bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Australia: Country Report on Human Rights
Authors: Corrin Jennifer
Published: June 2019

This article provides a country report on the status of human rights in Australia. Human rights law in Australia is embodied in three sources: constitutional provisions, federal, state and territorial legislation, and the common law. However, the author notes that Australia has not embraced the 'rights revolution' seen elsewhere around the world as it does not have a constitutionally enshrined charter of human rights. This status of human rights under Australian law reflects the nation's conservative approach to constitutional law reform, and it is argued that the above sources of human rights law do not provide a comprehensive regime for the protection of human rights in Australia. However, several states have proved that popular support for human rights protection is a political possibility, which shows cautious optimism for the future of human rights laws in Australia.
The Experience of the Inter-American Human Rights System
Authors: González Felipe
Published: June 2019

This article is one of four which provide a useful comparative paradigm to any discussion of a Pacific human rights charter or regional mechanism. The article describes the Inter-American system of human rights protection, which stretches across the Americas.  After an historical introduction, the article analyses the advances that took place after 1990.  The discussion focuses mainly on the roles of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. The article concludes that the system is able to influence state behaviour and has made significant contributions to the protection of human rights in the region.
The European Experience: The European Convention on Human Rights
Authors: Boyle Kevin
Published: June 2019

This article focuses on the European Convention on Human Rights and its Court of Human Rights.  It explains the relationship between the Council of Europe, the Convention, and the Court as a system that is also a working example of a regional human rights mechanism. Some important rights and freedoms affirmed under the Convention are detailed, as is the impact of the Court's decisions on other judicial bodies. The article also comments on some future challenges for the Court.
Human Rights and the Environment
Authors: Glazebrook Susan
Published: June 2019

Justice Glazebrook, in this article, addresses the basic questions whether there is a human right to an environment of good quality and whether that right should be part of a Pacific human rights mechanism.  If there is no such right, the question of whether there should be is addressed.
Human Rights and the WTO: Issues for the Pacific
Authors: Joseph Sarah
Published: June 2019

In the Pacific, Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Tonga are World Trade Organization members.  This article examines the human rights concerns regarding the WTO, in particular the impact of WTO rules regarding trade liberalisation on poverty and development within developing states.  The author comments on the costs of conditional WTO membership and the possible consequences of free trade and globalisation in the Pacific region.
A Balancing Act: Modern Equality vs Traditional Nobility in Tonga
Authors: Salomon Tim René
Published: June 2019

The article examines the treatment of commoners and nobles under the Tongan Constitution and ordinary legislation.  This paper argues that Tonga fails to meet internationally acknowledged equality standards because "Tongan culture clashes head-on with basic human rights requirements".  The article provides some suggestions how to achieve a balance between upholding Tongan culture and traditions and complying with internationally accepted equality standards.
Rogers v Television New Zealand Ltd: Police And the Release of Information to the Media
Authors: Tidey Laura
Published: June 2019

This article considers the flow of information from the police to the media in light of the Supreme Court case of Rogers v Television New Zealand Ltd (Rogers). While the police were not party to the action, and the conduct of the police was not relevant to the case argued, the Court was critical of the actions of the police.  This article looks at the extent to which information gathered by the police and intended to be used as evidence is released by the police to the media; it finds that such information is frequently released. The article looks at the relevant law including Police Regulations, internal police rules and Code of Conduct, breach of confidence, contempt of court, and the Official Information Act 1982. The circumstances of the Rogers case are analysed in light of the relevant law and potential breaches are identified. The article concludes that the law relating to police release of information to the media needs to be clarified and that clearer, enforced police guidelines may achieve this.
Immigration Bill 2007: Special Advocates and the Right to be Heard
Authors: Inverarity Lani
Published: June 2019

The increasing role of "special advocates" in common law jurisdictions raises fundamental questions about the development of the law in response to new challenges and the extent to which individual rights can be abrogated in the name of national security. Special advocates are employed to examine and challenge classified evidence, withheld from affected persons and their legal advisors, in closed proceedings. They are, notionally, representing the affected person, but face an almost complete restriction on communication once exposed to the classified evidence. This is strikingly at odds with long-established norms of advocacy and a fair hearing, leading the United Kingdom Joint Committee on Human Rights to describe the system as "Kafkaesque".  The special advocate function, widely utilised in the United Kingdom, will be statutorily introduced into New Zealand with the passing of the Immigration Bill 2007, mirroring a similar development in Canada. The Bill extends the use of classified information in immigration decision-making and allows for special advocates to examine and challenge classified evidence in review, appeal or detention proceedings. That Bill is the subject of this article.
Gillick and the Consent of Minors: Contraceptive Advice and Treatment in New Zealand
Authors: Grimwood Tim
Published: June 2019

The English House of Lords decision in Gillick has dominated the issue of minor capacity to consent for the last 25 years, but the decision has raised more issues and ambiguities than it hoped to solve.  The speeches in Gillick, although extrapolated to general issues of minor consent, were made in the context of contraception advice and treatment.  In New Zealand there is no legislation or case law determining if and when minors can obtain contraception advice and treatment without parental consent or knowledge.  This raises concerns for health professionals' practice and minors' status as patients.  This article discusses whether the rulings in Gillick are applicable or even should be applicable to New Zealand with regards to contraception. The article suggests a scheme for giving contraceptive advice and treatment to minors through a modification of Lord Fraser’s guidelines. These modifications have been incorporated into a suggested legislative framework and professional guidelines.
Accounting for Accidents: Social Costs of Personal Injuries
Authors: Gaskins Richard
Published: June 2019

