bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capitalism’s Generative Ideas
Authors: Mulgan Geoff
Published: November 2017

This chapter turns to theory, showing how a cluster of generative ideas could give shape to a world after capitalism, and a world fit more for creators than predators. It draws less from the utopian traditions, or from Marxism or liberalism, than from capitalism's own ideas, which contain within them the potential for radical transcendence. These include a broader notion of growth that is about quality of life rather than quantity of consumption. The chapter also illustrates how capitalism has made it possible to imagine widely dispersed populations engaged in exchange with each other for mutual benefit. In markets these exchanges are governed by money—the decision whether or not to buy and sell. They are systems with a very limited bandwidth, concerned with quantities rather than qualities.
Polygamy, Monogamy, and Marriage Justice
Authors: Macedo Stephen
Published: November 2017

This chapter examines a variety of principled factors that help to distinguish plural marriage from same-sex marriage as a matter of both justice and constitutional principle. It also reviews the substantial body of evidence that led the Supreme Court of British Columbia, in a 2012 landmark case, to uphold Canada's criminal prohibition on polygamy. It argues that this evidentiary record, while certainly not beyond challenge, stands in contrast to the abstract and moralistic arguments advanced against the rights of gay and lesbian citizens. It asserts that polygamy as a widespread practice, or normative system, appears to be incongruent with efforts to secure the preconditions of equal liberty and fair opportunity for all. The chapter concludes by speculating on what the consequences of decriminalization will be for polygamy.
Happily Ever After
Authors: Macedo Stephen
Published: November 2017

This concluding chapter summarizes some of the main points of the book's argument regarding same-sex marriage, marriage, and monogamy. It first considers how same-sex marriage might change marriage for all before reflecting on what marriage tells us about the ideal of an ethically neutral state and liberalism as a public philosophy. It argues that same-sex marriage makes monogamous marriage stronger as a liberal and democratic social institution. From the standpoint of justice, the chapter explains how monogamous marriage helps imprint the DNA of equal liberty onto the very fiber of family and sexual intimacy. It contends that the distinctiveness of marriage as a plan of life goes beyond its role in securing justice, that lifelong monogamous marital commitment is a distinctive plan of life. It concludes by suggesting that, with respect to other complex aspects of law pertaining to marriage and family relations, the law should change incrementally.
Introduction
Authors: Van Buskirk Emily
Published: November 2017

This introductory chapter begins with a review of the works of Lydia Ginzburg. Ginzburg came of age soon after the Revolutions of 1917 as the most talented student of the Russian Formalists. For seven decades, she wrote about the reality of daily life and historical change in Soviet Russia. Yet in the English-speaking world, she is still known primarily as a literary scholar and as a “memoirist” of the siege of Leningrad during World War II. The chapter then sets out the book's focus, namely to investigate Ginzburg's concept of the self in the wake of the crisis of invidualism: a self that is called “post-individualist.” An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented followed by a biographical sketch of Ginzburg.
Buildings
Authors: M¨uhlherr Bernhard , Petersson Holger P. , Weiss Richard M.
Published: November 2017

This chapter assembles a few standard definitions, fixes some notation, and reviews a few of the results about buildings and Moufang polygons. It also summarizes the basic facts about Coxeter groups and buildings, including the fundamental properties of roots, residues, apartments, and projection maps. The chapter defines a Moufang building as spherical, thick, irreducible and of rank at least 2, and a Bruhat-Tits building as a thick irreducible affine building whose building at infinity is Moufang. Furthermore, it presents a fundamental result of Tits: that an irreducible thick spherical building of rank at least 3 satisfies the Moufang condition as do all the irreducible residues of rank at least 2 of such a building. Finally, it considers a simplicial complex, the dimension of which is its cardinality minus one.
Quadratic Forms over a ∈ Local Field
Authors: M¨uhlherr Bernhard , Petersson Holger P. , Weiss Richard M.
Published: November 2017

This chapter presents various results about quadratic forms over a field complete with respect to a discrete valuation. The discussion is based on the assumption that K is a field of arbitrary characteristic which is complete with respect to a discrete valuation ν‎ and uses the usual convention that ν‎(0) = infinity. The chapter starts with a notation regarding the ring of integers of K and the natural map from it to the residue field, followed by a number of propositions regarding an anisotropic quadratic space. These include an anisotropic quadratic space with residual quadratic spaces, an unramified quadratic space of finite dimension, unramified finite-dimensional anisotropic quadratic forms over K, unramified anisotropic quadratic forms and a bilinear form, and a round quadratic space over K. The chapter concludes with a theorem that there exists an anisotropic quadratic form over K, unique up to isometry, and is non-singular.
Unramified Quadrangles of Type E6, E7 and E8
Authors: M¨uhlherr Bernhard , Petersson Holger P. , Weiss Richard M.
Published: November 2017

This chapter deals with the case that the building at infinity of the Bruhat-Tits building Ξ‎ is a Moufang quadrangle of type E⁶, E₇, and E₈. It begins with a hypothesis that takes into account a quadratic space of type Eℓ for ℓ = 6, 7 or 8, K which is complete with respect to a discrete valuation, the two residues of Ξ‎, and the two root group sequences of a Moufang polygon. It then considers the case that Ξ‎ is an unramified quadrangle if the proposition δ‎Ψ‎ = 2 holds. It also explains two other propositions: Ξ‎ is a semi-ramified quadrangle if δ‎Λ‎ = 1 and δ‎Ψ‎ = 2 holds, and a ramified quadrangle if δ‎Λ‎ = δ‎Ψ‎ = 1 holds.
Semi-ramified Quadrangles of Type E6, E7 and E8
Authors: M¨uhlherr Bernhard , Petersson Holger P. , Weiss Richard M.
Published: November 2017

