bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interest Rate Risk of Bonds in the Condition of a Changing Key Rate
Authors: Popova N. V.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the behavior of the interest rate risk of bonds in the conditions of a changing key interest rate. As known, the key rate is an instrument of monetary regulation of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. During periods of instability, the key rate may change, which leads to changes in yields in the bond market. The latter, in turn, means that bonds on the Russian market are exposed to interest rate risk. When investing in federal loan bonds (OFZ), interest rate risk becomes the main type of risk, since there is no credit risk in such bonds. The aim of the paper is to obtain proof of the dependence of the interest rate risk of bonds on the term to maturity. The author applies methods of differential calculus to obtain the proof. The novelty of the research is that there is no similar proof in the literature. The instability of interest rates in the market persists at the present time, which allows us to speak about the relevance of this work. Results: it is established that with fixed values of the coupon rate, initial yield and the amount of interest rate change, the interest risk of bonds increases with an increase in the term to maturity. For longterm bonds sold at a discount, there is a term of a maximum interest rate risk. The formula for the approximate value of the term of maximum is obtained. Proven statements are confirmed by calculations, are consistent with previously performed studies, and are in line with market observations. The author comes to the conclusion that the proof obtained in the article of the dependence of the interest rate risk of bonds on the term to maturity can be used to analyze the behavior of the interest rate risk of bonds in the conditions of a changing key interest rate. The practical significance: the results of the research can be useful to the issuer and investor, as well as in theory when studying the investment properties of bonds.
An Algorithm for Restoring a Function from Different Functionals for Predicting Rare Events in the Economy
Authors: Korablev Yu. A.
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to restore some parameters of functionals using cubic splines to forecast rare events in finance and economics. The article considers the mathematical method for recovering an unknown function from many different functionals, such as the value of a function, the value of its first derivative, second derivative, as well as a definite integral over a certain interval. Moreover, all observations can occur with an error. Therefore, the author uses a method of recovering a function from different functionals observed with an error. The function is restored in the form of a cubic spline, which has a value-second derivative representation. The optimization problem consists in minimizing several sums of squares of the deviation at once, for ordinary values, for the first derivatives, for the second derivatives, for integrals, and for roughness penalty. For greater flexibility, weights have been introduced both for each group of observations and for each individual observation separately. The article shows in detail how the elements of each corresponding matrix are filled in. The appendix provides an implementation of the method as a FunctionalSmoothingSpline function in R language. Examples of using the method for the analysis and forecasting of rare (discrete) events in the economy are given. Formulas for calculating the cross-validation score CV (α) for the automatic procedure for determining the smoothing parameter α from the data in our problem of recovering a function by many functionals are shown. The paper concludes that the presented method makes it possible to analyze and predict rare events, which will allow you to prepare for such future events, get some benefit from this, or reduce possible risks or losses.
Price Discovery of Agri Commodities: An Integrated Approach
Authors: Mishra A. , Kumar R. P.
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this paper is to examine how the introduction of the pan-India electronic trading portal (eNAM) impacted the information transmission and price discovery in informationally linked markets of India for agricultural commodities. We have applied the information share and component share methods using daily data of five agricultural commodities from 2005 to 2019. This paper offers two findings, first; evidence shows that commodity stock prices have more price discovery as compared to the market prices. Whereas market prices also generate a significant price discovery, but its volume is less. Second, market prices adjust more quickly than commodity stock prices to correct the disproportion between both markets. This scenario is more evident post eNAM era. Conclusions from this study can be used to understand the information flow and would be helpful to academicians, practitioners, policymakers, or business players of commodity markets.
Implication of Goods and Services Tax (GST) Implementation in India on Foreign Trade
Authors: Singhal N. , Goyal S. , Kumari S. , Nagar S. , Tyagi A.
Published: July 2022

The aim of this research is to assess the impact of GST on India’s foreign trade. The GST Bill is implemented to simplify India’s complex tax system, allow commodities to move effortlessly across state borders, reduce tax evasion, enhance compliance, raise revenues, encourage growth, boost exports, and attract investors by making it easier to conduct business in India. The author uses the following methods of scientific research: Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) for unit root tests, the Johansen-Juselius (JJ) for co-integration analysis and the Vector Error Correction (VECM) Model for short run and long run impact of GST on imports and exports from July 2017 to June 2021. The findings concluded that GST increases the exports of goods and services in both the long and short run. The VECM model’s test statistics reveal that imports rose after the imposition of GST. Because of the emergence of a uniform national market and tax system, GST has simplified commercial operations in India. Future studies on the effects of the GST introduction can examine the impact of GST on foreign trade by state or commodities.
Russian Bancassurance Perspectives: From Path Dependence to Ecosystem
Authors: Evlakhova Yu. S.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study is to identify the future of Russian bancassurance in the “digital” world based on the formation of a reasonable opinion on its prospects within the framework of path dependence and the ecosystem approach. The relevance of the article is determined by the significance of bancassurance for the development of the insurance sector and the Russian financial market as a whole. The author uses methods such as analysis and synthesis, analogy, induction, descriptive analysis, matrix construction, clustering using graphs, and index method. The study is based on the works of domestic and foreign authors, data from the Bank of Russia on the state of the banking sector of the Russian Federation and key indicators of the insurers; reports of the rating agency “RA Expert” on bancassurance; data of Professional Analysis Systems of Markets and Companies Interfax. Based on the results of quantitative analysis, the author concludes that the key factor determining the development of Russian bancassurance within the framework of path dependence is the role of banks as recipients of cash flows. The author shows that the digital transformation of bancassurance is mainly associated with the digitalization of intermediary relations between the bank, individual client and insurance company. To quantify the level of such transformation, the author proposes indices of digitalization of bancassurance. The author shows that bancassurance can be successfully built into ecosystems due to its peculiarities. However, the conditions for the development of ecosystems in the Russian market can lead to the dissolution of bancassurance in ecosystems and the loss of its significance for the development of the Russian financial market. The presented conclusions are to be discussed taking into account the study of new issues in this problem area, including a study of the mergers and acquisitions market to analyse changes in the ownership structure of banks and insurance companies; a study of corporate bancassurance; broader analysis of quantitative values of bancassurance due to new data; analysis of ecosystem development in the Russian financial market in order to move from predictive judgments to a discussion of real situations.
Working Capital Management and Profitability Relationship: The Role of Macroeconomic Indicators
Authors: Yilmaz I. , Acar G.
Published: July 2022

