bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing National Cohesion through Cultural Diversity in African Education Context
Authors: Chui Mary Mugwe
Published: May 2024

Africans and the world at large share common values of humanity. Lessons learnt from the recent COVID 19 pandemic, electoral differences in Kenya ongoing war in Ukraine and natural disasters like drought show that people in the world share such problems as one person. Education has have been used to reach mankind before and after these experiences. The weight of social pandemics, economical and psychological feelings among Kenyans and other Africans call for national cohesion and healing. Cohesion has been misconstrued with democracy, cultural diversity and human rights in Kenya and other African countries. Along the same vein educational curriculum has been blamed and teachers held to task on failing to address cultural diversity and cohesion in schools. The practicability of such a curriculum still hangs on the socio-economic balances of many African counties. This paper attempts to address National Cohesion in the higher Education context using cultural diversity as a tool for strengthening school governance, community partnership. The paper also attempts to identify Challenges and workable solutions of enhancing national cohesion. The paper concludes by observing lessons learnt in social skills and national cohesion in different forums. The paper recommends in-depth studies on social skill education and pedagogy, Continuous training of African professionals on social change and improvement of education and community partnership campaigns on cohesion.
Portfolio Assessment Strategy _ A 21st Century Education and Constructivists Pedagogic Mediated Students Evaluation
Authors: T. Odhiambo Karen
Published: May 2024

The shift in education to Assessment for Learning (AfL), formative verses summative evaluation in nature has resulted in a need for problem solution nexus between the practice of assessment and demands of the society to align with the 21st Century perspective of lifelong learning. The constant logic model of learning overtime of curriculum-pedagogy-assessment as informed by constructivist approach requires new approaches such as ‘Portfolios’ specifically ‘Portfolio Assessment.’ Conceptualization of the essence of 21st Century skills beyond discipline content is lacking. Consider cognitive efficiency and competencies as well as metacognitive awareness and skills as driven by the constructivist theory. The author would like to address these issues in this publication by harmonizing the thinking, providing knowledge, theoretical basis guiding practice, and products desired into a framework. The author will use the Portfolio Strategy as an avenue to demonstrate and explore attributes and themes alluded to in the write up.
Impacts of Armed Conflicts on Tourism in Protected Areas and Their Environment in Virunga National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Authors: Byemba Atosha , Ariya George , Hellen Ipara
Published: May 2024

Armed conflicts have been on the rise in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It harms the country’s destination image with respect to tourism. Evidence demonstrates that violence have a negative effect on demand for tourism. It is also documented that countries suffering from armed conflicts severely impair their economies since human life is frequently lost and growth is threatened. This research was undertaken in and around Virunga National Park and assessed the effects of armed conflicts on tourism activities. The target populations were local residents and key informants drawn from organizations operating in and around the park with a sample size of 255 respondents. This constituted 200 local residents who participated in the questionnaire survey, 40 who participated in focus group discussions, and 15 key informants. Stratified, Systematic, purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to select respondents. Structured questionnaires, interview schedules, observations and focus group discussions were used to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test goodness of fit with aid of SPSS. Results using graphs and tables showed areas mostly affected by armed conflicts were eco-tourism (97.9%), Cultural tourism (1%), Wildlife based tourism (0.5%) and Agro-tourism at 0.6%. While the most affected tourism activity was Gorilla trekking at 92.7%, accommodation and ascension of Nyiragogo. Conflicts decreased tourist arrivals and tourism activities in and around the park (X2=330.0,df=4,p˂0.0001). Recommendation was to reduce the conflicts further and remove the armed groups then reduce their impacts on tourism activities in addition effective implementation of laws ensuring equality on utilization of the resources and restriction of movements in and around the park.
COVID-19 E O SISTEMA PRISIONAL
Authors: Vinicio da Silva de Souza Wandrey , Santana Nogueira Rodrigo
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo busca abordar os impactos causados pela pandemia da Covid-19 no sistema prisional brasileiro, apontando os desafios enfrentados pelo poder estatal para conter a propagação do vírus entre os reeducandos. Para isso, examina as condições das instituições que contribuem para a disseminação do vírus, como a superlotação, falta de acesso a profissionais de saúde e a impossibilidade de distanciamento social entre os detentos, que tornam as prisões um terreno fértil para a propagação do vírus. Além disso, este artigo também analisa as medidas de segurança adotadas pelo poder público para reduzir os riscos de contaminação entre as pessoas privadas de liberdade e as implicações à proteção dos direitos à saúde deles. Por fim, concluiu-se que a pandemia da Covid-19 expôs as mazelas do sistema prisional que infringem a dignidade e os direitos humanos, pois os impactos causados pelo vírus não são apenas de ordem sanitária, mas também de violação de diversos direitos, como o acesso à saúde, cuidados médicos adequados e de uma infraestrutura adequada dentro dos presídios.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Macular Edema After Phacoemulsification in Southern Pakistan
Authors: Mehwish Ameer Lashari  , Saud Ul Hassan Memon  , Ghazi Khan Maree  , Shahnawaz Channa  , Narain Das  , Aamir Hussain
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the incidence and risk factors of macular edema (ME) after phacoemulsification at Institute of Ophthalmology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (LUMHS)/ Jamshoro Sindh.
Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Institute of Ophthalmology LUMHS, Jamshoro, during six months from December 2020 to June 2021. Patients who underwent phacoemulsification surgery for cataract removal, aged 18 years or older, both male and female patients with adequate follow-up post-surgery were included. All patients underwent Phacoemulsification, receive standard post-operative topical medication i.e, Moxifloxacin 0.5% and Prednisolone 1% (1 hourly for 1 week, and 4 times per day after 1 week). The patients were undergone routine follow up and were subjected to visual acuity measurement. The measurement of postoperative CME by SS-OCT was done 1 week postoperatively followed by 3th week and 6th week. All the information was entered ana analyzed into SPSS 26 version.
Results: A total of 96 patients, those who underwent phacoemulsification were studied; their mean age was 54.11 +8.97 years. Males were 58.3% and females were 41.7%. Out of all, 24.0% cases were diabetes, 8.3% were hypertensive. After surgery on 3rd post-operative week macular edema was found in 9.4% of the cases and on 6th post-operative week it was found in 19.8% of the cases. Post operative macular edema was found statistically significant according to diabetes mellitus and hypertension, (p = < 0.05), while it was statistically insignificant according to age, gender, ME in fellow eye and high myopia on 3rd postoperative week p-values were quite insignificant (p= >0.05), while macular edema (6th week) was found statistically significant according to age (p-0.038) while statistically insignificant according to gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ME in fellow eye and high myopia on 3rd postoperative week p-values were quite insignificant (p= >0.05).
Conclusion: As per study conclusion the occurrence of macular edema was observed to be the less frequent after phacoemulsification. Male gender, age more than 45 years and diabetes mellitus were observed to be the most common risk factors.
Participación de la mujer en los traspatios como alternativa de soberanía alimentaria
Authors: Román Montes de Oca Erika , Oviedo Valdovinos Ulises , García Flores Alejandro , Ayala Enríquez María Inés
Published: May 2024

