bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELACIONAMENTOS ENTRE MICROEMPREENDEDORES DE UM CONDOMÍNIO RESIDENCIAL EM MOMENTO DE COVID-19: uma análise sob o enfoque das redes sociais
Authors: DOS SANTOS AGNALDO ANTONIO , Ferreira João Cesar de Souza , FARINA MILTON CARLOS , CRISPIM SERGIO FELICIANO
Published: January 2023

A Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS) pode ser aplicada como ferramenta para a compreensão das relações e conexões, se na rede há realização de trocas de negócios como ofertantes e compradores entre os integrantes do grupo de microempreendedores. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a rede de interações de um grupo de microempreendedores de um condomínio residencial paulistano em tempos de COVID-19, com sustentação na abordagem teórica de análise de redes sociais. O artigo estuda a adoção de análise de redes sociais em negócios de microempreendedores, pouco explorados sobre o tema de forma integrada.
Projeto / metodologia / abordagem: Estudo descritivo e exploratório com análise em profundidade pelo uso de técnicas de análise de redes sociais, complementada pela análise de regressão simples.
Constatações: Verificou-se que o objetivo do estudo foi analisar a rede de interações de um grupo de microempreendedores de um condomínio residencial paulistano em tempos de Covid-19, com sustentação na abordagem teórica de análise de redes sociais. Conforme os dados obtidos, no grupo de microempreendedores é possível identificar que há um relacionamento muito forte entre os atores da rede, com poucos atores tipo hub, ampliando a troca de informações dentro da rede, como se esperava no objetivo deste artigo
CAPACIDADES ESTATAIS E INFLUECIADORES DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS: um estudo no Instituto Federal da Bahia
Authors: Amaral Denise , Moscon Daniela , Silva Lindomar Pinto
Published: January 2023

