bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Kurikuklum Merdeka Belajar di Era Society 5.0
Authors: Maulidya Wahyu Sekti , Indriani Nina
Published: April 2024

The Society 5.0 era is marked by rapid technological progress, which demands changes in various aspectsof life, including education. The Independent Learning Curriculum is a new policy launched by the Ministry ofEducation, Culture, Research and Technology (Kemendikbudristek) as an effort to answer these challenges. Thiscurriculum provides freedom for educators and students to develop their potential optimally. It is equally known thatthe curriculum is the "soul" of education. The curriculum should be evaluated dynamically and periodically,especially in response to current developments in science and technology. The curriculum is also designed takinginto account the competencies needed by society and graduates. The independent learning curriculum is one of thenew policies of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia(Kemendikbud Ristek RI) which aims to create an innovative learning process that meets the needs of students(student center). The Society 5.0 era occurred in the 21st century, which is the heyday of the digital world. The 21stcentury learning model also requires students to master critical thinking, communication, collaboration andcreativity skills. This research uses document analysis methods. The results of this research explain the developmentof an independent learning curriculum in the era of society 5.0.Keywords: Kurikulum Merdeka, Merdeka Belajar, Era Society 5.0
Tef (Eragrostis Tef [Zucc.] Trotter) Bitkisinin Hayvan Beslemede Kullanımı
Authors: Yıldız Serhat
Published: April 2024

Artan nüfusa bağlı olarak gıda üretimine olan talep giderek artmaktadır. Bu talepleri karşılamak için daha fazla bitkisel ve hayvansal ürün üretilmesi gerekmektedir. Kaliteli hayvansal ürün üretiminde ihtiyaç duyulan yem temininde, geleneksel yemler yanında alternatif yem bitkilerinin de üretime katılması gerekmektedir. Kaliteli yem bitkileri içerisinde yer alabilecek ve çok yönlü kullanım alanlarına sahip bitkilerden biri de Tef (Eragrostis Tef [Zucc.] Trotter) bitkisidir. Tef, Etiyopya'ya özgü, kurak koşullara iyi adapte olmuş, sıcak mevsimde yetişebilen, tek yıllık bir buğdaygil bitkisidir. Son yıllarda dünyada hem insan, hem de hayvan beslenmesinde kullanım alanı bulunan bu bitki, sağlıklı yaşam için alternatif özelliklere sahiptir. Tarla tarımında münavebe bitkisi olarak ve yeşil gübre olarak değerlendirilebileceği gibi, yüksek kaliteye sahip yem bitkileriyle rekabet edebilecek verim potansiyeli ile üstün bitkisel özellikleri de bulunmaktadır. Tef bitkisi hayvan besleme açısından dikkatleri üzerine çeken, yeşil ve kuru ot, silaj, danesi ve mera bitkisi olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde ve bölgemizde üreticiler tarafından henüz yaygın bir şekilde tarımı yapılmayan, önemli bir tarımsal bitki olan, insan ve hayvan beslenmesinde geleceğin bitkisi olarak dikkat çeken Tefin, hayvanların beslenmesinde alternatif bir yem kaynağı olma potansiyeli ele alınmıştır.
Evaluación de la formulación del proceso de enfermería en estudiantes de segundo año de una institución universitaria estatal
Authors: Mangano María Alejandra , Mercado Sara Leonor
Published: April 2024

Introducción: El Proceso de Enfermería es una herramienta fundamental para el ejercicio de la profesión y su correcta aplicación requiere de habilidades cognitivas, técnicas y comunicativas, por lo que su enseñanza y aprendizaje presenta cierta complejidad. Objetivos: describir el desempeño en la realización de trabajos sobre el PE en estudiantes de segundo año de la carrera de enfermería de una institución de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Metodología: Estudio documental descriptivo, transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo. Se analizaron 160 trabajos, según variables que describen la valoración realizada, el diagnóstico construido y los cuidados formulados en el diseño de procesos de enfermería. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva simple. Resultados: Se identificó que los estudiantes presentan mayor dificultad en las etapas de formulación de Diagnósticos reales y potenciales, 63,75% y 56,25% respectivamente y en la de identificación de factores de riesgo 63,75%. A su vez se visualizan falencias al momento de priorizar necesidades alteradas 55,63% y se planifican actividades de cuidados que no presentan una secuencia lógica de acuerdo con las necesidades que se plasman en el caso clínico 57,50%. Conclusiones: Se presentan dificultades que deben ser resueltas, por lo que se propone una intervención pedagógica basada en el aprendizaje activo, el trabajo colaborativo y la retroalimentación formativa. Se sugiere realizar talleres teórico-prácticos con casos clínicos y evaluación entre pares. Esta propuesta podría extenderse a otras poblaciones.
Anemia among pregnant women first and second trimester increases risk for low birth weight babies in Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar
Authors: Labir I Ketut , Widarsa I Ketut Tangking , Suwiyoga Ketut
Published: April 2024

