bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El embrión humano fecundado in vivo vs. el embrión humano fecundado in vitro: un análisis de los derechos, de estas dos formas de concepción de vida, en el derecho comparado y Colombia
Authors: Bermeo Antury Elias , Corredor Torres José Eduardo
Published: July 2022

Analizar los derechos reconocidos al embrión humano en los diferentes países, implica profundizar en la reglamentación vigente en materia del aborto y la fecundación in vitro. Dos practicas que sacan a la luz el debate sobre el estatuto jurídico del embrión humano, y que su legalidad o ilegalidad, reflejan una comprensión antropológica patente en las leyes de cada país. Lo paradójico que hemos escrudiñado en este texto, es que los países que han legalizado el aborto han construido una serie de regulaciones sobre la manipulación de los embriones creados in vitro. Esto nos permite deducir, que se proteja al embrión humano concebido in vitro, de cualquier manipulación y destrucción, expresa que la legislación no lo reconoce como una cosa u objeto, sino como un sujeto de derecho; todo lo contario, a lo que pasa con los embriones fecundados en vivo, ante las leyes que dan viabilidad a la interrupción voluntario del embarazo. Ante este panorama legal surge el interrogante: ¿por qué el embrión fecundado in vitro posee más garantías de protección que un embrión humano fecundado en vivo? ¿Cuáles son los argumentos legales, antropológicos y axiológicos para establecer las diferencias ontológicas entre un embrión fecundado in vitro y uno en vivo? Esto interrogantes, son la ruta en el camino de esta investigación, que no solo se ha centrado en conocer la normativa internacional y local, sobre la fecundación in vitro y el aborto, sino que ha buscado hacer un análisis filosófico a los fundamentos que sostiene cada legislación.
Efeito da pandemia da Covid-19 sobre a pobreza multidimensional no Paraguai durante o Período 2016-2020
Authors: Cuenca López Anibal David , Camargos Teixeira Evandro
Published: July 2022

pobreza multidimensional está associada à teoriada pobreza e desenvolvimento humano de Amartya Sen.Uma das metodologias mais utilizadas para estimá-la, bemcomo determinar suas múltiplas privações, é o Índice dePobreza Multidimensional (IPM), desenvolvido por SabinaAlkire e James Foster. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar oefeito da pandemia da Covid-19 sobre a evolução da pobrezamultidimensional no Paraguai para o período 2016-2020. Osresultados demonstram que os programas sociais ajudaram areduzir os efeitos negativos da Covid-19, diminuindo o IPM,particularmente no caso das privações relacionadas a práticasinadequadas ou falta de serviços de eliminação de resíduos,além de pessoas doentes ou acidentadas sem acesso a cuidadosde saúde. Por outro lado, as privações correspondentes asuperlotação e desemprego aumentaram com o advento dapandemia e se mostraram pouco sensíveis aos efeitos dosprogramas sociais implementados.
Efectos de la calidad del servicio académico: un acercamiento a la satisfacción del estudiante de la provincia de Tungurahua (Ecuador)
Authors: Caisa Yucailla Elias David , Garcés Lescano Alexander David , Vite Constante Jonathan Paúl
Published: July 2022

La satisfacción de los estudiantes con el servicioeducativo se ha considerado uno de los factores estratégicos máscríticos para atraer estudiantes de instituciones de educaciónsuperior en todo el mundo. Se han desarrollado varios modelosde satisfacción con la calidad del servicio educativo para motivaracciones tendientes a mejorar la calidad de la educación. Esteestudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la satisfacción de losestudiantes y su relación con la calidad del servicio de educaciónsuperior de las universidades de la provincia de Tungurahua(Ecuador). Se realizó una encuesta transversal a 293 estudiantesde los últimos niveles de educación superior. Los resultadosde la investigación mostraron que el modelo de satisfacciónde los estudiantes con el servicio educativo según el modeloteórico propuesto comprendió 5 dimensiones que incluyenel acceso al servicio educativo, las instalaciones y el equipode enseñanza, el entorno educativo, las actividades educativasy los resultados educativos. Además, la satisfacción de todaslas dimensiones de la calidad del servicio educativo desde ladimensión 1 a la 4 afecta la satisfacción de los resultadoseducativos, de los cuales las actividades educativas tienen elimpacto más significativo. El resultado de esta investigaciónpuede proporcionar una serie de recomendaciones para lasuniversidades para que implementen medidas adecuadas paramejorar la satisfacción de los estudiantes con los servicioseducativos recibidos, mejorando así los resultados educativos,atrayendo y reteniendo a los estudiantes.
Enhancing Hydrogen Generation using CdS-modified TiO2 Nanotube Arrays in 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol as a Hole Scavenger
Authors: Ratnawati Ratnawati , Slamet Slamet , Toya Farah Diba , Kuntolaksono Satrio
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, the lack of renewable energy such as hydrogen, and other environmental issues are problems that must be resolved. 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) is classified as a recalcitrant pollutant due to its carcinogenic properties, high toxicity, and dangers to the environment therefore it needs to be eliminated. Hydrogen production using organic pollutant (2,4,6-TCP solution) as a hole scavenger on CdS-TiO2 nanotube arrays photocatalyst (TNTA-CdS) has been investigated at various CdS loading on TNTA and the initial concentration of 2,4,6-TCP. The TNTA sample was prepared by anodization and followed by an electrodeposition method to decorate CdS on TNTA. The H2 which was generated by reduction H+ and the 2,4,6-TCP removal was performed simultaneously by photocatalysis with TNTA-CdS as photocatalyst. The mole ratio of CdCl2:CH3CSNH2 as precursors of CdS deposited on TNTA (CdS loading) were 0.1:0.06, 0.2:0.12, and 0.4:0.24 and the initial concentration of 2,4,6-TCP were 10, 20 and 40 ppm. Meanwhile, the photocatalytic performance of the variations in CdS loading on TNTA and initial concentration of 2,4,6-TCP toward hydrogen generation was investigated in a photoreactor for 240 minutes under visible light irradiation with a mercury lamp as a photon source. The CdS decorating on TNTA was confirmed by SEM, EDX, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization. According to the UV-Vis and XRD analysis, the TNTA-CdS samples have bandgap energies in the range of 2.71 - 2.89 eV and comprise a 100% anatase phase. Based on the photocatalysis results, the optimum composition of CdS loading is 0.2:0.16 (TNTA-CdS-2) which produced the highest total hydrogen (2.155 mmol/g) compared to the other compositions and produced 1.5 times higher compared to TNTA at 40 ppm of 2,4,6-TCP.
In vitro propagation and plant regeneration of Torenia crustacea (L.) Charm. & Schltdl; an important ethnic medicinal plant
Authors: Baro Tikendrajit , Das Sandeep
Published: July 2022

