bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency micropulse cyclophotocoagulation in patients with advanced and severe stage of primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Postupaev A.V. , Postupaeva N.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Specialists, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of micropulse cyclophotocoagulation (MP-CPC) in treatment patients with advanced and severe stages of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Material and methods. Clinical study was carried out in 74 patients (74 eyes) with POAG aged 49 to 82 years. The advanced stage of glaucoma was detected in 35 eyes, the severe stage - in 39 eyes. The intraocular pressure (IOP) level before surgery varied from 23 to 36 mm Hg, averaging 29,6 ± 2,5 mm Hg. All patients underwent MP-CPC to standard technique using the Cyclo G6 Glaucoma Laser System the MicroPulse P3 glaucoma device (IRIDEX, USA). The observation period was 6 months. Results. All surgeries went without complications. The average IOP level on the 1st day after surgery was 21,1 ± 1,3 mm Hg. On the 1st day after surgery the more pronounced IOP decrease was revealed in patients with a dark (brown) iris color in comparison with a light (blue) iris. It was found that in periods to 6 months, the hypotensive effect of the surgery was more pronounced in patients of the age group under 60 years in comparison with the age group over 71 years. During the 1 year follow-up period, the IOP level was within normal values in 64 eyes (87%), averaging 20.9±1.2 mm Hg. Conclusion. MP-CPC is effective and safe operation to normalize IOP in most patients with advanced and severe stage of POAG with a follow-up period of 1 year. Keywords: micropulse cyclophotocoagulation, primary open-angle glaucoma, mild stage, moderate stage, intraocular pressure
Choice of macular hole closure technique in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors:   Institute of Advanced Training of Doctors of N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fayzrakhmanov R.R. ,   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vaganova E.E. ,   Institute of Advanced Training of Doctors of N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Larina E.A. ,   Institute of Advanced Training of Doctors of N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation,   N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sekhina O.L. ,   Institute of Advanced Training of Doctors of N.I. Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with retinal detachment and macular hole PVR C, depending on the method of closure of the macular hole. Material and methods. We analized the data of 22 patients (22 eyes), divided into 2 groups. Patients of the 1st group (11 patients) underwent surgical treatment with closure of the macular hole with an inverted flap of the inner limiting membrane. Patients of the 2nd group (11 patients) underwent surgical treatment with the closure of the macular hole by the technique of mechanical convergence of the edges and the use of autological conditioned plasma. The vitreal cavity was plugged with 1300 silicone oil. Results. In the 1st group, the macular hole was blocked in 100 % of cases, in the 2nd group in 81 % of cases (9 patients). In the 1st group, visual acuity increased to 0.1 ± 0.04, and in the 2nd group it increased to 0.8 ± 0.03. When examining patients of the 2nd group a month after the removal of silicone, in 64 % of cases (7 people), according to optical coherence tomography the formation of an epiretinal membrane. Conclusion. So, the closure of the macular hole using the inverted flap method made it possible to achieve better anatomical and functional results, and the high incidence of epiretinal membrane formation indicates the need for membranopiling when closing the macular hole in such patients due to the high risk of progression of postoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Keywords: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, macular hole, inverted flap inner limiting membrane, autologous conditioned plasma, epiretinal membrane
Features of management of perioperative period in patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis during ophthalmic surgery
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pavlyushchenko L.V. ,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kolenko O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Specialists, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Filimonova E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. Study of frequency and structure of hepatitis and cirrhosis among ophthalmic surgical patients. Material and methods. Among 1706 patients, 43 patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis were selected. A clinical assessment of their etiology, severity, and possibility of performing ophthalmic surgery in these patients was carried out. Results. The average age of the selected 43 patients was 64.1 ± 9.7 years, in 72.1 % they conasist in elderly age group. 88.4 % had viral hepatitis (B, C, chronic HBV and HCV coinfection), 9.3 % had a toxic hepatitis, and one patient (2.3 %) had autoimmune hepatitis. Among hepatitis, HCV monoinfection prevailed (55.4 %). The vast majority (97.7 %) had minimal disease activity. Although violations of hemostasis system were detected in 9 patients, signs of significant hypocoagulability were observed in 3 people (6.9 %). After 3-days course of intramuscular injections of vitamin K 2–3 times a day, all 3 patients underwent successful ophthalmic surgery. 97.7 % of patients were admitted to surgery: 39 people. – in planned manner, 3 people – after medical preparation. In one patient with suspected acute viral hepatitis B, planned surgical treatment was postponed. Conclusion. In general structure of ophthalmic surgical patients, the proportion of patients with hepatitis and cirrhosis was 2.5 %. Viral hepatitis B and C prevailed (88.4 %), HCV monoinfection dominated (55.4 %). The vast majority of patients (97.7 %) had minimal hepatitis activity, 6.9 % had signs of significant hypocoagulability, which required their preoperative preparation. Keywords: hepatitis, cirrhosis, ophthalmic surgery
Possibilities of therapy of acute optic neuritis associated with herpes virus infection
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Storozhilova D.A. , Egorov V.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Smolyakova G.P. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Danilova L.P. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Makarova T.E. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Emanova L.P. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Zhaivoronok N.S. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Udovichenko E.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To study the clinical efficacy of complex treatment of optic neuritis (ON) associated with herpesvirus infection (HVI), including immunotherapy methods. Material and methods. The study included 37 people (37 eyes) with acute ON associated with HVI. The scheme of treatment of patients included the supply of solutions to the optic nerve: dexamethasone in a decreasing pattern, Emoxypin 1 % 0.5 ml and Dicinon 12.5 % 0.5 ml through an irrigation system implanted in the retrobulbar space, in combination with the appointment neuroprotection drugs (Pikamilon and Semax) for 10 days. All patients were divided into 2 groups. The 1st group consisted of 17 patients who were treated only according to the method described above. The 2nd group consisted of 20 patients who additionally received Imunofan intramuscularly in the regimen and doses according to the manufacturer's instructions. Immunotherapy was carried out for 10–12 days. Results. Data analysis showed that the most significant positive dynamics was observed in patients of the 2nd group. Conclusion. The developed scheme of etiotropic and pathogenetic immunotherapy for herpesvirus ON allows to reduce the recovery time and improve the functional results of treatment in the absence of recurrence of the disease within 1 year of observation. Keywords: optic neuritis, herpes virus infection, corticosteroid therapy, immunotherapy
Search of possibilities of objective criterion risk for acute attack of glaucoma in anatomically short eyes
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kolenko O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pashentsev I.E. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Marchenko A.N. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Samokhvalov N.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To assess the prognostic significance of the LAF coefficient (Lens thickness/ Axial length Factor) as risk factor for acute attack of glaucoma in anatomically short eyes of Europeans. Material and methods. 1st group consisted of 24 patients (48 eyes) with axial hyperopia. 2nd group included 24 patients (48 eyes) with primary closure of the anterior chamber angle. The 3rd group was formed by 17 patients (34 eyes) with initial stage of primary angle-closure glaucoma. The 4th group included 35 patients (35 eyes) with an acute attack of glaucoma. The studied groups did not differ in age (p = 0.97) and gender (p = 0.28). Lens thickness and axial length (AL) were measured using A-scan on biometer IOLMaster 700 (Carl Zeiss®, Germany) with calculation of LAF coefficient. Results. The LAF coefficient in the 4th (acute attack) group was statistically significantly higher than in the first 3 groups. The best separation of the 1st and 4th groups is provided by LAF coefficient compared to lens thickness and AL indexes with sensitivity, specificity and the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 89 %, 83 % and 0.9, respectively. LAF coefficient values greater than 2.332 in patients with short AL are objectively associated with high risk of acute attack of glaucoma. The average value of the LAF coefficient (2.528) obtained by us in the 4th (acute attack of glaucoma) group significantly exceeds these indexes in works of other authors, which may be due to morphometric features of structure of eyes of Europeans compared to eyes of Asians. Conclusion. The LAF coefficient provides better separation of the 1st and 4th groups, in comparison with the lens thickness indexes, and especially the AL. LAF coefficient values greater than 2.332 in eyes with short AL objectively indicate high risk of acute attack of glaucoma, as evidenced by high sensitivity, specificity, and AUC. Keywords: acute attack of glaucoma, LAF, lens thickness, short axial length, risk factor
Comparative results of small astigmatism correction by implanting multifocal and multifocal-toric IOLs
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation, Bikbov M.M. , Orenburkina O.I. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation, Babushkin A.E. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Purpose. To analyze the results of small astigmatism correction by implanting multifocal and multifocal-toric IOLs. Material and methods. We analyzed the outcomes of operations of 65 patients (77 eyes) with corneal astigmatism 0.5–0.75 dpt, which were divided into 2 groups. The 1st (main) group of 34 patients (38 eyes) with implanted multifocal toric IOL Acrysof IQ PanOptix Toric during cataract phacoemulsification, the 2nd (control) group: 31 patients (39 eyes) with implanted multifocal IOL Acrysof IQ PanOptix. Results. Intra- and postoperative complications were not noted. 1 month after surgery the spheroequivalent is within ±0.5 dptr was achieved in 35 cases (92.1 %) in 1st group and 32 (74.4 %) in 2nd group. Residual astigmatism in the main group (with implanted PanOptix Toric) and the control group (PanOptix) was 0.18 ± 0.07 D and –0.91 ± 0.25 D respectively. By 3 months after surgery, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 0.8 dpt and higher was achieved in 94.7 % of cases in the main group, the corresponding indicator in the control group was 82.1 % (p < 0.05). The difference in average near-field visual acuity in photopic and mesopic light conditions in both groups by 6 months after surgery was not statistically significant. When assessing vision at medium distances in patients of 2nd group (with multifocal IOLs), statistically significantly lower rates of UCVA (p ≤ 0.05) were recorded. The results of the survey of patients using the VFQ-14 questionnaire: the average value in 1st group was 96.7 ± 1.2 (95.1–100) points, and in 2nd group 82.8 ± 2.3 (78.6–92.3) points, (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Comparative analysis showed that after implantation of a multifocal toric IOL, patients with small astigmatism (0.5–0.75) had significantly higher UCVA at long and medium distances at different light levels, compared with patients with implanted multifocal IOL. It is recommended to these patients give preference to multifocal toric IOL when choosing IOL. Keywords: multifocal IOLs, multifocal-toric IOLs, astigmatism of small cylinders, cataract phacoemulsification
Iron tablets and vitamin C (1000 mg): Can they enhance haemoglobin levels and cardiovascular capacity in female martial athletes?
Authors: Made Budiawan , Luhur I Made Jati , Widiarta Made Bayu Oka
Published: September 2023