Este artigo analisa os fatores que influenciam a implementação da Política de Atenção à Saúde e Segurança do Trabalho do Servidor Público Federal – PASS no Instituto Federal de Educação da Bahia – IFBA. Os conceitos de Políticas Públicas, e sua fase de implementação foram usados. É um trabalho com abordagem quantitativa, usando regressão múltipla a uma amostra de 346 questionários respondidos, obtidos entre os meses de agosto e setembro de 2018. Os resultados apontam que a PASS não está efetivamente implementada, evidenciada pela falta de conhecimento dos servidores sobre ela e baixa participação deles nas ações desenvolvidas. Indicam também que os fatores variáveis contextuais, cultura organizacional, organização do aparato administrativo e recursos disponíveis são os que se relacionam com a eficácia no processo de implementação da política estudada.
Trichoderma inoculants and straw compost improved resilience and yield in Cu-contaminated rice paddies
Authors: Cuevas Virginia , Banaay Charina Gracia
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Cuevas VC, Banaay CGB. 2022. Trichoderma inoculants and straw compost improved resilience and yield in Cu-contaminated rice paddies. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 1-9. Rice paddies in Marinduque, Philippines, are copper-contaminated from tailings of two mining companies formerly operating in the province. At present, paddy-soil copper concentration ranges from 22-386 mg kg-1. Crops suffer from copper toxicity and water stress due to climate-related events. The field study was conducted to investigate the ability of in situ composted rice straw and Trichoderma microbial inoculant (TMI) to mitigate rice productivity constraints. In treated set-ups, rice straw was scattered on the paddy after harvest. Triple 14 mineral fertilizer was mixed with Trichoderma compost activator, broadcasted over the straws, and subsequently incorporated into the soil during land preparation. Rice seeds were TMI-coated before sowing. Rice straw composting was not done in control set-ups, and seeds were uncoated. Mineral fertilizers were applied to both set-ups. Furthermore, set-ups were categorized based on soil Cu content, such as normal, moderate, and high. Four replicates were made per season and category. In treated paddies, rice leaves did not show yellowing, indicating adequate N mineralization and plant uptake. The difference in yield was significantly higher (81%) in treated paddies compared to control. During severe drought conditions, the mean yield in treated paddies was 1.8 t ha-1, while that of control paddies was zero. The yield was significantly correlated with K inputs mainly by compost in treated paddies. The application of rice straw compost and Trichoderma inoculants can be an adaptive strategy for climate change resilience and mitigation of copper toxicity in crops.
Synthesis of novel polymer quaternary ammonium salt derived from glucose as a phase transfer catalyst
Authors: ALRUBAIE IHSAN , SALIM AHMED THAMER , MAJEED MOHAUMAN MOHAMMAD , RADHI ALI JABBAR
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Alrubaie I, Salim AT, Majeed MM, Radhi AJ. 2022. Synthesis of novel polymer quaternary ammonium salt derived from glucose as a phase transfer catalyst. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 25-33. Some new polymer containing quaternary ammonium salts based-carbohydrate starting from methyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-glucopyranoside have been prepared. The ammonium groups are connected to the glucose structure in various positions (2 and 3). Our synthesis used methyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-glucopyranoside through nucleophilic reagents to produce the main intermediates. The monomer glucose- quaternary ammonium salts are immobilized on the polyvinyl azide to give the final structure of the Polymer-Supported quaternary ammonium salts. In certain new kinds of phase transfer catalysts, the effectiveness of the polymer glucose-quaternary ammonium salts was tested in the Williamson etherification. The ether synthesis is a typical example of using a phase transfer catalyst. The reactions were performed in a liquid-liquid two-phase system, applying a mixture of toluene and 50% solution of aqueous sodium hydroxide in the presence of a 20 mg/mmol catalyst (compound 9). Compared to other derivatives, the reaction of 4-nitrophenol with dibromoethylene gives the highest yields. On the other hand, compound 9 with the C16 chain gives high activity in the phase transfer catalyst.
Agronomic diversity of several soybean putative mutant lines resulting from gamma-rays irradiation in M6 generation
Authors: NILAHAYATI NILAHAYATI , NAZIMAH NAZIMAH , HANDAYANI RD. SELVY , SYAHPUTRA JAKA , RIZKY MUHAMMAD
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Nilahayati, Nazimah, Handayani RDS, Syahputra J, Rizky M. 2022. Agronomic diversity of several soybean putative mutant lines resulting from gamma-rays irradiation in M6 generation. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 34-39. Soybean is one of the foremost commodities for Indonesian people. Therefore, increasing domestic production absolutely must continue to be pursued. One way that can be done is to use the assembly technology of new superior varieties with better and adaptive properties. This study aims to determine the agronomic diversity and yield of soybean putative mutant lines resulting from gamma irradiation in M6 ??generation. The research was conducted in Paloh Lada Village, Dewantara District, Aceh Utara Regency, Indonesia, from July 2021 to October 2021. The tested genotypes consisted of 8 genotypes, namely Kipas Putih variety (parent variety), Anjasmoro variety (comparison variety), M.1.1.3, M.5.2.1, M.5.2.3, M.1.1.8, M.1.1.9 and M.1.1.17 mutant lines. The results showed that the agronomic diversity of the tested mutants was different compared with the parents and comparison variety. We obtained early maturity and high yielding mutant in M7 ??generation. The mutant lines with high yield and equivalent to its parents was M.1.1.8 with a production of 4.37 tha-1. Mutant lines with early maturity were M.1.1.9, M.5.2.1 and M.1.1.3 lines with a harvesting age of 83 days after planting (DAP).
Prevalence of b-lactamase produced in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae isolated from gingivitis in Al-Najaf Province, Iraq
Authors: MOTAWEQ ZAHRAA YOSIF
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Motaweq ZY. 2022. Prevalence of ?-lactamase produced in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae isolated from gingivitis in Al-Najaf Province, Iraq. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 78-83. This study provides phenotypic and genotypic ?-lactamase formation data on 26 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae isolated from patients suffering from gingivitis checked at Al-Kafeel clinic and private clinic in Al-Najaf Province-Iraq during the period from September 2020 to February 2021. In this study, some of them were detected by traditional phenotypic methods, while others were detected by phenotypic and then genotypically by using monoplex-PCR technique. The results revealed that out of 14 ?-lactam resistance K. pneumoniae isolates, 8 isolates (57.1%) gave positive results with the direct capillary tubes method, while 12 ?-lactam resistance E. cloacae gave 6 (50%) positive results. This result indicated that the enzymatic resistance was prevalent among isolates. Furthermore, the results showed that most isolates were ESBL producers according to initial and confirmatory methods. Molecular amplification of the ?-lactamase enzyme blaSHV gene was detected in 8 (57.1%) and 5 (41.6%) for K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae, respectively. While all 100% of K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae isolates gave negative results for blaGES gene. This study aimed to investigate the ?-lactamase formation and detection of blaSHV and blaGES genes in K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae isolated from gingivitis diseases.
Yield performances of rice varieties (Oryza sativa) under nano-CuO and nano-ZnO micronutrient fertilizers
Authors: SANDANAYAKE CHAMODI LAKMINI THISERA , WEERAKOON SHYAMA RANJANI , KARTHIKEYAN NAVARATNASAMY , SOMARATNE SENEVIRATNE
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Sandanayake CLT, Weerakoon SR, Karthikeyan N, Somaratne S. 2022. Yield performances of rice varieties (Oryza sativa) under nano-CuO and nano-ZnO micronutrient fertilizers. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 95-103. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major staple food in the world. There is an extreme need for higher rice yield to meet the ever-increasing demand with the rise in population despite the hampering impact of climatic changes. Nanotechnology plays a potential role in food security and introduces nano fertilizers as an alternative to conventional fertilizers. Therefore, the present research was carried out to determine the effects of nano micronutrient fertilizers; nano-CuO, and nano-ZnO on the yield of selected rice varieties, Bg360, BW364, Kaluheenati, and Kuruluthuda. Sol-gel and thermal decomposition methods synthesized nano-fertilizers used in the study. Nano-ZnO, nano-CuO, and nano-CuO-ZnO composite treatments were applied as a foliar spray at concentrations of 30 mg L-1 (T1), 60 mg L-1 (T2), and 120 mg L-1 (T3) and double deionized water served as the control (T0). The synthesized nano-fertilizers were applied during the growth stage [at 48-58 days after sowing (DAS)] and grain filling stage [100-105 DAS], while the plants were provided with appropriate levels of N, P, and K fertilizers, as recommended by Department of Agriculture. A Complete Randomized Block Design was employed with three blocks and five replicates in each block. The Yield parameters were recorded at the harvesting stage. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard error of mean and inferential statistics were performed on the data obtained. ANOVA with interaction terms was performed to assess the significant differences between the treatments. The descriptive analyses show an increase in the yield of the rice varieties under the application of nano-fertilizers. ANOVA suggests a significant effect (p ? 0.05) of nano-CuO and nano-ZnO on the yield of rice varieties used in the study. Both traditional and inbred rice varieties indicated yield response to applied nano-fertilizers.
Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by ethnic people of Gechi District, South West Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: DESALEGN AMARE , EGIGU MESERET C. , SASIKUMAR JAGATHALA MAHALINGAM
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Desalegn A, Egigu MC, Sasikumar JM. 2022. Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by ethnic people of Gechi District, South West Oromia, Ethiopia. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 104-116. This study recorded medicinal plants used by ethnic people of Gechi District, Buno Bedele zone of South West Oromia region, Ethiopia. Data were collected from 386 informants through semi-structured interviews, guided field observations, and focus group discussions. Descriptive statistics and quantitative ethnobotanical indices were used to analyze the data. Moreover, an independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were employed to analyze the effect of Socio-demographic traits on traditional medicinal knowledge. The study documented 70 medicinal plant species belonging to 61 genera and 36 families. The majority of the plants (83.7%) were used to treat human ailments. Asteraceae (7 species) mostly represented the family. Most of the plants collected were shrubs (32.9 %), followed by herbs (25.7%). Leaves (42.3%) represented the highest part for remedy preparation. The dominant route of administration of remedies was Oral (56%). Jaccard’s similarity index (JI) showed a high degree of similarities (JI = 0.75-0.91) among the Kebeles. The highest Informant consensus factor (ICF) value (0.73) was detected for the sensory organs category illnesses. Juniperus procera Hochst. ex. Endl. was observed with the highest fidelity level (FL) index value (0.97) for the wound. The highest preference ranking (PR) was adjudged to Ruta chalepensis L. for stomach ache. Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC. was top-ranked as a multipurpose plant in direct matrix ranking (DR). It was observed that the Traditional Knowledge (TK) of medicinal plants was significantly (P<0.05) influenced by gender, age, and educational level of the people. Therefore, our documentation of TK on medicinal plants possessed by the people of the studied area could help preserve their knowledge for extensive use.
Somatic embryogenesis of the selected intergeneric hybrid between Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda ‘Saint Valentine’: Application of NAA and TDZ
Authors: Dwiati Murni , SUSANTO AGUS HERY , Budisantoso Iman
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Dwiati M, Susanto AH, Budisantoso I. 2022. Somatic embryogenesis of the selected intergeneric hybrid between Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda' Saint Valentine': Application of NAA and TDZ. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 160-165. Intergeneric hybridization between Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda' Saint Valentine' has produced a hybrid seedling with several characters potentially developing into plant individuals with flowers of better performance. Therefore, identical clones of the selected hybrid should be developed into PLBs using an in-vitro culture technique employing somatic embryogenesis supported by the application of plant growth regulators. This study aims to unveil the effect of NAA and TDZ in stimulating the formation of identical clones of the selected intergeneric hybrid between Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda' Saint Valentine'. The experiment was arranged in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) involving two factors, i.e., types of plant growth regulators and the levels of concentrations of each substance. It was found that the combination of NAA and TDZ significantly affected the growth of the identical clones. Furthermore, the combination of NAA 0.5 mgL-1 and TDZ 1.5 mgL-1 resulted in clones that potentially differentiate into PLBs. This finding indicates that NAA and TDZ should be applied appropriately to stimulate somatic embryogenesis in the intergeneric hybrid.
Diversity studies on insect pests of high altitudinal transitional zones of North-western Himalayas
Authors: KUMAR PAWAN , THAKUR TAMANNA SINGH , DEEPIKA DEEPIKA , SHARMA NEHA
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Kumar P, Thakur TS, Deepika, Sharma N. 2022. Diversity studies on insect pests of high altitudinal transitional zones of North-western Himalayas. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 203-210. Class Insecta constitute a major fauna and comprise many species of economic importance. Due to climate change and increase in temperature, many insect species are changing their habitat considerably and shifting their hosts, which leads to changes in the diversity of insect pests at different altitudinal gradients. High altitude forest cover is not large and massive as plains forest cover, but it supports some of the very important economical tree species like- Quercus sp., Himalayan Poplar, Betula sp., Abies pindrow (Royle ex D.Don) Royle, Juniper spp., Birdcherry, Maple, etc. The present study analyzed any change in insect pest incidences and diversity of pest species due to the change in host preferences or climatic patterns. The study was conducted at four selected sites viz. Rohtang area (Kullu Forest Division), Chanshal area (Rohru Forest Division), Sach area (Churah Forest Division), and Indrahar area (Dharamshala Forest Division) of high altitudinal transitional zones of Himachal Pradesh, India, to study insect pest diversity. A total of 32 insect species were recorded during the study period comprised of the insect orders viz., Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Dermaptera, and Lepidoptera. The present investigation led to the finding that species of Coleoptera (beetles) were the most dominant insects attacking trees of the high altitudinal transitional zone, followed by Lepidoptera (Butterflies and moths) and Hemiptera (aphids).
The use of Indole Butyric Acid on the growth of dragon fruit plant stem cuttings
Authors: HERNOSA SISWA PANJANG , TAMPUBOLON SANGGAM DERA ROSA , SIREGAR LUTHFI AZIZ MAHMUD
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Hernosa SP, Tampubolon SDR, Siregar LAM. 2022. The use of Indole Butyric Acid on the growth of dragon fruit plant stem cuttings. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 211-216. The difficulty of root growth of dragon fruit cuttings is affected by stem rot; one way to increase the growth of cuttings is to use a growth regulator, namely Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), which is used to stimulate the growth of dragon fruit rootstock cuttings. This research was conducted in Sidorukun Village, Pangkatan Sub-district, Labuhan Batu District, North Sumatra, Indonesia, at an altitude of ± 40 m above sea level, from June to October 2020. The research design used was a randomized block design with five treatments. The concentration of the IBA hormone consists of B0 : 0 ppm, B1: 4,500 ppm, B2: 5,500 ppm, B3: 6,500 ppm, B4: 7,500 ppm, and five replicates, so the entire experimental plot was 25. Parameters observed were percentage of shoot emergence, age of shoot emergence, shoot length (cm), shoot fresh weight (g), shoot dry weight (g), root length (cm), fresh root weight (g), root volume (g), and root dry weight (g). Data analysis used a linear model followed by Duncan's test. It is known that the administration of Indole butyric acid (IBA) significantly affected the observed parameters on shoot emergence, age of shoot emergence, number of shoots, root length, fresh root weight, root volume, and root dry weight. However, it did not affect the observed parameters, namely, shoot length, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight. On the other hand, B4 concentration (7,500 ppm) gave better shoot growth, root weight, and root dry weight.
Multivariate discrimination of selected taxa of the Fabaceae family
Authors: ABDULRAHMAN MAHMOUD DOGARA
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Abdulrahman MD. 2022. Multivariate discrimination of selected taxa of the Fabaceae family. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 227-232. Nigeria is among the most interesting and diversified countries globally regarding tropical vegetation and medicinal plants. The taxonomy of the Fabaceae family is not entirely clear, to organize species into manageable groups that are helpful for taxonomical, conservational, or pharmacognostic study. This study aimed to discriminate the leaves of Dialium guineense Willd., Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr, Tamarindus indica L, Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile, Abrus precatorius L., Senna occidentalis (L.) Link, Erythrina senegalensis DC. and Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. based on the mineral elements contents coupled with multivariate analysis. Three samples of each wild-growing species were collected. Unsupervised multivariate analysis using SIMCA-P (V.14.1, Umetrics Sweden) was employed. Five model groups were formed based on their mineral element contents. The species were fully discriminated along the PC1, accounting for 39.3% of the variation. Evidence from this study showed that a combination of mineral element analysis and chemometrics yielded a powerful classification method. Taxonomic identification of plants through biological research combined with chemometrics is an excellent method for preventing the adulteration or consumption of plants with excessive contents or harmful ingredients. However, a mix of molecular and developmental datasets is still necessary to explicitly examine their connections.
OS PADRÕES DE DECISÃO DOS GERENTES DE PROJETOS E AS DIMENSÕES DO TRIÂNGULO DE TALENTOS
Authors: Brandão Moisés Luna , Araújo Uajará Pessoa , Sartorelli Isabel Cristina , Campos Rita De Cássia Leal
Published: January 2023

