bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who Will Govern the World: New Structure of The International System of Covid-19 Vaccine Producing Countries
Authors: Sari Deasy Silvya , Bainus Arry , Yulianti Dina , Aditiany Savitri , Habibullah Ali Zahid
Published: October 2023

In early 2020, the international community was faced with Covid-19. At the global level, the COVAX Facility was established to ensure all countries in the world have equal access to Covid-19 vaccines. However, many vaccine-producing countries have undertaken bilateral ways to distribute vaccines directly. The existence of the Covid-19 vaccine is still determined by vaccine manufacturing companies. This article aims to examine the international structure after the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic based on the postulate that Covid-19 vaccine-producing countries will become world hegemons in a non-polar world structure. The concepts used are health diplomacy and hegemony. The evolving operational components used to determine world hegemon are vaccine types, consumer countries, and vaccine production capacity. The method used is pseudo-qualitative. The article concludes that (i) world hegemony in terms of vaccine types is China, Russia, the United States, and India; (ii) the world hegemons in terms of the number of consumer countries are the United States, the United Kingdom and China, and (iii) the world hegemons in terms of vaccine production capacity are China, the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Finally, the world hegemons that meet these all criteria are China and the United States.
 
Pada awal 2020, komunitas internasional dihadapkan dengan Covid-19. Di tingkat global, Fasilitas COVAX didirikan untuk memastikan semua negara di dunia memiliki akses yang sama terhadap vaksin Covid-19. Namun, banyak negara penghasil vaksin telah melakukan cara bilateral untuk mendistribusikan vaksin secara langsung. Keberadaan vaksin Covid-19 masih ditentukan oleh perusahaan pembuat vaksin. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji struktur internasional pasca merebaknya pandemi Covid-19 berdasarkan postulat bahwa negara-negara penghasil vaksin Covid-19 akan menjadi hegemoni dunia dalam struktur dunia non-polar. Konsep yang digunakan adalah diplomasi kesehatan dan hegemoni. Komponen operasional yang berkembang yang digunakan untuk menentukan hegemon dunia adalah jenis vaksin, negara konsumen, dan kapasitas produksi vaksin. Metode yang digunakan adalah pseudo-kualitatif. Artikel tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa (i) hegemoni dunia dalam hal jenis vaksin adalah Cina, Rusia, Amerika Serikat, dan India; (ii) hegemoni dunia dalam hal jumlah negara konsumen adalah Amerika Serikat, Inggris dan Cina, dan (iii) hegemoni dunia dalam hal kapasitas produksi vaksin adalah Cina, Amerika Serikat, Jerman, dan Inggris. Akhirnya, hegemoni dunia yang memenuhi semua kriteria ini adalah Cina dan Amerika Serikat.
USE OF PEER ASSISTED LEARNING FOR PRE_SERVICE STUDENTS IN CREATING LESSON PLAN
Authors: Martriwati  , Burhayani
Published: October 2023

Peer Assisted Learning is an active discussion and cooperative learning method within the framework of a partnership in the peer-aged group with the formal structures of the course.  PAL is learning that is carried out by fellow students and does not involve professional lecturers in the process. This study aims to explore in depth students' perceptions of PAL in the learning process at the Education Study Program at UHAMKA. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach and the technique of taking participants in this study with maximal variation sampling. The main participants in this study were students from the 2021 totaling 24 people consisting of men and women who were peer tutors and peer tutors. Retrieval of main data through focus group discussions 3 times, while as data triangulation the researcher used in-depth interview techniques with the subject lecturers who held the PAL and observed PAL activities. There are various student perceptions regarding the definition and benefits of PAL, as well as factors that influence PAL, which includes supporting factors such as good communication from peer tutors and the material provided by peer tutors is in accordance with the learning objectives. Factors that hinder the process of implementing PAL include readiness for implementation, readiness for peer tutors, and readiness for peer tutors. In addition, there are also student perceptions regarding expectations for the implementation of PAL, namely the application of PAL in TEFL 3 (Teaching Practice lesson), the use of technology, and evaluation in its implementation. Student perceptions of PAL, namely peer tutors and peer tutors influence each other in their implementation.
STRATEGIES USED BY STUDENTS TO REDUCE ANXIETY IN SPEAKING ENGLISH
Authors: Nuraeni Arin , Aryatie Rara Jingga Bunga , Azizah Nur , Warni Silih
Published: October 2023

Speaking English as a foreign language is a complex process that involves not only speaking skills but also various psychological aspects. Students’ anxiety in speaking English as a foreign language has been a prominent area of concern since many English as a foreign language student have been suffering from this feeling and dealing with various strategies to cope with it. This study aimed to investigate the strategies students used to deal with speaking anxiety. The research was conducted in a junior high school in East Jakarta. A total of 100 respondents were selected based on the criteria, which were students who felt anxious about speaking English. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The instruments applied in this study were interviews and Likert scale questionnaires. The data obtained were then accumulated and narrated. The findings indicate that students do not only use one strategy. The highest strategy used by students was Preparation Strategy (69%). Meanwhile, the least strategy (30%), is the Positive Thinking strategy.
EFL STUDENTS’ METACOGNITIVE LEARNING STRATEGIES IN ESSAY WRITING
Authors: Roslaini  , Dwiyanti Inka
Published: October 2023

