bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Portuguese gypsums as raw materials for dermocosmetics
Authors: Costa Cristiana , Fortes António , Rocha Fernando , Cerqueira Angela , Santos Delfim , Amaral Maria Helena
Published: July 2019

Portuguese gypsum deposits utilized by the cement industry were characterized mineralogically, chemically and technologically for possible application in dermocosmetics. The deposits studied (Loulé, Óbidos and Soure) correspond to small outcrops in diapiric anticline areas. In principle, they represent gypsites which are white, and generally of higher quality for traditional applications (e.g.white cement), or greyish, and generally not adequate for cements and mortars. The analytical methods used to characterize the materials were wet sieving and X-ray sedimentation, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and assessment of abrasiveness, plasticity, texturometrics (adhesivity and firmness), oil absorption and cooling rate. The Óbidos gypsum displayed greater mineralogical and chemical quality (almost pure calcium sulfate) and had a finer grain size (<63 μm), whereas Loulé and Soure gypsums contain mineralogical impurities (mainly quartz). The Óbidos gypsum shows good characteristics in general for application in dermocosmetics because of its absorption, plasticity, adhesivity, firmness and low abrasiveness.
Surface chemistry, rheology and microstructure of as-received SHCa-1 hectorite gels
Authors: Au Pek-Ing , Du Mingyong , Liu Jishan , Haq Md. Bashirul , Leong Yee-Kwong
Published: July 2019

The zeta potential and yield-stress behaviour of gels prepared from as-received SHCa-1 hectorite (Ht) containing 50 wt.% impurities, mainly of calcite, dolomite and quartz, were characterized. The zeta potential is negative in the pH range 4–12. At pH <5, reaction of CaCO3 producing CO2 and Ca2+ increased the solution conductivity significantly and reduced the zeta potential. The buffering effect due to this chemical reaction was also observed in the yield stress–pH characterization below pH 8. Low yield stress was observed below pH 6 and above pH 12. The yield stress peaked at pH ~8, where Ht displayed a zeta potential of –20 mV. The relationship between maximum yield stress and Ht content (wt.%) was linear and was not affected by impurities. The ageing behaviour was characterized by an initial phase of rapid yield-stress increase and then by a phase of gradual increase. The Leong model performed better than the two-parameter glassy polymer ageing model in describing this ageing behaviour. However, the empirical power law model was more accurate. The timescale of the ageing process is long, lasting several days. An open cellular microstructure was observed to form in the gels. Impurities appeared not to interact with or bind to the Ht platelets.
Revealing new hydrocarbon potential through Q-compensated prestack depth imaging at Wenchang Field, South China Sea
Authors: Li Lin , Li Lie , Xu Tao , Ouyang Min , Gai Yonghao , Chen Yitao , Wu Xiaodong , Liu Yongxia , Sun Jason
Published: July 2019

Wenchang Field in the South China Sea contains a well-developed fault system, resulting in complex subsurface geology. Imaging the complex fault system plays an important role in hydrocarbon exploration in this area since the fault system forms a link between the source rocks and reservoirs. However, it is difficult to obtain a high-quality depth image of the fault system due to the effects of complex velocity and seismic absorption. Inaccurate depth velocities lead to fault shadows and structure distortions at the target zone. Absorption effects further deteriorate seismic imaging as they cause amplitude attenuation, phase distortion, and resolution reduction. We demonstrate how a combination of high-resolution depth velocity modeling and Q imaging work together to resolve these challenges. This workflow provides a step change in image quality of the complex fault system and targeted source rocks at Wenchang Field, significantly enhancing structure interpretation and reservoir delineation. A couple of commercial discoveries have been made, and several other potential hydrocarbon reservoirs have been identified based on the reprocessed data, which reveal new hydrocarbon potential in this region.
Multiple mediation analysis of the peer-delivered Thinking Healthy Programme for perinatal depression: findings from two parallel, randomised controlled trials
Authors: Singla Daisy R. , MacKinnon David P. , Fuhr Daniela C. , Sikander Siham , Rahman Atif , Patel Vikram
Published: July 2019

Background

Low-intensity psychosocial interventions have been effective in targeting perinatal depression, but relevant mechanisms of change remain unknown.

Aims

To examine three theoretically informed mediators of the Thinking Healthy Programme Peer-delivered (THPP), an evidence-based psychosocial intervention for perinatal depression, on symptom severity in two parallel, randomised controlled trials in Goa, India and Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Method

Participants included pregnant women aged ≥18 years with moderate to severe depression, as defined by a Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) score ≥10, and were randomised to either THPP or enhanced usual care. We examine whether three prespecified variables (patient activation, social support and mother–child attachment) at 3 months post-childbirth mediated the effects of THPP interventions of perinatal depressive symptom severity (PHQ-9) at the primary end-point of 6 months post-childbirth. We first examined individual mediation within each trial (n = 280 in India and n = 570 in Pakistan), followed by a pooled analysis across both trials (N = 850).

Results

In both site-specific and pooled analyses, patient activation and support at 3 months independently mediated the intervention effects on depressive symptom severity at 6 months, accounting for 23.6 and 18.2% of the total effect of THPP, respectively. The intervention had no effect on mother–child attachment scores, thus there was no evidence that this factor mediated the intervention effect.