Low birth weight is one of the major contributors to infant mortality rate (IMR). One of the dominant risk factors for the low birth weight is anemia. This study aimed to investigate the effect of anemia in pregnant women at first and second trimester to the incidence of low birth weight at Wangaya Hospital Denpasar. This study is a retrospective cohort design. The total samples were 150 respondents; 50 pregnant women with anemia in the first trimester, 50 pregnant women with anemia in the second trimester and 50 pregnant women without anemia. Samples were taken from medical records at Wangaya Hospital Denpasar using simple random sampling method. Data were collected by documentation study and data analysis was done using logistic regression. The results showed that pregnant women with anemia in the first trimester were having a risk of 10 times to give low birth weight compared to pregnant women who are not anemia [RR=10.29; 95%CI: 2.21-47.90], whereas pregnant women with anemia in the second trimester were at risk 16 times greater of having a low birth weight baby compared to pregnant women who are not anemia [RR=16; 95%CI: 3.49-73.41]. There was no difference in the incidence of low birth weight among anemia first and second trimester [p=0.297]. We can conluded that anemia among pregnant women in the first and second trimester increased the risk of low birth weight. The results of this study can be used by policy makers to planning prevention strategies to reduce the incidence of low birth weight babies including intensify the antenatal care program for pregnant women.
Ledakan pertumbuhan penduduk di Provinsi Bali dan solusinya
Authors: Wirawan Dewa Nyoman
Published: April 2024

Diperlukan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan TFR dan pola pemakaian kontrasepsi pada penduduk migran dan penduduk lokal sehingga program dan jenis pelayanan bisa dikhususkan pada masing-masing kelompok tersebut. Misalnya, bila penduduk migran lebih memilih implan (KB Susuk), maka perlu disediakan pelayanan kontrasepsi jenis ini di daerah-daerah pemukiman mereka.
Relationship between Demographic Characteristics, Knowledge and Attitude of Fertile Aged Women in Seeking Pap Smear Services at Sukawati II Community Health Centre, Gianyar Regency
Authors: Martini  , Wulandari Luh Putu Lila , Karmaya I Nyoman Mangku
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Pap smear coverage in 2011 at Sukawati II Health Centre was only 0.39% (17 people) which is well below the district target of 85%. This is in fact a decrease from 2009 (1.12%/49 people) and 2010 (0.73%/32 people). This study was aimed to examine the relationship between demographics, knowledge, and attitudes of reproductive aged women, including sexual behavior and pap smear seeking behavior.

Methods: Research used a cross-sectional survey among 50 reproductive aged women from Sukawati II Health Center, not pregnant and literate. Data was collected through structured questionnaire interview and secondary data from healthcare center records. Data were analysed using univariate, bivariate (chi-squared test) and multivariate analysis (logistic regression).

Results: Bivariate analysis indicated that education (p=0.006), financial status (p=0.024), knowledge (p=0.006) and attitude (p=0.001) were significantly associated with pap smear practices. The multivariate analysis showed that onlythe attitude ofwomen that related toactionswith apap smearwith OR=12 (95%CI: 2.31-62.46).

