bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factores Asociados a la Insuficiencia Respiratoria como causa de muerte directa en el Perú durante los años 2017 - 2019
Authors:   , Aguirre Chirinos Aranza Mia , Vallejos Vallo Maria Fernanda
Published: August 2024

Objetivo General: Evaluar los factores asociados a la insuficiencia respiratoria como causa de muerte en el Perú entre los años 2017 y 2019. Metodología: se realizó un estudio transversal analítico basado en el análisis de la base de datos del Sistema Informático Nacional de Defunciones (SINADEF) de enero del 2017 a diciembre del 2019. La población está compuesta de 163356 fallecidos (39226 por insuficiencia respiratoria y 124130 por otras causas). Para el análisis se utilizó la herramienta STATA 17 y los métodos de Chi2 y regresión de Poisson. Resultados: Se encontraron datos significativos de prevalencia de fallecimiento en el sexo masculino, ancianos, personas con estado civil casado, grado de educacion pre-escolar/inical/primaria, departamentos con IDH medio, quintil de pobreza media, fallecimiento en mes de octubre y otros tipos de seguro. En el análisis de tasa de frecuencia de mortalidad, la prevalencia la tuvieron el departamento de Ica, la provincia de Ascope y el distrito de Condorcoma. Conclusiones: Frente a los resultados conseguidos, se recomienda indagar con más investigaciones sobre la prevalencia de fallecimientos de personas con insuficiencia respiratoria, para así poder seguir ampliando conocimientos sobre las tendencias de la población frente a un escenario sin pandemia por COVID-19
Centro de Atención Integral para Personas con diabetes y sobrepeso
Authors:   , Gomez de la Torre Sanchez Jorge Alonso
Published: August 2024

Para el año 2021 se calculó que un aproximado de 537 millones de personas padecen de diabetes a nivel mundial y el 80% de ellas se encuentra en países de ingresos bajos y medios, como es el caso de Perú. En los últimos años se ha dado mayor visibilidad a la deficiencia con la que se trata a pacientes con enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) como lo son la diabetes y el sobrepeso. Este problema sanitario se debe a varios factores, siendo lo más recurrentes la deficiencia en la atención médica, la prevención ante malos hábitos alimenticios, la baja promoción a los problemas de llevar una vida sedentaria, y la escasa atención psicológica. Por ello, el Centro de Atención Integral para personas con Diabetes y Sobrepeso busca ofrecer espacios que brinden atención especializada para personas que padezcan una o ambas enfermedades, es decir que ofrezcan espacios de diagnóstico, tratamiento, control, investigación e interacción, así como de prevención, información y promoción de hábitos saludables para la comunidad. Para el diseño se toman en cuenta criterios de la arquitectura sensorial buscando brindar herramientas de estimulación y apoyo antes síntomas comunes como la inseguridad, frustración, ansiedad y falta de confianza, ante esto se plantean espacios o núcleos sensoriales que apoyan la terapia cognitiva y conductual como el manejo de la luz, el juego de texturas, el manejo de filtros visuales hacia el entorno y la incorporación de vegetación para el aporte del color y olor.
Can Issue-based Programming Work to Tackle Corruption in Kenya?
Authors: Huq Aurin
Published: August 2024

The rapid evidence review examines the effectiveness of issue-based programming in combating corruption in Kenya. It highlights lessons from case studies in Malawi, Nigeria, Ghana, Bangladesh, and Tanzania, emphasising the importance of adaptive, flexible, and politically informed program designs. Key insights include the need for strategic patience, building trust among stakeholders, aligning approaches with government interests, and involving committed individuals and strong civil society. Success relies on local context adaptation, evidence-based advocacy, and stakeholder mobilisation.
The Role of Private Investment in Poverty Reduction and Factors Determining Investment Inflows and Outcomes
Authors: Haider Huma
Published: August 2024

This rapid literature review examines the role of private investment, especially foreign direct investment (FDI), in poverty reduction and economic development. It explores sources of private financing, relationships between foreign and domestic investment, and the channels through which private investment can alleviate poverty. Findings on FDI’s impact are mixed, with various determinants such as financial development, human capital, infrastructure, political stability, and economic stability influencing FDI inflows and outcomes. Key findings are provided to enhance investment and poverty reduction outcomes.
Special Intellectual Property Protection for Traditional Cultural Expressions: Rectifying Broad Legal Approaches
Authors: Agustianto Agustianto , Disemadi Hari Sutra , Hariyanto Oda Ignatius Besar , Sihombing Dame Afrina
Published: August 2024

The legal protection of cultural diversity within the context of Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCEs) is not governed by specific legislation, which can significantly hinder the protection and validity of cultural expressions. Utilizing normative legal research methods, this study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the urgency of establishing a specialized legal regime that recognizes and safeguards TCEs as a unique form of communal intellectual property. The analysis supported with a statutory approach indicates that there is a strong urgency to form this specialized legal regime, highlighting normative conflicts in existing regulations. The analysis also outlines how the formation of this regime can be accomplished by referring to a comprehensive normative framework and considering the unique elements that constitute TCEs. The research findings show that existing regulations have not been able to provide adequate protection for TCEs, especially in the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, which demands more comprehensive protection, particularly in the digital realm. Therefore, the establishment of this specialized legal regime becomes a crucial step in addressing new challenges in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0.
Manajemen Perubahan Lembaga Pendidikan Pada Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Balikpapan
Authors: Hamid Abdul , Muadin Ahmad
Published: August 2024

