bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of clinico-haematological and echocardiographic features at diagnosis between complete and incomplete Kawasaki disease: a 12-years single centered experience from a tertiary care referral center of Bangladesh
Authors: Ali M. Asif , Haque Mujammel , Talukder Manik Kumar
Published: February 2025

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in childhood with coronary artery abnormalities among 15-25% of cases. This study aimed to compare the clinico-haematological profile and initial echocardiographic changes of coronary arteries among complete and incomplete KD patients admitted in a tertiary care center in Bangladesh.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of 66 children diagnosed with KD admitted in the Department of Paediatrics from July 2010 to March 2023 at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh.
Results: In our study, 51.5% patients had complete KD while 48.5% had incomplete KD. Children with incomplete KD (9.23±4.74 days) had a longer-lasting fever in comparison to complete KD patients (7.36±3.21 days). All the typical clinical symptoms of KD were observed significantly less frequently in children with incomplete KD. Laboratory findings between the two groups showed no significant differences. We observed that children with incomplete KD had significantly higher frequency of abnormal coronary artery at diagnosis (67.7%) in comparison to children with complete KD (34.3%). Here, children with incomplete KD had significantly higher frequency of at least one coronary artery aneurysm and mild coronary artery aneurysms in relation to complete KD patients.
Conclusions: All the typical clinical symptoms of KD were observed significantly less frequently along with longer dutration of fever in children with incomplete KD. Laboratory findings between the two groups showed no significant differences. Children with incomplete KD had significantly higher frequency of abnormal coronary artery at diagnosis in comparison to complete KD patients.
Continuous positive airway pressure in the treatment of meconium aspiration syndrome
Authors: Dangriwal Komal , Arora Vivek , Narnolia Pankaj , Dhawal Ayushi
Published: February 2025

Background: Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is a significant neonatal condition, often associated with meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF), fetal distress and severe respiratory complications. Management involves various forms of respiratory support, with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) being an effective, non-invasive option. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of CPAP therapy in neonates with MAS and identify predictors of success and failure in a tertiary care setting.
Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted at the Paediatric Department of RNT Medical College, Udaipur, from January 2024 to July 2024. A total of 77 neonates with MAS were enrolled, with data collected on maternal complications, delivery mode, clinical status, and neonatal outcomes. CPAP was initiated in most cases, and its effectiveness was monitored.
Results: Fetal distress was present most commonly in newborns with maternal complications (55.26%), followed by pregnancy-induced hypertension (19.74%). Most infants were born via C-section (42.1%), with a mean birth weight of 2.53 kg. CPAP was successful in 85.53% of cases, with predictors of success including lower Downe’s scores. Severe asphyxia was the leading cause of mortality (13.16%).
Conclusions: CPAP is a highly effective treatment for moderate-to-severe MAS, offering advantages over mechanical ventilation in terms of reduced complications. Early initiation improves respiratory outcomes and reduces the need for invasive ventilation. Monitoring and early identification of risk factors, such as Downe’s score, are crucial for optimizing management.
Critical care in paediatrics: the role of ventilation techniques in managing acute respiratory conditions
Authors: Soni Pankaj , Cheriathu Jenny
Published: February 2025

This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of ventilation techniques in managing paediatric acute respiratory conditions, including asthma, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. The review included 19 studies from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, published between 2015 and 2024. Findings showed that non-invasive ventilation (NIV) methods like CPAP along with BiPAP improve oxygenation and reduce intubation rates, with CPAP effective for mild cases and BiPAP for severe distress. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) outperformed standard oxygen therapy (SOT), though comparisons with NIV remain inconclusive. Invasive techniques like pressure-regulated volume control (PRVC) along with pressure support ventilation (PSV) are vital for unstable patients, with PRVC preventing barotrauma and PSV easing respiratory effort. Additionally, four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) imaging proved valuable in optimizing ventilation strategies and improving diagnostic accuracy.  In conclusion, NIV techniques like CPAP along with BiPAP are effective in improving oxygenation and reducing intubation rates in paediatric respiratory conditions, with BiPAP being more suitable for severe distress. HFNC shows promise over SOT, though further comparison with NIV is needed. Invasive ventilation methods, such as PRVC and PSV, are essential for managing unstable patients, with PRVC offering protection against barotrauma and PSV enhancing respiratory efficiency. The study underscores the importance of lung-protective strategies to minimize risks in paediatric ventilation.
Minimal dose inhaled salbutamol leading to diastolic hypotension (rare presentation) and significant lactic acidosis mimicking shock, a case report from tertiary care hospital in Ajman, UAE
Authors: Onsy Ahmed Badr , Gattoo Imran Ahmad , Abdelrahem Amna Abdallah , Abdullh Rana Mohammed Hussien , Tayyem Asmaa Mahmoud Abu
Published: February 2025

