bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Timbuctoo and the First Emancipation of the Early-Nineteenth Century
Authors: Weston Guy
Published: January 2022

Timbuctoo is an unincorporated community in Westampton Township, Burlington County, New Jersey. It was settled by formerly enslaved and free Black people beginning in 1826, reaching approximately 125 residents by 1860. The community also included at least two churches, two schools, and a benevolent association that helped people in the community in need. A vast collection of documentation of Timbuctoo’s founding and early development is available for research, including more than 100 years of deed and legal documents in a single PDF file; deeds and certificates of incorporation for churches, schools, and the benevolent association; newspapers that include death notices and feature articles as early as 1851; as well as vital records. The vital records are found in the New Jersey Births and Christenings Index and the New Jersey Deaths and Burials Index, with Timbuctoo resident listings as early as the 1850s. Prompted by recent emphasis on celebrating the end of slavery with the establishment of Juneteenth as a national holiday, this article explores what emancipation meant for an antebellum free Black community in southern New Jersey, drawing substantially from the primary sources above to provide a unique contemporaneous perspective. Questions for future research are mentioned throughout the narrative to illuminate compelling potential research projects.
Eugenics in New Jersey: How the New Jersey State Village for Epileptics Perpetuated Eugenics throughout the State
Authors: Borowski Emily
Published: January 2022

The Paul A. Stellhorn Undergraduate Paper in New Jersey History Award was established in 2004 to honor Paul A. Stellhorn (1947-2001), a distinguished historian and public servant who worked for the New Jersey Historical Commission, the New Jersey Committee (now Council) for the Humanities, and the Newark Public Library. The Award’s sponsors are the New Jersey Studies Academic Alliance; the New Jersey Historical Commission, New Jersey Department of State; Special Collections and University Archives, Rutgers University Libraries; and the New Jersey Caucus of the Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Conference.  Click here for more information. The following paper by Borowski was an undergraduate thesis submitted to the American Studies Department at Rutgers University. Dr. Carla Cevasco advised.
Quarters: The Accommodation of the British Army and the Coming of the American Revolution
Authors: Lurie Maxine N.
Published: January 2022

Maxine N. Lurie reviewing Quarters: The Accommodation of the British Army and the Coming of the American Revolution, by John Gilbert McCurdy.
Erratum: “Artillery Supported by Infantry: The Royal Artillery at the Battle of Monmouth”
Authors: Timpanaro Michael , Pidermann Victor
Published: January 2022

This erratum corrects an oversight in the Winter 2021 publishing of the article “Artillery Supported by Infantry.”
Positive Ricci curvature on fiber bundles with compact structure group
Authors: Cavenaghi Leonardo Francisco , Sperança Llohann Dallagnol
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a direct and simple proof of a result concerning the existence of metrics of positive Ricci curvature on the total space of fiber bundles with compact structure groups. In particular, it generalizes and puts in a unified framework the results of Nash [12] and Poor [15]. With the intention of disseminating this result,we apply it to build new examples of manifolds with positive Ricci curvature, including bundles whose base consists of gradient shrinking Ricci solitons.
Two examples of harmonic maps into spheres
Authors: Misawa Masashi , Nakauchi Nobumitsu
Published: January 2022

The radial map w(x) = x ‖x‖−1 is a well-known example of harmonic maps and p-harmonic ones into spheres with a point singularity. In this paper we give two examples of harmonic maps and p-harmonic ones into spheres of higher dimensions with the singularity xixj
‖x‖−2 or the singularity xixjxk
‖x‖−3.
Ländersteckbrief: Israel
Authors: Becht Michael
Published: January 2022

Auf wenigen Seiten wird die bibliothekarische Situation des Landes Israel beschrieben. Nach einem historischen Abriss werden die verschiedenen Bibliothekstypen vorgestellt. Neben der Nationalbibliothek und den Wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken wird auch das System der Öffentlichen Bibliotheken beleuchtet. Auch Besonderheiten werden genannt: wie sich die Lage in den arabischen Siedlungen gestaltet oder was in Sachen Leseförderung getan wird. Zum Abschluss soll schlaglichtartig gezeigt werden, wie vor Ort mit der Corona-Pandemie umgegangen wird.
Utilization of intelligent vehicle units for train set dispatching
Authors: Kodym Oldřich
Published: January 2022

This study focuses on the synthesis of particular solutions with the aim of improving accuracy and safety in rail transport systems. It is based on logistic/transport units equipped with a smart unit for information acquisition, processing, and communication (intelligent vehicle unit [IVU]). These IVUs can communicate with their neighbors and process their data to automatically create a superior/parent unit – the train. The train unit (the engine) has the ability to communicate with connected information systems. In this way, information stored in information systems can be verified, in real time updated, and supplied to all parties acting in the logistic chain. Algorithms used in each IVU are a crucial part of this kind of system. Designed system is modeled, and some simulations are used for verification.
Is the cubic parabola really the best railway transition curve?
Authors: Zboinski Krzysztof , Woznica Piotr
Published: January 2022

