bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nominations of the russian-ukrainian war in multi-style discourse
Authors:   Poltava Branch of National Scientific Center “Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Forensic Science Institute”, Poltava, Ukraine, BRAILKO Iuliia , KYSLA Nataliia ,   Poltava Branch of National Scientific Center “Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Forensic Science Institute”, Poltava, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

Background. The article identifies the nominations of the Russian-Ukrainian war in the texts of different styles; it analyzes the functional specifics of the concepts “war,” “armed aggression,” “full-scale invasion,” “conflict,” “ATO,” “JFO,” “Russian-Ukrainian war,” etc.

The armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine has been going on for more than a decade, and its full-scale period is more than three years, but Ukrainian speakers have not yet developed a suitable militonym. Both in scientific sources and in the mass media, there are still ongoing discussions about the appropriateness of the concepts “war,” “armed aggression,” “full-scale invasion,” “conflict,” etc. to mark this event.

Methods. A complex of the following methods has been used to study the nominations of the modern Russian-Ukrainian war: an index of such names has created using the selection method; the linguistic stylistic method has made it possible to trace the peculiarities of the functioning of militonyms in texts of different styles; component analysis has enabled the identification of semantic components of these names; contextual and discursive analysis have allowed us to identify their pragmatics; thanks to the descriptive method the results of the research are highlighted.

Results. It has been found that the concept “anti-terrorist operation” was used in Ukrainian legislation until February 24, 2022. The same concept was the main lexical marker of current military events in Ukraine in texts of various styles from 2014‒2018. After 2018, the concept “JFO” became fixed in the media discourse, and the abbreviation “ATO” continued to be mostly used in colloquial, journalistic, and artistic discourse.

The factonym “armed aggression of the Russian Federation [against Ukraine]” has gradually entered the legal circulation, and later also the scientific and journalistic discourse.

Despite the wide palette of names of modern military events, the lexeme “war” dominates the colloquial and artistic discourse.

Conclusions. The same events, phenomena, processes can be called differently. And such nominations can be an informational weapon of Ukrainians in the war against the Russian aggressor, as well as a weapon of Russian propaganda. Undoubtedly, it is a matter of time to select and establish in the Ukrainian discourse the militonym for the designation of modern military actions. We will make an assumption that it will be multi-component, and in view of the conducted research, we will note that the lexeme “war” should be the key one in its structure, as it is the most used by modern speakers to mark the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine from 2014 to the present day.
Role of TLR7 in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Batkaeva Nadezhda V. , Olisova Olga Y. , Gitinova Muslimat M.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) plays a significant role in the development of inflammation in psoriasis. However, there are very few data on the role of different polymorphic markers of the TLR7 gene in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
AIM: Study of the role of polymorphic marker rs179009 of TLR7 gene in patients with severe psoriasis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted during the period of 2016–2024. The analysis of innate immunity indicators in the study group was performed by obtaining RNA in peripheral venous blood and polymorphisms of the gene recognizing marker rs179009 of the TLR7 receptor were investigated by polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan probes. To assess the area and severity of psoriatic lesions of the skin process, we used a standardised method of assessment — determination of the PASI index.
RESULTS: The main group consisted of 168 patients (100%) with psoriasis. Of these, 45 (26.8%) were women and 123 men (73.2%). The average age of the patients was 54.0±14.0 years. The mean duration of psoriasis course was 11.8±0.6 years. The mean psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) value was 17.7±7.2. When analyzing the genotypes of polymorphic marker rs179009 in the TLR7 gene in patients with psoriasis of different severity, it was revealed that heterozygote CT was significantly more frequent in patients with mild psoriasis, and homozygote CC and homozygote TT were registered at PASI 10 (p 0.05). The C allele of the studied marker was significantly more frequent in patients with late psoriasis debut and late development of psoriatic arthritis (p 0.01). In contrast, the T allele was significantly more frequent in patients with early debut of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (p 0.01). When analyzing the genotypes of polymorphic marker rs179009 in the TLR7 gene, the occurrence of homozygous CC and TT genotypes was also found to have statistically significant differences. The CC genotype was more frequently registered in patients with late onset of psoriasis and late onset of arthritis (p 0.05). In contrast, the TT genotype was significantly more frequently registered in patients with the debut of skin and joint process before 40 years of age (p 0.05).
CONCLUSION: In our study it was found that homozygous carriage of CC and TT genotypes of polymorphic marker rs179009 in the TLR7 gene predisposes to a more severe course of the skin process in psoriasis. Also, the presence in the patient of allele C or homozygote CC of marker rs179009 in the TLR7 gene is a predictor of late onset of the skin process and the development of arthritis. While the presence of the T allele or TT homozygote statistically significantly predisposes to early onset of psoriasis and early onset of joint symptoms with the development of psoriatic arthritis.
Primary seropositive syphilis with acute condylomas of the facial skin and perianal candidiasis
Authors: Arsentev Nikolai S. , Sukhanova Elena S.
Published: December 2024

