bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics of 199 discharged patients with COVID-19 in Fujian Province: A multicenter retrospective study between January 22nd and February 27th, 2020
Authors: Wang Sijiao , Chen Zhisheng , Lin Yijian , Lin Li , Lin Qunying , Fang Sufang , Shi Yonghong , Zhuang Xibin , Ye Yuming , Wang Ting , Zhang Hongying , Shao Changzhou
Published: November 2020

Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly spread throughout the country and the world since first broke out in Wuhan, China. The outbreak that started from January 22, 2020, in Fujian Province has been controlled as the number of indigenous cases has not increased since March. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in Fujian Province, China.

Methods

In this retrospective, multicenter study, we collected and analyzed the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data of all cases confirmed by nucleic acid tests in five designated hospitals in Fujian Province between January 22 and February 27, 2020. All patients were followed up until discharge. COVID-19 severity was classified as mild, moderate, severe, or critical.

Results

Of 199 discharged patients with COVID-19, 105 patients were male, with a median age of 46.3 years, and 17 patients were severe, and 5 patients were critical on admission. Hypertension and diabetes were the most common comorbidities. The symptoms at illness onset were mainly fever (76.4%), cough (60.8%), and myalgia or fatigue (27.6%). A total of 96.5% of patients had abnormal imaging findings on chest computed tomography. Lymphopenia (37.2%) and hypoxemia (13.6%) were observed. Acute respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure occurred in 9 patients (4.5%) and 8 patients (4.0%) respectively. One patient died and the others were cured and discharged with the median hospital stay of 19 days. Old age was negatively correlated with lymphocyte count (r = - 0.296, p < 0.001) and oxygenation index (r = - 0.263, p = 0.001). Bivariate regression analysis revealed that old age (≥ 75 years), hypertension, diabetes, and lymphopenia were correlated with the severity of COVID-19.

Conclusions

Patients in Fujian Province were mostly nonsevere cases with mild or moderate symptoms, and had a lower mortality than patients in Wuhan (4.3%-15%). Older age, hypertension, diabetes, and lymphopenia were risk factors for severity of COVID-19.
Identification of a non-classical three-dimensional nuclear localization signal in the intestinal fatty acid binding protein
Authors: Suárez Mariana , Canclini Lucía , Esteves Adriana
Published: November 2020

The intestinal fatty acid binding protein (FABP) is a small protein expressed along the small intestine that bind long-chain fatty acids and other hydrophobic ligands. Several lines of evidence suggest that, once in the nucleus, it interacts with nuclear receptors, activating them and thus transferring the bound ligand into the nucleus. Previous work by our group suggests that FABP2 would participate in the cytoplasm-nucleus translocation of fatty acids. Because the consensus NLS is absent in the sequence of FABP2, we propose that a 3D signal could be responsible for its nuclear translocation. The results obtained by transfection assays of recombinant wild type and mutated forms ofDanio rerioFabp2 in Caco-2 cell cultures, showed that lysine 17, arginine 29 and lysine 30 residues, which are located in the helix-turn-helix region, would constitute a functional non-classical three-dimensional NLS.
Circulating exosomes express α4β7 integrin and compete with CD4+ T cells for the binding to Vedolizumab
Authors: Domenis Rossana , Marino Marco , Cifù Adriana , Scardino Giulia , Curcio Francesco , Fabris Martina
Published: November 2020

Vedolizumab (VDZ) is a therapeutic monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). VDZ selectively binds to the α4β7 integrin and blocks trafficking of a specific subset of gastrointestinal-homing T-lymphocytes to inflamed tissue. Although VDZ has shown promising results in numerous clinical studies a subgroup of patients do not respond adequately. Mechanistic insights and prognostic biomarkers able to predict which patients might benefit from VDZ therapy are currently lacking. Circulating exosomes were isolated from serum of blood donors and VDZ-treated patients by polymer-based precipitation. The surface expression of α4β7 integrin was evaluated by flow cytometry and the levels of exosome-bound VDZ were investigated by Promonitor-VDZ ELISA kit. The capacity of exosomes to interfere with the adhesion of VDZ-treated CD4+ T cells was assessed by adhesion assay. In this study, we showed that serum exosomes isolated from both blood donor and ulcerative colitis patients express on their surface the VDZ target α4β7 integrin. We observed an increased exosomal sequestration of VDZ in anti-TNF exposed patients compared to anti- TNFα naïve patients, according to a greater expression of α4β7 integrin on vesicles surface. Circulating exosomes could compete for VDZ binding with CD4+ T cells since we found that the amount of VDZ bound to T cells was impaired in the presence of exosomes. In addition, we demonstrated that exosomes bind VDZ, which consequently becomes unable to block MadCAM-1-mediated adhesion of lymphocytes. Circulating exosomes might contribute to drug sequestration, possibly affecting the therapeutic efficacy of VDZ in IBD patients. Our data suggest that previous biologic therapy may have altered the sequestration capacity of circulating exosomes, thus reducing the efficacy of VDZ in patients who failed anti-TNF agents.
Age differences in selected measures of physical fitness in young handball players
Authors: Fernandez-Fernandez Jaime , Martinez-Martin Isidoro , Garcia-Tormo Vicente , Garcia-Lopez Juan , Centeno-Esteban Mario , Pereira Lucas A. , Loturco Irineu
Published: November 2020

Objective

The aims of the present study were: 1) to calculate the change of direction (COD) deficit (using a modified version of the 505 test and 10 m sprint time), and (2) to examine the differences in linear sprint, jump and COD performances, as well as COD deficit, between under-13 (U13) and under-15 (U15) male handball players.

