bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of mothers’ perceptions of hunger cues in 3-month-old infant under different feeding methods
Authors: Zhao Fenghua , Sun Yijie , Zhang Yue , Xu Tao , Wang Nianrong , Yan Shuangqin , Zeng Ting , Zhang Fenghua , Gao Jie , Yue Qing , Rozelle Scott
Published: April 2023

Background

Mothers’ perception of infant hunger cues is a critical content of responsive feeding, which is central to the promotion of early childhood development. However, only a few studies have examined responsive feeding in China, especially lacking the studies on perceptions of infant hunger cues. Consider the cultural differences, the aim of this study was to describe the perceptions of infant hunger cues of Chinese mothers for infants aged 3 months, and explore the relationship between maternal perceptions of infant hunger cues and different feeding methods.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 326 mothers of healthy 3-month-old infants, including 188 exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) mothers and 138 formula feeding (FF) mothers. It was implemented in four provincial and municipal maternal and child health hospitals. The mothers’ perceptions of infant hunger cues were surveyed by self-reporting questionnaires. Chi-square tests and logistic analysis were applied to analyze the differences in maternal perceptions of infant hunger cues, including the number of hunger cues and the specific cues, between EBF group and FF group by controlling sociodemographic variables and the daily nursing indicators.

Results

We found that a higher proportion of EBF mothers could perceive multiple hunger cues (≥ 2) than FF mothers (66.5% vs.55.1%). For specific cues, the EBF mothers had higher perceptions of infant’s “hand sucking” (67.6% vs. 53.6%) and “moving head frantically from side to side” (34.6% vs. 23.9%), all p < 0.05. Regression analysis revealed that EBF might support mothers to perceive infant hunger cues than FF mothers, with the number of infant hunger cues (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.01–2.85), “hand sucking” (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.04–2.87), “moving head frantically from side to side” (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.19–3.62). The number of infant hunger cues perceived by mothers was also associated with their educational level and family structure.

Conclusion

EBF mothers of 3-month-old infants may be more likely to perceive infant hunger cues than FF mothers in China. It is necessary to increase the health education about infant hunger and satiety cues to caregivers in China, especially among mothers with lower education levels, mothers living in nuclear families, and FF mothers.
The big squeeze: a product content and labelling analysis of ready-to-use complementary infant food pouches in Australia
Authors: Brunacci Kaitlyn A , Salmon Libby , McCann Jennifer , Gribble Karleen , Fleming Catharine A.K.
Published: April 2023

Background

Encouraging the early development of healthy eating habits prevents diet-related chronic disease. It is well understood that highly processed foods with high amounts of sugars, salt and fats are a risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Commercial baby foods in ready-to-use squeeze pouches emerged in the global food market around 2012. The long-term effects of this now ubiquitous packaging on the quality of infant diets, baby food consumption and marketing are unknown. This study aimed to conduct a rigorous mixed-methods audit of squeeze pouches in Australia to inform product regulation and policy.

Methods

Nutritional and marketing data were sourced from products available in Australian retailers. Analysis of nutritional content, texture and packaging labelling and serving size was conducted. Pouches were given a Nutrition Profile Index (NPI) score and compared with the Australian Infant Feeding Guidelines. Marketing text was thematically analysed and compared to existing infant nutrition policy around regulation of marketing claims.

Results

276 products from 15 manufacturers were analysed, targeting infants from 4 + to 12 + months. Total sugar content ranged 0.8-17.5 g/100 g, 20% (n = 56) of products had added sugars, 17% (n = 46) had added fruit juice, 71% (n = 196) had added fruit puree. Saturated fat content ranged from 0.0 to 5.0 g/100 g, sodium 0.0-69 mg/100 g and dietary fibre 0.0-4.3 g/100 g. Only two products were nutritionally adequate according to a nutrient profiling tool. Marketing messages included ingredient premiumisation, nutrient absence claims, claims about infant development and health, good parenting, and convenience. Claims of ‘no added sugar’ were made for 59% of pouches, despite the addition of free sugars.

Conclusions

Squeeze pouch products available in Australia are nutritionally poor, high in sugars, not fortified with iron, and there is a clear risk of harm tothe health of infant and young children if these products are fed regularly. The marketing messages and labelling on squeeze pouches are misleading and do not support WHO or Australian NHMRC recommendations for breastfeeding or appropriate introduction of complementary foods and labelling of products. There is an urgent need for improved regulation of product composition, serving sizes and labelling to protect infants and young children aged 0–36 months and better inform parents.
Application of flipped classroom based on CDIO concept combined with mini-CEX evaluation model in the clinical teaching of orthopedic nursing
Authors: Su Xinyang , Ning Huaxiu , Zhang Fang , Liu Li , Zhang Xiaoling , Xu Hongmei
Published: April 2023

Background

After the COVID-19 epidemic, the state has paid more attention to the clinical teaching function of affiliated hospitals of colleges and universities. Strengthening the integration of medicine and education and improving the quality and effect of clinical practice teaching are critical challenges facing medical education. The difficulty of orthopedic teaching lies in the characteristics of a wide variety of diseases, strong professionalism, and relatively abstract characteristics, which affect the initiative, enthusiasm, and learning effect of nursing students. In this study, a flipped classroom teaching plan based on the CDIO (conceive–design–implement–operate) concept was constructed and practiced in the orthopedic nursing student training course to improve the effect of practical teaching, and it is convenient for teachers to implement more effective and targeted teaching in the flipped classroom of nursing education and even medical education in the future.

