bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEW POSSIBILITIES OF ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF I NFECTED ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: Duzhyi I. D. , Shymko V. V. , Alyamani N. J. , Piatykop H. I.
Published: October 2021

Summary. Introduction. One of the most difficult problems in surgery today is the treatment of acute pancreatitis, which remains the third most frequent acute surgical disease. The frequency of the latter is growing every year. Despite the achievements of pharmacotherapy and infusion therapy, mortality in acute pancreatitis remains at the level of 15–45 %, and in the development of purulent complications it reaches 70–80 %.

The urgency of the problem. The use of antibiotics for complicated pancreatic necrosis is obvious, but antibiotic therapy does not always lead to the desired result. Given this, the attitudes of surgeons to the use of antibiotics do not coincide, especially when it comes to their preventive use. The above determines the urgency of the problem.

Purpose of work. To study the possibilities of new ways of supplying antibiotics to the pancreas in its acute inflammation.

Materials and methods. We have studied the immediate results of the use of antibiotics in acute pancreatitis in the conditions of their introduction by the lymphotropic route. The examination of patients was performed according to generally accepted methods, including ultrasound at admission and on the 4th day of treatment.

Results and discussion. During the first 4 days of treatment, the patient’s condition almost normalized: the pain in the first day was localized in the epigastrium, changing from cutting and «tearing» to dull; weakness, dry mouth disappeared and the temperature returned to normal. The number of leukocytes decreased from (10,5 ± 3,8)×109/l to (6,6 ± 2,4) × 109/l. The leukocyte index of intoxication according to Calf-Calif decreased by (2,63 ± 0,7) cu, ESR – normalized, the amount of blood amylase decreased on average from 500 cu. up to 50 cu. This was due to a decrease in the volume of the pancreas in the head, body, cauda by 6,4 – 3,9 – 7,0 mm, respectively.

Conclusions. The lymphotropic route of administration of antibiotics to the inflamed pancreas contributed to its reduction, which was accompanied by an improvement in the indicators of the inflammatory process according to Calf-Caliph, a decrease in the number of leukocytes and ESR, reduced gland volume and elimination of pain and other signs of the disease by the 4th day.
PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE SPHINCTER COMPLEX IN THE TREATMENT OF RECTAL FISTULAS
Authors: Firsyk T. M. , Kryvoruchko I. A. , Bozhko O. P.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Introduction. Preoperative determination of the functional state of the sphincter apparatus of the rectum is an important part of the treatment of patients. Assessment and analysis of the functional viability of the anal sphincter are necessary for the choice of tactics for surgical correction of rectal fistulas. This approach makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of a specific surgical method and determine the degree of sphincter insufficiency in the postoperative period.

The aim of the study: to assess the normative values of neurophysiologicsl parameters of the sphincter apparatus of the rectum and pelvic floor muscles by using the method of electrosphincteromyography.

Materials and methods. The study included 93 patients who were treated in the surgical department of the Kharkiv Regional Hospital for rectal fistulas. Indicators of the contractile function of the sphincter apparatus were determined by the method of interference electrosphincteromyography in the preoperative period. The comparison group consisted of 28 volunteers who did not have rectal diseases associated with impaired intestinal retention function (0 points on the Wexner incontinence scale).

Results. The standard values of the bioelectrical activity of the sphincter apparatus were obtained by examining a group of volunteers by the method of interference electrosphincteromyography. The analysis of the results obtained demonstrates a slight decrease in the initial indicators of the bioelectric activity of the sphincter complex in the postoperative period.

Conclusions. Minimally invasive methods of surgical treatment of rectal fistulas are preferred, because during the study, patients showed a decrease in the initial parameters of the contractile viability of the anal sphincter.
Fatigue and fracture resistance and survival of occlusal veneers of composite resin and ceramics blocks in posterior teeth with occlusal wear: A protocol for a systematic review
Authors:   Universidad de Cuenca- Facultad de Odontología, MALDONADO KARELYS , ESPINOZA JUAN , ASTUDILLO DANIELA , BRAVO WILSON
Published: October 2021

Review question / Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the scientific evidence that evaluates fatigue and fracture resistance, survival, and stress distribution, of composite resin CAD/CAM and ceramic CAD/CAM occlusal veneers in posterior teeth with severe occlusal wear. Condition being studied: Currently there is an increase in cases of dental wear, due to several factors such as: excessive consumption of carbonated drinks, a diet high in acids, gastric diseases, anorexia, bulimia, dental grinding, use of highly abrasive toothpastes, or a combination of these(9) (10) (11) (12); which affect the patient in several aspects: loss of vertical dimension, sensitivity due to the exposure of dentin, esthetics, affectation of the neuromuscular system(11) (13) (14). With the advent of minimally invasive dentistry, occlusal veneers have been found to be a valid option to rehabilitate this type of cases and thus avoid greater wear of the dental structure with full coverage restorations. Sometimes when performing a tabletop it is not necessary to perform any preparation, thus preserving the maximum amount of dental tissue(3) (6) (15). Due to the masticatory load either in patients without parafunction where the maximum masticatory force is approximately 424 N for women and 630 N for men or in those who present parafunction where the maximum bite force can vary from 780 to 1120N(7), it is necessary that the occlusal veneers support that load which makes indispensable a compilation of studies investigating both fatigue and fracture resistance and the survival rate of occlusal veneers in different materials and thicknesses.
ЭШЕРИХИОЗ ҚОЗДЫРУШЫСЫНЫҢ ЗАРДАПТЫЛЫҚ ҚАСИЕТІ
Authors: Көшкімбаев С.С , Сарыбаева Д.А. , Орынтаев Қ.Б. , Жылқайдар А.Ж. , Рысбаев М.
Published: October 2021

