bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid microwave-optical scanning probe for addressing solid-state spins in nanophotonic cavities
Authors: Chen Songtao , Ourari Salim , Raha Mouktik , Phenicie Christopher M. , Uysal Mehmet T. , Thompson Jeff D.
Published: January 2021

Spin-photon interfaces based on solid-state atomic defects have enabled a variety of key applications in quantum information processing. To maximize the light-matter coupling strength, defects are often placed inside nanoscale devices. Efficiently coupling light and microwave radiation into these structures is an experimental challenge, especially in cryogenic or high vacuum environments with limited sample access. In this work, we demonstrate a fiber-based scanning probe that simultaneously couples light into a planar photonic circuit and delivers high power microwaves for driving electron spin transitions. The optical portion achieves 46% one-way coupling efficiency, while the microwave portion supplies an AC magnetic field with strength up to 9 Gauss at 10 Watts of input microwave power. The entire probe can be scanned across a large number of devices inside a 3He cryostat without free-space optical access. We demonstrate this technique with silicon nanophotonic circuits coupled to single Er3+ ions.
Balbancha
Authors: Lief Shane , McCusker John
Published: January 2021

This chapter begins with a sketch of the pre-colonial history of the lower Mississippi River Valley, leading to a discussion of various Native populations and patterns of social life which have been neglected in the historiography of the region. Throughout the colonial period, the depth of social interaction among Native Americans, European colonists, and African Americans is revealed by their participation in musical events and spiritual practices. The complex history of peace pipe ceremonies is explored, including an analysis of how these have impacted regional musical styles, ultimately shaping the music of Mardi Gras Indians. The blended legacies of local populations are illustrated by the persistent multilingualism of New Orleans and its environs. The Native origins of Mardi Gras Indians are also evident in the etymology of “Jockomo” itself, showing how ancient regional traditions have been sustained and nurtured within the cultural practices of Mardi Gras Indians.
“Tell Me Who I Am”: An Investigation of Cultural Authenticity in YA Disability Peritexts
Authors: Brown Megan
Published: January 2021

This chapter discusses the methods used by publishers to present culturally authentic characters with disabilities to readers. Disabilities deserve to be communicated realistically within the books that young adults access. Remaining authentic to the accurate culture of disability is not an easy task but through time spent, experiences, and exposure to disabilities and the people who have them, the author’s knowledge aids in their writing. By identifying patterns in the peritextual information in a random sampling of 30 YA realistic fiction novels written from 2010 to 2016, the analysis in the chapter presents the support for representational accuracy of disability in book narratives.
Reimagining Forever … The Marriage Plot in Recent Young Adult Literature
Authors: Day Sara K.
Published: January 2021

This chapter argues that many recent novels for adolescent readers embrace and (often problematically) appropriate the marriage plot in their representations of teen romance. In contrast to Judy Blume’s Forever, which advanced the possibility of first loves that do not last forever, novels such as Stephanie Perkins’s Anna and the First Kiss, Jenny Han’s Summer trilogy, and Rainbow Rowell’s Fangirl position their protagonists as making lifelong commitments at an early age. This chapter asserts that such representations participate in a larger postfeminist effort to center “conventional” marriage as the successful culmination of adolescent womanhood.
Sharpening the Pointe: The Intersectional Feminism of Contemporary Young Adult Ballet Novels
Authors: Whitney Sarah E.
Published: January 2021

This chapter explores a new movement within the female-focused YA dance novel. Rather than narrate the meritorious rise of an individual dancer, today's ballet novels instead interrogate how structural prejudices of racism and sexism create barriers to the center stage. Focusing primarily upon works authored by women of color, or told through queered perspectives, the chapter surveys how YA narratives in varied melodramatic, thriller, and paranormal forms work to trouble the pink and pretty “music box ballerina” iconography.
Introduction
Authors: Folwell Emma J.
Published: January 2021

The introduction traces the intertwined history of racism and poverty in Mississippi and describes how civil rights activists used these experiences in shaping their fight for racial justice. It outlines the central argument of the book, explaining that from 1965 to 1973, there was both a war against poverty and a war against the war on poverty in Mississippi. The war on poverty provided a powerful tool for black empowerment, drawing on the vitality of Mississippi’s civil rights movement. At the same time, the fight against the war on poverty served as a template for white resistance and entrenchment, and as a way to undermine liberalism, marginalize black political power, and articulate a new conservatism.
Helen Bass Williams and Mississippi Action for Progress
Authors: Folwell Emma J.
Published: January 2021

Chapter five tells the story of Mississippi Action for Progress: the Head Start program that was created to replace the Child Development Group of Mississippi. It focuses on the African American executive director of MAP, Helen Bass Williams, and her relationships with white businessman and community leader Owen Cooper and the state sovereignty commission director, Erle Johnston. The harassment campaign against Williams illustrates the way in which moderate businessmen could—even inadvertently—serve to further entrench white power in anti-poverty programs. It also shows how successfully the sovereignty commission was able to adapt its tactics to the new racial realities of Mississippi in the late 1960s.
Mississippi Republicans and the Politics of Poverty
Authors: Folwell Emma J.
Published: January 2021