In the current study, the authors tested two railway transition curves in terms of their usefulness for railway practice. The first curve was a cubic parabola – the curve most popular in railway engineering. The second curve was a polynomial of ninth degree, and this curve was chosen due to the fact that this curve satisfies advanced geometrical demands. In this study, the model of a two-axle vehicle was applied. The study relied on the passage of the vehicle model through the route consisted of straight track, railway transition, and circular arc. Three different circular arc radii were used. The value – 0.6 m/s2 – of maximum lateral acceleration in the circular arc was applied. Three different vehicle velocities were also used. In this study, the authors simulated vehicle dynamics for different curves and ten lengths of the curves. As the main criterion, lateral acceleration of the vehicle body was applied. The results for these two mentioned curves were compared.
Crystal structure of (E)-N′-(2-chloro-6-hydroxybenzylidene)-3-hydroxybenzo-hydrazide monohydrate, C14H13ClN2O4
Authors: Xu Xue-Li , Li Jin
Published: January 2022

C14H13ClN2O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.7353(13) Å, b = 13.7790(18) Å, c = 10.5227(13) Å, β = 97.961(2)°, V = 1397.9(3) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0367, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1181, T = 296(2) K.
The dynamic configuration of non-linear texts in live blogs: a discursive approach
Authors: Porto López Pablo
Published: January 2022

News platforms increasingly cover ongoing events through live blogs. In these texts, individual updates with the latest developments are issued every few minutes and added into a reverse chronology list containing everything published up to that point. Even though the fragments work as a whole – as they make up a single account of a specific event – they must, at the same time, let online users opt in and out at different points of the coverage, while providing the necessary elements for a felicitous interpretation. This article examines the discursive mechanisms that allow live blogs to do this. The discursive analysis of six reports by The Guardian and BBC News shows that cohesive links that make interpretation dependent on items that have already been mentioned, such as pronouns and conjunctions, while common within single posts, rarely ever create ties across them. The study identifies the most frequent types of cohesive devices between posts and explains how they also interact with other elements that provide them with context. Finally, I conclude that the relative autonomy the posts enjoy enable users to navigate the text in non-sequential ways, which reduces the media’s control over the discursive interaction as the final product is assembled by the reader.
Editorial: Trade Unions and Social Policy in the Process of European Integration
Authors: Kiess Johannes , Seeliger Martin
Published: January 2022

This special issue brings together innovative theoretical perspectives and timely empirical research on trade unions’ impact on the formation and implementation of social policy across Europe and on the European level. The starting point of this editorial and the baseline for the articles included in the issue is the assumption that trade unions remain an important factor in creating and maintaining social policies in the course of European integration. However, the integration process has fundamentally transformed the power constellation between state, capital and labour that once facilitated the post-war establishment of national welfare states in Europe. Since this new constellation impedes trade unions on both the national and transnational level, the emergence of a ‘Social Europe’ remains an unfulfilled promise. In this situation, our editorial focuses on the national impact on European social policy and the European impact on national social policy. This special issue then contributes to the literature in three relevant areas. International comparisons improve our understanding of national policy dynamics and help us in making sense of the institutional heterogeneity within the EU-27. Such comparisons can reach their theoretical potential when applied in explaining institutional dynamics within the multi-level political system of the EU. Last but not least, analyses in the field aim at identifying transnational effects stemming from mutual observation or bilateral initiatives, such as wage coordination or transnational organisations.
Defending institutional power? Unions’ positions towards the extension of collective agreements in Finland, Germany, and the Netherlands
Authors: Günther Wolfgang
Published: January 2022

Statutory bargaining extensions of collective agreements are an effective instrument to stabilise multi-employer bargaining. For unions, this means tensions between the logic of influence and membership. On the one hand, the extension constitutes a central institutional power resource. On the other hand, it might impede collective action if workers are covered without contributing. This article analyses unions’ preferences for extensions in Germany, the Netherlands and Finland, three countries that differ in union power and the trajectories of their bargaining institutions. The article has two findings. First, unions value extensions as a power resource because they prevent wage dumping. Second, union-supporting institutions counteract free-riding. Given new legislative efforts at the EU level, statutory extensions could become more important in the future.
Neural Encoding of Active Multi-Sensing Enhances Perceptual Decision-Making via a Synergistic Cross-Modal Interaction
Authors: Delis Ioannis , Ince Robin A.A. , Sajda Paul , Wang Qi
Published: January 2022

