bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catalytic properties of paper-immobilized horse serum butyrylcholinesterase
Authors: Bauk Sonja , Pajić Nataša
Published: October 2024

Fast and reliable detection of toxic organophosphates (OPs) is an important safety issue due to their widespread application, extreme toxicity and potential use as chemical warfare agents. Recently, paper has attracted considerable attention as inexpensive, biodegradable, biocompatible and hydrophilic material, which is owing to its unique features very suitable matrix for fabrication of fast-responding and low-cost analytical tools in health and environmental applications. Bioactive paper sensors with immobilized enzymes that enable colorimetric readout are used for naked-eye detection and able to operate without sophisticated equipment. Cholinesterases (ChEs) are enzymes susceptible to inhibition by OPs with high sensitivity and this property enabled the invention of simple detectors and disposable analytical devices for OPs assay. This work reports simple and cost-effective immobilization of commercial horse serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) on paper-based matrix and describes the catalytic properties of the immobilized enzyme relevant from some practical aspects related to storage and operating conditions.
Magnetoimpedance effect of nanocrystalline FeNiSiB and FeCuVSiB ribbons
Authors: Surla Radoslav , Vasić Milica , Minić Dragica , Radović Ljubica , Mitrović Nebojša , Crnomarković Pavel
Published: October 2024

The Magnetoimpedance (MI) effect of Fe-based nanostructured alloy ribbons Fe72Ni8Si10B10 (A) and Fe72Cu1V4Si15B8 (B) was studied, compared for the two ribbons, and finally correlated with their composition and microstructure. The nanostructured ribbons were prepared by melt-spinning on a cold rotating disk. Basic characterization of the studied ribbons was performed by XRD and SEM-EDX techniques. It was found that the MI ratio of ribbon A is significantly lower than that of ribbon B, but the effects were observed at different frequencies. The maximal MI ratio of ribbon A was detected at 57.57 MHz, while in the case of ribbon B, that was the frequency of about 13 MHz. The structure of both ribbons consists of a certain amount of nanocrystals, a-(Fe, Ni) for the ribbon A and aFe(Si) for the ribbon B, which are embedded in an amorphous matrix. The MI effect and the frequency of its maximum are determined by the mobility of the magnetic domains in the samples, which is correlated with the microstructural specificities of individual ribbons.
Influence of process parameters in additive manufacturing on the quality of produced metal parts
Authors: Mladenović Maja , Mandić Jovana , Ćitić Aleksandar , Pejović Vesna , Grubić Aleksa , Živković Srđan
Published: October 2024

The paper presents the results of investigating the influence of different additive manufacturing parameters on the microstructural and mechanical properties of the produced metal specimens. Metal specimens were obtained by additive manufacturing (AM) on the PBF-LB machine in steel quality of X2CrNiMo17-12-2 (steel 316L). Visual examination, microscopic analysis, hardness tests and tensile tests were performed. Significant porosity as well as reduced elongation of tensile specimens was observed in specimens manufactured before parameter correction. After adjusting the process parameters i.e. reducing the laser power, scanning speed and hatch spacing, no porosity was observed. Moreover, improved mechanical properties were obtained, which meet the criteria for conventionally produced steel X2CrNiMo17-12-2 as defined by the standard SRPS EN 10088-3. This shows that the material properties of AM metal parts strongly depend on process parameters. In order to ensure a high quality of AM metal parts, it is necessary to perform material characterization (structural and mechanical testing of specimens) after every parameter adjustment.
Cavitation erosion monitoring of 42CrMo4 steel samples using the image and morphological analysis
Authors: Alil Ana , Nedović Stanica , Martinović Sanja , Volkov-Husović Tatjana
Published: October 2024

The choice of steel depends on environmental factors like temperature, pressure, and chemical exposure. Steel components in machinery often face varying conditions that can lead to damage, such as cavitation erosion. In this study, steel 42CrMo4 samples were chosen to represent a common and widely used steel. Application of this type of steel is often related to the statically and dynamically stressed components for vehicles, engines, and machines, where corrosion or cavitation can occur. The behavior of steel samples under conditions of cavitation erosion in distilled water was the focus of this paper. Testing was performed using a standard cavitation vibratory setup using a stationary specimen, according to the ASTM G-32 procedure. Image and morphological analyses were implemented to quantify the level of sample degradation caused by cavitation. The observed changes in the monitored parameters during testing are linked to the degradation mechanism of cavitation erosion. The results showed that pits began forming within 60 minutes, and afterward, the growth and merging of these pits significantly impacted the degradation process.
Cavitation erosion monitoring of mullite ceramic sample using image analysis
Authors: Martinović Sanja , Alil Ana , Volkov-Husović Tatjana
Published: October 2024

