bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SUB-MICROSCALE SPECKLE PATTERN CREATION ON SINGLE CARBON FIBERS FOR IN-SITU DIC EXPERIMENTS
Authors: SHAH KARAN , YANG GENE , LOUBANI MOHAMMAD EL , SOCKALINGAM SUBRAMANI , LEE DONGKYU
Published: November 2021

High performance carbon and glass fibers are widely used as reinforcements in composite material systems for aerospace, automotive, and defense applications. Modifications to fiber surface treatment (sizing) is one of the ways to improve the strength of fibers and hence the overall longitudinal tensile strength of the composite. Single fiber tensile tests at the millimeter scale are typically used to characterize the effect of sizing on fiber strength. However, the characteristic length-scale governing the composite failure due to a cluster of fiber breaks is in the micro-scales. To access such micro-scale gage-lengths, we aim to employ indenters of varying radii to transversely load fibers and use scanning electron microscope (SEM) with digital image correlation (DIC) to measure strains at these lengthscales. The use of DIC technique requires creation of a uniform, random, and high contrast speckle pattern on the fiber surface such as that shown in Figure 1. In this work, we investigate the formation of sub-microscale speckle pattern on carbon fiber surface via sputter deposition and pulsed laser deposition techniques (PLD) using Gold-Palladium (Au-Pd) and Niobium-doped SrTiO3 (Nb:STO) targets respectively. Different processing conditions are investigated for both sputter deposition: sputtering current and coating duration, and PLD: number of pulses respectively to create sub-micron scale patterns viable for micro-DIC on both sized and unsized carbon fibers. By varying the deposition conditions and SEM-imaging the deposited patterns on fibers, successful pattern formation at sub-micron scale is demonstrated for both as-received sized and unsized IM7 carbon fibers of average diameter 5.2 μm via sputter deposition and PLD respectively.
PLASMA POLYMERIZATION ON UNSIZED BASALT FIBRES FOR IMPROVING THE INTERFACIAL STRENGTH WITH POLYMER MATRICES
Authors: LILLI MATTEO , ZVONEK MILAN , CECH VLADIMIR , SCHEFFLER CHRISTINA , TIRILLÒ JACOPO , SARASINI FABRIZIO
Published: November 2021

Basalt fibres are becoming a promising alternative to synthetic fibres as a green reinforcement phase in polymeric matrix composites, showing excellent mechanical, chemical and thermal properties. In this work we synthetized tetravinylsilane (TVS) or a mixture formed by tetravinylsilane and different percentages of oxygen on the surface of unsized basalt fibres through the Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) technique for improving the fibre/matrix adhesion. Single fibre tensile test proved the effectiveness of the process, without any degradation of the mechanical properties of modified basalt fibres. Finally, through pull out tests, the interfacial properties of basalt fibres were studied, measuring increases up to 80% of the IFSS for modified fibres compared to neat fibres. This result is the consequence of a greater chemical compatibility between the fibres and the matrix, thanks to the presence of a higher number of Si-O-C groups, and of a mechanical interlocking effect promoted by the increased surface roughness of the plasma-modified fibres.
DISPERSION OF COBALT FERRITE FUNCTIONALIZED GRAPHENE NANOPLATELETS IN PLA FOR EMI SHIELDING APPLICATIONS
Authors: ANURAKPARADORN KANAT , TAUB ALAN , MICHIELSSEN ERIC
Published: November 2021

The proliferation of wireless technology calls for the development of cost-effective Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) shielding materials that reduce the susceptibility of high-speed electronic circuits to undesired incoming radiation. Ideally, such materials offer protection over wide frequency ranges and are insensitive to the polarization or angle of incidence of the impinging fields. Here, next-generation EMI shielding materials composed of polymer composites with conductive and magnetic fillers are introduced. It is shown that careful control of the concentration and dispersion of the polymers’ conductive and magnetic constituents permits tuning of the composites’ intrinsic electrical and magnetic properties. The resulting EMI shields are lightweight, cheap and offer greater protection than traditional metal gaskets and foams. In this work, cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (CoFe2O4) decorated on graphene-based material were dispersed in polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for high EM absorption level in X-band (8-12 GHz). The decoration of the magnetic particles was performed on the as-prepared conductive graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). GNP composites exhibited higher DC conductivity, and permittivity than rGO composites. This is attributed to issues associated with the reduction process, including a lack of conductivity due to the insulated oxygen functional groups and the reduction in the lateral size. Compared with rGOs, the lack of out-plane functional groups causes the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles to agglomerate and not cover the entire surface of the GNPs. These morphological differences improve the magnetization and EM absorption of the composite system. The compatibilizer (pyrene-PLA-OH) was added to the composites to enhance dispersion of the GNPs in the polymer matrix which benefits in higher absorption of the shield. The influence of the compatibilizer on parameter, the reflection loss (RL) of the composite were determined from the characterized intrinsic properties
ASSESSING THE MULTIAXIAL DEFORMATION RESPONSE OF UNIDIRECTIONAL NON-CRIMP FABRICS
Authors: GHAZIMORADI MEHDI , CARVELLI VALTER , MONTESANO JOHN
Published: November 2021