Мал шаруашылығы өнімдерін арттырудың негізі жаңа туылған төлдерді сақтап қалу, күтіп-бағудың жаңаша жағдайларына бейімделген, жақсы дамыған төлдерді өсіру болып табылады.Төл басын жоғалтудың негізгі себептері асқазан-ішек жолдары мен тыныс жолда-рының инфекциялық аурулары. Осы аурулар шаруашылыққа әжептәуір экономикалық шығын әкеледі, оны, төл басының 50-80% ауруға ұшырап, оның ішінде 30-40% өлім жітімге ұшырайтындығымен түсіндіруге болады. Мақалада төл ауруларының кең көлемде тараған ауруларының бірі эшерихиоз ауруына шағын сипаттама бере отырып, өлгeн жәнe клиникалық сау бұзаулардан бөлініп алынған адгeзивті антигeнгe иe эшeрихия өсінділерінің зардаптылық қасиeтін әртүрлі жануарлар эритроцитін гeмолиздeу қабілeтінe қарай анықталған, сондай-ақ ақ тышқандарға биосынама қойылған. Зардапты эшeрихиялар үш – альфа, бeта жәнe дeльта гeмотоксиндeрін түзетіндігі, E.соli гeмолитикалық бeлсeнділігін анықтау нәтижeсі анықталған. Арнайы зертханада морфологиялық, биохимиялық, антигендік және уыттылық қасиеттерін зерттеу нәтижелері бойынша 6 штамның екі штамын - E.coli 21 (K 99), E.coli 36 (F-41) сұрыптап алынып, гипериммундеуге пайдаланылған. Жүргізілгeн зeрттeу нәтижелері жаңа туылған бұзаулардың арасында асқазан-ішeк жолдары ауруларының этиологиясында бактeриалық инфeкцияның маңызы зор eкeнін көрсeтті.
ТАМШЫЛАТЫП СУҒАРУ ЖАҒДАЙЫНДА АҢЫЗДЫҚ ДАҚЫЛДАР ӨНІМДІЛІГІН ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУ ЕРЕКШЕЛІКТЕРІ
Authors: Оспанбаев Ж. , Досжанова А.С. , Абдразаков Е. , Қожагелді Е.
Published: October 2021

Мақалада аңызға себілген дақылдардың өсу мүмкіндігі мен өнімділік қалыптастыруын басқа технологиямен салыстыра отырып оның тиімділігін бағалау қарастырылған. Оңтүстік және оңтүстік-шығыс өңірлерде өсімдік шаруашылығын әртараптандыру резервтерінің бірі дәнді-бұршақты, майлы және жемдік дақылдарды қайта сеуіп өсіру мүмкіндігі бар. Дақылдар мен сорттарды дұрыс таңдау және бұл дақылдардың өз уақытында біркелкі көктеп шығуы аралық және аңыздық дақылдары үшін толық өнім алудың кепілдігі болып табылады. Екінші егіннің есебінен егіс алқаптарын ұлғайтпай дәнді-бұршақты, майлы және жемшөп дақылдарының қосымша өнімін өндіру орнықты жемшөп базасын құрудың, елдің ауыл шаруашылығын дамытудың басым бағыттары – биоотын алудың маңызды көзіне айналуы мүмкін.Зерттеулер нәтижесінде негізгі дақыл ретінде 1 га-дан 100 және одан да көп центнерден жоғары өнім алуды қамтамасыз ететін күздік бидай ең қолайлы екені дәлелденді. Күздік бидай мен арпаны өсіру кезінде алғашқы негізгі дақыл ретінде тұқым себудің оңтайлы нормасы 1 га-ға 4 миллион өнгіш дән болып табылады. рапс, қыша, майлы зығыр және қарақұмықтың достық және толық көшеттерін алу үшін өңделмеген сабанға тұқымдарды тікелей себу тиімді. Іле Алатауының тау бөктеріндегі аймағында қыша мен рапс, Қырғыз Алатауының тау бөктеріндегі аймағында қыша, бұршақ және тары жасыл массадан қосымша өнім алу үшін аңыздық себу үшін неғұрлым жарамды дақылдар болып табылады. Егін егу кезінде генеративті бөліктің тауарлық өнімін алу үшін ең қолайлы дақылдар-майлы зығыр, қарақұмық және қыша алынды.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ СТРУКТУРЫ УРОЖАЯ И ЕЁ СВЯЗЬ С ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬЮ У СЕЛЕКЦИОННЫХ ЛИНИЙ ЯРОВОЙ МЯГКОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ РАЗНЫХ МОРФОТИПОВ В ВОСТОЧНОМ КАЗАХСТАНЕ
Authors: Степанов К.А. , Чимкенова А.Е. , Байбусынова Ж.М.
Published: October 2021

