bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONSELING HUMANISTIK TERHADAP PERILAKU JUJUR PADA SISWA KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 1 SUELA KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Najamuddin M.
Published: October 2023

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: Apakah ada pengaruh konseling humanistik terhadap Perilaku Jujur pada siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Suela. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konseling humanistik terhadap Perilaku Jujur pada siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Suela. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan desain one group pree test dan post test design. Dalam penelitian ini populasi siswa berjumlah 40 orang dengan 10 orang siswa sebagai sampel yakni yang memiliki perilaku jujur terendah. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive random sampling. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket, observasi, wawancara, serta dokumentasi. Dan untuk menganalisis data menggunakan rumus t-test, dimana analisis data t hitung sebesar 6,794 dengan nilai t tabel pada taraf signifikansi 5% dengan db (N-1) = 9 sebesar 2,262. Dengan demikian nilai t hitung lebih besar daripada nilai t pada tabel (6,794>2,262), sehingga dapat disimpulkan Ada pengaruh konseling humanistik terhadap perilaku jujur pada siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Suela.
PENGARUH KONSELING COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY TERHADAP PERILAKU CONDUCT DISORDER DI SENTRA “PARAMITA” MATARAM TAHUN 2023
Authors: Lestari Lina , Suarti Ni Ketut Alit , Maharani Jessica Festi
Published: October 2023

Penelitian yang menggambarkan Pengaruh Konseling Cognitive Behavior Therapy Terhadap Perilaku Conduct Disorder di Sentra Paramita Mataram. Konseling Cognitive Behavior Therapy dipahami sebagai salah satu pendekatakan psikoterapi yang cukup sering diterapkan oleh konselor dalam mengatasi permasalahan terkait kognitif dan perilaku. Sedangkan perilaku Conduct Disorder merupakan pola perilaku yang melanggar norma sosial yang dilakukan secara berulang-ulang, dapat merugikan diri sendiri, orang lain dan bahkan binatang. Adapun yang melatarbelakangi peneliti tertarik untuk membuat skripsi ini didasarkan pada hasil observasi dan wawancara awal peneliti dengan Pekerja Sosial di Sentra Paramita Mataram, dimana terdapat anak binaan dengan perilakugangguan perilaku yang semakin melemahkan perilaku serta menghambat proses rehabilitasi anak binaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian one group pre-test – post-test design . Teknik pengumpulan sampel yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling . Sampel yang diadaptasi pada penelitian ini adalah 43 anak binaan usia 13-17 tahun atau remaja. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket sebagai metode pokok dan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokuemntasi sebagai metode pelengkap. Analisis data menggunakan rumus uji-t . Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh nilai thitung sebesar (9,199), sedangkan untuk nilai t tabelpada taraf signifikansi 5% sebesar (2,262). Karena t hitung lebih besar dari nilai t tabel (9,199 > 2,262) maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Jadi hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Ada Pengaruh Konseling Cognitive Behavior Therapy terhadap Perilaku Conduct Disorder Tahun 2023. Artinya hasil penelitian ini ditanyatakan “ Signifikan ”.
PENGARUH KONSELING HUMANISTIK TERHADAP SIKAP MORAL PADA SISWA KELAS VIII DI SMPN 1 MATARAM
Authors: Putri Ariyani , Garnika Eneng
Published: October 2023

Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang telah dilakukan di SMPN 1 Mataram dapat dilihat secara langsung bahwa masih banyak siswa yang belum memiliki sikap moral yang baik, seperti kurangnya sopan santun, tidak mematuhi aturan , kurangnya rasa tanggung jawab. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah apakah ada Pengaruh Konseling Humanistik Terhadap Sikap Moral Pada Siswa Kelas VIII Di SMPN 1 Mataram Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Konseling Humanistik Terhadap Sikap Moral Pada Siswa Kelas VIII Di SMPN 1 Mataram Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket sebagai metode utama, observasi, wawancara, serta dokumentasi sebagai pelengkap dengan menggunakan rancangan one group pre-test dan post-test design. Dalam penelitian ini populasi penelitian berjumlah 82 siswa dan 10 siswa yang memiliki sikap moral rendah. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah simple random sampling dan untuk analisis data menggunakan rumus t-test, dimana hasil analisis data t hitung sebesar 8,49 dengan nilai t tabel pada taraf signifikansi 5% dengan db (N-1) = 9  sebesar 2,262. Dengan demikian nilai t hitung lebih besar daripada nilai t pada tabel (8,49 > 2,262), sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh konseling humanistik terhadap sikap moral pada siswa kelas VIII Di SMPN 1 Mataram Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023.
Conservative treatment of cholelithiasis: the effectiveness of the use of ursodeoxycholic acid
Authors: Karseladze N. D. , Makhnev S. A. , Sayfutdinova Yu. S.
Published: October 2023

Relevance. Conservative treatment of cholelithiasis is most effective in the early stages of the disease. The use of ursodeoxycholic acid preparations is most justified, taking into account the pathogenesis of the disease. Effective conservative treatment can prevent the development of postcholecystectomy syndrome, the most common complication of surgical treatment. This is a socially significant task.