Torenia crustacea (L.) Charm. & Schltdl is an important medicinal herb used in India, Indonesia and Malaysia. This herb is used by Bodo tribes in the Bodoland Territorial Region, Assam to treat various diseases like diabetes. The present experiment developed an efficient protocol for in vitro mass propagation technique for Torenia crustacea species using its nodal explants. For tissue culture, the rapidly growing nodal explants of Torenia crustacea were used. Effective explant surface sterilisation was found at 15 min. of treatment with 2% sodium hypochlorite resulting in a maximum explant survival rate and a lower rate of explant contamination after 21 days of explant culture. Media containing full strength MS (Murashige and Skoog's) + BAP (6- Benzyl amino purine) (1 mg/l) were found most effective for the establishment of the explant. The highest shoot proliferation and multiplication were observed in the media containing full strength MS + BAP (1 mg/l) + NAA (Naphthalene acetic acid) (0.2 mg/l); in this combination, an average of 16 shoots formed per nodal explant. The rooting of explants was observed highest in MS media along with 0.4 mg/l concentration of NAA and 1 mg/l BA. The in vitro multiplied shoots were grown in plastic pots containing vermicompost fertiliser and soil mixture and successfully grown in the open field condition.
The inverted logic as a source of carnival familiarity
Authors: Lipiński Kamil
Published: July 2022

In breaking away from the dominant rituals, the sanctioned church holidays, and traditional rules of behavior, the article analyzes the placement of carnival culture on the margins of official culture, the inversion of social principles introduced into a reality devoid of constitutive norms in normal life, eliminating any social division by reversing values and destroying the existing order. A historical perspective raises important questions about the unparalleled features of the carnival, including the combination of people, regardless of their social and intellectual differences. In line with the adoption of the culture of laughter and its tools, the dynamics of carnival managed to assume a reversal, degradation, grotesque, bottom-up logic in order to bring people together and facilitate their interpersonal relationships.
A (2 + 1)-dimensional variable-coefficients extension of the Date–Jimbo–Kashiwara–Miwa equation: Lie symmetry analysis, optimal system and exact solutions
Authors: Hu Yuru , Zhang Feng , Xin Xiangpeng , Liu Hanze
Published: July 2022

In this article, the Date–Jimbo–Kashiwara–Miwa equation is extended to a new variable-coefficients equation with respect to the time variable. The infinitesimal generators are acquired by studying the Lie symmetry analysis of the equation, and the optimal system of this equation is presented. After that, the equation performed similarity reductions, and the reduced partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the help of traveling wave transform. Then, the exact solutions are found by applying the extended tanh-function method. Finally, the structural features of exact solutions to different times are shown with the help of images.
Evaluation of appropriate vancomycin prescribing for the prevention of newborn group B streptococcal infections in a community hospital obstetrics service
Authors: Assabahi Amirah , Driggers Rita , Keeys Christopher A. , Mader Alexa , Norris Paul
Published: July 2022

Objectives

The 2019 American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) guidelines update for the prevention of perinatal group B Streptococcus (GBS) infections stipulate that vancomycin should be reserved to treat penicillin-allergic women at high risk for anaphylaxis with documented GBS resistance to clindamycin. Protocols and policies were adapted at the community hospital to incorporate these new guidelines. The primary objective of this research was to evaluate institutional compliance to these guidelines and secondarily, clinical outcomes.

Methods

Clinical pharmacists, in collaboration with an obstetrician, performed this hospital-based study. All instances of intravenous (IV) vancomycin therapy in GBS-positive patients were assessed from 1/1/2018 through 1/1/2021 and compared to the 2010 and 2019 ACOG guidelines. Treatment was analyzed to determine the appropriateness of both indication for use and dosage regimen as co-primary endpoints. Secondary endpoints included renal monitoring parameters, suspected adverse reactions, and early onset GBS disease in newborns, specifically sepsis, meningitis, and/or pneumonia.

