bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sparse Convolutional Neural Networks for particle classification in ProtoDUNE-SP events
Authors: Abed Abud Adam
Published: February 2023

Deep Learning (DL) methods and Computer Vision are becoming important tools for event reconstruction in particle physics detectors. In this work, we report on the use of submanifold sparse convolutional neural networks (SparseNets) for the classification of track and shower hits from a DUNE prototype liquid-argon detector at CERN (ProtoDUNE-SP). By taking advantage of the three-dimensional nature of the problem we use a set of nine input features to classify sparse and locally dense hits associated to track or shower particles. The SparseNet has been trained on a test sample and shows promising results: efficiencies and purities greater than 90%. This has also been achieved with a considerable speedup and substantially less resource utilization with respect to other DL networks such as graph neural networks. This method offers great scalability advantages for future large neutrino detectors such as the planned DUNE experiment.
Supernova Light Curves Approximation based on Neural Network Models
Authors: Demianenko Mariia , Samorodova Ekaterina , Sysak Mikhail , Shiriaev Aleksandr , Malanchev Konstantin , Derkach Denis , Hushchyn Mikhail
Published: February 2023

Photometric data-driven classification of supernovae becomes a challenge due to the appearance of real-time processing of big data in astronomy. Recent studies have demonstrated the superior quality of solutions based on various machine learning models. These models learn to classify supernova types using their light curves as inputs. Preprocessing these curves is a crucial step that significantly affects the final quality. In this talk, we study the application of multilayer perceptron (MLP), bayesian neural network (BNN), and normalizing flows (NF) to approximate observations for a single light curve. We use these approximations as inputs for supernovae classification models and demonstrate that the proposed methods outperform the state-of-the-art based on Gaussian processes applying to the Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey light curves. MLP demonstrates similar quality as Gaussian processes and speed increase. Normalizing Flows exceeds Gaussian processes in terms of approximation quality as well.
Using AI to predict calibration constants for the central drift chamber in GlueX at Jefferson Lab
Authors: Jeske Torri , McSpadden Diana , Kalra Nikhil , Britton Thomas , Jarvis Naomi , Lawrence David
Published: February 2023

The AI for Experimental Controls project team at Jefferson Lab has developed an AI system to control and calibrate a large drift chamber system in near-real time. The AI system will monitor environmental and experimental variables to recommend voltage settings that maintain consistent dE/dx gain and optimal resolution throughout the experiment. At present, calibrations are performed after data have been recorded and require a considerable amount of time and attention from experts. The calibrations currently require multiple iterations and depend on accurate tracking information. Our approach uses environmental data, such as atmospheric pressure and gas temperature, and beam conditions, such as the flux of incident particles, as inputs to a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model. For the data taken during the GlueX 2020 run period, the GPR is able to predict the existing gain correction factors to within 3.5%. This talk will briefly describe the development, testing, and future plans for this system at Jefferson Lab.
Efficient charged particle propagation methods
Authors: Reichherzer P. , Becker Tjus J.
Published: February 2023

In astrophysics, the search for sources of the highest-energy cosmic rays continues. For further progress, not only ever better observatories but also ever more realistic numerical simulations are needed. We compare different approaches for numerical test simulations of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays in the intergalactic magnetic field and show that all methods provide correct statistical propagation characteristics of the particles in means of their diffusive behaviour. Through convergence tests, we show that the necessary requirements for the methods differ and ultimately reveal significant differences in the required simulation time.
FeynCalc goes multiloop
Authors: Shtabovenko Vladyslav
Published: February 2023

We report on the new functionality of the open-source MATHEMATICA package FEYNCALC relevant for multiloop calculations. In particular, we focus on such tasks as topology identification by means of the Pak algorithm, search for equivalent master integrals and their graph representations as well as automatic derivations of Feynman parametric representations for a wide class of multiloop integrals. The functions described in this report are expected to be finalized with the official release of FEYNCALC 10. The current development snapshot of the package including the documentation is publicly available on the project homepage. User feedback is highly encouraged.
A Flexible Divergence Elimination Method for Calculating Lepton Magnetic Moments in Quantum Electrodynamics
Authors: Volkov Sergey
Published: February 2023

A precise calculation of the lepton anomalous magnetic moments (AMM) requires an evaluation of the quantum electrodynamics (QED) Feynman diagrams up to five independent loops. The complicated structure of ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR) and mixed divergences in the corresponding integrals makes it difficult to calculate these high-order contributions in reasonable computer time frame.

We demonstrate a method that eliminates all divergences point by point in Feynman parametric space (before integration) and possesses a flexibility that can be used for improving the precision of the numerical integration. This flexibility is especially actual for calculating the contributions of the Feynman diagrams with electron loops to the muon AMM. 3-loop and 4-loop numerical test results are provided.

