bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of fire and thinning on Kansas oak woodlands
Authors:   , Short Mary Faith
Published: April 2021

Prior to Euro-American settlement, a mosaic of prairie, savanna, woodland, and forest existed within the Forest-Prairie Transition Region of the United States, with anthropogenic fire acting as an important driver in the perpetuation of open-oak communities. As fire suppression became a regular practice throughout the 20th century, these historically open communities became threatened by encroaching fire-sensitive, and often shade-tolerant, species. This study evaluated the effects of prescribed fire and thinning treatments as methods to achieve woodland restoration objectives, which commonly include reducing stand density, reducing mesophytic oak-competitors, increasing canopy openness, increasing herbaceous plant cover, and promoting the regeneration of oak. We investigated the effects of six treatment types on the structure and composition of a Kansas oak woodland. Treatments included: prescribed fire (burn), thin to 60 ft sq/acre basal area (T60), thin to 30 ft sq/acre basal area (T30), the combination of fire and thin to 60 ft sq/acre basal area (BT60), the combination of fire and thin to 30 ft sq/acre basal area (BT30), and an untreated control. Additionally, we examined the effect of fire on advance regeneration survival probability for five tree species: chinkapin oak (Quercus muehlenbergii), black oak (Q. velutina), bitternut hickory (Carya cordiformis), sugar maple (Acer saccharum), and eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana). Following a single girdle and herbicide application thinning treatment, we found low mortality in the first year, especially for sugar maple. As a result, the reduction in overstory basal area did not meet our intended targets. A single dormant season prescribed burn was effective at reducing large and small seedling densities of sugar maple and other oak-competitors, and increased forb and legume cover in the understory. However, the burn only treatment had no effect on overstory stand metrics, including basal area, tree density, percent stocking, and canopy openness. Thinning of the overstory and midstory in combination with prescribed fire resulted in similar effects to seedling densities and ground flora cover as the burn only treatment, but also created reduced tree density in the sapling layer and greater canopy openness. Additionally, the effect of the burn only treatment on advance regeneration revealed that significant relationships exist between pretreatment stem basal diameter and height and the probability of surviving a single fire for some of the species. These initial results are for the first year following treatments and over time we expect vegetation dynamics to continue to respond to treatments.
Modeling and simulation of a segmented thermoelectric generator
Authors:   , Su Qiuyi
Published: April 2021

Interest in thermoelectric generators for waste heat recovery has flourished in recent years. Typically, the efficiency of thermoelectric generators (TEGs) is quite low. Investigations are conducted in this thesis to get better performance and efficiency. The segmented leg generator is investigated as it is a promising method to increase a conventional TEGs' efficiency. This project presents the simulation model of a TEG with eight pairs of segmented legs. The simulation model is built with exactly the same materials and the same size as a physical TEG reported in the literature. Then the simulation model is compared with the prototype physical model to testify the accuracy of the simulation. The error between them is around 10 percent which is acceptable. After achieving the model of a segmented TEG, several methods are explored to improve its output power and conversion efficiency. Those methods include raising the working temperature, replacing the thermoelectric materials and reconfiguring the TEG geometry. It was found that the original model can be further optimized. After optimization, the output power increases from 188.2mW to 354.7mW, 703.13mW, and 212.85mW, respectively. Conversion efficiency increases from 1.66 percent to 2.08 percent, 7.03 percent, and 1.85 percent, respectively. Finally, a general method to design a segmented TEG is developed, using all knowledge gained from the computer simulations.
Nanocellulose extraction and surface modification toward active packaging applications
Authors:   , Wu Ying
Published: April 2021

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have attracted growing interest as a renewable nanomaterial. The main objective of this study was to explore the extraction of CNCs from switchgrass and surface modification of CNCs into antimicrobially active nanomaterials for active packaging application. Switchgrass was first fractionated via different pretreatment/pulping methods (i.e., acid-chlorite pretreatment, organosolv pretreatment, and deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment), yielding high cellulose-enriched pulp (greater than 75.53 percent cellulose). Acid-chlorite pretreatment was the most effective for delignification, removing 97.80 percent lignin from switchgrass. In contrast, DES pretreatment was more effective for hemicellulose removal (greater than 79.55 percent xylan). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra also showed significant lignin and hemicellulose removal and enrichment of cellulose after pretreatment. Post-treatment with NaOH and H2O2 bleached organosolv and DES pulp, making them more suitable for CNCs extraction via sulfuric acid hydrolysis. The yields of CNCs extracted from the resulting pulps ranged from 30.52 to 35.82 percent (based on the dry mass of pulp loaded) via sulfuric acid hydrolysis with the highest yield observed with mildly post-treated ChCl: FA pulp. The surface charge of the prepared CNCs ranged from -20.30 to -26.70 mV. And the average particle size ranged from 63.55 to 222.20 nm. Surface modification by grafting polyethyleneimine (PEI) onto the surface of CNCs with carboxylic groups endowed CNCs with antimicrobial activity, especially toward Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus megaterium. The modified CNCs (CNCs-PEI) showed positive surface charge, indicating successful cationization. FTIR also confirmed the presence of PEI on surface modified CNCs. Incorporation of CNCs-PEI by 5 percent into PVA film improved its mechanical strength remarkably. This study demonstrated successful extraction of CNCs from switchgrass and development of antimicrobially active CNCs via surface modification toward active packaging applications. Antimicrobially active CNCs have great potential to be used as a multifunctional nanomaterial for advanced applications.
Modeling of droplet and bubble detachment assisted by electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD)
Authors:   , Xu Haolun
Published: April 2021

