bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Burnout among healthcare workers in a hospital calculated based on fourth edition
Authors: Sayapathi Balachandar S. , Su Anselm Ting
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Prevalence of occupational stress and burnout is on an
increasing trend worldwide. Around 19-30% of workers had stress and
75% of them had burnout especially among the clinicians. The aim of
this study was to synthesize research evidence for the prevalence and
level of burnout among staffs of different categories according to the
scores based on the fourth edition of Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual
and to compare levels of Emotional Exhaustion, Cynicism and Professional
Efficacy of burnout between them. Methods: In this cross-sectional
study, 194 participants from different categories participated from a
hospital. Burnout scores were measured using the Maslach Burnout
Inventory of General Survey. The data analysis was accomplished using
SPSS version 20.0 for Windows. The General linear Model (MANCOVA) was
conducted to determine the mean scores of various domains among
different categories of staffs from the hospital. Results: The scores
were 13.12, 14.85 and 26.80 for high emotional exhaustion, cynicism and
professional efficacy, respectively in the hospital. There were no
differences in the levels of emotional exhaustion between participants
from different categories. The cynicism score for the doctors and
medical assistants was statistically significantly higher than
attendants (p=0.044), partial η2=0.082 indicating a moderate to strong
association. There were no significant differences detected in the mean
scores between staffs from different categories for professional
efficacy domain with p=0.056 and partial η2=0.059. Conclusions: Adoption
based on fourth edition calculation of Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual
had demonstrated lower levels of burnout compared to third edition of
previous studies.
Long-term cardiac assessment in a sample of adolescent-onset anorexia nervosa
Authors: Flamarique Itziar , Vidal Bárbara , Plana Maria Teresa , Andrés-Perpiñá Susana , Gárriz Miguel , Sanchez Paula , Pajuelo Carolina , Girbau Luis Mont , Castro-Fornieles Josefina
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To study cardiac structural and functional abnormalities some
20 years after initial treatment in a sample of adolescent-onset
anorexia nervosa (A-AN) and to compare them with matched healthy
controls (HC). Methods: A sample of 29 women diagnosed and treated for
AN during adolescence (A-AN) were assessed more than 20 years later. A
complete cardiac evaluation was carried out including an
electrocardiogram (ECG) and a standard 2D echocardiography. Thirty
matched HC were also assessed. Results: In the A-AN group, four subjects
had a body mass index lower than 18.5 and met full DSM 5 criteria for AN
at follow-up (Low-Weight group). They were compared with the rest of the
sample (n=25) who had normalized their weight (Normal-Weight group),
though some still showed some eating disorder symptoms. Both groups were
compared with the HC group. Subjects in the Low-Weight group presented
statistically significant decreases in the left ventricular
end-diastolic and left atrium dimensions and left ventricular mass in
comparison with the Normal-Weight group and the HC. No other differences
in cardiac parameters were found between groups. Conclusions
Echocardiographic and ECG parameters of adults who had presented A-AN
twenty years earlier and currently maintained normal weight were similar
to those of HC who had never been treated or diagnosed with AN. Adult
subjects with A-AN who still had low weight in the long term present
certain cardiac abnormalities similar to those seen in short-lasting
disease. More studies are needed to confirm these results in a larger
sample.
Psychological programs to improve the life quality and psychosocial behavior of pediatric cancer patients
Authors: Liuhong Wu , Zhang Lian , Wang Juan , Que Yi , Sun Feifei , Zhu Jia , Lu Su-Ying , Huang Junting , Zhen Zijun , Zhang Yizhuo , Cai Ruiqing
Published: January 2024

Background: Emerging evidence exhibited the importance of life quality
of children with pediatric cancers and their parents. The child patients
generally have poor life quality and pyschological status under the
intensive comprehensive therapies. Procedure: The cultural and
psychological program named Ward School Program (WSP) may ease the
psychological stress for the child patients. The purpose of this study
is to systemically evaluate the impact of the WSP on the quality of life
and psychological behavior of children with pediatric cancers. We
evaluated the life quality and negative emotions of the children and
their parents individually. Results: 46 child patients and their parents
have accepted the invitation. compared to the occasional participation
group (OP), the WSP has significantly improved the life quality
satisfaction, enhanced self-conception, and promoted learning ability
and attitude of the In-depth participation group (IDP), while their
parents have different opinions. The parents believe that the WSP could
significantly improve children’s personality problems and relieve
children’s anxiety, but it has not much help on their learning skills,
it indicated that it is necessary to enhance communication between
parents and children for better understanding of each other. Conclusion:
The WSP have postive effects on the improvement of life quality and
pyschosocial behaviors for the children with pediatric cancers.
NGR-modified PEG-PLGA Micelles Containing Shikonin Enhance Targeting of Dendritic Cells for Therapy of Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Liu Chengcheng , Qi Wenwen , Teng Zhenxiao , Xu Runtong , Xi Yue , Qin Yiming , Wu Xinhao , Zhu Fangyuan , Xu Fenglei , Shi Lei , Zhao Miaoqing , Xia Ming
Published: January 2024

