bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of the Period of Abstinence on Semen Quality in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Waters Tarah H. B. , Chan Carol Pui Shan , Li Tin Chiu , Chan David Yiu Leung
Published: March 2020

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease that can affect fertility. There is currently little information regarding the semen profile of males with SLE. Moreover, there is no consensus on an appropriate period of sexual abstinence for semen analysis and on the use of DNA fragmentation assay, together with multiple semen analyses to document the semen profile in this clinical population. In this case report, multiple semen analyses, with DNA fragmentation assays, were performed for a male with SLE undergoing fertility treatment at our andrology unit. A 4-day period of abstinence improved the semen concentration, total sperm count, total progressive motile sperm, and sperm morphology, with minimal DNA fragmentation. In conclusion, multiple semen analyses obtained after different periods of sexual abstinence, together with DNA fragmentation assays, may be useful to develop a semen profile for patients with SLE, providing information on the optimal abstinence period to yield the best semen quality for subsequent fertility treatment. For patients with fluctuating semen results, concomitant semen cryopreservation should be considered to preserve the better quality semen before starting assisted reproductive technologies if pregnancy is planned in the future.
Implementation of Complex Position Constraints in the Kinetic Dynamic Relaxation Method
Authors: Liu Yan , You Zaijin , Han Yanqing
Published: March 2020

The traditional Kinetic Dynamic Relaxation (KDR) method can only deal with simple constraints such as the fixed joints, which restricts its practical applications. This study has proposed a new algorithm to implement the complex position constraints in KDR. The proposed algorithm is developed by transforming the position constraints to the acceleration form through combining time differentiation and Taylor expansion with dimensional analysis, and then solving the governing equation of the constraint forces with the Newton’s 2nd law. For the nonlinear constraints, projection technique is applied to avoid the drift-off phenomenon. Several tests have been performed to verify the proposed algorithm. The numerical results show the algorithm is adaptive in both linear and nonlinear problems and works efficiently.
Semi-automated double sided livestock (SADSL) mix feeder
Authors: Che Soh Zainal Hisham , Che Abdullah Syahrul Afzal , Affandi Shafie Mohd. , Nizam Ibrahim Mohammad
Published: March 2020

The Semi-Automated Double-Sided Livestock (SADSL) MixFeeder is designed to automatically feed and acts as a mixer for the ingredients of the livestock. The machine provides owners of these animals the freedom to be away from their reared animals for up to a week at a time and can be confident that their animals are being fed properly. The software design for the SADSL MixFeeder utilizes custom software written in the language of the Arduino development environment to implement all the functions required to control the feeder using Arduino microcontroller-based system. The prototype for SADSL MixFeeder is designed and implemented successfully.
Model-view-controller approach for e-Zakah
Authors: Fathonih Ah. , Sa’adillah Maylawati Dian , Ali Ramdhani Muhammad
Published: March 2020

Zakah (alms) has a strategic position in terms of Islamic value and terms of the development of the welfare of the people. In the current digital era, the use of technology can facilitate zakah worship more easily, quickly, efficiently, and secure. This study aims to analyze and design electronic zakah (e-Zakah) structurally and systematically using the Model-View-Controller (MVC) approach. MVC is an approach or pattern of object-oriented analysis and design for software development that widely used today. MVC is implemented in the analysis and design modelling using Unified Modeling Language (UML) for e-Zakah. Based on the traceability result of analysis and design of e-Zakah, it can be concluded that the e-Zakah analysis and design model has been met all of zakah concept, user and software requirements, and all of models can be traced to each other. Therefore, e-Zakah analysis and design model in this study is ready to be built as a software.
Solution of distributed generation allocation problem using a novel method
Authors: Y. Abdelaziz A. , F. Mekhamer S. , H. Shehata R.
Published: March 2020

In this paper, A novel optimization technique called whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is modified, used and implemented to find the best possible solution to the problem of optimal locating and sizing of Distributed Generation (DG) resources such as photovoltaic cells, fuel cells and kVAR compensators in radial distribution feeders. The modified technique is used for the first time to solve this kind of optimization problem which includes optimal sizing and location of DG units in radial distribution feeder.

The proposed method is applied to two different test distribution feeders (15 bus and 33 bus test systems) using different DG types and the acquired results are analyzed and compared to other modern optimization methods to confirm that they give the best results, lowest system real power losses and highest voltage profile improvement among the other modern methods implemented on the same test systems.
Study on footstep power generation using piezoelectric tile
Authors: Mohd Asry Anis Maisarah , Mustafa Farahiyah , Sim Sy Yi , Ishak Maizul , Mohamad Aznizam
Published: March 2020

