bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consenso Latinoamericano de manejo de Sepsis en niños: Task Force de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (SLACIP)
Authors: Fernández Sarmiento Jaime
Published: September 2023

Objetivo. Realizar recomendaciones de consenso para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la sepsis en niños, en países de bajos y medianos ingresos con especial énfasis en América Latina.Métodos. Se conformó un panel de 27 expertos clínicos en el tratamiento de la sepsis pediátrica y dos metodólogos (que trabajan en países de América Latina y España) para estructurar 10 grupos nominales, cada uno de ellos coordinado por un miembro. Desde cada grupo se preparó un borrador de recomendaciones, basado en preguntas de trabajo previamente desarrolladas por coordinadores temáticos y metodológicos, las cuales posteriormente fueron votadas por el método Delphi, a través de una discusión virtual.Para la construcción del borrador de las recomendaciones se combinaron las opiniones de los expertos de los grupos con una rigurosa interpretación de la evidencia científica disponible, recolectada previamente por un bibliotecario especializado que incluyó algoritmos específicos para el Registro Especializado Cochrane, PubMed, Lilacs y Scopus, así como para las bases de datos OpenGrey para literatura gris. Se hizo especial énfasis en la búsqueda de investigaciones originales desarrolladas en países de bajos y medianos ingresos. Se incluyeron publicaciones en inglés, español y portugués. Posteriormente se generaron diez preguntas y utilizando el formato PICO se describió la Población (P), la Intervención (I), el Control (C) y los Resultados (O).  Mediante reuniones virtuales realizadas entre febrero de 2020 y febrero de 2021, se revisaron las recomendaciones y sugerencias. Para que la recomendación fuera aceptada debía existir un consenso >75% en la votación. Si era <75% demostraba que no había consenso. Si la votación final estaba entre 75-79%, se hacía una sugerencia (discrecional o débil) a favor o en contra de la intervención. Si la votación era del 80% o más, se hacía una recomendación (fuertemente a favor o en contra de la intervención).Resultados. Al finalizar el Consenso se establecieron 62 recomendaciones para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la sepsis pediátrica en países de bajos y medianos ingresos, cubriendo tópicos que van desde la definición, el diagnóstico y los paquetes de medidas, hasta la discusión detallada de tratamientos específicos como los líquidos, los vasoactivos y las terapias adyuvantes. En general, 60 de ellas fueron recomendaciones sólidas; aunque 56 tuvieron un nivel bajo de evidencia.Conclusiones. Luego de realizar este ejercicio de consenso en nuestra región, donde la carga de la sepsis pediátrica es mayor que en los países de ingresos altos, es claro que aún se tiene poca evidencia proveniente de nuestras realidades. Consideramos importante desarrollar investigaciones que permitan conocer más a  fondo las perspectivas en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la sepsis pediátrica en América Latina. A pesar de sus limitaciones, este consenso es un importante paso para mejorar el enfoque de la sepsis pediátrica en nuestra región.
Influence of Inclination Angles on Convective Heat Transfer in Solar Panels
Authors: Alhendal Yousuf , Touzani Sara
Published: September 2023

This study presents an experimental and numerical investigation into the thermofluid characteristics of airflow over an inclined, heated plate, mimicking a solar panel. The inclination of the plate was systematically adjusted from 0° to 90°, and the heat flux was varied from 1000 to 4000 W/m², with Reynolds number ranging from 63,000 to 650,000. The study employed a second-order finite volume method for discretization and resolution of steady fluid dynamics problems, with simulations conducted using Ansys Fluent software. The k-ε RNG turbulence model was utilized for these simulations. The numerical results, validated against experimental data, were extrapolated to assess the behaviour at a wide range of attack angles and flow rates. Correlations were established between the average Nusselt number and friction coefficient, as functions of Reynolds number and attack angles. It was observed that heat transfer was optimized at lower attack angles. Conversely, higher inclination angles resulted in increased skin friction, thereby reducing airflow and negatively impacting heat convection. For larger Reynolds numbers, convective flow enhanced and the resistance of the plate was found to be lower at smaller attack angles. These findings have significant implications for the improvement of solar panel efficiency, offering valuable insights into the optimal configuration for maximizing convective heat transfer.
AVALIAÇÃO DO PETG PARA UTILIZAÇÃO EM EMBARCAÇÕES TRANSPARENTES
Authors: Antolin Mauricio Quelhas , Antolin Gisele Duarte Caboclo , Brasil Paula de Castro , Zaib Marcelo Musci , Da Costa Giancarlo Cordeiro , Da Silva José Vinicius Azevedo
Published: September 2023

A impressão 3d tem sido utilizada nos mais diversos setores, empregando uma vasta variabilidade de materiais. Um dos materiais mais utilizados nesta técnica, é o Polietileno Tereftalato Glicol (PETG), um polímero que possui alta transparência. Em virtude desta propriedade, este trabalho pretende avaliar a possibilidade de utilização do PETG na fabricação de protótipos dos chamados “clear boats”, que consistem em embarcações de pequeno porte, transparentes, que tem sido utilizada em países tropicais, para aumentar a interação de passageiros com a natureza. Os resultados demostram que a fabricação destes protótipos é viável, uma vez que o material apresentou as características requeridas para esta aplicação (elevada transparência e resistência mecânica). Além disto, foram realizadas simulações computacionais utilizando o Método de Elementos Finitos (MEF), que mostrou que a embarcação é capaz de resistir aos carregamentos estáticos e dinâmicos a que estas embarcações normalmente estão sujeitas.
DIREITO À LIBERDADE DE EXPRESSÃO: UMA ABORDAGEM HOBBESIANA
Authors: Lodi Arthur
Published: September 2023