Conclusion: The attitude of reproductive aged women is associated to pap smear practices in Sukawati II Health Centre, Gianyar Regency.
Risk Factors of Moderate and Severe Malnutrition in Under Five Children at East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Ariesthi Kadek Dwi , Adhi Kadek Tresna , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: East Nusa Tenggara is the province with the prevalence of moderate and severe malnutrition second highest in Indonesia, amounting to 29.4%. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors of moderate and severe malnutrition among under five children at East Nusa Tenggara.
Methods: A case control study was carried out at North Kodi Subdistrict, Southwest Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara, consisted of 38 moderate and severe malnutrition under five children as cases and 76 healthy under five children as controls. Independent variables were maternal and child factors, feeding and health care practises and sanitation. Data were collected by conducting interviews and analysed using Stata SE 12.1. Bivariate analysis was done to calculate crude odd ratio and logistic regression was done to calculate adjusted odd ratio.
Results: Bivariate analysis showed that family income, frequency of illness, mother’s knowledge, frequency of visiting health care centres, number of children , and quality of drinking water supply were risk factors of moderate and severe malnutrition among under five children. Multivariate analysis showed that significant risk factors were frequency of illness (adjusted OR=35,4; 95%CI:4,8–256,8), family income (adjusted OR=14.8; 95%CI: 2.1-100.9), mother’s knowledge (adjusted OR=9.8; 95%CI: 1.4-66.1), frequency of visiting posyandu (adjusted OR=9.0; 95%CI: 1.6-50.7) and source of drinking water (adjusted OR=7.1; 95%CI: 1.1-45.5).
Conclusion: Frequency of illness, family income, mother’s knowledge, frequency of visiting posyandu and source of drinking water were predominate risk factors of moderate and severe malnutrition at North Kodi Sub-district, Southwest Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara.
Risk of in House Cigarette Smoke Exposure to the Premature Birth in Denpasar City
Authors: Noriani Ni Ketut , Putra I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka , Karmaya I Nyoman Mangku
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Indonesia is ranked fifth in the world in term of premature birth prevalence, which is estimated 10-20%. This study aimed to find out risk of in house cigarette smoke exposure to premature birth in Denpasar.
Methods: This study is a case control. Case is a mother experienced premature delivery, while the control is mothers who been registered in the same period with mature delivery. Samples either case or control were selected using systematic random sampling, which preceded by listing premature and mature birth in each puskesmas in 2013. Data analysed bivariate and multivariate using chi-square test and logistic regression.
Results: Bivariate analysis showed no significant different of characteristic (age, education, occupation and parity status) between case and control group. However, significant different of ANC behavior and average of arm circumference were found between case and control. Multivariate analysis showed that the adjusted OR of tobacco smoke exposure at home after being controlled by ANC and upper arm circumference was 3.647 (95%CI: 1.683-9.903).
Conclusion: In house cigarette smoke exposure increases significantly the risk of premature birth in Denpasar.
Hormonal Contraceptive Use and History of Sexually Transmitted Infection as Risk Factors of the Pre‑Cancerous Cervical Lesions
Authors: Parwati Ni Made , Putra I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka , Karmaya I Nyoman Mangku
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Screening for pre-cancerous cervical lesions is already being implemented in Bali. This study aims to determine hormonal contraceptives and STI history as risk factors of pre-cancerous cervical lesions.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted involving 76 women of childbearing age diagnosed with pre-cancerous cervical lesions who screened at two health centers in Denpasar Bali from January to March 2015. Control was 76 women of childbearing age with no pre-cancerous cervical lesions who screened at the same period. Consecutive sampling was used to select cases and controls. Data were collected through interview using questionnaires and analyzed using logistic regression to calculate adjusted odd ratio of each risk factor.
Results: Multivariate analysis indicated that the use of hormonal contraceptives over ≥5 or <5 years increase risk of pre-cancerous cervical lesions with OR=10,7 (95%CI: 1,04-108,17) and OR=3,0 (95%CI: 1,16-7,84) compared to those who were not using hormonal contraception. History of sexually transmitted infections also increases risk of pre-cancerous cervical lesions with OR=9,7 (95%CI: 3,83 24,18).
Conclusion: The use of hormonal contraceptives and history of sexual transmitted infections increased risks of pre-cancerous cervical lesions.
Negotiation and Determinants of Condom Use among Female Sex Workers in Denpasar
Authors: Megaputri Putu Sukma , Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Integrated Biological Behavior Survey (IBBS) in 2011 showed that use of condoms among clients of female sex workers (FSW) was low. This was likely associated with tha lack of negotiations by FSWs. This study aims to determine negotiation strategies and determinants of condom use among FSWs in Denpasar.
Methods: Cross-sectional survey was conducted among 100 brothel FSWs selected using cluster random sampling in some locations in Denpasar. Data was collected through interviews using questionnaires on: socio-demographic characteristics, internal and external factors, condom negotiations and condom use. Questionnaire about condom negotiation was a modification of Condom Influence Strategy Questionnaire (CISQ) developed by Noar. Bivariate analysis was conducted using chi square test and multivariate analysis by logistic regression.
Results: About 87% FSWs reported using condoms during the last sexual intercourse with their clients and 63% reported always used condom in the last week. About 37% of clients carried condoms when they visited FSWs and 58% of FSWs reported that they negotiated condom to their clients. Among 63% of clients who did not carry condoms, 92.1% of them eventually wear condoms after negotiated by FSWs. Negotiating strategy used by FSWs were direct request, conceptualizing relationships, risk information and deception. Significant factors associated with condom use were age of FSWs (AOR=4.1; 95%CI: 1.32-12.4), the availability of condoms (AOR=8.8; 95%CI: 2.8-27.7) and negotiations (AOR=3.9; 95%CI: 1.4-10.8).