Los traspatios son sistemas productivos que aportan a la alimentación de las familias; se consideran parte de las actividades del rol de las mujeres por ubicarse cerca del hogar. El objetivo fue analizar la participación de la mujer en la producción agrícola de traspatio como contribución a la soberanía alimentaria. Se realizó en dos localidades de Tlaquiltenango, Morelos, México. La metodología fue exploratoria - descriptiva, se aplicaron 31 entrevistas, grupos focales y recorridos de campo. Se observó  que las plantas comestibles representan el 45% y 29% en cada localidad lo que les da disponibilidad de productos del huerto a lo largo del año,  los excedentes los comercializan. Los traspatios contribuyen a la construcción de estrategias de soberanía alimentaria de las familias y representan una oportunidad de ingresos y ahorro para las familias.
IoT-based Tracking Cattle Health Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensors
Authors: Madhukara S  , Bhargavi A S
Published: May 2024

Maintaining the health of dairy cows is essential to raising the production of dairy products worldwide. Due to the numerous health problems that cows face, the unpredictability of disease outbreaks, and the high cost of producing new animals, dairy farmers are beginning to lose faith in the industry. To increase milk production, producers must thus employ effective technological methods for monitoring the health of their cows. This research examined many automated wireless sensor-based dairy cow health monitoring systems. The primary goal of smart surveillance systems based on wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in agricultural optimization is to continuously monitor the health of dairy cows. For interested farmers to keep an eye on their cattle's whereabouts throughout the day from many locations, this monitoring device needs to be deployed in both local and remote agricultural areas. A database would hold the information gathered by the automated system. Farmers can then use farm automation to acquire data so they can implement efficient farm management practices. Moreover, WSN is a low-cost tool designed specifically to detect diseases in dairy cows. This technological advancement in agricultural automation would help increase output by lowering the need for human intervention. This page provides an overview of all livestock tracking methods along with a summary of the problems and difficulties they face
Smart CCTV (Face Recognition Attendance)
Authors: Prof. Mahesh Dumbere  , Rizwan Khan  , Arpita Satpute  , Suraiya Pathan  , Shraavi Ramteke
Published: May 2024

The Facial Recognition Attendance System is a sophisticated software solution that employs OpenCV and Python to automate the process of attendance tracking in real-time. Designed to replace outdated manual methods, this system utilizes state-of-the-art facial recognition technology to accurately identify individuals as they enter a monitored space. Upon detection and verification, the system records the individual's attendance by logging their arrival time, thereby streamlining the attendance process. This method significantly enhances efficiency, reduces potential for error, and ensures a secure and contactless check-in experience. With its user-friendly interface and quick setup, the system is an ideal application for educational institutions, corporate offices, and public events that require reliable attendance management
Influence of Ingestion of Bicarbonate-Rich Water Combined with an Alkalizing or Acidizing Diet on Acid-Base Balance
and Anaerobic Performance
Authors: Chiron François , Thomas Claire , Bardin Joffrey , Mullie Florence , Bennett Samuel , Chéradame Jérémy , Caliz Laurine , Hanon Christine , Tiollier Eve
Published: May 2024

