bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Plasma HDL-C Levels in Moderate Intensity Continous Exercise Versus High Intensity Intermittent Exercise Among Young Adults
Authors: Suguna S., R. Vidhyalakshmi
Published: January 2024

Background

Elevated levels of High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) has been associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). An active lifestyle is necessary in order to improve lipid HDL-C, which includes physical exercise. Continuous and interval/intermittent training are widely used to improve performance in athletes. It is also used to promote a healthy lifestyle. Interval training is considered as ‘better training’, consists of repeated periods of high intensity alternating with lower intensity, whereas continuous exercise is characterized by constant submaximal workload. Both MICT and HIIT are known to improve the cardiovascular function and lipid profile. In recent studies it is been shown that HIIT is more beneficial to MICT in maintaining a good cardiovascular health and lipid profile. The present study is therefore intended to compare the HDL-C levels in young adults practicing moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICT) who are athletes and high intensity intermittent exercise(HIIT) who are badminton players.

Objectives

 

To measure plasma HDL-C levels in athletes and badminton players

To compare the plasma HDL-C levels in young adults practicing moderate intensity continuous exercise (athletes) and high intensity intermittent exercise (badminton players).

 

Materials & Method

This study is done on 30 healthy athletes (18 males and 12 females) and 30 healthy badminton players (18 males and 12 females) of bangalore who are practicing regularly for atleast 3 years in the age group of 18–25 years. Subjects who are smokers, alcoholics and any H/O Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, musculoskeletal disorders and those on steroid therapy were excluded. Informed consent was taken. After general physical examination and history taking-HDL-C levels was assessed with 2 ml venous blood sample after 8 hours of fasting. Subjects were matched for Age, Sex and BMI. Descriptive statistics and Students ‘t’ test is used for statistical analysis.

Results

HDL-C levels were significantly higher in players practicing high intensity intermittent exercise (Badminton) when compared to athletes with a P value of 0.039.

Conclusion

The HDL-C levels in Badminton players is more when compared to athletes hence HIIT is found to be more effective than MICT in maintaining a good cardiovascular health and promoting a healthy lifestyle
Assessment of Plasma Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid During Postmenopausal Period
Authors: Tambe Deepak
Published: January 2024

Objective

With increasing age and hormonal changes in life of women there is change in levels of micronutrients like vitamin B12 and folic acid. Very little data is available on the association between the basal levels of micronutrients such as VitB12, folic acid in pre and post menopausal women. Presence of an association will throw light on the role of micronutrients in prevention of CVS diseases in menopausal women. This would reinforce the role of micronutrients as a cheap viable option in the prevention of CVD in menopausal women.

Method

Plasma vitamin B12 and folic acid level were measured by radioimmunoassay in 60 pre and postmenopausal women.

Results

Vitamin B12 and folic acid concentrations were statistically significantly lower in postmenopausal group when compared to premenopausal group. (p value <0.005)

Conclusion

This study has provided baseline levels of folic acid and vitamin B12 with their association with menopause. This may be helpful for planning supplementation studies of the micronutrients.
Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Autonomic Nervous System in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Jain Gunjan
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Anemia is a major health problem especially among the economically disadvantaged segments of population in developing countries like India. Involvement of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) in cases of anemia has been a matter of considerable speculation. Slight to moderate impairment may be observed in mental and motor development of infants with Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA).

Material & Method

Study included 30 apparently healthy adolescent girls as control and 90 adolescent girls as cases having IDA. Haemoglobin was done and blood pressure and ECG were recorded.

Result

Mean rise in SBP And DBP and Mean RR interval was significantly reduced in anemic patient as compared to control subjects.

Conclusion

We found significant relation between Mean rise in SBP And DBP and Mean RR interval in IDA
Correlation of HbA1c Levels with Monocyte-lymphocyte and Platelet-lymphocyte Ratios in Type 2 Diabetics of Bengaluru City
Authors: Suguna S, Kusumadevi M.S.
Published: January 2024

ackground

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic disease having serious microvascular and macrovascular complications. These complications in type 2 DM has an inflammatory pathology. Many inflammatory markers have been found to be related to these complications, such as interleukin1 (IL1), IL6, IL8, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-?1) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF ?). However, their measurement is not used routinely as it is not easy to do it, in this respect. The white blood cell (WBC) count and its subtypes are classic indicators of inflammation and their measurement is done routinely and also their estimation is cost effective. To correlate HbA1c levels with monocyte-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios in type 2 diabetics of Bengaluru city.

Materials and Method

A total of 50 type 2 diabetics without complications were included in the study with a mean age of 55.78 (SD: 13.77) years of both gender previously diagnosed regardless of their sociodemographic characteristics and were invited for the assessment of complete blood count (CBC) and HbA1c levels in Infilife healthcare private limited of Bengaluru city. The platelet-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio were calculated as the ratios of the platelets and monocytes to lymphocytes, respectively. All counts were determined from the same automated blood sample measurement.

