bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Genotoxic Activity of g-Irradiation
of Human Lung Carcinoma A549 cells in the
Presence of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Rzyanina А. V. , Mytsin G. V. , Voskanyan K. Sh. , Gaevskiy V. N.
Published: February 2022

One of the main problems of radiotherapy is the lack of selectivity in the absorption of radiation energy

by tumor cells due to the similar energy-absorbing properties of tumor and healthy tissues. An increase

in the absorbed dose is achieved by introducing or delivering substances to tumor cells with a significantly larger radiation absorption cross-section than in normal cells. The resulting secondary shortrange radiation localizes the energy release near these elements and affects only nearby biological

structures. The genotoxic effect of gold nanoparticles on tumor cells of human lung carcinoma A549

under g-gamma radiation was studied. Gold nanoparticles in combination with g-radiation enhance

the genotoxic effect on tumor cells A549. g-irradiation in the presence of gold nanoparticles increases

the frequency of micronucleus and decreases the proliferative index in A549 cells.
Kemik İliği Biyopsilerinin Yeterlilik ve Kalitesinin Tanı Sürecine Etkileri
Authors: KACAR Füruzan , ÇIRAK BALTA Merve , YAVAŞ İrfan
Published: February 2022

Amaç: Kemik iliği kor biyopsileri, kemik iliğinin hücresel özelliklerini, solid organ tümörü
metastazlarını veya hematolojik malign tutulumlarını belirlemek için yapılan önemli incelemelerdir. Kor biyopsinin uzunluğu ve kalitesi doğru tanı konulmasını ve klinik süreci
etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada kemik iliği kor biyopsi uzunluğunun tanı sürecine olan
etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda bölümümüze son bir yıl içerisinde gelmiş olan kemik iliği
biyopsi materyallerinin uzunlukları ve içerdikleri intertrabeküler alanlar mikroskop altında
incelenmiş ve uzunlukları milimetre cinsinden ölçülmüştür. Kor biyopsiler; uzunlukları 15
milimetreye eşit ve/veya üzerinde ise yeterli grup, 15 milimetrenin altında ise yetersiz grup
şeklinde iki gruba ayrılmıştır.

Bulgular: Kor biyopsi uzunluğu 185 olguda (%48,9) yeterliydi. 194 olguda (%51,1) ise
kemik iliği kor biyopsi uzunluğu 15 mm altında ölçüldü. Olguların 192 (%50,5) tanesine
spesifik tanı (Miyeloproliferatif Neoplazi, Lenfoma tutulumu, Lösemi tanısı ve benzeri)
konuldu. 188 olgunun (%49,5) ise selülaritesi değerlendirip görülen bulgular özetlendi.
Spesifik tanı konabilen 192 olgunun 116 tanesinde (%62,4) biyopsi uzunluğu yeterli iken,
spesifik tanı konulamayan 188 olgunun 118'inde (%62,8) biyopsi uzunluğu yetersizdi. Kor
biyopsi uzunluğu ile spesifik tanı konulması arasında doğrudan kuvvetli bir ilişki vardı
(p≤0,01).

Sonuç: Kemik iliği kor biyopsi materyalleri güvenilir tanı için optimal büyüklükte alınmalı
ve aspirasyon yaymaları ile birlikte değerlendirilmelidir. Ayrıca klinikopatolojik iş birliği tanı
güvenirliğini artırmaktadır.
Detection methods of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) and its mutant (mutant-AHPND) in shrimp
Authors:   Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Mai Dung H. T. ,   Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Huynh Binh T. , Nguyen Hoan P. K. , Tran Hieu V.
Published: February 2022

Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) is a globally serious threat, especially for Vietnam shrimp culture since its first discovery in China in 2009. This disease is caused by toxin-carrying bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus whose plasmid encodes for a binary toxin ToxA and ToxB. The disease has a mortality rate of up to 100% after 3 - 5 days post-infection and fast spread among shrimp culturing regions. In 2017, a bacterial strain V. parahaemolyticus XN87 containing plasmid with mutant toxA and normal toxB genes was found. In this mutant form, shrimp did not show hepatopancreatic necrosis symptoms, but the early mortality rate in shrimp was still up to 50%. This mutation was called mutantAHPND. Depending on different purposes and subjects, the corresponding detection method will be selected. Understanding the specific nature and application of each method is essential for the prevention and treatment of AHPND disease in shrimp to minimize economic losses for shrimp farmers. In this review, we summarized AHPND-detected methods based on detecting genes (toxA and toxB) or protein (ToxA and/or ToxB toxins) as well as a method for early detection of the mutant-AHPND. Eventually, potential detection methods are also addressed and discussed.
Miracle Reports and the Argument from Analogy
Authors: Keener Craig S.
Published: February 2022

Traditionally, scholars used the argument from historical analogy to deny the historical reliability of extraordinary miracle claims in the Gospels, claims such as visible healings, instant cures of blindness or inability to walk, resuscitations from death, and nature miracles. In view of a wide body of global reports available today, the analogy argument instead supports the historical plausibility of eyewitness reports of these experiences.
The Joy of Doubt
Authors: Hwang David Henry
Published: February 2022

