bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulsed-laser micropatterned quantum-dot array for white light source
Authors: Wang Sheng-Wen , Lin Huang-Yu , Lin Chien-Chung , Kao Tsung Sheng , Chen Kuo-Ju , Han Hau-Vei , Li Jie-Ru , Lee Po-Tsung , Chen Huang-Ming , Hong Ming-Hui , Kuo Hao-Chung
Published: March 2016

In this study, a novel photoluminescent quantum dots device with laser-processed microscale patterns has been demonstrated to be used as a white light emitting source. The pulsed laser ablation technique was employed to directly fabricate microscale square holes with nano-ripple structures onto the sapphire substrate of a flip-chip blue light-emitting diode, confining sprayed quantum dots into well-defined areas and eliminating the coffee ring effect. The electroluminescence characterizations showed that the white light emission from the developed photoluminescent quantum-dot light-emitting diode exhibits stable emission at different driving currents. With a flexibility of controlling the quantum dots proportions in the patterned square holes, our developed white-light emitting source not only can be employed in the display applications with color triangle enlarged by 47% compared with the NTSC standard, but also provide the great potential in future lighting industry with the correlated color temperature continuously changed in a wide range.
Effects of a nutraceutical combination on lipids, inflammation and endothelial integrity in patients with subclinical inflammation: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Pirro Matteo , Mannarino Massimo R. , Ministrini Stefano , Fallarino Francesca , Lupattelli Graziana , Bianconi Vanessa , Bagaglia Francesco , Mannarino Elmo
Published: March 2016

Cholesterol elevations are associated with systemic inflammation and endothelial fragmentation into microparticles. The cholesterol-lowering efficacy of nutraceutical combinations (NC) has not been investigated in patients with low-grade systemic inflammation and normal-borderline cholesterol levels. This is a 3-month prospective randomized open-label interventional study in patients with elevated plasma high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels (>2 mg/L) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 100–160 mg/dL. The effect of either an oral cholesterol-lowering nutraceutical combination (NC) or no active treatment (noNC) was tested on LDL cholesterol, hsCRP and endothelial microparticle (EMPs) levels. Patients taking the NC had a significant reduction of total (−12%) and LDL cholesterol (−23%) compared to those who received noNC (p < 0.001 for both). Also, hsCRP and EMPs were significantly reduced by the NC (−41% and −16%, respectively). LDL cholesterol change was positively associated with hsCRP (rho = 0.21, p = 0.04) and EMP changes (rho = 0.56, p < 0.001), hsCRP and EMP changes being associated with each other (rho = 0.28, p = 0.005). Patients experiencing both LDL cholesterol and hsCRP reduction were those having the greatest EMP decrease. In conclusion, among patients with low-grade systemic inflammation, an oral NC significantly improved cholesterol profile and attenuated the degree of systemic inflammation and endothelial injury.
α-Galactosylceramide protects swine against influenza infection when administered as a vaccine adjuvant
Authors: Artiaga Bianca L. , Yang Guan , Hackmann Timothy J. , Liu Qinfang , Richt Jürgen A. , Salek-Ardakani Shahram , Castleman William L. , Lednicky John A. , Driver John P.
Published: March 2016

Natural killer T (NKT) -cells activated with the glycolipid ligand α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) stimulate a wide array of immune responses with many promising immunotherapeutic applications, including the enhancement of vaccines against infectious diseases and cancer. In the current study, we evaluated whether α-GalCer generates protective immunity against a swine influenza (SI) virus infection when applied as an intramuscular vaccine adjuvant. Immunization of newly weaned piglets with UV-killed pandemic H1N1 A/California/04/2009 (kCA04) SI virus and α-GalCer induced high titers of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies and generated virus-specific T cells that localized in intrapulmonary airways and in alveolar walls. Vaccination with α-GalCer resulted in a systemic increase in NKT-cell concentrations, including in the respiratory tract, which was associated with complete inhibition of viral replication in the upper and lower respiratory tract and much reduced viral shedding. These results indicate that NKT-cell agonists could be used to improve swine vaccine formulations in order to reduce the clinical signs of SI infection and limit the spread of influenza viruses amongst commercial pigs.
Crystal structure of the vicilin from Solanum melongena reveals existence of different anionic ligands in structurally similar pockets
Authors: Jain Abha , Kumar Ashish , Salunke Dinakar M.
Published: March 2016

Crystal structure of a vicilin, SM80.1, was determined towards exploring its possible physiological functions. The protein was purified from Solanum melongena by combination of ammonium sulphate fractionation and size exclusion chromatography. Structure was determined ab initio at resolution of 1.5 Å by X-ray crystallography showing the three-dimensional topology of the trimeric protein. Each monomer of SM80.1 consists of two similar domains with hydrophobic binding pocket and each accommodating different ligands, i.e. acetate and pyroglutamate. The relatively high stability of these independent anionic ligands in similar pockets indicated a strict requirement of stabilization by hydrogen bonds with the charged residues, suggesting a degree of plasticity within the binding pocket. Comparison of SM80.1 structure with those of other 7S vicilins indicated conservation of putative binding pocket for anionic ligands. Here we propose the possibility of trapping of these ligands in the protein for their requirement in the metabolic processes.
TEX101, a glycoprotein essential for sperm fertility, is required for stable expression of Ly6k on testicular germ cells
Authors: Endo Shuichiro , Yoshitake Hiroshi , Tsukamoto Hiroki , Matsuura Hideyuki , Kato Ko , Sakuraba Mayumi , Takamori Kenji , Fujiwara Hiroshi , Takeda Satoru , Araki Yoshihiko
Published: March 2016