Chapter six explores the impact of the election of Richard Nixon on the war on poverty. It uncovers the conversations in the new Republican administration regarding the fate of the war on poverty, from questions over whether to rename the Office of Economic Opportunity to the appointment of Don Rumsfeld as OEO director. The chapter then moves on to discuss the way in which the evolution of massive resistance after 1965 and white opposition to the war on poverty shaped and contributed to emerging strands of conservative Republicanism in Mississippi. It places Mississippi’s “conservative color-blindness” in the broader context of the rise of the sunbelt South. Finally, the chapter illustrates the ways in which grassroots conservative groups—particularly women—were central to forging an ostensibly race neutral war against the war on poverty that was vital to the growing Mississippi Republican Party.
Bite Me: The Allure of Vampires and Dark Magic in Chicana Young Adult Literature
Authors: Cook Christi
Published: January 2021

The intersectionality of the protagonists’ marked hybrid status as teenage girls, Chicanas, and supernatural beings, two of which are obviously realistic marginalized depictions while one is a fantasy, creates an interesting space within which to explore hybridity. This chapter argues that there is a limit to Anzaldúan hybridity as the exemplar for the YA reader and character because of its overly idealistic portrayal of the New Mestiza, which doesn’t work when applied to a teenaged coming-of-age that involves transitioning painfully and often amongst their borderlands identities in ways that do not reflect peaceful coexistence amongst hybrid influences. This chapter exposes an alternate model for adolescent Chicana hybridity that takes into account the adolescent experience.
The Art of Afro-Latina Consciousness-Raising in Shadowshaper
Authors: Diaz Ella
Published: January 2021

Drawing on popular trends of zombies, magic, and superheroes in young adult fiction and blockbuster film franchises, author Daniel José Older presents Sierra Santiago, an Afro-Latina hero in Shadowshaper (2015) who combats local forces of cultural appropriation and gentrification in her Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York. This chapter focuses on the critical role of street art in her analysis of Shadowshaper and, specifically, the community muralists that, in the late twentieth century, established urban spaces as Latina/o and Chicana/o barrios. By positioning Sierra at the center of community muralism, Older disrupts the absence of Latina/o artists and, particularly female artists, by foregrounding moments of artistic processes throughout the novel, including descriptions of Sierra’s stream of consciousness as she makes art that reflects Afro-Latinidad.
Cooperatives in New Orleans
Authors: Gessler Anne
Published: January 2021

Cooperatives in New Orleans: Collective Action and Urban Development intervenes in southern labor, civil rights, and social movement histories to counter the misconception that cooperatives are merely proto-political entities serving as training grounds for or as ancillary to institutionalized social justice movements critiquing capitalism and its fraught connections to gender, race, and class. To historically and theoretically anchor the book, the book examines seven neighborhood cooperatives, spanning from the 1890s to the present, whose alliances with union, consumer, and social justice activists animated successive generations of locally-informed, regional cooperative networks stimulating urban growth in New Orleans. Debating alternative forms of social organization within the city’s plethora of integrated spaces, women, people of color, and laborers blended neighborhood-based African, Caribbean, and European communal traditions with transnational cooperative principles to democratize exploitative systems of consumption, production, and exchange. From utopian socialist workers unions and Rochdale grocery stores to black liberationist theater collectives and community gardens, their cooperative businesses integrated marginalized residents into democratic governance while equally distributing profits among members.
Unearthing a Genealogy of Grassroots Economic Development
Authors: Gessler Anne
Published: January 2021

The introduction frames the book as a critical intervention in the current debate about the role of alternative grassroots models in modernizing mainstream political and economic structures. After framing the political and theoretical issues at stake in New Orleans’s cooperative movement, the introduction outlines how historical local cooperatives interact with transnational cooperative principles to improve their community, expand opportunities for civic participation, and reform systems of governance. Each chapter’s case study represents consumer, producer, or distribution cooperatives that manifest different visions of ideal capital-worker relations and are inspired by local and international utopian socialist, Rochdale, and hybrid racial justice cooperative models. Each example is constitutive of black, working-class, female, and immigrant residents particular subject positions and economic needs. Consequently, the book articulates and debates citizens relationship the state, an ideological drama that plays out in the city’s social spaces to either propel or retard larger challenges to capitalism.
The Louisiana Association of Cooperatives and Gathering Tree Growers’ Collective: Rebuilding a Cooperative Food Economy in Katrina’s Aftermath
Authors: Gessler Anne
Published: January 2021

Chapter five documents the legacy of hybrid racial justice cooperatives on the post-Hurricane Katrina recovery projects the Gathering Tree Growers Collective and the Louisiana Association of Cooperatives. New racial justice cooperatives reenacted the historical circulation of goods, people, and ideas across neighborhood, national, and international channels to thread seemingly isolated ethnic enclaves into a robust regional network promoting egalitarian food policy into city and state economic development, labor policies, and land-use plans. In keeping with the International Cooperative Alliance’s aims, minority cooperative activists like Harvey Reed have opened autonomous food cooperatives that spread workplace democracy regionally, nationally, and internationally.
Introduction
Authors: Langsdale Samantha , Coody Elizabeth Rae
Published: January 2021

