bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BMSCs-derived exosome miR-29a-3p improved the stability of rat myasthenia gravis by regulating Treg/Th17 cells
Authors: Tang Zhongben , Chen Meiqiu , Chen Chen , Fan Chao , Huang Jiaxian
Published: December 2023

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder mediated by antibodies targeting the acetylcholine receptor. Exosomal-derived miRNAs have been implicated in immune modulation and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, the expression and functional role of exosomal miR-29a-3p in MG remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of miR-29a-3p derived from stem cell exosomes (Exos) on experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) rats. EAMG was induced in rats by injection of the subunit of the rat nicotinic anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) R97-116 peptide. In addition to the control group, EAMG rats were randomly allocated into the following groups: EAMG model group, Exo group, Exo-NC-agomir group, and Exo- miR-29a-3p-agomir group. Our results found that BMSCs-Exo promoted miR-29a-3p expression in gastrocnemius of EAMG rats. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) derived exosome miR-29a-3p improved the hanging ability and swimming time of EMGA rats and weakened the degree of muscle fiber atrophy. Furthermore, exosomes from miR-29a-3p overexpressing BMSCs reduced the content of AchR-Ab in the serum of EAMG rats. BMSC-derived exosome miR-29a-3p further suppressed the expression of IFN-γ and enhanced the expression of IL-4 and IL-10 in the serum of EAMG rats by restoring the Th17/Treg cells balance. Therefore, BMSCs-derived exosome miR-29a-3p improved the stability of rat myasthenia gravis by regulating Treg/Th17 cells. It may be an effective treatment for MG.
Optimizing Medical Care during a Nerve Agent Mass Casualty Incident using Computer Simulation
Authors: De Rouck Ruben , Benhassine Mehdi , Debacker Michel , Utterbeeck Filip Van , Dhondt Erwin , Hubloue Ives
Published: December 2023

Introduction
Chemical mass casualty incidents (MCIs) pose a substantial threat to public health and safety, with the capacity to overwhelm healthcare infrastructure and create societal disorder. Computer simulation systems are becoming an established mechanism to validate these plans due to their versatility, cost-effectiveness and lower susceptibility to ethical problems.
Methods
We created a computer simulation model of an urban subway sarin attack analogous to the 1995 Tokyo sarin incident. We created and combined evacuation, dispersion and victim models with the SIMEDIS computer simulator. We analyzed the effect of several possible approaches such as evacuation policy (‘Scoop and Run’ vs ‘Stay and Play’), three strategies (on-site decontamination and stabilization, off-site decontamination and stabilization, and on-site stabilization with off-site decontamination), preliminary triage, victim distribution methods, transport supervision skill level, and the effect of search and rescue capacity.
Results
Only evacuation policy, strategy and preliminary triage show significant effects on mortality. The total average mortality ranges from 14.7 deaths in the combination of off-site decontamination and Scoop and Run policy with pretriage, to 24 in the combination of onsite decontamination with the Stay and Play and no pretriage.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that in a simulated urban chemical MCI, a Stay and Play approach with on-site decontamination will lead to worse outcomes than a Scoop and Run approach with hospital-based decontamination. Quick transport of victims in combination with on-site antidote administration has the potential to save the most lives, due to faster hospital arrival for definitive care.
Efficient activation of H2O2 by C60/MIL-101(Fe,Cu) composite for degradation of methylene blue under visible light
Authors: Zhou Zhuyou , Ji Yufeng , Wang Yong , Liu Menghe , Xu Ying , Liu Ruijie , Yang Mingjie , Zou Congyang
Published: December 2023

In this study, the carbon-doped bimetallic organic framework C60/MIL-101(Fe,Cu) catalyst was prepared for the first time via solvothermal synthesis method. The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and a series of other instruments. At the same time, methylene blue (MB) was used as the target degradation material to investigate the catalytic performance of H2O2 for MB degradation under visible light. The degradation experiment showed that the removal rate of C60/MIL-101(Fe,Cu) to MB reached 99.2% within 80 min. Furthermore, cyclic experiments demonstrated good stability and reusability of the catalyst. Finally, the degradation mechanism of the reaction was deduced by quenching experiment, UV-vis diffuse reflection and mott-Schottky plots. The results show that hydroxyl radical (·OH) and superoxide radical (·O2-) play a major role in the degradation of MB during photo-Fenton process.
The Potential of CD4+ T cells ATP level to indicate the Progression in NSCLC Patients
Authors: Ye Weipeng , Hou Kailian , tao Na , Li Weiyi , Tan Zhiqiong , Huang Qunfeng , yang Dongheng , Lin Haoxin , Deng Zihao , Xia Yuanyuan , Yu Guifang
Published: December 2023

