bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ORGANIZATION OF PALLIATIVE CARE AT HOME: SPECIFIC FEATURES AND MANAGEMENT
Authors: Foygelman Ye.
Published: March 2023

Palliative care is usually provided by nurses within a multidisciplinary team, which includes physicians, nurses, psychologists, physical therapists, clinical pharmacists, occupational therapists, nutritionists and social workers. The aim of the study was to study the role of palliative medicine, its psychological and deontological aspects and the specific aspects of nursing process management in palliative medicine, the role of the nurse when organi­zing home-based care for palliative patients, the specific aspects of teamwork when providing patient care and the roles of all healthcare professionals in the team.
O processo de trabalho nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial na perspectiva dos gestores
Authors: Zanatta Aline Bedin , Gonçalves Laura Lamas Martins , Lucca Sergio Roberto de
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: analisar o processo de trabalho dos profissionais dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial e identificar os aspectos que possam contribuir na produção de saúde ou de adoecimento dos trabalhadores. Método: pesquisa de natureza qualitativa realizada com as gestoras de onze Centros de Atenção Psicossocial de um município de grande porte no interior de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada audiogravada. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: da análise das falas foram identificadas duas categoriastemáticas: “O Trabalho Vivo no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial: construção coletiva de uma clínica de laços e afetos” e “Odesgaste e sofrimento experienciados por meio do trabalho”. Evidenciaram-se sentimentos satisfação dos trabalhadorescom seu trabalho, relacionados à possibilidade de ofertar cuidados a partir da singularidade dos casos. Também houverelatos de situações falta de reconhecimento, processos de trabalho burocratizados e sobrecarga mental. Conclusão: amaior potência do trabalho nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial é a intensa rede de relações interpessoais existentes. Portanto, o fortalecimento dessa rede é um importante promotor de cuidado entre a equipe multiprofissional e um dispositivo a ser constantemente desenvolvido.
Transfusion of Adult, but Not Neonatal, Platelets Promotes Monocyte Trafficking in Neonatal Mice
Authors: Maurya Preeti , Ture Sara K. , Li Chen , Scheible Kristin M. , McGrath Kathleen E. , Palis James , Morrell Craig N.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Thrombocytopenia is common in preterm neonates. Platelet transfusions are sometimes given to thrombocytopenic neonates with the hope of reducing the bleeding risk, however, there are little clinical data to support this practice, and platelet transfusions may increase the bleeding risk or lead to adverse complications. Our group previously reported that fetal platelets expressed lower levels of immune-related mRNA compared with adult platelets. In this study, we focused on the effects of adult versus neonatal platelets on monocyte immune functions that may have an impact on neonatal immune function and transfusion complications.

Methods:

Using RNA sequencing of postnatal day 7 and adult platelets, we determined age-dependent platelet gene expression. Platelets and naive bone marrow–isolated monocytes were cocultured and monocyte phenotypes determined by RNA sequencing and flow cytometry. An in vivo model of platelet transfusion in neonatal thrombocytopenic mice was used in which platelet-deficient TPOR (thrombopoietin receptor) mutant mice were transfused with adult or postnatal day 7 platelets and monocyte phenotypes and trafficking were determined.

Results:

Adult and neonatal platelets had differential immune molecule expression, including
Selp
. Monocytes incubated with adult or neonatal mouse platelets had similar inflammatory (Ly6C
hi
) but different trafficking phenotypes, as defined by CCR2 and CCR5 mRNA and surface expression. Blocking P-sel (P-selectin) interactions with its PSGL-1 (P-sel glycoprotein ligand-1) receptor on monocytes limited the adult platelet-induced monocyte trafficking phenotype, as well as adult platelet-induced monocyte migration in vitro. Similar results were seen in vivo, when thrombocytopenic neonatal mice were transfused with adult or postnatal day 7 platelets; adult platelets increased monocyte CCR2 and CCR5, as well as monocyte chemokine migration, whereas postnatal day 7 platelets did not.

Conclusions:

These data provide comparative insights into adult and neonatal platelet transfusion–regulated monocyte functions. The transfusion of adult platelets to neonatal mice was associated with an acute inflammatory and trafficking monocyte phenotype that was platelet P-sel dependent and may have an impact on complications associated with neonatal platelet transfusions.
Impact of Impaired Cholesterol Homeostasis on Neutrophils in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Tucker Bradley , Ephraums James , King Thomas W. , Abburi Kaivalya , Rye Kerry-Anne , Cochran Blake J.
Published: March 2023

