bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entegre Edilmiş Bulanık SWARA ve Bulanık TOPSIS Yöntemleri ile Spor Okulu Seçimi
Authors: DUMAN Eyüp Anıl
Published: December 2022

Teknolojinin ilerlemesi ve şehir sokaklarındaki oyun alanlarının azalması, evlerine kapanmış yeni bir neslin ortaya çıkmasına neden oldu. Bu durum karşısında aileler de çocuklarını evden çıkarabilmek için alternatif arayışına girdiler. 12 Dev Adam, Potanın Perileri ve Filenin Sultanları gibi akılda kalıcı sloganlarıyla basketbol ve voleybolda gelen milli takım zaferleri, hem çocukları hem de velileri bu sporlara çekiyor. Oluşan bu ilgi sonucunda basketbol ve voleybol eğitimi veren spor kulüplerinin sayısı da önemli ölçüde artmakta. Sadece İstanbul'da iki yüzün üzerinde spor kulübünün faaliyet göstermektedir. Bazı düzenlemeler yapılmış olmasına rağmen, ülkemizde bu kulüplerin kontrol edilmesi ve değerlendirilmesi için hala bir sistem bulunmamaktadır. Bunun sonucu olarak, verilen eğitimin kalitesi kulüpler arasında önemli ölçüde farklılık göstermektedir. Eğitim kalitesine ek olarak, velilerin kulübün aylık aidatları ve antrenman sahası ile evleri arasındaki mesafe gibi diğer faktörleri de değerlendirmeleri gerekmektedir. Bütün bunlar birleşince veliler güvenebilecekleri ve çocuklarının spor yapmayı öğrenecekleri doğru kulübü seçme konusunda zorlanmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, velileri bu karar sürecinde desteklemektir. Seçimde birden fazla faktörün etkili olması ve alternatif sayısının fazla olması nedeniyle çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) stratejilerinin bu problem için uygun olduğu düşünülmüştür. Uzmanlarla ile yapılan görüşmeler sonucu kulüp seçimi için önemli olduğu düşünülen dört kriter belirlenmiş olup bu kriterlerin göreceli önem ağırlıkları ÇKKV metotlarından bulanık SWARA (Step Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) yöntemiyle hesaplanmıştır. Ardından bir diğer ÇKKV metodu olan Bulanık TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) yöntemi ile de en uygun kulüp seçilmiştir.
Comparative study on the effectiveness of intralesional Measles, Mumps, and Rubella vaccine and intralesional vitamin D3 injection in the treatment of verruca
Authors:   Department of Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy, Kamineni Academy of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad-500068, India, Babu Thambisetti Naresh , Sneha Kota , Ramadevi Birudala , Ramadas Kuna , Pujitha Bangaru Bhavani
Published: December 2022

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of verruca and is contagious, recurrent, and recalcitrant due to defects in cell-mediated immunity. No single mode of treatment is completely effective. The most commonly used treatment options are destructive and lead to scarring. The emerging new modality of treatment is immunotherapy, which acts by enhancing cell-mediated immunity (CMI) against HPV to clear treated as well as remote warts. Objectives: The objective was to compare the efficacy of intralesional Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine and intralesional vitamin D3 in cutaneous warts. Materials and Methods: A randomized, hospital-based, single-blind study on forty patients divided into two groups (groups A and B), comprising twenty patients each, was conducted. In group A, intralesional MMR vaccine 0.5 mL was injected into the base of warts. In group B, intralesional vitamin D3 0.5 mL was injected into the base of warts after achieving local anesthesia. Sessions were performed in two-week intervals for a maximum number of five sessions. The patients were followed for sixteen weeks. Results: In group A (MMR vaccine), a complete response was seen in 75% (15/20) of the patients, a moderate response in 15% (3/20), a partial response in 5% (1/20), and no response in 5% (1/20). In group B (vitamin D3), a complete response was seen in 65% (13/20) of the patients, a moderate response in 15% (3/20), a partial response in 10% (2/20), and no response in 10% (2/20). No recurrence was noticed after follow-up in either of the two groups. Conclusion: Immunotherapy is an option that is easy, safe, cost-effective, and well-tolerated with minimal side effects. Key words: Verruca; Intralesional MMR; Intralesional vitamin D3; Immunotherapy
Responsible Education of Architects – Experience From International Research Projects at the University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture
Authors: Nikezić Ana
Published: December 2022

EAAE Charter on Architectural Research states that architecture is facing challenges of globalization, rapid urbanization, ecological disturbance and social transformation that necessitate permanent development in the field of education [1]. Educators, in particular, faculties and universities, need to understand and explain those changes and find a way to broaden the competencies of future generations to accept and deepen a responsible attitude towards the environment. Apart from permanent curricula improvements and innovative ways of intertwining research and teaching into a unique educational agenda, one of the essential components is also internationalization, both on the level of the study program and the level of student and staff mobility. The University of Belgrade – Faculty of Architecture is determined to strategically enhance the educational process through internationalization under the umbrella of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Green Deal and New European Bauhaus. In that way, research and education expand horizons mutually, with international experience and expertise widening our knowledge and learning to accept differences and responsibilities as educators and architects.
Linear Dynamic Analysis of a Spatially Curved Bernoulli-Euler Beam Subjected to a Moving Load
Authors: Jočković Miloš , Nefovska-Danilović Marija , Borković Aleksandar
Published: December 2022

