bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Induction of gamma irradiation for microorganism decontamination of dried lotus pollen (Nelumbo nucifera)
Authors: Sajjabut S , pewlong W , Eamsiri J , Chookaew S , Kemtong K , Maikaeo L
Published: September 2019

Gamma irradiation has been known for its great effect for inactivating microorganisms in various foods and it has been a safe method for food decontamination. In this present study, the dried lotus pollen was conducted to determine the effect of using gamma irradiation on the microbial load and antioxidant properties. The dried pollen lotus samples were irradiated with gamma irradiation at doses of 5 and 10 kGy and the total plate count (TPC) and total yeast and mold (Y&M) were determined. The study revealed that high microbial level of TPC and Y&M were found in non-irradiated. At dose of 5 kGy showed that gamma radiation was able to reduce the microorganism contamination in dried lotus pollen. The result permitted to accomplish the satisfactory microbial content for Thai community product standard of dried herb number 480/2547. In part of the antioxidant property, there was no any significant difference among the non-irradiated and irradiated samples in 60% ethanol extract. Surprisingly, total phenolic content and DPPH were increased by gamma radiation in hot water extract. Therefore gamma irradiation at 5 kGy could be a potential method for microbial decontamination of dried pollen lotus to improve hygienic quality.
Effects of gamma irradiation on antioxidant properties and microbial contamination in Boletus griseipureus Coner
Authors: Chookaew S , Sajjabut S , Pewlong W , Eamsiri J , Orpong P
Published: September 2019

The aim of this research is to investigate effect of gamma irradiation on antioxidant properties and microbial contaminants in Boletus griseipureus. Samples were ground into powder and later subject to gamma irradiation at 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 kGy. The non-irradiated and irradiated samples were then analyzed for their antioxidant properties by techniques including 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total phenolic content, beta glucan content and total triterpenoids. In addition, the microbial contamination was also evaluated. In terms of antioxidant properties, results showed that gamma irradiation did not result in significant effects on FRAP, total phenolic content, beta glucan content, and total triterpenoids. However, at 10 kGy of gamma irradiation, DPPH radical scavenging activity notably increased (p≤0.05). In term of microbial contamination, irradiation dose of 5 kGy reduced the microorganism to meet standard level and irradiation dose of 10 kGy was found to decrease microorganism to complete absence. Therefore, this research suggested that a minimum irradiation dose of 5 kGy can serve as a useful treatment for preserve its quality and prevent microbial contamination.
Investigation of the protection efficacy of Thai medicinal plants on irradiation-induced plasmid DNA damage
Authors: Orpong P , Boonsirichai K , Eiamsiri J , Kongratarporn T
Published: September 2019

Extracts of Thai medicinal plants have been reported to be natural sources of antioxidants which can inhibit free radicals and have potential for radiation protection. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of five medicinal plant extracts, cinnamon, ginger, white kwao krua, black pepper, and moringa compared to gallic acid, which served as a positive control in the protection of plasmid pET-15b DNA after exposure to gamma irradiation. pET-15b plasmid DNA was irradiated by gamma radiation at 100 Gy with various concentrations of medicinal plant extracts and DNA damage was measured by using gel electrophoresis. The results showed that exposure of pET-15b plasmid DNA to 100 Gy of gamma radiation induced DNA strand breakage and plasmid DNA alteration from a supercoiled to open circular form. Extracts of moringa, cinnamon and ginger significantly reduced plasmid DNA damage by gamma radiation. While black pepper and white kwao krua extracts did not show observable radioprotective effects. The presence of moringa, cinnamon and ginger extracts during irradiation can protect pET-15b plasmid against radiation-induced DNA damage.
Radon concentration in residential areas of Bann Pang Fan, Chiang Mai province, Thailand
Authors: Sriburee S , Thumvijit T , Kitima J , Hongsriti P , Tapanya M , Kranrod C , Chanyotha S
Published: September 2019

This study examined the radon concentration in residential areas of Bann Pang Fan, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Measurement was carried out for radon concentration in 59 residences from February to June 2017 using plastic alpha track detectors or CR-39 placed in wooden and cement bedrooms and living rooms. It was found that the radon concentration was 26-322 Bq·m−3, with an average at 53.94±29.43 Bq·m−3. In the bedroom, the concentration was 28-143 Bq·m−3, while in the living room it was 26-322 Bq·m−3. When calculating the annual effective dose of the residences, it was found to be at 0.21-1.71 mSv/year. The annual effective dose of 52.54% for the residences was higher than 1 mSv/year, as recommended by UNSCEAR.
Measurement of natural (40K, 226Ra and 232Th) and anthropogenic (137Cs) gamma radiation and radiological hazard assessment in beach sand samples collected from Ao Phrao at Koh Samet in Rayong province (Thailand)
Authors: Kessaratikoon P , Choosiri N , Boonkrongcheep R , Youngchuay U
Published: September 2019

