bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multifractal spectra of extended states with gate tunable Rashba spin-orbit interaction in two-dimensional electron systems
Authors: Otero Jose A. , Hernández-Cooper Ernesto M.
Published: September 2019

In a two dimensional electron gas with disorder, subjected to a strong magnetic field and in the presence of homogeneous Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC), the extended states that lie close to the center of each spin resolved Landau level (LL) have multifractal nature. In this work, multifractal analysis has been performed to extended states that lie close to the center of the spin unresolved lowest LL and the spin resolved first LL. Using both, a gaussian white noise potential and a series of short range scatterers as the source of disorder, the numerical results are found to agree within the statistical deviation. We have found that the multifractal exponents of extended states close to the center of the spin unresolved lowest LL and the spin down oriented first LL, are independent of the SOC parameter αd. However, the multifractal exponents of extended states close to the center of the spin up oriented first LL depend on αd. For these states, the inverse participation number, which characterizes the extent of localization of a given state, is observed to be an increasing function of αd, indicating that these states are less extended for stronger SOCs. This is in contrast to the effects of SOC on weak localization physics, where it tends to increase the conductivity and reduce localization.
Organized structures of two bidirectionally coupled logistic maps
Authors: Layek G. C. , Pati N. C.
Published: September 2019

We report some organized structures of two linearly coupled logistic maps with different harvesting. The coupled system exhibits chaos via period-bubbling and quasiperiodic routes for identical and weak coupling strength, in contrast to conventional period-doubling route for a simple logistic map. Studies reveal the existence of infinite families of periodic Arnold tongues and self-similar shrimp-shaped structures with period-adding sequences for periodic windows embedded in quasiperiodic and chaotic regions, respectively. Different Fibonacci-like sequences are formed leading to the Golden Mean. The shrimp-shaped structures maintain period 3-times self-similarity scaling. The quasiperiodicity route is the necessary condition for the occurrence of periodic Arnold tongues in this coupled system resulting in the appearance of shrimps in the chaotic region near the tongues. It is also revealed that the existence of shrimp implies the period-bubbling cascade but the reverse is not true. The bifurcation-induced hysteresis is born in a certain parameter range resulting in the birth of coexisting multiple attractors of different kinds. Basin sets of the coexisting attractors have either self-similar or intertwining fractal basin boundaries.
Fabrication and performance of single crystal diamond neutron and gamma ray detectors
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Chang Jiafeng , Zhong Guoqiang , Zhang Jizong , Pang Xiankai , Jia Junji
Published: September 2019

Two high performance single crystal diamond (SCD) radiation detectors for neutrons and gamma ray have been fabricated. One was coated with a 5 μm 6LiF (95% enriched in 6Li) layer in order to detect the neutrons and the other one is without any conversion layer for comparison. The detectors are irradiated with the 241Am-Be and 252Cf neutron sources and 152Eu gamma source to test their performance. Under neutron sources, the neutron signal peak was clearly observed in the detector with the 6LiF conversion layer. Meanwhile, both detectors are responsive to the gamma rays at the low energy. The 152Eu gamma source was specially used to verify the gamma ray detection ability of the fabricated SCD detectors. The results show that the detector’s count rate and the gamma peak center position in the PHS depend on the incident gamma spectra critically. Combined, these results demonstrate that the design and fabrication process of the detectors are feasible.
Mass-independent Dunham analysis of the known electronic states of platinum sulfide, PtS, and analysis of the electronic field-shift effect
Authors: Harms Jack C. , O’Brien Leah C. , O’Brien James J.
Published: September 2019

Several new vibrational bands of the [12.5] Ω = 0+–X3Σ−Ω=0+ and the [15.9] B Ω = 0+–X3Σ−Ω=0+ transitions have been observed in high resolution absorption measurements recorded using Intracavity Laser Spectroscopy (ILS). These new bands have been rotationally analyzed and incorporated into a comprehensive PtS dataset that was fit to a mass-independent Dunham expression using PGOPHER. The comprehensive dataset included all reported field-free, gas phase spectroscopic data for PtS, including 32 Fourier transform microwave transitions (estimated accuracy: 1 kHz), 9 microwave/optical double resonance transitions (25 kHz), 51 millimeter and submillimeter transitions (25–50 kHz), 469 molecular beam-laser induced fluorescence transitions (0.003 cm−1), and 4870 ILS transitions (0.005 cm−1). The determined equilibrium constants have been used with the Rydberg-Klein-Rees method to produce potential energy curves for the four known electronic states of PtS. Isotopic shifts in electronic transition energy beyond expectations from the Born-Oppenheimer approximation were observed and treated as electronic field-shift effects due to the difference in the nuclear charge radius between Pt isotopes. The magnitude and sign of the determined field-shift parameters are rationalized through the analysis of the previously reported ab initio calculations.
Mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy of the Ne–NO(X2Π) complex
Authors: Liu Zhuang , Luo Wei , Duan Chuanxi
Published: September 2019