Goal. Conducting conservative treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid to a patient with GI with dynamic monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of the therapy. Identification of early signs of the development of cholelithiasis and prevention of factors of the development of concretions in the gallbladder.

Materials and methods. A patient with newly diagnosed cholelithiasis was prescribed ursodeoxycholic acid preparation under the control of laboratory and instrumental research methods. Dynamic observation of the patient was carried out during 1 year of treatment, and the previous results of ultrasound examination were also analyzed, which made it possible to identify predisposing factors of stone formation. The appointment of the drug ursodeoxycholic acid made it possible to achieve the goal – to «dissolve» gallstones. Regular ultrasound examination, even in the absence of clinical manifestations, is one of the methods for detecting cholelithiasis at an early stage – biliary sludge in the gallbladder.
Does Social Media Make Unhappy? A Research on the Effect of Social Media Platforms Usage on Happiness in Demographic Crack
Authors: DENİZ Recep Baki , AKDUMAN Gülbeniz
Published: October 2023

The new technologies brought by the digital age are changing how individuals and societies communicate, learn, work and manage. Digital tools and platforms that have developed thanks to technology have made people's lives easier while affecting their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. Thanks to digital tools, communication has become independent of time and space, and distances have become closer. People who had to be isolated due to the coronavirus epidemic have increased their use of digital technology to communicate with their loved ones, get information, work, learn, socialize, and have fun. According to the results of TÜİK's “Household Information Technologies (IT) Usage Survey, 2021”, the internet usage rate in 2021 is 82.6%, and the rate of those who use the internet regularly is 80.5%. On the other hand, according to the results of the World Happiness Report by Gallup, Turkey ranks 112th in the World Happiness Ranking. While Turkey's happiness level has shown a decreasing momentum since 2016, social media usage rates are increasing. In line with these data, the research aims to determine the effect of social media platform use on happiness. Descriptive research, one of the quantitative research types, was used in the research design with the experimental research method. Within the scope of the research, an online questionnaire was applied to 170 white-collar employees, who were reached by convenience sampling method. According to the research results, happiness is similar according to the duration of use of social media platforms.
Küresel ve Bölgesel Terörizme Karşı Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı: Analiz ve Operasyon Düzeyi
Authors: PARLAK Bekir , MAĞAT Muhammet
Published: October 2023

Terörle mücadelede ulusal ve uluslararası anlamda yoğun bir devlet ve devletler üstü sistemlerin varlığı, başarıya ulaşılmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Uluslararası güvenlik sisteminin yeni ve etkili bir aktörü olduğu değerlendirilen Türk Devletleri Teşkilatının, bu anlamda küresel ve bölgesel terörizme karşı analiz ve operasyon düzeylerinde, uluslararası düzenin geleceğini etkileyecek bir mekanizma olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı, bir güvenlik topluluğu olarak, üye devletlerin ortak paydada olduğu bir politika üretme aygıtıdır. Ortak terör tehditleri çerçevesinde, üye devletlerin, Türk Devletleri Teşkilatını temsilen uluslararası güvenlik doktrininin yeniden şekillenmesinde aktif olmaları, bu çalışmada analiz edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada amaç, Türk Devletleri Teşkilatının “bir uluslararası güvenlik örgütü” olarak tanımlanabilmesinin tartışmasını sunabilmektir. Çalışmanın geneli, Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı nezdinde “terörle mücadele, istihbarat, uluslararası güvenlik doktrini, operasyonel kod/kapasite” gibi konularla çerçevelenmiştir. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünde, Teşkilatın terörle mücadelede istihbarat yönetimi ve görev gücü; ikinci bölümünde, Teşkilatın uluslararası güvenlik doktrini ve üçüncü bölümde de Teşkilatın terörle mücadele kurulu mekanizması düzeyinde olası operasyonlar konuları irdelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak varılan nokta, Türk Devletleri Teşkilatının bir güven ve güvenlik artırıcı fonksiyonu sürdürmesi ve bu doğrultuda Türkiye-Azerbaycan-Özbekistan üçlü kurucu gücün aktif rolünü geliştirmesidir.
BIOLOGICAL FEATURES AND DIRECTIONS BREEDING OF BENTGRASS (Agrostis L.) SPECIES
Authors: Zolotarev Vladimir
Published: October 2023

The modern concept of crop production development, focused on the biologization of agriculture, provides for an increase in the diversity of plant species and varieties used, most adapted to the conditions of specific areas of their use and providing maximum ecological and economic effect. To do this, it is necessary to intensify the selection and seed-growing work on the breeding of new varieties of herbs with the simultaneous expansion of species representation. Representatives of the genus bentgrass (Agrostis L.) have a high biological potential, cenotic activity and productive longevity when creating artificial agrocenoses for various purposes. The article analyzes the features of the taxonomic classification of the genus Agrostis, biological features of the most promising bentgrass species for economic use. In the State Register of Breeding achievements approved for use in the territory of the Russian Federation as of 2023, 8 varieties of giant bentgrass (A. gigantea Roth.), 9 — creeping bent (A. stolonifera L.) and 7 — brown top (ordinary) (A. tenuis Sibth.). The last two types are mainly used to create lawns for various purposes. The most promising Agrostis species for establishing agrocenoses for fodder use, primarily in grassland farming in the Non-Chernozem Zone, is giant bentgrass. The article presents the results of breeding work of the Federal Scientific Center "VIK named after V.R. Williams" on the development of new varieties of giant bentgrass.
Precise antibacterial therapeutics based on stimuli-responsive nanomaterials
Authors: Wu Ziqi , Nie Ran , Wang Yao , Wang Qihui , Li Xiang , Liu Yuguang
Published: October 2023