This chapter deals with the case that the building at infinity of the Bruhat-Tits building Ξ‎ is a Moufang semi-ramified quadrangle of type E⁶, E₇ and E₈. The basic proposition is that Ξ‎ is a semi-ramified quadrangle if δ‎Λ‎ = 1 and δ‎Ψ‎ = 2 holds. The chapter first considers the theorem supposing that ℓ = 6, that δ‎Λ‎ = 1 and δ‎Ψ‎ = 2, and that the Moufang residues R0 and R1 are not both indifferent. This is followed by cases ℓ = 7 and ℓ = 8 as well as theorems concerning an anisotropic pseudo-quadratic space, a quaternion division algebra, standard involution, a proper involutory set, and isotropic and anisotropic quadratic spaces.
Quadrangles of Type F4
Authors: M¨uhlherr Bernhard , Petersson Holger P. , Weiss Richard M.
Published: November 2017

This chapter deals with the case that the building at infinity Λ‎ of the Bruhat-Tits building Ξ‎ is a Moufang quadrangle of type F₄. It begins with the hypothesis stating that Λ‎ = (K, L, q) is a quadratic space of type F₄, K is complete with respect to a discrete valuation ν‎ and F is closed with respect to ν‎, Λ‎ is the Moufang quadrangle corresponding to a root group sequence, and R₀ and R₁ as the two residues of Ξ‎. The chapter also considers the theorem supposing that Λ‎ is of type F₄ and that R₀ and R₁ are not both indifferent, and claims that both cases really occur. Finally, it presents the proposition that R₀ and R₁ are both indifferent if and only if q is totally wild.
Coxeter Groups
Authors: M¨uhlherr Bernhard , Petersson Holger P. , Weiss Richard M.
Published: November 2017

This chapter develops a theory of descent for buildings by assembling various results about Coxeter groups. It begins with the notation stating that W is an arbitrary group with a distinguished set of generators S containing only elements of order 2, with MS denoting the free monoid on the set S and l: MS → ℕ denoting the length function. It then defines a Coxeter system and an automorphism of (W, S), which is an automorphism of the group W that stabilizes the set S, suggesting that there is a canonical isomorphism from Aut (W, S) to Aut(Π‎), where Π‎ is the associated Coxeter diagram with vertex set S. The chapter concludes with the proposition: Let α‎ be a root of Σ‎ and let T be the arctic region of α‎.
Subbuildings
Authors: M¨uhlherr Bernhard , Petersson Holger P. , Weiss Richard M.
Published: November 2017

This chapter presents a generalization of the typical notion of a subbuilding. It begins with the notation where Δ‎ is a building of type Π‎, and 𝐓 = (Π‎, Θ‎, A) is a Tits index of absolute type Π‎. A subbuilding of split type is a subbuilding of type 𝐓TΠ‎. The term “subbuilding” is used to refer to a subbuilding of split type of a residue. The chapter then considers apartments of a building that are classified as subbuildings, along with the notion of a thin 𝐓-building and a proposition in which 𝐓-buildings of Σ‎ are 𝐓-apartments. Finally, it describes a proposition where a Γ‎-residue of Δ‎ contains chambers of Σ‎.
Galois Involutions
Authors: M¨uhlherr Bernhard , Petersson Holger P. , Weiss Richard M.
Published: November 2017

This chapter focuses on the fixed points of a strictly semi-linear automorphism of order 2 of a spherical building which satisfies the conditions laid out in Hypothesis 30.1. It begins with the fhe definition of a spherical building satisfying the Moufang condition and a Galois involution of Δ‎, described as an automorphism of Δ‎ of order 2 that is strictly semi-linear. It can be recalled that Δ‎ can have a non-type-preserving semi-linear automorphism only if its Coxeter diagram is simply laced. The chapter assumes that the building Δ‎ being discussed is as in 30.1 and that τ‎ is a Galois involution of Δ‎. It also considers the notation stating that the polar region of a root α‎ of Δ‎ is the unique residue of Δ‎ containing the arctic region of α‎.
Forms of Residually Pseudo-Split Buildings
Authors: M¨uhlherr Bernhard , Petersson Holger P. , Weiss Richard M.
Published: November 2017

This chapter deals with forms of residually pseudo-split buildings. The proof rests on the fact that in every case, there is a Galois action of Γ‎ := GalL/K on Δ‎L whose fixed point building is isomorphic to Δ‎. A Tits index = (Π‎, Θ‎, A) is displayed by drawing the Coxeter diagram, bending edges where necessary so that vertices in the same Θ‎-orbit are conspicuously near to each other, and putting a circle around the set of vertices in each orbit of Θ‎ disjoint from A. The chapter presents the main result showing that every exceptional Bruhat-Tits building of rank at least 3 but not of type G˜2 with Tilde₂ is the fixed point building of an unramified group of order 2 or 4 acting on a residually pseudo-split building.
Should We Rely on Congress?
Authors: Sagar Rahul
Published: November 2017