Regarding nutrition, providing proper food intake can produce optimal physical conditions and provide sufficient energy. This research aimed to prove that combining iron tablets and 1000 mg of vitamin C can increase hemoglobin levels and maximum oxygen volume in female athletes in martial arts. This research used an experimental group design by using a randomized post-test-only control group design. It used 40 female athletes divided into four groups and carried out for 12 weeks. The control group was given a placebo, treatment group one was given iron tablets three times a week, treatment group two was given 1000 mg of vitamin C three times a week, and treatment group three was given a combination of iron tablets and 1000 mg vitamin C. The results show that the mean of hemoglobin levels in the group given iron tablets is 13.23 ± 1.09 g/dL, vitamin C is 12.69 ± 0.89 g/dL, and a combination of iron tablets and vitamin C is 14.50 ± 1.40 g/dL significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control group, namely 11.93 ± 1.08 g/dL. The average maximum oxygen volume level in the group given iron tablets is 41.24 ± 0.52 ml/Kg/minute, vitamin C is 40.58 ± 0.66 ml/Kg/min, and a combination of iron tablets and vitamin C is 43.33 ± 0.41 ml/Kg/min which is significantly higher (p < 0.05) compare to the control group’s average of 38.33 ± 0.42 ml/Kg/min. It concludes that giving iron and vitamin C tablets to female martial arts athletes can significantly increase hemoglobin levels and maximum oxygen volume. Therefore, iron and vitamin C tablets are proven to contribute to overcoming the problem of anemia in women and are able to increase the cardiovascular capacity of athletes.
Why Yttrium Hexaboride Exhibits a Much Higher Superconducting Tc than Near-Identical Lanthanum Hexaboride
Authors: Lavroff Robert , Munarriz Julen , Dickerson Claire , Munoz Francisco , Alexandrova Anastassia
Published: September 2023

