bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSFORMATION OF BUSINESS MODELS OF ELECTRONIC BUSINESS IN CONDITIONS OF UNSTABLE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Trachuk A. V. , Linder N. V.
Published: July 2015

The main features of formation of business models in e-business, their typology and possible transformations in the context of a shrinking market are considered in the article. Upon the analytical research, the main components and characteristics of business models of electronic business in various clusters of business models are highlighted. The marking of clusters of business models allows establishing of possible ways of their transformation in the contest of economic uncertainty.
A Superação da Propriedade Absoluta a Partir da Imposição Constitucional de sua Função Social
Authors: Ishikawa Lauro , Ishikawa Érica Taís Ferrara
Published: July 2015

O presente artigo busca analisar o direito de propriedade na respectiva ordem econômica consoante expressa pela Constituição Federal brasileira de 1988. Primeiramente, vamos contextualizar brevemente o trilhar deste direito na história do constitucionalismo nacional para, posteriormente, evocá-lo enquanto inserido na atual regência jurídica da economia em face de sua função social intrínseca, balizando-o enquanto direito humano fundamental de primeira dimensão - liberdade, às demais dimensões, quais sejam, a da igualdade – segunda dimensão – e a da fraternidade – terceira dimensão –, que demandam, em conjunto, proteção imediata, conforme prescreve o texto constitucional pátrio. As funções social e ambiental da propriedade privada revelam a superação de seu caráter individual.
A Dignidade Humana e a Eficácia dos Direitos Fundamentais Sociais
Authors: Nery da Silva Rogério Luiz , Tramontina Robison , Saibo Neli Lino
Published: July 2015

O presente trabalho se insere no Programa de pós-graduação stricto sensu – Mestrado em Direito, na área de concentração de direitos fundamentais, no contexto da produção do Grupo de pesquisa em direitos sociais, da Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC), sob a condução do primeiro coautor, com a colaboração dos demais coautores. O princípio da dignidade humana foi incluído no rol dos fundamentos da República Federativa do Brasil pela Constituição Federal de 1988, logo no primeiro artigo, abrindo o texto formal. A evolução paulatina do conceito, ao longo dos tempos ainda é objeto dessa pesquisa e volta-se ao conceito e sua aplicação como princípio norteador do Estado de Direito, tema, portanto, ainda, irrigado de controvérsias as mais diversas entre filósofos, antropólogos e juristas, sujeito às distintas abordagens interpretativas, e, por conseguinte, também distintas aplicação e efetivação. Nesse particular, com o objetivo de fornecer melhores condições de vida à população, os direitos fundamentais civis e principalmente os direitos sociais amparados pelo principio da dignidade humana, se submetem a debate contínuo acerca de sua efetividade. Os óbices à efetivação se situam no campo da normatividade e da necessária atividade interpretativa; do baixo teor de aprofundamento constitucional dos destinatários dos direitos sociais e da resistência dos Poderes constituídos, primeiro ao se omitirem, depois ao resistirem à atuação do Judiciário em garantir políticas públicas. Por fim tem-se que os tribunais superiores, notadamente o STF e o STJ consolidaram o emprego da dignidade humana como argumento de justificação das decisões concessivas de direitos sociais.
O Recreador Mineiro (1845-1848): considerações sobre a transmissão de um discurso polifônico na imprensa mineira do século XIX
Authors: Fernandes Luciano De Oliveira
Published: July 2015

Este estudo aborda aspectos polifônicos existentes no periódico literário  O Recreador Mineiro (Ouro Preto/ 1845-1848) indicando o uso da literatura, através do jornalismo, como um instrumento de apropriação social dos discursos com vistas à difusão da doutrina liberal na imprensa mineira do século XIX.
O Movimento Modernista Verde, de Cataguases — MG
Authors: Sant’Ana Rivânia Maria Trotta
Published: July 2015

Este trabalho faz um estudo de um movimento literário modernista, conhecido como Movimento Verde, criado em 1927 por um grupo de escritores muito jovens, em Cataguases, cidade da zona da mata mineira. Durante o movimento, esses jovens escritores criaram também uma revista literária e uma editora, ambas também denominadas Verde.
Reescrevendo Jesus: o Evangelho segundo Norman Mailer e Gore Vidal
Authors: Laranjeira Delzi Alves
Published: July 2015

Em  O Evangelho segundo o Filho, Norman Mailer reescreve os Evangelhos sob o ponto de vista de Jesus. Ao vivo do Calvário, de Gore Vidal, apresenta uma versão blasfema e subversiva da vida de Jesus nas entrelinhas do texto dos Atos dos Apóstolos. Ambos os romances contribuem para um questionamento de premissas cristãs.
A melancolia na prosa brasileira contemporânea
Authors: Trefzger Fabíola Simão Padilha
Published: July 2015

A “melancolia afirmativa” nasce com o vazio aberto peladerrocada de uma perspectiva ontoteleológica, franqueando areversão de antigos dogmas de caráter essencialista. A prosabrasileira contemporânea, afinada com esse horizonteantimetafísico, desbrava caminhos que apontam uma profícuavia de criação estética, marcadamente irônica e auto-reflexiva.
Ouvir ou ver por espelhos: a retórica de Vieira e de Bach
Authors: Passos Henrique Romaniello
Published: July 2015