During high-intensity (HI) exercise, metabolic acidosis significantly impairs exercise performance. Increasing the body's buffering capacity through training and exogenous intake of alkalizing supplements may improve high-intensity performance. Manipulating water and diet intake may influence the acid-base balance. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of mineral water rich in bicarbonate ions (STY) or placebo water (PLA) on circulating biomarkers and anaerobic performance and to verify whether alkalizing (ALK) or acidizing (ACI) diet would modulate these effects. Twenty-four athletes, assigned either to ALK (n = 12) or ACI (n = 12) diet for four weeks, completed a 1-min rowing Wingate Test in a double-blind and randomized trial after one week of daily hydration (1.5 to 2L/d) with either STY or PLA. Blood samples were taken before and after each test, and urine samples were collected each week. Chronic consumption of bicarbonate-rich water significantly impacted resting urinary pH irrespective of alkalizing or acidizing dietary intake. STY induced a significant increase in blood pH, lactate, and HCO3- ion concentration post-exercise compared to PLA. Similar changes were observed when STY was associated with the ALK diet. In contrast, STY combined with the ACI diet only significantly affected urine pH and peak blood lactate compared to PLA (p < 0.05). No effect of bicarbonate-rich water was reported on anaerobic performance (p > 0.05). Our results suggest that consumption of bicarbonate-rich water alters acid-base balance during a warm-up and after HI exercise, could potentiate beneficial effects of an alkalizing diet on the acid-base balance after HI exercise, and reduces the acid load induced by an acidifying diet.
The Relation of On-Ice and Off-Ice Performance
at Two Different Performance Levels in Youth Ice-Hockey Players
Authors: Roczniok Robert , Stastny Petr , Novak Dominik , Opath Lukas , Terbalyan Artur , Musalek Martin
Published: May 2024

Ice hockey requires two levels of specific agility, involving different abilities, where the level of agility and their constraints might vary by the performance level. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the relationship level between on-ice and off-ice change of directional speed (COD) of youth hockey players at two performance levels. The study was conducted during the hockey season, including U16 elite players (n = 40) and U16 sub-elite players (n = 23). Both groups performed specific on-ice fitness tests (4-m acceleration, 30-m sprint, and 6 x 54-m tests, an on-ice Illinois agility test with and without a puck) and off-ice tests consisting of non-arm swing countermovement jumps (CMJs), broad jumps, and pull-ups. Pearson correlation showed that the acceleration performance of elite players was related to the CMJ (r = −0.46) and the broad jump (r = −0.31). Sub-elite players showed stronger dependence of the 30-m sprint on the CMJ (r = −0.77) and the broad jump (r = −0.43), the relation of pulls ups (r = −0.62) and the CMJ (r = −0.50) to the 6 x 54-m test, yet no association to acceleration. Elite players differ between off-ice and on-ice performance constraints, where their skating sprint is less related to their vertical and horizontal take-off abilities than in sub-elite players. Sub-elite players’ off-ice power determines their sprint and repeated sprint performance. COD performance of elite and sub-elite players is based on different conditioning constraints.
Devolución del recargo de apremio a un responsable cuando otro ha pagado principal, recargo e intereses
Authors: Puebla Agramunt Nuria
Published: May 2024

Esta sentencia de 31 de enero de 2024, dictada por la Sección 2.ª de la Sala de lo Contencioso-Administrativo del Tribunal Supremo, resuelve la pregunta formulada en Auto de 19 de abril de 2023 sobre cuál sería el procedimiento adecuado para obtener la devolución de un recargo de apremio satisfecho por un responsable tributario cuando resulta que otro responsable tributario de la misma deuda ya ha abonado previamente toda la deuda derivada, incluidos el recargo y los intereses, y son firmes tanto la providencia de apremio como el requerimiento de pago.
Inovação e religiosidade no Encontro de Jovens com Cristo (EJC)
Authors: Silva Emanuel Calebe Araújo , Santos Jardson Barrinha dos , Nascimento Joycelane Sousa do
Published: May 2024

Introdução. Neste artigo refletimos sobre a construção de sentidos que os jovens encontristas elaboram em torno de suas experiências no Encontro de Jovens com Cristo (EJC). Objetivo. O objetivo do estudo foi compreender como a produção de sentidos religiosos em jovens do EJC da paróquia Nossa Senhora do Perpétuo Socorro (PNSPS) constrói um diálogo entre a tradição católica e a inovação da evangelização. Metodologia. Utilizou-se da abordagem etnográfica para acessar o cenário das relações as quais as juventudes que fazem parte do EJC criam possibilidades de tecer novas posturas, relações e sentidos sobre os fenômenos sociais, sobretudo, no espaço religioso. Resultados e Discussão. Buscamos demonstrar como o EJC dialoga com as famílias dos jovens encontristas iniciantes, além de construírem suas identidades a partir de diálogos entre a sociedade civil ampla e as suas vivências na religião. Considerações finais. Os jovens interlocutores reconheceram que fazem parte de um manancial de opções religiosas que determina a diversidade desse campo. A pesquisa apontou que as famílias são importantes para a vivência da religiosidade, à medida que, ilustram a formação religiosa desde a infância ou sua negativa. Por fim, os sentidos de inovação e renovação referem-se à distância entre a ação e a tradição católica.
Avaliação de métodos de quebra de dormência em sementes de “pirunga” (Erythroxylum bezerrae)
Authors: Silva Júnior Jorge Henrique , Lex Leônidas Zeferino , Matos Fábio de Oliveira , Carvalho Giovana Maria dos Anjos , Pimentel Lara Beatriz Araújo , Lima Ana Karoline Silva Reis , Veloso Danille Vieira , Silva Sabrina Maria de Moura De Moura , Silva Camilly Beatriz Alves , Chagas Franciele Pereira
Published: May 2024

