bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A „digitarthatósággal” kapcsolatos vállalkozási attitűd vizsgálata : A magyar és a szlovák sajátosságok összehasonlítása
Authors: Kárpáti-Daróczi Judit , Saáry Réka , Tick Andrea
Published: March 2024

A 21. században működő vállalkozásoknak számos kihívással kell szembenézniük. Ilyen egyebek mellett a digitális transzformáció kényszere, a fenntarthatósági törekvések miatt szükségessé váló üzletimodell-váltás, és mindez olyan formában, hogy közben nyereségesek maradjanak és az üzletmenetüket is fenntartsák. Ez a tanulmány arra keresi a választ, hogy a profit és a digitalizáció minél magasabb szintje vagy a fenntarthatósági szempontok a fontosabbak a magyarországi és a szlovákiai kis- és középvállalatok számára. A kutatás 210 magyar és szlovák kkv-vezető, illetve -tulajdonos véleményét veti össze, és a hasonlóságok és a különbségek feltárására a CHAID-alapú döntési fa módszerét alkalmazza, faktor- és klaszterelemzésekkel párhuzamosan. Az eredmények alapján a szlovák vállalkozások pozitívabban állnak a digitalizációhoz, ugyanakkor mind a magyar, mind a szlovák kkv-k két csoportra oszlanak a digitalizáció és a fenntarthatóság megközelítése szempontjából. Jelentős véleménykülönbségek vannak a digitalizáció hatásait illetően a költség- és erőforrásigény-csökkentés, a termékéletciklus meghosszabbítása, illetve a termelékenység növelése terén. A vállalatvezetők, illetve a tulajdonosok mindkét országban egyetértenek abban, hogy az üzleti modelleket a digitalizációhoz és a fenntarthatósághoz kell igazítani, miközben – bár szignifikánsan eltérő módon – aggódnak a digitalizáció negatív hatásai miatt.
Análisis del plan multisectorial de la lucha contra la anemia en el Perú, basado en la gestión de cambio
Authors: Vasquez-Velasquez Cinthya , Baltodano-Calle María J. , De la Torre Guzmán Luz Chavela , Díaz-Tavera Zoila , Gonzales Gustavo F
Published: March 2024

El Plan Multisectorial de la lucha contra la anemia es un documento normativo ejecutado a lo largo del periodo 2018-2020, el cual involucró a 15 ministerios que conforman el Gobierno peruano. El presente manuscrito realiza un análisis en base a las fases de la gestión de cambio propuestas por Hayes.
Tendencias de la frecuencia de obesidad en mujeres en edad fértil. Estudio basado en la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar-ENDES, Perú, 2005-2018
Authors: Hoppe Wolfgang , Hidalgo Carlos
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Describir las tendencias de la frecuencia de obesidad y su relación con algunos factores socioeconómicos en mujeres en edad fértil en el Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal de datos secundarios, analítico utilizando las bases de datos de la Encuesta Nacional Demográfica en Salud (ENDES) de los años 2005 a 2018. Se estimó la frecuencia de mujeres con obesidad para cada año y se las comparó mediante los intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%). Se comparó la magnitud de asociación de lugar, edad y paridad, lugar de residencia, grado de educación e índice de riqueza. Resultados: Se observó un aumento de la obesidad en mujeres en edad fértil de 17,72% (IC95%: 16,24-19,32) en el 2005 a 32% (IC95%: 30,46-34,42) en el 2018. La prevalencia de obesidad tipo I aumentó de 9,07% (IC95% 8,09-10,16) en el año 2005 a 22,15% (IC95% 15,19-16,48) en el 2018. Se observó un aumento continuo en la prevalencia de obesidad tipo II de 2,34% (IC95% 1,84-3,05) a 7,29% (IC95% 3,75-4,52). En las mujeres que se encontraron embarazadas al momento de la entrevista se encontró una prevalencia de obesidad de 17,21% (IC95% 11,42-25,10) en el año 2005 llegando a 38,61% (IC95% 20,25-28,46) en el año 2018. Se encontró relación significativa de la posibilidad de ser obesa con la edad y la paridad. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de obesidad en las mujeres en edad fértil en nuestro país es alta y continúa incrementando con el tiempo. La prevalencia incrementada se presenta igualmente en gestantes, incrementando las complicaciones materno-perinatales.
Ciberseguridad en servicios de apoyo al médico ocupacional de la ciudad de Lima. Estudio piloto
Authors: Gomero Raúl , Sánchez David
Published: March 2024

