bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Etkin Yurttaşlık Kavramına İlişkin Metaforik Algıları
Authors: TORUN Elif , ŞAHİN İbrahim Fevzi
Published: November 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının etkin yurttaşlık kavramına yönelik metaforik algılarını belirlemektir. Araştırmada nitel yaklaşım benimsenerek tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma, 2019-2020 öğretim yılı bahar yarıyılında yapılmış olup, Trabzon Üniversitesi’nde öğretim gören sosyal bilgiler öğretmenliği birinci (32) ikinci (40), üçüncü (22) ve dördüncü (52) sınıf düzeylerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışma grubu 102’si kadın 44’ü erkek olmak üzere 146 öğretmen adayından oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma grubu amaçlı örnekleme yönteminin ölçüt örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri, elektronik olarak hazırlanan açık uçlu anket formu ile toplanmıştır. Anket formunun bağlantı adresi öğretmen adaylarına e posta ve kısa ileti yoluyla gönderilmiştir. Demografik bilgiler ve araştırma sorusunun yer aldığı iki aşamalı anket formunda katılımcılara “Etkin yurttaşlık……gibidir. Çünkü….” ifadesi yöneltilerek öğretmen adaylarının “etkin yurttaşlık” kavramına yönelik metaforik algıları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarından elde edilen verilere içerik çözümlemesi uygulanmıştır. Öğretmen adayları etkin yurttaşlık kavramına ilişkin 146 geçerli, 6 geçersiz olmak üzere 74 farklı metafor üretmiştir. Metaforlar 12 kategori altında birleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucuna göre öğretmen adaylarının etkin yurttaşlık kavramına yönelik algılarının genel olarak alan yazınla koşut nitelikte olduğu ve öğretmen adaylarının sıklıkla benzer metaforlar ürettikleri belirlenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının etkin yurttaşlık kavramına yönelik olarak en çok görev ve sorumluluk bildirdiğini düşündükleri ödev ve karınca metaforlarını dile getirdiği saptanmıştır.
Knowledge and Awareness Impact on Adherence to Iron Supplementation: Study in Baron sub-district, Nganjuk Regency
Authors: Yuliawati Riza , Ardi Bastian  , Agustin Widyowati
Published: November 2023

Background: The initial report by the Baron Public Health Centre shows low adherence to iron supplementation among schoolgirls. Therefore, there is a need to identify the causing factors of low adherence.
Purpose: Identify and analyse knowledge and awareness of iron deficiency and its impacts on adherence to iron supplements.
Methods: A Cross-sectional study on 376 female students in the Baron subdistrict. Data were collected using a questionnaire instrument, and data were analysed using binary regression logistics.
Results: A Cross-sectional study with stratified random sampling on 376 female students in the Baron subdistrict. Data were collected using a questionnaire instrument, and data were analysed using binary regression logistics. The majority of respondents have sufficient knowledge of iron deficiency. However, they have low awareness and adherence to iron supplementation. Knowledge has no impact on adherence (p-value 0.823), whereas awareness (p-value 0.000) has a significant impact on adherence to iron supplementation.
Conclusion: Knowledge has no impact on iron deficiency adherence, while awareness of iron deficiency prevention influences has a strong impact on adherence to iron supplementation adherence. Innovative programs are needed to increase not only knowledge but also awareness and adherence to iron supplements.
The Segregation Pandemic: Brown as Treatment or Placebo?
Authors: Tate William F.
Published: November 2023

The Brown decision represents a watershed moment in U.S. history as the remedy served as a guiding light during a pandemic. A pandemic is an epidemic taking place on a scale that spans the globe. A circumstance is not a pandemic merely because it exists in different regions of the world or results in the death of many people; it must also be infectious. For centuries, by way of mutually reinforcing regimes consisting of politicians, intellectuals, religious supporters, business leaders, and others, an ideology of racial biology “infected” the world, causing a disease to spread in global fashion. The disease fed on a rhetoric that assigned biological superiority to certain races. A resulting pandemic of segregation occurred. In the United States, the Brown decision offered hope as a therapeutic. This lecture examines Brown through the lens of a medical model while exploring its various pervasive effects on society and education.
A Two-Level Adaptive Test Battery
Authors: van der Linden Wim J. , Niu Luping , Choi Seung W.
Published: November 2023

A test battery with two different levels of adaptation is presented: a within-subtest level for the selection of the items in the subtests and a between-subtest level to move from one subtest to the next. The battery runs on a two-level model consisting of a regular response model for each of the subtests extended with a second level for the joint distribution of their abilities. The presentation of the model is followed by an optimized MCMC algorithm to update the posterior distribution of each of its ability parameters, select the items to Bayesian optimality, and adaptively move from one subtest to the next. Thanks to extremely rapid convergence of the Markov chain and simple posterior calculations, the algorithm can be used in real-world applications without any noticeable latency. Finally, an empirical study with a battery of short diagnostic subtests is shown to yield score accuracies close to traditional one-level adaptive testing with subtests of double lengths.
Developments in Chosŏn White Porcelain with 祭 Inscription: focus on excavations at royal kilns
Authors: Kim Gyeong-jung
Published: November 2023