This study focused on the metacognitive learning strategies of EFL students related to their activities in writing an essay. This study aimed to know to what extent EFL students used metacognitive learning strategies and how they used them in writing essays. The data were collected using questionnaires and interviews. Fifty students from English Education Department filled in the questionnaire and nine students were taken to participate in the interview. All of the participants had taken Essay Writing from the previous semester. After analysing the questionnaires, the findings indicated that in using metacognitive learning strategies most students used planning (4.08), monitoring (4.06), and evaluating (4.14) in writing their essays. Thus, it can be categorized into good criteria. From the interview, it revealed that most students used planning activities such as doing reading preparation after deciding the topic, generating ideas, and making an outline to organize their ideas. In monitoring, it was found that the students commonly monitored the development of their ideas during writing and checking their writing regarding to the content, organization, and language used during the process of their writing. For evaluating, the students used self-evaluation, peer review, and feedback from the lecturer to evaluate their essays. Finally, the study revealed that the students commonly implemented metacognitive learning strategies in their essay writing.
EXPLORING THE USE OF CHATBOT AS A MEDIA IN MOTIVATING THE STUDENTS TO LEARN SOLAR SYSTEM AND ENGLISH
Authors: Alifandra Dhafa , Wijirahayu Suciana , Nurul Alam Indra , Yuliani Mentari
Published: October 2023

The fact that teachers only rely on books as a learning aid for students is unfortunate, especially for elementary school students. They have high desire to explore and love to play with their imaginations. Therefore, an easy and practical technology is an alternative. Through a chatbot, educational materials comprising images, videos, and texts can motivate students in learning English. This study aimed to create a Chatbot AI Zeno to motivate the students in primary school to learn Solar System and English. The research method used in this study is the Research and Development method (R&D).The chatbot design is by the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method, to create the application fast and iteratively. The research subjects in this study were 30 grade 6 elementary school students at Tanjung Barat 04 Jakarta. Data collection techniques used questionnaires, interviews, documentation, and tests. The questionnaire consisted of questions about students' perceptions of chatbot design, about understanding of the material presented on Zeno the Solar System Patrol Man chatbot, and the students' perceptions about it. The results of the chatbot testing received positive responses from the teachers, and the students. Based on the evaluation, 90% of students reported feeling motivated and assisted in their learning while using the chatbot. Thus, the conclusion is that the Zeno chatbot can motivate and aid the learning process.
Uptitrating mycophenolate mofetil therapy in a patient with lupus cerebritis doesn’t increase risk of infection compared to cyclophosphamide
Authors: Pavar Gautham
Published: October 2023

A clinical decision report using:

Appel GB, Contreras G, Dooley MA, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclophosphamide for induction treatment of lupus nephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;20(5):1103-1112. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2008101028

for a patient with neuropsychiatric lupus.
Development and Effects of Customized Learning Program Using Flipped Learning for Nursing Students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Park So Yeon
Published: October 2023

Objectives The purposes of this study were to validate the effects of customized learning activities using flipped learning on the self-directed learning ability, self-efficacy, and learning attitude of nursing students.
Methods This is a quasi-experimental study, using a single-group pretest-posttest design, to confirm the effects of customized learning activities. The study was conducted for 13 weeks, from February to June 2022, among 141 pediatric nursing students. Based on the ADDIE model, customized learning activities using flipped learning were developed.
Results Self-directed learning (t = 4.89, p <.001), self-efficacy (t = 9.70, p <.001), and learning attitude (t = 2.70, p =.008) improved after education. Significant positive correlations were observed between self-directed learning ability, self-efficacy, academic attitude, and educational satisfaction.
Conclusions Customized learning activities using flipped learning are an effective approach for improving stu-dents’ self-directed learning, self-efficacy, and learning attitude. We believe that the competency of nursing stu-dents can be effectively improved by considering the generation and subject characteristics.
Effects of Mothers'Attitude toward Risk Taking Play on Young Children's Attitude toward Physical Activities: Mediated by Mothers'Behaviors Promoting Their Young Children's Physical Activities
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Hwang Jin , Kim Kyung Sook
Published: October 2023

Objectives This study was conducted to examine the mediating effect of mothers’ behaviors promoting their young children’s physical activities on the effects of their attitude toward risk taking play on the children’s attitude toward physical activity.
Methods For this study, mothers and teachers of 214 four and five-year-old young children enrolled in kinder-gartens located at G city were participated. The mothers evaluated their own behaviors promoting their young children’s physical activities and the attitude toward the children’s risk taking play. Also the teachers evaluated young children’s attitude toward physical activities. The Pearson correlation analysis and Baron and Kenny’s three-step mediated regression analysis on the data collected were conducted by using SPSS WIN 18.0 and then, the Sobel test of them was implemented.
Results First, measured values of the variables showed normal distributions and there were significant correlation relationships among mothers’ attitude toward risk taking play, mothers’ behaviors promoting their young chil-dren’s physical activities, and young children’s attitude toward physical activities. Second, the effect of mothers’ attitude toward their children’s risk taking play on young children’s attitudes toward physical activity was mediated by mothers’ behaviors promoting their young children’s physical activities.
Conclusions The mothers’ behaviors promoting their young children’s physical activities wars a mediating factor in the relationship between their attitude toward risk taking play and young children’s attitudes toward physical activity. The results of this study suggests that it is possible to enhance young children’s attitude toward physical activity through encouraging mothers’ behaviors promoting their young children’s physical activities and their atti-tude toward risk taking play.
Introduction Status and Research of IB program by Gyeonggido Office of Education
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Ho yangsun , Shon minho
Published: October 2023

