bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Websites or Videos: Which Offer Better Information for Patients? A Comparative Analysis of the Quality of YouTube Videos and Websites for Cosmetic Injectables
Authors: Patel Anooj A. , Mulvihill Lianne , Jin Alison , Patel Ashit , Galiano Robert D.
Published: January 2022

Background:

YouTube is used by more than 70 percent of adults and 81 percent of 15- to 25-year-olds. The information quality of videos related to the two most performed aesthetic procedures—botulinum toxin type A (Botox) and soft-tissue filler injections—has not been assessed or compared to that of websites.

Methods:

A YouTube search for “Botox” and “fillers” was performed in July of 2020, identifying the most popular health information videos. Quality was assessed using the validated Journal of American Medical Association, Health on the Net principles, and the DISCERN criteria in addition to a procedure-specific content score. Quality scores were compared between different groups of video contributors and against websites.

Results:

A total of 720 measurements of quality were performed across 95 YouTube videos and 85 websites. The mean quality scores were as follows: Journal of the American Medical Association, 1.74/4 ± 0.718; Health on the Net, 6.66/16 ± 2.07; DISCERN, 40.0/80 ± 9.25; and content, 39.1/100 ± 11.9. Physician, nonphysician health professionals, and other (news, magazine channels, and influencers) were all of higher quality than patient-based videos (p < 0.001). The mean DISCERN percentage score for videos was 50.04 ± 11.57 and significantly less than that of websites, 55.46 ± 15.74 (p = 0.010). The mean content scores showed a similar result, 39.06 ± 11.92 versus 60.76 ± 17.65 (p < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusions:

Improvement is needed in the quality of YouTube videos related to aesthetic injectables. Plastic surgeons, who are the most frequent video contributors, are most qualified to provide this change. Plastic surgeons should include videos as part of their online presence, as they may help facilitate a greater viewership.
68Ga–Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Avid Malignant Pleural Effusion in a Patient With Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma and Concordance With 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Uijen Maike José Maria , Weijers Jetty Anne Mina , Driessen Chantal Maria Leonarda , van Herpen Carla Marie Louise , Nagarajah James
Published: January 2022

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer that arises from salivary glands and other secretory glands. Pulmonary metastases are frequently observed in ACC patients with metastatic disease. Previous research showed that ACC often shows high PSMA uptake on 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. Here, we present PET images from an ACC patient with pulmonal, pleural metastases, and malignant pleural effusion, with comparable tracer uptake on 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET and 18F-FDG PET.
Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Syndrome Presented as Cerebellar Hypermetabolism in a Patient With Occult Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Booij Jan , Adam Judit A. , van Eerde Maaike S. , Bronner Irene M.
Published: January 2022

A 47-year-old woman presented with an acute cerebellar syndrome. Neither cerebellar atrophy nor an infarction or tumor was shown on MRI. A diagnostic CT demonstrated enlarged axillary lymph nodes, but no primary tumor. Puncture of these nodes showed non–small cell carcinoma. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging was performed and suggested an occult breast carcinoma, which was confirmed by pathological examination. It also showed cerebellar hypermetabolism, consistent with a PCS (paraneoplastic cerebellar syndrome). This case shows that 18F-FDG PET imaging may be of value in patients in which a PCS is considered clinically, particularly in patients suspicious for an occult malignancy.
Clinical and Sonographic Features of Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm With Papillary-Like Nuclear Features
Authors: Ni Xiaofeng , Xu Shangyan , Zhang Benyan , Zhan Weiwei , Zhou Wei
Published: January 2022

This study was designed to investigate the clinical and sonographic features of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTPs) as compared with classical papillary thyroid carcinoma (cPTC), follicular adenoma (FA), and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC). A total of 178 patients were enrolled in this study. The clinical characteristics and sonographic features of thyroid nodules were compared between NIFTP and cPTC or FA/FTC. All nodules were reclassified according to the Thyroid Ultrasound Imaging Reporting and Data System and American Thyroid Association guidelines classification. The mean size of NIFTP was 29.91 ± 14.71 mm, which was larger than that of cPTC (P = 0.000). Significant difference was found in lymph node metastases between NIFTP and cPTC (P = 0.000). Most NIFTPs showed solid composition, hypoechoic echogenicity, smooth margin, wider than tall shape, none echogenic foci, absence of halo, and perinodular vascularity, which were similar with FA and FTC. Compared with NIFTP, hypoechoic and very hypoechoic, taller than wide, irregular margin, punctate echogenic foci, absence of halo, and low vascularity were more commonly observed in cPTC. There were statistical differences both in American College of Radiology Thyroid Ultrasound Imaging Reporting and Data System and in American Thyroid Association classification between NIFTP and cPTC (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between NIFTP and FTC/FA (P > 0.05). The ultrasonographic characteristics of NIFTP were obviously different from cPTC but overlapped with FTC and FA. Ultrasound could help increase preoperative attention of NIFTP in an appropriate clinical setting, which may lead to a more conservative treatment approach.
Balloons for kids: Anatomic candidacy and optimal catheter size for pediatric resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta
Authors: Sykes Alicia Gaidry , Sisson William B. , Wang Lucas J. , Martin Matthew J. , Thangarajah Hariharan , Naheedy John , Fernandez Nathanial , Nelles Meghan E. , Ignacio Romeo C.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is a potential adjunct in pediatric trauma patients with noncompressible truncal and pelvic hemorrhage; however, there are little data evaluating the anatomic considerations of REBOA in children. We evaluated the vascular dimensions and anatomic limitations of using REBOA in children.