O gerente de projetos (GP) tem um papel importante na tomada de decisão estratégica, pois é responsável por planejar e coordenar as atividades de um projeto de modo a garantir seu êxito. Portanto, é fundamental entender como esses profissionais tomam decisões e se existe um “padrão decisório” ao qual eles são mais inclinados. Este estudo se baseou no Triângulo de Talentos (TT), que propõe três dimensões de competências necessárias para responder às complexidades dos projetos e do mercado. O objetivo foi investigar a relação entre o padrão de decisão de GPs dos setores de Engenharia e TI e suas preferências no que tange às dimensões do TT. Adotou-se a Teoria do Processo Dual modificada (TPD-m) bem como o teste psicométrico DMI (Decision Making Inventory). Os resultados confirmam a preponderância do padrão analítico entre os GPs e apontam, ainda, uma leve inclinação ao vértice estratégico do TT. A discussão enfatiza a tomada de decisão como processo cognitivo no gerenciamento de projetos, estabelecendo uma ponte entre conceitos de mercado e estudos acadêmicos.
INOVAÇÃO X IMITAÇÃO: O USO DE ESTRATÉGIAS COMPETITIVAS NA INDÚSTRIA DA MODA
Authors: Campos Rita De Cássia Leal , Araújo Uajará Pessoa , Antonialli Luiz Marcelo , Leme Paulo Henrique Montagnana Vicente
Published: January 2023

