bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualidade no serviço público: proposta de aplicação do Método MASP no Tribunal de Justiça da Paraíba
Authors: Carrazzoni Rebeca Sá do Nascimento , Carvalho Patrícia Lacerda , Rodrigues João Víctor de Moura , Carvalho Junior Antonio Deusany de
Published: September 2021

Tratar o cidadão como cidadãos-clientes é uma perspectiva da Administração Pública que possui foco na inovação dos processos. A renovação, interação e precisão destes processos buscam alcançar o nível de excelência para os cidadãos. Nesta linha, esta pesquisa visa propor alternativas para o setor de Adiantamento do Tribunal de Justiça da Paraíba (TJPB) por meio do Método de Análise e Solução de Problemas (MASP). Os pesquisadores analisaram o processo principal do Setor de Adiantamento do TJPB, com base na gestão da qualidade, visando a melhoria contínua com sugestões para direcionamento focado no aprimoramento do processo. Com isso, a pesquisa pretende contribuir para a utilização da melhoria de processos em uma perspectiva voltada para a gestão pública, proporcionando, assim, uma visão sistêmica organizacional. Como a natureza desta pesquisa é aplicada, um questionário estruturado com perguntas abertas e fechadas foi aplicado ao público da pesquisa, além de uma entrevista inicial com os funcionários da gestão de 2017, com o intuito de diagnosticar a situação que serviria de base para aplicação do método MASP associado ao método Plan, Do, Check, Action (PDCA), bem como, planos de ação para o bloqueio das causas fundamentais encontradas. O problema prioritário (falhas no processo de adiantamento) foi identificado, no qual a sua fragmentação permitiu a análise das suas características. Com base nos resultados alcançados, verificou-se a necessidade da modernização da gestão pública neste setor, por meio de novas tecnologias e metodologias para otimização de processos e atividades, de modo que tal abordagem pode se estender também para outros setores similares. Com efeito, a razão para a perspectiva gerencial no serviço público deve ser o atendimento das necessidades dos cidadãos-clientes. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa também se propôs a contribuir para a ampliação da visão dos órgãos que ainda resistem à utilização de teorias para solucionar entraves organizacionais. A forma simplificada do MASP proporcionou identificação de problemas e apontamento de soluções sistemáticas para melhoria de processos de forma eficiente e prática, facilmente adaptável para outros casos.
Cidades inteligentes como proposta de desenvolvimento local: uma análise conceitual para a cidade de Campina Grande/PB
Authors: Silva Antonio Fagundes Gomes da , Leite Ane Caroline Rodrigues , Araújo Helena Maria da Conceição de , Rodrigues Renato de Bozzano , Rodrigues Thayse Machado , Silva Raiff dos Santos
Published: September 2021

do espaço urbano, é o modelo de Cidades Inteligentes - SmartCities. Estas visam o uso racional dos recursos naturais utilizando, da melhor forma possível, as inovações tecnológicas. Dessa forma, esse estudo objetiva analisar conceitualmente o crescimento e desenvolvimento urbano, abordando o planejamento urbano e a organização espacial, assim como, a proposta de inserção de Smart City, na Cidade de Campina Grande, PB.  O método utilizado no estudo, baseia-se em pesquisas bibliográficas, de autores conceituados, como também, respalda-se em informações coletadas em meios midiáticos (jornais e sites locais). Destaca-se que Campina Grande é um dos espaços urbanos que sedia um protótipo da Cidade Inteligente, tendo sido escolhida por deter potencial no âmbito tecnológico e na economia regional. Contudo, para se alcançar os pilares do desenvolvimento sustentável local e para se ter êxito na aplicação da Smart City, é necessário a obtenção de uma Gestão urbana eficaz, englobando diversos aspectos de conjuntura política, social, econômica e ambiental.
A rota do Blockchain: um panorama das pesquisas
Authors: Castro Jessica de
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo mapear o perfil das pesquisas sobre Blockchain no período de 2015 a 2019. Este estudo foi conduzido por meio de uma pesquisa bibliométrica em 582 artigos publicados nos principais meios de publicação da pesquisa científica em administração, no período de 2015 a 2019 na base de dados Web of Science. Entre os principais resultados indicam que o interesse pelo assunto é crescente de forma exponencial, saltando de 0 artigos em 2015 para 389 em 2019. Os países de origem que mais apresentaram produção científica no período foi a China, seguidos dos EUA. Com relação à área de pesquisa que mais explora a tecnologia Blockchain apresenta-se as Ciências da Computação, seguida por Engenharia.
Multinacionais em mercados emergentes: existem pressões institucionais para o desenvolvimento sustentável?
Authors: Pinheiro Alan Bandeira , Costa Gerliane Maia , Sampaio Thicia Stela Lima
Published: September 2021