TEX101, a germ cell-specific glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein, is associated with Ly6k during spermatogenesis in testis. Although both Tex101−/− and Ly6k−/− mice can produce morphologically intact spermatozoa, both knockout mice show an infertile phenotype due to a disorder of spermatozoa to migrate into the oviduct. Since Ly6k specifically interacts with TEX101, complex formation of TEX101/Ly6k appears to be potentially important for functional sperm production. This study evaluated the fate of Ly6k in the presence or absence of TEX101 to explore the molecular interaction of both GPI-anchored proteins in seminiferous tubules. The present study showed that: 1) Although Ly6k mRNA was detected, the protein was present at very low levels in mature testes of Tex101−/− mice, 2) Ly6k mRNA level was within the normal range in Tex101−/− mice, 3) Ly6k mRNA was translated into a polypeptide in the testes of Tex101+/+ and Tex101−/− mice and 4) TEX101, as well as Ly6k, are co-factors that affect to molecular expression. These results indicate that both TEX101 and Ly6k contribute to the post-translational counterpart protein expression at the cell membrane. This mechanism may be important in maintaining the production of fertile spermatozoa during spermatogenesis.
Kinetic Measurements Reveal Enhanced Protein-Protein Interactions at Intercellular Junctions
Authors: Shashikanth Nitesh , Kisting Meridith A. , Leckband Deborah E.
Published: March 2016

The binding properties of adhesion proteins are typically quantified from measurements with soluble fragments, under conditions that differ radically from the confined microenvironment of membrane bound proteins in adhesion zones. Using classical cadherin as a model adhesion protein, we tested the postulate that confinement within quasi two-dimensional intercellular gaps exposes weak protein interactions that are not detected in solution binding assays. Micropipette-based measurements of cadherin-mediated, cell-cell binding kinetics identified a unique kinetic signature that reflects both adhesive (trans) bonds between cadherins on opposing cells and lateral (cis) interactions between cadherins on the same cell. In solution, proposed lateral interactions were not detected, even at high cadherin concentrations. Mutations postulated to disrupt lateral cadherin association altered the kinetic signatures, but did not affect the adhesive (trans) binding affinity. Perturbed kinetics further coincided with altered cadherin distributions at junctions, wound healing dynamics, and paracellular permeability. Intercellular binding kinetics thus revealed cadherin interactions that occur within confined, intermembrane gaps but not in solution. Findings further demonstrate the impact of these revealed interactions on the organization and function of intercellular junctions.
Elastic metamaterials for independent realization of negativity in density and stiffness
Authors: Oh Joo Hwan , Kwon Young Eui , Lee Hyung Jin , Kim Yoon Young
Published: March 2016

In this paper, we present the first realization of an elastic metamaterial allowing independent tuning of negative density and stiffness for elastic waves propagating along a designated direction. In electromagnetic (or acoustic) metamaterials, it is now possible to tune permittivity (bulk modulus) and permeability (density) independently. Apparently, the tuning methods seem to be directly applicable for elastic case, but no realization has yet been made due to the unique tensorial physics of elasticity that makes wave motions coupled in a peculiar way. To realize independent tunability, we developed a single-phased elastic metamaterial supported by theoretical analysis and numerical/experimental validations.
The standard map: From Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics to Tsallis statistics
Authors: Tirnakli Ugur , Borges Ernesto P.
Published: March 2016

As well known, Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics is the correct way of thermostatistically approaching ergodic systems. On the other hand, nontrivial ergodicity breakdown and strong correlations typically drag the system into out-of-equilibrium states where Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics fails. For a wide class of such systems, it has been shown in recent years that the correct approach is to use Tsallis statistics instead. Here we show how the dynamics of the paradigmatic conservative (area-preserving) stan-dard map exhibits, in an exceptionally clear manner, the crossing from one statistics to the other. Our results unambiguously illustrate the domains of validity of both Boltzmann-Gibbs and Tsallis statistical distributions. Since various important physical systems from particle confinement in magnetic traps to autoionization of molecular Rydberg states, through particle dynamics in accelerators and comet dynamics, can be reduced to the standard map, our results are expected to enlighten and enable an improved interpretation of diverse experimental and observational results.
The retinoid X receptor from mud crab: new insights into its roles in ovarian development and related signaling pathway
Authors: Gong Jie , Huang Chencui , Shu Ling , Bao Chenchang , Huang Huiyang , Ye Haihui , Zeng Chaoshu , Li Shaojing
Published: March 2016

In arthropods, retinoid X receptor (RXR) is a highly conserved nuclear hormone receptor. By forming a heterodimeric complex with the ecdysone receptor (EcR), RXR is known to be vital importance for various physiological processes. However, in comparison to EcR, the RXR signaling pathway and its roles in crustacean reproduction are poorly understood. In the present study, the RXR mRNA was detected in the ovarian follicular cells of mud crab Scylla paramamosain (SpRXR) and during ovarian maturation, its expression level was found to increase significantly. In vitro experiment showed that both SpRXR and vitellogenin (SpVg) mRNA in the ovarian explants were significantly induced by 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) but not methyl farnesoate (MF). However, differing from the in vitro experiment, injection of MF in in vivo experiment significantly stimulated the expressions of SpRXR and SpVg in female crabs at early vitellogenic stage, but the ecdysone and insect juvenile hormone (JH) signaling pathway genes were not induced. The results together suggest that both MF and SpRXR play significant roles in regulating the expression of SpVg and ovarian development of S. paramamosain through their own specific signaling pathway rather than sharing with the ecdysone or the insect JH.
Silicon nanopore membrane (SNM) for islet encapsulation and immunoisolation under convective transport
Authors: Song Shang , Faleo Gaetano , Yeung Raymond , Kant Rishi , Posselt Andrew M , Desai Tejal A , Tang Qizhi , Roy Shuvo
Published: March 2016

