bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tangent Lie algebra of derived Artin stacks
Authors: Hennion Benjamin
Published: December 2015

Since the work of Mikhail Kapranov in [Compos. Math. 115 (1999), no. 1, 71–113], it is known that the shifted tangent complex

𝕋
X

\mathbb{T}_{X}

[-1] of a smooth algebraic variety X is endowed with a weak Lie structure.
Moreover, any complex of quasi-coherent sheaves E on X is endowed with a weak Lie action of this tangent Lie algebra. This Lie action is given by the Atiyah class of E.
We will generalise this result to (finite enough) derived Artin stacks, without any smoothness assumption.
This in particular applies to singular schemes.
This work uses tools of both derived algebraic geometry and

∞

{\infty}

-category theory.
Managing Innovation Networks for Knowledge Mobility and Appropriability: A Complexity Perspective
Authors: Corral de Zubielqui Graciela , Jones Janice , Statsenko Larissa
Published: December 2015

Despite widespread recognition that an enterprise’s critical resources may extend beyond the enterprise’s traditional boundaries, with the focal enterprise drawing upon the resources of other firms and institutions through networks, there is a dearth of empirical research on knowledge mobility and appropriability patterns among innovative Australian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through the lens of complexity science. We address this gap, by examining what, how, and why innovation-related knowledge flows from networks into SMEs, and how SMEs protect intellectual property (IP) and appropriate value. Based on a survey of 838 SMEs, we find patterns of internal and external knowledge flows with SMEs searching for ideas internally, and via market-based networks, with internally sourced ideas having the strongest impact on innovativeness. The results also show SMEs are most likely to network with market-based agents relative to localised learning networks. Further, networking with suppliers increases innovativeness, as does sourcing knowledge as part of a package with the purchase of new equipment, underscoring the importance of the vertical supply chain network. Despite limited interaction with localised learning networks, outsourcing R&D to these networks increases innovativeness. We also find that informal IP, in particular, secrecy, complexity of product design, and frequent and rapid changes to products/services increases innovativeness, as do formal copyrights and trademarks. In addition to protecting IP, these practices are product market strategies, enabling SMEs to commercialise innovations and appropriate value. But while appropriability mechanisms provide innovation benefits to individual agents, from the perspective of complexity science, IP mechanisms act as barriers to effective knowledge flows (e.g. information sharing) preventing innovative networking through the mechanism of a positive feedback loop to evolve to the state where distributed intelligence comes into play and facilitates break-through innovations.
Lignification of ray parenchyma cells (RPCs) in the xylem of Phellodendron amurense Rupr.: quantitative and structural investigation by TOF-SIMS and thioacidolysis of laser microdissection cuts of RPCs
Authors: Zheng Peiming , Aoki Dan , Matsushita Yasuyuki , Yagami Sachie , Sano Yuzou , Yoshida Masato , Fukushima Kazuhiko
Published: December 2015

Lignification of ray parenchyma cells (RPCs) in the sapwood (sW), transition zone (TZ), and heartwood (hW) of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. has been investigated by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and thioacidolysis. The results of TOF-SIMS indicate that the relative ion intensity of lignin in RPCs increased from sW to hW, while there was almost no difference in the case of axial wood fibers. The ratio of syringyl (S) to guaiacyl (G) lignin units (S/G value) in RPCs was higher than that in wood fibers. Samples containing more RPCs were prepared by laser microdissection (LMD) and analyzed by thioacidolysis, including also the subsequent Raney nickel desulfurization, and the resulting monomers and dimers were quantitatively analyzed by GC/MS. The monomer analysis shows that lignin content and S/G values in RPCs rich samples increased from sW towards hW. The dimer analysis reveals that the S-S dimers are dominant in all types of samples. The results of TOF-SIMS and thioacidolysis of LMD samples are interpreted that the lignification of RPCs progresses from the sW towards the hW and that the chemical structure of lignin in RPCs is different from that in axial elements.
No Safe Haven: How the Chasm between the Laws Governing Refugees and Mass Gatherings Has Contributed to Health Crises
Authors: Preston Grace
Published: December 2015

The conditions in refugee camps are often strikingly similar to those considered by existent bodies of law governing mass gatherings. Sanitation is a key concern in both cases, as is access to adequate shelter and medical care. However, the laws that govern refugees and mass gatherings are promulgated by different organizations, and the lack of overlap can exacerbate already poor conditions for refugees. This paper examines the various health issues that arise in refugee camps in terms of mass gatherings, analyzes the laws that govern both, and concludes with recommendations on how to address any ineffectiveness in the current models.
Anti-nociceptive activity of a few structurally related trimethoxy flavones and possible mechanisms involved
Authors: Nadipelly Jagan , Sayeli Vijaykumar , Kadhirvelu Parimala , Shanmugasundaram Jaikumar , Cheriyan Binoy Varghese , Subramanian Viswanathan
Published: December 2015

Background: The present study was designed to investigate the anti-nociceptive activity of a few structurally related trimethoxy flavones (7,2′,3′-TMF, 7,2′,4′-TMF, 7,3′,4′-TMF and 7,5,4′-TMF) and the possible mechanisms involved.

