bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scientific Research and Human Resources Potential of Russia’s Innovative Environment
Authors: Novikov Sergey V.
Published: May 2020

Personnel shortage in developed economic systems of the countries, especially in the field of intellectual activity, is getting worse because of the adverse demographical situation. Considering the mentioned above, this article shows the author’s way of dealing with the problem of qualified personnel shortage in the field of Russian science. The author of the article gives a list of suggestions that can help to create favourable conditions for career growth of the scientific and educational personnel and the system of work motivation, to increase the flow of new personnel in science, education and high technology field and to secure it in innovation and scientific field.
Application of the open operating system ‘MindSphere’ in digital transformation of high-tech enterprises
Authors: Novikov Sergey V. , Sazonov Andrey A.
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the open operating system (OS) application MindSphere in digital transformation of high-tech enterprises. The theoretical part of the article notes that nowadays digital transformation already has a huge impact on various aspects of business, such as strategy, partner management, production, pricing, sales, promotion, and organizational structure. The main task of the MindSphere platform is to provide fast and cost-effective connection of the equipment fleet, data collection, and analysis in order to obtain significant production and business results. The MindSphere platform integrates all data sources: Product Lifecycle Management (PLM), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES), Quality Management Systems (QMS), Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Internet of Things (IOT) into one analysis center. In the course of the analysis, the authors found that the MindSphere OS allows for the effective unification, search, filtering and evaluation of data taking into account the context, which gives a significant synergetic effect and provides a basis for intelligent decision-making, and therefore significantly reduces the cost and time to find sources of problems, allowing to focus on optimizing products, production and service, considering the creation of value and increase customer satisfaction. The authors point out that the implementation of IOT solutions opens up a new dimension for business owners in the view of their company based on data, and for the company itself provides previously inaccessible speed of operation, transparency of processes and their optimization, also raises the safety of work and other aspects of activity to a new level. In the final part of the article the authors conclude that MindSphere platform has all necessary qualities to be among the leaders of the Industrial IOT (IIOT), to provide customers with the opportunity to qualitatively transform IOT data into useful business results.
The program of support of small enterprises: data for Russia
Authors: Pinkovetskaia Iuliia S.
Published: May 2020

The aim of research was to study the features of support for small enterprises specialized in various types of economic activity in Russia. The specific weights of the number of recipients of support in the total number of small enterprises in 14 sectors, as well as the structure of support in five main forms are determined. Official empirical data for 2015 were used as initial data. It is shown that support is provided to 2% of all small enterprises. At the same time, the main direction is financial support, and the highest level of support is noted in agriculture.
Orphans’ Motivation for Higher Education
Authors: Akbari Omidullah , Sahibzada Javed
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to find the level of orphans’ motivation for higher education and factors contributing their motivation for higher education. Since Kandahar is one of the historically and strategically important provinces of Afghanistan in which four-decade war have adversely affected different aspects of lives of its population. Orphan and education seem two contradictory terms in a country like Afghanistan with four-decade war history. The study is descriptive in nature where a quantitative questionnaire was designed to collect data from randomly selected 112 students studying in 10th, 11th and 12th of Shaikh Zaid orphanage and from 15 graduates through snowball sampling method. The findings revealed that orphans are motivated for higher education transportation, financial problem, daydreaming, distraction during study are the major challenges that prevent orphans from getting higher education. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3382821
Voter Education on Radio as Determinant of Voting Pattern of Indigenous Elderly Women in Akoko Land, Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ayimoro Oluwatoyin Dorcas
Published: May 2020

Indigenous Nigerian society respect and believe so much in her elderly. Males and female elderly are transmitters of traditional norms and values in a sustainable manner in each community. As such, they are the sage and kingmakers appointing, decision makers through careful and flawless selection from character check overtime, delving into family history and divination of the traditional oracle. After coronation, such leaders are never corrupt; they live up to expectation by promoting the wellbeing of the masses. However, this practice has been eroded by colonization and westernization for a democratic way of appointing leaders through voting; as such countries design voter education for her citizenry. This study thus examined voter education as a determinant of voting pattern of indigenous elderly women in Akoko land through these research questions: (i) what is the demographic characteristics of the elderly women in the study area? (ii) What kind of voter education programmes is available on the selected radio stations? (iii) What is the level of participation of the women on the programme on radio? (iv) To what extent has the women benefited from their participation in voter education programme on radio? (v) How has the voter education received influenced the voting pattern of the women? The study adopted the descriptive survey research through multi stage sampling technique by purposively selecting sixty indigenous elderly women from areas of the four Local Government ( Okorun, Ese, Agbaluku, Iwaro-Oka, Supare, Oba,  Erusu, Okeagbe. Findings of the study showed that voter education in the study area impacted minimally on the respondents resulting in their skewed knowledge and voting pattern (Grand mean 2.71+2.46+2.19+2.13=116.9/4=29.2). It is recommended among others that voter education should include indigenous education, a larger coverage and quality.
A Critical Review on Women Oppression & Threats in Private Spheres: Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Ahmed Rashed , Tarannum Nishat
Published: May 2020