Numerous industrial equipment are designed to withstand harsh operating conditions that among others include cavitation erosion. This study examined the cavitation erosion behavior of mullite, a common material used in furnace linings and casting processes such as Lost Foam which is a novel way to produce castings offering both high quality and reasonably priced. The ultrasonic vibratory method with a stationary sample was employed to achieve cavitation erosion, while image analysis was used to measure the degree of surface deterioration. This study aimed to assess the lifetime of mullite under cavitation exposure by quantifying the morphological parameters of the defects through image analysis and by monitoring material behavior. The obtained results were discussed and analyzed in order to understand degradation mechanisms and sample resistance to cavitation erosion. The results demonstrate that mullite is highly resistant to cavitation, as the volume loss is minimal and the surface degradation is below 6% after 180 minutes of exposure.
Test setup for qualification of power supply for GenIII night vision Image intensifiers
Authors: Petričević Slobodan , Mihailović Peđa , Atanasijević Petar
Published: October 2024

GenIII image intensifiers have been in use for decades and have undergone continuous improvements in terms of performance. Delicate matching of each individual tube with customized power supply remains workforce intensive and is one of bottlenecks in mass production. With each individual intensifier module having distinctive characteristics, achieving standardized performance in serial production is accomplished by compensating for tube individuality with programmable power supply unit. Since power supply and tube must be enclosed in a sealed package, matching is a one-time operation. For a power supply unit to be capable of matching tube variations in production, it must be capable of wide range of adjustments in polarization voltages. Thus, each power supply must be individually qualified on a dedicated test bench and must satisfy strict requirements for wide adjustment ranges. This paper presents a dedicated, custom made, test bench and its operations for testing power supplies in mass production and qualifying them for tube matching.
Improvement of product quality by implementation QFD methods
Authors: Vujatović Branko , Vujatović Marija , Grubač Darko , Stojanović Nenad
Published: October 2024

In nowadays business conditions, such as increased competition and the rapid market changes, companies can be distinguished by the quality of services resulting from analysis and matching opportunities with market requirements. One way is to use the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method. This method has shown a significant effect in the EU countries, the USA, and especially in Japan, while in our country its use is not widespread in the quality system. From the market perspective, there are three basic product characteristics: price, quality and delivery time. These facts are used in the planning process, based on user requirements interpretation into appropriate quality characteristics for each phase of the product life cycle (marketing, planning, design, prototype development, production process testing and development, production, sales). The common goal of the entire team working on the project must be the product competitiveness on the market. This method application has led to significant improvements in solving deficiencies in planning, designing, testing and developing the production process. In this paper, we presented the QFD method application for selecting products or services that meet the quality, price, and delivery time requirements.
Factors Affecting Academic Performance in Araling Panlipunan among Junior High School Learners of Gingoog City
Authors: Abao Jay Marie G. , Taganas Wilma R. , Comon Jovit D.
Published: October 2024

This study examined factors influencing academic performance in Araling Panlipunan, considering both Learners-Related (study habits, learning attitude, subject interest, and environment) and Teacher-Related (commitment and subject knowledge) factors. It focused on students' academic performance during the 2nd and 3rd Quarters of SY 2022-2023 and assessed the correlation between these factors and academic achievement. The research employed a descriptive-correlational design and involved 204 Grade 7 to Grade 10 students from Alfonso Ang Militante Integrated School and BACKKISMI National High School South 2 District Division of Gingoog City. Sample size determination followed Slovin's formula with a 0.05 margin of error, and participants were selected proportionally by grade level. Descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were used for analysis. Findings indicated that students perceived themselves as having strong study habits, positive attitudes toward learning, and a keen interest in the subject. The students also perceived their teachers as highly committed and knowledgeable in Araling Panlipunan. Moreover, students achieved satisfactory grades during the 2nd and 3rd quarters of SY 2022-2023. Notably, a strong positive correlation was found between student-related factors and academic performance in Araling Panlipunan, while a moderate positive correlation existed between teacher-related factors and academic performance in the subject. The study recommends that students enhance their learning strategies, including active engagement and technology utilization, while teachers should create more engaging learning environments using available technology to benefit students and foster communication with parents.
Differentiated Instructional Practices and Academic Performance in Mathematics
Authors: Vacalares Angeline B. , Elbanbuena Carmelita O. , Comon Jovit D.
Published: October 2024