Methods

One hundred and nineteen young male handball players (under-13 [U13; n = 82] and under-15 [U15; n = 37]). Tests included anthropometric measurements, countermovement jump (CMJ), triple leg-hop for distance, linear sprint test (5, 10 and 20 m), and a modified version of the 505 COD test.

Results

Results showed moderate to very large differences (P < 0.05) in age, predicted age at peak height velocity (APHV), distance from PHV (DPHV), height, and body mass between the age categories. Moreover, U15 players demonstrated higher performances in all jump tests and lower sprint times in 10- (ES = 0.84) and 20-m (ES = 0.51) and a higher 505 deficit (ES = 0.38) than the U13 players (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed for the 505 COD test between groups (ES = 0.12; P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that during the transition from pre- to post-puberty, young handball players should focus on transferring their progressive improvements in strength, speed, and power capacities to COD performance.
Análise de processos de licenciamento ambiental de empreendimentos de carcinicultura no estado da Bahia, Brasil.
Authors: Ferraz Carla Virgínia Hage , Agra Filho Severino Soares
Published: November 2020

The shrimp farming has undergone a great expansion in recent years, in which the State of Bahia has been playing an important role in the national context. This expansion has generated many benefits but also major concerns about its increasing environmental impacts. Considering the potential of the Environmental Licensing (EL) to induce necessary measures to achieve the sustainability requirements, this research was developed with the objective of analyzing the execution of the EL of shrimp farming in the State of Bahia and its contributions to the sustainable development. In this purpose, 15 EL's processes required in the State of Bahia were analyzed, aiming to evaluate the practices of assessment of the competent agencies and their contributions to the insertion of the objectives of sustainability in the EL of the activity. Because the available processes referred to regularization licenses, the analysis of the preventive character of the EL was impaired. The results suggest that the Technical Opinions emphasize the aspects related to the effects of the activity on the environment, which demonstrates an analysis behavior of the environmental agency based on corrective actions. The social aspects were, in general, the most neglected, in the Technical Opinions analyzed. The analysis of the required conditions in the issued also suggests a significant deficiency, reinforcing the need for important information and conditions to be required before the release of the licenses to ensure compliance. While recent legal regulations about the EL of the sector have brought some breakthroughs in addressing sustainability, their implications have not yet been sufficient to reverse the current scenario.
Current evidence on chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine and their role in the treatment and prevention of COVID-19
Authors: Mpofu Rephaim , Banda Clifford , Gunter Hannah , Mondleki Enkosi , Tatz Gayle , Sinxadi Phumla , Cohen Karen , Barnes Karen , Blockman Marc
Published: November 2020

Although chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have not yet been shown to be safe or effective for the treatment or prevention of COVID-19, regulatory agencies in some countries have authorised their use in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to the lack of available interventions. Several large clinical trials are currently underway to investigate these agents as potential therapeutic options for COVID-19. Previous research against similar pathogens that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome has identified chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as possible antiviral candidates against SARS-CoV-2. Despite promising pre-clinical evidence, data have thus far failed to confirm their efficacy, and recent studies suggest potential dose-related cardiotoxicity and mortality. Close monitoring for cardiac conduction abnormalities is advised with higher-than-approved doses. Additional, robust evidence from randomised controlled trials and meta-analyses are required to make informed risk-benefit assessments. Finally, the off-label prescription of these agents should be judiciously considered, and any such use should be conducted within clinical trials, or under the Monitored Emergency Use of Unregistered and Investigational Interventions framework.
Diet-Dependent and Diet-Independent Hemorheological Alterations in Celiac Disease: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Szakács Zsolt , Csiszár Beáta , Nagy Mátyás , Farkas Nelli , Kenyeres Péter , Erős Adrienn , Hussain Alizadeh , Márta Katalin , Szentesi Andrea , Tőkés-Füzesi Margit , Berki Tímea , Vincze Áron , Tóth Kálmán , Hegyi Péter , Bajor Judit
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Hemorheology is the study of the flow properties of the blood and its elements, which, together with natural anticoagulants, are important determinants of cardiovascular events. This study aimed to assess hemorheological and natural anticoagulant profiles of patients with celiac disease (CeD) comprehensively.

METHODS:

Our study is a case-control study (registered under ISRCTN49677481) comparing patients with CeD with age- and sex-matched control subjects (1:1). We measured erythrocyte deformability (ED) at high (3–30 Pa) and low shears (0.3–3 Pa), erythrocyte aggregation, whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, and natural anticoagulants (protein C, protein S, and antithrombin activity). Adherence to gluten-free diet was estimated through dietary interview and urine gluten immunogenic peptide (urine GIP) detection.

RESULTS:

After matching, we analyzed the data of 100 study participants. ED at high shears was impaired in CeD (P < 0.05 for all shears, confirmed by random forest analysis) independently of findings on CeD-specific serological assessment and urine GIP detection but slightly dependently on dietary adherence (P = 0.025 for 30 Pa shear). ED at low shears seemed to be impaired only in urine GIP+ CeD patients (P < 0.05 for all comparisons with urine GIP− CeD patients and control subjects). All parameters describing erythrocyte aggregation and whole blood viscosity were shifted toward a prothrombotic direction in patients with CeD with poor dietary adherence compared with those with good dietary adherence. Plasma viscosity and activity of natural anticoagulants did not differ across groups.

