bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning in Resource-Scarce Embedded Systems, FPGAs, and End-Devices: A Survey
Authors: Branco Sérgio , Ferreira André G. , Cabral Jorge
Published: November 2019

The number of devices connected to the Internet is increasing, exchanging large amounts of data, and turning the Internet into the 21st-century silk road for data. This road has taken machine learning to new areas of applications. However, machine learning models are not yet seen as complex systems that must run in powerful computers (i.e., Cloud). As technology, techniques, and algorithms advance, these models are implemented into more computational constrained devices. The following paper presents a study about the optimizations, algorithms, and platforms used to implement such models into the network’s end, where highly resource-scarce microcontroller units (MCUs) are found. The paper aims to provide guidelines, taxonomies, concepts, and future directions to help decentralize the network’s intelligence.
Effectiveness of the e-NurSus Children Intervention in the Training of Nursing Students
Authors: Álvarez-García Cristina , Álvarez-Nieto Carmen , Kelsey Janet , Carter Rachel , Sanz-Martos Sebastián , López-Medina Isabel M.
Published: November 2019

The paediatric population is the most vulnerable to exposure to environmental risk factors. Institutions of higher education have to equip nursing students with the attitudes, knowledge, and skills to respond to this using blended learning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of e-NurSus Children intervention on student nurses’ attitudes, knowledge, and skills. A quasi-experimental study of time series was designed using pre and post educational intervention evaluation in 2018. The participants were nursing students (N = 267) from Spain (n = 110) and the United Kingdom (n = 157). Three instruments were used: the Sustainability Attitudes in Nursing Survey, the Children’s Environmental Health Knowledge Questionnaire, and the Children’s Environmental Health Skills Questionnaire. The attitudes (15.81%), knowledge (39.02%), and skills (29.98%) of nursing students improved following the e-NurSus Children intervention. It is necessary to include topics on children’s environmental health in nurse education as students are aware of this issue but do not have the knowledge or skills required to manage problems or illness caused by the environment. The e-NurSus Children intervention is an effective tool to address this educational gap.
Maintenance of Type 2 Response by CXCR6-Deficient ILC2 in Papain-Induced Lung Inflammation
Authors: Meunier Sylvain , Chea Sylvestre , Garrido Damien , Perchet Thibaut , Petit Maxime , Cumano Ana , Golub Rachel
Published: November 2019

Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are important players of early immune defenses in situations like lymphoid organogenesis or in case of immune response to inflammation, infection and cancer. Th1 and Th2 antagonism is crucial for the regulation of immune responses, however mechanisms are still unclear for ILC functions. ILC2 and NK cells were reported to be both involved in allergic airway diseases and were shown to be able to interplay in the regulation of the immune response. CXCR6 is a common chemokine receptor expressed by all ILC, and its deficiency affects ILC2 and ILC1/NK cell numbers and functions in lungs in both steady-state and inflammatory conditions. We determined that the absence of a specific ILC2 KLRG1+ST2− subset in CXCR6-deficient mice is probably dependent on CXCR6 for its recruitment to the lung under inflammation. We show that despite their decreased numbers, lung CXCR6-deficient ILC2 are even more activated cells producing large amount of type 2 cytokines that could drive eosinophilia. This is strongly associated to the decrease of the lung Th1 response in CXCR6-deficient mice.
Pluripotent Cell Models for Gonadal Research
Authors: Rodríguez Gutiérrez Daniel , Biason-Lauber Anna
Published: November 2019

Sex development is a complex process involving many genes and hormones. Defects in this process lead to Differences of Sex Development (DSD), a group of heterogeneous conditions not as rare as previously thought. Part of the obstacles in proper management of these patients is due to an incomplete understanding of the genetics programs and molecular pathways involved in sex development and DSD. Several challenges delay progress and the lack of a proper model system for the single patient severely hinders advances in understanding these diseases. The revolutionary techniques of cellular reprogramming and guided in vitro differentiation allow us now to exploit the versatility of induced pluripotent stem cells to create alternatives models for DSD, ideally on a patient-specific personalized basis.
Independent and Combined Effects of Telomere Shortening and mtDNA4977 Deletion on Long-term Outcomes of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Vecoli Cecilia , Borghini Andrea , Pulignani Silvia , Mercuri Antonella , Turchi Stefano , Picano Eugenio , Andreassi Maria Grazia
Published: November 2019

Aging is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease, resulting in a progressive organ and cell decline. This study evaluated a possible joint impact of two emerging hallmarks of aging, leucocyte telomere length (LTL) and common mitochondrial DNA deletion (mtDNA4977), on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and all-cause mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We studied 770 patients (673 males, 64.8 ± 8.3 years) with known or suspected stable CAD. LTL and mtDNA4977 deletion were assessed in peripheral blood using qRT-PCR. During a median follow-up of 5.4 ± 1.2 years, MACEs were 140 while 86 deaths were recorded. After adjustments for confounding risk factors, short LTLs and high mtDNA4977 deletion levels acted independently as predictors of MACEs (HR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2–3.9, p = 0.01 and HR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.9, p = 0.04; respectively) and all-cause mortality events (HR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1–4.6, p = 0.04 and HR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1–4.9, p = 0.02; respectively). Patients with both short LTLs and high mtDNA4977 deletion levels had an increased risk for MACEs (HR: 4.3; 95% CI: 1.9–9.6; p = 0.0006) and all-cause mortality (HR: 6.0; 95% CI: 2.0–18.4; p = 0.001). The addition of mtDNA4977 deletion to a clinical reference model was associated with a significant net reclassification improvement (NRI = 0.18, p = 0.01). Short LTL and high mtDNA4977 deletion showed independent and joint predictive value on adverse cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in patients with CAD. These findings strongly support the importance of evaluating biomarkers of physiological/biological age, which can predict disease risk and mortality more accurately than chronological age.
Risk of Cancers in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis: Results from the Korea National Health Insurance Claims Database 2010–2018
Authors: Ahn Sung Soo , Han Minkyung , Yoo Juyoung , Jung Seung Min , Song Jason Jungsik , Park Yong-Beom , Jung Inkyung , Lee Sang-Won
Published: November 2019

