bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis Glycine-Modulated Metal Organic Framework Cr-PTC-Gly for Synergetic Methylene Blue Adsorption and Photodegradation under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Adawiah Adawiah , Fitria Risma Nur , Saridewi Nanda , Azhar Farhan Maulana , Gunawan Muhammad Shofyan , Komala Sri
Published: December 2022

The glycine-modulated metal-organic framework (MOF) Cr-PTC-Gly was successfully synthesized for methylene blue elimination application. The Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) characterization showed the stretching vibration N-H at 2034 cm-1. The bands at 1506 and 1406 cm-1 are asymmetric and symmetric stretching vibrations (-COO) bound to Cr3+ ions and 3118 cm-1 of the hydroxyl (OH) functional group of H2O bound to the Cr3+ ion. The band gap energy of MOF Cr- PTC-Gly is 1.9 eV. The XRD analysis showed that MOF Cr-PTC-Gly has good crystallinity with a crystal size of 17.79 nm. MOF Cr-PTC-Gly with 50% glycine gave the most optimum elimination activity with an elimination capacity of 87.95 mg/gram via adsorption and photocatalytic degradation. The adsorption mechanisms were carried out via electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interaction. In contrast, photocatalytic degradation was carried out by forming free radical species with hydroxyl radicals (•OH) as a dominant species that contributed to the methylene blue degradation.
Comparison of Honai and Other Traditional Houses' Physical Qualities on Respiratory Diseases
Authors: Rifa'i Sholli Cholik
Published: December 2022

One of Jayawijaya's traditional houses, Honai, relies much on thermal comfort factors, as most residences are. Honai architecture conforms to Jayawijaya's environment and the Dani tribe's daily activities. The Dani people lit fires inside, and the smoke from the fires caused respiratory diseases among the residents. This study focused on the thermal comfort variables, such as air temperature, humidity, and wind velocity, of the Honai interiors and compared them with those of other traditional houses in Indonesia that also use hearth systems inside. CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulations were performed to illustrate how the air inside each type of house circulates. The result of the simulations shows that with an adequate area of openings, the smoke from the hearths inside the compared three houses tends to be carried out quickly, while in Honai houses, it requires a relatively longer time for the smoke to be distributed to the outside. This result strengthens the author’s hypothesis, stating that the occupants of Honai houses had respiratory diseases due to the lack of air ventilation in their homes. At the end of the research, the author made a design recommendation for the occupants of Honai houses to add a sufficient area of ventilation to create healthier Honai houses so that the respiratory disease rate in Papua would possibly be reduced. Keywords: Thermal comfort, Honai, respiratory disease, hearth, ventilation, CFD.
Sex Differences in Response to Marek’s Disease: Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Regions (QTLRs) to the Z Chromosome
Authors: Lipkin Ehud , Smith Jacqueline , Soller Morris , Burt David , Fulton Janet Elizabeth
Published: December 2022

Marek’s Disease (MD) has a significant impact on both the global poultry economy and animal welfare. The disease pathology can include neurological damage and tumour formation. Sexual dimorphism in immunity and known higher susceptibility of females to MD makes the chicken Z chromosome (GGZ) a particularly attractive target to study the chicken MD response. Previously, we used a Hy-Line F6 population from a full-sib advanced intercross line to map MD QTL regions (QTLRs) on all chicken autosomes. Here we mapped MD QTLRs on GGZ in the previously utilized F6 population with individual genotypes and phenotypes, and in eight elite commercial egg production lines with daughter-tested sires and selective DNA pooling (SDP). Four MD QTLRs were found from each analysis. Some of these QTLRs overlap regions from previous reports. All QTLRs were tested by indiviuals from the same eight lines used in the SDP and genotyped with markers located within and around the QTLRs. All QTLRs were confirmed. The results exemplify the complexity of MD resistance in chickens and the complex distribution of P-values and LD pattern and their effect on localization of the causative elements. Considering the fragments and interdigitated LD blocks while using LD to aid localization of causative elements, one must look beyond the insignificant markers, for possible distant markers and blocks in high LD with the significant block. The QTLRs found here may explain at least part of the gender differences in MD tolerance, and provide targets for mitigating the effects of MD.
Las carreras de “Off-Road” y su correlación con el desierto de Samalayuca en Chihuahua, México
Authors: Vazquez Bernal Berenice Ivette
Published: December 2022

El territorio árido del norte del estado de Chihuahua es testigo de infinidad de actividades recreativas, deportivas y de inversión publicitaria, de las cuales, ni los mismos habitantes del área tienen conciencia. Cantidades colosales monetarias, psicológicas y físicas son invertidas en carreras “Off-road” de cuatrimotos,motocross, “buggies” y “trocas” de distintas categorías, para ser testigos de la fusión del deporte con el desierto. Equipos locales, nacionales e internacionales visitan la región para llevar a cabo la travesía que esta extraordinaria experiencia desértica les ofrece. El amor por el Off-road y el desierto en Chihuahua, específicamente en la región de Samalayuca, es una herencia de gustos de generación en generación.
Democracia y violencia de género en Chihuahua
Authors: Camarillo Hinojosa Jesús Antonio , Villanueva Pérez Iliana Yasel
Published: December 2022