Conclusion: Most frequent negotiation strategy used was direct request to their clients. Significant factors associated with condom use were age of FSWs, availability of condom and condom negotiation.
Family History, Stress, Less Physical Activity, Obesity and Excessive Salty Food Consumption as Risk Factors of Hypertension
Authors: Widyartha I Made Jaya , Putra I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka , Ani Luh Seri
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Hypertension was a significant public health problem. This study aims to determine risk factors of hypertension.
Methods: The study used a case-control design, involving 77 cases and 77 controls aged 18-65 years old, who were selected consecutively. Cases and controls were matched on age and sex. Cases were defined as patients who were diagnosed with hypertension by clinician at the primary health center (PHC), and controls were patients at PHC who were not diagnosed as hypertension. Data were collected through interview regarding sosiodemographic status and risk factors of hipertension. Direct measurement was performed for weight, height and abdominal circumference. Multivariate analysis was conducted using logistic regression.
Results: Cases and controls were comparable in term of sex, age and education level. Variables that associated with hypertension were family history (AOR=9.20; 95%CI: 3.47-24.41), moderate stress (AOR=13.01; 95%CI: 3.70-45.79), severe stress (AOR=16,75; 95%CI: 3,32-84,38), less physical activity (AOR=3.53 (95%CI: 1.38-9.01), obesity (AOR=5.72; 95%CI: 2.09-15.68) and excessive salty food consumption (AOR=3.08; 95%CI: 1.17-8.09). Eating fatty foods may also indirectly cause hypertension. Income, mild stress, smoking habits, being passive smokers, coffee consumption habits, frequency of fruits and vegetables consumption were not found to be risk factors.
Conclusion: Family history, moderate and severe stress, less physical activity, obesity and excessive salty food consumption were risk factors of hypertension.
Delayed access to treatment and frequency of acute respiratory infection as risk factors of severe pneumonia among children aged 12-59 months in Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Abadi Dewa Ayu Ketut Sri , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman , Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung , Windiani I Gusti Ayu Trisna
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Period prevalence of pneumonia among children in Indonesia increased from 2.1 in 2007 to 2.7 per 1000 children in 2013. The highest incidence was found among children aged 12-23 months. This study aims to examine association between delayed access to health care facilities and severity of children pneumonia.
Methods: A case control study was conducted in Denpasar City. A total of 132 children were recruited to participate in this study, consisted of 44 cases and 88 controls. Cases were selected from 161 children with severe pneumonia who registered at Pulmonology Department of Sanglah General Hospital between January 2015 and April 2016. Controls were selected from 261 children aged 12-59 months with mild pneumonia who visited out-patient service at all community health centres in Denpasar City between January 2015 and April 2016. Cases and controls were matched by sex. Data were collected by interview with the parents in their houses. Data were analysed using multivariate analysis with logistic regression.
Results: Risk factors associated to severity of pneumonia among children aged 12-59 months were delayed access to treatment for more than three days (AOR=2.15;95%CI: 1.39-3.32), non-health care facilities at first episode of illness (AOR=4.02; 95%CI: 1.53-10.61) and frequent episodes of respiratory infections (>4 times) over the last 6 months (AOR=5.45; 95%CI: 2.13-13.96).
Conclusion: Delayed access to treatment, did not access healthcare facilities at first episode of illness, and high frequency of acute respiratory infections are risk factors of severe pneumonia among children.
Sexual behaviours and sexual networks of men who have sex with men in Bali
Authors: Karang Ni Luh Dea Kumala Sari , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman , Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Bali Province is increasing. This increased transmission is due to their sexual networks and behaviours. This study aims to examine sexual behaviours and sexual networks among MSM population in Bali Province.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Denpasar City and Badung District. A total of 130 MSM were recruited from Denpasar II Public Health Centre and Bali Medica Clinic – Badung District. Data were collected through interviews among MSM who visited both providers for STIs services from August to October 2015. Variables of this study included sociodemographic, sexual network (pattern and density), sexual activities in the last month, sexual role, condom/lubricant use, and history of previous STIs. Data were descriptively analysed.
Results: As many as 53.1% respondents were aged <25 years, 90.8% were senior high school or higher degree graduates, 6.2% were married, 91.5% were employed, and 59.2% were having a regular partner. In the last month, as many as 70.8% respondents reported to have sex with first sexual partner, 52.3% with second sexual partners, and 45.6% with third sexual partners. Younger respondents tended to seek for younger sexual partners. The majority of respondents had had insertive sex, as many as 40.0% with their first partner, 44.6% with their second partner, and 43.2% with their third partner. About 20% of respondents were having high density sexual network and 71.5% of respondents were having concurrent sexual partnership. The consistent condom use within six months was 67.6% with the first partner, 72.8% with the second and the third partners. As many as 23% of respondents were diagnosed to have STIs.
Conclusion: MSM population in Bali Province seem to have high risk sexual behaviours with great sexual network density, high concurrent sexual partnership, and selective mixing between older and younger MSM population.
Enabling and Barriers of Implantable Contraceptive Use at Health Centre I North Denpasar
Authors: Gustikawati Nida , Wulandari Luh Putu Lila , Duarsa Dyah Pradnyaparamita
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: The objective of this study was to explore the supporting and the inhibiting factors influencing the use of implant contraceptive use by women of childbearing age.  

