bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New "Environmental Protection Law" and Enterprise Technological Innovation
Authors: Ren Jing
Published: August 2024

The revised Environmental Protection Law, effective January 1, 2015, was enacted to drive sustainable economic growth and facilitate the green transformation of heavily polluting enterprises. This study examines the law's impact on technological innovation within these enterprises and explores the underlying mechanisms. Using data from companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets between 2012 and 2019, a difference-in-differences (DID) model is employed to test the hypotheses. Findings show that the law significantly boosts the innovation capabilities of heavily polluting enterprises, with the most substantial effects observed in eastern regions, older companies, those with lower market concentration, and higher corporate governance levels. Further analysis reveals that the new Law compels heavily polluting enterprises to pursue technological innovation primarily by increasing financing constraints.
Brief Analysis on Research Progress of Recovery of Natural Gas Condensate
Authors: Zhang Kai , Chen Liqiong , Zhang Sisi , Huang Weihe
Published: August 2024

In recent years, China has increasingly emphasized the utilization of natural gas due to its near-zero pollution characteristics upon combustion, making it widely favored. Natural gas primarily consists of methane and other hydrocarbon gases, forming an important mixture. Besides using methane as fuel, other gases in natural gas can be separated and recovered through specific technologies for use in the chemical industry. The development of natural gas condensate recovery technology is influenced by various factors, including technical requirements, recovery equipment performance, and process parameter settings. Common recovery methods include condensation, adsorption, membrane separation, and cryogenic distillation, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Natural gas condensate recovery not only improves resource utilization and provides high-quality raw materials for the chemical industry but also promotes green development. Future technological innovations will continue to optimize the recovery process, reduce energy consumption and emissions, and further enhance the role of natural gas.
Descripción y registro legal de la variedad de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) var. Rojo Gustavo
Authors: Avendaño-Arrazate C.H. , Martínez-Bolaños M. , Porog-López K.M. , Reyes-Reyes A.L. , Martínez-Bolaños L. , García-Alamilla P.
Published: August 2024

El cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) es originario de zonas tropicales y se cultiva bajo sistemas agroforestales. Se conoce a nivel mundial tres grandes grupos genéticos; el grupo de los forasteros (frutos lisos a rugosos y semillas aplanadas de color rojo a marrón); el grupo de los criollos (frutos rugosos y semillas en su mayoría redondas de color rosa a crema) y la cruza de estos dos grupos dio origen al grupo de los trinitarios (frutos lisos y rugosos y semillas de aplanadas a redondas de colores de marrón hasta crema). De estos tres grupos, el más demandado por la chocolatería de origen es el tipo criollo que se caracteriza por su amplio y complejo perfil sensorial; sin embargo, a nivel mundial son muy pocos los cacaos criollos caracterizados y registrados con el objetivo de producir plantas certificadas de calidad lo que dificulta su trazabilidad desde el campo hasta el producto terminado.
Descripción y registro legal de la variedad de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) var. Tuzantán 2
Authors: Avendaño-Arrazate C.H. , Martínez-Bolaños M. , Porog-López K.M. , Porog-López K.M. , Reyes-Reyes A.L. , Martínez-Bolaños L. , García-Alamilla P.
Published: August 2024

El cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) es originario de zonas tropicales y se cultiva bajo sistemas agroforestales. Se conoce a nivel mundial tres grandes grupos genéticos; el grupo de los forasteros (frutos lisos a rugosos y semillas aplanadas de color rojo a marrón); el grupo de los criollos (frutos rugosos y semillas en su mayoría redondas de color rosa a crema) y la cruza de estos dos grupos dio origen al grupo de los trinitarios (frutos lisos y rugosos y semillas de aplanadas a redondas de colores de marrón hasta crema). De estos tres grupos, el más demandado por la chocolatería de origen es el tipo criollo que se caracteriza por su amplio y complejo perfil sensorial; sin embargo, a nivel mundial son muy pocos los cacaos criollos caracterizados y registrados con el objetivo de producir plantas certificadas de calidad lo que dificulta su trazabilidad desde el campo hasta el producto terminado.
¿Qué sabemos del valor nutricional de la semilla de chía?
Authors: Hernández-Rodríguez Martha , Ramos-García Alma A. , García-Zavala J. Jesús
Published: August 2024

Los malos hábitos alimenticios son un problema de salud pública que afectan a niños, adultos y ancianos en todo el mundo. Una persona puede alimentarse, pero nutrirse mal, en tal forma que cuando la ingesta de nutrientes no cubre las necesidades para que el cuerpo funcione bien, ocurren alteraciones como las enfermedades crónicas no infecciosas. La hipertensión, las enfermedades cardiovasculares, la diabetes y la obesidad son enfermedades crónicas relacionadas con el mal nutrirse. Entre estas enfermedades, la obesidad va en aumento. A nivel nacional, en 2018 según el INEGI, el número de adultos mayores de 20 años con sobrepeso incrementó en 75.8% con relación al 2012. Semillas no convencionales como la chía ayudan a mantener niveles saludables de lípidos séricos, pero esta información y el conocimiento de su valor nutricional aún no se despliega ampliamente entre la población.
Deception Strategies in Occupation Discourse: An Analysis of Napoleon Bonaparte’s Discourse during the French Campaign in Egypt (1798-1801)
Authors: Muhammed Hany
Published: August 2024

