bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vulnerability of a Top Marine Predator in One of the World’s Most Impacted Marine Environments (Arabian Gulf)
Authors: Lopez Bruno Diaz , Methion Séverine , Das Himansu , Bugla Ibrahim , Hameli Maitha Al , Ameri Hind Al , Hashmi Ahmed Al , Grandcourt Edwin
Published: March 2021

Knowledge of the habitat use of wildlife in highly impacted areas is essential to identify areas of biological importance and to implement appropriate conservation measures. The Arabian Gulf represents one of the most extreme marine environments and is considered one of the regions in the world with the greatest anthropogenic impact. Information on the habitat use and abundance of marine top predator species is however lacking, despite being a prerequisite for effective planning of conservation measures. Here, we provide novel information for the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) in the Arabian Gulf (Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates). Data from 80 daily surveys conducted between June 2014 and November 2019 were used both to assess correlates of bottlenose dolphin habitat use and relative density and to calculate mark-recapture abundance estimates. This study confirms the strong adaptability and tolerance of this top marine predator to extreme environmental conditions within a highly heterogeneous and impacted marine habitat. The observed preferences for areas with less human pressure were likely a result of the interactions of environmental factors with prey availability and human disturbance. This study also provides the first abundance estimates for a bottlenose dolphin population in the Arabian Gulf. Our findings support the call for increased marine protected areas and the creation of transboundary conservation areas in the region. Regional connectivity should be of value to marine predators whose wide distribution and vulnerability to human activities means that alteration of their habitats can result in population declines and eventual local or regional extinctions.
Magnetic Resonance Evaluation of Coronary Anatomy, First-Pass Myocardial Perfusion and Late Gadolinium Enhancement in children and Young Adults with Acquired and Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Adebo Dilachew , Brownlee John , de Alba Cesar Gonzalez , Berganza Fernando Molina , Morales John Mark
Published: March 2021

IntroductionCardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has expanded its role in the diagnosis and management of congenital heart disease and acquired heart disease in children. However, there are few studies evaluating the role of cardiac magnetic resonance delineating the anatomy of coronary arteries along with assessment of first pass myocardial perfusion in children. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the extensive use of CMR for delineating coronary anatomy, evaluating first pass myocardial perfusion and late gadolinium enhancement in children with acquired and congenital heart disease.MethodsA retrospective review of 81 consecutive CMR Whole Heart T2 Prep coronary angiography studies of patients with congenital and acquired heart disease that were performed from December 2013 to May 2015. Results of first pass myocardial perfusion study (at rest and with adenosine stress) and Late Gadolinium enhancement imaging findings were also reviewed.ResultsThe median age at the time of CMR was 14 years with range of 2 months to 35 years of age with 46 male and 35 female subjects. Tetralogy of Fallot was the most common pre CMR diagnosis with almost 30% (24/81) of all subjects, followed by suspected coronary artery anomaly in 18.5% (15/81) of all subjects. First pass myocardial perfusion defects were identified in 2.5% (2/81) of subjects. Delayed myocardial enhancement study was performed in 83% (67/81) of all patients, with an abnormal result identified in 28.3% (19/67) of these subjects. The left coronary origin, proximal course and proximal branches were visualized in 94% (76/81) of the subjects. The right coronary origin and proximal course was visualized in about 89% (72/81) of subjects. We found good diagnostic quality images in 90% (73/81) of the subjects. Abnormal coronary artery origin was observed in about 9% of all subjects (7/81). Coronary aneurysmal malformations were identified in 6% of all subjects (5/81). We were unable to visualize either one of the coronary arteries in about 9% of subjects (7/81) either due to patient movement during the study, metallic artifacts or extremely fast heart rate. ConclusionsCardiac magnetic resonance imaging can reliably evaluate the coronary anatomy, first pass myocardial perfusion defect and myocardial scar in a diverse group of patients with acquired and congenital heart diseases.
Pedicled Buccal Flaps as a Back-Up Procedure for Intraoral Reconstruction
Authors: Frohwitter Gesche , Kesting Marco Rainer , Rau Andrea , Weber Manuel , Baran Christoph , Nobis Christopher-Philipp , Buentemeyer Tjark-Ole , Preidl Raimund , Lutz Rainer
Published: March 2021

BackgroundIntraoral soft tissue deficiency and impaired wound beds are common problems after cleft and tumour surgery or after dental trauma. Frequently, limited defects are overtreated with extensive microvascular reconstruction procedures and pedicled flaps remain useful, as they are simple to harvest and provide a reliable outcome. The buccal flap, first described in the 1970s, has been used for palatine lengthening in cleft patients over decades. In the following we present an expanded indication in cases of palatal fistula, complex vestibulum, exposed bone in orthognathic surgery and osteoradionecrosis. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review and report on all buccal flaps harvested within the last three years. 16 buccal flaps were performed in 10 patients. The median age at the time of surgery was 42 years, reaching from 12 years up to 66 years. Results 14 buccal flaps were used for upper jaw or palatal coverage, two buccal flaps were used in the mandible.In terms of complications (four flaps; 25 %) there were two partial flap failures, one wound dehiscence and one wound dehiscence. There were no failures of the remaining mucosal flap islands after the cut of the pedicles.ConclusionThe buccal flap is a reliable and straight forward approach to challenging intraoral wound beds with soft tissue deficiency. We thoroughly discuss the additional indications for buccal flap surgery, describe the harvest technique and provide strategies to prevent intra- and postoperative complications.
Clinical Features of DIC According to the French-american-british (FAB) Classification in Patients With Acute Leukemia and Thrombomodulin Alfa Treatment – Cross-sectional Analysis of a Post-marketing Surveillance Study Cohort –
Authors: Seki Yoshinobu , Honda Goichi , Kawano Noriaki , Uchiyama Toshimasa , Kawasugi Kazuo , Madoiwa Seiji , Takezako Naoki , Ikezoe Takayuki , Wada Hideo
Published: March 2021

