bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proteomic Analysis of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein-like Protein-2 on MCF-7 Cell Growth
Authors: Xiang Siqi , Zhu Lin , Zhang Zhiliang , Wang Siyuan , He Shiqiang , Cui Ruxia , Xiang Mingjun
Published: October 2020

Backgrounds Although inhibitor of apoptosis protein-like protein-2 (ILP-2) is regarded as a novel growth enhancer for breast cancer, its mechanism on breast cancer cell growth remains elusive. This study analysed the expression profiles of proteins with association to ILP-2 protein during Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cell growth for its mechanism on breast cancer cell growth.Methods Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification analysis (iTRAQ) was applied on siRNA-5 and negative control groups of MCF-7 breast cancer cells to analyse protein expression profile correlated to ILP-2 during MCF-7 cell growth. Verification of iTRAQ data was by done by Western blot.Results4065 proteins were identified in the MCF-7 cells, with 241 of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (fold change ≥ 1.20 or ≤ 0.83 and P<0.05). A total of 156 upregulated and 85 downregulated proteins were found in the siRNA-5 group versus negative control group. These DEPs were associated with the extracellular matrix receptor interaction. Proteins from the top 10 biological processes were associated with signal transduction, regulation of cell proliferation, and immune system processes. The expression of AGA (N(4)-(beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl)-L- asparaginase), MT1E (metallothionein-1E) and TDO2 (tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase) increased when the protein expression of ILP-2 was knocked-down. ConclusionsThese results suggest that ILP-2 promotes MCF-7 cell growth by regulating cell proliferation, signal transduction, and immune system processes.
Nutritional Requirements During Training for Special Operation Forces – An Observational Study
Authors: Rietjens Gerard , Plasqui Guy , Frenken Deafvon A.M.S.W. , Most Jasper
Published: October 2020

Background: Responses to exercise training can vary greatly between individuals. For special operation forces, low responses to training can hamper performance. In this study, we objectively measured strength and fitness during special operation forces training, and assessed potential determinants of the training response. Methods: Twenty subjects were enrolled, and measurements were taken before and after a 9-week training program. Muscular strength was measured as one-repetition-maximum on four instruments, and physical fitness by the Cooper-test. Body composition was measured using deuterium dilution, physical activity by accelerometry and diet quality by food records. Level of significance was p<0.05.Results: During the 9-week training period, body strength increased by 0.33±0.24 N/kg (+7%, P<0.001, and physical fitness increased by 3.5±3.4 mL/min/kg (+6%, P=0.001). Gains in strength were inversely associated with strength at baseline, and positively with activity intensity during the training program. We observed no effect of training on body weight, but body composition was significantly different at follow-up as compared to baseline (16.9±2.5% to 14.9±2.5% body fat, P=0.03). Energy intake was 4491±506 kcal/d and energy balance was -243±306 kcal/d (P=0.04). Average physical activity level was 2.6±0.2 and the average duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was 5:53±0:36h. Over time, physical activity did not change significantly. After adjustment for underreporting, intakes of vitamin C and D were insufficient on average and for most participants.Conclusions: Improvements in strength were modulated by strength prior to the intervention, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during the training. Thus, compensatory declines in physical activity may hamper the effectiveness of the exercise program.
Dengue Prediction Through Machine Learning and Deep Learning: A Scoping Review Protocol.
Authors: Batista Ewerthon Dyego de Araujo , Bublitz Frederico Moreira , Araujo Wellington Candeia de , Lira Romeryto Vieira
Published: October 2020

Background: Dengue is an endemic disease caused by the DENV virus. There are four types of serology for this virus (DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 e DENV4). All of these variations can cause the disease and, once infected with one type, the patient is not immune against other serologies. Due to the particularity of the virus serology, as well as the ease of reproduction of the transmitting mosquito, approximately 4.3 million people suffered from this disease in 2019. Although it is not a new disease, there is still no effective vaccine against the virus. The best form of combat is prevention against mosquito proliferation. In this sense, machine learning and deep learning techniques have been used to predict dengue cases. In this work we show a scope review to clarify how it is possible to predict dengue cases through machine and deep learning.Methods: This scope review will follow the methodology defined in the article “Scoping studies: advancing the methodology”. The methodology consists of six phases. We chose to use only the mandatory ones: 1 - Identify the research question, 2 - Identify the relevant studies, 3 - Select the studies, 4 - Map the data and 5 - Compile, summarize and make the report. The main research question is to verify the feasibility of using machine learning and deep learning in the prediction of dengue cases. Derived from this question, the machine learning and deep learning techniques used will be investigated, where the studies are carried out, which data are being used, how the models are validated and which produce better results. The review used electronic databases: Scopus Document Search, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, PubMed, ACM Digital Library, and Web of Science.Results: After completing this study, a technical-scientific opinion was created and the suggested protocol was executed. As a result of the execution, 301 papers were selected and 14 approved.Conclusions: We can prove the effectiveness of using Machine Learning and Deep Learning techniques to predict dengue cases. Systematic Review registrations: Submitted on October 16,2020 Open Science Framework
Monocyte Distribution Width (MDW) as a New Tool for the Prediction of Sepsis in Critically Ill Patients: A Preliminary Investigation in an Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Polilli Ennio , Frattari Antonella , Esposito Jessica Elisabetta , Stanziale Andrea , Giurdanella Giuliana , Iorio Giancarlo Di , Carinci Fabrizio , Parruti Giustino
Published: October 2020

