bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drivers of COVID-19 Vaccination among Eligible Adults in Abuja, Nigeria: A Mixed-Methods Study Using the WHO Behavioral and Social Drivers of Vaccination Framework
Authors: Wonodi Chizoba B. , Okpe Ikechukwu A. , Angioha Pius U. , Ebong Affiong S. , Adegbola Janet B. , Abdulraheem Abdulrasheed A. , Ezeanya Nwamaka , Adetola Adewumi A. , Arogundade Oluwatosin I. , Hadley Goodness I. , Olisa Joseph A.
Published: October 2024

Despite the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, Nigeria still faces significant COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, with only 60.7% of the eligible population fully vaccinated as of 20 March 2023. Our study, part of a community-based effort to improve knowledge and uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in the Gwagwalada Area Council of Abuja, the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) of Nigeria, utilized the WHO’s Behavioral and Social Drivers (BeSDs)-of-vaccination framework to examine the drivers of COVID-19 vaccination among eligible adults. This was a mixed-method study with focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) involving 40 purposively sampled participants. We triangulate qualitative findings with data from a household survey of 1512 eligible adults identified using a two-stage systematic cluster sampling approach. All data were collected from the 1–18 November 2022. The household survey showed 46% COVID-19 vaccine uptake, with Pearson chi-square and Fisher’s exact test showing significant associations between vaccine uptake and gender, religion, and education. Multivariate logistic regression showed that confidence in vaccine safety, knowing vaccination sites and family/friends’ endorsement of COVID-19 vaccination were the strongest items associated with vaccine uptake in the thinking-and-feeling, practical-issue, and social-process domains, respectively. Multiple items measuring these domains aligned with BeSD priority question, demonstrating the robustness of the pared-down framework. Qualitative data corroborated these findings. To address vaccine hesitancy and increase uptake, community-driven approaches to improve trust in vaccine safety and benefits and promote positive vaccination norms are needed. In addition, service delivery strategies to make vaccination services easily accessible and identifiable should be developed and tailored to community needs.
Mtb-Specific HLA-E-Restricted T Cells Are Induced during Mtb Infection but Not after BCG Administration in Non-Human Primates and Humans
Authors: Voogd Linda , van Wolfswinkel Marjolein , Satti Iman , White Andrew , Dijkman Karin , Gela Anele , van Meijgaarden Krista , Franken Kees , Marshall Julia , Ottenhoff Tom , Scriba Thomas , McShane Helen , Sharpe Sally , Verreck Frank , Joosten Simone
Published: October 2024

Background: Novel vaccines targeting the world’s deadliest pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are urgently needed as the efficacy of the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine in its current use is limited. HLA-E is a virtually monomorphic unconventional antigen presentation molecule, and HLA-E-restricted Mtb-specific CD8+ T cells can control intracellular Mtb growth, making HLA-E a promising vaccine target for Mtb. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the frequency and phenotype of HLA-E-restricted Mtb-specific CD4+/CD8+ T cells in the circulation and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of two independent non-human primate (NHP) studies and from humans receiving BCG either intradermally or mucosally. Results: BCG vaccination followed by Mtb challenge in NHPs did not affect the frequency of circulating and local HLA-E–Mtb CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and we saw the same in humans receiving BCG. HLA-E–Mtb T cell frequencies were significantly increased after Mtb challenge in unvaccinated NHPs, which was correlated with higher TB pathology. Conclusions: Together, HLA-E–Mtb-restricted T cells are minimally induced by BCG in humans and rhesus macaques (RMs) but can be elicited after Mtb infection in unvaccinated RMs. These results give new insights into targeting HLA-E as a potential immune mechanism against TB.
Postpartum Interventions to Increase Maternal Vaccination Uptake: Is It Worth It?
Authors: Konstantinou Eleni , Benou Sofia , Hatzidaki Eleftheria , Vervenioti Aggeliki , Dimitriou Gabriel , Papaevangelou Vassiliki , Jones Christine E. , Gkentzi Despoina
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Vaccination of pregnant and postpartum women for pertussis, influenza and COVID-19 not only protects themselves but also offspring. Despite the benefits of this approach, vaccination uptake remains suboptimal in pregnancy. Where the opportunity to be vaccinated in pregnancy is missed, the offer of vaccination in the post-partum period may be an alternative strategy. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the impact of interventions to increase vaccination uptake in the postpartum period on vaccination uptake. Methods: A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, including interventional studies promoting vaccination uptake in postpartum women published between 2009 and 2024. The search was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and registered with PROSPERO. Results: We finally included 16 studies in the review, and the primary outcome was vaccination uptake in the postpartum period. The most significant factors for increasing uptake were recommendation from healthcare providers, type of interventions used, and delivery of vaccines in the maternity wards or the community. Conclusions: In conclusion, maternal vaccination rates in the postpartum period may increase with targeted education by healthcare professionals and positive reinforcement. The interventions described in these studies could be applied in the healthcare systems worldwide.
Advances in the Effects of Heat Stress on Ovarian Granulosa Cells: Unveiling Novel Ferroptosis Pathways
Authors: Zhu Zhen , Wu Jiang , Wen Yuguo , Wu Xiaocheng , Bao Huimingda , Wang Min , Kang Kai
Published: October 2024