Background: The aims of this study were to analyze the clinical features of a large number of cases with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) associated with acute leukemia, and to clarify the safety and efficacy of thrombomodulin alfa (TM-α) using the French-American-British (FAB) classification of hematological malignancies.Methods: We retrospectively examined 644 patients with acute leukemia in post-marketing surveillance for TM-α.Results: M3, M2, M4, M1, and M5 subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and L2 and L1 subtypes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have been found more frequently among patients with DIC. Bleeding symptoms at baseline were more frequent in M3 and M7 subtypes. Fibrinogen concentrations were lower and plasmin-plasmin inhibitor complex values were higher in M3 and Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) ALL. Overall DIC resolution rate was 60.2% with higher rates in L1 and Ph+ ALL, lower in M1, and generally higher in ALL than in AML. The overall survival rate was 79.8%, generally high, with higher survival rates in L3, Ph+ ALL, and M3. In M3 and M7, with high frequencies of pre-existing bleeding, TM-α improved bleeding symptoms. Post-administration DIC scores in each subtype were significantly improved compared with pre-administration scores, except in M6, M7, and MDS-overt AML.Conclusions: This study showed the clinical features of DIC associated with acute leukemia among FAB classifications and also elucidated the safety and efficacy profiles of TM-α by detailed classification based on the FAB classification in clinical practice.Trial registration: The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with DIC treated with TM-α between May 2008 and April 2010 were retrospectively analyzed by subgroup analysis of post-marketing surveillance data.
A Group-based Dual Trajectory of Depression and Anxiety in Older Adults: An 8-year Follow-up of Population-based Study
Authors: Cheng Yanzhao , Thorpe Lilian , Kabir Rasel , Lim Hyun Ja
Published: March 2021

Background: Depression and anxiety are common mental health conditions for elderly population. Understanding the trajectory developments of them will help us implementing treatments and interventions.Aims: This study aims to identify depression and anxiety trajectories in the elderly, evaluate the interrelationship of these conditions, and recognize trajectory-predicting characteristics.Methods: Group-based dual trajectory modeling (GBDTM) was applied to the data of 3,983 individuals, aged 65 years or older who participated in the Korean Health Panel Study between 2008 and 2015. Logistic regression was used to identify the association between characteristics and trajectory groups.Results: Four trajectory groups from GBDTM were identified in both the depression and anxiety outcomes. Depression has: “low-flat (87.0%)”, “low-to-middle (8.8%)”, “low-to-high (1.3%)” and “high-stable (2.8%)” trajectory groups. Anxiety has: “low-flat (92.5%)”, “low-to-middle (4.7%)”, “high-to-low (2.2%)” and “high-curve (0.6%)” trajectory groups. Interrelationship between depression and anxiety were identified. Members of the high-stable depression group were more likely to have “high-to-low” or “high-curved” anxiety trajectories. Female sex, the presence of more than three chronic diseases, and having income generating activity were significant factors in depression and anxiety.Conclusions: Dual trajectory analysis of depression and anxiety in older adults shows that when one condition is present, the probability of the other is increased. Sex, having more chronic disease, and income generating activity might be at increased risks for both depression and anxiety. Health policy decision-makers can use our findings in developing strategies for prevention of both depression and anxiety in older adults.
A Case Study- Monitoring and Inspection Based on IoT for STEP-NC Data Model
Authors: Ahmad Maznah Iliyas , Saif Yazid , Yusof Yusri , Daud Md Elias , Latif Kamran , Kadir Aini Zuhra Abdul
Published: March 2021

Cyber-Physical Machine Tools (CPMT) is currently recognized as a new generation of machine tools that align with Industry 4.0 needs as a smart, well connected, advanced accessibility, more adaptive and autonomous solution. It can be achieved through standardized design method and communication protocols. This article presents a case study on monitoring and inspection based on Internet of Things (IoT) for STEP-NC data model toward a CPMT. More specifically, the monitoring approach utilizing an IoT based monitoring architecture for machining process monitoring, while the inspection approach using a coordinate measuring machine for machined part inspection. The monitoring and inspection approaches can achieve high accuracy of machining process condition detection and enable measurement of machined parts to fulfil CPMT needs and I4.0. The case study validated that the developed monitoring approach performed well and was highly sensitive to any changes during the machining process, specifically on the tool condition. As per the inspection approach, the reliability of the machined model was 99.97%. Based on the results of both the approaches, it is confirmed that both tasks can be designed and support digital factory and other manufacturing process stages in the future such as preventive maintenance, inspecting, sizing, assembling, and others.
AKT Phosphorylation Promotes Chemoresistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Xiaodong , Chen Jing , Yang Yu , Qu Zhen , Lu Yunjie , Duan Yunfei
Published: March 2021

