bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cyanotoxins and Food Contamination in Developing Countries: Review of Their Types, Toxicity, Analysis, Occurrence and Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Abdallah Mohamed F. , Van Hassel Wannes H. R. , Andjelkovic Mirjana , Wilmotte Annick , Rajkovic Andreja
Published: November 2021

Cyanotoxins have gained global public interest due to their potential to bioaccumulate in food, which threatens human health. Bloom formation is usually enhanced under Mediterranean, subtropical and tropical climates which are the dominant climate types in developing countries. In this context, we present an up-to-date overview of cyanotoxins (types, toxic effects, analysis, occurrence, and mitigation) with a special focus on their contamination in (sea)food from all the developing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America as this has received less attention. A total of 65 publications have been found (from 2000 until October 2021) reporting the contamination by one or more cyanotoxins in seafood and edible plants (five papers). Only Brazil and China conducted more research on cyanotoxin contamination in food in comparison to other countries. The majority of research focused on the detection of microcystins using different analytical methods. The detected levels mostly surpassed the provisional tolerable daily intake limit set by the World Health Organization, indicating a real risk to the exposed population. Assessment of cyanotoxin contamination in foods from developing countries still requires further investigations by conducting more survey studies, especially the simultaneous detection of multiple categories of cyanotoxins in food.
Human Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells (HK-2) as a Sensitive In Vitro System for Ochratoxin A Induced Oxidative Stress
Authors: García-Pérez Enrique , Ryu Dojin , Kim Hwa-Young , Kim Hae Dun , Lee Hyun Jung
Published: November 2021

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin that is potentially carcinogenic to humans. Although its mechanism remains unclear, oxidative stress has been recognized as a plausible cause for the potent renal carcinogenicity observed in experimental animals. The effect of OTA on oxidative stress parameters in two cell lines of LLC-PK1 and HK-2 derived from the kidneys of pig and human, respectively, were investigated and compared. We found that the cytotoxicity of OTA on LLC-PK1 and HK-2 cells was dose- and time-dependent in both cell lines. Furthermore, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by OTA in both cell lines were observed in a time-dependent manner. Glutathione (GSH) was depleted by OTA at >48 h in HK-2 but not in LLC-PK1 cells. While the mRNA levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) in LLC-PK1 were down-regulated by 0.67- and 0.66-fold, respectively, those of catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSR), and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD) in HK-2 were up-regulated by 2.20-, 2.24-, and 2.75-fold, respectively, after 72 h exposure to OTA. Based on these results, we conclude that HK-2 cells are more sensitive to OTA-mediated toxicity than LLC-PK1, and OTA can cause a significant oxidative stress in HK-2 as indicated by changes in the parameter evaluated.
Retroviral Antisense Transcripts and Genes: 33 Years after First Predicted, a Silent Retroviral Revolution?
Authors: Miller Roger , Zimmer Alexis , Moutot Gilles , Mesnard Jean-Michel , Chazal Nathalie
Published: November 2021

Paradigm shifts throughout the history of microbiology have typically been ignored, or met with skepticism and resistance, by the scientific community. This has been especially true in the field of virology, where the discovery of a “contagium vivum fluidum”, or infectious fluid remaining after excluding bacteria by filtration, was initially ignored because it did not coincide with the established view of microorganisms. Subsequent studies on such infectious agents, eventually termed “viruses”, were met with skepticism. However, after an abundance of proof accumulated, viruses were eventually acknowledged as defined microbiological entities. Next, the proposed role of viruses in oncogenesis in animals was disputed, as was the unique mechanism of genome replication by reverse transcription of RNA by the retroviruses. This same pattern of skepticism holds true for the prediction of the existence of retroviral “antisense” transcripts and genes. From the time of their discovery, it was thought that retroviruses encoded proteins on only one strand of proviral DNA. However, in 1988, it was predicted that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and other retroviruses, express an antisense protein encoded on the DNA strand opposite that encoding the known viral proteins. Confirmation came quickly with the characterization of the antisense protein, HBZ, of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), and the finding that both the protein and its antisense mRNA transcript play key roles in viral replication and pathogenesis. However, acceptance of the existence, and potential importance, of a corresponding antisense transcript and protein (ASP) in HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis has lagged, despite gradually accumulating theoretical and experimental evidence. The most striking theoretical evidence is the finding that asp is highly conserved in group M viruses and correlates exclusively with subtypes, or clades, responsible for the AIDS pandemic. This review outlines the history of the major shifts in thought pertaining to the nature and characteristics of viruses, and in particular retroviruses, and details the development of the hypothesis that retroviral antisense transcripts and genes exist. We conclude that there is a need to accelerate studies on ASP, and its transcript(s), with the view that both may be important, and overlooked, targets in anti-HIV therapeutic and vaccine strategies.
Molecular Docking and Virtual Screening of an Influenza Virus Inhibitor That Disrupts Protein–Protein Interactions
Authors: Ren Yixin , Long Sihui , Cao Shuang
Published: November 2021

Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by the influenza virus, but few drugs are available for its treatment. Consequently, researchers have been engaged in efforts to discover new antiviral mechanisms that can lay the foundation for novel anti-influenza drugs. The viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is an enzyme that plays an indispensable role in the viral infection process, which is directly linked to the survival of the virus. Methods of inhibiting PB1–PB2 (basic polymerase 1–basic polymerase 2) interactions, which are a key part of RdRp enzyme activity, are integral in the design of novel antiviral drugs, a specific PB1–PB2 interactions inhibitor has not been reported. We have screened Enamine’s database and conducted a parallel screening of multiple docking schemes, followed by simulations of molecular dynamics to determine the structure of a stable ligand—PB1 complex. We also calculated the free energy of binding between the screened compounds and PB1 protein. Ultimately, we screened and identified a potential PB1–PB2 inhibitor using the ADMET prediction model.
Geographic Partitioning of Dengue Virus Transmission Risk in Florida
Authors: Stephenson Caroline J. , Coatsworth Heather , Waits Christy M. , Nazario-Maldonado Nicole M. , Mathias Derrick K. , Dinglasan Rhoel R. , Lednicky John A.
Published: November 2021

Dengue viruses (DENVs) cause the greatest public health burden globally among the arthropod-borne viruses. DENV transmission risk has also expanded from tropical to subtropical regions due to the increasing range of its principal mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti. Focal outbreaks of dengue fever (dengue) in the state of Florida (FL) in the USA have increased since 2009. However, little is known about the competence of Ae. aegypti populations across different regions of FL to transmit DENVs. To understand the effects of DENV genotype and serotype variations on vector susceptibility and transmission potential in FL, we orally infected a colony of Ae. aegypti (Orlando/ORL) with low passage or laboratory DENV-1 through -4. Low passage DENVs were more infectious to and had higher transmission potential by ORL mosquitoes. We used these same DENVs to examine natural Ae. aegypti populations to determine whether spatial distributions correlated with differential vector competence. Vector competence across all DENV serotypes was greater for mosquitoes from areas with the highest dengue incidence in south FL compared to north FL. Vector competence for low passage DENVs was significantly higher, revealing that transmission risk is influenced by virus/vector combinations. These data support a targeted mosquito-plus-pathogen screening approach to more accurately estimate DENV transmission risk.
Epidemiological and Immunological Features of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Nilles Eric J. , Siddiqui Sameed M. , Fischinger Stephanie , Bartsch Yannic C. , de St. Aubin Michael , Zhou Guohai , Gluck Matthew J. , Berger Samuel , Rhee Justin , Petersen Eric , Mormann Benjamin , Loesche Michael , Hu Yiyuan , Chen Zhilin , Yu Jingyou , Gebre Makda , Atyeo Caroline , Gorman Matthew J. , Zhu Alex Lee , Burke John , Slein Matthew , Hasdianda Mohammad A. , Jambaulikar Guruprasad , Boyer Edward W. , Sabeti Pardis C. , Barouch Dan H. , Julg Boris , Kucharski Adam J. , Musk Elon R. , Lauffenburger Douglas A. , Alter Galit , Menon Anil S.
Published: November 2021

Obesity is a key correlate of severe SARS-CoV-2 outcomes while the role of obesity on risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, symptom phenotype, and immune response remain poorly defined. We examined data from a prospective SARS-CoV-2 cohort study to address these questions. Serostatus, body mass index, demographics, comorbidities, and prior COVID-19 compatible symptoms were assessed at baseline and serostatus and symptoms monthly thereafter. SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays included an IgG ELISA targeting the spike RBD, multiarray Luminex targeting 20 viral antigens, pseudovirus neutralization, and T cell ELISPOT assays. Our results from a large prospective SARS-CoV-2 cohort study indicate symptom phenotype is strongly influenced by obesity among younger but not older age groups; we did not identify evidence to suggest obese individuals are at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection; and remarkably homogenous immune activity across BMI categories suggests immune protection across these groups may be similar.
Humoral Response after Vaccination with Half-Dose of BNT162b2 in Subjects under 55 Years of Age
Authors: Lukaszuk Krzysztof , Podolak Amira , Jakiel Grzegorz , Kiewisz Jolanta , Woclawek-Potocka Izabela , Lukaszuk Aron , Rabalski Lukasz
Published: November 2021

In the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, using a half-dose schedule vaccination can help to return to normalcy in a cost-efficient manner, which is especially important for low and middle-income countries. We undertook a study to confirm that in adults up to 55 years old, the humoral response to the half-dose (15 µg, 35 participants between 18 and 55 years old) and to the recommended dose (30 µg, 155 participants) in the two-dose three-week interval schedule would be comparable. Antibody levels were measured by the Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S assay (Roche Diagnostics, upper detection limit: 2570 BAU/mL) on the day of dose 2 of the vaccine and then 8–10 days later to assess peak response to dose 2. The difference in proportions between the participants who did and did not exceed the upper detection limit 8–10 days after dose 2 was not statistically significant (p = 0.152). We suggest that a half-dose schedule can help to achieve widespread vaccination coverage more quickly and cheaply.
Peptide-Based Vaccines for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Recent Endeavors and Future Perspectives
Authors: Vassilakopoulou Vyronia , Karachaliou Chrysoula-Evangelia , Evangelou Alexandra , Zikos Christos , Livaniou Evangelia
Published: November 2021

