bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effective Filling Rate in Filling Mining’s Influence on Overlying Strata’s Movement
Authors: Hao Jian , Shi Yong Kui , Qi Min Hua , Zhang Lei
Published: August 2013

Similarities and differences of overlying strata movement rule and abutment pressure distribution between filling stope and traditional strope was analysied guided by “practical mine pressure control theory ”. The admissible condition of strata’s depending from bending failure to caving was put forward, and caving zone’s height was analysied on the basis of this. Results showed that caving zone’s height and resistant force required by hydraulic pillar would decrease leapingly ,until the lowest strata transfer into the main roof, and when pressure was stable main roof’s maximum subsidence would become smaller. With the increase of the effective filling rate, filling body’s supporting degree to overlying would increase, when the filling rate reaches to a value, Coal wall’s edge would not appear the plastic zone, the abutment pressure curve is monotone decline with the peak near coal wall edge .
Experimental Research on Deformation Properties of Gangue-Paste Filling Material in Mine
Authors: Shi Jun Wei
Published: August 2013

According to the mechanical properties of paste filling body under special environment such as high temperature high humidity high stress and high airtight) in gob, mechanical properties of gangue-paste filling body was studied with the method of field core and laboratory test. The complete stress-strain curve of filling body under the condition of uniaxial and triaxial and the ultimate compressive strength under different confining pressure station were obtained through uniaxial and triaxial compression test. Six stages of uniaxial compression complete stress-strain curve (compression stage, elastic deformation stage, non-stable developing stages, plastic hardening stage, stress softening stage and residual deformation stage) were improved and developed. The deformation characteristics of filling body under triaxial compression were different from that under uniaxial compression. Namely the deformation of filling body under triaxial compression only appeared two deformation stages: linear deformation stage and plastic hardening stage, but had no softening stage basically under different confining pressures, which was benefit for controlling the ground subsidence and preventing the ground buildings.
Numerical Simulation Analysis on Deformation Mechanism of Shallow-Buried Soft Rock Roadway
Authors: Tian Zhi Chao , Dong Long Hao , Liu Ye Jiao
Published: August 2013

The pressure control of soft-rock and roadway support has been one of the challenges of underground mines. Soft-rock support is very difficult in many places in China and is becoming a kind of main influencing factors in the development and economic of mining community. Numerical simulation research on the deformation mechanism of soft-rock tunnel contributes to the development of soft-rock support theory. The numerical calculation model of shallow buried soft-rock is based on Hongya coalmine; ANSYS is used to analysis the deformation law inward to find out how to control the soft-rock deformation. Hence we can know the main influence in the shallow soft-rock tunnel stability. The results are of great importance to the mines that have similar geological conditions.
Numerical Simulation of Breaking Arch Evolution Rule of Coal Seams Mining
Authors: Tang Jian Quan , Hou Yu Ting , Zhang Chao , Hao Jian
Published: August 2013

Numerical simulation analysis were done on breaking arch developing and evolving process of both single stope and coal seams mining field by FLAC3D. Results show that in single strope's advancing process, breaking arch's height would be different as strope's length changes, and breaking arch's height was decided by strope's length; in composite strope, as the coal pillar increasing, composite strope's breaking arch gradually develops from superposition state to independent state; as the strope's length changing composite strope's superposition state tend to balance
Outburst Hazard Prediction Based on the Monitoring Data in Heading Face
Authors: Wu Fu Sheng , Liu Shui Wen
Published: August 2013

To analyse the outburst hazard of heading face in real time, based on the mechanism of coal and gas burst and its forecasting principle, four real-time predictive indicators were proposed, which involve three aspects: crustal stress, gas, physical and mechanical properties of coal, and had a verification test. The results show that the real-time predictive indicators are in good agreement with the traditional indicators, whose deviation are mainly caused by gas exceeded. With the monitoring data in monitoring system, the outburst hazard of heading face could be predicted in real time, which could help to prevent outburst.
Research and Practice of Rock Mechanics for Mining of Large and Thick Pillars with Inclusion of Fillings
Authors: Cao Hui , Xie Lian Ku , Yang Xiao Cong , Chen Zan Cheng
Published: August 2013

Through investigation and test analysis of current situation of testing stope and surrounding filling and isolation layer of mines, understand the basic mechanical characteristics and integrity characteristic of surrounding rock mass and fillings of chamber to be mined; combining with comparative analysis of technical and economic index of mining, considering making full use of the existing personnel, equipment and technology, it is concluded that stoping technology scheme of chamber is large-diameter deep-hole afterwards filling mining method; by using the numerical analysis method, through comprehensive analysis of stress, deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding fillings in mining, finally determine the optimal recovery scheme is mining by recovery unit of upper and lower plate. At present the ore block has been successfully and safely mined. Research results can provide reference for recovery of similar ore block, in order to realize safe and efficient recovery of "island" ore block in mining with filling mining method.
Geochemistry of Huyanshan Alkaline Complex, Shanxi Province, China: Evidences for the Sources of Magma
Authors: Kang Jian , Li Meng , Shi Song Lin
Published: August 2013