Aim: This study was aimed to explore the effects of AKT phosphorylation in the chemoresistance and cell viability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials & methods: We developed two taxol-resisted hepatocellualr cancer cells: TAX Resis HepG2 and TAX Resis SMMC7721. Results: Phosphorylation of AKT on Thr 308 was highly expressed in taxol-resisted HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells. AKT phosphorylation manipulated by MK2206 and SC79 were correlated with cell viability. Downregulation of AKT phosphorylation promoted the apoptos is and suppressed the migration ability of taxol-resisted HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells, which also could be rescued by activate the AKT phosphorylation via SC79. Conclusion: AKT phosphorylation manipulated by MK2206 and SC79 were correlated with cell viability, migration and apoptosis in taxol-resisted HCC cells.
Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy and Tension-Free Vaginal Tape-Obturator (TVT-O) Combined to Treat Cervical Cancer Complicating Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) and Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI): A Case Report
Authors: Ran Yu , Yi Qiang , Li Cong , Zhou Qin
Published: March 2021

Background: Combined cervical cancer and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is extremely uncommon and there is no standard treatment guideline for the complex comorbidity. We attempted to provide a treatment strategy and explore possible reasons for the comorbidities.Case presentation: We presented a 62-year-old patient seeking treatment for postmenopausal tissue prolapse and leakage of urine, physical examination revealed procidentia with a 2.5 cm papillary and erosive lesion that was pathologically confirmed as cervical squamous cell carcinoma in stage Ib2. Clinical diagnosis included cervical squamous cell carcinoma in stage Ib2, prolapse of the anterior and posterior walls of the vagina and uterine, stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and then she was performed radical surgery for cervical cancer and tension-free vaginal tape-obturator (TVT-O), the urine function was good after operation. The surgery solved two diseases at the same time that improve the QOL of patients while radically curing cervical malignancies.Conclusions: Surgical-based treatment seems to be more suitable that can cure the two diseases and improve the QOL. We should pay attention to the potential high incidence of HPV infection and HPV-related cervical cancer so that don't ignore the screening for cervical cancer in the prolapse group and initiate surgery treatment strategies of cervical cancer or pre-cancerous lesions as early soon as possible to reach an optimal outcome of patient.
Assessing US Registered Dietitians Knowledge and Perceptions of a Gluten-Free Diet: A Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Brannan Robert G. , Helton Hannah , Beverly Elizabeth A. , Murray Deborah , Russell Melissa
Published: March 2021

Background The practice of gluten-free diets is on the rise, evidenced by the increase in gluten-free sales from $2.8 billion in 2015 to a projected $7.6 billion in 2020. People with celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity are required to avoid gluten containing products. It is important that registered dietitians are knowledgeable about this topic due to the prevalence and popularity of the gluten-free diet by those with or without celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Methods A mixed methods approach using qualitative (focus group) was used to generate topics for a quantitative (survey) that assessed knowledge and perceptions of a gluten-free diet from a representative sample of 508 registered dietitians.ResultsOver 18% of respondents incorrectly identified gluten as a carbohydrate. Additionally, less than 80% of RDs correctly identified the presence or absence of gluten in semolina, spelt, kamut, and buckwheat. Regarding perceptions of a gluten-free diet, participants reported that the public is not aware of what gluten is, a gluten-free diet is not appropriate for the general public or weight loss, and the gluten-free diet is a fad when used outside of celiac disease and nonceliac gluten sensitivity.ConclusionsThere is a need for improved education of a gluten-free diet in the areas of sources of gluten, labeling, and gluten-related disorders among Registered Dietitians.
The sensitivity and specificity of the total prostate specific antigen test in prostate cancer screening: A Short report
Authors: Banyeh Moses , Zogli Kervin Edinam
Published: March 2021

Objective: The total prostate specific antigen (TPSA) test is still widely used in Ghana for PCa screening due to its simplicity and logistical challenges in the healthcare sector. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of TPSA in PCa screening in Ghana. Results: This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted at the Department of Urology of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital between January 2018 and December 2019. The study involved 69 male patients with histologically confirmed BPH or PCa. The study population was between 45 to 104 years. BPH patients constituted 74% (51/69) while 26% (18/69) were PCa patients. Venous blood samples were collected before the prostate examination and analysed for TPSA. The BPH group was statistically compared with the PCa group in terms of age and TPSA levels. The TPSA was significantly elevated in PCa (P=0.001). Univariate [OR: 8.684(1.757-42.927)] and multivariate [aOR:10.544(2.001-55.562)] analysis showed that TPSA was positively associated with PCa; but this association was only moderate (AUC:0.78, P<0.001) with a sensitivity of 83.3%, specificity 64.0% at a cut-off value of 20.0ng/ml. The TPSA test has only moderate performance in PCa screening and should always be complemented by a second screening test.
SWalker: a robotic platform for hip fracture rehabilitation
Authors: Costa Vanina , Ramírez Óscar , Perea Luis , Velásquez Alexánder , Otero Abraham , Rocon Eduardo , Raya Rafael
Published: March 2021

