bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
perspectiva sistémica de la Triple Hélice en la innovación social en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Amador Santiago Juan Erick , Tejeida Padilla Ricardo , Badillo Piña Isaías , Coria Páez Ana Lilia
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo hacer una revisión teórica proveniente de diversas fuentes, centrada en el estudio de la implementación de políticas públicas orientadas a la innovación social. Se utiliza como guía metodológica la Triple Hélice y el Modelo de Sistema Viable en entornos de similitud, social, económica, política, educativa y cultural, en el contexto mexicano. Asimismo, se pretende puntualizar los programas sociales basados en la Triple Hélice hallados en la búsqueda de la bibliografía que implementaron la inclusión de estos preceptos metodológicos. Los resultados se centran en la posibilidad de crear nuevas líneas de investigación en colaboración mediante el diseño y la propuesta de un modelo que subsane el campo de la innovación social para un mejor aporte conceptual.
Políticas organizacionales
Authors: Fierro Fimbres Marlene , Lutz Ley América Nallely
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el alcance que han tenido las políticas institucionales para la integración laboral femenina y evitar la segregación ocupacional en el sector minero de gran escala en México. Para ello, se selecciona como caso de estudio la unidad minera La Herradura, de la Minera Penmont. En cuanto a la recolección de información, se hace una revisión documental de las políticas institucionales de Fresnillo Plc., dueña de la minera, enfocadas en la integración laboral femenina y en evitar la segregación ocupacional, con el fin de observar la manera en que han incidido en la unidad minera La Herradura. En adición, se aplican entrevistas semiestructuradas a personal de confianza que laboran en la Minera Penmont, así como entrevistas estructuradas a trabajadoras mineras de La Herradura. Algunos de los hallazgos demuestran que, aunque existen políticas institucionales que procuran la igualdad de oportunidades de ingreso y promoción de las mujeres, las brechas de segregación persisten al interior de la estructura laboral de la empresa.
Manufacturing of Net-Shape and Wear-Resistant Composite Components via the Combination of Additive Manufacturing and Hot Isostatic Pressing
Authors: Mirz M.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Additive Manufacturing (AM) is an emerging technology with increasing importance in scientific and industrial applications. It is suitable for the manufacturing of very complex components straight from CAD data. Furthermore, it can complement powder metallurgical (PM) Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) when it is used to produce geometrical complex capsules, opposed to the manual fabrication by welding of sheet metal. This combined process route is highly automatable and can even be further enhanced when it is accompanied by numerical simulations in the design process of the near-net-shape capsules. Due to design optimization, there is no need to remove the capsule and it becomes an integral and functional part of the component. When the capsule is produced e.g., from wear-resistant materials, it can form a wear-resistant outer layer. This study comprises the manufacturing of net-shape and wear-resistant HIP capsules from the carbide rich cold working tool steel AISI A11 (X245VCrMo10-5-1) via Powder Bed Fusion – Electron Beam (PBF-EB). The capsules are filled with the tough Q+T steel AISI L6 (56NiCrMoV7) and densified by HIP with an integrated heat treatment. The focus is on the validation of the simulation, microstructural analysis, as well as analysis of the wear-resistance.
Simulation-Based Manufacturing of Near-Net-Shape Components and Prediction of the Microstructural Evolution during Hot Isostatic Pressing
Authors: Deng Y.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Following the development of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) with integrated rapid cooling technology, it is now possible to combine consolidation of encapsulated powder and subsequent heat treatment in a single step. In this study, the influences of pressure and cooling rate on the microstructural evolution of martensitic and duplex steels during the entire HIP process with rapid cooling are investigated. Besides the microscopic investigation of the microstructure, a material model for finite element (FE-) simulations was developed to numerically correlate the understanding based on experiments and to predict the final shape of the HIP component. This FE-simulation was additionally employed in the capsule design to achieve net-shape production of the components with complex geometries. The agreement between the experimental and simulated results validated the method to be able to ensure a near-net-shape product and to monitor microstructural development during HIP and rapid cooling.
Theoretical Evaluation of Capsule Material Strain Hardening on the Deformation of Long Cylindrical Blanks During HIP Process
Authors: Bochkov A.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The paper presents the results of the theoretical study of the effect of strain rate hardening (viscosity) of the capsule material on the process of hot isostatic pressing of a long cylindrical can with powder (so that the influence of lids can be neglected). Relations are obtained that make it possible to evaluate the qualitative estimations of the processes taking place at different stages of the HIP process. Calculations are made for the capsule shrinkage values.
Rapid L-PBF Printing of IN718 Coupled with HIP-Quench: A Faster Approach to Combine Manufacturing and Heat Treatment in a Nickel-Based Alloy
Authors: Bassini E.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Additive manufacturing has been attracting more and more interest in recent years. Researchers are constantly involved in enhancing component quality by tailoring the printing parameters, increasing the lead time and decreasing overall productivity. Rapid L-PBF printing is becoming an appealing strategy to make the components manufacturing faster. However, a rapid building strategy will likely cause a higher density of internal flaws that will be healed during the Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) cycle. In this work, Inconel 718 was L-PBF printed with two different strategies: The first consisted in creating a dense 1mm shell leaving loosened powders in the core; the latter used two sets of printing parameters for the 1mm shell and the core, respectively. The two strategies lead to 60 and 45% time reduction, respectively. Secondly, full densification and porosity elimination were achieved using a HIP-quench approach, which combines a fast-cooling step at the end of the HIP cycle, eliminating the need for a further annealing treatment. This work shows the results presenting the final microstructures and the retained flaw. Finally, the microstructural degree of recrystallization was also assessed via EBSD analysis.
Karakterisasi 6 Genotipe Cabai Rawit Hijau (Capsicum frustecens) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi
Authors: Suyuti Ivan Fadilla , Purnamaningsih Sri Lestari , Adiredjo Afifuddin Latif
Published: December 2023

