bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indole Alkaloids of the Stigonematales (Cyanophyta): Chemical Diversity, Biosynthesis and Biological Activity
Authors: Walton Katherine , Berry John
Published: April 2016

The cyanobacteria are well recognized as producers of a wide array of bioactive metabolites including toxins, and potential drug candidates. However, a limited number of taxa are generally considered with respect to both of these aspects. That said, the order Stigonematales, although largely overlooked in this regard, has become increasingly recognized as a source of bioactive metabolites relevant to both human and environmental health. In particular, the hapalindoles and related indole alkaloids (i.e., ambiguines, fischerindoles, welwitindolinones) from the order, represent a diverse, and phylogenetically characteristic, class of secondary metabolites with biological activity suggestive of potential as both environmental toxins, and promising drug discovery leads. The present review gives an overview of the chemical diversity of biologically active metabolites from the Stigonematales—and particularly the so-called hapalindole-type alkaloids—including their biosynthetic origins, and their pharmacologically and toxicologically relevant bioactivities. Taken together, the current evidence suggests that these alkaloids, and the associated cyanobacterial taxa from the order, warrant future consideration as both potentially harmful (i.e., “toxic”) algae, and as promising leads for drug discovery.
The Fate of Trace Elements in Yanshan Coal during Fast Pyrolysis
Authors: Dang Jiatao , Xie Qiang , Liang Dingcheng , Wang Xin , Dong He , Cao Junya
Published: April 2016

In this study, a high-sulfur and high-ash yield coal sample obtained from the Yanshan coalfield in Yunnan, China was analyzed. A series of char samples was obtained by pyrolysis at various temperatures (300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 °C) and at a fast heating rate (1000 °C/min). A comprehensive investigation using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), a mercury analyzer, ion-selective electrode (ISE) measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed to reveal the effects of the pyrolysis temperature on the transformation behavior of trace elements (TEs) and the change in the mineralogical characteristics and functional groups in the samples. The results show that the TE concentrations in the raw coal are higher than the average contents of Chinese coal. The concentrations of Be, Li, and U in the char samples are higher than those in raw coal, while the opposite was observed for As, Ga, Hg, and Rb. The F and Se concentrations are initially higher but decrease with pyrolysis temperature, which is likely caused by associated fracturing with fluoride and selenide minerals. Uranium shows the highest enrichment degree, and Hg shows the highest volatilization degree compared to the other studied TEs. As the temperature increases, the number of OH groups decreases, and the mineral composition changes; for example, pyrite decomposes, while oldhamite and hematite occur in the chars. It is suggested that the behavior and fate of TEs in coal during fast pyrolysis are synergistically influenced by self-characteristic modes of occurrence and mineralogical characteristics.
Alternate-Day High-Fat Diet Induces an Increase in Mitochondrial Enzyme Activities and Protein Content in Rat Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Li Xi , Higashida Kazuhiko , Kawamura Takuji , Higuchi Mitsuru
Published: April 2016

Long-term high-fat diet increases muscle mitochondrial enzyme activity and endurance performance. However, excessive calorie intake causes intra-abdominal fat accumulation and metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an alternating day high-fat diet on muscle mitochondrial enzyme activities, protein content, and intra-abdominal fat mass in rats. Male Wistar rats were given a standard chow diet (CON), high-fat diet (HFD), or alternate-day high-fat diet (ALT) for 4 weeks. Rats in the ALT group were fed a high-fat diet and standard chow every other day for 4 weeks. After the dietary intervention, mitochondrial enzyme activities and protein content in skeletal muscle were measured. Although body weight did not differ among groups, the epididymal fat mass in the HFD group was higher than those of the CON and ALT groups. Citrate synthase and beta-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase activities in the plantaris muscle of rats in HFD and ALT were significantly higher than that in CON rats, whereas there was no difference between HFD and ALT groups. No significant difference was observed in muscle glycogen concentration or glucose transporter-4 protein content among the three groups. These results suggest that an alternate-day high-fat diet induces increases in mitochondrial enzyme activities and protein content in rat skeletal muscle without intra-abdominal fat accumulation.
Microcapsules Filled with a Palm Oil-Based Alkyd as Healing Agent for Epoxy Matrix
Authors: Shahabudin Nurshafiza , Yahya Rosiyah , Gan Seng
Published: April 2016

One of the approaches to prolong the service lifespan of polymeric material is the development of self-healing ability by means of embedded microcapsules containing a healing agent. In this work, poly(melamine-urea-formaldehyde) (PMUF) microcapsules containing a palm oil-based alkyd were produced by polymerization of melamine resin, urea and formaldehyde that encapsulated droplets of the suspended alkyd particles. A series of spherical and free-flowing microcapsules were obtained. The chemical properties of core and shell materials were characterized by Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed a glass transition around −15 °C due to the alkyd, and a melting temperature at around 200 °C due to the shell. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed that the core and shell thermally degraded within the temperature range of 200–600 °C. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) examination of the ruptured microcapsule showed smooth inner and rough outer surfaces of the shell. Flexural strength and microhardness (Vickers) of the cured epoxy compound were not affected with the incorporation of 1%–3% of the microcapsules. The viability of the healing reactions was demonstrated by blending small amounts of alkyd with epoxy and hardener at different ratios. The blends could readily cure to non-sticky hard solids at room temperature and the reactions could be verified by ATR-FTIR.
Truthful Incentive Mechanisms for Social Cost Minimization in Mobile Crowdsourcing Systems
Authors: Duan Zhuojun , Yan Mingyuan , Cai Zhipeng , Wang Xiaoming , Han Meng , Li Yingshu
Published: April 2016