Though YB6 and LaB6 share the same crystal structure, atomic valence electron configuration, and phonon modes, they exhibit drastically different phonon-mediated superconductivity. YB6 superconducts below 8.4 K, giving it the second-highest critical temperature of known borides. LaB6 does not superconduct until near-absolute zero temperatures, however. Though previous studies have quantified the canonical superconductivity descriptors of YB6’s greater Fermi-level (Ef) density of states and higher electron-phonon coupling (EPC), the root of this difference has not been assessed with full detail of the electronic structure. Through chemical bonding, we determine low-lying, unoccupied 4f atomic orbitals in lanthanum to be the key difference between these superconductors. These orbitals, which are not accessible in YB6, hybridize with sigma B-B bonds and bring this pi-system lower in energy than the B-B bonds otherwise at Ef. This inversion of bands is crucial: the phonon modes we show responsible for superconductivity cause the sigma-orbitals of YB6 to change drastically in overlap, but couple weakly to the pi-orbitals of LaB6. These phonons in YB6 even access an electronic-state crossing, indicating strong EPC. No such crossing in LaB6 is observed. Finally, a supercell (the M k-point) is shown to undergo a Peierls-like effect in YB6, introducing additional EPC.
Non-classical crystallization pathway of transition metal phosphate compounds
Authors: Karafiludis Stephanos , Kochovski Zdravko , Scoppola Ernesto , Retzmann Anika , Hodoroaba Vasile-Dan , ten Elshof Johan , Emmerling Franziska , Stawski Tomasz
Published: September 2023