Cabai rawit (Capsicum frustecens) termasuk ke dalam tanaman hortikultura yang banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat maupun industri di Indonesia. Permintaan cabai meningkat setttiap tahnnya terutama saat hari besar keagamaan mencapai 10-20%, sedangkan produksi rata-rata mencapai 6-7 ton per ha. Hal ini mengakibatkan pemerintah harus melakukan impor untuk memenuhi permintaan. Varietas cabai rawit yang beredar di masyarakat saat ini belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat terutama pada tingkat produksi. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena varietas cabai rawit yang beredar memiliki tingkat produksi yang rendah sehingga perlu dilakukan perakitan varietas unggul melalui program pemuliaan tanaman. Karakterisasi merupakan langkah penting dalam pemuliaan tanaman cabai rawit. Karakterisasi bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sifat tanaman yang bernilai ekonomis sehingga dapat diketahui karakter unggul yang dapat dimanfaatkan. Karakterisasi tanaman dibagi menjadi yaitu karakter morfologi dan agronomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan karakter morfologi dan agronomi keenam genotipe cabai rawit hijau. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-November 2022 di lahan CV. Borneo Seed yang berada di Kecamatan Karangploso, Malang. Bahan tanam yang digunakan adalah genotipe CRR03, CRG 18, CRC19, CRK27, CRS22, dan CRA43. Deskripsi karakter keenam genotipe cabai rawit hijau menunjukkan beberapa karakter yang tidak berbeda pada tiap genotipe meliputi bentuk daun, antosianin pada daun, antosianin node batang, pola bunga, pola buah, bentuk pangkal, bentuk ujung, bentuk buah dominan membujur, dan calyx. Karakter kuantitatif genotipe CRR03, CRK27 dan CRA43 memiliki hasil per hektar tinggi, umur panen paling genjah genotipe CRS22 dan CRC19. Pada karakter daya simpan buah paling lama adalah genotipe CRG18 sebesar 9,5 hari.
Uji Keragaman Genetik dan Kekerabatan 7 Galur Harapan Kacang Bambara (Vigna Subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi
Authors: Putri Rahayu Mustika , Waluyo Budi , Kuswanto Kuswanto
Published: December 2023

Kacang bogor atau kacang bambara merupakan tanaman yang adaptif di wilayah indonesia. Kandungan gizi yang terdapat dalam kacang bogor menjadikan tanaman ini berpotensi sebagai pangan alternatif. Di Indonesia, kacang bambara kurang banyak diperhatikan atau diketahui oleh masyarakat sehingga produksinya di dalam negeri masih tergolong rendah. Selain itu, minimnya ketersediaan varietas unggul juga mempengaruhi rendahnya produktivitas kacang bambara yang dibudidayakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik tujuh galur harapan tanaman kacang bambara sebagai evaluasi adanya galur potensial yang mampu dikembangkan sebagai varietas unggul atau sebagai tetua dalam persilangan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Jambegede Balitkabi yang terletak di Jalan Pertanian No. 6, Desa Kemiri, Kecamatan Kepanjen, Kabupaten Malang pada Bulan Desember 2020 sampai Mei 2021. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Galur kacang bambara yang digunakan diantaranya PWBG 5.2.1, PWBG 6, SS 2.4.2, SS 3.4.2, BBL 1.1, CCC 1.6, TVSU 8.6. Nilai KVG didapatkan dengan kategori sedang pada karakter jumlah polong per tanaman, jumlah biji per polong, dan bobot polong per tanaman. Nilai heritabilitas tinggi didapat pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah polong per tanaman, panjang polong, bobot polong per tanaman, jumlah biji per polong, panjang biji, dan berat 100 biji. Pengelompokan tujuh galur kacang bambara membentuk dua klaster yaitu kelompok PWBG 6, BBL 1.1 dan kelompok PWBG 5.2.1, SS 3.4.2, CCC 1.6, TVSU 8.6, SS 2.4.2. Berdasarkan pada koefisien kemiripan, galur yang memiliki kekerabatan paling dekat yaitu galur CCC 1.6 dengan PWBG 5.2.1. Galur yang memiliki kekerabatan paling jauh yaitu galur PWBG 6 dengan SS 3.4.2.
Focus. Utopie, dystopie, apocalyps
Authors: Kuil R.W.N.
Published: December 2023