Problems associated with islet transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) such as shortage of donor cells, use of immunosuppressive drugs remain as major challenges. Immune isolation using encapsulation may circumvent the use of immunosuppressants and prolong the longevity of transplanted islets. The encapsulating membrane must block the passage of host’s immune components while providing sufficient exchange of glucose, insulin and other small molecules. We report the development and characterization of a new generation of semipermeable ultrafiltration membrane, the silicon nanopore membrane (SNM), designed with approximately 7 nm-wide slit-pores to provide middle molecule selectivity by limiting passage of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, the use of convective transport with a pressure differential across the SNM overcomes the mass transfer limitations associated with diffusion through nanometer-scale pores. The SNM exhibited a hydraulic permeability of 130 ml/hr/m2/mmHg, which is more than 3 fold greater than existing polymer membranes. Analysis of sieving coefficients revealed 80% reduction in cytokines passage through SNM under convective transport. SNM protected encapsulated islets from infiltrating cytokines and retained islet viability over 6 hours and remained responsive to changes in glucose levels unlike non-encapsulated controls. Together, these data demonstrate the novel membrane exhibiting unprecedented hydraulic permeability and immune-protection for islet transplantation therapy.
Role of Signal Regulatory Protein α in Arsenic Trioxide-induced Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Apoptosis
Authors: Pan Chaoyun , Zhu Dihan , Zhuo Jianjiang , Li Limin , Wang Dong , Zhang Chen-Yu , Liu Yuan , Zen Ke
Published: March 2016

Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) has been shown to operate as a negative regulator in cancer cell survival. The mechanism underneath such function, however, remains poorly defined. In the present study, we demonstrate that overexpression of SIRPα in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells results in apoptosis possibly via inhibiting the β-catenin signaling pathway and upregulating Foxo3a. Pharmacological activation of β-catenin signal pathway attenuates apoptosis caused by SIRPα. Interestingly, we also find that the pro-apoptotic effect of SIRPα plays an important role in arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced apoptosis in APL cells. ATO treatment induces the SIRPα protein expression in APL cells and abrogation of SIRPα induction by lentivirus-mediated SIRPα shRNA significantly reduces the ATO-induced apoptosis. Mechanistic study further shows that induction of SIRPα protein in APL cells by ATO is mediated through suppression of c-Myc, resulting in reduction of three SIRPα-targeting microRNAs: miR-17, miR-20a and miR-106a. In summary, our results demonstrate that SIRPα inhibits tumor cell survival and significantly contributes to ATO-induced APL cell apoptosis.
Voltammetric quantitation of acetaminophen in tablets using solid graphite electrodes
Authors: Suchacz Bogdan , Wesolowski Marek
Published: March 2016

The aim of the study was to develop a voltammetric method for acetaminophen determination in aqueous solutions prepared from simple and complex pharmaceutical formulations using unmodified solid graphite electrodes.
Enhancement of ACE and prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitory potency of protein hydrolysates from sardine and tuna by-products by simulated gastrointestinal digestion
Authors: Martínez-Alvarez Oscar , Batista Irineu , Ramos Cristina , Montero Pilar
Published: March 2016

This work was focused on the study of the bioactive potential of three fish protein hydrolysates, prepared from industrial sardine and tuna by-products.
Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of diglycidyl-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate crosslinked polyethylenimine nanoparticles as efficient carriers of DNA
Authors: Bansal Ruby , Kiran Pallavi , Kumar Pradeep
Published: March 2016

Crosslinked PEI nanoparticles were synthesized, which efficiently transported DNA inside the cells with minimal cytotoxicity.
Surface molecular engineering in the confined space of templated porous silica
Authors: Albela Belén , Bonneviot Laurent
Published: March 2016

Recent developments in molecular surface engineering inside the confined space of porous materials are surveyed including a new nomenclature proposal.
Addressing skin abrasions on artificial turfs with zwitterionic polymer brushes
Authors: Tay S. P. , Fleming P. , Forrester S. , Hu X.
Published: March 2016

Zwitterionic polymer brushes were investigated for their skin-friendliness outside of the common aqueous environment, exhibiting superior lubrication and antifouling properties.
Biological tooth root reconstruction with a scaffold of swine treated dentin matrix
Authors: Liu Yiming , Wang Xi , Dong Wenhang , Fu Kun , Gao Ning , Li Wenlu , Li Rui
Published: March 2016

Treated dentin matrix (TDM) is an ideal scaffolding material with odontogenic ability, which is important for supporting cell growth and regeneration of dental tissue.
A self-assembled lysinated perylene diimide film as a multifunctional material for neural interfacing
Authors: Bonetti Simone , Prosa Mario , Pistone Assunta , Favaretto Laura , Sagnella Anna , Grisin Ilja , Zambianchi Massimo , Karges Saskia , Lorenzoni Andrea , Posati Tamara , Zamboni Roberto , Camaioni Nadia , Mercuri Francesco , Muccini Michele , Melucci Manuela , Benfenati Valentina
Published: March 2016