В Восточном Казахстане, в связи с изменением климата и прогрессом земледелия, назрела необходимость создания и внедрения сортов яровой мягкой пшеницы интенсивного типа. Авторами впервые в зоне исследований начато создание, отбор и сравнительное изучение селекционных линий культуры дифференцированно по морфотипам: полукарлики (высота растения 66…80 см), среднерослые (81…95) и высокие (от 96 см). В 2020 году в питомнике СП-2 эти три группы линий изучались по урожайности, её компонентам (15 простым и 16 индексным) и по характеру корреляционных связей признаков структуры урожая с продуктивностью делянки. Целью было определение особенностей структуры урожая и корреляций её элементов с урожайностью в каждой группе, а также предва-рительная оценка морфотипов на соответствие выбранной стратегии интенсификации.Анализ структуры урожая выявил, что признаки, связанные с линейным размером и биомассой, увеличиваются от полукарликов к высоким линиям; число стерильных колосков и индексы (относительная продуктивность и озернённость), наоборот, снижаются; масса 1000 зёрен примерно одинакова, а по ряду параметров индивидуальной продуктивности преимущество у группы среднерослых линий.Корреляционный анализ показал, что у полукарликов урожайность была связана с густотой стояния и уплотнением колоса; слабые связи отмечены с высотой растения и массой 1000 зёрен. Перспективы данной группы в зоне исследований признаны спорными, предположена необходимость дальнейшего изучения. Высокорослые линии проявили экстенсивные закономерности: с урожаем была связана высота растения и слабо – биомасса, число колосков, общая жизненность (отрицательная связь с индексом налива). Высокие линии не соответствуют цели интенсификации зернового производства. В группе средне-рослых линий выявлены достоверные положительные средней силы корреляции урожайности с 7 признаками (число колосков, масса соломины и колоса, озернённость и продуктивность колоса и растения) и с 8 индексами. Наиболее выражены были корреляции с признаками, связанными с числом зёрен главного колоса. Достоверно отрицательная связь средней силы – у индекса налива зерна, что говорит о положительном влиянии адаптивных свойств (высокой жизненности). Группа среднерослых линий признана оптимальной для создания интенсивных сортов в зоне исследований.Масса 1000 зёрен в условиях региона либо не важна, либо пока не задействована и может послужить резервом для дальнейшего повышения продуктивности. Данный признак нуждается в дальнейшем изучении.
Relationship between Online Games and Aggression amongst Adolescents
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, Sahi Mahima , Bhagat Dr. Geeta ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Mehr Chand Mahajan DAV College for Women, Sector 36-A, Chandigarh
Published: October 2021

Online Gaming has been trending amongst the adolescents lately. A variety of studies posit Online Games to have diverse influences on the adolescent’s behavior viz. reducing stress, regulating anger, helping in relaxation etc. While other studies report a linear relationship between Online Gaming and Aggression. This paradox, therein, generates a curiosity to explore, the relationship between Online Gaming and Aggression. For this purpose, the current investigation, attempts to evaluate the relationship between “Online Gaming and Aggression amongst Adolescents” in the Indian setup. The sample comprised of 300 adolescents (150 males and 150 females) in the age range of 14-16 years. The Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire- Short Form, POGQ-SF (Papay et al., 2013) and The Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992) were administered. Positive associations were observed between Online Gaming and various dimensions of Aggression viz. Verbal Aggression, Hostility, Anger and Total Aggression (p < .01). Results from the current investigation, therefore, could be utilized heuristically to develop interventional strategies so as to regulate the gaming activity of adolescents and reduce their overall levels of Aggression.
THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON REGIONAL PRICE DISPERSION IN THE US
Authors: Genc Ismail H.
Published: October 2021

We analyze the behavior of inflation in the era of fast pace information thanks to technological advances, especially internet. Owing to readily available information, prices/inflation should quickly converge under perfect competition. To this end, we explore the possibility of price convergence in regional inflation in the USA including the permanency of such a phenomenon if observed, a concern for monetary policy makers. Empirically, we analyze standard deviation of regional inflation with special attention to technology. We show that standard deviation of inflation is not constant over time, but not necessarily ever-declining. Technology seems to help reduce price dispersion across regions.
Binary Comb Models for FRB 121102
Authors: Wada Tomoki , Ioka Kunihito , Zhang Bing
Published: October 2021

The first repeating fast radio burst source, FRB 121102, is observed to emit bursts with a periodically modulated rate. We show that FRB 121102 can be interpreted as an interacting neutron star binary system with an orbital period of ∼159 days. We develop a binary comb model by introducing an eccentricity into the orbit. Besides the original funnel mode of the binary comb model, which was applied to FRB 180916.J0158+65 by Ioka & Zhang, we also identify two new modes of the binary comb model, i.e., the τ-crossing mode and the inverse funnel mode, and apply them to interpret FRB 121102. These new developments expand the applicable parameter space, allowing the companion star to be a massive star, a massive black hole, or a supermassive black hole, with the latter two having larger parameter spaces. These models are also consistent with other observations, such as the persistent bright radio counterpart associated with the source. We also argue that the observed frequency dependence of the active window does not disfavor the binary comb model, in contrast to recent claims, and propose two possible scenarios to interpret the data.
Evidence of a Dwarf Galaxy Stream Populating the Inner Milky Way Halo
Authors: Malhan Khyati , Yuan Zhen , Ibata Rodrigo A. , Arentsen Anke , Bellazzini Michele , Martin Nicolas F.
Published: October 2021

