bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial variability of night temperatures at a fine scale over the Stellenbosch wine district, South Africa
Authors: Bonnardot Valérie , Carey Victoria Anne , Madelin Malika , Cautenet Sylvie , Coetzee Zelmari , Quénol Hervé
Published: October 2016

Aim: To improve knowledge of spatial climatic variability in viticultural region at fine scale

Methods and results: Night temperatures recorded at 40 data loggers that were located in the vineyards of the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District were monitored during different weather conditions during the 2009 grape ripening period (January-March). The daily maximum difference in minimum temperature between the coolest and warmest sites was, on average, 3.2 °C for the three-month period while it reached a difference of 14 °C under radiative conditions (a difference of 1 °C to 2 °C per km and 3 °C per 100 m elevation approximately). Numerical simulations of night temperatures, using a mesoscale atmospheric model, were performed for two weather events over this period. Night temperature fields at 200m resolution were generated, taking large scale weather conditions into account. Data from 16 automatic weather stations were used for validation. Temperature data from the data loggers that were located in the vineyards were used to produce maps of spatial distribution of the daily minimum temperature at a 90m scale by means of multicriteria statistical modelling, which concomitantly took environmental factors into account. Locations with optimum thermal conditions for color and flavor development and maintenance were identified based on average values for the three-month period and for specific weather conditions.

Conclusion: The range of minimum temperatures varied as a function of geographical factors and synoptic weather conditions, which resulted in significant differences in night-time thermal conditions over the wine district, with possible implications for grape metabolism. The great spatial variability within short distances emphasized the difficulty of validating outputs of atmospheric modelling with accuracy. The study showed the importance and relevance of increasing resolution to refine studies on climate spatial variability and to perform climate modelling based on distinguished weather types.

Significance and impact of the study: In the context of climate change, it is crucial to improve knowledge of current climatic conditions at fine scale during periods of grapevine growth and berry ripening in order to have a baseline from which to work when discussing and considering future local adaptations to accommodate to a warmer environnement.
Crustal and Upper Mantle Density Structure Beneath the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Its Surrounding Areas Derived from EGM2008 Geoid Anomalies
Authors: Li Honglei , Fang Jian
Published: October 2016

As the most active plateau on the Earth, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has a complex crust-mantle structure. Knowledge of the distribution of such a structure provides information for understanding the underlying geodynamic processes. We obtains a three-dimensional density model of crustal and upper mantle beneath Qinghai-Tibet plateau and its surrounding areas from the residual geoid anomalies using the Earth Gravitational Model (EGM) 2008. We estimate a refined density model by iterations, using an initial density contrast model. We confirm that the EGM2008 mission products can be used to constrain the crust-mantle density structures. Our major findings are: (1). At 300-400 km depth, high-D anomalies terminate around Jinsha River Suture (JRS) in the central TP, suggesting that the Indian plate has been reached over the Bangong Nujiang Suture (BNS) and almost reach to the JRS. (2). On the eastern TP, low-D anomalies at the depth of 0-300 km together with high-D anomalies at 400-670 km further verified the current eastward subduction of Indian plate. The ongoing subduction provides forces to the occurrences of frequent earthquakes and volcano. (3). At 600 km depth, low-D anomalies inside the TP illustrate the existence of hot weak material beneath there, contributing to the external material inward-thrusting.
Phenotypic Characterization of 16 Accessions of Sunn Hemp in Florida
Authors: Cho Alyssa H. , Chase Carlene A. , Koenig Rosalie L. , Treadwell Danielle D. , Gaskins Jeremy , Morris J. Bradley , Morales‐Payan J. Pablo
Published: October 2016

Adoption of sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) as a cover crop has been limited primarily due to the availability of seed sources, leading to high seed costs and unreliable supplies. Seed production in Florida with the commercially available sunn hemp cultivar Tropic Sun has been largely unsuccessful. An experiment was designed to evaluate 16 accessions of sunn hemp for potential commercial seed production in Florida at three planting dates (May, June, July). Vegetative and reproductive characteristics were evaluated to provide baseline information for future development of a cultivar of sunn hemp that could produce seed in Florida with desirable cover crop attributes. The results indicate that the sunn hemp accessions could be separated into two groups. Regardless of planting date, accessions in Group 1 (PI 234771, PI 248491, PI 295851, PI 337080, PI 468956, PI 561720, PI 652939) displayed desirable cover crop characteristics, such as high biomass production and leaf area. Accessions in Group 1 had a short‐day flowering response and produced few to no pods and seeds. Group 2 accessions (PI 207657, PI 250485, PI 250486, PI 250487, PI 314239, PI 322377, PI 346297, PI 391567, PI 426626) were less sensitive to photoperiod, were generally smaller plants because of earlier transition to reproductive growth, and produced more seedpods and seeds. Seed production was generally better when seeds were sown at the earliest date. It appears that in Florida, sunn hemp accessions that are capable of flowering in summer rather than fall have greater potential for seed production.

Core Ideas

Based on vegetative and reproductive characteristics sunn hemp accessions could be divided into two groups.

Group 1 accessions produce more shoot biomass and have a short‐day flowering response.

Flowering occurs in fall when effective pollinators are absent.

