bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Bauran Pemasaran Usaha Keripik Singkong “Laziza” Di Desa Banyumulek Kecamatan Kediri Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Faezal Faezal , Oktiani Asri , Maryanti Sri
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana penerapan strategi bauran pemasaran yang diterapkan pada produk keripik singkong Laziza dan kendala yang dihadapi dalam penerapannya. Penelitian in menggunakan metode diskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang mengkaji penerapan bauran pemasaran yang terdiri dari produk, harga distribusi dan promosi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Usaha keripik singkong laziza telah menerapkan strategi bauran pemasaran yang cukup baik meskipun terdapat beberapa kendalam dalam pelaksanaanya yang terkait sistem saluran distribusi dan juga promosi produk yang masih mengandalkan personal selling dan juga wordn of mouth. Disarankan penerapan bauran pemasaran yang lebih adaptif dan inovatif untuk meningkatkan saya saing dan mempertahankan kebarlanjutan usaha keripik singkong Laziza.
Eksaminasi Kinerja Aparatur Sipil Negara: Relasi Kepemimpinan, Budaya Organisasi dan Lingkungan Kerja
Authors: Batubara Soulthan Saladin , Wulandari Niken , Satria Bima
Published: November 2024

Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) sebagai ujung tombak pelayanan dituntut untuk memiliki kinerja secara optimal guna memenuhi pencapaian tujuan institusi dalam memberikan pelayanan publik, yaitu kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh Budaya Organisasi (X1), Lingkungan Kerja (X2) terhadap Kinerja (Y) aparatur sipil pada Aparatur Sipil pada Dinas Perindustrian, Perdagangan, Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan  kuantitatif dalam pengolahan data maupun informasi yang diperoleh. Populasi pada penelitian ini merupakan seluruh Aparatur Sipil Aparatur Sipil pada Dinas Perindustrian, Perdagangan, Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Provinsi Sumatera Utara yang didapat dengan menggunakan teknik sensus. Pada penelitian ini, data dikumpulkan menggunakan quesioner, wawancara serta studi dokumentasi. Hasil jawaban kuesioner dihitung dengan satuan pengukuran skala Likerts, yang diolah menggunakan metode analisis regresi dengan menggunakan program statistical product and service solution. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secsara parsial kepemimpinan, budaya organisasi dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja.
Gerakan Literasi Keuangan Syariah Mengedukasi Masyarakat Dalam Memahami Produk Keuangan
Authors: Anita Anita , Pratama Muhammad Irfan , Alfredo Harold Kevin
Published: November 2024