Bacterial infection refers to the process in which bacteria invade, grow, reproduce, and interact with the body, ultimately causing a series of pathological changes. Nowadays, bacterial infection remains a significant public health issue, posing a huge threat to human health and a serious financial burden. In the post-antibiotic era, traditional antibiotics are prone to inducing bacterial resistance and difficulty in removing bacterial biofilm. In recent years, antibacterial therapy based on nanomaterials has developed rapidly. Compared with traditional antibiotics, nanomaterials effectively remove bacterial biofilms and rarely result in bacterial resistance. However, due to nanomaterials’ strong permeability and effectiveness, they will easily cause cytotoxicity when they are not controlled. In addition, the antibacterial effect of non-responsive nanomaterials cannot be perfectly exerted since the drug release property or other antibacterial effects of these nano-materials are not be positively correlated with the intensity of bacterial infection. Stimuli-responsive antibacterial nanomaterials are a more advanced and intelligent class of nano drugs, which are controlled by exogenous stimuli and microenvironmental stimuli to change the dosage and intensity of treatment. The excellent spatiotemporal controllability enables stimuli-responsive nanomaterials to treat bacterial infections precisely. In this review, we first elaborate on the design principles of various stimuli-responsive antibacterial nanomaterials. Then, we analyze and summarizes the antibacterial properties, advantages and shortcomings of different applied anti-bacterial strategies based on stimuli-responsive nanomaterials. Finally, we propose the challenges of employing stimuli-responsive nanomaterials and corresponding potential solutions.
Imaging and detecting intercellular tensile forces in spheroids and embryoid bodies using lipid-modified DNA probes
Authors: Tian Qian , Yang Feiyu , Jiang Han , Bhattacharyya Priyanka , Xie Tianfa , Ali Ahsan Ausaf , Sun Yubing , You Mingxu
Published: October 2023

Cells continuously experience and respond to different physical forces that are used to regulate their physiology and functions. Our ability to measure these mechanical cues is essential for understanding the bases of various mechanosensing and mechanotransduction processes. While multiple strategies have been developed to study mechanical forces within two-dimensional (2D) cell culture monolayers, the force measurement at cell-cell junctions in real three-dimensional (3D) cell models is still pretty rare. Considering that in real biological systems, cells are exposed to forces from 3D directions, measuring these molecular forces in their native environment is thus highly critical for the better understanding of different development and disease processes. We have recently developed a type of DNA-based molecular probe for measuring intercellular tensile forces in 2D cell models. Herein, we will report the further development and first-time usage of these molecular tension probes to visualize and detect mechanical forces within 3D spheroids and embryoid bodies (EBs). These probes can spontaneously anchor onto live cell membranes via the attached lipid moieties. By varying the concentrations of these DNA probes and their incubation time, we have first characterized the kinetics and efficiency of probe penetration and loading onto tumor spheroids and stem cell EBs of different sizes. After optimization, we have further imaged and measured E-cadherin-mediated forces in these 3D spheroids and EBs for the first time. Our results indicated that these DNA-based molecular tension probes can be used to study the spatiotemporal distributions of target mechanotransduction processes. These powerful imaging tools may be potentially applied to fill the gap between ongoing research of biomechanics in 2D systems and that in real 3D cell complexes.
Hybrid total arch replacement via ministernotomy for Stanford type A aortic dissection
Authors: Liu Xing , Liu Xinyi , Yu Hong , Yang Yuehang , Shi Jiawei , Zheng Qiang , Wang Kan , Liu Fayuan , Li Ping , Deng Cheng , Hu Xingjian , Wu Long , Li Huadong , Liu Junwei
Published: October 2023

Background

Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a cardiovascular emergency condition with high mortality rate. Hybrid total aortic arch replacement using endovascular graft for the descending aorta repair results in favorable outcomes and has been recommended as an alternative procedure for the higher-risk category patients. Our institution started applying the upper ministernotomy incision technique for the hybrid procedures back in 2018.

Methods

We collected patients who underwent hybrid total arch replacement (HTAR) via ministernotomy (96) and total arch replacement with frozen elephant trunk (TAR + FET) procedures (99), between 2018 and 2021. The baseline information, intraoperative and postoperative characteristics have been compared. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for survival evaluation. Cox regression were applied to identify the independent predictor of mortality.