In this study, the mixed-mode deformation response of a unidirectional non- crimp fabric (UD-NCF) was investigated. Multiaxial in-plane shear-biaxial tension tests were performed using a new multi-branched fabric specimen on a custom multi-axial loading device. Tests were performed with various ratios of deformation along three loading directions to impose combined tension and shear deformation on the fabric specimens. The different loading cases revealed a strong inter-dependency between shear and tensile deformation modes. Observation and measurement of local deformations provided important quantitative and qualitative information to deeply understand the interaction of typical meso- and macro-scale deformations, which can be leveraged during the forming process of liquid composite molded components to reduce shear-induced defects such as wrinkling.
DAMAGE EVOLUTION IN NON-CRIMP FABRIC CARBON FIBER/EPOXY MULTI-DIRECTIONAL LAMINATES UNDER QUASI-STATIC TENSION
Authors: SURATKAR AADITYA , MONTESANO JOHN , WOOD JEFFREY
Published: November 2021

An experimental study was performed to characterize the evolution of damage in a unidirectional Non-Crimp Fabric (NCF) carbon fiber/snap-cure epoxy composite under in-plane quasi-static tensile loads. The NCF composites were manufactured using a High Pressure-Resin Transfer Molding (HP-RTM) process and comprised a fast-curing epoxy resin and heavy tow unidirectional carbon fiber NCF layers. Laminates with stacking sequences [0/±45/90] and [±45/0 ] were subjected to axial and transverse quasi-static tensile loads and an in-situ Edge replication (ER) technique was used to capture the damage evolution at predefined intervals. An imprint of the composite microstructure, as observed on the edges of a test coupon, was created on a cellulose acetate replicating tape, which was then observed under the microscope. The onset and progression of ply cracks and delamination, which were the two major damage modes present, were quantified and correlated with the stress-strain curves and changes in stiffness. The influence of stacking sequence and ply thickness are also captured.
INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF HYBRID CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTAL/CARBONACEOUS NANOMATERIAL COMPOSITES
Authors: KAYNAN OZGE , PEREZ LISA , ASADI AMIR
Published: November 2021

Cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) assisted carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) were used to modify the interfacial region of carbon fiber (CF) and polymer matrix to strengthen the properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP). Before transferring CNC-CNTs and CNC-GnPs on the CF surface by an immersion coating method, the nanomaterials were dispersed in DI water homogeneously by using probe sonication technique without additives. The results showed that the addition of CNC-CNT and CNC-GnP adjusted the interfacial chemistry of CFRP with the formation of polar groups. Furthermore, according to the single fiber fragmentation test (SFFT), the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of CNC-GnP 6:1 and CNC-CNT 10:1 added CFRP increased to 55 MPa and 64 MPa due to modified interfacial chemistry by the incorporation of the nanomaterials. This processing technique also resulted in improvement in interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) in CFRPs from 35 MPa (neat composite) to 45 (CNC-GnP 6:1) MPa and 52 MPa (CNC-CNT 10:1).
OPTIMIZATION OF TAB GEOMETRY TO MINIMIZE LONGITUDINAL STRESS CONCENTRATION DURING TENSILE TESTING OF UNIDIRECTIONAL CFRP
Authors: UPADHYAY SHAILEE , MESQUITA FRANCISCO , FAZLALI BABAK , GORBATIKH LARISSA , SWOLFS YENTL
Published: November 2021

A uniaxial tensile test is a useful method for determination of material properties, especially longitudinal tensile strength. To accurately derive the longitudinal tensile strength, it is desired that the specimen fails in in the gauge section defined here as ‘working zone’. Unidirectional (UD) composites require use of end tabs during this tensile testing to avoid damage to the specimen due to grip serrations. The grip pressure, along with sudden geometry change at the edge of end tabs leads to longitudinal stress concentrations. The conventionally used rectangular and tapered end tabs suffer from these longitudinal stress concentrations under the edge of end tabs, causing premature failure of specimen outside of the working zone. In the present paper, a simulation study is performed for comparison of conventional end tabs with hybrid specimen geometry [1] and a novel arrow-shaped end tab geometry to determine the effect of end tab geometry on longitudinal stress concentrations. The study is focused on high modulus carbon fibre HS40/epoxy UD (0°) composite. The numerical model replicates the actual set-up for uniaxial tensile testing, including contact interactions between testing machine components. The simulation results are used to further optimise the geometry and provide recommendations to eliminate or minimise longitudinal stress concentrations.
PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENTAL/ANALYTICAL CORRELATIONS OF THE FORMING OF STRETCH BROKEN CARBON FIBER TOWS AND LAMINATES
Authors: SHCHEMELININ YONI , EISGRUBER RACHEL , NELSON JARED W. , CAIRNS DOUGLAS , EGLOFF MATT , JANICKI JOSEPH , FEIGEL BRYAN , AMENDOLA ROBERTA , BAJWA DILPREET S. , RYAN CECILY , LEE JUHYEONG
Published: November 2021