Tentando manipular o turbilhão do real, a retórica de Vieira eBach acomoda o mundo no formato do espelhamento, atravésde uma confortável simetria que permite que o fugaz sejacontrolado. O virtuosismo desses dois mestres mostra como arepetição e a diferença podem conviver num projeto deexplicação do mundo.
Saber narrativo: proposta para uma leitura de Italo Calvino
Authors: Moreira Maria Elisa Rodrigues
Published: July 2015

Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre o saber narrativo e suas possíveis contribuições aos estudos literários, a partir de uma proposta de leitura da obra de Italo Calvino. Utilizando o hipertexto como referencial téorico-metodológico, percorre-se a obra do escritor em trajetos temáticos relativos a conceitos relevantes ao campo da literatura.
Crônica da casa assassinada: uma poética da finitude
Authors: Neta Maria Madalena Loredo
Published: July 2015

Esta é uma leitura das imagens da finitude presentes em Crônica da casa assassinada, de Lúcio Cardoso, com o intuito de estabelecer os elementos constituintes de uma poética. São estudadas as imagens que expõem a decadência dos espaços e sujeitos nos quais o tempo inscreve a marca da transitoriedade.
Jekyll and Hyde: The monster as a metaphor
Authors: Guedes Rodrigo Silva
Published: July 2015

This essay analyses the key elements associated to the monster metaphor in Robert Louis Stevenson’s Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, namely, menace, impurity, freedom, pleasure, and power, based on Noël Carroll’s elaborations. The aim is to study the use of this figure represented by Hyde in the context of a strictly morally oriented Victorian society.
O caminho enviesado: a vida re-apresentada em Grande sertão: veredas, de João Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Godinho Josué Borges de Araújo
Published: July 2015

O trabalho discute questões da teoria da literatura ligadas à representação, ou mímesis, importante tema para os estudos literários. A mímesis é abordada em Grande sertão: veredas a partir da representação que Riobaldo faz de si ao contar suas vivências a seu interlocutor, o que o leva a uma catarse de si mesmo.
Resenha: BRITTO, Paulo Henriques. Tarde. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2007.
Authors: Veras Eduardo Horta Nassif
Published: July 2015

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O teatro de Nelson Rodrigues: crime como redenção?
Authors: Lilenbaum Patrícia Chiganer
Published: July 2015

O presente artigo aborda crimes, pecados e monstruosidades na obra teatral de Nelson Rodrigues com o objetivo de refletir sobre o significado desses termos e sua utilidade para a compreensão do teatro rodriguiano. A principal peça enfocada é a primeira e pouco lembrada A mulher sem pecado, de 1942, que já traz, embrionariamente, as temáticas obsessivas do teatro do dramaturgo.
LOBO ANTUNES E OS ANTÍPODAS DO AVESSO DO MUNDO
Authors: Carvalho Maria Elvira Malaquias de
Published: July 2015

Este artigo visa a designar o avesso do mundo como motivo recorrente no romance O esplendor de Portugal, do escritor português António Lobo Antunes. O texto aponta de que modo o avesso pode ser tomado como eixo das relações dialéticas entre colonizador e colonizado, brancos e negros tal como ocorrem na narrativa.
O TRAÇO, A LETRA E A BOSSA: ARTE E DIPLOMACIA EM CABRAL, ROSA E VINICIUS
Authors: Menezes Roniere
Published: July 2015

Este ensaio estabelece diálogos entre o  discurso artístico-literário dos escritoresdiplomatas João Cabral de Melo Neto, João Guimarães Rosa e Vinicius de Moraes e o discurso das modernidades tardias no Brasil. Os textos analisados, publicados em meados do século 20, voltam-se para os espaços periféricos e para o homem comum, seu saber, sua inventividade.
J. G. BALLARD’S INNER SPACE: THE JUXTAPOSITION OF TIME, SPACE AND BODY
Authors: Groppo Pedro
Published: July 2015

The fiction of J. G. Ballard is unusually concerned with spaces, both internal and external. Influenced by Surrealism and Freudian psychoanalysis, Ballard’s texts explore the thin divide between mind and body. This analysis of the story “The terminal beach” illustrates well some of the concepts present throughout his fiction.
MULHER NASCE MULHER? CLARICE LISPECTOR: COLUNISTA E AUTORA DE A HORA DA ESTRELA
Authors: Alves Lídia Maria Nazaré
Published: July 2015

No primeiro momento desse trabalho me detive nos artigos escritos por Helen Palmer (pseudônimo de Clarice Lispector) nos fins da década de 50 e começos da década de 60. Esses textos foram publicados no jornal O Correio da Manhã, com o título de “Correio feminino”. Nesse pequeno espaço a colunista dava conselhos para uma provável construção da feminilidade da mulher burguesa dentro dos esquemas ideológicos desenhados pelo sistema de sexo-gênero. Em um segundo momento, aproximei-me do estudo de A hora da estrela, onde se constata a desconstrução da imagem de mulher elaborada nos artigos.
DESENCONTRO: AMOR E FEMININO EM BENJAMIM, DE CHICO BUARQUE
Authors: Barros Leila Cristina
Published: July 2015

Este trabalho analisa o segundo romance de Chico Buarque, Benjamim, examinando as articulações entre os discursos feminino e amoroso, com abordagem psicanalítica e semiológica. Promove ainda um diálogo com o primeiro romance do autor, Estorvo, em que já se encontram traços da feminização a que é submetido o sujeito amoroso.
RETIRA A QUEM ESCREVE SUA CANETA: GUIMARÃES ROSA E A SUBTRAÇÃO DA ESCRITA
Authors: Andrade Paulo De
Published: July 2015