The Shari'ah financial literacy movement is a strategic effort to support the government in educating the public to understand Islamic financial products. Islamic financial products have three pillars, among others, Promoting education programs and national financial literacy campaigns, Strengthening financial literacy infrastructure. With the rapid sharia industry sector and the sizeable Muslim population in Indonesia, it has an impact on the importance of Islamic Financial Literacy to introduce Islamic financial products to the public. This study uses the Library Review method by exploring various reports and journals that are available to obtain information regarding the background of the problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Islamic financial literacy movement that has been carried out by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and other Financial Institutions to find the right solution for the acceleration of Islamic Financial Literacy.
The Effect of Transparency and Accountability on The Quality of Village Financial Reports (Empirical Study in Paseh District, Sumedang District)
Authors: Sukmayadi Sukmayadi , Sukmara Ading Rahman
Published: November 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of transparency and accountability on the quality of village financial reports in Paseh District, Sumedang Regency. The case study in this research is a village official who is tasked with managing village financial reports. The method in this research uses quantitative research methods with survey methods. Data collection was carried out using a cluster random sampling technique by distributing questionnaires to 72 respondents as a sample. The data analysis techniques used in this research are normality test, multiple linear regression test, partial correlation test, coefficient of determination test, hypothesis test t test (partially), f test (simultaneously) using the IBM SPSS Version 25 program. Research Results These are: (1) Transparency has a positive and significant effect on the Quality of Village Financial Reports, with a regression coefficient of 0.323, a Determination Coefficient of 0.351 or 35.1%, a value of t-count>t-table (2.487>1.66724) with a value significant 0.015<0.05. (2) Accountability has a positive and significant effect on the Quality of Village Financial Reports, with a regression coefficient of 0.472, a Determination Coefficient value of 0.427 or 42.7%, a t-count>t-table value (4.018>1.66724) with a significant value of 0.000 <0.05. (3) Transparency and Accountability have a positive and significant effect on the Quality of Village Financial Reports. With a Determination value of 0.466 or 46.6% and with a F-count>F-table value (32.023>3.98> with a significant value of 0.000<0.05, this means that the influence of Transparency and Accountability has a significant positive effect on the Quality of Village Financial Reports in Paseh District, Sumedang Regency
Analisis Dampak Penggunaan Media Sosial dengan Pendekatan AIDA terhadap UMKM Coffe Shop di Kecamatan Bojonegoro
Authors: Azhari Azhari , Suhartono Edy
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan pengaruh penggunaan media sosial dengan model pendekatan AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action) terhadap kinerja UMKM kedai kopi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif, dengan sampel sebanyak 43 UMKM di Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengisian kuesioner oleh pelaku usaha. Metode analisis data yang digunakan meliputi regresi linier berganda, uji hipotesis, dan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media sosial memiliki pengaruh secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja UMKM. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan uji F pada persamaan pertama yang menghasilkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 yang lebih kecil dari 0,05. Begitu pula pada persamaan kedua, dimana nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,001 juga menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan. Secara parsial terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara penggunaan media sosial terhadap kinerja UMKM. Selain itu, hasil uji R² diperoleh nilai R² total sebesar 0,698 yang berarti variabel bebas (media sosial) mampu menjelaskan 69,8% variabilitas variabel keterikatan (kinerja UMKM). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan media sosial yang efektif dapat meningkatkan kinerja UMKM, khususnya pada konteks kedai kopi di Kabupaten Bojonegoro.
Pengaruh Komunikasi dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Perusahaan PT IOL Indonesia
Authors: H. Fikriah  , Hana Yulia
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh komunikasi dan Kondisi lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan secara simultan dan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh komunikasi terhadap kinerja karyawan, serta Pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan secara parsial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakankan sampel jenuh dengan jumlah sampel responden sebanyak 40 orang. Sedangkan jenis data yang digunakan yaitu primer dan sekunder, dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Adapun metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode analisis Uji F dan Uji T dengan pengelolahan data menggunakan SPSS 24. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan SPSS 24 hasil Hipotesis simultan F menunjukan Fhitung = 18.846 dengan nilai sig sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 yang berarti “Ada Pengaruh Komunikasi dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. IOL Indonesia”. Sedangkan dari uji Hipotesis secara parsial uji t diperoleh Thitung dari variabel komunikasi sebesar 2.430 dengan nilai Ttabel sebesar 2.026 dengan nilai sig 0,020 < 0,05 hal ini berarti “Adanya Pengaruh Komunikasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. IOL Indonesia”, T hitung variabel Lingkungan Kerja sebesar 5.626 dengan nilai Ttable sebesar 2.026 dengan nilai sig 0.000 < 0,05 hal ini berarti “Adanya Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. IOL Indonesia”. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi, Komunikasi dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. IOL Indonesia memiliki pengaruh secara simultan dan parsial yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja UMKM di Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Authors: Susilo Joko Hadi , Alfiyana Siti
Published: November 2024

Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) memegang peranan penting dalam mendukung perekonomian lokal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor internal dan faktor eksternal dalam mempengaruhi kinerja UMKM di Kabupeten Bojonegoro. Dalam Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan analisis regresi linier berganda. Dengan ukuran sampel sebanyak 30 responden. Lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan faktor internal berpengaruh terhadap kinerja UMKM. Sedangkan faktor eksternal tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja UMKM. Namun secara bersama-sama faktor internal dan eksternal mempengaruhi kinerja UMKM. Sehingga meskipun dalam uji parsial faktor eskternal tidak berpengaruh namun dalam uji simultan kedua faktor tersebut mempengaruhi kinerja UMKM. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedua faktor tersebut memiliki keterkaitan yang dapat saling mendukung satu sama lain dalam meningkatkan kinerja UMKM.
Analisis Pemetaan Solvabilitas APBD Pemerintah di Pulau Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat 2021-2023
Authors: Oktavira Nurwidya , Sriningsih Siti
Published: November 2024

Analisis keuangan merupakan upaya untuk mengenali sifat-sifat keuangan dengan merujuk pada laporan keuangan yang disusun setiap tahun. Sejak lama, rasio solvabilitas biasanya lebih sering digunakan dalam konteks perusahaan. Dalam studi ini, penulis akan berkonsentrasi pada pemerintahan lokal. Dengan kata lain, peneliti akan melaksanakan studi tentang pemetaan keterampilan keuangan APBD Pemprov Nusa Tenggara Barat untuk tahun 2021 hingga 2023. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan seputar analisis tingkat kemampuan membayar utang dari Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) pemerintah Nusa Tenggara Barat selama periode 2021 hingga 2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai peta keterampilan dalam pengelolaan anggaran pendapatan dan belanja daerah (APBD) pemerintah Nusa Tenggara Barat pada rentang tahun 2021 sampai 2023. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Penilaian terhadap kemampuan keuangan anggaran dilakukan dengan mengukur rasio solvabilitas, indeks solvabilitas, dan indeks dimensi yang berhubungan dengan solvabilitas anggaran. Seluruh perhitungan ini adalah tahap akhir dalam mengevaluasi tingkat solvabilitas anggaran tersebut. Hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kemampuan anggaran di Kabupaten/Kota yang berada di Pulau Lombok, Provinsi NTB, memperlihatkan indikasi yang menggembirakan. Antara tahun 2021 hingga 2023, seluruh Kabupaten/Kota di Pulau Lombok telah memenuhi kriteria nilai kesehatan keuangan Pemerintah Daerah terkait solvabilitas anggaran.
Generasi Emas: Peran Lansia di Atas 70 Tahun dalam Dunia Kerja Jepang yang Unik dan Dinamis
Authors: Dian Sudiantini  , Herwan Herwan , Susan Kustiawan  , Pebrianti Pebrianti
Published: November 2024