This work reports both theoretically and numerically a novel mechanism of electrowetting-induced jumping droplet and bubble detachment. Six different chapters were explored in this work. Chapter 1 gives the overview of the various works that have been done in the field and the applications of this work. Chapter 2 discusses the numerical method. Chapter 3 discusses the computational setup and experimental validation of the jumping droplet. Chapter 4 analyzes the jumping droplet and bubble detachment induced by EWOD. The flow field and various dynamics of droplet, bubble and interfacial wave have been discussed. Chapter 5 discusses the experimental setup and fabrication of electrowetting devices. The experiments proved that electrowetting driven interfacial wave can be achieved. Chapter 6 summarizes the EWOD principle and the future application. Electroweting-on-dielectric (EWOD) can be used to induce the detachment of micro-water droplet from hydrophobic surface. The level set method has been used to track the interface of water and air. The capillary wave on the droplet interface could be seen during the electrowetting effect. The sudden variation of the droplet base creates a disturbance that propagates along the surface in the form of a capillary wave. As the wetted area is reduced during this transformation, the excess surface energy is converted into kinetic energy which stretches the droplet vertically and eventually leads to the detachment from the substrate; the results have been validated with available experimental data. The physics of stretching, recoiling and detachment of the droplet have been investigated. Inspired by the potential demonstrated by electrowetting-controlled droplets, this work also investigates the potential advantages of electrowetting to disrupt bubble dynamics to improve phase change heat transfer. Electrowetting-on-dielectric is used to modulate the contact point movement at the water-air interface in a thin liquid film. Rapid oscillation of the contact line is achieved by a swift change of voltage under an AC signal. When disturbed with such contact angle changes, the interfacial wave between two immiscible fluids disrupts bubble dynamics. Numerical modeling reveals that an air bubble on a hydrophobic surface can be detached by the trough of such a wave. The frequency of interfacial wave is twice the voltage frequency. A higher voltage frequency leads to a smaller amplitude and higher celerity of the wave, while a lower voltage frequency leads to a larger wave amplitude and lower celerity. The bubble can easily detach when the voltage frequency from 2Hz-10Hz. However, the bubble fails to detach when the voltage frequency is 100Hz. This approach can be useful to improve two-phase cooling performance.
Perceptions of Facebook and Twitter as sources of health information among African-American women
Authors:   , Jones Casey Adams
Published: April 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore how African-American women perceive Facebook and Twitter as sources for information about heart disease. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted among 23 women between the ages of 18 and 70, who self-identified as Black and female. Participants were recruited from both urban and rural cities. Data collected during each 60-minute or less focus group session was analyzed and grouped into key themes. Results: Among the Black women who participated in the research, findings indicated that Facebook and Twitter are perceived as credible sources of health information if the material shared comes from a health care professional or organization, or a friend speaking from a personal health experience. Credibility increased if information was presented by a person of colorâ€“particularly of the same race. Knowledge gained via social media was largely deemed to be the 05 board for further research via a tool or website that is established within the health care industry. Participants also expounded upon the importance of one advocating for themselves in the doctor's office and fact checking health information and professionals. Conclusion: Health professionals may be able to more effectively communicate health information to Black women via Facebook and Twitter. Recommendations such as establishing credibility and using women of color in visuals are made that may assist in prompting health behavior changes. Key words: Women, African American, health information seeking, social media, heart disease
Differentiating psychosis risk and mania risk scales and their associations with spontaneous eye blink rate
Authors:   , Hua Jessica P. Y.
Published: April 2021

Psychosis risk and mania risk scales are strongly correlated, and both psychosis and mania are linked to alterations in striatal dopamine. However, previous research has not examined whether measures of psychosis and mania risk form distinct factors or whether they are differentially related to other measures of psychopathology risk or to a measure reflecting increased striatal dopamine. In the current study with undergraduate students(N = 596), participants completed both psychosis risk and mania risk scales as well as scales assessing related psychopathology (i.e., negative and disorganized schizotypy; self-reported manic-like episodes). Additionally, I measured spontaneous eye blink rate (sEBR), which has been consistently associated with striatal dopamine levels. As expected, psychosis risk and mania risk factors were strongly correlated (factor correlation = .73). However, a two-factor confirmatory factor analytic model with psychosis risk and mania risk as separate factors fit significantly better than a one-fact or risk model. Additionally, after removing shared variance, only psychosis risk was positively associated with both negative and disorganized schizotypy measures, and only mania risk was significantly related to self-reported manic-like episodes. Furthermore, psychosis risk and mania risk were differentially associated with sEBR. Specifically, psychosis risk was associated with decreased sEBR, and mania risk was associated with increased sEBR. Overall, these results suggest that psychosis risk and mania risk can be distinguished as separate factors and that they might be differentially associated with striatal dopamine measure.
Socioeconomic status and adolescent alcohol involvement : evidence for a gene-environment Interaction
Authors:   , Davis Christal
Published: April 2021

