bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of glycaemic control among self-reported cases of diabetes: an observation of a PPP model project
Authors: Prajapati Jagruti , Oza Jaydip , Patel B. B. , Avashia Sunil R.
Published: January 2018

Background: Sociodemographic determinants of diabetes such as age, sex and socioeconomic status play a major role in diabetes outcome. It was necessary to design a research project to address this. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes and its sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, residential area, economic status and a level of education in the project districts. Methods: The cross sectional study was carried out in the project districts named Ahmedabad, Dahod and Valsad. Urban, rural and tribal population are above 30 years of age from different districts were covered to collect data on socio economic back ground and status of diabetes. Random blood sugar was measured by glucometer and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) by the HbA1c analyzer. Results: Proportion of male and female participants were near to equal. Percentage of self reported cases of diabetes (including controlled and uncontrolled) was 14.07% in urban areas while it was 5.24% in rural areas. Pre diabetes detection rate was more in rural area. During screening 11.83% of pre diabetes cases were identified. Difference between controlled and uncontrolled diabetes among illiterate and literate groups was statistically not significant. Conclusions: This preliminary observational study included more than 51000 participants visiting primary and community health centres from three districts of Gujarat. The public private partnership model helped in systematic approach towards screening and data collection. The study reported prediabetes cases higher than global prevalence. More controlled studies are required to define the mandatory screening protocol in resource constrained settings.
Knowledge about tuberculosis among undergraduate medical students in a private college in Chennai
Authors: R. Revathi , R. Dharanisri
Published: January 2018

Background: Tuberculosis is an ancient global public health problem. In India despite of persistent government efforts in the form of revised national anti-tuberculosis programme (RNTCP) and directly observed treatment strategy (DOTS), TB still remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity in India. Multi-drug resistant TB and extensively drug resistant TB are other threats to present anti-TB strategies. Methods: Hence the present study was undertaken to assess the knowledge of undergraduate about tuberculosis under various headings of about tuberculosis, etiology, risk factors, diagnosis, complications and treatment. The present cross-sectional study was done in the private medical college in Chennai among 90 undergraduate medical students. Results: Regarding knowledge of tuberculosis, clinical features of TB, was more than 80% in interns. But the knowledge about diagnosis was only 70%. At the same time the treatment options and drugs available was known to 85% of undergraduates. Correct duration in months and schedule of giving drugs on alternate days was not known to 15% of students. Conclusions: Although awareness is created through world tuberculosis day, CMES, conferences, yet hands on training in treating tuberculosis to be given to the undergraduates as this the crucial period for learning.
A cross sectional study to assess the discrimination faced by trans genders in health care facilities- Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Authors: A. Chitra , G. M. Sakthimarieswari , S. Kaleeswaran , V. R. Indhira , Pathiyil Mythili Menon , . Shreyavarshini
Published: January 2018

Background: Transgender people are those who by definition, have a gender identity or gender expression that differs from their assigned sex at birth. The Government of Tamil Nadu was the first Indian state to pioneer welfare schemes for transgenders such as formation of transgender welfare board, creation of a third column for gender in college application forms. The study aims to assess the discrimination faced by the transgenders in health care facilities. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 50 transgenders using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Among 47 responendents, 17.6% of the transgenders had delayed going to hospital fearing discrimination. Harassment either in physical or verbal form experienced by 41.2% and 37.5% faced discrimination in form of judgemental looks or comments, while 5.9% of the transgenders were denied treatment altogether in the hospital. Denial of equal treatment experienced by 52.9% of the study participants.  Conclusions: The study highlights that transgenders even today face considerable discrimination which refrains them from assessing health care facilities. Even though we in Tamil Nadu have pioneered with the formation of transgender board, free sex re-assignment surgery in government health care facilities, the utilisation by the transgenders are far from behind. This may be attributed due to the discrimination faced by the transgenders.
Awareness of dengue and practice of dengue control measures among urban population in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Kumar T. Varun , Pandian M. Vijay , P. Swaminathan , Kumar T. Ravi
Published: January 2018

Background: The dengue infection has become endemic in India as a result of changing environmental conditions and lack of awareness among the public. So, the present study was conducted with the objectives of studying the awareness of dengue and dengue control practices among urban population in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.Methods: The study was of cross sectional design conducted in the fever clinic of Government Medical College and ESI Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Systemic random sampling was done to select the study participants. A pre-tested, pre-validated semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data was obtained from 270 individuals during August to November 2017.Results: Among the study participants, 254 (94.1%) had heard of dengue. Among them, 145 (53.7%) correctly identified the symptoms of dengue, 221 (81.6%) correctly responded that the dengue is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and 82 (30.4%) had correct knowledge about Aedes mosquito breeding places. Younger age group individuals and those with higher education had significantly better awareness about mosquito control measures (p<0.005).Conclusions: Majority of the study population was aware about dengue, only half of them knew about the symptoms of dengue and only one-third correctly knew about breeding habitats of Aedes mosquitoes. Therefore, already functioning health campaigns should ensure that the knowledge acquired is put into practice.
Knowledge, attitude and perceived barriers towards conducting research among students in a medical college, India
Authors: Vairamani Chibi R. , Akoijam Brogen S.
Published: January 2018