We report the design, synthesis and structure–property investigation as neural interface of a new perylene diimide material (PDI-Lys) bearing lysine end substituents.
Alginate encapsulation of chitosan nanoparticles: a viable alternative to soluble chemical signaling in definitive endoderm induction of human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Candiello Joseph , Richardson Thomas , Padgaonkar Kimaya , Task Keith , Kumta Prashant N. , Banerjee Ipsita
Published: March 2016

Chitoson nanoparticle augmented encapsulated alginate (CNPEA) induces definitive endoderm (DE) differentiation of human embryonic stem cells without growth factor supplementation.
Magnetically controlled release of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator from chitosan nanocomposites for targeted thrombolysis
Authors: Chen Jyh-Ping , Liu Chih-Hsin , Hsu Hao-Lung , Wu Tony , Lu Yu-Jen , Ma Yunn-Hwa
Published: March 2016

Targeted delivery and triggered release of rtPA-encapsulated magnetic chitosan nanoparticles with the guidance of a magnet could be used for remote-controlled thrombolysis therapy.
Electrical impedance spectroscopy – a potential method for the study and monitoring of a bone critical-size defect healing process treated with bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches
Authors: Kozhevnikov Evgeny , Hou Xiaolu , Qiao Shupei , Zhao Yufang , Li Chunfeng , Tian Weiming
Published: March 2016

The development of strategies of bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has been drawing considerable attention to treat bone critical-size defects (CSDs).
Comparison of solution-mixed and sequentially processed P3HT:F4TCNQ films: effect of doping-induced aggregation on film morphology
Authors: Jacobs Ian E. , Aasen Erik W. , Oliveira Julia L. , Fonseca Tayane N. , Roehling John D. , Li Jun , Zhang Gwangwu , Augustine Matthew P. , Mascal Mark , Moulé Adam J.
Published: March 2016

Doping polymeric semiconductors often drastically reduces the solubility of the polymer, leading to difficulties in processing doped films.
The synthesis and aggregation-induced near-infrared emission of terrylenediimide–tetraphenylethene dyads
Authors: Xie Nuo-Hua , Li Chong , Liu Jun-Xia , Gong Wen-Liang , Tang Ben Zhong , Li Guigen , Zhu Ming-Qiang
Published: March 2016

Aggregation-induced enhanced near-infrared dyes based on terrylenediimide–tetraphenylethene dyads with a maximum emission wavelength of up to 800 nm.
Efficient oxidative hydrogen peroxide production and accumulation in photoelectrochemical water splitting using a tungsten trioxide/bismuth vanadate photoanode
Authors: Fuku Kojiro , Sayama Kazuhiro
Published: March 2016

H2O2was produced on a WO3/BiVO4photoanode using hydrogen carbonate as an electrolyte in H2production from water under solar light.
Controlling electron emission from the photoactive yellow protein chromophore by substitution at the coumaric acid group
Authors: Parkes Michael A. , Phillips Ciara , Porter Michael J. , Fielding Helen H.
Published: March 2016

Using photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemistry calculations to understand how the interactions between the PYP chromophore and its surrounding protein control its function.
Minimizing electrode edge in organic transistors with ultrathin reduced graphene oxide for improving charge injection efficiency
Authors: Xu Zeyang , Chen Xiaosong , Zhang Suna , Wu Kunjie , Li Hongwei , Meng Yancheng , Li Liqiang
Published: March 2016

High charge injection efficiency in an organic transistor is realized by minimizing the electrode edge with ultrathin (about 3 nm) reduced graphene oxide.
Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 and H2O to CO and H2 with a cobalt chlorin complex adsorbed on multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Aoi Shoko , Mase Kentaro , Ohkubo Kei , Fukuzumi Shunichi
Published: March 2016

The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 and H2O with triethylamine occurred using a cobalt(ii) chlorin complex adsorbed on multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a catalyst to yield CO and H2 with a high turnover number of 710.
Cobalt oxide 2D nano-assemblies from infinite coordination polymer precursors mediated by a multidentate pyridyl ligand
Authors: Li Guo-Rong , Xie Chen-Chao , Shen Zhu-Rui , Chang Ze , Bu Xian-He
Published: March 2016

This work offered a successful example of the fabrication of cobalt oxide 2D nanomaterials utilizing infinite coordination polymers with a well-defined morphology as precursors.
Emission behaviour of a series of bimetallic Cd(ii)–Au(i) coordination polymers
Authors: Yamagishi Akihiko , Kawasaki Takeshi , Hiruma Kei , Sato Hisako , Kitazawa Takafumi
Published: March 2016

CN groups participated in the emission and quenching processes of a series of coordination polymers ([CdII(pyridine derivative)2][Au(CN)2]2).
Dehydrogenation of ammonia borane through the third equivalent of hydrogen
Authors: Zhang Xingyue , Kam Lisa , Williams Travis J.
Published: March 2016

Robust, water and air stable catalyst (phen)Ru(OAc)2(CO)2 dehydrogenates ammonia borane through 2.7 equivalents of H2 and derivatises fuel cell poison borazine.
Solvent-free fabrication of a biodegradable all-carbon paper based field effect transistor for human motion detection through strain sensing
Authors: Kanaparthi Srinivasulu , Badhulika Sushmee
Published: March 2016

(a) Schematic diagram of a fabrication method of a pencil on paper FET device; (b) image of flexible and wearable FET based strain sensors attached to the fore-finger for human motion detection; (c) strain sensing considering the resistance in stretched condition as the reference.
Evaluation of standard dilution analysis (SDA) of beverages and foodstuffs by ICP OES
Authors: Virgilio Alex , Schiavo Daniela , Nóbrega Joaquim A. , Donati George L.
Published: March 2016

