bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF FOOTBALL IN THE GREEK POST WAR SOCIETY THROUGH THE PRISM OF ANDREAS FRANGIAS’ NOVEL PEOPLE AND HOUSES
Authors: Kostić Pahnoglu Tamara , Cvetković Tanja
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to examine the role of football in the lives of the novel’s characters, in what way football is represented in Greek society in the early post war period, as well as to which extent this role is similar to the role of football in current society. It turned out that that role was extremely big, football was the only possibility for entertainment and relaxation, but also much more than that. Football matches were a place of gathering and strengthening of unity, an opportunity to belong to the community and to be accepted, but also a source of faith and hope for a better future and a place where the people could still win with the same zeal with which they looked at war victories. Nowadays, fan enthusiasm and belonging to a team are equally pronounced, but football now shares its social role from the post-war period with other sports that have become accessible to the public. The fact is, however, that no other sport has surpassed the love and passion for football.
GLUTEN-FREE DIET IN NON-CELIAC ATHLETES - BENEFITS AND POTENTIAL HARMFUL EFFECTS
Authors: Bjelaković Ljiljana , Bratić Milovan , Pantelić Saša , Ranđelović Nebojša , Lilić Ana , Piršl Danica
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to present the latest scientific data related to a gluten-free diet, the justification of the introduction of a diet, the advantages and disadvantages of this dietary approach in the population of athletes. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity, previously defined as gluten sensitivity, is a relatively new clinical entity first defined in 2011. This disorder is characterized by intestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation) and extra intestinal symptoms such as headache, chronic fatigue, impaired concentration or “brain fog”, numbness and muscle or bone pain are frequently reported. Since most of the symptoms are subjective without accompanying clinical signs, and since no specific biomarker for diagnostics exists in clinical practice, there is always a dilemma whether this is really a health problem. A gluten-free diet has become popular among athletes due to the opinion that it has ergogenic effects. It should also be borne in mind that the introduction of a gluten-free diet has its drawbacks. Several studies suggest that a gluten-free diet is deficient in whole grains, dietary fiber, micronutrients and minerals. The data collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study indicate the existence of higher concentrations of heavy metals in urine and blood samples taken from people following a gluten-free diet as a result of narrowed food choices. These data remind us to keep in mind the justification of the introduction of a gluten-free diet and the potential damage to health when observed adherence to this pattern of nutrition in the long run.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION: PRACTICE, CESSATION AND RESUMPTION IN UNTRAINED SAUDI COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Prieto-González Pablo , Sedlacek Jaromir
Published: March 2021

The aim of the present study was twofold: firstly, to verify whether two classes a week of Physical Education (PE) are sufficient to improve physical fitness in college students. Secondly, to ascertain the effect of PE practice, cessation and resumption on the mentioned students. Thirty (30) untrained Saudi college students attended PE lessons twice a week for nine weeks. Subsequently, they were inactive for nine weeks, and finally, they attended PE classes again another period of nine weeks. After the two nine-week periods of PE, the participants improved their strength, endurance, speed and agility. The period of inactivity implied the loss of all the adaptations attained during the first nine weeks of practice, except muscular endurance in the trunk flexor muscles. Two classes a week of PE during nine weeks improve physical fitness in untrained university students. These improvements almost entirely decay after nine weeks of inactivity, but can be recovered with another nine weeks of PE classes. Individuals who resume PE lessons after nine weeks of PE followed by a nine-week inactivity period, could attain higher improvements in specific physical capacities (muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurance, speed and agility).
DIALOGUE AND MONOLOGUE AS COMMUNICATIONAL AND CULTURAL PHENOMENA
Authors: Milenković Vesna
Published: March 2021

Observed as a communicational and cultural phenomenon produced by the media, the dialogue as a means of mediation gets a manipulative form. Contrary to genuine dialogue as a communication model that advocates tolerance, the postmodern media dialogue ranges from the concept of unity to an irreconcilable rivalry, from resolving problems to highlighting differences, and often becomes a monologized dialogue. The paper examines the significance of dialogue and monologue, starting from various aspects of dialogue, through the possibility of its survival from the point of view of communion or potential conflict, to the interaction as the illusion of a dialogue.
УЛОГА КОМУНИКАЦИЈЕ У ПОВЕЋАЊУ ЕФИКАСНОСТИ У РАДУ РЕПУБЛИЧКЕ АГЕНЦИЈЕ ЗА МИРНО РЕШАВАЊЕ РАДНИХ СПОРОВА
Authors: Lazović Ivica , Jelenković Predrag
Published: March 2021