Salbutamol is a selective β2-receptor agonist widely used to treat asthma in both emergency and outpatient settings. It has been associated with a various side effects ranging from mild to severe in presentation. Lactic acidosis and diastolic hypotension are rarely reported together following intermittent salbutamol nebulization in children, even less so at standard therapeutic doses. We present the case of an 11-year-old Emirati male child, known asthmatic but not on any preventive therapy, who experienced a serious drug reaction during an asthma exacerbation following inhaled salbutamol (5 mg back to back, overall 5 to 10 mg. while he was receiving the second  dose of salbutamol nebulization in our emergency department, he developed persistent hypotension (lowest 70/45) despite fluid boluses, also he had elevated blood lactate levels (peak concentration 9 mmol/l), following the  hyperglycemia (peak concentration 18 mmol/l), hypokalemia (lowest concentration 3.3 mEq/l).The aforementioned alterations improved within 24 hours after discontinuation of salbutamol and without any further fluid boluses which has been initiated initially at the causality based on the presentation that was mimicking shock status. We reinforce the message that even the use of intermittent nebulized salbutamol for acute moderate asthma can lead to severe transient complications in children. Then, healthcare providers should pay attention not only in emergency settings, to achieve prompt recognition and proper management of this adverse reaction. Careful reassessment could prevent similar reactions and further serious complications.
Rare neurological manifestation following hepatitis A infection: a report of 2 cases
Authors: Pal Sumit , Nag Anushka , Sarkar Soumya
Published: February 2025

Hepatitis A is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis in developing countries. Extra-hepatic manifestation is very rare occurrence in Hepatitis A. We report 2 cases, one developing Acute Cerebellar Ataxia and another Opsoclonus Myoclonus Ataxia syndrome (OMAS). The former presented with Ataxia of acute onset one week after Hepatitis A infection. The patient did not have any neurological complication and responded to conservative management. The second patient was a 7-year-old girl presented with behavioral abnormality, jerky eye movements and ataxia with myoclonus following a Hepatitis A infection one week ago. Patient was treated with pulse dose methyl prednisolone followed by oral prednisolone and showed a prompt response. Neurological manifestation following Hepatitis A is a rare phenomenon.
A case of mucopolysaccharidosis type VI in Indian family: importance of clinical characteristics, urinary GAG and enzyme assay in diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis
Authors: Ali Mohammad Amir , Maheshwari Shivangi , Mohapatra Mrunmay Das , Dash Dillip Kumar
Published: February 2025

Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) are hereditary progressive disease caused by mutations in genes coding for lysosomal enzymes essential to breakdown GAG. The inadequate degradation process leads to accumulation GAG in lysosome of diverse tissues, which interfere with cell functioning and leads to characteristic patterns of clinical, radiologic and biochemical problems.   Patient appears to be healthy at birth and, symptoms start about 2-3 years of age. Clinical characteristics, radiographic findings, and notably enzyme assays have allowed us to make a clear diagnosis in these situations. There are extremely few cases of MPS VI reported in India. Here we are reporting a case of 14 yr. old female patient with a combination of clinical, radiological and biochemical characteristics confirmed as a case of MPS type VI. This example illustrates that atypical clinical symptom, such as growth failure, coarse facial features, and joint difficulties, are key pointers for further investigations linked to MPS disease. However, in low- and middle-income countries, it is difficult to make a definite diagnosis of one of the MPS due to insufficient enzyme assay.
Unveiling the clinical profiles and triggers of adverse cutaneous drug reactions at Jagakarsa general hospital
Authors: Alfadli Robby , Khairunisa Sasa , Alprida Bella , Rosaline Bernadette Jessica , Zahra Denizha Irfani , Darsono Nancy Dalla
Published: February 2025

Background: Adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ACDR) are common side effects of drug use. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of patients, clinical profiles and risk factors associated with ACDR in patients visiting the Emergency Department of RSUD Jagakarsa.
Methods: This study is a retrospective study by analyzing medical records of patients who experienced ACDR from November 2023 to October 2024. Variables analyzed included demographic data, clinical profiles, causative drugs, onset time and risk factors.
Results: There were 40 cases of ACDR with a higher prevalence in females. Patient age varied with a mean of 35.80±16.54 years. The most common clinical presentation was urticaria (42.5%), followed by angioedema (22.5%) and maculopapular rash (17.5%). The most common drugs causing ACDR were antibiotics (32.5%), NSAIDs (25%) and antihypertensives (12.5%). Most cases (70%) had an onset of less than 24 hours. Associated risk factors included a previous history of drug allergy and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
Conclusions: Increased awareness of ACDR and preventive efforts are needed to reduce the incidence and impact of ACDR.
Melanonychia striata with lentiginous pigmentation: a rare case report
Authors: Shah Dhyey Nimish , Patel Aanal , Solanki Dhimahi A. , Patel Gopika A. , Patel Krina B. , Lalchandani Deeksha
Published: February 2025

