bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation of macrophage IFNγ-stimulated gene expression by the transcriptional coregulator CITED1
Authors: Subramani Aarthi , Hite Maria E. L. , Garcia Sarah , Maxwell Jack , Kondee Hursha , Millican Grace E. , McClelland Erin E. , Seipelt-Thiemann Rebecca L. , Nelson David E.
Published: January 2023

Macrophages serve as a first line of defense against microbial pathogens. Exposure to interferon-γ (IFNγ) increases interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression in these cells, resulting in enhanced antimicrobial and proinflammatory activity. Although this response must be sufficiently vigorous to ensure the successful clearance of pathogens, it must also be carefully regulated to prevent tissue damage. This is controlled in part by CBP/p300-interacting transactivator with glutamic acid/aspartic acid-rich carboxyl-terminal domain 2 (CITED2), a transcriptional coregulator that limits ISG expression by inhibiting STAT1 and IRF1. Here, we show that the closely related Cited1 is an ISG, which is expressed in a STAT1-dependent manner, and that IFNγ stimulates the nuclear accumulation of CITED1 protein. In contrast to CITED2, ectopic CITED1 enhanced the expression of a subset of ISGs, including Ccl2, Ifit3b, Isg15 and Oas2. This effect was reversed in a Cited1-null cell line produced by CRISPR-based genomic editing. Collectively, these data show that CITED1 maintains proinflammatory gene expression during periods of prolonged IFNγ exposure and suggest that there is an antagonistic relationship between CITED proteins in the regulation of macrophage inflammatory function.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Scientific Analysis of Wooden Lacquerware from No.1 Wooden Coffin Burial in Yangji-ri Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
Authors: Park Su Zin , Jo Ah Hyeon , Song Ji Aae , Song Jung Il , kim Han Seul
Published: January 2023

In this paper, the four lacquerware excavated from the burial floor fit of the Yangji-ri No. 1 wooden coffin was analyzed to confirm the manufacturing techniques and materials. The lacquerware was made of wood and metal, therefore, and we analyzed the lacquerware based on the its constituent materials characteristics. We found that the coins decorating the surface of the bronze halberd were Wu Zhu Chinese coins and that the bronze spearhead was long and narrow by X-ray based on non-destructive investigations. Also, Wu Zhu Chinese coins and bronze spearhead are consists of leaded bronze and were produced by casting.The lacquer layer of the surface of four lacquerware was composed of common lacquer ingredients and applied directly to the wood without a base lacquer layer. This study provides basic data for studies on ancient lacquer techniques.
Study on the Production of Iron-bar through Restoration Experiments and Changes in Products by Process
Authors: Kwak Byeong Moon , Han Ji Sun , Jeong Rak Hyeon , Kim Young Mi
Published: January 2023

The “smelting-smithing” system is the most frequently applied technology in the ancient iron-making sites of Korea for preparing iron tools via the smithing of the bloomery iron produced by smelting. In this study, using the smelting-smithing method, we conducted a restoration experiment to produce iron bars from iron ore. The characteristics of the iron materials and slag obtained from each process in the method were identified, and the possibility of applying these characteristics to the interpretation of archaeological data was investigated. The shape and compositional hierarchy of the iron materials could be determined according to the progress of the method by analyzing the hammerscale obtained throughout the experiment. In the case of smithing artifacts within the same ruin, it would be helpful to understand the relative relationship. The effect of improvements in the physical properties of the iron bar as folding proceeded was confirmed. However, a layered structure that was not related to folding was also identified. Thus, checking not only the layered structure but also the elongation or miniaturization of the non-metallic inclusions is necessary when observing the microstructure of iron artifacts to determine their exact manufacturing technique. The linear arrangement of La and Ce, which are rare-earth elements, in the iron ore, iron bar, and slag was confirmed, but additional verification of the iron ore and flux from other sources is necessary. In future work, we will examine the possibility of classifying the lineage of iron materials by obtaining more data.
Considerations on Scientific Conservation Treatment and Original Form of Rain Gauge Pedestals Kept at the Korea Meteorological Museum of Korea
Authors: Lee Tae Jong , Cho Ha Jin , Chae Seung A , Park Hee Jeong , Kim Han Seul , Kim Da Sol
Published: January 2023

The material characteristics and conservation conditions of the Rain Gauge Pedestal of Gyeongsang Provincial Office, Daegu(National Treasure) and the Rain Gauge Pedestal of Gwansanggam, Bureau of Astronomy(Treasure) which have been kept at the Korea Meteorological Administration were scientifically diagnosed, and the conservation treatment for those artifacts was performed. The Rain Gauge Pedestal of Gyeongsang Provincial Office was made of aplite at that time but on the other hand, its bottom stone was made of medium and coarse grained grantite since 1985. The Rain Gauge Pedestal of Gwansanggam was made of medium and coarse grained granite in pale rose color, and based on petrologic material characteristics and characteristic values by magnetic susceptibility measurements, it is presumed to have been made in the late Joseon Dynasty. The main contamination on the surface of the rain gage pedestals is black contaminants which were derived from carbon, and the fiber laser was used to complete the work after dry and wet cleaning were performed. In addition, impurities caused by acrylic colors and paint were removed by the poultice method after the preliminary cleaning. In terms of consolidation as the final stage of the conservation process, the ultrasonic assessment on physical properties before and after consolidation resulted in more than 10% improvement on average. From a perspective of the original form as cultural heritage, the bottom stone of Rain Gauge Pedestal of Gyeongsang Provincial Office has been treated with mortar on the surface and its color was matched during the conservation treatment, which hinders approach to exact information of cultural heritage. Furthermore, with regard to the Rain Gauge Pedestal of Gwansanggam, there is the need to examine whether it served as a pedestal to support the rain gauge(Cheugugi), judging by material characteristics, manufacturing techniques of rain gauge holes and Donggwoldo depicting a rain gauge in the painting. Therefore, the opportunity to establish authenticity of cultural heritage will be required by doing literature research on cultural heritage of traditional science technology, historical research on the original form and natural scientific analysis.
A Study on the Alternative Method according to the Mixing of Traditional Material Dancheong Pigment: Focusing on Orpiment and Lead White
Authors: Ryu Ga Yeong , Kim Young Kyun , Han Kyeong Soon
Published: January 2023