Here, we elucidate non-classical multistep crystallization pathways of transition metal phosphates from aqueous solutions. We followed precipitation processes of M-struvites, NH4MPO4∙6H2O, and M-phosphate octahydrates, M3(PO4)2∙8H2O, where M = Ni, Co, NixCo1-x by using in-situ scattering and spectroscopy-based techniques, supported by elemental mass spectrometry analyses and advanced electron microscopy. Ni- and Co-phosphates crystallize via intermediate colloidal amorphous nanophases which subsequently change their complex structures while agglomerating, condensing, and densifying throughout the extended reaction times. We reconstructed the three-dimensional morphology of these precursors by employing cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET). We found that the complex interplay between metastable amorphous colloids and proto-crystalline units determines the reaction pathways. Ultimately, the same crystalline structure, such as struvite, is formed. However, the multistep process stages vary in complexity and can last from a few minutes to several hours depending on the selected transition metal(s), their concentration, and the Ni:Co ratio.
Identificación cultural y emocional con Madrid a través de la serie Valeria (Netflix, 2020-2023)
Authors: Higueras Ruiz María José
Published: September 2023

Los servicios de VoD —video on demand— favorecen la configuración de un mercado televisivo global en la industria audiovisual contemporánea. El carácter trasnacional del operador de Netflix permite la distribución internacional de series de ficción producidas localmente y, con ello, la transmisión de identidades culturales nacionales en un contexto global. El presente artículo[1] se dirige a determinar la representación de la idiosincracia nacional española a través de las imágenes de la ciudad de Madrid incluidas en la serie de producción original de Netflix: Valeria (2020-2023). Se aplica una metodología cualitativa basada en la revisión bibliográfica de trabajos previamente publicados y el examen de la citada ficción. Con este fin se elabora una tabla de análisis con los datos técnicos, la identificación cultural y emocional, y el lenguaje audiovisual de las escenas que muestran localizaciones de la ciudad. Los resultados revelan la inclusión de exteriores y arquitecturas, locales de actividad económica y símbolos identitarios a través de imágenes que articulan las tramas personales y profesionales de los personajes con una cuidada realización audiovisual. Las conclusiones evidencian la proximidad cultural para la audiencia local y las opciones turísticas de la ciudad de Madrid a través de la serie y su material promocional.
 
[1] Este artículo ha sido escrito en el marco del proyecto de la Conserjería de Universidad, Investigación e Innovación de la Junta de Andalucía y FEDER, Una manera de Hacer Europa/Proyecto (B-SEJ-370-UGR20) “La industria cinematográfica andaluza en el HIPERSECTOR AUDIOVISUAL-TIC: retos y oportunidades” (CINATIC). Investigadores Principales: Francisco Javier Gómez-Pérez y Jordi Alberich Pascual.
Investigation of the Spray Generation due to Bag Breakup Fragmentation Phenomena with Optical Methods in Environmental and Technical Systems
Authors: Sergeev D.A. , Troitskaya Y.I. , Cherdantsev A.V.
Published: September 2023

This paper discusses the results of a detailed study of bag breakup spray fragmentation process obtained using various panoramic optical methods: shadow imaging and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) with high-speed video recording. The experiments were carried out in two fundamentally different configurations. When blowing the air flow above a deep-water layer, with the presence of large-scale waves on the surface, and vice versa in conditions of thin layers of liquid. Comparison of the results of observations demonstrated not only the general similarity of the evolution scenario, but also the dependences of the spatiotemporal scales of the process of fragmentation and the formation of droplets on the characteristic flow velocities according to the bag breakup events. This indicates the universal nature of the phenomena leading to the fragmentation and separation of drops from the surface of a liquid blown by a gas flow in natural and technical hydrodynamic systems of a wide class with scales varying over a wide range.
Comparison of the peaceful end of life theory with theory of human caring in clinical problem
Authors: Shenila Shamsuddin
Published: September 2023