This study addresses the challenge of student performance in Mathematics by evaluating the effectiveness of differentiated instructional practices. Conducted in the Division of El Salvador City during the 2022-2023 school year, the research involved 156 teachers. It aimed to explore the respondents' profiles, the effectiveness of varied instructional methods, and their relationship to student performance in Mathematics during the First and Second Quarters. Data was collected through a descriptive questionnaire and analyzed using statistical tools like mean, frequency, standard deviation, and Pearson correlation. The findings indicate a significant positive relationship between differentiated instructional practices and students' academic performance in Mathematics. Differentiated instruction, which caters to diverse learning needs, enhances students’ understanding by fostering engagement, motivation, and comprehension. The study concludes that Mathematics teachers possess a moderate level of proficiency in using differentiated instructional practices. It highlights the importance of supportive learning environments, continuous professional development, and access to necessary resources for promoting academic success. Recommendations include ongoing professional development in Mathematics instruction and differentiation strategies, as well as targeted intervention programs for struggling students. Aligning tiered assignments with curriculum goals is also emphasized to ensure personalized instruction and the effectiveness of classroom tasks.
Sustainable Cost Management and Green Business: The Role of Managerial Accounting Innovations
Authors: Hossain Muhammed Zakir , Hasan Latul
Published: October 2024

This research explores the impact of innovations in managerial accounting on sustainable cost management, focusing on the integration of green business practices. The objectives are to analyze how technological, process, strategic, and organizational innovations contribute to cost savings and sustainability performance, and to provide recommendations for practitioners and policymakers. A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing case studies from various industries. Data collection involved detailed analysis of company reports and sustainability metrics, while statistical techniques were used for data analysis.
Key findings reveal that big data analytics and real-time reporting significantly enhance energy efficiency and cost savings, aligning with existing literature on the benefits of data-driven decision-making. Activity-Based Costing (ABC) and Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) improve cost allocation accuracy and environmental cost tracking, resulting in substantial cost reductions. Strategic frameworks like the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and Life-Cycle Costing (LCC) effectively integrate sustainability goals with business objectives, promoting long-term financial and environmental benefits. Organizational practices, including cross-functional teams and strong top management commitment, are crucial for successful sustainability initiatives.
The study concludes that these innovations in managerial accounting are vital for achieving sustainable cost management. Recommendations for practitioners include investing in advanced technologies, adopting strategic costing methodologies, and fostering a collaborative organizational culture. Policymakers are advised to create incentives and regulations that encourage sustainable practices. Future research should focus on the long-term impacts of these practices, industry-specific adaptations, and the socio-economic benefits of sustainable cost management. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable business practices and provides practical guidance for enhancing sustainability through managerial accounting innovations.
The Determinants of Fiscal Pressure in a Context of Crisis in the Central African Republic
Authors: BANZARA Jean-Lambert
Published: October 2024

The Central African Republic is one of the six member countries of the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC), and the only non-oil producing country in the community whose own budgetary resources come essentially from taxes. The country's modest budgetary resources are due to the low mobilization of tax revenues, as a result of the under-exploitation of its fiscal potential, linked to that of its economic potential. While the studies carried out on the determinants of CAR's tax burden have made it possible to isolate the long-term structural factors such as GDP per capita, agricultural value added, the degree of economic openness and external financing that influence tax burden, the effects of the socio-political crises that have occurred at various times and sequentially have not been taken into account to assess their short, medium and long-term consequences on the country's tax burden.
The aim of this work is to integrate periods of socio-political crisis in CAR into the determinants of tax pressure and to assess their effects on the country's tax mobilization.
The Utilization of Stakeholder Management Frameworks for the Successful Completion of Construction Projects in Zambia
Authors: Munthali Alice , Kaliba Chabota
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to examine the utilization of stakeholder management frameworks in the Zambian construction industry using the Kariba Dam Rehabilitation Project (KDRP) in Siavonga as a case study. The study was pinned on the stakeholder theory using a mixed methods design that involved integrating quantitative data and desk/secondary research. The target population comprised industry practitioners and project team members working on the KDRP project. Using judgmental (or purposive) sampling, 91 respondents took part in an online survey and over 30 articles were examined in the systemic review. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS V23 by running descriptive frequency statistics and the studies were grouped using Atlas.ti software. The study demonstrated a good level of knowledge and positive attitude by construction workers on the KDRP of stakeholder management. The biggest factors that influenced the implementation and application of stakeholder management frameworks were a lack of project or organizations management interest to implement stakeholder management frameworks and lack of skill by contractors and project managers to apply stakeholder management frameworks among others. The study concluded that there is no stakeholder management framework in use in the Zambian construction industry. Therefore it is recommended that the concerned engineering bodies advocate for the development of national or industry-specific policies, regulations, or guidelines that promote stakeholder engagement in construction projects.
The Effectiveness of Model KEDUSIA-RSM based on Android against Knowledge, Attitude and Skills of Family, Family Satisfaction, and Cognitive Function for Older Adults
Authors: Maryam Raden Siti , Sahar Junaiti , Sari Nina Kemala , Haryanto Joni , Budi Indra
Published: October 2024