Background. Monocyte Distribution Width (MDW), a simple proxy marker of innate monocyte activation, can be used for the early recognition of sepsis along with Procalcitonin.Objectives. To explore the added value of MDW as an early predictor of ensuing sepsis in patients hospitalised in an Intensive Care Unit. Methods: We performed an observational prospective monocentric study to estimate the analytical performance of MDW in detecting ensuing sepsis in a sample of consecutive patients assisted in an Intensive Care Unit for >48h for any reason. Demographic and clinical characteristics, past medical history and other laboratory measurements were included as potential predictors of confirmed sepsis in multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 211 patients were observed, 129 of whom were included in the final sample due to the suspect of ensuing sepsis; of these, 74 (57%) had a confirmed diagnosis of sepsis, which was best predicted with the combination of MDW>23.0 and PCT>0.5 ng/mL (Positive predictive value, PPV: 92.6, 95%CI: 82.1-97.9). The best MDW cut-off to rule out sepsis was ≤20.0 (Negative predictive value, NPV: 86.4, 95%CI: 65.1-97.1). Multivariate analyses using both MDW and PCT found a significant association for MDW>23 only (OR:17.64, 95%CI: 5.53-67.91).Conclusions: We found that values of MDW>23 were associated with a high PPV for sepsis, whereas values of MDW <20 were associated with a high NPV. Our findings suggest that MDW may help clinicians to monitor ICU patients at risk of sepsis, with minimal additional efforts over standard of care.
Cisplatin, Docetaxel and Cetuximab (TPEx) as First-line Treatment for Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter Real-World Study
Authors: Falco Agustín , Leiva Mariano , Blanco Albano , Cefarelli Guido , Rodriguez Andrés , Melo Juan , Cayol Federico , Rizzo Manglio , Sola Alejandro , Montani Hernán Rodríguez , Chacón Matías , Enrico Diego , Waisberg Federico
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUNDThe association of platinum, taxanes, and cetuximab has proven to be an effective and safe strategy for head and neck cancer treatment. Here we present a multi-institutional real-world experience of the TPEx schema as first-line therapy in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).METHODS This retrospective multicenter cohort study included patients with histologically confirmed recurrent or metastatic SCCHN treated with first-line TPEx regimen at five medical centers in Argentina between January 1, 2017, and April 31, 2020. Chemotherapy consisted of four cycles of docetaxel, cisplatin, and cetuximab, followed by cetuximab maintenance. Clinical outcomes and toxicity profiles were evaluated. RESULTSTwenty-four patients were included. Median age at diagnosis was 58 years (range 36-77). The majority of patients (83.3%) received at least four chemotherapy cycles in the initial part. In the included group, overall response rate was 62.5%, and three patients achieved a complete response (12.5%). The median time to response was 2.4 months (95% CI 1.3-3.5). With a median follow-up of 12.7 months (95% CI 8.8-16.6), the median progression-free survival was 6.9 months (95% CI: 6.5-7.3), and the overall survival rate at 12 months was 82.4%. Two-thirds of patients reported at least one treatment-related adverse event, and 25% presented grade 3-4 toxicities.CONCLUSIONSTPEx was an adequately tolerated regimen in our population. Median progression-free survival and overall response rates were consistent with recent reports in clinical trials evaluating this treatment combination.
Identifification of Key Genes Involved in Colorectal Cancer: A Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Lu Dongxue , Yan Jing , Sun Zhiguang , Li Xuan , Liu Feng , Zou Kun , Ding Pinpin , Liu Haixia , Zhu Li
Published: October 2020

BackgroundColorectal cancer is the life-threatening tumor with both high prevalence and mortality worldwide. However, the molecular mechanism behind it remains unknown. Methods: Herein, the potential prognostic candidate biomarkers for colorectal cancer were tested by Bioinformatical analysis combined with the CRC clinical samples. Three data sets (GSE32323, GSE44076 and GSE43078) were collected from the gene expression omnibus (GEO). The limma and clusterProfifiler packages were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and conduct functional enrichment analysis, respectively. To retrieve Interacting Genes (STRING) database, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was built up using Search Tool, and Cytoscape was applied to carry out the module analysis. Subsequently, the online tool GEPIA was employed to conduct overall survival analysis (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/index.html), and the Oncomine database was used to analyze prognostic candidate biomarkers. Finally, 4 key hub genes were selected for validation of their expression levels in 9 patients newly diagnosed with CRC via reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR). To evaluate the accuracy of prediction, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was applied.ResultsIn total, 547 DEGs got identifified, inclusive of 475 downregulated and 72 upregulated genes with a signifificant enrichment in the cellular response to hypoxia, the positive control of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade and the positive control of apoptotic process. The enhanced pathways were Pathways in cancer,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. Through the extraction of critical modules from the PPI network, 10 hub genes got removed. These 10 hub genes are all up-regulated genes and are highly expressed in colorectal cancer. Survival analysis shows that only CCNB1 and CCNA2 are associated with the survival prediction of colorectal cancer. Moreover, consistence is show between the TCGA data sets and the expression levels of the 4 hub genes. Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC) curves showed that all CCNB1,CCNA2,AURKA and BUB1B have potential predictive value.Briely, new hub genes identifified can shed light on the underlying mechanism behind CRC carcinogenesis and development, which is coducive to detecting and treating CRC timely.
Imaging Diagnosis and Differentiation of Desmoplastic Fibroma of Bone
Authors: Zhong Zhi-Wei , Cao Lei , Guo Zhe , Wu Hui-Zhao , Wu Wen-Juan , Gao Bu-Lang
Published: October 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Total and High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio is Associated With Metabolic Syndrome Among Very Elderly in Chengdu, China
Authors: Huang Gang , Xu Junbo , Deng Xiaoqi , Wu Jing , Xie Jiang , Cai Lin , Liu Hanxiong , Yu Xiuqiong , Zhang Tingjie
Published: October 2020