The association between antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) and cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, we searched the Korea National Health Insurance Claims Database to obtain data for 2097 AAV patients, and evaluated the risk of cancers in AAV. The standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of overall and site-specific cancers were estimated in patients with AAV compared to the general population. The overall risk of cancer was significantly higher in patients with AAV (SIR 1.90); this remained true in both males (SIR 1.74) and females (SIR 2.06). For site-specific cancers, the risks of lung (SIR 2.23) and hematological (SIR 11.39) cancers were higher in AAV patients. For males, the risks of gallbladder and hematological cancers were increased, while the risks of bladder and hematological cancers were increased in females. Among AAV subtypes, patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis had the highest risk of cancers, and cyclophosphamide, azathioprine/mizoribine, and methotrexate ever-users had increased risk of overall cancer. The risks of overall and hematological cancers were elevated in AAV patients younger than 60 years old. Patients with AAV have increased risks of overall, lung, and hematological cancers. Distinct patterns of cancer incidence are present according to age, sex, AAV subtypes, and immunosuppressant usage.
Surgery of Inverted Papilloma of the Maxillary Sinus via Translacrimal Approach—Long-Term Outcome and Literature Review
Authors: Hildenbrand Tanja , Weber Rainer , Mertens Janina , Stuck Boris A. , Hoch Stephan , Giotakis Evangelos
Published: November 2019

There are several differential diagnoses of unilateral sinus disease. One of these is inverted papilloma (IP) of the maxillary sinus, which is a common benign tumor with a substantial rate of malignant transformation. In general, endoscopic endonasal techniques for addressing the tumor are favored nowadays instead of classical external approaches. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the long-term outcome of inverted papilloma treated endoscopically via the prelacrimal approach. We reviewed 17 patients with primary or recurrent IP of the maxillary sinus that were treated via the prelacrimal endoscopic endonasal technique. After a median follow-up period of 45.9 months (3.8 years), none of the 17 included patients showed signs of recurrent disease and no serious complications were reported. Hypoesthesia of the incisors was reported by four patients and was resolved with time in one. All of the maxillary sinuses could be fully visualized with the flexible endoscope. IP is an important differential diagnosis in the clinical finding of unilateral nasal polypoid lesions. The prelacrimal approach is an effective and safe method in the treatment of IP with limited patient morbidity.
Ethics-Based Computer Science in Bilingual and Multicultural Schools
Authors: Dershowitz Adena
Published: November 2019

For decades, schools have adapted to a technologically-dependent world—developing courses, faculty positions and curricula to begin explicitly teaching with and about technology. Recognizing the need for deepening education in this area, the Lycée Français de New York, a bilingual and multicultural school, developed the digital learning department to lead the school’s thinking and practice around technology and computer science education. Over time, the department shifted its focus from first only the use of computer applications, to an emphasis on computer programming, to a more recent era which includes technology ethics as an equally important area of study. In serving a bilingual school, the Lycée’s digital learning team adapted teaching methods for a bilingual student body. The multiculturalism of the school presents the opportunity for fertile ethics discussions, since cultural values often impact values regarding technology use.
VXC-72R/ZrO2/GCE-Based Electrochemical Sensor for the High-Sensitivity Detection of Methyl Parathion
Authors: Liu Runqiang , Wang Yashuang , Li Bo , Liu Binbin , Ma Huina , Li Dongdong , Dong Li , Li Fang , Chen Xiling , Yin Xinming
Published: November 2019

In this work, a carbon black (VXC-72R)/zirconia (ZrO2) nanocomposite-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was designed, and a VXC-72R/ZrO2/GCE-based electrochemical sensor was successfully fabricated for the high-sensitivity detection of methyl parathion (MP). Electrochemical measurements showed that the VXC-72R/ZrO2/GCE-based electrochemical sensor could make full use of the respective advantages of the VXC-72R and ZrO2 nanoparticles to enhance the MP determination performance. The VXC-72R nanoparticles had high electrical conductivity and a large surface area, and the ZrO2 nanoparticles possessed a strong affinity to phosphorus groups, which could achieve good organophosphorus adsorption. On the basis of the synergistic effect generated from the interaction between the VXC-72R and ZrO2 nanoparticles, the VXC-72R/ZrO2/GCE-based electrochemical sensor could show excellent trace analysis determination performance. The low detection limit could reach up to 0.053 μM, and there was a linear concentration range of 1 μM to 100 μM. Such a high performance indicates that the VXC-72R/ZrO2/GCE-based electrochemical sensor has potential in numerous foreground applications.
Smooth Counterexamples to Frame Bundle Freeness
Authors: Adams Scot
Published: November 2019