This paper entitled “Deception Strategies in Occupation Discourse: An Analysis of Napoleon Bonaparte’s Discourse during the French Campaign in Egypt (1798-1801)” investigates Napoleon Bonaparte’s discourse as a dangerous political practice through a reading inspired by Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) methodologies. It begins with identifying the contexts that embraced Bonaparte’s discourse and the participating parties. Then, it focuses on revealing the deception strategies employed: a) strategies creating the deceptive discourse, such as context reconstruction, silence, religious masks, and seductions, and b) fallacies, including fallacies of authority, power, evidence, and trivialization. One of the paper’s main findings is that Napoleon’s discourse was opportunistic and deceptive. It may have initially deceived its audience but failed to fulfill its functions due to violating the principles of dialogue and relying on distortion and deception.
(Theses in Grammar) The subject or object or located in the realm of the subject and object, the tilt. By Abu Nasr Yusuf bin Ali Al - Fadari From the scholars of the fifth century AH "Studied and Investigated"
Authors: Al-Manea Saud
Published: August 2024

The research is based on the investigation and study of theses in grammar in the subject or object or located in the realm of the subject and object, and with it the tilt by Abu Nasr Yusuf bin Ali Al - Fadari was alive in the fifth century on a unique copy, and it was required to achieve that the author of advanced linguists. He was praised more by those who knew him for his knowledge, literature, and language, and this verified text is the only impact that can be singled out of the writings of its author, It touches with the statement of the limit of the name of one of the doors possible individualization, and leaving it without investigation may miss its output again, and the text has contained the investigator useful words on tilting, and its causes, and inhibitions and anomalies, and on other sections such as sounds, and diphthongs. It showed to me that the author benefited from his predecessors, especially Sibawayh and Al - Farisi in the complement, and I worked hard to strengthen the link between his words and their words by mentioning him or referring to him. I have achieved work on a unique and good copy written in the life of the author, and I believe that its writer wrote it from the words of the author in one of his lessons or hopes, because it is not safe from errors in its language and style. I have produced the book according to the well-known principles of investigation, and to introduce the author and his scientific and literary status.
Effect of Temperature on Thermal Resistance of Salmonella Typhimurium in Simulated Wheat Gluten-Based Patty
Authors: Ng Hui Lin , Ahmad Nurul Hawa
Published: August 2024

Wheat gluten-based patty, known as ‘seitan’, is used for alternative meat products. However, repeated Salmonella outbreaks linked to flour raise concerns; therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of temperature on the thermal resistance of Salmonella Typhimurium in simulated wheat gluten-based patty at 60℃, 65℃ and 70℃. A mixture of water (100 mL), wheat gluten flour (75 g), canola oil (10 mL) and salt (1 g) were inoculated with Salmonella inoculum (1 mL). Samples (5 g each) were packed, flattened, and vacuum sealed in a double bag subjected to heat treatment before two subsamples were pulled at pre-determined time intervals for Salmonella survivor enumeration. A linear relationship between log reduction and heat treatment time was observed at all temperatures, indicated by Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), which was < 1.3. The D values were estimated using the USDA Integrated Pathogen Modelling Program (IPMP), and yielded 5.86, 3.34, and 2.00 min for 60℃, 65℃, and 70℃, respectively. The calculated z value was 12.4℃. Both D and z values obtained in this study were higher than the meat patty reported in the literature, suggesting the need for further investigations to design more effective thermal control to inactivate Salmonella in wheat gluten-based patty.
Physicochemical and Microbial Properties of Miracle Berry (Synsepalum dulcificum) Kombucha Tea Treated with Microwave Radiation
Authors: Hidzir Aida Nurin Nasril , Ismail Nor Akma
Published: August 2024

Miracle berry (Synsepalum dulcificum) is a plant with unique taste-altering properties, which converts the sour taste of foods into sweetness. Therefore, it is highly interesting to incorporate it into kombucha, a well-known fermented product. This study aims to evaluate the effect of microwave radiation (MR) on the physicochemical and microbial properties of miracle berry kombucha tea (MBK) treated with MR. In this study, 75% miracle berry and 25% black tea kombucha were subjected to MR at varying times (5s and 10s). The total soluble solid (TSS) and pH, color, colony count of acetic acid bacteria (AAB) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were determined. Results showed that the pH and TSS values decreased over time, with microwave-treated samples exhibiting higher values than the control. The microwave-treated MBK at 5s significantly (p<0.05) promoted the growth of LAB (0.00 to 5.70 CFU/mL) from day 0 to 7 but inhibited the growth of AAB. In conclusion, the observed fermentation throughout 7 days of storage potentially shortened the fermentation period, and MBK under 5s treatment potentially enhanced the LAB growth. This study can provide fresh perspectives on the effects of MR on kombucha quality and properties.
A Case Study :- The Role of Industrial Internships in Bridging the Gap between Hotel Management Education and Industry Requirements
Authors:   FHTM, Amrapali University, Haldwani, Joshi Mr Sumit , Negi Dr Vinod Singh ,   FHTM, Amrapali University, Haldwani, Tomar Mr Mayank ,   FHTM, Amrapali University, Haldwani, Sharma Mr Anil ,   FHTM, Amrapali University, Haldwani
Published: August 2024