The Constitution of Bangladesh ensures the equal rights and status of women in public life. But nondiscrimination over women in the private sphere is not guaranteed. Consequently, there are significant disparities between men and women in all realms of life. Lack of equal access to economic opportunities, education, health services and their lesser role in decision making perpetuate women’s subordination to men and susceptibility to violence. The notion of the society about girl children within the family itself builds up a mindset that girls ought to be less important than the male children. The multiple forms of discrimination against girls begin at home and continue to the end of their lives. This imbalanced foundation of knowledge, fully biased in favour of the males of the family, spreads through the society in general, resulting in tremendous forms of violence and injustice to women as a whole. The article highlights the key reasons of oppression over women such as physical, sexual and psychological abuse that cuts across lines of income, class and culture and its ultimate consequences. This article evaluates the loopholes in the existing criminal justice system of Bangladesh concerning violence against women with mentioning necessary possible way outs.
The Effect of Outdoor Environmental Education Program on Secondary School Students’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practices towards Water Pollution in Riverine Area of Ondo State
Authors: Oladapo Samuel Olanrewaju , Ogunfunmilakin Bright , Kukuru J.D.
Published: May 2020

Water pollution has been a major problem facing people living in riverine area all over Nigeria. This has become life threaten to majority of people living in the area as well as visitors to the area. A descriptive action research design was adopted foe the study and 3 instruments were developed for the collection of data. The population of the study comprises of all secondary school students in riverine area of Ondo State while 200 respondents were randomly selected from 10 schools 5 on the land and 5 on water. The questionnaire titled Environmental knowledge scale (EKS) Environmental Attitude scale (EAS) AND Environmental practice scale (EPS) were used to collect data for the study. Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation and T. test. The result of the study shows that there was significant effect of treatment on participants’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards water pollution and that location of school doesn’t have significant effect on participants’ behavior after the treatment based on the findings, it is therefore recommended that participation programme be encouraged at a level of education for solving environmental problems that is peculiar to any community.  DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3376474
Creative Map Instruction: An Experimental Effect on Biology Students’ Mental Ability
Authors: Duyilemi Augustinah Nireti , Babafemi Grace Titilope
Published: May 2020

The study investigated the effect of creative map on senior secondary biology students’ mental ability. Three research questions were raised and answered. The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest, posttest control group design. Two randomly selected schools involving a total of 71 biology students participated in the study. Biology Achievement Test (BAT) and Attitude towards Biology Questionnaire (ABQ) served data collection process. The sample were grouped into three ability levels (High, Medium and Low) using BAT before and after treatment administration. The experimental group was taught using creative map package while the control group was exposed to lecture method. Data collected was analyzed using frequency count, mean and Analysis of Variance. The result (F(1,61) =38.44; p<0.05, partial η2 = 0.39) revealed a positive influence of creative map on students’ mental ability with an upward movement from low and medium ability to high ability group. The study recommends the usage of creative map which offers to student the avenue to self-manage and actively participate in learning while enjoying equal platform to proceed with learning. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3376490
Social Studies Teachers’ Readiness to Teach the Security Education Theme in the Reviewed Edition of Nigeria’s Basic Education Curriculum
Authors: Lawal Moshood Babatunde
Published: May 2020

This study analysed Social Studies teachers’ readiness to teach Security Education. 720 practicing Social Studies teachers drawn from 72 Junior Secondary schools in the South Western Nigeria were administered with a structured questionnaire. The data collected were analysed using simple non-parametric statistics. Findings showed that the teachers have a significantly low knowledge and awareness of the components of the Theme-Security Education. However, the teachers’ readiness to acquire additional useful knowledge and skills required for handling Security Education alongside their area of specialisation (Social Studies) was found to be significantly high. The teachers perceived the inclusion of Security Education in the reviewed Curriculum as a development that will create a significantly higher workload for them. Nevertheless, their response showed a relatively high degree of negative disposition towards the handling of the newly introduced Security Education theme in National Values class Based on these findings necessary recommendations focusing on the need for training and organizing workshops for curriculum implementers were suggested.
Children Converse about Refugee Phenomenon Through Art
Authors: Sounoglou Marina
Published: May 2020

Children can talk about the refugee phenomenon through Art. The research methodology that followed is an intervention program in a fifth class of elementary school in Thessaloniki, Greece during the second semester of 2019. The children views were audited through conversation during the program, in which the children participated in a free discussion on the basis of filmography, poetry and artworks referring to the refugee phenomenon. The results of the survey present the children views on the refugee issue and their impressions from their contact with the Art. It was a useful way for children to express their emotions and opinions about the refugees. They feel empathy about the anxiety that may feel the refugee kids.
Developing Concept of the Self: The Environmentally Influenced or Innately Developed
Authors: Moneva Jerald C. , Quesio Clarisa D. , Navaris Mariejun A.
Published: May 2020