Este artigo tem o objetivo de discorrer sobre o direito à liberdade de expressão, confrontando a abordagem liberal com a teoria hobbesiana. Alicerçada nos escritos de Thomas Hobbes, o argumento central é de que as reivindicações de direitos não podem ter precedência sobre o Estado. Ao apresentar uma alternativa consequencialista, o artigo conclui que o princípio que baliza a liberdade de expressão não deve ser um fim em si mesmo, mas ter o seu lugar ao lado de outros valores valiosos.
EGFR ve ALK mutasyonu taşiyan akciğer adenokarsinomlarinda platin bazli tedavi yanitlari ve hedefe yönelik tedavi ihtiyacinin arka plani
Authors: ERÇALIŞKAN Abdülkadir , TURNA Zeynep
Published: September 2023

Amaç: EGFR ve EML-4/ALK mutasyonlu akciğer adenokarsinomu hastalarındaki deneyimlerimizi sunmak.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2580 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Çalışmaya yalnızca evre 4 akciğer adenokarsinomu olup ilk sıra en az 2 siklus platin bazlı rejimlerle tedavi edilen hastalar dahil edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya uygun 105 vakanın 14’ü EGFR, 4’ü EML-4/ALK mutant iken 75 vaka her iki mutasyonu da taşımıyordu. Medyan yaş ve tanı yaşı sırasıyla 61 ve 58.5 idi. %81'i erkekti ve %78'i sigara içiyordu. EGFR ve EML-4/ALK-mutant hastalar ağırlıklı olarak kadındı ve sigara içmiyordu (sırasıyla EGFR; p=0.025 ve 0.002, EML-4/ALK; p=0.003 ve 0.012). EML-4/ALK- mutant hastalar, bu mutasyonu taşımayanlara göre daha gençti (p=0,02) (Tablo 1). EGFR ekson-19, 20 ve 21 mutasyonları sırasıyla karaciğer, kemik ve plevral metastazlarla ilişkiliydi (sırasıyla p=0.046,

0.05 ve 0.035). Birinci basamak platin bazlı kemoterapiden sonra tam remisyon ve kısmi yanıt oranları sırasıyla %4,7 ve %24,6 idi. Eşzamanlı radyoterapi ve tanı sırasında kemik metastazlarının olmaması birinci basamak platin bazlı tedavi yanıtlarını etkileyen faktörlerdi (sırasıyla p=0.004 ve p=0.046). EGFR veya EML-4/ALK mutasyon durumu platin bazlı tedavi yanıtı açısından anlamlı fark göstermemiştir (sırasıyla p=0,933 ve 0,184). Medyan progresyonsuz sağkalım 10 ay iken eşzamanlı radyoterapi ve kemik metastazının tedavi yanıtı üzerinde gözlenen etkisi PFS sonuçlarına yansımamıştır (sırasıyla p=0,079 ve 0,285).

Sonuçlar: EGFR ve ALK mutasyonlarının varlığı, platin bazlı rejimlerin tedavi yanıtını etkilememektedir. EGFR ekson alt gruplarının metastaz noktaları ile ilişkisi araştırılması gereken bir nokta olarak saptanmıştır.
Neprekinjena integracija in postavitev MAUI mobilnih aplikacij
Authors: Granda Alen
Published: September 2023

S prihodom ogrodja MAUI je v svet mobilnih informacijskih rešitev razvitih v tehnologiji .NET prispela možnost avtomatizacije postopka gradnje in izdaje novih verzij programske opreme s pomočjo vsebnikov, ki se izvajajo pod operacijskim sistemom Linux. Posledično razvoj poteka bolj produktivno, hitreje zaznamo morebitne napake v programski kodi ter poskrbimo za boljšo uporabniško izkušnjo. V prispevku predstavimo poglavitne lastnosti ogrodja MAUI, opišemo primerjavo z njegovim predhodnikom Xamarin ter izpostavimo učinkovitostne izboljšave. Prikažemo način, kako avtomatizirati gradnjo in izdajo novih verzij produkcijskih mobilnih aplikacij razvitih v ogrodju MAUI s pomočjo metode neprekinjene integracije in postavitve v platformi GitLab. Metoda se v celoti izvaja v vsebniku pod operacijskim sistemom Linux. Predstavimo tudi praktični primer samodejnega posodabljanja demonstracijske mobilne aplikacije ob izdaji nove verzije z opisanim postopkom. Dodani so še koristni napotki ob implementaciji predstavljenega demonstracijskega primera.
The Cardinal Squaring Principle and an Alternative Axiomatization of NFU
Authors: Adlešić Tin , Čačić Vedran
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we rigorously prove the existence of type-level ordered pairs in Quine’s New Foundations with atoms, augmented by the axiom of infinity and the axiom of choice (NFU + Inf + AC). The proof uses the cardinal squaring principle; more precisely, its instance for the (infinite) universe (VCSP), which is a theorem of NFU + Inf + AC. Therefore, we have a justification for proposing a new axiomatic extension of NFU, in order to obtain type-level ordered pairs almost from the beginning. This axiomatic extension is NFU + Inf + AC + VCSP, which is equivalent to NFU + Inf + AC, but easier to reason about.
The potential anticancer activities of telmisartan – a literature review
Authors: Hadjiyianni Andriana , Kalali Datis
Published: September 2023