With the emergence of new technologies, mobile devices are capable of undertaking computational and sensing tasks. A large number of users with these mobile devices promote the formation of the Mobile Crowdsourcing Systems (MCSs). Within a MCS, each mobile device can contribute to the crowdsourcing platform and get rewards from it. In order to achieve better performance, it is important to design a mechanism that can attract enough participants with mobile devices and then allocate the tasks among participants efficiently. In this paper, we are interested in the investigation of tasks allocation and price determination in MCSs. Two truthful auction mechanisms are proposed for different working patterns. A Vickrey–Clarke–Groves (VCG)-based auction mechanism is proposed to the continuous working pattern, and a suboptimal auction mechanism is introduced for the discontinuous working pattern. Further analysis shows that the proposed mechanisms have the properties of individual rationality and computational efficiencies. Experimental results suggest that both mechanisms guarantee all the mobile users bidding with their truthful values and the optimal maximal social cost can be achieved in the VCG-based auction mechanism.
Sport Cycling Crashes among Males on Public Roads, the Influence of Bunch Riding, Experience and Competitiveness
Authors: Wijlhuizen Gert , Van Gent Paul , Stipdonk Henk
Published: April 2016

Introduction: Since 2006, the number of seriously injured bicyclists in The Netherlands has increased significantly. This is also the case for sport cyclists. Over 80% of sport cyclists are male. We propose three factors that may contribute to involvement in sport cycling crashes among males: Bunch riding (cycling in a group), the inflow of sport cyclists with little experience and a competitive attitude. Methods: Early 2014, a questionnaire was sent to 2625 members of the Dutch Tour Cycling Union to obtain data on involvement in sport cycling crashes in the year 2013 and possible contributing factors (e.g., bunch riding, experience, competitiveness, distance travelled). Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to compare data from male respondents (N = 744). Contrast was made between those who reported involvement in a crash (N = 313) and those who did not (N = 431). Results: Male sport cyclists who are involved in bunch riding and those who are relatively inexperienced (less than three years compared to more than 10 years) have a higher crash involvement (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.79; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.26 – 2.54) and (OR = 2.93; 95% CI = 1.42 – 6.06) regardless of age, annual distance travelled and competitive attitude. Annual distance travelled was not related to crash involvement over the year 2013, indicating that cyclists who travel a longer annual distance have a lower risk (persons involved in at least one crash per km). Conclusions: We recommend that the efficacy of bunch riding training interventions among males is evaluated, with the focus on promoting safety among inexperienced sport cyclists and bunch riding.
Measuring the Total-Factor Carbon Emission Performance of Industrial Land Use in China Based on the Global Directional Distance Function and Non-Radial Luenberger Productivity Index
Authors: Wang Wei , Xie Hualin , Jiang Tong , Zhang Daobei , Xie Xue
Published: April 2016

Industry is a major contributor to carbon emissions in China, and industrial land is an important input to industrial production. Therefore, a detailed analysis of the carbon emission performance of industrial land use is necessary for making reasonable carbon reduction policies that promote the sustainable use of industrial land. This paper aims to analyze the dynamic changes in the total-factor carbon emission performance of industrial land use (TCPIL) in China by applying a global directional distance function (DDF) and non-radial Luenberger productivity index. The empirical results show that the eastern region enjoys better TCPIL than the central and western regions, but the regional gaps in TCPIL are narrowing. The growth in NLCPILs (non-radial Luenberger carbon emission performance of industrial land use) in the eastern and central regions is mainly driven by technological progress, whereas efficiency improvements contribute more to the growth of NLCPIL in the western region. The provinces in the eastern region have the most innovative and environmentally-friendly production technologies. The results of the analysis of the influencing factors show implications for improving the NLCPIL, including more investment in industrial research and development (R&D), the implementation of carbon emission reduction policies, reduction in the use of fossil energy, especially coal, in the process of industrial production, actively learning about foreign advanced technology, properly solving the problem of surplus labor in industry and the expansion of industrial development.
Preliminary Study on the Removal of Steroidal Estrogens Using TiO2-Doped PVDF Ultrafiltration Membranes
Authors: Wang Mingquan , Qu Fangshu , Jia Ruibao , Sun Shaohua , Li Guibai , Liang Heng
Published: April 2016

Steroidal estrogens are a representative type of endocrine-disrupting chemical contaminant that has been detected in surface water. In this paper, modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were prepared by adding different amounts of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and nano-TiO2 particles. PVDF-PVP membrane adsorption, UV photolysis and PVDF-PVP-TiO2 membrane photocatalysis performance were investigated by considering the rejection of estrone (E1) and 17β-estradiol (E2) in the cross-flow filtration experiments. The mechanism of photocatalytic degradation on TiO2-doped PVDF membranes was also evaluated. The results from the study indicated that adding PVP and nano-TiO2 appropriately in PVDF membranes could be an effective method for better E1and E2 rejection due to adsorption and photocatalytic degradation.
Autogenous Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Vertebral Body Enhance Intervertebral Disc Regeneration via Paracrine Interaction: An in Vitro Pilot Study
Authors: Shim Eun-Kyung , Lee Jung-Seok , Kim Dong-Eun , Kim Seul Ki , Jung Byung-Joo , Choi Eun-Young , Kim Chang-Sung
Published: April 2016