Group 2 accessions are less sensitive to photoperiod.

Group 2 accessions flower in summer when effective pollinators occur and successfully set seed.
Association of Green Stem Disorder with Agronomic Traits in Soybean
Authors: Harbach C. , Chawla S. , Bowen C. R. , Hill C. B. , Nafziger E. D. , Hartman G. L.
Published: October 2016

Green stem disorder (GSD) of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is the occurrence of non‐senescent, fleshy green stems of plants with normal, fully mature pods and seeds. The main focus of this study was to determine the relationship between GSD incidence and agronomic traits and to determine if GSD incidence was associated with soybean cultivars, years, location of trials, and rainfall. Data on GSD incidence based on a percentage of plants in plots showing symptoms were collected for soybean cultivars in 86 trials from 2009 to 2012 at seven locations in Illinois. The incidence of GSD ranged from 0% (three trials) to 88% with a mean incidence of 12% averaged over the 83 trials. The GSD incidence was correlated with data on yield, plant height and lodging, and seed moisture, protein, and oil content for all trials. The incidence of GSD was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with yield (12 cases), plant height (24) and lodging (29), and seed moisture (35), protein (19), and oil content (2), and negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with yield (eight cases), plant height (2) and lodging (3), and seed moisture (1), protein (3), and oil content (24). Correlations among agronomic traits, GSD, and in‐season precipitation, indicated that yield and precipitation (May, June, and July) were negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with GSD. The incidence of GSD is a result of the genetics of soybean cultivars and how they interact with the environment.

Core Ideas

Out of the 83 field trials, 12 had positive and 8 had negative associations of green stem disorder with yield.

Green stem disorder was more often positively correlated with protein content and negatively correlated with oil content.

Ratings of cultivars for green stem disorder were positively associated in 132 out of 332 pairs of trials with 10 or more cultivars in common with no negative associations.
Strip‐Intercropping of Rye–Vetch Mixtures Affects Biomass, Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio, and Spatial Distribution of Cover Crop Residue
Authors: Lowry C. J. , Brainard D. C.
Published: October 2016

Altering the spatial arrangement of cover crop mixtures with strip‐intercropping is an under‐explored strategy that may enhance cover crop performance and provisioning of ecosystem services. We hypothesized that strip‐intercropping of a cereal rye (Secale cereale L.; “rye”) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth; “vetch”) mixture would increase cover crop productivity and concentrate low C/N vetch residue within the future crop zone, thereby increasing the potential for improved N use efficiency. We conducted a field study in southwestern Michigan to examine how strip‐intercropping of rye–vetch mixtures influences: (i) total cover crop productivity, and (ii) the spatial distribution and C/N ratio of rye–vetch residues. Spatial arrangements included the standard full‐width mixture (MIX) in which rye and vetch were sown together in the same rows; and segregated mixtures with either two rows of rye alternated with two rows of vetch (SEG2) or three rows of rye alternated with one row of vetch (SEG1). Benefits of strip‐intercropping for reducing interspecific competition appear to have been offset by the costs of increased intraspecific competition and/or reduced facilitation. Over 5 site‐years, strip‐intercropping either had no effect or reduced total rye–vetch biomass or the biomass of component species relative to MIX. However, SEG2 resulted in greater concentration of N‐rich vetch tissue and a lower C/N ratio of both aboveground and belowground rye–vetch biomass in the crop‐planting zone. Strip‐intercropping may be a promising strategy to increase future crop access to mineralized N, and improve N use efficiency in agroecosystems.

Strip‐intercropping of rye and vetch either had no effect or reduced cover crop biomass.

Strip‐intercropping of rye and vetch concentrated N‐rich vetch residue in the future crop row.

By reducing the C/N ratio of rye–vetch within the crop row, strip‐intercropping may increase crop N.
Guar Stand Establishment, Physiology, and Yield Responses to Planting Date in Southern New Mexico
Authors: Singla Sudhir , Grover Kulbhushan , Angadi Sangamesh V. , Schutte Brian , VanLeeuwen Dawn
Published: October 2016

Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) is a drought‐tolerant summer annual legume that can be grown for forage, green pods, or seeds. Galactomannans use in various industries such as food, cosmetic, paper, and oil etc. has attracted the guar production for seed. Currently, most of the United States’ demand for guar is met through imports. Preliminary research has shown that guar can be potentially grown in semiarid irrigated conditions in southern New Mexico (NM). A 2‐yr field study was conducted from 2014–2015 to evaluate stand establishment, physiology, and yield performance of eight guar genotypes under four planting dates in southern NM. In both years, mid‐June planting resulted in better stand establishment by having higher plant density than late‐April and mid‐May plantings. The mid‐June planting resulted in higher photosynthetic rate (Pn) compared to late‐April and early July plantings. Transpiration rate (Tr), leaf area index (LAI), clusters plant−1, pods plant−1, and seeds plant−1 were also higher for mid‐June planting compared to mid‐May and early July plantings in both years. Across genotypes and years, mid‐June planting produced 13, 27, and 45% higher seed yield than late‐April, mid‐May, and early July plantings. Across planting dates, genotype NMSU‐15‐G1 had highest seed yield among all genotypes in both years; however, it did not differ significantly from cultivar Matador. Introduction lines and cultivar Matador took more days to reach various stages. The mid‐June planting showed early maturity. Guar planted under mid‐June planting appears to increase seed yield along with having early maturity in southern NM.