Industrial training is a crucial element in hotel management education, providing students with the practical experience needed to apply the skills and knowledge they have acquired in their academic programs. This study aims to analyze the importance of industrial training in the hospitality industry, identify gaps between hotel management institutes and industry expectations, and assess the satisfaction levels of hotels with the performance of trainees during their internships. Additionally, it examines the impact of hotel management trainees on hotel operations. Methodology: Data were collected from employees of star-category hotels and hotel management students in Dehradun city. The results, derived from surveys and interviews, have been presented in tabulated form and illustrated with graphs. The findings reflect the perspectives of hotel staff and students who have successfully completed their industrial training. Findings and Discussion: The study reveals the significance of industrial training in shaping hospitality professionals and highlights the essential knowledge and skills required for a successful career in the industry. It also provides insights into the areas where hotel management education can be improved to better align with industry needs. The results are discussed in detail, offering valuable information for both academic institutions and industry practitioners. Key Words: Industrial Training, Trainee, Hospitality Management, Education Curriculum, Practical Knowledge, Academic institutions.
Implementing and Using CI/CD: Addressing Key Challenges Faced by Software Developers
Authors: Shanmukhi Bhaskara Sahithi
Published: August 2024

Software development teams that want to increase the calibre, dependability, and velocity of their software releases must implement continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) techniques. Developers must now overcome several obstacles as a result of this shift, including the necessity to automate testing and deployment procedures, uphold strict version control, and promote cooperation between the development, testing, and operations teams. This article looks at the main obstacles that developers face when implementing and using CI/CD, and it does so by analysing case studies and current industry research to shed light on real-world obstacles and possible solutions. Keywords Continuous Integration (CI), Continuous Delivery (CD), Automation, Version Control, Security Challenges, Test Automation, Scalability, Integration Complexity, Tool Compatibility, System Design, Resource Management, Skill Gaps, Workflow Vulnerabilities.
A Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) Algorithm for Throughput Maximization in IoT Networks
Authors: Shingare Rupali , Raghuwanshi Prof. Pankaj
Published: August 2024

Abstract—Computer and Wireless Networks have undergone a paradigm shift with the advent of big data. One of the most serious challenges of the present day networks in the medium access control domain is the rapidly increasing number of users and limited bandwidth. Hence multiplexing techniques which would utilize the available bandwidth resources effectively are being searched for. Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has emerged as one of the promising options for future generation multiplexing solutions. In NOMA, the signals are separated in the power domain which allows the simultaneous transmission at the same time and frequency range thereby augmenting the spectral efficiency. However, due to multipath fading effects, power level separation is often complex to implement in real time situations. In this paper, NOMA based transmission mechanism has been proposed which employs decision feedback equalization along with successive signal detection based on power level separation. To emulate a real life scenario, different path gains have been considered for near, average and far users in a typical cellular network. The performance of the proposed system has been evaluated in terms of the bit error rate both without and with the proposed system being used. It has been shown that employing the proposed system, the error performance of average and far users almost coincide with that of the near users thereby indicating the fact that all users in the NOMA based system can be detected with almost identical accuracy. Keywords—Medium Access Control (MAC), Non- Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), Power Separation, Decision Feedback Equalizers, Multipath Components, Bit Error Rate (BER).
WG-Alltag
Authors: Rackow Peter , Wehlitz Emilia
Published: August 2024

Der Fall wurde im WS 2022/23 in der Fortgeschrittenenübung im Strafrecht an der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen gestellt. Im Kern geht es um die Konstellation des kontaktlosen Bezahlens mit fremder EC-Karte, die noch nicht abschließend geklärt ist. Die Bearbeiter:innen mussten demgemäß mit Delikten, die als gesteigert schwierig empfunden werden, und dem Störgefühl der ernstlich im Raum stehenden Straflosigkeit umgehen. Zudem beinhaltet der Sachverhalt einen zweiten Teil, der mit den Beleidigungsdelikten einen ganz anderen Bereich betrifft, sodass nach Bewältigung der Zentralproblematik noch einmal »umgeschaltet« werden musste. Dem durchaus hohen Niveau der Aufgabenstellung sollen hier auch die etwas umfangreicheren Fundstellen zum Zweck des weiterführenden Selbststudiums durch die GRZ-Leser:innen Rechnung tragen.
Rechtsprechungsübersicht Öffentliches Recht
Authors: Backhaus Jonas
Published: August 2024

Rechtsprechungsübersicht Öffentliches Recht 1/23.
Rechtsprechungsübersicht Öffentliches Recht
Authors: Jansen Julian
Published: August 2024

Rechtsprechungsübersicht Öffentliches Recht 2/2023
Die fachspezifische Promovierendenausbildung auf Reisen
Authors: Jansen Julian , Schünemann Jakob
Published: August 2024