Results

The baseline characteristics between the two patient groups were compared and found similar, except that RBC counts were higher (p = 0.038) and the ascending aorta diameter was smaller (P = 0.019) in the “HTAR” group relative to the “TAR + FET” group. The cardiopulmonary bypass time (P < 0.001), the aortic cross clamp time (P < 0.001), the operation duration (P = .029), ICU (P = 0.037) and postoperative hospital stay (P = 0.002) were shorter in the “HTAR” group. The “HTAR” group exhibited also significantly lower levels of intraoperative transfusion (all <0.001) characteristics than the “TAR + FET” group. The hospital mortality and 1-year mortality revealed similar patterns in both groups.

Conclusion

HTAR via ministernotomy have similar short term prognosis, and also reduced the ICU and postoperative hospital stay. In all, The application of the ministernotomy technique in HTAR was safe and technically feasible and may benefit individual patients as well as hospitals in general.
m-Path: an easy-to-use and highly tailorable platform for ecological momentary assessment and intervention in behavioral research and clinical practice
Authors: Mestdagh Merijn , Verdonck Stijn , Piot Maarten , Niemeijer Koen , Kilani Ghijs , Tuerlinckx Francis , Kuppens Peter , Dejonckheere Egon
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we present m-Path (www.m-Path.io), an online platform that provides an easy-to-use and highly tailorable framework for implementing smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and intervention (EMI) in both research and clinical practice in the context of blended care. Because real-time monitoring and intervention in people's everyday lives have unparalleled benefits compared to traditional data collection techniques (e.g., retrospective surveys or lab-based experiments), EMA and EMI have become popular in recent years. Although a surge in the use of these methods has led to a myriad of EMA and EMI applications, many existing platforms only focus on a single aspect of daily life data collection (e.g., assessment vs. intervention, active self-report vs. passive mobile sensing, research-dedicated vs. clinically-oriented tools). With m-Path, we aim to integrate all of these facets into a single platform, as it is exactly this all-in-one approach that fosters the clinical utility of accumulated scientific knowledge. To this end, we offer a comprehensive platform to set up complex and highly adjustable EMA and EMI designs with advanced functionalities, using an intuitive point-and click web interface that is accessible for researchers and clinicians with limited programming skills. We discuss the strengths of daily life data collection and intervention in general and m-Path in particular. We describe the regular workflow to set up an EMA or EMI design within the m-Path framework, and summarize both the basic functionalities and more advanced features of our software.
Methane-flow system within the Nyegga pockmark field, offshore mid-Norway
Authors: Dupré Stéphanie , Foucher Jean-Paul , Pierre Catherine , Decker Carole , Westbrook Graham , Ker Stephan , Olu Karine , Donval Jean-Pierre , Charlou Jean-Luc , Blanc-Valleron Marie-Madeleine , Nouzé Hervé
Published: October 2023

We investigated fluid seepage within the Nyegga pockmark field (600–900 m water depths) off mid-Norway from Remotely Operated Vehicle dives at the so-called CNE sites (CNE01 to CNE17). The seafloor morphology of some of these features corresponds to pockmarks and adjacent ridges, with the latter being the focus of present seepage activity. These structures are underlain by chimneys above a gas-charged zone with, in some cases, a substantial body of hydrate-invaded sediment (down to 1.3 s in two-way travel time at CNE03). Present-day methane-rich fluid seepage through the seabed is indicated by chemosynthetic fauna, in particular Siboglinidae polychaetes (Oligobrachia haakonmobiensis webbi and Sclerolinum contortum), microbial mats and associated Rissoidae gastropod (Alvania sp.) grazers, and confirmed by measured in situ bottom-water methane anomalies, up to 2,130 nL/L. No free-gas bubble emissions were observed or acoustically identified. The presence of authigenic carbonates reveals past seepage with very low δ13C values (down to −58‰) indicating that the major source of carbon was methane carried by the venting fluids. The ages of major periods of methane venting are provided by vesicomyid bivalve shells (Isorropodon nyeggaensis) present in two sedimentary layers, 14,930 and 15,500 14C yr BP (ca. 17,238 and 17,952 cal yr BP), respectively, corresponding to the time of Melt Water Pulse IA. The seafloor morphology and pattern of seepage -chemosynthetic fauna and microbial mat distribution and dissolved methane concentration-are remarkably heterogeneous. Pore-water chemistry profiles in a gravity core taken only 40 m from major seepage sites indicate no seepage and anaerobic methane oxidation at a sub-bottom depth of about 2 m. Present-day seepage from the studied pockmark-chimney fluid-flow system charged with gas hydrate is dominated by the advection of methane solution in pore water. Some of this methane could result from the dissolution of hydrate in the chimney, most of which would have formed during an earlier period (post-LGM times) of history of the chimney, when it was venting free gas. However, the presence of free gas beneath this chimney is probably why the water entering the chimney is already saturated with methane and the process of hydrate formation in the chimney continues today.
Effects of cigarette smoking on semen quality, reproductive hormone levels, metabolic profile, zinc and sperm DNA fragmentation in men: results from a population-based study
Authors: Osadchuk Ludmila , Kleshchev Maxim , Osadchuk Alexander
Published: October 2023

Background

Cigarette smoking seems to have a negative impact on men’s reproductive health, but our knowledge of its effects on the reproductive function of Russian men is still very limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on semen quality, including sperm DNA fragmentation, hormonal, zinc and metabolic status in young men from the general multi-ethnic Russian population (n=1,222, median age 23 years) and to find out the ethno-specific effects of smoking by comparing male groups of different ethnicity.

