bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lunar Dynamics and Selenodesy: Report of the Eight GEOP Research Conference
Authors: Doyle Frederick J. , Eckhardt Donald H. , Head James W. , Kaula William M. , Mueller Ivan I. , Sjogren W. L.
Published: October 2011

The Eight GEOP (Geodesy/Earth and Ocean Physics) Research Conference, on Lunar Dynamics and Selenodesy, was held October 10 and 11, 1974, at the Ohio State University. The conference, the last in the second year of the series, was attended by 66 persons.

The meeting was opened by William M. Kaula, who also delivered the traditional introductory address, printed in its entirety elsewhere in this issue. The presentations and the discussions are summarized below by panel sessions.
President's page: International support for Chilean geophysicists
Authors: Spilhaus A.F.
Published: October 2011

No. But I'm known to be prejudiced in this area. Decide for yourself.

One dollar buys your library about 46,000 words of JGR. This amount of material costs over $4.00 in Earth and Planetary Science Letters and Geochima et Cosmochimica Acta, two of the more reasonably priced, commercially published journals and about $9.50 in Geophysical Surveys. But, you say, ‘ Wait a minute! What about the page charge of $80? That's 6.5c per word.’ OK; if there were no page charge, your library would still pay less than $2.40 for those 46,000 words.
Remote sensing of environment: International symposium
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Center for Remote Sensing Information and Analysis has announced the Tenth International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, to be held October 6 through 10, 1975, on the campus of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.

The symposium is intended to stimulate an exchange of information concerning numerous aspects of the field through the presentation of reports on work planned, in progress, or completed.
AGU Pacific Northwest Region meets in Seattle
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Pacific Northwest Region of the AGU will meet October 9–10, 1975, at the Lake Wilderness Continuing Education Center of the University of Washington near Seattle, Washington.

Contributed papers are invited on all topics of interest to the AGU; however, papers dealing with the north‐west geographical areas are especially encouraged. Reports on current experimnets and student research projects are also welcome.
New product: Automatic cut‐off saw
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

An automatic cut‐off machine said to have ideal performance characteristics for sectioning geological samples up to 1 inch in diameter is designed and manufactured by the T.C. Jarrett Company. The unit is built around a main frame of 1‐inch aluminum tooling plate with oversize components so that chatter and vibration are eliminated. Accuracy within ±0.0005 is reported on sections as thin as 0.012 inch.
Student fellowship awards in oceanography announced
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Marine Technology Society has announced creation of the Wib Chapman‐Benny Schaefer Awards in tribute to two oceanographers who dominated the national and international ocean fisheries scene from the early 1930's until their deaths in 1970. The awards are made possible by the royalties from sale of Oceanography—The Last Frontier, published by Basic Books in 1973.
A challenge
Authors: Manheim Frank T.
Published: October 2011

To raise the level of interest in Russian translations, it is necessary to markedly increase the percentage of American earth scientists who read the original literature. I propose that AGU consider a major campaign to emphasize and promote a requirement that all students who intend to pursue a research or academic career in earth‐science‐related subjects be required not only to demonstrate a knowledge of written Russian, but to be familiar with pertinent Russian work in their areas of specialization.

It is time at long last to shake academicians out of their pre‐World War II attitudes toward the relative importance of the German and French languages. Russian works in earth science are over 50% of the world total; total English language works are around 30%, French 8%, and German 7%.
New USGS unit for land information and analysis
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Geological Survey has announced establishment of a new unit— the Office of Land Information and Analysis (LIA).

The new office consolidates several multidisciplinary land resources and environmental impact programs and activities. It will integrate an existing staff of over a hundred and a budget of about $15.3 million for the 1975 fiscal year.
Seventh WMO congress summary issued
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Seventh Congress of the World Meteorological Organization ended on May 23, 1975, with a record of decisions that will broaden WMO activities in both meteorology and hydrology, according to a meeting summary issued by the U.S. mission to the congress in Geneva.

Ammendments to the WMO convention will expand its participation in the field of operational hydrology and provide new international focus for this work.
IFYGL Bulletins add bibliography
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A joint Canadian‐U.S. list of publications related to IFYGL is now a regular feature of the IFYGL Bulletin, starting with Bulletin 13. The list includes all official reports published in the United States or Canada, journal articles, and reports published under contract or by government agencies.
IFYGL story in nature
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A one‐page report on the International Field Year for the Great Lakes appears in the British journal Nature, vol. 255, May 8, 1975, p. 100.
Two technical notes published by NOAA
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Technical memorandums on two major IFYGL systems have been published by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in its Environmental Data Service, CEDDA (Center for Experiment Design and Data Analysis) series.
NASA seeks recruits for lunar research program
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The goal of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in continuing to encourage and support research on all aspects of lunar science is to improve scientific understanding of the origin, evolution, structure, and composition of the moon and of its relationships to the earth and the solar system.