Objectives This study will examine the status of the IB program imported by Gyeonggido Office of Education and measures to adopt and operate the program.
Methods IB program-related data issued by Gyeonggido Office of Education were collected. In order to under-stand the IB program, the characteristics of the IB curriculum, the teaching-learning system, and the IB perform-ance evaluation were reviewed. The progress and challenges of the IB program in introducing the IB program were studied as well as its implication to explore the introduction and operation initiatives for the IB program.
Results Gyeonggido Office of Education originally links the local curriculum with the school curriculum under the guidelines of the national curriculum. It can also be devised as a method of introducing and operating the IB pro-gram to restructure the school curriculum, to establish IB program-related subjects and to utilize school autono-mous time, to manage a joint curriculum, to earn credit form extra curricular learning.
Conclusions To this end, a long-term and systematic roadmap for the introduction of the IB program is required along with IB school operation costs. Legal and institutional regimes must be prepared for teacher training and supply. In addition, it is necessary to expand opportunities for IB DP graduates to map out their careers.
Understanding the life of a Thai professor teaching Korean language and history and culture as a practitioner
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee HaeYoung , Yinsen Parit
Published: October 2023

Objectives This paper researched to understand in depth the life of Professor Parit Yinsen, who teaches Korean language and Korean history and culture at Songkhlanakarin University in Thailand.
Methods A narrative inquiry method was used to understand Professor Parit Yinsen's life experience. Preliminary interviews, questionnaires, video conferences, and his class textbooks and student evaluations were used as analysis data to find meaningful statements, divide them into three categories, and construct narratives.
Results Professor Parit Yinsen formed a deep connection with Korea through the Korean language he came across by chance during his university days. After studying abroad, he became the first Thai professor to teach Korean and struggled to teach the most Korean content. Going further than teaching Korean as a means of communica-tion, he is practicing to promote the Korean language and history with the hope that students will sincerely under-stand Korea.
Conclusions Professor Parit Yinsen's practical challenges and courage played a big role in establishing Korean cul-ture in Thailand. Based on his deep affection for Korea, he is working day and night to ensure that his interest in the Korean language is not a temporary phenomenon but continues.
The Relationship between Family Health and Middle Age Crisis: The Dual Mediating Effect of Self-differentiation and Meaning of Life
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Choi Gyeonghwa , Yoo Nahyun
Published: October 2023

Objectives This study tried to examine the relationship between family health and a sense of crisis in middle age and to verify the mediating effect of self-differentiation and the meaning of life.
Methods The study selected 255 middle-aged adults aged 45 to 60 living across the country. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 and The PROCESS macro for SPSS 4.0. PROCESS Macro Model 6 was used to ver-ify the dual mediating effect.
Results First, the results of the study showed that there was a statistically significant correlation between each variable in the relationship between family health, a sense of crisis in middle age, self-differentiation, and the meaning of life. Second, the differences in family health, sense of crisis in middle age, self-differentiation, and meaning of life according to gender and age of the study subjects were not statistically significant. Third, the dual mediating effect of self-differentiation and meaning of life was verified in the relationship between family health in middle age and crisis in middle age.
Conclusions These results are expected to expand the understanding of the relationship between middle-aged family health and middle-aged crisis by influencing middle-aged crisis through different channels through self-differentiation and the meaning of life. In addition, it can be used as basic data for follow-up research to clarify the relationship between variables in various fields.
The Effects of Pre-service Teachers' Social Presence on Learning Outcomes in Scaffolding-based Online Collaborative Learning Environments: The Mediating Effects of Learning Engagement
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jeong Ji-eun , Nam Chang-woo
Published: October 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between social presence, learning engagement, and learning outcomes of pre-service teachers’ in scaffolding-based online collaborative learning environments( hereinafter referred to as OCLEs), and to verify the mediating effects of learning engagement in the relationship between social presence and learning outcomes.
Methods For this purpose, this study conducted scaffolding-based online collaborative learning with 68 preservice teachers who took Educational Technology-related courses in a 4-year university A, Busan Metropolitan city. And then, this study surveyed social presence and learning engagement, and evaluated learning outcomes. The collected data was analyzed by conducting the hierarchical regression analysis of Baron and Kenny (1986) and the Sobel Test (1982).
Results The main results of this study were as follows. First, In a scaffolding-based OCLEs, the relationship between the remaining variables showed a positive correlation with each other, except for the correlation between ‘affective connectedness’, ‘sense of community’, ‘emotional engagement’ and ‘learning outcomes’. Second, Pre-service teachers' ‘learning engagement’ was found to completely mediate the relationship between ‘social presence’ and learning outcomes’ in scaffolding-based OCLEs. Third, Pre-service teachers' ‘cognitive engagement’ and ‘behavioral engagement’ were found to completely mediate the relationship between ‘open communication’, ‘mutual support and empathy’ and ‘learning outcomes’ in scaffolding-based OCLEs.
Conclusions It is meaningful in that it provided empirical grounds and basic data for scaffolding-based OCLEs design and class design that can be used in pre-service teachers’ education.
Propagation and shelf-life of weed pathogenic fungi in alternative media and their effectiveness in billygoat (Ageratum conyzoides L)
Authors: Soesanto Loekas , Sastyawan Murti Ragil Wisnu , Manan Abdul , Mugiastuti Endang
Published: October 2023