Conclusions

The effects of the psychosocial intervention on depression outcomes in mothers were mediated by the same two factors in both contexts, suggesting that such interventions seeking to alleviate perinatal depression should target both social support and patient activation levels.

Declaration of interest

None.
Safety and Effectiveness of Chemotherapy for Metastatic Esophageal Cancer in a Community Hospital in Brazil
Authors: Victor Carolina Ribeiro , Fujiki Fernanda Kaori , Takeda Flavio Roberto , Hoff Paulo Marcelo Gehm , de Castria Tiago Biachi
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE

Despite epidemiologic and molecular differences between esophageal and stomach cancers, most published studies have included patients with either disease in a metastatic scenario. We evaluated the safety and effectiveness of chemotherapy in patients with metastatic esophageal cancer in the community setting.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with synchronous metastatic esophageal cancer treated at a public hospital between 2008 and 2016. Patients were grouped according to a prescribed chemotherapy protocol: platinum and taxane (group A); platinum and irinotecan (group B); platinum and fluoropyrimidine (group C); and without platinum (group D).

RESULTS

Of the 1,789 patients with esophageal cancer treated, we included 397 with metastatic disease at presentation. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent histology (78.8%). Median overall survival (OS) was 7 months (95% CI, 6.15 to 7.85 months). Chemotherapy was administered to 285 patients, who reached a median OS of 9.0 months (95% CI, 8.0 to 9.9 months); for 112 patients who did not receive treatment, median OS was 3 months (95% CI, 2.3 to 3.7 months; P < .001). The most used combination was platinum plus irinotecan (A; 55.5%). Disease control with in groups A, B, C, and D was 39.2%, 30.1%, 53% and 14.3%, respectively. Patients in group C reached a median OS of 17 months (95% CI, 13.1 to 20.8 months; P = .034). No differences were observed in median OS obtained with other protocols (9 months). The toxicity profile was different according to chemotherapy, with more severe events (hematologic, diarrhea, and number of days hospitalized) occurring in group B.

CONCLUSION

Platinum plus paclitaxel or platinum plus irinotecan provided similar OS in community patients, although patients receiving irinotecan experienced more severe events. In the adenocarcinoma population, a fluoropyrimidine plus platinum–based regimen, although less frequently used, had a more favorable toxicity profile, with superior median OS and disease control.
The University as Utopia
Authors: Menon Nivedita
Published: July 2019

This article addresses three interrelated themes: the institutional transformations of Indian universities since India's independence, debates in India over the assumed universality of Western modes of knowledge production and transmission, and the overarching philosophical question of knowledge as such. It argues that the question of power and prejudice acquires a different dimension when we consider the university of the Global South. If our struggle is to recover knowledges buried by history, to subvert existing knowledge formations, and to generate new knowledges out of local histories and practices, then we cannot be training ourselves merely to enter existing fields of settled knowledges that have emerged from the history and location of the Global North. The article concludes with a look at some attempts that have been made to decolonize knowledge in the Indian academy, which draw on resources from the Global South, while opening up both “Western” and “Indian” knowledges to interrogation.
Low-Temperature Heterogeneous Catalytic Reaction by Surface Protonics
Authors: Torimoto Maki , Murakami Kota , Sekine Yasushi
Published: July 2019

Heterogeneous catalytic reaction at low temperatures (<500 K) has been proposed and investigated by our group. As described in this report, recent trends of low-temperature catalytic reaction for hydrogen production by reforming and ammonia synthesis are summarized. Furthermore, our findings obtained using surface protonics for these two reactions are introduced. Surface protonics occurs by application of an electric field to a heterogeneous catalyst. It makes low-temperature catalytic reactions possible for hydrogen production and ammonia synthesis.
Parents’ Beliefs about Their Children’s Academic Ability: Implications for Educational Investments
Authors: Dizon-Ross Rebecca
Published: July 2019

Schools worldwide distribute information to parents about their children’s academic performance. Do frictions prevent parents, particularly low-income parents, from accessing this information to make decisions? A field experiment in Malawi shows that, at baseline, parents’ beliefs about their children’s academic performance are often inaccurate. Providing parents with clear, digestible performance information causes them to update their beliefs and adjust their investments: they increase the school enrollment of their higher-performing children, decrease the enrollment of lower-performing children, and choose educational inputs that are more closely matched to their children’s academic level. Heterogeneity analysis suggests information frictions are worse among the poor. (JEL C93, D83, I21, I24, J13, O15)
Reward, Control & Decision-Making in Cannabis Use Disorder: Insights from Functional MRI
Authors: Fatima Hudaisa , Howlett Allyn C. , Whitlow Christopher T.
Published: July 2019

The recreational consumption of cannabis has increased significantly across the world with an estimated 180 million people currently using. In the United States, 4.1 million are currently diagnosed with cannabis use disorder. Cannabis dependence and abuse was combined into a single entity as a behavioral disorder with a problematic pattern of cannabis use and termed cannabis use disorder by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Chronic use of cannabis has been linked with region-specific effects across the brain mediating reward processing, cognitive control and decision-making that are central to understanding addictive behaviors. This review presents a snapshot of the current literature assessing the effects of chronic cannabis use on human brain function via functional MRI. Studies employing various paradigms and contrasting cognitive activation amongst cannabis users and non-users were incorporated. The effects of trans-del-ta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) in marijuana and other preparations of cannabis are mediated by the endocannabinoid system, which is also briefly introduced.

