bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis and experimentation of variable gap magnetorheological transmission device driven by electromagnetic force
Authors: Gong Hang , Huang Jin
Published: February 2024

To solve the problems of poor transmission performance and small torque regulation range of traditional MR device, a variable working gap MRF transmission device driven by electromagnetic force is proposed. The device uses electromagnetic force driving the squeeze disk to move axially to squeeze the MRF, thereby changing the number of working gaps and effective working thickness of the MRF to improve the transmission performance of the MR device. Based on the coil magnetization effect, the relationship between current, magnetic field intensity, and electromagnetic force is established. According to the driving characteristics of electromagnetic force and the rheological characteristics of MRF, a nonlinear function relationship between electromagnetic force and MRF working gap thickness and working volume is derived. Using the finite element method, a theoretical analysis of the magnetic circuit design, magnetic field distribution and temperature change profile in different parts of MRF device with different currents was conducted, the MRF torque transfer equations were deduced and calculated, and experimentally verified the correctness of the theoretical equations. Finally, the transmission performance of the variable working gap MRF transmission device is tested through the established testing system. Results show that, the required squeeze force is 6.65 kN when the MRF thickness reaches 1 mm in both working gaps. As the current increases from 0.5 to 3.0 A, the electromagnetic force increases from 0.65 to 6.77 kN, with an increase of 972.3%, the average temperature of the MRF in working gap I increases from 25.2°C to 71.2°C and the MRF in working gap II increases from 23.5°C to 48.3°C. When the current is 1.5 A, the MRF in the working gap I reaches magnetic saturation, continue to increase the current to 3.0 A, the MRF thickness in both working gaps is 1 mm, and the MR device transmits torque reach 376.6 N·m, which is 72.3% higher than that of the traditional MR device.
Weight Gain of Infants with Robin Sequence Treated Nonsurgically Using the Stanford Orthodontic Airway Plate (SOAP): 1-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Choo HyeRan , Davis Alexis S. , Bain Lisa C. , Ahn HyoWon
Published: February 2024

Objective

To identify weight gain trends of infants with Robin sequence (RS) treated by the Stanford Orthodontic Airway Plate treatment (SOAP).

Design

Retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

Setting

Single tertiary referral hospital.

Patients

Eleven infants with RS treated with SOAP.

Interventions

Nonsurgical SOAP.

Main Outcome Measures

Body weight, Weight-for-age (WFA) Z-scores, and WFA percentiles at birth (T0), SOAP delivery (T1), SOAP graduation (T2), and 12-months old (T3).

Results

Between T0 and T1, the weight increased but the WFA percentile decreased from 36.5% to 15.1%, and the Z-score worsened from −0.43 to −1.44. From T1 to T2, the percentile improved to 22.55% and the Z-score to −0.94. From T2 to T3, the percentile and the Z-scores further improved to 36.59% and −0.48, respectively.

Conclusions

SOAP provided infants experiencing severe respiratory distress and oral feeding difficulty with an opportunity to gain weight commensurate with the WHO healthy norms without surgical intervention.
How Does VR Affect Emotional Appeal and Persuasiveness of Gain Versus Loss-Framed Messages?
Authors: Liao Mengqi , Sajjadi Pejman , Sundar S. Shyam
Published: February 2024

Can virtual reality (VR) lead to more desirable persuasion effects than videos in communicating the science of contentious issues like climate change? And, will these effects differ between messages that offer hope versus fear? We addressed these questions with a 2 (Modality: Desktop VR vs. Unidirectional video) × 2 (framing: Gain vs. Loss) between-subjects experiment ( N = 130), and found that VR triggered more fearful responses, which in turn led to more persuasive outcomes. It also increased individuals’ attitudes toward climate change mitigation policy when the experience was loss-framed, but backfired when the experience was gain-framed. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Positive Deviance Underlies Successful Science: Normative Methodologies Risk Throwing out the Baby With the Bathwater
Authors: Phaf R. Hans
Published: February 2024

Successful science needs deviant ideas that may challenge established norms. The last decade saw an unprecedented science-engineering project, with strict rules on preregistration, statistical testing, result-independent guaranteed publication, replication, and openness badging being enforced by psychological journals. These normative methodologies seek to prevent failure (negative deviance) rather than promote success (positive deviance), and run counter to the historical development of successful science. By narrowly focusing on research data, while avoiding theoretical bias, they are inadequate for tackling, often intractable, scientific problems. Instead, unconventional, exceptional, and even initially implausible hypotheses should be fostered. A novel connection is drawn between positive deviance and the unplanned, haphazard evolution of successful science. Hypotheses compete for the highest fitness while probing an ever-changing, infinitely wide, empirical and theoretical landscape. The winner constitutes the positive deviant, but always remains subject to future competition. Losing negative deviants, which may share characteristics with winners, become irrelevant, sometimes long after their inception, and eventually sink into oblivion. Normative methodologies aim to curb negative deviants at their source, but also cut off positive deviants and may freeze successful science. More room for deviance and a theory primacy are advocated, allowing research to generate discovery and innovation in psychological science.
Validating a Conceptual Model on Topical Fluoride Hesitancy With Latino Parents
Authors: Cruz Stephanie , Holland Haley , Chi Donald L.
Published: February 2024