In this paper we deal with the role and importance of communication in increasing the efficiency of the Republic Agency for the Peaceful Settlement of Labor Disputes. Although communication is ubiquitous,  it is often not accessed systematically and its role and place in the functioning of the organization is ignored. Based on the analysis and research in the paper, it is shown that through a systemic approach to communication in the work of one state body, there has been greater efficiency. Communication is analyzed in procedures and methods of peaceful settlement of labor disputes, arbitration and mediation, as well as with users of services of Agency, primarily the civil society. It also points to the basic indicators of the contribution of the improved communicator to the number of procedures and statistical parameters.
MODIFIED MULTI-CRITERIA METHODS FOR IMPROVING SERVICE QUALITY
Authors: PETROVIĆ JELENA S.
Published: March 2021

The development of the new and the modification of existing methods for improving the measurement of service quality is a basic prerequisite for the successful business of hotels, as well as their survival on the global market. The main objective of this paper is the modification of the ENTROPY and VIKOR methods, for the purpose of simplifying the measurement of service quality. In order to take account of the different guest expectations in hotels in cities, mountains and spas, the modification of the ENTROPY method has been performed with the aim of calculating the weight coefficients for each criterion within each alternative, i.e. calculating the weight coefficients for each dimension of service quality, separately for hotels in cities, hotels in mountains, and hotels in spas. Based on weight coefficients and the modified VIKOR method, the ranking of hotels has been carried out with regard to service quality. The modified multi-criteria methods provide adequate information to hotel managers on the extent to which the services provided in their hotel match the expectations of their guests, as well as on the service quality offered by the competitors.
MUSICAL TASTE AND SYMBOLIC BOUNDARY-WORK IN SERBIAN SOCIETY
Authors: Resanovic Milica
Published: March 2021

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the relationship between social stratification and musical taste in present-day Serbia. Following a discussion about Bourdieu’s conceptualization of taste and contemporary theoretical approaches that rehabilitate Bourdieusian heritage, the presence of homology between social positions and musical tastes is tested in Serbian society. On the basis of collected qualitative material via interview, the author examines whether music serves as a symbolic mean that is used by the interviewees to place themselves in certain social groups by drawing symbolic boundaries between them and other social groups that are associated with other musical tastes. The analysis showed that there are differences in musical tastes among respondents based on their position on the stratification scale, manifested in choices and ways of listening to music, as well as that mechanisms of classification are hidden in speech about musical tastes.
ANALYSING THE LINK BETWEEN CSR REPORTING AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE VARIABLES OF BELGRADE STOCK EXCHANGE COMPANIES
Authors: Mijoković Mirjana , Knežević Goranka , Mizdrakovic Vule
Published: March 2021

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting has been subject of various discussions of academicians and accounting practitioners. Although the importance of CRS reporting is not under question, the quality of disclosed non-financial information is still under review. In the light of the new Serbian Law on Accounting (Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia 73/2019) and EU Directive 2014/95 requirements regarding non-financial information, this article investigates the state of non-financial reporting development in Serbian companies in the pre-EU Directive period in order to give suggestions to policymakers how to establish and structure the implementation of the EU Directive and expected challenges on this path. The current state of development of non-financial activities is measured by using content analysis and by creating a non-financial reporting index, namely the CSR index for the Serbian companies listed at Belgrade Stock Exchange. CSR index has been corelated with accounting variables (size of the company, auditor type (non/Big 4), revenue and financial results) in order to get deeper understanding of its value drivers.  Serbian companies, listed as large, audited by Big 4 and with better financial performance variables, are companies with the higher value of the CSR index and have a higher quality of non -financial reporting. Big companies can serve as a benchmark for the rest of the companies in the economy, but also those companies will have fewer challenges in the EU non-financial Directive implementation in the post-Directive period. Therefore, Serbian policymakers should focus their attention and implementation procedures on the rest of the economy struggling with the non-financial reporting.
КУНОВЕ ИДЕЈЕ НАУЧНИХ РЕВОЛУЦИЈА И ОБЈЕКТИВНОСТ НАУКЕ
Authors: Tomašević Katarina , Andrić Sanela D , Milašinović Srđan M
Published: March 2021

Kun’s The structure of the scientific revolutions triggered the avalanche of criticism and represents the most conducive and most critical work of the sixties until the eighties of the twentieth century in which the problems of understanding scientific knowledge are discussed. The development of science was understood as a gradual process during which the stages of normal science and scientific revolutions are being shifted. Boldly, by introducing new concepts in the history of philosophy of science, he has received many opponents, but also many followers. In this paper, we tried to present Kun's understanding of the progress in the science and criticism of his greatest opponents, with a reference to the scientific revolutions in social sciences. We also tried to answer the question of whether the scientific revolutions have been depleted and what is happening with the objectivity of science.
DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES IN THE INDUSTRY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA DURING THE FIRST DECADE OF THE 21st CENTURY
Authors: Gligorijević Živorad , Ćorović Enes , Manasijević Aleksandar
Published: March 2021