We provide counterexamples to P. Olver’s freeness conjecture for C ∞ actions. In fact, we show that a counterexample exists for any connected real Lie group with noncompact center, as well as for the additive group of the integers.
Tuneable Magneto-Resistance by Severe Plastic Deformation
Authors: Wurster Stefan , Weissitsch Lukas , Stückler Martin , Knoll Peter , Krenn Heinz , Pippan Reinhard , Bachmaier Andrea
Published: November 2019

Bulk metallic samples were synthesized from different binary powder mixtures consisting of elemental Cu, Co, and Fe using severe plastic deformation. Small particles of the ferromagnetic phase originate in the conductive Cu phase, either by incomplete dissolution or by segregation phenomena during the deformation process. These small particles are known to give rise to granular giant magneto-resistance. Taking advantage of the simple production process, it is possible to perform a systematic study on the influence of processing parameters and material compositions on the magneto-resistance. Furthermore, it is feasible to tune the magneto-resistive behavior as a function of the specimens’ chemical composition. It was found that specimens of low ferromagnetic content show an almost isotropic drop in resistance in a magnetic field. With increasing ferromagnetic content, percolating ferromagnetic phases cause an anisotropy of the magneto-resistance. By changing the parameters of the high pressure torsion process, i.e., sample size, deformation temperature, and strain rate, it is possible to tailor the magnitude of giant magneto-resistance. A decrease in room temperature resistivity of ~3.5% was found for a bulk specimen containing an approximately equiatomic fraction of Co and Cu.
Experimental and Numerical Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-6Al-4V/Al-1060 Explosive Welding
Authors: Mahmood Yasir , Dai Kaida , Chen Pengwan , Zhou Qiang , Bhatti Ashfaq Ahmad , Arab Ali
Published: November 2019

The aim of this paper is to study the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Ti6Al4V/Al-1060 plate by explosive welding before and after heat treatment. The welded interface is smooth and straight without any jet trapping. The disturbances near the interface, circular and random pores of Al-1060, and beta phase grains of Ti6Al4V have been observed by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Heat treatment reduces pores significantly and generates a titanium-island-like morphology. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis results show that the maximum portion of the interfacial zone existed in the aluminium side, which is composed of three intermetallic phases: TiAl, TiAl2 and TiAl3. Heat treatment resulted in the enlargement of the interfacial zone and conversion of intermentallic phases. Tensile test, shear test, bending test and hardness test were performed to examine the mechanical properties including welding joint qualities. The results of mechanical tests show that the tensile strength and welding joint strength of the interfacial region are larger than one of its constituent material (Al-1060), the microhardness near the interface is maximum. Besides, tensile strength, shear strength and microhardness of heat treated samples are smaller than unheat treated. Smooth particle hydrodynamic (SPH) method is used to simulate the transient behaviour of both materials at the interface. Transient pressure, plastic deformation and temperature on the flyer and base side during the welding process were obtained and analyzed. Furthermore, the numerical simulation identified that almost straight bonding structure is formed on the interface, which is in agreement with experimental observation.
Magnetic Behavior of Carbon Materials Made from Biomass by Fe-Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization
Authors: Olivares Mara , Román Silvia , Ledesma Beatriz , Álvarez Alfredo
Published: November 2019

Biomass magnetic materials were synthesized by several hydrothermal carbonization methods, by which iron was provided in different ways: as FeCl3 prior to or during hydrothermal carbonization, as pure Fe particles, or as magnetic ferrofluid, followed or not by pyrolysis processes. The materials were thoughtfully characterized in terms of elemental composition, thermal degradation, porosity (N2 adsorption, SEM micrography), surface chemistry (FTIR spectroscopy, XRD diffraction), and magnetization curves on a self-made installation. The results indicated that the process design can significantly improve the structure and chemistry of the material, as well as the magnetization effect induced on the adsorbent. Fe as FeCl3 was more interesting in regards to the development of porosity, mainly creating micropores, although it did not provide magnetism to the material unless a further pyrolysis was applied. Thermal treatment at 600 °C did not only increase the BET-specific surface (SBET) (262 m2 g−1) of the hydrochar, but also involved the transformation of Fe into magnetite, providing magnetic behavior of the hydrochar. Increasing pyrolyisis temperature to 800 °C even enhanced a better development of porosity (SBET of 424 m2 g−1) and also increased the specific magnetic susceptibility of the hydrochar as a result of the further transition of Fe into wustite and hydroxi-ferrite.
Flavanol Glycoside Content of Grape Seeds and Skins of Vitis vinifera Varieties Grown in Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
Authors: Pérez-Navarro José , Cazals Guillaume , Enjalbal Christine , Izquierdo-Cañas Pedro Miguel , Gómez-Alonso Sergio , Saucier Cédric
Published: November 2019

Glycosylated flavanols (monoglycosides and diglycosides) in skin and seed extracts of Vitis vinifera grapes grown in Castilla-La Mancha (Spain) were investigated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QQQ-MS/MS). Six grape varieties (Airén, Tempranillo, the recently identified Albillo Dorado, Montonera del Casar, Moribel, and Tinto Fragoso) were studied over two consecutive years (2016 and 2017). A total of twenty monomeric flavanol monoglycosides, four diglycosylated monomers, and three dimeric flavanol monoglycosides were detected in all grape samples. The diversity observed in the composition of glycosylated flavanol in the grape berries suggests a strong influence of variety and grape tissue (skin or seed). Monomeric flavanol glycosides were more abundant in grape seed extracts, in contrast with monoglycosylated dimeric forms. In addition, the glycosylated flavanol content was related to berry color in grape skins, with higher concentrations measured in black grape varieties.
A Versatile Porous Silver-Coordinated Material for the Heterogeneous Catalysis of Chemical Conversion with Propargylic Alcohols and CO2
Authors: Yang Lu , Dou Yong , Zhou Zhen , Zhang Daopeng , Wang Suna
Published: November 2019

