bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Indian foreign policy negotiates federalism: a case study of the role of the constituent states
Authors: Chatterjee Shibashis , Maitra Sreya
Published: January 2023

India’s centre-heavy federalism suffered dual downturns in the 1990s, with the tides of globalization and economic liberalization challenging the sanctity of borders and the incidence of coalition politics increasing the salience of regional equations and demands. But Indian foreign policy in the 1990s remained the almost exclusive preserve of the Centre, ruled by several coalitions of political parties like the National Front (1989-1996), United Front (1996-1998). As Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s popular yet controversial regime is poised at the middle of its second term in 2022 (beginning in 2019), the continued showcasing of the Centre’s leadership in foreign policy decisions, high-profile bilateral and multilateral engagements, bold collisions with uneasy neighbours, are only matched with the unilateralism exhibited within the borders. Given the oft-reported instances of acute voices of assertions by the states on various issues ranging from illegal and forced migration, resource-sharing, or economic development involving neighbouring countries, a stock-taking is needed, to explore how genuinely federal is India’s foreign policy. In other words, the role of the constituent states in leveraging influence and bargaining for their due share of active involvement as stakeholders, merits critical academic intervention. When tested against real cases, two observations can be made. The dynamics shaping federalism and foreign policy may not just involve the Centre and the states but involve local/regional factors and influences from across international borders as well. Second, there is no causal link between the nature of the government in power at the Centre, Union-state political equations, and the imperatives across the borders between provinces and neighbouring countries. This study examines three case studies; West Bengal, Assam, and the Northeast, to reveal that foreign policy operates within the constitutionally designed structures of federalism in India by negotiating recurrent complexities of politics and deceives regional stakeholders or states with narratives of inclusiveness.
DISTRIBUTION AND MIGRATION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE MINOR RIVER BASINS IN THE WEST OF THE SMOLENSK-MOSCOW UPLAND AS AN INDICATOR FOR ASSESSING LANDSCAPE STABILITY
Authors: Revina Oksana A. , Ermoshkina Galina F.
Published: January 2023

Hydrological objects link the landscape into connected basins of the paragenetic system through energy and matter migration. It determines the relevance of geochemical monitoring of minor river basins as a condition for designing an effective ecological framework for the territory. We tried to identify regularities of the spatial distribution and migration of chemical elements in the basins of minor rivers in the west of the Smolensk-Moscow Upland. The method of cross-spectrum geochemical analysis helped us to study the river basins of the Vop-Dnieper hydrological region. We compiled 47 complex landscape descriptions. Thus, the maximum calcium and movable magnesium cations values are determined in the super-aqual landscapes of the river basins under study. In the minor river valleys, we find outwash of organic compounds from the outer layers of the geochemical landscape. The research determines the maximum values of the studied elements in the soils of super-aqual landscapes through migration with subsurface and surface run-off. The minimum values are in the eluvial landscape, where there is a partial loss of geochemically movable forms of metals, which increases due to acid and weak-acid reactions of the environment. Partial outwash of metals, in particular copper and zinc, happens to organic compounds of soils. Trans-eluvial landscape loses trace elements. However, some of them are retained due to falling out of solutions and suspensions. Calculations have shown that copper (conjugation coefficient is 2–3) and zinc (conjugation coefficient is approximately 2) are most actively involved in the migration. In contrast, manganese is less active. The research results present an assessment of the features related to the landscape-geochemical differentiation of the territory of the west of the Smolensk-Moscow Upland from the upper areas of watersheds to the lower elements of landscape-geochemical catenae, including simple drainage basins of minor rivers. The research shows that the active migration of chemical elements characterizes the minor river basins. They are indicators of the geochemical state of the landscape. One can use the research results to assess a landscape-ecological condition, improve an environmental management system, and optimize the natural environment.
MANAGEMENT MODELS OF AGRARIAN PRODUCTION TAKING INTO ACCOUNT NATURAL AND TECHNOGENIC IMPACTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kovaleva Eugenia A. , Ivanyo Yaroslav M.
Published: January 2023

It is proposed to take into account the damage from man-made and natural impacts in ecological and mathematical models for optimizing agricultural production by introducing coefficients of negative impact on the environment in the mathematical model. An algorithm for determining the coefficients of negative influence in conditions of incomplete information is proposed. These indicators characterize water and wind erosion of soils, land pollution and soil degradation as a result of the activities of agricultural producers. The formulation and solution of the problem of optimizing the production of agricultural products with an assessment of damage to nature in the conditions of economic activity and climatic phenomena are given. The developed linear programming model contains in the objective function and constraints the coefficients of negative influence in the form of interval estimates. An applied extreme problem was solved for two agricultural enterprises of Eastern Siberia. Its capabilities are shown for planning the production of agricultural products in conditions of minimizing damage to the external environment.
INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC FACTORS ON THE CROP OF WINTER WHEAT AND THE SPRING BARLEY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DRY STEPPE OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION
Authors: Seminchenko Elena V. , Solonkin Andrey V.
Published: January 2023

Background. Grain – food for both human and animals. Therefore, to increase grain production requires an increase in sowing areas. With the help of programs, you can calculate the amount of precipitation on a given yield and control the bioproductivity of grain crops on the bog. Studies were conducted in land use “Goro-Dichenskoye” Cadastral number 34:03:000000:6.