This introduction to the volume places this book in relationship to culture, comics studies, feminist studies, and monster studies. The authors outline each chapter and explain their placement in sections around origins, agency and paradoxes; the body; child-bearing; childhood; and taking on the role of monster. This introduces the idea that women in, behind, or reading comics may be culturally positioned and perceived as monsters, but that they are also agents in their own story.
Horrible Victorians: Interrogating Power, Sex, and Gender in InSEXts
Authors: Crist-Wagner Keri
Published: January 2021

This chapter gives Marguerite Bennett’s InSEXts comic a run through the author’s own systematic “Diamond of Violence” and “Queerness Score” tools to study how violence against queer bodies works. By tracking precisely how these monstrously insectoid women who claim their sexual power are punished or rewarded, she shows the way embodied queer identity and pleasure transgresses patriarchal violence even in an era with repressive ideals of sexuality and explicitly restrictive gender roles. Violence, queerness, and power are all linked in the monstrous bodies of InSEXts protagonists.
UFO (Unusual Female Other) Sightings in Saucer Country/State: Metaphors of Identity and Presidential Politics
Authors: Knopf Christina M.
Published: January 2021

This final chapter shows us how a strong female lead might resist monstrosity in the pursuit of political power. As an abused, divorced, Mexican-American woman, Arcadia Alvarado, is solidly situated in the margins of the fictional US society depicted in Saucer Country. Despite being marked as monstrous because of her race and gender, Alvarado finds her strength in resisting the monstrous political norms that dominate her U.S. context, rather than embracing them. I In this science-fictional world (which reveals the real intersectional failings of the American political world), Alvarado transgresses her assigned role as marginalized “other” by powerfully performing as a political leader without becoming a monster.
Focus on Yerby
Authors: Adams Catherine L.
Published: January 2021

This chapter explores teaching Yerby at his alma mater, a project rooted in a necessity to positively impact and inspire a new generation of students to read, write, and research the school’s most famous literary alumnus. The multi-year engagement with Yerby’s work involved students, faculty, and the community. With a writing career that spanned more than half of the twentieth century, Frank Yerby’s work has sporadically emerged as fertile ground for teaching and research at Paine College. The archives at Paine include correspondence between Yerby and his editor, Bob Cornfield, at Dial Press. Also included are programs and articles that document Yerby’s early connections to his former English professor, Emma C. W. Gray, Paine College’s President, E.C. Peters, and then reconnections that begin with President E. Clayton Calhoun (the last white president of the Paine College) in the mid-60s.
Frank Yerby and his Readers
Authors: Washington Donna-Lyn
Published: January 2021

This chapter discusses why and how Frank Yerby’s readers diminished greatly within a few years of his death. This essay also considers how Yerby may not have received support from African-American literary community leaders such as W. E. B. Du Bois and Langston Hughes that may have kept his novels in print. Additionally, because Yerby worked in the historical romance genre, or what he referred to as costume dramas, where most of his protagonists are white, is explored as a possible correlation to his disappearing readership. Essentially, knowing Yerby’s history as an author and seeing how critics categorized his books as disposable fiction is necessary in understanding who his readers were and why he went from bestselling novelist to nearly being forgotten.
Founding Baltimore’s Mount Auburn Cemetery and Its Importance to Understanding African American Burial Rights
Authors: Fletcher Kami
Published: January 2021

This chapter says that Blacks used death to gain burial freedoms and graveyard autonomy, in addition to using death as a path for self-help and wealth building. It follows the growth and development of Baltimore’s Mount Auburn Cemetery illustrating how the trustees of the Sharp Street Church who owned it, used the burial ground as a call for humanity and dignity in death. Founded in 1807 as the city’s first autonomous Black burial ground, Fletcher argues that Baltimore’s Mount Auburn Cemetery pushed back against slave cemeteries and Potter’s Fields to serve as a protected and autonomous space of internment for all “Africans and people of colour.” Ultimately, the chapter highlights the interplay of race, death and burial rights and the power that American society vested into racialized burial borders only to have them reinvented and used as catalyst for agency and resistance.
“In the Grave We Are All Equal”: Northern New Mexican Burial Grounds in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Chaparro Martina Will De
Published: January 2021

This chapter surveys death and burial in nineteenth-century New Mexico as the region transitioned from Spanish, to Mexican, to United States control. Highlighting Albuquerque and Santa Fe, it considers the territory’s multiracial and multicultural past by tracing Indian and Spanish burial practices, the influence of colonialism and independence, and ultimately the arrival of non-Catholic “Anglo,” African American, European, and Asian newcomers to transform the local burial landscape. Although earlier archival and archaeological evidence suggests that New Mexicans did not segregate their dead by race and ethnicity, subsequent imperial shifts, new concern over public health, evolving church influence, and religious and racial transformation led to new practices to separate the dead by faith, national origin, race, and economic standing.
Postwar Feelings
Authors: Corrigan Lisa M.
Published: January 2021