Syphilis is an infectious human disease caused by pale treponema (Treponema pallidum), transmitted mainly by sexual intercourse and characterised by a progressive course with periodisation of clinical symptoms and lesions of the skin, mucous membranes, nervous system, internal organs and musculoskeletal apparatus, the incidence of which remains an important and urgent problem requiring medical alertness.
The current data and the main trends of syphilis morbidity in the Russian Federation for several years (from 2019 to 2023) are analyses in detail in the article. It is established that the number of new cases of the infectious disease has increased over the specified time period. The COVID-19 pandemic had a particular impact on syphilis morbidity statistics. In addition, the introduction of additional measures, such as mandatory testing of foreign citizens for dangerous infections, including syphilis, with mandatory submission of the results to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation also had an impact on the statistics of morbidity.
We present a unique clinical case that demonstrates the presence of primary seropositive syphilis (perianal chancres) in a male patient with acute condylomas of the facial skin and perianal candidiasis. Initially, a coloproctologist made an incorrect diagnosis, despite the history (unprotected sexual intercourse), the characteristic clinical picture of the disease and the specific localisation of the rashes, indicating the site of the pathogen's introduction. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive results of nontreponemal test, specific treponemal tests and passive haemagglutination reaction. Pale treponema was also detected by dark-field microscopy. Due to aggravated allergological anamnesis ― intolerance to penicillin antibiotics ― specific antisyphilitic treatment with ceftriaxone was prescribed. According to the results of control analyses, the treatment was positive. Acute condylomas of the facial skin were removed by the radio wave method after complex treatment of the underlying disease. After completion of the specific treatment, it was recommended to carry out clinical and serological control once every 3 months.
Assessment of genomic and non-genomic molecular indicators for the development of steroid resistance in dermatoses of various etiologies
Authors: Lepekhova Anfisa A. , Olisova Olga Y. , Teplyuk Natalia P. , Dukhanin Alexander S. , Bakasova Valeria E.
Published: December 2024

Resistance to systemic glucocorticosteroids in various dermatological conditions represents a serious clinical problem, often leading to treatment failure and exacerbation of the disease. The purpose of the review is to determine the relationships between association of genomic and non-genomic molecular factors and steroid resistance development in dermatoses of various etiologies. Genomic factors, including glucocorticoid receptor polymorphisms and changes in steroid metabolizing enzymes, may alter patient sensitivity to systemic glucocorticosteroids. All authors individually carried out a search of the available literature through PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and MeSH using such key words "glucocorticoid receptor," and "glucocorticoid resistance," and "macrophage migration inhibitory factor," and "P-glycoprotein," and "polymorphism NR3C1," and "systemic lupus erythematosus," and "bullous pemphigoid," and "pemphigus vulgaris," and "atopic dermatitis."
Out of 23 analyzed sources, 8 studies were selected that describe various genomic and nongenomic factors potentially influencing the development of steroid resistance in a vast variety of skin conditions including pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid, atopic dermatitis, nummular eczema, localized neurodermatitis, lichen planus, and cutaneous and systemic lupus erythematosus.
We found that the mechanisms of steroid insensitivity were thoroughly studied in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, including its cutaneous manifestations. Moreover, they differ in all these diseases. Meanwhile, the mechanisms underlying steroid resistance in other dermatological diseases are currently not fully understood. It is of a paramount importance to investigate mechanisms of steroid insensitivity and develop a panel of biomarkers which could predict steroid resistance in advance to optimize therapy of these conditions.
Development of the antigenic recombinant tropomyosin of Echinococcus granulosus in a bacterial system as a vaccinal candidate against canine echinococcosis
Authors: Acosta-Benites Janet , Jara Luis M. , Verastegui Pimentel Manuela , Obregón Maldonado Pepe M. , Altamirano-Zevallos Faride , Valencia Mamani Nicasio , Gavidia Cesar M.
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue clonar, expresar y producir la proteína recombinante tropomiosina  isoforma A de Echinococcus granulosus (EgTrpA) que mantenga sus propiedades antigénicas e  inmunogénicas como posible candidata a vacuna para perros y ovejas. El gen de la proteína tropomiosina de Echinococcus granulosus (EgTrp), se clono en dos  vectores: Tropo/His-tag [pET28a (+)] y Tropo/GST-tag  (pGEX6P-1). Luego, se expresó en E. coli BL21. La identidad de la proteína se determinó mediante  electroforesis bidimensional. La inmunogenicidad y la antigenicidad se verificó mediante la inmunización de conejos con cada proteína recombinante y se evaluó mediante Western Blot y ELISA. La electroforesis  bidimensional identificó la proteína recombinante EgTrp como isoforma A. Las proteínas recombinantes mostraron reacciones de reconocimiento en el Western Blot y el suero de los conejos inmunizados mostró un aumento de los anticuerpos IgG de Tropo/His-tag similar a Tropo/GST-tag. La proteína recombinante EgTrpA demostró características antigénicas e inmunogénicas en animales de laboratorio.
Presentación del Congreso ACMI Capitulo Valle
Authors: Casanova Maria Eugenia
Published: December 2024