Results

L&D admissions during the study period included 15,129 patients. All 30 L&D patients who received IV vancomycin for GBS prophylaxis were included in the study. This project demonstrated low compliance to the ACOG guidelines and identified previously unrecognized opportunities for improvement.

Conclusions

The low compliance observed in this study, with the exception of documenting GBS status, occurred in spite of hospital adoption of a GBS order set, an updated vancomycin protocol and targeted education of clinical pharmacists. Assessment of the causes of noncompliance identified several potential corrective actions, especially in ordering and monitoring vancomycin.
Living with Absence, Missing Migrants and the Red Cross and Red Crescent’s Restoring Family Links Program
Authors: Secen Sefa , Shalaby Mostafa
Published: July 2022

The chaos and confusion that accompany war, disaster, and international migration separate families when they need each other most. The Red Cross and Red Crescent join the search across international borders, offering a unique service that allows families to reconnect. This paper examines the role of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, and specifically their Restoring Family Links (RFL) program in the search for missing migrants. Based on interviews with the RFL program’s officers and those individuals who have been reconnected with their missing family members, this paper evaluates the results and implications of the RFL program model, draws out lessons and insights (local, regional, or global), and makes policy recommendations. Also, by sharing migrants’ experiences and insights, it aims to raise awareness of the less well-known legal, economic, and social consequences of the displacement crises.
Temperature and duration of vernalization effect on the vegetative growth of garlic (Allium sativum L.) clones in Indonesia
Authors: Azmi Chotimatul , Rosliani Rini , Handayani Dwi Pangesti , Jayanti Hadis , Liferdi Liferdi , Palupi Endah R.
Published: July 2022

Garlic is usually propagated asexually from the cloves. Clove as the propagation source for garlic has many weaknesses. Alternatively, bulbils could be used for the propagation. The aim of this study was to know the effect of temperature and time of vernalization from several clones of Indonesian garlic to bulbil production. This research was conducted at a farmer’s field at Banjarnegara, Central Java, Indonesia. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Block Design with three factors: temperature of vernalization, i.e., 0, 5, and 10°C, duration of vernalization, i.e., 20, 40, and 60 days, and on 12 garlic varieties/clones (V1–V12). Cloves of garlic were vernalized in cold storage according to the treatments and then planted in the field. The results revealed that a temperature of 5°C and duration of 20 days of vernalization independently single factor increased the number of bulbils of V3. Bulbil variables of V4 and V7 were enhanced with vernalization at 0°C for 20 days, although it did not significantly differ from the control. Therefore, these clones do not need particular vernalization treatment in order to produce bulbils.
„Nach der Natur“: Schweizer Fotografie des 19. Jahrhunderts in einem kooperativen Ausstellungs- und Buchprojekt der Fotostiftung Schweiz
Authors: Manthey Stefanie
Published: July 2022

Die Fotostiftung Schweiz mit Sitz in Winterthur legte im Jubiläumsjahr 2021 in einem von ihr initiierten Projekt zur Fotografie des 19. Jahrhunderts in allen Landesteilen der Schweiz die Grundlagen für die zukünftige forschende, sammelnde, konservatorische und restauratorische Beschäftigung mit dem Medium. Mögliche Schwerpunkte sind die kritische Diskussion des Begriffs Fotografie und der Aufrechterhaltung ihrer Kartografie aus nationaler Perspektive sowie die Erweiterung ihrer Erforschung im europäischen Kontext.
Panel data models with two threshold variables
Authors: Lamadrid-Contreras Arturo , Ramírez-Rondán Nelson R.
Published: July 2022

We develop threshold estimation methods for panel data models with two threshold variables and individual fixed specific effects covering short time periods. In the static panel data model, we propose least squares estimation of the threshold and regression slopes using fixed effects transformations; while in the dynamic panel data model, we propose maximum likelihood estimation of the threshold and slope parameters using first difference transformations. In both models, we propose to estimate the threshold parameters sequentially. We apply the methods to a 15-year sample of 565 U.S. firms to test whether financial constraints affect investment decisions.
Pseudogapping in English: a direct interpretation approach
Authors: Kim Jong-Bok , Runner Jeffrey T.
Published: July 2022

Gapping elides a finite verb in the non-initial conjunct of a coordinate structure while VP ellipsis deletes a whole VP after an auxiliary. Unlike these two, pseudogapping elides most of the VP except one remnant. Pseudogapping additionally differs from gapping and VP ellipsis, in that it involves ellipsis of part of a non-finite VP. In this paper we provide a Construction Grammar account of pseudogapping that captures its similarities with as well as differences from other related elliptical constructions like VP ellipsis. Our construction-based analysis, which capitalizes on the inheritance network of constructions to capture broad similarities and unique differences among these constructions, allows us to account for the full range of extant data.
Design and Investigation of Dynamic Properties of the Developed Glass-Jute-CGS Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Polymer Composites for High-Performance Applications
Authors: Arun K. , Mala D. , Gopalakannan S. , Prakash C.
Published: July 2022

