bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of citric acid content and extractives treatment on the manufacturing process and properties of citric acid-bonded Salacca frond particleboard
Authors: Maury Chloé , Crispino Frank , Loranger Éric
Published: March 2023

This study focused on the effect of an extractive treatment and the application of citric acid on the properties of particleboard made from Salacca frond. In general, extractives have a negative effect on the bondability of synthetic resin. However, the effect of extractives on the bonding mechanism of citric acid as the biobased adhesive is unclear. Unextracted and extracted Salacca frond were used as the raw materials. A hot water extractive treatment was conducted by boiling the particles for 2 h. The boards were manufactured under the following conditions: citric acid content of 0%; 10%; 20% weight percent (wt%), pressing temperature of 180 °C, and pressing time of 10 min. The target density was set at 0.8 g cm-3. The results showed that the addition of citric acid resulted in an increase in the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboard. Interestingly, when a 20% citric acid content was applied, there were no siginificant differences in the physical or mechanical properties of the particleboards made from unextracted and extracted particles. Based on these results, it was concluded that when citric acid is used as adhesive, the hot-water extractive treatment of Salacca frond is not needed.
Desmoplastic medulloblastoma in an adult patient
Authors: Edip Akyol Mehmet , Aycan Abdurrahman , Soyalp Celaleddin , Arslan Mehmet
Published: March 2023

Though medulloblastoma is considered as a childhood brain tumor, it may occur less frequently in adolescents and rarely in adults. While desmoplastic medulloblastoma histologic variant is observed in approximately 15% of childhood cases, it constitutes more than 50% of adult cases. In this article, we discuss a desmoplastic medulloblastoma case in view of the current literature.
Investigating Factors Contributing to Phytoplankton Biomass Declines in the Lower Sacramento River
Authors: Mussen Timothy , Driscoll Sara , Cook Michael , Nordin Justin , Guerin Marianne , Rachiele Richard , Smith Donald , Berg Gry , Thompson Lisa
Published: March 2023

Phytoplankton subsidies from river inputs and wetland habitats can be important food sources for pelagic organisms in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta (Delta). However, while the Sacramento River is a key contributor of water to the Delta, providing 80% of the mean annual inflow, the river is only a minor source of phytoplankton to the system. The reason for low phytoplankton biomass in the Sacramento River is not well understood but appears to be associated with a 65- km stretch of the lower river where chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations can decline by as much as 90%. We conducted two surveys along the lower Sacramento River, in spring and fall of 2016, to investigate the relative contributions of different factors potentially driving this Chl-a decline. Our study evaluated the change in Chl-a concentrations as a result of dilution from tributaries, light availability, nutrient concentrations, nutrient uptake, phytoplankton productivity, zooplankton grazing, and clam grazing. Chl-a concentration decreased from 14 µg L–1 to 1.8 µg L–1 in the spring and from 4.0 µg L–1 to 1.2 µg L–1 in the fall. Dilutions from the Feather River and American River contributed to 39% and 11% of Chl-a decline, respectively, during the spring. Average water depths roughly doubled downstream of the American River confluence, reducing water column light availability and lowering productivity. Zooplankton and clam grazing rates were generally low. Using a mass balance analysis, the measured variables explained 76% of the observed decline in Chl-a in the spring, suggesting additional losses from unidentified factors. We found that phytoplankton biomass is regulated by multiple potential factors in the lower Sacramento River, emphasizing the need for practitioners of restoration and management programs to evaluate multiple potential factors when attempting to enhance phytoplankton production in the Delta, or other large river systems.
Did Proto-Chadic have velar nasals and prenasalised obstruents?
Authors: Wolff H. Ekkehard
Published: March 2023

Ever since the Afroasiatic affiliation of Chadic as a whole was suggested by Joseph H. Greenberg in his seminal re-classification of African languages since the 1950s and has been generally accepted, i.e. encompassing both ‘Chado-Hamitic’ and ‘Chadic’ languages of influential pre-Greenbergian genetic classifications, the issue of whether Proto-Chadic possessed prenasalised obstruents and velar nasals has been repeatedly raised and debated in the literature, yet without final consent. All of the 196 presently known Chadic languages would appear to possess these consonants in their synchronic phonemic inventories. The present article reviews the debate in view of recently available new insights on the historical phonology and lexical reconstruction based on data from 66 of the 79 known Central Chadic languages, i.e. the most numerous and most diverse branch of Chadic. According to these recent comparative studies of Central Chadic that allow to reconstruct Proto-Central Chadic phonology and lexicon, there is massive evidence to show that both velar nasals and prenasalised obstruents emerged as results of natural phonological processes probably already on the proto-language level, but need not be reconstructed for the proto-language’s phonemic inventory. And if Proto-Central Chadic did not have these consonants as inherited phonemes, then this would also be true for its predecessor, Proto-Chadic. The major processes leading to the emergence of velar nasals and prenasalised obstruents were segmental fusion and the emergence of prensalisation prosody that arose from the de-segmentalisation and prosodification of reconstructed nasals. The article summarises the evidence and gives illustrative examples for the reconstructed phonological processes, which created conditioned allophones that eventually became phonologised yielding synchronic phonemes in the modern Central Chadic languages.
Genesis and Features of Anglo-Saxon Russophobia: Geopolitical Dimension
Authors: Kryzhko Evgeniy V. , Pashkovsky Petr I.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the modern activation of the phenomenon of Russophobia in Western countries and the associated need to study its origin and specifics, as well as to develop Russian mechanisms to counter this phenomenon. The purpose of the study is to characterize the essence of the genesis and features of Anglo-Saxon Russophobia during its ideological formation in the context of the geopolitical rivalry between the states of the West and Russia.