This chapter examines why Congress typically struggles to stay abreast of the president's covert actions and policies. It identifies the principal challenge that Congress faces in its oversight of state secrecy: the executive does not believe that it is obliged to comply with Congress's requests for information. It also rejects the argument put forward by a number of scholars that such invocations of an “executive privilege” to withhold information do not pose a serious obstacle to oversight because Congress can use its wide-ranging constitutional powers to compel the president to part with the information needed to perform oversight. This is because absent some initial hint of wrongdoing, Congress will be hard-pressed to know whether and when it ought to enter into combat with the president.
Should the Law Condone Unauthorized Disclosures?
Authors: Sagar Rahul
Published: November 2017

This chapter examines whether the law ought to condone unauthorized disclosures of classified information. The features that make the unauthorized disclosure of classified information an effective and credible regulatory mechanism are the very same ones that raise concerns about its lawfulness and legitimacy. Because such disclosures override the classification decisions made by officials responsible for national security, our reliance on them seems to conflict with our commitment to the rule of law and the norms of democracy. The chapter explains what the law has to say about unauthorized disclosures of classified information and shows that the law is not favorably disposed toward the official responsible for making the unauthorized disclosure. It also argues against revising the law to take account of the fact that unauthorized disclosures can allow lawmakers and citizens to become aware of misconduct that would otherwise be shielded by state secrecy.
Global Production
Authors: Antràs Pol
Published: November 2017

This is the first book to provide a fully comprehensive overview of the complicated issues facing multinational companies and their global sourcing strategies. Few international trade transactions today are based on the exchange of finished goods; rather, the majority of transactions are dominated by sales of individual components and intermediary services. Many firms organize global production around offshoring parts, components, and services to producers in distant countries, and contracts are drawn up specific to the parties and distinct legal systems involved. This book examines the contractual frictions that arise in the international system of production and how these frictions influence the world economy. The book discusses the inevitable complications that develop in contract negotiation and execution. It provides a unified framework that sheds light on the factors helping global firms determine production locations and other organizational choices. The book also implements a series of systematic empirical tests, based on recent data from the U.S. Customs and Census Offices, which demonstrate the relevance of contractual factors in global production decisions. Using an integrated approach, the book is an excellent resource for researchers, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates interested in the inner workings of international economics and trade.
Introduction
Authors: Ikromov Isroil A. , Müller Detlef , Ikromov Isroil A. , Müller Detlef
Published: November 2017

This chapter discusses the Fourier restriction. The Fourier restriction problem presents one important instance of a wide circle of related problems, such as the boundedness properties of Bochner Riesz means, dimensional properties of Kakeya type sets, smoothing effects of averaging over time intervals for solutions to the wave equation (or more general dispersive equations), or the study of maximal averages along hypersurfaces. The common question underlying all these problems asks for the understanding of the interplay between the Fourier transform and properties of thin sets in Euclidean space, for instance geometric properties of subvarieties. The chapter builds on previous discussions on Fourier restrictions, and presents a brief overview of the succeeding chapters.
Reduction to Restriction Estimates near the Principal Root Jet
Authors: Ikromov Isroil A. , Müller Detlef
Published: November 2017

This chapter shows that one may reduce the desired Fourier restriction estimate to a piece Ssubscript Greek small letter psi of the surface S lying above a small, “horn-shaped” neighborhood Dsubscript Greek small letter psi of the principal root jet ψ‎, on which ∣x₂ − ψ‎(x₁)∣ ≤ ε‎xᵐ₁. Here, ε‎ > 0 can be chosen as small as one wishes. The proof then provides the opportunity to introduce some of the basic tools which will be applied frequently, such as dyadic domain decompositions, rescaling arguments based on the dilations associated to a given edge of the Newton polyhedron, in combination with Greenleaf's restriction and Littlewood–Paley theory, hence summing the estimates that have been obtained for the dyadic pieces.
Restriction for Surfaces with Linear Height below 2
Authors: Ikromov Isroil A. , Müller Detlef
Published: November 2017

This chapter studies the case where hsubscript lin(φ‎) < 2. It first performs a dyadic decomposition of a domain introduced in the previous chapter and the corresponding measure dμ‎superscript Greek small letter rho1. Next, given a measure dν‎ₖ, the chapter performs yet another Littlewood–Paley decomposition. Since the decay of the Fourier transforms of these measures is strongly nonisotropic, as a last step this chapter performs a dyadic decomposition in each of the frequency variables ζ‎₁, ζ‎₂, and ζ‎₃ dual to x₁, x₂, and x₃. In the end, a few cases in which this chapter is unable to sum the operator norms remain open, to be dealt with in the next chapter.
Improved Estimates by Means of Airy-Type Analysis
Authors: Ikromov Isroil A. , Müller Detlef
Published: November 2017

This chapter turns to the proof of a proposition from the previous chapter. Given the operators appearing in that proposition, this chapter establishes the endpoint result thereof by means of Stein's interpolation theorem for analytic families of operators. It constructs analytic families of complex measure μ‎subscript Greek small letter zeta, for ζ‎ in the complex strip Σ‎ given by 0 ≤ Reζ‎ ≤ 1, by introducing complex coefficients in the sums defining the measures ν‎subscript Greek small letter delta,jsuperscript V and ν‎subscript Greek small letter delta,jsuperscript V I, respectively. These coefficients are chosen as exponentials of suitable affine-linear expression in ζ‎ in such a way that, in particular, μ‎subscript Greek small letter theta subscript c = ν‎subscript Greek small letter delta,jsuperscript V I, respectively, μ‎subscript Greek small letter theta subscript c = ν‎subscript Greek small letter delta,jsuperscript V I. As it turns out, the main problem consists in establishing suitable uniform bounds for the measure μ‎subscript Greek small letter zeta when ζ‎ lies on the right boundary line of Σ‎.
How to Go beyond the Case hlin(φ‎) ≥ 5
Authors: Ikromov Isroil A. , Müller Detlef
Published: November 2017

