bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selective Native Plants of Oklahoma and Nearby States That Can Be a Nuisance to Occasionally Invasive
Authors: Schnelle Michael A.
Published: July 2021

Four ornamental species, lyreleaf salvia (Salvia lyrata), roughleaf dogwood (Cornus drummondii), northern sea oats (Chasmanthium latifolium), and cholla (Cylindropuntia imbricata), are all native to Oklahoma and nearby states. They all possess ornamental attributes and range from widespread to niche crops in the nursery industry and are also cultivated for their utilitarian, herbal, and miscellaneous merits. Their allure to customers and their ability to thrive in a myriad of environments is a major impetus for commercial growers and retailers to carry these species. However, their extraordinary ability to adapt to a plethora of environmental conditions, in the built environment or in their native range, also enables them to often outcompete neighboring flora. Their predisposition to be opportunistic, and ability to grow in challenging locations, sometimes results in their becoming a nuisance or even invasive (i.e., capable of displacing other native flora or fauna). Plants featured are described for their marketable attributes but also reviewed for control measures (e.g., herbicides, prescribed burning, improved grazing practices) when they grow in an aggressive manner.
HUBUNGAN KEPUASAN PASIEN RAWAT INAP DENGAN MUTU PELAYANAN KEPERAWATAN DI KLINIK KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Budiman M. Elyas Arif , Mardijanto Said , Astutik Emi Ellya
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Satisfaction with the accepted model between expectations (the standard of performance that should be) with the actual performance received by the customer, the value satisfaction felt by patients after getting health services. The quality of nursing services is the most important thing in health service agencies, to achieve the expectations and needs of customers (patients). Good quality nursing service will increase customer (patient) satisfaction. This study aims to see the relationship between patient satisfaction and quality of nursing services in clinics in Jember Regency. This type of research used in this study with a cross sectional approach. The research sample used quota sampling of 33 respondents. Chi-Square statistical test with a significance level of p <0.05. The results showed that patient satisfaction with satisfied criteria and the quality of nursing services with good criteria. Chi-Square test resulted in a value of p = 0.020 and a contingency coefficient of 0.374. These results indicate that there is a weak relationship between Inpatient Satisfaction and Quality of Nursing Services in Clinics in Jember Regency. It is expected from this research that the clinic will improve the quality of nursing services to provide patient satisfaction. Keywords: patient satisfaction, quality of nursing services ABSTRAK Kepuasan merupakan model kesenjangan antara harapan (standar kinerja yang seharusnya) dengan kinerja aktual yang diterima pelanggan, kepuasan nilai subjektif yang dirasakan pasien setelah mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan. Mutu pelayanan keperawatan merupakan hal terpenting dalam instansi jasa pelayanan kesehatan, untuk mencapai harapan dan kebutuhan pelanggan (pasien). Mutu pelayanan keperawatan yang baik akan meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan (pasien). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kepuasan pasien dengan mutu pelayanan keperawatan di klinik di Kabupaten Jember. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan quota sampling sebanyak 33 responden. Uji statistik Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p < 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa  kepuasan pasien  dengan kriteria puas dan mutu pelayanan keperawatan dengan kriteria baik. Uji Chi-Square dihasilkan nilai p = 0,020 dan koefisien kontingensi 0,374. Hasil ini menunjukan terdapat hubungan yang lemah Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap dengan Mutu Pelayanan Keperawatan di klinik di kabupaten Jember. Diharapkan dari penelitian ini agar pihak klinik meningkatkan mutu pelayanan keperawatan untuk memberikan kepuasan pasien. Kata kunci: kepuasan pasien, mutu pelayanan keperawatan
Island Tourism Brand Identities: A Review of Themes in Island Tourism Logos
Authors: Graham Susan , Campbell Louise
Published: July 2021

All destinations—including islands—have an identity, shaped by the shared lived experiences and perspectives of various parties. Because sense of place is inherently reliant on human interaction (both with place and with each other), island identities are created, co-created, and communicated through various channels. One such channel is the messaging produced to market island destinations to various audiences. In marketing, a brand identity comprises the attributes or characteristics that separate one brand from another and highlight its uniqueness. Island destinations, like other tourism destinations (and brands in general), embed themes in their logos to help create a brand identity and to communicate with target audiences. The current study analyzed a sample of 84 island destination logos and identified a number of recurrent themes, with water, landscape/seascape, flora and fauna, and islandness being most prominent. Findings are discussed in the context of island identity, tourism, and marketing, highlighting opportunities for further exploration by island scholars and marketers alike. A greater understanding of island branding strategy is critical, as it offers island destinations a crucial advantage in an increasingly competitive tourism industry.
Crítica desde la filosofía analítica de Donald Davidson a una ontología de lo humano basada en criterios de atribución de racionalidad: el caso de George Floyd
Authors: Espejo Moya Jose Jeyson Fernando
Published: July 2021