This study investigates effective change management strategies to enhance the quality of education at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Balikpapan. Through a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis, the study explores the necessary steps in designing, implementing, and evaluating changes within the educational institution context. The research findings indicate that the implementation of appropriate change management strategies, such as strengthening leadership, empowering educators, developing relevant curricula, optimizing resources, and actively engaging various stakeholders, significantly contributes to improving the quality of education. Strong leadership, educator empowerment through training and collaboration, and the development of student-focused curricula emerge as key factors in achieving change goals. Furthermore, resource optimization and active involvement of parents, school committees, and the community are also crucial in creating conducive learning environments and supporting the change process. By comprehensively and sustainably applying these strategies, Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Balikpapan has the potential to continuously enhance the quality of education and better prepare students to face future challenges. This study contributes to understanding the importance of change management in the educational context and provides practical guidance for educational institutions in navigating ongoing change dynamics.
Enhancing Beauty with Botox: A Maqasid al-Shari'ah Perspective
Authors: Rahma Hanim Azzahra  , Qurrota A’yun  , Musyafa'ah Nur Lailatul , Gatralina Sekar Harum Ael Yanda
Published: August 2024

Many women employ various methods to enhance their beauty and attractiveness, with Botox being a popular choice. Consequently, numerous beauty clinics now offer Botox therapy, despite its potential side effects. This article aims to explore Botox therapy for beauty from the perspective of maqasid al-shari’ah. The study was conducted at a beauty clinic (referred to as XD) using field research methods, including interviews and literature review. Data were analyzed descriptively through the lens of maqasid al-shari’ah. The study found that Botox therapy at the XD clinic is used to address health issues, particularly those related to muscle failure. Additionally, it is utilized for aesthetic purposes, such as reducing facial wrinkles. However, frequent or improperly performed Botox treatments can pose risks to patients. From the perspective of maqasid al-shari’ah, Botox use is closely linked to the preservation of life (hifz al-nafs). Thus, Botox can be considered permissible (mubah), especially for medical reasons. For purely cosmetic purposes without medical necessity, it is deemed undesirable (makruh). It is crucial that Botox procedures are performed by qualified professionals.
Juridical Analysis of Forestry Criminal Law Enforcement by Corporations in Environmental Fiqh Framework
Authors: Mangkunegara RM. Armaya
Published: August 2024

The application of the precautionary principle in enforcing forestry law in Indonesia is a very important principle for protecting forests and the environment. This precautionary principle emphasizes efforts to prevent environmental damage and avoid irreversible risks. This research aims to analyze the application of the Precautionary Principle in Forestry Criminal Law Enforcement carried out by Corporations from the perspective of juridical jurisprudence and the environment. This research employs normative legal methods using various approaches, including the environmental fiqh approach, statutory approach, conceptual approach, case approach, and comparative approach. Implementation of the Precautionary Principle in the context of forestry crime cases involving corporations can be realized through the application of the principle of strict responsibility. The government has issued Law Number 18 of 2013 concerning Prevention and Eradication of Forest Destruction (P3H) as a step to improve Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry. Judges who handle cases against companies that violate Law Number 18 of 2013 concerning Prevention and Eradication of Forest Destruction (P3H) must consider the existing situation and conditions, taking into account the level of damage that has occurred and the impact of forest damage caused by the corporation. From an environmental fiqh perspective, the precautionary principle is in line with the concept of preserving nature (hifz al-bi'ah) which is part of maqasid al-shariah (goals of sharia). This research suggests increasing the capacity of law enforcement through training and outreach regarding the precautionary principle, as well as closer integration between positive law and environmental fiqh values ​​within the framework of forestry criminal law.
Antibacterial assessment of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam on inhibition of the growth and biofilm of Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Syafriza Dharli , Hasanah Uswatun , Hidayatullah Taufiqi , Rifki Ayudia , Gani Basri A.
Published: August 2024

Background: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) causes dental caries. S. mutans biofilms are inhibited by the antibacterial properties of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam (Z. mauritiana Lam). Purpose: Evaluating the potential of Z. mauritiana Lam in inhibiting the growth and biofilm formation of S. mutans ATCC 25175 in vitro. Methods: This study used the ethanolic extract of Z. mauritiana Lam as the test material and S. mutans as the research subject. Spectrophotometry (620 nm) was used to assess the growth of S. mutans, the inhibition of S. mutans biofilm using a 1% crystal violet staining was measured by spectrophotometry (520 nm), and the visualization of the biofilm mass was conducted with an electric microscope (200x). Results: At all concentrations, Z. mauritiana Lam displayed excellent growth inhibition of S. mutans 0.04–0.09 (< 300 CFU/mL) and was able to inhibit the formation of S. mutans biofilm with a strong scale of optical density (OD) 0.4 at 24 hours incubation time. At the same time, the incubation time of 48 and 72 hours tended to have moderate-scale biofilm inhibition (OD 0.2–3.9). At a concentration of 25%, the biofilm mass decreased by a relatively small size, the same as the positive control group. At 50%, 12.5%, and 6.25%, it was seen that the S. mutans biofilm mass experienced a dominant loss. Conclusion: Z. mauritiana Lam can be bacteriostatic against the growth of S. mutans and can inhibit the formation of biofilms by degrading the structure and mass of S. mutans biofilms.
Vietnam in the democratization process: Dynamics from the process of international integration and the development of information-communication technology
Authors: Thoa Tu Thi
Published: August 2024