Este artigo teve como objetivo investigar como são delineadas e aplicadas as estratégias de inovação e imitação na indústria da moda para o ganho de competitividade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter descritivo. Foram realizadas sete entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestoras de empresas de moda feminina da cidade de Belo Horizonte. Para analisar os dados, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que há marcas que se baseiam em inovação e diferenciação para se manterem competitivas, mas também é comum o emprego da estratégia imitativa como forma de diminuir custos, riscos e incertezas. Embora pareçam opostas, inovação e imitação são estratégias que, juntas, sustentam o fenômeno da moda. Elas podem inclusive ser combinadas, incorporando elementos que representem desde a identidade da marca até as tendências já lançadas. Além das contribuições teóricas no campo da estratégia, a pesquisa instiga os gestores da moda a refletir sobre o seu posicionamento estratégico no mercado.
Proceso Constituyente en Chile: Continuidades y discontinuidades desde la Consulta Ciudadana de Bachelet a la Convención Constitucional 2021
Authors: Rojas Vilches Natalie Sofía , Medel Ortiz Raúl
Published: January 2023

Los últimos años de Chile han estado marcados por la demanda ciudadana de cambiar su Constitución Política redactada durante la dictadura. Esta investigación utilizó como experiencias para el análisis la Consulta Ciudadana de Michelle Bachelet y el proceso constituyente 2021-2022 para identificar los elementos de continuidad y discontinuidad presentes en ambos intentos.
Mediante la aplicación de entrevistas en profundidad a personas que vivieron ambas instancias de participación ciudadana, se concluye que dichos procesos son complementarios. La Consulta Ciudadana fue la instalación del concepto “Nueva Constitución” con incipientes actividades para vincular a la ciudadanía, mientras que, tras el Estallido Social del año 2019 que dio origen al proceso constituyente 2021-2022 se buscó hacer real la consigna acuñada por la comunidad, a través de la elección de una Convención Constitucional encargada de su redacción.
La funa feminista. Debates activistas frente a las acusaciones públicas de violencias de género.
Authors: Vera gajardo Sandra
Published: January 2023

Las acusaciones públicas como forma de acción política hacia acusados y/o victimarios de violencias de género genera controversias. Este tipo de acciones, nombradas en Chile como funa. convoca a debatir sobre los sentidos de justicia asociados a ella, el carácter colectivo de la misma, las disposiciones punitivistas, la creciente masividad del feminismo y los espacios de desacuerdos y conflicto en él. Se presentan los resultados de una investigación cualitativa en que se entrevistaron a veinticuatro activistas feministas chilenas para conocer sus reflexiones políticas al respecto. Los resultados demuestran profundas reflexiones reconociéndose tensiones entre el logro de haber obtenido mayor escucha social en la instalación pública de los agravios y la posible debilidad del debate en tiempos de masividad del movimiento feminista.
Convención Constitucional y Participación de los Escaños Reservados Mapuche
Authors: Tricot Victor , Bidegain German , Pairican Fernando
Published: January 2023

El proceso constituyente iniciado en el año 2021 en Chile marcó un hito histórico sin precedentes. Entre distintas novedades, destacó la existencia de escaños reservados para representantes indígenas. Teniendo en cuenta lo histórico de la Convención Constitucional, este artículo se concentrará en el análisis de la participación de las y los constituyentes mapuche en este espacio. Esto es de particular relevancia, no sólo por lo histórico que significa para la representación mapuche en instituciones del país, sino además por las transformaciones cualitativas que se pretendían realizar y que implicaban directamente a los pueblos indígenas. El trabajo se basa en la acumulación previa y seguimiento de la participación política institucional mapuche de los autores, en una revisión exhaustiva de la prensa en 2021, en la experiencia directa de uno de los autores como asesor de uno de los escaños reservados y en entrevistas realizadas a informantes calificados
Pueblo Mapuche y COVID-19: la violencia estructural que salta a la vista. Escenario 2021
Authors: Fuenzalida Manuel
Published: January 2023

Esta investigación analiza la evolución de la pandemia en el Wallmapu y si ésta tiende a impactar sanitariamente en territorios más vulnerables. Los datos se extraen del 166° informe epidemiológico de COVID-19 y para el proxy de los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud (DSS) se utilizan 5 variables o indicadores sociales de fuentes oficiales de información vigente. Se utilizó el método k-medias para agrupar los datos. Tras diversas pruebas, fue posible identificar a 4 grupos de municipios de valoración bajo, medio, alto y muy alto impacto sanitario. En los territorios donde las DSS son más negativos o con ausencia del factor protector de la ruralidad explicarían los peores resultados epidemiológicos.
Controlar la insalubridad de la ciudad. El pensamiento médico y los proyectos de saneamiento urbano en Mérida, Yucatán, 1870-1907
Authors: Mena Carrillo Juan José
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el impulso que adquirió el saneamiento urbano de la capital de Yucatán a finales del siglo xix. Se argumenta que una parte de la comunidad médica generó estudios sobre higiene pública que sentaron las bases de los programas de sanidad que tuvieron la intención de transformar el aspecto de Mérida, entre ellas la vigilancia de espacios industriales, la limpieza de espacios públicos y la construcción de un sistema de alcantarillado. El texto presenta los motivos que acompañaron a la creación de la legislación y las instituciones sanitarias en el estado.
Los dilemas del misionero-antropólogo: Wilfrid Barbrooke Grubb en Paraguay (1889-1910)
Authors: Seiguer Paula
Published: January 2023

Este artículo analiza la literatura misionera sobre el anglicano Wilfrid Barbrooke Grubb, enviado por la South American Missionary Society, en su labor pionera entre los indígenas del Chaco paraguayo en los últimos años del siglo xix. Busca rastrear cómo se construyeron especularmente la figura del misionero y la de sus sujetos de misión indígenas y mostrar también aquellos resquicios en donde los estereotipos dan espacio a representaciones algo más frescas de aquel encuentro asimétrico. Además, analiza el impacto de la antropología en el proceso de profesionalización de las misiones protestantes y cómo el diálogo con la academia reconfiguró las maneras en que los misioneros pensaron su relación con los «otros» indígenas. El artículo prueba que este impacto no disminuyó en esta época la alterización de los indígenas.
Ecosofía: una nueva sensibilidad política
Authors: Berti Gabriela
Published: January 2023