La presente reflexión tiene por objeto establecer una crítica a una ontología de lo humano basada en criterios de atribución de racionalidad, a partir de la propuesta epistemológica y ética presente en el pensamiento filosófico del profesor Donald Davidson. Para tal fin se tomará como objeto de análisis el caso de la muerte violenta de George Floyd bajo custodia policial en mayo de 2020 y cómo se incurrió en errores de atribución de racionalidad en su caso.
Las opacidades en el discurso gubernamental: el señalamiento del enemigo como instrumento de legitimación del uso excesivo de la fuerza en el marco de la protesta social en Colombia
Authors: Castañeda Correal Adriana Marcela , Arévalo Espejo María Camila
Published: July 2021

Este artículo de investigación se cuestiona acerca de la manera en cómo las declaraciones del gobierno nacional frente a los hechosque tuvieron lugar en Bogotá los días 9 y 10 de septiembre de 2020 permiten vislumbrar dos elementos: por un lado, la legitimación del uso excesivo de la fuerza mediante la figura de enemigo, y, por otro, esa misma legitimación por medio de la reconfiguración del Estado social de derecho al Estado de derecho a partir del discurso (los invitamos a consultar el articulo completo en pdf).
Proceso de armonización de excombatientes pertenecientes al Pueblo Indígena Nasa: una oportunidad para la construcción de paz territorial y buen vivir
Authors: López León María Vanessa
Published: July 2021

En el año 2016, Colombia presenció un hito que marcó su historia: la firma de los acuerdos de paz entre el gobierno Santos y las FARC-EP; en él se acordaron metas y estrategias para la reincorporación de excombatientes pertenecientes a comunidades indígenas. La implementación de estas metas y estrategias atraviesa un momento crítico, donde su futuro es incierto. Sin embargo, desde tiempo atrás se han conocido experiencias e iniciativas significativas por parte de algunas comunidades para llevar a cabo la reincorporación y el retorno de excombatientes pertenecientes a estas (los invitamos a consultar el articulo completo en pdf).
Impacto de la Reforma Rural Integral sobre la protección de los derechos humanos de la población rural en Colombia
Authors: Pulido Buitrago Diana Alejandra
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo realiza una descripción del impacto generado por la Reforma Rural Integral (RRI), establecida por el Acuerdo Final para la Terminación del Conflicto y la Construcción de una Paz Estable y Duradera (AF), sobre la protección de los Derechos Humanos de la población rural en Colombia, cuyo estudio se basa en la transformación de la dinámica social y productiva bajo lineamientos de respeto y promoción de los derechos humanos como elemento imprescindible para conservar el estado de paz planteado por el posconflicto (los invitamos a consultar el articulo completo en pdf).
Tercera guerra verde: Antecedentes, características y proceso de paz del periodo de violencia del occidente de Boyacá (1986-1990)
Authors: Bohórquez Malagón María Camila , Olaya Wilches Juan Diego , Mosquera Zambrano Santiago
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo busca indagar acerca de los antecedentes, características, dinámicas y consecuente proceso de paz, del periodo conocido como tercera guerra verde en el occidente del departamento de Boyacá, entre los años 1986 y 1990. De modo que el objetivo de la presente investigación consiste en enunciar y analizar las circunstancias sociales, históricas y económicas que se presentaron en estos municipios del occidente del departamento de Boyacá para que hubiera una fuerte intensificación de la violencia en este periodo, lo cual conllevó, posteriormente, a que se firmaran acuerdos de paz (los invitamos a consultar el articulo completo en pdf).
Flood forecasting and flood flow modeling in a river system using ANN
Authors: Agarwal S. , Roy P. J. , Choudhury P. , Debbarma N.
Published: July 2021

In terms of predicting the flow parameters of a river system, such as discharge and flow depth, the continuity equation plays a vital role. In this research, static- and routing-type dynamic artificial neural networks (ANNs) were incorporated in the multiple sections of a river flow on the basis of a storage parameter. Storage characteristics were presented implicitly and explicitly for various sections in a river system satisfying the continuity norm and mass balance flow. Furthermore, the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) model form having two base architectures, namely, MIMO-1 and MIMO-2, was accounted for learning fractional storage and actual storage variations and characteristics in a given model form. The model architecture was also obtained by using a trial-and-error approach, while the network architecture was acquired by employing gamma memory along with use of the multi-layer perceptron model form. Moreover, this paper discusses the comparisons and differences between both models. The model performances were validated using various statistical criteria, such as the root-mean-square error (whose value is less than 10% from the observed mean), the coefficient of efficiency (whose value is more than 0.90), and various other statistical parameters. This paper suggests applicability of these models in real-time scenarios while following the continuity norm.
Nitrate removal during Fe(III) bio-reduction in microbial-mediated iron redox cycling systems
Authors: Lu Yongsheng , Liu Hui , Huang Xueer , Xu Lu , Zhou Jizhi , Qian Guangren , Shen Jupei , Chen Xueping
Published: July 2021