This paper considers the dynamic analysis of a spatially curved Bernoulli-Euler beam subjected to a moving load. The isogeometric approach is used for the spatial discretization of the weak form of the equation of motion. Both the reference geometry and the solution space are represented using the same NURBS basis functions that guarantee an accurate description of the beam centerline. The time integration is done by the explicit technique. The presented formulation is validated by the comparison with the existing results from the literature for the curved beam subjected to a constant load moving with a constant velocity. In addition, the influence of the moving load velocity on the dynamic response of a spatially curved beam has been investigated.
Pensamentos selvagens: montagem de uma outra herança v. 2
Authors: Jacques Paola Berenstein
Published: December 2022

O livro recebeu MENÇÃO HONROSA na modalidade LIVRO AUTORAL do Prêmio ANPATQ 2022. No primeiro volume da Montagem de uma outra herança foi evocado o esboço de uma outra herança moderna, em particular no campo do urbanismo, como um caleidoscópio montado por fragmentos e ruínas. Evidenciou-se que uma herança, qualquer herança, é sempre uma construção, uma montagem. Dando continuidade a este sentido, o segundo volume faz apologia ao movimento, às viagens, ao nomadismo entendido como deslocamentos sucessivos de variações do tema, de tempos coexistentes, heterogêneos ou anacrônicos. Reivindica-se também outra herança “vencida”, mas ainda latente, nossa herança selvagem ou antropófaga, buscando mostrar que esta herança do pensamento em estado selvagem está diretamente relacionada com a outra herança moderna, crítica e impura, já explorada anteriormente.
On the availability bias in narwhal abundance estimates
Authors: Heide-Jørgensen Mads Peter , Lage Jochim
Published: December 2022

Abundance estimation of narwhals is usually done with either visual or photographic aerial surveys. The basic estimation for both methods is detection of whales at the surface, and to obtain fully corrected abundance estimates, the at-surface detections need to be corrected for the proportion of whales that, at any given time, is available to be detected at the surface. The surfacing time or ‘availability correction factor’ is obtained from whales instrumented with dive recorders, that either relay concatenated information on the proportion of time spent at different depth intervals to satellites, or from recovered instruments that collect complete dive profiles, measured at high frequency. Concatenated data binned in depth histograms from Satellite-Linked-Time-Depth-Recorders (SLTDR) falls in two categories, where those that correct the zero depth values with information from the saltwater switch provide larger and apparently more accurate surfacing times, than those collected from instruments that does not correct the zero depth readings. The erroneous detection of near-surface pressure values is likely due to slow response of pressure transducers made from temperature sensitive materials. The high frequency sampling from AcousondeTM recorders documents erroneous surface detections, and adjustments of the dive profiles are needed to obtain realistic near-surface values. Any reconstruction of dive profiles and near-surface values apparently involves some level of corrections and it is recommended, for development of availability correction factors for aerial surveys, that data from zero-adjusted SLTDRs or TDR instruments are used. The mean estimate of surface time from 7 SLTDRs was 29% (CV=0.05). One SLTDR, with steel pressure transducer and zero-adjustments, that was retrieved from the whale, provided a particular long-record (83 days) of reliable high-resolution data. The surface time for this sample was 31%, when calculated as the sum of all depth readings at or above 2 m. The mean of 144 hourly depth readings during 06:00-18:00, and including dives above 3m, was 27.36% (CV=0.8) for 12 days overlapping with the usual timing of aerial surveys. Accurate estimation of smaller depth bins (e.g. 0-1 m) should, even with high resolution instruments, be used with caution when estimating availability bias.
Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes
Authors: Calero-Layana Melissa , López-Cruz Carmen , Ocaña Agustín , Tejera Eduardo , Armijos-Jaramillo Vinicio
Published: December 2022

Background

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are the result of the integration of retroviruses into host DNA following germline infection. Endogenous retroviruses are made up of three main genes: gag, pol, and env, each of which encodes viral proteins that can be conserved or not. ERVs have been observed in a wide range of vertebrate genomes and their functions are associated with viral silencing and gene regulation.

Results

In this work, we studied the evolutionary history of endogenous retroviruses associated with five human genes (INPP5B, DET1, PSMA1, USH2A, and MACROD2), which are located within intron sections. To verify the retroviral origin of the candidates, several approaches were used to detect and locate ERV elements. Both orthologous and paralogous genes were identified by Ensembl and then analyzed for ERV presence using RetroTector. A phylogenetic tree was reconstructed to identify the minimum time point of ERV acquisition. From that search, we detected ERVs throughout the primate lineage and in some other groups. Also, we identified the minimum origin of the ERVs from the parvorder Catarrhini to the Homininae subfamily.