As empresas multinacionais têm operado suas fábricas em contextos emergentes e subdesenvolvidos. Nesses contextos, as empresas encontram uma legislação ambiental branda, leis trabalhistas frágeis, matéria prima em abundância e salários baixos. O presente ensaio tem como objetivo discutir a atuação das empresas multinacionais e suas políticas ambientais em ambientes institucionais emergentes. Assim, esse ensaio teórico busca contribuir com as discussões sobre pressões institucionais que as multinacionais sofrem em contextos emergentes, sob a luz da Teoria Institucional, já que existe uma ausência de ensaios teóricos que trabalham essa vertente. Para tanto, esse ensaio utiliza como pano de fundo para a discussão a Teoria das Multinacionais e a Teoria Institucional. O ambiente institucional afeta a atuação das multinacionais, alterando suas políticas e práticas ambientais. Países emergentes são caracterizados por problemas sociais e com altos níveis de corrupção. As empresas ao se instalarem nesses ambientes encontram regras não claras e consumidores com baixo poder de pressão por produtos, ações e políticas ambientais. Portanto, essas regras não claras deixam espaços para que as firmas atuem de forma a atingir seus objetivos organizacionais, sem a preocupação com as demandas de todas as partes interessadas.
‘Cardápio humano?’: projeção do self digital na sociedade líquida
Authors: Pereira Jussara Jéssica , Oleto Alice de Freitas , Mota Karen Spencer , Paniza Maurício Donavan Rodrigues , Gibelato Izabely Regina
Published: September 2021

Esse estudo visa analisar como os perfis nos aplicativos de relacionamento podem regular impressões e ao mesmo tempo diminuir estruturas rígidas e racionais no modo pelo qual as pessoas se relacionam. Como base teórica utilizamos a apresentação do self (MEAD, 1934; Goffman, 1975) digital tomando em consideração o contexto da condição líquida da modernidade (Bauman, 2001). Realizamos um estudo de natureza exploratória e abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado com 37 pessoas, totalizando 29 horas e 22 minutos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de domínios e categorias. Nossos dados sugerem que a busca por representatividade para o outro nos aplicativos de relacionamento gera uma projeção de self digital. Teorizamos, portanto, que esta construção de diferentes projeções do self digital é extremamente frágil e altamente influenciada pelos padrões de consumo da fluida sociedade pós-moderna, sendo esta a principal contribuição empírica deste artigo.
ANALGESIC EFFECT OF PRE-EMPTIVE ORAL NSAIDS ON POST-ENDODONTIC PAIN LEVELS IN SINGLE VISIT ENDODONTICS -A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: VENKATA TEJA Kavalipurapu , RAMESH Sindhu , RAMESH Sindhu
Published: September 2021

Background: Pre-emptive analgesia is an anti-nociceptive treatment which reduces the postoperative pain by preventing the processing of altered afferent input. As most of the patients present with pain preoperatively have higher levels of released local inflammatory mediators. Thus, pretreatment analgesia decreases the establishment of central sensitization, a mechanism by which spinal neurons increase their response to peripheral nociceptive impulse. Objective: This systematic review aims to compare and evaluate the postoperative pain levels and analgesic intake on preoperative oral administration of NSAIDs in single visit root canal treatment. Data Sources: The present review was done according to PRISMA guidelines and was registered in the PROSPERO (Centre for Reviews and Dissemination University of York; http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO). Registration number - CRD42020195775. The research question was formulated based on the PICO strategy. A comprehensive electronic literature search was conducted across PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Cochrane Database independently by two reviewers. Study Eligibility Criteria: Articles published from January 1990 to May 2019 that focused on preemptive strategies in single visit root canal treatment were included in the present review. Based on specified inclusion and exclusion criteria’s, the selected articles were subjected to quality assessment, and the risk of bias was evaluated. Methods: A total of 6 articles were included, out of which three were hand searched. The overall risk of bias of included studies was moderate, and the study limitations were high. Results: Among the studies included, Ibuprofen was considered as the best drug of choice in single visit endodontics. Limitations: The present review was assessing only the effectiveness of NSAIDs in single visit root canal treatment. But ideally comprehensive literature should search on effectiveness in both single and multiple visit root canal treatments. Conclusion: The present systematic review concluded that ibuprofen was considered to be an effective drug in single visit root canal treatment.
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT CAVITY DISINFECTION SOLUTIONS AND LASER SYSTEMS ON REPAIR BOND STRENGTH OF SILORANE BASED COMPOSITE
Authors: KAPDAN Alper , HÜRMÜZLÜ Feridun
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Evaluating effects of Nd:YAG-laser, Er:YAG-laser, chlorhexidine and ozonated water application which is used for purpose of antibacterial effects, on repair bond strength of silorane based composite.
Materials and Methods: 100 cavities (2 mm deep, 3 mm diameter) prepared in acrylic blocks were filled with silorane composite and subjected thermal cycle and divided into 5 groups (N=20). Group 1:Chlorhexidine; Group 2:Ozonated-water; Group 3:Nd:YAG-laser; Group 4:Er:YAG-laser; Group 5 (control): untreated. Composite repair procedure was implemented with the same silorane based composite. Groups divided into 2 subgroups (n=10). One of the subgroups for each group was subjected second thermal cycle. All of the samples tested by a universal test device. Data were analyzed statistically and significance test of the difference between the two means (Kolmogorov-Simirnov), the variance analysis, and Student-t Test used.
Results: No statistical difference was observed among groups after first thermal cycle (p>0,05). After the composite repair, there were no statistically significant difference between groups that were subjected to second thermal cycle (p>0,05). When each group was evaluated in themselves on comparing before and after the thermal cycle after the repair operation; as no statistically significant difference between Ozonated-water, Nd:YAG, Er:YAG and Control groups (p>0,05), a statistically significant decrease was observed only in the Chlorhexidine group after thermal cycle (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Ozonated-water, Nd:YAG-laser and Er:YAG-laser applications can be used in the repair of silorane-based composite restorations as an alternative antibacterial application, since the application of chlorhexidine reduces the repair bonding strength.
EFFECT OF TIDEGLUSIB WITH BONE GRAFTING ON NEW BONE FORMATION
Authors: İYİLİKCİ Berrin , TAŞDEMİR Ufuk , ÖZMEN Özlem , KIZILDAĞ Alper
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Objectives: The goal of this study was to observe the regenerative potential of Tideglusib in combination with autogenous and xenograft mandibular defects in rats.
Material Methods: Our study consists of five groups: one control and four experimental. In 40 Wistar albino rats, 5-mm-diameter critical bone defects were created at the angle of the mandible. In the control group, the defect was not filled. The defects were grafted only Xenograft in Group 1, with Xenograft and tideglusib in Group 2, and with only autogenous bone graft in Group3, and with autogenous bone graft mixed with tideglusib in Group 4.
Results: Sterological analyses revealed that enhanced new bone formation in the Group 4 compare to Control and Group 1. Immunohistochemically marked expressions of BMP-2 and VEGF were observed in Group 4.
Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that Tideglusib, in combination with bone grafting has an adjuvant effect on BMP-2 and VEGF-A expressions that may accelerate bone regeneration.
Nouvelles (vraies et fausses) de conversions (vraies et fausses) de monarques étrangers, imprimées en France aux XVIe-XVIIe siècles
Authors: Masse Vincent
Published: September 2021