The Huyanshan alkaline complex outcrops in the middle part of the eastern wing of the Lvliang Mountain in Shanxi Province. Due to its typical alkaline rock type, the Huyanshan alkaline complex has attracted much attention from the geological field all the time. This paper describes the characteristic of trace elements of the Huyanshan alkaline complex and discussed the scientific problems such as magma sources and substance composition. The primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagram shows that the Huyanshan alkaline complex are enriched in Pb, Hf, Sr, Ba, Cs, Th, U and depleted in Cr, Ni and Co. The data presented indicates that the complex has deep source characteristic and derives from enriched mantle controlled by spinel peridotite partial melting process.
Research on Technology Innovation of Coal Industry under Environmental Regulation
Authors: Ma Yuan , Yin Hua , Cui Wei
Published: August 2013

Multiple regression analysis of coal industry technology innovation is done by using data of years 1990-2008. It is found that technology innovation crowding-out effect do exist at coal industry. It is also found that environmental regulation can motivate coal enterprises technology innovation by adding variable. So the conclusion is got that proper environmental regulation policy is good for coal enterprises to improve competitiveness. Porter Hypothesis is tested.
Keywords: environmental regulation, technology innovation, coal enterprise, crowding-out effect, Porter hypothesis
Study on Characteristic and Mechanism of Deformation and Failure of Roadway Surrounding Rock in Deep Mining
Authors: Li Yong , Zhao Yi Xin , Wang Chen , Li Xue Hua
Published: August 2013

In order to study the mechanics of the deformation of the wall rock, the right roadway in Chengshan mining field, Jixi Mine was chosen to determine the physical property, micro-structure, ingredients, clay and the inner-relationships between these properties using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and theoretical analysis. For further understanding the deformation mechanics within the wall rock, hollow inclusion stress release method was used. At the end, mechanism of the wall rock in the deep was established and corresponding deformation control technology was discussed by numerical simulation.
Study on Contraction of Dust Control System in Continuous Coal Mining
Authors: Ren Yu Hui , Qin Yue Ping
Published: August 2013

Most of the dust control models indicate the line-curtain air reaching the face is limited and does not extend. Lower air quantity at the face helps in containing and concentrating the dust close to the face where no occupations are present. Hence, effective use of hydraulic sprays and directing the face dust-laden air into the scrubber may improve dust control. In this paper, we put forward a field testing of the modified scrubber-modified continuous miner demonstrated significant improvements in visibility and dust and quartz reduction, as compared to what was achieved with the current scrubber-current continuous miner dust control system. This is unfavorable from methane dilution point of view but can be used to advantage for improved dust control.
Study on the Principal of Ground Pressure within the Top Irregularly Damaged Zone in Working Face
Authors: Zhang Xiao Biao , Li Hai Tao , Li Yan Wei , Zhou Kun , Liu Jiao Xia
Published: August 2013

Top layered irregular damage zone conditions under stratified due to the stress concentration caused by the upper residual coal will lead to increased recovery difficult. This article by tracking Laokengkou coal mine 7408 face advancing the rock pressure value in the process and analysis, to grasp the distribution of stress concentration in different locations in the process of mining face, for the safety evaluation of the current conditions support improvement measures formulated to provide the necessary reference.
Study on Top Slice Irregular Destroyed Areas of Spatial Exploration Location and Mining Method
Authors: Zhang Xiao Biao , Li Hai Tao , Zhang Ke Xue , Liu Hua Bo , Tian Zhong Sheng
Published: August 2013

Slice mining, when mining lower slice need to consider on the effect of current face from top slice, especially when on top slice mining space irregular, it will make mining more difficult. Hair is drainage of these characteristics the lao keng kou mine by Geophysical means, take advantage of the characteristics of the water content in the mined-out area and media mutation specific master distribution of the residual top delamination, geophysical no damage proved an effective means of underground space structure and highly targeted research stoping methods, based on the conclusions formulated to ensure the safety and production measures in place to provide the necessary reference.
The Applied Research of Loose Blasting Technique in Managing Crushing Accident of Fully Mechanized Coal Mining Face
Authors: Wang Jian Wen
Published: August 2013

Support crushing accidents occur frequently in coal mines, which have a serious impact on their safety production. Usually people adopt the loose blasting technology for processing the pressing frame accidents, that is, using the detonative action generated by explosives to cause the rock mass particles vibration which would spread in the form of stress wave to crush the surrounding rock mass. After the release of the rock mass internal stress, the hydraulic support would make use of its own abutment pressure to prop up again the overlying rock and make it work normally. Based on the research of detonative action and making use of FLAC3D numerical simulation technology, this paper provides a theoretical basis as well as the experience for handling the pressing frame accidents by applying a dynamic load test to theoretically calculate the appropriate explosive amount.
Water Probe in Coal Mine Working Face
Authors: Shi Chen
Published: August 2013

Water probe in coal mine working face is an important part of the work of Mine Water. When the mine working face close to the aquifer hydraulic conductivity faults, underground rivers, caves and hydraulic conductivity collapse columns; extractive damaging effects, water probe should be done. However, the calculation of water inflow face probe has no feasible way. This paper discussed the theoretical calculations to explore water drilling inflow well group interference method and provides the basis for provision of drainage system for the coal mining enterprises.
Study on Drainage Oil to Prepare Collectors of Coal Flotation
Authors: Yang Jian Li , Du Mei Li , Liu Jing , Yu Chun Xia
Published: August 2013