El artículo explora la idea de que las demandas y la garantía de las libertades son incompatibles con un concepto restringido de democracia. Su lucha controvierte, entre otras muchas cuestiones, una concepción estrictamente formal de la democracia que la identifica con una simple regla de la mayoría. Esa comprensión reduccionista sofoca los derechos de determinados grupos vulnerables. En ese contexto, las condiciones de desigualdad y de violencia extrema en perjuicio de las mujeres no han encontrado la atención suficiente en las instituciones del estado de Chihuahua, aunada a las grandes falencias del Estado Mexicano en la materia. Bajo ese panorama, el texto también aborda la manera en que la irrupción del Tribunal Especializado en Violencia de Género pudiera responder a la necesidad de un tratamiento, en sede adjudicativa, aunque sea sólo parcialmente, para estas legítimas exigencias.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 26.11.2022 г. по 02.12.2022 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: December 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 26.11.2022 г. по 02.12.2022 г.
The Role of National Brand “Bangga Buatan Indonesia” to Support MSME Resilience in COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Wibowo Joshi
Published: December 2022

The weakening of economic activity in Indonesia caused by the spread of the COVID outbreak impacted MSME activities in Indonesia negatively. The Indonesian government has implemented various preventive policies to support local MSME resilience to overcome this issue. One of which is a policy related to the brand nation, “Gerakan Bangga Buatan Indonesia” (BBI). This study aims to determine the role of BBI policies on the resilience of Indonesian MSMEs in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. The data used in this study were sourced from social media “Twitter” which contains the hashtag #banggabuatanindonesia from March 2020 – March 2021. This study examines tweets related to BBI with matters that affect the resilience of local MSMEs, such as business regulation, financial reform, tax reform, and economic stimulus qualitatively. The results showed that the most affected category to MSME resilience in the COVID-19 pandemic era was digitalization, followed by trade activities, economic stimulus, business regulation, financial reform, and tax reform. The magnitude of the influence of digitalization on MSME resilience was caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which forces MSME actors to digitize their activities to maintain their business. In addition, this study also found two unique phenomena, which are: (1) digitalization is indirectly integrated into other categories such as trade activities, economic stimulus, and financial reform to support local MSME resilience; (2) The high participation of netizens consisting of the Indonesian people to support BBI policies through the use of the hashtag #banggabuatanindonesia. Overall, BBI policies have a positive impact on the resilience of MSMEs in Indonesia in the new normal era and the post-COVID-19 era.
JEL Code: I15, J18, O14, Z19
Assessment of Direct Tax Collection in India
Authors: Wagle Namrata , Manerkar Manjiri
Published: December 2022

The overall development of society is the primary objective of any government and India is no exception. It should focus on basic functions and on welfare and developmental activities that require finance. Government raises finance for public necessities through tax i.e., direct tax and indirect tax. The tax system in India has come a long way, dating back from the colonial era till now. This paper examines the performance of direct tax collection in India for the period from the financial year 2001-02 to 2018-19. The data has been collected from secondary sources i.e., the website of the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT). It is found that the collection of direct tax witnesses an increasing trend. The direct tax collected from each state in India was analyzed for the period of the study to perceive if there is a statistical difference. Also, the study showcases that the net collection of Direct Tax has a positive impact on GDP of the country.
Increase Corrosion Resistance of Alkyd Paint With Nio-zro2y Coating on Hot-rolled Steel
Authors: Cano Carolina , Malagón Eduard Ricardo Romero , González Gloria Ivonne Cubillos
Published: December 2022

The corrosion resistance of an alkyd paint was evaluated, substituting commercial anticorrosive with a thin film of NiO-ZrO2Y partially stabilized with Ytria deposited by means of the RF sputtering technique. Hot-rolled (HR) steel was used as the substrate. For the two anticorrosive coating systems, the structure, morphology, and composition were determined via the techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in order to determine the composition of the NiO-ZrO2Y film. The corrosion resistance was determined from polarization curves and weight loss by immersion in a 3.5% NaCl solution. The electrochemical and weight loss results indicated that use of the NiO-ZrO2 film shows a fourfold increase in the corrosion resistance of the material subjected to immersion in the corrosive electrolyte compared to the traditionally-used commercial anticorrosive.
The surveillance of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Norway: a comparison of two register-based systems
Authors: Whittaker Robert , Toikkanen Salla , Dean Katharine , Lyngstad Trude Marie , Buanes Eirik , Kløvstad Hilde , Paulsen Trine Hessevik , Seppälä Elina
Published: December 2022

Introduction

We compared data in two national electronic health registries to evaluate and further optimise the surveillance of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Norway.

Method

We included COVID-19 patients registered in the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) or Norwegian Pandemic Registry (NoPaR) with admission dates between 17 February 2020 and 1 May 2022. We linked patients, identified overlapping hospitalisation periods and described the overlap between the registries. We calculated the proportion of ICD-10 diagnosis codes (from NPR) and their combinations by main cause of admission (clinically assessed as COVID-19 or other, from NoPaR), age and time. We also calculated the sensitivity and specificity of selected code combinations for representing U07.1 patients’ main cause.