Fluoride hesitancy is a growing public health challenge and interventions to address it may need to be tailored for minoritized subgroups to address oral health inequities. The goals of this qualitative study were to investigate the extent to which an existing conceptual model on topical fluoride hesitancy is applicable to Latino parents and whether applicability differed between Spanish-speaking Latino (SL) and English-speaking Latino (EL) parents. We conducted semi-structured one-on-one interviews with non-Latino English-speaking parents ( N = 50), SL parents ( n = 8), and EL parents ( n = 8). We coded the transcripts deductively and compared our findings both qualitatively and quantitatively to an existing model on topical fluoride hesitancy comprising 21 categories classified into six domains. We compared frequencies across model domains and categories for Latino versus non-Latino parents as well as for SL versus EL parents. Latino parents were represented across all six domains and 21 categories of the conceptual model. Comparing Latino and non-Latino parents, representation was similar across Domains 1 to 3 (necessity, chemicals, and harm); Latino parents were more highly represented in Domains 4 to 6 (uncertainty, pressure, and choice) compared with non-Latino parents. A larger proportion of EL parents thought a healthy diet was more important than fluoride (Category 1d) and a larger proportion of SL parents felt they did not know enough about fluoride (Category 4a). An existing conceptual model on topical fluoride hesitancy was generally a good fit for SL and EL parents. However, differential representation across model categories suggests that fluoride-related communication and intervention approaches may need to be tailored to Latino parents based on language preference.
Optimal retractor insertion point for nerve safety during total hip arthroplasty: an anatomical study on the femoral and sciatic nerves in relation to hip motion
Authors: Okamoto Masakazu , Uchihara Yoshinobu , Saito Kenichiro , Inagaki Yusuke , Mahakkanukrauh Pasuk , Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: February 2024

Background:

Nerve injury is one of the most serious complications of total hip arthroplasty (THA). It is suspected to be a result from nerve compression or direct injury caused by an acetabular retractor. The anatomical relationship between the acetabular rim and the femoral and sciatic nerves, including hip motion, has not been investigated. This study aimed to identify the optimal position for retractor insertion during THA to prevent nerve damage.

Methods:

A total of 28 hip joints from 14 freshly frozen cadavers were used. Using an anterolateral approach, each cadaver was immobilised in the lateral decubitus position and deployed to measure the distance between the nerves and the acetabular rim, while the hip joint was changed to the extension, neutral, and flexion positions.

Results:

Three femoral nerves were closest to the anterior margin of the acetabulum at 90° and 120° of extension and farthest away at 30° of flexion. The sciatic nerve was closest to the posterior margin of the acetabulum at 90° and 120° of flexion and farthest away at 30° and 150° of extension compared with the other points.

Conclusions:

To prevent nerve damage during THA, we suggest that the retractor be inserted at the points where the nerves are the farthest away, such as at 30° and 150°. The femoral and sciatic nerves vary in their movements depending on the hip position. Therefore, the safe insertion of a retractor is recommended for hip flexion of the femoral nerve and extension of the sciatic nerve. Additionally, it is important to carefully insert the retractor along the acetabular margin without penetrating the joint capsule. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the anatomical location and movement of the femoral and sciatic nerves in relation to hip motion and can help inform surgical techniques for safer THA.
Reconstruction of proximal hamstring ruptures restores joint biomechanics during various walking conditions
Authors: Mauch Marlene , Nüesch Corina , Bühl Linda , Chocholac Tomas , Mündermann Annegret , Stoffel Karl
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

We aimed to examine the functional outcome in different walking conditions in elderly adults who underwent surgical repair after a non-contact hamstring injury. Our objective was to compare lower limb kinematics and kinetics over the entire gait cycle between the injured and contralateral leg in overground and level and uphill treadmill walking.

Methods:

12 patients (mean ± SD, age: 65 ± 9 years; body mass index: 30 ± 6 kg/m2) walked at self-selected speed in overground (0% slope) and treadmill conditions (0% and 10% slope). We measured spatiotemporal parameters, joint angles (normalised to gait cycle) and joint moments (normalised to stance phase) of the hip, knee and ankle. Data between sides were compared using paired sample t-tests ( p  < 0.05) and continuous 95% confidence intervals of the paired difference between trajectories.

Results:

Patients walked at an average speed of 1.31 ± 0.26 m/second overground and 0.92 ± 0.31 m/second on the treadmill. Spatiotemporal parameters were comparable between the injured and contralateral leg ( p  > 0.05). Joint kinematic and joint kinetic trajectories were comparable between sides for all walking conditions.