Recientes investigaciones destacan la importancia de la ciberseguridad en la creciente era digital. El 83% de las organizaciones han experimentado brechas de seguridad en el 2022, costándoles en promedio 4,35 millones de dólares americanos por incidente. En Perú, la ciberseguridad está regulada por diversas normas, estableciendo medidas de protección de datos y la seguridad informática. Objetivo: Describir la situación de la ciberseguridad en los servicios de apoyo al médico ocupacional (SAMO). Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 11 SAMO. Se elaboró un cuestionario no validado para recolectar la información consentida sobre la gestión de la ciberseguridad de los SAMO que brindaban servicio a un importante proyecto de construcción en Lima Metropolitana. Resultados: La mayoría de los establecimientos de salud (más del 80%) tuvo planes de respuesta a incidentes de seguridad cibernética para garantizar una respuesta rápida ante un ataque cibernético; realizaban copias de seguridad de los datos críticos con regularidad y los almacenaban en un lugar diferente a establecimiento; y actualizaban regularmente los sistemas operativos y programas de softwares buscando asegurar que se utilizan versiones seguras. Conclusión: Existe una gestión de la seguridad informática predominantemente reactiva. El reporte discute la importancia de la ciberseguridad, resaltando la exposición de la información médica y los servicios a riesgos cibernéticos y planteamos retos futuros para la ciberseguridad, subrayando la importancia de la preparación ante amenazas futuras en un entorno en constante transformación digital.
Varietal Distinctiveness of World’s Wine Regions: An Updated Empirical Picture
Authors: Anderson Kym , Nelgen Signe , Puga German
Published: March 2024

This summarizes and updates an article originally published as Anderson and Nelgen (2021) which is based on a freely available revised global database and ebook (Anderson and Nelgen, 2020a; Anderson and Nelgen, 2020b).
Engaging School Communities During COVID-19: The Role of School Nurses
Authors: Hoffman Rosanne , Kay Shelley S. , Piepenbrink Rumour P. , Goldman Jennifer L. , Schuster Jennifer E. , Grimes Lauren R. , Mast Dana Keener
Published: March 2024

We explored the role of school nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic by conducting interviews and focus groups with them in 2022 and 2023 in an urban public school district. Findings indicated that school nurses played an essential public health role in engaging the school community, overseeing COVID-19 testing, and enforcing risk mitigation strategies during the pandemic. Our results contribute to understanding school nurses’ experiences during the pandemic and highlight the need for training and support for their vital role. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S5):S402–S404. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307591 )
Identifikasi Jamur Dermatophyta Pada Helm Penumpang Ojek Online Di Samarinda Seberang
Authors: Widia Widia , Lamri Lamri , Prihandono Dwi Setiyo
Published: March 2024

Jamur Dermatophyta adalah patogen yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi kulit pada manusia dan telah di identifikasi sebagai salah satu penyebab dermatofitosis, yang dapat ditularkan melalui kontak langsung dengan benda yang terkontaminasi, termasuk helm. Helm yang digunakan oleh penumpang ojek dapat menjadi media yang potensial untuk kontaminasi jamur yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan apakah terdapat jamur Dermatophyta pada helm penumpang ojek online di Samarinda Seberang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif observasional dengan 26 sampel yang dipilih secara acak (random sampling). Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah keberadaan jamur, sedangkan variabel independen adalah pemakaian helm penumpang ojek online dalam sehari dan pembersihan helm. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat. Helm penumpang ojek online di Samarinda Seberang memiliki risiko kontaminasi jamur Dermatophyta, hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa dari 26 sampel helm penumpang ojek online di Samarinda Seberang, sekitar 19,2% atau 5 sampel helm terkontaminasi jamur Dermatophyta. Jenis jamur Dermatophyta yang di temukan meliputi Microsporum gypseum (3,8%), Microsporum ferrugineum (11,6%), dan Trichophyton tonsurans (3,8%). Ditemukan bahwa pola pemakaian dan pembersihan helm mempengaruhi keberadaan jamur Dermatophyta pada helm penumpang. Helm yang digunakan oleh lebih dari 10 penumpang per hari cenderung memiliki tingkat positivitas jamur yang lebih tinggi, demikian juga dengan helm yang jarang dibersihkan.
Enhancing a Water Risk Assessment Tool with Integrated Management Strategy
Authors: Nanruksa S. , Dhanasin P.
Published: March 2024

This paper introduces the company's novel Water Related Risk Assessment Tool, a bespoke risk-based approach to water management within oil and gas facilities. This tool helps the company to identify and assess water-related risks and opportunities at individual asset levels. Its key ideation of water risk assessment lies in merging data from reputable global databases (WWF Water Risk Filter and WRI Aqueduct) with the company's localized information, creating a comprehensive picture of potential risks and their financial impacts. The tool analyzes water risk likelihood and severity across three timeframes – current year, 2030, and 2050 – under various concerns encompassing physical, regulatory, reputational, operational, and basin-specific water challenges. This multi-dimensional assessment allows the company to prioritize water-related risks by integrating financial data based on their potential financial impact, guiding targeted mitigation efforts, and identifying opportunities for assessment beyond identifying risks. It also highlights water efficiency opportunities in high water stress areas, enabling proactive management of water resources, and tracking progress as continuous monitoring ensures that risks are regularly reassessed and mitigation strategies adapt to changing circumstances.

As a result of the assessments, the overall company water risks indicated from low to medium, according to the company's risk matrix. However, a few specific assets were identified as operating within high-stress areas. Therefore, the company has been actively pursuing water efficiency initiatives to mitigate these risks within and beyond its operational boundaries. The assessment result is considered integrated into the company risk management system to ensure long-term effectiveness, guarantee consistent monitoring and develop appropriate mitigation of significant water-related risks.