Results

In the study period, 20,115 admissions with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were registered in NoPaR, and 21,030 with the ICD-10 code U07.1 in NPR. Up to late-2021 there was a 90 – 100% overlap between the registries, which thereafter gradually decreased to below 75%. The distribution of ICD-10 codes by main cause and sensitivity and specificity of selected code combinations for representing COVID-19 as main cause varied by age and time.

Conclusion

Changes in patient cohorts, virus characteristics and the management of COVID-19 patients in hospitals from late-2021 impacted the registration of patients in NoPaR and ICD-10 codes in NPR. Using ICD-10 codes for the surveillance of patients hospitalised due to COVID-19 requires age- and time-specific definitions, and ongoing validation to consider temporal changes in patient cohorts and virus characteristics.
A cyanobacterial bloom can be effectively managed by combining different temperatures and light intensity using hydrogen peroxide as an indicator
Authors: Rahman Mizanur , Asaeda Takashi , Abeynayaka Helayaye Damitha Lakmali
Published: December 2022

This study conducted laboratory experiments to evaluate the combined effect of different temperatures and diurnal light intensities on cyanobacteria. After 23 days of incubation of sufficient Microcystis aeruginosa cells at 30°C, 20°C, and 10°C temperatures, the light intensities were changed diurnally hourly by 100 µmol m− 2 s− 1 starting from 6:00 to 18:00, where maximum light intensity reached 600 µmol m− 2 s− 1 at 11:00 to 13:00 and then decreased parallel till 18:00. H2O2, Chl-a, and CAT levels increased until 15:00 but decreased with light intensity afterward. It was found that temperature (30°C to 10°C) significantly influenced H2O2, protein, and Chl-a concentrations. The H2O2/protein concentration significantly correlated with protein concentration in decreasing temperature. CAT activity was directly proportional to H2O2/protein concentration at different temperatures. H2O2/protein was defined as the content of H2O2 within cells. These findings would provide the necessary tools for treating cyanobacterial blooms by using H2O2 as an indicator.
Healthy Sleep Patterns, Genetic Susceptibility, and Incident of Cirrhosis and Liver Cancer
Authors: Wang Haoxue , Qin Shifan , Zhang Shanshan , Shen Qian , Zhu Ying , Tian Jianbo , Chang Jiang , Zhong Rong
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Existing evidence implicated that individual unhealthy sleep behaviors play potential roles in the pathogenesis of liver-related disease. However, the associations of sleep pattern with cirrhosis and liver cancer remains unclear. Therefore, we aim to examine the associations of sleep patterns with cirrhosis and liver cancer incidence in a large prospective cohort and evaluate the role of genetic risks in the associations.
Methods: This study prospectively followed participants from the UK Biobank cohort study who were free of cirrhosis and liver cancer at baseline. Five sleep behaviors were collected to measure sleep pattern. We constructed a polygenic risk score for cirrhosis and liver cancer. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: During the prospective follow-up of 370,976 participants, we documented 580 cirrhosis and 213 liver cancer incidents. Compared with participants with an unfavourable sleep pattern, multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for those with favourable sleep pattern were 0.63 (0.44-0.92) for cirrhosis (Ptrend = 0.001), 0.40 (0.23-0.71) for liver cancer (Ptrend = 0.013), and 0.39 (0.21-0.72) for non-cirrhotic liver cancer (Ptrend = 0.019). Moreover, participants with an unfavourable sleep pattern and a high genetic risk had higher risks of cirrhosis incidence (HR: 3.43, 95% CI: 2.00-5.88) and liver cancer incidence (HR: 3.33, 95% CI: 1.19-9.26) than those with a favourable sleep pattern and a low genetic risk. Conclusions: A healthy sleep pattern was associated with lower risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer, and genetic risk did not modify these associations.
Correlation Between Peri-Implant Bone Mineral Density and Initial Stability of Implants as Interpreted by Artificial Intelligence Jaw Density Classification
Authors: Lv Lingfeng , Xiao Yanjun , Zhou Lin , Guo Jianbin , Lin Yanjun , Chen Jiang , Huang Wenxiu , Wu Dong
Published: December 2022

Objective: To investigate the correlation between peri-implant BMD and initial stability of implants when combined with the new artificial intelligence classification method of jaw density.
Materials and Methods: 49 patients who received dental implant treatment in the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatological of Fujian Medical University were included. The torque value and implant stability quotient (ISQ) value of the implants after implantation were recorded. Artificial intelligence image segmentation software was used to obtain the distribution of jaw density in implant areas, and the neck, the middle, the bottom and the total bone mineral density (BMD) coefficients of the 1mm region around the implant were calculated by model overlap and image overlap techniques. Then, the correlation betwen ISQ and BMD evaluated by a new jaw density artificial intelligence classification method were investigated.
Results: There was a significant positive correlation between the BMD coefficient of the total, the neck and the middle region around implants and the ISQ value (P < 0.05), but there was no significant correlation between the BMD coefficient of the bottom around implants and the ISQ value (P > 0.05). BMD was significantly higher at the implant site with larger implant torque (P < 0.05).
Conclusions：The results of this study suggest that there is a positive correlation between BMD coefficient and the ISQ. BMD of both the neck and the middle of the implant have a significant positive correlation with the ISQ, while BMD of the bottom of the implant has no significant correlation with ISQ.
Untargeted lipidomic analysis and network pharmacology for parthenolide treated papillary thyroid carcinoma cells
Authors: Huang Le-Tian , Li Tie-Jun , Li Ming-Lin , Luo Han-Yong , Wang Yi-Bing , Wang Jia-He
Published: December 2022