Materials and Methods. The research has been based on the study of the writings of British authors (military, diplomats and publicists) – contemporaries of the events under consideration, materials from the British media in the first half of the XIX century, reference and conceptual-terminological editions. The methodological basis of the research is the synthesis of systemic and geopolitical approaches within the paradigm of neorealism, which has led to the use of the institutional, historical-genetic and activity methods.

Results. The reasons, the context of occurrence and the definition of the concept of “Russophobia” have been clarified. The features of different variants of Russophobia have been characterized. The genesis of Russophobia of the Anglo-Saxons has been examined. The relationship between Anglo-Saxon Russophobia and geopolitics has been revealed. The evolution of the traditional features and essential characteristics of the Anglo-Saxon version of Russophobia has been shown. Features of Russophobia of the Anglo-Saxons as an ideology have been identified.

Discussion and Сonclusion. The conducted research testifies to the presence of features of the Anglo-Saxon Russophobia as an ideology in the form of permanently manifesting attitudes, the activation of which has been due to the intensification of geopolitical rivalry. The materials and conclusions of the study can be used by scientific centers and government departments of the Russian Federation in the process of forming and implementing state foreign policy and ensuring national security.
Human Capital in Territories with Different Level of Socio-Economic Well-Being: Assessment and Influence
Authors: Neshataev Alexander V.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. In modern foreign policy problems of Russia’s development, the need to implement the formation and preservation of the human capital of the population is increasing. Formation and effective use of human capital influences the creation of new technologies and products. At the same time, for many less developed regions – the so-called depressed territories – their socio-economic condition is associated with a low level of reproduction and implementation of the human capital of the population. The accumulation of human capital can have a beneficial effect on the development of depressed territories. The purpose of the article is to assess the human capital of municipalities with different levels of socio-economic status.

Materials and Methods. The study has used a database of statistical indicators of municipalities of the Perm region. To assess the human capital of the population, we have used the index method, in which statistical indicators are combined into blocks: demography, education, health and sports, economics, culture.

Results. A correlation between the values of the educational and demographic indices has been revealed. We have found a relationship between the level of socio-economic status of the territory and the educational index. Territories develop most rapidly in the presence of not only the necessary infrastructure for the formation of human capital, but also a developed economy. None of the development indices of the quality of human capital (education, health and sports, culture) have a direct impact on the economic growth of territories. In some depressed municipalities, there is a high birth rate of the population in the presence of social infrastructure and the quality of human resources necessary for the development of human capital.

Discussion and Conclusion. The practical significance of the study is determined by the need to influence the regional policy of human capital management in peripheral and depressed territories. It is proposed to adopt at the legislative level mechanisms for identifying depressed areas and measures to support them. This article can be used in public administration to create a strategy for the spatial development of the country.
Work-Related Pull Factors and Mechanisms for Attracting Internal Migrants to the Kaliningrad Region
Authors: Voloshenko Ksenia Yu. , Lialina Anna V. , Farafonova Yulia Yu. , Novikova Anna A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The importance of economic security issues for migration-attractive regions, especially the exclave Kaliningrad region, is growing. Increasing migration gain from Russia’s regions both brings obvious benefits and poses additional challenges. These include those related to the influx of workers whose professional qualifications do not suit the needs of the regional labour market. Thus, the article aims to analyze the compliance of the mechanisms for regulating internal migration with the work-related pull factors to ensure the Kaliningrad region’s economic security. Materials and Methods. The study relies on Kaliningradstat’s regional migration data for 2014–2021 and the interviews with representatives of various sectors of the regional economy, including migrants, conducted by the authors in the summer of 2022. The paper provides systematized and structured results of the content analysis of various sources on the implementation of labour policy and, in particular, the policy of attracting workforce (information and reference portals and websites of international, national and regional institutions, official statistical data by IOM and Rosstat). Results. Drawing on the example of the Kaliningrad region, the study considers several understaffed fields of occupation, including medicine, research and education, ICT, and small and medium-sized enterprises. Based on international and Russian research it analyses work-related mobility factors for each of them. It also classifies the practice of using external and internal migration selection mechanisms. Discussion and Conclusion. Based on the survey of migrants and employers in the Kaliningrad region, the study develops and discusses a list of pull factors and mechanisms for each considered workforce group that can be used to design policies for attracting workforce to the Kaliningrad region. The study results can be used in Russian regions willing to attract in-demand specialists.
Educational Migration in the Republic of Mordovia
Authors: Dozhdikov Anton V.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to the actual problem of youth educational migration – a key factor influencing the personnel potential of the region. The purpose of the article is to identify the specifics of youth educational migration from the Republic of Mordovia, to determine the emerging type of migration in comparison with other regions, and to formulate proposals for the needs of regional development.