This short article places the current controversy over the funding of the Accident Compensation regime within the wider context of the original Woodhouse vision of a system that directly deals with, and consequentially alleviates, the wider Social costs of accidents and their impact on individuals. Gaskins argues that an over focus on the "Programme costs" of administering the current scheme risks ignoring the real originality of that vision by focusing simply on the cost of providing benefits rather than on reducing the costs that accidents to society and the individuals that suffer accidents.
Shelling, Sniping and Starvation: The Law of Armed Conflict and the Lessons of the Siege of Sarajevo
Authors: Riordan KJ
Published: June 2019

This article looks at the siege of Sarajevo conducted from April 1992 to February 1996, which resulted in the loss of thousands of lives and great suffering to the civilian population of the city. It also resulted in criminal convictions for Bosnian Serb commanders Stanislav Galić and Dragomir Milosević. Given the fact that sieges have been a common form of warfare from antiquity to the present day, and are likely to remain so, these convictions and the heavy sentences that accompanied them must provide a cautionary tale for commanders who may in future be required to undertake such an operation. This article examines the traditional methods of warfare associated with the successful prosecution of a siege and contrasts them with the detailed and onerous provisions of the law of armed conflict. It ponders the question of what a modern commander must do to conduct a siege which is both lawful and successful.
Bench v Bar: Contempt of Court and the New Zealand Legal Profession in Gillon v MacDonald (1878)
Authors: Morris Grant
Published: June 2019

Gillon v MacDonald (1878) was the climax of a feud that caused division in, and undermined the reputation of, the early New Zealand legal profession. Gillon features one of the most controversial episodes of contempt of court by a barrister in colonial legal history. The nature of the New Zealand legal profession, and in particular the relationship between bench and bar, is exposed through the case, its prologue and its aftermath.  The complex saga occurred over several years and involved all three branches of government.  Its causes are open to debate, but this article argues that personal and professional rivalry lies at the heart of the saga, and in particular, an obsessive vendetta on the part of George Elliot Barton.  The events described in this article had far reaching consequences including possibly influencing New Zealand’s most infamous legal decision, Wi Parata v Bishop of Wellington (1877).
The Pre-History of the English Laws Act 1858: Mcliver v Macky (1856)
Authors: Williams David V
Published: June 2019

The English Laws Act 1858 declared the reception date for the arrival of English law and statutes of general application in New Zealand to be 14 January 1840. This Act was passed because the New Zealand Supreme Court had decided the Wills Act 1837 (UK) did not apply in New Zealand. New Zealand was annexed to the British Empire as a dependency of New South Wales with a reception date in 1825 or 1828. The Supreme Court case that so decided was McLiver v Macky (1856). The New Zealand Law Foundation's 'Lost Cases Project' ascertained that this judgment was fully reported in an Auckland newspaper – The Southern Cross. This article examines the facts of the case and the reasoning of Acting Chief Justice Stephen as to the basis for British sovereignty in New Zealand and the application of English law to British subjects here.
What Makes a Leading Case? The Narrow Lens of the Law or a Wider Perspective?
Authors: Glazebrook Susan
Published: June 2019

This article suggests that an examination of leading cases should be extended beyond an exploration of the role that a decision has played in settling an area of law. It is also necessary to examine the social and historical implications and underpinnings of a decision. Further, a concentration on leading cases alone is too narrow a focus. The study of the ordinary run of cases can say much about the law and its relationship to society and about wider trends in society. The article illustrates these themes with a discussion of a number of leading cases in New Zealand and also of the work done by the author on criminal cases in Rouen during the French Revolution.
Foreword: Special Issue: New Zealand Leading Cases
Authors: Dorsett Shaunnagh , McLay Geoff
Published: June 2019

This article serves as foreword for this issue of the Victoria University of Wellington Law Review presenting the papers presented at the New Zealand Leading Cases Conference held at the Faculty of Law, Victoria University of Wellington in June 2010. The Conference celebrated the New Zealand Lost Cases project, which aimed to identify and collect cases decided by the New Zealand Superior Courts before the official beginning of law reporting in 1883.
Fishing for the Big Boys: Competing Interests Under the Fisheries Act 1996
Authors: Boyd Jordan
Published: June 2019

This article examines the effect of two recent and connected developments on fisheries management in New Zealand. The first development is a change to s 13 of the Fisheries Act 1996, that Act’s central operative sustainability provision. The second development is the Supreme Court’s decision in the Kahawai case. This article argues that these two developments mean that the operation and interpretation of the Fisheries Act favour commercial interests over recreational ones. It argues that the minority’s interpretation in the Kahawai case was correct and that, therefore, the change to s 13 was unnecessary. This article concludes that the structural bias in the Fisheries Act is undesirable, as catch allowance decisions are (and should be) essentially political.
A Capital Opportunity: Creating a New Zealand Jurisprudence in Public and International Law
Authors: Baragwanath David
Published: June 2019

This is the written form of a lecture delivered at the Law Faculty on 28 April 2010 by Justice Baragwanath as part of a series of lectures delivered the various New Zealand law schools, to mark the judge's retirement from the New Zealand Court of Appeal.  In this lecture the judge argues for the creation of a New Zealand public law that both acknowledges the special nature of New Zealand society and recognises the global context within which all New Zealand law must now fit and to some extent must be judged.
Ill-Gotten Contracts in New Zealand: Parting Thoughts on Duress, Undue Influence and Unconscionable Dealing – Kiwi-Style?
Authors: Bigwood Rick
Published: June 2019

This article considers the private-law doctrines of duress, undue influence and unconscionable dealing as they have feared at the hands of New Zealand's judiciary. It speculates, necessarily briefly, on whether there is anything distinctively "Kiwi" about the courts' formulation of and approach to those three doctrines in New Zealand, whether individually or as a related set. It concludes that because New Zealand's courts have borrowed from different, and not entirely consistent, jurisprudential sources of inspiration in relation to the development of each of the subject doctrines, what has resulted is a suite of exculpatory doctrines that are not as intellectually coordinated as they could and should be.
Celebrating David McLauchlan's Contribution
Authors: McLay Geoff , Lynch Nessa
Published: June 2019