“Existirá algo em comum entre a experiência literária de Guimarães Rosa e as operações de subtração?” Essa pergunta, formulada a partir da leitura de Tutaméia, envia-nos ao movimento que aqui procuramos identificar como sendo próprio da escrita rosiana – condensar, abstrair, prescindir – e insinua a dimensão do elemento sobre o qual recai o trabalho do escritor: agora não mais tanto as palavras, mas, diminutamente, a letra.
ALL THE WORLD IS A SCREEN: THE POWER OF MEDIA SIMULACRA IN THE NOVELS OF DON DELILLO
Authors: Linardi Silvia De Menezes
Published: July 2015

This essay discusses the extent and effects of media simulacra on the fictional world of the North-American novelist, Don DeLillo, during the three decades of his work. The study relates media simulacra in the novels to the theory of simulacrum developed by the French theorist Jean Baudrillard.
ÂNCORAS AO VENTO: ENSAIOS DA DESCONSTRUÇÃO EM ANA CRISTINA CESAR
Authors: Oliveira Francirene Gripp de
Published: July 2015

Este ensaio discute a produção ensaística de Ana Cristina Cesar em Escritos no Rio e suas relações com o contexto do estruturalismo e do pós-estruturalismo e com aspectos intersubjetivos das discursividades crítica, poética ebiográfica. Observam-se as transições em curso, como: o retorno do sujeito à teoria literária e a emergência de temas relativos às minorias.
A CALIGRAFIA DO GOZO EM ESTAR SENDO. TER SIDO, DE HILDA HILST
Authors: França Giovane De Azevedo
Published: July 2015

O presente estudo investiga a hipótese de interseção entre escrita e gozo no livro Estar sendo. Ter sido da escritora Hilda Hilst. Privilegiando as elaborações de Jacques Lacan acerca da noção de letra, discute as formações pulsionais do texto escolhido, para demonstrar como nele se realiza a paradoxal escrita do gozo. Para tanto, analisa as formas peculiares como a escritora caligrafia o gozo.
ANA CRISTINA CESAR: O DEVIR DE UM CORPO
Authors: Araújo André Luís de
Published: July 2015

Compreender o fazer poético de Ana Cristina é entrarteoricamente em seu mundo, sua dinâmica, pelo viés da poesia.E, tomando-a por inteiro, acompanhar a velocidade de suapassagem, sua performance corpo-voz, enquanto disseca suasalucinações, gozos e anseios em busca da palavra múltipla,abstraindo a morte dia a dia.
ENEIDA DE MORAES: MILITÂNCIA E MEMÓRIA
Authors: Santos Eunice Ferreira dos
Published: July 2015

Abordagem focalizando os ritos de entrada da escritora paraenseEneida de Moraes no cenário jornalístico-literário brasileiro,no período 1920-1970, transitando em espaços consideradosproibidos à mulher: a redação de jornais, a publicação delivros e a militância partidária.
Literaturas africanas de língua portuguesa
Authors: Carneiro João
Published: July 2015

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Álvaro de Campos - O da mansarda
Authors: Casa Nova Vera Lúcia De Carvalho
Published: July 2015

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Um exercício de tradução
Authors: Farias Maria Eneida Victor
Published: July 2015

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Sobre a produção do sentido
Authors: Mari Hugo , Guimarães Leila Mariné Da C. , Dâmaso Romualdo
Published: July 2015

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E agora, Rui? Esboço de uma poética afro-brasileira
Authors: Almeida Ana Maria De
Published: July 2015

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Para amar Cesário
Authors: Pereira Edgar
Published: July 2015

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O posicionamento do adjetivo no sintagma nonimal português
Authors: Cohen Maria Antonieta
Published: July 2015

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Álvaro Pessoa e/ou Fernando Campos: os matemáticos
Authors: Melo e Castro E. M. De
Published: July 2015

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"O espelho": poço e superfície
Authors: Pereira Maria Antonieta
Published: July 2015

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Linguagem e jogo em O Triunfo da Morte
Authors: Ferreira Valéria Maria Pena
Published: July 2015

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Antônio José da Silva: nas Guerras do Alecrim e da Mangerona, vencem a sátira e a ironia
Authors: Morando Luiz
Published: July 2015

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Variações sobre o mesmo tema em "Missa do Galo"
Authors: Figueiredo Maria do Carmo Lanna
Published: July 2015

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Medalhão à brasileira
Authors: Cury Maria Zilda Ferreira
Published: July 2015

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Teoria do Medalhão: uma encruzilhada semiótica
Authors: Casa Nova Vera Lúcia De Carvalho
Published: July 2015

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Resenha: ANTUNES, António Lobo. As naus. Lisboa: Dom Quixote, 1988
Authors: Ferreira Margarida Alves
Published: July 2015

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Resenha: DUARTE, Lélia Parreira (Org.) Artimanhas da ironia. Boletim, Belo Horizonte, v. 11, n. 13, jun. 1991
Authors: Fonseca Maria Nazareth Soares
Published: July 2015

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Riobaldo - Diadorim: o pacto - abordagem mítica da narrativa em Grande Sertão: Veredas
Authors: Guimarães Valmiki Villela
Published: July 2015

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O estudo das literaturas de língua portuguesa
Authors: Clemente Ir. Elvio
Published: July 2015

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Debate à conferência "Fernando Pessoa e a consciência infeliz, de Sônia Viegas"
Authors: Silveira Jorge Fernandes da
Published: July 2015

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Psicanálise e literatura: notas de leitura
Authors: Garcia Célio
Published: July 2015