Older adults with dementia can be a burden to the family. Family nursing interventions through android applications in the digital era are very important to improve family coping skills in caring for elderly with risk of dementia. Objective: The research objective aims to obtain an android-based model of KEDUSIA-RSM which is effective for improving knowledge, attitude and skill of family, family satisfaction, and cognitive function of the older adults. Method: This study uses quasi experiment with pre and post test design with the control group. The sampling strategy used a multistage cluster with a total sample size of 168, namely 84 families in the intervention group and 84 families in the control group. Results: There is a significant difference in the average ability to care for the family such as knowledge, attitudes, skills and care satisfaction between measurements (before, 2 months and 4 months after the model intervention) in the intervention group (p value <0.05; repeated measure ANOVA). There was a significant difference in the mean cognitive function of the elderly between the two groups in the measurement before and after 4 months (p value <0.05; independent t-test). Conclusion: The KEDUSIA-RSM nursing model is effective in increasing the ability to care for and satisfaction in caring as well as improving cognitive function in the elderly.
The Ecological-Spiritual Complex in Novels of Southern Vietnam in the First Half of the 20th Century
Authors: Thu Ta Anh , Linh Truong Thi , Hong Nguyen Thi
Published: October 2024

Ecocriticism began in the 70s of the twentieth century. Up to now, the theory of ecocriticism is becoming more and more complete. Understanding the relationship between humans and nature, in the spirit of ecological humanism, non-anthropocentrism, philosophy of respect for life, and respect for “place” has brought ecocriticism to a new level in literary research. Ecocriticism elevates nature to the level of humans in the symbiotic relationship of coexistence in today's turbulent universe, especially with the threat of an increasingly harsh human living environment (drought, flood, earthquake, disease, etc.). Applying the theory of ecocriticism when studying classic literary works of the world helps scientists reconsider the concept of classical authors on the relationship between the natural environment and humans. With statistical analysis and comparative methods, we use ecological criticism theory to study some Southern Vietnamese novels of the early 20th century, especially the aspect of spiritual ecological complexity.
“Os heróis nunca morrem”: a constituição da posição social do rapper no início do século XXI
Authors: Gatti Vanessa Vilas Bôas
Published: October 2024

Este artigo visa refletir sobre a constituição da posição simbólica do rapper brasileiro a partir do início do século XXI, analisando duas músicas de grupos deste período: “Us herois não morrem”, de Alvos da Lei; e “Programado pra morre”, de Trilha Sonora do Gueto. Trata-se de refletir sobre a força simbólica dessa produção artística, que traz revelações sobre a sociedade, acomoda personagens em condutas éticas específicas, atribui e oferece significados, categorias e sentidos que ganham vida para além do gênero musical e que, nesse sentido, caracterizam o carisma do rapper.
lei Paulo Gustavo: assimetrias entre trabalho e formação do músico nas políticas públicas de cultura
Authors: Nogueira Bruno Pedrosa , Couto Ana Carolina Nunes de
Published: October 2024

Este artigo apresenta o resultado de uma investigação sobre a Lei Paulo Gustavo, implementada no ano de 2023 no Brasil, peça considerada fundamental na retomada do Ministério da Cultura. A partir de uma observação crítica do texto principal do edital e de seus anexos aplicados nos estados que receberam o maior volume de recurso no país, buscou-se entender que papel a formação do músico tem na consolidação do profissional de música e na garantia de acesso ao fomento na área. Dialogando a análise com a perspectiva de autores de políticas culturais, como Albino Rubim, José Carlos Durand, Nestor Garcia Canclini e Philippe Urfalino, da formação musical, como Marcus Pereira, Carlos Sandroni, Luis Ricardo Silva Queiroz, Luan Sodré de Souza, e da sociologia das profissões, como Eliot Freidson, entre outros, a pesquisa mostra uma distância desproporcional entre políticas públicas de ensino e fomento, problematizando o papel da formação na constituição do profissional da música.
Um currículo para o cultivo do músico popular profissional: uma análise da proposta da Bituca – Universidade de Música Popular
Authors: Pereira Marcus Vinícius Medeiros , Barbosa Amanda Martins
Published: October 2024

O texto analisa as lógicas de criação curricular para a formação do músico popular profissional, destacando a proposta da Bituca – Universidade de Música Popular. Esta instituição se apresenta como uma alternativa aos currículos tradicionais, que são estruturados com base na música erudita ocidental, especialmente no Ensino Superior. Foram utilizadas como fontes: documentos produzidos pela escola, entrevistas semiestruturadas com coordenadores e mestres da instituição, além das respostas dos egressos da Bituca a um questionário on-line. As ferramentas teóricas da Teoria dos Códigos de Legitimação permitiram desvelar os princípios organizacionais do currículo e compreender as críticas direcionadas aos cursos superiores de música. Os resultados indicam que a lógica de construção curricular da Bituca visa estruturar um processo de formação do músico popular por meio da imersão prática. Esse processo promove a interação com mestres renomados em plena atividade profissional e utiliza um repertório intencionalmente selecionado, focando na música popular brasileira, especialmente a mineira. Assim, a seleção de conhecimentos é flexível, adaptando-se às demandas da prática musical e dos estudantes.
Literatura coral Goianiense em cena: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Oliveira Raimundo Vagner Leite de , Amaral Roberto Antonio Penedo do , Nascimento Hugo Alexandre Dantas do
Published: October 2024