Much variation exists in the current literature regarding the functional changes associated with chronic cannabis use. One possible explanation for this variation is the heterogeneity in study designs, with little implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria when selecting chronic users, distinct time points of participant assessment, differing cognitive paradigms and imaging protocols. As such, there is an urgent requirement for future investigations that further characterize functional changes associated with chronic cannabis use.
Squamous cell carcinoma arising from Warthin’s tumor in the parotid gland
Authors: Kim Ji-Eun , Kim Tae Gyu
Published: July 2019

The malignant transformation of Warthin’s tumor in the parotid gland is extremely rare. In addition, among the various types of the malignant change of Warthin’s tumor, squamous cell carcinoma is the rarest one. The pathogenesis of this rare disease entity is uncertain till now. Also the most effective treatment and long-term prognosis are not yet clear. Up to present, there are a few reports that only described the pathologic and clinical features of this tumor. However, there is no report about the imaging findings of this rare tumor. We report the imaging features in a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from Warthin’s tumor in the parotid gland.
Estimating Risk and Risk Aversion in the Automobile Insurance Market
Authors: Ledo Bruno Cesar Aurichio , Lopes Caio Matteucci de Andrade
Published: July 2019

This paper is based on the structural model proposed by Cohen and Einav [2007]to estimate the joint distribution of risk and risk aversion in the automobile insurancemarket. However, while they estimated the model for a single insurer in the Israelimarket, we estimated the model by considering the top ve insurers in the Brazilianmarket at the same time. This difference allowed us to capture the eect of competitionon the joint distribution of risk and risk aversion. A counterfactual exercise allowedus to verify that the insurer with the largest market share can implement the optimalcontract, while the others do not.
Long-term Yields Implied by Stochastic Discount Factor Decompositions
Authors: Almeida Caio , Cordeiro Fernando
Published: July 2019

We use the framework developed by Christensen (2017) and Hansen and Scheinkman (2009) to study the long-term interest rates in the US and Brazil. We apply a nonparametric estimator to US and Brazilian data to identify how the yield of a long-term zero-coupon bond responds to the initial state of the economy. Using a flexible specification for the state process leads to an interesting non-linear response of the yield to changes in the initial state. As a by-product of our work, we assess the performance of Christensen's estimator using Monte Carlo simulations based on two widely adopted asset pricing models (rare disasters and habit formation).
Heterogeneity and the Energy Consumption of Brazilian Households: A Structural Analysis
Authors: Santos Cezar , Weiss Mariana , Zimmermann Guilherme
Published: July 2019

This paper develops a structural economic model of the residential sector of an economy. The model features households that are heterogeneous with regard to their income. Given their incomes, households decide how much to spend on a plethora of different goods that use electrical energy as an input. The price of energy is non-linear and depends on one's energy demand. The model parameters are disciplined using rich Brazilian consumption micro data at the household level. The data exhibits substantial heterogeneity of expenditures on electric appliances and energy across the different income deciles, and the model is able to capture these features. We use the calibrated model to perform a variety of counterfactuals. The results suggest that the impact of changes in prices and income varies substantially across income groups. We also study the adoption of a new technology. In particular, the introduction of more energy-efficient fluorescent light bulbs is especially helpful to poorer households, despite the bulbs' higher cost.
Remarkable characterization and determination of atypical E. coli O157 none producing shiga toxin which can produce cytopathic effect on Vero cell and diarrhea in mice
Authors: MOSHIRI M. , TAHAMTAN Y. , NAMAVARI M.
Published: July 2019