The development of peptide-based vaccines for treating human neurodegenerative diseases has been the eventual aim of many research endeavors, although no active immunotherapies have been approved for clinical use till now. A typical example of such endeavors is the effort to develop vaccines for Alzheimer’s disease based on the beta-amyloid peptide, which continues to be intensively investigated despite previous setbacks. In this paper, recent developments in peptide-based vaccines which target beta-amyloid as well as tau protein and α-synuclein are presented. Particular focus has been directed toward peptide epitopes and formulation systems selected/developed and employed to enhance vaccine efficacy and safety. Results from both, human clinical trials and animal preclinical studies conducted mainly in transgenic mice have been included. Future perspectives on the topic are also briefly discussed.
Predictors of the Therapeutic Response to Intralesional Bivalent HPV Vaccine in Wart Immunotherapy
Authors: Hammad Noha M. , Marei Ayman , El-Didamony Gamal , Mortada Zeinb , Elradi Mona , Afifi Amira Hamed Mohamed , Kadry Heba M.
Published: November 2021

Variable intralesional immunotherapies have recently been proposed as a means of achieving a successful eradication of recurrent and recalcitrant human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cutaneous and anogenital warts. The bivalent HPV vaccine is one of the newly proposed immunotherapeutic agents. We investigated the role of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as ex vivo immunologic predictors to estimate the response to the bivalent HPV vaccine as a potential immunotherapy for cutaneous and anogenital warts. Heparinized blood samples were withdrawn from forty patients with multiple recurrent recalcitrant cutaneous and anogenital warts and forty matched healthy control subjects. Whole blood cultures were prepared with and without bivalent HPV vaccine stimulation. Culture supernatants were harvested and stored for IL-4 and IFN-γ measurements using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A comparative analysis of IL-4 and IFN-γ levels in culture supernatants revealed a non-significant change between the patient and control groups. The bivalent HPV vaccine stimulated cultures exhibited a non-significant reduction in IL-4 levels within both groups. IFN-γ was markedly induced in both groups in response to bivalent HPV vaccine stimulation. The bivalent HPV vaccine can give a sensitive IFN-γ immune response ex vivo, superior to IL-4 and sufficient to predict both the successful eradication of HPV infection and the ultimate clearance of cutaneous and anogenital warts when the bivalent HPV vaccine immunotherapy is applied.
Relationships between Height, Mass, Body Mass Index, and Trunk Muscle Activation during Seated Whole-Body Vibration Exposure
Authors: Govers Megan , Nolan Alexander , Hassan Marwan , Oliver Michele
Published: November 2021

Operators of heavy equipment are often exposed to high levels of whole-body vibration (WBV), which has been associated with a variety of adverse health outcomes. Although anthropometric factors are known to impact vibration dose and risk of low back pain, studies have yet to investigate the influence of anthropometric factors on muscle activation during WBV exposure. This study quantified the relationships between muscle activation, vibration frequency, body mass, body mass index (BMI), and height both pre- and post-fatigue. Muscle activation of the external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), lumbar erector spinae (LE) and thoracic erector spinae (TE) were quantified using surface electromyography. Results indicate increased activation with increased mass, BMI, and frequency for the LE, TE, and IO, which may be a result of increased activation to stabilize the spine. Decreased muscle activation with increased height was seen in the TE, IO, and pre-fatigue EO, which could indicate higher risk for low back injury since height is associated with increased forces on the spine. This may contribute to the association between increased low back pain incidence and increased height. Results suggest that ISO 2631-1 health guidance should incorporate anthropometric factors, as these may influence muscle activation and back injury risk.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Trends of Meteorological Droughts in the Wadi Mina Basin, Northwest Algeria
Authors: Achite Mohammed , Wałęga Andrzej , Toubal Abderrezak Kamel , Mansour Hamidi , Krakauer Nir
Published: November 2021

Drought has become a recurrent phenomenon in Algeria in the last few decades. Significant drought conditions were observed during the late 1980s and late 1990s. The agricultural sector and water resources have been under severe constraints from the recurrent droughts. In this study, spatial and temporal dimensions of meteorological droughts in the Wadi Mina basin (4900 km2) were investigated to assess vulnerability. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) method and GIS were used to detail temporal and geographical variations in drought based on monthly records for the period 1970–2010 at 16 rainfall stations located in the Wadi Mina basin. Trends in annual SPI for stations in the basin were analyzed using the Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator. Results showed that the SPI was able to detect historical droughts in 1982/83, 1983/84, 1989/90, 1992/93, 1993/94, 1996/97, 1998/99, 1999/00, 2004/05 and 2006/07. Wet years were observed in 1971/72, 1972/73, 1995/96, 2008/09 and 2009/10. Six out of 16 stations had significant decreasing precipitation trends (at 95% confidence), whereas no stations had significant increasing precipitation trends. Based on these findings, measures to ameliorate and mitigate the effects of droughts, especially the dominant intensity types, on the people, community and environment are suggested.
Modeling of Ion Exchange Processes to Optimize Metal Removal from Complex Mine Water Matrices
Authors: Pedregal Montes Angela Isabel , Abeywickrama Janith , Hoth Nils , Grimmer Marlies , Drebenstedt Carsten
Published: November 2021