Stretch broken carbon fiber (SBCF) is generated by breaking individual filaments in carbon fiber tows at inherent flaws in tension in a continuous process. This process results in randomly broken, collimated fiber fragments. The shorter fiber length improves forming properties while retaining mechanical strength through shear load transfer. SBCF has the potential to take advantage of low-cost manufacturing processes like those used in sheet metal forming, resulting in ordersof- magnitude cost savings and enabling conversion to composite structures across the industry. Because uncured continuous carbon fiber composites do not exhibit significant plastic deformation, they cannot be readily adapted to many common sheet metal forming techniques. SBCF composites exhibit pseudo-plastic deformation, but this deformation is due to different mechanisms. To adapt the manufacturing processes for large and complex parts, new materials testing techniques are needed to quantify the forming behavior of SBCF at the meso-scale (tow and ply). This work’s primary objective is to develop predictive models for complex shape forming and large component characterization. Tests have been developed to characterize the behavior of SBCF tows under various forming conditions. Tow forming and laminate bulge testing allowed for experimental characterization of the SBCF response. Respectively, these tests focus on developing the load-displacement material response along with variation of the strain distribution. Using design of experiment (DOE) technique, the forming response to materials properties such as resin viscosity and mean fiber length have been related. For each test, a correlated Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model was developed, allowing for progression toward understanding a wider array of properties than experimentally.
INDUCTION HEATING OF CF/PEKK LAMINATES USING HOMOGENIZATION TECHNIQUES
Authors: SENEVIRATNE WARUNA , TOMBLIN JOHN , TEOH JEROME J. C. , SMITH NICHOLAS , SAATHOFF BRANDON L.
Published: November 2021

The primary heat generation mechanisms of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic laminates during induction heating are joule losses, junction heating with contact resistance and dielectric hysteresis. In relation, these mechanisms are highly affected by the laminate’s architecture and the anisotropic properties of each ply. A finite element model of the Joule heating process is studied to compare modeling the electrical and thermal properties of each individual ply with a laminate theory homogenization of the thermal and electrical properties. Three different homogenization techniques are compared, and limitations of the approaches are discussed. Experimental induction heating of CF/PEKK panels analogous to the finite element model is performed and quantitative (infrared camera) temperature measurements are compared to the finite element simulations
HIGH DAMPING VALUES OF SANDWICH STRUCTURES WITH POLYMER COMPOSITE FACE SHEETS AND FOAM CORES
Authors: AYDOGAN TUNCAY , KADIOGLU FERHAT , DALFESOGLU MEHMET EMIN
Published: November 2021

Structures with high damping and reasonable stiffness values are demanded by designers of aerospace and automotive sectors as these features of the structures are remedies to the vibratory conditions that lead to malfunction of many electronics and mechanical components of aerial and land vehicles. In this study, sandwich structure beams with face sheets of woven carbon fiber-reinforced polymer plies and a foam core have been manufactured to provide high damping performance. For this purpose, first, the beams from the carbon fiber plies with different fiber orientations were subjected to the vibrating beam test with free-free boundary conditions, and their damping and flexural modulus values were obtained. It was found that the plies with 450 angle gave the highest damping value with a reasonable modulus. The same test procedure was also applied to the bare foam beams to obtain their dynamic values. Eventually, the plies with the 450 angle were selected as face sheets for the sandwich beams that yielded reasonably high damping and equivalent flexural modulus values. The data obtained from each constituent material, the laminate face sheets and the core, were used as input data for modal simulations of the sandwich beams using a Finite Element Method.
PROGRESSIVE DAMAGE RESPONSE OF 3D WOVEN COMPOSITES VIA THE MULTISCALE RECURSIVE MICROMECHANICS SOLUTION WITH TAILORED FIDELITY
Authors: BEDNARCYK BRETT A. , PINEDA EVAN J. , RICKS TRENTON M. , MITAL SUBODH K.
Published: November 2021

Progressive failure simulations have been performed for orthogonal 3D woven composites consisting of RTM6 resin matrix and AS4 carbon fibers. The Multiscale Recursive Micromechanics approach has been used, which, while being computationally efficient, captures the primary effects of the microstructure at each considered length scale. This approach also enables use of any micromechanics theory at any length scale, and herein, the fidelity of the chosen theories across the scales has been tailored to strike a balance with computational efficiency. The Mori-Tanaka method is employed at the lowest length scale, the Generalized Method of Cells is used at intermediate scales, and the High-Fidelity Generalized Method of Cells is used at the highest woven composite repeating unit cell scale. Furthermore, two different damage models, also with different levels of fidelity and efficiency, have been used for the resin material at the lowest length scale. Results for the mechanical behavior in response to loading in various directions are compared for the two damage models and with available test data.
ARTIFICIAL GENERATION OF 2-D FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE MICROSTRUCTURES WITH STATISTICALLY EQUIVALENT FEATURES
Authors: HUSSEINI JAMAL F. , STAPLETON SCOTT E. , PINEDA EVAN J.
Published: November 2021

Fiber reinforced composites are used widely for their high strength and low weight advantages in various aerospace and automotive applications. While their use may be sought after, modeling of these material requires increasing fidelity at the lower scales to capture accurate material behavior under loading. The first steps in creating statistically equivalent models to real life cases is developing a method of rapid evaluation and artificial microstructure generation. The outlined work is capable of tracking microscale fiber positions and determining regions of localized volume fraction extrema (high and low end). Groupings of high and low volume fraction regions are called clusters and their geometry is used to characterize the microstructure. These cluster features can be evaluated for both artificial models and actual scans, allowing correlation to be established which can ultimately be used to regenerate statistically equivalent models. The results of this work show that if one feature is to be correlated, a model can be generated which matches almost exactly. But once more features are equally taken into account, the regeneration loses accuracy.
Psicología comparada y neurociencia: tradición e innovación
Authors: Casa Rivas Luis Gonzalo de la
Published: November 2021