Conclusions:

Refixation of the proximal hamstring tendons resulted in comparable ambulatory mechanics at least 1 year after surgery in the injured leg and the contralateral leg, which were all within the range of normative values reported in the literature. These results complement our previous findings on hamstring repair in terms of clinical outcomes and muscle strength and support that surgical repair achieves good functional outcomes in terms of ambulation in an elderly population.

Trial registration:

clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04867746).
Taking and Making Place Through Sound: From the Phonotope to the Phonocene
Authors: Bocquillon Rémy
Published: February 2024

Although the spatiality of sounding and listening practices has been broadly and deeply discussed within humanities in general and sound studies in particular, the implications of such “place-taking” and “place-making” characteristics remain highly relevant nowadays. Starting from Peter Sloterdijk’s concept of the phonotope, through which sound and space are closely related in the production of social, it will be argued, following philosopher and ethologist Vinciane Despret, that the importance of sound for “making place” matters far beyond human-centered thought. In what she calls the Phonocene, Despret invites us not only to listen to others, humans and nonhumans, but also to compose with multiple modes of existence, through the sonic. In short, the Phonocene addresses the importance of sonic thinking, which, for instance in sociology, challenges hegemonic and anthropocentric practices of knowledge production. Experimenting with “thinking-with sounds” within social sciences and philosophy thus implies not only to understand the spatiality inherent to the practices of sounding and listening, but to engage with those practices critically, as they are also always “situated,” in the sense of Donna Haraway, and therefore, in the midst of multiple “interests,” as understood in Actor-Network Theory, including a multiplicity of human, nonhuman, and more-than-human actors.
Utilizing design of experiments techniques to determine the optimal coefficient of friction in spur gears
Authors: Sanoussi Naser S , Hammami Maroua , Feki Nabih , Belgasam Tarek , Abbes Mohamed Slim , Haddar Mohamed
Published: February 2024

The friction occurring between the teeth of gears is a significant contributor to energy loss in gear drives. Factors like the load, speed, and coefficient of friction (µ) play a crucial role in determining the extent of frictional losses in gears. The coefficient of friction (µ) is a complex function influenced by various tribological parameters, including rolling, and sliding velocities, normal load at the tooth contact zone, oil temperature, and contact surface roughness. To analyze the impact of design and operating parameters on the coefficient of friction, a comprehensive statistical parametric approach was employed, combining numerical and statistical methods. The study employed a design of experiments methodology to numerically examine the impact of various tribological factors on the coefficient of friction. This methodology facilitated the identification of primary effects and crucial factors that have a significant impact on the variable µ. The findings derived from the computational models were subsequently compared with the discoveries of pre-existing investigations that includes both experimental and theoretical approaches. The proposed method represents a powerful tool for understanding the relationship and correlation between major tribological factors and the coefficient of friction. By employing this approach, it becomes possible to identify optimized tribological parameters. This information is valuable in improving the design and operation of gear systems, with the aim of reducing energy loss due to friction and enhancing overall efficiency.
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for depressed individuals with multiple sclerosis: A pilot study
Authors: Rovaris Marco , Toselli Elena , Mendozzi Laura , Di Tella Sonia , Pirastru Alice , Blasi Valeria , Baglio Francesca , Ostacoli Luca , D’Abramo Alessandra , Incerti Alessia , Fernandez Isabel , Pagnini Francesco , Cavalera Cesare
Published: February 2024

Background:

Multiple studies have highlighted elevated rates of depression among individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), with its associated symptoms posing a significant threat to overall well-being. Moreover, existing literature suggests a potential interconnection between depressive manifestations and the decline of physical functionalities in the context of MS.

Objective:

to examine the viability of the Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy protocol for the treatment of depressive disorders (DeprEND) for alleviating depression in individuals with MS.

Methods:

We conducted a process–outcome study to examine the feasibilty and effectiveness DeprEND enrolling 13 individuals with MS and depressive symtpoms. Psychological and physical assessment pre-, post-intervention and 3-month follow-up were included. Pre- and post-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were conducted to analyze potential alterations in brain function.

Results:

The EMDR DeprEND treatment showed a high level of adherence and feasibility. Significant reductions in depressive symptoms were found at post-intervention and at 3 months follow-up. No significant differences were observed in terms of physical symptoms. A significant modulation observed in parietal and premotor areas when examining negative valence stimuli post-treatment was found.

Conclusion:

for The EMDR DeprEND protocol may represent a feasible and cost-effective treatment for reducing depressive symptoms in MS patients and improving their mental well-being.
2.5-Year changes of connectivity dynamism are relevant for physical and cognitive deterioration in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Rocca Maria A , D’Amore Giulia , Valsasina Paola , Tedone Nicolò , Meani Alessandro , Filippi Massimo
Published: February 2024

Background:

In MS, functional connectivity (FC) dynamism may influence disease evolution.

Objectives:

The objective is to assess time-varying functional connectivity (TVFC) changes over time at 2.5-year follow-up in MS patients according to physical and cognitive worsening.