Penuaan populasi di Jepang telah menciptakan dinamika sosial dan ekonomi yang unik, di mana lansia, khususnya mereka yang berusia di atas 70 tahun, terus memainkan peran penting dalam dunia kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi kontribusi dan peran lansia dalam sektor ketenagakerjaan Jepang, serta memahami faktor-faktor yang mendorong partisipasi mereka di usia lanjut. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan campuran, penelitian ini menggabungkan survei kuantitatif dan wawancara kualitatif mendalam terhadap pekerja lanjut usia, pengusaha, serta pembuat kebijakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lansia Jepang memiliki karakteristik yang khas dalam hal ketahanan fisik dan mental, yang berkontribusi pada produktivitas dan stabilitas ekonomi, khususnya di sektor pertanian, manufaktur tradisional, dan layanan lokal. Lansia juga dipandang sebagai sumber pengetahuan dan pengalaman yang tidak tergantikan, yang menjadi nilai tambah bagi usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM). Namun, meski lansia memberikan kontribusi signifikan, tantangan seperti keterbatasan fisik, adaptasi teknologi, dan risiko kesehatan tetap menjadi perhatian yang perlu diatasi melalui kebijakan ketenagakerjaan yang lebih inklusif dan dukungan sosial. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa dengan intervensi kebijakan yang tepat, seperti pelatihan keterampilan teknologi dan penyesuaian tempat kerja, peran lansia dalam dunia kerja dapat terus berkembang, mendukung keberlanjutan ekonomi dan sosial Jepang. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan strategis bagi negara-negara dengan populasi yang menua dalam merancang kebijakan ketenagakerjaan yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan.
If Men Can Do It, Then So Can a Woman: Inspiring Determination through Service-Learning and Silent Movies
Authors: Vasilko Kayla
Published: November 2024

In the American silent movie era, women were not associated with the ability to perform stunt work, drive an automobile without a man present, or be much more than a supporting face in a film, despite the fact that there were more female film writers, directors and producers than male in that era, the importance of “automotive citizenship,” and the added difficulty of women’s stunt work (women performed high risk stunts like jumping from buildings, etc., but they had to do it in gowns, and bikinis); today, women and minorities are highly under-represented in boardrooms, director’s chairs, and a startling number of fields across the country, impacting everything from human rights, to mental health, to the percentage of a dollar earned. Community programs that demonstrate anyone is capable of achieving their goals in the fields of their choice are imperative. For two semesters, I worked with multiple community and national partners (the LaPorte County Historical Society (IN), the Barker Mansion (IN), the Henry Ford Museum (MI), the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (CA), and more), to learn about the need for representation, research the life of silent movie actress Anita King, uncover artifacts connected to her, bring her to life in a new museum exhibit in LaPorte County Indiana (her hometown), and create community programming. In addition to the museum exhibit that was created, a historical monument was placed, a traveling exhibit was started, original Anita King silent films were restored, and public learning activities were initiated (e.g., grade school viewings of the restored films, public reflections, community celebrations). From these experiences, and the resulting reflection, I learned about the importance of promoting ideas of competency, independence, and endurance for all people, and continue to carry this through my work as a graduate instructor, volunteer, and organization leader.
Stimulating the Interest of Young Learners in Physics through Storytelling and STEM Activities
Authors: Babalola Emmanuel , Yu Wonjin , Omoz Hillary Ongoyo , Saka Zainab , Ojike Favour , Adedeji Iyanu
Published: November 2024

The Physics is Fun Project is an initiative funded by Purdue’s Office of Engagement and aims to promote an interest in physics among young learners aged 5 to 12. The project’s unique approach blends instructional design and motivational design to create an engaging and relevant learning experience. Development of the project was guided by the analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate (ADDIE) framework and Keller’s attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction (ARCS) theory and utilized storytelling and hands-on learning strategies to bring physics to life through the story of a young physics enthusiast who is passionate about building a dream car. Basic physics concepts such as force, motion, and energy were presented using age-appropriate language and large infographics with relatable examples. Learners each received a STEM packet to construct their own dream car, therefore providing an authentic learning experience as they assembled their own car with the physics concepts. The first outreach was held in collaboration with Imagination Station in Lafayette and reached over 30 young physics inquirers with minimal scaffolding to support their learning.
Klondike Elementary School: Serving Purdue and the Local Community and Empowering Students from around the Globe through High-Quality Learning Experiences Accenting Diversity and Inclusion
Authors: Zhang Jingyuan , Xin and Yan Ping
Published: November 2024