METHODS

Computed tomography scans of pediatric patients performed between February 2016 and October 2019 were retrospectively reviewed by two investigators. Vascular measurements included diameters of aorta zones I and III, common iliac arteries, external iliac arteries, and common femoral arteries (CFAs), and distances between access site (CFA) and aorta zones I and III. Measurements were grouped within Broselow categories, based upon patient height. Interrater reliability for measurements was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients. Vascular dimensions were correlated with the patient's height, weight, and body mass index using linear regression analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 557 computed tomography scans met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Measurements of vessel diameter and distance from the CFA to aorta zones I and III were determined and grouped by Broselow category. Patient age ranged from 0 to 18 years, with a male to female ratio of 1:1. Overall interrater reliability of vessel measurements was good (average intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.90). Vessel diameter had greatest correlation with height (R
2 = 0.665, aorta zone I; R
2 = 0.611, aorta zone III) and poorly correlated with body mass index (R
2 = 0.318 and R
2 = 0.290, respectively).

CONCLUSION

This study represents the largest compilation of REBOA-related pediatric vessel diameter measurements and the first to provide data on distance between access site and balloon deployment zones. Based on our findings, the 7-Fr REBOA catheter would be appropriate for the Black, Green, and Orange Broselow categories, and a 4-Fr REBOA catheter would be warranted for Yellow, White, and Blue Broselow categories.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Prognostic and epidemiological, level III.
Costs dictate strategic investment in dominance interactions
Authors: Dehnen Tobit , Papageorgiou Danai , Nyaguthii Brendah , Cherono Wismer , Penndorf Julia , Boogert Neeltje J. , Farine Damien R.
Published: January 2022

Dominance is important for access to resources. As dominance interactions are costly, individuals should be strategic in whom they interact with. One hypothesis is that individuals should direct costly interactions towards those closest in rank, as they have most to gain—in terms of attaining or maintaining dominance—from winning such interactions. Here, we show that male vulturine guineafowl (
Acryllium vulturinum
), a gregarious species with steep dominance hierarchies, strategically express higher-cost aggressive interactions towards males occupying ranks immediately below themselves in their group's hierarchy. By contrast, lower-cost aggressive interactions are expressed towards group members further down the hierarchy. By directly evaluating differences in the strategic use of higher- and lower-cost aggressive interactions towards competitors, we show that individuals disproportionately use highest-cost interactions—such as chases—towards males found one to three ranks below themselves. Our results support the hypothesis that the costs associated with different interaction types can determine their expression in social groups with steep dominance hierarchies.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies’.
Neoantigen Landscape Supports Feasibility of Personalized Cancer Vaccine for Follicular Lymphoma
Authors: Ramirez Cody A. , Frenkel Felix , Becker-Hapak Michelle , Barnell Erica K. , McClain Ethan D. , Desai Sweta , Schappe Timothy , Onyeador Onyinyechi C. , Kudryashova Olga , Belousov Vladislav , Bagaev Alexander , Ocheredko Elena , Kiwala Susanna , Hundal Jasreet , Skidmore Zachary L. , Watkins Marcus P. , Mooney Thomas B. , Walker Jason R. , Krysiak Kilannin , Russler-Germain David A. , Gomez Felicia , Fronick Catrina C. , Fulton Robert S. , Schreiber Robert D. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Cashen Amanda F. , Kahl Brad S. , Ataullakhanov Ravshan , Bartlett Nancy L. , Griffith Malachi , Griffith Obi L. , Fehniger Todd A.
Published: January 2022