Self-concept is the awareness of a person of himself/herself based on his/her experiences, knowledge, body image, skills and in the way they tend to identify themselves in different situations, Meanwhile environment is where the students interact with others and spend most of their time. Environment is also where the students learn and gain experiences. Family, friends and peers are the people who the students communicate with, the people where they share their personal experiences and the people they mostly along with. The researchers used a survey questionnaire as a tool to be answered by the Senior High School students in Jagobiao National High School the data gathered will be treated using the weighted mean, frequency, percentage and lambda to determine their correlation. The influence of the variables are noticeable not significant to each other. It means that if they don’t develop their self-concept environmentally and innately, there are other factors that develop the achievement of the students on the concept of the self.
Ett föräldrastöd grundat i barnkonventionen? En analys av hur föräldrastödsmaterial förhåller sig till olika dimensioner av barnkonventionen
Authors: Widding Ulrika , Olsson Johanna
Published: May 2020

Målet med Sveriges nationella strategi för ett utvecklat föräldrastöd är att erbjuda alla föräldrar föräldrastödsaktiviteter. Ett delmål i strategin är att öka föräldrars möjligheter att ta del av föräldrastödsprogram. Dessa stöd bör vara baserade på de värderingar som uttrycks i Konventionen om barnets rättigheter. Syftet med denna studie var att studera om och i så fall hur, barnkonventionen tar sig uttryck i de texter som vänder sig till föräldrar i sex olika föräldrastödsprogram. Analysen fokuserade också på hur samhälleliga föreställningar om barnet och föräldra-barn relationen uttrycks i texterna. Texterna analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ textanalys samt med en modell som beskriver olika centrala dimensioner i barnkonventionen. Resultaten visar att vissa texter inte alls behandlar Konventionen om barnets rättigheter, medan andra beskriver den, men utan att problematisera eller konkretisera den. En del av texterna beskriver familjelivet i en social kontext medan andra framställer samspelet i familjen som ett mer isolerat skeende.
Fra redaksjonen
Authors: Tingstad Vebjørn
Published: May 2020

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Barns lekeverden utendørs med eksempler fra magilek og spionering
Authors: Fasting Merete Lund
Published: May 2020

Denne artikkelen drøfter barns lek og lekesteder utendørs med eksempler fra magilek og spionering. Barnas lek er kreativ og fysisk, og involverer og fortryller noen ganger barna. Barna er i en dialogisk interaksjon med både deres omgivelser og de andre barna i lek. De beveger seg i utfordrende terreng og de eksperimenterer med mulighetene til deres kropper og omgivelsene. Dette arbeidet dokumenterer viktigheten av barns kroppslige interaksjon med deres omgivelser.
Teskjekjerringas kraft: Samfunnskritikk i Alf Prøysens forfatterskap
Authors: Voldner Helene Heger
Published: May 2020

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Barndomskonstruktioner i skole-hjem-relationen i Danmark: – et kritisk blik
Authors: Kryger Niels
Published: May 2020

Denne artikel fokuserer på de – ofte implicitte – barndomsforestillinger der produceres i skole-hjemrelationen i retorikker og dominerende forestillinger om, hvad skole-hjem-relationerne skal handle om i en dansk kontekst. Artiklen kaster et kritisk blik på de senere års ændringer ved at anskue skolehjem-samarbejde i et barndoms- og generationsperspektiv. Der argumenteres for at der er sket en tendentiel øgning i voksen-monitoreringen af børn som følge af en øget samordning/sammensmeltning af de voksen-positioner de møder i hjemmet (forældrene) og skolen (lærere). Denne bevægelse er led i en mere omfattende og institutionalisering af børns liv idet den også omfatter det der tidligere blev opfattet som børns fritidsinstitutioner (børnehave, fritidshjem). Samtidig har staten i stigende grad bemyndiget sig selv til at intervenere i familiens indre liv; ikke blot i dens skabelse af det ‘private barn’, men også ved at forpligte familien på at være medskaber af ‘det offentlige barn’, herunder ikke mindst dets funktion som kommende arbejdskraft.
English abstract
This article focuses on the – often implicit – understandings of childhood produced in rhetorics on home-school relations and in dominant understandings of what home-school-relations is about in a Danish context. The article critically examines recent years’ changes by analysing these changes from a childhood and generational perspective. It is argued that there has been an increased adult-monitoring of children as a result of increased coordination/ amalgamation of the adult positions the children meet at home (with parents) and school (with teachers). This movement is part of a more comprehensive institutionalization of children’s lives as it includes children’s life in institutions that previously was considered part of children’s leisure time (kindergarten, after-school clubs etc.). At the same time, the changes reveal how the state has authorized itself to intervene in the inner life of the family not only in its creation of the ‘private child’, but also to oblige the family to be co-creator of the ‘public child’ thereby emphasizing the child’s function as future working force.
Av stor betydelse för ett framtida liv: Föräldrars uppfattningar om varför deras barn ska åka till kollo
Authors: Samuelsson Tobias , Samuelsson Marcus
Published: May 2020

