bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELAÇÃO DE PODER E SAÚDE MENTAL DAS MULHERES INSERIDAS NO CRAS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: SOUSA ARAÚJO AMANDA , DA SILVA MATOSO CAROLINA , Reginaldo Henrique Jordanya , Barros Rodrigo José Fernandes de , Amélia Fernandes Barreto Laura
Published: January 2025

O poder concebido por Foucault advém das tecnologias produtoras das concepções de verdades, construídas em contextos sociais, de poderes e saberes que se transformam através das civilizações acometidas pelo controle, que por sua vez, faz-se objeto de apreensão dessas verdades. Atrelado a isso, a filósofa Judith Butler entende as relações de poder expressadas dentro das relações de gênero que é configurado, em sua perspectiva, como um dispositivo de controle interligado ao construto sociocultural que define as funções de homens e mulheres. Com isto, elabora-se como hipótese que as relações de poder impõem como verdade as funções determinadas socialmente para as mulheres, resultam em sobrecarga de atividades, favorecendo o adoecimento mental, e consequentemente, como uma válvula de escape busca-se assistência especializada. Levando em consideração essa concepção, o presente estudo teve por objetivo compreender os efeitos da relação de poder e de gênero na saúde mental das mulheres, aprofundando-se em um delineamento do adoecimento mental, bem como, a possível contribuição da Psicologia diante das repercussões “biopsicossocioculturais” desse público inserido no Centro de Referência da Assistência Social (CRAS). Portanto, o respectivo trabalho adotou o método de revisão integrativa, utilizando-se das bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos de Psicologia (PePSIC) e Scielo, bem como, fazendo uso dos descritores estabelecidos em busca no site Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS), “relações de gênero”, “mulheres”, “saúde mental”, “psicologia” e “CRAS”, este, por sua vez, não consta no DeCS, mas os encaminhamentos para a sua inclusão foram realizados. Os trabalhos coletados abordam aspectos da construção de gênero advindo das relações de poder, caracterizado pelo machismo e patriarcado que vêm a influenciar a compreensão da função a ser exercida pela mulher, naturalizando atividades de cuidado do outro e do ambiente doméstico como lugar natural destas, manifestando conjunturas normativas como significativas para o adoecimento mental das mulheres assistidas pelo CRAS, que em situações de vulnerabilidade encontram lugar de fala nos grupos ofertados pelo serviço. Com isso, observa-se que apesar dos avanços como a conquista do direito ao trabalho e possibilidade para autonomia, permanece a manutenção de funções "destinadas às mulheres" perpetrando a naturalização da sobrecarga, tanto pela sociedade como por parte das profissionais do serviço, carecendo de atividades que promovam o olhar crítico das próprias usuárias diante dessas naturalizações.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE:  Psicologia; Mulher; Saúde Mental; Relações de Poder.
Analysis of Direct Marketing and Personal Selling Strategy at PT. Duta Merpati Indonesia
Authors: Nisa Maghfirotun , Reviandani Wasti
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the Direct Marketing and Personal Selling strategies at PT. Duta Merpati Indonesia and their impact on sales and customer relationships. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document analysis. The results showed that Direct Marketing through email and social media is effective in reaching customers and increasing responses, despite challenges such as the perception of messages as spam. Personal Selling has been shown to build strong customer relationships, but is constrained by the lack of an accurate customer database, making it difficult to measure the success of the strategy. Both strategies contribute significantly to increasing sales and customer loyalty. The challenges identified, such as the need for improved digital infrastructure and sales force training, require special attention. Optimal implementation of both strategies can create more value for customers and drive the company's sales growth.
Case Analysis of Public Procurement Management In Indonesia for The Period of 2023
Authors: Hardinata Dodi , Yenisrida Yenisrida , Putra Hendra Depriansyah
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explain in detail the analysis of the problems of the implementation of government procurement of goods/services that occurred in Indonesia in the 2023 period. The procurement of government goods and services in Indonesia is a complex process and has a significant impact on the success of national development. This study also aims to analyze several procurement cases that occurred in 2023, as well as evaluate the effectiveness of policies, challenges faced, and opportunities for improvement in the procurement system in Indonesia. The research focuses on new policies, the application of technology in procurement, and issues such as transparency, efficiency, and accountability. Data is taken from various official government reports, articles, and interviews with related parties. The research method, used is a qualitative method, with a total of 105 informants. The results of the research, government procurement of goods and services in Indonesia in 2023 show some progress in terms of policies and technology, but still face major challenges related to transparency, accountability, and human resource competence. Technological capacity building and stricter law enforcement need to be done to realize more effective and efficient procurement. The update, in this study, is that providing recommendations for improvement based on the cases analyzed, the government needs to strengthen policies and the implementation of procurement that is more accountable and transparent. This can be done with several steps, including regular human resource training, holding regular training for government procurement personnel to improve their competence in understanding the latest procurement regulations and technology. Improving technology infrastructure, ensuring that information technology infrastructure throughout the region can support the implementation of SPSE and e-Catalog. Strict supervision and law enforcement, conducting stricter supervision of the procurement process and taking firm action against any form of irregularities to reduce the risk of corruption.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Technology-Enhanced Language Learning Tools in Supporting Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Darkoah Christiana , Abunya Levina Nyameye , Owusu Edward , Faleke Victoria Ogunnike
Published: January 2025