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory disease
of the nasal mucosa related with Th2 lymphocyte. Dendritic cells (DCs)
have been considered to play an important role in the development and
maintenance of AR. But the particular therapies specifically targeting
DC are still lacking in clinic. Shikonin (SHI) is a natural
naphthoquinone compound isolated from the Chinese herb Radix Arnebiae.
It is reported that SHI can inhibit the phenotype and function of DCs,
so we speculate that SHI may be an effective drug for the treatment of
AR. However, the clinical usage of SHI has been limited by the bioactive
properties of poor solubility, short retention time and low
bioavailability. Therefore, in order to better exert the
anti-inflammatory effect of SHI, an efficient SHI delivery system is
urgently needed. Methods: we prepared and characterized SHI-PM
and NGR-SHI-PM with the thin-film hydration method. Retrodialysis method
was employed to determine the release behavior. We took
immunofluorescence to investigate the expression of CD13 in vitro. Then
we tested BM-DCs mature cell detection by flow cytometry. An allergic
rhinosinusitis murine model, hematoxylin and eosin stain and flow
cytometry were established to detect the anti-inflammatory efficiency in
vivo. At last, western blot analysis and plasmid construction and
transfection assay were taken to reveal the molecular mechanisms.
Results: In the present study, we revealed that NGR-modifified
could strengthen the intracellular uptake of PM and CD13 was high
expressed on mature BM-DCs. NGR-modified could enhance the inhibition of
SHI in vitro. NGR-modifified could increase the distribution of PM in
vivo by DiI fluorescently. NGR-modified could enhance SHI anti-allergic
activity in OVA-sensitized mice and enhance the inhibition of SHI on DC
maturation in lymph node. Our findings also suggest that SHI may have
the inhibitory effect on AR through NF-κB pathway by targeting PARP.
Conclusions: In summary, we have shown that NGR-PM-SHI may
provide a promising platform for improving targeted therapy AR both in
vitro and in vivo through the NF-κB pathway by targeting PARP and could
be a novel strategy for treating allergic rhinitis.
Two-dimensional π-π conjugated hybrid material PEDOT/graphene catalyzed cathode for zinc-air battery
Authors: Li Jing , Xu Feng , xiang wenjuan , Ma Jinfu
Published: January 2024

The development of highly active and stable metal-free
non-platinum-group metal electrocatalysts (Non-PGMs) for the oxygen
reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for metal-air batteries. Herein, a
two-dimensional (2D) planar conjugated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxothiophene)
(PEDOT)/reduced graphene oxide(rGO) (P-rGO) hybrid materials with pure
monolayer structure was synthesized. A series of physical and
electrochemical characterization indicate that the PEDOT embedded in rGO
increases the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) and structural
defects, the exposed specific surface area promotes the adsorption of
O2, the active sites facilitate the ORR kinetics, and the -
conjugation between PEDOT and rGO affects the performance of P-rGO. In
addition, the P-rGO outperforms a commercial 20wt% Pt/C in zinc-air
battery (ZAB) with higher power density and stability, suggesting that
the P-rGO has excellent overall performances enhances in the catalytic
activity, long-term stability toward ORR. This study provides a novel
avenue for development of metal free ORR catalysts.
Evaluation of the patients with hematologic malignancies and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A single center retrospective study
Authors: Tehrani Hamed Azhdari , Ramezaninejad Soodeh , Mardani Masoud , Shokouhi Shervin , Darnahal Maryam , Hakamifard Atousa
Published: January 2024

Introduction: One of the most important risk factor for COVID-19
infection is malignancy especially hematologic ones. Focusing on the
clinical, radiological and laboratory characteristics of COVID-19
infected cancer patients remain largely important. Materials and
Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed the data of 194
patients with hematologic malignancy and COVID-19 pneumonia. We
categorized patients based on the type of the hematologic malignancy and
phase of the treatment. All associated and important laboratory data
including complete blood count, pro-inflammatory markers, and
computerized tomography scan findings were reported to assess the risk
factors associated mortality. Results: From January 2020 to March 2021,
a total of 194 COVID-19 infected patients with hematologic malignancies
were included in different phase of treatments. Median age was 44
(15-81) years. 135 of the cases were male and 59 of the cases were
female. Acute myeloid leukemia was the most frequent cancer type
(43.8%). A total of 119 patients had severe COVID-19 and 61 patients
were admitted to intensive care unit. A total of 92 deaths occurred
among all cases for an overall case fatality rate of 47%. Male gender
(P=0.03), pre-induction and induction phase of the treatment
(P<0.001), Intensive care unit admission (P<0.001),
low level of oxygen saturation at the onset of COVID-19 disease
(P<0.001) and high level of fibrinogen (P=0.002) were
associated with COVID-19 mortality among patients with hematologic
malignancies. Conclusion: The results of this study showed male gender,
pre-induction and induction phase of the treatment, Intensive care
admission, low levels of oxygen saturation at the onset of COVID-19
disease, RH positivity and higher fibrinogen level were associated with
the risk of death. Identification of factors potentially associated with
mortality for cancer patients are important in assessment strategy in
these high risk group.
Factors Associated with discontinuing four Antenatal Care standard visits in Musanze: A facility & community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: NIZEYIMANA Fidele , SINGIRANKABO Vital , MUTABAZI Placide , Muhammad Akram , Fikry Elbossaty Walaa
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine factors contributing to low level of attending
the recommended four ANC visits. Design: The study was cross-sectional
Setting: The study was quantitative and was conducted in Musanze health
center and in its radiation zone. Data was collected using
interview-administered questionnaire. Sample: The study enrolled 8
health providers and 67 lactating mothers who visited ANC service in
2018 and did not completed four ANC standard visits. Methods: The study
adopted a stratified convenience method. All lactating mothers who did
not completed four ANC visits participated in the research. Main outcome
measures: The health providers who work in ANC services do not create
awareness of importance of completing the four visits, do not support
the husband to help a wife and urge her to complete the visits. Results:
The study finds that 51% of the interviewed mothers did two ANC visits
and 40% who did three ANC visits, 36% of the responded thought that 2
or 3 visits are enough, 21% delivered before the last appointment, 37%
of nurses responded that the cause of discontinuance of four ANC is due
to the mothers lie ANC service provider on the gestalt age. Conclusion:
Factors proved to contribute to the discontinuance of four antenatal
care standard visits include lack of awareness on the role of completing
four ANC, believe of mothers, ignalence, lack of use of gravidomètre to
guess gestalt age, lie on the last date of amenhorea. Findings: Authors’
fees
Smart Janus Membrane for On-Demand Separation of Oil, Bacteria, Dye, and Metal Ions from Complex Wastewater
Authors: Hu Jietao , Zhu Mingning , Gui Lishuang , Liu Kuiliang , Chen Ya , Wang Xiaopan , Lin Jing
Published: January 2024