Purpose. To determine the influence of climatic factors (moisture availability, temperature) on the formation of the harvest of winter wheat and spring barley in the conditions of the dry-steppe zone of the Lower Volga region.

Materials and methods. Accounting and observations were: recommendation on the methodology for conducting observations and research in the fields of the NII of the Southeast, Saratov, 1973; Methods of experimental work B.A. Armorovov (Armpecov, 1985). The content of the total moisture in the soil is set by the thermostatic-weight method. Soil samples are taken on dynamic sites to a depth of 0-100 cm after 10 cm in three-time repetition. The breakdown of crops take into account the quantitative-weight method by overlapping (0.25 m2) in the cultures of solid sowing and (1 m2) in 10 places of the plots on two non-negative repairs. The number of weeds is determined by groups, as well as their weight in the cheese and air-dry state. Accounting for crop solid, daily.

Results. Studies have shown that in the dry-thermal zone of the Lower Volga region, meteorological conditions play an important role and affect the yield of grain crops. Cold autumn and low precipitation influenced the germination of winter wheat, and therefore on yield. The replenishment of moisture due to spring precipitation influenced the yield of the spring barley, where it varied from 18.0 c/ha to 32.0 c / ha. The sediments also influenced annual weeds, their numbers were fluid depending on the soil processing from 199 to 488 pcs/ha.

Conclusion. Studies have shown that the cultivation of the spring barley, depending on the developing conditions of the year, may be more economically appropriate in the conditions of the dry-steppe zone of light-chestnut soils of the Volgograd region.
Foot arches and physical fitness of 5-year-old children
Authors: Wasiluk Agnieszka , Saczuk Jerzy , Górniak Krystyna , Lichota Małgorzata
Published: January 2023

Introduction Preschool age is a period of further changes in physical development, improvement of motor skills, and strengthening of the child's movement apparatus. At that time, especially between the ages of 4 and 7, morpho-functional changes in the feet are observed, leading to their longitudinal and transverse arches. The aim of the research was to try to assess the relationship between the curvature of the feet and the level of fitness and coordination abilities of children under the age of 5. Material and methods  414 children aged 5 participated in the study, including 178 girls and 236 boys. Podoscopic examination made it possible to assess the longitudinal arch of the feet using the Clarke's angle. The level of the child's motor development was characterized on the basis of the results of the tests of the Physical Fitness Test for Sekita's Preschoolers, and the Great Motility Test TGMD II was used to assess the coordination abilities. The results were statistically processed. Differences between the selected groups were estimated with the Student's t-test for independent groups. Results Based on our own research, it was found that preschoolers with flat feet are characterized by significantly lower body height and a higher BMI. On the other hand, such differences were not noted in body weight. On the other hand, the analysis of fitness abilities and motor predispositions proved the occurrence of small and insignificant differences between the described syndromes. Conclusion Therefore, it can be assumed that at this stage of ontogenesis, the level of the arched feet does not have a significant effect on the motor skills of the studied children.
Alkali Lignin-Based Hydrogel: Synthesis, Characterization, and Impact on Soil Water Retention From Near Saturation to Dryness
Authors: Adjuik Toby A. , Nokes Sue E. , Montross Michael , Wendroth Ole , Walton Riley
Published: January 2023

Highlights

A lignin-based hydrogel was synthesized and shown to possess a swelling ratio of 2013%.

The hydrogel contained important hydrophilic hydroxyl groups and macropores for water retention.

The hydrogel improved soil water retention in silt loam soil at high matric potentials and in the dry soil range.

Increasing hydrogel concentration increased water retention in a loamy fine sand soil at high and low matric potentials.

Abstract. Superabsorbent polymers (hydrogels) have been proposed as soil amendments to increase the amount of plant-available water in the soil. Synthetic hydrogels have been widely investigated for use in agriculture. Due to increasing environmental concerns related to synthetic hydrogels, naturally sourced hydrogels are of interest because of their potential for increased biodegradability and biocompatibility. A lignin-based hydrogel was synthesized for this study, and its swelling properties and water absorption capacity were determined. The hydrogel was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and gas pycnometry. A hanging water column, pressure plate apparatus, and dew point potentiometer were used to measure the soil water retention curve from saturation to oven-dryness for silt loam and loamy fine sand soils after amendment with the lignin-based hydrogel. Results showed a maximum swelling ratio in deionized water of 2013% of the hydrogel’s original mass, 1092% in tap water, and 825% in a 0.9% NaCl solution. The FTIR spectra of the hydrogel showed the presence of O-H bonds from the lignin structure, which renders the hydrogel reactive to a crosslinker and forms insoluble bonds, thereby allowing the hydrogel to swell when exposed to water. SEM images of the lignin hydrogels indicate large macropores, which allowed for water absorption. Applying hydrogels significantly increased the soil's water-holding capacity at 0.3% (w/w) treatment. Hydrogel treatment significantly increased water retention at saturation or near saturation by 0.12 cm3 cm-3 and at field capacity by 0.08 cm3 cm-3 for silt loam soil at 1% (w/w) treatment compared to the control treatment with no added lignin hydrogel. Hydrogel application increased water retention over the range of the soil water retention curve from -3 to -15,000 cm for the loamy fine sand soil at 1% (w/w) treatment. However, the application of lignin-based hydrogel did not affect plant available water capacity (PAWC) in either soil tested. These results serve as preliminary evidence upon which further lignin-based hydrogel amendment studies could be built by testing higher concentrations of hydrogel in the soil. Keywords: Lignin, Soil water retention curve, Super absorbent polymers, Swelling capacity, Water retention.
Multi-Chamber Actuator Using Digital Pump for Position and Velocity Control Applied in Aircraft
Authors: Nostrani Marcos Paulo , Raduenz Henrique , Dell’Amico Alessandro , Krus Anders Petter , Negri Victor J. De
Published: January 2023