Several in vivo studies have found that transplanting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into degenerative intervertebral discs (IVDs) leads to regeneration of disc cells. Since the exact underlying mechanisms are not understood, we investigated the mechanisms of action of MSCs in regeneration of degenerative IVDs via paracrine actions. Human MSCs and degenerative disc cells from the same donor vertebrae were directly or indirectly cocultured. The multidifferentiation potential, cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and mRNA expression levels were assessed. The proliferation rates of MSCs and degenerative disc cells were higher in the coculture system than in the monolayer cultures or in the conditioned medium of each cell type. During coculturing with nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, mRNA expression of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components aggrecan, versican (VCAN), SOX9, and type II and type VI collagen was significantly increased in MSCs, whereas mRNA expression for type V collagen was increased in MSCs cocultured with annulus fibrosus (AF) cells. In addition, the accumulation of total ECM collagen was greater in cocultured degenerative disc cells than in monocultured cells. During coculturing, MSCs downregulated the expression levels of various proinflammatory cytokine genes in degenerative NP [interleukin-1α ( IL-1α), IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α)] and AF cells ( IL-1α and IL-6), which are involved in the degradation of ECM molecules. In association with the trophic effect of MSCs on degenerative disc cells, upregulation of growth factor mRNA expression was shown in MSCs cocultured with degenerative NP cells [epidermal growth factor ( EGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 ( IGF-1), osteogenic protein-1 ( OP-1), growth and differentiation factor-7 ( GDF-7), and transforming growth factor-β ( TGF-β)] or degenerative AF cells ( IGF-1, OP-1, and GDF-7). In terms of MSC-based clinical approaches to IVD regeneration, implanting MSCs into a degenerative IVD may both stimulate MSC differentiation into an NP- or AF-like phenotype and stimulate the biological activation of degenerative disc cells for self-repair.
A Wine Tourist Behavior Model for Australian Winery Cellar Doors
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Bruwer Johan , Cohen Justin , Goodman Steve
Published: April 2016

This study features an exploration of the effects of winery cellar door inputs on visitors' value perception, overall satisfaction, and behavioral intentions. Using partial least squares (PLS) path modeling, it demonstrates that a winery's environment and service interactions significantly
affect visitors' perceptions of wine quality. The findings indicate that contrary to popular belief, perceptions of wine quality do not directly influence visitors' overall satisfaction at a cellar door. Instead, its impact on overall satisfaction is mediated by visitors' perceptions of the
value they received for the money they spent on wine products. It was also found that visitors' value-for-money perceptions and overall satisfaction fully mediate the relationship between a cellar door's inputs and its patrons' postvisit behavioral intentions, suggesting that weaknesses associated
with wine products can be overcome by reducing the price of those products. This research contributes to a better understanding of cellar door visitors' decision-making processes and provides managers and researchers with new insights on how to effectively accommodate cellar door visitors'
needs.
The Stagnation of Summer Glacier Skiing
Authors: Falk Martin
Published: April 2016

After a short boom phase between the late 1970s and early 1980s, the number of passengers transported in glacier skiing areas during the summer season stagnated. Estimates derived from dynamic panel data models based on detailed lift data show that demand for glacier skiing in the summer
season is significantly and positively related to real private consumption, and significantly and negatively related to tourism prices. Furthermore, for the highest sections of these skiing areas (around 3,000 m above sea level), we find that natural snow depth is significantly and positively
related to the number of passengers transported uphill.
CHANDRA OBSERVATION OF ABELL 1142: A COOL-CORE CLUSTER LACKING A CENTRAL BRIGHTEST CLUSTER GALAXY?
Authors: Su Yuanyuan , Buote David A. , Gastaldello Fabio , Weeren Reinout van
Published: April 2016

Abell 1142 is a low-mass galaxy cluster at low redshift containing two comparable brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) resembling a scaled-down version of the Coma Cluster. Our Chandra analysis reveals an X-ray emission peak, roughly 100 kpc away from either BCG, which we identify as the cluster center. The emission center manifests itself as a second beta-model surface brightness component distinct from that of the cluster on larger scales. The center is also substantially cooler and more metal-rich than the surrounding intracluster medium (ICM), which makes Abell 1142 appear to be a cool-core cluster. The redshift distribution of its member galaxies indicates that Abell 1142 may contain two subclusters, each of which contain one BCG. The BCGs are merging at a relative velocity of ≈1200 km s−1. This ongoing merger may have shock-heated the ICM from ≈2 keV to above 3 keV, which would explain the anomalous L
X–T
X scaling relation for this system. This merger may have displaced the metal-enriched “cool core” of either of the subclusters from the BCG. The southern BCG consists of three individual galaxies residing within a radius of 5 kpc in projection. These galaxies should rapidly sink into the subcluster center due to the dynamical friction of a cuspy cold dark matter halo.
Neither Boosted Elvitegravir nor Darunavir with Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Increase Insulin Resistance in Healthy Volunteers: Results from the STRIBILD-IR Study
Authors: Spinner Christoph D , Kern Kristina E , Zink Alexander , Wolf Eva , Balogh Annamaria , Noe Sebastian , Von Werder Alexander , Schwerdtfeger Christiane , Schmid Roland M , Iakoubov Roman
Published: April 2016

Background

Insulin resistance (IR) was one of the first reported complications in HIV-positive patients who were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the metabolic effects of newer fixed-dose ART combinations are unclear.