Methods: Anti-nociceptive activity was evaluated in mice by employing acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced nociception and hot water tail immersion methods. The involvement of opioid, GABAergic, tryptaminergic, adrenergic and dopaminergic mechanisms and K+
ATP channels in the anti-nociceptive activity of trimethoxy flavones was investigated using suitable interacting chemicals.

Results: Trimethoxy flavones exhibited a significant and dose-dependent inhibition of acetic acid writhing. The paw-licking response time was reduced both in the early and late phases of formalin nociception in a dose-dependent manner by trimethoxy flavones. A significant increase in tail withdrawal latency time was also observed after trimethoxy flavones treatment. These observations revealed the potential anti-nociceptive action of the investigated trimethoxy flavones. Pretreatment with naloxone and bicuculline significantly attenuated the reduction of abdominal constrictions produced by all the tested trimethoxy flavones indicating a definite role of opioid and GABAergic mechanisms in the anti-nociceptive effect of trimethoxy flavones. The anti-nociceptive action elicited by various trimethoxy flavones was differently modulated by glibenclamide, ondansetron, yohimbine and sulpiride.

Conclusions: The investigated trimethoxy flavones exhibited promising anti-nociceptive activity in various nociceptive models, and multiple mechanisms are involved in the anti-nociceptive activity of these compounds.
A novel mutation in the glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD1) of a patient with congenital hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia (HI/HA)
Authors: Fang Chen , Ding Xin , Huang Yun , Huang Jian , Zhao Pengjun , Hu Ji
Published: December 2015

Hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia (HI/HA) syndrome, often characterized by recurrent symptomatic hypoglycemia and persistent hyperammonemia, is the second most frequent cause of the congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI). Here, we reported a patient with normal birth weight, repeated seizures, untreatable hypoglycemia, and persistent, mild hyperammonemia. The genetic diagnosis revealed that the patient carried a heterozygous, de novo missense mutation (N410I, c.1401A>T) in the glutamate dehydrogenase 1 gene (GLUD1). The patient was treated with diazoxide, which significantly alleviated the hypoglycemia. CT and MRI brain scanning at different developmental stages revealed large-scale brain damage in the front lobe. Severe neurodevelopment deficits were identified in the follow-up.
Outcomes analysis of radioactive iodine and total thyroidectomy for pediatric Graves’ disease
Authors: Cohen Reuven Zev , Felner Eric I. , Heiss Kurt F. , Wyly J. Bradley , Muir Andrew B.
Published: December 2015

The majority of pediatric patients with Graves’ disease will ultimately require definitive therapy in the form of radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation or thyroidectomy. There are few studies that directly compare the efficacy and complication rates between RAI and thyroidectomy. We compared the relapse rate as well as the acute and long-term complications of RAI and total thyroidectomy among children and adolescents with Graves’ disease treated at our center.

Medical records from 81 children and adolescents with a diagnosis of Graves’ disease who received definitive therapy over a 12-year period were reviewed.

Fifty one patients received RAI and 30 patients underwent thyroidectomy. The relapse rate was not significantly different between RAI and thyroidectomy (12.1% vs. 0.0%, p=0.28). There were no acute or long-term complications in the RAI group, but there were eight cases of hypoparathyroidism (two transient and six permanent) in the thyroidectomy group. None of the patients developed a recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.

RAI is a safe and effective option for treatment of children and adolescents with Graves’ disease. In light of the rate of permanent hypoparathyroidism seen at our center with thyroidectomy and previously published long-term safety of RAI, we recommend RAI as the first line treatment for children and adolescents with Graves’ disease. For those centers performing thyroidectomies, we recommend that each center select 1–2 high-volume pediatric surgeons to perform all thyroid procedures, allowing individuals to increases case volume and potentially decrease long-term complications of thyroidectomy.
Simulation of random variates with the Morgenstern distribution
Authors: Makhotkin Oleg A.
Published: December 2015

Five algorithms for the simulation of random vectors with the bivariate Morgenstern distribution are described and realized. The run-time efficiencies of these algorithms are estimated so that the fastest one is determined. It uses the presentation of the Morgenstern distribution density as the sum of the bilinear finite elements.
Numerical investigation of the temperature influence on the melt predistribution in a spiral mandrel die with different polyolefins
Authors: Hopmann Christian , Yesildag Nafi
Published: December 2015

