bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Surface Roughness on the Electrochemical Behavior and Corrosion Resistance of TiTaNbZrAg Alloy with Different Amount of Tantalum in Bulk Composition
Authors: Dobri Gabriel , Banu Alexandra , Donath Cristina , Neacsu Elena Ionela , Anastasescu Mihai , Maxim Monica Elisabeta , Vasilescu Cora , Preda Loredana , Marcu Maria
Published: September 2024

The corrosion behavior of the TiTaNbZrAg alloys with different amounts of Tantalum (0 %, 10 % and 20%) and with distinct surface topography (smooth and rough) was investigated in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) for long-time immersion (1000 hours). The corrosion resistance was studied by Open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization (PP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). From the potentiodynamic investigations, it was observed that all types of samples show good corrosion resistance (i.e. Rcorr < 10µm y-1) and may be used successfully for medical applications. However, the samples with smooth surface and with a certain amount of Ta (10 % and 20%) exhibit the best corrosion performance (Rcorr < 1µm y-1). As regard the samples with rough surface, the results evidenced that they show lower corrosion resistance (1< Rcorr < 3 µm y-1), suggesting that the Ta presence not necessary brings about a very good corrosion protection. Actually, the synergetic effect of both the presence of Ta and surface roughness plays an important role in corrosion behavior. Based on literature reports, we assume that the good corrosion resistance results from the good stability of the film, formed mainly from Ta2O5 and TiO2, formed on the alloy surface during immersion in PBS.
Emerging Trends in Flavonoid Research: Advances in Understanding and Applications
Authors: Tiwari Shashank , Talreja Shreya
Published: September 2024

Flavonoids are secondary plant metabolites involved in biological activity that are present in plentiful proportions in many plant origin foods and beverages. Owing to their chemical difference and qualities that make them beneficial for human health, they have received a lot of focus in research. This review therefore presents an account on the chemical structure of flavonoids, food sources and their metabolism with emphasis on bioavailability. And they also examine their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, and antimicrobial properties and reveal related molecular processes. In addition, it overviews the clinical data concerning their possible use in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Some of the problems that attend current flavonoid research are also dealt with; such issues as variation in the bioactivity of flavonoids and scarcity of clinical studies. This review is designed to present current state of knowledge and to provoke further research concerning the further potential of flavonoids in enhancing human health.
Enhanced Chemical Stability of Tetramethylammonium Head Groups via Deep Eutectic Solvent: A Computational Study
Authors: Karibayev Mirat , Myrzakhmetov Bauyrzhan , Wang Yanwei , Mentbayeva Almagul
Published: September 2024

The chemical stability of tetramethylammonium (TMA) head groups, both with and without the presence of a choline chloride and ethylene glycol-based deep eutectic solvent (DES), was studied using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and ab initio Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. DFT calculations of transition state energetics (ΔEreaction, ΔGreaction, ΔEactivation, and ΔGactivation) for key degradation mechanisms, ylide formation (YF) and nucleophilic substitution (SN2), suggested that the presence of DES enhances the stability of the TMA head groups compared to systems without DES. Ab initio MD simulations across hydration levels (HLs) 1 to 5 indicated that without DES, YF dominates at lower HLs, while SN2 does not occur. In contrast, both mechanisms are suppressed in the presence of DES. Temperature also plays a role: without DES, YF dominates at 298 K, while SN2 becomes prominent at 320 K and 350 K. With DES, both degradation mechanisms are inhibited. These findings suggest DES could improve the chemical stability of TMA head groups in anion exchange membranes.
Evaluating Stacked Dielectric Elastomer Actuators as Soft Motor Units for Forming Artificial Muscles in Biomimetic Rehabilitation Robots
Authors: Mohammadi Vahid , Mohammadi Ghalehney Sahel , Tajdani Mohammad , Lee Samuel C.K. , Behboodi Ahad
Published: September 2024