The subtraction procedure is based on a forest formula with linear operators applied to the Feynman amplitudes of UV divergent subdiagrams. It is similar to BPHZ; the difference is in the linear operators used and in the way of combining them. It is equivalent to the on-shell renormalization after summation over diagrams: no residual renormalization is required.
Machine learning efforts in Sherpa
Authors: Janßen T , Schumann S
Published: February 2023

Modern machine learning methods offer great potential for increasing the efficiency of Monte Carlo event generators. We present the latest developments in the context of the SHERPA event generation framework. These include phase space sampling amended by normalizing flows and a new unweighting procedure based on neural-network surrogates for the full matrix elements. We discuss corresponding general construction criteria and show examples of efficiency gains for selected LHC production processes.
Mixed QCD-EW two-loop amplitudes for neutral current Drell-Yan production
Authors: Rana Narayan
Published: February 2023

We present the mixed QCD-EW two-loop virtual amplitudes for the neutral current Drell-Yan production. The evaluation of the two-loop amplitudes is one of the bottlenecks for the complete calculation of the NNLO mixed QCD-EW corrections. We present the computational details, especially the evaluation of all the relevant two-loop Feynman integrals using analytical and semi-analytical methods. We perform the subtraction of universal infrared singularities and present the numerical evaluation of the hard function.
An open-source modular framework for quantum computing
Authors: Carrazza S. , Efthymiou S. , Lazzarin M. , Pasquale A.
Published: February 2023

In this proceedings we describe the current development status and recent technical achievements of Qibo, an open-source framework for quantum simulation. After a concise overview of the project goal, we introduce the modular layout for backend abstraction released in version 0.1.7. We discuss the advantages of each backend choice with particular emphasis on hardware accelerators for quantum state vector simulation. Finally, we summarize the primitives and models currently available.
Optimising hadronic collider simulations using amplitude neural networks
Authors: Moodie Ryan
Published: February 2023

Precision phenomenological studies of high-multiplicity scattering processes at collider experiments present a substantial theoretical challenge and are vitally important ingredients in experimental measurements. Machine learning technology has the potential to dramatically optimise simulations for complicated final states. We investigate the use of neural networks to approximate matrix elements, studying the case of loop-induced diphoton-plus-jets production through gluon fusion. We train neural network models on one-loop amplitudes from the NJet C++ library and interface them with the Sherpa Monte Carlo event generator to provide the matrix element within a realistic hadronic collider simulation. Computing some standard observables with the models and comparing to conventional techniques, we find excellent agreement in the distributions and a reduced total simulation time by a factor of thirty.
Three-loop topology analysis of neutral B-meson mixing with tapir
Authors: Gerlach Marvin
Published: February 2023

Modern advances in particle physics depend strongly on the usage of reliable computer programs. In this context two issues become important: The usage of powerful algorithms to handle the amount of evaluated data properly, and a software architecture capable of overcoming the problems of maintainability and extendability. We present our approach to such a computer program, called tapir. This tool assists computations in perturbative quantum field theory in many ways. Such calculations often involve the evaluation of a large amount of Feynman diagrams with multiple loops. tapir helps in reducing the number of diagrams, and the resulting integrals thereof, by identifying and minimizing their topological structure. We will focus on a three-loop calculation which is needed for the next-to-next-to leading order predictions of neutral B-meson systems. We show how tapir can be utilized for this kind of calculation.
DC-DC converters for the CMS MTD BTL and ECAL for HL-LHC
Authors: Gadek T. , Dissertori G. , Grossner U. , Stachon K. , Lustermann W.
Published: February 2023

The Minimum Ionizing Particle Timing Detector (MTD) will be introduced in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment to measure the production time of Minimum Ionizing Particles (MIPs). Power Conversion Cards (PCCs) regulates and supplies low voltage to front end electronics of the MTD barrel, the Barrel Timing Layer (BTL). The PCCs host three radiation and magnetic field tolerant DC-DC converters. The physical height of the PCC is limited to 7 mm, having necessitated development of custom inductors and shields. Additionally, the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter will be upgraded. On-detector Low Voltage Regulator (LVR) cards host four DC-DC converters and one linear regulator. In these proceedings we will present both cards’ designs evolution, stack-up and layout optimization, noise filtering choices and a performance evaluation.
Ecohydrological impacts of oil palm expansion: a systematic review
Authors: Gómez Angélica M , Parra Adriana , Pavelsky Tamlin M , Wise Erika , Villegas Juan Camilo , Meijide Ana
Published: February 2023

