bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Choice of tree holes as oviposition sites by Kurixalus eiffingeri on Iriomote Island
Authors: Sato Taku Christopher , Iwai Noriko
Published: October 2021

Oviposition site choice affects survival and growth of offspring, particularly in frogs in which the offspring cannot move from the oviposition site. We intended to find the features of tree holes used for oviposition by Kurixalus eiffingeri on Iriomote Island. We measured eight tree hole variables to determine which should be included in the best model to explain breeding use by K. eiffingeri. Out of 32 tree holes examined, we found five that were used for oviposition. The best model included the height above the ground and angle of opening. Higher located tree holes and a larger opening angle were associated with more frequent oviposition by K. eiffingeri. This trend may be due to the higher predation risk in lower tree holes with a steeper opening. The importance of the height of the breeding site above ground was also noted in a previous study on bamboo stumps in Taiwan, but the opening angle was only salient in this study. Our study suggested that the same species in different ecosystems may use different criteria when choosing oviposition sites.
New syntaxa of tall-forb vegetation in the Pamir-Alai and western Tian Shan Mts. (Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, Middle Asia) – an addendum to Nowak et al. 2020
Authors: Nowak Arkadiusz , Świerszcz Sebastian , Nowak Sylwia , Nobis Marcin
Published: October 2021

We validate eleven syntaxa (eight associations and three alliances) of tall-forb vegetation that were published earlier as nomina provisoria according to the International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature. The validation concerns syntaxa of tall-forb vegetation of the class Prangetea ulopterae Klein 1987 reported from Pamir-Alai and western Tian Shan Mountains (Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan).

Taxonomic reference: Cherepanov (1995).

Abbreviations: ICPN = International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature.
La Recherche et l’Innovation en France
Authors: Larédo Philippe
Published: October 2021

Ce chapitre a pour objectif de mettre en perspective les exercices stratégiques nationaux actuels. Il s’efforce de comprendre pourquoi ils s’empilent dans le temps et l’espace. L’analyse suggère qu’il faut aller au-delà des exercices actuels pour mieux comprendre les « préférences longues » de la fabrique des politiques de recherche et d’innovation. Elle en retient trois principales : la préférence longue pour les allocations budgétaires et la délégation de fait qu’elle instaure vis-à-vis des principaux opérateurs, le CNRS en premier lieu ; les effets des certitudes des décideurs politiques quant au « gap » français en matière de relations entre recherche publique et industrie et la pléthore d’institutions qui se sont ajoutées année après année pour tenter d’y répondre ; enfin, la manière de « faire politique » depuis vingt ans, qu’on peut résumer comme suit : un ministre, un colloque, une loi. Tenir compte de ces trois caractéristiques longues conduit en conclusion à esquisser ce que pourrait être un nouvel équilibre qui tire parti de la décennie de changements incessants que nous venons de vivre. Il s’appuierait sur une décentralisation renforcée (incluant les universités), complétée par une nouvelle gouvernance pour assurer un dialogue collectif permanent entre responsables nationaux et régionaux (remplaçant le leurre des comités consultatifs au titre sans cesse renouvelé et qui se succèdent périodiquement). Il dissocierait définition et mise en œuvre, organisant cette seconde autour de deux délégations opérationnelles : aux organismes pour les actions structurelles et aux deux opérateurs centraux pour les actions incitatives.
Reconfigurations des logiques résidentielles et désinstitutionnalisation des parcours de vie
Authors: Clément Céline , Bonvalet Catherine
Published: October 2021

Cet article retrace les parcours résidentiels des 58 retraités nés entre 1927 et 1952 interrogés dans le cadre de l’enquête Amare et les resitue dans le temps long pour les envisager en tenant compte des différentes trajectoires (familiales, sociales, professionnelles) qui composent la vie des individus – l’idée directrice étant que ces dernières constituent une même histoire personnelle (Girard, 1964 ; Grafmeyer, 2010). Prendre en compte l’ensemble des sphères de vie tout en analysant leur intrication est un moyen de saisir l’intelligibilité des trajectoires, d’en appréhender les logiques, de découvrir des effets de « contamination » d’une sphère à l’autre (Bidart, 2006), mais aussi d’observer les « bifurcations biographiques » (Grossetti et al. , 2009) qui impliquent des arbitrages, des réaménagements. La mobilité sera alors appréhendée comme « la capacité des êtres sociaux au cours de leur existence à redéfinir le sens des situations auxquelles ils se trouvent confrontés et les enjeux qui leur importent » (Grafmeyer, 1994). Après avoir décrit les trajectoires résidentielles des enquêtés dans leur ensemble, nous examinerons comment celles-ci, traversées par le processus de désinstitutionalisation de manière différente selon le genre et la génération, se sont écartées du modèle de parcours logement mis en place depuis les années 1960.
Bioremediation of Environmental Pollutants
Authors: Akash  , Pathak Vinay Mohan , Babu Neelesh , Navneet
Published: October 2021