Oil spills and industrial and household oily wastewater discharge cause
environmental and economic concerns. Emerging Janus membranes have
generated widespread interest as next-generation oil/water separation
membranes with anisotropic wettability because of their specific,
on-demand separation ability. However, the one-step separation of
complex wastewater remains to be achieved. Herein, a pH-responsive
modified polystyrene microspheres/zinc oxide/carbon
nanotubes/polyvinylidene fluoride (S/PS/ZnO/CNTs/PVDF) membrane is
rationally designed with Janus surfaces for hydrophilicity/underwater
lipophobicity and lipophilicity/underoil hydrophobicity. This study
demonstrates that the underlying mechanism of on-demand water-in-oil and
oil-in-water emulsion separation is related to wettability, adhesive
force, and intrusion pressure. The Janus membrane can achieve one-step
separation of complex wastewater comprising oil, bacteria, organic dye,
and metal ions. The effective removal of dyes is due to synergistic
effects of electrostatic adsorption and photodegradation. This facile
strategy for construction of a smart Janus separation membrane has
application potential in on-demand oil/water separation and practical
complex wastewater separation
In vitro assessment of elevated soil iron on germinability and germination characteristics of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench after chemo-priming.
Authors: Olise Ogochukwu , Ikhajiagbe Beckley , Onawo Owalum
Published: January 2024

The commercial importance of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) has
attracted breeders to increase its seed yield using various breeding
approach. Adverse soil factors however hampered progress made in crop
development, especially micronutrient toxicity. Plant growth stimulators
(PGS) have a significant role in enhancing growth parameters in Sorghum.
In the present study, seeds were primed in 50, 150, and 250 ppm of each
of gibberellic acid, indole acetic acid, and ascorbic acid respectively
for 1 hr before sowing in Petri dishes moistened with 10 ml of the
iron-rich solution obtained as filtrate from a mix of distilled water
and ferruginous soil (1:1 v/w). Results showed that although germination
percentage in ferruginous medium was significantly reduced, there was
enhancement in germination percentage when the seeds were primed in
gibberellic acid (GA). Germinability in the iron-rich medium was 31.2
hrs; this was significantly reduced to 19.6 – 21.1hrs when these seeds
were primed with growth stimulators. Although shoot length was
significantly reduced in plants exposed to ferruginous solutions, the
root parameters were however enhanced. They were no significant changes
in the total number of root branches regardless of ferrugenic status or
use of growth stimulating agents. The utilization of growth stimulators
as priming agents is called for to reduce stress impacts imposed by
ferruginous soils during germination.
Ageing varies greatly within a single genus: evidence from Rhododendrons in botanic gardens
Authors: Baden Heide , Colchero Fernando , Cubey Robert , Dahlgren Johan
Published: January 2024

There is mounting evidence that age matters in plant demography, but
also indications of that relationships between age and demographic rates
may vary significantly among species. Age-based plant demographic data,
however, is difficult to collect, and still lacking for most species. We
used individual birth and death records for twelve Rhododendron species
from botanical gardens and Bayesian survival trajectory analysis to
assess how mortality changes with age and whether differences between
species are related to ancestral environmental conditions. We found
substantial among-species variation in age-trajectories of mortality, no
clear relationships between demographic measures and ancestral habitat,
but statistically significant differences among taxonomic groups. We
conclude that demographic consequences of ageing can differ remarkably,
even among species in the same genus, but that causes of this variation
are still unclear. Furthermore, we suggest there is untapped potential
in using botanic garden records in future studies on plant life history.
BRUCELLOSIS: AN OVERVIEW ABOUT THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, COMPLICATIONS, AND MANAGEMENT OF THE NEGLECTED ZOONOTIC DISEASE
Authors: Vijay Vani , Abhinandh B , K Arya G , U Amrutha V , Vijayan Meenu
Published: January 2024

Brucellosis is an age-old most common zoonotic disease having global
distribution, and the disease affects people of all age groups and
gender. The disease which is associated with protean manifestation
causes a lot of morbidity and loss of man-hours which results in
significant economic loss. Brucellosis can be often misdiagnosed as
pyrexia of unknown origin due to the similarity in clinical
manifestations. The impact of the disease in low-income populations, as
well as the economy, raises the importance to study the disease in
detail. The World Health Organization (WHO) classified brucellosis as
one of the world’s leading neglected zoonotic diseases because of the
burden that the infection places, especially on low-income countries.
The article provides a brief outlook into the major aspects of
brucellosis disease.
Violence among pregnant women is a potential risk factor for low birth weight in full-term neonates: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wu shiow-Ing , n Wei-Szu Li , Lin Ching-Heng , Chang Hsiu-Yuan
Published: January 2024