In the present research, the main objectives were to measure and analyze the specific activities of natural (40K, 226Ra and 232Th) radionuclides in 30 beach sand samples collected from Ao Phrao after the Rayong oil spill disaster. This huge Petroleum Authority of Thailand (PTT) oil spill occurred on July 27, 2013, in the Gulf of Thailand nearby Ao Phrao at Koh Samet in Rayong province in eastern region of Thailand. At the same time, anthropogenic (137Cs) radionuclides accumulated in the studied area was also studied and presented. High-purity germanium (HPGe) detector with a massive lead shield, some standard reference material sources and gamma spectrometry technique, were used to measure and analyze all of the experimental results. The frequency distribution of specific activities of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs were also evaluated and found to be the asymmetrical distribution. The median values of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs were 173.55 ± 67.04, 10.76 ± 1.71, 6.35 ± 0.75 and 0.24 ± 0.10 Bq/kg, respectively. Furthermore, the associated radiological hazard indices for the studied area were calculated and compared to nationally and internationally recommended values. It was found that the beach sand samples from the study area provide no excessive exposures created from the oil spill for inhabitants. Moreover, the radioactive contour maps of the investigated area were also imaged and presented in this study. The data presented in the study are importance since they create the baseline of the radiological hazard data and mapping of the investigated area in the future.
Analysis of radiological hazards from surface soils in Khong Chiam and Sirinthon districts, Ubon Ratchathani province
Authors: Jitpukdee M , Quinram P , Kranrod C
Published: September 2019

The radiological hazards from natural radionuclides in soil at the border area between the northeast of Thailand and Laos were studied and evaluated. The 33 surface soil samples from Khong Chiam and Sirinthon districts in Ubon Ratchathani province were collected and measured the specific radioactivity (226Ra, 232Th and 40K). The radioactivity of all soil samples was analyzed from gamma ray spectrums using hyper-pure germanium detector. The results applied for calculating the radiological hazards which were radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed dose rate (D), annual effective dose equivalent (AEDEout) and external hazard index (Hex). The experimental results obtained the radioactivity concentrations in a range of 10.64 to 46.67 Bqkg−1 with average value of 22.82 ± 3.59 Bqkg−1, 6.35 to 44.72 Bqkg−1 with average value of 15.49 ± 3.57 Bqkg−1 and 31.22 to 521.57 Bqkg−1 with average value of 130.44 ± 28.46 Bqkg−1 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The calculation results of Raeq, D, AEDEout and Hex showed significantly lower than the radiological hazard levels which are recommended by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The results of this study reveal that people can live and travel along the border area in the northeast of Thailand.
Long-term cycling of 137Cs in Pinus Kesiya at Wat Chan Thailand
Authors: Itthipoonthanakorn T , Shaw G
Published: September 2019

Surface soil and above-ground parts of Pinus kesiya (Three-needled pine) were collected at Wat Chan pine forest to study cycling of 137Cs. Cs-137 derived from nuclear weapons tests up to 1963 was found to have accumulated at a shallow depth (<5 cm) in the forest soil. Calculated total deposition of 137Cs was in the range of previous studies and could be used as a reference for nuclear test deposition of 137Cs fallout in northern Thailand and nearby locations. Potassium in soil does not appear to be a good indicator for long-term radiocaesium cycling. Finally, ‘available’ stable caesium (133Cs) in the soil was found to be an appropriate indicator for studying uptake of 137Cs by Pinus kesiya at Wat Chan.
Elemental composition analysis in Sangyod rice by instrumental neutron activation analysis
Authors: Kongsri S , Kukusamude C
Published: September 2019

Sangyod Muang Phatthalung Rice is a traditional rice variety grown in the area of Phatthalung province for more than a hundred years. Sangyod rice is the first rice variety of Thailand that has been registered as Geographical Indication (GI). It is also good rice for anyone who is searching for good health. The concentrations of nine elements (Mg, Al, Cl, As, Br, K, Mn, Rb and Zn) in Sangyod rice, locally cultivated in four districts (Pak Phayun, Tamot, Pa Phayom and Muang) in Phatthalung province, were determined using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The method validation of INAA was verified by SRM 1568a Rice Flour. All elements were found to be in a good agreement with the certified values. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey’s HSD test. There were no statistical differences in concentrations of Mg, Al, As, Br, K and Mn in rice from four districts. The concentrations of Cl, Rb and Zn found in rice were significantly different according to the cultivation region. Therefore, Cl, Rb and Zn were good characteristic indicators for Sangyod rice that could be applied to identify the geographical origins of rice.
Determination of tritium levels in tap waters collected from various regions in Thailand using liquid scintillation counting
Authors: Rittirong A , Noithong P , Hazama R , Sakuma Y , Saenboonruang K , Sudprasert W
Published: September 2019

