bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imaginarios de la función ética y el sentido común en la administración deportiva
Authors: Castiblanco Roldán Andrés
Published: March 2018

Si el sentido común identifica a la función ética con la cívica y la urbanidad, así como con el leve peso de un sinnúmero de normas que indican lo que es bueno y lo que es malo, confundiéndola incluso con la moral, es necesario examinar cómo está desarrollándose su concepción en el avance profesional de la administración deportiva. El presente artículo aborda una reflexión que establece un diálogo interdisciplinario entre las ciencias humanas (antropología, sociología, psicología y filosofía) con este propósito. Primero, se tratan referencias teóricas acerca del imaginario, la ética y el sentido común para llegar a una indagación sobre los imaginarios de la función ética en las escuelas de formación, los institutos, clubes y cajas de compensación en cuanto escenarios donde se ejerce la gestión y administración deportiva. La conclusión de este artículo da con que lo lúdico y lo deportivo, desde su función administrativa y de gestión, ha de servir como óptica de administrar y operar para el deporte.
Editorial
Authors: Peña Rodríguez Faustino , Otálora Porras Nelson
Published: March 2018

Las reflexiones y propuestas prácticas asociadas a la educación y la tecnología, así como su entramado complejo de interacciones y expresiones son en la actualidad tareas y compromisos insoslayables que se presentan en un tiempo-espacio histórico en el cual la cultura se transforma, por los efectos de los eventos educativos y el influjo del fenómeno tecnológico. De esta manera, la educación y la tecnología se comprenden en sus significados y relaciones como factores esenciales de cambio de la cultura y, por ende, de los sujetos.
Políticas educativas de TIC en Colombia: entre la inclusión digital y formas de resistencia-transformación social
Authors: Rueda Ortiz Rocio , Franco-Avellaneda Manuel
Published: March 2018

El artículo aborda, en la primera parte, el contexto amplio de la Constitución Política colombiana de 1991 como hito fundamental de la transformación de la política social del país, que es acompañado por el desarrollo de un modelo económico que subordina la política a los intereses y lógica del mercado. En la segunda parte, analiza las políticas de tecnologías de la información en el campo educativo, las cuales, bajo un supuesto de democratización e inclusión social, se sustentan en un discurso determinista salvacionista, neutral y benevolente sobre lo tecnológico. En la tercera parte, describe dos experiencias locales de resistencia-transformación como prácticas educativas alternativas al modelo dominante. Entre otros aspectos, se concluye la importancia de reconocer experiencias que en el orden local, están mostrando otras arquitecturas sociotécnicas de participación ciudadana.
Presencia docente y construcción de conocimiento en una asignatura universitaria modalidad b-learning
Authors: Obando Correal Nadia Lucía , Palechor Ocampo Andrés Oswaldo , Arana Hernández Diana Marcela
Published: March 2018

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que analiza la presencia docente (pd) en una asignatura universitaria con modalidad b-learning. El estudio integra un análisis estructural y de contenido para identificar el ejercicio efectivo de la pd y el aporte de cada participante a la construcción del conocimiento. Los resultados muestran que quienes acceden frecuentemente a la plataforma para revisar el foro y hacer contribuciones en diferentes dimensiones y momentos son portadores efectivos de la pd, la cual no sería una característica exclusiva del profesor. De esta manera, el papel que desempeñan las interacciones efectivas en los procesos de aprendizaje y la construcción colaborativa del conocimiento, se considera como el soporte que da sentido a las acciones educativas en las redes asíncronas.
Actividades tecnológicas escolares: un recurso didáctico para promover una cultura de las energías renovables
Authors: Quintana Ramírez Antonio , Páez John Jairo , Téllez López Patricia
Published: March 2018

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación en la cual se diseñó y evaluó una propuesta de estructura de Actividades Tecnológicas Escolares (ate). Tales actividades permiten abordar el estudio de la tecnología en sus dimensiones técnicas y socioculturales en relación con las energías renovables. En la primera parte del texto se encuentran: las consideraciones teóricas sobre la relación energías renovables y educación y su desarrollo particular en Colombia; los presupuestos pedagógicos que sustentan este tipo de actividades, en general asociados a la perspectiva construccionista de los aprendizajes y la conceptualización de este tipo de actividades, asi como algunas reflexiones sobre la noción de cultura implicada en los procesos que se proponen su transformación. En la segunda parte se describe la propuesta pedagógica de ate organizada en dos etapas: El diseño didáctico de las actividades y la construcción de prototipos. En la tercera parte se presenta la metodología del estudio seguida de los resultados sobre la implementación y validación de la propuesta. El estudio muestra evidencias del valor didáctico de la estructura de las ate, la pertinencia del tema en la escuela y el interés y la disponibilidad por parte de estudiantes y docentes hacia un cambio cultural que mejore el uso eficiente de las energías alternativas.
Revisión de la educación y la tecnología desde una mirada pedagógica
Authors: Acevedo Zapata Sandra
Published: March 2018