The main goal in the design of spiral mandrel dies for blown film extrusion is to achieve a homogeneous velocity distribution of the plastics melt at the die outlet. However, thermal inhomogeneities in the die can lead to an uneven flow distribution despite a rheologically optimized design of the die. The thermal inhomogeneities are especially dominant in the predistributor of spiral mandrel dies. Against this background, the temperature influence on the melt distribution in the predistributor is investigated for different polyolefins with the help of flow simulations in Polyflow (Ansys). The simulation models the whole predistributor and takes both the heat transfer in the predistributor and the shear heating in the melt into account. Afterwards, simulations are conducted in which the thermal design measures for the homogenization of the flow in the die are applied. With the combination of heating cartridges, brass inserts, and isolating gaps in the die, a significant homogenization of the predistribution can be achieved. Finally, the simulation results are validated in practical tests, whereby a good agreement between simulation and measurement can be observed.
Effect of ABS/PMMA/EMA ternary blending sequence on mechanical properties and surface glossiness
Authors: Ding Jin , Yue Zhen Ming , Sun Jiao , Zhou Ji Cui , Gao Jun
Published: December 2015

Acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene (ABS)/poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA)/ethylene methacrylate (EMA) composites were prepared with different blending sequences. All ABS/PMMA/EMA copolymers were designed to achieve the same total chemical composition, in which ABS/PMMA was equal to 80/20 and EMA was fixed at 6 wt%. The effects of different blending sequences on the mechanical and optical properties of ABS/PMMA/EMA blends were investigated. Results indicated that the tensile strengths of ABS/PMMA/EMA blends with different blending sequences were slightly affected, whereas the Izod impact strength of blends significantly varied. The impact toughness of the blends, in which PMMA/EMA was initially blended and then combined with ABS, was approximately twice that of the other blends. This blending sequence also had surface glossiness that was superior to those of the other blends. Differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy further revealed that blending sequence influenced the phase miscibility and dispersion of the blends, which led to different mechanical and optical properties.
Closed Analytical Solutions of the D-Dimensional Schrödinger Equation with Deformed Woods–Saxon Potential Plus Double Ring-Shaped Potential
Authors: Chabab Mohamed , El Batoul Abdelwahed , Oulne Mustapha
Published: December 2015

By employing the Pekeris approximation, the D-dimensional Schrödinger equation is solved for the nuclear deformed Woods–Saxon potential plus double ring-shaped potential within the framework of the asymptotic iteration method (AIM). The energy eigenvalues are given in a closed form, and the corresponding normalised eigenfunctions are obtained in terms of hypergeometric functions. Our general results reproduce many predictions obtained in the literature, using the Nikiforov–Uvarov method (NU) and the improved quantisation rule approach, particularly those derived by considering Woods–Saxon potential without deformation and/or without ring shape interaction.
Compensatory Drift and the Evolutionary Dynamics of Dosage-Sensitive Duplicate Genes
Authors: Thompson Ammon , Zakon Harold H , Kirkpatrick Mark
Published: December 2015

Dosage-balance selection preserves functionally redundant duplicates (paralogs) at the optimum for their combined expression. Here we present a model of the dynamics of duplicate genes coevolving under dosage-balance selection. We call this the compensatory drift model. Results show that even when strong dosage-balance selection constrains total expression to the optimum, expression of each duplicate can diverge by drift from its original level. The rate of divergence slows as the strength of stabilizing selection, the size of the mutation effect, and/or the size of the population increases. We show that dosage-balance selection impedes neofunctionalization early after duplication but can later facilitate it. We fit this model to data from sodium channel duplicates in 10 families of teleost fish; these include two convergent lineages of electric fish in which one of the duplicates neofunctionalized. Using the model, we estimated the strength of dosage-balance selection for these genes. The results indicate that functionally redundant paralogs still may undergo radical functional changes after a prolonged period of compensatory drift.
Exploiting Linkage Disequilibrium for Ultrahigh-Dimensional Genome-Wide Data with an Integrated Statistical Approach
Authors: Carlsen Michelle , Fu Guifang , Bushman Shaun , Corcoran Christopher
Published: December 2015

Genome-wide data with millions of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can be highly correlated due to linkage disequilibrium (LD). The ultrahigh dimensionality of big data brings unprecedented challenges to statistical modeling such as noise accumulation, the curse of dimensionality, computational burden, spurious correlations, and a processing and storing bottleneck. The traditional statistical approaches lose their power due to p≫n (n is the number of observations and p is the number of SNPs) and the complex correlation structure among SNPs. In this article, we propose an integrated distance correlation ridge regression (DCRR) approach to accommodate the ultrahigh dimensionality, joint polygenic effects of multiple loci, and the complex LD structures. Initially, a distance correlation (DC) screening approach is used to extensively remove noise, after which LD structure is addressed using a ridge penalized multiple logistic regression (LRR) model. The false discovery rate, true positive discovery rate, and computational cost were simultaneously assessed through a large number of simulations. A binary trait of Arabidopsis thaliana, the hypersensitive response to the bacterial elicitor AvrRpm1, was analyzed in 84 inbred lines (28 susceptibilities and 56 resistances) with 216,130 SNPs. Compared to previous SNP discovery methods implemented on the same data set, the DCRR approach successfully detected the causative SNP while dramatically reducing spurious associations and computational time.
Melody Valve Bartonella henselae Endocarditis in an Afebrile Teen: A Case Report
Authors: Sosa Tina , Goldstein Bryan , Cnota James , Bryant Roosevelt , Frenck Robert , Washam Matthew , Madsen Nicolas
Published: December 2015