The level of attainment of second language (L2) proficiency in children differs. While some attain it early, others face several challenges in achieving success in language proficiency. The variance raises inquiries into the factors influencing language learning outcomes among young learners. Consequently, this paper delved into the correlation between young learner’s access to technological tools and devices at home and their proficiency levels in their second language. Twenty-five participants were randomly selected from KNUST Primary School in Kumasi, Ghana. Employing a qualitative research approach with a corresponding phenomenological research design, the study conducted semi-structured interviews with twenty-five out of forty-three learners in a basic three class. Through thematic data analysis, the study revealed a rising trend of learners utilizing technology-enhanced language learning tools beyond conventional classrooms, indicating a shift towards integrated and personalized language learning. Furthermore, the study discovered that effective utilization of technology can strengthen vocabulary and communication skills, with various tools like language apps, television channels, smartphones, and computers playing roles in facilitating Second Language Acquisition (SLA). The study recommended ensuring equitable access to technology is essential, necessitating investments in infrastructure and resources. Educators should undergo professional development to integrate technology-enhanced language learning tools effectively. Collaboration among researchers, educators, and developers is pivotal for creating high-quality tools that cater to diverse learner needs. The paper highlights the critical role of technological tools in SLA among young learners, shedding light on how access to and effective use of technology can improve vocabulary and communication skills.

Keywords: Technology, Enhanced, Support, Second Language Acquisition, Language Learning Tools
Comet 289P/Blanpain: Near-perihelion Activity and the Phoenicids
Authors: Kasuga Toshihiro
Published: January 2025

We present NEOWISE observations of Jupiter family comet 289P/Blanpain, the parent body of the Phoenicid meteoroid stream. Near-infrared images at 3.4 μm (W1) and 4.6 μm (W2) were obtained near perihelion on two occasions: UT 2019 October 30 (inbound, heliocentric distance R
h = 1.20 au) and UT 2020 January 11–12 (outbound, R
h = 1.01 au). To assess faint activity, we establish constraints on dust production driven by the limited sublimating area of water ice, based on studies of the 1956 Phoenicids. The ejected dust masses are M
d = 4100 ± 200 kg (inbound) and 1700 ± 200 kg (outbound), respectively. The dust production rates are Q
dust = 0.01–0.02 kg s−1, corresponding to a dust-to-gas production ratio of 2 ≤  f
dg ≤ 6. The resulting fractional active area, f
A = 3.8 ± 1.9 × 10−5, is the smallest yet reported. The absence of 4.6 μm (W2) excess suggests that 289P/Blanpain contains negligible amounts of CO2 and CO. Time-resolved analysis of the weighted mean of the W1 and W2 magnitudes finds a distinctive peak amplitude in the light curve having a rotational period P
rot = 8.8536 ± 0.3860 hr, however, further verification is needed. The perihelion-normalized nongravitational acceleration,

α

NG

′

= 3.1 × 10−6, is approximately an order of magnitude smaller than the trend observed for well-studied comets, consistent with weak outgassing. Current dust production from 289P/Blanpain, regardless of plausible assumptions for the particle size and distribution, is an order of magnitude too small to produce the Phoenicid stream within its ~300 yr dynamical lifetime. This suggests another mass supply, probably in 1743–1819, from rapid rotational destruction of a subkilometer precursor body, resulting in fragments equaling the mass of an object with radius ~ 100 m.
Identification of the Optical Counterpart of the Fast X-Ray Transient EP240414a
Authors: Srivastav S. , Chen T.-W. , Gillanders J. H. , Rhodes L. , Smartt S. J. , Huber M. E. , Aryan A. , Yang S. , Beri A. , Cooper A. J. , Nicholl M. , Smith K. W. , Stevance H. F. , Carotenuto F. , Chambers K. C. , Aamer A. , Angus C.R. , Fulton M. D. , Moore T. , Smith I. A. , Young D. R. , de Boer T. , Gao H. , Lin C.-C. , Lowe T. , Magnier E. A. , Minguez P. , Pan Y.-C. , Wainscoat R. J.
Published: January 2025

Fast X-ray transients (FXTs) are extragalactic bursts of X-rays first identified in archival X-ray data and are now routinely discovered in real time by the Einstein Probe, which is continuously surveying the night sky in the soft (0.5–4 keV) X-ray regime. In this Letter, we report the discovery of the second optical counterpart (AT 2024gsa) to an FXT (EP 240414a). EP 240414a is located at a projected radial separation of 27 kpc from its likely host galaxy at z = 0.4018 ± 0.0010. The optical light curve of AT 2024gsa displays three distinct components. The initial decay from our first observation is followed by a rebrightening episode, displaying a rapid rise in luminosity to an absolute magnitude M

r
 ∼ −21 after two rest-frame days. While the early optical luminosity and decline rate are similar to those of luminous fast blue optical transients, the color temperature of AT 2024gsa is distinctly red and we show that the peak flux is inconsistent with a thermal origin. The third component peaks at M

i
 ∼ −19 at ≳16 rest-frame days post-FXT, and is compatible with an emerging supernova. We fit the riz-band data with a series of power laws and find that the decaying components are in agreement with gamma-ray burst afterglow models, and that the rebrightening may originate from refreshed shocks. By considering EP 240414a in context with all previously reported known-redshift FXT events, we propose that Einstein Probe FXT discoveries may predominantly result from (high-redshift) gamma-ray bursts, and thus appear to be distinct from the previously discovered lower-redshift, lower-luminosity population of FXTs.
Early-time Millimeter Observations of the Nearby Type II SN 2024ggi
Authors: Hu Maokai , Ao Yiping , Yang Yi , Hu Lei , Li Fulin , Wang Lifan , Wang Xiaofeng
Published: January 2025

