bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Climate on Sandflies and Leishmaniasis in Endemic Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md Fashiur , Banu Selina , Alam Md Jahangir , Uddin Md Jalal , Sarker Md Abu Sayeed , Sanjoba Chizu , Shamimara Mosammat , Hossain Mohammad Mosharraf , Alim Md Abdul , Matsumoto Yoshitsugu , Rahman Md Bahanur
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Climate includes rainfall, temperature; humidity has shown significant influences on Leishmaniasis and development of sand flies. Kala-azar- a climate-sensitive disease, a public health problem and historically endemic in Bangladesh, nurtured in temperatures ranging from 7 to 37°C, with relative humidity above 70%. Longevity and survival of vector of Kala-azar has been geographically controlled by the climate which is hard to manoeuver.

Objective:To observe the relationship of climate and its effects on the development of sand flies and Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in the endemic areas in Bangladesh.

Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at the endemic areas of, Bangladesh during the period of 2014-2017. Information on climate like rainfall, humidity and temperature were collected from local respective Upazilla Live Stock Office and Bangladesh Meteorological Department, Agargaon, Dhaka. Month wise data of Kala-azar cases were collected from Directorate General of Health Services.

Results: Temperature, Rainfall and Humidity are important for survivability and activity of sandfly as well asleishmaniasis. Mean temp at the study areas was found at around 20℃ in the month of Jan, Feb and Nov, Dec. Round the year the Maximum and Minimum temp was maintained at neither to high nor to low (between 7 to 36.5℃). Annual average humidity of these study area was found over 70%. In the study areas maximum rainfall 300to 500 mm was from May to Sep where peak was in Jun to Sep. Annual average rainfall was recorded 1434 to 1584 mm at Pabna and 2084 to 2182 mm at Mymensingh. Study findings correlated that rainfall may or may not have effects with sand fly and leishmaniasis. This study depicted distinct peaks of Leishmaniasis seen in pre monsoon Feb, monsoon Sep and post monsoon Nov period which dictated the plethora of sand fly from Jun to Oct and also from Jan to Feb.

Conclusion: Manoeuvring the climate is difficult and it does not change each year, it will play its own role. We can manoeuver the harbour and the vector of leishmaniasis.Within this climatic condition National Kala-azar Elimination Programme has been fighting since 2008 but Kala-azar has not come to Zero. Further resurgence can it be outweigh?

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14(1) 2018: 10-14
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors among Border Guard Bangladesh Personnel
Authors: Wahab Md Abdul , Rahman Md Mustafizur , Razzak Md Abdur , Rahman Md Habibur , Zafreen Farzana
Published: February 2020

Introduction: The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is rapidly increasing at an alarming rate worldwide and is currently considered as the leading cause of death. List of both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for CVDs are long and no particular group of people is immune from it.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of CVDs risk factors among the Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) personnel.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2017 among 1225 BGB personnel aged over forty years and working in Chattogram Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh. Respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, health history and physical activities were collected in a pre-tested questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP), anthropometric and laboratory parameters were measured and categorized as per the standard procedure.

Results: Study subjects’ positive family history of hypertension (HTN), ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus and bronchial asthma was 9.6%, 1.8%, 7.9% and 14.2% and positive personal history was 11.5%, 2.5%, 9.7% and 5.6% respectively. A positive history of smoking, using Jorda, Gull and extra salt was 20.4%, 8.9%, 3.5% and 16.3% respectively. Among the respondents by systolic BP; elevated BP, stage1 and stage2 HTN was found 41.5%, 17.6% and 5.7% and by diastolic BP it was 20.9%, 10.3% and 6.8% respectively. Nutritional status by body mass index was; obese 1.2% and overweight 52.5% but by waist-hip ratio only 1.7% was obese. Diabetic and pre-diabetic by ‘Fasting plasma glucose’ was 7.5% and 16% in contrary to ‘Oral glucose tolerance test’ was 8.7% and 17.5% subjects respectively. Very high, high and borderline high total cholesterol was found among 5.5%, 15.1% and 37.8%; triacylglycerol was 2.2%, 32.7% and 29.6% and LDL-cholesterol was 6.5%, 8.5% and 22.7% respondents respectively. HDL-cholesterol was found low in 12.9% study subjects.

Conclusion: High prevalence of both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors of CVDs was found among BGB members. Targeted interventions are needed to reduce modifiable risk factors and prevent CVDs.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14(1) 2018: 29-32
Morality, Normativity, and the Good System 2 Fallacy
Authors: De Neys Wim
Published: February 2020

In this commentary, I warn against a possible dual process misconception that might lead people to conclude that utilitarian judgments are normatively correct. I clarify how the misconception builds on (1) the association between System 2 and normativity in the dual process literature on logical/probabilistic reasoning, and (2) the classification of utilitarian judgments as resulting from System 2 processing in the dual process model of moral reasoning. I present theoretical and empirical evidence against both premises.
İlk Dönem Tasavvuf Klasiklerinde Zühd Kavramı Üzerine
Authors: YALÇINKAYA Arzu Eylül
Published: February 2020

