bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La perspectiva de género y el Derecho del Trabajo:¿una hermenéutica en construcción o algo más?
Authors: Moll Noguera Rafael
Published: July 2021

El estudio de la perspectiva de género como canon hermenéutico por parte del orden social resulta una institución eminentemente casuística, como se verá, pero que surge y se construye en el ámbito de la igualdad entre mujeres y hom­bres. El estudio parte de una delimitación legal y doctrinal en torno a esta metodología para, de inmediato, trascendiendo a los casos resueltos, identificar las pautas comunes usadas por los jueces, especialmente por el Tribunal Supre­mo, a la hora de aplicarla. Por último, desde un prisma crítico, se intentará dar respuesta a algunas de las incógnitas que acompañan a esta nueva metodología de aplicación del derecho por los tribunales que giran en torno a los límites a la función integradora, el activismo judicial y el papel del Tribunal Constitucional en todo ello.
A vueltas con el control de convencionalidad: avances y retrocesos de la aplicación de la norma internacional en el ordenamiento jurídico laboral español
Authors: Garrido Palacios Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2021

El debate sobre la vigencia del control de convencionalidad para asegurar los estándares más elevados de derechos desde la norma internacional se encuentra de plena actualidad en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico. Desde la Covid-19 se detecta una mayor familiaridad en el recurso a normas tales como el Convenio 158 de la OIT y la Carta Social Europea para la resolución de los litigios inter­nos, tanto en el ejercicio del control de convencionalidad como en su rechazo. El objeto de este artículo es actualizar los elementos jurídicos y legales que avalan al control de convencionalidad, pero al mismo tiempo reflexionar sobre las cautelas, lagunas y posibles usos extensivos que se extralimitarían de su con­tenido y esencia. Sin duda, el debate en estos términos puede posibilitar un uso más adecuado y armónico entre el Derecho internacional y el Derecho interno.
¿El ser humano al servicio de la tecnología? Reflexiones a propósito de la obra de Anna Ginés i Fabrellas, ‘El trabajo en plataformas digitales. Nuevas formas de precariedad laboral’
Authors: Gordo González Luis
Published: July 2021

Este artículo reserña: Anna Ginés i Fabrellas, ‘El trabajo en plataformas digitales. Nuevas formas de precariedad laboral’, Navarra: Aranzadi, 2020.
KOMPLIKASI KEHAMILAN DAN PERSALINAN PADA KEHAMILAN REMAJA
Authors: Husna Faqihati , Aldika Akbar Muhammad Ilham , Amalia Rize Budi
Published: July 2021

