bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospectİve Evaluatİon of Surgİcal Margİns İn Non-Muscle Invasİve Bladder Cancer Followİng Prİmary Transurethral Resectİon
Authors: Özsoy Çağatay , Demir Yiğit , Yılmaz Kayhan , Ölçücü Mahmut Taha , Kılıç Şahin , Ateş Mutlu
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Non-muscle invasive bladder cancers (NMIBC) constitute approximately 75% of bladder cancer cases. Primary transurethral resection (TUR) plays a pivotal role in both diagnosis and treatment. However, despite initial resection, tumors are often missed, leaving behind microscopic residual tumors. This study aims to prospectively investigate the surgical margins of tumors, which may serve as a potential source of residual tumors.
Methods: Seventy patients diagnosed with NMIBC who underwent primary TUR were enrolled in this study. Following initial resection, samples were collected from the normal-looking mucosa extending 1 cm beyond the surgical margins. Lesions were categorized as 'no tumor' for benign lesions, 'TCC' for urothelial cancer, and 'UD' for dysplasia. Clinical and pathological features of these groups were compared, and risk factors for detecting TCC in the normal-looking mucosa were analyzed.
Results: The TCC group showed a significantly higher rate of T1 stage tumors compared to the no tumor group, and a significantly higher rate of high-grade (HG) stage tumors compared to the UD group. Moreover, the TCC group had a significantly higher proportion of high-risk patients (85.7%) compared to the other groups, while the no tumor group had a significantly higher proportion of low-risk patients (35.3%) compared to the TCC group (0.0%). Additionally, the TCC group demonstrated a significantly higher rate of carcinoma in situ (CIS) compared to the no tumor group (35.7% vs. 5.9%). TCC formation was associated with T1 stage, HG stage, and the presence of CIS based on univariate analyses.
Conclusion: To minimize residual tumors and prevent recurrence in patients undergoing primary TUR, we advocate for resection of macroscopically visible tumors with at least 2 cm of intact bladder mucosa, thereby enhancing the quality of TUR.
Frequency of exposure to Toxoplasma gondii in COVID-19 patients. a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: León-Figueroa Darwin A. , Barboza Joshuan J. , Siddiq Abdelmonem , Aguirre-Milachay Edwin , Quispe-Vicuña Carlos , Sah Ranjit , Valladares-Garrido Mario J. , Adhikari Suraj , Bonilla-Aldana D. Katterine , Ricardo-Martínez Alex , Morales-Ramos Jorge Guillermo , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: March 2024

Background
Toxoplasmosis is a chronic protozoan parasitic infection that affects nearly one-third of the global population. During the COVID-19 pandemic, cases were observed in patients with COVID-19 and toxoplasmosis. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the frequency of Toxoplasma gondii exposure in patients with COVID-19.
Methods
A literature search was conducted in six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) until March 3, 2024. Study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction were performed independently by three investigators. Statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.3, applying a random-effects model. The quality of the included observational studies was assessed using the "JBI-MAStARI".
Results
A total of 5,936 studies were retrieved, 13 of which were included in the final meta-analysis. The sample included a total of 2,947 patients with COVID-19 from four countries, of whom approximately 43.26% were men and 49.41% were women. Among the patients, 1,323 showed evidence of exposure to T. gondii through IgG detection, while 1,302 COVID-19 patients were specifically examined for the presence of T. gondii by IgM detection, and 36 positive cases were identified. The frequency of exposure to T. gondii, determined by the presence of IgG in patients with COVID-19, reached 49% (95% CI: 34-63%; 2,947 participants; 13 studies; I2 = 98%, p < 0.01). In addition, the frequency of exposure to T. gondii, evaluated by IgM presence in patients with COVID-19, was 2% (95% CI: 0-6%; 1,302 participants; 6 studies; I2 = 94%, p < 0.01).
Conclusion
It was shown that almost half of COVID-19 patients had previous exposure to T. gondii through the presence of IgG, and a small percentage, 2%, showed active infection through IgM detection.
Can Route Optimization Enhance the Travel Efficiency of Social Work Faculty Field Liaisons?
Authors: Kodwo-Nyameazea Yale
Published: March 2024

Social work field education comprises a field seminar and an agency field practicum under the supervision of field instructors. Field students and instructors are guided and supported by field faculty liaisons during their field practicum experience. This study used a GIS-supported route optimization/VRP tool to simulate the most cost-efficient way for field liaisons to visit field students and instructors at field practicum sites. The study showed that cumulative travel efficiency improved substantially when the VRP tool allocated field students to field liaisons and preplanned their field visit routes. The simulations revealed that approximately one-quarter of the current practicum site visits were redundant and that only approximately half of the time and distance liaisons currently travel was necessary. Social work programs should consider using route optimization tools to allocate their field students to field liaisons to take advantage of their benefits. Social work programs interested in route optimization can use open-source routing and navigation software applications that can be installed and used for free. They may also collaborate with and access the expertise and resources of academic departments at their universities and colleges that use GIS as part of their curriculum.
Creativity in Economics Education: An Interdisciplinary Experiment with Drawing.
Authors: Bizoi Alexandra Codruta , Bizoi Cristian Gabriel
Published: March 2024