At present, kerosene is one of the most widely used non-polar hydrocarbon oil collector agent in coal flotation in China, kerosene is difficult to dissolve in water, with good collector, but the dosage is comparatively large in the actual production.The drainage oil is from the dining recycled goods and the waste of animal flesh, can be used for preparation of fatty acid collector, which not only to reduce environmental pollution,but also to reduce the risk of food safety. At the same time, if drainage oil can replace the kerosene in coal collection, it will improve the coal preparation plant efficiency and solve the problem of shortage of national resources. In this study, we use Huangling coal as raw material for flotation experiment, use kerosene, diesel, drainage oil and emulsified drainage oil as collectors. Adding different collectors in the same flotation conditions to research the yield of clean coal, the clean coal ash and the yield of tailings by changing the dosage of collectors. The results show when adding to OP emulsifier and the proportion of water and oil is 6:4, flotation effects is the best, the yield of clean coal is 88.67%, the ash of clean coal is from 9.16% down to 8.63%, the yield of tailings is 11.32% .
Effect of Leaching Conditions on Dissolution Rate of Potassium from K-Feldspar Calcined Sample
Authors: Ren Xue Jiao , Xia Ju Pei , Zi Gui Qin , Yang Chao Qin , Zhang Zhao Shu , Li Guo Bin , Chao Jing Xia
Published: August 2013

Potassium feldspar, phosphogypsum and coke are used as raw materials to obtain soluble salts of calcined sample through mechanical grinding, roasting activation and leaching with acid. A study has been conducted on the factors that affect the leaching ratio of K2O of calcined samples, such as the type and concentration of leaching medium, temperature, time, liquid-solid ratio. The experiments show under the conditions that concentration of citric acid of 2% (wt%), liquid-solid ratio of 4, leaching for 4 hours at room temperature, potassium dissolution rate can reach 76.81%.
Research on the Thermal Decomposition Process of K-Feldspar-CaSO4-CaO System
Authors: Chao Jing Xia , Xia Ju Pei , Yang Chao Qin , Zhang Zhao Shu , Ren Xue Jiao
Published: August 2013

The thermal decomposition process of K-feldspar-CaSO4-CaO system was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the product which calcined at 1473K. The results show that KAlSi3O8 firstly is decomposed into KAlSi2O6 and released the SiO2, then has a complex reaction between KAlSi2O6 and CaO, which generated intermediates-K2SiO3 under the operating conditions. K2SiO3 is unstable and reacted with calcium sulfate to generate K2SO4. When the CaO amount is insufficient, the main products are KAlSi2O6 and 2CaOAl2O3SiO2, the potassium existed as K2S2O8; when n (CaO) / n (KAS6) 12:1, the products will further transfer into CaOSiO2 and 2CaO SiO2 and the potassium existed as K2SO4.
Application of Combined Collectors in Flotation of Lepidolite
Authors: He Gui Chun , Feng Jin Ni , Mao Mei Xin , Wu Yi Peng
Published: August 2013

Application of Combined Collectors in Flotation of Lepidolite were researched, and the object is the gravity concentration tailing of YiChun Tantalum&Niobium Mine. The experiments show: when LZ-00 dispensed by ourselves and mixed amine combined in two to one was used in lepidolite flotation, the flotation indexes is best,and the optimum dosage is 360g/t .The close circuit test can got the lepidolite concentrate with grade 4.12%, recovery 70.37% .It has a remarkable upgrading compared with the target of ore dressing plant . Infrared spectrum showed mineral surface existed chemical adsorption and physical adsorption and hydrogen bonding simultaneously when using LZ-00 and mixed amine to flotation lepidolite .
Extraction of Copper from a Refractory Copper Oxide Ore by Catalytic Oxidation Acid Leaching
Authors: Feng Qi Cheng , Wen Shu Ming , Chen Ci Yun , Zhao He Fei , Wang Yi Jie , Lv Chao
Published: August 2013

The study aimed to extract copper from copper oxide ores in which copper minerals had a complex association and dissemination with gangue minerals in the form of fine grain by catalytic oxidation acid leaching. Based on the research on the properties of the material and lots of experiments, the leaching process was performed. The optimum parameters of leaching process were determined as sulfuric acid dosage of 150 kg/t, KMnO4 dosage of 1500 g/t, liquid/solid mass ratio of 3 and leaching time of 45 minutes. Under such a condition, the leaching efficiency of 90.15% was achieved, which provided a way to improve leaching efficiency of copper for refractory copper oxide contained some copper sulphide using catalytic oxidation acid leaching.
Combined Application of Three Nondestructive Testing Methods in Simulation Test of a Large Concrete-Filled Steel Tube
Authors: Zhou Ming Ru , Guo Zhong Yu , Shen Qiong Fei , Li Zheng Bo
Published: August 2013