El buen médico trata la enfermedad, el gran médico trata al paciente que tiene la enfermedad. William Osler
Repensar la bioprospección en América Latina: propuestas para descubrir el valor de la biodiversidad
Authors: Desmarchelier Cristian
Published: December 2024

Por qué ha disminuido la actividad de bioprospección los esfuerzos de hallar nuevos compuestos químicos, genéticos, etcétera en los organismos vivos -- en América Latina? La bioprospección se orienta a los usos de tales compuestos para el beneficio del ser humano en sectores como el alimentario, farmacéutico, cosmético, agroindustrial, textil, energía, entre otros. Si bien la búsqueda sistemática de especies y estructuras químicas de interés económico generó un sinnúmero de productos en el siglo XX, y las tecnologías involucradas han evolucionado de forma exponencial en la última década, no ha sido así en la región. Este informe identifica algunos de los factores que limitan la bioprospección en la región, describe los principales avances tecnológicos con potencial para revolucionar esta disciplina, presenta un inventario de iniciativas relevantes en los sectores académico, público y privado, que demuestran el creciente interés y la adopción de nuevos enfoques e innovaciones tecnológicas en la bioprospección, y presenta dos propuestas para valorizar la biodiversidad: el desarrollo de cadenas de valor basadas en la biodiversidad y la creación de plataformas de acceso a la biodiversidad, también conocidas como bancos de extractos.
Sequência didática interdisciplinar para o estudo de funções polinomiais e movimento retilíneo no Ensino Médio
Authors: Faria Henrique Antonio Mendonça , Tavoni Robinson
Published: December 2024

O ensino de Matemática e Ciências no Ensino Médio é frequentemente fragmentado, dificultando a compreensão integrada dos alunos sobre conceitos inter-relacionados. Avaliações internacionais, como o Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Estudantes (PISA), destacam deficiências significativas no desempenho de alunos brasileiros nessas áreas. Em resposta a essa questão, este estudo propõe uma sequência de ensino interdisciplinar que conecta funções polinomiais com o estudo do movimento retilíneo, visando aprimorar o aprendizado contextualizado desses tópicos. A sequência proposta integra funções lineares e quadráticas com os conceitos de movimento retilíneo uniforme e uniformemente acelerado, utilizando metodologias ativas como Peer Instruction e Problem-Based Learning (PBL). A sequência é organizada em seis etapas distribuídas em 20 aulas, fomentando a interação entre os conteúdos de ambas as disciplinas e promovendo o aprendizado prático e colaborativo. Os resultados indicam que a sequência de ensino proposta facilita uma abordagem mais integrada e contextualizada dos conceitos, contribuindo para uma compreensão e aplicação mais profundas dos alunos. Este artigo sugere que o modelo proposto pode ser uma abordagem eficaz para implementar práticas pedagógicas interdisciplinares, oferecendo uma solução para a fragmentação do conhecimento e promovendo uma aprendizagem mais significativa no ensino médio.
Transnational Shakespeare: Salman Rushdie and Intertextual Appropriation Authors
Authors: Kapadia Parmita
Published: December 2024

Through "Yorick" and The Moor's Last Sigh Salman Rushdie maps the ever-present hybridity between, and, significantly, within literary texts and the cultures that produce and receive them. Thus, Rushdie's postmodern, metafictive palimsests ironically reveal how Shakespeare's literary endurance and global iconic status depend upon the revisions, adaptations, and appropriations of his work. Recognizing the cultural, historical, linguistic, and literary multivalency of Rushdie's "Yorick" and The Moor's Last Sigh prompts a move away from the restrictive binary structures that oppose canonical texts to counter-discursive ones and suggests, instead, an intertextuality that actualizes the interstitial spaces and interconnectivity characterizing transnational appropriations of Shakespeare's plays. Rushdie's intertextual re-construction of Shakespeare — spanning as it does histories, geographies, time periods, literary genres, and cultures — destabilizes the principal binary that governs much of postcolonial Shakespearean discourse: the canonical/appropriation partition that divides the iconic Shakespeare of the West from the "local" reimaginings of the rest. Because of the fragmented quality of Rushdie's Shakespearean references, neither "Yorick" nor The Moor's Last Sigh offers the reader a straightforward retelling; instead, Rushdie's metafictive narrative style highlights the volatility of the Shakespearean text itself.
Yorick's Afterlives: Skull Properties in Performance
Authors: Williamson Elizabeth
Published: December 2024

Hamlet's address to Yorick's skull is at the heart of the Shakespearean canon, but is often conflated with the equally famous "To be or not to be" soliloquy in act 3, scene 1. This article reasserts the importance of the skull property by examining its afterlife on the modern stage, arguing that the use of real human remains in productions of Hamlet reveals a strong desire on the part of actors and theatergoers to be part of a kind of sacred lineage. The play text makes it clear that we can never be entirely sure whose skull it is that the gravedigger hands to Hamlet; it might be that of the prince's jester, a great lady, or a horse thief. The use of actual skulls — many of which have their own complicated life histories — as stage properties underscores the transgressive potential of the scene and testifies to the theater's ambivalent relationship to narratives of transcendence.
The Name "Bottom" in A Midsummer Night's Dream
Authors: Watts Cedric
Published: December 2024