Control of billygoat (Ageratum conyzoides L) currently uses herbicides, on the other hand, control using pathogenic fungi is environmentally friendly, but for mass propagation and storage, alternative media are needed. The aim of the study was to determine the best type of alternative media for fungal growth and shelf life, as well as its effectiveness against billygoat. The treatment tested involves a combination of two factors: the type of pathogenic fungi (Curvularia lunata or Fusarium oxysporum) and the type of medium (rice washing water or tofu liquid waste). A completely randomized design was used for the in vitro test, while in planta test used a randomized block design with each experimental unit repeated five times. The observed variables were conidia density, number of colonies, incubation period, disease symptoms, disease intensity, and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), as well as weed height, number of leaves, fresh and dry shoot, and root weights. The results showed that the conidia density of F. oxysporum was 57% better in rice washing water than in tofu wastewater. The best shelf life for the fungus was four weeks. The use of rice washing water for F. oxysporum and C. lunata effectively delayed the incubation period by 77 and 71% respectively, suppressed disease intensity by 90 and 88%, and AUDPC by 94 and 93% compared to the control. The F. oxysporum grown on rice washing water media was able to reduce the number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of billygoat by 25, 30, and 20% compared to the control, respectively.
Antibacterial Activities Of Capsicum Frutescens Extracts On Bacteria Isolated From Domestic Food Wastes In Akure
Authors: Isaac Ayodele , Ajibulu Ajibulu , Oluyomi O
Published: October 2023

The aim of this experiment was to determine the antibacterial actions of the extracts of Capsicum frutescens on Forty four (44) bacteria associated with domestic food wastes in Akure metropolis, Ondo State, Nigeria. The bacteria were subjected to antibacterial test using unfiltered extract (UFE) and filtered extract (FE) of Capsicum frutescens prepared by grinding and filtering long pepper fruits in sterile distilled water in a ratio 1:2 (w/v) in mortal, pestle and Whatman paper by Agar Well Diffusion Methods. The aqueous extracts of C. frutescens showed strong appreciable antibacterial activity against the entire test bacteria. The unfiltered extract demonstrated better antibacterial action over the filtered extract. The zones of inhibition exhibited by UFE and FE were 3.33±0.33 mm to 6.00±0.58 mm and 1.33±0.58 mm to 3.33±0.33 mm. Hence, widest and least inhibitions were observed against Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Myroids odoratimimus and Proteus vulgaris.
processo de ensino-aprendizagem sobre o meio ambiente e o reflexo da sociedade atual para as questões ambientais
Authors: Gonçalves Ariadne Barbosa , Corrêa Anderson Martins
Published: October 2023

O presente trabalho aborda a formação de estudantes sobre conceitos básicos de meios ambiente e sustentabilidade. O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar e compreender quais são os saberes que os estudantes já construíram sobre práticas de proteção ambiental, propor ação para que estudantes construam conhecimentos essenciais sobre o meio ambiente e interpretar as informações trabalhadas por eles em atividade teórico-práticas sobre sustentabilidade ambiental. A metodologia desta pesquisa utiliza objetivos explicativos, com uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, utilizando para tanto, procedimentos documentais, bibliográficos e estudo de caso. Foi possível a realização de atividade teórico-prática com os estudantes de uma escola pública dentro dos diversos anos de estudo. O experimento prático propiciou aos alunos construir o conhecimento sobre a importância do meio ambiente residencial com a análise da quantidade de resíduos sólidos de polímeros que é acumula em pouco tempo em suas residências.
Investigating the effectiveness of cross-cultural advertising strategies: a comprehensive analysis
Authors: Chakraborty Utpal
Published: October 2023

In the globalized business landscape, cross-cultural marketing plays a
critical role as companies expand their operations internationally.
Understanding cultural nuances and tailoring advertising strategies have
become paramount for success. This article aims to explore the
effectiveness of cross-cultural advertising strategies and their impact
on consumer behaviors. By conducting an extensive analysis of existing
research, theoretical frameworks, and practical case studies, we delve
into the intricacies of cross-cultural marketing. The primary objective
is to analyze how different advertising approaches in different cultures
affect the buying habits of consumers. By investigating consumer
responses to cross-cultural advertising campaigns compared to
non-cultural-specific approaches, the study aims to uncover the
effectiveness of cultural adaptation in engaging diverse audiences. The
study aims to identify the key elements and techniques that contribute
to successful cross-cultural advertising campaigns. By analyzing a
collection of cross-cultural advertising campaigns from various
industries and cultural contexts, the study aims to pinpoint the
specific elements that influence advertising success in diverse cultural
environments.
Radar HRRP target recognition based on contraction Transformer
Authors: Chen Siyu , Xu Weibo , Huang Xiaohong
Published: October 2023

