bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a comprehensive assessment technique to invigorate students' problem-solving skills and deter cheating
Authors: Alemayehu Fisseha M , Logan Micah M , Barhorst Alan
Published: October 2015

It is a long-standing belief of most instructors that the assignment of graded homework to students is very useful in the process of teaching fundamental engineering courses. Results of several studies have also revealed that working on homework assignments with a significant independent effort enables students to develop higher cognitive level creative problem solving skills that they need in school (for example, to perform better in exams) and as practicing engineers. However, the availability and use of textbook solution manuals and other unapproved outside sources have hindered students from achieving the skills. Previous studies indicated that almost 90% of students used text book solution manuals at least once without permission and students with no access to solution manuals performed better than those who have. These two findings indicate that there is a need for developing alternative techniques that can possibly enhance homework assignments in order to stimulate the independent creative problem-solving skills of students. In this project, readily available and new alternate techniques to enhance traditional homework assignments have been identified, and a novel comprehensive assessment technique has been developed and implemented. The impact and effectiveness of the technique has been studied via conducting a survey and the comparison of exam averages of three semesters with and without the implementation of the technique. The results indicate that the technique helps deter cheating enhances critical thinking and problem solving skills of students and improve their performance in exams. Furthermore, the implementation of the technique is believed to have boosted students learning of the material of an undergraduate Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics course given at a large public university.
Determining fitness to drive among drivers with Alzheimer’s disease or cognitive decline
Authors: Unsworth Carolyn , Chan Siew-Pang
Published: October 2015

Introduction

Fitness to drive skills progressively deteriorate following a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease/cognitive decline. Occupational therapists require standardised assessments to help them make recommendations to clients and licensing authorities regarding client fitness to drive. This research aimed to determine whether drivers in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease/cognitive decline can drive safely, and if this could be predicted using the occupational therapy – driver off-road assessment battery (OT-DORA Battery).

Method

Drivers with Alzheimer’s disease/cognitive decline were assessed by one of nine driver assessors over 18 months. Client data were collected on the OT-DORA Battery and following on-road assessment; the outcome was recorded as pass, pass with conditions, or fail.

Results

A total of 63 clients were assessed, and n  =  40 (63.5%) were passed as fit to drive, of whom 33(83%) had at least one condition placed on their licence. Client age and scores on four subtests of the OT-DORA Battery were predictive of outcome.

Conclusion

A diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease/cognitive decline should not automatically preclude driving. Scores on four of the subtests from the OT-DORA Battery may be used to help determine whether a client is fit to drive or not fit to drive, or whether a client should be referred for specialist occupational therapy driver assessment.
Variability of the characteristics of a migraine attack within patients
Authors: Viana M , Sances G , Ghiotto N , Guaschino E , Allena M , Nappi G , Goadsby PJ , Tassorelli C
Published: October 2015

Background

Migraine attacks may present different features in different patients and also within the same patient. The percentage of patients reporting stereotyped attacks and those reporting attacks with different phenotypes has not been the object of specific investigations.

Objective

The objective of this article is to evaluate the percentage of migraine patients reporting the same characteristics, in terms of phenotype and response to symptomatic medications on three consecutive migraine attacks.

Methods

Thirty patients with migraine without aura prospectively recorded the features of three consecutive attacks in a headache diary. Characteristics recorded were: pain intensity, presence of nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophophia, osmophobia, allodynia, cranial autonomic symptoms (at least one), and premonitory symptoms. Patients were allowed to take frovatriptan as symptomatic medication, whose efficacy was evaluated as the two hours pain-free status.

Results

None of the patients presented identical characteristics on the three studied attacks. This was still the case if we reduced the number of variables evaluated from 11 to seven of the eight core features indicated by the ICHD. Considering just six variables: unilaterality and quality of pain, presence/absence of nausea, vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia, only two patients (6%) had identical features on three consecutive attacks. With respect to the response to frovatriptan, 39% of patients had the same response, either positive (i.e. pain free after two hours) or negative (i.e. not pain free after two hours) on three consecutive attacks.

Conclusion

Migraine attacks show a high variability not just among patients, but also within the same patient. Our data indicate that stereotypy of attacks is uncommon, and reinforces the underlying logic of the current operational classification system.
Assessing the Efficacy of a Breastfeeding-Friendly Quality Improvement Project in a Large Federally Qualified Health Center Network
Authors: Rosen-Carole Casey , Waltermaurer Eve , Goudreault Monet , Larimer Allison , Pokharel-Wood Miriam , Rajupet Sritha , Kouba Nafila
Published: October 2015

Background:

Provider attitudes can influence breastfeeding decision making, initiation, and duration, although much of this research has suffered from a “hospital-limited view.”

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a Breastfeeding-Friendly Initiative (BFI) on knowledge and attitudes of providers and staff, as well as breastfeeding rates of patients within a large Federally Qualified Health Center network with no lactation consultants on staff.