This article delves into the complex dynamics of Vietnam’s democratization process, highlighting the simultaneous influences of international integration and advancements in science and technology. This study investigates the impact of Vietnam’s increasing involvement in the global economy and international community, as well as its adoption of technological advancements, on the country’s path toward democratization. The study utilizes a mixed approach, blending qualitative analysis of scientific documents, Vietnamese government policies, and quantitative data on the democracy index from international organizations. It identifies international integration as a double edged sword: on one hand, it boosts economic growth and development, driving the democratic transition process forward; on the other hand, it also leads to economic dependence and inequality, potentially impeding democratic reform. The findings of this study show that the rapid progress of science and technology, especially information and communication technology, presents both opportunities and difficulties for Vietnam’s democratic process. It provides unparalleled opportunities for widespread involvement in political activities and the spread of democratic principles, but it also carries the risk of social unrest and the potential for the authoritarian state to control and manipulate information.
Reconstruction of vitamin C test worksheet for junior high school with ANCOR stages
Authors: Resti Novita , Supriatno Bambang , Amprasto Amprasto
Published: August 2024

Practicum is one of the learning methods that can help students construct various psychomotor, higher-order thinking skills and characterize learning outcomes. One factor determining the practicum's success is the use of worksheets. However, currently, many worksheets do not meet the standards and do not show knowledge construction. In addition, there has been no research on the reconstruction of the vitamin C test worksheet. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and reconstruct the vitamin C test worksheet. The method used is descriptive qualitative with three stages: analysis, trial, and reconstruction. The population in this study was represented by vitamin C test worksheets for junior high school class VIII used by teachers. The sample in this study was one of the worksheets used in learning at school, circulating on the internet, and having incomplete components. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The analysis showed that the worksheet does not comply with the standards, so it is necessary to reconstruct the worksheet so as not to cause errors in student practicum activities. The reconstruction of this worksheet can be an alternative to overcome the current worksheet's shortcomings.Abstrak. Praktikum merupakan salah satu metode pembelajaran yang dapat membantu siswa mengonstruksi berbagai keterampilan psikomotorik, berpikir tingkat tinggi, dan mengkarakterisasi hasil belajar. Salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan praktikum adalah penggunakan lembar kerja siswa. Namun, saat ini, masih banyak lembar kerja siswa yang tidak memenuhi standar dan tidak menunjukkan konstruksi pengetahuan. Selain itu, belum ada penelitian mengenai rekonstruksi lembar kerja uji vitamin c. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan analisis dan rekonstruksi lembar kerja uji vitamin c. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan tiga tahapan yaitu analisis, uji coba dan rekonstruksi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar kerja siswa mengenai uji vitamin c di Sekolah Menengah Pertama kelas VIII yang digunakan oleh guru. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah salah satu lembar kerja yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran di sekolah, beredar di internet dan komponennya tidak lengkap. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa lembar kerja siswa belum memenuhi standar sehingga perlu dilakukan rekonstruksi agar tidak menimbulkan kesalahan dalam kegiatan praktikum siswa. Rekonstruksi lembar kerja ini dapat menjadi lembar kerja alternatif  untuk mengatasi kekurangan lembar kerja yang ada saat ini.
Le littoral de la commune de Kafountine, espace de cohabitation difficile pour le tourisme balnéaire : étude de l’axe Abéné-Kafountine
Authors: BOCOUM Sadou , BARTOUT Pascal , FAYE Cheikh , TOUCHART Laurent
Published: August 2024

Les littoraux sont des zones de concentration de différentes activités socio-économiques qui sont parfois difficiles à concilier. Le tourisme balnéaire par exemple, exige une plage de qualité et des eaux de baignade propres, ce qui peut entrer en conflit avec d'autres activités comme la pêche et la transformation des produits marins. Cet article vise à examiner comment l'occupation désordonnée des zones côtières par différentes activités socio-économiques impacte le tourisme côtier, et à proposer des solutions pour une gestion plus rationnelle de ces espaces. L’étude s’est focalisée sur le littoral de l’axe Abéné-Kafountine, au sud Sénégal. Une première évaluation de l'occupation des zones côtières entre Abéné et Kafountine a été effectuée pour analyser les conflits d'utilisation et leurs effets sur le tourisme. La méthodologie combine la cartographie des activités et une approche qualitative basée sur des entretiens et des observations. Les résultats de la cartographie de ces installations montrent une occupation anarchique du littoral, avec une centralisation des quais de pêche à Kafountine et à Abéné et la répartition de part et d’autre des aménagements touristiques. Cette situation combinée à un problème d’aménagement entraîne l’insalubrité de la plage. Les résultats des enquêtes qualitatives permettent de constater la frustration des hôteliers et des touristes qui déplorent la prolifération des ordures et la fumée sur la plage, ce qui pénalise le secteur touristique. Des pistes sont enfin explorées pour envisager une gestion durable et concertée de ces territoires.
Proposition d’une approche territorialisée de la frontière lacustre : l’exemple des cartographies mentales du Léman (France/Suisse)
Authors: GAUTIER Julien , BARTOUT Pascal , TOUCHART Laurent
Published: August 2024