Methods: The study was qualitative using a phenomenological approach. Data collection involved a purposively selected sample, conducting two FGD (10 implant users and 10 non-users) and 11 in-depth interviews among private midwives, government midwives, husbands, in-laws, and family planning staff.

Results: FGD found that perceptions and attitudes towards implants of those already using the contraceptive were positive, while the perceptions and attitudes of non-users were less so. Some respondents intimated that they experienced side effects though these were not a deterring factor in usage. Enabling factors for the use of implant contraceptives were the availability and accessibility to the healthcare facilities and the support of their husbands. Access to facilities and infrastructure were not inhibiting factors either for the users or the non-users. Findings from in-depth interviews indicated that inhibiting factors included were the desire to have more children and the lack of promotion of the implant contraceptives. Healthcare provider informants stated that the lack of training was an inhibiting factor.

Conclusion: Enabling factors for the use of implant contraceptives were the availability and accessibility to the healthcare facilities and the support of their husbands. Inhibiting factors were the desire to have more children, the lack of proper training for the health workers, as well as the lack of promotion of the implant contraceptive in the community
Incidence of dengue fever, climate and vector density in Denpasar
Authors: Rubianti Irma , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman , Sawitri2 Anak Agung Sagung
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Until 2009, Denpasar consistently had the highest rates of dengue fever in Bali. However, from 2010 onwards, dengue rates in Denpasar have declined and in 2017 ranked 7th for incidences of dengue fever in Bali. This study aims to determine the trend and the difference of dengue fever incidence rates, vector density and climate for the period 2007-2017.
Methods: This study employed a secondary analysis of dengue fever incidence rates, climate data and vector density from 2007 to 2017. Data on dengue fever incidence, vector density and the number of field workers (known as juru pemantau jentik or jumantik) were obtained from the Denpasar City Health Office. Climate data for 2007-2017 were obtained from the Bali Province Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysical Agency. The data were analyzed by comparing the dengue fever incidence rates, climate data, and vector-density data of the period 2007-2012 and 2013-2017.
Results: Incidences of dengue fever in Denpasar have declined since 2013. Climate-related variables found to differ significantly were air temperature, humidity, wind speed and sunlight duration. Air temperature (p=0.03) and wind speed (p<0.01) were significantly higher in 2013-2017 compared to the period of 2007-2012. Humidity and sunlight duration were significantly lower (p<0.01) in 2013-2107 compared to the period of 2007-2012. Rainfall was lower in 2013-2017 compared to the period of 2007-2012, however, the difference was not significant (p=0.57). The proportion of larva-free households was significantly higher (p<0.01) in 2013-2017 (96.9%) compared to the period of 2009-2012 (95.3%). The data of house index (HI), container index (CI) and Breteau index (BI) cannot be compared between these two periods because they are only available for 2013-2017.
Conclusion: There has been a decrease in the incidence of dengue fever in Denpasar from 2013-2017 compared to 2007-2012. This is likely to be related to the performance of jumantik in the implementation of vector control programme (VCP) in Denpasar.
Association between participation in a chronic disease management program, medication adherence and decrease of blood pressure
Authors: Cakera I Ketut Indra Wiguna , Nopiyani Ni Made Sri , Wirawan I Made Ady
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: The prevalence of hypertension is increasing globally. A comprehensive approach is necessary including a community based chronic disease management program which has been implemented in public health centres in Indonesia. Only few studies have been published in Indonesia that evaluate the program, especially regarding the management of hypertension in primary care settings. This study aims to examine the association between participation in a chronic disease management program,medication adherence and decrease of blood pressure.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in public health centres in Tabanan District. A total of 136 patients with hypertension were recruited at five groups that participate in the community based chronic disease management program called Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis). The prolanis groups were purposively selected based on the size of participants in the program. One group was selected at urban area and four groups at rural areas. Data were collected from May to June 2017 by conducting interviews, blood pressure measurements, and secondary data extraction from the medical record of the prolanis database. The logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between participation in a chronic disease management program, medication adherence and decrease of blood pressure.
Results: As many as 75.7% of respondents actively participated in the prolanis program, and 81.6% were found with decreased blood pressure. Our study found a significant association between blood pressure decrease and active participation in the prolanis program with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 6.38 (95%CI: 1.96–20.79), the good adherence towards medication with AOR=11.94 (95%CI: 3.60–39.56), and routine physical activities with AOR=3.84 (95%CI: 1.16-12.73).
Conclusion: Active participation in the prolanis program, good adherence to medication and routine physical activities are independent factors of decreased blood pressure. These findings suggest the need for scaling up the prolanis program and increasing its coverage.
Paul Feyerabend and Marxism
Authors: Guo Yuanlin , Yan Chubi
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the relationship between Paul Feyerabend and Marxism. Feyerabend mentioned, referenced, quoted, discussed or commented on the following Marxists, communists or leftists in his writings: Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin, MAO, Fidel Castro, Karl Kautsky, Eduard Bernstein, Rosa Luxemburg, Leon Trotsky, Bertolt Brecht, Hanns Eisler, Walter Hollitscher, Georg Lukacs, Ernst Bloch, Herbert Marcuse, Theodor Adorno, Jürgen Habermas, Joseph Needham, Jean-Paul Sartre, Walter Benjamin, Louis Althusser, Daniel Cohn-Benit and Robin Blackburn. On numerous occasions he discussed and commented on Dadaism, Marxism, communism, anarchism, liberalism, dialectical materialism, reductive materialism and, especially, eliminative materialism. He originated a Dadaistic philosophy, and in particular a Dadaistic epistemology. He did not convert to dialectical materialism; nevertheless, Dadaism seems highly relevant to Marxism and communism. As a Dadaist in philosophy he could well have been a Marxist, a non-Marxist, or an anti-Marxist.
Enhancing On-demand Transportation: Prioritizing Travel Costs with Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors:   LARODEC Laboratory, Business Higher School of Tunis, Manouba University, Tunisia, Nasri Sonia , Bouziri Hend ,   LARODEC Laboratory, Higher School of Economics and Business, Tunis University, Tunisia, Mtalaa Wassila Aggoune ,   Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
Published: April 2024