In the current investigation, hybrid polymer composites developed using alkali treated Calotropis Gigantea stem fibers (CGS) as well as jute (J) and glass (G) fibers with different weight percentages are incorporated into the epoxy matrix. The dynamic characteristics for the inclusion of CGS fibers with glass-jute fiber reinforced epoxy-based laminates were determined experimentally. Here, three different sets of laminates, namely G-CGS-J-CGS-G, G-J-CGS-J-G, and G-CGS-CGS-CGS-G, were fabricated by means of the hand lay-up method. In addition, different weight percentages (wt. %) of CGS fibers, 0 wt. %, 5 wt. %, 10 wt. %, 15 wt. %, 20 wt. %, and 25 wt. %, were incorporated in the glass-jute fiber reinforced epoxy resin. The various analytical characterization results confirm that the incorporation of CGS fibers in the glass-jute fiber reinforced epoxy resin enhances the dynamic properties of the glass-jute fiber reinforced epoxy-based laminates, such as storage modulus, loss modulus, and tanδ values. The morphology of the fractured specimens due to the damage mechanisms was observed using a scanning electron microscope. Further, it was observed that the highest improvement in dynamic properties was achieved for the G-J-CGS-J-G hybrid laminate with 20 wt. % incorporated CGS fibers. The maximum storage modulus was observed in the G-J-CGS-J-G laminate of 8.263 Pa, with a loss modulus of 7.345 Pa and tanδ of 0.433 for 20 wt. % of CGS fibers. From the overall results, it was concluded that the hybrid laminate with 20 wt. % incorporated CGS fibers could be used for high-performance automobile interior applications.
A Comparative Study on the Oxidative Stability of Polycarbosilane-Based Cf/C–SiC and Cf/SiC Composites
Authors: Kamal Anurag , Painuly Anil , Prabhakaran Shyin Palani , Packirisamy S.
Published: July 2022

A carbon/carbon–silicon carbide (C/C–SiC) composite was prepared by first fabricating a C/C preform using carbon fiber and phenolic resin and subsequently densifying with a polymer precursor of SiC, viz., polycarbosilane (PCS). The C/SiC composite was realized by using PCS. These composites were machined and were subjected to oxidation resistance tests at 1,000°C and 1,500°C under a constant flow of air (6 slpm (standard litre per minute)) for a total duration of 60 min. The oxidation study was extended to the porous C/C preform and a commercially available dense C/C composite. The plot of mass loss versus time for all four types of composites indicates early saturation of mass loss for C/SiC, delayed saturation for C/C–SiC, whereas there was no saturation for C/C composites. The reasons for this behavior are analyzed using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an electron dispersive spectrometer, which reveal that the higher SiC content in C/SiC composite is responsible for self-sealing of the pores even at 1,500°C, whereas the lesser SiC content in C/C–SiC composite and C/C composites is unable to deliver the same results for the chosen set of experiments.
A Comparative Study on Representativeness and Stochastic Efficacy of Miniature Tensile Specimen Testing
Authors: Karnati Sreekar , Isanaka Sriram Praneeth , Zhang Yunlu , Liou Frank F. , Schulthess Jason L.
Published: July 2022

In this article, a miniature dog bone tensile coupon design was tested against the existing ASTM standard specimen design. Specimens were prepared from commercially sourced austenitic stainless steel 304 alloy, and a defect-ridden additively manufactured 304L alloy was studied. By utilizing a tensile specimen design that is 1/230th volume of the smallest ASTM E8-04(2016), Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials, dog bone specimen, coupled to a digital image correlation (DIC) setup, case studies were performed to compare tensile property measurements and strain field evolution. Whereas yield strength measurements were observed to be similar, post-yield, the ultimate strength measurements and ductility measurements from the miniature specimens were observed to be higher than the ASTM specimen design. Although the strength measurements were comparable, the strain evolution was found to differ in the miniature specimens. Studies to assess effects of varying thickness and defect population were also pursued on the miniature tensile specimen. From the DIC strain field estimations, the peak local strain values at ultimate tensile strength were observed to be increasing with reducing specimen thickness. Testing of defect ridden stainless steel revealed the sensitivity to failure through strain localization and the influence of defect size was captured in the strength measurements.
“One or Two?”: Fertility Decisions After the One-child Policy in China
Authors: Zhang Chuhan
Published: July 2022

The one-child policy, as a government-guided family planning and birth control policy, lasted for nearly thirty years beginning in the 1970s. As the decreasing fertility rate in modern Chinese society caused many problems, such as a demographic imbalance, the government decided to establish the universal two-child policy in urban areas in 2015. However, the fertility rate did not rise as much as the government expected. To study the reasons for the continuously low fertility rate, I conducted 20 semi-structured qualitative interviews with 20 young married heterosexual couples in the city of Jinan, Shandong province, China. Throughout this paper, I focus on the role of kinship and the socioeconomic barriers to having a second child in urban Chinese families after the establishment of the two-child policy. The main reasons explaining the unexpected low fertility rate after the universal two-child policy in urban areas are first, increasing cost of investing in children, and second, the lack of interaction with cousins. This research outlines demographic policy and how fertility ideology and family decisions changed through policy changes.
DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Usefulness of genetic testing of fine-needle aspirations for diagnosis of thyroid cancer
Authors: Stewardson Paul , Eszlinger Markus , Paschke Ralf
Published: July 2022

Objective

Genetic testing is increasingly used to diagnose or rule out thyroid cancer in indeterminate fine-needle aspirations. This review evaluates the usefulness of these methods with considerations of advantages and limitations.

Design

Given the diagnostic problem associated with the increasing incidental detection of indeterminate thyroid nodules in the context of thyroid cancer overtreatment, we consider the conditions and respective necessary settings for the role of genetic testing to improve presurgical malignancy risk stratification.