Electrical energy is important and had been demand increasingly. A lot of energy resources have been wasted and exhausted. An alternative way to generate electricity by using a population of human had been discovered When walking, the vibration that generates between the surface and the footstep is wasted. By utilizing this wasted energy, the electrical energy can be generated and fulfill the demand. The transducer that use to detect the vibration is a piezoelectric transducer. This transducer converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. When the pressure from the footstep is applied to the piezoelectric transducer, it will convert the pressure or the force into the electrical energy. The piezoelectric transducer is connected in series-parallel coonection. Then, it is placed on the tile that been made from wood as a model for footstep tile to give pressure to the piezoelectric transducers. This tile can be placed in the crowded area, walking pavement or exercise instruments. The electric energy that generates from this piezoelectric tile can be power up low power appliances.
Characterizations of electrode geometrical shape for dielectrophoresis
Authors: Burham N. , M. Shahar A. A. , A. Aziz A. , T. Yaakub T. N. , Khairuddin N.
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a characterization of geometrical shape on dielectrophoresis by determining and analysing the geometrical shape of electrodes. The structure or geometrical shape of dielectrophoresis electrode is design using COMSOL software to determine the maximum trapping efficiency of particles. The trapping efficiency of particles can be evaluated by analysing the best electrical gradient and investigated the behaviour of the particles if the existence of a non-uniform electric field.  There are three geometrical shapes have been designed which is, peel chain shape, castle wall shape and comb shape. Each of the geometrical shapes have different magnetic field produce, hence each of the design have specific application. Furthermore, these three designed are analysed by varying the material of the electrode for the best trapping efficiency. From the various and previous study, for maximum trapping efficiency the shape used is peel chain shape which is suitable for biological and non-biological particles separation. But for the castle wall and comb shape is the most suitable for biological particles such as red blood cell and bacteria trapping. As for the result obtain, it is proven that peel chain shape could achieve maximum electrical gradient to trap biological or non-biological particles in the future.
Simulated evaluation of new switching based median filter for suppressing SPN and RVIN
Authors: Patanavijit Vorapoj , Thakulsukanant Kornkamol
Published: March 2020

In the past two decades, the SPN (salt and pepper noise) suppressing method is worldwide interested researches on computer vision and image processing hence many SPN suppressing methods have been proposed. In general, the primary goal of SPN removal method is the suppressing of SPN in digital images thereby one of the recent effective and powerful SPN suppressing methods is a new switching-based median filtering (NSMF), which is innovated for suppressing high density SPN. Consequently, this paper thoroughly examines its efficiency and constrain of a new switching-based median filtering when this filter is used for contaminated image, which is synthesized by SPN and RVIN (random-value impulsive noise). In these simulations, six well-known images (Lena, Mobile, Pepper, Pentagon, Girl, Resolution) with two impulsive noise classes (SPN and RVIN) are used for measuring the its efficiency and constrain. An evaluation of the efficiency is conducted with many previous methods in forms of subjective and objective indicators.
Size miniaturization of chipless RFID tag using metamaterial structure
Authors: B. Jalil Mohd Ezwan , A. Rahim Mohamad Kamal , B. Ayop Osman , Asmawati Samsuri Noor
Published: March 2020

A Chipless RFID based Modified Complementary Split Ring Resonator (MCSRR) with Different Width (DW) which is metamaterial structure is designed using PET substrate (  =3, loss tangent = 0.025 at 2 GHz) to miniaturize effective length size of conventional split ring resonator. The MCSRR structure with DW provides less size about 17% compared with the conventional MCSRR structure. The single MCSRR resonator with different width only requires a frequency range of 12 % of Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) resonator. The slotted MCSRR resonator is located underneath substrate and within substrate is connected with transmission lines. The insertion loss value of MCSRR resonator is used to encode ID information of chipless RFID with maximizing ID information using Frequency Position technique. The best swapping parameter for encoding ID number information is split gap of both ring compare with other parameter such as spacing between ring and width of ring.
A review on graph search algorithms for optimal energy efficient path planning for an unmanned air vehicle
Authors: Kumar Debnath Sanjoy , Omar Rosli , Abdul Latip Nor Badariyah , Shely Shasha , Nadira Elia , Che Ku Melor Che Ku Nor , Kumar Chakraborty Tapan , Natarajan Elango
Published: March 2020

Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) has attracted attention in recent years in conducting missions for longer time with higher levels of autonomy. For the enhanced autonomous characteristic of UAV, path planning is one of the crucial issues. Current researches on the graph search algorithms under combinatorial method are mainly reviewed in this paper by keeping focus on the comprehensive surveys of its properties for path planning. The outcome is a pen picture of their assumptions and drawbacks.
Electricity theft detection framework based on universal prediction algorithm
Authors: Okino Otuoze Abdulrahaman , Wazir Mustafa Mohd , Ebianga Sofimieari Ibim , Mohd Dobi Abdulhakeem , Hamza Sule Aliyu , Emmanuel Abioye Abiodun , Salman Saeed Muhammad
Published: March 2020