Personalized cancer vaccines designed to target neoantigens represent a promising new treatment paradigm in oncology. In contrast to classical idiotype vaccines, we hypothesized that ‘polyvalent’ vaccines could be engineered for the personalized treatment of follicular lymphoma (FL) using neoantigen discovery by combined whole exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Fifty-eight tumor samples from 57 patients with FL underwent WES and RNA-Seq. Somatic and B-cell clonotype neoantigens were predicted and filtered to identify high-quality neoantigens. B-cell clonality was determined by alignment of B-cell receptor (BCR) CDR3 regions from RNA-Seq data, grouping at the protein level, and comparison to the BCR repertoire of RNA-Seq data from healthy individuals. An average of 52 somatic mutations per patient (range: 2-172) were identified, and two or more (median: 15) high-quality neoantigens were predicted for 56 of 58 samples. The predicted neoantigen peptides were composed of missense mutations (76%), indels (9%), gene fusions (3%), and BCR sequences (11%). Building off of these preclinical analyses, we initiated a pilot clinical trial using personalized neoantigen vaccination combined with PD-1 blockade in patients with relapsed or refractory FL (#NCT03121677). Synthetic long peptide (SLP) vaccines were successfully synthesized for and administered to all four patients enrolled to date. Initial results demonstrate feasibility, safety, and potential immunologic and clinical responses. Our study suggests that a genomics-driven personalized cancer vaccine strategy is feasible for patients with FL, and this may overcome prior challenges in the field.
Egg-derived anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin Y (IgY) with broad variant activity as intranasal prophylaxis against COVID-19
Authors: Frumkin Lyn R. , Lucas Michaela , Scribner Curtis L. , Ortega-Heinly Nastassja , Rogers Jayden , Yin Gang , Hallam Trevor J , Yam Alice , Bedard Kristin , Begley Rebecca , Cohen Courtney A. , Badger Catherine V. , Abbasi Shawn A. , Dye John M. , McMillan Brian , Wallach Michael , Bricker Traci L. , Joshi Astha , Boon Adrianus C.M. , Pokhrel Suman , Kraemer Benjamin R. , Lee Lucia , Kargotich Stephen , Agogiya Mahima , St. John Tom , Mochly-Rosen Daria
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 emergency use authorizations and approvals for vaccines were achieved in record time. However, there remains a need to develop additional safe, effective, easy-to-produce, and inexpensive prevention to reduce the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection. This need is due to difficulties in vaccine manufacturing and distribution, vaccine hesitancy, and, critically, the increased prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with greater contagiousness or reduced sensitivity to immunity. Antibodies from eggs of hens (immunoglobulin Y; IgY) that were administered receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were developed as nasal drops to capture the virus on the nasal mucosa. Although initially raised against the 2019 novel coronavirus index strain (2019- nCoV), these anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgY surprisingly had indistinguishable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay binding against variants of concern that have emerged, including Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529). This is distinct for sera from immunized or convalescent patients. Culture neutralization titers against available Alpha, Beta, and Delta were also indistinguishable from the index SARS-CoV-2 strain. Efforts to develop these IgY for clinical use demonstrated that the intranasal anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgY preparation showed no binding (cross-reactivity) to a variety of human tissues and had an excellent safety profile in rats following 28-day intranasal delivery of the formulated IgY. A double-blind, randomized, placebo- controlled phase 1 study evaluating single-ascending and multiple doses of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgY administered intranasally for 14 days in 48 healthy adults also demonstrated an excellent safety and tolerability profile, and no evidence of systemic absorption. As these antiviral IgY have broad selectivity against many variants of concern, are fast to produce, and are a low-cost product, their use as prophylaxis to reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral transmission warrants further evaluation. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04567810, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04567810)
A Proposal for Finite But Unbounded Human Lifetimes
Authors: Huang Fei , Maller Ross , Milholland Brandon , Ning Xu
Published: January 2022

Close analysis of an extensive data set combined with independent evidence prompts our proposal to view human lifetimes as individually finite but collectively unbounded. We formulate a model incorporating this idea whose predictions agree very well with the observed data. In the model, human lifetimes are theoretically unbounded, but the probability of an individual living to an extreme age is negligible, so lifetimes are effectively limited. Our model incorporates a mortality hazard rate plateau and a late-life mortality deceleration effect in conjunction with a newly observed advanced age mortality acceleration. This reconciles many previously observed effects. The model is temporally stable: consistent with observation, parameters do not change over time. As an application, assuming no major medical advances, we predict the emergence of many individuals living past 120, but due to accelerating mortality find it unlikely that any will subsequently survive to an age of 125.
Computer adaptive testing to assess impairing behavioral health problems in emergency department patients
Authors: O’Reilly Lauren M. , Dalal Azhar I. , Maag Serena , Perry Matthew T. , Card Alex , Bohrer Max B. , Hamersly Jackson , Mohammed Setarah , Peterson Kelli , Beiser David G. , Gibbons Robert D. , D’Onofrio Brian M. , Musey Paul I.
Published: January 2022

Study Objective

To assess the prevalence of several impairing behavioral health domains in stable patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) through the use of computer adaptive testing and the association among the domains, standard assessments, and ED utilization.