El presente artículo de revisión aborda la pregunta por la producción del campo de relación entre educación y tecnología, desde una perspectiva pedagógica. Se trata de un ejercicio exploratorio fundamentado en el rastreo documental y categorial de artículos publicados por la revista Pedagogía y Saberes, en el periodo 1990–2017. El análisis propone que, para comprender dicho campo, es necesario superar los límites de la escuela y los roles asignados a ella tradicionalmente. En este sentido, se muestran algunas relaciones materializadas en nociones que exponen la mirada sobre las transformaciones culturales y educativas generadas por los desarrollos de la tecnología. El artículo se organiza en tres secciones que presentan los nodos conceptuales sobre la relación educación y tecnología: el análisis pedagógico al efecto de los medios en educación; la búsqueda de la inclusión con el uso de la tecnología y educación virtual; y la subjetividad y experiencia de interacción en entornos tecnológicos. Como conclusiones se destaca el valor de la reflexión crítica que realizan los investigadores en educación y tecnología con el análisis del efecto de los medios masivos de comunicación en educación, desde una perspectiva pedagógica; el proceso de incorporación de la tecnología para la inclusión de los sujetos con discapacidad y de las poblaciones vulnerables y la centralidad de la relación entre subjetividad y tecnología como entorno cultural.
Primer Congreso Pedagógico Nacional Colombiano de 1917. Una mirada a sus tensiones y avances
Authors: Jiménez Becerra Absalón
Published: March 2018

El presente artículo recoge, en retrospectiva, la experiencia del Primer Congreso Pedagógico Nacional realizado en Colombia en 1917. Se ubican cuatro tensiones fundamentales: el manejo de las escuelas normales, los métodos de enseñanza, los textos y los programas escolares y, por último, las tensiones entre dos formas de pedagogía, la conservadora y la liberal. Además, se señala como uno de los avances principales la creación, en marzo de 1927, del Instituto Pedagógico Nacional, que al trasegar por el método Montessori y fomentar los principios de la escuela activa contribuyó a la modernización de la pedagogía en el país y, hacia mediados de siglo xx, la conformación de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional (UPN).
¿Existe el Otro?
Authors: Sauret Marie- Jean , Sotelo Aida
Published: March 2018

Aunque todo el mundo está de acuerdo, incluso quienes no fueron sus alumnos, en atribuir la paternidad y la fecundidad del Otro con mayúscula a Jacques Lacan, pocos logran calibrar su medida conceptual: la dificultad se relaciona con la evolución que sufrió ese concepto introducido en 1955, con la longitud de los seminarios, y con las idas y venidas de Lacan al reinterpretar los mismos momentos estructurales. Inicialmente asumí la invitación a hablar del Otro como una pregunta de curso: ¿Qué sabemos del Otro? Pero luego, por sugerencia de Isabelle Morin, pensé en qué tipo de pregunta me planteaba sobre tema. Entonces me dije que de cierto modo daría ocasión para examinar de cerca eso que lleva a algunos de nuestros colegas –seguidores de Jacques-Alain Miller– a afirmar la inexistencia del Otro: ¿existe el Otro?
Reseña: Formación de nación y educación
Authors: Pinzón Ivonne Natacha
Published: March 2018

Los objetivos de Alejandro Álvarez Gallego (2010) en Formación de nación y educación fueron, primero, evidenciar cómo al nacionalismo le fue indispensable una estrategia educativa, y segundo, mostrar cómo la escuela se convirtió en una institución estratégica para los propósitos nacionalistas. Para el autor, el nacionalismo es “un modo de ser que ordenó el devenir político, social e intelectual en Colombia durante la primera mitad del siglo XX” (p. 19). Sin embargo, para ampliar sus implicaciones, distingue, por un lado, el proyecto educativo civilizatorio caracterizado por fomentar la identidad política colectiva que se conseguiría propiciando lealtad al Estado, y por otro, el proyecto nacionalista, identificado con la construcción de una identidad política colectiva, que genera sentimientos en torno a una identidad cultural. Entonces, el propósito general de ambos proyectos era el mismo: conformar una identidad política colectiva, pero mientras que el civilizatorio empleaba como medio el cumplimiento o lealtad al Estado para reemplazar el despotismo del antiguo régimen y garantizarle al pueblo superar el oscurantismo, el nacionalista empleaba como medio la idea de una raza fuerte y un pasado común para defenderse de las amenazas económicas y culturales que representaban Estados Unidos y Europa.
Blunting Protocol (M0203) v2
Authors: England Biolabs New
Published: March 2018

Protocol for blunting ends by 3' overhang removal and fill-in of 3' recessed (5' overhang) ends using T4 DNA Polymerase.
Restriction Digest v2
Authors: England Biolabs New
Published: March 2018

The following is a "typical" restriction endonuclease reaction. Please see the "guidelines" tab below for the NEB tips on optimizing restriction digests.
Cell lysis, detergent-free v1
Authors: Chan Queenie
Published: March 2018

Detergents are generally not compatible with mass spectrometers, so this is a detergent-free method of cell lysis that is compatible with mass spectrometry. Since this protocol does not have a precipitation step, it saves time and minimizes sample loss as well.
Classroom Assessments for Improving Writing Proficiency of English Language Learners: Innovation, Interaction, and Impact
Authors: Buragohain Dipima
Published: March 2018

