bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aerodynamic Performance Analysis of an Optimized Aerofoil for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: OLADEJO Kayode Lukman , ALABI Abdulmumin Akoredeley , DAMBATTA Yusuf Suleiman
Published: September 2023

This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the KAYABU aerofoil, optimised for low-altitude subsonic solar-powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). It benchmarks this aerofoil against the W.E 3.55–9.3 reference, known for subsonic solar UAVs. Performance metrics like lift-to-drag ratio, power factor, maximum lift, and stall angle are assessed. At a chosen Reynolds number of 165,000 which is relevant to the operating conditions of the UAV, Computational simulations using Xfoil and XFLR5 and wind tunnel experiments were used to validate the analysis. Results highlight KAYABU's superiority with a 1.2% boost in lift-to-drag ratio, a 16.5% rise in power factor for enhanced range and endurance, and a 40% improvement in stall angle for better stability. KAYABU also maintains lift post-stall, improving stability, and achieves an 11.6% lift increase. Experimental validation closely aligns with simulations, with an 8.7% power factor and 2.6% lift-to-drag ratio deviation. KAYABU's superior performance in subsonic UAVs enhances endurance, manoeuvrability, and mission success. This study advances knowledge and informs future solar UAV development.
Source-based health risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in Soil: A case study from a polymetallic mining region in Southeastern Hubei, Central China
Authors: Li Yanni , Liu Shan , Zhan Changlin , Liu Hongxia , Zhang Jiaquan , Guo Jianlin , Fang Lihu , Wang Yanan
Published: September 2023

To conduct a precise health risk assessment of heavy metals (HMs) in soil, it is imperative to ascertain the primary sources of potential health risks. To achieve this objective, we conducted comprehensive measurements of HMs, including Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Ti, V, and Zn, in soil extracted from the polymetallic mining area. A method combining the positive matrix factorization with the health risk assessment model was used to quantify the source-specific health risks. Results indicate that when compared to the local background values, the accumulation of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Sb, and Zn in the local soil appears to be influenced by anthropogenic activities. Among these sources, local industrial-related activities contributed the largest proportion of HMs to the soil at 34.7%, followed by natural sources at 28.7%, mining and metallurgy-related activities at 28.2%, and traffic-related activities at 8.40%. Although the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks associated with individual heavy metal elements were found to be below safety thresholds, the cumulative health risks stemming from total heavy metals exceeded safety limits for children. Moreover, the unacceptable health risks for children originating from industrial-related activities, natural sources, and mining and metallurgy-related activities were primarily concentrated in proximity to mining sites and industrial areas within the local region. This investigation furnishes valuable insights that can aid governmental authorities in formulating precise control policies to mitigate health threats posed by soils in polymetallic mining areas.
New distributional record for Siganus vermiculatus (Valenciennes, 1835) from the Veraval fishing landing centre along the Northwest coast of India
Authors: Motivarash Yagnesh , Kardani Hitesh , Rout Gopalchandra , Bhatt Ashishkumar , Kuhada Jayesh
Published: September 2023

A new distributional record of Vermiculated spinefoot Siganus vermiculatus (Valenciennes, 1835), belonging to the family Siganidae, for the first time from the northwest coast of India at Veraval fish landing centre (20054’03" N 700 22’ 10" E) in Gir-Somnath district of the state of Gujarat on 23 March 2022. The morphometric and meristic characters of the specimen were measured using standard taxonomic keys. Further, DNA barcoding was carried out for the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene from the tissues of the holotype specimen and phylogenetic studies using neighbor joining tree construction were done to ascertain the relationship and similarity with the specimens of the same species barcoded in the other places of southern India, and authentication of the specimens to S. vermiculatus was done. The species is reported from 900 km north of the previous nearest reported location.
Influence of Gd-Doping Concentration on Structural, Electronic, Magnetic and Optical Properties of Multiferroic Material (PFeO3): A Density Functional Theory-Based Investigation
Authors: Abbas Zeesham , Mirza Shafaat Hussain , Al-Qaisi Samah , Parveen Amna , Muhammad Shabbir , Algarni H.
Published: September 2023

Developing novel multiferroic (MF) materials with cross-linked effects (i.e., piezoelectricity, magnetoelectricity, and magnetostriction) that are functional at ambient temperature is a major goal for scientists. Herein, we employed first-principles calculations to investigate the effect of Gd-doping concentration on structural, electronic, magnetic and optical properties of PFeO3. It’s evident that structural stability increases as we increase doping concentration of Gd in parent compound. The calculated energy band structures reveals that electronic states shrink towards Fermi level as we increase Gd-doping concentration in spin (↑) channel. However, a gap between electronic states is induced from − 1.0 eV towards higher energies and this gap expands by increasing doping concentration in spin (↓) channel. By increasing Gd-doping concentration in PFeO3, the values of magnetic moments also increases. These compounds are promising candidates for spintronic applications as they are hugely magnetized compounds. A renowned GGA + U formulism has been employed in this study to investigate optical characteristics of P1 − xGdxFeO3 (X = 10%, 20%, 30%) over an energy range of 0‒14 eV. In spin (↑) channel, maximum values of ε2(ω) in visible region occurs at 2.36, 2.48 and 2.81 eV for P1 − xGdxFeO3 with 10%, 20% and 30% doping of Gd, respectively. However, considerable peaks of P1 − xGdxFeO3 with 10%, 20% and 30% doping of Gd in spin (↓) channel occur at 2.29, 2.41 and 2.57, respectively. The calculated optical parameters show that these compounds are promising candidates for potential photovoltaic applications.
Manipulating Spin-Torque Dynamics in Atomic Media with Electromagnetic Waves Interference
Authors: Hamza Amir , Tariq Muhammad , Khan Abuzar , Bacha Bakht Amin , Jan Saeedullah
Published: September 2023