Purpose
A new immune function assessment method (sATPCD4) has been proposed to monitor the immune suppression status in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after chemotherapy. In this study, we attempted to determine the utility of this functional assay in assessing the risk of disease progression in NSCLC patients.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 89 advanced NSCLC patients who received chemotherapy at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from March 15, 2022, to March 30, 2023. These patients were divided into a disease progression group (PD, n = 21) and a disease stability group (Non-PD, n = 68). Clinical data between the two groups were compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to determine the thresholds of baseline peripheral blood parameters for predicting disease progression occurrence. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the relationship between peripheral blood markers and the incidence of disease progression.
Results
After chemotherapy, there were significant differences in the mean values of WBC, nATPCD4, and sATP CD4 between patients who experienced disease progression (PD) and those who remained stable (Non-PD) (P < 0.05). In the PD group, sATPCD4 levels significantly decreased post-chemotherapy, while in the Non-PD group, sATPCD4 levels showed an increase. The threshold for predicting disease progression after chemotherapy, as determined by ROC analysis, was 224.5 ng/ml (AUC = 0.887, 95% CI, 0.811–0.963). Patients in the low-immunity group (ATP < 224.5 ng/ml) were more likely to experience disease progression compared to the high-immunity group (ATP > 224.5 ng/ml) (P < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that sATPCD4 levels were an independent predictor of disease progression in NSCLC patients
Conclusions
Immune function testing has the potential to assess the risk of disease progression in NSCLC patients
The Predictive Role of Neutrophil-Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio (NPAR) in Cancer Mortality: Insights from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Li Xinyang , Wu Meng , Chen Minxin , Liu Rufei , Tao Qingxu , Hu Yun , Yu Jinming , Chen Dawei
Published: December 2023

Background
Neutrophils interact with tumor cells, potentially exacerbating cancer progression, Concurrently, diminished albumin levels are indicative of a poor cancer prognosis. The neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) has been used in prognostic assessments of non-cancerous diseases, yet its relationship with cancer mortality remains unexplored. Therefore, we explored the correlation between NPAR and both cancer incidence and mortality, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES).
Methods
This study leveraged comprehensive NHANES data spanning 2005–2016. We analyzed the relationship between NPAR and cancer incidence and mortality using weighted Logistic and Cox regression models, alongside trend test. Restricted cubic spline analysis was employed to investigate NPAR’s nonlinear relationship with cancer mortality. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was utilized on NHANES and institutional clinical data to assess patient prognoses across varying NPAR levels.
Results
Elevated NPAR was significantly correlated with increased cancer mortality risk in the adjusted model (p < 0.05), with higher NPAR values correlating with greater risk (p-trend < 0.05). However, no significant association between NPAR and cancer incidence was observed (p > 0.05). Our analysis further identified a non-linear relationship between NPAR and cancer mortality (p-nonlinear < 0.05). The relationship is characterized by an optimal NPAR value, correlating with the lowest hazard ratio (HR). Deviations from this optimal NPAR result in increased cancer mortality risk (p < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated superior survival rates in patients with lower NPAR values compared to those with higher NPAR values (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Our findings indicate a positive correlation between NPAR and cancer mortality risk, independent of cancer incidence. NPAR emerges as a promising biomarker for predicting cancer mortality, warranting further validation through prospective studies.
Structural, spectral and dielectric properties of PVDF-HFP/Cobalt ferrite composite films
Authors: Gunti Himanandini , Simhachalam Narendra Babu , Pola Someshwar
Published: December 2023

PVDF-HFP/CFO composite films consisting of a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) copolymer as the ferroelectric matrix and cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4, CFO) nanoparticles as the ferromagnetic component were fabricated using a solution casting method. The CFO nanoparticles were synthesized using the coprecipitation approach, followed by calcination at a temperature of 850°C to obtain the pure phase. To fabricate PVDF-HFP/CFO composite films, CFO nanoparticles were loaded into PVDF-HFP with different weight % values ranging from 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40.The fabricated PVDF-HFP/CFO composite films were subjected to analysis in terms of their structural, morphological, spectral and dielectric properties. The CFO phase formation and its loading in composites was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the surface morphology of the synthesized compounds was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The XRD analysis suggested the presence of the \(\beta\)-phase in PVDF-HFP as well as in the composites. The SEM micrographs revealed the spherulite morphology of the PVDF-HFP/CFO composites. The Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) measurement results displayed the presence of the \(\beta\)-phase, and the peak related to the \(\beta\)-phase showed an increase upto 20% CFO loading, which also reflects the enhancement of the dielectric constant. UV-Visible absorption spectra were employed to find the direct bandgap energy of the polymer composites using Tauc’s relation. The room temperature dielectric constant measurements displayed a dielectric constant value of 9.5 (PVDF-HFP), which increased to 80.82 (20% CFO-loaded composite) and later decreased as the CFO loading increased. The results were discussed in detail.
Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island Intensity-A Case Study of Larkana City, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Lanjwani Muhammad Umar , Lanjwani Muhammad Farooque , Hussain Muhammad , Sodhar Khalida
Published: December 2023