This essay discusses the surname of Nick Bottom in A Midsummer Night's Dream. The esteemed (and vast) Oxford English Dictionary denies that the name could in Shakespeare's day mean "buttocks, backside." By citing a variety of contemporaneous and subsequent texts, I argue that the OED is wrong; that the name connoted not only "buttocks" but also "arse"; and that the word "ass" may have been pronounced (not by everyone, but by many) very similarly to "arse," as is the case in rural and westerly parts of England today. So, when Quince says to the metamorphosed ass-headed weaver, "Bottom, bless thee! Thou art translated," he means not merely "You are transformed"; he also means "Your name, 'Bottom,' has been translated, physically, via 'arse' into 'ass.'" If this argument is valid, A Midsummer Night's Dream is even better coordinated and wittier (linguistically, thematically, and visually) than it has been deemed to be. It may then prove, however, even more difficult for translators of its text into foreign languages.
Dream Loops and Short-Circuited Nightmares: Post-Brechtian Tempests in Post-Communist Bulgaria Authors
Authors: Stavreva Kirilka
Published: December 2024

"Dream Loops and Short-Circuited Nightmares" explores the surge of interest in The Tempest among Bulgarian theater professionals and audiences after the fall of communism. The essay analyzes the interfaces between the Bulgarian post-communist cultural condition and three experimental performances of the play, discussed here as embodying the principles of Brechtian dialectical theater. In a notable divergence from postcolonial revisionist performances of the play, the Bulgarian directors choose to have Prospero remain on the island. Theirs is, however, a local Prospero, re-figured alternatively as the modern little man who desperately needs to make peace with the ghosts of his past, as the psychotic who has severed his ties to a reality outside of himself, as the Balkan and European colonizer/colonized incapable of connecting his past and his present in a narrative that would eschew annihilation. If postcolonial re-visions of The Tempest reconstruct its plot and dramatic conflict to focus on the cultural and political agency of the Other, the post-communist Bulgarian productions redefine the metropolis as the Other. Nobody gets elevated in these re-visions of The Tempest — not aesthetically, politically, or morally. Instead, they nurture poignant curiosity for fallen idols like Prospero, as well as for the Calibans, Ariels, and Mirandas these idols have traumatized — all of them little people exiled in their own minds.
"The Rack Dislimns": Professing in the Aftermath of Katrina
Authors: Munkhoff Richelle
Published: December 2024

This essay focuses on the psychological impact of Katrina's long aftermath and attempts to represent the difficulties of restoring order in one's personal and professional lives after a disaster of such magnitude. Because Richelle Munkhoff and her husband lived and worked in two distinct parts of the devastated area, New Orleans and Hattiesburg, Mississippi, the essay addresses the conflicting experiences of recovery in both places by drawing on Antony and Cleopatra, and particularly upon the incommensurability of Antony's Egypt and Rome. Narrating trauma, the essay suggests, can be neither linear nor complete; too great a breakdown in language and communication occurs. Ultimately, again drawing upon Antony, the essay shows how "the rack" is powerfully connected to the mutability of epistemology — how what we think we know and see can be radically altered by the natural force of clouds.
Prospects of Application of Spent Autocatalysts: Rh Catalysts for Processing of Renewable Citral
Authors: Simakova I.L.
Published: December 2024

Data on the activity of model bimetallic catalysts 1%Rh5%Co/ZrO2, 1%Rh5%Cu/ZrO2 and 1%Rh1.5% MnOx/SiO2 in the hydrogenation of renewable citral under mild conditions (70 °C, 10 atm gauge H2) have been obtained. It is shown that the citral hydrogenation rate increases in the series RhCu/ZrO2 < RhMnOx/SiO2 < RhCo/ZrO2, reaching selectivity to citronellal of 70, 78 and 84 %, respectively, at citral conversion of 46 %. It is hypothesized that the presence of impurities of Co, Cu, Mn, silicon oxide and reduced oxides will not affect the hydrogenation activity of Rh in spent autocatalysts.
Sublingual Misoprostol in Active Management of the third Stage: Maternal Outcome
Authors: Ewuoso Dr Bernard. O.
Published: December 2024