Methods

Fifty undergraduate nursing students who practiced in the Orthopedics Department of a tertiary hospital in June 2017 were enrolled in the control group, while 50 undergraduate nursing students who practiced in the same department in June 2018 were enrolled in the intervention group. The intervention group adopted the flipped classroom teaching mode of the CDIO concept, whereas the control group adopted the traditional teaching mode. After finishing the department practice task, the students in the two groups completed the evaluation of theory, operation skills, independent learning ability, and critical thinking ability. They completed the evaluation of clinical practice ability in eight dimensions, including four processes of nursing procedures, humanistic care ability, and evaluation of clinical teaching quality for two groups of teachers.

Results

After teaching, the clinical practice ability, critical thinking ability, autonomous learning ability, theoretical and operational performance, and evaluation of clinical teaching quality in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The CDIO-based teaching mode can stimulate the independent learning ability and critical thinking ability of nursing interns, promote the organic combination of theory and practice, improve their ability to comprehensively use theoretical knowledge to analyze and solve practical problems, and improve teaching effectiveness.
Developing and testing the usability, acceptability, and future implementation of the Whole Day Matters Tool and User Guide for primary care providers using think-aloud, near-live, and interview procedures
Authors: Morgan Tamara L. , Pletch Jensen , Faught Emma , Fortier Michelle S. , Gazendam Mary Kate , Howse Kelly , Jain Rahul , Lane Kirstin N. , Maclaren Kaleigh , McFadden Taylor , Prorok Jeanette C. , Weston Zachary J. , Tomasone Jennifer R.
Published: April 2023

Background

Canada’s 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults have shifted the focus from considering movement behaviours (i.e., physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep) separately to a 24-h paradigm, which considers how they are integrated. Accordingly, primary care providers (PCPs) have the opportunity to improve their practice to promote all movement behaviours cohesively. However, PCPs have faced barriers to discussing physical activity alone (e.g., time, competing priorities, inadequate training), leading to low frequency of physical activity discussions. Consequently, discussing three movement behaviours may seem challenging. Tools to facilitate primary care discussions about physical activity have been developed and used; however, few have undergone usability testing and none have integrated all movement behaviours. Following a synthesis of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep tools for PCPs, we developed the Whole Day Matters Tool and User Guide that incorporate all movement behaviours. The present study aimed to explore PCPs’ perceptions on the usability, acceptability, and future implementation of the Whole Day Matters Tool and User Guide to improve their relevancy among PCPs.

Methods

Twenty-six PCPs were observed and audio–video recorded while using the Tool and User Guide in a think-aloud procedure, then in a near-live encounter with a mock service-user. A debriefing interview using a guide informed by Normalization Process Theory followed. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysed using content analysis and a critical friend to enhance rigour.

Results

PCPs valued aspects of the Tool and User Guide including their structure, user-friendliness, visual appeal, and multi-behaviour focus and suggested modifications to improve usability and acceptability. Findings are further discussed in the context of Normalization Process Theory and previous literature.

Conclusions

The Tool and User Guide were revised, including adding plain language, reordering and renaming sections, reducing text, and clarifying instructions. Results also informed the addition of a Preamble and a Handout for adults accessing care (i.e., patients/clients/service-users) to explain the evidence underpinning the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults and support a person-centered approach. These four resources (i.e., Tool, User Guide, Preamble, Handout) have since undergone a consensus building process to arrive at their final versions before being disseminated into primary care practice.
Prognostic values of tissue-resident CD8+T cells in human hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Lujun , Huang Hao , Huang Ziyi , Chen Junjun , Liu Yingting , Wu Yue , Li An , Ge Junwei , Fang Zhang , Xu Bin , Zheng Xiao , Wu Changping
Published: April 2023

Background

Tissue-resident CD8+T cells (CD103+CD8+T cells) are the essential effector cell population of anti-tumor immune response in tissue regional immunity. And we have reported that IL-33 can promote the proliferation and effector function of tissue-resident CD103+CD8+T cells. As of now, the immunolocalization and the prognostic values of tissue-resident CD8+T cells in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) still remain to be illustrated.