This chapter describes how pollutants are increasing in the environment due to the rapid industrialization all over the world. The environment has been contaminated with large number of organic and inorganic pollutants. The organic pollutants are largely anthropogenic and are introduced to the environment in many ways. Soil contamination with toxic metals, such as Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni, etc., as a result of worldwide industrialization has increased noticeably within the past few years. Bioremediation is a process for reclaiming the environment which has been polluted with the help of living forms. It is an option that offers the possibility to destroy various contaminants using natural biological activity and to degrade the environmental contaminants into less toxic forms. It is also applicable for the heavy metal hazards. It has proven to be cheap and efficient than other techniques. This chapter focuses on the possible trends in the remediation of environment pollutants with the help of plants as well as microbes.
Enzymes Production From Food Waste and Their Application
Authors: Kumar Vismaya N. , Rebello Sharrel , Raveendran Sindhu , Parameswaran Binod , Pandey Ashok , Aneesh Embalil Mathachan , Prabhakumari C.
Published: October 2021

The chapter reviews the fermentation-based production of industrially important enzymes from food waste (FW). Nearly one-third of the food produced globally is wasted and poses serious problems regarding its disposal. A number of dumping systems have been developed in the nations worldwide which has later become a threat to the environment. This problem is both of an environmental and economic concern. Recent developments in the area have revealed the application of bioremediation as the best way to dispose food waste. Composting and anaerobic digestion of the organic waste are gaining importance for the better use of household-level waste rather than just dumping it in landfill sites. This chapter focuses mainly on the different types of FW, its disposal techniques, optimization of the fermentation process for the production of different industrially valued enzymes like amylases, cellulases, pectinases, proteases, phytases, and a few others using a wide range of microorganisms from different types of food waste like kitchen waste and food processing waste.
Nanotechnology for Air Remediation
Authors: Mubarak Shafaq Mubarak
Published: October 2021

The world around us is a gift of God. A thrust to know and reconnoiter the environment around us is innate. Man has drastically explored and utilized the resources hidden in nature, but unfortunately in this sprint of development, the natural environment is severely affected. It is the need of the hour to focus on methodologies for environmental remediation. Many technologies have been developed to reduce the pollution causing factors. Use of nanotechnology for the sake of saving environment is an emerging field. Nano-technology is based on nano-sized (smaller than 1 micron) materials. Nanosize particles have initiated the advancement in new and low cost techniques for environmental pollution control including air pollution.
Professional Development Needs of Distance Education Staff
Authors: Roberts Jennifer Joyce
Published: October 2021

This chapter disseminates the findings of a mixed-method sequential research study that was undertaken in a distance learning context in South Africa. This research investigates the future roles of distance education academic staff and their perceptions of their own competencies in these roles. In addition, the research seeks to identify the required professional development for preparation for these future roles. A mixed-method explanatory sequential design was used so that multiple perspectives could be investigated. Mixed-methods research involves collecting quantitative and qualitative data and then integrating the different sets of results to best address the research questions. This approach is grounded in the paradigm of pragmatism, which is a philosophy for integrating different perspectives and approaches. The integration of the results indicated synergy between the quantitative and qualitative data and provided further metacognitive insights into the future roles of the distance education respondents.
FCRL1 Regulates B Cell Receptor–Induced ERK Activation through GRB2
Authors: DeLuca Jenna M , Murphy Maegan K , Wang Xin , Wilson Timothy J
Published: October 2021

Regulation of BCR signaling has important consequences for generating effective Ab responses to pathogens and preventing production of autoreactive B cells during development. Currently defined functions of Fc receptor-like (FCRL) 1 include positive regulation of BCR-induced calcium flux, proliferation, and Ab production; however, the mechanistic basis of FCRL1 signaling and its contributions to B cell development remain undefined. Molecular characterization of FCRL1 signaling shows phosphotyrosine-dependent associations with GRB2, GRAP, SHIP-1, and SOS1, all of which can profoundly influence MAPK signaling. In contrast with previous characterizations of FCRL1 as a strictly activating receptor, we discover a role for FCRL1 in suppressing ERK activation under homeostatic and BCR-stimulated conditions in a GRB2-dependent manner. Our analysis of B cells in Fcrl1−/− mice shows that ERK suppression by FCRL1 is associated with a restriction in the number of cells surviving splenic maturation in vivo. The capacity of FCRL1 to modulate ERK activation presents a potential for FCRL1 to be a regulator of peripheral B cell tolerance, homeostasis, and activation.
Pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD
Authors: Aldhahir Abdulelah M. , Alghamdi Saeed M. , Alqahtani Jaber S. , Alqahtani Khaled A. , Al Rajah Ahmed M. , Alkhathlan Bedor S. , Singh Sally J. , Mandal Swapna , Hurst John R.
Published: October 2021

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable, and treatable condition, in which outcomes can be improved with careful management. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) comprises exercise and education, delivered by multidisciplinary teams. PR is a cost-effective management strategy in COPD patients which improves exercise performance, reduces dyspnea, reduces the risk of exacerbation, and improves health-related quality of life. All COPD patients appear to benefit irrespective of their baseline function, and PR has also been shown to be a clinically and cost-effective management approach following an acute exacerbation. COPD patients with greater disability and those recovering postexacerbation should be specifically targeted for PR. Due to limited current capacity, the latter group may not currently be able to benefit from PR. Therefore, there is a need for the wider implementation of PR services in Saudi Arabia, requiring us to address challenges including capacity and workforce competency.
Lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Pasala Chiranjeevi , Katari Sudheer Kumar , Nalamolu Ravina Madhulitha , Alexander Sharon Priya , Vankadoth Umakanth Naik , Pakala Siva Ranjani , Umamaheswari Amineni
Published: October 2021