The aim of this article is to search for the relationship between working capital management (WCM) and profitability under different macroeconomic conditions. The dataset includes 179 companies from Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries for a six-year period. Results reveal a nonlinear relationship between CCC and profitability in a way that, shorter CCC periods have opposite direction with profitability yet as the period increases this relation turns to be positive. The partial effect of CCC has a more significant influence than those of its components. However, overall significances of the components are higher. Gross profit and operating profit margins have high responsiveness against WCM changes. Among macroeconomic indicators, inflation and unemployment are distinctive in models yet GDP per capita has a moderate influence on profitability. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the WCM-profitability relationship with a focus on macroeconomic variables in the GCC region.
РУССКИЙ ЖЕСТОВЫЙ ЯЗЫК: ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ЛЕКСИКИ
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Moscow, 119034 Russia, Komarova A.A.
Published: July 2022

The article gives a brief description of the world’s sign languages, i.e., of their features, genealogy, and status. It also considers possible approaches to studying the vocabulary of Russian sign language (RSL). Particular attention is paid to signs, which are currently of great interest to researchers, native speakers, and students learning RSL as a second language. Furthermore, they cause serious difficulties in translating them into other languages. In many cases, sign lexemes of RSL can be translated using Russian phraseological units. In different periods, various terms have been introduced to denote such sign lexemes: from idioms to non-equivalent vocabulary, multichannel signs, and language-specific vocabulary. The article analyzes the studies on this issue, starting with the works of G.L. Zaitseva from the 1990s to the present, as well as the classification of the vocabulary of sign languages by Russian and foreign specialists, including those used in cognitive linguistics. T. Johnson and L. Ferrara described the nature of some lexical signs as idiomatic and considered the concept of lexico-grammatical continuum and idiomaticity as the two properties of all sign languages. Here the features of RSL vocabulary are analyzed, examples of non-equivalent vocabulary are given, and it is proposed to consider RSL idioms as indivisible and integral combinations of two or more signs that perform the function of a single lexeme.
Alternative Communication Technologies for Correcting Speech Impairment in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia, Komarova S.N. , Nigmatullina I.A. ,   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia
Published: July 2022

In recent years, both in Russia and other countries, the number of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has increased. The most relevant but still little-studied is the problem of finding and using alternative technologies that could be efficient in educating and raising such children, including their speech habilitation. This article reviews the advances made by Russian and foreign researchers in using alternative communication technologies, as well as provides numerous examples of various modern alternative communication methods and how their systematic dosed use through verbal and non-verbal communication helps to correct many speech and communication-related problems faced by children diagnosed with ASD. The correlation and development of verbal and non-verbal means of communication are considered with an account of the historical context of their interaction. The possibility and appropriateness of using non-verbal communication for educating children having ASD are discussed. A classification of methods and means of alternative communication is introduced. Three systems of alternative communication (gestural, graphic (symbolic), and assistive (hardware and/or software)) are qualitatively described. Their potential for developing speech and communication skills in children with ASD is analyzed. Recommendations for choosing an appropriate means of communication based on the children’s initial fine motor skills, primary communication skills (if any), level of visual perception, motivational factors, and interests are presented.
Epidemiological and microbiological investigation of a large increase in vibriosis, northern Europe, 2018
Authors: Amato Ettore , Riess Maximilian , Thomas-Lopez Daniel , Linkevicius Marius , Pitkänen Tarja , Wołkowicz Tomasz , Rjabinina Jelena , Jernberg Cecilia , Hjertqvist Marika , MacDonald Emily , Antony-Samy Jeevan Karloss , Dalsgaard Bjerre Karsten , Salmenlinna Saara , Fuursted Kurt , Hansen Anette , Naseer Umaer
Published: July 2022

Background

Vibriosis cases in Northern European countries and countries bordering the Baltic Sea increased during heatwaves in 2014 and 2018.