The first decade of the 21st century in the Republic of Serbia is characterized by numerous changes of the economic nature. It was a period of accelerated reform based on the neoliberal concept, i.e. a period of transition to the spontaneous unfolding of economic flows. This concept should have guided the economy of the Republic of Serbia towards the market economy, enabled relatively high rates of economic growth, has raised its level of competitiveness and, has ultimately, prepared it for the market competition. However, it can be concluded that the ten-year application of this concept has directed the economy of the Republic of Serbia in a completely different direction: towards foreign savings, disproportionate growth of the sector of non-tradable goods and services and overheating of domestic demand as the main driver of growth. The inability to autonomously or partially autonomously create their own sources of growth, on the one hand, and the continuation of the foreign borrowing spiral, on the other, were key synthetic indicators of the current state of the economy. Therefore, the Republic of Serbia was forced to change its economic growth model. According to many opinions, development processes in industry, its position in the newly formed economic structure of the country, as well as structural changes within the industry itself, has been one of the key causes of the negative developmental trends in the economy of the Republic of Serbia during the first decade of the 21st century. With this in mind, this paper analyzes the development processes in the industry of the Republic of Serbia during the first decade of the 21st century, that is, the results of the aforementioned processes, namely: changes in the structure of industry, results of privatization of industry, trends in employment in industry, and developments in foreign trade industry.
MORTGAGOR’S LIABILITY FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE VALUE OF A MORTGAGED REAL ESTATE
Authors: Vučković Milica , Lazić Miroslav
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the authors analyze the civil law liability of a mortgage debtor (mortgagor) in cases where the debtor breaches the obligation of treating the mortgaged real estate in compliance with the legal standard of acting with due diligence of “a good host” or “a good businessman,” and thus depreciates its value to the extent that jeopardizes the possibility of enforcing the claim. Given the accessory nature of mortgage which is aimed at securing the claim as the primary right, this form of civil liability and the corresponding rights of the mortgage creditor (mortgagee) are applicable before raising the issue of traditional civil law liability, which implies the maturity of the receivables and compensation for the damage sustained by the creditor. This form of civil liability may also be used preventively when there is a real risk of causing damage to the mortgagee. The relationship between civil law liability and the insurance of the mortgaged asset implies that they do not exclude but complement each other.
Characterization of mine tailings in their natural state and stabilized with cement, focused on construction
Authors: Ramos  Hernández Maureen Ixchel , Pérez Rea María de la Luz
Published: March 2021

This work presents the physical-chemical, geotechnical and mechanical characterization of a sample of mine tailings from the state of Zacatecas, Mexico with the objective of evaluating their possible use as a construction material for pavement support layers or as an aggregate of a hydraulic concrete. The material analyzed was classified as a poorly graded silty sand (SP-SM) according to the SUCS classification and is composed mainly of quartz and calcite. The analyzed sample satisfies the necessary requirements, according to current Mexican regulations, to be used as i) a subgrade layer in a pavement, without the addition of virgin aggregates, or ii) as fine aggregates in the production of hydraulic concrete, previously sieved to correct its grain-size distribution. The mining residues studied do not require stabilization because the material transported in the leaching process is below the permissible limits for heavy metals according to Mexican regulations; this may be caused by the neutral pH of the sample, demonstrating a high adsorption of the heavy metals that avoids potential leaching. However, the sample was stabilized with Portland cement with 3 and 5% respectively to corroborate the decrease in heavy metal transport based on the consulted bibliography; the concentrations of the analyzed elements decreased except for chrome due to its presence in the stabilizing material and an increase in the pH value was observed.
Control and signal filtering system for a quadcopter; analysis, comparison and implementation via low-cost IMU and microcontroller
Authors: Allende  Peña Jacobo Marcos , Rodríguez  Paredes Salvador Antonio , Salmerón  Quiroz Bernardino Benito
Published: March 2021