This chapter mostly considers the domains of type Dsubscript (l), which are in some sense “closest” to the principal root jet, since it turns out that the other domains Dsubscript (l) with l ≥ 2 are easier to handle. In a first step, by means of some lower bounds on the r-height, this chapter establishes favorable restriction estimates in most situations, with the exception of certain cases where m = 2 and B = 3 or B = 4. In some cases the chapter applies interpolation arguments in order to capture the endpoint estimates for p = psubscript c. Sometimes this can be achieved by means of a variant of the Fourier restriction theorem. However, in most of these cases the chapter applies complex interpolation in a similar way as has been done in Chapter 5.
The Remaining Cases Where m = 2 and B = 3 or B = 4
Authors: Ikromov Isroil A. , Müller Detlef
Published: November 2017

This chapter discusses the remaining cases for l = 1. With the same basic approach as in Chapter 5, the chapter again performs an additional dyadic frequency domain decomposition related to the distance to a certain Airy cone. This is needed in order to control the integration with respect to the variable x₁ in the Fourier integral defining the Fourier transform of the complex measures ν‎subscript Greek small letter delta superscript Greek small letter lamda. It first applies a suitable translation in the x₁-coordinate before performing a more refined analysis of the phase Φ‎superscript Music sharp sign. The chapter then treats the case where λ‎ρ‎(̃‎δ‎) ≲ 1 and hereafter deals with the case where λ‎ρ‎(̃‎δ‎) ≲ 1 and B = 4. Finally, the chapter turns to the case where B = 3.
Proofs of Propositions 1.7 and 1.17
Authors: Ikromov Isroil A. , Müller Detlef
Published: November 2017

This chapter showcases the remaining proofs of two results from the first chapter. It turns to the first of these results, based on a proposition made Chapter 1, on the characterization of linearly adapted coordinates. The chapter separately proves the two conditions discussed in the first proposition, before moving on to the next proposition. The second proposition obtained from Chapter 1 is about an invariant description of the notion of r-height. The chapter proves both parts of the proposition at the same time, which proves in the process an inequality from Chapter 9 before arriving at the proof of the proposition proper.
The Problem and Its Modes
Authors: Pocock J.G.A. , Whatmore Richard
Published: November 2017

This chapter examines the tensions between the traditional and the timeless modes of politics. It surmises that the civic humanist might attempt the realization of the universal values of the polis in the particular, finite, and historical form of the republic. Since the republic was neither a customary community nor an aspect of the church militant, it must remain a moment in time—a moment either in fulfillment of prophecy or in the irrational turning of fortune’s wheel—or it must seek means of escaping from the conceptual scheme that has so far been outlined. Minds that could be led to make such commitments and take such chances would be toughly and securely civic minds indeed.
The Medicean Restoration
Authors: Pocock J.G.A. , Whatmore Richard
Published: November 2017

This chapter considers whether the “Venetian” formulation of the decision in 1494 to introduce widespread membership in the Florentine Consiglio Grande under the form of imitating the Venetian constitution was not the work of ottimati who considered that a governo largo would suit them better than a stretto. The ottimati were that inner circle of influential Florentine families who considered themselves an elite. But the background to the debate over the real character of Venice, and the form of government best suited to Florence, was the increasing inability of the Consiglio Grande to govern in a way satisfactory to the ottimati as a class.
The Medicean Restoration
Authors: Pocock J.G.A. , Whatmore Richard
Published: November 2017

This chapter adopts a formal and political approach to Machiavelli’s Il Principe (The Prince, 1532). Il Principe is a study of the “new prince”—or rather of that class of political innovators to which he belongs. Here, Machiavelli focuses on the relations between the innovator and fortune. Thus, this chapter seeks to bring out some of the work’s implications by relating them to two schemes of ideas: the one rehearsing the modes of cognizing and acting upon the particular which appear to have been available in medieval and Renaissance political thought; the other detailing humanist and Florentine thought on the relation of citizenship, virtue, and fortuna.
Rome and Venice
Authors: Pocock J.G.A. , Whatmore Richard
Published: November 2017

This chapter turns to Machiavelli’s Discorsi (Discourses on the first Ten Books of Livy, 1531) and his Arte della Guerra (The Art of War, 1521). Drawing from this volume’s overall inquiry into the “Machiavellian moment,” the chapter turns to the concept of virtue, from which it distinguishes two meanings: one of which has something to do with time while the other has something to do with the Aristotelian concept of form. In both of Machiavelli’s writings under discussion, both these concepts are brought together. Moreover, the chapter analyzes these two works using the same conceptual framework that was used to interpret Il Principe.
The Problem of English Machiavellism
Authors: Pocock J.G.A. , Whatmore Richard
Published: November 2017