Backgroundmetabolic syndrome (MetS) is currently a major public health challenge worldwide. This study was to investigate the potential association between total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (THR) and MetS in very elderly population in Chengdu. Methodstotally 1056 very elderly (aged ≥ 80 years ) in Chengdu community were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Geographic characteristics of participants were collected and laboratory measurement were performed. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined according to Chinese and international diabetes federation (IDF) criteria respectively. Logistic analysis was used to investigate the potential association between THR and MetS. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the efficiency of THR in predicting MetS. ResultsFinally 1038 participants were included in statistical analysis. The mean age was 83.6±3.4 years and 52.6% was men and 21.6% of which suffered from MetS. Participants with MetS had relatively higher waist circumference, body weight, blood pressure, fast plasma glucose, non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol and THR. The logistic analysis revealed that THR was associated with MetS according to both Chinese (odds ratio(OR): 3.053, 95% confidence interval(CI): 2.464-3.782, P<0.001) and IDF criteria (OR: 2.458, 95%CI: 2.016-2.995, P<0.001). And the ROC analysis found that the area under curve of THR was 0.800 (95%CI: 0.749-0.852, P<0.001) and 0.727 (95%CI: 0.669-0.786, P<0.001) for predicting MetS according to Chinese and IDF criteria, respectively.ConclusionsTHR is associated with MetS in this community very elderly population in Chengdu.
Common Microbial Agents in Asthmatic Children With Respiratory Infection and Productive Cough
Authors: Sabet Faezeh , Mirhosseini Ali , Basharkhah Samira , Mohereri Mehran , Mohammadi Fatemeh Sadat , Ahanchian Hamid , Rezaee SA Rahim
Published: October 2020

BackgroundMicrobes can influence on the development and somehow on triggering of asthma attacks. Therefore, in this study the more significant microbial infections which trigger the attacks in children were evaluated.MethodsA total of 41 nasopharyngeal and oro-pharyengeal swabs were obtained from the Pediatric Allergy Clinic of two educational hospitals, and sent to a Molecular Laboratory for evaluation of 21 bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens using qPCR-TaqMan method.ResultsThe main bacterial infections were S.aur 18/41 (43.9%), S.pneu 16/41 (39%), C.pneu 12 /41 (29.3%), and HIB 17/41 (41.5%) while the most viral infections were and HRSV 3/41 (7.3%) and FluB, HRV, HMPVA.B, HPIV-2,3,4, HcoV-63 and HcoV-229 in 2 cases (4,9%), in asthmatic children. Although, bacterial infections were more common in both gender, the frequency of those agents were statistically difference between girls and boys population (P=0.02). There were positive correlations between S. pneu infection with asthma attack and bronchitis (P= 0.02 and P= 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between AV and RSVA.B infections with allergic rhinitis (P= 0.02 and P= 0.001, respectively).ConclusionIn conclusion, it is more likely that in this region with a population of 6.2 million and more than 25 million tourists, the bacterial respiratory infections, particularly, HIB, S.aur and S. pneu were more common, however, and consistence with other studies HRSV and Flu.B have been dominant viral infections in asthmatic attacks.
Right Coronary Artery May Grow Even Better than Normal After Arterial Switch Operation for Complete Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: Machida Daisuke , Isomatsu Yukihisa , Goda Motohiko , Suzuki Shinichi , Kasama Keiichiro , Minami Tomoyuki , Yasuda Shota , Choh Tomoki , Goda Masami , Tominaga Norihisa , Kaneko Shotaro , Masuda Munetaka
Published: October 2020

Background: It is unclear if coronary arteries properly grow in patients who underwent arterial switch operation for complete transposition of the great arteries. The purpose of this study was to clarify the mode of coronary growth and size in these patients. Methods: Eighteen patients who underwent arterial switch operation for complete transposition of the great arteries from 2000 to 2012 in our institution, and in whom coronary angiography was performed in late operative phase, were enrolled in this study. Growth of coronary arteries was evaluated by cubage of coronary arteries based on analyses with coronary angiography. Coronary arteries were divided into small segments and each segment was approximated by a truncated right circular cone. The sum of the cubage of each truncated cone in one coronary artery was approximated as total cubage of the coronary. the coronary cubage index was then calculated by dividing total cubage of a coronary artery by the patient’s body surface area. The coronary cubage indexes of the enrolled patients were compared with that of control patients with healed Kawasaki disease.Results: The left coronary cubage indexes of the complete transposition of the great arteries group and the control group were 1.05 ± 0.34 and 0.94 ± 0.34 (p=0.598), respectively, and no significant deference was found between groups. On the contrary, the right cubage index of the complete transposition of great arteries group was significantly larger than the control group (1.08 ± 0.44 and 0.54 ± 0.37, respectively; p=0.007), and total coronary cubage index (left coronary index + right coronary index) of the complete transposition of the great arteries group was also larger than the control group as well (2.13 ± 0.7 and 1.47 ± 0.6, respectively; p=0.026).Conclusion: The left coronary arteries after arterial switch operation for complete transposition of great arteries grow as large as normal; however, the right coronary arteries possibly grow even larger.
Modified Clavien-Dindo Classification to Analyze the Risk Factors of Early Complications after Radical Gastrectomy and the Impact of Complications on Long-Term Prognosis
Authors: Ma Jun , Wang Ying , Yu Shui-hong , Zhou Chao-pin , Wang Da-tian , Tang Dai-bin , Jiang Guoqin , Zhang Yaming
Published: October 2020

