bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In situ эллипсометрический мониторинг состава и температуры слоeв HgCdTe в процессе их роста
Authors: Швец В.А. , Марин Д.В. , Азаров И.А. , Якушев М.В. , Рыхлицкий С.В.
Published: September 2021

Разработана эллипсометрическая методика, позволяющая наблюдать за изменениями состава и температуры слоeв кадмий--ртуть--теллур в процессе их выращивания методом молекулярно-лучевой эпитаксии. Методика опробована для диагностики состава и температуры при выращивании слоeв в режиме постоянной мощности нагревателя подложки и при еe резком изменении. Установлено, что падение мощности и последующее уменьшение температуры роста сопровождается также монотонным уменьшением состава. В случае постоянной мощности нагревателя наблюдается незначительное увеличение температуры образца при практически неизменном составе растущего слоя. Ключевые слова: эллипсометрия, кадмий--ртуть--теллур, HgCdTe, состава, in situ контроль температуры, эпитаксиальный рост.
Аномальное изменение размера спинового полярона в парамагнитной области температур в La-=SUB=-1.2-=/SUB=-Sr-=SUB=-1.8-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=-
Authors: Гудин С.А.
Published: September 2021

In this work, we continued the study of the magnetic and electrical properties of the double perovskite La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7, which has a colossal magnetoresistance in excess of 1200 near the Curie temperature. It is shown that the colossal magnetoresistance observed in La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7 is well described on the basis of the “orientational” and “spin-polaron” conduction mechanisms. It was found in the work that in the absence of a magnetic field, the linear size of the spin polaron decreases with increasing temperature in the ferromagnetic region, and upon the transition of manganite to the paramagnetic state, the linear size begins to increase, reaching a maximum at 180 K. At temperatures exceeding 180 K, an anomalous temperature change the size of the spin polaron disappears. In the absence of a magnetic field, the detected peak on the temperature curve of the change in the size of the spin polaron is maximal; with the inclusion of the magnetic field, the peak height decreases. Mechanisms are proposed to explain this anomalous temperature behavior of the spin polaron size.
Взаимодействие Дзялошинского-Мория в синтетических ферримагнетиках Pt/Co/Ir/Co/Pt
Authors: Безверхний А.И. , Губанов В.А. , Садовников А.В. , Моргунов Р.Б.
Published: September 2021

We had found nonreciprocity of spin waves in Pt/Co/Ir/Co/Pt synthetic ferrimagnets by Brillouin light scattering technique. It is shown that the main contribution to the nonreciprocity of spin waves is made by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction with an energy density D ≈ 1.7 - 2.3 erg/cm2. The energy density of the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction in Pt/Co/Ir/Co/Pt synthetic ferrimagnets is higher than its values in heterostructures with one Co layer Pt/Co(1 nm)/Ir ~ 1.4 erg/cm2. The D value of synthetic ferrimagnets decreases with increasing thickness of the Co thin layer.
Корреляция электрических, гальваномагнитных и магнитных характеристик нанокристаллических пленок железа, полученных методом ионно-ассистированного осаждения
Authors: Головчук В.И. , Бумай Ю.А. , Лукашевич М.Г. , Лядов Н.М. , Файзрахманов И.А. , Хайбуллин Р.И.
Published: September 2021

Here we present the measurements of the temperature dependence of resistance, transverse and longitudinal magnetoresistance (MR) in nanocrystalline iron films in the temperature range 2-300 K and the sweep of the magnetic field up to 8 T. Thin nanocrystalline films of α- iron phase with 80 nm thickness were obtained by ion-beam assisted deposition on a silicon substrate. In addition to the shape anisotropy, the obtained iron films exhibited perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), which disappeared after annealing the films at a temperature of 450 oC in a vacuum. The effect of PMA on the sign and magnitude of the MR of iron films, as well as on the magnetic field dependences of the magnetoresistive effect, recorded at different orientations of the external magnetic field with respect to the film plane and current direction, is experimentally shown. The results obtained are discussed in the framework of modern views on the processes of charge transfer in a weakly disordered ferromagnetic films with different magnetic anisotropy and domain structure when a weak (less than the saturation field of magnetization) or strong (higher than the saturation field) external magnetic field is applied.
Эллипсометрия нанокристаллических пленок VO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-, VO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- : Mg, VO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- : Ge
Authors: Кастро Р.А. , Ильинский А.В. , Смирнова Л.М. , Пашкевич М.Э. , Шадрин Е.Б.
Published: September 2021

The spectra of the refractive index n(λ) and the extinction coefficient k(λ) of thin VO2, VO2: Mg, VO2:Ge films were measured using the ellipsometric method. For an undoped VO2 film at a wavelength λ = 632.8 nm, near the insulator-metal phase transition, the n(T) and k(T) thermal hysteresis loops were studied. An interpretation of the results is given on the base of the Moss relation, the idea of a change in n(T) and k(T) with an impurity variation of the material density, and also on the base of the ideology of the Coulomb transformation of the density of states function in strongly correlated materials.
Теплоемкость скандобората NdSc-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-(BO_3)-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-
Authors: Еремин Е.В. , Андрюшин Н.Д. , Гудим И.А. , Павловский М.С. , Титова В.Р.
Published: September 2021