N.a.v.: W. Aalders, De kerk, het hart van de wereldgeschiedenis (Kampen: Brevier, 2023) 335 p., € 29,99 (ISBN 9789493291065).
Distance Electronic Learning Strategy in Medical Teaching During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Alkuran Oqba , Al-Mehaisen Lama , Abu Mahfouz Ismaiel , Al-Kuran Lena , Asali Fida , Khamees Almu’atasim , AL-Shatanawi Tariq , Jaber Hatim
Published: December 2023

Background

Teaching hospitals have been regarded as the primary settings where doctors teach and practice high-quality medicine, as well as where medical students learn the profession and acquire their initial clinical skills. A percentage of instruction is now done over the internet or via electronic techniques. The present COVID-19 epidemic has pushed distance electronic learning (DEL) to the forefront of education at all levels, including medical institutions.

Objective

This study aimed to observe how late-stage medical students felt about DEL, which was put in place during the recent COVID-19 shutdown in Jordan.

Methods

We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional, web-based, questionnaire-based research study during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown between March 15 and May 1, 2020. During this period, all medical schools in Jordan shifted to DEL.

Results

A total of 380 students responded to a request to fill out the questionnaire, of which 256 completed the questionnaire. The data analysis showed that 43.6% (n=112) of respondents had no DEL experience, and 53.1% (n=136)of respondents perceived the DEL method as user-friendly. On the other hand, 64.1% (n=164) of students strongly believed that DEL cannot substitute traditional clinical teaching. There was a significant positive correlation between the perception of user-friendliness and the clarity of the images and texts used. Moreover, there was a strong positive correlation between the perception of sound audibility and confidence in applying knowledge gained through DEL to clinical practice.

Conclusions

DEL is a necessary and important tool in modern medical education, but it should be used as an auxiliary approach in the clinical setting since it cannot replace conventional personal instruction.
The Finnegan Score for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Revisited With Routine Electronic Data: Retrospective Study
Authors: Rech Till , Rubarth Kerstin , Bührer Christoph , Balzer Felix , Dame Christof
Published: December 2023

Background

The severity of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) may be assessed with the Finnegan score (FS). Since the FS is laborious and subjective, alternative ways of assessment may improve quality of care.

Objective

In this pilot study, we examined associations between the FS and routine monitoring data obtained from the electronic health record system.

Methods

The study included 205 neonates with NAS after intrauterine (n=23) or postnatal opioid exposure (n=182). Routine monitoring data were analyzed at 60±10 minutes (t–1) and 120±10 minutes (t–2) before each FS assessment. Within each time period, the mean for each variable was calculated. Readings were also normalized to individual baseline data for each patient and parameter. Mixed effects models were used to assess the effect of different variables.

Results

Plots of vital parameters against the FS showed heavily scattered data. When controlling for several variables, the best-performing mixed effects model displayed significant effects of individual baseline-controlled mean heart rate (estimate 0.04, 95% CI 0.02‐0.07) and arterial blood pressure (estimate 0.05, 95% CI 0.01‐0.08) at t–1 with a goodness of fit (R2m) of 0.11.

Conclusions

Routine electronic data can be extracted and analyzed for their correlation with FS data. Mixed effects models show small but significant effects after normalizing vital parameters to individual baselines.
Challenges for Medical Students in Applying Ethical Principles to Allocate Life-Saving Medical Devices During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Content Analysis
Authors: Hsieh Hsing-yen , Lin Chyi-her , Huang Ruyi , Lin Guan-chun , Lin Jhen-Yu , Aldana Clydie
Published: December 2023

Background

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant ethical dilemma in the allocation of scarce, life-saving medical equipment to critically ill patients. It remains uncertain whether medical students are equipped to navigate this complex ethical process.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the ability and confidence of medical students to apply principles of medical ethics in allocating critical medical devices through the scenario of virtual patients.

Methods

The study recruited third- and fourth-year medical students during clinical rotation. We facilitated interactions between medical students and virtual patients experiencing respiratory failure due to COVID-19 infection. We assessed the students’ ability to ethically allocate life-saving resources. Subsequently, we analyzed their written reports using thematic analysis to identify the ethical principles guiding their decision-making.