In conclusion, the Water Risk Assessment Tool exemplifies a comprehensive customized risk-based approach to integrated water management strategy. By integrating global data with company-specific insights, it prioritizes and enables proactive risk identification and mitigation, and ultimately, sustainable water resource management within the oil and gas sector.
3D Printing Solution for Corrosion Management
Authors: Banna R. W. , Orfali A. M. , Elayoubi E. M. , Baig M. M. , Khan I. A. , Asiri A. Y.
Published: March 2024

Wedge wire laterals (WWL) of filters are designed to remove particulates from fluids to prevent contamination, media passing or damage to downstream industrial processes, equipment and oil and gas reservoirs Figure 1. WWL is the main element for the filtration process and any failure or leaks will lead to media passing and affect to all downstream piping, equipment and meeting water quality specification.

The existing materials is stainless steel 316 and it has frequent failures, corrosion and pitting even before the turnaround and inspection T&I due date, as shown in below picture. The design of the laterals is unique and can't be achieved with traditional manufacturing methods of nonmetallic materials due to laterals technical specifications.

The idea is to use the fourth industrial revolution IR 4.0 of 3D printing technology to design and manufacture the sand filter (WWL) with non-metallic material to withstand the filter operating condition.
A Novel Digital Framework for Intelligent and Real-Time Water Injection System Management
Authors: Reddicharla Nagaraju , Alshehhi Shamma Saeed , Kumar Amit , Konkati Sarath , Sultan Ali Mayada , Elmansour Ayman
Published: March 2024

In line with ADNOC production growth strategy, water injection management is seen as one of the key field development strategies to achieve the mandated production target as it will maintain reservoir pressure as well as improve sweep efficiency and increase field recovery factor. In view of this, it is crucial to ensure an effective integrated water injection system with sufficient water supply capacity is in place. ADNOC Onshore has set-up unique digital framework to manage the system with increased levels of consistent production through increased uptime, while also reducing maintenance costs and lowering overall risk

This digital framework integrated with three types of analytics that businesses use to drive their decision making. Real time monitoring has been implemented as a foundation layer for water injection system consisting of water supply wells, surface pumps and water injection wells. Descriptive Analytics uses data aggregation and data mining to provide insight into the past such as down time analysis & down time root causes. These analytics are useful because they allow us to learn from past behaviors and understand how they might influence future outcomes. The next layer is predictive Analytics, which uses statistical models and forecasting techniques to understand the future. The failure prediction models have been implemented to predict ESP failures in water supply wells and pump failures in surface pumps. This provides actionable insights based on data. The relatively new field of prescriptive analytics allows users to "prescribe" several different possible actions and guide them towards a solution. In a nutshell, these analytics are all about providing advice. Prescriptive analytics attempts to quantify the effect of future decisions to advise on possible outcomes before the decisions are made.

This framework integrates all essential elements of water injection surveillance and analysis into a fully digitized intelligent system, it significantly reduces total operating costs, and substantially decreases production risks. This intelligent system has been implemented across multiple fields consisting of several hundred injectors and supply wells.

Digital transformation is changing the way operates on a scale for managing water injection system. The comprehensive real-time and near-real-time reporting the system provides gives an unparalleled level of transparency into all the daily field operations that are carried out on their assets, directly and unfiltered from the sensors and digitized processes. This paper describes the unique digital framework aligned with data analytics for managing water injection system.
Softener Regeneration Optimization
Authors: Bekair K.
Published: March 2024

A new innovative idea, which has been filed for patent, is simply utilizing waste water, which is RO membrane reject, in the process of regenerating a softener unit. This unit's product, soft water, is utilized instead of raw water in cooling towers since it has a lower hardness than raw water, resulting in a lower usage of water in the cooling system. The principle of softener units is based on ion-to-ion exchange between the hardness material, which is mainly calcium and magnesium, and sodium. After utilizing the softener unit, the resins will be saturated with hardness materials; hence, a regeneration process would be required to make the unit available again for operation. The new innovative procedure involves replacing the raw water in the regeneration process with RO reject. Theoretically, one of the challenges that the idea encountered was the high concentration of hardness materials in the RO reject. The analysis showed that the performance of the regeneration process when utilizing RO reject will not be affected. Based on the theoretical evaluation, a six-month trial was conducted, and it was concluded that the idea was successful. The quantifiable benefit of applying such an innovative idea is a reduction in the overall utilization of raw water in the regeneration process by 40%, which is 15 million gallons of fresh water per year, which corresponds to a dollar value of $150,000 per annum.
Accuracy of Beamscan Software in Determining Inflection Point from FFF Beam Profile using Several Array Detectors
Authors: Samuel James Jebaseelan Jebaseelan , Kandasamy Kanakavel
Published: March 2024