Bu makalede ilk dönem tasavvuf klasiklerinde zühd kavramı üzerinde durulacaktır. Zühd kavramı sözlükte terk etmek ve yüz çevirmek gibi anlamlara gelirken tasavvuf ıstılâhında dünyadan yüz çevirmek ve nefsi mâsivâya yönelik ilgi ve sevgiden kurtarmak manasında kullanılmaktadır. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm ve sünnet zühdü tavsiye etmektedir. Hz. Peygamber’in hayatı zühd örnekleri ile dolu olduğu gibi konu ile ilgili birçok hadisi de bulunmaktadır. Bu konudaki hadislerin derlenmesi neticesinde kitâbü’z-zühd adı verilen eser türü ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu eserlerde zühd kavramı, manevi hayatın nihai hedefi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Sonrasında, sufi müellifler tasavvuf alanındaki ilk eserlerde zühd kavramına yer vermişlerdir. Ancak bu eserlerde zühd, mânevi yolculuğun son derecesi değil ancak seyrü sülûkün başlangıç mertebesi olarak ele alınmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Kur’an ve sünnet kaynaklı zühdün esaslarının sağlam bir şekilde tespit edilerek doğu ve batı kaynaklı mistik hareketlerden farklarının ortaya konulması önemli olduğu kadar, doğuş dönemi zühd ekollerinin ve tasavvuf klasiklerindeki zühd bölümlerinin incelenmesi de anlamıdır. Bu makalede ilk dönem tasavvuf klasiklerinde zühd kavramı incelenecektir. Böyle bir çalışma, zühd hareketinin tasavvuf ilmine kaynak teşkil ettiğini göstermesi ve zühdün tasavvufi yaşantıdaki fonksiyonunu anlamaya katkı sağlaması bakımından önemlidir.
Pembiayaan KPR-iB Dengan Akad Murabahah Pada Unit Usaha Syariah (Bank Pembangunan Daerah di Jakarta)
Authors: Kharis Umardani Mohamad
Published: February 2020

Bank syariah merupakan lembaga keuangan yang dikelola dengan nilai-nilai dasar syariah, baik berupa prinsip maupun aplikasinya. Awal pendirian perbankan syariah sebagai alternatif terhadap perbankan konvensional yang berbasis bunga. Ia dibangun atas dasar prinsip profit and loss sharing (bagi-hasil) karena ia dianggap konsep yang lebih berkeadilan. Produk bagi-hasil tersebut adalah mudarabah dan musyarakah. Namun produk tersebut tidak begitu diminati oleh perbankan syariah, karena sistem bagi-hasil memiliki prosedur yang rumit, karena perbankan dituntut aktif dan terlibat terhadap usaha nasabah. Sekian banyak produk perbankan syariah, kredit kepemilikan rumah KPR-iB adalah salah satu produk favorit dan digemari masarakat yang menggunakan sistem berbasis jual beli (murabahah). Murabahah adalah jual-beli barang pada harga asal dengan tambahan keuntungan yang sudah disepakati. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitis dengan metode pendekatan normatif empiris karena dalam penelitian ini bertolak dari aspek-aspek normatif yaitu prinsip nilai yang mengatur murabahah, khususnya berkaitan dengan KPR-iB. Hasil dari penelitian didapatkan bahwa pelaksanaan murabahah KPR-iB pada Unit Usaha Syariah BPD-di Jakarta adalah dengan akad murabahah bil wakalah, bisa dikatakan tidak memenuhi syarat dari jual beli murabahah. Bahwa dalam penerapannya melanggar beberapa prinsip murabahah dari segi kepemilikan barang (milkiyah).
Fredrik Pacius ja Porthanin perintö: kantaatti Henrik Gabriel Porthan (1860)
Authors: Salmi Hannu
Published: February 2020

Artikkeli valaisee Fredrik Cygnaeuksen kirjoittamaa ja Fredrik Paciuksen säveltämää kantaattia Henrik Gabriel Porthan, joka sai kantaesityksensä keväällä 1860. Artikkelin tavoitteena on selvittää unohdetun sävellyksen syntyä, sen tulkintaa Porthanista sekä teoksen vastaanoton historiaa.
Baclofen Reversed Thermal Place Preference in Rats With Chronic Constriction Injury
Authors: SALTE K. , LEA G. , FRANEK M. , VACULIN S.
Published: February 2020

Chronic constriction injury to the sciatic nerve was used as an animal model of neuropathic pain. Instead of frequently used reflex-based tests we used an operant thermal place preference test to evaluate signs of neuropathic pain and the effect of baclofen administration in rats with neuropathy. Chronic constriction injury was induced by four loose ligations of the sciatic nerve. Thermal place preference (45 °C vs. 22 °C and 45 °C vs. 11 °C) was measured after the ligation and after the administration of baclofen in sham and experimental rats. Rats with the chronic constriction injury spent significantly less time on the colder plate compared to sham operated animals at the combination 45 °C vs. 11 °C. After administration of baclofen (10 mg/kg s.c.), the aversion to the colder plate in rats with chronic constriction injury disappeared. At the combination 45 °C vs. 22 °C, no difference in time spent on colder and/or warmer plate was found between sham and experimental animals. These findings show the importance of cold allodynia evaluation in rats with chronic constriction injury and the effectiveness of baclofen in this neuropathic pain model.
Reduction in the Amplitude of Shortening and Ca2+ Transient by Phlorizin and Quercetin-3-O-Glucoside in Ventricular Myocytes From Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: HAMOUDA N. N. , QURESHI M. A. , ALKAABI J. M. , OZ M. , HOWARTH F. C.
Published: February 2020

Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Phlorizin (PHLOR) and quercetin-3-O-glucoside (QUER-3-G) are two natural compounds reported to have antidiabetic properties by inhibiting sodium/glucose transporters. Their effects on ventricular myocyte shortening and intracellular Ca2+ in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Video edge detection and fluorescence photometry were used to measure ventricular myocyte shortening and intracellular Ca2+, respectively. Blood glucose in STZ rats was 4-fold higher (469.64±22.23 mg/dl, n=14) than in Controls (104.06±3.36 mg/dl, n=16). The amplitude of shortening was reduced by PHLOR in STZ (84.76±2.91 %, n=20) and Control (83.72±2.65 %, n=23) myocytes, and by QUER-3-G in STZ (79.12±2.28 %, n=20) and Control (76.69±1.92 %, n=30) myocytes. The amplitude of intracellular Ca2+ was also reduced by PHLOR in STZ (82.37±3.16 %, n=16) and Control (73.94±5.22 %, n=21) myocytes, and by QUER-3-G in STZ (73.62±5.83 %, n=18) and Control (78.32±3.54 %, n=41) myocytes. Myofilament sensitivity to Ca2+ was not significantly altered by PHLOR; however, it was reduced by QUER-3-G modestly in STZ myocytes and significantly in Controls. PHLOR and QUER-3-G did not significantly alter sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ in STZ or Control myocytes. Altered mechanisms of Ca2+ transport partly underlie PHLOR and QUER-3-G negative inotropic effects in ventricular myocytes from STZ and Control rats.
Biomarkers of Cellular Apoptosis and Necrosis in Donor Myocardium Are Not Predictive of Primary Graft Dysfunction
Authors: SZARSZOI O. , BESIK J. , SMETANA M. , MALY J. , URBAN M. , MALUSKOVA J. , LODEREROVA A. , HOSKOVA L. , TUCANOVA Z. , PIRK J. , NETUKA I.
Published: February 2020

Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a life-threatening complication among heart transplant recipients and a major cause of early mortality. Although the pathogenesis of PGD is still unclear, ischemia/reperfusion injury has been identified as a predominant factor. Both necrosis and apoptosis contribute to the loss of cardiomyocytes during ischemia/reperfusion injury, and this loss of cells can ultimately lead to PGD. The aim of our prospective study was to find out whether cell death, necrosis and apoptosis markers present in the donor myocardium can predict PGD. The prospective study involved 64 consecutive patients who underwent orthotopic heart transplantation at our institute between September 2010 and January 2013. High-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) as a marker of minor myocardial necrosis was detected from arterial blood samples before the donor’s pericardium was opened. Apoptosis (caspase-3, active + pro-caspase-3, bcl-2, TUNEL) was assessed from bioptic samples taken from the right ventricle prior graft harvesting. In our study, 14 % of transplant recipients developed PGD classified according to the standardized definition proposed by the ISHLT Working Group. We did not find differences between the groups in regard to hs-cTnT serum levels. The mean hs-cTnT value for the PGD group was 57.4±22.9 ng/l, compared to 68.4±10.8 ng/l in the group without PGD. The presence and severity of apoptosis in grafted hearts did not differ between grafts without PGD and hearts that subsequently developed PGD. In conclusion, our findings did not demonstrate any association between measured myocardial cell death, necrosis or apoptosis markers in donor myocardium and PGD in allograft recipients. More detailed investigations of cell death signaling pathways in transplanted hearts are required.
ANALISIS NILAI-NILAI SOSIAL DALAM KUMPULAN CERITA RAKYAT BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Rozie Mulyati
Published: February 2020

Abstrak

Latar belakang penelitian ini untuk memberikan pemahaman terhadap nilai-nilai sosial yang ada dalam kumpulan Cerita Rakyat Bangka Belitung kepada pembaca agar dijadikan rujukan dan mengenalkan kembali cerita rakyat di masa modern ini kepada pembaca. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah nilai-nilai sosial apa saja yang terkandung dalam kumpulan cerita rakyat Bangka Belitung? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai sosial yang terkandung dalam kumpulan cerita rakyat Bangka Belitung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif adalah metode penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan secara utuh dan mendalam tentang realitas sosial dan berbagai fenomena yang terjadi dimasyarakat yang menjadi subjek penelitian sehingga tergambarkan ciri, karakter, sifat, dan model dari fenomena tersebut. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan sosiologi sastra, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis karya. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: 1) Nilai kasih sayang yang terdiri dari: pengabdian, tolong menolong, kekeluargaan, kesetiaan, dan kepedulian. 2) Nilai tanggung jawab yang terdiri dari:rasa memiliki, disiplin, dan empati. 3) Nilai keserasian hidup yang terdiri dari: keadilan, toleransi, kerja sama, dan demokrasi. Buku Cerita Rakyat Bangka Belitung karya Maulana Syamsuri sangat baik untuk dibaca bagi masyarakat, karena di dalam buku ini banyak mengajarkan nilai-nilai sosial yang baik untuk dijadikan contoh.