I drygt 100 år har svenska barn tillbringat delar av sina somrar på kollo. Kollo, som används som förkortning för skollovskoloni, barnkoloni eller sommarkoloni, är traditionellt en ferieverksamhet i internatform för barn i skolålder där barnen tillbringar dygnet runt ett par sommarveckor på läger iväg från sina föräldrar. Motiven för att bedriva kollo har förändrats över tid och beskrivits i forskning. Beskrivningar om föräldrarnas motiv för att skicka sina barn till kollo saknas dock. Denna artikel bidrar med kunskap om just detta. Artikeln studerar svenska föräldrars uppfattningar om varför barn skall åka till kollo. Detta görs i ljuset av föreställningar om barn och barndom. Föräldrarna ser dels kollot som en viktig del av barndomen, som en tidlös plats där barn får vara barn och utvecklas utan vardagens stress. En dominerande syn på barnens kollvistelse som ett ”projekt” finns dock i föräldrarnas svar. Kollots främsta värde anges vara att det erbjuder utomhusvistelser i den goda naturen och fostran till skötsamhet, något dagens kollobarn, enligt deras föräldrar är i behov av. Föräldrarna uppfattar kollon som bärare av ursprunglighet och traditioner, och deltagandet som ett slags passagerit, som en katalysator för barn och ungas självutveckling inför livet i det framtida samhället.
English abstract
For more than a hundred years Swedish children have spent part of their summer holidays at a Summer Camp. The reasons for running Summer Camps have changed over time and have also been described in research. Descriptions of parents’ reasons for sending their children to the camps are missing, however. The present article contributes with knowledge in this very area. In the article we describe and try to understand Swedish parents’ ideas about why they think their children should go to Summer Camp. The parents’ ideas are studied in the light of conceptions of children and youth. The parents perceive the Camp as an important part of childhood, as a timeless place where children get to be children and can develop without the stress of everyday life. A dominating view among the parents is however that their children’s stay at the Camp is a ’project’. The main value of the Camp is said to be that it offers outdoor activities in the open country and promotes good behaviour, something that today’s children are badly in need of, according to their parents. The parents seem to perceive their children’s stay at the Summer Camp – bearer of primitiveness and traditions – as a kind of initiation rite, or as a catalyst for the personal development of children and youth when they are facing life in the future society.
Undervisning om kriser og katastrofer. Et pedagogisk mulighetsrom?
Authors: Strandbu Astrid , Schultz Jon-Håkon
Published: May 2020

Artikkelen utforsker pedagogiske mulighetsrom for læring og danning når elever er eksponert for skremmende beskrivelser og bilder gjennom media. Det empiriske materialet er intervjuer med 30 lærere som høsten 2011 tok imot elever etter terrorangrepet og massedrapene i Norge 22. juli. Ved skolestart fikk lærerne i oppdrag av skolemyndighetene å gjenreise elevenes opplevelse av trygghet. Det ble anbefalt å markere terroren og massedrapene på alle klassetrinn og følge elevene opp i tiden fremover. Det var store variasjoner med tanke på hvordan lærerne tilrettela for undervisning og danning. Manglende eller utydelig mandat fra lokal skoleledelse, lærernes sterke emosjonelle reaksjoner på terroren, manglende kunnskap om elevenes sårbarhet og manglende avklaring når det gjaldt lærerens pedagogiske rolle, ser ut til å ha betydning for hva lærerne foretok seg i klasserommet.
English abstract
The article studies pedagogical opportunities for learning and education when students are exposed to frightening images and descriptions through the media. The empirical material includes interviews with 30 teachers who welcomed students in the fall of 2011 in the wake of the terror attack and mass murder that had occurred in Norway on July 22nd. At the beginning of the academic year, school administrators gave teachers the mission of resurrecting the students’ sense of safety. It was recommended to mark the terror and mass murder at all levels and to follow up with the students throughout the year. There were considerable variations in relation to how teachers facilitated the education. Insufficient or unclear mandates from local school administration, the teachers’ own strong emotional reactions to the terror, lack of knowledge about students’ vulnerability and insufficient explanations when it came to the teachers’ pedagogical role seem to have been significant factors for teachers in taking on this mission.
Barns förståelse av begreppet inflytande
Authors: Beckman Madeleine Arenhill , Tullgren Charlotte
Published: May 2020