Methods

This Phase I prospective randomized open-label study evaluated the effects on IR in 30 healthy volunteers who were receiving newer fixed-dose combinations of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine, elvitegravir and cobicistat (E/C/F/TDF, 10 patients) or the established ART regimens, such as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/ emtricitabine with lopinavir/ritonavir (F/TDF+LPV/r, 9 patients) or darunavir/ritonavir (F/TDF+DRV/r, 9 patients). IR was measured before and after the 14-day treatments using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique, and changes in IR were evaluated using the mean glucose disposal rate that was normalized to body weight (MBW) and lipid metabolism.

Results

The groups exhibited similar pretreatment IR, although MBW was significantly lower after the 14-day F/TDF+LPV/r treatment compared with baseline (12.5 ±3.3 versus 9.2 ±1.8 mg glucose/minxkg; P=0.037). No significant IR changes were observed for E/C/F/TDF (11.2 ±3.2 versus 11.3 ±2.5) or F/TDF+DRV/r (11.6 ±2.5 versus 11.3 ±2.4). Compared with baseline, F/TDF+LPV/r and F/TDF+DRV/r treatments significantly increased day 14 triglyceride levels (62 [54–73] versus 119 [77–147] mg/dl, P=0.0109; 75 [56–95] versus 96 [93–128] mg/dl, P=0.009, respectively).

Conclusions

Short-term treatment using fixed-dose combinations of E/C/F/TDF or F/TDF+DRV/r did not affect IR, although IR significantly increased after treatment using F/TDF+LPV/r.
Capturing biodiversity: linking a cyanobacteria culture collection to the “scratchpads” virtual research environment enhances biodiversity knowledge
Authors: Gkelis Spyros , Panou Manthos
Published: April 2016

Currently, cyanobacterial diversity is examined using a polyphasic approach by assessing morphological and molecular data (Komárek 2015). However, the comparison of morphological and genetic data is sometimes hindered by the lack of cultures of several cyanobacterial morphospecies and inadequate morphological data of sequenced strains (Rajaniemi et al. 2005). Furthermore, in order to evaluate the phenotypic plasticity within defined taxa, the variability observed in cultures has to be compared to the range in natural variation (Komárek and Mareš 2012). Thus, new tools are needed to aggregate, link and process data in a meaningful way, in order to properly study and understand cyanodiversity.

An online database on cyanobacteria has been created, namely the Cyanobacteria culture collection (CCC) (http://cyanobacteria.myspecies.info/) using as case studies cyanobacterial strains isolated from lakes of Greece, which are part of the AUTH culture collection (School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki). The database hosts, for the first time, information and data such as morphology/morphometry, biogeography, phylogeny, microphotographs, distribution maps, toxicology and biochemical traits of the strains. All this data are structured managed, and presented online and are publicly accessible with a recently developed tool, namely “Scratchpads”, a taxon-centric virtual research environment allowing browsing the taxonomic classification and retrieving various kinds of relevant information for each taxon.
Les stratégies de renforcement des organisations de la société civile en Afrique subsaharienne, nouvel éléphant blanc de l’aide au développement ? L’exemple du Cameroun
Authors: Cazabat Christelle
Published: April 2016

L’essor de la société civile africaine a généré de nouveaux programmes d’aide internationale destinés à encourager ces organisations dans leurs initiatives de développement local. Ces programmes internationaux, qui se voulaient au plus près des réalités du terrain, ont pourtant des difficultés à s’éloigner d’une vision occidentale de la société civile pour s’adapter aux besoins et aux capacités de son équivalent africain. Ces difficultés sont illustrées par l’exemple du Cameroun.
Les exigences de transparence des accords de Bâle : aubaine ou fardeau pour les pays en développement ?
Authors: Farvaque Étienne , Refait-Alexandre Catherine
Published: April 2016

Cet article étudie les conséquences pour les banques des exigences de transparence prévues par les accords de Bâle, dans le cadre du débat sur leur application aux pays en développement, dont les pays émergents. Les effets attendus sont ambigus : une transparence accrue implique une augmentation des coûts supportés par les banques, mais le niveau des fonds propres exigés peut diminuer, si le cadre institutionnel le permet. Celui-ci joue donc un rôle primordial dans l’effet global pour les banques d’une transparence accrue.
L’ouverture de l’espace thérapeutique pour faciliter l’autonomie du patient
Authors: Hénonin Reignoux Corinne
Published: April 2016