Radar High Resolution Range Profile (HRRP), which can provide target
structure information with great potential for target recognition.
However, the structural information is not fully exploited by most
existing deep learning methods, which focus only on local or sequence
information. Furthermore, existing methods equalise target and
non-target regions in HRRP. This is not conducive to target feature
extraction. In this letter, we propose a target recognition method using
wavelet patch merging and contraction Transformer, called CT. CT can
adaptively focus on the target region and efficiently extract local and
sequence information. CT used convolution to extract local features and
contraction self-attention to extract sequential features. Wavelet patch
merging was used to avoid oversampling. Finally, the experimental
results show that the CT can effectively extract structural features in
HRRP to improve target recognition performance. It is also robust under
low signal-to-noise conditions.
Experiments On The Acquisition Of Scalar Quantity Implicatures: A Systematic Review
Authors: Porrini Anna Teresa , Surian Luca
Published: October 2023

The present study is a systematic review of experimental data on the
acquisi-tion of scalar implicatures. It aims to provide an overview of
available exper-imental evidence and an assessment of the various
factors affecting children’s performance. This research also provides a
demonstration of how useful sys-tematic reviewing can be as a
methodology to analyse data in the field of ex-perimental linguistics.
Only peer-reviewed, empirical articles published in English were
included using the PRISMA method for systematic reviews, and the data
from 44 references were analysed. The results show that children’s
performance improves as they grow older, but that while above-chance
per-formance is detected already at 3 years of age for ad-hoc scalar
implicatures, lexical scales remain difficult for children at least
until age 5. Importantly, the task used also appears to be a significant
factor in children’s performance: judgment tasks are more difficult for
children than tasks that do not require meta-linguistic skills.
From Canopy to Kernel: A Multi-Sensor Approach to Wheat Drought Tolerance
Authors: Rizi Maliheh Shaltouki , Hoagland Chris , Gosney Michael , Yang Yang , Mohammadi Mohsen
Published: October 2023

Machine vision techniques like RGB imaging are valuable for measuring
plant growth by tracking changes in size and shape over time. By using
non-destructive, continuous monitoring, these techniques are especially
useful for assessing canopy growth under different experimental
conditions like drought. However, canopy monitoring has limitations,
like being unable to observe kernel growth hidden in spikes. To address
these challenges, we did a study on the growth of a recurrent parent
Yecora-rojo (called Yecora) and its 2nd backcrossed progenies under
pre-heading and post-heading water limitation. The goal was to evaluate
RGB imaging’s capability in quantifying their differences in tolerance
to limited watering. The plants were grown in a controlled environment.
RGB sensors captured images three times a week until 20 days after
heading. The side projected area (SPA) was used as an indicator of
growth. We showed the difference in recovery after stress by using the
numerical approximation of the area under the curve for two progenies
that outperformed Yecora under limited watering. Furthermore, the
continuous measurements let us identify specific time points
contributing to these differences. The grains from individual plants
were phenotyped using a laser-based size determination system,
evaluating length, width, and area per kernel. This method provides a
complete picture of the total kernels produced by a single plant and
helps study varietal differences. This study identified two BC2
progenies, Yecora156 and Yecora190, as targets for further field studies
and breeding to develop the next breeding population.
New functional looks into the proteomes using LC/MS and Co-fractionation mass spectrometry
Authors: Lee Youngwoo , Yang Pengcheng , Xie Jun , Szymanski Daniel B.
Published: October 2023

The sensitivity, speed and reproducibility of modern mass spectrometers
enable deep new function looks into the cellular proteome. Because the
dynamics of the protein ensemble link genotype to phenotype, knowledge
on protein complex assembly and localization is important for
marker-assisted breeding for precision plant breeding. Co-Fractionation
Mass Spectrometry (CFMS) enables systems-level analyses of protein
complex dynamics. Our CFMS pipeline accepts soluble and
membrane-associated cell fractions from agriculturally important cell
types and uses orthogonal chromatographic separations, reproducibility
filters, and correlation analyses to predict localization and
composition based on experimental data. We have applied the CFMS method
to analyze protein complex dynamics as a function of dark-induced
metabolic stress. We discovered dozens of interesting protein complex
rearrangements that likely reflect an adaptive response to reduced
energy status. Similar assays have been used to analyze the system of
protein complex rearrangements that are observed in a single gene
knockout or those that occur in dark grown hypocotyls after short term
treatment ethylene. A current project focuses on the protein
multimerization and localization dynamics that occur during the
development of unicellular cotton fibers. This methodology has great
potential in gene discovery and systems-level phenotyping tool. We are
organizing the data from our multi-omics studies so that it is findable
and useful to the community with the goal of accelerating the genetic
engineering of plant traits.
Leaf-level functional trait predictions in maize crops using UAV-based hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Quijano Karoll , Couture John , Mickelbart Michael , Joll Elisabeth , Tuinstra Mitchell , Crawford Melba
Published: October 2023