Methods

This was a single-center observational study of 828 randomly selected adult patients presenting to the ED from May 2019 to March 2020. The main outcomes of interest were the self-administered, validated computer adaptive assessments of suicidality, depression, anxiety, PTSD, and substance abuse using computer adaptive testing, the CAT-MH™. We estimated the association among the CAT-MH™ subscales, standard assessments, and the number of ED visits in the year prior and 30 days after enrollment.

Results

The proportion of those who scored above the threshold of low/mild risk were: 24.1% (suicidality), 8.3% (depression), 16.5% (anxiety), 12.3% (PTSD), and 20.4% (substance use). While the CAT-MH™ subscales were highly correlated with other self-report assessments, they were not highly associated with standard ED assessments of suicidality. When examining associations with ED use, for example, individuals who had two or more ED visits in the prior year had 51% increased odds of being in the intermediate-high suicide risk category (95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.03-2.23) compared to those with zero prior ED visits.

Conclusion

The CAT-MH™ can document the high prevalence of mental health conditions in the ED, which were missed by standard ED practices. Mental health problems are associated with ED utilization in a population of patients presenting largely for somatic complaints.
Potential uses of AI for perioperative nursing handoffs: a qualitative study
Authors: King Christopher Ryan , Shambe Ayanna , Abraham Joanna
Published: January 2022

Objective

Situational awareness and anticipatory guidance for nurses receiving a patient after surgery are key to patient safety. Little work has defined the role of artificial intelligence (AI) to support these functions during nursing handoff communication or patient assessment. We used interviews and direct observations to better understand how AI could work in this context.

Materials and Methods

58 handoffs were observed of patients entering and leaving the post- anesthesia care unit at a single center. 11 nurses participated in semi-structured interviews. Mixed inductive-deductive thematic analysis extracted major themes and subthemes around roles for AI supporting postoperative nursing.

Results

Four themes emerged from the interviews: (1) Nurse understanding of patient condition guides care decisions, (2) Handoffs are important to nurse situational awareness; problem focus and information transfer may be improved by AI, (3) AI may augment nurse care decision making and team communication, (4) User experience and information overload are likely barriers to using AI. Key subthemes included that AI-identified problems would be discussed at handoff and team communications, that AI-estimated elevated risks would trigger patient re- evaluation, and that AI-identified important data may be a valuable addition to nursing assessment.

Discussion and Conclusion

Most research on postoperative handoff communication relies on structured checklists. Our results suggest that properly designed AI tools might facilitate postoperative handoff communication for nurses by identifying elevated risks faced by a specific patient, triggering discussion on those topics.

LAY SUMMARY

Nurses caring for patients after surgery make many decisions about what complications to look for and how to treat issues that arise. They rely on handoffs from prior providers to understand the patient’s background, events, and plans so far. We observed nurse handoffs after surgery where operating room nurses transfer information and their care responsibility to postoperative unit nurses to ensure care continuity. We also interviewed nurses to ask if and how artificial intelligence (AI) might help them focus their handoff communication on likely problems and generally understand the patient. Our participants stated that if AI identified likely issues, they would discuss those topics in handoff, communicate about those problems with physicians, and modify their monitoring and treatment to the level of risk faced by the patient. This finding runs against most research on improving communication, which focuses on checklists of topics to discuss. Most uses of AI for nurses focus on making specific to-do recommendations and documentation reminders and search, but we find that nurses would benefit from AI which focuses more on their understanding of the patient’s condition. These findings have major implications for the application of AI support for nurses.
Effect of photovoltaic installation power and façade glazing ratio on the energy performance of a nursery building
Authors: Marchwiński Janusz , Kurtz-Orecka Karolina
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The aim of the research is to determine the influence of photovoltaic (PV) installation and the share of façade glazing on the energy profile of nursery buildings in the Baltic Sea region, as well as defining the most favorable configuration in terms of energy efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach

The article provides comparative calculations of energy performance indicators (Ep, Ed, Eu) and CO2 emissions (mCO2) made for the defined model of the nursery. It includes calculations concerning energy performance of the building, depending on its PV power (0–60 kWp), PV efficiency (100 and 85%) and façade glazing ratio (GR = 25%, 50% and 75%).

Findings

The results of the research indicate that an increase in the PV power exerts proportional impact on the reduction of the Ep and Ed indicators, as well as on the CO2 emissions. Only low GR values (25%) reduce the Eu indicator significantly. Decrease in high range of GR values (over 50%) does not provide proportional effects. In the variant: 60 kWp (100% efficiency) with GR = 25%, the biggest share (99.5%) of RES was obtained. This proves that the concept of energy independent nursery buildings is feasible and reasonable in the examined location.