Fe(III) bio-reduction provides a prospect of applying the iron redox cycle to nitrate remediation in the aquatic environment. The objective of this study was to realize multiple nitrate removals in the system containing Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (S. oneidensis MR-1) and ferrihydrite or magnetite. The results showed that with three periods of 30 mg·L−1 NO3−-N addition, all nitrate reduction was completed within 170 h. In the first period (0–30 h) of nitrate addition, the main contribution of nitrate removal was due to the biological reduction process by S. oneidensis MR-1, accompanied by the reduction of Fe(III). During the second (45–90 h) and third periods (100–170 h) of nitrate addition, oxidation of biogenic Fe(II) coupled with the reduction of nitrate took place. This redox reaction resulted in the production of gaseous nitrogen of 47.33% and 16.8% for ferrihydrite/S. oneidensis MR-1 and magnetite/S. oneidensis MR-1 systems, respectively. In addition, nitrite, as an intermediate product, accumulated and negatively affected nitrate removal after the third addition of nitrate. By comparing the patterns of X-ray diffraction of the iron minerals before and after the bio-reduction, it was found that ferrihydrite was transformed into magnetite, while magnetite kept its original crystal form.
Cellular Uptake Pathways of Nanoparticles: Process of Endocytosis and
Factors Affecting their Fate
Authors: Varma Sameer , Dey Smita , Palanisamy Dhanabal
Published: July 2021

Background:

Efficient and controlled internalization of NPs into the cells depends on
their physicochemical properties and dynamics of the plasma membrane. NPs-cell interaction is a
complex process that decides the fate of NPs internalization through different endocytosis
pathways.

Objective:

The aim of this review is to highlight the physicochemical properties of synthesized
nanoparticles (NPs) and their interaction with the cellular-dynamics and pathways like
phagocytosis, pinocytosis, macropinocytosis, clathrin, and caveolae-mediated endocytosis, and
the involvement of effector proteins domain such as clathrin, AP2, caveolin, Arf6, Cdc42,
dynamin and cell surface receptors in the endocytosis process of NPs.

Method:

An electronic search was performed to explore the focused reviews and research
articles on types of endocytosis and physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and their impact
on cellular internalizations. The search was limited to peer-reviewed journals in the PubMed
database.

Results:

This article discusses in detail, how different types of NPs and their physicochemical
properties such as size, shape, aspect ratio, surface charge, hydrophobicity, elasticity, stiffness,
corona formation, and surface functionalization change the pattern of endocytosis in the presence
of different pharmacological blockers. Some external forces like a magnetic field, electric field,
and ultrasound exploit the cell membrane dynamics to permeabilize them for efficient
internalization with respect to fundamental principles of membrane bending and pore formation.

Conclusion:

This review will be useful to attract and guide the audience to understand the
endocytosis mechanism and its pattern with respect to physicochemical properties of NPs to
improve their efficacy and targeting to achieve the impactful outcome in drug-delivery and
theranostic applications.
Sulfated Extract of Abelmoschus Esculentus: A Potential Cancer Chemo-preventive Agent
Authors: Gamal-Eldeen Amira M. , Amer Hassan , Fahmy Cinderella A. , Dahlawi Haytham , Salman Asma , Raafat Bassem M.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Abelmoschus esculentus (AE) (okra), is an edible plant used in many food applications.

Objective:

This study explored whether sulfated AE (SAE) has promising cancer chemopreventive activities that may recommend it as a functional food supplement instead of (or in addition to) AE for the population at risk of cancer and in the health food industry.

Methods:

Cytochrome P450-1A (CYP1A) was estimated by fluorescence enzymatic reaction, using β-naphthoflavone-treated cells (CYP1A inducer). Peroxyl and hydroxyl radical scavenging was assayed by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay. Flow cytometry was used to analyze apoptosis/necrosis in MCF-7 cells, cell cycle phases in MCF-7 cells, and macrophage binding to fluorescein isothiocyanate-lipopolysaccharide (FITC-LPS). Nitric oxide was determined by Griess assay in LPS-stimulated macrophages, and cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was used to induce hepatic tumor initiation in rats. Placental glutathione-S-transferase (GSTP; an initiation marker) was stained in a fluorescence immunohistochemical analysis of liver sections, and histopathological changes were examined.

Results:

SAE exhibited strong antitumor initiation and antitumor promotion activities. It suppressed CYP1A, scavenged peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals, induced macrophage proliferation, suppressed macrophage binding to FITC-LPS, inhibited nitric oxide generation, showed specific cytotoxicity to human breast MCF-7 adenocarcinoma cells, and disturbed the cell cycle phases (S and G2/M phases) in association with an increased percentage of apoptotic/necrotic MCF-7 cells. Over a short time period, DEN stimulated liver cancer initiation, but SAE treatment reduced the DEN-induced histopathological alterations and inhibited CYP1A and GSTP.

Conclusion:

SAE extract has the potential for use as an alternative to AE in health foods to provide cancer chemoprevention in populations at risk for cancer.
The Relationship between Prenatal Diagnosis Indications and Abnormal Chromosomal Karyotypes: A Retrospective Cohort of 4646 Cases in Beijing from 2012-2019
Authors: Liu Xiaoting , Zhang Wenling , Zhang Liwen , Ma Ying , Gao Zhiying , You Yanqin , Wang Chengbin
Published: July 2021

Background and Objective:

Chromosomal abnormalities are one of the genetic disorders
caused by abnormal chromosome number or structure and can endanger multiple organs, morphology
and function of the systems in the human body. This study aims to investigate the relationship
between prenatal diagnosis indications and abnormal karyotypes to improve prenatal screening.