Methods

In our present study, we used the tissue microarrays of HCC and ICC, the multicolor immunohistochemistry (mIHC), and imaging analysis to characterize the tissue-resident CD8+T cells in HCC and ICC tissues. The prognostic values and clinical associations were also analyzed. We also studied the biological functions and the cell–cell communication between tumor-infiltrating CD103+CD8+T cells and other cell types in HCC and ICC based on the published single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data.

Results

Our work unveiled the expressions of CD8 and CD103 and immunolocalization of tissue-resident CD8+T cells in human HCC and ICC. Elevated CD8+T cells indicated a better overall survival (OS) rate, implying that tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells in HCC and ICC could serve as an independent prognostic factor. Moreover, the number of CD103+CD8+T cells was increased in HCC and ICC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. HCC patients defined as CD8highCD103high had a better OS, and the CD8lowCD103low group tended to have a poorer prognosis in ICC. Evaluation of the CD103+CD8+T-cell ratio in CD8+T cells could also be a prognostic predictor for HCC and ICC patients. A higher ratio of CD103+CD8+T cells over total CD8+T cells in HCC tissues was negatively and significantly associated with the advanced pathological stage. The percentage of higher numbers of CD103+CD8+T cells in ICC tissues was negatively and significantly associated with the advanced pathological stage. In contrast, the higher ratio of CD103+CD8+T cells over total CD8+T cells in ICC tissues was negatively and significantly associated with the advanced pathological stage. In addition, single-cell transcriptomics revealed that CD103+CD8+T cells were enriched in genes associated with T-cell activation, proliferation, cytokine function, and T-cell exhaustion.

Conclusion

The CD103+ tumor-specific T cells signified an important prognostic marker with improved OS, and the evaluation of the tissue-resident CD103+CD8+T cells might be helpful in assessing the on-treatment response of liver cancer.
Massive hemothorax secondary to internal jugular vein central venous catheter placement in a patient undergoing spinal surgery complicated by chest trauma: a case report
Authors: Gong Tao-wu , Zhu Yu-hang , Zhao Peng-cheng , Zhang Fan
Published: April 2023

Background

Placement of a central venous catheter (CVC) is a common procedure for spinal surgery and is relatively safe under ultrasound guidance.

Case presentation

We report the case of a 56-year-old female who underwent ultrasound-guided placement of an internal jugular vein CVC for fluid replacement during spinal surgery for thoracic vertebral burst compression fracture and multiple rib fractures as a result of a high-altitude fall injury. Hemothorax developed intraoperatively. During a thoracotomy, the tip of the CVC was found within the chest cavity. The presence of chest trauma may impact on clinician’s appreciation of the potential complications of internal jugular vein CVC placement.

Conclusion

The present case demonstrates the need for clinical awareness of the potential complications of CVC placement in patients with chest trauma and the need for adequate training in this technique.
Efficient online migration mechanism for memory write-intensive virtual machines
Authors: Li Pingping , Cao Jiuxin
Published: April 2023

Online migration of virtual machines (VMs) is indispensable for system maintenance as it helps to achieve several resource management objectives such as load balancing, proactive fault tolerance, green operation, and resource management of data centers. The migration efficiency and reliability are two major challenges in the online migration of memory write-intensive VMs. For example, pre-copy migration transfers a large amount of data and takes a long time to migrate. This study proposes an efficient and reliable adaptive hybrid migration mechanism for memory write-intensive VMs. The mechanism optimizes the data transfer mode of the common migration method and improves the performance of conventional hybrid migration. First, the virtual machine (VM) memory data to be migrated are divided into dynamic and static data based on the bitmap marking method, and the migration efficiency is improved through parallel transmission based on different networks. Second, to accelerate the migration reliability, an iterative convergence factor is proposed to evaluate the current system load state and adaptively calculate the switching time of the migration mode for adaptive hybrid migration based on the convergence factor. Through adaptive hybrid migration can achieve migration completed successfully, shorten the post-copy migration duration, and minimize the impact on the performance of VMs. Finally, this paper implements the system prototype based on a kernel-based virtual machine (KVM), and experiments are performed using multiple memory write-intensive load VMs. The results show that the proposed migration algorithm can significantly improve migration performance and complete migration quickly to solve the pre-copy migration failure problem with a memory write-intensive load. Compared with the traditional hybrid migration with only one round of pre-copy, the proposed migration algorithm reduces the total migration time and transmits data by 23.2% and 26.7%, respectively.
Navigating the intersection of 3D printing, software regulation and quality control for point-of-care manufacturing of personalized anatomical models
Authors: Paxton Naomi C.
Published: April 2023