This work presents the development, analysis and comparison of dynamic models, to implement in a simple way a filtering and control system for a quadcopter through the use of a microcontroller. A non-linear dynamic model obtained from the Euler Lagrange equations is approached, also a simplified non-linear model from the first model and a linear model are obtained. Subsequently, making use of each model, controllers are designed using the computed torque controller technique, then, their performance index is obtained through numerical simulations applied to the complete non-linear model to compare their response. Afterward, with the various models and through observers and Kalman filters, signal filtering systems are synthesized for a low-cost Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), the filtering results are also compared using a performance index, later, the model and filtering system are selected to implement the controller. Finally, the selection of the model, the controller and filtering are validated through experimentation with a quadcopter prototype developed by the authors, based on an experimental platform with four rotors, a fiberglass structure, a microcontroller and an IMU MPU 6050.
Una noción de imaginación política a partir de Lavorare con lentezza de Cráter Invertido
Authors: Morales Domínguez Mario Alberto
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es proponer una noción de imaginación política a partir de una aproximación iconológica de una pieza que ha sido elaborada e identificada como arte político. Parto de una comprensión de la iconología basada en Georges Didi-Huberman la cual se confronta a la obra Lavorare con Lentezza, un dibujo colectivo de 5 x 1.2 metros aproximadamente, elaborado por el colectivo mexicano Cooperativa Cráter Invertido, y presentada en la Bienal de Venecia 2015. Desarrollo tres apartados que abarcan los momentos de creación, exhibición y recepción de la obra, respectivamente. Al mismo tiempo, hago una definición de imaginación política en consonancia con las referencias y derivaciones que cada momento me permite. Por último, propongo una noción de imaginación política apegada al caso que abordo, pero no exhaustiva, definitiva ni mucho menos excluyente de otras propuestas que pueda haber sobre el tema.
Root Mass and Elemental Concentrations in an Irish Oak Woodland
Authors:   Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK, Q. Brearley Francis
Published: March 2021

Fine roots (< 2 mm diameter) are key for nutrient and carbon cycling in forests but less well studied for oak than other European trees. To better understand controls on root mass and nutrient concentrations in oak stands, a study was conducted at Glendalough in Ireland. Roots were removed from soils and measured for biomass, length and nutrient concentrations along with soil nutrients. Fine root mass was 360 gm-2 and comparable to other oak stands. Whilst root N concentrations were high, P concentrations were low and N, P, K, Mg, but not C or Ca were at greater concentrations in fine roots compared to coarse (2-5 mm) roots. The root Ca:Al ratio suggested Al toxicity although this was less marked in organic-rich soils. Neither root mass nor root nutrient concentrations showed particularly strong correlations with soil nutrients or pH. Whilst this data agrees well with other similar studies, improved analysis by separating live and dead roots will further advance our understanding of controls on forest fine root dynamics.
Exploring 3D Modelling of Architectural Plan using Camera Tracing
Authors:   Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, India, Kumar Shylesh , Ji Shiva
Published: March 2021

With the advent of technology, architecture has also benefitted by applying tools and equipment instead of conventional manual works. Computational technology has come to the aid of the design process. There is a shift from hand drawing to computer-aided design. Drawing had become more of a tool to explore design ideas and express proposed solutions. The coordination between hand and mind will remain superior until those tools progress. The physical human conditional gesture continues with reliability and is still relevant in idea generation and presentations. But in recent years, technology has driven architectural computing into a new exploratory domain. This research aims on building a procedural 3D model using a pixel-based tracing of the sketch of an architectural plan. The proposed method blurs the line between hand sketching and CAD, thus providing a quicker solution in visualizing the design. The point generated by vectorizing the bitmap data is used to achieve the desired curve. It is all done in a fully parametric model where the user has control over the properties for modeling. Finally, we validate our result with a study in which we compare the conventional modeling tools and establish a system to build the 3D model from an architectural plan. This study helps in believing that CAD and hand drawing could perfectly coexist and finding the right balance in architectural design.
X-aggregates and their Influences on Solid-state Emission of Organoc Luminophores
Authors:   Department of Industrial Chemistry, Mizoram University, siama Lalhmun , Choudhury Aniket
Published: March 2021

The organic luminophores consist of a diverse array of compounds exhibiting well understood conventional emission behaviour. Though their solution-state luminescence is well established, few luminophores are capable of exhibiting bright solid-state emission. Therefore, various theories to afford high solid-state emission from organic compounds, are currently under development. The formation of cross aggregate or X-aggregate is a novel way, where the energy-consuming pi-pi stacking of planar luminophores are disrupted using steric requirements. In this review, the recent reports on the X-aggregates along with their luminescence mechanism and effect of packing on emission behaviour are discussed.
Evaluation of Sand Quality and its Effect on Mortar and Cement Concrete
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Aizawl–796004 (India), Laldintluanga H. , Ramhmachhuani Rebecca , thlengliani Ram
Published: March 2021

