bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lumipen 2: Dynamic Projection Mapping with Mirror-Based Robust High-Speed Tracking against Illumination Changes
Authors: Sueishi Tomohiro , Oku Hiromasa , Ishikawa Masatoshi
Published: June 2017

Dynamic projection mapping (DPM) is a type of projection-based augmented reality that aligns projected content with a moving physical object. In order to be able to adjust the projection to fast motions of moving objects, DPM requires high-speed visual feedback. An option to reduce the temporal delay of adjusting the projection to imperceptible levels is to use mirror-based high-speed optical axis controllers. However, using such controllers for capturing visual feedback requires a sufficient amount of illumination of the moving object. This leads to a trade-off between tracking stability and quality of projection content. In this article, we propose a system that combines mirror-based high-speed tracking with using a retroreflective background. The proposed tracking technique observes the silhouette of the target object by episcopic illumination and is robust against illumination changes. It also maintains high-speed, accident-avoidant tracking by performing background subtraction in an active vision system and employing an adaptive windows technique. This allows us to create a DPM with an imperceptible temporal delay, high tracking stability and high visual quality. We analyze the proposed system regarding the visual quality of the retroreflective background, the tracking stability under illumination and disturbance conditions, and the visual consistency relative to delay in the presence of pose estimation. In addition, we demonstrate application scenarios for the proposed DPM system.
Sickness and Cure in Plautus’ Curculio
Authors: Philippides Katerina
Published: June 2017

In contrast to previous scholarship, this paper argues that Plautus’ use of a cook as a dream interpreter inCurculioshould not necessarily be viewed as unsuccessful. Regardless of any putative Greek influence, it is evident that the Cook goes well beyond the bounds of his strictly defined stock role; he is artfully incorporated into the theme of sickness and cure traced out in the first half of the play, given that other characters also participate as actual or metaphorical patients and doctors. Such a theme fits a plot which calls for a sanctuary of Aesculapius in the center of the stage.
The Battle of Shangganling, Korea, October-November 1952
Authors: Gibby Bryan R.
Published: June 2017

The six-week-long Battle of Shangganling (known to the Americans as Operation SHOWDOWN), demonstrated the increasing military effectiveness of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army (cpva) in the Korean War. The cpva intervention in October and November 1950 had deprived the American-led United Nations Command (unc) of an almost certain victory and set the outcome of the Korean War in strategic limbo. After five Chinese-led campaigns and several u.s. Eighth Army counteroffensives, the battle lines stabilized with the cpva still exposed to American firepower from the ground and air. Prolonged negotiations to settle the conflict (begun in July 1951) gave Chinese armies the opportunity to rearm, reform, and establish a competitive tactical method. Both sides deadlocked over the issue of prisoner repatriation in the spring of 1952, leading a frustrated unc to seek to inflict enough damage on Chinese armies while seizing key terrain to make them more likely to accept demands for voluntary repatriation. SHOWDOWN’s failure convinced American leaders that the military power then available in the Korean theater could not settle the war. The Chinese experience at Shangganling produced a similar lesson and further validated the cpva’s doctrine and technique that permitted them to resist the unc’s coercive approach.
The Early War of Resistance and the Changsha ymca, 1937-41
Authors: Hudson James J.
Published: June 2017

During the early stages of the War of Resistance Against Japan (1937-1945), organizations such as theymca(Young Men’s Christian Association) were vital to the local and regional humanitarian relief effort in Changsha, the capital of Hunan province. While the city endured intense bombing from Japanese planes,ymcavolunteers cared for the wounded and dug victims out of rubble. The work of Sophia Zhu Tierong 朱铁荣 (1915-2009) and her husband, Zhang Yifan 张以藩 (1906-1957), were integral to theymca’s leadership and organization. Prior to Changsha’s Fire of 1938, theymcaalso organized an evacuation of refugees from the outskirts of the city to West Hunan. This paper argues that, in the wake of the Nationalist government’s preoccupation with the larger war effort, non-state agencies such as theymcawere critical to the humanitarian relief effort in both the city and region.
Embedding peer support as a core learning skill in higher education
Authors: Ryder Gerard , Russell Philip , Burton Martha , Quinn Paul , Daly Sarah
Published: June 2017

Information, digital and academic literacy skills are more important than ever as the nature of global information streams becomes more complex and increasingly online. New methods are needed to ensure that students are taught to identify, use and critically evaluate this complex information myriad during their education and in their future careers. Peer assisted learning is one method that has been shown to help, and previousresearch in the field of peer support has indicated that the interaction between students at different levels enhances a first-year student’s successful transition into higher education(HE). In 2016,a peer support scheme was introduced at the Institute of Technology Tallaght(ITT Dublin)as collaborationbetween the Department of Mechanical Engineering and the library. Initial evaluation of the programme showedthat some students respond positively to the inclusion of peer supportwithin an academic module. We also found thatpeer tutors have a critical role in the support of a first-year student’s learning and their transition into higher education. They act as role models and guides and can help students form the essential linkages between the different resources they will need to be successful in higher education and beyond. An attractive social strand to the programme can act as a critical motivator for students. Further research is needed to identify the essential elements require.
Assessing the impact of a guided inquiry unit on Year 5 pupils’ information literacy:
Authors: Scott Rebecca
Published: June 2017