Based on Betty Edwards's right-brain drawing methods, this study explored the impact of creative drawing exercises on enhancing cognitive and creative abilities in economics students. Ninety bachelor's and master's students of various nationalities participated in a drawing exercise, followed by a reflection session discussing their experiences and the drawings' significance. The study used a qualitative approach to analyze these experiences and insights. Results showed a marked increase in students' confidence in their creative abilities. Participants reported a refreshed understanding of economic concepts. They overwhelmingly favored the integration of more creative exercises into their economics education, highlighting a beneficial balance between analytical rigor and creative exploration. These findings suggest that combining analytical and artistic techniques in economics pedagogy significantly enhances learning and prepares students for innovative thinking. The promising results encourage further research on the long-term effects of such creative interventions on academic performance and problem-solving in complex economic contexts.
JEL codes
I21, Z11, D91, I20
The false alarms and ‘non-impacting’ discharges from event duration monitors (EDM) by a UK water company
Authors: Ford Alex , Boakes Rich , Richardson James , Owens Mike
Published: March 2024

Sewage discharges to aquatic environments present a real danger to human and ecosystem health. Event duration monitors (EDMs) from combined stormwater overflows (CSOs) are now fitted to over 90% of storm overflows in England and Wales. These have transformed our understanding of consented and non-consented discharges of sewage and wastewater from UK water companies. In 2018, Southern Water Services Ltd launched “Beachbuoy” which is an online ‘near’ real-time platform to inform customers when EDMs have been activated at particular CSOs and bathing water sites. Since April 2022, this water company categoried CSO discharges as genuine, genuine but non-impacting, and not genuine (false alarms by EDMs). We analyzed Beachbuoy data to provide an overview of CSO discharges and EDM activity and performance in the region. Across all assets, between December 2020 and February 2023 there were 7,164,656 genuine (impacting and non-impacting) minutes of discharges of which 19% overall were regarded as non-impacting of bathing water locations. Non-impacting discharges from all assets often persisted beyond multiple tidal cycles suggesting the impacts on bathing waters may need to be reevaluated. Discharges classed as ‘not genuine’ (false alarms) were highly variable between CSO for which some recorded false discharges 100% of the time. There were very strong correlations between the triggering of genuine and not genuine discharges and time of the day. Overall, 39% of all total minutes discharged and 14% if discharge events were classified as not genuine. Sewage releases from CSOs were more likely to happen between 7-10 am indicating that earlier morning patterns in human behaviours are substantially impacting the infrastructure's ability to tackle increased capacity in the system through precipitation. We discuss the appropriateness of classifying sewage discharges as ‘non-impacted’ and whether data should also be obtained on false negative discharges (EDMs not activating) as well as false positive discharges (not genuine). We call for better regulation of how this information is presented to the public.
Silicon Photonic Microresonator-Based High-Resolution Line-by-Line Pulse Shaping
Authors: Cohen Lucas , Wu Kaiyi , Myilswamy Karthik , Fatema Saleha , Lingaraju Navin , Weiner Andrew
Published: March 2024

Optical pulse shaping stands as a formidable technique in ultrafast optics, radio-frequency photonics, and quantum communications. While existing systems rely on bulk optics or integrated platforms with planar waveguide sections for spatial dispersion, they face limitations in achieving
finer (few-or sub-GHz) spectrum control. These methods either demand considerable space or suffer from pronounced phase errors and optical losses when assembled to achieve fine resolution. Addressing these challenges, we present a foundry-fabricated
six-channel silicon photonic shaper using microresonator
filter banks with inline phase control and high spectral resolution. Leveraging existing comb-based spectroscopic techniques, we devise a novel system to mitigate thermal crosstalk and enable the versatile use of our on-chip shaper. Our results demonstrate the shaper’s ability to phase-compensate six
comb lines at tunable channel spacings of 3, 4, and 5 GHz. Specifically, at a 3 GHz channel spacing, we showcase the generation of arbitrary waveforms in the time domain. This scalable design and control scheme holds promise in meeting future demands for high-precision spectral shaping capabilities.
URANS simulation and experimental validation of axial flow-induced vibrations on a blunt-end cantilever rod for nuclear applications
Authors: Pauzi Anas Muhamad , Iacovides Hector , Cioncolini Andrea , Li Hao , Nabawy Mostafa R. A.
Published: March 2024