BackgroundHip fracture is one of the most common traumatisms associated with falls in the elderly, severely affecting the patient's mobility and independence. The treatment involves hospitalization and prolonged rehabilitation periods with high costs which are associated with an increased mortality rate due to health complications. In recent years, the use of robotic applications has proven to be effective in gait rehabilitation, especially for neurological disorders. However, there is a lack of research in robotic rehabilitation focused on hip fracture of elderly people. This paper presents the design and validation of a novel robotic platform for hip rehabilitation called SWalker aimed at improving the rehabilitation of this condition.MethodsThe performance of the SWalker platform was assessed at Albertia Servicios Sociosanitarios S.A. nursing homes. Preliminary functional validation of the SWalker platform was carried out with five healthy elderly subjects and two physiotherapists. Clinical validation was conducted with 34 hip fracture patients. The control group (n = 24, age = 86.38 ± 6.16, 75% female) followed conventional therapy, while the intervention group (n = 10, age = 86.80 ± 6.32, 90% female) was rehabilitated using SWalker. Physiological parameters, and functional assessment scales such as FAC and Tinetti were collected at the beginning and at the end of the intervention. Gait recovery and rehabilitation process indicators were also gathered.ResultsSWalker had a good acceptability in the functional validation (final scores > 85), as measured by the System Usability Scale. In the clinical validation, the control group required 68.09 ± 27.38 rehabilitation sessions compared to 22.60 ± 16.75 in the intervention group (p < 0.001). Patients in the control group needed 120.33 ± 53.64 days to reach ambulation, while patients rehabilitated with SWalker achieved that stage in 67.11 ± 51.07 days (p = 0.021). FAC and Tinetti indexes presented a larger improvement in the intervention group when compared with the control group (p = 0.007 and p = 0.01, respectively).ConclusionsThe SWalker platform can be considered an effective tool to enhance autonomous gait and shorten rehabilitation therapy in elderly hip fracture patients. This result encourages further research on robotic rehabilitation platforms for hip fracture.Trial registrationThis study was performed under the protocol “SWALKERS17”, approved on January 15, 2019 by the Local Ethical Committee of Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Public trial registration ISRCTN28049001 on February, 25 – Retrospectively registered, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN28049001.
Combination of Na-Ca-phosphate and fluorapatite in wollastonite-diopside glass-ceramic: degradation and biocompatibility
Authors: Mahdy Ebrahim A. , Ahmed Hanaa Y. , Farag Mohammad
Published: March 2021

In this study, we investigated the effect of introducing sodium calcium phosphate (NCP), fluorapatite (FA), or the combination of both phases in the wollastonite-diopside (WD) bioactive glass-ceramic system on the crystalline phases formed, microstructure, degradation, and biocompatibility of those materials. The prepared materials were characterized by DTA, XRD, and SEM/EDX. Moreover, the density was measured via Archimede’s method, and the mechanical properties were measured by Vicker’s microhardness indenter. The in vitro bioactivity test was carried out in the simulated body fluid (SBF), and the cell viability test was evaluated using the Vero cells. The results showed that the formed crystalline phases were close to the starting proposed phases. Moreover, NCP-containing WD glass-ceramic was showed the lowest density value due to its low densification, and accordingly, it showed the lowest Vicker`s microhardness value due to the same reason. Furthermore, combining sodium calcium phosphate in WD glass-ceramic was increased cell viability better than that included fluorapatite, whereas, the combination of both crystalline phases in WD glass-ceramic led to an increase in the cytotoxicity to the highest value. In conclusion, different properties of wollastonite-diopside glass-ceramics can be tailored by the combination of NCP or FA, and hence, these glass-ceramic materials can be modified effectively according to the purpose for which it is intended to be applied. The obtained results indicated that different properties of WD glass-ceramic materials can be tailored by the combination of NCP and/or FA. Hence, these glass-ceramics are expected to be useful materials in promising biomedical applications, such as orthopedics and dentistry.
Methods to support evidence-informed decision-making in the midst of COVID-19: Creation and evolution of a rapid review service from the National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools
Authors: Neil-Sztramko Sarah E. , Belita Emily , Traynor Robyn L. , Clark Emily , Hagerman Leah , Dobbins Maureen
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 public health crisis has produced an immense and quickly evolving body of evidence. This research speed and volume, along with variability in quality, could overwhelm public health decision-makers striving to make timely decisions based on the best available evidence. In response to this challenge, the National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools developed a Rapid Evidence Service, building on internationally accepted rapid review methodologies, to address priority COVID-19 public health questions. Each week, we receive requests from public health decision-makers and frame the prioritized topics into searchable questions. We develop and conduct a comprehensive search strategy and critically appraise all relevant evidence using validated tools. We synthesize the findings into a final report that includes key messages, with a rating of the certainty of the evidence using GRADE, as well as an overview of evidence and remaining knowledge gaps. Rapid reviews are typically completed and disseminated within one to two weeks. As of February 25, 2021, we have answered more than 27 distinct questions and completed 21 updates as new evidence emerged. The overview of our process, presented here, provides a real-world example of how review-level evidence can be made available – rapidly and rigorously, and in response to decision-makers’ needs – during an unprecedented public health crisis.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE RS801460-POLYMORPHISM IN THE SRA1 GENE AND THYROID NODULES AMONG UKRAINIAN WOMEN WITH PROLIFERATIVE TYPE OF BENIGN BREAST DYSPLASIA WITHOUT ATYPIA
Authors: Lukavenko I.M. , Kolnoguz A.V. , Kyrychenko M.O. , Ataman O.V. , Harbuzova V.Yu.
Published: March 2021