Planting date had a significant effect on guar seed yield.

Significant genotypic variation for seed yield was observed across planting dates.

Planting dates and genotypes showed a significant interaction for guar seed yield.

Mid‐June planting increased guar seed yield over other tested planting dates.
Effect of Intercropped Tropical Perennial Grasses on the Production of Sorghum‐Based Silage
Authors: Costa Nídia Raquel , Andreotti Marcelo , Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa , Pariz Cristiano Magalhães , Lopes Keny Samejima Mascarenhas , Leonardo de Almeida Yokobatake Kazuo , Ferreira João Paulo , da Rocha Lima César Gustavo , de Souza Daniel Martins
Published: October 2016

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] intercropped with tropical grasses can be used in silage production systems to increase the dry matter yield per area, provide pasture after sorghum harvesting and improve land‐use efficiency (LUE). Our objective was to compare the production and quality of sorghum silage intercropped with palisade grass [Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) Stapf ‘Marandu’] or guinea grass [Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B.K. Simon & S.W.L. Jacobs ‘Tanzânia’] with that of monocropped sorghum, the pasture in the off‐season, as well as the land equivalent ratios of these systems during two growing seasons (2010–2011 and 2011–2012). The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block with four replicates. The treatments were: monocropped sorghum silage, sorghum silage intercropped with palisade grass and sorghum silage intercropped with guinea grass. The productivity of the intercropped systems was as high as that of the monocropped sorghum. The development of the sorghum was not affected by intercropping with grasses. Intercropping sorghum with tropical grasses generally increases the fiber content of the silage compared with monocropped sorghum; however, this is a viable option for producing feed with adequate nutritional quality. Intercropping sorghum with palisade grass improved the land equivalent ratio, resulting in greater LUE. Intercropping sorghum with palisade and guinea grass also improved the relative N yield compared with monocropped sorghum and did not influence aggressivity and relative crowding coefficient. The main benefit of these intercropping systems is established grazing during the off‐season, which can be considered a good cultivation strategy for tropical regions.

Core Ideas

Intercropping crops in a no‐till system increase the diversification of agricultural production.

Intercropping systems provide better uses of agricultural areas throughout the year.

The intercropping systems productivity is as high as that of monocropped crops.

Intercropping sorghum with grasses is a viable option for feed production.

One of the intercropping systems benefits is established grazing during the off‐season.
Cross‐Validation in AMMI and GGE Models: A Comparison of Methods
Authors: Hadasch Steffen , Forkman Johannes , Piepho Hans‐Peter
Published: October 2016

In plant breeding, the interaction of genotypes and environments is of major interest for breeders to develop genotypes that are well adapted to target environments. To investigate this interaction, multi‐environmental trials, which are typically laid out as randomized complete block designs (RCBD) or as resolvable incomplete block designs (rIBD) within each environment, are conducted. The analysis of multi‐environmental trials may be done by the AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) or by the GGE (genotype and genotype × environment interaction) model. The objectives in the application of these models are (i) to determine the true number of multiplicative terms underlying the data, which is needed to obtain reliable biplots and (ii) to estimate the true genotype–environment means as precisely as possible. Here, the performances of nine different cross‐validation (CV) schemes, some of which represent expectation maximization algorithms, were investigated in terms of the two objectives using simulated RCBD or rIBD data. In some of the CV schemes, one replication of each genotype–environment combination was used for validation, whereas in the other schemes, the validation data consisted of one estimated genotype–environment mean. The performance of the FR test was also investigated for the RCBD data. The results indicate that the CV schemes that sample one replication of each genotype–environment combination outperform the other CV schemes with regard to the two objectives in most scenarios considered. For the RCBD data, the FR test performed similar to the best performing CV schemes.
A case of undiagnosed hyperthyroidism during anaesthesia in an adolescent
Authors: Ayyash Katie , Outram Matthew
Published: October 2016

Childhood thyrotoxicosis is rare, with palpitations being the predominant presenting symptom [1]. Untreated patients attending for both elective and emergency surgery can develop a thyrotoxic storm intra‐operatively, a life threatening condition with a high morbidity and mortality. We present a case of suspected undiagnosed hyperthyroidism in an adolescent under anaesthesia. Our case highlights the importance of early recognition of symptoms and differentiation from other hyper‐metabolic conditions to allow early initiation of appropriate treatment, which is essential in reducing morbidity and mortality from this disorder.
Awake videolaryngoscopic intubation in a pregnant patient with a large vocal cord lesion
Authors: Thomas Rajeev , McKnight Angus , Athanassoglou Vassilis
Published: October 2016

We describe the case of a 39‐year‐old female, 29 weeks pregnant who required urgent excision of a large laryngeal lesion. This was symptomatic, almost completely obstructing her glottis and creating a ball‐valve effect. Rapid progression of the lesion made the patient increasingly dyspnoeic and stridulous over the course of 2 weeks from presentation until surgery. Due to pregnancy‐related challenges and additional risks of complete airway obstruction, we conducted an awake videolaryngoscopic intubation supplemented with Transnasal Humidified Rapid‐Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) for oxygenation.

