bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lower-Limb Explosive Power did not Improve during 8 Weeks of Integrative Military Physical Training
Authors: Ma jizheng , HU Fei , HUANG Qiang Nian , JIA Wei , DING Ming Chao , ZHANG Xin Peng , XU Sheng Jia , TIAN Dong
Published: February 2020

Objective: Military populations require a range of physical capabilities to meet the demands of the military profession. It is not known whether a specific within-session balance of the core components of physical fitness provides more effective training adaptations. The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of combinations of high-intensity endurance training, resistance training, anaerobic training and plyometric training. Methods: Twenty-eight healthy young cadets participated in an 8-week training program. Training was performed 6 days per week. Testing occurred before and after the 8-week training regimen. The pre- and post-training measures included the basic physiological and performance levels.Results: Physiological indices, such heart rate, heart rate variability, anaerobic power and maximal oxygen uptake, responded positively to training (P < 0.05). The components of physical fitness, such as muscle maximal strength and endurance, 600 all-out effort, 5000-m run time and 18-km military load carriage, were also significantly improved (P > 0.05). However, the jump capacity did not significantly increase. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that during short-term integrative training, the lower-limb muscle maximal power did not improve. Given that many military tasks demand explosive (power) abilities, a switch to integrative training may have far greater consequences for transferring the benefits of the training program to military human performance.
DL-3-n-butylphthalide improves cerebral hypoperfusion in patients with large cerebral artherosclerotic stenosis. A single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Authors: Chen dawei , Shi Jin , Yin Yanwei , Yang Fen , Wang Kehua , Zhao Faguo , Li Wenping , Li Bin
Published: February 2020

Background: DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) was demonstrated to increase the cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the animal models, but there are no clinic studies to verify this. We aimed to explore the effect of NBP on improving cerebral hypoperfusion caused by cerebral large-vessel stenosis. Methods: In this single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 120 patients with severe carotid atherosclerotic stenosis and cerebral hypoperfusion in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) were included and randomly assigned into the NBP or placebo group as 1:1 radio. Patients in NBP and placebo group received 200mg and 20mg of NBP capsules three times daily for four weeks respectively. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were used to assess regional CBF (rCBF) in four regions of interest (ROIs) corresponding to MCA before and 12 weeks after the treatment. The rC BF change for every ROI and the CBF change in whole MCA territory for every patient after therapy were classified into amelioration, stabilization and deterioration respectively. Results: 48 NBP patients (6 with bilateral stenosis) and 46 placebo patients (8 with bilateral stenosis) completed the trial. Both groups had 54 stenotic carotid arteries and 216 ROIs for rCBF change analysis. After therapy, the rCBF in ROIs increased in NBP group (83.5%±11.4% vs. 85.8%±12.5%, p=0.000), but had no change in placebo group (86.9%±11.6% vs. 87.8%±11.7%, p=0.331). There was higher percentages of ROIs with rCBF amelioration and stabilization in NBP group than in placebo group (93.1% vs. 79.2%, p=0.000). Ordinal regression analysis showed that NBP independently made more patients to have whole CBF amelioration in ipsilateral MCA than placebo (Wald-χ2=5.247, OR=3.31, p=0.022). Conclusions: NBP may improve the cerebral hypoperfusion in the patients with carotid artery atherosclerotic stenosis. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900028005, registered December 8th 2019- Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=45490&htm=4.
Coverage Validation survey for lymphatic filariasis treatment in Itang special district of Gambella regional state of Ethiopia; Cross sectional study
Authors: Teshome Abinet , Zerdo Zerihun , Asnakew Mekuria , Churko Chuchu , Yihune Manaye , Chisha Yilma , Getachew Birhanu , Nigussu Nebiyu , Seife Fikre
Published: February 2020

Background Coverage validation survey provides a more precise estimate of preventive chemotherapy coverage and avoids the biases, as well as some of the errors that can affect reported coverage. This coverage validation survey was done to know the difference between the reported coverage from district of Itang special for Ivermectin and Albendazole given for Lymphatic Filariasis with the actual coverage in the selected district. Methods Itang special district from Gambella region was purposively selected for lymphatic filariasis treatment coverage survey. The survey was done by using segments from each district whereby 30 segments were selected from the district. The name of the kebeles and the segments where the survey was carried out were selected by using random selection method. After getting the total number of households in each selected kebele from the village chief the number of segments to be visited was computed by dividing the number of households to 50 and 16 households were visited from each segment and eligible individuals aged 5 and above were interviewed. Data for variables related to coverage of the IVM plus ALB were collected using Survey CTO software. Location of each household and the kebele chief office was recorded by using Global positioning system. Information about the kebele including population size, number of households in the kebele, last dates of mass drug administration were gathered primarily from village chiefs when available and headmasters and health extension workers when unavailable. Results The coverage validation survey result shows that the coverage for lymphatic Filariasis treatment was 81.5% in Itang special district of Gambella regional state. From 825 individuals that reported that they were offered the treatment 823(99.6%) swallowed the drug. The main reason for not being offered ivermectin and Albendazole during the mass drug administration campaigns because they were missing class during those dates (37.2%). Conclusion The data collected from Itang special woreda of Gambella Region shows that the treatment coverage is higher than the recommended coverage of 65% of the target population should be treated. Different factors play a role for this achievement including using different treatment sites such as schools, community centers and home to home by using health development armies for those children not attending schools and for nomadic communities such as the one in Gambella Regional state. Keywords Lymphatic Filariasis, Ivermectin, Albendazole, Coverage
A comparison between pylorus-preserving and distal gastrectomy in surgical safety and functional benefit with gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mao Xinyu , Xu Xinlei , Zhu Hua , Ji Chunpeng , Lu Xu , Wang Baolin
Published: February 2020