Stellar streams produced from dwarf galaxies provide direct evidence of the hierarchical formation of the Milky Way. Here, we present the first comprehensive study of the LMS-1 stellar stream, that we detect by searching for wide streams in the Gaia EDR3 data set using the STREAMFINDER algorithm. This stream was recently discovered by Yuan et al. We detect LMS-1 as a 60° long stream to the north of the galactic bulge, at a distance of ∼20 kpc from the Sun, together with additional components that suggest that the overall stream is completely wrapped around the inner Galaxy. Using spectroscopic measurements from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment, we infer that the stream is very metal-poor (〈[Fe/H]〉 = −2.1) with a significant metallicity dispersion (σ
[Fe/H] = 0.4), and it possesses a large radial velocity dispersion (σ

v
= 20 ± 4 km s−1). These estimates together imply that LMS-1 is a dwarf galaxy stream. The orbit of LMS-1 is close to polar, with an inclination of 75° to the galactic plane. Both the orbit and metallicity of LMS-1 are remarkably similar to the globular clusters NGC 5053, NGC 5024, and the stellar stream Indus. These findings make LMS-1 an important contributor to the stellar population of the inner Milky Way halo.
Velocity Difference of Ions and Neutrals in Solar Prominences
Authors: Wiehr E. , Stellmacher G. , Balthasar H. , Bianda M.
Published: October 2021

Marked velocity excesses of ions relative to neutrals are obtained from two time series of the neighboring emission lines He i 5015 Å and Fe ii 5018 Å in a quiescent prominence. Their Doppler shifts show time variations of quasi-periodic character where the ions are faster than the neutrals, 1.0 ≤ V
macro(Fe ii)/V
macro(He i) ≤ 1.35 in series A and ≤1.25 in series B. This “ratio excess” confirms our earlier findings of a 1.22 ion velocity excess, but the present study shows a restriction in space and time of typically 5 Mm and 5 minutes. The ratio excess is superposed by a time- and velocity-independent “difference excess” of −0.3 ≤ V
macro(Fe ii)−V
macro(He i) ≤ +0.7 km s−1 in series A (also indicated in series B). The high repetition rate of 3.9 s enables the detection of high-frequency oscillations with several damped 22 s periods in series A. These show a ratio excess with a maximum of 1.7. We confirm the absence of a significant phase delay of He neutrals with respect to the Fe ions.
The Timing of Alluvial Fan Formation on Mars
Authors: Holo Samuel J. , Kite Edwin S. , Wilson Sharon A. , Morgan Alexander M.
Published: October 2021

The history of rivers on Mars is an important constraint on Martian climate evolution. The timing of relatively young, alluvial fan-forming rivers is especially important, as Mars’s Amazonian atmosphere is thought to have been too thin to consistently support surface liquid water. Previous regional studies suggested that alluvial fans formed primarily between the Early Hesperian and the Early Amazonian. In this study, we describe how a combination of a global impact crater database, a global geologic map, a global alluvial fan database, and statistical models can be used to estimate the timing of alluvial fan formation across Mars. Using our global approach and improved statistical modeling, we find that alluvial fan formation likely persisted into the last ∼2.5 Gyr, well into the Amazonian period. However, the data we analyzed were insufficient to place constraints on the duration of alluvial fan formation. Going forward, more crater data will enable tighter constraints on the parameters estimated in our models and thus further inform our understanding of Mars’s climate evolution.
Nomenclatural notes and typification of nine names related to Jasminum (Oleaceae)
Authors: Quang Bui Hong , Choudhary Ritesh Kumar , Lee Joongku
Published: October 2021

Lectotypes are designated here for the following nine validly published names:Jasminum alongense,J. anodontum,J. eberhardtii,J. harmandianum,J. lang,J. laxiflorum,J. pierreanum,J. rufohirtum, andJ. sinense.Jasminum langis reinstated as a distinct species.
Avoidable mortality from circulatory system diseases in Moldova
Authors: Stirba Vitalie V.
Published: October 2021

Mortality from avoidable circulatory system diseases causes one of the major losses in life expectancy, especially in males and population of working ages. The main contributors are the deaths caused by ischaemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and hypertensive diseases. This article analyses the trends in avoidable mortality caused by diseases of the circulatory system and estimates the possible increases in life expectancy due to the elimination of these causes of death. In this regard, the author uses methods of standardization, mortality decomposition and cause-elimination model. The study shows a decline in avoidable mortality from circulatory system diseases during the analyzed period, especially for earlier ages. At the same time, there is a significant differentiation in mortality dynamics depending on sex. In 2016–2018, avoiding these deaths could assure an increase in life expectancy by 3.8 years in males and 2.8 years in females. This possible increase in life expectancy could be partially achieved by improving the quality of the health care system and introducing policies and programs aimed at improving the health of the population. Moreover, programs aimed at preventing diseases of the circulatory system might influence on mortality diminution from other non-communicable diseases and external causes of death.
A new species of freshwater crab of the genus Nanhaipotamon Bott, 1968 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamidae) from Longhai, Fujian Province, China
Authors: Cai Mao-Rong , Tan Qi-Hong , Zou Jie-Xin
Published: October 2021

A new species of freshwater crab of the genus Nanhaipotamon Bott, 1968 is described from Xiaye Village, Chengxiang Town, Longhai County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, China. The new species is distinguished from congeners by the combination of characters of its carapace, third maxilliped, unequal chelipeds, triangular male abdomen and unique male first gonopod. Molecular evidence derived from partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COI genes also support the species as new.
Le moment 1970 sur la reproduction : Althusser et Bourdieu
Authors: Pallotta Julien
Published: October 2021