The efficient transformation of carbon dioxide into useful chemical feedstock is of great significance, attracting intense research interest. The widely studied porous-coordinated polymers possess large pores to adsorb guest molecules and further allow the contact and to transfer the substrate molecule within their microenvironment. Here we present the synthesis of a silver-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) material with a three-dimensional structure by incorporating a tetraphenyl-ethylene moiety as the four-point connected node via the solvothermal method. This polymer exhibits as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the carboxylative cyclization of CO2 to α-methylene cyclic carbonates in excellent yields. Moreover, the introduction of silver (Ag (I)) chains in this framework shows the specific alkynophilicity to activate C≡C bonds in propargylic alcohols to greatly accelerate the efficient conversion, and the large pores in the catalyst exhibit a size-selective catalytic performance.
Relevance of Leptin and Other Adipokines in Obesity-Associated Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Landecho Manuel F. , Tuero Carlota , Valentí Víctor , Bilbao Idoia , de la Higuera Magdalena , Frühbeck Gema
Published: November 2019

Obesity, which is a worldwide epidemic, confers increased risk for multiple serious conditions including type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases. Adipose tissue is considered one of the largest endocrine organs in the body as well as an active tissue for cellular reactions and metabolic homeostasis rather than an inert tissue only for energy storage. The functional pleiotropism of adipose tissue relies on its ability to synthesize and release a large number of hormones, cytokines, extracellular matrix proteins, and growth and vasoactive factors, which are collectively called adipokines known to influence a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. In the obese state, excessive visceral fat accumulation causes adipose tissue dysfunctionality that strongly contributes to the onset of obesity-related comorbidities. The mechanisms underlying adipose tissue dysfunction include adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia, increased inflammation, impaired extracellular matrix remodeling, and fibrosis together with an altered secretion of adipokines. This review describes the relevance of specific adipokines in the obesity-associated cardiovascular disease.
Extraction of Cellulose Nanofibers via Eco-friendly Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Treatment Followed by Mild Acid Hydrolysis and the Fabrication of Cellulose Nanopapers
Authors: Atiqah M. S. Nurul , Gopakumar Deepu A. , F. A. T. Owolabi , Pottathara Yasir Beeran , Rizal Samsul , Aprilia N. A. Sri , Hermawan D. , Paridah M. T. , Thomas Sabu , H. P. S. Abdul Khalil
Published: November 2019

The conventional isolation of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) process involves high energy input which leads to compromising the pulp fiber’s physical and chemical properties, in addition to the issue of elemental chlorine-based bleaching, which is associated with serious environmental issues. This study investigates the characteristic functional properties of CNFs extracted via total chlorine-free (TCF) bleached kenaf fiber followed by an eco-friendly supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) treatment process. The Fourier transmission infra-red FTIR spectra result gave remarkable effective delignification of the kenaf fiber as the treatment progressed. TEM images showed that the extracted CNFs have a diameter in the range of 10–15 nm and length of up to several micrometers, and thereby proved that the supercritical carbon dioxide pretreatment followed by mild acid hydrolysis is an efficient technique to extract CNFs from the plant biomass. XRD analysis revealed that crystallinity of the fiber was enhanced after each treatment and the obtained crystallinity index of the raw fiber, alkali treated fiber, bleached fiber, and cellulose nanofiber were 33.2%, 54.6%, 88.4%, and 92.8% respectively. SEM images showed that amorphous portions like hemicellulose and lignin were removed completely after the alkali and bleaching treatment, respectively. Moreover, we fabricated a series of cellulose nanopapers using the extracted CNFs suspension via a simple vacuum filtration technique. The fabricated cellulose nanopaper exhibited a good tensile strength of 75.7 MPa at 2.45% strain.
A Survey of Practical Design Considerations of Optical Imaging Stabilization Systems for Small Unmanned Aerial Systems
Authors: Dahlin Rodin Christopher , de Alcantara Andrade Fabio Augusto , Hovenburg Anthony Reinier , Johansen Tor Arne
Published: November 2019

Optical imaging systems are one of the most common sensors used for collecting data with small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS). Plenty of research exists which present custom-made optical imaging systems for specific missions. However, the research commonly leaves out the explanation of design parameters and considerations taken during the design of the optical imaging system, especially the image stabilization strategy used, which is a significant issue in sUAS imaging missions. This paper surveys useful methodologies for designing a stabilized optical imaging system by presenting an overview of the important aspects that must be addressed in the designing phase and which tools and techniques are available and should be chosen according to the design requirements.
Mitigation of CO2 and N2O Emission from Cabbage Fields in Korea by Optimizing Tillage Depth and N-Fertilizer Level: DNDC Model Simulation under RCP 8.5 Scenario
Authors: Hwang Wonjae , Park Minseok , Cho Kijong , Kim Jeong-Gyu , Hyun Seunghun
Published: November 2019