Disabilities Awareness Program (DAP) aims to cultivate an understanding of disability and inclusion among young children through accessible instructions, age-appropriate activities, and engaging discussions. We want to take this opportunity to introduce one of our school partners - Klondike Elementary School (KES), to recognize its contributions to DAP in providing service-learning opportunities and showcase KES as one of the community partners.
Pluralistic collaborative formulation in online practice: learning to work around the digital partition.
Authors: Harney Joseph
Published: November 2024

This article offers a personal reflection on finding my feet with pluralistic collaborative formulation in online therapeutic work, putting theory into practice for the first time. It centres around the work that unfolded with my first placement client during my training as a pluralistic counsellor, in relation to the process of creating an online collaborative formulation timeline diagram using video conferencing software. The paper discusses how I struggled to adjust and adapt a technique originally developed for in-person practice, to arrive at a point where my client and I were able to work together to produce a formulation that was meaningful for them. Core themes in this process included handling my novice’s anxiety and way of being in the online space, and developing strategies for overcoming the impact of the digital partition between therapist and client. My hope is that this reflective piece might stimulate dialogue around how to develop and refine pluralistic principles and concepts in the context of online practice.
Work-Life Balance and Professional Development: Their Impact on Employee Performance
Authors: Badaruddin Badaruddin , Surianto Surianto , Fatmasari Fatmasari
Published: November 2024

This study explores the relationships between work-life balance, professional development, and employee performance, focusing on how these factors interact to enhance job satisfaction, productivity, and skill development. The research employed a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews, focus groups, and observational data to gather insights from employees across various organizations. The study analyzed how work-life balance and professional development initiatives impact employee performance and organizational culture. The findings indicate that a balanced work environment, coupled with access to professional development opportunities, significantly enhances employee performance. Employees with a healthy work-life balance reported lower stress levels and higher job satisfaction, leading to increased productivity. Additionally, professional development was found to improve technical and managerial skills, boosting confidence and job competence. The synergy between work-life balance and professional development created a supportive environment that promoted both personal well-being and professional growth, resulting in a positive feedback loop of engagement and performance. This study highlights the importance of integrating work-life balance policies with continuous professional development programs to achieve sustainable employee performance and organizational success. It underscores the critical role of transformational leadership and supportive organizational culture in fostering a productive work environment. Future research should explore these relationships quantitatively and across diverse industries to further validate and expand upon these findings.
Costs associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis disease progression in Medicare patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kim Yestle , Medicis Joseph , Davis Matthew , Nunag Dominic , Gish Robert
Published: November 2024

Aim:
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), is a severe form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MASLD), that may progress to advanced liver disease. Costs associated with progression are not well characterized. This study sought to quantify costs and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) associated with NASH progression.
Methods:
Patients were included if diagnosed with NASH (ICD-10: K75.81) in 100% Medicare claims data (2015–2021) who were ≥66 years at index (diagnosis), continuously enrolled in Parts A, B and D for ≥12 months prior to and 6 months following index (unless death) and who had no evidence of other causes of liver disease. Patient-time was categorized into five severity states: non-cirrhotic NASH, compensated cirrhosis (CC), decompensated cirrhosis (DCC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver transplant (LT). Annualized HRU and costs were calculated during the study periods overall and stratified by occurrence and timing of progression.
Results:
In 14,806 unique patients (n = 12,990 non-cirrhotic NASH; 1899 CC; 997 DCC; 209 HCC; 140 LT), mean age and follow-up were 72.2 and 2.8 years, respectively. Average annualized costs increased from baseline following diagnosis, generally scaling with severity: $16,231 to $27,044; $25,122 to $57,705; $40,613 to $181,036; $36,549 to $165,121 and $35,626 to $108,918 in NASH; CC; DCC; HCC; and LT; respectively. Non-cirrhotic NASH and CC patients with progression had higher follow-up spending (1.6x for NASH; 1.7x for CC) than non-progressors (both p < 0.001), 2.8 and 6.1-times higher odds of an inpatient stay and 2.6 and 3.6-times higher odds to be in the top 20% of spenders, respectively, relative to non-progressors (both p < 0.001). Patients progressing within a year had costs 1.4, 1.6, 1.7 and 2.2-times more than year 2, 3, 4 and 5 progressors' costs, respectively, for non-cirrhotic NASH and 1.3, 1.8, 2.0 and 2.2-times more than year 2, 3, 4 and 5 progressors' costs, respectively, for CC.
Conclusion:
NASH progression is associated with high costs that increase in more severe disease states. Slower progression is associated with lower costs, suggesting a potential benefit of therapies that may delay or prevent progression.
Digitale Textsouveränität. Ein 12-Dimensionen-Modell als heuristische Basis fachspezifischer Förderansätze und ihrer empirischen Erforschung
Authors: Frederking Volker
Published: November 2024