 

Kata kunci : nilai sosial, cerita rakyat

Abstract

The background of this research is to provide an understanding of social values that are in the collection of the folklore of Bangka Belitung to the reader in order to be used as a reference and reintroduced the folklore in modern times is to the reader. Problems in the research of social values is what is contained in the collection of the folklore of Bangka Belitung? This research aims to know and describe the social values that are contained in the collection of the folklore of Bangka Belitung. The methods used in this research is descriptive qualitative method is a method of research that aims to describe completely and insightful about the social reality and the various phenomena that occurred dimasyarakat which became the subject of the research so that breakfast buffet characteristics, character, nature, and the model of the phenomenon. The approach used is the approach to the sociology of literature, while data analysis techniques using analytical techniques paper. The results of this study are as follows. 1) value of affectionate Devotion: (1), (2) Please help, (3), (4) familial loyalty, and (5) concern. 2) value of responsibility: (1) a sense of belonging, (2) discipline, and (3) empathy. 3) the value of the harmony of life: (1) justice, (2) (3) tolerance, cooperation, and (4) democracy. The book Folktales of Bangka Belitung works of Maulana Syamsuri very good to read for people, because in this book many teach social values are good to be used as an example.
THE EFFECTS OF USSR STRATEGY, METACOGNITIVE STRATEGY, AND READING HABIT ON READING COMPREHENSION ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Syafitri Meity
Published: February 2020

Reading is one of the language skills which has an important role for the people because by reading people can get much information which they need. However, reading is not a simple activity. English reading is still a challenging task for Indonesian students. Therefore, a certain strategy may be used for improving students’ reading achievements. Using the USSR and Metacognitive strategies, this study aimed at improving the students’ reading comprehension achievement and finding out whether or not there was interaction among both strategies and students’ reading habit toward reading comprehension achievement. The population of this study is the tenth graders. Sixty tenth graders were selected as the sample and equally divided into experiment group 1 and experiment group 2. Next, both groups were tested before and after the treatment. Using paired sample t-test statistics, the results showed that the students’ reading comprehension achievement was significantly improved. The result of two way ANOVA showed that there was interaction (0.009).
Critical information literacy: Adult learning and community perspectives
Authors: Irving Catherine J.
Published: February 2020

This article considers the evolution of information literacy as a distinct area of inquiry and instruction in libraries. The influence of critical and feminist pedagogies is paramount for the development of critical approaches to understanding an information landscape that is highly politicized. The definition and practice of information literacy will be described, followed by an exploration of critical approaches that help interrogate how information access and control affect these literacy goals and people’s democratic right to information. Information literacy that is grounded in social justice goals can be strengthened through the collaboration of librarians with other adult educators, community development practitioners, social service providers and activists.
Interconnected literacy practices: exploring classroom work with literature in adult second language education
Authors: Walldén Robert
Published: February 2020

Previously, there has been little research conducted on how teachers and adult second language learners negotiate the challenge of reading authentic novels in the target language. This qualitative classroom study explores literacy practices in adult intermediate second language instruction, involving two teachers and their diverse student groups over four weeks of work with literature. The material has been generated during weekly book discussions, through observations, voice recordings and the collection of texts and other teaching materials. The result shows a strong orientation towards meaning-making, which was scaffolded by the teachers directing attention to language, style and narrative structure. Thus, different kinds of literacy practices were interconnected. Although practices of critical text analysis were not prioritised by the participant teachers, it is shown how the students used their diverse experiences and knowledge to read both ‘with’ and ‘against’ the grain of the text. Implications for teaching and steering documents are discussed.
Editorial: The changing landscapes of literacy and adult education
Authors: Fragoso António , Merrill Barbara , Tett Lyn
Published: February 2020

Not available.
Participação local e meio ambiente: caminhos para o ecoturismo sustentável
Authors: Gonçalves de Lima Carolina , De Melo Conti Diego
Published: February 2020

O meio ambiente passa por uma profunda crise, impactando negativamente em uma série de ecossistemas e biomas, dentre eles a Mata Atlântica. Isso impõe a necessidade de mudanças na forma como os recursos naturais são administrados. De tal modo, a participação local e a colaboração de diversos atores sociais na formulação de ações, estratégias e políticas de sustentabilidade é importante para uma governança ambiental equilibrada.
Conflicto de intereses interinstitucionales en Parques Nacionales y su impacto en el desarrollo del turismo: estudio de caso del Parque Nacional Machalilla (Ecuador)
Authors: Narvaéz Shyla Rocio Orlando
Published: February 2020

Los Parques Nacionales son sitios en donde se concentra tanto el Patrimonio Natural como Cultural de un sitio determinado, el cual mediante su asignación como área protegida logra conservar dicha riqueza. Sin embargo, el turismo ha mostrado en varias ocasiones ser un punto conflictivo sobre la utilización de dicho patrimonio para su propio bien, generando conflictos de interés. El Parque Nacional Machalilla, segundo Parque Nacional más visitado de Ecuador luego del Parque Nacional Galápagos, en el cual, han surgido disputas entre sectores comerciales, gubernamentales, ecológicos y sociales, produciendo efectos negativos al desarrollo del turismo en dicho lugar, actividad que se ha convertido en la principal fuente de ingresos de muchas comunidades locales. Mediante el método descriptivo y el método análisis - síntesis se prevé analizar el efecto de los conflictos de intereses interinstitucionales sobre el turismo. De igual manera, se expondrán estimaciones de cómo se pueden solucionar los actuales problemas, enfocados en tres tipos de escenarios, los cuales deben ser tomados en cuentas para futuras medidas a implementar.
Turismo sustentável: perspectiva socioambiental como geração de valor em empreendimentos hoteleiros de Barreirinhas (MA)
Authors: Câmara Rosélis de Jesus Barbosa , Rocha Reis Raimunda , Neves Lima Rozuila
Published: February 2020