Objective To examine whether the risk of low birth weight stratified by
preterm and term deliveries was different between pregnant women exposed
or unexposed to violence. Design A population-based retrospective cohort
study. Population Four national databases in Taiwan were linked for
analysis. Method A total of 1,322 subjects associated with a report of
domestic violence during pregnancy were compared with 485,981 subjects
without any record of reported domestic violence. Results The percentage
of low birth weight in the group exposed to domestic violence was
significantly higher than in the unexposed group with full-term delivery
(48.6% vs. 46.7%, P=0.001), while there was no statistically
significant difference with preterm delivery. Multivariable logistic
regression analysis showed that pregnant women exposed to domestic
violence had an OR of 1.37 (95% CI: 10.5, 1.79) for low birth weight in
full-term delivery; however, domestic violence was not significantly
associated with low birth weight in preterm delivery. Conclusions Women
whose full-term neonate had low birth weight should be high-priority
targets for domestic violence screening in the perinatal health care
system.
The dynamics of NO3- and NH4+ uptake in duckweed are coordinated with the expression of major nitrogen assimilation genes
Authors: Zhou Yuzhen , Kishchenko Olena , Stepanenko Anton , Chen Guimin , Wang Wei , Zhou Jie , Pan Chaozhi , Borisjuk Nikolai
Published: January 2024

Duckweed plants play important roles in aquatic ecosystems worldwide.
They rapidly accumulate biomass and have potential uses in
bioremediation of water polluted by fertilizer runoff or other
chemicals. Here we studied the assimilation of two major sources of
inorganic nitrogen, nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+), in six duckweed
species: Spirodela polyrhiza, Landoltia punctata, Lemna aequinoctialis,
Lemna turionifera, Lemna minor, and Wolffia globosa. All six duckweed
species preferred NH4+ over NO3- and started using NO3- only when NH4+
was depleted. Using the available genome sequence, we analyzed the
molecular structure and expression of eight key nitrogen assimilation
genes in S. polyrhiza. The expression of genes encoding nitrate
reductase and nitrite reductase increased about 10-fold when NO3- was
supplied and decreased when NH4+ was supplied. NO3- and NH4+ induced the
glutamine synthetase (GS) genes GS1;2 and the GS2 by 2- to 5-fold, but
repressed GS1;1 and GS1;3. NH4+ and NO3- upregulated the genes encoding
ferredoxin- and NADH-dependent glutamate synthases (Fd-GOGAT and
NADH-GOGAT). A survey of nitrogen assimilation gene promoters suggested
complex regulation, with major roles for NRE-like and GAATC/GATTC
cis-elements, TATA-based enhancers, (GA/CT)n repeats, and G-quadruplex
structures. These results will inform efforts to improve bioremediation
and nitrogen use efficiency.
Free-roaming dogs in a Patagonian city: their distribution and intestinal helminths in relation to socioeconomic aspects of neighborhoods
Authors: Flores Verónica , Viozzi Gustavo , Rauque Carlos , Mujica Guillermo , Herrero Eduardo , Ballari Sebastián A. , Ritossa Luciano , Miori Gabriela , Garibotti Gilda , Zacharias Daniela G. , Treuque Judith , Reissig Elizabeth Chang , Vázquez Gabriela , Pierangeli Nora , Lazzarini Lorena
Published: January 2024

Summary Human and dog health are inextricably linked, and
although our relationship with dogs brings numerous benefits for our
well-being , it is known that they can transmit disease.
Bariloche is a Patagonian tourist city with heterogeneous social
composition. This study evaluates the population of free-roaming dogs
and their intestinal parasites in relation to the socioeconomic level of
the city’s human population. Census areas were used as survey units,
stratified in three levels according to socioeconomic status. The
free-roaming dog population was estimated by walking around each census
area. Eight fresh feces per census count area were collected and
analyzed using coproparasitological flotation tests, and CoproELISA was
used to detect Echinococcus sp. A total of 858 free-roaming dogs
were registered along 40.9 km, with significant differences between
socioeconomic strata: the highest numbers were found in the lowest
income strata. Of the feces collected, 39.2% tested positive for
parasites, those associated with a lower socioeconomic level having
higher percentages of positive feces and a greater number of species.
Eight species of helminths were found, some of which were zoonotic, such
as Echinococcus sp., Toxocaracanis, and
Dibothriocephalus latus. The presence of parasites can be
explained by dog size and the number of free-roaming dogs per block. The
free-roaming dogs generally have owners, and their parasitic infection
is strongly associated with the socioeconomic level of the population.
The main problem is irresponsible pet care, which generates bad
conditions for both dogs and humans. Thus, both dogs and humans deserve
effective and ethical public policies.
Hydroalcoholic extract of Centella asiatica ameliorate on 3-nitropropionic acid induced Huntington's like symptoms in adult zebrafish
Authors: Kumar Vishal , Singh Charan , Singh Arti
Published: January 2024