Methods

Each participant filled out a standardized questionnaire, provided one blood and semen sample. Semen parameters, serum reproductive hormones, lipids, glucose, uric acid and seminal zinc were analyzed. Participants were classified as smokers (n=450) and non-smokers (n=772), and smokers were stratified into moderate (≤10 cigarettes/day) and heavy (>10 cigarettes/day) smokers.

Results

In the entire study population, heavy smokers were characterized by a decrease in semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration and motility, and an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation and teratozoospermia compared with non-smokers (p<0.05). There was also a reduction in the serum and seminal zinc level as well as an impairment in metabolic health in smokers compared with non-smokers (p<0.05). No significant differences between smokers and non-smokers were found for serum levels of LH, FSH, inhibin B, testosterone and estradiol. In the second part of our study, the most numerous ethnic groups of Slavs (n=654), Buryats (n=191), and Yakuts (n=125) were selected from the entire study population. Among three ethnic groups, the smoking intensity was higher in Slavs than in Buryats or Yakuts suggesting a greater tobacco addiction in Slavs than in Asians. A decrease in semen parameters and seminal zinc levels, and an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation and teratozoospermia was observed only in smoking Slavs (p<0.05); moderate decrease in testosterone and increase in triglyceride levels were revealed in smoking Yakuts (p<0.05), but no significant changes were detected in smoking Buryats.

Conclusion

We concluded that cigarette smoking has an ethno-specific effect on male reproductive function, probably due to the different activity of the seminal antioxidant system, which is yet to be elucidated.
Physicochemical and adsorptive properties of biochar derived from municipal sludge: sulfamethoxazole adsorption and underlying mechanism
Authors: Qiu Xiaojie , Zhao Yingxin , Zhao Cailian , Jin Ruotong , Li Chenxi , Mutabazi Emmanuel
Published: October 2023

Municipal sludge waste could be transformed into useful biochar through pyrolysis process. In this study, municipal sludge-derived biochar (SBC) was successfully synthesized via the one-pot pyrolysis method, and the yield of sludge biochar gradually decreased with the pyrolysis temperature increased from 300°C to 800°C. The sludge biochar exhibited an alkaline surface due to the gradual accumulation of ash and the formation of carbonate and organic anion during high-temperature pyrolysis process. Moreover, the prepared samples were analyzed by different characterization techniques including BET, SEM, and XPS. Adsorption experiments using the optimized biochar sample of SBC800 resulted in a 95% sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal efficiency and the maximum adsorption capacity of 7033.4 mg/kg, which was 47.5 times higher than that of SBC300. The adsorption process of SBC800 for SMX was more in line with the Freundlich and D-A isotherm model, the whole process was an exothermic reaction. SBC800 could effectively remove SMX through pore filling effect, electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic effect, and π-π EDA interaction. Site energy distribution analysis showed that SMX preferentially occupied the high-energy adsorption site of SBC800, and then gradually diffused to the low-energy adsorption site. This study proposed a sustainable method for recycling municipal sludge for organic pollutant removal.
Modeling functional relationships between morphogenetically active radiation and photosynthetic photon flux density in mango tree crown
Authors: Carrié Emma , Grechi Isabelle , Boudon Frédéric , Frak Elzbieta , Combes Didier , Normand Frédéric
Published: October 2023

Light is a key factor in plant ecophysiological modeling because of its crucial effects on plant growth and development. However, solar light quantity and quality change with environmental factors such as sky condition and solar elevation. When passing through a tree crown, light is modified by its interaction with the phytoelements, leaves and axes. This leads to a variability of light quantity and quality within the crown, with consequences on light-related processes such as photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis. We evaluated the effects of positional (depth within the crown) and environmental (sky condition, solar elevation) factors on light quantity and quality within the crown of the tropical evergreen mango tree. Functional relationships were modeled between morphogenetically active radiation variables that describe light quality [narrowband red (Rn), narrowband far-red (FRn), the ratio ζ=Rn : FRn, and UVA-blue (UVA-BL)] and light quantity [photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and relative transmitted PPFD (TrPPFD)]. Light quantity and quality varied within the mango tree crown in a wide range similar to that of a forest. This variability was structured by the depth within the crown as well as by sky condition and solar elevation. Linear relationships linked Rn, FRn and UVA-BL to PPFD, and non-linear relationships linked ζ to TrPPFD. These relationships were strong, accurate and unbiased. They were affected by positional and environmental factors. The results suggested that these relationships were shaped by the characteristics of incident solar light and/or by the interactions between light and phytoelements. Two consequences of interest emerged from this research: i) the modeled relationships allow to infer light quality, that is difficult and time-consuming to simulate, from light quantity modeling within a tree crown, and ii) sky condition and solar elevation should be considered to improve light modeling within a tree crown.
Insight into best practices: a review of long-term monitoring of the rocky intertidal zone of the Northeast Pacific Coast
Authors: Kaplanis Nikolas J.
Published: October 2023