Background: Due to better functional outcomes, pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) has been widely applied for early gastric cancer (EGC) patients as an alternative to distal gastrectomy (DG). However, controversies still persist regarding the surgical efficacy and oncological safety of PPG.Methods: Original studies compared PPG and DG for EGC were searched in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials up to December 2019. The weight mean difference, standardized mean difference or odds risk were used to calculate the short-term and long-term outcomes between the two groups.Results: Twenty-one non-randomized controlled studies comprising 4871 patients (1955 in the PPG group and 2916 in the DG group) were enrolled in this systematic review and meta-analysis. PPG showed longer hospital day, decreased harvested lymph nodes and more delayed gastric emptying. However, PPG had the benefits of lower incidence of anastomosis leakage, early dumping syndrome, gastritis and bile reflux and better recovery of total protein, albumin. hemoglobin and weight. No difference was found in operative time, blood loss and overall complications. Moreover, the long-term survival and recurrence rate were similar in two groups.Conclusion: Owing to the non-inferiority of surgery and oncology outcomes and the superiority of function outcomes in PPG, we revealed that PPG can be clinically applicable instead of DG in EGC. However, more high-quality comparative studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) would be required for further confirmation.
THE PERSPECTIVES OF CELLULAR THERAPY IN REHABILITATION TREATMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL PATIENTS (REVIEW OF LITERATURE WITH OWN RESEARCH DATA)
Authors: Lychko V.
Published: February 2020

The article gathers and analyses modern data from foreign and regional authors regarding the latest achievements in cellular technologies that have prospects in rehabilitation of neurological patients. For the replacement of damaged brain tissue, technologies directed for differentiation of stem cells in neuronal and glial directions are extremely promising. Today, it is feasible to expect that in the near future this will enable the transplantation of cells to activate the processes of neuroplasticity in recovery period.
The data of own researches, which examined changes in structural and functional characteristics of brain tissue of rats with condition of experimental acute focal cerebral ischemia (AFCI) in dynamics of treatment cryopreserved cord blood serum (CCBS) was given for evaluation of its membrane protection, immune modulation and proangiogenic activity.
The study was conducted on 60 outbred white male Wistar rats weighing 200±20 g. All animals were divided into 3 groups: 1st group (controls) – intact rats without trauma and treatment; 2nd group – animals after modelling AFCI without treatment; 3rd group – rats after modelling AFCI, which was administered CCBS.
The results of the study indicated the stimulating effect of the components of CCBS on restoration of ultrastructure of the damaged capillaries, increasing their density, as well as the formation of new capillaries. It was found that the average area of the perivascular spaces, which is an indicator of vasogenic edema in rats of group 2 is 45 times higher than that in group 1, while in rats in group 3 treated with CCBS, this figure was exceeded 37 times. The average area of pericellular spaces, indicating the degree of cytotoxic edema, in rats of group 2 on the 7th day after AFCI is almost 23 times higher than the results of group 1. This indicator in rats of group 3 was increased by 20 times compared with group 2. On the 7th day of the experiment in rats of group 2, the surface area of endothelial cells was significantly larger than in rats of groups 1 and 3 by 54.1% and 31.6% respectively.
Neurotrophic therapy is a very promising area of regenerative medicine, which requires further study in the use of growth factors.
Payment for Ecosystem Services in Ukraine: Priority Direction of Revitalization
Authors: Shashula Liudmyla O. , Sakal Oksana V. , Tretiak Nataliia A.
Published: February 2020

The authors of the article are involved in the actualization of the informational and educational campaign on the value of ecosystem services and their assessment in Ukraine. The content of the economic category of public welfare through the prism of ecosystem services, approaches to their classification, assessment and payments are researched. The results of the informational and educational campaign on the value of ecosystem services of Ukraine and the further application of assessment of such services as one of the priority strategic tasks of the country’s environmental policy are analyzed. The terminological, environmental protection and climatic context of state policy in the area of forest ecosystem services in Ukraine is highlighted. It is substantiated that the intensity of nature uses, in particular the use of land resources, forms space in different ways and affects the vulnerability of ecosystems and their stability. It is proved that ecosystem services and land use are directly related, since the intensity of the latter, which causes the formation of spatial transformations, is determined by qualitative and quantitative indicators. Three levels of land use intensity (low, medium, high), which determine changes in the spectrum and quality of ecosystem services are investigated. An economic assessment of ecosystem services in Ukraine are conducted in terms of areas for the following types of land use: agricultural (arable and pasture land), forest and land under bogs. The grouping of regions according to the level of ecosystem transformation and intensity of land use is done. The results of such grouping indicate that the current state of land use governance requires a revision of the existing artificial, unified governance approach. In the future, the activation of the instrument – payment for ecosystem services will increase the level of capitalization and investment attractiveness of both natural assets in general and of land economic assets in particular.
Key words: assessment, welfare, ecosystem, ecosystem service, governance instrument, intensity of land use.
Opportunities and Obstacles for the Development of the IT-Sphere in Ukraine: Economic and Legal Aspect
Authors: Zadorozhnіuk Nataliia А.
Published: February 2020