A guided inquiryunitwas planned and implemented for Year 5 pupils to develop their information literacy. Using TRAILS, a forced-choice knowledge assessment, two topics were selected for focus during the inquiry:‘identify potential sources’and ‘evaluate sources and information’. The post-inquiry assessment indicated an increase in pupils’ understanding in the ‘evaluate sources and information’ area. However,theuse of TRAILS software had both benefits and limitations as a tool to measure the impact on learning.
Are Multiple Tropical Cyclone Events Similar among Basins?
Authors: Schenkel Benjamin A.
Published: June 2017

The present study intercompares multiple tropical cyclone event (MTCE) characteristics among each global tropical cyclone (TC) basin using best-track data. Specific focus is placed on examining the number of MTCEs and TCs during MTCEs, the zonal distance between TCs during MTCEs, and the spatiotemporal separation between genesis events during MTCEs. The results suggest that the ratio of MTCEs relative to single TCs is substantially higher in the eastern North Pacific (ENP), western North Pacific (WNP), and south Indian Ocean (SI) basins compared to the North Atlantic (NA) and South Pacific (SP). The prolific nature of ENP, WNP, and SI MTCE activity results in approximately half of TCs occurring during MTCEs. During new TC genesis, the majority of preexisting TCs are generally located westward at a consistent zonal distance from new TC genesis for MTCEs within each basin with median values between −1620 and −1961 km. TC-induced Rossby wave dispersion may set this zonal length scale as implied by its moderate-to-strong correlations (R = 0.38–0.85; p < 0.05) with the shallow-water zonal wavelength of TC-induced stationary Rossby waves. A substantial majority of TC genesis events occur progressively eastward during ENP, WNP, and SP MTCEs, whereas NA and SI MTCEs exhibit no such tendency. Last, the temporal separation between the genesis of preexisting and new TCs is generally similar among basins with median values between 3 and 4 days. Together, these results are indicative of unusual similarity in MTCE characteristics among basins despite differences in environmental and TC characteristics in each basin.
Osmotic Mobilization and Union Support during the Long Protest Wave, 1960–1995
Authors: Ferguson John-Paul , Dudley Thomas , Soule Sarah A.
Published: June 2017

To examine whether and how social movements that target private firms are influenced by larger protest cycles, we theorize about osmotic mobilization—social movement spillover that crosses the boundary of the firm—and how it should vary with the ideological overlap of the relevant actors and the opportunity structure that potential activists face inside the firm. We test our hypotheses by examining the relationship between levels of protest in U.S. cities around issues like Civil Rights, the Vietnam War, and the women’s movement and subsequent support for labor-union organizing in those cities. Combining nationally representative data on more than 20,000 protest events from 1960 to 1995 with data on more than 150,000 union organizing drives held from 1965 to 1999, we find that greater levels of protest activity are associated with greater union support, that spillover accrued disproportionately to unions with more progressive track records on issues like Civil Rights, and that these effects were disproportionately large in the wake of mobilization around employment-related causes and shrank in the wake of conservative political reaction that limited room for maneuver among the external protesters, the labor movement, or both. Our research helps to specify the channels through which external pressures affect firm outcomes.
A Tale of Three Cities: Defining Urban Schools Within the Context of Varied Geographic Areas
Authors: Schaffer Connie L. , White Meg , Brown Corine M.
Published: June 2017

What constitutes an urban school? This question has confounded social researchers and educators who often limit definitions to population data. H. Richard Milner suggested a framework for defining urban schools that includes population data as well as the racial and social context of schools. This article applied Milner’s model to school districts in New York, Nebraska, and New Mexico which exemplified Milner’s categories of urban schools: urban intensive, urban emergent, and urban characteristic. Application of the framework to the districts presents a model for teacher educators to deliver two important components of preservice preparation. First, the model can assist preservice teachers to challenge their existing perceptions of urban schools. Second, establishing a framework provides teacher educators the opportunity to guide preservice teachers to view urban schools through a Critical Race Theory lens. Through this lens, preservice teachers can begin to realize the impact of systemic racism within education.
Time- and Self-Related Memories Predict Restorative Perceptions of Favorite Places Via Place Identity
Authors: Ratcliffe Eleanor , Korpela Kalevi M.
Published: June 2017