Objetiva investigar pesquisas que abordam a literatura coral goianiense, identificando canções que, em sua essência, refletem aspectos locais e possuem características técnicas, históricas e estilísticas de Goiás. Baseando-se em Sampaio e Mancini (2007) e na ferramenta Parsifal (2023), ambos focados em revisão sistemática, a estrutura deste artigo segue uma sequência que considera o posicionamento de nove estudos em relação a uma lista de qualidade, a um formulário de extração de dados e às questões de pesquisa conforme os dados extraídos. Embora poucos estudos abordem essa literatura, destaca-se a importância do coro para a identidade cultural e histórica do estado. Composta por música clássica, folclórica e popular, seus elementos atravessam tradições que permeiam o imaginário do povo goiano. Possuindo aspectos de relevância (científica, política, pedagógica, social, histórica) e significado, esta pesquisa dará à literatura coral goianiense a visibilidade e importância que ela merece, considerando-a um patrimônio histórico e cultural imaterial do Estado, tema até então inexplorado.
A escuta como estratégia enunciativa: uma crítica a dois modelos ontológicos de descrição e análise da experiência auditiva
Authors: Pizaia Daniel Gouvea
Published: October 2024

Este artigo propõe uma análise crítica às premissas que fundamentam teorias ontológicas materialistas recentes vinculadas ao campo dos estudos do som, buscando entendê-las pela via de uma dimensão ética-auditiva. Foram escolhidos os textos de Christoph Cox e Salomé Voegelin como objetos iniciais de estudo. Primeiramente, apresentamos alguns trabalhos que investigam o som e a escuta a partir de seus elementos histórico-sociais. Posteriormente, analisamos argumentos teóricos representativos que marcam as abordagens selecionadas. Comparamos os enunciados dos autores a uma ilustração de peças e traços sonoros característicos. A fim de compreendermos os limites e problemáticas das abordagens, buscamos situá-las por meio das noções foucaultianas de prática discursiva e modalidade enunciativa.
Vehicle object detection and ranging in vehicle images based on deep learning
Authors: Huizhi Hu , Shisen Jiang , Xiuqing Wang , Shuan Chen
Published: October 2024

In order to improve the accuracy of vehicle target detection and the stability of ranging in driving environments, a vehicle target detection and ranging method based on deep learning is proposed. The YOLOX-S algorithm is used as the vehicle target detection framework for improvement: the CBAM attention module is introduced on the basis of the original algorithm to enhance the network feature expression ability, and the confidence loss function is replaced by Focal Loss to reduce the training weight of simple samples and improve the attention of positive samples. The vehicle ranging model is established according to the imaging principle and geometric relationship of the vehicle camera, and the ranging feature point coordinates and camera internal parameters are input to obtain the ranging results. The self-made Tlab dataset and BDD 100K dataset are used to train and evaluate the improved YOLOX-S algorithm, and a static ranging experimental scene is built to verify the vehicle ranging model. The experimental results show that the improved YOLOX-S algorithm has a detection speed of 70.14 frames per second on the experimental data set. Compared with the original algorithm, the precision, recall, F1 value, and mAP are improved respectively 0.86%、1.32%、1.09%、1.54% ; within the measurement range of 50 m in the longitudinal direction and 11.25 m in the lateral direction, the average ranging error is kept within 3.20% . It can be seen that the proposed method has good vehicle ranging accuracy and stability while meeting the real-time requirements of vehicle detection.
ECG signal analysis and detection system based on deep learning
Authors: Yingqi Liu , Han Chenyu , Zimu Li , Wei Luo , Xinrui Huang , Haofeng Wang
Published: October 2024

In view of the problems of large workload and easy error in traditional manual recognition of ECG signals, and the existing ECG monitoring equipment still has few ECG signal recognition types, low diagnostic accuracy, and excessive reliance on network services, in order to improve the performance of ECG monitoring equipment, an ECG (Electrocardiogram Signals) analysis and detection system is designed based on deep learning technology. The SENet-LSTM (Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks Long Short Term Memory) network model is built to realize automatic diagnosis of 7 categories of ECG signals. The model is built on an intelligent hardware platform that uses ADS1292R as ECG acquisition module, STM32F103 as data processing module, and Raspberry Pi as central processing module. The system uses the integrated high- performance microcomputer Raspberry Pi for calculation and analysis, providing users with offline artificial intelligence (AI: Artificial Intelligence) services. At the same time, the accuracy and precision of the model are and respectively 98.44%, 90.00%thereby realizing real-time detection and accurate classification of ECG, providing patients with accurate disease diagnosis.
Design of low-cost humidity sensor based on chipless RFID
Authors: Bo Wang , Youwei Li , Ke Wang
Published: October 2024