In the field of pharmacological therapy, due to the high costs and other obstacles encountered in developing novel drugs, a variety of studies have recently focused on repositioning existing pharmaceutical agents. Regarding the pharmacotherapy of cancer, many possible drugs may exhibit anticancer effects owing to the vast number of biological mechanisms involved in the proliferation and survival of malignant cells. Telmisartan, a well-known inhibitor of the angiotensin II receptor used clinically as an antihypertensive, has been shown to target various signaling pathways in cancer cells, therefore exhibiting anti-proliferative, anti-apoptotic and anti-metastatic effects. Moreover, inhibitors of the angiotensin II receptor have been shown to increase the fluidity of the tumor microenvironment, thus increasing the efficacy of chemotherapy as drug delivery to the tumor is enhanced. The present review provides an insight into the different anticancer mechanisms of telmisartan, as well as recent and past studies which have tested the drug in vitro and in vivo on different types of cancers. This may provide a perspective for future clinical trials on repositioning telmisartan as an anti-cancer agent.
Growth Pattern and Physiological Response of Japanese Quails to Administered Aqueous Solution of Egg Lime Molasses Mixture
Authors: Akintunde A.O. , Ndubuisi-Ogbonna L.C. , Olorunfemi O. A. , Ladele M.M. , Ojo, O.A. , Adewunmi A. , Akinboye O.E.
Published: September 2023

Background: Japanese quails have the potentials of being cheap source of animal protein. This study was conducted to determine the growth pattern and physiological response of Japanese quails to administration of aqueous solution of egg lime molasses mixture (ELM). Methods: ELM was prepared by placing fresh eggs in a bowl after which 1 liter of lime juice and 500 g of molasses were added and left for 10 days at temperature of 27°C and relative humidity of 61%. The entire solution was then blended together. Two hundred day old Japanese quails were assigned to five treatments (4 replicates/treatment) with forty birds in a completely randomized design (CRD). The control (T1) having no administration of ELM, T2 had an inclusion level of 10 ml, T3: 20 ml, T4: 30 ml and T5: 40 ml ELM all into 500 ml of water. Feed and water were offered ad libitum. The study was carried out for 49 days. Data were collected on growth, morphometrics and key physiology parameters. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance using SPSS Version 22. Result: Significant difference (p less than 0.05) was observed only for feed conversion ratio at the starter phase, however, birds administered 20 ml ELM/500 ml of water had the best FCR. Significant differences (p less than 0.05) were observed for live weight and weight gain at the finisher phase. Significant differences (p less than 0.05) were observed in body morphometrics with birds administered 20 ml/500 ml of water having the highest values. There were significant differences (p less than 0.05) in rectal temperature and respiratory rate at the starter phase while at the finisher phase, significant difference (p less than 0.05) was only observed in rectal temperature. It can be concluded from this study that aqueous administration of egg lime molasses solution in the diet of Japanese quails has no detrimental effect on the growth pattern and physiological response.
Gestión de proyectos aplicada al PMBOK 6ED
Authors: Sarmiento Rojas Jorge Andrés , Correa Candamil Carlos Humberto , Jiménez Roa Diego Eduardo
Published: September 2023

No hay persona en el mundo que no se haya enfrentado a alguna adversidad, así como no existe proyecto que responda completamente a una necesidad desde su origen, en tal caso ¿qué sentido tendría formular y gestionar un proyecto? Por el contrario, estos devienen con una serie de enigmas e incertidumbres que al final constituyen los retos que el gerente de proyectos desea superar, se alimenta de ellos y trabaja de manera conjunta con su equipo en busca del éxito y el cumplimiento de objetivos.La experiencia de cada persona que en su vida haya gerenciado un proyecto, se encuentra enmarcada en el sufrimiento que genera el no tener claridad y experiencia en los procesos que se deben tener en cuenta para llevarlo a buen destino. Así, como la incertidumbre se convierte en el reto diario de los gerentes de proyectos, familiarizar al lector con la gestión de proyectos sin importar su experiencia y ámbito profesional representa el desafío del presente libro.
Reptiles del Caribe colombiano
Authors: Carvajal-Cogollo Juan E. , Rojas-Murcia Luis E. , Cárdenas-Arévalo Gladys
Published: September 2023

Este libro representa un importante trabajo hecho con autoridad, rigurosidad y mucho amor, que pone al alcance de los científicos, autoridades ambientales y público en general, el conocimiento de un grupo tan valioso como incomprendido y algunas veces satanizado: los reptiles. Los autores no solo ponen a disposición información secundaria, sino que la revisan, actualizan y hacen sus propios aportes al conocimiento de la biota de una importante región, que ha sido cruce obligado de caminos, en la dispersión de las faunas entre el sur y el norte del continente americano. La presentación es agradable y facilita su lectura y comprensión. Debería ser una herramienta básica en la toma de decisiones ambientales y en los currículos en la enseñanza de las ciencias en la región Caribe.
An Efficient Breast Cancer Detection Using Jelly Electrophorus Optimization Based Deep 3D Convolution Neural Networks (CNN)
Authors: Patel Sagarkumar
Published: September 2023