The article is dedicated to the study of opportunities and obstacles of the IT-sphere development in Ukraine. The work mentions the authorities that regulate and control the subjects of the IT-sphere. The Laws of Ukraine, resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and other normative and legal documents which form the legal basis for the functioning of the IT-sphere are grouped in the article. The article identifies key economic and law issues that have a negative impact on the activities of IT-companies, IT-professionals and business partners, and also inhibits the development of IT-sphere in Ukraine. Such problems include lack of proper comprehensive protection of software product; difficulties in the process of transferring property rights to all IT-products; lack of legal instruments and mechanism for regulating issues related to non-competition in labor relationships; piracy during using software products. The author suggests possible ways of solving each of these economic and law problems of the IT-sphere in Ukraine. The first step in solving these problems is the specification of intellectual property of the IT-professionals and IT-companies work results in the law field. The implementation of this proposal will provide a good basis for further action. The next steps include improving the regulatory framework of Ukraine to ensure legal protection of software products and creating conditions for the simple, transparent and effective process of transferring property rights to IT-products. Having solved these indicated problems of an economic and legal nature, the IT-sphere in Ukraine will be able to fully realize its capabilities: save labor resources, i.e. highly qualified and creative IT-specialists who provide development and implementation of various IT-projects; expand the boundaries of international cooperation in the IT-space; create your own IT-products; develop IT-entrepreneurship in Ukraine, especially innovative.
Key words: cybersecurity, IT-sphere, legal base of the IT-sphere, property rights to IT-products, the security of the software product.
Management of Digital Information Technologies in Digital Economy
Authors: Ivanova Valentina V.
Published: February 2020

The problem of managing digital information technologies in the context of intensified transformation of the economy into a digital one is considered in the article. The tasks of “digitization” of the economy, business environment, socio-cultural relations in modern society are extremely urgent and complex. By and large, Ukraine is just starting to move in that direction. Given the importance and complexity of the tasks, both tactical and strategic, unfolding before economic agents in the study the definitions of “digital economy” and “digital information technology” are offered. The definition of “management of digital information technologies” and the main components of this process are offered. The state of integration of digital technologies in the business processes of enterprises in the European Union countries with the most advanced digital economy is analysed within the study. It was found that digital technologies are sufficiently used in every country, while most people have basic or higher than basic digital skills when conducting research. It has been determined that the main driver for business digitization and integration of digital information technologies into business processes is management staff with relevant competencies, experience, knowledge, skills. Staff (staff, contractors, stakeholders) must have competitive digital skills and skills to manage digital information technology, integrate them into business processes, practical, scientific and engineering consultancy, in particular to develop companies' digital strategies, recruitment and information and communication technology staffing he has tasks to digitize his business. A sufficiently high level of digitalization and integration of digital information technology into the business processes of enterprises is more likely provided by the priority role of managers in these processes, which have sufficiently high digital skills than information and communication technology employees (without denying their role in management decisions).
Key words: digital economy, management of digital information technologies, digital skills, digital information technology, management, staff, competence, skills, business environment.
The Young Adults Form of the Attitude toward Women’s Working Scale: Development, Preliminary Validation and Measurement Invariance
Authors: ERDEM Devrim
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale measuring attitudes toward women’s working. In line with this main purpose, two studies were conducted to develop the tool and investigate its psychometric properties in two different samples. The study 1 started with generating item pool, conducting exploratory factor analysis to identify underlying factor structure of the latent variable. In study 1 after testing the structure of measure, a brief 9-item, tri-factor scale for the assessment of attitudes toward women’s working was emerged. The study 2 utilized a different sample. In study 2, it was aimed to examine model fit, test measurement invariance acroos gender and investigate reliability. Validity and reliability of the scale indicated that the attitude toward women’s working scale (ATWWS) had satisfactory psychometric properties. In study 2, configural and metric invariances of the ATWWS were supported for females and males.
Reflexión sobre el estudio del concepto de justicia tributaria
Authors: González Echavarría Daniela , María Trujillo Vargas Mónica María , Cortés Gil Mauricio
Published: February 2020