This paper discusses two nursing theories, the "Peaceful End of Life Theory" and the "Theory of Human Caring," and their application in clinical practice. The "Peaceful End of Life Theory" focuses on improving the quality of life for terminally ill patients and achieving a peaceful end of life. Its major concepts include pain management, comfort, dignity, respect, being at peace, and closeness to significant others. The "Theory of Human Caring," emphasizes the importance of caring for both the patient and the nurse. It aims to improve nursing practice, education, management, and research. The theories are applied in clinical practice through interventions such as pain management, involving the family in decision-making, and ensuring a peaceful environment for the patient's final hours.
Currency Substitution and General Business Indicators in Nigeria
Authors: Adekunle Ahmed Oluwatobi
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This paper examines the effects of currency substitution on general business indicators in Nigeria.
 
Theoretical framework: This paper is based on portfolio balance theory which is concerned with interest rate adjustment and achieving the market equilibrium on currency substitution aggregate.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper employed appropriate econometric techniques such as the cointegration and error correction model (ECM) approach to examine the long run and short run attendant relationships.
 
Findings: Empirical findings from this study indicate that there is a long run relationship between currency substitution and general business indicators variables as inflation, interest rate differentials, and exchange rate depreciation in Nigeria, the magnitudes of the impact of each are weak.
 
Research, Practical & Social implications: The construction and analysis of currency substitution and general business environment by this study have provided relevant information for Nigerian economy in preparing for substantial currency substitution that would give clear understanding of the aggregate business environment on existing currency substitution policy that may lessen the anxiety of the apparent environmental challenges faced by the countries, and this will further provide policy directions for future currency substitution reforms in the various segment of the economy.
 
Originality/Value: The originality of this study lies in its analysis of currency substitution and general business environment. Furthermore, the study highlights the relevance of tackling regulatory issues to ensure the safe and effective use of currency substitution.
Economics of financial and tax risk management
Authors:   Penza State Agrarian University Russia, Penza, Polyakova M.A.
Published: September 2023

In conditions of macroeconomic instability and deterioration of the geopolitical situation in the world due to sanctions pressure on Russia from Western countries, forecasting and identification of risks are becoming important in the formation of strategies for financial and economic activities of business entities, which determines the relevance of the subject of this article - financial and tax risk management to avoid financial risks that they bear. The purpose of the work is to identify problems of financial and tax risk management on the example of an economic entity and to find ways to solve them. The article discusses the theoretical aspects of the concepts of "financial risk", "tax risk" in terms of their content, causes and impact on the financial and economic activities of business entities. The author's definitions of the concepts "financial risk" and "tax risk" are given in the article. In the course of the study, the analysis of the causes of risks was carried out using analytical, monographic, logical, comparative, generalizing approaches, coefficient analysis, etc. It is concluded that it is necessary to consider risks from the perspective of the complex nature of their occurrence and existence in the activities of economic entities. Possible interrelations of risks are identified and ways to reduce the severity of their consequences are proposed.
National Projects of Russia as an Image Management Problem
Authors:   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia, Simonov K.V.
Published: September 2023

The subject of the study is the image of Russia's national projects in the media space. The relevance of the article lies in the fact that national projects developed in the mid-2010s, which were initially perceived by Russian citizens with enthusiasm and great interest, began to lose their image appeal after the financial crises and the coronavirus pandemic, causing problems in the implementation of reforms. The purpose of the work is to develop measures for image support of national projects, which assume as effects from their implementation not only an increase in the loyalty of the population to the implementation of large—scale economic projects of the authorities, but also obtaining an economic effect. It was revealed that the leading socio-political media of the country publish from 500 to 1000 materials per year with the keyword "national project", while the most frequent words used in oppositional media are the words — failure, corruption, poverty, violations, deadlock, officials, and in publications loyal to the government — results, indicators, control, methods, problem, solution. It is established that the greatest discursive indicators are observed in such national projects as "Safe and high-quality roads", "Health care", "Demography", "Education", "Housing". It is noteworthy that in the entire media field of the country, the most media-visible characters are the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin (26%) and the heads of Russian regions, while at the level of federal ministries only Prime Minister M.V. Mishustin is mentioned.
The Impact of the Digital Revolution on the Development of Artificial Intelligence and the Introduction of Robot Process Automation into the Activities of a Modern Company
Authors:   Financial University,  Moscow, Russia, Shchurina S.V.
Published: September 2023