This paper presents a multi-chamber hydraulic actuator controlled by digital pumps and on/off valves, in order to improve the efficiency of hydraulic systems applied in aircraft for flight control. Hydraulic positioning systems are used in many different applications, such as mobile machinery, industry and aerospace. In aircraft, the hydraulic actuators are used at flight control surfaces, cargo doors, steering, landing gear and so one. However, the massive use of resistive control techniques, which throttles the passages of the hydraulic fluid, associated with internal leakage of the hydraulic components, make these systems low energy efficient. In order to improve their energy efficiency, digital hydraulics emerges as a promising solution mainly for mobile applications. In this paper a hydraulic positioning system for aircraft control surfaces using a multi-chamber actuator controlled by on/off valves and a digital pump is proposed. The use of a digital pump with three fixed displacement pumps can provide eight different volumetric displacement outputs. The multi-chamber actuator with four areas can operate in two different modes, normal or regenerative, resulting in six different equivalent areas. The regenerative mode allows the actuator to achieve higher actuation velocity values with smaller pumps. These equivalent areas combined with the different supplied flow rates can deliver 43 different discrete output velocity values for the actuator, in steady-state. For the system dynamic analyses, three mathematical simulation models were developed using MATLAB/Simulink and Hopsan, one for the digital system, and two for the conventional solutions applied in aircraft (Servo Hydraulic Actuators (SHA) and Electro Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA)). The simulation results demonstrate that the digital actuator can achieve, for position control, a maximum position error, in a steady-state, of 0.7 mm. From the energy consumption point of view, the digital circuit consumes 31 times less energy when compared with the SHA and 1.7 when compared to the EHA, resulting in an energy efficiency of 54%.
Simulation and Experiment of Electromagnet for High-Speed On-off Valve for Vehicle Shifting System
Authors: Yang Qingjun , Liu Yudong , Zhu Rui , Mao Qi , Dong Rizhi , Jiang Hongxuan
Published: January 2023

The high-speed on-off valve is the core component for adjusting the oil pressure of the pressure reducing valve in the clutch shifting system of engineering vehicles, and its response speed is one of the important indicators to measure its performance. In order to improve the dynamic performance of high-speed on-off valve, the electromagnet with solid magnetic isolation structure was designed and simulated by considering the eddy current loss factor. A high-speed on-off valve electromagnetic actuator with high response speed was obtained. Firstly, the theoretical calculation and verification of the theory were carried out by using the electromagnet design theory, and the theoretical model of the electromagnet was built. Secondly, the electromagnet parameter model was brought into the finite element simulation software ANSYS Electronics to simulate and optimize the static magnetic field and the transient magnetic field respectively. The different structural parameters (guide bush thickness, outer magnetic pole thickness, magnetic isolation structure, armature length) were analyzed. And the effect of the coil parameters (number of strands) on the steady-state electromagnetic force and the dynamic displacement of the armature was analyzed. The values of the structural parameters of the electromagnet were subsequently determined. Finally, the static and dynamic characteristics experiment of the magnetically separated solid electromagnet is designed and processed. The experiment and simulation results are in good agreement. The feasibility of the high-resistance electromagnet structure design and the correctness of the simulation are verified. Reasonable optimization of structural parameters and coil parameters has obvious significance for improving the dynamic characteristics of high-speed on-off valve electromagnets.
High overall performance uni-traveling carrier photodiodes for sub-THz wave generation
Authors: Chen Jianwei , Hao Ran , Zhen Zheng , Jiang Huaqing , Tang Kaida , Chen Chenyuan , Jin Shangzhong
Published: January 2023

Modified near-ballistic uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes with improved overall performances were studied theoretically and experimentally. A bandwidth up to 0.2 THz with a 3 dB bandwidth of 136 GHz and large output power of 8.22 dBm (99 GHz) under the −2V bias voltage were obtained. The device exhibits good linearity in the photocurrent-optical power curve even at large input optical power, with a responsivity of 0.206 A/W. Physical explanations for the improved performances have been made in detail. The absorption layer and the collector layer were optimized to retain a high built-in electric field around the interface, which not only ensures the smoothness of the band structure but also facilitates the near-ballistic transmission of uni-traveling carriers. The obtained results may find potential applications in future high-speed optical communication chips and high-performance terahertz sources.
Dynamics of Kramers-Henneberger atoms in focused laser beams of circular polarization
Authors: Wei Qi , Zhang Yan , Wang Jiaxiang , Wang Pingxiao
Published: January 2023

In intense laser fields, electrons of atoms will follow the laser field and undergo quiver motion just like free electrons but still weakly bound to the atomic core, thus forming a set of specific dressed states named Kramers-Henneberger (KH) states, which comprise the KH atoms. In a focused laser beam, in addition to Ponderomotive (PM) force, KH atoms will experience KH force, which is unique to KH atoms. We examine both PM and KH forces as well as corresponding velocity gain of hydrogen and helium atoms in a focused laser field with circular polarization. We work out laser parameters which can be used in experimental confirmation of circularly polarized KH atoms.
A critical interpretive synthesis of power and mistreatment of women in maternity care
Authors: Schaaf Marta , Jaffe Maayan , Tunçalp Özge , Freedman Lynn
Published: January 2023