Des nouvelles imprimées circulent, aux XVIe-XVIIe siècles, qui révèlent la conversion soudaine au christianisme – parfois véritable, souvent inventée – de puissants monarques étrangers. Comment s’écrivent ou s’inventent de telles annonces ? Différents cas de figure se présentent. Il y a les nouvelles véritables, auxquelles on ajoute des détails cosmétiques et faux, ou encore des interprétations trop enthousiastes. Il y a les nouvelles fausses, quoique inventées pour simplifier l’annonce de véritables bouleversements de l’échiquier politique – par exemple l’entrée sur scène de la dynastie des Séfévides, fantasmée sous les traits d’une conversion des shahs Ismaïl Ier (1508) ou Abbas Ier (1606). L’étrange cas de La conversion de trois grands rois permet de distinguer deux mécanismes de falsification, voire deux étapes : en 1571 d’abord, la nouvelle est l’assemblage frauduleux d’extraits de lettres missionnaires jésuites véritables ; en 1588, 1608 et 1609 ensuite, elle est « regrattée » et circule à nouveau, rafraîchie. Ainsi se mêlent inextricablement la vérité et la fiction, mieux qu’elles ne s’opposent, paradoxalement au moment même où essaiment en Europe de véritables informations sur la Perse, l’Inde et l’Indonésie. De telles nouvelles chimériques signalent de plus, alors que se développe une véritable industrie de la littérature éphémère, la désirabilité toute particulière des annonces de conversion, lesquelles priment sur d’autres nouvelles davantage vraies, mais moins séduisantes.
Le « serpent de mer du Constitutionnel », « cet admirable et immortel canard ». Examen d’un running gag médiatique
Authors: Buard Jean-Luc
Published: September 2021

Cette étude évalue la réalité et les sources de l’affaire du « serpent de mer du Constitutionnel », attribuant à ce journal la paternité de l’invention de cette plaisanterie (canard) de journaliste, diffusée comme un gag récurrent durant le XIXe siècle. Ce n’est pas tant la diffusion des histoires de serpent de mer qui en est l’objet que cette attribution problématique, traditionnelle dans l’histoire de la presse française. Au terme du parcours, qui ressemble à une enquête policière, il est établi que la première mention d’un serpent de mer a bien eu lieu en 1817 dans ce journal, alors retitré Journal du commerce, mais qu’il n’a jamais eu l’exclusivité de la diffusion de ce canard, qui provient du reste de journaux américains : avant les actuelles numérisations des journaux, il était difficile sinon impossible de retrouver de brèves mentions voire des articles sur de tels sujets. Il était donc aisé de s’en moquer sans avoir à en fournir de justification sourcée.
Louis-Ferdinand Céline: Trolling For Another Time?
Authors: Warde Luke
Published: September 2021