Background The modified Clavien-Dindo classification system was employed to investigate the occurrence of early complications along with the related risk factors following a radical gastrectomy procedure, with the view of conducting an analysis into the impact of complications on long-term prognosis. Methods The clinical data of 525 patients who had previously undergone a radical gastrectomy procedure for gastric cancer were analyzed in a retrospective fashion. Results Postoperative hospital stay: Complication group (17.88±8.472) days, severe complications group (23.10±7.594) days, significantly higher than non-complication group (10.26±1.973) days and non-severe complications group (11.47±4.712) days (P=0.000<0.05).Multivariate analysis: age (OR = 1.781, P = 0.013), preoperative comorbidity (OR = 1.765, P = 0.020), blood loss (OR = 2.153, P = 0.001), surgical approach (OR = 3.137, P = 0.000) were identified as an independent risk factor associated with early complications. Blood loss (OR=13.053, P=0.013), type of resection (OR=7.936, P=0.047) and nerve involvement (OR=3.670, P=0.009) were identified to be independent risk factors for severe complications.Severe postoperative complications (HR=1.595, P=0.107) and postoperative complications (HR=1.078, P=0.670) were not independent risk factors affecting the 5-year over survival rate. Conclusion Complications following radical gastrectomy were closely related to age, preoperative comorbidity, blood loss, and surgical approach; severe complications were closely related to blood loss, total gastrectomy, and nerve involvement; complications and severe complications were not found to be independent risk factors associated with long-term survival, that being said, they were significantly prolonged postoperative hospital stay.
Medical Electives in Sub-saharan Africa: A 14-years Student/NGO-driven Initiative
Authors: Quaglio Gianluca , Bortolozzo Marta , Benedetto Chiara Di , Lupato Alice , Cavagna Chiara , Putoto Giovanni
Published: October 2020

Background: This article sets out the medical experience on clinical electives in Sub-Saharan Africa driven by a collaboration between a student organisation and a Nongovernmental Organization (NGO). Preclinical medical students spent 4 weeks as part of a multidisciplinary medical team in Africa. Post-elective questionnaires were administered.Results: Of all, 141 students responded to the questionnaire. The participants came from 30 Italian universities. The main difficulties reported are due to the lack of resources for the exercise of the medical activity, and difficulties related to language and communication. The African experience had a positive impact on the progress of the studies upon return, with an increase in determination and motivation. The experience had also positive influences on the future professional choices and carriers. The experience seems to contribute not only to the professional growth, but also to the personal development.Conclusions: A well-structured, mentored experience in international health can have a positive impact on preclinical students’ attitudes, including their compassion, volunteerism, and interest in serving underserved populations. Italian medical schools should incorporate changes in their curricula to train socially responsible physicians.
CENPL, ISG20L2, LSM4 and MRPL3 Are Four Novel Hub Genes Involved in Breast Cancer Development and Progression
Authors: Yin Jinbao , Lin Chen , jiang Meng , Tang Xinbing , Xie Danlin , Chen Jingwen , Ke Rongqin
Published: October 2020

BackgroundAs a highly prevalent tumor disease worldwide, Further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of the occurrence, development and prognosis of breast cancer remain an urgent need. Identifying hub genes involved in these pathogenesis and progression can potentially help to unveil its mechanism and provide novel diagnostic and prognostic markers for breast cancer.MethodsIn this study, we systematically integrated multiple bioinformatic methods, including robust rank aggregation (RRA), functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks construction and analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), ROC and Kaplan-Meier analyses, DNA methylation analyses and genomic mutation analyses, GSEA and GSVA, based on ten mRNA datasets to identify and investigate novel hub genes involved in breast cancer. In parallel, RNA in situ detection technology was applied to validate those novel hub gene.ResultsEZH2 was recognized as a key gene by PPI network analysis. CENPL, ISG20L2, LSM4 and MRPL3 were identified as four novel hub genes through the WGCNA analysis and literate search. Among those five hub genes, many studies on EZH2 gene in breast cancer have been reported, but no studies are related to the roles of CENPL, ISG20L2, MRPL3 and LSM4 in breast cancer. These novel four hub genes were up-regulated in breast cancer tissues and associated with tumor progression. ROC and Kaplan-Meier indicated these four hub genes all showed good diagnostic performance and prognostic values for breast cancer. The preliminary analysis revealed those novel hub genes are four potentially candidate genes for further exploring the molecular mechanism of breast cancer.ConclusionWe identify four novel hub genes (CENPL, ISG20L2, MRPL3, and LSM4) that are likely playing key roles in the molecular mechanism of occurrence and development of breast cancer. Those hub genes are four potentially candidate genes served as promising candidate diagnostic biomarkers and prognosis predictors for breast cancer, and their exact functional mechanisms in breast cancer deserve further in-depth study.
Microarthropod population dynamics in a subtropical deciduous forest of the Eastern-Ghat hill range in India in response to variation in edaphic factors
Authors: Acharya Pratik , Samal Suryasikha , Mishra C.S.K.
Published: October 2020