Methods

We review diagnostic pathway requirements and commercially available molecular tests with their respective advantages and disadvantages and discuss the prerequisites required for local application and implementation including quality assurance for local ultrasound and cytopathology practices.

Results

Recent improvements in available molecular diagnostic tests have brought high sensitivity and specificity in initial validation studies, but whether these promising results translate to other clinical settings depends on the quality of the local thyroid nodule diagnostic pathway.

Conclusions

Genetic testing can meaningfully improve presurgical malignancy risk assessment, but more work is needed to implement and use genetic testing effectively in local settings.
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Medullary thyroid cancer: from molecular biology and therapeutic pitfalls to future targeted treatment perspectives
Authors: Saltiki Katerina , Simeakis George , Karapanou Olga , Alevizaki Maria
Published: July 2022

During the last decades, knowledge of the molecular biology in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and specifically on the role of rearranged during transfection (RET)-activating mutations in tumorigenesis has led to the evolution of novel targeted therapies, mainly tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Vandetanib and cabozantinib have been approved for the management of metastatic progressive MTC. Two novel, highly selective RET inhibitors, selpercatinib and pralsetinib, have recently been approved for the treatment of RET-mutant MTCs and RET-fusion differentiated thyroid cancer. The administration of targeted therapies in MTC patients has changed the therapeutic strategies; however, in the majority of cases, there are no real data showing an improvement of prognosis by TKIs in MTC. Drug resistance remains the main reason for treatment failure. Thus, the understanding of the molecular landscape of tumorigenesis and the mechanisms underlying resistance to targeted therapies is of paramount importance for the further development of more efficient therapies for MTC. The present review focuses on the molecular pathways implicated in MTC tumorigenesis, the approved targeted therapies, the tumoral escape mechanisms, as well as the future perspectives for targeted therapy.
Efectos de las dinámicas del ingreso laboral departamental sobre el acceso al Sistema Privado de Administración De Pensiones
Authors: Saldaña Pacheco Luis Arnaldo , Saldaña Pacheco Raphael Angel , Sánchez Barraza Bernardo Javier
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Determinar el efecto que tiene la dinámica de los ingresos laborales a nivel departamental en el Perú sobre la afiliación al Sistema Privado de Administración de Pensiones (SPP), en el periodo 2004-2021. Método: Se utilizó un modelo de datos de panel con efectos fijos para estimar el efecto que tiene la dinámica de los ingresos laborales durante el periodo 2004-2021, entendido como la proporción de la Población Económicamente Activa Ocupada (PEAO) que tiene ingresos laborales dependientes por encima de la Remuneración Mínima Vital (RMV), sobre un indicador de acceso como la afiliación al SPP referido al porcentaje de la PEAO que se encuentra afiliado a dicho sistema. Resultados: Se observa que existe una dinámica diferenciada tanto en el ritmo de afiliación al SPP como en el crecimiento del ingreso laboral, y el ingreso laboral dependiente entre los departamentos. Asimismo, se determinó un efecto positivo y estadísticamente significativo de la proporción de la PEAO que cuenta con ingresos laborales dependientes por encima de la RMV sobre el porcentaje de afiliación al SPP. Conclusión: Los departamentos cuya población cuenta con mayor proporción de ingresos laborales dependientes por encima de la RMV tienen mayor acceso al SPP, entendido como un nivel más alto de afiliación como parte de la PEAO.
Efecto de sustancias farmacológicas y homeopáticas sobre Trichodina sp en larvas de tilapia roja Oreochromis sp en cultivo
Authors: Serna-Ardila Mariana , Londoño-Maya María Daniela , Arias-Monsalve Clara Susana , Londoño-Franco Luis Fernando , Pineda Santis Hermes Rafael
Published: July 2022

Los parásitos son uno de los mayores problemas que afectan la salud de los peces, siendo Trichodina sp el de mayor frecuencia en las primeras etapas de vida de la tilapia roja Oreochromis sp. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia de las sustancias farmacológicas y homeopáticas en el control de Trichodina sp en larvas de tilapia roja en el Centro Experimental Piscícola (Antioquia, Colombia). Se utilizaron 300 larvas de tilapia roja en fase de reversión (80 observaciones/larva), distribuidas en 15 acuarios, cada uno con un volumen efectivo de 63 L. A las 0 y 48 horas se aplicaron dos sustancias homeopáticas (ajo [Allium sativum] y jengibre [Zingiber officinale], 5 mg/L cada uno) y dos sustancias farmacológicas (metronidazol y albendazol, 10 mg/L cada uno) y un grupo control. Las larvas fueron sedadas y se les contó el número de Trichodina sp a las 0, 48 y 72 h utilizando un microscopio óptico (objetivo 4X). El uso del ajo y del metronidazol disminuyeron el número de parásitos contados de 5622 en promedio al inicio a 302 a las 72 h (p<0.05), disminuyendo el porcentaje de prevalencia de 100 a 50% y con una mortalidad de larvas de 3%. En un segundo ensayo para corroborar la eficacia de diferentes dosis, se comprobó que el ajo a 20 mg/l presentó un efecto similar a la del metronidazol a 20 mg/L, evidenciando el uso potencial del homeopático en reemplazo de sustancias farmacológicas. El albendazol causó la muerte de todas las larvas de tilapia roja.
Búsqueda de Toxoplasma gondii (Eucoccidiorida: Sarcocystidae) en roedores silvestres de la península de Yucatán, México
Authors: Torres-Castro Marco , Dib-Márquez José , Panti-May J. Alonso , Suárez-Galaz Alejandro , Noh-Pech Henry , Estrella Erendira , Moguel-Chin Wilson , Sosa-Escalante Javier , Hernández-Betancourt Silvia
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio fue detectar ADN de Toxoplasma gondii en muestras de músculo esquelético y de riñón recolectados de pequeños roedores silvestres, capturados en 10 localidades de la península de Yucatán, México (estados de Campeche, Quintana Roo y Yucatán) en 2018-2019. Se capturaron 127 roedores pertenecientes a siete especies. A todos ellos se les tomó un fragmento de músculo esquelético y de riñón para la extracción de ADN genómico. La identificación de T. gondii se realizó por medio de PCR anidada dirigida a un fragmento del gen B1 del parásito. La especie de roedor con el mayor número de individuos capturados fue Heteromys gaumeri (n=39). La PCR no identificó ADN de T. gondii en los órganos evaluados.
Ecografía mamaria en ovejas como herramienta para evaluar anomalías en la ubre y su relación con el desarrollo de la progenie
Authors: Castillo-Hernández Gabriela , Salvador-Flores Omar , Maldonado-Jáquez Jorge Alonso
Published: July 2022