Background: Health research is a low priority area in the developing world, mostly due to inadequate research budgets and financially not rewarding venture. Medical students have a limited understanding of research and what it entails. Training on research theory to application, is an important but neglected part of medical education curriculum in the country, which needs to be paid more attention. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and perceived barriers towards conducting research among medical students in a remote medical college of India. Methods: This cross sectional study was done in the easternmost medical college of India during November-December 2015. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from postgraduates and interns. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Chi-square test was used for comparing proportions. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of the total 493 eligible participants, 440 responded to the questionnaire. More than 3/5th of the respondents had inadequate level of knowledge of conducting research. Inadequate training (87%), lack of funding (76%), lack of motivation (67%) and no mentorship program (66%), were the major reasons cited by the respondents for not participating in research projects. Ever conducted research was associated with better knowledge of research. Majority of the participants wanted to know more about research. Conclusions: The study revealed inadequate knowledge but a positive attitude towards research. Sufficient training in research methods, skills and institution of mentorship program can boost participation in research.
Prevalence of self-medication practices among the residents of urban slums located near govt. medical college, Jabalpur
Authors: Jain Shubham , Thakur Aditya , Peepre Kunal , Kaushal Shivika , Kasar Pradeep
Published: January 2018

Background: Self-medication is defined as medication taken on the patient’s own initiative or on the advice of pharmacist or any other lay person. Self-medication can be described as a double edged sword for its users, because it has both beneficial and harmful effects. According to recent community based study in 2016 prevalence of self-medication in developing countries varies from 12% to as high as 73% in different communities. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of self-medication among the residents of urban slums located near Govt. medical college, Jabalpur and to identify the factors associated with the practice of self-medication.Methods: It was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in 412 families residing in slum areas around the medical college for duration of 2 months [1st July to 31st august 2017]. One participant from each family was interviewed. Data on socio demographic details (age, gender, education, occupation, and income), practice of self-medication, and reasons for use of self-medication were collected.Results: Among the total 412 participants, 176 (42.7%) practiced self-medication out of which 43.6% were Females. Highest prevalence of 58.1% amongst 18-40 years of age group, 69.3% was literates. Major reason for self-medication being disease is simple (56.5%). Majority took self-medication occasionally (72.5%) and most common source were Pharmacists (87.42%) through OTC (81.14%). Most widely used drugs were Analgesics (66.28%) and main indications were headache, body ache and other pains (25.2%). Associations were compared with chi-square test Socio economic status of participants and Vicinity distance from hospital revealed statistically significant result. Socio-economically upper class (p꞊0.018) and participants living more than 500 m away from hospital (p=0.010) tends to take more self medication.Conclusions: There was a heterogeneous spread in the practices. Easy availability of over the counter (OTC) drugs is a major factor responsible for irrational drug use. Community awareness programme, educational interventions should be conducted about side effects of self-medication.
Randomized comparative study of combination of low dose oral isotretinoin with pulsed azithromycin and low dose oral isotretinoin alone in the management of moderate to severe acne
Authors: Jindal Rashmi , Roy Samarjit , Jain Akanksha
Published: January 2018

Background: Oral isotretinoin and azithromycin are two important drugs used in management of acne. Their mode of action is different and thus theoretically the combination of these two should have a synergistic effect.

Methods: In this randomized comparative trial 100 patients were randomized into two groups. One received oral isotretinoin (0.3 mg/kg/day) alone and the other group received pulsed azithromycin (500 mg/day for three days in a week for 8 weeks) in addition to oral isotretinoin. Improvement in acne was noted as percentage improvement in mean acne score.

Results: No statistically significant difference was noted in the improvement in mean acne score of both the groups.

Conclusions: Addition of pulsed azithromycin to low dose oral isotretinoin does not offer a better treatment outcome in patients of moderate to severe acne. 
RELAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL-USUÁRIO NA SAÚDE PÚBLICA BRASILEIRA: ALGUMAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A REFLEXÃO DA PRÁTICA COTIDIANA
Authors: Gontijo Daniela Tavares
Published: January 2018

A implementação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) tem sido alvo de inúmeras discussões no âmbito científico e social. A relação profissional-usuário neste contexto tem sido identificada como um dos fatores determinantes para a consolidação da assistência integral à saúde, que implica na adoção de práticas que endereçam o cuidado como campo privilegiado de atuação profissional. Neste texto, construído a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, objetivamos refletir sobre a relação que se estabelece entre o profissional de saúde e o usuário no contexto da saúde pública brasileira. Para isso, buscamos estabelecer um paralelo dessas relações no modelo biomédico e no contexto da assistência integral à saúde, discutindo-as com base nas concepções dos paradigmas da simplificação e da complexidade. Esperamos que nossas reflexões contribuam para o processo de construção do conhecimento acerca do modelo assistencial preconizado pelo SUS, bem como forneça subsídios para que os profissionais analisem, de forma crítica, suas práticas cotidianas. Palavras–chave: Profissional da saúde. Sistema Único de Saúde.
INCIDÊNCIA DE COMPLICAÇÕES PULMONARES EM PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS AOS SISTEMAS DE UMIDIFICAÇÃO SOB VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA
Authors: Silvério Cristiane Ribeiro , Tavares Kellen Freitas , Lacerda Camila Rodrigues
Published: January 2018