Aim

We describe the epidemiology of vibriosis and the genetic diversity of Vibrio spp. isolates from Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Poland and Estonia in 2018, a year with an exceptionally warm summer.

Methods

In a retrospective study, we analysed demographics, geographical distribution, seasonality, causative species and severity of non-travel-related vibriosis cases in 2018. Data sources included surveillance systems, national laboratory notification databases and/or nationwide surveys to public health microbiology laboratories. Moreover, we performed whole genome sequencing and multilocus sequence typing of available isolates from 2014 to 2018 to map their genetic diversity.

Results

In 2018, we identified 445 non-travel-related vibriosis cases in the study countries, considerably more than the median of 126 cases between 2014 and 2017 (range: 87–272). The main reported mode of transmission was exposure to seawater. We observed a species-specific geographical disparity of vibriosis cases across the Nordic-Baltic region. Severe vibriosis was associated with infections caused by Vibrio vulnificus (adjOR: 17.2; 95% CI: 3.3–90.5) or Vibrio parahaemolyticus (adjOR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.0–4.5), age ≥ 65 years (65–79 years: adjOR: 3.9; 95% CI: 1.7–8.7; ≥ 80 years: adjOR: 15.5; 95% CI: 4.4–54.3) or acquiring infections during summer (adjOR: 5.1; 95% CI: 2.4–10.9). Although phylogenetic analysis revealed diversity between Vibrio spp. isolates, two V. vulnificus clusters were identified.

Conclusion

Shared sentinel surveillance for vibriosis during summer may be valuable to monitor this emerging public health issue.
Frequent detection of monkeypox virus DNA in saliva, semen, and other clinical samples from 12 patients, Barcelona, Spain, May to June 2022
Authors: Peiró-Mestres Aida , Fuertes Irene , Camprubí-Ferrer Daniel , Marcos María Ángeles , Vilella Anna , Navarro Mireia , Rodriguez-Elena Laura , Riera Josep , Català Alba , Martínez Miguel J , Blanco Jose L ,   on behalf of the Hospital Clinic de Barcelona Monkeypox Study Group
Published: July 2022

A monkeypox (MPX) outbreak has expanded worldwide since May 2022. We tested 147 clinical samples collected at different time points from 12 patients by real-time PCR. MPX DNA was detected in saliva from all cases, sometimes with high viral loads. Other samples were frequently positive: rectal swab (11/12 cases), nasopharyngeal swab (10/12 cases), semen (7/9 cases), urine (9/12 cases) and faeces (8/12 cases). These results improve knowledge on virus shedding and the possible role of bodily fluids in disease transmission.
(inf, sup)-Hesitant Fuzzy Ideals of BCK/BCI-Algebras
Authors: Ratchakhwan Noppakao , Julatha Pongpun , Gaketem Thiti , Khamrot Pannawit , Prasertpong Rukchart , Iampan Aiyared
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we introduce the concept of (inf, sup)-hesitant fuzzy ideals, which is a generalization of the concept of interval-valued fuzzy ideals, in BCK/BCI-algebras and its related properties are investigated. The concept is established in terms of sets, fuzzy sets, negative fuzzy sets, interval-valued fuzzy sets, Pythagorean fuzzy sets, bipolar fuzzy sets and hesitant fuzzy sets. Moreover, characterizations of ideals, fuzzy ideals, anti-fuzzy ideals, negative fuzzy ideals, Pythagorean fuzzy ideals and bipolar fuzzy ideals of BCK/BCI-algebras are discussed in terms of (inf, sup)-hesitant fuzzy ideals and interval-valued fuzzy ideals.
THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLEMENTING ELLAGIC ACID TO BROILER DIETS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND WHITE BLOOD CELL DIFFERENTIAL COUNTS
Authors:   1Researcher, Department of Animal Production, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences University of Baghdad, Iraq. ibrahim.mohammed201a@coagri.uobaghdad.edu.iq, M. Gatia'a1 Ibrahim , A. Salman2 Khwala ,   2Assistant Professor PhD., Department of Animal Production, College of Agricultural Engineering Science, University of Baghdad, Iraq. khwala.aziz@coagri.uobaghdad.edu.iq
Published: July 2022

This study has been carried out in the animal field of the college of agricultural engineering sciences, university of Baghdad, for the period from 12/15/2021 to 1/26 /2022 for 42 d, to investigate the effect of adding different levels of ellagic acid to the diet of broilers, on some physiological characteristics & oxidation indicators in meat compared to vitamin C in meat, 225 Ross 308 chicks were used, divided randomly to five treatments such us: T1: control group without additives to diet, & the other T2, T3, T4 was added ellagic acid (0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mg/ kg diet) respectively and T5: was added vitamin C 0.5 mg/ kg, the birds were given ellagic acid & vitamin C from day one to the end of the experiment, the study results were showed a significant differences increase (P<0.05) improved at T4 treatment in the first & second week & in T2 and T4. in the 4th and 5th weeks treatment T2 was superior, to show a significant advantage of the control treatment & T1,T2 in the 2nd week for the trait of overweight, in the 4th and 5th weeks the treatment T2 was superior for the total weight gain, there was an improvement in the feed conversion in 4th week in T2, in the 5th week the treatment T2 was superior, there was a significantly superior in T2 for total weight gain rate, there was a significant increase in the feed conversion in T1 and T4 in the 2nd week.
EFFECT OF INJECTED DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF Moringa oleifera LEAVES POWDER IN HATCHING EGGS OF ADVANCED AGE OF BROILER BREEDERS ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASSES OF BROILER CHICKENS
Authors:   1Researcher, Directorate of Wasit Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Wasit, Iraq. hayder19760@gmail.com, D. Al-Hatheel Hayder , M. Ibrahim Basil ,   2Professor PhD., College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad. Iraq basil.m@coagri.uobaghdad.edu.iq
Published: July 2022