Significant advancements in the care of children with cardiac valve disease over the past 15 years have led to the increasingly common use of percutaneous transcatheter valve implantation as an alternative to surgical replacement in selected patient populations. Although the transcatheter approach has several advantages, this approach and the valves used are not without complications. Bacterial endocarditis is a known and concerning complication after transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR). Most reported cases have involved organisms that are common etiologic agents of bacterial endocarditis and are readily identified via blood culture. However, culture-negative endocarditis in the setting of TPVR has not been well described. We present our experience with one afebrile teenager with culture-negative, serology-positive Bartonella henselae endocarditis of a Melody valve 18 months after TPVR for management of tetralogy of Fallot. The teen was successfully managed with long-term antibiotic therapy followed by surgical replacement of the valve. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of culture-negative endocarditis of a Melody TPVR in the absence of fever. This report discusses the importance of considering culture-negative endocarditis in the differential diagnosis of an afebrile patient with TPVR presenting with constitutional symptoms and valve dysfunction, particularly in the primary care setting. It is anticipated that with an increase in the successfully aging population of children who have undergone cardiac repair, the evaluation of these patients will become an increasingly important and common task for the community pediatrician.
Új módszertani lehetőségek és ezek alkalmazása a hormonális rendszer daganatainak genetikai kivizsgálásában
Authors: Patócs Attila , Likó István , Butz Henriett , Baghy Kornélia , Rácz Károly
Published: December 2015

The technical developments leading to revolution in clinical genetic testing offer new approaches for patients with cancer. From one mutation or one gene approach the scale of genetic testing moved to whole exome or whole genome scale. It is well known that many tumours are genetically determined ans they are part of familial tumour syndromes. In addition, some mutations indicate specific molecular targeted therapies. Although sampling and sample preparation are different for testing germline and somatic mutations, the technical background of the analysis is the same. The aim of clinical genetic testing is to identify patients who are carriers of disease-causing mutations or to test tumour tissue for the presence of genetic alterations which may be targets for therapeutic approaches. In this review the authors summarize novel possibilities offered by next-generation sequencing in clinical genetic testing of patients with endocrine tumours. In addition, the authors review recent guidelines on technical and ethical issues related to these novel methods. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(51), 2063–2069.
Biomarkerek hálózatától a klinikai döntéstámogatásig
Authors: Antal Péter , Reiter József , Mátyus Péter
Published: December 2015

The rapidly accumulating, heterogeneous, numerous biomedical data and the increasing knowledge represent both the key areas and the major bottleneck in the complete realization of personalized medicine. Traditional clinical aims as well as decision-making processes in drug research need systems-based integration of data and their analyses, which require a wide range of new mathematical approaches and application of information technologies. In the world of biomarkers, all such tasks correspond to three types of biomarkers, namely, endpoint, target and diagnostic biomarkers, which together form a complex network. To decipher the networks, probabilistic graphical models are introduced. Briefly, the authors illustrate their use for exploration and visualization of direct dependencies among biomarkers. Finally, construction of decision networks and their application to structural and quantitative optimization of biomarkers are discussed to provide a novel type of supporting tools for clinical practice. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(51), 2077–2081.
The Study of Psychological Characteristics of Children and Adolescents with Digestive Diseases
Authors: Sviridova T. V. , Lazurenko S. B. , Venger A. L. , Komarova E. V. , Potapov A. S. , Buslaeva A. S.
Published: December 2015

Objective: The present study was aimed at the psychological characteristics of children with different chronic diseases of the digestive system and the identification of key factors influencing the formation of their personality.Methods: The continuous prospective study of psychological peculiarities of 125 patients (7−17 y.o.) with diseases of the digestive system who have been monitored at Scientific Centre of Children’s Health (Moscow) was performed. As research methods were used: analysis of medical and pedagogical documentation, participant observation, educational experiment, interview, questionnaires and projective methods.Results: The study involved 125 patients aged 7–17 years (12.4 averagely) with diseases of the digestive system including teens — 68 (54%), primary school pupil — 57 (46%). The number of boys significantly prevailed over the number of girls (2:1). The study confirmed the existence of a close relationship and mutual influence of three factors: the physical condition, social situation of development, and individual psychological characteristics of children. According to the psychological characteristics the children can be combined in three groups: Group I (47 of 125 people; 37.6%) ― children with bad psychological status. This is most typical for children with active form of chronic diseases requiring intensive medical assistance (37 of 47 people; 78.7%). Group II (59 of 125 people; 47.2%) ― children with instable psychological condition, with risk of neurotization. This group mainly comprises patients with chronic diseases at the stage of unstable clinical remission with preserved or compensated functions of organism bodies and systems or with incomplete compensation of functions requiring long term supportive treatment (45 of 59 people; 76.3%). Group III ― patients with rather stable psychological condition (19 of 125 people; 15.2%). It comprises patients with rather stable psychological condition, anyway, with expressed psychological vulnerability in stress situation. Most children suffer from chronic diseases of different etiology at the stage of clinical remission with rare aggravations, with preserved or compensated functions, provided there are no aggravations of the basic disease (17 of 19 people; 89.5%).Conclusion: Most children with diseases of the digestive system have the psychological difficulties, while their identity is often formed in the distorted social conditions. Therefore, these children need psychological and pedagogical support, as well the special psychological and pedagogical conditions for the realization of their mental and cognitive capacities. To put together a program of psychological and educational assistance we should take into account the child’s age at the moment of occurrence of the disease, etiology, duration and severity of the illness, the nature and degree of non-compliance of social environmental.
Phylodynamic of HCV Populations
Authors: Kalinina O. V. , Zhebrun A. B.
Published: December 2015