This study focused on the cytopathic effect of an unusual form of E. coli O157:H7 (atypical E. coli O157 (a-O157)) on Vero cell and infant mice. Multiplex PCR assay showed that they did not carry the gene for either shiga toxin 1 (stx1) or stx2 and other virulence factors. Increased changes in epithelial cell morphology, inter and intracellular gap junction and invading were assessed using Vero assay. In addition, a-O157infection causes disruptions of intercellular tight junctions, leading to clinical sequelae that include acute diarrhea in mice. Vero cell monolayers were exposed to a-O157influx and disintegrated tight junction of Vero cell line. Infected Vero cell enhance the number of attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions. Collectively, these findings provide in vitro evidence that Vero cell infected by a-O157was shown injury in epithelial cell barrier and induced A/E lesion the same as E. coli O157:H7 stx positive. These variants cannot be diagnosed by routine monitoring methods like biochemical assay for E. coli O157:H7 stx positive control. Finally, the data suggest that not only typical but also a-O157are an important cause of diarrhea in mice and produce cytopathic effect on Vero cell and may be harmful for food animal and also human.
Red wine polyphenols modulate bone loss in the ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis
Authors: PASSALI C. , PATSAKI A. , LELOVAS P. , ALIGIANNIS N. , MAKROPOULOU M. , KOURKOULIS S. , PAPAIOANNOU N. , MITAKOU S. , SKALTSOUNIS A. L. , DONTAS I.
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Red Wine Polyphenols (RWPs) extract on bone mineral density (BMD) in the ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. Thirty-five 10-month-old Wistar rats were separated into controls (CTRL), OVX and OVX plus RWPs in their drinking water (dose, 50 mg/kg body weight per day), starting immediately after OVX for 6 months. Βody and uterine weight, BMD of the tibia at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-OVX, and 3-pointing bending of the femur, were examined. Statistical comparison of the total tibia BMD within groups during the study period showed a significant reduction in the OVX and OVX+RWPs groups both from baseline to 3 and 6 months and from 3 to 6 months, whereas in the CTRL group, there was no significant change. For the proximal tibial metaphysis, comparison of BMD percentage changes from baseline to 3 months and 6 months and from 3 to 6 months revealed highly statistical differences between OVX and OVX+RWPs groups (P = 0.000). OVX induced a significant reduction of biomechanical parameters as expected; the 3-point bending test showed that the maximum force before fracture, energy absorption and fracture stress significantly increased in the OVX group treated with RWPs compared with the nontreated OVX rats (P = 0.048, P = 0.002 and P = 0.003, respectively). Dietary intake of RWPs for 6 months significantly prevented trabecular bone loss and improved bone strength in estrogen-deficient ovariectomized rats.
Information security and information protection: management models and methods
Authors: Клименко Ирина , Klimenko Irina
Published: July 2019

The monograph provides a system analysis of information security management mechanisms, identifies the features of problematization and goal-setting in the construction of information security management system of the object. Theoretical and methodological bases of optimization of complex protection of information are developed, the principles of modeling are formulated, the conceptual model of management of information security of object is presented. The monograph is intended for researchers, University Teachers, specialists in the design of systems of complex protection of information objects.
¿QUÉ SABEMOS DE LOS LECTORES DE RELIME?
Authors: Cantoral Uriza Ricardo , Reyes-Gasperini Daniela , Castro-Pérez Benito , Ríos-Jarquín Diana Wendolyne
Published: July 2019

Compartimos en (Cantoral, Reyes Gasperini, Ríos Jarquín, & Castro Pérez, 2019), aspectos de la evolución de la Revista Latinoamericana de Investigación en Matemática Educativa: construcción, desarrollo y consolidación. Estos deben considerarse aún en proceso pues Relime, en tanto que es producto de la comunidad y de su diálogo, crece, se legitima y consolida progresivamente.
The Role of Leader-Member Exchange in Teacher Stress, Burnout, and Depression
Authors: DEMİR Selçuk
Published: July 2019

Leader-member exchange is one of the most important
concepts that contributes to the increase of performance and productivity in
organizations. Leader-member exchange focuses on the two sided relationship
between leader and follower. The aim of this study is to examine the
relationship between leader-member exchange (school administrator-teacher) and teacher’s level of stress, burnout and depression. This research was designed by relational model.
The sample consists of 437 teachers that were randomly selected with cluster
sampling method from 48 schools in Hatay city during 2018-2019 academic year.
Data were gathered via Leader-Member
Exchange Scale, Stress Scale, Burnout Scale and Depression Scale. The measurement model shows that research
variables have statistically significant relationships with each other.
Structural equation modeling points out that leader-member exchange has a
statistically significant and negative impact on teachers’ level of stress and
burnout. Leader-member exchange negatively influences teachers’ depression
level through the full mediation effects of stress and burnout. Based on the
findings of this current study, in order to reduce teachers’ negative feelings
or prevent it from occurring, a quality administrator-teacher exchange is required.
Clinical and cost implications of using immediate MRI in the management of patients with a suspected scaphoid fracture and negative radiographs results from the SMaRT trial
Authors: Rua T. , Malhotra B. , Vijayanathan S. , Hunter L. , Peacock J. , Shearer J. , Goh V. , McCrone P. , Gidwani S.
Published: July 2019

Aims

The aim of the Scaphoid Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Trauma (SMaRT) trial was to evaluate the clinical and cost implications of using immediate MRI in the acute management of patients with a suspected fracture of the scaphoid with negative radiographs.

Patients and Methods

Patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) with a suspected fracture of the scaphoid and negative radiographs were randomized to a control group, who did not undergo further imaging in the ED, or an intervention group, who had an MRI of the wrist as an additional test during the initial ED attendance. Most participants were male (52% control, 61% intervention), with a mean age of 36.2 years (18 to 73) in the control group and 38.2 years (20 to 71) in the intervention group. The primary outcome was total cost impact at three months post-recruitment. Secondary outcomes included total costs at six months, the assessment of clinical findings, diagnostic accuracy, and the participants’ self-reported level of satisfaction. Differences in cost were estimated using generalized linear models with gamma errors.