Conclusions

With the data collected, and by observing the transcription factors annotated inside ERVs, we propose that these elements play a relevant role in gene expression regulation and they probably possess important features for tumorigenesis control.
Lean Warehouse - a aplicação de técnicas Lean nos processos de movimentação e armazenagem
Authors: Santos Daniel Rodrigues dos , Santos Carlos César Ribeiro , Ellefsen Ana Paula Maia Tanajura
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo propor um método estruturado para a implantação da filosofia Lean nos processos de movimentação e armazenagem no Laboratório de Movimentação e Armazenagem inaugurado em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior do Estado da Bahia. O método proposto contempla uma etapa de diagnóstico preliminar, com três dimensões a saber: análise do ambiente quanto aos aspectos de tecnologia, ferramentas e conceitos aplicáveis e ainda, o aspecto comportamental de colaboradores. A partir deste diagnóstico, foi proposto a melhor sequência de etapas para a implantação do Lean Warehouse. As etapas propostas, através da metodologia, denotam sua importância à medida que servem como fundamento tecnológico para orientar as diversas empresas em como otimizar o desempenho das suas operações e reduzir significativamente desperdícios na área de movimentação e armazenagem de materiais.
Assessment of Macro and Micronutrient Levels Associated with Gallbladder Cancer among Women of Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Western Bihar: A Case-control Study
Authors: Tiwari Nisha , Singh Neelima Alka , Ganapathy Sachit , Mishra Rabindra Nath , Tewari Mallika , Mishra Akash
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Gallbladder Cancer (GBC) is highly fatal due to late-stage diagnosis and poor prognosis. Women are more prone to GBC than men. Imbalanced nutrient intake is cited as a risk factor for GBC. Association of nutrients with GBC incidence assessed using 24-hour recall method may mislead as food intake is altered in disease condition. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) method that assesses usual nutrient intake pattern would be a better approach. Aim: To evaluate the association of macro and micronutrients in women with GBC using the FFQ method. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital of Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India, from September 2018 to August 2019. A total of 82 women with GBC, aged 40 years and above, considered as cases and 164 healthy controls were included in the study. Data was collected regarding food intake, following the FFQ method, which included breakfast, lunch, dinner, and other extra intakes. Macro and micronutrients were computed using a raw database of food. A multivariate statistical approach was adopted as the nutrients were correlated. Results: The mean age of the controls (45.7±10.1 years) was significantly lower than the GBC cases (55.2±11.0 years). Preponderance in both cases and controls was of Hindus, rural and Other Backward Class (OBC) women. Illiterate patients were more than twice than the controls. Intake of 12 nutrients i.e., protein, fat, phosphorus, zinc, manganese, and carotene were higher and of calcium, potassium, selenium, vitamin-C, vitamin-E, and fibre were lower in cases than the controls. These 12 nutrients completely separated cases and controls. However, zinc, manganese, potassium, and fibre whose contributions were lowest when ignored, the separation ability to cases and controls remained the same as of 12 nutrients. Conclusion: Protein, fat, phosphorus, carotene, calcium, selenium, vitamin-C and vitamin-E, were found to be associated with GBC risk. Therefore, further understanding the role of nutrients in bringing about the right intervention to reduce the incidence of GBC is needed.
Reliability and Validation of a Newly Proposed Score-based Criterion for Minimal Invasive Pulpal Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
Authors: Rao Ajay Singh , Shah Unnati , Ranka Suwidhi , Solanki Dikshit
Published: December 2022