Dois sistemas estão disponíveis para aquecimento e umidificação dos gases ofertados ao paciente sob ventilação mecânica. O umidificador aquoso aquecido tem uma origem externa que produz calor e vapor provenientes da água esterilizada. O trocador de calor e de umidade, combinado com filtro microbiológico, também chamado de nariz artificial, trabalha passivamente na retenção de calor e umidade, com saída na traquéia durante a expiração e reciclando-os durante a próxima inspiração. A proposta deste estudo consiste em identificar a incidência de complicações pulmonares em pacientes sob ventilação mecânica utilizando umidificador aquoso aquecido em relação ao trocador de calor e de umidade. Este é um estudo retrospectivo, no qual foram analisados 18 prontuários dos doentes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva do Hospital Universitário, no período de janeiro a agosto de 2007. Do total, 9 doentes utilizaram trocador de calor e umidade, sendo que 2 apresentaram atelectasia, 3 pneumonia, 1 veio a óbito e 3 não apresentaram complicações. Dos 9 sujeitos que foram submetidos ao umidificador aquoso aquecido, 4 tiveram atelectasia, 2 pneumonia, 3 nenhuma complicação e nenhum paciente foi a óbito. Os níveis de PaO2 e de PaCO2 e o tempo de internação entre os grupos em estudo não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes. Neste estudo, pode-se concluir que os doentes que utilizaram umidificador aquoso aquecido apresentaram maior incidência de atelectasias e menor de pneumonia, associada à ventilação mecânica. Palavras–chave: Pneumonia. Ventilação Mecânica. Trocador de calor e umidade. Umidificador aquoso aquecido.
Psychological Security And Self-Efficacy Among Syrian Refugee Students Inside And Outside The Camps
Authors: ALharbi Bassam H. M.
Published: January 2018

The present study aimed to identify the degree of psychological security and self-efficacy among the Syrian refugee students inside and outside the camps. The sample consisted of 600 students from Syrian refugees inside and outside the camps in the second semester of the academic year 2014-2015. Scales for psychological security and self- efficacy were implemented to answer the study questions. Results indicated low degree of psychological security for Syrian refugee students inside the camps but moderate for those outside the camps. The results also showed low degree of self-efficacy among Syrian refugee students inside and outside the camps. The results indicated also statistically significant correlation between psychological security and self- efficacy.
A Alomorfia dos nomes Agentivos terminados em -Dor/-Or em Português
Authors: Madruga Magnun Rochel
Published: January 2018

Este trabalho discute a múltipla alomorfia presente na formação de nomes agentivos em português com terminações em dor, or, tor, sor, zor.  A alomorfia dos agentivos é uma questão aberta na literatura e os trabalhos desenvolvidos preocuparam-se com as questões semânticas e aspectuais. Para tratar da alomorfia em específico, elaborou-se um experimento em que 15 participantes tinha de gera um novo agentivo a partir de  logatomas verbais em suas formas infintivas e de particípio apresentados em uma sentença. Os resultados sugerem que a formação de nomes agentivos tem como base uma raiz e o tema verbal. Quando -dor é concatenado ao tema verbal o alomorfe –dor é superficializado; quando -dor  é adjungido à raiz, este, em função do Princípio do Contorno Obrigatório, superficializa-se como  -or. À luz da Morfologia Distribuída, propõe-se que os sufixos alomorfes desse tipo de agentivos em português sejam apenas -dor e -or.
A teoria do metro de Fabb & Halle e o decassílabo português
Authors: Alvarez Beethoven Barreto
Published: January 2018

Neste artigo, pretendo primeiramente expor a teoria sobre o metro proposta por Nigel Fabb & Morris Halle, em Meter in Poetry: A new theory (CUP, 2008), para, em seguida, aplicar seu aparato conceitual a versos decassílabos da tradição poética portuguesa e brasileira, tendo como base versos desde Sá de Miranda até Januário da Cunha Barbosa, indo do século XVI ao XIX, com objetivo de ampliar as análises de Fabb & Halle, que consideraram apenas muito brevemente versos em português em seu estudo, e propor uma explicação para a diversidade acentual do decassílabo, demonstrando como o metro decassílabo, de natureza iâmbica, ou seja, com acentuação em sílabas pares, comporta acentos em sílabas ímpares. Após a aplicação da teoria de Fabb & Halle ao metro português, pretendo ainda discutir as falhas e lacunas apontadas pelas diversas revisões que recebeu o trabalho desses linguistas, em especial, confrontando os resultados da aplicação da teoria com as propostas de solução da métrica tradicional, para, ao final, destacar as possibilidades de trabalho com a nova teoria e entrever seus limites, sempre com ênfase no metro decassílabo português.
Um gesto de perpetuação: as profissões científicas em revista de divulgação científica para crianças
Authors: Baalbaki Angela Corrêa Ferreira
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a seção “Quando crescer, vou ser ...”, da revista de divulgação científica Ciência Hoje das Crianças (CHC). Destacamos a memória como o conceito teórico basilar para a reflexão desenvolvida. Detivemo-nos em dois enunciados que povoam o imaginário sobre o futuro da criança brasileira: “cientistas de amanhã” e “criminosos de amanhã”. Importa sublinhar que, considerando esses dois enunciados, pudemos conjugar a historicidade inscrita no título da seção da revista CHC; de fato, um enunciado que ressoa o imaginário de infância atrelada à profissão de cientista, diga-se uma profissão socialmente prestigiada. O efeito de sentido produzido na seção é o da promoção da perpetuação imaginária de futuro promissor para os leitores da revista. Observa-se que o trabalho da memória constrói uma previsibilidade, produzindo a ilusão de que nada muda, ou melhor, a ilusão de perpetuação da valorização da atividade científica, sobretudo, da valorização das ciências naturais e exatas
Arcádia melodiosa no Brasil
Authors: Marques Pedro
Published: January 2018