Fretting wear caused by flow-induced vibration is a leading cause of fuel failure in light water nuclear reactors. This study describes a numerical methodology, validated with dedicated experiments, for predicting flow-induced vibrations in cantilever rods exposed to axial water flow, a paradigmatic configuration informative for fuel rods in water-cooled nuclear reactor cores. Utilising strong two-way fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations with an efficient computational approach, the study focuses on two key aspects of self-excited FIV: the dominant vibration frequency and the amplitude of the vibration. The former depends on optimising the solid domain and FSI coupling, while the latter hinges on the fluid solver’s ability to accurately replicate unsteady flow behaviour, especially in areas of flow separation. Various URANS turbulence models and divergence numerical schemes were evaluated for their capacity to reproduce the correct unsteady flow behaviour. When the axial flow is directed from the free-end to the fixed-end of the rod, both the Eddy Viscosity Model (EVM) k-ω SST and the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) by Launder, Reece, and Rodi (LRR) reliably predicted the frequency and amplitude of vibrations for a Reynolds number range between 16.4k and 61.7k. When the axial flow is directed from the fixed end to the free end of the rod, while vibrations frequencies were accurately modelled, replicating precise unsteady flow behaviour proved more challenging. The study underscores the importance of properly resolving the flow in areas of flow separation to achieve accurate unsteady flow behaviour.
The formation of bixbyite-type Mn2O3 via pyocyanin-dependent Mn(II) oxidation of soil-derived Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Xue Lan , Liao Fengfeng , Tang Fengzhen , Chen Sha , Hu Mingzhen , Qiao Liying , Guo Yueshuai , Sun Huatao , Li Ding
Published: March 2024

Bacterial Mn(II) oxidation is believed to play a dominant role in accelerating the rate of Mn biomineralization in nature. Commonly, bacteria adopt two ways concerning Mn(II) oxidases and reactive oxygen species to oxidize Mn(II). In this study, a new strategy for bacterial Mn(II) oxidation involving the pyocyanin, a greenish blue phenazine pigment from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was discovered. To begin with, a bacterial strain L3 was isolate from soils and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which exhibited the ability of Mn(II) oxidation. Next, the pyocyanin was purified from strain L3 cultures and proven to be involved in Mn(II) oxidation. Particularly, the oxidation of Mn(II) by pyocyanin was dependent on its ambient pH. In comparison with pH of 5 and 7, pyocyanin (the initial value of OD387 was 0.56 at pH 2) showed a stronger capability of oxidizing Mn(II) at pH of 9, reaching 144.03 µg L− 1 of Mn oxides after 108 h of Mn(II) oxidation, while pyocyanin ultimately produced 43.81 µg L− 1 at pH of 7 and 3.32 µg L− 1 at pH of 5, respectively. Further, strain L3 cultures were fractionated into three parts, i.e., the cell culture solution, fermentation supernatant, and cell suspension, and the Mn(II)-oxidizing activity was found to be distributed in the cell culture solution and fermentation supernatant, as evidenced by the formation of blackish glossy Mn oxides. Specifically, in the first half, the rate of Mn(II) oxidation by the fermentation supernatant was higher than that by the cell culture solution, whereas in the second half, the cell culture solution showed the much higher Mn(II)-oxidizing activity than did the fermentation supernatant. Last but not least, the collective results from mineral characterization demonstrated that, the Mn oxides produced by P. aeruginosa strain L3, either by the cell culture solution or by the fermentation supernatant, were bixbyite-type Mn2O3 with poor crystallinity.
Informality and energy efficiency in Africa: Evidence from symmetric and asymmetric (nonlinear) panel ARDL cointegration approaches
Authors: Okwoche Princewill , Scasny Milan , Karimu Amin
Published: March 2024

Energy efficiency is a key component of sustainable and inclusive growth for African countries. However, the informal economy which is prevalent in Africa, affects the continent’s energy efficiency performance. This study therefore investigates the asymmetry in the nexus between the informal economy and energy efficiency. The study employs data on 46 African countries spanning 1990-2017. To measure energy efficiency, the study estimates an energy distance function using Stochastic Frontier Analysis instead of the commonly used energy intensity measure in previous studies. The symmetric and asymmetric panel auto-regressive distributed lag (PARDL) models and the Panel Quantile Regression methods are used to examine the nexus with emphasis given to the asymmetric effects. First, we find considerable variability in energy efficiency performance in African countries. We also find a declining trend in efficiency scores. The results point to a large scope for energy efficiency improvements, showing that the elimination of all types of energy inefficiencies could realise energy savings of up to 58%. Second, the asymmetric PARDL regressions show a decline in energy efficiency performance in response to a positive shock that increases the size of the informal economy and an increase in performance in response to a negative shock that shrinks the size of the sector. Third, we find a positive association between technical innovation and an effect of foreign direct investment on energy efficiency that varies with the method of estimation. Among other things, the study recommends a policy focus aimed at incentivising businesses to formalize operations. JEL classification: Q43, Q48, O17, O13
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Aroma Therapy on Sleep Quality Among Elderly at Selected Old Age Home, Meerut
Authors: Sujata
Published: March 2024