A atividade do turismo representa um fator notável de desenvolvimento econômico e social, uma vez que possui grande capacidade de impacto e é capaz de promover influências em diversos setores e aspectos de um local ou região. O município de Barreirinhas/MA, considerado o principal portão de entrada para o Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses, destaca-se por sua notabilidade turística. Assim, a presente pesquisa teve como propósito investigar a sustentabilidade socioambiental no contexto dos empreendimentos de hospedagem de Barreirinhas/MA, posto que a sustentabilidade influencia fatores relevantes como: a preservação dos atrativos turísticos e dos recursos naturais, o relacionamento com os stakeholders, a redução de custos e a oportunidade de captação de demanda por nichos. Para o estudo, foi utilizado o método de pesquisa de campo, com caráter exploratório e abordagem quali-quantitaiva. A investigação constatou que os empreendimentos de hospedagem de Barreirinhas/MA ainda não atingiram o nível desejado de sustentabilidade. Assim, defende-se a necessidade de se desenvolver uma atividade turística pautada na sustentabilidade, no cuidado com o ecossistema natural e o ambiente social, essenciais ao município.
RELOKASI HIPOSENTER DAERAH SEKITAR PACITAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMULATED ANNEALING
Authors: Palupi Indriati Retno
Published: February 2020

Zona subduksi merupakan salah satu sumber gempa yang ada di Pulau Jawa. Berdasarkan pola penyebaran gunungapi, diketahui zona subduksi di Pulau Jawa semakin curam dari barat ke timur, terutama di Kabupaten Pacitan. Adanya perbedaan sudut zona subduksi ditengarai dapat menjadi penyebab munculnya gempa besar di sekitar Pacitan sehingga diperlukan gambaran pola sebaran sumber gempa bumi (hiposenter). Relokasi hiposenter menjadi penting untuk menempatkan hiposenter mendekati dengan arah pola zona subduksi. Dengan metode simulated annealing, hiposenter terpetakan lebih mendekati dengan pola zona subduksi.
Accuracy of fine needle aspiration compared to core needle biopsy in breast masses
Authors: Moazeni Bistgani Mohammad , Basravi Monem , Taheri Abdolmajid , Taheri Shahla , Kheiri Soleyman
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Breast cancer is one of the main causes of death in women, the early diagnosis of which is made by physical examination, mammography, ultrasound, and biopsy of breast masses. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration (FNA) compared to core needle biopsy (CNB) in breast masses. Methods: The current descriptive study was conducted in Kashani and Hajar hospitals in 2015. And a total of 200 patients diagnosed with breast masses participated in this study. First, patients referred to the clinic, received local anesthesia in the area, and then underwent FNA using 10 cc syringes and 23G needles, and simultaneously CNB specimens were taken by a special needle for diagnosis. FNA and CNB specimens were transferred to the Pathology Department with a few day interval for cytological interpretation. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of FNA compared to CNB in the diagnosis of malignant breast masses were 83.9% and 89.9%, respectively. Moreover, the positive and negative predictive values of FNA for breast masses were 78.8% and 92.5%, respectively. The accuracy of FNA test for breast masses was also 0.88%. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, FNA test had a high sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value in the diagnosis of breast masses. Therefore, it could be used as an appropriate diagnostic tool, and could obviously save many costs as well.
Isolation of Mucorales from biological environment and identification of Rhizopus among the isolates using PCRRFLP
Authors: Madani Mahboobeh , Zia Mohammadali
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Mucorales are fungi belonging to the category of Zygomycetes, found much in nature. Culture-based methods for clinical samples are often negative, difficult and time-consuming and mainly identify isolates to the genus level, and sometimes only as Mucorales. Therefore, applying fast and accurate diagnosis methods such as molecular approaches seems necessary. This study aims at isolating Mucorales for determination of Rhizopus genus between the isolates using molecular methods. Methods: In this descriptive observational study, a total of 500 samples were collected from air and different surfaces and inoculated on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar supplemented with chloramphenicol. Then, the fungi belonging to Mucorales were identified and their pure culture was provided. DNA extraction was done using extraction kit and the chloroform method. After amplification, the samples belonging to Mucorales were identified by observing 830 bp bands. For enzymatic digestion, enzyme BmgB1 was applied for identification of Rhizopus species by formation of 593 and 235 bp segments. Results: One hundred pure colonies belonging to Mucorales were identified using molecular methods and after enzymatic digestion, 21 isolates were determined as Rhizopus species. The sequencing of PCR products and macroscopic and microscopic studies confirmed the existence of R. stolonifera, R. oryzae and R. caespitosus in the samples. Conclusion: Generally, developing a reliable method for determining Zygomycete species can be a useful tool for better understanding of the epidemiology of mucoromycosis.
Effects of different intensities of endurance training on serum fibroblast growth factor level, glucose, and insulin resistance in streptozotocin-diabetic male rats
Authors: Yadollahi Farsani Zahra , Taghian Farzaneh , Banitalebi Ebrahim
Published: February 2020