Background: Soil microarthropods are considered as major groups of soil fauna which facilitate the decomposition of organics in soil. In forests, the sustenance of nutrient pool is dependent on the density and diversity of these animals. Edaphic factors of habitat play vital role in species distribution of any region. Any changes in population structure of microarthropod may affect the ecosystem adversely. This study reports the seasonal variation of microarthropod population of the orders Collembola, Acari and Hymenoptera in five sampling zones, degraded (DF), dense mixed (DMF), open mixed (OMF), bamboo (BF) and wet land (WL) in a subtropical deciduous forest (Chandaka-Dampara) of Eastern India. Results: Seven species of Collembola and four species each of Acari and Hymenoptera were identified. Ecological indices did not show noticeable species diversity in different sampling zones of the forest. Heatmap analysis indicated high relative abundance of Collembola in WL irrespective of season. The abundance of Acari was high in OMF and DF, Hymenoptera in DMF and OMF for dry and wet season respectively. Wet season indicated significantly higher microarthropod population irrespective of species. The correlation colour matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) showed significant positive correlation of arthropod population with soil moisture and organic carbon. Significant population variation in the animal population were observed between dry and wet seasons. Conclusion: The forest floor was dominated by Collembola order of microarthropod species irrespective of sampling zone and season. Soil moisture and carbon contents in different seasons were found to be most sensitive growth regulators of microarthropod populations In Chandaka forest of Eastern India.
Ukrainian Popular Science in Habsburg Galicia, 1900-14
Authors: Rohde Martin
Published: October 2020

This paper historicizes the idea of “popular science” in the Ukrainian academic discourse in relation to contemporary approaches to “national science” (as “science proper”) and places special emphasis on the introduction of regular scientific lectures to public audiences in early twentieth century Habsburg Galicia. The Shevchenko Scientific Society was the central Ukrainian association of scholars and scientists at the time. Male-dominated, and increasingly dedicated to “Ukrainoznavstvo” (“Ukrainian studies”), the Shevchenko Scientific Society paid little attention to the popularization of scientific research. The Petro Mohyla Society for Ukrainian Scientific Lectures emerged in reaction to the Shevchenko Society. Its goal was to expand public awareness of the scientific work, and its members proceeded to organize regular public lectures all over Galicia between 1909 and 1914. This paper analyzes such popularization of science, propagated by the Petro Mohyla Society, and examines the lecture audiences with regard to their location, gender, and respective interests.
Peoples, Nations, and Identities: The Russian-Ukrainian Encounter
Authors: Von Hagen Mark
Published: October 2020

Reprinted with permission. Originally published in special issue Peoples, Nations, Identities: The Russian-Ukrainian Encounter of The Harriman Review, vol. 9, nos. 1-2, Spring 1996, pp. 3-6.
Review of Gerard Toal. Near Abroad: Putin, the West, and the Contest over Ukraine and the Caucasus.
Authors: Newnham Randall E.
Published: October 2020

Book review of Gerard Toal. Near Abroad: Putin, the West, and the Contest over Ukraine and the Caucasus. Oxford UP, 2017. xx, 388 pp. Illustrations/Figures. Maps. Tables. Notes. Index. $26.95, cloth.
Review of Paul Robert Magocsi. Historical Atlas of Central Europe.
Authors: Tyushka Andriy
Published: October 2020

Book review of Paul Robert Magocsi. Historical Atlas of Central Europe. Cartographic design by Geoffrey J. Matthews and Byron Moldovsky, 3rd revised and expanded ed., U of Toronto P, 2018. xiv, 282 pp. Maps. Tables. Map Sources. Bibliography. Index. $57.75, paper.
Epidemiological aspects of tuberculosis in HIV infected children
Authors: Vasilieva E. B. , Lozovskaya M. E. , Klochkova L. V. , Yarovaya Yu. A. , Noskova O. M.
Published: October 2020

The objective: to assess the methods and time of detection of tuberculosis and HIV infection in children with the co-infection, epidemiological risk factors to develop tuberculosis and effectiveness of preventive measures.

Subjects and methods. 75 children in the age from 0 to 14 years old were enrolled in the study. The TB/HIV Group included 25 children with TB/HIV co-infection. The TB Group included 50 HIV negative children with tuberculosis, they made a comparison group.

Results: out of 25 children with TB/HIV, only 18 (72%) were aware of perinatal exposure to HIV. HIV infection was confirmed in 11/25 (44%) children during the first months of life, in the remaining 14/25 (56%) it was confirmed later, the latest at 13 years old. In 4 children, HIV infection was detected during examination for tuberculosis. In the TB/HIV Group, in 14/25 (56%) children were exposed to tuberculosis in their families as well as 35/50 (70%) in the TB Group. The positive result of a sputum test of the index case was registered in 7/14 (50%) children of the TB/HIV Group and 19/35 (54.2%) children of the TB Group. Of 25 children of the TB/HIV Group, 17 children (68%) were vaccinated with BCG, and in 9 of them the vaccination was not done properly.
Clinical and economic aspects of enhanced treatment efficacy of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Markelov Yu. M. , Lesonen A. S.
Published: October 2020

The objective of the study: To evaluate the clinical and economic efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed multiple drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR).