This is the transcription of a speech given by playwright David Henry Hwang on the campus of Oklahoma Christian University on 6 October 2012 at the annual McBride Lecture for Faith and Literature. The McBride Center was established in 2004 to honor legacy faculty members Dr. Bailey and Joyce McBride. The mission of the Center is to build bridges between the academy and the community through public symposia and programs in literary studies, history, drama, comparative religion, and humanities training for teachers. These programs invite participants to analyze, discuss, and explore the human condition in the context of contemporary and ancient faith communities.
Making Theatre during COVID-19
Authors: Vandenbroucke Russell
Published: February 2022

Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic prevents audiences and actors from interacting in what used to be the normal way of making and sharing productions. Actors, directors, and designers faced numerous challenges throughout rehearsals while creating “something-that-isn't-exactly-theatre” to livestream Athol Fugard's Statements after an Arrest under the Immorality Act. Focused on an interracial affair obliterated by South Africa's apartheid laws, Fugard's drama eerily evokes dynamics in today's America: structural racism; government regulation of private behavior; the chasms of understanding—even those we love—across lines of race; all of which occurred against the backdrop of Breonna Taylor's killing in Louisville, the city where the actors and directors had first met and worked together. While most of these dynamics were familiar to us, the novel challenges of virtual work were not. However, by the end of rehearsals, tech, and two virtual performances we had learned to appreciate intrinsic attributes of this new form.
Radio Aesthetics in Pinter's Early Drama
Authors: Verhulst Pim
Published: February 2022

This article studies Pinter's use of media to show that his early drama shifts from a transmedial strategy (different from adaptation), which allows plays to migrate freely between theatre, radio, and television, to an intermedial poetics that exploits the affordances of various media while resisting transposition. Starting out with a terminological excursion and a discussion of Pinter's earliest works that feature a “radio aesthetics,” the article explores The Hothouse as a play that thematizes radio and audio technologies. A Night Out and Night School are then analyzed as examples of Pinter's approach to acoustic and visual media, concluding with Landscape and Family Voices as marking the transition to his later work. The aim of this article is to stress the value of archival and intermedial methodologies for a fuller understanding of Pinter's dramatic practice, and to emphasize the largely overlooked importance of radio within it.
Why Countries have both Subsidized and Free Condoms to Prevent HIV/AIDS: The Role of Stigma Mitigation
Authors: Brent Robert J.
Published: February 2022

This article explains why it is necessary to have both a free condoms program and a price subsidized Condom Social Marketing (CSM) program to encourage the use of condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS. One program is to aid the poor and the second is to avoid moral hazard and the stigma of being sexually active. The theory is applied to Tanzania to explain who goes to free clinics and who goes to the CSM program. A Probit analysis was applied using data from a Population Services International survey of condom use. Ability to pay measures and stigma aversion proxies were found to be statistically significant.
Client Power and Access to Quality Health Care: An Assessment of Ghana's Health Insurance Scheme
Authors: Osei-Akoto Isaac , Fenny Ama Pokuaa , Adamba Clement , Tsikata Dela
Published: February 2022

Ghana's health service delivery is characterized by inadequate institutions and lack of accountability. One of the reasons for the introduction of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Ghana was to facilitate citizen participation and ownership of the health service delivery system. Yet, this aspect of the scheme has often been overlooked. We examine how the NHIS and its related institutions perform the role of public oversight over frontline providers to ensure quality services. The main findings are: (i) there is improvement in the purchasing power of clients (policyholders use insurance card as a purchasing voucher to seek health care);(ii) competition among frontline providers generated by the National Health Insurance Authority's accreditation procedures ensures institutionalization of quality services for clients; and (iii) related institutions under the scheme, educate and mobilize the people and build up communal power which ensures that communities act jointly to demand quality services. We conclude that creating institutional space for direct participation of users and citizens in general is a robust means of concurrently empowering citizens and providing an avenue by which providers may be sanctioned, thus making them more responsive to users.
Aid and Economic Growth: A Robust Approach
Authors: Gyimah-Brempong Kwabena , Racine Jeffrey S.
Published: February 2022

This paper uses panel data and the Local Linear Kernel Estimator (LLKE) to investigate the effects of aid on economic growth in developing countries. Specifically, we investigate the robustness of a popular parametric specification of the aid/economic growth relationship in Less Developed countries (LDCs). First, we find that aid has a significant impact on economic growth given the support of the sample data we use. However, the effect depends on how aid is measured. We find a positive growth effect when aid is measured as aidgni but no significant growth effect when aid is measured as aidpercap. Second, we find some evidence of increasing returns to aidgni. Finally, we find that a “good” policy environment increases the effectiveness of aid in LDCs, all things equal. The impact of the policy environment on growth varies according to how the policy environment is measured. Our results generally support the popular quadratic parametric specification of the aid/growth relationship. Our results have implications for aid policy and for research on the effectiveness of aid.
European Union's Standards and Food Exports from Africa: Implications of the Comprehensive Africa Agricultural Development Programme for Coffee and Fish
Authors: Kareem Olayinka Idowu
Published: February 2022