Objective: Enhancing sustainability in on-demand transportation is a challenging task by offering flexible and optimized mobility solutions. This study focuses on on-demand mobility systems. We introduce a novel evolutionary computing method designed to address a bi-objective customized on-demand transportation problem, aiming to minimize total travel cost and total waiting time. Methods: The method incorporates specific optimization techniques, along with an efficient dominance sorting approach, using an intelligent candidate list to reduce computational time. Results: Comparative results demonstrate the effectiveness of this hybrid computing method, particularly when prioritizing total travel cost from the service provider’s perspective. Conclusion: These findings present a promising framework for decision-makers, empowering them to navigate favorable compromises between conflicting objectives and make informed choices aligned with their preferences and customer-oriented constraints.
Conscientização e percepção de produtores rurais da região Tocantina do Maranhão acerca da raiva em herbívoros
Authors: Cruz Danny Hellen Guimarães , Teixeira Lilyan da Silva , Arruda Amanda Jansen , Caldas Iasmim Gabriele de Oliveira , Sousa Maria Luiza Pontes de , Sousa Mariana Cesar , Françoso Rafael
Published: April 2024

A raiva é uma zoonose grave causada por um vírus pertencente ao gênero Lyssavirus, capaz de afetar tanto animais quanto seres humanos, sendo considerada como uma condição de elevada importância, devido ao seu risco e impacto inestimável à saúde pública e economia. Assim, objetivou-se executar um levantamento sobre a compreensão dos produtores rurais da região Tocantina do Maranhão acerca da raiva em herbívoros, aplicando medidas de conscientização como ferramenta de prevenção, durante o período de julho a dezembro de 2023. A pesquisa conduzida contemplou 129 produtores, os quais identificaram sinais clínicos suspeitos da doença, crina embaraçada (47,3%), presença de sangue seco no pescoço (30,2%) e andar cambaleante (15,5%). A maioria dos entrevistados (53,5%) afirmou que notificaria as autoridades ao encontrar um animal suspeito, enquanto outros optariam por dar outro destino ao animal (24%) ou não escolheram nenhuma das opções (22,5%). Quanto ao tratamento, a maioria (63,6%) não acreditava na possibilidade de cura da raiva, mas ainda uma parcela considerável (36,4%) acreditava em sua existência. Esses resultados evidenciam uma compreensão limitada sobre a doença por parte de determinados produtores, mesmo que declarem possuir um conhecimento geral sobre a temática. Além disso, há uma carência de conhecimento acerca das medidas preventivas e do tratamento disponível, o que denota a gravidade da doença e a falta de consciência sobre as ações adequadas em situações de suspeita da raiva. Portanto, torna-se crucial implementar medidas de conscientização e educação sanitária direcionadas aos pecuaristas, com o propósito de reduzir tanto a incidência quanto a letalidade da raiva. Tal abordagem proativa é essencial para salvaguardar a saúde pública, mitigar prejuízos econômicos e preservar a saúde dos animais.
On Prognosis of Growth of Plants During Control by Lighting
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State University, 23 Gagarinavenue, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia, E.L. Pankratov  ,   2Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnical University, 97 Gagarinavenue, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
Published: April 2024

In this paper we introduce a model to estimate effi-ciency of control of growth of plants during control by lighting. Based on analysis of the model we analyzed dependence of growth of plants on several factors. We formulate recommendations to accelerate and decelerate of growth of plants. We also introduce an analytical approach for prognosis of the above growth.
Production Performance and Some Biochemical Traits of Layer Hens Fed on Date Palm Kernel Supplementation
Authors: Al-Zuhairi Zahira A. , Mhyson Afrah S. , Mohammed Basima J.
Published: April 2024

To enhance the well-being and productivity of poultry, researchers have conducted investigations into various botanical sources, including date palm kernel, and their bioactive components. The present investigation was conducted to assess the productive performance and certain biochemical characteristics of layer hens that were administered date palm kernel supplementation in their diet. To this end, 40 ISA Brown laying hens (48 weeks old) were used in the current study. The adaptation phase for the chickens lasted for 10 days before the initiation of the experiment. The study lasted 8 weeks. The chickens were then randomly assigned into two groups of 20, with 4 replications (5 chickens per replication). Chickens in the treatment group received 5% of dry matter ground date palm kernel (GDPK), as an additive to the basal diet, and the control group (CL) chickens were fed the basal diet. The eggs were collected daily during the study. At the end of weeks 1, 2, 4, and 6 of the study, egg production percentage, egg weight, and the feed conversion ratio were measured. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected to measure the serum levels of glucose, total protein, cholesterol, creatinine, and uric acid. The study findings revealed significant increases in the daily egg production percentage and egg weight during the experiment in the GDPK group, compared to the CL group. The feed conversion ratio recorded significant decreases in the GDPK group when compared to the CL group. Furthermore, the findings indicated significant increases in the serum total protein and significant decreases in the glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, and uric acid concentrations in the GDPK group, compared to the CL group. In conclusion, the results indicated the positive effects of adding ground date palm kernel to the diet of layers on production performance, such as egg weight, conversion ratio, and some biochemical traits, including total protein, glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, and uric acid.
Effects of Different Methods of Ovulation Induction on Sex Hormones in Serum, and Meat of Rabbit Does
Authors: Tverdokhlib Yuliya , Naumenko Svitlana , Koshevoy Vsevolod , Miroshnikova Olha , Syniahovska Kateryna , Kovalova Liudmyla , Hryshchuk Hennady
Published: April 2024