Bonding quality is the key factor that affects the safety of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) structure, so it is a very important research that how to judge the bonding quality. This paper expounded the theory of three methods used in nondestructive testing of CFST, and introduced the combined application of the methods of artificial tapping, ultrasonic testing, and strain analysis in a large simulation test.
Research of Green Building Materials and Engineering System Development Based on Wireless Sensor Zigbee Technology
Authors: Yuan Jin Song
Published: August 2013

Green building materials in the industry is also known as natural building materials, construction materials and environmental health building materials. Green building materials development and utilization are the construction of the following types, one is to save resources, and such as fly ash mixture is to reduce the consumption of natural resources. Wireless sensor network of Zigbee is used for data communication based on sensor networks. The paper proposes research of green building materials and engineering system development based on wireless sensor Zigbee technology. Experimental results show that the proposed technology has high efficiency.
The Novel Model of Building and Energy Engineering with New Building Materials Based on IPv6 Technology
Authors: Kuang Guo Fang , Sun Zhao Feng
Published: August 2013

New building materials variety and yield is developing with hitherto unknown speed, construction engineering development if the effective use of new building materials will be excellent performance of new technology. Novel building materials can significantly reduce the weight of buildings, to promote the light construction structure created the conditions. IPv6 is not only a good solution to the problem of the lack of IP address, but also due to the introduction of encryption and authentication mechanisms to make it a better improvement in the network. The paper presents the novel model of building and energy engineering based on IPv6 technology. Experimental results show that the proposed method has high efficiency.
Research on Building Materials and Engineering System Based on Embedded System
Authors: Hao Hong Qi , Zhao Bin
Published: August 2013

Building materials that constitute the building materials from the foundation, load-bearing member, until the materials used in floors, walls, and roof. The elastic material is deformed under external force, the nature of the original shape when the external force is canceled, can be fully restored. The paper designs and implements a way to use Java as the system software platform programmable ARM-based embedded systems, in order to achieve a variety of local applications and network support. The paper presents the research on building materials and engineering system based on embedded system. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has high efficiency.
Effect of Raw Material’s Properties to HMA’s Pavement Performance
Authors: Cong Zhuo Hong , Zheng Nan Xiang
Published: August 2013

In order to study the effect of the raw material’s properties to the HMA’s pavement performance, the asphalt, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate are studied. The test results show that: the modified asphalt content is more than the base asphalt with the same aggregate and gradation. The former’s pavement performance is obviously better than the latter’s. The granite mixture’s asphalt content is less than the gabbro mixture. Their high and low temperature performances are in the same level, but the former’s water stability is worse.
Ab Initio Calculations of a Refractory Ceramic (β-Ge3N4): A Computer Simulation
Authors: Xu Chao , Chen Dong
Published: August 2013

Ab initio electronic structures for β-Ge3N4are investigated using ultrasoft pseudo-potential method within the generalized gradient approximation functional. The lattice parameters are predicted theoretically, and are compared with available experimental data and the other theoretical results. The elastic constants calculations reveal that the phenacite structure is a stable phase in the pressure range of 020GPa. The high bulk modulus (B=180.2GPa) indicates that β-Ge3N4is a relatively hard material. β-Ge3N4has a direct band gap of 2.94eV, indicating its promising applications as a semiconductor in electronics and optical fibers. On the other hand, the density of states analysis is also included in this paper.* Corresponding author: CHEN Dong
Optimized Design of Energy Absorption Construction of ROPS
Authors: Feng Su Li , Zhang Qiu Ju , Tian Zhi Gang , Lin Sen
Published: August 2013

This article addresses design of ROPS model with energy absorption structure based on dimensions of cross section, characteristics of force and deformation pattern of ROPS. Optimum design parameters have been obtained from optimized analysis of multiple-objective structural crashworthiness of thin-walled straight square tube subject to deformation due to pore defect using a combination of finite element analysis, design of experiment, response surface methodology and generic algorithm.
Research on Mechanical Automation with Analysis of Modeling Train Collision Accident Based on Stochastic Petri Net
Authors: Cao Cheng Xuan , Wu Chao , Sun Ya Hua , Li Ke Ping
Published: August 2013

In this paper, we study the mechanical automation with analysis of modeling train collision accident based on stochastic Petri net and propose a model of train collision accident based on the theory of stochastic Petri net (SPN), and verified the validity of the model by testing its soundness. By isomorphic to Markov chain, we also can carry out quantitative analysis of the train collision accident. According to the data extracted froma large number of historical data of the accident statistics, we have carried out a case analysis and discussion, and the results presented in this paper may be useful to the railway safety management.
Research on Mechanical Automation with Analysis of Mixed Train Scheduling Problem on the High-Speed Rail Line
Authors: Cao Cheng Xuan , Sun Ya Hua , Wu Chao
Published: August 2013

In this paper, we study mechanical automation with analysis of mixed train scheduling problem on the high-speed rail line and present a new simulation approach for solving the mixed train scheduling problem on a high-speed double-track rail line. Based on the discrete-time movement model, we propose control strategies for mixed train movement on a high-speed double-track rail line. Using our proposed method, we can effectively simulate the mixed train schedule on a rail line. The numerical results demonstrate that a proper decrease of the departure intervals can enhance the capacity.
Automatic Anti-Skidding System Optimization Design for Military Vehicles on Ice and Snow Road
Authors: Cheng Qi
Published: August 2013