The most used raw material in concrete are cement, sand and coarse aggregate. The study involved performing a series of tests on river sand and crushed sand that was collected from different sources to find the feasibility of commonly used sand in Mizoram. The properties of sand have been checked in terms of particle size distribution, fineness modulus, specific gravity. The effect of different sources of sand which are having different properties in mortar and concrete has been investigated. The sand was collected from different source having different particle size distribution as well as different silt and clay content. The quantity of water calculated based on normal consistency value cannot be applied to mortar which has sand having cohesion. Optimum moisture content calculated using the Standard Proctor test for cohesive sand is used to find out the additional water required on the mortar mix. The mortar with an exact amount of water has higher strength and density. The bonding is weakened in strength by non- binding material like silt and clay. Test results show that a decrease in compressive strength when the ratio of silt content to fine aggregate increase. It is found out that there is a large variation in the strength of mortar and concrete due to variation in the quality of sand use.
Scalar Tensor Theories of Gravitation in Ruban’s Space Time
Authors:   ", Nimkar Anil S. ,   Department of Mathematics, Shri. Dr. R.G. Rathod Arts & Science College, Murtizapur, Dist. Akola (M.S.) India", M. Wankhade Vaishnvi ,   "Department of Mathematics, Shri. Dr. R.G. Rathod Arts & Science College, Murtizapur, Dist. Akola (M.S.) India", M. Pund Ashok ,   "Department of Mathematics, Shri Shivaji Education Society Amravati’s Science College, Congress Nagar, Nagpur (M.S.) India"
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we have studied the field equation in the context of cosmic string source in the scalar-tensor theories of gravitation given by Brans and Dicke and Saez-Ballester with the aid of Ruban’s Space time. Exact cosmological models in both the theories are presented with the help of special law of variation suggested by Berman (1983) and relation between metric coefficient nnRxQ=. Finally, some physical and kinematical properties of the model are carried out.
The Role of the Cyprus Issue in the Greek-Soviet Relations (1956-1960)
Authors: Tasoulas Argyrios
Published: March 2021

The article examines the role of the Cyprus issue in the bilateral relations between Greece and the USSR in 1956-1960. It is based on primal archival research realised at the Constantine Karamanlis Archive (AKK) and at the Diplomatic and Historical Archive of the Greek Foreign Ministry (DIAYE) in Athens. The analysis of the recently declassified documents relate to the events which took place in 1954, when the Soviet Union supported the Greek claims for self-determination of the Cypriot people in the United Nations on the basis of the anti-colonial principles. This contributed to the impressive increase in trade between Greece and the USSR, especially after the unofficial visit of the Soviet Foreign Minister D.T. Shepilov to Athens in 1956. Against the backdrop of the deterioration of the international situation in 1957, Kremlin heavily criticized NATOs decision to deploy the US Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBMs) in Europe and applied diplomatic pressures to NATO member-states including Greece. The shift from tensions to a peaceful offensive strategy, characteristic of the Soviet diplomacy towards Greece, proved to be a double-edged sword for Moscow in the long term. The author concludes that both countries exploited the Cyprus issue for their benefit. Thus, Moscow managed to take advantage of the Greek discontent with the NATO allies as a means of increasing its own prestige in the region, while the Greek governments capitalized on the Soviet tactics in order to increase its political leverage in confronting NATO on Cyprus.
Regional Complex of Southeast Asia: A Case of Applied Analysis Focused on the Situation in Myanmar
Authors: Efremova Ksenia Aleksandrovna
Published: March 2021

This paper uses the method of applied analysis of regional complexes developed at the Centre for Comprehensive Chinese Studies and Regional Projects, MGIMO University (Moscow, Russia). Its scientific relevance is defined by the importance of understanding the international and political situation in and around Myanmar. The aim of this study is a scientific exploration of the Rohingya crisis by means of applied methods of regional analysis, designed by the author. This methodology aims to trace scenarios of the development of international and political situations in the region based on the types of interactions within the Southeast Asian regional complex. The article offers the authors own definition of regional complex that builds on the works of Alexei D. Voskressenski, introduces an algorithm of scenario analysis, outlines six ideal types of regional complexes, and defines stable and unstable types of regional complexes. The first part of the article is devoted to current approaches in the study of regional problems in International Relations and World Regional Studies; the second part describes the authors conception of applied international political analysis of regional complexes; and the third part contains an example of the application of scenario analysis to specific regional and domestic affairs - in this case, the contemporary situation in Myanmars Rakhine State. The research yields the following results: 1) by using a combination of the methods of news monitoring and event analysis, the author collected information on political processes in Rakhine over the last five years; 2) this information was arranged according to the matrix compiled by the author, which characterized the situation development according to the negative (-5-1) and positive (+1+5) scenarios; 3) based on the results of the aforesaid analysis, the author comes to a conclusion on the character and intensity of the Rohingya crisis and describes possible ways of its settlement.
Postcoloniality in Global and Regional Dimensions
Authors: Neklessa Alexander Ivanovich
Published: March 2021