Die Juristische Fakultät Göttingen ermöglicht durch großzügige finanzielle Förderung seit dem Sommersemester 2022 Exkursionen von Promovierenden. In diesem Beitrag veranschaulichen Julian Jansen und Jakob Schünemann anhand der beiden bislang stattgefundenen Exkursionen deren Mehrwert für die fachspezifische Promovierendenausbildung.
Rechtsprechungsübersicht Zivilrecht
Authors: Becker Tim Konrad
Published: August 2024

Rechtsprechungsübersicht Zivilrecht 2/2023
Das Beschlussmängelrecht der Personen(handels)gesellschaft nach dem MoPeG
Authors: Behr Frederik
Published: August 2024

Im Juni 2021 verabschiedete der Bundestag das Gesetz zur Modernisierung des Personengesellschaftsrechts (MoPeG). Diese »Jahrhundertreform«  des Personengesellschaftsrechts trat zum 1. Januar 2024 in Kraft – und hat nicht zuletzt das Beschlussmängelrecht der Personen(Handels)gesellschaft tiefgreifend verändert; dessen nähere Analyse ist Gegenstand dieses Beitrages.
Rechtsprechungsübersicht Strafrecht
Authors: Priet Tim , Schütte Julius
Published: August 2024

Rechtsprechungsübersicht Strafrecht 1/2024
The effect of liquidity and company size on company value with profitability as a moderation variable
Authors: Kartika Yulia Elsa , Wiagustini Ni Luh Putu
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of liquidity and company size on firm value with profitability as a moderation variable. This study used 29 samples with 5 years of observation with the results of 145 observation samples in F&B companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2022. The analysis technique used in this study is Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA), using Eviews 11 software. The results show that liquidity has a positive effect on the value of the company, this finding shows that companies with high profitability can have higher company values, even with low liquidity. These findings are important for investors and creditors in making investment and credit decisions. For company management, it is recommended to optimize inventory such as ensuring that inventory levels remain ideal for smooth operations and low storage costs. Strict credit policies and incentives for faster payments should be implemented to accelerate the recovery of trade receivables.
Extensive Multilabel Classification of Brain MRI Scans for Infarcts Using the Swin UNETR Architecture in Deep Learning Applications
Authors: Oh Jaeho , An Hyunchul
Published: August 2024

Objective: To distinguish infarct location and type with the utmost precision using the advantages of the Swin UNEt TRansformers (Swin UNETR) architecture.Methods: The research employed a two-phase training approach. In the first phase, the Swin UNETR model was trained using the Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation Challenge (ISLES) 2022 dataset, which included cases of acute and subacute infarcts. The second phase involved training with data from 309 patients. The 110 categories result from classifying infarcts based on 22 specific brain regions. Each region is divided into right and left sides, and each side includes four types of infarcts (acute, acute lacunar, subacute, subacute lacunar). The unique architecture of Swin UNETR, integrating elements of both the transformer and u-net designs with a hierarchical transformer computed with shifted windows, played a crucial role in the study.Results: During Swin UNETR training with the ISLES 2022 dataset, batch loss decreased to 0.8885±0.1897, with training and validation dice scores reaching 0.4224±0.0710 and 0.4827±0.0607, respectively. The optimal model weight had a validation dice score of 0.5747. In the patient data model, batch loss decreased to 0.0565±0.0427, with final training and validation accuracies of 0.9842±0.0005 and 0.9837±0.0010.Conclusion: The results of this study surpass the accuracy of similar studies, but they involve the issue of overfitting, highlighting the need for future efforts to improve generalizability. Such detailed classifications could significantly aid physicians in diagnosing infarcts in clinical settings.
Dierenmishandeling: een signaal voor huiselijk geweld?
Authors: Enders-Slegers M.J.
Published: August 2024

Does animal abuse signal domestic violence?

The notion that animal abuse and domestic violence are related has been existing for centuries. Recent studies in the United States, Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand and the Netherlands report evidence for this relation. In the western world, more than 50% of families have pets. They are often valued as members of the family. It is obvious that pets can be victims of family violence as well. The relation between animal abuse and domestic violence has many manifestations. Abused women reported violence against their pets, reported that their children abused the pets. Abused children, especially severely abused and/or sexually abused children, are more often than other children animal abusers. Animal abuse is often related to other violent behaviour or severe criminal acts later in life. Besides, animal abuse is an early diagnostic marker for psychopathology. Animal abuse is always a signal of a problematic situation. A greater awareness of the possible link between animal abuse and domestic violence could contribute to saving men, women, children and animals from violent situations.
De privatisering van de bestrijding van zeeroof
Authors: Liss C.
Published: August 2024

Privatising anti-piracy services

In the past few years, an increasing number of Private Security Companies (PSCs) - also sometimes referred to as Private Military Companies (PMCs) - have emerged offering and conducting anti-piracy services. These companies offer services in addition to security provided by states and their government agencies. PSCs are today hired to provide anti-piracy services in different parts of the world, but mostly in strategically important waterways where piracy is a serious security concern. This article examines the employment of PSCs in two such waterways, namely the Malacca Straits and the Gulf of Aden, and discusses the risks, challenges and benefits of privatising maritime security.
Op zoek naar oplossingen voor Somalische piraterij
Authors: van Ginkel B. , Hemmer J. , Kamerling S. , van der Putten F.-P.
Published: August 2024