Background: The use of uterotonic agents in active management of the third stage of labor has been
shown to reduce postpartum hemorrhage. Although intramuscular oxytocin remains the uterotonic of
choice, others such as intravenous oxytocin, ergometrine, carboprost, and misoprostol can be used.
Sublingual misoprostol has been shown to have the greatest bioavailability, achieving the highest plasma
concentration in the shortest time when compared to other routes at equal dose.
Objective: To evaluate whether the addition of sublingual misoprostol to intramuscular oxytocin in active
management of the third stage of labor is beneficial.
Methodology: This was a randomized controlled trial that involved all women planned for vaginal
delivery who presented in labor. After consenting, these women were randomly assigned and received
either 600µg of sublingual misoprostol and 10IU of intramuscular oxytocin or 10IU of intramuscular
oxytocin alone. Following delivery of the placenta, blood loss was assessed by the gravimetric method. The
data obtained was analyzed and compared between the two groups.
Results: Three hundred and six women were randomized in this study, one hundred and fifty-three women
into each group. Baseline characteristics and risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage were similar for both
groups except for parity, maternal weight, and cervical laceration. When these were subjected to logistic
regression, they were not found to significantly predict the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage.
Sublingual misoprostol in addition to IM oxytocin significantly reduced postpartum hemorrhage, duration
of the third stage, blood transfusion, and need for additional uterotonics as compared to IM oxytocin
alone. Fever and shivering occurred more in the misoprostol group, but only shivering was statistically
significant. All side effects were transient and self-limiting.
Conclusion: The addition of sublingual misoprostol to IM oxytocin has statistical significance in reducing
primary postpartum hemorrhage, duration of the third stage of labor, blood transfusion, and need for
additional oxytocics.
Clinical Audit: Exploring barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening Compliance
Authors:   Family Medicine, Tuakau Health Centre, New Zealand, Kasmieh Omar
Published: December 2024

Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is detected in
99% of cervical cancer cases; however, the
infection alone in individuals with a healthy
immune system does not lead to the development
of invasive cervical cancer (Gates et al., 2021).
The development of cervical cancer is influenced
by several other risk factors beyond HPV
infection, including: Pre-cancerous cervical
lesions, history of HPV-related vulval or vaginal
dysplasia, Immunosuppression, Infrequent
participation in cervical screening programs,
lower socioeconomic status, an earlier onset of
sexual activity, an increasing number of sexual
partners or engagement with high-risk sexual
partners, history of sexually transmitted
infections, prolonged use of oral contraceptives, a
young age at first full-term pregnancy, high
number of full-term pregnancies, smoking, in
utero exposure to diethylstilboestrol (DES), and
family history of cervical cancer due to the
association with some rare genetic disorders
(Cohen et al., 2019; Okunade, 2019; Stumbar et
al., 2019).
Nitrofurantoin Induced Lung Disease
Authors: Puliassery Harikrishnan
Published: December 2024

Nitrofurantoin is a synthetic nitrofuran antimicrobial commonly used for the treatment and prevention of
recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Although rare nitrofurantoin can cause acute and chronic lung
diseases. We report the case of an 81-year-old woman diagnosed with interstitial lung disease (ILD) due
to long-term use of Nitrofurantoin for UTI prophylaxis. Despite widespread lung parenchymal changes in
the form of fibrosis and ground glass opacities, she responded very well to corticosteroids. This case
report highlights the importance of early recognition and favorable response to corticosteroids in
nitrofurantoin-induced ILD.
Keywords: Nitrofurantoin, Lung Diseases, Interstitial Fibrosis, Corticosteroid.
Morbidity profile of the neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit in a tertiary teaching hospital in Puducherry: A Prospective Observational study
Authors:   1 Post Graduate student, Department of Pediatrics, Sri Lakshmi Narayana institute of medical sciences, Puducherry, India, Reddy Dr Katkuri Sandeep
Published: December 2024

Background: The neonatal period is defined as the first 28 days after birth for the newborn and is the
most critical period of Paediatric age group. One hundred thirty million newborns are born every year,
and 4 million (3%) of them pass away within the first 28 days of their lives.50% of all newborn deaths
occur within the first 24 hours of life. The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is one of the highly
sophisticated facilities equipped to address all types of critical cases.
Aim: To assess the morbidity pattern of the neonates who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care
unit in a tertiary care centre in Puducherry
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics at Sri
Lakshmi Narayana Medical College in Puducherry. The babies received in the labour room or the
operative theatre were given an Apgar score at 1 and 5 min. All other vital parameters were recorded, and
the sick babies were shifted to the NICU. All the babies were examined within 24 hours of birth and daily
until discharge from the hospital and if found sick are shifted NICU
Results: A total of 320 babies admitted in NICU for a period of one year from June 2023 to may 2024
were included in the study. 58.7% had a birth weight of more than 2.5 kg, 72.2% had a gestation age of
more than 37 weeks, and males contributed 62.8%. The majority are from rural areas and low socioeconomic status. And 65.6% were born by vaginal delivery. Anaemia (67.5%) is the most common
maternal disease, and gestational diabetes mellitus (30.9%), followed by preeclampsia or eclampsia
(27.5%), is the most common obstetrical complication encountered in the study. Transient tachypnoea of
newborns is the most common morbidity (71.9%) followed by perinatal asphyxia (31.6%), and small for
gestational age (27.5%) was noted in the study.
Conclusion: The transient tachypnoea of the newborn, respiratory distress, prematurity, and systemic
infection were the leading causes of the admission in our study. Improvement should be made in neonatal
care from the grassroots level to the tertiary level to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Keywords: newborn, neonates, NICU, morbidity
CA Thyroid with Lymph Node Tuberculosis - A Rare Presentation
Authors:   Head of the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr VRK Womens Medical College, Hussain Dr Hidayath
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused
by Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Koch's
bacillus.
Between 15 and 20% of all cases of tuberculosis
will present extrapulmonary location, the most
frequent being lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB)
The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased in
the last decade, with a mortality rate of 0.5 per
100,000 inhabitants, being papillary carcinoma as
the most common histological type.
Cervical lymphadenopathy has been found as the
initial presentation in 23-56% of thyroid
carcinoma cases.
Thyroid carcinoma with cervical
lymphadenopathy due to co-existent tuberculosis
is common.
Trends and Direction of Land Use Change in the Perspective of Urbanization in Karnataka: A District Level Study
Authors: Radhika C. , Mahesh E. , Sutradhar Rajib , Kethineni Udayabhaskar , Prasad Jagdish
Published: December 2024