AbstrakLatar Belakang: Menurut UNICEF, setiap lima kelahiran bayi terdapat satu bayi lahir dari ibu dengan usia dibawah 19 tahun. Kehamilan pada remaja usia 15-19 tahun di negara berkembang mencapai angka 21 juta. Kehamilan remaja merupkan masalah yang tersebar di seluruh dunia dan berdampak terhadap kesehatan ibu dan anak. (Mukhopadhyay, 2010), secara luas kematian yang disebabkan oleh kehamilan merupakan penyebab utama kematian anak perempuan usia 15-19 tahun (WHO, 2017). Remaja memiliki risiko komplikasi kehamilan yang tinggi, salah satunya adalah persalinan prematur,  IUGR dan pre-eklamsia. (Baker, 2007).Terjadi peningkatan risiko komplikasi sebesar 2 kali lipat pada kehamilan remaja dibandingkan kehamilan pada wanita usia 20-an (Utomo I. D., 2013), Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan kehamilan remaja dengan komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan pendekatan retrospektif cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 40 dan diambil dengan teknik cosecutive sampling. Hasil: Komplikasi pada kehamilan remaja mencapai 60%. Hasil analisis hubungan kehamilan remaja dengan komplikasi kehamilan (p value= 0,0100 OR = 6), anemia ( p value 0,013 OR=7,364), defisiensi gizi p value=0,400), prekalmisa/eklamsia (p value =0,300), komplikasi persalinan (p value =1,000), persalinan SC (p value=1,000) dan KPD (p value =1,000). Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini kehamilan remaja berpengaruh pada komplikasi kehamilan dengan penyulit  dominan anemia dan tidak berpengaruh pada komplikasi persalinan.AbstractBackgrounds: According to UNICEF, every five babies born there is one baby born to a mother under the age of 19 years. Pregnancy in adolescents aged 15-19 years in developing countries reaches 21 million. Teenage pregnancy was a problem that spread throughout the world and had an impact on maternal and child health. (Mukhopadhyay, 2010), widely deaths caused by pregnancy are the main cause of death for girls aged 15-19 years (WHO, 2017). Adolescents had a high risk of pregnancy complications, one of which is premature labor, IUGR and pre-eclampsia. (Baker, 2007). There has been a 2-fold increase in the risk of complications in adolescent pregnancies versus pregnancies in women in their 20s (Utomo I. D., 2013). Methods: This study were observational analytic method with a retrospective cross sectional approach with 40 samples and was taken by cosecutive sampling technique. Results: Complications in adolescent pregnancy reach 60%. The results of the analysis of the relationship of adolescent pregnancies with complications of pregnancy showed (p value= 0,0100 OR = 6), anemia ( p value 0,013 OR=7,364), nutritional deficiency (p value=0,400), preeclampsia/eclampsia (p value =0,300), labor complications (p value =1,000), sectio caesaria (p value=1,000) dan premature rupture of membrane (p value =1,000)
STATUS GIZI DAN USIA MENARCHE SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO DISMENOREA PADA REMAJA PUTRI SMAN 19 SURABAYA
Authors: Kosim Rim , Hardianto Gatut , Kasiati Kasiati
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Latar belakang: Dismenorea merupakan gangguan menstruasi berupa nyeri perut bawah sesaat atau bersamaan dengan permulaan menstruasi. Menstruasi merupakan kejadian fisiologis dalam tubuh wanita dan dapat disertai beberapa gangguan salah satunya dismenorea. Kejadian dismenorea bagi remaja dapat mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari termasuk sekolah. Di Indonesia dari hasil penelitian PIK-KRR kejadian dismenorea pada remaja putri sebesar 72,89%. Faktor-faktor yang terkait dismenorea meliputi usia dibawah 20 tahun, status gizi, usia menarche, riwayat keluarga dengan dismenorea, dan merokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan status gizi dan usia menarche dengan kejadian dismenorea. Metode: Menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu sebanyak 100 responden dengan tehnik simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data berupa data primer dari responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan antara status gizi dan usia menarche dengan kejadian dismenorea pada remaja putri SMAN 19 Surabaya (uji chi square status gizi dengan kejadian dismenorea p value = 0,023 serta usia menarche dengan kejadian dismenorea p value = 0,047). Kesimpulan: Status gizi dan usia menarche merupakan faktor risiko yang memiliki hubungan  bermakna dengan kejadian dismenorea pada remaja putri.Abstract Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is a menstrual disorder in the form of lower abdominal pain before or right with the onset of menstruation. Menstruation is a physiological event in a woman's body and can be accompanied by several disorders, one of which is dysmenorrhoea. The incidence of dysmenorrhea for adolescents can disrupt daily activities including school. In Indonesia, the results of PIK-KRR’s study shows the incidence of dysmenorrhoea in young women was 72.89%. Factors related to dysmenorrhea including age under 20 years, nutritional status, age of menarche, family history of dysmenorrhea, and smoking. This study aims to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and age of menarche with the incidence of dysmenorrhea. Method: This study used an observational analytic method with a cross sectional study design. The sample used is 100 respondents using simple random sampling method. Data is collected in the form of primary data from respondents. Data analysis used the chi square test. Result: There is a relationship between nutritional status and age of menarche with the incidence of dysmenorrhea in female adolescents of SMAN 19 Surabaya (chi square test of nutritional status with incidence of dysmenorrhoea p = 0.023 and age of menarche with incidence of dysmenorrhea p = 0.047). Conclusion: Nutritional status and age of menarche are risk factors that have a significant relationship with the incidence of dysmenorrhea in female adolescents.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, KUALITAS KIE, DAN DUKUNGAN SUAMI TERHADAP TINGKAT KONSUMSI VITAMIN A PADA IBU NIFAS
Authors: Riskitasari Aulia , Kasiati Kasiati , Fatmaningrum Widati
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Latar Belakang: Masa nifas merupakan masa yang terjadi setelah persalinan yang berlangsung antara 1 jam setelah lahirnya plasenta sampai dengan 42 hari setelah melahirkan. Seorang wanita membutuhkan perawatan pasca salin untuk deteksi dini dan penannganan komplikasi, kebutuhan mobilisasi, nutrisi, personal hygiene dan kebutuhan penunjang lainnya. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan observasional analitik dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan memberikan beberapa pertanyaan melalui kuesioner pada 102 responden ibu yang sudah melewati masa nifas. Hasil: hasil uji chi square- contingency coefficient didapatkan hasil bahwa pengetahuan (p= 0,293) tidak ada hubungan, sikap (p= 0,922) tidak ada hubungan, kualitas KIE (p= 0,000) ada hubungan dan dukungan suami (p= 0,001) ada hubungan. Kesimpulan: Tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap seorang ibu tidak ada hubungan dengan tingkat konsumsi vitamin A pada masa nifas sedangkan kualitas KIE dan dukungan suami yang didapatkan ibu selama masa kehamilan, persalinan dan nifas ada hubungan terhadap tingkat konsumsi vitamin A pada ibu di masa nifas.Abstract Background: Postpartum period is a period that occurs after labor that lasts between 1 hour after the birth of the placenta up to 42 days after delivery. A woman needs postpartum care for early detection and management of complications, mobilization needs, nutrition, personal hygiene and other support needs. Method: This study used observational analytic with purposive sampling technique by giving several questions through questionnaires to 102 respondents of mothers who had passed the postpartum period. Results: the results of the chi square-coefficient contingency test showed that knowledge (p = 0.293) had no relationship, attitude (p = 0.922) had no relationship, KIE quality (p = 0,000) there was a relationship and husband's support (p = 0.001) relationship. Conclusion: The level of knowledge and attitudes of a mother has no relationship with level consumption of vitamin A during the puerperium while the KIE quality and husband's support obtained by the mother during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum are related to  level consumption of vitamin A in the mother during childbirth.
Clinical Experience with the Fifth-Generation of a Breast Implant with a Smooth, Fine Surface from a Korean Manufacturer in Asian Women
Authors: Hwang Dong Yeon , Kim Sang Wha , Jung Joon Yong
Published: July 2021