The rovibrational spectrum of the Ne–NO(X2Π) open-shell complex has been measured in the 5.3 µm region using distributed feed-back quantum cascade lasers to probe the direct absorption in a slit-jet supersonic expansion. Three P-subbands (P′ ← P″: 1/2 ← 1/2, 3/2 ← 1/2, and 5/2 ← 3/2) were observed, where P is the projection of the angular momentum J along the inertial a-axis of the complex. The hyperfine structure due to the nuclei spin of 14N (I = 1) was partially resolved in the P′ ← P″: 1/2 ← 1/2 and 3/2 ← 1/2 subbands. The observed mid-infrared spectrum of Ne–NO (X2Π) together with the previously reported microwave spectrum was analyzed using a modified semirigid asymmetric rotor Hamiltonian for a planar open-shell complex. The band origin is located at 1876.0606(97) cm−1, which is blue-shifted from that of the NO monomer by only 0.0888 cm−1. The complex shows strong structural relaxation upon excitation of the overall rotation and the internal rotation of the NO subunit.
Quantitatively assessing the effects of climate change and human activities on ecosystem degradation and restoration in southwest China
Authors: Sun Z. G. , Wu J. S. , Liu F. , Shao T. Y. , Liu X. B. , Chen Y. Z. , Long X. H. , Rengel Z.
Published: September 2019

Identifying the effects of climate change and human activities on the degradation and restoration of terrestrial ecosystems is essential for sustainable management of these ecosystems. However, our knowledge of methodology on this topic is limited. To assess the relative contribution of climate change and human activities, actual and potential net primary productivity (NPPa and NPPp respectively), and human appropriation of net primary productivity (HANPP) were calculated and applied to the monitoring of forest, grassland, and cropland ecosystems in Yunnan–Guizhou–Sichuan Provinces, southwest China. We determined annual means of 476 g C m–2 year–1 for NPPa, 1314 g C m–2 year–1 for NPPp, and 849 g C m–2 year–1 for HANPP during the period between 2007 and 2016. Furthermore, the area with an increasing NPPa accounted for 75.12% of the total area of the three ecosystems. Similarly, the areas with increasing NPPp and HANPP accounted for 77.60 and 57.58% of the study area respectively. Furthermore, we found that ~57.58% of areas with ecosystem restored was due to climate change, 23.39% due to human activities, and 19.03% due to the combined effects of human activities and climate change. In contrast, climate change and human activities contributed to 19.47 and 76.36%, respectively, of the areas of degraded ecosystem. Only 4.17% of degraded ecosystem could be attributed to the combined influences of climate change and human activities. We conclude that human activities were mainly responsible for ecosystem degradation, whereas climate change benefitted ecosystem restoration in southwest China in the past decade.
Spherical tarball particles form through rapid chemical and physical changes of organic matter in biomass-burning smoke
Authors: Adachi Kouji , Sedlacek Arthur J. , Kleinman Lawrence , Springston Stephen R. , Wang Jian , Chand Duli , Hubbe John M. , Shilling John E. , Onasch Timothy B. , Kinase Takeshi , Sakata Kohei , Takahashi Yoshio , Buseck Peter R.
Published: September 2019

Significance

Wildfires emit large amounts of biomass-burning (BB) aerosol particles and contribute to regional and global climate. Moreover, BB emissions are expected to increase in coming decades as a result of climate change. Tarballs, spherical organic BB particles, are estimated to contribute up to ∼30% of the BB aerosol mass. However, uncertainty still exists as to how tarballs form and how they influence climate. Our observations show that tarballs form through a combination of chemical and physical changes of primary organic aerosols within the first hours following emission. The finding of tarball formation will improve assessments of BB particle evolution and of BB impacts on regional and global climate.
Oxidative stress drives the selection of quorum sensing mutants in the
Staphylococcus aureus
population
Authors: George Shilpa Elizabeth , Hrubesch Jennifer , Breuing Inga , Vetter Naisa , Korn Natalya , Hennemann Katja , Bleul Lisa , Willmann Matthias , Ebner Patrick , Götz Friedrich , Wolz Christiane
Published: September 2019

Significance

The QS Agr system of the pathogen
S. aureus
is a social trait based on bacterial population density that orchestrates the expression of toxins crucial for virulence. Paradoxically, Agr-defective mutants are selected during infection. We studied the selection and fitness of
agr
mutants under infection-relevant conditions, such as antibiotic stress and hypoxia. Under aerobic growth, the Agr-controlled PSM toxins are produced. These are toxic for Staphylococci and select for
agr
mutants, which are nonproducers. Contrastingly, hypoxia favors QS maintenance and even allows hyperactivation of the system without imposing a fitness burden. We propose that changing oxygen environments encountered during infection not only alters the virulence potential, but also the course of microbial evolution of the
S. aureus
community.
Polymer effects modulate binding affinities in disordered proteins
Authors: Vancraenenbroeck Renee , Harel Yair S. , Zheng Wenwei , Hofmann Hagen
Published: September 2019