Atherosclerosis is complex chronic disease characterized by intimal cholesterol accumulation and vascular inflammation. There is a well-established relationship of hypercholesterolemia and inflammation with atherosclerosis. However, the link between inflammation and cholesterol is not completely understood. Myeloid cells, in particular, monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils play essential roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It is well known that macrophages accumulate cholesterol, forming foam cells, which drive atherosclerosis-associated inflammation. However, the interaction between cholesterol and neutrophils remains poorly defined—an important gap in the literature given that neutrophils represent up to 70% of total circulating leukocytes in humans. Elevated levels of biomarkers of neutrophil activation (myeloperoxidase and neutrophil extracellular traps) and higher absolute neutrophil counts are both associated with increased rates of cardiovascular events. Neutrophils contain the necessary machinery to uptake, synthesize, efflux and esterify cholesterol; yet, the functional consequence of dysregulated cholesterol homeostasis on neutrophil activity remains poorly defined. Preclinical animal data suggest a direct link between cholesterol metabolism and hematopoiesis, although current evidence in humans has been unable to corroborate such findings. This review will explore the impact of impaired cholesterol homeostasis neutrophils and draw focus on the discordant data from animal models and atherosclerotic disease in humans.
Endothelial HDAC1-ZEB2-NuRD Complex Drives Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection Through Regulation of Protein S-Sulfhydration
Authors: Luo Shanshan , Kong Chuiyu , Zhao Shuang , Tang Xin , Wang Yu , Zhou Xuechun , Li Rui , Liu Xingeng , Tang Xinlong , Sun Shixiu , Xie Wei , Zhang Zhi-Ren , Jing Qing , Gu Aihua , Chen Feng , Wang Dongjin , Wang Hong , Han Yi , Xie Liping , Ji Yong
Published: March 2023

Background:

Aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection (AAD) are life-threatening vascular diseases, with endothelium being the primary target for AAD treatment. Protein S-sulfhydration is a newly discovered posttranslational modification whose role in AAD has not yet been defined. This study aims to investigate whether protein S-sulfhydration in the endothelium regulates AAD and its underlying mechanism.

Methods:

Protein S-sulfhydration in endothelial cells (ECs) during AAD was detected and hub genes regulating homeostasis of the endothelium were identified. Clinical data of patients with AAD and healthy controls were collected, and the level of the cystathionine γ lyase (CSE)/hydrogen sulfide (H
2
S) system in plasma and aortic tissue were determined. Mice with EC-specific CSE deletion or overexpression were generated, and the progression of AAD was determined. Unbiased proteomics and coimmunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry analysis were conducted to determine the upstream regulators of the CSE/H
2
S system and the findings were confirmed in transgenic mice.

Results:

Higher plasma H
2
S levels were associated with a lower risk of AAD, after adjustment for common risk factors. CSE was reduced in the endothelium of AAD mouse and aorta of patients with AAD. Protein S-sulfhydration was reduced in the endothelium during AAD and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) was the main target. S-sulfhydration of PDI at Cys343 and Cys400 enhanced PDI activity and mitigated endoplasmic reticulum stress. EC-specific CSE deletion was exacerbated, and EC-specific overexpression of CSE alleviated the progression of AAD through regulating the S-sulfhydration of PDI. ZEB2 (zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2) recruited the HDAC1-NuRD complex (histone deacetylase 1–nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase) to repress the transcription of
CTH
, the gene encoding CSE, and inhibited PDI S-sulfhydration. EC-specific HDAC1 deletion increased PDI S-sulfhydration and alleviated AAD. Increasing PDI S-sulfhydration with the H
2
S donor GYY4137 or pharmacologically inhibiting HDAC1 activity with entinostat alleviated the progression of AAD.

Conclusions:

Decreased plasma H
2
S levels are associated with an increased risk of aortic dissection. The endothelial ZEB2-HDAC1-NuRD complex transcriptionally represses
CTH
, impairs PDI S-sulfhydration, and drives AAD. The regulation of this pathway effectively prevents AAD progression.
Emotional Perception: Divergence of Early and Late Event-related Potential Modulation
Authors: Farkas Andrew H. , Sabatinelli Dean
Published: March 2023

The early posterior negativity (EPN) is a mid-latency ERP component that is reliably enhanced by emotional cues, with a deflection beginning between 150 and 200 msec after stimulus onset. The brief, bilateral occipital EPN is followed by the centroparietal late positive potential (LPP), a long duration slow-wave that is strongly associated with emotional arousal ratings of scenes. A recent study suggests that the EPN is particularly sensitive to human bodies in scenes, independent of emotional intensity. Here, we directly investigate the influence of human body features on EPN modulation, using emotional and neutral scenes depicting people across a range of body exposures and orientations, in addition to scenes of pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant animals. The results demonstrate that the EPN is quite sensitive to human body features and weakly related to arousal ratings, whereas the LPP is strongly modulated by scenes that receive high arousal ratings. Based on these results and relevant work on body-specific visual perception, we speculate that modulation of the EPN may strongly reflect the early detection of human bodies, which serves as a predictor of emotional significance, whereas LPP modulation is more closely associated with the extended elaborative processing of scenes that are explicitly judged to be emotionally arousing.
IMPACT OF EXTERNAL COGNITIVE APPRAISAL ON INTRUSIVE MEMORIES
Authors: Shmarina Tatiana А. , Blinova Lilia D.
Published: March 2023