A lírica árcade modera as convenções clássicas. A máquina poético-retórica forjada a partir do século XVI, no XVIII, refunde-se numa estilização didática. Poeta e público pactuam a mediania culta, de alusões mitológicas e intertextuais, a figuras semânticas e construtivas, passando por ritmos e formas. Partilha-se a dicção afável ao espírito educado, nem erudito nem néscio. A lição horaciana do mesclar graça e utilidade dirige as composições, valoriza a ilustração deleitos
Mutações da literatura no século XXI, de Leyla Perrone-Moisés
Authors: Alves Fernanda Andrade do Nascimento
Published: January 2018

Resenha do livro recém-publicado da professora e crítica literária Leyla Perrone-Moisés.
“Pathé-Baby”: os deslizamentos da prosa turística de Alcântara Machado
Authors: Carvalho Danielle Crepaldi
Published: January 2018

O artigo propõe uma análise de Pathé-Baby (1926), do paulistano Alcântara Machado, no que toca ao diálogo estabelecido pela obra com a tradição literária – sobretudo no que diz respeito à subversão do tema e da forma do longevo gênero “Literatura de Viagem”. Para tanto, investiga os ecos da Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes (Paris, 1925) na prosa do autor. A câmera portátil que dá título à obra define o palmilhar cortante do escritor modernista pelas milenares cidades europeias, acabando por balizar as coordenadas da nova literatura brasileira.
Me segura
Authors: Dassie Franklin Alves
Published: January 2018

Nesse ensaio proponho uma leitura livros em que o processo de montagem/feitura é um dos elementos fundamentais para a compreensão de suas respectivas poéticas. Em um primeiro momento, analiso a imagem do “sol quadrado” em Grapefruit de Yoko Ono. A partir dessa imagem, mas em outro contexto, aproximo esse livro de Me segura que eu vou dar um troço de Waly Salomão. Em ambos os casos, penso como esses dois livros, através mesmo do processo de montagem/feitura, solicitam a participação do leitor/a. Para isso, dialogo com Michel Melot, Roland Barthes, a prática artística de Hélio Oiticica, a cinematográfica de Jean-Luc Godard e, sobretudo, com as reflexões de Charles Baudelaire na introdução de Pequenos poemas em prosa. Imagino, assim, a ideia de lançamento como um gesto coletivo em que autor/a e leitora se lançam na criação de experiências mais comunais. Palavras-chave: livro, montagem, leitura.
O lugar do livro é para sempre um lugar perdido: Edmond Jabès e o pensamento da obra
Authors: Anglada Carolina
Published: January 2018

A partir das recentes traduções para o português da obra do escritor Edmond Jabès, o presente artigo se propõe indagar sobre o estatuto do livro em sua obra, considerando a extensa e ininterrupta pesquisa que Jabès realiza relacionando livro literário e livro sagrado, narrativa e aforisma, exílio e morada, palavra escrita e oralidade. Trata-se de uma investigação acerca de alguns dos sentidos que emergem de uma obra poética inteiramente voltada à potência e à impotência da escrita e da leitura, em suas tensões irresolutas com questões formais, de memória e preservação.
Apresentação
Authors: Veras Eduardo , Alcides Sérgio
Published: January 2018

Desde a sua origem moderna – a instigante aventura de Montaigne –, o ensaio habilita um espaço discursivo de caráter experimental no qual o sujeito se põe em jogo na deriva de uma escrita provisional, assistemática e descontínua, que prescinde do direcionamento do plano prévio e das certezas conclusivas. Essa disposição experimental liberta o ensaio das grades classificatórias dos gêneros literários e dos saberes disciplinares, propiciando a configuração de textualidades de fronteiras permeáveis que corroem as convenções discursivas. Se na atualidade o domínio da literatura perdeu a nitidez de suas demarcações e se expande em direção de outros discursos e linguagens, colocando em questão a sua especificidade e autonomia, consideramos oportuno revisitar a escrita ensaística como prática de exploração liminar que desestabiliza as formas institucionalizadas da literatura. Esse propósito norteou a organização deste dossiê da revista Remate de Males a qual reúne um conjunto de artigos voltados para o estudo do ensaio e as escritas liminares de diversas literaturas (brasileira, hispano-americana, inglesa, alemã, francesa, espanhola, canadense) e épocas (do século XVIII à atualidade). Essa linha de indagação projeta-se, ainda, em alguns dos artigos avulsos, em duas resenhas e em uma entrevista que completam o volume.
Uma carta inédita de Baudelaire a Auguste Lacaussade
Authors: Schellino Andrea
Published: January 2018

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Game of Thrones: Accommodating Monetary Policies in a Monetary Union
Authors: Blueschke Dmitri , Neck Reinhard
Published: January 2018

In this paper we present an application of the dynamic tracking games framework to a monetary union. We use a small stylized nonlinear three-country macroeconomic model of a monetary union to analyse the interactions between fiscal (governments) and monetary (common central bank) policy makers, assuming different objective functions of these decision makers. Using the OPTGAME algorithm we calculate solutions for several games: a noncooperative solution where each government and the central bank play against each other (a feedback Nash Equilibrium solution), a fully cooperative solution with all players following a joint course of action (a Pareto optimal solution), and three solutions where various coalitions (subsets of the players) play against coalitions of the other players in a noncooperative way. It turns out that the fully cooperative solution yields the best results, the noncooperative solution fares worst, and the coalition games lie in between, with a broad coalition of the fiscally more responsible countries and the central bank against the less thrifty country coming closest to the Pareto optimum.
A Multi-Agent System Based Approach to Fight Financial Fraud: An Application to Money Laundering
Authors: Alexandre Claudio , Balsa João
Published: January 2018