In this article, Spin density and Torque of two interfering waves
are controlled and manipulated by applying two interacting control
fields and a probe field using a four-level N-type atomic
configuration of Rubidium-87 isotope. The spin density of light
can be controlled coherently in the atomic medium by
electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). When the strong
interacting control fields and the weak probe field are applied to
the atomic medium, the Rubidium atoms become transparent to the
probe field. It is due to the control fields that "dress" the
atoms, creating a new energy state that the weak probe field can
interact with. As a result, the weak probe field can pass through
the Rubidium atomic medium without being absorbed. Substantial
variations can be seen in the electric SAM and Torque of two
interfering waves with variations in the angle $\beta$ between the
two interfering waves, the Rabi frequencies of the control fields,
the detuning of the probe field, and the phase difference $\delta
\phi$ between waves. By introducing these changes of parameters in
the atomic medium, the spin density of two interfering waves can
be made to rotate in a specific direction or at a specific rate.
The parameters of control fields and probe field detuning play an
essential role in the modification of electric SAM and electric
spin vector field distribution of the probe field. The modified
work of this manuscript is useful for Quantum computing, Optical
communication, Quantum information processing.
Key Words: Dynamical properties of light, Electric spin
density, Two-wave interference, coherent control, Four-level
N-type atomic configuration
Comparison of PET tracing and biodistribution between 64Cu-labeled micro-and nano-polystyrene in a murine inhalation model
Authors: Shanmugiah Joycie , Zaheer Javeria , Im Changkeun , Kang Choong Mo , Kim Jin Su
Published: September 2023

Recent studies showed the presence of microplastic in human lungs. There remains an unmet need to identify the biodistribution of microplastic after inhalation. In this study, we traced the biodistribution of inhaled micro-sized polystyrene (mPS) and/or nano-sized PS (nPS) using 64Cu with PET in mice.
Methods:
We used 0.2-0.3-µm sized mPS and 20-nm sized nPS throughout. 64Cu-DOTA-mPS, 64Cu-DOTA-nPS and/or 64CuCl2 were used to trace the distribution in the murine inhalation model. PET images were acquired using an INVEON PET scanner at 1, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after intratracheal instillation, and the SUVmax for interesting organs were determined, biodistribution was then determined in terms of percentage injected dose/gram of tissue (%ID/g). Ex vivo tissue-radio thin-layer chromatography (Ex vivo-radioTLC) was used to demonstrate the existence of 64Cu-DOTA-PS in tissue.
Results:
PET image demonstrated that the amount of 64Cu-DOTA-mPS retained within the lung was significantly higher than 64Cu-DOTA-nPS until 72 h; SUVmax values of 64Cu-DOTA-mPS in lungs was 11.75.0, 48.36.2, 65.52.3, 42.213.1, and 13.22.3 at 1, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h respectively whereas it was 31.2 3.1, 17.3 5.9, 10.0 3.4, 8.1 2.4 and 8.9 3.6 for 64Cu-DOTA-nPS at the corresponding timepoints. The biodistribution data supported the PET data with a similar pattern of clearance of the radioactivity from the lung. nPS cleared rapidly post instillation in comparison to mPS within the lungs. Higher accumulation of %ID/g for nPS (roughly 2 times) were observed compared to mPS in spleen, liver, intestine, thymus, kidney, brain, salivary gland, ovary, and urinary bladder. Ex vivo-radioTLC was used to demonstrate that the detected gamma rays originated from 64Cu-DOTA-mPS or nPS.
Conclusion:
PET image demonstrated that the differences accumulations of mPS and/or nPS between lungs and other interesting organs. The information provided may be used as the basis for future studies on the toxicity of mPS and/or nPS.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Screening Practices for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy
Authors: Kim Jiyeong , Jeong Hyo Chan , Kwon Hyeon Yoon , Kim Young Hwan , Ahn Seong Joon
Published: September 2023

In this nationwide population-based cohort study, we investigated the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with hydroxychloroquine retinopathy screening using the National Health Insurance Review and Assessment database in South Korea. This study included a total of 32,732 at-risk patients, identified based on having been prescribed hydroxychloroquine for at least 6 months, and 15,477 long-term (> 5 years) users between January 2010 and December 2020. Participants were categorized based on the performance of baseline examinations (within 1 year of hydroxychloroquine use) and monitoring examinations (after 5 years of hydroxychloroquine use). Demographic and clinical factors, including hospitals and medical specialties prescribing hydroxychloroquine, indications for hydroxychloroquine use, and prescription details, were compared between groups. Significant differences were found in sex, residence, departments and hospitals (primary vs. referral centers) where hydroxychloroquine was prescribed, diagnosis for hydroxychloroquine therapy, and mean daily dose between patients who did and did not undergo baseline or monitoring examinations (all P < 0.01). Patients who received hydroxychloroquine prescriptions from referral hospitals were more likely to undergo baseline and monitoring examinations compared to those from primary clinics (both P < 0.001). Additionally, patients who received hydroxychloroquine prescriptions from the rheumatology department and had systemic lupus erythematosus were more likely to undergo baseline and monitoring examinations compared to other patients (all P < 0.001). There were notable differences in the number of modalities used for retinopathy screening between primary and referral centers (P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that several clinical factors related to hydroxychloroquine prescription and screening centers are associated with retinopathy screening practices.
Risk factors and characteristics of microplastics in the hospital wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Kamani Hossein , Ganji Fatemeh , Ghayebzadeh Mehdi
Published: September 2023