Heat stress has been one of the key research areas for researchers due to the wide-ranging effects and complex mechanisms of action of its stress product reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this paper is to comprehensively review and summarize the effects of heat stress on ovarian granulosa cells and their mechanism of action. We systematically reviewed the effects of heat stress on ovarian granulosa cells, including intracellular steroid hormone changes, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function. Meanwhile, this paper discusses in detail several major mechanisms by which heat stress induces apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells, such as through the activation of apoptosis-related genes, induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and the mitochondrial pathway. In addition, we analyzed the mechanism of ferroptosis in ovarian granulosa cells under heat stress conditions, summarized the potential association between heat stress and ferroptosis in light of the existing literature, and explored the key factors in the mechanism of action of heat stress, such as the signaling pathways of Nrf2/Keap1, HSPs, and JNK, and analyzed their possible roles in the process of ferroptosis. Finally, this paper provides an outlook on the future research direction, describing the possible interaction between heat stress and ferroptosis, with a view to providing a theoretical basis for further understanding and revealing the complex mechanism of ferroptosis occurrence in ovarian granulosa cells under heat stress.
Development and Evaluation of a Semi-Nested PCR Method Based on the 18S ribosomal RNA Gene for the Detection of Babesia aktasi Infections in Goats
Authors: Ulucesme Mehmet Can , Ozubek Sezayi , Aktas Munir
Published: October 2024

We developed and evaluated a semi-nested PCR assay for the detection of Babesia aktasi infection in goats based on the sequence of the B. aktasi 18S ribosomal RNA gene. Following in silico screening, the specificity of the primers was assessed using reference DNA samples, including B. ovis, B. motasi, B. crassa, B. venatorum, B. divergens, B. capreoli, Theileria ovis, and T. annulata. To determine the sensitivity of the method, blood infected with 2% parasitemia of B. aktasi was diluted to 10-fold serial dilutions. The method specifically amplified a 438 bp fragment of B. aktasi DNA, but did not demonstrate cross-amplification with the other hemoparasites tested. The sensitivity assay indicated that this PCR method was able to detect infection at a dilution of 10−8 of 2% parasitemia (0.074 parasites/200 µL). Ninety-seven blood samples collected from goats were used to analyze for B. aktasi, and the infection was detected in 18.5% of the goats. Additionally, the method was also applied to 44 field DNA samples that were detected to be positive for B. aktasi by reverse line blotting (RLB), and showed 84.1% agreement. The findings revealed that newly developed semi-nested PCR can detect B. aktasi infections in goats with high sensitivity and specificity.
Effect of Solid-State Fermentation Products of Lactobacillus plantarum, Candida utilis, and Bacillus coagulans on Growth Performance of Broilers and Prevention of Avian Colibacillosis
Authors: Li Fangfang , Lv Bing , Zuo Jiakun , Nawaz Saqib , Wang Zhihao , Lian Liyan , Yin Huifang , Chen Shuming , Han Xiangan , Wang Haidong
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the impact of the solid-state fermentation products of Lactobacillus plantarum, Candida utilis, and Bacillus coagulans (LCBs) on the growth characteristics, immune function, intestinal morphology, cecum microbial community, and prevention of avian colibacillosis in broilers. One hundred and twenty Hyland Brown broilers (aged one day) were divided randomly into three groups (four replicates of ten broilers per group). (1) The CON group was fed a basal diet. (2) The MOD group was fed a basal diet. On day 40, APEC strain SX02 (1.1 × 105 CFU/g) was administered to the breasts of chickens in this group. (3) The LCBs group was fed a basal diet supplemented with fermentation products (98.5% basal diet + 0.5% Lactobacillus plantarum and Candida utilis solid-state fermentation products + 1.0% Bacillus coagulans solid-state fermentation products). On day 40, the LCBs group received the same treatment as the MOD group. The experiment lasted 43 days. This study found that the average daily gain (ADG) of the LCBs group was significantly higher than that of the MOD group (p < 0.05), indicating that LCBs can significantly increase the ADG of broilers and improve the feed conversion ratio. Furthermore, compared to the MOD group, the heart bacterial load was significantly reduced in the LCBs group (p < 0.05), and the lesions less severe in the heart, liver, and jejunum were observed (p < 0.05). Additionally, the detection of intestinal flora showed a significant increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the cecum of the LCBs group, while the number of Escherichia coli and Shigella decreased significantly. In conclusion, the solid fermentation of Lactobacillus plantarum, Candida utilis, and Bacillus coagulans can improve the growth performance of broilers while also protecting against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli infection. This demonstrates the potential usefulness of these LCBs in feed production.
The Adoption and Impact of Climate-Smart Water Management Technologies in Smallholder Farming Systems of Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Zondo Welcome Ntokozo Sifisosami , Ndoro Jorine Tafadzwa , Mlambo Victor
Published: October 2024