The modeling of ion exchange processes could significantly enhance their applicability in mine water treatment, as the modern synthetic resins give unique advantages for the removal of metals. Accurate modeling improves the predictability of the process, minimizing the time and costs involved in laboratory column testing. However, to date, the development and boundary conditions of such ion exchange systems with complex mine waters are rarely studied and poorly understood. A representative ion exchange model requires the definition of accurate parameters and coefficients. Therefore, theoretical coefficients estimated from natural exchange materials that are available in geochemical databases often need to be modified. A 1D reactive transport model was developed based on PhreeqC code, using three case scenarios of synthetic mine waters and varying the operating conditions. The first approach was defined with default exchange coefficients from the phreeqc.dat database to identify and study the main parameters and coefficients that govern the model: cation exchange capacity, exchange coefficients, and activity coefficients. Then, these values were adjusted through iterative calibration until a good approximation between experimental and simulation breakthrough curves was achieved. This study proposes a suitable methodology and challenges for modeling the removal of metals from complex mine waters using synthetic ion exchange resins.
Evaluation of Streamflow under Climate Change in the Zambezi River Basin of Southern Africa
Authors: Ndhlovu George Z. , Woyessa Yali E.
Published: November 2021

The Zambezi River basin is the fourth largest basin in Africa and the largest in southern Africa, comprising 5% of the total area of the continent. The basin is extremely vulnerable to climate change effects due to its highly variable climate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of climate change on streamflow in one of the sub-basins, the Kabombo basin. The multi- global climate model projections were used as input to the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological model for simulation of streamflow under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 climate scenarios. The model predicted an annual streamflow increase of 85% and 6% for high uncertainty and strong consensus, respectively, under RCP 8.5. The model predicted a slightly reduced annual streamflow of less than 3% under RCP 4.5. The majority of simulations indicated that intra-annual and inter-annual streamflow variability will increase in the future for RCP 8.5 while it will reduce for the RCP 4.5 scenario. The predicted high and moderate rise in streamflow for RCP 8.5 suggests the need for adaptation plans and mitigation strategies. In contrast, the streamflow predicted for RCP 4.5 indicates that there may be a need to review the current management strategies of the water resources in the basin.
Addressing Spatial Heterogeneity in the Discrete Generalized Nash Model for Flood Routing
Authors: Yan Bao-Wei , Zou Yi-Xuan , Liu Yu , Mu Ran , Wang Hao , Tang Yi-Wei
Published: November 2021

River flood routing is one of the key components of hydrologic modeling and the topographic heterogeneity of rivers has great effects on it. It is beneficial to take into consideration such spatial heterogeneity, especially for hydrologic routing models. The discrete generalized Nash model (DGNM) based on the Nash cascade model has the potential to address spatial heterogeneity by replacing the equal linear reservoirs into unequal ones. However, it seems impossible to obtain the solution of this complex high order differential equation directly. Alternatively, the strict mathematical derivation is combined with the deeper conceptual interpretation of the DGNM to obtain the heterogeneous DGNM (HDGNM). In this work, the HDGNM is explicitly expressed as a linear combination of the inflows and outflows, whose weight coefficients are calculated by the heterogeneous S curve. Parameters in HDGNM can be obtained in two different ways: optimization by intelligent algorithm or estimation based on physical characteristics, thus available to perform well in both gauged and ungauged basins. The HDGNM expands the application scope, and becomes more applicable, especially in river reaches where the river slopes and cross-sections change greatly. Moreover, most traditional routing models are lumped, whereas the HDGNM can be developed to be semidistributed. The middle Hanjiang River in China is selected as a case study to test the model performance. The results show that the HDGNM outperforms the DGNM in terms of model efficiency and smaller relative errors and can be used also for ungauged basins.
Finite Element Analysis-Aided Optimization of Rectangular Coil Assemblies Applied in Electric Vehicle Inductive Chargers
Authors: Zhu Guodong , Gao Dawei
Published: November 2021

Energy efficiency and leakage magnetic field (LMF) are two important issues in electric vehicle inductive chargers. In this work, the maximum achievable coil efficiency and the corresponding LMF strength are formulated as functions of system parameters, and figures of merits (FOM) are proposed for assessing the efficiency and LMF performance of the coil assembly pair. The impacts of the coil assemblies’ geometric parameters on both FOMs are examined with the aid of finite element analysis (FEA), and measures to improve the FOMs are suggested based on FEA results. A manual optimization process is conducted on a coil assembly pair. Compared with the initial design, the optimized one results in a higher DC-to-DC efficiency and lower LMF strength while consuming less copper. The performance improvement is verified by FEA results and experimental data measured on an 85 kHz electric vehicle inductive charger prototype. The key measures for coil assembly optimization are summarized.
An Anti-Interference Control Method for an AGV-WPT System Based on UIO-SMC
Authors: Hou Jun , Huang Weidong , Huang Dongxiao
Published: November 2021

During the wireless charging of an automated guided vehicle (AGV), the output voltage is unstable due to changes in parameters such as coil mutual inductance and load resistance caused by external interferences and internal mismatches of the system. In this paper, an integral sliding mode control method based on an unknown input observer (UIO) containing predictive equations is designed to build an inductor–capacitor–capacitor-series (LCC-S) topology model for wireless power transfer (WPT). The observer designed by this method can perceive changes in the secondary resistance parameter and the mutual inductance of the primary and secondary coils. The design with the prediction equation speeds up the convergence of the observer to the true value. The observer’s compensation of the control system avoids the occurrence of integral oversaturation. The experimental results show that, based on the UIO-SMC system output, voltage can be accurately controlled to meet the requirement for a given voltage. The effect of suppressing disturbance is better than with SMC and PI control. When the system parameter changes, it has better voltage anti-interference performance and stronger ripple suppression.
Development, validity and clinical testing of the authors’ technique for the assessment of implant prosthesis quality in older adults and elderly patients
Authors: Rozov R. A. , Trezubov V. N. , Bystrova Yu. A. , Spitsyna O. B. , Oisieva K. Sh.
Published: November 2021