Significance

The ability to form large interaction networks was one of the driving forces in the evolution of disordered proteins. However, their advantageous flexibility is accompanied by a tremendous solvent sensitivity that does not seem to have detrimental consequences. Our results provide a possible explanation of this conundrum. While individual interactions among 5 disordered proteins are extremely solvent sensitive, their competition for shared ligands in their natural network largely compensates this sensitivity. Recent ideas suggested the presence of a regulatory mechanism that compensates the solvent pliability of disordered proteins. Here, we identified a simple mechanism that achieves this task for networks of homologous disordered proteins.
Hydrologic variability contributes to reduced survival through metamorphosis in a stream salamander
Authors: Lowe Winsor H. , Swartz Leah K. , Addis Brett R. , Likens Gene E.
Published: September 2019

Changes in the amount, intensity, and timing of precipitation are increasing hydrologic variability in many regions, but we have little understanding of how these changes are affecting freshwater species. Stream-breeding amphibians—a diverse group in North America—may be particularly sensitive to hydrologic variability during aquatic larval and metamorphic stages. Here, we tested the prediction that hydrologic variability in streams decreases survival through metamorphosis in the salamanderGyrinophilus porphyriticus, reducing recruitment to the adult stage. Using a 20-y dataset from Merrill Brook, a stream in northern New Hampshire, we show that abundance ofG. porphyriticusadults has declined by ∼50% since 1999, but there has been no trend in larval abundance. We then tested whether hydrologic variability during summers influences survival through metamorphosis, using capture–mark–recapture data from Merrill Brook (1999 to 2004) and from 4 streams in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (2012 to 2014), also in New Hampshire. At both sites, survival through metamorphosis declined with increasing variability of stream discharge. These results suggest that hydrologic variability reduces the demographic resilience and adaptive capacity ofG. porphyriticuspopulations by decreasing recruitment of breeding adults. They also provide insight on how increasing hydrologic variability is affecting freshwater species, and on the broader effects of environmental variability on species with vulnerable metamorphic stages.
Rational construction of a library of M
29
nanoclusters from monometallic to tetrametallic
Authors: Kang Xi , Wei Xiao , Jin Shan , Yuan Qianqin , Luan Xinqi , Pei Yong , Wang Shuxin , Zhu Manzhou , Jin Rongchao
Published: September 2019

Exploring intermetallic synergy has allowed a series of alloy nanoparticles with prominent chemical–physical properties to be produced. However, precise alloying based on a maintained template has long been a challenging pursuit, and little has been achieved for manipulation at the atomic level. Here, a nanosystem based on M
29
(S-Adm)
18
(PPh
3
)
4
(where S-Adm is the adamantane mercaptan and M is Ag/Cu/Au/Pt/Pd) has been established, which leads to the atomically precise operation on each site in this M
29
template. Specifically, a library of 21 species of nanoclusters ranging from monometallic to tetrametallic constitutions has been successfully prepared step by step with in situ synthesis, target metal-exchange, and forced metal-exchange methods. More importantly, owing to the monodispersity of each nanocluster in this M
29
library, the synergetic effects on the optical properties and stability have been mapped out. This nanocluster methodology not only provides fundamental principles to produce alloy nanoclusters with multimetallic compositions and monodispersed dopants but also provides an intriguing nanomodel that enables us to grasp the intermetallic synergy at the atomic level.
Universal complementarity between coherence and intrinsic concurrence for two-qubit states
Authors: Fan Xiao-Gang , Sun Wen-Yang , Ding Zhi-Yong , Ming Fei , Yang Huan , Wang Dong , Ye Liu
Published: September 2019

Entanglement and coherence are two essential quantum resources for quantum information processing. A natural question arises of whether there is a direct link between them. In this work, we propose a definition of intrinsic concurrence for two-qubit states. Although the intrinsic concurrence is not a measure of entanglement, it embodies the concurrence of four pure states which are members of a special pure state ensemble for an arbitrary two-qubit state. And we show that intrinsic concurrence is always complementary to first-order coherence. In fact, this relation is an extension of the complementary relation satisfied by two-qubit pure states. Interestingly, we apply the complementary relation in some composite systems composed by a single-qubit state coupling with four typical noise channels respectively, and discover their mutual transformation relation between concurrence and first-order coherence. This universal complementarity provides reliable theoretical basis for the interconversion of the two important quantum resources.
The CALYPSO methodology for structure prediction*
Authors: Tong Qunchao , Lv Jian , Gao Pengyue , Wang Yanchao
Published: September 2019

Structure prediction methods have been widely used as a state-of-the-art tool for structure searches and materials discovery, leading to many theory-driven breakthroughs on discoveries of new materials. These methods generally involve the exploration of the potential energy surfaces of materials through various structure sampling techniques and optimization algorithms in conjunction with quantum mechanical calculations. By taking advantage of the general feature of materials potential energy surface and swarm-intelligence-based global optimization algorithms, we have developed the CALYPSO method for structure prediction, which has been widely used in fields as diverse as computational physics, chemistry, and materials science. In this review, we provide the basic theory of the CALYPSO method, placing particular emphasis on the principles of its various structure dealing methods. We also survey the current challenges faced by structure prediction methods and include an outlook on the future developments of CALYPSO in the conclusions.
Single event upset on static random access memory devices due to spallation, reactor, and monoenergetic neutrons*
Authors: Jin Xiao-Ming , Chen Wei , Li Jun-Lin , Qi Chao , Guo Xiao-Qiang , Li Rui-Bin , Liu Yan
Published: September 2019