NASA's broadly based lunar programs include (1) experimental and theoretical research on lunar materials (samples and Surveyor parts); (2) lunar data analysis and synthesis using published or other generally available data; and (3) supporting research and technology designed to aid in reaching the goals of the other lunar programs, such as theoretical studies, laboratory simulations, meteorite research, and advanced experimental concepts.
Eastern Snow Conference issues call for papers
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The thirty‐third Eastern Snow Conference will be held at the Queensbury Hotel, Glens Falls, New York, February 5 and 6, 1976.

The Eastern Snow Conference is an international organization in eastern Canada and northeastern United States concerned with the origin, precipitation, accumulation, character, melt, and runoff of snow from the viewpoint of meteorology, power generation, conservation, engineering, forestry, hydrology and relatered fields.
Seismology, oceanography, and geodesy share benefits from NOAA's Alaskan survey
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has begun a geodetic survey along a 435‐mile segment of the Alaskan oil pipeline that will enable detection of the results of seismic activity.

The estimated cost of the survey, conducted under a cooperative agreement with the consortium of petroleum firms building the pipeline, is about $170,000.
New product
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Two new goniomicroreflectometer systems consisting of a double goniomicroscope head, adjustable sample stage, scanning monochromator, photomultiplier detector, and digital photometer with an X‐Y recorder are now available from Gamma Scientific, Inc.
Committee to record history of solar‐planetary research
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

At the business meeting of the section on Solar‐Planetary Relationships held on June 19, 1975, as part of the annual AGU meeting in Washington, approval was given to the formation of a Committee on Professional History operating within the section.

This step followed an awareness by many members of the section that at a time of unprecedented research and discovery little is being done to properly record and document this unique era of scientific expansion. The final distillation of scientific work is generally preserved in the professional literature, but the process by which these results are achieved—the development and evolution of ideas, the interaction of the scientific community and of the individuals composing it, the role of unexpected results and lucky guesses and so forth—all these tend to get lost and forgotten: as memories fade, people pass away and records are discarded, not much is left for the historian who tries to reconstruct the creative process and the atmosphere in which it flourished.
Chapman Conferences: Guideline for Conveners
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Chapman Conferences are intended to promote scientific progress in the numerous areas of the physical sciences encompassed by the American Geophysical Union. The conferences are named in memory of Sydney Chapman, 1888–1970, who in his distinguished career made significant discoveries in many disciplines, including earth and atmospheric science; ionospheric, magnetospheric, interplanetary, and solar physics; and more. Chapman approached the ideal in grasping the unity of nature, in yielding to empirical requirements, in applying basic principles freely and successfully across traditional disciplinary lines, and in his piercing analytical ability.
US IHD Bulletin: Hydrological studies in snow and ice
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Global snow and ice cover are significant factors in the seasonal and long‐term water balance equations on worldwide and regional scales. Snow and ice also have a strong influence on climatic conditions, or more properly, they reflect climatic change. Each year, between a fifth and a quarter of the earth's surface is covered by snow, and nearly 80% of the earth's fresh water supply is in temporary storage in the snow and ice masses that cover land surface alone. Seasonal snow cover represents a much smaller portion of the fresh water supply, but locally it is critical. For example, the Colorado River derives 90% of its flow from snowmelt.
William Bowie medal to Edward Bullard
Authors: Knopoff Leon , Bullard Edward
Published: October 2011

Teddy Bullard has played a leading role in the geophysical drama of our lifetime: the story of plate tectonics. After graduating in physics from Cambridge University and continuing at the Cavendish Laboratory under Rutherford, Teddy was appointed a Demonstrator in Geodesy by Lenox‐Conyngham. This resulted in his earliest work, measurements of gravity over the African Rift Valley. Bullard showed that the East African Rift is not a subsidence feature, but instead is a manifestation of the emplacement of dense mantle material close to the surface. Hence Bullard showed that the rift zone was in fact a sundering of the continent. This was significant evidence of convective motions in the earth's interior.
Walter H. Bucher medal to Lynn R. Sykes
Authors: Dewey John F. , Sykes Lynn R.
Published: October 2011