Im vorliegenden Artikel wird ein heuristisches Modell digitaler Textsouveränität als Basis von Förderansätzen im Rahmen fachlicher Bildungsprozesse und ihrer empirischen Erforschung vorgestellt und erläutert. Ausgangs- und Bezugspunkt sind fachdidaktische Modellierungen digitaler Souveränität in zwei vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) geförderten Forschungsverbünden zur fachspezifischen Lehrkräftebildung. Digitale Textsouveränität spielt darin eine exponierte Rolle. Bezeichnet wird damit die Fähigkeit zum selbstbestimmten Umgang mit digitalen Texten im Kontext funktionaler und personaler fachlicher Bildungsprozesse. Da die digitale Welt eine komplex strukturierte digitale Textwelt ist, zielt digitale Textsouveränität auf die selbstbestimmte rezeptive und produktive Partizipation an dieser Textwelt. Mit Blick auf die damit verbundenen Anforderungen für Lehrende und Lernende aller Fächer wird ein heuristisches 12-Dimensionen-Modell digitaler Textsouveränität vorgestellt, das im Fach Deutsch und anderen Fächern zum Einsatz gelangen soll und in dem digitale Texte auf drei Ebenen in den Blick genommen werden: Auf der Ebene der Medialität (I.) werden Multi- bzw. Symmedialität (1.), Multimodalität bzw. (Syn)Ästhetik (2.), Kommunikation, Interaktivität und Konnektivität (3.) und Technologie (4.) fokussiert. Auf der Ebene der Semiotik (II.) stehen die Teildimensionen Semantik (5.), ästhetische Aufmerksamkeit (6.), Idiolekt (7.) und Wissen (8.) im Fokus. Auf der Ebene der Ethik (III.) werden spezifische Anforderungen digitaler Texte in Bezug auf die Intentionalität (9.), den Wert- und Orientierungsrahmen (10.), den Wahrheitsgehalt (11.) und den potenziellen KI-Ursprung (12.) reflektiert. Fördermöglichkeiten dieser 12 Teildimensionen werden in den einzelnen Teilkapiteln skizziert, Ansatzpunkte empirischer Erforschung rücken im Ausblick in den Fokus.
Abhängigkeiten postdigitaler Souveränität: Schwundbegriffe individueller und kollektiver Handlungsmacht in transformierten Mythen
Authors: Packard Stephan
Published: November 2024

Was können Begriffe einer digitalen Souveränität zur politischen Debatte und individuellen Orientierung in digitalisierten Umgebungen beitragen? Der Beitrag zeichnet im Souveränitätsdenken seit Hobbes den defensiven und apotropäischen Charakter des souveränen Leviathans nach und unterstreicht zwei Transformationen, die sein Bild bei der Übersetzung in das digitale 21. Jahrhundert erfährt: Eine Umkehrung der vorzeitlichen in eine rezente Chronologie und eine Erweiterung des Verhältnisses zwischen Regierung und Individuum um korporative Intermediäre. Beide sind für die Abschätzung der rhetorischen Implikationen des Souveränitätsdiskurses wesentlich. Für ein postdigitales Verständnis von Souveränität, die ihre Nachträglichkeit als konzeptionelle kritische Negativität begreift, kann die Adaption der frühneuzeitlichen Mythologisierung womöglich nützlich sein.
Sind Spitzensportler:innen die besseren Führungskräfte?
Authors: Haack Leonie
Published: November 2024

Against the backdrop of demographic change and the resulting shortage of qualified young talent, the question of what makes a good manager is pervasive. What skills do top performers need? The author focuses on the group of top athletes and asks whether the skills acquired during an athlete's career are useful for the tasks and challenges of a manager. A qualitative analysis examines the extent to which companies can benefit from athletes' key competencies and shows how athletes and companies can use each other's strengths to successfully manage change in the labour market.
Drogenkonsum und Queer-Sein aus Sicht des Hilfesystems
Authors: Schneider Tim
Published: November 2024

Tim Schneider analyses the professional treatment of drug-using queer people in the support system in the Nuremberg region. The experience of queer hostility and specific other problems can lead those affected to self-medicate as a coping strategy. Based on interviews with social workers and a doctor, he analyses how attitudes, perceptions and actions are shaped and states that non-moralising, appreciative approaches dominate, but that specific contact points for LGBTIQ* people who use drugs are lacking. The author provides valuable insights for social work research and practice as well as for the further development of support services.
Die Kronzeugenantragstellung bei Kartellen mit multi-jurisdiktionalen Auswirkungen
Authors: Triantafyllou Argyro
Published: November 2024

The use of leniency programmes appears to be less attractive in case of cartels with multi-jurisdictional effects. This book demonstrates that a cartelist who manages to be the first to submit a leniency application in one jurisdiction has no legal certainty of not being subject to sanctions in other jurisdictions. The measures undertaken so far by legislators to harmonize existing leniency programmes have not provided an adequate solution yet. In order to eliminate the prevailing problems in cases in which multiple leniency applications are required the author suggests alternative leniency models at EU and global level from which both potential leniency applicants and competition authorities may benefit.
Religiöse Pluralisierung im öffentlichen Raum
Authors: Nützel Gerdi
Published: November 2024