Pioneering for solutions to Somali piracy

Recent years have seen a surge in piracy in the Gulf of Aden, followed by growing international involvement in pursuing pirates off the Somali coast. The piracy problem is multifaceted and includes complex geopolitical, regional, legal and operational challenges. But the commitment demonstrated by a broad range of actors to fight piracy in Somali waters also offers unique opportunities. The unprecedented awareness of and attention to the region's insecurity provides international stakeholders with the momentum to strengthen their ties and address the root causes. This article gives a comprehensive account of the piracy issue and presents recommendations to nations engaged in counter-piracy activities.
Voetbal als bedrijfstak
Authors: Koning R.H.
Published: August 2024

The football industry

Soccer is the most important professional sport played in Europe. During the last two decades, both the flows of money and the institutional setting have changed dramatically. This paper provides an analysis of the Dutch professional league. How does that league compare to other European leagues? Especially as far as television revenue is concerned, the Dutch league lags the big leagues. This financial inequality has partially been caused by three important changes in the institutional environment: the introduction of the Champions League, the Bosman ruling and the liberalization of the players labour market, that accompanied that ruling. At the moment, an open European market for soccer talent exists, and a closed national product market for teams. Economies of scales exacerbates these problems, so in the near future, it is not to be expected that Dutch soccer teams will be able to compete successfully with their Spanish or British counterparts.
Misdaad en het WK voetbal 2010 in Zuid-Afrika
Authors: Burger J.
Published: August 2024

Crime and the 2010 Worldcup in South Africa

This article aims to assess the security situation in South Africa during the FIFA World Cup by considering the crime situation and the potential for terrorism. Consideration is also given to the ability of the police and other security services to provide the required level of security without neglecting their normal law enforcement responsibilities and leaving South Africans in general more exposed to crime. A major international event such as the World Cup is an ideal facilitator for crime and a potential target for terrorist groups. South Africa does not presently face any direct terrorist threat, but given the number and diversity of participating countries, there will always be a risk. In general, however, from the evidence it would appear that the South African security services are well prepared to ensure a safe and secure World Cup.
Co-Creating Business Concepts with Customers: Approaches to the Use of Customers in New Product/Service Development
Authors: Palavesh Santhosh
Published: August 2024

This extensive research paper work attempts to investigate the approaches of customer integration in new product and service development through co-creation. It explores conceptual issues, approaches, and frameworks concerning customer co-creation in the best practices. It reveals difficulties and developments in the direction of this outlook while explaining the state of development of customer-driven innovations. That is why in this paper, a systematic review of the related literature has been conducted together with the introduction of new vision, and the goal has been to contribute into the existing know-how of both practitioners and academicians in field of customer-driven innovation with methodological recommendations on application of co-creation methodology in different kinds of organizations.
Bridging the Gap: Linking and Matching Educational, Spirituality, Sciences, School Principal Leadership, Link & Match Concept between the Educational and Bussiness and Professional Realms for Optimal Education Quality and Sports Achievement
Authors: Tursinah Anggendari  , Sarah Fitriyani
Published: August 2024

This qualitative research aims to explore the integration of educational, spiritual, and scientific principles with business dynamics to optimize educational quality and sports achievement. The study employs a Link & Match concept, emphasizing the correlation between educational leadership and business realms. Through purposive sampling, school principals and professionals from various fields will be selected. Data analysis involves thematic analysis to identify patterns and connections between educational leadership, business practices, and holistic development. The findings are expected to highlight effective strategies for synergizing educational, spiritual, and scientific aspects with business principles, ultimately enhancing education quality and fostering sports excellence in educational institutions.
AN ASSESSMENT OF A NEW HYPERBOLIC SHEAR DEFORMATION THEORY FOR THE FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF COSINE FUNCTIONALLY GRADED DOUBLY CURVED SHELLS UNDER VARIOUS BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Authors: DAIKH A.A. , BELARBI M.O. , VINH PH.V. , LADMEK M. , BELKACEM A. , HOUARI M.S.A. , AHMED H.M. , ELTAHER M.A.
Published: August 2024

This paper introduces a new shear deformation theory, employing the hyperbolic sine function, for exploring the free vibration properties of a novel functionally graded (FG) shell structure. The proposed theory ensures a parabolic distribution of shear strains and stresses across the thickness, with zero values at the top and bottom surfaces, eliminating the requirement for any shear correction factor. This is the first time such an approach has been utilized for studying this type of FG structure. The material properties are assumed to vary gradually across the thickness in the form of a trigonometric function. The proposed FG material stands out due to its excellent rigidity and smooth and continuous variation of the material components through the thickness. This composition has the potential to compensate for the deficiencies found in conventional FG sandwiches. Two types of functionally graded shells are considered: the trigonometric FG-A shell and the trigonometric FG-B shell. The governing equilibrium equations of the FG shell are derived in detail with the principle of virtual work and are solved analytically by the Galerkin method that can cover different boundary conditions. The proposed solution is constrained to rectangular and straight FG plates of uniform cross-section. A wide range of comparative studies is carried out to establish the accuracy and the performance of the present analytical model. A detailed parametric analysis is performed to highlight the influence of the material inhomogeneity parameter, geometry and various boundary conditions on the vibration response. The proposed model has an important role in the design of various vessels and shells.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A PARTICLE-REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITE WITH LOW-MODULUS INCLUSIONS
Authors: DANILAEV M.P. , KARANDASHOV S.A. , KUKLIN V.A. , SIDOROV I.N. , ENSKAYA A.I.
Published: August 2024