On the shores of the Northeast Pacific Coast, research programs have monitored the rocky intertidal zone for multiple decades across thousands of kilometers, ranking among the longest-term and largest-scale ecological monitoring programs in the world. These programs have produced powerful datasets using simple field methods, and many are now capitalizing on modern field-sampling technology and computing power to collect and analyze biological information at increasing scale and resolution. Considering its depth, breadth, and cutting-edge nature, this research field provides an excellent case study for examining the design and implementation of long-term, large-scale ecological monitoring. I curated literature and interviewed 25 practitioners to describe, in detail, the methods employed in 37 community-level surveys by 18 long-term monitoring programs on the Northeast Pacific Coast, from Baja California, México, to Alaska, United States of America. I then characterized trade-offs between survey design components, identified key strengths and limitations, and provided recommendations for best practices. In doing so, I identified data gaps and research priorities for sustaining and improving this important work. This analysis is timely, especially considering the threat that climate change and other anthropogenic stressors present to the persistence of rocky intertidal communities. More generally, this review provides insight that can benefit long-term monitoring within other ecosystems.
Dependence of element composition of bile of freshwater and marine fishes on some abiotic and biotic factors
Authors: Solovyev Mikhail M. , Shokurova Anastasiya V. , Anishchenko Olesya V. , Vlasenko Pavel G. , Kashinskaya Elena N. , Andree Karl B.
Published: October 2023

Introduction

The elemental composition and physical properties of fish bile is a very important marker for ecotoxicological and physiological studies as bile is able to accumulate elements from environmental compartments. In the present study we focused on the effects of long term (seasons and years) and spatial distance (different water bodies) as well as other biotic (feeding habits, fish species, gut morphology) and abiotic (water salinity) factors on element composition of bile of 429 individuals belonging to 22 forms/species of fishes.

Methods

Element composition was determined using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The fishes were analyzed from one marine (the Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea), two freshwater oligotrophic (Teletskoye and Baunt lakes), and one freshwater eutrophic water body (Chany Lake). In parallel, we have estimated the volume and density of bile from the same fishes using an automatic pipette and electronic balance.

Results and discussion

Based on fish bile density and volume data, we hypothesize that gastric fish species (those fishes that have a stomach) require a low volume of bile, but with higher density if compared to agastric fish species (those lacking a stomach) that mainly possessed large volumes of bile, but with a lower density. We have found that the concentrations of the following Na, K, Ca, Mg, S, P (major elements) and Al, Cu, Fe, Sr, Zn (trace elements) were the highest among the 28 elements studied. There were significant findings to contribute to a better understanding of the physiology of bile. First, we have determined the conditions formed in a water body in a given year (season) are more important for element composition of fish bile rather than other tested factors (feeding habits, gut morphology, etc.). Second, the feeding habits of fishes (carnivorous compared to non-carnivorous) had a significant effect based on differences among several elements. Third, the clear distinction between marine and freshwater fishes was found only for K and Na. Understanding which elements are produced as part of waste elimination and those that are present as a consequence of vital biological functions could improve the ecotoxicological study of bile as a marker of heavy metal contamination.
Study on international carbon emission quota allocation of shipping industry-based on fairness and efficiency
Authors: Hu Zijiang , Huang Yiye , Sun Ling , Qi Xinzhou , Pan Xianghui
Published: October 2023

In 2024, the EU intends to include the global shipping industry in the European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS). Shipping companies will have to pay for the carbon emissions of ships over 5,000 GT on routes between EU and non-EU ports. This paper selects typical shipping companies in the world. Based on the principle of fairness, historical method, baseline method and mixed method are adopted to explore their carbon emission quota allocation. The ZSG-DEA efficiency model is used to evaluate the distribution results and verify the optimal efficiency. The research results show that the mixed method has a high efficiency of allocation. The method predicts that the carbon quota of typical shipping companies in the world will reach the Pareto optimal allocation in 2024 and Maersk has the highest carbon emission quota among the eight typical shipping companies, reaching 32,431,800 tons, followed by MSC and EMC, reaching 8,542,400 tons and 6,809,500 tons, respectively. Based on the results, we can obtain a reasonable allocation of carbon allowances in the EU carbon market according to the proportion of business of shipping companies involved in EU routes. The research is still applicable to the allocation of carbon emmissions in future years. Therefore, this paper provides suggestions for the orderly allocation of carbon quota and carbon trading in the global shipping market.
Effect of cyclic substituents on the anti-cancer activity and DNA interaction of ruthenium(II) bis-phenanthroline dipyridoquinoline
Authors: Nyong-Bassey Etubonesi E. , Hicks Andrew L. , Bergin Poppy , Tuite Eimer M. , Kozhevnikov Valery , Veuger Stephany
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Ruthenium(II) complexes have emerged recently as candidates for anti-cancer therapy, where activity is related to lipohilicity, cellular localization, and specific interactions with biomolecules.

Methods: In this work, two novel complexes were synthesized and are reported based on the [Ru(phen)2(dipyrido[3,2-f:2′,3′-h]quinoxaline]2+ framework.