Global demand for vegetable oil and high oil palm yield have driven the rapid expansion of oil palm plantations in tropical countries. The research literature widely recognizes the effects of forest cover conversion into oil palm on biodiversity, deforestation, and carbon dynamics. However, research on the ecohydrological impacts of oil palm plantations is sparse, despite studies indicating that oil palm development may reshape land-water interactions and the availability and movement of water at different spatial and temporal scales. We address this gap by conducting a systematic literature review on oil palm development and its relation to ecohydrological processes. We found 139 relevant papers up to the year 2021, addressing different ecohydrological processes related to oil palm. We reviewed their spatiotemporal scales, geographic distribution, oil palm species and age, and the effects of land conversion from forest, cropland, and pastures. We also incorporated societal aspects regarding community perceptions of water. Our review highlights the effects of oil palm plantations on three main components of the water cycle: (i) land-atmosphere, (ii) fluvial systems, and (iii) soils and groundwater. Most studies include analyses of the Indo-Malayan and Australasian biogeographical regions (113), followed by the Neotropics (49) and the Afrotropics (15). Compared to rainforests, oil palm monocultures are warmer and drier. They have higher evapotranspiration (ET) rates, lower runoff regulation and infiltration capacity, and lower soil organic carbon (SOC). Although less often implemented, alternative oil palm management practices, including oil palm agroforestry, can help to mitigate some of these effects. Forest to oil palm conversion is the most studied land transition, while conversions from croplands, pastures, and grasslands are less studied. Overall, we identify gaps in understanding the long-term effects of management on ecohydrological processes under different land conversions, especially in the Neotropics and the Afrotropics, precluding research-informed policy to manage impacts of this expanding crop.
An Incite on advanced alternative fuels Based on India.
Authors: Saha Aritradeep , Sharma Dugala Navdeep
Published: February 2023

Two factors that have been manipulating automobile industries and scientific communities for the study of alternative fuel/energy sources and its uses for the automobiles are depletion of oil resources and various other environmental factors. In these circumstances, some of the alternative fuel sources will have major benefits fitting into our world of automobile at present time due to their very different characteristic traits but some will also have a lot of challenging disadvantages again due to their distinct character traits. The main issue raised at the present moment is the making of the perfect choice of the alternative fuel in terms of present conditions. For the proper demarcation and determination of the perfect alternative fuel, it is essential to know the characteristics of the energy types along with their advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, a qualitative analysis of the very distinct available alternative fuels is available which are best suited for the current scenario of India (every fact and figure and demonstrations are made keeping in mind of the factor concerning the stakes and factors working in India).
A Review on Analysis of Damage Diagnosis and the Vibration Characteristics of Steel Bridge Structures
Authors: kour Palakpreet , Tangri Amanpreet , Tiwary Aditya Kumar
Published: February 2023

Cracks or crevasses in girder steel bridges caused by moist environmental issues such as corrosion have the possibility of causing structural destruction, resulting in the loss of unanticipated events, assets, and human life. This obliteration can be overlooked if cracks are resolved early. The cracks in the bridge girder alter its strength and vibration characteristics. The current study examines various studies in the field of crack detection/damage detection that have been conducted using various numerical and experimental techniques. Analysis of finite elements (FEA) can be highly useful in protecting a structure from damage and cracks. The review deals with the investigation of damage commencing from environmental exposure conditions which can be studied via various numerical and experimental investigations by means of simulation techniques. By dint of these software-aided techniques, the research can be carried out in a simple and effortless manner. FEA enables engineers to conduct the simulation of a designed model rather than creating a physical model for testing. The current study looks at the effect of damage initiation and propagation using software-operated techniques The Applications of finite element methodology, which requires a software package for dynamic simulations, are presented and highlighted in terms of innovation and future research in studying crack attributes of natural and mode shapes.
A Review on Effect of the Positioning of Shear Wall for Earthquake Resistance Multi-Story Building
Authors: Mohammadi M H , kumar P , Rishi V
Published: February 2023

Earthquake is one of the major natural disasters in the world. It considered that. The damage caused due to the collapse of buildings during the earthquake is huge. The main reason for this calamity is the extirpation of manmade structures. The structure’s lack of lateral rigidity is the first reason for its destruction during an earthquake. multi-story buildings need a seismic motion for their stability. Some endeavors have been done for finding the best method to make multi-story buildings strong and stable against earthquake forces. Provision of shear wall is one of the main options to provide diaphragm, which provides lateral strength for high-rise and multi-story structures. Shear walls have proper characteristics such as stiffness and strength, which can support building to resist high lateral and vertical loads. This paper aimed to find out the optimum positioning of the shear wall in a multi-story building on the sloped ground. A reinforced concrete (RC) framed building of (G+5) story on sloping area subjected to earthquake loading in zone V is considered. The analyses and design comparison is carried out using STAAD Pro structural design software. Different cases of the shear wall at various locations of the considered building have been analyzed.
Finite Element Analysis of High-Strength Concrete Pavement Made With The Addition Of Fibres
Authors: Ubair Ul Islam Sheikh , Chopra Avani , Tiwary Aditya Kumar
Published: February 2023