Adolescent alcohol use patterns stem from both genetic and environmental influences. In addition to these factors contributing additively to risk for use, genetic and environmental factors interact with each other to inhibit or exacerbate risk (Young-Wolff et al., 2011). Socioeconomic status (SES) is one environmental factor that might interact with genetic risk for alcohol use. Two theories exist for understanding how SES might interact with genetic risk: 1) the social control model (Shanahan and Hofer, 2005) and 2) the diathesis stress model (South et al., 2015). The current study examined indicators of both family social status and financial resources as potential moderators of genetic and environmental influences on alcohol involvement among adolescents using data from the 1962 National Merit Twin Study. Results provided evidence for moderation of genetic and environmental influences on alcohol involvement by family income, with increased genetic contributions to alcohol involvement among individuals with lower family incomes and increased environmental contributions to alcohol use among those with higher family incomes. Despite a lack of significance, analyses did show that genetic and shared environmental influences varied across average parental education levels, particularly for females. These findings suggest etiological influences on alcohol involvement vary as a function of an adolescent's socioeconomic status. Implications and limitations are discussed.
Preschool for all : how sourcing shaped news framing of universal pre-k rollout in New York city
Authors:   , Moxely Elle
Published: April 2021

As niche publications fill the void left by a shrinking legacy media, this comparative case study asks how the sourcing practices of journalists at the education news nonprofit Chalkbeat New York influenced news framing of early childhood education. Chalkbeat's coverage of universal pre-K rollout in New York City was compared to The New York Times and WNYC. A qualitative content analysis of 178 articles published between January 1 and December 31, 2014, found that journalists at all three news organizations quoted government sources most often. But Chalkbeat and WNYC also brought education officials into the conversation, something reporters at The New York Times did only occasionally. This might be because universal pre-K is framed as a political issue in The Times. As the Every Student Succeeds Act replaces the deeply unpopular mandates of No Child Left Behind, this comparative case study points to the need for education reporters who are subject matter experts capable of translating jargon and policy for their audience.
Examining the relationship between trust and online usage of news media
Authors:   , Yaeger Kathryn
Published: April 2021

This study tests the relationship between overall trust and online usage of 35 popular United States news sources. Trust of news media, currently at its lowest percentage in Gallup's 45-year polling history, has both brand and financial impacts; as news organizations employ strategies to rebuild trust, knowing the relationship between trust and usage can help them measure the effectiveness of their efforts. A series of regression models using three months of pooled cross-sectional data of trust measures from the Pew Research Center and usage measures from ComScore found a positive, statistically significant relationship between trust and direct traffic, but it found no association between trust and frequent usage. When testing how additional variables moderated the relationship between trust and frequent traffic, the study found no evidence that having a multiplatform presence or political ideology impacted the relationship. It found evidence in one month that being a mainstream news source could impact this relationship, but results are overall inconclusive.
Simulation-based design of patient-specific femoral locking plate using topology optimization
Authors:   , Gholawade Parag
Published: April 2021

Femoral locking plates are orthopedic implants used in closed reduction of the fractured femur. These orthopedic implants designed using conventional methods apply finite element analysis to evaluate their performance. These traditional approaches result in failure of implants and need for revision surgery. Designing a patient-specific or a customised implant can make a substantial difference to the expected performance response and reduce the failure or breakage of implant. Therefore, a simulation-based design approach is employed which encompasses medical imaging segmentation, finite element analysis, Taguchi design methodology and topology optimization. The intent is to provide a methodology that will help surgeons to make informed decisions backed by engineering analysis.
Quantification of wine fault markers and their relation with risk factors
Authors:   , Grossi Paula
Published: April 2021

While there have been numerous studies on individual wine faults and their risk factors little is known about their incidence and overall relationship to risk factors when purchased. To assess this relationship 100 wines produced in Missouri were randomly selected from the approximately 2500 available for sale in 2015- 2016. The wines collected went under a battery of tests for selected wine faults, flaws and known risk factors for problem development. The physical assessments included in this study where visual faults such as haze, sediment, excess turbidity and fill height from top of the bottle. Volatile compounds related to Brettanomyces sp. infection and cork taint were quantified as well as the undesirable aromas compounds H2S and 1-octen-3-ol, and acetic acid. Additional risk factors for fault development such as low free SO[subscript 2], high pH (above pH 3.7) and residual sugar were also assessed. Tested risk factors have varied greatly with wines having a pH value from 2.97-4.11, and free and total SO[subscript 2] varying from 0-118 mg/L and 3.6-324.4 mg/L respectively. While none of the wines exceeded current US legal limits for SO[subscript 2], 6% ([plus or minus]15%, for all MO wines at 95% CI) exceeded EU limits for total SO[subscript 2]. Conversely, 84% of the wines did not meet the free SO[subscript 2] requirement of 0.8 ppm based upon pH. At a fault recognition >|10|[micro]g/L for H[subscript 2]S 23% of the wines exceeded acceptable levels being considered faulted with no significant differences between categorical variables (e.g. red or white wine, closure type, fill volume etc.). This study is only one small sub-set of one region; to best understand how this data fits in with the wine industry as a whole, additional surveys are warranted. However, there is no reason to believe that this region is any different than would be found elsewhere.
Acoustic feature-based sentiment analysis of call center data
Authors:   , Peng Zeshan
Published: April 2021

With the advancement of machine learning methods, audio sentiment analysis has become an active research area in recent years. For example, business organizations are interested in persuasion tactics from vocal cues and acoustic measures in speech. A typical approach is to find a set of acoustic features from audio data that can indicate or predict a customer's attitude, opinion, or emotion state. For audio signals, acoustic features have been widely used in many machine learning applications, such as music classification, language recognition, emotion recognition, and so on. For emotion recognition, previous work shows that pitch and speech rate features are important features. This thesis work focuses on determining sentiment from call center audio records, each containing a conversation between a sales representative and a customer. The sentiment of an audio record is considered positive if the conversation ended with an appointment being made, and is negative otherwise. In this project, a data processing and machine learning pipeline for this problem has been developed. It consists of three major steps: 1) an audio record is split into segments by speaker turns; 2) acoustic features are extracted from each segment; and 3) classification models are trained on the acoustic features to predict sentiment. Different set of features have been used and different machine learning methods, including classical machine learning algorithms and deep neural networks, have been implemented in the pipeline. In our deep neural network method, the feature vectors of audio segments are stacked in temporal order into a feature matrix, which is fed into deep convolution neural networks as input. Experimental results based on real data shows that acoustic features, such as Mel frequency cepstral coefficients, timbre and Chroma features, are good indicators for sentiment. Temporal information in an audio record can be captured by deep convolutional neural networks for improved prediction accuracy.
Mobile banking : what drives consumer adoption
Authors:   , Zirk Elizabeth M.
Published: April 2021