Introdução. A dormência é um mecanismo fisiológico natural, ecologicamente vantajoso para sobrevivência da espécie às condições adversas do meio ambiente, propiciando a distribuição da germinação de sementes no tempo e no espaço. Entender as características da dormência das sementes é indispensável para o trabalho de produção de mudas e plantio das espécies que se deseja conservar e ampliar os potenciais produtivos, principalmente de plantas que apresentem potencial econômico, ambiental e/ou que estejam em perigos de extinção. Objetivo. Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar experimentos para quebra da dormência das sementes de “pirunga” (Erythroxylum bezerrae Plowman), uma espécie ameaçada de extinção, visando obter informações que possam ser utilizadas na produção de mudas para o reflorestamento e/ou aproveitamento do seu potencial econômico futuro. Material e Métodos. O estudo foi realizado na região do “Vale do Sambito”, no município de Valença no estado do Piauí. As sementes foram coletadas, despolpadas e submetidas à quatro tipos de metodologias de quebra de dormência (despolpa, hidratação, imersão em ácido e choque térmico). Após a aplicação destes procedimentos, as sementes foram plantadas e observada a quantidade de indivíduos que germinaram. Resultados e Discussão. Constatou-se que as sementes de “pirunga” possuem algum grau de dormência. Dentre os métodos utilizados para a quebra de dormência, a hidratação e imersão em ácido até 20 mim foram as que apresentaram maior percentual de germinação de 75% e 60%, respectivamente. Considerações Finais. Pode-se concluir que a “pirunga” possui características específicas que controlam a germinação e mesmo os testes que possuem maior percentual de germinação, ainda apresentaram percentuais baixos de germinação para produção de mudas em larga escala para fins comerciais e de reflorestamento.
Examining the Socio-Cultural Dynamics: Religious Antagonism and its Effects on Community Cohesion in the Kambaata, Tembaro and Halaba Zones of Ethiopia.
Authors: Michael Adane Woldemariam , Nyandiwa Chrispine Ouma , Getui Prof. Mary N.
Published: May 2024

The study utilized the Conflict Perspective Theory developed by Sears (2008) as theoretical framework to analyze the impact of religious antagonism. The study employed a mixed-methods research approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis methods, the study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. This approach allowed for a nuanced exploration of religious antagonism and its effects on community living. The study targeted religious leaders and followers from the specified zones in Ethiopia, with a sample size of 384 respondents selected using cluster sampling techniques. The study utilized structured and unstructured questionnaires, individual interview guides, and focus group discussion guides as data collection instruments. The findings of the study revealed significant impacts of religious antagonism on the surveyed communities. Signs of division, such as the use of derogatory language and disparaging expressions among religious groups, were observed. Additionally, some Christian denominations were accused of projecting an image of salvation and pressuring followers of other faiths or denominations to convert, indicating tensions arising from religious differences.
Gene Modulation Effect on Phyto-Compound Expression
Authors: E. Itoandon Emoleila , Sunday Babatunde AKINDE , Oluwaseyi P OLANIYAN
Published: May 2024

Biocatalyst hydrolytic function, socio-economic importance and industrial relevance were identified in this investigation and the aim of the research was to determine effect of enzyme infusion on phyto-compounds yield and antimicrobial expression. The following activities were carried out to achieve the objective: i. construct of a hyperactive Bacillus subtilis sub specie using a modulation kit, ii. production of amylase, cellulase and pectinase using the successfully modulated strain, iii. Applying a consortium of the enzymes to infuse powdery samples of Calotropis procera Ait Leaf under synthase proximate conditions of pH 6 at 60oC for 1 hours, and iv. analysis on extract to ascertain phyto-compund yield and antimicrobial expression. The following results were recorded: i. infused extract with a consortium of catalysts showed high impact of 35% increment in secretion of terpenoids, flavonoids, anthraquinone, alkaloids, steroids, tannins, and saponins that were analysed and identified to be present compared to extracts of dimethyl ether, 70% ethanol, and methonal; ii. results also recorded high impact of boioactive agent expression against test strains with the following phyto-restraint articulations of 33.3mm, 28.6 mm, 30.4 mm, 31.6 mmm, 30.6 mm, and 22.3 mm for Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Candida albicans respectively against concentrates of dimethyl ether, 70% ethanol, and methanol used as controls. The outcome of this investigation demonstrated the significance of enzyme application in drug discovery toward alleviating challenges from pathogens causing progressive diseases that are influencing healthcare and overall environmental declination.
Cultural Literacy in Indonesian Language Learning for Foreign Speakers (BIPA): Overcoming Barriers and Fostering Language Proficiency with Cross-Cultural Understanding Issues
Authors: Tiawati Refa Lina , Kurnia Maya Dewi , Nazriani Nazriani , Annisa Witri , Harahap Safinatul Hasanah
Published: May 2024

