bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 is expressed in the respiratory tract and can respond to quorum-sensing molecules produced by pathogens, stimulating the release of nitric oxide, with biocidal activity. TAS2R38 presents two main high-frequency haplotypes: the “taster” PAV and the “non-taster” AVI. Individuals carrying the AVI allele could be at greater risk of infections, including SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of PAV and AVI alleles in COVID-19 patients with severe or non-severe symptoms compared to healthy subjects to further corroborate, or not, the hypothesis that the PAV allele may act as a protecting factor towards SARS-CoV-2 infection while the AVI one may represent a risk factor. After careful selection, 54 individuals were included in the study and underwent genetic analysis and PROP phenotype assessment. Our investigation could not point out at a significant relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms responsible for PROP bitterness and presence/severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as previous studies suggested. Our results uncouple the direct genetic contribution of rs10246939, rs1726866 and rs713598 on COVID-19, calling for caution when proposing a treatment based on TAS2R38 phenotypes.
Dynamic modeling of Nrf2 pathway activation in liver cells after toxicant exposure
Authors: Hiemstra Steven , Fehling-Kaschek Mirjam , Kuijper Isoude A. , Bischoff Luc J. M. , Wijaya Lukas S. , Rosenblatt Marcus , Esselink Jeroen , van Egmond Allard , Mos Jornt , Beltman Joost B. , Timmer Jens , van de Water Bob , Kaschek Daniel
Published: May 2022

Cells are exposed to oxidative stress and reactive metabolites every day. The Nrf2 signaling pathway responds to oxidative stress by upregulation of antioxidants like glutathione (GSH) to compensate the stress insult and re-establish homeostasis. Although mechanisms describing the interaction between the key pathway constituents Nrf2, Keap1 and p62 are widely reviewed and discussed in literature, quantitative dynamic models bringing together these mechanisms with time-resolved data are limited. Here, we present an ordinary differential equation (ODE) based dynamic model to describe the dynamic response of Nrf2, Keap1, Srxn1 and GSH to oxidative stress caused by the soft-electrophile diethyl maleate (DEM). The time-resolved data obtained by single-cell confocal microscopy of green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporters and qPCR of the Nrf2 pathway components complemented with siRNA knock down experiments, is accurately described by the calibrated mathematical model. We show that the quantitative model can describe the activation of the Nrf2 pathway by compounds with a different mechanism of activation, including drugs which are known for their ability to cause drug induced liver-injury (DILI) i.e., diclofenac (DCF) and omeprazole (OMZ). Finally, we show that our model can reveal differences in the processes leading to altered activation dynamics amongst DILI inducing drugs.
Topography inversion in scanning tunneling microscopy of single-atom-thick materials from penetrating substrate states
Authors: Park Changwon , Yoon Mina
Published: May 2022

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is one of the indispensable tools to characterize surface structures, but the distinction between atomic geometry and electronic effects based on the measured tunneling current is not always straightforward. In particular, for single-atomic-thick materials (graphene or boron nitride) on metallic substrates, counterintuitive phenomena such as a larger tunneling current for insulators than for metal and a topography opposite to the atomic geometry are reported. Using first-principles density functional theory calculations combined with analytical modeling, we reveal the critical role of penetrating states of metallic substrates that surpass 2D material states, hindering the measurement of intrinsic 2D materials states and leading to topography inversion. Our finding should be instrumental in the interpretation of STM topographies of atomic-thick materials and in the development of 2D material for (opto)electronic and various quantum applications.
Impact of environmental variables on yield related traits and bioactive compounds of the Persian fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) populations
Authors: Rajabihashjin Masoumeh , Zeinalabedini Mehrshad , Asghari Ali , Ghaffari Mohammad Reza , Salekdeh Ghasem Hosseini
Published: May 2022

Trigonella foenum-graecum is widely distributed worldwide and grown under a wide range of climatic conditions. The current research was conducted to study the effects of the environmental variables on yield related traits and metabolite contents of 50 different Persian fenugreeks at various geographical locations. Accordingly, multivariate statistical techniques including canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), hierarchical clustering on principal components, and partial least squares regression (PLSR) were applied to determine important proxy variables and establish a relevant model to predict bioactive compounds in fenugreeks. The interrelation of clustered groups emphasized the importance of functional groups of bioactive compounds and several yield related traits. The CCA indicated that two climatic variables of temperature and solar irradiation contributed prominently to 4-hydroxyisoleucine accumulation. The predicted model based on PLSR revealed climatic variables such as temperature, solar, and rain. The precursor of isoleucine was the predictive power for 4-hydroxyisoleucine accumulation while seed weight predicted trigonelline content. The current study's findings may provide helpful information for the breeding strategies of this multipurpose crop.
Characteristics of responders to atropine 0.01% as treatment in Asian myopic children
Authors: Lee Lung-Chi , Hsieh Meng-Wei , Chen Yi-Hao , Chen Po-Liang , Chien Ke-Hung
Published: May 2022