Methods:

We evaluated breastfeeding rates before and throughout the BFI. In addition, surveys of 136 primary care providers and staff before and after they were exposed to a breastfeeding education module were assessed to measure changes in breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes.

Results:

Breastfeeding initiation and duration improved over the course of the BFI, with mean breastfeeding duration increasing by nearly 1 month following the education module compared with baseline rates ( P = .01). Following participation in the breastfeeding education module, we observed a statistically significant improvement in provider and staff knowledge ( P < .01) and attitudes ( P < .01). These improvements were consistent across employment type, gender, geography, and personal experience as a parent.

Conclusion:

Implementing a BFI in a large multispecialty primary care network was found to improve breastfeeding initiation and duration up to 1 year, with a further increase in breastfeeding duration of 1 month following a 45-minute staff education module. After exposure to this module, health care providers and staff across our network improved in breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes. Given that expectant and new mothers regularly come into contact with staff and providers in primary care, sound knowledge and positive attitudes toward breastfeeding appear to have had a favorable effect on mothers that correlates with improved breastfeeding duration.
Synergistic effect of aryl heterocyclic aluminum phosphate and sodium laurate on non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of isotactic polypropylene
Authors: Liu Yufei , Zhang Kai , Fu Guang , He Wentao , Qin Shuhao , Yu Jie
Published: October 2015

Kinetics of non-isothermal crystallization of isotactic polypropylene (iPP)/nucleating agent blends was studied for the nucleation mechanism. Avrami, Jeziorny, and correctional Friedman methods were applied to analyze the non-isothermal crystallization of the iPP/aryl heterocylic aluminum phosphate/sodium laurate (iPP/AHP-Al/L-Na) blends. For a given cooling rate of 10°C min−1, the onset temperature ( To) and crystallization temperature ( Tc) of the iPP/AHP-Al/L-Na blends increased by 4.19°C and 3.57°C, respectively, compared to iPP/L-Na. The To and Tc of iPP/AHP-Al/L-Na blends increased by 2.13°C and 1.79°C, respectively, compared to iPP/AHP-Al, when the AHP-Al mass fraction reached 1.2‰. The effective activation barrier (Δ E) for non-isothermal crystallization was the least when the AHP-Al mass fraction was 0.8‰. The value of the initial slope of the exotherm increased with the addition of AHP-Al monotonically. All these findings indicated that AHP-Al could improve the initial crystallization rate and also that the addition of AHP-Al/L-Na reduced the Δ E for non-isothermal crystallization. It is speculated that an ion exchange reaction between AHP-Al and L-Na occurs during the mixing process and could be possible that this results in the generation of a more efficient nucleating agent.
2,3,3′,4′-Oxydiphthalic dianhydride-based phenylethynyl-terminated imide oligomers for low-temperature resin transfer molding applications
Authors: Meng Xiangsheng , Zheng Yan , Yan Jingling , Li Yunhui , Wang Zhen , Li Guodong
Published: October 2015

A series of imide resins were prepared using 2,3,3′,4′-oxydiphthalic dianhydride, 4-phenylethynylphthalic anhydride, and aromatic diamines (1, 3-bis(3-aminophenoxy), 3,4′-oxyaniline, 2,2′-bis (trifluoromethyl) benzidine, and m-phenylenediamine) as starting materials. These imide oligomers were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, intrinsic viscosity measurements, and rheological measurements. Some of these oligomers exhibited low (<1 Pa·s at 250°C) and stable (>2 h at 250°C) melt viscosity, which was highly desirable for resin transfer molding process. Thermosetting polyimides (PIs) were then produced from these oligomers via thermal cross-linking reaction of phenylethynyl group. The properties of the thermosets were studied using tensile and flexural testing, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. The cured PIs exhibited a good combination of thermal and mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 31–76 MPa, flexural strength of 38–142 MPa, glass transition temperatures of 233–358°C, and 5% weight loss temperatures of 540–545°C under nitrogen atmosphere.
Controlled variation of monomer sequence distribution in the synthesis of aromatic poly(ether ketone)s
Authors: Lim Kate JC , Cross Paul , Mills Peter , Colquhoun Howard M
Published: October 2015

The effects of varying the alkali metal cation in the high-temperature nucleophilic synthesis of a semi-crystalline, aromatic poly(ether ketone) have been systematically investigated, and striking variations in the sequence distributions and thermal characteristics of the resulting polymers were found. Polycondensation of 4,4′-dihydroxybenzophenone with 1,3-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)benzene in diphenylsulphone as solvent, in the presence of an alkali metal carbonate M2CO3 ( M = Li, Na, K, or Rb) as base, affords a range of different polymers that vary in the distribution pattern of two-ring and three-ring monomer units along the chain. Lithium carbonate gives an essentially alternating and highly crystalline polymer, but the degree of sequence randomization increases progressively as the alkali metal series is descended, with rubidium carbonate giving a fully random and non-thermally crystallizable polymer. Randomization during polycondensation is shown to result from reversible cleavage of the ether linkages in the polymer by fluoride ions, and an isolated sample of alternating sequence polymer is thus converted to a fully randomized material on heating with rubidium fluoride.
Optimisation of a 180° U-shaped bend shape for a turbine blade cooling passage leading to a pressure loss coefficient of approximately 0.6
Authors: Namgoong Howoong , Ireland Peter , Son Changmin
Published: October 2015