This study explores the main challenges in teaching Indonesian language (BIPA) in international classrooms, particularly addressing the limited knowledge of Indonesian culture that learners encounter in BIPA. Another significant challenge is the constraint of materials and teaching strategies related to Indonesian culture, especially regional cultures, which may have an impact on BIPA instruction in Indonesia. The primary goal is to enhance the use of the Indonesian language among foreign learners through cross-cultural understanding and a cognitive approach that supports its implementation. This research also aims to identify the impact of community practices on language learning, believing that interaction within this community enhances students' language abilities. Using a linguistic phenomenology design, this study involves direct classroom observations supported by field notes, providing insights into interactions and teaching practices. Semi-structured interviews with instructors contribute to a deeper understanding of perspectives and challenges in teaching BIPA, particularly concerning cross-cultural understanding in its instruction. Findings indicate that not all BIPA instructors utilize cultural materials and strategies in teaching. However, with high levels of student knowledge about Minangkabau culture, such as food, art, clothing, and traditional houses observed in West Sumatra, gaps in their learning arise. Time management issues emerge as a significant concern affecting the effectiveness of teaching cross-cultural understanding in foreign language instruction. This research provides valuable insights for enhancing BIPA instruction in international classrooms, emphasizing the importance of understanding community practices in cross-cultural understanding in BIPA instruction.
Discourse of Consumer Perception: How Important is Halal Value Chain at Cosmetic Products for Women?
Authors: Sari Wina Diana , Safitri Rachmayati Eka , Melina Monika , Rahmat Wahyudi , Putri Afifah Nabila Syamima , Azizah Assufia
Published: May 2024

In the era of globalization, the rapid growth of economic, technological, and cultural aspects has significantly increased the living needs of the population. This research adopts a discourse analysis approach to explore the importance of Halal Beauty Products for Women in Indonesia, focusing on the halal supply chain management aspects within the cosmetics industry. Cosmetics have evolved into a primary necessity for enhancing women's beauty, contributing to the flourishing cosmetics industry in Indonesia. This qualitative research employs in-depth interviews with five respondents aged 17-22 to unravel consumer perceptions of Halal Beauty Products. Data collection utilizes semi-structured interviews, allowing for deeper exploration and potential adjustments to the interview process. Thematic analysis is applied to the gathered data, comprising positive reviews, celebrity endorsements, and the significance of kosher insignia in the adoption of halal cosmetics. The research identifies that while positive reviews and celebrity endorsements influence consumer perceptions, the halal symbol plays a crucial role due to limited consumer comprehension of the halal value chain. The halal logo emerges as a pivotal factor in instilling consumer confidence in the halal authenticity of cosmetics. In conclusion, consumer trust in halal cosmetics is influenced by the halal seal, endorsements, and positive reviews, even though awareness of the halal value chain remains limited among consumers. This discourse analysis sheds light on the dynamics of consumer perceptions, emphasizing the role of discourse elements in shaping trust in the halal cosmetics market.
Gambaran Budaya Batak dalam Novel Terminal Cinta Terakhir Karya Ashadi Siregar: Antropologi Sastra
Authors: M Asia , Ridwan Ridwan , Rembon Earline Griselda
Published: May 2024

The aim of this research is to find out what Batak culture is in the novel Terminal Cinta Akhir by Ashadi Siregar. The type of research used is qualitative research. In this research, data collection techniques were carried out using library techniques. This research data analysis technique was carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The novel Terminal Cinta Terakhir is studied using literary anthropology studies. The results of the research show that there are several Batak cultures contained in the novel Terminal Cinta Terakhir. Even though the story is set in Jakarta, Batak culture is well depicted in the novel. Batak culture in the novel exists in several aspects, namely cultural context, human and environmental interaction, identity and identification, and popular culture.
DESCARTE INCORRETO DE MEDICAMENTOS E SEUS IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS
Authors: Batista Daniela Celeste Novaes , Andrade Leonardo Guimarães de
Published: May 2024

O descarte de medicamentos incorreto tem condicionado muitos desastres ambientais. Medicamentos farmacêuticos tem a função de tratar doenças de todos os tipos de patologia. Com isso, a população vem tendo livre acesso a algumas medicações, as quais não precisam de um receituário médico e acabam consumindo mais medicamentos em relação ao necessário em suas casas. Essa tendência leva a um maior consumo de lixos e resíduos e, não tendo orientação de como descarta-los de maneira adequada, faz com que ocorra um crescimento da contaminação do meio ambiente. Pois, a forma mais comum desse descarte é jogando nas lixeiras, pias e vasos sanitários. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho é orientar a população sobre os possíveis meios de descarte de resíduos. A metodologia dessa pesquisa foi por métodos qualitativos entre 2011 a 2024. Conclusão o profissional farmacêutico é o melhor orientador nessas horas, contribuindo para o meio ambiente e esclarecendo dúvidas da população de como fazer o descarte de medicamentos vencidos ou em desuso.
Deep-Pathfinder: a boundary layer height detection algorithm based on image segmentation
Authors: Wijnands Jasper S. , Apituley Arnoud , Gouveia Diego Alves , Noteboom Jan Willem
Published: May 2024