Recently, low-concentration atropine (0.01%) has gained increased attention in controlling myopia progression with satisfying effects and minimal side effects. However, studies concerning responders to 0.01% atropine are limited. This retrospective observational cohort study aimed to determine the responder characteristics of 0.01% atropine in Asian children. One hundred forty children (aged between 3 and 15 years) receiving 0.01% atropine were analyzed for the factors influencing annual spherical equivalent changes (SE). The mean age was 9.13 (2.6) years, the mean baseline SE was − 1.56 (1.52) diopters (D), and the mean annual SE change was − 0.52 (0.49) D. A 58.63% responder rate (146/249) of myopic control was achieved with 0.01% atropine in our entire cohort under the criteria of less than 0.5 D of myopic progression annually. The subjects were stratified into 4 subgroups based on a cut-off point of baseline SE of − 1.5 D and baseline age of 9 years. The responder rate differed significantly with the highest being the youngest with the lowest myopia subgroups. Our results demonstrated that children with myopia better than − 1.5 D and younger than 9 years had the highest potential to achieve successful myopic control under 0.01% atropine therapy.
Effect of nutritional calcium and phosphate loading on calciprotein particle kinetics in adults with normal and impaired kidney function
Authors: Tiong Mark K. , Cai Michael M. X. , Toussaint Nigel D. , Tan Sven-Jean , Pasch Andreas , Smith Edward R.
Published: May 2022

Plasma approaches metastability with respect to its calcium and phosphate content, with only minor perturbations in ionic activity needed to sustain crystal growth once nucleated. Physiologically, calcium and phosphate are intermittently absorbed from the diet each day, yet plasma concentrations of these ions deviate minimally post-prandially. This implies the existence of a blood-borne mineral buffer system to sequester calcium phosphates and minimise the risk of deposition in the soft tissues. Calciprotein particles (CPP), endogenous mineral-protein colloids containing the plasma protein fetuin-A, may fulfill this function but definitive evidence linking dietary mineral loading with their formation is lacking. Here we demonstrate that CPP are formed as a normal physiological response to feeding in healthy adults and that this occurs despite minimal change in conventional serum mineral markers. Further, in individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), in whom mineral handling is impaired, we show that both fasting and post-prandial levels of CPP precursors are markedly augmented and strongly inversely correlated with kidney function. This study highlights the important, but often neglected, contribution of colloidal biochemistry to mineral homeostasis and provides novel insight into the dysregulation of mineral metabolism in CKD.
Non‐fermented tea consumption protects against osteoporosis among Chinese male elders using the Taiwan biobank database
Authors: Hsu Chiao-Lin , Huang Wei-Lun , Chen Hung-Hui , Cheng-Yen Lai Jerry
Published: May 2022

Few studies compared the effects of non-fermented and fermented tea among the general population. We aimed to compare the risk of incident osteoporosis (OP) between non-fermented tea and fermented tea drinkers by this retrospective nationwide population-based analysis from the Taiwan Biobank. Participants ≥ 40 years who drink fermented tea (n = 2205) were compared with those who drink non-fermented tea (n = 1034) from 2008 to 2015 with a mean follow-up period of 3.64 years. OP was defined by T-score ≤ − 2.5. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were performed to estimate the risk of developing OP between the two groups. Separate models were used to determine the relationship between tea consumption and OP stratified by sex and age. There was a significant interaction between sex, age, and type of tea consumed. In men aged ≥ 60 years, the risk of developing OP decreased by 79% for those who drank non-fermented tea (hazard ratio, 0.21; 95% confidence level, 0.05–0.94) than those who drank fermented tea. Additionally, those with a family history of OP had a higher risk of developing osteoporosis. This study suggests that male elderly who consume non-fermented tea have a lower risk of OP. Drinking non-fermented tea, such as green tea, could be suggested, especially for those with a family history of osteoporosis.
Multisensory GPS impact on spatial representation in an immersive virtual reality driving game
Authors: Seminati Laura , Hadnett-Hunter Jacob , Joiner Richard , Petrini Karin
Published: May 2022

Individuals are increasingly relying on GPS devices to orient and find their way in their environment and research has pointed to a negative impact of navigational systems on spatial memory. We used immersive virtual reality to examine whether an audio–visual navigational aid can counteract the negative impact of visual only or auditory only GPS systems. We also examined the effect of spatial representation preferences and abilities when using different GPS systems. Thirty-four participants completed an IVR driving game including 4 GPS conditions (No GPS; audio GPS; visual GPS; audio–visual GPS). After driving one of the routes in one of the 4 GPS conditions, participants were asked to drive to a target landmark they had previously encountered. The audio–visual GPS condition returned more accurate performance than the visual and no GPS condition. General orientation ability predicted the distance to the target landmark for the visual and the audio–visual GPS conditions, while landmark preference predicted performance in the audio GPS condition. Finally, the variability in end distance to the target landmark was significantly reduced in the audio–visual GPS condition when compared to the visual and audio GPS conditions. These findings support theories of spatial cognition and inform the optimisation of GPS designs.
Detection of candidate gene LsACOS5 and development of InDel marker for male sterility by ddRAD-seq and resequencing analysis in lettuce
Authors: Seki Kousuke
Published: May 2022