This article serves as an introduction for this issue of the Victoria University of Wellington Law Review celebrating Professor David McLachlan's 40th anniversary as a faculty member. This foreword celebrates Professor McLachlan as one of the leading Commonwealth writers of contract law, as a colleague, and as a lecturer.
Ankara koşullarında aspire uygulanan farklı azotlu gübre dozlarının verim ve verim öğelerine etkileri
Authors: Gürsoy Mehtap , Başalma Dilek , Nofouzı Farzad
Published: June 2019

Aspir, iklim ve toprak istekleri diğer yağ
bitkilerine göre daha az olan, kurağa dayanıklı bir bitkidir. Bu çalışma, aspir genotiplerine uygulanan farklı azot dozlarının verim
ve verim öğeleri üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla,2015 ve 2016
yıllarında, Ankara koşullarında, yürütülmüştür. Materyal olarak, Dinçer, Linas aspir
çeşitleri ile Bahri Dağdaş Uluslararası Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü tarafından
geliştirilen 1 hat (BDUTAE Hattı) ve amonyum
sülfat gübresinin farklı dozları (0, 5 ve 15
kg da-1) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma Tesadüf
Bloklarında Faktöriyel Deneme Desenine göre, üç tekerrürlü olarak
kurulmuştur. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre; tohum verimi bakımından birinci yılda, en yüksek değer 160.3 kg
da-1 olarak BDUTAE Hattı ve 5 kg da-1 azot dozunda elde
edilirken ikinci yılda ise, 175.0 kg da-1 olarak Dinçer çeşidinde ve
5 kg da-1 azot uygulamasından, elde edilmiştir. Yağ oranı
incelendiğinde ise, birinci yılda, Dinçer çeşidinde 5 kg da-1 azot
dozunda en yüksek %39.94 olan değer ikinci yılda, % 40.77 olarak Linas
çeşidinde ve kontrol uygulamasında saptanmıştır. Yağ verimi ise birinci yılda,
56.67 kg da-1 olarak 5 kg da-1 azot dozunda, Dinçer
çeşidinde, çalışmanın ikinci yılında ise, 56.63 kg da-1 olarak Linas
çeşidinden, kontrol uygulamasında elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, uygulanan azot
dozları arasında, verim ve verim öğeleri bakımından çok önemli farklılıklar
belirlenmediğinden, dekara 5 kg azot ve aspir çeşitlerinden ise, Linas
önerilebilir.
Effects of dormancy-breaking treatments on seed germination of Pistacia species
Authors: Yaşar Halil , Açar İzzet
Published: June 2019

This study was carried out to
determine the effects of different dormancy-breaking treatments including
stratification, sulfuric acid scarification, dehulling and gibberellic acid
(GA3), on seed germination of different Pistacia
species e.g. Pistacia vera cv.
Kırmızı, Pistacia vera cv. Siirt, P. khinjuk-A, P. khinjuk-B, P. atlantica, P. terebinthus and P. mutica using as rootstock for pistachio trees. Seed dormancy-breaking
treatments were shelled (control), shelled + GA3, dehulled, dehulled
+ GA3, Sulfuric acid scarification and sulfuric acid scarification +
GA3 applications in the experiment. The seeds of Pistacia species were stratified at 4 °C
for 50 days after the dormancy-breaking treatments. Stratified seeds were sown
in the seedling viols filled with peat in the greenhouse to determine the
germination percentage. The highest germination rate was obtained from sulfuric
acid scarification in P. khinjuk-A (96.7%),
and followed by dehulled application of P.
vera cv. Kırmızı and P. mutica
species with 94.6% and 93.2%, respectively. On the other hand, the lowest seed
germination was observed for shelled + GA3 application of P. mutica with 6.7%. When the seed germination
rates of Pistacia sp. were examined,
the highest germination occurred in P.
vera cv. Kırmızı, and followed by P.
khinjuk-B. The lowest germination rate was observed on P. atlantica.
Evaluation of biochemical and physiological responses of salsola spp at their natural habitats
Authors: KARAKAŞ DİKİLİTAŞ Sema , DİKİLİTAŞ Murat , ASLAN Mustafa , GÜZEL Ayşe Nur
Published: June 2019

Halophytes are naturally salt-tolerant
plants that are useful for soil remediation applications.  Biochemical and physiological responses of Salsola species, namely; S. ruthenica, S. dendroides and S. crassa were evaluated at their natural habitats for their
salt tolerance in which the biochemical responses such as peroxidase (POX, EC.1.11.1.7)
and catalase (CAT, EC.1.11.1.6) enzymes, inorganic ion accumulation, proline
(Pro), malondialdehyde (MDA), chlorophyll contents (Chl-a, Chl-b)
were measured. The results showed that variation existed in Salsola spp. in their response to
salinity. Although all Salsola spp.
showed similar trends, S. ruthenica expressed higher activities of antioxidant enzymes
along with the higher accumulation of proline, MDA contents than those of S.
dendroides and S. crassa spp. Leaves of all three species exhibited high Na+ content while K+,
Ca++ and Mg++ contents are low. S. ruthenica accumulated 94.5 g kg-1 DW of Na+
ions while S. dendroides and S. crassa accumulated 82.1 g kg-1  DW and 71.4 g kg-1 DW
Na+ ions, respectively. The
increase in enzymatic activities and higher metabolic contents and lower MDA
levels in Salsola spp., especially in S. ruthenica,
suggested that these species could
well be used for phytoremediation purposes. With moderate height and
root-length, these plants have high potentials to be used as companion plants
with glycophytes to reduce salt stress in moderately saline conditions.
Control of Trips Pavispinus in Chili (Capsicum annum L) With Root Extrac of Tuba (Derris elliptica)
Authors: Uluputty Muhammad Riadh
Published: June 2019