The article reflects the results of research in the North-South Group focused on the development of the polycentric, personalized and mobile Universe, while the ensemble of interconnected influential concepts (postmodernity and postcoloniality) had been analyzed. The current view on globalization as a political and economic cohesion of the modern world, contrasts the view on global restructuring as a consequence of the crisis of institutions of world bureaucracy, collectivist ideo-party totality, others unifying administrative and sociocultural mechanics. Attention is drawn to the trends of individuation and privatization, substitution of subordination by subsidiarity, which reflects the crisis of the national statehood format. The complex reality that arises in the bosom of modern culture, implements its own polycentricity, based not on the etatist symphony, but on a distributed set of diasporas, corporate or personal sovereignty. Postmodernity, denying the former world order, reproduces the semblance of a post-colonial situation, which allows us to turn to the experience of countries that have gained political sovereignty and mastered their new status in its various versions. Coloniality is understood as the result of hegemony, which goes beyond the prevailing interpretation of colonialism, but as a repressive emanation of the hegemonic world, offering subaltern other two modus of behavior: submission or subjugation assimilation, denying the legality of alternative self-realization or resistance. Pathos of post-modern, post-imperial and post-colonial positions declares the right of the individual and the communities to realize their original identity, dissimilation of former loyalties and sovereign search for alternatives. The universal quest is for political, sociocultural and semantic counter-hegemony, which also denies the current world to be an instrument of the modal-assimilation complex knowledge - power. The urgency of this problem was confirmed by the riots that broke out in the United States and other parts of the world in 2020.
BRIDGE as a Linguistic and Cultural Symbol
Authors: Karasik Vladimir I. , Milovanova Maria S.
Published: March 2021

The paper deals with a linguistic and cultural conceptualization of reality. A symbolic dimension of a concept is analyzed on the basis of its notional, perceptive and axiological features. The concept BRIDGE has been described in its verbal representation in the Russian and English linguistic cultures. The material of the study includes definitions from dictionaries and encyclopedias, textual samples from the Russian and English national corpuses, proverbs and aphorisms and poetic texts. Metaphorically, a bridge is understood as an opportunity to move on along the road via some natural obstacles, usually rivers. Symbolically, the following ideas come to the fore when applied to the concept BRIDGE: crossing an obstacle, raising up, possibility or impossibility of coming back, safety or insecurity. The novelty of the research consists in the description of these vectors of conceptualization of a BRIDGE as a cluster of the symbolic meanings of building or destroying a bridge and going up or falling down from it.
Harmony and Disharmony: Acoustic Opposition in the Early Lyrics of Alexander Blok
Authors: Temirgazina Zifa K. , Zhakupova Gulzhan K.
Published: March 2021

The article studies the role of the observer - the subject of acoustic perception of poetic narrative, in particular, in the construction of a dual reality in the early work by Alexander Blok Poems about the Beautiful Lady. Acoustic perceptual data is the basis for the creation of complex mystical and philosophical symbols and poetic images. The divine, ideal world of the Beautiful Lady and the real world of the lyric hero are in opposition to each other in acoustic terms, which give rise to the opposition HARMONY - DISHARMONY. The opposition is realized in musical sounds, songs, and bell ringing typical of the upper world. The real world is characterized by other sounds, non-musical: groans, creaks, complaints, and crying. Accordingly, emotions also differ in value depending on belonging to one or another world: in the world of the Beautiful Lady they quietly laugh, rejoice; in the world of the lyrical hero they cry, moan, complain. SILENCE is a significant symbol of the divine world. The world of the Beautiful Lady is thus harmonious, musical and quiet. Its important element is the voices of birds: swans, cranes, eagles. Smell, touch and taste play a minor role in the creation of the Bloks dual reality. Temperature sensations participate in the formation of the COLD symbol as a phenomenon hostile to the divine world. Thus, the concept of dual reality in Bloks early lyrics is embodied in a number of acoustic oppositions and acoustic symbols of silence, song, and bell ringing.
Imperative Statements - one of the Forms of Representation of a Linguistic Personality
Authors: Vasileva Anna A.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the functioning of imperative statements used in various situations of communication. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main imperative constructions in the context of the speech behavior of the linguistic personality of the main character of a literary text. The method of comparative analysis allows identify the features of the functioning of incentive tactics. This article is an overview of the research available in linguistics on issues related to imperativeness. A broad view of the concept of imperative allows to go beyond the established definitions and expand the field of modality of a literary text. The work examines the main semantic groups that clearly characterize the literary character as a linguistic person. The analysis of imperative incentive statements is viewed through the prism of purposeful communicative activity. A variety of means and ways of expressing imperative statements in the speech of the main character provide an opportunity to differentiate semantic nuances. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that for the first time on the material of the modern Russian novel The Geographer Drank His Globe Away by A. Ivanov, the main classes of expression of the semantics of motivation are analyzed. The study identified imperative and non-imperative, but expressing the urge to action, statements, means of lowering the imperative. The lexico-grammatical and syntactic constructions used in the speech of the main character, most common in pedagogical and everyday discourses, are analyzed. The research results are presented as a functional-semantic space.
Speech Interference as the Result of a Two-Pronged Negative Influence
Authors: Dzhusupov Mahanbet
Published: March 2021