A new breeding method of F1 hybrid using male sterility would open an exciting frontier in lettuce breeding, a self-pollinating crop. Male sterility is a crucial trait in F1 hybrid breeding. It is essential to map the causative gene for using male sterility. The ms-S, male-sterile (MS) gene of ‘CGN17397’, was mapped to linkage group (LG) 8 by ddRAD-seq and narrowed down between two markers using two F2 populations. This region spans approximately 10.16 Mb, where 94 genes were annotated according to the lettuce reference genome sequence (version8 from ‘Salinas’). The whole-genome sequencing of the MS lines ‘CGN17397-MS’ and male-fertile (MF) lines ‘CGN17397-MF’ revealed that only one gene differed in the area of Lsat_1_v5_gn_8_148221.1, a homolog of acyl-CoA synthetase5 (ACOS5), and was deleted in the MS lines. It was reported that ACOS5 was needed for pollen wall formation and that the null mutants of ACOS5 were entirely male sterility in some plants. Thus, I concluded that Lsat_1_v5_gn_8_148221.1 designated as LsACOS5 was a biologically plausible candidate gene for the ms-S locus. By using the structural polymorphism of LsACOS5, an InDel marker was developed to select the MS trait. The results obtained here provide valuable information for the genic male-sterility in lettuce.
Zika virus impacts extracellular vesicle composition and cellular gene expression in macaque early gestation trophoblasts
Authors: Block Lindsey N. , Schmidt Jenna Kropp , Keuler Nicholas S. , McKeon Megan C. , Bowman Brittany D. , Wiepz Gregory J. , Golos Thaddeus G.
Published: May 2022

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection at the maternal–placental interface is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including fetal demise and pregnancy loss. To determine how infection impacts placental trophoblasts, we utilized rhesus macaque trophoblast stem cells (TSC) that can be differentiated into early gestation syncytiotrophoblasts (ST) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVT). TSCs and STs, but not EVTs, were highly permissive to productive infection with ZIKV strain DAK AR 41524. The impact of ZIKV on the cellular transcriptome showed that infection of TSCs and STs increased expression of immune related genes, including those involved in type I and type III interferon responses. ZIKV exposure altered extracellular vesicle (EV) mRNA, miRNA and protein cargo, including ZIKV proteins, regardless of productive infection. These findings suggest that early gestation macaque TSCs and STs are permissive to ZIKV infection, and that EV analysis may provide a foundation for identifying non-invasive biomarkers of placental infection in a highly translational model.
Longitudinal analysis of built environment and aerosol contamination associated with isolated COVID-19 positive individuals
Authors: Horve Patrick F. , Dietz Leslie G. , Bowles Garis , MacCrone Georgia , Olsen-Martinez Andreas , Northcutt Dale , Moore Vincent , Barnatan Liliana , Parhizkar Hooman , Van Den Wymelenberg Kevin G.
Published: May 2022

The indoor environment is the primary location for the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), largely driven by respiratory particle accumulation in the air and increased connectivity between the individuals occupying indoor spaces. In this study, we aimed to track a cohort of subjects as they occupied a COVID-19 isolation dormitory to better understand the impact of subject and environmental viral load over time, symptoms, and room ventilation on the detectable viral load within a single room. We find that subject samples demonstrate a decrease in overall viral load over time, symptoms significantly impact environmental viral load, and we provide the first real-world evidence for decreased aerosol SARS-CoV-2 load with increasing ventilation, both from mechanical and window sources. These results may guide environmental viral surveillance strategies and be used to better control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 within built environments and better protect those caring for individuals with COVID-19.
Rational inference strategies and the genesis of polarization and extremism
Authors: Kvam Peter D. , Alaukik Abhay , Mims Callie E. , Martemyanova Arina , Baldwin Matthew
Published: May 2022

Polarization and extremism are often viewed as the product of psychological biases or social influences, yet they still occur in the absence of any bias or irrational thinking. We show that individual decision-makers implementing optimal dynamic decision strategies will become polarized, forming extreme views relative to the true information in their environment by virtue of how they sample new information. Extreme evidence enables decision makers to stop considering new information, whereas weak or moderate evidence is unlikely to trigger a decision and is thus under-sampled. We show that this information polarization effect arises empirically across choice domains including politically-charged, affect-rich and affect-poor, and simple perceptual decisions. However, this effect can be disincentivized by asking participants to make a judgment about the difference between two options (estimation) rather than deciding. We experimentally test this intervention by manipulating participants’ inference goals (decision vs inference) in an information sampling task. We show that participants in the estimation condition collect more information, hold less extreme views, and are less polarized than those in the decision condition. Estimation goals therefore offer a theoretically-motivated intervention that could be used to alleviate polarization and extremism in situations where people traditionally intend to decide.
Intraoperative aberrometry compared to preoperative Barrett True-K formula for intraocular lens power selection in eyes with prior refractive surgery
Authors: Gasparian Suzie A. , Nassiri Saman , You Hyelin , Vercio Abby , Hwang Frank S.
Published: May 2022