Denna artikel fokuserar barns förståelse för begreppet inflytande i fritidshemmets verksamhet. En Learning study används som modell för att utforska och utveckla barnens förståelse och kunskaper kring inflytande. Den inledande screeningen visar att barnen hade vaga uppfattningar om vad begreppet inflytande kan innebära och vad det betyder att ha inflytande. Resultatet visar att barnens förståelse och kunskap ökar under en Learning study och de verkar också bättre förstå den demokratiska processen som är avgörande för möjligheten att ha inflytande. Studien belyser också Learning study som en modell för att undersöka komplexa lärandeobjekt, som till exempel inflytande i fritidshemmet.
English abstract
This article focus children’s understanding of the concept influence in school-age educare centers. A Learning study is used as a model to develop children’s knowledge and understanding. The initial screening shows that the children’s knowledge is very low regarding the influence concept. The children’s understanding and knowledge increases during the Learning study and they also seems to understand the democratic process which is essential for the possibility of having influence. The study also highlights Learning study as a model for investigating complex learning objects as influence in after school educare centers.
The social construction of everyday concepts. Constructing the ”tween”
Authors: Sørenssen Ingvild Kvale
Published: May 2020

This paper discusses the social construction of the concept tween and whether this concept can be useful when engaging in research with children in the ages of 8–12. The paper will start by describing social construction, from there, the paper will move on to everyday concepts, before discussing the concept tweens as a theoretical and empirical concept. A question to be asked is: is the tween an everyday concept? Who or what constructs tweens? As the concept derived from marketing efforts (Cook and Kaiser 2004; Sørenssen 2014) another question becomes: should we use it as academics and general public? And if we do use the concept, what do we gain or possibly lose when using the term? What are the possible limits or benefits tied to engaging with this concept?
Forestillinger om børn og unge
Authors: Johansen Martin Blok
Published: May 2020

Ordene ”børn” og ”unge” kombineres så ofte, at de næsten har karakter af idiomatisk udtryk. Men hvilke forskelle i brugen af ordene kan der identificeres? I denne artikel undersøges italesættelser af børn og unge: Hvordan italesættes børn, og hvordan italesættes unge, og hvilke forskelle kan identificeres, når børn og unge italesættes? Teoretisk tager undersøgelsen afsæt i en Foucault-inspireret diskursanalyse, mens den metodisk er tilrettelagt som en multiple case-undersøgelse. I artiklen gives der eksempler på, hvordan børn typisk omtales i positive overskuds-vendinger som uskyldige, fantasifulde, livsglade, spontane, kreative og kompetente (surplus-diskurs), mens unge typisk omtales i negative underskuds-vendinger som uansvarlige, rodløse, voldelige, utilpassede, hedonistiske og utilregnelige (deficit-diskurs). Inden artiklen afsluttes med at konkludere, at den slags diskurser langt fra er så uskyldige, som de umiddelbart tager sig ud, diskuteres nogle af de begrænsninger, som disse konklusioner skal ses i lyset af.
English abstract
The words ”children” and ”young people” are so often combined that they almost have the character of idiomatic expressions. But which differences in the use of the words can be found? This article seeks to study the prevalent, dominant discourses about children and young people. In particular, it endeavours to answer the following question: What is thematised, and how are the thematisations created and maintained? The study is theoretically inspired by Foucault’s discourse analysis. The methodological approach is that of a multiple case study. Thus, it provides examples of how children are typically referred to in positive terms such as innocent, imaginative, cheerful, spontaneous, creative and competent (a surplus discourse), while young people are typically referred to in negative terms such as irresponsible, rootless, violent, dysfunctional, hedonistic and unaccountable (a deficit discourse).
Når skønhed sker og skabes: Et aktionsforskningsinspireret projekt i en dansk vuggestue
Authors: Klitnæs Henriette
Published: May 2020

Det er påkrævet med en æstetisk vending i pædagogikken, hvor æstetik og æstetisk erfaring forstås som den sensitive erkendelse og som skønhedserfaring. Gennem et aktionsforskningsinspireret projekt undersøges sammen med pædagoger i en vuggestue, hvordan skønhed optræder i den daglige pædagogiske praksis. Pædagogerne forfølger to spor: Det personlige, hvor de retter opmærksomheden på skønne øjeblikke for pædagogen og for børnene; og det pædagogiske spor, hvor de eksperimenterer med at facilitere skønne øjeblikke for børnene. Processen skaber viden og leder til forandringer på flere niveauer. Der reflekteres over blandt andet vigtigheden af børns relationer, at følge børnenes spor, pædagogers magt og brug af dømmekraft, og hvor meget arbejdsglæde og faglighed de oplever ved at sætte fokus på skønne øjeblikke. Disse refleksioner udvikler handlinger og eksperimenter med at skabe atmosfære og nærvær med mindre målstyring og desuden opmærksomhed på pædagogens rolle i forhold til at gribe børns egne initiativer og leg.
English abstract
An aesthetic turn is required in the pedagogical field, and this article examines how pedagogues in a Danish nursery (attending to children between 10 months and 3 years) investigate aesthetics as the sensitive cognition – and not sensory experience – and aesthetics as an experience of beauty. The methodological study is inspired by action research where the pedagogues develop and exchange knowledge about moments of beauty – how they appear and are created in the daily practice. This process develops reflections on children’s relations, how to follow children’s paths and initiatives, and how and when the pedagogue is using power and judgement. Furthermore, it includes reflections on how experiences of beauty create joy and extended subject knowledge and professional competence. These reflections develop actions and experiments about creating atmosphere and presence with less focus on goals and about the role of the pedagogue in relation to children’s initiatives and play.
Ustruktureret socialisering blandt børn og unge – interdisciplinært betragtet
Authors: Gravesen David Thore , Frostholm Peter Hornbæk
Published: May 2020