Introduction: A thorough case history aids in proper diagnosis and treatment planning. Since many years various case history formats or questionnaires have been followed, which are too long as well as they lack any numerical support for the responses. Hence, it makes all of them less precise and less accurate. Aim: To develop and validate a newly proposed score-based criterion for minimal invasive pulpal diagnosis and treatment planning. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, K.M. Shah Dental College, Vadodara, India, from December 2021 to April 2022. Study included 200 subjects with pain in maxillary or mandibular teeth due to primary carious lesion participated. This study included two groups of experts: group I had two experienced endodontists, who examined the patients based on their knowledge and experience using traditional diagnostic methods and a standard treatment plan was advised and group II had two calibrated experts endodontist (primary investigator) and a general dentist (co-investigator) using this newly proposed score-based evaluation criterion and a minimal invasive treatment plan was suggested. Each patient was examined by both the groups. The statistical analysis for the agreement between standard treatment plan (group I) and suggested treatment plan (group II) was done via Cohen Kappa test. Results: Of total participants, 108 (54%) were females and 92 (46%) were males and the mean age of participants was 36.26±12.72 years. The mean age of females and males was 34.26±12.17 years and 38.61±13.01 years, respectively. The result of the study showed almost perfect agreement (kappa=0.918, p-value <0.001) between both the groups indicating high accuracy of the newly proposed score-based criterion. Conclusion: This newly proposed score-based criterion offers a minimal invasive diagnosis and treatment planning with a strong numerical support that can be efficiently used by the general practitioners and the endodontists in their routine clinical practices as well as by the academicians/researchers for case selection for clinical trials/studies in field of endodontics.
Magnesium Sulphate as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Bilateral Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomised Double-blind Clinical Study
Authors: Bhat Wasim Mohammad , Jan Masrat , Islam Mubashar Ul , Ahad Basharat
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Magnesium sulphate has the potential to treat and prevent pain by acting as an antagonist at N-methyl-DAspartate (NMDA) receptors. Many researchers found that magnesium sulphate as adjuvant to local anaesthetics reduces analgesic requirements in the postoperative period. Aim: To evaluate magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in ultrasound guided bilateral Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block with respect to postlaparoscopic cholecystectomy pain. Materials and Methods: The present randomised doubleblind clinical study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology, SKIMS Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, between January 2022 and June 2022. Total 80 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II were divided into two groups. Group A (n=40) patients received ropivacaine with magnesium and group B (n=40) patients received ropivacaine only. Pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Total rescue analgesia consumption during 24 hours, time to first request of rescue analgesia, postoperative nausea vomiting, sedation score and patient satisfaction score were recorded. Mann-Whitney U test was used for VAS score and patient satisfaction score. Results: Mean age of patients was higher in group A (47.95±13.853 years) than group B (46.45±11.940 years). Group A had 12 males and 28 females while in group B, there were 11 males and 29 females in group B. Group A showed better analgesic profile in the form of lower mean VAS, which were statistically significant (p-value<0.05). However, time to first request of rescue analgesia (743.5±58.214 minutes in group A vs 668.50± 214.375 minutes in group B; p-value=0.162) and total dose of rescue analgesia consumption were comparable in both groups (p-value>0.05). Also the sedation score (2.325±0.2529 in group A vs 2.295±0.2562 in group B; p-value=0.600) and patient satisfaction score (PSS) between the two groups (81.05±8.638 in group A vs 80.53±7.517 in group B; p-value=0.665) were statistically not significant. Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was comparable in both groups (p-value=0.924). Conclusion: Addition of magnesium sulphate to ropivacaine in ultrasound guided bilateral TAP block significantly reduced pain scores in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Prevalence of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and its Associated Risk Factors in Women of Perimenopausal Age GroupA Retrospective Study
Authors: Vaidya Rajani , Vinayachandran S , Devi Sumangala , Prejisha B , G Lekshminath G Lekshminath , Sreedharan Sily , Jahrin PK
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is defined as any deviation from the normal menstrual cycle that is abnormal in regularity, duration, volume and frequency. AUB may be accompanied by pain and discomfort which presents a substantial burden on patient’s health, quality of life, society and healthcare system. There is also an increased incidence of associated co-morbidities like thyroid disease, diabetes and hypertension in AUB cases. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of AUB according to the PALM-COEIN classification and its associated risk factors in the perimenopausal age group. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Gynecology Department of Malabar Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerela, India. The data was collected from the medical records and computerised system of the hospital for a period of one year from January 2021 to December 2021. A total of 225 patients in the perimenopausal age group (40 years and above) attending Gynecology Outpatient Department (OPD) and admitted with complaints of AUB was included. Patient’s information such as age, menstrual history, obstetric history, medical and surgical history, laboratory tests, imaging findings, endometrial biopsy results was obtained and analysed. Data was entered in Microsoft excel excel and analysed by using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 24.0. Results: The total number of patients attending the gynecology outpatient department during the study period was 11765. The total number of AUB cases during the study period were 2154, so the prevalence for AUB was 18.3%. For the assosciated risk factors, 255 patients were considered, where maximum number of patients 103 (45.3%) were in the age group of 45- 49 years. Structural causes accounts for 175 (77.6%) cases. Hypertension was the most common risk factor associated with AUB 68 (30.2%), followed by diabetes 32 (14.2%) and thyroid disorders 15 (6.6%). Conclusion: The prevalence of AUB was 18.3% in present study. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding - Ovulatory dysfunction and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding- Endometrial had statistically significant association with thyroid disease.
Suprapatellar versus Infrapatellar Approach for Intramedullary Nailing in Tibial Shaft Fractures: A Prospective Interventional Study
Authors: Sahni Girish , Singh Sukhjot , Kavia Ashish , Aggarwal Hari Om , Chawla Harjit K Singh
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Tibial diaphyseal fractures are the most prevalent type of tibia fracture. A well known surgical method for treating tibial shaft fractures was the traditional infrapatellar approach for tibia Intramedullary Nailing (IMN). However, due to increased valgus and procurvatum deformities, IMN insertion through the infrapatellar route poses problems. Recently, suprapatellar nailing in the semi-extended position has been promoted as a safe and effective surgical treatment. Aim: To compare the clinical and functional outcomes of tibial shaft fractures treated with IMN utilising the Suprapattelar (SP) and Infrapatellar Methods (IP). Materials and Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted on 40 patients, in the Department of Orthopaedics, in Government Medical College, Patiala ,Punjab, India from November 2019 to May 2021. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of tibial shaft fractures treated with IMN utilising the S.P and those treated with I.P techniques during a two year period (20 in each group) with six months followup. Group A patients were treated with IMN in tibia through suprapatellar technique and group B Patients were treated with IMN in tibia via infrapatellar approach. The outcomes of IMN in tibial shaft fractures via SP and IP approach were compared in terms of fluoroscopy time, average surgical time, anterior knee pain using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, average blood loss, fracture union time and functional outcome (in terms of the lower extremity functional Score). For statistical analysis student t-test and chi-square test was used, p-value <0.05 was considered as significant. Results: There were significant differences between SP and IP IMN in terms of fluoroscopy duration (94.25 vs 129.40 seconds, p-value-0.001), anterior knee pain (VAS score) (19.65 vs 29.85, p-value-0.001), average blood loss (49.30 vs 62.45 mL, p- value 0.001), and functional result (75.45 vs 70.05, p-value=0.001). The fracture union time between the two groups was non significant (90.50 vs 90.30 days, p-value=0.876). Conclusion: In terms of fluoroscopy time, anterior knee pain, average blood loss, and knee ratings, the SP technique was superior to the IP strategy.
Assessment of Maxillary Sinus Floor Topography and Root Position of Maxillary Third Molars using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Haghani Jahangir , Rad Maryam , Mohseni Sudeh , Ebrahimnejad Hamed
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Maxillary sinuses have variable sizes. Knowledge of anatomic correlation between maxillary molars and sinus floor is essential for preoperative assessment in maxillary essment of posterior teeth. Aim: To assess maxillary sinus floor topography and root position of maxillary impacted third molar position using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) imaging. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on the 1080 CBCT images of the upper jaw of patients admitted to Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, from March 2015 to December 2018. Among these, CBCT images that had atleast one maxillary impacted third molar were evaluated for the position, number and shape of roots and distance from the sinus floor. Data were analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0, using the Pearson Chi-square test. Results: In the present study, of 1080 CBCT, 100 (9.26%) showed atleast one maxillary impacted third molar. Of 100 patients, 62% were women and the mean age of samples was 35.73±10.27 year. The roots of 17 impacted molars (13.1%), protruded into the sinus cavity, and 18 (13.84%) of teeth had four roots. Distance from the sinus floor in the left and rightsides were 2.38±0.15 and 2.33±0.17 mm, respectively. Root distance from the alveolar crest in the left and right-sides were 3.40±0.22 and 3.51±0.27 mm, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that roots of 51% of impacted third maxillary molars had a relation with the sinus floor. The most frequent tooth position was mesioangular.
Reading Motivation, Classroom Climate, and Self-Directed Learning Readiness: A Structural Equation Model in Task Motivation of Students
Authors: Maglangit Mary Ann A. , Limpot Marilou Y.
Published: December 2022