Plastic products are widely used globally, leading to their extensive presence in various wastewaters, water resources, and the environment, which poses environmental risks. Wastewater treatment plants are a significant source of the entry and release of microplastics into the environment. This study aims to investigate the abundance, shape, size, color, type of polymer, and risk of microplastic hazards in the hospital wastewater treatment plant. Samples were passed through stainless-steel sieves, and the digestion process was carried out using an H2O2 solution. Then, NaCl was used based on density to separate microplastics. The study utilized FESEM analysis to examine the surface morphology of microplastics and FTIR analysis to identify the type of polymer present in them. A semi-quantitative risk assessment model based on the polymers making up the microplastics was used to calculate the production risk of polymers present in the wastewater of wastewater treatment plant. The study found that the most common shape of microplastic particles in hospital wastewater treatment plant was fiber, and the predominant polymer identified in the microplastics of the wastewater was polypropylene. The hazard risk associated with certain polymers, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, and polyethylene, was found to be higher than the standard rate obtained from other studies. Therefore, the effluent from the wastewater treatment plant is an important source of microplastics entering the environment, which requires assessment and investigation of the environmental risks and impacts associated with it.
Effect of radiation therapy on patients with stage T3 or T4 malignant Phyllodes tumors: a retrospective observational study based on SEER
Authors: Zhang Gongyin , Yang Ping , Zeng Jinsheng , Wei Changlong
Published: September 2023

Purpose
Among all primary breast tumors, malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast(MPTB) make up less than 1%. In the treatment of phyllode tumors, surgical procedures such as mastectomy and breast-conserving surgery are the mainstay. MPTB has, however, been controversial when it comes to treating it with RT. We aimed to explore the prognostic impact of RT and other clinicopathologic factors on long-term survival for patients with stage T3 or T4 malignant phyllodes tumors.
Methods
We select patients with stage T3 or T4 MPTB who qualified for the criteria between 2000 and 2018 via the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We performed 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) and Kaplan-Meier analysis to explore the role of RT in long-term survival of patients with stage T3 or T4 MPTB. A univariate and multivariate analysis of OS and BCSS risk factors was carried out using a Cox proportional hazards model. In addition, the nomogram graph of OS and BCSS was constructed.
Results
A total of 583 patients with stage T3 or T4 malignant Phyllodes tumors were included in this study, of whom 154(26.4%) received RT, and 429(73.6%) were treated without RT. Before adjustment, between groups with and without RT, OS(p = 0.212) and BCSS(p = 0.1) indicated no significant difference respectively. Using of PSM, the two groups still did not differ significantly in OS(p = 0.172) and BCSS(p = 0.552). In multivariate analysis, age, surgery of primary site and distant metastatic status were related to prognosis, while RT still did not affect OS and BCSS.
Conclusion
Based on the SEER database analysis, the study suggests that the patients with stage T3 or T4 MPTB treated with RT after surgery didn't have significant differences in BCSS or OS compared to those not treated with RT.
Disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs predict prognosis and immune response of Liver hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Cheng , Xing Donghui , Luo kaiping , He Xiang , Wu Wenqi , Li Yuhang , Lv Yangyang , Guo Jing , Zhai Yixin , Liu Su , Wang Jinhuan , Tian Linyan , Sun Huimeng , Jiang Yanan , Zhao Zhigang
Published: September 2023

Background
Liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC) is the most common types of cancers.LncRNA has a very important role in the disease progression of LIHC, meanwhile, disufidptosis is a newly discovered mode of tumor cell death that has received high attention.Therefore, we explored the relationship of disufidptosis-related lncRNAs(DTLNS) with clinical prognosis, immunotherapy and drug sensitivity in the LIHC.
Methods
RNA-expression profiling and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and 10 disufidptosis-related genes were obtained from the correlation Studies.The prognostic characteristics were constructed by co-expression analysis, lasso regression and Cox regression analysis. Patients were divided into high and low risk groups. Subsequently, gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome Enrichment (KEGG), immune-related function and tumor mutational load (TMB) analyses were performed by the DTLNS. Finally, we used the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm to predict the immune escape and immunotherapy by the DTLNS, -and to determine the sensitivity to potential LIHC drugs.
Results
A totle of 424 DTLNS were obtained, and a prognostic signature was developed. We found that high-risk patients had worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and mortality. Independent prognostic analyses, ROC, C-index and nomogram showed that the DTLNS can accurately predict the prognosis of patients. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the biological functions of DTLNS patients. We found that immune-related functions were suppressed in LIHC patients with disufidptosis-related genes mutations.
Conclusion
To conclude,the 424 DTLNS can effectively predict the prognosis of LIHC patients and may provide new insights into clinical applications and immunotherapy.
Assessment of sweet potato germplasm for selection of day-neutral genotypes for wider adaptability
Authors: Anil Shirly Raichal , N Sheela M. , C Mohan , N Jyothi A. , Chandra Visalakshi , Shanawas S , Sreek J.
Published: September 2023