This paper presents new neutron-induced single event upset (SEU) data on the SRAM devices with the technology nodes from 40 nm to 500 nm due to spallation, reactor, and monoenergetic neutrons. The SEU effect is investigated as a function of incident neutron energy spectrum, technology node, byte pattern and neutron fluence rate. The experimental data show that the SEU effect mainly depends on the incident neutron spectrum and the technology node, and the SEU sensitivity induced by low-energy neutrons significantly increases with the technology downscaling. Monte–Carlo simulations of nuclear interactions with device architecture are utilized for comparing with the experimental results. This simulation approach allows us to investigate the key parameters of the SEU sensitivity, which are determined by the technology node and supply voltage. The simulation shows that the high-energy neutrons have more nuclear reaction channels to generate more secondary particles which lead to the significant enhancement of the SEU cross-sections, and thus revealing the physical mechanism for SEU sensitivity to the incident neutron spectrum.
Helicity of harmonic generation and attosecond polarization with bichromatic circularly polarized laser fields*
Authors: Zhang Jun , Qi Tong , Pan Xue-Fei , Guo Jing , Zhu Kai-Guang , Liu Xue-Shen
Published: September 2019

We theoretically investigate the high-order harmonic generation (HHG) of helium atom driven by bichromatic counter-rotating circularly polarized laser fields. By changing the intensity ratio of the two driving laser fields, the spectral chirality of the HHG can be controlled. As the intensity ratio increases, the spectral chirality will change from positive- to negative-value around a large intensity ratio of the two driving fields when the total laser intensity keeps unchanged. However, the sign of the spectral chirality can be changed from positive to negative around a small intensity ratio of the two driving fields when the total laser intensity changes. At this time, we can effectively control the helicity of the harmonic spectrum and the polarization of the resulting attosecond pulses by adjusting the intensity ratio of the two driving laser fields. As the intensity ratio and the total intensity of the driving laser fields increase, the relative intensity of either the left-circularly or right-circularly polarized harmonic can be enhanced. The attosecond pulses can evolve from being elliptical to near linear correspondingly.
Numerical solutions for BVPs governed by a Helmholtz equation of anisotropic FGM
Authors: Nurwahyu B. , Abdullah B. , Massinai A. , Azis M. I.
Published: September 2019

A Boundary Element Method (BEM) is used for obtaining solutions to anisotropic functionally graded media (FGM) boundary value problems (BVPs) governed by a Helmholtz type equation. A technique of transforming the variable coefficient governing equation to a constant coefficient equation is utilized for deriving a boundary integral equation. Some particular problems are considered to illustrate the application of the BEM. The results show the convergence, consistency, and accuracy of the BEM solutions.
Geographical Mapping of Dengue Fever Incidence 2012-2016 in Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: Thamrin Sri Astuti , Alimun
Published: September 2019

To present the geographical map of Dengue fever (DF) in Makassar city, Indonesia, we used the registered DF data to compute the relative risk (RR) of DF in different areas of Makassar city, Indonesia, for a five-year period (from 2012 to 2016). This paper aim to identify the the spatial distribution of DF occurrence to provide the map of risk area in Makassar City through the geographical map. To estimate RR for DF in Makassar City, Indonesia, the Besag York Mollie (BYM) model was proposed. The Bayesian estimates of DF relative risk were utilized for geographical mapping of DF. The results of the present study reveals that DF is still a serious health problem in Makassar city, Indonesia. The distribution of high and low risk areas of DF occurrences for all sub-districts in Makassar City can be identified in the risk geographical map to allow the better allocation and risk assessment.
Optimal harvesting of prey-predator fishery modeling in a two patch environment and harvesting in unprotected area
Authors: Toaha S , Kasbawati
Published: September 2019

This article deals with the dynamics of prey and predator populations in a two patch environment, a protected area and an unprotected area for fishing. The prey disperses between the two patches and migrates easily. There are two predators, one is in the protected area and another is in the unprotected area. The predators cannot migrate. Both prey and predator in unprotected area are harvested with constant efforts. The dynamical behavior of the populations is stated as a system of differential equations. The existence of a positive equilibrium point and its stability are investigated. We discuss the local stability of the positive equilibrium point. The stable equilibrium point is then associated with optimal harvesting problems. Based on the analysis, we found that there exist a stable positive equilibrium point when there is no harvesting. For model with constant efforts for both prey and predator, we found that over fishing will maximize the profit but the predator in the unprotected area will be extinct. With the help of Pontryagin’s maximum principle in maximizing the present value of revenues, we found the extremal of the efforts that maximize the present value of revenues. This means that both prey and predator in the protected area as well as the prey and predator in the unprotected area are possibly coexist although the prey and the predator in the unprotected area are harvested with constant efforts. Some numerical simulations area given to confirm the result of analysis.
Present-day Tectonic Regime from Focal Mechanism Data in South Sulawesi
Authors: Massinai Muhammad Altin , Ismullah Massinai Muhammad Fawzy , Mustakima  , Syamsuddin Erfan
Published: September 2019