Among the traditional dancheong pigments, orpiment and lead white have problems such as toxic properties, unstable supply and demand, and low color stability. Therefore, alternative methods are needed. This study attempted to solve these problems by reducing the amount of orpiment and lead white by mixing other pigments. The specimens were prepared by mixing orpiment with two types of yellow ochre and one each of oyster shell white and white clay. Lead white was mixed with three types of oyster shell white and white clay. Surface changes, chromaticity, and peeling characteristics were observed. When orpiment was mixed with white pigments, the mixture showed a relatively similar to the orpiment color, compared to when mixed with yellow ochre. When orpiment inside the film was discolored, however, the yellow index was reduced by 20 at most, showing a high color difference value. When orpiment was mixed with yellow ochre (5:5), the mixture was observed to have relatively high chromatic stability and durability, compared to when orpiment was solely used. Until the lowest mixing ratio (2:8), showing a similar color to the lead white. Particularly, the more similar the brightness value of white pigments used was to that of lead white, the closer the mixtures became to the chromatic range of lead white. But they showed different aspects of discoloration and peeling, depending on the mixing ratio of media.
Philosophical Management of Stress based on Science and Epicurean Pragmatism: A Pilot Study
Authors: Yapijakis Christos , Protopapadakis Evangelos D. , Chrousos George P.
Published: January 2023

In the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic, we created and implemented from November 2020 to February 2021 a monthly educational pilot program of philosophical management of stress based on Science, Humanism and Epicurean Pragmatism, which was offered to employees of 26 municipalities in the Prefecture of Attica, Greece. The program named “Philosophical Distress Management Operation System” (Philo.Di.M.O.S.) is novel and unique in its kind, as it combines a certain Greek philosophical tradition (Epicurean) that concurs with modern scientific knowledge. The program was designed to be implemented in a period of crisis; therefore, it used a fast-paced, easy to learn and practice philosophical approach to stress management, based on cognitive psychotherapy. The philosophical approach to stress management has the advantage that it can be offered to most people, regardless of age and educational level. The pilot program was effective in achieving its objectives, shown by statistical comparisons of the trainees’ responses to anonymous questionnaires before and after the month-long training. The successful Philo.Di.M.O.S. program, thus, based on a solid scientific and philosophical basis, offers a paradigm of stress management during crises and could be useful in Greece and internationally.
Aesthetics, Psyche and Media: A Manifold of Mimesis in the Age of Simulation
Authors: Todorović Tanja , Janeš Luka , Novaković Vanja
Published: January 2023

Within a dialogue with various authors, it seems that there can’t be just one universal reflection that allows us to comprehend the rising dynamism of new media. For example, Baudrillard declared the end of the traditional way of thinking about contemporary media and showed their role in the process of the endless simulation of truth. It has been shown that the contemporary world of media can be considered in dialogue with the philosophical tradition, and be evaluated in the phenomenological psychopathology (Fuchs) evaluation horizon. In this consideration, the notion of variation (Manovich), plays a key role in replacing the traditionally understood notion of mimesis. Artistic practice is precisely the main exemplar that shows the influence of new media on identity construction (simulated versions of personal identity), as well as the relationship between the artistic original and the copy. Although new digital media allows maintenance of desired (identity) simulations, its great potential is evident in enabling subjects to express their individuality, as well as in searching for new ways to improve their quality of life. This context opens a new problem, namely the one of avatar – a selected photo or image that defines the identity of entities present in the fields of the virtual agora (Baudrillard) and private chat rooms of the social media. Avatar`s function is being problematized by asking whether they represent the reduction and closure of the width of a person's beingness within the set image, or whether they facilitate and stimulate its realization by depriving them of the stress and discomfort that is caused by physical confrontation and intercourse with other persons in the living space. The given issue inevitably points to the problem of the general narcissism of our culture (Lasch), calling upon philosophical orientation to enter the discussion.
Pornography and Stress
Authors: Arabatzis Georgios
Published: January 2023