Results

The mean cost up to three months post-recruitment per participant was £542.40 (sd £855.20, n = 65) for the control group and £368.40 (sd £338.60, n = 67) for the intervention group, leading to an estimated cost difference of £174 (95% confidence interval (CI) -£30 to £378; p = 0.094). The cost difference per participant increased to £266 (95% CI £3.30 to £528; p = 0.047) at six months. Overall, 6.2% of participants (4/65, control group) and 10.4% of participants (7/67, intervention group) had sustained a fracture of the scaphoid (p = 0.37). In addition, 7.7% of participants (5/65, control group) and 22.4% of participants (15/67, intervention group) had other fractures diagnosed (p = 0.019). The use of MRI was associated with higher diagnostic accuracy both in the diagnosis of a fracture of the scaphoid (100.0% vs 93.8%) and of any other fracture (98.5% vs 84.6%).

Conclusion

The use of immediate MRI in the management of participants with a suspected fracture of the scaphoid and negative radiographs led to cost savings while improving the pathway’s diagnostic accuracy and patient satisfaction. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:984–994.
Pay for performance and hip fracture outcomes
Authors: Metcalfe D. , Zogg C. K. , Judge A. , Perry D. C. , Gabbe B. , Willett K. , Costa M. L.
Published: July 2019

Aims

Hip fractures are associated with high morbidity, mortality, and costs. One strategy for improving outcomes is to incentivize hospitals to provide better quality of care. We aimed to determine whether a pay-for-performance initiative affected hip fracture outcomes in England by using Scotland, which did not participate in the scheme, as a control.

Materials and Methods

We undertook an interrupted time series study with data from all patients aged more than 60 years with a hip fracture in England (2000 to 2018) using the Hospital Episode Statistics Admitted Patient Care (HES APC) data set linked to national death registrations. Difference-in-differences (DID) analysis incorporating equivalent data from the Scottish Morbidity Record was used to control for secular trends. The outcomes were 30-day and 365-day mortality, 30-day re-admission, time to operation, and acute length of stay.

Results

There were 1 037 860 patients with a hip fracture in England and 116 594 in Scotland. Both 30-day (DID -1.7%; 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.0 to -1.2) and 365-day (-1.9%; 95% CI -2.5 to -1.3) mortality fell in England post-intervention when compared with outcomes in Scotland. There were 7600 fewer deaths between 2010 and 2016 that could be attributed to interventions driven by pay-for-performance. A pre-existing annual trend towards increased 30-day re-admissions in England was halted post-intervention. Significant reductions were observed in the time to operation and length of stay.

Conclusion

This study provides evidence that a pay-for-performance programme improved the outcomes after a hip fracture in England. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1015–1023.
A focused update on preventing ceramic fractures in hip arthroplasty
Authors: Konan S. , Alazzawi S. , Yoon B-H. , Cha Y-H. , Koo K-H.
Published: July 2019

Ceramic bearings have several desirable properties, such as resistance to wear, hardness, and biocompatibility, that favour it as an articulating surface in hip arthroplasty. However, ceramic fracture remains a concern. We have reviewed the contemporary literature, addressing the factors that can influence the incidence of ceramic bearing surface fracture.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:897–901.
Does idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus have an impact on attainment of developmental milestones? A multicentre international study
Authors: Hughes K. , Gelfer Y. , Cokljat M. , Wientroub S. , Yavor A. , Hemo Y. , Dunkley M. , Eastwood D. M.
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The Ponseti method is a well-established approach to treating clubfoot. Potentially, both the underlying pathology and adherence to post-correction bracing can affect lower limb function and age of independent standing and walking. This cohort study investigates the age at which infants with idiopathic clubfoot treated using the Ponseti method achieved three selected developmental milestones and whether or not this correlated with treatment compliance.

Methods

A prospectively collected database from four centres was visited. Inclusion criteria were patients with idiopathic clubfoot with no comorbidities or prior treatment. Age at attainment of independent standing, walking, nocturnal continence was compared across three groups: I) congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) children compliant with treatment; II) CTEV children non-compliant with treatment; and III) typically-developed siblings. Minimum follow-up was five years.

Results

In all, 130 patients (198 feet) fitted the inclusion criteria: 43:87 (F:M). Standing was achieved by a mean 12.0 months in group I (sd 2.50); 12.0 months (sd 2.0) in II and ten months (sd 3.0) in III. Walking was achieved by a mean 15 months (sd 4.0) in group I, 14 months (sd 1.75) in II and 12 months (sd 3) in III, respectively. Both the compliant and non-compliant CTEV children were significantly slower at achieving standing and walking compared to sibling controls (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between age of nocturnal continence between the three groups.

Conclusion

Infants with idiopathic clubfoot treated according to the Ponseti method achieve independent standing and walking approximately two months later than their typically-developed siblings. The delay is not related to the use of the foot abduction brace.