White porcelain with 祭(che, ritual), 壽(su, longevity), or 福(pok, good fortune) inscriptions made in Chosŏn royal kilns vary in when and how the letters were written, according their prouction date. From the second quarter of the eighteenth century, when the royal kilns at Kŭmsa-ri were in production, they increased in number and important changes were made to their styles. Firstly, before the 1560s, the letter 祭 was written with brush or incised at the office where the plates were used, but after the 1560s, it was inscribed at the kilns to mark their purposes as ritual. In contrast, the letters 壽 and 福, inscribed to wish for longevity and good fortune were always written at the kilns from their early years until the privatization of the kilns, showing that different letters were written at different moments of production. Secondly, how and where on the plates the letters 祭, 壽, and 福 were written differ according to the underglaze used. From the seventeenth century, the letters were exclusively written in underglaze iron-brown or cobalt blue. Most examples in underglaze iron-brown were written on the underside, inside the foot without a cartouche, or on the inside bottom of a bowl. But those written in underglaze cobalt blue are written on the inside bottom of a bowl with a circle-shaped cartouche. Thirdly, the changes to the shapes of the plates can be seen most clearly in the examples from the royal kilns at Kŭmsa-ri and Punwŏn-ri. Plates with polygonal-shaped high foot and body are characteristic of Kŭmsa-ri kilns, but this style appears only with 福 inscriptions — the plates marked with the letter 祭 have circular foots. However, in the case of Punwŏn-ri kilns, plates with both 祭 and 福 inscriptions were made in the same polygonal style as those of Kŭmsa-ri. There were also 祭 plates with high, circular foots, providing information for its stylistic changes. It is also notable that no royal kilns marked polygonal-shaped plates with the letter 壽.
Polychrome and Monochrome Porcelain: The emergence and development of new type of colored white porcelain in late Chosŏn
Authors: Kim Eun-Kyoung
Published: November 2023

Two novel types of colored porcelain appeared in late Chosŏn: polychrome porcelain that was decorated with two or more colors, and monochrome porcelain colored all-over with a single color, as if with underglaze. The use of various colors on late Chosŏn porcelain was a significant turning point for its production. This development was likely caused by influences from Qing and Japan. In Qing, colored porcelain was the dominant type, already in everyday use, and Japan was following Qing closely. Chosŏn accepted this foreign culture of colored porcelain, and actively valued and embraced the culture and products of Qing. Whereas colors had served to distinguish different social classes in the Neo-Confucian hierarchy, they began to be employed more liberally. In late Chosŏn, the rapid growth of commodity and monetary economy meant that the existing social system that was built with yangban in the center was being upturned. Now, colors could be used more freely without any social restrictions. In the 19th century, scholars of the Northern Learning received influence of the Kaozheng school and tried to explain the world according to what was real. For them, colors provided a way of expressing the importance of subjective information and veracity. As all social classes could enjoy colors, different colored porcelain was developed and widely used, representing the new-found importance of colors in late Chosŏn.
Collecting and Researching Chosŏn White Porcelain in Modern Japan: focusing on the late 1920s
Authors: Jeong Eunjin
Published: November 2023

The study of Korean ceramics in the modern period was initiated by the discovery of Koryŏ celadon. The first collectors were mainly Europeans and Americans but it was not long before Japanese scholars, namely Yamayoshi Moriyoshi(1859-?) and Yagi Shozaburo(1866-1942), attempted to establish the history of Korean ceramics, introducing Chosŏn dynasty into the history for the first time. Thereafter, Japanese scholars and collectors dominated the study and collection of Korean ceramics. In the 1920s, the Asakawa Noritaka(1884-1964) and Takumi(1891-1931) brothers and Yanagi Muneyoshi(1889-1961) pioneered the collection, evaluation, and study of Chosŏn white porcelain. The collecting, academic research, and public interest were the three main elements that were closely connected to strengthen the understanding of Korean ceramics. The pioneering activities of the Asakawa brothers and Yanagi did not have a large impact at first, but the high price attained by Goshomaru, a Koryŏ tea bowl, in an auction in 1925, and the so-called Gyerongsan uproar of 1926 attracted public attention, resulting in the 1930s craze for Chosŏn crafts including Chosŏn white porcelain. Large amounts of Chosŏn craft items were shipped from Korea to Japan in the 1930s. From the 1930s to the 1940s, a new social class emerged in Korea that valued culture and refinement, and collections by Koreans rapidly increased. Although the early role of Japanese collectors and scholars in modern collection and study of Korean ceramics cannot be disputed, by the 1930s, Koreans were starting to take over the role.
Four Heavenly Kings at Hwaŏmsa, Gurye: Pyŏgam Kaksŏng and Sculptor Monk In’gyun
Authors: Lim Young-ae
Published: November 2023