Pornography, especially in its compulsive form of viewing, is closely linked to ways of managing and reducing stress. Pornographic realism, which is the contemporary form of pornographic representation, is based on technological innovations such as photographic and digital recording of sexual reality. The description of the character of the two forms of recording demonstrates the historical development of pornographic realism. Moving away from pure psychology, we can discern in the field of human sciences the specificity of the relations between pornography and stress reduction through the distinction between the Principle of Pleasure (Lustprinzip) and the Principle of Reality (Realitätsprinzip) at the collective level or otherwise in the space of the co-being (Mitsein). On the other hand, the distance of sexual need from hunger and the plasticity of the former makes pornography a practicable way of dealing with the contradictions of ordinary existence. In sum, the above articulation explains how pornography makes the world of sexual satisfaction go hand in hand with coping with and managing stress.
Κριτική προσέγγιση της εισαγωγής Εξ’Αποστάσεως Εξετάσεων εν μέσω πανδημίας:
Authors: Mantzorou Petroula , Panitsides Eugenia
Published: January 2023

Το Ελληνικό Ανοικτό Πανεπιστήμιο (ΕΑΠ), το μοναδικό εξ αποστάσεως Ανώτατο Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα στην Ελλάδα, ακολουθώντας την παγκόσμια τάση, εισήγαγε τις εξ αποστάσεως ηλεκτρονικές εξετάσεις το 2020, σε μια προσπάθεια να αντιμετωπίσει τους περιορισμούς που επιβλήθηκαν λόγω της πανδημίας του Covid-19. Οι εξ αποστάσεως ηλεκτρονικές εξετάσεις αναφέρονται σε μια μέθοδο εξέτασης κατά την οποία υπάρχει φυσική απόσταση μεταξύ φοιτητών και καθηγητών, ενώ η όλη διαδικασία πραγματοποιείται μέσω ηλεκτρονικού υπολογιστή και των εξαρτημάτων του (μικρόφωνο, κάμερα, ακουστικά). Η σχετική βιβλιογραφία έχει καταδείξει ότι οι εξ αποστάσεως ηλεκτρονικές εξετάσεις είναι εν γένει επωφελείς για όλους, φοιτητές, καθηγητές και εκπαιδευτικά ιδρύματα. Ωστόσο, εκφράζεται επίσης η ανάγκη περαιτέρω διερεύνησης των απόψεων των φοιτητών αναφορικά με τις ηλεκτρονικές εξετάσεις, καθώς δεν έχουν καταγραφεί επαρκώς στις σχετικές έρευνες. Για τους λόγους αυτούς και λαμβάνοντας υπόψη ότι οι εξ αποστάσεως εξετάσεις αποτελούν καινοτομία στην Ελλάδα, στόχος της παρούσας μελέτης ήταν μια κριτική προσέγγιση σχετικά με τις εξ αποστάσεως ηλεκτρονικές εξετάσεις που οργάνωσε και διεξήγαγε το ΕΑΠ το 2020 μέσα από τη διερεύνηση των απόψεων των φοιτητών. Το δείγμα της ποσοτικής μελέτης αποτέλεσαν 111 φοιτητές διαφορετικών τμημάτων του ΕΑΠ, από 20 έως 60 ετών. Παρά τους εγγενείς περιορισμούς της μελέτης, τα αποτελέσματά μας, τα οποία συνάδουν με τη σχετική βιβλιογραφία, σκιαγραφούν ότι αν και το άγχος πριν από μια ηλεκτρονική εξέταση είναι σημαντικά υψηλότερο λόγω πιθανών τεχνικών ζητημάτων, οι φοιτητές είναι γενικά θετικοί στην καθιέρωση των εξ’ αποστάσεως εξετάσεων ως μέσο αξιολόγησης.
Transformation Theory as a Framework for Understanding Transformative Learning
Authors: Kokkos Alexis
Published: January 2023

Τhe first part of the present Introduction to Mezirow’s translated book outlines the formulation process of his theory, and the second Part presents its constituent components. The third part discusses the relationship between Transformation Theory and “transformative learning theory” and puts forward the opinion that the former constitutes a focal point of reference within the wider theoretical field of transformative learning, which includes diverse conceptualizations. In the last two parts, a reference is made to the book’s translation and suggestions are offered as to the creative and critical approach to its content.
EXAMINING THE RELATION BETWEEN MARKET VALUE AND CO2 EMISSION: STUDY OF INDIAN FIRMS
Authors: Desai Rajesh , Raval Avani
Published: January 2023

In the present era, sustainable business practices have become an important metric for measuring the organisational effectiveness. Shareholders have added sustainability as an important dimension of firms’ performance and consider it as value relevant for determining the market value of any company. Given the premises, present study examines the impact of CO2 emission on the market value of the firm (measured by market-to-book value ratio and Tobin’s Q ratio) in the context of a developing country. Current study is based on panel data of 230 firm-year observations collected from the annual report of Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) and annual report of sample companies. Using panel least square regression analysis, the findings indicate significant adverse impact of CO2 emission on the firm value. In other words, shareholders assign negative value to higher discharge of carbon dioxide and reflect the same by lowering the market value of shares. Further, the results are checked for robustness using generalised method of moments (GMM) and the conclusions are found coinciding. Present findings have important implications for regulatory authorities, policy makers, and practicing managers.
BOARD GENDER DIVERSITY, FIRM PERFORMANCE AND FIRM RISK: A LITERATURE SURVEY
Authors: Singh Geeta , Dwesar Rishi
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we conduct a succinct review of literature to understand the impact of board gender diversity on firm performance and firm risk. The review indicates that the effect of gender diversity on firm performance and firm risk is inconclusive. Many studies indicate presence of a positive association between a firm’s board gender diversity and its value, while others document a negative relation, and still some showing that there is no significant relation between gender diversity and firm’s performance and risk. We recommend that there is a vast scope for research in this area, especially in the context of emerging countries to more broadly analyze the relation between a firm’s board gender diversity, and its performance and risk.
Volatility and tail dependence between sustainable stock indices during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Janik Bogna , Płuciennik Piotr
Published: January 2023