Results

Mean (SD) P/L ratio and M/L ratio were 0.14 (0.36) & 7.37 (3.43) respectively. There was no significant correlation (at p=0.05) between HbA1c levels and P/L ratio[r= (?0.46)]) and L/M ratio[r=0.05].

Conclusion

In the present study, there was no statistically significant correlation between HbA1c levels and P/L ratio[r= (?0.46)]) and L/M ratio[r=0.05] in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of Bengaluru city.
Association of ABO Blood Group with Breast Cancer: An Observational Study
Authors: Neelima Kumari, Ashutosh Kumar, Manish Kumar
Published: January 2024

Introduction

The present study was conducted to analyse the relation of ABO blood groups with breast carcinoma.

Materials and Method

The study was conducted on 100 clinically diagnosed breast cancer patients. The standard agglutination test was used to determine the blood groups. Association of ABO blood groups and risk of breast cancers was found out with Odd Ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI).

Results

Breast cancer was found minimum in blood group ‘AB’ and maximum in blood group ‘A’. It may be due to influence of blood group antigens on systemic inflammatory response which has been associated with the malignancies. The ABO antigen expressed on the surface of malignant cells appears to be different from the antigen expressed on normal tissue.

Conclusions

High frequency of breast cancer was found in blood group A followed by B and O strong relationship between blood group and breast cancer. The different expression of antigens on the surface of cancer cells might alter motility, apoptosis and immune escape. These mechanisms might influence the initiation and spread of malignancies.
A Study to Correlate Perceived Stress with Marital Status in Working Men and Women in Bengaluru City
Authors: Shashwata Biswas, Srinivasulu Naidu S.
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Stress is a part of modern life. With increasing complexity of life, stress is likely to increase. There are differences in ways that married and single individuals experience stress. The present study was conducted to correlate perceived stress with marital status among working individuals. Thus study aimed to see correlation between perceived stress and marital status among working men and women.
Materials and Method
This study included 150 men and women working in Bengaluru city. Data like age, marital status and perceived stress were collected. Perceived stress was assessed using Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) questionnaire.
Findings
The study showed that there was no statistically significant difference in perceived stress between married and single individuals (p=0.524). Perceived stress scores were more in working women than in working men, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Perceived stress scores decreased with increasing age, which was statistically significant (p=0.041).
Conclusion
These findings revealed that there is no significant difference in the level of perceived stress by married and single individuals. However the working women showed more perceived stress than working men. Stress reliever activities are recommended for working individuals.
Inter-Gender and Intra-Gender Differences of Parenting Stress among Mothers of Children with Special Needs and Normal Children
Authors: Sowmya P., Preethi B.L.
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Parenting is a major form of stress, especially in children with special needs. However this stress has not been properly understood as evident from paucity of literature in this area.

Objective

(i) To evaluate parenting stress among parents (mother & father) of children with special needs and normal children. (ii) To compare parenting stress among mothers of special children and normal children.

Method

Assessment of parenting stress using Sheldon Cohen Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire on (i) Parents of 60 special (study group) and 60 normal (control group) children aged between 5 and 12 years. (ii) Mothers of children with special needs and mothers of normal children. The Questionnaire was provided to both parents, they were seated separately in order to avoid bias. Statistical analysis was done using Unpaired t-test.

Results

(i) The study group scored higher as compared to the control group with their means and standard deviations being (18.914+ 5.24) and (16.12+ 4.18) respectively. The statistical value of significance (p value) is 0.0019. (ii) The mothers of children with special needs scored higher than mothers of normal children with their means and standard deviations being (19.04 + 5.68) and (15.08 + 5.06) respectively, the p value is 0.014.

Conclusion

Present study showed that the parents of special children had significantly higher parenting stress levels as compared to the parents of normal children and mothers of special need children were more stressed than the mothers of normal children. It is important to address this stress as it could lead to impairments of overall quality of life in both parents and their child or children.
In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide
Authors: Dutovs Aleksandrs , Popļausks Raimonds , Putāns Oskars , Perkanuks Vladislavs , Jurkevičiūtė Aušrinė , Tamulevičius Tomas , Malinovskis Uldis , Olyshevets Iryna , Erts Donats , Prikulis Juris
Published: January 2024