This study focuses on the sculptures of the Four Heavenly Kings at Hwaŏmsa. It had been unknown when or by whom they were made, but fortunately, I was able to propose that they were made in 1635-36 under the supervision of the sculptor monk In'gyun, based on their similarities in iconography and style to the Four Heavenly Kings at Songgwangsa, made in 1628. In'gyun participated in the erection of Buddhist sculptures at Songgwangsa, Hwaŏmsa, and Hŭngguksa. In particular, the Four Heavenly Kings at Songgwangsa were made in collaboration with Ŭngwŏn, and it is likely that with this experience, In'gyun was able to lead the project of the Four Heavenly Kings at Hwaŏmsa. As for the sculpture itself, I have always been curious about the rat in the hand of the King of the West, a motif that appears only in three early-17th-century temples in Jeollanamdo. A symbol of national security and wealth, the rat motif originated in Khotan, Central Asia, passed through Tibet and into Ming China where it was made into a woodcut in 1431. It is likely that Shin Iksŏng, a son-in-law of King Sŏnjo introduced this woodcut print to Chosŏn along with other Buddhist books and prints from Ming. When Pyŏgam Kaksŏng rebuilt Songgwangsa and Hwaŏmsa, he probably consulted Ming prints and put the rat, a symbol of national security and wealth, in the hand of the King of the West. In conclusion, by this study, I have aimed to demonstrate how Buddhist iconographies were not only based on Buddhist scriptures but also created through legends and myths of each region and developed to become a new iconography.
The Chosŏn Iconography of Thunder God in the Illustrated Guide to Moral Deeds
Authors: Park Ji-young
Published: November 2023

This article explores the origin of the Thunder God image and its iconographical features that appear in the Exempla of Filial Sons in the Illustrated Guide to the Three Bonds (Filial Sons, hereafter), published during the reign of King Sejong (r. 1418-1450), and An Illustrated Guide to the Five Moral Imperatives (Five Moral Imperatives, hereafter), compiled during the reign of King Chǒngjo (r. 1776-1800). As attested by the textual descriptions in the Shanhai jing and the Lunheng and the visual depictions in the pictorial stones from the Wu Family Shrine and the mural paintings in the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang, the Chinese iconography of Thunder God primarily takes on the form of a muscular man, sometimes added with beast-headed or winged variations, striking a series of drum connected together. Drawing on Buddhist paintings of the Koryŏ, the Filial Sons of the Chosŏn shows Thunder God as a beast-headed man with four sticks held in both hands and feet surrounded by a series of drum attached together. The Thunder God image in the Five Moral Imperatives continues to follow the iconographical convention adopted in the Filial Sons in the sense that it symbolizes thunder and lightning. However, it takes on a bird form as a schematization of the image of a bird-headed man with wings, which was widely adopted by the late Chosŏn painting. The earliest known case of depicting Thunder God as a bird-headed man with wings appears in the Moon Reflection and the Biography of the Buddha (Wŏrinsŏkpo). This particular iconography of Thunder God seems to have been inspired by the iconography of the Buddhist guardian Garuḍa and that of the Daoist Thunder Marshal “Heavenly Lord Deng, the Governor of Thunder,” depicted in the Daoist scripture Yushu jing, reflecting the transition from the form of a beast-headed man to a bird-headed man with wings. The latter form became the dominant iconography of Thunder God in the late Chosŏn period. It frequently appeared in the Eight Scenes of the Buddha’s Life or the Sweet Dew Painting. Yun Tu-sŏ (1668-1715) also adopted that iconography since it conformed to the depiction of Thunder God in the illustrations of books imported from Ming and Qing China.
Relocation of Royal Tombs and Stone Sculptures in 19th-century Chosŏn
Authors: Jeon Nana
Published: November 2023

Kukchosogoryeŭi, the book of protocols for the late Chosŏn royal court, lists some rituals that have changed since early years of the dynasty. Ch’ŏnjangŭi, the process of relocating tombs is one of them. In late Chosŏn, royal tombs were actively relocated, unlike in early Chosŏn and mostly not in accordance with the dead monarch’s wishes. In the 15th century, T’aejo, T’aejong, and Sejong all outlived their queens and were able to prepare their own tombs and the management of the annexed Buddhist temples. In the 16th and 17th centuries, most relocated tombs were of posthumously honored monarchs, who were the birth parents of reigning monarchs. In contrast, 19th-century transfers were directly related to dynastic successions. Tombs that were relocated during the reign of Ch’ŏlchong were those of King Sunjo, Sunjo’s birth mother, and the Crown Prince Hyomyŏng, the son of Sunjo. In even moving some tombs twice, Ch’ŏljong was looking to the precedence of Yŏngjo and Chŏngjo and hoping to beget a son. In the 19th century, it was rare for royal tomb sculptures to be newly made and sculptures from original tombs were reused instead. Although some were newly made, they generally do not hold up to the quality of the sculptures of the past and betray the falling standards of art at the royal court in late Chosŏn.
Contribution to the flora of mosses and liverworts of Yuzhny, Vaygach and Matveev islands (Barents Sea, European Russian Arctic)
Authors: Czernyadjeva I. V. , Potemkin A. D. , Vilnet A. A.
Published: November 2023

The paper provides data on mosses and liverworts of the islands of south-eastean of the Barents Sea: Yuzhny Island of Novaya Zemlya, Vaygach and Matveev islands based on 700 identifications of mosses and 200 identifications of liverworts. The annotated list includes 173 species and one variety of mosses and 52 species and nine infraspecific taxa of liverworts, including insufficiently known Blepharostoma trichophyllum hybrib 1, Barbilophozia rubescens, Saccobasis polita var. arctica, Trilophozia quinquedentata var. grandiretis. Among them, 17 species and one variety of mosses and 13 species, two varieties and two forms of liverworts are reported for the first time for Novaya Zemlya, 66 species of mosses, and 16 species and one variety of liverworts for the first time for Yuzhny Island, 14 species of mosses, and six species, two varieties and one form of liverworts are reported for the first time for Vaygach Island. The first data of bryophytes of Matveev Island are obtained: 44 species of mosses, and 11 species and one variety of liverworts are recorded. For every species, data on localities, frequency, and habitats are provided. New combinations are published for Mesoptychia gillmanii f. orbiculata (R. M. Schust.) Potemkin, comb. nov., and Trilophozia quinquedentata var. grandiretis (H. Buch et S. W. Arnell) Potemkin, comb. nov.
Trends in Pediatric Palliative Care Research (TPPCR) 2023; Issue #10: Commentary on Prins et al.
Authors: Brar Sonia
Published: November 2023