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Álvaro de Campos, Marinetti e o futurismo
Authors: Magnani Sérgio
Published: July 2015

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A antropofagia como perspectiva crítica do kitsch na literatura
Authors: Almeida Ana Maria De
Published: July 2015

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Ex-voto: herança cultural portuguesa no século XVIII em Minas
Authors: Fernandes César Augusto Perillo
Published: July 2015

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Sobre a adjeção
Authors: Garcia Célio
Published: July 2015

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SARAMAGO, José. Levantado do chão. Lisboa, Editorial Caminho, 1980.
Authors: Duarte Lélia Parreira
Published: July 2015

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CARDOSO PIRES, José. Balada da praia dos cães. Lisboa, Edições "O Jornal", 1982
Authors: Duarte Lélia Parreira
Published: July 2015

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Moça de vila: esboço e retrato
Authors: Carvalho Ilka Valle de
Published: July 2015

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"Chuva oblíqua": o sonho e as paisagens
Authors: Pereira Edgard
Published: July 2015

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Estudos de textos medievais (IV)
Authors: Santos Carolina Antunes dos , Zica Marlene Machado Vianna
Published: July 2015

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Relação entre sentido e referente
Authors: Mari Hugo
Published: July 2015

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La reforma pensional y las mujeres: ¿Cuándo será que dejarán de ‘hacernos el favor’?
Authors: Buchely Lina Fernanda , Castro Maria Victoria
Published: July 2015

Las autoras exponen una mirada crítica de género sobre el régimen pensional colombiano. Utilizando la metodología del análisis distributivo del derecho, las autoras cuestionan el carácter positivo de la jubilación temprana para las mujeres, evidenciando cómo este beneficio no solo incumple su objetivo (servir como una compensación al trabajo de cuidado desarrollado en mayor medida e intensidad por la población femenina), sino que actúa como desincentivo para el ingreso de las mujeres al mercado laboral formal.
Dynamic occupancy models for explicit colonization processes
Authors: Broms Kristin M. , Hooten Mevin B. , Johnson Devin S. , Altwegg Res , Conquest Loveday L.
Published: July 2015

The dynamic, multi‐season occupancy model framework has become a popular tool for modeling open populations with occupancies that change over time through local colonizations and extinctions. However, few versions of the model relate these probabilities to the occupancies of neighboring sites or patches. We present a modeling framework that incorporates this information and is capable of describing a wide variety of spatiotemporal colonization and extinction processes. A key feature of the model is that it is based on a simple set of small‐scale rules describing how the process evolves. The result is a dynamic process that can account for complicated large‐scale features. In our model, a site is more likely to be colonized if more of its neighbors were previously occupied and if it provides more appealing environmental characteristics than its neighboring sites. Additionally, a site without occupied neighbors may also become colonized through the inclusion of a long‐distance dispersal process. Although similar model specifications have been developed for epidemiological applications, ours formally accounts for detectability using the well‐known occupancy modeling framework. After demonstrating the viability and potential of this new form of dynamic occupancy model in a simulation study, we use it to obtain inference for the ongoing Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) invasion in South Africa. Our results suggest that the Common Myna continues to enlarge its distribution and its spread via short distance movement, rather than long‐distance dispersal. Overall, this new modeling framework provides a powerful tool for managers examining the drivers of colonization including short‐ vs. long‐distance dispersal, habitat quality, and distance from source populations.
Alveolar Bone Architecture: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Monje Alberto , Chan Hsun‐Liang , Galindo‐Moreno Pablo , Elnayef Basel , Suarez‐Lopez del Amo Fernando , Wang Feng , Wang Hom‐Lay
Published: July 2015

Background: There is a need for studying bone characteristics systematically for a better understanding of planning (i.e., timing of placement and loading) and outcomes of implant therapy. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to evaluate alveolar bone microarchitecture and its modifiers.

Methods: Two independent reviewers conducted electronic and manual literature searches in several databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register, for articles published up to February 2015 reporting alveolar bone microstructure. The random‐effect model was applied to calculate the weighted mean (WM) of total bone volume (TBV), which has a range from 0 to 1. TBV was stratified by anatomic locations, atrophic status, and types of specimens. Correlations between TBV and other bone‐related parameters were also analyzed.

Results: A total of 800 articles were initially identified. After abstract/full‐text review, 24 articles were included in the systematic review, of which 23 were also included in the quantitative analysis. The WM TBV was 0.365 (95% confidence interval = 0.278 to 0.452), higher in the maxillary/mandibular anterior sites than the maxillary/mandibular posterior sites. However, great variations existed within each anatomic location. Additionally, WM TBV was lower in atrophic sites than non‐atrophic sites. TBV was correlated negatively with trabecular spacing (R2 = 0.11).

Conclusions: The present systematic review suggests that the TBV might not be different between the defined anatomic locations. However, the atrophy status might influence TBV.
Health Care Providers’ Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Lesbian Women and Gay Men
Authors: Sabin Janice A. , Riskind Rachel G. , Nosek Brian A.
Published: July 2015

Objectives. We examined providers’ implicit and explicit attitudes toward lesbian and gay people by provider gender, sexual identity, and race/ethnicity.

Methods. We examined attitudes toward heterosexual people versus lesbian and gay people in Implicit Association Test takers: 2338 medical doctors, 5379 nurses, 8531 mental health providers, 2735 other treatment providers, and 214 110 nonproviders in the United States and internationally between May 2006 and December 2012. We characterized the sample with descriptive statistics and calculated Cohen d, a standardized effect size measure, with 95% confidence intervals.