Tritium can replace a hydrogen atom in water molecules since oxygen atom can react with tritium atoms to form water molecules the same way as for hydrogen atoms, potentially posing hazardous to consumers. This study aims to measure tritium activity concentrations in tap water samples collected from different regions in Thailand, (Phayao, Srisaket, Chanthaburi, Trang and Bangkok) in November 2018. The measurements of tritium activity concentrations were carried out by using electrolytic enrichment and low background liquid scintillation counting (AccuFLEX LSC-LB7), which had a sensitivity of less than 1 Bq/L. The data results of regional distribution of a tendency were discussed according to latitudes and longitudes of the collecting location. The measured tritium concentrations in tap water were in the range of 0.41 – 0.75 Bq/L. Specifically, the results showed that the tritium activity concentrations depended on location, with the highest value obtained from a tap water sample collected from the northern part of Thailand (Phayao). The results could be used as the baseline of tritium levels in tap water in each region of Thailand before building or operating the nuclear facilities such as the first nuclear power plant, fuel reprocessing or heavy water production facilities in the future.
Development of radiation imaging system for nutrient distribution in sapling
Authors: Tuanghirunwimol P , Jitpukdee M
Published: September 2019

Radioactive tracer in plant commonly uses X-ray films or imaging plate for study nutrient distribution, which cause radioactive waste. We developed a real-time imaging system for radiotracer in sapling to reduce a large number of samples and radioactive waste. The main components of the developed system consist of the radiation imaging detector, the mechanical part, and the operating software. We used 4 × 4 channel array of Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) model ArrayC-30035-16P from SensL coupling with plastic scintillator array of 3 × 3 × 5 mm3 pixels as a radiation imaging detector. The signals from the detector were amplified and noises discriminated then transfer to the operating software on a personal computer (PC). The area scanning unit and mechanical parts were modified from MicromakeCl 3D printer with customised control board and controlled by operating software on PC interfacing via USB to RS232. Furthermore, the LabVIEW base system control software was developed to control the movement of motors in X, Y and Z directions of the mechanical control board in associated with the counting signals transferring from the developed detector board. Each counted data from the scanning process was transformed into rainbow scale image. The developed system could measure a sample with a maximum size of 300 × 300 mm2, and the precision of motors was ± 0.1 mm. The control software is able to change parameters of the time for counting, a pitch of motors and scanning area of a sample. Finally, the developed system was tested by run through the process of radiotracer in the maize sapling growth for 30 hours. The result showed satisfactory rainbow color scale image of accumulation and distribution of radioactive tracer in sapling.
Error detection sensitivity test using complex errors on three patient-specific VMAT QA systems
Authors: Thongsawad S , Srisatit S , Fuangrod T
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate error detection sensitivity for three patient-specific volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) quality assurance (QA) systems (Delta4, EPID-based dosimetry, and log file) with three possible scenarios. Ten patient-specific VMAT QA were randomly selected to test their error detection sensitivities. Artificial complex errors were introduced to the original plans then the QA tests were repeated. These errors were simulated into three possible scenarios: uncertainty, miss-calibration, and worst-case scenario. For uncertainty scenario, the random errors (σ) of multi-leaf collimators (MLC) at ± 2.0 mm and gantry angle at ± 2.0 degree were introduced. The systematic errors of +2MU, and the random errors of MLC and gantry angle at ± 2.0 mm and ± 2.0 degree were applied as a miss-calibration scenario. For worst case scenario, errors were integrated between systematic and random variation of MLC and gantry angle at 2±0.5 mm and 2±0.5 degree, respectively. The dosimetric agreements between QA tests on original versus artificial error plans were determined to investigate error detection sensitivity used gamma analysis with 3%, 3 mm criteria. EPID-based dosimetry showed the most sensitive QA tool to detect three possible scenarios. Log file was the second best method, whereas Delta4 was the worst method to detect three possible scenario errors.
Preliminary study of neutron tomography performance tested by a standard specimen
Authors: Wonglee S , Pornrungruengchok W , Chulapakorn T , Channuie J , Picha R , Liamsuwan T , Khaweerat S
Published: September 2019