This article presents a reading of Louis-Ferdinand Céline through the concept of trolling. A relatively new phenomenon, trolling denotes an attempt to elicit a negative response in a chosen target via deliberate provocation or incitement. While inextricable from the online social media platforms that have facilitated its emergence as a discursive mode, trolling is dependent on rhetorical strategies that are hardly new: irony, self-referentiality, effrontery, aggression, etc. Trolls seek to cultivate a brand around the antipathy they delight in triggering. I contend that Céline attempted to do just this in the postwar period, and more specifically in the series of interviews he conducted at Meudon in the last decade of his life. I thus argue against some recent scholarship that claims that Céline attempted to regain, by expressing contrition, a sympathetic audience following his condemnation for having published a series of egregiously antisemitic pamphlets. Rather, I suggest that he sought to instrumentalize his notoriety for his own advantage; some readers, he likely reasoned, are drawn to him because, not in spite of, his infamy. My argument draws on a body of recent writing on the relationship between humour, new media and far-right politics.
Associação entre doença periodontal e obesidade
Authors: Santos Carla Lorena , Gomes Raíla Bahia , Morandini Sabrina de Fátima , Santos Alice Machado Carvalho , Cota Luís Otávio Miranda , Costa Lidiane Cristina Machado
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a associação entre doença periodontal e obesidade.
Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca nas bases PubMed, SciELO e Bireme, sendo incluídos estudos relevantes relacionados ao tema para síntese deste trabalho.
Resultados: Foram selecionados treze artigos para serem incluídos nessa revisão, sendo um ensaio clínico, uma meta-análise, dois estudos de coorte, dois caso-controle, cinco estudos transversais e duas revisões sistemáticas.
Conclusão: Existe uma plausibilidade biológica entre a obesidade e a doença periodontal, porém não há um consenso na literatura sobre essa associação. Desta forma, são necessários mais estudos prospectivos, laboratoriais, de coorte e meta-análises que avaliem tal associação entre as doenças.
SUV39 SET domains mediate crosstalk of heterochromatic histone marks
Authors: Stirpe Alessandro , Guidotti Nora , Northall Sarah J , Kilic Sinan , Hainard Alexandre , Vadas Oscar , Fierz Beat , Schalch Thomas
Published: September 2021

The SUV39 class of methyltransferase enzymes deposits histone H3 lysine 9 di- and trimethylation (H3K9me2/3), the hallmark of constitutive heterochromatin. How these enzymes are regulated to mark specific genomic regions as heterochromatic is poorly understood. Clr4 is the sole H3K9me2/3 methyltransferase in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and recent evidence suggests that ubiquitination of lysine 14 on histone H3 (H3K14ub) plays a key role in H3K9 methylation. However, the molecular mechanism of this regulation and its role in heterochromatin formation remain to be determined. Our structure-function approach shows that the H3K14ub substrate binds specifically and tightly to the catalytic domain of Clr4, and thereby stimulates the enzyme by over 250-fold. Mutations that disrupt this mechanism lead to a loss of H3K9me2/3 and abolish heterochromatin silencing similar to clr4 deletion. Comparison with mammalian SET domain proteins suggests that the Clr4 SET domain harbors a conserved sensor for H3K14ub, which mediates licensing of heterochromatin formation.
The impact of peer review on the contribution potential of scientific papers
Authors: Matsui Akira , Chen Emily , Wang Yunwen , Ferrara Emilio
Published: September 2021

The peer-reviewing process has long been regarded as an indispensable tool in ensuring the quality of a scientific publication. While previous studies have tried to understand the process as a whole, not much effort has been devoted to investigating the determinants and impacts of the content of the peer review itself. This study leverages open data from nearly 5,000 PeerJ publications that were eventually accepted. Using sentiment analysis, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling, mixed linear regression models, and logit regression models, we examine how the peer-reviewing process influences the acceptance timeline and contribution potential of manuscripts, and what modifications were typically made to manuscripts prior to publication. In an open review paradigm, our findings indicate that peer reviewers’ choice to reveal their names in lieu of remaining anonymous may be associated with more positive sentiment in their review, implying possible social pressure from name association. We also conduct a taxonomy of the manuscript modifications during a revision, studying the words added in response to peer reviewer feedback. This study provides insights into the content of peer reviews and the subsequent modifications authors make to their manuscripts.
Study the effects of Process Parameters on Overcut of Al6061 Alloy by (Fe2O3) Nano- Powder-Mixed Micro-EDM
Authors: Elsiti Nagwa Mejid
Published: September 2021

The effect of process parameters on micro-EDM namely current (I), voltage (V) and pulse on time (TON) were studied based on Tool Overcut (OC). The effect of Fe2O3 nano-powder mixed dielectric on the overcut for AL6061 alloy was studied using a Die Sinking (EDM) Machine. Effect of the process parameters was examined by 2-Level Factorial Design using Design of Experiment (DOE) software, whereas the level of importance was statistically evaluated using ANOVA. The results indicate discharge current and pulse on time significantly influenced the EDM process compared to voltage. It was also concluded that the use of Fe2O3 nano-powder mixed micro-EDM decreased the overcut values.
Decodificando Narrativas de Políticas Públicas de Turismo no Brasil
Authors: Lima Marcelo Augusto Gurgel , Irving Marta de Azevedo , Oliveira Elizabeth
Published: September 2021

Nos últimos anos, o turismo vem sendo interpretado, pelas narrativas oficiais da gestão pública brasileira, como uma via possível para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico e para a inclusão social. Desta forma, muitas experiências vem ocorrendo no mundo com este objetivo, dentre as quais, aquelas relacionadas ao denominado turismo de base comunitária ou TBC, que, em tese, busca o desenvolvimento das localidades turísticas, a partir de premissas centrais de conservação dos recursos naturais, valorização da cultura e protagonismo local. Sob essa inspiração, este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a maneira pela qual as premissas conceituais relativas ao TBC vêm sendo expressas nas narrativas de políticas públicas de turismo, no caso brasileiro, buscando contribuir para a construção de uma linha de base para orientar um debate qualificado sobre o tema, em um cenário pós-pandemia da Covid-19. Para tal, a metodologia adotada partiu de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, considerando, como universo de análise, as políticas públicas de turismo, no período entre 2003 e 2018. A análise realizada sugere que, apesar de algumas das premissas teóricas que orientam o TBC estarem expressas nos documentos mais recentes, de maneira geral interpretado, predominantemente, pela lógica do mercado nas narrativas de políticas públicas, em contradição com a base teórica, que tem orientado o debate sobre o tema. Assim, considerando essa tendência e, em um cenário de incertezas pós-pandemia da Covid-19, parece evidente o risco de instrumentalização dessa prática nas narrativas oficiais, para atender aos interesses do mercado, por meio do falso discurso de combate às desigualdades sociais.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anaemia among Adolescent Girls in Selected Schools
Authors: Kawale A. , Taksande V.
Published: September 2021