Motivation: The motivation behind the study was to analyze the risk of sustainable stock indices (SSIs) and their conventional peers during the COVID-19 health crisis. We wanted to check if SSIs were more resistant to market risk in the times of huge volatility as well as what the correlation between particular SSIs was and, similarly, between their conventional peers.
Aim: The main objective of the study was to analyze volatility spillover among sustainability stock indices (SSIs) and their conventional peers during the COVID-19 health crisis. The authors analyze conditional volatility among SSIs, which was obtained from univariate GARCH-type models, and the tail dependence coefficient, which was derived from the Copula-GARCH models. The indices from FTSE4Good family for the USA, Europe and Japan markets together with their corresponding conventional indices have been chosen.
Results: The research shows that during the COVID-19 health crisis SSIs were less volatile than their conventional peers. Moreover the relations between particular SSIs in most cases were weaker, whereas extreme observations which occurred were less concordant for conventional indices. It implies that the stability of sustainable stock indices from FTSE4good family is greater than for their conventional peers.
Equity crowdfunding in Ukraine: the proposal of legal solutions at the background of regulations in the selected countries
Authors: Kurek Robert , Swacha-Lech Magdalena , Druhov Oleksiy , Podolchak Nazar
Published: January 2023

Motivation: The capital market developing in Ukraine is not capable of filling the capital gap for innovative ventures presenting high risk of failure, therefore equity crowdfunding can be perceived as a significant alternative offering a source of funding for enterprises, primarily in relation to the development of initiatives and projects, the value of which has not yet been verified by the market (the so-called startups). At the same time, it should be remembered that one of the important factors responsible for the development and popularization of crowdfunding in a particular country is the development of the explicit crowdfunding regulation.
Aim: The aim of this article is to propose legal solutions dedicated to ECF in Ukraine, developed based on the analysis of legal regulations in the selected countries. The model of legal regulations proposed by the authors was assessed by the experts from Ukraine. The study consisted in an expert assessment of the suggested model solution being the result of legal regulations regarding the functioning of crowdfunding in the selected countries worldwide, an identification of the desired changes in legal regulations in Ukraine, and the assessment of the potential for the development of equity crowdfunding as the source of funding for the Ukrainian companies.
Results: The results of the conducted research show that as many as 90% of the Ukrainian experts agreed with the proposed legal solutions dedicated to equity crowdfunding and described the developed legal model as suitable for the Ukrainian market. At the same time, the vast majority of respondents (85%) acknowledged that the scope of regulations proposed in the model is appropriate, without indicating the need for introducing regulations in other areas.
Revitalization microprojects: how the civic budget supports regeneration activities in cities: the Łódź city case study
Authors: Ślebocka Magdalena
Published: January 2023

Motivation: One of the distinguishing features of revitalization processes is social activation of the local community. It results directly from the very definition of revitalization, which is understood as the process of social and investment character carried out in degraded urban space which is implemented concertedly by the territorial self-government, the local community and other participants. The residents of the run-down quarters are the main beneficiaries of revitalization policy. Undertaken regeneration efforts are, first and foremost, aimed at improving their life situation. Not only grand projects are important in order to revive degraded space. It is those projects which are conducted on a microscale, which do not require substantial financial outlays and on which the inhabitants of degraded areas subjected to regeneration exert an impact that are equally significant. Undoubtedly, the civic budget and the projects submitted within its framework which supplement revitalization undertakings pose an opportunity to regenerate run-down areas on such a microscale.
Aim: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the role and significance of the microprojects financed from the civic budget which fit into the revitalization process. A research hypothesis was advanced for the purpose of the article which states that the revitalization microactivities which constitute a part of the civic budget are a tool for supporting revitalization process.
Results: Revitalization focuses not only on the technical aspect consisting in regeneration activities performed within the buildings themselves, but it also effectively engages local communities with the use of disposable financial means. In Łódź a systematic increase in the activation of the community dwelling in degraded area is observed. Social participation enables dialogue and cooperation among all the stakeholders, which may in turn lead to consensus and to working out the solutions satisfactory for all the parties concerned, starting from the territorial self-government which initiated the process to the inhabitants of degraded areas. One of the tools which enables local community to actively participate in the decision-making process is the civic budget. It results from the fact that the civic budget and the projects submitted within its framework are convergent with the undertaken revitalization activities. Year by year the interest in the civic budget increases and almost 50% of the projects submitted for implementation in Łódź within the analysed period of time and the spatial framework being the subject of analysis concern the activities aimed at regeneration of public space. The projects regarding public transport infrastructure, improvement of the condition of roads and pavements in revitalized areas or concerning green and recreational areas gain considerable popularity.
Education of students in higher educational medical universities of Ukraine taking into account competence-oriented educational technologies
Authors: Batyuk Liliya , Zhernovnykova Oksana
Published: January 2023

A higher educational institution is called upon to contribute to a constant increase in the degree of development and readiness of students for self-educational activities on a proactive basis. The features of training and formation of competences among medical students in the general theoretical aspect are considered as a fundamental condition for the successful implementation of future professional activities, which provides the ability to quickly and correctly use knowledge, experience, and personal qualities, ensures their control and restructuring of activities when obstacles appear.