Gram-negative bacteria show more drug-resistant than Gram-positive bacteria due to unique structural attribute and cause significant morbidity and mortality across the globe. Such characteristic structure is an organelle lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the outer membrane (OM) of cell wall essential for growth and survival of bacteria. LPS is a major cell wall component formed by dedicated transenvelope multiprotein complexes that shield the underlying peptidoglycan layer and play a key role in host–pathogen interactions with the innate immune system. Moreover, which constitutes the surface-exposed molecules with lipid portion in the outer leaflet of the OM that able to show antibiotic resistance and also responsible for the variety of biological effects associated with bacterial sepsis. LPS synthesis and structure are a conserved subject in infections during bacterial adaptive changes. Such changes ensue immune evasion, prolonged inflammation and augmented antibiotic resistance by working as molecular decoys which titrate the antimicrobials away from its intracellular antibiotic target. Herein, this review summarises the key features of LPS structure, function and biosynthesis. Moreover, it highlights the broad-spectrum conserved targets in the Raetz pathway without an alternative way for LPS biosynthesis vital for the development of novel therapeutic interventions against Gram-negative pathogens.
Analytical Drain-Current Model and Surface-Potential Calculation for Junctionless Cylindrical Surrounding-Gate MOSFETs
Authors: Smaani Billel , Labiod Samir , Nafa Fares , Benlatreche Mohamed Salah , Latreche Saida
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we propose an analytical drain-current model for long-channel junctionless (JL) cylindrical surrounding-gate MOSFET (SRG MOSFET). It is based on surface-potential solutions obtained from Poisson’s equation using some approximations and separate conditions. Furthermore, analytical compact expressions of the drain-current have been derived for deep depletion, partial depletion, and accumulation mode. The confrontation of the model with TCAD simulation results, performed with Silvaco Software, proves the validity and the accuracy of the developed model
Comparação entre o comportamento enxuto de engenheiros do setor público e do setor privado
Authors: Silva Jorge Luis Oliveira , Cruz Herbert Melo , Santos Débora de Gois
Published: October 2021

The aim of the research was to compare lean behavior among engineers working in public sector with engineers working in private sector. The method consisted in applying a questionnaire with the engineers working in public or private sector. The questions were divided in to the groups: definition of work, measurement of work, communication and dissemination of information, guidance and motivation of workers, work scheduling, use of equipment and productive chain. For the application of this questionnaire, 15 engineers from the state of Bahia and Sergipe were selected. As a result, it was observed in the research that there is a lean behavior on the part of the public and private engineers. However, there is also a greater difficulty by engineers (tax) in relation to the use of the lean principles. It was also evidenced that labor measurement is a recurring problem in the public and private sectors.
Avaliação pós-obra: estudo de caso de ciclovias através da aplicação de metodologia de inspeção
Authors: Hora Karoline Matos da , Alvarenga Marianna Campos , Júnior Antonildo Campos Silva , Pereira Claudio Henrique de Almeida Feitosa
Published: October 2021

The Brazilian cities have many problems associated to urban mobility. Various policies have been created to encourage the use of bicycles for all the country. Because it is a relatively new modal when compared to road pavements, it is difficult to find reliabl references regarding planning, design, execution, evaluation and maintenance for bicycle paths. This paper proposes a new evaluation methodology for rigid pavement of bicycle paths located in Brasília – DF. This evaluation is done post construction. It aims to know the pavement conditions and to help in decisions related to the maintenance phase. Besides that, it is purpose to be a parameter to the future projects. The chosen areas were called Eixo Monumental/Esplanada, Asa Norte and UnB. These places were chosen because they are older and more used. The proposed methodology approaches three phases: measurement of degradation, total damage factor survey and obtaining the cycle damage factor – FDC, this being the main objective of the work. It was possible to identify the anomalies in pavements. Finally, it was noticed that samples from the 5-year-old group were more damaged.
Levantamento das startups em construção civil no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Roberta Bastos de , Carvalho Michele Tereza Marques
Published: October 2021

The lack of innovation in construction is often pointed out as the main factor for its unimpressivedevelopment. Some factors can be considered responsible as the difficulty of changing the mentality of theprofessionals and the implementation of new practices, besides the lack of investment and incentive.Startups make up the innovation ecosystem and then emerge as a way of filling some gaps found in theexperience. This article aims to show how is the national scenario regarding the development of startupsin construction, construtechs, in the last two years, as well as the existing incentive policies. Themethodology used was the online search for keywords besides a systematic exploration of the sources forfeeding the database and then a comparison of the results obtained with international publications fromWeb of Science regarding the impact and necessity of innovations in the construction. Some breaks weredetected in the bases consulted, evidencing the lack of communication between the academy and theexperience, and the non-propagation of the growth that the country apparently presented. As acontribution, this article was able to identify existing gaps and how startups can and should be exploredand disseminated for the progress of construction in Brazil.
Diagnóstico do processo de licenciamento de obras de uma prefeitura de pequeno porte visando a implementação de tecnologias digitais
Authors: Schmitz Lucas , Lantelme Elvira Maria Vieira
Published: October 2021