This TPPCR commentary discusses the 2023 paper by Prins et al., “Diversity of Parent Emotions and Physician Responses During End-of-Life Conversations” published in Pediatrics.
Comparing UK Public Attitudes Towards Stateless People, Asylum Seekers, and Refugees: A Network Analysis of Sociopolitical and Psychological Factors
Authors: Oppenheim Ellie , O'Driscoll Ciarán , Brady Francesca
Published: November 2023

Background: Research suggests that negative public attitudes towards asylum seekers and refugees are a risk factor for their poor mental health. This study aimed to examine attitudes (and predictors of these) of the UK public towards stateless people. Method: A cross-sectional quantitative survey involving a UK sample (n = 385) was conducted. Network analysis was employed to model associations between social policy attitudes and predictors including sociopolitical (political orientation, contact with migrant groups, personal migration experience), and psychological factors (prejudice, interpersonal style, perceived threat of migrants). Results: Results indicated a lack of public understanding of statelessness, and that social policy attitudes towards stateless people were associated with those towards asylum seekers, but not refugees. Attitudes towards stateless people were more restrictive and were associated with higher prejudice, and greater perceived threat.Conclusion: This study highlights the need for policies attending specifically to stateless people to reduce discrimination and facilitate integration.
Impact of altimeter-buoy data pairing methods on the validation of Sentinel-3A coastal significant wave heights
Authors: Dodet Guillaume , Mureau Grégoire , Accensi Mickaël , Piollé Jean-François
Published: November 2023

Sea state information is critical for a broad range of human activities (e.g. shipping, marine energy, marine engineering) most of them being concentrated along the coastal zone. Satellite altimeter records of significant wave heights (SWH) represent the largest source of sea state observations available to date. However, the quality of altimeter observations is reduced in the coastal zone due to surface heterogeneity within the radar signal footprint. Major difficulties to assess the performance of coastal altimetry in the coastal zone are the reduced number of valid altimeter records and the increased sea state variability, which have recently fostered the development of new methods to pair and compare nearby altimeter and buoy data. In this study, we use a high-resolution numerical wave model implemented over the European coastal waters in order to characterize the spatial variability of sea states in the proximity of coastal in situ buoys, we explore different model-based data pairing methods to account for coastal sea state variability and we assess their impact on the validation of Sentinel-3A 20Hz SWH measurements. Three Sentinel-3A processing modes are considered: the pseudo low rate mode processing, the SAR processing and the Low Resolution with Range Migration Correction (LR-RMC) processing. Our results indicate major impacts of data pairing methods on the S3A coastal validation and reveals the contribution of more frequent low SWH conditions, poorly resolved by radar altimeters, in the coastal zone as an additional source oferrors in coastal altimetry.
Investigating Linguistic Alignment in Collaborative Dialogue: A Study of Syntactic and Lexical Patterns in Middle School Students
Authors: Tian Xiaoyi , Griffith Amanda E. , Price Zane , Boyer Kristy Elizabeth , Tang Kevin
Published: November 2023

Linguistic alignment, the tendency of speakers to share common linguistic features during conversations, has emerged as a key area of research in computer-supported collaborative learning. While previous studies have shown that linguistic alignment can have a significant impact on collaborative outcomes, there is limited research exploring its role in K-12 learning contexts. This study investigates syntactic and lexical linguistic alignment in a collaborative computer science learning corpus from 24 pairs (48 individuals) of middle school students (aged 11-13). The results show stronger effects of self-alignment than partner-alignment on both syntactic and lexical levels, with students often diverging from their partners on task-relevant words. Furthermore, student self-alignment on the syntactic level is negatively correlated with partner satisfaction ratings, while self-alignment on lexical level is positively correlated with their partner's satisfaction.
“Yes doesn’t always mean yes, but no means no”: Exploring the perceived ambiguities in university students’ experiences of sexual consent
Authors: Savoie Lise , Pelland Marie-Andrée , Morin Sylvie , Rivest Marie-Pier
Published: November 2023

This article aims to explore situations of consent and non-consent in university students to understand regulatory mechanisms that contribute to the perceived ambiguity of students’ experiences of sexual consent. To apprehend these experiences, 37 semi-directed interviews were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis, systemic analysis, and contextualizing analysis. The results illustrate the existence of a dichotomy between students’ knowledge of consent and the practice of consent. This ambiguity appears as an integral part of the act of consent. It was apparent in the students’ understanding, affirming, retracting, and decoding of consent. The authors’ analysis highlights the regulating mechanisms, that is, internal and external injunctions at play in the act of consent. Three injunctive mechanisms were identified: relational injunctions to consent, social injunctions to consent, and men’s unrestricted access to women’s bodies. These injunctive mechanisms act in different manners according to one’s social position, individual characteristics, the type of relationship and the social spaces. By facilitating or hindering consent, they make it a profoundly ambiguous act.
Цифрлық қоғамдағы тұлға болмысының ерекшеліктері және жауапкершілік мәселесі
Authors: Бекенова Ж.Н. , Нұрышева Г.Ж. , Амиркулова Ж.А.
Published: November 2023