Background: With fast rising incidence, papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common head and neck cancer. Parthenolide, isolated from traditional Chinese medicine, inhibits various cancer cells, including PTC cells. The aim was to investigate the lipid profile and lipid changes of PTC cells when treated with parthenolide.
Methods: Comprehensive lipidomic analysis of parthenolide treated PTC cells was conducted by using a UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS platform, and the changed lipid profile and specific altered lipid species were explored. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were performed to show the associations among parthenolide, changed lipid species, and potential target genes.
Results: With high stability and reproducibility, a total of 34 lipid classes and 1736 lipid species were identified. Lipid class analysis indicated that parthenolide treated PTC cells contained higher levels of fatty acid (FA), cholesterol ester (ChE), simple glc series 3 (CerG3) and lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG), lower levels of zymosterol (ZyE) and Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) than controlled ones, but with no significant differences. Several specific lipid species were changed significantly in PTC cells treated by parthenolide, including the increasing of phosphatidylcholine (PC) (12:0e/16:0), PC (18:0/20:4), CerG3 (d18:1/24:1), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) (18:0), phosphatidylinositol (PI) (19:0/20:4), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (28:0), ChE (22:6), and the decreasing of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (16:1/17:0), PC (34:1) and PC (16:0p/18:0). Four key targets (PLA2G4A, LCAT, LRAT, and PLA2G2A) were discovered when combining network pharmacology and lipidomics. Among them, PLA2G2A and PLA2G4A were able to bind with parthenolide confirmed by molecular docking.
Conclusions: The changed lipid profile and several significantly altered lipid species of parthenolide treated PTC cells were observed. These altered lipid species, such as PC (34:1), and PC (16:0p/18:0), may be involved in the antitumor mechanisms of parthenolide. PLA2G2A and PLA2G4A may play key roles when parthenolide treated PTC cells.
Preliminary issues in the reverse engineering of an spur gear with non-standard geometric parameters
Authors: Konecki Karol , Wojtkowiak Dominik , Talaśka Krzysztof
Published: December 2022

The paper presents issues related to an attempt to recreate the geometry of an involute spur gear with non-standard geometric parameters such as: module m = 4.98 mm, radial clearance factor c* = 0.383, addendum modification y = 0.795, profile shift x = 0.0695, profile angle α = 26.325° and with straight teeth, made in the 6 degree IT, using conventional techniques and measuring instruments. In the process of recreating the geometry of the tested gear, a completely different set of parameters was obtained: m = 5 mm, c* = 0.418, y = 0.81, x = 0.0143, α = 26.806°. The correctness of the reconstructed geometry was assessed by comparing the position of the contour of the involute of the nominal gear with the contour of the involute of the reconstructed gear, establishing that the error value ∆e along the radius leading tangent to the base circle of the restored gear was 0.0054 mm. However, the most important stage of this work is to demonstrate that two involute gears with straight teeth can be identical despite using different geometric parameters in most of them (including, in particular, different modules m and different nominal profile angles α). A formula was derived to calculate the exact value of the profile shift for a new, alternative set of geometric parameters with a different module. A matrix was developed that allows making calculations to derive two identical gears with alternative sets of geometric parameters. Therefore, a proper and valid alternative set of geometric parameters was adopted for the reproduced gear for which the modulus was m = 5 mm, together with c* = 0.380, y = 0.793, x = 0.0325, α = 26.784°. The paper also outlines further research plans.
Numerical Stability of Hanging Cables’ Parametric Vibration during Fastening-Hanging Cantilever Construction Stage of Arch Bridge
Authors: guo zengwei , Tang Xinyu , Yao Guowen
Published: December 2022

The cable-stayed fastening-hanging cantilever construction method has been widely used in the construction of arch bridges. Hanging cables’ parametric vibration frequently appears during the cantilever construction stage of arch rings. However, there is a lack of research on hanging cables’ parametric vibration as well as its control strategies for inerter dampers. Although Runge-Kutta method can achieve the transient response of cables’ parametric vibration under arbitrarily support excitation, it might not achieve the large-amplitude solution due to inappropriate initial conditions. Therefore, parametric vibration equation of hanging cable with parallel inerter damper was established and solved both by Runge-Kutta method and method of multiple scales(MMS). The steady-state solution of hanging cables calculated by Runge-Kutta method and its dependence on initial conditions were discussed and analyzed. Numerical stability of Runge-Kutta solution was also investigated by analyzing the phase portraits of multiple-scale solution. Besides, the influence of inerter damper on Runge-Kutta solutions’ numerical stability and initial condition dependence was discussed and explained. Finally, a general method to determine initial conditions of Runge-Kutta method was proposed to achieve large-amplitude solution of hanging cables’ parametric vibration under arbitrary support excitation. The results indicate that different initial conditions cause Runge-Kutta’s transient amplitude to develop along different phase trajectories, and finally to converge to different steady-state solutions. The inerter damper changes the critical phase trajectory of cable-inerter system, which shifts the region of reasonable initial conditions. Runge-Kutta steady-state solutions with inerter damper, solved by the initial conditions for no inerter damper case, may be the small-amplitude solutions, which may lead to overestimation of the control effect of inerter dampers. This study provides a general method to determine initial conditions of Runge-Kutta method for cables’ parametric vibration, which provides a reference for future parametric vibration studies.
Association of hemoglobin level at admission with postoperative pneumonia in elderly patients with hip fracture: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Daxue , Zhang Yu , Yang Shiwei , Zhang Ning , Sun Lixin
Published: December 2022