Background. Symptoms of compulsive repetition or “intrusion” (unwanted thoughts, [ ashbacks, images, disturbing dreams, nightmares) are o\ en considered as a distinctive feature of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cognitive models claim that PTSD symptoms are stimulated and become chronic due to an overly negative assessment of the traumatic experience and/or its consequences. ] e relevance of the study is due to the possibility of using external assessments as an early psychological aid tool. Objective. ] e work aims to repeat the study of the University of New South Wales (Australia) on the degree of in[ uence caused by various types of external cognitive assessment of obsessive memories on the frequency and intensity of their subsequent occurrence. ] e research targets to create a precedent in Russia for the study of traumatic stress in the laboratory. Sample. 30 healthy psychology students participated in the study. ] eir stress level results did not exceed the level of normative values. Methods. ] e main method of research was the experiment. Participants who received one of two preliminary instructions giving either a benevolent or a control assessment of obsessive memories were o^ ered to watch a Z lm with scenes of a real car accident. Having watched a traumatic Z lm, the participants solved a problem on cognitive interference. ] en the presence/absence and intensity of intrusive memories were recorded with the use of the Intrusion subscale of the Traumatic Event Impact Assessment Scale (IES-R) and two questions on the beliefs about intrusions. Results. ] e study showed that watching a traumatic Z lm causes an equally low level of obsessive memories in groups with positive and control instructions. Conclusion. ] e results of two studies (University of New South Wales and Lomonosov Moscow State University) showed similar trends regarding the level of intensity of obsessive memories for groups with benevolent and control instructions. ] e study provides initial causal evidence that a maladaptive external assessment can enhance the occurrence of obsessive memories, despite the fact that a benevolent or control interpretation of symptoms has no such side e^ ect. ] is observation is important to take into account when conducting psychoeducation. ] e practice of studying traumatic stress in the laboratory is evaluated as positive and recommended for use in Russia.
Effects of background color on pigmentation, morphological traits, and behavior in the European tree frog (Hyla arborea, Hylidae, Anura) tadpoles
Authors: Mirč Marko , Vukov Tanja , Kijanović Ana , Kolarov Nataša Tomašević
Published: March 2023

Amphibian tadpoles are capable of avoiding threats (predators, uv radiation, etc.) through changes in coloration, behavior, and shape. In this paper, we tested how quickly European tree frog (Hyla arborea) tadpoles can change body pigmentation to achieve crypsis and whether color change is reversible. Additionally, we tested how different environmental background colorations affect the body length, shape, and ontogenetic trajectories of tadpoles. We also analyzed if tadpoles can relate to their coloration and choose the appropriate background to enhance crypsis. For this purpose, we reared tadpoles on white and black backgrounds for 36 days. Halfway through the experiment, half of the tadpoles from each treatment were placed on the alternative background. Our results suggest that H. arborea tadpoles are capable of rapidly responding to color changes in their environment, however, color-matching with the white background is poor. These quick color changes are reversible. Rearing in different background coloration and rapid color changes do not affect tadpoles’ length variation but affect tadpoles’ shape. Tadpoles introduced to the white background at the start of the experiment developed deeper tail fins and more pronounced snouts. We also found that H. arborea tadpoles actively choose an appropriate background to achieve maximum crypsis. This study represents the basis for the future analysis of adaptive coloration in tadpoles as it has a very complex function in anurans.
Reprehensible or Legitimate Aims? A Proposal for a New Approach to Article 18 echr in Light of its Predominance Test
Authors: Mortier Tobias
Published: March 2023

The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR, Court) finds a violation of Article 18 of the European Convention on Human Rights (echr) if the respondent authorities simultaneously pursued both a legitimate and hidden aim (plurality of aims), provided that the latter was the predominant one. The Court establishes this predominance by considering the ‘nature and degree of reprehensibility’ of the hidden aim. I argue that this reprehensibility criterion has not been applied in a consistent manner, resulting in unpredictability as to the true meaning behind it. The Court either interprets this as an assessment of contextual factors or as an impact assessment, and sometimes even applies it in the absence of a plurality of aims. This article points out the flaws in these different interpretations and formulates recommendations in order to determine where these interpretations would be most aptly applied under Article 18; the former under the predominance test, the latter as a new threshold criterion.
Մեսրոպ Մաշտոցի անվան Մատենադարանի 2021 թվականի հրատարակությունները
Authors: Համբարձումյան Հայկ
Published: March 2023

Ամփոփում

Շարունակելով միջնադարագիտական ու հայագիտության տարբեր ոլորտների գրքերի հրատարակությունը, Մատենադարանը 2021 թ. հրատարակել է 16 նոր գիրք, որոնք ներկայացնում են միջնադարյան պատմության, ձեռագրագիտության, բանահյուսության, քաղաքաշինության, միջազգային հարաբերությունների, տնտեսության, տիեզերագիտության, բժշկագիտության կարևոր ու հետաքրքիր ուսումնասիրություններ: Հրատարակվել են նաև « Բանբեր Մատենադարանի » հանդեսի երկու նոր համարներ, որտեղ նույնպես կարելի է ընթերցել թվարկյալ ոլորտներին առնչվող ուշագրավ ուսումնասիրություններ: Գրքերի ու ամսագրերի թվային տարբերակները կարելի է ընթերցել www.matenadaran.am կայքի « Թվային գրադարան » բաժնում:
Cyphelloporia bialoviesensis (Fungi, Agaricales)—a new genus and species for a giant cyphelloid fungus from Białowieża virgin forest in Poland
Authors: KARASIŃSKI DARIUSZ , NAGY LÁSZLÓ G. , SZARKÁNDI JÁNOS GERGÖ , DVOŘÁK DANIEL , KOLAŘÍK MIROSLAV , HOLEC JAN
Published: March 2023