Background In this study, we describe our clinical experience with the fifth-generation of a breast implant with a smooth, fine surface from a Korean manufacturer (BellaGelÒ SmoothFine; HansBiomed Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea) in Asian women. Methods We analyzed 223 women (mean age=35.28±9.45 years and mean follow-up period=12.03±2.48 months), comprising 118 bilateral cases and 109 unilateral ones, who received breast augmentation using the BellaGelÒ SmoothFine at our hospital between June 4, 2018 and February 28, 2019. For safety assessment, we analyzed frequencies of postoperative complications and overall survival of the BellaGelÒ SmoothFine. Results Postoperatively, complications (12 cases, 5.38%) include asymmetry (3 cases, 1.35%), hematoma (2 cases, 0.90%), hypertrophic scars (2 cases, 0.90%), wound disruption (2 cases, 0.90%), rippling (1 case, 0.45%), capsular contracture (1 case, 0.45%), stretch deformities with skin excess (1 case, 0.45%). In addition, time-to-events were calculated as 10.94±0.64 months (95% CI 9.69-12.19) and the survival rate reached 0.290±0.168 (95% CI 0.094-0.901) at 12 months postoperatively. Conclusions Here, we describe our clinical experience with the BellaGelÒ SmoothFine. Our results are of significance in that this is the first report about the fifth-generation of a breast implant with a smooth, fine surface from a Korean manufacturer in Asian women.
Visual Exploration of Medical Records
Authors: Torres Parejo Ursula , Campaña Jesús Roque , Vila María Amparo , Delgado Miguel
Published: July 2021

Medical records contain many terms which are difficult to process. Our aim in this study is to allow the visual exploration of the information in medical databases where the texts presents a large number of syntactic variations and abbreviations, through an interface which facilitates content identification, navigation and information retrieval. We propose the use of multi-term tag clouds as content representation tools and as assistants for the browsing and querying tasks. The tag cloud generation is achieved through a novelty mathematical method that allows related terms to remain grouped together within the tags To evaluate this proposal, we have used a database with 24,481 records. 23 expert users in the medical field were tasked to complete a survey to evaluate the generated tag clouds properties and we obtained a precision of 0.990, a recall of 0.870 and a F1score of 0.904 in the evaluation of the tag cloud as an information retrieval tool. The main contribution of this approach is that we automatically generate a visual interface over the text capable of capturing the semantics of the information and facilitating access to medical records.
Hydrological Responses to Land Use Land Cover Change in the Fincha’a Watershed, Ethiopia
Authors: Kenea Urgessa , Adeba Dereje , Regasa Motuma Shiferaw , Nones Michael
Published: July 2021

Land use land cover (LULC) changes are highly pronounced in African countries, as they are characterized by an agriculture-based economy and a rapidly growing population. Understanding how land use/cover change (LULCC) influence watershed hydrology will enable local governments and policymakers to formulate and implement effective and appropriate response strategies to minimize the undesirable effects of future land use/cover change or modification and sustain the local socio-economic situation. The hydrological response of the Ethiopia Fincha’a watershed to LULCC happened during the last 30 years was investigated comparing the situation in three reference years: 1994, 2004 and 2018. The information was derived from Landsat sensors, respectively Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS. The various LULC classes were derived via ArcGIS using a supervised classification system, and the accuracy assessment was done using confusion matrixes. For all the years investigated the overall accuracies and the kappa coefficients were higher than 80%, with 2018 as the more accurate year. The analysis of LULCC revealed that forest decreased by 19.99% between the years 1994-2004, and it decreased by 11.85% in the following period 2004-2018. Such decline in areas covered by forest is correlated to an expansion of cultivated land by 16.4% and 10.81%, respectively. After having evaluated the LULCC at the basin scale, the watershed was divided into 18 sub-watersheds, which contained 176 Hydrologic Response Units (HRUs), having a specific LULC. Accounting for such a detailed subdivision of the Fincha’a watershed, the SWAT model was firstly calibrated and validated on past data, and then applied to infer information on the hydrological response of each HRU on LULCC. The modelling results pointed out a general increase of average water flow, both during dry and wet periods, as a consequence of a shift of land coverage from forest and grass towards settlements and build-up areas. The present analysis pointed out the need of accounting for past and future LULCC in modelling the hydrological responses of rivers at the watershed scale.
Combining Pressurized Liquid Extraction and Enzymatic-Assisted Extraction to Obtain Bioactive Non-Extractable Polyphenols from Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.) Pomace
Authors: Domínguez-Rodríguez Gloria , García María Concepción , Marina María Luisa , Plaza Merichel
Published: July 2021