Chili (Capsicum annnum L.) is one of the horticultural commodities that has economic value. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of root extract of tubal (Derris elliptica) on various concentration levels to control Trips pavispinnus in red chili plants. The treatment tried is three extra concentrations of the tubal root; 10, 20, and 30 g of tubal root / water and one treatment without tubal roots as a control. The treatment was designed using a randomized block design with three replications. Rensposes observed were percentages of Trips pavispinnus mortality. The results showed that the extract of the root of the tuba can control the pest of Trips pavispinnus. The concentration of 10 g / L of water can kill the Trips pavispinnus to 74.42% on the day after application. To be able to prevent the loss of red chilli plants due to a series of  Trips pavispinnus, farmers can take advantage of extracts from the root of the tube, and are an environmentally friendly pest control method.Keywords: Chili, Derris elliptica, Tuba root, Trips pavispinnus
Innovation and growth of skills
Authors: Laleta Sandra
Published: June 2019

This paper analyses the strategic and legislative framework of innovation and growth of skills in Croatia. Emphasis is placed on the life-long learning system, especially the legal duty of the employer to education and training of his or her employees. The paper will present the results of the research carried out in the scope of the scientific research project Flexicurity and New Forms of Employment about the issues of flexicurity, atypical and new forms of employment, as well as the respective opinions of the employers operating in several branches and trade-unions. Finally, the author analyses different active labour market policy measures directed to the growth of skills and innovations.
Consumer Preference and Impact of Online Shopping on Traditional Retail Market: A Case Study
Authors: Singh Dr. Vijay
Published: June 2019

The trend of online shopping is expending its roots throughout the world. In India the traditional retail market is in trends. Retail market contributes more than 10 percent of the GDP to the Indian economy. With the inception of Information Technology the trend of online shopping is also being famous in India. Spread of internet has made it easy to do the online shopping. This trend is famous especially among youth. Customer satisfaction is one of the important and challenging issues both for the online and traditional retailers. In this paper an attempt has been made to study the customer preference for online shopping and its impact on traditional retail market. To conduct the present study a sample of 100 respondents were selected among the traditional retailers. These samples were taken from the capital city traditional retail market of Shimla, Himachal Pradesh with the help of convenient sampling technique. Besides this 200 sample respondents were selected among the online buyers. The buyer respondents were taken from Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla with the help of random-cum-purposive sampling techniques. Both primary and secondary data were used for the study. The results of the study reveal that there is a negative impact of online shopping on traditional retail market.
Kesia-siaan menurut Kitab Pengkhotbah
Authors: Rara Desi Indriyani Daun
Published: June 2019

Tema dari kitab Pengkhotbah adalah kesia-siaan. Sang Pengkhotbah mengakan bahwa segala sesuatu adalah kesia-siaan belaka. Apapun yang dilakukan manusia dalam hidup ini adalah sia-sia, karena pada akhirnya manusia akan menghadapi kematian. Tetapi sang Pengkhotbah sebernarnya ingin memberikan penjelasan bahwa sesuatu yang positif dibalik kesia-siaan kehidupan manusia, yaitu suatu kehidupan yang taat kepada Allah yang adil, berdaulat.
PENGGUNAAN METODE DEMONSTRASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI LIMO 2 DEPOK KELAS VI PADA MATA PELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM DENGAN TEMA RANGKAIAN LISTRIK SEDERHANA SWERI DAN PARALEL
Authors: Sulfemi Wahyu Bagja , Inah
Published: June 2019

Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilakukan di Kelas VI SDN Limo 2 Depok pada mata pelajaran IPA. Kelas yang diteliti adalah kelas VI yang berjumlah 38 orang peserta didik. Penelitian dilakukan tanggal 11, 18, 25 Januari 2018. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar belajar peserta didik kelas VI Sekolah Dasar Negeri Limo 2 pada mata pelajaran IPA dengan tema Rangkaian Listrik melalui metode demontrasi. Pada prasiklus diperoleh data nilai rerata 61 terdapat 20 atau (53%) peserta didik tuntas. Pada siklus I didapat hasil nilai rerata 69 atau terdapat 28 (74%) peserta didik tuntas dengan hasil pengamatan peserta didik yang dapat menjawab pertanyaan guru dengan benar sebanyak 21 (55,26%). siklus 2 didapat data hasil nila rerata 81. terdapat 34 peserta didik atau (89 %) tuntas, sedangkan hasil pengamatan didapat peserta didik yang dapat menjawab pertanyaan guru dengan benar sebanyak 27 (71,05%). Dengan demikian penerapan metode demonstrasi telah memberikan pengaruh yang sangat baik dengan termotivasi peserta didik untuk belajar, materi yang disampaikan guru dimengerti, peserta didik memiliki tanggung jawab terhadap tugasnya, dan peserta didik terlibat aktif di dalam kelas Hal berdampak meningkatnya prestasi belajar peserta didik. yang belajar peserta didik mata pelajaran IPA di kelas VI SDN Limo 2 Depok
14 Saran Esensial Bagi Pengusaha
Authors: Yuliarti Dea Ismani
Published: June 2019

14 Saran Esensial Bagi Pengusaha adalah konsisten, Jadilah Sehat, Bersikap Keras Kepala dan kesenjangan konsumen.
penderitaan dalam kitab ayub _Mariana Bua'TAsik
Authors: Layuk Rombe
Published: June 2019