Background and aims: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a myokine which is produced and secreted by skeletal muscle. Given the inconsistent results on the relationship between the intensity of training and the improvement of blood indices in diabetic patients, the current research investigated the effect of endurance training at different intensities on serum FGF21 level, glucose, and insulin resistance in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic male rats. Methods: To this end, 50 rats (with a mean weight of 23.28±25.05 g) were randomly divided into healthy (non-diabetic) control, diabetic control, as well as low, moderate, and high-intensity endurance training groups. Diabetes was induced in all rats by the injection of STZ. Three days after STZ injection, the blood samples were taken from the cut tip of the tails, and those rats with blood glucose levels above 300 mg/dL were considered diabetic and included in the study. The program included 8-week aerobic training at different intensities. The blood samples (5 cc) were directly collected from the hearts 48 hours after the last training session, followed by measuring the serum FGF21 level, glucose, and insulin. Finally, the analysis of variance and Bonferroni post-hoc test were used for inter-group comparison and the significance level was considered <0.05. Results: Based on the results, the serum glucose level, insulin resistance, and FGF21 reduced after eight weeks of endurance training. The reduction of FGF21 in higher intensity endurance training group was greater compared to the other groups (P<0.05) and the reduction of glucose in moderate intensity group was more significant in comparison to that of the other groups (P<0.001). However, the insulin level increased, which was more pronounced in the moderate intensity training group compared to the other groups (P=0.002). Conclusion: Overall, both moderate and high-intensity endurance training led to a comparatively more effective reduction in blood glucose and insulin resistance. Therefore, these two parameters may have a protective effect on the complications associated with diabetes in the rats.
СВІТОГЛЯДНО-ФІЛОСОФСЬКА ПАРАДИГМА ЯК КОНТЕКСТ ГЕНДЕРНИХ ВІДНОСИН
Authors: Bilosorochka S.
Published: February 2020

Визначається зміст понять “парадигма”, “контекст”, характеризуються основні аспекти світоглядно-філософської парадигми як контексту гендерних відносин. Робиться висновок про доцільність акцентування уваги феміністичних організацій на утвердженні нових принципів та положень.
МЕХАНІЗМИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ЗБАЛАНСОВАНОСТІ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО БУДІВЕЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ
Authors: Ovsak  I.
Published: February 2020

Зазначено, що найбільш працемісткий і відповідальний етап економічного аналізу – інформаційний. Проаналізовано рівень розвитку і збалансованості регіонального будівельного комплексу, що складається з безлічі підприємств. За основу аналізу береться порівняння параметрів будівельних підприємств із найкращими досягненнями окремих підприємств, що забезпечує реальний аналіз рівня розвитку. Зазначається, що під час розроблення стратегічних рішень розвитку підприємств керівництво будівельного підприємства має вирішувати принципово нові завдання.
РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ ПРИНЦИПІВ ДОБРОГО ВРЯДУВАННЯ (GOOD GOVERNANCE) В СИСТЕМІ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ТА АДМІНІСТРУВАННЯ
Authors: Telychkan Yu. 
Published: February 2020

Проаналізовано перехід від державного управління до публічного управління шляхом реалізації принципів доброго врядування (good governance). Відзначено, що для сприяння більш повній реалізації принципів доброго врядування та забезпечення можливості моніторингу стану упровадження їх Радою Європи розроблено та запропоновано: складники принципу (опис діяльності, що забезпечує можливість більш повно реалізувати положення кожного принципу), індикатори (для оцінювання ступеня упровадження складників принципу порівняно з наявними найкращими практиками), опитувальники (для вимірювання значень індикаторів).

Встановлено, що на сьогодні в Європі принципи доброго урядування є основою нової парадигми державного/публічного управління, що увібрала в себе усе найкраще, найбільш результативне від попередніх теоретичних і практичних надбань демократичних реформ у країнах Європи.
ЕЛЕКТРОННЕ УРЯДУВАННЯ ЯК СКЛАДНИК ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ УПРАВЛІННЯ В ПУБЛІЧНОМУ СЕКТОРІ
Authors: Fisenko N.
Published: February 2020

Обґрунтовано розуміння електронного урядування як складника трансформації управління в публічному секторі. Доведено, що розвиток електронного урядування чи упровадження сучасних ІКТ не має бути самоціллю. Наголошено на необхідності створення правових, організаційних та технічних умов, які нададуть взаємодії між органами публічного управління, громадянами та підприємствами легітимності та гарантії.
НАУКОВО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ СУТНОСТІ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНО-БУДІВЕЛЬНИМ КОМПЛЕКСОМ РЕГІОНУ
Authors: Prav Yu.
Published: February 2020

Розглянуто науково-методологічні підходи до визначення сутності державного управління інвестиційно-будівельним комплексом регіону. Проведено аналіз тих, що існують, та запропоновано авторське бачення сутності понять “інвестиції”, “інвестиційний комплекс”, “інвестиційно-будівельна діяльність”, “інвестиційно-будівельна сфера”, “інвестиційно-будівельний комплекс”, “дeржавне упpaвління регіональним інвестиційно-будівельним комплексом”. Визначено, що діяльність інвестиційно-будівельного комплексу можна визначити такими основними напрямами: пpoєктування інвестиційних проектів; виpoбництво будівельних матеріалів і конструкцій; здійснення будівництва об’єктів, споруд та потужностей; фopмування інженерної інфраструктури; фінансування реалізації інвестиційних проектів; зaбезпечення інвестиційних проектів земельними ділянками для будівельних майданчиків.
ДЕРЖАВНЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА РОЗВИТКУ ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ В УМОВАХ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Tereshchenko D.
Published: February 2020

Досліджено роль людського капіталу як чинника інноваційного розвитку національної економіки та обґрунтовано напрями вдосконалення державного управління з метою забезпечення його ефективного формування та розвитку. Доведено, що нові підходи до розуміння державного управління вимагають пошуку оптимального співвідношення дії ринкових регуляторів, державного управління й соціального контролю. Зазначено, що важливим є визначення моделі взаємодії бізнес-структур та органів влади на державному і регіональному рівнях й удосконалення механізмів (державного регулювання, соціального партнерства, самоорганізації, саморегулювання, стимулювання та ін.) реалізації інтелектуального потенціалу людини і інноваційних пріоритетів підприємств, галузей, територій і країни в цілому.
ДЕРЖАВНЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ДОСТУПУ ДО ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ РЕСУРСІВ ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ КУЛЬТУРИ
Authors: Kleyshmidt Yu.
Published: February 2020