The performance of neutron tomography facility at the Thai Research Reactor TRR-1/M1 is studied. Thermal neutron beams with a flux of 106 n/cm2/s are employed to radiate on a standard sample, so-called Strip B, in the test. The neutron irradiating on samples were detected by a neutron-to-photon conversion plate. After that, the low-energy photons were guided to a charge coupled device (CCD) to obtain a digital image. During the experiment, a rotation stage was used to rotate the sample in order to measure the attenuated/scatted neutrons at different angles with respect to the sample geometry. The angle-varied images were then processed via a reconstruction software to create a 3-dimension (3D) image (tomography). The result shows that an image of 0.5 mm-diameter cadmium wire could be observed by employing our facility, but the sharpness of the 3D image is still needed to be further improved.
Investigation of differences of phenomena of diffusiophoresis and thermophoresis from aerosol deposition in modified ART Mod 2 code
Authors: Vechgama W
Published: September 2019

Fission product behavior assessment in containment vessel (CV) is one of the important areas in safety analyses because the CV is the final release protection. Modified ART Mod 2 code is used to study aerosol deposition phenomena in the CV. From Phébus FPT experiments, the phenomena of diffusiophoresis and thermophoresis on wet condensers were occurred in the CV. The two phenomena are recognized to be the same thing. However, this is not a universal view on these phenomena, which are evaluated separately in the modified ART Mod 2 code. In previous study on the modified ART Mod 2 calculation of Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (ESBWR) and Phébus FPT experiments, there was more diffusiophoresis than thermophoresis in the case of simulating single volume of the CV while there was more thermophoresis for multiple volume case. This research aim is to conduct a ceteris paribus sensitivity analysis of representative parameters affecting diffusiophoresis and thermophoresis namely aerosol size, pressure, and gas temperature, under different nodalizations in the modified ART Mod 2 code using the Phébus FPT experiments to investigate the differences. As a result, differences of gas temperature between atmosphere and wall in single volume most affect diffusiophoresis while differences of temperature between atmosphere and wall of multiple volumes most affect thermophoresis.
Assembly project management of a suspended conveyor
Authors: Blaga F S , Stănăşel I , Pop A , Hule V , Craciun D
Published: September 2019

Modern manufacturing systems are characterized by the fact that they integrate various machines and work equipment, industrial handling robots, industrial robots performing technological operations (welding, riveting, painting, etc.), transfer systems (conveyors, conveyor belts, automated guided vehicle -AGV), storage systems and inspection stations. The paper presents the way in which the assembly project management of a suspended conveyor system was carried out. Critical path method was used. It has identified the assembly operations, the way they succeed in the technological process of assembly, the duration of the operations and the resources (labor force) necessary for their realization. This information has been processed through Microsoft Project resulting in critical activities (critical path), project duration, the ratio between the available and necessary resources (in the analyzed case a significant deficit of the machinist resource) and the corresponding costs. In order to solve the problem of resource requirements, two solutions were used: leveling resources and supplementing them in order to reduce the duration of critical activities. Finally, a version of the conveyor assembly project management resulted in a balance between costs and duration.
Kinematics analysis of the swash plate mechanism
Authors: Alaci S , Pentiuc R D , Ciornei F-C , Buium F , Rusu O T
Published: September 2019

The swash plate mechanism is one of the most exploited mechanisms from technical applications due to its constrictive simplicity. The kinematical analysis supposes establishing the motion of the plunger as function of the motion of the plate and of the constructive characteristics of the mechanism. The work presents the kinematical analysis of the mechanism performed by two methods. In the first way, the mechanism is replaced by a mechanism with lower pairs to which the Hartenberg-Denavit procedure is applied. In the second way, the definition conditions of the pair of first class, plunger-plate, are used. The results are obviously identical for the two methods but for the second approach, the labour required for the analysis is significantly reduced. The main outcome of the paper refers to the scheme of kinematical solving of a mechanism. The type of pairs should be a criterion and for the higher pairs, the use of direct condition of the structural definition is recommended.
Sustainable mobility as a result of peoples’ awareness on environmental problems generated by transport activity
Authors: Mitran G , Ilie S , Igret S V , Mihailescu S
Published: September 2019

The field of mobility and transport has undergone major changes in recent decades, being a close link between it and the general economic development. Taking into consideration that urban areas concentrate the most of inhabitants and socio-economic activities, the negative effects generated by the increased road traffic are present mainly in the cities, especially in their central areas. People’s involvement in awareness-raising actions on environmental issues caused by transport activity is a starting point for achieving a sustainable urban mobility system. Information and awareness of people about the link between travel behavior that they adopt and negative effects on the environment is a first step towards educating them in order to shift to sustainable mobility patterns. The paper highlights the awareness and participation component of people in the development and implementation of sustainable urban mobility plans, as an educational action for environmental protection and sustainable mobility. This concept of involving citizens is detailed within a case study.
A brief assessment of outliers and malfunctions detecting techniques with an application on lubricant condition monitoring
Authors: Grebenişan G , Bogdan S , Salem N , Negrău D C
Published: September 2019