Background: Urbanization and industrialization are mainly responsible for the conversion of large tract of agricultural lands and other vegetation-rich lands to non-agricultural purposes. Land and its utilization across various activities must be analysed to frame suitable policies for optimum land use. In Karnataka, the share of the net sown and non-agricultural areas increased. However, the share of permanent pasture and other grazing lands, barren and unculturable land, current and other fallow lands, culturable wasteland and land under miscellaneous tree crops and groves decreased compared to their share in 2000-01. The goal is to explore the direction of land use change between these land use categories in the context of urbanization. Methods: We utilized the district-level data sourced from reports of the Directorate of Economics and Statistics of the Government of Karnataka, enabling us to conduct a robust panel data regression using fixed effects model that empirically establishes the relationships between different land use categories, particularly non-agricultural land, barren land and arable land, from 2000-01 to 2020-21. We recorded the land use changes in the major land use classes at the district level by comparing the temporal dynamics for 2000-01 to 2020-21 and also studied the dynamics of each category’s land use outcomes and the changes in urbanization status at the district level. Result: This study provides a detailed insight into the trends and direction of land use changes in Karnataka from the perspective of urbanization, which has been getting a significant focus in the country’s development. The study’s findings have significant policy implications, as they underscore how rapid population growth and the expansion of non-agricultural areas at the district level negatively impact arable and barren land.
Building Critical Digital Literacies for Social Media through Educational Development
Authors: Smith Erika
Published: December 2024

Conceptions of critical digital pedagogy extend the tenets of critical pedagogy for the study and use of digital technologies. Engaging with foundations of critical pedagogy as they apply to digital spaces, including social media, the purpose of this article is to explore how critical digital literacies can inform and be enacted in educators’ learning and development, with a focus on post-secondary contexts. Through an analysis of GIFs and memes that are frequently shared on social media, the author considers potential entryways for building critical digital literacies in teaching and learning. Using a critically reflective approach, the author makes connections between recent scholarship in these areas, as well as her own research of digital literacies, and examples from educational development practice that aim to promote criticality in action.
Navigating the Unknown Digital “Waters” That Lie Ahead – A Commentary
Authors: Mandzuk David
Published: December 2024

This contribution presents a commentary on the special issue.
Alcohol Consumption Patterns and Associated Factors in Ekiti State, Nigeria: a State-wide, Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mobolaji Usman Dada , Kehinde Sunday Oluwadiya , Olatayo Adekunle Adeoti , Ayokunle Dada Samuel , Taiwo Hussean Raimi , Bolade Folasade Dele-Ojo , Eyitayo Amu , Oluremi Solomon , Felix Aina , Adefunke Babatola , Adeniran Samuel Atiba , Adetunji Omotayo , Adebowale Femi Akinwumi , Jacob Awoleke , Esu Ezeani
Published: December 2024

Aim: The study aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern, and factors associated with alcohol use among adults in Ekiti State. Subjects and Methods: The survey was a cross-sectional, household-based, using a four- stage, multistage sampling technique. Using the Geographic Information System, 5000 adults were selected and interviewed using the WHO STEPS Instrument on mobile tablets and Open Data Kit (ODK). Results: More than 50 % of the 4894 participants recruited for the study were between the ages of 18 and 44 years. About three-quarters of the participants were females (74.1 %). Approximately 24 % of the respondents reported ever taking alcohol, with men accounting for a higher proportion of lifetime and current use (52.1 % and 38.5 %, respectively) than women (14.1 % and 7.2 %, respectively). Daily consumption was higher among males (7.6 %) compared to females (3.9 %). In comparison to women, more than 10 percent of men admitted to abandoning their social responsibilities due to alcohol consumption. The prevalence of early morning alcohol consumption is much higher among men (13.3 %) than among women (1.9 %). About 2.2 % of respondents quit alcohol consumption for health reasons, with men being more likely to do so than women (6.7 % versus 1.2 %, respectively). Conclusion: The prevalence of alcohol use is high in Ekiti state, particularly among males. Men are also more likely to consume alcohol daily, in larger quantities, and are more likely to stop alcohol consumption due to health issues.
Hikikomori and Internet Gaming Disorder: a Case Report
Authors: Sunil Shweta , Tripathi Ravikesh , Kumar Sharma Manoj , Anand Nitin , Sahu Anamika , Kumar Rajesh
Published: December 2024