The U-bend which turns flow through 180° is encountered in many applications in mechanical and aerospace engineering systems. One important example occurs in modern turbine blade cooling systems, where the internal cooling passages is threaded radially outwards and inwards to form a multi-pass arrangement where straight passages are connected with U-bends. The main purpose of the present investigation was to focus on finding a 3D U-bend configuration with minimum pressure loss using the 3D CAD-based surface parameterisation method. The design of experiment technique and surrogate design space model were successfully applied by the authors, as opposed to direct numerical optimisation, to reduce the computational cost. A standard Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) computational fluid dynamics method with the Spalart–Allmaras one equation turbulence model was selected for. Even though the simple RANS with the one equation turbulence model cannot simulate the highly complex U-bend flow physics precisely, the optimisation process was able to identify an optimum U-bend configuration which achieved a 63.3% pressure loss reduction, relative to the datum configuration, yielding the lowest loss U-bend in the literature. The authors also performed careful experiments to confirm their predictions and the performance of the optimum U-bend configuration identified by this work was validated.
Sequential integrated antenatal screening for Down’s syndrome, trisomy 18 and trisomy 13
Authors: Bestwick Jonathan P , Wald Nicholas J
Published: October 2015

Objective

To estimate the performance of antenatal sequential Integrated screening for Down’s syndrome (DS), trisomy 18 (T18) and trisomy 13 (T13), in which women have first trimester testing for each disorder; those above specified risk cut-offs are screen-positive, and the remainder continue to Integrated testing, using first and second trimester screening markers together.

Methods

Published screening marker parameters and Monte Carlo simulation were used to calculate detection rates (DR’s) and risk cut-off levels for specified false-positive rates (FPR’s), and DR’s and FPR’s for specified risk cut-offs. We compared this screening performance with that based on all women having Integrated tests.

Results

Sequential Integrated DS screening detects 71% of DS pregnancies at the first trimester stage at a 0.5% FPR. For an overall 2% FPR, the DS DR is 92%, the same screening performance as the Integrated test performed on all women. Sequential Integrated T18 and T13 screening detects 70% of T18 and 53% of T13 pregnancies at the first trimester stage at a 0.05% FPR for each. The overall T18 and T13 DR’s are 96% and 72% respectively at 0.2% FPR, the same screening performance as with Integrated tests performed on all women. Increasing the overall FPR’s does not materially increase the DR’s for any of the three disorders.

Conclusion

The performance of sequential Integrated screening is similar to the performance if all women have an Integrated test, but has the advantage of identifying most DS, T18, and T13 pregnancies a few weeks earlier.
Are Newspapers’ Online Discussion Boards Democratic Tools or Conspiracy Theories’ Engines? A Case Study on an Eastern European “Media War”
Authors: Slavtcheva-Petkova Vera
Published: October 2015

This article analyzes quantitatively and qualitatively 1,583 comments by national newspapers’ online readers in Bulgaria. It investigates readers’ reactions to articles discussing the media war between the biggest press groups—one owned by a Member of Parliament known as “the Murdoch of the East.” The study explores how these stories influence the relationship between newspapers and their readers, and whether they enhance the democratic potential of online discussion. The results show a higher level of reader engagement than in established democracies or nondemocracies. The online space provides an arena for democratic conversations and it is also used as an engine for conspiracy theories.
Radiotherapy in Gorlin Syndrome
Authors: Baker Sarah , Joseph Kurian , Tai Patricia
Published: October 2015

Gorlin syndrome, also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with multiple manifestations including early onset of cutaneous basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). Radiotherapy has traditionally been contraindicated due to reports of BCC induction. We describe here a patient treated successfully with radiotherapy with no tumour induction at 57 months of follow-up. A comprehensive literature review of radiotherapy outcomes in patients with Gorlin syndrome suggests radiotherapy may be a feasible treatment option for adult patients with treatment refractory lesions or surgical contraindication.
Music instruction for elementary students with moderate to severe cognitive impairments: A case study
Authors: Salvador Karen
Published: October 2015

Although elementary general music specialists teach students with a variety of exceptionalities every day (Chen, 2007; Hahn, 2010; Hoffman, 2011), many music teacher preparation programs do not adequately address exceptionality (Salvador, 2010). Articles regarding “strategies that work” appear perennially in the professional literature (e.g., Hammel, 2004), but these strategies have seldom been the subject of empirical research in peer-reviewed literature, and none of these articles pertain to how music teachers modify instruction to meet the needs of students with moderate to severe cognitive impairments (CI) who attend music with their self-contained categorical classes. This qualitative study details the practices of an elementary general music teacher with regard to music instruction of students with moderate to severe CI, both when these students were included with their fourth-grade peers and also when they attended music with their self-contained class.
The Emotional Significance of Punishment
Authors: Deigh John
Published: October 2015