La temática planteada para el desarrollo del presente artículo es el concepto de justicia en el ámbito tributario, tratando diferentes matices de este y sus posibles implicaciones económicas, sociales y políticas. El objetivo principal para su elaboración fue analizar el concepto de justicia tributaria, en el marco de los impuestos que se asignan en los diferentes niveles económicos que se encuentran en la sociedad. Se desarrolla de una forma organizada, basado en tres grandes temáticas que abarcan los ámbitos sociológicos, investigativos y tributarios. Para su desarrollo el artículo presenta la reflexión construida con base en revisiones documentales realizadas.Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior se revisan diversas posturas. El concepto de justicia se presta para obtener varias definiciones que se adaptan al contexto en el cual se utiliza, vinculando este concepto con nociones como equidad, sociedad, igualdad, política, evasión y fraude. Además, este concepto define los impuestos que cada contribuyente deberá aportar al fisco, para que exista equidad entre Estado y la sociedad, sin dejar de lado las necesidades que tienen los diferentes gobiernos para el adecuado funcionamiento y cumplimiento de las necesidades básicas de cada individuo
Kuantum Kodlar
Authors: DERTLİ Abdullah , ÇENGELLENMİŞ Yasemin
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmada,u2=1,v3=v ,uv=vu,q=pm   ve p tek asal sayı olmak üzere R=Fq+uFq +vFq+uvFq+v2Fq+uv2Fq    halkası üzerindeki devirli kodlar kullanılarak Fq üzerindeki kuantum kodlar elde edildi. Ayrıca, Fq üzerindeki kuantum kodların parametreleri belirlendi. Bazı örnekler verildi
4-Amino-Tetrahidrokinolin Türevlerinin Organokatalizör Varlığında Sentezi ve Karakterizasyonu
Authors: ZAHRETTİN KAZANCIOĞLU Mustafa
Published: February 2020

4-Aminotetrahidrokinolin türevleri; organo Brønsted asit katalizörü eşliğinde anilin, N-vinilkarbamat ve substitüe halojen içeren aldehitin bir balona konulmasıyla tek kademede sentezlendi. 3 bileşenli Povarov reaksiyonu yöntemi kullanıldı. 4 farklı 4-Aminotetrahidrokinolin türevi sentezlendi ve 1H, 13C, Infrared Spektroskopisi (IR), Erime noktası (EN) ve Yüksek Çözünürlüklü Kütle Spektroskopisi (HRMS) gibi çeşitli metotlar kullanılarak yapı karakterizasyonları yapıldı.
Bulanık Parametreli İkinci Mertebeden Bulanık Sınır Değer Problemi
Authors: ALTINIŞIK Nihat , CEYLAN Tahir
Published: February 2020

Bu makalede iki nokta sınır değer problemi genelleştirilmiş Hukuhara türevi (gh-türev) ile incelenmiştir. Bu yöntemin dört farklı çözümü vardır. Bu çözümler ayrı ayrı incelenerek elde edilen sonuçlar sunulmuştur. Yöntemin uygulanabilirliği bir örnekle gösterilmiştir.
Preparation, Characterization, and Antioxidant Features of Some New Schiff Bases Derived from Isatins and Hydrazine
Authors: MUĞLU Halit , YAKAN Hasan
Published: February 2020

New isatins based on Schiff bases were prepared from hydrazine, 5-substituted isatins, and aldehydes under reflux in ethanol. The structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by using IR, 13C NMR, 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. All the compounds were tested in vitro antioxidant activity with free radical scavenging method using by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH). The results were given with calculated IC50 values.
Inhibition Effect of Eosin Y on Carbonic Anhydrase (CA) I and II Isoenzymes Purified from Human Erythrocytes
Authors: ALIM Zuhal
Published: February 2020