Practical implications

Designing buildings towards environmental neutrality requires laborious pre-design conceptual work before developing the right solutions. The set of results of the relationship between the variables of the building's envelope, energy performance indicators and the required involvement of active RES installations to achieve high energy performance of a building presented in the article is valuable. It allows for a preliminary decision of the direction of the design solutions selection in the design process of public utility buildings, such as nurseries. Thus, it may significantly shorten the pre-design analysis process for the location of the southern part of the Baltic Sea region.

Originality/value

The novelty of the paper relies on examining the dependences between PV power and façade glazing ratio in terms of their influence on energy profile of nursery buildings.
Robotics at dimension data: friend or foe of the human in process automation?
Authors: Karim Michelle , Swart-Opperman Christina , Bick Geoff
Published: January 2022

Learning outcomes

The learning outcomes are follows: critically assess the impact of disruptive technologies, such as automation, on the organisation, its processes and employees; evaluate the structural changes required within the organisation to prepare for digital transformation; apply change models to the unique challenges associated with disruptive technologies; and recommend solutions for the organisation to proceed with the implementation of disruptive technologies, while keeping employees central to the change.

Case overview/synopsis

The Dimension Data automation case provides students and executives with a glimpse of the future that organisations and employees must prepare for. The case starts out with the protagonist and product owner of digital at Dimension Data, Andrew Harmse, reflecting on his three-year automation journey within the Automation Centre of Excellence. The world of automation is growing exponentially, and Andrew’s team will have to support the organisation as they scale up their automation journey and navigate the uncertain future of an increased, blended human-robot workforce. Individual employee reactions, positive and negative, will have to be balanced with the opportunities that ever-changing technology enables. The case focusses on the themes of digital transformation, digital disruption, change management and the very real factors to consider when faced with decision-making on automation as the world is constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced organisations to relook processes and increase investment in technologies that enable digital client engagement and servicing, considering social distancing requirements. Automation at dimension data has been largely internally focussed, but there is a drive to increase delivery for clients. Andrew’s team will have to guide organisations through the journey and continuum of changes and uncertainties, such as large- scale unemployment and robot ethics.

Complexity academic level

The target audience for this teaching case are postgraduate and Master level students, specifically Master of Business Administration (MBA) students as well as Executive Education courses. Students who are responsible for making strategic decisions that impact the future of their organisations as well as students with an interest in the role of technology in the future will benefit from the case.

Supplementary materials

Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code

CSS 6: Human Resource Management.
Coupling of BGK lattice Boltzmann method and experimental rheological/thermal behavior of Al2O3–oil nanolubricant for modeling of a finned thermal storage
Authors: Aqeel Ashraf Muhammad , Liu Zhenling , Hasani Malekshah Emad , Kolsi Lioua , Kadhim Hussein Ahmed
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of the present work is to investigate the hydrodynamic and thermal performance of a thermal storage based on the numerical and experimental approaches using the lattice Boltzmann method and the experimental observation on the thermo-physical properties of the operating fluid.

Design/methodology/approach

For this purpose, the Al2O3 nanoparticle is added to the lubricant with four nanoparticle concentrations, including 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6Vol.%. After preparing the nanolubricant samples, the thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity of nanolubricant are measured using thermal analyzer and viscometer, respectively. Finally, the extracted data are used in the numerical simulation using provided correlations. In the numerical process, the lattice Boltzmann equations based on Bhatnagar–Gross Krook model are used. Also, some modifications are applied to treat with the complex boundary conditions. In addition, the second law analysis is used based on the local and total views.

Findings

Different types of results are reported, including the flow structure, temperature distribution, contours of local entropy generation, value of average Nusselt number, value of entropy generation and value of Bejan number.

Originality/value

The originality of this work is combining a modern numerical methodology with experimental data to simulate the convective flow for an industrial application.
The impact of AI-enabled service attributes on service hospitableness: the role of employee physical and psychological workload
Authors: Qiu Hailian , Li Minglong , Bai Billy , Wang Ning , Li Yingli
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Hospitableness lies in the center of hospitality services. With the infusion of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the hospitality industry, managers are concerned about how AI influences service hospitableness. Previous research has examined the consequences of AI technology based on customers’ assessment while ignoring the key players in service hospitableness – frontline employees (FLEs). This study aims to reveal how AI technology empowers FLEs physically, mentally and emotionally, facilitating hospitableness provision.

Design/methodology/approach

As the starting point, the instrument for AI-enabled service attributes was designed based on previous literature, hotel FLE interviews, expert panel and a pilot survey, and then validated using survey data. After that, a paired supervisor-employee sample was recruited in 15 hotels, and 342 valid questionnaires covering the constructs were obtained.