Most perceptual decisions rely on the active acquisition of evidence from the environment involving stimulation from multiple senses. However, our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying this process is limited. Crucially, it remains elusive how different sensory representations interact in the formation of perceptual decisions. To answer these questions, we used an active sensing paradigm coupled with neuroimaging, multivariate analysis, and computational modeling to probe how the human brain processes multisensory information to make perceptual judgments. Participants of both sexes actively sensed to discriminate two texture stimuli using visual (V) or haptic (H) information or the two sensory cues together (VH). Crucially, information acquisition was under the participants' control, who could choose where to sample information from and for how long on each trial. To understand the neural underpinnings of this process, we first characterized where and when active sensory experience (movement patterns) is encoded in human brain activity (EEG) in the three sensory conditions. Then, to offer a neurocomputational account of active multisensory decision formation, we used these neural representations of active sensing to inform a drift diffusion model of decision-making behavior. This revealed a multisensory enhancement of the neural representation of active sensing, which led to faster and more accurate multisensory decisions. We then dissected the interactions between the V, H, and VH representations using a novel information-theoretic methodology. Ultimately, we identified a synergistic neural interaction between the two unisensory (V, H) representations over contralateral somatosensory and motor locations that predicted multisensory (VH) decision-making performance.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn real-world settings, perceptual decisions are made during active behaviors, such as crossing the road on a rainy night, and include information from different senses (e.g., car lights, slippery ground). Critically, it remains largely unknown how sensory evidence is combined and translated into perceptual decisions in such active scenarios. Here we address this knowledge gap. First, we show that the simultaneous exploration of information across senses (multi-sensing) enhances the neural encoding of active sensing movements. Second, the neural representation of active sensing modulates the evidence available for decision; and importantly, multi-sensing yields faster evidence accumulation. Finally, we identify a cross-modal interaction in the human brain that correlates with multisensory performance, constituting a putative neural mechanism for forging active multisensory perception.
Reproducibility of the Rod Photoreceptor Response Depends Critically on the Concentration of the Phosphodiesterase Effector Enzyme
Authors: Morshedian Ala , Sendek Gabriela , Ng Sze Yin , Boyd Kimberly , Radu Roxana A. , Liu Mingyao , Artemyev Nikolai O. , Sampath Alapakkam P. , Fain Gordon L.
Published: January 2022

The high sensitivity of night vision requires that rod photoreceptors reliably and reproducibly signal the absorption of single photons, a process that depends on tight regulation of intracellular cGMP concentration through the phototransduction cascade. Here in the mouse (Mus musculus), we studied a single-siteD167Amutation of the gene for the α subunit of rod photoreceptor phosphodiesterase (PDEA), made with the aim of removing a noncatalytic binding site for cGMP. This mutation unexpectedly eliminated nearly all PDEA expression and reduced expression of the β subunit (PDEB) to ∼5%-10% of WT. The remaining PDE had nearly normal specific activity; degeneration was slow, with 50%-60% of rods remaining after 6 months. Responses were larger and more sensitive than normal but slower in rise and decay, probably from slower dark turnover of cGMP. Remarkably, responses became much less reproducible than WT, with response variance increasing for amplitude by over 10-fold, and for latency and time-to-peak by >100-fold. We hypothesize that the increase in variance is the result of greater variability in the dark-resting concentration of cGMP, produced by spatial and temporal nonuniformity in spontaneous PDE activity. This variability decreased as stimuli were made brighter, presumably because of greater spatial uniformity of phototransduction and the approach to saturation. We conclude that the constancy of the rod response depends critically on PDE expression to maintain adequate spontaneous PDE activity, so that the concentration of second messenger is relatively uniform throughout the outer segment.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRod photoreceptors in the vertebrate retina reliably signal the absorption of single photons of light by generating responses that are remarkably reproducible in amplitude and waveform. We show that this reproducibility depends critically on the concentration of the effector enzyme phosphodiesterase (PDE), which metabolizes the second messenger cGMP and generates rod light responses. In rods with theD167Amutation of the α subunit of PDE, only 5%-10% of PDE is expressed. Single-photon responses then become much more variable than in WT rods. We think this variability is caused by spatial and temporal inhomogeneity in the concentration of cGMP in darkness, so that photons absorbed in different parts of the cell produce responses of greatly varying amplitude and waveform.
Poaching and illegal wildlife trade in western Argentina
Authors: Becerra Sofía , Marinero José , Borghi Carlos E.
Published: January 2022

Human-wildlife interactions, poaching and illegal wildlife trade in particular, are among the major threats to biodiversity around the world, causing species and population extinctions, zoonotic diseases dissemination, and exotic species invasions, among others. Here we assessed the patterns of poaching and illegal wildlife trade in western Argentina. We reviewed official infringement and verification records for 5 years (2015 to 2019) in San Juan province. We assessed the taxa involved and their conservation status, including wildlife uses and poaching elements. We found 58 taxa involved in 697 records. Most of them were birds (72%), followed by mammals (26%) and reptiles (2%). However, mammals are proportionally the most poached taxon in relation to their richness in the region. We detected that the bird Saltator aurantiirostris was the most prevalent species, appearing in 63% of all records, while Diuca diuca, the second most seized species, appeared in 19% of the infringement proceedings.  This study shows that illegal hunting and trafficking are frequent activities affecting many species in the province, and that mammals and birds are the most affected taxa. Mammals were mostly involved in poaching events for their meat and fur, for which individuals were killed. On the other hand, birds were mainly live-captured to be sold as pets. Actions are necessary to protect fauna and raise people’s awareness in order to effectively control these illegal activities and support ecosystem health and integrity. To tackle these problems, it is fundamental to understand the impacts of poaching and trade, improve state control to prevent these activities, and employ non-formal education actions to change people’s behavior towards conservation.
A cigányság képének változásai a harmincéves Educatió®-ban
Authors: Forray R. Katalin
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. A tanulmány a cigány, roma népesség oktatási helyzetét
mutatja be a rendszerváltás óta eltelt időszakban. Áttekinti a kisebbségi
törvény eredményeit és korrekcióját, a magyarországi cigányok által beszélt
nyelvek, a romani és beás nyelvek bevonását a hivatalosan elismert nyelvek közé.
Hangsúlyozza a Gandhi Gimnázium és a Pécsi Tudományegyetemen megvalósult
Romológia Tanszék fontosságát. A cigány, roma népesség túlnyomó többsége ugyan
ma is alacsony iskolázottságú, ám vannak olyan térségek, ahol jelentős
eredmények születtek. Az iskolázottsági szint emelésére irányuló kormányzati,
egyházi és civil erőfeszítések eredményei lassan megmutatkoznak.