The anti-money laundering (AML) process has failed both in identifying suspicious cases in due time as in assisting the AML analysts in decision making. Starting from a new generic anti-fraud approach, this article presents the main aspects related to the development of a multi-agent system that goes beyond the capture of suspicious transactions, seeking to assist the human expert in the analysis of suspicious behaviour. First, a transactional behavioural profile of clients is obtained in a data mining process. A set of rules, obtained through data mining over a real database, in conjunction with specific rules based on legal aspects and in the expertise of the AML analysts make up the agents' knowledge base. The cases for which the system was unable to suggest a decision are flagged as requiring more detailed analysis. The system analysed 6 months of real transactions and indicated several suspicious profiles, a set of these suspects was investigated by the AML analysts who proved the suspicion of several cases, including some that had not been identified by the systems in execution.
Relationship between Response to PDE5 Inhibitors and Penil Duplex Doppler Ultrasound in Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Ogreden Ercan , Oğuz Ural , Demirelli Erhan , Tosun Alptekin , Yalçın Orhan
Published: January 2018

Relationship between the results of penile duplex doppler ultrasound (PDDU) and response to vardenafil was investigated in patients diagnosed with erectile dysfunction (ED). Data of 148 patients with ED were analysed retrospectively. Patients who did not respond to therapy were classified as Group I (n = 32), those responded partially were classified as Group II (n = 40) and complete responders were classified as Group III (n = 76). Age, comorbid diseases, vascular and penile pathology were compared among the three groups. While diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipedimia positivity adversely affect the response to treatment, the presence of hypertension (HT), peyronie's disease and priapism increase the therapeutic response to the treatment (p < 0.05). Arterial insufficiency was present in 20(30.3%), 25(37,9%) and 21(31.8%) of the patients in Group I, Group II and Group III, respectively (p = 0.001). Venous insufficiency was observed in 3(14.3%) patients in Group I and in 8(85.7%) patients in Group III (p = 0.001). Arterial/venous insufficiency was seen in 9(30%), 14(46.7%) and 7(23.3%) of the patients in Group I, Group II and Group III, respectively (p = 0.001). Response rate to treatment was highest in normal patients according to PDDU, followed by patients with venous insuffiency. Besides, it was found that DM decreased the response to treatment, whereas response was increased in cases with HT, priapism and Peyronie’s disease.
Formation of Deformation-Induced Products in a Metastable β-titanium Alloy during High Temperature Compression
Authors: Samiee Alireza , Casillas Gilberto , Ahmed Mansur , G. Savvakin Dmytro , Naseri Ryan , Pereloma Elena
Published: January 2018

A metastable β-Ti alloy, Ti–10V–3Fe–3Al (wt.%), was subjected to thermos-mechanical processing including the compression test at 725°C, which is below the β transus temperature (780°C), and at strain rate of 10-3s-1. The presence of phases was determined using transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Although the dynamic recovery took place together with slip, both deformation-induced α˝ martensite and ω were detected as other operating mechanisms for the first time in metastable-β Ti alloys deformed in α+β region. The volume fraction of stress-induced α˝ was higher than that of the same alloy deformed at room temperature due to higher strain applied. Stress-induced twinning was not operational, which could be related to the priority of slip mechanism at high temperature resulted from thermally-assisted nucleation and lateral migration of kink-pairs.
Evidence of Adaptation to Recent Changes in Atmospheric CO2 in Four Weedy Species
Authors: Bunce James
Published: January 2018

Seeds of three C3 and one C4 annual weedy species were collected from agricultural fields in Beltsville, Maryland in 1966 and 2006, when atmospheric CO2 concentrations averaged about 320 and 380 mmol mol-1, respectively.  Plants from each collection year were grown over a range of CO2 concentrations to test for adaptation of these weedy species to recent changes in atmospheric CO2.  In all three of the C3 species, the increase in CO2 concentration from 320 to 380 mmol mol-1 increased total dry mass at 24 days in plants from seeds collected in 2006, but not in plants from seeds collected in 1966.  Shoot and seed dry mass at maturity was greater at the higher growth CO2 in plants collected in 2006 than in 1966 in two of the species.  Down regulation of photosynthetic carboxylation capacity during growth at high CO2 was less in the newer seed lots than in the older in two of the species.  Overall, the results indicate that adaptation to recent changes in atmospheric CO2 has occurred in some of these weedy species.
Delayed Presentation of Compartment Syndrome of the Thigh in a Previously Undiagnosed Factor VII-Deficient High School Football Athlete
Authors: McQuerry Jessica L. , Burnham Jeremy M. , Ireland Mary Lloyd , Wright Raymond D.
Published: January 2018

Case:

We describe a case of delayed presentation of compartment syndrome in the anterior aspect of the thigh in a high school athlete. The patient had sustained a blow to the thigh 8 days prior to presentation, and had continued to practice football in the setting of undiagnosed coagulopathy. He presented with severe thigh pain and the inability to contract the thigh muscles.