The short-lived ionized emission lines in early spectroscopy of the nearby Type II supernova SN 2024ggi signify the presence of dense circumstellar matter (CSM) close to its progenitor star. We proposed the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations by its Director's Discretionary Time program to catch the potential synchrotron radiation associated with the ejecta–CSM interaction. Multiepoch observations were conducted using ALMA band 6 at +8, +13, and +17 days after the discovery. The data show nondetections at the position of SN 2024ggi with a 3σ upper limit of less than 0.15 mJy, corresponding to a luminosity of approximately 8 × 1024 erg s−1 Hz−1. In this paper, we leverage the nondetections to place constraints on the properties of CSM surrounding SN 2024ggi. We investigate both the Wind and Eruptive models for the radial distribution of CSM, assuming a constant mass-loss rate in the Wind model and a distance-variant mass-loss rate in the Eruptive model. The derived CSM distribution for the Wind model does not align with the early-time spectral features, while the ALMA observations suggest a mass-loss rate of ~5 × 10−3
M
⊙ yr−1 for the Eruptive model. Conducting multiepoch millimeter/submillimeter observations shortly after the explosion, with a cadence of a few days, could offer a promising opportunity to capture the observable signature of the Eruptive model.
Revision of the millipede family Dalodesmidae in Madagascar, with descriptions of two new Malagasy species of Dalodesmus Cook, 1896 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)
Authors: Wesener Thomas , Akkari Nesrine , Golovatch Sergei I.
Published: January 2025

The family Dalodesmidae Cook, 1896 in the fauna of Madagascar is reviewed and shown to presently encompass eight species in three genera: Dalodesmus Cook, 1896 (six species), Eutubercularium Brölemann, 1916 (one species), and Phymatodesmus de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897 (one species). These genera are diagnosed, and their respective species keyed, all being endemic to Madagascar proper and/or the immediately adjacent islets of Nosy Be and/or Nosy Sakatia. Dalodesmus currently contains six species, including two new, all supplied either with brief descriptive notes and available iconography or extensive descriptions and new illustrations, as follows: D. hamatus (Brandt, 1841), from an unspecified locality in Madagascar, now redescribed from a male specimen from Makira, northeastern Madagascar; D. odontopezus (Attems, 1898), from Nosy Be Isle; D. orator Hoffman, 1974, from Ambohimitombo, central Madagascar; D. tectus Cook, 1896 (= D. hova (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897), syn. nov.), originally described from an unspecified locality in central Madagascar, with a male type and additional males identified as D. hova recorded from the Andasibe National Park (= Périnet) in east-central Madagascar. Additionally, two new species are described, D. speophilussp. nov., from Grotte de Anjohibe, northwestern Madagascar, and D. kompantsevisp. nov., from Montagne d’Ambre, northern Madagascar. Both the type species of Dalodesmus and its synonym Tubercularium Attems, 1898, D. tectus and D. odontopezus, respectively, are partly revised and illustrated based on holotypes, while D. hamatus is duly described and illustrated based on the first discovery of a male. Both Eutubercularium and Phymatodesmus are still monospecific, comprising only E. voeltzkowi (Mesibov, Wesener & Hollier, 2018), from Nosy Be Isle, and P. sakalava (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1901), from Andasibe, respectively. The latter species is fully redescribed and illustrated for the first time from male material.
La pornographie en ligne : initiation ou retrait ?
Authors: Ikiz Simruy
Published: January 2025

Cet article explore les dynamiques psychiques de l’utilisation de la pornographie à l’adolescence. Loin de condamner et d’alerter le lecteur sur les méfaits de la pornographie, l’autrice tente d’explorer les fonctions des images pornographiques lors du processus adolescent, dans ses deux versants : d’une part, une possible initiation à la sexualité génitale, et d’autre part, un retrait vers un monde anobjectal. De plus, le lien de l’adolescent avec les plateformes pornographiques est étudié à partir de la question des réseaux sociaux, des algorithmes, ainsi que de la problématique de l’addiction. Enfin, la place de l’environnement de l’adolescent ainsi que la solidité de ses limites entre le fantasme et la réalité se trouvent questionnés.
La confusion des sentiments . De l’objet pubertaire à l’objet adéquat
Authors: Caule Emmanuelle
Published: January 2025