Problemas como excesso de burocracia, atraso no cumprimento de prazos, falta de transparência e de agilidade e a precariedade da legislação são problemas apontados no Brasil em relação ao licenciamento de projetos e obras do setor da construção civil em diferentes cidades brasileiras. Algumas iniciativas vêm sendo implementadas em diferentes cidades no Brasil no sentido de agilidade e desburocratização, por meio da implementação de tecnologias digitais. Embora as iniciativas existentes, persistem questões que precisam ser investigadas e melhor compreendidas para que estas novas práticas possam ser replicadas em outras Prefeituras, especialmente nas cidades de pequeno e médio porte. Este artigo apresenta os resultados parciais de um projeto de pesquisa que visa identificar e avaliar boas práticas de gestão e tecnologias implementadas no licenciamento de projetos e obras nas cidades brasileiras, a fim de compilar requisitos para digitalização do licenciamento de obras em Prefeituras de pequeno e médio porte. Esse artigo apresenta os principais problemas e boas práticas identificadas na pesquisa, bem como os resultados de um diagnóstico do processo de licenciamento aplicado em uma prefeitura de pequeno porte no Rio Grande do Sul. O diagnóstico apontou que os mesmos problemas encontrados nas capitais brasileiras e apontados nas publicações foram identificados no estudo realizado, porém com impactos diferentes sobre o processo.
Culture conversion and six months interim outcomes in retreatment cases of pulmonary MDRTB- a six month interim analysis
Authors: Batool Rabab , Khan Sher Wali , Mohammad Imran  , Barry Zainab , Sheikh Zafar Ali
Published: October 2021

Background: Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDRTB) is difficult to treat form of TB, retreatment of MDRTB patients is a more difficult area as patients have modified drug resistant patterns, more number of least effective drugs on the regimen and the cure rates are low.
Objectives: The Objectives of this study were to estimate the time to culture conversion and factors associated with failure to culture conversion, six months interim outcomes and associated risk factors with poor interim outcomes in MDRTB patients who had been previously treated with second line drugs.
Methods:  The study was Prospective clinical case series study. All bacteriologically confirmed MDRTB retreatment patients enrolled between March-2016 to January-2017 at TB Clinic: The Indus Hospital and seven other Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (PMDT) sites (n=266) running under the umbrella of TB Clinic-The Indus Hospital were enrolled into the study.
Results:
Overall, 40.1% of MDR retreatment patients experienced poor interim outcome. Poor interim outcomes were significantly associated with higher number of drugs on the regimen, (OR= 1.27, 95% CI: 1.03-1.58) and high sputum smear grading (OR=4.56, 95% CI: 3.30-18.71). Almost 70.3% patients experienced culture conversion within initial six months of treatment.
 Conclusion:
The success rate of retreatment of MDRTB with conventional regimen is unacceptably low.  
Key words: Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis, Second Line Drugs, Culture Conversion, Interim Outcomes, Sputum Smear Microscopy
Keabsahan Hukum Pernikahan Tanpa Adanya Walimatul Ursy di Masa Kahar Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Marpi Yapiter
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

                This study aims to find out and discuss about the perspective of marriage reception is a food banquet in order to experience the same happiness as other receptions, it's just that he is sunnah and more important. One of the wisdoms of wedding receptions is to inform or advertise and publicize weddings. Regardless fuqaha disputes related opinions that are responsible for financing, whether charged to the bridegroom or the bride's bride's family. The government through the Ministry of Religion has issued a Circular Minister of Religion Number SE. 15 of 2020 concerning Guidelines for Organizing Religious Activities in Worship Houses in Realizing COVID Productive and Safe Communities in the Pandemic Period. Is a large-scale pembatasa for all activities including the wedding reception procession that can no longer be held in the crowded public. The reality has happened to people who want to have marriages are restricted and can no longer gather more than 5 people or more. Covid-19's time was not an obstacle to connecting friendship between the bride and groom's wedding which was held in a special way Walimatul Ursy during the Covid-19 pandemic. The problem highlighted in the community whether it would be legal if it was not published publicly as usual normally if the marriage ceremony had been held without a reception or Walimatul Ursy.

Keywords; Marriage law, Walimatul Ursy, period of force majeure.
Konsep Mardhatillah Metode Riyadhotun Nafs pada Maqamat Dalam Perspektif Para Sufah
Authors: Julaeha Siti , Muslim Erwin , Ahmad Nurwadjah , Suhartini Andewi
Published: October 2021

adbef d
Hukum Khitbah, Mahar Bagi Wanita yang Dicerai dan Muth’ah Tholaq
Authors: Anwar Miftakhul
Published: October 2021

This article discusses the interpretation of Q.S Al-Baqoroh verses 235-237 which discusses the law of khitbah, dowry for divorced women and muth'atut tholaq from the perspective of Imam Fakhruddin Ar-rozi's interpretation of mafatihul ghoyb. In this article explained the law of each of the laws of khitbah, dowry for divorced women and muth'atut tholaq. This commentary study includes a thematic interpretation model that discusses a certain maudhu/tem in the Qur'an. In this study the data obtained through a literature review and processed using a descriptive-comparative method. This study aims to provide an understanding and reduce disputes between two families experiencing problems of khitbah and divorce..
Ta'alluq, Takhalluq dan Tahaqquq sebagai Proses Meningkatkan Kualitas Jiwa Manusia
Authors: Ali Agus , Ahmad EQ Nurwadjah , Suhartini Andewi
Published: October 2021