DISCUSSION:

We observed diet-dependent and diet-independent prothrombotic hemorheological alterations in CeD, which can contribute to the elevated cardiovascular risk. The untoward metabolic changes during gluten-free diet, which can further aggravate hemorheological status, may indicate the implementation of prevention strategies.

JOURNAL/cltg/04.03/01720094-202011000-00009/inline-graphic1/v/2023-10-30T213702Z/r/image-tiff
An Innovation Framework to Integrate Engineering Standards into Industrial Engineering Graduate Curriculum
Authors: Li Hua , Jin Kai
Published: November 2020

The importance of standards is that they provide product manufacturers with clear material, mechanical, and dimensional requirements coupled with specific quality assurance and test methods used to ensure their quality and functionality. Manufacturing-related material standards provide a consensus regarding desired properties between both manufacturers and customers. Moreover, these standards provide analysis methods to measure the properties and leads to standard manufacturing procedures that ensure the quality. To fulfill the need of real-world systems, a curriculum innovation was planned and implemented into the industrial engineering graduate program at Texas A&M University-Kingsville with the aim to integrate manufacturing-related materials and quality management standards into graduate engineering education through innovative course modules and a certificate program. There are four major components in the framework, including (1) course module development on manufacturing-related material standards, (2) course module development on manufacturing-related quality management standards, (3) graduate-level certificate program development, and (4) industrial experience sharing through webinars. ASTM and ISO standards were introduced to graduate students with hands-on experiences on applying standards to real-world case studies. It creates a systematic framework to strengthen graduate students’ education and learning about manufacturing-related materials and quality management standards and standardization. Student surveys were used to collect their feedback, which show very positive impact on the students’ knowledge and interests in standards and standardization.
Toward Agile and Resilient Manufacturing Using AI
Authors: Vukovic Maja , Weldemariam Komminist
Published: November 2020

We describe our vision toward agile and resilient manufacturing using artificial intelligence (AI).
ESTUDO DA ACURÁCIA DE DOIS GLICOSÍMETROS PORTÁTEIS NA MENSURAÇÃO GLICÊMICA DE CÃES EUGLICÊMICOS
Authors: Modesto Dayene Santos , Goloni Camila , Carciofi Aulus Cavalieri , Rondelli Mariana Cristina Hoeppner
Published: November 2020

A maioria dos glicosímetros utilizados na mensuração glicêmica de cães e gatos no Brasil é desenvolvida para uso em seres humanos, sendo necessária a validação para uso em animais de companhia. Este trabalho objetivou analisar a acurácia de dois aparelhos (Optium Xceed®, Abbott e Contour TS®, Bayer) na mensuração da glicemia de cães euglicêmicos, a fim de verificar a precisão de análise em diferentes locais de coletas sanguíneas: veia cefálica cranial, região da pina, face medial superior do lábio e coxim acessório de 25 cães hígidos da raça Beagle. Apesar de as glicemias de amostras sanguíneas coletadas nos locais selecionados mostrarem-se menores em ambos os dispositivos testados do que aquelas mensuradas pela bioquímica seca, os aparelhos apresentaram precisão pela análise da grade de erros, sendo que o dispositivo Optium Xceed® apresentou mais valores na zona A, a primeira zona de acurácia, em todos os pontos de coleta, o que indica uma boa precisão do aparelho.
MICROBIOTA DO TRATO RESPIRATÓRIO INFERIOR DE MACACOS-PREGO (Sapajus spp.) CATIVOS ATRAVÉS DE SEQUENCIAMENTO METAGENÔMICO
Authors: Facioli Fernanda Luiza , Pedrotti Luis Fernando , Ataide Michelli Wesphal , Da Silva Arthur Nery , Zanella Giovana Ciacci , Cantão Maurício Egídio , Loss Caren Chaves , Zanella Ricardo
Published: November 2020

O sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA é uma abordagem de grande eficiência para a identificação de microrganismos presentes em uma determinada amostra. Através da sua utilização, tornou-se possível caracterizar diferentes microbiomas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar a microbiota do trato respiratório inferior das espécies Sapajus apella e Sapajus nigritus (macaco-prego), em um total de 5 animais mantidos sob cuidados humanos em mantenedor conservacionista, sendo 2 fêmeas e 3 machos, a partir de lavados broncoalveolares, utilizando a análise metagenômica. Para coleta do aspirado foi utilizada técnica de broncoscopia com sonda uretral estéril. Foram sequenciados 104.719 reads e identificados 181 gêneros bacterianos, compreendendo 396 OTUs. Os gêneros bacterianos mais abundantes encontrados nos animais foram Neisseria (31,49%), Gemella (8,55%), Abiotrophia (6,51%), unclassified gender of Pasteurellaceae (5,33%), Capnocytophaga (3,91%), Aggregatibacter (3,51%), Paenibacillus (2,94%), Actinobacillus (2,92%), Streptobacillus (2,66%) e Leptotrichia (2,63%). Foi observada ampla variação individual, bem como uma grande diversidade de microrganismos dentro da mesma amostra. Não foi verificado associação espécie-específico e/ou sexo-específico dos microrganismos identificados nos animais. Os resultados obtidos apresentam similaridade com investigações realizadas em humanos e outros animais. Este trabalho corresponde a primeira caracterização da microbiota aérea inferior de macacos-prego através do sequenciamento da região V3-V4 do gene bacteriano 16S rRNA.
Chemical targeting of NEET proteins reveals their function in mitochondrial morphodynamics
Authors: Molino Diana , Pila‐Castellanos Irene , Marjault Henri‐Baptiste , Dias Amoedo Nivea , Kopp Katja , Rochin Leila , Karmi Ola , Sohn Yang‐Sung , Lines Laetitia , Hamaï Ahmed , Joly Stéphane , Radreau Pauline , Vonderscher Jacky , Codogno Patrice , Giordano Francesca , Machin Peter , Rossignol Rodrigue , Meldrum Eric , Arnoult Damien , Ruggieri Alessia , Nechushtai Rachel , de Chassey Benoit , Morel Etienne
Published: November 2020