Aims: To determine the best fit model of task motivation among grade 11-Technical Vocational Livelihood Senior high School students.

Study Design: Quantitative non-experimental design.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted among grade 11- TVL students in all public schools in Region 10 during the school year 2021-2022.

Methodology: The respondents were 420 senior high school students from public schools in Region 10, Northern Mindanao, Philippines. The respondents were chosen using stratified random sampling. The data were collected using google forms.

Results: The overall results showed that the respondents had a high level of reading motivation, classroom climate, self-directed learning readiness, and task motivation. It also showed a significant relationship between three variables: reading motivation, classroom climate, and self-directed learning readiness in task motivation in terms of student performance. Among the five models, model 5 best fits the study.

Conclusion: The high level of reading motivation, classroom climate, self-directed learning readiness, and task motivation in students' performance suggests an eagerness to fulfill classroom tasks successfully. Researcher indicates that to develop students' curiosity, teachers will give texts to read that they may find appealing and exciting. Also, to lower anxiety in speaking inside and outside the classroom, teachers will give some speech activities like role-playing, speech choir debate, and many more for students to develop their ability in speaking. On the other hand, students' amotivation in classroom tasks will enhance students' interest in doing activities in school. More importantly, teachers should emphasize and reiterate to students the importance of task motivation in developing academic performance as also interconnected with self-determination theory.
Assessment of Government Financing through Commercial Banks on Seaweed Production in Zanzibar
Authors: Nassor Hannat Hashoul , Abdulla Zuhura Mohamed
Published: December 2022

This study of Assessment of Government Financing through Commercial Banks on Seaweed Production in Zanzibar. The study aim to help seaweed producers as well as Blue Economy by proving different Financing through Commercial Banks. Using questionnaire for collecting primary data. The study applied quantitative data analysis. Quantitative method was in the form of descriptive statistics using frequency distribution. The finding of the study showed that the finance provided by the Government through Commercial Banks to seaweed producers in Zanzibar such as loan, hire purchase, however many of the respondent were not benefiting from the finance, and only few of them were receiving loan as a financing. The finding shows that those receiving the Finance from Commercial Banks most of them received loan, and on the impact of the finance they receive was of no interest and can be used to buy input and output material such as rope, seeds, tools and equipment, branding material and packaging materials. However the finding of the study shows that the condition required by the Commercial Banks for the seaweed producers was to be in cluster rather that individual and number of years in seaweed industry, income generated per month, quantity of production. Also on the finance control that are provided by Commercial Banks education was given. The finding of this study shows that many seaweed producers are not benefiting with the Government Finance through Commercial Banks despite the follow up the made, and others are not aware of the services if they are available.
Neisseria meningitidis Meningitis in Burkina Faso: Review of the Literature
Authors: Mamoudou Savadogo , Ouédraogo Pélagie Danielle Nikèma
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Neisseria meningitidis meningitis is a permanent threat in Burkina Faso due to its epidemic potential.

Objective: To study the epidemiological aspects of meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis and to identify the main current trends. 

Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective collection of data from the literature on Neisseria meningitidis epidemics in Burkina Faso. 

Results: Burkina Faso has experienced several epidemics of meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A. Indeed, the country was hit by epidemics due to this serogroup in 1957, 1985, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009. The 1996 epidemic was particularly deadly with 4363 deaths recorded. Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W has also been responsible for several epidemics including those of 1992, 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2012. While Neisseria meningitidis serogroup X was responsible for the first major epidemic in 2010. As for Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C, after a first outbreak in 1979, it was in 2019 that this serogroup was again responsible for an outbreak in eastern Burkina Faso. In all these outbreaks, children were the most affected and case fatality was high (more than 14%). In addition to the therapeutic management of cases, a vaccine response was used to contain these epidemics. The vaccines used were initially polysaccharide vaccines (meningococcal A+C vaccine, tetravalent A+C+Y+W vaccine), and since 2010, the MenAfriVac® conjugate vaccine, which has eliminated epidemics due to meningococcus (Nm) A. However, it is noted that other Neisseria meningitidis serogroups (X,C,W) continue to circulate. Epidemiological surveillance data showed a clear decline in Neisseria meningitidis in week 48 of 2022, behind Streptococcus pneumoniae which has become the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in Burkina Faso. The same trend has been observed since the mass vaccination campaign with the MenAfriVac® conjugate vaccine.

Conclusion: The persistent circulation of Neisseria meningitidis serogroups W, X, and C raises concerns about further meningitis epidemics. It is important to maintain a high level of epidemiological surveillance of Neisseria meningitidis in Burkina Faso.
Enteric Parasitosis of HIV-positive Patients in Cameroon: A Case of the Regional Hospital of Bafoussam (Western Region)
Authors: Tankoua-Tchounda Roméo , Nack Jacques , Nchetnkou Christian Mbohou , Tchankwé Désiré Leonard Keptcheu , Lontsi-Demano Michel , Essangui Estelle , Djimefo Alex Kevin Tako , Lehman Léopold Gustave
Published: December 2022

Objectives: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes a progressive alteration of the immune system leading to increased susceptibility to infectious agents. A few studies have been done on gastrointestinal parasites in HIV-infected persons in Cameroon. However, these studies need to be updated. The objective of this study was to identify and determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in relation to associated factors in HIV+ patients at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital.

Methods: The study was conducted from May to December 2021 on 240 patients aged from 3 to 73 years. Stool samples were tested for parasites and HIV viral loads were assessed in blood samples.

Results: The analyses revealed that 58 (24.2%) patients were carriers of at least one parasite species. A total of 7 parasite species were identified, the most predominant being Entameba histolytica (12.62%) followed by Cryptosporidium spp (4.54%). A high majority, 91.3% had undetectable viral loads with the presence of intestinal parasitosis. However, the most infested patients were those with viral loads above 50 copies/ml. Concerning the duration of antiretroviral treatment, the rate of infestation was higher in patients with less than 12 months on treatment (OR=2.8; p=0.04). The prevalence of infestation was significantly higher in those under 20 years of age (OR = 5.13; p = 0.03). The distribution of gastrointestinal parasite species according to viral loads varied significantly for Blastocystis hominis and Dicrocoelum dendriticum with p<0.05.

Conclusion: The presence of these parasites reveals that people living with HIV should be regularly screened and treated to improve their health status.
Technological Challenges of an Engineering Department Amidst Pandemic
Authors: Nebrida Jimmy Adora , Oliveros Oliver
Published: December 2022

Technology management is more important than ever due to the quick development of technology across all fields of specialization. The study is grounded on the challenges faced by lecturers and students of the engineering department and highlighted the mechanisms used in finding the solutions. The study made use of a qualitative research design to gather in-depth insights about the problem and generate new ideas for research. The respondents of the study include the department head and lecturers of the department. The study used maxQDA software in the analysis of responses to develop a model based on the existing practices of an engineering division. This model includes mechanisms to address the technological challenges like regular meetings and collaborative meetings with teachers and students. These practices address the technological challenges on management, teaching, and learning. The school must embody key characteristics to face all challenges and must start with collaboration among the teachers and students before extruding to collaboration with external stakeholders like alumni and local government units. This study further showed the effect of poor internet connectivity, thus school administrators should look into the need providing internet connection in the campus for teachers needs in providing effective instructions. The results further showed the challenge in adapting new technologies like software and online platform intended for learning of students. The head of the division must be supportive of the teaching needs of the staff which results in good relations and collaboration of subordinates and students. Lastly, lecturers must be compassionate to teaching to address the learning needs of students and consider methods like video clips, tutorial sessions, and consultation.
Getting Treated for COVID-19 Shouldn’t Be This Difficult
Authors: Mangurian Christina
Published: December 2022

In this narrative medicine essay, a psychiatrist finds that the difficulties she had helping her parents obtain Paxlovid seemed a common experience among her colleagues, so she offers patients and the medical community suggestions on how to simplify the process.
Double S‐Shaped Polarization – Voltage Curve and Negative Capacitance from Al2O3‐Hf0.5Zr0.5O2‐Al2O3Triple‐Layer Structure
Authors: Park Hyeon Woo , Oh Minsik , Lee In Soo , Byun Seungyong , Jang Yoon Ho , Lee Yong Bin , Kim Beom Yong , Lee Suk Hyun , Ryoo Seung Kyu , Shim Doosup , Lee Jae Hoon , Kim Hani , Kim Kyung Do , Hwang Cheol Seong
Published: December 2022