À partir de La confusion des sentiments , de S. Zweig, l’auteur propose une réflexion autour du passage, à l’adolescence, de l’objet pubertaire à l’objet adéquat. Elle met en évidence que les formes transitoires du choix d’objet pubertaire se caractérisent par une « exagération de la virilité », prise dans l’affleurement des figures œdipiennes. Elle souligne que les mouvements identificatoires qui opèrent parallèlement, par la voie de la sublimation, concourent à la génitalisation de la bisexualité psychique.
Des affiches pour enseigner l’histoire de France : la lente imposition d’un nouveau support pédagogique au XIX e siècle (années 1800-années 1870)
Authors: Geslot Jean-Charles
Published: January 2025

Les affiches murales d’histoire de France bénéficient dans le premier quart du xix e siècle d’un contexte intellectuel particulier, qui promeut le récit national tout autant que sa pédagogie. Tandis que l’histoire s’installe progressivement dans le champ des matières scolaires, l’affiche murale se présente comme un support matériel spécifique, permettant d’embrasser d’un seul regard l’ensemble des savoirs sur ce passé de la nation. Les particularités matérielles de ces objets semblent toutefois en retarder l’essor. Bien que certaines affiches connaissent une diffusion relativement importante, et bénéficient de véritables campagnes promotionnelles, les éditeurs investissent peu sur elles. C’est seulement sous la III e République que ce support matériel original s’impose comme élément de la panoplie d’outils au service de l’enseignement de cette matière reine qu'est désormais l’histoire de France.
Les grandes lignes de développement du pragmatisme
Authors: Tsurumi Shunsuke
Published: January 2025

Cet article publié pour la première fois en japonais en 1957 est composé de trois temps principaux. Il commence par une histoire de l’introduction du pragmatisme au Japon depuis l’ère Meiji. Il se poursuit par une analyse critique de son évolution aux États-Unis après la seconde guerre mondiale. Il se termine enfin par une réflexion sur la possibilité de son acclimatation au Japon sur un mode populaire et non technocratique.
Vom Frieden ausgeschlossen?
Authors: Dröber Axel
Published: January 2025

Die auf der Pariser Friedenskonferenz angestrebte nationale Homogenisierung der aus dem Krieg hervorgehenden Nationalstaaten wirkte sich auf die Staatsangehörigkeit der von Grenzwechseln betroffenen Gebieten aus. In Elsass und Lothringen, die 1919 zu Frankreich zurückkehrten, führte der Friedensvertrag zu einer Trennung zwischen alteingesessenen Elsässern und Lothringern sowie deutschen Immigranten. Wurden in die Staatsbürgerschaft nur Erstere aufgenommen, blieben Deutsche von der vollen Integration ausgeschlossen. Der Beitrag geht der Einbürgerung nach, die der Vertrag mit Blick auf die deutsche Bevölkerung auf den Weg brachte. Suchten die Betroffenen die Verfahren in ihrem Sinne auszulegen, so bildeten sich in der administrativen Umsetzung divergierende Logiken und widersprüchliche Wahrnehmungsmuster im Hinblick auf Zugehörigkeit ab. Die Deutschen standen sowohl vor dem Hintergrund des gerade zu Ende gegangen Krieges als auch im Zusammenhang mit der nachlassenden Demographie und ausländischen Immigration allgemein im öffentlichen Fokus. Die mit dem Friedensvertrag in Gang gesetzte Reform der Einbürgerung schlug sich schließlich dauerhaft auf die Institution der Naturalisation nieder.
“Dame tu fuerza, Pegaso”: cultura televisiva, música africana, copia e intertextualidad en el género de la champeta criolla
Authors: Gualdrón Ramírez Andrés
Published: January 2025

La champeta es un género musical del Caribe colombiano surgido en el contexto de las fiestas barriales y populares de la región. Reconocido por imitar y copiar diversas músicas africanas y de las Antillas, a partir de los 90 sus canciones combinan estos reciclajes de música afrodiaspórica con referencias a la cultura popular televisiva global. El presente artículo se interesa por estos ejercicios intertextuales y su sentido dentro de las dinámicas históricas y económicas del género, su relación con algunas prácticas amplias de las músicas negras y sus tensiones con el control de la mímesis impuesto globalmente a través del derecho de autor. Se proponen, finalmente, algunas conclusiones sobre el papel cultural y creativo que juegan las contravenciones a estas normas en contextos de informalidad económica.
Virginia Woolf’s “New School of Biographies” and Eighteenth-century Life-Writing: a Sense of Kinship
Authors: Thirriard Maryam
Published: January 2025

Woolf was often critical of the way biographers practiced their art and the instances of her commendation of them are rare. However, in the 1920s, it became clear to her that a stark change had come over the way lives were being written. This resulted in her 1927 essay “The New Biography” in which she praises Harold Nicolson as well as Lytton Strachey for making it new. Woolf brings these life-writers together in what she calls a “new school of biographies” (“The New Biography”). At the same time, her essay provides a lengthy history of the genre and Woolf takes her readers back in time to Boswell’s The Life of Samuel Johnson, connecting him to the New Biographers and their narrative techniques. This paper explores the way in which Woolf, Lytton and Nicolson describe, through their criticism of biography, the eighteenth century as being a golden age for biography, in accordance with the principles Woolf set in her essay “The New Biography”. The assessment of the relation these New Biographers’ maintained with the previous centuries shows that their hostility towards the Victorian age was not an indiscriminate loathing of the past. On the contrary, as can be perceived in Woolf’s essay on the revolution in biography, she and her fellow modernist biographers intend to draw a bridge between the art of biography of their time and that of the eighteenth century. This paper examines the dynamic of instability the New Biographers created between old and new forms in modernist life-writing.
Reviving/Revising “Lycidas”: Virginia Woolf’s Elegy to Unborn Poets in A Room of One’s Own
Authors: Laniel Marie
Published: January 2025