Denne artikel handler om børn og unges ustrukturerede socialiseringsprocesser i offentlige urbane rum. Med udgangspunkt i et feltarbejde i en mellemstor provinsby i Jylland studerer forfatterne, med hver deres videnskabelige afsæt – hhv. antropologien og sociologien, gruppen Thuqz og deres selvudnævnte leder Bezim. Feltarbejdet finder sted på byens centrale torve, hvor kommunen har skænket byens børn og unge et skateranlæg. Empiriske eksempler om gruppens adfærd, og kropslige udtryk sammenholdes med andre grupperinger, som også indtager anlægget og det analyseres hvordan forskelle markerer sig grupperne imellem. Analyserne påpeger at om end den sociale synergi udspiller sig og kultiveres uden forældre, pædagoger og lærere, så findes der hverdagslige praksisser og koder for adfærd, som antager relativt rutiniserede mønstre. I den forstand fremstår socialiseringsprocesserne ikke så ustrukturerede, som først antaget.
English abstract
This article is about children’s and young people’s unstructured socialization processes in public urban spaces. Based on a field work in a medium-sized provincial town in Jutland, the authors, each with their scientific background, respectively anthropology and sociology, study the group Thuqz and their self-proclaimed leader Bezim. The fieldwork takes place on the city’s central squares, where the municipality bestowed the city’s children and young people a skater park. Empirical examples of the group’s behavior and bodily expressions are compared with other groups that occupy the facility and the analysis illustrates interesting differences between the groups. The article points out that although social interaction at the skater park is being played out and cultivated without parents, educators and teachers, the everyday practices and codes of behavior seemingly follow relatively routinized patterns. In this sense the socialization processes at the facility appear less unstructured than first assumed.
The professional identity of recreation personnel
Authors: Pálsdóttir Kolbrún Þ.
Published: May 2020

The European qualifications and training of personnel in after-school programs for young school children vary (EFILWC 2006). Iceland mandates no specific requirements other than having some experi-ence with children and having no criminal record. The main aim of this article is to understand howrecreation personnel perceive their professional identity and location in the educational sector. Qualitative data from two after-school centres was analysed using the model of social ecology of identity (Wenger 1998). The main findings indicated that the personnel considered it their role to provide physical and emotional care; to support social development of children and provide opportunities for informal learning. Nevertheless, the majority of the personnel held unclear professional identities, and did not perceive themselves as active participants within the educational system. I argue that an alternative pedagogical approach is needed that sees recreation personnel as active participants and members of a shared educational practice within schools.
Prøysens varme ironi
Authors: Larsen Dag
Published: May 2020

Det er visst blitt et forskningsfaktum: Et barn ler ca fire hundre ganger pr dag. En voksen som regel ti. Studien ble i fullt alvor publisert av British Journal of Development Psychology (Recchia m.fl. 2010). Den viser også at barn helt ned i fire års alder kan forstå at en kommentar er ment ironisk og ikke bokstavelig. Jeg innrømmer at jeg ble glad da jeg leste dette. Forfattere har nemlig fått høre det lenge av forskere, kritikere, forleggere og andre. At barn har vondt for å skjønne ironi. At forfattere må være varsom med å bruke det, for det er sannsynlig at bare voksne vil le. Men da er det som vi hører et leende barn si: «Jammen, de voksne må da få lov til å le litt, de også!» Det samme sa Alf Prøysen, som var kjent radiostemme og forfatter for norske barn fra tidlig femtitall fram til i år, der hans hundreårsdag er blitt feiret. Bøkene hans om Teskjekjerringa nådde ut til barn i mange land. Prøysen tok i bruk sin hjemlige dialekt i skriftspråk, tale og sang, og ble svært populær (og er det ennå) blant barn og voksne, med sin unike kombinasjon av jordnær folkelighet og kunstnerisk presisjon.
The Notion of Regulation in Internacional Law
Authors: Olcese Tomás , Miranda Luiz Ricardo
Published: May 2020

Regulation – a notion first borrowed from the natural sciences by economists and then from economists by lawyers – has become increasingly common in international law. Within this article, we attempt to define the main features of international regulation. To do so, we will retrace, although not exhaustively, the path of the successive applications of this notion through its implementation in two major legal models. This will be a necessary step in defining its distinctive criteria. Thereafter, we will analyze the feasibility of employing these criteria into international regulation to determine whether the phenomenon observed within domestic legal systems is actually the same phenomenon or a completely different one.
The Geopolitical Factor of Belt and Road Initiative in Latin America
Authors: Montoya Miguel Angel , Lemus Daniel , Kaltenecker Evodio
Published: May 2020