Level of evidence

III
Entre la psicoterapia y la crítica manicomial en la España de la Transición
Authors: Huertas Rafael
Published: July 2019

La revistas, periódicos, boletines, etc., elaborados por los pacientes en el interior de los establecimientos psiquiátricos constituyen una fuente histórica, escasamente explorada, que ofrece claves sobre el funcionamiento de las instituciones, sobre la vida cotidiana en su interior y sobre las experiencias de los pacientes y del personal. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el papel que algunas de estas publicaciones tuvieron en los procesos de cambio asistencial en la España del tardofranquismo y la Transición. Algunas revistas editadas en hospitales psiquiátricos españoles han sido estudiadas parcialmente y por separado. Apoyándose en estos trabajos previos, se intenta una visión de conjunto que permite identificar con claridad dos grandes influencias procedentes de la psicoterapia institucional francesa y del movimiento anti-institucional italiano. Se concluye con una breve reflexión sobre la importancia historiográfica de estas fuentes para el estudio de la historia de la psiquiatría desde el punto de vista del paciente y del activismo en salud mental, tanto profesional como en primera persona.
A Neurastenia em Portugal, apogeu e declínio
Authors: Pereira José Morgado
Published: July 2019

O autor enuncia o significado do termo neurastenia e as circunstâncias do seu aparecimento nos Estados Unidos da América, e depois a sua difusão na Europa com as modificações sofridas pelo conceito. Em Portugal são mencionadas algumas das principais referências, que sucedem como nos outros países europeus, entre a última década do século XIX e as primeiras décadas do século XX, citadas nos livros destinados ao ensino e nas teses apresentadas nas Faculdades de Medicina, sendo um diagnóstico muito utilizado, entrando depois em desuso progressivo, mas mantendo-se a sua utilização como sinónimo de estado de ansiedade, depressão e astenia moderadas, embora de gravidade variável, mas com maior aceitação social e distante da loucura.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Studies of Hexamethyldibenzotetraaza
N4-Macrocyclic Complexes of Ni(II) and Cu(II) Metal ions
Authors: Vashistha Vinod Kumar , Sharma Neeraj , Kumar Anuj , Sharma Usha Rani
Published: July 2019

Hexamethyldibenzotetraaza[14]annulene type macrocyclic complexes of Ni(II) and Cu(II) have been synthesized by template method. These macrocyclic complexes were characterized by molar conductance, elemental analysis, IR, UV-visible, mass spectra and cyclic voltammetry. On the basis of electronic studies saddle shape distorted octahedral structure have been assigned to these macrocyclic complexes. The redox behaviour of Ni(II) and Cu(II) macrocyclic complexes showed reversible and quasi-irreversible redox process that supported by the ipc/ipa ratio which is in good agreement with Randles-Sevcik equation. These macrocyclic complexes were also studied for the antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, S. aureus and C. albicans compared with gentamycin as standard drug.
Design and Synthesis of Bis-pyrimidines Linked with Thiazolidin-4-one as New Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Reddy Ch. Sanjeeva , Nagaraj A. , Yakub V. , Kalyani B.
Published: July 2019

A series of novel 3-4-[2-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxy-3-2-[2-(aryl)-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolan-3-yl]-6-phenyl-4-pyrimidinylbenzyl)phenyl]-6-phenyl-2-pyrimidinyl-2-(aryl)-1,3-thiazolan-4-ones 5(a-j) have been synthesized and assayed for their antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, B. sphaericus, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, K. Aerogenes and C. violaceum. The inhibition zones and minimal inhibitory concentrations were measured and compared with the streptomycin. The antibacterial screening data reveal that the compounds containing 4-nitrophenyl (5c), 3-nitrophenyl (5d), 4-dimethylaminophenyl (5g) and 1,3-benzodioxole (5j) moiety at 2-position of the thiazolidin-4-one ring exhibited potent inhibitory activity towards all the tested microorganism, which is higher than streptomycin. The other compounds also showed moderate to good activity.
Enantio Selective Synthesis of New Phenylpropanoid: Isolated from Walsura trifoliata
Authors: Ramana L.V. , Appa Rao M. Suri , Apparao K.M. Ch. , Rao B. Nageswara
Published: July 2019

A new phenylpropanoid containing flavon-3-ol has been isolated from the leaves of traditional medicinal plant, Walsura trifoliata. The structure of the compound was established on the basis of spectroscopic evidence [2D NMR, HREIMS] and by its alternative synthesis. The synthesis of this natural product was achieved from inexpensive and readily available starting materials of phloroglucinol dihydrate. Key reaction sequence includes Grubbs-II RCM reaction, Wittig reaction and sharpless dihydroxylation
using AD-mix α.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activities of
New Bivalent Complexes of Transition Metals
Authors: Chugh Veenu , Sharma Sangeeta , Chopra Rimpi Mehani Ne'e
Published: July 2019

This paper describes the synthesis, spectral studies and antimicrobial properties of the complexes with the formula [M(C30H24N4O2)Cl2], where M = Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) and Cu(II). These complexes were prepared by yield effective template condensation of hexamethylenediamine and 2,2-dihydroxyindane-1,3-dione(ninhydrin). The synthesized complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, Mass spectrum, 13C NMR, molar conductance, electronic spectra, magnetic measurements. TGA and X-ray diffraction studies were used to ascertain the crystal structure and thermal stability of the complexes. The antimicrobial properties of complexes against two Gram-positive bacteria and two Gram-negative bacteria were evaluated by Agar well diffusion technique. Streptomycin and chloramphenicol were taken as standard antibiotics. The results shows that some of the complexes have potential to act as antibacterial agents.
Synthesis and Molecular Drug Validations of 1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine Derivatives: Molecular Docking and its Biological Activities
Authors: Ashok S.R. , Shivananda M.K. , Manikandan A.
Published: July 2019