Labouring women may be subjected to physical and verbal abuse that reflects dynamics of power, described as Mistreatment of Women (MoW). This Critical Interpretive Synthesis on power and MoW consolidates current research and advances theory and practice through inter-disciplinary literature exploration. The review was undertaken in 3 phases. Phase 1 consisted of topic scoping; phase 2 entailed exploration of key power-related drivers emerging from the topic scoping; and phase 3 entailed data synthesis and analysis, with a particular focus on interventions. We identified 63 papers for inclusion in Phase 1. These papers utilized a variety of methods and approaches and represented a wide range of geographic regions. The power-related drivers of mistreatment in these articles span multiple levels of the social ecological model, including intrapersonal (e.g. lack of knowledge about one’s rights), interpersonal (e.g. patient-provider hierarchy), community (e.g. widespread discrimination against indigenous women), organizational (e.g. pressure to achieve performance goals), and law/policy (e.g. lack of accountability for rights violations). Most papers addressed more than one level of the social-ecological model, though a significant minority were focused just on interpersonal factors. During Phase 1, we identified priority themes relating to under-explored power-related drivers of MoW for exploration in Phase 2, including lack of conscientization and normalization of MoW; perceptions of fitness for motherhood; geopolitical and ethnopolitical projects related to fertility; and pressure to achieve quantifiable performance goals. We ultimately included 104 papers in Phase 2. The wide-ranging findings from Phase 3 (synthesis and analysis) coalesce in several key meta-themes, each with their own evidence-base for action. Consistent with the notion that research on power can point us to “drivers of the drivers,” the paper includes some intervention-relevant insights for further exploration, including as relating to broader social norms, health systems design, and the utility of multi-level strategies.
Comparação da fauna de Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) entre um fragmento de Cerrado Regenerante e uma área antropizada dentro do campus da Unesp em Rio Claro, SP, Brasil
Authors: Clemente Mateus Aparecido , D’Tódaro Ariane , Giannotti Edilberto
Published: January 2023

Cerambycidae é uma família de coleptera com grande importância ecológica e econômica. Por estarem envolvidos intimamente em vários processos ecológicos, os indivíduos dessa família possuem um ótimo potencial bioindicador. Neste trabalho, foram comparadas duas áreas com níveis de perturbação antrópica diferentes dentro do campus da Unesp de Rio Claro, SP, Brasil. Foram registrados no total 92 indivíduos distribuídos em 2 subfamílias, 8 tribos, 14 gêneros e 17 espécies capturadas em 8 coletas realizadas entre os meses de maio de 2015 e janeiro de 2016. A abundância e riqueza de espécies coletadas foram utilizadas para comparar as duas áreas dentro do campus, uma de Cerrado Regenerante e menos antropizada (Área A) e uma área mais antropizada, próxima às edificações do campus (Área B). Após análises das suas variáveis, as áreas se mostraram semelhantes. Foram utilizadas armadilhas de duas cores (vermelho e transparente) instaladas em dois estratos diferentes da vegetação (diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP) e dossel). Foram comparadas a abundância e riqueza de espécies capturada por cada armadilha. As armadilhas de dossel, independente da sua cor, se mostraram mais eficientes na captura no quesito abundância. Foram analisadas também as variáveis climáticas (temperatura, pluviosidade e umidade relativa do ar) e suas oscilações registradas no intervalo de tempo estudado.
Eficiência de herbicidas pré-emergentes no manejo de plantas daninhas na cultura da soja
Authors: Silva Paulo Henrique Oliveira , Côrrea Fernando Rezende , Silva Nelmício Furtado da , Cavalcante Wendson Soares da Silva , Ribeiro Daniele Ferreira , Rodrigues Estevão
Published: January 2023