This chapter discusses the Kennedy administration’s emotional repertoire since it set the tone for youth dissent for the decade. Corrigan examines the co-constitutive nature of hope and despair in the postwar period to understand how these competing political feelings expressed generational and racialized disputes about the nature of the polis, the uses and abuses of power, the role of political institutions in guaranteeing social and political equality, and the role of dissent as an emotional sphere of public discourse. Using John Kennedy’s speeches, Arthur Schlesinger’s writings on Kennedy, and Norman Mailer’s responses, Corrigan suggests that much of the black struggle in the United States has been aimed at producing new political feelings that worked both in tandem and against those being cultivated by the white establishment during the Kennedy years.
Feeling Riots
Authors: Corrigan Lisa M.
Published: January 2021

This chapter reflects upon the multiple interpretations of major urban rebellions in the United States between 1964-1969 to understand how descriptions of the major race riots, especially the metaphor of the powderkeg, created and reflected racialized political feelings where hopelessness replaced hope as the emotional framework for racial liberalism and as the possibility of integration ebbed. The assassinations of John Kennedy and, later, Malcolm X, along with the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 evacuated black hope from political liberalism and replaced it with different political emotions, including rage, frustration, and fear. Blacks feared white terrorism and whites feared blacks. This impasse augmented the hopelessness and anger that undergirded riots. It prompted the passage of the 1967 DC Crime Bill and helped undermine the 1968 Civil Rights Bill as protest was elided with crime in news accounts and in public policy, effectively mystifying the context and content of urban rebellion. As the War on Poverty transformed into the War on Crime, feelings became a major rhetorical vector of policy discussions about urban rebellion. Law and order rhetoric reasserted white statism as the only permissible loyalty and effectively harnessed white anxiety and anger towards ending any possibility of black equality through the law.
Mourning King
Authors: Corrigan Lisa M.
Published: January 2021

This chapter examines the ways in which Black Power activists used memories of King’s assassination as an instrumental as well as an affective rhetorical resource to help shape the memory and direction of the Black Power movement after 1968. It argues that King’s murder provided context and clarity for the Black Power movement, justifying a more militant and assertive identity for black activists working in opposition to an increasingly hostile federal government even as these intellectuals expressed their closeness with King. King’s death was an instance of cruel optimism that calcified an affective and rhetorical shift from black optimism to black pessimism because his assassination was a chronopolitical moment that not only ended integration politics but that fundamentally stopped time and also spurred more riots. For Black Power activists, King’s assassination confirmed both the impotence and duplicitousness of the federal government, particularly in the Johnson Administration and King's own class politics and militancy on Vietnam near the end of his life, shaped in part by the Black Power movement, allowed Black Power leaders to mobilize King's memory in the service of Black Power philosophy and tactics.
Revolutionary Suicide
Authors: Corrigan Lisa M.
Published: January 2021

Chapter 6 examines how the absence of hope and the collapse into black pessimism were driven by the exposure of white liberalism’s collaborations with anti-black political rhetoric through the language of “law and order,” through the expansion of the FBI’s harassment and surveillance of Black Power activists, and through the expansion of mass incarceration. Using Huey Newton’s writings, this chapter charts how revolutionary suicide operates both as a Black Power meme as a well as a repository of feelings about black Being in a colonial state where blacks have been denied both thinking and feeling as avenues of expression. With specific focus on the rhetorical form of the eulogy, this chapter describes how Newton’s revolutionary suicide is an attempt to reconcile assassination and repression with possibilities for black agency through what Corrigan calls “necromimesis,” but it demonstrates how little room there was for black activists to politically maneuver by 1971 as the nation consolidated racial feelings around law and order politics and new conservatism.
The Obama Coalition
Authors: Corrigan Lisa M.
Published: January 2021

While the tensions between white hope and black despair were a dynamic that characterized politics in the Long Sixties, their structure is recursive. That is, the (positive and negative racial) feelings that undergird racial liberalism did not stop emerging and receding after law and order campaigns destroyed civil rights and Black Power organizing in the mid-70s. Nowhere is this clearer than in the entrance and disappearance of the so-called “Obama coalition” in 2008 to elect Barack Obama as the first biracial/black president in U.S. history. In considering how hope continues to be inextricably linked to rage, contempt, and despair, this brief conclusion considers hope as an ironic discourse of liberalism, particularly as it is racialized. The birth of Afro- pessimism as a coterminous discourse with what we now call the “post-racial” Obama coalition is important because it demonstrates how black feelings in the Long Sixties continue to shape national political discourse, demonstrating how affective politics are iterative as well as how they change over time.
Table Lands
Authors: Keeling Kara K. , Pollard Scott T.
Published: January 2021