Aim: Present study is design to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic
extract of Centella asiatica (HA-CA) in 3-nitro propionic acid induced
Huntington’s disease in adult zebrafish. Material and method: In current
study, adult zebrafish (approximately 5-6 months old), weighing from
470-530 mg were used and treated with 3-NP (5 mg/kg i.p). The animals
received HA-CA (80, and 100 mg/l) daily up to twenty eight days in
water. Tetrabenazine (TBZ) (3 mg/kg i.p.) was used as standard drug. The
body weight and behavior were performed before 3-NP administration on
every 4th day. Then animal were sacrificed for biochemical analysis
using UV-spectrophotometer. Inflammatory markers were measured by using
zebrafish ELISA kits. Neuronal damage in the brain was examined by using
Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results: 3-NP treated zebrafish
showed marked reduction in body weight, cognition, and locomotion
activity accompanied by progressive striatal dysfunction. HA-CA treated
group significantly reversed 3-NP induced increase level of LPO, AChEs,
Nitrite, and decrease level of GSH. Administration of HA-CA (80, 100
mg/l) significantly ameliorates 3-NP induced alteration in body weight
and behavior, restored antioxidant enzymes level, decrease ROS
production and neuroinflammation. HA-CA significantly decreases TNF-α,
and IL-1β levels in the brain. Moreover, HA-CA significantly reversed
3-NP induced neuronal loss in the brain. Conclusion: HA-CA exhibits
protective effect against 3-NP induced decrease locomotor activity,
increase in oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal loss in HD
model of zebrafish, which is associated with its antioxidant activity.
Keywords: 3-nitropropionic acid, Centella asiatica, oxidative stress,
neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation, zebrafish
The evolution of POP surgery via vaginal access in high-volume referral centre in Russia: the way from XL to XS mesh
Authors: Shkarupa Dmitry , Kubin Nikita , Shulgin Andrey , Kovalev Gleb , Labetov Ivan
Published: January 2024

Background The use of large vaginal meshes for the treatment of pelvic
organ prolapse (POP) in combination with poor surgical experience are
the dominating risk factors for serious postoperative complications. The
main goal of this study is not only to select a safe and effective
method of POP surgery, but also to form a standardized teamwork
algorithm aimed at diagnosing, treating and postoperative management of
patients with subsequent monitoring of their condition. Methods A
retrospective study of 5031 medical history was used to evaluate the
effectiveness of the quality improvement intervention. We evaluated the
following indicators: type of surgery performed, duration of surgery,
duration of postoperative bed-day. Interventions From 2012 to 2019,
seven types of surgical techniques with the use of the mesh material
were consistently used, differing in the volume of the implanted mesh
material, the presence and type of simultaneous native tissue
reconstructive surgery, the method of mesh fixation and the number of
fixation points. Results Patients who underwent technique number “7”
showed the highest result in the mean scores (33±15 scores PISQ12, 51±30
scores PFDI20) of the questionnaires, which was statistically
significant in comparison with other techniques (p<0,001). The
number of postoperative complications were statistically significantly
higher in techniques “1” to “6” compared to “7”
(p<0.001). There was no difference in supportation rate
between all techniques (p=0.12). Conclusions Three-level hybrid pelvic
floor reconstruction is a safe and effective procedure that can be
replicated in any hospital with the appropriate skill level of the
surgeo
Re: Effectiveness of hypertonic saline nebulization in airway clearance in children with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a randomized control trial
Authors: Valji Rafiaa , Mehta Rahul , Hicks Anne
Published: January 2024

This first RCT of hypertonic saline use in pediatric non-CF
bronchiectasis patients uses a cross over design and demonstrates an
improvement in predicted FEV1 and FVC. Limitations include lack of
blinding and risk of information bias, as well as reduced precision due
to absence of within subject comparisons.
Idiosyncratic metronidazole-induced neutropaenia in an older adult
Authors: Hosack Tom , Mandal Amit , Griffiths Cameron , Missouris Constantinos
Published: January 2024

Metronidazole has a benign side effect profile during normal therapeutic
use. An 84-year-old woman presented with recurrence of Clostridium
difficile infection (CDI). She had received oral vancomycin 5 weeks ago
and was prescribed oral metronidazole. There was progressive
neutropaenia from day 1 of treatment. Metronidazole was stopped on day 8
and vancomycin was prescribed. Causality assessment via Naranjo
algorithm demonstrated a probable adverse effect (8/10) in favour of
metronidazole. Very severe neutropaenia on day 16 prompted
administration of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) for 72
hours. This resulted in transient neutrophilia which confirmed bone
marrow integrity and supported a diagnosis of drug-induced
myelosuppression. The neutrophil count slowly recovered to normal levels
after 4 weeks. To our knowledge, this is the 4th report of metronidazole
induced severe neutropenia (levels <1 x10⁹/L). Unlike previous
reports, we confirmed bone marrow integrity using GCSF. Unique to our
case are the degree of neutrophil suppression and slow recovery of
marrow function with a reversed neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio for
>21 days.
On-site applicable flat anti-adhesion coatings
Authors: Zhang Yichun , Wen Jinxiong , Zhang Zhenqiang , Xin Ting , Yu Danfeng , Xu Xiubin , Wu Xu , Yao Qichao , Fan Jiangli , Peng Xiaojun
Published: January 2024