Results. Among heterosexual providers, implicit preferences always favored heterosexual people over lesbian and gay people. Implicit preferences for heterosexual women were weaker than implicit preferences for heterosexual men. Heterosexual nurses held the strongest implicit preference for heterosexual men over gay men (Cohen d = 1.30; 95% confidence interval = 1.28, 1.32 among female nurses; Cohen d = 1.38; 95% confidence interval = 1.32, 1.44 among male nurses). Among all groups, explicit preferences for heterosexual versus lesbian and gay people were weaker than implicit preferences.

Conclusions. Implicit preferences for heterosexual people versus lesbian and gay people are pervasive among heterosexual health care providers. Future research should investigate how implicit sexual prejudice affects care.
Diffusion of Impaired Driving Laws Among US States
Authors: Macinko James , Silver Diana
Published: July 2015

Objectives. We examined internal and external determinants of state’s adoption of impaired driving laws.

Methods. Data included 7 state-level, evidence-based public health laws collected from 1980 to 2010. We used event history analyses to identify predictors of first-time law adoption and subsequent adoption between state pairs. The independent variables were internal state factors, including the political environment, legislative professionalism, government capacity, state resources, legislative history, and policy-specific risk factors. The external factors were neighboring states’ history of law adoption and changes in federal law.

Results. We found a strong secular trend toward an increased number of laws over time. The proportion of younger drivers and the presence of a neighboring state with similar laws were the strongest predictors of first-time law adoption. The predictors of subsequent law adoption included neighbor state adoption and previous legislative action. Alcohol laws were negatively associated with first-time adoption of impaired driving laws, suggesting substitution effects among policy choices.

Conclusions. Organizations seeking to stimulate state policy changes may need to craft strategies that engage external actors, such as neighboring states, in addition to mobilizing within-state constituencies.
Let’s Get Physical: Sexual Orientation Disparities in Physical Activity, Sports Involvement, and Obesity Among a Population-Based Sample of Adolescents
Authors: Mereish Ethan H. , Poteat V. Paul
Published: July 2015

Objectives. We examined sexual orientation disparities in physical activity, sports involvement, and obesity among a population-based adolescent sample.

Methods. We analyzed data from the 2012 Dane County Youth Assessment for 13 933 students in grades 9 through 12 in 22 Wisconsin high schools. We conducted logistic regressions to examine sexual orientation disparities in physical activity, sports involvement, and body mass index among male and female adolescents.

Results. When we accounted for several covariates, compared with heterosexual females, sexual minority females were less likely to participate in team sports (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.37, 0.53) and more likely to be overweight (AOR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.62) or obese (AOR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.43, 2.48). Sexual minority males were less likely than heterosexual males to be physically active (AOR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.46, 0.83) or to participate in team sports (AOR = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.20, 0.32), but the 2 groups did not differ in their risk of obesity.

Conclusions. Sexual orientation health disparities in physical activity and obesity are evident during adolescence. Culturally affirming research, interventions, and policies are needed for sexual minority youths.
Prescription Disposal Practices: A 2-Year Ecological Study of Drug Drop Box Donations in Appalachia
Authors: Gray Jeffrey , Hagemeier Nicholas , Brooks Billy , Alamian Arsham
Published: July 2015

Objectives. We quantified controlled substance donations via permanent drug donation boxes over 2 years in a region with high prescription abuse, assessing medication characteristics, time between dispensing and donation, and weight of medications donated per capita.

Methods. In partnership with Drug Enforcement Administration and local law enforcement, we analyzed permanent drug donation box collections in 8 Northeast Tennessee locations from June 2012 to April 2014. We recorded controlled substance dosage units along with the product dispensing date.

Results. We collected 4841 pounds of pharmaceutical waste, 4.9% (238.5 pounds) of which were controlled substances, totaling 106 464 controlled substance doses. Analysis of dispensing dates for controlled substances indicated a median of 34 months lapsed from dispensing to donation (range = 1–484 months). The mean controlled substance donation rate was 1.39 pounds per 1000 residents. Communities with fewer than 10 000 residents had a statistically higher controlled substance donation rate (P = .002) compared with communities with 10 000 or more residents.

Conclusions. Permanent drug donation boxes can be an effective mechanism to remove controlled substances from community settings. Rural and urban community residents should be provided convenient and timely access to drug disposal options.
Trends in Educational Inequalities in Drug Poisoning Mortality: United States, 1994–2010
Authors: Richardson Robin , Charters Thomas , King Nicholas , Harper Sam
Published: July 2015

Objectives. We estimated trends in drug poisoning death rates by educational attainment and investigated educational inequalities in drug poisoning mortality by race, gender, and region.

Methods. We linked drug poisoning death counts from the National Vital Statistics System to population denominators from the Current Population Survey to estimate drug poisoning rates by gender, race, region, and educational attainment (less than high school degree, high school degree, some college, college degree) from 1994 to 2010.

Results. There were 372 485 drug poisoning deaths. Education-related inequalities increased during the study among all demographic groups and varied by region. Absolute increases in educational inequalities were higher among Whites than Blacks and men than women. The age-adjusted rate difference between White men with less than a high school degree increased from 8.7 per 100 000 in 1994 to 27.4 in 2010 (change = 18.7). Among Black men, the corresponding increases were 11.7 and 18.3, respectively (change = 6.6).