Table Lands: Food in Children's Literature surveys food’s function in children’s texts, showing how the socio-cultural contexts of food reveal children’s agency through examining texts that vary from historical to contemporary, non-canonical to classics, the Anglo-American to multicultural traditions, including a variety of genres, formats, and audiences: realism, fantasy, cookbooks, picture books, chapter books, YA novels, and film.
The first chapter tracks children’s cookbooks over 150 years to show how adults’ expectations change based on shifting ideologies of child capability. Subsequent chapters survey canonical authors. Social work theory, British rural and urban cultures, and poverty inform the analysis of the foodways that underlie Beatrix Potter’s animal tales. Investigating Jewish immigration and foodways, food manufacturing, and roadside/programmatic architecture reveals Maurice Sendak’s In the Night Kitchen as an immigrant Jewish and natively American work. A.A. Milne’s Winnie-the-Pooh books work as a künstlerroman; Mary Douglas’s semiotic analysis and the history of honey and bees show Pooh as a poet who celebrates food. Laura Ingalls Wilder’s Little House books contrast with Louise Erdrich’s Birchbark series: differing foodways showcase competing cultural and environmental values.
The final chapters examine intersections of geography, history, and food in contemporary texts. Francesca Lia Block’s Dangerous Angels reflects Los Angeles culture. Disney•Pixar’s Ratatouille showcases French haute cuisine in its story of otherness. In One Crazy Summer and its sequels, Rita Williams-Garcia tracks the movement of African American internal diasporas, through southern foodways, soul food, and the Black Panthers’ breakfast program. Refugee Studies demonstrate how food is a primary signifier of the difficulties posed by forced migration in Thanhha Lai’s Inside Out & Back Again.
“Beating Eggs Never Makes the Evening News”
Authors: Keeling Kara K. , Pollard Scott T.
Published: January 2021

In One Crazy Summer and its sequels P.S. Be Eleven, and Gone Crazy in Alabama, Rita Williams-Garcia tracks the movement of African-American diasporas, generationally and geographically, through changes in food preparation and consumption. This chapter examines the third novel in the series first, showing how Delphine, the protagonist, becomes aware that her family’s identity is grounded in the deep roots of southern country foodways, dependent on personally raised or locally produced foods (especially milk and eggs) that are usually slow-cooked. The middle novel demonstrates the popularity of post-war convenience foods, cooked quickly and simply to match the faster tempo of urban life common to the generation that had made the Great Migration. The first novel, set in urban Oakland in the revolutionary year of 1968, shows the revolutionary power of food, most overtly through the Black Panthers’ breakfast program, which sought to better life for urban families by improving poor nutrition as well as to empower them politically. The novel also presents the deconstruction of the traditional kitchen: Cecile, the mother of Delphine and her sisters, rejects and revises the “yoke” of women’s service to men and family by making her kitchen into an art studio, redefining it as a new space that is both maternal and professional.
Introduction
Authors: Donnar Glen
Published: January 2021

This chapter recounts the immediate and pervasive association of the 9/11 attacks with American film, genre spectacle, and gender. American national identity, notions of manhood, and expressions of hegemonic masculinity are often linked, especially in periods of crisis or turmoil. Hollywood cinema, key genres, and iconic “male action” masculinities were prominently mobilized in understanding the attacks and proposing the national response. The chapter discusses how America fell back on reassuring Hollywood narratives to displace the overwhelming impact of 9/11 and cope with its attendant traumas. The attacks were insistently figured in gendered terms to diagnose perceived national deficiencies, and valorize “heroic” and professional masculinities. The chapter finally identifies how political, military, and cultural responses were equally gendered. Additionally, the terror threat was rhetorically domesticated and terrorists were discursively constructed as monstrous Others to promote the return of “traditional” masculinity and “strong father” figures in advancing the succeeding “war on terror.”
Introduction
Authors: Donahue Jennifer
Published: January 2021

Taking Flight takes a closer look at the immigrant experience in contemporary Caribbean women’s writing and considers the effects of restrictive social mores. This introduction outlines aims of the book. One of these aims is to better understand the complex relationship between social norms and trauma. This approach is based on a close reading of literary representations of Caribbean women with particular attention to how female bodies are policed, how moral, racial, and sexual codes are linked, and how the enforcement of social norms can function as a form of trauma. The argument defines trauma as a “powerful indicator of oppressive cultural institutions and practices” and hinges on the idea that body and sexual politics operate as sources of trauma in the works under study (Vickroy 4). Taking Flight examines a selection of Caribbean women’s writing published since 1984. This introduction offers an overview of how the study is ordered. The chapters therein explore how diverse forms of trauma are related to the characters’ responses to societal pressures and focus on trauma stemming from the social control of sexuality, the navigation of racial identity, and the distress that follows migration, disease, and the violation of gender and sexual norms.
Dakwah dan Objektifitas Keilmuan: Manfaat Religious Studies dan Islamic Studies dalam Dakwah Islam
Authors: Wiranto Erham Budi , Suwartini Sri
Published: January 2021

Dakwah Islam saat ini belum mampu membawa umat Islam pada kemajuan peradaban sebagaimana pernah dicapai era Keemasan Islam. Sebaliknya, kemajuan Peradaban Barat juga terus dicurigai sebagai perusak keislaman sehingga tidak pantas menjadi sumber inspirasi. Sikap tersebut membuat peradaban Islam jalan di tempat dan lambat mencapai kemajuan Peradaban. Juru Dakwah Islam dituntut mampu mengambil sikap untuk dapat membawa umat menuju peradaban yang lebih tinggi. Dakwah yang lebih ilmiah dan terbuka menjadi tuntutan untuk zaman ini. Oleh karena itu Dakwah harus dikoneksikan dengan keilmuan yang dekat dengan ilmu dakwah, di antaranya adalah Religious Studies dan Islamic Studies. Meksipuan dua keilmuan tersebut secara historis lahir dari rahim sekular Barat, bahkan dipandang tidak ramah dengan Islam, namun jika dikaji secara serius kedua keilmuan tersebut besar manfaatnya bagi dakwah Islam. Tulisan ini menjelaskan sejarah dan pengertian Religious Studies dan Islamic Studies, kemudian menemukan manfaat dari kedua keilmuan tersebut bagi dakwah Islam.
On the structure of divergence-free measures on ℝ2
Authors: Bonicatto Paolo , Gusev Nikolay A.
Published: January 2021