Electricity theft has caused huge losses over the globe and the trend of its perpetuation constantly evolve even as smart technologies such as smart meters are being deployed. Although the smart meters have come under some attacks, they provide sufficient data which can be analysed by an intelligent strategy for effective monitoring and detection of compromised situations. So many techniques have been employed but satisfactory result is yet to be obtained for a real-time detection of this electrical fraud. This work suggests a framework based on Universal Anomaly Detection (UAD) utilizing Lempel-Ziv universal compression algorithm, aimed at achieving a real-time detection in a smart grid environment. A number of the network parameters can be monitored to detect anomalies, but this framework monitors the energy consumption data, rate of change of the energy consumption data, its date stamp and time signatures. To classify the data based on normal and abnormal behaviour, Lempel-Ziv algorithm is used to assign probability of occurrence to the compressed data of the monitored parameters. This framework can learn normal behaviours of smart meter data and give alerts during any detected anomaly based on deviation from this probability. A forced aggressivemeasure is also suggested in the framework as means of applying fines to fraudulent customers.
The analysis of facial feature deformation using optical flow algorithm
Authors: Zulhijah Awang Jesemi Dayang Nur , Ujir Hamimah , Hipiny Irwandi , Samson Juan Sarah Flora
Published: March 2020

Facial features deformed according to the intended facial expression. Specific facial features are associated with specific facial expression, i.e. happy means the deformation of mouth. This paper presents the study of facial feature deformation for each facial expression by using an optical flow algorithm and segmented into three different regions of interest. The deformation of facial features shows the relation between facial the and facial expression. Based on the experiments, the deformations of eye and mouth are significant in all expressions except happy. For happy expression, cheeks and mouths are the significant regions. This work also suggests that different facial features' intensity varies in the way that they contribute to the recognition of the different facial expression intensity. The maximum magnitude across all expressions is shown by the mouth for surprise expression which is 9x10-4. While the minimum magnitude is shown by the mouth for angry expression which is 0.4x10-4.
Emotion recognition using electroencephalogram signal
Authors: Nadira Mohammad Yosi Aqila Nur , Azami Sidek Khairul , Sakti Yaacob Hamwira , Othman Marini , Zamani Jusoh Ahmad
Published: March 2020

Emotion play an essential role in human’s life and it is not consciously controlled. Some of the emotion can be easily expressed by facial expressions, speech, behavior and gesture but some are not. This study investigates the emotion recognition using electroencephalogram (EEG) signal. Undoubtedly, EEG signals can detect human brain activity accurately with high resolution data acquisition device as compared to other biological signals. Changes in the human brain’s electrical activity occur very quickly, thus a high resolution device is required to determine the emotion precisely. In this study, we will prove the strength and reliability of EEG signals as an emotion recognition mechanism for four different emotions which are happy, sad, fear and calm. Data of six different subjects were collected by using BrainMarker EXG device which consist of 19 channels. The pre-processing stage was performed using second order of low pass Butterworth filter to remove the unwanted signals. Then, two ranges of frequency bands were extracted from the signals which are alpha and beta. Finally, these samples will be classified using MLP Neural Network. Classification accuracy up to 91% is achieved and the average percentage of accuracy for calm, fear, happy and sad are 83.5%, 87.3%, 85.83% and 87.6% respectively. Thus, a proof of concept, this study has been capable of proposing a system of recognizing four states of emotion which are happy, sad, fear and calm by using EEG signal.
Characteristic evaluation of 20-Bit consecutive codes in high performance optical burst mode receiver configuration
Authors: Mazwar Adibah , Hamzah Azura , Mahdaliza Idrus Sevia , Kanno Atsushi , Mohamed Norliza
Published: March 2020

Optical burst mode receivers are indispensable components for Passive Optical Network (PON) and Ethernet Optical Access Network (E-OSAN). An optical burst mode receiver with transfer function Gn(jω/ω0) = 1 - Hn(jω/ω0) is proposed, of which better performance is anticipated than that of conventional AC-coupling. Next, an optical burst mode receiver with fast response Gn(jω/ωF) and slow response Gn(jω/ωS), whereby Gn(jω/ωF) switches to Gn(jω/ωS) right after the DC component of the input burst signal converges to 0 is proposed. Then, an automatically switching circuit that switches fast response Gn(jω/ωF) to slow response Gn(jω/ωS) circuits right after the maximum peak value of the output burst Gn(jω/ωF) is 1/2 and the DC components of the input burst converges to 0 is also proposed. This paper presents the experiments on same consecutive codes in burst mode receivers using the proposed automatically switching circuit, with evaluation on its characteristics made through simulation.
Designs of rectangular-shaped planar Inverted-F antennas at mobile operating frequencies with different ground plane techniques
Authors: Mohd Razali Nurul Inshirah , Seman Norhudah , Han Chua Tien
Published: March 2020