The climate change is one of the important problems of the current situation in the world. The urban heat island intensity is a major problem of increasing the climate conditions in developed and underdeveloped countries. In the current situation, the growth of the population in Pakistan causes overpopulation in the cities. The population of Larkana has been increasing rapidly day by day. The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of Urbanization on the Climate. In this proposed research study, two types of data were collected (i) satellite data which was downloaded from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from 1990 and 2023. (ii) Second was from secondary sources data was collected from the Pakistan Statistics Bureau. The land surface temperature was found from satellite data from 1990 to 2023 and that comparison to each other. The temperature in 2000 was 4.25 0C more than the 1990 summer season temperature and in 2023 was 4.73 0C above than 2023 summer season temperature. The temperature in 2000 was 3.15 0C greater than 1990 in winter season temperature and in 2022 was 1 0C higher than 2010 in winter season temperature. Recently census reported above 735,210 populations lived in the Tehsil of Larkana. The shape file of the Larkana classification total area showed 41 Square kilometers. The supervised classification showed that settlement increased from 8 Square kilometers in 1990 to 23 Square kilometers in 2023. The correlation was shown between urban expansion and the growth of population strongly positive to each other. Another finding relationship between urban heat islands with urban expansion that correlation showed a positive relationship between each other.
A Novel MCDM method using Gradual similarity degree with tie braking technique for preference ranking in Pythagorean hesitant fuzzy environment
Authors: Arya Priyanshu , Pal A. K.
Published: December 2023

Multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) plays a vital role in the process of prioritizing preferences. However, the inherent subjectivity in human decision-making inevitably introduces ambiguity into the MCDM process. To address this uncertainty and vagueness, the concept of hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PHFS) has been developed, offering a means to incorporate hesitation and presenting various intriguing theoretical and practical properties as a generalization of Pythagorean fuzzy sets. In this study, we propose a novel MCDM method that effectively tackles this problem by calculating the loss value and goodness value of each alternative using similar sets within the PHFS domain. The proposed approach combines the loss value and goodness value using an aggregate operator, wherein the goodness value is determined by the Gradual Similarity degree, and a score function is employed to determine the final ranking. Additionally, we introduce a new tie-breaking method for cases of a tie condition. To demonstrate the viability of our approach, we consider two real-world instance problems and compare the findings with those of the Fuzzy TOPSIS method and other existing methods. The results indicate that our proposed approach outperforms the other methods, clearly demonstrating the effectiveness and practicality of the developed MCDM method. In conclusion, this paper presents a novel MCDM method that incorporates hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy sets, effectively addressing ambiguity and subjectivity in the decision-making process. The application of our approach to real-world problems and its comparison with existing methods confirm its effectiveness and practicality, contributing to the advancement of reliable and accurate decision-making techniques in the presence of uncertainty and subjectivity.
Using chatbots to develop multiple-choice questions. We got evidence, but we ain't there yet!
Authors: Flores-Cohaila Javier A. , Calderón C. Daniel Ramirez , Castro-Blancas C. Iris , Vela-Pandal Ericka , Cruz-Galán Janith Paola de la , Bustamante-Ordoñez Marina A. , Vizcarra-Jiménez Sonia , Copaja-Corzo Cesar , Gutierrez-Arratia Jesus D.
Published: December 2023

Developing accessible assessment tools is crucial for educators. Traditional methods demand significant resources such as time and expertise. Therefore, an accessible, user-friendly approach is needed. Traditional assessment creation faces challenges, however, new solutions like automatic item generation have emerged. Despite their potential, they still require expert knowledge. ChatGPT and similar chatbots offer a novel approach in this field. Our study evaluates the validity of MCQs generated by chatbots under the Kane validity framework. We focused on the top ten topics in Infectious and Tropical diseases, chosen based on epidemiological data and expert evaluations. These topics were transformed into learning objectives for chatbots like GPT-4, BingAI, and Claude to generate MCQs. Each chatbot produced 10 MCQs, which were subsequently refined. We compared 30 chatbot-generated MCQs with 10 from a Peruvian medical examination. The participants included 48 medical students and doctors from Peru. Our analysis revealed that the quality of chatbot-generated MCQs is consistent with those created by humans. This was evident in scoring inferences, with no significant differences in difficulty and discrimination indexes. In conclusion, chatbots appear to be a viable tool for creating MCQs in the field of infectious and tropical diseases in Peru. Although our study confirms their validity, further research is necessary to optimize their use in educational assessments.
Population variation and polymorphism of the Cotton Pink Bollworm Pectinophoragossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) using Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) as molecular marker
Authors: salah hanan
Published: December 2023

The most common pest infesting Egyptian cotton plants is the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Intensive insecticide applications required for effective control in production season, ensuing insecticide resistance problems. Some investigation ideas were floating for sponsored management. Thus, PCR based examination of pest population DNA diversity athrough differentiation using eight Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) primers screening for genetic diversity and population differentiation between some Egyptian field populations Sharkia, Benisuef and Fayoum, based on similarity in the pattern of SDS-page bands. We detected 117 loci with an average population polymorphism of 97.64%. Genetic distance and similarity between groups were calculated and UPMGA phylogenetic tree were constructed and the primer efficiency were calculated. Principal component, correspondence analysis and AMOVA results revealed great variance between populations. Population features analysis provided moderate level of gene flow. Infinite diversity distinguished by Fixation index Fst across the genotypes in addition to number of identified alleles (Na) the effective number of alleles (Ne). Estimated Shannon’s index (I) procedures of calculations completed as inter-population differences and Nei’s genetic diversity (h) and Eveness plus the estimated diversity and species richness. All results indicates a high level of genetic variation exists among the three geographical sample populations of the same pest.
The Model View Controller as a Functional Reactive Program
Authors: Alam Abu , Bush Vicky J.
Published: December 2023

The Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern is very useful and widely used for implementing systems with user interfaces in object-oriented programming languages. However, implementation of an MVC system in state-based languages (including object-oriented languages) limits the ability to naturally achieve some important aspects of software engineering, such as unit testing, debugging, expressiveness, concurrency, machine assisted proofs and optimizations. The Functional Reactive Programming (FRP) framework elegantly implements reactive systems (including those with user interfaces) in a purely functional manner. We demonstrate how the MVC design pattern closely matches the FRP framework. We show how it is possible to straightforwardly implement the MVC in a purely functional way in the FRP framework, thus gaining the advantages of both the MVC design pattern and FRP.
Accumulation and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments from Dredged Tributaries and Creeks of River Ethiope, South-South, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, 330105 Abraka, Nigeria, O.B. Eyenubo , J.O. Ikpefan ,   Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, 330105 Abraka, Nigeria, V.O. Peretomode ,   Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, 330105 Abraka, Nigeria, F. Egharevba ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Ambrose Alli University, 310103 Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria, S.A. Osakwe ,   Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Edwin Clark University, 333116 Kiagbodo, Delta State, Nigeria, O.G. Avwioro ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, 330105 Abraka, Nigeria
Published: December 2023

The presence of heavy metals in rivers in the Niger Delta region has become a source of concern due to its associated health challenges. The present study was conducted to assess the risk of heavy metal accumulation in surface sediments obtained from creeks and dredged tributaries of the River Ethiope, Delta State, South-South, Nigeria. Heavy metals in the sediments were extracted using the three-step sequential extraction method of the European Commission Standard Measurement and Testing Program. The heavy metals; magnesium (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and barium (Ba) were quantified by employing inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Assessment of the extent of sediment contamination was carried out by determining the contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (Cd), modified degree of contamination (mCd), pollution load index (PLI), ecological risk factor (Er), potential ecological risk index (PI) and geo accumulation index (1 geo). Pearson’s correlation coefficient and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to determine the sources and the relationship between pollutants across sediments. The values of heavy metals ranged from 12.5 mg kg–1–116 mg kg–1 and 21.6 mg kg–1–71.1 mg kg–1 in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The trend of heavy metals for risk index (RI) in this study is Cd > Pb > Cr > Co > Zn > Cu > Mn (wet season) and Cu > Cd > Pb > Zn > Cr > Mn > Co = As (dry season). It showed that heavy metal pollution was a result of Cd for extreme contamination, while moderate to high contamination levels were due to Pb and Cu. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis and PCA displayed strong positive loadings for Mn, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd across seasons as a result of high contamination levels in the study sites. The pollution load index revealed that the sediments were polluted by the metals, and the mean and median analyses revealed that the metals datasets were normally distributed, except for Cu with an irregular distribution.
Comparison of cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega for ordinal data: Are they different?
Authors: ORÇAN Fatih
Published: December 2023

Among all, Cronbach’s Alpha and McDonald’s Omega are commonly used for reliability estimations. The alpha uses inter-item correlations while omega is based on a factor analysis result. This study uses simulated ordinal data sets to test whether the alpha and omega produce different estimates. Their performances were compared according to the sample size, number of items, and deviance from tau equivalence. Based on the result, the alpha and omega had similar results, except for the small sample size, the smaller number of items, and the low factor loading values. When there were 5 or more items in the scale and factor analysis which the omega was calculated from showed fit to the data set, using omega over alpha could be preferred. Also, as the number of items exceeds 5, the alpha and omega differences disappear. Since calculating the alpha is easier compared to the omega (omega requires fitting a factor model first) using alpha over omega can also be suggested. However, when the number of items and the correlations among the items were small, omega performed worse than alpha. Therefore, alpha should be used for the reliability estimations.
An examplary application of mathematics teaching based on formative assessment
Authors: ÖZCAN Hilal , KURTULUŞ Aytaç
Published: December 2023

Mathematics, by nature, has a spiral structure. The fact that the students fail to acquire an achievement in the mathematics course negatively affects other achievements. Therefore, students' mathematics failure continues exponentially. In this context, it is important to identify and eliminate students’ weaknesses, if any, with the formative assessments in the learning process. The present study aimed to improve the success level of the students with the formative assessment-based teaching practice about circle and circular region in secondary school seventh-grade mathematics teaching and implement an exemplary application for formative assessment-based teaching.
Since the study sought to evaluate the learning process of the students and eliminate the weaknesses identified in the process, an action research design, one of the methods of qualitative research, was used. The study was carried out with 34 seventh-grade secondary school students. Data were collected and analyzed descriptively through observation, interview and various formative assessment tools used in the process. At the end of the three-week implementation period, substantial improvement was observed in the achievements of low and medium-achieving students, and the overall success of the students changed positively at the end of the process.
Type I error and power rates: A comparative analysis of techniques in differential item functioning
Authors: BİLİCİOĞLU GÜNEŞ Ayşe , BIÇAK Bayram
Published: December 2023