A total of 61 superior genotypes which included germplasm collections and prebreeding lines of sweet potato maintained in NAGS at ICAR-CTCRI and the popular released variety Sree Arun as control were evaluated in this study for six seasons for finding out the stable performer over the seasons. The best performers in each season were continued in the following seasons along with new genotypes for evaluation for six seasons. The observed variable was the yield (kg per plant). Data analysis was performed on yield character (kg per plant) by using SAS 9.1.3 (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA), and means were separated by the least significant difference (LSD) at (p ≤ 0.01). The dry matter, starch, sugar, fibre and ash were estimated in the selected accessions. The genetic merit of each genotype was evaluated by best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) for variance component estimation in R. The overall mean across locations and years for tuber yield showed that 526/7 (S-1609) as the best accession, followed by S-1401. A similar ranking of varieties was observed for tuber yield using BLUPs. Amongst the tested samples, two (526/7 and S-1401) were found to be superior as compared to the rest of samples in terms of sensory evaluation criteria especially consistency, texture and sweetness and overall taste.
Assessment of two brands of fentanyl test strips with 251 synthetic opioids reveals “blind spots” in detection capabilities
Authors: Hayes Kathleen L. , Lieberman Marya
Published: September 2023

Background
Fentanyl test strips (FTS) are a commonly deployed tool in drug checking, used to test for the presence of fentanyl in street drug samples prior to consumption. Previous reports indicate that in addition to fentanyl, FTS can also detect potent fentanyl analogs like acetyl fentanyl and butyryl fentanyl, with conflicting reports on their ability to detect prominent fentanyl analogs like carfentanil and furanyl fentanyl. Yet with hundreds of known fentanyl analogs, there has been no large-scale study rationalizing FTS reactivity to different fentanyl analogs.
Methods
In this study, 251 synthetic opioids- including 214 fentanyl analogs- were screened on two brands of fentanyl test strips to 1) assess the differences in the ability of two brands of fentanyl test strips to detect fentanyl-related compounds and 2) determine which moieties in fentanyl analog chemical structures are most crucial for FTS detection. Two FTS brands were assessed in this study: BTNX Rapid Response and WHPM DanceSafe.
Results
Of 251 screened compounds assessed, 121 compounds were detectable at or below 20,000 ng/mL by both BTNX and DanceSafe FTS, 50 were not detectable by either brand, and 80 were detectable by one brand but not the other (n = 52 BTNX, n = 28 DanceSafe). A structural analysis of fentanyl analogs screened revealed that in general bulky modifications to the phenethyl moiety inhibit detection by BTNX FTS while bulky modifications to the carbonyl moiety inhibit detection by DanceSafe FTS; we hypothesize that the different “blind spots” may be caused by different haptens used to elicit the antibodies for these different strips.
Conclusions
By utilizing both brands of FTS in routine drug checking, users could increase the chances of detecting fentanyl analogs in the “blind spot” of one brand.
Diffuse Myocardial Fibrosis is Uncommon in People with Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Williams Jason L. , MS Frances Hung , Jenista Elizabeth , Barker Piers , Chakraborty Hrishikesh , Kim Raymond , McCrary Andrew Walker , Shah Svati H. , Thielman Nathan , Bloomfield Gerald S.
Published: September 2023

Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death in people living with HIV. Myocardial fibrosis is well-described in HIV infection acquired in adulthood. We evaluate the burden of fibrosis by cardiac magnetic resonance in people with perinatal HIV infection.
Methods
Individuals with perinatally acquired HIV (pnHIV) diagnosed before 10 years-old and on antiretroviral treatment for ≥ 6 months were matched with uninfected controls. Patients with significant cardiometabolic co-morbidities and pregnancy were excluded. Diffuse fibrosis was assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). with native T1 mapping for calculation of extracellular volume fraction (ECV). Viability was assessed with late gadolinium enhancement. The normality of fibrosis was assessed using the Komogrov-Smirnov test. Fibrosis between the groups was analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test, as the data was not normally distributed. Statistical significance was defined as a p-valve < 0.05.
Results
Fourteen adults with pnHIV group and 26 controls (71% female and 86% Black race) were assessed. The average (± standard deviation) age in the study group was 29 (± 4.3) years-old. All pnHIV had been on ART for decades. Demographic data, CMR functional/volumetric data, and pre-contrast T1 mapping values were similar between groups. Diastolic function was normal in 50% of pnHIV patients and indeterminate in most of the remainder (42%). There was no statistically significant difference in ECV between groups; p = 0.24.
Conclusion
Perinatally-acquired HIV was not associated with diffuse myocardial fibrosis. Early exposure to ART may be cardioprotective against development of myocardial fibrosis in patients with perinatal HIV.
Effects of Thermal Cycling on Residual Stress in Parts via Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Fang Ze-Chen , Wu Zhi-Lin , Zhao Lei , Huang Chen-Guang , Wu Chen-Wu
Published: September 2023