Conclusions. We found strong educational patterning in drug poisoning rates, chiefly by region and race. Rates are highest and increasing the fastest among groups with less education.
Vulnerable Bullies: Perpetration of Peer Harassment Among Youths Across Sexual Orientation, Weight, and Disability Status
Authors: Eisenberg Marla E. , Gower Amy L. , McMorris Barbara J. , Bucchianeri Michaela M.
Published: July 2015

Objectives. We examined perpetration of bullying among youths in vulnerable groups relative to youths in peer groups not categorized as vulnerable.

Methods. Data were collected in 2013 from a large school-based survey of adolescents conducted in Minnesota (n = 122 180). We used the χ2test and logistic regression to compare measures of perpetration of physical and relational bullying, as well as experiences of victimization and perpetration (or both), across categories of sexual orientation, weight status, and disability status.

Results. Rates of physical and relational bullying perpetration were significantly higher among youths in vulnerable groups than among those not in vulnerable groups. With respect to context of victimization experiences, young men and women from vulnerable groups were overrepresented in the group comprising both perpetrators and victims. For example, odds of being both a perpetrator and a victim were 1.41 to 3.22 times higher among gay, lesbian, and bisexual youths than among heterosexual youths.

Conclusions. Vulnerable youths, who are prone to peer harassment, may also act as perpetrators of bullying. Prevention strategies should address the particular needs of these populations; targeted programming may be appropriate.
High Alcohol Concentration Products Associated With Poverty and State Alcohol Policies
Authors: Rossheim Matthew E. , Thombs Dennis L. , Wagenaar Alexander C. , Xuan Ziming , Aryal Subhash
Published: July 2015

Objectives. We examined the associations among zip code demographics, the state alcohol policy environment, and the retail outlet availability of multiple fruit-flavored alcoholic drinks in a can (MFAC).

Methods. In a nationally representative sample of zip codes (n = 872), we merged data from 4 sources: publicly available marketing information from 2 major MFAC producers, the US Census Bureau, state alcohol regulatory agencies, and recent research on state alcohol policies. We used zero-inflated negative binomial regression models to examine MFAC outlet availability in the United States.

Results. More than 98% of MFAC outlets were off-premises alcohol establishments. After we controlled for population size and the number of licensed on- and off-premises alcohol outlets within zip codes, more families below the poverty line and weaker state alcohol control policies were associated with greater MFAC outlet availability.

Conclusions. Economic conditions and alcohol policy environment appeared to be related to MFAC outlet availability, after adjusting for the general availability of alcohol. Research is needed to determine whether MFACs are disproportionately contributing to alcohol-related harm in socially and economically disadvantaged communities. Policies to better regulate the off-premises sale of alcohol are needed.
Contextual Uncertainties, Human Mobility, and Perceived Food Environment: The Uncertain Geographic Context Problem in Food Access Research
Authors: Chen Xiang , Kwan Mei-Po
Published: July 2015

We examined the uncertainty of the contextual influences on food access through an analytic framework of the uncertain geographic context problem (UGCoP).

We first examined the compounding effects of two kinds of spatiotemporal uncertainties on people’s everyday efforts to procure food and then outlined three key dimensions (food access in real time, temporality of the food environment, and perceived nutrition environment) in which research on food access must improve to better represent the contributing environmental influences that operate at the individual level.

Guidelines to address the UGCoP in future food access research are provided to account for the multidimensional influences of the food environment on dietary behaviors.
Water-Induced Damage to Propped-Fracture Conductivity in Shale Formations
Authors: Zhang Junjing , Zhu D.. , Hill A. D.
Published: July 2015

Shale fracture conductivity can be reduced significantly by shale/water interactions. Factors that may influence shale fracture conductivity include shale mineralogy, proppant embedment, shale-fines migration, proppant-fines migration, brine concentration, longer-term stress application, and residual water in the fracture. The study of excessive proppant embedment has been reported in our previous work (Zhang et al. 2014a). This paper presents the studies of the remainder of these factors.

Laboratory experiments were run to understand each of these factors. To study the effect of rock mineralogy, recovered fracture conductivities after water damage were measured for Barnett shale, Eagle Ford shale, and Berea sandstone. During conductivity measurements, water-flow directions were switched to study the effect of shale-fines migration. The size of shale fines was measured by microscopic imaging techniques, and scanning-electron-microscope observations were also presented. Proppant-fines migration was examined by placing two colors of sand on each half of the fracture surface, and then a microscope was used to identify the migrated crushed sands of one sand color mixed in with the other sand color. Fresh water and 2% KCl were injected to study the effect of brine concentration. After water injection, the proppant pack was either fully dried or kept wet to investigate the damage caused by residual water.

Results showed that clay content determines the fracture-conductivity damage caused by water. Fines generated from the shale fracture because of fracture-face spalling, slope instability, and clay dispersion can migrate inside the fracture and are responsible for 12 to 20% of the conductivity reduction. There is no evidence of crushed-proppant-particle migration in this study. Longer-term stress application accounts for a 20% reduction of the fracture conductivity. In the Barnett shale tests, further conductivity damage caused by fresh water after brine injection is not significant when initial conductivities are greater than 65 md-ft. Removal of the residual water from the fracture by evaporation helps to recover the fracture conductivity to a small extent.