Methods:

We collected 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for TVFC assessment (performed using sliding-window analysis of centrality) and clinical evaluations at baseline and 2.5-year follow-up from 28 healthy controls and 129 MS patients. Of these, 79 underwent baseline and follow-up neuropsychological assessment. At 2.5 years, physical/cognitive worsening was defined according to disability/neuropsychological score changes.

Results:

At follow-up, 25/129 (19.3%) MS patients worsened physically and 14/79 (17.7%) worsened cognitively. At baseline, MS patients showed reduced TVFC versus controls. At 2.5-year follow-up, no TVFC changes were detected in controls. Conversely, TVFC decreased over time in parieto-temporal regions in stable MS patients and in default-mode network in worsened MS. In physically worsened MS, basal ganglia TVFC reductions were also found. Reduced TVFC over time in the putamen in physically worsened and reduced TVFC in the precuneus in cognitively worsened were significant versus stable MS.

Discussion:

At 2.5-year follow-up, default-mode network TVFC reductions were found in worsening MS. Moreover, reduced deep gray matter TVFC characterized physically worsened patients, whereas precuneus involvement characterized cognitively worsened MS patients.
Fatal feminisation: Problematising endocrine-disrupting chemicals in Denmark
Authors: Kroløkke Charlotte Halmø , Bang Anne Nørkjær , Hvidtfeldt Karen
Published: February 2024

While an average everyday life in Denmark is vastly permeated with – and reliant upon – endocrine-disrupting chemicals; these invisible, yet active and mobile, compounds are often viewed as agents of disturbance causing harm in bodies and ecosystems as well as blurring boundaries upholding the two-sex system. In this article, we investigate how endocrine-disrupting chemicals came into existence as a problem for policy in Denmark. Drawing on a feminist cultural science studies framework and Carol Bacchi’s ‘What’s the problem represented to be?’ (WPR) analytical approach, we ask how endocrine-disrupting chemicals are problematised and what troubled figures emerge out of this problematisation for the Danish government and experts to address. Our analysis shows that endocrine-disrupting chemicals become embedded in a fear of feminisation that positions men, unborn children, and non-human (male) animals as potential victims of chemical exposure. Meanwhile, the female consumer and the woman/mother emerge as especially responsible for managing endocrine-disrupting chemicals. The article concludes that while feminisation is positioned as destabilising the social order, embodied by the nuclear family of fatally feminised figures, toxicity is constructed as transgressing interspecies, intergenerational and national borders.
Workplace sexual and gender-based harassment in Denmark: a comparison of the self-labelling and behavioural list method
Authors: Dahl Nielsen Maj Britt , Andersen Alberte Boukaidi , Grundtvig Gry , Sørensen Kathrine , Andersen Josefine Ranfelt , Larsson Nanna P. , Skov Sofie Smedegaard , Folker Anna Paldam , Kjær Susie , Aldrich Per Tybjerg , Rugulies Reiner , Clausen Thomas , H. Madsen Ida E.
Published: February 2024

Aim:

Knowledge about the prevalence of sexual and gender-based harassment is hampered by disagreements about definitions and measurement methods. The two most common measurement methods are the self-labelling (a single question about exposure to sexual harassment) and the behavioural list method (an inventory of sexually harassing behaviours). The aim of this paper was to compare the self-labelling and the behavioural list methods for measuring sexual harassment and assess the association with depressive symptoms.

Methods:

The study is based on a convenience sample of 1686 individuals employed in 29 workplaces in Denmark. Survey data were collected from November 2020 until June 2021 and there were 1000 participants with full data on key variables. We used a linear mixed-effects model to examine the relationship between sexual harassment and depressive symptoms.

Results:

In total, 2.5% self-labelled as being sexually harassed, while 19.0% reported exposure to at least one type of sexual and gender-based harassment using the behavioural list method. Both groups reported higher levels of depressive symptoms compared with non-exposed employees. The most common types of behaviours were: that someone spoke derogatorily about women/men (11.6%); being belittled because of one’s gender or sexuality (4.7%); and unwanted comments about one’s body, clothes or lifestyle (4.5%).

Conclusions:

The behavioural list method yielded a higher prevalence of sexual and gender-based harassment compared with the self-labelling method. Self-labelling and reporting at least one type of sexual and gender-based harassment was associated with depressive symptoms.
Considerations for effective use of moral exemplars in education: Based on the self-determination theory and data syntheses
Authors: Han Hyemin , Graham Marja
Published: February 2024

The present study aimed to examine how to improve the effectiveness of moral exemplar-applied interventions based on the pillars of the self-determination theory framework, autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Past research has mainly focused on the relatedness and attainability of moral exemplars for predicting motivation outcomes. The data for this study consisted of synthesized data sets from previous studies examining the motivational impacts of distinct moral exemplars and intervention methods. The main syntheses for these data sets used multilevel modeling focusing on relatability, attainability, and intervention methods, corresponding to relatedness, competence, and autonomy in the self-determination theory, respectively, as predictors. In general, there was a significant interaction effect between the attainability or relatability, and the intervention method. Autonomous instruction methods, which support autonomy, were demonstrated to boost motivational outcomes. Implications from this study support the employment of self-determination theory to examine the use of moral exemplars in moral education and were consistent with previous exemplar studies.
A novel material selection method and application in an aqueous environment containing CO2, H2S, O2 and SO2
Authors: Liao Kexi , Leng Jihui , Yan Yongbo , He Tengjiao , Lv Xidi , Liu Xin , Qin Min , Zhao Shuai , Cheng Y. Frank
Published: February 2024