Porous anodic aluminum oxide (PAAO), sometimes referred to as nanoporous anodic alumina, serves as a cost-effective template for nanofabrication in many fields of science and engineering. However, production of ultrathin PAAO membranes with precise thickness in the optical sub-wavelength range remains challenging because of difficulties regarding process control at the initial stage of anodic oxidation. In this study, we demonstrate a technique for consistently manufacturing PAAO with the targeted thickness. An electrochemical cell with an optical window was designed for reflectance spectroscopy of PAAO during anodization. Real-time fitting of spectra to a transfer-matrix model enabled continuous monitoring of the thickness growth of the PAAO layer. Automation software was designed to terminate the anodization process at preset PAAO thickness values. While the concept was illustrated using the widely used method of anodization in a 0.3 M oxalic acid electrolyte with a 40 V potential, it can be readily customized for other protocols. PAAO layers with effective thickness below 300 nm could be produced with a few nanometers accuracy using single-crystal aluminum substrates. The results were confirmed using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The method for controlling the thickness during anodization eliminates the necessity of sample sectioning for electron microscopy and is particularly valuable for the small-scale production of PAAO-based functional optical coatings.
GROWTH IN A TIME OF DEBT: AN APPLICATION TO THE EGYPTIAN ECONOMY USING THRESHOLD REGRESSION (TR) MODEL
Authors: MAHMOUD NEVIN
Published: January 2024

This paper examines Egypt’s external debt and how it impacted economic growth over the period (1970- 2020). The development of external debt and its indicators were studied and the performance of economic growth was analysed using the Threshold Regression (TR) model. This indicated that Egypt's external debt had gotten out of hand.
The findings of this paper demonstrate that external debt has a positive impact on the economy growth in Egypt before reaching External debt stocks to GNI 42.45%, as the increase in the ratio of external debt by one unit will lead to an increase in economic growth by 0.093.
Effect of Enterprise Risk Management on the Profitability of Insurance Companies in Nigeria
Authors: Soladoye Abidemi , Dominic Ijeoma Olabisi , Gambo Nasamu , Abubakar Hauwa Lamino
Published: January 2024

Nigeria's insurance industry, despite contributing less than 1% to Nigeria's GDP, is considered crucial to the economy as it controls large sums of money and protects businesses from diverse risks. However, concerned about business failures in the insurance industry, the National Insurance Commission in 2012, mandated the adoption of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) by all insurance businesses in Nigeria to address this issue and to deter future business failures. This research work studied the effect of ERM on the profitability of Nigerian insurance businesses over a 10-year period, encompassing the two years prior to, and eight years following the introduction of ERM. ERM is studied from two perspectives: ERM adoption and ERM implementation. Profitability, the dependent variable was measured by Return on Assets while ERM adoption was measured using Chief Risk Officer (CRO) and Board Risk Committee Composition (BRCC. Enterprise Risk Management Index (ERMI) measured ERM implementation. Firm Size (F. SIZE) represented by Total Assets and Firm Age (F.AGE), represented by total years of operations, served as control variables. Using the expo-facto research design and the census sampling technique, relevant secondary data about all 37 insurance companies that were in operation during the study period (2010 – 2019) was collected from published financial statements and the regulator’s reports. The multiple regression analysis revealed that while CRO and BRCC contributed positively to ROA but not at a statistically significant level, ERMI had a negative effect on ROA. The research confirms that ERM adoption only is not sufficient to influence profitability. For better results from ERM, an industry-wide review of implementation practices by NAICOM is recommended.
Optimizing phalsa (cv. Local) growth, flowering, and yield parameters through round-the-year pruning and fertilizer management
Authors: Warang O.S , Shah N.I , Jadav N.J
Published: January 2024

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of round-the-year pruning and fertilizer doses on phalsa cv’s growth, flowering and yield parameters. Local during 2020-21 and 2021-22 at Horticulture Research Farm, Anand Agricultural University, Anand. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (Factorial) with two factors, eighteen treatment combinations, and three repetitions. The first factor was pruning time (P1= 1st week of January (Control), P2= 1st week of March, P3= 1st week of May, P4= 1st week of July, P5= 1st week of September and P6= 1st week of November) and the second factor was fertilizer doses (F1= 100:50:50 g NPK/plant (Control), F2= 200:75:75 g NPK/plant, F3= 300:100:100 g NPK/plant). The results revealed that pruning in 1st week of May (P3) recorded minimum days for sprouting new shoots after pruning. Pruning in 1st week of March (P2) resulted in the maximum number of sprouted shoots per cane, length of the shoot at harvest, weight of fruit per plant, fruit yield and minimum days taken for flowering, fruit set and first picking after pruning. A fertilizer dose of 300:100:100 g NPK/plant (F3) recorded minimum days for sprouting of new shoots, maximum number of sprouted shoots per cane and length of shoot at harvest. The shortest duration for flowering, fruit set, and initial harvest was observed using a fertilizer dose of 100:50:50 g NPK per plant (Control) (F1). The application of 200:75:75 g NPK per plant (F2) was most effective for maximum fruit weight and overall yield of phalsa. Furthermore, this fertiliser dose significantly boosted phalsa yields when combined with pruning during the first week of March.
From Decolonising the Mind to Kutapanura Pfungwa Dzakatapwa:a translator’s experience
Authors: Mambambo John
Published: January 2024