High indicators of reproductive function in rabbits can be achieved using hormonal inducers of ovulation, in particular analogs of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, serum, and chorionic gonadotropins. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of sex hormones in the blood serum and meat of rabbit does during ovulation stimulation over 5 consecutive pregnancies. For this purpose, 60 Hyla rabbit does were randomly divided into five groups of 12, ensuring four animals per group with three replicates. Animals of the first and second experimental groups, animals received intramuscular injections of serum gonadotropin, 40 IU and 25 IU respectively, three days prior to artificial insemination. Females of the third and fourth groups were administered combined doses of serum and chorionic gonadotropins (40 IU and 24 IU, respectively) during the same period. Rabbits of the control group were stimulated to ovulate by subcutaneous injection of 0.2 ml analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone after artificial insemination. Long-term administration of gonadotropins revealed dose-dependent effects. Hyperprogesteronemia was detected in rabbit does (40 IU), while hyperandrogenia was noted in females (24 IU) during the combined administration of gonadotropins. The use of serum gonadotropin at a dose of 25 IU contributed to an increase in the level of follicle-stimulating, luteinizing hormone and progesterone while decreasing 17β-estradiol. A high dose (40 IU) in rabbit does did not cause significant fluctuations of hormones in blood serum, but decreased luteinizing hormone and progesterone. Long-term use of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog was accompanied by a pronounced decrease in the level of luteinizing hormone, as well as 17β-estradiol. However, the meat of all experimental animals did not increase the content of steroid hormones (testosterone and 17β-estradiol). It can be concluded that ovulation stimulation in rabbit does using a serum gonadotropin dose of 25 IU and the recommended dose of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog does not negatively impact the hormonal balance.
Effects of Different Dosages and Methods of Saponin Preparation from Mucuna pruriens Leaves on In Vitro Feed Digestibility
Authors: Muhartatik Triana , Chuzaemi Siti , Natsir Muhammad Halim , . Marjuki
Published: April 2024

The Mucuna pruriens is commonly used in traditional medicine for anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, neuroprotector, antidiabetic, and anti-cancer purposes. The bioactive compounds, such as flavonoid, tannin, and saponin, could improve feed digestion efficiency in ruminants’ rumen. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of different dosages and the two methods of saponin preparation from Mucuna pruriens leaves on in vitro feed digestibility parameters. A randomized block design with nested arrangements (2×5×3) was used in this study. Two methods of obtaining saponins from Mucuna pruriens leaves, including meal (MPLM) and extract (MPLE) of Mucuna pruriens leaves, were compared. The nested treatments of the preparation methods were the dosages of the saponin as feed additives in feed samples, involving 0%, 0.025%, 0.050%, 0.075%, and 0.10%. There were 15 samples in each group (five-level dosage and three repetitions). The feed contained 40% forage and 60% concentrate. The obtained results indicated that saponin preparation from Mucuna pruriens leaves (MPLM and MPLE) significantly affected dry matter, organic matter, and crude fiber rumen degradability (r-DMD, r-OMD, r-CFD, respectively), as well as NH3, volatile fatty acid, propionate, butyrate concentrations, acetate-to-propionate (A/P) ratio, acetate, and propionate percentage. However, there was no significant impact on protozoa population, acetate concentration, butyrate percentage, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). The MPLM saponin revealed significantly higher values on digestibility parameters except for protozoa, A/P ratio, and acetate percentage. The MPLM saponin dosage of 0.05% showed the highest values for r-DMD (56.48%), r-OMD (56.51%), and r-CFD (54.64%), total Volatile fatty acid (77.71 mM), propionate (21.57 mM), propionate percentage (27.76%), IVDMD (65.95%), and IVOMD (65.86%), but lowest in A/P ratio (2.04). In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggest that the MPLM saponin at a dosage of 0.05% holds promising potential for enhancing the fermentation profile in ruminants. Keywords: In vitro, Mucuna pruriens, Nutrient digestibility, Rumen fermentation, Saponin
Robots selection for sine trigonometric (l1, l2, l3) neutrosophic sets using different aggregation operators
Authors:   Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai-602105, India, Aiyared Aiyared ,   Department of Mathematics, Little Flower College-680103, Guruvayoor, India,   Department of Mathematics, St. Joseph’s Institute of Technology, OMR, Chennai-600119, India,   Department of Mathematics, School of Science, University of Phayao, Mae Ka, Mueang, Phayao 56000, Thailand, Manavalan Lejo J. , Raman T. T. , Iampan Aiyared
Published: April 2024