The goal of this study is to determine the accuracy of the PTW Beamscan program in determining the inflection point from an FFF Beam Profile utilizing Multiple Detectors. Profile measurements were taken with PTW’s 729, 1500, and 1600 and the Starcheck system, the Pinpoint 3D with Beamscan system, and Linac’s EPID. Using the first-order derivative employed in the Excel spreadsheet and Beamscan software, raw measured data were used to determine the inflection point, and the FWHM was calculated. The accuracy of inflection points and FWHM between the Excel sheet calculation and the software program were investigated. For 10X10 cm2 in the 729 Array, the greatest differences in FWHM were 5.16 mm and 5.04 mm for the X6 FFF and X10 FFF Energies, respectively. The largest difference was 2.26 mm for 1600 SRS arrays with a 15×15 cm2 field size. The difference in FWHM between Manual and software analysis for 10X10 cm2 and 20X20 cm2 Field Sizes is in decreasing order for detectors from 729, 1500, 1600 SRS, Starcheck, Pinpoint 3D, and EPID. In contrast, there is no climbing or declining pattern detected in the difference in Field Width for the 15×15 cm2 Field Size. Similarly, for all detectors except the 1600 SRS array, the peak of the first-order derivative occurs at the chamber position for a 15X15 cm2 field size. EPID outperformed all other detectors in terms of agreement with values obtained by software analysis. The data show that increased resolution improves inflection point detection. Thus, it is shown that BeamScan software is ideal for FFF beam profile analysis utilizing inflection point analysis.
Human neural stem cells derived from fetal human brain communicate each other and rescue ischemic neurons through tunneling nanotubes
Authors: Pisani Francesco , Capobianco Diletta , De Zio Roberta , Profico Daniela , Gelati Maurizio , Simone Laura , D'Erchia Anna Maria , Palma Francesco Di , Mormone Elisabetta , Bernardi Paolo , Sbarbati Andrea , Gerbino Andrea , Pesole Graziano , Vescovi Angelo , Svelto Maria
Published: March 2024

Pre-clinical trials have demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of transplanted human neural stem cells (hNSCs) during the post-ischemic phase. However, the exact neuroprotective mechanism remains unclear. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are long plasma membrane bridges that physically connect distant cells, enabling the intercellular transfer of mitochondria, contributing to post-ischemic repair processes. Whether hNSCs communicate through TNTs and their role in post-ischemic neuroprotection remain unknown. In this study, non-immortalized hNSC lines derived from fetal human brain tissues were examined to explore these possibilities and assess the post-ischemic neuroprotection potential of these hNSCs. Using Tau-STED super-resolution confocal microscopy, live cell time-lapse fluorescence microscopy, electron microscopy, and direct or non-contact homotypic co-cultures, we demonstrated that hNSCs generate nestin-positive TNTs in both 3D neurospheres and 2D cultures, though which they transfer functional mitochondria. Co-culturing hNSCs with human neurons revealed heterotypic TNTs allowing mitochondrial transfer from hNSCs to neurons. To investigate the role of heterotypic TNTs in post-ischemic neuroprotection, neurons were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by reoxygenation (OGD/R) with or without hNSCs in direct or non-contact co-cultures. Compared to normoxia, OGD/R neurons became apoptotic with impaired electrical activity. When OGD/R neurons were co-cultured in direct contact with hNSCs, heterotypic TNTs enabled the transfer of functional mitochondria from hNSCs to OGD/R neurons, rescuing them from apoptosis and restoring the bioelectrical profile toward normoxic neurons. This complete neuroprotection did not occur in the non-contact co-culture. In summary, our data reveal the presence of a functional TNTs network containing nestin within hNSCs, demonstrate the involvement of TNTs in post-ischemic neuroprotection mediated by hNSCs, and highlight the strong efficacy of our hNSC lines in post-ischemic neuroprotection.
Optimizing IOL calculation in triple-DMEK: data from a real-life cohort
Authors: Velarde-Rodríguez Gonzalo , Lorenzana-Blanco Natalia , Corte-Alonso Sofía , Garcia-Sandoval Blanca , Morote Ignacio Jiménez-Alfaro , Alejandre-Alba Nicolás
Published: March 2024

Aim To enhance the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in patients undergoing simultaneous cataract surgery and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (triple-DMEK) by predicting corneal power changes.Methods Observational ambispective monocentric cohort study. Real life refractive outcomes and pre/post-operative corneal data from the IOL Master 700 (Zeiss) were merged in a linear corneal change model (LCCM), including traditional and new-generation formulae. The model was compared with the outcomes of optimizing IOL constants specifically for Triple-DMEK.Results 97 eyes of 69 patients with a follow-up of more than 3 months were analysed. Preoperative keratometry was unavailable in 9 eyes, in which IOL calculation was performed by manually with autorefractometer data and were analysed separately. Mean absolute error (MAE) for the former group was higher than for the measured one, 1.35 ± 1.16 D and 0.75 ± 0.70 D respectively. The median change in simulated keratometry (SimK) was − 0.21 ± 0.68 D and in total keratometry (TK) was − 0.62 ± 1.09 D, both statistically significant (p < 0.001). The lowest MAE was achieved by SRK/T with constant optimization (0.60 ± 0.58 D). The LCCM applied to any formula, showed similar MAE results to the constant optimization method (p > 0.05). However, the maximum absolute error for the optimization method was 2.08 ± 0.16 D, while for the LCCM method was 1.87 ± 0.13 D.Conclusions Keratometric readings in corneas with Fuchs´ dystrophy should be carefully measured. SimK and TK show a significant change during Triple-DMEK surgery. Optimizing IOL constants for this surgery improves the MAE, while using the LCCM could lead to a reduction of refractive surprises.
Experimental study on the spray characteristics of low mass flow pressure swirl nozzles
Authors: Zhang Tao , Kai Xingping , Li Zhenhuan , He Yeguang , Wang Nan , Li Rundong
Published: March 2024