L’exposé de cette situation clinique montre l’intérêt d’un travail sur l’anamnèse s’élaborant dans le cadre d’une relation thérapeute-patient, avec le support de la relaxation psychosomatique. Les liens entre sensations corporelles, affects, éléments biographiques, imaginaire vont permettre à la personne de renouer avec une subjectivité et sortir de l’enfermement dans lequel les diverses pathologies l’ont conduite.
Comprendre le rôle paradoxal d’Internet dans le développement des services médico-touristiques : une étude empirique
Authors: Hallem Yousra , Barth Isabelle
Published: April 2016

Le développement du tourisme médical n’est pas simplement le fruit du différentiel des tarifs entre les pays développés et les pays en voie de développement; il est également le résultat de l’avènement d’Internet. Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude empirique qui met l’accent sur le rôle des fonctions informationnelle, sociale et relationnelle d’Internet dans la transformation de la perception du patient-touriste qui considère davantage le service médico-touristique comme un service d’expérience. Ce changement de perception permet de comprendre pourquoi les services médico-touristiques se commercialisent sur Internet alors qu’ils ne devraient pas l’être théoriquement.
Normalisation et Responsabilité Sociétale des Entreprises en Tunisie : le rôle des certifications internationales
Authors: Ghozzi-Nekhili Chiraz , Gana-Oueslati Emna , Labaronne Daniel
Published: April 2016

Nous nous interrogeons sur la contribution de la normalisation à l’instauration d’une démarche de responsabilité sociétale au sein des entreprises tunisiennes. Nous exposons les liens théoriques entre normalisation et RSE et proposons les résultats d’une étude qualitative auprès de neuf entreprises tunisiennes certifiées. Nous soulignons que l’engagement dans la normalisation entraîne au sein de ces entreprises des changements de différentes natures.
Résoudre l’oxymore de la RSE et de la Business Ethics – un chemin inspiré par Smith, Durkheim et Aristote
Authors: Rosé Jean-Jacques , Lépineux François
Published: April 2016

Depuis les origines de la Business Ethics et de la Responsabilité Sociale de l’Entreprise l’autorégulation  responsable  des entreprises suscite un scepticisme fondé sur la qualification d’oxymore. Les leçons tirées des analyses de Smith et Durkheim conduisent à la notion aristotélicienne de phronèsis pour fonder la légitimité des limites morales de toute activité humaine, y compris la sphère économique et le management. Dépasser l’oxymore, c’est redéfinir la faisabilité de l’action responsable face aux crises systémiques globales du 21 ème siècle, en retrouvant l’idéal type du leader responsable selon Aristote – le phronimos.
L’environnement chez Charlotte Salomon... : double impact traumatique et résilient à la base du processus créateur
Authors: Bourdet-Loubère Sylvie , Pirlot Gérard
Published: April 2016

Le processus créateur correspond dans la littérature à un travail de réorganisation interne qui provient d’un désétayage et qui instaure un nouvel étayage. Pour nombre d’artistes, il a été montré leur capacité à transformer l’histoire de leur vie en œuvre d’art, ce qui a également pu être observé chez certains enfants ayant vécu des événements de vie difficiles et douloureux. Cette capacité à transformer les événements potentiellement traumatisants en ressources psychiques renvoie aux processus de résilience et de symbolisation. Cet article s’intéresse à la fonction et au rôle de l’environnement de l’artiste, tant dans son impact traumatogène que dans son mouvement libérateur, contenant et étayant, à partir de la vie et de l’œuvre de Charlotte Salomon (1917-1943). Le regard porté sur sa vie et son œuvre est l’occasion d’interroger la place et la fonction de l’environnement familial et affectif dans la création artistique et de questionner les rapports complexes entre traumas transgénérationnels, secrets familiaux et processus de dégagement via la sublimation, la symbolisation et la création artistique.
Les voix plurielles de Pessoa
Authors: Chouvier Bernard
Published: April 2016

L’écrivain portugais Fernando Pessoa (1888-1935) a mis en œuvre un processus original dans sa création littéraire, pour maintenir une unité psychique menacée par des mouvements psychotisants : l’ hétéronymie . Un tel processus, à la fois conscient et inconscient, offre à l’altérité interne une liberté expressive suffisante pour éviter la conflagration. En configurant le moi comme un espace scénique ouvert à la groupalité interne, le créateur élabore une œuvre qui donne voix aux parts archaïques du soi. La recomposition des figures identificatoires qui l’habitent permet une appropriation subjective, tout en donnant naissance à un ensemble d’auteurs fictifs entre lesquels se développe une dynamique groupale autonome. Grâce au dédoublement réflexif du moi, Pessoa réussit, à travers la diversité de sa création littéraire, à devenir le médium de ses propres images fantomatiques issues de sa généalogie familiale.
L’anneau : Objet transgénérationnel... Porteur d’histoire du groupe et du sujet
Authors: Barrer Laurence
Published: April 2016

