Breve historia de la Enfermería en México
Authors: Cuevas Guajardo Leticia , Guillén Cadena Dulce María 
Published: May 2019

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Los aztecas viv&iacute;an en el M&eacute;xico precortesiano, eran polite&iacute;stas, ellos sosten&iacute;an la visi&oacute;n de que los acontecimientos astron&oacute;micos pod&iacute;an afectar las funciones corporales, y a la inversa, el comportamiento humano pod&iacute;a afectar el equilibrio y la estabilidad del universo.&nbsp;</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: small;">La religi&oacute;n azteca combinaba la religi&oacute;n del Estado con el shamanismo. La enfermedad era el resultado de un mal vivir.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><em style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: small;">Ticitl</em><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: small;"> era el hombre o la mujer que se dedicaba a la atenci&oacute;n de los enfermos (enfermera). </span><em style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: small;">Tlamatqui-ticitl</em><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: small;"> era la partera. La enfermera administraba brebajes, pon&iacute;a lavados intestinales, curaba dando fricciones, colocaba f&eacute;rulas, vigilaba los </span><em style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: small;">temaxcalli</em><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: small;"> (ba&ntilde;os de vapor para que sudando se alejaran los malos humores).</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">En el momento en el que se da el encuentro de dos mundos vemos que se inicia en M&eacute;xico una nueva etapa hist&oacute;rica, y con esto una nueva manera de practicar la enfermer&iacute;a que ha llegado en nuestros d&iacute;as hasta su profesionalizaci&oacute;n.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;">&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">SUMMARY</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-US">The aztecs lived during the pre-columbian period, they used to practice the polytheism and their religion combined beliefs of the state with the shamanism. The aztecs believed that the astronomical events could affect bodily functions, and viceversa, the human behavior could affect the balance and stability of the universe. The illness was considerated as a consequence of a bad behavior. <em>Ticitl </em>was the person&nbsp;</span>(woman or man) who used to take care of sick people.&nbsp;<em>Tlamatqui-ticitl</em> was a midwife. The nurse gave&nbsp;brews, cleansed the patient&rsquo;s intestines, gave a rub to&nbsp;heal, put splints and checked the temaxcalli (steam&nbsp;baths) because they thought the sweat would help to&nbsp;avoid bad mood. The encounter of two worlds shows a&nbsp;new era in Mexico, as well as in Nursing field, because&nbsp;nowadays it&rsquo;s considerated as a profession.</p><p>&nbsp;</p>