The development of the proposed theoretical and practical material in medical universities is of a general nature, including and substantiating the goal, objectives and structure of the formation of the personality of a future professional. The application of the competence-based approach and the practical orientation of training in higher educational medical institutions of Ukraine are designed to form student’s not only preliminary, but also situational readiness.

In the context of considering competence-oriented educational technologies in higher educational universities of Ukraine, including pedagogical and educational technologies, is the readiness of future specialists for productive independent and responsible action in professional activities and everyday life. The teachers of medical universities are obliged to ensure the achievement of this result using a complex integral image of the final result of education at the university in the direction of training (specialty), which is based on the concept of “competence”.
Awareness of the costs of selected medical procedures and the use of healthcare among young adults in Poland
Authors: Rogalska Anna , Sobczyk Karolina , Holecki Tomasz
Published: January 2023

Aim:  The study aimed to test students' awareness of the costs of selected medical procedures. Another aim was to identify the frequency of used medical benefits both as part of public and private medical care.

Materials and Methods: The research group included 246 people, both women, and men, aged 19-29, studying in Poland. An anonymous research questionnaire was used to conduct the study, which was sent to 21 universities in Poland (medical universities and physical education academies). The questionnaire asked participants to estimate the costs of treatments and investigations. The respondents were also asked which services of medical specialists they used in the last year.

Results: Outpatient specialist care services under the public health care system were used by the majority of respondents (N = 200; 81.3%). Most often it was 1-2 times in the last year (54.5% of all respondents used the public health service). The respondents most often used gynecological (33%), ophthalmological (21%), and dermatological (15.5%). In turn, private medical care was used by 192 respondents (78%) out of all the respondents. Respondents revalued all assessed medical procedures by 27% for the diagnostic colonoscopy to 790% for a 20-minute massage at a rehabilitation clinic.

Conclusion:  Cost awareness among polish students is poor. Lack of awareness of the costs of medical procedures (the amount that the public payer pays for specific procedures medical) that may have an impact on the use of healthcare services as well as health care expenses.
EFEKTYWNOŚĆ EDUKACYJNA SZKÓŁ KATOLICKICH W POLSCE NA PODSTAWIE WYNIKÓW EGZAMINÓW ZEWNĘTRZNYCH W 2021 ROKU
Authors: Cichosz Wojciech
Published: January 2023

Szkolnictwo kościelne w Europie było obecne już na przełomie IX i X, a w Polsce pod koniec XI wieku. Lata systemu komunistycznego (1945–1989) wpłynęły na jego marginalizację, a dynamiczne odrodzenie wiąże się z przemianami demokratycznymi po 1989 roku. Obecnie szkoły katolickie mają w Polsce równoprawną możliwość powstawania i funkcjonowania. Ich liczba i odsetek ogólnej populacji uczniów utrzymują się na stałym poziomie. Wyniki publikowane przez OKE i miejsca w rankingach szkół pokazują, że efektywność dydaktyczna katolickich szkół podstawowych jest wyższa niż przeciętna. Również licea osiągają wysoki poziom kształcenia, choć tutaj nie dostrzega się dominacji szkół katolickich. Efektywność dydaktyczna jest jednym z wielu czynników, które wpływają na ugruntowaną pozycję szkół katolickich.
FORMACJA DUCHOWA MŁODZIEŻY PRZYGOTOWUJĄCEJ SIĘ DO SAKRAMENTU MAŁŻEŃSTWA
Authors: Gałązka Włodzimierz
Published: January 2023

W artykule autor przedstawia zagadnienie formacji młodzieży przygotowującej się do sakramentu małżeństwa. Wskazuje na elementy charakterystyczne takiej formacji. Ukazuje wpływ formacji duchowej nie tylko na przyszłych małżonków, ale również na ich rodziny. Celem takiej formacji jest ukształtowanie stylu życia konkretnej osoby w oparciu o stały, niezmienny fundament, którym jest Jezus Chrystus. Zwraca uwagę na fakt, że związek małżeński wzorowany jest na miłości Boga do człowieka. Autor wskazuje również na to, aby formacja duchowa służyła przede wszystkim umocnieniu postaw wiary. W artykule zostały ukazane różne metody formacji. Pierwsza polega na przekazywaniu prawdy o Bogu przez osoby zaangażowane w formację kandydatów do małżeństwa, a drugie zadanie wskazuje na wysiłki osobiste formowanej osoby. Autor wskazuje także na środki formacji: nauczanie, życie sakramentalne, wprowadzenie w życie modlitwy i liturgii Kościoła, ascezę zawartą w rachunku sumienia oraz indywidualne kierownictwo duchowe.
PELPLIŃSKA FIGURA NIEPOKALANEGO POCZĘCIA NAJŚWIĘTSZEJ MARYI PANNY
Authors: Nadolny Anastazy
Published: January 2023