In improving the quality of one's soul there are three stages that are carried out. First, doing Dhikr or Ta'alluq on God, that is, one must try to remember and bind the consciousness of the heart and mind to Allah. Wherever a Muslim cannot be free from dhikr and thinking). Second, Takhalluq, a person consciously imitates the attributes of God so that a believer has noble qualities as His attributes. This process can also be referred to as the process of internalizing the nature of God into human beings. In this regard, the Sufis usually rely on the Hadith of the Prophet which reads, "Takhallaqu bi akhlaqi Allah". Third, tahaqquq, that is, a person must be able to actualize his awareness and capacity as a believer or religious person who himself has been "dominated" by the attributes of God so that it is reflected in his pure and noble behavior.
Motivasi Belajar Mempengaruhi terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas V di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Simanjuntak Harlen
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine how much motivation to learn affects the learning outcomes of fifth grade students in elementary schools 064021 Medan City. The method used is a quantitative correlational method with data collection techniques by means of library research and field research through interviews, observations and documentation. With the results of the calculation of the correlation number of variable X (learning motivation) to the variable Y (learning outcomes) of 0.965. This means that the effect of learning motivation on student learning outcomes in grade V SDN 064021 Medan Helvetia Medan city is very high.
Yavuz Ahmet’in İbrahim’i Beklerken Adlı Öykü Kitabında Empati, İyilik ve İnsanîlik
Authors: ZARİÇ Mahfuz
Published: October 2021

Yavuz Ahmet (Koç), günümüz öykü ve roman yazarlarındandır. Onun 2018’de yayımlanan İbrahim’i Beklerken adlı öykü kitabında izlek ve kurgu açısından birbiriyle ilişkili dokuz öykü yer almaktadır. Modernden postmoderne öyküleyici anlatımın teknik imkânlarından yararlanan Yavuz Ahmet, yazarlık duruşu itibariyle söz konusu kitabında çağına tanıklık ederken aydınlanan ve aydınlatan bir tutum sergiler. Kudüs Öyküleri alt başlığını taşıyan bu eserde, Yahudi, Hristiyan, Ermeni, Müslüman… çeşitli dinlere mensup Kudüs insanlarının günlük yaşantılarına ve insani zayıflıkları eşliğinde iç dünyalarına ayna tutulmuştur.

Farklı veya benzer şekilde telaffuz edilse de bazı insan ve mekân adlarının sonuçta aynı kökenden geldiği, aynı manayı taşıyıp aynı değerlere karşılık geldiğini gösteren yazar, öykü kişilerini iyilik ve insanilik ortak paydasında buluşturmuştur. Yavuz Ahmet, empati kurmak olarak adlandırabileceğimiz sorumlu aydın tavrını düşünce yazılarında da sergilemiş, ülke içinde ve dışında gündemde olan bazı insani sorunlara yer vermiştir.

Yazar, öykülerinde empati duygusunu uyandırabilmek içinse farklı dinlere; farklı yaş, cinsiyet ve meslek gruplarına mensup kişileri anlatıcı, yansıtıcı bilinç veya merkezî karakter olarak seçmiştir. Ev hanımından İsrail polisine, üniversite öğrencisinden duvar ustasına farklı kimliklere sahip öykü kişileri, genel olarak ötekileştirme eylemi içinde bulunmamışlardır. Karakterler, insani zayıflıkları ve erdemleriyle iyiliklerde bulunan duyarlı, hassas insanlar olarak öykülerde yer almışlardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yavuz Ahmet, İbrahim’i Beklerken, tema, öykü
Geleneğin Gölgesinde Çocuk: Rıza Tekin Uğurel ve Çocuk İftarı Programları
Authors: BAYSAN Münire
Published: October 2021

Türk aile yapısında çocuğa verilen değer büyüktür. Doğumu, ad verilmesi, kırkı, ilk saç ve tırnak kesimi, ilk dişi, okula başlaması, sünneti gibi çocukların büyüme evrelerinde yapılan kutlamalar onlara verilen kıymetin ibâreleridir. Ramazan ayında yapılan etkinlikler de bu değerin idâmesidir.

Bu çalışmada Rıza Tekin Uğurel’ in, somut olmayan kültürel mirasın korunmasına dair yapmış olduğu çalışmalar hakkında bilgi verilerek bunlardan bir tanesi olan ve 1983 yılından beri yapılagelen Çocuk İftarı programları tanıtılmıştır.