Results: Compared to the parent complex, annealing of cyclopenteno and cyclohexeno rings to the extended ligand substantially increased cytotoxicity towards a number of cancer cell lines, and induced apoptosis. The complexes localize in the nuclei of cancer cells and co-locate with DAPI on DNA. DNA binding studies show that both complexes bind strongly to DNA and one complex intercalates DNA like the parent, whilst the other appears to have multiple modes of interaction.

Discussion: It is likely that the increased lipophilicity of the novel complexes is a key factor for increasing their cytotoxicity, rather than their DNA binding mode.
Research trends and hotspots regarding treatment of obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Yang Xia , Wen Yi , Xie Shiqi , Chen Jinglan , Liu Yue , Zhou Jianrong
Published: October 2023

Background

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a type of sleep-disordered breathing disease, with high prevalence and multiple complications. It seriously affects patients’ quality of life and even threatens their lives. Early and effective treatment can significantly improve patients’ health conditions.

Objective

In this study, the main treatment methods, research hotspots and trends of OSA were summarized through bibliometric and visualization analysis.

Methods

From the Web of Science Core Collection database, articles on the treatment of OSA from 1999 to 2022 were obtained. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were comprehensively used to visualization of journals, co-authorship of countries, institutions and authors, co-citation of references, keywords cluster and burst.

Results

A total of 2,874 publications were obtained, of which 2,584 were concerned adults and 290 about children. In adults’ research, Sleep and Breathing is the most published journal (280, 10.84%), the largest number of publications come from the United States (636,24.61%) and the University of Sydney (88, 3.41%), and Pepin JL is the most published author (48, 18.58%). In children’s studies, International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology is the most published journal (41, 14.14%), the maximum number of publications were also from the United States (123, 42.41%), with the University of Pennsylvania (20, 6.90%) and Marcus CL (15, 5.17%) being the most published institutions and authors. High-frequency keywords for adults’ researches include positive airway pressure, oral appliance, surgery and positional therapy. On these basis, children’s studies also focus on myofunctional therapy, rapid maxillary expansion and hypoglossal nerve Stimulation.

Conclusion

Over the past two decades, research in the field of OSA therapeutics has experienced significant growth in depth and breadth. The author cooperation network has already established a solid foundation, while there is potential for further strengthening the cooperation network between countries and institutions. Currently, positive airway pressure and surgery are the primary treatments for OSA in adults and children. Future research will focus on multidisciplinary combination targeted therapy, which presents a key area of interest and challenge.
Dietary and lifestyle oxidative balance scores are independently and jointly associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a 20 years nationally representative cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Yuanbin , Chen Mingkai
Published: October 2023

Background

Oxidative stress is an important contributor to the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but whether dietary and lifestyle pro- and antioxidants may have combined or independent effects on NAFLD, and advanced liver fibrosis (AHF) remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between a well-established oxidative balance score (OBS) and NAFLD/AHF.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study. We included adult participants with complete data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2018. Survey-weighted adjusted multivariate regression analyses were used to examine the association of all OBS with NAFLD/AHF. A combination of restricted cubic splines, mediation analysis, stratified analysis, and sensitivity analysis were used to further elucidate these associations.

Results

We included 6,341 eligible adult participants with prevalence of NAFLD and AHF of 30.2 and 13.9%, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, the highest quartile of OBS, dietary OBS, and lifestyle OBS were associated with 65, 55, and 77% reduced risk of NAFLD, respectively, compared with the reference population, respectively. However, all OBS were not associated with the risk of AHF. All OBS were nonlinearly associated with risk of NAFLD and had a more pronounced reduced risk for OBS, dietary OBS, and lifestyle OBS after exceeding 26, 21, and 5 points, respectively. OBS may exert a protective effect indirectly through inflammation, oxidative stress, and glycolipid metabolism markers. Stratification and sensitivity analyses demonstrate the robustness of our findings.

Conclusion

All OBS were nonlinearly and negatively associated with NAFLD risk. These effects may exert indirectly through inflammation, oxidative stress, and glycolipid metabolism markers.
Preferences for the sequencing of first-line systemic treatments in metastatic hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer
Authors: Al Mahmasani Layal , Amhaz Ghid , Abou Zeidane Reine , Chamseddine Nathalie , Hatab Taha , Sabbagh Saad , Charafeddine Maya , Assi Hazem I.
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is a diverse disease. Therapeutic options include hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies. The optimal treatment sequence for patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR-positive), HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer remains unknown.

Methods

This was a retrospective and prospective study. The data was collected from the medical records of patients in a tertiary healthcare center in Lebanon between the years 2016 and 2019, and patients were followed up for a 3-year duration. The main aim was to identify oncologists’ preferences in the choice and sequence of treatment for newly diagnosed and/or recurrent cases of HR-positive, HER2-negative MBC.

Results

A total of 51 patients were included. 24 patients received chemotherapy, while 27 received endocrine therapy as first-line treatment after a diagnosis of MBC, with a median overall survival (OS) of 13 months and a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 12 months after first-line treatment with chemotherapy, compared to 27 months and 18 months with endocrine therapy. A higher percentage of patients have received chemotherapy in the first-line setting compared to the data reported in the literature, with the choice being multifactorial.