To assess the prevalence and risk factors which contribute to anemia among adolescent girls in selected

Introduction: ‘Anemia is a disease in which, because of one or more vital nutrient deficiencies, the blood hemoglobin content is lower than average, irrespective of the cause of such deficiency. In Maharashtra, according to District Level Household Survey (DLHS) 2002-2006, the prevalence of moderate anemia in adolescent girls was estimated to be 53%, whereas severe anemia was 29%.

Aims: To assess the Prevalence and risk factors which contribute to anemia among adolescent girls in selected Schools.

Research Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried in 150 adolescent girls age between 10 to 15 years. Quantitative research approach was used. Non-probability convenience sample technique was used.

Results: The data obtained to describe the sample characteristics including demographic variables (age of adolescent girls, education, mother education, type of family, monthly family income and type of diet), prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls, menstrual factors and dietary factors. The levels of anemia were seen into 4 categories, normal Hb% level, mild anemia, moderate anemia and severe anemia. In demographic variables, Type of family of adolescent girls (p=0.04) is statistically associated with prevalence of anemia. In menstrual factors, duration of blood flow is found to be statistically associated with menstrual factors of adolescent girls (p=0.0001). In dietary factors, it is interpreted dietary factors of adolescent girls is statistically not associated with their prevalence of anemia.

Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia is more in adolescent girls. A statistically significant was found between nuclear family but not with the other socio-demographic factors. No association was found between status of menstrual factors except duration of blood flow.
Lung Delivery Systems to Optimize Pharmacotherapy of COVID-19: A Concise Review
Authors: Alrashedi Mohsen Geza. , Alrashedi Ahmed Geza. , Ali Ahmed Shaker. , Ibrahim Ibrahim M.
Published: September 2021

Background: COVID-19 is an ongoing viral pandemic caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus. Several drugs were repurposed for its management; however, most of these drugs were not ideal treatments by traditional methods of administration, whether given by injection or orally. This is due to many reasons including pharmacokinetic limitations or drug-induced adverse effects. There is an urgent need to develop these drugs to target the virus in the lung tissue through inhalation.

Objective: To address the gap in knowledge regarding efficacy and safety of pulmonary drug delivery of repurposed antiviral against COVID-19.

Findings: Ongoing trials for inhalable formulations of several drugs such as Niclosamide; Remdesivir, Hydroxychloroquine, and Azithromycin among others showed promising results.

Conclusion: The development of pharmaceutical forms for inhaled administration of antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs is an important direction that needs more attention to achieve the optimal management of respiratory infectious diseases.
Chemometric Access for RP-HPLC Simultaneous Estimation of Tadalafil and Dapoxetine Applying Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Jayaseelan S. , Kannappan N. , Ganesan V.
Published: September 2021

Aims: A RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of Tadalafil and Dapoxetine applying statistical experimental design.

Methodology: Multivariate optimization of the experimental conditions of RP-HPLC method was using Design of experiments. Independent three factors like phosphate buffer pH, mobile phase composition and flow rate were applied to design mathematical models. To study the response surface methodology by using Central composite design (CCD). In depth the effects of these independent factors was studied using CCD. Simultaneously optimize the retention time and resolution of the analytes was applying Desirability function.

Results: The predicted and optimized data from contour picture containing phosphate buffer (pH 3.4) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 40:60%v/v respectively. Flow rate was found to be 0.8 ml/min. Baseline separation of both analytes with run time of less than 10.0 min and good resolution were achieved using these optimum conditions.

Conclusion: Method was validated according to ICH guidelines by using optimized assay conditions. Therefore, the reports distinctly indicated that Quality by design access could be satisfactorily used to optimize RP-HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of Tadalafil and Dapoxetine.
Metal Phosphides Embedded with In Situ‐Formed Metal Phosphate Impurities as Buffer Materials for High‐Performance Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ji Shunping , Song Chunyan , Li Junfeng , Hui Kwan San , Deng Wenjun , Wang Shuo , Li Haifeng , Dinh Duc Anh , Fan Xi , Wu Shuxing , Zhang Jintao , Chen Fuming , Shao Zongping , Hui Kwun Nam
Published: September 2021