Мақалада цифрлық қоғамдағы тұлға болмысы, оның ерекшеліктері және жауапкершілік мәселесі қарастырылған. Цифрлық қоғамдағы тұлға трансформациясы, ақпараттық этика құрылымы, жауапкершілік ұғымы Э. Тоффлер, М. Маклюэн, Д. Белл, Л. Флориди, Р. Капурро, Р. Брейдің еңбектерін негізге ала отырып тұжырымдалды. Ақпараттық  технологиялардың, желілік байланыстың дамуы нәтижесінде қалыптасқан тұлға ерекшеліктері  мақалада айқындалған. Күннен күнге қарыштап дамып жатқан цифрлық әлемде ақпарат таратуға қатысты күрделі, этикалық мәселелер пайда болды. Олар азаматтардың ақпаратты қабылдау мен таратудағы жауапкершілігімен және міндетімен байланысты. Моральдық жауапкершілік қана емес, ақпараттық қауіпсіздік те өзекті мәселеге айналып отыр. Авторлар қазіргі цифрлық әлемде ақпараттық қауіпсіздік тек  заңнамалық мәселе ғана емес, тұтас қоғамның тыныс-тіршілігіне әсер ететін әлеуметтік-философиялық мәселе екеніне назар аударған. Сонымен қатар, цифрлық қоғамға тән негізгі рухани-адамгершілік құндылықтар тұжырымдалып, ақпараттық қоғамдағы этикалық мәселеге қатысты зерттеулердің негізіндеақпараттық жауапкершіліктің мәні мен маңыздылығы және оны зерттеудегі қалыптасқан көзқарастарға талдау жасалды.
Особенности индустрии экстремальной музыки на Ближнем Востоке
Authors: Наурыз Г.О. , Каирбеков Н.Е.
Published: November 2023

В статье проанализированы особенности индустрии экстремальной музыки в странах Ближнего Востока. Экстремальная индустрия этого региона не имеет широкого жанрового спектра как на Западе, но тем не менее хэви-метал сцена развита не хуже. Ближневосточный метал — особый региональный вид экстремальной музыки, сформированный на стыке западного секуляризма и противостоянии исламского догматизма с либеральными тенденциями. Для  осмысления исламского либерализма в современном понимании был сделан краткий обзор мотивов и  влияния «арабской весны» на регион. В качестве  объекта исследования авторы решили  воспользоваться наиболее распространенным списком стран Ближнего Востока. В статье охвачены самые яркие примеры творчества музыкальных коллективов из Туниса, Египта, Сирии и Ирака. Авторами был сделан глубинный анализ 4-х музыкальных треков, вместе с обложками альбомов и интервью участников.  Культурная глобализация показывает быстро  изменяющееся культурное пространство  ближневосточного общества. Авторы пришли к  выводу, что культурная глобализация имеет разные итоги в указанных выше странах. На это повлияло сохранение цензуры, войны и распространение идей либерализма через средства массовой информации. Данная тема не была исследована с религиоведческой точки зрения на постсоветском пространстве.
Исламская идентичность как полиаспектный конструкт социокультурных реалий Казахстана
Authors: Сейтахметова Н.Л. , Турганбаева Ж.Ж.
Published: November 2023

Настоящая статья посвящена изучению феномена исламской идентичности как полиаспектного компонента социальной, культурной, политической жизни. Новизна исследования заключается в междисциплинарном раскрытии полисемантической природы исламской идентичности с позиций различных отраслей научного знания: философии, психологии, теологии, социологии, культурной антропологии, истории посредством применения соответствующего методологического инструментария. Кроме того, в компаративистском ключе рассмотрены особенности истории и проявления исламской идентичности в Казахстане и странах Исламского мира с целью выявления общего и различного и более глубокого понимания природы исламской  идентичности в нашей стране. Авторы приходят к выводам что, во-первых, исламская идентичность имеет два семантических измерения — духовный(план содержания) и физический (план выражения), детерминирующих внутренние интенции,  миропонимание, действия, поведение представителей мусульманской уммы; во-вторых, что казахстанская модель исламской идентичности должна основываться на приоритете гражданской идентичности,  позволяющей первой вписываться в национальную идентичность мультиконфессионального,   поликультурного общества.
Some Observations on Civic Integration of National Minorities in the United States and Georgia
Authors: SHIOSHVILI Tamar
Published: November 2023