Standard dilution analysis combined with synchronous vertical dual view ICP OES to determine nine elements in complex matrix samples using only two calibration solutions.
Experimental evidence of enhanced water dissociation and spatially dependent charge-transfer reactions in mix-gas inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
Authors: Scheffler Guilherme Luiz , Martins Camila Alves , Pozebon Dirce
Published: March 2016

A microporous membrane fitted to a pneumatic nebulizer–desolvation system was employed for introducing the sample solution into the ICP, reducing the water loading and magnifying the effect of a low flow of N2 in the drier ICP.
Mechanistic studies on intramolecular C–H trifluoromethoxylation of (hetero)arenes via OCF3-migration
Authors: Lee Katarzyna N. , Lei Zhen , Morales-Rivera Cristian A. , Liu Peng , Ngai Ming-Yu
Published: March 2016

Intramolecular C–H trifluoromethoxylation of arenes and heteroarenes proceeds through a reaction mechanism of radical O-trifluoromethoxylation and ionic OCF3-migration.
Correction: New synthesis of phenyl-isothiocyanate C-functionalised cyclams. Bioconjugation and 64Cu phenotypic PET imaging studies of multiple myeloma with the te2a derivative
Authors: Halime Zakaria , Frindel Mathieu , Camus Nathalie , Orain Pierre-Yves , Lacombe Marie , Bernardeau Karine , Chérel Michel , Gestin Jean-François , Faivre-Chauvet Alain , Tripier Raphaël
Published: March 2016

Correction for ‘New synthesis of phenyl-isothiocyanate C-functionalised cyclams. Bioconjugation and 64Cu phenotypic PET imaging studies of multiple myeloma with the te2a derivative’ by Zakaria Halime et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2015, 13, 11302–11314.
Synthesis of highly porous poly(tert-butyl acrylate)-b-polysulfone-b-poly(tert-butyl acrylate) asymmetric membranes
Authors: Xie Yihui , Moreno Nicolas , Calo Victor M. , Cheng Hong , Hong Pei-Ying , Sougrat Rachid , Behzad Ali R. , Tayouo Russell , Nunes Suzana P.
Published: March 2016

For the first time, self-assembly and non-solvent induced phase separation was applied to polysulfone-based linear block copolymers, reaching mechanical stability much higher than other block copolymer membranes used in this method, which were mainly based on polystyrene blocks.
Conformations of large macrocycles and ring-in-ring complexes
Authors: Klosterman Jeremy K. , Veliks Janis , Frantz Derik K. , Yasui Yoshizumi , Loepfe Michael , Zysman-Colman Eli , Linden Anthony , Siegel Jay S.
Published: March 2016

A kinetically directed, stepwise approach towards molecular Borromean links enabled the isolation and structural characterization of synthetic intermediates along the way.
Computational study on thermally activated delayed fluorescence of donor–linker–acceptor network molecules
Authors: Vikramaditya Talapunur , Saisudhakar Mukka , Sumithra Kanakamma
Published: March 2016

Using density functional theory we have investigated the structure–property relationships of organic molecules with a donor–linker–acceptor (DLA) framework, which can be used as precursors of OLED materials.
Enhanced electrochemical performance of cobalt oxide nanocube intercalated reduced graphene oxide for supercapacitor application
Authors: Numan Arshid , Duraisamy Navaneethan , Saiha Omar Fatin , Mahipal Y. K. , Ramesh K. , Ramesh S.
Published: March 2016

We investigated different molar concentrations of cobalt precursor intercalated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as possible electrode materials for supercapacitors.
Assessment of cathode materials for Ni(ii) reduction in microbial electrolysis cells
Authors: Cai Wen-Fang , Geng De-Li , Wang Yun-Hai
Published: March 2016

Four cathode materials including stainless steel mesh (SSM), copper sheet (CS), graphite plate (GP) and carbon cloth (CC) were evaluated for nickel recovery in a MEC. We found that MEC with CS cathode exhibited the best electrochemical performance.
A study on the precipitating and aging processes of CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts synthesized in micro-impinging stream reactors
Authors: Zhang Qing-Cheng , Cheng Kun-Peng , Wen Li-Xiong , Guo Kai , Chen Jian-Feng
Published: March 2016

Precipitating and aging processes of CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts were performed more uniformly in micro-impinging stream reactors than in stirred reactors.
Gold nanoparticles coated with a polydopamine layer and dextran brush surface for diagnosis and highly efficient photothermal therapy of tumors
Authors: Li Chunyang , Liu Zhijia , Yao Ping
Published: March 2016

The nanoparticles improved tumor CT imaging and cured tumors after injection of the nanoparticles followed by NIR laser irradiation.
Ag nanoshell catalyzed dedying of industrial effluents
Authors: Vellaichamy Balakumar , Periakaruppan Prakash
Published: March 2016

A rapid way to dedye industrial effluents is reported herein using silver nanoshells (Ag-NSs) as a green catalyst.
Semiconducting polymer–dipeptide nanostructures by ultrasonically-assisted self-assembling
Authors: Ely Fernando , Cipriano Thiago C. , da Silva Michele O. , Peressinotto Valdirene S. T. , Alves Wendel A.
Published: March 2016