The main purpose of this study is to examine the Type I error and statistical power ratios of Differential Item Functioning (DIF) techniques based on different theories under different conditions. For this purpose, a simulation study was conducted by using Mantel-Haenszel (MH), Logistic Regression (LR), Lord’s χ2, and Raju’s Areas Measures techniques. In the simulation-based research model, the two-parameter item response model, group’s ability distribution, and DIF type were the fixed conditions while sample size (1800, 3000), rates of sample size (0.50, 1), test length (20, 80) and DIF- containing item rate (0, 0.05, 0.10) were manipulated conditions. The total number of conditions is 24 (2x2x2x3), and statistical analysis was performed in the R software. The current study found that the Type I error rates in all conditions were higher than the nominal error level. It was also demonstrated that MH had the highest error rate while Raju’s Areas Measures had the lowest error rate. Also, MH produced the highest statistical power rates. The analysis of the findings of Type 1 error and statistical power rates illustrated that techniques based on both of the theories performed better in the 1800 sample size. Furthermore, the increase in the sample size affected techniques based on CTT rather than IRT. Also, the findings demonstrated that the techniques’ Type 1 error rates were lower while their statistical power rates were higher under conditions where the test length was 80, and the sample sizes were not equal.
Role of Interior Designers to Humanistic Design throughout a Framework of Social and Community Activities
Authors: Jonatan Lisa , Maximillian Arnold , Chandrahera Yuma
Published: December 2023

Seorang desainer interior, memiliki peran konkret untuk memberikan perancangan bersifat humanis sebagai solusi atas permasalahan sosial yang muncul. Tindakan ini tercermin dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan bersama Yayasan Buddha Tzu Chi Bandung pada proyek kemanusiaan. Proyek ini merupakan bagian dari program Merdeka Belajar - Kampus Merdeka yang dilakukan oleh Universitas Kristen Maranatha. Permasalahan awal yang muncul dalam proyek kemanusiaan ini adalah tidak adanya pendampingan dalam konteks desain, sehingga hasil luaran sering kali menjadi tidak ideal jika dilihat dari sisi humanis penggunanya. Agar dapat diperoleh hasil yang ideal, maka perlu dilakukan pengaplikasian kaidah, aturan, dan prinsip desain ke dalam perancangan ruang interior. Metode dalam kegiatan ini adalah pendampingan melalui difusi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, berupa dukungan dalam menciptakan desain ruang yang bertujuan untuk memberikan kemudahan aktivitas kegiatan dan ruang hunian yang layak. Hasil dari kegiatan ini berupa tata letak dan zonasi ruang dalam kegiatan bakti sosial pengobatan degeneratif serta desain rumah sehat pada salah satu lingkungan padat penduduk di Kota Bandung.
PELATIHAN UNTUK PEMBERDAYAAN PROMOSI UMKM BINAAN BUMDES SERDANG TIRTA KENCANA KECAMATAN LEGOK, KABUPATEN TANGERANG
Authors: Purba Florensa Rosani , Putra Adirinekso Gidion , Marvianta YB. Andre , Assa Adrie F.
Published: December 2023

Salah satu permasalahan yang terdapat di BUMDes Serdang Tirta Kencana, Desa Serdang Wetan adalah bagaimana UMKM bisa lebih maju, selain mengembangkan pemanfaatan Embung sebagai upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar.  Upaya yang dilakukan di Pk Mini hanyalah bagian dari beberapa rencana pemberdayaan peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan BUMDes STK.  Promosi melalui media sosial merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan pendapatan mereka.  Oleh karena itu, pelatihan dilakukan untuk memotret produk dan video yang akan digunakan untuk mempromosikan produk mereka. Respon dan respon yang antusias itu sangat nyata. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan persiapan sebelum pelatihan, pelaksanaan pelatihan, hingga hasil foto dan video yang dihasilkan.  Kolaborasi untuk memajukan UMKM dan BUMDes menjadi dasar kuat bagi masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi dalam pembangunan peningkatan kesejahteraannya.
Hyperbolic string tadpole
Authors: Firat Atakan Hilmi
Published: December 2023

Hyperbolic geometry on the one-bordered torus is numerically uniformized using Liouville theory. This geometry is relevant for the hyperbolic string tadpole vertex describing the one-loop quantum corrections of closed string field theory. We argue that the Lamé equation, upon fixing its accessory parameter via Polyakov conjecture, provides the input for the characterization. The explicit expressions for the Weil-Petersson metric as well as the local coordinates and the associated vertex region for the tadpole vertex are given in terms of classical torus conformal blocks. The relevance of this vertex for vacuum shift computations in string theory is highlighted.
Belleğin Açılımlarında Sanatta Ev Kavramını Yeniden Okumak
Authors: Işıktaş İmre Deniz , Boz Sülüşoğlu Gamze
Published: December 2023