Le concept de « frontière lacustre » pose de nombreuses questions quand il s'agit de prendre en compte la diversité des enjeux aquatiques face aux problématiques environnementales et politiques contemporaines. D'une logique de séparation, il faut penser coopération avec un élément aqueux qui se soustrait aux réalités terrestres de la frontière. Délimiter un objet lacustre, marqué par ses mouvements et sa profondeur, peut tout à fait se penser, même en cartographie. Par contre, une cartographie linéaire de la frontière peut avoir comme effet d'ancrer la représentation d'une limite forte, même quand elle peut être imperceptible dans la réalité. Il faut donc sortir des représentations classiques linéaires renforçant l'image d'une limite intangible, plus ou moins épaisse. Dans cet article, il est proposé d'utiliser l'outil de la cartographie mentale pour analyser le regard porté par les individus sur la réalité frontalière du lac Léman. Dans une volonté de proposer un regard géographique original, le public choisi est constitué de jeunes enfants (autour de 10 ans) qui ont participé à la croisière d'été « Eau'tour du Léman ». Cet événement, organisé par l'Association de sauvegarde du Léman, a permis de montrer la diversité des regards entre séparation politique et lieu commun à protéger.
Structural Stigma and Disparities in Long-Term Health Conditions Among Australians in Same-Sex Relationships: 2021 Australian Census
Authors: Saxby Karinna , Zhang Yuting , Aitken Zoe
Published: August 2024

Objectives.  To explore the extent to which structural stigma (sociocultural and institutional constraining factors) is associated with sexual orientation disparities in long-term health conditions.

Methods.  We measured structural stigma using the regional percentage of votes against same-sex marriage from Australia’s 2017 Marriage Equality Survey and mapped this to the 2021 Census survey of 10 093 399 and 136 988 individuals in different-sex and same-sex relationships, respectively. Controlling for individual and area-level confounders, we used logistic regression analyses to examine the association between quartiles of structural stigma and sexual orientation disparities in long-term health conditions (e.g., any, mental health, asthma, cardiovascular).

Results.  In the lowest stigma quartile, individuals in same-sex relationships had 56% higher odds of reporting any long-term health condition (odds ratio [OR] = 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.53, 1.59) and this increased to 63% in the highest stigma quartile (OR = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.58, 1.68). Effects were particularly pronounced for cardiovascular, respiratory, and mental health conditions as well as for men, younger populations, and those living in socioeconomically deprived regions.

Conclusions.  Living in stigmatizing environments may have deleterious health effects for sexual minorities in Australia. Policy action and enhanced protections for sexual minorities are urgently required. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(10):1110–1122. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307759 )
Combined Irreducible Femoral Head Fracture-Dislocation and Ipsilateral Segmental Femur Fracture
Authors: Buesser Katherine E. , Miller Anna N.
Published: August 2024

Case:

A 48-year-old man presented to a Level 1 trauma center after a motor vehicle crash with a right irreducible posterior hip dislocation and ipsilateral fractures of the femoral head and segmental femur shaft. This injury was managed with open reduction and internal fixation and antegrade intramedullary nailing.

Conclusion:

This is the first report of a combined irreducible femoral head fracture-dislocation and a segmental femur fracture, a rare injury that requires a stepwise approach to operative management of each injury. Surgeons must recognize the clinical and radiographic findings associated with irreducible hip dislocations in the setting of ipsilateral fractures to the femoral head and shaft.
Diagnosis and Management of Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease in the Obese Pediatric Population
Authors: Beckish Lauren , Ging Madison , Mosman Maria , Kelley Cody , Wilkin Landree , Wills Olivia , Adams Madison , Pinion Cassidy , Bilica Cheyenne , Anderson Alavia , Sims Margaret , Beckish Michael , Schmitt Deanna M.
Published: August 2024

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a condition marked by temporary blood flow disruption to the proximal femur, commonly afflicting children aged 15 years and younger. The etiology of the disease is often idiopathic and involves the development of avascular necrosis of the femoral head, subsequently leading to bone weakening and deformity. Obesity exacerbates LCPD, correlating with delayed diagnosis, increased disease severity, and bilateral involvement. Leptin, growth hormone, and other inflammatory mediator alterations in obese individuals contribute to the pathogenesis. Treatment ranges from conservative measures to surgery, with particular challenges in obese patients. An improved understanding of the impact of obesity on LCPD progression is crucial for tailored management and optimal outcomes.
Estudo analítico e computacional de domínio numérico de matrizes
Authors: Pereira Fabiana Correia , Ferreira João Socorro Pinheiro , Felixon Tomy
Published: August 2024