For the first time, the historical development of the current religious plurality in Berlin and Brandenburg is presented here. The aspects that have been decisive for the establishment of religion-specific and divided sacred spaces in five phases over the past 300 years are illustrated in words and pictures. The types of sacred buildings of different religions and different paradigms of the sharing of space between cultures and religions are discussed first. Then, based on these historical insights, perspectives are developed for sacred architecture, urban and regional geografic planning and the role for religion in public space. The author, who is herself involved in interreligious work, both practically and academically, proposes seven transformational impulses for a sharing of space between religions in the form of interreligious conviviality.
Pumped Storage
Authors: El Mansour Jamal
Published: November 2024

Pumped storage systems (PSS) is the largest worldwide battery system to store excess energy and manage the balance between electricity consumption and production. Using the Francis turbine as a turbine or pump makes the development of PSS feasible and economically accepted. Pumped storage is classified as low-, medium-, and high-head power plants. It needs two separate vertical reservoirs. In the case of using the sea as a lower reservoir, we reduce the construction cost and improve the system viability by an illimited reservoir. The coastline line areas are suitable for implementing these systems with very interesting altitudes (up to 400 m). The erosion due to the seawater depends on velocity distribution in the blade-to-blade section from the hub to the shroud section. For the pump, the erosion rate is as high as the trailing edge where the absolute velocity is high.
Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure
Authors: Sahin Ebru , Oto Ali
Published: November 2024

Common risk factors, neurohormonal hyperactivation, development of fibrosis, and pathophysiological pathways such as electrophysiological remodeling result in frequent coexistence of atrial fibrillation and heart failure. Their coexistence results in an increase in mortality and morbidity compared to their isolated course. As the severity of the diseases increases, their potential to trigger and worsen each other also increases. Recent studies have introduced both pharmacologic and invasive treatment strategies to facilitate the management of these two comorbid conditions, resulting in a reduction in the clinical course, morbidity, and mortality. Slowing or reducing atrial and ventricular remodeling, modification of modifiable risk factors, prevention of stroke, restoration of early atrial fibrillation to physiologic sinus rhythm, and tight rate and rhythm control are important steps in improving the course of these two conditions. Compared to previous years, new pharmacotherapies in heart failure have come to the fore in terms of improving prognosis. Similarly, in the management of atrial fibrillation, catheter ablation techniques are becoming increasingly prominent in rhythm control. The aim of this chapter is to explain the pathophysiology underlying these two comorbid conditions according to the current literature and to review the current treatment modalities according to the latest guidelines.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Raika Kıran Tugba
Published: November 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a long-term and worsening lung condition that results in irreversible damage to the airways and lung tissue, causing difficulty in breathing. The development of COPD is contributed to by cellular senescence, inflammation, protease-antiprotease imbalance, epigenetic changes, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and cell death. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and cellular protein homeostasis are critical processes for maintaining the healthy function of cells. In response to ER stress, cells initiate a protective process called the unfolded protein response (UPR). Endoplasmic reticulum stress and UPR activation in the airways can be triggered by cigarette smoke, air pollution, bacteria, viruses, or other pathogenic microorganisms. In chronic diseases like COPD, persistent inflammation and oxidative stress can increase ER stress. This can cause continuous activation of UPR mechanisms, which can impair cell function. Chronic ER stress and insufficient protein homeostasis can lead to apoptosis and harm to lung tissue. The disruption of these vital processes, which are crucial for maintaining healthy cell functions, is a key factor in the development of chronic conditions such as COPD. Regulation of ER stress and maintaining protein balance may be a potential target for managing these diseases.
Online Respiratory Rehabilitation in Patients with COPD
Authors: Irina Barata Paula , Daniela Mot Maria
Published: November 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common preventable and treatable disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation caused by airway or alveolar abnormalities. With the advent of the pandemic, online respiratory rehabilitation for patients with COPD has become a major point of interest for both patients and doctors. Pulmonary rehabilitation is an integrative approach to achieve quality, accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and patient participation. Studies confirm that remotely supported RP with various telemedicine devices is not inferior to traditional RP. Most PR interventions could be delivered in primary care by adopting telemedicine solutions (e.g., via smartphone) and chronic care model to improve timely access, enrollment and engagement for COPD patients.
Innovations in Drug Delivery Strategies for Breast Cancer
Authors: Sharma Mani , Satya Sri Kotipalli Rama , Siva Kumar Nemala , Kumar Abhiram , Rawat Mohini , Dhiman Chhavi , Kumar Madhaw
Published: November 2024