Sweet cherry pomace is a by-product that can be a source of bioactive phenolic compounds. Usually, polyphenols have been extracted using conventional extraction methodologies. However, a significant fraction, called non-extractable polyphenols (NEPs), remains retained in the conventional extraction residues. Therefore, this work is aimed, for the first time, to investigate the release of NEPs from cherry pomace combining pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) using Promod enzyme. A response surface methodology was employed to study the influence of temperature, time, and pH on the NEPs extraction. The response variables were the total phenolic content (TPC) measured by Folin-Ciocalteu method, total proanthocyanidin (PA) content evaluated by vanillin, DMAC, and butanol/HCl assays, and total antioxidant capacity determined by Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and inhibition of hydroxyl radical assays. The results indicated that PLE-EAE was more suitable and selective to obtain NEPs from sweet cherry pomace than PLE alone. In fact, the extracts obtained by PLE-EAE displayed higher TPC, PA content, and bioactivity than the extracts obtained by PLE under the same extraction conditions, and those obtained by conventional methods. Moreover, size-exclusion chromatography profiles showed that the combination of PLE and EAE enabled the recovery of NEPs with higher molecular weight than PLE without EAE treatment.
The Role of Telemedicine Services in Reducing Emergency Department Overload in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alfaleh Amjad , Alkattan Abdullah , Alageel Alaa , Salah Mohammed , Almutairi Mona , Sagor Khlood , Alabdulkareem Khaled
Published: July 2021

Background: ED overcrowding is described as one of the main issues in emergency departments (EDs) of any hospital. In Saudi Arabia, the ministry of health applied new telemedicine technology to serve patients by using the mobile application which include Sehha application and 937 medical call center. The main aim of this study is to determine the role of different telemedicine services in reducing non-urgent visits to EDs in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-section study was conducted during August 2020 - May 2021 among 319 patients were using two telemedicine services in Saudi Arabia, including medical call center, and Sehha smart phone application. The primary endpoint of this study aims to determine the role of different telemedicine services in reducing non-urgent visits to EDs in Saudi Arabia. Results: This study analyzed the data from 319 patients who completed the survey provided by the Saudi Ministry of Health that concerning on information related to their health status, and ED visits. Among patients that had the intention to visit the ED (N=159), 53 of them did not go to EDs after using telemedicine services (p-value < 0.01). Regarding medical call center and Sehha application, 9.6% and 24.4%, respectively of the patients used these telemedicine services had changed their mind concerning visiting ED after taking the medical advice (p-values < 0.01).Conclusion: The implemented telemedicine services in Saudi Arabia, namely Sehha application and medical call center showed to be effective in reducing ED overload by providing medical advices to less- and non-urgent patients and deal with their minor medical issues.
Optimizing Spray-Dried Porous Particles for High Dose Delivery with a Portable Dry Powder Inhaler
Authors: Son Yoen-Ju , Miller Danforth P. , Weers Jeffry G.
Published: July 2021

This manuscript critically reviews the design and delivery of spray-dried particles for the achievement of high total lung doses (TLD) with a portable dry powder inhaler. We introduce a new metric termed the product density, which is simply the TLD of a drug divided by the volume of the receptacle it is contained within. The product density is given by the product of three terms: the packing density (the mass of powder divided by the volume of the receptacle), the drug loading (the mass of drug divided by the mass of powder), and the aerosol performance (the TLD divided by the mass of drug). This manuscript discusses strategies for maximizing each of these terms. Spray drying at low drying rates with small amounts of a shell-forming excipient (low Peclet Number) leads to formation of higher density particles with high packing densities. This enables ultrahigh TLD (>100 mg of drug) to be achieved from a single receptacle. Emptying of powder from capsules is directly proportional to the mass of powder in the receptacle, requiring an inhaled volume of about 1 L for fill masses between 40 and 50 mg and up to 3.2 L for a fill mass of 150 mg.
Chemical Characterization of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Collagen Hydrolyzed Using Enzyme Preparation Derived from Red King Crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) and Its Potential as a Core Component of Bacterial Culture Medium
Authors: Novikov Vitaliy Yu. , Shumskaya Nadezhda V. , Mukhin Vyacheslav A. , Zolotarev Konstantin V. , Mikhailov Anton N. , Nakhod Valeriya I. , Mikhailova Marina V.
Published: July 2021

The Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) processing wastes are massive and unutilized in the Murmansk region of Russia. The samples of skin-containing waste of Atlantic cod fillets production were hydrolyzed using enzyme preparations derived from red king crab hepatopancreases, porcine pancreases and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. The activity of enzymes from crab hepatopancreases was significantly higher than the activity of enzymes derived from other sources. The optimal conditions of the hydrolysis process have been figured out. The samples of cod processing waste hydrolysate were analyzed for amino acid composition and molecular weight distribution. The samples of hydrolysate were used as core components for bacterial culture medium samples. The efficiency of the medium samples was tested for Escherichia coli growth rate; the most efficient sample had efficiency 95.3% of that of a commercially available medium based on fish meal. Substitution of medium components with those derived from industrial by-products is one of the ways to decrease a cost of a culture medium in biopharmaceutical drug production.
Constraints on General Relativity Geodesics by a Covariant Geometric Uncertainty Principle
Authors: Escors David , Kochan Grazyna
Published: July 2021