Se evaluó la estructura ecográfica de la ubre en ovejas como herramienta de seguimiento a la salud mamaria y su relación con el comportamiento productivo de la progenie. Se eligieron al azar 22 hembras y sus respectivas crías. Se realizó la evaluación ecográfica y el programa Image J® 1.480 para el análisis de las imágenes. En las ubres se midió el tipo de tejido, consistencia y presencia de abscesos. En las madres se registró condición corporal (CC), edad y tipo racial y en los corderos se registró el peso al nacimiento, peso al destete y ganancia diaria de peso (GDP). La información se analizó por medio de análisis de varianza, análisis de correlación y regresión múltiple. Se encontró un efecto en la cantidad de pixeles por corte ecográfico (CE) (p<0.05), siendo la mayor cantidad de pixeles en parénquima y tejido suave. Se observó efecto de edad y tipo racial en el número de pixeles. La menor cantidad de pixeles se observó en abscesos y tejido de cisterna en comparación con el parénquima (p<0.05). Se encontró un efecto de CC cuando se consideró la consistencia (p<0.05), así como edad y tipo racial. Todas las variables en estudio fueron significativas en el modelo de regresión (p<0.05). Las variables que explican mayor variabilidad son tipo de tejido y GDP. El número de píxeles tiende a incrementar en ubres sanas. Se concluye que la ecografía en ovejas puede utilizarse como indicador de la salud mamaria con una fuerte relación en particular con la ganancia diaria de peso de los corderos.
Desarrollo morfológico del neopalio durante la etapa prenatal en alpaca (Vicugna pacos)
Authors: Roldán M. Susana , Chávez R. Alexander , Navarrete Z. Miluska , Sato S. Alberto
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir la anatomía macroscópica del neopalio en fetos de alpaca. Se utilizaron 15 fetos con edades gestacionales comprendidas entre los días 101 a 323. Se infiltró formaldehído al 10% a los cerebros mediante inyecciones en la unión frontoparietal y nasofrontal del cráneo. Se esperaron 30 días para posteriormente diseccionarlos y hacer la exposición del neopalio, tomándose fotografías in situ y ex situ de la vista dorsal, lateral, rostral, caudal y ventral. Con estas fotografías se identificaron los surcos y giros cerebrales. En orden cronológico, los surcos que se describieron fueron: Fisura Lateral, Surco Suprasilviano, Surco Endosagital, Surco Coronal, Surco Esplenial, Surco Genual, Surco Calcarino, Surco Presilviano, Surco Central, Surco Sagital, Surco Ectosagital, Surco Diagonal y Surco Ectosilviano. Asimismo, los giros: Giro Cingulado, Giro Silviano Rostral, Giro Silviano Caudal, Giro Sagital, Giro Poscentral, Giro Precentral, Giro Ectosilviano Medio, Giro Ectosilviano Caudal y Giro Ectosagital Medio. Se evidenció una asimetría entre hemisferios del mismo individuo, tanto por el largo y forma de algunos surcos y giros, como por su ubicación.
Incubación artificial de huevos de gecko de Lima (Phyllodactylus sentosus) (Reptilia, Geckonidae) mantenidos en cautiverio
Authors: Sánchez M. Vanessa , Manrique Z. Miguel , Elías P. Roberto
Published: July 2022

Phyllodactylus sentosus es un saurio endémico del Perú, que se encuentra categorizado por la Lista Roja de la IUCN y la legislación peruana (DS N°004-2014-MINAGRI) como En Peligro Crítico. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer parámetros de incubación artificial en la especie para aumentar los conocimientos de su mantenimiento en cautiverio y que contribuya con programas de conservación. Se realizó la incubación artificial de un total de cinco huevos de las puestas de tres individuos hembras grávidas de P. sentosus provenientes de vida libre mantenidos en cautiverio. Se registraron periodos de incubación entre 85 a 93 días, a temperatura promedio de 26 °C y humedad relativa entre 76 a 80%.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC MACHINES CHARACTERISTICS WITH PERMANENT MAGNETS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES AND WIND TURBINES
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Grebenikov V.V. , Pavlov V.B. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Gamaliia R.V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Popkov V.S. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science NAS of Ukraine, Krzhizhanovsky st., 3, Kyiv, 03142, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