Classroom assessments are one of the most essential educational tools which can help teachers understand what their students are learning, by means of a) identifying students’ strengths and weaknesses, b) monitoring their learning and progress, and c) planning and conducting instruction. The current study aims at investigating various strategies of classroom assessments for improving writing proficiency of English language learners (ELLs) while highlighting primarily on three parameters: 1) innovation (new and innovative classroom assessment strategies), 2) interaction (student interactivity and engagement), and 3) impact (impact of the new assessment strategies on ESL writing proficiency in particular and overall learning process and proficiency in general).
SWU-SET as a CEFR Standardized English Test
Authors: Athiworakun Chuenjit , Vathanalaoha Kriangkrai , Thongprayoon Thanakorn , Rajprasit Krich , Yaemtui Wachirapong
Published: March 2018

Language and Academic Services Centre, International College for Sustainability Studies, Srinakharinwirot University (SWU) understands and foresees the significance of using English in general and academic contexts. As parallel with international stanardized tests that are used to measure test takers‘ English proficiency, Language and Academic Services Centre attempted to construct Srinakharinwirot University Standardized English Test (SWU-SET) that can measure levels of English proficiency aligned with the concept of Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). The aims of this paper were to test quality of SWU-SET based on validity, reliability, and item discrimination and to develop items of SWU-SET aligned with the CEFR. The methodology implemented in this study included a construction of test specification and a 100-MCQ test design under the investigation of test validity, test reliabity, and test item discrimination. As a consequence, two sets of the SWU-SET were launched for a pilot study. Consequently, all test items were revised and re-launched to confirm the test quality. Then, SWU-SETs were under the process of standard mapping which conformed to the CEFR. The results and discussion were presented in this paper to show how the test was designed and spelled out how the test yielded satisfactory results as a standardized test aligned with CEFR.
Fostering Positive Listening Habits among EFL Learners through the Application of Listening Strategy and Sub-skill Instructions
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Huy
Published: March 2018

The article presents a research project carried out at University of Languages and International Studies, Hanoi, on the integration of explicit listening strategy and sub-skill instructions into listening lessons. A strategy and sub-skill integrated syllabus was devised and implemented in eight consecutive weeks. The research aimed at investigating how students improved their listening habits after being taught listening strategies and sub-skills explicitly, as well as their engagement with and perception of this new teaching method. Data were collected via individual interviews, observations, and narrative frames. The results revealed some positive effects of the intervention on students’ listening skills and habits: students knew to use strategies in listening, which led to the acquisition of listening sub-skills and improvement in their listening comprehension. Factors affecting students’ engagement with and their perceptions of the new teaching method were also substantially explored. Based on the findings, relevant pedagogical implications were proposed with the aim of equipping English teachers with practical guidelines on how to integrate explicit strategy and sub-skill instructions into their listening classes.
Looking at the Shared Conception of Teaching Literature in an Indonesian ELT Setting
Authors: Sunardi Sunardi , Akil Mansur , Arafah Burhanuddin , Salija Kisman
Published: March 2018

This paper uses the Interpretative Phenomenological Method to examine the conceptions that English literature teachers (ELITES) share about literature courses and teaching. The study investigated the experiences of four ELITES who taught literature classes at English education base faculties in three universities in Indonesia. These teachers were interviewed and observed in relation to their subject-matter knowledge in literature, their methods of teaching, their roles and the extent of their students’ learning. The findings suggest two main themes: (1) ELITES view literature courses as one of the means of learning a language rather than as a "study" in its own right, together with holding a teacher-centered approach; and (2) ELITES’ experienced relational conflicts with their students because of the students’ perceived deficiencies in understanding literature, their lack of interest in reading and discussing literary works, their lack of motivation to read and appreciate literature, and their deficiencies in English language. Achieving a greater understanding of the experiences of teachers’ conception of teaching literature can improve and influence best practice and possibly improve students’ learning. The findings of the study have implications for teacher education departments, literacy educators, literary scholars and pre-service educators.
A Survey of Effective Classroom Questioning in College English Teaching
Authors: Zhang Le
Published: March 2018

Classroom questioning is an effective teaching strategy. Questioning in classroom is not only an important source for students inputting language, but also a contributing factor for students outputting language. It plays a critical role in promoting the communication and interaction between teachers and students. Whether the class teaching is effective or not, mainly depends on questioning. Therefore, effective questioning can stimulate students’ interest and motive their enthusiasm in study and then to achieve better teaching effect. More and more attention is paid to the classroom questioning home and abroad, but there is a lack of attention given to the classroom questioning in college. On the basis of the previous achievements, the author makes a survey on the freshman majoring in English in Shanxi Normal University. And through the analysis of the situation in college classroom questioning, the author tries to discuss the existing problems and put forward some improvement suggestions. The research will help teachers to find their problems in questioning and improve their questioning skills and then to promote the English teaching.
The Role of Web-based Language Teaching on Vocabulary Retention of Adult Pre-intermediate EFL Learners
Authors: Hajebi Mustapha , Taheri SeddiQ , Fahandezh Farhad , Salari Hosain
Published: March 2018