Anti-adhesion surfaces capable of repelling various liquids would have
broad technological implications. However, the on-site application of
such surfaces has been limited by the need for complex processes and
extra equipment. Here we have created a solvent-free mixture containing
miscible silicon precursors, which can be readily sprayed, dipped, or
painted onto virtually any substrate to prepare flat anti-adhesion
coatings. By embedding the lubricating silicon segments on surfaces via
the novel synergetic reactions that spontaneously occur at room
temperature, we can fabricate coatings that are readily applicable
on-site to cover large objects, and which offer excellent repellency
against various liquids (water, hydrocarbons, crude oil, and oily-ink)
as well as viscoelastic and sticky adhesives. These coatings are
transparent, flexible, and durable. We believe these coatings can be
utilized in many commercial and residential situations to address a wide
range of undesirable interfacial adhesion issues such as smudge, drag,
and blockage.
Wellen's syndrome in a Rare Variant of Single Coronary Artery
Authors: Shree Shilpa , Palanisamy Vijayanand , Lakshmi Pusarla Naga Sai , Vajjiram Vasanthi , Sagar Pramod , Sathiaraj Antony
Published: January 2024

Coronary artery anomalies, a rare entity, are usually asymptomatic and
are diagnosed incidentally. Anomalous origin of the right coronary
artery from the left anterior descending artery is a rare variation of
the single coronary artery anomaly. Wellen’s sign occurs due to either
critical stenosis in the proximal left anterior descending artery or
coronary steal phenomenon. Here we report a case of a 57-year-old
gentleman where these phenomena contributed together leading to Wellen’s
syndrome due to anomalous origin of the right coronary artery. He
underwent successful coronary artery bypass grafting for triple vessel
coronary artery disease.
Protective Effects of Cherry Laurel Molasses Against CCl4 Toxicity in The Brain and Kidney
Authors: Genç Fatma , Keskin Arif
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Cherry laurel, locally called “karayemiş” or “taflan,”
is grown and consumed in Turkey, especially in the Eastern Black Sea
region. In addition, it is used as a traditional medicine in the
treatment of various diseases. The present study aimed to investigate
the protective effect of cherry laurel molasses against oxidative damage
of the brain and kidney induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats.
Methods: A total of 18 adult male Wistar albino rats weighing
approximately 250–300 g were used in the present study. The rats were
divided into 3 groups: control, CCl4-treated, and CCl4-treated + cherry
laurel molasses (2 mL). Cherry laurel molasses was applied as a gavage
for 21 days following a single-dose CCl4 injection. The neuroprotective
and nephroprotective effects of cherry laurel molasses were evaluated by
measuring lipid peroxidation, antioxidant parameters, and nitric oxide
(NOx) levels using spectrophotometry. Results: Malondialdehyde (MDA) and
NOx levels (p<0.05) were increased, and superoxide dismutase
(SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) activities were decreased
(p<0.05), in the brain and kidney tissue of the rats in the
CCl4-treated group as compared with those in the control group. Cherry
laurel molasses administration (CCl4-treated + cherry laurel molasses
group) resulted in a significant reduction in the MDA and NOx levels
(p<0.05), and a significant increase in the SOD, GSH, and CAT
activities (p<0.05), in the brain and kidney tissues as
compared with the CCL4-treated group. Conclusion: Cherry laurel molasses
administration has a protective effect against the oxidative damage
caused by CCl4 in the brain and kidney tissue of rats.
FEVER IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: ASSOCIATED CLINICAL FEATURES AND GENETIC FACTORS.
Authors: Ceccarelli Fulvia , Olivieri Giulio , Perricone Carlo , Ciccacci Cinzia , Pirone Carmelo , Natalucci Francesco , Spinelli Francesca Romana , Alessandri Cristiano , Borgiani Paola , Conti Fabrizio
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Fever has been recently included in the new 2019 EULAR/ACR
classification criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Thus, we
investigated the possible association of fever with other clinical
disease manifestations. Secondly, we analyzed a panel of 30 SNPs to
verify their possible contribution to the pathogenesis of this
constitutional symptom. Methods: In this retrospective study we
collected clinical/laboratory features in a SLE cohort, including the
occurrence of fever (body temperature >37.5°C, excluding
infective etiology). A phenotype-genotype correlation analysis was
carried out. Results: We evaluated 167 patients (M/F 12/155, median age
at the disease diagnosis 30 years, IQR 17; median disease duration 240
months, IQR 156). Seventy patients (41.9%) reported fever,
significantly associated with: serositis and hematological
manifestations (p=0.02 and p=0.00001, respectively). A significant
association between fever and leukopenia (p=0.0029), hemolytic anemia
(p=0.04), and thrombocytopenia (p=0.03) was observed. In addition,
significantly higher median SDI values were observed in patients with
fever in comparison with those without [2 (IQR 3) vs 1 (IQR 2); p=
0.005). The genotype/phenotype analysis showed an association between
fever and IRGM rs13361189 (p=0.003; OR 3.89, CI 1.16-13.03), confirmed
also in multivariate logistic regression analysis (p=0.028, r=1.39).
Conclusions: We identified a specific disease phenotype characterized by
fever, hematological manifestations, serositis, and more severe chronic
damage. Moreover, we found the association between IRGM rs13361189
polymorphism and the occurrence of inflammatory fever, potentially
providing new insights into the role of genetic background in the
pathogenesis of SLE-related fever.
Long noncoding RNA H19 promotes leukocyte inﬂammation in ischaemic stroke by targeting the miR-29b/C1QTNF6 axis
Authors: Li Guangwen , Ma Xiaoqing , Zhao Haiping , Fan Junfen , Liu Tianwei , Luo Yumin , Guo Yunliang
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose Inflammatory processes induced by leukocytes are
crucially involved in the pathophysiology of acute ischemic stroke. This
study aimed to elucidate the inflammatory mechanism of long non-coding
RNA (lncRNA) H19-mediated regulation of C1QTNF6 by sponging miR-29b in
leukocytes during ischemic stroke. Experimental Approach H19 and miR-29b
expression in leukocytes of patients with ischemic stroke and middle
cerebral artery occlusion rats was measured through real-time PCR.
Moreover, we performed in vivo and in vitro experiments to determine the
impact of H19 and miR-29b on C1QTNF6 expression in leukocytes after
ischemic injury. Key Results There was H19 and C1QTNF6 upregulation, as
well as miR-29b downregulation, in neutrophils of patients with stroke.
Moreover, miR-29b could bind C1QTNF6 mRNA to repress its expression
while H19 could sponge miR-29b to maintain C1QTNF6 expression. Moreover,
C1QTNF6 overexpression promoted the release of IL-1β and TNF-α in
leukocytes and further exacerbates blood-brain barrier disruption.
Conclusion and Implications Our findings confirm the
inflammation-modulatory effect of the H19/miR-29b/C1QTNF6 axis on
cerebral ischemic injury.
Molecular informatics indicates better binding-energetic of Delta variant (B.1.617.2) with ACE2 than wild, D614G or N501Y CoV-2 is fully blocked by 84 amino-acid cut of wild CoV-2 spike.
Authors: Santra Dipannita , Banerjee Amrita , Maiti Smarajit
Published: January 2024