There has been an overwhelming interface between theories in translation, however, practical reflections on translated texts are scanty. This empirical paper evaluates the translation process. It unveils the challenges and the associated strategies from a translator’s experience while doing the first translation of Decolonising the Mind into an African language in Africa: the ChiShona text, Kutapanura Pfungwa Dzakatapwa. It was dubbed “homecoming” by the author, Professor wa Thiong’o. From perspectives relating to intellectualisation and decolonisation, the translator was the key participant in this qualitative inquiry. The translated text was the primary source of data deployed in conjunction with the source text. This research advances that an interdisciplinary approach provides the foundation for eclectic theory in translation studies. Grounded theory informed the theoretical analysis of the translated text from the target audience’s perspective. The study affirms that while translation cannot be guided by straight-jacketed approaches, copyright laws stifle the spontaneous growth of translations into African languages. Translation strategies mutate according to the text type and the languages involved. To this end, the translation of seminal literary works demands unique methods. This translator’s experience enhances narratives and discourses on the notions of translation and decoloniality, as well as the intellectualisation of African languages
The Effect of Product Diversification and Company Size on Company Profitability Case Study on UD Setya Abadi D.M
Authors: FATMAWATI Vindi Atika , HARIYANA Nanik
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
Product diversification is how a business can develop types of products both related to the central business and as substitutes and contemporary products. According to Ansoff (1957), diversification is related to product and quantity changes. This research aims to prove whether prodct diversification and company size increase profits so that business actors can decide on the proper steps in future business steps.
Methodology:
The method used in this research is multiple linear regression using the SPSS for Windows version 26 application. In this research, there are two independent variables and one dependent variable. The independent variable comprises product diversification and company size, while the dependent variable is company profitability.
Findings:
According to the data processing results using the multiple linear regression method, company profitability was positively influenced by product diversification and company size.
Implication:
Product diversification is carried out by adding product variants from a company and by requiring innovation that can differentiate one's product from other companies' products, which can place one's product above competitors' products.
Evaluation of the Presentation of Operational Report in the Financial Sector Work Unit at the South Minahasa Resort Police
Authors: DOTULONG Prisila M. , KALANGI Lintje , KAPOJOS Peter M.
Published: January 2024

The operational report is a report that presents information on all financial operational activities reporting equity which is reflected in operating report income, operating surplus/deficit expenses of a reporting entity whose presentation is compared to the previous period so that the preparation of operational reports, reports of changes in equity, and balance sheets have a clear relationship can be accounted for. In practice, the presentation of operational presentation reports always refers to applicable regulations and uses applications that have been prepared and proven by documents and even accountability reports. This study aims to examine the presentation of operational reports on the Financial Sector Work Unit at the South Minahasa Polres. The results of the study show that The results study show that the presentation of operational reports in the Finance Sector Work Unit at the South Minahasa Polres has been carried out/implemented properly and is in accordance with applicable regulations, namely PMK RI Number 22/PMK.05/2022, this can be seen from the results of a comparison of the presentation of operational reports carried out by the Financial Sector Work Unit at the South Minahasa Polres based on Permendagri No.77 of 2020 is appropriate and well implemented.
The Influence of the Quality of Passport Production Services on Community Satisfaction at Class II Imgration offices Atambua Immigration Check Places
Authors: FATIN Donatus Gin , LILIWERI Aloysius , NEOLAKA Melkisedek N.B.C.
Published: January 2024

This research describes the quality of passport-making services at the TPI Atambua Class II Immigration Office. This research focuses on passport-making services because they have the most applicants. This problem occurs because passport completion exceeds standards and employee information is unclear. This research was a quantitative descriptive study with 96 respondents, using purposive and incidental nonprobability sampling models. The research results show that the quality of service on community satisfaction at the TPI Atambua Class II Immigration Office has a value of 0.463, which means (46.30%). Obtained from five dimensions of service quality, such as physical evidence of (0.139), reliability dimension (0.126), responsiveness dimension (0.007), assurance dimension (0.096), and empathy dimension of (0.120). The simultaneous test shows an F-count of 11.255, confirming the significant relationship between the five dimensions of service quality and community satisfaction. This research suggests that the five dimensions of service quality simultaneously have a significant effect on community satisfaction at the TPI Atambua Class II Immigration Office "accepted." The coefficient of determination reveals that service quality and community satisfaction together have a strong influence (46.30%) at the TPI Atambua Class II Immigration Office, with the remainder influenced by factors not explained. The results of research and hypothesis testing show that service quality (X) and community satisfaction (Y) together have quite a strong influence on the TPI Atambua Class II Immigration Office, amounting to 46.30%, while the remaining 53.70% is influenced by other factors not explained in this research.
Numerical Simulation of Photospheric Emission in Long Gamma-Ray Bursts: Prompt Correlations, Spectral Shapes, and Polarizations
Authors: Ito Hirotaka , Matsumoto Jin , Nagataki Shigehiro , Warren Donald C. , Barkov Maxim V. , Yonetoku Daisuke
Published: January 2024