Cet article revient sur les propositions de théorie de la reproduction de l’ordre social par Louis Althusser et Pierre Bourdieu/Jean-Claude Passeron dans les années 1970. L’article « Idéologie et appareils idéologiques d’Etat » propose l’ébauche d’une théorie des conditions de la reproduction de la société capitaliste dans laquelle apparaît la thèse des appareils idéologiques d’État (AIE). Dans le système des AIE, Althusser dégage la centralité de l’AIE scolaire. Pierre Bourdieu et Jean-Claude Passeron fournissent, dans la Reproduction , en 1970, une théorie alternative entièrement centrée sur le système d’enseignement, mais dans une perspective politique différente, que l’on appellera républicaine critique. L’article se propose d’évaluer la portée et les divergences de ces deux critiques de l’ordre social, avant de finir par se demander comment ces propositions travaillent encore notre présent et comment il serait envisageable de les réactualiser.
« Venez comme vous êtes à l’islam tel qu’il est »
Authors: Galonnier Juliette
Published: October 2021

À partir d’entretiens avec des personnes converties à l’islam et d’observations ethnographiques dans une organisation musulmane américaine, cet article interroge la prévalence du registre discursif de l’individualisme religieux dans les récits de conversion. Il cherche à mettre en perspective ces récits en repérant la manière dont des organisations religieuses continuent de façonner durablement les croyances et les pratiques. Dans l’association étudiée, qui touche principalement les fractions aisées et éduquées de la population musulmane, le travail de conversion ainsi mené tire son efficacité de son euphémisation. Ce travail de conversion est aussi un travail de distinction qui traduit des préférences de classe et vise à se démarquer d’autres interprétations de l’islam.
Dans les limbes
Authors: Angey Gabrielle
Published: October 2021

Depuis quelques années et particulièrement au lendemain de la tentative du coup d’État du 15 juillet 2016, le mouvement musulman turc de Fethullah Gülen est réprimé à l’international, ce qui a de fortes répercussions sur l’engagement des fidèles. L’article porte sur la reconfiguration du travail sur soi orienté par l’institution religieuse chez des fidèles exilés en Afrique de l’Est, qui font face à un événement potentiellement porteur d’altérations de leur identité et de leurs dispositions incorporées. Son impact est mis en relation avec leurs socialisations au sein de l’institution religieuse et avec leurs trajectoires sociales antérieures.
Immigrées et filles d’immigrés : le recul des mariages forcés
Authors: Hamel Christelle
Published: October 2021

L’enquête Trajectoires et Origines a recueilli des informations sur les conditions dans lesquelles les personnes interrogées se sont mariées, permettant de repérer les cas de mariage « non consenti ». Il s’agit de mariage non souhaité, initié par le conjoint ou la famille mais accepté du fait de pressions d’ordre psychologique, social ou physique. Les femmes immigrées ayant entre 51 et 60 ans en 2008 sont 9 % à s’être mariées ainsi contre leur gré lors de leur première union. La fréquence est moindre chez les immigrées plus jeunes (2 % pour les 26-30 ans) et chez les filles d’immigrés (1 % des 26-30 ans). Les immigrées originaires des pays où le célibat est réprouvé et la sexualité prémaritale prohibée, comme la Turquie, le Maghreb et l’Afrique sahélienne, sont les premières concernées par les mariages non consentis.
Population mondiale : les cartes interactives du site de l’Ined
Authors: Pison Gilles , Mathian Hélène , Plumejeaud Christine , Gensel Jérôme
Published: October 2021

L’Institut national d’études démographiques offre un nouvel outil de cartes interactives de la population accessible en ligne gratuitement sur son site Internet. Il permet d’afficher les cartes de tous les pays de la planète pour une trentaine d’indicateurs démographiques avec la possibilité de suivre leur évolution dans le temps comme un film. Il est aussi possible de choisir un pays et de le comparer à ses voisins, de voyager d’un pays à l’autre en observant comment l’indicateur évolue, d’observer les variations géographiques d’un indicateur sans tenir compte des frontières nationales et enfin de se positionner sur un point de la carte et observer comment la population, ou toute autre quantité, se répartit autour de ce point.
Dix ans de diffusion des euros étrangers en France
Authors: Grasland Claude , Guérin-Pace France , Le Texier Marion , Garnier Bénédicte
Published: October 2021

Depuis leur mise en circulation en 2002, les pièces d’euro ont été brassées de part et d’autre des frontières. L'examen de la face nationale des pièces permet de reconstituer indirectement les mobilités des individus qui les ont transportées et d'en déduire l'intensité des relations internationales. En France, la proportion des euros d'origine étrangère est passée de 5 % en mars 2002 à 34 % en décembre 2011, plus élevée pour les pièces à forte valeur (50 centimes, 1 ou 2 euros) qui circulent davantage. La distance aux frontières demeure un élément déterminant expliquant la domination des pièces espagnoles dans le sud-ouest ; allemandes ou belges dans le nord-est. Au-delà des déplacements frontaliers, les mobilités de travail entre métropoles ou les migrations touristiques contribuent aussi au mélange, comme le montre la présence ubiquiste des pièces italiennes.
Les maternités précoces en recul dans le monde
Authors: Pison Gilles
Published: October 2021