As anodes for metal‐ion batteries, metal phosphides usually suffer from severe capacity degradation because of their huge volume expansion and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), especially for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs). To address these issues, this study proposes amorphous phosphates acting as buffer materials. Ten types of metal phosphide composites embedded with in situ‐formed amorphous phosphates are prepared by one‐step ball milling using red phosphorus (RP) and the corresponding metal oxides (MOs) as starting materials. A zinc phosphide composite is selected for further study as a PIB anode. Benefitting from the effective suppression of volume variation, a KF‐rich SEI is formed on the electrode surface in the KFSI‐based electrolyte. The zinc phosphide composite exhibits a high reversible specific capacity and outstanding long‐term cycling stability (476 mAh g−1 over 350 cycles at 0.1 A g−1 after going through a rate capability test and 177 mAh g−1 after 6000 cycles at 1.0 A g−1) and thus achieves the best cycling performance among all reported metal phosphide‐based anodes for PIBs. This study highlights a low‐cost and effective strategy to guide the development of metal phosphides as high‐performance anodes for PIBs.
Gene action and genetic parameters of characters related to rice grain quality
Authors: Facchinello Paulo Henrique Karling , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Streck Eduardo Anibele , Aguiar Gabriel Almeida , Goveia Janaína , Feijó Michele , Pereira Roberto Ramos , Fagundes Paulo Ricardo Reis , Maia Luciano Carlos da , Lautenchleger Francine , Júnior Ariano Martins de Magalhães
Published: September 2021

Information about gene action, heritability, heredity, and potential gain estimated by selecting these characters is scarce. This study aims to estimate genetic parameters related to physical attributes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain quality. The crosses “BR/IRGA 409″ × “BRS Bojuru” and their reciprocal were performed, obtaining F1 and F2 generations and backcrosses (BC1 and BC2). After obtaining seeds, the experiment was conducted following a completely randomized design with replications determined by the total number of plants of each generation. Total chalky area (CA), white core (WC), vitreous whiteness (VW), caryopsis length (CL), caryopsis width (CW), caryopsis length × width (CL/CW), percentage of whole grains (WHO), and broken grains (BG) were evaluated. The experiment analyzed means and variances and genetic parameters of generations based on a complete model and additive‐dominant model. The physical attributes are inherited quantitatively, and the main genetic effect is the additive. However, there is a great environmental influence on the characters studied. The BR/IRGA 409 × BRS Bojuru cross makes it possible to obtain a greater genetic gain in the selection of chalky grain characters (CA, WC, and VW) as they express a narrower heritability, whereas BRS Bojuru × BR/IRGA 409 makes it possible to obtain a greater genetic gain in the selection of CL, CW, CL/CW, WHO, and BG. Parent plants affect the type of gene action. A gene action of partial dominance, overdominance, and complete dominance occurred among the physical attributes of grain quality.
Asymmetric Stepwise Reductive Amination of Aryl N‐Heteroaryl Ketones with Benzyl Amines via Iridium Catalysis
Authors: Yang Bing , Fu Hao , Yuan Jing , Wen Simiaomiao , Wang Chunqin , Liu Qixing , Zhou Haifeng
Published: September 2021

An asymmetric reductive amination of aryl N‐heteroaryl ketones with Benzyl Amines has been realized via one‐pot two‐step process, using p‐toluenesulfonic acid and chiral iridium complexes as catalysts, a mixture of formic acid/triethylamine as a reductant. Twenty‐three examples of chiral aryl N‐heteroaryl methylamines were obtained with good yields and up to 99% ee.
Can closed‐off management in communities alleviate the psychological anxiety and stress caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic?
Authors: Liu Yiwei , Zhou Deshui , Geng Ximei
Published: September 2021

Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic, the number of individuals infected with the COVID‐19 has been increasing worldwide, posed a substantial threat to mental health. Therefore, discovering the means for blocking the transmission path of COVID‐19 and improving mental health is of great significance. Based on a survey on the life of urban and rural residents in China (in 2020), the study applied the least squares method to analyse the effect of closed‐off management on the psychological anxiety and psychological stress caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Furthermore, the bootstrap decomposition method was used to test for the mediating effects of satisfaction with and confidence in pandemic prevention. The study found that closed‐off management in communities exerted a negative effect on psychological anxiety and stress caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Additionally, satisfaction with and confidence in pandemic prevention played a mediating role on the psychological anxiety and stress caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Therefore, closed‐off management in communities will not only prevent the spread of the COVID‐19, but also improve satisfaction with and confidence in pandemic prevention and control. Furthermore, it will alleviate the psychological anxiety and stress caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic.
CCL2 produced by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is essential for the accumulation and activation of monocytic myeloid‐derived suppressor cells
Authors: Gu Haitao , Deng Wensheng , Zheng Zhong , Wu Ke , Sun Feng
Published: September 2021

Introduction

The development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is closely tied with the immune system. C‐C motif chemokine ligands (CCL) were proved to lead to immune recruitment and training. Thus, we reckoned CCL2 to be the kernel of immune suppression in PDAC tissues.

Methods

We compared normal pancreatic tissues with PDAC tissues according to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and clinical samples. Flow cytometry was used to identify M‐MDSCs. We further demonstrated immune suppression of M‐MDSCs according to proliferation rates of CD8+ T cells/CD4+ T cells. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Arginase were also tested by flow cytometry, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and western blot analysis. We also analyzed the specific mechanisms by cluster analysis after CCL2 stimulating M‐MDSCs.