As it was revealed, the greater part of the human genome is represented by non-coding sequences. They also include long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). SRA1 is one of its representatives. This lncRNA affects steroid hormones receptors by activating their transcriptional activity. Thereby, SRA1 can be involved in pathogenesis of steroid-responsive tissues tumors.
ROLE OF PATHOGENIC PROTEINS AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IN THE OCCURRENCE OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
Authors: Denysenko A.P. , Haikova O.O. , Moskalenko R.A.
Published: March 2021

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia affecting up to 70% of all patients with dementia. Currently, the relevance of this neurodegenerative disease has increased due to its prevalence and lack of etiological and effective treatment. The consequence of this is an increase in the number of studies and scientific works aimed at studying this disease. The aim of the study was to analyze and systematize data on the prevalence, socioeconomic significance, theories of origin, as well as the role of pathogenic proteins in the development of Alzheimer's disease.
The authors searched for information in electronic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, with scientific papers and articles from the last 25 years on such key terms as Alzheimer's disease, β-amyloid, tau-peptide, metals, inflammation, S100 proteins.
There are more than 56 million people with Alzheimer's disease in the world and the risk increases with age. Among the causes of death, Alzheimer's disease ranks sixth, and the costs of care about person with this diagnosis are three times higher than for other diseases in the same age group. That is why this issue has significant socio-economic significance. Many hypotheses have emerged in recent decades. For a long time, the theory of β-amyloid aggregation and the theory of tau protein were considered main, but later the priorities began to change.
It has been found that the presence of pathogenic microorganisms can pose a risk for Alzheimer's disease. Also, some studies indicate the role of acetylcholine in the development of the disease, however, clinical trials have not confirmed this. There is a violation of metal homeostasis, which contributes to cognitive deficits and the development of neurodegeneration. Microglia, astrocytes and neurons are involved in the inflammatory process in Alzheimer's disease. There is a vicious circle when Aβ causes vascular insufficiency, which in turn leads to an increase in Aβ accumulation. Also there is evidence of a direct relationship between oxidative stress and neuronal dysfunction.
Undoubtedly, pathogenic proteins, including Aβ-peptide, tau-peptide and proteins of the S100 family, play a leading role in the development of Alzheimer's disease.
Despite numerous studies, the causal or consequential role of various pathological factors and changes in Alzheimer's disease is still ambiguous and inconsistent. All this gives grounds for further scientific research in this direction.
The Effects of PDE Inhibitors on Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of in vitro and in vivo Models
Authors: Ainatzoglou Alexandra , Stamoula Eleni , Dardalas Ioannis , Siafis Spyridon , Papazisis Georgios
Published: March 2021

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and immune-mediated disease,
whose current therapeutic means are mostly effective in the relapsing-remitting form of MS, where inflammation
is still prominent, but fall short of preventing long term impairment. However, apart from inflammationmediated
demyelination, autoimmune mechanisms play a major role in MS pathophysiology, constituting a
promising pharmacological target. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors have been approved for clinical use in
psoriasis and have undergone trials suggesting their neuroprotective effects, rendering them eligible as an option
for accessory MS therapy.

Objective:

In this review, we discuss the potential role of PDE inhibitors as a complementary MS therapy.

Methods:

We conducted a literature search through which we screened and comparatively assessed papers on
the effects of PDE inhibitor use, both in vitro and in animal models of MS, taking into account a number of inclusion
and exclusion criteria.

Results:

In vitro studies indicated that PDE inhibitors promote remyelination and axonal sustenance, while curbing inflammatory cell infiltration, hindering oligodendrocyte and neuronal loss and suppressing cytokine production. In vivo studies underlined that these agents alleviate symptoms and reduce disease scores in MS animal models.

Conclusion:

PDE inhibitors proved to be effective in addressing various aspects of MS pathogenesis both in
vitro and in vivo models. Given the latest clinical trials proving that the PDE4 inhibitor Ibudilast exerts neuroprotective
effects in patients with progressive MS, research on this field should be intensified and selective
PDE4 inhibitors with enhanced safety features should be seriously considered as prospective complementary
MS therapy.
Review on Pharmacological and Phytochemical Prospects of Traditional Medicinal Plant: Persicaria hydropiper (Smartweed)
Authors: Nasir Abdul , Khalil Atif A.K. , Bhatti Muhammad Z. , Ur Rehman Ashfaq , Li Jiayi , Parveen Zahida
Published: March 2021

Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbre (family Polygonacea), commonly known as Polygonum
hydropiper, is a popular medicinal plant used in traditional medicine. The plant is indigenous
to the tropical northern hemisphere and temperate zone, including China, Bangladesh, India,
and Japan. The plant is used in folk medicine for numerous ailments such as hemorrhoids, antifertility,
diarrhea, and dyspepsia. Its medicinal usage in Unani, Ayurveda, Siddha, and other traditional
medicine is well-recognized. So far, a wide range of active phytochemicals of this plant has been
identified, such as flavonoids, sulphated flavonoids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, steroids, coumarin,
simple phenolics, and others. Pharmacological data reported in the literature suggest that
various parts of P. hydropiper exhibit antimicrobial, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, antidepressant, cardioprotective,
hepatoprotective, anticancer, and antifertility effects. The present review aims to
compile the coherently document research on the phytochemical, pharmacological, and biological
activities of P. hydropiper from different parts of the globe.
Muslims of Siberia and the Far East in the Civil war
Authors:   Tyumen state University, Alexander Pavlovich Yarkov
Published: March 2021