Abstract. A novel atmospheric layer detection approach has been developed based on deep learning techniques for image segmentation. Our proof of concept estimated the layering in the atmosphere, distinguishing between pollution-rich layers closer to the surface and cleaner layers aloft. Knowledge of the spatio-temporal development of atmospheric layers, such as the mixing boundary layer height (MBLH), is important for the dispersion of air pollutants and greenhouse gases, as well as for assessing the performance of numerical weather prediction systems. Existing lidar-based layer detection algorithms typically do not use the full resolution of the available data, require manual feature engineering, often do not enforce temporal consistency of the layers, and lack the ability to be applied in near-real time. To address these limitations, our Deep-Pathfinder algorithm represents the MBLH profile as a mask and directly predicts it from an image with backscatter lidar observations. Deep-Pathfinder was applied to range-corrected signal data from Lufft CHM15k ceilometers at five locations of the operational ceilometer network in the Netherlands. Input samples of 224 × 224 px were extracted, each covering a 45 min observation period. A customised U-Net architecture was developed with a nighttime indicator and MobileNetV2 encoder for fast inference times. The model was pre-trained on 19.4×106 samples of unlabelled data and fine-tuned using 50 d of high-resolution annotations. Qualitative and quantitative results showed competitive performance compared to two reference methods: the Lufft and STRATfinder algorithms, applied to the same dataset. Deep-Pathfinder enhances temporal consistency and provides near-real-time estimates at full spatial and temporal resolution. These properties make our approach valuable for application in operational networks, as near-real-time and high-resolution MBLH detection better meets the requirements of users, such as in aviation, weather forecasting, and air quality monitoring.
The World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) over Spain
Authors: Navarro Enrique A. , Portí Jorge A. , Salinas Alfonso , Toledo-Redondo Sergio , Segura-García Jaume , Castilla Aida , Montagud-Camps Víctor , Albert Inmaculada
Published: May 2024

Abstract. A study to determine the detection efficiency and location accuracy of the Worldwide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) over Spain is presented by comparing data with those of the Meteorological Spanish Agency (AEMET), taken as a ground truth. The WWLLN operates a planetary distributed network of stations which detect lightning signals at a planetary scale. Very high currents from lightning strokes radiate strong Very Low Frequency (VLF) signals in the band 6–22 kHz, which are detected up to 10,000 km by the WWLLN stations. Two WWLLN stations operate in the Iberian Peninsula since 2012, which are supported by other stations at distances below 4000 km. The stations in the Iberian Peninsula are at a distance of around 800 km. This is a short distance in comparison with the typical distance between WWLLN stations in other areas, which is around 5.000–15.000 km. The WWLLN stations locate the time and position of the lightning stroke detected by triangulation, similarly as Global Positioning Systems do. Distances to each station are obtained by means of the time of arrival of the signal to the corresponding stations. A lightning detection is considered as a valid one when at least five stations detect it with a time and space coincidence with AEMET data of 0.5 s and 20 km, respectively. A study of the WWLLN performance for the whole area of Spain is carried out, obtaining that the detection efficiency of WWLLN is around 38 % with a location accuracy between 2 and 3 km. The efficiency for high energy strokes is considerable higher. The results obtained for Spain are better than those obtained in previous studies in other areas of the World, which may be caused by the high density of stations in the Spanish region and its surroundings. A study for two reduced regions with different geographic features is also considered to assess the possible influence of the different typology of storms on the network features. Finally, an application of the WWLLN data for three major storms in 2020, 2021 and 2022 in the Mediterranean area of Spain demonstrates that the WWLLN is well suited for tracking the time evolution of adverse meteorological phenomena.
Open boundary conditions for atmospheric large-eddy simulations and their implementation in DALES4.4
Authors: Liqui Lung Franciscus , Jakob Christian , Siebesma A. Pier , Jansson Fredrik
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Open boundary conditions were developed for atmospheric large-eddy simulation (LES) models and implemented into the Dutch Atmospheric Large-Eddy Simulation model. The implementation was tested in a “Big Brother”-like setup, in which the simulation with open boundary conditions was forced by an identical control simulation with periodic boundary conditions. The results show that the open boundary implementation has minimal influence on the solution. Both the mean state and the turbulent structures are close to the control simulation, and disturbances at the in- and outflow boundaries are negligible. To emulate a setup in which the LES is coupled to a coarser model, the influence of coarse boundary input was tested by smoothing the output of the periodic control simulation both temporally and spatially before feeding it as input to the simulation with open boundary conditions. When smoothing is applied over larger spatial and longer temporal scales, disturbances start to form at the inflow boundary and an area exists where turbulence needs to develop. Adding synthetic turbulence to the smoothed input reduces the size of this area and the magnitude of the disturbances.
Periods of constant wind speed: How long do they last in the turbulent atmospheric boundary layer?
Authors: Moreno Daniela , Friedrich Jan , Wächter Matthias , Schwarte Jörg , Peinke Joachim
Published: May 2024