Aim: Social withdrawal is frequently considered a result of or a symptom of several mental health issues that can significantly alter a person’s way of life. Excessive internet use is also a mediating factor for increasing social withdrawal. To our knowledge, a classic case of Hikikomori had never been reported from India. We report a case who sought help to manage social withdrawal and online activities at a tertiary specialty centre of India. Case report: Student Mr. A, aged 18, residing with his parents, working as professionals, and younger brother, reported with complaints of ambivalence to take action and to plan his future activities, along with low self-confidence and feelings of sadness, hesitancy to establish contact with his friends, poor social life and difficulty in controlling his online gaming for the last 3 years. Mr. A met the criteria for internet gaming disorder on the Internet gaming questionnaire. Cognitive behavioural therapy was initiated to address his cognitions about gaming/online activities, decreased socialization, lower levels of behavioural activation, and enhancement of interpersonal interactions with family members. Since he could not regularly come for psychotherapy sessions, significant treatment progress could not be achieved. Conclusions: The case implicates more focused individual & family interventions to improve resocialization to mitigate the risk of Hikikomori and IGD.
Using Logs to Mitigate Process Variability and Dependence on Practitioners in Traditional Business Process Automation Software
Authors: Menezes Thiago Medeiros de , Salgado Ana Carolina
Published: December 2024

Context: Business Process Automation (BPA) is adopted by organizations to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and increase overall business performance. Traditional Business Process Automation (TBPA) is one of the three approaches employed to develop a BPA. TBPA entails developing BPA in a programming language for integrating the relevant applications in the digital ecosystem to execute a given process. Process variability and practitioner unavailability encumber the requirements specification for TBPA software. Objective: This work proposes a log-based approach for TBPA software to make software more adaptable to process changes and reduce reliance on practitioners, by providing a higher alignment among business process requirements and software architecture, and employing process mining to semi-automatically discover the business process during requirements elicitation. Method: The research conducted a case study in a technology institute to assess the approach and report its results in practice. Results: The results revealed significant improvements in adaptability to business process changes and decreased the time spent with practitioners, and, efficiency in development. The approach also presented limitations, including human intervention to accurately obtain the business process, complexity to trace the process into the architecture, data privacy concerns, and risk of network traffic overload. Conclusion: This research demonstrated the effectiveness of traceability between process requirements and software architecture, as well as the use of logs and process mining. These methods made TBPA software enhanced the software adaptability to changes and minimized the reliance on practitioners during requirements elicitation respectively.
Modeling and Predicting Self-Organization in Dynamic Systems Out of Thermodynamic Equilibrium; Part 1
Authors: Brouillet Matthew , Georgiev Georgi Y
Published: December 2024

Self-organization in complex systems is a process associated with reduced internal entropy and the emergence of structures that may enable the system to function more effectively and robustly in its environment and in a more competitive way with other states of the system or with other systems. This phenomenon typically occurs in the presence of energy gradients, facilitating energy transfer and entropy production. As a dynamic process, self-organization is best studied using dynamic measures and principles. The principles of minimizing unit action, entropy, and information while maximizing their total values are proposed as some of the dynamic variational principles guiding self-organization. The least action principle (LAP) is the proposed driver for self-organization, however, it cannot operate in isolation; it requires the mechanism of feedback loops with the rest of the system's characteristics to drive the process. Average Action Efficiency (AAE) is introduced as a potential quantitative measure of self-organization, reflecting the system’s efficiency as the ratio of events to total action per unit of time. Positive feedback loops link AAE to other system characteristics, potentially explaining power-law relationships, quantity-AAE transitions, and exponential growth patterns observed in complex systems. To explore this framework, we apply it to agent-based simulations of ants navigating between two locations on a 2D grid. The principles align with observed self-organization dynamics, and the results and comparisons with real-world data appear to support the model. By analyzing AAE, this study seeks to address fundamental questions about the nature of self-organization and system organization, such as "Why and how complex systems self-organize? What is organization and how organized is a system?". We present AAE for the discussed simulation and whenever no external forces act on the system. Given so many specific cases in nature the method will need to be adapted to reflect their specific interactions. These findings suggest that the proposed models offer a useful perspective for understanding and potentially improving the design of complex systems.
Application of the Crank Slider Mechanism: Portable Folding Bed
Authors: Yang Xiao , Chen Xi
Published: December 2024