Top–down processing has been highlighted as a potential, but as yet understudied, aspect of restorative environmental experience. In an online study, N = 234 adults resident in Finland rated their favorite Finnish place on measures of perceived restorativeness, perceived restorative outcomes, and place attachment, and provided qualitative descriptions of the place and a positive memory associated with it. Thematic analysis of qualitative data revealed seven themes underpinning place memories: the environment itself, activities within it, cognitive responses, emotional responses, social context, self, and time. Mediated regression analyses showed positive and significant relationships between restorative perceptions and the presence of memories of self and time, as mediated via place attachment (place identity factor). These findings emphasize the contribution of the person to the perception of their restorative experiences in places, particularly in the form of personal memories that can enhance place identity.
Cycles of resource nationalism: Hegemonic struggle and the incorporation of Bolivia and Indonesia
Authors: Kaup Brent Z , Gellert Paul K
Published: June 2017

Scholars often see resource nationalism as either a strategy to protect national interests or an opportunistic tactic to take advantage of capitalist market upswings. However, resource nationalism is not solely a strategy for an oppressed or disadvantaged group to gain power or glean a greater share of a nation’s resource wealth. Examining the extractive peripheries of Bolivia and Indonesia at two distinct temporal junctures, we demonstrate how global power struggles affect both the possibilities for resource nationalism and the variegated forms it takes across time. Taking resource nationalism to be an action by state actors in extractive peripheries to gain both economically and politically and linking sites and moments of resource nationalism to world-systemic processes, we argue that resource nationalism is a cyclical process shaped by the strategies of hegemons and their challengers. In addition, we argue that resource nationalism tends to garner greater benefits for actors in extractive peripheries when ascending global powers provide them viable alternative markets for their raw materials.
A new approach for periodic disturbance rejection in input-time-delay systems
Authors: Chen Xin , Cai Wenjing , Wu Min , Cao Weihua
Published: June 2017

An innovative approach combining equivalent-input-disturbance (EID) theory with the internal model principle is applied to achieve periodic disturbance rejection in input-time-delay systems. The EID estimator, which exhibits the synthetic effect of the time-delay and the periodic disturbance as an input-dependent disturbance, is constructed by inserting appropriate time-delay elements to compensate for the total influence of the input-time-delay and the periodic disturbance. A sufficient stability criterion is derived based on the separation theorem and the small-gain theorem. A design algorithm is developed for the system based on the stability criterion. Design and simulation results for the example are also employed to compare our method with the disturbance observer approach, and to demonstrate the validity of our method.
Delegative democratic attitudes: Theory and evidence from the Asian barometer survey
Authors: Kang Youngho , Lee Dongwon
Published: June 2017

This paper analyzes the factors influencing whether individuals have delegative democratic attitudes (i.e. supporting strong executive power with little oversight from the legislature). Roughly up to 50% of voters in East Asia have delegative democratic attitudes, which are known to undermine democratic governance in new democracies. Understanding delegative democratic attitudes is thus closely linked to the question of why delegative democracy persists. Our theoretical analysis suggests that delegative democratic attitudes are associated with low support for democracy, a perception of the strong influence of interest groups on policy, and trust in a national leader who can counter the power of interest groups. Using Asian Barometer Survey data from East Asian countries, 2001–2011, we confirm the hypotheses. Our findings imply that transforming a delegative democracy into a consolidated democracy requires promoting support for democracy and preventing interest group dominance over public policy.
Surgical treatment for double-chambered right ventricle in a septuagenarian
Authors: Unosawa Satoshi , Osaka Shunji , Arimoto Munehito , Hayashi Yuuki , Kitazumi Yoshiki , Tanaka Masashi
Published: June 2017

The majority of patients with double-chambered right ventricle present during childhood; it is rarely treated in adults. We report the case of a 71-year-old woman who presented with mild fatigue for 2 years. Investigation of an ejection systolic murmur revealed a double-chambered right ventricle with a peak gradient of 147 mm Hg across the right ventricular outflow tract. Substantial right ventricular muscle bundle resection and augmentation of the right ventricular outflow tract with a bovine pericardial patch were performed after a right ventriculotomy.
Adjuvant chemotherapy for elderly patients with non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Yamanashi Keiji , Okumura Norihito , Yamamoto Yoshiharu , Takahashi Ayuko , Nakashima Takashi , Matsuoka Tomoaki , Kameyama Kotaro
Published: June 2017

Background

Adjuvant chemotherapy after complete surgical resection is currently the standard of care for patients with stage IB, II, or IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer. However, the generalizability of this treatment to elderly patients is controversial. We investigated the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients aged over 75 years with stage IB-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 246 consecutive patients aged over 75 years with stage IB-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer who underwent standard lung cancer surgery between January 2001 and December 2015. They were divided into 102 who had adjuvant chemotherapy and 144 who had none (control group). The outcomes were compared between the two groups, and prognostic factors were evaluated.

Results

Relapse-free survival and overall survival were significantly shorter in the control group than the chemotherapy group ( p = 0.006 and p = 0.008, respectively). In multivariable analyses, adjuvant chemotherapy was found to be an independent prognostic factor for relapse-free survival and overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.594, 95% confidence interval: 0.396–0.893, p = 0.012; and hazard ratio = 0.616, 95% confidence interval: 0.397–0.957, p = 0.031, respectively). After inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting adjustment using the propensity score for baseline characteristics, chemotherapy almost improved relapse-free survival and overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.652, 95% confidence interval: 0.433–0.981, p = 0.040; and hazard ratio = 0.657, 95% confidence interval: 0.429–1.004, p = 0.052, respectively).