The recent commercial availability of stacked dielectric elastomer actuators (SDEAs) has unlocked new opportunities for their application as "artificial skeletal muscles" in rehabilitation robots and powered exoskeletons. Composed of multiple layers of thin, elastic capacitors, these actuators present a lightweight, soft, and acoustically noiseless alternative to traditional DC motor actuators commonly used in rehabilitation robotics, thereby enhancing the natural feel of such systems. Building on our previous research, this study aimed to evaluate the most recent version of commercial SDEAs to assess their potential for mechanizing rehabilitation robots. We quantified the stress and strain behavior and stiffness of these actuators in both single and 1x3 configurations (with three SDEAs connected in series). The actuators demonstrated the capability to generate up to 25 N of force, 103 KPa, a value closely resembling human biceps, with a longitudinal strain measured at about 11%. The significant increase in force generation from 10 N, in the previous version, to 25 N and displacement from 3.3% to 11% substantially enhances the applicability of this actuator rehabilitation robotics. SDEAs' high force generation capability, combined with their strain and stress characteristics comparable to that of human biological muscles make them ideal alternative actuators for biomimetic robots and applications where actuators must operate in the vicinity of the human body.
Historical Analysis of Resilience in Spanish Desalination Companies: Period 1980-2024
Authors: Montano Borja
Published: September 2024

The article examines the evolution and resilience of the Spanish desalination industry in response to changing market conditions and technological challenges. Initially focused on domestic projects, Spanish companies leveraged the A.G.U.A. Program to gain expertise, which later facilitated their successful international expansion as local demand diminished. The industry has adapted to varying international regulations and local conditions, demonstrating flexibility and competitiveness. In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on integrating renewable energy into desalination processes to address rising energy costs and environmental concerns. This shift not only reduces CO2 emissions but also stabilizes operational costs, highlighting the sector’s ongoing innovation and adaptability.
Comparation of CALPUFF and CFD Modeling of Toxic Gas Dispersion in Mountainous Environments
Authors: Li Mei , Lo ChoHo , Yang Dongou , Li Yuanchen , Li Zhe
Published: September 2024

Real-time simulation of toxic gas dispersion is critical for emergency management in high-sulphur gas fields. The CALPUFF (California Puff model) gas dispersion model, a Lagrangian Gaussian Puff model, is often used in mountainous environments due to its ability to handle complex terrain and weather conditions. Verifying the accuracy of toxic gas dispersion simulations under mountainous conditions is vital for emergency response and rescue. In this article, CALPUFF and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) gas dispersion modeling are compared, studying emissions from a hypothetical pipeline breakout accident in a mountainous area, focusing on range of Semi-Lethal Concentration (LC$_{50}$), Immediate Danger to Life and Health Concentration(IDLH). Thirteen groups of simulation conditions are set up for the experiment, including static wind and winds from the east(E), south(S), west(W), and north(N) at speeds of 1, 2, and 3$m/s$. Comparative experiments between CALPUFF and CFD models show consistent results, confirming the feasibility of CALPUFF for near-field moutainous applications. The overall dispersion range deviation between two methods under calm or light wind of N, E and W is about 300$m$. However,the simulation results of the CALPUFF model and the CFD model show significant differences in S wind. In CALPUFF simulation that the toxic gases are channeled by the valleys, while in the CFD model the toxic gases climb over the mountain top and continue to spread and extend towards the northern valley. The evaluation of CALPUFF’s suitability for applications in near-field mountainous environments indicates its potential use for high-sulfur gas fields and gas dispersion simulations in emergency scenarios.
Machine Learning Discoveries of Interleukin-X Synergy in ETC-1922159 Treated Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Sinha Shriprakash
Published: September 2024

Often, in biology, we are faced with the problem of exploring relevant unknown biological hypotheses in the form of myriads of combinations of factors/genes/proteins that might be affecting the pathway under certain conditions. In colorectal cancer (CRC) cells treated with ETC-1922159, many genes were found up and down regu- lated, individually. A recently developed search engine ranked combinations of Inter- leukin (IL)-X (X, a particular gene/protein) at 2nd order level after drug administration. These rankings reveal which IL-X combinations might be working synergistically in CRC. If found true, oncologists can further test the combination of interest in wet lab and determine the mechanism of functioning between the IL and X. In this research work, we cover combinations of IL with nuclear factor κ B (NFκB), Potassium ion channel sub- family members (KCN), mucin (MUC), TP53, STAT, TNF receptor as- sociated factor (TRAF), STEAP4 metalloreductase, STEAP3 metalloreductase, ATP- binding cassette (ABC) transporters and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
Construction of Lyapunov Certificates for Systems on Torus Using Trigonometric Polynomials
Authors: Kudeyt Mahmut , Tripathi Swapnil , Gökçen Alkım , Şahin Savaş , Karabacak Ozkan
Published: September 2024