We explore the properties of photospheric emission in the context of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) using three numerical models that combine relativistic hydrodynamical simulations and Monte Carlo radiation transfer calculations in three dimensions. Our simulations confirm that photospheric emission gives rise to correlations between the spectral peak energy and luminosity that agree with the observed Yonetoku, Amati, and Golenetskii correlations. It is also shown that the spectral peak energy and luminosity correlate with the bulk Lorentz factor, as indicated in the literature. On the other hand, synthetic spectral shapes tend to be narrower than those of the observations. This result indicates that an additional physical process that can provide nonthermal broadening is needed to reproduce the spectral features. Furthermore, the polarization analysis finds that, while the degree of polarization is low for the emission from the jet core (Π < 4%), it tends to increase with viewing angle outside of the core and can be as high as Π ∼ 20%–40% in an extreme case. This suggests that the typical GRBs show systematically low polarization compared to softer, dimmer counterparts (X-ray-rich GRBs and X-ray flashes). Interestingly, our simulations indicate that photospheric emission exhibits large temporal variation in the polarization position angle (Δψ ∼ 90°), which may be compatible with those inferred in observations. A notable energy dependence of the polarization property is another characteristic feature found in the current study. Particularly, the difference in the position angle among different energy bands can be as large as ∼90°.
Magnetic Trapping of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Outer Heliosheath and Their Preferential Entry into the Heliosphere
Authors: Florinski Vladimir , Guzman Juan Alonso , Kleimann Jens , Baliukin Igor , Ghanbari Keyvan , Turner Drew , Zieger Bertalan , Kóta Jozsef , Opher Merav , Izmodenov Vladislav , Alexashov Dmitry , Giacalone Joe , Richardson John
Published: January 2024

This paper examines the geometry of interstellar magnetic field lines close to the boundary of the heliosphere in the direction of the unperturbed local interstellar magnetic field, where the field lines are spread apart by the heliopause (HP). Such field parting establishes a region of weaker magnetic field of about 300 au in size in the northern hemisphere that acts as a giant magnetic trap affecting the propagation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs). The choice of an analytic model of the magnetic field in the very local interstellar medium allows us to qualitatively study the resulting magnetic field draping pattern while avoiding unphysical dissipation across the HP-impeding numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models. We investigate GCR transport in the region exterior to the heliosphere, including the magnetic trap, subject to guiding center drifts, pitch angle scattering, and perpendicular diffusion. The transport coefficients were derived from Voyager 1 observations of magnetic turbulence in the VLISM. Our results predict a ring current of energetic ions drifting around the interior of the magnetic trap. It is also demonstrated that GCRs cross the HP for the first time preferentially through a crescent-shaped region between the magnetic trap and the upwind direction. The paper includes results of MHD modeling of the heliosphere that provide the coordinates of the center of the magnetic trap in ecliptic coordinates. In addition to the heliosphere, we examine several extreme field draping configurations that could describe the astrospheres of other stars.
Multiwavelength Spectral Energy Distribution Analysis of X-Ray Selected Active Galactic Nuclei at z = 0.2–0.8 in the Stripe 82 Region
Authors: Setoguchi Kenta , Ueda Yoshihiro , Toba Yoshiki , Li Junyao , Silverman John , Uematsu Ryosuke
Published: January 2024

We perform a systematic, multiwavelength spectral energy distribution (SED) analysis of X-ray detected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at z = 0.2–0.8 with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) counterparts in the Stripe 82 region, consisting of 60 type 1 and 137 type 2 AGNs covering a 2–10 keV luminosity range of

41.6
<
log

L

x

<
44.7

. The latest CIGALE code, where dusty polar components are included, is employed. To obtain reliable host and AGN parameters in type 1 AGNs, we utilize the image-decomposed optical SEDs of host galaxies by Li et al. based on the Subaru Hyper-Suprime Cam images. The mean ratio of black hole masses (M
BH) and stellar masses (M
stellar) of our X-ray detected type 1 AGN sample,

log
(

M

BH

/

M

stellar

)
=
−
2.7
±
0.5

, is close to the local relation between BH and stellar masses as reported by Li et al. for SDSS quasars. This ratio is slightly lower than that found for more luminous (

log

L

bol

>
45

) type 1 AGNs at z ∼ 1.5. This can be explained by the AGN luminosity dependence of

log
(

M

BH

/

M

stellar

)

, which little evolves with redshift. We confirm the trend that the UV-to-X-ray slope (α
OX) or X-ray-to-bolometric correction factor (κ
2–10) increases with AGN luminosity or Eddington ratio. We find that type 1 and type 2 AGNs with the same luminosity ranges share similar host stellar mass distributions, whereas type 2s tend to show smaller AGN luminosities than type 1s. This supports the luminosity-dependent (or Eddington-ratio-dependent) unified scheme.
Effect of Extinction on Quasar Luminosity Distances Determined from UV and X-Ray Flux Measurements
Authors: Zajaček Michal , Czerny Bożena , Khadka Narayan , Martínez-Aldama Mary Loli , Prince Raj , Panda Swayamtrupta , Ratra Bharat
Published: January 2024