The preponderance and stringency of product standards have implications for global trade, especially for developing countries. Despite the importance of this issue to Africa, only a few empirical studies exist in the area. It is on this basis that this study draws its objective, which is to investigate the impact of EU standards on Africa's exports in relation to the Comprehensive Africa Agricultural Development Programme. A two-step Heckman model is adopted using mostly unexploited standards data from Perinorm International. A high-value commodity (fish) and traditional cash crop (coffee) are selected. The findings show that at the extensive margin of export, standards are trade-inhibiting for fish and coffee. At the intensive margin, the standards are trade-inhibiting in coffee exports while trade-enhancing in fish exports.
Financial Inclusion and Welfare in South Africa: Is there a Gender Gap?
Authors: Nanziri Elizabeth Lwanga
Published: February 2022

Arguments on whether there is a gender gap in access to finance remain inconclusive. The welfare benefits of access to finance have also not been confirmed. This paper investigates whether there is a statistically significant difference between the welfare of financially included men and women, and of financially included women and their excluded counterparts. Using a pooled dataset on financial access in South Africa, we find that women mainly use formal transactional products and informal financial mechanisms, while men mainly use formal credit, insurance, and savings products. Despite this pattern in the use of financial products, a quantile regression analysis shows that there is no statistically significant difference between the welfare of financially included men and women. There is a significant difference, however, between the welfare of financially included women and their excluded female counterparts. Women using non-formal credit and insurance products exhibit higher welfare in the lower end of the welfare distribution. An Oaxaca-Blinder type decomposition shows that welfare differences are mainly accounted for by race, education, income, and, marginally, marital status. Estimates of the average treatment effect suggest a causal relationship between financial inclusion and higher welfare. The mechanism is through the accumulation of durable items following use of formal financial services.
The Impact of Financial Liberalization Policies: The Case of Botswana
Authors: Ahmed Abdullahi Dahir
Published: February 2022

Financial liberalization enables market forces to play a greater role in mobilizing resources, allocating credit, setting financial asset prices and improving financial intermediation. Many studies have claimed that these changes enhance savings, and improve efficiency of investment, which ultimately ameliorate economic growth. This paper attempts to analyse the Botswana experience, where despite having an open economy for many decades, financial liberalization was a major policy in the recent structural change. Our analysis show that, in line with the objectives of financial liberalization program in Botswana, both the level of savings and efficiency of investment, have shown some sign of improvement.
An Analysis of the Impacts of Freedoms on Economic Growth
Authors: Kagochi John , Tackie Nii O. , Thompson Henry
Published: February 2022

This paper examines the relationship between democracy and economic growth in Nigeria. We find no sizeable variations in economic growth as a result of changes in economic freedom. Political freedom, however, enhances economic growth. The results also suggest that while increases in capital investments have had positive effects on Nigeria's economic growth, increases in crude oil prices have not had similar effects. The study concludes that political freedom explains economic growth in Nigeria, but economic freedom does not.
Relative Disease Susceptibility of Cultivated Varieties of Potato to Different Isolates of Phytophthora Infestans
Authors: Andersen Kelsey , Ospina-Giraldo Manuel D.
Published: February 2022

Late blight, caused by the Oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, continues to be the most devastating and economically important disease affecting potato crops worldwide. Recent geographical migrations of the pathogen have displaced the ‘old’ US-1 clonal lineage with ‘new’, genotypically distinct, lineages. These new genotypes have shown increased pathogenic fitness and diverse environmental requirements. Interactions between two different isolates of the US-8 race and three potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars were analyzed through in planta infection, under controlled laboratory conditions. Disease development over time was rated for each experimental unit by determining incubation period, foliar lesion area and relative number of leaves displaying necrosis. Difference in incubation period between isolates was nearly significant in Russet Burbank, with disease symptoms presenting much later for replicates infected with PSUPotb. No significant difference was seen in incubation period between isolates in cv. Kennebec or cv. Red Norland, with the shortest incubation period occurring for isolate NC092ba in Kennebec. Incubation period did not differ for isolate NC092ba across cultivars. Isolate PSUPotb had a longer incubation period in Russet Burbank than in the other two cultivars. Data suggest, therefore, that differential pathogenicity between the US-8 isolates exists in at least one cultivar. Cultivar susceptibility was also variable. As suggested in previous studies, it was found that cv. Kennebec was least susceptible to either isolate. Confirmation of pathogen presence in infected leaf tissue was successfully obtained using previously developed P. infestans specific primers in a standard Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay.
Assessment of the Effect of Temperature on the Late Blight Disease Cycle Using a Detached Leaf Assay
Authors: Andersen Kelsey , Ospina-Giraldo Manuel D.
Published: February 2022