Results

We enrolled a cohort of 67 out of 71 medical students with a mean age of 34 (SD 4.7) years, 60% (n=40) of whom were female students. The principle of justice was cited by 73% (n=49) of students while analyzing this scenario. A majority of them expressed hesitancy in determining which patient should receive life-saving resources, with 46% (n=31) citing the principle of nonmaleficence, 31% (n=21) advocating for a first-come-first-served approach, and 25% (n=17) emphasizing respect for patient autonomy as key influencers in their decisions. Notably, medical students exhibited a lack of confidence in making ethical decisions concerning the distribution of medical resources. A minority, comprising 12% (n=8), proposed the exploration of legal alternatives, while 4% (n=3) suggested medical guidelines and collective decision-making as potential substitutes for individual ethical choices to alleviate the stress associated with personal decision-making.

Conclusions

This study highlights the importance of improving ethical reasoning under time constraints using virtual platforms. More than 70% of medical students identified justice as the predominant principle in allocating limited medical resources to critically ill patients. However, they exhibited a lack of confidence in making ethical determinations and leaned toward principles such as nonmaleficence, patient autonomy, adherence to legal and medical standards, and collective decision-making to mitigate the pressure associated with such decisions.
Factors Influencing Telehealth Service Use and Health Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Praha Nattaya , Sriyuktasuth Aurawamon , Puwarawuttipanit Wimolrat , Chuengsaman Piyatida , Kusakunniran Worapan
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy and user acceptance of telehealth in managing patients with chronic conditions, including continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). However, the rates of telehealth service use in various patient groups have been low and have declined over time, which may affect important health outcomes. Telehealth service use in patients undergoing CAPD has been recognized as a key challenge that needs to be examined further.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the rates of telehealth service use over 4 months, identify factors influencing its use, and examine the relationship between telehealth service use and health outcomes in Thai people undergoing CAPD.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study, which was a part of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial study, was conducted at a dialysis center in Bangkok, Thailand. The study included patients who were undergoing CAPD. These patients were randomly enrolled in the intervention group to receive telehealth service and additional standard care for 4 months. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires, including a demographic form, Functional, Communicative, and Critical Health Literacy Scale, Perceived Usefulness Questionnaire, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire, and Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36 Questionnaire. Additionally, Google Analytics was used to obtain data on the actual use of the telehealth service. These data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, repeated-measures ANOVA, and regression analyses.

RESULTS

A total of 159 patients were included in this study. The mean rate of telehealth service use throughout the period of 4 months was 62.06 (SD 49.71) times. The rate of telehealth service use was the highest in the first month (mean 23.48, SD 16.28 times) and the lowest in the third month (mean 11.09, SD 11.48 times). Independent variables explained 27.6% of the sample variances in telehealth service use. Older age (β=.221; P=.002), higher perceived usefulness (β=.414; P<.001), unemployment (β=−.155; P=.03), and positive illness perception (β=−.205; P=.004) were associated with a significantly higher rate of telehealth service use. Regarding the relationship between telehealth service use and health outcomes, higher rates of telehealth service use were linked to better quality of life (β=.241; P=.002) and lower peritonitis (odds ratio 0.980, 95% CI 0.962-0.997; P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides valuable insights into factors impacting telehealth service use, which in turn affect health outcomes in patients undergoing CAPD.
Derm-ographics: The Australian Dermatologist and Social Media (Preprint)
Authors: Rowson Antonia C , Rowson Saskia J
Published: December 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Social media significantly affects how patients understand their health and choose their healthcare providers, yet Australian dermatologists have a limited online presence compared to their global peers.
Use of Deep Neural Networks to Predict Obesity With Short Audio Recordings: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Jingyi , Guo Peiqi , Zhang Sheng , Ji Mengmeng , An Ruopeng
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

The escalating global prevalence of obesity has necessitated the exploration of novel diagnostic approaches. Recent scientific inquiries have indicated potential alterations in voice characteristics associated with obesity, suggesting the feasibility of using voice as a noninvasive biomarker for obesity detection.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to use deep neural networks to predict obesity status through the analysis of short audio recordings, investigating the relationship between vocal characteristics and obesity.

METHODS

A pilot study was conducted with 696 participants, using self-reported BMI to classify individuals into obesity and nonobesity groups. Audio recordings of participants reading a short script were transformed into spectrograms and analyzed using an adapted YOLOv8 model (Ultralytics). The model performance was evaluated using accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-scores.

RESULTS

The adapted YOLOv8 model demonstrated a global accuracy of 0.70 and a macro F1-score of 0.65. It was more effective in identifying nonobesity (F1-score of 0.77) than obesity (F1-score of 0.53). This moderate level of accuracy highlights the potential and challenges in using vocal biomarkers for obesity detection.