Conclusions

Adjuvant chemotherapy improved the prognosis after standard lung cancer surgery in patients aged over 75 years with stage IB-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer.
Continuous bilateral thoracic paravertebral blockade for analgesia after cardiac surgery: a randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Lockwood Geoff G. , Cabreros Leilani , Banach Dorota , Punjabi Prakash P.
Published: June 2017

Background:

Continuous bilateral thoracic paravertebral blockade has been used for analgesia after cardiac surgery, but its efficacy has never been formally tested.

Method:

Fifty adult patients were enrolled in a double-blind, randomised, controlled study of continuous bilateral thoracic paravertebral infusion of 0.5% lidocaine (1 mg.kg-1.hr-1) for analgesia after coronary surgery. Control patients received a subcutaneous infusion of lidocaine at the same rate through catheters inserted at the same locations as the study group. The primary outcome was morphine consumption at 48 hours using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Secondary outcomes included pain, respiratory function, nausea and vomiting. Serum lidocaine concentrations were measured on the first two post-operative days.

Results:

There was no difference in morphine consumption or in any other outcome measure between the groups. Serum lidocaine concentrations increased during the study, with a maximum of 5.9 mg.l-1. There were no adverse events as a consequence of the study.

Conclusion:

Bilateral paravertebral infusion of lidocaine confers no advantage over systemic lidocaine infusion after cardiac surgery.

Clinical trial registration:

ISRCTN13424423 ( https://www.isrctn.com )
The relationship between myocardial and hepatic T2 and T2* at 1.5T and 3T MRI in normal and iron-overloaded patients
Authors: Kritsaneepaiboon Supika , Ina Natee , Chotsampancharoen Thirachit , Roymanee Supaporn , Cheewatanakornkul Sirichai
Published: June 2017

Background

Cardiac and liver iron assessment using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is non-invasive and used as a preclinical “endpoint” in asymptomatic patients and for serial iron measurements in iron-overloaded patients.

Purpose

To compare iron measurements between hepatic and myocardial T2* and T2 at 1.5T and 3T MRI in normal and iron-overloaded patients.

Material and Methods

The T2 and T2* values from the regions of interest (ROIs) at mid-left ventricle and mid-hepatic slices were evaluated by 1.5T and 3T MRI scans for healthy and iron-overloaded patients.

Results

For iron-overloaded patients, the myocardial T2 (1.5T) and myocardial T2 (3T) values were 60.3 ms (range = 56.2–64.8 ms) and 55 ms (range = 51.6–60.1 ms) (ρ = 0.3679) while the myocardial T2* (3T) 20.5 ms (range = 18.4–25.9 ms) was shorter than the myocardial T2* (1.5T) 35.9 ms (range = 31.4–39.5 ms) (ρ = 0.6454). The hepatic T2 at 1.5T and 3T were 19.1 ms (range = 14.8–27.9 ms) and 15.5 ms (14.6–20.4 ms) (ρ = 0.9444) and the hepatic T2* at 1.5T and 3T were 2.7 ms (range = 1.8–5.6 ms) and 1.8 ms (range = 1.1–2.9 ms) (ρ = 0.9826). The line of best fit exhibiting the linearity of the hepatic T2* (1.5T) and hepatic T2* (3T) had a slope of 2 and an intercept of –0.387 ms (R = 0.984).

Conclusion

Our study found myocardial T2 (1.5T) nearly equal to T2 (3T) with myocardial T2* (3T) 1.75 shorter than myocardial T2* (1.5T). The relationship of hepatic T2* (1.5T) and hepatic T2* (3T) was linear with T2* (1.5T) approximately double to T2* (3T) in iron-overloaded patients. This linear relationship between hepatic T2* (1.5T) and hepatic T2 (3T) could be an alternative method for estimating liver iron concentration (LIC) from 3T.
Staying Close or Going Away: How Distance to College Impacts the Educational Attainment and Academic Performance of First-generation College Students
Authors: Garza Alma Nidia , Fullerton Andrew S.
Published: June 2017

It is widely documented that first-generation college students attain bachelor’s degrees at lower rates than their peers. First-generation students also consistently prioritize distance to college in their school decision-making process. How distance impacts their educational performance, however, is an issue that has not received sufficient research attention. This study uses the Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study (BPS:04/09) to investigate whether the distance between the permanent residence of first-generation students enrolled in four-year degree programs and their attending college impacts their educational attainment and grade point average (GPA). We find that first-generation students who attend colleges at a greater distance from home are more likely to graduate from college with a bachelor’s degree. We do not find strong support for the relationship between distance and a student’s GPA in most years of enrollment. We discuss the way college accessibility reinforces inequality within higher education along with the theoretical implications of our findings.
Japanese healthcare: Fostering competition and controlling costs
Authors: Tiessen James H. , Kato Ken
Published: June 2017