The preparation of bio-organic nanostructures containing dipeptides and conjugated polymers like P3HT–diphenylalanine is trigged by ultrasound energy owing the study of such hybrid materials in solution processed OFETs and beyond.
AuCu and AgCu bimetallic nanoparticles supported on guanidine-modified reduced graphene oxide nanosheets as catalysts in the reduction of nitroarenes: tandem synthesis of benzo[b][1,4]diazepine derivatives
Authors: Shaabani Ahmad , Hezarkhani Zeinab , Nejad Mina Keramati
Published: March 2016

AuCu and AgCu bimetallic nanoparticles supported on guanidine-grafted reduced graphene oxide nanosheets as reduction catalysts.
Analysis of steady state and non-steady state corneal permeation of diclofenac
Authors: Mohapatra Rajaram , Mallick Subrata , Nanda Ashirbad , Sahoo Rudra N. , Pramanik Arunima , Bose Anindya , Das Debajyoti , Pattnaik Lolly
Published: March 2016

The present study was undertaken for characterization of the steady state and non steady state corneal permeation kinetics of diclofenac potassium (DCP) using statistical moment theory.
Guidelines to design multicomponent ferrospinels for high-temperature applications
Authors: Ferreira N. M. , Ferro M. C. , Mikhalev S. M. , Costa F. M. , Frade J. R. , Kovalevsky A. V.
Published: March 2016

This work explores the possibilities to design magnetite-based spinels through multiple simultaneous co-substitutions with transition metal cations, with emphasis on redox behavior and electronic transport.
Structure and control of negative thermal expansion of Nd/Sm substituted 0.5PbTiO3–0.5BiFeO3 ferroelectrics
Authors: Peng Xin , Chen Jun , Lin Kun , Fan Longlong , Rong Yangchun , Deng Jinxia , Xing Xianran
Published: March 2016

Introducing Nd/Sm substitution in 0.5PbTiO3–0.5BiFeO3 is an efficient way to control negative thermal expansion (NTE), which meets the mechanism of spontaneous volume ferroelectrostriction.
Fabrication of a superhydrophilic epoxy resin surface via polymerization-induced viscoelastic phase separation
Authors: Shen Gebin , Hu Zhongnan , Liu Zhuoyu , Wen Ruiheng , Tang Xiaolin , Yu Yingfeng
Published: March 2016

A superhydrophilic epoxy resin surface was fabricated through polymerization-induced viscoelastic phase separation, which could be eliminated by chain disentanglement.
Preparation of a novel molecularly imprinted polymer by the sol–gel process for solid phase extraction of vitamin D3
Authors: Kia Solmaz , Fazilati Mohammad , Salavati Hossain , Bohlooli Shahab
Published: March 2016

A novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as an artificial receptor for vitamin D3 is prepared and used.
Reversible magnetogenic cobalt complexes
Authors: O'Neill E. S. , Kolanowski J. L. , Yin G. H. , Broadhouse K. M. , Grieve S. M. , Renfrew A. K. , Bonnitcha P. D. , New E. J.
Published: March 2016

A cobalt tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine complex cycles between stable paramagnetic Co(ii) and diamagnetic Co(iii) forms with corresponding changes in the MRI contrast.
A new nano-on-micro stationary phase based on nanodiamond bonded on silica for hydrophilic interaction chromatography
Authors: Cai Tianpei , Zhang Haijuan , Li Zhan , Rahman A. F. M. Mustafizur , Qiu Hongdeng
Published: March 2016

Nanodiamond particles were covalently bonded on silica microparticles and the resulting material was nicely decorated with a thin layer of oxidized nanodiamonds.
Synthesis and properties of polyimides containing hexaisobutyl-substituted T8 cages in their main chains
Authors: Maegawa T. , Miyashita O. , Irie Y. , Imoto H. , Naka K.
Published: March 2016

We prepared two types of polyimides containing T8 cages in the main chains by polymerization of para-substituted bis(3-aminopropyl)hexaisobutyl-substituted T8 cage, and studied their mechanical, thermal, and optical properties.
Asymmetric tandem hemiaminal-heterocyclization-aza-Mannich reaction of 2-formylbenzonitriles and amines using chiral phase transfer catalysis: an experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Capobianco Amedeo , Di Mola Antonia , Intintoli Valentina , Massa Antonio , Capaccio Vito , Roiser Lukas , Waser Mario , Palombi Laura
Published: March 2016

The first asymmetric synthesis of 3-amino-substituted isoindolinones was accomplished via cascade hemiaminal-heterocyclization-intramolecular aza-Mannich reaction of amines and 2-formylbenzonitriles using chiral phase transfer conditions (PTC).
A corn stalk-derived porous carbonaceous adsorbent for adsorption of ionic liquids from aqueous solution
Authors: Wang Yu , Shen Feng , Qi Xinhua
Published: March 2016

Corn stalks were used to prepare a porous carbonaceous material with a high surface area of 2442 m2 g−1 by the hydrothermal carbonization of corn stalks followed by chemical activation.
Facile hydrothermal synthesis and improved photocatalytic activities of Zn2+ doped Bi2MoO6 nanosheets
Authors: Zhang Xiang-Biao , Zhang Lei , Hu Jin-Song , Huang Xin-Hua
Published: March 2016

A novel sheet-like Zn2+ doped Bi2MoO6 photocatalyst with excellent UV-visible-light induced photocatalytic ability was successfully fabricated through a facile hydrothermal synthesis strategy.
Radicals in carbonaceous residue deposited on mordenite from methanol
Authors: Spencer Nicholas A. , Ditzel Evert J. , Hargreaves Justin S. J. , Sproules Stephen
Published: March 2016