There's an app for that! Thanks to smartphone penetration, one technological revolution has spawned the creation of countless mobile innovations, including mobile banking which allows users to manage their finances from their mobile device. Knowing what drives the rate of mobile banking adoption can help financial institutions target and convert non-users and improve their overall customer experience. This thesis highlights the relevance of mobile banking through the theoretical framework of Everett Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations and explores potential drivers of mobile banking adoption. Results from the survey reveal the demographic and attitudinal characteristics of mobile banking users who are at least 18 years of age and reside in the United States.
COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF IV INJECTION OF KETOPROFEN AND PARACETAMOL IN THE TREATMENT OF TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE
Authors: Abuzuaiter Issa , Tenawe Hossen M. , Arshad Hafeez , Tenawe Yousef
Published: April 2021

Background: Headaches are one of the commonly reported issues throughout the world population. Globally, Tension-type headache is a more common problem. Individuals facing long occurring and more severe headaches may go for care from the medical facility. However, most of the individuals do not do so which usually consequences in inappropriate and inadequate management of this problem.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of ketoprofen IV injection and paracetamol IV injection in the treatment of tension-type headache.

Methodology: A validated questionnaire was designed to conduct this study. Certain inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to select the participants. Patients having the age between 20 to 40 years were treated with paracetamol and ketoprofen and their responses were recorded and evaluated.

Results: Our results suggest that paracetamol has more vital signs stability when compared with ketoprofen and is safer in terms of drug-induced allergic reaction and injection site reaction. However, ketoprofen has a faster onset of action when compared with paracetamol.

Conclusion:  Management of tension-type headache is neglected most of the time which affects the quality of life and productivity in the affected population. Development and update of existing guidelines for tension-type headache are essential in managing this issue. Both ketoprofen and paracetamol are effective in treating this issue but both have some side effects. Future studies are still desired to further evaluate their effects.

Keywords: Tension-type headache, Headache, analgesics, Ketoprofen, Paracetamol
Climate-Smart Agriculture: Compost Amendments
Authors: Winfield Emilie ,   California Climate Hub (U.S.),   John Muir Institute of the Environment. Working Lands Innovation Center
Published: April 2021

This fact sheet is the second installment of a four-part climate-smart agriculture series exploring the relationship between carbon farming, soil health, and soil amendments on CA croplands and rangelands. This fact sheet focuses on compost and subsequent fact sheets will address the benefits of biochar and pulverized rock. The series is intended for members of the technical assistance community who advise CA growers on climate-smart agriculture.
Climate-Smart Agriculture: Rock Amendments
Authors: Winfield Emilie ,   California Climate Hub (U.S.),   John Muir Institute of the Environment. Working Lands Innovation Center
Published: April 2021

This fact sheet is the third installment of a four-part climate-smart agriculture series exploring the relationship between carbon farming, soil health, and soil amendments on CA croplands and rangelands. This fact sheet focuses on pulverized rock amendments and other fact sheets address the benefits of compost and biochar. The series is intended for members of the technical assistance community who advise CA growers on climate-smart agriculture.
Tribute to Father Dr Richard William Timm, CSC (1923- 2020): First Editor of the Bangladesh Journal Of Zoology
Authors: Naser M Niamul
Published: April 2021

Abstract not available

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 213-214, 2020
Using parasites as biological tag for Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) migration in Bangladesh waters
Authors: Bhuiyan Md Aminul Islam , Jhinu Zannatun Nahar
Published: April 2021

The study was aimed at following the movement of adolescent Tenualosa ilisha from nursery grounds to feeding and spawning grounds or other type of movements in Bangladesh waters. To accomplish this, data on metazoan endoparasites were used as biological tags for detection of migratory route. A total of 2667 host fishes were collected from eleven sites covering the three different ecological habitats of Bangladesh. Initial selection of parasites as biological tags was executed by using established criteria, primarily on the basis of different level of infection in different habitats. The role of incidental parasites as tags is also discussed. Overall fourteen species under eleven genus of endohelminths were identified from alimentary canal and associated organs of host, only three species of them had satisfied the criteria of being as biological tag. These are cestode parasite Ilisha parthenogenetica and acanthocephalan parasite Acanthosentis indica and Acanthosentis hilsai. Higher prevalence of these parasites at respective sites and the trend of prevalence of infection in size class of host fish demonstrated host‟s anadromous nature and reinforced the belief that the T. ilisha as a whole, migrates from the sea to the rivers via the estuaries and vice versa.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 243-251, 2020
Twelve new records of Coral associated fish from the Saint Martin’s island based on morphometric and molecular approaches
Authors: Naznin Mst Mashruba , Baki Mohammad Abdul , Hossain Md Muzammel , Datta Sujan Kumar , Ahmed Md Sagir
Published: April 2021