A theoretical model of propped-fracture conductivity was extended to include the effects of water damage on fracture conductivity. An empirical correlation for the damage effects in the Barnett shale was implemented in this model.
A pilot study of a subsurface-flow constructed wetland treating membrane concentrate produced from reclaimed water
Authors: Chakraborti Rajat K. , Bays James S. , Ng Thien , Balderrama Lou , Kirsch Terry
Published: July 2015

A pilot study was conducted for 7 months for the City of Oxnard, California, on the use of constructed wetlands to treat concentrate produced by microfiltration and reverse osmosis (RO) of reclaimed wastewater. The treatment performance of a transportable subsurface-flow wetland was investigated by monitoring various forms of nitrogen, orthophosphate, oxygen demand, organic carbon, and selenium. Significant mass removal of constituents was measured under two hydraulic residence times (HRTs) (2.5 and 5 days). Inflow and outflow concentrations of nitrate-N and ammonia-N were significantly different for both HRTs, whereas nitrite-N and total organic carbon (TOC) were significantly different during HRT2. Mass removal by the constructed wetland averaged 61% of nitrate-N, 32% of nitrite-N, 42% of ammonia-N, 43% of biochemical oxygen demand, 19% of orthophosphate as P, 18% of TOC and 61% of selenium. Mass removal exceeded concentration reductions through water volume loss through evapotranspiration. Calibrated first-order area-based removal rates were consistent with literature ranges, and were greater during HRT1 consistent with greater mass loads, higher hydraulic loading and shorter HRTs. The rate constants may provide a basis for sizing a full-scale wetland receiving a similar quality of water. The results indicated that engineered wetlands can be useful in the management of RO membrane concentrate for reclaimed water reuse.
Evaluation of Glycemia Control Achieved by Glargine and Lispro Versus Detemir and Aspart Insulin Regimes in Type 2 Diabetics Undergoing Surgery
Authors: Ahmad Mushtaq , Wafai Z.A , Mathur S.K , Lodha S , Khan Z.Y , Bansal Alka
Published: July 2015

There is paucity of scientific literature regarding the clinical outcome of long lasting basal insulin and rapid acting mealtime insulin regimes in surgical situations although employed in non-surgical situations. This study has evaluated the clinical outcome of two subcutaneous split-mixed Glargine+Lispro and Detemir+Aspart insulin regimes in type 2 diabetics undergoing surgery.
Pathophysiological Basis of Acute Respiratory Failure on Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Romero-Dapueto C , Budini H , Cerpa F , Caceres D , Hidalgo V , Gutiérrez T , Keymer J , Pérez R , Molina J , Giugliano-Jaramillo C
Published: July 2015

Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) was created for patients who needed noninvasive ventilator support, this procedure decreases the complications associated with the use of endotracheal intubation (ETT). The application of NIMV has acquired major relevance in the last few years in the management of acute respiratory failure (ARF), in patients with hypoxemic and hypercapnic failure. The main advantage of NIMV as compared to invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is that it can be used earlier outside intensive care units (ICUs). The evidence strongly supports its use in patients with COPD exacerbation, support in weaning process in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE), and Immunosuppressed patients. On the other hand, there is poor evidence that supports the use of NIMV in other pathologies such as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and during procedures as bronchoscopy, where its use is still controversial because the results of these studies are inconclusive against the decrease in the rate of intubation or mortality.
Long Term Results of Visual Field Progression Analysis in Open Angle Glaucoma Patients Under Treatment
Authors: Kocatürk Tolga , Bekmez Sinan , Katrancı Merve , Çakmak Harun , Dayanır Volkan
Published: July 2015

Purpose :

To evaluate visual field progression with trend and event analysis in open angle glaucoma patients under treatment.

Materials and Methods :

Fifteen year follow-up results of 408 eyes of 217 glaucoma patients who were followed at Adnan Menderes University, Department of Ophthalmology between 1998 and 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Visual field data were collected for Mean Deviation (MD), Visual Field Index (VFI), and event occurrence.

Results :

There were 146 primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 123 pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (XFG) and 139 normal tension glaucoma (NTG) eyes. MD showed significant change in all diagnostic groups (p<0.001). The difference of VFI between first and last examinations were significantly different in POAG (p<0.001), and XFG (p<0.003) but not in NTG. VFI progression rates were -0.3, -0.43, and -0.2 % loss/year in treated POAG, XFG, and NTG, respectively. The number of empty triangles were statistically different between POAG-NTG (p=0.001), and XFG-NTG (p=0.002) groups. The number of half-filled (p=0.002), and full-filled (p=0.010) triangles were significantly different between XFG-NTG groups.

Conclusion :

Functional long-term follow-up of glaucoma patients can be monitored with visual field indices. We herein report our fifteen year follow-up results in open angle glaucoma.
Between constitution and interpretation: Identity as history
Authors: Hilt Annette
Published: July 2015

The paper focuses on the possibilities to constitute meaning in the
?borderline- situations? (Jaspers) of the social sphere, such as the loss of
validity of orientation within and experience of reality in the socially
shared structures of the lifeworld. On the one hand, I will refer to A.
Schutz? and his constitution-analysis of foreign understanding and of shared
meaning; on the other hand, I bear onto I. Kert?sz literary project to
narrate the biography of an Auschwitz-survivor as close to his experiential
perspective as possible. I will focus both on the concept of constitution and
of interpretation with respect to their enabling of the transcending of a
typologized everyday?s world which suppresses subjective meaning and its
individual articulation. The main guideline is the problem how identity ?
i.e. a life-story ? is configured out of subjective meaning without recourse
to everyday reality. A. Schutz?s and Th. Luckmann?s note on a range of social
transcendences and on biographical categories referring to the constitution
of a socially shared meaning offer a theoretical perspective for dealing with
constitutive differences within the reach of understanding social meaning;
Kert?sz? narrative mode expandes this theoretical stance as it problematizes
exemplary subjective experience.
Identity and communication
Authors: Fabris Adriano
Published: July 2015