Melanonychia is characterized by brown to black discolouration of nail plate of the finger nail or toe nail due to pigment deposition. The aetiology of melanonychia ranges from benign causes that are nevus and lentigines to a malignant one like melanoma, which is however rare. Other aetiology includes post-traumatic, nutritional deficiency, infections, constitutional etc. We report here; a nine-year-old male child who presented to us with concern of pigmented nail bands. A dermoscopic and histopathological evaluation indicated the presence of an intradermal nevus along with concurrent lentiginous pigmentation, which is a rare occurrence.
Congenital Beckers nevus overlying plexiform neurofibroma in neurofibromatosis type-1: more than a rare association
Authors: Ramanand Chetana Peenya , Balawat Aishwarya , Shivaswamy Kanakpura Nanjundaswamy , Sumathy Tharayil Kunneth
Published: February 2025

Plexiform neurofibroma (PFN) is the hallmark of Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1), an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the neurofibromin gene.1 Becker's nevus (BN) is an acquired pigmentary disorder characterized by hyperpigmentation and hypertrichosis, presenting in adolescence.2 Here we present a 28-year-old male with a congenital hyperpigmented pigmented patch over his back which later on increased in size and developed excessive hair growth and subsequently swelling. The patient had no other swellings of neurofibroma but satisfied all the criteria of Type-1 Neurofibromatosis. Clinical, dermoscopic and histopathologic features confirmed the diagnosis of PFN with BN in NF-1. Two special stains including S-100 and Fontana Mason stain ruled out other possibilities and further confirmed the diagnosis of Congenital Becker’s Nevus with Plexiform Neurofibroma in NF-1. The report emphasizes that in NF-1, Becker’s nevus can masquerade an ominous presence of plexiform neurofibroma. The case has been reported for the rarity of association of Congenital Beckers Nevus with Plexiform Neurofibroma in NF-1.
Pretibial myxoedema: a case study of a 49-year-old male
Authors: Rajagopalan Rajesh , Vedhanayagam Mohankumar , Kandasamy Revathi , Govindan Srinivasahan Karattupalayam , Thangavelu Priyathileepan , K. Sachin Subrahmanya
Published: February 2025

Pretibial myxoedema (PTM), also known as thyroid dermopathy, is a rare but distinctive complication of Graves’ disease, often appearing as skin lesions on the shins. A 49-year-old male with thyrotoxicosis and diabetes presented with significant swelling in his lower legs, including the shins, ankles, and feet. Laboratory tests revealed normal thyroid function but elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies, confirming PTM diagnosis upon biopsy. Thyroid dermopathy is usually asymptomatic, but severe cases may result in elephantiasis or thyroid acropachy, often accompanying ophthalmopathy, which typically appears earlier. Diagnosis is made by identifying characteristic lesions in patients with a history of Graves' disease and ophthalmopathy, sometimes requiring biopsy for confirmation. Though many cases are mild and self-resolving, topical corticosteroids can provide relief in symptomatic or cosmetically concerning cases. In severe instances, systemic immunomodulation may be required, though evidence supporting its long-term efficacy is limited. The underlying pathogenesis involves immune-mediated fibroblast activation and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production, particularly in the pretibial area due to mechanical factors. Studies show that subclinical dermopathy can occur in untreated Graves' disease, though histological changes in other areas like the forearm remain rare. Overall, treatment remains largely palliative, with more effective options still needed.
Providing comprehensive psychosocial care for adolescents with keloids in dermatology practice
Authors: Miner Kaitlyn , Marciano Rachel , Pugliese Andrew , Kakarla Sriya , Berman Jacquelyn , Gonzalez Karen , Frasier Kelly , Mensah Belinda , Vinagolu-Baur Julia
Published: February 2025

Keloids, characterized by excessive collagen deposition resulting in raised and often painful scars, profoundly affect the psychosocial well-being of adolescents, leading to anxiety, depression, and social withdrawal during a critical period of identity formation. Current literature highlights these challenges but lacks comprehensive management strategies within dermatological practice. This review identifies the need for integrated care models that combine clinical treatment with mental health support, including routine psychosocial screening, immediate counseling referrals, and adolescent-specific education programs on keloid management and emotional coping. Training dermatologists to recognize psychological distress and adopt compassionate communication is essential. Collaborative research should focus on evaluating these integrative care models and developing evidence-based guidelines. By pioneering these comprehensive strategies, dermatology practices can improve physical outcomes and significantly enhance the quality of life for adolescents with keloids, addressing both the physical and psychological scars. Future research should prioritize the longitudinal impact of these interventions on mental health and treatment adherence, establishing a new standard of care that fully supports adolescent keloid patients. By implementing these comprehensive strategies, dermatology practices can enhance physical outcomes and significantly improve the quality of life for adolescents with keloids, addressing both the physical and psychological impacts in the management of keloids in this vulnerable population.
“Let the world know...”. Correspondence between Emil Zegadłowicz and Jewish female students of Zofia Rozenfeld Gymnasium in Warsaw
Authors: Wójcik Mirosław
Published: February 2025