Subjects and methods. The number and structure of MDR tuberculosis patients living on the territory of the Republic of Karelia from 2008 to 2017 were studied. The clinical and economic efficacy of treatment of MDR tuberculosis patients was assessed.

Results. In 2011-2017, decrease in the number of MDR patients in the Republic of Karelia was mainly due to enhanced treatment efficacy of new MDR tuberculosis cases. The introduction of social support methods (food parsels) and express drug sensitivity testing to rifampicin using the Gene Xpert MTB/RIF was associated with higher treatment efficacy – from 37.2% (2013) to 58% (2014), the lower rate of treatment defaults, and significant decrease in mortality, as well as reduction of costs for curing of one MDR tuberculosis patient from1.68 million rubles in 2012 up to 0.77 million rubles in 2014.
Xanthosoma sagittifolium is resistant to Meloidogyne spp. and controls Meloidogyne enterolobii by soil biofumigation
Authors: Gomes Vanessa Alves , de Jesus Silva Fabíola , Baquião Eunice Maria , Faria Luana Viana , Ferreira Júlio César Antunes , Pedroso Marcio Pozzobon , Broetto Fernando , Wilcken Silvia Renata Siciliano
Published: October 2020

Meloidogyne is a relevant plant-parasitic nematode that causes enormous damage. It is very challenging to control, and there are not many chemicals available on the market for that. As an alternative method of nematode control, biofumigation is increasingly gaining space. This research aimed to study the reaction of Xanthosoma sagittifolium to Meloidogyne enterolobii, M. incognita, and M. javanica and soil biofumigation with X. sagittifolium leaves for M. enterolobii control. The reaction test was performed in the populations 0 (control), 333, 999, 3,000, 9,000, 27,000 eggs and eventual juveniles. X. sagittifolium did not host the Meloidogyne species studied, even in a high population. X. sagittifolium leaves incorporated in soil at concentrations 0 (control), 0.45, 0.9, 1.8, 3.6 g were also studied to control M. enterolobii, and they were able to reduce galls and eggs. The number of galls and egg masses was reduced to a concentration of 1.8 g. In the maximum concentration, the number of galls was less than 15 galls, and the eggs were also reduced to less than 200 eggs. As these macerates emitted nematicidal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) against M. enterolobii, it reduced the infectivity and reproduction of nematodes.
An empirical study of the real effective exchange rate and foreign direct investment in Vietnam
Authors: Thi Xuan Huong Tram , Thi Nguyen My-Linh , Thi Kim Lien Nguyen
Published: October 2020

Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows to Vietnam have increased significantly in recent years. Theoretically, capital inflows will put pressure on the overvaluation of local currencies in countries, despite different exchange rate mechanisms. So, the problem facing the Vietnamese government is the need to examine the relationship between the exchange rate and FDI in order to develop effective policies. This study examined the relationship between the exchange rate and FDI in Vietnam in the period of 2005–2019 using the VAR (vector autoregression) model based on quarterly frequency data. The new points of this study are: (i) using the real effective exchange rate (REER) of the Vietnamese currency with 143 major trading partners of Vietnam; and (ii) adding two control variables into the VAR model to examine the relationship between the exchange rate and FDI in Vietnam – a case study for developing countries. The findings show that, firstly, there is a positive causal relationship between FDI and Vietnam’s real effective exchange rate. Secondly, trade openness has a positive impact on FDI and REER in Vietnam. Thirdly, economic growth has an impact on REER, but no statistically significant impact on FDI was found. The findings can provide useful information to help policymakers plan and make decisions on future policies and support further research studies.
Cash level and corporate performance: evidence from the Gulf Cooperation Council countries
Authors: Alshammari Turki
Published: October 2020

This study aims to examine the connection between cash level and corporate performance, as well as the cash level determinants for all nonfinancial firms in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The empirical analysis employs numerous statistical techniques such as panel regression models and the Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM). The main result of the study confirms a positive relationship between the cash level and both the corporate performance and the firm value, which signifies the role of cash in supporting the corporate productive activities in times of rare cash. The results also show that large firms, especially those with less leverage, experience better corporate performance. Additionally, the results demonstrate that when using different levels of cash holdings as well as different levels of firm size, both the magnitude and the significant positive effect of the cash level on corporate performance and firm value are not altered. For the determinants of the cash level, the results confirm that the most important variables are product competition, free cash flow, corporate liquidity, capital expenditures, and financial constraints. The results do not confirm that the amount of dividend paid has a significant influence on the cash level. All results are robust to the various econometric specifications employed in this study.
AcknowledgmentThis study is supported by Kuwait University research sector, grant number IF-03/18.
Factors affecting the development of the Vietnamese derivative securities market
Authors: Quoc Thinh Tran , Hoang Anh Ly , Ngoc Khanh Dung Nguyen
Published: October 2020

In the context of integration, the capital market has important implications for strengthening economic resources for development. This becomes even more important as the derivative securities market has recently emerged in some countries. It is an opportunity for countries to approach many capital sources, especially foreign capital. The objective of this paper is to identify factors affecting the development of Vietnamese derivative financial markets. The paper uses exploratory factor analysis and ordinary least squares to test the model. A survey sample includes 152 managers and experts of Vietnamese derivative securities companies in 2019. The results show that the International integration factor has the same direction, while the Legal environment factor has an adverse impact on the development of the Vietnamese derivative securities market. Therefore, Vietnamese regulatory bodies should amend some laws to create stability in the legal corridor, and state management agencies in the country need the orientation and the international integration strategy to attract financial resources for the development of Vietnam’s economy.
Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), and Reorder Point (ROP) in Inventory Management System
Authors: Lukiman Adrian Dicky , Richard Richard
Published: October 2020