The theme of identity is of central importance for the work of sociologists,
cultural anthropologists, historians of religion, political scientists,
biologists, geneticists, phylologists, logicians, legal scholars, linguists
and semiologists. Their research contributions are without doubt productive.
However, my approach differs completely. My aim is to investigate the term
identity by using philosophical categories, on the one hand, and ethics of
communication on the other. I first attempt at clarifying certain problems
that characterize the concept of identity. I focus in particular on the
relationship between the concepts of "identity" and "alterity". I then
analyze these problems in relation to the specific praxis of communication.
Within the framework of this investigation I formulate an idea of
communication that differs from the currently mos widespread ones and I point
out its unique ethical value.
Identity and singularity: Metastability and morphogenesis in light of Deleuze
Authors: Barison Marcello
Published: July 2015

The question of life is inextricably connected with the problem of
identification and with the fact that each identification process includes
the acquisition of a form. Nevertheless, it appears that at the biological
level, that is, for what concerns a morphogenetic description of the status
of the living being, the term singularity comes into play right there where
you would expect to get into the notion of identity. According to Christian
De Duve, the organic form has no identity, but it expresses - and is an
expression of - a singularity. Given these observations, this is the object
of the paper: to explain in a clear and consistent way how these terms -
namely identity and singularity - differ and whether it is possible to ground
their distinction in a coherent theoretical manner.
The ontological indifference: A realist reading of Kant and Hegel
Authors: Simoniti Jure
Published: July 2015

The article challenges the first premise of ?speculative realism?, according
to which, with Kant, the contact with the outside world was lost. Instead, it
will be shown that the possibility of realism received its major impulse from
two grand figures of German Idealism, from Kant as a precursor of the
Romantic period and from Hegel as its, albeit critical, philosophical
culmination. Based on three possible relations of knowledge to its outside,
three ontologies will be distinguished, the ontology of immediacy, stretching
from rationalists to the last empiricists, Kant?s ontology of totalization,
and, finally, Hegel?s ?ontology of release? or ?de-totalization?. As opposed
to Descartes?s thing being constantly doubted in its existence, as opposed to
Malebranche?s occasion being invariably induced by God, as opposed to
Leibniz?s monad being an immediate embodiment of an idea, as opposed to
Berkeley?s object vanishing when not perceived, and as opposed to Hume?s
world lacking necessity, Kant philosophically warranted a world that does not
have to be perpetually verified and can, hence, exist devoid of ideas
produced by God and outside the constancy of the human gaze. Kant secured the
normal and necessary existence of the world behind our backs and procured us
with the common-sense normality of the world, but it was only Hegel?s
absolute subjectivism that granted us the first glimpses into the radical
meaninglesness of the facticity. It was not until Hegel?s logic of
indifference of the notion to its immediate content that an egress of the
circle of Kant?s totalization was made possible.
Armchair Auditors: Crowdsourcing Analysis of Government Expenditures
Authors: O'Leary Daniel E.
Published: July 2015

Increasingly, there is interest in using information and communications technology (ICT) to help build a “better world.” As an example, the United Kingdom has initiated an “open data” movement to disclose financial information about federal and local governments and other organizations. This has led to the use of a wide range of technologies (Internet, Databases, Web 2.0, etc.) to facilitate disclosure. However, since there is a huge cost of generating and maintaining open data, there also is a concern: “will anyone do anything with the data?”

In a speech in 2009, David Cameron, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, used the term “armchair auditor” to describe crowdsourcing analysis of that data. In that speech, Cameron (2009) noted: “Just imagine the effect that an army of armchair auditors is going to have on those expense claims.” Accordingly, as more and more countries and organizations generate open data, those “armchair auditors” could play an increasingly important role: to help crowdsource monitoring of government expenditures. This paper investigates a number of potential benefits and a number of emerging concerns associated with armchair auditors.
MLL3 and MLL4 Methyltransferases Bind to the MAFA and MAFB Transcription Factors to Regulate Islet β-Cell Function
Authors: Scoville David W. , Cyphert Holly A. , Liao Lan , Xu Jianming , Reynolds Al , Guo Shuangli , Stein Roland
Published: July 2015

Insulin produced by islet β-cells plays a critical role in glucose homeostasis, with type 1 and type 2 diabetes both resulting from inactivation and/or loss of this cell population. Islet-enriched transcription factors regulate β-cell formation and function, yet little is known about the molecules recruited to mediate control. An unbiased in-cell biochemical and mass spectrometry strategy was used to isolate MafA transcription factor–binding proteins. Among the many coregulators identified were all of the subunits of the mixed-lineage leukemia 3 (Mll3) and 4 (Mll4) complexes, with histone 3 lysine 4 methyltransferases strongly associated with gene activation. MafA was bound to the ∼1.5 MDa Mll3 and Mll4 complexes in size-fractionated β-cell extracts. Likewise, closely related human MAFB, which is important to β-cell formation and coproduced with MAFA in adult human islet β-cells, bound MLL3 and MLL4 complexes. Knockdown of NCOA6, a core subunit of these methyltransferases, reduced expression of a subset of MAFA and MAFB target genes in mouse and human β-cell lines. In contrast, a broader effect on MafA/MafB gene activation was observed in mice lacking NCoA6 in islet β-cells. We propose that MLL3 and MLL4 are broadly required for controlling MAFA and MAFB transactivation during development and postnatally.