General relativity is a theory for gravitation based on Riemannian geometry, difficult to compatibilize with quantum mechanics. This is evident in relativistic problems in which quantum effects cannot be discarded. For example in quantum gravity, gravitation of zero-point energy or events close to a black hole singularity. Here, we set up a mathematical model to select general relativity geodesics according to compatibility with the uncertainty principle. To achieve this, we derived a geometric expression of the uncertainty principle (GUP). This formulation identified proper space-time length with Planck length by a geodesic-derived scalar. GUP imposed a minimum allowed value for the interval of proper space-time which depended on the particular space-time geometry. GUP forced the introduction of a “zero-point” curvature perturbation over flat Minkowski space, caused exclusively by quantum uncertainty but not to gravitation. When applied to the Schwarzschild metric and choosing radial-dependent geodesics, our mathematical model identified a particle exclusion zone close to the singularity, similar to calculations by loop quantum gravity. For a 2 black hole merger, this exclusion zone was shown to have a radius that cannot go below a value proportional to the energy/mass of the incoming black hole multiplied by Planck length.
Decoding the Elements of Human Rights from the Verses of Ancient Vedic Literature and Dharmaśāstras: An Exegetical Study
Authors: Kumar Shailendra , Choudhury Sanghamitra
Published: July 2021

This manuscript aims to provide a nuanced study of the idea of rights and duties prevalent in ancient Vedic society through Vedic literature and Dharmaśāstras . This manuscript delves into the exegesis of the Védas and Dharmaśāstras to accomplish this. The archaic Vedic literature and Dharmaśāstra texts are the origin and backbone of Sanskrit literature. They have a plethora of ideas that, if accepted, could be quite useful for the protection of any person's human rights. In Védas and Dharmaśāstras, rights and duties complement each other, and rights are integrated by duties. According to these texts, rights and duties are correlated and the relationship between rights and duties leads to the core concept of dharma (constitutional laws). Dharma is a systematic Sanskrit concept that includes traditions, obligation, morals, laws, order, and justice. It was a unique concept of dharma that kept checks and balances on sovereign officials and prevented them from becoming autocratic and anarchist. It also provided the common man with a protective shield against the dictatorship of sovereign officials. Ordinary citizens had more privileges and fewer responsibilities relative to the state's highest officials. The greater the authority, the less his privileges were, and the more extensive his responsibilities became. This research is an exegetical analysis of ancient Indian Vedic and later Vedic literature and is primarily aimed at deciphering some of the essential ideas of the rights found in these texts, which are akin to contemporary human rights. It endeavours to discern and explain the tenets of human rights obnubilated in the pristine mantras of Antediluvian Vedic and Smṛti texts of India. The essay further attempts to add a much needed non-western perspective to the historiography of human rights.
Numerical study of the aerodynamic characteristics of a triangular wing at different angles of attack and large Mach numbers
Authors: Shirokov Ivan Anatolievich
Published: July 2021

The results of numerical simulation of the external supersonic flow around a triangular wing with a blunted leading edge at Mach numbers 6 and 9, obtained in the framework of a quasi-gas dynamic (QGD) algorithm, are presented. The formulation of the problem at Mach number 9 corresponds to experiments in a wind tunnel. The values of the aerodynamic coefficients obtained at different angles of attack are in good agreement with the experimental data. It is shown that the modeling carried out using more detailed grids is more accurate.
Minimum Competency Assessment (Akm): An Effort To Photograph Numeracy
Authors: Hidayah Irma Rachmah , Kusmayadi Tri Atmojo , Fitriana Laila
Published: July 2021

The National Literacy Movement (GLN) refers to the World Economic Forum (WEF), and the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) states that literacy numeracy is one of the basic literacy that must be mastered in the 21st century. However, PISA results show that Indonesian students have low literacy numeracy skills. The Ministry of Education followed up to replace the National Examination (UN) with a Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM). AKM is an essential competency assessment that is tested on students used to measure learners' reasoning ability when faced with problems that require literacy and numeracy skills, namely problems that require basic mathematical knowledge. This study uses the method of literature study. This study aims to examine efforts to improve numeracy capabilities. Efforts that can be made to improve numeracy skills are by providing materials and integrating learning with ethnomathematics approaches, giving higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) that are associated with real life, and utilization of interactive learning games
Becoming the State-Funded Madrasah or Retaining Autonomy: The Case of Two Madrasahs in Kelantan
Authors: Latief Hilman , Robani Anidah , Kamarudin Mohd Fauzi , Rozikan Rozikan
Published: July 2021

Malaysia witnessed the rise of Islamic education more than a century ago, partly evidenced by the establishment of traditional Islamic education institutions called pondok or madrasah. Starting in the nineteenth century, Islamic pondok schools spread in Malaysia, founded by ‘ulama (Islamic scholars) who gained financial support from the community. As time went by, many pondok, previously supported by civil society, began to face financial difficulties because of the changing political landscape, economic situation, the death of their founders, and changes in government policy. This paper investigates the experiences of two madrasahs in the state of Kelantan in Malaysia and the strategies they have adopted to resolve their financial issues. This paper argues decisions and strategies regarding financing were influenced by several factors, including the degree of attachment felt by the current asatidz (teachers) to the history of their pondok, their desire to preserve the legacy of the madrasah founder, and the level of economic pressure they experienced. The primary choice was between relinquishing ownership to the state by becoming a state (funded) school or remaining a self-governed school with limited access to state funds.  
To What Degree? Considerations for the Pursuit of a Doctoral Degree by Clinical Physician Assistants
Authors: Sasek Cody A.
Published: July 2021