Les modes de transmission trans- et intergénérationnels des valeurs du groupe est une question redondante. Comment les nouvelles générations développent leur affiliation, leur appartenance à un groupe ? L’auteur constate l’émergence d’une néoculture et d’une idéologie trouvant son origine dans le tronc des légendes communes à nos sociétés occidentales qui a comme conséquence la création d’une nouvelle forme de jeux de rôle envahissant notre quotidien sous divers formats. L’auteur émet l’hypothèse que, pour certains adolescents et jeunes adultes dont la transmission intergénérationnelle telle que leur milieu familial le propose échoue, vont se mettre en quête d’une appartenance transgénérationnelle faisant écho à leurs valeurs. L’engouement pour un jeu appelé Grandeur Nature porté par la néoculture de la Fantasy est une réponse possible permettant l’appartenance à un groupe et un effet cathartique sur le Sujet. L’auteur développe l’article en prenant en fil rouge un objet, un Anneau.
Les groupes emboîtés, une résonance convoquée
Authors: Popper Haydée
Published: April 2016

Les effets de redoublement, de réitération d’un matériel psychique, de répétitions d’un groupe à un autre sont des phénomènes auxquels la pratique clinique des groupes nous confronte fréquemment. Des mouvements institutionnels se redoublent également dans des mouvements individuels ou groupaux. Cet article essaye de réfléchir sur les effets de résonance entre les différents niveaux et sur ce que l’on peut observer et entendre à partir d’une clinique thérapeutique de groupes emboîtés. L’exemple du fonctionnement et de la dynamique entre deux groupes parallèles parents et enfants ainsi que le groupe de thérapeutes constitué en post-groupe viendra étayer ce travail. Les échos en résonance peuvent permettre l’identification d’éléments répétitifs, qui confirmeraient par leur caractère itératif une forme de blocage individuel de la fonction représentative et élaboratrice, ou l’expression d’une non-transformation des éléments transgénérationnels transmis. L’analyse des interactions entre ces groupes montre la richesse d’une observation participante groupale et son intérêt thérapeutique.
Evaluation of ozonation as a method for mycotoxins degradation in malting wheat grains
Authors: Reinholds I. , Juodeikiene G. , Bartkiene E. , Zadeike D. , Bartkevics V. , Krungleviciute V. , Cernauskas D. , Cižeikiene D.
Published: April 2016

The influence of ozone (O3) gas on reducing the contamination withFusarium mycotoxins in malting wheat grains was investigated. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) and Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-HRMS) were used to determine mycotoxins in wheat grains before and 40 to 130 min after the exposure to 20 mg/l O3. Pearson’s analysis (R2=0.96-0.98) showed a good correlation between the performance efficiency of both mass spectrometry quantification techniques. The concentrations of determined mycotoxins (zearalenone (ZEA): 19.5-459 µg/kg, deoxynivalenol (DON): 3,370-4,620 µg/kg, T-2 toxin: 19.5-35.4 µg/kg, and HT-2 toxin: 258-819 µg/kg) decreased notably, depending on the duration of contact with ozone. A notable elimination of ZEA, HT-2, and T-2 in wheat grain was observed: the content of these compounds was reduced on average by 58.6, 64.6, and 62%, respectively, already after 40 min of ozonation. The effect was less pronounced in the case of DON, for which the average degradation rate reached the maximum of only 25% after 130 min exposure. We conclude that ozonation for up to 130 min was effective for reducing the content of most mycotoxins determined in this study, except for DON, in contaminated grains to concentrations below the acceptable maximum levels in wheat in accordance to the EU regulations.
Marginal Bone Remodeling around healing Abutment vs Final Abutment Placement at Second Stage Implant Surgery: A 12-month Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Younes Ronald , Berberi Antoine , Aboulhosn Maissa , Manal Cordahi
Published: April 2016

Background

The periimplant bone level has been used as one of the criteria to assess the success of dental implants. It has been documented that the bone supporting two-piece implants undergoes resorption first following the second-stage surgery and later on further to abutment connection and delivery of the final prosthesis.

Objective

The aim of this multicentric randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the crestal bone resorption around internal connection dental implants using a new surgical protocol that aims to respect the biological distance, relying on the benefit of a friction fit connection abutment (test group) compared with implants receiving conventional healing abutments at secondstage surgery (control group).

Materials and methods

A total of partially edentulous patients were consecutively treated at two private clinics, with two adjacent two-stage implants. Three months after the first surgery, one of the implants was randomly allocated to the control group and was uncovered using a healing abutment, while the other implant received a standard final abutment and was seated and tightened to 30 Ncm. At each step of the prosthetic try-in, the abutment in the test group was removed and then retightened to 30 Ncm. Horizontal bone changes were assessed using periapical radiographs immediately after implant placement and at 3 (second-stage surgery), 6, 9 and 12 months follow-up examinations.

Results

At 12 months follow-up, no implant failure was reported in both groups. In the control group, the mean periimplant bone resorption was 0.249 ± 0.362 at M3, 0.773 ± 0.413 at M6, 0.904 ± 0.36 at M9 and 1.047 ± 0.395 at M12. The test group revealed a statistically significant lower marginal bone loss of 20.88% at M3 (0.197 ± 0.262), 22.25% at M6 (0.601 ± 0.386), 24.23% at M9 (0.685 ± 0.341) and 19.2% at M9 (0.846 ± 0.454). The results revealed that bone loss increased over time, with the greatest change in bone loss occurring between 3 and 6 months. Alveolar bone loss was significantly greater in the control condition than the test condition.