All cells produce carbon dioxide (CO2), which is released as a result of metabolism and must be removed from the body. A large part of this CO2 is converted to bicarbonate by the carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme in erythrocytes and is discarded from the body. So, CA has a vital role in red blood cells. In addition to, CA involved in many other pathological and physiological processes and it was determined that the inhibitors of CA were effective in the treatment and diagnosis of many diseases particularly glaucoma. Considering the importance of the CA's inhibitors, in this study it was intended to research the inhibition effects of Eosin Y on CA I and CA II isoenzymes activity purified from human erythrocytes. Eosin Y is a dye molecule commonly used in histological and medical applications. For this purpose, firstly CA I and CA II isoenzymes were purified from human erythrocytes by using Sepharose-4B-L-tyrosine-sulfanilamide affinity chromatography. Then the inhibitory effect of Eosin Y on the activity of these human erythrocyte CA I (hCA I) and CA II (hCA II) isoenzymes was investigated. It was determined that hCA I and hCA II were inhibited by Eosin Y in the millimolar range. IC50 values were found to be 3.78 mM for hCA I and 2.04 mM for hCA II and Ki values were determined as 9.65±0.968 mM and 7.52±2.88 mM for hCA I and hCA II, respectively. In conclusion, it is hoped that the results obtained in this study may be beneficial in the development of new CA inhibitors which may be drug candidates.
Koruyucu Yardımcı Maddeler Olarak Kullanılan Parabenin Yeni Türevlerinin Sentezi Ve Antimikrobiyal Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: HAKİMOĞLU Mehmet Fatih , TAN Meltem
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmada paraben bileşiklerinin zararlı etkilerini en aza indirecek alternatif bileşiklerin sentezlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Paraben bileşiklerinde yer alan grupların değiştirilmesi sonucu, yeni alternatif bileşiklerin sentezi gerçekleştirilerek yapı karakterizasyonları yapılmıştır. İlaçlarda koruyucu yardımcı maddeler olarak kullanılabilecek potansiyele sahip bu sentetik bileşiklerin antimikrobiyal özelliklerinin araştırılması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla çeşitli gram pozitif ve gram negatif bakterilerden Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Escherichia coli ATCC 36218, Bacillus megaterium DSM-32, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 ve ökaryotik maya olan Candida albicans ATCC10231 ve Yarrowia lipolytica mikroorganizmalarına karşı aktiviteleri incelenmiştir.
Bazı Meyve Ağaçlarının Diri ve Öz Odunlarının Çürüklük Mantarlarına Karşı Anti-fungal Dayanımlarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: Topaloğlu Elif , Ustaömer Derya , Yıldız Sibel
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmada hırnık (Diospyros lotus L.), yenidünya (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) ve zeytin (Olea europaea L.) ağaçlarının diri ve öz odunlarının anti-fungal dayanım özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Anti-fungal test, EN 113 test standardında belirtildiği üzere esmer çürüklük mantarı Coniophora puteana ve beyaz çürüklük mantarı Trametes versicolor kullanılarak yapılmıştır. En yüksek ağırlık kaybı Coniophora puteana mantarı ile muamele edilen hırnık diri odunu örneklerinde gözlenmiştir (%12.04). Her iki mantar türü denemesinde de en dayanıksız tür hırnık olmuştur. C. puteana mantarına karşı en dayanıklı ağaç odunu yenidünya öz odunu, T. versicolor mantarına karşı ise zeytin diri odunu olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda meyve ağacı odunlarının test edilen mantarlara karşı doğal dayanımları hakkında bilgiler edinilmiştir.
Non-linear analysis of composite parts jointed with embedded adhesive under tensile load
Authors: SÜLÜ İsmail Yasin
Published: February 2020

In this study, the composite parts subjected to tensile load were combined with a double-acting adhesive connection and analyzed using the 3D finite element method (FEM). The joint design is important to ensure that the joint is durable, does not take up too much space and has a long service life. In the analysis, carbon / epoxy (AS4 / 3501-6) composite parts with different orientation angles were used and DP410 was used as adhesive. Models for numerical analysis were created using ANSYS 14.5 package program. Finite element analyzes were performed to determine the damage loads. In general, because the damages occur in the adhesive region, the stresses in all directions on the adhesive, shear stresses, von-Mises stress and peel stresses were obtained at the specified failure loads. As a result, the effects of orientation angles, overlap dimensions of the bonded area and adhesive layer were investigated. The most effective parameters were determined for the composite parts joined with embedded double-acting adhesive. Furthermore, it is stated that embedded adhesive connection is important for industrial applications.
Yemlik Börülce (Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp)’ de Tuzluluk Stresinin Çimlenme ve Fide Gelişimine Etkisi
Authors: OKCU Melih
Published: February 2020

Tarımsal üretimde verimi etkileyen en önemli hususlardan biri stres faktörleridir. Bufaktörlerden özellikle tuz stresi; yağışsız ve yarı yağışlı yerlerde verimi oldukça sınırlamaktadır. Baklagilbitkisi olan börülce, insan beslenmesi yanında hayvan yemi olarak da kullanıldığı için önemlidir. Buçalışmada yemlik olarak kullanılan Ülkem yem börülcesi çeşidine farklı NaCl konsantrasyonlarıuygulanmış ve deneme Tesadüf Parselleri Deneme planına göre 10 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür.Sonuçta farklı parametreler bakımından değerlendirilerek tuzluluğa toleransı belirlenmeye çalışılmış vetuz stresinin çimlenme ve fide gelişimini azalttığı ve 90 mM’ın üzerindeki tuzun bitki üzerinde olumsuzetki gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Temel Ekonomik Faktörlerin Katılım 30 Endeksine Etkisi: Şubat 2011-Mayıs 2018 Örneği
Authors: Yiğiter Şule Yüksel , Tanyıldızı Halil
Published: February 2020