The research discussed the design of vendor selection features using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, inventory control using Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method, and order notification using Reorder Point (ROP) method. The research aimed to find out the most appropriate time for procurement of goods, selection of vendors that fit the predetermined criteria and determine the number of items that had to be ordered within a period of time. Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) method was used in building the system design. The sample of the research was a telecommunications service provider company. The result shows that by applying these three methods, the problems are overcome.
El Príncipe Caimán y la Ardilla Poeta
Authors: Hernández Ospino William José
Published: October 2020

Esta es una obra maestra en la que el autor demuestra su dominio de la fantasía, para enseñar a la humanidad que la virtud es el único camino acertado de la vida. En estas páginas los animales del trópico y de lugares remotos del planeta enseñan el Arte de la verdadera Política, y las reglas de convivencia que los humanos deben poner en práctica para que la Paz y La Justicia Social gobiernen cada acto de la existencia. En la lectura de cuarenta fábulas se aprende que la envidia es un defecto abominable que impide la felicidad. En estas páginas aprenderás que si respetas y amas al otro, te respetas y te amas a ti mismo. Esta es la regla de oro que tejió cada una de estas historias de ficción, motivada por esta lección del dramaturgo del Siglo de Oro español, en el año de 1635, Pedro Calderón de la Barca: UNA ILUSIÓN, UNA SOMBRA, UNA FICCIÓN; Y EL MAYOR BIEN ES PEQUEÑO; QUE TODA LA VIDA ES SUEÑO, Y LOS SUEÑOS, SUEÑOS SON.”
La colaboración eficaz y la libre competencia: INDECOPI atrapado en el dilema del prisionero
Authors: O'Neill de la Fuente Cecilia
Published: October 2020

En el presente artículo, la profesora Cecilia O’Neill analiza la regulación de los pedidos de clemencia (colaboración eficaz) en la norma peruana de represión de conductas anticompetitivas aplicable a las infracciones a la libre competencia. Considera que estos programas han dado un paso adelante, pero que aún quedan cosas para mejorar y hacer más efectiva la lucha contra las conductas colusorias.
ÁLCOOL E OUTRAS DROGAS NA TENTATIVA DE SUICÍDIO EM USUÁRIOS ATENDIDOS POR UM SERVIÇO MÓVEL DE URGÊNCIA
Authors: Holanda Moura Edmércia , Medeiros Mascarenhas Márcio Dênis , Soares Maria do Socorro de Almeida Chaves
Published: October 2020

Introdução: A tentativa de suicídio é considerada uma conduta suicida não fatal, representando o momento em que uma pessoa realiza uma ação que pode ameaçar sua vida, podendo evoluir ao suicídio, ambas situações representando um importante problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: Caracterizar o uso de álcool e outras drogas em tentativas de suicídio assistidas por um serviço móvel de emergência. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo, realizado na sede do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU), em Teresina-Piauí. A população do estudo foi de 253 registros de atendimentos de usuários que tentaram suicídio e que foram atendidos pelo SAMU 192 no ano de 2018. Os dados foram obtidos no Sistema de Atendimento e Gestão de Ocorrências, no qual são registrados todos os atendimentos realizados pelo SAMU. Os dados foram organizados em gráficos e tabelas e interpretados segundo frequências absolutas e percentuais. Resultados: A maioria dos atendimentos ocorreu em mulheres (65,6%) e pessoas de 20 a 39 anos de idade (49,9%). Em relação ao mecanismo de autolesão, foram encontrados resultados semelhantes entre homens e mulheres. Das 166 mulheres que tentaram suicídio, 99 casos (59,7%) utilizaram a automedicação, seguido do enforcamento e objeto perfurocortante com igual valor 14 (8,4%), e mais de um mecanismo de autolesão com 12 (7,2%). O uso de álcool e outras drogas foi verificado em 12,6% das mulheres e 9,9% dos homens atendidos. Conclusões: A tentativa de suicídio em usuários residentes em Teresina é uma ocorrência relevante. Sugere-se uma atenção voltada para esses casos, com ações de prevenção desse agravo e a capacitação dos profissionais de saúde.Palavras-Chave: Tentativa de Suicídio, Alcoolismo, Usuários de Drogas, Serviços Médicos de Emergência.
DEPRESSÃO E ANSIEDADE NA ENFERMAGEM EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Bhenson Tavares Barbosa Malom , Barbosa de Lima Nascimento Daniela , Larissa Nepomuceno Torres Rebeca , Patrícia Pereira de Moraes Carla , Cristiane Soares da Silva Erika , Windysa de Sousa Silva Manayra , Gomes de Melo Michel
Published: October 2020