Agriculture plays a significant role in global water consumption, accounting for approximately 70% of the world’s freshwater usage. This makes this sector a critical factor in the depletion of water resources. Accordingly, this paper explores potential mitigatory impacts of climate-smart water management (CSWM) technologies in sub-Saharan Africa. About 70% of the population in sub-Saharan Africa is dependent on agriculture for sustaining their livelihoods. This is despite the low agricultural output in smallholder farming systems (SFS) due to water scarcity. This has spurred several attempts to promote the adoption of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) to raise agricultural outputs and improve smallholder farmers’ livelihoods. However, there has not been a comprehensive analysis of data categorised by various aspects of climate-smart water management technologies. In this systematic literature review, climate-smart water management technologies in sub-Saharan Africa’s agricultural sector were identified and analysed to determine strategies that could enhance their adoption and impact. To this end, academic articles reporting on the adoption of climate-smart water management technologies in databases were reviewed. Four significant literature databases were used. These were limited to Springer Link, ScienceDirect, MDPI, Wiley Online, and Google Scholar. The findings demonstrate that rainwater harvesting and micro-irrigation are the primary climate-smart water management technologies used by smallholder farmers. The literature review shows that adoption of CSWM practices is constrained by inadequate technological infrastructure, financial implications, unsuitable policies, and low user skills, particularly. It is therefore recommended that government agricultural departments and relevant advocates of CSA should incentivise and subsidise smallholder farmers to encourage CSWM technology adoption. This can be achieved through the implementation of suitable policies directed at technological infrastructure development, financial support for adoption, and technical skills training.
Validation of an Enhanced Drinking Water Temperature Model during Distribution
Authors: Blokker Mirjam , Pan Quan , van Laarhoven Karel
Published: October 2024

Drinking water temperatures are expected to increase in the Netherlands due to climate change and the installation of district heating networks as part of the energy transition. To determine effective measures to prevent undesirable temperature increases in drinking water, a model was developed. This model describes the temperature in the drinking water distribution network as a result of the transfer of heat from the climate and above and underground heat sources through the soil. The model consists of two coupled applications. The extended soil temperature model (STM+) describes the soil temperatures using a two-dimensional finite element method that includes a drinking water pipe and two hot water pipes coupled with a micrometeorology model. The extended water temperature model (WTM+) describes the drinking water temperature as a function of the surrounding soil temperature (the boundary temperature resulting from the STM+), the thermal sphere of influence where the drinking water temperature influences the soil temperature, and the hydraulics in the drinking water network. Both models are validated with field measurements. This study describes the WTM+. Previous models did not consider the cooling effect of the drinking water on the surrounding soil, which led to an overestimation of the boundary temperature and how quickly the drinking water temperature reaches this boundary temperature. The field measurements show the improved accuracy of the WTM+ when considering one to two times the radius of the drinking water pipe as the thermal sphere of influence around the pipe.
LSTM Model Integrated Remote Sensing Data for Drought Prediction: A Study on Climate Change Impacts on Water Availability in the Arid Region
Authors: Afan Haitham Abdulmohsin , Almawla Atheer Saleem , Al-Hadeethi Basheer , Khaleel Faidhalrahman , AbdUlameer Alaa H. , Khan Md Munir Hayet , Ma’arof Muhammad Izzat Nor , Kamel Ammar Hatem
Published: October 2024

Climate change is one of the trending terms in the world nowadays due to its profound impact on human health and activity. Extreme drought events and desertification are some of the results of climate change. This study utilized the power of AI tools by using the long short-term memory (LSTM) model to predict the drought index for Anbar Province, Iraq. The data from the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) for 118 years have been used for the current study. The proposed model employed seven different optimizers to enhance the prediction performance. Based on different performance indicators, the results show that the RMSprop and Adamax optimizers achieved the highest accuracy (90.93% and 90.61%, respectively). Additionally, the models forecasted the next 40 years of the SPEI for the study area, where all the models showed an upward trend in the SPEI. In contrast, the best models expected no increase in the severity of drought. This research highlights the vital role of machine learning models and remote sensing in drought forecasting and the significance of these applications by providing accurate climate data for better water resources management, especially in arid regions like that of Anbar province.
Can Enhanced Information Systems and Citizen Science Improve Groundwater Governance? Lessons from Morocco, Portugal and Spain
Authors: Sanchis-Ibor Carles , Bouzidi Zhour , Varanda Marta Pedro , López-Pérez Esther , Rinaudo Jean-Daniel , Nieto-Romero Marta , García-Mollá Marta , Faysse Nicolas , Rubio-Martín Adrià , Kchikech Zakia , Nejjari Abdelouahab , Lopez-Gunn Elena , Boubekri Fatima Zahrae , Pulido-Velazquez Manuel
Published: October 2024

New information and communication technologies have a significant potential to increase the transparency of aquifer management and improve groundwater governance. This research experiments the introduction of a mobile application that allows users to transfer and share information about their groundwater extractions and receive agroclimatic information and groundwater data. It takes place in three different aquifers in Morocco, Portugal, and Spain, each with varied institutional frameworks. This research tests and evaluates the potential of enhanced information systems and citizen science applied to groundwater management and aims to identify some factors that facilitate or hinder their adoption and implementation. To do this, the researchers developed a 4-year plan based on surveys, semi-structured interviews, meetings, participatory workshops, and public round tables with local actors. The main lesson learned from the comparative analysis of these three experiences is that the use of enhanced information systems is more positively perceived, accepted, and adopted when an appropriate social and institutional framework exists and that the more consolidated this framework is, the easier they will be to implement and develop enhanced information systems.
Epidemiological characteristics of measles in the Ryazan region in 2000–2023: current trends and unresolved problems
Authors:   FGBOU VO Ryazan State Medical Universit y named after Academician I. P. Pavlov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia, Senkina E. L. , Zdolnik T. D. ,   FGBOU VO Ryazan State Medical Universit y named after Academician I. P. Pavlov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia, Burtasova M. S. ,   FGBOU VO Ryazan State Medical Universit y named after Academician I. P. Pavlov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia
Published: October 2024