This paper discusses parameter optimization design and settings of automatic anti-skidding system for military vehicles on ice and snow road. The basic composition and installations of anti-skidding system as well as the basic work principles of anti-skidding system are introduced and analyzed according to kinematics, dynamics and driving principles the system provides. Then mathematics modeling and computer simulation carrying out optimization design are presented for this system.
Study on Automation Control with Water Quality Monitoring System Based on GPRS Technology
Authors: Lin Shi Wei , Zhai Yu Wen
Published: August 2013

The method of water quality monitoring applied by reservoirs is sampling in the scene and analyzing at the laboratory at present. Based on analyzing key problem of water quality monitoring, automatic water quality monitoring system based on GPRS is provided in this paper. The system structure and principle are introduced. The system collects, transmits and processes water quality parameters automatically, so the production efficiency and the economy benefit are improved greatly.
Study on Electric Automation with Reactive Optimization Based on TSGA in Power System
Authors: Zhao Jing , Shi Wei , Xu Chun Xiang
Published: August 2013

Focusing on electric automation with the reactive optimization for power system which is a nonlinear object with multiple variables and constraint conditions, the paper presents an optimal method based on Taboo Search and Genetic Algorithm, which inherits and develops the advantages of multiple search and high robust performance of Genetic Algorithm, and the high climbing ability of Taboo Search to improve the convergence performance and speed. The simulation for IEEE30 node system proves that the method introduced in the paper is appropriate and efficient in the field of electric automation.
The Research on Image Semantic Correlation Metrics Based on Word-Net in Communication Material
Authors: Zhang Jie Xin
Published: August 2013

In this paper, the semantics of the video image in different size, different levels of abstraction inherent in the semantic concept relations is proposed based on lexical semantic relations between concepts, with Word-Net tree concept hierarchy to organize marked keywords and search keywords thought, between the two images semantic similarity measure convert path from Word-Net concept between the nodes in communication material. The relationship between image semantic concepts is to measure and matching.
Study on Mechanical Automation with Improvement of Battery Test System for Electric Vehicle
Authors: Wan Yi Peng , Yao Wei
Published: August 2013

Aiming at the problems of the existing battery test system, a EV battery test platform with high degree of simulation is designed, based on the upper and lower computer structure after a lot of analysis. The PC software is also compiled, which could simulate the real road status, or to control the battery to discharge with constant current or constant power, by the communication with the lower computer through 485 bus and CAN bus. The corresponding control method to realize the discharging test with constant current is designed, also an interface to Excel which can read the configure information from Excel to realize the simulation of discharging test is designed. There are some curves I got are shown below. Several battery packs test are completed. Also, the improvement of battery test system for electric vehicle will make a great contribution in the field of mechanical automation
A Brief Study on Electronic Materials with Automation System in Autonomous Learning with Electronic Materials
Authors: Wu Chun Mei
Published: August 2013

The popularity of modern education technology has made a great impact on teaching materials. The future of textbooks is doomed to be electronic materials.Based on the analysis of the current situation of college English teaching in China, this paper proposes the application of electronic network teaching materials( ENTM) as a help supplement to the classroom teaching. After exploring the concept and characteristics of ENTM, the author conducts an empirical study to testify learners’ autonomy and their learning effect can be promoted with the help of ENTM.
The Probability Distribution Modeling of Surface Heat Flux Density on Metal Material
Authors: Yang Cheng Zhi , Zhou Li
Published: August 2013

In order to get the energy consumption relationship in the heating process of metal material, the probability and statistics law between the temperature distribution and surface heat flux density of heating metal material is established in this paper. Moreover the surface heat flux density distribution of heating metal material is used to associate with its energy consumption. And it builds a new technology method for saving energy control decisions.
Ionic Liquid Assisted Dispersion of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Epoxy Composites with Improved Mechanical Properties
Authors: Liu Yue E , He Cheng En , Peng Ren Gui , Tang Wei , Yang Ying Kui
Published: August 2013

Graphene nanosheets were prepared by chemical reduction of the exfoliated graphite oxide using sodium borohydride (NaBH4). The graphene/epoxy composites were separately fabricated in the absence or presence of imidazolium-based ionic liquids, and their dynamic thermomechanical and tensile properties were studied. TEM examinations show that graphene sheets are well dispersed in the epoxy resin and have strong interface adhesion with the matrix due to the π-π and/or cation-π interactions between graphene and imidazolium ions. The composite fabricated by assistance of ionic liquids shows larger increases in Youngs modulus, tensile strength, storage modulus and glass transition temperature compared to the composite without using ionic liquids. This work provides a method for the fabrication of multifunctional graphene-based polymer composites.
Fracture Failure Mechanism Analysis of a Type of Tracklayer Gearbox Casing Based on Mechanical Mechanics and Material Properties
Authors: Niu Yue Ting , Mu Xi Hui , Li Li , Li Liang Chun
Published: August 2013

The gearbox casings fatigue fracture is one of the most serious forms of failure in the tracked vehicle transmission system. This paper studies the fracture failure mechanism of the gearbox casing of a typical tracked vehicle by the material analysis and structural stress analysis. The results show that, the structure of the stress concentration and the organization defects such as inclusions and porosities in the Casing Material ZL101 cast aluminum alloy are the main reasons for fatigue crack initiation and propagation. This paper made recommendations on how to improve fatigue life of this kind of parts.
Postfixed Brachial Plexus Radiculopathy Due to Thoracic Disc Herniation in a Collegiate Wrestler: A Case Report
Authors: Kuzma Scott A. , Doberstein Scott T. , Rushlow David R.
Published: August 2013

Objective:

To present the unique case of a collegiate wrestler with C7 neurologic symptoms due to T1–T2 disc herniation.