The epitome of late Renaissance pastoral elegy, “Lycidas” haunts many a Modernist poem or novel, from The Waste Land to Ulysses, as a contested subtext, the expression of a poetics of grief that could no longer hold after the First World War, and yet whose grip on the Modernist imagination remained strong. A Room of One’s Own is no exception: Woolf’s allusion to Milton’s poem in the liminal section of her essay, when she introduces the issue of women’s denied access to education, unfulfilled aspirations and unexpressed talent, is all but gratuitous. Whereas, in “Lycidas,” John Milton mourns a young aspiring poet who died prematurely, and thus strives to leave his mark on a long-established tradition, Woolf finds herself in the paradoxical position of mourning female poets who never came to existence, because “they had no tradition behind them,” a loss for which there can be no aesthetic compensation. To offer an alternative to the canonical, androcentric configuration of pastoral elegy, Woolf symbolically untwines the wreath of artistic consecration, woven in the opening lines of “Lycidas,” and returns the image of the laurel crown to its metamorphic instability: the flight of Daphne as unlimited creative potential and endless pursuit.
High Speed Transmission Characteristics on Glass Interposer for High Performance Computing
Authors: Kuramochi Satoru , Tanaka Masaya
Published: January 2025

Electronic product becomes smaller and lighter with an increasing number of functions. The demand for high density and high integration becomes stronger. Interposers for system in package will became more and more important for advanced electronic systems.

Silicon interposers with through silicon vias (TSV) and back end of line (BEOL) wiring offer compelling benefits for 2.5D and 3D system integration; however, they are limited by high cost and high electrical loss. On the other hand, glass has many properties that make it an ideal substrate for interposer substrates such as; ultra high resistivity, adjustable thermal expansion (CTE) and manufacturability with large panel size. Furthermore, glass via formation capabilities have dramatically improved over the past several years. Fully populated wafers with >100,000 through holes (50 micron diameter) are fabricated today with 300 micron thick glass.

The application of glass interposer for highly integrated module requires ultra-low loss transmission characteristics as substrate material, we will build interposers with fine pitch TQVs(Through Quartz Vias) with metallization coupled with double sided routing distribution layers utilizing low loss dielectric polymer layers.

This paper firstly reports high frequency characteristics of Fused Quartz Glass as core substrate for glass interposer. The basic structure will consist of coplanar waveguide (CPW) on top of a quartz substrate with TQVs connecting top to the bottom side of the circuit.

In next section, measurement result of insertion loss using low loss polymer dielectrics on transmission line structure. We also demonstrate fine pitch line and space under 2um wiring on Glass. Insertion loss of ultra fine transmission lines measured by vector network analyzer.

The modeling result of eye diagram discussed for 2.1D high speed applications.
Die-to-Die Interconnect Design and Simulation for 2.3D Organic Interposer Package
Authors: Muir Cindy , Waidhas Bernd , Bacha Abdallah , Hanna Carlton , Keser Beth
Published: January 2025

For high performance compute (HPC) applications, the disaggregation of large silicon SOCs into smaller silicon elements has been shown to have benefits in both silicon manufacturing yields and design scalability. The silicon elements are re-aggregated using advanced packaging technologies with high bandwidth die-to-die connections. This investigation uses a parallel multi-channel I/O interface to maintain a high data rate with minimal errors. Advanced packaging offers different physical medium options ranging from organic substrates (FCBGA) to silicon interposers and bridges (2.5D). This study focuses on organic interposers that use high-density fan-out copper redistribution layers (RDL) to interconnect adjacent ICs and to the underlying substrate. This ‘2.3D’ interposer technology is a sequentially manufactured stack of electroplated Copper layers and Polyimide dielectric layers. In this study several die-to-die 2.3D interposer designs with various RDL topologies were considered. In order to pass the electrical performance and ultimately ensure signal integrity, designers must pay careful attention to routing and grounding scenarios. The results will show that a staggered GSG approach passes the chosen signal integrity analysis by using 3D EM tools and circuit simulators.
Chemistry and Process Considerations for the Removal of Residues for Hybrid Bonding
Authors: Tyler Phillip , Cochran Ian , Fijal Jonathan , Taddei John , Workman Thomas , Suwito Dominik , Gao Guilian , Guevara Gabe , Fountain Gill , Uzoh Cyprian , Theil Jeremy , Mirkarimi Laura
Published: January 2025

Protective coatings are used throughout the industry to ensure the wafer surface and circuitry is not damaged during the dicing step. A significant amount of silicon dust and debris is generated during dicing and can land on top of the die if the surface is not protected. Removing dried-on silicon dust from a surface is very challenging, which makes protective coatings even more valuable. These protective coatings can vary greatly between companies but are typically a laminate, photoresist, or spray-coated organic film. Residual temporary bonding material from bonding to a carrier for the die thinning process can also be present on the wafer surface prior to apply the protective coating. Simultaneously removing the protective coating and bonding residues while the diced wafer remains on frame simplifies the process flow and enables subsequent bonding steps.