A striking species of cyphelloid fungus tentatively identified as a Henningsomyces or Rectipilus was collected in Białowieża virgin forest in Poland since 1962. After search in literature, morphological studies and phylogenetic analyses based on LSU and ITS rDNA sequences, the species turned out to be unknown to science with ≥ 5% difference in LSU rDNA sequence from nearest representatives of both cyphelloid and agaricoid fungi. We describe it here as a new genus Cyphelloporia and new species C. bialoviesensis. The species is still known only from the Białowieża forest, where it produces large basidiomata consisting of a well developed subiculum and densely aggregated, tubular receptacles up to 10 mm long on decaying trunks of Picea abies. A detailed morphological description accompanied by line drawings and photographs is provided, and differences from similar Rectipilus and Henningsomyces species are discussed. Phylogenies based on LSU and ITS sequences show that C. bialoviesensis belongs to the lineage formed by Rectipilus species together with Phyllotopsis nidulans and Pleurocybella porrigens, whereas true Henningsomyces species belong to a highly unrelated lineage labelled Niaceae or Cyphellaceae. Family position of C. bialoviesensis is discussed showing that Phyllotopsidaceae is well justified.
Bioengineered Exosomes Bearing Adenosine A2a Receptor for the Treatment of Neuroinflammation
Authors: Zhu Dongliang , Yue Jianjun , Shi Hongyun
Published: March 2023

Brain injury is a very common but severe complication in preterm birth, and neuroinflammation caused by activated microglial cells is the main contributor. The interaction between extracellular adenosine and the adenosine A2a receptor (ADORA2A) is of great significance in microglial
cell activation. Here we designed and generated ADORA2A-loaded exosomes and investigated their inhibitory effect on microglial activation in vitro. A construct expressing ADORA2A fused to an exosome marker CD9 was designed and expressed in rat NRK cells. Purified ADORA2A-CD9 exosomes
were first characterized and then their ability on inhibition of microglial cell activation was investigated on an in vitro ibotenate-induced microglial cell activation model. The cytotoxicity of ADORA2A-CD9 exosomes was determined by LDH assay. Our data showed that ADORA2A was actively
loaded onto exosomes by fusing it to the exosome marker CD9. ADROA2A-CD9 exosomes inhibited ibotenate-induced microglial cell activation, as evidenced by the reduction of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Furthermore, ADORA2A-CD9 exosomes inhibited
microglial cell activation through competitively binding to extracellular adenosine. Very low cytotoxicity of ADORA2A-CD9 exosomes was observed. Collectively, our findings reveal that ADORA2A-CD9 exosomes inhibit microglial cell activation and subsequent neuroinflammation, representing a promising
treatment for preterm brain injury.
Gadolinium-Based MRI Contrast Agent for Targeted Imaging of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2-Expressing Tumors
Authors: Tu Rong , You Xiaoguang , Ding Zhichao , Wu Huanyu , Zhao Linlu , Qiu Zhi , Wei Junjie , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: March 2023

Development of imaging methods that can detect target molecules will be of great significance for non-invasive molecular diagnosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) is a broadly expressed target, and VEGFR-2-specific agents have been used in biological therapy.
In this study, amine-reactive coupling was used to label the polypeptide VEGF125–136 with a Gd(DOTA) complex to create a magnetic resonance contrast agent, VEGF125–136-Gd, which binds to VEGFR-2. Using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, we explored the tumor cell-targeting
ability of VEGF125–136-Gd and its enhancement of T1-weighted image intensity using human hepatoma (HepG2) cells and found that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increased commensurately with the concentration of VEGF125–136-Gd. At a concentration of 2 mM, the SNR produced by VEGF125–136-Gd
was 5.4-fold higher than that produced by a Gd-labelled non-targeting polypeptide (NTPP-Gd) control. We also evaluated the tumor-targeting efficiency of VEGF125–136-Gd in nude mice injected with human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. Preliminary in vivo imaging of VEGFR-2 in tumor tissue
revealed a targeting peak 60 min post administration of VEGF125–136-Gd, the intensity of which was 23% higher than the SNR of NTPP-Gd at the same time point. Our findings may help lay the foundation for clinical applications of VEGF125–136-Gd in targeted imaging.
The Therapeutic Effect of Hemodialysis Biofilm Technology on Patients with Acute Renal Failure After Acute Streptococcal Infection
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyan
Published: March 2023