We discuss the anaesthetic challenges and management of this case, in particular this patient's airway pathology in the context of pregnancy. An overview of laryngeal pathology under the influence of pregnancy hormones is also presented.
Inferior alveolar neuropraxia following laryngeal mask use
Authors: Liu Christopher , Mathews Abey Matthew Varughese
Published: October 2016

We report a patient with an inferior alveolar neuropraxia following the use of an LMA ProsealTM device. Inferior alveolar neuropraxia is a rare complication following use of a supraglottic airway device. Although it is often self‐limiting, it may cause considerable distress to the patient. We discuss previous reports of inferior alveolar neuropraxia following use of supraglottic airway devices and propose recommendations in order to prevent this complication.
Inadvertent administration of dual antiplatelet therapy to a patient with an indwelling epidural catheter
Authors: Phoenix Catherine , Cressey David
Published: October 2016

We describe the case of a middle‐aged patient who suffered a non‐ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) on day 1 postoperatively following an elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. The NSTEMI was managed with dual antiplatelet therapy; unfortunately this was initiated without due consideration to the fact he had an epidural in situ. Once this clinical conflict was identified, careful decisions were taken regarding concurrent management of his NSTEMI and epidural, particularly regarding timing of catheter removal. The patient suffered no neurological sequelae.

The case raises two clear learning points. Firstly, it highlights the logistical and ethical difficulties of managing serious medical conditions when treatments expose patients to significant harm. Secondly, it emphasises the contribution of human factors to medical errors in anaesthesia and intensive care. As a result of this case, we developed bedside epidural alert notices in our institution to reduce the risk of similar incidents occurring in the future.
ZAPOZNANE KWESTIE W TEORII PEDAGOGII OSOBY: CIELESNOŚĆ, PRZYGODNOŚĆ, PRZEBACZENIE
Authors: HOROWSKI JAROSŁAW
Published: October 2016

W tekście podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytania: czy teoria osoby oraz te- oria pedagogii osoby są adekwatne do ludzkiej kondycji i czy są teoriami wspierającymi pedagogię osoby, czy może ową pedagogię utrudniają, zachęcając do urzeczywistnienia nieosiągalnego dla człowieka modelu osoby? Odpowiadając na nie, rozważam problem przebaczenia jako jednego z elementów aktualizacji osobowego wymiaru człowieka oraz problem wad moralnych, które rozwijają się w ludzkiej naturze obok cnót moralnych. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wyprowadzam wniosek, że osiągnięcie osobowej pełni jest dla człowieka niemożliwe. W konsekwencji pytam, o jakie wymiary powinna zostać poszerzona pedagogia osoby, aby była adekwatna do ludzkiej kondycji. Identyfikuję dwie kwestie, które zostały zapoznane w teorii pedagogii osoby: wychowanie do akceptacji własnej cielesności i związanej z nią przygodności oraz wychowanie do przebaczenia sobie i innym. Swoje rozważania wspieram ponadto refleksją teologiczną.
DZIAŁANIE CZŁOWIEKA JAKO KATEGORIA RÓŻNICUJĄCA I JEJ IMPLIKACJE DLA PEDAGOGII
Authors: SZYMALA KATARZYNA
Published: October 2016

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie na podstawie tekstu Osoba i czyn Karola Wojtyły na zasadność powrotu do personalistycznej koncepcji działania osoby jako tra- dycji myślenia niezbędnej do przywrócenia znaczenia wychowaniu we współczesnym kontekście kulturowym. Punktem wyjścia rozważań jest stwierdzenie, że wpisanie edu- kacji w dominujący w przestrzeni publicznej neoliberalny, technologiczny oraz eugeniczny kontekst redukuje pojęcie działania edukacyjnego. Przywołane konteksty łączy rozumienie kształcenia jako działania nastawionego bardziej na wynik niż na sam proces, dążącego do ulepszenia procesu edukacyjnego czy wręcz do przejęcia nad nim kontroli. Tylko wtedy, gdy przyjmie się – wbrew postulatom transhumanizmu – że działanie człowieka jest ka- tegorią różnicującą, to znaczy, że rzeczywiście różni się ono od aktywności zwierząt czy maszyn, możliwa jest obrona jego racjonalności w obszarze wychowania.
SALEZJANIE A MEDIA
Authors: KUŁAK SDB WOJCIECH
Published: October 2016