Phytophthora infestans is a fungal-like organism belonging to the Phylum Oomycota, which is currently classified within the Kingdom Stramenopila. This oomycete is the causal agent of potato late blight, and as such, it is believed to be a major contributor to the Potato Famine, which ravaged Ireland in the 1840's. Current annual losses worldwide due to P. infestans gross over $6.8 billion. Interactions between two different isolates of the US-8 race and three potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars, and in particular, the effect of temperature on the disease cycle, were analyzed using a Detached Leaf Assay (DLA), under controlled laboratory conditions. Incubation period was variable between conditions and, in general, incubation period was longest for each isolate at low temperatures. For isolate NC092ba, mean incubation period was longest at 12°C and did not vary significantly between cultivars. At 18°C, incubation period also did not vary between cultivars but it was shorter than at 12°C. For leaves infected at 24°C with isolate NC092ba, there was a significant difference in incubation period between cultivars, with Russet Burbank being longest. For leaves infected with isolate PSUPotb, incubation period was again longest at 12°C and there was no significant difference between cultivars. At 18°C and 24°C, incubation period was longer for Russet Burbank than for Kennebec or Red Norland. Furthermore, disease progress over time was more severe at higher temperatures for each isolate, across cultivars. Confirmation of pathogen presence in infected leaf tissue was successfully obtained using previously developed P. infestans specific primers in a standard Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay.
A Student-Based Investigation to Assess the Impacts of Chemical Deicers on the Water Quality of Spring Run Stream in Altoona, Pennsylvania
Authors: Emili Lisa A. , Morrison Daniel M. , Huss Celeste M. , Mahan Carolyn G. , Levri Edward P.
Published: February 2022

Students in an undergraduate independent study course at Penn State Altoona investigated the use and potential effects of chemical deicers on the water quality of the stream that runs through the campus. Spring Run supports a wild trout population and is a tributary of the Little Juniata River and a headwater stream for the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Students collected pre- and post- chemical deicer application water samples from Spring Run stream over four sampling dates. Water samples were analyzed for potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), dissolved oxygen, pH, chloride (Cl−) and ammonia as nitrogen (NH3−). None of the parameters sampled exceeded the standard guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. However, this study found cause for future research, particularly as it relates to the concentration of chloride in stream water. Chloride exhibited significant increases in concentration between pre- and post-deicer application. With the exception of one sampling date, chloride concentrations (19.2–63.7 mg/L) fell within the range of concentrations found in streams in the northeast United States that have been contaminated by rock salt inputs. The learning outcomes and skill development objectives of this field-intensive experience were driven by the assumption that this type of field-based educational experience enhances student learning by contextualizing complex geographical processes better than a solely classroom-based experience. Through the research process students were exposed to working with field techniques, GPS, GIS, datasets and statistics.
Effects of Roads on Movement of Displaced White-Footed Deermice (Peromyscus leucopus)
Authors: Mech Stephen G. , Chesh Adrian
Published: February 2022

Although roads are a major part of modern landscapes, the impacts of roads on small mammal behavior and population dynamics are still poorly understood. In a study over the summers of 2003 and 2004 in Nolde Forest near Reading, PA, we examined the impacts of roads on the behavior of white-footed deermice (Peromyscus leucopus). Mice were trapped near the center of the park using Sherman traps. Half of the mice were released near roads that they would have to cross in order to return home, and half were released in the park interior. Using a combination of powder tracking and radio tracking, we were able to investigate the impacts of roads on the movement of displaced individuals. Although our mice avoided roads immediately after release, longer tracking through radio-telemetry showed that they did cross roads. Our findings suggest that small roads (i.e., two-lane paved roads) do not impede movement of white-footed deermice.
Lithic Corporeality: Elemental Philosophy in Nathaniel Hawthorne's Short Stories
Authors: Blazan Sladja
Published: February 2022

While a focus on landscape and nature is typical of the Romantic period, the detailed attention that Hawthorne devotes to the corporal or material aspects of specific elements without engaging the perspective of his characters is rather unusual. Hawthorne's treatment of stones can be seen as corresponding to a certain degree with alchemical teachings of mystical natural philosophers. As such, it departs from the more common Romantic treatments of nature that imagine the human entanglement with their environment as a poetic mental capacity. Rather than a mental correspondence between characters and Nature, Hawthorne's tales repeatedly indicate a material transcorporeal relation, a point demonstrated by the careful situating of rocks in Hawthorne's short stories “Roger Malvin's Burial” (1831), “The Great Carbuncle” (1835), and “The Great Stone Face” (1850).
Avaliação dos efeitos da pandemia de COVID-19 no rastreio de câncer de colo de útero no estado do Amazonas
Authors: Innocente Maria Laura Brunelli , Brito Patrícia Leite , Moraes Bruna de Moura
Published: February 2022