This research is done to prove the effect of web-based language learning on the vocabulary improvement of the subjects of the study and to seek the attitudes of the learners on the use of web-based approach in the language class. In order to ensure the homogeneity of the students, a modified Michigan test (version1997) was presented and students were divided into one experimental group (n1=33) who learned their course vocabularies making use of free vocabulary learning sites of IELTS English language learning site every day for 8 weeks and one control group (n2=33) who received ordinary classroom instructions each session. The result appeared to manifest that learners’ perception improve by incorporating web based instruction in language learning classroom. It also indicated a significant difference between experimental and control group with regard to their vocabulary knowledge. WBL instruction enhanced EFL learners' vocabulary knowledge. The findings of this study may offer some implications for language teaching and learning. To begin with, these findings can be beneficial for language learning curriculum designers to present tasks that enrich both the language of the students and their motivation to apply on-line web sites for autonomous learning of language.
A Study on the C-E Translation of Expressions with Chinese Characteristics in 2017 National Government Work Report from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence
Authors: Xu Tenglong , Hua Yan
Published: March 2018

Nowadays China plays an increasingly important role in international arena and draws great attention from all over the world. Government Work Report (GWR) reflects the latest and most authoritative work of the present situation in China, which not only summarizes the past work experience, but also puts forward the future work plan. The C-E translation of 2017 GWR is a good reference for people who are interested in C-E translation of political texts and provides a glimpse of China’s national conditions for foreign countries. Considering the linguistic and cultural differences between Chinese and English, the author studies the expressions with Chinese characteristics in the 2017 Government Work Report (2017GWR) from perspective of functional equivalence.
The Literacies Effectiveness of Short Story Writing Learning Model
Authors: Masie Sitti Rachmie , Siswanto Wahyudi , Pratiwi Yuni , Suwignyo Heri
Published: March 2018

This research method was a development research employing Borg and Gall (R & D) model which aims at developing short story writing learning material. The research steps were: (1) conducting a preliminary study or research to find the research findings related to the product, (2) developing the product based on the preliminary study, (3) conducting the field test, and (4) revising the product to improve the weaknesses found during field trials. The results of the study showed that first, the quality of short story writing learning requires creative strategies to achieve learning objectives. Second, the results of text-writing learning model assessment using conversion text encompassing entrepreneurial values obtained a positive score from the expert test, practitioner test, small field test, and extensive field test. Third, the learning model of short story writing with text conversion strategy encompassing entrepreneurial values can significantly improve the ability of students to write short stories compared to conventional models.
A Comparative Study of the Effect of Portfolio and Dialogue Journal Assessment on Iranian EFL Learners' Writing Performance
Authors: Kobra Seiflou , Hossein Hashemnezhad
Published: March 2018

The aim of the present quasi-experimental study is to investigate the effect of dialogue journal assessment and portfolio assessment on Iranian EFL learners’ writing performance. To do this, 90 intermediate EFL students from 150 students in Omid –Mofid English Language institute in Khoy were non-randomly chosen. They were male and female (58 females and 32 males) and their age range is between 20-32. Then they were randomly divided into three groups of 30: a control group receiving only the routine instruction, and two experimental groups receiving portfolio and dialogue journal, respectively. Topic based paragraph writing as pretest and posttest were given to the participants of three groups to detect their writing ability at the beginning and at end of study. The result of the study showed that portfolio assessment group, the dialogue journal group and the control group performed significantly different on the post test. Students in portfolio assessment group outperformed than the student in dialogue journal group and performance of dialogue journal group was better than control group in their writing performance. Finally, some implications are provided for EFL teachers, learners, and syllabus designers.
SOME CONSTRAINTS ON HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICS PERFORMANCE: AWI-ZONE & WEST- GOJAM, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Ahmed Adem Mohammed
Published: March 2018

This study was designed to examine the possible constraints that can affect high school students’ mathematics performance in five selected high schools in Awi-zone and west Gojam. Observations and reports from examining bodies revealed that a high percentage of secondary school students continue to perform poorly in mathematics examinations. From a total of nine high schools, five were selected using simple random sampling technique. The respective sections were selected using purposive sampling techniques. Four sections were selected from each school. Then, two hundred samples of students were employed using comprehensive sampling technique. To obtain data, questionnaire, classroom observation, and semi-structured interviews were used. Fifty students from each school were selected using simple random sampling technique for the questionnaire. Similarly, three teachers from each of the sample school were selected using simple random sampling technique for the questionnaire, classroom observation and interview. The quantitative data were analyzed using one sample t- test whereas the qualitative one was analyzed using descriptive interpretations. The findings showed that students have laid claim on the problem of scoring passing mark as a result of poor mathematics performance. In addition, the result indicates that teachers possess the theories and their application of indirect instruction, organizing mathematics lessons, classroom management using assessment techniques. The findings also implied that there are opportunities to improve students’ performance in mathematics in the high schools to the expected level. Furthermore, the findings showed that paraphrasing math word problems improves performance of some students. In relation to the findings of the study, recommendations are forwarded.
PIWI-Etkileşimli RNA’ların Biyogenezi ve İşlevleri
Authors: Kartlaşmış Kezban , Kökbaş Umut , Kayrın Levent
Published: March 2018