Results

We found that CCL2 highly increased in PDAC tissues. CCL2 is positively related to CD33 and CD14, markers of monocytic myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (M‐MDSCs). We have demonstrated that CCL2 recruited M‐MDSCs into PDAC tissues both in vitro and in vivo. M‐MDSCs recruitment is accompanied by sustained immune suppression. Furthermore, we have found that M‐MDSCs impeded T cell proliferation and produced high levels of ROS and Arginase, which can be enhanced by CCL2. Mechanistically, CCL2 stimulated M‐MDSCs led to a significant upregulation of genes, a large part of which accumulated in the mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Treatment of aloesin, MAPK signaling inhibitor, relieved the associated immunosuppressive phenotype induced by CCL2.

Conclusions

Our study indicates that PDAC cells produced CCL2, which promoted localized M‐MDSC recruitment and immune suppression, thereby promoting tumor progression.
Visual adaptation and retinal characterization of the Garganey (Anas querquedula): Histological and scanning electron microscope observations
Authors: Bassuoni Naglaa F. , Abumandour Mohamed M. A. , El‐Mansi Ahmed , Hanafy Basma G.
Published: September 2021

The present study was designed to provide a complete morphological description of the eye of the migratory Garganey duck (Anas querquedula) and its visual adaptation with the different surrounding environmental conditions during its migration journeys using a stereomicroscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and light microscope. The current work depends on six adult Garganey ducks that were captured from the area near and on the shores of Edku city. The obtained results revealed that the eye of the migratory Garganey duck has the features of both diurnal and nocturnal birds. The histological examination reveals that the pigmented epithelium of the retina has long prolongations filled with melanin. The cone is the dominant photoreceptor, but simple rods are present. The inner nuclear and ganglion cell layers are thick. SEM examination shows that the arrangement of the collagen fibrils on the external surface was reticular in shape. The radial folds present as pledged structures on the pigmented epithelium covered with circular structures. The main lens body has flat with hexagonal outlines fibers. The edges and surfaces of these hexagonal fibers were studded with protrusions or elevations (balls) and depressions (sockets). The sockets and balls were either rounded or ellipsoid in shape. The balls were more on the edges and the sockets on the surface. In conclusion, our findings indicated a higher degree of functional adaptation between the morphological structure of the eye and the surrounding environmental conditions.
A Consequence of Dispersity on the Self‐Assembly of Amphiphilic Homopolymers Containing Main‐Chain Azobenzene
Authors: Hu An , Shi Xianheng , Li Lishan , Zhang Wei , Zhang Zhengbiao , Zhou Nianchen , Zhu Xiulin
Published: September 2021

The self‐assembly of amphiphilic oligomers/polymers is a versatile and promising approach for creating nonspherical polymeric nanoparticles. Discrete amphiphilic oligomers/polymers with molecularly defined structures are ideal candidates for fabricating smart nanoparticles and for achieving a deeper understanding of structure‐controlled self‐assembly. Herein, discrete and disperse amphiphilic homopolymers of PAZOnTEG2n, with hydrophobic azobenzene are designed and synthesized as the main chains tethered with hydrophilic tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether (TEG) units, to accurately investigate the impact of dispersity on their self‐assembly in solution. The discrete‐PAZO8TEG16 in DMF/water and in THF/water results in the formation of 2D lamellae, while the dispersed counterpart prefers to self‐assemble into spherical micelles. The significant difference is due to their distinction between interior structures of assembly. Furthermore, photoisomerization of azobenzene triggers dissociation/reassembly for discrete polymeric nanoparticles but no obvious change for the dispersed counterparts under irradiation with UV/vis light. This work reveals the influence of dispersity on the self‐assembly of amphiphilic polymers and stimuli‐responsive properties of their nanomaterials, which is desirable for universal applicability in fabricating smart 2D lamellas.
Extensive surgery in medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw for the prevention of infective endocarditis
Authors: Narai Takashi , Tamura Takayuki , Fujii Nobuyuki , Harada Yusei , Watanabe Soh , Kodani Isamu
Published: September 2021

Infective endocarditis (IE) is one of the most common diseases occurring in patients with valvular heart disease (VHD). One of the causes of IE is bacteremia caused by oral jaw infections, including medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) and oral surgery. We performed an extensive surgery for MRONJ prior to aortic valve replacement with severe aortic stenosis (SAS) for IE prevention. In patients with SAS and MRONJ who are being suggested a surgery on standby for VHD, a prior extensive surgery for MRONJ should be considered to prevent the risk of IE.
Diagnosis and management of syphilis: a guide for GPs
Authors: Draeger Eleanor
Published: September 2021

Treatment of syphilis should take place in a GUM or sexual health clinic, but GPs still have a very important role in identifying the infection and ensuring that the right people are tested. This article describes different stages of syphilis and the signs and symptoms to look for, and provides an overview of its diagnosis and treatment.
Summary of joint guideline on the management of long COVID
Authors: Chaplin Steve
Published: September 2021

NICE, SIGN and the Royal College of General Practitioners have published a joint guideline on identifying and managing the long‐term effects of COVID‐19 (‘long COVID’) in adults, young people and children. This article summarises the main points of the guidance.
Highly Facile, Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of Spiropyrrolidine‐5‐aza‐2‐oxindole Derivatives through Multicomponent 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction and Their In‐Vitro and In‐Silico Biological Studies
Authors: Shinoj Kumar P. P. , Krishnaswamy G. , Desai Nivedita R. , Sreenivasa S. , Aruna Kumar D. B.
Published: September 2021