The article considers the problem of the interaction of languages in the process of forming a bilingual personality and society. A comparative study of the material, the mother tongue and the studied language, reveals the causes of interference in bilingual speech in a foreign language. Traditionally, the causes of speech interference are determined by the characteristics of a native language, which are not found in the language studied, therefore they negatively affect the process of mastering the second language, which generates speech errors. This is a one-sided approach to understand interference in general and its origins (causes) in particular. The article considers the problem of a two-way approach to understanding the phenomenon of speech interference. Speech interference is a result of the negative influence of both the characteristics of the native language and the characteristics of the language being studied, i.e. it is a simultaneous two-way process in dual unity. Both processes of negative influence on an individuals mastery of a second language are defined as one action in bilinguality, giving the same result - interference in bilingual speech, which is expressed in phonetic-phonological, semantic and other types and types of speech errors. The simultaneous and inconsistent negative influence of the features of the native language and the non-native language considered on the material of consonant combinations in the initial words of the Russian and Kazakh languages, when the absence of combinations of consonants in this position of the Kazakh word and their presence in this position of the Russian word to the same extent and at the same time negatively influence on the correct - the literary pronunciation of Kazakh words and Russian words. Thus, in contrast to the traditional explanation of the phenomenon of speech interference as a result of a one-sided negative process, it is proposed and proved that this phenomenon is the result of (simultaneous) two-way influence of features, native and studied languages. Errors of an individual in speech in a foreign language are considered according to the provisions of the syntagmatic typology of interference (plus segmentation, or minus segmentation).
Hermeneutics of Aristotle and Hermeneutics of Sophists in Terms of Dialogue Philosophy. Part II. From Sophists to Modernity
Authors: Dvorkin Ilya
Published: March 2021

The article considers the logical and philosophical doctrine of sophists, which, according to some modern researchers, was more philosophical than their ancient critics recognized. A comparison of the provisions of Aristotle's hermeneutics with preserved fragments of Protagoras and Gorgias shows that the doctrine of sophists was a kind of holistic philosophy, which anticipated the philosophy of dialogue of the XX century. Despite the fact that the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle tried to overcome the relativism and anti-ontologism of the doctrine of sophists, some elements of its dialogism were preserved in subsequent philosophy in dialectics and rhetoric. The first thing you should pay attention to is the difference between the dialogical form of the presentation of philosophy in Plato and dialogue as the fundamental basis of thinking that we find among sophists. The dialogism preserved in the dialectic of Plato and the rhetoric of Aristotle is more a technical method of convincing the interlocutor than a hermeneutical basis, which it is in the philosophy of dialogue and in the method of Socratic discussion. The linguistic turn that occurred in the philosophy of the 20th century includes not only an increased interest in language and accuracy of expression. No less important is the new formulation of the question of the nature of the language. Is language a tool for the formulation of thought as Aristotle believed and followed by representatives of modern analytical philosophy, or does it have its own fundamental status, as representatives of the philosophy of dialogue believe? In this context, it is very important for the philosophy of dialogue to find in the thinking of the pre-Socratics those predecessors who already charted the paths for modern thought two and a half thousand years ago. The second part of the article discusses the forms of the dialogic thinking that have survived in philosophy after the sophists and the role of the sophists' hermeneutics in the formation of modern philosophy of dialogue.
Sobornost and Totality in Georges Gurvitch's Social Law Doctrine
Authors: Zagirnyak Mikhail Yu.
Published: March 2021

Georges Gurvitch (1894-1965), from the 1920s to the end of his life, was solving the problem of combining unity and plurality in the justification of society. He believed that individualism and collectivism represented social processes in a limited way because they were based on the preconception that the binding power of law derives respectively from a private or corporate actor's will. Gurvitch contrasted individual law with the social one, which was intended to overcome the opposition between individualism and collectivism. Social law bases on legal sociology's assumption that social interactions as such are already legal relations. This conclusion allows Gurvitch to consider any social interaction as a source of law and to assert legal pluralism as a way of constructing society. The integrity of the latter is a condition for the mutual correlation of the multiplicity of legal regulations generated by internal social interactions into the unified structure of social law. In a holistic approach to comprehending social interactions, Gurvitch, in his Russian-language works in the migr period, uses the philosophical-legal interpretation of sobornost to describe society's integrity. In French- and English-language works from the 1930s, Gurvitch uses the term "totality," which he learned from Marcel Mauss, to describe social integrity. This article compares sobornost and totality as variants of denoting social integrity in Gurvitch's social law doctrine. The researcher determines that Gurvitch, using the concepts of sobornost and totality, interpreted society's development differently, 1) as anti-hierarchical sobornost equality, and 2) as a hierarchical inordination of totalities. Having analyzed the peculiarities of the interpretation of sobornost and totality in Gurvitch's works, the author concludes that these concepts should be considered multilingual equivalents in denoting communal unity as sources of law, which reflect changes in the interpretation of society in Gurvitch's social law doctrine.
Dostoevsky's Christianity
Authors: Evlampiev Igor I. , Smirnov Vladimir N.
Published: March 2021