Single crystals of trigonal neodymium scandoborate NdSc3(BO3)4 were grown by the group method from a solution-melt based on bismuth trimolybdate. The molar heat capacity C(T) was studied in the temperature range 2-300 K and magnetic fields up to 9 T. The experimental curve was approximated by the combined Debye-Einstein model. The lattice contribution was determined from ab-initio calculations. Schottky anomaly was observed in the low-temperature region C(T) with the applied magnetic field.
Role of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose–Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging in the Prediction of Prognosis in Patients With Indolent Lymphoma: Prospective Study
Authors: AlShehry Nawal Faiez , Shanker Raja , Zaidi Syed Ziauddin Ahmed , AlGhmlas Fahad , Motabi Ibraheem Hussein , Iqbal Shahid , Butt Ahmad Ali , AlShehri Hassan , Tailor Imran Khan , Altaf Syed Yasir , AlGhamdi Mubarak , Marie Mohammed , AlFayez Mansour , Al Zahrani Kamal , Dwaimah Mohammed , Al-Halouli Tahani , Al-Shakweer Wafaa , AlShehery Maied Zaher , Zaidi Abdul Rehman Zia , Gill Atta Munawar , Albtoosh Belal Mohammed , Ahmed Musab
Published: September 2021

Background

The role of fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in indolent lymphoma has been minimally studied.

Objective

This study aims to assess the value of FDG-PET/CT in predicting the prognosis of indolent lymphoma.

Methods

We prospectively recruited 42 patients with indolent lymphoma. A total of 2 patients were excluded, and 40 underwent baseline PET/CT and follow-up at various time points. A total of 9 patients were observed only, 7 received 4 doses of rituximab alone, and 24 received chemoimmunotherapy. Metabolic response on follow-up PET/CT was assessed using the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and Deauville criteria (DC). We aimed to obtain the best SUVmax and DC to predict optimal survival rates, risk stratification, and optimize therapeutic strategies. The mean follow-up from the initial diagnosis was 33.83 months.

Results

SUVmax <4.35 at interim PET/CT provided the best discrimination, with a progression-free survival (PFS) of 100% and a median survival time of 106.67 months compared with SUVmax ≥4.35 (P=.04), which had a PFS of 43.8% and a median survival time of 50.17 months. This cutoff was also valuable in predicting overall survival at baseline, that is, 100% overall survival with baseline SUVmax <4.35, versus 58.4% for SUVmax ≥4.35 (P=.13). The overall survival of patients with a baseline DC score <3.0 was 100%, with a median overall survival of 106.67 months.

Conclusions

We demonstrated the utility of PET/CT in indolent lymphomas. SUVmax (<4.35 vs ≥4.35) on interim PET/CT performed best in predicting PFS.
Stakeholder Perspectives on an Inpatient Hypoglycemia Informatics Alert: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Mathioudakis Nestoras , Aboabdo Moeen , Abusamaan Mohammed S , Yuan Christina , Lewis Boyer LaPricia , Pilla Scott J , Johnson Erica , Desai Sanjay , Knight Amy , Greene Peter , Golden Sherita H
Published: September 2021

Background

Iatrogenic hypoglycemia is a common occurrence among hospitalized patients and is associated with poor clinical outcomes and increased mortality. Clinical decision support systems can be used to reduce the incidence of this potentially avoidable adverse event.

Objective

This study aims to determine the desired features and functionality of a real-time informatics alert to prevent iatrogenic hypoglycemia in a hospital setting.

Methods

Using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Five Rights of Effective Clinical Decision Support Framework, we conducted a mixed methods study using an electronic survey and focus group sessions of hospital-based providers. The goal was to elicit stakeholder input to inform the future development of a real-time informatics alert to target iatrogenic hypoglycemia. In addition to perceptions about the importance of the problem and existing barriers, we sought input regarding the content, format, channel, timing, and recipient for the alert (ie, the Five Rights). Thematic analysis of focus group sessions was conducted using deductive and inductive approaches.

Results

A 21-item electronic survey was completed by 102 inpatient-based providers, followed by 2 focus group sessions (6 providers per session). Respondents universally agreed or strongly agreed that inpatient iatrogenic hypoglycemia is an important problem that can be addressed with an informatics alert. Stakeholders expressed a preference for an alert that is nonintrusive, accurate, communicated in near real time to the ordering provider, and provides actionable treatment recommendations. Several electronic medical record tools, including alert indicators in the patient header, glucose management report, and laboratory results section, were deemed acceptable formats for consideration. Concerns regarding alert fatigue were prevalent among both survey respondents and focus group participants.

Conclusions

The design preferences identified in this study will provide the framework needed for an informatics team to develop a prototype alert for pilot testing and evaluation. This alert will help meet the needs of hospital-based clinicians caring for patients with diabetes who are at a high risk of treatment-related hypoglycemia.
Development and Evaluation of a Virtual Reality Puzzle Game to Decrease Food Intake: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Liu Yunxin , Stamos Angelos , Dewitte Siegfried , van Berlo Zeph M C , van der Laan Laura N
Published: September 2021

Background

Virtual reality (VR) has gained popularity in daily life, and VR food cues seem to elicit food cravings, similar to real food cues. However, little is known about the impact of VR food cues on actual food intake.