Gazeteci, şâir, yazar, bestekâr aynı zamanda oyun yazarı ve Karagöz sanatçısı olan Uğurel tarafından 1983’ten beri her yıl kesintisiz olarak yapılan bu programlarda, çocuklara pek çok değer yaşatılarak aktarılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Ramazan mânileri, bilmeceler, fıkralar, tekerlemeler, atasözleri, deyimler, şarkılar, ilâhiler, sofra duası, Karagöz ve Ortaoyunu gibi Türk folkloruna ait pek çok unsura yer verilmektedir. Çalışmada, program içerisinde yer alan halk edebiyatı ve halk kültürüne dair unsurlar gözlem ve görüşme yöntemiyle tespit edilmiştir.
On the impact of dropsondes on the EC IFS model (Cy47r1) analysis of convection during OTREC
Authors: Sentić Stipo , Bechtold Peter , Fuchs-Stone Željka , Rodwell Mark , Raymond David J.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The Organization of Tropical East Pacific Convection (OTREC) field campaign, conducted August through October 2019, focuses on studying convection in the East Pacific and the Caribbean. An unprecedented number of dropsondes were deployed (648) during 22 missions to study the region of strong sea surface temperature (SST) gradients in the East Pacific region, the region just off the coast of Columbia, and in the uniform SST region in the southwest Caribbean. The dropsondes were assimilated in the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecast model. This study quantifies departures, observed minus the model value of a variable, in dropsonde denial experiments, and studies time series of convective variables: saturation fraction which measures moisture, and instability index and deep convective inhibition which quantify atmospheric stability and boundary layer stability to convection, respectively. Departures are small whether dropsondes are assimilated or not, except in a special case of a precursor to tropical storm Ivo where wind departures are significantly larger when dropsondes are not assimilated. Departures are larger in cloudy regions compared to cloud free regions when comparing a vertically integrated departure with a cloudiness estimation. Above mentioned variables are all well represented by the model when com- pared to observations, with some systematic deviations in and above the boundary layer. Time series of these variables show artificial convective activity in the model, in the East Pacific region off the coast of Costa Rica, which we hypothesize occurs due to overestimation of moisture content in that region.
Bringing the other back home: the translation of (un)familiar hybridity
Authors: Martín Ruano M. Rosario
Published: October 2021

Increasing migration and growing hybridation have fostered the emergence of new cross-cultural expressive forms that can hardly be considered in ‘national’ terms. The works written (mostly) in English by authors of Hispanic origin seem instead to inhabit the intercultural space of transla¬tion. The question is whether the translations (as usually conceived) of these works remain in an intercultural space. This article will examine the ver¬sions into Spanish of some of these hybrid works in order to determine how this (un)familiar Other is brought home: whether Otherness, difference and hybridity are maintained or neutralized. At least two models can be hinted at: one in which translation seems to return at the service of a ‘national’ literature; one which explores the possibilities of translation as an openly multicultural and multilingual space.
“A distortive glass of our distorted glebe”: mistranslation in Nabokov’s Ada
Authors: Taylor Juliette
Published: October 2021

This article examines the theme of mistranslation in Nabokov ’s Ada or Ardor: A Family Chronicle in the context of the novel’s multilingual style. Focusing on a selection of deliberate mistranslations carried out by the cen-tral protagonists, Van and Ada Veen, the article demonstrates that such playful mistranslation serves a function that is much more significant than mere parody. Though, on the surface, the mistranslations parody those forms of ‘paraphrastic’ or ‘free’ translation that Nabokov and his cha racters consistently critique throughout Ada, each instance of deliberately ‘bad’ translation also contains extremely inventive forms of interlingual mutation and play which have aesthetically-productive defamiliarising effects. The article relates those instances of explicit mistranslation to the overall style of the novel, arguing that problems of interlingual transfer and communication are intrinsic to the multilingual aesthetic of the novel as a whole.
L’interprétation sociale, une interdiscipline face à ses théories
Authors: Vermeiren Hildegard
Published: October 2021

This article intends to contribute to the theoretical status questionis concerning social interpreting. Starting point is the very name of the discipline, which refers to sociology as well to communication and linguistics. The purpose is to examine how each of these research areas offers a number of concepts relevant to social interpreting, in particular those concepts referring to the category “subject”. The path that we have chosen is twofold. First we explore the development of each of these disciplines and the ensuing creation of relevant concepts for our topic of investigation. Next, we analyse how these three sciences have learned and borrowed from each other and what the relevance of this can be for research into social interpreting. We conclude the article with a schematic overview showing the corresponding relevant concepts placed next to each other.
Synching and swimming naturally on the side – the translation of hesitation in dubbing
Authors: Romero Fresco Pablo
Published: October 2021

The traditional consideration of audiovisual translation (A VT) as con-strained translation has brought about, in the particular case of dubbing, a great deal of research on the different synchronies at play in this type of translation to the detriment of other equally essential issues such as the naturalness of dubbed dialogue. The aim of this study is to analyse the use of hesitation markers in dubbing in order to look precisely at the naturalness of dubbed dialogue while taking into account the audiovisual constraints. This analysis is carried out by comparing the dubbed dialogue (English-Spanish) of a popular American sitcom to the non-translated but prefabricated dialogue of a Spanish sitcom and finally to spontaneous conversation in Spanish. It is suggested that an approach focusing on the specificity of A VT rather than on its constraints enables not only the analysis of naturalness in dubbed dialogue but also the consideration of factors that can be as revealing as the audiovisual constraints, namely audiovisual leeway.
Audio Description from a discourse perspective: a socially relevant framework for research and training
Authors: Braun Sabine
Published: October 2021

The topic of this paper is Audio Description (AD) for blind and partially sighted people. I will outline a discourse-based approach to AD focussing on the role of mental modelling, local and global coherence, and different types of inferences (explicatures and implicatures). Applying these concepts to AD, I will discuss initial insights and outline questions for empirical research. My main aim is to show that a discourse-based approach to AD can provide an informed framework for research, training and practice.
Social and economic actors in the evaluation of translation technologies. Creating meaning and value when designing, developing and using translation technologies
Authors: Mihalache Iulia
Published: October 2021