3D printing technology has become increasingly popular in healthcare settings, with applications of 3D printed anatomical models ranging from diagnostics and surgical planning to patient education. However, as the use of 3D printed anatomical models becomes more widespread, there is a growing need for regulation and quality control to ensure their accuracy and safety. This literature review examines the current state of 3D printing in hospitals and FDA regulation process for software intended for use in producing 3D printed models and provides for the first time a comprehensive list of approved software platforms alongside the 3D printers that have been validated with each for producing 3D printed anatomical models. The process for verification and validation of these 3D printed products, as well as the potential for inaccuracy in these models, is discussed, including methods for testing accuracy, limits, and standards for accuracy testing. This article emphasizes the importance of regulation and quality control in the use of 3D printing technology in healthcare, the need for clear guidelines and standards for both the software and the printed products to ensure the safety and accuracy of 3D printed anatomical models, and the opportunity to expand the library of regulated 3D printers.
Fiscal consolidation and tax policy measures at both national and European level
Authors: Ντέρτσου Δήμητρα
Published: April 2023

Η χρηματοπιστωτική κρίση του 2008, η οποία μεταδόθηκε στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση και σύντομα μετατράπηκε σε κρίση χρέους για πολλά κράτη μέλη, απαίτησε ριζικές πολιτικές απαντήσεις. Αν και υπάρχει ευρεία συναίνεση ότι τα αίτια της κρίσης δεν βρίσκονταν στη φορολογία, αναμφίβολα τα φορολογικά συστήματα έπαιξαν ρόλο στην άμβλυνση των αρνητικών επιπτώσεων και στην επιστροφή στην ανάπτυξη. Αυτός ο ρόλος ήταν ακόμη πιο έντονος στη Νομισματική Ένωση, όπου λόγω του ασύμμετρου σχεδιασμού της, η νομισματική πολιτική δεν αποτελούσε διαθέσιμο εργαλείο πολιτικής στα χέρια των κυβερνήσεων.Η παρούσα διατριβή διερευνά τον τρόπο με τον οποίο οι κυβερνήσεις της ζώνης του ευρώ χρησιμοποίησαν τη φορολογία εισοδήματος νομικών και φυσικών προσώπων ως απάντηση στην παγκόσμια οικονομική κρίση. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίνεται στην περίπτωση της Ελλάδας, όπου η διεθνής χρηματοπιστωτική κρίση μετατράπηκε σύντομα σε μια από τις πιο έντονες κρίσεις δημόσιου χρέους εντός της ευρωζώνης και η οικονομική βοήθεια που έλαβε η χώρα συνοδεύτηκε από μια οδυνηρή οικονομική προσαρμογή, επίσης στο σκέλος της φορολογίας. Η υπό εξέταση περίοδος ξεκινά το 2008, έτος έναρξης της παγκόσμιας κρίσης και ολοκληρώνεται το 2018, οπότε και ολοκληρώθηκαν τα προγράμματα οικονομικής βοήθειας στην Ελλάδα. Η ανάλυση επιβεβαιώνει ότι οι χώρες της Ευρωζώνης βασίζονταν σε μεγάλο βαθμό στη φορολογία. Ωστόσο, η έρευνα έδειξε ότι οι πολιτικές απαντήσεις διέφεραν σημαντικά μεταξύ των χωρών της Ευρωζώνης. Σε χώρες όπου η κρίση χρέους ήταν πιο έντονη, οι αυξήσεις του φόρου εισοδήματος ήταν σημαντικές σε σύγκριση με την υπόλοιπη Ένωση. Αντίθετα, ορισμένες χώρες μπόρεσαν να χρησιμοποιήσουν τη φορολογία ως «όπλο» για έξοδο από την κρίση, να επιστρέψουν σε επίπεδα ανάπτυξης και να βελτιώσουν την ανταγωνιστικότητα της οικονομίας. Σε αυτές τις χώρες, όπου τα χρέη ήταν βιώσιμα και τα ελλείμματα χαμηλότερα, μπορούσαν να εφαρμοστούν οι συστάσεις της Ευρωπαϊκής Επιτροπής για τη μετατόπιση της φορολογικής επιβάρυνσης από φορολογικές βάσεις επιζήμιες για την ανάπτυξη, όπως η απασχόληση και επιχειρηματικότητα. Τα συμπεράσματα της ανάλυσης υπογραμμίζουν το δυναμικό ρόλο της φορολογίας και συμβάλλουν στη συζήτηση σχετικά με το ποιος είναι ο βέλτιστος τρόπος χρήσης της φορολογικής πολιτικής για την αντιμετώπιση εξωτερικών κραδασμών. Συμβάλλουν στη συζήτηση για την αναγκαιότητα μιας δημοσιονομικής ένωσης και την επανεξέταση της φορολογικής πολιτικής της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης.
Impact of Fading Channel to Energy Harvesting Relay on Cooperative Communication Systems
Authors: Nasaruddin Nasaruddin , Elizar Elizar , Afdhal Afdhal
Published: April 2023