This chapter investigates how patterns of “Machiavellian” thought became operative in England, and at a later period in colonial and revolutionary America. Moreover, the chapter tackles the problem of England, in which there occurred in that culture nothing like the relatively simple options for vita activa, vivere civile, and the republican modeling of the historical self-image, which were all necessary in order to account for the highly complex conceptual reaarrangements which ensued. Republican and Machiavellian ideas had to become domiciled in an environment dominated by monarchical, legal, and theological concepts apparently in no way disposed to require the definition of England as a polis or the Englishman as a citizen.
The Eighteenth-Century Debate
Authors: Pocock J.G.A. , Whatmore Richard
Published: November 2017

This chapter explores the reasons as to why the inherited complex of ideas concerning republican virtue and its place in social time was transmitted into the eighteenth century in the form so little changed and yet so radically challenged. It shows that the American Revolution and Constitution in some sense form the last act of the civic Renaissance, and that the ideas of the civic humanist tradition provide an important key to the paradoxes of modern tensions between individual self-awareness on the one hand and consciousness of society, property, and history on the other. The American founders occupied a “Machiavellian moment”—a crisis in the relations between personality and society, virtue and corruption—but at the same time stood at a moment in history when that problem was being either left behind or admitted insoluble.
The Americanization of Virtue
Authors: Pocock J.G.A. , Whatmore Richard
Published: November 2017

This chapter explores the history of the American consciousness in search of what manifestations of the problems of the republican perspective may be found there. It follows the discussion in the eighteenth-century debate of the previous chapter, and then turns to the debates on virtue and corruption, as well as an apocalyptic dimension to Machiavellism. The fact that the apocalyptic discourse was still an available recourse illustrates how far American thought and speech still belonged to the Renaissance tradition studied earlier in this volume. The chapter then turns to the debates regarding the Federalist theory as well as the end of the Machiavellian moment in America—that is, the end of the quarrel with history in its distinctively American form.
Main Lemma Implies the Main Theorem
Authors: Isett Philip
Published: November 2017

This chapter shows that the Main Lemma implies the main theorem. It proves Theorem (10.1) by inductively applying the Main Lemma in order to construct a sequence of solutions of the Euler-Reynolds system. At each stage of the induction, an energy function is chosen along with a parameter whose choice determines the growth of the frequency parameter and the decay of the energy level. A base case lemma is then established, after which the proof of the Main Theorem (10.1) is presented so that the Main Lemma implies the Main Theorem. The Main Lemma is employed to approximately prescribe the energy increment of the correction. The solution obtained at the end of the process is nontrivial.
Checking Frequency Energy Levels for the Velocity and Pressure
Authors: Isett Philip
Published: November 2017

This chapter checks frequency energy levels for the velocity and pressure. It begins by comparing the different estimates obtained for the corrections to the velocity and the pressure with the Main Lemma. It then considers bounds that will be established for a particular constant C once the constant Bsubscript Greek Small Letter Lamda has been chosen. It also checks whether the frequency and energy levels of the new velocity and pressure are consistent with the claims of the Main Lemma (10.1). To complete the proof of the Main Lemma (10.1), it now only remains to choose a constant Bsubscript Greek Small Letter Lamda so that (243) and (244) can be verified for the new energy levels. This choice of Bλ‎ is the last step of the proof.
Some Commutative Algebra
Authors: Aschenbrenner Matthias , Dries Lou van den , Hoeven Joris van der
Published: November 2017

This chapter provides a background on commutative algebra and gives a self-contained proof of Johnson's Theorem 5.9.1 on regular solutions of systems of algebraic differential equations. It presents the facts on regular local rings and Kähler differentials needed for Theorem 5.9.1. It also recalls a common notational convention concerning a commutative ring R and an R-module M, with U and V as additive subgroups of R and M. Other topics include the Zariski topology, noetherian rings and spaces, rings and modules of finite length, integral extensions and integrally closed domains, Krull's Principal Ideal Theorem, differentials, and derivations on field extensions.
Differential Polynomials
Authors: Aschenbrenner Matthias , Dries Lou van den , Hoeven Joris van der
Published: November 2017

This chapter deals with differential polynomials. It first presents some basic facts about differential fields that are of characteristic zero with one distinguished derivation, along with their extensions. It then considers various decompositions of differential polynomials in their natural setting, along with valued differential fields and the property of continuity of the derivation with respect to the valuation topology. It also discusses the gaussian extension of the valuation to the ring of differential polynomials and concludes with some basic results on simple differential rings and differentially closed fields. In contrast to the corresponding notions for fields, the chapter shows that differential fields always have proper d-algebraic extensions, and the differential closure of a differential field K is not always minimal over K.
Asymptotic Fields and Asymptotic Couples
Authors: Aschenbrenner Matthias , Dries Lou van den , Hoeven Joris van der
Published: November 2017

This chapter deals with asymptotic differential fields and their asymptotic couples. Asymptotic fields include Rosenlicht's differential-valued fields and share many of their basic properties. A key feature of an asymptotic field is its asymptotic couple. The chapter first defines asymptotic fields and their asymptotic couples before discussing H-asymptotic couples. It then considers asymptotic couples independent of their connection to asymptotic fields, along with the behavior of differential polynomials as functions on asymptotic fields. It also describes asymptotic fields with small derivation and the operations of coarsening and specialization, algebraic and immediate extensions of asymptotic fields, and differential polynomials of order one. Finally, it proves some useful extension results about asymptotic couples and establishes a property of closed H-asymptotic couples.
H-Fields
Authors: Aschenbrenner Matthias , Dries Lou van den , Hoeven Joris van der
Published: November 2017