Evaluation of translation technologies is a social activity, which involves the establishment of knowledge communities as well as the creation of competition to produce better tools. Companies developing translation technologies need to encourage the evaluation of their tools (through online forums, discussion lists, blogs, product communities, community translation, etc.), since evaluating the technology implies spreading and sharing knowledge about it; and sharing the same knowledge or the same modes of thinking and operation, rather than sharing the same material resources, represents the basis of future economic competition. When exchanging knowledge about technologies, translators engage in social activity: they express their opinions and feelings about the technologies they are using, they make judgments about the worth or value of a specific technology, they influence others’ decisions or they believe their thoughts will have an impact on decisions companies will make. This article investigates the use of translation technology evaluation criteria as they are represented in several translators’ communities and it calls for a multidisciplinary approach when analysing translation technologies adoption, use and evaluation.
In search of the recurrent units of translation
Authors: Macken Lieve
Published: October 2021

Translation memory systems aim to reuse previously translated texts. Be-cause the operational unit of the first-generation translation memory sys-tems is the sentence, such systems are only useful for text types in which full-sentence repetition frequently occurs. Second-generation sub-sentential translation memory systems try to remedy this problem by providing addi-tional translation suggestions for sub-sentential chunks. In this paper, we compare the performance of a sentence-based translation memory system (SDL Trados Translator’s Workbench) with a sub-sentential translation memory system (Similis) on different text types. We demonstrate that some text types (in this case, journalistic texts) are not suited to be translated by means of a translation memory system. We show that Similis offers useful additional translation suggestions for terminology and frequent multiword expressions.
Individual characteristics and daily activities in their environment that connected with musculoskeletal disorder in fishermen communities in Oesapa coastal area, Kupang City, Indonesia
Authors: Roga Anderias Umbu , Manongga Stefanus Pieter , Weraman Pius , Basri Muntasir , Selly Jannes Bastian
Published: October 2021

Introduction: A healthy environment is influenced by a population that is physically and mentally healthy. In particular, fishermen on the Oesapa coast have an active role in protecting the environment. The focus of this paper is on the physical health of fishermen in the area. Oesapa Coast is one of the biggest fishing villages in Kupang City. Most of the fishing communities in this area, still use traditional methods in the process of fishing. Every process in catching fish is still fully using fishermen. This can increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study aims to analyze the relationship between individual characteristics and daily activities with MSDs in fishermen. Methods: This research is an analytic descriptive study using a cross-sectional study. The number of respondents in this study was 30 men, all of whom were capture fishermen who were still actively working. Data on individual characteristics and fishing activities were obtained through questionnaires and direct observation, while MSDs were measured using the Nordic Body Map method. Result and discussion: The results showed that there was a relationship between BMI (p-value = 0.007; R = 0.480), years of service (p-value = 0.025; R = 0.408) and exercise habits (p-value = 0.017; OR = 0.431), with complaints MSDs in fishermen. Conclusion: BMI, work period, and exercise habits are factors related to MSDs in fishermen in the Oesapa Coastal region, therefore these factors need special attention so that MSDs in fishermen can be avoided.
KAŞKAYLARIN TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜ İÇERİSİNDEKİ YERİ
Authors: ÇELİK Muhittin , GÖKÇE Hüseyin
Published: October 2021

Kaşkay Türkleri İran coğrafyasında yaşayan önemli Türk boylarından biridir. Uzun bir süre göçebe hayat tarzını sürdüren Kaşkaylar, son dönemlerde yerleşik hayata geçmeye başlamışlardır. Kaşkayların yerleşik hayata geçmeleri kendilerine has birçok kültür varlığının da son bulmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Eski Türk kültürünün birçok özelliğini gördüğümüz Kaşkay Türklerinin kültür malzemeleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmanın başlıca amacı kaybolmak üzere olan Kaşkay kültür malzemesinin yazılı ortama aktarılmasıdır. Çalışmada Kaşkayların adı, kökeni, dili, idari yapısı, yaşadıkları coğrafya, giyim kuşamı, yiyecek içecekleri, el sanatları ve hayvancılıkları gibi çeşitli unsurlar ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada yer alan bilgilere çoğunlukla Kaşkay coğrafyasında yapılan görüşmeler neticesinde ulaşılmıştır.
Coreading Middlemarch in Pandemic Times: Using Digital Humanities to Build Community at a Distance
Authors: Colonnese Francesca , Kastrinos Nikita Willeford
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed a need for new practices of asynchronous reading that generate community. For the University of Washington's Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Research Cluster's 150th Anniversary Middlemarch Symposium, we created a digital edition of Middlemarch through Manifold, a digital humanities tool for e-editions, designed to encourage a practice we call “coreading.” By using digital annotation tools to build open communities of inquiry and crowd-sourced forms of knowledge, this practice decenters traditional forms of scholarship. Coreading allows us to explore the attachments that we form with literature—the affective, the personal and interpersonal, and the intellectual. In our explication of the Manifold Middlemarch project, we discuss the successes and setbacks of this collaborative community engagement, considering the question of what community and collaboration look like under pandemic circumstances, how digital humanities 2.0 projects can help us respond, and how coreading works as a solution for connection in unconnected times.
Middlemarch and the Sustaining Power of Nomenclature
Authors: Henry Nancy
Published: October 2021