W artykule przedstawiam korespondencję Emila Zegadłowicza (1888–1941) prowadzoną w latach 1937–1939 z tak zwaną „Trzydziestką”, tj. gronem żydowskich uczennic gimnazjum Zofii Rozenfeldowej w Warszawie współpracujących z „Małym Przeglądem”. Dla zrekonstruowania dziejów tego kontaktu wykorzystuję odnalezione w archiwach, niepublikowane dotychczas listy zarówno nastoletnich korespondentek pisarza, jak i ich opiekunki Felicji Wermusówny. W zachowanych listach „Trzydziestki” dominują motywy środowiskowe, nie brak też refleksji natury ogólnoludzkiej, często spotykanymi motywami jest tęsknota do ładu biologii, przyroda przeciwstawiona urbanizmowi, płynący z obserwacji najbliższego otoczenia mieszkanek żydowskich dzielnic Warszawy pesymizm i uczucie grozy, jakie rodzi rozwijający się faszyzm i coraz powszechniej spotykane przejawy antysemityzmu, troska o los narodu żydowskiego, protest przeciwko obojętności ludzi, zatracie ideałów braterstwa oraz gloryfikacja Prawdy i Przyjaźni.
Personal Document as a Literary Problem (Based on the Example of Records from the Holocaust)
Authors: Rodak Paweł
Published: February 2025

W artykule rozważana jest sytuacja, w której zapisy codzienne, dokumentalne i autobiograficzne, dokonywane przez osoby nie będące pisarzami i traktowane do tej pory jako nieliterackie, zaczynają być włączane w obszar literatury i uzyskują status dzieł czy utworów literackich. Z taką sytuacją mamy dzisiaj między innymi do czynienia w Polsce, jeśli chodzi o zapisy doświadczeń Zagłady. Są one wprowadzane w obręb literatury poprzez kategorię „literatury dokumentu osobistego”, wprowadzoną przez Romana Zimanda. Autor artykułu dostrzega zasadność takiej operacji, dzięki której zapisy codzienne, dokumentalne i autobiograficzne uzyskują należne im znaczenie. Wskazuje zarazem pięć podstawowych operacji cechujących literaturę nowoczesną, których nie odnajdujemy w tych zapisach: dekontekstualizacja (znaczenie zamiast zdarzenia), fikcjonalizacja (reprezenatacja zamiast doświadczenia), tekstualizacja (tekst zamiast praktyki), rematerializacja (książka zamiast zeszytu czy notesu), remediacja (druk zamiast rękopisu).
Generation is a Verb
Authors: Winkelman A.M.
Published: February 2025

It seems that the difference between generations is usually discussed
from the positions of extremes: the elders say that they do not understand
the younger, and the younger ones say that they do not understand the
elders. Now I am somewhere in the middle and therefore I would like to tell
about my experience of understanding the topic of generations. On the one
hand, this text is almost philosophical, because generation is a key
historical category. On the other hand, I tried to show the fundamental
nature of this category through a personal story in which all generations –
from Thales to my first students – are inextricably linked. Generation is
not a frozen concept, not a given, but an action and an effort, generation
is a verb.
Eugenic Aspect of the Policy of “Healing” the Nation in Hitler's
Germany: Theory and Practice
Authors: Palamarchuk E.A.
Published: February 2025

The article attempts a comprehensive analysis of the essential aspects
of the eugenic project, the implementation of which was undertaken by the
Hitler regime. Back in the pre-Nazi period, a theoretical basis was laid in
Germany, based on which the leaders of the Third Reich began to put into
practice the ideas of negative eugenics. The main directions of racial
policy, which had a clearly marked eugenic character, were the “solution”
and then the “final solution” of the “Jewish question”, the extermination of
the “non-Aryan” population of the territories occupied during World War II
and Soviet prisoners of war, forced sterilization and “euthanasia” of the
German population considered as a “social ballast”, the activities of the
union “Lebensborn” for the breeding of the “perfect” race. With
Germany's defeat in the war, the regime's eugenic policy,
which bore clear signs of genocide, designed to integrate Germans into a
racially homogeneous “people's community” and, at the same time,
play the role of a perversely interpreted existential factor, failed without
bringing the expected results.
Problems and Prospects of Implementation of the 4-P Concept in the
Healthcare System of the Russian Federation
Authors: Semina E.A.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the role of the 4-P concept in the modern
healthcare system of the Russian Federation. The main problems and prospects
of the implementation of this concept in the Russian healthcare system are
identified and analyzed. The regulatory and legal aspects of the integration
of the 4-P concept into the Russian public health system are analyzed. The
role of the state as the main beneficiary in this process is indicated. The
highlighted problems and prospects for the implementation of the concept
were comprehended within the framework of the empirical research conducted
by the author.
Resenha do livro Pesquisas Teóricas em Análise do Comportamento
Authors: Branco Paulo Coelho Castelo
Published: February 2025

O livro Pesquisas Teóricas em Análise do Comportamento apresenta um conjunto de proposições e orientações metodológicas para planejar e conduzir pesquisas conceituais, filosóficas, interpretativas, históricas, bibliográficas e ensaísticas. Apresenta, também, sugestões para a escrita acadêmica e o tratamento lógico na condução de argumentos, definições e falácias em pesquisas teóricas. Após a apresentação do livro, o resenhista aponta implicações para pesquisar os diálogos entre Burrhus Frederic Skinner e Carl Rogers.
Rzeczywistość to metafora – próba kognitywnej analizy metafor w felietonach Jerzego Urbana
Authors: Paroń Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