The article explains the emotional significance of punishment in the law and in common life.
Fifty shades of gray: Bone disease in renal transplantation
Authors: Wong Jiunn , Tan Matthew Zhen-Wei , Chandran Manju
Published: October 2015

Kidney transplantation is the renal replacement therapy of choice for patients with end stage renal disease. Advances in technology, surgical techniques and pharmacotherapy have improved renal allograft survival. Increasingly, we are seeing long term side effects related to renal transplantation, bone disease being a major one amongst them. Renal transplant patients have a higher risk of fragility fractures even when compared to those who remain on dialysis. This is likely to be related to pre-existing underlying bone disease and the emergence of new metabolic bone problems post-transplant. Conditions such as persistent hyperparathyroidism and the use of certain immunosuppressive agents have a deleterious effect on the post renal transplant bone.

Remarkable advances in the field of metabolic bone research have been made in the last decade and newer imaging techniques, biomarkers and therapeutic options are now available for osteoporosis in the general population. Interest is being focused on attempting to extrapolate these new discoveries to the management of bone disease post renal transplant. This review will briefly describe the metabolic bone changes that occur after transplantation and will provide an update on the currently available investigative options and therapeutic strategies for the management of post renal transplant bone disease.
Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Ethanol Extract of Rosa canina L. fruit on Diabetic Rats
Authors: Taghizadeh Mohsen , Rashidi Ali Akbar , Taherian Ali Akbar , Vakili Zarichehr , Sajad Sajadian Mohammad , Ghardashi Mostafa
Published: October 2015

Rosa canina L. (Rosaceae) has been traditionally used as a medicinal plant. This study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of Rosa canina fruit extract in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The results showed oral administration of Rosa canina fruit extract significantly ameliorated the high levels of blood glucose compared with the control group. Serum triglyceride levels significantly decreased by the administration of Rosa canina extract compared with control. Histopathological examinations showed that the Rosa canina extract improved islets necrotic and regenerated pancreatic islet cells. Rosa canina extract has the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
The Psychosocial and Emotional Experience of Breastfeeding
Authors: Dietrich Leurer Marie , Misskey Eunice
Published: October 2015

Breastfeeding is acknowledged as optimal infant nutrition, yet despite high initiation rates, early cessation remains common. To understand why, we asked mothers in Western Canada how they felt about their breastfeeding experience. A total of 191 women (response rate 35%) responded to a survey distributed by public health nurses. While many women felt positive about their overall breastfeeding experience, others shared mixed or negative emotions. Several themes were evident: (a) Most women reported a variety of positive aspects beyond the health benefits, (b) lactation difficulties were commonly reported, and (c) diversity among the reflections highlights the uniqueness of each breastfeeding journey. The findings reaffirm the need for breastfeeding programs to holistically promote the range of positive aspects while providing realistic information on common challenges and strategies to overcome these. Mothers require individualized support that assesses psychosocial and emotional needs and offers encouragement, reassurance, and acknowledgment of the range of experiences.
Concept complexity W. Weawer differ from the modern scientists
Authors: Журавлева  , Zhuravleva A. , Еськов  , Eskov V. , Гудкова  , Gudkova S. , Филатова  , Filatova D.
Published: October 2015

The present paper shows that the term “complexity” includes absolutely different notions than now it seems to be presented in modern science and philosophy. Postnon-classics has come to this new recognition too close, but, actually, it is a new recognition of uncertainty for systems of the third type (not deterministic and not stochastic). We introduce the interpretation of a type I uncertainty that implies that stochastic methods show systems identified, but methods of the theory of chaos and self-organization and neurocomputing show significant difference of target systems (processes). With specific examples presented uncertainty of type 1 and gives an idea of the uncertainty of type 2, when the distribution function f (x) for different samples are the same. At the same neuro-computers not only divides the sample, but also shows the order parameters. In this case, at the same time solve the problem of system synthesis, which in society is now very difficult to solve (the basic model of social relations now – it´s deterministic society).
Two-cluster model trёhkompartmentnye tremor in Parkinson´s disease
Authors: Майстренко  , Maystrenko E. , Третьяков  , Tretyakov S. , Даянова  , Dayanova D. , Черников  , Chernikov N.
Published: October 2015

The scope of compartment-cluster theory of biosystems is in modeling of voluntariness (or involuntariness) of postural tremor and occurs due to the changes in external control drives Ud from 1st (supervisor) cluster. In this case, there are variations in the frequency response and autocorrelation functions, which is typical for tremorogramm of postural tremor and in case of Parkinson´s disease. The voluntariness of the tremor may occur only in the change of quasiattractors’ parameters in models (changing dissipation coefficient b), that is observed in changes of phy-siological states in the organism (con sciously).
Features stochastics and chaos theory processing myogram
Authors: Горбунов  , Gorbunov D. , Эльман  , Elman Kseniya , Гавриленко  , Gavrilenko T. , Григоренко  , Grigorenko V.
Published: October 2015