Statement of the Problem: A study to evaluate the effectiveness of aroma therapy on sleep quality among elderly at selected old age home, Meerut.
Objectives: 1- To assess the sleep quality in the experimental and control group.
2- To evaluate the effectiveness of aroma therapy on sleep quality in experimental group.
3- To compare the post-test score on sleep quality in experimental and control group.
4- To find out the association between the pre-test score on sleep quality with their selected demographic variables.
Methods: A quasi experimental study was conducted on 60 old age people, 30 in experimental group and 30 in control group selected by purposive sampling technique having kept the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Demographic variables were used to collect the data applying one group pre-test and post-test design. The tools used for this study was Standardized the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale for assessing the level of sleep quality in old age people and its demographic variables.
Results: Finding of the study reveals that aromatherapy was effective to increase the level of sleep quality among elderly in experimental group in pre test results shows that majority of samples 26(87%) had poor sleep, and 4 (13%) had good sleep. In post-test data represented that majority of samples 27(90%) had good sleep and 03 (10%) had poor sleep.
Conclusion: The results and findings of this study shows that aromatherapy is very effective and significant to increase the level of sleep quality among elderly admitted in selected old age home, Meerut.
A Systematic PRISMA Literature Survey on Renewable Energy Spatial Modelling and Proposed Advanced Statistical GIS-based Kth Order Queen Contiguity Methodology for Sustainable Development: Target Implementation to African Countries' Clustering
Authors: Gwani Alhaji Abdullahi , Sek Siok Kun , Gwani Alhaji Abdullahi
Published: March 2024

As the world's population grows, so does human activity and industry, and Africa's principal source of energy is fossil fuel. These energy sources are toxic and polluting to our environment (Climate Change, food scarcity, and poverty), as well as to animals and plant life. There was widespread concern about the energy sector's economic, environmental, and social alternatives for mitigating these consequences on a worldwide scale. As a result, the world faces a huge challenge in overcoming them by progressively shifting away from fossil fuels and toward a cleaner, healthier source of energy known as Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Africa is rich in natural and mineral resources, and it is one of the world's greatest producers of primary energy. We used Scopus databases to conduct a thorough examination of numerous earlier studies of GIS-based spatial modelling on renewable energy around the world to understand how GIS-based spatial modelling can help. The findings found that there are greater gaps in the field; there are 28 documents worldwide, with Germany having the most publications, while African countries have none. Although only 3.3 percent of the extracted documents are from the field of mathematics and 3.3 percent from Computer Science, many of the models originated from Mathematical Sciences, such as Computer Science, statistics, or mathematics, this is a multidisciplinary area where research from various fields contributed to the development of this field. We Proposed GIS-based Clustering Methodology for African Countries Renewable Energy Consumptions and Production that can give more insight on African energy situations. Recommendations for exaltation were offered in especially for Africa as well as researchers in the field of mathematical sciences, environmental sciences and technology and other related areas.
Factors affecting the intention of healthcare workers and students to receive COVID-19 booster dose vaccination: a systematic review
Authors: Zioga Stavroula , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Kitsaki Maria , Moisoglou Ioannis , Gallos Parisis , Kolisiati Antigoni , Galanis Petros
Published: March 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented health, social and economic crisis worldwide, as the SARS-CoV-2 virus has managed to cause a major threat with significant morbidity and mortality in certain population groups. The risk of the virus is exacerbated by its easy transmission and continued spread, despite multilevel interventions, extensive containment measures and vaccination. Vaccine hesitancy refers to a person’s reluctance, delay in accepting or even refusing to be vaccinated despite available vaccination services.
Objective
To investigate the factors that influence health professionals and students of health sciences to accept, or not, a booster dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. Sub-objectives were to assess vaccine hesitancy, and specifically those of booster doses, and the presentation of views and attitudes in the above population groups.
Methods
The relevant bibliography was searched electronically in scientific databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus until August 2023. The main selection criteria were mainly descriptive studies, published in English and Greek. The subjects were human over 18 years old. The time frame of this search was the last four years.
Results
From the results of the systematic review, it was shown that many different factors influence the intention of both healthcare workers and students, as well as those in the general population, to accept a COVID-19 booster dose vaccine. At the same time, the health professionals and students of different countries and continents -that were studied- present diverse socio-demographic characteristics that influence their willingness, or not, to be vaccinated.
Conclusions
COVID-19 booster doses offer further immunity and reduce severe impacts of the disease, such as hospitalization and death. Since health professionals play a critical role in shaping local communities’ attitudes towards vaccines, their beliefs and attitudes play a crucial role. For this reason, it is recommended both training students and healthcare workers via competent institutions, as well as to mobilize and sensitize them, in order to base their attitudes on evidence-based practice. As new technologies and policies are built around COVID-19 vaccines, ongoing testing of their effectiveness, and updated guidelines according to the population group are proven vital to the impact of the disease. Further future studies are necessary.
Philosophical Thinking In The Search For The Existence Of A God
Authors: Noviansah Ahmad
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this paper discusses the thought of philosophy in seeking the existence of God. So God in human view is very interesting in terms of existence and existence, the reason of man is not able to find and show the presence of human rationally. So that the notoriousness of God from the realm of rational and sought after the existence of it, he bore many major religions in the world, all religions believe that one God is strongest. Then the pilots arose, and the existence of the Lord, that was: 1. Saint Augustine who believed that God was by looking at the history of the drama of Creation, 2. Thomas Aquinas, He combined the thought of Aristotle with Christian Revelation. The truth of faith and the perceived religious experience are able to understand God, 3. Descartes He thought of the Lord commencing from his main principle which is “a combination of Catholic and scientific Pietism”, 4. Immanuel Kant with his methods in seeking the existence of God with his moral law, 5. Alfred North Whitehead He used religious dogma adopted by humans and then sought the truth of the religion from whom.