Objective

In real life (RL), exposure to food cues in a situation in which the desire to eat food interferes with the completion of a food-related task reduces the subsequent food intake (ie, the pre-exposure effect). In this study, we examine, on the one hand, whether the pre-exposure effect could be replicated in RL and, on the other hand, whether this effect could be extended to VR contexts.

Methods

The study used a 2 (stimulus type: food vs nonfood) × 2 (mode: VR vs RL) between-subject design (n=175). Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 conditions.

Results

We found the main effect of mode on food intake, with a higher food intake after both VR conditions than after RL conditions (P=.02). In addition, among female participants, we found that exposure to both food cues (ie, VR and RL) resulted in lower food intake than exposure to both nonfood cues (P=.05). In contrast, this effect was not observed among male participants (P=.34). Additionally, VR and RL cues generated similar emotional and behavioral responses (eg, arousal and game difficulty).

Conclusions

We were unable to replicate the exposure effect in our complete sample. Subgroup analyses, however, showed that for women, exposure to food cues (either in VR or in RL) reduces food intake, indicating that a VR pre-exposure procedure may effectively be applied exclusively for women.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05169996; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05169996
Problematic Social Media Use in Adolescents and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Shannon Holly , Bush Katie , Villeneuve Paul J , Hellemans Kim GC , Guimond Synthia
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Technology is ever evolving, with more and more diverse activities becoming possible on screen-based devices. However, participating in a heavy screen-based lifestyle may come at a cost. Our hypothesis was that problematic social media use increased the prevalence of mental health outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

This study seeks to systematically examine problematic social media use in youth and its association with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.

METHODS

A systematic search was conducted to identify studies in adolescents and young adults, using the databases Engineering Village, Psycinfo, Pubmed, and Web of Science. A total of 18 studies were identified, with a total of 9269 participants in our review and included in the meta-analysis.

RESULTS

Our metaregression shows moderate but statistically significant correlations between problematic social media use and depression (r=0.273, P<.001), anxiety (r=0.348, P<.001), and stress (r=0.313, P<.001). We did not find evidence of heterogeneity of these summary correlations by age, gender, or year of publication.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides further evidence of the association between problematic social media use and negative mental health among adolescents and young adults and supports future research to focus on the underlying mechanisms of problematic use of social media.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42021222309; https://tinyurl.com/2p9y4bjx
Checking the Other and Checking the Self: Role Morality and the Separation of Powers
Authors: Nye Hillary
Published: September 2021

The concepts of the rule of law, the separation of powers, and checks and balances are related in complicated ways. Jacob T Levy brings this to light in his thought-provoking McDonald Lecture, “The Separation of Powers and the Challenge to Constitutional Democracy.”1 In this response to Levy’s paper I want to further explore the relationship between these three ideas. I will argue that, when thinking about the rule of law, we must consider the idea of “role morality” and its place in constraining power. We should think of the constraints on power that stem from role morality as “internal” as opposed to “external” checks on power. I also suggest that we would do well to broaden our understanding of what the rule of law requires, and to think of it not just as a matter of ensuring impartiality and formal legal equality in the sense that the law applies to all actors within the system. We might benefit from thinking of the rule of law as a weightier moral concept that demands that decision-makers comply with moral ideals, and not just with the rules as laid out.
TO STUDY THE PHARMACOKINETIC HERB-DRUG INTERACTION OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA FRUIT EXTRACT AND PURE CHARANTIN WITH NATEGLINIDE IN RATS
Authors: BALAP AISHWARYA R.
Published: September 2021

Objective: Momordica charantia fruit extract and antidiabetic drug Nateglinide might be used simultaneously in the treatment of diabetes, so the objective of this study was to investigate pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions of Momordica charantia fruit extract and pure charantin with nateglinide in rats. Methods: After oral co-administration of Momordica charantia fruit extract (250 mg/kg) and Charantin (10 mg/kg) with nateglinide in rats, drug concentration parameters peak plasma concentration (Cmax), time to reach peak plasma concentration (tmax), elimination half-life (t1/2), apparent volume of distribution (Vd), plasma clearance (Cl), and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated by using the non-compartment model. Results: NAT was absorbed into the circulatory system and reached its peak concentration approximately 2 h after being administered individually. tmax of groups co-administered NAT+MCE has been changed to 4h. A significant decrease in Cmax of NAT from 16.28 µg/ml to 11.37 µg/ml and 10.37 µg/ml with NAT with charantin and NAT with MCE groups, respectively. AUC of NAT decreased from 84.53 h/µg/ml to 53.63 h/µg/ml and 47.17 h/µg/ml by co-administration with Charantin and MCE respectively. Co-administration of nateglinide with Charantin and Momordica charantia fruit extract decreased systemic exposure level of nateglinide in vivo with decreasing Cmax and AUC and an increase in t1/2, Cl and Vd. Conclusion: From this study, it can be concluded that nateglinide, Momordica charantia fruit extract, and pure Charantin existed pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions in the rat which has to be correlated with the anti-diabetic study. Further studies should be done to understand the effect of other herbal ingredients of Momordica charantia fruit extract on nateglinide as well as to predict the herb-drug interaction in humans.
EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF DIFFERENT BRANDS OF ASCORBIC ACID IN FREETOWN, SIERRA LEONE
Authors: LAHAI MICHAEL , CONTEH EUGENE B. S. , MANSARAY AMINATA FREDERICA , AMARA JOSEPH , BAWOH MOHAMED , KOMEH JAMES P. , TEJAN-KELLA ALPHAN , SESAY MOHAMED , JOHNSON WILTSHIRE C. N.
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study evaluates the registration status and the quality of nine brands of Vitamin C sold in Freetown, Sierra Leone, using official and non-official methods of analysis. Methods: The parameters taken into consideration during the study include non-official methods (friability and disintegration) and the official methods (identification test, uniformity of dosage unit, and assay by titrimetric and colorimetric tests). The different brands of vitamin C were selected and classified as registered and unregistered based on the data derived from the National Medicines Regulatory Authority. Results: One vitamin C product collected was unregistered at the National medicines regulatory authority (Pharmacy Board of Sierra Leone). All nine vitamin C products met the requirements for uniformity of dosage unit. The vitamin C products also conformed to the BP specification for friability and identification test (retention factor). The identification test showed that each brand contained vitamin C (ascorbic acid). The disintegration test was not applicable for chewable tablets. Three of the four non-chewable vitamin C products complied with the BP specification for disintegration, while one failed and did not meet the requirement. The assay results for ascorbic acid using titration and colourimetric method were comparable and appropriate for determining vitamin C. Out of a total of nine samples; seven met the requirement for BP specification (Passed) for assay. In contrast, one product did not meet the BP requirement (failed), and one sample had more vitamin C than the Pharmacopoeia limit. Conclusion: Periodic quality evaluation and routine checks for pharmaceutical products can ascertain the quality of products, their storage conditions and identify potential counterfeit medications.
FORMULATION, EVALUATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF SUSTAINED-RELEASE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF CISAPRIDE TABLET
Authors: RAM DARSHIT , PANKHANIYA HIMANSHU
Published: September 2021