Endeksler, sermaye piyasalarında işlem gören hisse senetlerinin performanslarının ölçülmesi amacıyla oluşturulmaktadır. Katılım endeksleri ise parasını sermaye piyasalarında değerlendirmek isteyen ancak birtakım hassasiyetler nedeniyle sermaye piyasalarından uzak duran yatırımcıların sermaye piyasalarına dahil olmasını amaçlayan endekslerdir. Çalışmanın amacı, Katılım 30 Endeksinin Türkiye’deki temel ekonomik faktörlere karşı olan duyarlılığını ortaya koymaktır. Veriler Granger Nedensellik Testi ile Eviews programı marifetiyle incelenmiştir. Bağımlı değişken olarak Katılım 30 Endeksi değerleri bağımsız değişken olarak ise dolar döviz kuru, mevduat faiz oranı ve tüketici fiyat endeksi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre faiz oranlarının, tüketici fiyat endekslerinin ve döviz kurunun Katılım 30 Endeksi üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
A Mixed Methods Study on Using Concept Mapping Assisted English Teaching in A Preparatory Class
Authors: Çay Tolga , Karakuş Fazilet
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study is to examine preparatory students’ concept mapping performances and their views on concept maps in the main course assisted by the concept mapping. In order to full the aims of the study, explanatory sequential design of mixed methods approach is employed. In the quantitative phase of the study, weak experimental design with a single study group was used and the quantitative data were obtained through concept map assessment form developed by the researcher to determine the students' concept mapping performances and the qualitative data were collected by the open-ended questions form, which aims to reveal the opinions of the students on concept maps, developed by the researcher. The concept mapping assisted instruction was applied to the experimental group. The study group is comprised of 14 prep students who take main course at Çağ University. Paired samples t-test analysis was employed for the related samples in order to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the pre-and-post-test concept map performances of the students in the study group. Content analysis method was applied in the analysis of qualitative data. The quantitative results of the study showed a statistically significant difference between pre-and-post-test scores of the study group. In addition, Quantitative results showed that the students' opinions mostly focus on the effect of the concept mapping method on efficiency in education and retention in learning. Regarding the use of the concept mapping method in the course, the students stated that the concept mapping method provided retention in learning, learning in a holistic way, concretizing the concepts, seeing the deficiencies in learning and they find the method effective.
A Novel Sentinel Lymph Node Approach in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Kågedal Åsa , Margolin Gregori , Held Cornelia , da Silva Pedro F. N. , Piersiala Krzysztof , Munck-Wikland Eva , Jacobsson Hans , Häyry Valtteri , Cardell Lars O.
Published: February 2020

Background:

Occult metastases are common in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)
which is why elective neck dissection, adjuvant radiotherapy or watchful waiting have been treatment options
after surgical removal of the primary tumour. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has lately emerged as a novel
possibility in treatment planning.

Objectives:

To establish a reliable and clinically useful protocol for SLNB in staging/elective neck dissection in
oral cancer.

Methods:

Fourteen consecutive patients with T1-T2 N0 oral cancer were enrolled when scheduled for elective
neck dissection.

Results:

This study outlines various techniques for improving SLNB in head and neck cancer. After evaluation, a
combination of techniques was found to constitute a reliable, clinically adaptable work concept. The suggested
procedure starts with the pre-surgical injection of radioactive technetium 99Tcm carried on tilmanocept (Lymphoseek
®) at the tumour site. The radioactivity in the lymph node is then visualized preoperatively with Single
Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT). Intraoperatively, indocyanine green (ICG) is injected and
a sentinel node is visualized with near-infrared light. To support the sentinel node detection, the surgeon uses a
hand-held gamma detection probe. This approach results in a reproducible and reliable detection of sentinel
nodes.

Conclusion:

This paper presents a novel protocol for the identification of the sentinel node in the head and neck
region. The protocol additionally enables the use of flow cytometry analysis of resected lymph nodes.
Detecting Protein-Protein Interaction Based on Protein Fragment Complementation Assay
Authors: Wang Tianwen , Yang Ningning , Liang Chen , Xu Hongjv , An Yafei , Xiao Sha , Zheng Mengyuan , Liu Lu , Wang Gaozhan , Nie Lei
Published: February 2020

Proteins are the most critical executive molecules by responding to the instructions stored in the genetic materials in any form of life. More frequently, proteins do their jobs by acting as a roleplayer that interacts with other protein(s), which is more evident when the function of a protein is examined in the real context of a cell. Identifying the interactions between (or amongst) proteins is very crucial for the biochemistry investigation of an individual protein and for the attempts aiming to draw a holo-picture for the interacting members at the scale of proteomics (or protein-protein interactions mapping). Here, we introduced the currently available reporting systems that can be used to probe the interaction between candidate protein pairs based on the fragment complementation of some particular proteins. Emphasis was put on the principles and details of experimental design. These systems are dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), β-lactamase, tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease, luciferase, β- galactosidase, GAL4, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), green fluorescent protein (GFP), and ubiquitin.
Fluoxetine Protects against Dendritic Spine Loss in Middle-aged APPswe/PSEN1dE9 Double Transgenic Alzheimer’s Disease Mice
Authors: Ma Jing , Gao Yuan , Tang Wei , Huang Wei , Tang Yong
Published: February 2020

Background:

Studies have suggested that cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated
with dendritic spine loss, especially in the hippocampus. Fluoxetine (FLX) has been shown to improve
cognition in the early stage of AD and to be associated with diminishing synapse degeneration in the
hippocampus. However, little is known about whether FLX affects the pathogenesis of AD in the middle-tolate
stage and whether its effects are correlated with the amelioration of hippocampal dendritic dysfunction.
Previously, it has been observed that FLX improves the spatial learning ability of middleaged APP/PS1 mice.

Objective:

In the present study, we further characterized the impact of FLX on dendritic spines in the hippocampus
of middle-aged APP/PS1 mice.