In this study, we applied the Denitrification and Decomposition model to predict the greenhouse gas (GHGs; CO2 and N2O) emissions and cabbage yields from 8072 cabbage fields in Korea in the 2020s and 2090s. Model outputs were evaluated as a function of tillage depth (T1, T2, and T3 for 10, 20, and 30 cm) and fertilizer level (F1, F2, and F3 for 100, 200, and 400 kg N ha−1) under the Representative Concentration Pathways 8.5 climate change scenario. For both time periods, CO2 emissions increased with tillage depth, and N2O emissions were predominantly influenced by the level of applied N-fertilizers. Both cabbage yields and GHGs fluxes were highest when the T3F3 farming practice was applied. Under current conventional farming practices (T1F3), cabbage yield was projected at 64.5 t ha−1 in the 2020s, which was close in magnitude to the predicted cabbage demand. In the 2090s, the predicted cabbage supply by the same practice far exceeded the projected demand at 28.9 t ha−1. Cabbage supply and demand were balanced and GHGs emissions reduced by 19.6% in the 2090s when 94% of the total cabbage farms adopted low carbon-farming practices (e.g., reducing fertilizer level). Our results demonstrate the large potential for Korean cabbage farms to significantly contribute towards the mitigation of GHGs emissions through the adoption of low-carbon farming practices. However, in order to incentivize the shift towards sustainable farming, we advise that lower yield and potential economic losses in farmlands from adopting low-carbon practices should be appropriately compensated by institutional policy.
Ammonia Volatilization Losses during Irrigation of Liquid Animal Manure
Authors: Chastain John P.
Published: November 2019

Ammonia loss resulting from land application of liquid animal manure varies depending on the composition of the manure and the method used to apply manure to cropland. High levels of ammonia volatilization result in an economic loss to the farmer based on the value of the nitrogen and have also been shown to be a source of air pollution. Using irrigation as a method of applying liquid manure to cropland has generally been accepted as a method that increases the volatilization of ammonia. However, only three studies available in the literature measured the amount of ammonia lost during the irrigation process. Only one of the three studies concluded that ammonia loss during irrigation was significant. A pooled statistical and uncertainty analysis of the 55 available observations was performed to determine if ammonia loss occurred during irrigation of animal manure. Data on the total solids content of the manure were also included as an indicator of evaporation losses. Volatilization losses during irrigation were not found to be statistically significant, and evaporation losses were small, 2.4%, and agreed with previous studies on irrigation performance. Furthermore, the range of ammonia loss reported in previous studies was determined to be within the errors associated with the measurement of total ammoniacal nitrogen concentrations and the calculation of per cent differences.
Streambed Flux Measurement Informed by Distributed Temperature Sensing Leads to a Significantly Different Characterization of Groundwater Discharge
Authors: Gilmore Troy E. , Johnson Mason , Korus Jesse , Mittelstet Aaron , Briggs Marty A. , Zlotnik Vitaly , Corcoran Sydney
Published: November 2019

Groundwater discharge though streambeds is often focused toward discrete zones, indicating that preliminary reconnaissance may be useful for capturing the full spectrum of groundwater discharge rates using point-scale quantitative methods. However, many direct-contact reconnaissance techniques can be time-consuming, and remote sensing (e.g., thermal infrared) typically does not penetrate the water column to locate submerged seepages. In this study, we tested whether dozens of groundwater discharge measurements made at “uninformed” (i.e., selected without knowledge on high-resolution temperature variations at the streambed) point locations along a reach would yield significantly different Darcy-based groundwater discharge rates when compared with “informed” measurements, focused at streambed thermal anomalies that were identified a priori using fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS). A non-parametric U-test showed a significant difference between median discharge rates for uninformed (0.05 m·day−1; n = 30) and informed (0.17 m·day−1; n = 20) measurement locations. Mean values followed a similar pattern (0.12 versus 0.27 m·day−1), and frequency distributions for uninformed and informed measurements were also significantly different based on a Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Results suggest that even using a quick “snapshot-in-time” field analysis of FO-DTS data can be useful in streambeds with groundwater discharge rates <0.2 m·day−1, a lower threshold than proposed in a previous study. Collectively, study results highlight that FO-DTS is a powerful technique for identifying higher-discharge zones in streambeds, but the pros and cons of informed and uninformed sampling depend in part on groundwater/surface water exchange study goals. For example, studies focused on measuring representative groundwater and solute fluxes may be biased if high-discharge locations are preferentially sampled. However, identification of high-discharge locations may complement more randomized sampling plans and lead to improvements in interpolating streambed fluxes and upscaling point measurements to the stream reach scale.
ТРАНСВАГИНАЛЬНАЯ АСПИРАЦИЯ ФОЛЛИКУЛОВ И СПОСОБНОСТЬ OPU-ООЦИТОВ КОРОВ К ЭМБРИОНАЛЬНОМУ РАЗВИТИЮ В УСЛОВИЯХ IN VITRO
Authors: SINGINA G.N. , HAVLICEK V. , TARADAYNIK N.P. , CHINAROV R.Y. , TARADAYNIK T.E. , SHEDOVA E.N.
Published: November 2019