In this article, an attempt is made to analyse metaphors which appeared in Jerzy Urban’s columns, which were published in a weekly magazine entitled “No”. The present author applied Lakoff and Johnson’s (1980) cognitive theory and used their division of metaphors into three types: orientational, ontological and structural. The observer’s metaphors which are used for construal of reality can present the existing reality. The author examined standard patterns of orientational metaphors: MORE IS HIGHER, FUTURE IS FORWARD, and the ontological metaphor: A CONTAINER. As regards structural metaphors, she referred to the use of source domains: THEATRE, ACTOR, WAR, CHIEF, GAME, SPORT, ANIMAL, DISEASE. In the columns, which present the writer’s subjective outlook, metaphors create the reality reflecting the observer’s opinions and ways of conceiving of the world. They perform a cognitive and persuasive function at the same time. The reader subconsciously starts to behave according to the mechanism of the cognitive theory.
„Judenfrage”. Retoryczny obraz propagandy antysemickiej w III Rzeszy (na przykładzie publicznych wypowiedzi Adolfa Hitlera i innych polityków NSDAP w latach 1933–1945)
Authors: Grzegorzewski Krzysztof
Published: February 2025

This article is a rhetorical analysis of speeches by the NSDAP politicians, dedicated to German anti-Semitic politics in the Third Reich. The purpose of this article is to characterise the rhetoric of anti-Semitic propaganda and answer the question what the influence of this rhetoric on the German society was. The most interesting question is the way of justifying this criminal politics by the Nazis. The present author bases his research on the original German speeches by the most known NSDAP politicians, transmitted in a German radio station, Der Grossdeutsche Rundfunk.
Zapisać się dobrze w pamięci — listy Anny Mostowskiej do Józefa Zawadzkiego
Authors: Urbańska Monika
Published: February 2025

Anna Mostowska‘s literary works was unjustly depreciated. In Mostowska`s texts, we can find all genuine problems of the Enlightment, philosophical and existential considerations.
Mostowska‘s ambition was to be membered. That`s why she improved her style, published with the most prominent editor, Joseph Zawadzki, and demanded careful proofreading from the publisher.
She was an advocate of women‘s rights. She fought for women‘s status in social and literary (equal to men‘s). She earned her living by writing although her work wasn‘t popular with the nobility. Letters to Zawadzki testify her uncommon personality. We will discuss this problem in the study.
Między fantastyką i aluzją. SOCIAL FICTION jako kryptopolityczny nurt polskiej literatury lat siedemdziesiątych i osiemdziesiątych XX wieku
Authors: Mazurkiewicz Adam
Published: February 2025

This article focuses on Polish science fiction of the 70's and 80's in the 20th century. It seeks to present the way the writers used artistic strategies for creating the parable of the Polish political reality. The analyses of the vision of the presented world refer to the works by Janusz A. Zajdel, Wiktor Żwikiewicz, Marek Oramus and Edmund Wnuk-Lipiński.
Interactive Effects of the Temperature and Salinity on Germination of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Authors: Ozkan Ugur
Published: February 2025

Background: Temperature and salinity are crucial environmental factors that significantly affect seed germination. The current study aimed to determine optimal temperature (18oC, 25oC and 32oC) and seed germination traits of alfalfa genotypes (genotype 3, genotype 9, genotype 16) and CUF-101 (control variety) for comparison purposes at different salinity levels. Methods: Germination energy (GE), germination percentage (GP), germination index (GI), mean germination days (MGD), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), seedling vigour (SV) were analyzed using JMP v17.0. Result: The seeds of CUF-101 were greater for all germination traits than those of the other alfalfa genotypes, excluding MGD. The results showed that the highest germination traits were achieved at 25oC (T25) for all treatments, which was determined to be the optimal temperature. All germination traits of both CUF-101 and alfalfa genotypes decreased drastically due to the interactive effects of the highest temperature and increasing salt levels. Genotype 16 was found to be the alfalfa genotype closest to CUF-101, while genotype 9 was indicated the least similar genotype to CUF-101.
Genetic variation and phylogenetic analysis of the genus Puntius (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) and related species
Authors: Choudhury Sandip , Kashyap Briyanka
Published: February 2025

Fishes of the genus Puntius under the family Cyprinidae and related species is a complex group in terms of taxonomy
and evolutionary relationships. The genus has been revised multiple times yet the taxonomic status of many of these species is
still obscure. The use of molecular markers provided new insights and a more accurate resolution of puntid systematics. In this
study, mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequence variation and phylogenetic analysis were conducted for twenty-nine barbin fishes
under the genus Puntius and relatives (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidiae). The sequences were investigated to estimate nucleotide
composition, nucleotide diversity, transition-transversion bias, genetic distance and phylogenetic relationship. From the sequence
analysis, it was found that the average (A+T) content was more than the average (G+C) content. The nucleotide diversity (Pi),
the transition-transversion bias (R) and the mean genetic distance were found to be 0.06897, 2.46 and 0.055 respectively. From
the maximum likelihood and neighbour joining analysis, four major clusters/groups were recovered – the Pethia, the Puntius,
the Systomus and the Dawkinsia. The findings of the present study support the division of the genus Puntiusinto distinct lineages
recognizable as genera and the reassignment of certain puntid species to other genera. The present study also resolved the status
of some of the puntid species which was not reported in earlier studies. The findings are crucial for taxonomy, understanding
evolutionary relationships and conservation of these species.
Exploring the impact of fish effluents as organic fertilisers on the growth and yield of soil-grown bok choy and turnip
Authors: Fruscella Lorenzo , Kotzen Benz
Published: February 2025