This paper delves into a newly designed folding bed structure to mitigate the limitations in current market offerings. The main body is divided into five sections: introduction, design, analysis, Model display, and conclusion. The first section outlines the common types of folding beds and their limitations and presents the design objectives: portability, ease of assembly, and efficient transportation. In the second part of this paper, a detailed description of the folding bed design is provided, encompassing the design of the entire structure and each substructure. The design prominently employs the crank-slider mechanism, utilizing deformation and combination to achieve rapid deployment. Assembly diagrams and dimension annotations for critical components are also included. In the third part of the paper, a degree-of-freedom analysis and geometric calculation analysis are conducted for each substructure design, which substantiates the design's feasibility. For the analysis of each substructure, corresponding 2D simplified diagrams and plot diagrams are included. The design was modeled in SolidWorks, including modeling each substructure and the overall folding bed. A series of images depicting the folding and unfolding process of these models is presented in the fourth part of this paper. A summary of the overall design is provided in the final section of the article. The folded dimensions of the folding bed are [200*580*70], and the unfolded dimensions are [2070*580*220]. These dimensions roughly meet the design objectives, although some deficiencies still require improvement.
Schizotypy and Cluster A Personality Disorders in the DSM: Advocating for a Spectrum-Based Model
Authors: Cowherd Jackson
Published: December 2024

This paper critically examines the current classification of schizotypy and Cluster A personality disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). By examining empirical evidence, including genetic, neuropsychological, and symptomological overlaps across these nomologically distinct disorders, this paper argues for their integration into a schizophrenia-schizotypy spectrum. It is believed that a spectrum-based model would enhance diagnostic precision, therapeutic interventions, and our overall understanding of these disorders. While aligning with contemporary research, challenges in operationalizing this framework are acknowledged, thereby necessitating further empirical exploration. Ultimately, this paper advocates for a diagnostic evolution that reflects the continuum of schizotypy and schizophrenia, advancing both clinical practice and research.
DynGraph-BERT: Combining BERT and GNN Using Dynamic Graphs for Inductive Semi-Supervised Text Classification
Authors: Perin Eliton Luiz Scardin , Souza Mariana Caravanti de , Silva Jonathan de Andrade , Matsubara Edson Takashi
Published: December 2024

The combination of BERT and Graph Neural Networks (GNN) has been extensively explored in the text classification literature, usually employing BERT as a feature extractor combined with heterogeneous static graphs. BERT transfers information via token embeddings, which are propagated through GNNs. Text-specific information defines a static heterogeneous graph. Static graphs represent specific relationships and do not have the flexibility to add new knowledge to the graph. To address this issue, we build a tied connection between BERT and GNN exclusively using token embeddings to define the graph and propagate the embeddings, which can force the BERT to redefine the GNN graph topology to improve accuracy. Thus, in this study, we reexamine the design spaces and test the limits of what this pure homogeneous graph using BERT embeddings can achieve. Homogeneous graphs offer structural simplicity and greater generalization capabilities, particularly when integrated with robust representations like those provided by BERT. To improve accuracy, the proposed approach also incorporates text augmentation and label propagation at test time. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods across all datasets analyzed, with consistent accuracy improvements as more labeled examples are included.
Trends in Allergic Sensitization and Diseases in the Korean General Population Over a 9-Year Period
Authors: Lee Dong Hee , Shin Ji-Hyeon
Published: December 2024

Objectives. The prevalence of allergic sensitization and diseases varies over time due to changes in climate, environment, and lifestyle. This study analyzed changes in sensitization to house dust mites (HDM) and dogs, as well as the prevalence of allergic diseases in the Korean general population over a 9-year period and identified contributing factors.Methods. This cross-sectional study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2010 and 2019. Participants were aged ≥10 years, with the analysis stratified by adolescents (10–18 years) and adults (≥19 years). We evaluated the prevalence of allergic sensitization and diseases and examined links to clinicodemographic factors across the two survey years. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between sensitization and clinicopathological factors.Results. In total, 4,084 participants (2010: n=2,019, 2019: n=2,065) were enrolled. In 2010, HDM sensitization was 36.9%, declining to 36.6% in 2019. Dog sensitization decreased from 6.1% in 2010 to 5.8% in 2019. There were no significant differences between the two years among total participants; however, dog sensitization increased significantly among adolescents (2010: 8.7% vs. 2019: 15.3%; P=0.027). In 2010, HDM sensitization was negatively associated with urban residence (odds ratio [OR], 0.76; 95% CI, 0.60–0.96) and apartment dwelling (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.64–0.95) but was without significance in 2019. In adolescents, dog sensitization was strongly correlated with urban residence (OR, 8.06; 95% CI, 1.53–42.49) in 2010, whereas HDM sensitization was associated with obesity (OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.04–3.91) in 2019. In adults, heavy drinking was linked to dog sensitization (OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.20–4.62) in 2010 and HDM sensitization in 2019 (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.03–2.02).Conclusion. The prevalence of HDM sensitization remained stable over 9 years, while dog sensitization increased in adolescents. The factors associated with sensitization differed between age groups and years. Understanding these trends and related factors in the general population can help healthcare providers develop new strategies to reduce allergic sensitization and diseases.