Este artigo científico apresenta os resultados da pesquisa sobre Domínio Numérico de Matrizes Complexas. Na primeira parte, abordamos as principais propriedades e suas respectivas demonstrações, destacando-se a propriedade P8 sobre convexidade do domínio numérico, demonstrada através do Teorema de Toeplitz-Hausdorff. Na segunda parte, mostramos como determinar o domínio numérico de uma matriz, além de fazer sua representação gráfico no plano complexo, para tanto, utilizamos o teorema do domínio elíptico, pois ao ser representado no plano complexo, o domínio numérico revela informações valiosas sobre o comportamento dos autovalores da matriz e sua geometria associada. A terceira e última parte do trabalho, é determinar o domínio numérico de uma matriz arbitrária, com seus respectivos autovalores, através de aproximações numéricas, para tanto, implementamos, através do programa MATLAB, um algoritmo, proposto por Charles R. Johnson.
Desenvolvendo a visualização: uma prática envolvendo Geogebra 3D e elementos da geometria descritiva
Authors: Ferreira Lucas Lima , Conceição Jefferson Correia da , Ferreira Maridete Cunha Brito
Published: August 2024

Este é um recorte de uma pesquisa que objetivou investigar se a prática em construir e projetar objetos geométricos através do Geogebra 3D contribui com o desenvolvimento da Visualização. É uma pesquisa bibliográfica, pré-experimental e qualitativa. Com a revisão de literatura compreendemos o fenônemo da Visualização, os benefícios do uso de softwares de geometria dinâmica no estudo de geometria e a contribuição da Geometria Descritiva com relação a imaginarmos objetos no espaço. A teoria que nos embasa é posta por Angel Gutierrez com respeito a uma caracterização para a Visualização. Obtemos a resposta para a questão de pesquisa através de uma atividade aplicada em licenciandos de matemática da Universidade do Estado da Bahia. Em suma, com a análise dos dados coletados detectamos indícios de ganhos na Habilidades de Visualização dos participantes.
Área de um triângulo e suas alturas
Authors: Nery Chico , Oliveira Edmundo Capelas de
Published: August 2024

Com toda a certeza, o estudo das propriedades do triângulo e seus elementos, desempenha papel preponderante no estudo da geometria plana, também conhecida como geometria sintética. A partir deste estudo, por exemplo, o cálculo da área de outras figuras, tais como paralelogramo e trapézio, dentre outros, decorre de forma bastante natural, pois, em geral, podemos decompor tal figura plana em triângulos, somando as respectivas áreas a fim de obter a área da figura em questão. Aqui, neste trabalho, apresenta-se e discute-se uma relação entre a área de um triângulo e a área de seu correspondente triângulo cujos lados são o inverso das alturas do triângulo. Mostra-se que o produto dessas duas áreas é uma constante numérica, um resultado bastante interessante e aparentemente novo. Casos particulares são discutidos.
Technology Focus: Formation Evaluation (August 2024)
Authors: Chen Zhiming
Published: August 2024

Formation evaluation stands as a cornerstone in determining the potential of a wellbore in the exploration, development, and production of oil and gas resources. Using a suite of tools such as well logging, core analysis, formation testing, and well-testing analysis, formation evaluation provides critical insights into reservoir properties. For instance, well-test analysis enables reservoir-parameter inversions, well-productivity evaluation, and reservoir-boundaries identification for both conventional and unconventional reservoirs.

The inherent subjectivity of human interpretation, however, can introduce challenges, often resulting in nonunique solutions during certain formation evaluation processes. This subjectivity can lead to inefficiencies and inaccuracies in predictions or estimations.

Fortunately, recent advancements in computing power and artificial-intelligence (AI) algorithms have catalyzed a paradigm shift within the field. Machine-learning techniques, renowned for their robust nonlinear regression capabilities, are being increasingly explored for formation evaluation, offering the potential for enhanced accuracy and efficiency. Consequently, the integration of AI into formation evaluation workflows has garnered significant attention.

The papers featured here highlight the practical applications of AI in formation evaluation. In paper IPTC 23411, a case study combines rock typing and machine-learning neural-network techniques to predict permeability in heterogeneous carbonate formations in an Abu Dhabi offshore field. Shifting focus to southern Iraq, paper SPE 218890 evaluates various imputation techniques for predicting missing core permeability and porosity in a carbonate reservoir, demonstrating the adaptability of AI across diverse geological settings. Furthermore, a case study in paper IPTC 23381 from Northern Colombia demonstrates the efficacy of AI in determining electrical properties by integrating log data, rock types, facies, and digital core analyses.

The integration of AI within the oil and gas industry is rapidly gaining momentum. With ongoing advancements, the future of formation evaluation promises transformative changes, leading to more-efficient and accurate reservoir characterization methodologies.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 218881 Advancing Reservoir Understanding: Integrating Deep Learning Into Automated Formation Microimaging Log Interpretation for Enhanced Reservoir Characterization and Management by Amr Gharieb, Khalda Petroleum, et al.

SPE 218859 Formation Evaluation and Behind-Casing Opportunity Analysis Using Multioutput Regression and Machine-Learning Techniques by H. Hassani, RiseHill Energy Solution, et al.