Methods:

The karyotype analyses were carried out on 4646 pregnant women with prenatal diagnosis
indications referred to the first medical center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2012 to
2019. The incidence, distribution, and statistical features of chromosomal abnormality of different
prenatal diagnosis indications were analyzed, and the relationships with the prenatal diagnosis indications
were assessed.

Results:

A total of 351 fetal chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 4646 karyotypes, with an
incidence of 7.6%. The chromosomal abnormality incidence in the single indication group, two indications
group, and three indications group was 5.8%, 16.1%, and 70.0%, respectively, indicating
a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Advanced maternal age (AMA), high-risk maternal
serum screening (MSS), and non-invasive prenatal DNA testing (NIPT) were the important indications
for predicting abnormal karyotype. The number of prenatal diagnosis indications was highly
correlated with fetal chromosomal abnormalities. The overall incidence of chromosomal abnormalities
showed a tendency to increase with age. The incidence of Trisomy 21 was 3.2%, accounting
for 42.5% of all chromosomal abnormalities, and the incidence tended to increase with maternal
age.

Conclusion:

Prenatal karyotype analysis of pregnant women with prenatal diagnosis indications
can effectively prevent the birth of defective children. AMA, MSS and NIPT were the important indications
for predicting abnormal karyotype. In addition, the number of prenatal diagnosis indications
is highly correlated with chromosomal abnormalities.
Design of Dual COX-2 and 5-LOX Inhibitors with Iron-Chelating Properties Using Structure-Based and Ligand-Based Methods
Authors: Bošković Jelena , Ružić Dušan , Čudina Olivera , Nikolic Katarina , Dobričić Vladimir
Published: July 2021

Background:

Inflammation is a critical component of many disease progressions, such as malignancy, cardiovascular and rheumatic diseases. The inhibition of inflammatory mediators synthesis by modulation of cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways provides challenging strategy for development of more effective drugs.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to design dual COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitors with iron-chelating properties using a combination of ligand-based (three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR)) and structure-based (molecular docking) methods.

Methods:

The 3D-QSAR analysis was applied on a literature dataset consisting of 28 dual COX-2 and 5- LOX inhibitors in Pentacle software. The quality of developed COX-2 and 5-LOX 3D-QSAR models were evaluated by internal and external validation methods. The molecular docking analysis was performed in GOLD software, while selected ADMET properties were predicted in ADMET predictor software.

Results:

According to the molecular docking studies, the class of sulfohydroxamic acid analogues, previously designed by 3D-QSAR, were clustered as potential dual COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitors with ironchelating properties. Based on the 3D-QSAR and molecular docking, 1j, 1g and 1l were selected as the most promising dual COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitors. According to the in silico ADMET predictions, all compounds had ADMET_Risk score less than 7 and CYP_Risk score lower than 2.5. Designed compounds were not estimated as hERG inhibitors and 1j had improved intrinsic solubility (8.704) in comparison to the dataset compounds (0.411-7.946).

Conclusion:

By combining 3D-QSAR and molecular docking, three compounds (1j, 1g and 1l) were selected as the most promising designed dual COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitors, for which good activity, as well as favourable ADMET properties and toxicity, are expected.
Effects of Projections on Radiation Dose for and Image Quality of Chest
Digital Radiography for Children
Authors: Xu Hongrong , Liu Bo , Cai Jinhua , Zheng Huan , Zheng Helin , Yang Qiurui , Yao Changhong
Published: July 2021

Background:

Until now few studies have specially validated whether the sex, body
mass index, or imaging projections of pediatric patients undergoing chest Digital Radiography
(DR) affect the radiation dose and image quality.

Introduction:

To investigate the impact of different photography positions on radiation dose for
and image quality of chest DR for 3-4-year-old children.

Method:

One-hundred twenty 3-4-year-old patients who required chest DR were included. The patients
were divided into 3 groups, with 40 patients in each group: supine Anterior-Posterior Projection
(APP), standing APP and posterior-anterior projection (PAP). The Dose Area Product (DAP)
and Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) values for every patient were recorded after each exposure. The
Visual Grading Analysis Score (VGAS) was used to evaluate image quality.

Result:

The DAP and ESD values for the standing PAP and APP groups were significantly lower
than those for the supine APP group (0.19 ± 0.04 dGy cm2 and 0.05 ± 0.01 mGy vs. 0.25 ± 0.05
dGy cm2 and 0.08 ± 0.01 mGy, P<0.05, respectively). Additionally, the VGAS for the standing
APP group was significantly lower than those for the standing PAP and supine APP groups (28.58
± 0.96 vs. 29.08 ± 0.94 and 29.03 ± 0.80, P<0.05, respectively), whereas the pulmonary field area
for the standing PAP group was significantly higher than those for the standing and supine APP
groups (118.95 ± 16.81 cm2vs. 105.65 ± 14.76 cm2 and 105.24 ± 16.32 cm2, P<0.05, respectively).
However, there were no statistically significant differences in DAP, ESD, VGAS, pulmonary field
area and body mass index between the male and female patients in the three groups (P>0.05, respectively).