Introdução: O câncer de colo do útero é muito prevalente nas mulheres do Amazonas, tornando fundamental seu rastreio precoce. No entanto, em 2020, por conta da pandemia de COVID-19, o número de colpocitologias oncóticas no estado declinou substancialmente, alertando sobre a possibilidade de aumento da incidência de novos casos na região. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 no rastreio de câncer de colo de útero no Amazonas por meio do comparativo entre os números de exames coletados nos anos de 2018 a 2020 e a estimativa de incidência para novos casos dos anos 2018–2022. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, observacional, quantitativo, utilizando os registros de colpocitologias oncóticas do portal Sistema de Informação do Câncer entre 2018 e 2020 e as estimativas de novos casos de câncer de colo de útero no Amazonas para cada 100 mil habitantes realizada pelo Instituto Nacional de Câncer nos anos de 2018–2019 e 2020–2022, publicadas em fevereiro de 2018 e dezembro de 2019, respectivamente. Resultados: Foram registrados 50.849 exames em 2018 e 63.534 em 2019. Em 2020 foram registrados 42.427, observando-se uma queda 33% só no último ano. O interior do estado apresentou uma queda de 41% no período. Em 2018–2019 a estimativa da taxa de incidência ajustada é de 61,02 para cada 100 mil habitantes na capital. Para os anos de 2020–2022 a estimativa é de 61,54 a cada 100 mil habitantes na capital. Conclusão: A estimativa para o triênio 2020–2022 foi realizada em dezembro de 2019 e não previa a diminuição de 33% dos exames de rastreio. Contudo percebe-se pequeno aumento na taxa ajustada de novos casos na capital. Dessa forma, é possível concluir que a diminuição dos exames poderá afetar incidência do câncer de colo de útero no Amazonas, refletindo em um aumento de casos nos anos seguintes.
Casos de vírus da imunodeficiência humana em gestantes nos últimos cinco anos em uma maternidade pública de Fortaleza
Authors: Queiroz Maisa Leitão de , Brito Lívia Karoline Torres , Rodrigues Isla Lopes de Azevedo , Aguiar Edglesy Carneiro , Santos Juliana Sampaio , Cunha Morgana Boaventura , Cavalcante Luana Duarte Wanderley , Brasil Raquel Ferreira Gomes , Pereira Livia de Paulo , Santos Vanessa da Frota
Published: February 2022

Introdução: O vírus da imunodeficiência humana causa uma infecção sexualmente transmissível que vem aumentando gradativamente o número de novos contágios em mulheres jovens em idade reprodutiva. A infecção pelo vírus dificulta a qualidade de vida da gestante e do feto e, quando não tratada adequadamente, aumenta o risco de transmissão entre o binômio, desencadeando diversas complicações em um parto. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de casos de vírus da imunodeficiência humana em gestantes nos últimos cinco anos em uma maternidade pública localizada no município de Fortaleza (CE). Métodos: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, realizado em uma maternidade do município de Fortaleza. Os dados foram coletados por meio de consulta aos registros dos sistemas de informação do serviço durante o mês de maio de 2021. Como critério de inclusão adotaram-se os casos registrados entre o ano de 2016 até dezembro de 2020. Esta pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa, conforme o parecer n. 1.899.089. Resultados: Foram identificados 522 casos de vírus da imunodeficiência humana em gestantes nos últimos cinco anos, sendo esses distribuídos da seguinte forma: no ano de 2016, foram notificados 90 casos, correspondendo a 17,2% do total do período; em 2017, foram registrados 81 casos (15,5%); no ano de 2018, houve 111 casos (21,6%); no ano de 2019, ocorreram 120 casos (23%); em 2020, foram notificados 120 casos (23%). Observou-se que ocorreu um aumento no número de casos a partir do ano de 2018, podendo esse achado ser justificado pelo diagnóstico do vírus ainda no pré-natal ou antes do parto por meio da oferta do teste rápido. Conclusão: Nota-se ocrescimento de novos casos durante os anos, reforçando a necessidade de uma estratégia para a busca ativa dessas gestantes para que tão logo iniciem o tratamento, sem maiores complicações, além de dispor um pré-natal qualificado eficaz contra o controle de transmissão.
Busca ativa: estratégia de vigilância do vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids, sífilis e hepatites virais em um hospital de urgência e emergência no estado de Goiás
Authors: Oliveira Luzia dos Santos , Paula Janine Oliveira de
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A vigilância epidemiológica hospitalar tem entre seus objetivos a detecção e investigação de doenças de notificação compulsória atendidas no âmbito hospitalar. Nessa perspectiva, vários métodos são utilizados pelos profissionais que atuam nesse setor para alcançar esse objetivo. Entre eles, a busca ativa de doenças e agravos de notificação compulsória por meio dos laboratórios internos nas instituições é um deles. Objetivo: Identificar e notificar pacientes com resultados positivos para as doenças sexualmente transmissíveis pela busca ativa em exames laboratoriais. Métodos: Foi realizada parceria com o laboratório da unidade para envio diário de relatório dos exames realizados pelo serviço. Diariamente a equipe do laboratório envia ao Núcleo de Vigilância Epidemiológica Hospitalar um e-mail com o relatório dos exames realizados com os resultados. Após o recebimento, o Núcleo de Vigilância Epidemiológica Hospitalar faz avaliação dos resultados, consolidando em planilha o número de exames realizados e o número de casos positivos por agravo identificados no dia. Resultados: No período de julho de 2020 a abril de 2021, foram realizadas 43.258 buscas ativas em resultados de exames laboratoriais. Entre elas, foram identificados 49 casos de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. Desses, 21 casos foram referentes a exames de vírus da imunodeficiência humana positivos, 16 casos equivalentes a hepatite B/C e 12 casos de sífilis adquirida. Diante da identificação dos casos positivos, todos foram notificados. Conclusão: Identificou-se que a vigilância de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, aids e hepatites virais pela busca ativa é uma importante ferramenta para a adoção oportuna de medidas de controle, possibilitando a interrupção da cadeia de transmissão de doenças transmissíveis, bem como encaminhamento do paciente diagnosticado aos serviços de tratamento especializado conforme a doença identificada. Recomenda-se o fortalecimento das parcerias entre os diversos setores do hospital com o objetivo de ampliar o diagnóstico precoce das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, oportunizando o âmbito hospitalar como uma estratégia de ampliação desses diagnósticos.
Prevalência de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em mulheres na guarnição militar de Campinas no período de 2017 a 2020
Authors: Lopes Fabia , Speck Neila Maria de Góis
Published: February 2022