Amethod for the certification of local and almost global stability of invariant sets of ordinary differential equations on torus is proposed. The method is based on using trigonometric polynomials as candidates of local Lyapunov functions or (global) Lyapunov densities (so-called dual Lyapunov functions) and converting the required local Lyapunov or dual Lyapunov conditions into semidefinite programming. We provide several examples with three and four oscillators to showcase the adaptability of our results, which can be used to certify partial or complete phase-locking/phase-cohesion and to validate the presence of an attracting/repelling set in various scenarios.
Anticipated Immigration Rate Changes Necessary to Maintain Canadian Population with Proposed Expansion of Medical Assistance in Dying for Mental Health Disorders
Authors: Jamil Uzair , Pearce Joshua M.
Published: September 2024

Recent legalization and normalization of euthanasia through the government program of medical assistance in dying (MAiD) is impacting Canada's population dynamics and is now the fifth leading cause of death. Ongoing proposals suggest expanding MAiD eligibility to mental illness. A knowledge gap exists to determine to what degree this expansion of MAiD may exacerbate the existing challenges associated with an aging population and declining birth rates. It may also complicate meeting national population targets of 100 million by 2100 set by the Century Initiative. To fill these knowledge gaps, this study conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the prevalence of mental illness in Canada. The results show that if MAiD is expanded to mental disorders under the high MAiD scenario by mid-century it will impact about 12.3% of the population. The low MAiD scenario projects an increase from 45,786 to 227,024 additional deaths/year. The likely scenario shows MAiD growing from 214,499 to approximately 896,312 by mid-century. Thus, if MAiD is expanded to mental illness under the likely scenario, more than half a million additional immigrants will be needed per year. These results emphasize the importance of integrating immigration policies with MAiD practices to ensure demographic stability and achieve long-term population objectives.
Enhancing Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation with Electromyography-Monitored Virtual Reality-Based Games
Authors: Ibrahim Zunaidi , Cahyadi Basri Noor , Aziz Azlan , Shamil Ahmad
Published: September 2024

Stroke is a significant global health concern, ranking among the top causes of death and disability. Timely post-stroke recovery hinges on structured upper limb rehabilitation within the first 24–48 hours. Although virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation is promising, its accessibility is complex and cost-limited, especially in less developed regions. In this study, we developed and assessed nonimmersive VR rehabilitation games using the Kinect Xbox One and UNITY game engine, targeting upper limb movement sequences vital for post-stroke recovery. The developed games involved simple to progressively challenging movements, engaging the deltoid, biceps, and triceps muscles, and aligning with post-stroke rehabilitation criteria. We used peak-to-peak electromyography signal detection with a 20% threshold and three distinct feature extractions to represent muscle contractions during gameplay. Our cosine similarity analysis revealed the efficacy of games in meeting movement sequence criteria, benefiting mostly the shoulder motor and deltoid muscles (93% improvement) with more moderate improvements in the biceps (73%) and triceps (47%). Our results suggest that these games could contribute to upper limb stroke rehabilitation, particularly that of the deltoid muscle. This study highlights the potential of VR-based rehabilitation games in post-stroke upper limb recovery, emphasizing muscle engagement, target distances, and rehabilitation criteria in game design. Although healthy participants were involved here, future research involving post-stroke patients and the exploration of more immersive, multiplanar movements hold the potential for a more comprehensive rehabilitation experience. Our study contributes to advancing the common knowledge related to VR-based stroke rehabilitation, focusing on upper limb movement sequences with implications for therapeutic engagement and recovery.
Nanostructured Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystals Using a Ferroelectric Smectic a Liquid Crystal
Authors: Yamaguchi Masaki , Matsukizono Hiroyuki , Okumura Yasushi , Kikuchi Hirotsugu
Published: September 2024