Salezjanie traktują środki komunikacji społecznej jako narzędzia służące pomocą w szeroko rozumianym wychowaniu i duszpasterstwie. Dlatego też umieszczają je w kontekście wypracowanego przez siebie i jasno sformułowanego systemu komunikacji społecznej, który nawiązuje w sposób bezpośredni do stylu komunikacji wprowadzonego przez księdza Bosko na Valdocco. Apostoł młodzieży, który był także pisarzem, publicystą, wydawcą oraz dystrybutorem, bardzo cenił tradycyjne i dostępne mu środki społecznej komunikacji – teatr, akademie, muzykę. Nie wyobrażał sobie wychowania bez wprowa- dzania młodych w kulturę, którą współtworzyli wychowankowie. Szeroko rozumianą komunikację społeczną wykorzystywał również w zabawach i rywalizacji sportowej. To wszystko tworzyło echosystem, czyli taki sposób komunikacji, w której nadawca jest jed- nocześnie odbiorcą, odbiorca – nadawcą, a dialog i wzajemne słuchanie jest podstawową formą nawiązywania kontaktu i wymiany idei.
POSSIBILITIES OF CURRENT CELLULAR TECHNOLOGIES FOR ARTICULAR CARTILAGE REPAIR (ANALYTICAL REVIEW)
Authors: Bozhokin M. S. , Bozhkova S. A. , Netylko G. I.
Published: October 2016

Despite a wide variety of surgical procedures utilized in clinical practice for treatment of articular cartilage lesions, the search for other options of articular reconstruction remains a relevant and open issue at the current stage of medicine and biotechnologies development. The recent years demonstrated a strong belief in cellular methods of hyaline cartilage repair such as implantation of autologous chondrocytes (ACI) or cultures of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) including techniques for genetic modification of cells.The purpose of presented review is to summarize the published scientific data on up to date results of perspective cellular technologies for articular cartilage repair that are being developed. Autologous chondrocyte transplantation originally performed by Swedish researchers in 1987 is considered the first clinically applied technique for restoration of hyaline cartilage using cellular technologies. However, the transplanted cell culture featured low proliferative capacity and inability to form a regenerate resistant to high physical activity. Another generation of methods originated at the turn of the century utilized mesenchymal stem cells instead of autologous chondrocytes. Preparation of MSCs is a less invasive procedure compared to chondrocytes harvesting and the culture is featured by a higher proliferative ability. Researchers use various biodegradable carriers (matrices) to secure cell fixation. Despite good clinical mid-term outcomes the transplanted tissue-engineering structures deteriorate with time due to cellular de-differentiation. Next generation of techniques being currently under pre-clinical studies is featured by the preliminary chondrogenic modification of transplanted cell culture. Usage of various growth factors, modified cell product and gene-activated matrices allow to gain a stable regulatory and key proteins synthesis and achieve a focused influence on regenerate's chondrogenic proliferation and in result to form a good hyaline cartilage resistant to high physical load in long term period.Thus, development of methods for articular cartilage repair has long ago went beyond the interests of clinical physicians, and only the close interdisciplinary cooperation of clinicians and specialists for cytology, molecular genetics and, probably, virology would enable replacement of a defect with a rigorous hyaline cartilage.
EFFECT OF LOCATION AND BONE GRAFT REMODELING ON RESULTS OF BRISTOW-LATARJET PROCEDURE
Authors: Malanin D. A. , Tregubov A. S. , Grunin S. V. , Cherezov L. L.
Published: October 2016

Introduction. Operation Bristow-Latarjet proved itself as one of the most effective and predictable surgical treatments. despite its widespread use, there are various complications associated with improper installation of the bone block and the violation of its remodeling.Objective: To obtain new data on the effect of location and remodeling of bone graft block on functional outcome and stability of the shoulder joint in patients with recurrent anterior instability after the operation Bristow-latarjet.Material and methods. The material for the study served as the analysis of results of treatment of 64 patients with posttraumatic recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation who underwent Bristow-latarjet operation. postoperatively, assessed a provision and the degree of bone remodeling unit according to computed tomography in the sagittal, axial slices, and through 3d modeling. To evaluate the functional outcome scale were used western Ontario Shoulder Index (wOSI) and Rowe scale.Results. At the level of the articular surface (congruent or flattening) in the axial plane were 89% bone blocks, too medially or laterally arranged 9% and 2% grafts, respectively. On sagittal cT images in the middle third of the articular surface of the scapula was located 28% of the bone blocks at the bottom 60%, in the upper third of 12%. Analysis of the dependence of the results of treatment of graft positioning showed that patients with excellent and good summary on the scale WOSI and Rowe, had a correct location of the bone block in the middle and lower third of the articular process of the blade. It can be assumed that excessive lateralized or medialized bone block position in the axial plane of a more profound effect on the outcome than cranial displacement of the latter with the sagittal plane. Bony union of the graft was found by CT in 74% of cases, soft tissue 26%, the degree of resorption of the graft revealed 0-1 84% 2-3 degree in 26% of cases. In the last periods of the investigation summary measure according to the scales WOSI and Rowe after Bristow surgery was 80±5 and 450±50 points, after Latarjet surgery 80±5 and 430±60 points. (p0,05).Conclusion. Positioning bone graft block affected the results of operations Bristow-Latarjet. Patients with excellent and good summary on the scale WOSI and Rowe had a correct location of the bone block relative to the articular surface of the scapula. The best overall performance on scales wOSI and Rowe were observed in patients with the fusion of the bone graft and block bone resorption does not exceed 0-1 degree compared with patients having soft tissue fusion and resorption 2-3 degree.
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT CORE DECOMPRESSION TECHNIQUES FOR TREATMENT OF EARLY STAGES OF OSTEONECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD
Authors: Tikhilov R. M. , Shubnyakov I. I. , Myasoedov A. A. , Irzhansky A. A.
Published: October 2016