Este libro se enmarca en la colección Investigación e intervención en Psicología e incluye ocho capítulos escritos por jóvenes investigadores que trabajan o han trabajado en el Laboratorio de Conducta Animal y Neurociencia de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Sevilla. En estos capítulos se conjuga la tradición de investigación que se ha venido desarrollando en los últimos treinta años en el laboratorio con esa visión innovadora que aporta el entusiasmo del que acaba de llegar a un terreno tan apasionante como es la investigación en Psicología Comparada y en Neurociencia.
Improving Column Generation for Vehicle Routing Problems via Random Coloring and Parallelization
Authors: Yu Miao , Nagarajan Viswanath , Shen Siqian
Published: November 2021

We consider a variant of the vehicle routing problem (VRP) where each customer has a unit demand and the goal is to minimize the total cost of routing a fleet of capacitated vehicles from one or multiple depots to visit all customers. We propose two parallel algorithms to efficiently solve the column-generation-based linear-programming relaxation for this VRP. Specifically, we focus on algorithms for the “pricing problem,” which corresponds to the resource-constrained elementary shortest path problem. The first algorithm extends the pulse algorithm for which we derive a new bounding scheme on the maximum load of any route. The second algorithm is based on random coloring from parameterized complexity which can be also combined with other techniques in the literature for improving VRPs, including cutting planes and column enumeration. We conduct numerical studies using VRP benchmarks (with 50–957 nodes) and instances of a medical home care delivery problem using census data in Wayne County, Michigan. Using parallel computing, both pulse and random coloring can significantly improve column generation for solving the linear programming relaxations and we can obtain heuristic integer solutions with small optimality gaps. Combining random coloring with column enumeration, we can obtain improved integer solutions having less than 2% optimality gaps for most VRP benchmark instances and less than 1% optimality gaps for the medical home care delivery instances, both under a 30-minute computational time limit. The use of cutting planes (e.g., robust cuts) can further reduce optimality gaps on some hard instances, without much increase in the run time.

Summary of Contribution: The vehicle routing problem (VRP) is a fundamental combinatorial problem, and its variants have been studied extensively in the literature of operations research and computer science. In this paper, we consider general-purpose algorithms for solving VRPs, including the column-generation approach for the linear programming relaxations of the integer programs of VRPs and the column-enumeration approach for seeking improved integer solutions. We revise the pulse algorithm and also propose a random-coloring algorithm that can be used for solving the elementary shortest path problem that formulates the pricing problem in the column-generation approach. We show that the parallel implementation of both algorithms can significantly improve the performance of column generation and the random coloring algorithm can improve the solution time and quality of the VRP integer solutions produced by the column-enumeration approach. We focus on algorithmic design for VRPs and conduct extensive computational tests to demonstrate the performance of various approaches.
A Neo-Carnegie Approach to the Agency Question: Bridging the Evolutionary and Cognitive Views of Strategy
Authors: Gavetti Giovanni , Lecuona Torras Jose Ramon
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the role of agency in discovering strategic opportunities by comparing two perspectives: the evolutionary and the cognitive view of strategy. The conceptions put forth by evolutionary scholars and cognitivists reflect different sensibilities, make different assumptions, and end up delineating different roles for the strategist. We recognize the fact that each view focuses on relevant facets of a multifaceted phenomenon and propose a “Neo-Carnegie” path to integrate these views.
A Local Search Algorithm for Train Unit Shunting with Service Scheduling
Authors: van den Broek Roel , Hoogeveen Han , van den Akker Marjan , Huisman Bob
Published: November 2021

In this paper we consider the train unit shunting problem extended with service task scheduling. This problem originates from Dutch Railways, which is the main railway operator in the Netherlands. Its urgency stems from the upcoming expansion of the rolling stock fleet needed to handle the ever-increasing number of passengers. The problem consists of matching train units arriving on a shunting yard to departing trains, scheduling service tasks such as cleaning and maintenance on the available resources, and parking the trains on the available tracks such that the shunting yard can operate conflict-free. These different aspects lead to a computationally extremely difficult problem, which combines several well-known NP-hard problems. In this paper, we present the first solution method covering all aspects of the shunting and scheduling problem. We describe a partial order schedule representation that captures the full problem, and we present a local search algorithm that utilizes the partial ordering. The proposed solution method is compared with an existing mixed integer linear program in a computational study on realistic instances provided by Dutch Railways. We show that our local search algorithm is the first method to solve real-world problem instances of the complete shunting and scheduling problem. It even outperforms current algorithms when the train unit shunting problem is considered in isolation, that is, without service tasks. Although our method was developed for the case of the Dutch Railways, it is applicable to any shunting yard or service location, irrespective of its layout, that uses self-propelling train units and that does not have to handle passing trains.
Competência dos municípios para legislar sobre as áreas de preservação permanente hídricas urbanas
Authors: Trentini Flavia , Novais Buriti Victor
Published: November 2021