A utilização de herbicidas pré-emergentes na cultura da soja é uma ferramenta importante para a redução de infestação dessas plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia dos herbicidas pré-emergentes, utilizando os ingredientes ativos: Diclosulam, S-metolacloro e Imazetapir sendo todos estes associados ao ingrediente ativo Glifosato observando se as misturas em tanque proporcionariam algum tipo de sinergia e/ou antagonismo, contribuindo ou não para um melhor controle das ervas daninhas presentes na área. O trabalho foi conduzido na Estação Experimental da BASF – Unidade Rio Verde, localizada na zona rural do município de Rio Verde, Estado de Goiás, Brasil. Conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados composto por 8 tratamentos e 4 repetições sendo: Testemunha (sem aplicação), Diclosulam + glifosato, S-metolacloro + Glifosato, Imazetapir + Glifosato, Diclosulam + S-metolacloro  + Glifosato, Diclosulam + Imazetapir + Glifosato; S-metolacloro + Imazetapir + Glifosato, Diclosulam + S-metolacloro + Imazetapir + Glifosato. As aplicações dos herbicidas pré-emergentes ocorreram logo após a semeadura da soja cultivar CZ 37B22 IPRO. Realizou-se avaliações do controle de fluxo de emergência de plantas daninhas após aplicação dos herbicidas aos 7, 14, 21, 28 e 112 dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos. Foi realizada a colheita da área útil das parcelas para quantificação da produtividade da soja. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F e quando significativo, as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey com p > 0,05 com auxílio do programa SASM-Agri®. As misturas de ingredientes ativos com melhor performance sobre o fluxo de ervas daninhas monocotiledôneas e dicotiledôneas foram: Glifosato 1.200 g.ha-1 + Diclosulam 36.6 g.ha-1 + S-metolacloro 1.152 g.ha-1;  Glifosato 1.200 g.ha-1 + Diclosulam 36.6 g.ha-1 + Imazetapir 106 g.ha-1, Glifosato 1.200 g.ha-1 + S-metolacloro 1.152 g.ha-1 + Imazetapir 106 g.ha-1, analisando a variável produtividade, o tratamento mais produtivo foi a mistura de Glifosato 1.200 g.ha-1 + Diclosulam 36.6 g.ha-1.
Educação em saúde como forma de prevenção do câncer do colo do útero
Authors: Silva Daiane de Matos , Santos Mayconn Douglas Alves dos , Abreu Irla Alves de , Amorim Thércia Máyra dos Santos , Santos Maria Aparecida Vieira dos , Amorim Vitória Karolayne da Conceição , Santos Karen Stefane Feitosa dos , Costa Ismael da Silva , Silva José Elias Duarte da , Silva Cleber Gomes da Costa , Carvalho Natacha Caroline Fernandes de Araujo , Oliveira Vanessa Lorena da Silva , Santos Márcia Sousa
Published: January 2023

O câncer de colo de útero é o tipo de câncer que mais mata mulheres no mundo. Este estudo teve por objetivo, analisar as evidências científicas da educação em saúde como forma de prevenção do câncer de colo de útero. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada através das bases de dados da BVS e da PUBMED, na qual se utilizou a seguinte questão norteadora: “Quais as evidências científicas apontam para educação em saúde como forma de prevenção do câncer de colo de útero?”. Utilizaram-se estudos disponíveis na íntegra, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, publicados de 2017 a 2022. Foram selecionados 10 estudos para compor esta revisão. Conforme os estudos analisados, foi identificado que os fatores desencadeantes do câncer de colo do útero são, início da vida sexual precoce, relação sexual desprotegida, múltiplos parceiros sexuais, infecções pelo HPV, e uso de contraceptivos hormonais. As atividades de educação em saúde como palestras, rodas de conversas, visitas domiciliares se mostram relevantes, pois levam conhecimento para as mulheres acerca da neoplasia, incentivando a prática do autocuidado, bem como auxilia na desconstrução de estigmas e receios relacionados ao exame citopatológico. Evidenciou-se que a escassez de informações sobre o CCU e as formas de prevenção da doença provocam medos e receios para muitas mulheres, no qual contribui para um retardo na realização do exame citopatológico. Assim, estratégias de educação em saúde, com esclarecimento de dúvidas sobre a doença e as formas de prevenção, abordando a disponibilidade dos serviços de saúde para realização do rastreamento precoce, são medidas imprescindíveis para quebrar o tabu associado à realização do exame.
Musik gemeinsam erfinden
Authors: Stöckler Eva Maria
Published: January 2023

Wie kann musikalische Erwachsenenbildung im Bereich von Jazz und Popularmusik gelingen? Ausgehend von einer kritischen Auseinandersetzung mit dem bisherigen Forschungsstand und daraus abgeleiteten Dimensionen von musikalischer Erwachsenenbildung entwickelt Eva Maria Stöckler hierfür ein methodisch-didaktisches Konzept. Den Schwerpunkt legt sie dabei auf Improvisation und Komposition sowie handlungs- und prozessorientierte Zugänge, wie sie die Methodik von Action Research bietet. Aus ihrer Arbeit mit verschiedenen Ensembles sind exemplarische Übungen und Spiele für das Musizieren mit erwachsenen (musikalischen) Non-Professionals entstanden, die sie hier praxisnah erläutert.
POLARIZATION CONTROLLED BIREFRINGENCE IN LITHIUM ALUMINOSILI-CATE GLASS
Authors: Sigaev V. N. , Lipatiev A. S. , Fedotov S. S. , Lotarev S. V. , Naumov A. S , Shevyakina D. M.
Published: January 2023

The rise of polarization-controlled birefringence under a series of femtosecond laser pulses in the bulk of lithium silicate and lithium aluminosilicate glasstentatively attributed to the formation of nanogratings is demonstrated. The dependences of the retardance of the light passing through the modified regions on the parameter of laser radiation and the chemical composition of the glass are determined. It is shown that an increase of Al2O3 content at the expense of alkali content in glass composition leads to an increase in the minimum number of pulses for the formation of a birefringent region, as well as an increase in the retardance.
EFFECT OF CALCIUM ADDITION ON THE PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF FLY ASH-BASED GEOPOLYMERS FOR APPLICATIONS IN SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTIONE
Authors: Klimenko N. N. , Kiseleva K. I. , Delitsyn L. M. , Sigaev V. N.
Published: January 2023