Immigration historians have been greatly interested in the process of US immigration as immigrants cease to be “foreigners” and yet do not become “one hundred percentAmericans”. Ethnicity has become a major notion in the analysis of the process of immigrant adaptation. In the U.S. Geography plays an important tole in the integrationprocess, how the immigrants establish ethnic ties and what kind of ethnic resources they exercise in different environments.Gaining differential socio-economic status, Japanese-Peruvians assume ‘Asian’ identity in Los Angeles and ‘Hispanic/Latino’ in New York. Another main factor is linguistic affinity,which is shaped through social relations. In Los Angeles Japanese-Peruvians speak Japanese, prospering through Japanese-American business companies, while in NewYork they speak Spanish.When considering the integration process of Georgian national minorities in 2005-2013, we speak of insufficient knowledge of Georgian state language among national minorities,that obstructs their socio-economic development and explains their mal-representation on all level of central or local governance, in the Parliament of Georgia. Althoughthe Ministry of Education and Science enacted a number of innovative regulations in terms of enforcing the instruction of the state language in non-Georgian language regionsthrough establishing preschool centers, trainings for national minority teachers, facilitating enrollment of minorities into universities in condition of covering just oneyear Georgian Language Training freshman course , no professional, standardized approaches were implemented, as regulations needed some supplementary mechanisms.Keywords: Adaptation, ethnic, language skills, self-categorization
Becoming Through Detachment
Authors: Mendonça Ricardo Fabrino , Marques Ângela Cristina Salgueiro
Published: November 2023

This article contributes to the growing literature around the idea of a politics of becoming by emphasizing its deconstructive dimension. It advances the notion of “detachment,” which articulates different angles of such deconstructive dimension. Detachment can draw from three different concepts: displacement (Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe), unframing (Judith Butler), and disidentification (Jacques Rancière). After highlighting the key points of each of these concepts and the way they contribute to an encompassing notion of detachment, the article moves to a brief illustration of how these concepts are relevant to make sense of contemporary protests, focusing specifically on the Brazilian June Journeys of 2013.
El Sistema de Impugnaciones y Recursos Jurisdiccionales Electorales en Paraguay: Informe de estudio y recomendaciones
Authors: Etcheverry Guerin Selva María
Published: November 2023

La investigación ofrece un aporte para la consolidación de la democracia paraguaya desde una perspectiva del sistema de recursos e impugnaciones electorales aplicado durante las elecciones generales del Paraguay del 30 de abril del 2023, en línea con las recomendaciones internacionales, en particular de la Misión de Observación Electoral de la Unión Europea 2018, que proponen: “el sistema de impugnaciones y recursos necesita ser rediseñado a fin de proveer reparaciones efectivas en tiempo oportuno a las partes perjudicadas. Los procedimientos para resolver las quejas en las mesas de votación deben ser instaurados con la posibilidad de recurso ante niveles superiores”. Esta investigación comprende el sistema de recursos legales disponibles en el sistema electoral para dirimir aquellas controversias que puedan surgir en el desarrollo de las diferentes fases del proceso electivo, a fin de asegurar reparaciones efectivas en tiempo oportuno a las partes perjudicadas. Además, el análisis comprende los procedimientos para hacer más eficaz y seguro el sistema de resolución de quejas e impugnaciones planteadas ante las mesas receptoras de votos, sobre los cuales se formulan recomendaciones útiles en el diseño y ejecución de respuestas oportunas, factibles y efectivas para el fortalecimiento de la integridad electoral.
CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF MANAGEMENT OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES
Authors: BAIDALA Viktoriia , YAKYMOVSKA Anna ,   National university of life and environmental science of Ukraine
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the conceptual foundations of economic security management of enterprises. The concepts of “security”, “economic security” and “management of economic security of enterprises” are considered. It was determined that the economic security of the enterprise is the state of its protection against the negative influence of external and internal threats, destabilizing factors. In general, the management of economic security can be considered as the process of developing and implementing a set of measures aimed at countering threats to the external and internal environment of the enterprise. Objects, subjects, goals, tasks and elements of economic security are considered. The main goal of managing the economic security of the enterprise is determined – this is to ensure its stable and maximally effective functioning now and to increase and ensure the level of enterprise security in the future. The functional goals of economic security are indicated. It is emphasized that the implementation of each of these goals of economic security of the enterprise must support the sustainable functioning of the enterprise. Detailed development and control over the implementation of the target structure of economic security of the enterprise is an important aspect of the process of provision. External and internal threats are singled out. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the threats presented in the study allows us to conclude that reliable protection of the economy of any enterprise is possible only with a comprehensive and systematic approach to its organization. The conceptual foundations of the management of economic security of enterprises are analyzed and determine the general aspects and principles that guide the strategy and activities of the enterprise to ensure stability and protection against economic threats and risks. It was determined that the given conceptual foundations form the foundation for the development of specific strategies and actions for managing the economic security of the enterprise, contribute to ensuring the stability and sustainability of the enterprise’s activities in conditions of danger and adverse factors.
DNALI1 is a prognosis-related biomarker and correlates with immune infiltrates in low grade glioma
Authors: Lu Yapeng , Chang Panpan , Bian Jiangpei , Zhu Li
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Dynein axonemal light intermediate chain 1 (DNALI1) is a component of axonemal dyneins and its role in cancer progression is not known. OBJECTIVE: The influence of DNALI1 expression on the prognosis of low-grade gliomas (LGG) and the possible mechanisms of DNALI1 in promoting the progression of LGG was investigated by applying multiple bioinformatics analyses using datasets from TCGA, GTEx, CPTAC, and CGGA. METHODS: The expression of DNALI1 in different tumor tissues including LGG was investigated. GO functional annotation, KEGG pathway analysis, and GSEA enrichment analysis were performed. The correlation between DNALI1 and prognosis, tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune checkpoints in LGG were assessed. RESULTS: DNALI1 is mainly expressed in malignant cells in the TME of LGG and positively correlated with the development of LGG. DNALI1 expression is negatively correlated with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations and 1p/19q co-deletion. High DNALI1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in LGG. DNALI1 may promote LGG progression through multiple immune-related pathways. The expression of DNALI1 is positively correlated with the infiltration of certain types of immune cells and the expression of some immune checkpoints. CONCLUSIONS: DNALI1 is a potential prognostic marker for LGG, and high expression of DNALI1 may play an important role in maintaining the immunosuppressive microenvironment of LGG.
3D urban landscape rendering and optimization algorithm for smart city
Authors: Wang Li
Published: November 2023