Japan’s universal healthcare system is relatively inexpensive, provides accessible services, and was established nearly 10 years before Canada’s. Two aspects of Japan’s system are particularly interesting. The first is that there is active competition for patients between a variety of hospital providers, which can be privately or publicly owned. This competition is based on service quality because prices are set centrally. The second feature is that these prices are adjusted biannually by a National Council, the Chuikyo, that includes payers (employers), providers, and third-party experts in public negotiations. This process improves transparency, reduces political stakes, and allows for appropriate fee adjustments. Recent movements in Canada toward more activity-based funding and greater management accountability are developing the capabilities of healthcare executives to embrace these ideas, if introduced in Canada. The increased autonomy afforded to providers will empower their leaders to make strategic decisions to improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare services.
Entrepreneurship education for film and media arts
Authors: Damásio Manuel José , Bicacro Joana
Published: June 2017

Entrepreneurship education is a complex topic that can be discussed from a variety of perspectives. One key question in the discussion concerns how one can adapt the general core principles of entrepreneurship education, many of which are closely linked to business education, to other academic areas that currently lack this type of education. This article discusses the challenges of developing a model of entrepreneurship education for the creative industries sector. Focusing specifically on film and media arts education, the authors examine the results of a qualitative and quantitative study of both industrial and educational (teachers and students) stakeholders’ perceptions of the relevance and role of entrepreneurship education in this field. In light of the results of the study, the authors propose a strategy and methodology for entrepreneurship education for the creative industries.
Micro-milling of unreinforced and reinforced polypropylene
Authors: Kuram Emel
Published: June 2017

It is essential to determine the micro-machinability performance of polymer and glass fiber–reinforced polymer composite in order to effectively utilize the polymer and its composite as an engineering material at the micro-scale world. However, a literature survey revealed that not much work was done on the micro-milling of polymer and its composite. In the light of literature surveys, it can be said that the novelty of this study is to investigate the micro-milling performance of polypropylene and glass fiber–reinforced polypropylene manufactured with plastic injection molding process. The tests were performed at different feed rates and spindle speeds and the effect of these parameters on tool wear, burr width and micro-milling forces was investigated. In general, it was concluded that wear and forces in micro-milling of reinforced polypropylene composite were higher than that of unreinforced polypropylene. Micro-milling forces increased with feed rate and spindle speed for both materials. The lowest top burr size and force values were obtained at the feed of 50 mm/min and the spindle speed of 20,000 r/min. Unreinforced polypropylene gave better performance with respect to glass fiber–reinforced polypropylene composite from micro-machinability aspect.
Fault-tolerant tracking control for a multi-vectored thrust ellipsoidal airship using adaptive integral sliding mode approach
Authors: Xiao Chang , Han Ding , Wang Yueying , Zhou Pingfang , Duan Dengping
Published: June 2017

This paper addresses the position and attitude tracking control problem for a recently designed ellipsoidal airship with four vectored thrusters. External disturbances, thruster faults, mass matrix and aerodynamic coefficient uncertainties, which are inevitably encountered in practice, can deteriorate the control system performance of airship and even lead to system instability. To meet these challenges, we develop an adaptive integral sliding mode control method without requiring the prior knowledge of mass matrix and aerodynamic coefficients, in which these uncertainties and faults are considered simultaneously. We showed that the three Cartesian positions and three Euler attitude angles could globally asymptotically track the desired values in the face of external disturbances, thruster faults, mass matrix and aerodynamic coefficient uncertainties. Simulation results validate the effectiveness and advantage of proposed methods.
Are You Smiling, or Have I Seen You Before? Familiarity Makes Faces Look Happier
Authors: Carr Evan W. , Brady Timothy F. , Winkielman Piotr
Published: June 2017

It is clear that unreinforced repetition (familiarization) influences affective responses to social stimuli, but its effects on the perception of facial emotion are unknown. Reporting the results of two experiments, we show for the first time that repeated exposure enhances the perceived happiness of facial expressions. In Experiment 1, using a paradigm in which subjects’ responses were orthogonal to happiness in order to avoid response biases, we found that faces of individuals who had previously been shown were deemed happier than novel faces. In Experiment 2, we replicated this effect with a rapid “happy or angry” categorization task. Using psychometric function fitting, we found that for subjects to classify a face as happy, they needed less actual happiness to be present in the face if the target was familiar than if it was novel. Critically, our results suggest that familiar faces appear happier than novel faces because familiarity selectively enhances the impact of positive stimulus features.
Expanding Axonal Transcriptome Brings New Functions for Axonally Synthesized Proteins in Health and Disease
Authors: Kar Amar N. , Lee Seung Joon , Twiss Jeffery L.
Published: June 2017