The aim of the work was to analyze and identify the features of the epidemic process of measles in the Ryazan region in 2000–2023. Based on the study of materials from state reports «On the state of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population.» It was found that there was no constant circulation of the measles virus in the Ryazan region in 2000–2023. There have been periodic increases in morbidity due to the importation of the pathogen with its subsequent spread among unvaccinated individuals. The main reasons for the deterioration of the epidemic situation were errors in the immunoprophylaxis of the population, mainly associated with refusals of preventive vaccinations and violation of immunization schemes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Taking into account the identified features, a set of measures aimed at achieving the elimination of measles in the studied region is proposed.
Phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma from the standpoint of molecular genetic typing (polymorphisms rs2069812 of the IL-5 gene and rs1837253 of the TSLP gene)
Authors:   Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,, Babanov S. A. , Baykova A. G. ,   Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,, Strizhakov L. A. ,   Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, FGOAU HE "I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Agarkova A. S. ,   Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Currently, occupational bronchial asthma is considered as a pheno typically and genetically heterogeneous disease. Molecular genotyping opens up new op portunities in assessing the development, predicting the characteristics of the course and personalized approach to pharmacotherapy of occupational bronchial asthma, as well as in developing an individual strategy for its prevention. The purpose of the study is to determine clinical, immunological and genetic markers of the risk of developing PrAD under conditions of exposure to sensitizing substances based on the results of assessing the rs2069812 polymorphic variants of the IL5 gene and the rs1837253 polymorphic variants of the TSLP gene. Materials and methods. The study included 170 patients with various phenotypes of PBA and 50 controls. Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using primers and probes designed using PrimerQuest (Intergrated DNA Technologies, Inc.). Re sults. The study identified for the first time genetic markers of PBA risk under conditions of exposure to sensitizing substances: polymorphic variants rs2069812 of the IL-5 gene and polymorphic variants rs1837253 of the TSLP gene. This allows us to recommend the deter mination of these immunological parameters and genetic markers during in-depth periodic medical examinations of people working under conditions of exposure to sensitizing and irri tating substances, for differential diagnosis of various phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma. Limitations of the study. The study has regional (Samara region) and professional (in terms of detailing working conditions in the comparison groups studied) limitations. Conclusion. Identified genotypic features in various phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma, established profiles of genotypes of occupational bronchial asthma can optimize the approach to early diagnosis, prognosis and prevention and pharmacotherapy of this dis ease, as well as recommend a list of genetic studies for use during preliminary and periodic medical examinations, in-depth examination of patients occupational bronchial asthma in occupational disease clinics and occupational pathology centers, to establish a genetic pre disposition to the development of occupational bronchial asthma, rational employment in professions associated with sensitizing and irritating substances.
Pathobiochemical mechanisms of diabetic polyneuropathy development
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Stepanova L. Yu. ,   Tyumen State Medical University",   of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Shumeiko E. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Tyumen State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Koltsova E. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Tyumen State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Vakulenko Yu. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Tyumen State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Many clinicians have pointed out the different timing of the onset of diabetic polyneuropathy and microvascular complications from the onset of diabetes. In some patients, damage to the peripheral nervous system preceded the development of diabetes, while in others it did not occur at all or manifested itself many years after the development of glucose metabolism disorders. In this regard, a genetic predisposition to the early development of microangiopathy and peripheral neurological complications has been hypothesized. Subsequent studies confirmed the hereditary determination of a number of enzymes and non-enzymatic protein molecules that affect the permeability of the vascular wall and increase its sensitivit y to hyperglycemia.
أثر النظام اللغوي في التغيرات الصوتية للألفاظ العربية الدخيلة في اللغة التركية
Authors: Abazoğlu Muhammet
Published: October 2024

تخضع كل لغة لنظام خاص يضبط أصواتها وبناء كلماتها وتراكيبها وتكوين عباراتها. ومع ذلك فإن هناك وجوه شبه بين اللغات الإنسانية بشكل عام. اللغة العربية واللغة التركية من اللغات التي أثرتا في بعضهما تأثيراً واضحاً على مر التاريخ. ونتيجة هذا التأثير المتبادل بينهما ظهرت الكلمات المقترضة التي شكَّلت رصيداً مهماً من مخزون كلتا اللغتين سواء في الجانب الاستعمالي من اللغة أو في الجانب النظري. ولكن الكثير من هذه الكلمات لم تبق كما في لغتها الأصلية. بل صِيغت وفقًا لبنية اللغة الآخذة واكتسبت نمطاً جديداً في رسهما ونطقها. يحاول هذا البحث عرض هذا النوع من الكلمات في اللغة التركية، ومقارنتها بلفظها الموجود في اللغة العربية بعد أن تعرضت للتغيرات الصوتية وتكيفت ضمن قالب جديد. كما اهتم البحث بالحديث عن العلاقة بين اللغتين، ثم الحديث عن نوع هذه التغيرات التي أصابت الألفاظ، مثل الاختلاف في أصوات اللين ومقاييسها، الاختلاف في الصوامت ومخارجها، الاختلاف في المجهور والمهموس، ومظاهر المماثلة والمخالفة.
Osmanlı Hukukunda Kazf ve Hakaret Suçları: Teorik ve Pratik Bir İnceleme
Authors: Bayder Osman , Küçük Muhammed Mustafa
Published: October 2024