O objetivo principal do presente artigo é verificar se os municípios possuem competência legislativa para regular de forma autônoma como se dará o tratamento das Áreas de Preservação Permanente situadas em zonas urbanas, em especial as relacionadas aos corpos d’água. Para isso foi realizada a revisão da bibliografia sobre o tema, foram também buscados os principais julgados do Supremo Tribunal Federal que tratam da competência legislativa municipal em matéria ambiental e que tinham relação com o tema ora apresentado. Verificou-se que os municípios dentro da sua competência legislativa não podem estabelecer regras menos restritivas dos que as que existem no Código Florestal a respeito das Áreas de Preservação Permanente urbanas, em razão deste expressamente ter regulamentado a matéria. Mesmo no caso de criar regras ainda mais restritivas, aumentando a proteção ao meio ambiente, por se tratar de uma intervenção na propriedade elas só podem ser feitas de maneira justificada, de forma excepcional, se houver uma situação específica dentro do município que justifique uma proteção mais abrangente. Apesar de se entender que esta competência é mitigada ainda se destaca o protagonismo dos municípios na gestão destas áreas.
Invasão ou ocupação? a estratégia argumentativa do Poder Judiciário nas decisões envolvendo o ingresso em imóveis abandonados
Authors: Moura Renata Helena Paganoto , Coura Alexandre De Castro
Published: November 2021

Nas ações judiciais sobre o ingresso em imóveis abandonados verificou-se conclusões diferentes: ora a propriedade abandonada ‘autoriza’ o ingresso para moradia, ora ‘não autoriza’. Ora são invasores, ora são ocupantes. O presente artigo busca compreender como, num sistema de regras explícitas, há tantas decisões contraditórias, sobre o mesmo fato. A dialética se apresenta como método, através de uma abordagem jurisprudencial e teórica, tendo como ponto de partida a distinção entre o senso comum teórico dos juristas e o saber crítico proposta por Warat e sua crítica à epistemologia dos conceitos e a análise realizada por Katharina Sobota do silogismo enquanto estilo de apresentação da decisão judicial.  Como resultado concluiu-se que o senso comum teórico dos juristas esconde esse jogo estratégico do discurso; a decisão é construída para dar uma sensação de completude e coerência lógica, deixando de revelar que o que move a interpretação dessas ações ora é a defesa intransigente de uma propriedade liberal, em que esse proprietário é o senhor absoluto dos poderes que lhe são atribuídos por lei; ora é a defesa da função social, mas, apesar de muitos avanços, o terreno político atual corrobora para manutenção da primeira.
Programa habitacional Casa Verde e Amarela: uma análise sobre a importância do debate nas esferas públicas para a construção do espaço púbico
Authors: De Marco Cristhian Magnus , Battirola Ane Michelina Dalbosco
Published: November 2021

Por intermédio de um estudo sobre a importância do debate nas esferas públicas para a construção do espaço público, o presente artigo tem como objetivos determinar em que nível o cerceamento da interação entre os sujeitos e desses com o Estado pode interferir na realidade local e também apontar as consequências da atuação insuficiente das esferas públicas enquanto intermediadoras entre a sociedade civil e o Estado. A justificativa dessa análise tem como pano de fundo a constatação da dispensa da oitiva do Conselho das Cidades (ConCidades), instituição parte das esferas públicas, no processo de formulação do Programa Casa Verde Amarela (PCVA). Na presente revisão bibliográfica é analisada a distinção entre o público e o privado, o conceito de espaço público e a existência das esferas públicas e suas funções, abordadas principalmente a partir de uma categoria essencial do pensamento de Hannah Arendt e Jürgen Habermas e traz como resultado a constatação de que se a política, como na visão de Habermas, deve oscilar entre as esferas pública e privada - e segundo Arendt uma não existe sem a outra – a falta de debate prévio sobre o PCVA afastaram os cidadãos de uma democracia participativa e deliberativa.
O uso de dados pessoais e a atuação de poderes privados como sintoma da atuação de um Estado em crise: reflexões sobre os riscos aos processos democráticos nacionais
Authors: Linhares Rafaela Rovani de , Gervasoni Tássia A.
Published: November 2021

O ensaio aborda discussões acerca dos riscos do uso de dados pessoais aos processos democráticos, no contexto da crescente atuação de poderes privados e da crise do Estado. O intuito da pesquisa é responder ao problema: considerando um cenário de globalização e de crise do Estado, quais são os impactos decorrentes da utilização de dados pessoais sobre os processos democráticos e qual seria a relevância de um direito fundamental à proteção de dados pessoais no ordenamento constitucional brasileiro? A hipótese de pesquisa sugere que o avanço da atuação de poderes privados nos processos decisórios e de regulamentação torna a autoridade do Estado fragilizada e incapaz de dar respostas adequadas às demandas do atual mundo globalizado. Nesse caso, nota-se especial dificuldade dos Estados em regular as matérias atinentes a dados pessoais, pelo fato de a regulação de questões tecnológicas ter caráter eminentemente privado e, além disso, tratar de matérias para além das fronteiras de um único Estado. A dificuldade de regulação implica na própria ausência de controle de empresas que atuam manipulando, vendendo e comprando dados pessoais de milhões de usuários no mundo todo. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se por meio do método dedutivo e da técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica.
RETÓRICA E FAKE NEWS: UMA ANÁLISE DA MENTIRA COMO MEIO DE PERSUASÃO
Authors: Rocha de Jesus João Eudes
Published: November 2021