Intra-axonal protein synthesis has been shown to play critical roles in both development and repair of axons. Axons provide long-range connectivity in the nervous system, and disruption of their function and/or structure is seen in several neurological diseases and disorders. Axonally synthesized proteins or losses in axonally synthesized proteins contribute to neurodegenerative diseases, neuropathic pain, viral transport, and survival of axons. Increasing sensitivity of RNA detection and quantitation coupled with methods to isolate axons to purity has shown that a surprisingly complex transcriptome exists in axons. This extends across different species, neuronal populations, and physiological conditions. These studies have helped define the repertoire of neuronal mRNAs that can localize into axons and imply previously unrecognized functions for local translation in neurons. Here, we review the current state of transcriptomics studies of isolated axons, contrast axonal mRNA profiles between different neuronal types and growth states, and discuss how mRNA transport into and translation within axons contribute to neurological disorders.
On-line adaptive observer for buildings based on wave propagation approach
Authors: Morales-Valdez Jesús , Alvarez-Icaza Luis , Concha Antonio
Published: June 2017

A novel on-line system identification method for shear beam building models, based on a wave propagation approach, is developed as an alternative solution to modal analysis methods for the health assessment of multi-story buildings. A discrete shear beam model is introduced that is used to design an adaptive observer, allowing for the estimation of displacements and velocities, as well as the unknown shear wave velocities and damping coefficients in real-time. The adaptive observer design is based only on acceleration measurements, does not need a coordinate transformation, and uses the normalized recursive least squares method with forgetting factor and a parameter projection scheme to achieve stronger convergence. Moreover, the proposed identification scheme employs a novel parameterization based on linear integral filters, which eliminates constant disturbances and attenuates measurement noise. The algorithm efficiency is demonstrated through experimental results on a reduced scale five-story building.
The Aftermath of a Hepatic Artery Aneurysm—A Rare Etiology of Biliary Obstruction!
Authors: Linzay Catherine , Seth Abhishek , Suryawala Kunal , Sheth Ankur , Boktor Moheb , Bienvenu John , Rahim Robby , Sangster Guillermo P , Jordan Paul A
Published: June 2017

Background:

Hepatic artery aneurysms (HAAs) constitute 14% to 20% of visceral artery aneurysms. Most HAAs are asymptomatic. Although rare, obstructive jaundice due to external bile duct compression or rupture of the HAA into the biliary tree with occlusion of the lumen from blood clots has been reported.

Case presentation:

A 56-year-old white man presented to an outside hospital with symptoms of obstructive jaundice, including abdominal pain and yellowing of the skin. Imaging showed a large HAA. Patient was transferred to our hospital where an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with biliary stenting was performed. This was followed by coil embolization of the HAA with improvement in symptoms and liver chemistries.

Conclusions:

Most clinicians agree that management of HAA is highly variable and depends on clinical presentation and anatomic location. Biliary stenting provides temporary relief for patients with obstructive jaundice. Definitive options include open aneurysmal repair versus endovascular therapy. Hepatic artery aneurysms represent a significant risk for hemorrhage and therefore must be addressed promptly once discovered.
Grappling with the future: The messiness of pilot implementation in information systems design
Authors: Hertzum Morten , Manikas Maria Ie , á Torkilsheyggi Arnvør
Published: June 2017

Pilot implementation is a method for avoiding unintended consequences of healthcare information systems. This study investigates how learning from pilot implementations is situated, messy, and therefore difficult. We analyze two pilot implementations by means of observation and interviews. In the first pilot implementation, the involved porters saw their improved overview of pending patient transports as an opportunity for more self-organization, but this opportunity hinged on the unclear prospects of extending the system with functionality for the porters to reply to transport requests. In the second pilot implementation, the involved paramedics had to print the data they had entered into the system because it had not yet been integrated with the electronic patient record. This extra work prolonged every dispatch and influenced the paramedics’ experience of the entire system. We discuss how pilot implementations, in spite of their realism, leave room for uncertainty about the implications of the new system.
Discourses on disconnectivity and the right to disconnect
Authors: Hesselberth Pepita
Published: June 2017

Taking the “right to disconnect” discussion as a starting point, this article considers how the im/possibility of “opting out” is ruminated in scholarly discourses on technology non-use, media resistance, and media disruption. I argue that while very different in scope, these discourses converge in that they all revolve around a structuring paradox. On one hand, this paradox is set in place by the paradox of dis/connectivity itself (no disconnectivity without connectivity). On the other hand, I argue, it is incited and reinforced by the use of scholarly methods that appear to be at odds with the gesture of disconnectivity itself, whether they be empirical, discursive, or technical (or legislative). This article stakes a claim for the importance looking at these discourses on dis/connectivity from the point of view of this structuring paradox, for it is here, I argue, that the limits of our current “culture of connectivity” are most forcefully negotiated.
Selling Subversion: An African City and the Promise of Online Television
Authors: Chávez Christopher A. , Cordes Ashley
Published: June 2017