Lynn Sykes was born in Pittsburgh in 1937 and received his B.S. and M.S. degrees at MIT. He was awarded a Ph.D. degree by Columbia University in 1964, where he is now Professor of Geology and head of the Seismology Department at Lamont‐Doherty Geological Observatory. The American Geophysical Union's Walter H. Bucher Medal is awarded ‘for original contributions to the basic knowledge of the earth's crust.’ Lynn Sykes' contributions in this area are fundamental and wide‐ranging. It was his work during the mid‐1960's on earthquake focal mechanisms that showed that Tuzo Wilson's transform hypothesis for the strike‐slip faults that offset the axial valleys of oceanic ridges was supported by the instantaneous slip sense along these faults.
[Comment on “Soil erosion—sediment yield research in progress”] Role of mulch in preventing erosion
Authors: Posey C. J.
Published: October 2011

Several of the researchers whose work is reported by H.G. Heinemann and R.F. Piest (‘Soil Erosion—Sediment Yield Research in Progress’ EOS, 56(3), 149—159, 1975) agree that mulch helps stop erosion. Although the comparative values quoted are encouraging, it should be pointed out that still better results are obtainable. Study of the mechanism that initiates sediment movement not only explains why mulch is beneficial but also shows how it is possible to achieve greatly improved protection. Whether this can be done economically depends upon the local availability of suitable material.
Research proposals solicited
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Geological Survey requests proposals for research grants and contracts under the third year of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. The general areas of interest are evaluation and mapping of geologic hazards associated with earthquakes; earthquake prediction research and implementation; physics of crustal deformation and failure; and ground motion prediction and related studies.

Written inquiries concerning this program and requests for Proposal Information Package RFP 217 W should be addressed to Contracting Officer, U.S. Geological Survey, Building 1, Room 201, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, California 94025.
Workshop on centrifugal testing
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A workshop on various aspects of centrifugal methods of testing soil, rock, and other models will be held under the sponsorship of the National Science Foundation at California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, on December 16 and 17, 1975.

Centrifugal soil and rock testing has been widely used to study geotechnical problems in Europe and the USSR but has found little use in the United States. The workshop is intended to inform participants about the method and the results which have been obtained in various studies. Sessions will be devoted to centrifuge construction, instrumentation, and test performance and analysis of various materials and configuration. Guest speakers will discuss their work.
JILA Fellowships and Associateships
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics (JILA) is accepting applications for Visiting Fellowships and Postdoctoral Research Associateships for 1976–1977. Requests for application materials should be made to David Norcross, Secretary, Visiting Scientists Program , JILA, Boulder , Colorado 80302.

Applications for Visiting Fellowships must be received before January 16, 1976, the awards to be announced February 16, and Research Associateship applications should be submitted by mid‐February, appointments to be announced in the spring.
Another viewpoint
Authors: Morrison Foster
Published: October 2011

The proposals by Frank T. Manheim in the September 1975 EOS to increase by a significant amount the number of earth scientists who can read Russian are not very realistic. There is much of great value published in the Russian language. For example, Russian texts on modern mathematics are often well written and contain good levels of exposition and motivation as well as rigor, whereas Western mathematicians value unintelligibility very highly. In geodesy, M. S. Molodenski and L. P. Pellinen are among the very best in the field. The bulk of the Soviet geodetic literature is of very low caliber, however. All that the large amount of Russian language geodetic publication proves is that printing is cheap in the USSR. The typography is sloppy, and the paper is newsprint. The editing and writing of the papers are usually poor, and the content is often trivial or irrelevant.
President' page: New institutional arrangements for science in the universities
Authors: Press Frank
Published: October 2011

The structure of basic scientific research in the United States differs from that in other countries in that the universities have traditionally played a major role. The strength of science in this country is therefore directly related to the health of the universities. Currently, both public and private universities are in difficult positions because of demographic changes, fiscal constraints and inflation, the weakened position of foundations, and the drop‐off of large private gifts. The inflexibility of tenure, coupled with the inability to bring in young people because of the reduced number of openings, may degrade the research performance of some of the most famous and productive departments in the country.
Workshop on cracks in rocks
Authors: Hoenig Alan
Published: October 2011

An informal workshop on the effect of cracks and voids in rocks on various elastic and transport properties was held at the Center for Earth and Planetary Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, all day Thursday, January 30, 1975. The workshop developed from a conversation between Ted Madden and T. J. Shankland and was organized by Shankland together with R. J. O'Connell.