Relevance. The studies which assess the quality of the implant-supported prostheses in elderly patients as well as the impact of the immediate loading on the peri-implant bone are scarce and inconclusive. Various automatic assessment software is known and applied in the clinic. A compact, informative and flexible software is obviously necessary for daily use and continuous control of the quality of the prosthetic treatment. The aim of studies was to improve the automatic quality assessment of implant prostheses in older adults and elderly patients.Materials and methods. 408 responders (151 male and 257 female subjects) aged from 54 to 85 (mean age 73.9 ± 4.9) participated in the clinical testing of the ROZA questionnaire. The conceptual (construct) validity included convergent, divergent and discriminant subtypes. In convergent validity, comparison with a battery of equivalent tests with similar requirements was used: Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire, visual analogue scale (VAS) set and two related expert prosthesis quality assessment programs TREVOL and TRESIM. Results. Cronbach’s alpha, that confirms reliability and internal stability of the studied instrument, was 0.82 which is a good level. The correlation of the authors’ technique was low and insignificant (r = 0.242; p = 0.257) compared to the discriminant tests, which demonstrated the target focus of the studied technique.Conclusion. The studied questionnaire ROZA was highly sensitive, reliable for the examination of elderly patients with different implant-supported prostheses. It can be used to assess the quality of the prostheses in elderly, among others to evaluate the quality of the prosthetic treatment.
Comprehensive treatment of glossodynia using vacuum therapy
Authors: Makarova E. A. , Shumsky A. V.
Published: November 2021

Relevance. This article evaluates the effectiveness of vacuum therapy in the comprehensive treatment of glossodynia by assessing tongue tissue oxygen saturation and oral fluid noradrenaline content.Materials and methods. 65 patients with glossodynia, aged from 42 to 70 years old, comprised control (n = 32) and comparison (n = 33) groups. The control group received only medication therapy, while the comparison group also received vacuum therapy. Medication therapy included antianxiety drugs, antidepressants, vitamins and dental gel. The study used a CAP-“Periodontist” unit for physiotherapy treatment. Vacuum acted upon painful tongue areas with pressure 0.35-0.45 atm during 1.5-8 min daily (time and vacuum gradually increased within the specified range). The treatment cycle consisted of 7 sessions. We assessed the pain level by VAS (visual analogue scale). We evaluated parameters of peripheral oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry. We checked noradrenaline in the oral fluid by high-performance liquid chromatography using a liquid chromatograph with an electrochemical detector.Results. In the control group, values of peripheral oxygen saturation, noradrenaline content in the oral fluid and pain level after treatment differed from the corresponding values in the comparison group (p < 0,001).Conclusion. Comprehensive treatment of glossodynia, with vacuum therapy, is effective and significantly decreases tingling and numbness, improves microcirculation and patient psychoemotional condition due to pain relief.
КОНЦЕПЦІЯ РОЗУМНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ТУРИЗМОМ В РАМКАХ ВИКОНАННЯ СТРАТЕГІЙ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД
Authors: Tymoshenko Тetiana
Published: November 2021

У статті автором сформовані пропозиції щодо впровадження механізмів публічного управління туризмом на регіональному та локальному рівнях в Україні з урахуванням останніх новацій в рамках реформи децентралізації та сучасних світових тенденцій. У контексті предмета дослідження розкривається змістовна сутність трирівневої системи управління туризмом з урахуванням ухвалених Верховною Радою України 01 червня 2021 року у першому читанні змін до Закону «Про засади державної регіональної політики», якими впроваджується трирівнева система стратегічного планування: держава – регіон – громада. Вказується на розуміння терміну та застосування концепції  SMART TOURIST DESTINATION (розумного управління туристичною дестинацією), затвердженої положеннями Державної стратегії регіонального розвитку на 2021—2027 роки.

Визначено необхідність розбудови каскадної системи планування розвитку туристичних дестинацій з урахуванням положень стратегічних документів та розроблених нормативно-правових актів вищого рівня управління та можливостей механізму співробітництва територіальних громад. Охарактеризовано нормативно-правове забезпечення як елемент складного нормативно-правового механізму контролю за якістю впровадження комплексної системи управління туристичною дестинацією з урахуванням кращих світових практик.