Dalam kitab ayub, pokok pembahasan yang paling utama adalah penderitaan. penderitaan penderitaan yang di alami oleh seseorang yang saleh dan jujur. penderitaan kitab ini memberikan ajaran tentang bagaimana kita dapat menghadapi pergumulan yang ada dalam kehidupan kita.
Penderitaan menurut Kitab Ratapan
Authors: Layuk Rombe
Published: June 2019

kitab ini berisi tentang nyanyian-nyanyian ratapan bangsa israel karena kerena kejatuhannya. tetapi dalam ratapan ini bangsa israel tetap setia menanti janji Tuhan
Behavioral Exploitation Antitrust in Consumer Subprime Mortgage Lending
Authors: Huffman Max
Published: June 2019

3 William & Mary Policy Review 77 (2012)
The False Promise of Sexiness: Perceived Importance, Interest, and Citation Patterns for Counterintuitive Research Findings
Authors: Johnson Samuel Gregory Blane , Royka Amanda , McNally Peter , Keil Frank
Published: June 2019

Decisions about what research is pursued, funded, published, and reported on by the media are often based on what scientific results are perceived as important and interesting. Here, we study one potential cue that scientists and the public may use for evaluating scientific findings—their counterintuitiveness. Two studies establish that counterintuitive findings are perceived as more important and interesting, both by scientists and the public. However, even though judgments of importance predict citations in both samples, counterintuitiveness does not. We argue that these results have implications for scientific institutions and practice.
Novel Visual Perceptual Phenomenon in Isoluminant Bi-Coloured Square-Wave Gratings
Authors: Tan Azaac Wei En , Maus Gerrit W
Published: June 2019

Visual illusions, beyond their ability to entertain, reveal the “flaws” and limits of human perception, and how our visual senses can be fooled. In this study, we present a novel illusory percept generated by isoluminant bi-coloured square-wave gratings. We document the physical characteristics of the stimuli that affect the strength of the illusion and the illusory colours perceived, and consider potential mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. In line with our hypotheses, the results reveal that the strength of the illusion varies with the spatial frequency of the grating, and that the illusory percept is motion-dependent. Analysis of the illusory colours perceived reveals a relationship between the stimulus colours and the illusory colours perceived. This relationship demonstrates integration of the typically independent red-green parvocellular and blue-yellow koniocellular channels in the visual pathway. Overall, this pioneering study points towards a new mechanism of colour perception and integration, possibly in the early visual cortex. Possible future directions of research employing these coloured square-wave gratings are discussed.
Randomized study comparing safety and efficacy of one shot versus serial metal telescopic dilation technique in percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Acharya Ganesh Bhakta , Shrestha Anil , KC Hari Bahadur , Basnet Robin Bahadur , Shah Aravind Kumar , Shrestha Paras Mani
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Dilation of the track can be achieved by multiple incremental flexible Amplatz type, Alken metal telescoping dilators, or balloon in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Balloon dilator is the most expensive method. Both of the incremental dilation techniques are more time consuming with higher failure rates. Hence, a prospective randomized study was conducted to compare the safety and efficacy of “single shot” dilation of the nephrostomy tract by amplatz dilator with serial alken metallic telescopic dilation technique in PCNL.

Methods: Of the 138 renal stone patients who underwent PCNL from January 2015 to December 2015, 100 patients were randomized into two groups. Serial tract dilation with alken metallic dilators was used in group A (n=50), and one shot dilation technique in Group B (n=50). The access tract dilation time, success rate, blood loss and complications were evaluated.

Results: Both the groups were comparable in terms of mean age, location and size (largest diameter) of the stone (p>0.05). No difference was observed in the procedural success rate between groups A and B (96% v 94% respectively, p=0.64). Mean access time was similar in both groups (5.89+2.67 vs 4.98+2.0 mins, p=0.06). Complications between the groups were not significantly different. There were 6 patients with previous open stone surgery in both the groups. Previous open stone surgery did not impact procedural success rate, access time and complications in both groups.

Conclusion: One-shot dilation technique is equally as effective, safe and well tolerated as metal telescopic dilation techniques even in patients with history of ipsilateral open stone surgery.
High risk pregnancy and Fetal outcome at Shree Birendra Hospital
Authors: Singh Arju Chaud , Khatri Ratna , Rana Sadikchya Singh , Malla Rosy , Thapa Sumana , Acharya Indira
Published: June 2019

Introduction: High risk pregnancy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in a developing country. These patients are recognized in the initial prenatal office visit as they have a poor obstetrical history or a well recognized medical complication however; pregnancy becomes high risk because they develop unexpected complications in the course of otherwise normal pregnancies. The objective of this study is to identify various type of high risk pregnancy and fetal outcome.

Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted in Shree Birendra military hospital over a period of 9 months. Patients were recognized as high risk during antenatal visit and during admission. They were followed till delivery. The case records of all high risk pregnancy with their fetal outcome were analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using simple percentage.

Results: Total deliveries during study period was 626. High risk pregnancy identified were 99 (15.81%). Previous lower segment cesarean section was the most common identified high risk pregnancy 34 (5.43%) followed by young primigravida 3.19%, breech 2.23%. There were total 13 low birth weight baby (13.13%) and 2 stillbirth (2%) as fetal outcome.