Breast cancer is one of the world’s most serious diseases that affect millions of women every year, and the number of people affected is increasing. The only practical way to lessen the impact of a disease is through early detection. Researchers have developed a variety of methods for identifying breast cancer, and using histopathology images as a tool has been quite successful. As an enhancement, this research develops a jelly electrophorus optimization-based 3D density connected deep Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) for the identification of breast cancer using histopathology images and input is collected and pre-processing is performed for improve the histopathology image’s properties. Then the feature extraction is performed through VGG-16, AlexNet, ResNet-101, statistical features. Finally, these concatenated features are fed forwarded to 3D density connected 3D deep Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) classifier it automatically detects breast cancer effectively with the help of jelly electrophorus optimization. The proposed jelly electrophorus optimization adjusts the classifier’s weights and bias. In terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, the proposed JEO-3D deep Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) approach attains values of 93.73%, 95.31%, and 94.14% for dataset 1 and 88.75%, 90.32%, and 89.15% for dataset 2, which is more successful.
Protective Effects of Ethanol Extract from Hippophae rhamnoides L. Leaves against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats
Authors: DUYSAK Lale , GÜLABOĞLU Mine , YÜKSEL Tuğba Nurcan , HALICI Zekai , CANAYAKIN Doğukan , DEMİR Galip Mesut
Published: September 2023

We aimed to determine the effects of ethanol extract of Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. 35 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 7 groups (n=5) at random: healthy; Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves ethanol extract (HR) III; indomethacin; indomethacin+famotidine; indomethacin+HRI (100 mg/kg); indomethacin +HRII (250 mg/kg) and indomethacin +HRIII (500 mg/kg). All rats except the healthy group fasted for 24 hours. At the end of this period, HR and famotidine (20 mg/kg) were administered by oral gavage to the corresponding rat groups. Five minutes after the HR treatments, 25 mg/kg of indomethacin was applied by oral gavage to all groups except the Healthy and HR III groups. Six hours after indomethacin administration, stomach tissues were removed for investigation macroscopic and biochemically (Superoxide dismutase activity, Glutathione, and Malondialdehyde levels). HR administration improved ulcerative injury in stomach tissues caused by the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. HR administration reduced indomethacin-induced ulcer areas. Moreover, HR treatment significantly decreased malondialdehyde levels, increased glutathione levels, and elevated superoxide dismutase activity. HR significantly improved gastric ulcer by alleviating oxidative stress that could be important in ulcer. HR may be a new potential treatment option for ulcer treatment with an antioxidant effect. These findings may provide a mechanistic basis for using HR leaves to treat gastric ulcer.
A review of population genetics and the prospects for crop improvement
Authors: Ntsomboh-Ntsefong Godswill , Somo Toukam Gabriel Mahbou , Likeng-Li-Ngue Benoit Constant , Mbi Kingsley Tabi , Essubalew Seyum Getachew , Shariati Mohammad Ali , Hristova Vesna Karapetkovska , Tonfack Libert Brice , Bell Joseph Martin , Youmbi Emmanuel
Published: September 2023

This study discusses the importance of population genetics in the context of crop improvement and its role in addressing challenges related to food security. Population genetics is crucial in identifying desirable traits and genetic markers, developing breeding strategies and improving the efficacy of crop improvement programs. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations emphasizes the importance of crop improvement in addressing global food security challenges and highlights the role of population genetics in improving crop yields, developing new varieties, and increasing the resilience of crops to environmental stressors. By using population genetics to improve crop yields, disease resistance, and other desirable traits, breeders can help ensure a sustainable and secure food supply for future generations.
Economic Impact of the Implementation of a Multidisciplinary Diabetic Foot Clinic in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Pérez-Montes Alejandra , Ricou Ríos Laura , Pons Calsapeu Arnau , López Seguí Francesc , Riera Clàudia , Sirvent Marc , Reynaga Esteban , Viadé Jordi , Malagon Paloma , Soldevila Berta , Perez Ricard , Casademunt Elena , Bonet Glòria , Puig Domingo Manel , Estrada Oriol , Alonso Núria
Published: September 2023

Aims: Multidisciplinary diabetic foot clinics have been shown to be an effective therapeutic model for reducing major amputations and mortality rates. The aim of this article is to assess the economic impact of the implementation of a multidisciplinary diabetic foot clinic in a hospital in Barcelona, Spain. Methods: Observational cost-benefit study of all subjects with diabetes admitted with the diagnosis of a major amputation due to diabetic foot from 2010 to 2020. Direct and indirect costs were compared before and after the introduction of the multidisciplinary diabetic foot clinic. Results: The individual cost per patient with diabetic foot was €14,768 before the implementation of the unit. After the implementation of the clinic, the expected cost was reduced to €5,985 due to a 40% reduction in the probability of hospitalization. Overall, the implementation of the clinic resulted in cost savings per patient valued at €8,783, of which, €7,165 are related to hospital benefits. Conclusion: The results of this analysis contributes to the evidence suggesting that multidisciplinary diabetic foot clinics are cost-effective, by demonstrating that they have a positive impact on patient health while also reducing the utilization of healthcare resources.
Pemafibrate Improves Alanine Aminotransferase Levels Independently of Its Lipid-lowering Effect
Authors: Watanabe Azuma , Horigome Ryoko , Nakatsuka Yumiko , Terai Shuji
Published: September 2023