The results of a numerical and experimental study of an electric machine with cylindrical permanent magnets are presented. It is shown that if a squirrel-cage rotor in a standard induction motor is replaced by a rotor with permanent magnets, then a significant increase in the specific power of the electric machine can be obtained. Numerical studies and analyses of the characteristics of an electric machine with tangentially magnetized neodymium and ferrite magnets in the motor mode have been carried out. It is shown that in order to ensure maximum specific characteristics for use in electric vehicles, it is necessary to take into account the driving cycle and carry out liquid cooling of the electric motor. Also, a comparison of the characteristics obtained during testing of an experimental sample in the generator mode and the characteristics obtained in the calculation models was made. It is shown that the discrepancy between the calculated and experimental dependences for several values of the rotor speed is no more than 4%. The characteristics of the electrical machines under study were calculated using the Simcenter MagNet and Simcenter MotorSolve software packages. References 7, figures 6, tables 2.
RESONANT MODES OF A LINEAR PERMANENT MAGNET VIBRATORY MOTOR
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Povitroflotsky Ave., 31, Kyiv, 03037, Ukraine, Bondar R.P.
Published: July 2022

The work considers the resonant operation modes of the linear permanent magnet vibratory motor. On the basis of electrical and mechanical equivalent circuits with lumped parameters, expressions for determining the frequencies of mechanical, electrical, energy and power resonances are obtained. The presence of two frequencies of electrical resonance (when the phases of supply voltage and motor current coincide) in a single-mass electromechanical system and four in a two-mass one is substantiated. Representing, according to the electromechanical analogy approach, the back EMF induced due to the movement of the mover by the corresponding voltage drop, expressions for equivalent mechanical impedances are obtained. The dependences of the energy characteristics of the motor (mechanical work and efficiency) on the equivalent circuit parameters are obtained. Based on the expression for the reluctance electromagnetic force, mechanical work is found and its dependence on the phase difference between displacement and current is shown. The phase difference at which the total mechanical work of the motor is maximal is determined. It is shown that the results of the analysis of resonant modes well agree with results of a numerical field study carried out on the basis of the equations of the quasi-stationary magnetic field in the time domain using the finite element method and the moving type of calculation mesh in the mover region. References 12, figures 6, tables 1.
SYNTHESIS OF MODELS OF LOCAL POWER SYSTEMS WITH DISTRIBUTED GENERATION SOURCES
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, pr. Peremohy, 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Denysiuk S.P. , Derevianko D.Н. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, pr. Peremohy, 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Bielokha H.S. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, pr. Peremohy, 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

The problems of integration of Microgrids which include DG sources and RES with centralized electric power systems are investigated in this paper. The main stages and tasks of synthesis of models of these systems are analyzed. Authors propose to create models of the synthesized systems based on game-theoretic approach which allows to take into account the interests (objective functions) of the models of both Microgrids and centralized systems. Such method allows to reflect the diverse interaction of the systems with DG sources and RES and centralized power systems. Based on the proposed method, the problem of multi-criterion optimization for models of such systems in the framework of game theory is formulated by authors. The procedure of optimization of the synthesized system model in a formalized game is proposed/ This procedure is based on the mechanisms of dynamic pricing and allows to find the most optimal solutions for the game task. References 10, figures 5.
FORECASTING OF DAILY SCHEDULES OF OVERALL ELECTRICITY IMBALANCES IPS OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Sychova V.V.
Published: July 2022

The urgency of the problem of short-term forecasting of electricity imbalances in the conditions of the modern electricity market of Ukraine is substantiated. A comparison of the results of forecasting daily graphs of electricity imbalances using autoregressive models ARIMA, VARMA and developed on their basis combined models with the influence of predicted values of generation of renewable sources. Analysis of the obtained results shows that the VARMA vector autoregression model has accurate results. References 11, figures 2, tables 2.
Deformation Effect on Proton Bubble Structure in N = 28 Isotones
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Thakur Virender , Thakur Smriti , Kumar Raj , Dhiman Shashi K
Published: July 2022

Purpose: To study the effect of nuclear deformation on proton bubble structure of N = 28 isotones and and compare it with the spherical limits. The reduction of depletion fraction due to deformation can be explained by studying the relative differences in the central densities.Methods: In this work, we have employed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov (RHB) model withdensity-dependent meson-exchange (DD-ME2) interaction and separable pairing interaction. We have performed axially constrained calculations to investigate the deformed proton bubble structure in 40Mg, 42Si, 44S, and 46Ar, isotones of N = 28 shell closure.Results: We have observed that the nuclear deformation play againsts the formation of bubble structure. In the spherical limits, the isotones of N = 28 shell closure have pronounced bubble structure with large value of depletion fraction. But, the increase in deformation leads to the disappearance of bubble structure. The internal densities in deformed nuclei are found to increase with deformation which can be related to the decrease in depletion fraction.Conclusion: By using RHB model, we have investigated the ground state and proton bubble structure of N = 28 isotones. In 44S, and 46Ar, the 2s1/21d3/2 states get inverted due to the weakning of spin-orbit strength. Due to strong dynamical correlations, arising from deformation, the central depletion of proton density is greatly affected in these isotones. The decrease in depletion fraction can be related to increase in the internal density due to deformation
Evaluation of Natural Radioactivity Levels and Exhalation rate of 222Rn and 220Rn in the Soil Samples from the Kuthiran Hills, Kerala, India
Authors: C V VISHNU , Joseph Antony
Published: July 2022

Background: Exposure to radon and its decay products is one of the important contributors of radiation doses to human population. Radon exhalation study is important for understanding the contribution of the soil towards the total radioactivity concentration found inside the dwellings.