Keywords: Philosophy of Deity, human reason for God, theism as the concept of deity.

Abstrak

Didalam tulisan ini membahas tentang pemikiran filsafat dalam mencari eksistensi Tuhan. Jadi Tuhan dalam pandangan manusia merupakan hal yang sangat menarik diketahui keberadaanya dan eksistensinya, nalar manusia tidak mampu menemukan dan menunjukan keberadaan manusia secara rasioanal. Sehingga kemsiteriusan Tuhan dari alam rasional ditalar dan dicari eksistensinya olehkarnya ia melahirkan banyak agama-agama besar didunia, semua agama meyakini bahwa satu Tuhan terkuat. Lalu timbullah para filosof yang memikirakan eksistensi Tuhan yaitu: 1.Santo Agustinus yang percaya bahwa Tuhan ada dengan melihat sejarah dari drama penciptaan, 2.Thomas Aquinas dia menggabungka pemikiran Aristoteles dengan Wahyu Kristen. Kebenaran iman dan pengalaman keagamaan yang dirasakan mampu memahami Tuhan, 3.Descartes dia memikirkan Tuhan bermula dari prinsip utamanya yang merupakan “gabungan antara peitisme Katolik dan sains”, 4.Immanuel Kant dengan metodenya dalam mencari eksistensi Tuhan yaitu dengan hukum moralnya, 5.Alferd North Whitehed dia menggunakan dogma-dogma agama yang dianut oleh manusia lalu mencari kebenarannya agama tersebut dari siapa.

Kata Kunci : Filsafat Ketuhanan, Alasan Manusia Menalar Tuhan, Teisme Sebagai Konsep Ketuhanan.
Laduni Science On Muhammad Luthfi Ghozali’s Perspective
Authors: Fatoni Muhamad , Naim Ngainun
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This article examines the science of laduni and how to acquire it. Laduni science is generally perceived as a supernatural science that cannot be obtained aside from by few individuals. This knowledge is often associated with things that happen abruptly without any preceding process. Muhammad Lutfi Ghozali disproved this assumption by proposing logical, rational arguments and sticking to the naṣ of the Qur'an and Hadith. Muhammad Luthfi Ghozali explained that laduni science has an analytical mechanism. Those who understand the substance of laduni science and construct causal mechanisms will be achievable to acquire this knowledge. The thought of Muhammad Lutfi Ghozali places a comprehension of laduni science that seems mystical and irrational.

Keywords: laduni science, Muhammad Luthfi Ghozali, rational, mystical

Abstrak

Artikel ini membahas tentang ilmu laduni dan cara-cara mendapatkannya. Ilmu laduni umumnya dipahami sebagai ilmu mistik yang tidak mungkin diperoleh kecuali oleh sebagian kecil orang. Ilmu ini kerapkali dihubungkan dengan hal yang terjadi secara tiba-tiba tanpa adanya proses yang mendahuluinya. Muhammad Luthfi Ghozali membantah anggapan tersebut dengan mengajukan argumentasi logis, rasional serta tetap berpegang pada naṣ Al-Qur’an dan hadits. Muhammad Luthfi Ghozali menjelaskan bahwa ilmu laduni memiliki mekanisme rasional. Mereka yang memahami substansi ilmu laduni dan membangun mekanisme sebab akan mungkin untuk mendapatkan ilmu ini. Pemikiran Muhammad Luthfi Ghozali ini mendudukkan pemahaman tentang ilmu laduni yang seolah mistik dan tidak rasional.

Kata kunci: ilmu laduni, Muhammad Luthfi Ghozali, rasional, mistik.
Muslim Religious Behavior in Facing Pandemic
Authors: Fatah Abdul
Published: March 2024

This paper analyzes comprehensively how the pattern of Muslim religious behavior in dealing with pandemics such as smallpox, cholera, SARS, Ebola, Covid-19, monkeypox and so on. The method used is thematic maudhu'i by collecting the words bala' and tha'un in the hadith. The results of this study produce the concept of religious behavior for Muslims based on the hadith of the prophet Muhammad SAW to deal with the pandemic. The results of the study are as follows: In facing trials in the form of pandemic such as Covid-19 that still persists in the soceity is by patient, namely patient in action in the form of vaccines and application of health protocols then patient in attitude that is surrender and sincerity towards trials and leave everything to Allah SWT. (al-Baqarah/2:155) The Prophet gave good news to those who are patient in facing the pandemic, if they die, they will be rewarded with martyrdom (Sahih Bukhri: 2.618). Muslims must maintain a clean and healthy environment to increase immunity so that they are not easily attacked or contracted by disease. (Sahih Bukhari:1.747) Regional quarantine or lockdown has been taught by the Prophet as an effort to stop the spread of the pandemic (Sahih Bukhari:3.214) after trying hard physically, then praying for protection from Allah SWT from all kinds of bad trials (Sahih Bukhari 5871), Sunan Abu Dawud: 1329).
Da'wah Through Nasyid to The Millennial Generation (Figure Study of Da’wah of Alfina Nindiyani)
Authors: Santoso Bobby Rachman , Habiburrahman Mardiyah
Published: March 2024