Whilst livestock manure is allowed and indeed encouraged as a fertiliser in organic arable crop production in Europe,
the use of effluents from aquaculture farms is not permitted under the current European regulatory framework, Council
Regulation (EU) 2018/848. In this study, the effects of two types of fish effluents – fish water and fish sludge – from an aquaponic
system were tested on the yields of bok choy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) and turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) grown in
certified subsoil and compared with the use of composted horse manure as fertiliser. The results for both crops demonstrate a
good performance of fish effluents, and especially fish sludge, compared with livestock manure, and this puts into question the
continued prohibition of the use of fish effluents in organic agriculture in the European Union. This research provides critical
insights into the viability of fish effluents as sustainable fertilisers in organic crop production. The findings advocate for a
reconsideration of the current regulatory framework, promoting the integration of aquaponics in organic farming systems, which
could enhance resource efficiency and reduce environmental impacts.
Predicting Online Learners’ Performance Through Ontologies: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Albo Abdullah Safa Ridha , Al-Azawei Ahmed
Published: February 2025

This systematic review sheds light on the role of ontologies in predicting achievement among online learners, in order to promote their academic success. In particular, it looks at the available literature on predicting online learners’ performance through ontological machine-learning techniques and, using a systematic approach, identifies the existing methodologies and tools used to forecast students’ performance. In addition, the environment for generating ontologies, as considered by academics in the field, is likewise identified. Based on the inclusion criteria and by adopting PRISMA as a research methodology, seven studies and two systematic reviews were selected. The findings reveal a scarcity of research devoted to ontologies in the prediction of learners’ achievement. However, the research outcomes suggest that building an ontological model to harness machine-learning capabilities could help accurately predict students’ academic performance. The results of this systematic review are useful for higher education institutes and curriculum planners. This is especially pertinent in online learning settings to avoid dropout or failure. Also highlighted in this study are numerous possible directions for future research.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI POKDARWIS MELALUI PELATIHAN WISATA (STUDI KASUS: SELO AJI CAMP DAN WATERPARK)
Authors: Rasidi Ahmad Haris , Pratama Andhika Surya , Mukarromah Dilayatul , Fahrani Dinda Inggar , Nugraheni Dita Fauziah , Maulidyanu Firdaus Putra , Handayani Nurika , Sitio Raffly Pandapotan , Bagaskara Septian Tri Cahyo , Pratama Yoga Surya , Anggara Yudistira Dwi , Darusalam Zulfan Riski , Prastowo Sigit
Published: February 2025

Indonesia, with its rich cultural diversity, has a significant tourism sector that needs to be managed optimally to attract both local and international tourists. Village-based tourism development, such as Selo Aji Camp dan Waterpark in Kaligondo Village, Banyuwangi, East Java, is increasingly popular due to its focus on cultural and environmental interaction. A community service program by KKN UMD 313 from the University of Jember aimed to enhance the digital marketing skills of the local tourism awareness group (Pokdarwis) to improve the promotion and management of Selo Aji Camp dan Waterpark. The program included collaboration with the village's BUMDes, in-depth interviews, and digital marketing strategy training. This program was held in Selo Aji Camp and Waterpark Auditorium, Selorejo hamlet. The program showed up on Tuesday, July 30, 2024. The method used in the training program was a discussion each audience or focus group discussion (FGD). The training was successful, with participants showing great interest and beginning to apply their new skills, particularly in social media management to increase the waterpark's visibility. The program also strengthened social networks among stakeholders and was expected to increase visitor numbers and improve the welfare of the Kaligondo community
Dental caries and body mass index in Mosul City schoolchildren
Authors: Yaseen Hadeel Abdullah , Gasgoos Saher Sami
Published: February 2025

Background: There is a potential correlation between tooth loss and dental caries in both obese and underweight patients. The presence of extensive dental caries can delay the process of eating, leading to a subsequent decrease in body weight. Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between dental caries and body mass index (BMI) in schoolchildren residing in Mosul City. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on a randomized sample of 7- to 10-year-old school students. The study assessed the clinical characteristics, namely the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT/dmft) index. The DMFT index represents the number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth in the permanent dentition, while the dmft index pertains to deciduous dentition. After adjusting for age, gender, height, and weight, BMI-age percentiles were determined using the BMI Percentile Calculator for Children and Teens. Children were then categorized as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese. In the statistical analysis, the Kruskal–Wallis test was employed to examine variations between categorical variables. Results: The prevalence of dental caries in primary dentition was found to be 80.33%, whereas in permanent dentition, it was 50.33%. The majority of children affected by caries were in the obesity and overweight categories, followed by those with normal weight, while the lowest proportion was observed among underweight children. Conclusion: The findings indicate variations in the occurrence of dental caries across different subgroups of children based on their BMI-age percentiles.
The epigenetic mechanisms involved in the treatment resistance of glioblastoma
Authors: Shahani Aanya , Slika Hasan , Elbeltagy Ahmad , Lee Alexandra , Peters Christopher , Dotson Toriyn , Raj Divyaansh , Tyler Betty
Published: February 2025