We aimed to study the therapeutic effect of hemodialysis biofilm (HDB) technology on acute renal failure (ARF) after acute streptococcal infection (ASI). 50 patients having renal failure after ASI admitted to Xuchang hospital were selected and rolled into two groups according to the
self-selected therapeutic methods. Patients in observation group (group A) received HDB technology treatment, while patients in the control group (group B) received non-hemodialysis (NHD) treatment. The biochemical indicators of patients in two groups before and after receiving the treatment
were observed and compared, which include parathyroid (PTH), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre), and K+ ion content. In addition, the hospital stay, the complication incidence, and the total efficacy of the two groups were compared
and analyzed. After treatment, the biochemical indicators of the two groups of patients were reduced; the levels of PTH, β2-MG, BUN, and Cre of patients in group A were much lower than those of patients in group B, and group A has greater decline. In group A, 16 cases were cured
and 8 cases were improved, with a TER of 92.3%; 11 cases were cured and 10 cases were improved in group B, with a TER of 83.6%, so there was statistically obvious difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The average hospital stays in the group A and group B was respectively
13.8 days and 24.9 days, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). The complication incidences in groups A and B were 16.6% and 45.4%, respectively, with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). HDB technology was beneficial to the repair of damaged renal function
cells, could promote the recovery of renal function in patients, and could effectively reduce mortality. Therefore, it was worthy of clinical promotion.
miR-655-3p Regulates the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/AKT Serine Signaling Pathway via ATAD2 to Inhibit the Proliferation, Invasion, and Angiogenesis of Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Zhou Jun , Lu Peiying , Liu Zixia , Mao Ying , Hui Xiaoliang
Published: March 2023

miR-655-3p has been reported to play crucial roles in the development and progression of tumorigenesis and development. In this study, we investigated the potential biological role of miR-655-3p in pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC). After PDAC cells were transfected with miR-655-3p,
cell proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated. The targeting relationship between miR-655-3p and ATAD2 was verified. A xenograft tumor model was established to evaluate the role of miR-655-3p in tumorigenesis abilities in vivo. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect
the levels of Ki-67, CD31, ATAD2, and VEGFA. We found that miR-655-3p inhibited PDAC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and decreased the ability of HUVECs to form tubes by decreasing the VEGFA/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, we predicted and verified that ATAD2, the direct target
gene of miR-655-3p, could reverse the inhibitory effect caused by miR-655-3p overexpression. Additionally, we demonstrated that miR-655-3p suppressed PDAC growth and angiogenesis in vivo, characterized by decreased tumor volume, mass, and levels of Ki-67, CD31, ATAD2, and VEGFA. These
results show that miR-655-3p might serve as a tumor suppressor in PDAC by targeting ATAD mediated-VEGFA/AKT signaling pathway, which may provide a potential therapeutic candidate for PDAC.
Mechanism of Polycaprolactone-Polyetherimide and pEGFP Nano-Composite and Bcl-2 Expression on Regulating Proliferation and Apoptosis of Cervical Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Wu Yanli , Tang Jing
Published: March 2023

This study assessed mechanism of Polycaprolactone (PCL)-Polyetherimide (PEI) PCL-PEI and Enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmid (pEGFP) nano-composite on cervical carcinoma cells and associated Bcl-2 expression. The co-polymer of PCL-PEI was synthesized and pEGFP nano-composite
was prepared. The PCL-PEI+pEGFP and empty carrier pEGFP C1 were transfected into Hela cells, which were divided into PCL-PEI group, CI (PCL-PEI+pEGFP and empty carrier pEGFP C1) group and NC group (normoal conctrast group). Proliferative condition of HeLa cells was detected with MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide) method, while invasive condition was detected with Transwell closet method. The cellular morphology was tested with Hoechst 33342 staining method and apoptotic condition was detected along with measurement of Bcl-2 and Bax. Results showed that, the quantity of GFP (green fluorescent
protein) in the PCRL-PET Polycaprolactone (PCL)-Polyetherimide (PEI) (PCL-PEI) group was more than in NC group, and proliferative activity in PCL-PEI group was notably less than in the NC group. Moreover, no difference in proliferative activity was observed between NC and CI groups, and quantity
of cross-membrane cells in PCL-PEI group was less than NC group without difference in the quantity of cross-membrane cells between NC group and CI group, and cell nucleus was intact in the NC and CI groups, with uniform IF color distribution and lack of apoptotic phenomenon. There were shrinking
cells in the PCL-PEI group, and proliferation and apoptosis were restrained in the cervical carcinoma cells, which was prompted with PCL-PEI and pEGFP nano-composite. Finally, the expression of Bcl-2 in the cervical carcinoma cells was also restrained.
Dynamical Drivers of the Exceptional Warmth over Siberia during the Spring of 2020
Authors: DeAngelis Anthony M. , Schubert Siegfried D. , Chang Yehui , Lim Young-Kwon , Koster Randal D. , Wang Hailan , Marquardt Collow Allison B.
Published: March 2023

Much of Siberia experienced exceptional warmth during the spring of 2020, which followed an unusually warm winter over the same region. Here, we investigate the drivers of the spring warmth from the perspective of atmospheric dynamics and remote influences, focusing on monthly-time-scale features of the event. We find that the warm anomalies were associated with separate quasi-stationary Rossby wave trains emanating from the North Atlantic in April and May. The wave trains are shown to be extreme manifestations of the dominant modes of spring subseasonal meridional wind variability over the Northern Hemisphere. Using a large ensemble of simulations from NASA’s GEOS atmospheric model, in which the model is constrained to remain close to observations over selected regions, we further elucidate the remote drivers of the unusual spring temperatures in Siberia. In both April and May, the wave trains were likely forced from an upstream region including eastern North America and the western North Atlantic. Analysis with a stationary wave model shows that transient vorticity flux forcing over and downwind of the North Atlantic, which is strongly related to storm activity caused by internal variability, is key to generating the wave trains, suggesting limited subseasonal predictability of the Rossby waves and hence the exceptional Siberian warmth. Our observational and model analyses also suggest that anomalous tropical atmospheric heating contributed to the unusual warmth in Siberia through a teleconnection involving upper-troposphere dynamics and the mean meridional circulation. This tropical–extratropical teleconnection offers a possible physical mechanism by which anthropogenic climate change influenced the extreme Siberian warmth.
Open Parenchymal Sparing Posterosuperior Liver Tumor Resection for Colorectal Liver Metastasis With Proximity to Hepatic Veins
Authors: Younos Ahmed , Touadi Melissa , Ross Sharona , Sucandy Iswanto
Published: March 2023