Careful consideration should be given when removing protective dicing coating and bonding residues. The first consideration is the chemistry used to remove the protective coating. The chemical needs to be capable of removing the coating in a short amount of time, while not attacking the dicing tape the wafer is attached to or any exposed circuitry (metals or dielectrics). The second consideration is the equipment set to be used to remove the protective coating. Some dicing equipment contains a cleaning module with an integrated pressure spray. However, these integrated cleaning modules typically don’t have much functionality and cannot handle any chemicals other than water. As wafer thicknesses approach sub-50 microns, increased functionality is required to ensure the thinned die are not damaged and ensure a residue-free surface. A high throughput and consistent cleaning of diced wafers on tape will enable high volume die package assembly manufacturing. The third consideration is how the wafer will be processed. Three traditional approaches to removing any protective coating are soaking a cassette of wafers in a bath, spraying each wafer individually, or a combination of soak and spray.

In this paper, the simultaneous removal of residual temporary bonding residues after a thinning process and a protective dicing coating was investigated. Cleaning efficiencies of four different chemical dispensing techniques (wall, aerosolized, high pressure, and a combination of high pressure and wall) were compared. The highest yielding technique was then applied to a combination clean of bonding residue and a protective dicing coating. Cleaning on film frame was performed with both 50 micron thick die and 200 micron thick die. Optical microscopy confirmation and bonding yield with electrical data demonstrated a high yielding clean process on both die thicknesses.
Setting the 600mm Large Panel Fan-Out Standard with M-Series ™
Authors: Sandstrom Cliff , Olson Tim , San Jose Benedict , Bishop Craig
Published: January 2025

As Fan-out wafer level packaging (FO-WLP) has gained familiarity throughout the electronics industry and semiconductor supply chain, rapid growth in demand for the technology continues. To create a large panel fan-out standard for future capacity, Deca established the 600mm x 600mm square large panel format in 2010 with first equipment and sample realization in 2013.

The 600mm square format was created with considerations for both short-term implementation and long-term optimized productivity. The ability to segment the 600mm format into four 300mm square sub-panels for use with conventional 300mm round wafer probe test equipment was a driving factor for the short term. Extending process capability for key lithography, metal deposition and other processes to the complete 600mm area provided a challenging, yet achievable target for equipment suppliers.

A comparison of the 300mm round baseline to various large panel formats is examined with a focus on economies of scale. Implementation strategies of the industry’s first high-volume chips first, chips up M-Series fan-out structure in a large panel format will be shared, including scaling Adaptive Patterning to 2µm line and space using mask-less laser direct imaging (LDI). The ability to implement breakthrough high-density interconnect in a large panel format with Adaptive Patterning providing precise real-time design and alignment of over 200 wires/mm/layer and 20µm area array bond pad pitch for multi-die chiplet devices will be presented.
Heterogeneous Integration: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Vardaman E. Jan
Published: January 2025

Agenda:

• what’s driving adoption of heterogeneous integration • many different HI options for HPC • TSMC’s CoWoS-S for HPC • Intel’s EMIB • IBM’s DBHi • SPIL FO-EB • Chiplets: key enabler for next 10-20 years
Adaptive High Density RDL Technologies for Panel Level Packaging
Authors: Böttcher Lars
Published: January 2025

The scaling from wafer-level to panel-

level is expected to be the next evolution of fan-out (FO) packaging.

However, there is still a technical gap between wafer front-end technologies and the PCB infrastructure. One major technological challenge to close this

gap is to lower the structure size of

lines and spaces (L/S) significantly.

While L/S is going smaller, panel size

is going up to 600 x 600 mm².

This paper will show the development

of 5µm L/S RDL routing density and

chips with 50µm bump pitch. Here, the

6x6 mm² dies are symmetrically

embedded into an organic laminate

matrix. A PCB core (100µm thickness)

with very low coefficient of thermal

expansion (CTE) containing laser cut

cavities is used, acting as a frame

layer. Besides mechanical and handling stability, the usage of such a frame

offers the advantage of pre-integrating additional features like local fiducials, through vias or power

lines by conventional PCB processes.

Within that frame, the dies are embedded by lamination of an organic build-up film with 25µm thickness

equal to bump height. The chip contacts are then opened without the need of any micro via formation. Here

a strong focus is set on RIE etching

of the polymer material.

Highly accurate measurement of the

real die position is essential for the

following processing. The formation of

the redistribution layer (RDL) is done

in a semi-additive process (SAP)

utilizing sputtering technique and

direct imaging (LDI). To achieve the

fine pitch demands, an adaptive

imaging process is applied. Therefore,

a newly developed LDI machine is used

to write structures in a 7µm photoresist. This exposure also

combines the measurement data of the real die position and the adaption of

the exposure artwork, in order to achieve highest registration quality.