This article presents the designs of planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs) at frequencies of 0.835 GHz, 0.9 GHz, 1.8 GHz, 1.9 GHz, 2 GHz, and 2.6 GHz. Initially, the designs of rectangular-shaped PIFAs are determined through the parametric studies concerning the dimensions of the antenna’s patch length, shorting plate, ground plane, and substrate. Afterward, rectangular-shaped slots are introduced into radiating element of two antennas that operate at a lower frequency range of less than 1 GHz, to tune the resonant frequency to the respective 0.835 GHz and 0.9 GHz. Different configurations of partial or full ground plane are implemented to improve the reflection coefficient, S11 performance to be below -10 dB in both simulation and measurement. The proposed six PIFAs have gain that are greater than 2 dB with the nearly omnidirectional radiation patterns. All the designs and analyses are performed using the CST Microwave Studio utilizing Rogers 4003C substrate.
Dynamic bifurcation analysis and mitigation of SSR in SMIB system
Authors: Ramachandra Shruthi , R.C. Mala , Rao H. V. Gururaja
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a detailed study on Sub-synchronous resonance in a Single machine connected to an infinite bus system by employing Bifurcation Theory. The synchronous machine model considered is a two-axis model, the turbine system is a six mass system. A comparative study of Sub-synchronous resonance for the two-axis synchronous machine models 1.1, 2.1 and 2.2 under constant excitation is presented in this paper. The effect of adding an exciter, power system stabilizer and Static Synchronous Series Compensator to the SMIB system, incorporated with a 2.2 synchronous machine model on the bifurcations of SSR is also investigated. The results obtained on replacing the fixed series compensation of the line by Static Synchronous Series Compensator resulted in the mitigation of Sub-synchronous Resonance. The results obtained for all the above-considered cases are compared with eigenvalue analysis and validated using transient analysis.
Improved load flow formulation for radial distribution networks
Authors: Mohamed Norainon , Ishak Dahaman
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to provide an improved load flow formulation for solving load flow problem in radial distribution networks. The improved algorithm is formulated from the basic Kirchoff’s voltage law. The proposed method does not need any matrix multiplication, and the voltage equation is derived to compute the voltage at each node. The proposed method is then tested on 28-bus, IEEE-33 and IEEE-69 systems of radial distribution networks with different resistance to reactance ratio and different condition of loads. The simulation results from the suggested algorithm show that the proposed method has fast convergence capability compared with other existing methods. A very good agreement is achieved.
Energy efficiency index by considering number of occupants: a study on the lecture rooms in a university building
Authors: Ameera Zakaria Noor , Yusri Hassan Mohammad , Abdullah Hayati , Pauzi Abdullah Md , Hussin Faridah , Maherah Hussin Siti , Abu Bakar Nur Najihah
Published: March 2020

The building sector is attributed to approximately 40% of the nation’s energy consumption and this accounts for a significant percentage of the nation’s energy consumption. For this reason, energy efficiency in buildings has now become an important subject in the national energy scenario. Energy Efficiency Index (EEI) is one of the energy consumption indicators that is widely used in the building sector for measuring energy performance. This index is generally measured based on the energy used per unit of building floor area. However, this index is not able to directly identify other factors affecting energy usage. This paper suggests an Energy Efficiency Index (EEI) for determining the performance of lecturer rooms in a university building. Unlike the conventional EEI, the proposed EEI determines the room’s energy usage performance by considering the number of occupants. The study was conducted at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) and the results show that the number of occupants significantly influences the energy usage performance of rooms in a university building.
Design of compact ultra wideband antenna for microwave medical imaging application
Authors: Othman Adib , Shaari Nur Ishmah Sabirah , Zobilah Abdullah M. , Shairi Noor Azwan , Zakaria Zahriladha
Published: March 2020

A compact ultra wideband (UWB) antenna for operation at 6 GHz intended for microwave medical imaging (MMI) application is proposed. The microstrip patch antenna (MPA) was design in hexagon shape which is contain H-slot at the centre top of the patch and a slot at the ground. Those slots method is utilised to enhance the operating bandwidth as well as minimising the antenna’s impedance mismatch caused by its proximity to material. Results shows that, the implementation of slot on the patch has profoundly enhance the bandwidth (BW) of the antenna to 503.54 MHz. Measurement of fabricated antenna produce significant result in term of producing wide bandwidth of 520 MHz, with slightly shifting on operating frequency. Therefore, it has been proved that the required performance of UWB antenna has been achieved successfully.