Conclusion:

A high index of suspicion for compartment syndrome is indicated for patients with disproportionate pain, especially in the setting of relatively minor trauma. Underlying coagulopathy should be investigated in patients with compartment syndrome because there is a high incidence of bleeding disorders in this population.
Toleransi Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum) Terhadap Suhu Tinggi Berdasarkan Kemampuan Berproduksi di Dataran Medium
Authors: Djuariah Diny , Handayani Tri , Sofiari Eri
Published: January 2018

Produksi dan produktivitas tanaman kentang menjadi salah satu yang terdampak oleh kenaikan suhu akibat pemanasan global. Untuk itu, diperlukan upaya adaptasi budidaya dengan penggunaan kultivar yang toleran terhadap suhu tinggi. Penelitian untuk melihat toleransi tanaman kentang terhadap suhu tinggi telah dilakukan di dataran medium Majalengka (550 m dpl), pada bulan September sampai November 2014. Sepuluh klon, yaitu Klon 1 (397077.16), Klon 2 (397073.7), Klon 3 (392781.1), Klon 4 (391846.5), Klon 5 (395195.7), Klon 6 (394613.139), Granola, Atlantik, Merbabu-17 dan Tenggo,  ditanam menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, 3 kali ulangan, dengan sistem doble row. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Klon 5 toleran  terhadap suhu tinggi di dataran medium Majalengka dan mampu berproduksi dengan baik, ditunjukkan dengan rerata produksi ubi yang mencapai 430 gram per tanaman, rerata jumlah ubi 8,70 ubi per tanaman dan perkiraan hasil yang mencapai 19,37 ton per hektar. Klon 5 ini memiliki keunikan dibandingkan klon-klon lainnya pada karakter batang yang berwarna hijau keunguan, ubi berbentuk oval memanjang dengan kulit dan daging yang berwarna putih. Berdasarkan keunggulan yang dimiliki oleh Klon 5 di pengujian ini, maka Klon 5 dapat direkomendasikan sebagai klon unggul di dataran medium dan dapat dimanfaatkan dalam program pemuliaan tanaman kentang untuk tujuan ketahanan terhadap suhu tinggi.

 
Pengaruh Arah Pergerakan Nozzle dalam Penyemprotan Pestisida Terhadap Liputan dan Distribusi Butiran Semprot dan Efikasi Pestisida pada Tanaman Kentang
Authors: Prabaningrum Laksminiwati
Published: January 2018

Petani kentang melakukan  penyemprotan pestisida dengan cara yang  bervariasi. Setiap cara aplikasi membutuhkan volume semprot yang bervariasi pula, yang akan menghasilkan liputan dan distribusi butiran semprot yang berbeda. Hal itu mempengaruhi kualitas dan keberhasilan penyemprotan. Oleh karena itu cara penyemprotan pestisida perlu dievaluasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli s.d. Oktober 2015 di Kebun Percobaan Margahayu (1.250 m dpl.), Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran di Lembang. Tujuannya ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dua arah nozzle pada saat penyemprotan terhadap liputan dan distribusi butiran semprot serta efikasi pestisida terhadap hama dan penyakit tanaman kentang. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Petak Berpasangan dengan empat ulangan dan perlakuan yang diuji ialah : (A) cara penyemprotan dengan nozzle di atas tajuk menghadap ke bawah dan digerakkan ke depan dengan konstan dan (B) cara penyemprotan dengan nozzle diayunkan dari bawah ke arah tanaman dengan sudut 45o. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyemprotan dengan nozzle diayunkan dari bawah ke arah tanaman dengan sudut 45o menghasilkan peliputan atau tingkat penutupan butiran semprot pada daun atas, tengah maupun bawah pada sisi atas maupun bawah yang lebih tinggi. Selain itu persentase daun yang mendapat paparan butiran semprot secara merata juga lebih tinggi. Hal itu mengakibatkan efikasi pestisida terhadap hama dan penyakit tanaman kentang menjadi lebih baik, yang ditunjukkan oleh populasi trips dan kutudaun pada perlakuan tersebut lebih rendah. Cara penyemprotan tersebut juga menguntungkan secara ekonomi dengan tingkat pengembalian sebesar 26,5. Dengan demikian cara penyemprotan tersebut layak untuk direkomendasikan sebagai cara penyemprotan yang tepat pada tanaman kentang.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Larutan Garam NaCl terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kualitas Bibit Lima Kultivar Asparagus
Authors: Kusumiyati NFN , Onggo Tino Mutiarawati , Habibah Fajrianti Anandya
Published: January 2018