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive malignant brain tumor with almost inevitable recurrence despite multimodal management with surgical resection and radio-chemotherapy. While several genetic, proteomic, cellular, and anatomic factors interplay to drive recurrence and promote treatment resistance, the epigenetic component remains among the most versatile and heterogeneous of these factors. Herein, the epigenetic landscape of GBM refers to a myriad of modifications and processes that can alter gene expression without altering the genetic code of cancer cells. These processes encompass DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA molecules, all of which have been found to be implicated in augmenting the tumor’s aggressive behavior and driving its resistance to therapeutics. This review aims to delve into the underlying interactions that mediate this role for each of these epigenetic components. Further, it discusses the two-way relationship between epigenetic modifications and tumor heterogeneity and plasticity, which are crucial to effectively treat GBM. Finally, we build on the previous characterization of epigenetic modifications and interactions to explore specific targets that have been investigated for the development of promising therapeutic agents.
Fabry disease in women: beyond the role of “carriers”
Authors: Barba-Romero Miguel-Ángel , Sánchez-Martínez Rosario
Published: February 2025

Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disease resulting from a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A, caused by mutations in the GLA gene. This leads to the accumulation of glycosphingolipids, mainly globotriaosylceramide and its deacylated derivate globotriaosylsphingosine. Such non-metabolized substrates accumulate in cells and tissues throughout the body, resulting in significant morbidity, predominately in the kidneys, heart, and nervous system, and impaired quality of life. While FD was initially considered to predominantly affect men, women with this condition may manifest a wide array of clinical symptoms and, in some cases, a significant multi-systemic pathology similar to men. This has been mainly attributed to skewed X-chromosome inactivation, which causes different enzyme activity levels within tissues and organs. The diagnosis of FD in women is often delayed due to the initial non-specificity of presenting symptoms and the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations. The enzyme activities in the leukocytes of a significant number of women with this condition fall within the normal range. Therefore, genetic analysis for mutations in GLA has become the gold standard for the diagnosis of FD in women. Unlike men, the current criteria proposed to start specific treatment for women with this condition can underestimate the appropriate time to do so and impede women from obtaining the benefits of early initiation. In addition, there is some evidence that women with FD are still at risk of being undertreated, unlike male patients.

Highlights

Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease

Similar to men, women may manifest a wide array of clinical symptoms

In some cases, organ damage is as severe as that observed in men

Skewed lyonization of the X-chromosome may cause this clinical heterogeneity

Genetic analysis for GLA mutations is necessary for diagnosis in women

Current guidelines indicate that women may be at risk of undertreatment

Follow-up and treatment criteria for women may require revision
The adoption of e-health tools for digital mental health services in a South African higher education institution
Authors: Musakuro Rhodrick Nyasha
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to investigate factors influencing the intention to adopt e-health tools for accessing digital mental health services among university staff at a selected South African higher education institution. A quantitative case study was conducted at a single university in Cape Town, South Africa. Data was collected from 348 respondents using online questionnaires and analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression. The results revealed that stable internet access at home did not significantly influence the intention to adopt e-health tools (p =0.698, ? = -0.020), but concerns about internet costs were a barrier (p = 0.011, ? = 0.131). University staff who used multiple devices (p = 0.014, ? = 0.136) and preferred e-health tools over traditional face-to-face services were more likely to adopt them (p < 0.001, ? = 0.319). Moreover, social media usage (p < 0.766, ? = 0.016), searching for digital mental health services (p <0.107, ? = 0.085), and awareness of free university services (p < 0.307, ? = -0.058), DMHS providers (p < 0.529, ? = 0.038), and fourth industrial revolution technologies (p < 0.106, ? = -0.091) did not significantly influence adoption intentions. The study contributes to sustainable digital mental health support for university staff in South Africa. The results could potentially be applicable to similar contexts globally. Thus, helping to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 3 of the United Nations of ensuring good health and wellbeing.
A sociological investigation into the factors influencing women's political participation in South Africa: a qualitative approach
Authors: Sokani Andile , Thwala Sinelisiwe , Matseke Motlagabo
Published: February 2025