Clinical doctorate and other doctoral-level degrees have been increasingly considered by practicing physician assistants (PAs). Although doctoral programs and degrees vary, there are common factors that are helpful to consider when exploring doctoral education. This article outlines 5 key considerations for the PA who is exploring doctoral education.
Series de ficción y documentales latinoamericanos en los catálogos de Netflix y HBO para España
Authors:   Universidad de Málaga, Gutiérrez Lozano Juan Francisco , Jáñez González Ashley ,   Universidad de Málaga
Published: July 2021

Este artículo aborda, mediante una metodología de análisis de contenido, las producciones españolas y latinoamericanas de ficción seriada y documental disponibles en los catálogos de las plataformas de vídeo bajo demanda Netflix y HBO para España. Con el objetivo principal de conocer tanto la cantidad como las características genéricas de estas producciones, el trabajo expone y analiza datos referidos a 2019 sobre los países con mayor representación en estas plataformas, los formatos predominantes en cada una de ellas y los géneros y temáticas más recurrentes. El género del thriller y las temáticas de narcotráfico, crimen y policíaca se imponen entre los contenidos de ficción seriada, mientras que la temática biográfica es la más habitual dentro del género documental. La investigación establece entre sus conclusiones que, en la fecha analizada, Netflix ofrece más contenido de producción latinoamericana que española en su catálogo para España, mientras que en el caso de HBO ocurría lo contrario. Además, el estudio identifica también el peso de los contenidos originales presentes en ambas plataformas, observando cómo ya en esa fecha Netflix apuesta por la producción nacional en aquellos países donde había instalado una sede, caso de España, siendo esta una clara ventana de oportunidad frente a la globalización. HBO tenía aún pendiente esa tarea en su catálogo español en la fecha de la investigación.
Ruiz Acosta, M. y López Hidalgo, A. (Coors.). (2020). El periodismo en tiempo de realidad virtual. Comunicación Social Ediciones y Publicaciones
Authors:   Universidad de Alcalá, Abreu Colombri José Antonio
Published: July 2021

El título del libro está en consonancia con todos los aspectos desarrollados: El periodismo en tiempos de realidad virtual. Doce autores, con una estructura de obra colectiva, tratan de arrojar luz sobre las nuevas prácticas de la labor de redacción informativa, ante las emergentes necesidades socio-económicas y los súbitos condicionantes tecnológicos. El periodismo digital, otrora ciberperiodismo, se contrapone en muchos aspectos al modelo periodístico clásico. La representación de la realidad se vuelve mucho más voluble e informe con las nuevas dinámicas digitales: informatización de la redacción, exceso de información no periodística, inteligencia artificial, narrativas reduccionistas para los nuevos soportes, generalización de los modelos audiovisuales y disrupciones empresariales en el mercado de la información. La edición de textos digitales se ha vuelto mucho más compleja, por la necesidad de lanzar el producto periodístico de forma inmediata. La mayoría de casos de estudio están relacionados con el panorama profesional de la prensa generalista y especializada de España
Quantification of Potentially Toxic Elements in Degraded Mining Soils and Medicinal Plants: A Case Study of Indus Kohistan Region Northern Pakistan
Authors: sardar Waseem , Rahman Aziz Ur , nawab javed , Khan Sardar , Ali Abid , Rahman Zia Ur , Baig Shams Ali , Khan Muhammad Qayash
Published: July 2021

In recent years, a series of environmental and ecological problems have occurred due to enhanced anthropogenic disturbances for precious minerals mining. Traditional medicines have become an important pillar in national homeopathic treatment system especially in mountainous environment of developing countries. The current study investigates the level of potentially toxic elements ( PTEs ) contamination in degraded mining soil and medicinal plants along the mafic-ultramafic rocks in the Kohistan region. Soil samples and medicinal plant species were collected from the degraded mining area and were screened for PTEs (Pb, Cr, Ni, Mn, Zn, and Cd) using atomic absorption spectrometry. Various pollution indices were used for PTEs such as contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI) and translocation factor (TF) in degraded mining soil and medicinal plants. The mean concentration of PTEs found in soil were in order of Mn>Ni>Cr >Pb>Zn>Cd, while in medicinal plants were Pb>Cr>Mn>Ni>Zn>Cd. Highest bioaccumulation was observed in Ajuga bracteosa (Cr=349 mg kg –1 ), Phlomis bracteosa (Pb=335 mg kg –1 ), Chenopodium ambrosioides (Mn = 304.3 mg kg –1 ), Isatis costata (Ni=169 mg kg –1 ), Ajuga parviflora (Zn = 38.4 mg kg –1 ) and Salvia moorcoftiana (Cd=11 mg kg –1 ). Furthermore, the concentrations of PTEs were significantly higher ( p <0.001) in degraded mining soil and medicinal plants than the reference site, which may be attributed to the mining and open dumping of mining wastes. The present study revealed that chromite mining and open dumping of mining wastes can cause serious environmental problem in the study area. Furthermore, medicinal plants grown in degraded mining soil may pose risk to the local inhabitants as most of the people consume these plants for various health problems.
Prenatal Glucocorticoid Administration Accelerates Maturation in the Hepatocytes of Fetal Rats
Authors: Kobayashi Tsukasa , Takeba Yuko , Ohta Yuki , Ootaki Masanori , Kida Keisuke , Watanabe Minoru , Iiri Taroh , Matsumoto Naoki
Published: July 2021