Pressure swirl nozzles with small mass flow are severed as starting nozzles and their spray characteristics directly affect the ignition performance in the combustion chamber. In order to adapt to different combustion chambers and to clarify the spray laws of nozzles with different spray cone angles, experimental studies have been carried out on the spray cone angle, the breakup length, the droplet velocity field, and the droplet size distribution characteristics for two nozzles. The results show that with the increase in injection pressure, the spray cone angle increases and then tends to slow down, the liquid film breakup length and droplet size decreases, the droplet velocity decreases as the increase in axial distance, the droplet velocity decay rate of the outside of the cone is higher than that of the droplets at the center axis position. Under the same working conditions, as the spray cone angle increases, the sprayed droplet size decreases but its uniformity improves, and the droplet velocity near the center axis of the spray field of the smaller spray angle cone nozzle increases significantly. From a theoretical point of view, it is shown that the conical liquid film breakup length becomes smaller for nozzles with large spray cone angles at the same flow rates.
Clinical diagnosis model Construction of endometriosis based on clinical data*
Authors: Zhang Wenwen , Jia Qiucheng , Tang Huimin , Chen Yao , Shan Wulin , Zhu Genhai , Chen Jiming
Published: March 2024

Objective
Screen the relevant diagnostic indicators of endometriosis, build a diagnostic model and verify it, so as to provide a scientific basis for diagnosis and differentiation.zig.
Method(s)
A total of 625 patients with pathologically confirmed endometriosis were selected from December 2016 to June 2022 in Hainan Provincial people's Hospital. 308 patients with endometriosis were selected as case group and 317 patients without endometriosis as control group. There were 41 cases in the case group and 28 cases in the control group. The clinical characteristics and laboratory indexes of patients in the case group and the control group were compared: age, dysmenorrhea, progressive aggravation of symptoms, dysuria, abnormal menstruation, difficulty in sexual intercourse, low back and abdominal pain, infertility, carbohydrate antigen 125, monocyte percentage, monocyte absolute value, platelet, mean platelet volume, platelet volume distribution width, platelet volume ratio, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase. The independent risk factors were screened by binary Logistic regression analysis and the prediction model was constructed. Hosmer-Lemeshow was used to test the goodness of fit of the model and the subject working characteristic curve was used to judge the prediction efficiency of the model.
Result(s)
There were significant differences in age, dysmenorrhea, progressive aggravation of symptoms, abnormal menstruation, infertility, CA125, PCT, LDH and ALP between the two groups. The higher the CA125, the higher the risk of endometriosis, with statistical significance [OR = 1.023 (95% CI:1.016–1.029)], dysmenorrhea symptoms [OR = 3.467 (95% CI:2.052–5.859)], progressive symptoms [OR = 4.501 (95% CI:1.389–14.584)] and infertility [OR = 2.776 (95% CI:1.216–6.335)]. The higher the risk of endometriosis. The higher the LDH [OR = 0.993 (95% CI:0.987–0.999)] and the higher the ALP [OR = 0.977 (95% CI:0.962–0.991)], the lower the risk of endometriosis. The constructed model was verified by Hmurl and the result showed that P = 0.103, which suggested that the model fitted well. When the area under the model curve was 0.846 (95%CI:0.815–0.873) and the Jordan index was 0.5498, the best critical value was 0.478, the sensitivity was 69.81 and the specificity was 85.17.
Conclusion(s)
The model has good degree of fit and distinguishing ability, and can be used as an auxiliary means.
Five-years survival of Brazilian patients with lip, oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Castro Fernando Silva , Lessa Adriele Freitas Neiva , Duarte Rita de Cássia de Jesus , Vieira Flávio Ferraz , Castro Sebastião Maurício Oliveira , Oliveira Ana Carolina Ribeiro , Bittencourt Alexandre Horácio Couto , Amancio Alice Muglia Thomaz Silva , Cardoso Fabrizio dos Santos , Silva Sérgio Gomes da
Published: March 2024