Представлены результаты трансвагинальной аспирации ооцитов коров, а также оценен их потенциал к эмбриональному развитию после оплодотворения в условиях in vitro. Донорами яйцеклеток являлись половозрелые телки симментальской породы в возрасте 1619 мес. Животныедоноры (n7) перед проведением процедуры Ovum Pickup (OPU) были гормонально обработаны с целью стимуляции роста фолликулов. Количество выделенных ооцитов от индивидуальных доноров составило в среднем 7,7 ооциткумулюсных комплексов (ОКК), что соответствовало степени извлечения 54,57,7. Доля ОКК хорошего качества, рассчитанная от общего числа извлеченных ОКК, между отдельными животными существенно не различалась (значения варьировали от 60,0 до 75,0) и в среднем составила 67,21,9. ОКК с признаками нормальной морфологии подвергали in vitro процедурам созревания, оплодотворения и последующего культивирования до стадии бластоцисты. Доля раздробившихся ооцитов и выход бластоцист после in vitro осеменения яйцеклеток коров равнялась 75,7 и 24,3, соответственно. В целом от одного донора за сессию OPU было получено 1,3 эмбриона на стадии бластоцисты, содержащих в среднем 89,8 ядра. Оцененный способ экстракорпорального оплодотворения OPUооцитов коров позволяет получать эмбрионы, пригодные для замораживания и трансплантации реципиентам и может быть использован в программах по воспроизводству желаемых генотипов у крупного рогатого скота.

In the present work, we report the data on transvaginal aspiration of bovine ovarian follicles and estimation of in vitro embryo development competence of collected oocytes. The oocytes were collected by ovum pickup OPU from seven 1619 monthold Simmental heifers, previously hormonallytreated in order to stimulate ovarian follicular growth. In average, 7.7 oocytecumulus complexes (OCCs) per heifer per OPU session were collected that corresponded to 54.57.7 of recovery rate. Morphologically, 60.075.0 of OCCs were the good quality and this rate did not significantly differ between the animals. Good quality OCCs (total n37) were then subjected to in vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization and in vitro embryo development up to blastocyst stage. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were 75.7 и 24.3 , respectively. In total, 1.3 blastocysts were obtained per cow per OPU session in average these blastocysts contained 89.9 cells. In conclusion, we developed the methodology of in vitro fertilization of bovine OPUcollected oocytes that allowed obtaining the blastocysts potentially suitable for freezing and transplantation to recipients. This approach can be used to multiply desired genotypes in cattle reproduction.
РЕПРОДУКТИВНЫЙ СТАТУС КОРОВ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ И КОЛИЧЕСТВА ЛАКТАЦИЙ
Authors: AMINOVA A.L. , YUMAGUZIN I.F. , FENCHENKO N.G. , KHAIRULLINA N.I. , SHAMSUTDINOV D.H.
Published: November 2019

Изучили репродуктивные функции коров в зависимости от молочной продуктивности и количества лактаций путем регулярных гинекологических обследований, а так же причины и характер нарушений. Установлено, что нарушения воспроизводительной функции коров увеличиваются с ростом молочной продуктивности, максимально осложняясь у 43 коров 6 и более лактаций, а продолжительность сервиспериода достигает 145 дней при средних значениях индекса осеменения 3,2. У коров по 1 и 2 лактации частота репродуктивных осложнений составляет в среднем 21. Анализ материалов исследований по состоянию репродуктивной активности обследованных коров чернопестрой породы в условиях Республики Башкортостан показывает, что основной причиной снижения плодовитости является наличие гипофункции яичников, которая может составлять до 37,1, кист 15,2 в высокопродуктивных стадах и 34,5 персистентных желтых тел в низкопродуктивных. Применение комплекса биорегуляторов позволяет получать достаточно высокие показатели прихода коров в охоту от 74 до 91 животных от общего их числа. Наибольшие значения показателя плодотворного осеменения (до 75) были установлены у коров по 3 и 4 лактациям. Обследование выявило, что увеличение молочной продуктивности приводит к увеличению нарушений воспроизводительной функции. По нашим данным, в высокопродуктивных стадах диагностировано гинекологически больных коров в 2,1 раз больше, чем в низкопродуктивных.

Reproductive functions of cows depending on milk productivity and the number of lactation periods, as well as the reasons of reproductive impairments, were studied using regular gynecological examinations. It was found that reproductive function impairment in cows is increased with the growth of milk productivity with the complication reaching maximum in 43 of cows for 6 and more lactation, and the length of the service period amounts to 145 days with the average value of insemination index being equal to 3.2. During lactation periods up to 1 and 2 the average frequency of reproductive impairment in cows is 21. The analysis of research materials concerning reproductive activity of examined cows of blackandwhite breed in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan shows that the main reason of decrease in breeding performance lies in the presence of ovary hypofunction which can amount to 37.1, cysts 15.2 in highly productive herds, and 34.5 of persistent yellow bodies in those with low productivity. The use of bioregulator complexes allows achieving rather high values of cows coming in heat from 74 to 91 of animals from the total quantity. The highest values of successful insemination (up to 75) were registered in cows during lactation periods 3 and 4. Examination found that improvement of milk productivity leads to the increase in reproductive function impairment rate. According to our information, the number of cows with gynecological diseases in highly productive herds was higher than in those with low productivity by 2.1 times.
A Case Study in Watershed-Based Plan Development and Implementation for the May River Watershed in Bluffton, South Carolina
Authors: Jones Kimberly W. , Bullman Ronald
Published: November 2019