The subject / topic. The state of the information space in the conditions of the digital revolution and the new realities of the digitalization process affecting all spheres of human activity, including the development of artificial intelligence and robotics to displace human labor through special software tools when performing monotonous and routine production operations. The aim of the article. Generalization of the influence of artificial intelligence on the activities of modern companies and their employees. The study substantiates the need to support domestic companies in the field of software development based on the «market in exchange for investment» mechanism. It involves the conclusion of an agreement between the government and software developers with the status of systemically significant organizations to ensure competitive advantages in the digital environment and replace the largest foreign software companies that have left the Russian market after the start of a special military operation in Ukraine. Automation of robotic processes is considered. Conclusions / significance. Conclusions are drawn about the need to develop an effective state policy of Russia on the introduction of artificial intelligence into production using modern logistics chains.
Digital Transformation of the Public Sector as a Necessary Condition for the Transition to an Innovative Type of Economic Development
Authors:   Institute of Public Service and Management of RANEPA,  Moscow, Russia, Andreev E.V.
Published: September 2023

The subjects of the research are the introduction of information systems and the creation of digital platforms as a tool for the digital transformation of the public sector of the Russian Federation in connection with the transfer of the activities of public authorities and business structures to the digital space to optimize and improve the efficiency of their activities. The purpose of the work is to establish effective mechanisms for digitalization of state and municipal administration, as well as state organizations through the use of developing and developing digital platforms. The relevance of this study is due to the tendency of all economically developed countries to digitalize public administration, which has significantly increased after the coronavirus pandemic due to the need to organize stable internal and external interaction of government agencies and business entities in electronic format. The paper analyzes the main legislative acts in the field of digitalization and the activities of state bodies, as well as organizations with state participation; reveals the essence of digital transformation and justifies the feasibility of reorganizing the accompanying business processes on the example of large state-owned enterprises; considers the main information technologies, systems and digital platforms; suggests the most effective approaches to decision-making in the field of digitalization state and municipal management in the conditions of transition to an innovative type of economic development. The conclusion is made about the need for digital transformation in the field of state and municipal services in electronic form as an integral part of the economy focused on an innovative type of development.
Procesos de digitalización, seguimiento de la información política y cambios en la cultura política de América Latina
Authors: Cazorla Martín Ángel
Published: September 2023

El presente trabajo analiza los procesos de digitalización en América Latina a lo largo de los últimos años, al mismo tiempo que su relación con los cambios en las dinámicas de seguimiento de la información y participación política. En primer lugar se realiza una caracterización de los cambios en la cultura política de la región, teniendo en cuenta tanto sus factores estructurales como condicionantes subjetivos y cognitivos, prestando especial atención a la confianza y satisfacción política e institucional. En segundo lugar se presenta el estado de la cuestión sobre los medios de comunicación en la región y su relación con la cultura política para así profundizar en algunas de las dinámicas de participación política ciudadana y sus cambios a partir de los nuevos medios digitales. Posteriormente se analizan los resultados del trabajo de campo, obtenidos a partir de la recopilación de datos de sucesivas oleadas del Latinobarómetro[1].

En relación a los procesos de digitalización y al uso de medios digitales para la información política, los resultados muestran el gran avance que ha tenido la región, al mismo tiempo que pone de manifiesto las grandes diferencias entre países, encontrando como principal variable explicativa el desarrollo económico. En cuanto a la relación entre los componentes de cultura política tenidos en cuenta y el uso de medios digitales para la información política, los resultados muestran el papel que tanto la confianza institucional como la satisfacción democrática juegan en el uso político de medios digitales.

 

[1] Se ha realizado el análisis de las series del Latinobarómetro en las cuales se indaga al respecto del seguimiento de la información política a través de medios digitales, Internet y Redes Sociales. La última oleada del Latinobarómetro (referente al año 2020 y publicada en noviembre de 2021) ha eliminado las variables referidas a esta cuestión, condicionando por ello el fin de la serie al año 2018.
Diversity Trees Riverside Rindu Hati as Science Teaching Materials Oriented Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Gustari Pegi , Karyadi Bhakti , Sutarno Sutarno , Parlindungan Deni , Ekaputri Rendi Zulni , Yani Ariefa Primair , Uliyandari Mellyta
Published: September 2023