Objective: Worldwide, oral cancers represent the sixth most common oncological malignancy, and the incidence of oral cancer has increased over the last decade. Based on this, we conducted a study to evaluate five-years survival of Brazilian patients with lip, oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer.
Materials and Methods: We used data from the Hospital Cancer Registry at Hospital do Câncer de Muriaé to analyze cancer cases from 2010 to 2016.
Results: Majority of our sample did not complete elementary school (75.90%) and the under-60 age group represented the largest population (53.30%). Alcoholism and smoking were habits present in in 40.51% and 55.90% of the cases, respectively. In 51.27% of cases, patients had advanced disease with invasion of adjacent tissues (staging IV). Five-years oral cancer survival was 72.08%. In addition, five-years survival of patients in staging I was significantly higher compared to patients in staging IV.
Conclusion: Taken together, we found that patients in staging IV and above 79 years of age have the lowest survival. Increasing access to health care and prevention strategies are fundamental and necessary to change the current scenario.
Process optimization for production of bioethanol from sugarcane bagasse at Wonji Sugar Factory, Ethiopian
Authors: Debela Dula , Bekele Eshetu , Nemera Tesfaye
Published: March 2024

The Ethiopian sugar estates produce large amounts of bagasse annually. An alternative bioethanol energy source is produced through pretreatment and valorization processes. Therefore, this study aimed to optimize pretreatment, hydrolysis and fermentation processes to produce bioethanol from sugarcane bagasse. Different concentrations of alkaline (NaOH) and acid (H2SO4) were used to hydrolyse sugarcane bagasse at different pressures and reaction times, while fermentation experiments were carried out at different incubation temperatures and for different periods at different initial pH values. The pretreatment process was used to extract cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, whereas hydrolysis was used for reducing sugars, and fermentation was used for ethanol. After the quality test, the collected data were subjected to statistical analysis and model optimization using design expert statistical software version 7.0. The results of the statistical analysis on pretreatment optimization revealed that 2.5% NaOH and 15 psi at 35 minutes resulted in the maximum extraction of cellulose (81.25) with the maximum removal of hemicellulose (8.41) and lignin (6.02%). For pretreated bagasse hydrolysis, 2.05% H2SO4 at 205.92°C within 60 minutes produced a maximum yield of reducing sugars (80.89 g/l), while the maximum yield of ethanol produced under optimized conditions (6 initial pH, 30°C and 71.83 hours of incubation) was 42.98 g/l.
Maize/soybean intercropping improve yield stability in red soil under different phosphate application rates in southwest China
Authors: Tang Li , Zhou Long , Su Lizhen , Zhao Hongmin , Zhao Tilei , Zheng Yi
Published: March 2024

Aims Studying the effects of maize and soybean intercropping for improving maize yield, and maintaining stability of maize yield under different phosphate (P) application rates in red soil is important for promoting the maize productivity, improving soil fertility and optimizing P nutrient management in southwest China. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamic changes of maize yield, yield stability and soil fertility under monoculture and intercropping maize with different P application rates.
Methods A six-year field experiment was conducted from 2017 to 2022 to investigate the effects of maize intercropping with soybean on the yield stability and sustainability of maize according to the changes in maize yield, biomass, Partial land equivalent ratio of yield (pLERY), actual yield loss index (AYL), contribution rate of soil capacity and fertilizer (SCR, SFCR) over time, as well as the differences in coefficient of variation (CV) and sustainable yield index (SYI) at four P application rates (0 kg P ha-1, P0; 60 kg P ha-1, P1; 90 kg P ha-1, P2; and 120 kg P ha-1, P3) based on the two-factor split block design. The linear-platform model was used to simulate the relationship between the grain yield, SYI and the amount of P fertilizer under different P application rates.
Results The maize yield in intercropping was significantly superior to the corresponding maize monoculture throughout the six-year experiments. For all planting years, the yield and biomass of the intercropping was higher than that of the matched monoculture average by 56.0% and 56.1%, respectively. And intercropping had an advantage of pLERY and AYL for maize. Otherwise, intercropping reduced the CV by 30.8% and 39.1%, and increased the SYI by 39.4% and 23.0% in P0 and P3 compared with matched monoculture, respectively. For all planting years, the average SFCR in intercropping treatment was higher than that in monoculture treatment. Linear-plateau model fitted showed that intercropping increased yield and SYI by 19.8% and 40.7% on platform, and reduced P application rate by 37.8% and 11.9% at inflection point, respectively.
Conclusions These results demonstrate that maize and soybean intercropping could achieve higher yield, higher yield stability and SYI with lower P input than monoculture. Maize and soybean intercropping could be a sustainable practice for promoting the maize productivity and the yield sustainability in red soil of southwest China.
The potential role of religiosity and psychological immunity in predicting psychological well-being of diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia within the Bayesian framework
Authors: Eid Nawal A Al , Arnout Boshra A. , Al-Qahtani Thabit A. , Pavlovic Slavica , AlZahrani Mohammed R. , Abdelmotelab Abdalla S. , Abdelmotelab Youssef S. , Freh Fuaad
Published: March 2024