Molecular adaptation of small molecules that are targeted as therapeutic agents is a most anticipated one in drug designing and development. In the present approach, a family of substituted 1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine derivatives (5a-d and 6a-e) were effectively synthesised and testified for their molecular adaptations in order to develop them as novel medications against oxidation, inflammation and inflammation associated cancer types by means of in silico and in vitro assessments. Chronic inflammation, regardless of infectious agents, plays a vital role in various cancer development. Moreover, hypoxia-inflammation-cancer are highly associated together. Hydrogen peroxide free-radical scavenging, HRBC membrane stabilization assay and cell viability test by MTT assay (macrophage) were executed to establish antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of these compounds. As the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 is highly involved in inflammation and cancer development respectively, molecular docking was executed on the corresponding X-ray crystallographic models (PDB structures).
Mechanical Properties of Stoichiometrically Developed
Al-Cu-Mg Cast Alloy Under Controlled Environment
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Sahni Varinder
Published: July 2019

Present study was carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of newly developed cast aluminum alloy with addition of (1.0 aged heat treatment, AHT %) of copper and (1.0 AHT %) magnesium in the mole ratio of 1:1:1 Al-Cu-Mg in as-cast and thermally aged conditions. The (AHT %) selection of Cu-Mg on the basis of stoichiometric calculations, 1 unit (AHT %) of copper and 1 unit (AHT %) of magnesium were mixed in liquid aluminium base material, heated in an electric furnace and melt was hold at 730 ºC with alloying additions of copper and magnesium for about 30 min to ensure complete homogenisation, Further, this liquidous aluminium metal matrix was stirred at 800 rpm for 5 min and poured at 700 ± 10 ºC in permanent mild steel mould pre-heated at 200 ºC in order to achieve as-cast alloy. Solution treatment at 500 ºC for 1 h and thermally aged at temperature 160 ºC for 5 h was exposed. The effect of solution and aged temperature on metallurgical morphology and further the role of intermetallic compounds on mechanical properties of as-cast alloy have been studied. The optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to identify the intermetallic phases and formation of different precipitates was studied by using X-ray diffraction. The improvement in ultimate tensile strength and hardness values have been reported.
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Biological Evaluation of
Schiff Base Metal Complexes Derived from Aniline Derivative
Authors: Priya P. , Vedanayaki S. , Jayaseelan P.
Published: July 2019

A new Schiff base ligand (L) N-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(4-(((4-fluorophenyl)imino)methyl)phenyl)-
methaninmine was prepared by the condensation of terephthalaldehyde with 4-fluoroaniline in 1:2 molar ratio. The mononuclear complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) (1-4) have been synthesized in (2:1) ligand to metal ratio. The composition, geometry and binding sites of ligand with metal complexes were evidenced by various spectral methods like molar conductance, elemental analytical data, magnetic measurements, UV-visible, 1H & 13C NMR, ESI-MS, FT-IR, ESR and thermal analysis.
The above studies shows that the ligand is a bidentate and its metal complexes possess an octahedral geometry. Oxidative cleavage of DNA studies of the complexes were monitored by super helix PUC18DNA using a method of agarose gel electrophoresis. Ligand and its metal complexes were screened against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus), gram negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacterium and fungus (Candida albicans) strains. Antioxidant activities of the metal complexes possess greater activity than ligand.
Preparation and Spectroscopic Characterization of
Polymer-Supported Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Gupta P.K. , Kumar Dinesh , Kumar Amit
Published: July 2019

Novel polystyrene supported mixed Schiff base (PSCH2–LH2) and its coordination compounds with copper(II) and zirconium(IV) have been synthesized. PSCH2–LH2 has been synthesized by the reaction of chloromethylated polystyrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene (PSCH2–Cl) and the Schiff base (LH2) derived from 3-formylsalicylic acid, propylenediamine and acetylacetone. The polystyrene supported coordination compounds are of the types: [PSCH2–LCu] and [PSCH2–LZr(OH)2·DMF]. They have been synthesized by the reaction of PSCH2–LH2 and the metal salt in DMF. The coordination
compounds have been characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, IR, reflectance, ESR spectral and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The shifts of the ν(C=N) (azomethine), ν(C–O) (phenolic) and ν(C–O) (enolic) stretches indicate the ONNO donor behaviour of PSCH2–LH2. The polystyrene supported Cu(II) compound is square planar and Zr(IV) compound is pentagonal bipyramidal. The coordinated solvent molecules are completely lost from metal bound coordination compound by heating them at definite temperature in an air oven for 3 h. The compound, PSCH2–LCu is paramagnetic, while PSCH2–LZr(OH)2·DMF is diamagnetic.
Chemical Constituents and Antiulcer Activity of n-Hexane Extract of Sanchezia nobilis Hook F. Leaves from Vietnam
Authors: Thi Xuan Bui , Duc Loi Vu , Thanh Tung Bui , Minh Ngoc Tran
Published: July 2019