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of injecting hatching eggs into a flock of broiler aged mothers with different concentrations of the alcoholic extract of Moringa oleifera powder on productive performance of broilers during the period of rearing of 35 days. The study included two experiments for a period at 2/10/2021 to 28/11/2021, where eggs were injected into the Mustafa Poultry Hatchery/ Wasit Governorate- Aziziyah District. A 400 hatching eggs of 308 Ross mothers of modern broilers used at age of 48 week, eggs of average weight 66 ± 1 g/egg were collected in same day then stored for two days. A quarter of treatments were randomly distributed with 100 eggs for each treatment. The first treatment T1 without injection as control treatment, and T4, T3, and T2 (while injected into the space air) on day 12 of, in an amount of 0.2 mL for each egg, with concentration of 450, 300, 150 µg/mL, respectively. The hatched chicks were bred in the same fields, where 180 chicks of the chicks were distributed into four treatments, 45 chicks for each treated and three replicates (15 chicks) for each T1, T2, T3 and T4 were placed in a cage for 35 days. The results Showed A significant (p<0.05) increase for T4 compared to the control in body weight, body weight gain and relative weight of the gizzard, will all injection treatment recorded a highly significant decrease in the total feed consumption and feed conversion ratio compared to control treatment. While there were no significant differences between treatments in the percentage of total Mortality, relative weights of the heart, liver, breast and thighs and dressing ratio.
EFFECT OF USING STEVIA LEAF POWDER IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A DAIRY PRODUCT (CREAM) AGAINST THE MICROORGANISMS THAT CAUSE FOOD SPOILAGE AND THEIR ACCEPTANCE BY THE CONSUMER
Authors:   Assistant Professor PhD., Market Research and Consumer Protection Center, University of  Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. cioffi16@yahoo.com, M. S. Al-Hamdani Hamdia
Published: July 2022

The increase in obesity and the many accompanying diseases is attributed to the increased production and consumption of foods made of non-nutritive sweeteners without regard to the risks of consuming additional calories, and this in turn leads to hormonal imbalance and metabolic disorders and the resulting imbalance and ill health that have spread to all segments of society. During the research, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 % of stevia sweetener was added to the cream instead of the sugar used. Physical and chemical tests were performed for the stevia extract and the microbial content in the cream, as well as the sensory evaluation. It was noted that fortifying the cream with calorie-free stevia sugar led to the production of a cream with excellent texture, color and taste, with a very desirable sweetness and flavor, and the absence of any strange taste or flavor.
DESIGN AND VALIDATION OF A LOW−COST WIRELESS ELECTROMYOGRAPHY SYSTEM
Authors:   1Biomedical Engineer, Abu Ghraib General Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. farahbr95@yahoo.uk, B. Radeef Farah , A. Faihan Basma ,   2Assistant lecturer, Biomedical Engineering Department, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq. basma_algali@eng.nahrainuniv.edu.iq
Published: July 2022

Electromyography (EMG) is being explored for evaluating muscle activity. For gait analysis, EMG needs to be small, lightweight, portable device, and with low power consumption. The proposed superficial EMG (sEMG) system is aimed to be used in rehabilitation centers and biomechanics laboratories for gait analysis in Iraq. The system is built using MyoWare, which is controlled by using STM32F100 microcontroller. The sEMG signal is transferred via Bluetooth to the computer (about 30m range) for further processing. MATLAB is used for sEMG signal conditioning. The overall system cost (without computer) is about $80. The proposed system is validated using wired NORAXON EMG using the mean root mean squared method. The results showed a root mean squared error between (0.216% − 43.14%).¬¬¬
SUBSTITUTION OF ANIMAL PROTEIN BY DIFFERENT ATION OF DRIED RUMEN MEAL IN COMMON CARP Cyprinus carpio DIETS
Authors:   1Researcher, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Livestock, Baghdad, Iraq. alsaady.j990@gmail.com, A. Jasim1 Qahtan , S. M. AI-Obaidi2 Taghreed ,   2Assistant Professor PhD., Department of Animal Production College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. drtaghreedsadig@gmail.com
Published: July 2022