Наведено результати експертного дослідження основних проблем державного регулювання доступу до електронних інформаційних ресурсів публічних закладів культури. Названо основні пріоритети державного регулювання в цій сфері на основі результатів експертного опитування. Комплексне вирішення цієї проблеми можливе шляхом розроблення державної стратегії розбудови доступу до електронних інформаційних ресурсів в сфері освіти, науки та культури, створених за рахунок коштів Державного бюджету.
ПАРТИСИПАТИВНА МОДЕЛЬ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО ПЛАНУВАННЯ НА РІВНІ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ
Authors: Moroz O.   , Herasymchuk V.   , Skrebcova K. 
Published: February 2020

Ідеться про ефективність запровадження партисипативної моделі стратегічного розвитку місцевого самоврядування як інструменту забезпечення її спроможності. Визначено, що стратегічне планування розвитку місцевого самоврядування передбачає залучення до роботи над стратегічним документом широкого представництва місцевого середовища (представників основних верств міста, виконавчих органів влади, громадських організацій, бізнесу), діяльність яких спрямовано на визначення: майбутнього образу (бачення) міста, головних (стратегічних) цілей, досягнення яких забезпечить набуття містом визначеного громадою образу; планів дій, тобто логічних послідовних заходів, спрямованих на досягнення цих цілей із використанням спеціальних процедур.
ДЕРЖАВНА ПОЛІТИКА У СФЕРІ ЗАПОБІГАННЯ ТА ПРОТИДІЇ КІБЕРНЕТИЧНИМ ЗАГРОЗАМ – ДОСВІД РЕСПУБЛІКИ ПОЛЬЩА
Authors: Hranovskyi М.
Published: February 2020

У сучасному світі спостерігається тенденція до значного зростання кількості кібератак, які стають все більш витонченими і непередбачуваними.

До уваги пропонується стислий аналіз дій, спрямованих на запобігання та протидію кібернетичним загрозам на прикладі Республіки Польща.
СУТНІСТЬ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ТЕХНІЧНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ
Authors: Lutsenko A.
Published: February 2020

Здійснено аналіз підходів до визначення поняття “міжнародна технічна допомога” (МТД) у працях різних науковців та в нормативно-правових актах міжнародних організацій. На сьогодні в різних галузях вітчизняної наукової думки закладено певну базу знань у сфері дослідження явища МТД, однак визначення змісту такого явища, як міжнародна технічна допомога, є міждисциплінарною проблемою, що стосується таких галузей, як публічне управління, економіка, право, міжнародні відносини. Обґрунтовано необхідність прийняття єдиного нормативно-правового документа, який би закріпив визначення МТД на законодавчому рівні та регулював діяльність, пов’язану з її залученням та використанням в Україні.
МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ДОСВІД З ПИТАНЬ ПРАЦЕВЛАШТУВАННЯ ОСІБ З ІНВАЛІДНІСТЮ
Authors: Tkachenko O.
Published: February 2020

Розглянуто міжнародний досвід з питань працевлаштування осіб з інвалідністю. Дослідження та вивчення міжнародного досвіду приведуть до певних кроків визначення правильних форм та методів, а також інструментів для вирішення узгодження між роботодавцями та особами з інвалідністю.
4 Minutes Rule in Perimortem Caesarean Delivery: Does it Still Relevant? Case Series
Authors: Othman Abdul Karim , Ali Mohd Nazri , Wan Ismail Wan Nasrudin , Mustaffa Nurul Aimi , Zakaria Mohd Habibullah
Published: February 2020

Objective:To highlight the importance of immediate initiation of perimortem caesarean delivery in maternal with sudden cardiac arrest.

Case report: We reported the outcomes of three cases of perimortem caesarean delivery secondary to maternal cardiac arrest. A 28-year-old G3P2 at 36 weeks of gestation who developed severe hypoxaemia secondary to acute pulmonary oedema which was arise from pre-eclampsia related hypertensive crisis. The second case was a 29-year-old G1P0 at 38 weeks of gestation who developed severe hypoxaemia secondary to spinal anaesthesia complication (total spinal)and the third case was a 44-year-old G5P4 at 39 weeks of gestation who developed severe hypoxaemia secondary to failed intubation and ventilation during induction of anaesthesia. Observing the outcomes of the three maternal after post perimortem caesarean delivery, we are strongly agreed that the time from maternal cardiac arrest to the initiation of resuscitative hysterotomy should be shifted from 4 minute to immediately.

Conclusion: Preparations for perimortem caesarean delivery should be made simultaneously with the initiation of maternal resuscitative efforts.
Is There a Dysregulation of Backdoor Pathway of Androgen Synthesis in Autistic Disorders?
Authors: Gasser Benedikt , Kurz Johann , Dick Bernhard , Mohaupt Markus
Published: February 2020

Background: Several time associations of androgens and autism were implied. Therefore, we hypothesized that a dysregulation of backdoor pathway during puberty might be one factor affecting dysregulated androgens in autism.

Material & Methods: Urine samples were collected from 20 boys originally diagnosed with Asperger syndrome, 21 boys with Kanner syndrome, 8 with Atypical autism as well as 5 girls with Asperger syndrome, 10 girls with Kanner Syndrome and one with Atypical autism and a control group for gas chromatography mass spectrometry based steroid hormone analysis. As Etiocholanolone (E) originates almost exclusively from the classic pathway and Androsterone (A) may be derived additionally from the backdoor pathway analyses of A/E ratios in affected autistic boys and girls were used to identify a potential dysregulation of backdoor pathway of androgen synthesis.