Several human pathologies including neurological, cardiac, infectious, cancerous, and metabolic diseases have been associated with altered mitochondria morphodynamics. Here, we identify a small organic molecule, which we named Mito‐C. Mito‐C is targeted to mitochondria and rapidly provokes mitochondrial network fragmentation. Biochemical analyses reveal that Mito‐C is a member of a new class of heterocyclic compounds that target the NEET protein family, previously reported to regulate mitochondrial iron and ROS homeostasis. One of the NEET proteins, NAF‐1, is identified as an important regulator of mitochondria morphodynamics that facilitates recruitment of DRP1 to the ER–mitochondria interface. Consistent with the observation that certain viruses modulate mitochondrial morphogenesis as a necessary part of their replication cycle, Mito‐C counteracts dengue virus‐induced mitochondrial network hyperfusion and represses viral replication. The newly identified chemical class including Mito‐C is of therapeutic relevance for pathologies where altered mitochondria dynamics is part of disease etiology and NEET proteins are highlighted as important therapeutic targets in anti‐viral research.
Down Argentine Way: los remakes de películas argentinas en Hollywood en los años cuarenta
Authors: Kelly Hopfenblatt Alejandro
Published: November 2020

El creciente acceso a archivos internacionales y el fortalecimiento de redes globales han llevado en los últimos años a una reconsideración de numerosos preceptos sobre los cuales se ha basado la historiografía del cine. Uno de los campos fundamentales de esta renovación ha sido el de los cines nacionales, donde las perspectivas comparadas y trasnacionales han desplazado la mirada hacia las dinámicas globales y a los canales de circulación en que estas se insertaron.

El estudio de los remakes transnacionales configura un terreno de gran riqueza para esta renovación ya que presenta la posibilidad de entrelazar prácticas industriales y comerciales, estrategias narrativas y transformaciones geopolíticas. En lo que respecta al período clásico, la preeminencia de Hollywood como nodo central de gran cantidad de transposiciones de textos internacionales hace que sea un foco ineludible al plantear investigaciones sobre estos films.

Entre la multiplicidad de países que se involucraron en la práctica del remake, un caso poco considerado es el de Argentina, que, a lo largo de los años cuarenta, tuvo dos películas propias que fueron adaptadas por el cine estadounidense: Los martes, orquídeas (Francisco Mugica, 1941) y Romance musical (Ernesto Arancibia, 1947), que se convirtieron en You Were Never Lovelier (Bailando nace el amor, William A. Seiter, 1942) y Romance on the High Seas (Romance en alta mar, Michael Curtiz, 1948) respectivamente. Ambas producciones de Hollywood presentaron comedias románticas insertas en films musicales ambientados en América Latina.

El estudio comparado de los procesos que llevaron a la producción de los dos casos y las formas en que las cintas estadounidenses representaron escenarios y personajes latinos propone interrogantes que permiten complejizar y ahondar en aspectos novedosos de las políticas de Estados Unidos hacia Latinoamérica, las cambiantes relaciones del cine argentino con Hollywood y la tensión entre los imaginarios latinos y las imágenes cosmopolitas.
Cine cleptómano: Shame (2011) de Steve McQueen y la intertextualidad
Authors: Díaz Gito Manuel Antonio
Published: November 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar, según la metodología del semiólogo Gérard Genette, las relaciones transtextuales localizables en Shame (2011), película dirigida por el director británico Steve McQueen. Se identifican y analizan una serie de casos de alusiones intertextuales que conectarían el filme de McQueen no solo con otros de la historia del cine, sino también con las más grandes firmas del arte moderno. La superposición de diferentes láminas textuales y artísticas convierte a Shame en un valioso palimpsesto transtextual que proyecta su propio significado a partir de la suma de las significaciones de todos sus referentes subyacentes: en otras palabras, convierte a Shame en un buen testimonio de «cine cleptómano».
Густина та поверхневий натяг розплавів Sn1–xBix
Authors: Bilyk R. , Mudry S. , Ovsianyk R. , Borukh I. , Kmet A. , Muravsky L.
Published: November 2020

Методом лежачої краплi дослiджено поверхневий натяг та густину системи Sn1−xBix iз вмiстом 5, 10 та 15 ат.% Bi в температурному iнтервалi 470–800 K у вакуумi 10 Па. Для отримання експериментальних значень дослiджуваних фiзичних характеристик використовувалась програма DROP. Виявлено, що додавання вiсмуту до олова приводить до зменшення поверхневої енергiї розплавiв системи Sn1−xBix. Також показано, що iснують лiнiйнi температурнi залежностi для коефiцiєнта поверхневого натягу та густини.
Effect of Sputtering Power on Optical Properties of Nickel Oxide Electrochromic Thin Films
Authors: Panprom P. , Sritonwong P. , Limwichian S. , Eiamchai P. , Patthanasettakul V. , Nuntawong N. , Horprathum M. , Nawanil C.
Published: November 2020