Conclusion:

The standing PAP should be the first projection choice for chest DR for 3-4-year-old
children; compared with the supine and standing APP, the standing PAP may improve image quality
and decrease the required radiation dose.
Visceral Hepatic Leishmaniasis in a Melanoma Patient in FDG-PET
Authors: Dunzinger Andreas , Datinger Carina , Loidl Almute , Walcherberger Bernhard , Lengauer Roland Andreas , Mehraban Nariman , Pichler Robert
Published: July 2021

Background:

Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoans that depend on female phlebotomine
sandflies as vectors. The natural habitat of these sandflies is changing due to climatic
changes, affecting the immunocompromised population, as more patients get immunocompromised
due to cancer therapy in the present time.

Case report:

We report the case of a 72-year-old patient with melanoma in whom we found visceral
leishmaniasis mimicking hepatic metastasis in routine FDG-PET/CT. The patient was hospitalised
due to fever and pancytopenia in the general hospital Steyr. The diagnosis was made by
biopsy of the iliac crest with cytological study and polymerase chain reaction. After treatment with
amphotericin B, the patient recovered and tests became negative, including FDG-PET/CT. Because
of climate change and the increasing use of immunomodulatory medication, our awareness of such
findings should grow.

Conclusion:

New pitfalls in diagnosis and surveillance of cancer patients because of altered environmental
conditions and immunocompromised patients have to be taken into account.
Identification of the First “Two Digit Nano-molar” Inhibitors of the Human Glyoxalase-I Enzyme as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Al‑Balas Qosay A. , Al-Sha'er Mahmoud A. , Hassan Mohammad A. , Al Zou’bi Esra’a
Published: July 2021

Background:

Glyoxalase-I (Glo-I) enzyme is recognized as an indispensable druggable target in cancer treatment. Its inhibition will lead to the accumulation of toxic aldehyde metabolites and cell death. Paramount efforts were spent to discover potential competitive inhibitors to eradicate cancer.

Objective:

Based on our previously work on this target for discovering potent inhibitors of this enzyme, herein, we address the discovery of the most potent Glo-I inhibitors reported in literature with two digits nano-molar activity.

Methods:

Molecular docking and in vitro assay were performed to discover these inhibitors and explore the active site's binding pattern. A detailed SAR scheme was generated, which identifies the significant functionalities responsible for the observed activity.

Results:

Compound 1 with an IC50 of 16.5 nM exhibited the highest activity, catechol moiety as an essential zinc chelating functionality. It has been shown by using molecular modeling techniques that the catechol moiety is responsible for the chelation zinc atom at the active site, an essential feature for enzyme inhibition.

Conclusion:

Catechol derivatives are successful zinc chelators in the Glo-I enzyme while showing exceptional activity against the enzyme to the nanomolar level.
Ascorbic Acid in Epigenetic Reprogramming
Authors: Liu Xinhui , Khan Aamir , Li Huan , Wang Shensen , Chen Xuechai , Huang Hua
Published: July 2021

:

Emerging evidence suggests that ascorbic acid (vitamin C) enhances the reprogramming
process by multiple mechanisms primarily due to its cofactor role in Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent
dioxygenases, including the DNA demethylases Ten Eleven Translocase (TET) and histone
demethylases. Epigenetic variations have been shown to play a critical role in somatic cell reprogramming.
DNA methylation and histone methylation are extensively recognized as barriers to
somatic cell reprogramming. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), known as RNA methylation, is an epigenetic
modification of mRNAs and has also been shown to play a role in regulating cellular reprogramming.
Multiple cofactors are reported to promote the activity of these demethylases, including
vitamin C. Therefore, this review focuses and examines the evidence and mechanism of vitamin C
in DNA and histone demethylation and highlights its potential involvement in the regulation of
m6A demethylation. It also shows the significant contribution of vitamin C in epigenetic regulation,
and the affiliation of demethylases with vitamin C-facilitated epigenetic reprogramming.
• Introduction
• Vitamin C, DNA Demethylation, and Epigenetic Reprogramming
• Vitamin C, Histone demethylation, and Epigenetic Reprogramming
• Vitamin C, m6A RNA demethylation and Epigenetic Reprogramming
• Conclusion
Factors Influencing Implementation of eHealth Technologies to Support Informal Dementia Care: Umbrella Review
Authors: Bastoni Sofia , Wrede Christian , da Silva Marcia Cristina , Sanderman Robbert , Gaggioli Andrea , Braakman-Jansen Annemarie , van Gemert-Pijnen Lisette
Published: July 2021

Background

The worldwide increase in community-dwelling people with dementia underscores the need for innovative eHealth technologies that aim to provide support to both patients and their informal caregivers in the home setting. However, sustainable implementation of eHealth technologies within this target group can be difficult.

Objective

The goal of this study was to gain a thorough understanding of why it is often difficult to implement eHealth technologies in practice, even though numerous technologies are designed to support people with dementia and their informal caregivers at home. In particular, our study aimed to (1) provide an overview of technologies that have been used and studied in the context of informal dementia care and (2) explore factors influencing the implementation of these technologies.