Ev geçmişten günümüze gelen süreçte sadece temel ihtiyaçların karşılandığı bir alandan evrilerek duygusal ve zihinsel bir olgu olarak ele alınmaktadır. Psikanaliz ile ev kavramı açıklanırken anne bedeni, rahim içi varoluşta bireyin ilk evi olarak düşünülebildiği gibi bireyin kendi bedeni de içinde yaşanılan ev olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir. Bellek ve evin ilişkisi çeşitli açılardan incelendiğinde evin bölümleri ve içerisindeki nesnelerle kurulan ilişkilerin belleği besleyen yapılar olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmada bellek, kimlik, aidiyet, güven gibi unsurlar, eve dair izlenimleri örneklendiren sanat yapıtları aracılığı ile açıklanmıştır. Bu açıdan sanat, tüm gündelikliği ile evi bir kavram olarak ele almaya ve onun anlamını genişletmeye aracı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın sanatın izlenebilir bir zeminde eve dair söylemlerle, evin zihinsel varlığını güçlendirerek ona yeni açılımlar getirmesi bununla da literatüre katkı yapması beklenmektedir.
NEUROBIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF COMBINED EXPOSURE TO THE RADIATION AND GRAVITATIONAL FACTORS OF INTERPLANETARY MISSION IN MODEL EXPERIMENTS: RESULTS AND OUTLOOK
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shtemberg A.S. , Perevezentsev А.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Lebedeva-Georgievskaya K.B. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kudrin V.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Belyaeva A.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kuznetsova O.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: December 2023

The review is devoted to the most critical and yet least studied neurobiological effects of combined exposure to the radiation and gravitational factors in space exploration missions. The authors present the data of own multiyear investigations in this area, including the neurobiological responses of the central nervous system to synchronous combined exposure to ionizing radiation of varying quality modeling some types of galactic cosmic radiation and modeled microgravity in laboratory experiments with rats and primates using an original model. Neurobiological effects were explored in different levels of CNS organization from molecular to integrative (behavior of animals). The investigations point to the consequences of prolonged exposure, typological characteristics of animals, and complicated character of interaction of the factors under study.
THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF GRAVISENSITIVITY: FROM CELLS TO EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Andreeva E.R. , Yakubetz D.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Buravkova L.B. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: December 2023

Gravity deprivation is one of the major risk factors in spaceflight. Medical and biological studies show that as a result of prolonged exposure to weightlessness, astronauts and cosmonauts experience unfavorable changes in many physiological systems (loss of bone mass, muscle atrophy, cardiovascular insufficiency, sensorimotor coordination disorders, etc.). Physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of response to microgravity exposure at different levels of organization (molecular, cellular, tissue, organismal) and subsequent adaptation are actively studied. Under the conditions of the constantly acting terrestrial gravitational field, multicellular organisms have formed a multicomponent mechanoreceptor apparatus including cellular (nucleo- and cytoskeletal skeleton) and extracellular (connective tissue matrix) mechanosensitive elements. The coordination of these compartments is carried out by specialized protein complexes, forming a mechanoreceptor unit. When the Earth's gravity is removed, this unit will be the basis for adaptation processes, acting as a kind of complex gravity receptor. Ground-based simulations are particularly important to elucidate the mechanisms that provide the response to microgravity, as flight limitations do not allow large-scale studies in space. In this review, we analyze the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of gravity sensiing and the cellular response to microgravity under both real and simulated microgravity environments and discuss the directions for further research in this area.
STUDIES OF THE HUMAN CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM WITH THE USE OF ULTRASONIC METHODS IN SPACE MISSIONS: MAIN RESULTS AND FORWARD RESEARCHES
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Fomina G.A. , Salnikov A.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Koloteva M.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: December 2023

Integral ultrasonic investigations of cosmonauts' cardiovascular system (echocardiography, 2D-echography and dopplerography of vessels) at relative rest and studies of the hemodynamic reaction to LBNP (dopplerography of the brain and femoral arteries) were performed with participation of 26 cosmonauts before launch, during missions (8 to 438 days in duration) and after landing. Overall, more than 200 investigations were made at rest and 124 during the LBNP test. It was found that in microgravity the antigravity vascular tone regulation gradually becomes useless. Absence of gravitational stimuli leads to weakening of arterial resistance in all vascular regions below the heart level, blood displacement toward the areas with low vascular resistance, venostasis in the cervicocephalic and abdominal regions, and increase of leg veins capacity and compliance. However, the vital hemodynamic parameters, such as the pump function of the heart, blood supply to the brain, blood pressure and HR remain stable even during a long period in microgravity. Results of USI conducted during the LBNP test imitating the orthostatic blood distribution evidence that the femoral arteries resistance to blood displacement toward the leg arteries degrades progressively as mission continues. Degradation of the vasoconstrictive ability of leg arteries and increase of leg venous capacity and compliance are responsible for the orthostatic instability developing in space. Simultaneous recording of blood flow in the brain and femoral arteries is used to evaluate the reaction of hemodynamics to real and imitated orthostatic effects and to detect initial symptoms of orthostatic instability. The technique can be useful in designing novel methods for preventing orthostatic instability, and controlling their effectiveness.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WALKING CHARACTERISTICS IN SPACEFLIGHT CONDITIONS: ACTIVE AND PASSIVE MODES OF TREADMILL OPERATION
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Saveko А.А. , Rukavishnikov I.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Lysova N.Yu. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Grishin A.P. ,   Gagarin Research and Test Cosmonaut Training, Star City, Moscow region, Yarmanova E.N. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Tomilovskaya E.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: December 2023