We consider the structure of divergence-free vector measures on the plane. We show that such measures can be decomposed into measures induced by closed simple curves. More generally, we show that if the divergence of a planar vector-valued measure is a signed measure, then the vector-valued measure can be decomposed into measures induced by simple curves (not necessarily closed). As an application we generalize certain rigidity properties of divergence-free vector fields to vector-valued measures. Namely, we show that if a locally finite vector-valued measure has zero divergence, vanishes in the lower half-space and the normal component of the unit tangent vector of the measure is bounded from below (in the upper half-plane), then the measure is identically zero.
Convergence of solutions of Hamilton–Jacobi equations depending nonlinearly on the unknown function
Authors: Chen Qinbo
Published: January 2021

Motivated by the vanishing contact problem, we study in the present paper the convergence of solutions of Hamilton–Jacobi equations depending nonlinearly on the unknown function. LetH⁢(x,p,u){H(x,p,u)}be a continuous Hamiltonian which is strictly increasing inu, and is convex and coercive inp. For each parameterλ>0{\lambda>0}, we denote byuλ{u^{\lambda}}the unique viscosity solution of the Hamilton–Jacobi equation

H⁢(x,D⁢u⁢(x),λ⁢u⁢(x))=c.H\big{(}x,Du(x),\lambda u(x)\big{)}=c.

Under quite general assumptions, we prove thatuλ{u^{\lambda}}converges uniformly, as λ tends to zero, to a specific solution of the critical Hamilton–Jacobi equationH⁢(x,D⁢u⁢(x),0)=c{H(x,Du(x),0)=c}. We also characterize the limit solution in terms of Peierls barrier and Mather measures.
Geometrisation of purely hyperbolic representations in PSL2R$ {\mathrm{PSL}_2\mathbb{R}} $
Authors: Faraco Gianluca
Published: January 2021

Let S be a surface of genus g at least 2. A representation

ρ
:

π
1

S
→

P
S
L

2

R

$ \rho:\pi_1 S\to{\mathrm{PSL}_2\mathbb{R}} $

is said to be purely hyperbolic if its image consists only of hyperbolic elements along with the identity. We may wonder under which conditions such representations arise as the holonomy of a branched hyperbolic structure on S. In this work we characterise them completely, giving necessary and sufficient conditions.
Birational models of 𝓜2,2 arising as moduli of curves with nonspecial divisors
Authors: Johnson Drew , Polishchuk Alexander
Published: January 2021

We study birational projective models of 𝓜2,2 obtained from the moduli space of curves with nonspecial divisors. We describe geometrically which singular curves appear in these models and show that one of them is obtained by blowing down the Weierstrass divisor in the moduli stack of 𝓩-stable curves 𝓜
2,2(𝓩) defined by Smyth. As a corollary, we prove projectivity of the coarse moduli space
M

2,2(𝓩).
Force, Motion, and Leibniz’s Argument from Successiveness
Authors: Myrdal Peter
Published: January 2021

This essay proposes a new interpretation of a central, and yet overlooked, argument Leibniz offers against Descartes’s power-free ontology of the corporeal world. Appealing to considerations about the successiveness of motion, Leibniz attempts to show that the reality of motion requires force. It is often assumed that the argument is driven by concerns inspired by Zeno. Against such a reading, this essay contends that Leibniz’s argument is instead best understood against the background of an Aristotelian view of the priority of real being over time. The essay also shows how this alternative interpretation can help to shed new light on the difference between Leibnizian forces and Aristotelian powers, as well as on Leibniz’s famous claim that accounting for force leads us beyond the mechanistic corporeal realm.
Chebyshev type inequality containing a fractional integral operator with a multi-index Mittag-Leffler function as a kernel
Authors: Jangid Kamlesh , Purohit S. D. , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Araci Serkan
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we derive certain Chebyshev type integral inequalities connected with a fractional integral operator in terms of the generalized Mittag-Leffler multi-index function as a kernel.
Our key findings are general in nature and, as a special case, can give rise to integral inequalities of the Chebyshev form involving fractional integral operators present in the literature.
Fixed point of some Markov operator of Frobenius-Perron type generated by a random family of point-transformations in ℝ
d
Authors: Bugiel Peter , Wędrychowicz Stanisław , Rzepka Beata
Published: January 2021

Existence of fixed point of a Frobenius-Perron type operator P : L
1 ⟶ L
1 generated by a family {φy
}
y∈Y
of nonsingular Markov maps defined on a σ-finite measure space (I, Σ, m) is studied. Two fairly general conditions are established and it is proved that they imply for any g ∈ G = {f ∈ L
1 : f ≥ 0, and ∥f∥ = 1}, the convergence (in the norm of L
1) of the sequence