Przedmiotem artykułu są losy pelplińskiej figury Niepokalanego Poczęcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny (NMP), usytuowanej na Placu Katedralnym w Pelplinie. Decyzję o jej ustawieniu podjęto w związku z nominacją i konsekracją biskupa Jana Marwicza w 1857 roku oraz dla uhonorowania ogłoszonego w 1854 roku dogmatu o Niepokalanym Poczęciu NMP. Propozycja wzniesienia pomnika wyszła z grona kapituły katedralnej chełmińskiej, zaś organizacją zajął się wyłoniony z niej Komitet Budowy Figury. Na zamówienie komitetu projekt wykonał słynny architekt z Kolonii nad Renem, Vincenz Statz, jeden z budowniczych tamtejszej katedry w latach 1840-1880 i architekt ponad stu kościołów i kaplic, wznoszonych w stylu neogotyckim w Nadrenii, natomiast samą figurę wykonał, również działający w Kolonii, artysta rzeźbiarz Peter Fuchs. Uroczystego poświęcenia dokonał biskup Marwicz w dniu 8 X 1858. Jesienią 1939 roku Niemcy figurę zburzyli wraz z innymi pomnikami, zdobiącymi miasto. Po wojnie uszkodzoną statuę odkopano i po restauracji, ale już w skromniejszej postaci wizualnej, ustawiono na dawnym miejscu w 1954 roku. Stanowi on najpiękniejszą ozdobę Placu Katedralnego, dziś noszącego nawę Placu Mariackiego, i miejsce niektórych nabożeństw maryjnych.
KWESTIA TOŻSAMOŚCI NARODOWEJ I RELIGIJNEJ W TWÓRCZOŚCI ADAMA ZIELIŃSKIEGO
Authors: Romejko Adam
Published: January 2023

Pochodzący z żydowskiej rodziny Adam Zieliński (1929–2010) był dziennikarzem radiowym, który w 1957 roku osiedlił się w Wiedniu. Po kilku latach założył tam własną firmę, w ramach której handlował głównie z Hongkongiem i Chinami. Na emeryturze rozpoczął działalność literacką. Pisał powieści, opowiadania oraz teksty o publicystycznym charakterze. Jednym z tematów, który w nich poruszał, była kwestia tożsamości narodowej i religijnej. Pragnąc być uznanym za wybitną osobę, prezentował fałszywie niektóre fakty ze swego życia. Nie potrafił pogodzić się, że jego wypowiedzi przyjmowano w sposób krytyczny, nie akceptując jego dążenia do bycia rodzajem moralnego i intelektualnego przewodnika Austriaków i Polaków.
MARKSIZM WYZWANIEM IDEOWYM DLA MYŚLI CHRZEŚCIJAŃSKIEJ W NAUCZANIU JOSEPHA RATZINGERA/BENEDYKTA XVI
Authors: Szulist Janusz
Published: January 2023

Joseph Ratzinger/Benedykt XVI dokonuje interpretacji zagrożenia wynikającego z marksizmu i neomarksizmu dla myśli chrześcijańskiej, a w efekcie dla integralnej koncepcji człowieka i świata. Niemiecki teolog zwraca uwagę na trzy znamienne zagrożenia tych ideologii: materializm, dominację konfliktu klasowego oraz kwestionowanie wolności jednostkowej. Odpowiadając na wskazane niebezpieczeństwa, Joseph Ratzinger postuluje integralną koncepcję człowieka, co odpowiada obiektywnej prawdzie, obnażającej redukcjonistyczne tendencje ideologii. Docelowym punktem rozwoju jest pokój, będący w istocie promowaniem kultury praw człowieka jako Bożego stworzenia. Zagwarantowanie wolności jednostkowej jest ochroną godności osobowej. Religia chrześcijańska, nawiązująca do natury człowieka, a równocześnie zawierająca Boskie objawienie, sprzyja ukazaniu iluzoryczności marksizmu i neomarksizmu w świecie. Materiałem źródłowym artykułu jest nauczanie Josepha Ratzingera/Benedykta XVI.
La jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Luxemburgo como motor de las reformas legislativas: prestación por desempleo y servicio doméstico.
Authors: Salas Porras María
Published: January 2023

El estudio que de seguida se presenta tiene como objetivo fundamental realizar una relectura de la más reciente jurisprudencia comunitaria a fin de conocer cuál ha sido y es el grado de afectación en las novedades legislativas habidas en el ordenamiento jurídico español respecto a la configuración de la protección social por desempleo de quienes prestan servicios en el hogar familiar. Para alcanzar tal finalidad se ha procedido a la revisión normativa, jurisprudencial y de doctrina judicial existente sobre esta materia a nivel comunitario y nacional.
Controversia en torno a la indexación de las prestaciones familiares según el país de residencia del causante. Sobre su compatibilidad con el Derecho de la UE.
Authors: Vigo Serralvo Francisco
Published: January 2023

Nos referimos en este artículo al debate habido en el seno de las instituciones comunitarias en torno a un eventual mecanismo nacional de indexación de las prestaciones familiares en función del país de residencia del sujeto causante de las mismas. Presentaremos dos momentos claves en esta discusión: 1) La exigencia de esta medida por parte del Reino Unido que acabó con su aceptación por parte del Consejo Europeo en el marco de las negociaciones para evitar el Brexit. 2) La adopción de dicho mecanismo por parte de Austria y la posterior revocación por parte del TJUE a instancias de la Comisión Europea. Criticaremos la posición ambivalente de las instituciones europeas al valorar la adecuación de esta medida al Derecho originario de la UE y nos referiremos de forma más detallada, por su mayor interés jurídico, al pronunciamiento del TJUE emitido en su reciente sentencia de 16 de junio de 2022, asunto C-328/20.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation: an overview for nurses
Authors: Chamos Asriel Juvenal
Published: January 2023