Materials and Methods. The empirical basis of the article is demographic data on interregional migration for 2017–2021 in the context of ages (17–27 years old), databases of “educational data” based on the results of the Unified State Examination and admission to universities of applicants. General statistical methods and approaches were used, data processing and visualization in the pivot tables and charts was carried out, application software and libraries of the Python language (numpy, pandas, matplotlib) were used. The tools made it possible to identify migration indicators in relation to the region, analyze them, and visualize the parameters of educational migration.

Results. It has been established that until recently the Republic of Mordovia was a donor region for educational youth migration. However, since 2018–2020, there has been a trend towards the transition to the position of a “transit” region: the balance of migration of 20–22 year olds and older is negative, but the balance of migration of 17–19 year olds is positive. The directions and proportions of educational migration have been established in relation to the entire contingent of graduates and certain categories. A number of assumptions and hypotheses are put forward for subsequent verification on the entire general population (“big data”) of applicants in the Russian Federation.

Discussion and Conclusion. The objective conditions of the “post-COVID” reality and external restrictions in terms of educational migration can significantly increase the role of regions. Achieving a “balance” state with compensation for outgoing migration, the preservation and renewal of human capital seems possible. The data on educational migration by region, principles of analysis and conclusions will be useful both for researchers in the field of data science, migration processes, the sociology of education, and for educational and social authorities to adjust forecasts and regional development projects. A similar study can be carried out for other regions of the Russian Federation in comparison with the trends and patterns identified in the Republic of Mordovia.
Safer esports for players, spectators, and bettors: Issues, challenges, and policy recommendations
Authors: Czakó Andrea , Király Orsolya , Koncz Patrik , Yu Shu M. , Mangat Harshdeep S. , Glynn Judith A , Romero Pedro , Griffiths Mark D , Rumpf Hans-Jürgen , Demetrovics Zsolt
Published: March 2023

The present paper provides an overview of the possible risks, harms, and challenges that might arise with the development of the esports field and pose a threat to professional esports players, spectators, bettors and videogame players, including underage players. These include physical and mental health issues, gambling and gambling-like elements associated with videogames and esports, the challenges arising from pursuing a career in esports, the unique difficulties women face, and a need for supporting professional esports players. It briefly discusses possible responses and suggestions regarding how to address and mitigate these negative consequences. It emphasizes the need for cooperation and collaboration between various stakeholders: researchers, policymakers, regulators, the gaming industry, esports organizations, healthcare and treatment providers, educational institutes and the need for further evidence-based information.
Integrated use of lignite resources to provide fuel for the energy sector of Ukraine in the war and post-war periods
Authors: Pavlychenko Artem , Shustov Oleksandr , Bielov Oleksandr , Adamchuk Andrii , Kozhantov Arystan
Published: March 2023

The object of research is technological processes for the complex development of lignite resources, including extraction, processing and the possibility of further use of derived products in the energy sector. The problem solved in the work is related to the underestimation of the complex use of lignite resources of Ukraine to provide fuel for the energy sector, which is suffering significant damage as a result of military operations.
In the course of research, the current state, prospects for the development and use of lignite as an energy resource at thermal power plants (TPP) were analyzed. Using the example of the Myronivka lignite deposit, new technological solutions for its complex development are proposed, which include the following stages:
– development of technological schemes for conducting mining operations with the possibility of selective extraction of minerals;
– identification of promising areas of lignite processing technologies with the involvement of carbonaceous clays;
– calculation of technical and economic indicators, social and economic efficiency of field exploitation.
It is proposed to determine the rational parameters of the overburden zones during the extraction of at least two minerals in the deposit with the use of internal dumping of overburden rocks in the produced space. In order to minimize the impact of field waterlogging, various options for draining the quarry field will be considered based on three-dimensional modeling.
Based on the methodology of expected operating costs, a preliminary economic assessment of the attractiveness of the proposed technological solutions was calculated for a conventional mining enterprise. Graphs of the dependence of mining costs and cost on the productivity of the cut and the overburden ratio were constructed, which made it possible to assert the feasibility of comprehensive development of lignite deposits of Ukraine. It has been established that the expansion of lignite raw materials due to accompanying minerals (coal clay) will lead to an increase in production by mass from 30 to 100 %, and in some cases even more.
Use of consumer polymer С-РET containers in food production technologies
Authors: Verkhivker Yakov , Okulicz-Kozaryn Walery , Myroshnichenko Оlena
Published: March 2023