Introdução: IST ainda é um importante problema de saúde nas mulheres. Objetivo: Avaliar características clínicas e epidemiológicas das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em mulheres militares e familiares de militares no âmbito da Guarnição Militar de Campinas (SP), comparando com os dados do Ministério da Saúde e dos levantamentos em exércitos de outras nações. Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo de 1.019 mulheres da Guarnição Militar de Campinas atendidas no PMGu/Cas no período de 2017 a 2020. Foram analisadas as 1.019 mulheres, sendo excluídas 372 de acordo com os critérios de exclusão. Análise dos dados: análise descritiva por meio de distribuição percentual e de médias e teste de χ², razão de risco e intervalo de confiança. Resultados: Das 647 mulheres consideradas, foram encontradas 119 mulheres com alguma infecção sexualmente transmissível. No grupo de infectadas, a idade média foi de 32 anos; nas não infectadas, foi de 39 anos. Das 119 infectadas, 74 já tinham diagnóstico prévio ou foram diagnosticadas clinicamente e 45 mulheres tiveram seu diagnóstico efetivado após o resultado dos exames colhidos pois eram assintomáticas. A queixa mais frequente nessa população era de corrimento vaginal (99 mulheres), mas apenas 35 estavam também no grupo que apresentava alguma infecção sexualmente transmissível. A suspeição para doença inflamatória pélvica aguda ocorreu em 38 mulheres e, dessas, apenas 12 apresentaram alguma infecção sexualmente transmissível bacteriana contra 23 infecções sexualmente transmissíveis virais. Conclusão: Nessa coorte, a presença de corrimento genital não apresentou relação com a presença de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Em nosso grupo de pacientes, houve maior ocorrência de suspeição de doença inflamatória pélvica aguda concomitante a infecções sexualmente transmissíveis viral em vez de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis bacterianas. A proporção de Neisseria encontrada em relação a clamídia foi de 1:2, e cerca de 80% dos casos diagnosticados de papilomavírus humano eram assintomáticos. Do total, 11,76% das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis encontradas eram curáveis, ficando 20% abaixo da média nacional para esse mesmo tipo de doença.
Specifics of Public-Private Partnership Projects in the Energy Sphere of Ukraine
Authors: Parfeniuk Tetiana
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the implementation of public-private partnership projects in the energy sector of Ukraine. In particular, the content of key research concepts is determined, the current state of public-private partnership in the energy sector of Ukraine is analyzed, and the directions of increasing the efficiency of public-private partnership projects in the energy sector of Ukraine are determined.
The analysis of the implementation of public-private partnership projects in the field of energy in Ukraine indicates the prospects and feasibility of implementing this mechanism of cooperation between the state and private companies. At the same time, it should be noted that today the regulatory, legal, institutional, personnel, financial support of public-private partnership in the field of energy, as well as the development and implementation of concession agreements in the field of energy need to be improved.
It is proved that public authorities should first of all focus on intensifying the participation of private companies in innovation and investment processes, which, in turn, requires more effective interaction in the triangle of state-business-civil society. The implementation of this task should be entrusted to the GR-departments created in public authorities, which within the public-private partnership should prepare issues related to the coordination of the parties, inform about government projects and programs, and so on.
It is determined that it is also necessary to develop the Concept of strategic development of public-private partnership in the field of energy and in the country as a whole.
According to the results of the analysis of the Energy Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2035, the author singled out the following areas of improving the efficiency of the public-private partnership mechanism in the energy sector: development of state programs to support businesses and public-private partnership projects; implementation of European principles of regulation in the field of investment in the fuel and energy sector; introduction of the public-private partnership mechanism in the reservation of energy resources and the system of strategic reserves of energy resources.
Keywords: public-private partnership, energy sphere, mechanisms, efficiency, projects, investments.
Classification of Artificial Intelligence Based Coronary Artery Stenosis
Authors: Ece Yildiz , Çolak Tuncay , Uzun Süleyman , Sağiroğlu Ayşe Oya
Published: February 2022