Channel conditions strongly influence the performance of the wireless communication system. Fading is one of the main problems caused by signal propagation via various paths. Recently, cooperative communication systems have been extensively studied to overcome this problem. However, the power consumption in the system relaying information to the destination increases, shortening the network's life. Therefore, this paper analyzes the impact of three Raleigh and Rician fading channel scenarios on cooperative communication performance in which a relay uses energy harvesting based on power splitting (EH-PS). The three scenarios are Rayleigh-Rayleigh fading (I), Rician- Rayleigh fading (II), and Rician-Rician fading (III). Subsequently, the throughput performance and energy efficiency are evaluated based on the maximum power splitting (PS) ratio. The simulation results indicate that the PS ratio in scenario III is higher than in scenarios I and II. Thus, the Rician fading channel can accumulate more energy in the relay due to the line-of-sight path between the source and the relay. Hence, scenario III's throughput and energy efficiency are higher than the other scenarios. The energy efficiency for scenario III is 33.08% and 12.14% higher than scenarios I and II, respectively. Therefore, the EH-PS cooperative communication system with the Rician fading channels has the highest throughput and is promising for future 5G technology.
Improving the TCP Newreno Congestion Avoidance Algorithm on 5G Networks
Authors: M. Abdullah Saleh , S. Farag Mohamed , Abdul-Kader Hatem , E. Abo-Youssef S.
Published: April 2023

Enhancing Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) performance is one of the key solutions for improving the performance of modern wireless communication networks. It is a highly dependable protocol for communication between network hosts based on an internet protocol (IP). It uses packet sequence numbering and acknowledgment (ACK) packets to ensure that data is recoverable in the event of problems like data loss, and corruption. Loss-based Congestion Control (CC) algorithms overreact and underperform in the presence of rapid channel oscillations, resulting in buffer bloat and significant delays. The goal of this paper is to develop an efficient congestion control mechanism for the new TCP agent Newreno over the fifth generation (5G) network, as well as to improve the increment and decrement strategy for adjusting the congestion window (cwnd) during the congestion avoidance phase, It also fast adapts to the current network requirements and adjusts the transmission rate accordingly. TCP enhancements can improve performance under dynamic traffic loads and over long product channels with high bandwidth. As a result, when such a TCP congestion control mechanism is improved, the network’s throughput increases, and low packet losses, and delay are reduced.
Krążenie wiedzy przekładoznawczej: lektury polskich studentów
Authors: Skibińska Elżbieta
Published: April 2023

CIRCULATION OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT TRANSLATION: POLISH STUDENTS READING LISTS
The circulation of knowledge about translation is increasingly coming into the focus of translation studies scholars. Among the various forms of knowledge circulation in this field, in addition to conferences, regular meetings and academic publications, they point to encyclopaedias, anthologies and other collections of foundational texts, as well as textbooks. The present study is based on the reading lists drawn from the syllabuses of translation studies courses featuring in the curricula of various modern languages programmes offered by Polish universities in 2016-2019. It aims to identify the ‘Polish canon’ of translation studies knowledge emerging from the recent pedagogical practice. The analysis of the lists shows a fragmentation of recommended readings, leading to the conclusion that such a canon does not actually exist, and signals a dominance of texts written in English. Another striking finding is a very low proportion of translations, and especially the absence of foreign ‘classics’ of translation studies in Polish.
Tłumaczki i ich przekłady – różnorodność ról w kontekście kanadyjskim
Authors: Warmuzińska-Rogóż Joanna
Published: April 2023

DIFFERENT ROLES OF LITERARY FEMALE TRANSLATORS IN THE CANADIAN CONTEXT: THE EXAMPLE OF LORI SAINT-MARTIN The activities undertaken by female translators in the Canadian context definitely go beyond the traditionally observed framework. This is mainly due to the specific role of the translation itself, which is regulated at the institutional level. In addition, translation is understood very broadly, often becoming one of the tools for creativity. This overview shows the different roles of translation in Canada, as well as the different roles of female translators, who are also authors and, in the case of feminist translation and “translation in the feminine”, influence the perception of the translation process itself. All these roles are concentrated in the activities of Lori Saint-Martin, translator, author, and researcher, whose last essay Un bien nécessaire. Éloge de la traduction littéraire has been subjected to a broader analysis.
Employees’ perception of value-added activity increase of Robotic Process Automation with time and cost efficiency: a case study
Authors: Salih Aydıner Arafat , Ortaköy Selman , Özsürünç Zehra
Published: April 2023

Implementation of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is ubiquitous in the financial industry. However, the consequences are not clear enough in terms of strategic perspective. Drawing upon the theory of Task-Technology Fit, this study explores the emerging consequences with the exploratory sequential method. Data related to the time and cost of processes before and after the RPA implementation were collected and descriptively analyzed. Even though time and cost efficiency improvements occurred in 50 out of 54 of the processes, the results indicated no labor reduction after the RPA implementation and no cost reduction in some business units, contrary to reports in the literature. To investigate what happened to the human resource environment, we surveyed 106 employees who were affected by the implementation of RPA. No variance was found between the characteristics of the employees and the changes in the working environment. However, the descriptive results of the survey revealed that employees’ perception of value-added activities increased. These results provided that considering RPA as a routine process without calculating the strategic value creates process-oriented transformation with a lack of time and cost-efficiency.
Contextual Standard Auctions with Budgets: Revenue Equivalence and Efficiency Guarantees
Authors: Balseiro Santiago , Kroer Christian , Kumar Rachitesh
Published: April 2023