Focal mechanism used on tectonic regime study which is fault type determination in South Sulawesi. Fault parameter data consist of strike, dip and rake determined based on the first arrival polarity at earthquake waveform manually picked. The result were several beach-ball diagrams on 2010 – 2017 in South Sulawesi. Three reverse-oblique types, normal-oblique type and normal type caused by Palu-Koro Fault. In other pattern, there were Makassar Thrust: reverse type, two strike-slip types and four normal-oblique types. Walennae Fault signed by reverse type. Two reverse-oblique types and two normal-oblique types affected by Parang Loe Fault. All of them showed tectonic regime nowadays in South Sulawesi is complex.
Mineralogy and Geochemistry Variation of Igneous Rocks from Ungaran and Muria Volcano and Its Processes related to Subduction Zone Magmatism of Sunda Arc
Authors: Marin Jenian , Winarno Tri , Mindasari Dewi
Published: September 2019

Sunda Arc represent Quaternary magmatism as one of the most significantly active volcanic arc in Indonesia resulted from subduction of oceanic plate beneath continental plate. Along this subduction system, there are systematic variations in subduction angle, depth, crust thickness, and composition contribute to geochemical characteristic of igneous rocks along and across the arc. This study compared mineralogy and geochemistry characteristics from two volcanoes which represent across-arc variation. Petrographic analysis have been conducted on rocks’ thin section samples from Ungaran and Muria Volcano to characterize mineralogy of rocks. Selected samples were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) for geochemistry of major and trace elements. Mineralogy of Ungaran rocks are dominated by plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and hornblende phenocrysts with composition range from andesite to basaltic andesite of high-K calc alkaline series. Samples from Muria Volcano are from alkaline series characterized by feldspathoid and alkali feldspar rich rocks with calcic plagioclase and pyroxene phenocrysts. This mineral assemblages, supported by major elements data suggest fractionation process in magma. Geochemical trend is systematically consistent with other island arc setting, where there is significant increase of total alkali from Ungaran to Muria. Trace element data shows decreasing in LILE/HFSE ratio further from arc. This suggests that Ungaran has more crustal and subducted slab influence, while Muria has higher degree of partial melting from deeper Benioff Zone.
Surface geological investigation as the initial stage of hydrocarbon exploration in Kei Besar Island, Southern Maluku
Authors: Kurniasih A , Qadaryati N , Setyawan R
Published: September 2019

Kei Islands are known to have hydrocarbon potentials in shallow rock layers, trapped by folds and faults. This potential is characterized by the amount of gas seepage found in Kei Kecil, Kei Besar and Tayandu Island. The study was conducted in central and southern part of Kei Besar Island through outcrop observations and stratigraphic measurements aim to recognize the physical characteristics of rock. Kei Besar Island located in the easternmost part of Australian continental passive margin separated by the extension of Aru Through. Digital Elevation Model of Kei Besar Island shows that the northern part of research area has a steeper morphology than the southern. The stratigraphic characteristic in the central part of research area dominated by clastic limestone showing a shallowing-up stacking pattern. While in the southern part, the lithology dominated by coralline limestone contains many fragments of coral and large foraminifera. Stratigraphic analysis shows that lithology in the study area was formed in carbonate submarine fan which formed Elat Formation. This formation underlained by shallow carbonate rock which contain large foraminifera from Tamangil Formation. Tamangil Formation interfingered with lower part of Weduar Formation. Based on the analysis of surface data above, concluded that subsurface exploration is necessary to reconstruct the petroleum system in research area.
Analysis of Seismicity Level in Central Sulawesi Period 1997 - 2017
Authors: Putri Alif’ka Cendani , Harimei Bambang , Ismullah Massinai Muhammad Fawzy
Published: September 2019

Indonesia is located at an active tectonic zone, due to the encounter of three main slabs in the world: Eurasia, Pacific, and Indo-Australian slabs. This lead to high earthquake level in Indonesia, one of them is in Central Sulawesi. The research was conducted in order to identify the a value, b value, and seismicity using the Maximum Likelihood method. Earthquake data from the USGS catalog and BMKG were used from 1997 – 2017 with magnitude (M) ≥ 3 and depth (h) ≤ 1000 km, located at -30 S - 00 S and 1180 E – 1240 E. The result showed that highest seismicity is located at the Eastern part of Central Sulawesi. The Mc value of 5,2, a value ranges 5 – 11,5 indicates high seismic activity, b value ranges 0,6 – 1,8 indicates high level of rock fragility and rock resistance levels to low stress. The result in this study effectively to observe the seismicity which can be used as guided for earthquake mitigation.
Lithogenic and Antropogenic in Surface Sediment From Outlet of Tempe Lake, South Sulawesi
Authors: Imran A. M. , Ratna Husain L , Safruddim  , Maulana Baso Rezki
Published: September 2019