 
Comparison of convolutional neural network and bag of features for multi-font digit recognition
Authors: Mohd Kadir Nasibah Husna , Mohd Nur Hidayah Sharifah Nur Syafiqah , Mohammad Norasiah , Ibrahim Zaidah
Published: March 2020

This paper evaluates the recognition performance of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Bag of Features (BoF) for multiple font digit recognition. Font digit recognition is part of character recognition that is used to translate images from many document-input tasks such as handwritten, typewritten and printed text.  BoF is a popular machine learning method while CNN is a popular deep learning method.  Experiments were performed by applying BoF with Speeded-up Robust Feature (SURF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier and compared with CNN on Chars74K dataset. The recognition accuracy produced by BoF is just slightly lower than CNN where the accuracy of CNN is 0.96 while the accuracy of BoF is 0.94.
Dimentionality reduction based on binary cooperative particle swarm optimization
Authors: Syed Ahmad Sharifah Sakinah , Farhain Azmi Ezzatul , Kasmin Fauziah , Othman Zuraini
Published: March 2020

Even though there are numerous classifiers algorithms that are more complex, k-Nearest Neighbour (k-NN) is regarded as one amongst the most successful approaches to solve real-world issues. The classification process’s effectiveness relies on the training set’s data. However, when k-NN classifier is applied to a real world, various issues could arise; for instance, they are considered to be computationally expensive as the complete training set needs to be stored in the computer for classification of the unseen data. Also, intolerance of k-NN classifier towards irrelevant features can be seen. Conversely, imbalance in the training data could occur wherein considerably larger numbers of data could be seen with some classes versus other classes. Thus, selected training data are employed to improve the effectiveness of k-NN classifier when dealing with large datasets. In this research work, a substitute method is present to enhance data selection by simultaneously clubbing the feature selection as well as instances selection pertaining to k-NN classifier by employing Cooperative Binary Particle Swarm Optimisation (CBPSO). This method can also address the constraint of employing the k-nearest neighbour classifier, particularly when handling high dimensional and imbalance data. A comparison study was performed to demonstrate the performance of our approach by employing 20 real world datasets taken from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. The corresponding table of the classification rate demonstrates the algorithm’s performance. The experimental outcomes exhibit the efficacy of our proposed approach.
Signal modulation techniques in Non-orthogonal waveform for future wireless communication system
Authors: Rosmaniza AR Siti , Ahmad Norulhusna Ahmad , Syed Yusof Sharifah Kamilah
Published: March 2020

In the future generation of the wireless communication system, the utilization of bandwidth needs to be managed efficiently. Due to that, research on enhancing the efficiency of the bandwidth has recently attracted numerous interests focusing more on the non-orthogonal waveform generation and detection. Even though non-orthogonal waveform is promising a higher efficiency, it introduces inter-carrier interference (ICI) at the transmitter due to the subcarrier overlapping.  In this paper, the signaling technique for non-orthogonal waveform generation and detection is discussed. This paper also proposed the use of accumulator (ACC) to improve the system performance of the signal modulation in the non-orthogonal waveform for the next generation of the wireless communication system. The result is represented in an EXtrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) chart to show the effects of adding ACC into the non-orthogonal system.
Image and audio fractal compression: comprehensive review, enhancements and research directions
Authors: Ali Ahmed Huaasin , Abbas Ali Nihad , George Loay Edwar , Mokhtar Mohd Rosmadi
Published: March 2020

This study aims to review the recent techniques in digital multimedia compression with respect to fractal coding techniques. It covers the proposed fractal coding methods in audio and image domain and the techniques that were used for accelerating the encoding time process which is considered the main challenge in fractal compression. This study also presents the trends of the researcher's interests in applying fractal coding in image domain in comparison to the audio domain. This review opens directions for further researches in the area of fractal coding in audio compression and removes the obstacles that face its implementation in order to compare fractal audio with the renowned audio compression techniques.
Concept of minimizing the response time for reducing dynamic data redundancy in cloud computing
Authors: Abd Manan Wan Nurazieelin Wan , Aizi Salamat Mohamad
Published: March 2020

Reduction of dynamic data redundancy in cloud computing is one of the best ways to maintain the storage capacity from being fully utilized. Cloud storage is a part of cloud computing technology which holds a high demand in any organization for reducing the cost of purchasing and maintaining storage infrastructures. Increase in the number of users will require a larger storage capacity for storing their data. Reduction of dynamic data redundancy allows service providers to be energy savvy and minimize maintenance cost. Recent researches focus more on static data nature despite its limited capability as compared to dynamic data characteristic in cloud storage. Therefore, this paper theoretically compares various techniques for reduction of redundant dynamic data in cloud computing and suggests the best technique for completing the task in terms of response time.
A modified sine cosine algorithm for improving wind plant energy production
Authors: H. Suid M. , Z. Tumari M. , A. Ahmad M.
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a Modified Sine Cosine Algorithm (M-SCA) to improve the controller parameter of an array of turbines such that the total energy production of wind plant is increased. The two modifications employed to the original SCA are in terms of the updated step size gain and the updated design variable equation. Those modifications are expected to enhance the variation of exploration and exploitation rates while avoiding the premature convergence condition. The effectiveness of the M-SCA is applied to maximize energy production of a row of ten turbines. The statistical performance analysis shows that the M-SCA provides the highest total energy production as compared to other existing methods.
Fuzzy logic-based maximum power point tracking solar battery charge controller with backup stand-by AC generator
Authors: Madrigal Gilfred Allen , Cuevas Kristin Gail , Hora Vivien , Jimenez Kristine Mae , Manato John Niño , Porlaje Mary Joy , Fortaleza Benedicto
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a Fuzzy-based Maximum Power Point Tracking Solar Battery Charge Controller with backup stand-by AC generator. This study is developed to provide a maximum power point tracking battery charge controller using fuzzy logic algorithm for isolated areas that uses solar panels and AC generators. Fuzzy Logic Toolbox in MATLAB and Arduino IDE were used in implementing fuzzy logic algorithm. Fuzzy logic is a mathematical system where something can be represented in continuous values between 0 and 1. It basically represents systems based on human reasoning. The hardware comprises of four components – the switched mode power supply, the source switching circuit, buck-boost converter and the diversion load controller. The pre-testing conducted based on the methodology indicates that the proposed charge controller is efficient in maximizing the input power that enters the charge controller under different conditions. The current efficiency rate of the charge controller is 96.02%. The average battery charging time for a fully-discharged 12V Lead-Acid Battery using AC source, DC source and both AC and DC sources are 2 hours and 30 minutes, 8 hours and 15 minutes and 5 hours and 30 minutes, respectively, while discharging took 3 hours and 40 minutes with two 30-watt floodlight load.
Implementation of embedded real-time monitoring temperature and humidity system
Authors: Hashim Firdaus , Mohamad Roslina , Kassim Murizah , Izwan Suliman Saiful , Mohamad Anas Nuzli , Abu Bakar Ahmad Zaki
Published: March 2020