The article describes a study of the physical and mechanical properties and microstructure of geopolymer materials for construction based on low-calcium fly ash from CHP-22, depending on the type of activator, temperature and humidity conditions of curing and the introduction of an additional source of calcium (CaO) in the amount of 10, 15 and 20 wt. %.
It was found that for the fly ash under study, the most promising type of activator is a sodium silicate solution with a silicate modulus SiO2 / Na2O = 1; the preferred curing mode is steam treatment at 90 °C. With the introduction of 15 % CaO into the geopolymer mixture, it was possible to increase the compressive strength by more than 2.5 times (to 38 МПа), the open porosity decreased from 24 to 7 %, and the water absorption from 15 to 3 %. However, a further increase in the CaO content leads to degradation of properties due to a significant reduction in the setting time of the raw mixture.
THE NUCLEATION EFFECT OF PbSe ADDITIVE ON Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oδ GLASS CERAMICS
Authors: Çavdar Sükrü , Deniz Emre , Koralay Haluk , Turan Neslihan , Tolga Taşçı Ahmet , Öztürk Özgür
Published: January 2023

The crystallisation kinetics and effects of doping on Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oδ (BSCCO) glass ceramic system with 0.0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 % PbSe were investigated in this study. Using differential thermal analysis (DTA), the effects of PbSe doping on glass transition, nucleation and crystallisation temperature of glass were investigated.
The DTA results were analysed using the Ozawa, Augis–Bennett, Takhor and Kissinger equations for nucleation kinetics to uncover the activation energies and Avrami parameters. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the amount of oxidation in the structure increased with increasing PbSe-doping concentration.
CERAMICS IN THE Na2O–CaO–SO3 SYSTEM AS A PROMISING INORGANIC POROGEN
Authors: Safronova T. V. , Shatalova T. B. , Filippov Ya. Yu. , Toshev O. U. , Knotko A. V. , Vaimugin L. A. , Savchenkova D. V.
Published: January 2023

Ceramics with phase composition after firing in the range of 600 – 900 °C represented by anhydrous calcium sulfate CaSO4, and calcium sodium sulfates (Na0,8Ca0,1)2SO4 and Na6Ca(SO4)4 were obtained from a powder mixture of sodium sulfate Na2SO4 and calcium sulfate dihydrate CaSO42H2O, taken at a molar ratio CaSO42H2O/Na2SO4 = 1. The phase composition of the powder mixture after homogenization in a planetary mill in an acetone medium, in addition to the starting salts, also included hydrated sodium calcium sulfate Na4Ca(SO4)32H2O. When kept in water for 5 and 60 min the mass loss of ceramic sample fired at 700 °C was 15 and 75 % respectively. Ceramics in the Na2O–CaO–SO3 system in the form of granules or complex shapes obtained using 3D printing can be used as a removable (soluble or leachable) porogen and/or a prototype of a porous space with a given architecture when creating porous polymer or inorganic materials.
SYNTACTIC FOAMS BASED ON HOLLOW CERAMIC MICROSPHERES AND POLYCARBOSILANE
Authors: Chukhlanov V. Yu. , Selivanov O. G. , Chukhlanova N. V.
Published: January 2023

Syntactic foams based on hollow ceramic microspheres and the ceramic-forming binder polycarbosilane, capable of transition to silicon carbide at elevated temperatures, are considered. The processes of heat treatment of compositions and the transition of polycarbosilane to silicon carbide are considered. The physicomechanical and thermophysical characteristics of syntactic foams are studied.
METHODS OF UNCREASING OF THE WAX MODEL SURFACE PRIMARY WETTABILITY DURING LOST-WAX CASTING
Authors: Novokreshchennykh E. N. , Gulyaeva A. S. , Uglev N. P.
Published: January 2023

Lost-wax casting is one of the most advanced ways to obtain geometrically complex castings of high quality.
One of the main factors influenced on the casting properties is the quality of the ceramic mold face layer. A uniform deposition of the ceramic slurry can be achieved by condition of the wax surface is well wetted by the suspension dispersion medium. Since the surface of the wax model is hydrophobic and the dispersion medium of ceramic suspension is water, an increase of wettability may be achieved not only by SAS-wetting agent adding in suspension composition but also by activating of the model surface by chemical or physical methods.
The paper presents the results of the different ways of chemical activation influence on the wettability of the wax model surface.
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY EXAMINATION OF SYNOVIAL FLUID IN THE JOINT DISEASES DIAGNOSTICS. PART 2
Authors: Romanova L. A. , Yuldasheva L. R. , Polevaya Y. A. , Sapozhkova Z. Y.
Published: January 2023

The review presents novel insight on the cells of normal and pathological synovial fluid (SF) which detected by light microscopy, as well as the diagnostic value of some biochemical markers of SF which can help in the differential diagnosis of diseases musculoskeletal system [1]. Early diagnosis will help to start timely treatment at the primary stages of the disease. The clinical lecture notes the pathway for standardization of laboratory procedures in SF examination в for conventional practice of medical lab in Russia.
CYTOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF CHOROIDAL MELANOMA. CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Kasoyan K. T. , Kirilenko E. G. , Tinkova I. O. , Khionidi Y. N.
Published: January 2023

COVID-19 infection can cause various pathological processes in the eyes [1]. Changes in the vascular membrane of the eye can not always be differentiated without mistakes from malignance. The miss-diagnostics of choroidal melanoma can lead to incorrect and aggressive treatment [2].
The clinical report shows the absence of positive dynamics in choroiditis in a patient in the COVID-19 convalescence which allowed the suspicion a tumor. The result of cytological examination indicated a neoplasm of melanocytic in origin which was an indication for enucleation. In the laboratory settings the role of cytological examination is very important for diagnostic of choroidal melanoma. Such approach together with histological examination presents as best diagnostics pathway of choroidal melanoma. Key words: cytology, ocular melanoma, choroidal melanoma.
PCR “CHECKUP” IN MALE IN THE SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS. TREND WATCHING
Authors: Pochernikov D. G. , Sapozhkova Z. Y.
Published: January 2023