Summary. The study reviews policies related to the education of the
Roma population and their outcomes since the change of regime. It presents the
Minority Law and its subsequent amendments to the schooling of Romani and Beas
languages. He emphasizes the importance of Gandhi High School and the Department
of Romology of the University of Pécs. It characterizes the low level of
education of the Roma population by presenting case studies. Finally, it
describes the possibilities of support by describing two helpful interventions.
Most importantly, that the extreme backwardness of the Roma, previously
considered general, has declined significantly.
Tükörbe nézve.
Authors: Polónyi István
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. Ennek a tanulmánynak az a célja, hogy megvizsgálja
fennállásának 30 éves évfordulóján az Educatio folyóirat néhány
tudománymetriai jellemzőjét. Az írás elemzi a folyóirat egyes tartalmi,
mennyiségi jellemzőjét és a neveléstudomány területén mérhető súlyát,
jelentőségét és hatását összehasonlítva a másik három jelentős magyar pedagógiai
folyóirattal: a Magyar Pedagógiával, az
Iskolakultúrával és az Új Pedagógiai
Szemlével. Ezen túlmenően megvizsgálja, hogy a hazai
neveléstudomány jelentősebb műhelyeinek tagjai mennyit publikálnak az
Educatióban és mennyit hivatkoznak a folyóirat
írásaira.

Summary. The purpose of this study is to examine some of the
scientific metrics of the journal Educatio on the occasion of
its 30th anniversary. The article analyzes some of the content and quantitative
features of the journal and its measurable weight, significance and impact in
the field of educational research, comparing it with the other three major
Hungarian pedagogical journals: Magyar Peadgógia (Hungarian
Pedagogy), Iskolakultúra (School Culture) and Új
Pedagógiai Szemle (the New Pedagogical Review). In addition, the
study examines how much the teaching and research members of the most
significant workshops in Hungarian education publish in
Educatio and how much they refer to the journal’s
writings.
Az egyenlőség és az elkülönülés oktatáspolitikájának két korszaka Magyarországon
Authors: Sáska Géza
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. A tanulmány ismerteti a társadalmi egyenlőség
növelésének a harmincas évek közepétől a hatvanas évek elejéig tartó
középosztály-ellenes oktatáspolitikai mozgalmait, a tekintélyelvű és
totalitárius állam egységesítő intézkedéseit. A társadalmi béke teremtése
jegyében a középosztálynak egyre nagyobb engedményeket téve fokozatosan
növekedett a társadalmi rétegek között az iskolai végzettségben mért távolság a
hatvanas évek elejétől. Előbb (oktatási) intézményeken belül, később az
intézmények között legálisan jelent meg a társadalmi egyenlőtlenség. A
nyolcvanas évek közepén, majd a rendszerváltás után az önigazgatás eszméje
alapján átszervezett tanügy- és iskolairányítás következtében lényegében
megszűnt a közoktatás rendszerében a szociális kiegyenlítés eszközrendszere,
amely hiánya a középosztályba tartozó szülők és tanárok számára lehetővé tette
az elit iskolák létrehozását. 2010 után az oktatáspolitika intézményesítette e
spontán folyamatok teremtette helyzetet.

Summary. The study describes the anti-middle-class movements to
increase social equality from the mid-1930s, and the unifying measures of the
authoritarian and totalitarian state until the early 1960s in the education
policy. For aiming at the social peace more and more concessions was made to the
middle class. It caused gradually increased the distance between social strata
in terms of educational attainment. Firstly the social inequality appeared
within (educational) institutions, and later between institutions. In the
mid-1980s, and more after the change of regime, the reorganization of school and
school management based on the idea of self-government abolished the
institutinal system of social equalization in the public education system, which
made possible for the middle-class parents and teachers the creating of elit
schools.
Comparison of raw materials for meat products
Authors: Mihalkó József , Szepesi-Bencsik Dóra , Zsarnóczay Gabriella , Friedrich László Ferenc
Published: January 2022

Animal food, especially meat, has played an important role in the history of mankind. Different meats can be used in the production of meat products. In addition to lean meats, mechanically deboned meat (MDM) and mechanically separated meat (MSM) can also be used in meat products. However, the latter does not qualify as meat due to damage to the muscular structure due to the high pressure applied during the separation, therefore cannot be included in the meat content of products.