Contradictions have arisen in interpreting the parameter dependences of the residual stress in the parts formed via selective laser melting (SLM), which is thought to be clarified in the present article. Parametrical experiments were designed and conducted firstly to concentrate on the dominant significance of the typical thermal cycling in SLM. An integral definition of volumetric energy density was proposed to consider the laser beam profile and spot size. It has been proved both by the XRD and EBSD experiments that the correlation between residual stress and energy density depends on the peculiar characteristic of thermal cycling.
An experimental and computational approach to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of Guggul gum by inhibition of a common diabetes target
Authors: Jain Shalini , Sharma Mukesh Kumar , Gupta Nidhi , Chatterjee Sreemoyee
Published: September 2023

Background
In recent years, plant formulations with antidiabetic and antioxidant properties have gained popularity due to their lower cost and lesser side effects. Guggul gum is one such formulation that is already being used in curing arthritis, lowering cholesterol, and in weight management. The present study explored the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of the aqua-ethanolic guggul gum extract (Commiphora wightii) using in vitro assays and in silico techniques. To predict the inhibition, GCMS-identified compounds were docked to the Human pancreatic α-amylase (PDB ID: 1HNY) in in silico studies. The inhibition of alpha-amylase enzyme (a common diabetes target) has been further evaluated at an in vitro level to show a hypoglycemic role of the compounds.
Results
The extract showed a good amount of phenolic (5.14 ± 0.011 mg) and flavonoid (0.66 ± 0.023 mg) content along with a promising free radical scavenging activity of 41.96 ± 4.02% at the highest concentration (9.6 mg/ml). For the in silico studies, the drug-likeliness of the GCMS-identified bioactive compounds of the extract was evaluated using SwissADME. Out of 6 compounds, 3 showed permissible values for LIPO, FLEX, INSATU, INSOLU, POLAR, and SIZE suggesting them as a potential candidate for antidiabetic drugs. In molecular docking studies, out of 6 GCMS-identified compounds, three showed binding energy (BE) more than the standard drug acarbose indicating better inhibition. This was further confirmed by in vitro analysis where the pancreatic α-amylase inhibitory activity of the extract and the standard drug (acarbose) at an IC50 value of 4.17 ± 1.26 mg/ml and 3.69 ± 0.89 mg/ml respectively, were comparable.
Conclusion
The results demonstrated Guggul gum as a potential alternative to commercial antidiabetic drugs. However, the isolation of the identified compounds could be done in the future for in vivo studies that can substantiate the extract’s significant role in diabetes management.
Two native andrenid bee pollinators face severe population declines in the semi-arid environments of Northwest India
Authors: Sihag Ram Chander
Published: September 2023

Pollinator declines at the global level are the major concern of ecologists. Two ground nesting native andrenid bee species are important part of the pollination services of Northwest India. These include, Andrena savignyi Spinola an important wild pollinator of some major oilseed crops of the family Brassicaseae, and Andrena leaena Cameron an important wild pollinator of some spices crops of the family Umbelliferae, and vegetable crops of the families Brassicaceae, Apiaceae and Leguminoseae. Their importance in the agroecosystems of Northwest India notwithstanding, the actual status of their populations in such habitats is not known. The purpose of this study is to explore the latter aspect of these bees in Northwest India. A survey was conducted on the abundances of two andrenid species foraging on their respective host plants from 1990 to 2015 at an interval of 5 years. I counted the number of foraging bees of the two species on two crops viz. Andrena savignyi on a winter-flowering crop, raya (Brassica juncea) and Andrena leaena on a summer-flowering crop, carrot (Daucus carota). In 25 years, the foraging populations of Andrena savignyi declined from 4.16±0.168 bees/m2 in 1990 to 1.2±0.09 bees/m2 in 2015 and of Andrena leaena from 5.24±0.156 bees/m2 in 1990 to 1.4±0.11 bees/m2 in 2015. This decline in the numbers of foraging bees seemed to be caused by the habitat loss and poisoning of these bees due to the excessive and indiscriminate use of weedicides in the wheat and rice crops grown in this region. Viewing the importance of these bees in the pollination of crops, it is suggested that, habitat of these bees be conserved and, if at all necessary, weedicides safe to the soil nesting bees be used
Pemanfaatan Kombinasi Sistem Slow Sand Filter dan Constructed Wetland dengan Menggunakan Melati Air (Echinodorus palaefolius) dalam Pengolahan Limbah Cair di Bank Sampah Toli- Toli Mandiri
Authors: Runtulalo Junior , Sutanto Haryati Bawole , Prihatmo Guruh
Published: September 2023