To compare the predictive refractive accuracy of intraoperative aberrometry (ORA) to the preoperative Barrett True-K formula in the calculation of intraocular lens (IOL) power in eyes with prior refractive surgery undergoing cataract surgery at the Loma Linda University Eye Institute, Loma Linda, California, USA. We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with a history of post-myopic or hyperopic LASIK/PRK who underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery between October 2016 and March 2020. Pre-operative measurements were performed utilizing the Barrett True-K formula. Intraoperative aberrometry (ORA) was used for aphakic refraction and IOL power calculation during surgery. Predictive refractive accuracy of the two methods was compared based on the difference between achieved and intended target spherical equivalent. A total of 97 eyes (69 patients) were included in the study. Of these, 81 eyes (83.5%) had previous myopic LASIK/PRK and 16 eyes (16.5%) had previous hyperopic LASIK/PRK. Median (MedAE)/mean (MAE) absolute prediction errors for preoperative as compared to intraoperative methods were 0.49 D/0.58 D compared to 0.42 D/0.51 D, respectively (P = 0.001/0.002). Over all, ORA led to a statistically significant lower median and mean absolute error compared to the Barrett True-K formula in post-refractive eyes. Percentage of eyes within ± 1.00 D of intended target refraction as predicted by the preoperative versus the intraoperative method was 82.3% and 89.6%, respectively (P = 0.04). Although ORA led to a statistically significant lower median absolute error compared to the Barrett True-K formula, the two methods are clinically comparable in predictive refractive accuracy in patients with prior refractive surgery.
Opportunities and counterintuitive challenges for decentralized clinical trials to broaden participant inclusion
Authors: Goodson Noah , Wicks Paul , Morgan Jayne , Hashem Leen , Callinan Sinéad , Reites John
Published: May 2022

Traditional clinical trials have often failed to recruit representative participant populations. Just 5% of eligible patients participate in clinical research. Participants, particularly those from minority groups, cite geographical constraints, mistrust, miscommunication, and discrimination as barriers. Here, an intersectional view of inclusion in clinical trials provides significant insights into the complex and counterintuitive challenges of trial design and participant recruitment. The US FDA have recently proposed that decentralized clinical trials (DCTs) might reduce barriers and appeal to a wider range of participants by reducing the costs and commitments required for patients to participate. While common sense and early evidence suggests that allowing participants to take part in trials at or near home has advantages in terms of convenience, travel, and perhaps even infection control, it remains to be seen if DCT approaches will yield significant improvements on participant inclusivity. Some digital studies aiming to be more inclusive on a single element of inclusion, such as race, have experienced unintended consequences in other elements, like education or gender. Implementing DCTs presents new challenges including the digital divide, the exclusion of certain tests and procedures, complexities of at-home medication delivery, and the need to build new infrastructure. We present a range of challenges and opportunities for researchers to adopt and adapt DCT approaches to create reliable evidence that applies to all of us.
An open quantum systems approach to proton tunnelling in DNA
Authors: Slocombe Louie , Sacchi Marco , Al-Khalili Jim
Published: May 2022

One of the most important topics in molecular biology is the genetic stability of DNA. One threat to this stability is proton transfer along the hydrogen bonds of DNA that could lead to tautomerisation, hence creating point mutations. We present a theoretical analysis of the hydrogen bonds between the Guanine-Cytosine (G-C) nucleotide, which includes an accurate model of the structure of the base pairs, the quantum dynamics of the hydrogen bond proton, and the influence of the decoherent and dissipative cellular environment. We determine that the quantum tunnelling contribution to the proton transfer rate is several orders of magnitude larger than the classical over-the-barrier hopping. Due to the significance of the quantum tunnelling even at biological temperatures, we find that the canonical and tautomeric forms of G-C inter-convert over timescales far shorter than biological ones and hence thermal equilibrium is rapidly reached. Furthermore, we find a large tautomeric occupation probability of 1.73 × 10−4, suggesting that such proton transfer may well play a far more important role in DNA mutation than has hitherto been suggested. Our results could have far-reaching consequences for current models of genetic mutations.
Microfluidic harvesting of breast cancer tumor spheroid-derived extracellular vesicles from immobilized microgels for single-vesicle analysis
Authors: Rima Xilal Y. , Zhang Jingjing , Nguyen Luong T. H. , Rajasuriyar Aaron , Yoon Min Jin , Chiang Chi-Ling , Walters Nicole , Kwak Kwang Joo , Lee L. James , Reátegui Eduardo
Published: May 2022

A novel microfluidic system for the low-volume harvesting of extracellular vesicles from breast cancer tumor spheroids encapsulated within immobilized hydrogel microbioreactors for downstream single-vesicle analyses.
Viscous peeling of a nanosheet
Authors: Agrawal Adyant , Gravelle Simon , Kamal Catherine , Botto Lorenzo
Published: May 2022

We carry out molecular dynamics of peeling of a graphene nanosheet from a flat substrate, for the case in which the system is completely immersed in water. Entrance effects are shown to dominate the dynamics of the peeling front.
Monitoring isoniazid metabolism in vivo using a near-infrared fluorescent probe
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Zhang Juanjuan , Zhu Jiaqi , Yuan Zhenwei , Xu Hui , Ran Jianhua
Published: May 2022

In vivo, isoniazid can be metabolized to produce hydrazine, which is a genotoxic substance. Here, we synthesized a near-infrared fluorescent probe Cy-HZ based on the hemicyanine skeleton to visualize the metabolism of the drug isoniazid in vivo.
CaCO3-based carriers with prolonged release properties for antifungal drug delivery to hair follicles
Authors: Saveleva Mariia S. , Lengert Ekaterina V. , Verkhovskii Roman A. , Abalymov Anatolii A. , Pavlov Anton M. , Ermakov Alexey V. , Prikhozhdenko Ekaterina S. , Shtykov Sergei N. , Svenskaya Yulia I.
Published: May 2022