Different types of consumer containers are used for food packaging: glass, metal, polymer. Polymer containers are in the greatest demand among consumers, due to such advantages as cheapness, small weight, unlimited range of products and volume, pleasant, bright appearance. In the food industry, hard, semi-hard, soft and other consumer polymer containers are used. To use such packaging in technology with high-temperature heat treatment of food products, it must have a heat-resistant barrier layer. Therefore, the object of research is a polymer combined C-PET container, which consists of a semi-rigid container-tray and a heat-resistant multi-layer polymer soft film for its closure. C-PET packaging is made of barrier polymer materials that ensure its mechanical resistance to high temperatures. Therefore, such containers can withstand high-temperature processing and guarantee the tightness of the package and the microbiological stability of the product during storage. Each polymer material has its own specific indicators of heat resistance. The work solves the problem of using the latest polymeric C-PET containers for long-term storage food products, investigates the conditions for preserving the tightness of the containers during heat treatment, which are ensured by the clogging strength parameter. Different types of polymer films for sealing C-PET packaging with the product are also investigated and their mechanical characteristics are compared. In the course of the study, a standard membrane-compensation method was used to measure the clogging strength or depressurization pressure of the package. The essence of the obtained results: the parameters of the use of different types of polymer films of different types were experimentally determined, on the basis of which the type of film was chosen, which ensures the clogging strength of C-PET containers. The results are explained by the fact that the depressurization pressure value obtained will allow to develop scientifically based thermal modes of sterilization and pasteurization for food products in C-PET containers. This will make it possible in practice for enterprises to apply the same regimes and produce high-quality, biologically stable, safe food products with a long shelf life.
Research of scientific approaches to assessing the effectiveness of corporate enterprise product strategy
Authors: Derzhavska Anna
Published: March 2023

The object of research is scientific approaches to the product strategy of corporate enterprises, as well as types of product strategies, presentation of methods for evaluating product strategies, and the experience of successful companies with effective product strategies. Factors that influence the implementation and choice of a product strategy are considered in a structured and step-by-step manner. The basis of the activity of every enterprise is to achieve the set goals. It is precisely in this that the use of a product strategy will be needed, as it helps to focus and come to the question of determining the goals of entrepreneurial activity with the appropriate importance. And the determined indicators of the evaluation of the effectiveness of product strategies carry out a corrective action in the process of promotion of the enterprise, make it clear whether changes in the product strategy of the enterprise are necessary, and whether the enterprise has achieved the specified goals. The most effective product strategies in today's conditions of high competition and the rapid turnover of dissatisfied customers are based on the satisfaction of customer needs, which is the most modern approach to success. To determine the degree of customer satisfaction with the presented product, metrics are used, which in turn help to adjust the company's offer and product strategy.
Highly appreciating the contribution of scientists to the development of the theory of product strategy formation, it is worth noting that there are a number of unresolved issues of a theoretical and applied nature, related to the lack of a unified view on the effectiveness of the formation of a product strategy, different visions and the unsystematic nature of the process of its evaluation, the uncertainty of directions for improving the formation process product strategy and debatable approaches to the choice of product strategies in the activities of corporate enterprises. This necessitates the further substantiation of scientific provisions regarding the formation of the product strategy of corporate enterprises of the food industry.
Problems and prospects of the territorial development of the tourism system in the Almaty region
Authors: Kozbagarova Nina , Abdrassilova Gulnar , Tuyakayeva Ainagul
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The tourism sector is recognized as an important sector of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. As a member state of the UN, Kazakhstan integrates the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into the State program for the development of the tourism industry. The incomplete implementation of the SDGs in Kazakhstan has causes of global and regional level. Materials and Methods: Statistical indicators for tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan indicate a stable positive dynamics of the tourist flow in the country. The Almaty region has the highest rates of tourism activity, which has favorable historical, cultural and unique natural prerequisites. Results and Discussion: In the general tourist flow of the region, local tourism prevails. The indicator of inbound tourism in the Almaty region as a whole with the largest city of the Republic of Kazakhstan Almaty is the highest in the country. The target state setting for the prospective development of tourism assumes an increase in the share of tourism in the total GDP of the Republic of Kazakhstan by 2025 by 33%. Conclusions: In the study, in accordance with the concept of territorial and functional development of tourism and recreation in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the terminology of the urban planning direction, three key hierarchical levels of organization of tourist and recreational entities were formulated: regional, district, local – “tourist and recreational region”, “recreational agglomeration”, “tourist and recreational area”. The regional level corresponds to the Almaty tourist and recreational region, the recreational agglomeration - Taldykorgan and Almaty tourist and recreational agglomerations. Within the boundaries of the region, five tourist and recreational areas have been identified.
Effects of Shade Nets on The Microclimate and Growth of Tomato
Authors: TEZCAN Nefise Yasemin , TAŞPINAR Hazal , KORKMAZ Candan
Published: March 2023