The innovative developments of this

PLP demonstrator will be discussed in

detail.

The next step in development will

target to achieve 2µm L/S structure

size. First steps toward this goal

will be addressed briefly.
All that glitters on chest radiology is not tuberculosis
Authors: Mahawar Madhav , Anjutagi Shreeshail , Kulkarni Keertivardhan D. , Likhitha B.
Published: January 2025

This case report addresses the diagnostic challenges of tuberculosis (TB) in India, where many patients are misdiagnosed and may actually have other conditions, such as lung cancer. It details the case of a 64-year-old woman initially treated for TB, who was later diagnosed with adenocarcinoma after suffering side effects from antitubercular therapy. This case report highlights the critical need for accurate diagnosis through comprehensive evaluations and multidisciplinary discussions to prevent unnecessary treatments, improve patient outcomes, and enhance quality of life.
Integrative approach in management of recurrent pilonidal sinus in a rare case of polycythemia vera
Authors: Dhalani Komal , Dudhamal Tukaram , Meghani Yogesh
Published: January 2025

Pilonidal sinus is a common surgical disease that affects young hairy adults involving characteristically the sacrococcygeal area. The best surgical method is being searched for the treatment of pilonidal sinus in terms of minimizing recurrence. A 35-year-old male patient consulted the outpatient department with complaints of pain and pus discharge from a previously operated scar at the natal cleft along with difficulty in sitting. The patient reported a history of recurrent pilonidal sinus for which he was operated on twice in 2020 and 2021, so the case was diagnosed as a recurrent case of pilonidal sinus. Preoperative blood investigations revealed that the patient had polycythemia vera with idiopathic etiology. The patient was advised for phlebotomy and then excision of the tract of the pilonidal sinus was done under local anesthesia. After excision, the wound was kept open for healing by secondary intention. Along with that, two sittings of Jaloka Avacharan were done during treatment to improve healing. Daily dressing with Haridra powder was done. The wound was completely healed within 40 days. After complete healing, the patient was advised for laser epilation. No recurrence was observed up to 2 years after complete healing, and the patient is advised further follow-up to check recurrence.
Responders to biologics in severe uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a multicentric observational real-life study
Authors: Mortuaire G , Béquignon E , Daveau C , Papon J-F , Lecanu J-B , Favier V , de Gabory L , Vandersteen C , Castillo L , Saroul N , Vérillaud B , Carsuzaa F , Rumeau C , Jankowski R , Michel J , de Bonnecaze G , Escabasse V , Coste A , Lefèvre G , Malard O
Published: January 2025

Background: Clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of biologics in treating chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, real-world evidence regarding patient outcomes and predictors of clinical response remains limited. Methodology: In this multicentric 18-month follow-up study, 326 adult patients who initiated biologic therapy for severe uncontrolled CRSwNP were included. Patient characteristics, including clinical and inflammatory markers, and comorbidities were collected at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months of follow-up. We examined success rates based on current guidelines and identified potential factors associated to clinical response at 6 months. Results: We observed a significant decrease of Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test-22 (SNOT-22) from a median score (interquartile range) of 60.5 (47-74) at baseline to 26.0 (11-41) at 3 months. A significant decrease of nasal symptoms and endoscopic nasal polyp score was observed at 3 months. After 6 months of biologic treatment, 59% of patients were classified as excellent responders according to the EUFOREA-EPOS 2023 criteria. Multivariate analysis revealed a suggestive association between baseline eosinophil blood count, type of biologic and an excellent response at 6 months. Conclusions: This real-world study confirms the effectiveness of biologics as an add-on therapy in patients with severe uncontrolled CRSwNP. Biologics lead to rapid and sustained improvement in clinical symptoms. A significant proportion of patients exhibit an excellent response, with no need for systemic corticosteroids.
Dimensiones bioculturales en la trayectoria de una feria franca de agricultores familiares en la Patagonia Argentina
Authors: Longo-Blasón Melisa S. , Molares Soledad , Ladio Ana H.
Published: January 2025