The B.1.617.2 known as Delta-variant harbored diverse Spike-mutations.
It is more transmissible than other (wild/D614G/N501Y) with developed
immune-evasion mechanism. Currently, the binding-affinity of these
variant spikes with human lung-ACE2 was evaluated aiming at some
preventive/therapeutic strategies. Structure of spike-variants were
retrieved from PDB/GISAID and used for homology-modeling (SWISS-MODEL).
Different combination of spike-ACE2 binding 1:1 or competitive
blind-docking was performed using Haddock2.4 web-server. After
screening, two cut-segments (84 amino-acid of wild-spike, 432-516 Cut1
and Cut2, an in-silico desired-mutation T500S in Cut1) were tested
(Swiss-model Expasy-server) as blocker/inhibitor of spike-variants
(PyMOL-V2.2.2). Results explored the molecular-basis and energetic of
Delta binding-affinity to ACE2 is far more than others. The numbers of
H-bonding with their average-length, bonding-energy, Van-Der-Walls
energy, Haddock-score were highly favorable for more stable-binding of
Delta-RBD. The Ramachandran-plot (Zlab/UMassMed Bioinfo) data supports a
post-binding stable structural-complex. The best Haddock scores of
-120.8 +/- 2.6 were observed for Delta with Van-Der-Walls and
electrostatic-energy of -62.9 and -208.7, respectively with highest
binding-affinity (ΔG) of -10.7 kcal/mol. Its THR500 and GLN506 strongly
bind with ACE2 LYS353. The Delta-ACE2 complex showed 5 H-bond
(1.7Å-2.8Å) interactions. The Cut1 and its mutant T500S; Cut2 completely
blocked Delta-spike binding to ACE2 with ΔG -8.4 and -10.6 kcal/mol,
respectively. But during competition between 2 Cuts, Cut1 showed better
results. Bioinformatics/molecular-modeling is an emerging field for
screening of some drug/therapeutic targets from numerous options
minimizing time and expenses. Present data unraveled the molecular-basis
of higher affinity of Delta-spike to ACE2 and its
therapeutic-strategies. Laboratory experimental outcome will help for
further validation.
Quality indicators and outcomes in colorectal cancer
Authors: Quintana Jose M. , Anton Ane , Lazaro Santiago , Gonzalez Nerea , Baré Marisa , Larrea-Baz Nerea Fernández de , Redondo Maximino , Escobar Antonio , Sarasqueta Cristina , GARCIA-GUTIERREZ SUSANA , Aguirre-Larracoechea Urko , Briones Eduardo
Published: January 2024

Aims. Some quality indicators of proper health care in patients with
colorectal cancer have been established. Our goal was to evaluate the
outcomes of performing certain procedures or treatments, included as
quality indicators, in the follow-up of colorectal cancer patients.
Methods. This was a prospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with
colorectal cancer who underwent surgery and were followed at 1, 2, 3 and
5 years. CT scanning, colonoscopy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were
evaluated in relation to various clinical outcomes and PROM changes over
five years. Multivariable generalized linear mixed models were used to
evaluate their effect on mortality, complications, recurrence, and PROM
changes (HAD, EQ-5D, EORTC-Q30) at the next follow-up. Results. CT
scanning or colonoscopy was related to a decrease in the risk of dying,
while chemotherapy at a specified moment was related to an increased
risk. In the case of recurrence, CT scanning and chemotherapy showed
statistically increased the risk, while all the procedures and
treatments influenced complications. Regarding PROM scales, CT scanning,
colonoscopy and radiotherapy showed statistically significant results
with respect to an increase in anxiety and decrease in quality of life
measured by the EORTC. However, undergoing radiotherapy at a specified
moment increased depression levels, and overall, receiving radiotherapy
decreased the quality of life of the patients, as measured by the
EuroQol-5d. Conclusions. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors,
comorbidities and severity of the disease, performing certain quality
indicators of proper health care in patients with colorectal cancer was
related to less mortality but higher adverse outcomes.
Do we still need X-rays to ablate atrial fibrillation? A novel zero-fluoroscopy workflow
Authors: Bertini Matteo , Malagù Michele , Fiorio Alessio , Balla Cristina , Vitali Francesco , Rapezzi Claudio
Published: January 2024