In studies using the method of multi-dimensional phase space. In the study and modeling of complex biological objects (complexity) there is the possibility of introducing traditional physical methods in biological research and new methods based on chaos theory, self-organization. The paper shows the feasibility of applying the method of multi-dimensional phase space as a quantitative measure for the evaluation of chaotic dynamics on the example of the muscles (flexor of the little finger). As a measure of the state of the neuromuscular system of the person (weak muscle tension and strong, almost the maximum force) used quasi-attractors volumes of multidimensional phase space. This enables identification of the actual measurements of the parameters of the functional state with weak muscles (p = 5th Dan) and strong (P = 10 daN) static stress. Was built timebase signal obtained with myograph and were built autocorrelation function A (t) signal. In the end analysis of the biomechanical system based on a comparison of volume quasi-attractor, as well as on the basis of analysis of the Shannon entropy N. kzvaziattraktora volume displacement at low load is slightly less than the same amount of displacement under a heavy load of flexor muscles of the little finger, just as the values of the Shannon entropy at a heavy load is increased as compared with the values obtained by the weak muscle load.
Dynamics parameters of human psychophysiological functions under conditions of latitudinal shifts
Authors: Буров  , Burov I. , Поскина  , Poskina T. , Филатов  , Filatov M. , Стрельцова  , Streltsova T.
Published: October 2015

Adaptation is a fundamental property of organisms, which purpose is to keep quasi-attractors parameters within certain limits providing non equilibrium open systems in quasiattractor state. Parameter mismatch of functional systems, desynchronization of circadian rhythms, stability reduction of regulatory mechanisms in the conditions of the North are caused with extreme envi-ronmental parameters, chaotic oscillations of temperature and barometric modes, or socio-economic (information) changes. However, we can get the greatest expectations in this field by monitoring child population and older adults, as these are the most dangerous age groups in terms of sensitivity to ecological factors of Ugra. It is obvious that frequent vibrational motions of the state vector of the human organism do not allow it entering the stable quasi-attractor. For instance, long-term re-gimes of monotonous work, significant physical load or mental stress with short rest periods do not allow keeping the state vector of the human organism in quasi-attractors and accelerate the motion of quasi-attractor centers in the field of the mortal oscillatory rate.
Is the association between unhealthy weight and academic performance influenced by children’s physical activity level?
Authors: Santana Carla , Azevedo Liane , Ferreira Lisianny , Neves Pedro , Prado Edna , Prado Wagner
Published: October 2015

The purpose of this study was to verify the association between unhealthy weight and academic performance and the influence of physical activity level (PAL) in elementary school children. This study was conducted with 450 elementary school students (50% girls) enrolled in 1st to 4th grades. PAL was assessed by self-reported questionnaire of typical physical activity and daily food intake (DAFA). <span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,serif; mso-fareast-font-family: ";Arial Unicode MS";; mso-hansi-font-family: ";Arial Unicode MS";; mso-bidi-font-family: ";Times New Roman";; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">Academic achievement (Portuguese and Mathematics) was estimated based on the academic performance system of public schools from Recife/Brazil. Binary logistic regression was used to verify the association between unhealthy weight (underweight and overweight) and normal weight with academic performance. The results showed that 26.6% of the students presented overweight, 11.1% presented underweight, 49.1% and 50.9% were classified as high and low PAL, respectively. In addition, 56.9% had sufficient academic performance in Portuguese and 51.1% had sufficient academic performance in Mathematics. Students with overweight presented higher odds for insufficient  performance in Portuguese when compared to normal weight counterparts, even when adjusted for reported PAL, gender and age (OR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.08-2.64). The results corroborate with evidences that unhealthy weight is associated with poor academic performance in children.
Desigualdades socioeconômicas na percepção do ambiente de mobilidade ativa
Authors: Santana Angélica , Oliveira Maria , Guerra Ricardo , Martins Paula
Published: October 2015