In the context of Chinese growing influence in Latin America, the purpose of this paper is to analyze how geopolitical factors impact the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) implementation within the region. Specifically, this paper illuminates how Brazil and Mexico, the two largest economies in Latin America, have different predispositions towards their relationships with China. Through the review of secondary sources, this paper sets the background to analyze the geopolitical factor of the BRI in Latin America, which is complemented by the use of international databases to contrast how the US factor has molded the relationships between these countries. Finally, a comparative case study method is used to illustrate how geopolitics have influenced the Chinese investment possibilities in both economies. Although China's presence in Latin America through investments, trade, loans, and official development aid, has grown, we conclude that the United States influence is still a relevant factor to understand the differences between bilateral relationships amongst Brazil-China, and Mexico-China. This particular finding emphasizes the importance of geopolitics on BRI’s implementation in Latin America.
The Automotive Industry in Mexico and China
Authors: Gachúz Juan Carlos , Montes María Paula
Published: May 2020

China has become the mayor producer of vehicles worldwide and the main companies in the country began to expand globally. The presence of Chinese companies in the automotive industry in Mexico represents an opportunity for complementarity, expansion and development of the sector for both countries. The arrival of Chinese companies BAIC and JAC to Mexico has positively impacted the sector in terms of investment, employment and infrastructure. China's foreign direct investment in the Mexican automotive industry increases the production capacity of the sector in Mexico and represents a medium-term opportunity to increase exports in the sector.
Nonlinear Boundary Value Problem of Fractional Differential Equations with Arguments under Integral Boundary Condition
Authors: DHAIGUDE Dnyanoba B , Rizqan Bakr Hussein
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we develop the existence and uniqueness theory of fractional differential equation involving Riemann-Liouville di¤erential operator of order 0 < < 1, with advanced argument under integral boundary condition. We show the uniqueness of solution by using Banach xed point theorem with a weighted norm. We apply the comparison result and obtain the existence and uniqueness of solution by monotone iterative technique also by use weakly coupled extremal solution of (1.1).
The zeros of f^{n}f^(k)-a and normal families of meromorphic functions
Authors: Xiong Sun
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we first prove that if f be a non-constant meromorphic function, all of whose zeros have multiplicity at least $k$, then f^{n}f^{(k)}-a has at least m+1 distinct zeros, where $k(\geq2),m(\geq1),n(\geq m+1)$ are three integers, and $a\in \mathbb{C}\cup\setminus\{0\}$.Also, in relation to this result, a normality criteria is given, which extends the related result.
Carbon estimation using sampling to correct LiDAR-assisted enhanced forest inventory estimates
Authors: Chen Yingbing , Kershaw John A. , Hsu Yung-Han , Yang Ting-Ru
Published: May 2020

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) scanning has been increasingly applied in forest ecosystem surveys. Data from LiDAR describe forest structure and provide attribute information for forest inventory. These attributes can potentially aid in the estimation of biomass and carbon by providing sampling covariates. Therefore, this study explored the accuracy of estimating carbon storage by calibrating LiDAR attributes using list sampling with a ratio estimator. Standing tree carbon and down woody debris carbon were estimated across 10 broad forest types. LiDAR-derived gross total volume was used as a listing factor and big BAF samples to collect field data. Gross total volumes were “corrected” using a ratio estimator. The results show that standing tree carbon was 58.5 Mg C × ha-1 (± 2.9% SE), and dead woody debris carbon 1.8 Mg C × ha-1 (± 7.2% SE). With the exception of one forest type, these estimates were comparable to those derived from the carbon budget model of the Canadian forest sector (CBM-CFS3).
Historical forest changes in the western United States
Authors: Loehle Craig
Published: May 2020

Changes in factors such as temperature, precipitation, fire regimes, ozone, atmospheric CO2, and nitrogen deposition may have altered forest growth over the past century. Determining changes in forest growth over long intervals is complicated by constantly changing growing conditions due to tree maturation, stand self-thinning, disturbance, and other factors. Because a comprehensive review is lacking, results from publications examining forest growth trends in the western United States over the past 100 years were evaluated. Across the region, upper elevational forest ecotones have been expanding upward in many but not all locations, possibly due to warming and reduced snowpack. Across most of the region, both growth increases and decreases are localized and spatially dispersed. For the inland West, historical photography and long-term inventory data show clear densification and expansion of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) and mixed conifer forest across the region, mostly due to reduced fire incidence. However, a recent drought, probably linked to ocean cycles and exacerbated by warming, has caused a growth setback and mortality, especially in the Southwest. Forest densification due to altered fire regimes does not equate to enhanced growth per se. Aspen (Populus tremuloides) dieback has been noted due to recent drought and local conifer mortality caused by drought has also been documented in several locations. Regeneration after recent fires appears to be inadequate in many localities. Except for local increased growth at some high elevation and coastal sites and possible periodic drought effects in the Southwest, it is difficult to detect any growth trends with available data.
The formative evaluation of a forestry Best Management Practices program in a municipal watershed
Authors: Paye Emily , Germain René H. , Zhang Lianjun
Published: May 2020