Condition monitoring and machine status classification are of great practical importance in the manufacturing industry as it provides online updates on the state of the machine, avoiding loss of production and minimizing the probability of generating catastrophic damage to the machine. In this paper, the classification of conditions is based on the processing of information using wavelets based on the results of the monitoring and the data collected during such an action, measuring the characteristics of the lubricating oil over some time sufficient to produce a time series of results. In this paper, the classification system is tested and validated using observation sequences based on the maximum wavelet distribution obtained from the collected signals, monitoring the state of the lubricating oil, to define and diagnose singularities in time series.
Introduction to the research of uncertainty in logistics management
Authors: Marzantowicz Ł , Dembińska I
Published: September 2019

The article aims to present the assumptions and results of the first part of the initial research of logistic management in conditions of uncertainty. As a result of the research, research gaps were identified which determine further directions of research in the problem above. The presented research results were analyzed using the statistical method of Spearman and Guilford, which allowed verifying the assumptions and determining the working version of the hypothesis and the partial purpose of further research. The evaluation of the survey results confirmed the need for conducting in-depth research in recognition of uncertainty conditions at the strategic management level.
Numerical study on the effects of using different concentrations of FAME blends on the spray structure of the injection process
Authors: Motogna M S , Moldovanu D , Mariasiu F
Published: September 2019

The present paper takes a closer look at the injection process characteristics for different conditions when there are used different FAME blends. Using a numerical approach, this work highlights the main implications and differences in terms of geometry, structure, and physical parameters of the injected fuel spray, when alternating the used fuels. In this attempt, AVL FIRE was used as simulation software solution giving the chance to alternate the used fuels and furthermore to create a direct link between the fuel properties, internal flowing, and jet spray characteristics. Because of the environmental and economic reasons, there are a growing tendency of using biofuel blends in increasing concentrations, as ample consumption of commercial fuels. As the physical properties of the Fatty Acid Methyl Ester fuels are very different compared with conventional diesel fuel, we expect that the fuel blends between them will show different behaviors in terms of internal nozzle flowing and thus it will generate different injection characteristics, being closely related with the biofuel concentration. The main objective of this paper is to set a dependency between the used fuels, nozzle geometry, and injection parameters that should be adapted, to meet the emissions standards and to obtain a properly burning.
Restoration and PLC control of a material handling MP-9S industrial manipulator platform
Authors: Horváth P P , Erdei T I , Husi G
Published: September 2019

In this project, a material handling MP-9S industrial manipulator was restored and put into operation. In its starting state, the only the manipulator itself was available, without a functioning controller. As a part of the restoration, the manipulator’s mechanical structure was examined, the existing electrical connections and sensors were checked, its missing controller was replaced, and was later programmed to execute an example task. The control system was designed to flexible and able to accommodate a wide variety of controllers. In its currently realized state, the program can be observed and interacted with by the implementation of a Human-Machine Interface. These tasks and the necessary tests were completed at the robotics lab of University of Debrecen, Faculty of Engineering.
The assessment of the financial performance based upon ratios. A comparative analysis
Authors: Tudose M B , Avasilcai S
Published: September 2019

This study presents a comparative analysis model of the financial performance for two large companies operating in the field of production and trading of car parts. The model has as a starting point the assessment of the dynamics of liquidity, sales and profitability ratios (for a period of ten years). Based upon the preliminary results, the compound annual growth ratios were calculated and the trends (for the following seven years) were determined. All of these have made it possible to identify the performance profiles for the two companies. The study reveals that the financial performance was made more vulnerable by the insufficient cash availability (the cash reserves are not adequate for the current debt, assets and sales volume) and by the low levels of the recorded profit ratios (measured by the net profit margin, ROE and the return on shares). Although the cash and profit analysis reveals a cascade increase, the sales performance and return on equity ratios remain burdened by too high operating costs. To improve liquidity and profitability have been identified measures to meet the objective of ensuring the business sustainability.
Experimental research regarding the influence of AdBlue solution temperature on internal combustion engines pollutants
Authors: Capătă D M S , Popa M F , Burnete N , Ungureşan M L
Published: September 2019