CONCLUSIONS

While the study shows promise in the field of voice-based medical diagnostics for obesity, it faces limitations such as reliance on self-reported BMI data and a small, homogenous sample size. These factors, coupled with variability in recording quality, necessitate further research with more robust methodologies and diverse samples to enhance the validity of this novel approach. The findings lay a foundational step for future investigations in using voice as a noninvasive biomarker for obesity detection.
Wearable Devices for Monitoring and Management of Heart Failure: Systematic Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Victor Adeyi Odeh
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Wearable devices, incorporating sensors, data processing, and wireless connectivity, present transformative tools for comprehensive heart failure care. These devices facilitate continuous monitoring, enabling early decompensation detection and real-time feedback. With the potential to revolutionize heart failure management, wearables offer a promising avenue for preventing exacerbations and improving patients' overall quality of life

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this review is to comprehensively analyze recent advancements in wearable technology for heart failure management. It aims to assess the clinical effectiveness, features, and functions of these devices, explore their role in remote monitoring, and discuss challenges and future directions in the field.

METHODS

A systematic and comprehensive search was performed on English papers that investigated the development, utilization, and impact of wearable devices in the context of heart failure management. The search encompassed a range of electronic databases. The PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines was used.

RESULTS

We identified 1304 articles, of which 270 were eligible for full-text screening. A total of 109 full-text articles were included in the review, revealing a multifaceted landscape of monitoring and management in the context of heart failure. Within this comprehensive body of literature, we identified ten distinct monitoring and management domains: cardiovascular parameters, biomarkers, medication adherence, physical activity, early detection and decompensation, telehealth interventions, wearables, and remote monitoring technologies. Notably, there was a clear trend of increasing research activity across these domains, with a particularly pronounced acceleration observed in recent years, notably in the fields of continuous monitoring of vital signs and remote monitoring technologies.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic scoping review offers a comprehensive perspective on recent advances in wearable devices for the monitoring and management of heart failure, shedding light on the diverse array of monitoring domains and approaches utilized in research. The findings of this review underscore the considerable potential for the effectiveness of various monitoring domains, with notable strengths observed in medication monitoring, cardiac function assessment, and digital health applications. As we move forward, future investigations should consider adapting relevant hospital-based diagnostic tools for home use, exploring their potential benefits in a home setting. Furthermore, there is a promising avenue for research to integrate multiple home-monitoring domains, thereby facilitating comprehensive multi-parameter decision-making and enabling personalized clinical decision support to enhance the care of heart failure patients.
Efficacy of ChatGPT in Educating Patients and Clinicians about Skin Toxicities of Cancer Treatment (Preprint)
Authors: Chang Annie , Young Jade , Para Andrew , Lamb Angela , Gulati Nicholas
Published: December 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

This study investigates the application of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence tool, in providing information on skin toxicities associated with cancer treatments. The study utilized 40 questions, split between patient-oriented and oncologist-oriented, to assess the accuracy and comprehensiveness of ChatGPT's responses. Three oncodermatology specialists from a New York tertiary academic institution evaluated the responses, which showed high accuracy and comprehensiveness. However, the reading level of the responses was at the college level, potentially limiting their accessibility to patients. The study highlighted that while ChatGPT can serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, its use for patient education requires careful consideration due to the complex nature of the information provided. There were also some concerns about the need for evidence-based and up-to-date clinical recommendations. Despite these challenges, ChatGPT demonstrates potential as a supplementary tool for oncologists and dermatologists in managing and educating about cancer treatment-related skin toxicities.
Evolutionary Trend of Dental Healthcare Information on Chinese Social Media Platforms during 2018-2022: Retrospective Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhu Zhiyu , Ye Zhiyun , Wang Qian , Li Ruomei , Li Hairui , Guo Weiming , Li Zhenxia , Xia Lunguo , Fang Bing
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Social media holds an increasingly significant position in contemporary society, wherein the evolving public perspectives are mirrored by transitional information. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive analysis regarding the nature and evolution of dental healthcare information on Chinese social media platforms despite the extensive user engagement and voluminous content.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to probe into the nature and evolution of dental healthcare and orthodontic information on Chinese social media platforms between 2018 and 2022. By examining keyword prevalence, user engagement, and information quality, patterns and associations were identified that could yield valuable insights for dental practitioners, investigators, and educators.

METHODS

Targeting three major platforms including Weibo, WeChat, and Zhihu, posts from March 2018, 2020, and 2022 were collected to construct an original social media database (ODB), from which the most popular articles (N=180) were selected to create a database for further analysis (ADB). Natural Language Processing tools were used to assist tracking topic trends and word clouds were generated. The DISCERN health information quality assessment questionnaire was employed for information quality evaluation.