Da’wah is an effort to invite people to a fitrah. Today da’wah is increasingly diverse in its style. Social media is one of the alternatives for millennial da’wah expansion. Nasyid is one of the media for preaching through poetry. The development of nasyid over time has increasingly changed its style significantly. Currently nasyid, also has relatively large competitiveness in the world of da’wah, especially towards millennials. Alfina Nindiyani ioneon of the murshid who preaches through poetry with its distinctive features and optimization in its presentation so that it can have implications for honey. Researchers in this case use the descriptive qualitative method. This study’s results reveal the role of nasyid in da’wah, the process of the da’wah, and the implication of Alfina Nindiyani’s trough nasyid. It is appropriate that the various kinds of da’wah are presented properly while still looking at the context of their da’wah partners. As a da’i, he must be smart to see and analyze the target of da’wah to achieve success and prosperity.
Anti-Arthritis Effect of Ethanol Extract of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) Leaves Against Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Model in Mice
Authors: Thi Phuong Nhung Tran  , Thi-Trang Nguyen  , Gia-Buu Tran
Published: March 2024

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) is a well-known oleaginous plant used as food source and traditional medicine by indigenous people for a long time. This study was conducted to evaluate anti-arthritis effect of ethanol extract of Sacha inchi leaves and provide scientific evidence to develop the new anti-arthritis remedy from Sacha inchi. Rheumatoid arthritis model was established by injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant into right hind footpads of mice and three doses of ethanol extract of Sacha inchi leaves (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight) were used for treatment. The severity of arthritis was evaluated by measuring the ankle diameter and arthritic score, hematological and biochemical parameters (erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and rheumatoid factor). The pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-?, INF-?, IL-1?, IL-6, and IL-10) and the histology change of joint were also examined. All three doses of extracts significantly alleviated ankle diameter and arthritic score. Furthermore, the extracts could ameliorate the alternation of inflammatory cytokines as well histological features of CFA-induced mice. The efficacy of extract dose of 300 mg/kg body weight is comparable with reference drug (Mobic, 0.2 mg/ kg body weight). This study indicates Sacha inchi leaf extract as the promising remedy for treatment of arthritis.
USING OF CUPPING TECHNIQUE AS A THERAPEUTIC MODEL IN TREATMENT OF NON-DISCOGENIC LOW BACK PAIN
Authors:   Specialist (A) Doctor Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Physiotherapy and Sports Medicine Center, RAK, UAE., Mohamed Ahmed Almarakby Al-Sayed
Published: March 2024

Background: Cupping therapy is one of the traditional medical technologies practiced for thousands of years. it might have some additional benefits on early rehabilitation for post-stroke complications. Aim of the work: to examine if the use of cupping technique as a therapeutic model in treatment of discogenic low back pain has a significant impact or not. Methodology: 60 Patients divided into two equal groups were participated in this study: Group 1 treated by conventional post-stroke therapy and Group 2 treated by wet cupping in addition to conventional post-stroke therapy. The national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) index was sed as patients assessment tool for neurologic deficit evaluation motor functions is assessed by the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) scale, the healing process depended on the bedside swallowing assessment (BSA). For cognitive function, the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) have been used, and any undesirable effect of wet cupping were noted for safety evaluation. Results: Better results have been documented with wet cupping therapy. Statistically significant improvement in pain reduction for both techniques of cupping (dry & wet) when compared to conventional medical therapy without augmentation with cupping therapy. Conclusion:Significant Effect of Hijama (Wet cupping) in post-stroke rehabilitation.
The Effect of Fasting on QT Interval
Authors: AKRAM M , NISA M U , SHAFIQ M , BUTT W T , TARIQ S , SAMAD A , SAAD S
Published: March 2024

Introduction: QT interval reflects the total duration of ventricular depolarization and repolarization in the ECG. Experimental hypoglycaemia and spontaneous clinical episodes of hypoglycaemia lead to the lengthening of the heart rate corrected QT interval or QTc. This is associated with elevated risk of sudden death. Objective: To find out the effect of fasting blood glucose levels on QT interval and the Corrected QT interval (QTc). Materials and Methods: Fasting and post prandial blood glucose levels and ECG of healthy young adults were studied and QT interval, RR interval and QTc were determined. Results: The fasting QTc came out to be 0.408+-0.020 as compared to the post prandial value of 0.380+-0.019. The student’s t test showed a highly significant value (p
Particle separator with vortex claw: an efficient and new technology
Authors: He Cheng , Chittibabu Padala , Nguyen David , Rochfort Quintin
Published: March 2024