Background:

A 23-year-old male collegiate wrestler injured his neck in a wrestling tournament match and experienced pain, weakness, and numbness in his left upper extremity. He completed that match and 1 additional match that day with mild symptoms. Evaluation by a certified athletic trainer 6 days postinjury showed radiculopathy in the C7 distribution of his left upper extremity. He was evaluated further by the team physician, a primary care physician, and a neurosurgeon.

Differential Diagnosis:

Cervical spine injury, stinger/burner, peripheral nerve injury, spinal cord injury, thoracic outlet syndrome, brachial plexus radiculopathy.

Treatment:

The patient initially underwent nonoperative management with ice, heat, massage, electrical stimulation, shortwave diathermy, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs without symptom resolution. Cervical spine radiographs were negative for bony pathologic conditions. Magnetic resonance imaging showed evidence of T1–T2 disc herniation. The patient underwent surgery to resolve the symptoms and enable him to participate for the remainder of the wrestling season.

Uniqueness:

Whereas brachial plexus radiculopathy commonly is seen in collision sports, a postfixed brachial plexus in which the T2 nerve root has substantial contribution to the innervation of the upper extremity is a rare anatomic variation with which many health care providers are unfamiliar.

Conclusions:

The injury sustained by the wrestler appeared to be C7 radiculopathy due to a brachial plexus traction injury. However, it ultimately was diagnosed as radiculopathy due to a T1–T2 thoracic intervertebral disc herniation causing impingement of a postfixed brachial plexus and required surgical intervention. Athletic trainers and physicians need to be aware of the anatomic variations of the brachial plexus when evaluating and caring for patients with suspected brachial plexus radiculopathies.
Ad Libitum Fluid Intake and Plasma Responses After Pickle Juice, Hypertonic Saline, or Deionized Water Ingestion
Authors: Allen Scott , Miller Kevin C. , Albrecht Jay , Garden-Robinson Julie , Blodgett-Salafia Elizabeth
Published: August 2013

Context:

Adding sodium (Na+) to drinks improves rehydration and ad libitum fluid consumption. Clinicians (∼25%) use pickle juice (PJ) to treat cramping. Scientists warn against PJ ingestion, fearing it will cause rapid plasma volume restoration and thereby decrease thirst and delay rehydration. Advice about drinking PJ has been developed but never tested.

Objective:

To determine if drinking small volumes of PJ, hypertonic saline (HS), or deionized water (DIW) affects ad libitum DIW ingestion, plasma variables, or perceptual indicators.

Design:

Crossover study.

Setting:

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:

Fifteen, euhydrated (urine specific gravity ≤ 1.01) men (age = 22 ± 2 years, height = 178 ± 6 cm, mass = 82.9 ± 8.4 kg).

Intervention(s):

Participants completed 3 testing days (≥72 hours between days). After a 30-minute rest, a blood sample was collected. Participants completed 60 minutes of hard exercise (temperature = 36 ± 2°C, relative humidity = 16 ± 1%). Postexercise, they rested for 30 minutes; had a blood sample collected; rated thirst, fullness, and nausea; and ingested 83 ± 8 mL of PJ, HS, or DIW. They rated drink palatability (100-mm visual analog scale) and were allowed to drink DIW ad libitum for 60 minutes. Blood samples and thirst, fullness, and nausea ratings (100-mm visual analog scales) were collected at 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes posttreatment drink ingestion.

Main Outcome Measure(s):

Ad libitum DIW volume, percentage change in plasma volume, plasma osmolality (OSMp,) plasma sodium concentration ([Na+]p), and thirst, fullness, nausea, and palatability ratings.

Results:

Participants consumed more DIW ad libitum after HS (708.03 ± 371.03 mL) than after DIW (532.99 ± 337.14 mL, P < .05). Ad libitum DIW ingested after PJ (700.35 ± 366.15 mL) was similar to that after HS and DIW (P > .05). Plasma sodium concentration, OSMp, percentage change in plasma volume, thirst, fullness, and nausea did not differ among treatment drinks over time (P > .05). Deionized water (73 ± 14 mm) was more palatable than HS (17 ± 13 mm) or PJ (26 ± 16 mm, P < .05).