The negative capacitance (NC) effect, recently discovered in a fluorite‐based ferroelectric thin film, has attracted great attention as a rescue to overcome the scaling limitations of the conventional memory and logic devices of highly integrated circuits. The NC effect manifesting an S‐shaped polarization–voltage (P–V) curve is initially interpreted by a 1‐dimensional Landau Ginzburg Devonshire (LGD) model. However, a series of recent studies have found that this effect can also be explained by the inhomogeneous stray field energy (ISE) model. In this study, by extending the ISE model in the ferroelectric (FE)‐dielectric (DE) layered structure, an analytical model that considers the influence of the interfacial screening charge distribution is presented. This model showed that the NC effect in the FE‐DE heterostructure can be manifested in various forms other than a single S‐shapedP–Vcurve. In particular, a double S‐shapedP–Vcurve is expected from the fully compensated anti‐parallel domain structure, confirmed experimentally in the actual Al2O3/(Hf0.5Zr0.5)O2/Al2O3triple‐layer structure. Furthermore, to reveal the origin of the double S‐shapedP–Vcurve, a multidomain LGD model is presented. It is confirmed that this phenomenon is attributed to the evolution of inhomogeneous stray field energy.
In Situ Fabrication of Benzoquinone Crystal Layer on the Surface of Nest‐Structural Ionohydrogel for Flexible “All‐in‐One” Supercapattery
Authors: Shang Yinghui , Wei Junjie , He Xian , Zhao Jie , Shen Hongdou , Wu Dongbei , Wu Tong , Wang Qigang
Published: December 2022

Flexible energy‐storage devices lay the foundation for a convenient, advanced, fossil fuel‐free society. However, the fabrication of flexible energy‐storage devices remains a tremendous challenge due to the intrinsic dissimilarities between electrode and electrolyte. In this study, a strategy is proposed for fabricating a flexible electrode and electrolyte entirely inside a matrix. First, a nest‐structural and redox‐active ionohydrogel with excellent stretchability (up to 3000%) and conductivity (167.9 mS cm−1) is designed using a hydrated ionic liquid (HIL) solvent and chemical foaming strategy. The nest‐structure ionohydrogel provides sufficient “highways” and “service area”, and the cation in HIL facilitates the reaction, transportation, and deposition of benzoquinone. Subsequently, in situ, a novel benzoquinone crystal–gel interface (CGI) is in situ fabricated on the surface of the ionohydrogel through electrochemical deposition of benzoquinone. Thus, an integrated CGI‐gel platform is successfully achieved with a middle body as an electrolyte and the surficial redox‐active CGI membrane for electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Based on the CGI‐gel platform, an extreme simple and effective “stick‐to‐use” strategy is proposed for constructing flexible energy‐storage devices and then a series of flexible supercapatteries are fabricated with high stretchability and capacitance (5222.1 mF cm−2 at 600% strain), low self‐discharge and interfacial resistance and a wearable, self‐power and intelligent display.
Solvation and Interfacial Engineering Enable −40 °C Operation of Graphite/NCM Batteries at Energy Density over 270 Wh kg−1
Authors: Zheng Xueying , Cao Zhang , Luo Wei , Weng Suting , Zhang Xianlin , Wang Donghai , Zhu Zhenglu , Du Haoran , Wang Xuefeng , Qie Long , Zheng Honghe , Huang Yunhui
Published: December 2022

Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) that can operate under low temperature (LT) conditions are essential for applications in orbital missions, subsea areas, and electric vehicles. Unfortunately, severe capacity loss is witnessed due to tremendous kinetic barriers that emerge at LT. Herein, to surmount such kinetic limitations, a low dielectric environment is tamed throughout the bulk electrolyte, which efficaciously brought the Li+ desolvation energy down to 30.76 kJ mol−1. At the meantime, the adoption of sodium cations (Na+) is proposed as a hetero‐cation additive, and a Li‐Na hybrid and fluoride‐rich interphase is further identified via preferential reduction of Na+‐(solvent/anion) clusters, which is found to efficiently facilitate Li+ migration through the LiF/NaF grain boundaries. Based on a N/P ratio of 1.1, the graphite/LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM) full cell (cathode loading of ≈18.5 mg cm−2) delivers a capacity as high as 125.1 mAh g−1 under −20 °C with prolonged cycling to 100 cycles. Finally, a 270 Wh kg−1 graphite/NCM pouch cell is assembled, which affords a discharge capacity of 108.7 mAh g−1 under −40 °C during the initial cycles. With an eye to both fundamental and practical aspects, this work will propel additional advancements and allow LIBs to fill more roles under extreme operation temperatures than ever before.
Diastereoselective Conversion of β‐Nitro‐β,γ‐Unsaturated Ketones into Conjugated (E,E)‐Dienones
Authors: Bassetti Benedetta , Ballini Roberto , Petrini Marino , Palmieri Alessandro
Published: December 2022

Herein, we report a new and stereoselective conversion of β‐nitro‐β,γ‐unsaturated ketones into conjugated dienones, a versatile class of electron‐poor alkenes, widely exploited in organic synthesis as source of highly functionalized molecules. Products were isolated in good yields and the method tolerates a variety of functionalities.