In Khadka et al., a sample of X-ray-detected reverberation-mapped quasars was presented and applied for the comparison of cosmological constraints inferred using two well-established relations in active galactic nuclei—the X-ray/UV luminosity (L

X
–L
UV) relation and the broad-line region radius–luminosity (R–L) relation. L

X
–L
UV and R–L luminosity distances to the same quasars exhibit a distribution of their differences that is generally asymmetric and positively shifted for the six cosmological models we consider. We demonstrate that this behavior can be interpreted qualitatively as arising as a result of the dust extinction of UV/X-ray quasar emission. We show that the extinction always contributes to the nonzero difference between L

X
–L
UV-based and R–L-based luminosity distances and we derive a linear relationship between the X-ray/UV color index E

X−UV and the luminosity-distance difference, which also depends on the value of the L

X
–L
UV relation slope. Taking into account the median and the peak values of the luminosity-distance difference distributions, the average X-ray/UV color index falls in the range of

E

¯

X
−
UV

=
0.03
–
0.28

mag for the current sample of 58 sources. This amount of extinction is typical for the majority of quasars and can be attributed to the circumnuclear and interstellar media of host galaxies. After applying the standard hard X-ray and far-UV extinction cuts, heavily extincted sources are removed but overall the shift toward positive values persists. The effect of extinction on luminosity distances is more pronounced for the L

X
–L
UV relation since the extinction of UV and X-ray emissions both contribute.
MEGASIM: Distribution and Detection of Earth Trojan Asteroids
Authors: Yeager Travis , Golovich Nathan , Pruett Kerianne
Published: January 2024

Using N-body simulation results from the MEGASIM data set, we present spatial distributions of Earth Trojan Asteroids and assess the detectability of the population in current and next-generation ground-based astronomical surveys. Our high-fidelity Earth Trojan Asteroid (ETA) distribution maps show never-before-seen high-resolution spatial features that evolve over timescales up to 1 Gyr. The simulation was synchronized to start times and timelines of two observational astronomy surveys: (1) the Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) and (2) the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). We calculate upper limits for the number of ETAs potentially observable with both the ZTF and LSST surveys. Due to the Yarkovsky Effect, we find no stable ETAs on billion-year timescales likely to be detected by any ETA survey, as no C-type or S-type ETAs (with H < 22 and H < 24, respectively) are likely to be stable on billion-year timescales, and ETAs large enough to remain stable on billion-year timescales are very rare relative to the rest of the ETA population. We find that a twilight ETA survey will not drastically increase the likelihood of individual ETA detection, but it would provide orders of magnitude more observations of select ETA populations. The null detection to date from ZTF restricts the potential ETA population to hundreds of objects larger than 100 m (at H ≈ 22), while a null detection by LSST will further restrict the ETA population to tens of objects larger than 100 m.
Hidden diversity of Pestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis (Amphisphaeriales, Sporocadaceae) species allied with the stromata of entomopathogenic fungi in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Sheng-Yu , Xu Yuan-Cheng , Lin Yu-Chen , Chuang Wei-Yu , Lin Shiou-Ruei , Stadler Marc , Tangthirasunun Narumon , Cheewangkoon Ratchadawan , AL-Shwaiman Hind A. , Elgorban Abdallah M. , Ariyawansa Hiran A.
Published: January 2024

Pestalotiopsissensu lato, commonly referred to as pestalotiopsis-like fungi, exhibit a broad distribution and are frequently found as endophytes, saprobes and pathogens across various plant hosts. The taxa within pestalotiopsis-like fungi are classified into three genera viz. Pestalotiopsis, Pseudopestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis, based on the conidial colour of their median cells and multi-locus molecular phylogenies. In the course of a biodiversity investigation focusing on pestalotiopsis-like fungi, a total of 12 fungal strains were identified. These strains were found to be associated with stromata of Beauveria, Ophiocordyceps and Tolypocladium in various regions of Taiwan from 2018 to 2021. These strains were evaluated morphologically and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of the ITS (internal transcribed spacer), tef1-α (translation elongation factor 1-α) and tub2 (beta-tubulin) gene regions were conducted for genotyping. The results revealed seven well-classified taxa and one tentative clade in Pestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis. One novel species, Pestalotiopsis manyueyuanani and four new records, N. camelliae-oleiferae, N. haikouensis, P. chamaeropis and P. hispanica, were reported for the first time in Taiwan. In addition, P. formosana and an unclassified strain of Neopestalotiopsis were identified, based on similarities of phylogeny and morphology. However, the data obtained in the present study suggest that the currently recommended loci for species delimitation of pestalotiopsis-like fungi do not deliver reliable or adequate resolution of tree topologies. The in-vitro mycelial growth rates of selected strains from these taxa had an optimum temperature of 25 °C, but growth ceased at 5 °C and 35 °C, while all the strains grew faster under alkaline than acidic or neutral pH conditions. This study provides the first assessment of pestalotiopsis-like fungi, associated with entomopathogenic taxa.
Molecular and morphological evidence support a new species of Rosaceae Prunus subg. Cerasus from Wuyishan National Park, southeast China
Authors: Yi Xiangui , Dong Jingjing , Chen Jie , Zhou Huajin , Wu Tong , Gao Shucheng , Chen Xiangzhen , LI Meng , Wang Xianrong
Published: January 2024