Motivation for the workshop lay in observations, both theoretical and experimental, that the shape and volume of cracks in rocks exert a strong influence on the effective elastic wave velocities, on electrical and thermal conductivities, and on the fluid transport of rocks. These observations are in turn of interest because of their application to earthquake prediction, to the location of crustal fluids, and to the circulation of fluids near and in geothermal reservoirs. At the meeting, however, attention was focused on the rocks themselves rather than on these applications, and thus talks were concerned with the modeling of physical properties of rocks in terms of the theory of composites, with the direct observation of cracks and voids, and with the estimation of the distributions of certain crack properties.
Center for field research
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Members of AGU who are looking for volunteer manpower and financial support for their field research activities might apply to the Center for Field Research for aid. This non‐profit organization fosters private sponsorship for field research in the natural and social sciences (including geology, meteorology, and marine sciences) that involves field work.

The center attempts to arrange financial support for researchers who can effectively use nonprofessional assistants in the field. Selection is based on the merit and expected significance of the proposed research. Other criteria include the principal investigator's publication history, teaching experience, and contributions to his specialized discipline; a feasible budget; and the soundness of plans for instructing amateur assistants in research procedures and making use of their skills in field activities.
Summer courses at the State University of New York
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The State University of New York at Albany is offering two short courses, X‐ray spectrometry June 7–18, 1976, and X‐ray powder diffraction June 21 to July 2, 1976.

The modern X‐ray spectrometry course will cover basic principles and techniques and will demonstrate wavelength dispersive and energy dispersive methods. In the second course, X‐ray powder diffraction, principles and practice of instrumentation, specimen preparation, identification of powder patterns, and practical consideration on the use of computer retrieval and computer‐assisted identification will be covered in depth. For both courses, time is divided equally between lectures and problem‐solving sessions.
Symposium on finite elements in water resources
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A conference on Finite Elements in Water Resources will be held July 12–16, 1976, at Princeton University. Although much work has been done in this field in the past by independent research groups, this will be the first scientific meeting to focus on the topic.

Papers are invited in subsurface flow simulation (seepage, transport problems, well hydraulics, multiphase flow, aquifer simulation, and geothermal reservoir analysis), surface flow simulation (estuary and lake modeling, ocean dynamics, and river and channel flow), hydrodynamics, atmospheric simulation, and basic finite element techniques. Additional shorter papers will be given. The organizing committee, C. A. Brebbia (Southampton University, United Kingdom), J. J. Connor (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), and W. G. Gray and G. F. Pinder (Princeton University), are accepting 500‐word abstracts from prospective authors until January 15, 1976. For further information write Water Resources Program, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540.
Symposium on Antarctic geology and geophysics
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Academy of Sciences will host the Third Symposium on Antarctic Geology and Geophysics on August 22–27, 1977, at the University of Wisconsin at Madison. This symposium, sponsored by the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), the International Union of Geological Sciences, and the Inter‐Union Commission of Geodynamics and organized by the National Research Council through its Polar Research Board, U.S. National Committee for SCAR, will cover a broad range of recent work in Antarctic geology and geophysics. Included among the subjects to be discussed are charnockites and enderbites, Phanerozoic orogens and tectonics, Paleozoic and Mesozoic paleogeography, paleontology, Cenozoic history, volcanism, radiometric dating, the Scotia arc, and reconstructions of Gondwanaland.

If symposium participants express sufficient interest, several field trips will be offered, such as a five‐day trip preceding the symposium to study the Precambrian and Quaternary geology of the Lake Superior region in Wisconsin and Michigan, a one‐day trip following the symposium to study the classical Precambrian and Paleozoic geology of the Baraboo Range, and short trips to nearby points of interest for spouses during the symposium week.
Conference on Hydrometeorology
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The American Meteorological Society will sponsor a conference on hydrometeorology April 20–22, 1976, in Ft. Worth, Texas, with AGU as the cosponsor. The theme of the conference will stress work in hydrometeorological relationships, specific areas of concern being severe local storms, hurricanes, remote sensing of meteorological parameters and network design for convective precipitation, and meteorological forecasting, all in relation to hydrology.

At least one session is planned for addressing general topics in hydrometeorology, and a special feature of the conference will be the Robert E. Horton Lecture in Hydrology.
Chlorofluorocarbon aerosol bill
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The New York State Legislature has passed a fluorocarbon aerosol bill (assembly bill 21037) that amended the environmental conservation law to restrict the distribution and sale of articles containing certain chlorofluorocarbon compounds allegedly hazardous to human health and the environment, principally through depletion of ozone in the stratosphere. New York and Oregon are the only two states to have passed such bills.

The amendment requires that aerosol spray cans containing any chlorofluorocarbon compound sold in New York state be labeled by January 1, 1976, and that regulations limiting or prohibiting their sale be implemented by January 1, 1978.
Nominations for officers 1976–1978
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The council of AGU has received and considered the report of the nominating committee comprised of R. Allan Freeze, Michael B. McElroy, and C. Barry Raleigh, chairman, and has considered the nominations proposed by the nominating committees of the various sections. The following slate of nominees has been approved by the council:
Active experiments in space plasma
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A symposium on Active Experiments in Space Plasmas, cosponsored by COSPAR, URSI, and IAGA, will be held June 3–5, 1976, in Boulder, Colorado.