Results: In Kanner boys Androsterone and Eticholanolone showed increased concentrations of around fifty percent (p < 0.01). In addition, in boyswith Asperger Syndrome an increase of Androsterone (p < 0.01) and Eticholanolone (p < 0.01) was detected.
Principles of the Azerbaijan River Water Resources Formation, their Hydro/ chemical Analysis in Order to Assess their Ecological Suitability
Authors:   Mamedov R.M., Abduyev M.A.
Published: February 2020

Some special features of the Azerbaijan river water resources formation have been discussed. A considerable share of the runoff enters the Azerbaijan territory from neighboring territories with the transit rivers. This input value for a year of average water content is 652 m3/s or 20.6 km3. The river runoff which forms directly on the territory of the country is assessed as equal to 328 m3/s or 10.3 km3. As a whole the local river water resources comprises 58% of the surface runoff and 42% groundwater runoff. Total river water resource of Azerbaijan is 735 m3/s or 23.2 km3 for a high-water year and 228 m3/s or 7.2 km3 for a lowwater year. It should be noted that 80 % of the country water resources belong to the Kura River basin and its tributaries, 70 % of this amount are formed on the territories of the neighboring countries. Comparison of the water chemical composition of the different periods shows that it completely reflects the level of anthropogenic load upon the catchment. It has been found that over the past 70 years an obvious trend to the Kura River water content decrease is observed. The global climate change and the Azerbaijan territory aridity create keen necessity of the water resources effective management.
Resource-saving Technology for Disposal of Phenol-containing Industrial Wastewater Decontamination
Authors:   I.N. Lipunov, I.G. Pervova, N.O. Tolmacheva, A.F. Nikiforov
Published: February 2020

We have developed a resource-saving, low-waste technology for the disposal of highly toxic phenol-containing wastewater that enables to utilize phenol and formaldehyde as an organic binder. The technology involves the use of technogenic raw materials («overresin» water from the production of phenol-formaldehyde resins, soft wood waste, waste from the production and processing of laminated plastics) and processes of regeneration, recovery and conversion of phenol. The optimal technological parameters of phenol sorption on wood sorbent and secondary poly/condensation were experimentally established. This in turn provides a high degree of neutralization and extraction of resin-forming components from wastewater and subsequent production wood-polymer thermoplastic structural composite and sodium phenolate on their basis.
Assessment of the Water Bodies’ Ecological Status: Unificated Approaches to Attaining of the «Ecology» National Project Objectives
Authors:   G.A. Oboldina, G.A. Samburskiy, A.N. Popov
Published: February 2020

The authors have recommended the sequence of actions to realize the Federal project «Preservation of unique water bodies» as a component of the National project «Ecology». We have presented practical recommendations concerning measures aimed at the federal project realization, a standard list of actions and a toolbox for assessment of the water bodies’ ecological safety. We have demonstrated a possibility of the unificated approach to studying the dynamics of the basic indicator of anthropogenic load in order to assess the watercourses quality (dynamics along the river flow) and water bodies (dynamics in time) taking into account local and diffuse negative impacts. The standardization areas that are to compensate deficiencies in nature/protective legislation.
SWOT-Analysis of the Water Resources Management System
Authors:   K.V. Krutikova, A.V. Shevchuk
Published: February 2020

The paper discusses the system of water resources management and analyzes the effectiveness of its particular elements functioning. The authors have found the following factors of the water sector development: implementation of the strategic documents and attainment of the preset objectives, increasing of investments to the water sector and the self-funding level of the water sector enterprises, provision of scientific/information support for the management system. Application of the SWOT-analysis method have assessed the strong and weak aspects of the water resources management system, as internal conditions of its establishment. The external factors comprise possibilities of the system development, both positive aspects and dangers. Both national components of the system of state governing as a whole and factors affecting the situation at the international level were acknowledged as external factors. The conducted analysis enabled to conclude about necessity of improvement of the water resources management system of the Russian Federation in order to raise effectiveness of its functioning.
On the issue of the Uzbekistan surface water quality assessment
Authors:   B.T. Kurbanov
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the quality of surface water in Uzbekistan. Analyzed their impact on the living conditions and health of the population of the republic. The most difficult situation with drinking water supply and with the growth of diseases caused by the use of poor-quality drinking water falls on the Navoi, Khorezm, Surkhandarya regions and Karakalpakstan. The stated data makes it relevant to conduct research to determine the quality of surface waters and improve the methods of its assessment. The analysis of existing methods for assessing the quality of surface waters. The technique of assessment of the index of pollution of water applied now in Uzbekistan counted in compliance with “Methodical recommendations about the formalized complex evaluation test of the surface and ocean waters about hydro/chemical indexes” was developed in Soviet period and doesn’t meet the modern requirements. The need to improve the methods for assessing the quality of surface waters as compared with that currently used in Uzhydromet is indicated. One of the most promising at present is the “Method of integrated assessment of the degree of contamination of surface waters by hydro/chemical indicators” developed and used in operational practice in Russia. The most informative comprehensive estimat water pollution and the class of water quality. The author proposed methods for assessing the quality of surface waters, the calculation of which is based on the use of a larger amount of initial information and are more reliable than those used. In particular, the proposed methodology for assessing the quality of surface waters, taking into account the hazard class of ingredients.