Methods

Following an umbrella review design, five different databases were searched (PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane) for (systematic) reviews. Among 2205 reviews retrieved, 21 were included in our analysis based on our screening and selection procedure. A combination of deductive and inductive thematic analyses was performed, using the Nonadoption, Abandonment, Scale-Up, Spread, and Sustainability (NASSS) framework for organizing the findings.

Results

We identified technologies designed to be used “by informal caregivers,” “by people with dementia,” and “with people with dementia.” Within those groups, most of the represented technologies included, respectively: (i) devices for in-home monitoring of lifestyle, health, and safety; (ii) technologies for supporting memory, orientation, and day structure; and (iii) technologies to facilitate communication between the informal caregiver and person with dementia. Most of the identified factors influencing implementation related to the condition of dementia, characteristics of the technology, expected/perceived value of users, and characteristics of the informal caregiver. Considerably less information has been reported on factors related to the implementing organization and technology supplier, wider institutional and sociocultural context of policy and regulations, and continued adaptation of technology over time.

Conclusions

Our study offers a comprehensive overview of eHealth technologies in the context of informal dementia care and contributes to gaining a better understanding of a broad range of factors influencing their implementation. Our results uncovered a knowledge gap regarding success factors for implementation related to the organizational and broader context and continuous adaptation over the long term. Although future research is needed, the current findings can help researchers and stakeholders in improving the development and implementation of eHealth technologies to support informal dementia care.
Peter Chew Formula for maximum positive rate based on Covid19 mutant (Preprint)
Authors: Chew Peter
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

A higher positive rate indicates that a country has more undetected covid-19 carriers. Every country needs to increase their testing to minimize the positive rate. By increasing the covid-19 test to detect more undetected covid-19 carriers and isolate them to prevent them from infecting others, thereby reducing the number of undetected covid-19 carriers in the country. Since the new covid-19 mutants usually have a higher transmission rate, the maximum positive rate must be lower to ensure that the undetected virus covid-19 carriers are low and the country is controlled

OBJECTIVE

Since different countries have different covid-19 mutants, different covid-19 mutants have different levels of transmission. Therefore, each country must have a specific maximum positive rate based on its country’s covid-19 mutant. So, a general formula must be created to determine the maximum positive rate for each country based on its country’s covid-19 mutant.

METHODS

According to criteria published by World Health Organization (WHO) in May 2020, a positive rate of less than 5% covid-19 test is one indicator that the epidemic is under control in a country and the maximum positive rate is inversely proportional to the transmission rate of the covid-19 mutant. By using inversely proportional method, we get P_max= = x/(〖20 (T〗_mutant)) , where P_max=Maximum Positive rate, T_mutant= Transmission mutation covid-19 and x = transmission rate mutant as of may 2020.

RESULTS

By using the Peter Chew formula to calculate the maximum positive rate of Covid-19 mutants, P_max = x/(〖20 (T〗_mutant)) , each country can calculate a more specific country maximum positive rate, based on Covid -19 Mutation detection in their country. In addition, if a country finds a new highly infectious covid-19 mutant. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that a covid-19 positive rate of less than 5% is not suitable for the mentioned country. For example, if a new highly infectious Covid-19 mutant is detected in some countries, it is 10 times more infectious than the Beta variant. By using Peter Chew’s formula to calculate the maximum positive rate of Covid-19 mutants, we can calculate the maximum positive rate for that particular country, which is 0.5%.

CONCLUSIONS

By using Peter Chew’s formula, the maximum positive rate in each country is determined based on the covid-19 mutants in each country. In addition to providing a suitable maximum positive rate for each country, it can also prevent "policy makers" in certain countries from continuing to use the wrong maximum positive rate for new mutants because they have not updated the latest information, resulting in countries continuing to maintain a high infection rate.
Ayurveda considerations on Infectious diseases and their preventive measures w.s.r. to current pandemic situation
Authors: Naharia Ranjita , Verma Anand Prakash
Published: July 2021

Ayurveda described term “Sankramaka Roga” for communicable diseases which mainly occurs due to the microbial transmissions. These diseases can transmit from one to anther through physical, chemical and biological means. The pathogenesis of such diseases arises due to the effect of microbial toxins inside the body. Antibiotics, lifestyle modification, immune-therapy, natural drugs, ayurveda formulations and purification measures, etc. are some approaches of various medical field which utilizes to prevent and treat Sankramaka Roga. The mass destruction of population by Sankramaka Roga termed as Janapadodhwamsa which resembles pandemic of modern science. Good immune system play vital role towards the prevention of Sankramaka Roga. Ayurveda concept of Ahara-Vihara helps greatly to boost immunity thus maintains good health status and enhances resistance against infectious diseases. This article explores Ayurveda view on Sankramaka Roga and their management through natural ways of healing.
Role of Siddha Ksheer Basti in the management of Sandhigatavata w.s.r. to effect on Calcium level
Authors: Singh Tarunendra Pratap , Paul Smita Dutta , Jain Ashutosh Kumar
Published: July 2021