Background and Aim

Postoperative pneumonia (POP) is a common complication in elderly patients with hip fracture. Low preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) levels have shown strong associations with POP including, but the cut-off value of Hb level remains to be elusive. In this study, we investigated the quantitative relationship between preoperative Hb levels and the accidence of POP in elderly patients with hip fracture.

Methods

This study was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 1444 elderly patients with hip fracture admitted to the Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 were retrospectively included. Demographic and clinical data (including laboratory tests) were analyzed and compared to explore the relationship between Hb level at admission and POP.

Results

There were 389 males and 1055 females with an average age of 77.55 ± 8.75 years. The incidence of POP in elderly patients with hip fracture was 6.30% (91/1444). The regression equation showed that, without adjustment for covariates, the incidence of POP decreased by 52% (P = 0.0136) and 59% (P = 0.0047) in Q3 and Q4 in comparison to Q1, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, a nonlinear relationship was achieved between Hb and pneumonia. Threshold effect analysis showed that the inflection point was 82.3 g/L. On the left side of the inflection point, Hb level was negatively correlated with the incidence of POP (OR: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.84–0.96, P = 0.00178). On the right side of the inflection point, there was no correlation between Hb levels and POP (OR: 1.00, 95%CI: 0.98–1.01, P = 0.7938).

Conclusion

There is a nonlinear relationship between preoperative Hb level and POP in elderly patients with hip fracture. When the Hb level was lower than 82.3 g/L, the preoperative Hb level was negatively correlated with POP, but when the Hb level was higher than 82.3 g/L, no correlation was observed.
Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Flap VS. ILM Peeling for ＜400μm Macular Hole: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Li Pingping , Li Lu , Wu Jianhua
Published: December 2022

Inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique was developed to achieve macular hole (MH) closure in large MH. But the efficacy of small holes has been controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the anatomical and visual outcomes of vitrectomy (PPV) combined with the inverted ILM flap and ILM peeling in small and medium size MHs. Search relevant literature within PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane library, and CNKI from inception through October 2022 in English or Chinese. Only case-control studies were included. Heterogeneity, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis were conducted to ensure the statistical power. This meta-analysis included six studies involving 299 eyes, 3 randomized control trials, and 3 retrospective studies. Summarizing data displayed that the MH closure rate was not different between the inverted ILM flap group and peeling group (odds ratio(OR) = 0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04 ~ 1.96, P = 0.33 ). Whereas there was no significant difference in visual acuity improvement, the integrity of the external limiting membrane (ELM) and the ellipsoid zone (EZ) in 3 months or 12 months after surgery between the two groups. Therefore inverted ILM flap and ILM peeling are both effective treatments for＜400μm MHs, and are associated with comparable outcomes as well as don't damage the integrity of the retina.
A Variant Mutation in the gene encoding Mitochondrial Seryl-tRNA Synthetase Cause HUPRA Syndrome with Atypical Presentation-A Case Report
Authors: Lahham Elias Edward , jamal Juhina , Adawi Du’a Osamah , Ismail mohamad Khaled
Published: December 2022

Background
Hyperuricemia, pulmonary hypertension, renal failure, and alkaline intoxication syndrome (HUPRA syndrome) is a rare autosomal recessive mitochondrial disease with prevalence of less than one in a million. Due to mutations in the mitochondrial SARS enzyme encoding seryl-tRNA synthetase on chromosome 19 (19q13.2).
Case–Diagnosis/Treatment
We investigated two Palestinian girls from the same village presented with progressive renal failure in infancy were diagnosed with this multisystemic disease. presented with atypical clinical manifestations of HUPRA syndrome include leukopenia, anemia, salt wasting resulting in hyponatremia and hypochloremia, renal failure with elevated blood lactate, marked hyperuricemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia but without pulmonary hypertension or alkaline intoxication that distinguish them from the rest of the usual cases, instead they showed acidosis in routine follow up. By using single exome sequencing analysis, we identified a two homozygous pathogenic mutation c.1175A>G (p.D392G), c.1169A>G (D390G) in SARS2 gene. This sequence identified a new variant mutation of HUPRA syndrome c.1175A>G (p.D392G) with atypical presentation, that will be added to the literature.
Conclusion
SARS2 gene with pathogenic homozygous mutation variants were detected in our two patients c.1175A>G (p.D392G), c.1169A>G (D390G) in exon 13, with atypical clinical manifestations of HUPRA syndrome, expanding the spectrum of SARS2 pathogenic variants with its characteristic findings, describing the differences in clinical manifestations between homozygous and compound heterozygous mutations.
Outburst floods strongly influence valley evolution in the Tsangpo Gorge, Eastern Himalaya
Authors: Dong Xiaolu , Wang Xianyan , Yang Long , Zhao Zhijun , Balen Ronald van , Miao Xiaodong , Liu Tao , Vandenberghe Jef , Pan Baotian , Gibling Martin , Lu Huayu
Published: December 2022