En 2010, il est né 54 enfants pour 1000 femmes ayant entre 15 et 19 ans dans le monde, soit 16 % de moins qu’en 2000. Le recul de la fécondité précoce est associé au retard du mariage ou de la vie de couple chez les femmes, lié lui-même à leur scolarisation et à l’évolution de leur statut dans la société. En France, après avoir augmenté au cours des trois premiers quarts du xx e siècle sous l’effet de la libéralisation des mœurs, la fréquence des maternités précoces a été divisée par quatre dans les années 1970 et 1980 grâce à la libéralisation de la contraception et de l’avortement.
The extended Weibull–Fréchet distribution: properties, inference, and applications in medicine and engineering
Authors: Hussein Ekramy A. ,   Department of Statistics, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11651, Egypt, Aljohani Hassan M. , Afify Ahmed Z. ,   Department of Mathematics & Statistics, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Statistics, Mathematics and Insurance, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a flexible version of the Fréchet distribution called the extended Weibull–Fréchet (EWFr) distribution is proposed. Its failure rate has a decreasing shape, an increasing shape, and an upside-down bathtub shape. Its density function can be a symmetric shape, an asymmetric shape, a reversed-J shape and J shape. Some mathematical properties of the EWFr distribution are explored. The EWFr parameters are estimated using several frequentist estimation approaches. The performance of these methods is addressed using detailed simulations. Furthermore, the best approach for estimating the EWFr parameters is determined based on partial and overall ranks. Finally, the performance of the EWFr distribution is studied using two real-life datasets from the medicine and engineering sciences. The EWFr distribution provides a superior fit over other competing Fréchet distributions such as the exponentiated-Fréchet, beta-Fréchet, Lomax–Fréchet, and Kumaraswamy Marshall–Olkin Fréchet.
Decay properties for evolution-parabolic coupled systems related to thermoelastic plate equations
Authors: Cai Zihan ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, Guangdong University of Finance, Yingfu Road, Guangzhou 510521, China, Liu Yan , Ouyang Baiping ,   College of Data Science, Guangzhou Huashang College, Huashang Road, Guangzhou 511300, China
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem for a family of evolution-parabolic coupled systems, which are related to the classical thermoelastic plate equations containing non-local operators. By using diagonalization procedure and WKB analysis, we derive representation of solutions in the phase space. Then, sharp decay properties in a framework of $ L^p-L^q $ are investigated via these representations. Particularly, some thresholds for the regularity-loss type decay properties are found.
Comparative Analysis of Mobile Learning Trends of Physical Education Teaching Students: Republic of Kosovo and Russia Example
Authors: Vehapi Shemsedin , Asafova Elena V. , Erdyneeva Klavdiya G. , Tyazhelnikov Andrey A. , Zhdanov Sergei P. , Shaidullina Albina R.
Published: October 2021

The aim of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis of the mobile learning trends of students of the physical education teaching department studying in The Republic of Kosovo and Russia. In this research, causal comparative research method was used. The study group consists of 40 students studying physical education teaching at various universities in Kosovo and Russia in the 2020-2021 academic year. A total of 80 students participated in the study. The research data were collected by the semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher and the data was analyzed by content analysis method. The research results reveal that students studying in both countries have a high mobile learning tendency. In addition, students from both countries have similarly defined the advantages and disadvantages of mobile device use in education.
Digital Transformation in Education: Teacher Candidate Views on Mobile Learning
Authors: Qarkaxhja Yusuf , Kryukova Nina I. , Cherezova Yana A. , Rozhnov Sergey N. , Khairullina Elmira R. , Bayanova Almira R.
Published: October 2021

The number of technological tools used in education is increasing day by day. Studies on mobile learning have increased in recent years. Future teachers’ views on mobile learning are very important. In line with this purpose, the opinions of teacher candidates on mobile learning were taken by using qualitative research method in order to determine in detail their views on mobile learning. The participants of the study consists of 61 teacher candidates studying at Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Kazan National Research Technological University and Kazan (Volga region) Federal University. The opinions of pre-service teachers selected on the basis of voluntarism were analysed by content analysis method. The research questions were prepared by the researchers by taking expert opinion. The findings obtained as a result of the research are given in detail in the findings and results section.
Innovative Methods and Technologies of Training Specialists in Postgraduate Pedagogical Education
Authors: Sovetkanova Damira , Turgunbayeva Botagul , Chinibayeva Gulnar , Aiman Berikkhanova , Imansydykova Nurgul
Published: October 2021

In the context of postgraduate pedagogical education reform, transition to multi-level training of teachers, ensuring competitiveness of specialists in a reasonable labor market, issue of preparing future teachers for professional and pedagogical activities is very relevant. Since the Republic of Kazakhstan joined ranks of independent States, changes in public awareness, along with all its areas, have increased the requirements for the level of teachers’ professionalism, achievements in science and industry, and introduction of advanced technologies. The aim of this study is to consider the training of creative teachers who think innovatively, make complex pedagogical decisions, formulate problems, and change their stereotypes. The research uses a review of literature and an interview method to arrive at its findings. As part of the findings, the research reports that using research projects are a good way to train teachers
A Comprehensive Evaluation System of Practical Ability of Physical Education Teaching Based on Classification and Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Deng Qing
Published: October 2021

The practical ability is an important skill of college students majoring in physical education (PE). It can be subdivided into general practical ability and professional practical ability. This paper summarizes the current state of PE teaching practice in colleges, and applies classification and clustering algorithm to the comprehensive evaluation of the practical ability of PE teaching. The results show that the practical ability of PE majors is empirical, contextual, developmental, and personal. During the self-evaluation of practical ability, communication ability won the highest satisfaction among PE majors. In terms of social PE coaching ability, interpersonal communication ability won the highest satisfaction among PE majors. The research findings of this paper lay a basis for the curriculum reform of PE major, and the comprehensive evaluation of education practical ability.
“Surgical Nursing” Curriculum Reform based on Online-offline Dual-teaching Model
Authors: Deng Haiyan , Li Chunyan
Published: October 2021