Пропонується: розробити ефективний та комплексний механізм впровадження системи управління туристичними дестинаціями в регіонах України та контролю за якістю надання туристичних послуг на засадах концепції SMART TOURISM DESTINATION. Визначено перспективні напрями подальших теоретичних та практичних досліджень щодо вдосконалення нормативно-правового механізму контролю за якістю туристичних послуг в сучасній Україні, в тому числі, за участі органів місцевого самоврядування на території новостворених територіальних громад активізувати процес розробки та затвердження методичних рекомендацій та пакету проєктів нормативно-правових актів з метою організації процесу налагодження системи управління туристичними дестинаціями на регіональному та місцевому рівнях.
ІСТОРИЧНІ ПЕРЕДУМОВИ ВИНИКНЕННЯ Й РОЗВИТКУ ДУАЛЬНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ОСВІТИ НІМЕЧЧИНИ
Authors: Глазкова І. Д.
Published: November 2021

У статті розкрито актуальність упровадження в Україні дуальної форми професійного навчання та вказано на недостатність вітчизняного досвіду щодо цієї форми підготовки фахівців у закладах професійної (професійно-технічної), фахової передвищої та вищої освіти. У зв’язку з модернізацією змісту, зміною формату вітчизняної освіти в контексті загальноєвропейських тенденцій обґрунтовано об’єктивну потребу вивчення й узагальнення характерних ознак дуальної системи професійної освіти Німеччини, яка історично стала загальновизнаним лідером у світі. Аналізуючи історичні дослідження щодо становлення й розвитку дуальної системи освіти в Німеччині, автор зазначає недостатню кількість наукових праць, у яких розкривалися б історичні передумови виникнення й розвитку дуальної системи професійної освіти Німеччини і проводить ретроспективний аналіз переламних етапів розвитку дуальної системи професійної освіти, визначають їх значення в розвитку дуальної системи професійної освіти Німеччини. Виявлено, що організована система професійної освіти Німеччини у вигляді учнівської ремісничої практики закладена у період раннього Середньовіччя. Розвиток практичної складової дуальної системи розпочався наприкінці ХІІ ст., а необхідність теоретичного навчання в учнівських майстернях, зумовлена стрімким культурним та технічним розвитком німецького суспільства, була усвідомлена впродовж ХІІІ–ХІV ст. Функціонування закладів професійної освіти Німеччини, які стали прообразом професійних шкіл, розпочалося в період XV–XVI ст. Масштабні реформи в системі професійної освіти Німеччини та становлення теоретичної складової дуальної системи навчання були спричинені індустріалізацією країни на початку ХІХ ст. Утвердження дуальної системи професійної освіти Німеччини пов’язано з прийняттям у 1897 році Закону «Про захист ремісників». Розроблення концепцій Г. Кершенштейнера, формування методичної складової освітнього процесу в закладах професійної освіти наприкінці ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. дало поштовх підприємствам на відкриття власних професійних шкіл. Надання доступу до професійної освіти в сфері промисловості жінкам, спричинене участю Німеччини у Першій світовій війні, що спричинила збагатило дуальну систему навчання елементами гендерної рівності. Возз’єднання Німеччини наприкінці ХХ ст. та економічне зростання початку ХХІ ст. стали основою активного розвитку дуальної форми професійного навчання. Огляд історичних фактів щодо зародження та розвитку дуальної системи навчання дозволив авторці виявити вісім передумов, що суттєво вплинули на виникнення і розвиток цієї форми професійної освіти в Німеччині.
СОЦІАЛЬНА МЕРЕЖА INSTAGRAM ЯК ЗАСІБ ПРОСУВАННЯ МОЛОДІЖНОГО ТУРИСТИЧНОГО ПРОДУКТУ: ПРАКТИЧНИЙ ДОСВІД У ПІДГОТОВЦІ ФАХІВЦІВ ТУРИЗМУ
Authors: Геращенко Я. М.
Published: November 2021

У статті розглядаються питання практичного застосування інформаційних технологій у підготовці майбутніх фахівців туристичної галузі, зокрема з молодіжного туризму. Проаналізовано наукові пошуки закордонних та українських педагогів- практиків щодо використання інформаційно-комунікативних технологій в освітній діяльності та реклами туристичних послуг. Визначені чинники, які зумовлюють потребу у зміні/перегляді освітніх форм навчання: швидкий розвиток інформаційних технологій, інформаційно-технологічна обізнаність, світові економічні і соціальні виклики. Розглянуті форми освітньої діяльності: дистанційне і змішане навчання та сучасні методи підготовки майбутніх фахівців туристичної галузі. Доведено, що використання інформаційних технологій підвищує ефективність навчання, розширює доступ до інформаційних ресурсів, формує фахові вміння і навички студентів, зокрема в рекламі молодіжних туристичних послуг. Проаналізовано середні показники успішності з дисципліни «Рекламна діяльність в туризмі» за 2016-2021 роки, які демонструють підвищення середнього балу заключного тестування після введення оновленого модуля, присвяченого способам просування молодіжного туристичного продукту засобами соціальних мереж. Зазначено, що підготовка конкурентоспроможних кадрів для галузі туризму має бути націлена на формування у майбутніх фахівців умінь планувати розвиток туристичної галузі з огляду на світові перспективи. Схарактеризовані поняття «туристичний продукт», «молодіжний туристичний продукт», «туристична реклама» та розглянуті їх зміст, сутність і спрямованість. Визначено мету та основні функції туристичної реклами. Розглянуто сучасний метод просування молодіжного туристичного продукту засобом обраного плейсменту – Instagram. Описано алгоритм дій: дослідження потреб молодіжного сегменту ринку; створення контент-плану; розробка сторінки в соціальній мережі та її наповнення згідно з темою завдання. Конкретизовано шляхи досягнення поставлених завдань: проведення лекції-огляду «Соціальні мережі в рекламі молодіжних туристичних послуг» та практичні заняття з дисципліни «Рекламна діяльність в туризмі», в ході яких обговорені приклади просування молодіжного туристичного продукту. Зазначено, що запропонована нами форма навчання розвиває інноваційно-творче мислення майбутнього фахівця молодіжного туризму. Зроблено висновок щодо важливості використання ІКТ під час підготовки майбутніх фахівців туристичної галузі.
ПРАВОБІЧНИЙ ПОШИРЮВАЧ У ФУНКЦІЇ МАРКЕРА ЛОКАТИВНОЇ СЕМАНТИКИ НА РЕЧЕННЄВОМУ ТЛІ
Authors: Степаненко М. І.
Published: November 2021