Prenatal glucocorticoid (GC) is clinically administered to pregnant women at risk of preterm birth for maturation of the cardiopulmonary function. Preterm and low birth weight infants often experience liver dysfunction after birth because the liver is immature. However, the effects of prenatal GC administration on the liver remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of prenatal GC administration regarding maturity of the liver in preterm rats. Dexamethasone (DEX) was administered to pregnant Wistar rats on gestational day 17 and 19 before cesarean section. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was then used to analyze the mRNA levels (albumin, HNF4α, HGF, Thy-1, cyclin B, and CDK1) in the liver samples. Immunohistochemical staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to analyze protein production. Hepatocyte size enlarged because of growth and administration of prenatal DEX. Albumin, HNF4α, and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) increased secondary to growth and administration of prenatal DEX. Cell cycle markers, cyclin B, and CDK1 gradually decreased during growth and by administration of DEX. These results suggest that prenatal GC administration achieves hepatocyte maturation via expression of HNF4α and HGF in premature fetuses.
Soft sediment deformation features in Dauki Fault region: Evidence of paleoearthquakes, Shillong Plateau, NE India
Authors: Lakshmi B.V , Gawali Praveen B.
Published: July 2021

The northeastern region (NER) of India has a number of complex regional geological structures, out of which the Dauki fault (DF) is a prominent one. The E-W trending reverse DF, which is referred to go through the southern margin of Shillong Plateau (SP), have played major role in the regional deformation of the adjoining areas and was believed to be active during the Late Quaternary time. Previous paleoseismological studies conducted on the eastern and western part of the DF, Bangladesh, revealed that the fault ruptured in AD 849–920 and AD 1548 respectively. However there were no studies on the DF from southern side of the SP, India. For the first time, from Indian side, soft sediment deformation structures (SSDS) are reported from five trenches in and around the DF zone, SP. Close to the Dauki village, five trenches in the eastern part of the DF, SP, show presence of micro faulting, sand dykes, disturbed strata, and water escape structures. The detailed investigation of SSDS indicates that the origin for deformation is seismic trigger. The 14C AMS dating of deformation structures generated coseismically by earthquakes suggest three seismic events occurred between 130 and 920 year BP, 5415 to 9140 year BP, and at about 4285 year BP. This study confirms that DF is indeed active, at least, since the mid-Holocene. More trenching and dating of seismically induced deformation features are needed to accurately calculate the recurrence interval of major earthquakes that can strike the fast-expanding urban areas in India and Bangladesh.
Depression, Hope and Social Support Among Older People With Cancer: A Comparison of Muslim Palestinian and Jewish Israeli Cancer Patients
Authors: Goldzweig Gil , Baider Lea , Jacobs Jeremy , Ghrayeb Ibtisam M , Sapir Eli , Rottenberg Yakir
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesStudies of depression in older Muslim Palestinians diagnosed with cancer are scarce. To gain insight into the psychological response and coping ability of this very large, globally distributed population, we collected data from older Muslim Palestinian people diagnosed with cancer concerning depression hope and perceived social support. Both hope and social support were selected because they can be manipulated through intervention and education, as shown in the geriatric literature. Data were compared to data collected from older Jewish Israeli people diagnosed with cancer. DesignThe study sample comprised 143 Muslim Palestinian and 110 Jewish Israeli people diagnosed with cancer, aged >=65. All participants were either in treatment for active disease or within six months of such treatment. Self-administered measures included depression (the Five-Item Geriatric Depression Scale), perceived social support (Cancer Perceived Agents of Social Support Questionnaire) and hope (Snyder’s Adult Hope Scale). ResultsHope and depression were both found to be significantly higher among the Muslim Palestinian patients than in the Jewish Israeli participants. In both samples, higher levels of hope were associated with lower levels of depression, with this correlation stronger in the Jewish Israeli group. ConclusionTo improve the psychological wellbeing of patients, healthcare providers must exercise cultural sensitivity in their interactions, respecting the perspectives of both the patients and their families. Incorporating the concept of hope into the therapeutic dialogue and language may improve psychological wellbeing and synchronize the needs and expectations of patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals, resulting in more equitable, effective and value-oriented care.
Transferring Cognitive Talent Across Domains: The Case of Finance
Authors: Rotaru Kristian , Kalev Petko S. , Yadav Nitin , Bossaerts Peter
Published: July 2021