Conclusion

The results of this prospective study demonstrated the benefit of placing a prosthetic component with a stable connection at second-stage surgery, in terms of reduced marginal bone remodeling when compared with conventional procedure.

Clinical significance. The use of a stable connection in a healing component during try-in stages prior to final restoration placement leads to less periimplant marginal bone loss.

How to cite this article

Nader N, Aboulhosn M, Berberi A, Manal C, Younes R. Marginal Bone Remodeling around healing Abutment vs Final Abutment Placement at Second Stage Surgery: A 12-month Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):7-15.
The Effect of Using a Modified Dentoalveolar Distractor on Canine Angulation following Rapid Canine Retraction: A Split-mouth Design Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hajeer Mohammad Y , Al-Ainawi Khaled I , Al-Mdalal Yaser
Published: April 2016

Background and Objectives

New studies have been published and aimed to retract canines by means of distraction osteogenesis to reduce treatment time. Although a great care has been given to achieve a bodily movement of the canines, a significant amount of tipping of the canines has been observed. This trial aimed to assess the effect of applying a modified distractor on canine angulation.

Materials and methods

The sample of the study consisted of 14 canines in seven patients (16–25 years). After the osteotomy procedure, two distractors were applied (one distractor on each side). After 5 days of a latency period, the two distractors were activated at a rate of 1 mm/day.

Results

There was a significant difference between the two distractors regarding the time required to retract the canines (p = 0.008) and the observed change in canine angulation following retraction (p = 0.028). The change in the overjet and the mandibular plane angle was statistically insignificant. Eight out of 14 distracted canines reacted positively to the pulp vitality tester after 3 months of completion of distraction. There was no clinical sign of discoloration or pulpal pain in any canine.

Conclusion

Within the limits of this study, the modified distractor caused a bodily movement of the canine with a minimal tipping. Further research is required on a long-term basis on a larger group of patients to gain more insight on the observed changes.

How to cite this article

The Effect of Using a Modified Dentoalveolar Distractor on Canine Angulation following Rapid Canine Retraction: A Split-mouth Design Randomized Controlled Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):49-57.
Dentoskeletal and Soft Tissue Effects in the Treatment of Class II Malocclusion with Klammt's Elastic Open Activator
Authors: Inamassu-Lemes Sheila Marques , Fuziy Acácio , Costa André Luiz Ferreira , Carvalho Paulo Eduardo Guedes , Nahás-Scocate Ana Carla Raphaelli
Published: April 2016

Aim

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dentoskeletal and soft tissue effects resulting from treatment with Klammt's elastic open activator (EOA) functional orthopedic appliance in patients with Class II malocclusion characterized by mandibular deficiency.

Materials and methods

Teleradiographs were evaluated in the lateral aspect of the initial (T1) and final (T2) orthopedic phases for 16 patients with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion. The age range was from 9 to 11.2 years, with a mean age of 9.9 years. The cephalometric points were demarcated, and cephalometric measurements were obtained by the same investigator to avoid interobserver variability.

Results

The EOA promoted increased lower anterior facial height (LAFH), increased effective mandibular length, clockwise rotation of the mandible, retrusion and verticalization of the upper incisors, proclination and protrusion of the lower incisors, extrusion of the upper molars, mesial movement of the lower molars and anterior projection of the lower lip.

Conclusion

Skeletal changes characterized by an increase in mandibular length and dentoalveolar changes with an emphasis on the verticalization and retrusion of the upper incisors, proclination of the lower incisors and mesial positioning of the lower molars were key to improving the occlusal relationship and esthetic facial factors.

Clinical significance

The EOA is well indicated in patients with Class II malocclusion due to mandibular deficiency with increased overbite, proclined upper incisors and verticalized lower incisors.

How to cite this article

Inamassu-Lemes SM, Fuziy A, Costa ALF, Carvalho PEG, Nahás-Scocate ACR. Dentoskeletal and Soft Tissue Effects in the Treatment of Class II Malocclusion with Klammt's Elastic Open Activator. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):63-69.