Conclusions:

The rationale behind advice about drinking PJ is questionable. Participants drank more, not less, after PJ ingestion, and plasma variables and perceptual indicators were similar after PJ and DIW ingestion. Pickle juice did not inhibit short-term rehydration.
Motion in the Unstable Cervical Spine When Transferring a Patient Positioned Prone to a Spine Board
Authors: Conrad Bryan P. , Marchese Diana L. , Rechtine Glenn R. , Prasarn Mark , Del Rossi Gianluca , Horodyski MaryBeth H.
Published: August 2013

Context:

Two methods have been proposed to transfer an individual in the prone position to a spine board. Researchers do not know which method provides the best immobilization.

Objective:

To determine if motion produced in the unstable cervical spine differs between 2 prone logrolling techniques and to evaluate the effect of equipment on the motion produced during prone logrolling.

Design:

Crossover study.

Setting:

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:

Tests were performed on 5 fresh cadavers (3 men, 2 women; age = 83 ± 8 years, mass = 61.2 ± 14.1 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s):

Three-dimensional motions were recorded during 2 prone logroll protocols (pull, push) in cadavers with an unstable cervical spine. Three equipment conditions were evaluated: football shoulder pads and helmet, rigid cervical collar, and no equipment. The mean range of motion was calculated for each test condition.

Results:

The pull technique produced 16% more motion than the push technique in the lateral-bending angulation direction (F1,4 = 19.922, P = .01, η2 = 0.833). Whereas the collar-only condition and, to a lesser extent, the football-shoulder-pads-and-helmet condition demonstrated trends toward providing more stability than the no-equipment condition, we found no differences among equipment conditions. We noted an interaction between technique and equipment, with the pull maneuver performed without equipment producing more anteroposterior motion than the push maneuver in any of the equipment conditions.

Conclusions:

We saw a slight difference in the motion measured during the 2 prone logrolling techniques tested, with less lateral-bending and anteroposterior motion produced with the logroll push than the pull technique. Therefore, we recommend adopting the push technique as the preferred spine-boarding maneuver when a patient is found in the prone position. Researchers should continue to seek improved methods for performing prone spine-board transfers to further decrease the motion produced in the unstable spine.
Serological survey of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in Namibian and South African kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) and eland (Taurotragus oryx)
Authors: Scott Terence P. , Stylianides Eleanor , Markotter Wanda , Nel Louis
Published: August 2013

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is a pestivirus that affects members of the order Artiodactyla, including members of the subfamily Bovinae. Little is known about the seroprevalence of BVDV in southern Africa, especially the prevalence in wild ruminant populations such as kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros). A handful of random surveys suggested that seroprevalence ranged between 6% and 70% in southern African wild ruminants. The present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of BVDV amongst kudu and eland (Taurotragus oryx) from Namibia and South Africa. A BVDV-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed on 50 serum samples from kudu and eland from South Africa and Namibia. The seroprevalence of BVDV in South African kudu was 71%, identical to that in Namibian kudu. The seroprevalence in Namibian eland was 40%. The kudu and cattle farming (free ranging) regions in Namibia predominantly overlap in the central regions, ensuring ample opportunity for cross-species transmission of BVDV. It is therefore important to determine the true prevalence of BVDV in southern Africa in both domesticated and wild animals. In addition, a potential link between BVDV incidence and a devastating rabies epidemic in Namibian kudu was proposed and such a notion could be supported or discredited by comparative prevalence data.
The re-introduction of springbok Antidorcas marsupialis into South African National Parks – A documentation
Authors: De Graaff G. , Penzhorn B. L.
Published: August 2013

The introduction and establishment of springbok populations in four South African National Parks are discussed. Springbok have failed to establish themselves in the Addo Elephant National Park but are thriving in the Mountain Zebra, Golden Gate Highlands and Bontebok National Parks, although the latter Park is extralimital to their original range.
Population characteristics and recent history of lions in two parts of the Kruger National Park
Authors: Smuts G. L.
Published: August 2013

A survey entailing the capture and marking of lions was undertaken in two parts of the Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa, during 1974 and 1975. A total of 347 lions were captured and marked while 62 were destroyed as part of an experimental cropping operation. Sixty out of 66 prides contained marked lions.
Lewensloop van 'n elandbevolking Taurotragus oryx in die Bontebok Nasionale Park
Authors: De Graaff G. , Van der Walt P. T. , Van Zyl L. J.
Published: August 2013

A description of the life history of an eland population Taurotragus oryx in the Bontebok National Park, near Swellendam is given. The reasons which led to the eventual removal of the population from the Park are discussed.
Acute Wallerian degeneration of middle cerebellar peduncles due to basilar artery thrombosis
Authors: Gala Foram , Becker Anton , Pfeiffer Markus , Kollias Spyros
Published: August 2013

Wallerian degeneration (WD) is the process of demyelination and disintegration of the distal axonal segment following the interruption of the axonal integrity or damage to the neuron. We report a patient having WD of middle cerebellar peduncles due to pontine infarction caused by basilar artery thrombosis. We review the anatomy and discuss the pathogenesis of this condition.
Peridynamic State-Based Models and the Embedded-Atom Model
Authors: Seleson Pablo , Parks Michael L. , Gunzburger Max
Published: August 2013

We investigate connections between nonlocal continuum models and molecular dynamics. A continuous upscaling of molecular dynamics models of the form of the embedded-atom model is presented, providing means for simulating molecular dynamics systems at greatly reduced cost. Results are presented for structured and structureless material models, supported by computational experiments. The nonlocal continuum models are shown to be instances of the state-based peridynamics theory. Connections relating multibody peridynamic models and upscaled nonlocal continuum models are derived.
Adolescent Health-Tackling Menstrual Hygiene Issue through Social Marketing of Sanitary Napkins Scheme: An Evaluation Study from Haryana
Authors: Singh Amarjeet , Sinha Smita
Published: August 2013

Background and objectives

Menstrual hygiene is far from satisfactory among a large proportion of Indian women. To overcome the barriers for using sanitary napkins among rural women in Haryana, a social marketing scheme was launched. As the program is in nascent stage of implementation the factors influencing it need to be evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the stakeholder's perspectives and factors influencing this scheme.