Objective: Cisapride is a novel prokinetic agent is best candidate for GERD. Cisapride 20 mg can be given thrice in a day given along with Proton pump inhibitor. By developing the sustain release formulation of Cisapride, the frequency of both drug can be reduce to once only to obtain good therapeutic response.
Methods: Cisapride SR Tablets were prepared by direct compression technique with HPMC K4M and HPMC K100M polymers. Followed by various evaluation tests including in vitro disintegration and dissolution, the formulation was optimized by 32 full factorial designs with drug release kinetic analysis, compatibility studies (FTIR) and stability studies.
Results: Results of Preformulation studies of the Cisapride indicate that it has poor flow property and compressibility property. To improve the flow and compressibility property, it was beneficial to use the directly compressible grade components in the formulation of tablet. Results of DSC study shown that there is no change in drug’s melting peak after the preparation of tablet. Hydrophilic matrix of HPMC K4M and HPMC K100M in combination sustained the Cisapride release effectively for more than 12h. The result indicates that the combination of HPMCK4M and HPMCK100M can be successfully, On the basis of the preliminary trials in the present study a32 full factorial design was employed to study the effect of independent variables, i.e. concentration of HPMCK4M(X1) and concentration of HPMCK100M(X2)on dependent variables like% drug release Q2, Q6 and Q10. Drug release is also dependent on the size of matrix tablets so, size and surface area was kept constant. Factorial batches F018, F019, F020, and F021 give the f2 value 75-100. Factorial batch F019 gives the highest f2 value 86.04 and also all the hour’s drug release was within the specified limits.
Conclusion: The prepared formulation of Cisapride sustains release matrix tablet was stable and effective in treatment.
PIPER CHABA EXTRACTS WITH ANTIBIOFILM ACTIVITY INFLUENCE ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC RESPONSES IN DIABETIC WISTER RATS
Authors: RAJIA SULTANA , KHANAM KHADIZA , FARHANA UMME , RAHMAN SOHANUR , HAQUE RASHIDUL
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Piper chaba, native to South and Southeast Asia, has been traditionally used as a medicinal plant. Aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of P. chaba root extracts (RE) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats along with its antimicrobial activity.
Methods: Diabetes was induced in Wister rats through the intraperitoneal administration of STZ (50 mg/kg b.w.). Antidiabetic and antilipidemic activities of the RE (in methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and distilled water) were evaluated by administering oral dose (200 mg/kg b.w.) for 21 days. Metformin (12.1 mg/kg b.w.) was used as a positive control. Blood samples of rats were drawn by tail vein puncture and cardiac puncture to determine the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), respectively. Standard protocols were followed to determine the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against two different strains of bacteria.
Results: Oral administration of P. chaba RE for 21 days resulted in a significant (p< 0.001) decrease in FBG and TC, TG, and LDL levels (p<0.001), when compared to the untreated diabetic rats. Significant (p<0.001) increase of HDL was observed when ethyl acetate and aqueous RE were administered. Out of four, two extracts showed varying antimicrobial activities, particularly against the gram-positive bacteria. 
Conclusion: It became evident for the first time that P. chaba extracts possess antimicrobial activities and can serve as biochemical compounds with great alternative therapeutic potential in the management of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.
ANALYTICAL METHOD VALIDATION, PHARMACOKINETICS AND BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDY OF DIMETHYL FUMARATE IN HEALTHY IRANIAN VOLUNTEERS
Authors: ELHAM GHASEMIAN , SIMA SADRAI , JAVAD SHOKRI , SHAHRAM SAYADI
Published: September 2021