Introdução: A depressão é definida como uma síndrome, composta de diversos sintomas físicos e emocionais, com implicações sobre as capacidades dos indivíduos em suas diversas esferas. Numa UTI, é quesito que o profissional possua agilidade na tomada de decisões, um cuidado livre de danos, conhecimento e controle emocional. Esses elementos, agregados aos hábitos de vida, conflitos e estresse no ambiente laboral podem desencadear nesses profissionais transtornos como depressão e ansiedade. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de depressão e ansiedade em profissionais de enfermagem que atuam em Unidade de terapia intensiva adulto. Metodologia: Pesquisa descritiva, transversal com abordagem quantitativa. Por tratar-se de um censo, a população foi composta por toda equipe de enfermagem que atua em Unidade de terapia intensiva Adulto e que atendiam aos critérios de elegibilidade. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e os inventários de depressão e ansiedade de Beck. Adotou-se estatística descritiva para a análise dos dados. Resultados: A média de idade dos profissionais foi de 35 anos, onde 86% são do gênero feminino e sua maioria são casados (46%). Observou-se que 77% da amostra não apresenta sintomas depressivos. Já no que se refere aos sintomas ansiosos, 85% apresentaram grau mínimo de ansiedade. Conclusões: Os resultados desse estudo evidenciaram uma baixa prevalência de depressão e ansiedade. Tais resultados trazem aos gestores de saúde a possibilidade de atentar-se e rever as práticas adotadas nas instituições hospitalares. Recomenda-se que outros estudos, com análises mais robustas, sejam realizados no intuito de se ampliar o conhecimento sobre a temática.

Palavras-Chave: Depressão; Ansiedade; Saúde mental; Equipe de enfermagem; Unidades de Terapia Intensiva.
CÂNCER DE BOCA: AVALIAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO DE CIRURGIÕES-DENTISTAS DA ESTRATÉGIA DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA DE MOSSORÓ (RN)
Authors: Samara Raquel Sousa de Oliveira  , Amanda Katarinny Goes Gonzaga
Published: October 2020

Introdução: O câncer de boca é uma neoplasia maligna que representa um sério problema de saúde pública devido à alta incidência, prevalência e mortalidade e o cirurgião-dentista deve estar apto a diagnosticar essa doença. Objetivo: O presente estudo visou avaliar o conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas da Estratégia de Saúde da Família de Mossoró (RN) sobre o câncer bucal. Metodologia: Para a coleta de dados, o pesquisador se deslocou à Unidade Básica de Saúde para convidar o profissional a participar da pesquisa e aplicou um questionário estruturado. Após a análise dos questionários, foi atribuído um conceito a cada entrevistado para avaliação do seu conhecimento sobre o câncer de boca. Para tabulação e análise dos dados, foi utilizado o programa estatístico Statiscal Package Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 23.0. Resultados: Em relação a autoavaliação, apenas 7% da amostra considerou-se com nível ótimo de conhecimento sobre a doença. Uma minoria (4,7%) participou de cursos com essa temática no ano passado.  Observou-se, ainda, que 81,4% dos cirurgiões-dentistas apresentaram baixo nível de confiança para realizar procedimentos de diagnóstico do câncer bucal. Ao atribuir conceitos de acordo com as respostas dadas pelos profissionais sobre o conhecimento do câncer bucal, constatou-se que a maior parte dos cirurgiões-dentistas entrevistados obtiveram conceito regular (C) e bom (B) sobre o câncer de boca. Conclusões: A maior parte dos cirurgiões-dentistas de Mossoró apresentaram conhecimento entre regular e bom sobre o câncer de boca, entretanto uma parcela expressiva se autodeclara insegura para realizar o diagnóstico, sendo necessários treinamentos sobre o câncer de boca e atualizações que também contribuam com a elevação da autoconfiança desses profissionais.
HÁBITOS DE COMPRA E CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS EM FAMÍLIAS COM MENORES DE CINCO ANOS EM UM MUNICÍPIO DO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO
Authors: Cristina Batista Costa Amanda , Silva Bezerra Mariana , Dantas Pinheiro Dandara , Rejane Siqueira Garcia Lígia , Cristini Martin Sousa Layanne , Araújo de Goes Pryscila
Published: October 2020

Introdução: O ambiente alimentar pode influenciar nas decisões sobre os hábitos e modificar a aquisição e consumo de alimentos ao considerar que as escolhas alimentares são determinadas pelo acesso, disponibilidade, propaganda, conveniência e preço. Isso pode ocasionar consideráveis transformações no comportamento alimentar desde a infância. Objetivo: Avaliar os hábitos de compra e de consumo de alimentos em famílias com crianças menores de cinco anos em um município do Nordeste Brasileiro. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizada com 138 indivíduos nas seis unidades básicas de saúde urbanas do município. Foi realizada entrevista estruturada com aplicação de questionários sobre informações socioeconômicas, hábitos de compra e consumo de alimentos, segurança alimentar, peso e altura auto referidos. Os dados foram analisados no software Statistical Package for the Social Science Statistics (SPSS) versão 23.0. Foi realizado teste de associação entre os hábitos de compra e consumo de alimentos com dados socioeconômicos, estado nutricional antropométrico e segurança alimentar. Resultados: Dentre os hábitos de consumo avaliado, foi verificado que o consumo de salada crua (83,8%), frutas (95,9%) e suco de fruta ou de polpa (93,8%) em pelo menos um dia na semana, foram associados a uma maior escolaridade. Enquanto que a maior frequência de compra e consumo em restaurantes e lanchonetes foi associada a uma maior renda, possuir emprego e não participar de programas sociais. Conclusão: Hábitos de compra e de consumo de alimentos mais saudáveis foram associados com maior escolaridade e condições de trabalho e renda. Assim como acesso à restaurantes e lanchonetes em indivíduos com melhor poder aquisitivo.  

Palavras-Chave: Consumo de alimentos; promoção da saúde; hábitos alimentares.