Findings

Factor analyses and measurement model evaluation suggest that the four factors, including anthropomorphic, entertainment, functional and information attributes, explain the construct of AI-enabled service attributes well, with high reliability and validity. Additionally, anthropomorphic, functional and information attributes of AI technology have been found to enable FLEs physically, mentally and emotionally, which further lead to increased service hospitableness. The entertainment attributes do not significantly reduce physical and mental fatigue but lead to positive emotions of FLEs significantly. Additionally, psychological job demand moderates the effects of AI-enabled service attributes on physical fatigue.

Practical implications

Practical implications can be made for AI technology application and hospitableness provision, in terms of AI technology analysis, job design and employee workload management.

Originality/value

This research contributes to understanding AI-enabled service attributes and their consequences, extends the conservation of resources theory to AI application context and promotes the research on service hospitableness.
Mediating-moderating effect of employee creativity and team potency on expatriate innovative work behaviour
Authors: AlMazrouei Hanan , Zacca Robert , Mustafa Ghulam
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This study aims to investigate how learning goal orientation (LGO), participative decision-making (PDM) and leadership member exchange (LMX) influence innovative work behaviour (IWB) through expatriate employee creativity (EC). This research study further contributes to the extant literature by investigating team potency’s (TP) potential interaction effect on the expatriate EC–IWB relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were gathered via survey from 175 expatriate employees in non-managerial positions in the United Arab Emirates. Partial least square structural equation modelling was used for analysing the collected data.

Findings

The statistical results show that PDM, LGO and LMX have a direct positive impact on IWB. The statistical findings also reveal that EC mediates the LGO and IWB relationship. Furthermore, TP has a significant positive moderating effect on the EC and IWB relationship.

Originality/value

This work adds to the literature in the field on innovation work behaviour and its antecedents by analysing data within the expatriate employee context, where empirical examinations are limited.
Identifying stakeholders’ perspectives on the success factors of halal tourism in the city of Makassar: a group model building approach
Authors: Huda Nurul , Gani Ariel Nian , Rini Nova , Rizky Tiko Dhafin , Ichsan Lazuardi
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Islamic attributes and activities need to be developed in compliance with the halal concept to attract potential Muslim tourists and ensure the success of halal tourism. Although the literature shows that many factors can influence the success of halal tourism, a complete picture of the success factors of halal tourism in a city is still very limited. As such, this explorative study aims to examine stakeholders’ perspectives regarding the antecedents of halal tourism success and the benefits of halal tourism for the city.

Design/methodology/approach

Qualitative system dynamics modeling was used for this study, and Makassar (a successful halal tourism city) was considered as the basis for the study. A causal loop diagram (CLD) of halal tourism was developed using the group model building technique to elicit stakeholders’ knowledge and assumptions. Network analysis and feedback loop analysis were used to identify the driving factors of successful halal tourism.

Findings

Two factors need to be taken into account by halal tourism stakeholders in the city: support from the central and local government and improving and maintaining potential tourists’ perceptions of the city. There are four benefits of halal tourism success for the city: an increase in the number of micro-, small- and medium-sized halal businesses in the city, increased support from the central and local government to further develop halal tourism infrastructure in the city, increased word-of-mouth promotion of Makassar as a tourism destination and a decrease in the price of halal tourism components (e.g. food and accommodation).

Originality/value

The resulting CLD shows the interlinkage between political, societal and economical factors that could influence the success of halal tourism development. In particular, the findings show how governments and tourism stakeholders need to promote halal tourism socialization in the community and improve the public perception of this type of tourism. Therefore, the findings can help destination stakeholders and tourism developers in other cities develop halal tourism potential.
Assessing the factors affecting implementation of unmanned aerial vehicles in Indian humanitarian logistics: a g-DANP approach
Authors: Kamat Aditya , Shanker Saket , Barve Akhilesh
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the factors affecting the implementation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in Indian humanitarian logistics. The factors listed are significant as they are hindering the incorporation of this new technology into the humanitarian supply chain, thus creating inefficiencies in the humanitarian logistics sector.

Design/methodology/approach

This research is approached using a two-step process. In the first step, the particular barriers for UAV implementation are determined by a literature review and consultation with experts. Next, the proposed framework, a combination of grey-decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (grey-DEMATEL) and analytic network process (ANP), i.e. g-DANP, is used to determine a hierarchical structure for the factors and sub-factors. The grey hypothesis provides sufficient analytical data to an otherwise lacking DEMATEL technique. Also, the use of ANP gives weightage to each factor, allowing us to categorize their importance further.

Findings

This study reveals that factors like expensive commercial solutions and high transport energy costs are significant factors of the “cause” group, whereas the uncertain cost for maintenance and repair and deficiency of high-level computing are crucial factors of the “effect” category. The mentioned factors, along with many others, are the main reasons for the delayed incorporation of UAVs in humanitarian logistics.

Practical implications

The results of this study present insights for humanitarian supply chain managers, UAV producers and policymakers. Those in the humanitarian logistics sector can use the findings of this study to plan for various challenges faced as they try and implement UAVs in their supply chain.