When An African City, an online television series produced in Ghana, debuted in 2014, the show immediately garnered a following, both within Ghana and abroad. The success of An African City demonstrates not only the capacity for independent filmmakers to reach global markets in the digital age, but by subverting dominant narratives about Africa it also suggests that, under certain conditions, creating counter-hegemonic narratives can be economically successful. Using Bourdieu’s theory of practice as an analytical framework, we examine how the creators of the show use various forms of capital to produce a commodity that can circulate within the global marketplace. At the same time, we also examine how the transnational nature of the show also determines the degree to which its creators can disrupt western discourses about Africa.
A Squire Index Update
Authors: Squire Peverill
Published: June 2017

The measure of legislative professionalization I developed was first published a quarter century ago. Since then, updates have appeared periodically. In this note, I briefly document the measure's usefulness in academic research and then calculate it for 2015. For reasons I detail, the updated measure is corrected for a misestimate of days in session for some states.
Challenges and progress in interpretation of non-coding genetic variants associated with human disease
Authors: Zhu Yizhou , Tazearslan Cagdas , Suh Yousin
Published: June 2017

Genome-wide association studies have shown that the far majority of disease-associated variants reside in the non-coding regions of the genome, suggesting that gene regulatory changes contribute to disease risk. To identify truly causal non-coding variants and their affected target genes remains challenging but is a critical step to translate the genetic associations to molecular mechanisms and ultimately clinical applications. Here we review genomic/epigenomic resources and in silico tools that can be used to identify causal non-coding variants and experimental strategies to validate their functionalities.

Impact statement

Most signals from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) map to the non-coding genome, and functional interpretation of these associations remained challenging. We reviewed recent progress in methodologies of studying the non-coding genome and argued that no single approach allows one to effectively identify the causal regulatory variants from GWAS results. By illustrating the advantages and limitations of each method, our review potentially provided a guideline for taking a combinatorial approach to accurately predict, prioritize, and eventually experimentally validate the causal variants.
A “critical leadership ethics” approach to the Ethical Leadership construct
Authors: Price Terry L
Published: June 2017

This paper uses moral philosophy to critique leadership theory and the phenomenon of leadership itself. It is an example of what I call “critical leadership ethics,” which engages the existing literature to locate, catalog, and—ultimately—respond to the primary ethical problems of this applied context. I illustrate the approach by analyzing the Ethical Leadership construct. One positive aspect of this construct is that it helps us identify the ethically troubling features of leadership. But the main objective of the paper is ultimately a negative one. My primary thesis is that the Ethical Leadership construct fails to capture the true depth of the critique of leadership. In the final section of the paper, I draw on particular moral theories to develop the beginnings of a response to these problems. I also suggest how critical leadership ethics might move forward as a research agenda.
Coaching competency and trust in coach in sport teams
Authors: Kao San-Fu , Hsieh Ming-Hui , Lee Po-Lun
Published: June 2017

This study examines the relationship between coaching competency as evaluated by athletes and their perceptions of trust in their coaches. The authors hypothesize that athletes’ evaluation of four dimensions of coaching competency is positively related to their trust in their coaches, and that this relationship is stronger at the team level than at the individual level. In total, 438 basketball players (251 males and 187 females) from 34 teams completed the Coaching Competency Scale (CCS) and the trust in the coach questionnaire during the postseason. The hypotheses were tested through hierarchical linear modeling. The analyses revealed that individual- and group-level evaluations of the four-dimensional CCS (motivation, game-strategy, technique, and character-building competencies) positively predicted trust in the coach; furthermore, group-level coaching competency was the primary contributor to this relationship. Therefore, improving the psychological and tactical skills of coaches and their skill detection abilities and instruction at training together with a positive attitude toward sports may help improve the trust of athletes in their coaches.
An exploratory study of investment behaviour of investors
Authors: Mak Mark KY , Ip WH
Published: June 2017

The financial industry plays a significant role in Mainland Chinese and Hong Kong economies and has aroused increasing managerial and academic interests in recent decades. Individual investors are becoming more cautious towards financial investment which makes it difficult for financial service providers to formulate marketing strategies after experiencing several financial crises. Prior research has suggested that financial investment behaviour would be affected by various factors, including the demographic characteristics of individuals; however, they seldom study the differences in financial investment behaviour between Mainland Chinese and Hong Kong investors or provide an easy-to-use approach for practical usage. This exploratory study aims at filling the identified research gap by proposing linear regression models of the financial investment behaviour of Mainland Chinese and Hong Kong investors. Based on the results of regression analyses, (i) there exist significant differences in financial investment behaviour between Mainland Chinese and Hong Kong investors, and (ii) investors’ psychological, sociological and demographic factors are significant predictors of their investment behaviour/preferences. Thus, financial service providers are able to predict the investment behaviour/preference of its customers and formulate marketing and strategic decisions, such as customizing the financial investment portfolio of customers on the basis of regression models built.
Differential Responses of Bird Species to Habitat Condition in a Coastal Kenyan Forest Reserve
Authors: Banks J. E. , Jackson C. H. W. , Gagic V. , Baya A. , Ngala D.
Published: June 2017