Abstract. A non-investigated feature of the atmospheric turbulent wind, named periods of constant wind speed, is introduced and investigated. We hypothesize that such periods of constant wind speed are related to characteristic wind field structures (e.g., ramps or jets), which when interacting with a wind turbine may induce particular dynamical responses. Therefore, this study focuses on the characterization of the constant wind speed periods in terms of their lengths, probability of occurrence, and extreme events. Atmospheric offshore wind data are analyzed. Our findings reveal that the statistics of long constant wind speed periods are an intrinsic feature of the atmospheric boundary layer and show the challenging power law behaviour of extreme events, which depends on the local conditions and the precise definition of wind speed thresholds. A comparison to wind time series generated with standard synthetic wind models and to time series from ideal stationary turbulence suggests that these structures are not characteristics of small-scale turbulence but seem to be consequences of larger-scale structures of the atmospheric boundary layer, and thus are a typical multi-scale effect. Given the conclusive results, we show that the Continuous Time Random Walk model, as a non-standard wind model, can be adapted to generate the statistics of those periods of constant wind speed measured from the atmospheric turbulent wind.
Sydney’s residential relocation landscape: Machine learning and feature selection methods unpack the whys and whens
Authors: Bostanara Maryam , Siripanich Amarin , Ghasri Milad , Hossein Rashidi Taha
Published: May 2024

This study investigates household residential relocation timing, an aspect vital for transport and urban planning. Analyzing a high-dimensional dataset from 1,024 relocations in Sydney, Australia, the research contrasts ten machine learning survival techniques with three classical survival models. Results indicate that when classical models are paired with tree-based automated feature selectors, they align closely with machine learning outcomes. Notably, the GBM, XGBoost, and Random Forest models emerge as standout performers. The study provides a comprehensive comparison between automatic and manual feature selection, shedding light on variables influencing households’ duration of stay. While stacked ensemble modeling, which leverages predictions from various models, is used to enhance accuracy, the improvements are marginal, underscoring inherent modeling challenges, particularly the recurring issue of misclassifying specific pairs of households in the concordance index measure. A thorough feature analysis highlights homeownership as the foremost predictor, underscoring the importance of recent life events and accessibility features in relocation decisions. The research emphasizes the importance of considering the accessibility of both current and future homes in relocation models, with 20% feature significance in model outcomes. Building on these foundational insights, the study paves the way for a deeper understanding of individual decision-making processes in sustainable urban planning.
Studies on Densification, Baling and Expansion Characteristics of Paddy Straw1
Authors: S.D. Kulkarni  , S. Mangaraj
Published: May 2024

A baling machine developed earlier in the Institute (CIAE) was used for the study. The U-Clip welding method of tying the bales required only 60 s as compared to over 280 s in conventional baling and found economical with a cost of only Rs 1.93/bale. Compressibility and the expansion characteristics of paddy straw at 10-30% moisture levels were studied. The rate of expansion during first 30 seconds was maximum and it decreased rapidly after 5 min
Foot Valve Evaluation Using a Computerized Pump Testing Facility
Authors: K.S. Reddy  , K.D. Gharde  , A.C. Varshney  , D.M. Bhandorkar
Published: May 2024

Centrifugal pumping systems are mostly used as water lifting devices for irrigation. Foot valve is an important component of the pumping system. Five locally available foot valves were evaluated using a computerized pump testing setup. Four foot valves were of cast iron (CI) and the other was of poly vinyl chloride (PVC). The foot valves were tested in discharge range of 8 to 14 Is-' with a 5 hp standard monoblock pumpset. Friction head loss in foot valves and their effect on performance of pumping system were studied. It was observed that the head loss due to friction in the local foot valves was more (81%) than the foot valve meeting the design specifications. The power required to overcome the friction in local foot valves was 58% more than the foot valve meeting the design criterion
Computational Models for Average Air and Soil Temperature Predictions
Authors: K.K. Mishra
Published: May 2024

Long term data on soil temperature (ST) are most often not available and can be predicted from air temperature data for use in crop planning. Daily soil temperature data of morning and evening for three years (1970 -1972) and daily maximum and minimum temperature data for 20 years (1967 -1986) of Jabalpur were collected. Models were developed for computation of average Soil temperature (ST). ST during year using the daily morning and the daily evening ST of ith day of week over the period considered. The models were also developed for computation of the average air temperature of ith week using daily minimum and maximum temperature. Regression models were developed for estimation of average weekly ST from maximum, minimum, average air temperature or the parameters derived from air temperature. Mostly, average air temperature is used in predicting ST but the present study indicated that only average weekly maximum temperature could predict ST for all the weeks with greater accuracy. Thus, a single equation can predict ST for all the weeks when the average weekly maximum temperature is used as input parameter.
Modelling and experimental studies on water and solute dynamics in subsurface drained land: a review
Authors: Man Singh  , A K Bhattacharya  , A K Singh  , A Singh
Published: May 2024