The internet advertising market is a multibillion dollar industry in which advertisers buy thousands of ad placements every day by repeatedly participating in auctions. An important and ubiquitous feature of these auctions is the presence of campaign budgets, which specify the maximum amount the advertisers are willing to pay over a specified time period. In this paper, we present a new model to study the equilibrium bidding strategies in standard auctions, a large class of auctions that includes first and second price auctions, for advertisers who satisfy budget constraints on average. Our model dispenses with the common yet unrealistic assumption that advertisers’ values are independent and instead assumes a contextual model in which advertisers determine their values using a common feature vector. We show the existence of a natural value pacing–based Bayes–Nash equilibrium under very mild assumptions. Furthermore, we prove a revenue equivalence showing that all standard auctions yield the same revenue even in the presence of budget constraints. Leveraging this equivalence, we prove price of anarchy bounds for liquid welfare and structural properties of pacing-based equilibria that hold for all standard auctions. In recent years, the internet advertising market has adopted first price auctions as the preferred paradigm for selling advertising slots. Our work, thus, takes an important step toward understanding the implications of the shift to first price auctions in internet advertising markets by studying how the choice of the selling mechanism impacts revenues, welfare, and advertisers’ bidding strategies.

This paper was accepted by Itai Ashlagi, revenue management and market analytics.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4719 .
Rapidly growing goitre: not always a carcinoma
Authors: Elshout Beau , Tummers-de Lind van Wijngaarden Roderick Ferdinand Albertus
Published: April 2023

Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare malignancy of the thyroid gland which should be considered in patients with a rapidly growing cervical mass, especially in those with a history of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. We present the case of a 53-year-old woman with a rapidly growing goitre with compressive symptoms. Computed tomography (CT) imaging was performed to examine the extent of disease and a biopsy showed B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, stage I according to the Ann Arbor classification. The patient was immediately treated with high-dose prednisone for her compressive symptoms and after the diagnosis she received six cycles of R-CHOP (rituximab-cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vincristine-prednisone) chemotherapy. The patient has now been in remission for 12 months. We present this case to demonstrate the importance of awareness of PTL. Up to 10% of cases can be missed with fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), making it important to obtain a histological biopsy in rapidly growing goitres. In addition, establishing the correct diagnosis can in most cases prevent unnecessary surgical intervention. The preferred treatment with the best overall survival is chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy.
Fokin V. Stable, Systematic and Stable Human Development to Ukrainian People (Historical and Analytical Essays, Memories and Reflections). Part 2. The Planetary Mission of the Physical Economy Ideas
Authors: Fokin V.
Published: April 2023

The article continues consideration of the debatable issues identified in Part 1 “General situation with strategic planning of human development in Ukraine” for the previous research by V. K. Chernyak “Stable and balanced development to Ukrainian people” (the state of scientific and administrative support assessment)” Economic Bulletin of Donbas, 2020, No. 1(59). P. 199-217. The article summarizes the conceptual provisions for increasing the role of the state in regulating social, economic, and environmental development by using the Laws of Nature. The essence of the ideas of physical economy by Serhii Podolinskyi and Mykola Rudenko is considered. The warnings of the President of France Emmanuel Macron regarding the crisis of the modern model for the European market economy are given. The appropriateness and expediency of the development of National and Regional programs of human development in Ukraine, as the basis for the implementation of the “3 Cs” doctrine: social forecasting, social planning, social management, have been updated. Special consideration to the need to form the Planning Code in the state (along with the Civil, Budget and Tax Code) was paid. The Planning Code should regulate the terms and content of preparation, adoption and control for responsible implementation of strategic and tactical state decisions. Based on rethinking one’s own life experience in the Ukrainian Donbas, the nature of the spirituality of the common people, their desires and intentions for humanity and harmony in mutual relations and interaction with the Centers of Power is revealed. Examples of rebellious outbreaks and mobilization of the common people in the fight against an external aggressor are given. The experience of the post-war recovery and planned development of the North-Eastern Donbas, which were determined and provided by the spiritual and moral qualities of the common people, is disclosed. The recommendations and suggestions of specialists and associates of the Institute of Physical Economics named after S. A. Podolinsky regarding the implementation of budgetary federalism in unitary Ukraine by determining the ratio of state and local budget funds based on the harmonious proportions of the “Golden Intersection” were identified.
Revival and Development of Industry and Enterprises of Ukraine: Concept, Methodological Aspect
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Buleev I. , Bryukhovetska N. ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: April 2023