This chapter provides a detailed overview of innovative drug delivery strategies in breast cancer therapeutics, emphasizing emerging and futuristic approaches. Current modalities, including conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and hormone treatments, are critically assessed regarding their mechanisms and clinical efficacy. The chapter highlights advancements in drug delivery systems, such as nanotechnology-based formulations, liposomal carriers, and implantable devices, which enhance therapeutic effectiveness and minimize systemic toxicity. Futuristic strategies, particularly precision medicine, are explored for their potential to tailor treatments based on genomic and molecular profiling, thereby optimizing therapeutic responses and reducing adverse effects. The role of nanotechnology in achieving targeted delivery of therapeutics to cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues is examined. Additionally, gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR, are discussed for their ability to selectively modulate cancer-related genes, promising precise and lasting therapeutic effects. The chapter also covers immunotherapeutic innovations, including CAR T-cell therapy and cancer vaccines, which leverage the immune system’s capacity to target and eliminate cancer cells. In summary, this chapter elucidates the transformative potential of novel drug delivery strategies in breast cancer, highlighting the integration of advanced technologies to foster effective, personalized treatment paradigms.
Superconductor Magnets
Authors: Anagaw Habtamu , Mebratie Gedefaw
Published: November 2024

Superconductors are materials that conduct electricity without any resistance, offering a world of potential applications. At extremely low temperatures, their electrical resistance becomes zero. This property enables them to carry massive currents, making them ideal for technologies like maglev trains, improved power grids, medical devices, and particle accelerators. While superconducting technology has advanced significantly, MRI and NMR are currently the main commercial applications. High-temperature superconductors (HTS) with transition temperatures in excess of 100 K have renewed interest in using superconductivity in power technology. While low-temperature superconductors (LTS) were previously explored, they did not lead to commercial products. This book reviews past and present activities in power generation, transmission, and distribution using HTS. Many groups are working on superconducting generators, motors, and cables, which could lead to significant growth in superconductor applications. However, technological and economic challenges with HTS materials must be overcome. The review chapter covers the properties of HTS, cooling systems, and applications in devices like rotating machines, transformers, and maglev trains. It also provides examples of device designs for practical use.
The Contribution of Underwater Systems for the Study of the Emerged Volcanoes and Seamounts of Southern Italy
Authors: Sgroi Tiziana , Favali Paolo
Published: November 2024

This chapter examines the signals collected by multidisciplinary seafloor observatories and subsea instruments in Southern Tyrrhenian region. It provides an overview of the systems, emphasizing the key characteristics of the sensors. Various types of signals (such as seismological, magnetic, deformation, and oceanographic data), detected underwater and related to onshore and offshore volcanic structures, are analysed and compared, where possible, with data from land-based stations. The focus is on several case studies from Southern Italy, a region of high geological activity, and tectonic and volcanic features. This area includes two of the world’s most active volcanoes, Mt. Etna and Stromboli, as well as the Marsili Seamount, the largest volcanic seamount in the Tyrrhenian Sea bathyal plain. Although extensive research has been conducted on Mt. Etna and Stromboli, the functioning of their deepest and submerged parts, as well as the nature and evolution of their activity, remains incomplete. This is also particularly true for volcanic seamounts like Marsili. Seafloor instrumentation, including Ocean Bottom Seismometers and Hydrophones (OBSHs), and multiparametric seafloor observatories play a crucial role in monitoring volcanic activity contributing significantly to understanding of volcanic behaviour and its temporal evolution. Additionally, swath bathymetry data aid in visualizing tectonic and volcanic structures.
Host Manipulation by Parasites
Authors: Idan Al-Musaedi Ali
Published: November 2024

When considering parasitic infections, our first thoughts often concern symptoms, prevention, and treatment. However, understanding how parasites spread from one host to another is a central topic in parasitology. Grasping these categories is crucial for applied fields like epidemiology and medicine and addressing fundamental biological questions. One key concept in this area is the host manipulation hypothesis. In this research, I explain what parasitic manipulation entails and highlight the key aspects of the hypothesis: first, the distinction between adaptive and nonadaptive manipulation; second, the dimensions of phenotypic alterations in the host and the mechanisms behind these alterations; and finally, the evolutionary and ecological implications of parasitic manipulation.
Perspective Chapter: Radiology in Swallowing Problems
Authors: Hyland Liam D.
Published: November 2024

This chapter focuses on the radiological investigations performed in patients with swallowing problems. It outlines the different imaging modalities used when assessing patients with dysphagia to include ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, dynamic studies and X-ray, and highlights some of the key structural pathologies seen on different scans. It explores the different applications, techniques, clinical implications, advantages and limitations of these modalities, whilst considering the fact that that imaging itself comes secondary to the clinical evaluation of patients by means of a thorough history and examination. This chapter not only outlines the benefits of radiology in diagnosing conditions that affect the function of swallowing; it also explains how radiology can provide guidance and work up for surgical procedures and allow monitoring of conditions following surgical procedures to help improve swallowing.
Towards Organic Electronics: Enhanced PEDOT:PSS Electrode Conductivity
Authors: DiFilippo Aaron , Chakraborty Amrita , Orlowski Marius K.
Published: November 2024