This article discusses a new approach to multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) based on sine trigonometric (ST) (l1, l2, l3) neutrosophic sets (NS). We discuss the concept of ST (l1, l2, l3) neutrosophic weighted averaging (NWA), ST (l1, l2, l3) neutrosophic weighted geometric (NWG), ST (l1, l2, l3) generalized neutrosophic weighted averaging (GNWA) and ST (l1, l2, l3) generalized neutrosophic weighted geometric (GNWG). We presented during our discussion showed an algorithm that used these operators. Extensive Hamming distances are illustrated numerically. Also included in this communication are discussions of idempotency, boundness, commutativity, and monotonicity for ST (l1, l2, l3) neutrosophic sets. By using them, you can find the best option faster, easier, and more conveniently. As a result, ST (l1, l2, l3) and more precise conclusions are more closely related. A comparison is made between some current models and those proposed to demonstrate the dependability and utility of the current models. Furthermore, fascinating findings were revealed in the study.
The Impact of Age on Short-term Memory
Authors: Zhu Hou De
Published: April 2024

Short-term memory (STM) temporarily stores sensory events, movements, and cognitive information. Several studies have shown that STM can store previously encountered information as memory. Studies show that as age increases, the STM of the individual decreases; however, there is no precise age division for when the decay of STM occurs. In this study, a method of short-term visual memorization of a random sequence of numbers has been used to study the correlation between age and STM, and the age of decay of STM. The result of this study has shown a significant difference in the number of digits recalled between the age groups 1-12 and 65 and above and age groups 13-17 and 65 and above.Similarly, age groups 1-12 and 18-64 differed significantly. We conclude that the increase in age correlates negatively with short-term memory, where the STM and the ability to recall short items decrease as age increases. Potential genetic and physiological mechanisms of the negative correlation between age and STM are discussed.
Exploring the Improvement of Chinese Junior High School Students' English Capacities in Oral Speaking
Authors: Zhang Xinran
Published: April 2024

In today's globalized world, English language proficiency has gained significant importance. However, the emphasis on exam-oriented education in Chinese junior high schools has led to a neglect of students' comprehensive English communication skills, particularly oral speaking abilities. In this research paper, I investigate effective strategies and interventions to enhance English-speaking proficiency among Chinese junior high school students. Through synthesizing existing research, the study aims to identify successful approaches while highlighting gaps for future research. My literature review highlights the critical role of pronunciation in oral English learning. Despite its importance, English pronunciation is often neglected in Chinese education due to the prevailing focus on written test scores. Existing research has explored numerous ways to improve English pronunciation, including incorporating music and utilizing Computer-Assisted Pronunciation Training (CAPT) systems. Moreover, my paper addresses the challenges junior high school students face in developing English speaking skills, such as limited oral English classes and a lack of appropriate teaching materials. Students' lack of interest and anxiety toward verbal English learning further contribute to the problem. To address these issues, this study proposes two main interventions: utilizing music as an auxiliary method in teaching spoken English and employing dubbing apps in English teaching and after-class assignments. Additionally, role-playing activities are suggested to enhance students' enthusiasm for oral English learning. Through interviews with English teachers, this research aims to shed light on effective approaches to improve oral English proficiency among Chinese junior high school students and provide practical insights for language educators.
The Effect of the Learning Environment on Students Anxiety and Depression Levels
Authors: Hao Alexander Z
Published: April 2024

Most people agree that different learning environments can create additional pressure situations for students. This study aims to investigate the effect of the learning environment on the level of social phobia and depression among high school students. The analysis assumes that International Baccalaureate (IB) students have the highest levels of anxiety and depression. The study distributed online anxiety and depression scales to 15 Advanced Placement students, 15 Advanced Level students, and 15 International Baccalaureate students in the same school. After data collection, the data was tested through ANOVA and correlational analysis to compare the scores of students in different learning environments. The study showed no significant differences in student scores across learning environments, but IB students scored higher than AP and Advanced Level students. The researcher concluded that IB students have higher levels of anxiety and depression than those enrolled in Advanced Placement courses and those enrolled at Advanced Level. Future work can increase the sample size of this study, to improve the credibility and significance of the present research.
"The Pathway from Slavery to Freedom": Frederick Douglass and Black Education in Antebellum America
Authors: Ning Keyi
Published: April 2024

This paper investigates the emergence of education for African Americans in the antebellum South through close examination of the pioneering autobiography Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave. It highlights two starkly contrasting perspectives on black education in the decades before the Civil War - that of white slaveholders, who considered learning dangerous and likely to incite rebellion amongst slaves, versus the viewpoint of Douglass himself, an enslaved man whose hunger for education was a source of hope and a pathway he imagined could lead to freedom. By conducting a close reading of Douglass's personal philosophy on education while he was still enslaved, this paper aims to illuminate the deep hunger for learning and great risks African Americans were willing to take in order to become literate during the antebellum period, demonstrating how highly they valued education in the context of their oppressive status. It seeks to underline the central role of education in early African American freedom narratives and nascent resistance movements through Douglass's pioneering example.