The preparation and characterization of nickel oxide (NiO) thin film for electrochromic smart window applications are studied. The NiO thin film was prepared by the DC magnetron sputtering from a pure nickel target. The sputtering power was varies in the interval 50–200 W. The crystallinity and physical morphology of NiO films are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), respectively. The XRD result revealed that polycrystalline NiO thin films with preferred growth directions along (111) and (200) planes are obtained. Moreover, the electrochromic property of NiO thin films was investigated with a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The colored state of the electrochromic cell was obtained by the ion insertion at the 1-V external applied bias in 0.1 M KOH. The reversibility between the colored and bleached states is confirmed by the optical transmittance. The result shows the optical contrast as high as 28.68.
Особливості франчайзингової експансії на український туристичний ринок
Authors: Redko Viktoriia Y. , Semych Yurii V.
Published: November 2020

Мета дослідження - визначити відмінності впровадження моделі франчайзингу туристичними операторами на європейському та українському ринках.

Дизайн/Метод/План дослідження. Теоретичний підхід, що ґрунтується на узагальненні, системному й порівняльному аналізі. Застосовані контент-аналіз, статистичний, графічний і табличний методи.

Результати дослідження. Охарактеризовано моделі ділового франчайзингу найбільших багатопрофільних туристичних операторів масового туризму в Україні. Визначено загальні умови здійснення туристичної діяльності на принципах ділового франчайзингу для туристичних агенцій. З’ясовано відмінності моделей ділового франчайзингу на європейському й українському ринках. Франчайзинг визначено механізмом мультиплікації бізнесу й кооперації можливостей, спрямованих на активне просування туристичного продукту на цільовий на ринок.

Практичне значення дослідження. Практичне значення отриманих результатів дослідження полягає у можливому їх застосуванні туристичними агенціями при прийнятті рішення про приєднання до франчайзингової мережі й туроператорами при вирішенні питань диверсифікації прогнозованих ризиків бізнесу.

Оригінальність / цінність / наукова новизна дослідження. Новизною проведеного дослідження є уточнення умов провадження туристичної діяльності на засадах франчайзингу в країнах Європи й, зокрема, в Україні, виділення відмінних рис моделі європейського ділового франчайзингу, які полягають у чітко визначеній вертикально інтегрованій структурі управління, сильному національному маркетинговому менеджменті, корпоративній підтримці ведення бізнесу, довгостроковості франчайзингових угод, результативній системі франчайзі.

Перспективи подальших досліджень / обмеження дослідження. Внаслідок економічної кризи в туристичному бізнесі перспективним напрямом подальших досліджень з цієї проблематики є пошук шляхів стабілізації діяльності мережевого бізнесу в туризмі. Викликає інтерес зміна фінансового стану туристичних агентств після отримання або припинення статусу франчайзі.

Тип статті  - теоретичний.
Razones para la no práctica física y deportiva en adolescentes de la región de Araucanía, Chile
Authors: Fuentes-Vilugrón Gerardo , Lagos-Hernández Roberto
Published: November 2020

La actividad física (AF) es importante para generar estilos de vida saludables. No obstante, se desconoce los motivos por los cuales las personas no mantienen hábitos saludables de AF. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los motivos para la no práctica de actividades físico-deportivas (AFD) en estudiantes entre los 11 y 19 años, en la región de Araucanía, Chile. A un total de 175 participantes se les aplicó Cuestionario para el Análisis de Motivación y la Práctica de la Actividad Físico-Deportiva. De 57 estudiantes que no practican AFD, 35 individuos que dejaron la práctica de actividad física señalan que se debe a la falta de tiempo y el segundo motivo es la falta de interés, en cuanto a los estudiantes que nunca han participado de AFD, 22 de ellos mencionan que el principal motivo para no practicar este tipo de actividades es que no se les da bien el deporte y manifiestan pereza y desgano. En conclusión, se hace muy necesario, tanto para profesores, monitores, o profesionales dedicados al área de la AF y la salud, entender a los procesos en que los adolescentes se encuentran, para hacer uso de sus motivaciones e incentivar la práctica de AFD. Puesto que, los adolescentes han cambiado drásticamente sus intereses y esas lógicas favorecen el alejamiento de las prácticas de AF.
BAŞPARMAK AMPUTASYONLARINDA REPLANTASYON SONUÇLARININ VE REPLANTE EDİLEMEYEN OLGULARDA REKONSTRÜKSİYON SEÇENEKLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: USLUSOY Fuat , ALTUNTAŞ Selman Hakkı , YAVUZ Dudu Dilek , BİLGİN Murat , AYDIN Asım
Published: November 2020