Conclusion: Identification of high risk pregnancy during antenatal period will reduce adverse perinatal outcome.
Paget’s disease of male breast, a rare but rising ailment
Authors: Yadav Randhir Sagar , Shrestha Shumneva , Singh Prabesh Bikram , Sharma Sadikshya , Nepal Bikash , Sayami Prakash
Published: June 2019

Male breast cancer constitutes less than 1% of all breast carcinomas whereas Paget’s disease accounts for less than 1% of entire breast cancers. Unawareness and misdiagnosis lead to delayed presentation at a higher grade making the prognosis worse than females. Genetics and hormonal factors are strongly linked to its occurrence. Investigations, diagnosis, staging and management strategies for male breast cancers are concluded from studies done in female cases. We present a case of a 65 years literate gentleman who presented with fungating right breast mass with bleeding ulcer who underwent modified radical mastectomy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormonal therapy.
Message from the Editorial Board
Authors: Shrestha Umid Kumar
Published: June 2019

Not available.
Françoise Mélonio – De la pratique de la comparaison franco-américaine
Authors: Mélonio Françoise
Published: June 2019

Compte rendu du livre dirigé par Daniel Sabbagh et Maud Simonet, De l’autre côté du miroir. Comparaisons Franco-Américaines, qui propose un panorama structuré des comparaisons entre les États-Unis et la France qui porte aussi bien sur les modalités que sur les sujets de comparaison relevant de la sociologie, la science politique, l’histoire, la philosophie ou le droit.
Damages without duty
Authors: Gardner John
Published: June 2019

Stephen Smith argues against what he calls ‘the duty view’ of damages awards in private law. The duty view is the view according to which ‘damage[s] awards confirm existing legal duties to pay damages.’ I am credited with advancing ‘the most plausible’ version of the duty view – namely, the ‘inchoate duty view’ according to which the court makes determinate, by its award, what was up to then an indeterminate legal duty. I respond here by arguing that strictly there is no such thing as a liability to pay damages. It is a liability to be required to pay (a specified sum in) damages.
O professor iniciante da educação básica: uma reflexão sobre seus desafios e aprendizados
Authors: Borges Maria Célia , Dos Santos Paulo Vinicius
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo conhecer quem é o professor iniciante dos primeiros anos do ensino fundamental da escola pública e quais são os desafios e aprendizados no seu desenvolvimento profissional. Procura-se analisar e compreender os desafios e as aprendizagens do professor iniciante no âmbito escolar, bem como a receptividade que a escola propicia a estes profissionais neste período de descobertas e de crises advindas da formação profissional, momento em que o professor fica à mercê dos seus dilemas, medos, angústias, inseguranças e incertezas, enquanto professor no início de sua carreira. Portanto, são inúmeros os conflitos e desafios vivenciados. O anseio pela escrita deste trabalho foi desencadeado durante a primeira experiência no magistério e pelas observações durante os estágios propiciados pela Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Ressalta-se que este artigo retrata a realidade de uma escola municipal próxima à cidade de Ituiutaba-MG. Para esta análise, optou-se por uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, englobando pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Os principais autores que deram sustentação a este trabalho foram Huberman (1992); Cavaco (1995); Franco (2000); Imbernón (2004); Garcia (2010) dentre outros, que problematizam esta discussão. Os procedimentos de coleta de dados incluíram a aplicação de entrevistas e a observação. Buscou-se, de forma clara e audaciosa, refletir sobre o ingresso nesta profissão que é marcada por inúmeras crises que, posteriormente, podem refletir no trabalho profissional.  Desafiou-se, também, o professor iniciante a indagar as teorias antes defendidas e/ou estudadas na Universidade, confrontando-as com as primeiras experiências no magistério, no cotidiano escolar.  O ensejo foi trazer uma contribuição desencadeadora de reflexões sobre a formação do professor, o acolhimento e o apoio necessários no início de sua carreira docente.
Estágio supervisionado nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: um estudo a partir da experiência dos licenciandos do curso de pedagogia da UFRJ
Authors: Aguiar Jonathan , Cerdas Luciene
Published: June 2019

Este artigo discute a experiência de licenciandos do curso de Pedagogia no estágio supervisionado dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental (1º ao 5º ano). Nesse estágio, os licenciandos desenvolvem atividades de observação da instituição e da sala de aula, de coparticipação e de regência de turmas, sem que esses sejam momentos distintos, mas que acontecem de forma orgânica e simultânea. Trazer as vozes desses licenciandos se faz necessário para compreensão de como o estágio contribui para vivências e experiências destes sujeitos nesta etapa da Educação Básica. A partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com base no relato de experiência, os sujeitos participantes integraram rodas de conversa sobre a temática. Foram quatro estudantes do curso em questão, que realizaram a prática de estágio em uma escola pública da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, em uma turma de 3º ano. Conclui-se que os licenciandos, ao refletirem sobre seus estágios, evidenciam sua percepção sobre os desafios com os quais os professores, mesmo já experientes, deparam-se no dia a dia, como por exemplo, lidar com a questão da disciplina e agitação das crianças, características próprias da faixa etária dos anos iniciais. No entanto, eles conseguem perceber desafios mais diretamente relacionados ao desenvolvimento de práticas de ensino que permitem lidar com perfis diferenciados de alunos, bem como realizar propostas interdisciplinares tendo como foco o ensino da leitura e escrita.
新时代如何凝聚青年团队助推公司转型发展
Authors: 邵 展翅
Published: June 2019

青年团队是企业发展的生力军。新时代下，关注青年团队才的培养，促进青年团队才的成长与发展，为企业的发展凝聚力量，推进新时代下企业更好地转型发展。本文在阐述青年团队凝聚力的主要内涵基础上，分析了青年团队凝聚力推动企业转型发展中的重要作用，提出了新时代下青年团队凝聚力助推企业转型发展的具体路径。
中医药健康产业创新人才培养模式思考
Authors: 赵 娜 , 付 瑶 , 张 栋 , 张 诗航
Published: June 2019

随着我国亚健康人口数量日趋增长,健康产业投资愈发热情高涨。继近期国家对“健康中国”建设发展规划,随之而来的必然是中医药健康产业的蓬勃发展,而我国目前十分紧缺中医药健康产业专业人才。结合民办本科院校的特点,从中医药与健康产业相结合作为人才培养目标、教育理念、培养模式、课程体系、师资队伍建设等方面探讨建立专业创新人才培养体系,融合健康关怀理念、实操训练、模拟实验、岗位实习贯穿于创新实践人才培养全过程,切实提高中医药健康产业人才专业技能和服务水平。
浅谈新经济建设对高校学科交叉型人才培养的影响
Authors: 李 俊华 , 王 树立 , 刘 俊 , 嵇 炜
Published: June 2019