Una parte importante del trabajo de Guattari se presenta como un pensamiento ecosófico, engendrador de una filosofía política que se coloca abiertamente en relación con el territorio. Sin embargo, no se trata de un conjunto de ideas verdes sobre la emergencia medioambiental y la crisis del ecosistema global, sino de una mirada crítica sobre las condiciones de sobreexplotación del capitalismo y la aceleración de las mutaciones técnico-científicas, en diferentes niveles.
Planetarnost: el concepto de planetariedad en los discursos sobre terraformación
Authors: Navarro Toni
Published: January 2023

Este artículo pretende aclarar el sentido en el que se utiliza el concepto de planetariedad en los discursos sobre terraformación. Para ello, la primera parte sitúa el término en los actuales debates en torno a lo que se conoce como giro planetario, y que da cuenta de la necesidad de encontrar un marco alternativo a la globalización para abordar los actuales retos -ecológicos, económicos y tecnológicos- en nuestra condición planetaria desde una perspectiva no totalizante ni hegemonizadora. La segunda parte explica en qué sentido la terraformación es un proyecto consistente en componer un modo de planetariedad viable, y cuál es su relación con el giro previamente analizado. El tercer punto aborda una posible contradicción entre la planetariedad (y su insistencia en la particularidad y la diferencia) y la terraformación (al aspirar a una intervención sobre el clima a gran escala), para explorar como posible vía la “tecnodiversidad” propuesta por Yuk Hui en la aplicación de medidas de geoingeniería. Concluimos que, en lugar de reivindicar un legado o tradición cosmotécnica, lo fundamental es lo que determinadas tecnologías revelan sobre el funcionamiento del planeta y cómo esto trastoca nuestras cosmovisiones.
Cartografías cimáticas a través de la ecología acústica de los principales sistemas fluviales de la geografía catalana
Authors: Lega Ferran
Published: January 2023

Esta investigación aborda el concepto de ecología acústica con el objetivo de desarrollar un proyecto artístico que reflexiona sobre la escucha, el ser humano y su relación con el medioambiente, a través del agua como recurso hídrico en el contexto de los principales ecosistemas fluviales de la geografía catalana. Como elementos de origen, se expondrán diferentes proyectos de reconocidos artistas del paisaje sonoro que han abordado la construcción de mapas y cartografías sonoras de diferentes ecosistemas acuáticos de alrededor del mundo. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se han realizado grabaciones acústicas de diferentes ríos y mediante la utilización del método científico experimental, se han desarrollado cartografías visuales a través de fotografías utilizando la ciencia acústica de la cimática. Esto ha permitido hacer visibles los patrones de onda de los paisajes sonoros de cada lugar. Con todo ello se muestra un proyecto inédito que transformará los registros sonoros en cartografías ecoacústicas únicas a modo de huellas o improntas del lugar, conceptualmente similares a la construcción de espectrogramas, pero que en este caso son generadas sobre el propio material de registro.
High-power Nd:YLF four-level lasers with 68% slope efficiency
Authors: Prado Felipe Maia , Franco Tomás Junqueira , de Almeida Vieira Tárcio , Wetter Niklaus Ursus
Published: January 2023

Three laser resonators are demonstrated emitting at 1053 nm and pumped at 797 nm by volume Bragg grating-equipped diodes, achieving the highest reported efficiencies for Nd:YLF in a four-level system, to the best of our knowledge. A peak output power of 880 W is achieved by pumping the crystal with a diode stack of 1.4 kW of peak pump power.
Design and fabrication of Mach–Zehnder interferometers in soda-lime glass for temperature sensing applications
Authors: Tapia-Licona L. A. , Durán-Gómez J. S. S. , Trejo-Liévano E. G. , Vázquez G. V. , Ramírez-Alarcón R. , Soto-Alcaraz M. E. , Castro-Beltrán R.
Published: January 2023

High sensitivity represents one of the main goals that sensing devices need to satisfy for their applications. This work presents to the best of our knowledge the first integrated Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) embedded in soda-lime glass with comparable sensitivity to silicon-on-insulator (SOI) devices. We manufactured the MZIs by the femtosecond direct laser writing (FDLW) technique and characterized them with temperature. Four buried MZIs were manufactured by slightly increasing the optical path due to separation between the arms of the interferometer (

Δ
s

). We achieved a fringe shift of

∼

8

n
m

for an increase of 0.18 µm. We have characterized one of these devices with temperature from 30°C to 70°C obtaining a sensitivity of

∼

28

p
m

/

∘

C

. We improved the sensitivity of the device to

∼

54

p
m

/

∘

C

due to the advantage of the unique three-dimensional (3D) capabilities that FDLW provides, overcoming the characteristically low thermo-optic coefficient of soda-lime glass just by rotating the MZI structure 11°.
Development of an epoxy-based millimeter absorber with expanded polystyrenes and carbon black for an astronomical telescope
Authors: Inoue Yuki , Hasegawa Masaya , Hazumi Masashi , Takada Suguru , Tomaru Takayuki
Published: January 2023