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a percepção do ambiente relacionado à mobilidade ativa pela população de Santos (São Paulo, Brasil), comparando distintas regiões do município caracterizadas por diferentes níveis socioeconômicos. Foram escolhidos de forma proporcional e aleatória 10 setores censitários da cidade de Santos.  Em cada setor foi realizado a aplicação do questionário<span style="line-height: 200%; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (News - Brasil). Para coletada de dados foram abordados 30 indivíduos de cada setor avaliado, sendo estas pessoas que circulavam na rua e se identificavam como moradoras do setor, assim, a amostra foi composta por 300 indivíduos. Na análise dos dados foi utilizada análise fatorial exploratória a fim de reduzir os parâmetros avaliados em fatores compostos. Foi verificada a diferença dos fatores observados em cada região do município por meio do teste de <span style="line-height: 200%; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;">Kruskal-Wallis. Houve diferenças significativas entre os setores de maior e menor nível socioeconômico. O setor de maior nível socioeconômico apresenta a percepção positiva sobre a proximidade dos estabelecimentos, a existência de facilitadores para a prática de atividades físicas e a segurança relacionada ao tráfego e à criminalidade quando comparado com o de menor nível socioeconômico que teve percepção positiva em relação a proximidade de locais de lazer e segurança com a vizinhança.  Deste modo, observa-se que a houve  desigualdade socioeconômica na percepção do ambiente construído podendo esta influenciar o nível de atividade física da população, havendo assim, necessidade de mais estudos e revisão no planejamento de políticas públicas relacionadas à construção e manutenção de facilitadores da prática de atividade física no ambiente urbano.  
Programa Universidade Aberta para a Terceira Idade: avaliação do programa por meio do modelo RE-AIM
Authors: Binotto Maria , Milistetd Michel , Benedetti Tânia , Almeida Fabio
Published: October 2015

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o programa Universidade Aberta para a Terceira Idade, por meio do modelo RE-AIM. O programa desenvolve ações de promoção de saúde, bem-estar físico e mental e interação social, proporcionando assim melhorias na qualidade de vida de idosos do município de Irati-PR e região. Para avaliação do programa utilizou-se o modelo RE-AIM, uma ferramenta desenvolvida para avaliar o efeito de programas de intervenção em ambientes construídos e propõe esta avaliação a partir de cinco dimensões: Alcance, Eficácia/Efetividade, Adoção, Implementação e Manutenção em nível organizacional e/ou individual. É um instrumento traduzido e adaptado para a realidade brasileira. Foram analisadas as informações obtidas em vídeos, relatórios e documentos institucionais. Os resultados demonstraram, que o programa apesar de ser antigo, possui Adoção e Alcance baixos, não apresenta instrumentos que avaliem a Efetividade do programa, apresenta um custo para que suas ações sejam desenvolvidas, não há participação efetiva de docentes de diferentes áreas do conhecimento e não há resultados em relação à manutenção em nível individual. Apesar destes aspectos observados, não há dúvidas que os programas vinculados as Universidades Abertas para Terceira Idade em Instituições de Ensino Superior, no Brasil, são estratégias valiosa no intuito de promover melhorias no processo de envelhecimento. No entanto, é imprescindível que avaliações constantes sejam efetivadas e ações conjuntas de extensão, ensino e pesquisa sejam realizadas, buscando assegurar a condução dos programas com objetivos sustentados metodológica e cientificamente.
Nurses' perceptions of self-management in renal care
Authors: Matthews Theresa , Trenoweth Steve
Published: October 2015

Self-management is vital for patients with long-term conditions in order to ensure wellbeing. It needs to be supported by a healthcare workforce who are knowledgeable and able to work in collaboration with individuals. In this study, ten nurses were selected by means of exclusion/inclusion criteria and then interviewed with a semi-structured approach. Following analysis of the data with an open, axial and selective coding process, clear themes emerged: expectation of roles, lack of confidence and concerns with risk-taking. There were a number of concerns around engaging with self-management for this group of nurses, including a lack of knowledge and skills to assess the suitability of patients for self-management and subsequently to offer support, and concerns that self-management would be too unsafe in a renal setting. This study suggests that nurses would need education in strategies to support and implement self-management. Further studies should be undertaken to explore this possibility with renal patients admitted to the ward.
To whistleblow, or not—and dealing with the repercussions
Authors: Mendes Aysha
Published: October 2015

In this month's column, Aysha Mendes discusses the moral distress a nurse may experience when witnessing care that he or she feels is not up to standard—and being faced with the decision about whether or not to blow the whistle, as well as what the consequences could be
No association between seniority of surgeon and postoperative recurrence of chronic subdural haematoma
Authors: Phang I , Sivakumaran R , Papadopoulos MC
Published: October 2015

Introduction

Neurosurgical trainees should achieve competency in chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) drainage at an early stage in training. The effect of surgeon seniority on recurrence following surgical drainage of CSDH was examined.

Methods

All CSDH cases performed at St George’s Hospital in London between March 2009 and March 2012 were analysed. Recurrence was defined as clinical deterioration with computed tomography evidence of CSDH requiring reoperation within six months. The following risk factors were considered: seniority of primary and supervising surgeons, timing of surgery (working hours, outside working hours), patient related factors (age, antiplatelets, warfarin) and operative factors (general vs local anaesthesia, burr holes vs craniotomy, drain use). For recurrent cases, we examined the distance of the cranial opening from the thickest part of the CSDH.

Results

A total of 239 patients (median age: 79 years, range: 33–98 years) had 275 CSDH drainage operations. The overall recurrence rate was 13.1%. The median time between the initial procedure and reoperation was 16 days (range: 1–161 days). The only statistically significant risk factor for recurrence was antiplatelets (odds ratio: 2.62, 95% confidence interval: 1.13–6.10, p<0.05). Warfarin, grade of surgeon, timing of surgery, type of anaesthesia, type of operation and use of drains were not significant risk factors. In 26% of recurrent CSDH cases, the burr holes or craniotomy flaps were placed with borderline accuracy.