У статті схарактеризовано механізм формування семантики «носій процесуальної ознаки + процесуальна ознака + просторові межі реалізації процесуальної ознаки», яку передають речення структурної моделі Sub + Praed + Adv loc, з опертям на правобічний поширювач, репрезентований у вигляді прийменниково-іменникової конструкції. Доведено, що одним з основних маркерів диференційованих значень «місце дії», «напрям руху» або «шлях руху» є програмований предикатом правобічний поширювач. На прикладі конкретних речень з локативно-статичним, локативно-директивним і локативно-транзитивним типом детермінації з’ясовано роль іменниківзаповнювачів позиції Adv [Prep + N] loc у конституюванні конкретного різновиду значення.
ЛІНГВОПРАГМАТИЧНІ ВИМІРИ ДИХОТОМІЧНОЇ ПРИРОДИ МОТИВУ ЯК ТЕКСТОВОЇ КАТЕГОРІЇ КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ ФАКТУ
Authors: Заоборна М. С.
Published: November 2021

Стаття побудована як метакоментар до тексту художньої біографії Віктора Шкловського «Лев Толстой» в аспекті проблеми породження тексту як поетапного процесу. Запропоновано теоретичний конструкт осмислення тексту мемуарного дискурсу під радикалом схоплення мотиву створення художнього тексту. На тлі розуміння мотиву як пов’язаного з особистістю автора імпульсу до текстотворення проблема мотиву актуалізується як проблема авторської свідомості, що перетворює життєвий матеріал на сюжет. У цьому плані виявляється дихотомічна природа категорії мотиву, яка координує закорінені в смисловій архітектоніці особистості письменника глибинні мотиви із ситуативними як опредмеченими пристрастями, що формуються певною ситуацією.
БАЗОВІ ПОНЯТТЯ ЛІНГВОКУЛЬТУРОЛОГІЇ: ЛІНГВОКУЛЬТУРА й ЛІНГВОКУЛЬТУРЕМА
Authors: Колонюк С. М.
Published: November 2021

Стаття присвячена проблемі виокремлення й інтерпретації базових термінів лінгвокультурології з огляду на її диференціацію на зіставну та порівняльну. Доведено, що необхідно зважати на закріпленість термінів за напрямами лінгвокультурології чи іншими науковими напрямами. Термін лінгвокультура є гіперонімом, що репрезентує гіпер-гіпонімічні зв’язки з гіпонімами національна лінгвокультура чи етнічна лінгвокультура. До базових термінів лінгвокультурології відносимо лінгвокультурему. Пропонуємо розширити перелік її засобів вираження, включаючи, крім слів, словосполучень, текстів, і звуко-букви, сполучення слів
Social Media Factors and Teen Gadget Addiction Factors in Indonesia
Authors: Anggraini Santoso Nesti , Alwiyah  , Ayu Nabila Efa
Published: November 2021

Social media users in Indonesia are growing rapidly since its emergence. In 2019, one of the largest social media platforms, Facebook has 3 billion users worldwide as well as 130 million users from Indonesia. Moreover, other social media such as Instagram also experienced significant growth with most of its users being teenagers. Massive use of social media is caused by more than 100 million active users using gadgets or smartphones to open apps such as social media. Widespread use of social media and gadgets not only has a positive impact but also negative impacts such as mental and behavioral disorders if the user is already addicted. Therefore, the need to know the factors that influence social media addiction and gadgets in Indonesia is necessary to prevent the occurrence of social media and gadget addiction. In this paper, the influence factors of social media addiction and gadgets in Indonesia are examined using several techniques such as data science, partial least square, and structural equation modeling. Research result: Time, Productivity and Relationships are factors that influence social media addiction and gadgets, whereas Mind is not a factor that affects social media addiction and gadgets.
A utilização das plantas medicinais um resgate cultural através do ensino de ciências
Authors: Roque da Silva Erivalda , Moreno da Silva Marília , Silva Vieira José Danisio , Pereira Costa Thaiana , Sousa de Aguiar Francisca Lúcia
Published: November 2021

A utilização das plantas medicinais um resgate cultural através do ensino de ciências
Aproveitamento do pedúnculo do caju como forma de sustentabilidade em uma fazenda na área reformada do Pirangi - Chorozinho, Ceará
Authors: Pinheiro e Silva Eremita Maria , Pinheiro e Silva José Geovane , Temóteo Lima Feuga Rafaela Maria
Published: November 2021

Aproveitamento do pedúnculo do caju como forma de sustentabilidade em uma fazenda na área reformada do Pirangi - Chorozinho, Ceará
Modelling of ecosystem services “cooling effect” supply in the city of Тyumen
Authors: Dobryakova Valentina , Sulkarnaeva Liliia
Published: November 2021

This article aims to identify the main factors influencing the supply of the “Cooling Effect” ecosystem service, which is important for creating a comfortable urban environment. The parameters of the ecosystem service “Cooling effect” (supply and demand) are expressed quantitatively as the difference between the surface temperatures and the maximum comfort temperature for the summer period (23°C) for the mathematical regression model of the process.