Objective: Pharmacokinetic evaluation of Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF) in the Iranian population wasn’t studied. So, the aim of this research is the validation of the analytical method and evaluation of the pharmacokinetic properties and bioequivalence of the generic form of this drug versus the reference product.
Methods: 2 single-dose, test, and reference DMF products were orally administered to 24 healthy volunteers. The washout period was 28 d between the treatments. Monomethyl fumarate as the metabolite of DMF was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and the method was validated. Also, the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated for bioequivalence evaluation.
Results: The analytical method was validated and linear over the range of 31.25-4000 ng/ml (R2= 0.997). In addition, the method was precise and accurate in the low, medium, and high concentrations. The results indicated that the 2 products had similar pharmacokinetics. Further, the 90% CI of the mean ratios of the test versus the reference products of the log-transformed area under the concentration-time curve over 10 h (0.99 to 1.02) and peak concentration (0.98 to 1.03) were within the acceptable range of 0.8 to 1.25 and the generic product of DMF could be similar to that of the reference product.
Conclusion: The applied analytical method is selective, accurate, precise, and repeatable for the analysis of monomethyl fumarate (MMF) in plasma. Also, the bioequivalence study showed no significant difference between the pharmacokinetic parameters of these 2 products. So, the DMF test product can be claimed to be bioequivalent with the reference product.
IN VITRO ANTILEISHMANIAL ACTIVITIES OF THREE MEDICINAL PLANTS: ARGEMONE MEXICANA, MURRAYA KOENIGII AND CINNAMOMUM TAMALA AGAINST MILTEFOSINE RESISTANT PROMASTIGOTES OF LEISHMANIA DONOVANI PARASITES
Authors: SULTANA SIRIN SALMA
Published: September 2021

Objective: Leishmaniasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases in terms of drug development and discovery. Non-responsiveness and resistance to the drug in Leishmania species need to develop new antileishmanial potentials; herbal medicines could be the alternative one.
Methods: In the present study, semi-purified fractions were prepared from the traditionally used three medicinal plants of India: Argemone mexicana (aerial shoot), Murraya koenigii (stem), and Cinnamomum tamala (bark) by using multiple solvent systems (non-polar to polar, beginning with petroleum ether followed by n-hexane, benzene, and chloroform) and an effort was given to assess the leishmanicidal activities against Leishmania donovani miltefosine resistant HePC-R (Ld/MIL-30) promastigotes in vitro and the IC50 concentrations were estimated.
Results: The study revealed that the semi-purified fractions of A. mexicana, M. koenigii, and C. tamala have effective antileishmanial activities and the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) are 50 μg/ml, 98 μg/ml, and 200 μg/ml, respectively. At these (IC50) concentrations, these plant semi-purified fractions were found to interfere in lipid and protein biosynthesis, alter cell morphology, DNA content, mitochondrial membrane potential, generating ROS, and apoptosis in promastigotes. The semi-purified fractions were also found noticeably non-toxic towards host splenocytes.
Conclusion: These results could suggest that A. mexicana, M. koenigii, and C. tamala could carry potential novel compounds for the development of new drugs against Leishmaniasis.
ASSESSMENT OF THE POSSIBLE CAUSES OF DIABETES MELLITUS DEVELOPED IN PATIENTS POST COVID-19 TREATMENT IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: RAJUENI KHUJITH , AMBEKAR RUTUJA , SOLANKI HITENDRAPAL , MOMIN ABDULRAHAMAN ABUBAKAR , PAWAR SUNITA
Published: September 2021

Objective: Novel COVID-19 virus is extensively being studied for its long-term effects. A predominant trend of development of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Covid-19 patients is being observed, and hence further relation is explored in this study.
Methods: This is an observational inductive retrospective study conducted for four months in a tertiary care hospital. The study included subjects who recovered from COVID-19 and were treated post-COVID-19 in the hospital. The subjects who had stable glucose counts were excluded. The data obtained from the medical record department encompassed demographic details and clinical data of the patient. The data were tabulated, and observations were reported using descriptive analysis.
Results: Among 5632 admitted patients for COVID-19, 694 came for follow-up. 105 patients were re-admitted, but 11 had newly developed DM, and 14 observed uncontrolled DM managed by medical attention. The reported incidence rate in Newly-Diagnosed DM was 0.195%, and the person above 41 y was at greater risk. Similarly, the incidence rate in Uncontrolled-DM was 13.33%, and persons above 47 y were at greater risk. It was found that both these categories of patients had comorbidities, and the development of this was seen between the 25th-40th day. In both cases, males were more prone than females.
Conclusion: The study reports a bi-directional relationship between Covid-19 and DM. The use of steroids may have stepped-up this relationship. Cautious use of steroids, changes in the hospital formulary, and further quantitative clinical investigations are primary recommendations that may prevent such episodes.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CILNIDIPINE MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL FILM BY SOLVENT CASTING TECHNIQUE FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION
Authors: HAJU SHIFA SHAUKAT , YADAV SHEELA
Published: September 2021