The study was conducted to show the effect of using dried rumen powder as a source of animal protein in the diets of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) on its performance, in the fish laboratory/College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/University of Baghdad/ for a period of 70 d, 70 fingerlings were used with an average starting weight of 30±3 g, with a live mass rate of 202±2 g, randomly distributed among five treatments, two replicates for each treatment and seven fish for each replicate. Five diets of almost identical protein content and different percentages of addition of dried rumen powder were added. 25% was added to treatment T2 and 50% to treatment T3 and 75% of the treatment T4 and 100% of the treatment T5 In addition to the control treatment T1, which was devoid of dried rumen powder, the fish were fed on experimental diets of 4% of their body weight and weighed every 15 d. The results showed that the T2 treatment was one of the best experimental treatments, as it gave the highest levels for most of the studied traits. The results indicated that there were significant differences (p>0.01) and (P < 0.05) between it and the control treatment T1 in growth parameters, which included the final weight average of 715 g and the rate of increase The total weight is 512.50 g, the daily weight gain rate is 12.32 g/d, the relative growth rate is 252.47%, and the specific growth rate is 1.75 g/d. The criteria for evaluating the diet, which included the amount of feed intake 1765.26 g and the amount of protein intake 577.41 g, and the best food conversion ratio of 3.44 and the efficiency of food conversion was 29.03 % and the value of the protein produced is 64.21% and the net exploited protein is 0.73%. We conclude from the current study that the dried rumen powder can be used by 25% in the diets of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) as a partial substitute for imported animal protein because it contributed to improving production performance. It can also be used Dried rumen powder at rates of 50 and 75%, but did not reach the levels achieved by 25%.
Improving approaches to the design and operation of anode ground bed
Authors: Глазов Николай Николаевич , Гончаров Андрей Викторович , Валюшок Андрей Валерьевич
Published: July 2022

Анодные заземлители являются основными, наиболее ответственными и дорогостоящими элементами системы электрохимической защиты. Нормативный срок эксплуатации анодов обеспечивается в первую очередь материалами, из которых они изготовлены. С целью увеличения ресурса и надежности системы электрохимической защиты объектов магистральных трубопроводов авторами выполнен анализ критериев работоспособности анодных заземлителей, эксплуатируемых организациями системы «Транснефть», проведены натурные испытания с использованием более 30 образцов анодов различных типов и производителей, выработаны рекомендации по применению материалов и конструкций электродов анодного заземления в зависимости от условий эксплуатации. Установлено, в частности, что по соотношению эксплуатационных характеристик наиболее приемлемыми материалами для изготовления глубинных анодных заземлителей, применяемых в грунтовых условиях, являются магнетит и ферросилид. При необходимости обеспечения высокой плотности анодного тока в среде с низким удельным электрическим сопротивлением, а также в условиях повышенных экологических требований целесообразно использование анодов на основе титана с покрытием из каталитических металлов или смешанных металлических оксидов. По результатам анализа свойств материалов анодных заземлителей, эксплуатационных сведений и данных натурных испытаний актуализированы нормативные требования ПАО «Транснефть» к рассматриваемому виду продукции.

Anode ground bed is the main, most important and expensive element of the electrochemical protection system. The standard service life of anodes is provided, first of all, by the materials from which they are made. In order to extend the life and reliability of the electrochemical protection system of main pipeline facilities, the authors analyzed the criteria for the operability of anode ground bed operated by the organizations of the Transneft system, conducted full-scale tests using more than 30 samples of anodes of various types and manufacturers, developed recommendations for the use of materials and designs of anode grounding electrodes depending on operating conditions. It has been founded, in particular, that in terms of the ratio of operational properties, the most acceptable materials for the manufacture of deep anode ground bed electrodes used in soil conditions are magnetite and ferrosilid. If it is necessary to provide a high anode current density in an environment with low specific electrical resistance, as well as under conditions of increased environmental requirements, it is advisable to use titanium-based anodes coated with catalytic metals or mixed metal oxides. Based on the results of the analysis of the properties of the materials of anode ground bed, operational information and field test data, the regulatory requirements of the Transneft, PJSC for the type of product under consideration were updated.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap dengan penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri Pada Mahasiswa yang Melakukan Praktikum Anatomi di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh
Authors: Sayuti Muhammad , Al-Muqsith Al-Muqsith , Nashirah Arini
Published: July 2022

Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) adalah seperangkat alat yang digunakan untuk melindungi sebagian atau seluruh bagian tubuh dari adanya potensi bahaya baik yang bersifat kimia, biologis, radiasi, fisik, elektrik, mekanik dan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan penggunaan APD pada mahasiswa yang melakukan praktikum anatomi di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi square. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah 83 mahasiswa yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil analisis univariat didapatkan pengetahuan kurang 62,7%, sikap positif 51,8%, penggunaan APD tidak lengkap 78,3%. Hasil uji chi square didapatkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan pengetahuan dengan penggunaan APD dengan nilai p value 0,210 dan terdapat hubungan sikap dengan penggunaan APD dengan nilai p value 0,013. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat hubungan pengetahuan dengan penggunaan APD dan terdapat hubungan sikap dengan penggunaan APD.Kata kunci: alat pelindung diri; pengetahuan; sikap
Tanggapan Masyarakat Mengenai Social Distancing Dan Physical Distancing Pada COVID-19 Di Kecamatan Medan Timur
Authors: Wiranda Ulzi Echa , Dimiati Herlina , Sakdiah Sakdiah
Published: July 2022

Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) atau Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), penyebab penyakit pernapasan akut di Wuhan, Provinsi Hubei, World Health Organization (WHO) atau Badan Kesehatan Dunia, sebagai Kedaruratan Kesehatan Masyarakat yang Meresahkan Dunia (KMMD). Diketahui sesuai protokol pencegahan salah satunya dengan Social Distancing (Jarak Sosial) Dan Physical Distancing (Jarak Fisik) masih banyak masyarakat yang tidak mematuhi protokol kesehatan COVID-19 seperti Social Distancing dan Physical Distancing, akibat hal tersebut juga mengakibatkan dampak yang terjadi di beberapa Negara-negara kurangnya penerimaan masyarakat dalam menjalani pencegahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Tanggapan Masyarakat Mengenai Social Distancing dan Physical Distancing Di Kecamatan Medan Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Deskriptif dengan Desain Cross Sectional, Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 Masyarakat Kecamatan Medan Timur Usia produktif . Dengan teknik Probability Sampling berupa Strafied Random Sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner online (Google-form) kepada masyarakat yang tersebar di 11 Kelurahan, Kecamatan Medan Timur. Data di Analisis menggunakan Uji Univariat dengan Aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan menurut Karesteristik Demografis,  bahwa Umur 20-35 tahun sebanyak 68.0% dan 20 tahun 13,0%. Menurut Profesi Mahasiswa sebanyak 47.0%, Tidak Bekerja sebanyak 29.0% dan yang Bekerja 24.0%. Menurut Status Belum Menikah 56.0% dan Sudah Menikah 44.0%. Menurut Pendidikan Menengah 67.0%, Tinggi 27.0% dan Rendah 6.0%. Gambaran Tanggapan bahwa sebanyak 86,0% memiliki Tanggapan Positif  mayoritas masyarakat mendukung Social Distancing,  dan Sebanyak 91.0%  memiliki Tanggapan positif mayoritas Masyarakat mendukung Physical Distancing.
Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Orang Tua tentang Bahaya Asap Rokok yang dapat Memicu Kejadian Ispa pada Anak Usia 0-5 Tahun di Puskesmas Samudera Tahun 2020
Authors: Zara Noviana
Published: July 2022

Asap rokok dari orangtua yang merokok dapat menyebabkan pencemaran udara yang dapat merusak mekanisme paru-paru. Asap rokok yang berlebihan dapat merusak sel paru-paru baik sel saluran pernapasan maupun jaringan paru. Paparan asap rokok berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya ISPA pada anak. Infeksi ini disebabkan oleh virus, jamur, dan bakteri. Penyakit ISPA paling banyak ditemukan pada anak-anak. ISPA akan menyerang seseorang yang ketahanan tubuh (immunologi) menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan orangtua terhadap bahaya asap rokok yang dapat memicu kejadian ISPA pada anak usia usia 0- 5 tahun di puskesmas Samudera. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif, dengan menggunakan metode Cross Sectional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 55 orang yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara membagi kuesioner kepada orang tua yang datang ke Puskesmas Samudera. Hasil penelitian didapatkan tingkat pengetahuan orang tua tentang bahaya asap rokok yang dapat memicu kejadian ISPA pada anak yaitu 66,7% pengetahuan cukup, jenis kelamin perempuan lebih banyak yaitu 71,7%, berusia 26-35 sebanyak 56,7%, memiliki tingkat pendidikan SMA sebanyak 43,3%, lebih banyak berkerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga yaitu 66,7% dan kebiasaan merokok orang tua sebanyak 73,3%. Kesimpulan Didapati tingkat pengetahuan orangtua tentang bahaya asap rokok yang dapat memicu kejadian ISPA pada anak termasuk kategori cukup.
PENEGAKAN DIAGNOSIS PEMFIGOID BULOSA PADA PENDERITA NON HODGKIN LYMPHOMA
Authors: Mellaratna Wizar Putri , Yuziani Yuziani
Published: July 2022

Pendahuluan: Penyakit bulosa autoimun merupakan penyakit yang relatif jarang dijumpai, yang menyerang kulit dan mukosa dan bersifat fatal. Kasus: Pasien datang dengan keluhan muncul gelembung-gelembung berisi cairan yang sudah pecah dan mengering hampir di seluruh tubuh pasien yang terasa nyeri dan gatal sejak 4 hari yang lalu. Gelembung berisi cairan ini awalnya muncul pada kedua tangan pasien, menyebar ke badan, kaki dan wajah. Status dermatologis ditemukan erosi yang berkrusta, batas tegas, dengan ukuran lentikular sampai dengan numular, distribusi lesi diskret dan generalisata. Hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi didapatkan epidermis sebagian atrofik dengan vacuolated di area basal dan eksositosis limfosit. Sebagian epidermis dengan bula di area subepidermal dengan sel-sel akantolitik. Sebagian epitel tampak nekrotik dengan lumen berisi sel PMN dan debris seluler. Pada dermis tampak serbukan sel radang menahun di perivaskuler. Diskusi: Pemfigoid bulosa umumnya terjadi pada pasien yang berumur lebih dari 60 tahun, insiden puncak pada umur 70 tahun. Pembentukan vesikel dan bula pada kulit normal atau eritematous biasanya tampak menyerupai urtikaria dan infiltrat papul dan plak yang kadang-kadang membentuk pola melingkar. Bula tampak tegang, diameter 1-4 cm, berisi cairan bening dan dapat bertahan selama beberapa hari, meninggalkan area erosi dan berkrusta. Hubungan antara keganasan dengan pemfigoid bulosa umumnya karena faktor usia yang relatif tua dari penderitanya dan sering meningkat pada kasus kanker saluran cerna, saluran urogenital, kanker paru, dan kelainan limfoproliferatif. Kesimpulan: Pemfigoid bulosa sering menyerang usia tua dan dapat terkait dengan keganasan. Pemeriksaan histopatologi diperlukan untuk menyingkirkan diagnosis penyakit bulosa lainnya.Kata kunci: bulosa, pemfigoid, autoimun, limfoma
ANALISA SETTING KOORDINASI PROTEKSI OVER CURRENT RELAY PADA JARINGAN DISTRIBUSI DI PT. PLN (PERSERO) ULP PANGKALAN BRANDAN
Authors: Idriana Elvi , Putri Raihan , Meliala Selamat , Fariadi Dedi
Published: July 2022