We recently developed and characterized an absorber for millimeter wavelengths. To absorb a millimeter wave efficiently, we had to develop a low reflection and high absorption material. To meet these requirements, we added polystyrene beads in the epoxy for multiscattering in the absorber. The typical diameter of polystyrene beads corresponded to the scale of Mie scattering for photon multiscattering in the absorber. The absorber consists of epoxy, carbon black, and expanded polystyrene beads. The typical size of the expanded polystyrene beads is consistent with the peak of a cross-section of Mie scattering to increase the mean free path in the absorber. By applying this effect, we successfully improved the absorber’s performance. In this paper, we measured the optical property of epoxy to calculate the Mie scattering effect. Based on the calculation results, we developed eight types of samples by changing the ratio in the absorber material. To compare the eight samples, we characterized the reflectance and transmittance of the absorber in a millimeter wavelength. The measured reflectance and transmittance of a 2 mm thick sample with optimized parameters are, respectively, less than 20% and 10%. We also measured the transmittance in a submillimeter wavelength. The measured transmittance is less than 1%. The shape of absorber can be modified for any shape, such as chip and pyramidal shapes. This absorber can be used to mitigate the stray light of a millimeter wave telescope with any shapes.
Phase defect characterization using generative adversarial networks for extreme ultraviolet lithography
Authors: Zheng Hang , Li Sikun , Cheng Wei , Yuan Shuai , Wang Xiangzhao
Published: January 2023

The multilayer defects of mask blanks in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography may cause severe reflectivity deformation and phase shift. The profile information of a multilayer defect is the key factor for mask defect compensation or repair. This paper introduces an artificial neural network framework to reconstruct the profile parameters of multilayer defects in the EUV mask blanks. With the aerial images of the defective mask blanks obtained at different illumination angles and a series of generative adversarial networks, the method enables a way of multilayer defect characterization with high accuracy.
Classification of quantum correlation using deep learning
Authors: Wu Shi-Bao , Li Zhan-Ming , Gao Jun , Zhou Heng , Wang Chang-Shun , Jin Xian-Min
Published: January 2023

Quantum correlation, as an intrinsic property of quantum mechanics, has been widely employed to test the fundamental physical principles and explore the quantum-enhanced technologies. However, such correlation would be drowned and even destroyed in the conditions of high levels of loss and noise, which drops into the classical realm and renders quantum advantage ineffective. Especially in low light conditions, conventional linear classifiers are unable to extract and distinguish quantum and classical correlations with high accuracy. Here we experimentally demonstrate the classification of quantum correlation using deep learning to meet the challenge in the quantum imaging scheme. We design the convolutional neural network to learn and classify the correlated photons efficiently with only 0.1 signal photons per pixel. We show that decreasing signal intensity further weakens the correlation and makes an accurate linear classification impossible, while the deep learning method has a strong robustness of such task with the accuracy of 99.99%. These results open up a new perspective to optimize the quantum correlation in low light conditions, representing a step towards diverse applications in quantum-enhanced measurement scenarios, such as super-resolution microscope, quantum illumination, etc.
Parallel Fourier ptychographic microscopy reconstruction method based on FPGA
Authors: Zhao Hongyang , Hui Wangwei , Ye Qing , Huang Kaicheng , Shi Qiushuai , Tian Jianguo , Zhou Wenyuan
Published: January 2023

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) can bypass the limitation of spatial bandwidth product to get images with large field-of-view and high resolution. The complicated sequential iterative calculation in the FPM reconstruction process reduces the reconstruction efficiency of the FPM. Therefore, we propose a parallel FPM reconstruction method based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) to accelerate the FPM reconstruction process. Using this method, multiple sub-regions in the Fourier domain can be computed in parallel and we customize a dedicated high-performance computational architecture for this approach. We deploy 4 FPM reconstruct computing architectures with a parallelism of 4 in a FPGA to compute the FPM reconstruction process, achieving the speed nearly 180 times faster than traditional methods. The proposed method provides a new perspective of parallel computing for FPM reconstruction.
Reset-free adaptive polarization controller on a silicon-photonic platform for a self-coherent communication system
Authors: Wang Xuefeng , Zeng Yifan , Liao Ruolin , Zhao Can , Tang Ming
Published: January 2023

To give full play to the advantages of the self-coherent systems in the data center scene, the problem of the random walk of the polarization state of the delivered local oscillator must be solved. An adaptive polarization controller (APC) is an effective solution, with the characteristics of easy integration, low complexity, being reset-free, and so on. In this work, we experimentally demonstrated an endlessly APC based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer on a silicon-photonic integrated circuit. The APC is thermally tuned with only two control electrodes. It endlessly stabilizes the arbitrary state of polarization (SOP) of the light to a state of equal power of the two orthogonal polarizations (X and Y). A polarization tracking speed of up to 800 rad/s is achieved.
Editorial
Authors: Burke Frank
Published: January 2023