IPTC 23372 Decoding the Stratigraphic Heterogeneity of Bengal Basin, India, Using Supervised Machine Learning—A Case Study by Arijit Sahu, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, et al.
Unveiling the authenticity evaluation and neural response to online health rumors: An ERPs study
Authors: Ding Yi , Yang Xinyue , Zhang Wengang , Lyu Wei , Wang Mia Y.
Published: August 2024

The surging infodemic of COVID-19-related rumors constitutes a tremendous societal challenge during the pandemic.Prior work has focused primarily on the psychological aspects of rumors, such as beliefs and behaviors evoked by rumors and the continued influence effect of rumors.Studying the brain activity of individuals who detect rumors is a straightforward method to comprehend how rumors are processed.However, Studies have consequently been scarce using such a method.In this study, we performed a trial to gather data on behavior and EEG activity while identifying rumors.Participants completed a task assessing credibility, where they read and evaluated the credibility of 80 randomly presented rumors.Only 22% of participants were able to identify false rumors more accurately than random chance in our study.The ERPs findings indicate that truth decisions elicit increased negative ERPs (N400) compared to false decisions, while false decisions result in larger positive ERPs (P2, P3, and LPP) than truth decisions.Furthermore, our research discovered gender disparities in information processing linked to brain function, potentially resulting from varying strategies utilized.Men showed greater positive P2 and improved N400 compared to women.Females exhibited greater P3 and LPP amplitudes than males when detecting the rumors.This study adds to existing research by being one of the initial efforts to explore the changing patterns of brain activity while processing rumors during the COVID-19 outbreak, and uncovering gender disparities in decision-making regarding rumors.
The relationships between clinical nurse leadership and emotional labor, psychological detachment, and perceived organizational support: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wei Rongsai , Liang Zhuolin , Li Xumiao , Ma Hongwen , Li Yuling , Liu Jingying
Published: August 2024

Background With the development of society, people are gradually realizing the importance of nursing leadership, which is important for nursing services and the development of nurses. However, there is still a lack of research on nursing leadership in China, which is worthy of further research. Method Using convenient sampling, 263 nurses from three tertiary hospitals in Tianjin were selected and completed the leadership survey questionnaires for a cross-sectional survey study. The study included demographic characteristics, the Emotional Labor Scale, the Psychological Detachment Scale, the Perceived Organizational Support Scale, and the Clinical Leadership Survey. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis were performed on the data. Results The average leadership score of the clinical nurses was 4.53 ± 0.54 points. Clinical leadership was positively correlated with emotional labor (p < 0.01, r = 0.432) and perceived organizational support (p < 0.01, r = 0.538). Clinical leadership is negatively correlated with psychological detachment (r=-0.186, p < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis revealed that emotional labor (β = 0.304, p < 0.001) and perceived organizational support (β = 0.439, p < 0.001) accounted for 44.5% of the variance in nurses’ leadership after controlling for demographic variables. Conclusion Clinical nurses have a high level of leadership, and emotional labor and perceived organizational support are important influencing factors. This study provides important evidence for improving nurse leadership. Nursing managers should pay more attention to the psychological and emotional issues of nurses and provide better emotional and instrumental support for clinical nurses. This approach can improve the leadership level of nurses.
WITHDRAWN: The role of students’ higher-order thinking skills in the relationship between academic achievements and machine learning using generative AI chatbots
Authors: Pellas Nikolaos
Published: August 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Rhodioloside attenuated atherosclerosis progression by inhibiting VCAM-1 gene transcription mediated by p65 activation and CSN5 deubiquitination in endothelial cells
Authors: Ji Jing , Tang Wenlian , Liu Xingquan , Luo Lin , Xin Xin , Ju Nana , Xiong Huarong , Wu Ping , Zhang Xian , Zhang Daiwei , Yu Lan , Li Gen , Zhao Feipeng , Wang Jianing , Liu Chao , Zhang Xu
Published: August 2024

Monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion played a pivotal role in the initial stages of Atherosclerosis (AS) progression, exacerbating lipid disturbance and worsening the condition. Rhodioloside (Rho), a renowned compound in traditional Chinese medicine, possesses diverse pharmacological attributes, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-metabolic dysregulation, and neuroprotective properties. However, the exact mechanism by which Rho exerts its anti-AS effect is still not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic benefits of Rho in combating AS. ApoE−/− mice were fed with a High Fat Diet (HFD) and administered Rho treatment. The investigation evaluated the expression levels of GATA2, CSN5, and VCAM-1 proteins in the endothelium of the aorta. The findings revealed that Rho treatment led to a reduction in the protein expression of GATA2, CSN5, and VCAM-1 in the aortic endothelium, accompanied by decreased phosphorylation of p65. Furthermore, Rho inhibited the ubiquitination of GATA2 and weakened the interaction between PP2Ac and I2PP2A. Additionally, Rho directly suppressed the transcriptional activity of the NF-κB subunit p65 by targeting the I2PP2A-PP2Ac axis.
Adjustable Fabrication and Evaluation of Regenerated Chitin Fibers with Partial Deacetylation
Authors: Xue Sen , Zhang Zihao , Zhang Guorui , Wu Kai , Tan Hong , Fu Qiang
Published: August 2024