Walking and running on treadmill BD-2 in the active and passive modes are the core of the Russian countermeasure system on board the International space station (ISS). In the active mode, the belt moves owing to the electric drive and in the passive mode the cosmonaut makes the belt move with the help of leg force. One of the primary goals of this investigation is better understanding of the physiological aspects of these training sessions. Purpose of the investigation is comparative analysis of biomechanical and electromyographic characteristics of walking in long-term space missions (SM) using the BD-2 active and passive modes. The investigation involved 22 cosmonauts at the age of 45.7 ± 4.7 yrs. in the course of 115- to 340-day missions to the ISS. The cosmonauts performed the locomotion test monthly (no less than 4 times). Two sessions of the investigation were conducted prior to launch and two sessions on days 8 and 12 in the period of post-flight recovery. Protocol of the locomotion test (3-min walking) was performed twice, i.e. in the active and passive modes. Walking biomechanics was assessed using the podogram recorded with pressure cells built in sensing insoles. Electromyographic activity of the next four muscles was measured simultaneously: anterior tibial muscle, soleus, lateral gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscle of the thigh. Results demonstrate greater values of support reactions and electromyographic activity of the gravity-dependent soleus m. in the passive mode as compared to the active mode in all test sessions. This can be, probably, explained by a tighter foot contact with the treadmill belt in the passive mode and, as a consequence, increased intensity of support afferentation signals. It is notable that this difference grows in microgravity.
Cálculos de Capacidad de Carga en lagunas de Crianza de Salmonideos
Authors: Solar Igor
Published: December 2023

Uno de los problemas que con frecuencia se plantea el piscicultor en el manejo de pileta o lagunas de crianza de peces, es la cantidad de individuos que sus instalaciones pueden contener en buenas condiciones. Estas condiciones dicen relación con dosaspectos principales: el aspecto ecológico, referente al conjunto de factores ambientales como temperatura del agua, su contenido de O2 y minerales, volumen <Ie la laguna, flujo del canal aductor, frecuencia de cambios de agua, reúso del agua, etc. (Leitritz, 1962) y que afectan la sobrevivencia de la población en crianza y que limitan la carga de peces en cultivo en lagunas de piscicultura y elaspecto económico, referente a la utilización intensa de las instalaciones, a fin de lograr una relación costo-beneficio y tasa de rentabilidad, tan favorables como sea posible.
The Frequency of Design Studies Targeting People With Psychotic Symptoms and Features in Mental Health Care Innovation: Secondary Analysis of a Systematic Review
Authors: Veldmeijer Lars , Terlouw Gijs , Van Os Jim , Van 't Veer Job , Boonstra Nynke
Published: December 2023

This study examined and reflected on the frequency of people with psychotic symptoms and features as the target population in design studies for mental health care innovation.
Manifestations and Outcomes of Intracerebral Hemorrhage During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: Multicenter, Longitudinal Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wan Yan , He Quan Wei , Chen Shaoli , Li Man , Xia Yuanpeng , Zhang Lei , Sun Zhou , Chen Xiaolu , Wang David , Chang Jiang , Hu Bo
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has inevitably affected the distribution of medical resources, and epidemic lockdowns have had a significant impact on the nursing and treatment of patients with other acute diseases, including intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the manifestations and outcomes of patients with ICH.

METHODS

Patients with acute ICH before (December 1, 2018-November 30, 2019) and during (December 1, 2019-November 30, 2020) the COVID-19 pandemic at 31 centers in China from the Chinese Cerebral Hemorrhage: Mechanism and Intervention (CHEERY) study were entered into the analysis. Demographic information and clinical manifestations and outcomes were collected and compared between the 2 groups.