2020 was the centennial anniversary not just of Federico Fellini, but of fellow Romagnol Tonino Guerra, whose name is often associated with Fellini but who has been significantly underappreciated in Italian film scholarship. This Special Issue of the Journal of Italian Cinema & Media Studies (JICMS) seeks to help redress the lack of attention given to Guerra work. He is best known in the English-speaking world for his screenwriting, especially with Michelangelo Antonioni and Fellini, and since JICMS is a film journal, the issue centres on his film work while also contextualizing it in terms of his importance as novelist, fabulist, poet and visual and installation artist. Special attention is paid to Guerra’s ecological sensibility and his fusing of local and global in a profound sense of place that is evident not only in his later artwork but in the films for which he wrote.
L’immagine del burattino: Percorsi fra teatro, letteratura e cinema, Federico Pacchioni (2020)
Authors: Lottini Irene
Published: January 2023

Review of: L’immagine del burattino: Percorsi fra teatro, letteratura e cinema, Federico Pacchioni (2020)

Pesaro: Metauro, 164 pp.,

ISBN 978-8-86156-160-1, p/bk, €22.00
Femmes fatales, saints, empowered women: Female biopics in Italian public television
Authors: Buonanno Milly
Published: January 2023

Joining the current scholarly dialogue between biopic studies and gender/feminist/media studies, this work is meant to retrace the evolution of gender politics as expressed in the biographical genre which has played the role of the mainstay of domestic television drama since the origin of Italian broadcasting. Through a historical perspective that aims to track continuity and change over time, this work places a major focus on the 2000s, during which time women’s biographies experienced considerable growth on Italian television and more importantly began to replace traditional figures of saints and femmes fatales with female professionals in positions of leadership (journalists, politicians, entrepreneurs, scientists and artists). Based on the examination of several biopics and the close analysis of the most watched recent biopic about an ‘empowered woman’ (Luisa Spagnoli [2016]), this article seeks to explore whether the new wave of female biopics breaks crystallized generic conventions and foregrounds new representational strategies influenced by feminism or post-feminism.
Structure and agency in the career of a female pioneer in Italian journalism: A conversation with Anna Maria Mori
Authors: Buonanno Milly
Published: January 2023

This conversation with Anna Maria Mori aims to reconstruct, through the testimony and the memories of a prominent pioneer of women’s journalism, the feminization of news making practices and cultures in Italy. From a twenty-first century perspective, the interview will retrace the evolution of women’s access to careers in Italian journalism, bringing to light the undeniable progress and the persistent areas of criticality, the asymmetries between the increasing presence and visibility gained by women journalists and their enduring underrepresentation when it comes to leadership positions in the newsroom. Having covered many different roles during her long career, which has developed through the daily press, women’s magazines, radio and television, Mori is the ideal interlocutor for the specific intent of this interview.
‘Meine Heimat ist der Wagen’: Negotiation of mobility and settledness in two German post-war musicals
Authors: Stahrenberg Carolin
Published: January 2023

Persecution and expulsion due to Nazi terror and the Second World War led to massive population shifts within Europe. First was the mass exodus from the German Reich, as a result of racist and political persecution. Then, after the end of the war, millions of German refugees and up to 12 million displaced persons – former forced labourers and foreign concentration camp prisoners – had to find new homes or be repatriated. These movements led to the discursive negotiation of wandering, mobility and settledness in German language musical theatre of the 1950s. This article analyses such relations by looking at the musicals Feuerwerk (1950) and Katharina Knie (1957) and focusing on their structures, receptions and evolutions; in both cases, special attention is paid to the dream ballets. Both musicals (at that time referred to as ‘musical comedies’ or ‘musical folk plays’) premiered at Munich’s Gärtnerplatztheater and, as part of their plots, thematize the nomadic life of circus people opposed to a settled existence.
La educación emocional: prácticas y discursos de subjetivación
Authors: Bornhauser Niklas , Garay Rivera José Miguel
Published: January 2023

La educación, más que un proceso anónimo, impersonal y monolítico, es un proceso heterogéneo y sobredeterminado en donde el educando se construye a sí mismo a partir de diversos procesos de subjetivación. El propósito de este ensayo es discutir críticamente los alcances de la noción de subjetivación a la luz de la introducción de la educación emocional en el contexto escolar chileno. Sostenemos que se trata no solo de un discurso normativo y exterior (equivalente a una tecnología de poder), sino también de una eficaz herramienta de autocontrol (tecnología del yo) que modela la emocionalidad de los educandos comprometiéndolos en un particular trabajo sobre sí mismos. Así, desde una perspectiva genealógica, la educación emocional puede ser examinada como una operacionalización institucionalizada y teóricamente legitimada para la instauración de un orden establecido, mediante la adquisición de determinadas competencias útiles no solo para que los sujetos sostengan y se adapten a dicho orden, sino también para que lo reproduzcan (optimismo, resiliencia, tolerancia a la frustración, flexibilidad, entre otras.). Como conclusión, se subraya la importancia de pensar la educación no como una operación concreta, racional, que se aplica a un objeto prefigurado (el educando), sino como un devenir articulado complejo, compuesto por distintos vectores, entre ellos los procesos de subjetivación que se dan en su interior. A partir de esta distinción, la educación emocional revela su aspecto jánico, pudiendo encontrarse, por un lado, al servicio de la emancipación del orden establecido, apuntando al ideal moderno de un ciudadano reflexivo y soberano y, por el otro, contribuyendo precisamente a la sujeción y al sometimiento de los educandos a través de determinadas prácticas materializadas en el dispositivo educativo.