This study examined the determinants affecting women's empowerment in political involvement within the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM) in the Eastern Cape Province.  A qualitative inductive technique was utilised to obtain insights from female ward and proportional representation councillors, involving 10 key informant interviews to examine their experiences in local governance.  The research was based on feminist theories that underscore the necessity for social equality and the deconstruction of patriarchal frameworks within political situations.  The results indicated that social support, knowledge, and accessible forums for women to articulate their perspectives were crucial in enabling women's active participation in local politics.  The study emphasised the significance of executing existing policies and cultivating personal drive as essential factors for increasing women's political participation.  The results highlighted the importance of establishing a supportive atmosphere that prioritises women for political roles and the need for chances for them to express their views.  The research demonstrated that women's political drive and legacy are crucial in encouraging future generations of female leaders.  This study offers a thorough analysis of the elements that can enhance women's empowerment in municipal politics, hence fostering greater female representation and involvement in decision-making processes.
Advanced material innovations for self-healing high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Yelwa Jibrin Muhammad , Drammeh Alhagie , Musa Haruna , Fasanya Opeoluwa O. , Kalu Kalu M. , Abdullahi Shuaibu , Fall Gueny Amirou , Aliyu Bashir M.
Published: February 2025

Self-healing high-performance supercapacitors represent the state-of-the-art in energy storage development, which combines long-term durability and efficiency with the self-repair functionality after mechanical or other damages. In this review, a discussion about the very basis of supercapacitor technology is presented by studying the mechanisms and materials used for making supercapacitors self-healable, among other things, based on redox-active materials. This review further examines the performance analysis, applications, challenges, and prospects of self-healing supercapacitors used in consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. While these supercapacitors may be very promising for extending device lifetimes and reducing maintenance costs, challenges remain for matching the efficiency of self-healing with electrochemical performance, scalability, economic viability, and environmental sustainability. Some of the identified future research directions entail the inclusion of cost-effectiveness in materials, their integration with multifunctional and hybrid systems, and the use of advanced technologies such as machine learning to accelerate material discovery. In overcoming these challenges, self-healing supercapacitors could inspire new frontiers of energy storage applications by achieving sustainability and resiliency in next-generation technologies.
Is the desire to help people the main motivation for entering a medical profession? A cross-cultural, phenomenological study
Authors: De Jong Cornelis A. J. , Wang Lisa , van Rijn Leendert C. , Iskandar Shelly , Jokūbonis Darius , van der Laan Maarten J.
Published: February 2025

Discrepancies between motivation and the realities of becoming a physician can lead to burnout and thus physician shortages. Personal motivation appears to be a predictor of success, but modern medical education does not sufficiently emphasize it. This study aims to better understand individual motivation for becoming a physician. Residents and interns in psychiatry were asked about their reasons for choosing to become physicians. Twelve individuals with different medical backgrounds categorized these reasons through a card-sorting task. Through co-occurrence analysis, categories were identified and named by consensus. Among the 86 participants, 270 reasons were cited. Nine categories were identified, listed in the order of frequency: helping people, interest in the human body, job/financial security, work context, initiated by family/parents, interesting/challenging/practical, respected profession, long-held dream, and problem-solving/finding answers. Interest in the human body was significantly greater among younger participants, while motivation to help people increased significantly with age. In Lithuania and Indonesia, helping people was the primary motivation for becoming a doctor, whereas in the Netherlands, interest in the human body was the most frequently mentioned reason. The Netherlands also mentioned interest in the human body and the interesting/challenging/practical category significantly more often. Examining motivation for becoming a physician provides insight into differences in motivational profiles. These profiles can be compared to physicians’ daily practice across medical disciplines. Such reflection can help identify potential incompatibility between initial motivation and the demands of specific medical disciplines. This may help reverse the trend of declining vitality of the medical profession.
A case study of the sea/land breeze diurnal cycle in the Peninsula and Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica: Interactions with local and regional processes
Authors: Mora Natali , Amador Jorge A. , Rivera Erick R. , Maldonado Tito
Published: February 2025

The presence of sea breeze (SB) is analyzed at nine meteorological stations in the northwest of Costa Rica (Peninsula and Gulf of Nicoya, GF); two from the Ticosonde-NAME experiment, University of Costa Rica, and seven from the National Meteorological Institute, for the period from July 1 to September 16, 2004. An objective detection algorithm for SB is applied to hourly data from the stations and sea surface temperature (SST). The algorithm uses temperature gradient and wind direction. Pinilla and Guacalillo stations show 64% of SB on the 78 days analyzed. Liberia (20 km inland) presents 44.9% of SB associated with weak synoptic winds from the east. Puntarenas presents doubtful cases due to wind errors, while the other stations do not present complete records. Some of the non-SB days are dominated, on one hand, by strong synoptic flow from the northeast associated with the low-level Caribbean jet that in turn coincides with the periods of reduced rainfall or mid-summer drought and, on the other hand, by synoptic flow from the southwest associated with the passage of weather systems in the western Caribbean. The algorithm shows a good ability to detect SB despite the poor spatial resolution of SST. Consistent with a typical SB circulation, precipitation at almost all stations is characterized by coastal convective activity and precipitation in the late afternoon and evening hours. The results are encouraging for their potential application to artisanal fishing, agriculture, tourism, and regional air quality, as there are very active ports in the Gulf of Nicoya (Puntarenas and Caldera), points of intense movement of tourist and commercial ships that negatively impact environmental conditions.