AIM Non-alcoholic　fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. Pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α modulator (SPPARMα), has been reported to ameliorate liver function among patients with dyslipidemia. However, there are not many reports of the clinical effects of the pemafibrate. This study aims to summarize the experience of using pemafibrate and analyze the effects on liver function in patients with dyslipidemia. METHODS One hundred twelve cases of hyperlipidemia receiving pemafibrate 0.2 mg/day were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Age, gender, BMI, complications, concomitant medications, serum parameters (TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, AST, ALT, γGTP, ALP, platelets, M2BPGi, Cre, eGFR, HbA1c, blood glucose level at any time) were investigated and evaluated. RESULTS Pemafibrate administration significantly improved serum TG and HDL-C, but not in LDL-C. Serum AST, ALT, γGTP, and ALP were also significantly improved. The fib-4 index, a liver fibrosis score, did not change significantly, but M2-BPGi, an index of fibrosis, decreased significantly. No correlation was observed between each lipid parameter and ALT, and ALT decreased independently of the lipid parameters. Conclusions As we expected, pemafibrate demonstrated a lipid-improving effect without adversely affecting hepatic and renal functions. An unexpected finding was the decrease in ALT that was independent of lipid parameters.
Cyber-attacks on Public Key Cryptography
Authors: Radanliev Petar
Published: September 2023

This study provides an in-depth exploration and analysis of the complex aspects of Public Key Cryptography, focusing on the vulnerabilities, potential attack vectors, and the consequential impacts of key compromises. The discussion extends beyond the conventional technical paradigms, offering a holistic perspective that intertwines theoretical insights with practical implications, thereby contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of cryptographic security. The paper delves into the intricacies of brute-force attacks, elucidating the significance of key sizes, encryption algorithms, and the inherent resilience of cryptographic systems against such attacks. It further examines the ramifications of key compromises in Public Key Cryptography, highlighting the repercussions on confidentiality, integrity, trust, and legal and reputational standing. The study underscores the importance of maintaining the security and integrity of cryptographic keys and provides practical recommendations to mitigate the risks associated with key compromises. These include enhanced awareness and education, stringent protection of sensitive information, proactive risk management, strict compliance with regulations and standards, and the promotion of a security-centric culture. The insights gleaned from this study are pivotal in informing future research, policy development, cryptographic implementations, and the cultivation of secure practices, fostering a more secure, resilient, and ethical digital environment in the face of an evolving threat landscape. The contributions of this study are instrumental in advancing the field of cryptography and enhancing the overall understanding of the challenges and considerations inherent in implementing robust cryptographic practices.
Study of Fiber Coupling Efficiency and Adaptive Optics Correction Technique in Atmospheric Slant-Range Channels
Authors: Ding Xiaoying , Zhao Xin , Wang Tong , Wu Xiaoyun , Chen Shu , Liu Dewang
Published: September 2023

Fiber coupling efficiency is one of the key technical indicators of atmospheric laser communication, which directly affects the communication system BER. According to the optical fiber coupling efficiency model, the optical fiber coupling model under atmospheric slant link is established, and the relationship between wavelength, zenith angle, receiving aperture, altitude and coupling efficiency is studied through numerical simulation. Based on the principle of adaptive optics turbulence correction, the relationship between fiber coupling efficiency and adaptive optics order is established. A fast method for estimating the coupling efficiency based on Strehl ratio is proposed. According to the principle of laser communication system, the semi-physical simulation experimental system of atmospheric slant-range channel coupling efficiency is constructed, and the coupling efficiency test and analysis are completed.
Magnetostructural D‐Correlations and Their Impact to Single‐Molecule Magnetism
Authors: Titiš Ján , Rajnák Cyril , Boča Roman
Published: September 2023

Functional dependence of the axial zero-field splitting parameter D with respect to a properly chosen geometrical parameter (Dstr) in metal complexes is termed the Magnetostructural D-Correlation. In mononuclear hexacoordinate Ni(II) complexes with the ground electronic term 3B1g (3A2g in the regular octahedron) it proceeds along two intercepting straight lines allowing to predict the sign and magnitude of the D-parameter by knowing the X-ray structure alone; Dstr is constructed from the metal-ligand bond lengths. In hexacoordinate Co(II) complexes it is applicable only in the segment of the compressed bipyramid where the ground electronic term 4B1g is orbitally non-degenerate so that the spin Hamiltonian formalism holds true. The D vs Dstr correlation is strongly non-linear and it is represented by a set of decreasing exponentials. In tetracoordinate Co(II) complexes, on the contrary, the angular distortion from the regular tetrahedron is crucial so that the appropriate structural parameter Dstr is constructed of bond angles. All of these empirical correlations originate in the electronic structure of metal complexes that can be modelled by the generalized crystal-field theory. As the barrier to spin reversal in the single-molecule magnets is proportional to the D-value, for a rational tuning and/or prediction of the single-molecule magnetic behavior knowledge/prediction of the D-parameter is beneficial. In this review, we present the statistical processing of an extensive set of structural and magnetic data of Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes, which were published over the past 15 years. Magnetostructural D-correlations defined for this data set are reviewed in detail.
The Relationship between the Perception of Economic Risks and Other Risks Measured in Different and Separate Environments
Authors: Perlman Amotz
Published: September 2023