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is non-inferior to surgical aortic valve replacement in managing severe aortic stenosis. It has been the treatment of choice for patients who would be unsuitable for surgical aortic valve replacement. Patient selection and workup involves a rigorous process to ensure a successful outcome, and patient monitoring is crucial during and after the procedure. Nurses play an important role throughout these stages, so developing their understanding of the different processes involved in each step of the procedure is imperative. This article provides an overview of transcatheter aortic valve implantation, from patient selection and workup to peri-procedure, highlighting considerations for nurses across these stages. It includes the most relevant and recent literature on transcatheter aortic valve implantation for evidence-based nursing care, such as the monitoring of complications, early mobilisation and next-day discharge. Furthermore, it includes discussion of future considerations and research on transcatheter aortic valve implantation.
Prescribing in the homeless population
Authors: Robertson Deborah
Published: January 2023

Deborah Robertson provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to non-medical prescribers. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided
The Impact of Demographic Information on EFL Teachers’ Responses to ELT Pedagogical Reforms
Authors: Thao Thanh
Published: January 2023

Several reforms have been introduced to help enhance Vietnamese people’s English competencies. However, research on what reforms Vietnamese teachers support or resist is limited. Also, the impact of teachers’ demographic information on their responses to reforms is underrepresented. This mixed-methods study used a questionnaire, responded by 102 English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers, and six semi-structured interviews to address the gap. The results revealed that the teachers supported the reforms in their teaching context. They preferred using their self-developed or self-adapted materials to using required materials. On the other hand, using the VSTEP framework for designing tests was not supported. Teachers’ demographic information, especially educational qualification, significantly differed one’s responses to reforms from those of another. Some practical implications were discussed at the end of this paper. Also, some recommendations were presented to be considered for further studies.
Expression of the TGF-b1/p53 Target SERPINE1 Gene in Alzheimer’s Dementia: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities
Authors: Kutz Stacie M. , Higgins Craig E. , Higgins Paul J.
Published: January 2023

Editorial
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Associated with Cytomegalovirus Infection in an Immunocompetent Subject
Authors: Shen Hsiu-Chu , Lin Chien-Jen , Lin Huey-Juan
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Fulminant acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompetent hosts is rare, and the MRI findings might be atypical. Case report: A 17-year-old immunocompetent man presented with acute flaccid paraplegia accompanied by bladder and bowel incontinence. The serum virology tests revealed the presence of CMV IgM and IgG, indicating reactivation of latent infection. MRI studies of the brain and the whole spinal cord showed diffuse gray matter lesions of hyperintense signals in T2. After aggressive rescue therapy combining intravenous immunoglobulin, pulse methylprednisolone and plasma exchange, the patient made a complete neurological recovery 6 months later. Conclusion: This report demonstrates the association of CMV infection with ADEM in an immunocompetent subject. Although the treatment regimen and timing for patients with ADEM need further investigation, aggressive rescue therapy by adopting multiple immunomodulatory treatments may be warranted.
Trends in Low-Density Lipoproteins Cholesterol (LDL-C) in US Aged 12 to 80 Years: Data from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Authors: Wang Inga , Hou Stephen , Rahman Mohammad H , Li Xiaoyan , Ritchie David , Spector Antoinette L
Published: January 2023

Background: Elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease.

Objectives: We described LDL-C distributions across the age span and compared the trends in three distinct cross-sectional surveys during 2007-2010, 2011-2014, and 2015-2018.

Methods: This is an observational study. Blood lipid measurements, taken from 40,977 noninstitutionalized participants, aged 12 to 80, were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study.

Results: The LDL-C values changed by age and differed by sex. Mean LDL-C levels increased with age through middle age and then decreased with age. In males, mean LDL-C declined from 104.5 (95% CI, 103.6-105.3) in 2007-2010, to 100.5 (95% CI, 99.7-101.4) in 2011-2014, and 100.8 (95% CI, 99.9-101.7) in 2015-2018 (p<0.001 for linear trend). In females, mean LDL-C declined from 110.3 (95% CI, 109.5-111.1) in 2007-2010, to 108.3 (95% CI, 107.6-109.1) in 2011-2014, and 106.8 (95% CI, 105.9-107.7) in 2015-2018 (p<0.001 for linear trend).