Adequate mathematical models of the mechanical properties of particle-reinforced polymer composites (PRPC) require verification, which is difficult to do for at least the following reasons: lack of information on the mechanical characteristics of the transition layer formed at the modified particle-polymer interface, and lack of information about the mechanical characteristics of agglomerates that are inevitably formed during PRPC fabrication. This paper proposes a mathematical model for calculating the effective mechanical properties (bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio) of PRPC with encapsulated filler particles. The model is verified on PRPC samples with inclusions in the form of air bubbles. Simplified equations are derived for calculating the effective mechanical properties of PRPC with low-modulus inclusions in the form of air bubbles. It is shown that the proposed model provides reliable estimates of the bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of PRPC at a small relative fraction of submicron-sized filler particles in the matrix.
ELECTROSPARK DEPOSITION OF TI-TA COATINGS ON TI6AL4V TITANIUM ALLOY: OXIDATION RESISTANCE AND WEAR PROPERTIES
Authors: BURKOV A.A. , NIKOLENKO S.V. , KRUTIKOVA V.O. , SHELMENOK N.A.
Published: August 2024

Ti-Ta coatings were deposited on titanium alloy by electrospark deposition in an anode mixture of titanium granules and tantalum powder in an argon atmosphere. The cathode gain kinetics, tantalum concentration, structure, oxidation resistance, microhardness and tribotechnical properties of the coatings were studied. It was shown that with increasing tantalum concentration in the anode mixture, the net cathode gain during 10 min of treatment increased monotonically. The average thickness of the deposited coatings varied in the range from 30.9 to 39.1 µm. The concentration of tantalum in the coating composition increased with increasing tantalum powder concentration in the anode mixture. The coating structure was dense without longitudinal and transverse cracks. With an excess of tantalum powder in the anode mixture, the discharge energy was not enough to completely melt it. The phase composition included α-Ti and a bcc tantalum solid solution in β-Ti. With increasing powder concentration in the anode mixture, the intensity of the bcc-phase peaks increased relative to the α-Ti peaks. The surface hydrophobicity of Ti-Ta coatings was higher than that of uncoated Ti6Al4V titanium alloy. The developed technique can be used to produce Ti-Ta coatings with up to 5.9 times higher oxidation resistance compared to Ti6Al4V alloy. The high oxidation resistance of Ti-Ta coatings is explained by the formation of a dense and durable TiO2 layer. The surface microhardness of Ti-Ta coatings ranged from 4.72 to 4.91 GPa. The friction coefficient was in the range of 0.87-0.97. The wear resistance was from 23 to 36 times higher as compared to the titanium alloy.
DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF FATIGUE DEGRADATION OF LAYERED POLYMER COMPOSITES (POLYETHERETHERKETONE/POLYETHERIMIDE, PEEK/PEI) WITH CARBON-FIBER FABRIC PREPREG
Authors: PANIN S.V. , BOGDANOV A.A. , ALEKSENKO V.O. , BOCHKAREVA S.A. , LYUBUTIN P.S. , PANOV I.L. , TIAN D.
Published: August 2024

In this work, the relationship was considered between the structure and cyclic loading resistance of a layered composite consisting of PEI (PEEK) plate/PEI (PEEK) film/PEI-impregnated carbon-fiber fabric prepreg/PEI (PEEK) film/PEI (PEEK) plate by analyzing the time variation in the parameters of mechanical hysteresis loops calculated using digital image correlation. It was shown that the polyetherimide-based layered composite has low fatigue life under cyclic loading (0.8 of the yield strength), resulting from incompatible deformation between the PEI plates and the prepreg due to an interlayer interface formed by low-melting TecaPEI film. In the PEEK layered composite, the interlayer interface was formed by pure PEEK energy director and therefore had a little amount of defects, due to which the load was well transferred from the PEEK plates to the middle reinforcement layer. As a result, the fatigue life at a load level of 0.8 of the yield strength corresponded to high-cycle fatigue (more than 86 000 cycles).
Role of Reason in Establishing Civilization
Authors: Zatari Fadi
Published: August 2024

The role of reason in initiating and maintaining civilisation, as elucidated by Abū al-Ḥasan al-Māwardī (d. 1058), is pivotal, serving as the faculty for distinguishing good from bad and guiding behaviour. Al-Māwardī divides reason into two stages: natural and acquired. This understanding of reason is shared by other scholars, such as al-Muḥāsibī (d. 857) and Ibn abi al-Dunyā (d. 894). Hawá or desire is seen as antithesis to reason, serving as a manifestation of ethical corruption and instigating perpetual conflict. To build any society, reason takes a central role at individual and societal levels. This article argues that there are no possibilities for a civilisation to be constituted and maintained without a central role for reason. This article analyses al- Māwardi’s conception of reason in relation to civilisation. Al-Māwardī contends that reason not only serves as the cornerstone for societal development, but also facilitates understanding of religion, an essential aspect in his ideology. This article concludes that deep understanding of reason’s role in civilisation provides an appropriate direction for understanding civilisation and how reason can enhance and improve people’s decent conduct and manners.
Purpose-Driven Life in Islam and Emotional Stability
Authors: Yucel Salih
Published: August 2024