This chapter focuses on enhancing the electrical conductivity of Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polystyrene Sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS:PSS) films for flexible substrate-based organic electronics. Techniques such as acid treatments, doping with noble and non-noble metal nanoparticles (Cu and Ag), multiple layer depositions, and the incorporation of mono/multiatomic layer graphene are systematically investigated. The optimized process prioritizes PEDOT:PSS multilayer depositions and nitric acid treatment, proving more effective and cost-efficient compared to alternatives using metal nanoparticles and graphene. When exposed to nitric acid, the optimized multilayer PEDOT:PSS:PSS stack decreases sheet resistance to 7.66 Ω/sq. from over 1 MΩ/sq., which results in an extraordinary conductivity of 15,701 S/cm, as opposed to 0.17 S/cm for single PEDOT:PSS layer films. The research details adhesion techniques using oxygen plasma treatment and patterning methods involving Ag sacrificial layers. The enhanced electrical conductivity achieved through multiple PEDOT:PSS: PSS depositions does not result in a significant increase in thickness, allowing for the attainment of very high electrical conductivity values. The study also addresses film aging and strategies to mitigate reliability effects induced by ambient conditions. These findings offer significant advancements in the fabrication of organic conductive electrodes, providing engineering flexibility for various applications and ensuring long-term reliability and performance of the films.
Developing a New, Effective Approach to Safeguarding Cultural Heritage Following the Normalization of Relations between Belgrade and Pristina
Authors: Radović Vesela
Published: November 2024

We have seen firsthand how Kosovo and Metohija’s cultural heritage has been deliberately targeted in the twenty-first century. The administration of the world heritage sites was significantly impacted by Kosovo’s unilateral declaration of independence. Five cultural landmarks and locations from the Republic of Serbia are included as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. A set of sites in Kosovo is known as the Serbian Medieval sites are listed as endangered on the World Heritage List. The international community is aware of Serbia’s challenges in effectively managing them. The author focuses on the continuous hazards that are brought about by indications that Kosovo and Serbia do not have a common heritage management policy. The recommendations that follow from the results serve as a starting point for more investigation. The principal suggestion is that Serbian authorities should collaborate with “Kosovo institutions” in the risk management process in its entirety, develop fresh ideas for heritage management, and set up a mutually agreeable legal framework. Normalization of relations in future could unlock many opportunities and one especially important for this article, region and word is preserving rich cultural heritage for future generations.
The Role of NK Cell, HLA, and Peptide Interaction in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Cardozo Daniela , Eliete Laguila Visentainer Jeane , De Souza Carmino
Published: November 2024

NK cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes, representing about 5–15% of circulating mononuclear lymphocytes, and are defined as CD3-CD56 + NKp46+. They play crucial roles in host defense by recognizing and eliminating virus-infected and tumor cells without prior sensitization. The function of NK cells is regulated by a repertoire of receptors that issue activating or inhibitory intracellular signals. The ligands for these receptors can be diverse. Recent studies show that interactions between NK cell receptors and their ligands can depend on the peptide presented by HLA at the time. This chapter explores key findings in the literature regarding the interaction between NK cell receptors, HLA, and peptides and aims to understand the immunological mechanisms involved in these interactions and how these interactions might impact hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Preparation of Biomass Carbon Materials and Their Several Typical Applications
Authors: Wu Zhaofeng , Sun Jun , Hu Ping , Wang Weijin
Published: November 2024

In this chapter, “Preparation of Biomass Carbon Materials and Their Several Typical Applications,” we delve into the realm of transforming biomass waste into valuable carbon materials. The scope encompasses a comprehensive overview of various biomass sources, highlighting their abundance and renewability as precursors. We explore diverse preparation methods, ranging from traditional pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization to more advanced techniques like chemical activation and templating that convert these wastes into high-performance carbon materials. Furthermore, the chapter showcases several typical applications of these biomass-derived carbon materials, emphasizing their potential in energy storage, catalysis, environmental remediation, and even as advanced materials in electronics and sensors. The discussion also touches upon the critical aspect of structure–activity relationships, elucidating how the physicochemical properties of the carbon materials govern their functional performance in different applications. Overall, this chapter aims to provide a holistic understanding of the transformation of biomass waste into valuable carbon materials and their diverse utilization paths, fostering sustainable development and circular economy practices.
Progress in Heat-Localized Solar Evaporation for Sustainable Desalination
Authors: Luo Xiao , Gu Xiaokun
Published: November 2024

In recent years, the localized solar thermal evaporation technology for solar seawater desalination systems has gained widespread attention, primarily due to its ability to achieve over 80% evaporation efficiency under a single sun intensity. As research progresses, solar seawater desalination systems based on this technology have continually made breakthroughs in freshwater production. This chapter introduces the application of interfacial evaporation technology in solar seawater desalination systems, including the development and improvement of interfacial evaporation solar stills. First, the theoretical analysis methods and mathematical models of interfacial evaporation solar stills are discussed. Secondly, based on the interfacial evaporation structure, the performance optimization methods of solar stills are explored. Finally, the application of multistage waste heat recovery technology in interfacial evaporation solar stills is discussed. This chapter provides a broader scope for the application of localized solar evaporation in seawater desalination systems.