Best Management Practices for water quality (BMPs) have been proven effective in reducing sedimentation from timber harvesting operations. Although most states in the country have BMP guidelines, many are non-regulatory, creating challenges for forest managers to ensure implementation. In surface watershed systems, BMP cost-sharing extension programs (BMP programs) are designed to encourage the implementation of BMPs. To assess the efficacy of a BMP program we examined the rates of BMP implementation on 45 properties harvested between 2013 and 2015: 22 harvests enrolled in a BMP program and 23 harvests not enrolled. We also compared our results to two previous studies completed in 2002 and 2011. Our results indicate BMP implementation was significantly better on properties participating in the BMP program. Also, BMP implementation scores improved for almost all categories evaluated when compared to the two previous studies. One BMP category with low implementation scores (even in 2018), was water diversion devices such as water bars. We suspect the BMP program is not sufficient to incentivize implementation given the time commitment for BMP implementation. Another factor at play here is that implementation may have been perceived as adequate to manage surface flow, but not optimal according to specifications dictated by the BMP field guide.
Demographic and territorial determinants of the variability of the degree of digital divide
Authors: Śmiałowski Tomasz
Published: May 2020

One of the inevitable outcomes of the development of information society is the phenomenon of digital divide. Unequal access to and unequal use of information and communication technologies (ICT) by Polish households affect the economic, social and demographic processes. The aim of the article is to determine the influence of demographic and territorial factors on the level of digital divide and its variability among Polish households in the years 2003–2015. The study was conducted on the basis of data from the reports of the Social Diagnosis and Statistics Poland’s data on households’ budgets, and utilised an original, author- -created indicator of digital divide. The results demonstrated that in the analysed period, the level of digital divide and its variability were growing when, on the one hand, the age of the members of the households taken into account in the research was, and on the other, when their number was decreasing. No influence of these persons’ sex or the region of residence was observed.
The use of social media by higher education institutions
Authors: Maślankowski Jacek , Brzezicki Łukasz
Published: May 2020

Higher education institutions have been using, to an increasing extent, various marketing methods and tools, which are becoming a decisive factor in building their competitive advantage and achieving success. In order to initiate and maintain long-term relationships with their communities and to conduct other marketing activities, higher education institutions have been increasingly often using social media, which has enabled them to actively create their image. The aim of this study is to utilize big data methods and tools to measure the scale of the use of social media by the higher education sector. The research carried out in the first quarter of 2019 demonstrates that large higher education institutions, i.e. those with over 1696 students (according to the adopted classification), use social media to communicate current news to a larger extent than the smaller ones. A significantly smaller percentage of mediumsized higher education institutions (223-1695 students) and small ones (up to 222 students) have accounts in social media, thus failing to take full advantage of the potential of these media. Higher education institutions use social media mainly to promote events they organise.
Jobs calculator – a tool for short-term forecasting of changes in the labour market
Authors: Bieć Maria , Gałecka-Burdziak Ewa , Kaczorowski Paweł , Pater Robert
Published: May 2020

The aim of the article is to present a modified and extended version of a jobs calculator – a tool used to perform simulations of the relationship between the unemployment and employment rates while adopting different assumptions regarding the potential trends in Poles’ professional activity and in shaping the size of Poland’s population. The user of the calculator sets the value of the target unemployment rate, and the tool calculates the number of jobs whose creation and filling would be necessary to obtain the desired level of the unemployment rate. The current version of the jobs calculator application has been enhanced compared to the original one in such a way that it allows modifying parameters characterizing the labour market (the labour market participation rate and the rate of the population growth) and creating forecasts within a defined time span. The calculator utilises data from the Labour Force Survey. The paper presents labour market forecasts until 2022 as well as the results of a simulation performed on the data from Labour Force Survey for the 3rd quarter of 2018.
Foreigners in the labour market in Śląskie Voivodship
Authors: Trzpiot Grażyna
Published: May 2020

The aim of the paper is to show how the presence of foreigners in the Śląskie Voivodship labour market was changing in the years 2014–2017. The scale of the influx of foreign workers into the labour market in Śląskie Voivodship was examined on the basis of the data on the number of declarations of intention to employ a foreigner and work permits issued, obtained from the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy, and the information about the local labour market provided by the Statistical Office in Katowice. The paper also analyses the situation of both the unemployed and working foreigners, taking into account the type of the performed work and their legal status on the labour market, for the purpose of which result data from surveys of the labour market carried out by Statistics Poland were used. The study utilises methods of analysing time series, such as statistical indices and trend determination by the mechanical method (moving averages) and the analytical method (a classic method of least squares). The results of the study indicate significant changes in the situation of foreigners in the labour market in Śląskie Voivodship, and show that the demand for foreign workers, and thus their importance in the labour market have grown.