Results:

It has been found that the numbers of dendritic spines in dentate gyrus (DG), CA1 and CA2/3 of hippocampus
were significantly increased by FLX. Meanwhile, FLX effectively attenuated hyperphosphorylation
of tau at Ser396 and elevated protein levels of postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) and synapsin-1 (SYN-1) in
the hippocampus.

Conclusion:

These results indicated that the enhanced learning ability observed in FLX-treated middle-aged
APP/PS1 mice might be associated with remarkable mitigation of hippocampal dendritic spine pathology by
FLX and suggested that FLX might be explored as a new strategy for therapy of AD in the middle-to-late
stage.
Deep Learning Techniques for Diabetic Retinopathy Detection
Authors: Qummar Sehrish , Khan Fiaz Gul , Shah Sajid , Khan Ahmad , Din Ahmad , Gao Jinfeng
Published: February 2020

Diabetes occurs due to the excess of glucose in the blood that may affect many organs
of the body. Elevated blood sugar in the body causes many problems including Diabetic Retinopathy
(DR). DR occurs due to the mutilation of the blood vessels in the retina. The manual detection
of DR by ophthalmologists is complicated and time-consuming. Therefore, automatic detection is
required, and recently different machine and deep learning techniques have been applied to detect
and classify DR. In this paper, we conducted a study of the various techniques available in the literature
for the identification/classification of DR, the strengths and weaknesses of available datasets
for each method, and provides the future directions. Moreover, we also discussed the different
steps of detection, that are: segmentation of blood vessels in a retina, detection of lesions, and other
abnormalities of DR.
Investigation of New Inhibitors of UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine Enolpyruvyl Transferase (MurA) by Virtual Screening with Antibacterial Assessment
Authors: Boulhissa Ilham , Chikhi Abdelouahab , Bensegueni Abderrahmane , Ghattas Mohammad A. , Mokrani El H. , Alrawashdeh Sara , Obaid Dana E.E.
Published: February 2020

Background:

Considering the interesting role in the peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway,
the enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase is an attractive target to develop
new antibacterial agents. It catalyzes the first key step of this pathway and its inhibition leads to
bacterial cell death. Fosfomycin is known as the natural inhibitor of MurA.

Objective:

The study aimed to introduce new inhibitors of MurA by virtual screening of different
chemical compounds libraries, and test the best scored “virtual hits” against three pathogenic bacteria:
Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus.

Methods:

A virtual screening of the structural analogues of fosfomycin downloaded from the Pub-
Chem database was performed. Moreover, French National Chemical Library and ZINC database
were also utilized to identify new structures different from fosfomycin. FlexX was the software used
for this study. The antibacterial testing was divided into two methods: disk diffusion and broth dilution.

Results:

A set of virtual hits was found to have better energy score than that of fosfomycin, seven
of them were tested in vitro. In addition, the disk diffusion method explored four compounds that
exhibited antibacterial activity: CID-21680357 (fosfomycin analogue), AB-00005001,
ZINC04658565, and ZINC901335. The testing was continued by broth dilution method for both
compounds CID-21680357 and ZINC901335 to determine their minimum inhibitory concentrations,
and ZINC901335 had the best value with 457μg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus.

Conclusion:

Four compounds were found and proven in silico and in vitro to have antibacterial activity: CID-21680357, AB-00005001, ZINC04658565, and ZINC901335.
Effect on Adipose Tissue of Diabetic Mice Supplemented with n-3 Fatty Acids Extracted from Microalgae
Authors: Gutiérrez-Pliego Laura E. , Martínez-Carrillo Beatriz E. , Reséndiz-Albor Aldo A. , Valdés-Ramos Roxana
Published: February 2020

Background:

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is considered a chronic noncommunicable
disease in which oxidative stress is expected as a result of hyperglycaemia. One of the most recent
approaches is the study of microalgae fatty acids and their possible antioxidant effect.

Objective:

This study aimed to analyse the effect of supplementation with n-3 fatty acids extracted
from microalgae on the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid peroxidation of adipose tissue and
plasma from diabetic (db/db) and healthy (CD1) mice.

Methods:

Mice were supplemented with lyophilized n-3 fatty acids extracted from microalgae or
added to the diet, from week 8 to 16. TAC assay and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances assay
(TBARS) were performed on adipose tissue and plasma samples.

Results:

The supplementation of lyophilized n-3 fatty acids from microalgae increased the total antioxidant
capacity in adipose tissue of diabetic mice (615.67μM Trolox equivalents vs 405.02μM
Trolox equivalents from control mice, p<0.01) and in the plasma of healthy mice (1132.97±85.75μM
Trolox equivalents vs 930.64±32μM Trolox equivalents from modified diet mice, p<0.01). There was
no significant effect on lipid peroxidation on both strains.

Conclusions::

The use of n-3 fatty acids extracted from microalgae could be a useful strategy to improve
total antioxidant capacity in T2DM.
Fabrication and Characterization of Ocular Phase Transition Systems for Blepharitis: A Novel Approach
Authors: Verma Deepali , Kaul Shreya , Jain Neha , Nagaich Upendra
Published: February 2020

Introduction:

In the present research, erythromycin estolate loaded in-situ gel was formulated
and evaluated for blepharitis in order to improve its therapeutic efficacy, precorneal residence
time of the system and to enhance the ocular bioavailability.