This study evaluated the effects of the shading nets with photoselective features, with an open-field control. The green-shade net with shading intensity of 40% and the blue, pearl, and yellow-shade nets with shading intensity of 75% were used as netting materials. The total radiation and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) transmittance of the shade nets were analyzed. The environment conditions such as air temperature, relative humidity and canopy temperature were measured with the aid of appropriate sensors. Tomato growing was realized in the aim to determine the effects of shade nets on the crops cultivated under the shade nets, in contrast to the open field conditions. Vegetative growing parameters, fruit quality parameters and the yield were assessed in the study. This investigation revealed that shading resulted in an evident increase in the total yield and the pearl-shade nets should be the better choice for producing a high quality tomato crop, based on PAR transmittance (between 44.8 and 52.8%).
Prevalence, serotype diversity and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella in poultry meat and egg in Turkey: a meta-analysis
Authors: ÇUFAOĞLU Gizem , AMBARCIOĞLU Pınar , DERİNÖZ Aşkın Nur , AYAZ Naim Deniz
Published: March 2023

Poultry is a well-known reservoir for Salmonella, hence numerous outbreaks associated with poultry meat/products and eggs have been reported to date. This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence, serotype diversity and antibiotic resistance profiles of Salmonella in poultry meat and egg in Turkey. For this purpose, international and national electronic databases were searched using appropriate keywords in English and Turkish. Out of 1,818 articles, 41 were found eligible for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of Salmonella in chicken parts, chicken carcass, chicken giblets and egg were found 24.4% (95% CI:17.8-32.6), 21.9% (95% CI:14.0-32.7), 20.1% (95% CI:10.7-34.6) and 4.8% (95% CI:1.7-13.3), respectively. Salmonella Enteritidis was found to be the most common serotype in egg, chicken parts and chicken carcass with the rates of 22.4% (95% CI:3.6-69.3), 19.0% (95% CI:3.3-61.6) and 5.8% (95% CI:2.2-14.4), respectively. The highest pooled antibiotic resistance prevalence of Salmonella spp., regardless of food type were belonged to tetracycline (73.9%, 95% CI:51.0-88.5), nalidixic acid (73.4%, 95% CI:48.7-88.9) and ampicillin (31.5%, 95% CI:20.7-44.6). The high-pooled prevalence of the organism emphasized the potential threat of Salmonella to public health, and also antibiotic resistance data revealed that the use of tetracyclines, quinolones and penicillin in poultry livestock should be restricted. The results will be of great use in the construction of future epidemiological surveillance of Salmonella spp. presence and antibiotic resistance in poultry meat and egg in Turkey.
Analysis of the Relationships Between Agricultural Producer Protection and Macroeconomic Variables in Fragile Five Countries by Bootstrap Panel Causality Test
Authors: CANBAY Şerif
Published: March 2023

Agriculture is a leading sector that provides capital accumulation to sustain the economic development processes of developing countries’ economies. The low supply and demand elasticity of agricultural products cause fluctuations in agricultural product prices and producer income. Therefore, the first negative reflection of price instability that may arise from fluctuations is generally observed in farmers. Hence, policymakers intervene in the agricultural sector to reduce the instability in agricultural product prices and protect agricultural producers against these effects, as well as the capital accumulation needed for growth and development. Based on this background, this study analyzes the causality relationship between agricultural producer protection and macroeconomic variables of Brazil, Indonesia, India, Turkey, and South Africa, which are called the Fragile Five countries, using the panel bootstrap panel causality test developed by Kónya (2006) with the data between 2000 and 2020. The study findings differ among the countries in the sample. It was determined that there are causality relationships between agricultural producer protection and economic growth, economic development and inflation variables in all countries except India. Although it is difficult to generalize the main findings of the study to all countries in the sample, we can conclude that economic growth, economic development and inflation, and agricultural producer protection variables interact with one another. The study also concludes that the protective and supportive measures for agriculture, a significant sector for the macroeconomic performance indicators of the country’s economies, are too important to be neglected.
Amino Acid Content and Effect of different conservation methods on some biochemical parameters in black Myrtus communis L. fruits
Authors: ÇAKMAK Meltem , BAKAR Büşra , ÖZER Dursun , KARATAŞ Fikret , SAYDAM Sinan
Published: March 2023

In this study, fruits of black Myrtus communis L. were subjected to different preservation methods (frozen, sun and microwave dried) and, its biochemical properties were examined. It was observed that the vitamin levels decreased in sun and microwave (MW) dried samples (p
EFFECT OF SUMP GEOMETRY AND SUBMERGENCE DEPTH ON FREE SURFACE VORTEX FORMATION OF PUMP INFLOW
Authors: El Hady Mohamed Adel
Published: March 2023