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APOE2 Exacerbates TDP‐43 Related Toxicity in the Absence of Alzheimer Pathology
Authors: Meneses Axel D. , Koga Shunsuke , Li Zonghua , O'Leary Justin , Li Fuyao , Chen Kai , Murakami Aya , Qiao Wenhui , Kurti Aishe , Heckman Michael G. , White Launia , Xie Manling , Chen Yixing , Finch Nicole A. , Lim Melina J. , Delenclos Marion , DeTure Michael A. , Linares Cynthia , Martin Nicholas B. , Ikezu Tadafumi C. , van Blitterswijk Marka M. , Wu Long‐Jun , McLean Pamela J. , Rademakers Rosa , Ross Owen A. , Dickson Dennis W. , Bu Guojun , Zhao Na
Published: December 2022

Objective

Recent evidence supports a link between increased TDP‐43 burden and the presence of an APOE4 gene allele in Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, it is difficult to conclude the direct effect of APOE on TDP‐43 pathology due to the presence of mixed AD pathologies. The goal of this study is to address how APOE isoforms impact TDP‐43 pathology and related neurodegeneration in the absence of typical AD pathologies.

Methods

We overexpressed human TDP‐43 via viral transduction in humanized APOE2, APOE3, APOE4 mice, and murine Apoe‐knockout (Apoe‐KO) mice. Behavior tests were performed across ages. Animals were harvested at 11 months of age and TDP‐43 overexpression‐related neurodegeneration and gliosis were assessed. To further address the human relevance, we analyzed the association of APOE with TDP‐43 pathology in 160 postmortem brains from autopsy‐confirmed amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with motor neuron disease (FTLD‐MND) in the Mayo Clinic Brain Bank.

Results

We found that TDP‐43 overexpression induced motor function deficits, neuronal loss, and gliosis in the motor cortex, especially in APOE2 mice, with much milder or absent effects in APOE3, APOE4, or Apoe‐KO mice. In the motor cortex of the ALS and FTLD‐MND postmortem human brains, we found that the APOE2 allele was associated with more severe TDP‐43‐positive dystrophic neurites.

Interpretation

Our data suggest a genotype‐specific effect of APOE on TDP‐43 proteinopathy and neurodegeneration in the absence of AD pathology, with the strongest association seen with APOE2. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:830–843
Unprecedented Relaxivity Gap in pH‐Responsive FeIII‐Based MRI Probes
Authors: Salaam Jeremy , Fogeron Thibault , Pilet Guillaume , Bolbos Radu , Bucher Christophe , Khrouz Lhoussain , Hasserodt Jens
Published: December 2022

Two mononuclear ferric complexes are reported that respond to a pH change with a 27‐ and 71‐fold jump, respectively, in their capacity to accelerate the longitudinal relaxation rate of water‐hydrogen nuclei, and this starting from a negligible base value of only 0.06. This unprecedented performance bodes well for tackling the sensitivity issues hampering the development of Molecular MRI. The two chelates also excel in the fully reversible and fatigue‐less nature of this phenomenon. The structural reasons for this performance reside in the macrocyclic nature of the hexa‐dentate ligand, as well as the presence of a single pendant arm displaying a five‐membered lactam or carbamate which show (perturbed) pKa values of 3.5 in the context of this N6
N5O1 coordination motif.
Ion‐selectivity of polypyrrole carbide‐derived carbon films in aqueous electrolytes
Authors: Le Quoc Bao , Zondaka Zane , Nguyen Ngoc Tuan , Kiefer Rudolf
Published: December 2022

In this work, we have combined polypyrrole (PPy) doped with dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBS−) and carbide‐derived carbon (CDC), forming PPyCDC (PPy/DBS‐CDC) composites. Scanning electron microscopy revealed for PPyCDC that most CDC particles are located on the surface of the films. This work's main goal is to investigate the ion‐selectivity of the novel PPyCDC composite by linear actuation studies, with primary actuation taking place at discharging. Four different aqueous electrolytes are applied with hydrophobic cations, such as TMA+ (tetramethylammonium ion) and EDMI+ (1‐ethyl‐2,3‐dimethyl imidazolium ion). They are hydrophilic with Li+ (lithium‐ion) and Na+ (sodium ion). It was possible to distinguish each cation from linear actuation studies, either cyclic voltammetry or square wave potential steps. In the case of pristine PPy/DBS, that ion differentiation could not separate. Chronopotentiometric measurements of both films (PPyCDC and PPy/DBS) were performed. It could control (read) the strain for PPyCDC films and the potential at constant current density. The electrical energy adapts to exchange cations, forming a sensor device with ion‐selectivity of the applied cations considering their hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics. The best specific capacitance (energy storage) is found for EDMI+ cations in PPyCDC films with 193 F g−1, enabling this composite in multifunctional applications.