The Town of Bluffton, South Carolina was a one square mile coastal village until it experienced exponential growth in the early 2000s, and today is approximately 54 square miles. Until this recent growth, few sources of possible impairments to water quality were recognized within the watershed, and even fewer within close proximity to the river itself. In 2007, the Town was told by the S.C. Department of Health and Environmental Control (SCDHEC) that fecal coliform levels in the May River headwaters were increasing and in 2009 the river received a shellfish harvesting classification down-grade. In response to this down-grade, the Town of Bluffton, with Beaufort County and stakeholders, committed to take action to restore shellfish harvesting in the river and to prevent further degradation to the river. Following the U.S. EPA (EPA) guidelines for developing watershed plans, Town staff worked for nearly a year with consultants, Beaufort County, topic experts and local residents to develop the May River Watershed Action Plan which was adopted by Town Council in November 2011.
Long Bay Hypoxia Monitoring Consortium
Authors: Libes Susan , Trapp J. Michael , Kindelberger Scott , Doremus Danielle
Published: November 2019

In October 2011, the coastal municipalities of North Myrtle Beach, Myrtle Beach, Surfside, and Horry County signed a resolution, under the aegis of their Coastal Alliance of mayors, to develop and implement the Long Bay Hypoxia Monitoring Consortium. The goal of this consortium is to support monitoring and studies that further characterize hypoxia and its causes in Long Bay. The baseline data will enable assessments of water quality management efforts. Monitoring stations are to be maintained at three piers, Cherry Grove (NMB), Apache (Horry County), and Second Ave N. Pier (Myrtle Beach). Turbidity and chlorophyll sensors will be deployed at two piers and radon detectors at three piers. All piers will have weather stations. Data will be accessible via a real-time public website. Biological responses to low dissolved oxygen (DO) will be assessed via monitoring of larval recruitment and net plankton. The S.C. Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) is also conducting creel surveys at the piers. These efforts are being coordinated with a marine education outreach campaign that includes signage at the piers, presentations at pier events, and web-based content.
Groundwater Recharge Rates in Isolated and Riverine Wetlands: Influencing Factors
Authors: Williams Chenille , Tufford Dan
Published: November 2019

Isolated wetlands and riverine wetlands have been shown to have similar groundwater hydrology despite their difference in topography and surface water hydrology. The current study aimed to address the impact of topography and surface water hydrology on groundwater hydrologic behavior by comparing the groundwater recharge rates of several isolated and riverine wetlands in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina. Study sites contained an isolated wetland, a riverine wetland, and an upland that bisected the two wetland types. Shallow water tables and sandy soils, allowed a rapid response to precipitation to be clearly visible. Soil characteristics, water table fluctuations, and precipitation data from January 2012-September 2012 were evaluated and from that data mean recharge rates were calculated using an adapted version of the water table fluctuation method. During the study period, it was observed that the frequency of precipitation (storm events) and saturated zone soil type were more impactful on water table movement than topography, surface soil type, and surface water hydrology. One significant finding of this research is that the isolated wetlands in this study did, in fact, recharge groundwater, which implies that their presence increases the opportunity for groundwater replenishment.
PELUANG PENERAPAN BERBAGAI INOVASI TEKNOLOGI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI PERTANIAN DI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Suryani Ani
Published: November 2019

Saat ini inovasi teknologi pertanian memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam peningkatan produksi pertanian di Jawa Barat. Lahan yang semakin terbatas dan jumlah penduduk Jawa Barat yang semakin meningkat merupakan kenyataan yang penting untuk dicari jalan keluarnya. Inovasi teknologi adalah suatu cara mengatasi kesenjangan antara produksi dan permintaan hasil produksi. Kementerian Pertanian melalui Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian telah mengembangkan beberapa inovasi teknologi yang layak untuk diterapkan ditingkat pengguna/petani di Jawa Barat. Dalam penerapannya BPTP Jawa Barat mengenalkan beberapa inovasi teknologi produk Badan Litbang Pertanian kepada para pengguna teknologi di daerah diantaranya budidaya varietas kedelai tahan naungan tanaman tahunan, budidaya bawang merah ramah lingkungan, budidaya jagung dengan penggunaan biochar dan budidaya ternak ayam KUB. Pengenalan teknologi disampaikan melalui pelatihan teori, pertemuan kelompok, dan demplot kajian teknologi (kaji terap). Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi percepatan penyebaran adopsi adalah sifat atau karakter inovasinya itu sendiri. Tulisan ini bertujuan mereview karakteristik inovasi teknologi yang diujicobakan dan mengukur peluang adopsi inovasi teknologi tersebut. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa keempat inovasi teknologi dipersepsi positif oleh pelaksana kaji terap dan keempat teknologi mempunyai peluang yang tinggi untuk dikembangkan di Jawa Barat dengan nilai peluang adopsi masing adalah 75,25 persen inovasi budidaya bawang merah ramah lingkungan; 82,24% pengembangan biochar pada tanaman jagung; 81,07 pengembangan varietas kedelai tahan naungan dan 87,84% pengembangan ayam KUB.
The Paroxetine 352 Bipolar Study Revisited: Deconstruction of Corporate and Academic Misconduct
Authors: Amsterdam Jay , McHenry Leemon
Published: November 2019