Despite facing many challenges, the exploration of using natural forces and mechanisms besides gravity to enhance particle settling has never ceased. A novel particle separator design, which utilizes multiple vortexes to enhance particle settling, was proposed in this study. The basic principle is using the fluid's energy to generate small swirling currents in a specially designed vortex claw generator. These currents bring suspended particles from the rapid and turbulent inflow to relatively quiet water regions, separating them from the main flows and reducing their travel distance to the wall. To verify the new separator design's performance, comparison studies were carried out in the laboratory using physical models. The results showed that the new design had much higher particle capture rates for the same inflow rates and tested particle sizes. Most importantly, it was able to effectively remove small particles, and particle capture rates were much less affected by fluctuations in inflow rates. Since most existing particle separators failed to perform well under large inflow rates, these characteristics make the new design stand out from other separators. Due to its special structure, its treatment capacity can also be easily increased without changing its horizontal separator size.
Innovative porous mortar filters: wastewater purification for clean water
Authors: Olii Muhammad Ramdhan , Hambali Roby , Djafar Lisa , Ichsan Ilyas , Saliko Maxidin
Published: March 2024

Water scarcity is a major global challenge that affects both developed and developing countries, with Indonesia serving as a prime example. Indonesia's archipelagic nature, combined with its dense population, exacerbates the severity of water scarcity. The increased population density in these areas raises the demand for water resources, putting a strain on the available supply. The purpose of this research was to create porous mortar filters (PMFs) with different ratios (1:4, 1:5, and 1:6) by incorporating 10, 15, and 20% adsorbent material by weight of fine aggregate. The research was carried out in three stages: determining PMF properties, preparing synthetic wastewater, and assessing treatment effectiveness. Various PMF compositions consistently achieved notable success, with reductions in total dissolved solids and turbidity exceeding 25 and 75%, respectively. The PMF performed admirably in eliminating bacterial concentrations, achieving a 100% removal rate, and was critical in efficiently reducing metals, with compositions achieving over 80% reduction for manganese (Mn) and 38% reduction for iron (Fe). PMF emerges as a practical solution as a cost-effective and simple water treatment technology, particularly suitable for areas with limited technological infrastructure and resources, providing accessible water treatment for communities facing challenges in this regard.
Highlights on Fluorine-containing Drugs Approved by U.S. FDA in 2023
Authors: Ali Saghir , Bolinger Andrew A. , Zhou Jia
Published: March 2024

Fluorine continues to show its potential applications in drug discovery and development,
as reflected by twelve drugs being fluorinated out of the fifty-five approved by the FDA in
2023. This concise review highlights the discovery of each of these fluorine-containing drugs in
the past year, including its brand name, date of approval, composition, sponsors, indication, and
mechanism of action. The relevant future trend is also briefly discussed.
Prevalence and Pattern of Dietary Supplement Use in Bodybuilding Athletes
Authors: Baharirad Nadya , Naghipour Armin , Soroush Ali , Naghibifar Zahra , Abdollahzad Hadi , Kordloo Yashar , Nouri Roghayeh , Daryoushi Hooman
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Using sports supplements is a common strategy for improving athletic
performance. The prevalence of using sports supplements among adolescent and young athletes
has been increasing in recent years.

Methods:

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 200 bodybuilding athletes. The data
collection tool was a pre-made questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among the athletes
by available methods and collected after filling out. The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test,
and logistic regression model were used to analyze the data.

Results:

The prevalence of using sports supplements was 62.5% (n=125), with males accounting
for 67.5% (n=135) of the consumers. Various forms of proteins (43.5%, n=87), vitamins (40.5%,
n=81), and hormones (38.5%, n=77) were the most commonly recommended supplements by the
coaches (58.4%, n=73) and other athletes (31.2%, n=9). The sports supplements have been considered
to have no side effects by 16.8% (n=21) of the athletes; however, 19.2% (n=24) mentioned
cardiac adverse events, and 13.6% (n=17) pointed to renal complications as potential consequences
of supplement use. The results of statistical tests and a logistic regression model showed
a statistically significant relationship between sex, age, education and income, and sports supplement
use (p=0.001).

Conclusion:

According to the results of this current study, a significant proportion of bodybuilding
athletes take sports supplements without being aware of the side effects. Therefore, it is necessary
to develop an educational program to inform the population about the mechanism of action of
supplements in the body and also educate athletes and coaches about the correct use, side effects,
and irreversible consequences of improper supplements use.
Comparison of Omicron and Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic
Review of Current Evidence
Authors: SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Afsahi Amir Masoud , Mirzapour Pegah , Afzalian Arian , Shahidi Ramin , Dashti Mohsen , Ghasemzadeh Afsaneh , Paranjkhoo Parinaz , Parsaei Zahra , Pashaei Ava , Mohammadi Parsa , Najafi Mohammad Sadeq , Mahrokhi Sona , Matini Parisa , Moradi Ali , Karimi Amirali , Afroughi Solaiman , Mehraeen Esmaeil , Dadras Omid
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. In early 2020, the disease spread rapidly around the world. Since the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved dramatically into a wide variety of variants endowed with devastating properties. As of March 6, 2022, five SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron strains have been identified. Due to the crucial importance of understanding the differences between the Omicron and Delta variants, this systematic review was conducted.

Methods:

This systematic review investigated new variants of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 based on cur-rent studies. Online databases were searched for English articles as of January 03, 2023. Selection of publications was a two-step process of title/abstract and full-text assessment against eligibility crite-ria. The relevant data from the included articles were systematically collected and organized in a designed table for analysis. To ensure the quality of the review, the PRISMA checklist and Newcas-tle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) of quality assessment were utilized.