This paper provides an analytical Solutions and software-based analysis on the determination of Stress-Strain behaviour of High strength concrete pavement slab by applying number of axle load parameters given in the guideline of IRC-58 in the construction of Rigid pavement. The effect of the use of hybrid fibres, such as steel fibres and polypropylene fibres, on the behaviour of stress distribution is also studied. Shrinkage in HSC due to the incorporation of Hybrid fibres in different proportions at four Curing Temperatures is also analysed. FEA has been used to analyse the Shrinkage behaviour of High Strength Concrete Pavements with different geometry and thermal curing temperatures as (5°C, 20°C, 35°C, and 50°C). In the present research, the shrinkage analysis, Stress distribution behaviour in High Strength concrete pavement will be studied using Hybrid fibre of steel and polypropylene with a dosage of 1%, 1.5% and 0.1%, 0.2% respectively and by applying axle loadings of single, dual, tri and tandem axle as per IRC 58. Axle load is applied at the centre, edge and corner of the pavement slab and the stress distribution results are obtained. The Analytical solutions are obtained from Westergaard’s equations and software-based results are compared with the analytical solutions and there are very less dissimilarities between both the results.
Particle Swarm Optimization for Short-Term Scheduling of Thermal-Hydro-Solar Power Generation Systems
Authors: Kumar Kaushal Rajanish , Kaur Harpreet
Published: February 2023

Thermal-hydro-solar scheduling is the most difficult power system optimization issue in the modern day. The core mean of the arrangement of thermal-hydro-solar is to decide the most favorable power from thermal, hydro, and solar sources while meeting the various constraints of thermal, hydro, solar, and network. This paper describes the optimum hourly generation schedule plan in a thermal-hydro-solar power network utilizing particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach to attain the best or optimum solutions for scenarios involving three thermal power plants, four hydro power plants and ten solar photovoltaic (PV) plants. The conclusion of the simulation shows that the suggested PSO method seems to be able to minimize fuel costs, and emissions and has improved outcomes performance and strong integration than other approaches.
Analytical Study on the Effect of Steel Fiber in the Deflection of Pre-Stressed Concrete Beams
Authors: Parikshit N H , Garg P , Bharti G , Tripathi A , Shukla B K
Published: February 2023

Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is being widely used as the structural material owing to its superior engineering properties. From the past, it was understood that Fiber Reinforced Concrete had been proved to be well performing over the time under different practical situations. Fibers enhance the mechanical properties of concrete and in turn change the structbehaviouravior. It is observed that high strength fibers are available such as steel fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers, glass fibers etc. Large number of literatures are available to study the influence of these fibers on the flexural behavior of conventional concrete. Application of finite element analysis (FEA) in the behaviour of structural members is gaining momentum. The results from Finite Element Analysis need to be validated with the IS code provisions. In the present research work, an attempt was made to understand the effect of fiber in the deflection of Prestressed concrete beams both through Finite Element Analysis and Indian and American Codes.
Synthesis and Characterizations of Gd1.99Ce0.01O3 Phosphors
Authors: Narang Monika , Priya Ruby , Tiwari Ankita , Kaur Amanjot , Singh Kulwinder , Pandey O P
Published: February 2023

The present research aims to study the structural, morphological and bandgap studies of 1mol% Ce doped Gd2O3 samples. Gd1.99Ce0.01O3 sample was synthesized via hydrothermal method. The crystallinity, phase and crystallite size are determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the development of pure crystalline phase Gd2O3 sample. The morphology of the synthesized sample is examined using Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) micrographs and elemental composition by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) spectra. FESEM results confirmed the formation of rod shape of the synthesized samples. The bandgap studies are done using UV-Visible spectroscopy. The synthesized samples are the potential candidates for various biomedical, and optoelectronic applications.
A systematic study on synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles by various routes
Authors: Pundir Sachin , Priya Ruby , Singh Kulwinder , Kaur Harmanpreet , Choudhary Prashant
Published: February 2023

Cerium oxide (CeO2), also known as, ceria, is a well-known n-type semiconductor material. It finds potential roles in various field applications such as catalysis, sensing and antibacterial. It is widely used as a photocatalyst for treatment of waste water pollutants, because of the variable oxidation state of cerium i.e. +3, and +4. Many reports are available in literature which deals with the synthesis and properties of CeO2. The properties of CeO2 are highly dependent on the synthesis conditions such as precursors, additives, calcination temperature and type of synthesis route. In this review article, synthesis of CeO2 by various chemical routes are discussed in detail.
Predict Acute Phytotoxicity in Petroleum Contaminated Soil using Artificial Neural Network and Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Sharma Dheeraj , Sharma Puneet
Published: February 2023