Chitin, distinguished by its nitrogen-rich acetamido and amino groups, imparts a distinctive cationic nature, enabling chitin with indispensable features in various applications. However, the degree of deacetylation (DD)- a key molecular-level structural determinant- has not been adequately addressed in prior studies despite its critical role in influencing chitin's properties across multiple scales. Here, by controlling the degree of acetylation, we achieved extensive tunability of the properties of regenerated chitin fibers and systematically investigated the effects of deacetylation on their structure-property relationship, relying on an aqueous KOH/urea solution green dissolution system. It is found that deacetylation is associated with the decrease of solution viscosity and the increase of solution stability, thereby improving the spinnability and augmenting the mechanical and antimicrobial qualities of fibers. Optimal overall performance is achieved with chitin exhibiting a DD of 30–40%. This work provides a deeper understanding of the structure, properties, and applications of chitin, and endows more possibilities for the production of regenerated chitin.
Cardiomyocyte mitochondrial mono-ADP-ribosylation dictates cardiac tolerance to sepsis by configuring bioenergetic reserve
Authors: Li Jun , Chen Xiaoqiang , Yuan Tianyou , Zheng Danchuan , Li Fangfang , Xu Hao , Ye Maoqing , Liu Shaowen
Published: August 2024

The metabolic plasticity of tissues determines the degree and reversibility of organ damage under inflammatory challenges. Still, countermeasures for myocardial metabolic breakdown are absent while treating septic cardiomyopathy (SCM). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide signaling is fundamental to cellular metabolic homeostasis and inflammatory reactions. Here we revealed that genetic and pharmacological inactivation of mono-ADP-ribosyl hydrolase MacroD1 enriched in cardiomyocytes counteracted myocardial metabolic impairment, inflammation, dysfunction, and mortality risk induced by lipopolysaccharide and cecal ligation and puncture in mice. Mechanistically, MacroD1 selectively modulated the mitochondrialcomplex I (MCI) activity most vulnerable to early sepsis. Its inhibition enhanced mono-ADP-ribosylation of NDUFB9, an accessory assembly factor of MCI proton-pumping module ND5, and therefore binding to ND5 for preserving MCI activity in sepsis, restraining bioenergetic deficiency, oxidative stress-coupled NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes. Thus, MacroD1 dictates cardiac tolerance to sepsis by configuring MCI-coupled bioenergetic reserve and pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes. Blockade of MacroD1 promises specific prevention of SCM.
An Open-source Fine-tuned Large Language Model for Radiological Impression Generation: A Multi-reader Performance Study
Authors: Serapio Adrian , Chaudhari Gunvant , Savage Cody , Lee Yoo Jin , Vella Maya , Srid Shravan , Schroeder Jamie , Liu Jonathan , Yala Adam , Sohn Jae Ho
Published: August 2024

Background
The impression section integrates key findings of a radiology report but can be subjective and variable. A fine-tuned open-source Large Language Model (LLM) was evaluated in its ability to generate radiological report impressions across different imaging modalities and hospitals. We sought to clinically validate an open-source fine-tuned LLM that automatically generates impressions to summarize radiology reports.
Methods
In this institutional review board-approved retrospective study, we fine-tuned an open-source LLM to generate the impression from the remainder of the radiology report. CT, US, and MRI radiology reports from Hospital 1 (n = 372716) and Hospital 2 (n = 60049), both under a single institution, were included in this study. The ROUGE score was used for automatic natural language evaluation and a reader study with five thoracic radiologists was performed for a clinical evaluation of CT chest impressions with a subspecialist baseline. We also stratified the results of the reader performance study based on the diagnosis category and the original impression length to gauge case complexity.
Results
The large language model achieved ROUGE-L scores of 46.51, 44.2, and 50.96 on the Hospital 1 dataset across the CT, US, and MRI modalities respectively. Upon external validation on the Hospital 2 independent test dataset, the model achieved ROUGE-L scores of 40.74, 37.89, and 24.61 for the same set of modalities. For the reader performance study, the model achieved overall mean scores of 3.56/4, 3.92/4, and 3.37/4, 18.29 seconds, and 12.32 words for clinical accuracy, grammatical accuracy, stylistic quality, edit time, and edit distance respectively. The LLM achieved the highest clinical accuracy ratings for acute/emergent findings. In terms of impression length, the LLM performed the best in clinical accuracy on shorter impressions.
Conclusions
We demonstrated that an open-source fine-tuned LLM can generate high-quality radiological impressions of clinical accuracy, grammatical accuracy, and stylistic quality across multiple imaging modalities and hospitals.
Cypriot Teachers’ digital skills and attitudes towards AI
Authors: Kasinidou Maria , Kleanthous Styliani , Otterbacher Jahna
Published: August 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now everywhere, including in the classroom. Thus, it is crucial for teachers not only to be able to use AI, but also to understand it, as they bear the responsibility of teaching the next generation with and about AI. Although there have been extensive discussions about the importance of digital skills and knowledge of AI, limited research has focused on the attitudes, digital skills, and AI literacy levels of teachers, within small populations where English is not the native language, such as Cyprus. Our study addresses this gap by adapting the General Attitudes Towards AI Scale (GAAIS) and the AI Literacy Scale (AILS) into the Greek language, and investigating the digital skills, attitudes towards AI, AI literacy, and intentions to teach and use AI among teachers in Cyprus. The Greek versions of GAAIS and AILS have been validated, demonstrating good validity and reliability.Our findings also indicate that Cypriot teachers generally possess intermediate digital skills, but maintain neutral attitudes towards AI and exhibit intermediate levels of AI literacy. Moreover, we discovered significant positive correlations between teachers' digital skills and their AI literacy, attitudes towards AI, and intentions to use and teach AI.
Using Quantum Atomics and Machine Learning to Advance Picotechnology
Authors: MacDougall Preston J. , Donthula Kiran K.
Published: August 2024