In atrial fibrillation (AF) procedures, fluoroscopy remains the main
technology used to guide the transseptal puncture. We present a workflow
to perform a zero-fluoroscopy ablation procedure of both paroxysmal and
persistent AF using a 3D electro anatomical mapping (EAM) system,
intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) and a novel steerable guiding sheath
that can be visualized on the mapping system. We present two case
reports during which we applied this novel workflow achieving a
successful pulmonary vein isolation without complications and
zero-fluoroscopy exposure.
Large-scale production of Au nanoparticles as medical antibiotics
Authors: Meng Hongyu , Cheng Shiyu , BALACHANDRAN Yekkuni , Zhang Wei , Jiang Xingyu
Published: January 2024

Here we present a process of producing AuNPs in large scale upon further
development of the bench scale experiment. We produce the AuNPs-based
medical dressing by using the dyeing and finishing machine. The AuNPs
and related products are very promising in medical applications.
Catalytic membrane nano reactor with Cu/ZnO in situ immobilized in membrane pores for methanol dehydrogenation
Authors: Wang Yilin , Fan Senqing , Xiao Zeyi , Mai Zenghui , Bai Ke , Chen Jiaojiao , Chen Yu , Liu Jingyun
Published: January 2024

A catalytic membrane nano reactor (CMNR) with deep-permeation
nanocomposite structure (DPNS) has been fabricated by flowing synthesis
for methanol dehydrogenation to formaldehyde. In this structure, Cu/ZnO
nanoparticles are in situ immobilized in the pores of Ti membrane
substrate. The characterization by XRD, TGA, XPS, SEM and TEM indicates
that the Cu/ZnO nanoparticles with mean size 82 nm was successfully
embedded into the membrane pores, and well distributed along the
thickness direction of the membrane. In the methanol dehydrogenation
reaction, for one sheet of membrane setting up, the selectivity of
formaldehyde 98%, the catalyst turnover frequency (TOF) 183
mmol·h·g, the pressure drop 2.7
kPa with gas permeating the membrane have been measured, under reaction
temperature 360 ℃, the gas flux 8
m·m·h through
the membrane.
Evidence-Based Practice in Return-to-Work Services for Workers on Sick Leave for Back Pain: Evaluation of a Quality Improvement Initiative using a Quasi-Experimental Design
Authors: Rolving Nanna , Poulsen Anne , Szygenda Morten , Stoltenborg Troels , Hubeishy Maja
Published: January 2024

Rationale, aims and objectives: We aimed to investigate whether a
quality improvement initiative, implementing evidence-based
return-to-work (RTW) services in a Danish job center, could reduce the
duration of sick leave and increase self-reported outcomes in citizens
on sick leave due to back pain. Method: The study was a quality
improvement (QI) study, conducted in a large municipality, using a
quasi-experimental prospective design. Citizens receiving sickness
benefits due to back pain were allocated either to a department
providing RTW services as usual or to the QI department. The QI
intervention included earlier timing of contact with citizens,
integrated collaboration between case managers and physiotherapists, and
workplace involvement in the RTW process. The QI intervention was
evaluated by measuring citizens’ rate of RTW, and their self-reported
disability, self-efficacy for RTW and fear-avoidance beliefs. Follow-up
varied from 3 to 15 months. Results: 324 citizens were included, of
which 134 were allocated to the QI group. Sociodemographic
characteristics of the QI and control groups were similar at baseline.
No difference was seen on rate of RTW, with a hazard ratio of 0.95 (P =
0.741). For self-reported outcomes, the QI group reported significantly
higher self-efficacy for RTW (P = 0.030), while there were no
differences between groups on disability and fear-avoidance beliefs.
Conclusions: The implementation of evidence-based practice in
RTW-services for citizens on sick leave due to back pain in a Danish
setting, did not have an effect on the rate of RTW, probably because the
workplace involvement and close collaboration between physiotherapists
and case managers at the job center had limited implementation success.
However, self-efficacy for RTW was significantly higher in the QI group
compared to the control group. The findings were confirmed in a per
protocol analysis.
Use of our Future Seas: Relevance of Spatial and Temporal Scale for Best Physical and Biological Indicators
Authors: Trifonova Neda , Scott Beth , Dominicis Michela De , Wolf Judith
Published: January 2024

There is about to be an abrupt step-change in the use of our coastal
seas, specifically by the addition of large-scale offshore renewable
energy developments to combat climate change. Many trade-offs will need
to be weighed up for the future sustainable management of marine
ecosystems between renewables and other uses (e.g., fisheries, marine
protected areas). Therefore, we need a much greater understanding of how
different marine habitats and ecosystems are likely to change with both
natural and anthropogenic transformations. This work will present a
synthesis of predictive non-mechanistic Bayesian approaches from
ecosystem level, through to fine scale mechanistic understanding of
foraging success by individual species, to identify accurate and
consistent physical (e.g., bottom temperature) and biological (e.g.,
chlorophyll-a) indicators of habitat and ecosystem change over the last
30 years within a well-studied shallow sea. These combined approaches
illuminate the feasibility of integrating knowledge across scales to be
able to address the spatio-temporal variability of biophysical
indicators to ultimately strengthen predictions of population changes at
ecosystem scales across broadly different habitat types. Such knowledge
will provide an effective baseline for more strategic and integrated
approaches to both monitoring studies and assessing anthropogenic
impacts to be used within marine spatial planning considerations.