This article discusses the significance of a purpose-driven life in achieving emotional stability and wellbeing, particularly from the perspective of Said Nursi (d. 1960). The central focus is on Nursi’s belief that a purpose-driven life, rooted in religious and spiritual principles, is essential for emotional stability. This article first explores the relationship between emotional stability and a purpose- driven life by examining Nursi’s works, highlighting his unwavering emotional strength in adversity. Second, the article draws a connection between Nursi’s philosophy and Ibn Sina’s theory of pleasure. Nursi’s alignment with this theory suggests that intellectual pleasure is permanent and intrinsic to human nature, distinguishing it from sensual and inward pleasures. Nursi advocates engaging in spiritual practices as sources of solace and healing, offering structured ways to process emotions and gain emotional stability during challenging times. Finally, this article discusses Nursi’s comprehensive perspective on a purpose- driven life and emotional stability, guiding readers toward resilience, personal growth and a closer relationship with the Divine, ultimately leading to emotional stability and wellbeing. A purpose-driven life serves as a source of inspiration, fostering resilience and equipping individuals to face and overcome challenges. When life becomes purposeless, it becomes unliveable. Nursi suggests the human ego can lead to emotional stability if purified and used wisely. Overall, this article argues that Nursi’s philosophy on emotional stability is highly idealistic and can be practised by the spiritual elite. However, individuals can benefit from it according to their spiritual level.
Wage gap between women and men: analysis of main causes and impact of schooling on wage gap
Authors: Avila Gabriela Villaça , Mendonça Paulo Sergio Miranda
Published: August 2024

The aim of this paper is to delve into issues related to the gender wage gap by thoroughly analyzing the causes and impacts of gender inequality in our society. This paper explores various contributing factors such as occupational segregation, discrimination, and work-life balance challenges that influence the wage disparity between men and women. Additionally, it examines the role of educational attainment, including the number of years of schooling and college graduation, on future career earnings and how these factors contribute to the gender wage gap. By providing a comprehensive overview, this paper aims to highlight the complexity of the issue and suggest potential pathways for addressing gender wage inequality.
Eficiência nos tribunais de justiça brasileiros: performance apresentada a partir dos recursos econômicos e tecnológicos
Authors: Silva José Jailson da , Coutinho Francisco Seráphico da Nóbrega , Borges Erivan Ferreira
Published: August 2024

A presente pesquisa trata da eficiência e a produtividade dos Tribunais de Justiça Estaduais Brasileiros, no período de 2003 a 2013. Para alcançá-lo, definiu-se um modelo teórico-empírico que permitisse evidenciar a eficiência e produtividade da gestão. Foi mensurado o nível de eficiência e produtividade, a partir de variáveis endógenas e exógenas à gestão. Os resultados apontam que 04 Tribunais de Justiça, 17,39% (04/23), são considerados eficientes e 19 estão abaixo do limite de eficiência, 82,61% (19/23). Verifica-se que as perdas de eficiência encontram-se principalmente nos menores Tribunais, principalmente nos situados na região Nordeste, sugerindo a presença de economia de escala na prestação do serviço jurisdicional. A partir dos achados, percebem-se ganhos de eficiência identificados nos Tribunais maiores, considerando o porte de cada um, em função do tamanho do orçamento, o que sugere, também, a presença de economias de escala. Os resultados apontam que a minoria dos Tribunais de Justiça são considerados eficientes e a maioria encontra-se abaixo do limite de eficiência.
Analysis of candidate oil wells for workover interventions using machine learning tools
Authors: Aguilar Stênio Marcos Santos , Sobral Ana Paula Barbosa , Amaral Mateus Carvalho , Vianna Marcilene de Fátima Dianin , Machado Flávio Silva , Moreira Marcos Antonio Cruz
Published: August 2024

Throughout their production life oil wells have the potential to undergo workover interventions with one of the possible objectives to maintain healthy production levels. In mature fields, generally in a declining production stage, increases the need of evaluations and monitoring of the flow levels of productive fluids, to indicate those who are producing below their potential. In this context, a study case was conducted to analyze operational parameters associated with well production fluids by applying data science tools, considering the premise all are intact in terms of safety barriers.  Starting from the selection of interest variables and data collection, an exploratory analysis was initially proposed to examine the interrelations between variables. For the identification of patterns and well groupings, two machine learning techniques were applied: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis. PCA allowed the reduction of the variable set dimensionality, facilitating a practical visualization of each well’s productive scenario based on the analysis of the three selected principal components. Furthermore, through Cluster Analysis, wells were categorized into five distinct Clusters, enhancing the monitoring and management of potential candidate wells.
Saúde reprodutiva feminina e agroquímicos: revisão sistemática de modelos toxicológicos in vitro
Authors: Bento Iamara Carvalho Sabatino , Silva Giovanna Rafael Fernandes da , Castro Raiane Cristina Fratini de , Siviero Eloísa dos Santos , Sagawa Viviane Sayuri Mitzutani , Agostinis Andressa Jaqueline , Moraes Adriano Junqueira de , Emanuelli Isabele Picada
Published: August 2024