This paper examines and discusses pump sump design as it affects unsteady pump inflow. It is shown that an improvement of the unsteady inflow characteristics can be accomplished by introducing some modifications to the pump sump design. The paper introduces a 3D numerical computation of unsteady flow through a water sump into the intake of a large vertical pump. The numerical simulation is performed using ANSYS CFX. Numerical simulations performed use the shear stress transport model to account for the effect of turbulence. The results obtained were verified by comparison with published experimental data. The effect of the sump geometry and water level on the internal flow in pump sump is presented. Four sump geometries were studied: a rectangular sump, a sump with inclined edge at 30°, a sump with inclined edge at 45°, and a half-circle-ended sump. Also, three submergence levels were studied: S/D = 1.015, 0.771, and 0.54. It is concluded that sumps of rectangular geometry are the best to avoid surface and floor vortex formation.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Sorafenib-Associated Druggable Targets on Differential Gene Expression and ceRNA Network in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Fu Zhi , Yang Guang , Wang Tiezheng , Gao Daming , Lin Dongdong , Liu Xiaoni
Published: March 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant pathological type of liver cancer. Several therapeutic treatments, including sorafenib and regorafenib, have only modestly improved survival in patients with HCC. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression profiles and the regulation of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) of the sorafenib-related target genes in HCC. Based on clinical information and expression profiles of HCC clinical samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed and identified. Sorafenib-associated DEGs (SADs) were obtained by intersecting the DEGs with the sorafenib target genes from SuperTarget database. The expression patterns of SADs were verified in the Oncomine database. The biological functions of the SADs were annotated by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). In addition, a ceRNA network associated with SADs was constructed. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in network that were significantly associated with overall survival were identified as prognosis of patients by Cox regression analysis. Finally, the expression levels of prognostic genes in HCC tissues and cell lines were verified using qRT-PCR. Gene expression differential analysis yielded a total of 146 common DEGs were obtained, including 21 upregulated and 125 downregulated DEGs. Among them, ten SADs were detected to be differentially expressed between tumor and normal tissues, including AXL, CYP2C19, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, FGFR2, GMNN, PDGFRA, and TTK. GSEA analysis grouped them into three categories by function. The first category (CYP2C19, CYP2C8, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4) and second category (GMNN, TTK and EGER2) had the opposite roles in the enriched terms and pathways, while the third class (AXL and PDGFRA) has enrichment terms and pathways that intersect with those of the first and second categories. A ceRNA network associated with SADs was also constructed including 49 lncRNAs, 14 miRNAs, and 8 mRNAs. Three of these lncRNAs, SNHG7, GAS5 and HCP5, were found upregulated in HCC tissues and to be independent predictors in HCC patients. Significant correlations were found in expression between the prognostic lncRNAs and SADs. Ten SADs were systematically identified using expression data from HCC and normal tissues from TCGA and GEO datasets. GSEA analysis provided us with insight into the function of SADs. In the future, we will continue to explore the mechanisms of coordinated regulation of SADs-related prognostic lncRNAs and SADs at the ceRNA axis level and their potential functions in the development of HCC.
The mysterious Anelastes barbarus P. H. Lucas, 1846 from Montenegro (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae)
Authors: Németh Tamás
Published: March 2023

Anelastes barbarus P. H. Lucas, 1846 (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae) is recorded for the first time from Montenegro.
Analysis of rice farmers access to agricultural credit and profitability in South Togo
Authors: Agboklou Komlan Edem , Ozkan Burhan
Published: March 2023

Purpose- Access to suitable production means is required for producers to improve their profitability. As a result, agricultural financing appears to be a critical tool for attaining this goal. Various programs and donors have been attempting for decades to put together initiatives that would make it easier for the most disadvantaged populations, including the primarily agricultural rural world, to access sources of financing. Due to poor performance, the majority of these programs have failed. This study aims to investigate the determinants of credit access and how loans affect rice farm profitability.
Methodology - Data for this study were collected from 102 producers living in the two biggest paddy production zones in southern Togo. The treatment effect model was used to examine the data collected through the survey investigation.
Findings- Gender, asset type, producer experience, access to credit information, primary occupation, and land ownership status of the producer are all factors in determining rice growers' access to credit. Gender, producer experience, access to credit information, and land ownership status all have a beneficial impact on credit availability. However, asset type and the producer's main occupation have a negative impact. It also demonstrates that whether rice farms have access to loans has little bearing on their profitability. On the other hand, the average treatment impact of credit access is statistically significant. It also shows that the farmer's degree of education, expertise in the field, and lastly, the size of rice field farmed are the most important elements affecting the profitability of rice fields.
Conclusion- The findings have policy implications, increasing the channels for disseminating credible information about funding sources, access procedures and the institutions in charge of these funding sources. Integrating the enhancement of farmers' educational levels into rural support initiatives, and the extension of major agricultural landscaping works undertaken by the government to other areas suitable for rice cultivation.