Prehistory of Central of South Sulawesi was a marine environment connecting Bone Bay and Makassar Strait through Tempe Lake. The influence of marine can be traced nowadays in outlet of Tempe Lake (Cenrana River). The concentration of SiO2 decreases toward downstream, on contrary Fe2O3 and CaO tend to increase downstream. Heavy mineral (Zr and TiO2) provides an increasing trend downstream . Most of the sediments originate from the rock covering the area and precipitation from the seawater. The latter can be found as far as 34 km from the coast of Bone Bay to the west.
Limited off-set consideration in de-multiple process of seismic Lake Towuti
Authors: Andika Ryan Bobby , Triyoso Wahyu , Bijaksana Satria , Hafidz Abd. , Russell James M. , Watruss Nigel , Vogel Hendrik
Published: September 2019

Multiple attenuation effect study in Lake Towuti seismic data is based on limited offset recording. The goal of this study is to better understand the sediments structure of Lake Towuti that layered above East Sulawesi ophiolitic and metamorphic rocks for stratigraphic interpretation. Surface-related multiple and internal multiple are a common noise signal that recorded in this seismic data, alongside the primary signal from the sediments layer. In order to get a representative subsurface image of the lake, a combination of some de-multiple method to suppress this noise signal has been applied in previous study. However, the line seismic that used in this seismic recording is less than 100 m. From our perspective, this limited offset line fact have to be considered carefully. It’s because some application of de-multiple method in this case will not effectively suppress the noise. In this study, we give an alternative combination method in function to put out the surface-related multiple of the case. First, we enhance the S/N ratio and velocity analysis of the data by Common Reflection Surface (CRS) method. From this enhancement, CRS can give a direct advantage when applying some de-multiple method, especially in Predictive Deconvolution and SRME method. Moreover, we combine the application of de-multiple theory with the strict arrangement of Predictive Deconvolution, Surface-Related Multiple Elimination (SRME), and the last is F-K filter. Those combination methods precisely give a better imaging of Lake Towuti sediments layer in this seismic processing study.
Derivative using complex variable conjugate approach for analytic signal of magnetic field anomaly due to 2D finite prism
Authors: Manan A , Hamimu L , Chahyani R
Published: September 2019

The complex variable conjugate approach has been derived analyticaly for derivative computation. Computational results are then used in calculating the amplitude of analytic signal. It is the square root of the square of the total magnetic field anomaly derivative. The total magnetic fields are generated by the upper and lower parts of a 2D finite prism, and subtraction of both parts yields the magnetic field anomaly. While the approach is obtained by truncating the Taylor series expansion of the total magnetic field function in argument of the complex conjugate in the h
2 order-term. Truncating the series does not significantly affect the computational results. This is because when step-size h get smaller, and at h≤10−2, then the errors due to the series truncation became 0 (K
p→0). For derivative computation, the approach has precision on the order of 10−17 to 10−12 towards analytical settlement. On the order of h≤10−2, the approach is insensitive to the selection of step-size h for small numbers, so it can be done arbitrarily without any particular treatment or requires a complicated combination of numbers. The computational results of the analytic signal amplitude show that the positive and negative polarity on the magnetic profile is transformed into a positive profile only. This can facilitate the interpretation of actual magnetic data, especially in determining the causative source position of anomalies.
Application of Transient Electromagnetic (TEM) Method for Delineation of Mineralized Fracture Zones
Authors: Law Douglas , Mohd Noh Khairul Arifin , Md Rafek Abdul Ghani
Published: September 2019

Fracture zones have always been areas of interest in mineral exploration. These geological structures are often studied and mapped as prospective zones for mineralization through the process of hydrothermal alteration. The transient electromagnetic (TEM) survey has been utilized to delineate the possible mineralized fracture zone of eastern Kuantan, Pahang. 35 single loop TEM soundings were acquired in a scattered manner over a region of high relief terrain, encompassing an area of approximately 5 km2. Data acquisition was conducted using the TerraTEM system by Monex Geoscope, with a 30 m x 30 m wire loop. The wire loop functions both as the transmitter coil and the receiver coil. The TEM responses indicate the presence of 3 electrically conductive zones (A, B and C) which are attributed to possible mineralized fracture regions within the country rock. All three regions record high conductivity readings with values of more than 15 mS/m and have a directional trend of NW-SE orientation. Target A is observed to be 300 m in width (E-W) and extends to 100 m in depth while B and C both have larger dimensions, exceeding 400 m in length (E-W) and up to depths of 150 m. The 3-D model generated from the 1-D soundings of the TEM dataset demonstrates the anomaly patterns that could be caused by the electrically conductive fracture zones within a resistive metasediment country rock. Geoelectrical properties of targets A, B and C may suggest the location of possible mineralized fracture zones within the study area.
Seismic Hazard Measurement of Earthquake Swarms Activity Based on Horizontal Vertical to Spectral Ratio Analysis (HVSR) in West Halmahera, Indonesia
Authors: Ningrum R W , Fauzi H , Suryanto W , Mei E T W
Published: September 2019