Objective: Buccal drug delivery is the most suited route for local as well as systemic delivery of drugs. Cilnidipine is an L/N type dihydropyridine 4th generation calcium channel blocker (CCB), which decreases hypertension by blocking the N-type calcium channel to attenuate vascular sympathetic neurotransmission. It has high first-pass metabolism leading to low bioavailability. Hence the present research work was undertaken to formulate mucoadhesive buccal film of Cilnidipine with an objective to enhance therapeutic efficacy, bioavailability and was developed to administer into the unconscious and less-co-operative patients.
Methods: Cilnidipine buccal films were prepared by a solvent-casting technique using various concentrations of mucoadhesive-polymers such as Hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC) E15 and K4M and ethyl-cellulose as backing-layer, which acts like a patch providing unidirectional drug release. Prepared films were evaluated for their weight variation, thickness, surface-pH, swelling-index, drug content uniformity, in vitro residence time, folding endurance, tensile strength, in vitro release and permeability studies.
Results: The infra-red (IR) spectra showed no interaction, and Physico-chemical characteristics were found within the limit. Swelling of the film increases with increasing concentration of polymers and %drug content of all formulations found to be in the range of 92.13%±0.94% to 97.92%±0.35%. The formulation F5, showed a promising tensile strength, folding endurance and in vitro drug release of about 95.18±0.03%, thus can be selected as an optimized formulation of mucoadhesive buccal film.
Conclusion: The formulation of Cilnidipine mucoadhesive buccal film was found to be satisfactory and reasonable.
ПОДДЕРЖКА КОНТРАКТНОГО ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЯ – ВАЖНЫЙ ШАГ НА ПУТИ К ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ НЕЗАВИСИМОСТИ
Authors: Семёнов В.Д.
Published: September 2021

Компания «ТЕХНОТЕХ», расположенная в г. Йошкар-­Ола, в прошлом году отметила 20‑летний юбилей, однако ее история началась намного раньше, в те годы, когда в Республике Марий Эл (тогда Марийской АССР) только формировалась радиоэлектронная промышленность. Сегодня предприятие обладает технологиями, позволяющими изготавливать на собственном производстве компании широчайший спектр печатных плат до 6 класса точности, включая гибко-­жесткие и СВЧ-платы. Кроме того, «ТЕХНОТЕХ» оказывает услуги контрактной сборки, а с 2012 года выпускает собственные базовые материалы для печатных плат – ​фольгированные стеклотекстолиты.

Об истории компании и ее возможностях, о Стратегии развития электронной промышленности РФ и вопросах освоения гражданской продукции оборонными предприятиями, о потребностях производителей печатных плат и идеях развития этого направления в России мы поговорили с заместителем директора ООО «ТЕХНОТЕХ» Владимиром Дмитриевичем Семёновым.
ТЕСТИРОВАНИЕ КИБЕРБЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ВСТРОЕННЫХ СИСТЕМ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ИХ ЦИФРОВОГО ДВОЙ­НИКА
Authors: Демьянов А.
Published: September 2021

В связи с ростом числа встроенных систем, подключенных к Интернету, задача обеспечения их кибербезопасности становится все более важной. В статье рассматривается симулятор цифровых электронных систем Wind River Simics и его возможности для обнаружения уязвимостей в ПО встроенных компьютерных систем.
Design and Simulation of Electric Treadmill Bike
Authors: Reddy Yanala Prashanth Kumar
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Electric treadmill The bicycle is a whole new way of moving. With the help of electricity, walking is no more strenuous than a "walk in the park". The power assistance combined with the equipment increases your walking pace to speed. When you walk on the treadmill bike, push the treadmill back with your feet. The movement of the treadmill gives the signal to the electronic device that drives the motor. The movement of walking. The brake motor slows down the speed. This Paper clearly explains the design and simulation of the electric treadmill bike Keywords: Electric Treadmill Bike, Treadmill Bike, Design, Analysis, Ansys, Electric Bike.
Neural correlates of pride and joy recognition in early childhood
Authors: Jiang Yue
Published: September 2021

I investigated neural processing during the recognition of pride and joy in early childhood using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. Electroencephalography recording was taken of 21 children aged between 4 and 6 years. They were shown photographs of familiar peers and strangers
whose facial expressions displayed the emotion of either pride or joy. ERPs were recorded for the children's judgment of the expression of these two emotions when an image was presented. The results demonstrate that the neural dynamics during children's recognition of pride and joy involve
three stages: The early negative component is spontaneously responsive to familiar faces, the midlatency negative central component is responsive to expression of familiar faces, and the late positive component marks greater extended processing of an expression of pride. These findings provide
new insight into the neural mechanism of pride and joy recognition in children aged 4 to 6 years.
Influence of sense of power on epidemic control policy compliance
Authors: Yuan Ping , Ju Fanghui , Cheng Yuan , Liu Yanbin
Published: September 2021

Incidences of noncompliance with COVID-19 prevention and control policies have occurred worldwide, increasing the risk to public safety and making epidemic control more difficult. We applied the approach–inhibition theory of power perception to investigate the underlying mechanisms
and boundary conditions of the relationship between individuals' power perception and their prevention and control policy compliance. This study collected data from 303 participants in 45 counties (districts) spanning one province in China. Results show that individuals' sense of power was
negatively related to their prevention and control policy compliance, with risk perception mediating and group policy control moderating this relationship. The findings provide a reference for assessing the effectiveness and relevance of government epidemic prevention and control. Implications
for research and practice are discussed.
Leader mindfulness and employee creativity: The importance of leader–member exchange
Authors: Tan Huwa , Wang Zhou , Huang Jiaxin
Published: September 2021