Conflicts of Interest

None declared
Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): Towards holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the Northern Eurasian region
Authors: Lappalainen Hanna K. , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Petäjä Tuukka , Kurten Theo , Baklanov Aleksander , Shvidenko Anatoly , Bäck Jaana , Vihma Timo , Alekseychik Pavel , Arnold Stephen , Arshinov Mikhail , Asmi Eija , Belan Boris , Bobylev Leonid , Chalov Sergey , Cheng Yafang , Chubarova Natalia , de Leeuw Gerrit , Ding Aijun , Dobrolyubov Sergey , Dubtsov Sergei , Dyukarev Egor , Elansky Nikolai , Eleftheriadis Kostas , Esau Igor , Filatov Nikolay , Flint Mikhail , Fu Congbin , Glezer Olga , Gliko Aleksander , Heimann Martin , Holtslag Albert A. M. , Hõrrak Urmas , Janhunen Juha , Juhola Sirkku , Järvi Leena , Järvinen Heikki , Kanukhina Anna , Konstantinov Pavel , Kotlyakov Vladimir , Kieloaho Antti-Jussi , Komarov Alexander S. , Kujansuu Joni , Kukkonen Ilmo , Kyrö Ella , Laaksonen Ari , Laurila Tuomas , Lihavainen Heikki , Lisitzin Alexander , Mahura Aleksander , Makshtas Alexander , Mareev Evgeny , Mazon Stephany , Matishov Dmitry , Melnikov Vladimir , Mikhailov Eugene , Moisseev Dmitri , Nigmatulin Robert , Noe Steffen M. , Ojala Anne , Pihlatie Mari , Popovicheva Olga , Pumpanen Jukka , Regerand Tatjana , Repina Irina , Shcherbinin Aleksei , Shevchenko Vladimir , Sipilä Mikko , Skorokhod Andrey , Spracklen Dominick V. , Su Hang , Subetto Dmitry A. , Sun Junying , Terzhevik Arkady Yu , Timofeyev Yuri , Troitskaya Yuliya , Tynkkynen Veli-Pekka , Kharuk Viacheslav I. , Zaytseva Nina , Zhang Jiahua , Viisanen Yrjö , Vesala Timo , Hari Pertti , Hansson Hans Christen , Matvienko Gennady G. , Kasimov Nikolai S. , Guo Huadong , Bondur Valery , Zilitinkevich Sergej , Kulmala Markku
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The Northern Eurasian regions and Arctic Ocean will very likely undergo substantial changes during the next decades. The arctic-boreal natural environments play a crucial role in the global climate via the albedo change, carbon sources and sinks, as well as atmospheric aerosol production via biogenic volatile organic compounds. Furthermore, it is expected that the global trade activities, demographic movement and use of natural resources will be increasing in the Arctic regions. There is a need for a novel research approach, which not only identifies and tackles the relevant multi-disciplinary research questions, but is also able to make a holistic system analysis of the expected feedbacks. In this paper, we introduce the research agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX), a multi-scale, multi-disciplinary and international program started in 2012 (https://www.atm.helsinki.fi/peex/). PEEX is setting a research approach where large-scale research topics are investigated from a system perspective and which aims to fill the key gaps in our understanding of the feedbacks and interactions between the land–atmosphere–aquatic–society continuum in the Northern Eurasian region. We introduce here the state of the art of the key topics in the PEEX research agenda and give the future prospects of the research which we see relevant in this context.
How to reliably detect molecular clusters and nucleation mode particles with Neutral cluster and Air Ion Spectrometer (NAIS)
Authors: Manninen Hanna E. , Mirme Sander , Mirme Aadu , Petäjä Tuukka , Kulmala Markku
Published: April 2016

Abstract. To understand the very first steps of atmospheric particle formation and growth processes, information on the size where the atmospheric nucleation and cluster activation occurs is crucially needed. The current understanding of the dynamics of charged and neutral clusters and particles is based on their theoretical prediction and experimental observation. This paper will give a standard operation procedure (SOP) for Neutral cluster and Air Ion Spectrometer (NAIS) measurements and data processing. With the NAIS measurements, we have contributed to improve the scientific understanding by: 1) direct detection of freshly-formed atmospheric clusters and particles, 2) linking experimental observations and theoretical framework to understand the formation and growth mechanisms of aerosol particles, and 3) parameterizing formation and growth mechanisms for atmospheric models. The SOP provides tools to harmonize the world-wide measurements of small clusters and nucleation mode particles and to verify consistent results measured by the NAIS users. The work is based on discussions between the NAIS users and the NAIS manufacturer.
Stratospheric CH4 and CO2 profiles derived from SCIAMACHY solar occultation measurements
Authors: Noël Stefan , Bramstedt Klaus , Hilker Michael , Liebing Patricia , Plieninger Johannes , Reuter Max , Rozanov Alexei , Sioris Christopher E. , Bovensmann Heinrich , Burrows John P.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Stratospheric profiles of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) have been derived from solar occultation measurements of the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY). The retrieval is performed using a method called onion peeling DOAS (ONPD), which combines an onion peeling approach with a weighting function DOAS (differential optical absorption spectroscopy) fit in the spectral region between 1559 and 1671 nm. By use of updated pointing information and optimisation of the data selection as well as of the retrieval approach, the altitude range for reasonable CH4 could be broadened from 20 to 40 km to about 17 to 45 km. Furthermore, the quality of the derived CO2 has been assessed such that now the first stratospheric profiles (17–45 km) of CO2 from SCIAMACHY are available. Comparisons with independent data sets yield an estimated accuracy of the new SCIAMACHY stratospheric profiles of about 5–10 % for CH4 and 2–3 % for CO2. The accuracy of the products is currently mainly restricted by the appearance of unexpected vertical oscillations in the derived profiles which need further investigation. Using the improved ONPD retrieval, CH4 and CO2 stratospheric data sets covering the whole SCIAMACHY time series (August 2002–April 2012) and the latitudinal range between about 50 and 70° N have been derived. Based on these time series, CH4 and CO2 trends have been estimated. CH4 trends above about 20 km are not significantly different from zero and the trend at 17 km is about 3 ppbv year−1. The derived CO2 trends show a general decrease with altitude with values of about 1.9 ppmv year−1 at 21 km and about 1.3 ppmv year−1 at 39 km. These results are in reasonable agreement with total column trends for these gases. This shows that the new SCIAMACHY data sets can provide valuable information about the stratosphere.