新经济背景下,大力拓展和推进学科交叉,培养具有全球视野、创新精神和实践能力的人才,已成为各大高校推进教育创新,提高人才培养质量的主流趋势。本文列举了美国、中国部分高校开展各种形式的交叉学科人才培养案例,对新经济建设必要性和紧迫性、新工科内涵特征、新经济建设思路与发展趋势进行了分析,具有一定的现实意义。
加强高职院校教代会提案工作的思考
Authors: 杨 德桂
Published: June 2019

教代会是学校实行民主管理的基本形式和基本制度,提案工作是教代会工作的一项重要内容。本文旨在通过分析高职院校教代会提案工作现状和存在问题的原因,探索高职院校开展提案工作的新方法、新途径,为做好学校民主管理工作提供参考和支持。
黄炎培教学原则对思想政治理论课教学设计的启示
Authors: 王 良
Published: June 2019

黄炎培在研究西方国家的先进教育经验,检索中国教育的教训和问题的基础上提练出的“手脑并用、做学合一”等职业教育应遵循的基本教学原则,不仅构成现代职业教育的现实基础,也对今天高职院校探索思想政治理论课教学改革与建设具有重要指导意义。手脑并用作为教学过程中必须遵循的方法论原则,不仅关乎办学宗旨和教育目的也是影响培养目标实现和教育内容确定的重要范畴,体悟这一原则对其教育思想的支撑作用,在此提出了：围绕知识与能力的双目标设计教学,做到知识传授与方法传授同时并举；基于动脑与动手的双能力转换组织教学,倡导课堂听讲与体验参与齐头并进；探讨从转化和服务双维度效果评价教学,引领实现有业与乐业的共同进步等高职院校思政课改革与建设的建议。
案例导入—任务驱动教学模式在《免疫学基础与病原生物学》课程改革中的探索
Authors: 宋 鹏霞 , 李 群锋 , 祝 美姣 , 史 红娟
Published: June 2019

《免疫学基础与病原生物学》作为高职院校医学系的一门基础课程,是连接基础护理与临床护理的重要纽带,该门课程课堂教学的有效性对培养医学人才具有重要意义。为了提高教学的有效性,授课教师积极推进课堂教学改革,创造适合学生学习的教学方法,尝试推动案例导入法与任务驱动法两种教学方法相结合的案例导入—任务驱动教学模式形成并付诸教学实践,实践结果表明,该种教学模式能够明显提高学生的学习兴趣,培养学生的自主探究能力,教学效果相对于传统教学模式有所提高。
高职机制专业“电器控制与PLC”课程教学改革与研究
Authors: 龚 辉
Published: June 2019

针对目前高职机制专业《电气控制与PLC》课程教学实施中存在的机制专业学生学习兴趣不大、学习信心不足、课程设计不合理、教学实施不科学等问题,提出了完善教学设计、改革课堂教学模式以及制定合理的实训计划等改革方案,并提出了具体的教学方案和教学实施方法,从而实现《电气控制与PLC》课程教学的合理改革和优化。
新时代林业高校加强干部队伍作风建设研究
Authors: 高 玉娟 , 刘 欣
Published: June 2019

随着中国经济社会发展进入“新常态”,党的建设面临着新情况和新问题,刚刚召开的党的十九大,更是提出“坚决反对特权思想和特权现象”。林业高校干部队伍作为学校全面建设的引领者,其自身作风建设不仅影响着林业高校的学术氛围与学生的培养质量,关系着林业院校的改革、建设与发展,还直接关乎为林业部门输送合格优质人才的教育事业的健康发展。加强林业高校领导干部队伍的作风建设,对林业高校切实履行培养林业事业和社会主义事业接班人的历史使命具有重要意义。
Taze ve Alkid Resinle Hazırlanan Rat Sindirim Sistemi Organlarının Tekstür ve Renk Değerlerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: KELEŞ Hacı
Published: June 2019

Mide-barsak, tükrük bezleri, karaciğer ve pankreas
araştırmalarında deney hayvanı olarak çoğunlukla ratlar kullanılmaktadır. Bu
hayvanların sindirim sistemi anatomilerinin araştırma ve uygulama yapacaklar
tarafından iyi bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada; sindirim sistemi üzerinde
çeşitli araştırmalar planlayanlar için Alkid resin metoduyla anatomik öğrenme
materyali hazırlayarak, bu materyallerin taze sindirim sistemi organlarıyla
tekstür ve renk açısından farklılıklarını ortaya koymak amaçlandı. Bu amaçla,
kadavraların dil, karaciğer ve midelerinden faydalanıldı. Kadavralara tespit,
dehidrasyon, gömme, emdirme ve sertleştirme işlemleri uygulandı. Formolle
tespit edilen materyaller, 24 saat akarsuda yıkandıktan sonra dehidrasyon için
alkol (%50-60-70-80-90-96 ve 100) ve aseton (%50 alkol-%50 aseton ve %100
aseton) serisinden geçirildi. Böylece materyallerin içerisindeki yağ ve su en
az düzeye indirildi. Daha sonra dokudaki çökmeleri önlemek için materyaller
vakum altında gliserol’e gömüldü. Buradan alınan materyaller kurutma kağıdının
üzerine alınarak fazla gliserolden arındırıldı. En son olarak emdirme işlemi
için Alkid resin içeren solüsyonunun içine konuldu. Bu işlemden sonra,
materyaller sertleştirme işlemi için normal oda şartlarında dinlendirilip işlem
sonuçlandırıldı. Materyallerin renk değerleri 
(L, a, b) Lovibond RT (Lovibond RT series tintometer device. The
Tintometer LTD, UK) marka renk analiz cihazı ile tekstür özellikleri ise (sertlik,
elastikiyet, yapışkanlık) TA.TXP Plus Texture Analyzer (TA XT-Plus Texture
Analyser Device. Stable Microsystems LTD, UK) ile belirlendi. Organların
büyüklükleri bakımından barsak ve pankreasta tekstür ve renk analizleri
gerçekleştirilemedi. Alkid resinle işlenmiş dil, karaciğer ve mide taze doku
ile karşılaştırıldığında tekstür ve renk parametreleri bakımından çeşitli
istatistiki farklılıklar bulundursa da; bu metotla hazırlanan materyallerin hem
araştırma hem de anatomi uygulamalarında kullanılabileceği kanısına varıldı.
Nominalized adverbs in Spanish: the intriguing case of detrás mío and its cohorts
Authors: Eddington David
Published: June 2019