Results:

The data extracted from 58 articles were analyzed, including 10003 pieces of evidence. Lower risk of hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality after vaccination were reported in the Omicron variant compared to the Delta variant. Additionally, the Delta variant led to more severe clinical symptoms in comparison to the Omicron variant.

Conclusion:

The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 results in less severe disease outcomes as com-pared to Delta. Nevertheless, it remains crucial to maintain ongoing monitoring, implement contain-ment measures, and adapt vaccination protocols to effectively address the evolving variants.
Comparison of Pressure-based and Skin Friction-based Methods for the
Determination of Flow Separation of a Circular Cylinder with Roundness
Imperfection
Authors: Wang Ran , Cheng Shaohong , Ting David S.K.
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

A delayed detached eddy simulation in Open FOAM was performed to
study flow separation of a circular cylinder with roundness imperfection up to 4% of its diameter
at Reynolds numbers of 100, 3900, and 104 in normal flow.

Methods:

The flow was considered to be Newtonian and incompressible. The separation position
was determined independently based on surface pressure distribution and skin friction.

Results:

Results show that the patterns of these distributions depend on both Reynolds number
and roundness imperfection level, and flow separation in an imperfectly round cylinder may be
induced by either an adverse pressure gradient or a Gentle Bend (GB) introduced by the roughness.
For the separation point determined by the pressure-based method, its accuracy can be affected
by the characteristic of pressure distribution near the separation point at low Reynolds
numbers, and, thus, its physical validity needs to be verified by flow visualization at high Reynolds
numbers.

Conclusion:

The skin friction-based method can accurately predict separation point for both perfectly
and imperfectly round cylinders without additional information. When the roundness imperfection
ratio reaches 2% and the Reynolds number reaches 3900, both approaches indicate that the
flow separation point converges to the location of GB on the cylinder surface and the two sets of
predicted separation points agree well.
Comparative Associations between Substances Used with
Depression and Anxiety in a Sample of High School Students in
Turkey
Authors: Unlu Ali , Prajapati Parna , Rahmani Mariam , Pumariega Andres
Published: March 2024

Objective:

To explore the associations between the type and the
amount of substances used with depression and anxiety symptoms by high school
students.

Methods:

The study data was collected by the Istanbul Department of Education
on 31,604 high school students which was a survey of 66 questions administered
in the school setting. The primary questions and sub-questions on anxiety and
depression scores were added to generate a scaled score. Specific substances used
by the participants were used to explore the relationship between substance use
and depression and anxiety scores by using multinomial logistic regression
models. Two regression models were analyzed, one for each dependent variable,
keeping the significance level at 0.05. Odds ratios were calculated to explore the
association between depression and anxiety scores and specific substance use
among the youth.

Results:

The participants with low levels of anxiety were at an increased odds of
using heavy amounts of sleep pills (OR=1.6) and alcohol (OR=1.3) as compared
to those without anxiety. In addition to sleep pills and alcohol, illicit substances
such as LSD and inhalant use were also seen in the participants with higher levels
of anxiety. The participants with low levels of depression were found to be at an
increased odds of using sleep pills (OR=1.8) and alcohol (OR=1.3). In addition to
this pattern of substance use, participants with higher levels of depression were
also found to be heavy cocaine users, low inhalant users, heavy steroid users, and
low alcohol users. A decrease in the use of homemade brews was seen in the
participants with low and high levels of depression as compared to those who
didn’t have any depressive symptoms.

Conclusion:

A unique pattern of drug and alcohol use was found in the
participants experiencing varying levels of anxiety and depression.
Udemans’ visie op het zaad van het geloof bij de kleine kinderen van de gelovigen
Authors: Van den Brink W.J.
Published: March 2024

Dutch Reformed minister Godefridus Cornelisz Udemans (1581/82-1649) defends the thesis that children of the covenant should be baptized because, by the Holy Spirit, they have ‘the seed of faith’. Udemans employs this concept to argue 1) that children are notunbelievers; 2) that children progress in their faith, and 3) that this shows the work of the Holy Spirit in believers. Udemans often refers to Beza and argues that the whole Dutch Reformed Church agrees with this concept. The relevance of Udemans’ idea of ‘the seed of faith’, then and now, is the comfort and confidence it provides godly parents in raising their children
Spongy urethra: anatomy, histology, physiology, and surgery
Authors: Kogan M. I. , Ryvaev Yu. M. , Matsionis A. E. , Kornienko N.  A.
Published: March 2024

The spongy urethra is an organ claimed for diagnosis and treatment of numerous urological and non-urological diseases and injuries. Hence, it seems crucial to consider the up-to-date modalities of its structure and function considering the current interests of invasive diagnostics, therapy, and surgery. The article presents different aspects of surgical anatomy, histology, and physiology of the spongy urethra. It also covers the principles of diagnostic work-up and management for certain diseases of the spongy urethra such as urethral strictures, hypospadias, acute ischaemic priapism, acute and chronic urethritis, external injury.