The diversity of plants that exist on the banks of the Rindu Hati River is overgrown with plants, one of which is a tree-loving plant that has an important role in the river ecosystem and has the potential to mitigate disasters. This study aims to identify Disaster Mitigation Oriented Tree-Habitus Plants on the Rindu Hati Riverbanks which can be used as teaching materials in the form of Learning Unit Books (BUP) to increase understanding of natural science concepts and disaster awareness. Determining the research location using purposive sampling technique and inventory of tree plants using the quadratic method with an area measuring 20 mx 20 m at the tree level, 10 mx 10 m at the pole level, and 5 mx 5 m at the sapling level. Found 18 plant species from 13 families with a total of 137 individuals. These plants have disaster mitigation potential with a diversity index at the tree level reaching 2.674 in the medium category, the pole level reaching 2.432 in the medium category and the sapling level reaching 1.791 in the medium category. Based on these findings, a BUP can be made which can facilitate students in learning about information on tree-loving plants as disaster mitigation.
The Effect of Discovery Learning on The Development and Strengthening of Understanding Basic Concepts in Biology Based on Students’ Experiences
Authors: Sudibjo Susi Martini
Published: September 2023

The Indonesian government is currently implementing two types of curriculums, namely the 2013 curriculum and the ‘Merdeka belajar’ curriculum which has been implemented for 2 years. Both of these differently named curriculums run together at different academic grades throughout Indonesia. Although they have different names, both curriculums have similarities in the application of their learning process, which is inquiry-based learning. Teachers can apply inquiry-based learning based on the guidelines specified in the curriculum or implement other inquiry-based learning methods, one of which is Wenning's levels of inquiry. This study aims to develop and strengthens the understanding of basic concepts in biology based on the student experience. This study investigates the impact of discovery learning on the development and strengthening of understanding basic concepts in biology, based on the experiences of students. The research aimed to explore the effectiveness of a discovery learning approach in enhancing students' comprehension and retention of fundamental biological principles. This study emphasizes the value of discovery learning as a powerful pedagogical approach for facilitating students' comprehension and mastery of basic concepts in biology. After carrying out the learning process with discovery learning steps, students get reinforcement of the basic concepts of the food digestive system and make it easier for students to carry out the next stage of inquiry.
The Differences of Male and Female Students’s Problem Solving Ability in Environmental Change Topic Based on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD)
Authors: Budianti Dewi Arum , Nugroho Ary Susatyo , Hayat Muhammad Syaipul
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the differences between male and female students’s problem solving abilities in environmental change topic based on ESD. This study used pre-experimental method with one group pretest – post test design. This study located at MA Darul Muqorrobin with subjects  30 students of class X who selected using a purposive sampling technique. Generally, female students’s problem solving ability is higher than male student’s, with a final value of 77.7 for male students and 82.3 for female students. Male students have an average total score higher than female students on the problem understanding indicator, namely 7.7 for male students and 7.4 for female students. In the problem-solving design indicator, female students have a higher average total score than male students, namely 6.1 for male students and 6.5 for female students. Female students have an average total score higher than male students on the indicator of carrying out problem solving, namely 5.8 for male students and 6.4 for female students. In the indicators evaluating problem solving, female students have an average total score higher than male students, namely 5.3 for male students and 5.9 for female students. The high female students’s problem solving ability due to the structure of woman’s corpus collasum which thicker than the men’s. Testosterone hormone causes men prefer learning that hands-on. The preoptic region in the men’s hypothalamus is larger than women’s so men can understand problem better than women. The interpretation of the N-Gain value is sufficient, so the learning of environmental change topic based on ESD is effective to improve problem solving ability in both students.
Primary closure method after asymmetrical excision of a pilonidal sinus treatment: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Atak Tuba
Published: September 2023

Background/Aim: There is no gold standard method in pilonidal sinus surgery, because each technique has a recurrence rate. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of pilonidal sinus surgeries performed by a single surgeon using excision and primary closure technique in a state hospital.
Methods: The study included 159 pilonidal sinus patients operated on by a single surgeon in the General Surgery Department between September 2014 and May 2022. The patients were investigated retrospectively, and age, gender, surgical technique, type of anesthesia administered, time needed to return to normal life, history of previous abscess drainage, long-term complaints in the incision area, number of intergluteal sinuses, postoperative complications and recurrence rates were recorded. Missing information was completed with polyclinic medical records and phone calls. Patients with incomplete data were excluded from the study. An excision and primary closure method was performed on all patients included in the study.
Results: Sixty-seven (42.1%) of the patients were male and 92 (57.9%) were female. The mean age was 27.8 (8.97) years. Twenty-one (13.2%) patients were operated on under local anesthesia, whereas 138 (86.8%) received spinal anesthesia. The mean operative time was 28.87 (8.01) minutes (range: 14-47 minutes). The mean length of hospital stay was determined to be one day (range: 6-24 hours). Surgical-site infections developed in 4 (2.5%) patients and wound dehiscence developed in 14 (8.8%) patients during the postoperative period. Patients developing these conditions were followed up with dressing and antibiotic treatment. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 67 months (range: 1-105 months). Recurrence was detected in six patients during the follow-up period, representing a recurrence rate of 3.8%.
Conclusion: Primary closure after asymmetrical excision of the pilonidal sinus is an easily performed technique with minimal postoperative pain and early wound healing. Additionally, this method has early return-to-work rates and low recurrence rates. We think that this method would be more applicable in pilonidal sinus surgery due to these advantages.
РОЗРОБКА ОПТИМАЛЬНОЇ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ОРІЄНТОВНОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ РОЗВИТКУ В СТРУКТУРІ ОПЕРАЦІЙНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Левицький Віктор
Published: September 2023