Kondisi iklim tropis seperti di Indonesia yang memiliki suhu dan kelembaban udara yang tinggi, memicu penyebaran penyakit yang merupakan masalah utama pada pertanaman asparagus. Penggunaan air garam (kondisi salin) pada media tanam dapat mengendalikan penyakit busuk akar dan memperbaiki pertumbuhan tanaman asparagus. Percobaan ini bertujuan menguji ketahanan salinitas dari lima kultivar asparagus untuk memilih kultivar asparagus yang menghasilkan pertumbuhan bibit yang baik ditanam di Indonesia. Percobaan dilaksanakan di kecamatan Cisarua, Bandung dengan tinggi tempat 1.100 meter di atas permukaan laut dari bulan April sampai September 2014. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah kultivar asparagus terdiri dari lima kultivar yaitu Atlas F1; De Paoli F1 Hybrid; Jing Green No. 1 Hybrid F1; San Knight Hybrid F1 dan Jaleo. Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi larutan garam terdiri dari tiga taraf yaitu 1.0 g L-1; 4.0 g L-1 dan 7.0 g L-1. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan tidak adanya interaksi antara jenis kultivar dan konsentrasi larutan garam. Pengaruh mandiri dari perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa kultivar De Paoli F1 Hybrid menghasilkan bobot segar bibit, tinggi bibit, jumlah batang, bobot shoot, bobot crown, volume crown, panjang akar dan jumlah akar yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kultivar lainnya. Kultivar San Knight Hybrid F1 menghasilkan bibit yang lebih rendah dari semua komponen pengamatan dibandingkan kultivar lainnya. Aplikasi konsentrasi larutan garam 4 dan 7 g L-1 menunjukkan tinggi bibit, jumlah batang, bobot segar bibit, bobot shoot, bobot crown dan volume crown lebih rendah dibandingkan konsentrasi larutan garam 1 g L-1. Pengaruh konsentrasi larutan garam 7 g L-1 nyata menekan pertumbuhan panjang akar dan jumlah akar.
Development of a preconcentration method for indomethacin in natural waters using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop technique
Authors: Topaç Nesrin , Karadaş Cennet , Kara Derya
Published: January 2018

A new dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method based on the solidification of a floating organic drop was developed for the preconcentration of indomethacin in natural waters followed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometric detection. 1-undecanol and ethanol were used as the extraction solvent and the disperser solvent, respectively. An investigation of the main experimental parameters that may affect the extraction efficiency, such as sample pH, volume of extraction and disperser solvents, sodium chloride concentration and centrifugation time was undertaken. The effect of interfering ions on the recovery of indomethacin was also examined. Under optimal conditions without any preconcentration, the limit of detection was 17.9 μg/L calculated from LOD = 3 Sb/m and was also calculated as 74.9 μg/L from the regression values of the calibration line using 3.19 Se/m. The proposed preconcentration method was successfully applied to determination of indomethacin in spiked tap water and river water samples. The recovery values for spikes added to water samples were between 94.5 and 103.0%.
Bacteriological quality of swimming pool and spa water in northern Greece during 2011–2016: is it time for Pseudomonas aeruginosa to be included in Greek regulation?
Authors: Tirodimos Ilias , Christoforidou Eleni P. , Nikolaidou Sofia , Arvanitidou Malamatenia
Published: January 2018

The risk of illness or infection associated with recreational water environments is mainly associated with faecal water contamination. Non-faecal human shedding into the pool water or surrounding area is also a potential source of pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aim of the current study is to describe and evaluate the bacteriological quality of 2,844 swimming pool and jacuzzi/spa water samples in northern Greece during the 2011–2016 period. Bacteriological quality of recreational water includes heterotrophic bacteria, total coliforms and Escherichia coli according to Greek Hygienic Regulation. P. aeruginosa is a significant agent of opportunistic infection in aquatic environments and was also examined in the aforementioned samples. We aimed to indicate the importance of including P. aeruginosa as a recreational water quality indicator in the revised Hygienic Regulation. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0. The quality of all types of swimming pools was evaluated as excellent since less than 5% was found not to meet the regulations. Considering the presence and concentration of P. aeruginosa, the number of samples that would not meet the standards would differ significantly (18.9%). P. aeruginosa was detected in a larger amount of samples (15.2%) than E. coli (0.6%), which indicates that P. aeruginosa should be assessed as an important factor.
Del Actual Sistema de Enfermedad a un verdadero Sistema de Salud
Authors: Alvarez-Miño Lidice
Published: January 2018

Esta editorial tiene como objetivo generar una reflexión y abrir el debate sobre el sistema actual de salud que se refleja en prácticas naturalizadas  que se contradicen con la esencia del significado de la salud. Se trata de la costumbre de acudir al sistema de salud únicamente cuando se considera que se está enfermo, o peor aún, la equivalencia reduccionista y casi automática del concepto de salud como sinónimo de medicina.
A Review on Synthesis, Anticancer and Antiviral Potentials of Pyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: Kumar Sanjiv , Deep Aakash , Narasimhan Balasubramanian
Published: January 2018

Background:

Pyrimidine is the six membered heterocyclic aromatic compound similar to
benzene and pyridine containing two nitrogen atoms at 1st and 3rd positions. Pyrimidine is present
throughout nature in various forms and is the building blocks of numerous natural compounds from
antibiotics to vitamins and liposacharides. The most commonly recognized pyrimidines are the bases of
RNA and DNA, the most abundant being cytosine, thymine or uracil.

Results:

Pyrimidine is a core structure in a wide variety of compounds that exhibits significant biological
activity and also plays an important role in the drug discovery process. Various synthetic aspects
indicated that pyrimidine derivatives are easy to synthesize and has diverse biological and chemical
applications. The present review article aims to review the work reported on synthesis, anticancer and
antiviral potentials of pyrimidine derivatives during new millennium.