Proceeding from the premise that the dominant factor in the progress of society, economy, industry, business entities is spirituality, values, the triad of development factors (Universal Reason – Humanity – Nature) and their dialectical connections are considered. It is proved that the development of society takes place according to the concept of three forces of development, trialectics, and man, society are spiritual-bio-social subjects by their nature and in social sciences, in economic sciences they are both subjects and objects of research. The capitalist spiritual-social-economic formation (DSEF) is considered based on the modern level of development of social sciences. Its positive sides, shortcomings, integration tendencies of the spiritual-social-economic formation of capitalism relative to previous and modern formations are noted. The directions of the development of economic science, the degree of its objectivity, theories and models of the development of economic science and the real economy are shown. It has been proven that economic science performs two functions: diagnostic and predictive; their dependence on the state of the ruling classes, elites, and clans. The author's assessment of current models of the development of the economy, industry, business entities, economic science is provided. The expediency of the development of the domestic economy according to the convergent model of "people's capitalism", "people's economy" is substantiated. Proposals for the revival of the country's industry, business entities, which are based on the indicators and data of the industry audit of the base year, the road map, investment financing entities, sources of financing, and implementation mechanisms are outlined. A number of provisions are debatable and require further research.
Peculiarities of Formation and Management of Bank Resources in Modern Conditions
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Pushak Ya. , Shevchenko N. ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs
Published: April 2023

The article examines the peculiarities of the formation and management of the resource potential of banks in modern conditions. The essence of the banks' financial potential, its structure, is determined. It has been investigated that the main negative factors affecting the formation and management of the resource potential of banks are: the Covid-19 coronavirus crisis, the war with Russia, the impact of the political and economic crisis on the economy, inflation, low incomes of the population, a decrease in the amount of free financial resources of citizens, a decrease the need for credit funds, the low level of development of the stock market and mediation in the placement of securities issued by the bank, the insufficient level of state support for the banking sector, the absence of a clear, balanced and long-term strategy for managing the bank's financial resources. It was determined that the war and the economic crisis did not have a negative impact on the performance of banks, assets, liabilities and equity grew. However, the bank needs to ensure constant control over the ratio of the structure of financial potential to ensure the highest level of profitability. Effective management of the bank's resource potential should be based on the following basic principles: unity, effectiveness and efficiency, partnership, responsibility and continuity.
Forensics as a Method of Economic Investigations: Theoretical Foundations
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Mysnyk K.
Published: April 2023

Currently, in connection with the increase in cases of fraud and the complexity of economic crimes, forensics is an effective method of economic investigations and a type of control, the purpose of which is to identify facts of fraud, financial abuse, as well as other criminal acts of investigation. The article analyses and summarizes existing scientific approaches to defining the concept of “forensics”. It is established that the term “forensics” is mostly interpreted as an investigation; effective tool; independent activity; services; type of control, etc. As a result of the research, the concept of “forensics” is proposed to be considered from such positions as: an effective method of economic investigations at enterprises of various forms of ownership and branch orientation in the system of economic security; a complex of independent initiative services for investigation, expertise, analysis, assessment, settlement of situations and development of procedures aimed at combating economic crimes, fraud, corruption, commercial bribery, appropriation of funds and other assets, illegal actions, settlement of disagreements between parties on financial and business issues; a type of control aimed at detecting fraud, financial abuse, as well as other criminal acts of an economic nature. The structure of the provision of forensic services is proposed, which should include the following elements: financial investigations; management of risks related to fraud and economic crimes; corporate (business) intelligence; out-of-court, pre-trial expertise, as well as assistance during court proceedings; investigation of fraud using information systems and digital technologies; opposition to the legalization of illegal income; intellectual property protection; verification of contractual obligations and reliability of business partners; prevention or minimization of financial and reputational losses and risks; identification and analysis of hidden commercial risks; regulation of disagreements between the parties to the conflict on financial and business issues; development of procedures aimed at countering fraud, corruption, withdrawal of funds, appropriation of assets; conducting a compliance investigation; financial examination of documentation.
Management of Material Resources in Business Processes of Mining and Metallurgical Companies on the Basis of Performance Management
Authors:   LLC ", Shkrabak I. ,   Technical University ",   Metinvest Polytechnic", Latysheva O. ,   LLC "Technical University "Metinvest Polytechnic", Shevchenko N. ,   LLC "Technical University "Metinvest Polytechnic"
Published: April 2023