The study was conducted to know the diversity of coral associated fishes of the Saint Martin Island from December 2017 to April 2019. A total of 46 coral associated marine fish species were recorded, among them 12 species; sunajtuLiughcliug , Lutjanus russellii, Parupeneus indicus, Siganus sutor, Thalassoma lunare, Gazza achlamys, Pomadasys andamanensis, Pomadasys kaakan, Lethrinus crocineus, Argyrosomus regius, Istigobius ornatus and Cryptocentrus cyanotaenia under six family were newly recorded from this Island. We assume that there are more species to be explored and need proper management strategy for conservation of coral reef and its associated biodiversity.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 253-262, 2020
Maximum Sustainable Yield for the Passur river fishery of Bangladesh by using Surplus-production model
Authors: Rouf Muhammad Abdur , Md Shahriar Sheik Istiak , Rahman Md Hafizur , Hasan Md Mehedi , Antu Al Hasan , Siddiqui Md Noman
Published: April 2021

Maximum sustainable yield (MSY), fishing effort (fmsy) and total allowable catch (TAC) of major fishery in the Passur River, Bangladesh were estimated using surplus production model (Schaefer and Fox model) with observation-error estimator based on four years (2011-2014) catch and effort data. Fox model was especially highlighted in this study; the estimated value of MSY was 4.61 kg with corresponding fmsy of 13.51 units (200m2SBN/day). Moreover, the mean value of MSY and TAC with 95% confidence interval in stochastic method was 4.53 kg and 4.08 kg respectively with the 13.22 units of fishing effort (fmsy). The overall results provide clear evidence that the fishery of the Passur River is being overexploited in the months from December to March. Sustainable exploitation of this stock can be assured through reducing present fishing effort. In addition, TAC might be incorporated along with several existing fisheries management measures to ensure the compensation of this stock towards long term sustainability.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 301-312, 2020
Proximate composition, amino acids and fatty acids profiles of wild and cultured Climbing Perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1795)
Authors: Akter Mst Taslima , Faruque Md Hasan , Hasan Md Rakibul , Rahman Mohammad Shamsur
Published: April 2021

The availability and compositions of foods in the aquatic system have a direct influence on nutritional compositions of fish muscle. This research aimed to determine the nutritional compositions of wild and cultured climbing perch, Anabas testudineus, between pre-monsoon and post-monsoon. The proximate compositions, total amino acid, and fatty acid profiles were determined by AOAC, HPLC and GC, respectively. The results in dicated that proximate (e.g., moisture, ash, protein and lipid), amino acid and fatty acid profile varied significantly (p<0.05) between wild and cultured fishes depend on season. The highest amount of moisture (79.62±0.92%) was found in wild A. testudineus and lowest amount of ash (2.50±0.09%) was found in cultured A. testudineus during pre-monsoon. For both cultured and wild A. testudineus, amount of protein was higher in post-monsoon than in pre-monsoon period. The protein and amino acids contents as well as lipid and fatty acids of the fish species showed a significant (p<0.05) seasonal variations. Among the 14 recorded amino acidsthe major amino acids in the total crude protein were histidine, methionine, isoleucine, lysine, glutamic acid, and glycine. The ratio of Essential Amino Acid (EA)/Non-Essential Amino Acid (NEA) was highest (0.34) in cultured fish of post-monsoon season and lowest (0.25) in wild fish of pre-monsoon season. The major fatty acid so wild and cultured A. testudineus were oleic acid (18:1), palmitic acid (16:0), linoleic acid (18:2), stearic acid (18:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1), andmyristic acid (14:0).Some fatty acids [Lauric acid (C12:0), Pentad cyclic acid (C15:0), Arachidic acid (C20:0)]were not detected in cultured fish but present in wild fish. The n-3/n-6 ratio was highest (0.48) in wild fish of post-monsoon season and lowest (0.14) in cultured fish of pre-monsoon season. Therefore, a comprehensive study on wild and cultured climbing perch is required for further confirmation of the result of the present study.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 365-378, 2020
Comparative study on Headless Shell-On (HLSO) Black Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) processing under on board and land based factory facilities
Authors: Ahmed S , Uddin MH , Istiak SM
Published: April 2021

Shrimps is one of the main export commodities of the country and earns about more than 40 crores 47 lac US $in 2017. Black Tiger (BT) shrimp alone contributes about 67 % to the total shrimp export per year. Aquaculture shrimps are being processed in the land-based processing plant while wild catch is being processed onboard (fishing vessels) in the Bay of Bengal. A study was conducted to compare the yield and economic loss/gain of headless shell-on (HLSO) shrimp during processing by labor and crews at onboard (sea) and land based (land) factories. A total of twelve samples were examined; six for land and six for sea that was designated as “P” and “V”, respectively. After beheading to produce HLSO, individual shrimp weight was measured. The average weight of an individual BT was 50.25 ± 4.174 g for V and 51.13 ±3.66 g for P. Average yield from individual shrimp was 1.19 g higher in P compared to V. Found 23.10 g less production from 1 kg BT in V compare to P which is statistically significant (P=0.057). Our estimated results indicated that one vessel got 649.89 Kg less product valued BDT 1,381,016 compare to land based processing plants due to processing by crews on board. Whole scenario predicts that more economic loss if we consider for 37 shrimp trawlers in operation.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 393-398, 2020
Butterfly diversity in the three selected areas in Dhaka city, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Aminul , Kashem Md Abul , Alim Md Abdul , Zohora Fatema Tuz
Published: April 2021