CaCO3 carriers are efficiently loaded with Griseofulvin antifungal drug (25% w/w). Stabilizing coating formation prolongs the carrier degradation and payload release. The proposed system enables delivery to hair follicles and bioavailability enhancement for Gf.
Circularly polarized-thermally activated delayed fluorescent materials based on chiral bicarbazole donors
Authors: Poulard Laurélie , Kasemthaveechok Sitthichok , Coehlo Max , Kumar Ramar Arun , Frédéric Lucas , Sumsalee Patthira , d’Anfray Timothée , Wu Sen , Wang Jingxiang , Matulaitis Tomas , Crassous Jeanne , Zysman-Colman Eli , Favereau Ludovic , Pieters Grégory
Published: May 2022

We describe a molecular design to generate circularly polarized thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters in which chiral bicarbazole donors are connected to acceptor units via a rigid 8-membered cycle.
Hexamethylenetetramine induced multidimensional defects in Co2P nanosheets for efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution
Authors: Wang Tingjuan , Wang Chao , Ni Yaoyao , Zhou Yan , Geng Baoyou
Published: May 2022

A hexamethylenetetramine-induced strategy is proposed to construct multi-dimensional defects in Co2P nanosheets. Due to the synergistic effect of multi-dimensional defects, the HER catalytic performance of Co2P nanosheets is significantly improved.
Investigating the quasi-liquid layer on ice surfaces: a comparison of order parameters
Authors: Shi Jihong , Fulford Maxwell , Li Hui , Marzook Mariam , Reisjalali Maryam , Salvalaglio Matteo , Molteni Carla
Published: May 2022

The temperature dependence of the quasi-liquid layer on the surfaces of hexagonal and cubic ice is investigated with molecular dynamics simulations and a selection of different methods to discriminate the phase of molecules.
Guided fractures in graphene mechanical diode-like structures
Authors: Felix Levi C. , Galvao Douglas S.
Published: May 2022

The concept of a diode is usually applied to electronic and thermal devices but very rarely for mechanical ones.
Relationship between surface dissolved iron inventories and net community production during a marine heatwave in the subarctic northeast Pacific
Authors: Taves R. C. , Janssen D. J. , Peña M. A. , Ross A. R. S. , Simpson K. G. , Crawford W. R. , Cullen J. T.
Published: May 2022

Marine heatwave conditions diminished (micro)macronutrient vertical transport, reducing (micro)macronutrient inventories and net community production when external nutrient sources were absent.
Photochemical aerobic oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides: the crucial role of wavelength irradiation
Authors: Skolia Elpida , Gkizis Petros L. , Nikitas Nikolaos F. , Kokotos Christoforos G.
Published: May 2022

Introducing green and sustainable photochemical aerobic protocols for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides.
Photoredox/copper-catalyzed coupling of terminal alkynes with P(O)SH compounds leading to alkynyl phosphorothioates
Authors: Zheng Zhipeng , He Jiali , Ma Qianru , Zhang Yumeng , Liu Yan , Tang Guo , Zhao Yufen
Published: May 2022

The first pathway for the formation of alkynyl phosphorothioates via a visible-light-induced cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction is reported.
A critical review on emerging photocatalysts for syngas generation via CO2 reduction under aqueous media: a sustainable paradigm
Authors: Chauhan Deepak Kumar , Sharma Neha , Kailasam Kamalakannan
Published: May 2022

A sustainable paradigm for syngas production via photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
Synthesis of SrTiO3 and Al-doped SrTiO3via the deep eutectic solvent route
Authors: Adeyemi Adedoyin N. , Venkatesh Amrit , Xiao Chengcan , Zhao Zeqiong , Li Ying , Cox Tori , Jing Dapeng , Rossini Aaron J. , Osterloh Frank E. , Zaikina Julia V.
Published: May 2022

SrTiO3 and aluminum-doped SrTiO3 are synthesized by calcination of metal salts dissolved in a deep eutectic solvent (DES) without any post-synthesis treatment.
Encoding BRAF inhibitor functions in protein degraders
Authors: Miller Daniel S. J. , Voell Sabine A. , Sosič Izidor , Proj Matic , Rossanese Olivia W. , Schnakenburg Gregor , Gütschow Michael , Collins Ian , Steinebach Christian
Published: May 2022

Novel BRAFV600EPROTACs were developed that maintain target degradation while sparing paradoxical activation of the MAPK pathway in BRAFwtcells.
In-materio reservoir working at low frequencies in a Ag2S-island network
Authors: Nakajima Motoharu , Minegishi Kazuki , Shimizu Yosuke , Usami Yuki , Tanaka Hirofumi , Hasegawa Tsuyoshi
Published: May 2022

A reservoir that is more sensitive to lower frequencies is developed by a Ag2S-island network, where Ag filament growth/shrinkage achieves non-linear transformation of input signals. Six logic operations are achieved with accuracy higher than 99%.
Neocucurbins A–G, novel macrocyclic diterpenes and their derivatives from Neocucurbitaria unguis-hominis FS685
Authors: Hu Jinhua , Zhang Wenge , Tan Haibo , Li Saini , Gao Xiaoxia , Liu Zhaoming , Wang Yanlin , Liu Hongxin , Zhang Weimin
Published: May 2022

Neocucurbins A–C featured a novel polyoxygen-hetero 5/6/12 or 5/6/13 fused tricyclic ring system; whereas neocucurbins D–G possessed the 5/6 fused bicyclic ring system.
Biomimetic total synthesis of (−)-galanthamine via intramolecular anodic aryl–phenol coupling
Authors: Xiong Ziyue , Weidlich Frauke , Sanchez Camille , Wirth Thomas
Published: May 2022