Keberadaan Bank Sampah Toli-Toli Mandiri (BSTM) telah menjadi fasilitas pengolahan sampah bagi masyarakat Toli-Toli dan sekitarnya. Proses pengolahan sampah di tempat ini meliputi pengumpulan, pemilahan dan konversi sampah.  Lokasi BSTM berdekatan dengan sungai Kalangkangan yang menerima luaran langsung berwujud limbah cair dari BSTM. Pengolahan limbah cair berupa lindi potensial dilakukan menggunakan sistem filtrasi dan sistem constructed wetland yang dapat membantu menurunkan kontaminan berupa padatan tersuspensi dan patogen, serta menurunkan ragam kadar parameter kimia limbah cair. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari tingkat efektivitas dari kombinasi sistem slow sand filter dan constructed wetland sub-surface flow (CW-SSF) yang menggunakan tanaman melati air (Echinodorus palaefolius)dalam pengolahan limbah cair di Bank Sampah Toli-Toli Mandiri. Pengolahan limbah cair dimulai dengan pembuatan reaktor dengan desain  yang terdiri dari sistem slow sand filter menggunakan pasir halus dan sistem constructed wetlands menggunakan Echinodorus palaefolius, tanah sawah, serta batu kerikil yang berukuran, 1 – 3 mm, 5 – 10 mm, 15 – 30 mm. Efisiensi penurunan parameter limbah cair BSTM setelah pengolahan dengan kombinasi sistem slow sand filter dan constructed wetland meliputi nilai COD 7,74%, TDS 62,56%, TSS 98,28%, dan fosfat 23,30%. Penggunaan sistem filtrasi slow sand filter dan constructed wetland dapat menghasilkan penurunan polutan limbah cair.
O direito à educação sob a ótica das políticas públicas: a arte de ensinar refletida na educação integral do PROEITI – SEEDF/Brasil
Authors: Da Silva Simone da Conceição Rodrigues , Dantas Otília Maria Alves da Nóbrega Alberto
Published: September 2023

O artigo apresenta uma síntese de estudo de dissertação (SILVA, 2019) que visa a analisar o direito à educação expresso pelo Programa de Educação de Tempo Integral – Proeiti – das escolas públicas da SEEDF/Brasil. Metodologicamente, analisa-se os dados coletados mediante o questionário aplicado a 60 pais de estudantes de duas escolas públicas investigadas, que adotaram o Proeiti como política de educação. Igualmente, foi realizado um grupo focal com 19 professores. Os dados gerados destes instrumentos foram analisados à luz da técnica Análise do Discurso Crítica. Conclui-se que o Proeiti vem avançando na formação integral, de modo a se fixar em bases sólidas para a promoção da cidadania e da libertação para a realidade dos estudantes contemplados por este Programa, oriundo das políticas educacionais concebidas pelo Estado, na medida em que viabiliza a construção da formação do sujeito, mediante uma formação democrática, em prol de uma  educação humanizadora e promotora de libertação.
A SAR Study on a Class of 6-(Trifluoromethyl)-pyridine Derivatives as RORγt Inverse Agonists
Authors: Ma Yi-Yuan , Cao Yu-Hao , Yang Li-Jin , Wu Shi-Han , Tong Zhen-Jiang , Wu Jia-Zhen , Wang Yi-Bo , Sha Jiu-Kai , Zhang Chen-Qian , Zheng Xin-Rui , Cai Jiao , Chen Zi-Jun , Wang Qing-Xin , Wang Jing-Jing , Zhao Jing-Han , Chang Liang , Ding Ning , Leng Xue-Jiao , Xu Jin-Guo , Dai Wei-Chen , Sun Shan-Liang , Yu Yan-Cheng , Wang Xiao-Long , Li Nian-Guang , Xue Xin
Published: September 2023

Background:

The nuclear retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) is an important
transcription factor in immune cells. Functionally, RORγt plays an important role in promoting the
differentiation of T helper 17 cells and regulating the expression of proinflammatory factors, such as
interleukin 17. Therefore, RORγt is considered a promising target for the treatment of the autoimmune
disorder. Currently, 21 RORγt inverse agonists with various scaffolds have entered clinical trials.

Objective:

To discover novel and potent RORγt inverse agonists, a series of novel 6-(trifluoromethyl)
pyridine derivatives were designed and synthesized.

Methods:

We designed and synthesized a series of potent RORγt inverse agonists W1~W16 based on
VTP-43742. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and MM/GBSA were used to
study the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the derivatives.

Results:

The biological activity evaluation indicated that the target compounds showed potent RORγt
inhibitory activity. The most active compound, W14, exhibited low nanomolar inhibitory activity (IC50
= 7.5 nM) in the luciferase reporter assay, which was superior to the clinical compound VTP-43742.
Analysis of the binding mode of W14 demonstrated that the interaction of -CF3 with Leu324, Leu396,
and His479 has an important contribution to the binding. Furthermore, W14 broke the H-bond formed
by His479 and Tyr502 via a “push-pull” mechanism.

Conclusion:

Compound W14 could be used as a potential RORγt inverse agonist for further modification.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Game Changer in Cancer Biology
Authors: Kamalanathan Ashok , Muthu Babu , Kuniyil Kaleena Patheri
Published: September 2023

Healthcare is one of many industries where the most modern technologies,
such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, have shown a wide range of
applications. Cancer, one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases in modern
times, accounts for a sizable portion of worldwide mortality. Investigations are
continuously being conducted to find ways to reduce cancer mortality and morbidity.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is currently being used in cancer research, with promising
results. Two main features play a vital role in improving cancer prognosis: early
detection and proper diagnosis using imaging and molecular techniques. AI's use as a
tool in these sectors has demonstrated its capacity to precisely detect and diagnose,
which is one of AI's many applications in cancer research. The purpose of this chapter
is to review the literature and find AI applications in a range of cancers that are
commonly seen.
Comparative Prediction of Electrical Interplay Systems in Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus ΔH and Metal-loving Bacteria
Authors: Prathiviraj R. , Berchmans Sheela , Chellapandi P.
Published: September 2023