The diversity of butterfly species was studied from January to June 2015 in the three selected areas, viz. Ramna Park, Jagannath University Campus, and Baldha Garden in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. A total 75 species of butterfly belonging to 42 genera under 8 families were recorded from the study areas during the study period. Of them, 52 species (6253 individuals) of 8 families were found in the Ramna Park, 37 species (1430 individuals) of 7 families in the Jagannath University Campus and 20 species (320 individuals) of 6 families in the Boldha Garden. In these three study areas, 17 species, 14 genera and 6 families were in common. At the Ramna Park, the highest species richness included the family Lycaenidae (21.15%, 11 spp.) followed by Papilionidae (17.31%, 9 spp.), Pieridae (17.31%, 9 spp.), Nymphalidae (17.31%, 9 spp.), Hesperiidae (13.46%, 7 spp.), Danaidae (7.69%, 4 spp.), Satyridae (3.85%, 2 spp.), and the lowest was in the family Acriidae (1.92%, 1 spp.). At the Jagannath University Campus the highest number of species were recorded in the family Lycaenidae (21.62%, 8 spp.) and Hesperiidae (21.62%, 8 spp.) followed by Pieridae (18.92%, 7 spp.), Papilionidae (13.51%, 5 spp.), Nymphalidae (10.81%, 4 spp.), Danaidae (10.81%, 4 spp.), and the lowest was in Satyridae (2.70%, 1 spp.). The topmost butterfly species were recorded in the family Pieridae (25%, 5 spp.) followed by Lycaenidae (20%, 4 spp.), Nymphalidae (20%, 4 spp.), Papilionidae (15%, 3 spp.), and the lowest from the family Hesperiidae (10%, 2 spp.) and Danaidae (10%, 2 spp.) at the Baldha Garden. The maximum butterfly species were found in February to June (51 spp.), February (34 spp.), and April (16 spp.), and the lowest were in January (46 spp.), June (21 spp.) and January (8 spp.), respectively for the Ramna Park, Jagannath University Campus and the Baldha Garden. The peak of the population observed in May (n =1285), March (n = 325), and May (n = 71), and the lowest was in January (n = 662), June (n = 145) and January (n = 21), respectively for the Ramna Park, Jagannath University Campus, and Baldha Garden. The Shanon’s Diversity Index (H) and Simpson’s Index (λ) indicated high butterfly diversity at the Ramna Park (H = 3.68, λ = 0.03), Jagannath University Campus (H = 3.20, λ = 0.06) and Baldha Garden (H = 2.50, λ = 0.13), respectively. The high Species Evenness in the Ramna Park (E = 0.93), Jaganath University Campus (E = 0.89) and the Baldha Garden (E = 0.84) indicated that the species were evenly distributed. The calculated Sorenson’s Coefficient (CC) was 0.47, which indicates that these three communities have quite a bit of overlap or similarity.

Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 413-428, 2020
Kemik-eklem hastalıklarının obezite ile ilişkisi
Authors: Koçak Betül , Yüksel Aysun
Published: April 2021

Obezite; kas ve iskelet sistemi üzerinde osteoartrit, osteoporoz ve sistemik enflamatuar romatizmal hastalıkları da içeren geniş bir hastalık yelpazesini etkilemektedir. Konu üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, genellikle beden kütle indeksi ile tayin edilen obezite varlığı ile diz osteoartrid prevalansı ve insidansı arasında ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Yürüyüş analizi, diz eklemi boyunca yükü azaltmak için kilo kaybının yararlı olduğunu göstermiştir, yaklaşık 0.5 kg ağırlık kaybı, adım başına iki ila dört kat yükte azalmaya neden olmaktadır. Öte yandan obezitenin kemik yapımını artırması ve çözülümünü azaltmasıyla toplam kemik metabolizmasının korunmasına yönelik etkisi, osteoporoz için göz ardı edilmemelidir. Beden kütle indeksiin 25 üzerinde olduğu, normal ağırlığın üzerindeki hastalarda aktif olan hipertrofik adipositlerden adipositokin veya adipokin olarak tanımlanan mediatörler salınmakta, pro-enflamatuar aktiviteleri olan bu adipokinlerin enflamatuar romatizmal hastalıklar üzerine de etkisi bulunmaktadır. Kemik-eklem hastalıklarında obezitenin etkisi göz ardı edilmemeli ve klinik yaklaşımda tedavinin önemli bir parçası olarak yer almalıdır. Bu derlemede obezitenin kas-iskelet sistemi üzerinde oluşturduğu etkilerinin, güncel veriler ışığında incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Vantagens e desvantagens em trabalho de turnos de trabalhadores químicos
Authors: Todeschini Remígio
Published: April 2021

O objetivo da pesquisa foi investigar os efeitos do trabalho de turno, de acordo com o tipo de jornada de turno e número de folgas. A revisão da literatura demonstra efeitos adversos do trabalho em turnos sobre a saúde física e mental, vida social e familiar. Foram respondidos 508 questionários com processamento de dados feito pelo SPSS e Iramuteq. Desde a promulgação da Constituição de 1988, que estabeleceu o limite de seis horas para jornada diária do trabalho em turnos ininterruptos de revezamento, antes feito pelo revezamento de quatro grupos de turnos por oito horas de jornada diária, ocorreram acordos coletivos de trabalho para o cumprimento do limite constitucional com a implementação da quinta turma. Os problemas psíquicos em turnos fixos noturnos e vespertinos, das jornadas sem quinta turma, são respectivamente o dobro e 50% maiores do que na quinta turma. Na discussão vê-se que todos trabalhadores confirmam os efeitos nocivos do turno da literatura. É possível que o número maior de folgas diminua os efeitos nocivos do turno sobre a saúde, vida social e familiar. Conclusões: No caso da quinta turma, quanto maiores forem os dias de folgas, e maiores os adicionais financeiros de turno, haverá menos problemas de saúde física e mental, e melhoria no convívio social e familiar.
Os limites da proporcionalidade na construção civil em tempos de Covid-19
Authors: Silva Vidal Rui da
Published: April 2021