The results of field observations and analysis of space images allowed us to verify the cartographic basis of the Open Street Map and organize thematic data for modeling: we sorted natural objects by area (selected with an area of at least 1 hectare), buildings by the criterion of multi-story, roads by the criterion of the number of lanes. To determine the dependence of temperatures on the selected indicators, the urban area was covered with a hexagonal grid with a hexagon radius of 500 m. The cells (bins) of the constructed hexagonal grid were selected as the operational research units. Areas are calculated as a percentage within the bin, distances—as the nearest in meters from the bin to the specified objects in a straight line.

Calculations were performed in ArcGIS Pro software using tools from the Spatial Statistics—Spatial Relationship Modeling toolbox. The model building algorithm includes sequential launch of two analysis tools: Exploratory Regression and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS).

Based on the results of the work of the tools, the following were performed: interpretation and analysis of reports, messages and maps. As a result of the study, the main factors influencing the temperature distribution have been identified. The strongest variables are the area of multi-storey buildings and the distance to major roads. The third most important factor is the forest area.
Mapping a ecological balance of the Baikal region by individual land categories
Authors: Lopatkin Dmitriy
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the main methods of assessing the ecological balance of the territories of the Baikal region through a system of quantitative estimates and expert characteristics of the studied processes on the basis of statistical data. The ecological balance of the Baikal Natural Territory as a balanced ratio of natural and modified geo-systems depends on the integrity of the natural frame of the region. The natural framework consists directly of the oz ecosystem. Baikal, the hydrographic network of the lake basin, the natural mountain-taiga and other ecologically significant geosystems that form the natural infrastructure of the region, inextricably linked to the socio-economic infrastructure (socio-economic framework) consisting of a network of human settlements and infrastructure. Natural geosystems, which form the natural framework, are also a special resource for ecological stability (balanced). The electronic map layers of the «Environmental Atlas of the Baikal Region» were used as basic cartographic materials. An inventory was carried out and a database of spatial and non-spatial data on the main indicators of the ecological stability of the territory (natural security, territorial tension and anthropogenic load) was compiled. Attribute data is represented in the form of a set of MapInfo tables with which it is easy to carry out re-structuring operations (changing the structure and composition of tables) data and SQL-queries. Spatial data are presented as a vector topological data model. For the study of the ecological condition of the land of the region, the analysis of land cadastre data reflecting the current state of industrial, forestry, agriculture and other impacts on natural and natural anthropogenic geosystems was carried out. The land of the Baikal region, which is subject to varying degrees of anthropogenic pressure, has been classified. The relative and absolute intensity ratios of the territory have been calculated. The natural land protection factor and the anthropogenic load factor have been determined. The administrative regions are ranked according to the intensity of the ecological state of the lands of the Baikal region.
Unbroken
Authors: Morton Christina S.
Published: November 2021

In this critical autoethnography, I examine my lived experiences as a Black woman doctoral student during the rise of the Black Lives Matter movement. Further, as I recount my academic journey in the wake of assaults to Black life and resulting Black resistance, I discuss the pedagogical interventions of Black women faculty members that made me feel as if my life and work mattered in their classrooms. I revisit spoken word poems and class assignments written between 2015 and 2017 along with news articles documenting national events occurring at the time as relevant texts to help me explore and understand my experiences. I utilize Critical Race Theory as an analytic lens, focusing on the following tenets: persistence of racism, critique of color-evasiveness, and counterstorytelling. I conclude with implications regarding how introducing graduate students to critical theory and methodologies can equip them with the tools to empirically explore and articulate their lived realities. Moreover, I discuss how such explorations can be validating and healing as students navigate particularly challenging academic and sociohistorical contexts. Additionally, I describe how providing students with creative outlets to express themselves in coursework can help them process their experiences and produce material that is humanizing, liberating, and life-giving.
Teaching Black Lives Amidst Black Death
Authors: Robinson Robert P.
Published: November 2021

In this essay the author addresses the struggles of teaching a special topics course, Black Freedom Movement Education, in the midst of a global pandemic and Donald Trump’s proposed ban on anti-racist training and critical race theory. The educator framed the course under the conceptual lens of stealin’ the meetin’—a Black Antebellum practice of creating otherwise literacy practices under repressive circumstances. This form of educational resistance continued beyond enslavement as Black communities used the resources available to educate each other by any means necessary (Robinson, 2020). On a smaller scale, this class carried on the resistance through critical meta-cognitive engagement with Black education history. The author discusses how he navigated the course when, less than halfway through the quarter, a Black man was killed and burned in a trench. Using emails, lecture notes, student evaluations, texts, and reflections, the author shares vignettes of tension, Black affinity, and communal restoration.