The topics to be discussed will range from the results of controlled active experiments in the ionosphere and magnetosphere to detailed considerations of the plasma physics problems which may be studied in the future with active experiments. Apart from the presentation of several invited review papers, contributed papers will be presented. Papers on definitive experiments that may be conducted in space plasmas and which cannot be performed in terrestrial laboratories will be particularly welcomed by the program committee.
Pacific Northwest regional meeting
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The twenty‐second Pacific Northwest Regional Meeting of AGU was held at the Lake Wilderness Continuing Education Center of the University of Washington on October 9–10, 1975. Besides several contributed sessions, there were two special sessions on subjects of timely interest. The meeting stirred significant interest to attract over 150 registrants, the largest turnout for this region's annual meeting.

Of particular interest was a special session on the ‘Impact of Oil on Puget Sound,’ which succeeded in informing the attendees about other than geophysical aspects of a complex problem. The probable increase in tanker traffic on Puget Sound will have major impact on the region. A panel made up of individuals from several organizations concerned with this problem represented a broad spectrum of views. The panel members were Dave Jamison (Washington State Department of Ecology), Robert Stakes (Marine Sciences Institute, University of Washington), Glen Ledbetter (Oceanographic Commission of Washington), and Eugene Collias (Department of Oceanography, University of Washington). Their expertise covered the impact of oil on the biological and hydrological systems of Puget Sound as well as the effects on the economic, social, and political institutions of the Puget Sound region.
Standard Earth model committee invitation
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Standard Earth Model Committee (SEMC) was entrusted with the choice of a Reference Earth Model, not as an optimum but purely for reference. The model was intended to be useful as background against which proposed modifications could be compared and anomalous regions within the earth described.

The committee recognizes the difficulty of the task. Such a choice of model demands compromises and sacrifices of fidelity to the complex detail of the real earth. But the committee accepts the need for a single reference model for common use and therefore issues the following invitation.
Postdoctoral research associateships at Goddard Space Flight Center
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Research opportunities in physics, astronomy, and earth and planetary sciences at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center are being offered through a postdoctoral research associateship program conducted for NASA by the National Research Council. Awards will be made in research areas carried out by the laboratories for planetary atmospheres (including aeronomy and electrodynamic processes in the ionosphere and magnetosphere), extraterrestrial physics (including space plasma physics, planetary magnetic fields, and radio astronomy), and solar physics; the theoretical studies group; and the branches of geophysics (including geomagnetic field studies, seismology, and plate tectonics), geodynamics (including geodesy), earth resources, meteorology, upper atmosphere, and hydrology and oceanography. Each applicant is responsible for formulating a specific research plan on a problem of his choice related to the current research interests of the group in which he wishes to carry out his research.
President's page: Membership committee reports to members
Authors: Malone Thomas F. , Shapley Alan
Published: October 2011

What do two youngsters in Canton, South Dakota, experimenting with wireless telegraphy in the early part of this century, the holder of our government's highest civilian award, the Presidential Medal of Merit, and an Honorary Commander in the Order of the British Empire have in common? What do a beautifully succinct and modest account of some exciting experimental results reported in the widely read and respected Nature (116, 357, 1925) and a paragraph or two in a New Yorker profile 50 years later have in common? These are all linked to one of the great geophysicists of this century, the winner of the distinguished William Bowie medal, the highest AGU award.
National Science Foundation 1977 budget
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The proposed National Science Foundation (NSF) budget for fiscal year 1977 is $812 million. The $80.4 million increase in overall budget authority, 11% above the program level for fiscal year 1976, is aimed primarily at strengthening federal support of basic research in all major fields of science.
Study of nuclear power and alternative energy systems
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Research Council (NRC) has created the Committee on Nuclear Power and Alternative Energy systems to analyze and evaluate the role of nuclear power within the context of alternative energy systems in the United States. This study, which was requested by the Energy Research and Development Agency (ERDA), will be carried out within the Assembly of Engineering of the NRC. Heading the committee as co‐chairmen will be Harvey Brooks, Peirce professor of technology and public policy at Harvard University, and Edward L. Ginzton, chairman of the board of Varian Associates, Palo Alto, California.