Regular flows and infrequent outburst floods shape many mountain landscapes, but the relative contributions from these gradual processes and infrequent high-magnitude events have been widely debated, in part due to a paucity of reliable data from historical outburst floods. Here we quantify erosion and deposition from a catastrophic outburst flood in June 2000, caused by a landslide-dam failure on the Yigong River in a rapidly exhumed region of the Eastern Himalaya. The flood, with a peak discharge of 105 m3/s, lasted for only ~ 10 hours, but its geomorphic effects were equivalent to the cumulative effect of 1–2×103 years of long-term fluvial processes in the region. Ubiquitous boulder bars deposited in the channel by the flood promoted extensive lateral erosion through increased bed roughness. As a result, the valley floor widened threefold, triggering many additional secondary landslides, which contributed boulders to the riverbed. The resultant widespread bank erosion and concurrent landslides will continue to influence fluvial dynamics until the next catastrophic flood remobilizes the boulders. Our quantitative findings highlight the importance of recurrent outburst floods for gorge development and landscape evolution in southern Asia and in rapidly uplifting mountain belts worldwide. Teaser Infrequent outburst floods from short-lived natural dams strongly impact fluvial and hillslope processes in rapidly uplifting mountain belts, and they are a major process of incision and gorge formation in river valleys.
Transcriptome analysis of hepatic fibrosis induced by common bile duct ligation
Authors: Ren Junjie , Zhang Chunhong , Lv Tingting , Kong Yangyang , Huang Tingjuan
Published: December 2022

Cholestatic is an important factor causing liver fibrosis with a clinical incidence rate of about 10.26%. Although the progress of cholestatic hepatic fibrosis can be delayed by clearing the etiology and improving bile toxicity, how to treat antifibrotic is still an important and difficult problem in clinical treatment. In this study, we utilized Illumina sequencing technology to deeply mine the changes of mRNA expression during BDL-induced hepatic fibrosis. A total of 239,727,428 clean reads and 3224 Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained with 2852 genes were upregulated and 372 genes were downregulated. GO enrichment revealed that DEGs were mostly associated with biological processes, among which cellular process is the most enriched with 2253 genes up-regulated and 270 genes down-regulated. KEGG annotated 340 pathways in all, of which pathways in cancer and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway were most enriched. Six significantly DEGs were verified by RT-qPCR, and the results were consistent with the transcriptome sequencing outcome. These DEGs and pathways may play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of liver fibrosis, and may be potential therapeutic targets of liver fibrosis. Further investigations are needed to clarify its specific mechanism.
Salivary Proteomic Patterns in Children Affected by Different Severity Degrees of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization
Authors: Toledo¹ Elora Silva , Rizzardi¹ Karina Ferreira , de Carvalho Fabíola Galbiatti , Nobre-dos-Santos Marinês , Sciani Juliana Mozer , Parisotto Thaís Manzano
Published: December 2022

Saliva is a rich-bodily fluid with recognized clinical diagnosis roles and this research aimed at investigating if there is any change in the salivary proteome signatures of MIH children with distinct degrees of severity. Fifty schoolers (6–10 years) were equally assigned into the following groups: G1 (Control group - Healthy teeth), G2 (Mild MIH with white/creamy opacity and free of caries), G3 (Mild MIH with yellow/brown opacity and free of caries), G4 (Severe MIH with white/creamy, yellow/brown opacities including post-eruptive fracture and free of caries), G5 (Severe MIH with white/creamy, yellow/brown opacities, post-eruptive fracture, and caries). Unstimulated saliva samples were collected and later explored using mass spectrometry analysis. In total, 6,471 proteins were found, 5,073 exclusively from MIH children, and 778 overlapping among the different degrees of the disturb. The Biological Pathways displayed distinct patterns among the groups, being different according to the degrees of MIH. Gene-Odontology differences might not be verified regarding the biological processes and cellular components. Conversely, with respect to molecular function, alterations among groups were evident, with the presence of proteins that would contribute to MIH in children with the severe condition (i.e, calcium ion binding, microtubule binding, platelet-derived growth factor binding). In conclusion, the results of this study support important salivary proteomic changes in MIH children, according to distinct degrees of severity, reinforcing the interplay between the clinical characteristics and changes in the salivary proteome.
Characterisation of patients with paediatric dyssynergia, a single centre experience
Authors: Dokal Kitt , Bingham Carly , White Emily , Mutalib Mohamed
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Dyssynergic defecation is a common functional defecation disorder in children with four known types. Compared to adults, paediatric dyssynergic defecation is not as well characterised. We sought to better define patients with Type I and II paediatric dyssynergia as this may facilitate future management strategies.
Methods: The demographic profile, detailed medical history and treatments were obtained from 26 patients diagnosed with Type I and II dyssynergic defecation at the Evelina London Children’s Hospital from April 2019 to November 2021.
Results: Twenty patients were diagnosed with Type I dyssynergia (average age 9.9 years, standard deviation (SD) of 2.6). Six patients were diagnosed with Type II dyssynergia (average age 10.8 years, SD of 3.7). The major subset of the patient cohort had significant gastrointestinal symptoms including 20 (77%) experiencing soiling and 19 (73%) displaying withholding. Many patients had a number of comorbidities (including respiratory, neurological and genitourinary). There were also notable psychological, social and developmental conditions (73%) including anxiety, autism and cerebral palsy. 22 patients were taking at least one laxative as treatment. 21 of the 26 patients required disimpaction treatment. None of these patients required surgical intervention.
Conclusions: Our results show that a high proportion of patients with dyssynergic defecation have significant psychosocial conditions. This may contribute to the development and progression of this condition by shaping the cognitive schemas which lead to voluntary withholding. Management of these patients should therefore include a comprehensive psychosocial assessment in addition to managing the symptoms of defective defecation.
Correlation between nasal obstruction, quality of life and costs of endoscopic vs. microscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery in a low/middle-income country
Authors: Peñaranda Augusto , Jimenez-Hakim Enrique , Pérez-Herrera Lucia C. , Peñaranda Daniel , Moreno-López Sergio , Hakim Fernando , Garzón Juan , Pinzón-Navarro Martín
Published: December 2022