The history of the Muslims of Siberia and far East during the civil war is not thoroughly investigated. Meanwhile, the processes are interesting, and trend-defining. They are important for understanding what happened in the subsequent Soviet decades. Religion during the war of-ten performed the criterion of ethnic and linguistic identity. This was reflected in naming units (for example – Muslim company, Muslim council, Muslim orphanage). There were few Muslim units of RCP (b) and RKCY where the formation of Soviet personnel managers was on the way. Thus, the ‘Muslims’ marker not only played the role of konfessionism. One could observe a preserved ‘floating’ ethnicity: some siberians defined themselves according to tukhum names, and only then as the Tatars (Bukharians, Bashkirs, Kazakhs), but, in the view of the believers and others – as ‘Muslims’ always.
Analisis hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan kedisiplinan siswa sekolah dasar
Authors: Kumalasari Larasaty Indah , Kusrahmadi Sigit Dwi , Herwin Herwin
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan kedisiplinan siswa kelas tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif korelasi ex-post facto. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas tinggi SD Negeri se-Gugus Barenglor yang berjumlah 374 siswa dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 193 siswa yang ditentukan menggunakan rumus Slovin. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan skala psikologi. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan skala kedisiplinan dan kecerdasan emosional. Instrumen ini diujicobakan kepada 159 responden. Uji validitas instrumen menggunakan validitas isi dengan teknik expert judgement, sedangkan daya beda dihitung menggunakan korelasi aitem total terkoreksi. Uji reliabilitas menggunakan rumus Alpha Cronbach. Uji prasyarat analisis menggunakan uji normalitas dan linearitas. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif antara kecerdasan emosional dengan kedisiplinan.
Nasljedna trombofilija
Authors: Baumgartner Petra , Valković Toni
Published: March 2021

Pojam trombofilija podrazumijeva nasljedne i/ili stečene poremećaje sustava zgrušavanja krvi koji predisponiraju razvoj tromboze. Nasljedna trombofilija obuhvaća stanja u kojima naslijeđene genetske mutacije dovode do abnormalne količine ili funkcije proteina uključenih u sustav koagulacije, što za posljedicu može imati povećanu sklonost venskim i, znatno rjeđe, arterijskim trombozama. Nedvojbeno definirana nasljedna trombofilna stanja nedostatak su antitrombina, proteina C i proteina S te pojava faktora V Leiden i protrombinskih varijanti. Još uvijek ne postoje jednoznačne preporuke za testiranje nasljedne trombofilije, a profilaksa i liječenje tromboembolijskih događaja moraju biti individualizirani.
Comparing an eHealth Program (My Hip Journey) With Standard Care for Total Hip Arthroplasty: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Saunders Rosemary , Seaman Karla , Emery Laura , Bulsara Max , Ashford Catherine , McDowall Judith , Gullick Karen , Ewens Beverley , Sullivan Trudy , Foskett Charlotte , Whitehead Lisa
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

The role of eHealth programs to support patients through surgical pathways, including total hip arthroplasty (THA), is rapidly growing and offers the potential to improve patient engagement, self-care, and outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to compare the effects of an eHealth program (intervention) versus standard care for pre- and postoperative education on patient outcomes for primary THA.

METHODS

A prospective parallel randomized controlled trial with two arms (standard care and standard care plus access to the eHealth education program) was conducted. Participants included those who underwent THA. Outcome measures were collected preadmission, at 6 weeks, and at 3 and 6 months after surgery. The primary outcome was the Hip Dysfunction and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. Secondary outcomes were a 5-level 5-dimension quality of life measure and the self-efficacy for managing chronic disease scale. Demographic and clinical characteristics were also collected. A satisfaction survey was completed by all participants 6 weeks after surgery, and those in the intervention arm completed an additional survey specific to the eHealth program.

RESULTS

A total of 99 patients were recruited: 50 in the eHealth program (intervention) and 49 in standard care (control). Clinical improvements were demonstrated in both groups across all time points. Per-protocol analysis demonstrated no differences between the groups for all outcome measures across all time points. Participants in the eHealth program reported that the program was accessible, that they felt comfortable using it, and that the information was helpful.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated that the eHealth program, in addition to standard care, had no additional benefit to THA recovery compared with standard care alone. The study found that the eHealth program was highly valued by participants, and it supported the preoperative preparation, recovery, and postoperative rehabilitation of participants.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12617001433392; http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=373657
Pemanfaatan Database Sekolah ABC untuk Profile Matching Rekomendasi Kompetisi bagi Siswa
Authors: Jasuma Agung
Published: March 2021