Flow electrolysis enables the efficient key coupling step in the total synthesis of (−)-galanthamine.
Synchronously tuning the spin-crossover and fluorescence properties of a two-dimensional Fe(ii) coordination polymer by solvent guests
Authors: Wang Chun-Feng , Wu Jin Chuan , Li Qingxin
Published: May 2022

Synchronously tuning the spin-crossover and fluorescence properties of a two-dimensional Fe(ii) coordination polymer by solvent guests.
A free-standing VN/MXene composite anode for high-performance Li-ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Guo Zihan , Wang Zhiwei , Wang Dong , Gao Yanfang , Liu Jinrong
Published: May 2022

The Li-ion hybrid capacitor (LIHC) is considered as a promising candidate for electrochemical energy storage owing to the high energy and power density.
Template synthesis, DNA binding, antimicrobial activity, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and 1D helical supramolecular structure of a novel binuclear copper(ii) Schiff base complex
Authors: Goudarziafshar Hamid , Yousefi Somaieh , Abbasi Tyula Yunes , Dušek Michal , Eigner Václav
Published: May 2022

A new binuclear copper(ii) Schiff base complex was synthesized using a template method in which the tridentate N2O Schiff base ligand was derived from [1 + 2] condensation of 2,6-diformyl-4-methoxyphenol and p-methyl aniline.
Diluted magnetic semiconductor properties in TM doped ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Jabbar Iqra , Zaman Yasir , Althubeiti Khaled , Al Otaibi Sattam , Ishaque M. Zahid , Rahman Nasir , Sohail Mohammad , Khan Alamzeb , Ullah Asad , Del Rosso Tommaso , Zaman Quaid , Khan Rajwali , Khan Aurangzeb
Published: May 2022

The enlarged central part M–H loop shows for the Co = 0.09 doped ZnO sample, the ferromagnetic (FM) behavior increased, i.e., a Mr of 0.2412 emu g−1 with a Hc of 85 Oe.
Controlled synthesis of gold nanorod dimers with end-to-end configurations
Authors: Lu Xuxing , Punj Deep , Orrit Michel
Published: May 2022

End-to-end gold nanorod dimers provide unique plasmonic hotspots with extremely large near-field enhancements in the gaps.
A study on coconut fatty acid diethanolamide-based polyurethane foams
Authors: Leng Xuedong , Li Cong , Cai Xiaoxia , Yang Zhizhou , Zhang Fengshan , Liu Yanshao , Yang Guihua , Wang Qiang , Fang Guigan , Zhang Xian
Published: May 2022

Industrial products from coconut oil were purified and processed for the preparation of polyurethane foams.
Hydrogen bonds-triggered differential extraction efficiencies for bifenthrin by three polymeric ionic liquids with varying anions based on FT-IR spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Xiaofan , Gao Ming , Liu Tingting , Wang Huili , Wang Xuedong
Published: May 2022

Herein, we fabricated three imidazolium-based polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) with different anions (P[VEIM]BF4, P[VEIM]PF6 and P[VEIM]Br), and analyzed their differential extraction efficiencies for bifenthrin through H-bonding induced effects.
Effects of organic components in cuttlebone on the morphological and mechanical properties of peroxide cross-linked cuttlebone/natural rubber composites
Authors: Chongcharoenchaikul Thitipat , Miyaji Kosuke , Junkong Preeyanuch , Poompradub Sirilux , Ikeda Yuko
Published: May 2022

The role of organic components in cuttlebone particles on the morphological and mechanical properties in terms of the strain-induced crystallization of peroxide cross-linked cuttlebone/NR composites was revealed for the first time in this study.
Synthesis, SAR studies, and insecticidal activities of certain N-heterocycles derived from 3-((2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methylene)-5-phenylfuran-2(3H)-one against Culex pipiens L. larvae
Authors: Ramadan Sayed K. , Abdel Haleem Doaa R. , Abd-Rabboh Hisham S. M. , Gad Nourhan M. , Abou-Elmagd Wael S. I. , Haneen David S. A.
Published: May 2022

A new series of N-heterocycles including pyridazinone, oxadiazole, triazolopyridazinone, and triazole derivatives were synthesized from the acid hydrazide via its reaction with certain carbon electrophiles.
One-electron bonds in copper–aluminum and copper–gallium complexes
Authors: Graziano Brendan J. , Scott Thais R. , Vollmer Matthew V. , Dorantes Michael J. , Young Victor G. , Bill Eckhard , Gagliardi Laura , Lu Connie C.
Published: May 2022

Hanging on by a thread. Formally zerovalent copper complexes with an Al(iii) or Ga(iii) support were investigated. The combined experimental and theoretical data corroborate the presence of an odd-electron σ-bond between Cu and the Group 13 center.
Improved mechanical properties of antimicrobial poly(N-[3-(dimethylaminopropyl)] methacrylamide) hydrogels prepared by free radical polymerization in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a lyotropic liquid crystal template
Authors: Sabah Cansu Kozbekci , Yalçın Bestenur , Şimşek Ceyda , Gürsel Yeşim H. , Erbil Candan
Published: May 2022