Plant functional traits capture essential morphological, physiological,
or phenological characteristics of plants that influence growth,
resource allocation, and survival. These traits can be used to identify
plant adaptations to changes in the environment. Functional traits that
are indicators of water status in plants can be used to identify
adaptative mechanisms to overcome drought. Measuring functional traits
using standard approaches is costly, time consuming, and destructive.
Vegetation spectroscopy has been shown to estimate a wide variety of
plant functional traits, but still can involve extensive field work.
Using proximal spectral measurements as a training input for unpiloted
aerial vehicle (UAV) collections can potentially bridge spatial gaps
between point-based reference and proximal measurements and whole-field
UAV measurements. This research proposes a non-destructive approach to
transition from proximal spectroscopy to high resolution UAV imagery to
predict photosynthetic and water relation traits in maize hybrids grown
in two different environments under varying levels of water
availability. Both proximal and UAV collected spectral measurements
covered the visible, near infrared, and shortwave infrared regions.
Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were developed for both
proximal spectra, using reference measurements, and UAV spectra, using
proximal predictions as response variable. Many UAV-based PLSR models,
including chlorophyll concentration, CO assimilation,
osmotic potential, and succulence, performed well with goodness of fit
statistics over 0.60. These preliminary results highlight the
opportunity to advance the capabilities of UAV-based hyperspectral
imaging to rapidly and non-destructively predict leaf-level functional
traits related to drought, improving breeding approaches and genotype
selection.
Capturing the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Heat Stress Response Using a 3D-Reconstrution Approach
Authors: Walia Harkamal
Published: October 2023

Plant response to environmental stresses varies with time and is not
uniformly manifested across the entire plant or specific organs.
However, in most cases the phenotypic responses are measured at a single
time point and lack spatial resolution. In this study, we aimed to
develop and test a non-destructive approach to capture the dynamic plant
stress responses over a time course and with spatial resolution. We used
the rice panicle as the organ with known spatial heterogeneity and heat
stress as the environmental perturbation. We used a series of 2D RGB
images to reconstruction the rice panicle at high resolution. This
analysis was applied to the rice diversity panel and enabled us to
identify multiple loci regulating heat stress response by combining the
3D-reconstruction derived-approach digital traits with genome-wide
association analysis. We further validated this approach with gene edits
to confirm the role of the identified targets genes in heat stress
response. In summary, our results present a high spatiotemporal
resolution approach to identify digitals traits and underlying genetic
variation that is unlikely to have emerged from conventional image-based
phenotyping.
Fluorine substituted hydroxyapatite microspheres: Template-free hydrothermal synthesis and sustained fluoride-releasing properties
Authors: Zhu Qing-Xia , Li Liu , Xu Wan-Ting , Nie Quan-Yi , Xu Yun-Long , Liu Jia-Xin
Published: October 2023

To avoid sudden release of fluoride, F-substituted hydroxyapatite (FHA)
porous microspheres were prepared for the treatment of F-deficiency tissues.
In the absence of any template-directing reagents, FHA microspheres with
diameters of about 30 ?m were successfully fabricated via hydrothermal
method with urea as homogeneous precipitant to regulate the nucleation,
growth and self-assembly process. Urea concentration and hydrothermal
temperature played an important role in the formation and regulation of
spherical hydroxyapatite. The synthesized FHA microspheres with large
specific surface area, large pore volume and complex porous structure were
efficient for the adsorption and long-term stable release of ionic extracts.
Concentration of F- ions in physiological salt solution was maintained in
the range of the therapeutic window without exceeding the toxic threshold
within 30 days. The ionic extracts of FHA porous microspheres promoted the
proliferation of human osteoblast-like cells (MG-63). The fabricated FHA
microspheres may be a potential candidate as bioactive fluoride-release
carriers for the treatment of osteoporosis and bone defects.
Effect of grain growth in bimodal microstructure on cutting performance of self-toughening Dy-α-SiAlON ceramic tool inserts
Authors: Gao Beichen , Abulaiti Weinila , Guan Zheng , Liu Limeng
Published: October 2023

Although significant increase in mechanical properties has been achieved in
?-SiAlON ceramics by introducing self-toughening bimodal microstructure, the
bimodal microstructure may not always result in better cutting performance
of ?-SiAlON tool inserts. Herein Dy-?-SiAlON ceramics were prepared by
hot-pressing at 1900?C under 30MPa. Diameter and aspect ratio of the large
elongated ?-SiAlON grains pivotal to formation of bimodal microstructures
were regulated by using 0-5wt.% Dy2O3 as a sintering additive. Mechanical
properties and cutting performance of ?-SiAlON tool inserts were evaluated.
The results showed good Vickers hardness (19.0-19.7GPa) and fracture
toughness (3.61-4.18MPa?m1/2) increasing with crack propagation length.
However, transverse section of the large elongated grains was revealed as
critical crack to cause premature fracture of the ?-SiAlON ceramics.
Fracture rather than attrition wear was recognized as dominant mechanism for
tool failure, indicating that for better cutting performance of the ?-SiAlON
tool inserts a selftoughening microstructure consisting of thinner grains
with large aspect ratio is required.
Estrategia de vigilancia, detección y control de la COVID-19 en Navarra
Authors: Nuin Mª Ángeles , Martín-Hernández Álvaro , Montañés Garikoitz , Laborda Sagrario , Pérez-Jarauta Mª José , Bardi Eva
Published: October 2023