Neste artigo, propomos compreender como o processo retórico de construção da mentira acontece a partir das fakes news. Para tal, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre alguns pontos da Retórica de Aristóteles e Perelman, e de outras áreas do conhecimento que trataram da questão da mentira e das fakes news. A utilização da mentira como meio de persuasão é uma forma de manipulação e tem o seu poder reforçado, a partir do uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação. O contexto de desordem informacional em que nos encontramos, favorece a divulgação de fake news. Compreender como ocorre o processo retórico da construção de mentiras (fake news) oferece-nos pistas sobre a forma como podemos enfrentar e lidar com o problema.
A razão sublime na política e a soberania envergonhada da Constituição de 1988
Authors: Do Nascimento Milton Meira
Published: November 2021

O objetivo deste ensaio é apresentar uma análise da realidade política brasileira, tomando como referência a Constituição de 1988, à luz dos princípios do direito político de Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Iniciamos pelo conceito de razão sublime e avançamos para outros conceitos-chave de sua teoria política tais como pacto social, vontade geral, legislador, soberania, estado e governo. Os princípios do direito serão tomados como uma grande escala, um instrumento de medida que nos permitirá fazer a leitura da política brasileira, passando-se do dever ser para a realidade política tal como ela é. Para se chegar à conclusão de que a atividade política não pode ser definida como o embate feroz entre os grupos antagônicos, como se fosse uma guerra mortal, mas sim como um conjunto de atividades que têm como propósito maior a construção do bem comum, num terreno em que os interesses particulares se expressam entre adversários e não entre inimigos.
Novas tendências antipolíticas: produzir, controlar, eliminar
Authors: Alves Marco Antônio Sousa
Published: November 2021

Partindo da análise realizada por Michel Foucault sobre a biopolítica, especialmente nos cursos Em defesa da sociedade (1976) e O nascimento da biopolítica (1979), este artigo pretende realizar um diagnóstico da tecnopolítica, termo que empregamos para nos referir ao modo como o poder funciona contemporaneamente, procurando destacar a importância das novas tecnologias da informação e da comunicação. Defendemos que esse novo regime de poder tem uma dimensão positiva e outra negativa, que estão articuladas entre si. Argumentamos ainda, baseados em Hannah Arendt, que esses dois movimentos possuem uma natureza antipolítica, uma vez que comprometem a capacidade humana de entendimento e de ação em conjunto. Podemos resumir a tese central deste artigo na ideia de que a política morre ou é enfraquecida nos dois fronts da tecnopolítica contemporânea, positivo ou negativo: seja porque os espaços de deliberação são afetados pelo novo ideal tecnocrático e pela gestão da vida, seja porque um novo sonho autoritário reascende o ódio em relação ao “outro” e o desejo de separação e eliminação dos indesejáveis.
Pensamento juspolítico liberal: desdobramentos da filosofia de Hayek e Nozick e o direito à moradia
Authors: Andrade Eric Santos , Mota Maurício Jorge Pereira da
Published: November 2021