Prunus tongmuensis, a new species of cherry blossom, is described and illustrated from Wuyishan National Park, southeast China. This species is characterized by its tubular to nearly bottle-shaped receptacles and dark purple drupes. It can be distinguished from other wild cherry trees by its flowers and leaves, reddish brown young leaves, presence of 1–2 glands at the base of leaves, petioles densely covered with yellowish brown villi, longer pedicels (0.6–2.5 cm), villous pistil, and dark purple drupes. In the present study, we conducted a comprehensive morphological study based on specimens of the new species and its morphologically close species, field observations, and examination of pollen morphology. In addition, our phylogenetic analysis based on the complete plastid genome sequences further confirms the status of the new species and indicates that it is closely related to Prunus clarofolia, however, it notably differs in leaf shape, size, petiole villus color, gland location, timing of flower and leaf openings, and reflexed or spread sepals, as well as drupe color.
Genetic diversity and utilization of ginger (Zingiber officinale) for varietal improvement: A review
Authors: Oladosu Yusuff , Rafii Mohd Y , Arolu Fatai , Murugesu Suganya , Chukwu Samuel Chibuike , Salisu Monsuru Adekunle , Fagbohun Ifeoluwa Kayode , Muftaudeen Taoheed Kolawole , Kadar Asma Ilyani
Published: January 2024

Ginger is widely cultivated globally and considered the third most important spice crop due to its medicinal properties. It is cultivated for its therapeutic potential in treating different medical conditions and has been extensively researched for its pharmacological and biochemical properties. Despite its significant value, the potential for genetic improvement and sustainable cultivation has been largely ignored compared to other crop species. Similarly, ginger cultivation is affected by various biotic stresses such as viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, leading to a significant reduction in its potential yields. Several techniques, such as micropropagation, germplasm conservation, mutation breeding, and transgenic have been extensively researched in enhancing sustainable ginger production. These techniques have been utilized to enhance the quality of ginger, primarily due to its vegetative propagation mode. However, the ginger breeding program has encountered challenges due to the limited genetic diversity. In the selection process, it is imperative to have a broad range of genetic variations to allow for an efficient search for the most effective plant types. Despite a decline in the prominence of traditional mutation breeding, induced mutations remain extremely important, aided by a range of biotechnological tools. The utilization of in vitro culture techniques serves as a viable alternative for the propagation of plants and as a mechanism for enhancing varietal improvement. This review synthesizes knowledge on limitations to ginger cultivation, conservation, utilization of cultivated ginger, and the prospects for varietal improvement.
Nuevas evidencias sobre la calidad de la información geográfica contenida en las fuentes precatastrales: análisis a partir de un cabreve del siglo XVIII
Authors: Giménez-Font Pablo , Zaragozí Benito
Published: January 2024

Los registros precatastrales son una fuente histórica muy relevante para los estudios de historia agraria y evolución de la propiedad. No obstante, se trata generalmente de fuentes de tipo textual y sin representación gráfica, lo que supone limitaciones evidentes. En el caso de los territorios donde predominaba el contrato enfitéutico, la concurrencia de derechos sobre una misma parcela (dominios útil y directo), obligó a generar documentos de control de elevada precisión, entre los que destacan los cabreves. En este estudio analizamos un cabreve de la baronía de Sella (Alicante), datado en 1726, a partir del cual se ha realizado un estudio de caso en el valle de Tagarina, con una superficie aproximada de 1000 ha. Las relaciones de vecindad contenidas en este cabreve se han modelizado como grafos espaciales y, mediante un proceso iterativo, se ha logrado superponer la estructura parcelaria de 1726 sobre otras capas de información cartográfica (principalmente, toponimia, relieve y ortofotografía). Combinar el grafo espacial con otras fuentes geohistóricas (establiments de 1613 y el catastro de 1917) permite observar la evolución de la propiedad a través del seguimiento de familias de enfiteutas que se convirtieron en propietarios. Estas nuevas evidencias no hacen sino confirmar la calidad y las posibilidades de explotación de la información geográfica contenida en los cabreves.
Conceptual Thought: Differentiating a Bergsonian Topic
Authors: Lindén Jan-Ivar
Published: January 2024