Background: Despite major advances in diagnoses and treatments, cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. To improve and optimize CVD results, AI techniques have the potential to radically revolutionize the way we practice cardiology, especially in imaging and provide with new tools to interpret data and make clinical decisions. Aim: Establishing strategies are necessary to improve the diagnosis and treatment of CVD in the future. Nowadays, artificial intelligence (AI) may have the potential to solve this problem. The application of AI in heart diseases aims to facilitate the detection of radiology patients. Methods: The machine learning algorithms used in this study are K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Naive Bayes, and Decision Tree. In our study, a total of 600 patients, 300 female and 300 male, who were diagnosed with IHD as a result of the findings obtained from the reports of the patients who underwent CAG in the Fırat University Hospital were included in our study. Accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score performance values were obtained by the classification. Results: Among the algorithms we have used, KNN had the highest success rate. It was followed by SVM in the second success rate. The success rate of RCA was 83% in KNN, and it was 75% in SVM. While the success rate of LCx in KNN was 76%, it was 68% in SVM. Similarly, the success rate of LAD in KNN was 73%, and it was 71% in SVM. Conclusion: The demand for CAG will be rising in the coming years, owing to an increase in HR. Therefore, new strategies will be sought to reduce the duration of CAG. We consider the application of AI in routine clinical practice. Keywords: Right coronary artery, Left coronary artery, Stenosis, Artificial intelligence
The Impact of 4-weeks Dominant Wrist-Forearm Strength Training Ipsilateral and Contralateral on the Strength
Authors: Taraf Osman , Özal Mehmet
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study; To investigate whether 4-week dominant wrist-forearm strength exercises have an effect on contralateral and ipsilateral strength. To work; 27 of them were exercise group (EG) (age: 19.70 ± 1.41 years, height: 176.73 ± 7.22 cm, body weight: 69.22 ± 9.51 kg) and 27 of them were the control group (KG) (age: 20.15 ± 1.66 years, height: 179.374 ± 5.49, body weight: 70.39 ± 7.43 kg) a total of 54 male volunteers participated. EG performed 4 sets of dominant (D) wrist flexion and extension exercises with dumbbells at 70% intensity for 4 weeks, 3 days a week. No study has been done on the non-dominant (ND) side. The repetitions in the sets were continued until the participant could not lift the weight with the appropriate technique (Fatigue). The data were collected by General Information Form, height meter, scale and digital hand dynamometer. Paired sample t-test was used to compare the before-after measurements of the groups. Two-way mixed ANOVA results were given in the examination of the change between the measurements obtained at the beginning of the study and at the end of the 4-week period in the study and control groups. As a result of the comparison of the pre and post tests’ means, statistically notional difference for the D clutch strength and ND clutch strength is respectively as (p<0.001). However, there is no notional difference in CG(p>0.05). A statistically significant time-dependent difference was found on D hand grip strength and ND hand grip strength measurement results (p<0.001). While TimeXGroup interaction was found to be statistically significant in the evaluation of D hand grip strength measurement results (p<0.001), TimeXGroup interaction was not statistically significant in the evaluation of ND hand grip strength measurement results (p>0.05). The main effect of the group variable (Regardless of the time variable) was not statistically significant in all data (p> 0.05). It can be said that this study has a positive impact on D hand clutch strength and ND hand clutch strength. Keywords: Cross transfer, strength, strength training.
Feasibility and cost-effectiveness of surgical stabilization of traumatic rib and sternum fractures with off-label utilization of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery titanium implants: Case series
Authors: Fugazzola Paola , Casadei Chiara , Rosato Chiara , Favi Francesco , Tomasoni Matteo , Improta Mario , Zaghi Claudia , Russo Emanuele , Coccolini Federico , Santonastaso Domenico , Gamberini Emiliano , Agnoletti Vanni , Ansaloni Luca
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Recent evidence showed improved outcomes in surgical fixation, compared to conservative management, of flail chest and severe non-flail rib fractures patterns. The dedicated rib fixation systems are expensive and not available in most hospitals. This study aims to establish the feasibility of surgical stabilization of traumatic rib and sternum fractures with off-label utilization of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery titanium implants. Methods: Case series where data of patients, who underwent surgical stabilization of traumatic rib or sternum fractures with off-label utilization of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery titanium implants at Bufalini Hospital in Cesena, Italy, were retrospectively collected. Results: From August 2018 to June 2020, 13 patients were included. The mean operative time was 87.5 minutes (median ± SD: 85 ± 27.1). Post-operative complications were: pneumonia (46.2%), sepsis (7.7%) and superficial wound infection (15.4%). No patients underwent reintervention. No infection or displacement of plates occurred. The costs of the most utilized titanium plates and screws in our series (∅ 2.3–2.5 mm KLS Martin®) were 122–245 € for one plate and, 13 € for a pack of five screws. Conclusions: The present study showed the feasibility of the off-label use, for rib stabilization, of devices from cranio-maxillo-facial surgery, usually easily available in hospitals and, in particular, in trauma centers, also without elective thoracic surgery departments. These devices are cheaper than the most widely utilized rib fixation systems and, being easily available in hospitals, could be used in urgent settings and could avoid the delay of rib fixation if dedicated thoracic fixation systems are not available. They could have a role also in low-income countries.
Volumetric & Transport Behavior of Neutral Amino Acids in Different Concentrations of an Electrolyte at 250°C
Authors: Dhir Vaneet , Grewal R. P. Singh
Published: February 2022

Apparent molar volumes, V2, ? of  glycine, DL-?-alanine, DL-?-amino-n-butyric  acid, L-valine and L-leucine in water and in (0.25,  0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0) mol?kg-1 aqueous  potassium nitrate solutions have been  determined at T= 298.15 K from density  measurements. The standard partial molar  volumes at infinite dilution, V20 obtained from  V2, ? , have been used to calculate the  corresponding volumes of transfer, ?tV0 from  water to aqueous potassium nitrate solutions. The hydration number, nH, side chain  contributions and volumetric interaction  coefficients of these amino acids have also been  calculated. The ?tV0 values for the studied amino  acids are positive, and these values increase with  an increase in the concentration of NaNO3 .
On Invariant Speed of Light
Authors: Orlov S.
Published: February 2022