Cuida-se de trabalho analítico-crítico que pretende questionar os pressupostos da visão liberal, em especial a de Friedrich Hayek e a de Robert Nozick, em relação aos direitos sociais como fontes de proteção da liberdade individual. Desenvolve-se a compreensão de Norberto Bobbio que filia a ideia de Direito Humanos à abstrativização e universalização de valores fundamentais que, por sua vez, são nada mais que a ressignificação da classificação dos direitos em gerações. Pretende-se discutir em que medida competirá ao Estado perseguir os direitos sociais como direito, política ou prestação de serviços, e se de fato se está falando de uma competência que deslegitima o aparelho estatal. Para tanto, se construíra uma análise crítica dos fundamentos liberais em cima do direito de moradia e sua perspectiva no Brasil, em especial sob a leitura da Lei de Regularização Fundiária (Lei nº 13.465 de 2017).
The Impact of Mobile Devices on Sleep Quality among Subjects of Primary Health Care Settings in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Muhaydib Ibrahim Muhaydib , Al-Tulihi Bader AbdulAziz , Alnafisah Osamah Saleh , Almuhaidib Abdulrahman Muhaidib , Al-Sayegh Ammar Abdulkareem , Al-Muhaidib Omar Muhaidib
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Smartphone use has been related to health problems. Studies have indicated that the use of smartphones is associated with Sleep disturbances. However, little is known about the association between Smartphone addiction and sleep quality in Saudi Arabia.Objective: To determine the relationship between sleep quality and the use of a smartphone, specifically before sleep.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at four primary healthcare centers with a total of 205 patients participated in the study using a convenience sampling technique. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Smartphone Addiction Scale – Short Version (SAS-SV) were used to measure association of Sleep Quality and Smartphone addiction.Results: Two-hundred-fiveparticipants enrolled in the study, of which 99 were female (51%) with a response rate of 84%. Mean age was 36 ±13 years for all participants. Mean PSQI scores were higher among females, single, frequent smartphone users, and unemployed sub- categories; thus, they indicated poorer sleep quality. There was also a significant negative association between age and PSQI scores t(193)= -2.45, p=0.015. Finally, there was a significant positive association between mean SAS-SV score and categorical global PSQI scores t(193)= 3.4, p=0.001.Conclusion: Our study showsahigh prevalence of smartphone addiction and poor sleep quality. Younger age, being single, heavy usage hours of smartphones, and high SAS-SV are significant factors associated with poorer sleep quality.
Continuous Intake of High Doses of Piper guineense (Ashanti pepper) Aqueous Seed Extract Impairs Renal Function in Wistar Rats
Authors: Madueke Somke Pamela , Ugwu Princewill Ikechukwu , Uru Chinaza Amarachgui , Okeke Adaobi Pearl , Omire-Oluedo Okechukwu Matthew , Ugwu Sandra Ugonne , Nwannadi Vivian Ifeyinwa
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Piper guineense seed is a well known spice consumed in many parts of West Africa as a result of its nutritional and medicinal properties. METHODS: Twenty Wistar rats were divided into four groups of five per group. The phytochemical analyses was done; different concentration of aqueous seed extract of Piper guineense was administered for 21 days to three experimental groups, Group 2 (25 mg/kg), Group 3 (50 mg/kg), Group 4 (100 mg/kg), while group 1 were given only rat feed and water. RESULTS: The investigation revealed that in low and medium dose groups, creatinine (62.3±7.3 to 51.1±4.5 and 51.1±8.1 respectively) and urea (6.6±1.3 to 5.2±0.8 and 4.8±1.0) levels decreased significantly while in high dose group, creatinine (62.3±7.3 to 66.9±11.0) and urea (6.6±1.3 to 7.0±0.8) increased significantly. There was a dose dependent increase in the serum electrolyte (sodium, potassium, chlorine and bicarbonate). Only bicarbonate (19.1±0.8 to 24.3±1.3) and chloride (102.4±3.8 to 107.0±1.6) had significant increase in their values. The histological study showed that at a low (25mg/kg) and medium dose (50mg/kg) of aqueous seed extract of Piper guineense the normal cyto-architecture of the kidney was maintained while in high dose group (100mg/kg) normal cyto-architecture of the kidney was distorted. CONCLUSION: The result obtained suggests that Piper guineense seed may not be harmful at a moderate dose; but high doses could be toxic. Caution should be taken on the quantity of Piper guineense seed consumed.
Construction of 3D Model of Protein Drug Targets for Renibacterium Salmoninarum - A Bacterial Pathogen Causing Bacterial Kidney Disease in Young Salmonid Fish
Authors: Kumar Om , Keerthana G , B Arun Ashitha , Joliholi Ananya , Ravi Lokesh
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study is to construct 3D models of potential drug targets for the Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD) causing pathogen Renibacterium salmoninarum. The bacterial pathogen Renibacterium salmoninarum was selected for homology modeling studies since there were no known protein structures of the organism reported in the NCBI database. The reported protein sequences were run through DrugBank to pick out drug-targets. Online databases and web tools such as PMDB, UniProt, Drug Bank, and SwissModel were employed in this analysis. An aggregate of 412 protein sequences were identified as potential drug targets and were retrieved from the UniProt. Homology models of the protein sequences were constructed using the SwissModel database for all 412 proteins. These were then refined through a protein blast and Ramachandran plot analysis. Out of the 412 constructed models, 143 models were of reliable quality. These were then submitted to the PMDB database for further reference. To demonstrate the application of these constructed models, protein-ligand docking analysis using Auto Dock Vina was performed. Among the antibiotics that were tested against their known drug targets, trimethoprim demonstrated significant potential for the inhibition of R. salmoninarum’s dihydrofolate reductase protein, with a binding energy of -9.06 Kcal/mol and with the formation of 3 hydrogen bonds. Therefore through protein-ligand docking studies and the construction of 3D models of protein drug targets, Trimethoprim is proposed as a solution to the Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD) problem in salmonid fishes. Further in-vitro evidences are in demand to prove this hypothesis.
Theoretical investigations of optical properties of FeF2
Authors: Ayuel K. , Zakaria Ahmed , Longa E.
Published: November 2021

Density functional theory has been employed to determine ground state properties and calculate the complex dielectric function of the

FeF
2

compound. The complex expression of magnetic permeability has been estimated using the formula of the magnetic permeability tensor. To interpret the optical transitions, densities of states and projected densities of states have been determined. Suitable expressions for treating contributions of electric permittivity and magnetic permeability to optical properties have been derived and applied. The absorption coefficient in the visible range is a result of the transitions from the top of the valence band to

4
s

bands of

Fe

2
+

cations in the conduction band. In the far-infrared region,

FeF
2

is a perfect reflector. The estimated optical properties show good agreement with previous theoretical and experimental results in the literature.
Phase retrieval with physics informed zero-shot network
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev
Published: November 2021

Phase can be reliably estimated from a single diffracted intensity image if faithful prior information about the object is available. Examples include amplitude bounds, object support, sparsity in the spatial or transform domain, deep image prior, and the prior learned from labeled datasets by a deep neural network. Deep learning facilitates state-of-the-art reconstruction quality but requires a large labeled dataset (ground truth measurement pair acquired in the same experimental conditions) for training. To alleviate this data requirement problem, this Letter proposes a zero-shot learning method. The Letter demonstrates that the object prior learned by a deep neural network while being trained for a denoising task can also be utilized for phase retrieval if the diffraction physics is effectively enforced on the network output. The Letter additionally demonstrates that the incorporation of total variation in the proposed zero-shot framework facilitates reconstruction of similar quality in less time (e.g.,