ÖZET
Amaç: Başparmak elin fonksiyonel kapasitesinin yaklaşık %50’sini içermesi nedeniyle diğer parmaklara kıyasla başparmağın konjenital veya edinsel yokluğunda elin pinç ve opozisyon gibi önemli fonksiyonları yerine getirilemediği için ciddi bir fonksiyon kaybı yaşanır. Başparmak rekonstrüksiyonunda seviyelerine göre tedavi algoritmaları değişmekte olup, bununla ilgili olarak kliniğimizde uygulanan rekonstrüksiyon seçeneklerinin irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metod: Kliniğimizde 2010-2019 yılları arasında konjenital veya edinsel başparmak defekti olan 51 hasta retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastalar demografik özellikleri, yaralanma şekli, yarlanma seviyesi, rekonstrüksiyon şekli ve komorbid hastalıklar yönünden değerlendirildi. Elde edilen bulgular tablo haline getirilerek analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 42,6(82-4) idi. Kadın-erkek oranı 1/3,25(12:39) idi. Vakaların 49 tanesi (%96) edinsel(travmatik), 1 tanesi(%1,96) malignite, 1 tanesi de(%1,96) konjenital defekt olarak görüldü. Hastaların başparmak amputasyonları, 35’inda Zone1(Distal 1/3), 8’inde Zone 2(Orta 1/3),8’inde Zone 3(Proksimal 1/3) seviyesinden idi.
Sonuç: Hastanemizin içinde bulunduğu bölgede yoğun tarımsal faaliyet mevcuttur. Tarım aletleri ile yaralanmaların sıklığına bağlı olarak tüm seviyelerde parmak rekonstrüksiyonu tarafımızca yapılmaktadır. Başparmaktaki defektin anatomik ve klinik sınıflaması göz önünde bulundurulduğunda merkezimizde yapılan rekonstrüksiyonlar literatür ile genel olarak paralellik göstermekte olup komplikasyon oranları benzer görülmüştür.
Clinical characteristics and stratification of the cerebrovascular accident risk among patients with atrial fibrillation in Colombia, 2011-2016 v1
Authors: Machado Alba Jorge , Medina Diego , Machado Manuel , Gaviria-Mendoza Andrés , Carvajal Andres
Published: November 2020

Background:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of cardiac arrhythmia worldwide, although its characteristics may vary among geographic regions. In Colombia, data on the epidemiology and characteristics of patients with this arrhythmia are limited. This study aimed to determine the sociodemographic and clinical features of AF in a Colombian population. Methods: An observational, retrospective follow-up study was conducted using a sample of patients diagnosed with AF. Based on population data from a drug-dispensing database, a sample size of 351 adults was calculated. Electronic medical records were reviewed to determine specific sociodemographic, clinical, risk stratification, outcome, and pharmacological variables. Results: A total of 357 patients with a mean age of 69.4±13.3 years were included; 52.4% (n=187) were women. The most frequent comorbidity was hypertension (81.2%). Most patients (84.0%; n=300) had an elevated risk of thromboembolism and an indication for anticoagulation, but 72 (24.0%) of these patients did not receive such treatment. Among the patients, 23.2% had HAS-BLED scores ≥3. During the study period, 76 patients (21.3%) had 121 adverse events, of which 75.2% (n=91) were bleeding events and 24.8% (n=30) were thrombosis events (i.e., stroke). At the end of the follow-up period, the number of prescriptions for direct anticoagulants had increased, and prescriptions for warfarin had decreased. Conclusions:AF primarily affects Colombian adults >65 years old, with women accounting for a slightly higher proportion of cases than men. A high burden of comorbidities and a risk of thromboembolism were found in most patients; however, lack of treatment was evident in a large percentage of cases.
Impact of basic risks, sanctions and adverse market conditions on the coal industry development in Russia over the period to 2040. Part I: External and internal challenges critical to the coal industry development and its performance scenarios in the post-crisis period
Authors:   Institute for Energy Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Plakitkin Yu. A. , Plakitkina L. S. ,   Institute for Energy Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Dyachenko K. I. ,   Institute for Energy Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2020

The growth prospects for coal production in Russia are not so clearly evident as it may seem. Today there is a wide range of alternative avenues of advancement for the coal sector, which can be explained by the external and internal challenges critical to the development of the coal industry in Russia. The basic risks potentially capable to cause the most adverse effect on the coal industry performance in the years to come include: the coal market slump in the world; ecological risks; risks due to sanctions imposed by the USA and European Union to restrict import of new technologies and attraction of financial assets; social risks. Aiming to evaluate the impact of these risks on the coal industry performance in the coming years, four look-ahead scenarios are developed: baseline, hazardous (baseline), moderate, and hazardous (moderate). The moderate scenario is found to be more innovative than the baseline scenario. The highest rate of introduction of technological innovations is representative of the technologies with lower level of the predicted output of coal. This study has been partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the framework of R&D Project No. 18-010-00467 Development of Economic Indicators and Production Data for the Coal Industry Development in Russia up to 2035 with the Changing Vector of Global Technological Innovation due to Implementation of Industry 4.0 Program.
Improvement of traction capacity of industrial railway transport in the Arctic and on the continental shelf
Authors:   National University of Science and Technology—NUST MISIS, Moscow, Russia, Keropyan A. M.
Published: November 2020

The Russian Arctic is extremely rich in minerals (hydrocarbons, various minerals, precious metals, etc.). In modern conditions, it is of particular importance to develop vast territories located beyond the Arctic Circle, due to their special socio-economic, geopolitical and defense significance. The rapid development of the Yamal field needs a reliable and modern trunk railway. The project called the Northern Latitudinal Railway has been included in the Strategy for the Development of Railway Transport until 2030. At the temperatures below minus 20 °C, the use of ordinary sand to improve adhesion usually has low effect due to a significant increase in the hardness of ice and ice crust. It should be noted that given sand is present at the contact of ice-glazed rails and wheels, their metal–metal interaction is interrupted by of this sandwiched sand interlayer, which leads to a decrease in the traction characteristics of locomotives. To increase the adhesion coefficient in winter, the author has proposed an engineering solution protected by patent No. 2504492, which consists in the feed of pre-heated, for example, using an induction heater, dry quartz sand to the rail–wheel contact zone. This invention allows increasing the coefficient of adhesion and, consequently, the traction force of locomotives on average up to 10%. Currently, we are carrying out studies to solve the problem of removing ice deposits from the working surface of rails using innovative “sandless” methods that eliminate the need of using ordinary sand. The solution to the problem of removing ice from rails will contribute to the creation of a terrestrial year-round communication between Chukotka and the Barents Sea, which duplicates the Northern Sea Route.
Microelement composition of vein quartz of the Kuznechikhinskoe deposit (South Urals)
Authors:   South Urals Federal Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology, UB of RAS (Miass, Russia), Korekina M. A. , Shtenberg M. V. ,   South Urals Federal Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology, UB of RAS (Miass, Russia), Lutoev V. P. ,   Institute of Geology, Komi SC, UB of RAS (Syktyvkar, Russia), Shanina S. N. ,   Institute of Geology, Komi SC, UB of RAS (Syktyvkar, Russia)
Published: November 2020