Hepatitis C virus is an actual public health problem worldwide since its discovering in 1989. It is explained not only by the wide spreading andfrequent adverse outcomes of disease, the lack of effective preventive vaccine, but also by the high genetic variability of the virus. The current review summarizes the results of phylodynamic and phylogeographic studies of different HCV populations that allowed to characterize epidemic processes, to analyze the divergence of HCV into genotypes and subtypes, and to determine the geographic origin of the current HCV epidemic variants.
Interneurons Brainstem of the Human
Authors: Chertok V. M. , Kotsyuba A. E. , Startseva M. S.
Published: December 2015

Objective: To conduct a comparative study of the structural organization of internuclear interneurons involved in the metabolism of nitrogen monoxide, hydrogen sulphide and carbon monoxide in the caudal brain stem humans.Methods: The cross-sectional study was performed. We used histochemical and immunohistochemical methods to study the internuclear interneurons expressing neuronal nitric oxide synthase, cystathionine β-synthase and heme oxygenase-2 which are located between the giant and small cell reticular nuclei (cell group 1), small cell reticular nucleus and the nucleus of the solitary tract (cell group 2) or is surrounded by reticular lateral nucleus (cell group 3).Results: The work was carried out on the corpses of 6 men 18–44 years old who died from causes unrelated to the damage of the central nervous system. We revealed the differences between internuclear organization and intranuclear interneurons and local structural features of internuclear interneurons that are more clearly visible between the cell group 1 including a relatively large number of large neurons and cell groups 2 and 3 (р 0,001). In the latter two groups small cells with high concentrations of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase and heme oxygenase-2 dominated.Conclusion: Despite the fact that the number of internuclear interneurons significantly is less than the number of intranuclear cells, they have structural prerequisites to control integration processes in the brain. Internuclear interneurons produce gasotransmitters and classical mediators of nerve impulse, form a local chain of interneurons between vasomotor nuclei, share many links with the above and the lower parts of the brain.
Ontology Model of a Robotics Agents Community
Authors: Latorre Homero , Harispe Karina , Salinas Renato , Lefranc Gastón
Published: December 2015

This paper presents an Ontology Model of necessities and decisions for a cooperative community of heterogeneous robotic agents. Based on an ant community, it defines the characteristics of a collaborative and cooperative community of robots, using multi agent theory where each robot shares information with others robots in the community, to accomplish a common objective.
The development of Self-control of Cognitive Activity in Preschool Age
Authors: Chernokova T.E.
Published: December 2015

We discuss the problem of self-control formation in the context of metacognitive development of children. The hypothesis of the study was that in the preschool age, the structure of self-cognition begins to form, which includes anticipating, process and final self-control. The aim of the study was to identify the dynamics of self-control of cognitive activity in the preschool years. We used an experimental technique in which children were asked to identify the problem and plan of the learning activities, implement it and evaluate the results. The study involved 60 children aged 4 to 7 years. In all age groups higher rates of current and total self-control were found, but the most intensive dynamics were identified in terms of predictive self-control. In the preschool age children occasionally show a formal self-control. At the age of 5-6 years old, the children start to develop the self-control structure, and significant correlations were found between the indicators of current and final self. The most advanced children demonstrate meaningful self-control. This is due not only to the development of self-awareness, arbitrariness and traditionally described cognitive processes, but also to the development of dialectical thinking and metacognitions.
On Maternal Attitude toward Young Children Conceived through in Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Solovyeva E.V.
Published: December 2015

We present the results of a comparative study of maternal attitudes towards young children (11-37 months) in 135 dyads (cases of spontaneous conception) and 135 dyads (children conceived through in vitro fertilization - IVF). Data were collected in 2011-2012 in Center for Family Planning and Reproduction, Moscow, using the following techniques: questionnaire for mothers by M.E. Lantsburg, technique "Parental estimates of children" (M.E. Lantsburg modification of Dembo-Rubinstein techniques), medical history data. It has been shown that women who conceive through IVF, compared with those who conceived spontaneously, more often ignore the baby movements during pregnancy, and child birth often has a significant impact on the change in their lives. The mothers who conceived spontaneously have more realistic expectations about the actual possibilities and abilities of their children; mothers who conceived through IVF, often place inappropriate to their age requirements to the children and have higher expectations of their children.
The Role of Attitude to the Disease in Cardiac Patients Undergoing Vital Threat in the Formation of the Prediction of their Mental Adaptation to Post-hospital Period
Authors: Trifonova E.A. , Chernorai A.V. , Chumakova I.O.
Published: December 2015