Bioelectrochemical technology has been developed to elucidate the
mechanisms of electrical interplay systems for electromethanogenesis in microbial
electrolysis cells (MEC). In the present study, we evaluated the electrical interplay
systems for electromethanogenesis in Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus ΔH
(MTH). The modular structure of its protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was
compared with the electrical interplay systems of metal-loving eubacteria (Geobacter
metallireducens and G. sulfurreducens). The structure-function-metabolism link of
each protein pair was evaluated to mine experimental PPI information from the
literature. The results of our study indicate that the topological properties of the PPI
networks are robust and consistent for sharing homologous protein interactions across
metal-loving eubacteria. A large fraction of genes and associated PPI networks were
established in the MTH for direct interspecies electron transfer systems, which were
divergent from metal-loving eubacteria. MTH is predicted to generate CH4
by reducing
CO2
with hydrogen in the geothermal environment through growth-associated
electromethanogenesis. Thus, the present computational study will facilitate an
understanding of the proteomic contexts and mechanisms of interspecies electron
transfer between thermophilic autotrophic methanogenic archaea and metal-loving
Eubacteria for electromethanogenesis.
Comparison of Sputum Evaluation Conversion of Pulmonary TB patients with DM and non-DM in High Burden Setting
Authors: Rahman Anita , Subianto Tantri , Mulyawan Kadek , Zulkarnaen Decky Aditya
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health problem and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. By 2022, an estimated 10 million people will suffer from TB worldwide. Based on data from the Global Tuberculosis Report in 2022, Indonesia ranks second as a high-burden country in the world after India. An estimated 1.5 million people die from tuberculosis, becoming the 13th leading cause of death worldwide and the second most deadly infectious disease after COVID-19.

Currently, many new cases of TB are influenced by several risk factors, one of which is Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Pulmonary TB is a potential opportunistic infection for people with Diabetes Mellitus. TB patients with DM are at risk of sputum conversion failure after TB treatment, 1.69 times higher risk of treatment failure, 1.24 times higher risk of anti-TB drug resistance, 3.89 times higher risk of relapse, and 4.95 times higher risk of death during treatment compared to TB patients.

Aim of Study

To evaluate the sputum smear conversion results at the end of the second month of treatment of patients with Tuberculosis with Diabetes Mellitus (TB-DM) and Tuberculosis Non-Diabetes Mellitus (TB-NDM).

Methods

This research was analytical with a retrospective cohort design by taking secondary data from the Tuberculosis Information System (SITB). The data were recorded in SITB and registered as TB patients undergoing Anti-Tuberculosis Drug treatment and screening for Diabetes Mellitus in all districts in West Nusa Tenggara Province in 2022.

Results

            Among 200 patients with TB in this study, male patients dominated 62% of TB patients. TB patients are mostly found in the age group 46-55 years with 28,5%. Generally, TB patients come from Mataram, with an 18% percentage. Most TB patients were diagnosed using GeneXpert (80,5%). The sputum conversion rate at the end intensive phase in TB-DM patients reached 95%, while in TB-NDM patients, only 85%. The comparative test showed a significant difference between the AFB Sputum Evaluation conversion results between TB patients and those without DM (p-value:  0.018, p<0.05).

Conclusion

There is  a significant difference between the AFB Sputum Evaluation conversion results between TB patients and those without DM.

 

Keywords : Diabetes, diabetes mellitus, sputum conversion, tuberculosis, TB, DM
Dialects and Languages in the Poetic Oeuvre of Laurentius Rhodoman (1545–1606)
Authors: Weise Stefan
Published: September 2023

This paper analyzes the choice of languages and dialects in the poetic oeuvre of the German Protestant humanist Laurentius Rhodoman. The first section discusses an instance of Latin-Greek code-switching in the poem Iter Lipsicum, arguing that it is influenced by the common educational background of both author and addressee. The second section considers two of Rhodoman's poems written in the Greek Doric dialect and tries to explain the dialect choice by analyzing their context and intended audience. The third section examines some of his bilingual poems (both Latin-German and Greek-Latin prose), and the final section is dedicated to the handling of Greek and Latin verse in Rhodoman's bilingual poem Troica. The analysis proves that Rhodoman made a highly deliberate choice of languages and dialects. 
Nomination and Its Legal Status Concerning Moveable Estates for Muslims and Non-Muslims in Malaysia
Authors: Abdullah Sanek Siti Khadijah , Kamarudin Irma , Che Rose Sarirah , Hussin Rohayati
Published: September 2023

This paper delves into the nomination overview and its status concerning movable estate only for Muslims and non-Muslims in Malaysia from both Islamic and Civil Law perspectives. Discussions focused on issues revolving around movable property such as the Pilgrimage Fund, Employee Provident Fund (EPF), unit trust and share, takaful and insurance, and pension. The pertinent legal provisions were also analyzed to ascertain legal application in its administration. It concludes that Muslims are subject to Faraid besides civil law while civil law applies to non-Muslims. Thus, the findings indicate that for Muslims, legal frameworks and guidelines are indeed necessary for uniformity.
Implementation of the Blue Ocean Strategy in Waqf Development in Malaysia
Authors: Abdullah Sakinatul Raadiyah , Mat Hassan Surita Hartini , Mohamad Akhir Noor Syahidah , Yahaya Salimah
Published: September 2023