O uso indiscriminado e negligente de antimicrobianos, como os antibióticos em práticas veterinárias, pode favorecer a seleção de genes resistentes na cadeia alimentar humana, causando a resistência bacteriana. Dessa forma, este artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática acerca das evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre estudos de triagem de antimicrobianos em leite animal e derivados, visando orientar futuras medidas de saúde pública e melhoria dos processos de produção. No presente estudo, coletamos dados de artigos publicados entre os anos de 2005 e 2021 sobre a presença de resíduos de antibióticos em leite animal e seus derivados. Dentre os artigos selecionados (n=7), a grande maioria são de Países Europeus (n=4). Das espécies de animais estudadas nos artigos temos vaca e cabra, sendo leite cru (n=7), leite UHT (n=2), leite pasteurizado (n=1), colostro (n=1) e queijo (n=1) as amostras de produtos de leite animal e derivados analisadas. O método analítico mais empregado nas triagens foi o LC/MS (n=4), e do total de amostras de produtos analisadas, 22,75% (n=491) testaram positivas para algum dos tipos de antibióticos. Foram identificados 18 tipos de antibióticos nos artigos, sendo as tetraciclinas e os betalactâmicos os mais presentes, configurando respectivamente, 17,24% e 13,29% dos produtos. O número de artigos encontrados indicou claramente haver uma escassez de estudos sobre triagem de antimicrobianos em leite animal e derivados. Os resultados do presente estudo destacam o risco desses agentes antimicrobianos em alimentos de origem animal para a saúde pública.
O legado colonial e o seu resiliente substrato opressão/submissão: o caso brasileiro
Authors: Silva Júnior Alcides Mendes da
Published: August 2024

A historiografia do complexo Imperialismo/Colonialismo encontra-se repleta de exemplos que descortinam uma esquizofrênica herança nos países outrora colonizados: eles dividem-se constantemente entre a afirmação de sua soberania, uma certa subserviência nas relações com seus antigos e novos senhores, e a reprodução interna da dicotomia opressor/oprimido. Cada ex-colônia tem obviamente suas particularidades, e vivencia suas contradições de modo próprio. Mas o caso brasileiro é realmente sui generis. Uma mirada em certos aspectos históricos e suas respectivas correlações de forças pode nos ajudar a compreender essa tão marcante singularidade. Porque são raríssimos os exemplos de afirmação verdadeiramente soberana ao longo de sua história; e o seu patriotismo costuma transitar entre pontuais efemérides sazonais e o entusiasmo festivo ou desportivo. Sem mencionar que a profundidade do abismo entre os poderosos e os despossuídos figura sempre entre as maiores do mundo. A imensa maioria dos pontuais modelos de governança vêm quase sempre a ser a expressão cabal de todas essas características, sendo, portanto, a partir dos seus valores, elaborações e concepções de política internacional, que pretendemos investigar o que torna o Brasil um país tão idiossincrático entre seus pares.
Nodução de raízes e produtividade de grãos no feijoeiro comum submetido à irrigação e adubação nitrogenada
Authors: Lopes Adriano da Silva , Santos Junior Nielson Vieira dos , Kraeski Marcos Jefferson , Fanaya Júnior Eder Duarte , Souto Filho Sebastião Nilce , Franco Jhonatan da Silva , Biscaro Guilherme Augusto , Miranda Roger Gomes
Published: August 2024

A adubação nitrogenada, assim como a inoculação de sementes com bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio (N), pode afetar a nodulação nas raízes do feijão e a sua produtividade de grãos, especialmente em condições de irrigação. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os impactos da inoculação de sementes e da adubação nitrogenada no feijoeiro irrigado. O trabalho foi realizado na área experimental da Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Unidade Universitária de Aquidauana. A irrigação foi realizada por pivô central, cuja semeadura foi realizada em maio de 2019, utilizando a cultivar TAA Dama, que foi inoculada com a estirpe Rhizobium tropici. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, em parcelas subdivididas com 4 repetições. As parcelas foram com ou sem inoculação de sementes e, as subparcelas, às doses de adubação nitrogenada (0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 kg de N ha-1). Foram avaliados: número de nódulos por planta, massa seca dos nódulos e produtividade de grãos. Os resultados qualitativos (com e sem inoculação) foram submetidos ao teste de comparação de médias de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade e, para os quantitativos (doses de N) foram utilizadas análises de regressão. A inoculação de sementes de feijão com Rhizobium tropici não promove alterações importantes na nodulação das raízes para fixação de N. A produtividade de grãos é maior sem inoculação de sementes e com uma dose estimada em torno de 130 kg ha-1 de N em cobertura. A adubação nitrogenada em cobertura tem efeito negativo na nodulação de raízes de feijão quando este não é inoculado com Rhizobium tropici.