Today one of the most interesting organ surgical interventions for patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head are still different core decompression procedure. However, in the literature, we could not find any indication on what stage of the disease is different proposed techniques is the most effective.Purpose of the study compare the results of different methods of core decompression in the early stages of the disease, before the development of hip osteoarthritis.Materials and methods. From 2006 to 2015 we treated 84 patients (96 hips) with a diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The mean age of patients was 37,4±9,1 (from 18 to 71) years. Classification Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) was used to determine the stage of the disease. 20 patients core decompression performed on stage II, 71 stage III and 5 in stage IV of disease. Core decompression by one tunnel 9 mm diameter was performed in 55 cases, and in 33 cases, the destruction of the core to the healthy bone has been made. Grafting of the residual cavity has been made by allogeneic bone, calcium sulfate, a combination of calcium sulfate and p3-calcium phosphate and p3-calcium phosphate. Eight joints operated by core decompression multiple tunnels of small diameter without subsequent plastic tunnels. We assessed the results on the basis of X-ray and CT scan data of the operated hip, and according to Oxford Hip Score at 3, 6 and 12 months, and then once in 1 year after surgery. In case of subsequent hip replacement was performed pathological examination area of core osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Results. The average period of follow-up was 31,6 months (from 12 to 110 months). Preventing hip arthroplasty during this time managed in 43 cases (44.8%), 53 joints (55.2%), total hip replacement has been made in the period from 4 to 72 months (average 21.6 months) from the date of implementation of core decompression. The greater the number of good and satisfactory results have shown methods aimed at complete destruction of nonviable bone on the border of core osteonecrosis healthy bone.Frequency of hip replacement is directly dependent on the stage of the disease.In the second stage of the disease hip replacement made in 4 cases (20%) at the third stage satisfactory performance were observed mainly in the case of small and medium sized core osteonecrosis of the femoral head (4, 18 and 16 of the joints 27, respectively). In the fourth stage of the disease arthroplasty was performed in all five cases.Conclusions. Different techniques of core decompression are most effective before the formation of the Impressions of the loaded part of the femoral head, which corresponds to stage III ARCO classification inclusive. Efficacy techniques depends not only on the stage but also on the size and location core of osteonecrosis.
OW FREQUENCY ULTRASOUND APPLICATION IN KNEE ARTHROSCOPY
Authors: Pedder V. V. , Cherepanov D. E.
Published: October 2016

Purpose: in vitro study of ultrasound dissection devices' impact on meniscus and knee cartilage as well as comparison of outcomes with familiar arthroscopic techniques.Materials and methods. Meniscus and joint cartilage specimen obtained during total knee replacement were placed in a normal saline. All experiments were conducted no later than in 2 hours after obtaining and followed by histology of biopsy specimens. In the first series of experiment the authors performed meniscus dissection with ultrasound instrument «Scalpel», cold plasm ablator and surgical scalpel.Results. The first series of experiments demonstrated disruption of fibers orientation on meniscus rim after dissection with scalpel; necrosis depth after coblation is 0,7-0,8 mm. Ultrasound dissection devices leave necrosis depth of 0,1-0,2 mm and smooth cartilage surface. The second series of experiments proved that after shaver application cartilage surface was coarse; certain necrosis sections of 16-90 nm were observed on relatively smooth cartilage surface after coblation. Application of ultrasound «Miller» device leaves smooth cartilage surface with no fibers, no signs of cartilage thinning and necrosis not exceeding 15 nm.Conclusion. The results of experiments confirm that use of low frequency ultrasound dissection devices is advantageous as compared to mechanical and ablation cutting techniques while ensuring histologically proven atraumatic handling of biopsy specimens of meniscus and hyaline cartilage.
On the Reform of Local Government Organizations in China
Authors: Chen Qingyun , Chen Ji , Zhang Qingdong
Published: October 2016

Reforming local government organizations is of decisive significance. Reform at the local level is not only affected by the exemplary role of the central government organization reform, but also has its own special background and contents. Reforming local governments is a greater challenge than reforming the central government as there usually are few posts offered by local govemments at lower levels or few private companies in the small cities and lawns of China with the capacity to absorb the downsized government employees. Beijing. Zhejiang, Liaoning, Sichuan, Guangdong, and others have made valuable explorations into the formidable task of reform, and each city has accumulated a wealth of experiences.
Management Competency of Senior Public Executives in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Chaomeng
Published: October 2016

Based on the Managemen Competency Model developed by Quinn et al., a national survey of all senior executives (Rank 9 and above) in Taiwan's central government was conducted in 1998, to measure managerial skill levels. This research tested wheter educational level, rank, tenure and gender affected managerial skills. Resposes indicate that amon twenty-four management skills, public managers in Taiwan generally are best at workin productively, delegating, communicating and goal setting. The research showed that public managers would benefit most by improving skills in cross-functional management, expressign ideas, and conflict resolution. Moreover, the most significant factors that influence how public managers perceive their managerial skill levels are eudcation and gender. This study provides a number of management development strategies.
Artrite encefalite caprina
Authors: Bezerra Alexandre de Oliveira , Starling Renan Zappavigna Costa , Senhorello Igor Luiz Salardani , Ferreira Peter Gabriel , Clipes Renata Côgo , Donatele Dirlei Molinari
Published: October 2016

The caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) is a slow, progressive multisystem degenerative syndrome caused by type C retrovirus subfamily Lentivirinae affecting articular systems, breast and nervous, causing major economic losses, by death or culling of animals, the fall in production, loss weight, predisposition to secondary infections, and spent on treatment and care of veterinarians. The most common clinical signs are arthritis, encephalitis and mastitis, although many of the infected animals remain asymptomatic. The most important way of transmission is vertical transmission through the ingestion of infected colostrum or milk, but horizontal transmission may also occur. The control of CAE is to try to reduce the viral infection in the flock. Having separate mothers at birth goats should be fed pasteurized colostrum. CAE in the list of notifiable by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), underscoring the importance of identifying the disease in the region (OIE, 2011a).
Distribuição intraparenquimal da artéria hepática em tatu-peba (Euphractus sexcinctus) e tatu-verdadeiro (Dasypus novencinctus)
Authors: Silva Andrezza Braga Soares da , Cavalcante Maria Michele Araújo de Sousa , Guerra Sérgio Paulo Lima , Tizianel Fernando Augusto Tambelini , Moura Waldilleny Ribeiro de Araújo , Rizzo Marcia dos Santos , Conde Júnior Airton Mendes
Published: October 2016

The armadillo is a xenárthrico mammal along with anteaters and arboreal sloths. Morphological aspects of the organs of these animals are lacking of information as a basis for clinical wild animals. Thus, this research aims to describe the arterial distribution of the hepatic parenchyma of sex-banded armadillo and nine-banded armadillo, assuming your liver lobation. Altogether were used 10 animals victims of poaching and donated to UFPI with permission of the SISBio. They were dissected and we proceeded with the injection of Neoprene latex red dyed in the abdominal aorta to visualize the hepatic arterial branch. Finally, the armadillos were fixed in formaldehyde solution buffered 10 % and underwent dissection for analysis of results. The liver of both species has four lobes: right, left , with their square and caudate caudate and papillary processes , and the presence of gallbladder.  From hepatic artery in armadillos analyzed, this sends branches that will ventricularizing the liver, initial and final portions of the duodenum and pancreas. When entering the hepatic hilum, the artery presents distributed into two main branches, right and left, where each will infer the presence of segmentation own blood in the hepatic lobes, thus characterizing the anatomical and surgical arterial segmentation. Furthermore, there is a close relationship between diet and metabolism in liver morphology and vascular distribution for this organ.
MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN INKLUSI DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 32 KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Wati Ery
Published: October 2016

The inclusive program of the State Primary School 32 Banda Aceh will be successful if it is supported by human resources professionally in carrying out school operational. This study aims at knowing the inclusive education program, inclusive educational implementation management and the encountered obstacles in the implementation of inclusive education management at SD Negeri 32 Banda Aceh. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The techniques of collecting data were observations, interviews, and documentations. The subject of the research were school head master, vice of school head master, class teacher supervisor, special teacher assistant, and parents. The results of the research shows that 1) The school head master program in implementing inclusive education is through conducting training delivery to the teachers, accepting the students ABK, modifying curriculum and affording school infrastructure in accordance with the needs of the students. 2) The implementation of inclusive education management can be seen from the number of students with special needs in academic year 2009/2010 that out of 19 students possessing one special teacher assistant, the curriculum being modified based on the students need. 3) The constraints of inclusive education programs are education funding, insufficient facilities and infrastructure, and lack of teacher special assistants.
استخدام أسلوب جلسة الملصقات في ترقية التعبير الشفوي: بحث إجرائي في المدرسة الفتيان الشاملة الثانوية بأتشيه بيسار
Authors: Asrida Susi
Published: October 2016

The purpose of this research is to know students’ responses toward the implementation of Poster Session method in teaching speaking skill and to know the result of their study in speaking Arabic. This research is class action research in class XI IPA of SMAIT Al-Fityan, Aceh Besar. The data collected through interviews, observations, and tests.The result of this research showed that the implementation of poster session method is effective in improving students’ speaking skills and achievements.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui respon siswa terhadap pelaksanaan metode Poster Session dalam pengajaran keterampilan berbicara serta mengetahui hasil belajar siswa dalam berbicara bahasa arab. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan di kelas XI IPA SMAIT Al-Fityan, Aceh Besar. Adapun instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara, observasi dan tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa merespon secara positif penggunaan Poster Session dalam pembelajaran keterampilan berbicara bahasa Arab, demikian pula hasil belajar mereka menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan.
KEBENARAN MENURUT PRAGMATISME DAN TANGGAPANNYA TERHADAP ISLAM
Authors: Nurdin Fauziah
Published: October 2016

A pragmatism school of philosophy is flourished in America in the late 19th centur y AD. As a school of philosophy, pragmatism tries to mediate a tradition which was developed by the empiricists to the tradition which was developed by the idealists. According to pragmatism truth is an efficient, and useful, although it is relative. The truth in pragmatism is of course different from the truth of Islam. In Islam, the truth is something that is absolute, as the source of truth is God’s revelation, not the rational of human analogies.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMIKIRAN DAKWAH MOHAMMAD NATSIR DI DEWAN DAKWAH ISLAMIYAH INDONESIA PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: Raihan Raihan
Published: October 2016