Conclusions: Between 2007 and 2018, favorable trends in LDL-C levels were observed among noninstitutionalized residents in the US.
Religion and Spirituality in Early Childhood Education: A Phenomenological Interpretative Analysis
Authors: Chaney Cassandra , Baumgartner Jennifer A.
Published: January 2023

Religiosity and spirituality are distinct constructs that can inform the thoughts, emotions, and behaviours of humans; however, few studies have examined the role of these constructs as a frame for early education pedagogy. Given the current void in the literature, this exploratory study will examine the extent these constructs inform early education. By using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) as our foundation, this qualitative, pilot study involves examining the responses of six African American females related to eight questions regarding the role of religiosity and/or spirituality in their educational pedagogy. The authors will provide recommendations regarding how early child educators can use religiosity and/or spirituality to heighten the learning experience for themselves and the children in their care.
Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma in Edentulous Region
Authors: Zapata-Domínguez C. , Monzón-Lloret M. , Schiavone-Mussano R. , Jané-Salas E. , Devesa-Estrugo A. , López-López J.
Published: January 2023

The peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a benign exophytic lesion of the oral cavity. Its etiology is unknown but is associated with a local irritative or aggressive factor. The highest incidence is observed between 40-60 years, although lesions have been reported at all ages and are most commonly associated with the female sex. The treatment consists of complete excision and subsequent pathological examination of the lesion.
The aim of this paper is to present the diagnosis and treatment of a case of peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG). The success of the case as well as its clinical and radiographic follow-up is discussed in relation to the published literature.
Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth in Delayed Tooth Replantation: Histologic and Histomorfometric Analyses in Rats
Authors: Ventura Marsha Lisa Schlittler , Bisol Ângela , Rasmussen Lucas Trevizani , De Labio Roger Willian , Segato Rosemeire , Viani Gustavo , Dos Santos Ricardo Ribeiro , Okamoto Tetuo , Okamoto Roberta , Sonoda Celso , Payão Spencer Luiz Marques
Published: January 2023

Aim: The complication in delayed replantation is root resorption that leads to loss of reimplanted teeth. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) on the healing process of periodontal tissues after delayed tooth replantation in rats. 
Material and Methods: Forty-five rats had their right upper incisor extracted and maintained in dry storage for 60 minutes. Then dental papilla was removed; root canal was prepared and filled with calcium hydroxide paste and root surface treatment was processed. Rats were randomly assigned into three groups: Control group: the incisor was replanted without any substance in the dental socket. SHEDs group: the tooth was replanted after infusion of SHED, re-suspended in platelet-rich-fibrin in the dental socket; platelet-rich-fibrin group: the incisor was replanted with platelet-rich-fibrin in the dental socket. Animals were euthanized on days 15, 30 and 60 after replantation; histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed. 
Results: Root resorption was present in all experimental groups. No statistically significant differences were observed in the final period of study. The control group showed more replacement resorption but SHEDs group, showed dental tissues were more preserved. Inflammatory resorption nearly did not affect any group, as expected in this protocol (p<0.005).
Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that in the SHEDs group, teeth were more preserved with ankyloses occurrence, witch holds teeth in the socket for a longer period of time, when compared to replacement resorption or inflammatory resorption in the healing process of delayed replantation.
Fiber Materials Used in Prosthetic Dentistry
Authors: Cetintas Senay , Karacaer Ozgul , Tokar Emre
Published: January 2023

The aim of this systematic review is to examine the past daily use of fiber, the articles that evaluate the mechanical properties of fibers and the current approaches of fibers especially those used in prosthetic applications. Fiber materials have high quality properties that strengthened the material, increase the elasticity modulus and fracture strength of the material added into. This systematic review investigated the articles that pointed out all the properties of fibers used in prosthodontics.
Importance of Salivary Biomarkers in the Detection of Oral Cancer (Review Article)
Authors: Kharma Mohamed Yasser , Alkhatib Ossama , Alalwani Mohamad Sadek , Albishi Wjoud , Alalwi Shahd
Published: January 2023

Aim: This article aims to provide a brief overview of various salivary biomarkers and their importance in early detection of oral cancer. Background: The tumor markers are playing an important role in cancer detection and management. The cancer biomarker is produced either by the tumor itself or by other tissues, and consider as molecular signature indicating the physiologic and pathologic changes in a particular tissue or cell during the development of cancer. The direct contact between the saliva and the oral cancer lesions makes the salivary biomarkers the best sensitive and specific test for primairy screening method in diagnosis, staging and follow-up of oral cancer. Materials and Methods: Studies were conducted by searching for reviews in salivary biomarkers of oral malignancy in the past 5 years in Google Scholar, Medline, and PubMed. The references were also crosschecked for the relation of salivary biomarkers and oral cancer. Articles were identified and subjected to qualitative and quantitative analyses. Review Results: More than 100 potential Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) salivary biomarkers have been reported in the literature. The proteomics analysis of saliva proteins is significance for early diagnosis of Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Saliva contains reliable amounts of cells, mainly exfoliated from the oral cancer, which can provide early diagnosis and detection of oral malignancy. Conclusion: The goal of cancer screening is to detect tumor at an early stage, when treatment is most likely to be successful. Salivary biomarkers will help to differentiate patients who clinically have no detectable disease but are potential candidates for oral cancer.
Esthetic Rehabilitation with Combined All-Ceramic Applications: A Case Report
Authors: Guzelce Elifnur , Karacaer Ozgul
Published: January 2023

The first choice for anterior rehabilitation has been metal-free materials due to their successful esthetic results. Dentists and dental technicians today require materials that offer high strength, outstanding esthetics and efficient productivity. IPS e-max lithium disilicate can now be processed with CAD/CAM technology or traditionally pressed or contemporarily. Thus, its strength and versatility, the material used for the following practice anterior/posterior crowns, anterior three-unit bridgework (press only), inlays/onlays, veneers, thin veneers, implant restorations, telescopic crowns. The case presented in this report illustrates the rehabilitation of maxillary anterior teeth with IPS e-max press ceramic bridge and laminate veneers.