This chapter considers H-fields, pre-differential-valued fields with a field ordering that interacts with the valuation and derivation. Axiomatizing this interaction yields the notion of a pre-H-field; H-fields are d-valued pre-H-fields. The chapter begins by upgrading some basic facts on asymptotic fields to pre-d-valued fields; for example, algebraic extensions of pre-d-valued fields are pre-d-valued, not just asymptotic. It then adjoins integrals to pre-d-valued fields of H-type. It shows that every pre-d-valued field of H-type has a canonical differential-valued extension. It also adjoins exponential integrals to pre-d-valued fields of H-type. Finally, it describes Liouville closed H-fields, and especially the uniqueness properties of Liouville closure.
Newtonian Differential Fields
Authors: Aschenbrenner Matthias , Dries Lou van den , Hoeven Joris van der
Published: November 2017

This chapter deals with Newtonian differential fields. Here K is an ungrounded H-asymptotic field with Γ‎ := v(Ksuperscript x ) not equal to {0}. So the subset ψ‎ of Γ‎ is nonempty and has no largest element, and thus K is pre-differential-valued by Corollary 10.1.3. An extension of K means an H-asymptotic field extension of K. The chapter first considers the relation of Newtonian differential fields to differential-henselianity before discussing weak forms of newtonianity and differential polynomials of low complexity. It then proves newtonian versions of d-henselian results in Chapter 7, leading to the following analogue of Theorem 7.0.1: If K is λ‎-free and asymptotically d-algebraically maximal, then K is ω‎-free and newtonian. Finally, it describes unravelers and newtonization.
Quantifier Elimination
Authors: Aschenbrenner Matthias , Dries Lou van den , Hoeven Joris van der
Published: November 2017

This chapter considers the theory Tsuperscript nl of ω‎-free newtonian Liouville closed H-fields that eliminates quantifiers in a certain natural language. This theory has two completions: in the first, the models are the models of Tsuperscript nl with small derivation; in the second, the derivation is not small. One can move from models of the first completion to models of the second completion by compositional conjugation. The chapter begins with a discussion of extensions controlled by asymptotic couples and then shows the uniqueness-up-to-isomorphism of Newton-Liouville closures of ω‎-free H-fields. It then constructs a ω‎-free ΔΩ‎-field extension of K with a useful semiuniversal property. It also deduces Theorem 7 about quantifier elimination with various interesting consequences and concludes by specifying the language of ΔΩ‎-fields and demonstrating the elimination of quantifiers with applications.
Perbedaan Kadar Tumor Necrosis Factor - Alfa Antara Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Terkontrol Dengan Tidak Terkontrol
Authors: Yuniarti Elsa
Published: November 2017

Hyperglicemia in DM Type will induce macrofag to produce cytokin proinflamation TNF-α. High levels of TNF-α in DM Type 2 can lead to more severe insulin resistance and become involved in endothelial dysfunction which lead to complications of the disease. This research aims to know differences between TNF-α level in DM type 2 controlled and uncontrolled. This research used obervational analizing method and cross sectional study comparative approach. Blood samples are grouped to 35 patient DM type 2 controlled and uncontrolled in the medicinal treatment in Padang State University polyclinic. The level of serum TNF-α will be examined in Biomedical Laboratory FKUA using ELISA method. TNF-α level in the diabetes type 2 controlled on average 7,55 ± 0,43 pg/ml whereas uncontrolled on average 149,28 ± 26,82 pg/ml. The Mann-Whitney test showed a p value < 0,001. There are significant differences in the levels of TNF-α in patients with DM type 2 controlled and uncontrolled. Key Words : Diabetes Mellitus type 2 controlled and uncontrolled, TNF-α
Pengaruh Varietas Beras Putih Sumatera Barat Terhadap Nilai Hematokrit Darah Mencit (Mus Musculus L. Swiss Webster) Jantan
Authors: Safitri Silvira
Published: November 2017

White rice is considered as a food have hyperglycemic, it can increase the risk of Diabetes Mellitus. Changes in blood hematocrit value is very risky for people with Diabetic. High hematocrit value increases the risk of hypertension in patients with Diabetic. Meanwhile, a low hematocrit values can lead to anemia in patients. Thus it made to reduce the risk of diabetic disease has to limit consumption of white rice. In fact, white rice glycemic response varies widely, influenced by processing, varieties, and chemical composition.West Sumatra white rice have high amylose deemed able to increase blood glucose slowly. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of white rice varieties West Sumatra on blood hematocrit value mice (Mus musculus L. Swiss Webster) males. This research used Completely Randomized Design with 7 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment were 0,5 mL sugar solution as a control, and 0,5 mL of  rice flour Bakwan, Ciredek, Cantiak Manih, Randah Putiah, Mundam and Anak Daro. Blood hematocrit value mice (Mus musculus L. Swiss Webster) males measured on day 7th and 15th. Data analyzed by ANOVA and DNMRT at significance level of 5%. The results showed white rice varieties West Sumatra affect blood hematocrit values mice (Mus musculus L. Swiss Webster) males. White rice varieties resulted the highest hematocrit values found in male mice is rice Ciredek of Solok. Meanwhile, the normal hematocrit values found in male mice were given rice Mundam of Pariaman. Rice Mundam can be consumed by people with Diabetes because it provides stable results for hematocrit value. Keywords: Rice White, Blood Glucose, Mus musculus, Hematocrit
Sirtuins in wound healing
Authors: Aioi Akihiro
Published: November 2017