Sandhigata Vata (osteoarthritis) is VataVyadhi which is associated with Kshaya of Dhatus especially in Vriddhavastha. Ayurveda mentioned various therapeutic options for the management of this condition and Basti Karma is one such approach. Tikta Dravya Siddha Basti advised for Asthi Kshaya Janya Roga since Sandhigata Vata is also Asthi Kshaya Janya Roga hence in present study we selected Tikta Dravya Siddha Basti for the management of Sandhigata Vata, study based on ancient texts available in Rasatarangini. The study observed marked improvement in diseases symptoms and elevation in calcium level may be due to the Yapana, Brimhana, Shodhan and Vata shamak properties of Tikta Dravya Siddha Ksheer Basti.
Strategic Intellectual Property Management and spin offs during Medical Device Innovation and commercialisation
Authors: Markan Suchita
Published: July 2021

Intellectual Property (IP) protection for medical technology innovations is a milestone, generally undermined by Start-ups. Effective and timely IP protection acts as a lifeline for entrepreneurs/start-ups as it not only helps them attract investments and get competitive advantage but also enables marketing tie-ups and potential acquisition by larger companies. This article delineates the strategies for effective IP protection during different phases of technology development to enable medical technology innovators unlock IP potential of their innovations thereby gain competitive edge as well as reap financial rewards. Some interesting case studies and experience sharing by entrepreneurs have also been included for empirical understanding and to serve as practical tools for innovators working in medical device innovation space.
A CRITICAL STEP FOR THE COSMETIC INDUSTRY: SCALE-UP
Authors: DURGUN Meltem Ezgi , YAPAR Evren ALGIN
Published: July 2021

The perception of aesthetics directs the daily life of people from ancient times to the present. While the desire to be beautiful turns into a passion for some, it can also become a medical necessity for some people, such as war veterans. The historical documents examined show that both men and women use different materials to change their appearance and/or protect their skin. These materials still lead the way in the development of today's cosmetic products. The cosmetics industry is an important business line developed based on this aesthetic perception of societies.Starting from the research and development (R&D) process of a cosmetic formulation and becoming a final product, health authorities control the industry by various regulations. In this process, where each step must be meticulously fulfilled, perhaps the most critical step is the scale-up process. In this review, cosmetic products, scale-up and critical parameters in scale-up process are discussed.
                  
Peer Review History:
Received: 7 May 2021; Revised: 16 June; Accepted: 23 June, Available online: 15 July 2021
Academic Editor: Dr. Ali Abdullah Al-yahawi, Al-Razi university, Department of Pharmacy, Yemen, alyahawipharm@yahoo.com
UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. 
Received file:                Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10
Reviewer(s) detail:
Dr. Salfarina Ramli,  salfarina2892@uitm.edu.my    Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.  
Dr. Govind Vyas, Compliance & Regulatory Officer Inva-Tech Pharmaceuticals LLC, New-Jersey, USA, govindvyas03@gmail.com
 
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Energy storage and coherence in closed and open quantum batteries
Authors: Caravelli Francesco , Yan Bin , García-Pintos Luis Pedro , Hamma Alioscia
Published: July 2021

We study the role of coherence in closed and open quantum batteries. We obtain upper bounds to the work performed or energy exchanged by both closed and open quantum batteries in terms of coherence. Specifically, we show that the energy storage can be bounded by the Hilbert-Schmidt coherence of the density matrix in the spectral basis of the unitary operator that encodes the evolution of the battery. We also show that an analogous bound can be obtained in terms of the battery's Hamiltonian coherence in the basis of the unitary operator by evaluating their commutator. We apply these bounds to a 4-state quantum system and the anisotropic XY Ising model in the closed system case, and the Spin-Boson model in the open case.
Effect of Time and Voltage on Pollutant Remover in Gold Treatment Wastewater With Electrocoagulation Batch Reactor
Authors: Asrifah RR Dina , Anasstasia Titi Tiara , Aurilia Mia Fitri
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Wastewater from gold treatment by amalgamation has a high TSS value and heavy metal content in the form of Cu and Hg. This content can endanger the surrounding environment. Therefore, wastewater must be treated until it shows results below the permitted quality standards. Wastewater treatment is carried out using the batch reactor electrocoagulation method. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency value and optimal conditions by reducing the TSS, Cu, and Hg content in wastewater based on the effect of time (10 minutes) and voltage (4.5 volts, 6 volts, and 7.5 volts). This calculation of the efficiency and analysis showed that the optimal conditions occurred at a voltage of 6 volts from the three parameters, there are TSS = 97.49%, Cu = 95.71%, and Hg = 98.95%. Based on the test results after treatment, the wastewater still needs to be treated until it is below the safe quality standard according to Government Regulation of Indonesia Republic No. 82 of 2001 class 4.Abstrak: Air limbah pencucian emas dengan metode amalgamasi memiliki nilai TSS yang tinggi dan kandungan logam berat berupa Cu dan Hg. Kandungan tersebut dapat membahayakan lingkungan sekitar. Oleh karena itu, air limbah harus diolah hingga menunjukkan hasil di bawah baku mutu yang diizinkan. Pengolahan air limbah dilakukan dengan metode elektrokoagulasi reaktor batch. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai efisiensi dan kondisi optimal dengan mereduksi kandungan TSS, Cu, dan Hg pada limbah cair berdasarkan pengaruh waktu (10 menit) dan tegangan (4,5 volt, 6 volt, dan 7,5 volt). Hasil perhitungan efisiensi dan analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimal terjadi pada tegangan 6 volt dari ketiga parameter yaitu TSS = 97,49%, Cu = 95,71%, dan Hg = 98,95%. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian setelah diolah, air limbah masih perlu diolah hingga berada di bawah baku mutu aman sesuai dengan PP RI No. 82 Tahun 2001 pada kelas 4.
Treatment of Well Water Using Biosorbent Derived From Areca Fiber Waste
Authors: Novallyan Devie , Utami Wiji , Risnita Risnita , Sahara Atik , Sabrina Malia
Published: July 2021