The committee, which will concern itself with a 35‐year time span, will look at the consequences of various strategies for developing alternative energy sources in the face of declining oil and gas supplies and rising demands for energy. The study will deal with all aspects of nuclear power systems and fuel cycles, including safety, economics, reliability, and environmental acceptability as well as identify the research and development steps needed to permit timely energy policy decisions to be made.
Nansen drift station
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The U.S. National Academy of Sciences‐National Research Council Polar Research Board invites comment from U.S. and foreign scientists on scientific opportunities, including opportunities for international participation and cooperation, that may be opened by using an old icebreaker as a drifting research platform along the Arctic Ocean path of pioneer oceanographer Fridtjof Nansen's ship Fram.

Nansen, a Norwegian, deliberately put the Fram into the Arctic ice in the northern Laptev Sea in 1893 in order to drift with the ice and study winds and currents. In 1896, after drifting more than 2000 km across the Arctic the Fram broke out of the ice between Spitsbergen and Greenland. The Nansen expedition was epic in courage and scientific productivity, and there have been suggestions in recent years to follow the Nansen drift path with a modern platform. The U.S. National Academy of Sciences Committee on Polar Research, now the Polar Research Board, recommended in 1963 that support be given to a plan to freeze a ship into the Arctic pack ice.
Marine resource management
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Oregon State University (OSU) has initiated a program of specific training helpful to persons interested in marine resource management.

The issue of proper marine resource management first received public attention in Oregon when the ‘beach bill’ was passed in 1967. Later in 1971 the Oregon legislature passed a law which established the Oregon Coastal Conservation and Development Commission, an agency responsible for preparing a coastal zone management program for Oregon. National and international interest in marine resources has increased as a result of the Coastal Zone Management Act, which was passed in 1972, and the Law of the Sea conferences in 1974–1975.
National research centers
Authors: Sun James M. S.
Published: October 2011

AGU President Frank Press emphasized the current financial difficulties of the universities and the adverse effect on basic scientific research in the United States (EOS, January 1976). He suggested the establishment of national research centers in some 20 university science departments to maintain scientific strength of the universities. It seems that he suggested a sort of oligopoly supported with public funds. Because of the energy crisis, armament race, war, recession, etc., financial difficulties reverberate not only in universities but everywhere. To let some 20 universities have more public funds would do some good.
President's page: Journals
Authors: Maxwell A. E. , Cox Allan
Published: October 2011

Last year the Membership Committee was reconstituted to act as sort of an ombudsman for AGU members. The council gave the Membership Committee the responsibility of ensuring that the membership was being served as fully as possible. To give the committee continuity and to emphasize the importance attached by the council to these new responsibilities, the president‐elect of the Union was made chairman. This arrangement is designed to give the members of the Union, acting through the Membership Committee, full and direct access to the highest decision‐making body of AGU.
Disposal of radioactive waste
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A comprehensive study to determine whether sediments in deep ocean basins would be suitable sites for disposal of high‐level radioactive waste from nuclear power plants is being conducted by Sandia Laboratories for the Energy Research and Development Administration.

Deep ocean waste disposal differs markedly from land disposal schemes in that water, which must be avoided in land disposal sites, is considered an inherent part of the barrier system. Indications are that burial of the waste in the sediment up to 20,000 ft (6080 m) below the surface of the water would prevent the long‐lived transuranic elements from migrating to new sites where they could reconcentrate, threatening life and human activity.
Awards presented at the Spring Annual Meeting: First Presentation Maurice Ewing Medal to Walter H. Munk for Outstanding Leadership in Global Geophysics and Oceanography and Inspired Contributions to Studies of the Rotation of the Earth, Tides, Internal Waves, and Ocean Dynamics
Authors: MacDonald G. J. F. , Wunsch C. , Munk Walter H.
Published: October 2011

The first recipient of the Maurice Ewing Medal is Walter H. Munk, in recognition of his major contributions to geophysics and oceanography for over 35 years

Walter H. Munk uniquely deserves this award because he has explored nearly all of geophysics while he has maintained a central interest in the oceans. By being both a generalist and a specialist, Walter Munk has done more to bring together the fluid aspects of the geophysical sciences with those of the solid earth than any man of his generation.
Spring Annual Meeting 1976
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The 1976 Spring Annual Meeting was held at the Sheraton‐Park Hotel in Washington, D.C , April 12–16; approximately 1025 papers were presented during the 4‐day meeting. Total registration was 1906, of which 1357 were members, 284 were students, and 265 were nonmembers. An unprecedented 118 scientists joined AGU during the meeting.