Küçük RNA aracılı gen regülasyonu, biyolojide tekrarlanan bir konudur. Hayvan germ hücreleri, PIWI yolu olarak bilinen ilginç bir küçük RNA aracılı gen susturma mekanizması ile karakterizedir. PIWI etkileşimli RNA'lar (piRNA'lar) genomun koruyucuları olarak davranan, invaziv transpoze edilebilir elementlerden koruyan endojen küçük RNA'lardır. Bağlandıkları PIWI proteinine bağlı olarak, piRNA'lar 25-33 nt uzunluğundadır. piRNA'lar, piRNA kümeleri olarak adlandırılan farklı transpozonlardan elde edilir. piRNA'ların nasıl üretildiği belirsizliğini koruyor ancak potansiyel yöntemler önerilmektedir. Biyogenez yolağı, miRNA ve siRNA'dan farklı olarak rasiRNA'lar da piRNA alttürlerindendir. Bu derlemenin amacı, piRNA dünyasında piRNA faktörlerini, biyogenezini, gonadal olmayan fonksiyonu ve genom bütünlüğünün korunmasındaki rolünü vurgulamaktır.
Mikrokimerizm ve Meme Kanseri
Authors: DÜNDAR Tuğba , ÖZSOY Sevgi
Published: March 2018

Meme kanseri dünya üzerinde en sık görülen kanser türleri arasında yer almaktadır. Meme kanseri ile ilgili çalışılan konulardan birisi de mikrokimerizmdir. Mikrokimerizm, farklı iki bireye ait DNA ve hücrelerin bir arada tek bir kişide bulunmasıdır. Organ transplantasyonu, kan nakli, gebelik, doğum ya da emzirme gibi durumlar, iki farklı birey arasında DNA ve hücre geçişinin, diğer bir deyişle mikrokimerizmin oluşumuna yol açar. Gebelik sırasında fetüsten anneye geçen hücrelerin, annenin vücudunda uzun yıllar yaşayabildiği bilinmektedir. Mikrokimerik hücreler, yıllarca insan vücudunda hiçbir etki yapmadan kalabildiği gibi, otoimmün hastalıklara neden olabilmekte ya da doku rejenerasyonunda rol oynayabilmektedir. Mikrokimerik hücreler, doku rejenerasyonunda oynadıkları rolle bazı hastalıkların ya da kanserin gelişimini önleyebilmekte veya yavaşlatabilmektedir. Bu derlemede, mikrokimerizmin meme kanseri oluşumu üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir.
Voltaj Kapılı Kalsiyum Kanalları ve Moleküller Özellikleri
Authors: EMRE Mustafa
Published: March 2018

Nöron, kas ve endokrin gibi hücrelerden elde edilen elektrobiyofizik kayıtlar, belirgin karakteristiklere sahip ve voltajla aktive edilebilen kalsiyum (Ca2+) akımların olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Kalsiyum kanalları aktivasyon durumlarına göre düşük voltajla aktive olan (LVA), düşük eşikli kalsiyum kanallar ve yüksek voltajla aktive olan (HVA), yüksek eşikli kalsiyum kanalları olarak kategorize edilmiştir. Voltaj kapılı kalsiyum kanalları; aktivasyon ve inaktivasyon kinetiklerine, iyon özelliklerine, geçirgenliklerine, ilaç ve toksinlere olan duyarlıklarına göre sınıflandırılmışlar. Voltaj bağımlı kalsiyum kanalların dokulardaki dağılımları farklı olup, değişik dokularda değişik karekteristikler gösterirler. Bu derlemede, voltaj kapılı kalsiyum kanallarıyla ilgili mevcut bilgiler özetlenmiştir.
Epilepside Perioperatif Yönetim ve Anestezi
Authors: ILGINEL Murat Türkeün , LAFLI TUNAY Demet , GÜNEŞ Yasemin
Published: March 2018

Epilepsi paroksismal, tekrarlayıcı nöbetlerle seyreden klinik bir hastalık olup popülasyonun önemli oranını etkiler; böylelikle epilepsili hastalar anestezi uygulamalarının önemli bir bileşenini oluşturmaktadır. Antiepileptik ajanların anestezi üzerine etkisi olabilecek birçok fizyolojik ve farmakolojik etkisi mevcuttur; bunun yanı sıra anestezik ajanların kendilerinin de nöbet aktivitesini modüle etme veya güçlendirme kapasitesi vardır. Bu derlemede epilepsili olguların perioperatif yönetiminde izlenecek planı; ayrıca güncel epilepsi cerrahisine özgü anestezik yaklaşımı ortaya koymayı amaçladık.
Ruhsal Bozukluklarda Uyku
Authors: KESKİN Necla , TAMAM Lut
Published: March 2018

Fizyolojik bir gereksinim olan uyku öğrenme, bellek ve duygudurumun düzenlenmesi ile ilişkilidir. Ruhsal bozuklukların çoğunda görülen yakınmaların başında, uykunun nicelik ve niteliğindeki değişmeler gelir. Depresyon başta olmak üzere bipolar bozukluk, şizofreni, madde bağımlılığı, anksiyete bozuklukları gibi birçok ruhsal bozuklukta bu uyku sorunları gözlenir ve hastalık sürecini etkiler. Bu yazıda, ruhsal bozuklukların seyri, tedavi yanıtı ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine olumsuz etkileri olduğu bilinen uyku bozuklukları tartışılmıştır.
Bel Ağrısında Tamamlayıcı ve Alternatif Tedavi
Authors: YARAŞIR Ezgi , PİRİNÇCİ Edibe , DEVECİ Süleyman Erhan
Published: March 2018