Dalam kehidupan manusia energi listrik adalah kebutuhan primer yang sangatlah penting. Dalam pendistribusian tenaga listrik adapun gangguan baik di dalam sistem maupun diluar jaringan distribusi, salah satunya adalah hubung singkat yang dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan sistem pada peralatan distribusi dan beban listrik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perhatian yang lebih untuk melindungi kerugian yang disebabkan adanya gangguan hubung singkat yang terjadi pada sistem jaringan distribusi tenaga listrik. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut penulis menggunakan perangkat proteksi relai arus lebih. Adapun metode penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan koordinasi relai arus lebih yaitu dengan menggunakan simulasi pada softwareETAPuntuk memulai koordinasi relai yaitu dengan pembuatan single line diagram, penentuan penempatan relai sesuai waktu kerja, penentuan tahap waktu kerja relai, nilai arus yang terhubung yaitu hubung singkat tiga fasa dan dua fasa pada bus yang terdekat dengan relai dan parameter nilai lainnya untuk perhitungan setting koordinasi relai sesuai dengan karakteristiknya.Arus gangguan hubung singkat terbesar pada bus 2 sebesar 6.130 A dan arus gangguan terkecil pada bus 46 sebesar 1.565 A. Hasil perhitungan setting relai pada bus 3 adalah Ip = 0,147125 A dan TMS = 1,02 s, pada bus 7 yaitu Ip = 0,1056 A dan TMS = 0,78 s, pada bus 17 yaitu Ip = 0,0671 A dan TMS = 0,64 s, pada bus 34 yaitu Ip = 0,0363 A dan TMS = 0,481 s, dan pada bus 46 yaitu Ip = 0,0044 A dan TMS = 0,282 s.Hasil analisa dalam pengujian terhadap beberapa skenario sumber gangguan pada bus 3, 7, 17, 34, 46 dapat dilihat dari circuit breaker bekerja secara berurutan dari sumber gangguan.Dari pengujian simulasi kurva dapat dilihat waktu relai bekerja sesuai arus gangguan, semakin besar arus gangguan maka waktu relai bekerja akan semakin cepat. Ini menunjukkan bahwa penyetelan relai sudah berjalan dengan baik dan tidak tumpang tindih antar relai yang lainnya.
ANALISA TEKNOLOGI FOTOVOLTAIK SEBAGAI DISTRIBUTED GENERATION (DG) PADA SISTEM DISTRIBUSI MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE ELECTRIC TRANSIENT AND ANALYSIS PROGRAM (ETAP)
Authors: Ariyono Ariyono
Published: July 2022

Energi listrik merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok masyarakat dalam beraktifitas, baik digunakan untuk keperluan rumah tangga maupun keperluan industri. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan listrik di era ekonomi yang tumbuh sangat pesat ini membutuhkan banyak energi listrik. Oleh karena itu kualitas energi listrik perlu ditingkatkan. Letak pembangkit yang jauh dari beban juga menyebabkan tingginya nilai drop tegangan pada beberapa bus, selain itu juga menyebabkan rugi-rugi daya sistem yang cukup besar. Metode yang bisa digunakan pada penelitian ini dengan memasang teknologi fotovoltaik sebagai distributed generation (DG) atau pembangkit terdistribusi yang memiliki kapasitas daya yang lebih kecil dari pembangkit utama. Pemasangan pembangkit ini  harus diikuti dengan penentuan lokasi dan kapasitas yang sesuai. Uji coba penentuan lokasi, besar kapasitas dan berapa jatuh tegangan setelah di pasang fotovoltaik pada sistem distribusi IEEE 34 bus sistem radial menggunakan simulasi di beberapa titik. Hasil yang paling baik dari beberapa titik simulasi yaitu pada bus 848 yang mengurangi nilai rata-rata tegangan menjadi 2,06 % dari tegangan yang sebenarnya dan mengurangi rugi-rugi daya total menjadi 129.18 kW.
Preface
Authors: Christian Timothy J.
Published: July 2022

Preface
STS Program Planning Committee: Pre-conference Tour of the California Marine Mammal Center and the San Francisco Bay Model
Authors: STS Program Planning Committee
Published: July 2022