Temperature and humidity are among the parameters that significant to the industrial and agricultural. Traditionally, these elements are monitored inefficiently through wired monitoring system that caused higher implementation and maintenance cost. In addition, the device to detect the temperature such thermometer is not suitable for real-time monitoring since it need a longer response time to measure. With the advent of wireless technology, the temperature and humidity are monitored remotely and effectively. This paper aims to describe the implementation of an embedded real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system, using Arduino for Internet of Things (IoT) application.  The system integrates the Arduino node with a dashboard system call Node-FRED, which interfaced to the LoRa radio through the Things Network gateway. This IoT application is deployed on both indoor and outdoor environment, to investigate the relation between the temperature and humidity level in order to manage the environment at more comfort level.
Automated conveyor system for football quality checking
Authors: Muhammad Razif Muhammad Rusydi , H. J. Norazuan S. A. , Aimi Mohd Nordin Ili Najaa , Hashim Hairulazwan
Published: March 2020

Many incidents happen in football matches such as injury, fight between team and ball out of game as whistle is blow. The worst case is where the ball exploded as the ball kick simultaneously from two opposite directions. To reduce problem in football matches and ensure the quality of the football match specification, this project is proposed a conveyor system for football quality checking, focusing on the ball size and weight measurement. In the conveyor system, a conveyor belt is introduced as a medium for conveying the ball, sensors to check the football specification and microcontroller to read the sensor input and produce output in term of motor control and measurement display. The conveyor system is made for checking the FIFA standard ball specification and it was built portably for easily carry and used in sport shop. The system could operate automatically, thus reducing to the need for worker. This project is expected to reduce injury in football match and also ensure the quality of the ball is guaranteed. For a standard football size measurement, the ball weight shows almost similar to the standard specification with 20g differences.
Performance analysis of handover parameter for natural disaster in LTE-A network
Authors: Laily Yusof Azita , Mohd Azhar Ainnur Eiza , Ya’acob Norsuzila
Published: March 2020

Natural disaster is an unpredictable event which can cause service communication disruption. The disruption of service communication can be divided into three cases which are power outage, broken backhaul and physical destruction by disaster. This paper focuses on power outage case. Although each base stations equipped with backup batteries, it only last for several hours. After natural disaster hit certain areas, traffic is highly congested due to panic and rescue operation of lifesaving. This scenario will drain the backup batteries quickly. In order to limit the UEs’ connection to the affected base station, this research proposed to adjust Received Signal Strength (RSS) based on parameter called as a distance fraction coefficient, α so that the affected coverage area is reduced when in disaster area situation. The parameter is added in the path loss equation and later in the RSS equation. The numerical results show the RSS improved whereby α=0.2 gives the optimal value and therefore limit the incoming traffic to the affected base station. 
Efficient mobilenet architecture as image recognition on mobile and embedded devices
Authors: Khasoggi Barlian , Ermatita Ermatita , Samsuryadi Samsuryadi
Published: March 2020