This article provides a close reading of a passage in chapter 23 of Middlemarch, Fred's ride to the Houndsley horse fair, with particular attention to words such as “gay,” “determinate,” and “pleasure.”
Resíduos de serviços de saúde em centro cirúrgico: adequações com mensuração do custo
Authors: Alves Santos Giovana , Félix de Oliveira Magda Lúcia , Negrão Guassu Nogueira Danielly
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Identificar o custo das adequações necessárias a um centro cirúrgico para que este atenda à legislação brasileira vigente, que dispõesobre resíduos de serviços de saúde. Método: Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, de abordagem quantitativa na modalidade de estudo de caso do centrocirúrgico de um hospital universitário público. No protocolo, foi aplicada uma pesquisa documental, por meio de um check-list comparando a legislaçãobrasileira vigente com a realidade encontrada, mapeou-se o processo com a técnica do mapa-fluxograma. Utilizou-se como método de custeio o custo diretomédio. Resultados: Verificou-se o custo direto médio de R$ 7.891,25 para o hospital atender integralmente à legislação brasileira de resíduos de serviçosde saúde, com adequações de infraestrutura e aquisições de longa permanência e um adicional no custo mensal de R$ 542,38. Conclusão: Para todos osgrupos de resíduos de serviços de saúde do centro cirúrgico em estudo, são necessárias adequações a fim de atender à legislação, bem como articulaçãodos diversos gestores envolvidos no manejo e na mensuração dos custos relacionados aos resíduos para otimização de resultados econômicos em saúde.
Associação de peeling orgânico com sangria para rejuvenescimento
Authors: Lopes Daniela Oliveira
Published: October 2021

O presente estudo versa sobre o uso do peeling orgânico intercalado com mescla de sangria para rejuvenescimento, a fim de que se consiga uma eficácia no tratamento de rejuvenescimento em região diversificada.
FEASIBILITY OF VISIBLE SHORT-WAVE INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY TO CHARACTERIZE REGOLITH-HOSTED RARE EARTH ELEMENT MINERALIZATION
Authors: Tan Wei , Qin Xiaorong , Liu Jiacheng , Zhou Mei-Fu , He Hongping , Yan Wang Christina , Huang Jian , Zhu Jianxi , Yao Yuzeng , Cudahy Thomas
Published: October 2021

Regolith-hosted rare earth element (REE) deposits predominate global resources of heavy REEs. Regoliths are underlain by various types of igneous rocks and do not always host economically valuable deposits. Thus a feasible and convenient method is desired to identify REE mineralization in a particular regolith. This study presents a detailed visible short-wave infrared reflectance (VSWIR) spectroscopic study of the Renju regolith-hosted REE deposit, South China, to provide diagnostic parameters for targeting REE orebodies in regoliths. The results show that the spectral parameters, M794_2nd and M800_2nd, derived from the VSWIR absorption of Nd3+ at approximately 800 nm, can be effectively used to estimate the total REE concentrations in regolith profiles. M1396_2nd/M1910_2nd ratios can serve as proxies to evaluate weathering intensities in a regolith. Abrupt changes of specific spectral features related to mineral abundances, chemical compositions, and weathering intensities can be correlated with variations of protolith that formed a regolith. These VSWIR proxies are robust and can be used for exploration of regolith-hosted REE deposits.
Perancangan Aplikasi Pengamanan Data Text dengan Menggunakan Algoritma Simetri TEA (Tiny Encryption Algorithm)
Authors: Purba Tini Octaviani , Sembiring Abdul Sani
Published: October 2021

Keamanan data merupakan salah satu aspek terpenting dalam teknologi informasi. Dengan tingkat keamanan yang tinggi, diharapkan informasi yang disajikan dapat terjaga keasliannya. Pada tugas akhir ini dibentuk suatu system yang mengamankan data dan informasi yang tersimpan pada computer dari gangguan para kriptanalis.Tahapan yang penulis lakukan untuk melakukan proses pembentukan sistem tersebut meliputi tahapan analisa permasalahan, algoritma dan flowchart beserta pemodelan struktur program dan desain antar muka aplikasi, sehingga aplikasi yang terbentuk menjadi mudah dipergunakan dan memiliki fungsi yang optimal. Dengan menggunakan Algoritma TEA yang merupakan algortim. Algoritma ini merupakan algoritma penyandian block cipher yang dirancang untuk penggunaan memori yang seminimal mungkin dengan kecepatan proses yang maksimal. Sistem ini dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Visual Basic .Net 2008.
SISTEM INFORMASI SIMPAN PINJAM PADA CREDIT UNION (C.U) ATE KELENG SIBOLANGIT
Authors: Peranginangin Ayu Melina , Malau Emerson Porman
Published: October 2021

Komputer memberikan satu solusi yang tepat dalam menghasilkan informasi yang terkini. Seperti halnya yang terjadi dalam setiap perusahaan, baik perusahaan milik pemerintah maupun swasta relatif banyak terjadi transaksi, sehingga diperlukan database yang dapat menyimpan dan mengolah data tersebut secara efisien, cepat dan dapat digunakan kapan saja bila diperlukan. C.U Ate Keleng Sibolangit adalah lembaga keuangan swasta yang bergerak di bidang jasa simpan pinjam. Kegiatannya C.U Ate Keleng Sibolangit tidak terlepas dari transaksi simpan pinjam nasabah, makaÂ  dibutuhkan sistem komputerisasi agar transaksi-transaksi berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini yang membuat saya ingin mengatasi kelemahan-kelemahan dari sistem kerja manual yang berjalan selama ini. Software ini berisi data-data nasabah yang akan melakukan simpan pinjam. Software ini menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Visual Basic 2010 dan Microsoft Access 2007 sebagai database