Conclusion

Factors to consider in MBC management include the choice of first-line treatment, the optimal sequence of treatment, and the combination of available treatment options.
Risk factors for health impairments in children after hospitalization for acute COVID-19 or MIS-C
Authors: Maddux Aline B. , Young Cameron C. , Kucukak Suden , Zambrano Laura D. , Newhams Margaret M. , Rollins Caitlin K. , Halasa Natasha B. , Gertz Shira J. , Mack Elizabeth H. , Schwartz Stephanie , Kong Michele , Loftis Laura L. , Irby Katherine , Rowan Courtney M. , Tarquinio Keiko M. , Zinter Matt S. , Crandall Hillary , Cvijanovich Natalie Z. , Schuster Jennifer E. , Fitzgerald Julie C. , Staat Mary A. , Hobbs Charlotte V. , Nofziger Ryan A. , Shein Steven , Flori Heidi , Cullimore Melissa L. , Chatani Brandon M. , Levy Emily R. , Typpo Katri V. , Hume Janet R. , Campbell Angela P. , Randolph Adrienne G. ,   the Overcoming COVID-19 Investigators
Published: October 2023

Objective

To identify risk factors for persistent impairments after pediatric hospitalization for acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Methods

Across 25 U.S. Overcoming COVID-19 Network hospitals, we conducted a prospective cohort study of patients <21-years-old hospitalized for acute COVID-19 or MIS-C (May 2020 to March 2022) surveyed 2- to 4-months post-admission. Multivariable regression was used to calculate adjusted risk ratios (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results

Of 232 children with acute COVID-19, 71 (30.6%) had persistent symptoms and 50 (21.6%) had activity impairments at follow-up; for MIS-C (n= 241), 56 (23.2%) had persistent symptoms and 58 (24.1%) had activity impairments. In adjusted analyses of patients with acute COVID-19, receipt of mechanical ventilation was associated with persistent symptoms [aRR 1.83 (95% CI: 1.07, 3.13)] whereas obesity [aRR 2.18 (95% CI: 1.05, 4.51)] and greater organ system involvement [aRR 1.35 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.61)] were associated with activity impairment. For patients with MIS-C, having a pre-existing respiratory condition was associated with persistent symptoms [aRR 3.04 (95% CI: 1.70, 5.41)] whereas obesity [aRR 1.86 (95% CI: 1.09, 3.15)] and greater organ system involvement [aRR 1.26 (1.00, 1.58)] were associated with activity impairments.

Discussion

Among patients hospitalized, nearly one in three hospitalized with acute COVID-19 and one in four hospitalized with MIS-C had persistent impairments for ≥2 months post-hospitalization. Persistent impairments were associated with more severe illness and underlying health conditions, identifying populations to target for follow-up.
Astragalin: a food-origin flavonoid with therapeutic effect for multiple diseases
Authors: Chen Junren , Zhong Kexin , Qin Siqi , Jing Yiqi , Liu Shengmeng , Li Dan , Peng Cheng
Published: October 2023

Naturally occurring flavonoids have long been utilized as essential templates for the development of novel drugs and as critical ingredients for functional foods. Astragalin (AG) is a natural flavonoid that can be isolated from a variety of familiar edible plants, such as the seeds of green tea, Morus alba L., and Cuscuta chinensis. It is noteworthy that AG has a wide range of pharmacological activities and possesses therapeutic effects against a variety of diseases, covering cancers, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, ulcerative colitis, mastitis, obesity, diabetes mellitus, diabetic complications, ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, respiratory diseases, and reproductive system diseases. This article reviewed the natural source and pharmacokinetics of AG and systematically summarized the pharmacological activities and potential mechanisms of AG in treating diverse diseases in order to promote the development of AG as a functional food, in doing so providing references for its clinical application in disease therapy.
Case report: Extrapontine myelinolysis combined with flupentixol- and melitracen-induced dysphagia
Authors: Zhao Zhihong , Han Lu , Zhu Zilong
Published: October 2023

Extrapontine myelinolysis (EPM) is a rare symmetrical demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, which is often accompanied with central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) or can appear alone. A combination of flupentixol and melitracen is used as an antianxiety–antidepressant drug which may induce hyponatremia. Herein, we report a 46-year-old woman with depression who was treated with flupentixol and melitracen 0.5/10 mg once daily for 6 months. Later, the dosage increased to 0.5/10 mg twice daily. At the same time, she had complains of intermittent dizziness and fatigue. The laboratory test revealed hyponatremia (121 mmol/L). Dizziness was improved after sodium supplementation, with an increase in blood sodium to 133 mmol/L. Twenty days later, she had difficulty opening the mouth and swallowing, needing a gastric tube due to severe dysphagia. Head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a symmetric abnormal signal of caudate nucleus and lenticular nuclei. The symptoms were not relieved after active treatment, such as rehydration. However, her symptoms improved significantly after discontinuation of flupentixol and melitracen and switching to promethazine. Follow-up head MRI after 4 months revealed no abnormal signals. The patient who developed EPM had dysphagia, despite appropriate correction of hyponatremia. Flupentixol and melitracen can cause hyponatremia and dysphagia. This case highlights an unexpected association between EPM and flupentixol- and melitracen-induced dysphagia.