RESULTS

The quantity of Weibo posts in ODB has increased approximately fourfold during the observation period, with discussion of orthodontic topics showing the fastest growth, surpassing general dentistry after 2020. In ADB, the engagement of content on Weibo and Zhihu also displayed an upward trend. The overall information quality of articles on three platforms was moderate or low. 79.44% (n=143) of the articles were written by non-professionals, and 58.33% (n=105) shared personal medical experiences. On Weibo and WeChat, articles authored by healthcare professionals had higher DISCERN scores (Weibo P=.04; WeChat P=.02), but there was a negative correlation between engagement and DISCERN scores (Weibo tau-b=-.45, P=.01; WeChat tau-b=-.30, P=.02).

CONCLUSIONS

There has been a significant increase in the dissemination and engagement of dental healthcare information on Chinese social media platforms during 2018-2022. The public interest has evolved with a burst of keywords related to functional dentofacial aesthetics and preventative care in the word clouds. Articles with the highest engagement tend to have moderate or low information quality, with non-professional narratives and personal medical experiences garnering more attraction than informative content from healthcare professionals.
Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment From Non-Semantic, Acoustic Voice Features: The Framingham Heart Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ding Huitong , Lister Adrian , Karjadi Cody , Au Rhoda , Lin Honghuang , Bischoff Brian , Hwang Phillip H
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

With the aging global population and the rising burden of Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRDs), there is a growing focus on identifying mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to enable timely interventions that could potentially slow down the onset of clinical dementia. The production of speech by an individual is a cognitively complex task that engages various cognitive domains. The ease of audio data collection highlights the potential cost-effectiveness and noninvasive nature of using human speech as a tool for cognitive assessment.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to construct a machine learning pipeline that incorporates speaker diarization, feature extraction, feature selection, and classification to identify a set of acoustic features derived from voice recordings that exhibit strong MCI detection capability.

METHODS

The study included 100 MCI cases and 100 cognitively normal controls matched for age, sex, and education from the Framingham Heart Study. Participants' spoken responses on neuropsychological tests were recorded, and the recorded audio was processed to identify segments of each participant's voice from recordings that included voices of both testers and participants. A comprehensive set of 6385 acoustic features was then extracted from these voice segments using OpenSMILE and Praat software. Subsequently, a random forest model was constructed to classify cognitive status using the features that exhibited significant differences between the MCI and cognitively normal groups. The MCI detection performance of various audio lengths was further examined.

RESULTS

An optimal subset of 29 features was identified that resulted in an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87, with a 95% CI of 0.81-0.94. The most important acoustic feature for MCI classification was the number of filled pauses (importance score=0.09, P=3.10E–08). There was no substantial difference in the performance of the model trained on the acoustic features derived from different lengths of voice recordings.

CONCLUSIONS

This study showcases the potential of monitoring changes to nonsemantic and acoustic features of speech as a way of early ADRD detection and motivates future opportunities for using human speech as a measure of brain health.
User Experience and Extended Technology Acceptance Model in Commercial Health Care App Usage Among Patients With Cancer: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Park Ye-Eun , Tak Yae Won , Kim Inhye , Lee Hui Jeong , Lee Jung Bok , Lee Jong Won , Lee Yura
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

The shift in medical care toward prediction and prevention has led to the emergence of digital health care as a valuable tool for managing health issues. Aiding long-term follow-up care for cancer survivors and contributing to improved survival rates. However, potential barriers to mobile health usage, including age-related disparities and challenges in user retention for commercial health apps, highlight the need to assess the impact of patients’ abilities and health status on the adoption of these interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the app adherence and user experience of commercial health care apps among cancer survivors using an extended technology acceptance model (TAM).

METHODS

The study enrolled 264 cancer survivors. We collected survey results from May to August 2022 and app usage records from the app companies. The survey questions were created based on the TAM.

RESULTS

We categorized 264 participants into 3 clusters based on their app usage behavior: short use (n=77), medium use (n=101), and long use (n=86). The mean usage days were 9 (SD 11) days, 58 (SD 20) days, and 84 (SD 176) days, respectively. Analysis revealed significant differences in perceived usefulness (P=.01), interface satisfaction (P<.01), equity (P<.01), and utility (P=.01) among the clusters. Structural equation modeling indicated that perceived ease-of-use significantly influenced perceived usefulness (β=0.387, P<.01), and both perceived usefulness and attitude significantly affected behavioral intention and actual usage.