Pollutants in the environment, particularly those derived from total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), affect soils chemically, biologically, and physically in an extremely complicated manner. Here, we examine this impact by modelling the acute phytotoxicity effects of TPH on soils. To achieve this goal, we have designed a predicted model using artificial neural network (ANN). The ANN algorithm performance depends on the hyper parameters used in it. Thus, determining the optimal hyper parameter values helps to enhance the prediction model. To achieve this goal, in this paper, we have done the hybridization of ANN and whale optimization (WO) algorithm. The whale optimization algorithm is a bio-inspired algorithm and successfully applied in different applications to determine optimal global solution. Therefore, in the proposed method, whale optimization algorithm is deployed for determine hyper parameter values of ANN. Further, MATLAB software is used for simulation purposes. The prediction model validation is done various parameters such as root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean square error (MSE). The result shows that the proposed method achieves lowest value of these parameters over the existing algorithms. This reflects that the proposed method is superior for predict acute phytotoxicity in petroleum contaminated soil and can be deployed for real-time applications.
Dynamic Analysis of Composite Structures with Outrigger System using Response Spectrum Method
Authors: Singh Gurkirat , Singh S.K.
Published: February 2023

The modern innovative world increases the demand for tall structures with a good aesthetic look and unique design to make it different from other structures that causes irregularity in structure. It is known that, an irregular structure is more vulnerable than a regular structure and irregularity causes instability in the structures. As modern problems require modern solutions, there are modern techniques to make buildings stable and safe like shear wall, belt wall, dual systems, etc. In this study, the analysis of different shape of G+9 composite frame structure using ETABS along with outriggers and belt truss. Seismic load is considered for both static and dynamic analysis (Response Spectrum method). We also considered the parameters like Story drift, Story displacement, base shear of the different structures.
Effect of Industrial Waste and Polyester Fiber on Geotechnical Characteristics of Local Clay
Authors: Singh Preetpal , Boora Amardeep , Kumar Gupta Ashok
Published: February 2023

Due to disposal issues, waste created by various agencies poses significant danger to the environment. The purpose of this research is to use industrial wastes to stabilize the geotechnical characteristics of clayey soil, allowing the composite to be used as a sub-grade material. To make the finest subgrade material, marble dust and used polyester fiber (PF) are combined with clay soil in varied amounts. The results of the experimental testing demonstrate that stabilizing clayey soil with various waste products improves the geotechnical features of the soil, therefore reducing the waste disposal problem and keeping a healthy environment. The California bearing ratio and unconfined compressive strength are improved when these materials are used together. The mixture formed by combining marble dust with PF can be utilized as a sub-grade material, resulting in greater cost savings.
Investigation on Mechanical Properties of Concrete by Partial Replacement with Silica Fume and Foundry Sand with Construction Demolition Waste
Authors: Singh Palta Karan , Sharma Prince
Published: February 2023

New industries come in existence very rapidly. So, that demands of construction industry increase and waste material production also increases with increase of factories like foundry sand from metal factories, silica fume from silicon or alloy factories and construction demolition waste from old buildings destruction. These materials are used either for land filling or dispose in water which creates environmental issue or pollution. Demand of natural resources (fine and coarse aggregate) also increases due to the increase in demand of construction industry; high demand of natural resource also increases cost of construction. These waste materials are not used anywhere but it can be used again for construction purpose that will result in the economic building construction and reduce the environmental issue. In this paper the experimental work done on concrete with partial replacement of silica fume, construction demolition waste and waste foundry sand for using it in construction purpose and the conclusion comes out that when we replace the construction Demolition waste at 15% strength decrease from the normal concrete mix strength after that at 20% it increase from 15% concrete mix and at 25% its strength comes near the strength of normal concrete mix but workability decreases. So we can use this type of material for road construction. By 10% replacement of silica fume strength increase but after 10% it starts decreasing. By replacement of Waste Foundry Sand strength of concrete mix increase from the normal concrete mix up to 15% replacement of Waste Foundry Sand, increase the strength but after that it start decreasing. When we take the combination of the mixes then it comes out near the normal concrete mix strength. So, we can use these materials where we need low workability concrete like for road purpose.
A Review on Nature Based Sunscreen Agents
Authors: Sharma Mehak , Sharma Ajay
Published: February 2023