Few studies compare the post-operative nasal symptoms, quality of life, and costs in the microscopic vs. endoscopic transsphenoidal approaches for pituitary adenomas, particularly in low/middle-income Latin American populations. This ambispective study correlated the perception of nasal obstruction, quality of life and costs of endoscopic vs. microscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery at the Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia between January 2018, and December 2019. A total of 46 patients (mean age: 50.57 years) who underwent pituitary resection for adenomas either by microscopic or endoscopic approach in the Neurosurgery and/or Otolaryngology departments of the Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá were included. Postoperative perception of nasal obstruction was assessed through the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) and a visual analog scale (VAS). Quality of life was assessed with the Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI). Surgical-related and hospitalization costs were extracted from the hospital’s finances database. A median difference of 45 points favoring the microscopic approach was found in the global scores of the NOSE scale. A median difference of 4 points was found in the VAS score (p<0.001 in both interventions). The GBI median scores were 27.78 points (IQR: 55.56), and 25.00 (IQR: 25) for the microscopic and endoscopic approaches, respectively. A negative correlation between the GBI and NOSE was found (ρ̂=-0.44; 95% CI: -0.684 to -0.095), implying that the less postoperative nasal obstruction, the better quality of life. The difference between median surgical-related costs was $ 437.92 USD, favoring of the microscopic approach (p=0.03). Nasal obstruction and quality of life were correlated, highlighting the impact of sinonasal outcomes in patients’ quality of life. Statistically significant differences were found in postoperative nasal obstruction symptoms and costs, favoring the microscopic approach.
Mediating role of pain self-efficacy in the relationship between sense of coherence, spiritual well-being and self-compassion with quality of life in iranian elderly with cardiovascular disease
Authors: Salehi Nahid , Afrashteh Majid Yousefi , Majzoobi Mohammad Reza , Ziapour Arash , Janjani Parisa , Karami Sahar
Published: December 2022

Background: Population ageing is considered one of the biggest challenges facing the world, and the status of the elderly in society and their quality of life (QOL) have proved to be a concern in professional and scientific research circles. As a result, the current study sought to investigate the role of pain self-efficacy (PSE) as a moderator in the relationship between sense of coherence (SOC), spiritual well-being, and self-compassion with QOL in Iranian elderly with cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Method: This was a correlational study of the path analysis type. The statistical population included all elderly people with CVD who were at least 60 years of age in Kermanshah Province, Iran, in 2022, of whom 298 (181 men and 117 women) were selected using convenience sampling and according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants answered questionnaires from the World Health Organization on QOL, Paloutzian and Ellison’s spiritual well-being, Nicholas’s PSE, Antonovsky’s SOC, and Raes et al.’s self-compassion.
Results: The results of path analysis demonstrated that the hypothesised model of this study has a good fit in the studied sample. In this way, SOC, spiritual well-being, and self-compassion had a significant relationship with QOL through PSE.
Conclusion: These results emphasise the importance of the role of PSE in increasing the quality of life of the elderly with CVD.
Predication of deterioration components of reinforced concrete columns using machine learning methods
Authors: Khoshkroodi Azadeh , Sani Hossein Parvini , Aajami Mojtaba
Published: December 2022