{

P

j

g

}

j
=
1

∞

$\begin{array}{}
\{P^{j}g\}_{j = 1}^{\infty}
\end{array} $

to a unique fixed point g
0. The general result is applied to a family of C
1+α
-smooth Markov maps in ℝ
d
.
Energy management for series-production plug-in-hybrid electric vehicles based on predictive DP-PMP
Authors: Schmid Roland , Buerger Johannes , Bajcinca Naim
Published: January 2021

This paper presents an energy management strategy for parallel plug-in-hybrid electric vehicles which combines Dynamic Programming (DP) and Pontryagin’s Minimums Principle (PMP). In particular, this paper focusses on the practical challenges encountered in series-production vehicles and develops corresponding extensions: First, the paper considers the effects of uncertain prediction data received from a navigation unit. Secondly, we consider engine starting costs in the DP-PMP framework and thirdly, we allow to constrain the engine state (on/off) in certain parts of the driving cycle. These three components are integrated into a unified DP-PMP framework. Simulation studies demonstrate the practical benefit of the algorithm and show close to optimal performance in terms of fuel consumption. At the same time the algorithm is computationally cheap and allows real-time operation on series-production ECUs.
Steer-by-Wire: Eine analytische Beurteilung von unterschiedlichen Zahnstangenkraftschätzungen im Fahrzeug
Authors: Schäfer Johannes , Leidhold Roberto
Published: January 2021

Die genaue Kenntnis der Zahnstangenkraft ist in einem Steer-by-Wire-Fahrzeug unablässlich, um dem Fahrer am entkoppelten Handaktuator ein realistisches Gefühl über die Fahrbahnbeschaffenheit zu generieren. Aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen wird oftmals auf eine Schätzung zurückgegriffen. Mögliche Ansätze werden in dieser Untersuchung aufgegriffen, ihre Tauglichkeit analysiert, steuergerättauglich in Fixpoint modelliert, Programmlaufzeiten auf einem Entwicklerboard ermittelt, auf einem Steer-by-Wire-Steuergerät implementiert und ihre Genauigkeiten im Fahrzeug nachgewiesen.
Gedanken zur Auffrischung des musikbibliothekarischen Profils in Corona-Zeiten
Authors: Drotleff Petra
Published: January 2021

Musikbibliotheken haben vor allem bei jungen Menschen mit Attraktivitätsfragen zu kämpfen, durch den Ausbruch des Corona-Virus hat sich die Lage weiter verschärft. Im Rahmen der Pandemie wird die Bibliothek als Dritter Ort vielerorts auf ihr ursprüngliches Kernprofil der Ausleihe und Rückgabe zurückgetrimmt, aber es gehen von der anderen Seite auch die Benutzerzahlen zurück. Ein weiteres Thema ist der Trend zum Digitalen und wie er sich in Bibliotheken derzeit niederschlägt. Der Aufsatz will Anregungen zu zeitgemäßen Raumkonzepten und dem Umgang mit analogen versus digitalen Medien geben. Nicht zuletzt kommt die Rede auf die Stärkung des Profils durch Kollaborationen.
Abteilungsübergreifende Arbeitsbereiche in der Medienbearbeitung
Authors: Thomas Linda
Published: January 2021

Im Dezernat Medienbearbeitung der Universitätsbibliothek Potsdam wurden im Rahmen einer Evaluation sieben Kernprozesse definiert. Auf Basis dieser wurden erstmals zentrale Arbeitsbereiche erhoben, beschrieben und dokumentiert. Dabei stand der medienneutrale Geschäftsgang im Fokus der Neuausrichtung. Der Artikel thematisiert die zentralen Erkenntnisse der letzten fünf Jahre und gibt einen Überblick zur aktuellen Struktur.
Spartenübergreifend ins neue Jahrzehnt: Die Bibliothek des Kreisarchivs Warendorf
Authors: Langewand Knut
Published: January 2021

Die Bibliothek des Kreisarchivs Warendorf erfüllt als wissenschaftliche, lokale und Dienstbibliothek eine dreifache Rolle. Aufgrund des Charakters des Kreisarchivs als kommunales Zentralarchiv sammelt seine Bibliothek Medien zur Geschichte und Gegenwart aller 13 Kommunen des Kreises. Die 2020 abgeschlossene, spartenübergreifende Kooperation mit der Stadtbücherei Warendorf und der Umstieg auf eine Open Source-Bibliothekssoftware haben einen Impuls für eine bessere Vernetzung und größere öffentliche Sichtbarkeit der Kreisarchivbibliothek gegeben.
LncRNA PVT1 promotes cervical cancer progression by sponging miR-503 to upregulate ARL2 expression
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Yao Dongmei , Huang Bo
Published: January 2021