In the article has been proposed to use functional modeling tools for the transformation of business processes of material resource management of metallurgical companies. For a systematic vision of the business process from the beginning to the final result, it is proposed to combine the notations BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) and IDEF (Integrated DEFinition) in accordance with their advantages for solving specific tasks of an industrial enterprise. On the basis of Performance Management, a skillful combination of IDEF0 and BPMN notations creates a toolkit for effective transformation of business processes of mining and metallurgical companies, as the models allow you to visually display the current state of all processes and management stages, determine resources, regulations, tasks and the desired result. The algorithm for building visual models of "AS-IS" business processes (as is) in BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) and IDEF (Integrated DEFinition) notations, which provide information about the executors of the operation, the initial data for the operation, about algorithm of actions of specialists, on the basis of which regulatory requirements the final result is formed. The article provides an example of modeling business processes, which provides simplicity and visibility of areas that require changes and increased efficiency in the context of Performance Management. The proposed "AS-IS" models (as they are) regulate processes and allow identifying the most vulnerable areas in the organization's activities and eliminating existing problems. Correction of shortcomings, introduction of changes in information and material flows is proposed in the "TO-BE" model (as it should be) - a model close to the ideal organization of business processes. In the article has been proven that the use of the concept of Performance Management and functional modeling of business processes is relevant for companies in the metallurgical complex. The experience of modeling business processes of the leading Ukrainian metallurgical company of the Metinvest Holding Group was analyzed. The advantages of constructing diagrams in the proposed notations have been proven, which have a simple and clear visualization of the entire business process and allow visual flows to connect various processes (sub processes) and business units (departments, divisions, services).
Measuring the Performance of a Training Nurse Angiographer
Authors: Hill Hayley
Published: April 2023

Background/Aims

In considering whether the new role of nurse angiographer could be developed nationally, radiation exposure was focused on as a performance indicator to demonstrate if patients were positively or negatively impacted when compared to national benchmarks. Measuring this clinical performance indicator in the first 104 training cases would provide evidence to either adapt training to ensure improved clinical performance, or allow the role to be adopted in other hospitals.

Methods

A quasi-experimental, retrospective, comparative audit was statistically analysed to compare a training nurse angiographer’s dose area product and screening time against the national X-ray diagnostic reference levels, to identify whether they could consistently perform coronary angiography safely within these parameters.

Results

This audit provided reasonably robust evidence that appropriately experienced nurses can be trained in coronary angiography safely within the national diagnostic reference levels. This provides assurance that this new role does not negatively impact patients’ procedural outcomes and that existing measures in place provide satisfactory governance. This also indicates that robust background knowledge and pre-learnt motor skills are beneficial to any operator.

Conclusions

Although this study contributes to research within this area, further research is needed to demonstrate the scope and benefits of this nursing role to a wider healthcare population.
The Effect of Partners on Smoking Cessation Among Patients with Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Lampridou Smaragda , Tavares Sara , Bassett Paul , Jennings Catriona Sian
Published: April 2023

Background/Aims

Patients with or at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease often continue smoking, despite being medically advised to quit. Comprehensive preventive cardiology interventions, including behavioural strategies and support mechanisms among partners, can be effective in smoking cessation. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of partners on the ability of patients with a high cardiovascular risk who smoke to achieve a smoke-free lifestyle.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of pre-existing data collected within preventative cardiology programmes (EUROACTION, EUROACTION plus, MyAction Westminster and MyAction Galway) was conducted. The success rate for quitting smoking among patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease and their partners was measured at the end of the programme.

Results

A total of 222 patients and their partners attended the initial assessment and the end-of-programme visits. At initial assessment, none of the patients and 55% of the partners met the European goal of smoking abstinence, while at end of the programme, 64% of patients and 75% of partners sustained abstinence. The probability of quitting smoking at 16 weeks was significantly higher (4.76) among couples who tried to quit together (P<0.001).

Conclusions

During preventive cardiology programmes, having the support of a partner could help patients to achieve smoking abstinence. Efforts to support patients to quit smoking should include partners where possible.
Papanicolaou Smear screening in Aligarh: A Review of the Cases
Authors: Khan Abiha Ahmad , Naaz Syeda Aamena , Khan Diwan I. , M. Anas M. Anas
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer after breast cancer. The risk factors associated with this dreaded yet preventable cancer is age at sexual debut, parity, multiple sexual partners, use of contraceptives and smoking etc. Fortunately, the cervical cancer are preventable because of the early detection of precancerous lesions. This is made possible by the screening procedures routinely in practice such as Pap smear, visual inspection and HPV. Methodology: The study was conducted to evaluate cervical cytological abnormalities, through pap smear reported as inflammatory lesions, precancerous (CIN1/ CIN2/CIN3) and carcinoma in situ, in women who underwent pap smear screening at the hospital. Discussion and Conclusion: This was a prospective study of pap smears received in the cytopathology laboratory from January 2019 to July 2019. A total of 202 Papanicolaou smears were sent to the cytology laboratory during the 6month time period. There were 112 (55.4%) abnormal pap smears (epithelial cell abnormalities, infections and inflammatory smears). 14 (6.9%) smears were inadequate or unsatisfactory for evaluation. 89 (44%) cases had inflammatory changes whereas epithelial abnormality was seen in 23 (11%). These findings corroborate with the fact that Papanicolaou (Pap) test is an important screening tool and is a simple technique to detect precancerous cervical lesions.