The constraints related to the environment, the vehicle’s pollution, as well as the increase in the number of the registered vehicles have to lead to the development and implementation of complex systems for the treatment of exhaust gases. The pursued purpose of the given regulations and environment norms has been the decrease of the main pollutants measured at the vehicle’s exhaust pipe, that is: the nitrogen oxides, particles, carbon monoxide. This paper presents the experimental research and the results obtained on the influence of the solution AdBlue on the pollution performances – studies that have been achieved at Volvo Romania SRL. Thus, taking into consideration the evolution of the temperature of the reductant from -40°C to +40 °C, there are underlined the performances insured by SCR and the dependency of the pollutants on these temperatures, fulfilling the usual usage measures. The variations recorded for nitrogen oxides (after the catalyzer for catalytic reduction), the reductant consumption and the efficiency of SCRtransformation at different values of the AdBlue solution are being presented using graphic representations.
The effect of changing training data on a fixed deep learning detection model
Authors: Nasser A N , Alsabbagh A , Géza H
Published: September 2019

Within the lack of accurate data, for some computer vision applications, researchers usually use other pictures collected from different sources for the training. To know the effect of these added data, we compare the detection results of a customized dataset of objects, using the same detection model, while changing the training data fed into the network. For our work, we run the detection on images captured by the Microsoft Kinect sensor after training the network on different combinations of training data. The first part of the training data is captured by the Kinect itself, and the second is collected from several sources from the internet, referred to as collected images. We then change the distribution of these images between training and validation to feed them into the fixed training model. The results prove that this distribution of data can considerably affect training and detection results under the same model parameters. In addition, mixing the captured images with other collected ones can improve these results.
Improving the engineering education system – a students’ perception
Authors: Simion C P , Slusariuc G C , Stanciu R D , Bucovetchi O
Published: September 2019

Nowadays, we hear more and more complains about the quality of the Romanian educational system that decreased over the last decades. Therefore, one of the three pillars of the 2018-2030 strategy regarding the education system is “the adaptability of the educational system to external changes and trends of the future”. As everybody may notice, trends change with every new generation. Those who are now students, the so-called members of the Z-generation are different from those before them. The authors consider that to identify the best teaching methods for increasing the efficiency of the educational process, it is necessary to address to the representatives of the Z generation. Starting from their expectations, a more efficient strategy can be developed. This will lead to an increase in the quality of the educational activities and a better integration of the graduates on the labor market. The authors chose two universities in Romania (University “Politehnica” of Bucharest and University of Petrosani) for the pilot sample and leaded several focus groups that aimed to identify students’ dissatisfaction and expectations towards the educational process. After analyzing the results, there were identified several elements that can be implemented in the didactic process for improving it.
Application of new data formats for electronic document management in government bodies
Authors: Pysarenko V , Dorohan- Pysarenko L , Kantsedal N
Published: September 2019

Increasing the volume of information around the world and the rapid development of the latest information technologies led to the emergence of new opportunities for their use in the life of society, in the work of the authorities and local self-government. The introduction of computer technology for the processing, transferring, storage and use of information have led to the creation of documents on fundamentally new media, which caused the emergence of such concepts as an electronic document or document in electronic form. Analyzing the current state of the organization of processes of electronic document circulation in the activities of the public administration bodies of Ukraine as a component of e-government, it should be noted that there is a need for further study of the problem issues of the implementation of electronic document circulation, namely the order of application of electronic documents and the composition of their identity and legal registration, in order to provide legal force electronic documents and make it possible to use them on a par with paper documents. The development is devoted to the possibilities of using a new type of biometric digital signature in electronic documents of public administration bodies. The advantages and disadvantages of using this type of digital signature are analyzed. The directions of introduction of alternative means of identification of the person with the signing of electronic documents are indicated.
Using “GUI” programming environments to calculate the level of service at intersections
Authors: Dumitru I , Racila L D , Matei L , Tutunea D , Florescu B S
Published: September 2019

Inside busy cities, road congestion is common due to the large number of vehicles. Modifying existing infrastructure only for certain periods of peak time or for specific events involves high costs, so it is desirable to use its full capacity. At the same time those in charge of traffic optimization level infrastructure and coordination are municipalities. Based on the above premises it can be seen that for a better optimization of traffic in a critical situation and require the use of unique software for calculating traffic light times, service level, etc. The paper aims at using software platforms in “GUI” applications to be used in the context of dynamic changes in road traffic.
Urban buses gearbox faults analysis
Authors: Dan S C , Mureşan R D , Burnete N
Published: September 2019

Urban busses have to assure transport of thousands/tens of thousands/hundreds of thousands passengers, on short distances and in extreme working conditions that stress the transmission. The multitude and diversity of buses that are used in public transportation in the cities of Romania, the structure of available fleets, the different road categories that are used for public transportation and the way that public transport is organised – are all factors that influence different faults of urban busses gearbox. In these conditions, reliability and durability of transmission composing elements are affected considerably. This paper is the result of a study that highlights the gearbox faults that appeared in the urban busses of one of Romania’s important public transport company. The data analysed in this study has been collected from the order vouchers prepared in the workshop, containing information about the supposed fault that caused the bus to be called for repairs and the actual faults that needed intervention by the personnel, the last ones being considered as faults and noted as such.
Research on the relationship between chromatic vision and biomechanics of the posture and the gait cycle
Authors: Baritz M. I.
Published: September 2019