Las Ferias Francas son espacios de gran importancia biocultural cuya permanencia y desarrollo en el tiempo dependen de la interacción de numerosos factores socio- ambientales, económicos y políticos. Este artículo busca: 1) reconstruir la trayectoria de la Feria Franca de Agricultores Familiares Nahuel Huapi y los principales hitos de su constitución; y 2) identificar las principales dimensiones que influyen en su dinámica y funcionamiento. La aproximación metodológica incluye observación participante, entrevistas en profundidad y etnografía virtual. Se discute la dirección de la feria en función de cuatro dimensiones principales: socio-política y organizativa; productiva; comunicacional y de cooperación; y de género. Se concluye sobre la importancia de la gestión de la incertidumbre mediada por la cooperación y los aprendizajes, principalmente entre mujeres, que facilitan la reorientación de las prácticas y las expectativas del colectivo frente a los desafíos que plantea un contexto socio-ambiental cambiante.
Entre la acción colectiva radical y la oportunidad sociopolítica durante el estallido social en Chile: el retorno de las tomas de terreno en la ciudad de Osorno (2019-2020)
Authors: Eyzaguirre-Jorquera Daniel , Mac-Clure-Hortal Óscar
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación se planteó como objetivo examinar el Estallido Social en Chile en el año 2019 como un acontecimiento que ofreció oportunidades sociopolíticas y produjo cambios en las subjetividades de un conjunto heterogéneo de actores sociales que lideraron el retorno masivo de acciones colectivas radicales por la vivienda como la toma de terreno y la organización de campamentos. El diseño de investigación consideró un enfoque metodológico cualitativo que incorporó como técnica de recolección de datos la ejecución de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados indican que el Estallido Social se configuró como un evento que activó marcos politizados de interpretación de la realidad social, generando una coyuntura específica que permitió el tránsito desde la aceptación tácita de la política institucional de vivienda, al cuestionamiento de la misma mediante nuevos procesos de tomas de terreno y organización de campamentos.
Coinfection of Leprosy and Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis in a Family with STAT1 Gain-of-Function Mutation
Authors: de Oliveira Rekowski Lais Lima , Caldas Gustavo Costa , Menezes-Silva Lucas , Santos Camilla Natália Oliveira , Magalhães Lucas Sousa , Cazzaniga Rodrigo Anselmo , dos Santos Nailson Alves , Santos Priscila Lima , Louzada da Silva Ricardo Luís , da Silva Angela Maria , Holland Steven M. , de Jesus Amelia Ribeiro
Published: January 2025

This report documents the first known cases of lepromatous leprosy in patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) linked to a gain-of-function mutation in the STAT1 gene. Two related patients, a mother and daughter, who both suffer from CMC and lepromatous leprosy, carry a heterozygous STAT1 mutation (c.821G>A; p.R274Q). Both individuals exhibited similarly high levels of total and phosphorylated STAT1 in CD4+ T cells and decreased interleukin 17A transcripts. This mutation underscores a complex relationship between genetic susceptibility to infections and the necessity to evaluate each case individually.
Legal Implications of Mining Corporate Social Responsibility Implementation in East Kalimantan Local Community Empowerment
Authors: Saputri Novia Ardana , Yulianingrum Aullia Vivi , Prasetyo Bayu
Published: January 2025

A form of responsibility that can be taken to reduce the impact of the mining business is the implementation of a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program. This study aims to analyze the legal implications of implementing the social responsibility of mining companies in empowering local communities in East Kalimantan. The research method used is normative juridical by implementing the Limited Liability Company Law which regulates CSR. The data collection technique uses a literature study with a historical and comparative approach. The results show that CSR is a program that must be implemented by companies operating in the field and/or related to natural resources under Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. CSR programs to empower local communities must be implemented under applicable principles, namely sustainability, accountability, and transparency. CSR programs are very important for the community's welfare, especially in the environmental, social, and economic fields. If this program is not implemented, it will harm the company, the environment, and the community. This program has been well implemented under the principles, laws, and regulations applicable by mining companies in East Kalimantan. The East Kalimantan Provincial Government has implemented a Clean and Clear program for mining companies that do not implement CSR.
The Effect of Marriage Age Limit Changes on Marriage Dispensation Granting by the Limboto Religious Court
Authors: Karim Fibriyanti
Published: January 2025

Changes to the marriage age limit stipulated in the Marriage Law are an important policy expected to overcome early marriage and protect children's rights. This study aims to analyze the application of marriage dispensation in the Limboto Religious Court after the amendment of the Marriage Law and evaluate the impact of the Constitutional Court Decision No. 22/PUU-XV/2017 on the number of marriage dispensation applications. The method used is normative legal research with a case and law approach and interviews with Limboto Religious Court judges. The study results show that although the purpose of changing the marriage age limit is to reduce early marriage and protect children's rights, there has been an increase in marriage dispensation applications at the Limboto Religious Court. Social, economic, and cultural factors are the main causes of many marriage dispensation cases. In conclusion, although this policy has positive aims, its implementation has not been effective in reducing the number of child marriages. Therefore, this policy needs to be further evaluated, emphasizing a more comprehensive approach, such as community education, strengthening the capacity of judges, and providing social support.
Evaluation of the Implementation of Pancasila Values and Human Rights Enforcement in Indonesian Judicial System Through Constitutional Approach
Authors: Saragih Geofani Milthree , Ishwara Ade Sathya Sanathana , Putra Rengga Kusuma
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the application of Pancasila values and the enforcement of human rights in Indonesia's judicial system through a constitutional approach. Using normative legal research methods, the approach taken includes analysis of legislation, conceptual studies, as well as case studies of a number of relevant Constitutional Court decisions. The results show that the values of Pancasila, particularly the second and fifth precepts, play a fundamental role as the philosophical basis in the application and interpretation of human rights principles in Indonesia. The Constitutional Court has a strategic role in safeguarding the constitution while ensuring the enforcement of human rights through progressive legal interpretation. However, despite these positive steps, challenges such as inconsistencies in lower court decisions and mismatches between the rule of law and the needs of society remain. This research recommends strengthening Pancasila-based legal education, harmonizing legal policies, and increasing the capacity of judges in integrating human rights with social justice principles holistically. The findings confirm that the judicial system, with a strong constitutional approach, can be an effective tool in realizing social justice in accordance with the values of Pancasila and the constitution.