La Estrategia de detección, vigilancia y control frente a la pandemia ha sido el principal marco dinámico que ha orientado las líneas de acción para el manejo de la situación desde febrero de 2020 hasta la actualidad, adaptándose a la evolución de la pandemia e intentando buscar un equilibrio entre los impactos asistencial, económico y social hasta que las coberturas vacunales, la inmunidad natural infección por y la evolución de las variantes han ido permitiendo un escenario más favorable. Sus principales componentes han sido: la definición y actuación con los casos y contactos es-trechos, la definición de ámbitos vulnerables, la detección de infección aguda mediante pruebas diagnósticas, la definición de brotes, las actuaciones en ámbitos específicos, la vigilancia epidemiológica proactiva a realizar, la evaluación mediante indicadores para la valoración del riesgo y definición del nivel de alerta, así como las medidas proporcionales a adoptar en su caso. Estos componentes se van desarrollando en los diferentes artículos. En concreto, en este artículo se hace hincapié en la vigilancia del SARS CoV-2 en aguas residuales, en las medidas preventivas y en la comunicación a la población de su aplicación, en la contextualización territorial y social de la pandemia mediante los informes de perfil COVID-19 por Zona Básica de Salud (ZBS) y en la prevención y control mediante indicadores para la valoración de riesgo y niveles de alerta de transmisión de COVID-19 y las medidas a adoptar en función del nivel de alerta.
Diagnóstico microbiológico de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 durante la pandemia en Navarra
Authors: Miqueleiz Zapatero  , Miqueleiz Zapatero Ana , Navascués Ortega Ana , Arregui García Irati , Adelantado Lacasa María , Erviti Machain Estibaliz , Razquin Olazaran Iosu , Bayo Sánchez Cristina , Ezpeleta Baquedano Carmen
Published: October 2023

El diagnóstico microbiológico es esencial en el conocimiento y manejo de las enfermedades infecciosas, tanto en los procesos habituales de la práctica clínica como en la aparición de nuevos microorganismos, como en los próximos que puedan aparecer con el cambio climático y la nueva situación de los vectores que transmiten enfermedades en nuestro medio. El 11 de marzo 2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró la alerta por pandemia mundial por SARS-CoV-2 que se descubrió y se aisló por primera vez en Wuhan, China, en un brote de neumonía de etiología desconocida vinculada a un mercado. Es una infección que tiene un origen zoonótico, se transmitió de un huésped animal a uno humano. Actualmente no se conoce de forma clara de dónde proviene el SARS-CoV-2. A principios de enero de 2020, científicos chinos anunciaron que habían aislado y secuenciado completamente el virus y lo publicaron; esto permitió disponer de técnicas de PCR para realizar el diagnóstico de la infección por SARS Cov2 en todo el mundo. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar el papel llevado a cabo desde el Servicio de Microbiología Clínica del Hospital Universitario de Navarra en la pandemia de COVID-19 y, en concreto, en nuestra comunidad, Navarra. Más de dos años después y, sin dejar de lado el profundo impacto sanitario, familiar y social que ha tenido, debemos quedarnos con lo positivo del aprendizaje profesional y personal adquirido para aplicarlo en nuestro día a día, así como para las futuras pandemias que vengan.
Estrategia de vacunación frente a COVID-19 en Navarra: Plan operativo de la Atención Primaria para la vacunación poblacional frente a COVID-19
Authors: Ariztegui Echenique Ana , Arbona Celaya María , Sánchez Burgaleta Blanca , Oronoz Garde Susana , Rubio Gómez Nuria , Iglesias Barea Rosalía
Published: October 2023

La pandemia de COVID-19 ha supuesto enormes costes humanos y económicos en España y a nivel mundial. Disponer a corto plazo de una o varias vacunas eficaces y seguras, que puedan utilizarse en una estrategia poblacional, es fundamental para reducir el impacto de la pandemia y restablecer el normal funcionamiento de nuestra sociedad. La estrategia de vacunación para España tiene como objetivo reducir la morbimortalidad por COVID-19, teniendo en cuenta la limitada disponibilidad inicial de vacunas y la evolución continua del conocimiento sobre aspectos fundamentales de esta enfermedad. En Navarra, la campaña de vacunación frente a COVID-19 comenzó el domingo 27 de diciembre del 2020 en la Residencia El Vergel, a la que siguieron de forma progresiva el resto de centros sociosanitarios públicos y privados hasta alcanzar, entre enero y febrero del 2021, a las 13.000 personas que componen la población de residentes de estos espacios y los profesionales de los mismos, primer grupo marcado como prioritario en el cronograma establecido entre el Ministerio de Sanidad y las comunidades autónomas. La previsión del Departamento de Salud, dentro de una coordinación estatal y en función de la disponibilidad de las vacunas que fueron asignadas y remitidas a la comunidad foral, era alcanzar la población diana que se fue estableciendo en las recomendaciones de las actualizaciones de la Estrategia de Vacunación frente a COVID-19 en España.
La atención hospitalaria de Navarra en respuesta a la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2: El papel del Hospital Universitario de Navarra y su liderazgo en el Plan de Contingencia de hospitales de la red pública y privada de Navarra en relación con la enfermedad por COVID-19
Authors: Petrina Jáuregui Estrella , Ibero Esparza Carlos , Tirapu León Juan Pedro , Martínez Larrea Alfredo , Elejalde Guerra Iñaki , Ariceta Iraola Jon
Published: October 2023