Instances of adverbs modified by adjectives (e.g. detrás mío, delante tuyo) were extracted from the Corpus del Español. The corpus analysis reveals that these constructions are attested in all 21 Spanish-speaking countries to varying degrees, but are most frequent in Argentina and Uruguay. Adjectives following the adverbs in questions are predominantly masculine; however, in Peninsular varieties feminine forms are quite common. Although alrededor and lado are both adverbs as well as masculine nouns, they are occasionally followed by feminine adjectives (e.g. al lado suya), which is arguably due to the use of the feminine in other constructions such as encima mía and debajo nuestra.
Impressions of Pre-Service Teachers about Use of PowerPoint Slides by Their Instructors and Its Effects on Their Learning
Authors: UZUN Ahmet Murat , KİLİS Selcan
Published: June 2019

This study aims to explore preservice teachers’ opinions about their instructors’ use of PowerPoint slides during classes. To this end, 10 preservice teachers were selected through convenience sampling and semi-structured interviews were then conducted. The interviews were held one-by-one and audio recorded after having received permission from the interviewees. The recorded audio data was then transcribed and subsequently coded using QDA Miner Lite analytical software. Data analysis was then carried out by two researchers in order to eliminate bias and to enhance objectivity in the qualitative coding process. The findings indicated that the preservice teachers, in terms of the design and content of their instructors’ PowerPoint slides, complained mostly about text inefficiency, whereas they favored the visual aids used in the slides. The findings also indicated that in terms of the perceived effects of using PowerPoint on preservice teachers’ learning, they favored the slides because of their simplification of the content, using PowerPoint as multimedia, using PowerPoint slides as course notes, and for following the course content easier. On the other hand, they complained about instructors’ frequently just reading from the slides verbatim. The findings of the study may inspire instructors to use PowerPoint more effectively in their classes, and thereby to become better role models to the preservice teachers they are instructing.
La práctica cultural del bordado de San Antonio en Oaxaca - México
Authors: Castañeda de la Cueva Esmeralda
Published: June 2019

Desde niña he tenido interés por las actividades culturales en Oaxaca, el cual nació de observar el entusiasmo de mi madre y mi abuela por bailar sones, preparar delicias gastronómicas o asistir a misas de gallo. Aprendí de sus pies y manos. Viendo a través de sus ojos y sus memorias, fui creando mi concepción de Oaxaca y sus actividades artísticas, culturales y religiosas acercándome a conocer sus tradiciones y costumbres. Nací y crecí en su capital, los Valles Centrales, lugar en el que se creó la blusa y el vestido conocido como “de San Antonino”, prenda que se elabora de manera individual, familiar y colectiva. A partir de un proceso artesanal y de compartición de saberes, se tejen los hilos que construyen los dibujos de las ores en su diversidad de colores y que reejan las experiencias vividas y transmitidas de la comunidad. En este artículo me aboco a desentrañar esta práctica cultural de este bordado, por medio del cual las mujeres de esta región dan cuenta de sus sentires, saberes, cotidianidad e identidad.
Modelos pedagógicos y estrategias para la integración de saberes en Instituciones Educativas de Medellín
Authors: Valle Flórez Mónica María , Ramírez Álvaro
Published: June 2019

El artículo presenta algunos de los resultados del análisis de los proyectos educativos institucionales-PEI-, de las Instituciones Educativas – IE- del programa de cobertura educativa de la ciudad de Medellín. En dicho estudio se identicaron los modelos pedagógicos, las estrategias para la integración de saberes y para la articulación de expresiones culturales que dichas IE llevan a cabo. Entre los resultados se evidencia que los actuales procesos educativos están requiriendo ampliar los marcos de los modelos pedagógicos tradicionalmente concebidos. En cuanto a las estrategias pedagógicas se destacan como las más implementadas la vigilancia y el control, las menos inusuales la utilización de TIC y el currículo fexible. Entre las emergentes el emprendimiento, los laboratorios y centros de aprendizaje. Algunas de las acciones educativas más innovadoras que se destaca son la cátedra para la felicidad y el buen vivir; los programas de ciudad viva, cultura de la legalidad, el plan canguro y lector.
Penyusunan Regulasi Desa Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Di Kabupaten Indramayu Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Teguh Prio , Aprimawati Baiq
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

 The research was conducted in Sidadi Village, Sukajati Village and Wanakaya Village of Haurgeulis Subdistrict, Indramayu District of Wes Java Province. The title of this research is Enactment of Undang-Undang Nomor 6 in 2014 no listed about the village rules, but the law states that regulatory guidelines, the district/city either Regeling or beshicking shall apply mutatis mutandis, so that the village ordinance drafting guidelines also apply mutatis mutandis. Above legislation has been a change from previous rules, so the impact on regulatory guidelines for the village. The author also studies about barriers experienced by the village government, as well as the efforts made by the village government and Indramayu regency government, so the author can write strategy in forming a quality village regulations.

Keywords: The formation process and the quality of village regulations

                    regulatory strategy of forming quality village