The corrosion in the aqueous environment of CO2–H2S–O2–SO2 is extremely severe, causing frequent failures of pipeline and posing a challenging issue for material selection. This paper drew on excellent standards and past experiences to provide a suitable method for selecting materials. The method consisted of four components: standard primary selection, corrosion evaluation selection, mechanical property selection, and economic final selection. A case study demonstrated that the applicable materials for the environment (total pressure of 1.5 MPa, temperature of 30–120 °C, H2S content of 0.1–1.5%, CO2 content of 8–55%, SO2 content of 0–0.00015% and O2 content of 1–3%) were composed of 2Cr13 or 316L. Additionally, the main control factors for corrosion rate were ranked as follows: O2 > H2S > temperature > CO2 > SO2. And a reduction in mechanical properties was observed for 2Cr13, 316L, and 825 after corrosion.
Studying Microbial Ecology of Diabetic Foot Infections: Significance of PCR Analysis for Prudent Antimicrobial Stewardship
Authors: Jaber Deema , Younes Nidal , Khalil Enam , Albsoul-Younes Abla , Zawiah Mohammed , Al-Bakri Amal G.
Published: February 2024

This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the microbial ecology of diabetic foot infections (DFIs), using molecular-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis to accurately identify the causative agents. One hundred DFI patients were recruited and classified using the Depth Extent Phase and Associated Etiology (DEPA) score according to their severity. Results revealed polymicrobial infections in 75% of cases, predominantly featuring Staphylococcus epidermidis (83%) and Staphylococcus aureus (63%). Importantly, 20% of samples exhibited facultative anaerobes Bacteroides fragilis or Clostridium perfringens, exclusively in high DEPA score ulcers. Candida albicans coinfection was identified in 19.2% of cases, underscoring the need for mycological evaluation. Empirical antimicrobial therapy regimens were tailored to DEPA severity, yet our findings highlighted a potential gap in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) coverage. Despite an 88% prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci, vancomycin usage was suboptimal. This raises concerns about the underestimation of MRSA risk and the need for tailored antibiotic guidelines. Our study demonstrates the efficacy of molecular-PCR analysis in identifying diverse microbial communities in DFIs, influencing targeted antibiotic choices. The results advocate for refined antimicrobial guidelines, considering regional variations in microbial patterns and judiciously addressing multidrug-resistant strains. This research contributes crucial insights for optimizing DFIs management and helps the physicians to have a fast decision in selection the suitable antibiotic for each patient and to decrease the risk of bacterial resistance from the improper use of broad-spectrum empirical therapies.
Efficacy of Moxibustion for Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bae Hye-Ri , Kim Eun-Ji , Ahn Yo-Chan , Cho Jung-Hyo , Son Chang-Gue , Lee Nam-Hun
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, and most patients experience fatigue. However, there are no effective treatments for cancer-related fatigue (CRF). Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have suggested that moxibustion improves CRF. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the differences in fatigue scale scores, quality of life, and clinical efficacy in patients with breast cancer who developed CRF and did versus did not receive moxibustion.

Methods:

RCTs were searched in 7 databases using a standardized search method from database inception to March 2023, and RCTs that met the inclusion criteria were selected.

Results:

Among 1337 initially identified RCTs, 10 RCTs involving 744 participants were selected for this study. The meta-analysis involved assessment of the revised Piper Fatigue Scale scores, Cancer Fatigue Scale scores, Karnofsky Performance Scale scores, Athens Insomnia Scale scores, clinical efficacy, and Qi deficiency syndrome scale scores. Compared with the control, moxibustion was associated with significantly better Piper Fatigue Scale scores ( P < 0.0001), quality of life [Karnofsky Performance Scale scores ( P < 0.0001)], clinical efficacy ( P = 0.0007), and Qi deficiency syndrome scale scores ( P = 0.02).

Conclusions:

Moxibustion improves CRF in patients with breast cancer. The efficacy of moxibustion should be further examined by high-quality studies in various countries with patients subdivided by their breast cancer treatment status.

Registration:

PROSPERO ID: CRD42023451292
The Herbal Combination Shu Gan Jie Yu Regulates the SNCG/ER-a/AKT-ERK Pathway in DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer and Breast Cancer Cell Lines Based on RNA-Seq and IPA Analysis
Authors: Zhao Yi , Zhao Linan , Wang Tao , Liu Zhenghao , Tang Suyuan , Huang Hongxia , Wu Li , Sun Youzhi
Published: February 2024

Background:

Soothing the liver (called Shu Gan Jie Yu in Chinese, SGJY) is a significant therapeutic method for breast cancer in TCM. In this study, 3 liver-soothing herbs, including Cyperus rotundus L., Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle and Rosa rugosa Thunb. were selected and combined to form a SGJY herbal combinatory.