The introduction of a modern image recognition that has millions of parameters and requires a lot of training data as well as high computing power that is hungry for energy consumption so it becomes inefficient in everyday use. Machine Learning has changed the computing paradigm, from complex calculations that require high computational power to environmentally friendly technologies that can efficiently meet daily needs. To get the best training model, many studies use large numbers of datasets. However, the complexity of large datasets requires large devices and requires high computing power. Therefore large computational resources do not have high flexibility towards the tendency of human interaction which prioritizes the efficiency and effectiveness of computer vision. This study uses the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) method with MobileNet architecture for image recognition on mobile devices and embedded devices with limited resources with ARM-based CPUs and works with a moderate amount of training data (thousands of labeled images). As a result, the MobileNet v1 architecture on the ms8pro device can classify the caltech101 dataset with an accuracy rate 92.4% and 2.1 Watt power draw. With the level of accuracy and efficiency of the resources used, it is expected that MobileNet's architecture can change the machine learning paradigm so that it has a high degree of flexibility towards the tendency of human interaction that prioritizes the efficiency and effectiveness of computer vision.
Collaborative virtual reality application for interior design
Authors: Izwan Rahmat Haziq , Ahmad Suzana , Ismail Marina
Published: March 2020

Virtual Reality (VR) is currently popular technology that has been used by people in various areas such as architecture, medical, training and many more.  In this paper, the researcher proposed collaborative VR for interior design that allows customer and designer work together at different location.  Commonly, the designer draw their design in two-dimensional (2D) graphics at the drawing paper and presents to the customer.  However, 2D drawings led to an ambiguity, indistrinct and uncertainty on the design.  In addition, redesign any changes lead to re-build the prototype.  These will be costly and wasting time, therefore, researcher proposed collaborative VR application which provide an intense feelings about the design which is presented in form of three-dimensional (3D) graphics.  Additionally, proposed application would allow the designer and customer to work in real-time.  In conclusion, collaborative VR will give the benefits for interior design manufacturing to prosper along with current technology.
Two-chambers soft actuator bending and rotational properties for underwater application
Authors: Muhammad Razif Muhammad Rusydi , Athif Faudzi Ahmad , Mohd Nordin Ili Najaa Aimi , Rehman Tariq , Octorina Dewi Dyah Ekashanti
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a study on bending and rotational properties of two-chambers soft actuator for underwater application. Previous study demonstrated the actuator characteristics required to optimize the bending performance and its potential to perform underwater because of the actuator material. However, there is less study of the actuator performance underwater as well as how the actuator tips rotating during actuator bending motion. In this paper, three tests have been proposed which are comparisons of bending angle simulation and experiment in air environment, bending angle performance in air and underwater environment as well as rotational angle of actuator tip in air environment. The bending angle of soft actuator is measured based on displacement in horizontal and vertical axis and for rotational angle, gyro sensor has been used. Based on the analysis, it is proven that the fabricated soft actuator performs almost similar trend to the simulation. It is also demonstrated that the actuator performs almost double bending motion underwater environment compared to in air environment at the same pressure, and the actuator is able to rotate 90º in air environment with the supplied pressure 52 kPa.
Artificial neural network and partial least square in predicting blood hemoglobin using near-infrared spectrum
Authors: Mohd Idrus Mohd Nazrul Effendy , Chia Kim Seng
Published: March 2020

Predictive models is crucial in near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic analysis. Partial least square - artificial neural network (PLS-ANN) is a hybrid method that may improve the performance of prediction in NIR spectroscopic analysis. This study investigates the advantage of PLS-ANN over the well-known modelling in spectroscopy analysis that is partial least square (PLS) and artificial neural network (ANN). The results show that ANN that coupled with first order SG derivatives achieved the best prediction with root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.3517 gd/L and coefficient of determination ( ) of 0.9849 followed by PLS-ANN with RMSEP of 0.4368 gd/L and  of 0.9787, and PLS with RMSEP of 0.4669 gd/L and  of 0.9727. This suggests that the spectrum information may unable to be totally represented by the first few latent variables of PLS and a nonlinear model is crucial to model these nonlinear information in NIR spectroscopic analysis.
A two-step feature selection method for quranic text classification
Authors: Adeleke A. , Samsudin N. A. , Othman Z. A. , Ahmad Khalid S. K.
Published: March 2020

Feature selection is an integral phase in text classification problems. It is primarily applied in preprocessing text data prior to labeling. However, there exist some limitations with the FS techniques. The filter-based FS techniques have the drawback of lower accuracy performance while the wrapper-based techniques are highly computationally expensive to process. In this paper, a two-step FS method is presented. In the first step, chisquare (CH) filter-based technique is used to reduce the dimensionality of the feature set and then wrapper correlation-based (CFS) technique is employed in the second step to further select most relevant features from the reduced feature set. Specifically, the ultimate aim is to reduce the computational runtime while achieving high classification accuracy. Subsequently, the proposed method was applied in labeling instances of the input data (Quranic verses) using standard classifiers: naïve bayes (NB), support vector machine (SVM), decision trees (J48). The results report the proposed method achieved accuracy result of 93.6% at 4.17secs.
Link-state QoS routing protocol under various mobility models
Authors: Laqtib Safaa , El Yassini Khalid , Hasnaoui Moulay Lahcen
Published: March 2020