Deterioration components (DCs) of reinforced columns (RC) are important for predication the seismic behavior and performance of RC structures. Theses DCs parameters include: Plastic chord rotation from yield to cap (θp), post capping plastic rotation capacity from the cap to point of zero strength (θpc) and normalized energy dissipation capacity relation between deterioration components of RC columns with different properties(λ). This paper investigates several machine learning (ML) algorithms for the prediction of DCs, referred to as ML-DCs, based on the results of 255 experimental reinforced concrete columns tests conducted from 1973 to 2002. The performance of the models are considered using regression metrics. In this regard, machine learning algorithms such as Least Squares Support Vector Machine (Lssvm), AdaBoost, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Regression (SVR) and XGBoost are applied and finally the results obtained from the models are compared with experimental relationships. The XGBoost algorithm provides enhanced accuracy of 95% for θp, 84% for θpc, and 93% for λ comparing to the others. Also, the results of machine learning algorithms indicate that the results obtained from the machine learning models are more effective than the empirical relationships achieved by the test results.
The role of chondrocyte-to-osteoblast trans-differentiation in fetal bone dysplasia of mice caused by prenatal exposure to dexamethasone
Authors: Zhu Jiayong , Zhao Xiaoqi , Wang Hui , Xiao Hao , Chen Liaobin
Published: December 2022

Maternal exposure to dexamethasone can cause developmental toxicity of long bones in offspring. However, the effect of dexamethasone on the trans-differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes into osteoblasts and its role in bone dysplasia of fetuses caused by prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) remains unclear. In this study, pregnant mice were treated with different doses, stages, and courses of dexamethasone according to clinical practice to reveal the phenomenon. Further, growth plate chondrocytes were treated with dexamethasone in vitro to clarify the phenomenon and mechanism. The results showed that PDE caused dysplasia of fetal long bones in female and male mice, accompanied by the delayed formation of the primary ossification center and the widening hypertrophic zone of growth plate cartilage. Meanwhile, PDE increased the number of hypertrophic chondrocytes at growth plate cartilage and decreased the number of osteoblasts at the primary ossification center. Moreover, PDE significantly decreased the expression of osteogenic transcription factor Runx2 but increased the expression of hypertrophic chondrocytes marker Col10. These above phenomena were more significant in the high dose, early stage, and double courses of dexamethasone exposure groups, and the male fetal mice showed more obvious than the female fetal mice. In vitro, dexamethasone significantly inhibited the trans-differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes into osteoblasts, accompanied by a decrease in Runx2 expression and an increase in Col10 expression. In conclusion, this study revealed the phenomenon and mechanism of fetal bone dysplasia caused by PDE from the new perspective of trans-differentiation disorder of growth plate chondrocytes to osteoblasts.
Extended Producer Responsibility and Enforcement of Single-Use Plastic Ban in Pune City of India
Authors: Nomani M. Z.M. , Al-Farhad M. M. , Mustafa Faizan
Published: December 2022

India has experienced tremendous production, use, and discarding of plastic waste. The municipal and solid wastes proliferation of municipal waste, especially plastic waste, paved the way for the regulatory framework to implement the plastic ban in 18 states and Union Territories of India. In contrast, they have implemented a partial ban on plastic bags respectively. It addressed the phasing out of multi-layered plastics (MLP) and incorporated Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) within the circular economy of plastic waste generation and recycling. It is generally believed that the plastic ban in India has feeble administrative support and effective implementation. Therefore, the government has passed the Draft Plastic Rules, 2009; Plastic Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011; Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016 and Draft Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2021. It made vital changes in recycled plastic manufacture and usage at national and state levels. Since the net outcome of the failure is environmental degradation beyond reparable limits, the most vociferous articulation of the banning of the single-use came through the Notification on Plastic and Thermocol Products, 2018 by the Government of Maharashtra. Although the new legal framework carried high deterrent value, the implementation has been heavily flawed. The paper deals with the plastic laws and performance in the context of EPR in Pune city of India. It suggests viable recommendations and strategies from a multi-stakeholder perspective.
Evaluation of artificial diets for rearing Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lep: Noctuidae) intended biocontrollers search
Authors: Bedoya Johanna Andrea Obando , Arbelaez Julian Andres Valencia
Published: December 2022

To develop a methodology for laboratory rearing of S. frugiperda for the production of bio-controllers, which allow biological control of this important pest. Four artificial diets were evaluated, two of them with grain flour (bean and chickpea) and agar; two prepared with cassava and lentil starch.
Methodology: The tests were carried out in three consecutive generations; in the first one the efficiency of the diets with agar was estimated, and in the second one diets without agar and the best diet of the first trial. A final test included all artificial diets. Larval size, pupal weight and length, adult longevity and fertility, and duration of each developmental stage were determined.
Results: Larval development in bean and wheat germ had no significant differences (p>0.05) (L1=2.57 mm; L2=5.83 mm; L3=9.95 mm; L4=14.7 mm; L5=21.4 mm; L6=28.01 mm and L1=2.55; L2=5.79; L3=10.16; L4=14.62 and L6=27.56 mm respectively) with the reference diet. Pupae weights ranged from 0.21g to 0.18g. The average weights in each of the cases were, 0.18 g, 0.19g, and 0.16g approximately for the diets containing bean, wheat germ, and chickpea respectively; and showed significant differences (p>0.05) with the control (0.21g.).
Conclusion: The bean diet did not show significant differences (p>0.05) with the control for the insect development time (53, 39 days, 48.53 days, and 43.61 days for the artificial diet and 36.37 days, 38.42 days and 41.56 days for the reference diet).