In this study, the effect of liquid crystal templates on improving the mechanical and antibacterial properties of poly(N-[3-(dimethylaminopropyl)] methacrylamide) hydrogels was investigated.
Iridium(iii) complexes incorporating thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine units for efficient orange-to-yellow electroluminescence with low efficiency roll-off
Authors: Mao Meng-Xi , Xing Shuai , Zhang Yi-Ping , Qu Zhong-Ze , Yuan Li , Hu Jia-Jun , Liao Xiang-Ji , Zhao Yue , Zheng You-Xuan
Published: May 2022

Iridium(iii) complexes incorporating thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine units and bis(diphenylphosphoryl)amide or bis(diphenylphorothioyl)amide as ancillary ligands for efficient orange-to-yellow electroluminescence with low efficiency roll-off.
POSS-containing polynorbornene with pendant perylene diimide: from a unique supramolecular structure to tunable luminescence properties
Authors: Liu Jie , Gao Si-Yu , Zhang Xin-Yi , Feng Yakai , Wu Han-Chun , Chen Zhijian , Bermeshev Maxim V. , Ren Xiang-Kui
Published: May 2022

The introduction of POSS cages leads to PDI-functionalized polynorbornene changing from a lamellar structure to a hexagonal columnar structure with tunable luminescence properties.
Validating Spectral Moment Analysis as a Quantitative Measure of Speech Distortions in Speakers With Class III Malocclusions
Authors: Jhingree Samantha , Xie Yushan , Bocklage Clare , Giduz Natalie , Moss Kevin , Zajac David , Jacox Laura Anne
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

This study examined the relationship between judged speech sound distortions and spectral moment metrics in speakers with Class III malocclusion.

Method:

A quantitative online survey was distributed to 30 speech specialists (clinicians and/or students) and 100 lay listeners to judge the clarity of the sounds /s/, /ʃ/, /t/, and /k/ using a visual analog scale (VAS) from recordings of 11 Class III (underbite) dentofacial disharmony (DFD) patients and eight Class I controls. Patients and controls were grouped according to high, moderate, and low /s/−/ʃ/ first spectral moment differences. A linear mixed model was used to analyze the data.

Results:

VAS scale ratings increased as a function of decreasing spectral contrast for both groups of listeners. VAS ratings of speech specialists were more homogenous than lay listeners, and speech specialists rated distortions as less severe than lay listeners.

Conclusions:

Recordings of Class III DFD patients with low /s/−/ʃ/ first spectral moment differences were scored by listeners as having increased VAS scale ratings, indicative of more significant perceived speech-sound distortions. Spectral moment analysis appears to be a promising approach for characterizing speech of DFD patients and other craniofacial disorders.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19686510
A mean-field stochastic linear-quadratic optimal control problem with jumps under partial information
Authors: Yang Yiyun , Tang Maoning , Meng Qingxin
Published: May 2022

In this article, the stochastic linear-quadratic optimal control problem of mean-field type with jumps under partial information is discussed. The state equation which contains affine terms is a SDE with jumps driven by a multidimensional Brownian motion and a Poisson stochastic martingale measure, and the quadratic cost function contains cross terms. In addition, the state and the control as well as their expectations are contained both in the state equation and the cost functional. This is the so-called optimal control problem of mean-field type. Firstly, the existence and uniqueness of the optimal control is proved. Secondly, the adjoint processes of the state equation is introduced, and by using the duality technique, the optimal control is characterized by the stochastic Hamiltonian system. Thirdly, by applying a decoupling technology, we deduce two integro-differential Riccati equations and get the feedback representation of the optimal control under partial information. Fourthly, the existence and uniqueness of the solutions of two Riccati equations are proved. Finally, we discuss a special case, and establish the corresponding feedback representation of the optimal control by means of filtering technique.
Coal Mine Safety Monitoring and Alerting System with Smart Helmet
Authors: Rudrawar Mangesh , Sharma Shivam , Thakur Madhuri , Kadam Vivek
Published: May 2022

Traditional monitoring systems in coal mines are difficult to install, hazardous, and difficult to power. Because of the complexity of the mining environment and the wide range of operations performed in coal mines, it is vital to monitor and maintain the parameters in the background t increase the efficiency and safety of mineworkers. As a result, traditional monitoring methods cannot be relied on to ensure coal workers’ safety. This research represents a ZigBee-based wireless monitoring system using a smart helmet. The presented wireless monitoring system is capable of detecting and transmitting critical parameters in coal mines such as methane gas, high temperature, humidity, and fire. In an emergency, this monitoring system transmits distress signals. A buzzer will sound if emergency conditions are detected, and the monitored variables will be displayed on the user interface machine. Moreover, the Parameters are wirelessly transmitted to the control room, allowing people to determine the safety situation of the mine. This model is easily reprogrammable. Experiments have demonstrated the system’s reliability and stability.
Design and Implementation of Smart Home Network using Cisco Packet Tracer
Authors: Mishra Ananya , Ghayar Jay , Pendam Ritika , Shinde Shilpa
Published: May 2022