Liver resection for stage 4 colorectal cancer with liver metastasis is the standard of care, in combination with systemic chemotherapy. R-0 complete resection for colorectal liver metastasis is a curative-intent operation, which is considered the only chance for cure in this disease. The location and proximity of the tumor to major intrahepatic vessels such as hepatic and portal vein determine technical difficulty. Tumors located in the posterosuperior segments of the liver (segments 7 and 8) are technically challenging to resect using a minimally invasive fashion; therefore, conventional open resection is still the technique of choice today. In this video, we demonstrated our approach of an open parenchymal-sparing posterosuperior liver resection for a colorectal liver metastasis.
Cholecystoappendiceal Fistula From Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma Requiring a Right Hemicolectomy With Cytoreduction and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
Authors: Doño Angel , Schadt Jennifer C. , Hammond William M. , Muenyi Clarisse S. , Deneve Jeremiah L. , Altomar Jonathan L. , Foretia Denis A.
Published: March 2023

Bilioenteric fistulae are rare and difficult to manage complications of chronic cholecystitis. While cholecystoduodenal and cholecystocolic fistulae are more common, a cholecystoappendiceal fistula is an extremely rare finding. We report the presentation and operative management of a 59-year-old male with cholecystoappendiceal fistula and associated abscess in the gallbladder fossa. The patient was appropriately resuscitated, the abscess drained by interventional radiology, and after a complete workup, underwent a laparoscopic appendectomy and cholecystectomy. Pathology revealed moderately differentiated appendiceal adenocarcinoma requiring a right hemicolectomy with cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). He has recovered well postoperatively with no complications. This case highlights the importance of having a very high index of suspicion for underlying malignancy when managing a fistula of any kind. To the best of our understanding, this is only the second reported case of a cholecystoappendiceal fistula.
Article X, Trial Use, and the History of Liturgical Authorization in the Episcopal Church
Authors: Olver Matthew S. C.
Published: March 2023

The eightieth General Convention passed Resolution 2022-A059, the first reading of a complete revision to Article X of the Constitution, the section which establishes the Book of Common Prayer. The impetus for this proposed revision springs from the realization of the Standing Committee on Liturgy and Music that the church had been “working without a canonical net” with respect to certain widely used liturgical texts. In the first half of this article, I give a detailed history of the authorization of liturgical texts in the Episcopal Church, which discloses the many ways the General Convention has acted beyond the parameters of the Constitution and Canons. In the second half, I explain the revision to Article X at the 2022 Convention, the wholesale revision of Article X that also was proposed in 2022, and the deep flaws in both. I conclude with an alternative proposal to revise Article X.
Pakistan: A Client in Search of Patronizing Ummah
Authors: Sulehria Farooq , Sulehria Sabur
Published: March 2023

As a new nation-state in 1947, Pakistan’s relations with the larger Arab world were fraught with many tensions and contradictions. Ever since, many readjustments have taken place on both sides. These rearrangements derive from such tectonic shifts as the ebbing away of Arab nationalism 1967 onwards, petro-dollar rush in the 1970s, Iranian revolution in 1979, end of Third worldism, Afghan war, unipolarity post–Berlin Wall, 9/11 besides labour migrations, military alliances and domestic imperatives of various states and polities. Presently, Pakistan is tied to the Middle East in a three-pronged manner. Economically, it is dependent on petro-dollar rich Gulf Sheikhdoms. This relationship can be described as pure clientelism. Next, geographical proximity and Cold War compulsions have implied an unavoidable Iranian nexus. Finally, with the rather recent rise of Turkey as a subimperial power in the Middle East, Pakistan has also tilted towards Turkey of late. However, beyond geopolitics and economy, Pakistan’s embrace of the larger Muslim world has ideological connotations as well. Imagined as a Muslim Zion, commissars at the helm of ideological state apparatuses in Pakistan have always imagined Pakistan as an integral part of the larger Muslim community, numerous contradictions notwithstanding. Hence, informed by the theories of clientelism and subimperialism, this study argues that Pakistan’s relations with the Middle East are anchored in economics, geopolitics and identity.
FELASA recommendations for the rehoming of animals used for scientific and educational purposes
Authors: Ecuer Emilie , Boxall Jackie , Louwerse Annet L , Mikkelsen Lars F , Moons Christel PH , Roth Mirjam , Spiri Andrea M
Published: March 2023

Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and the Council of 22 September 2010 states that at the end of a procedure, the most appropriate decision on the future of an animal previously used or intended for use in scientific procedures should be taken on the basis of animal welfare and potential risks to the environment. Member States may allow animals to be rehomed provided the health of the animal allows it, there is no danger to public health, animal health or the environment and if appropriate measures have been taken to safeguard the wellbeing of the animal. In countries where rehoming is permitted, it is the responsibility of the Animal Welfare Body to advise on a rehoming scheme which must include appropriate socialization in order to help facilitate successful rehoming, avoid unnecessary distress to the animals and guarantee public safety. This paper reviews the EU legislation, existing guidance, current literature and best practice to define rehoming, sets out general considerations for rehoming laboratory animals including socialization and provides practical advice on the steps required in a rehoming scheme. For those species most frequently rehomed, more detailed species-specific sections are included.
Miro: Promoting Collaboration through Online Whiteboard Interaction
Authors: Chan Thomas Anthony Chun Hun , Ho Jason Man-Bo , Tom Michael
Published: March 2023

To create a more collaborative and communicative learning environment, digital tools are often looked to as possible solutions. Miro, an online whiteboard, is one such tool that allows students to easily share ideas and exchange information using a range of different media. Its strengths are its ability to allow real-time sharing and creation of ideas and information between learners and teachers using a host of multimedia. However, the numerous tools and options provided by the platform does come with a learning curve. Nevertheless, Miro is a useful option for encouraging collaboration between students, giving them a workspace to freely generate ideas and share resources.
A logic-based event controller for means-end reasoning in simulation environments
Authors: Stolpe Audun , Rummelhoff Ivar , Hannay Jo Erskine
Published: March 2023

Simulation games are designed to cultivate expertise and rehearse particular skill sets. To yield longitudinal effects, sequences of events must be crafted to yield intended learning outcomes, sometimes by focusing on particularly difficult situations and replaying variants. The present paper develops a logic-based approach for encoding the interrelation between action, events, and objects in a manner that allows the resulting scenario description to immediately be executed in a game development environment. This has the dual effect of decoupling the description of a scenario from the simulation platform itself, as well as supporting iterative and flexible development of learning content. To this end, we provide three interrelated components: First, we develop a scenario description language based on Answer Set Programming. The language is designed to allow an automated reasoner to deduce a schedule of the future events that are caused by an action taken in a given simulation environment. Second, we define a protocol for exchanging actions and computed futures between, respectively, the simulation environment and the external automated reasoner. Finally, as a proof of concept, we develop an Application Programming Interface (API) for the Unity Real-Time Development Platform that implements the protocol and offers a software framework for connecting the computed future events to concrete game objects. This allows the game to evolve coherently from the specification. We argue that the resulting system inherits capabilities for artificial commonsense reasoning from its declarative basis which are useful for reasoning about an evolving emergency incident or training scenario.
Event-triggered adaptive dynamic programming for optimal tracking control of unmanned surface vessel with input constraints
Authors: Zhou Lu , Shen Zhipeng , Nie Yi , Yu Haomiao
Published: March 2023

In this paper, an event-triggered control mechanism scheme based on dynamic surface control and adaptive dynamic programming (DSC-ETCADP) is proposed for optimal trajectory tracking of the unmanned surface vessel (USV) with input constraints. First, the control structure is designed using dynamic surface control (DSC) as feedforward control and adaptive dynamic programming as feedback control, which not only ensures the tracking of reference trajectory but also improves the control accuracy. Second, due to the data-driven nature of adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) and the ability to adjust parameters online, it can be solved by USV with unknown disturbance. Third, the event-triggered mechanism can save computation and reduce the number of executions of the controller, in addition to avoiding Zeno behavior. Finally, according to the Lyapunov stability theory, all signals in the closed-loop system are globally uniformly and ultimately bounded (UUB). The DSC-ETCADP scheme is compared with DSC method. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The spillover impacts of urbanization and energy usage on CO2 emissions: A regional analysis in the United States
Authors: Tawfeeq Mousa
Published: March 2023

This study endeavors to identify how urbanization and energy factors (use, prices, and policies) have influenced CO2 emission patterns per capita among the 48 U.S. states and the District of Columbia from 2000 to 2015. To examine interconnections between state-level emissions, three different spatial panel data models are estimated: the spatial autoregressive model, spatial error model, and the spatial Durbin model models. This study makes contributions to the literature by applying a spatial panel data approach and including policies on urbanization and renewable standards. Urbanization is found to have a statistically significant, negative direct effect on emissions, yet a negative spillover effect such that a 1.0% increase in state i's urbanization level leads to a 0.30% decrease in its own state's emissions, but a 0.012% increase in an adjacent state j's emissions. Although state-level emissions are increased by higher energy use and coal consumption, both energy prices and renewable portfolio standards decrease emissions both within their own and adjacent states.
Iran’s uprisings for ‘Women, Life, Freedom’: Over-determination, crisis, and the lineages of revolt
Authors: Sadeghi-Boroujerdi Eskandar
Published: March 2023