Background:
Previous studies have demonstrated the need for additional research into the influence of religiosity and healthy behaviors on psychological well-being. Currently, there is a gap in the literature regarding the relationship between religiosity, mental immunity, and psychological well-being among individuals with diabetes using the Bayesian Framework. This study sought to explore how factors such as religiosity, mental immunity, and psychological well-being differ based on gender and age among diabetic patients, as well as identify the most significant predictors of psychological well-being within the Bayesian framework.
Method:
The research took place between May 2022 and February 2023, involving 186 Saudi individuals diagnosed with diabetes chosen at random. Once participants agreed, they filled out three scales: R, MI, and PWB. A Bayesian Independent Samples t-test was utilized to test the role of gender and age in R, MI, and PWB, while Bayesian linear regression analysis was employed to determine the predictors of PWB.
Results:
The Bayesian independent samples t-test results strongly support the alternative hypothesis H1, indicating significant differences between male and female diabetic patients in terms of R, MI, and PWB. The Bayesian factor values are greater than 10. (8.338×10+ 23, 1.762×10+ 25, and 1.866×10+ 24), and Cohen's δ of (-1.866, -1.934, -1.884). These results indicated that females with diabetes have higher means of R, MI, and PWB compared to males. However, the results also suggested evidence for the null hypothesis H0 of no differences in R, MI, and PWB among diabetic patients due to age group, with Bayesian factor values (0.176, 0.181, and 0.187) less than 1.00 and small Cohen's δ of (-0.034, -0.050, -0.063). Bayesian linear regression analysis detected strong evidence that the model including MI is the best predictive model (BF10 for mental immunity is 1.00 and for the other two models are 0.07 and 4.249×10− 16) for the PWB of diabetic patients, while there is no evidence that the model including R or the interaction between R and MI is the best predictor of PWB for diabetic patients.
Conclusions:
These findings highlight the need for direct psychological care services for male diabetic patients and the urgent need to enhance IM in diabetic patients to improve their PWB. Furthermore, results recommended that healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia integrate MI interventions into diabetes care programs.
Cold case: COVID-19-triggered type 1 cryoglobulinemia
Authors: Gils Luuk van , Corsten Maarten , Koelman Carin , Bosma Renate , Fijnheer Rob , Mulder Femke , Regelink Josien
Published: March 2024

A 42-year-old male was referred to the internal medicine department because of renal failure and persistent malaise after a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Blood results showed anemia and severe renal insufficiency (hemoglobin of 6.4 mmol/l and a creatinine of 194 umol/l). Additional tests revealed a type I cryoglobulinemia with a cryoprecipitate composed of biclonal IgM (kappa and lambda). Further investigations on the cryoprecipitate revealed that the immunoglobulins were directed against SARS-CoV-2 antigens. In the meanwhile, our patient noticed improvement of his symptoms accompanied by resolution of laboratory abnormalities. Three months later, the cryoglobulin could no longer be detected. Type 1 cryoglobulinemia is usually associated with lymphoproliferative disorders and is characterized by various symptoms caused by cryoprecipitates occluding small blood vessels. This is, to our knowledge, the first case of type I cryoglobulinemia with proven precipitation of SARS-CoV-19 antibodies. COVID-19 induced cryoglobulinemia appears to have a mild disease course and to be self-limiting upon viral clearance.
Optimization and Modeling of the Sustainable Manufacturing Process in CNC Turning of Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V)
Authors: Ingle Sushil V , Raut D N , Patil Amit S
Published: March 2024

Cutting titanium and titanium alloys are very difficult to machined, hence quite challenging. The metal's mechanical, chemical, and physical characteristics can account for it. The material properties like elevated chemical reactivity with less thermal conductivity make titanium and titanium alloys excellent candidates for use as cutting tool materials. The temperature at a tool's cutting edge rises because of its poor heat conductivity. Additionally, titanium alloys' poor machinability is caused by bad modulus of elasticity and strong strength at elevated temperatures [1–14]. Due to its lower elasticity modulus than steel, titanium exhibits higher "springiness." Under pressure from the tool, thin parts frequently deflect, leading to issues like tolerance, chatter and tool rubbing. The tool should be appropriately formed and the overall system should be highly stiff (very sharp). The total absence of a "built-up edge," which results in a elevated shearing angle, is following crucial characteristic in titanium with titanium alloys (absence of a constant mass of metal ahead of the cutting tool). This increases more bearing loads on each unit area and thin chips contacting a very small portion of cutting tool face. Due to the strong bearing force and friction created by the chip, a very specific portion of the cutting tool becomes extremely hot. Typically, components requiring the highest dependability are made of titanium and titanium alloys, therefore surface properties must be preserved. Surface features of the component, such as surface finish and shape, as well as sub-surface properties, such as residual stress, granular plastic flow direction, and surface defects, have vital impact on machining performance of machined parts (porosity, micro-cracks, etc.). The surface polish and integrity attained following machining determine surface quality of machined parts [1–14].
The Taguchi optimization approach is taken for evaluation and prediction in the research area, which concentrates on the ideal CNC cutting conditions for turning titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). Cutting velocity (v), feed rate (f), DOC (d), with rake angle (RA) were chosen as input process variables in turning process, while flank wear (Vb), tool life and surface finish (Ra) were taken into consideration as performance evaluation features. For conducting the tests, the Taguchi L25 orthogonal array (OA) experimental design plan was taken into consideration. According to the outcomes of the conformation tests, the Taguchi analysis that revealed the ideal process parameters greatly enhanced the turning performance when machining titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). The ANOVA findings showed that rake angle and depth of cut significantly affected turning performance in terms of Vb and Ra.
History Matching, Production Forecast Uncertainty, and constraint optimization of an integrated model using the Ensemble Kalman Filter: a Field Application
Authors: Fadaei Mehdi , Ameri Mohammad Javad , Rafiei Yousef
Published: March 2024