The swarm earthquake that occurred in West Halmahera which recorded a lot resulted in damage to houses in several rural areas. Although human casualties are not too significant, they affect the stability and capacity of an area in terms of regional development. Mapping of seismic hazard zone is a solution to minimize the impact that will be caused by the earthquake. The purpose of the study is to initial mapping seismic hazard zoning based on Horizontal Vertical to Spectral Ratio (HVSR) analysis. The estimated values of the fundamental frequency range from 0.0 Hz up to 4.9 Hz increases with decreasing depths of basement rock. Regions with the lowest dominant frequency value are South Ibu sub-District, this shows that the area has a large sediment thickness and is a vulnerable area of high. Amplification value range of 4.7 – 51, where the higher the amplification value, the thickness of sediments. The highest amplification value area is Jailolo sub-District and is an area that has a high risk of damage if shaken by an earthquake. This shows that areas that have high amplification values are areas that have the greatest potential for damage due to earthquakes. Analysis obtained from the results of the data shows that the topographic influence is also very significant with the earthquake waves that occur.
Interpretation of One Dimensional Schlumberger Curve Resistivity Data using “Least Square” Inversion
Authors: Lestari Harmita , Nasri Muhammad , Zulkifli Andi , Aswad Sabrianto , Syamsuddin
Published: September 2019

The geoelectric method using Schlumberger configuration is one of the most widely used geophysical methods. In this study, a one-dimensional Schlumberger configuration will be applied to modeling the subsurface structure using two types of data, namely synthetic data and acquisition data in the field. The purpose of this study is to calculate resistivity (ρi) and determine the thickness (di) of the subsurface layer. In order for the model to be obtained to have a high level of accuracy, inversion least square is used. The value of resistivity and layer thickness obtained are very close to the synthetic model used. Comparison of calculation pseudo resistivity curves and observation pseudo resistivity has a small RMS error value which supports the accuracy of the study. This is obtained by giving initial guesses to the resistivity value of the acquisition data. The final results obtained from this study are in the form of five layers with different resistivity values and with a relatively small RMS error value of 1.15.
Groundwater Identification at East Sentani Auwena Formation (Tema) Based on Geoelectric
Authors: Virman  , Massinai Muhammad Altin , Ismullah Massinai Muhammad Fawzy
Published: September 2019

Jayapura City, Papua Province today is preparing to host the National Sport Week (Pekan Olahraga Nasional – PON in Indonesian) 2020 to be held here. For this event, on East Sentani District will build international swimming pool, football stadium and other facilities by government or private. This public facility needs fresh water source to come in useful as maximally. Fresh water from water local company is limited so the best solution is using groundwater. Groundwater is renewable resources, its volume and quality is influenced by vegetation, rainfall, slope, rock surface and others. This existence on subsurface can different based on geological conditions. For this issue, research did to identify groundwater potential on this area. This research used geoelectric 1D resistivity method, Schlumberger configuration. The acquisition held at three places: Kampung Kemiri, Kampung Harapan and Kampung Ifar Gunung. Data processing used IPI2win software, result is resistivity which is explaining lithology and depth. Based on resistivity distribution that groundwater located at Kampung Kemiri on depth 28.6 m with resistivity 81.1 ohm.m and at Kampung Harapan on depth 18.9 m with resistivity 8.9 ohm.m.
Detection and Delineation of Shallow Channel Morphology Using 3D Seismic Data in the K Field, Malay Basin, Malaysia
Authors: Hamsan Nur Hazira , Mansor Md Yazid , Kiat Liaw Kim
Published: September 2019

The Malay Basin early 2D seismic exploration programs were designed to test simple structural traps. Large relief folds are easily located and subsequently drilled. Many major oil and gas fields were discovered since the 1970s in middle-late Miocene siliciclastic reservoirs, and eventually produced successfully. However, these easy hydrocarbon accumulations in the Malay Basin are fast depleting due to its long production history. Hence, new petroleum plays are urgently needed to sustain the production. The utilization of high-resolution 3D seismic data in the early 2000’s has greatly increased the chance of drilling success, including high-risk prospects such as stratigraphic plays. This paper discusses the subtle channel morphology in the shallow section of the K Field. The 3D seismic data shows multiple-stacked channel geometry within the Pliocene (5.5-5.2 Ma) strata. The seismo-stratigraphic interpretation is aided by attributes analysis including horizon probe to detect and delineate the internal geometries. The results are correlated with modern analogues to predict the probable depositional elements within these fluvio-marine systems. These shallow channel features were previously avoided as hazardous drillings. Instead, until they are tested, these could be considered as good porosity clastic reservoirs filled by medium to heavy density oil.
Hydrologic cycle of moist air in the lower atmosphere
Authors: Rahmawati D , Suriamihardja D A , Assegaf A H , Samad B A
Published: September 2019

A hydrological cycle in the atmosphere plays an important role in the Earth system. [1] The hydrological cycle in the atmosphere is a source of fresh water for life on earth. Starting from the density of heavy water, it is converted into a mild vapor density which allows an increase in water vapor from the sea surface to the dew point where the process of changing water vapor into liquid phase can take place. An atmospheric machine is represented by a modified Carnot cycle below water dome containing mixed water vapor and liquid in an atmospheric layer. This study aims to learn changes in thermodynamic parameters, such as heat and work during the moist air experiencing thermodynamic processes and the correlation of temperature and humidity to rainfall. Basic information recorded by radiosonde is used as mixed water vapor and liquid parameters representing an initial atmospheric condition in producing fresh water. The results will provide information required to figure out the process of evaporation and condensation in the troposphere and the relationship between temperature and humidity to rainfall.
Study of Climate Determination Analysis Based On Pallontara / Papananrang and Rainfall Opportunities in Sidrap District
Authors: Yassi Amir , Kaimuddin  , Bahrun Abdul Haris , Sahur Asmiaty
Published: September 2019