While studies that examined risk perceptions in various environments have been previously conducted, the relationship between risk perceptions measured in such environments had not been examined. Such a relationship, if found, may indicate that when one learns to identify risks in one environment, they may identify risks more easily and quickly in another.This study examined the relationship between measures of risk perception in several separate environments. The findings suggest that when learning to identify and assess risks in a particular environment, one may better identify and assess risks in a similar environment – for example, learning to identify and assess risks while driving makes it easier to identify and assess risks when crossing a road. Conversely, the findings also indicate that learning to identify and assess risks in one environment does not make it possible to better identify and assess risks in a disparate environment – for example, learning to identify and assess risks while driving does not make it easier to identify and assess risks in a workplace environment. This may also suggest that while disparate environments such as the road environment and the workplace environment are perceived as two separate environments, the road environment is experienced as one single environment by both drivers and pedestrians.
Assessment of Knowledge and Practices regarding Occupational Health and Safety among Small-Scale and Informal Woodworkers in the Fako Division, Cameroon
Authors: Hoque Muhammad Ehsanul , Tambe Ayuk Betrand , Zungu Lindiwe , Zoutenberg Shinaaz
Published: September 2023

Occupational injury is widely acknowledged as a significant public health concern. There is a dearth of knowledge regarding occupational harm within the context of small-scale and woodworking firms in Cameroon. The objective of this study was to examine the knowledge and practices of woodworkers in Cameroon with the purpose of formulating suggestions for enhancement. This study employed a quantitative research design and targeted a sample of 223 workers. The participants were selected a snowball sampling approach was used to select participants from small-scale and informal wood processing enterprises located in the Tiko, Mutengene, Buea, Ekona, and Muyuka districts. Data collection was completed using a structured questionnaire. The results of the study indicated that most individuals engaged in woodworking were male, of a younger age, and possessed limited experience. These woodworkers primarily acquired their skills through apprenticeship programmes and were known to work extended hours. The respondents exhibited a notable lack of knowledge and adherence to workplace health and safety procedures. The study found a statistically significant association (p<0.05) between woodworkers' age, medium of training, job category and their knowledge of specific occupational health and safety (OHS) components. The study revealed that there is a strong association between the practise of specific occupational health and safety (OHS) components and various factors among woodworkers. These factors include the level of education, the medium through which they obtained training, their work experience, and the type of employment. Importantly, each of these factors individually contributes to the observed association. The study suggests that it is necessary to implement effective strategies to reduce the incidence of work-related injuries. This can be achieved by improving health and safety promotion initiatives, particularly through the provision of pre-employment occupational health and safety (OHS) training for newly hired employees. Additionally, it is important to ensure that workers are equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment, as well as necessary supplies such as suitable fire extinguishers and first aid kits.
A Luminescent MOF Based on Pyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxylate Ligand and Lead(II) with Unprecedented Topology
Authors: Razquin-Bobillo Laura , Pajuelo-Corral Oier , Zabala-Lekuona Andoni , Vitorica-Yrezabal Iñigo J. , García Jose Angel , Moreno Jose María , Rodríguez-Diéguez Antonio , Cepeda Javier
Published: September 2023

In the present work, we report on a 3D MOF of {[Pb5(3-OH)(3-NO3)3(6-pmdc)3·H2O}n formula (pmdc = pyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxylate) synthesized by an oven-heated solvent-free procedure. The large connectivity afforded by the three ligands in their coordination to lead(II) ions grows cubic building units characterized by a central Pb atom with an unusual coordination index of 12 and six pmdc ligands occupying the faces. These cubic units are linked one another giving rise to a quite condensed structure that represents an unprecedented topology showing the (4.62)6(43)2(45.610)3(45.68.82)6(46.69)6(612.83) point symbol. The crystalline material has been characterized by routine physico-chemical techniques to confirm its purity and its thermal behaviour has been also studied by thermogravimetric and thermodiffractometric analyses. The solid presents greenish blue photoluminescent emission based on pmdc ligands, as revealed time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations, by that is substantially more intense than in free H2pmdc ligand according to its improved quantum yield. The emissive capacity of the material is further analysed according to decreasing temperature of the polycrystalline sample, finding that sizeable long-lasting phosphorescence is present.
A Numerical Investigation concerning the Effect of Step-Feeding on Performance of Constructed Wetlands Operating under Mediterranean Conditions
Authors: Liolios Konstantinos A.
Published: September 2023

The effects of wastewater step-feeding on the performance of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands (HSF CWs) are numerically investigated. The purpose is to check if this alternative feeding technique increases the ability of HSF CWs to remove pollutants. Two methodologies are used: Initially, the Tanks-In-series (TIS) methodology, based on Finite Volume Method (FVM), is analyzed by using the volumetric degradation coefficient λ. In this case the operation of CW is similar with a series of Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactors (CSTR), under steady conditions. Then, the Step-Feeding (SF) procedure is presented, when the CW is operated like a Plug Flow Reactor (PFR). The results show that the SF procedure does not improve the performance of HSF CWs on removing Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), operating under Mediterranean conditions.
Hydrogen Combustion:Features and Barriers to its Exploitation in the Energy Transition
Authors: Giacomazzi Eugenio , Troiani Guido , Di Nardo Antonio , Calchetti Giorgio , Cecere Donato , Messina Giuseppe , Carpenella Simone
Published: September 2023