The main objective of this study was to clarify the mechanisms through which leader mindfulness enhances employee creativity, and we proposed that leader–member exchange (LMX) would act as a mediator of this relationship. To test our hypotheses we conducted a survey with 329 subordinates
and 51 supervisors employed at three large manufacturing companies in China. The results of structural equation modeling show that the association of leader mindfulness with employee creativity was positive, and that LMX partially mediated this link. This study provides useful insights in
explaining the impact that leader mindfulness has on employee creativity by focusing on LMX as a mediator. Our findings indicate that organizations should take leader mindfulness into account, and that managerial interventions should be implemented to establish high-quality LMX relationship.
The effects of shyness and loneliness on cell phone dependence in college students
Authors: Chen Yan
Published: September 2021

I explored the relationships among shyness, loneliness, and cell phone dependence (CPD) in college students, with a special focus on the mediating effect of loneliness in the relationship between shyness and CPD. Participants were 593 students recruited from a college in Henan, China,
and they completed the Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale, the UCLA Loneliness Scale–Short Form, and the Mobile Phone Addiction Index. The results show that shyness was significantly correlated with both loneliness and CPD, and that loneliness partially mediated the effect of shyness on CPD.
These findings shed light on how shyness predicts CPD and have implications for preventing CPD in college students.
Servant leadership and civil servants' service attitude: The role of basic needs satisfaction
Authors: Sun Mei , Chen Zhixia , Yang Qing
Published: September 2021

We explored the effect of servant leadership on service attitude to understand its mediation mechanism, on the basis of selfdetermination theory. We used valid, reliable scales to measure servant leadership and basic needs satisfaction, and a self-designed scale to measure service attitude
among 160 public servant–citizen paired dyads from the Chinese Government Affairs Center. Results show that servant leadership had a positive influence on service attitude, and that the basic needs of autonomy and competence played mediating roles, but the basic need of relatedness did
not. Our results affirm selfdetermination theory and empirically show the different roles of psychological needs satisfaction. Future research prospects and implications for civil service reforms are discussed.
Promotion of millennial employees' well-being in China based on organizational career management
Authors: Xu Yiwen , Cheng Zhichao , Zhang Yixin
Published: September 2021

Youth are future company leaders, without whom the economic development of a country cannot continue, yet the well-being of millennial employees in China is low, and this group has a high turnover rate. We used an inductive route model to understand how millennial employees' well-being
can be facilitated in China. We conducted a survey with 268 millennial employees and used structural equation modeling to test our model. The results show that organizational career management and self-identity contributed to promoting participants' well-being. Our findings show that a pathway
should be established to boost millennial employees' well-being and enable them to accomplish their career planning.
Barriers of Professional Autonomy among Arab-Speaking Countries during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Abbas Zahra , AL-Fayyadh Sadeq
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The aims of the study are to determine barriers of nursing autonomy among Arab-Speaking countries during Covid-19 pandemic and to determine difference in professional autonomy levels among Arab-Speaking countries and work place.
Methods: Data collected from December 12 2020 to March 15 2021 by Google form survey. Cross-sectional design was used in the present study .A purposive sample of 708 nurses who had met the study's inclusion criteria were targeted. Data were analyzed through the use of IBM-Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17, in which descriptive and inferential statistical measures were employed.
Results: The results of the study showed no deference in professional autonomy among Arab speaking countries P =0.826 and work place (P=0.826). Most common barriers of professional autonomy are absence of law protecting professional duties(35.6%)  which was perceived by of the study subjects, followed by the policy of health (30.4%),followed by hospital administration style (26.4%) and domination or physicians authority (29.9%).
Conclusion: Most common barriers of professional autonomy are absence of law protecting professional duties, the policy of health care sector, domination of physicianâ€™s authority and hospital administration style. This result reflects highlights the importance of removing all obstacles to upgrade nurseâ€™s professional autonomy in the covered Arab-speaking counties.
Physical Health problems among Iraqi Women with Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Essa Sarah Flaieh , Ghafel Hawraa Hussein
Published: September 2021

Objective: To assess physical health problems among women with ectopic pregnancy and to evaluate the levels of Physical health among women with ectopic pregnancy, and to identify demographic characteristics of ectopic pregnant women
Methods: This study was conducted at maternity hospital in Karbala city in Iraq to assess the physical health problems of women with ectopic pregnancy. This study was started in January 2020 to March  2021, The data regarding women's health problems  was achieved from the patientâ€™s charts that recorded in the Statistical Department in the hospitals, the study consist of (40) women with ectopic pregnancy which were selected according to inclusion criteria (Women who had ectopic pregnancy, Women in reproductive age only). The data are   analyzed   through   the   use   of descriptive and inferential statistics analysis procedures were employed for the data analysis.
Result: The findings of the study exhibits that women with ectopic pregnancy were suffering from physical health problems such as (acute abdominal pain, tired and lethargic, faint, hypotension, vaginal bleeding, internal bleeding). The mean of scores for items related to physical health problems among women that show bad among most of items (1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9) except item 2, 5, and 6 that show fair.
Conclusion: The study concludes that women with ectopic pregnancy were suffering from physical problem such as (acute abdominal pain, tired and lethargic, faint, hypotension, vaginal bleeding, and internal bleeding).
Revitalizing Local Economy Through Village Tourism: Case Study of Dusun Gojang Utara, Selayar Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Adhikerana Asep Sunjaya , Nasruddin Nasruddin , Zulkarnaen Sultandar , Simandjuntak Herman S. , Sugardjito Jito , Rismayani Andi
Published: September 2021