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням процесу розробки оптимальної соціально-орієнтованої стратегії розвитку в структурі операційного менеджменту підприємства. У дослідженні реалізовано науковий підхід до формування семантичної моделі процесу генерації соціально-орієнтованої стратегії в структурі операційного менеджменту підприємства, що складатиметься з двох основних етапів. Визначено, що на першому етапі проводиться діагностика рівня соціально-економічного розвитку підприємства в цілому та аналіз факторів внутрішнього і зовнішнього соціального середовища, що впливають на основні детермінанти розробки оптимальної соціально-орієнтованої стратегії розвитку в структурі операційного менеджменту підприємства. Крім того, здійснено експрес-діагностику її рівня та паралельно розраховано інтегральний показник в системі операційного менеджменту. На другому етапі процесу розробки соціально-орієнтованої стратегії розвитку в структурі операційного менеджменту підприємства запропоновано здійснити її реалізацію за даною моделлю, що забезпечить високий та комплексний рівень його соціально-економічної стійкості у довгостроковій перспективі.
INDICATORS OF AUTONOMIC REGULATION OF THE HEART IN YOUNGER SCHOOL CHILDREN WHO EXPERIENCED THE STRESS OF MILITARY OPE
Authors: Ershova Irina
Published: September 2023

The autonomic nervous system is particularly susceptible to stress. The results of a study of

prospective features of heart rate variability in primary school children who have experienced the stress of

military operations are presented. 128 children of primary school age who found themselves in the zone of

active hostilities were under observation. The assessment of vegetative functions was carried out by analyzing

the components of heart rate variability. The younger students of the Io group had a more pronounced sym pathicotonia already a year after the start of the stress factor exposure. By the end of the third year, the sym pathicotonic orientation of the regulation of the heart rhythm was replaced by vagotonic in children living in

the territory of the stressful situation of the war. The peculiarities of vegetative regulation in children who are

and have left the combat zone indicate an increase in the costs of the functional reserve to maintain the normal

level of functioning of the body
Problem-based learning method in the context of a flipped classroom: Outcomes on pain management course acquisition
Authors: Merrou Soumia , Idrissi Jouicha Abdellah , Baslam Abdelmounaim , Ouhaz Zakaria , El Adib Ahmed Rhassane
Published: September 2023

Introduction: A deep understanding of physiology, physiopathology, pharmacology, and the management of pain is crucial for nurse anaesthetists to ensure the well-being of their patients. Thus, the teaching strategies should enhance the transition from acquiring the fundamental pain phenomena, to developing translational and critical thinking. The aim of the study is to determine if the flipped classroom that is considered an active learning approach is most effective compared to the traditional method in teaching pain management and if it improves students' academic performance.
Methods: This study was quasi experimental, at a higher institute of nursing professions, among third-year anaesthesia resuscitation nursing students. participants were randomly allocated into either: the flipped classroom group where PBL was used (FG, n = 19), or the traditional lecture-based classroom group (TG, n = 19). The results and impact of the above approach were appreciated via the analysis of the summative assessment of the class group and from the questionnaire submitted to students.
Results: The present study revealed that in the midterm exam, the mean score of the flipped classroom group (14.0) which is significantly higher (p<0.01) than the traditional lecture group (11.9). Moreover, the standard deviation of this latter is slightly higher (2.41) which indicates scores far from the average. Also, a significant difference between the averages of the two approaches in favor of flipped classroom Group was revealed (p<0.01).
Conclusion: The assessment of student’s grades and their appreciation of both teaching approaches showed a preference for the PBL.

Keywords: Flipped Classroom, Nursing Education, Pain Management, Problem-Based Learning