Technology has become a critical part of our daily activities and routine life in the present day scenario. The need of the hour is to devise a smart home that will be able to control the operation of electronic devices via a smartphone. This concept, while absurd to imagine, can be easily implemented efficiently using a package tracking software which includes IoT functions for control and simulation of a smart home network. IoT technology has had a huge boom in the tech industry in the recent past. IoT, better known as Internet of Things, can be applied to several real time scenarios, such as home automation, treatment, campus, office, etc. In this paper, we will be focusing on a safe home automation system that will be including modules such as: smoke detection, humiture monitoring, motion detection, temperature monitoring and solar panel controlling using smart battery. The aim of our research is to devise a simulation network of smart devices which will be in control of the end-user remotely and implement the concept of smart home automation. This project will make use of the Cisco Packet Tracer to monitor the IoT devices in the smart home network. Simulation results have shown that these smart devices can be connected in a network to the home portal and objects can be successfully monitored which proves that such a model can be used for real life implementation in the user’s home.
Toolkit Carrying Drone For Maintenance Of High Altitude Transmission Lines
Authors: Kadam Shivam , Dharmasare Piyush , Ganjale Shubham , Ghuge Nilam
Published: May 2022

Research and analysis on drones is increasing rapidly nowadays in various fields of application. One of the major problem which arises in the drone application is its ability of lifting heavy loads when attached to it that requires proper design and selection of the required type of drone for its ability to carry out various missions including lifting a heavy load. One of the important type of drone that is widely used is hexacopter drone. This paper shows the design of hexacopter drone that lifts the toolkit which has to be delivered for maintenance of transmission lines at high altitude. It is designed with the help of calculation and analysis of the criteria and constraints by the aid of software. The calculations shows the ability of hexacopter drone of lifting a toolkit and delivering it to the location at higher altitude.
Recipe Recommendation System Using TF-IDF
Authors: Chhipa Shubham , Berwal Vishal , Hirapure Tushar , Banerjee Soumi
Published: May 2022

A Recipe Recommendation System is being proposed in this following paper. Food recommendation is a new area, with few systems that are focus on analysing and user preferences and constraints such as ingredients available at their side being deployed in real settings in the form of web application or mobile application [4]. The proposed model is a mobile application which allows users to search recipes using ingredients available at them including vegetables. For this work we have find a dataset which is a collection of Indian cuisines recipes and apply the content-based recommendation using Term Frequency – Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and Cosine Similarity [1]. This application gives the recommendation of Indian recipes based on ingredients available at them and allows users to filter out the recipes on course type, diet type, etc.
Pragmatic Approach for Online Document Verification Using Block-Chain Technology
Authors: Sable Nilesh P. , Powar Sachin R. , Fernandes Queency , Gade Nikita A. , Shingade Akash B.
Published: May 2022

As we all know, India has a plethora of universities, and many people graduate from them. Because it is possible for someone to falsify a degree, a secure based verification mechanism is required. It will be achieved in an existing system through the exchange of e-mails or postal mail; however, this is a time-consuming process that is insecure owing to human involvement. And, in order to solve these drawbacks, we implemented block chain technology into our system. When there is a security risk, block chain comes to mind. When it comes to data breaches, education is also not far away. For attackers, student data with little financial information has become a valuable commodity. At the same time, student verification is becoming a serious worry at educational institutions, which are being breached to generate phony identities and records. As a result, the greater the digitization of student information, the greater the need to protect student privacy.
Automated Lung Semantic Segmentation on X-Ray Using Convolutional Models
Authors: Ramesh Aakash , Bhatkhande Aditya , Jadhav Bhavesh , Avdhuth Nipul , Rathi Kirti
Published: May 2022

Towards the culmination of 2019, an outburst of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic struck mankind, which was instigated due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) which originally transpired from Wuhan City, China. Myriad of people have acceded to this disease. The effects of the pandemic have been more severe on the populous nations of the world. In India, although over 1.5 billion vaccinations have been provided to the inhabitants, as of 21 February 2022, the pandemic has barely diminished, as seen in Figure 1.1. While restrictions are being somewhat relaxed, the chances of the ominous ’4th wave’ materialises large. In such scenarios, it is of supreme importance to have apparatus for rapid testing and diagnosis of the disease, to expedite a much faster process. This paper will give an insight of a model that can efficiently and precisely predict the presence of COVID-19 by using a CT scan of the lungs.
Natural disaster detection in social media and satellite imagery
Authors: Ahuja Stuti , Michael Melvina , Selvan Malvika , Mantri Vaishnavi
Published: May 2022

Natural disasters caused by natural processes may lead to significant losses in terms of property and human lives. The timely collection of information about the damage caused by natural disasters is very important and can help reduce losses and speed recovery. Social media has become an important source of information for communication and dissemination of information in emergencies. Under such circumstances, inferring disaster events through the information available in social media will be very useful Satellite data has also been widely used to analyze the impact of natural disasters on the surface of the earth. In this paper, a detailed analysis of how social media and satellite imagery can be used to detect natural disasters is discussed.
Intelligent Medical Chatbot System For Women’s Healthcare
Authors: Polekar Shrushti , Wakde Shivani , Pandare Mayuresh , Shingane Priyanka
Published: May 2022

Even today talking about women health is big taboo in India. The society is unbiased about women especially about their health issues hence they face disparity in the society. Women feel hesitant to talk about or speak about their health issues or problems openly. Thus, the goal of this chatbot is to help women to find information and remedial solutions about their health. Query is processed by the bot and response will be displayed on web application. This chatbot will provide helpful information instantly. It will also provide prediction about the disease that the women might be suffering.So this bot will help to make Right decision and give right advice to women on 24/7 basis. It will act as an helping hand for working women to keep check on their health in their busy routine. At the same time this will also help women in rural areas who are apprehensive to talk about their health issues publicly.