The Aim of the Study:

To investigate the inhibiting effect of SGJY on breast cancer in vivo and vitro, and to explore the potential mechanisms.

Materials and Methods:

SGJY herbal combination was extracted using water. A breast cancer rat model was developed by chemical DMBA by gavage, then treated with SGJY for 11 weeks. The tumor tissue was preserved for RNA sequencing and analyzed by IPA software. The inhibition effects of SGJY on MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells were investigated by SRB assay and cell apoptosis analysis, and the protein expression levels of SNCG, ER-α, p-AKT and p-ERK were measured by western blotting.

Results:

SGJY significantly reduced the tumor weight and volume, and the level of estradiol in serum. The results of IPA analysis reveal SGJY upregulated 7 canonical pathways and downregulated 16 canonical pathways. Estrogen receptor signaling was the key canonical pathway with 9 genes downregulated. The results of upstream regulator analysis reveal beta-estradiol was the central target; the upstream regulator network scheme showed that 86 genes could affect the expression of the beta-estradiol, including SNCG, CCL21 and MB. Additionally, SGJY was verified to significantly alter the expression of SNCG mRNA, CCL21 mRNA and MB mRNA which was consistent with the data of RNA-Seq. The inhibition effects of SGJY exhibited a dose-dependent response. The apoptosis rates of MCF7 and T47D cells were upregulated. The protein expression of SNCG, ER-α, p-AKT and p-ERK were all significantly decreased by SGJY on MCF-7 and T47D cells.

Conclusion:

The results demonstrate that SGJY may inhibit the growth of breast cancer. The mechanism might involve downregulating the level of serum estradiol, and suppressing the protein expression in the SNCG/ER-α/AKT-ERK pathway.
Joint production, transportation, and maintenance in downstream fuel supply chain
Authors: Diaz Kamar , Kammoun Mohamed Ali , Hajej Zied , Sefiani Naoufal , Milazzo Maria Francesca
Published: February 2024

This paper presents an integrated production, maintenance, and transportation strategy for a multi-site, multi-demand, multi-tank fuel production system. Firstly, each site’s economic fuel production plan is developed under a random demand and service level. Then, a transportation plan is proposed to collaborate between sites in case of unavailability site or unmet needs, minimizing the total cost. According to the correlation between production and maintenance, a periodically preventive maintenance strategy is developed for both refining machines and storage tanks, while minimizing the incurred costs by considering the influence of fuel production rate on their failure rates. Additionally, in this study, experimental tests are performed on an industrial tank, based on the real-life case of fuel companies, to investigate the tanks’ degradation due to corrosion phenomena. The resolution complexity of the analytical model arises from its stochastic nature due to random demands. Hence, a transformation to a deterministic form is performed. Numerical examples and a sensitivity study are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology and the obtained results.
Cultural Practices and Socio-Digital Inequalities in Europe: Towards a Unified Research Framework in Cultural Participation Studies
Authors: Cvetičanin Predrag , Pereira Lucas Page , Petrić Mirko , Tomić-Koludrović Inga , Lebaron Frédéric , Zdravković Željka
Published: February 2024

In this article, we propose a unified research framework for studying the impact of social and digital inequalities on four types of cultural practices: offline art-related practices, offline everyday cultural practices, online art-related practices, and online everyday cultural practices. In contrast to the research traditions that study them separately, we argue that the subject of further research should be the interplay between cultural practices in offline and online domains and that the impact of social and digital inequalities on cultural participation should be studied jointly. Based on empirical evidence from a large-scale research project carried out in nine European countries, we demonstrate the benefits of sidestepping what we see as a strange disconnect between the research traditions studying cultural practices and inequalities in the offline and online spheres separately. The results of our research show that only the inclusion of online and everyday cultural practices in the analysis does justice to the complexity of contemporary cultural participation and its relation to what we refer to as socio-digital inequalities.
Prognostic value of lymph node-to-primary tumor ratio of PET standardized uptake value for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a recursive partitioning risk stratification analysis
Authors: Kong Fang-Fang , Pan Guang-Sen , Ni Meng-Shan , Du Cheng-Run , Hu Chao-Su , Ying Hong-Mei
Published: February 2024

Background:

Induction chemotherapy (IC) combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy has become the standard treatment for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC). Data on the prognostic value of the lymph node-to-primary tumor ratio (NTR) of positron emission tomography (PET) standardized uptake value (SUV) for patients treated with IC were limited.

Objectives:

To evaluate the prognostic value of the SUV NTR for patients with LA-NPC treated with IC.

Design:

In all, 467 patients with pretreatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography (CT) scans between September 2017 and November 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.

Methods:

The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of SUV NTR. Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate survival rates. The recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) was performed to construct a risk stratification model.