Era revolusi industri 4.0 ditandai dengan gencarnya pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dalam berbagai kegiatan. Salah satu fokus dalam era industri 4.0 adalah pemanfaatan kecerdasan buatan dalam hal menyelesaikan masalah dan menjalankan kegiatan yang sering dilakukan. Dalam penelitian ini penulis berfokus untuk menyelesaikan masalah pada salah satu kegiatan yakni dalam hal pendidikan. Masalah yang diangkat pada penelitian ini adalah bagaimana meningkatkan keaktifan siswa dalam mengikuti kompetisi, dengan memanfaatkan kecerdasaan buatan serta pengembangan database untuk menangani perpindahaan dari mading manual ke suatu platform. Kecerdasan buatan yang dimaksud adalah DSS untuk memberikan rekomendasi kompetisi yang sesuai minat siswa dengan memanfaatkan data yang ada pada database sekolah. Metode yang digunakan untuk memberikan rekomendasi adalah GAP dengan mencocokan minat siswa dan informasi kompetisi yang ada pada mading. Dalam penerarapan metode GAP terdapat 4 indikator yang dijadikan acuan atau bobot, yakni kegiatan tambahan siswa, jenis buku yang dipinjam siswa, nilai sekolah yang sesuai dengan jenis mading, dan kompetisi yang pernah diikuti. Berdasarkan prototype yang dirancang dan pengujian dengan beberapa siswa, penelitian ini menghasilkan 15/20 hasil rekomendasi yang sesuai dengan minat siswa, dengan tingkat presentasi 75%.
SISTEM PENUNJANG KEPUTUSAN UNTUK PROMO BUNDLING PRODUK DENGAN METODE SAW DAN APRIORI
Authors: Rini Rini , Yuliani Enie , Sriyati Sriyati , Kusrini Kusrini
Published: March 2021

Strategi pemasaran dengan bundling atau kombinasi beberapa produk yang dijual dalam satu paket sedang marak dilakukan oleh toko online maupun offline. Bundling produk tidak bisa dilakukan secara asal, perlu alasan mengapa produk tersebut dijual dalam satu paket. Beberapa yang perlu dipikirkan adalah: apakah paket produk tersebut akan banyak terjual jika dijual bersama-sama, dan produk apa yang seharusnya dibuatkan promo bundling. Penelitian ini berusaha memberikan solusi untuk pertanyaan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan sistem rekomendasi berbasis web yang dapat digunakan oleh para pemilik toko untuk membuat bundling produk. Terdapat fitur rekomendasi produk yang akan dibuatkan promo, pemilik toko memiliki kebebasan untuk memilih kriteria yang digunakan untuk pemilihan produk menggunakan metode SAW. Setelah mendapatkan daftar produk yang akan dibuatkan promo, pengguna akan dihadapkan dengan proses bundling produk menggunakan metode aturan asosiasi yaitu apriori. Pengguna diizinkan untuk menentukan minimum support atau minimal jumlah transaksi yang disyaratkan. Hasil dari sistem ini adalah rekomendasi bundling produk sesuai dengan produk yang terpilih dari kriteria yang diinputkan oleh pengguna sistem. Data ditampilkan urut berdasarkan hasil perkalian nilai support dan confidence tertinggi. Berdasarkan pengujian sistem yang telah dilakukan, sistem ini dapat berjalan dengan baik dan memudahkan pengguna/pemilik toko untuk membuat bundling produk sesuai dengan kriteria yang diinginkan.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA GREEDY UNTUK MENENTUKAN RUTE TERPENDEK ANTAR KLINIK GIGI
Authors: Furqan Muhammad , Nasution Yusuf Ramadhan , Nurdianti Taing Sapitri
Published: March 2021

Kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah indikator kesehatan masyarakat. Adanya masalah kesehatan pada gigi dan mulut menyebabkan penurunan fungsi kesehatan individu. Masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut disebabkan oleh kebiasaan seseorang menyikat gigi secara tidak teratur. Banyak pilihan yang dapat dibuat untuk sampai ke lokasi di mana klinik gigi terdekat diinginkan, tetapi ada keadaan di mana klinik gigi yang direncanakan tidak buka. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan rute terpendek untuk sampai ke klinik gigi lain. Data dalam bentuk jarak, waktu dan rute untuk sampai ke klinik gigi yang diinginkan diambil dari peta Google, dengan total 10 simpul untuk diterapkan ke peta (maps). Untuk hasil peta, sebuah algoritma digunakan, dalam hal ini algoritma Greedy digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah menemukan rute terpendek. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari klinik gigi terdekat dengan titik awal yang dicari menggunakan algoritma Greedy itu menghasilkan total jarak, waktu perjalanan dan titik yang dilalui.
Effet insecticide des extraits aqueux d’Euphorbia Guyoniana (Euphorbiaceae) récoltée dans Oued Sebseb (Sahara algérien) sur le Tribolium Castaneum
Authors:   Laboratoire de Mathématique et Sciences Appliquées, Université de Ghardaïa, B.P 455, Ghardaïa, 47000, Algérie., Kemassi A. ,   Laboratoire de Protection des Écosystèmes en Zones Arides et Semi Arides Université Kasdi-Merbah, Ouargla., BP511 Ouargla 30000 Algérie, Herouini A. ,   Laboratoire de Mathématique et Sciences Appliquées, Université de Ghardaïa, B.P 455, Ghardaïa, 47000, Algérie.,   Laboratoire de Protection des Écosystèmes en Zones Arides et Semi Arides Université Kasdi-Merbah, Ouargla., BP511 Ouargla 30000 Algérie, Hadj S. ,   Département des hydrocarbures UniversitéKasdi-Merbah, Ouargla., BP511 Ouargla 30000 Algérie, Cherif R. ,   Laboratoire de Mathématique et Sciences Appliquées, Université de Ghardaïa, B.P 455, Ghardaïa, 47000, Algérie., Ould Elhadj M. ,   Laboratoire de Protection des Écosystèmes en Zones Arides et Semi Arides Université Kasdi-Merbah, Ouargla., BP511 Ouargla 30000 Algérie
Published: March 2021