The aim of this article is to review hydrogen combustion applications within the energy transition framework. Hydrogen blends are also included, from the well known hydrogen enriched natural gas (HENG) to the hydrogen and ammonia blends whose chemical kinetics is still not clearly defined. Hydrogen and hydrogen blends combustion characteristics will be firstly summarized, in terms of standard properties like the laminar flame speed and the adiabatic flame temperature, but also evidencing the critical role of hydrogen preferential diffusion in burning rate enhancement and the drastic reduction in radiative emission with respect to natural gas flames. Then, combustion applications in both thermo-electric power generation (based on internal combustion engines, i.e., gas turbines and piston engines)
and hard-to-abate industry (requiring high temperature kilns and furnaces) sectors will be considered, highlighting the main issues due to hydrogen addition related to safety, pollutant emissions, and potentially negative effects on industrial products (e.g., glass, cement and ceramic).
Oil Extraction From Hemp Plant as a Potential Source of Antioxidants for Healthy Protein Foods
Authors: Mileti Olga , Baldino Noemi , Paleologo Mario F.O. , Lupi Francesca R , Marra Maria , Iacopetta Domenico , Gabriele Domenico
Published: September 2023

(1) Background: In recent years, the increasing demand for alternative food shifted research toward new types of food sources. It is well known that many diseases are caused by oxidative stress, then supplementation of antioxidants can be proposed to reduce it. Cannabis Sativa (CS) is an interesting alternative source of antioxidant species. The use of CS for the extraction of these molecules could be optimized to maximize the antioxidant yield extracts.
(2) Methods: This work aimed to investigate extraction methods of CBD oil from CS inflorescences and stalks to obtain antioxidant-enriched compounds for use in food by mixing with a carrier oil like hemp seed oil. Soxhlet (SE), dynamic maceration (DME) and supercritical fluid (SFE) extraction techniques were performed, using CS inflorescences and stalks; by High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis the antioxidants were individuated and quantified; moreover, the antioxidant power was investigated by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays and finally doughs enriched with hemp oil were studied by rheological measurements
(3) Results: The best results in terms of CBD yield were obtained by dynamic maceration from only flowers and it also shows a good antioxidant power.
(4) Conclusions: Formulation of protein bars with hemp oil enriched in CBD could be an excellent means for the consumption of products enriched with antioxidants because it preserves the CBD anti-inflammatory activity.
Deepening Depression in Women Balancing Work-Life and Caregiving during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings of Gender-Specific Face-to-Face Street Interviews Conducted in Italy
Authors: Giusti Laura , Mammarella Silvia , Del Vecchio Sasha , Salza Anna , Casacchia Massimo , Roncone Rita
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, quality of life, and family functioning in a sample of the general female population, exploring difficulties encountered in managing family and work responsibilities and burden of care when taking care of a loved one. The study was moreover aimed at investigating factors capable of influencing severe depressive symptomatology in the context of socio-demographics, traumatic events, individual vulnerability, and family functioning.
Method: During a weekend devoted to Mental Health initiatives (October 8-10, 2021), 211 women were interviewed (47% exposed to the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake).
Results: More than 50% of the sample reported a higher complexity in managing their lives during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to their previous routine, with no statistically significant differences between working women and non-workers, although the latter obtained higher scores for depressive symptomatology and poorer quality of life. Compared to non-caregivers, women caregivers (22.3%) in charge of the care of loved ones affected by physical (10.9%) or psychiatric disabilities (11.4%) complained of a poorer quality of life, with those caring for people affected by mental disorders seeming to experience a more significant worsening.
Approximately 20% of the total sample reported severe depressive symptomatology. Previous access to mental health services (O.R. 10.923), low level of education (O.R. 5.410) and difficulties in management of their everyday lives during the COVID-19 pandemic (O.R. 3.598) were found to be the main variables predictive of severe depressive psychopathology. Old age, good problem-solving skills and ability to pursue personal goals were identified as protective factors.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic underlined the need for support for emotionally vulnerable women with pre-existing mental health conditions, partly reflecting the cumulative effects of traumas.
Oxygen demand forecasting and optimal scheduling of the oxygen gas system in the iron- and steel-making enterprises
Authors: Zhang Peikun , Wang Li
Published: September 2023

Due to the imbalance between the supply and demand of oxygen, the oxygen system of iron- and steel-making enterprises in China has problems with high oxygen emission and high pressure in the pipelines, resulting in the energy consumption of oxygen production being high. To relieve this problem, using a large-scale iron- and steel-making mill as a case study, the research on demand forecasting and optimal scheduling of the oxygen system was carried out. The ARIMA model and the GABP model are employed to forecast oxygen demand. Based on the forecast results, an optimal scheduling model for the oxygen system was developed to conduct optimal scheduling. The case study shows that based on the oxygen demand forecast and the optimal scheduling, the oxygen emission and the pipeline pressure in the studied iron- and steel-making enterprise can be significantly reduced, thereby achieving considerable energy-saving effects and economic benefits. Specifically, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) For the oxygen demand forecast, the prediction accuracy of the GABP model is better than that of the ARIMA model. The average MAPE of the 12 sets of data of the ARIMA and GABP models are 23.8% and 20.2%, respectively. (2) By comparing the scheduling results and the field data, it is found that after the scheduling, the amount of oxygen emission has decreased by 6.32%, the pipeline pressure has decreased by 0.61%, and the energy consumption of oxygen compression has decreased by 1.6%. Considering both the oxygen emission loss and the energy consumption of oxygen compression, the total power consumption of the oxygen system is reduced by 1.38%, which saves the electricity cost of about 9.03 million RMB per year.
Efficacy of Pirfenidone According to Dose in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Prospective, Observational, Single-Center Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Ho Young , Jung So Young , Jang Ji Hoon , Ko Junghae , Kim Dae-Wook , Her Minyoung , Lee Jae Ha
Published: September 2023