It is of great significance to design a low-cost chipless radio frequency identification(RFID) sensor for environmental humidity  monitoring. To this end, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film is used as a humidity sensitive material, and the overall size of the rectangular substrate is 18 mm × 18 mm ×0.5 mm. Through the humidity sensing principle and simulation analysis, the change of environmental humidity causes the change of the dielectric constant of the humidity sensitive material PVA, which in turn affects the resonant frequency offset of the entire sensor. The simulation results show that the relative humidity working range of the designed humidity sensor is 21.9% ∼ 52.5%, the corresponding sensor resonant frequency range is 2.76 ∼ 2.51GHz, the total offset reaches 250 MHz, and the average sensitivity at the maximum relative humidity is 23.08MHz/% . The designed humidity sensor has the advantages of miniaturization, simple structure and low cost, and can be used for humidity monitoring in various target environments. Keywords.low cost; chipless RFID humidity sensor; polyvinyl alcohol; humidity monitoring; humidity sensitive material.
Provisions of International Responsibility in Accordance with the Rules of International Law
Authors: Alshaikhi Mishary
Published: October 2024

The establishment of liability is considered a natural punishment in any legal system, whether through national legal systems, in particular the international community, and responsibility in this case arises, regardless of the person who violates the provisions of national or international law, as a result of the error or unlawful act committed by the offending person, and the cause of damage to another person, which leads to the establishment of responsibility in favour of the latter against the person who committed an unlawful act, or refrained from doing a legitimate act, and the cause of this act or omission is harmful to another person. Based on the foregoing, international responsibility in the face of States and other persons of public international law addressed under international legal rules as a normal procedure resulting from the establishment of international responsibility as a result of violating the sources establishing international legal rules, namely either international treaties, international custom or even general principles of law, where the State that violated the provisions and rules of international law is obliged to compensate the State affected by the wrong or wrongful act, or by restoring the situation to their correct as much as possible, and the establishment of international responsibility in this case is considered an actual translation of the provisions and rules of international law through its practical application on the ground Reality. As a result of international law's keenness to protect the international community and its rights from illegal practices, international responsibility must be established towards any person of public international law who has infringed on the rights of other persons, which has added some effectiveness to the rules of international law, unlike in the past when resorting to the settlement of disputes by peaceful means was almost impossible.
El Impacto del Metaverso en Educación Superior: Evaluación de los Entornos Inmersivos para mejorar el Aprendizaje y la Interacción Estudiantil
Authors: Loján Carrión María del Cisne , Torres Torres Olga Libia , Sancho Aguilera David , Romero Paguay José Antonio
Published: October 2024

Este estudio analiza la efectividad del metaverso en el aprendizaje y la interacción educativa mediante un enfoque mixto basado en encuestas y entrevistas a estudiantes y docentes. El objetivo fue determinar el impacto de los entornos inmersivos en la adquisición de conocimientos y la dinámica de interacción. Los datos obtenidos evaluaron dos áreas clave: la efectividad del metaverso en el aprendizaje y su influencia en la interacción educativa. Los resultados muestran una tendencia positiva, con una valoración promedio de 4.32 para su impacto en el aprendizaje  y 4.10 en la interacción, lo que refleja una percepción favorable hacia el metaverso como herramienta educativa. Estos hallazgos indican que el metaverso mejora la comprensión y retención de conceptos, así, como interacción y colaboración entre estudiantes. Las conclusiones subrayan la importancia de integrar tecnologías inmersivas en las estrategias pedagógicas, sugiriendo que el metaverso puede generar experiencias educativas más dinámicas y efectivas. Se recomienda seguir investigando su impacto a largo plazo en diversos contextos educativos y en el desarrollo de competencias clave. Sin embargo, su implementación requiere una planificación detallada, inversión en infraestructura y capacitación continua. Con una integración adecuada, el metaverso puede contribuir significativamente a mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza, facilitando un aprendizaje interactivo y adaptado a las necesidades del siglo XXI.
Retrospective Analysis of the Anti Spitting Laws in Various Geographical Locations and Implementing Sectors in India
Authors: Dev Monica , Ravi Priyanka , Bhadauria Upendra Singh , Das Diptajit , Khurana Charu , Ivaturi Anupama , Bhargava Stuti S , Mohammad Kausar , Choudhary Abdul Hakim , Priya Harsh
Published: October 2024