In the current study, the authors evaluated the role of relationship to disease in cardiac patients undergoing vital threat in the formation of the prediction of their mental adaptation in the distant post-hospital period. Longitudinal study (in-hospital and one year after discharge) included two groups: patients with urgent cardiac status (N=47, 36 men, 11 women, age 34 to 66 years) and patients with atrial arrhythmias, passing minimally invasive surgery (N=41, 22 men, 19 women, age 41 to 69 years). In-hospital stage used interviews and tests, questionnaires, and post-hospital stage was conducted using a telephone interview. We found that patients with a history of life-threatening cardiac condition, are less concerned about the disease than patients expecting to be relatively safe after minimally invasive surgery. In the forecast of the emotional status of patients, the severity of anxiety and disturbance of interpersonal relationships in the hospital period play an important role. Predictor of adherence to medical recommendations for men is a high disease concern, and in women – greater emotional stability.
A Review of Studies of Danger Perception and Prospects of its Study in Clinical Psychology Development
Authors: Veschikova M.I.
Published: December 2015

The objective of studies of danger perception is to predict the behavior of a person, group, or society in terms of the potential hazard, to identify the main groups of factors that affect the risk assessment and sources of distortion of the evaluation. The review presents the sociological theories of danger, reveals the gender differences in the danger perception, and describes in details the individual factors of danger perception. We discuss the prospects of studying the outside world danger perception in clinical psychology of development. We emphasize that the key period for the development of danger assessment process is adolescence, because this is the age when most significant quantitative and qualitative changes in the cognitive sphere occur: the development of abstract logical thinking, increased interest to the life and death, the appearance of “personal myth”.
Features of Parent-Child Relationship of Mothers with Teenage Children in the Conditions of Late Motherhood
Authors: Zakharova E.I.
Published: December 2015

The author's attention is attracted by one of the features of modern Russian family: the tendency to increase the frequency of childbirth by women of older reproductive age. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the mothers’ parent position, who had children at different periods of adulthood (middle, late). The aim of the study was to investigate the features of the parent-child relationship of mothers with teenage children in the conditions of late motherhood. Mothers of adolescents who participated in the study were divided into two groups: "young" mothers who gave birth to the first child before the age of 30 years, and "late" mothers who gave birth to their first child after being 30 years old. It turned out that the strategies of education and interaction between the "young" and "late" mothers, reflecting the value orientation of personality, are significantly different. Focusing on the emotional closeness with the child and creativity, education strategy of "late" mothers has a high emotional involvement, soft and inconsistent parenting. The features of maternal parenting strategies are adequately reflected by the teenagers who follow their mothers in priority of the values of family and work, or material well-being and the pursuit of hedonistic values.
Formation and Development of Psychology of Forgiveness in the United States: An Overview
Authors: Pechin Y.V.
Published: December 2015

We provide an overview of studies of the phenomenon of forgiveness in modern American psychology. We discuss the works of the leaders of this area: Robert Enright, Everett Worthington, Michael McCullough and others. The features of the American approach in psychology of forgiveness are close connection with the psychology of religion, focus on practical problems of psychotherapy and counseling, interdisciplinary research. Over three decades, a theoretical model of forgiveness and forgiveness research methodology (Enright questionnaire) have been developed, as well as several models of therapy, educational programs for teaching forgiveness to children and teenagers, peace reconciliation programs in the areas of ethnic and religious conflicts. On different samples of subjects, the healing effects of forgiveness on the psychological state have been proven (decreased feelings of resentment, anger and revenge), and positive correlation of forgiveness and altruism, the ability to gratitude, relationship satisfaction, improved physical well-being (stabilized blood pressure, boosted immune system) were reported.
Subjective Quality of Life in the Psychology of Poverty
Authors: Shapoval I.A.
Published: December 2015

The article presents a theoretical introduction to the discussion of the subjective quality of life for carriers of psychology of poverty. We revealed the socio-cultural determinants of subjective quality of life, systematize its psychological components and factors of its high level. We describe a set of characteristics of psychology of poverty, including the sense of displacement from normal life, hopelessness, fatalism, deprivation, social envy, metapathology of personality, lack of subjectivity, responsibility, an outsider position, survivor guilt complex, and so on. On the criterion of the relationship to own life we revealed types of carriers of psychology of poverty: a passive-contemplative, passive-aggressive, pseudocompensatory-devalued, infantile, anomic. We analyzed the specificity of reflection and benchmarking of carriers of psychology of poverty as a cognitive and affective strategies to assess the quality of own lives, focused on the maintenance of self-esteem.
The effect of hydroxybenzoate calcium compounds in inducing cell death in epithelial breast cancer cells
Authors: Merghani Nada M , Hazzaa Amal Al , Mahdi Eamon J G , Manning Abigail J , Buggins Andea G S , Pepper Chris , Mahdi Jassem G
Published: December 2015