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease with a poor prognosis. Pirfenidone is approved and widely used for the treatment of IPF and reduces lung function decline. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of different doses of pirfenidone for the prevention of disease progression in patients with IPF. Methods: This was a prospective, observational, single-center cohort study conducted in Haeundae Paik Hospital, Republic of Korea, from April 2021 to March 2023. IPF patients were assigned to three groups according to the dose of pirfenidone (600mg, 1,200mg, 1,800mg). The primary endpoint was the efficacy of pirfenidone according to dose for the prevention of disease progression over 12 months. The secondary endpoint was the role of Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) in predicting disease progression. Results: A total of 44 patients were enrolled, of whom 39 completed the study, with 13 patients assigned to each of the three groups. The median age was 71.7 years, and 79.5% of patients were men. The baseline characteristics were similar across groups, except the 600mg group was older (75.9 vs. 69.2 vs. 68.2 years, p = 0.016). Fourteen patients (35.9%) suffered disease progression. The rate of disease progression did not differ according to the dose of pirfenidone (38.5 vs. 38.5 vs. 30.8%, p = 1.000). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, KL-6 was not a statistically significant predictor of disease progression. Conclusions: In our study, regardless of dose, consistent pirfenidone use for 12 months resulted in similar efficacy for the prevention of disease progression in patients with IPF. Large-scale, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed.
Estimating Vitamin C Intake Requirements in Diabetes Mellitus: Assessment of NHANES 2017–2018 and EPIC-Norfolk Cohorts
Authors: Carr Anitra C. , Lunt Helen , Wareham Nicholas J. , Myint Phyo K.
Published: September 2023

Vitamin C is an essential enzyme cofactor and antioxidant with pleiotropic roles in human physiology. Circulating vitamin C concentrations are lower in people with diabetes mellitus suggesting a higher dietary requirement for the vitamin. We interrogated the NHANES 2017/2018 and EPIC-Norfolk datasets to compare vitamin C requirements between those with and without diabetes mellitus using dose-concentration relationships fitted with sigmoidal (four parameter logistic) curves. The NHANES cohort (n=2828 non-supplementing adults) comprised 488 (17%) participants with diabetes (self-reported or HbA1c ≥6.5%). The participants with diabetes had a lower vitamin C status (median [IQR]) than those without (38 [17, 52] µmol/L vs 44 [25, 61] µmol/L, p<0.0001), despite comparable dietary intakes between the two groups (51 [26, 93] mg/d vs 53 [24, 104] mg/d, p=0.5). Dose-concentration relationships indicated that the group without diabetes reached adequate vitamin C concentrations (50 µmol/L) with an intake of 81 (72, 93) mg/d, whilst the those with diabetes required an intake of 166 (126, NA) mg/d. In the EPIC-Norfolk cohort, comprising 20692 non-supplementing adults, 475 (2.3%) had self-reported diabetes at baseline. The EPIC cohort had lower a BMI than the NHANES cohort (26 [24, 28] kg/m2 vs 29 [25, 34] kg/m2, respectively). Correspondingly, the EPIC participants without diabetes required a lower vitamin C intake of 64 (63, 65) mg/d while those with diabetes required 129 (104, NA) mg/d to reach adequate circulating vitamin C status. C-reactive protein concentrations were strongly correlated with body weight and BMI and provided a surrogate biomarker for vitamin C requirements. In conclusion, people with diabetes have 1.4- to 1.6-fold higher requirements for vitamin C than those without diabetes. This corresponds to additional daily vitamin C intake requirements of ~30-40 mg for people with diabetes.
Sustainable Energy Development: History and Recent Advances
Authors: Akpan Joseph , Olanrewaju Oludolapo
Published: September 2023

Sustainable energy development (SED) is a crucial component of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), aiming to maintain economic and social progress while protecting the environment and mitigating climate change's effects. SED serves as a transition paradigm for sustainable development, providing a blueprint for energy peace and prosperity for people and all uses. This article identifies 10 interlinked themes of SED and explores 2 of them, which are the least studied in existing SED reviews. These two themes include energy financing and the need for 100% renewable energy (RE), a part of the decarbonization strategy towards the 1.5 – 2.0° C Scenario. The study suggests that the current G20 countries' contributions, if done continuously per annum, in addition to 80% more funding from private investment of the same amount in the 1.5°C scenario financial requirement for clean energy, is sufficient to limit global warming. In addition to the present drive for 100% RE, the article also emphasizes addressing other issues, such as energy storage options, developing countries' development agenda, and regional security stability to prevent energy wars. Emerging SED decarbonization strategies are presented across power, transport, building, and industrial sectors. The study concludes with progress and directions for future research, mainly the need for re-defining National Determined Contribution (NDC) through a centralized global or regional stock-taking strategy for greenhouse gas emissions reduction.