O mundo vive uma das maiores enfermidades epidêmicas da história. O Brasil está entre os países com o maior número de pessoas infectadas e mortas pela COVID-19. Entre as vítimas, muitas são trabalhadoras que se contaminaram no ambiente de trabalho. Dentre os mais afetados, estão os profissionais das áreas da saúde, de frigoríficos e da construção civil, conforme informações dos Ministérios da Saúde e da Economia. Diante desse contexto, a situação de grave e iminente risco no ambiente de trabalho passou a ter outro olhar. Na construção civil, os riscos de queda e de choque elétrico somam-se ao risco de adoecimento pelo coronavírus. Nessa nova perspectiva, a proporcionalidade passa a ter um papel de suma importância na ponderação dos interesses fundamentais da coletividade. A NR-3, aplicável às situações de grave e iminente risco, deve ser modulada à realidade do risco biológico decorrente da COVID-19. Assim, fatos que eram simples irregularidades nos canteiros de obra, hoje, são considerados excesso de risco à saúde dos trabalhadores. Tais eventos autorizam, por si sós, a paralisação temporária da obra. Diante desse novo quadro, a auditoria fiscal do trabalho deve adotar o embargo quando o empregador não construir as áreas de vivência, tais com: instalações sanitárias, vestiário, local para refeição e alojamento, ou quando forem inadequadas para uso dos trabalhadores, em face da pandemia da COVID-19. A medida restritiva aparece como ato adequado para corrigir distorções no ambiente laboral e prevenir os trabalhadores contra doenças ocupacionais.
Analisa Elemen Multiarms Resonator Open Loop Pada Band-Pass Filter Mikrostrip Yang Bekerja Di Frekuensi EHF
Authors: Hidayat M. Reza , Sukmawan Difa Dwi Juliantara
Published: April 2021

The use of bandpass filters is commonly used but the use of specifications varies depending on needs, in this case the microstrip bandpass filter is expected to observe the multiarms characteristics of the open loop resonator on the performance of the bandpass filter for EHF frequencies. The design of this microstrip bandpass filter uses a multiarms open loop resonator design where at the beginning of the simulation stage uses only 1 arm with patch width, arm spacing, feeder line width and patch length based on trial and error. The final simulation results are obtained with a connector distance of 2 mm and a distance of 1 mm between arms with a value of S11 = -13.8 dB and S21 = -2.8 dB at a frequency of 30.8 GHz based on the simulation results. The filter has been successfully fabricated but cannot be measured because the frequency is too high and the measuring instrument cannot measure the frequency
Sistem Pendeteksi Area Logistik Pada Pada Pesawat Tanpa Awak Untuk Area Perkebunan
Authors: Muslim Refinda Fazar
Published: April 2021

Sejak penanaman awal kelapa sawit di Indonesia pada tahun 2019 hingga saat ini, luas perkebunan kelapa sawit mengalami perkembangan yang meningkat. Indonesia merupakan salah satu komoditas produksi kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia. Karena di Indonesia terdapat beberapa perkebunan kelapa sawit yang luas, tarkadang terkendala terhadap jalur pendistribusian pupuk. Maka diperlukannya sebuah inovasi teknologi untuk pemantauan area yang sangat luas dengan waktu yang efisien. Teknologi yang cocok untuk pemantauan dan pencarian area logistik adalah dengan menggunakan pesawat tanpa awak dikarenakan penyelusuran dapat dilakukan di udara yang tidak terkendala oleh akses darat yang menyulitkan. Pemilihan pesawat tanpa awak jenis fixed wing lebih baik dibanding drone multirotor dikarenakan konsumsi daya yang rendah dan area penjelajahan yang luas. Fokus pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari area logistik pupuk di perkebunan. Area logistik yang dicari adalah terpal berbentuk kotak berwarna oranye dengan ukuran 2x2 m. Pada misi pencarian area logistik metode utama yang digunakan adalah pembatasan skala warna HSV. Untuk memaksimalkan proses pengamatan area logistik diperlukan sistem untuk memaksimalkan kecepatan komputasi frame dalam mendeteksi area logistik sehingga tidak menurunkan kecepatan frame yang ditampilkan. Pengujian pendeteksian area logistik menggunakan satu parameter HSV untuk menguji keandalan sistem pendeteksian dalam mencari area logistik. Pengujian dilakukan pada pagi hari pada pukul 08.00 hingga siang hari pada pukul 15.00.  Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dapat ditarik kesimpulan kecepatan komputasi dalam mendeteksi area logistik adalah 25 fps dan sistem pendeteksian dapat mendeteksi area logistik dengan rentang intensitas kecerahan 24710 lux hingga 41530 lux dengan 1 parameter HSV.
تطور العلاقة بين القانون واللائحة وأثره في قواعد توزيع الاختصاص بين الهيئتين التشريعية والتنفيذية
Authors: الشاوي سرى حارث
Published: April 2021