Results:

The optimal cutoff value of SUV NTR was 0.74. Multivariate analyses showed that SUV NTR and overall stage were independent predictors for distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and regional recurrent-free survival (RRFS). Therefore, an RPA model based on the endpoint of DMFS was generated and categorized the patients into three distinct risk groups: RPA I (low risk: SUV NTR < 0.74 and stage III), RPA II (medium risk: SUV NTR < 0.74 and stage IVa, or SUV NTR ⩾ 0.74 and stage III), and RPA III (high risk: SUV NTR ⩾ 0.74 and stage IVa), with a 3-year DMFS of 98.9%, 93.4%, and 84.2%, respectively. ROC analysis showed that the RPA model had superior predictive efficacy than the SUV NTR or overall stage alone.

Conclusion:

SUV NTR was an independent prognosticator for distant metastasis and regional recurrence in locoregionally advanced NPC. The RPA risk stratification model based on SUV NTR provides improved DMFS and RRFS prediction over the eighth edition of the TNM (Tumor Node Metastasis) staging system.
Effects of Inhaled Linalool on the Autonomic Nervous System in Awake Mice
Authors: Satou Tadaaki , Kamagata Momono , Nakashima Shinjiro , Mori Koushi , Yoshinari Moeka
Published: February 2024

Objective/background

A previous study showed that geranium essential oil predominantly affects the parasympathetic nervous system. This article examined the effects on the autonomic nervous system of linalool, one of the main components of geranium essential oil.

Methods

Mice were placed on a narrow elevated open platform and pulse wave measurements were taken while they were awake, with behaviors restricted. Heart rate and heart rate variability were analyzed from the pulse waves obtained and the effects on the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves were examined.

Results

The results showed that linalool (5 μL/L air, inhaled) resulted in parasympathetic dominance before and after administration. Conversely, a tendency toward sympathetic dominance was observed with fluoxetine (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) as the positive control in the elevated open-platform test.

Conclusion

These results suggest that linalool and essential oils containing linalool regulate the autonomic nervous system by promoting dominance of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Clinical and imaging findings in enteropathic spondyloarthritis with special emphasize in diagnostic delay: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Conigliaro Paola , D’Antonio Arianna , Wlderk Andrea , Sabuzi Federico , Ferraioli Mario , Sichi Leonardo , Da Ros Valerio , Biancone Livia , Bergamini Alberto , Sole Chimenti Maria
Published: February 2024

Background:

Enteropathic spondyloarthritides (eSpAs) are chronic inflammatory joint diseases associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Limited data are available on the prevalence since arthritis in IBD patients may be underestimated because medications may hide disease activity with a possible diagnostic delay.

Objectives:

We aimed to evaluate diagnostic delay in eSpA and explore associated demographic, clinical, and radiographic characteristics.

Design:

Single-centre cross-sectional study conducted on consecutive out-patients referred to the combined Gi-Rhe clinic (November 2018–October 2019).

Methods:

We analysed eSpA patients for diagnostic delay, disease activity, inflammatory markers, conventional radiography (CR) and magnetic resonance images (MRI) of sacroiliac joints/spine.

Results:

A total of 190 eSpA patients [118 peripheral SpA, 72 axial (Ax) SpA including 44 non-radiographic (nr)-axSpA] were enrolled. axSpA patients had a higher prevalence of men sex, HLA-B27 positivity, uveitis and pancolitis compared with peripheral eSpA. Median diagnostic delay in eSpA was 48 months (IQR 6–77) with no difference between axial and peripheral patients. Radiographic-axial SpA (r-axSpA) patients displayed a higher diagnostic delay compared with nr-axSpA (median/IQR 36/17–129 versus 31/10–57 months, p = 0.03) and were older, with longer disease duration, low education status and high rate of employment than patients with nr-axSpA. r-axSpA patients with sclerosis, syndesmophytes and bridge at CR had higher diagnostic delay than those without lesions. Men showed higher prevalence of spine damage lesions than women as sclerosis, squaring, syndesmophytes and bridges. Longer disease duration was detected in patients with radiographic damage as bridge and sacroiliitis grade 3. On MRI, sacroiliac bone oedema was associated with reduced diagnostic delay, whereas bone erosions were associated with higher diagnostic delay compared with that in patients without these lesions. Patients with psoriasis displayed a higher diagnostic delay compared to those without skin involvement.

Conclusion:

Diagnostic delay was higher in r-axSpA compared with nr-axSpA despite the same treatment. Demographic, clinical features and radiological lesions were associated with diagnostic delay.
Post-Stroke Depression and Suicidal Ideations: Relationship with Gender and Marital Status: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Gloria Mgbeojedo Ukamaka , Jonah Osiri Emmanuel , Olusanjo Akosile Christopher , Chiebuka Okoye Emmanuel , Nene John Jeneviv , Nwakego Akobundu Uzoamaka , Chinyere Anyaene Chiamaka
Published: February 2024

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence and contributing factors of depression and suicidal ideations among stroke survivors in Nigeria.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study comprising 75 consenting stroke survivors who were purposively recruited from 2 tertiary hospitals. Suicidal ideations and depression were measured using standard questionnaires. Obtained data was analyzed with appropriate statistical tools.