L’étude réalisée porte sur l’effet insecticide des extraitsfoliaires et racinaires d’EuphorbiaguyonianaBoiss. &Reut. (Euphorbiaceae), récoltées dans Oued Sebseb, Sahara septentrional Est Algérien sur les imagos de Triboliumcastaneum(Herbst, 1797). (Coleoptera-Tenebrionidae). L’extrait aqueux d’Euphorbiaguyoniana engendre une mortalité de 100% sur la population traitée. Ce pourcentage de mortalité est atteint au bout de moins 10 jours.L’estimation de la concentration d’efficacité 50 (CE50) et 90 (CE90) montrele fort effet insecticide de ces préparationsvis-à-vis des imagos de Triboliumcastaneum. Pour le lot d’insectestraitéspar l’extrait foliaire, lesvaleurs de CE50 et CE90 rapportées sont de l’ordre de 0,0158mg/ml et 0,0322mg/ml respectivement,et de 0,0186 mg/ml et 0,0394mg/ml pour l’extrait racinaire,respectivement. L’évaluation des temps létaux 50 (TL50) montre que les deux extraits d’Euphorbiaguyoniana ont une rapidité d’action particulière vis-à-vis des imagos de Triboliumcastaneum.
On the Fixation or Non-Fixation of Adaptive Inversions
Authors: Charlesworth Brian , Flatt Thomas
Published: March 2021

Several recent publications have stated that epistatic fitness
interactions cause the fixation of inversions that suppress
recombination among the loci involved. Under this model, however, the
suppression of recombination in an inversion heterozygote creates a form
of heterozygote advantage, which prevents the inversion from becoming
fixed by selection. This process has been explicitly modelled by
previous workers.
Cerebral salt wasting syndrome caused by severe traumatic brain injury: pediatric case report and review of the literature
Authors: Daghmouri Mohamed Aziz , Oueslati Maroua , Touati Mohamed Amine , Faten Olfa , Zakhama Sameh , Rebai Lotfi
Published: March 2021

Following acute traumatic brain injury, cerebral salt wasting (CSW)
syndrome is considered as an important cause of hyponatremia apart from
syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. Differentiation between
the two syndromes is crucial for the initiation of an adequate
treatment. So we report a pediatric case.
Integrated production of an influenza A vaccine candidate with MDCK suspension cells
Authors: Bissinger Thomas , Wu Yixiao , Marichal-Gallardo Pavel , Riedel Dietmar , Liu Xuping , Genzel Y , Tan wen , Reichl Udo
Published: March 2021

Seasonal influenza infection waves occur both in northern and southern
hemispheres every year. Despite the differences in influenza virus
surface antigens and virulence of seasonal subtypes, manufacturers are
well-adapted to respond to this periodical vaccine demand. Due to
decades of influenza virus research, the development of new influenza
vaccines is relatively straight-forward. Nevertheless, compared to the
recent Covid-19 pandemic where a vaccine is not yet available, influenza
vaccine manufacturing would be a major bottleneck for the rapid supply
of billions of doses required worldwide. In particular, egg-based
vaccine production would be difficult to schedule and shortages of other
egg-based vaccines with high demands also have to be anticipated. Cell
culture-based production systems enable manufacturing of large amounts
of vaccines within a short time frame and expand significantly our
options to respond to pandemics and emerging viral diseases. In this
work, we present an integrated process for the production of inactivated
influenza A virus vaccines based on a MDCK suspension cell line
cultivated in a chemically defined medium. Very high titers of 3.6
log10(HAU/100 µL) were achieved using fast growing MDCK cells at
concentrations up to 9.5 × 106 cells/mL infected with influenza
A/PR/8/34 H1N1 virus in 1 L stirred tank bioreactors. A combination of
two membrane-based chromatography steps enabled full recovery for the
virus capture and up to 80 % recovery for the virus polishing step,
respectively. Purified virus particles showed a homogenous size
distribution around a mean diameter of 80 nm. Based on a monovalent dose
of 15 µg hemagglutinin (SRID assay), the level of total protein was 58
µg and the level of host cell DNA contamination was below 10 ng.
Furthermore, all process steps can be fully scaled up to industrial
quantities for commercial manufacturing of either seasonal or pandemic
influenza virus vaccines. Fast production of up to 300 vaccine doses per
liter within 4 to 5 days makes this process competitive not only to
other cell-based processes, but to egg-based processes as well.
Approximate controllability of nonlocal impulsive neutral integro-differential equations with finite delay
Authors: Jeet Kamal , Pandey Dwijendra
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we apply the resolvent operator theory and an
approximating technique to derive the existence and controllability
results for nonlocal impulsive neutral integro-differential equations
with finite delay in a Hilbert space. To establish the results, we take
the impulsive functions as a continuous function only, and we assume
that the nonlocal initial condition is Lipschitz continuous function in
the first case and continuous functions only in the second case. The
main tools applied in our analysis are semigroup theory, the resolvent
operator theory, an approximating technique, and fixed point theorems.
Finally, we illustrate the main results with the help of two examples.