Bel ağrısının tedavisinde de fizik tedavi, ilaç tedavisi ya da cerrahi girişim gibi çeşitli yöntemlere başvurulmakta, fakat bu yöntemlerle her zaman etkin bir tedavi sağlanamamaktadır. Tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedavi;  bel ağrısı tedavisinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bel ağrılarında hidroterapi (balneoterapi), yoga, ozon, masaj, aromaterapi, meditasyon, proloterapi, osteopati,  kayropraktik, akupunktur, bardak çekme,  homeopati, refleksoloji gibi tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedavi yöntemleri uygulanmakta ve bel ağrısına sahip kişiler bu tedavilerden olumlu sonuç alabilmektedirler. Günümüzde bel ağrılarında tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedavi yaygınlaşmakta ve bu da uygulanma oranını arttırmaktadır.
Performance of osteoporosis self-assessment tool in detecting low bone mineral density in menopausal women
Authors: Haryono Ignatio Rika , Prastowo Nawanto Agung
Published: March 2018

BackgroundThe osteoporosis self-assessment tool (OST) is a simple screening tool to assess risk of osteoporosis and to select high risk women for dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examination. This study aimed to evaluate OST performance in detecting low bone mineral density (BMD) in menopausal women.MethodsA cross-sectional study involving 60 menopausal women aged 50-65 years. The OST score was calculated from: [weight (kg) – age (yr)] x 0.2. Subjects were classified by OST score into low risk (OST ³2) and high risk (OST< 2) groups. BMD was determined by DXA at 3 bone locations (L1-L4, femoral neck, and total hip). DXA T-scores were categorized into: normal BMD (T-score >-1) and low BMD (T-score £-1). Independent t-test was used to compare subject characteristics between OST groups. Diagnostic performance of OST was evaluated by measuring sensitivity, specificity, positive & negative predictive value (PPV, NPV), positive & negative likelihood ratio (PLR, NLR) and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC). Significance was set at p<0.05.ResultsSubject characteristics and BMD between groups were significantly different (p<0.05). Most subjects (44/73.3%) had high risk of low BMD (OST < 2). Low BMD (T score £-1) was found in 43 subjects (71.7%) at L1-L4, 41 subjects (68.3%) at femoral neck, and 37 subjects (61.7%) at total hip. Diagnostic performance of OST was significant at total hip BMD (sensitivity=0.946, AUC=0.777).Conclusion We conclude that use of the OST score in menopausal women is effective and has adequate sensitivity and specificity. The highest diagnostic performance of OST is on total hip BMD.
Pediatric idiopathic hypercalciuria with bilateral nephrolithiasis and hypertensive urgency
Authors: Yolanda Natharina , Irene Irene
Published: March 2018

BackgroundPediatric nephrolithiasis is an important cause of morbidity worldwide. Even with low prevalence, nephrolithiasis can cause detrimental long-term effects on kidney function. Idiopathic hypercalciuria is the most common cause of renal stones in children. This case report presents a pediatric patient with bilateral nephrolithiasis and hydronephrosis associated with underlying idiopathic hypercalciuria.Case descriptionWe report on a 17-month-old boy presenting with two days of high fever, irritability, nausea, and poor feeding. The patient had been diagnosed with bilateral nephrolithiasis at the age of 6 months. On examination, the patient was febrile and hypertensive. Laboratory evaluation revealed anemia, leukocytosis, normokalemia, normocalcemia, and normal glomerular filtration rate. Blood gases were within normal limits. Urinalysis revealed pH 5.0, hematuria, pyuria, and bacteriuria. Urine culture was positive for Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacter gergoviae. Electrolyte analysis from urine samples revealed hypercalciuria. Ultrasonography found stones at the left ureteropelvic junction with corresponding grade I hydronephrosis and stones in the right lower calyx without hydronephrosis. The patient was treated with antibiotics, an antihypertensive agent, thiazide diuretics, and was referred to a pediatric urologist.ConclusionThis case can be considered as idiopathic. Most children with renal stones have metabolic risk factors including enteric, endocrinologic, or renal sources. Metabolic evaluation is mandatory in pediatric renal stone patients and hypercalciuria is an important etiology to be evaluated. Ignorance of the underlying metabolic abnormality or failure in its identification in pediatric urolithiasis could lead to catastrophic long-term effects.
Safety of bronchoscopic guided percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in ICU patients in Tabriz City
Authors: Hejazi Mohammad Esmaeil , Rezazadehsaatlou Mohammadamin , Namvar Leila , Sadeghi Armin , Hejazi Veghar , Hejazi Yasin , Aghazadeh Katrin Buyuk
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDTracheostomy is one of the most frequently performed procedures in intensive care units. The widespread attraction of percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) is increasing in modern intensive care units (ICU). Bronchoscopic guidance seems to secure the safety of the technique. Multiple studies done to explain characterize differences in complications and cost-effectiveness of open and percutaneous tracheotomy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) using the Ciaglia technique with bronchoscopic guidance.METHODSA total of 100 elective percutaneous dilatational tracheostomies using the Ciaglia technique with a little modification were performed under flexible fiber optic bronchoscopic guide. The demographic variables were recorded, the underlying cause for patient’s referred to the center for PDT, and intraoperative as well as early postoperative complications. Patients followed for several days after tracheostomy for early complications.RESULTSNo severe complications related to percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy were noticed during and after the procedure. Three patients had bleeding during incision and two led to subcutaneus hematoma. There were no other complications such as infection, emphysema and puncture of  posterior wall.CONCLUSIONSWe recommended the use of endoscopic guidance bedside percutaneous tracheostomy using the Ciaglia technique with a little modification because it is safe and simple to do without significant complications. PDT with bronchoscopic guidance is a safe and easy procedure that can be done at the bedside setting.
Combination of aerobic exercise and Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. increased nitric oxide in rats
Authors: Adriani Donna , Siagian Minarma , Irawati Dewi
Published: March 2018