This paper presents the results of a quantitative analysis of impurity elements present in the structural form and composition of mineral and fluid inclusions in the quartz of the Kuznechikhinskoe deposit. The studies have been carried out using ICP–OES and FT–IR spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and gas chromatography. It has been shown that the concentrations of mineral and fluid inclusions are low due to the deposit formation conditions, which positively affects the purity of quartz concentrates obtained. The main impurity is Al, present in the composition of mineral and fluid inclusions and in the crystal lattice of quartz itself. Spectroscopic studies allowed localizing impurities in the quartz and selecting an effective staged concentration process. The quartz samples are first crushed to the fraction of 0.1 to 0.4 mm, then subjected to electromagnetic separation, agglomeration treatment, and microwave decrepitation, and, at the final stage, undergo acid treatment in a combination of hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acids. The finishing deionized water washing and drying complete the deep concentration process to produce high-purity concentrates.
Towards Non-Ageist Housing and Caring in Old Age
Authors: Cohen Shelly , Allweil Yael
Published: November 2020

This article investigates aging-in-place among seniors who live with caretakers, particularly domestic workers who immigrate to Israel from poorer countries. In recent decades, new apartment designs are intended for families with children. Drawing on Dolores Hayden’s (1980) ‘Non-Sexist City’, we expound on Non-Ageist architecture for the aging population and migrant caregivers. We examine how this kind of residence can include additional and vulnerable groups in the population, such as seniors and their caregivers. Our study explores the design of Tel Aviv Metropolis apartments. We argue that typical apartment design affects the ethics of everyday living. Following Michel de Certeau (2011), our research observes everyday behaviors and creative tactics through which seniors and caregivers re-appropriate shared living space. Most seniors house caretakers in a room within the bedroom area of the apartment, for instance, while others use a separate room by the entrance. These practices point to hierarchy and equality as spatial aspects of typical apartments’ layout and their effect on their usage by seniors and caregivers. Our research explores the potential of a planning proposal—dividing the seniors’ apartment into a primary apartment and a secondary unit—suggested by the inter-ministerial government team in the National Housing Headquarters and by the Israeli Affordable Housing Center, an academic-social organization. We argue this division could enable better housing solutions for shared residency. Thus, the article combines qualitative research of residence in old age with analysis of the role of social values such as equality, autonomy, inclusion, affordability and communal values in old-age housing and care.
Ontological Boundaries or Contextual Borders: The Urban Ethics of the Asylum
Authors: Högström Ebba , Philo Chris
Published: November 2020

What and where is ‘the asylum’ today? To what extent do mental healthcare facilities stand out as clearly bounded entities in the modern urban landscape, perhaps reflecting their history as deliberately set-apart and then often stigmatised places? To what extent have they maybe become less obtrusive, more sunk into and interacting with their urban surroundings? What issues of urban ethics are at stake: concerning who/what is starkly demarcated in the city, perhaps subjected to exclusionary logics and pressures, or more sensitively integrated into the city, planned for inclusion and co-dwelling? These questions underscore our article, rooted in an in-depth case study of Gartnavel Royal Hospital, Glasgow, opened as a ‘lunatic asylum’ on its present, originally greenfield, site in the 1840s and remaining open today surrounded by dense urban expansion. Building from the ‘voices’ of patients, staff and others familiar with the site, we discuss the sense of this asylum as ‘other’ to, as ‘outside’ of, or merely ’beside’ the urban fabric. Drawing from concepts of ‘orientations’ (Ahmed, 2006), sites as spatial constructions (Burns & Kahn, 2005), the power of borders and boundaries (Haselsberger, 2014; Sennett, 2018), issues of site, stigma and related urban ethical matters will be foregrounded. Where are the boundaries that divide the hospital campus from the urban context? What are the material signifiers, the cultural associations or the emotional attachments that continue to set the boundaries? Or, in practice, do boundaries melt into messier, overlapping, intersecting border zones, textured by diverse, sometimes contradictory, bordering practices? And, if so, what are the implications?
THE ROYAL SCHOOL OF MINES: HENRY DE LA BECHE’S CONVERGENCE OF PROFESSIONALIZATION AND PUBLIC ADVOCACY
Authors: CLARY RENEE M.
Published: November 2020