Announcement of a pre-conference tour of the California Marine Mammal Center and the San Francisco Bay Model on Friday June 26.
From Kirtland Air Force Base
Authors: From Kirtland Air Force Base New Mexico
Published: July 2022

Five of the largest technical and educational libraries in New Mexico signed an agreement on January 27, 1992, pledging to share their resources.
PAMNET: A Listserv Forum for Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics Librarians
Authors: Goode Joanne
Published: July 2022

PAMnet (SLA-PAM@UKCC.UKY.EDU) is a Listserv forum that was originally established for the members of the Physics, Astronomy, and Mathematics Division of the Special Libraries Association in 1988. PAMnet began life as a way to simply communicate among the members of PAM's mathematics community, primarily consisting in 1988 of a few PAM members with access to BITNET. Over the next two years, it quickly evolved and grew to include many of the PAM Division members from all three interest groups as well as many non-PAM members who had access to the INTERNET.PAMnet is managed by a Listserv at the University of Kentucky and the costs are underwritten by the University of Kentucky Libraries. Although PAMnet doesn't officially belong to the PAM Division, policy has been generally based on the consensus of the PAM Division members. Files have been archived for PAMnet since March of 1992.
Letter from the President and Vice President in Announcement of White House Electronic Mail Access
Authors: Not applicable
Published: July 2022

Part of our commitment to change is to keep the White House in step with today's changing technology. As we move ahead into the twenty-first century, we must have a government that can show the way and lead by example. Today, we are pleased to announce that for the first time in history, the White House will be connected to you via electronic mail. Electronic mail will bring the Presidency and this Administration closer and make it more accessible to the people.
PENGARUH CUACA TERHADAP POLA MUSIM PENANGKAPAN IKAN PELAGIS DI PERAIRAN TELUK LAMPUNG
Authors: Sari Mella , Wiyono Eko Sri , Zulkarnain
Published: July 2022

Kelimpahan ikan pelagis untuk beberapa spesies cenderung sensitif terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Jenis-jenis ikan pelagis tersebut merupakan jenis ikan ekonomis penting. Namun saat ini, musim penangkapan ikan tidak menentu, sulit diprediksi, dan mempengaruhi pendapatan nelayan. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan hasil tangkapan dominan beserta alat tangkapnya di PPP Lempasing, menganalisis pola musim penangkapan ikan pelagis tangkapan dominan yang berbasis di PPP Lempasing, dan mengidentifikasi hubungan cuaca terhadap hasil tangkapan yang memengaruhi produktivitas penangkapan di PPP Lempasing. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif dan analisis indeks musim penangkapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan perhitungan persentase total nilai produksi, hasil tangkapan dominan adalah menggunakan alat tangkap mini purse seine yaitu ikan pelagis (tongkol, kembung, dan cumi-cumi). Pola musim penangkapan ikan pelagis yang dominan berfluktuasi selama 5 tahun dari tahun 2016-2020. Musim penangkapan tongkol terjadi pada bulan Mei-Agustus dengan musim puncak pada bulan Juni, musim penangkapan kembung dari bulan Maret-September dengan musim puncak pada bulan Agustus, dan musim penangkapan cumi-cumi dari bulan Maret dan Mei-September dengan musim puncak pada bulan Juni. Pengaruh cuaca terhadap musim ikan pelagis menunjukkan variabel kecepatan angin berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil tangkapan tongkol, variabel jumlah hari hujan dan jumlah curah hujan yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil tangkapan kembung serta variabel kecepatan angin yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil tangkapan cumi-cumi.

Kata kunci: cuaca, ikan pelagis, kapal mini purse seine, pola musim penangkapan, PPP Lempasing
Validasi Booklet Keanekaragaman Echinodermata yang berasosiasi dengan Lamun untuk siswa SMA di Pesisir Selatan Pulau Lombok
Authors: Patech Lalu Raftha , Idrus Agil Al , Syukur Abdul
Published: July 2022

Bahan ajar berbasis potensi lokal yang dimiliki sebuah daerah merupakan salah satu solusi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan dalam pembelajaran, seperti materi invertebrata khususnya echinodermata yang memiliki materi cukup banyak dan kompleks. Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan validitas bahan ajar berbentuk Booklet berdasarkan kelimpahan Echinodermata di perairan pesisir pulau Lombok. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model 4D yang terdiri dari tahap pendefinisian (Define), perancangan (Design), pengembangan (Develop) dan penyebaran (Disseminate) berdasarkan model Thiagarajan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Booklet yang telah dikembangkan memperoleh kriteria sangat valid berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli dengan rata-rata persentase sebesar 88,48%, 90,67%, dan 90,67% dan guru mitra dengan persentase sebesar 92%, sedangkan berdasarkan uji perorangan buku ilmiah populer ini mendapatkan kriteria sangat valid dengan persentase rata-rata sebesar 91%. Hasil tersebut menggambarkan bahwa booklet yang telah dikembangkan memiliki tingkat validitas yang sangat tinggi karena telah bersifat kontekstual, memiliki bahasa yang mudah dipahami, memiliki tampilan yang menarik, sesuai dengan pembelajaran saintifik. Booklet Echinodermata dapat menjadi buku ajar untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran, hasil belajar dan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan Literasi sains siswa pada materi echinodermata.