Purpose: The aim of the present study is to investigate the radioactivity levels and radium and radon exhalation rates in soil samples collected from Kuthiran hills and nearby places in Thrissur district, Kerala state, India. On the basis of this data, radiological health hazard parameters are also evaluated.

Methods: About 18 soil samples were collected from the study location. The radium, thorium and potassium activity concentrations were analyzed by HPGe gamma ray spectrometer. The “can technique” using LR-115 type II plastic track detectors have been used for the measurement of radon exhalation rate in soil samples.

Results: The mean values of activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were 64.60 Bqkg-1, 109.03 Bqkg-1and 972.67 Bqkg-1 respectively. The mean value of radon mass exhalation rate is 9.19 mBqkg-1h-1 and thoron surface exhalation rate is and 237.9 mBqm-2s-1. The radium equivalent activity concentration of all the soil samples was below the level of 370 Bqkg-1, recommended for building materials, by OECD 1979 (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development).

Conclusions: The results show that the study area is safe, as far as the health hazard effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned. This data will be helpful in establishing new regulations and safety limits, related to the radiation dose and radon activity in Kuthiran hills.
Peer Learning and Mentorship for Neonatal Management Skills: A Cluster-Randomized Trial
Authors: Data Santorino , Mirette Dube , Cherop Moses , Bajunirwe Francis , Kyakwera Catherine , Robinson Traci , Josephine Najjuma N. , Abesiga Lenard , Namata Tamara , Brenner Jennifer L. , Singhal Nalini , Twine Margaret , Wishart Ian , McIntosh Heather , Cheng Adam
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Clinical knowledge and skills acquired during training programs like Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) and Essential Care for Every Baby (ECEB) decay within weeks or months. We assessed the effect of a peer learning intervention paired with mentorship on retention of HBB and ECEB skills, knowledge, and teamwork in 5 districts of Uganda.

METHODS

We randomized participants from 36 Ugandan health centers to control and intervention arms. Intervention participants received HBB and ECEB training, a 1 day peer learning course, peer practice scenarios for facility-based practice, and mentorship visits at 2 to 3 and 6 to 7 months. Control arm participants received HBB and ECEB training alone. We assessed clinical skills, knowledge, and teamwork immediately before and after HBB/ECEB training and at 12 months.

RESULTS

Peer learning (intervention) participants demonstrated higher HBB and ECEB skills scores at 12 months compared with control (HBB: intervention, 57.9%, control, 48.5%, P = .007; ECEB: intervention, 61.7%, control, 49.9%, P = .004). Knowledge scores decayed in both arms (intervention after course 91.1%, at 12 months 84%, P = .0001; control after course 90.9%, at 12 months 82.9%, P = .0001). This decay at 12 months was not significantly different (intervention 84%, control 82.9%, P = .24). Teamwork skills were similar in both arms immediately after training and at 12 months (intervention after course 72.9%, control after course 67.2%, P = .02; intervention at 12 months 70.7%, control at 12 months 67.9%, P = .19).

CONCLUSIONS

A peer learning intervention resulted in improved HBB and ECEB skills retention after 12 months compared with HBB and ECEB training alone.
El pasado oculto bajo la ciudad: de una cronología cultural a una interpretación social de la historia antigua entre 1000 a.C. y 1550 d.C., cuenca del río Virilla, Costa Rica
Authors: Sol R. Felipe , Rojas Myrna
Published: July 2022

Actualmente, en el Valle Central de Costa Rica se concentran más de la mitad de los habitantes del país y el crecimiento de la ciudad ha generado una gran presión sobre el patrimonio arqueológico. Gracias a esfuerzos institucionales y la legislación vigente, este proceso ha sido acompañado de un gran número de evaluaciones de impacto arqueológico y excavaciones de rescate por lo que ésta es una de las regiones más estudiadas del país. Sin embargo, estas investigaciones también tienen serias limitantes pues casi nunca se cuenta con una delimitación espacial de los sitios o una perspectiva regional que permita interpretaciones generales. Con el fin de sistematizar parte de esta información se recopilaron y generaron datos de los sitios arqueológicos en la cuenca del río Virilla. A pesar de las limitaciones particulares de la muestra, se sintetiza una amplia gama de documentos publicados e inéditos para lograr una interpretación antropológica del pasado precolombino y tener una visión más clara y objetiva sobre los cambios socio culturales a través del tiempo en una región bien delimitada.
Miofibroblastoma epiteloide de mama A propósito de un caso
Authors: Rodríguez Bolaños María Dayë , Mora Segura Esteban
Published: July 2022

El miofibroblastoma de glándula mamaria es un tipo de tumor mesenquimal benigno1, este grupo de neoplasias sólidas de la mama son infrecuentes, además de poder generar problemas diagnósticos diferenciales especialmente en biopsia por aguja2.

En esta revisión hacemos referencia a un caso de un paciente masculino con diagnóstico de Carcinoma ductal infiltrante en la biopsia por aguja gruesa con diagnóstico patológico de la pieza quirúrgica de miofibroblastoma epiteloide de mama.