Son dönem bazı çalışmalarda Osmanlı Devleti’nin fıkıhtan ziyade kendisine özgü örfî hukuku tatbik ettiği iddia edilirken buna mukabil bazı çalışmalar ise Osmanlı’nın tamamen fıkha riayet ettiğini söylemektedir. Bu makalenin amacı ceza hukukunun belli bir alanı üzerinden Osmanlı hukukunun fıkıh ile ilişkisini ortaya koymaya yardımcı olmaktır. Çalışmada öncelikli olarak Osmanlı hukukunun kaynakları arasında zikredilen kanunnamelerde kazf ve hakaret suçlarının nasıl yer aldığı incelenmiş, sonrasında Osmanlı’nın önemli şeyhülislamlarının Fetâvâ’larında kazf ve hakarete ilişkin fetvaları çıkarılmıştır. Sonrasında ise 16-18. yüzyıllar arasında İstanbul ve Üsküdar mahkemelerindeki kazf ve hakaret davaları incelenmiş ve bunlar, kanunnameler, fetvalar ve Hanefi fıkıh kitaplarıyla karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece hem teori hem hukuk pratiği açısından Osmanlı hukukunun mahiyetine ilişkin bazı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.
Current Business Process Improvement in PT Vidio Dot Com
Authors: Shella Shella , Karmudiandri Arwina , Handojo Irwanto
Published: October 2024

Merdeka Belajar – Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) is a government program to improve student’s leadership skills, innovation, capacity, personality, and independence. In this era of globalization, competition becomes more challenging especially in the workplace. Therefore, students need to prepare themselves by participating this MBKM program.  This MBKM program was held at PT Vidio Dot Com, a broadcasting company and number one OTT in Indonesia, as a business analyst. The primary work and responsibility a business analyst is improvement project. This project is used to improve current business process held and build neat documentation in all divisions at PT Vidio Dot Com. All MBKM activities are effective and efficient to be conducted. Students can to learn, apply, and obtain several achievements in attitude, knowledge, general skills and special skills. This MBKM program is very feasible to run by the government which students can maximize the time given to increase their abilities and achieve the goal set by the company. Even though there are several limitations and need to be improved, this program also contribute to company and society.
OPTION FOR COMPACTING FINE IRON-CONTAINING MATERIALS FOR METALLURGICAL PRODUCTION
Authors:   Nizhniy Novgorod State Technical University named after R. E. Alekseev, LEUSHIN I.O. , NISHHENKOV A.V. ,   Nizhniy Novgorod State Technical University named after R. E. Alekseev, RYABOVA L.I. ,   Nizhniy Novgorod State Technical University named after R. E. Alekseev, LARIN M.A. ,   Nizhniy Novgorod State Technical University named after R. E. Alekseev
Published: October 2024

The paper presents the results of a study of options for compacting fine iron-containing materials for metallurgical processing. The authors have proposed a method that involves the use of, in addition to an iron-containing material, a thermoplastic binder material. In this case, aggregation of the mixture and strengthening of the resulting aggregates is carried out simultaneously in a closed mold under the influence of pressure and temperature not lower than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic material. It is possible to obtain a compact unit, convenient for storage and transportation, that successfully performs the functions of a charge component during cupola and blast furnace melting of cast iron.
Introduction: A Special Issue on Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory and law
Authors: Nielsen Stine Piilgaard Porner
Published: October 2024

Combating corruption, ordering business practices and regulating the use of artificial intelligence are but some of the challenges of today’s society that socio-legal research engages with. These challenges are often transnational in their character, calling for an analytical toolbox fit to examine phenomena that transcend space and time. Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory offers such a toolbox to examine complicated communicative practices in today’s globalised world. This Special Issue brings together junior and senior socio-legal researchers from the Global South and the Global North who illustrate and exemplify how Luhmann’s systems theoretical framework can be applied and theoretically discussed with the purpose of analysing socio-legal issues of relevance for the world of today. This article first introduces the motivation and aim of the Special Issue. Then, the article introduces key concepts of Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory and sociology of law, followed by a presentation of the articles that constitute the Special Issue.
Corruption in unlikely places
Authors: Pedersen Karin
Published: October 2024