Surgical Nursing is the major course for nursing specialty, which also manifests the key teaching stage for cultivating nursing professional talents. Therefore, its teaching quality directly influences the competency and quality of nursing talent cultivation. However, surgical nursing education is still focused on knowledge instruction and neglect ability training. Due to numerous teaching content and tense class time, students often feel it difficult to understand and master during their study. The continuous updating of modern teaching approaches has mobilized the constant innovation of teaching methods of surgical nursing. In this study, an online-offline dual-teaching model based on universal learning concept is firstly proposed, including three types of courses: summary and promotion curriculum, parallel curriculum, and heuristic curriculum. Next, a virtual surgical nursing scenario is created by virtue of modern education technology to establish a virtual-real integrated scenario-based learning activity strategy. Then, by means of improved expert scoring, the intuitionistic fuzziness in evaluation object indexes is proposed to generate the required intuitionistic fuzzy number. Finally, an intuitionistic fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the dual-teaching model constructed in this research is performed. The teaching results show that this teaching model can stimulate students' creative learning thinking. Teachers can make the best of advantage of online-offline combined model to carry out precise and individualized teaching. In addition, it is feasible to realize precise student-student interaction by virtue of accurate big data analysis, thereby greatly enhancing teaching effect.
Digital Comics in Online Learning During COVID-19: Its Effect on Student Cognitive Learning Outcomes
Authors: Damopolii Insar , Lumembang Theresia , İlhan Genç Osman
Published: October 2021

Comics have been used as an alternative tool to improve student learning outcomes during the pandemic, but not yet for junior high school science learning. The study aims to explore the impact of digital comics in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on students' cognitive learning outcomes (CLO). A quasi-experimental research design was used in the study. A total of 42 eighth-grade students participated in the current study. They were randomly assigned to two conditions. The first condition was online learning assisted by digital comic media. The second condition was non-comic online learning. A multiple-choice test developed by the researchers was used to measure students' CLO. Although the number of participants is limited, an independent samples t-test was used to analyze the data because the data was normally distributed.  The results show that students' CLO differs significantly between comic and non-comic assisted online learning in favor of comic assisted online learning conditions. The possible reasons behind the findings were discussed. As a conclusion, several suggestions for researchers and teachers were offered.
School Principals’ Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Employing Distance Learning Tools by Teachers
Authors: Abukhalil Thaer A.R. , Halawani Shaima M-F. , Daher Wajeeh M.
Published: October 2021

The study examined the criterions that school principals used to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of distance learning tools in the COVID-19 pandemic by school teachers. Six school administrators were interviewed regarding their evaluation of the technological tools used by the teachers in distance. The constant comparative method was used to analyze the interview data. The study results indicated ten criterions that served the principals in their evaluation:(1) Availability of the technological tool in students’ hands, (2) The teacher's ability to handle the tool used, (3) The fit of the used tool to the specific content, (4) The fit of the used tool to the curriculum objectives, (5) Planning the use of the tool in the classroom, (6) Use of technological tools for interactive communication in the classroom, (7)Use of technological tools to stimulate, attract and engage students in distance learning, (8) Use of technological tools to achieve quality education, (9) Use of technological tools to manage students' behavior in distance learning, and (10) Using mobile tools to encourage students’ engagement in distance learning. More research is needed to study school principals’ behavior regarding E-learning especially in emergency education.
Hombres negros que en silencio miran a cámara: Agencia afrodescendiente, descolonización y representación de masculinidades en pugna en el vídeo cubano (1997-2014)
Authors: Sánchez Suset Sánchez
Published: October 2021

En los vídeos de un grupo de jóvenes artistas cubanos donde ha sido representado el cuerpo masculino negro, el silencio se establece como recurso que tensiona la obliteración de las voces afrodescendientes en los regímenes de enunciación del discurso político en Cuba. La presencia silenciosa del hombre negro solitario frente a la cámara se articula en tanto resignificación del cuerpo afrodescendiente en el espacio de la ciudad, como una energía de disenso y resistencia que traspasa el contexto privado para irrumpir en la esfera pública como un signo de pluralidad, orgullo y diferencia. Ese silencio reinscribe la violencia fundacional del Estado y la colonialidad persistente en los imaginarios sociales sobre un sujeto históricamente subalternizado y marginalizado por ideologías racistas modernas.
El reguetón: la noche, cazadores y una fiera que espera
Authors: Piñeiro Reynier Valdés
Published: October 2021

Un análisis idioestético del actual reguetón revela como se han continuado dos órdenes temáticos que se articularon desde sus inicios: la expresión agresiva u egocéntrica de un «líder» que a partir de una proyección «sicaria» proclama su autoridad sobre determinada área –línea instaurada por Vico C.–; así como la proposición amorosa de fuerte contenido erótico sexual, cuyo éxito ya había comprobado El General: «muévelo, muévelo, qué sabroso». Pero al contrario de los estrictos lineamientos que debieron seguir los padres del género en la década del 90, al cantante de reguetón en el nuevo milenio se le exige la versatilidad: la variedad de estilos no se da a partir del contraste entre las manieras de los distintos cantantes, sino que uno mismo tiene ahora la tarea de desdoblarse en manierismos.
Bartender (Notas sobre una enjundia teatral)
Authors: Montes Laura Ruiz
Published: October 2021