We consider Theory of Mind, the ability to correctly predict the intentions of others. The skill requires abstraction from one’s own particular circumstances. Here, we posit that such abstraction can be transferred successfully to other, non-social contexts. We consider the disposition effect, which is a pervasive cognitive bias whereby investors, including professionals, improperly take their personal trading history into account when deciding on investments. We design an intervention policy whereby we attempt to transfer Theory of Mind skills, subconsciously, to personal investment decisions. In a within-subject repeated-intervention laboratory experiment, we record how the disposition effect is reduced by a very significant 85%, but only for those with high Theory of Mind skills. No such transfer is observed in subjects who score well only on the emotional dimension of interpersonal skills. Our findings open up a promising way to exploit cognitive talents in one domain in order to alleviate cognitive deficiencies elsewhere.
Orai1 Downregulation Causes Proliferation Reduction and Cell Cycle Arrest via Inactivation of the Ras-NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Osteoblasts
Authors: Guo Yunshan , Hao Dingjun
Published: July 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Orai1 in the regulation of the proliferation and cell cycle of osteoblasts. Methods: The expression of Orai1 was inhibited by Orai1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) in MC3T3-E1 cells. Following Orai1 downregulation, cell proliferation and cell cycle were examined. Furthermore, the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK4, and CDK6 was analyzed. The activity of the Ras-NF-κB signaling pathway was investigated to identify the role of Orai1 in the regulation of osteoblast proliferation. Results: Orai1 was successfully downregulated in MC3T3-E1 cells by the Orai1 siRNA transfection (p <0.05). We found that MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation was decreased, and the cell cycle was arrested by Orai1 downregulation (p <0.05). Additionally, the expression of cyclin D1 was decreased by Orai1 downregulation (p <0.05), as was the activity of the Ras-NF-κB signaling pathway (p <0.05). Orai1 siRNA did not further reduce cell proliferation, the proportion of cells in the S phase, and cyclin D1 expression after chemical blockage of the Ras signaling pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells (p >0.05).Conclusions: The results reveal that Orai1 downregulation may reduce cyclin D1 expression by inactivating the Ras-NF-κB signaling pathway thus blocking osteoblast proliferation and cell cycle.
Long-Term Survival of Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii During Conditional Senescence
Authors: Damoo Djihane Yushrina , Durnford Dion
Published: July 2021

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii undergoes conditional senescence when grown in batch culture due to nutrient limitation. Here we explored plastid and photo-physiological adaptations in Chlamydomonasreinhardtiiduring a long-term ageing experiment by methodically sampling them over 22 weeks. Following exponential growth, Chlamydomonas entered an extended declining growth phase where cells continued to divide, though at a lower rate. Ultimately this ongoing division was fueled by the recycling of macromolecules, that was obvious in the rapidly declining protein and chlorophyll content in the cell during this phase. This process was sufficient to maintain a high level of cell viability as the culture entered stationary phase. Beyond that, cell viability starts to plummet. During the turnover of macromolecules after exponential growth that saw RuBisCO levels drop, the LHCII antenna was relatively stable. This, along with the upregulation of the light stress-related proteins (LHCSR), contributes to an efficient energy dissipation mechanism to protect the ageing cells from photooxidative stress during the senescence process. Ultimately, viability dropped to about 7%at 22 weeks in a batch culture. We anticipate that this research will help further understand the various acclimation strategies carried out by Chlamydomonas to maximize survival under conditional senescence.
On occurrence of sudden increase of spiking amplitude via fold limit cycle bifurcation in a modified Van der Pol-Duffing system with slow-varying periodic excitation
Authors: Zhang Xiaofang , Zhang Bin , Han Xiujing , Bi Qinsheng
Published: July 2021

The main purpose of the paper is to reveal the mechanism of certain special phenomena in bursting oscillations such as the sudden increase of the spiking amplitude. When multiple equilibrium points coexist in a dynamical system, several types of stable attractors via different bifurcations from these points may be observed with the variation of parameters, which may interact with each other to form other types of bifurcations. Here we take the modified van der Pol-Duffing system as an example, in which periodic parametric excitation is introduced. When the exciting frequency is far less than the natural frequency, bursting oscillations may appear. By regarding the exciting term as a slow-varying parameter, the number of the equilibrium branches in the fast generalized autonomous subsystem varies from one to five with the variation of the slow-varying parameter, on which different types of bifurcations, such as Hopf and pitch fork bifurcations, can be observed. The limit cycles, including the cycles via Hopf bifurcations and the cycles near the homo-clinic orbit may interact with each other to form the fold limit cycle bifurcations. With the increase of the exciting amplitude, different stable attractors and bifurcations of the generalized autonomous fast subsystem involve the full system, leading to different types of bursting oscillations. Fold limit cycle bifurcations may cause the sudden change of the spiking amplitude, since at the bifurcation points, the trajectory may oscillate according to different stable limit cycles with obviously different amplitudes. At the pitch fork bifurcation point, two possible jumping ways may result in two coexisted asymmetric bursting attractors, which may expand in the phase space to interact with each other to form an enlarged symmetric bursting attractor with doubled period. The inertia of the movement along the stable equilibrium may cause the trajectory to pass across the related bifurcations, leading to the delay effect of the bifurcations. Not only the large exciting amplitude, but also the large value of the exciting frequency may increase inertia of the movement, since in both the two cases, the change rate of the slow-varying parameter may increase. Therefore, a relative small exciting frequency may be taken in order to show the possible influence of all the equilibrium branches and their bifurcations on the dynamics of the full system.