Conclusions

CSDH drainage is a suitable case for neurosurgical trainees to perform without increasing the chance of recurrence.
An ethnographic study of glocal fashion communication in Hong Kong and Greater China
Authors: Tse Ho-Lun Tommy
Published: October 2015

The rise of fashion businesses in mainland China and Hong Kong and the growth in their brands is attracting the attention of international fashion conglomerates. For this article recent case studies of socio-historical, economic and cultural influences in the Greater China region were revisited applying communication, media and cultural studies theories. Observation and interviews were conducted in an attempt to reveal the nuanced process of fashion communication in Hong Kong’s fashion industry. The primary research data were collected through participant observation at a Hong Kong fashion magazine in 2011 which involved interviews with sixteen senior Asia-Pacific fashion marketers. The interview responses demonstrate the complexity of the interplay with Asian socioeconomic and cultural factors, and confirm that fashion marketing in Hong Kong today involves the appropriation and creolization of cultural meanings through negotiation between global and regional/local fashion marketers. The Hong Kong-based regional fashion marketers now negotiate more often with the brands’ European or American headquarters about how to represent the brands as luxurious and stylish, but also about a more complex creolization of western and Chinese cultures while communicating fashion meanings. This unique ethnographic research provides original insight into the differing impact of globalization across Greater China.
Context based at a glance to teaching word in teaching Turkish to foreigners in “Yeni Hitit” books
YTÖ “Yeni Hitit” kitabındaki sözcük öğretimine bağlam temelli bir bakış
Authors: İnce Bekir
Published: October 2015

First problem experienced in teaching Turkish to foreigners is teaching words. Policies about teaching words built on three main elements. "What will we teach?", "How much will we teach?", "How will we teach?" One of the hardest questions about teaching words is “what kind of way should be adopted”. Purpose of this study is to describe which techniques used at textbooks which used in teaching Turkish to foreigners. Document survey model used in this descriptive study. In this context, “Yeni Hitit” Textbook prepared by Ankara University, analyzed in B1-B2 levels and methods, which used at teaching words, described. Frequencies and percentages used at analysis of collected data. Results of this study reveals, full context, semi-context and context free techniques in teaching words founds same place at relevant textbooks

Özet:

Yabancılara Türkçe öğretiminde yaşanan sorunların başında sözcük öğretimi sorunu gelmektedir. Sözcük öğretimine ilişkin belirlenmesi gereken politikalar üç temel unsur üzerine bina edilmektedir: “Neyi öğreteceğiz?”, “Ne kadar öğreteceğiz?”, “Nasıl öğreteceğiz?”. Sözcük öğretimine dair sorulacak en zor sorulardan biri, “nasıl bir öğretim yolunun benimsenmesi gerektiği” sorusudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yabancılara Türkçe öğretirken kullanılan ders kitaplarında sözcük öğretiminin hangi tekniklerle yapıldığını betimlemektir. Betimsel bir çalışma olan bu araştırmada yöntem olarak doküman taraması modeli kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Ankara Üniversitesi Hitit Kitabı B1-B2 seviyesinde incelenmiş ve sözcük öğretiminde benimsenen teknikler betimlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Toplanan verilerin analizinde frekans ve yüzdelerden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları, sözcük öğretiminde tam bağlam, yarı bağlam ve bağlamdan bağımsız tekniklerin ilgili ders kitabında hemen hemen eşit ölçüde yer bulduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
Examining technological pedagogical content knowledge of teachers teaching Turkish to bilingual students in France
Fransa'da iki dilli öğrencilere Türkçe öğreten öğretmenlerin teknolojik pedagojik içerik bilgilerinin incelenmesi
Authors: İnce Bekir , Horzum M. Barış
Published: October 2015

The objective of this study is to examine the self-competency perceptions of the teachers teaching Turkish to bilingual children in France on technological pedagogical content knowledge. In accordance with this objective cross sectional survey method was used for this study. 65 Turkish teachers working in France were included in the study. An assessment instrument developed by Horzum, Akgün and Öztürk (2014) was used to determine the self-competency perceptions of the teachers on technological pedagogical content knowledge. The obtained results revealed that the self-competency perceptions of the teachers teaching Turkish (L1) to bilingual children in France on technological pedagogical content knowledge was over the average. Besides, it is observed that the self-competency perceptions of the teachers on content knowledge and technological pedagogical content knowledge were significantly lower than their self-competency perceptions on pedagogical content knowledge. 