The calibration of reservoir models using production data can enhance the reliability of predictions. However, history matching often leads to only a few matched models, and the original geological interpretation is not always preserved. Therefore, there is a need for stochastic methodologies for history matching. The Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) is a well-known Monte Carlo method that updates reservoir models in real time. When new production data becomes available, the ensemble of models is updated accordingly. The initial ensemble is created using the prior model, and the posterior probability function is sampled through a series of updates. In this study, EnKF was employed to evaluate the uncertainty of production forecasts for a specific development plan and to match historical data to a real field reservoir model. This study represents the first attempt to combine EnKF with an integrated model that includes a genuine oil reservoir, actual production wells, a surface choke, a surface pipeline, a separator, and a PID pressure controller. The research optimized a real integrated production system, considering the constraint that there should be no slug flow at the inlet of the separator. The objective function was to maximize the net present value (NPV). Geological data was used to model uncertainty using Sequential Gaussian Simulation. Porosity scenarios were generated, and conditioning the porosity to well data yielded improved results. Ensembles were employed to balance accuracy and efficiency, demonstrating a reduction in porosity uncertainty due to production data. This study revealed that utilizing a PID pressure controller for the production separator can enhance oil production by 59% over 20 years, resulting in the generation of 2.97 million barrels of surplus oil in the field and significant economic gains.
Equivalent consumption minimization strategy Based on Global Optimization of Equivalent Factor for Hybrid Tractor
Authors: Zhu Zhen , Zhang Yihan , Zhang Hongwei , Wang Dehai , Chen Long
Published: March 2024

According to the working condition of high-horsepower tractors, a hydraulic mechanical continuously variable transmission (HMCVT) suitable for plug-in hybrid tractors is designed. Taking the tractor with this transmission as the research object, a global optimization model of equivalent factor is established to improve the control effect of the Equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS); and then used genetic algorithm to optimize the equivalent factor S off-line to obtain the best correction coefficient MAP of different operating mileage and the initial value of battery State of Charge (SOC). Then based on the optimal correction coefficient map, the ECMS strategy based on equivalent factor optimization is established. Considering the efficiency of the power battery, motor and other components, the power distribution between the diesel engine and the motor under the optimal equivalent factor is obtained. The effectiveness of the control strategy is verified by MATLAB/Simulink and hardware-in-the-loop tests, and the fuel economy of tractors is improved by 2.939% and 3.909% respectively in the two tests.
Analysis and Reconstruction Method of Spatial Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Villages Based on Parameterization
Authors: Fan Yong , Li Xuan , Xiao Wen-jie , Wang Di
Published: March 2024

In recent years, the rapid development of computer-aided planning and design technology has provided a new perspective for the study of complex problems such as the generation of architectural complex forms. This study focuses on how to apply parameterization technology to analyze and articulate traditional spatial form composition rules, aiming to minimize reliance on subjective human judgment in the protection and renewal design of the historical style of traditional villages. It aims to establish digital generative design tools to address the challenges of accurately inheriting and innovatively utilizing historical and cultural information in traditional settlements. It introduces how to rely on parameterization technology to analyze the spatial form composition rules, parameter extraction rules, and spatial reconstruction rules of traditional villages, facilitating the complete process from spatial features to parameterization rules, and then to the application of computational methods to deduce spatial features. It also includes case studies demonstrating the application of parameterization technology tools for village protection and explores the role of generative design tools in preserving the spatial style of these settlements.
Trunk Control and Pelvic Angle Variability in People with Stroke during Walking – A Vector Field Analysis
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Wang Lin , Sidarta Ananda , Zhang Jack J.Q. , Fong Kenneth N. K. , Kwong Patrick W.H.
Published: March 2024

Objective
Impairment in trunk control is common in hemiplegic individuals and can largely interfere with gait performance, and the trunk impairment scale (TIS) is widely used to evaluate the ability of trunk control. This study aims to further explore the association between TIS scores and the spine and pelvis movement and its variability during walking using vector field statistics.
Results
The canonical correlation analyses (CCA) were performed to explore the correlation between the 3-dimensional spine or pelvis angle and variability, and the TIS scores in the stance phase and swing phase separately. The CCA showed no significant correlation between the TIS score and the spine’s angle variability and no correlations were found with spine or pelvis angles as well. In contrast, a significant correlation was found between the TIS score and the pelvis angle variability during the early stance phase (P = 0.018) but not in the swing phase.