We explore the use of machine learning to predict spectroscopic properties and interaction energies of the carbonyl groups in 225 ketones, aldehydes, imides, and amides. In the combined spirit of Density Functional Theory (DFT) and the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM), but with an eye toward eventually using databases of transferable fragment densities, we limit the training data to small sets of descriptors (from 18 to 48 per molecule) that are based on topological features in the total charge density, ρ, and/or its Laplacian, ∇2ρ. We obtain a mean absolute error under 1% for carbonyl stretching frequencies, and just over 1% for C-13 NMR shifts. Predicting interaction energies with a model nucleophile (fluoride ion) is significantly more challenging. Mean absolute errors just over 3 kcal/mol were obtained for covalent bond formation energies. Similar mean absolute errors were obtained for much weaker van der Waals interaction energies. We also conducted a stress-test to see if our small molecule-based machine learning could predict covalent bond formation energy in a model of the active site of the E. coli enzyme, D-fructose-6-phosphate aldolase.
Exploring the complexity in the differences in speeding behavior trends among motorcycle drivers in Thailand's industrial hubs
Authors: Seefong Manlika , Wisutwattanasak Panuwat , Se Chamroeun , Theerathitichaipa Kestsirin , Jomnonkwao Sajjakaj , Champahom Thanapong , Ratanavaraha Vatanavongs , Kasemsri Rattanaporn
Published: August 2024

Despite considerable efforts to address road traffic disasters, the challenge of excessive speeding by drivers in industrial areas remains a primary cause of accidents in Thailand. To combat this challenge effectively, it is crucial to understand the deep-rooted factors influencing speeding behavior, particularly the risky behaviors of drivers. This study employs the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the 3Es + Es framework as a reference to examine these factors, while also considering socio-demographic data. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to investigate the factors influencing speeding behavior, revealing key findings that Engineering factors significantly increase speeding. Conversely, Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Behavioral Control, which are essential components of TPB, significantly influence the intention to exhibit safe behavior, leading to reduced speeding. Additionally, the examination of latent factors using drivers' socio-demographic data found that significant influences include age, marital status, income, driving experience, accident history, and traffic tickets. Among these factors, single drivers exhibited a reduced attitude toward performing safe behaviors, while drivers with less than five years of experience showed a decreased intention to exhibit safe behaviors. In conclusion the findings from this study could be beneficial for road safety authorities by recommending policies and empirical guidelines appropriate to the context of industrial areas in Thailand, which are prone to high accident rates. This could lead to a reduction in speeding behavior among motorcycle riders and effectively mitigate road traffic disasters.
Diurnal oscillations of amino acids dynamically associate with microbiota and resistome in the colon of pigs
Authors: Wang Hongyu , Li Yue , You Jinwei , Feng Ni , Wang Dongfang , Su Yong , Feng Xiaobo
Published: August 2024

Background: Nutrients are one of the key determinants of gut microbiota variation. However, the intricate associations between the amino acid (AA) profile and the dynamic fluctuations in the gut microbiota and resistome remain incompletely elucidated. Herein, we investigated the temporal dynamics of AA profile and gut microbiota in the colon of pigs over a 24-hour period, and further explored the dynamic interrelationships among AA profile, microbiota, and resistome using metagenomics and metabolomics approaches.
Results: JTK_circle analysis revealed that both the AA profile and the gut microbiota exhibited rhythmic fluctuations. With respect to the feed intake, all AAs except L-homoserine (PAdj = 0.553) demonstrated significant fluctuations. Over 50% of Lactobacillaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Eubacteriaceae species reached their peaks during T15 ~ T21 when 50% of Lachnospiraceae species experienced a trough. The eLSA results showed that most AAs positively correlated with Prevotellaceae species but negatively correlated with Lactobacillaceae and Lachnospiraceae species. Moreover, most of the AAs negatively correlated with the mobile genetic elements Tn916 and istA group but positively correlated with plasmids. Further partial least squares structural equation model analysis indicated that AAs affected the antibiotic resistance gene dynamics through mobile genetic elements and the gut microbiota.
Conclusions: Taken together, the AA profile and the gut microbiota exhibit robust fluctuations over a day. The AA profile can affect the gut microbiota and resistome in a direct or indirect manner. These findings may provide new insights into a potential strategy for manipulating the gut microbiota and resistome.