Corruption, defined as the “misuse of public position for private gain”, represents an act of deviance from official duties in the interest of self-enrichment. Denmark is ranked as one of the least corrupt countries in the world. Danish court records, however, show that corruption cases have appeared in the 21st century. Using Luhmann’s systems theory and Foucault’s method of genealogy, this article asks how this has happened. I argue that understanding corruption in Denmark may go back to changes in public administration ideas and practices since the 1990. New Public Management reform has increased the complexity in public administration where meaning horizons of communication related to different functional systems – especially the sub-systems of law and economy – clashes. I theorise and illustrate using court cases how the coexistence of different codes creates an environment for public employees that in some circumstances – however still rare – result in corruption.
Bevezetés a Bandi-monológhoz
Authors: Hadas Miklós
Published: October 2024

Az élet egy játék. Bandi monológja 2022-ben OTKA-támogatást kaptam egy kutatásra, melynek címe: „A plurális habitus mintázatai a romániai és szlovákiai magyar kisebbség körében”. Alapkérdésem, hogy e két országban élő kisebbségi magyarok beállítódásai hogyan változnak az eltérő strukturális kényszerek hatására. Ennek keretében számos életút-interjút készítettem kisebbségi magyar emberekkel a két országban. Néhány interjút monológgá szerkesztettem, azzal a céllal, hogy alkalmasak legyenek a szociológiai interpretáció számára. Az itt közölt szöveg alapját azok a beszélgetések képezik, amelyeket 2023 nyarán vettem föl Mészáros Andrással, a pozsonyi Comenius Egyetem nyugalmazott filozófus-professzorával, az MTA külső tagjával.
A szlovák kisebbségek a közép- és délkelet-európai országokban : A fejlődési dinamika tendenciái
Authors: Botik Ján
Published: October 2024

The aim of this paper is to characterize Slovak minorities in the countries of Central and South-eastern Europe (Hungary, Romania, Serbia and Bulgaria) with regard to the trends of their developmental dynamics. The analysis of these processes will be based on the concept that characterizes cultural processes over time as a relationship of continuity and discontinuity. We investigate if the processes of tradition, i.e. permanence, or the trends of innovation, i.e. change, were more dominant in the development of Slovak minorities and how it related to factors of continuity or discontinuity.
Turizmus, fenntarthatóság és az értékek szerepe
Authors: Bugyi Anett
Published: October 2024

A tanulmány célja, hogy kérdéseket vessen fel a fenntarthatóság, a fenntartható turizmus és az értékek összefüggéseivel kapcsolatban. Mára a fenntarthatóság egyre fontosabb témává válik, és a klímaváltozás egyre fokozódó hatásai miatt az élet egyre több területén jelenik meg a fenntarthatóság iránti igény. A mai élmény- és rizikó alapú társadalmakban pedig a fenntartható tevékenységek egyrészt új élményeket jelentenek, másrészt pedig a környezettudatosabb magatartás segítheti az általános közérzet javítását, sőt akár a klímaszorongás érzetének csökkentését is, azzal, hogy úgy érezzük, saját lehetőségeinkhez mérten teszünk a természetért. Kiemelendő azonban, hogy a mai társadalmakban a fogyasztás központi szerepet játszik, Pine és Gilmore (1999) munkássága alapján pedig az élménygazdaság korában bizonyos élményekért hajlandóak vagyunk többet is fizetni. Éppen ezért azt gondolom, hogy a turizmus kapcsán jól vizsgálható, hogy a fenntarthatóság mennyire jelenik meg értékként a turisták körében.
A „bérlői generáció” jelenség elemzése
Authors: Varga Áron
Published: October 2024

A tanulmányban Merton feszültség elméletéből (1938) kiindulva és azt más szociológiai elméletekkel kiegészítve arra teszek kísérletet, hogy rámutassak arra, hogy az ingatlantulajdonos társadalmakban a „bérlői generáció” tagjai ki vannak zárva a saját ingatlanszerzés lehetőségéből, az alapvető materiális és gazdasági hátrányokon túl is előnytelen helyzetben vannak a társadalom idősebb, ingatlantulajdonos tagjaihoz képest. Ennek a hátrányos helyzetnek az alapjai abban kereshetők, hogy a „bérlői generáció” tagjai számára a magántulajdonú ingatlanszerzés a társadalmilag általánosan elfogadott és elvárt cél, melyhez nincsenek meg az intézményesen elfogadott eszközeik, ennek következtében pedig feszültséget, frusztrációt éreznek.
Humor, nevetés és antropológia
Authors: Szabó Miklós
Published: October 2024

A tanulmány a humor és a nevetés sokrétű szerepét vizsgálja antropológiai kontextusban, feltárva, hogy ezek a jelenségek miként tárják fel a társadalmi struktúrákat és a kulturális gyakorlatokat. A humor, mint az emberi tapasztalat univerzális aspektusa, betekintést nyújt egy közösség mélyebb működési módjaiba, tükrözve a kulturális konstrukciók és az emberi sokféleség összetett kölcsönhatását.
Sezgisel Bulanık Normlu Uzaylarda Sezgisel f ve ψ Bulanık Daralma Dönüşüm Sınıfları için Yaklaşık Sabit Nokta Özelliği
Authors: Cona Lale , Güzel Tan Gizem
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada, klasik analizde ve bulanık metrik uzaylarda tanımlı f ve ψ daralma dönüşüm sınıflarının sezgisel bulanık normlu uzaylar için yeni versiyonları tanımlanacaktır. Ayrıca, bu dönüşümlerin sezgisel bulanık normlu uzaylarda hangi şartlar altında yaklaşık sabit nokta özelliğini sağladığı gösterilecektir. Bulunan sonuç örneklerle desteklenecektir.
Sulardan Bentonit ile Nikel ve Kadmiyum Gideriminde Sıcaklık, Doz, Boyut ve Temas Süresinin Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Güllü Özlem , Çetin Nahide Feyza
Published: October 2024