In recent decades, there has been a huge increase in the ultraviolet radiations of the sun hitting the surface of the earth that has eventually resulted in the depletion of the ozone layer. Keeping this thing in mind, it is a must to protect our skin from these rays as they cause harmful damage to human skin. These rays cause hyperpigmentation, photoaging, erythema, skin cancer and many other problems. Using sunscreen to protect our skin from them is the most popular way these days. Sunscreens are regularly tested and assigned a specific sun protection factor (SPF) according to their efficacy to protect skin. Most of synthetic sunscreen agents are very harmful for us as they cause Leukocytosis, allergic reactions, damage DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid), reduction of organ weight and evennanemia. Many Compounds that are obtained from nature for example lignin, flavonoids, aloe Vera, tomato, Shea butter, jojoba oil, evening primrose oil, saffron, almond, etc.(Et cetra) are also efficient in protecting our skin from these rays. They also have higher antioxidant capacities and many other paybacks as compared to synthetic ones. In this paper, an effort has been made to review these natural sunscreen agents so as to make people aware about their beneficial properties.
Vibration control of seismic forces using viscous dampers and buckling restrained braces in irregular composite buildings
Authors: Javaid Kashif , Verma Nitin
Published: February 2023

This study addresses the effectiveness of buckling restrained braces (BRBs) and viscous dampers (VDs) in dissipating seismic energy and increasing the seismic performance of irregular composite buildings during earthquake events. The seismic response of steel-concrete composite moment resisting frames of 15 stories with concrete filled steel tubes (CFST) as columns and composite beams was examined with and without seismic protection devices by employing ETABS software using the response spectrum method as per IS 1893:2016 for seismic zone V. Regular and irregular plans characterised the structures. The plan irregular buildings include C and L-shaped buildings. The BRBs and VDs were installed on all the buildings in two configurations: corner bays and centre bays throughout the height. The results showed BRBs and VDs excellent energy dissipation capabilities. VDs contributions were 5%-8% more than BRBs and, therefore, more efficient. Centre bays placement of VDs was most efficient for regular buildings reducing time-period by 60%, maximum story displacement by 57%, base shear by 37%, and maximum interstory drift ratio by 70%. Corner bays placement of VDs was most efficient for C and L-shaped buildings reducing time-period by 55%-60%, maximum story displacement by 63%-65%, base shear by 30% and 13%, and maximum interstory drift ratio by 78%-80%, respectively, making viscous dampers an excellent choice for midrise composite buildings.
Assessing the environmental sustainability corridor: An empirical study of Renewable energy consumption in BRICS nation
Authors: Kaur Harmanpreet , Singh Karambir , Kumar Pawan , Kaur Arvinder
Published: February 2023

The signing of the Kyoto Protocol Agreement in 1997 re-ignited the worldwide attention on renewable energy resources. As a result, the world’s use and production of renewable energy have progressed dramatically since then. As a consequence, rapid advances in economics and society are taking place over the world. Contrary to popular belief, the use of renewable energy is not exclusive to industrialised countries. A growing number of developing countries are turning to renewable energy sources as a means of boosting their economies and improving their lives. Even though the BRICS countries’ use and production of renewable energy are still in their infancy, these nations are making significant efforts to advance these resources. The study’s originality is mostly due to the comparison of BRICS nations’ renewable energy use. From 1993 until 2020, several research articles were used to build a panel of data from the BRICS states. The utilisation of renewable energy by the BRICS countries varies statistically significantly, according to an ANOVA analysis of that data.
Comparative Study on Dynamic Analysis of Diagrid Bracings and Shear Wall in Different Locations in Terms of Sustainability using ETABS
Authors: Ahmad Lone Arbaz , singh Er. Gurpreet , Chand Jagdish
Published: February 2023

This paper aimed to provide insights about the diagrid and shear wall structural system and, the comparison has been done to find out which system is sustainability, cost-effective, and superior in resisting lateral load for the buildings which is located in earthquake zone V. The plan area and dimensions of the building in consideration are 625 m2, 25m x 25 m respectively and have 30 stories with an overall height of 91 meters. ETABS software is used to model and analyze all of the buildings following IS 1893:2016, the building location is presumed to be in seismic zone V, with an importance factor of 1.5. Fundamental period (T, seconds), story drift, base shear, lateral displacement, and overturning moment of structures are the structural parameters used to determine the response of the building. The dynamic response of the structure is determined using response spectrum analysis. According to the findings, the diagrid structural system is more cost-effective and sustainable. Because the consumption of material is significantly reduced in the diagrid structure.
Machine learning algorithms for evaluating concrete strength using marble powder
Authors: Sharma N , Thakur M S , Upadhya A , Sihag P
Published: February 2023

Concrete is made with various industrial byproducts, and to check the effectiveness of the concrete constituents with waste marble powder, Artificial neural network, Random Forest, Support vector machines, and Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems models were created. Six parameters were used to predict concrete compressive strength: cement, fine and coarse aggregate, water-to-cement ratio, waste marble powder, and curing days. The outcomes demonstrate that artificial neural networks are more accurate at predicting the compressive strength of concrete including waste marble powder. The ANN-obtained model has also undergone sensitivity analysis to determine input parameter effects on output. Following marble powder and curing days, the water-cement ratio has the greatest influence on predicting the compressive strength of concrete using a model based on an artificial neural network.
Prospect of Lithium-ion Battery in Designing Environment Friendly Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Authors: Sonika  , Kumar Verma Sushil , Samanta Siddhartha , Khatua Sabyasachi , Kushwaha Sumit
Published: February 2023