∼

9

fold, for a test reported in this Letter).
Lineage-tracing and translatomic analysis of damage-inducible mitotic cochlear progenitors identifies candidate genes regulating regeneration
Authors: Udagawa Tomokatsu , Atkinson Patrick J. , Milon Beatrice , Abitbol Julia M. , Song Yang , Sperber Michal , Huarcaya Najarro Elvis , Scheibinger Mirko , Elkon Ran , Hertzano Ronna , Cheng Alan G.
Published: November 2021

Cochlear supporting cells (SCs) are glia-like cells critical for hearing function. In the neonatal cochlea, the greater epithelial ridge (GER) is a mitotically quiescent and transient organ, which has been shown to nonmitotically regenerate SCs. Here, we ablated Lgr5+ SCs using Lgr5-DTR mice and found mitotic regeneration of SCs by GER cells in vivo. With lineage tracing, we show that the GER houses progenitor cells that robustly divide and migrate into the organ of Corti to replenish ablated SCs. Regenerated SCs display coordinated calcium transients, markers of the SC subtype inner phalangeal cells, and survive in the mature cochlea. Via RiboTag, RNA-sequencing, and gene clustering algorithms, we reveal 11 distinct gene clusters comprising markers of the quiescent and damaged GER, and damage-responsive genes driving cell migration and mitotic regeneration. Together, our study characterizes GER cells as mitotic progenitors with regenerative potential and unveils their quiescent and damaged translatomes.
p38γ and p38δ regulate postnatal cardiac metabolism through glycogen synthase 1
Authors: Santamans Ayelén M. , Montalvo-Romeral Valle , Mora Alfonso , Lopez Juan Antonio , González-Romero Francisco , Jimenez-Blasco Daniel , Rodríguez Elena , Pintor-Chocano Aránzazu , Casanueva-Benítez Cristina , Acín-Pérez Rebeca , Leiva-Vega Luis , Duran Jordi , Guinovart Joan J. , Jiménez-Borreguero Jesús , Enríquez José Antonio , Villlalba-Orero María , Bolaños Juan P. , Aspichueta Patricia , Vázquez Jesús , González-Terán Bárbara , Sabio Guadalupe
Published: November 2021

During the first weeks of postnatal heart development, cardiomyocytes undergo a major adaptive metabolic shift from glycolytic energy production to fatty acid oxidation. This metabolic change is contemporaneous to the up-regulation and activation of the p38γ and p38δ stress-activated protein kinases in the heart. We demonstrate that p38γ/δ contribute to the early postnatal cardiac metabolic switch through inhibitory phosphorylation of glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1) and glycogen metabolism inactivation. Premature induction of p38γ/δ activation in cardiomyocytes of newborn mice results in an early GYS1 phosphorylation and inhibition of cardiac glycogen production, triggering an early metabolic shift that induces a deficit in cardiomyocyte fuel supply, leading to whole-body metabolic deregulation and maladaptive cardiac pathogenesis. Notably, the adverse effects of forced premature cardiac p38γ/δ activation in neonate mice are prevented by maternal diet supplementation of fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation. These results suggest that diet interventions have a potential for treating human cardiac genetic diseases that affect heart metabolism.
Changes in the microbiological diagnosis and epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in real-time PCR era: A six-year experience in a referral center in Barcelona
Authors: Silgado Aroa , Armas Mayuli , Sánchez-Montalvá Adrián , Goterris Lidia , Ubals Maria , Temprana-Salvador Jordi , Aparicio Gloria , Chicharro Carmen , Serre-Delcor Núria , Ferrer Berta , Molina Israel , García-Patos Vicenç , Pumarola Tomas , Sulleiro Elena
Published: November 2021

Background

Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease caused by different species of the protozoa Leishmania spp. Cutaneous lesions are the most common clinical manifestation. This disease is prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas, including the Mediterranean basin. In Spain, Leishmania (L.) infantum is the only endemic species, but imported cases are often diagnosed. Different classical parasitological methods can be performed for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) diagnosis; but currently molecular techniques serve as a relevant tool for the detection and characterization of Leishmania parasites. We aimed to evaluate clinical and epidemiological characteristics of CL diagnosed patients by real-time PCR in a tertiary hospital over a six-year period.

Methodology/Principal findings

Clinical, epidemiological and microbiological data were retrospectively collected and analyzed. In our study, CL was confirmed in 59 (31.4%) out of 188 patients by real-time PCR, showing an increase over recent years: 11 cases of CL between 2014 and 2016 and 48 between 2017 and 2019. Real-time PCR was performed on skin swabs and/or biopsies samples, with a positivity of 38.5% and 26.5%, respectively. Results were 100% concordant when biopsy and skin swab were performed simultaneously. L. (L.) infantum was the most frequent species detected (50%), followed by L. (L.) major (45%) and Viannia subgenus (5%), which were detected only in imported cases. L. (L.) major was almost entirely detected in travelers/migrants from Morocco. Multiple and atypical skin lesions were more common in imported cases than in autochthonous cases (44.4% vs. 21.8%).

Conclusions/Significance

An increase in both autochthonous and imported CL cases has been observed in past years in our hospital. Molecular techniques assist in improving CL diagnosis and characterization of the Leishmania species, mainly in imported cases.