Material and Methods:

The developed formulation was characterized by several parameters viz.
FTIR, clarity, pH, gelation temperature, rheological studies, drug content, in vitro drug release studies,
transcorneal permeation studies, bioadhesion studies, isotonicity and stability studies.

Results:

The optimized formulation exhibited non-fickian release diffusion with a sustained release of
drug 82.76 ± 0.94% up to 8h and drug content 93.64%. Isotonicity revealed that the formulation was
isotonic in nature and there was no shrinkage and busting of cells. Bioadhesion study was performed to
check the adherence of the prepared in situ gel to the corneal surface for 4h. Ex vivo transcorneal permeation
was observed to be significantly higher when compared with market eye drops. Histopathological
studies were conducted to confirm the presence of normal ocular surface tissues by maintaining
their morphological structures without causing damage to the tissues. The formulation was nonirritant
as confirmed by the HET-CAM test. Stability studies and accelerated stability studies were
conducted for 13 weeks and 26 weeks respectively and formulations were analyzed for the visual appearance,
pH, viscosity, gelling capacity, drug content and in vitro drug release and results showed no
change in the formulations.

Conclusion:

The formulation was therapeutically efficacious, sterile, stable and provided controlled
release over a period of time. The developed system could be a viable alternative to conventional eye
drops for treatment of various ocular diseases.
Multiuser Detection Schemes Based on Families of OMP and MUSIC Algorithms for Uplink Grant Free NOMA Wireless Communications Systems
Authors: Oyerinde Olutayo O.
Published: February 2020

Background and Objective:

The Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technology
is a multi-access scheme that overcomes most of the disadvantages of its predecessor, the
OMA technology. Specifically, NOMA technology supports massive connectivity of multiple users
by employing the same non-orthogonal spectrum resource. In an uplink NOMA system with
grant-free transmission mode, the Base Station (BS) is unaware of which users are active in the
networks at a given time. Consequently, there is a need for mechanism to ensure successful recovery
of users’ transmitted signals. This paper presents some new Multiuser Detector (MUD)
schemes for uplink grant-free NOMA wireless communication networks with system’s model involving
Multiple Measurement Vectors (MMV) rather than the Single Measurement Vector
(SMV) that many previous works have considered. These MUDs include those that are based on
differential Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP), adaptive Simultaneous OMP (SOMP), compressive-
multiple signal classification (MUSIC), and sequential compressive-MUSIC algorithms.

Methods:

The MUDs are employed in the detection of users’ signals in the uplink NOMA systems.

Results and Discussion:

Comparative performances of these MUDs with another one that is also
based on the MMV system model, the SOMP-based MUD are presented for the scenarios when
the system is under-loaded, fully loaded and over-loaded.

Conclusion:

The results suggest that the sequential compressive-MUSIC-based MUD, though
shows weak performance at lower range of SNR, outperforms all the other MUDs including the
SOMP-based MUD at higher SNR. Its performance is quite outstanding during the over-loaded
scenarios, especially at higher SNR. However, its computational complexity is higher that the
closely performing compressive-MUSIC-based MUD and SOMP-based MUD.
Incorporating Breast Cancer Recurrence Events Into Population-Based Cancer Registries Using Medical Claims: Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: A'mar Teresa , Beatty J David , Fedorenko Catherine , Markowitz Daniel , Corey Thomas , Lange Jane , Schwartz Stephen M , Huang Bin , Chubak Jessica , Etzioni Ruth
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND

There is a need for automated approaches to incorporate information on cancer recurrence events into population-based cancer registries.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of a novel data mining algorithm to extract information from linked registry and medical claims data on the occurrence and timing of second breast cancer events (SBCE).

METHODS

We used supervised data from 3092 stage I and II breast cancer cases (with 394 recurrences), diagnosed between 1993 and 2006 inclusive, of patients at Kaiser Permanente Washington and cases in the Puget Sound Cancer Surveillance System. Our goal was to classify each month after primary treatment as pre- versus post-SBCE. The prediction feature set for a given month consisted of registry variables on disease and patient characteristics related to the primary breast cancer event, as well as features based on monthly counts of diagnosis and procedure codes for the current, prior, and future months. A month was classified as post-SBCE if the predicted probability exceeded a probability threshold (PT); the predicted time of the SBCE was taken to be the month of maximum increase in the predicted probability between adjacent months.

RESULTS

The Kaplan-Meier net probability of SBCE was 0.25 at 14 years. The month-level receiver operating characteristic curve on test data (20% of the data set) had an area under the curve of 0.986. The person-level predictions (at a monthly PT of 0.5) had a sensitivity of 0.89, a specificity of 0.98, a positive predictive value of 0.85, and a negative predictive value of 0.98. The corresponding median difference between the observed and predicted months of recurrence was 0 and the mean difference was 0.04 months.

CONCLUSIONS

Data mining of medical claims holds promise for the streamlining of cancer registry operations to feasibly collect information about second breast cancer events.