Hydroxybenzoate (HB) compounds have shown their significance in inducing apoptosis in primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and cancer cell lines, including HT-1080. The current study focuses on assessing the effects of 2-, 3- and 4-hydroxybenzoate calcium (HBCa) compounds on MCF-10A, MDA-MB231 and MCF-7 epithelial breast cell lines. The HBCa-treated cells were examined using annexin V, to measure apoptosis in the three epithelial breast cell lines, after 48 h of treatment. The results indicated that 0.5 and 2.5 mmol/L of HBCa induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner. The induction of cell death in normal MCF-10A cells was found to be significantly less (p = 0.0003–0.0068), in comparison to the malignant cell lines (MDA-MB231 and MCF-7). HBCa compounds were also found to cause cell cycle arrest in the epithelial breast cells at G1/G0. Furthermore, HBCa compounds induced the upregulation of apoptotic proteins (p53, p21, Bax and caspase-3), as well as the downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, which may suggest that apoptosis is induced via the intrinsic pathway.
Paraneoplastic pemphigus: A trait d’union between dermatology and oncology
Authors: Didona Dario , Didona Biagio , Richetta Antonio G , Cantisani Carmen , Moliterni Elisa , Calvieri Stefano , Paolino Giovanni
Published: December 2015

Paraneoplastic pemphigus is a rare autoimmune disease of the skin associated with neoplasm. Nowadays, the pathogenesis of paraneoplastic pemphigus is not fully understood. Due to its rarity, various criteria have been proposed for the diagnosis. For this reason, several diagnostic methods have been considered useful for the diagnosis of paraneoplastic pemphigus including indirect immunofluorescence, direct immune of fluorescence, immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). However, the polymorphic clinical features and the various results of laboratory tests and pathological evaluation present a challenge for the clinicians.
Breve reseña sobre la Ley española 9/2014, General de Telecomunicaciones
Authors: Pérez Daniel
Published: December 2015

A nadie es ajeno el permanente avance y desarrollo al que se enfrenta el sector de las telecomunicaciones, que hace que el derecho deba estar en la capacidad de adaptarse a las necesidades y vicisitudes de esta materia. Ahora bien, España ha iniciado esta travesía por “regular lo difícilmente regulable” con la dificultad adicional de compaginar sus políticas, planes, programas y proyectos con el régimen de la Unión Europea, obteniendo como resultado de ello la Ley 9.ª de 9 de mayo de 2014, General de Telecomunicaciones.
Thermal adaptation and phosphorus shape thermal performance in an assemblage of rainforest ants
Authors: Kaspari Michael , Clay Natalie A. , Lucas Jane , Revzen Shai , Kay Adam , Yanoviak Stephen P.
Published: December 2015

We studied the Thermal Performance Curves (TPCs) of 87 species of rainforest ants and found support for both the Thermal Adaptation and Phosphorus‐Tolerance hypotheses.TPCs relate a fitness proxy (here, worker speed) to environmental temperature. Thermal Adaptation posits that thermal generalists (ants with flatter, broaderTPCs) are favored in the hotter, more variable tropical canopy compared to the cooler, less variable litter below. As predicted, species nesting in the forest canopy 1) had running speeds less sensitive to temperature; 2) ran over a greater range of temperatures; and 3) ran at lower maximum speeds. Tradeoffs between tolerance and maximum performance are often invoked for constraining the evolution of thermal generalists. There was no evidence that ant species traded off thermal tolerance for maximum speed, however. Phosphorus‐Tolerance is a second mechanism for generating ectotherms able to tolerate thermal extremes. It posits that ants active at high temperatures invest in P‐rich machinery to buffer their metabolism against thermal extremes. Phosphorus content in ant tissue varied three‐fold, and as predicted, temperature sensitivity was lower and thermal range was higher in P‐rich species. Combined, we show how the vertical distribution of hot and variable vs. cooler and stable microclimates in a single forest contribute to a diversity ofTPCs and suggest that a widely varying P stoichiometry among these ants may drive some of these differences.
Police Officers’ Attitudes and Challenges With Charging Stalking
Authors: Lynch Kellie R. , Logan TK
Published: December 2015

This study examined 2 groups of police officers on perceived barriers and attitudes related to charging stalking. Police officers who categorized into groups based on if they had (n = 73) or had not (n = 90) previously charged stalking. Results indicated that officers who had never charged stalking viewed stalking as less dangerous, believed that officers do not file reports when called for stalking, and perceived all barriers related to charging stalking as more challenging than officers who had previously charged stalking. Officers who charged stalking had greater comprehension of the stalking statute and identified specific problems within the statute. The results have implications related to improving specialized police training in an effort to better protect victims of stalking and increase stalking charges.
Does Trauma Impair Self-Control? Differences in Delaying Gratification Between Former Indentured Child Laborers and Nontraumatized Controls
Authors: Simmen-Janevska Keti , Forstmeier Simon , Krammer Sandy , Maercker Andreas
Published: December 2015