EPR spectroscopy and DFT calculations identify naphthalenium and anthracenium radicals in high temperature coke residue deposited on methanol fed H-MOR.
Disulfide-crosslinked albumin hydrogels
Authors: Sun Yuling , Huang Yanbin
Published: March 2016

Albumin hydrogels crosslinked by disulfide bonds between the protein's own thiol groups.
A potent Nrf2 activator, dh404, bolsters antioxidant capacity in glial cells and attenuates ischaemic retinopathy
Authors: Deliyanti Devy , Lee Jae Young , Petratos Steven , Meyer Colin J. , Ward Keith W. , Wilkinson-Berka Jennifer L. , de Haan Judy B.
Published: March 2016

An imbalance in oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms contributes to the development of ischaemic retinopathies such as diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Currently, the therapeutic utility of targeting key transcription factors to restore this imbalance remains to be determined. We postulated that dh404, an activator of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), the master regulator of oxidative stress responses, would attenuate retinal vasculopathy by mechanisms involving protection against oxidative stress-mediated damage to glia. Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) was induced in neonatal C57BL/6J mice by exposure to hyperoxia (phase I) followed by room air (phase II). dh404 (1 mg/kg/every second day) reduced the vaso-obliteration of phase I OIR and neovascularization, vascular leakage and inflammation of phase II OIR. In phase I, the astrocytic template and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression necessary for physiological angiogenesis are compromised resulting in vaso-obliteration. These events were attenuated by dh404 and related to dh404’s ability to reduce the hyperoxia-induced increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and markers of cell damage as well as boost the Nrf2-responsive antioxidants in cultured astrocytes. In phase II, neovascularization and vascular leakage occurs following gliosis of Müller cells and their subsequent increased production of angiogenic factors. dh404 reduced Müller cell gliosis and vascular leakage in OIR as well as the hypoxia-induced increase in ROS and angiogenic factors with a concomitant increase in Nrf2-responsive antioxidants in cultured Müller cells. In conclusion, agents such as dh404 that reduce oxidative stress and promote antioxidant capacity offer a novel approach to lessen the vascular and glial cell damage that occurs in ischaemic retinopathies.
Accurate and fast DC offset removal method for digital relaying schemes
Authors: Abdoos Ali Akbar , Gholamian Seyyed Asghar , Farzinfar Mehdi
Published: March 2016

In digital protection systems, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) technique is the most widely used frequency analysis tool for extraction of fundamental and harmonic components of fault currents. However, some fault currents are accompanied by decaying direct current (DC) offset which affects the accuracy of the DFT‐based methods as the polluted fault current with decaying DC offset is not a periodic signal. This matter may cause mal‐operation of some protection schemes such as overcurrent and distance relays. In this study, to address this issue and decrease the estimation error, a novel technique is proposed to eliminate the effects of DC offset on DFT‐based methods. In the proposed method, the decaying DC offset is estimated using one‐cycle data windows of the fault current signal. By subtracting the estimated decaying DC offset from the fault current, the remaining signal becomes periodic. Thereafter, the DFT method can be effectively used for extraction of fundamental and other harmonic components. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated comprehensively by investigating different signals even in noisy conditions. Also, a prototype is conducted to validate the applicability of the proposed method in the real power system by real‐time simulation.
Low cost hybrid reactive power compensator using coordination control strategies
Authors: Wei Tianliu , Mao Chengxiong , Lu Jiming , Wang Dan , Wang Qiuyuan , Wu Weiwei
Published: March 2016

This study presents a hybrid compensator based on distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) and thyristor switched capacitor (TSC), which is intended to continuously compensate reactive power with higher quality and lower cost. The proposed coordination control strategies, in essence, are to continuously assign the reactive power between the DSTATCOM and the TSC. Usually, the fast response characteristic of the DSTATCOM will be lost for that the output of the DSTATCOM is limited by the conventional coordination control strategy. In order to improve the transient performance of hybrid compensator, the fast voltage control strategy is proposed to fast respond to the demand, and reactive power reserve control strategy is proposed to restore the capacity. The operation principle, control algorithm, and design procedure of a prototype are described. Laboratory tests and field tests have validated that the performance of the compensator is satisfactory, and the cost reduction of hybrid compensator is significant.
Ex‐ante evaluation and optimal mitigation of market power in electricity markets including renewable energy resources
Authors: Shafie‐khah Miadreza , Moghaddam Mohsen Parsa , Sheikh‐El‐Eslami Mohammad Kazem
Published: March 2016

In this study, a new framework is proposed to evaluate the market power in electricity markets including renewable energy resources. To this end, a virtual electricity market (VEM) model is proposed based on multi‐agent systems to investigate the behaviour of market players from the regulator's viewpoint. In addition to the tacit collusive behaviour of market players, the potential of explicit collusions is also considered. Moreover, three indices are proposed for ex‐ante assessment of the market power. The proposed indices not only recognise the market power potential but also express the reasons for the market power. Furthermore, an algorithm is proposed based on the VEM to select the optimal rule, regulation and market structure, in order to maximise the market efficiency. In order to represent the effectiveness of the proposed method, several case studies are considered and the impacts of various market rules on market behaviour are simulated and discussed.
Power system stabiliser and flexible alternating current transmission systems controller coordinated design using adaptive velocity update relaxation particle swarm optimisation algorithm in multi‐machine power system
Authors: Shahgholian Ghazanfar , Movahedi Amir
Published: March 2016