The aim of our experiment was to compare whole, minced meat, MDM and MSM from turkey (raw and in the form of meat paste). Technofunctional tests (water-holding and -binding capacity), color measurement, chemical composition (moisture, protein and fat content), electron microscopic recording, rheological properties show that the quality of MSM is inferior to other meat raw materials. These properties can also result in the production of lower quality products.
WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF YASSIALAN DAM LAKE(KARADENIZ REGION, TURKEY) BY USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENTANALYSIS AND WATER QUALITY INDEX
Authors:   Kastamonu University, Mutlu Ekrem , Arslan Naime ,   Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Tokatli Cem ,   Trakya University
Published: January 2022

Aim of the study: In this research, spatial – temporal variations of water quality in Yassıalan Dam Lake were investigated by determining a total of 28 limnologic parameters and by using Water Quality Index (WQI) and Principle Component (PCA). Material and methods: Water samples were collected from seven stations selected on the reservoir monthly in 2018 – 2019 and total of 28 water quality parameters were measured in water samples. WQI was used for evaluating the water quality by using the parameters of pH, EC, Cl, NO2, NO3, SO4, Na, Pb, Cu, Cd, Hg, Ni, Zn and PCA was used for evaluating the water quality by using the variables of pH, BOD, EC, salinity, dissolved oxygen, total hardness, temperature, total alkalinity, Hg, Ca, NO3, NO2, NH4, SO4, Mg, Ca, Fe, Ni, Cl, Zn, Cd, S, Na, K, Pb, Cu. Results and conclusions: According to data observed, water of the Yassıalan Dam Lake has 1st – 2nd Class water quality in general and according to the results of WQI, although it was determined that the water quality decreased significantly in summer period, the reservoir was found as "A Grade – Excellent" water quality (<50) in all the investigated months and at all the investigated stations. WQI values recorded in the dam lake were found as 15.3 – 26.1 and the detected limnologic parameters did not exceed the specified drinking water standards in all the investigated months and at all the investigated stations. According to the results of PCA, 3 factors explained 84.2% of total variances.
Determination of the actual excess excavation ratio (section “Kosino” - “Yugo-Vostochnaya”)
Authors: Ter-Martirosian A. Z , Kivliuk V. P , Isaev I. O , Shishkina V. V
Published: January 2022

Conducting tunneling construction at any depth causes deformations of the earth's surface and, as a result, additional movements of the surrounding buildings, as well as changes in the stress-strain state of the ground mass. When modeling the site of work to assess the impact of the construction of tunnels, it is necessary to take into account the volume loss of soil. The purpose of this work is to determine the technological parameter with further averaging and application in the design of dispersed soils. The article considers the impact on buildings from the construction of a two-track tunnel from the «Kosino» station to the «Yugo-Vostochnaya» station in Plaxis in a two-dimensional and three-dimensional with a design volume loss of soil of 1.5 %. The construction of the tunnels was carried out by a shield with earth pressure balance with a cutting diameter of 10.8 m. The maximum depth of the tunnel from the ground surface is about 27.0 m, the construction site is dominated by dispersed soils. For the considered section of the construction of the distillation tunnel, the calculated volume loss of soil for the two-dimensional problem varies in the range from 0.32 to 0.41 %, for the spatial problem - from 0.52 to 0.78 %. With the same additional draft of the building, there is a percentage increase from 62 to 90 % between the calculated parameters obtained in the schemes in both settings. Taking into account the calculated volume loss of soil at the design stage, obtained from the results of this article, in similar engineering and geological conditions, contributes to the rational distribution of funds, reducing the volume of geotechnical monitoring and measures for the preservation of buildings in compliance with the required standards and safety regulations.
Methodological issues in the History of origin and development of the Foundation Engineering from Ancient times to the beginning of the XVII century
Authors: Shalamova E. A
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the methodology of the history of the emergence and development of knowledge in the field of foundation building from ancient times to the beginning of the XVII century. It is suggested that for the full-fledged formation of general cultural and professional competencies of graduates of higher education in the specialty 08.03.01 «Construction», it is necessary to build relatively deeper historical and theoretical connections in the methodology of the history of foundation construction. The object of the research is the history of the foundation building sciences. The purpose of this work is to analyze the history of the emergence and development of the foundation sciences in the «horizontal cross-section» of scientific periodization at the stage of pre-science within the framework of methodological issues. The research method is system-historical. Results of the research: during the research, the structures of the foundations of individual famous architectural monuments erected during the chronology of world history from the beginning of the primitive society age to the beginning of the New Time are considered. The role of sections of scientific works of the epochs of Antiquity, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance devoted to the structure of foundations and foundations in modern issues of methodology is analyzed. Conclusions are drawn about the rationality of expanding the chronological boundaries in the study of the history of the emergence and development of the sciences of foundation construction to form students of the specialty 08.03.01 «Construction» theoretical knowledge that meets the requirements of modern professional standards.
DETERMINATION OF STRESS AT THE CONTOUR POINTS OF SINGLE UNDERGROUND HORIZONTAL MINE WORKINGS, SUBJECT TO UNIFORM PRESSURE, AND CALCULATION OF THEIR PERMISSIBLE LAYING DEPTH
Authors: Bogomolov A. N , Ushakov A. N , Bogomolova O. A
Published: January 2022