Mohammad Natsir was one of the da’wa figure where his thoughts covered various fields. He was the founder DDII (Dewan Da'wah Islamiyah Indonesia) who was assessed consistently carried out the Islamic da’wa until the end of his life. As the result of his struggle, related to the vision and mission of the center of DDII, DDII Aceh should not be much different from that set by the center. But in reality, when it is seen through the aspect of the activities being carried out have not been fully applied by Aceh DDII. The result of this study shows that the struggle of Mohammad Natsir as well as the extension of the center management is related to the vision and the mission developed by the Aceh Provincial DDII is not different from that being set by the center. Similarly, the majority of programs are set by Aceh DDII has much in common with the da’wa activities that had been carried out by Mohammad Natsir when leading DDII, namely to conducted promoting and routine qur’anic recitation, building mosques, hampering the effort to silt the creed as well as other programs aimed at improving the Islamic da’wa quality. However, the performance of Aceh DDII is still seemed less productive due to the involvement of management which some still focus on less da’wa activities. In addition, the Aceh DDII is lack of operational funds in carrying out various activities which bring about some programs have been delayed, or even failure in its implementation.
SYARAT ADANYA PERSETUJUAN ISTERI UNTUK BERPOLIGAMI (ANALISIS USHUL FIKIH SYAFI‘ĪYYAH TERHADAP UNDANG-UNDANG PERKAWINAN NOMOR 1 TAHUN 1974)
Authors: S Riyandi
Published: October 2016

The agreement terms of polygamy in positive law, namely the Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974, Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975, and Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), is burdensome for men who wish to practice polygamy. Consequently, many men practice polygamy secretly without the approval of the first wife. This study uses qualitative approach. The research result shows that the terms of polygamy in Syafi'īyyah school is capable to bear a living wives and families. The husband is obliged to bear a living either wives or inner birth. According to Syafi'īyyah school no approval requirement for polygamous wives. According to Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974, Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975, and Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), polygamy should be done without having to seek prior approval to the wife before. If the requisite approvals wife approached with istislahiyah method, it appears that the approval of the wife may be considered as a reason to permit polygamy on the grounds is included in a portion of maqasid syar’iyyah that maintain religion, intellect, lineage, honor and property.
اللغة العربيَّة والمسلمون عوامل انتشارها ورسوخها و آثارها
Authors: ماجد الدخيل محمد
Published: October 2016

Arabic has been one of the most widely used languages in human communication not only because of its aspects surpassing those of other languages, but due to the Divine honor as the language of Holy Koran as Allah said ,”We made it an Arabic Koran that perhaps you will understand (alzukhruf , 3) This honor has enhanced and elevated the Arabic language status among the Arabs , its native speakers after all and among non-Arab Muslims, who found Arabic flexibility and potency of expression that their languages lack in addition to the holiness of Arabic as the language of the Koran and the Sunnah of the Prophet who is sent as Messengers for human beings. Due to the distinguished status of Arabic and its values for non-Arab Muslims, I addressed in this study not only the factors enhancing the usage of Arabic language by non-Arab peoples who embraced Islam and establishing. this language in the civilizations of these peoples, but also the impact of the Arabic language on their languages besides their cultural production , supporting my findings with the testimonies of objective researchers who had incontrovertible impact on the Arab civilization itself.
Improved rooting capacity and hardening efficiency of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) cuttings using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Authors: Essahibi Abdellatif , Benhiba Laila , Oussouf Fouad , Babram Mohamed , Ghoulam Cherki , Qaddoury Ahmed
Published: October 2016

The present investigation was undertaken to improve the performance of carob
cuttings in terms of adventitious roots formation and hardening using
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Softwood cuttings were treated with 5000
mg L-1 of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and kept noninoculated (Non-AM) or
inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae (Fmo) alone or combined with
Rhizophagus fasciculatus (Fmo+Rfa) or R. intraradices (Fmo+Rin) or both
(Fmo+Rfa+Rin) and then maintained under mist conditions. After two months,
rooted cuttings were transplanted on sterilized substrate and transferred to
a hardening greenhouse for five months. Obtained results showed that
inoculation of the rooting substrate with AMF substantially improved the
percentage of rooted cuttings and the number of roots per cutting. The
highest rooting (63.33%) and number of roots per cutting (11.67) were
recorded in the presence of the complex of the three AMF strains
(Fmo+Rfa+Rin). Moreover, all mycorrhizal-rooted cuttings survived
transplantation and hardening shocks and showed the highest growth and
physiological performances. Indeed, in the Fmo-Rfa-Rin-plantlets the gains in
plant height and shoot and root dry weights were 95.6%, 55.1% and 76.9%
respectively. Furthermore, stomatal conductance, total chlorophyll content,
photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and nutrient concentrations were
higher in mycorrhizal plantlets than in non-AM ones. Thus, AMF substantially
improved carob cuttings? performance in terms of rooting capacity and
hardening efficiency, thereby increasing the potential of carob propagation
by cuttings.