Objective: Public spitting attributable to Smokeless Tobacco (SLT) use not only causes a threat to public cleanliness but also to the people exposed around them. An electronic search on various anti-spitting laws and ban in India was done using Google search engine for duration of three months (November 2018 to January 2019). Material and Methods: The original state gazettes were reviewed to extract the data on spit ban and penalty. Renewals of Acts were also thoroughly checked for recent updates of penalty or severity of the act. The law implementing bodies were broadly classified as National, State, Municipal, Village councils (Gram Panchayat), Airports, Metro Railway, and Company Law Tribunal. Results: A total of 42 Anti-spitting laws were identified in this search and 16 states had anti spitting law under different sectors. Discussion: Under these laws, sign boards and warnings are placed commonly at Airports, Railway stations, and metro stations. States with high rates of SLT users like Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram did not have any policy on spitting. Conclusion: Strong enforcement of anti-spitting laws in India will not only reduce spread of communicable diseases but also indirectly will reduce the act of using SLT also.
Community Perception on Rabies Prevention and Control Among the General Population in Puducherry: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Santhaseelan Amarnath , Dhasaram Premnath , Ganesh Karthika , Krishnamoorthy Kannan
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Rabies, a deadly viral disease transmitted through animal bites, poses a significant public health challenge in many regions, including Puducherry. Effective prevention and control rely heavily on community awareness and perception. Understanding how the general population perceives rabies risk and prevention strategies is crucial for developing targeted public health interventions. Objectives: To describe the sociodemographic profile and to assess community perceptions of rabies prevention and control among the general population in Puducherry. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study, conducted in the rural and urban Puducherry region from October 2023 to December 2023. A total of 200 individuals were chosen from rural and urban Puducherry regions using a systematic random sampling technique. Individuals over 18 years of age residing in both rural and urban areas of Puducherry were included in the study. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data and entered in MS Excel 2019. Chi-square test was applied to test the difference in knowledge between urban and rural. Results: The majority of the study participants belonged to the age group of 18-29 years (55%), 152 were males and 48 were females. Most of the participants (99%) heard about Rabies and their source of knowledge about Rabies was from Doctors (40.5%), Newspapers & Media (39.5%), and Friends (19.0%). Approximately 82.5% of participants were aware of how rabies is transmitted, while 78.5% understood the signs of the disease. Conclusion: Education plays a significant role in the awareness of rabies as most participants were educated at least up to the primary level in the current study. According to our findings, clear gaps exist in rural people's understanding and attitudes toward rabies prevention and control.
Comparison of Effectiveness of Teaching Steps of Abdominal Palpation Using Manikin vs Video Demonstration for First Clinical Year Students
Authors: Mutalik Anirudh V , Duraisamy Praveen , Kandasamy Senthilkumaran , Jeevithan S. , Kaliannan Chinnusamy
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Acquiring fundamental procedural skills is crucial for medical graduates to ensure patient safety. Traditional teaching methods may compromise safety, leading to the rise of Simulation-based Medical Education (SBME) and video-based instructional approaches. This study compares the effectiveness of manikin-based and video-based training for abdominal palpation techniques among second-year MBBS students. Objectives: The primary objective is to compare the proficiency of students undergoing manikin-based (Group A) and video-based (Group B) training in abdominal palpation techniques. Secondary objectives include assessing specific skill aspects, understanding student perceptions, and exploring gender differences. Methods: A comparative study was conducted among 146 second-year MBBS students, randomly assigned to Group A (manikin skill training) or Group B (videobased skill training). A structured questionnaire with 15 questions assessed skill proficiency. Data were analyzed using SPSS 27, with descriptive statistics, Student's t-test, and subgroup analyses for gender differences. Results: High proficiency (>93%) was observed in both groups. Group A had a statistically higher overall score than Group B (14.2 ± 0.69 vs. 13.83 ± 0.98, P<0.05). Group A also showed significant advantages in posture and hand position (43.2% vs. 28.2%), superficial palpation (100% vs. 94.4%), and spleen palpation (100% vs .93%). No significant gender differences were noted within the groups. Conclusion: Manikinbased training is superior to video-based training for abdominal palpation techniques, emphasizing the importance of active engagement and hands-on practice in medical education.
A Cross Sectional Study on the Expression of MIB-1 and P16INK4a in Oral Carcinoma in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Priya M. , Theresa J. Margaret , Sukanya J.S. , Rakesh J. Gerard
Published: October 2024

Background: Oral cancer is one of most prevalent cancer with high morbidity and mortality rate in India. Around 90% are squamous cell carcinomas among the oral cancers. Uncontrolled proliferation of cell is considered to be the key processes of oncogenesis. MIB-1 or Ki67 is expressed in all proliferating cells and used as a tool for estimating the percentage of dividing cells within a tumor. In addition to it, MIB-1 acts as a potentially prognostic marker in oral malignancies. Materials and Methods: Around 100 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma were assessed for nuclear atypia, mitotic activity and necrosis. For Ki-67, strong nuclear positivity was seen as favorable. There were three grades: 1 for 10–30%, 2 for 30–50%, and 3 for 50% and above. The number of positive cells and staining intensity for p16 (nuclear or/and cytoplasmic staining) were computed. Results: Ki-67 and p16 expressions were seen in oral squamous cell carcinomas that are well, moderately, and poorly differentiated. Ki-67 expression increased when grades rose from well differentiated to poorly differentiated carcinoma. p16 had a better expression in well differentiated carcinoma compared to poorly differentiated carcinoma. The mean mitotic count, were increased in high grade neoplasms. Conclusions: Therefore, the expression of p16 and Ki-67 in malignant lesions of the oral squamous cell carcinoma can be used in conjunction with the histomorphological attributes to research their capacity for proliferation of oral malignancies.
Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis leading to Renal Amyloidosis
Authors: Singh Ishita , Gautam Deepak , Singh Shivendra , Chaudhary Nikhil , Singh Uttam
Published: October 2024