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) consists of a group of mobile or wireless nodes that are placed randomly and dynamically that causes the continual change between nodes. A mobility model attempts to mimic the movement of real mobile nodes that change the speed and direction with time. The mobility model that accurately represents the characteristics of the mobile nodes in an ad hoc network is the key to examine whether a given protocol. The aim of this paper is to compare the performance of four different mobility models (i.e. Random Waypoint, Random Direction, Random walk, and Steady-State Random Waypoint) in MANET. These models were configured with Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol under three QoS (Quality of Service) metrics such as the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Throughput, End-to-End delay. The simulation results show the effectiveness of Steady-State Random Waypoint Mobility Models and encourage further investigations to extend it in order to guarantee other QoS requirements.
Simulation of simultaneous localization and mapping using 3D point cloud data
Authors: Abdul-Rahman Shuzlina , Abd Razak Mohamad Soffi , Mohd Mushin Aliya Hasanah Binti , Hamzah Raseeda , Abu Bakar Nordin , Abd Aziz Zalilah
Published: March 2020

Abstract—This paper presents a simulation study of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) using 3D point cloud data from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology.  Methods like simulation is useful to simplify the process of learning algorithms particularly when collecting and annotating large volumes of real data is impractical and expensive. In this study, a map of a given environment was constructed in Robotic Operating System platform with Gazebo Simulator. The paper begins by presenting the most currently popular algorithm that are widely used in SLAM namely Extended Kalman Filter, Graph SLAM and Fast SLAM. The study performed the simulations by using standard SLAM with Turtlebot and Husky robots. Husky robot was further compared with ACML algorithm. The results showed that Hector SLAM could reach the goal faster than ACML algorithm in a pre-defined map. Further studies in this field with other SLAM algorithms would certainly beneficial to many parties due to the demands of robotic application.
An exploratory study of industry 4.0 in Malaysia: a case study of higher education institution in Malaysia
Authors: Arshad Mokhtar Mohd , Noordin Nurulhuda
Published: March 2020

Industry 4.0 is defining as a smart factory through the emerging technology of the virtual and physical world as a collective term of technologies and concepts of value chain organization. The lack of understanding about Industry 4.0 concepts in Malaysia, especially from Higher Education Institution perspective, becoming an issue in Malaysia. Furthermore, industries in Malaysia are still relying on external expertise to implement Industry 4.0 in their environment with the expectation of an increase in productivity, efficiency, quality and to move away from foreign workers. This research aims to describe the relationship between technologies within Industry 4.0, people and the environment from the perspective of the Higher Education Institution in Malaysia and identify the problem of applying Industry 4.0 at the Higher Education Institution. Qualitative interviews were conducted with participants from an academic area and Industry 4.0 expert who has experience in both industry and academia. The Work System Framework is adopted in this research as a theoretical lens to extract the relevant information and deepen the understanding of applying Industry 4.0 at the Higher Education Institution in Malaysia. Results of this research reveal the problems faced by the Higher Education Institution in Malaysia towards applying Industry 4.0 in teaching and learning based on the relationship of people, technology and the environment. The results may contribute knowledge to the universities in preparation for future-ready graduates or talents as human capital for Industry 4.0 in Malaysia.
Direct controls for wind turbine with PMSG used on the real wind profile of Essaouira-Morocco city
Authors: Hammoumi Dalila , El Bekkali Chakib , Karim Mohammed , Taoussi Mohammed , El Ouanjli Najib , Bossoufi Badre
Published: March 2020

This article presents the use of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) for the wind energy production and electrical energy injection produced into an electrical grid. The objective is to perform modeling and direct control of the Wind Energy conversion System (WECS), taking into account the problems of wind speed variations and generator maintenance.  The direct torque control (DTC) is applied to the machine-side converter and direct power control (DPC) is applied to the grid-side converter. The performance of WECS is tested in MATLAB / SIMULINK environment simulation with a real wind profile of Essaouira-Morroco city. The simulation results obtained show that the proposed direct controls provide high performance in terms of setpoint tracking, speed, stability and power quality.
Reversible logic in pipelined low power vedic multiplier
Authors: Eshack Ansiya , Krishnakumar S.
Published: March 2020

With an ever growing demand for low-power devices, it is a general trend to search for ways to reduce the power consumption of a system. Multipliers are an important requirement in applications linked to Digital Signal Processing, Communication Systems, Optical Computing, Nanotechnology, Low-Power Very Large Scale Integration and Quantum Computing. Conventional mathematics makes multiplication a very long and time consuming process. The use of Vedic mathematics has led to great reduction in the time required for such calculations. The excessive use of Urdhava Tiryakbhyam sutra in multiplication surely proves its effectiveness and simplicity in this domain. This sutra supports the process of pipelining, a method employed in reduction of the power used by a system. Reversible logic has been gaining demand due to its low-power capabilities and is currently being used in many computing applications. The paper proposes two multiplier systems: one design employs the Urdhava Tiryakbhyam sutra along with pipelining and the second uses reversible logic gates into the first design. These proposed systems provide very less delay for result computation and low hardware utilization when compared to non-pipelined Vedic multipliers.