This article explores the manifold lineages of crisis and revolt currently afflicting the Islamic Republic of Iran, most recently bursting forth in the 2022/2023 national uprisings where women-led mass protests and forceful rejection of mandatory veiling laws captured global attention. This interdisciplinary piece of research, bringing together several different theoretical approaches and historical literatures, interrogates and reflects upon what I call following Stuart Hall a ‘conjunctural crisis’ along the four major axes of (1) gender oppression and social reproduction; (2) the ethnocentric, dominative, and centralising nation-state and the still unresolved ‘ethno-national question’; (3) ‘religious democracy’ and the impasse of the Reform movement; and (4) authoritarian neoliberalism and the Islamic Republic’s political economy of predation. The article aims to show not only how these distinct crises have longer and more complicated lineages than might initially appear to be the case but also demonstrate how they have mutually constituted and shaped one another over the course of several decades, constituting part of a larger political and social system. Moreover, it aspires to provide a systematic and historically contextualised account of ongoing emancipatory struggles for democratic rights and liberation in today’s Iran.
Administration of a new nano delivery system coated with Tirofiban to prevent early thrombosis of vein graft
Authors: Gao Mingxin , Ding Xiaohang , Lian Xiaodong , Yu Wenyuan , Dong Shuo , Wang Bolin , Wang Yapei , Yu Yang
Published: March 2023

Objective

To verify the administration of a new nano delivery system coated with Tirofiban on preventing early thrombosis in vein graft.

Methods

Forty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into five groups with eight rabbits in each group. The rabbits of all groups underwent jugular vein transplantation, except group I with only neck opening and closing operation. Vein grafts of group II were preprocessed by intravenous injection of normal saline; group III were preprocessed by tirofiban alone; group IV were preprocessed by unloaded nanoparticles of PLGA-PEG; group V were preprocessed by PLGA-PEG coated with tirofiban. Coagulation and platelet function of peripheral and vein graft blood were detected at 1, 2, 4, 12 h and 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 days after operation. Patency rate of vein graft and blood flow index were measured by vascular ultrasound at third, seventh, 10th, and 14th days after operation; two rabbits in each group were randomly sacrificed at the corresponding time of detection. Pathological differences of vein grafts were observed by HE stainin.

Results

The patency rate of vein grafts in group V was significantly higher than that in group II to IV. The platelet and platelet aggregation rate in group V were inhibited in vein graft blood significantly. The post-operative PT and APTT in vein graft blood in group V were increased obviously while the FBG, D-dimer and FDP were significantly inhibited. Except group I, the lumen loss rate of vein grafts in group V was significantly lower than that in other groups, and vein graft blood in group V had a significant lower expression of platelet P-selectin and GP IIb/IIIa receptor than that in other groups.

Conclusion

This study proves that PEG-PLGA coated with tirofiban can effectively prevent early vein graft stenosis from thrombosis by inhibition of platelet function, coagulation function.
Understanding revolutions: About the trilogy of Azmi Bishara
Authors: Hanafi Sari
Published: March 2023

Influential in his writing about the Arab Spring, Azmi Bishara delivers a trilogy about the revolutions in Tunisia, Egypt and Syria which was first published in Arabic and then translated with some updates to English. while theoretically grounded, they are the outcome of extensive research and documentation of everyday events in these three countries and a reflection on the heated debates in the Arab world. Using a democratic transition theory perspective, Bishara thus explains the failure of the democratic transition and how it has impacted the Arab revolutions ever since. Despite the major setback in all these revolutions, Bishara, like myself, is still hopeful that this is the only dynamic that is possible to deliver long waiting changes.
Think tanks with Chinese characteristics
Authors: Zhou Wenxing
Published: March 2023

The year 2023 marks the 10th anniversary of the Chinese government’s announcement of the strategy to build ‘new-type think tanks with Chinese characteristics’. As thousands of new think tanks launched across the country, has the Chinese government attained its strategic goals including advancing the scientific and democratic decision-making and the modernization of the national governance system and capacity? What key questions concerning think tanks remain unsolved? And what prospects on new think tanks could be expected? To answer these questions, this essay reviews five books written by representative Chinese think tank scholars and practitioners. It argues that while China has made progress in terms of quality, quantity, and institution building of new think tanks, as the books under review demonstrate, some major challenges remain. Among them, the most severe is that China has yet to develop a competitive idea market and cultivate an open think tank culture. This essay concludes by arguing that there is a long road ahead for China to shift from a big think tank country to a powerful think tank country.
Three Enigmatic Scenes of Merneptah in the Court of the Seventh Pylon at Karnak
Authors: Salvador Chiara
Published: March 2023

Three scenes on the east wall of the court of the seventh pylon at Karnak are discussed in this paper. The larger scene at the top of the wall depicts a royal figure between the paws of a ram-headed sphinx with hacked cartouches. I propose that the royal figure represents Merneptah and that it might have been carved when he was still a crown prince, although this remains a hypothesis due to the absence of a princely title. Below, two previously unpublished small scenes represent Merneptah as king offering to Hathor and Shepsi respectively, the latter depiction a rarity at Karnak. This ensemble might have functioned as a votive locus where people would address prayers, as suggested by graffiti and grooves left nearby, as well as the presence of an object between the lower scenes, possibly to be identified with a sun disc (Cairo JE 38679) that was discovered in the area, which presumably crowned a ram protome.