Lithium-ion batteries are the most suitable energy storage device for powering of electronic devices such as mobile, laptop, electrical vehicle etc. Electrical vehicles are associated with green technology it reduces environmental pollution due to their low emission of green-house gases. In this review I discussed about the present and the future battery technologies on the basis of the working electrodes, such as nano-structured electrode materials and their charging and discharging capacity. Now a days nano structured electrode material are used in electrical vehicle due to their large surface area and good conductivity of nano materials. The main discussion is categorized into four perspectives such as, Electrochemistry of Lithium-ion battery, Advantage of nano structure anode materials and advantage of nano structure cathode materials and future prospective.
Preliminary assessment of COVID-19 Waste management scenario During lockdown in Chandigarh & nearby areas.
Authors: Nayak Subhra Priyadarshini , Uppal Swati Behl
Published: February 2023

Covid – 19 brought about a change in process of working in all the spheres. A change could be seen in the education sector, hospitality, transport, manufacturing, medical sector, etc. The economy and lifestyle were majorly hit at all levels. Even a single-unit family faced the brunt of the pandemic in several ways. The family size increased because members of the family who were away from homes working in different cities other than their native places shifted back. That resulted in variation in the quantity of waste generation at residences and a change in the composition of waste as well.

While socialists, scientists, architects, and environmentalists are concerned about fancy topics like sustainability, climate change, environmental awareness, etc., one should not forget about the waste management system to add on points towards sustainability & healthy life. A proper waste management system plays a major role when the world faces such a pandemic situation.

The study is aimed to find out the changes in the waste composition and change of mode and frequency of collection in the residential sector during the lockdown period.

The need for such a study will help us frame better guidelines for future. It will also help us know the awareness level of public and how much more is required for better segregation of waste. This will further help us for better waste management.

The methodology used in the paper is questionnaire based besides self-observation. The questionnaire was floated in tricity of Chandigarh, Mohali and Punchkula and Kharar.

The findings of the paper reveal that there was considerable lowering in the frequency of collection of waste from the residential area which caused a lot of inconvenience to the owners. It has been found that the waste composition has changed over a period of time with more usage of plastics which were frequently used in the form sanitizer bottles, surface disinfectant bottles, and vegetable cleaning liquid bottle etc. besides packaging material used because of online shopping and extra usage of placebo medicines.
Study on the variation of NDVI, SAVI and EVI indices in Punjab State, India
Authors: Shibani N , Pandey Anuvesh , Krishan Satyam Vivek , Singh Bhari Jashanpreet , Ahmed Karimi Bashir , Kumar Gupta Sushindra
Published: February 2023

India is a country where the agricultural economy plays a surreal role in the economic, as well as social development of the country. After the independence, various things changed in the field of agricultural development in which the green revolution played an important role in making Indian people self-sufficient in food production especially states like Punjab shows great potential in agricultural activities due to their geographical circumstances. In the last 35 years change in cropping patterns has increased the land area for agriculture causing a rise in water demand for agriculture. The focal objective of the present study is to estimate the variation in the value of NDVI, SAVI and EVI indices in Punjab State, India. The line graphs were plotted to represent the monthly variation in NDVI, EVI, and SAVI indices for all the selected regions and it was observed that in the Gurdaspur region huge variation in the selected indices from 2017 to 2018. ANOVA results indicated that these indices have varied significantly in Amritsar, Ferozepur and Hoshiarpur. and it was also noted that NDVI and SAVI have a positive correlation according to the Pearson correlation table. These results indicate the changing land use and cropping pattern which shows the diminishing and increasing agricultural land.
Analysis of Floating Solar Panels for Solar Pumping Irrigation System
Authors: Singh Vikram , Kaur Channi Harpreet
Published: February 2023

Electricity consumption will more than treble by 2050. Despite its enormous potential as an environmentally benign power generation technology, solar energy only accounts for a small portion of worldwide demand. One of the issues is the sustainable use of land resources. Energy technology is a popular engineering discipline that deals with the study of conventional and unconventional energy sources in today’s world. The objective of the work is to use conventional energy sources to produce non-traditional energy sources and focus on the study of floating solar collectors with the use of the solar hybrid power plant. Further the focus is on the use of photovoltaic solar panels which use hydroelectricity all year round where it is a non-traditional source and we can use it during the year with the help of, which have a non-conventional energy source. Solar energy is abundant.
The Experimental analysis on Utilization of waste foundry sand for fine aggregates Replacement and Debris for cement replacement for sustainable and economical concrete using Master Glenium 51
Authors: Salgotra Raman , Sharma Prince
Published: February 2023