Keywords: Agricultural credit, rice production, Probit-2SLS model, Togo.
JEL Codes: C26, D14, Q14
Determination of The Essential Oil Components of Some Sage (Salvia Sp.) Species Naturally Distributed in The Isparta Province
Authors: TIĞLI KAYTANLIOĞLU Ebru Hatice , ÖZDERİN Sevgin , FAKİR Hüseyin , ERBAŞ Sabri
Published: March 2023

Aim of the study: This study was performed to determine the essential oil components of Salvia tomentosa Mill., Salvia argentea L. and Salvia bracteata Bank et Sol.
Area of study: The study was carried out in two districts (Eğirdir and Şarkikaraağaç) located at Isparta province in Turkey.
Material and methods: The isolation of essential oil components was performed from shoots with leaves and flowers. Qualitative analysis of essential oils was carried out by using a Shimadzu 2010 Plus GC-MS device. The identification of the constituents was carried out by comparing the retention index (RI) and mass spectral data (MS) to those reported in the literature.
Main results: As a result of the GC-MS analysis, the major components of the essential oil were (-)-caryophyllene oxide (49.56%), β-vatirenene (7.87%), and α-Muurolol (6.78%) in S. tomentosa, sclareol (40.01%), germacrene-D (13.93%) and β-pinene (11.93%) in S. argentea and eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) (16.6%), β-pinene (14.7%) and cembrene (10.88%) in S. bracteata. Sclareol, which was determined at a high concentration in S. argentea in this study, is an economically valuable component that is widely used as flavoring in food and tobacco industry and as a perfume ingredient in the cosmetic industry.
Highlights: According to this study, the cultivation of S. argentea can provide high economic returns
Chemical Composition of Essential Oils Obtained from Abies taxa in Türkiye and Investigation of Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: ÖZTÜRK PULATOĞLU Ayşe , GÜNEY Kerim , ÇETER Talip , YILMAZ Esma Sena
Published: March 2023

Aim of study: The aim of this study is to reveal the biochemical component and antimicrobial effects of essential oils obtained from different parts of Abies taxa in Türkiye.
Material and methods: Essential oils were analyzed for their antibacterial and antifungal activities by using Steam Distillation Method and MIC test against nineteen microorganisms, In the wells where the effect was observed according to the MIC test, the MBC test was performed to determine that the effect was bactericidal or inhibitory (bacteriostatic). For determination of chemical composition; samples of essential oils obtained from plants with Hydrodistillation were analyzed with GC MS QP 2010 Ultra (Shimadzu).
Main results: Beta-pinene, cis-Ocimene and Beta-Phellandrene were found to be the main components in all parts of the taxon when looking at the chemical compounds of A. cilicica subsp. isaurica taxon. There are differences in essential oil components in the branches and leaves of A. nordmanniana subsp. nordmanniana and A. cilicica subsp. cilicica taxa in the main components.
Highlights: The results of the study reveal that the oils obtained from the leaves, branches and cones of Abies taxa can be used as a supportive health product and for medical purposes with additional studies.
Technological Aptitude and Sensitivity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Leuconostoc Isolated from Raw Milk of Cows: From Step-by-Step Experimental Procedure to the Results
Authors: Hamdaoui Nora , Rokni Yahya , Asehraou Abdeslam , Mouncif Mohamed , Mennane Zakaria , Omari Abdelouadoud , Sellam Asmae , Hammouti Belkheir , Meziane Mustapha
Published: March 2023

We demonstrated several technological aptitudes and sensitivity of lactic acid bacteria (Leuconostoc) isolated from the raw milk of cows. We explained the experiments in detail to get the reader to understand what kinds of technology can be used for testing bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria are used in the production of dairy products to increase their shelf life and improve their organoleptic and nutritional properties. Leuconostocs is a heterofermentative bacterium that produces lactic acid, acetic acid or ethanol, and carbon dioxide. A collection of 138 strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the raw milk of cows in the region of eastern Morocco. 38 strains were identified as Leuconostocs. Their subspecies are 16 Mesenteroides, 11 Dextranicum, and 11 Cremoris. Our study was interested in the technological aptitude of this genus looking for the production of dextran and growth in milk with additional sunflower dye, as well as the acidifying, flavoring, thickening, coagulating, proteolytic activity in solid medium and Lipolytic activity. This work also consisted of studying the profile of the resistance and the sensitivity of these strains to antibiotics.
Sustainable Production-Inventory Model with Multi-Material, Quality Degradation, and Probabilistic Demand: From Bibliometric Analysis to A Robust Model
Authors: Utama Dana Marsetiya , Santoso Imam , Hendrawan Yusuf , Dania Wike A. P.
Published: March 2023