3D urban landscape visualization is a key technology in digital city construction. Based on the research and analysis of the three-dimensional space of the urban landscape space, the three-dimensional space can not only allow users to intuitively perceive the development of the city. It also enables decision makers, planners, and users to more intuitively, objectively, and rationally recognize and understand the current urban development and planning design. Defining the data content of the 3D city landscape image model is the basis for creating the 3D city image model. It not only guides producers to select data, but also serves as the basis for sharing data between different applications. With the continuous development of society, the number of people living in rural areas migrating to cities to make a living has increased rapidly, leading to the growing problem of “urban congestion” in many areas. In order to effectively solve these problems, “smart cities” came into being. It quickly triggered a boom in global urban development. Based on a survey of the state-of-the-art in the field of 3D modeling and engineering design visualization, this paper analyzes 3D rendering acceleration algorithms used to speed up rendering and improve the quality of 3D design. By utilizing BSP technology, transparent objects can be drawn in any order in any scene, which solves the problem of incorrectly occluding transparent objects during rendering. This paper also applies collision detection technology, which enhances the user’s immersive feeling when roaming the landscape. In the 3D reconstruction process, it can complete the column and wall recognition for the test image with complex composition. Its recognition rate for various urban features has reached more than 80%.
Is Carer Management Style Associated with Longitudinal Functional Decline in Dementia?
Authors: Puthusseryppady Vaisakh , Bregola Allan , Camino Julieta , Backhouse Tamara , Mioshi Eneida
Published: November 2023

Background:

Various intrinsic (related to dementia) and extrinsic (not related to dementia) factors have been suggested to contribute separately to disability in people living with dementia (PLwD).

Objective:

To investigate if the combination of specific intrinsic and extrinsic factors at baseline is associated with longitudinal declines in activities of daily living (ADL) performance of PLwD at 12-month follow-up.

Methods:

141 community-dwelling PLwD-carer dyads were assessed on their global cognition (ACE-III), apathy (CBI-R), carer management styles (DMSS), medical comorbidities (CCI), and ADL performance (DAD) at baseline, and for a subset of participants ( n = 53), at 12-month follow-up. Multiple linear regression models were run to assess: 1) the relationships between PLwD’s DAD scores and the remaining variables at baseline and 2) whether these variables’ scores at baseline were associated with longitudinal change in the PLwD’s DAD scores.

Results:

At baseline, having lower ACE-III (β= 0.354, p < 0.001), higher CBI-R (β= –0.284, p < 0.001), higher DMSS criticism (β= –0.367, p = 0.013), lower DMSS encouragement (β= 0.370, p = 0.014), and higher CCI scores (β= –2.475, p = 0.023) were significantly associated with having lower DAD scores. The PLwD’s DAD scores significantly declined from baseline to follow-up ( p < 0.001, d = 1.15), however this decline was not associated with the baseline scores of any of the independent variables. Instead, it was associated with declines in the PLwD’s ACE-III scores from baseline to follow-up (β= 1.021, p = 0.001).

Conclusions:

In our limited sample, cognitive changes seem to be the main factor underlying longitudinal decline in ADL performance for PLwD. Carer management styles appear associated with current ADL performance but not with longitudinal ADL decline.
Postmortem Brain Imaging in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias: The South Texas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center Repository
Authors: Li Karl , Rashid Tanweer , Li Jinqi , Honnorat Nicolas , Nirmala Anoop Benet , Fadaee Elyas , Wang Di , Charisis Sokratis , Liu Hangfan , Franklin Crystal , Maybrier Mallory , Katragadda Haritha , Abazid Leen , Ganapathy Vinutha , Valaparla Vijaya Lakshmi , Badugu Pradeepthi , Vasquez Eliana , Solano Leigh , Clarke Geoffrey , Maestre Gladys , Richardson Tim , Walker Jamie , Fox Peter T. , Bieniek Kevin , Seshadri Sudha , Habes Mohamad
Published: November 2023

Background:

Neuroimaging bears the promise of providing new biomarkers that could refine the diagnosis of dementia. Still, obtaining the pathology data required to validate the relationship between neuroimaging markers and neurological changes is challenging. Existing data repositories are focused on a single pathology, are too small, or do not precisely match neuroimaging and pathology findings.

Objective:

The new data repository introduced in this work, the South Texas Alzheimer’s Disease research center repository, was designed to address these limitations. Our repository covers a broad diversity of dementias, spans a wide age range, and was specifically designed to draw exact correspondences between neuroimaging and pathology data.

Methods:

Using four different MRI sequences, we are reaching a sample size that allows for validating multimodal neuroimaging biomarkers and studying comorbid conditions. Our imaging protocol was designed to capture markers of cerebrovascular disease and related lesions. Quantification of these lesions is currently underway with MRI-guided histopathological examination.