A new physical model of the appearance of light, properties, and its trajectory. Explains the paradox of invariance andisotropy of light based on the laws of classical physics.
Study of Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activities of Waltheria indica
Authors: Y. Musa , M. Musah , H. Yerima , N.B. Erena
Published: February 2022

Waltheria indica is used in Nigeria and other parts of the world as traditional medicine for the treatment of several ailments such as skin disease, impotence, malaria, typhoid fever, epilepsy infertility, aches, pains, syphilis, pile, cough, sore throat, gonorrhea and leprosy among others. The extracts of this plant: Aqueous, chloroform and methanolic extract were subjected to both phytochemical and antimicrobial screening. The result of the phytochemical screening showed the occurrence of Flavonoids, Anthraquinones, Saponins, Tannins, Terpenes, Cardiac glycosides and Carbohydrate. But absence of free anthraquinone and phlobatanines.The Antimicrobial activity of the extracts using Agar plate-hole, Nutrient broth and Agar diffusion method. It was found that the plant extracts from both methanol and chloroform were notable to exhibit any reasonable activity while Aqueous extract showed reasonable activity with Escherielia coli andStaphyhococcusaureus. These finding, however, support the traditional use of the Waltheriaindica for the treatment of the above mentioned diseases. This is because Aqueous extract is the only extract that show inhibitory effect and similarly the traditional healers uses water for their extraction.
Characterization and Experimental Investigation of NaNO3: KNO3 as Solar Thermal Energy Storage for Potential Cooking Application
Authors: Wagari Elias , Aman Abdulkadir , Sahu Omprakash
Published: February 2022

Household cooking is a major energy intensive activity in most of the Ethiopian households. Replacing the existing inefficient cooking stoves and the polluting energy source with a renewable source of energy plays a paramount role in conserving the environment and reducing the indoor pollution. In this study an energy storage phase change material is proposed to store solar thermal energy for a potential household cooking application. The selected phase change material has a melting point range which is well fitted to the operating range of temperatures for most of the household cooking activities. The solar energy source is simulated with electrical heating for experimental investigation of the thermal characteristics. Also it is intended to study the thermal characteristics of the mixture using deferential scanning calorimeter to identify at which mass ratio the mixture shows better thermal characteristics. From the laboratory analysis it is found that the 60% NaNO3 and 40% KNO3 by mass has shown promising thermal characteristics. For applying the selected salt mixture for cooking application, an experiment was conducted on two Ethiopian local meals, shiro wet and potato meal, to know how much energy is required to cook them and what amount of the PCM is required to store the required energy. The result reveals that 2.38KwH energy is required for cooking the two meals for five family members for lunch and dinner. To store the energy required 4kg of the PCM was required. Experiments were conducted to see the charging and discharging time of 60% NaNO3 and 40% KNO3 by mass. From the experimental result for 1.4kg of the PCM, charging time of 50 minutes up to 300oC a discharging time of 4.5 hours (From 300oC -100oC) is required.
Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources: A Case study of Tauni Devi Block of Hamirpur District
Authors: Kumari Binita , Kumari Binita , Attri Pawan K.
Published: February 2022

A study to know the status of climate change impact on water sources was conducted in villages of Tauni Devi Block of Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh. The study has shown that there are number of traditional drinking water sources in this area. The main traditional sources for the drinking water in study area are wells, baories and khatries. Piped water supply had also been provided to almost every house. A survey for drinking water status was conducted during the field survey and it is enumerated that the Total of 1302 (Khandera,550;Narsin ,752) habitations are in the studied village . The piped water supply schemes are given from three different IPH division these are:Hamirpur, Bhoranj and Uhal. Water requirement and water supplied by IPH department to the above villages are Khandera; 38500 Ltrs, Narsin; 52640 Ltrs accordingly in 112+152 private tapes and 11 public tapes However IPH department take care of other source of water i.e. 9 hand pumps in two village. Source of this water supply to the Khandera village is River Beas (underground water) LWSS Logwalti Bamson and to Narsin from Infiltration gallery at Gudhwin Khad. Climate change is likely to increase the variability of water resources affecting human health and livelihoods. The projected increase in the frequency and magnitude of high intensity rainfall events could affect infiltration and groundwater recharge with further implications for water availability for people as well as water accessibility for plants. The anticipated increase in variability in availability of water because of climate change should be dealt with by increasing water storage in its various forms, namely, soil moisture, ponds, ground water, small and large reservoirs and traditional water systems must be reexamined, reinvestigated and preserved.
A Controversy of EEG Loreta and NeuroGuide Reports in ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder
Authors: Bidaki Reza , Moosavipoor Seyed Ahmad , Mirhosseini Hamid
Published: February 2022

There is a Controversy of EEG Loreta and NeuroGuide reports in ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder. In OCD , Alpha at high Alpha group is more than low Alpha group.Journal of Advance Research in Applied Science ISSN: 2208-2352 The controversy is that Alpha power(especially 8 Hz) at Neuroguide low alpha group is unexpectly more than high Alpha group but, result on the Loreta mean is opposite of Neuroguide