The results of constructing the contour of an underground horizontal mine working of given dimensions and geometric structure based on the method proposed by the authors are presented, the stress state at the points of the contours of the working, the cross-sections of which have the shape of a vault with inclined walls and an ellipse, are given, the permissible laying depths are determined at given values of uniform pressure applied at the points of their contours. The criterion for determining the permissible laying depth is the condition that there are no points on the contours of the workings at which the normal tangential stresses exceed the tensile and compressive strength of the enclosing rock.
HYLAN G-F 20 VERSUS TRIAMCINOLONE IN THE TREATMENT OF PRIMARY SHOULDER OSTEOARTHRITIS. RANDOMIZED TRIAL
Authors: TORTATO SIMONE , POCHINI ALBERTO DE CASTRO , ANDREOLI CARLOS VICENTE , COHEN CARINA , LARA PAULO HENRIQUE SCHMIDT , BELANGERO PAULO SANTORO , EJNISMAN BENNO
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of using an intra-articular injection of hylan G-F 20 (HA group) on primary shoulder osteoarthritis compared with an intra-articular triamcinolone injection (T group). Materials and Methods The patients were randomized into 2 groups: in the HA group a single dose of intra-articular hylan G-F 20 was administered and in the T control group a dose of triamcinolone 20 mg was administered. The participants were evaluated at 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months after the procedure. The patients were evaluated for pain, range of motion, Constant score, modified UCLA score, and SPADI. Results Seventy patients met the inclusion criteria and were randomized to the HA (38) and T (32) groups. Improvements in range of motion were significant (p > 0.05). We observed decreases in the general visual analog scale (VAS) for pain in both groups, especially in the cases of mild and moderate arthritis that received hyaluronic acid (mean values from 8.1 initially to 4.9 after 6 months) (p = 0). Conclusions Both injections led to a decrease in pain and an increase in patient satisfaction. The results tend to be better and longer lasting in patients receiving hyaluronic acid. Level of evidence II b; Cohort study.
EFFECT OF TRANEXAMIC ACID ON FRACTURE HEALING IN RATS
Authors: BAYRAM ERHAN , YUNLU MEHMET , GULABI DENIZ , BOZDAG ERGUN , YILMAZ MURAT , ATLIHAN DOGAN
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction In this study we investigated the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) on fracture healing in an established animal model, when used to stop bleeding in orthopedic trauma surgery. Materials and Methods This study was a randomized, controlled, laboratory study. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups, either receiving TXA intravenously (Group 1), TXA topically (Group 2), or isotonic TXA intravenously and TXA topically in the same amounts for the control group (Group 3). First, a Kirschner wire was inserted retrogradely into the femoral intramedullary canal. Then the femurs were fractured at the midshaft region with blunt guillotine. After 4 weeks, the rats were sacrified and the femurs harvested. Cortical bone volume, callus volume, and bone mineral density were calculated using computer tomography scans. Torsion tests were performed. Groups were compared by maximum torque to failure and callus stiffness. Results There were no statistical differences in torque to failure and stiffness between the 3 groups. There were no differences in mean total bone volume, callus volume, percent bone volume, or callus density between the groups. Conclusions A single dose of topical or intravenous TXA has no negative effect on fracture healing when used in traumatic femur fracture surgery in an animal model. Evidence level II; Randomized controlled experimental study.
ORTHOPAEDIC TELEMEDICINE SERVICES DURING THE CURRENT NOVEL CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
Authors: LARA PAULO HENRIQUE SCHMIDT , OLIVEIRA CAROLINNE NASCIMENTO DE , OLIVEIRA VINÍCIUS TIBURTINO CHAVES , ARAÚJO THAISA ASSAD , OLIVEIRA VICTOR OTÁVIO MORAES DE , ARLIANI GUSTAVO GONÇALVES
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction To evaluate the use of telemedicine by physicians specializing in orthopaedics and traumatology at the authors’ institution, and to assess the rates of satisfaction and resolution for this type of care. The current global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in the expansion of telemedicine services. However, quality measures and barriers for physicians dealing with the rapid increase in patients have not been well described. Materials and Methods This study included 255 patients with orthopaedic complaints. Between 24 and 48 hours after the appointment, independent physicians, who did not participate in the initial appointment, contacted one another to assess the degree of satisfaction with the appointment, and whether there was a solution to the orthopaedic complaint. Results There was a need for referral for face-to-face consultation in only 13.8% of cases. When asked about the probability of recommending telemedicine to a friend/family member, the answer was 90.3%. The satisfaction rate with the service was 91.1% and 93.69% of patients would return for a telemedicine consultation. Telemedicine consultations solved the problem in 82.74% of cases. Conclusions Telemedicine care in orthopaedics proved to be a service modality with a high rate of satisfaction among the patients evaluated. Level of evidence III, Retrospective cohort study.
THE POLYMORPHISM OF METALLOPROTEINASES 1 AND 13 AND POSTTRAUMATIC ELBOW STIFFNESS
Authors: PINTO GUSTAVO DE MELLO RIBEIRO , ASSUNÇÃO JORGE HENRIQUE , SANTOS MARIA CRISTINA LEME GODOY DOS , GODOY-SANTOS ALEXANDRE LEME , GRACITELLI MAURO EMILIO CONFORTO , MALAVOLTA EDUARDO ANGELI , SILVA FERNANDO BRANDÃO DE ANDRADE E , NETO ARNALDO AMADO FERREIRA
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction To evaluate the relationship between the genetic polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 13 and posttraumatic elbow stiffness, as well as the association of other risk factors with this condition. Materials and methods We evaluated 20 patients with posttraumatic elbow stiffness and 12 controls with traumatic elbow disorders without contracture. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was obtained from buccal mucosa epithelial cells of the volunteers. The MMP-1 and MMP-13 genotypes were determined using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assays. Results We did not find any significant differences in the frequency of genotypes and alleles between the test and control groups for the polymorphism of metalloproteinases 1 and 13. We observed that genotypes 1G/2G and 2G/2G of MMP-1 were present in 65% (13/20) of patients with articular stiffness and 50% (6/12) of controls (p = 0.599). Genotypes A/A and A/G of MMP-13 were obtained in 95% (19/20) of patients and 91.6% (11/12) of controls (p = 0.491). Among the prognostic factors for elbow stiffness, only immobilization time correlated positively. The mean immobilization time for cases and controls were 16 ± 10 days and 7 ± 7 days, respectively (p = 0.017). Conclusion The genetic polymorphism of MMP-1 at position -1607 and MMP-13 at position -77 was not associated with post-traumatic elbow stiffness. Level of Evidence III; Prognosis Study; Case-Control Study.
Leaf anatomy and photosynthetic parameters of Vellozia squamata Pohl (Velloziaceae) grown under different light intensities along in vitro cultivation
Authors: Calazans Júnior Elson Rangel , Silveira Conceição Eneida dos Santos , Freitas-Neto Olegário Garcia de , Melo Dario Martins Palhares de , Pereira Luiz Alfredo Rodrigues , Gomes Sueli Maria
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT The present work evaluates photosynthetic parameters and the leaf anatomy of plants of Vellozia squamata Pohl (Velloziaceae) in each phase of in vitro production, with wild plants serving as a control. The anatomical approach was done for the leaf middle portion. The photosynthetic curves were obtained with an infra-red gas analyzer. The in vitro plantlets showed the thinner and poorest developed leaves, the wild plants had the thickest and most developed leaves, and the plants in acclimatization showed intermediate features. The physiological pattern was similar, and the in vitro plantlets were not capable of net carbon absorption. The young seedlings at the garden showed a maximal net carbon assimilation rate inferior to the wild plants. In conclusion, the light intensity for the in vitro phase should be adjusted to produce seedlings.
How the Covid-19 pandemic helped to achieve better well-being in construction: a case study
Authors: Goodger Kate , Murray Josh
Published: January 2022

