Use of Parametric Methods and Questionnaires for the Study of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Schizophrenia
Authors:   V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology (a Federal Government-funded Institution), Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Novitskiy M.A. ,   St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Shnayder N.A. ,   V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology (a Federal Government-funded Institution), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation,   Professor V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Bugay V.A. ,   Professor V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Nasyrova R.F. ,   V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology (a Federal Government-funded Institution), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation,   Kazan (Privolzhsky) Federal University; Kazan, Russian Federation
Published: August 2021

Objective of the Review: To develop scales and questionnaires used to diagnose depressive disorders in schizophrenia patients. Key Points. We have analysed Russian and foreign publications for a period of 10 years (2010–2020) in the following databases: Clinicalkeys, Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer, Wiley Online Library, Taylor & Francis Online, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, ScienceDirect, and eLIBRARY.RU. Depression and anxiety disorders are diagnosed and their dynamics is evaluated using both standardized psychiatric screening and valid scales and questionnaires. Timely diagnosis and follow-up of depressive disorders in schizophrenia patients are based on a wide range of scales and questionnaires. However, they are useful not only for diagnosis and evaluation of the severity and/or the rate of depressive disorders, but also sometimes complicate comparison of observation results in different clinics, countries and globally. There is currently no unified methodology or algorithm for using of scales and questionnaires for depressive disorders in schizophrenia in general and depending on the condition stage and severity. Conclusion. Depressive disorders diagnosis in schizophrenia patients requires a multidisciplinary approach with participation of psychiatrists, neurologists and clinical pharmacologists to improve therapy results and patients’ quality of life. Depression and anxiety disorders are diagnosed and their dynamics is evaluated using both standardised psychiatric screening and valid scales and questionnaires. However, currently there is no a unified protocol for using a wide range of diagnostic scales and questionnaires for schizophrenia patients at high risk of depressive disorders, thus complicating continuation in follow-up of these patients both in inpatient and outpatient settings. Keywords: research methods, depressive disorders, schizophrenia, scale, questionnaire.