Five compounds (1-5) were isolated from the leaves of Sanchezia nobilis collected in Nam Dinh province by chromatographic methods. These compounds were identified as: mangiferin (1), β-sitosterol (2), margaric acid (3), ursolic acid (4), oleanolic acid (5). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. These compounds were isolated from the leaves of Sanchezia nobilis for the first time. Screening of gastric and duodenal antiulcer effects on indomethacin induced gastric ulcer models showed that n-hexane fraction produced the highest antiulcer activity. Percentage inhibition of gastric ulceration of misoprostol was 22.86 %, while that of n-hexane fraction was 28.57 % (p < 0.05). Evaluation of gastric and duodenal antiulcer effects on acysteamine induced gastric ulcer models showed that this fraction was effective against gastric and duodenal ulcer (83.3 %), improved ulcer damage (54.17 %), significantly reduced the number of mean ulcer and ulcer index (2.00 ± 1.28) but it did not change the area of the ulcer.
Comparative Analysis of Crystal Structures between 2,2′-Bipyridine and 6,6′-Dimethyl-2,2′-Bipyridine Supported CuSCF3 Complexes: An Unusual Coordination Transition from Mononuclear to Binuclear Mode
Authors: Yang Yi , Tong Xia , Luo Gen , Shu Yumei , Zheng Yubing
Published: July 2019

We report herein the synthesis of CuSCF3 complex supported by 6,6′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine via the strategy of triphenylphosphine-mediated deoxygenation of CF3SO2Na in the presence of cuprous chloride. The molecular structure of this new cuprous complex was characterized by elemental analysis, 1H (13C, 19F) NMR spectra and verified by X-ray crystallography. Unlike the classical [(2,2′- bipyridine)Cu(SCF3)] complex, 6,6′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine supported cuprous trifluoromethylthiolate complex was dimerized in the form of [{(6,6′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine)Cu(SCF3)}2]. The X-ray crystal structure revealed the Cu2S2 cyclic pattern and sulfur atoms serving as the bridge. The Cu-Cu distance was equal to 3.083 Å which was remarkably longer than the analogous [{(1,10-phenanthroline)Cu(SCF3)}2] (2.5781(9) Å). This interesting phenomenon demonstrated that the substituents on the ligand scaffolds have profound influence on the coordination modes of these N,N-ligand coordinated CuSCF3 complexes.
A WIRELESS RAILWAY MONITORING SYSTEM OF PROBLEMATIC SUBSTRUCTURE IN TUNNEL
Authors: Yang Yanxin , Ma Jianlin , Huang Yong
Published: July 2019

The railway substructure needs to be monitored to determine whether the substructure is stable. In the paper, the damages to the substructure of the heavy-haul railway in the tunnel were recognized and the grouting technology and water pipes were used to avoid further damages. To monitor the state of the substructure in the tunnel, a wireless monitoring system was developed. The accelerometers, laser rangefinders, water level gauges, and cameras were used in the sensor module, the fiber optics and mobile telephony were used in data transferring module, and a data managing system was developed in the control center. To examine the measured date by the monitoring system, the measured vertical displacement and horizontal displacement, the settlement, and the water levels at the site were presented. The measured data showed that the underground voids still existed after the grouting technology and water pipes of installation were applied. The horizontal and vertical displacement and settlement were induced by the underground voids and the loading of the train. The water level varied at the three locations, and the change of the water level beneath the surface showed that the flowing water was drained due to the water pipes. The wireless monitoring system was successfully developed to monitor the real-time data of the substructure and determine if the substructures was stable.
Modified generalized marshall-olkin family of distributions
Authors: Aslam Muhammad , Hussain Zawar , Asghar Zahid
Published: July 2019

In this article, we propose a new family of distributions using the T-X family named as modified generalized Marshall-Olkin family of distributions. Comprehensive mathematical and statistical properties of this family of distributions are provided. The model parameters are estimated by maximum likelihood method. The maximum likelihood estimation under Type-II censoring is also discussed. Two lifetime data sets are used to show the suitability and applicability of the new family of distributions. For comparison purposes, different goodness of fit tests are used.Â Â
MAKNA GUMBREGAN TERHADAP KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL KEAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT PETANI DI SAPTOSARI, GUNUNGKIDUL
Authors: Maharani Nur Laili
Published: July 2019

Ritual is religion in action. gumbregan is one of the rituals carried out every year by the community of Saptosari Gunungkidul. This ritual is only carried out by Gunungkidul farmers who have cattle. Cows as pets that are considered meritorious for the people of Saptosari who mostly work as farmers because they help in cultivating agricultural land. The gumbregan ritual is held every seven months at the time of Wuku Gumbreg (Javanese calendar). The purpose of the gumbregan ritual is related to the myth of the farmer, they have hope that the atmosphere is peaceful and avoid negative things, such as disturbing the peace of the soul. The author uses the theory of Victor Turner's liminality which analyzes the state of society when performing religious rituals and for studying aspects of the ritual. The author explains this gumbregan ritual using a field research data source. Which is supported by using the method of observation, interviews, documentation, and processed using descriptive analytical methods. This ritual is interpreted as a warning to the prophet Sulaiman who has ruled all animals in the universe, a form of gratitude to God, and as a step to unite the community in order to create safe and peaceful living conditions so as to foster a sense of togetherness in social matters.Keywords: Gumbregan ritual, religious social life, farming community.