Last 30 years of results on the application of simulation models with input from subsurface drained fields have been reviewed with special reference to desalinization and salinization with and without subsurface drainage; drainage effluent quality and space-time distribution of soil salinity and nitrogen losses via leaching and drainage effluent. Nutrient loss studies mostly considered leaching loss of nitrate N. Ammonium N loss was viewed to occur mainly through volatilization. India has a large coastal agricultural land with clayey soils, afflicted by salinity and sodicity. Such. an environment precludes normal route of N transformation. As a result, there may be ammonium losses via mass flow, causing an under-utilization of N - fertilizer. The review establishes the need of conducting model studies supported by field experimental data, for developing best management strategies both on land reclamation through drainage and application of N - fertilizer.
Ser Zurdo en el Tenis Aspectos Tácticos, de Enseñanza y Entrenamiento
Authors: Eng Doug , Kovacs Mark
Published: May 2024

El ser zurdo se ha considerado siempre una ventaja para el tenis debido al efecto y a los patrones tácticos. Las investigaciones recientes indican que tales ventajas son mínimas en el circuito profesional pero pueden existir también en el nivel club. La ventaja, según se indica, depende de la frecuencia, pues si los jugadores diestros se acostumbran a los adversarios zurdos, la ventaja se neutraliza. Aparentemente, entrenar frecuentemente con adversarios zurdos, con patrones tácticos para el servicio y el golpe de derecha, prepara mejor a los jugadores. Se presentan también recomendaciones tácticas, para el entrenamiento y la enseñanza.
Gender equality strategies at national association level. Examples of best practices in Central and South America
Authors: Ancalmo Cecilia , Zuluaga Fabiola , Miranda Macarena , Castro Patricia , Kahn Darlene
Published: May 2024

Gender equality is a crucial issue that transcends the boundaries of tennis and sport and affects society as a whole. Historically, tennis has been a pioneering sport when it comes to making clear and defending the rights of women in all walks of life. Regarding professional tennis, tennis has had great representatives in this field such as Billie Jean King who has been a pioneer in achieving gender equality in professional tennis. The ITF, for its part, launched the Advantage All campaign to generate a movement that would help visualize the existing situation in our sport. The objective of this article is to present the visions that some women related to tennis in different countries of Central and South America have about the different initiatives carried out. In addition, experiences, opinions, and perceptions regarding the different programs are shared. We hope this collaboration will be useful for all those interested in contributing to achieving gender equality in tennis.
Strategic approach for HPLC Method Development and Validation: Review
Authors: J. Vyas Amitkumar , U. Parmar Dhruvi , B. Patel Ashok , I. Patel Ajay , V. Dudhrejiya Ashvin , R. Shah Sunny
Published: May 2024

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is an analytical technique which is adept to separate, detect and quantify numerous pharmaceuticals and their related degradants. It is also used to identify and measure synthetic drugs, to minimise other impurities at the time of separation, and to separate manufactured medicines from drug-related contaminants. To improve the procedure, a number of chromatographic parameters were assessed. It is necessary to identify the best mobile phase, column, detector, buffer, wavelength, and gradient for the drug's compatibility and stability with degradants and contaminants. This study discusses the significance of RP-HPLC in the development of analytical methods, their techniques, and a brief overview of the key chromatographic parameters that must be tuned for effective method development.
Review on Semi Active Suspension System for Ride Comfort
Authors: Ranjit Vasant Rajale
Published: May 2024

This review article provides a thorough examination of the function and influence of semi active suspension systems in improving the level of comfort experienced during rides in the automobile sector. The paper explores the core concepts, types, and features of semi-active suspension technology, while also highlighting their differences and similarities with passive and fully active suspension systems. This study also examines the measures used to assess the level of comfort experienced during a ride, incorporating both objective and subjective factors. The research examines many components that impact ride comfort in semi-active suspensions, such as control algorithms, sensor technologies, and the effects of important vehicle and ambient variables. Moreover, it offers valuable information on performance assessment via both laboratory and field testing, as well as comparison studies with alternative systems. It also covers current improvements and the integration of the system with other vehicle systems. The study finishes by succinctly summarizing crucial ideas, emphasizing the importance of these technologies in augmenting both ride comfort and safety. Additionally, it solicits additional investigation and underscores the ramifications for the automobile sector, establishing the foundation for future progress and use in the realm of semi-active suspension systems.
Simulation of Hemoglobin and Oxyhemoglobin Dynamics Using a Robust Computational Technique
Authors: R. Kasthuri
Published: May 2024

In this study a robust computational technique is used for a better understand of the dynamics of hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin in human blood.[1] Results obtained using this technique helps to calculate SpO2 levels. The major goal of this research is to create a mathematical model that can explain how the concentrations of hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin change over time. A graphical representation has been arrived with the solution of the proposed model using R-K method and MATLAB tool.