Visual screening is a complex source of information, usable in the medical field, in vision recovery or sports, to increase performance in various sports fields that require the use of the visual system. For the study of the visual system a variety of methods are used, starting from visual parameters analysis, biomechanics, computer simulations and modelling and completing with optical and video analysis on kinematic and dynamic parameters. In many researches, a very close link between visual function and loco-motor function is identified, considering that the visual system is that which, when in dysfunction or overexploited, can cause changes in the characteristics of the gait cycle and posture of the human body. Thus, the first part of the paper analysis the general aspects of the behaviour of the visual system without dysfunctions and its connection with the loco-motor system. In the second part of the paper is presented an experimental setup for the analysis of the influence of chromatic stress on the way of movement and the posture of the human subjects, and in the third part of the paper the recordings made on footscan pressure plate and respectively with the perception assessment software application colour are presented. In the final part of the paper the results of the processing of this information and the conclusions from the experiment are presented.
Imbalance in local revenues from property taxes in Poland versus local infrastructure expenditures
Authors: Forys Iwona , Cymerman Joanna
Published: September 2019

The imbalance in the public finance sphere is equated with the budget deficit, when the inflows to the local budgets do not cover the expenses. In the article, the imbalance is understood in two ways: as the deficit of property tax revenues, in relation to the public expenditures for purposes directly related to the infrastructure that increase the value of a property or change its purpose; and as a spatial imbalance in the amount of revenues in the individual territorial self-government units. The second approach will examine the disproportion of tax and per capita spending broken down into urban, rural and urban-rural communes, as well as the search for the causes of disproportions in the level of tax revenues. The aim of the study is to indicate a permanent budget deficit within the meaning of earmarked expenditure (income from property tax - expenses on real estate infrastructure) in the surveyed units, and a strong differentiation of this deficit in the three groups of local government units examined. The study will use the data from public statistics and methods of multidimensional analysis. The obtained results may be another argument in favor of introducingad valoretax in Poland, as well as implementing the concept of activity-based budgets, and prescribing generic inflows to expenditures on related purposes.
49 Health and Social Care Professionals’ Perceptions Regarding Home-Care Robots for Older People in Ireland: A Questionnaire Study
Authors: Kodate Naonori , Donnelly Sarah , Tsujimura Mayuko , Suwa Sayuri
Published: September 2019

Background

Home-care robots have been developed as one of the assistive technologies, and benefits and challenges of their use have been debated in many countries. Research teams in Japan, Finland and Ireland carried out a questionnaire to explore perceptions of potential users (older people, family caregivers, and health and social care professionals (HSCPs)) towards the use of home-care robots. As part of a larger tri-country comparative study, this paper reports preliminary findings from the data collected from the online survey of HSCPs in Ireland.

Methods

Questionnaire was developed iteratively among the research teams in three countries. Questions related to the use of advocates in deciding whether to use home-care robots, desirable functions in such robots, and perceptions of privacy protection. Based on networks of professional and advocacy groups, HSCPs were contacted and 123 respondents took part in the questionnaire, and 46 fully completed the questionnaire.

Results

Out of 46 respondents (44 female, 1 male and 1 did not wish to specify), 80% answered that they are open to the use of home-care robots. Safety monitoring and alert functions were considered to be most desirable in home-care robots. 76% of the respondents placed importance on the guarantee of entitlement to receiving human care, irrespective of the use of home-care robots. 30% answered that they have a negative impression of robots, to some extent. The overall majority (N=39, 85%) felt strongly that a decision as to whether to use home-care robots should be made by the user, and that the access to data collected in any form by robots requires extra care.

Conclusion

While there was generally a positive perception of the use of home-care robots among Irish HSCPs, cautious attitudes were evident in the areas of decision-making and privacy. This study was funded by the Pfizer Health Research Foundation.
61 Impact of Dedicated Geriatrician Involvement on National Emergency Laparotomy Audit Standards and Outcomes
Authors: Coary Roisin , Jenkins Kath , Mitchell Emma , Pullyblank Anne , Shipway David
Published: September 2019

Background

Older patients undergoing emergency laparotomy (EmLap) have high levels of mortality and morbidity. The National Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA) in the United Kingdom records processes and outcome measures for patients undergoing EmLap. Recent data shows that geriatrician review is associated with reduced post-surgical mortality (Oliver C.M. et al., British Journal of Anaesthesia 2018). Geriatrician review of all patients aged ≥70 years is a NELA standard. However, the most recent national report shows only 23% compliance, falling short of the target of 80% and consistently the poorest performing standard.