أفرز استقرار مبدأ الفصل بين السلطات بمفهومه المطلق أو النسبي إلى استقرار قواعد توزيع الاختصاص لكل هيئة من هيئات الدولة (التشريعية، التنفيذية، القضائية) وهذا بدوره أدى إلى بروز مبدأ الانفراد التشريعي الذي يعني انفراد السلطة التشريعية دون غيرها بمباشرة الاختصاص التشريعي، كما ترتب عليه عدم إمكانية مباشرة هذا الاختصاص من قبل هيئة أخرى، وانحصر دور السلطة التنفيذية في إصدار اللوائح (الأنظمة) لوضع التشريعات موضع التنفيذ، ولا يمكن للسلطة التنفيذية مباشرة أي اختصاص تشريعي إلاّ بصورة استثنائية وبناءً على تصريح وارد في الدستور أو بإذن من المشرع وهذا أدى إلى ظهور ما يعرف بالعلاقة التقليدية بين القانون واللائحة، كما أن من مقتضيات مبدأ الانفراد التشريعي أن يباشر البرلمان اختصاصه التشريعي بنفسه وأن لا يمتنع عن مباشرة هذا الاختصاص أو يتنازل عن جزء من اختصاصاته التشريعية لهيئة أخرى تحت أي مبرر من المبررات العملية أو النظرية وإلاّ كان المشرع متسلباً من اختصاصه سواء بالافراط بالعمومية وكثرة الإحالة إلى السلطة التشريعية لغرض التنظيم، أو من خلال الافراط في التفويض التشريعي خلافاً لقواعد التفويض الواردة في الدستور، إلاّ أن هذا المبدأ بدأ يفقد صرامته نتيجة للظروف السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية التي أدت إلى تغير العلاقة ما بين القانون واللائحة وبالتالي تغيير المجال التشريعي لكل من البرلمان والحكومة، هذه الدراسة تركز على مراحل تطور العلاقة ما بين القانون واللائحة وأثرها في تغيير المجال التشريعي لكل من السلطة التشريعية والسلطة التنفيذية.
الاساس القانوني للتعاون الدولي في قمع جريمة تمويل الارهاب
Authors: عبيد اثير حسن , عباس سرمد عامر
Published: April 2021

شعر المجتمع الدولي بالحاجة الملحة والضرورية الى وضع وسائل وضوابط قانونية لمكافحة تمويل الجرائم الارهابية،   لذا اصدرت الامم المتحدة الاتفاقية الدولية لقمع تمويل الارهاب لعام 1999  وعدد من القرارات التي من شانها السيطرة على ممولي التنظيمات الارهابية في العالم،   وخصوصا قرار مجلس الامن المرقم (1373) لعام 2001،   وتبعها بعد ذلك عدد من الدول كلا في نطاقها المحلي،   حيث اتجهت الدول الى وضع تشريعات تتناسب مع ظروف كل دولة،   غير أن جميعها جاءت لتتفق على أن المواجهة التشريعية والامنية والقضائية لجرائم تمويل العمليات الارهابية لن توتي بثمارها الا اذا تم دعمها بتعاون دولي مماثل من اجل مكافحة مثل تلك الجرائم .
MAHREMİYET KAPSAMINDA KİŞİSEL SAĞLIK VERİLERİNİN KORUNMASI VE DEPOLANMASI
Authors: ATALAY Havva Nur
Published: April 2021

Kişiye özgü, kişisel bilgiler şeklinde tanımlanan kişisel veriler, ilerleyen teknolojiler doğrultusunda siber saldırıların bulunması ve kötü niyetli bireylerin/şirketlerin rekabet avantajı sağlamak amacıyla bu verileri elde etmeye çalışması sebebiyle mahremiyetinin sağlanması ve korunması noktasında günümüzde gittikçe daha da önemli hale gelmiştir. Mahremiyet kavramı sağlık alanında yalnızca bedensel mahremiyet olarak hasta mahremiyeti şeklinde değil bilgi mahremiyeti veya bilişsel mahremiyet olarak da ele alınmaktadır. Kişisel verilerin korunması ve depolanması konusunda da bilgi mahremiyetinin sağlanması oldukça önem arz etmektedir. Kişisel sağlık verileri bireyin hastane kapısından girdiği andan çıktığı ana kadar paylaştığı bilgiler ve hekim tarafından yapılan tahlil, tetkik sonuçlarını da kapsayan bilgiler bütünüdür. 6698 Sayılı Kişisel Verileri Koruma Kanunu’nda özel nitelikli kişisel veriler olarak yer alan kişisel sağlık verilerinin korunması ve depolanması da ayrıca hassasiyet gerekmektedir. Bu doğrultuda Tıbbi Arşiv Yönetmeliği ve dijital veri koruma standartları göz önünde bulundurulmaktadır. Ulusal ve uluslararası birçok sözleşmede kişisel verilerin korunması hususu dikkatle ele alınmıştır. 108 Sayılı sözleşme ile başlayan ve 2016-2019 yıllarında yayımlanan yönetmeliklerle ulusal alanda gündeme gelen kişisel verilerin korunmasının hukuken işleyiş açısından sekteye uğramadığı görülmektedir. Fakat uygulama açısından henüz yeterli önem verilmediği için mahremiyet ihlalleri mevcuttur. E-nabız, Minimum Veri Modeli gibi yöntemlerle kişisel sağlık verileri kriptolu şekilde korunarak mahremiyet ihlali en aza indirilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Literatüre bakıldığı zaman kişisel verilerin korunması noktasında birçok hukuki bakış açısı kazandırılmıştır fakat kişisel verileri sağlık alanında inceleyen ve mahremiyet boyutuyla ele alan çalışma sayısı oldukça azdır. Literatürdeki bu açığa karşılık çalışmanın amacı kişisel sağlık verilerinin korunması ve depolanması konusunu mahremiyet bakış açısıyla değerlendirmektir.