Abstract: The biosorption of well water using biosorbent from areca fiber waste of Jambi province has been performed to elevate well water quality. In environmental preservation, this research aimed to reduce a solid waste of areca fiber waste, which has only been burned so far. This activity would increase carbon emissions in the atmosphere. These materials were obtained using carbonizations (300 and 400 oC) and without carbonization. The proper material is used as a biosorbent was 400 oC sized 200 mesh. The material showed several functional groups on the biosorbent surface, such as hydroxyl, amide, amine, and carbonyl. Interestingly, using this material, the water quality can be increased by treatments of odor, color, pH, TDS, TSS, and E. coli under conditions 1.25 g biosorbent, 50 oC, and 150 rpm for 30 minutes. The adsorption results were compared with the value from the standard of Permenkes No.146/Menkes/Per/IX/1990. Based on the explanation, it is resumed that biosorbent derived from areca fiber waste is effective, inexpensive, and easy to operate for increasing well water quality.Abstrak: Adsorpsi air sumur menggunakan biosorbent dari limbah sabut pinang Provinsi Jambi telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas air sumur. Pada pelestarian lingkungan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi limbah padat sabut pinang, yang selama ini hanya dibakar. Kegiatan ini akan meningkatkan emisi karbo ke atmosfir. Material-material ini diperoleh menggunakan karbonisasi (300 dan 400 oC) dan tanpa karbonisasi. Material yang tepat digunakan sebagai biosorben adalah 400 oC berukuran 200 mesh. Material ini memperlihatkan beberapa gugus fungsi pada permukaan biosorben, seperti hidroksil, amida, amina, dan karbonil. Menariknya, penggunaan material ini, kualitas air dapat ditingkatkan menggunakan treament aroma, warna, pH, TDS, TSS, dan E.Coli pada kondisi 1,25 gram biosorben, 50 oC, 150 rpm, dan selama 30 menit. Hasil adsorpsi dibandingkan dengan nilai standar Permenkes No.146/Menkes/Per/IX/1996. Berdasarkan penjelasan, hal ini disimpulkan bahwa biosorben dari limbah sabut pinang efektif, dan mudah untuk menggunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas air sumur.
Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strain H37RV And MDR-TB
Authors: Masri Mashuri , Muthiadin Cut , Masita Masita , Cahyanto Tri , Lianah Lianah , Rusny Rusny , Tridesianti Siska
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 10 million people suffer from TB Every year. Although TB is a preventable and treatable disease, 1.5 million people die every year due to TB. Alternative treatments continue to be pursued, and treatment with the latest TB drugs that are continuously being encouraged. Black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed contains essential oils with active compounds such as thymohydroquinone, Oleoresins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids that act as antibacterial drugs. This study aims to determine the sensitivity of  N. sativa seed extract in inhibiting the growth of  M. tuberculosis strain H37RV and MDR-TB (Multidrug Resistance-TB). This research using Microscopic-Observation and Drug-Susceptibility Assay (MODS) method. Extraction of N. sativa was carried out by the maceration method using 70% methanol as a solvent. The results showed that the M. tuberculosis strain H37RV and MDR-TB were sensitive to N. sativa extract at concentrations of 5 and 10% but resistant to N. sativa extract at concentrations of 1 and 3%.Abstrak: Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Penyakit ini menimbulkan dampak kematian yang cukup mengkhawatirkan.  Penyakit tersebut dapat dicegah dan diobati. Salah satu sumber pengobatannya menggunakan biji jintan hitam (Nigella sativa) yang mengandung minyak atsiri dengan senyawa aktif seperti timohidrokuinon, oleoresin, flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tanin, dan terpenoid yang berfungsi sebagai obat antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sensitivitas ekstrak biji N. sativa dalam menghambat pertumbuhan M. tuberculosis strain H37RV and MDR-TB (Multidrug-Resistance-TB). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Microscopic-Observation and Drug-Susceptibility Assay (MODS). Ekstraksi N. sativa dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol 70%. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa bakteri M. tuberculosis strain H37RV dan TB-MDR, kedua  strain tsb sensitif terhadap ekstrak N. sativa konsentrasi 5 dan 10%,  tetapi resisten terhadap  ekstrak N. sativa konsentrasi 1 dan 3%.