Background Hypertension and myocardial infarction account for the high rate of mortality globally. Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) Linn. is rich in antioxidants and previous studies have demonstrated its anti-hypertensive effects. Several studies show that regular physical activity is an important component to reduce cardiovascular mortality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a combination of aerobic exercise and HS extract on nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in rats. MethodsAn experimental study was conducted on 36 male Wistar rats, aged 4 weeks and 60-70 g in weight. The interventions were aerobic exercises and HS at 400 mg/kg BW/day administered for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The rats were randomized into 12 groups: 3 control groups (C4, C8, C12), 3 aerobic exercise groups (A4, A8, A12), 3 HS groups (H4, H8, H12), and 3 combination groups [aerobic exercise and HS] (HA4, HA8, HA12). After 4, 8, and 12 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and their abdominal aorta was collected for determination of nitric oxide and ET-1 concentrations. One way ANOVA was used to analyze the data. ResultsThere was a significant difference in NO levels between all groups, with the 4-week aerobic exercise group (A4) showing the highest NO levels compared to the other eleven groups (p<0.05). In contrast, the ET-1 levels were not significantly different between all groups. Conclusions This study demonstrated that the combination of HS supplementation and aerobic exercise increases NO in rats, and provided further evidence to the traditional use of the plant as an antioxidants agent.
Cost variation among antiretroviral drugs: pharamcoeconomical prospective
Authors: Jiwane Dinesh , Srivastav Arun Kumar , Arya Neelesh , Mehar Mithlesh
Published: March 2018

Background: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disorder caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Main characteristic feature of AIDS includes severe immunosuppression which leads to opportunistic infections which is a main cause of death and requires a lifelong therapy. There exists wide range of cost variation in antiretroviral drugs that are marketed in India. The current study aims to view the existing situation of antiretroviral drugs, by collecting data about the cost of common antiretroviral drugs available either singly or in combination and to evaluate the difference in cost of different brands of same active drug by calculating percentage cost variation.Methods: Data for calculating cost ratio and percentage price variation of various antiretroviral drugs was obtained from “Current Index of Medical Specialties” October 2017-January2018.Results: Zidovudine 100mg shows maximum cost ratio and price variation followed by Lamivudin 100mg in the single drug therapy. Lamivudine 150mg + Zidovudine 300mg shows maximum price variation in combination drug therapy.Conclusions: Indian market shows wide price variation of different brands of the same generic antiretroviral drug. To decrease the wide cost variation among different brands of antiretroviral drugs; it is time to create awareness among healthcare professionals about impact of cost effectiveness of drug regimen and decrease the financial burden on the patients.
Rare case of symptomatic (painful) fibrous dysplasia of 12th Rib
Authors: Sharma Jeevan Kumar , Chaudhary Pashupati , Das Janak
Published: March 2018

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a common benign intra- medullary lesion of the skeleton characterized by proliferation of fibro-osseous tissue. It is viewed as a developmental abnormality that is typically seen in adolescents and young adults. It can present as monostotic (70% to 80%), polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (20% to 30%), McCune-Albright syndrome (2% to 3%), or Mazabraud’s syndrome. Monostotic fibrous dysplasia accounts upto 30% in the ribs. It is often asymptomatic and incidentally detected on radiographs. We report a case of a 35-year-old lady who presented with swelling on the right chest wall of 5-year duration and was increasing in size and painful for 8 months. Her chest radiograph showed a cystic mass of the 12th rib. On computed tomography scan, mass turned out to be focal lytic lesion of the 12th rib. Surgical resection of 12th rib was done. Histopathology of the lesion confirmed the diagnosis of FD. Although it is fairly common in ribs, no previous literatures on FD of 12th rib was found.
Clinical study and management of vesical calculus
Authors: Malladad Nagaraj , Manjunath Darshan A. , Anil R. , Radhakrishna Veerabhadra
Published: March 2018