Los modelos de atención se modificaron y adaptaron de forma constante en respuesta al diferente carácter de cada ola (diferente perfil de pacientes, integrar atención no COVID-19, necesidad e impacto posterior de la vacunación, protección del paciente vulnerable e inmunodeprimido...), y también a las incorporación de las herramientas disponibles (mayor disponibilidad de equipos de protección individual, disponibilidad de test diagnósticos y optimización del tiempo de resultado, mayor evidencia en tratamientos, incremento de la posibilidad de proveer soporte respiratorio, gestión de información y predicción de escenarios, posibilidad de integrar la asistencia con otros niveles: atención primaria, hospitales privados, atención sociosanitaria, etc.
Adaptación de la actividad de la Red de Salud Mental de Navarra durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Arrizabalaga Etxegoena Arrizabalaga Etxegoena , Basterra-Gortari Virginia , Ladrón Arana Sergio , Chivite Lasheras Sara , Amóztegui Hermoso de Mendoza Enrique , Goñi-Sarriés Adriana
Published: October 2023

La pandemia de COVID-19 ha supuesto un desafío para los sistemas sanitarios, incluida la atención a la salud mental. Ha sido necesaria la adaptación constante de la práctica asistencial habitual según la situación epidemiológica poblacional. Se recoge la actividad asistencial prestada por la Red de Salud Mental de Navarra durante los años 2019, 2020 y 2021. Se registra una disminución en el número de consultas ambulatorias realizadas durante 2020 y su recuperación en 2021, con un incremento de la demanda en la población femenina. Se han producido variaciones en la ocupación y estancias medias de los recursos de hospitalización, así como una reestructuración funcional y estructural. En el ámbito residencial se produjo el fallecimiento del 9,8% de los usuarios debido al COVID-19. Las tasas de suicidio durante 2020 se mantuvieron similares a 2019, incrementándose un 36% en 2021. La pandemia ha impactado en la continuidad de los planes de tratamiento, en la evolución clínica, psicopatológica y emocional de las personas atendidas. Las repercusiones negativas pueden extenderse a lo largo de los próximos años. Por ello, será fundamental el desarrollo de estrategias sanitarias, sociales y de salud pública dirigidas a la promoción de la salud y la prevención de los problemas de salud mental.
Respuesta a la crisis sanitaria producida por la pandemia de COVID-19 en los centros residenciales sociosanitarios de Navarra
Authors: Arbona Celaya María , Sola Mateos Alberto , Juez-Sarmiento Brito Eva , Sánchez Burgaleta Mª Blanca , Oronoz Garde Susana , Moros Borgoñón Mª Ángeles
Published: October 2023

Como consecuencia de la pandemia de COVID-19 que afectó a nuestra sociedad, y su especial virulencia y gravedad entre la población residencial del ámbito sociosanitario, el Departamento de Salud del Gobierno de Navarra creó una unidad interdepartamental y multidisciplinar para dar respuesta a esta crisis sanitaria. El objetivo general de la misma era garantizar una atención sanitaria de calidad en los centros sociosanitarios, trabajando proactiva y preventivamente en los diferentes escenarios que se fueran generando, asentando las actuaciones profesionales en unas bases sólidas que permitiesen el afrontamiento eficaz, eficiente y en condiciones de equidad de las diferentes necesidades a corto, medio y largo plazo. La Unidad Sociosanitaria, con participación de las tres Áreas (Pamplona, Tudela y Estella), proporcionó apoyo a los centros residenciales de mayores, incluyendo también a congregaciones religiosas, centros de discapacidad física e intelectual y trastorno mental grave, y a todos los profesionales que prestaban servicio en los mismos durante la pandemia, siendo su objetivo final consolidar su labor para alcanzar una adecuada coordinación sociosanitaria, estableciendo unos estándares asistenciales de calidad durante la pandemia. En el presente artículo se detallan todas las actuaciones realizadas desde la Unidad Sociosanitaria desde mayo del 2020, y los datos recogidos en relación a los brotes que hubo entre la segunda y la séptima olas epidémicas. Finalmente, en las conclusiones, se valoran las dificultades encontradas y los aspectos que podrían mejorarse, pensando en el futuro, no solamente en relación a la enfermedad COVID-19, sino también a otras posibles epidemias, brotes o pandemias.