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are initially recognized as NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase. SIRTs attract attention for their role as calorie restriction-induced “longevity proteins” to be expected to extend human life span and to promote health. As advancing studies, SIRTs have been recognized as cell signaling regulators which contribute to anti-inflammation, cell differentiation and so on. Therefore, SIRTs are supposed to affect wound healing which is comprised highly orchestrated complex four phases: hemostasis, inflammation, tissue formation and tissue remodeling. This review highlights the roles of SIRTs in wound healing process and provides a foundation and impetus for future basic and clinical research.
ASPECTOS GEOPOLÍTICOS E GEOESTRATÉGICOS DO SHALE GAS
Authors: Martins Rhodiney Vaz , Guerra Sinclair Mallet Guy , Junger Alex Paubel , Facó Julio Francisco Blumetti
Published: November 2017

Os EUA praticamente dobraram a sua produção de gás natural na última década através do shale gas (MME, 2015). Levando o país a ser o maior produtor mundial de gás natural (BP, 2014). O crescimento da produção do gás natural nos EUA vem causando implicações na geopolítica e geoestratégias dos países importadores e exportadores de gás natural. Há dúvidas dessa chamada “revolução do shale gas”, gerando debate entre os especialistas em energia. Este artigo procura levantar esse debate energético entre os especialistas, mostrando assim as dúvidas que cercam a produção e reservas do shale gas dos EUA. Outro fator importante é ligado aos impactos na saúde e no meio ambiente, devido ao seu método de exploração, através do fraturamento hidráulico.  Os resultados mostram que há muita polêmica entre os especialistas, que o Brasil precisa abrir um grande debate energético na sociedade, antes do início de qualquer exploração do shale gas.
DESENVOLVIMENTO ORGANIZACIONAL E A GESTÃO DE MUDANÇAS EM EMPRESAS NA ÁREA DA SAÚDE
Authors: LICCIARDI NORMA , Oliveira das Neves Hélio Rubens
Published: November 2017

RESUMO

As fusões e aquisições cresceram significativamente no Brasil nos últimos anos e a tendência é a essas operações continuem em alta no mercado brasileiro, visto a situação econômica do país. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender como a fusão e/ou aquisição de uma organização impacta os funcionários, bem como os caminhos que podem ser traçados pelo Desenvolvimento Organizacional para que a adaptação ao novo ambiente seja efetiva. Além do referencial teórico adotado, uma pesquisa com os colaboradores da organização objeto de estudo fizeram parte da elaboração deste material. Os resultados mostraram que as principais emoções vivenciadas pelas pessoas são: curiosidade, ansiedade e insegurança, respectivamente. Estes sentimentos são comuns no processo de mudança, especialmente quando falamos de fusões e aquisições, pois as informações divulgadas são restritas devido à falta de definição de alguns processos. Pensando nas alternativas propostas pelo D.O, abrir mais os canais de comunicação e resgatar a confiança das pessoas são imprescindíveis para a adaptação dos colaboradores no novo ambiente de trabalho.
RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL CORPORATIVA :
Authors: LICCIARDI NORMA , Patricio Patricia
Published: November 2017

Este artigo avalia as percepções de funcionários do departamento comercial de uma empresa recicladora de lâmpadas fluorescentes (que, portanto, tem a RSA em seu modelo de negócio) sobre aspectos relacionados à RSC. O objetivo geral do trabalho é responder à questão:  qual a percepção dos funcionários do departamento comercial de uma recicladora de lâmpadas sobre aspectos ligados à RSC sob os pontos de vista da gestão da imagem interna e externa da empresa? Para sua realização foi elaborado um  estudo de caso qualitativo, que avalia a percepção de funcionários de uma empresa recicladora de lâmpadas fluorescentes sobre práticas de gestão, e verifica se estas se aproximam mais da RSA ou da RSC. O instrumento de pesquisa é um questionário, cujo link na plataforma Google Forms foi distribuído a uma amostra de conveniência (40 funcionários do departamento comercial, dos quais 29 responderam). A análise qualitativa dos dados permitiu conhecer pontos fortes e de atenção da empresa, no que se refere a RSA, RSC e práticas de gestão de pessoas, conforme percepção dos colaboradores. Os resultados analisados permitiram  identificar que a empresa se aproxima mais da RSA do que da RSC, segundo funcionários do departamento comercial. Ao articular os resultados com a revisão de literatura, incluiu-se o conceito de greenwashing, que não constava do referencial teórico, mas acabou sendo identificado na interpretação dos dados. Considera-se que uma contribuição deste artigo está na diferenciação entre RSA e RSC a partir da visão de profissionais de vendas de uma empresa cujo modelo de negócio se baseia em soluções ambientalmente corretas.
Territórios em disputa
Authors: Rodrigues Robson
Published: November 2017

Em diferentes períodos históricos as terras da região sudeste paulista eram habitadas por populações indígenas Guarani e que durante o processo de colonização foram transferidas para a Terra Indígena Araribá, município de Avaí, região de Bauru, centro oeste do estado, local da criação de um dos primeiros aldeamentos ofciais do SPI. O próprio deslocamento Guarani pelo seu Território demonstra que eles sempre foram da região estudada e que não chegaram por acaso ao local. As migrações aconteciam anteriormente à chegada dos europeus, constituindo-se em aspectos próprios da cultura Guarani. O que se pretende desenvolver nesse artigo é o entendimento de aspectos da dinâmica de ocupação Guarani Ñandeva no vale do rio Itararé, além de informações sobre o grupo no que diz respeito a dados etnoarqueológicos sobre a ocupação das terras indígenas, tendo em vista os aspectos culturais, espaciais e temporais.
Corpo, comunicação e conhecimento
Authors: Barreto Cristiana
Published: November 2017