The incidence and prevalence of renal amyloidosis is rare. We are presenting a case of 21 year 21-year-old male with multiple joint pain complicated by adult-onset Nephrotic Syndrome due to renal amyloidosis. The patient improved on medications.
Co-operation and education: Historical perspectives
Authors: Woodin Tom
Published: October 2024

The history of the British consumer co-operative movement reveals strong affinities between co-operation and education. Following the historical chronology of the movement helps to illuminate diverse meanings and practices of co-operative education. From the early nineteenth century, through long periods of growth and subsequent decline, many educational initiatives and experiments, both informal and formal, have been visible. While each of these were products of particular times, there were many interconnections between them and they continue to be of interest to co-operative educators.
Eau de co-operation: An exploration of the essence of co-operative learning
Authors: Salt Stacey , Longden Ali , Benson Amanda
Published: October 2024

At the Co-operative College we conducted action research to explore co-operative learning and what this means to others. Over a period of four months, some of our learners, members, College team, and participants from the further and higher education sectors all took part in a variety of interactive workshops using co-operative learning approaches. We used a qualitative research method to gather participant thinking, which was underpinned by a metaphorical framework: the art of distilling fragrances. Fragrances are created through the process of blending a variety of different ingredients (notes) that produce both range and depth; these top, base, and heart notes are distilled together to produce a unique fragrance. What is more, each fragrance profile is endlessly adaptable, changing its character through time, space, and context. Co-operative learning too is built on a blend of ingredients, such as individual and co operative values, lived experience, and a range of participatory learning theories. The findings suggested that top notes happen before the learning takes place, while heart notes occur during learning, and the base notes come about after the learning process. Equally, throughout the whole learning process it became clear that for co-operative learning to be effective, each stage is blended through common themes which were identified. Analysis of the data collected identified that six consistent learning influences are present within the top, heart, and base notes of learning, namely social, environmental, equitable, cultural, behavioural, and developmental influences.
MicroRNA, a small non-coding RNA, how do you know?
Authors: Teati Abeer Atef
Published: October 2024

MicroRNA (miRNA) has well been known as a kind of short non-coding RNAs that can regulate their target genes. Preciously, several studies have confirmed that miRNAs play varied biological function and regulate variant pathological processes. This study reviews the progress of miRNA and discuss their value as well as translational possibility. We input the keyword "miRNA" in PUBMED (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and acquired near 20000 papers. Of these, the main literature were categorized and summarized. We systematically addressed the synthesis, transport and location of miRNAs and focusedly discussed the function of miRNA and the associated possible mechanisms. These knowledge therefore provides important information to understand the role and current progress of miRNA, so as to explain the source and function of miRNA, and provide useful information for related research in future practice.
Research progress of fibroblast growth factors
Authors: Lin Yi , Wang Ting-Hua
Published: October 2024

Objective: To review the structure, distribution, and biological functions of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and its role in promoting the survival, growth, repair, and regeneration of neurons. Methods: We examines a wide range of studies on the FGF family, including its molecular characteristics, gene expression, and biological activities. Relative literature are collected and summarized to elucidate the structural differences among FGF members and their specific roles in various physiological processes. Results: The FGF family, comprising 23 members, regulates essential cellular processes such as growth, survival, differentiation, and migration. Key discoveries include the purification of FGF-2 and its recombinant expression, the identification of FGF receptors, and their signaling pathways. FGF-1 and FGF-2 are noted for their roles in promoting neurite growth and neuronal survival, while FGF-3 aids in neurogenesis and axonogenesis. FGF-10 and FGF-22 are pivotal in axonal regeneration and functional recovery post-injury. The significance of FGFRs in FGF signaling is emphasized, particularly the involvement of FGF-2 in the protein kinase pathway. These findings underscore the crucial role of FGFs in the nervous system, highlighting their therapeutic potential for neural injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. Conclusions: The FGF family plays a critical role in the nervous system, particularly in neuron survival, growth, and regeneration. The diverse functions of FGFs are mediated through their specific receptors and complex signaling pathways, offering potential therapeutic targets for neural injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. Further research into the molecular mechanisms of FGFs could lead to advanced treatments for a variety of neurological conditions.