The management of assemblages of species across many taxa is a common concern in conservation. Consequently, the use of one or a few surrogate or indicator species to represent an entire assemblage has become an increasingly important tool in conservation science. However, conservation schemes based on the needs of one or two focal species often fail to account for individualistic responses of larger assemblages of species. Data from bird point counts along with vegetation characteristics from a coastal tropical dry forest in Kenya that is subject to elephant disturbance were used to explore the differential responses of bird species to environmental conditions in a forest reserve where wildlife management includes both endangered birds and mammals. Results revealed that even birds with similar foraging habits had idiosyncratic responses to both environmental traits and elephant disturbance. While overall species responded to important characteristics such as percent canopy cover and leaf litter depth, individualistic responses of different species trait diversity defied easy characterization of optimal forest management schemes. Taken together, our analyses highlight the difficulty in basing the development of management plans for entire assemblages of species on the response of a single or a few species. Implications for wildlife conservation in Arabuko-Sokoke Forest and similar forest reserves are discussed, emphasizing the need for a better understanding of individual species’ responses to forest conditions.
Countering the dominance of a global north in early childhood education through an Indigenous lens in the global south
Authors: Skerrett Mere
Published: June 2017

This article challenges the global coloniality of the doctrine of domination that re-presents itself in Aotearoa/New Zealand as an uneven ‘partnership’ between Māori (the Indigenes) and the colonizer (the British). That domination is maintained through the western positivistic one-size-fits-all ‘global north’ policies and practices in a colonial education system which is hegemonic and racist. The work of Kōhanga Reo (Indigenous language nests) in the early year’s education stream means a continuous flow of productive unsettlement, in order to survive, in order to dismantle the hegemonic structures and in order to transform Indigenous children’s lives. Through the southern lens of a ‘counter-global coloniality’, some of the historical antecedents of the doctrine of ‘civilization’ and philosophical underpinnings of Kōhanga Reo are sketched in terms of their ability to transform pedagogies of oppression and neoliberal futures. It is argued that Indigenous knowledge and languages can mediate the power relations of colonial dominance and Indigenous subordination, because they provide the keys to unlock and liberate the spaces, places and minds of coloniality.
Letter to my children from a place called Land
Authors: Solís Silvia Patricia
Published: June 2017

Initially written in the form of an essay, this letter is written to my children from a place called Land. It unveils the entanglements coloniality creates in young, racialized, and gendered lives through the colonial logics structuring childhood, memory, and borders. From a diasporic perspective, Land emerges as flesh rooted in the saberes, the knowledge of our mothers and grandmothers. Remembering and returning to the places we call home, in my case, US/Mexico border, help us grapple with trauma and also learn ways people respond to the violence. I illuminate the colonial wounds we bare and the knowledge we carry to suture and heal.
Campylobacter jejuni myocarditis: A journey from the gut to the heart
Authors: Obafemi M Toba , Douglas Homeyra
Published: June 2017

Objectives:

Campylobacter jejuni is an unusual cause of myocarditis and could easily be missed.

Methods:

We describe a case of a 25 year old man, who presented with 3 day history of vomiting and diarrhoea, followed by chest pain and significant high sensitive troponin rise.

Results:

The patient’s profuse diarrhoea was accompanied by raised inflammatory markers, electrocardiogram changes and evidence of cardiomyopathy on transthoracic echocardiogram. Various aetiological viral serologies which were tested for came back negative. However, stool culture was positive for the bacteria, Campylobacter jejuni. He was successfully treated with antibiotics and made an uneventful recovery.

Conclusions:

Campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis has a worldwide prevalence. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and treatment is crucial when this organism is implicated in myocarditis.
Angioedema: Perioperative management
Authors: Maynard Andrew A , Burger Christina F , Schlesinger Joseph J
Published: June 2017

Objective:

To describe the perioperative management of a patient with acquired angioedema (AAE).

Methods:

A 66-year-old Caucasian male presented from an outside hospital with a history of acquired angioedema and gastrointestinal stromal tumor–related intractable urticaria and mastocytosis. He was admitted for urgent laparoscopic partial gastrectomy, secondary to gastric outlet obstruction symptomatology. Previous combined attacks were characterized by a widespread rash, abdominal pain and respiratory distress resulting in hospitalization. Following preoperative consultation with the patient’s allergist and a hospital pharmacist, he was treated preoperatively with fresh frozen plasma and his home prednisone dose. C1-inhibitor (Berinert®) was on standby along with epinephrine, given that the underlying etiology (C1- inhibitor deficiency vs histaminergic) was not known.

Results:

There were no intraoperative complications, and the patient was discharged home 3 days after the procedure.

Conclusions:

Optimization of perioperative outcomes in patients, especially during urgent or emergent surgery, with a history of angioedema requires the development of a patient-specific perioperative plan, including prophylaxis, rescue therapies and opioid-sparing strategies.