Laing O’Rourke, like all other construction businesses, was confronted with a raft of challenges at the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic. This paper describes the approach adopted across the business to transform its focus on well-being and improve people’s energy levels. It focused on three Hs: being more human, hybrid working and home complementing work, not competing. The approach has supported better well-being and performance by focusing on the type of work that needed to be done and how it is done. Removing the focus on where work was done has led to greater personal sustainability for project delivery teams and the functional colleagues who support them.
Preoperative asymptomatic bacteriuria in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty in South Africa
Authors: Maharaj Zia , Pillay Tristan , Mokete Lipalo , Pietrzak Jurek RT
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are a leading cause of revision for total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), worldwide. Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is an independent risk factor for PJIs; however, a paucity of data relevant to developing countries exists. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of preoperative ASB and the subsequent incidence of PJIs in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA) in South Africa. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed primary THA and TKA patients. All patients were screened for ASB preoperatively. Patients with positive urinalysis for ASB were identified and treated prior to surgery (treated-ASB). The primary outcome was ASB prevalence and the incidence of PJIs and other perioperative complications. Secondary outcomes included risk factors for ASB and subsequent PJIs in treated-ASB patients, respectively, compared to those with no evidence of ASB (non-ASB). Lastly, we aimed to compare the infective microorganisms cultured from preoperative urinalysis and perioperative sampling of PJIs. RESULTS: We included 179 patients (67 THA; 80% female) with mean follow-up of 2.45 years. ASB prevalence was 22% (n = 39). Patients older than 70 years were 3.5 times more likely to have ASB compared to younger patients (p = 0.005). The prevalence of ASB was 22% (n = 10) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and 22% (n = 29) for HIV-negative patients (p = 0.084). PJI incidence was 8% (n = 3) in the treated-ASB and 1% (n = 1) in non-ASB. Treated-ASB patients had an 11.6-fold increased likelihood of PJIs than non-ASB patients (p = 0.046). pJi microorganisms cultured did not correlate to isolates from urine cultures. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ASB in a TJA population in South Africa is 22% which is higher than reported findings worldwide. Although the value of preoperative antibiotic therapy for ASB remains controversial, there is a role for routine urinalysis preoperatively to identify patients predisposed to PJI. This is of specific significance in the management of HIV-positive patients and in developing countries to guide healthcare providers in resource-constrained environments. Level of evidence: Level 2. Keywords: total hip arthroplasty, total knee arthroplasty, asymptomatic bacteriuria, periprosthetic joint infection, developing country
NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE TEMPERATURE FIELD FOR Fe3Al LASER WELDING
Authors: Bradáč Josef , Hozman Jiří , Lamač Jan
Published: January 2022