Results:

9.3% of the participants had depression while 4% reported suicidal ideations. Significant correlation existed between suicidal ideations and depression (ρ = .31, P = .01), and levels of depression and suicidal ideations (χ2 = 85.76; P < .01). Depression had a significant relationship with gender and marital status, while suicidal ideations had a significant relationship with marital status. Females were significantly more depressed than their male counterparts ( U = 512.50, P = .04) and also had a higher score on suicidal ideations. The widowed/divorced recorded the highest scores on depression (χ2 = 8.77, P = .01) and suicidal ideations (χ2 = 6.62; P = .04).

Conclusion:

A worrisome prevalence of depression was reported among the study participants. The level of suicidal ideations was quite low. Depression and suicidal ideations were higher among females and those who lost their life partners (either by divorce or death).
Selecting ‘History’: Baptist Mission in Nineteenth Century Naga Hills
Authors: Jamir Arenmenla
Published: February 2024

The article traces the efforts made by the American Baptist missionaries in the nineteenth century to connect with the local communities of the Naga Hills. The success of the mission has been credited to the mission’s successful use of terminologies drawn from local oral traditions in translating the Bible. While the article builds upon this argument, it also shows that while missionaries turned to such traditions to find context and cultural relevance for their evangelism work or acquire legitimacy for their choices, for example, in the form of selecting the print language for the ‘tribes’, in other instances oral tradition was branded rather as ‘doubtful stories’ and ‘strange legends’. Within this context, the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries saw the systematic attack and dismantling of local social and cultural practices sustained by the locals’ oral tradition.
A Polycentric World Will Only Be Possible by the Intervention of the “Sixth Great Power”
Authors: Yeros Paris
Published: February 2024

The intervention of popular forces—what Marx termed the “sixth” great power among the five European “great powers” of his time—remains fundamental to the current systemic transition. This article seeks to clarify the evolving character of the contradiction between imperialism and the working people of the Third World. Drawing on Samir Amin’s notion of “polycentrism,” it is argued that the current transition, marked by the protracted decline of the capitalist system, still presupposes “delinking” from the worldwide law of value and the forging of sovereign development paths on a popular basis. Such a transition can only be fulfilled by the intervention of workers and peasants in the peripheries of the system. Key elements of the current systemic rivalry are discussed to illuminate the challenges, with special focus on the expansion of labor reserves and the character of peripheral social formations today.
How to Undertake an Impactful Literature Review: Understanding Review Approaches and Guidelines for High-impact Systematic Literature Reviews
Authors: Varsha P S  , Chakraborty Amrita , Kar Arpan Kumar
Published: February 2024

Literature reviews lay the foundation for academic investigations, especially for early career researchers. However, in the planning phase, we generally lack clarity on approaches, due to which a lot of review articles are rejected or fail to create a significant impact. The systematic literature review (SLR) is one of the important review methodologies which is increasingly becoming popular to synthesize literature in any discipline in general and management in particular. In this article, we explain the SLR methodology and provide guidelines for performing and documenting these studies. Through systematic processes, these reviews offer suggestions to synthesize literature to identify research gaps and indicate research directions. Lastly, this article serves as a guide for researchers and academics in conducting an extensive literature review.
Association Between Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Metastatic Breast Cancer—A Mapping Review
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Saad , Christidis Nikolaos , Zafar Muhammad Sohail , Michelogiannakis Dimitrios , Rossouw P. Emile , Afrashtehfar Kelvin I. , Javed Fawad
Published: February 2024

Aim:

The authors of the present study speculate that metastasis of breast cancer cells to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region mimics classical signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The aim of this mapping review was to investigate the association between metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and TMD.

Materials and Methods:

The focused question was, “Is there an association between MBC and TMD?” Indexed databases (PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, OVID, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) were electronically searched up to and including March 2022. These databases were searched using different combinations of the following keywords: cancer, carcinoma, temporomandibular disorders, temporomandibular joint, disc displacement disorder, nociception, and tumor. Original clinical studies that meet the inclusion criteria were included. The risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for case reports. The structure of this current evidence-based review was tailored to primarily condense the relevant information.

Results:

Fifteen case reports were selected after screening the retrieved records from the electronic search. Fifteen out of 16 patients were women aged between 32 and 78 years. All patients were diagnosed with MBC, and most presented with adenocarcinoma. The symptoms identified in patients with TMD included: (a) preauricular pain; (b) preauricular swelling; (c) limited mouth opening; and (d) malocclusion. Fourteen of the included studies had a low RoB, while one had a moderate RoB.

Conclusion:

Based on the currently available evidence, a direct association between TMD and MBC or vice versa cannot be established. Routine visits to medical and oro-dental healthcare providers can contribute toward early diagnosis and management of TMD and MBC.