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed the importance of positive user experience and clinician recommendations in facilitating the effective usage of digital health care tools among cancer survivors and contributing to the evolving landscape of medical care.
Health Needs Assessment in Home-Living Older Adults: Protocol for a Pre-Post Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kvalsvik Fifi , Larsen Bente Hamre , Eilertsen Grethe , Falkenberg Helle K , Dalen Ingvild , Haaland Stine , Storm Marianne
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Conducting a health needs assessment for older adults is important, particularly for early detection and management of frailty. Such assessments can help to improve health outcomes, maintain overall well-being, and support older adults in retaining their independence as they age at home.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, a systematic approach to health needs assessment is adopted in order to reflect real-world practices in municipal health care and capture the nuances of frailty. The aim is to assess changes in frailty levels in home-living older adults over 5 months and to examine the observable functional changes from a prestudy baseline (t1) to a poststudy period (t2). Additionally, the study explores the feasibility of conducting the health needs assessment from the perspective of home-living older adults and their informal caregivers.

METHODS

Interprofessional teams of registered nurses, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists will conduct 2 health needs assessments covering physical, cognitive, psychological, social, and behavioral domains. The study includes 40 home-living older adults of 75 years of age or older, who have applied for municipal health and care services in Norway. A quantitative approach will be applied to assess changes in frailty levels in home-living older adults over 5 months. In addition, we will examine the observable functional changes from t1 to t2 and how these changes correlate to frailty levels. Following this, a qualitative approach will be used to examine the perspectives of participants and their informal caregivers regarding the health needs assessment and its feasibility. The final sample size for the qualitative phase will be determined based on the participant’s willingness to be interviewed. The quantitative data consist of descriptive statistics, simple tests, and present plots and correlation coefficients. For the qualitative analysis, we will apply thematic analysis.

RESULTS

The initial baseline assessments were completed in July 2023, and the second health needs assessments are ongoing. We expect the results to be available for analysis in the spring of 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

This study has potential benefits for not only older adults and their informal caregivers but also health care professionals. Moreover, it can be used to inform future studies focused on health needs assessments of this specific demographic group. The study also provides meaningful insights for local policy makers, with potential future implications at the national level.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05837728; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05837728

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/55192
Los determinantes del retorno de mexicanos desde Estados Unidos en perspectiva. ¿Una nueva historia?
Authors: Teran Diego
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo se centra en analizar las diferencias a lo largo del tiempo y del espacio en cuanto al fenómeno del retorno de mexicanos desde Estados Unidos. Se estudia la tendencia que ha seguido el retorno migratorio a México en los últimos 30 años en términos de volumen, pero también se efectúa una visualización espacial, para describir la geografía del fenómeno y las transformaciones en el patrón migratorio a raíz de cambios en la frontera entre México y Estados Unidos. La metodología utilizada se basa en el análisis de sobrevivencia, que permite analizar los factores que inciden en que un individuo realice el retorno migratorio. Los resultados muestran diferencias por región migratoria, época de migración y curso de vida.
Comparando la protección de la identidad de género de las mujeres trans privadas de la libertad en Colombia y México
Authors: Guerrero Andrade Iran , Ruiz Urrea Linda Alexandra
Published: December 2023

El artículo compara cómo se ha protegido jurídicamente la identidad de género de las mujeres trans privadas de la libertad en Colombia y México. El argumento que guía el desarrollo es que, a pesar de existir múltiples instrumentos internacionales y nacionales que protegen los derechos humanos de las personas trans privadas de la libertad, éstos no encuentran vigencia mínima en la realidad de ambos países. Por el contrario, tanto en Colombia como en México existe una profunda inobservancia de los criterios mínimos de derechos humanos al momento de determinar la asignación carcelaria de las mujeres trans.
El abuso de la suspensión del acto reclamado por razones políticas: elementos para atenuarlo
Authors: Vázquez Acuña Félix
Published: December 2023

El juicio de amparo y la suspensión del acto reclamado son excelentes medios para proteger el derecho humano a disfrutar de un medio ambiente sano. Sin embargo, también se prestan para que ciertas personas —físicas y morales—, abusen y los utilicen como instrumento político para poner obstáculos al gobierno. Como ejemplo, tenemos varios de los juicios y suspensiones solicitados en contra de la construcción del aeropuerto de Santa Lucía. Afortunadamente existen tres elementos que ayudan a impedir o atenuar ese abuso: el interés legítimo, la necesidad del daño inminente y que sea irreparable, y el perjuicio al interés social.
Albert y otros contra Hungría: el Tribunal de Estrasburgo frente a la limitación de los derechos de participación corporativa
Authors: Garduño Domínguez Gustavo
Published: December 2023

El Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos es competente para resolver las demandas presentadas por personas físicas, grupos de particulares u organizaciones no gubernamentales que acusen la violación de los derechos humanos previstos en el respectivo Convenio Europeo y sus protocolos. En el caso Albert y otros contra Hungría, los quejosos adujeron que el Estado violó su derecho a la propiedad tras aplicar rigurosas regulaciones a los bancos de los que eran accionistas. Este asunto obliga a cuestionar cuál es el grado de legitimación que posee una persona física para demandar ante dicho Tribunal la afectación de su derecho a la propiedad, específicamente cuando las autoridades nacionales actúan sobre una empresa, y no directamente sobre la esfera jurídica de un ser humano. Esta sentencia también invita a reflexionar acerca de los argumentos que pudieron esgrimirse para responder al fondo del asunto, como la proporcionalidad, el margen nacional de apreciación y el consenso regional en la regulación de un derecho.
Software Control of Wind Turbine Being the Part of Wind Power Plant Based on Drive Vibration Loading and Relevant Executive Decision-Making Preparation at Various Energy Unit Operation Modes
Authors: Buyalsky V. I.
Published: December 2023

The relevance of time access scheme optimization to the device measuring blade repositioning from the offered and basic decision-making control methods based on critical analysis of relevant system preparation to external disturbances is proved. Optimization of access time interval of measured values for a random process due to lead time interval reduction by 50 % based on coordinated functioning of the offered and existing wind electric unit control methods is performed. The operation is stipulated by access time differentiation to the engine of a pitch-angle blade drive from the considered control action elaboration which constitutes ∆ t=5 s . It allows to consider the optimum time required to prepare the system for external disturbances, and to increase the accuracy of external disturbance anticipated values providing minimal lead time interval of process implementation at time . To minimize output parameter control time according to the basic executive decision-making method and to increase the accuracy of wind speed determination and the power consumption being characterized as a random software implemented process, when measured values can be stored in a file with further application for future lead intervals, an approach to decrease control time of output parameters by 50% was developed, since the control is first implemented for the time interval ∆ t 1 ' = 60 s , while for the next interval it is ∆ t 2 ' =10 s. A software automation solution to control the wind electric unit within the wind power plant taking into account drive vibration loading and relevant decision-making preparation of the system at various energy unit operation modes was developed.
Development of Technique for Piezoelectric Element Automated Selection Process
Authors: Al-Rufaee F. M. , Yakimovich B. A. , Kuvshinov V. V.
Published: December 2023

Iezoelectric elements are one of the most popular electronic components in use and are used in many electronic devices. These devices are very effectively used in medicine, education, construction, the oil and gas industry, military equipment, metrology, and many other fields. They are part of devices that provide diagnostics of various human organs, measure the flow of pumped liquids and gases, and utilize the mechanical energy of a person and vehicles for the purpose of its subsequent conversion into electrical energy. Currently, manufacturers of piezoelectric elements present a large number of various models on the Russian market that can satisfy any customer request. The orientation of developers of electronic devices that use piezoelectric elements, is quite difficult. In addition, great difficulties arise in the selection of piezoelectric elements at the present time, when many models have become unavailable for purchase within the country. To evaluate several models of piezoelectric elements in the shortest possible time, taking into account the analysis of a large amount of data, is very difficult and time-consuming, as well as involving a large team of specialized experts for analysis. To optimize the choice of the most appropriate model and save time and human resources, an automated control system for the selection of piezoelectric elements has been implemented. The proposed system takes into account a set of the most significant properties of piezoelectric elements as well as the possibility of their purchase (availability) in the domestic market, which significantly reduces the time spent by companies in selecting the necessary devices. The system is one of the elements of the developed methodology for selecting piezoelectric elements.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Yolov5 and yolov8 Algorithms for Detecting Human Personal Protective Equipment
Authors: Filichkin S. A. , Vologdin S. V.
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the comparative analysis of different architectures of convolutional neural networks of YOLO class: YOLOv5 and YOLOv8. Neural network was trained on a dataset consisting of more than 2,200 marked digital images. Detection and recognition of 8 classes of personal protective equipment such as medical masks, gloves, helmets, goggles, uniforms and others was performed. To evaluate the efficiency of the object detection algorithms such characteristics as accuracy metrics, learning time and memory size of the neural networks were used. The research confirms the high efficiency and accuracy of the YOLO algorithms in the detection and recognition of objects in digital still and video images. The research shows that the average accuracy of mAP object detection in YOLOv8 is 3% higher than in YOLOv5, while the performance in the new algorithm has increased by more than 50% compared with the earlier version of the neural network. The results obtained can be used to improve the object detection system in various fields, such as the automotive industry, medical and scientific research, the security field, and etc. Based on the results of the experiment, conclusions were made regarding the selection of an algorithm for the detection of human personal protective equipment. Further research in this area may be based on expanding the volume of training datasets to improve the accuracy of object recognition and evaluate the performance of algorithms on large amounts of data. Further research is planned in the area of optimizing the architecture of convolutional neural networks to improve the efficiency, speed and accuracy of object detection in digital images.