Most sexually transmitted infections (STIs) do not cause significant problems in the carrier, as a result the infection is transmitted easily to a sexual partner and may remain unrecognized with serious consequences for male reproductive health. Currently, the rapidest and most accurate method of STIs diagnosis is a molecular genetic analyses (MGA) for detection of DNA pathogens. The results of MGA do not depend on the cultural properties and morphological characteristics of the microorganism. Non-cultural methods based on a multiplex polymerase chain reaction in real time (PCR-RT) are becoming as a trend in modern laboratory medicine for identifying genes associated with antibiotic resistance.
his approach can reduce turnaround time (ТАТ) for the male health benefit in time.
SPERM CHROMATIN DISPERSION TEST FOR EXAMINATION OF INFERTILE MALE: FROM СLINICAL TRIALS OF FIRST RUSSIAN KIT GEMSTANDART–HALOSPERM L&Q
Authors: Sapozhkova Z. Y. , Eremin K. I. , Patsap O. I.
Published: January 2023

Objectives. To evaluate the sperm chromatin dispersion in men with infertility using the first Russian kit. Methods. The study was conducted between July and August 2022. Study participants were 492 male volunteers aged 23 to 59 years with infertility which semen samples were examined by GEMSTANDART–HaloSperm L&Q kit so-called Halo test. The outcomes were as a percentage as the sperm DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI), %. The results of Halo test were evaluated according to the following threshold values: in reference range (normal): DFI  15 %, controversial result: from DFI > 15 % to < 25 %, out of reference range (pathological) DFI > 25 %. All of men (n = 492) had the results of a basic semen examination which performed a month before the current clinical trials with a various scenario of pathospermia as well as normospermia. The statistical processed a GraphPad Prism software (version 8.0.1) and Excel statistical package Microsoft® Excel® for Microsoft 365 MSO (verse 2201 16.0.14827.20158). The Pearson’s rank correlation coefficient of parametric measure and descriptive statistics have been applied. Results. Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) was not detected in 54.1 % (266/492 = 54.1 %) men whose average age was 36.58 years (DFI  15 %); a poor direct correlation with normal level of DFI and asthenozoospermia (r = 0.20; p < 0.0001), viscosipathy (r = 0.13; p < 0.0001) are presented; a poor inverse correlation with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (r = – 0.12; p < 0.0001) are presented; the absence of leucospermia was noted. A controversial results for SDF presence was found in 21.3 % (105/492 = 21.3 %) men whose average age was 38.71 years (DFI range from > 15 to < 25 %); a poor direct correlation with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (r = 0.24; p < 0.0001), oligospermia (r = 0.23; p < 0.0001) and average age of 39 years (r = 0.17; p < 0.0001) was noted; poor inverse correlation with asthenozoospermia (r = – 0.22; p < 0.0001) was presented. SDF was found in 24.6 % (121/492 = 24.6 %) men whose average age was 41.55 (DFI > 25 %); poor direct correlation with a high level of DFI and average age for infertile men in 44 years (r = 0.28; p < 0.0001) was presented. All semen samples (n = 492) presented a poor positive correlation with DFI and age (r = 0.1563; p = 0.0005); oliasthenoterato-zoospermia (r = 0.19; p = 0.0001), leucospemia (r = 0.29; p = 0.0001), and necrozoospermia (r = 0.16; p = 0.0004). Conclusion. The results of the study showed that GEMSTANDART–HaloSperm L&Q kit complements a basic semen examination providing specific information to the clinicians about quality of genetic material in semen samples.
POST-ACUTE SEQUELAE OF COVID-19. THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, RISKS, BIOMARKERS, DIAGNOSIS, AND PROGNOSIS
Authors: Mukhomorova L. V , Velkov V. V.
Published: January 2023

The paper refers the outcomes of international research in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). It is necessary to emphasize the pathophysiological mechanisms of PASC in PCR-negative patients recovered from COVID-19: long-persistent hyperactivated congenital immunity, hyper-inflammation, hyper-coagulation, hypo-fibrinolysis, micro-thrombosis, antibodies formation, and multiplе human organ dysfunction. The challenges as well as possibilities in laboratory diagnostics of PASC complication have been noted.
ORGANIZATION OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE PATHOLOGY DEPARTMENT WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE ROSATOM PRODUCTION SYSTEM
Authors: Patsap O. I. , Babkina A. V.
Published: January 2023

Optimization of the activity of the pathology and anatomical department and standardization of pathology and anatomical studies is a priority task due to the high shortage of staffing, increased volume of work performed, the need to save consumables in conditions of limited financing of the industry.
CASE OF PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA. PROBLEMS OF LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Sosnin D. Y. , Shchekotova A. P. , Pavlenina L. S. , Piniagina P. D.
Published: January 2023