Bergson tends to see concepts as pragmatic functions, enabling our skilful orientation in the world. This conducts him to search for philosophical alternatives to epistemic strategies founded on conceptual determination. It is here that he introduces intuition, a function later on cherished in quite different philosophical and literary settings. In order to understand the Bergsonian project, it is important not to be misled by the ordinary connotations of the word intuition and see how Bergson develops his topics in a metaphysical context which concerns the relation between life, knowledge, and consciousness. Some questions however arise concerning the Bergsonian way of describing concepts as an equivalent to the fixed, practically important points of orientation in vital perception. It is not evident how we should understand reflective conceptual thinking in this context. Is Bergson's view of concepts perhaps too instrumental? A comparison with the ancient tradition in general and Aristotle in particular, allows to shed some light on these matters and suggests a possibility of ontologically rehabilitating the stable, which for Bergson is often confounded with the rigidity of instrumental reason. Through these critical remarks it can also become clearer how Bergsonian philosophy of life can add some important modifications to the metaphysical tradition.
The Analysis of Instrument Automatic Monitoring and Control Systems Under Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Wang Qinmei
Published: January 2024

This integration enables the system to collect and monitor information from remote sources efficiently. During the course of this research, a novel predictive PID approach was developed, splitting the control architecture into two tiers. The upper tier utilizes the extreme learning machine (ELM) as an intelligent predictive model, while the lower tier integrates an enhanced single-neuron adaptive predictive PID control algorithm, combining the strengths of ELM and PID control. The research findings suggest that the AI algorithm-based instrument automatic monitoring and control system holds significant promise. This technology has the potential to enhance production efficiency, reduce energy consumption, improve environmental monitoring, and provide superior safety and quality control.
College Students ' Ecological Environment Moral Education From the Perspective of Ecological Civilization
Authors: Yao Renjun , Ajjawi Rola
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the ecological environment moral education of college students based on deep learning. This article first points out the concept of deep learning and the relationship between ecological civilization and college students' ecological environment morality. Then, it expounds the latest concepts and achievements of ecological civilization in China, analyzes the deficiencies and reasons of current college students' ecological moral education, and clearly points out the significance of strengthening college students' ecological moral education based on in-depth learning. This article focuses on the main contents and principles of setting suggestions of the ecological environment moral education for college students. Finally, it gives the countermeasures for the ecological environment moral education of college students based on deep learning. It focuses on the theoretical realization of college students' ecological environmental moral education from the perspective of deep learning, aiming at promoting the construction of ecological civilization.
Application of Big Data Technology in College Music Education
Authors: Bian Jiang , Yang Tao
Published: January 2024

Based on information technology to promote the upgrading of various industries, the core of Industry 4.0, the current internet big data has gradually become a hot spot of social development, and a huge amount of data gushes out. Music is the education of beauty, and it is a key to inspire people to be true and good. China has been a land of culture and music since ancient times, and has a very high position in the history of world music. Combining advanced information technology with traditional music education to promote the development of national music education is of great significance to quality education. Based on the high-speed development of the era of big data, this article studies the specific application of big data technology in college music education, helps college students to cultivate open thinking and improve their independent music learning ability through online teaching platform, and formulates different teaching plans according to students' music learning data.
The Application of Multimedia Information Fusion Technology in the Construction of University Intelligent Libraries
Authors: Pang Nan
Published: January 2024

Multimedia information fusion technology is currently a popular technology for data processing. The advanced productivity it brings is dozens of times that of traditional data information processing. The collected and processed information is not only efficient and accurate, but also has strong scalability. With the continuous development of college education in China, the problem of the construction of intelligent library in colleges and universities has gradually surfaced. The establishment of a university intelligent library is a process of integration and common progress between disciplines. This article starts from the current situation of university libraries, studies and analyzes intelligent libraries at home and abroad, and finally combines the existing multimedia information fusion technology to analyze the theoretical level of information flow as an important idea of the current university intelligent library construction.
Application of Computer Vision on E-Commerce Platforms and Its Impact on Sales Forecasting
Authors: Liu Wei-Dong , She Xi-Shui
Published: January 2024

In today's digital age, the e-commerce industry continues to grow and flourish. The widespread application of computer vision technology has brought revolutionary changes to e-commerce platforms. Extracting image features from e-commerce platforms using deep learning techniques is of paramount importance for predicting product sales. Deep learning-based computer vision models can automatically learn image features without the need for manual feature extractors. By employing deep learning techniques, key features such as color, shape, and texture can be effectively extracted from product images, providing more representative and diverse data for sales prediction models. This study proposes the use of ResNet-101 as an image feature extractor, enabling the automatic learning of rich visual features to provide high-quality image representations for subsequent analysis. Furthermore, a bidirectional attention mechanism is introduced to dynamically capture correlations between different modalities, facilitating the fusion of multimodal features.