Several European countries instituted mining schools in the late 1700s, including France, Germany, Hungary, and Russia. However, since England’s mining industry was privatized with little government involvement, Great Britain was decades behind with the creation of a school of mines. In 1835, Henry De la Beche (1796–1855) became the first director of the Ordnance Geological Survey, precursor to the British Geological Survey. De la Beche used this position to advance geology’s professionalization, which would include the establishment of an applied geology museum, mining records storehouse, and a school of mines. The Museum of Economic Geology, displaying the country’s mineral resources and geology, was De la Beche’s first success. Founded in 1835, it opened to the public in 1841. The Mining Records Office opened in 1840 as a repository for plans of working and abandoned mines. An early public advocate for workers’ safety, De la Beche lobbied for government inspections of collieries, immediate reporting of mining accidents, and proper plans of mines. The School of Mines was De la Beche’s third accomplishment in geology’s professionalization. As an outgrowth of the museum, it was formally opened in 1851 along with the larger Museum of Practical Geology, the Museum of Economic Geology’s successor. De la Beche’s intent for the School of Mines—instruction as a combination of science and practice—seems modern in its approach. In 1843, funding was allocated for lectures on the practical applications of geology, but these were not implemented until the School of Mines opened in 1851. In his effort to educate everyone—from miner to mine owner—De la Beche transcended social boundaries and supported open, public lectures. As a result, some considered him a class traitor. De la Beche used his position to advocate for advancement of the mining industry to include miner safety and public education. Therefore, while the Royal School of Mines emerged later than many of its European counterparts, it was part of a systematic professionalization of geology, coupled with education and a public advocacy for mining participants.
SOUNDING THE DEPTHS OF PROVIDENCE: MINERAL (RE)GENERATION AND HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD
Authors: LUZZINI FRANCESCO
Published: November 2020

The genesis and growth of minerals, as well as the existence in ore veins of such organic features as ‘seeds’, ‘matrices’, and ‘nourishment’, remained central and recurrent issues for natural philosophers, technicians, alchemists and practitioners throughout early modern Europe. By providing an overview of the main themes, voices, and concurrent factors (scientific, philosophical, economic, political, cultural, geographical, religious, social) that shaped the evolution of such long-standing dispute, this essay attempts a preliminary analysis of how the early modern understanding of mineral generation influenced our perception of natural exploitability, renewability and exhaustibility—and, more generally, the development of the Earth sciences and the emergence of humans as geological and environmental agents. These issues are also the subject of a new interdisciplinary project which is introduced in the final part of the article and which, hopefully, will be implemented in the next years with the aim to disclose new insights into our comprehension of the human-environment system.
BENEDETTO CASTELLI’S CONSIDERATIONS ON THE LAGOON OF VENICE: MATHEMATICAL EXPERTISE AND HYDROGEOMORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY VENICE
Authors: OMODEO PIETRO DANIEL , TREVISANI SEBASTIANO , BABU SENTHIL
Published: November 2020

This paper deals with the geoenvironmental politics of early-modern Venice as a case study of geological agency that enlightens the entanglements of geo-history and human history. It focuses on a controversy that was sparked by Galileo’s pupil Benedetto Castelli, as he claimed that his mathematical treatment of running waters could solve all of the most urgent problems linked to the management of the Lagoon of Venice. From an epistemological viewpoint, the controversy is relevant as a case of clashing ‘styles of thought’, as it constituted a disciplinary conflict that pitted Galileian physico-mathematical abstraction (which resulted from the isolation of a set of quantifiable data) against ‘geological’ concreteness (a form of comprehensive knowledge which aimed to cope with systemic complexity). Castelli was not able to convince the Venetian authorities that his method could solve the main problems relative to the conservation of the lagoon at a time when its depth and navigability were worryingly diminishing. While the Venetian authorities invested in diverting rivers away from the lagoon to reduce sediment supply, Castelli argued, to the contrary, that it was precisely the diversion of the rivers that caused shoaling because of the loss of the great quantity of water discharged by the rivers, which he accurately calculated. His analytical approach was dismissive of the comprehensive knowledge and complex methods that Venetian water experts and engineers had developed towards a systemic understanding of the hydrogeology and the environment of the lagoon with the active involvement of citizens and fishermen in the assessment of the state of the waters.
The Lexical Approach to the Taxonomy of Emotions
Authors: Macheta Krystian , Gorbaniuk Oleg
Published: November 2020

Pierwsze próby klasyfikacji emocji zostały podjęte jeszcze przed wyodrębnieniem psychologii jako nauki. Na przestrzeni wieków, ze szczególną intensyfikacją w ciągu ostatnich 50 lat, naukowcy podejmowali się prób osiągnięcia konsensusu w taksonomii emocji, jednakże – jak do tej pory – nieskutecznie. Pomimo względnej zgodności w podziale emocji na podstawowe oraz złożone nie osiągnięto porozumienia w zakresie kryteriów, jakie powinny stać się podstawą takiego podziału. Doprowadziło to do znaczącej rozbieżności w dotychczas opublikowanych wykazach emocji uznanych za podstawowe. Kolejne, coraz bardziej szczegółowe próby taksonomii emocji również nie doprowadziły do rozwiązania, które może zostać uznane za konsensus. W artykule omówiono wybrane sposoby klasyfikacji emocji oraz zaprezentowano alternatywną drogę w taksonomii emocji, traktując je jako różnice indywidualne w myśl podejścia ewolucyjnego. Potencjał taksonomiczny podejścia leksykalnego w systematyzacji różnic indywidualnych jeszcze nie został wykorzystany w obszarze klasyfikacji emocji, mimo że pozwolił osiągnąć względny konsensus w taksonomii cech osobowości. W artykule przedyskutowano najważniejsze problemy do rozwiązania, aby identyfikacja kulturowo uniwersalnych emocji na bazie języków naturalnych była możliwa.