Climate change is shown by the increasing imbalance in the amount of water in the dry season and rainy season. Thus, people experience water shortages in the dry season and floods in the rainy season, thus disrupting all schedules and cropping patterns which result in crop productivity decreasing until the harvest. Often the results of observations via satellite or meteorological instruments by the Agency for Meteorology and Geophysics are opposite in issuing a forecast of seasons with pallontara and papananrang in determining the weather / climate conditions that will occur. So that the results of these different forecasts can cause panic in planning agricultural development programs in the following year, no wonder the planning of agricultural development programs at the central level is often also out of sync especially in the timing (season) Estimates of the season that will occur in a year can be determined from the results of the scavenger gathering (meetings of civil servants, stake holders, researchers and universities). Specific objectives of the study to obtain a description of next year’s climate forecast indicators are determined by several variables used pallontara and as a comparison analysis rainfall from several years. The results of the study that some indicators used by Pallontara in predicting climate are based on Islamic calendar, astronomical factors, behavior of organisms, observation of vegetation and observations of the moon. Whereas as a comparison used monthly rainfall data from several Sidrap Regency stations.
The dynamic system analysis of lemuru fishery in Bali strait by using biological parameter yield of some surplus production models
Authors: Tinungki Georgina Maria , Sirajang Nasrah
Published: September 2019

Stock assessment in any fisheries scientific study is an effort to determine the productivity of fishery resource, the effect of catch on resources and changes in catch patterns, for example due to implementation of management and development policies. It involves 3 (three) main aspects: the first, determine total biomass by using surplus production model; the second, determine recruitment (the number of fish that has reached the age during one recruitment season) can use Ricker model; the third, determine the equation of growth in the fishery can use Von Bertalanffy model. Mathematical models are mostly used to describe the dynamics of fish populations. In the use of appropriate models in stock assessment will result in a more appropriate basis in selecting fishing methods and advanced analysis of catches, hence required a plan in the sustainable management and utilization of fish resources. The study of sustainable dynamic of lemuru fisheries management in Bali strait is the dynamics of biomass of lemuru fishery by using the biological parameters yield of some surplus production models. By obtain the biological parameter values r, q and K, we obtain the dynamic trajectory between biomass and time, indicates that at the first year of observation, the biomass level is relatively high, but when several years later the biomass tends to decrease until it reaches the stable of biomass obtained for about 30 years and so on (t > 30).
Research on the causes of smog and the effect of spatial spillover
Authors: Li Wenxia , Zhou yaodong
Published: September 2019

This paper uses the method of spatial measurement to explore the interaction of smog pollution between local and remote areas in 31 provinces in China and the impact of economic changes. Global spatial correlation analysis shows that there is significant spatial positive correlation of smog pollution, and local spatial correlation shows that the high concentration of pollution is distributed in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and adjacent Shandong, Henan, Liaoning, based on environmental Kuznet The curve (also known as the EKC curve) found that smog pollution is closely related to the growth of the main business income, and the inverted U-shaped relationship between smog pollution and economic growth does not exist or has not yet appeared. That is to say, with the growth of the main business, the pollution level is rising continuously. The comprehensive empirical analysis shows that the spatial spillover effect of smog pollution is particularly obvious. The high pollution concentration area is affected by the neighboring areas, and it is difficult to obtain all the benefits from the implementation of environmental regulation. It is imperative to control smog and strengthen inter-regional joint defense.
Research on Key Technologies of Green Road Environmental Protection House-Keeper in Urban Areas
Authors: Yue Weijie , Lu Hui , Chen Chao , Li Zhengkai , Wang Zhaoming
Published: September 2019

Under the background of rapid promotion of green highway construction, while highway construction pursues efficiency, quality and engineering durability, environmental protection has been raised to a very important level. Taking the Huadu-Dongguan expressway as the research object, this paper explores the key technologies of environmental house-keeper under the concept of urban green highway. From the innovation of environmental management technology system, the improvement of technical means and the application of unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing, the establishment of urban environmental protection manager index system, so that the expressway in the construction period of environmental protection to achieve construction dust, noise control.
Research and Application of Gas Pipeline Planning and Balance Technology of Urban Green Highway
Authors: Lu Hui , He Qinghua , Yue Weijie , Chen Chao , Li Zhengkai , Wang Zhaoming
Published: September 2019

Under the background of rapid promotion of green highway construction, while highway construction pursues efficiency, quality and engineering durability, environmental protection. In addition to environmental problems such as noise and dust, urban green highways also face special problems such as pipeline balance, relocation and construction organization. This paper taking Huadu to Dongguan highway as the research object. The author analyses the layout of electric power, water conservancy, network and even military network, puts forward the plan and examines the problems existing in the construction. Finally, the planning and construction drawing design were carried out, and the pipeline movement, change and balance technology were successfully applied.