Conclusion:

It may be concluded that the fused pyrimidine derivatives enhanced the anticancer potential
against different human cancer cell lines and antiviral potential against different human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) etc, which created interest among the medicinal
chemists in the pyrimidine skeleton in medicinal chemistry. Thus, a tremendous scope for research is
present in this direction for investigating pyrimidine derivatives as lead molecules.
Diagnóstico para la ejecución de proyectos de investigación y su relación con la mejora del aprendizaje de la asignatura de máquinas eléctricas en los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica de la Universidad Nacional de Ingenierí
Authors: Cáceres C. Víctor , Gutiérrez P. Agustín
Published: January 2018

La presente Investigación tiene como objetivo principal, demostrar que el diagnóstico para la ejecución de proyectos de investigación tiene relación con la mejora del aprendizaje de la asignatura de máquinas eléctricas en los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, en el año académico 2016; sustentada en los registros de notas de los estudiantes de los miembros investigadores. La Investigación es importante, porque la aplicación de estrategias educativas como son, la ejecución de Proyectos de Investigación guiada, la Ejecución de Proyectos con innovación que coadyuva a la obtención de patentes, con la participación de estudiantes y docentes tutores y la reglamentación u ordenamiento del mismo, mediante la elaboración de un Reglamento de Organización y Funciones; contribuirán de la mejor forma posible a la buena formación profesional del estudiante de la Facultad de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. En la presente Investigación se demuestra que es necesario e importante poner en práctica las estrategias educativas antes mencionadas a fin de mejorar la calidad del proceso enseñanza ‐ aprendizaje de la asignatura de máquinas eléctricas en los estudiantes, así como también mejorar la formación profesional de los estudiantes de la facultad en mención.
Concreto de alto rendimiento, predicción de su resistencia a la compresión mediante redes neuronales artificiales
Authors: Acuña P. Luis , Espinoza H. Pedro C. , Moromi N. Isabel , Torre C. Ana V. , García F. Francisco
Published: January 2018

En las edificaciones de las viviendas modernas el concreto es un elemento fundamental que interviene. De otro lado en las construcciones de puentes, diques, túneles, esto es en la construcción de estructuras no estándares de la ingeniería civil, el concreto que se utiliza es el de alto rendimiento (CAR) que aparte de los componentes básicos como el agua, cemento, agregados finos y gruesos, contienen otros aditivos cementantes, como las microsílices. El problema es conseguir un recurso tecnológico que ayude a pronosticar la resistencia de CAR a partir de sus datos de fabricación, pero esto es imposible. Sin embargo, se tiene las redes neuronales artificiales que cumplen este papel, que luego de entrenadas se transforman en verdaderas funciones matemáticas que aproximan los valores esperados de las resistencias de las probetas de concreto. El nivel de aproximación se estima por la correlación entre la respuesta y el valor esperado de la red. Entonces resulta muy útil contar con una red neuronal que permita simular numéricamente la resistencia del concreto, incluso antes de su fabricación. En esta investigación se han obtenido diversas redes neuronales artificiales que pronostican la resistencia a compresión del CAR con correlaciones que varían entre 0.86 y 0.91.
Comportamiento de torre de lavado a nivel de escala para la remoción de H2S de un reactor anaerobico de flujo ascendente
Authors: Acaro José , Quispe Jeannie , Salas Mali
Published: January 2018

Nuestro equipo en esta oportunidad hizo una simulación de una torre de lavado, la cual la aplicamos en el reactor UASB, a manera de escala construimos una torre de lavado compuesta por difusores, una cama de sólidos hecha de material de esponja, un tubo de acrílico y todas las conexiones que conducen el biogás con H2S. Los componentes a eliminar y/o remover fueron los gases que salen del reactor, en especial del H2S (gas odorífero y toxico que a grandes concentraciones pude llevar a la muerte y como resultado de sus reacciones con el ambiente puede causar daños en las estructuras con la cual este en contacto) mediante la oxidación con el oxígeno disuelto que proveen las microalgas presentes en el agua de la laguna terciara utilizada. Esta torre de lavado la montamos en las instalaciones de CITRAR‐UNI con el permiso del operador y vimos el comportamiento que tiene esta torre, mediante los monitoreos de oxígeno disuelto, temperatura, pH y sulfatos que realizamos durante tres semanas de monitoreo. Como resultados obtuvimos que la torre de lavado sí oxidaba y removía la contracción de H2S, ya que cuando pasaba el tiempo se consumía el oxígeno disuelto, además de esto también en el monitoreo de sulfatos pudimos observar un aumento de este parámetro es decir la torre si estaba consumiendo en H2S, y por esta razón también disminuyo el olor fétido que produce este gas.
System Identification and Tuning of Wireless Power Transfer Systems with Multiple Magnetically Coupled Resonators
Authors: Winges Johan , Rylander Thomas , Petersson Carl , Ekman Christian , Johansson Lars-Åke , McKelvey Tomas
Published: January 2018

We present a procedure for system identification and tuning of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system with four magnetically coupled resonators, where each resonator consists of a coil and a capacitor bank. The system-identification procedure involves three main steps: 1) individual measurement of the capacitor banks in the system; 2) measurement of the frequency-dependent two-port impedance matrix of the magnetically coupled resonators; and 3) determining the inductance of all coils and their corresponding coupling coefficients using a Bayesian approach. The Bayesian approach involves solving an optimization problem where we minimize the mismatch between the measured and simulated impedance matrix together with a penalization term that incorporates information from a direct measurement procedure of the inductance and losses of the coils. This identification procedure yields an accurate system model which we use to tune the four capacitance values to recover high system-performance and account for, e.g., manufacturing tolerances and coil displacement. For a prototype WPT system, we achieve 3.3~kW power transfer with 91\% system efficiency over an air-gap distance of approximately 20~cm.