Medical ghostwriting is the practice in which pharmaceutical companies engage an outside writer to draft a manuscript submitted for publication in the names of “honorary authors,” typically academic key opinion leaders. Using newly-posted documents from paroxetine litigation, we show how the use of ghostwriters and key opinion leaders contributed tothe publication of a medical journal article containing manipulated outcome data to favor the proprietary medication.The article was ghostwritten and managed by SmithKline Beecham, now GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and Scientific Therapeutics Information, Inc. without acknowledging their contribution in the published article. The named authors with financial ties to GSK had little or no direct involvement in the paroxetine 352 bipolar trial results and most had not reviewed any of the manuscript drafts. The manuscript was originally rejected by peer review; however, its ultimate acceptance to the American Journal of Psychiatrywas facilitated by the journal editor who also had financial ties to GSK. Thus, GSK was able to take an under-powered and non-informative trial with negative results and present it as a positive marketing vehicle for off-label promotion of paroxetine for bipolar depression. In addition to the commercial spin of paroxetine efficacy, important protocol-designated safety data were unreported that may have shown paroxetine to produce potentially harmful adverse events.
MALİ DEVALÜASYON UYGULAMASINDAKİ SORUNLAR ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: AKÇA Haşim , BOZATLI Oğuzhan
Published: November 2019

Mali devalüasyon, işveren sosyal güvenlik primlerindeki indirimin eşanlı olarak katma değer vergisi (KDV) oranındaki bir artışla telafi edildiği geleneksel olmayan bir maliye politikası uygulamasıdır. Mali devalüasyon kuramı oldukça zarif bir yapıya ve işleyiş mekanizmasına sahip olmasına rağmen bazı uygulamaya yönelik sorunları cevapsız bırakmaktadır. Zira kuramın önerdiği şekliye uygulanan mali devalüasyonun rekabetçi mali devalüasyona neden olup olmayacağı, kısa ve uzun dönemde nasıl etkiler yaratacağı ve bu etkilerin kalıcı veya geçiçi mi olacağı, uygulanacak ülkenin yapısal şartlarınının nasıl olması gerektiği ve son olarak uygulamadaki başarı için hangi koşullara dikkat edilmesi gerektiğine dair açık veya bütüncül bir cevap yoktur. Bu nedenle çalışmada bu sorular ve sorunların nasıl giderilmesi gerektiğine dair araştırma sonuçları sunalacaktır.
КУЛЬТУРОТВОРЧІ МОЖЛИВОСТІ ДЖАЗОВОГО МИСТЕЦТВА
Authors: Анохіна Тетяна , Просандєєва Людмила
Published: November 2019

Стаття розповідає про інтелектуальну здатність джазу, розкриває специфіку культуротворчого потенціалу джазової культури. Встановлює його культуротворчий потенціал шляхом розгляду теоретико-методлогічних засад, впливу відомих джазових виконавців, охарактеризувавши елементи впливу джазової індустрії на культуру в сучасному світі та розглядом можливостей використання потенціалу джазового мистецтва під час створення та проведенні джазових фестивалів.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВНІ НАПРЯМКИ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ КОНСОЛІДАЦІЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ ТА ДОКУМЕНТНИХ ДАНИХ
Authors: Лугова Тетяна , Раєва Вікторія , Безугла Світлана , Гребенюк Владислав
Published: November 2019

В статті аналізується історіографічний масив з питань консолідації інформації та документних даних підприємств та установ. На цій основі виявляються перспективні дослідження у цій галузі: термінологічний, управлінський, документознавчий, нормативний, технологічний, комунікативний, соціокультурний та галузевий. Зазначено, що консолідація інформації та документних даних є надскладною міждисциплінарною науково-практичною галуззю. Розширення поля використання технологій та методів консолідації інформації призводить до формування нових поглядів до об’єктів консолідації, насамперед, як до креативних продуктів, що вимагають тісної кооперації фахівців технічного та гуманітарного спрямування, поєднання набутого досвіду з побудови архітектури корпоративних баз даних, впровадження експертних систем, формування ідеології менеджменту знань, гейміфікації та неожурналістики.
ПРОБЛЕМИ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ У ПИТАННЯХ ПОВОДЖЕННЯ З ВІДХОДАМИ
Authors: Горожанкіна Юлія
Published: November 2019

У статті проаналізовано загальні положення та принципи законодавства Європейського Союзу та України у сфері поводження з побутовими відходами. Визначено поняття відходів, утилізації відходів та їх роль у вирішенні проблем світового масштабу.
Teka-Teki Logika untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Sanggar Kegiatan Belajar Balikpapan Timur
Authors: Pratama Ryan Angga , Musdolifah Ari
Published: November 2019

The success of mathematics learning is supported by the teacher's proficiency in carrying out teaching activities and awareness of students in participating in learning activities. Therefore, learning requires the ability of teachers to manage learning and / or their ability to manage classes. Teachers must have capable skills in the fields of strategy and learning models that vary. For this reason, it is necessary to have active, fun, creative learning, and be able to provide attraction so that students can express themselves in learning and experience no saturation, so students can understand the material well. In learning activities, one way that can be done by teachers to overcome these problems is to provide a learning that is able to optimize the logic of students' thinking in solving non-routine problems in school, namely Mathematical Logic Puzzle. Through the provision of challenge questions in the form of Mathematical Logic Puzzles, students gain knowledge and understanding of mathematical logic puzzles, gain new learning experiences, dare to express ideas and be able to answer various kinds of non-routine problems and problems of logic related to life everyday, and students are more motivated in learning mathematics.

Keywords: mathematical logic puzzles, mathematics learning