La espera para comprar una tarjeta que permita una conexión por Wi-fi es el pórtico del cuento «Bartender»1 ganador del Premio La Gaceta de Cuba en su última edición. Su autor, Pedro Franco, es un actor y director teatral, devenido narrador. Los andares de Franco por bares, cafés y cabarets se remontan a la puesta en escena de la obra «Café CCPC»2, que el grupo cubano de teatro El Portazo, bajo su dirección artística, estrenara en el ya no tan cercano año 2015. Si entonces el ready-made dramatúrgico apoyado en la estética del cabaret tuvo un importante éxito de crítica y de asistencia de público ahora, con «Bartender» y más experiencia, su autor vuelve cruzar la línea frágil que existe entre el espacio público y el privado en eso que hemos dado en llamar «realidad nacional» y que hace pensar que subyacente está ese otro estanco que vendría a ser la «irrealidad nacional».
¿Musicología mundial en chancleta de palo? Entrevista a Danilo Orozco
Authors: Pérez Miviam Ruiz
Published: October 2021

Todo encuentro con el musicólogo Danilo Orozco (Santiago de Cuba, 1944-2013) correo el peligro de convertirse en un interminable diálogo, no sólo con la historia de la música y la musicología, sino con una corriente de pensamiento que se mueve entre interrogantes de muy diversa índole. Por una parte, su extensa e intensa carrera (experiencia docente abierta de treintaiséis años), colaborador de prestigiosas universidades e instituciones de todo el mundo como Smithsonian Institute de Washington, Universidad de California (Tribunal a distancia), Universidad Salamanca, Fundación Sojo de Caracas, Conservatorio TChaikovsky de Moscú, Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Austin (LAMR), la BBC de Londres y el Who’s who in Music. Por otra, su categoría de doctor Summa Cum Laude en Ciencias Musicológicas y Filosóficas por la Universidad “Humbolt” de Berlín, Profesor e Investigador Titular en Cuba; además sus trabajo teórico-prácticos en problemáticas medulares de la historia y el análisis musical, sus casi “incapturable” cuatro libros, e innumerables ensayos, toto eso matizado por su admirable y multifacético desbordamiento, el carácter polémico y controversial de sus planteamientos, los “entramados” conceptuales de una mente en movimiento perpetuo.
Chapelles hospitalières luso-brésiliennes : l’espace du sacré dans les misericórdias, entre mémoire et oubli
Authors: Salvador Miranda Cybelle , Balsa de Pinho Joana
Published: October 2021

L’architecture de l’assistance et de la santé est un domaine d’étude récent dans le contexte luso-brésilien, qui a été l’objet ces dernières années de contributions scientifiques importantes à travers le développement de travaux universitaires, de projets de recherche, l’organisation d’événements scientifiques et l’établissement de réseaux de coopération entre les deux pays. Par rapport à d’autres thèmes de recherche, la conservation des espaces sacrés dans les institutions hospitalières et d’assistance luso-brésiliennes est un thème important pour l’histoire de l’art et de l’architecture, car elle met en évidence la nécessité de comprendre la morphologie et le phénomène de la sectorisation de l’espace religieux et de proposer des directives de conservation et de valorisation de ces espaces. C’est en considérant les dynamiques contemporaines qui touchent à la fonctionnalité de ces espaces de culte, qui peuvent conduire à leur abandon voire à leur dé-caractérisation esthétique, que l’on cherche donc à promouvoir des stratégies pour leur connaissance, dans une perspective comparée, et la préservation de leur mémoire.
Une tectonique post-portugaise et/ou mondiale avant la lettre ?
Authors: Conduru Roberto
Published: October 2021

Une architecture singulière voit le jour entre le début du xixe siècle et le milieu du xxe siècle dans le golfe du Bénin. Elle est l’œuvre d’un groupe dénommé agouda, terme utilisé dans cette région pour désigner des Africains et des Afro-descendants portant des patronymes d’origine portugaise, liés au commerce d’esclaves et à l’esclavage au Brésil. Alors que certains auteurs soulignent la brésilianité et/ou l’africanité de cette architecture, d’autres la mettent en rapport avec l’entreprise coloniale portugaise dans le monde. Fruit d’un processus d’échanges entre l’Afrique, l’Amérique, l’Europe et l’Asie depuis le xve siècle, cette architecture permet de reconsidérer les orientations nationalistes de l’histoire de l’art et de penser les défis liés à l’historiographie de l’histoire de l’art dans le contexte postcolonial et post-esclavagiste, ainsi que quelques pièges dissimulés dans l’idée d’une histoire mondiale de l’art.
1965 : « Artists of Mozambique » s’expose en Afrique du Sud
Authors: Gomes Rita Maia
Published: October 2021

Cet article vise à apporter une première contribution à la connaissance de l’histoire de l’exposition « Artists of Mozambique », présentée en 1965 au Pretoria Art Museum, en abordant ses antécédents, en présentant ses participants, ses commissaires, les étapes de son itinérance, les controverses qu’elle a suscitées et sa couverture par la presse. L’étude de cette exposition se révèle fondamentale pour comprendre le panorama des arts plastiques au Mozambique et les relations culturelles entre l’Afrique du Sud et le Mozambique durant la dernière phase du colonialisme portugais (1964-1974). Ce travail se présente comme le point de départ d’une recherche sur un sujet non encore exploré par l’historiographie ; il vise aussi à ouvrir des pistes pour l’approfondissement des questions suivantes : le discours sud-africain, dans un contexte d’apartheid, à propos de l’art contemporain au Mozambique, les impacts de l’exposition sur le marché de l’art en Afrique du Sud et l’apport de l’exposition à la dynamisation du secteur artistique à Lourenço Marques (l’actuel Maputo).