Methods

In August 2018, we established a dedicated gastrointestinal surgery liaison service to replace ad hoc geriatrician reviews. We evaluated the impact on NELA standard compliance and patient outcomes.

Data were extracted from the local NELA database on all patients aged ≥70 years, for the first six months of the service (September to February). These were compared to the same time period in the preceding year prior to service launch.

Results

Following service introduction, increased numbers of patients aged ≥70 years underwent EmLap: 50 (2018-9) vs 31 (2017-8). Geriatrician review occurred in 86% (n=43) in 2018-9, compared to 16% (n=5) in 2017-8. Inpatient mortality fell from 23% (n=7) in 2017-8 to 14% (n=7) in 2018-9. Discharge to own home rose to 76% (n=38) in 2018-9 from 68% (n=21) in 2017-8. One patient in each cohort was newly discharged to a nursing home. Mean length of stay was 17.9 days in 2018-9 (range 3-75), versus 17.6 in 2017-8 (range 3-94).

Conclusion

Introduction of a dedicated geriatric surgical liaison service is associated with increased compliance with NELA standards. Despite more emergency laparotomies being performed on older patients, this was associated with improved mortality and rates of home discharge, consistent with published data. Targeted investment in surgical liaison services may therefore be warranted.
71 Challenges of Delayed Discharges – A Rehabilitation Hospital’s Perspective
Authors: Soh Josephine , O'Connor Marie
Published: September 2019

Background

Delayed discharge is a system level problem. It is prevalent internationally, expensive and associated with detrimental outcomes for both patients and health care staff. The aim of this study was to examine reasons for delayed discharges and investigate the relationship between it and clinical complications in a rehabilitation unit.

Methods

A retrospective study design of patients on delayed discharge list, from December 2017 to August 2018. Data collected from review of medical charts and electronic patient records (BlueSpier).

Results

62 patients were identified as delayed discharges, representing 33.3% of the total 186 discharges from the ward, over a 9-month period. Data was obtained for 27 patients. Mean age was 82 years (66-96 years) with an equal male: female ratio. Mean bed days lost was 37 days (4-274 days). 63% of discharges were delayed due to home care packages (HCP), including 44.4% (n=12) awaiting approval of new HCP and the remaining 18.5% (n=5) awaiting an increase in hours. 25.5% (n=7) of delayed patients were awaiting suitable nursing home placements. Other reasons for delayed discharges included awaiting equipment for home (n=5), home adaptations (n=3) and ward of court proceedings (n=1).

Morbidities and clinical complications were common among delayed patients. 26% (n=7) became more dependent in mobility at discharge and 51.9% (n=14) experienced clinical complications. These complications include infections (n=9), falls (n=3), acute delirium (n=2), exacerbation of heart failure (n=1), low mood (n=1), acute coronary syndrome (n=1) and pressure sore (n=1).

Conclusion

1 in 3 discharges from our rehabilitation ward were delayed. These delays led to functional decline in our patients and exposed them to avoidable adverse outcomes by unnecessary prolonging hospitalisation. Resources need to be directed towards prompt delivery of community services to facilitate a safe and timely hospital discharge.
73 Challenges in Developing an Age-friendly County Programme in Ireland: Translating Global WHO Policy into Local Practice
Authors: McDonald Bernard
Published: September 2019

Background

Developing age-friendly communities is a significant global policy issue. The WHO (2007) age-friendly cities and communities initiative has had a significant influence on the development of Ireland’s Age-Friendly Programme. With research on such programmes still at an early stage, this paper critically examines the utilisation of the WHO age-friendly planning framework in an Irish context. It explores older adults’ experience of living in two towns in an ‘age-friendly’ county and, in parallel, examines stakeholders’ perspectives on the development of the county’s age-friendly programme. This multi-perspectival approach facilitates an assessment of how the age-friendly county programme addresses older residents’ needs, and illustrates how the WHO conceptual and planning framework has worked in an Irish context.

Methods

The paper reports on a study which employed a mixed-method, qualitative case-study research design, using a constructivist grounded theory approach to explore the lived experience of older adults, and a case-study framework for the stakeholder perspective.

Results

The research identifies salient social and cultural dimensions of the day-to-day lived experience of older people which, although they impact on the age-friendliness of the places in which they live, are neglected in the WHO framework. It also identifies a unique combination of economic, political, cultural, and organisational factors which have impacted on age-friendly programme development in Ireland.

Conclusion

In critically analysing use of the WHO age-friendly model, the paper suggests ways in which the model can be modified to better accommodate the diverse experience of older adults not only in Ireland, but also in other geographic and cultural contexts.