Cervical cancer (CC) is a huge threat to the health of women worldwide. Long non-coding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 gene (PVT1) was proved to be associated with the development of diverse human cancers, including CC. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism of PVT1 in CC progression remains unclear. Levels of PVT1, microRNA-503 (miR-503), and ADP ribosylation factor-like protein 2 (ARL2) were measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction or western blot assay. 3-(4,5)-Dimethylthiazole-2-y1)-2,5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry were used to examine cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. For migration and invasion detection, transwell assay was performed. The interaction between miR-503 and PVT1 or ARL2 was shown by dual luciferase reporter assay. A nude mouse model was constructed to clarify the role of PVT1 in vivo. PVT1 and ARL2 expressions were increased, whereas miR-503 expression was decreased in CC tissues and cells. PVT1 was a sponge of miR-503, and miR-503 targeted ARL2. PVT1 knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of CC cells, which could be largely reverted by miR-503 inhibitor. In addition, upregulated ARL2 could attenuate si-PVT1-mediated anti-proliferation and anti-metastasis effects on CC cells. Silenced PVT1 also inhibited CC tumor growth in vivo. PVT1 knockdown exerted tumor suppressor role in CC progression via the miR-503/ARL2 axis, at least in part.
Effect of caffeine on the growth and photosynthetic efficiency of marine macroalgae
Authors: Gray Ira , Green-Gavrielidis Lindsay A. , Thornber Carol
Published: January 2021

Caffeine is present in coastal environments worldwide and there is a need to assess its impact on marine organisms. Here, we exposed two species of ecologically important marine macroalgae (Chondrus crispus and Codium fragile subsp. fragile) to a suite of caffeine concentrations and measured their response. Caffeine concentrations of 10–100 ng L−1 had no significant effect on the growth rate or photosynthetic efficiency of either algae. Extremely high concentrations (100–200 mg L−1), which may occur acutely, produced sublethal effects for both species and mortality in C. fragile subsp. fragile. Our results highlight the need to understand how caffeine impacts marine species.
Natural mapping between voice commands and APIs
Authors: Sulír Matúš , Porubän Jaroslav
Published: January 2021

After a voice control system transforms audio input into a natural language sentence, its main purpose is to map this sentence to a specific action in the API (application programming interface) that should be performed. This mapping is usually specified after the API is already designed. In this paper, we show how an API can be designed with voice control in mind, which makes this mapping natural. The classes, methods, and parameters in the source code are named and typed according to the terms expected in the natural language commands. When this is insufficient, annotations (attribute-oriented programming) are used to define synonyms, string-to-object maps, or other properties. We also describe the mapping process and present a preliminary implementation called VCMapper. In its evaluation on a third-party dataset, it was successfully used to map all the sentences, while a large portion of the mapping was performed using only naming and typing conventions.
A binary Bird Swarm Optimization based load balancing algorithm for cloud computing environment
Authors: Mishra Kaushik , Majhi Santosh Kumar
Published: January 2021

Task scheduling and load balancing are a concern for service providers in the cloud computing environment. The problem of scheduling tasks and balancing loads in a cloud is categorized under an NP-hard problem. Thus, it needs an efficient load scheduling algorithm that not only allocates the tasks onto appropriate VMs but also maintains the trade-off amidst VMs. It should keep an equilibrium among VMs in a way that reduces the makespan while maximizing the utilization of resources and throughput. In response to it, the authors propose a load balancing algorithm inspired by the mimicking behavior of a flock of birds, which is called the Bird Swarm Optimization Load Balancing (BSO-LB) algorithm that considers tasks as birds and VMs as destination food patches. In the considered cloud simulation environment, tasks are assumed to be independent and non-preemptive. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm under real workloads, the authors consider a dataset (GoCJ) logged by Goggle in 2018 for the execution of cloudlets. The proposed algorithm aims to enhance the overall system performance by reducing response time and keeping the whole system balanced. The authors have integrated the binary variant of the BSO algorithm with the load balancing method. The proposed technique is analyzed and compared with other existing load balancing algorithms such as MAX-MIN, RASA, Improved PSO, and other scheduling algorithms as FCFS, SJF, and RR. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms when being compared with the different algorithms mentioned above. It is noteworthy that the proposed approach illustrates an improvement in resource utilization and reduces the makespan of tasks.
Design of an environmentally friendly fuel based on a synthetic composite nano-catalyst through parameter estimation and process modeling
Authors: Jarullah Aysar T. , Muhammed Sarmad K. , Al-Tabbakh Ban A. , Mujtaba Iqbal M.
Published: January 2021

In this paper, oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process is studied for the purpose of removing the sulfur components from light gas oil (LGO) via experimentation and process modeling. A recently developed (by the authors) copper and nickel oxide based composite nano-catalyst is used in the process. The ODS experiments are conducted in a batch reactor and air is used as an oxidizer under moderate operation conditions. Determination of the kinetic parameters with high accuracy is necessary of the related chemical reactions to develop a helpful model for the ODS operation giving a perfect design of the reactor and process with high confidence. High conversion of 92% LGO was obtained under a reaction temperature of 413 K and reaction time of 90 min for synthesized Cu Ni /HY nano-catalyst. Here model based optimization technique incorporating experimental data is used to estimate such parameters. Two approaches (linear and non-linear) are utilized to estimate the best kinematic parameters with an absolute error of less than 5% between the predicted and the experimental results. An environmentally friendly fuel is regarded the main goal of this study, therefore the optimization process is then employed utilizing the validated model of the prepared composite nano-catalyst to get the optimal operating conditions achieving maximum conversion of such process. The results show that the process is effective in removing more than 99% of the sulfur from the LGO resulting in a cleaner fuel.