The meeting program, including abstracts of the papers presented, was published in the April 1976 E0S, pages 224–361. The present report includes program changes and postdeadline and revised abstracts.
Global warming trend?
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Paul E. Damon, professor of Geosciences at the University of Arizona, and Steven M. Kunen, senior environmental chemist at the University of Utah Research Institute, reported in their paper on recent climatic changes in the southern hemisphere (presented at the Dry Valley Drilling Project Meeting held January 13–15, 1976, at Victoria University in Wellington, New Zealand) that a warming trend in the southern hemisphere may be more than offsetting the observed cooling in the high northern latitudes. Their position is based on their analysis of data gathered at 67 southern hemisphere stations, including 6 in Antarctica. Except for regional fluctuations, there was no significant change in temperature from the equator to 45°S. However, there was a warming trend in Australia and New Zealand, and there was a strong suggestion of a marked warming trend at higher southern latitudes that may exceed the cooling trend in the high northern latitudes in magnitude.
USRA moves
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Universities Space Research Association (USRAJ has moved its headquarters from Charlottesville, Virginia, to Houston, Texas. This move follows the appointment of Alexander J. Dessler as the new President of USRA. The new executive director of USRA is David Cummings.

USRA is an international consortium of nearly 50 universities. It was formed in 1969 to facilitate interactions among the academic community, industry, and the federal government in cooperative research efforts in the areas associated with space sciences and technology. Under contracts from NASA, USRA operates the Lunar Science Institute in Houston and the Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering at the NASA Langley Research Center. USRA also provides technical support and assistance to the Marshall Space Flight Center for its Space Processing Program and the Atmospheric Cloud Physics Laboratory. Recently, the longduration exposure facilityl university space experiments (LDEF/USE) were added. USRA will assist in the development of university‐generated experiments to be flown on LDEF. The program office for this project will be located in Charlottesville, Virginia.
Seismic data available
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Geophysical and Solar‐Terrestrial Data Center has recently acquired additional multichannel common depth point (CDP) seismic reflection data. Survey lines as shown in the accompanying figure are now available.

These data are being collected from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Alaskan coastal areas as part of a program by the U.S. Geological Survey to gain a better understanding of the general geologic framework of the continental shelf, slope, and rise and its relationship to onshore geology and to help assess the petroleum potential of the continental margin.
Making a national magnetic anomaly map
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The urgent U.S. need to find new sources for minerals and energy and its need to know more about the planet on which we live could be greatly assisted by preparation of a national magnetic anomaly map (NMAM), a map which will provide an accurate representation of the earth's anomalous magnetic field. It is startling to note that the United States is one of the few developed countries which has not commissioned a detailed airborne magnetic survey of the whole country and a national magnetic anomaly map.
AGU Front Range Branch
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Front Range Branch of the American Geophysical Union held a meeting April 29, 1976, in Boulder, Colorado. Approximately 55 persons were in attendance.
First Miami Conference on Isotope Climatology and Paleoclimatology
Authors: Emiliani Cesare , Libby Willard F.
Published: October 2011

Oxygen isotope analysis of deep‐sea cores of Globigerina ooze facies has revolutionized the classical picture of four great Quaternary glaciations, separated by long interglacials. It now appears that eight major glaciations occurred during the Brunhes magnetic epoch; that many more occurred before, at least as far back as 3 m.y. ago; and that climate similar to that of today existed for only 5% of Quaternary time. The total number of late Cenozoic glaciations may have been more than thirty, spaced at about 90,000‐year intervals. Oxygen isotope analysis of oceanic drill cores has shown that global temperature dropped abruptly 38 m.y. ago and again 16 m.y. ago, the latter drop being related to intensified glaciation in Antarctica, and the analysis of piston cores from the Gulf of Mexico and from off the Niger delta has provided apparent evidence for major surges of the Laurentide and Antarctic ice caps. The more recent climatic record is being studied in detail by means of isotopic analysis of dated tree rings and of Greenland and Antarctic ice cores. Global causes for the onset of the late Cenozoic glaciation may include volcanism, as suggested by the spectacular increase of volcanic dust in Quaternary oceanic sediments, and solar instability, as suggested by the current ‘neutrino crisis.’ These and other topics were discussed by 84 scientists from ten countries during the First Miami Conference on Isotope Climatology and Paleoclimatology.
President's page: Chapman conference
Authors: Maxwell A. E.
Published: October 2011

Many Union members are unaware that each incoming president must select a new set of committee members to assist in carrying out AGU's varied functions. Contrary to some impressions, committee membership is not continuing but coincides with the tenure of the president. Every two years there is the opportunity to bring new leadership into Union activities. Consequently, last April as presidentelect I solicited input from members who desired to participate more actively in Union affairs through serving on its committees.