Este artigo parte de algumas reﬂexões sobre o papel do arqueólogo no atual contexto de discussões sobre multivocalidade na socialização do patrimônio arqueológico da Amazônia, para apresentar uma proposta conceitual e metodológica de comunicação e transmissão de conhecimento científco mais afnada com uma arqueologia pública do século XXI. Em resumo, trata-se de privilegiar certas áreas da interpretação arqueológica cuja capacidade agentiva de comunicação visual e esferas de reconhecibilidade sejam mais abrangentes e inclusivas quanto aos públicos e audiências em jogo
Musealização da Arqueologia
Authors: Bruno Maria Cristina Oliveira
Published: November 2017

O artigo apresenta os campos constitutivos inerentes aos processos de Musealização da Arqueologia, apontando características dos percursos acadêmicos que têm registrado, problematizado e divulgado as experiências que entrelaçam a Museologia e a Arqueologia neste contexto. Explora, ainda, as intersecções e potencialidades dessas ações nos âmbitos institucionais de regramento preservacionista ou de ensino e pesquisa que têm pautado esses percursos no enfrentamento das questões de educação, patrimônio e desenvolvimento.
Dois enquadramentos, um mesmo problema
Authors: Wichers Camila A. de Moraes
Published: November 2017

O artigo sintetiza as contribuições teóricas e os avanços metodológicos de dois trabalhos acadêmicos que, a partir das óticas disciplinares da Museologia e Arqueologia, defendem a Musealização da Arqueologia como caminho para a aproximação entre patrimônio arqueológico e sociedade. A tese em Museologia “Museus e antropofagia do patrimônio arqueológico: (des) caminhos da prática brasileira”, defendida na Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, aborda a relação entre museus e patrimônio arqueológico noBrasil, propondo a integração entre abordagens pós-processuais da Arqueologia com a Sociomuseologia. Por seu turno, a tese em Arqueologia “Patrimônio Arqueológico Paulista: proposições e provocações museológicas”, defendida na Universidade de São Paulo, verticaliza a análise anterior no território paulista, avançando na proposição de conceitos, métodos e estratégias de trabalho.
Você me daria um "cheque em branco"?
Authors: Costa Carlos Alberto Santos , Comerlato Fabiana
Published: November 2017

O presente artigo visa discutir o endosso institucional para acervos arqueológicos. Nesse caminho, aborda: a noção de endosso institucional, observando os princípios que regem essa ação e conceitos associados, com a finalidade de chamar a atenção para como este ato corriqueiro fragiliza a instituição; os diferentes agentes envolvidos na sua tramitação, e como as relações estabelecidas levam a que alguns destes agentes centralizem os processos de gestão dos acervos arqueológicos; as principais diretrizes legais relacionadas ao endosso institucional e suas peculiaridades; e, por fim, apresenta algumas alternativas para contornar a fragilidade que a tramitação do endosso institucional leva à instituição de guarda.
Socialização do conhecimento arqueológico: Uma perspectiva interdisciplinar
Authors: Carneiro Carla Gilbertoni
Published: November 2017

O artigo objetiva levantar discussão acerca da importância de uma perspectiva interdisciplinar na realização e análise dos processos que envolvem a socialização do conhecimento arqueológico. Tal proposição fundamenta-se a partir do desenvolvimento da tese de doutorado Ações Educacionais no contexto da Arqueologia Preventiva – uma proposta para Amazônia estudo que procurou discutir a partir das áreas da Educação Patrimonial, Arqueologia Pública e Musealização da Arqueologia um modelo de desenvolvimento de ações educacionais no contexto amazônico.
Notícias sobre novos projetos acadêmicos
Authors: Editorial Comissão
Published: November 2017

Os trabalhos aqui reunidos correspondem aos novos projetos acadêmicos que estão em realização e foram levantados a partir de enquete eletrônica no âmbito da REMAAE (Rede de Museus de Acervos Arqueológicos). Agradecemos àqueles que responderam à enquete, possibilitando a verificação dos temas que estão sendo problematizados e as experiências que se encontram em desenvolvimento.
Fronteras simbólicas y redes intelectuales. Una propuesta
Authors: Pita González Alexandra
Published: November 2017

Las redes intelectuales han sido poco estudiadas y menos aún se ha planteado de manera específica el significado de sus fronteras. Por ello, este ensayo realiza un breve balance historiográfico de algunos trabajos sobre las fronteras en la historia, el papel del intelectual como sujeto de frontera y el carácter simbólico de aquellas mencionadas en algunos trabajos de redes intelectuales. En una segunda parte, se enfoca en una red en particular, La Unión Latino Americana durante sus primeros años (1923-1925), para reflexionar sobre dos coyunturas específicas: la de su fundación, para observar cómo una nueva red se entrelaza con otras, y cuando surge una ruptura importante en ella y se separan algunos de sus miembros para formar otra red. Si en la primera la frontera es una zona porosa de libre tránsito, en la segunda se convierte en un límite infranqueable de exclusión.