Özet

Bu araştırmanın amacı Fransa'da iki dilli öğrencilere Türkçe öğreten öğretmenlerin teknolojik pedagojik içerik bilgilerine yönelik öz-yeterlik algılarını incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırma kesitsel tarama modelinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya Fransa'da görev yapan 65 Türkçe öğretmeni katılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin teknolojik pedagojik içerik bilgilerine yönelik öz-yeterlik algılarını ölçmek üzere Horzum, Akgün ve Öztürk (2014) tarafından geliştirilen ölçme aracı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda Fransa'da iki dilli çocuklara Türkçe öğreten öğretmenlerin teknolojik pedagojik içerik bilgisine yönelik öz-yeterlik algılarının ortalamanın üzerinde olduğunu göstermektedir. Bunun yanında öğretmenlerin içerik bilgileri ve teknolojik pedagojik içerik bilgilerine yönelik öz-yeterlik algılarının pedagojik içerik bilgilerine yönelik öz-yeterlik algılarından anlamlı derecede düşük olduğu görülmüştür.
Hypovitaminosis D in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and its Influence on Biochemical and Densitometric Parameters
Authors: Vojtková Jarmila , Čiljaková Miriam , Vojarová Lenka , Janíková Katarína , Michnová Zuzana , Šagiová Veronika
Published: October 2015

The aim of the study was to establish the frequency of hypovitaminosis D in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), its influence on biochemical and densitometric parameters and the relation to diabetic nephropathy. 58 children with T1D at the age 9–19 years were enrolled to the study. Vitamin D concentration less than 30 ng/ml was considered as insufficient. 37 children (63.79%) had vitamin D level under 30 ng/ml, from these 19 subjects (32.7%) had vitamin D level under 20 ng/ml and 2 subjects (3.44%) under 10 ng/ml. Children with vitamin D deficiency had significantly lower magnesium concentration and lower Z score of lumbar spine (−1.34 ± 1.24 vs. −0.30 ± 1.21, p = 0.01) compared to diabetics with sufficient vitamin D concentration. No significant difference was found in parameters calcium, phosphorus or glycosylated hemoglobin. Patients with diabetic nephropathy (n = 18) showed no significant difference in vitamin D, glycosylated hemoglobin or Z score of lumbar spine compared to the patients without nephropathy (n = 40). Subjects with nephropathy had significantly longer diabetes duration, significantly higher cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentration. In our cohort of patients nearly two thirds of children had insufficient vitamin D concentration what supports the need to monitor and eventually supplement vitamin D in T1D subjects.
Case 1‑2012: ANCA Associated Glomerulonephritis in Combination with IgG4 Positive Mediastinal Mass in a Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis Treated with TNF Alpha Inhibitors
Authors: Tošovský Marian , Bradna Petr , Laco Jan , Podhola Miroslav , Soukup Tomáš , Brožík Jan
Published: October 2015

Article without abstract
A Non Healing Ulcer on Scalp
Authors: Deshpande Deepal J. , Nayak Chitra S. , Mishra Sunil N.
Published: October 2015

Angiosarcoma is a soft tissue tumour with a dismal prognosis. We present a 74 year old male presenting with a non healing ulcer on the scalp. On histopathology a diagnosis of angiosarcoma was made. An early diagnosis and tumour size play a pivotal role in the survival of the patient.
How Do Patients Assess Outcomes Of Treatment Of Prognathism?
Authors: Neskoromna-Jędrzejczak Aneta , Bogusiak Katarzyna , Antoszewski Bogusław
Published: October 2015

was to analyze the results of patients’ subjective self-assessment of surgical treatment of prognathism.

The study included 35 patients who underwent extraoral vertical ramus osteotomy. Each patient responded to 12 questions contained in the questionnaire created by the authors.

All respondents positively assessed their appearance after surgery. In most cases they pointed out the positive impact of treatment on their self-confidence (82.9% of responses). The vast majority of respondents felt improvement in biting off food (91.4%).

Patients positively evaluate the outcome of surgical treatment with extraoral vertical ramus osteotomy. The subjective improvement of the facial appearance, as well as chewing and articulation functions took place after the treatment.
“Reordering the Confusion”: Tatian, the Second Sophistic, and the so-called Diatessaron
Authors: Crawford Matthew R.
Published: October 2015

The only two surviving works from Tatian are his Oration to the Greeks and the so-called Diatessaron. Previous scholars have examined the Oration in search of clues that might shed light on the origins of his gospel, and have highlighted his adherence to divine “unity” and insistence on historical “accuracy.” In this article it is argued that a more fundamental theme in the Oration is Tatian’s concern for proper “order,” a rhetorical category that he filled out with theological and philosophical content, and that it was this which served as the primary impetus for his creation of his gospel edition. Furthermore, if rhetoric gave him the motivation, it was his grammatical training that gave him the tools for this enterprise, since in composing his work he must have relied upon the kind of close literary analysis learned under the grammarian. Viewing the matter from this perspective allows one to place Tatian more clearly into the second-century context of the Second Sophistic and also allows one to situate him within an ongoing conversation among Christian authors in the second century over the order, or lack thereof, evident in the church’s authoritative texts.