Background: Vesical calculus accounts for 5% urolithiasis and is the most common urolithiasis in pediatric age. Although incidence has drastically reduced of late, vesical calculi continue to occupy an important place in everyday urological practice. Hence a study was performed to evaluate the clinical presentation and management of vesical calculus.Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery in a tertiary center between December 2012 to May 2014.Results: A total of 42 patients with vesical calculi were studied. Males were more affected than females (6:1). Pain abdomen was the most common presentation (71%). Fifty-two percentage patients were using bore well water to drink. Ultrasonography was the most sensitive investigation. All the cases were treated by surgical modality. Fifty percentage cases were treated with transurethral cystolithotripsy using 80-watt holmium laser. Twenty-one percentage cases underwent Percutaneous cystolithotripsy and the remaining 12 (29%) underwent the open suprapubic cystolithotomy. No complication was noted following percutaneous cystolithotripsy. Most of the vesical calculi were of mixed variety with predominant composition being calcium phosphate, calcium oxalate, and uric acid.Conclusions: Vesical calculus most commonly affects children less than ten years. Most of them present with pain abdomen. Low socio-economic status is more affected. Drinking hard water carries a high risk of vesical calculus. Ultrasonography is the investigation of choice in vesical calculus as it is 100% sensitive.
Depressive symptoms in type II diabetics of a tertiary care hospital in southern India
Authors: B. S. Nagaraja , K. R. Divya Sharma
Published: March 2018

Background: International diabetes federation has highlighted that “the diabetic epidemic is here and threatens to overwhelm health systems if unchecked’’. The global prevalence of diabetes among adults has risen from 4.7% in 1980 to 8.5% in 2014. India unfortunately tops the list of countries with the largest number of people living with diabetes. Diabetes and depression are independent risk factors for one another and both are associated with increased risk of cognitive decline. Prevalence of depression is doubled in Diabetes mellitus, and also appears to vary by type of Diabetes mellitus, race/ethnicity, and duration of diabetes and associated debilitating complications and co-morbidities. Various studies using different methodology have revealed varying prevalence of depression. Data on this association of Diabetes and depression is limited in Indian context.Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted on type 2 Diabetics attending outpatient department of Victoria and Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital. Data regarding duration and treatment of diabetes, HbA1c levels and associated comorbidities were collected along with basic particulars of the patient. Becks depression questionnaire were used for analyzing the depressive symptoms.Results: A total of 302 diabetic patients were included in the study, out of which Males were 156 and Females were 146. Severe depressive symptoms were found in 18.21% of diabetics, and moderate depressive symptoms were found in 39.74% of study population. It is also found that the significant predictors of these depressive symptoms are increasing age, longer duration of diabetes, treatment intensity.Conclusions: In conclusion depressive symptoms are more common in diabetic subjects compared to non-diabetic population. Especially this increases with duration of diabetes and uncontrolled sugars. Hence there is a need to screen all diabetes subjects for depression.
Assessment of carotid intima-media thickness in hypothyroidism and the effect of thyroid replacement therapy
Authors: Vijayan Varun , K. Jayasingh , G. Jayaraman , Green Siva Ranganathan , E. Deyagarasan
Published: March 2018

Background: Carotid artery intima-media thickness (CAIMT) measurement in hypothyroidism will help assess the progression of atherosclerosis and timely intervention may prevent vascular complications.Methods: This study included 30 clinical hypothyroid (CH), 30 subclinical hypothyroid (SCH) and 30 euthyroid. As per procedure, informed consent was taken from the patients in prescribed formats before their participation in the study. Patients were divided into 3 groups of CHs, SCH and Controls after obtaining the thyroid function test values. CAIMT on the right side was measured in the three groups for comparison. Other parameters included age, sex, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol and triglycerides. After 4 months of levothyroxine therapy, CAIMT, total cholesterol and triglycerides were reassessed.Results: The CAIMT was increased in CH and SCH group when compared to euthyroid individuals. The mean CAIMT in CH group was 0.60±0.009cm, in SCH group it was 0.055±0.010 cm and in controls it was 0.047±0.006 cm. After 4 months of levothyroxine therapy, there was no change observed in the mean CAIMT values.Conclusions: CAIMT levels were increased in CH and SCH group when compared to euthyroid group. There was no regression of CAIMT after 4 months of levothyroxine therapy.
A study of incidence, causes and management of cut throat injuries
Authors: Kumar Chappidi Aruna , Chilukuri Anita
Published: March 2018

Background: Cut throat injuries is trauma that needs prolonged hospitalization, high cost of health care and reduced quality of life and above all death. The aim of the study was to study on cut throat of injuries including its incidence factors provoked and management.

Methods: it is prospective study conducted for a period of 2 years. A total of 30 cases of cut throat injuries were included in the study of patients from age group 5-70 yrs.  

Results: Male to female ratio was (9:1). Cut throat injury was more common in males who came from rural area. Most of them were unemployed and of low socioeconomic group and of low education level. Cut throat injuries were common in Hindu religion followed by Muslims. The most common cause of cut throat injury in our study was homicidal 17(56.6%) followed by suicidal 9 (30%) and accidental 4(13.3%). In our study 11(36.6%) cut throats were superficial and 19 (63.33%) were deep. 19 (63.33) cases sustained grieveous injury with 7 patients were dead. In all the cases (100%) skin, soft tissue and small vessels were severed. The laryngotracheal injury was present in 12 cases. The majority of patients reached the hospital between 6-10 hours. Simple wound closure was done in 17 cases. 30 patients 23 patients had improved in follow up with no complaint of alteration in voice. 12 (40%) patients had stay of around 0–10 days and with only 10 (33.33%).

Conclusions: with the advent of newer diagnostic modalities management of cut throat injuries which allow more precise and better management of cut throat injuries. The management of cut throat injuries require a multidisciplinary approach requiring the close collaboration of the otolaryngologist, the anaesthetist and the psychiatrist.