The presented case demonstrates the importance of a comprehensive analysis of all the examination data in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). A comparison was made of anamnesis data, the clinical picture of the disease, the results of biochemical blood analysis and hematological analyzer data with morphological assessment of cells in a stained blood smear. The interest of this case for hematologists and laboratory specialists is due to the rarity of this disease, difficulties in diagnostics, the presence of 2 types of hemolysis, features of morphological changes in peripheral blood erythrocytes, as well as analysis of the dynamics of manifestations, including against the background of targeted therapy of PNH.
Uchodźca – literacki topos
Authors: Wolting Monika
Published: January 2023

W artykule zajmuję się przedstawianiem losów uchodźców w literaturze niemieckojęzycznej. Widać, że postać uchodźcy jest łącznikiem między literaturą emigracyjną, migracyjną i wysiedleńczą. Literaturoznawcza analiza postaci uchodźcy i przestrzeni ucieczki może okazać się bardzo produktywna, gdyż może doprowadzić do zniesienia marginalnej pozycji literatury migracyjnej we współczesnej literaturze.
Effect of different isothermal times on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-strength rebar
Authors: Wang Tianyou , Li Zhiying , Wang Jie , Li Changrong , Zeng Zeyun , Wei Fulong
Published: January 2023

High-strength rebar plays a supporting role in large engineering structures due to its excellent performance. In this study, the effect of different isothermal time treatments (30, 60, 100, and 200 s) at 650°C on the microstructure transformation and mechanical properties of rebars was investigated. The hot-rolling process was simulated by Gleeble-3800 thermal simulator. The microstructure, precipitates, and mechanical properties of high-strength rebar were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and a universal tensile test machine. Results show that when the isothermal time increased from 30 to 200 s, the ferrite grain size decreased from 10.632 to 8.326 μm, and the pearlite lamellar spacing was refined from 0.230 to 0.142 μm. The TEM confirmed that when the isothermal time increased from 30 to 200 s, the nanoscale (Nb, V, and Ti) C precipitates were uniformly distributed in the ferrite matrix and grain boundary, and the size of precipitates decreased from 34.014 to 29.916 nm; thus, the tensile strength increased from 752.477 to 780.713 MPa, and the yield strength increased from 574.714 to 621.434 MPa.
Emerging topics in nanophononics and elastic, acoustic, and mechanical metamaterials: an overview
Authors: Krushynska Anastasiia O. , Torrent Daniel , Aragón Alejandro M. , Ardito Raffaele , Bilal Osama R. , Bonello Bernard , Bosia Federico , Chen Yi , Christensen Johan , Colombi Andrea , Cummer Steven A. , Djafari-Rouhani Bahram , Fraternali Fernando , Galich Pavel I. , Garcia Pedro David , Groby Jean-Philippe , Guenneau Sebastien , Haberman Michael R. , Hussein Mahmoud I. , Janbaz Shahram , Jiménez Noé , Khelif Abdelkrim , Laude Vincent , Mirzaali Mohammad J. , Packo Pawel , Palermo Antonio , Pennec Yan , Picó Rubén , López María Rosendo , Rudykh Stephan , Serra-Garcia Marc , Sotomayor Torres Clivia M. , Starkey Timothy A. , Tournat Vincent , Wright Oliver B.
Published: January 2023

This broad review summarizes recent advances and “hot” research topics in nanophononics and elastic, acoustic, and mechanical metamaterials based on results presented by the authors at the EUROMECH 610 Colloquium held on April 25–27, 2022 in Benicássim, Spain. The key goal of the colloquium was to highlight important developments in these areas, particularly new results that emerged during the last two years. This work thus presents a “snapshot” of the state-of-the-art of different nanophononics- and metamaterial-related topics rather than a historical view on these subjects, in contrast to a conventional review article. The introduction of basic definitions for each topic is followed by an outline of design strategies for the media under consideration, recently developed analysis and implementation techniques, and discussions of current challenges and promising applications. This review, while not comprehensive, will be helpful especially for early-career researchers, among others, as it offers a broad view of the current state-of-the-art and highlights some unique and flourishing research in the mentioned fields, providing insight into multiple exciting research directions.
Reflection of two-dimensional surface polaritons by metallic nano-plates on atomically thin crystals
Authors: Lee Seojoo , Kang Ji-Hun
Published: January 2023

Owning to their unusual optical properties, such as electrical tunability and strong spatial confinement, two-dimensional surface polaritons (2DSPs) hold great promise for deep sub-wavelength manipulation of light in a reduced low-dimensional space. Control of 2DSPs is possible by using their interaction with a boundary between two media, similar to how light behaves in three-dimensional (3D) space. The understanding of the interaction in the 2D case is still in its early stages, unlike the 3D case, as in-depth investigations are only available in a few cases including the interaction of 2DSPs with structured 2D crystals. Here, we extend the scope of our understanding to the interaction of 2DSPs with metallic nano-plates on 2D crystals, focusing on the reflection of 2DSPs. Through our rigorous model, we reveal that, for strongly confined 2DSPs having much larger momentum than free space photons, the interaction results in almost total internal reflection of 2DSPs as the radiative coupling of the 2DSPs to free space is negligible. We also find that the reflection involves an anomalous phase shift dependent on the thickness of the nano-plate, due to the temporary storing of electromagnetic energy in the evanescent waves induced near the edge of the nano-plate. Our theory predicts that the phase shift saturates to an anomalous value, 0.885π, as the nano-plate becomes thicker. Our work provides a detailed understanding of how to manipulate the 2DSPs by using one of the simplest nanostructures, essential for the further development of nanostructure-integrated low-dimensional devices for polariton optics.