RESULTS

From December 1, 2018, to November 30, 2020, a total of 3460 patients with ICH from the CHEERY study were enrolled and eventually analyzed. The results showed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with ICH were more likely to be older (P<.001) with a history of ischemic stroke (P=.04), shorter time from onset to admission (P<.001), higher blood pressure (P<.001), higher fasting blood glucose (P=.003), larger hematoma volume (P<.001), and more common deep ICH (P=.01) and intraventricular hemorrhage (P=.02). These patients required more intensive care unit treatment (P<.001) and preferred to go to the hospital directly rather than call an ambulance (P<.001). In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increased risk of pulmonary infection during hospitalization (adjusted risk ratio [RRadjusted] 1.267, 95% CI 1.065-1.509), lower probability of a 3-month good outcome (RRadjusted 0.975, 95% CI 0.956-0.995), and a higher probability of in-hospital (RRadjusted 3.103, 95% CI 2.156-4.465), 1-month (RRadjusted 1.064, 95% CI 1.042-1.087), and 3-month (RRadjusted 1.069, 95% CI 1.045-1.093) mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study indicated that the cloud of COVID-19 has adversely impacted the presentation and outcomes of ICH. Medical workers may pay more attention to patients with ICH, while the public should pay more attention to hypertension control and ICH prevention.

CLINICALTRIAL

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900020872; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojEN.html?proj=33817
Comparison of Polysomnography, Single-Channel Electroencephalogram, Fitbit, and Sleep Logs in Patients With Psychiatric Disorders: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kawai Keita , Iwamoto Kunihiro , Miyata Seiko , Okada Ippei , Fujishiro Hiroshige , Noda Akiko , Nakagome Kazuyuki , Ozaki Norio , Ikeda Masashi
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Sleep disturbances are core symptoms of psychiatric disorders. Although various sleep measures have been developed to assess sleep patterns and quality of sleep, the concordance of these measures in patients with psychiatric disorders remains relatively elusive.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the degree of agreement among 3 sleep recording methods and the consistency between subjective and objective sleep measures, with a specific focus on recently developed devices in a population of individuals with psychiatric disorders.

METHODS

We analyzed 62 participants for this cross-sectional study, all having data for polysomnography (PSG), Zmachine, Fitbit, and sleep logs. Participants completed questionnaires on their symptoms and estimated sleep duration the morning after the overnight sleep assessment. The interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to evaluate the consistency between sleep parameters obtained from each instrument. Additionally, Bland-Altman plots were used to visually show differences and limits of agreement for sleep parameters measured by PSG, Zmachine, Fitbit, and sleep logs.

RESULTS

The findings indicated a moderate agreement between PSG and Zmachine data for total sleep time (ICC=0.46; P<.001), wake after sleep onset (ICC=0.39; P=.002), and sleep efficiency (ICC=0.40; P=.006). In contrast, Fitbit demonstrated notable disagreement with PSG (total sleep time: ICC=0.08; wake after sleep onset: ICC=0.18; sleep efficiency: ICC=0.10) and exhibited particularly large discrepancies from the sleep logs (total sleep time: ICC=–0.01; wake after sleep onset: ICC=0.05; sleep efficiency: ICC=–0.02). Furthermore, subjective and objective concordance among PSG, Zmachine, and sleep logs appeared to be influenced by the severity of the depressive symptoms and obstructive sleep apnea, while these associations were not observed between the Fitbit and other sleep instruments.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study results suggest that Fitbit accuracy is reduced in the presence of comorbid clinical symptoms. Although user-friendly, Fitbit has limitations that should be considered when assessing sleep in patients with psychiatric disorders.
The use of Bamboo in construction: a sustainable alternativ
Authors: Cunha Cleysson Márcio Guimarães da , Machado Priscila Alves da Silva
Published: December 2023

The civil construction sector, responsible for the movement of billions of reais, demonstrates a substantial economic impact in Brazil. However, this impact is accompanied by the high consumption of natural resources and the generation of waste. Faced with growing environmental awareness and the need to reduce impacts arising from this nature, interest in sustainable alternatives arises, with emphasis on bamboo, due to its remarkable resistance, characteristics and rapid growth. This work proposes to investigate the perspectives of using bamboo in construction and identify strategies for its effective adoption, considering economic, sustainable and regulatory aspects.
La primera escultura de Benito Juárez en la capital de Oaxaca: realización, cambio de emplazamiento, discurso y resignificación, 1872-1897
Authors: García Jiménez Selene del Carmen
Published: December 2023

Durante el gobierno de Luis Mier y Terán, la ciudad de Oaxaca comenzó a vestir sus espacios públicos con esculturas que representaban a héroes locales. Benito Juárez García fue la primera figura eternizada en bronce. Los objetivos de este artículo son abordar el momento político en el cual se realizó la escultura del Benemérito elaborada por Miguel Noreña en 1885, los símbolos de su pedestal, el lugar que ocupó dentro del espacio público de la capital oaxaqueña, la controversia que se generó por su traslado a Guelatao en 1895, la respuesta que los habitantes dieron a la estatua y la nueva escultura de Juárez que se erigió en la ciudad sureña. El estudio de este caso permite acercarnos a la escultura como otro elemento desplegado por los gobiernos, en este caso el de Oaxaca, en mi opinión, para secularizar los espacios públicos, pero también para construir un discurso colectivo de la historia de la entidad a través de héroes locales, proceso que se estaba dando en otros países de América Latina.