Ağır metaller, birikim özelliği ve sucul ortamlardan uzaklaştırılmasındaki güçlük gibi nedenlerle suların kalitesinin bozulup kirlenmesine yol açmaktadır. Nikel ve kadmiyum da bu ağır metalar arasında yer almaktadır. Adsorban olarak Eskişehir bölgesinden temin edilen bentonitin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada sentetik olarak hazırlanan sudaki nikel ve kadmiyumun giderimi amaçlanmıştır. Bentonit kili üzerine nikel ve kadmiyumun maksimum adsorpsiyonunu sağlamak amacıyla pH değeri, adsorban dozu, karıştırma süresi, hız ve metal iyonu konsantrasyonu gibi parametreler incelenmiş, analiz edilmiş ve optimizasyonu sağlanmıştır. Deneysel veriler Langmuir ve Freundlich adsorpsiyon izotermine uyarlamıştır. 0.1 Adsorban boyutu deneylerinde ise en yüksek verim, Nikel için 0,5 mm olarak belirlenirken kadmiyum için ise >2 mm boyutta tespit edilmiştir. Deneysel verilerin Langmuir ve Freundlich adsorpsiyon modellerine uyduğu görülmektedir. Çalışma sonucunda, Eskişehir bölgesinden elde edilen bentonit kilinin sulu çözeltiden kadmiyumun ve nikelin uzaklaştırılması için etkili bir şekilde kullanılabileceği ortaya konmuştur.
Self-Efficacy: Readiness of Teachers in Inclusive Schools
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Novembli Meta Silfia , Hasanah Nisaul
Published: October 2024

Inclusive education involves ensuring that all students, including those with disabilities, have access to and participate fully in their educational environment as a fundamental right. Central to this is the concept of teacher self-efficacy, which refers to a teacher's belief in their ability to effectively instruct diverse learners. Teachers with high self-efficacy are more likely to approach disabilities with a positive and inclusive mindset, whereas those with lower self-efficacy often demonstrate less inclusive attitudes. This study aimed to assess whether teachers in inclusive primary schools possess the self-efficacy needed to effectively teach students with disabilities. A descriptive and quantitative methodology was employed, involving all 40 teachers within the study. Findings revealed that teachers in inclusive elementary schools tend to exhibit lower self-efficacy when addressing disabilities outside their area of expertise. Across various self-efficacy dimensions—such as inclusive teaching, collaboration, and behavior management—teachers were generally rated as moderate, regardless of the extent of direct interaction with students with disabilities. The results indicate a need for targeted professional development and training to enhance teachers' ability to support students with disabilities more effectively.
Bridging the Gap: Empowering Lecturers through Effective Quality Management Practices in Higher Education
Authors: Muharlisiani Lusy Tunik , Kaswadi Kaswadi , Mulawarman Widyatmike Gede , Wisnujati Nugrahini Susantinah , Karjati Pratiwi Dwi , Idris Azlina
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to identify the factors affecting self-esteem and confidence among educators and how these factors influence their teaching effectiveness. The study employs a qualitative approach to explore self-esteem and lecturer performance. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed both concurrently and post-collection to ensure comprehensive understanding and immediate adjustment of interview questions as needed. The findings revealed that lecturers with low self-esteem and confidence often struggle with managing emotions and maintaining a balanced psychological state. The most significant contributor to low confidence was found to be an individual's personality, specifically their ability to control emotions. The study demonstrated that the primary driver of self-esteem is not stress, but an imbalance in mental processes. Additionally, this research developed a scale to measure self-esteem using two dimensions: acute fatigue and cognitive distortion. For confidence, the scale includes the dimensions of certainty and the reduction of certainty. These scales provide valuable tools for assessing and addressing issues of self-esteem and confidence among educators, ultimately contributing to improved teaching effectiveness and educational quality. The study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the role of personality traits and emotional regulation in lecturer burnout and self-esteem, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach in addressing these issues in higher education.
Aislamiento, selección y estudio de cepas de Trichoderma spp. y hongos entomopatógenos nativos para el control de Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Helotiales: Sclerotinacae) y Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) en cultivo de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors:   , Varela Pardo Ricardo Arturo
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo fue seleccionar microorganismos promisorios como Agentes de Control Biológico (ACB). Se visitaron predios florihortícolas ubicados en Buenos Aires, Argentina, de los cuales se obtuvo un total de 41 muestras de suelo. Se utilizaron las técnicas de insecto trampa y diluciones seriadas de suelo para la obtención de aislamientos de los géneros Metarhizium y Trichoderma respectivamente. Se obtuvieron un total de 20 aislamientos, cinco pertenecientes al género Metarhizium y 15 correspondientes al género Trichoderma. Los aislamientos fueron liofilizados y depositados como cultivos de referencia en la Colección Micológica del Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE). Se realizaron estudios de cultivos duales de los aislamientos frente a los patógenos Botrytis cinerea y Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Se seleccionaron 11 aislamientos para la realización de estudios de promoción de crecimiento en plantas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum). Los aislamientos de Metarhizium taii Liang & Liu (1991) CEP-722, CEP-723 y de Trichoderma afroharzianum Chaverri, Rocha, Degenkolb & Druzhinina (2015) CEP-753 y CEP-754, identificados molecularmente por medio de la amplificación de las zonas ITS y TEF1α, presentaron los mejores resultados en las pruebas de cultivo dual y promoción de crecimiento. La cepa CEP-722 de la especie Metarhizium taii y la cepa CEP-754 de la especie Trichoderma afroharzianum fueron sometidas a pruebas de patogenicidad en estados inmaduros de Bemisia tabaci. La cepa CEP-722 presentó capacidad patogénica sobre ninfas de B. tabaci con un porcentaje de muertes por infección fúngica cercano al 30%.
Global earthquakes in the first half of 2024 according to the GS RAS
Authors: Vinogradov Yu.A. , Ryzhikova M.I. , Petrova N.V. , Poygina S.G. , Kolomiets M.V.
Published: October 2024