Waqf is an important instrument for socio-economic development. Blue Ocean Strategy is a global approach that combines creativity and innovation. This initiative also exists in the implementation of waqf development. The objective is to identify experts' views on the strategy's potential implementation in Malaysia's waqf development. Data collection was obtained through interviews with experts involved in managing waqf. They analyzed using the content analysis method. The study found waqf and the Blue Ocean Strategy can be combined to maximize benefits to society and the country. The integration of both strategies helps in the development of waqf assets and provides benefits.
Government policies and manufacturing production during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cuevas Ahumada Víctor Manuel , Calderón Villarreal Cuauhtémoc
Published: September 2023

This paper evaluates the impact of government support and containment measures on the manufacturing production cycle (MPC) of 39 countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. To the best of our knowledge, the effects of these variables on the MPC have not been studied. To obtain reliable evidence, we resort to two complementary econometric techniques: the Arellano-Bond Generalized Method of Moments (GMMs) and the Arellano-Bover GMMs. The evidence is consistent across econometric methods in showing that: 1) Closure and containment measures have been recessionary, 2) Income support measures and interest rate cuts have been effective in raising manufacturing production, and 3) Real exchange rate depreciations do not stimulate (and could even discourage) manufacturing production, presumably because they make imported intermediate inputs more expensive. Therefore, raising consumption through higher income and investment through lower interest rates can alleviate the recessionary effects of closure and containment policies, whereas depreciating the currency may not be effective to boost manufacturing production amid falling world trade and disrupted global supply chains, which could interact with a weaker currency to make imported intermediate inputs even more costly.
Characterization of Fusarium species causing dry rot of potato mini tubers produced by biotechnological approaches
Authors: Leiva-Mora Michel , Herrera-Capote Mayrebi , Acosta-Suárez Mayra , Silva Agurto Catherine Lizzeth , Solis Natalys , Veloz Naranjo Walter Oswaldo , Núñez Rodrigo , Osejos Merino Miguel Angel
Published: September 2023

Soil-borne diseases affect potatoes and cause severe damage to tubers. Several Fusarium species have been associated as causal agents of potato dry rot. This research focused on characterizing fungal species causing dry rot in potato mini tubers produced using biotechnological approaches. Minitubers with typical symptoms of tuber dry rot were selected from freeze store chambers at Instituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas and processed in the applied microbiology laboratory. Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA, Fluka) with components reduced by 50% was used for fungal isolation, and Spezieller Nährstoffarmer Agar (SNA) was used for morphological characterization. Ten isolates were obtained from potato mini tubers. Mycelia growth was speedy in the culture media used, and CCIBP-Fp-1 had the greatest growth velocity. Cottony colonies were observed in isolates CCIBP-Fp-1, CCIBP-Fp-6, CCIBP-Fp-7 and CCIBP-Fp-9; felty texture was common in isolates CCIBP-Fp-2, CCIBP-Fp-3, CCIBP-Fp-4 and CCIBP-Fp-8, while subfelty texture was seen in isolates CCIBP-Fp-5 and CCIBP-Fp-10. CCIBP-Fp-2 and CCIBP-Fp-4 isolates showed characteristics similar to Fusarium solani, while CCIBP-Fp-3, CCIBP-Fp-5, CCIBP-Fp-6, CCIBP-Fp-7, CCIBP-Fp-8, CCIBP-Fp-9 and CCIBP-Fp-10 corresponded with Fusarium oxysporum. With the results of this work, potato tuber seeds may be protected with better conservation procedures and improve the health of Cuban Potato seeds produced by biotechnological approaches.
Keywords: biotechnology; fungi; post-harvest; Solanum tuberosum
Diagnostic utility of high-sensitive troponin T in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Valdés Dupeyrón Osvaldo , Quintero Arcentales Maribel , Espinales-Casanova Lidia , Chilán Santana Caleb I. , Howland Alvarez Ivon , Villar Inclan Alejandro , González Robles Javier , Lois Mendoza Natacha , Suarez Fernández Juan Carlos , Chancay Mendoza Andrea Patricia , Calle Poveda Jhon Henry , Manrique Choez Grover Michael , Paz y Miño Intriago Walther Zhukov , Rubio Cala José Miguel , Garcia Lois Lorena , Quintana Souza Rider , Barrueto Blanco Yarisley
Published: September 2023

Cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of death in the world. Early detection of coronary pathologies contributes to the prevention of acute coronary events. High-sensitive troponin T is a valuable biomarker for diagnosing and assessing these patients. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed from January 2018 to December 2020 at Hospicor-Manta. We included 571 patients who attended the Intensive Care Unit and had at least one high-sensitive troponin T determination with symptoms in the first 6 hours. Analyzing from the upper reference limit (99th percentile, allows understanding and interpreting data from the values below which a certain percentage is found for cardiac troponins. Elderly male patients tended to suffer acute coronary syndrome (p<0.05). The most frequent comorbidities were: arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes (p< 0.05). There was evidence of the correlation between high-sensitive troponin T values and electrocardiographic signs of acute coronary syndrome (p<0.05). There was a moderate correlation between high-sensitive troponin T analysis and acute coronary syndrome (p< 0.05).
Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, acute coronary syndrome, high-sensitive troponin T.