Originality/value

This research is unique as it analyses the general factors hindering the implementation of UAVs in Indian humanitarian logistics. The study enriches existing literature by providing an analytic approach to determine the weightage of various interrelations between the identified factors affecting UAV incorporation in the humanitarian supply chain.
Mapping the quantity, quality and structural indicators of Asian (48 countries and 3 territories) research productivity on cloud computing
Authors: Awan Waqar Ahmad , Abbas Akhtar
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to map the quantity (frequency), quality (impact) and structural indicators (correlations) of research produced on cloud computing in 48 countries and 3 territories in the Asia continent.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve the objectives of the study and scientifically map the indicators, data were extracted from the Scopus database. The extracted bibliographic data was first cleaned properly using Endnote and then analyzed using Biblioshiny and VosViewer application software. In the software, calculations include citations count;h,gandmindexes; Bradford's and Lotka's laws; and other scientific mappings.

Findings

Results of the study indicate that China remained the most productive, impactful and collaborative country in Asia. All the top 20 impactful authors were also from China. The other most researched areas associated with cloud computing were revealed to be mobile cloud computing and data security in clouds. The most prominent journal currently publishing research studies on cloud computing was “Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing.”

Originality/value

The study is the first of its kind which identified the quantity (frequencies), quality (impact) and structural indicators (correlations) of Asian (48 countries and 3 territories) research productivity on cloud computing. The results are of great importance for researchers and countries interested in further exploring, publishing and increasing cross country collaborations related to the phenomenon of cloud computing.
Changes in the effect of corporate tax avoidance on the cost of debt over the past 25 years
Authors: Lee Sungsil
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This study aims to examine how the effect of corporate tax avoidance on the cost of debt has changed in the period 1993–2017. Although it is known that tax avoidance has significantly increased during this period (Dyreng et al., 2017), little evidence exists on how this change alters the effect of tax avoidance on the cost of debt. This study investigates how changes in tax avoidance modify the association between tax avoidance and the cost of debt.

Design/methodology/approach

By using a comprehensive sample of 15,825 loan facilities issued to US public firms in the period 1993–2017, this study tests the time-series changes in the association between tax avoidance and the cost of debt.

Findings

This study finds that a positive association between tax avoidance and the cost of debt has been declined over the past 25 years. Accordingly, tax avoidance in general no longer increases the loan spread after the enactment of domestic production activities deduction. However, the risker end of tax avoidance does still increase the loan spread.

Originality/value

This study spotlights the time-series changes in the effect of corporate tax avoidance on the cost of debt, showing how lenders perception on corporate tax avoidance has altered in accordance with changes in corporate tax practice.
Transient thermal finite-element analysis of fused filament fabrication process
Authors: Nahar Chitralekha , Gurrala Pavan Kumar
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The thermal behavior at the interfaces (of the deposited strands) during fused filament fabrication (FFF) technique strongly influences bond formation and it is a time- and temperature-dependent process. The processing parameters affect the thermal behavior at the interfaces and the purpose of the paper is to simulate using temperature-dependent (nonlinear) thermal properties rather than constant properties.

Design/methodology/approach

Nonlinear temperature-dependent thermal properties are used to simulate the FFF process in a simulation software. The finite-element model is first established by comparing the simulation results with that of analytical and experimental results of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and polylactic acid. Strand temperature and time duration to reach critical sintering temperature for the bond formation are estimated for one of the deposition sequences.

Findings

Temperatures are estimated at an interface and are then compared with the experimental results, which shows a close match. The results of the average time duration (time to reach the critical sintering temperature) of strands with the defined deposition sequences show that the first interface has the highest average time duration. Varying processing parameters show that higher temperatures of the extruder and envelope along with higher extruder diameter and lower convective heat transfer coefficient will have more time available for bonding between the strands.

Originality/value

A novel numerical model is developed using temperature-dependent (nonlinear) thermal properties to simulate FFF processes. The model estimates the temperature evolution at the strand interfaces. It helps to evaluate the time duration to reach critical sintering temperature (temperature above which the bond formation occurs) as it cools from extrusion temperature.
Coenzyme B12‐dependent and independent photoregulation of carotenogenesis across Myxococcales
Authors: Pérez‐Castaño Ricardo , Bastida‐Martínez Eva , Fernández‐Zapata Jesús , Polanco María del Carmen , Galbis‐Martínez María Luisa , Iniesta Antonio A. , Fontes Marta , Padmanabhan S. , Elías‐Arnanz Montserrat
Published: January 2022