Traumatic experiences may affect an individual’s ability to exercise self-control, which is an essential characteristic for successfully managing life. As a measure of self-control, we used the delay discounting paradigm, that is, the extent to which a person devalues delayed gratification. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma and delay discounting using a control group design with elderly participants with a mean age of 76.2 years. Swiss former indentured child laborers (n = 103) who had been exposed to trauma during their childhood were compared with nontraumatized controls (n = 50). The trauma exposure group showed a considerably higher preference for immediate smaller rewards than the controls, indicating their lower self-control. A hierarchical regression analysis revealed that a history of abuse, current self-efficacy, and education were significantly associated with delay discounting. Implications for future research are discussed.
Disability and Violent Victimization in a National Sample of Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Yun Ilhong , Jung Sejong , Yoo Jusung
Published: December 2015

In the victimization literature, a significant association has been consistently observed between disability and the victimization of children and adolescents. It is largely unknown, however, whether individuals with disabilities continue to suffer from a heightened risk of violent victimization when they reach young adulthood and adulthood. In addition, despite the close nexus between victimization and perpetration, prior studies have generally failed to control for violent acts perpetrated by individuals with disabilities. This study addresses these issues by drawing on the panel design nature of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. The results show that although physical disability is not linked to victimization risk, learning disability is significantly associated with an elevated risk of violent victimization.
The Code of the Street and Violent Versus Property Crime Victimization
Authors: McNeeley Susan , Wilcox Pamela
Published: December 2015

Previous research has shown that individuals who adopt values in line with the code of the street are more likely to experience violent victimization (e.g., Stewart, Schreck, & Simons, 2006). This study extends this literature by examining the relationship between the street code and multiple types of violent and property victimization. This research investigates the relationship between street code–related values and 4 types of victimization (assault, breaking and entering, theft, and vandalism) using Poisson-based multilevel regression models. Belief in the street code was associated with higher risk of experiencing assault, breaking and entering, and vandalism, whereas theft victimization was not related to the street code. The results suggest that the code of the street influences victimization broadly—beyond violence—by increasing behavior that provokes retaliation from others in various forms.
A Donabedian Model of the Quality of Nursing Care From Nurses’ Perspectives in a Portuguese Hospital: A Pilot Study
Authors: Voyce John , Gouveia Maria J. B. , Medinas Maria A. , Santos Andreia S. , Ferreira Rogério F.
Published: December 2015

Background and Purpose: To test a Donabedian model in a pilot study of nurses’ perceptions of the quality of nursing care. Methods: Four methods for detecting the tridimensionality of perception are compared: Cronbach’s alpha, Steenbergen’s similarity coefficients, the box and whiskers plot (B&W), and the Friedman test. Results: Low alphas suggested multidimensionality; the similarity coefficients indicated confounding between two factors but B&W and the Friedman test (p < .001) suggest nurses perceive more quality in outcome than in process. Conclusions: The similarity coefficients are preferable to Cronbach’s alpha for estimating internal consistency and for detecting multidimensionality. B&W suggests the factors confounded using Steenbergen’s method occupy different levels of perception, suggesting tridimensionality. The homogeneous social group is largely responsible for the apparently contradictory results obtained from statistical analysis.
Performance and mechanism of anaerobic biotrickling filter for removal of sulfite, sulfate, and hydrosulfite
Authors: Xue Niantao , Wang Li , Zheng Tianlong , Wang Jianhua , Wang Qunhui
Published: December 2015

A biotrickling filter (BTF) was designed for removal of sulfite (SO32−), sulfate (SO42−), and hydrosulfite (HSO−3) produced from ﬂue gas adsorbent during dual-alkali ﬂue gas desulfurization. With an SO32− concentration of 0.89 g-S/(L packing), BTF could completely remove SO32− within 3 h with an elimination capacity (EC) of 296 g-S/(m3h). With an SO42− concentration of 0.60 g-S/(L packing), the removal efficiency (RE) of SO42− reached 90.3% at 5.25 h and 95% at 24 h. With an HSO−3 concentration of 0.74 g-S/(L packing), HSO−3 could not be detected in the trickling liquid at 2 h with an EC of 370 g-S/(m3h). The difference in desulfurization performance of the BTF was minor when sodium lactate and sodium acetate were used as carbon sources. Acetate was more superior when taking both the carbon/sulfur ratio (C/S) and RE into account. The total dissolved sulfide yield was over 70% with sodium acetate as the carbon source, which was 15–20% higher than that with sodium lactate. Sodium lactate was not completely degraded and acetic acid was produced. All oxidation–reduction potential values were lower than −370 mV, indicating a perfect anaerobic condition in the BTF. The BTF could efficiently treat sulfite, sulfate, and hydrosulfite and could replace the regeneration stage of the dual-alkali process.