Description of the Earth seismicity at the level of mb (MS)≥6.0 in the first half of 2024 is pro-vided. А total of 60 earthquakes are included in the list with such magnitudes. Also information on 77 earthquakes felt on the territory of the Russian Federation according to the Alert Service of the Geophysical Survey RAS is given. For the eight strongest events, information messages were published within one to two days after their occurrence, and parameters of their focal mecha-nisms were calculated. During the period under review, the strongest global earthquake with MS=7.7 (Mw=7.3) occurred on April 2 on the northeast coast of Taiwan Island. As a result, twelve people died and about a thousand were injured. The greatest human casualties and materi-al damage were caused by the catastrophic earthquake on January 1 with MS=7.3 (Mw=7.3) on the west coast of Honshu Island, Japan, which caused 240 deaths and 1,036 injuries. On the terri-tory of Russia, the most noticeable (intensity Ii=5 in the nearest settlements) were two earth-quakes: on January 15 with mb=5.5 (Mw=5.2) in the area of Lake Baikal in Buryatia and on May 6 with MS=5.0 (Mw=5.3) in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. The seismic energy released on the globe for the first half of 2024 (sum(E0.5)=1.29≥∙1017 J) increased compared to that in the 2023 second half, but remained below the average semi-annual value for the period of 2010–2023 (sum(E0.5)=2.24≥∙1017 J).
Seismic moment of local earthquakes in the central part of the Baikal rift by the coda envelope inversion
Authors: Predein P.A. , Khritova M.A.
Published: October 2024

The article presents an estimation of scalar seismic moment by the coda envelope inversion of local earthquakes recordings in the central part of the Baikal rift zone. In addition to the earthquake source parameters, the method allows us to simultaneously estimate seismic energy loss and site amplification factors for frequency bands from 0.53 to 34 Hz. Because of the compromise between spectral source energy and site responses, we estimated amplification factors for used stations relative to the "UlanUde" (UUDB) reference site located in crystalline rock. In order to estimate intrinsic and scattering attenuation we used events recorded at three broadband seismic stations and epicentral distances between 40 and 120 km. The result suggests that intrinsic absorption is dominant over scattering attenuation in the central part of the Baikal rift zone for most frequency bands, but the seismic albedo B0, expressing the contribution of scattering to the total attenuation, showed variations from 0.23 to 0.6 for frequencies below 1 Hz, with mean B0 value 0.33. Attenuation and siteamplification factors were used to estimate the seismic moment and moment magnitudes Mw of local earthquakes. The resultant moment magnitudes exhibit a good agreement with routinely reported local magnitude (ML) estimates for the study area. The coda inversion estimates of seismic moment provide stable, unbiased moment magnitudes for events that are too small to be seen at teleseismic distances.
Multifunctional Image Enhancement Tool with Image Processing Methods
Authors: Kara Caner , Yalçınkaya Mehmet Ali , Açıkgözoğlu Enes , Arısoy4 Ayhan
Published: October 2024

The success of image-based machine learning and deep learning algorithms depends on the amount and variety of data sets. The richness and heterogeneity of the dataset has a direct impact on the capacity of the model to generalize to new, previously unknown data. Obtaining a large number and variety of images is a very difficult and laborious process, especially for practical applications to be developed in areas such as health, industry and agriculture. If this difficulty cannot be overcome, the performance of machine learning models may decrease or may not reach the desired level at all. This problem may lead to problems such as poor performance or overfitting of the developed models. To solve this problem, data augmentation techniques are used to increase the amount and variety of data sets. These strategies help to provide the necessary data set for the model to learn more successfully. In this publication, we present an image improvement tool that is specifically developed for academics working with limited data sets. This tool uses a variety of data augmentation techniques, including rotation, zooming, panning, noise addition, and blurring, to expand the scale and diversity of available data. This application offers a realistic method for dealing with the issues of limited data availability in machine learning research.