Light‐induced carotenogenesis in Myxococcus xanthus is controlled by the B12‐based CarH repressor and photoreceptor, and by a separate intricate pathway involving singlet oxygen, the B12‐independent CarH paralogue CarA and various other proteins, some eukaryotic‐like. Whether other myxobacteria conserve these pathways and undergo photoregulated carotenogenesis is unknown. Here, comparative analyses across 27 Myxococcales genomes identified carotenogenic genes, albeit arranged differently, with carH often in their genomic vicinity, in all three Myxococcales suborders. However, CarA and its associated factors were found exclusively in suborder Cystobacterineae, with carA‐carH invariably in tandem in a syntenic carotenogenic operon, except for Cystobacter/Melittangium, which lack CarA but retain all other factors. We experimentally show B12‐mediated photoregulated carotenogenesis in representative myxobacteria, and a remarkably plastic CarH operator design and DNA binding across Myxococcales. Unlike the two characterized CarH from other phyla, which are tetrameric, Cystobacter CarH (the first myxobacterial homologue amenable to analysis in vitro) is a dimer that combines direct CarH‐like B12‐based photoregulation with CarA‐like DNA binding and inhibition by an antirepressor. This study provides new molecular insights into B12‐dependent photoreceptors. It further establishes the B12‐dependent pathway for photoregulated carotenogenesis as broadly prevalent across myxobacteria and its evolution, exclusively in one suborder, into a parallel complex B12‐independent circuit.
The emergence of disease‐preventing bacteria within the plant microbiota
Authors: Cernava Tomislav , Berg Gabriele
Published: January 2022

Microbiome studies have facilitated the discovery of harmful as well as beneficial microorganisms over the last years. Recently, distinct bacteria were found within the microbiota of crop plants that confer disease resistance to their hosts. Although it is well known that the interplay between microbes and plants can result in improved plant health, the phenomenon of holistically disease‐preventing bacteria is new. Here, we put the recent discoveries of disease‐preventing bacteria in context with decade‐long plant microbiome research that has preceded them. In addition, we provide explanations as to why disease resistance in certain plants, mediated by specific bacteria, has only recently been discovered. We argue that such findings were primarily limited by technological constraints and that analogous findings are very likely to be made with other plant species. The general concept may even be extendable to additional groups of organisms. We, therefore, suggest the introduction of the specific term soterobiont in order to facilitate an unambiguous definition of disease‐preventing microorganisms within the microbiota of higher organisms.
Identification of the polymer‐bounded drugs on the fabric surface: A challenge to the forensic drug analysts
Authors: Akhtar Shahnaz , Razaq Abdul , Faras Khalid Sajjad , Ashiq Muhammad Irfan , Tahir Mohammad Ashraf
Published: January 2022

Drug trafficking through concealment has always been a method of choice for drug traffickers all around the world. This case shares a new trend in the smuggling of illicit drugs by applying a coating of drug and polymer mixture on fabric. A white fabric sample was submitted by a law enforcement agency to detect the presence of any explosive material on its surface. Later on it was also tested for illicit drugs. Stereomicroscope and Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X‐ray Detector (SEM/EDX) were applied for microscopic examination. Acetone extract of the sample was analyzed for explosives by explosive detection kit, Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The routine method involving methanol as solvent was used to check heroin presence. Methanol extract of the sample was analyzed by Mecke test and GCMS. Stereomicroscope and SEM/EDX revealed the presence of some unusual coating on one side of fabric. No explosive material was detected; instead GCMS (method 1) confirmed the presence of heroin (mass fragments 268, 310, 327, and 369 m/z) and FTIR spectrum revealed presence of a polymeric material (dyneema). No drug was identified by GCMS (method 2). Method 2 was modified by replacing methanol with acetone and including an additional step of sonication for 30 min. Acetone extract showed green color with Mecke reagent and a strong signal of heroin on GCMS. This modified extraction method acted well to unbind the coated material from the fabric and to disentangle the drug from the polymer.
Impact of Real‐Time Satellite‐Derived Green Vegetation Fraction on National Water Model Fluxes in Humid Alabama Watersheds
Authors: Elmer Nicholas J. , Mecikalski John R. , Molthan Andrew L. , Gochis David J. , Nair Udaysankar
Published: January 2022

Vegetation is parameterized in the operational National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Water Model (NWM) using climatologies of leaf area index and green vegetation fraction (GVF) which do not capture interannual variability or seasonal anomalies. This study investigates the impact of assimilating real‐time Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) GVF on NWM streamflow and land surface energy and moisture fluxes. Using a subset of the NWM over three humid watersheds in Alabama, VIIRS GVF was assimilated into an experimental NWM configuration to replace the default GVF climatology to provide a more accurate representation of the land surface vegetation greenness. Although the use of real‐time VIIRS GVF in place of the climatological GVF slightly improved NWM stream‐flow prediction, results were not statistically significant. GVF assimilation also improved the interannual representation of land surface fluxes with increases in GVF resulting in increased evapotranspiration and latent heat.