Waste foundry sand stays a derivative of metal casting of ferrous besides nonferrous metals and it has high silica content which can be castoff in construction material to gain high strength Concrete debris is a problem for the environment as its disposal is tedious. Thus an attempt is made to contribute to reduce the total environmental impact of the construction area by recycling it. This experimental study contributes towards the replacement of debris with cement at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and waste foundry sand as a fractional alternative with fine aggregates at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Master Glennium 51 is adopted as a superplasticizer to augment the quality of concrete. The final test results indicates that 10% foundry sand and 30% of debris indicates better results with 1% use of master glennium 51. This study is done in order to utilise the waste product in concrete to save the environment.
Obstacles and risks to drinking water supply projects in Afghanistan
Authors: Ansari Mohammad rafiq shah , Rawat Renu
Published: February 2023

Water is a basic necessity of life, so in order for human beings to be free and safe from various diseases, it is necessary to take necessary measures to provide clean water to them. Lack of access to clean water in Afghanistan is a matter of serious concern. Two decades ago, when Afghanistan was facing a major crisis, 80% of the population used drains, canals and other stagnant water, which led to various diseases. Then, after the American presence in Afghanistan, a new government was formed. In 2001, the Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD) launched a program called RU-WatSip to improve access to clean water in rural areas. Implement clean water supply programs and projects, which have hit every village in Afghanistan, a decade later, according to a UNICEF survey, 67% of the population in Afghanistan had access to clean water. Which were pollution-free, whereas in the early stages only 20% of Afghanistan’s population had access to clean water. [1]

The Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD) has implemented various clean water supply projects in different rural areas, although the basic needs of the people have been met with the implementation of these projects. The projects that should have been considered were not implemented as they should have been, and these projects had different hurdles and risks from the design stage to the implementation and handover process, which divided us into three categories: High, medium, and low, for example, briefly mentioned, and our purpose in writing this article is to explore the barriers and difficulties in drinking water supply projects. [2]
Experimental Study on Effect of Sand Grain Size and Heat Dissipation on the Properties of Moulding Sand
Authors: Ajay R. , Lovneesh S.
Published: February 2023

The rate of heat dissipation affects the solidification of the casting. A controlled cooling rate is necessary to produce defect-free castings. Sand qualities such as green compression strength, permeability, flow ability, mould hardness, and compactibility play a key role in controlled cooling or uniform heat flow across the casting. A research is executed in this paper to see how these properties affect the heat dissipation rate. The coarse grain and fine grain sand particle sizes are the most important influencing elements. The solidification time for casting in coarse, medium, and fine grains was noted in the results, and it was discovered that the cooling rate is better for coarse sand grains, as well as a relationship between solidification time and sand qualities was developed. During the experimental results it was observed that highest value of compactability was found to be 72% in case of medium sand, highest value of flowability was found out to be 87% in case of medium sand and highest value of permeability number was found in case of course sand particles i.e. 471.
Modeling of MPPT-Based Solar Eco-System Using Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Kaur Simranjit , Vig Sunny
Published: February 2023

Due to the depletion of fossil fuel reserves, renewable sources are now one of the most important sources of generating electricity. As far as reachable RE technologies are concerned, wind and photovoltaic sources offer the best potential, since they are omnipresent, free, and environmentally friendly. PV (photovoltaic) energy from the sun is an incredibly valuable renewable energy source on this planet. Because of varying climatic conditions, the energy generated directly from sunlight through PV panels is not steady. Environmental conditions are not every time favourable to generate electricity through solar. One of the solutions to this problem is to utilize optimization methods like P&O (Perturbation and Observation) with Maximum Power Point (MPPT) controllers. In this paper the main objective is to enhance the power capabilities of systems by utilizing maximum environmental conditions with Maximum Power Point Tracker to extract the maximum power from sunrays present in the environment. To improve the efficiency and accuracy of this MPPT tracking, a Fuzzy Logic Control technique has also been used in this paper. Simulations of the suggested method are carried out using MATLAB/Simulink.
Mitigation of Voltage Instability in the Hybrid Solar or Wind System using Facts Device
Authors: Vig Sunny , Singh Harvinder
Published: February 2023

World Power demand increasing very fast in recent years. To fulfill the demand for power, renewable resources which are environmentally friendly play a very vital role. Solar and wind power systems being the most environment-friendly renewable energy resources are getting a lot of attention to meet the demand for power. But as these resources are fluctuating and are dependent on atmospheric conditions, system stability may get affected. The Power Quality issues like voltage instability and harmonics are the main problem when generating power through solar and wind systems. These kinds of issues must be mitigated while implementing these eco-friendly renewable energy resources. The simulation model for solar and wind power systems has been presented in this research paper. To mitigate the issues of voltage instability and harmonics FACTs device as a controller is implemented. The simulation is done by using ETAP software.