Results:

A total of 139 postmortem brains (70 females) with mean age of 77.9 years were collected, with 71 brains fully analyzed. Of these, only 3% showed evidence of AD-only pathology and 76% had high prevalence of multiple pathologies contributing to clinical diagnosis.

Conclusion:

This repository has a significant (and increasing) sample size consisting of a wide range of neurodegenerative disorders and employs advanced imaging protocols and MRI-guided histopathological analysis to help disentangle the effects of comorbid disorders to refine diagnosis, prognosis and better understand neurodegenerative disorders.
Diet’s Role in Modifying Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease: History and Present Understanding
Authors: Grant William B. , Blake Steven M.
Published: November 2023

Diet is an important nonpharmacological risk-modifying factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The approaches used here to assess diet’s role in the risk of AD include multi-country ecological studies, prospective and cross-sectional observational studies, and laboratory studies. Ecological studies have identified fat, meat, and obesity from high-energy diets as important risk factors for AD and reported that AD rates peak about 15–20 years after national dietary changes. Observational studies have compared the Western dietary pattern with those of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Mediterranean (MedDi), and Mediterranean–DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diets. Those studies identified AD risk factors including higher consumption of saturated and total fats, meat, and ultraprocessed foods and a lower risk of AD with higher consumption of fruits, legumes, nuts, omega-3 fatty acids, vegetables, and whole grains. Diet-induced factors associated with a significant risk of AD include inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, elevated homocysteine, dietary advanced glycation end products, and trimethylamine N-oxide. The molecular mechanisms by which dietary bioactive components and specific foods affect risk of AD are discussed. Given most countries’ entrenched food supply systems, the upward trends of AD rates would be hard to reverse. However, for people willing and able, a low–animal product diet with plenty of anti-inflammatory, low–glycemic load foods may be helpful.
Mendelian Randomization Analyses Accounting for Causal Effect of COVID-19 on Brain Imaging-Derived Phenotypes
Authors: Lu Jiajie , Huang Rihong , Peng Yuecheng , Zhang Jinming , Liang Kairong , Wang Yezhong , Feng Yi , Wang Zhaotao
Published: November 2023

Background:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a major challenge to global health and a financial burden. Little is known regarding the possible causal effects of COVID-19 on the macro- and micro-structures of the human brain.

Objective:

To determine the causal links between susceptibility, hospitalization, and the severity of COVID-19 and brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs).

Methods:

Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to investigate the causal effect of three COVID-19 exposures (SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalized COVID-19, and critical COVID-19) on brain structure employing summary datasets of genome-wide association studies.

Results:

In terms of cortical phenotypes, hospitalization due to COVID-19 was associated with a global decrease in the surface area (SA) of the cortex structure (β= –624.77, 95% CI: –1227.88 to –21.66, p = 0.042). At the regional level, SARS-CoV-2 infection was found to have a nominally causal effect on the thickness (TH) of the postcentral region (β= –0.004, 95% CI: –0.007 to –0.001, p = 0.01), as well as eight other IDPs. Hospitalized COVID-19 has a nominally causal relationship with TH of postcentral (β= –0.004, 95% CI: –0.007 to –0.001, p = 0.01) and other 6 IDPs. The nominally causal effects of critical COVID-19 on TH of medial orbitofrontal (β=0.004, 95% CI: 0.001to 0.007, p = 0.004) and other 7 IDPs were revealed.

Conclusions:

Our study provides compelling genetic evidence supporting causal relationships between three COVID-19 traits and brain IDPs. This discovery holds promise for enhancing predictions and interventions in brain imaging.
Perfusion Imaging and Inflammation Biomarkers Provide Complementary Information in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Michopoulou Sofia , Prosser Angus , Dickson John , Guy Matthew , Teeling Jessica L. , Kipps Christopher
Published: November 2023

Background:

Single photon emission tomography (SPECT) can detect early changes in brain perfusion to support the diagnosis of dementia. Inflammation is a driver for dementia progression and measures of inflammation may further support dementia diagnosis.

Objective:

In this study, we assessed whether combining imaging with markers of inflammation improves prediction of the likelihood of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Methods:

We analyzed 91 participants datasets (Institutional Ethics Approval 20/NW/0222). AD biomarkers and markers of inflammation were measured in cerebrospinal fluid. Statistical parametric mapping was used to quantify brain perfusion differences in perfusion SPECT images. Logistic regression models were trained to evaluate the ability of imaging and inflammation markers, both individually and combined, to predict AD.

Results:

Regional perfusion reduction in the precuneus and medial temporal regions predicted Aβ42 status. Increase in inflammation markers predicted tau and neurodegeneration. Matrix metalloproteneinase-10, a marker of blood-brain barrier regulation, was associated with perfusion reduction in the right temporal lobe. Adenosine deaminase, an enzyme involved in sleep homeostasis and inflammation, was the strongest predictor of neurodegeneration with an odds ratio of 10.3. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for the logistic regression model was 0.76 for imaging and 0.76 for inflammation. Combining inflammation and imaging markers yielded an area under the curve of 0.85.

Conclusions:

Study results showed that markers of brain perfusion imaging and markers of inflammation provide complementary information in AD evaluation. Inflammation markers better predict tau status while perfusion imaging measures represent amyloid status. Combining imaging and inflammation improves AD prediction.