An adequate sustainable production inventory model is expected to represent complex real-life cases involving fuel, emissions, and electricity costs as well as multi-materials, quality degradation, and probabilistic demand. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop this kind of model to determine the number of raw material shipments (), production cycle time (), and the number of finished goods delivered (n) to maximize the Expected Total Profit (ETP). The proposed model is based on a bibliometric literature analysis of the sustainable production-inventory problem which is visualized using the VOSviewer. Moreover, a sophisticated Harris-Hawks Optimization (HHO) algorithm was proposed to solve the problems identified in the sustainable production inventory model optimization. It is also important to note that three numerical cases were provided to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. The findings showed that the suggested HHO method outperforms the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in maximizing ETP and this means it is better for ETP optimization. It was also discovered from the sensitivity analysis that an increase in the rate of quality degradation (k) led to a reduction in both the ETP and T.
Biochar from Agricultural Waste for Soil Amendment Candidate under Different Pyrolysis Temperatures
Authors: Mutolib Abdul , Rahmat Ali , Triwisesa Endra , Hidayat H. , Hariadi Hari , Kurniawan Kiki , Sutiharni S. , Sukamto S.
Published: March 2023

Indonesia as an agricultural country produces and consumes a huge amount of fruits. One of the popular fruits is durian (Durio zibethinus), which can create issues with the high amount of durian seeds. Durian seeds can be fermented quickly. Thus, if they are not processed immediately, it causes pollution to the environment, particularly an odor issue. One of the waste management is to convert durian seed waste into biochar, an ameliorant agent to improve soil quality. This study aims to analyze the physicochemical properties of durian seed-derived biochar under different pyrolysis temperatures. The results showed that the increases in the temperature allowed the creation of more porosity in the biochars, which is due to chemical structure and crystallinity arrangement. This is confirmed by the increases in surface area and total pore volume also decreases in particle size. The change in the chemical structure can be verified by the decreases in the biochar yield. The produced biochar from fruit seeds has excellent carbon content and elemental components such as potassium, magnesium, phosphor, and sulfur, informing prospective fruit seeds as a soil amendment fertilizer
Bifunctional CaCO3/HY Catalyst in the Simultaneous Cracking-Deoxygenation of Palm Oil to Diesel-Range Hydrocarbons
Authors: Febriansyar Rosyad Adrian , Riyanto Teguh , Istadi I. , Anggoro Didi D. , Jongsomjit Bunjerd
Published: March 2023

Palm oil is a promising raw material for biofuel production using the simultaneous catalytic mechanism of the bifunctional cracking-deoxygenation reactions. Through the cracking-deoxygenation process, the chains of palmitic acid and oleic acid in the palm oil were converted to diesel-range hydrocarbons. The combination effects of CaCO3 and HY zeolite enhanced the bifunctional catalytic cracking-deoxygenation of palm oil into biofuel, because of the increasing acid and basic sites in the catalysts due to the synergistic roles of CaCO3 and HY. The introduction of CaCO3 on HY zeolite generated both a strong acid and strong basic sites simultaneously on the designed catalyst, which supports the bifunctional mechanisms of hybrid cracking-deoxygenation, respectively. The CaCO3 impregnated on the HY catalyst has a synergistic and bifunctional effect on the catalyst supporting cracking-deoxygenation reaction mechanisms as mentioned previously. The deoxygenation reaction required the bifunctional strong acid and strong basic sites on the CaCO3/HY catalyst through decarboxylation, decarbonylation, and hydrodeoxygenation reaction mechanisms. Meanwhile, the cracking reaction pathway was supported by the strong acid sites generated on the CaCO3/HY catalyst. In other words, the high acidity strength promotes diesel selectivity, whereas the high strength of basicity leads to the deoxygenation reaction.
Poetry and world in early Heidegger’s thought
Authors: Martínez-Castro Andrés Felipe
Published: March 2023

This article explores the relationship between Heidegger’s philosophy and poetry in his habilitation and his first lectures in Freiburg. Although poetry as a particular phenomenon was not yet thematized by Heidegger, philosophy and language developed in its proximity since the habilitation text. Subsequently, a tragic quotation exemplifies the characterization of language as a premundane generality in his first lessons. The article elaborates an interpretation of the implicit relationship between philosophy and poetry based on the pre-mundane language [Vorweltliche] and its critique of neo-Kantianism. This relationship is the phenomenological possibility of letting see through language, especially, the phenomena of world and meaning. Therefore, phenomenology and poetry came up together in Heidegger’s thought, around those two central phenomena of his later ontology.
Brücker, T. (2019). Auf dem Weg zur Philosophie. Friedrich Nietzsche schreibt Der Wanderer und sein Schatten. Wilhelm Fink
Authors: Choque-Aliaga Osman
Published: March 2023

Book rewived.