Highly facile one pot synthesis of an assortment of novel spiropyrrolidine 5‐aza‐2‐oxindole derivatives via 1, 3‐di polar cycloaddition reaction has been reported. The underlying concept of Huisgen reaction was applied wherein the azomethine ylides (1,3‐dipoles), generated in‐situ from isatin‐derived compounds and cyclic / acyclic α‐amino acids through the thermal decarboxylation, reacted with exo‐cyclic benzylidine derivatives (dipolarophiles) of 5‐aza‐2‐oxindole afforded plethora of spiropyrrolidine 5‐aza‐2‐oxindoles in excellent yield. High regio‐ and stereo selectivity were accomplished employing this methodology and optimum yield was obtained when reaction carried out under methanol reflux in presence of triethylamine. Furthermore, the compounds were tested for their in‐vitro biological potency as anti‐microbial and anti‐mycobacterial. Antibacterial screening result reveals that out of fifteen compounds four compounds emerged with moderate to reasonable activity against gram negative E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Antifungal screening resulted in identification of two compounds as moderate antifungal agents against A. niger. Antimycobacterial activity results revealed that the four compounds displayed good to moderate in‐vitro activity with MIC=12.5 μg/mL against H37Rv strain as compared to standard pyrazinamide (MIC=3.12 μg/mL). Additionally, molecular docking study was carried out to understand the possible binding modes of the synthesized derivatives within the active site of antibacterial (PDB ID : 3ACX), antifungal (PDB ID : 1IYL) and antimycobacterial (PDB ID : 4TZT) target proteins and were found to display good docking energies. Besides, ADMET properties of the synthesized compounds have shown drug likeness with good oral absorption and moderate BBB permeability.
Marangoni Flow Manipulated Concentric Assembly of Cellulose Nanocrystals
Authors: Shao Rongrong , Meng Xiao , Shi Zhaojie , Zhong Jiajia , Cai Zheren , Hu Junhao , Wang Xiao , Chen Gang , Gao Shenghua , Song Yanlin , Ye Chunhong
Published: September 2021

Tunable assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is important for a variety of emerging applications in optics, sensing, and security. Most exploited assembly and optical property of CNCs are cholesteric assembly and corresponding circular dichroism. However, it still remains challenge to obtain homogenous and high‐resolution cholesteric assembly. Distinct assembly and optical property of CNCs are highly demanded for advanced photonic materials with novel functions. Herein, a facile and programmable approach for assembling CNCs into a novel concentric alignment using capillary flow and Marangoni effect, which is in strike contrast to conventional cholesteric assembly, is demonstrated. The concentric assembly, as quantitatively evidenced by polarized synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared imaging, demonstrates Maltese cross optical pattern with good uniformity and high resolution. Furthermore, this Maltese cross can be readily regulated to “on/off” states by temperature. By combining with 3D inkjet technology, a functional binary system composed of “on”/“off” CNCs optical patterns with high spatial resolution, fast printing speed, good repeatability, and precisely controllable optical property is established for information encryption and decryption. This concentric assembly of CNCs and corresponding tunable optical property emerge as a promising candidate for information security, anticounterfeiting technology, and advanced optics.
Reproductive outcome after early miscarriage: comparing vaginal misoprostol treatment with expectant management in a planned secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fernlund A. , Jokubkiene L. , Sladkevicius P. , Valentin L.
Published: September 2021

Objective

To compare the reproductive outcome after early miscarriage between women managed expectantly and those treated with vaginal misoprostol.

Methods

This study was a planned secondary analysis of data collected prospectively in a randomized controlled trial comparing expectant management with vaginal misoprostol treatment (single dose of 800 µg) in women with early embryonic or anembryonic miscarriage and vaginal bleeding. The outcome measures were the number of women with a clinical pregnancy conceived within 14 months after complete miscarriage and the outcome of these pregnancies in terms of live birth, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy and legal termination of pregnancy. The participants replied to a questionnaire sent by post covering their reproductive history ≤ 14 months after the index miscarriage was complete. Supplementary information and data for women who did not return their questionnaire were retrieved from medical records.

Results

Of 94 women randomized to misoprostol treatment and 95 allocated to expectant management, 94 and 90 women, respectively, were included for analysis. Information on reproductive outcome was available for 89/94 (95%) and 83/90 (92%) women, respectively. Complete miscarriage without surgical evacuation was achieved within 31 days in 85% (76/89) of the women in the misoprostol group and in 65% (54/83) of those managed expectantly. The proportion of women treated with surgical evacuation was 33% (27/83) in the expectant‐management group vs 12% (11/89) in the misoprostol group. At 14 months after the index miscarriage was complete, 75% (67/89) of women treated with misoprostol and 75% (62/83) of those managed expectantly had achieved at least one clinical pregnancy, while 40% (36/89) and 35% (29/83), respectively, had had at least one live birth (mean difference, 5.5% (95% CI, −9.7 to 20.3%)). When considering the outcome of all pregnancies conceived within 14 months after the index miscarriage was complete, 63% (56/89) of women in the misoprostol group and 55% (46/83) of those in the expectant‐management group delivered a live baby after a pregnancy (mean difference, 7.5% (95% CI, −7.9 to 22.4%)).

Conclusion

Women with early miscarriage can be reassured that fertility is similar after misoprostol treatment and expectant management. © 2021 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.