The study was done in March 2020 in Dusun Gojang Utara, Bontomarannu Village, Bontomanai Sub-district, Selayar Islands District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, aiming at exploring the opportunity and feasibility of “Kenari Forest” as a tourist attraction. A descriptive-status approach was used in this study that was sought to answer questions about real-life situations, and in addition, the scoring of potential tourism object/attraction utilized the 2003 ADO-ODTWA Guideline. Overall, Dusun Gojang Utara has a high potency as a community-based tourism destination, although there are four criteria needed improvement, nanely: accessibility, surrounding conditions, management and services, and climate. Unfortunately, Dusun Gojang Utara as a tourist village is yet to be the priority of the local government,. Indeed, as part of the Bontomarannu Village, this dusun is included as an agro-tourism development area, but the potential of this dusun is not for agro-tourism, instead its tourism attraction resides in the local livelihood itself.
På myndighedernes anbefaling
Authors: Henrichsen Carsten
Published: September 2021

En ekspertgruppe nedsat af Folketinget afgav i januar 2021 en rapport om regeringens covid-19 indsats i den første periode indtil nedlukningen af landet i marts 2020.i Rapporten er baseret på skriftlige kilder, som gruppen har fået stillet til rådighed af administrationen, idet man kun i ringe udstrækning har foretaget egne undersøgelser herudover og kun rent undtagelsesvist hørt eventuelle vidner om de sagsforhold, der er undersøgt. Ekspertgruppen konstaterer, at der var modstand mod beslutningen i dele af embedsværket og konkluderer bl.a., at regeringen førte Folketinget og offentligheden bag lyset ved – uden forbehold – at foregive, at beslutningen om en nedlukning af landet havde støtte i ”myndighedernes anbefaling”. I artiklen foretages en gennemgang af de fore- liggende oplysninger om indsatsen, og det konkluderes – modsat – at regeringen faktisk havde belæg for sin påstand, selv om det ikke var hele sandheden om den sag. Folketinget blev endvidere rent faktisk underrettet om sagens rette sammenhæng, og regeringen var ikke herudover forpligtet til at delagtiggøre offentligheden i interne faglige uoverensstemmelser myndighederne imellem.
The Challenges of Treating Lipoblastoma in the Sublingual Space – A Case Report
Authors: Sreedharan Sujesh , Shanmuhasuntharam Palasuntharam
Published: September 2021

The presence of lobulated tumour arising from immature adipose tissue is called lipoblastoma when occurring as localised or discrete lesion, and lipoblastomatosis when spread diffusely. The purpose of this case study is to report a case of an 18 – year old man who presented with lipoblastoma in the left sublingual space which was found to be in close proximity with the left sublingual gland. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was taken and showed the tumour was confined within the sublingual space and no penetration was noted inferiorly through the mylohyoid muscle. Tumour dimension measured clinically was 3 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm and the anterior margin of the tumour crossed the midline and entered into the right sublingual space. Complete excision with sparing of neurovascular bundle was performed under general anaesthesia. Follow-up of 2 months showed complete remission of the lesion without any complications.
Apuntes hacia una crítica cuir del sistema de educación pública en Costa Rica
Authors: Rojas-Herra Luis Alonso
Published: September 2021

Este ensayo es un intento por incluir saberes epistémicos y etimológicos producidos desde el pensamiento de las vanguardias feministas y de la teoría cuir, que tradicionalmente han sido excluidos de la corriente de pensamiento hegemónico. La historia de la construcción del Estado-nación y la institucionalidad se ha narrado, de manera favorable, desde una perspectiva del privilegio blanqueado, heterosexualizado y capitalista, lo que excluye e invisibiliza otras formas de producción de pensamiento contestatarias a las tradicionales.
ANALISIS PERAN DAN FUNGSI PENGAWASAN KPID SULAWESI TENGAH TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN PROSES SIARAN DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Panji Putra Suhayat , Khairil Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Melalui peraturan yang tercantum dalam UU No. 32 Tahun 2002 tentang tentang Penyiaran, maka Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia Daerah (KPID) Sulawesi Tengah memiliki tugas, kewajiban dan wewenang yakni sebagai regulasi atau pengaturan serta pengawasan dan pengembangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengawasan yang dilakukan KPID Sulawesi Tengah terhadap Lembaga Penyiaran di kota Palu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi berupa dokumen-dokumen yang menunjang penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fungsi pengawasan KPID Sulawesi Tengah terhadap kebijakan proses siaran di kota Palu ialah; (1) bekerja sama dengan KPU dan BAWASLU dalam pengawasan siaran kampanye, dan kepolisan sebagai instansi dalam penindakan lebih lanjut terkait dengan pelanggaran yang dilakukan; (2) menggunakan P3SPS sebagai Rule atau pedoman dalam melakukan pengawasan untuk menilai pelanggaran-pelanggaran yang dilakukan Lembaga Penyiaran di kota Palu; (3) melakukan pengawasan langsung Lembaga Penyiaran yang disiarkan; (4) menerima keluhan-keluhan terkait penyiaran dari masyarakat.