In this study, power system stabiliser (PSS), static VAR compensator (SVC), and thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) controllers are simultaneously used to increase the stability and damping of the oscillations of a multi‐machine power system. By SVC, the transferrable power in the steady state can be increased and the voltage profile can be controlled along the line. TCSC can regulate line impedance and therefore, increase the transferred power of the system. PSS is added to excitation system to enhance the damping of electric power system during low frequency oscillations. SVC, TCSC, and PSS can combine with each other for further damping and stability; therefore, their coordination is very important. Then, adaptive velocity update relaxation particle swarm optimisation algorithm is used to optimise the parameters of PSS, SVC, and TCSC simultaneous controllers. The robustness of the proposed algorithm has been tested on 16‐machine 68‐bus power system.
Inhibition method for the degradation of oil–paper insulation and corrosive sulphur in a transformer using adsorption treatment
Authors: Yang Lijun , Gao Sihang , Deng Bangfei , Zhang Jiang , Sun Weidong , Hu Ende
Published: March 2016

This study investigated the inhibitory effects of adsorption treatment on the degradation of oil–paper insulation and corrosive sulphur in oil. A thermal ageing experiment at 130°C was conducted using five different adsorbents to adsorb some impurities in oil on the 15th day of a 30 day ageing test, the related characteristics of oil–paper insulation before and after the adsorption treatment were measured and analysed. Meanwhile, a thermal ageing experiment at 150°C was also conducted before using five different adsorbents to adsorb dibenzyl disulphide (DBDS) in oil, energy dispersive X‐ray was used to evaluate the degree of the corrosion of windings. The result indicates that adsorption treatment is an effective method to inhibit the degradation of oil–paper insulation. A molecular sieve, silica gel and activated alumina can effectively improve the performance of oil–paper insulation. By contrast, the antioxidant (2, 6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐p‐cresol) can be also adsorbed by adsorbents, which accelerate the ageing degradation of the insulating oil. On the other hand, the adsorbents can adsorb DBDS in oil, but cannot remove all DBDS. The effect achieved from silica gel is especially significant, which not only effectively improves the performance of oil–paper insulation but also adsorbs DBDS in oil.
Islanding protection of multiple distributed resources under adverse islanding conditions
Authors: Li Shijia , Rodolakis Anthony J. , El‐Arroudi Khalil , Joós Géza
Published: March 2016

This study proposes a methodology based on multivariate analysis and data mining techniques that credibly captures the signature of the DG‐islanding phenomenon under adverse operating conditions and network faults. This methodology produces decision trees which determine the tripping logic, protection handles and thresholds for each DG‐islanding relay within the distribution network under study. Case study results indicated that the intelligent islanding relay (IIR) produced by the proposed methodology is consistently high‐level performance in terms of dependability and security, and features reduced non‐detection zones compared with the currently used islanding devices. It is also demonstrated how to determine adaptive settings to accommodate entire ranges of system operating conditions applicable to different ranges of power mismatches (overbalance, underbalanced and near balanced) at the point of common coupling bus. Experimental validation for prove‐of‐concept of the proposed IIR using hardware‐in‐the‐loop has been conducted which was consistent with the off‐line test results.
Hybrid technique for optimal location and cost sizing of thyristor controlled series compensator to upgrade voltage stability
Authors: Mahapatra Sheila , Jha A.N. , Panigrahi B.K.
Published: March 2016

In this study, a hybrid technique is employed for ameliorating the voltage stability of test system with thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) installation. Improved gravitational search algorithm is used to first set the optimal location of TCSC to generate optimal power flow solution under normal and contingency condition while firefly algorithm is utilised to improve voltage stability and TCSC cost sizing, respectively. The proposed technique is implemented in MATLAB working platform and the power flow security and voltage stability is evaluated with IEEE 6, 14 and 30 bus transmission systems. The optimal TCSC placement is governed by new proposed index of apparent power flow index. The performance of the proposed method is deduced to be superior when results are compared with traditional gravitational search algorithm (GSA) and other hybrid methods of fuzzy‐GSA and radial basis function neural network techniques.
Online catenary anti‐icing technique for electric railways employing direct feeding systems
Authors: Guo Lei , Zhou Lijun , Chen Minwu , Huang Wenxun
Published: March 2016

Catenary icing seriously affects the safety and reliability of the traction power supply systems of electric railways. To prevent icing damage without interrupting normal train traffic, an online anti‐icing technique using the Joule‐effect is presented. In this scheme, anti‐icing current flows are adjusted over the entire catenary in accordance with not only environmental parameters, but also traction network voltage requirements. Determination of the requisite anti‐icing current is based on a circuit analysis of a direct feeding system. The viability of the technique for a direct feeding system is demonstrated by simulation and experimental results in terms of both its thermal and electrical aspects. It is shown that the anti‐icing system does not affect line protection operation under normal operational and various fault conditions, and requires no adjustment of the settings of the protective relays.
Improved transformer maintenance plan for reliability centred asset management of power transmission system
Authors: Koksal Aysun , Ozdemir Aydogan
Published: March 2016

In a competitive electric market, high maintenance costs brought the necessity of process recruitment to increase the maintenance process efficiency and to extend the asset life time. Reliability centred maintenance has been continually improved together with proper asset management techniques to meet this necessity. This study presents an improved power transformer maintenance plan for reliability centred asset management of Turkish National Power Transmission System. At first, Markov model of existing maintenance procedure is constructed. Model solutions are used to compute the reliability indices and the total costs of the transformer. Then, sensitivity analysis was performed to determine effective transition rates of the model. Finally, optimal maintenance rates and corresponding reliability indices, total cost and life time were determined using actual service data and estimated transition rates. The results are compared with the existing maintenance plan.