In selecting individuals for committee service an effort has been made to balance the committees from several standpoints. Obviously there is a need to retain some who have had experience in Union affairs as well as to bring in new people with new ideas. Both geographical location and disciplinary interests have been considered on most committees. Special attention has been given to the involvement of younger people, women, and minorities. Above all there has been an overriding priority to ensure that the committees are effective and willing to serve.
Tsunami warning system
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Through extensive communications networks a warning system detects powerful high‐speed tsunami waves and alerts Pacific countries to possible impending disasters.

The network was established in 1948 by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey and has been operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration since 1973. A dozen Pacific nations participate in the system's network of 31 seismological stations to detect earthquakes and 50 tide stations to monitor ocean activity for tsunami generation. The stations are scattered from Alaska to the tip of South America and west to Hong Kong, with stations on numerous islands in between.
GOES countdown
Authors: Wrenn Gordon L.
Published: October 2011

The International Magnetospheric Study (IMS) has commenced, and the regular newsletters issuing from the Temporary IMS Control Information Exchange Office in Boulder suggest that many programs are well under way. It was hoped that the ESA geostationary spacecraft Geos would provide reference data throughout the study, but slips in the preparation schedule have inevitably led to launch postponement. The extension of IMS to the end of 1979 ensures that Geos still has an important role to play, and the availability of complementary data from the three Isee spacecraft should permit a powerful assault on outstanding magnetospheric problems. For many workers the first 18 months of IMS will merely permit rehearsal of numerous coordination tasks. However, these are vital to the success of the project, so it could be a blessing in disguise.
Water pollution control
Authors: Berger Bernard B. , Dworsky Leonard B.
Published: October 2011

The ‘Act of 76’ arose out of an inquiry about ‘…how far the present use of rivers or running waters…for the purpose of carrying off the sewage of towns…and the refuse from industrial processes and manufacturers…can be prevented without risk to the public health or serious injury to such processes…and how far such sewage and refuse can be utilized and got rid of otherwise than by discharge into rivers…or rendered harmless before reaching them;…the effect on the drainage of lands and inhabited places of obstructions to the natural flow of rivers or streams caused by mills, weirs, locks, and other navigation works, and into the best means of remedying any evils thence arising.’ With this charge, Victoria, Queen of England, on April 6, 1868, initiated the Royal Commission that brought into being the Rivers Pollution Prevention Act of 1876 [Rivers Pollution Commission, 1870].
Guide to field research funds
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Center for Field Research is a private nonprofit organization that arranges financial support for research investigators whose projects can constructively use nonspecialists in the fields. While the center does not supply funds, it reviews and evaluates research proposals in a wide range of disciplines and assigns those accepted to other institutions that sponsor the research. The funds are raised from carefully selected nonspecialists who collectively finance the projects in return for the opportunity to work as assistants to research scholars in the field.

The center considers proposals for field research in any recognized academic discipline and invites scholars of all nationalities to apply. Postdoctoral research is favored, and preference is given to projects whose staffs include graduate students of the discipline. The sizes of grants are limited by the number of nonspecialists participating, since they are the source of funds. Depending on time and costs in the field, the per capita contribution of participating nonspecialists ranges from $200–$600, exclusive of transportation costs.
Research proposals solicited by USGS
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Geological Survey requests proposals for research grants and contracts under the continuing Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. Proposals to initiate or continue research projects concerned with the Palmdale (California) uplift will be considered as part of this program. The general areas of interest are (1) delineation and evaluation of hazards associated with earthquakes, including but not restricted to preparation of geologic and land use maps, prediction of ground motion, and studies of seismicity induced by reservoirs and (2) earthquake prediction research and implementation, including but not restricted to studies of precursors, data processing, and investigations of the physical basis of earthquakes including deformation and failure of crustal rocks.
Call for award nominations
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Nominations are invited for the 1977 AAAS‐Rosenstiel Award in Oceanographic Science. Consisting of $5000 and a certificate, this annual award is funded by the Rosenstiel Foundation through the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences of the University of Miami. Its purpose is to honor outstanding achievement and distinction in oceanographic science, including relevant aspects of ocean engineering in which significant new principles are concerned and aspects of atmospheric science with important implications for understanding of oceanic processes.

Because of the multidisciplinary nature of oceanographic science the award recognizes achievement in three broad areas on a rotating basis. The award will emphasize physics and chemistry of the water column and atmosphere in 1977, geology, physics, and chemistry of the seabed in 1978, and biology and living resources in 1979. The 1977 award will be presented at the AAAS Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C., February 12–18, 1978. The recipient will also be invited to spend a week at the Rosenstiel School for lectures and discussions with faculty and students.