The article refutes the widespread view that Dostoevsky's Christian beliefs were strictly Orthodox. It is proved that Dostoevsky's religious and philosophical searches' central tendency is the criticism of historical, ecclesiastical Christianity as a false, distorted form of the teaching of Jesus Christ and the desire to restore this teaching in its original purity. Modern researchers of the history of early Christianity find more and more arguments in favor of the fact that the actual teaching of Jesus Christ is contained in that religious movement, which the church called the Gnostic heresy. The exact philosophical expression of the teaching of Christ was received in the later works of J.G. Fichte, whose ideas had a strong influence on the Russian writer. Like Fichte, Dostoevsky understands Christ as the first person who showed the possibility of revealing God in himself and gaining divine omnipotence and eternal life directly in earthly reality. In this sense, every person can become like Christ. Dostoevsky's main characters walk the path of Christ and show how difficult this path is. The article shows that Dostoevsky used in his work not only the philosophical version of true (Gnostic) Christianity developed by German philosophy (Fichte, Schelling, Hegel), but also the key motives of the Gnostic myth, primarily the idea that our world, filled with evil and suffering, is created not by the supreme, good God-Father, but by the evil Demiurge, the Devil (in this sense, it is hell).
Dostoevsky. A View from the West
Authors: Ghidini Maria Candida
Published: March 2021

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Assessment of risks for the gas industry in Russia in the context of the formation of a common gas market of the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Tkachenko Marina F. , Allaiarova Nelia I.
Published: March 2021

The research aimed to identifies the risks for the development of the gas industry in Russia in the context of the emerging common gas market of the EAEU. The state of the gas industry in Russia and Russias cooperation with the EAEU member states in the gas sector are considered. The development of the Russian gas industry is determined both by the dominant position of the vertically integrated natural monopoly PJSC Gazprom, and by the characteristics of the global hydrocarbon energy market. Based on empirical data, it is concluded that the creation of a common gas market in the EAEU is not only a challenge to the development of the Russian gas industry, but also a measure to strengthen and expand its positions in the global energy market, increase the efficiency of participation in the global energy agenda, as well as an incentive for improving the domestic gas market in Russia.
Improving measures for the development of financial and legal back up of state support for development programs of higher education institutions in Russia
Authors: Vlasenko Nikolay A. , Zinkovskiy Sergey B. , Gronic Irina A.
Published: March 2021

The RUDN Law Institute research team headed by the Doctor of Sciences, professor of the Department of Theory of Law and State Nikolay Vlasenko performed an expert and analytical work for the formation of a package of proposals on measures and law-making initiatives in order to implement the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation adopted in 2020. The aim was to assess the need to determine the additional source of income of a constituent of the Russian Federation for state support for the development programs of higher educational organizations by changing the system of distribution of tax revenues between federal and regional levels of the budget. The research team included Sergei Zinkovskiy, Ph.D., associate professor of the Department of Theory of Law and State, Mikhail Katsarsky, Ph.D., associate professor of the Department of Theory of Law and State, Irina Gronik, Ph.D., assistant professor of the Department of Civil Law and Civil Procedure Law and Private International Law, Denis Dobryakov, Irina Chernykh and other specialists of RUDN Law Institute. The results of the research can be used by the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Higher Education and Science of the Russian Federation to form theoretically based proposals related to the dynamics of financial and legal support for state efforts for programs of higher education organizations development in Russia on the territories of subjects of the Russian Federation in connection with the implementation of the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Biomedicine and Law: mutual trust and perspectives
Authors: Yastrebov Oleg A.
Published: March 2021

The publication raises issues of interaction of rapidly developing areas of bio-medicine and international legal standards, and national legislation of states. Attention is focused on the need for legal guarantees in the field of editing the genome of living organisms, in vitro fertilization, etc. It is proposed to form a uni-form attitude and establish the boundaries of what is permissible in the field of genetic practice so that the situation does not get out of the control of the human mind.