Materials and methods

We carried out a qualitative study during April’ 2011 in Lalpur, Naraingarh, Ambala, Northern India. The experience and opinion of rural girls, women, ANM, ASHA and Sakshar Mahila Samooh (SMS) members were elicited during 10 in-depth interviews and four FGDs.

Results

Majority of women were motivated to use sanitary napkins. They perceived that use of sanitary napkin was beneficial for them. The grass root workers involved in production work of sanitary napkins were disappointed with irregular flow of funds. The other stakeholders in the community were not actively involved in the implementation of this scheme.

Conclusion

To conclude, there is a huge marketing potential of low cost sanitary napkins in this rural area of Haryana. The program needs to actively involve various stakeholders and to ensure regular flow of fund.

How to cite this article

Sinha S, Singh A. Adolescent Health-Tackling Menstrual Hygiene Issue through Social Marketing of Sanitary Napkins Scheme: An Evaluation study from Haryana J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(3):127-130.
A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study of the Role of Heparin in Preventing Deep Venous Thrombosis in Postoperative Craniotomy Patients
Authors: Prakash Mahesh , Malhotra Pankaj , Singla Navneet , Bendapudi Durga Prasad , Chhabra Rajesh , Gupta Sunil Kumar
Published: August 2013

Background

Patients undergoing surgery for intracranial tumors are at significant risk of developing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) due to postoperative immobilization. The role of heparin prophylaxis in preventing this complication and the risk of intracranial hemorrhagic complications due to anticoagulation is not well established. The present study was designed to address this issue.

Materials and methods

A prospective randomized study was conducted to include 100 patients who were undergoing surgery for intracranial tumors. Patients who were immobilized in bed for more than 48 hours after surgery were included. The patients were categorized into two groups depending upon whether they received heparin prophylaxis or not. Further each group was subdivided into two based upon the duration of surgery: Less than or more than 3 hours. The incidence of DVT and of postoperative hemorrhagic complications was studied in all the groups. Various demographic as well as risk factors were analyzed to assess their impact on the incidence of DVT.

Results

Overall incidence of DVT was 17%. Incidence of DVT was 12% in patients who received heparin as compared to 22% who did not. However, this difference did not reach statistical significance. The incidence was almost double when the duration of surgery was more than 3 hours. Patients with 2 or more risk factors had an increased frequency of DVT. One patient in the heparin positive group died as a result of postoperative hemorrhagic complication.

Conclusion

The incidence of DVT was found to be numerically lower in patients who received postoperative heparin as well as in patients in whom the duration of surgery was less than 3 hours.

How to cite this article

Singla N, Bendapudi DP, Chhabra R, Malhotra P, Prakash M, Gupta SK. A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study of the Role of Heparin in Preventing Deep Venous Thrombosis in Postoperative Craniotomy Patients. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(3):131-137.
Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices of Caregivers Regarding Home Based Bedsore Care in Chandigarh, North India
Authors: Kaur Sukhpal , Singh Amarjeet , Sharma Upasana
Published: August 2013

Background

Bedsores are quite frequent in bedridden cases. Caregivers have an important role in the management of such cases.

Objectives

To assess the knowledge, beliefs and practices of caregivers regarding bedsore care practices and management.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chandigarh from September to November 2011. Caregivers were interviewed about the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding care of bedridden patients and their problems like bedsores.

Results

Data was collected from 42 bedridden cases (22 males and 20 females). Age was 18 to 90 years. Bedsores were found in 10 bedridden cases. Most common underlying diagnosis was neurological disease in 24 cases. Twenty-nine patients consulted government hospitals. Earlier episode of bedsore was experienced in about 14 cases. In 24 cases bed sheet was changed daily. In 11 cases, for more than two times patient had to wait for more than half an hour if urine/stools were passed in bed. In six cases unqualified practitioners were also consulted. Thirty-seven of them complied with the physician's advice. Seventeen of the caregivers were aware of the warning signs of development of bedsores. Exercises were not performed in 26 cases. Different dressing regimes were reported viz til oil, desi ghee, platelet ointment, paraffin wax, etc.

Conclusion

Quality of care of bedridden was not good. There is a need for formal training for the caregivers as most of them were untrained. Evaluation of various dressing regimes for bedsores is needed.

How to cite this article

Sharma U, Kaur S, Singh A. Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices of Caregivers Regarding Home Based Bedsore Care in Chandigarh, North India. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(3):138-143.