The main objective of this paper was focused on a numerical study related to a proper evaluation of the temperature field during the laser-welding process. The investigated material used for the experiments was Fe3Al, given its properties and promising application potential. The original experiment was based on a 3D model of a butt weld. However, to reduce the computational complexity, a planar variant of the heat-transfer equation with suitable choices of surface and volumetric heat sources, given by modified Gaussian pulses, is used to model the temperature distribution in the fixed cross cut during the laser welding. Subsequently, the numerical scheme based on the discontinuous Galerkin method was employed to evaluate the temperature field more properly and to identify the main characteristics of the molten zone. Finally, the numerical study was performed for various combinations of the welding parameters, such as laser-beam power and welding speed. The obtained results were in good agreement with the expected behavior, and thus illustrate the optimization potential of the proposed numerical scheme in the similar issues of a laser-welding processes.
Review on Haploid and Double haploid Maize (Zea mays) breeding technology
Authors: Takele Mitiku
Published: January 2022

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a plant that is grown for human and animal consumption, as well as biofuel and a range of industrial applications throughout the world. By 2020, it is predicted to outnumber wheat and rice in terms of demand. Farmers pick among two types of maize varieties in modern agriculture. Hybrids and open-pollinated varieties are mostly influenced by the current environmental and economic conditions and availability of seed for the preferred variety type. As a result, minimizing the time required for inbred development is critical in supplying varieties that fulfill the needs of modern farmers. The use of doubled haploid technology is the most effective way to accomplish this. The in vivo technique is widely regarded as a valuable tool for improving breeding efficiency. In maize, in vivo haploid induction has been quite successful and several commercial breeding programs currently use it extensively. Many factors such as anther stage, donor plant, and anther preparation were discovered to influence in vitro haploid induction (Androgenesis) in maize. Color indicators are widely used to distinguish typical fertilization kernels from those produced via haploid induction. Because gamete production is hindered in haploid plants, they are sterile. As a result, haploid chromosome duplication is required to permit self-pollination for seed production and genotype preservation. In the production of maize DH lines and colchicine is the most often used chemical as a chromosomal doubling agent. DHs are the ideal material for genetic improvement and genetic studies of maize because of their utility in homozygous line creation, recurrent selection, and induction of mutation, genetic enrichment, and compatibility with other technologies.
Whole mount immunohistochemistry (WM-IHC) v1
Authors: Wawrzyniak Marta , Weber Nathalie , Blanchoud Simon
Published: January 2022

This protocol has been successfully used with colonial tunicates has been adapted to these animals based on the following publication: The onset of whole-body regeneration in Botryllus schlosseri: morphological and molecular characterization.
RNA extraction from colonial tunicates v1
Authors: Wawrzyniak Marta , Blanchoud Simon
Published: January 2022

This protocol has been successfully used with Botrylloides diegensis and has been adapted from the following publication: An efficient low-cost laboratory workflow for the study of blood cells and RNA extractions in marine invertebrates
High School Optogenetics Workshop Protocol v1
Authors: Luo Liudi , W Hina Bryce , W McFarland Brennan , C Saunders Jillian , Smolin Natalie , Catherine R. von Reyn and
Published: January 2022

Although the field of neurotechnology is predicted to grow at a tremendous rate and become a part of our everyday lives, we have not witnessed an equivalent growth rate in neuroscience education at the high school level. This represents a missed opportunity to have an educated public that understands the application and benefits of these technologies, as well as educated students who are able to fill the predicted demand in neurotechnology jobs.There exists a need for hands-on, active learning-based approaches for demonstrating neurotechnology and neuroscience principles to high school students. Here, we describe how to build a low-cost assay and how to run a high school workshop to introduce students to a particular neurotechnology: optogenetics. In the workshop, students use light to activate different neurons in the nervous system of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and use their own cell phone to capture and annotate the behaviors driven by each type of neuron.Our workshop can be adopted in outreach programs to provide a low-cost hands-on learning tool to demonstrate optogenetics and neuroscience concepts to high school classrooms. Additionally, the optogenetics assay may be adopted by resource limited labs looking to perform optogenetics experiments.
Total RNA extraction from frozen placenta tissue v1
Authors: Lindsay-Hewett Scott
Published: January 2022

This protocol describes the isolation of high-quality total RNA from frozen placenta tissue. Tissue is disrupted using a bead beater, and total RNA is isolated using the mirVana miRNA Isolation Kit from Ambion. Written steps are adapted from Ambion's manual for the mirVana miRNA Isolation Kit and BioSpec's instructions for the Mini-BeadBeater-16.
[RETRACTED] Organixx CBD Gummies Reviews! v1
Authors: CBD Gummies Organixx
Published: January 2022

[RETRACTED]

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