Nanostructured polymer dispersed liquid crystals (nano-PDLCs) are transparent and optically isotropic materials, in which submicron-sized liquid crystal (LC) domains are dispersed within a polymer matrix. Nano-PDLCs can induce their birefringence by applying an electric field (E-field) based on reorientation of LC molecules. If nano-PDLCs are utilized as light scattering-less birefringence memory materials, it is necessary to suppress the relaxation of LC molecules orientation after removal of the E-field. We focused on a ferroelectric smectic A (SmA) to suppress the relaxation of LC molecules due to their layered structure and high viscosity. Although nano-PDLCs require a strong E-field to reorient LC molecules due to the anchoring effect on the LC/polymer interface, the required field strength can be reduced by using a ferroelectric smectic A (SmAF) LC with a large dielectric constant. In this study, we fabricated a nano-PDLC by irradiating an ultraviolet light to a mixture comprising of a SmAF LC, photocurable monomers and a photo-initiator and its electro-birefringence effect was evaluated using a polarizing optical microscopy. After removal of an E-field, enhanced memory effect was observed on the sample using SmAFLC comparing to nematic LC based nano-PDLCs. (193 words/ 200 words)
Droplet Digital Pcr Enhances Sensitivity and Accuracy in Canine Distemper Virus Detection
Authors: Iribarnegaray Victoria , Godiño Guillermo , Larrañaga Camila , Yamasaki Kanji , Verdes José Manuel , Puentes Rodrigo
Published: September 2024

Canine distemper virus (CDV) poses a substantial threat to diverse carnivores, leading to sys-temic and often fatal diseases. Accurate and prompt diagnosis is paramount for effective man-agement and curbing further transmission. This study evaluates the diagnostic efficacy of drop-let digital PCR (ddPCR) in comparison to conventional reverse transcription (RT-PCR) and quantitative reverse transcription real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Seventy-six clinical samples were collected from dogs with CDV symptoms diagnosed by specialized veterinarians, and sixteen samples from asymptomatic individuals. Conventional PCR, quantitative real-time PCR, and ddPCR were deployed, and their diagnostic capabilities were meticulously assessed. DdPCR ex-hibited heightened analytical sensitivity, reaching a detection limit of 3 copies/μL, whereas RT-qPCR had a detection limit of 86 copies/μL. The comparative analysis between clinical diagnosis and molecular techniques, including RT-PCR and RT-qPCR, demonstrated low concordance, with Kappa coefficients of 0.268 and 0.324, respectively. In contrast, ddPCR, showed a moderate concordance, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.477. Sensitivity was 42.39% for RT-PCR, 57.89% for RT-qPCR and 72.37% for ddPCR, with 100% of specificity for all methods. This study under-scores ddPCR's superior sensitivity and concordance with clinical CDV diagnosis, even at low viral concentrations, suggesting it as a promising alternative for CDV diagnosis.
Exploring the Plastic Surgery Related Experiences, Needs, Confidence and Knowledge Gaps of Foundation Year Doctors
Authors: Gili Natalia
Published: September 2024

Plastic surgery is a diverse speciality, relevant to non-plastic doctors, as plastic surgeons frequently collaborate with other specialities and its’ basic principles are transferable across multiple specialities. Foundation year (FY) doctors are the most junior doctors in the workforce and may need to apply plastic surgery knowledge and principles during their clinical duties. Despite this, formal plastic surgery education for junior doctors is limited, resulting in an educational gap. This study gains insight into the perceived confidence, knowledge gaps, skills, educational activities and needs related to plastic surgery. This qualitative study uses phenomenology through semi-structured individual interviews with 8 FY doctors. Data was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. This study revealed that plastic surgery features diversely in the work life of FYs, who often manage patients with a lack of knowledge and confidence, influencing patient care and FY wellbeing. FYs primarily acquire knowledge and confidence through experiential learning and individual initiative. A need for curriculum improvements was expressed. FYs are an essential part of the workforce who exhibited educational gaps and a lack of confidence in plastic surgery knowledge. We suggest improved integration of plastic surgery into the FY curriculum for improved FY knowledge and patient care.
An Innovative Way of Studying Plane Curves Based on Educational Robotics at University Level
Authors: Szilágyi Szilvia , Körei Attila , Vaičiulytė And Ingrida
Published: September 2024

The use of educational robotics has become increasingly popular in STEM education, offering motivating and hands-on learning experiences. This paper explores the potential of educational robotics for teaching plane curves at the university level. Specifically, it investigates the development and implementation of a LEGO SPIKE Prime robot designed to draw various central trochoids, including epicycloids and hypocycloids. The robot’s construction and programming are described, emphasizing the relationship between the robot’s physical movements and the mathematical equations of the curves it produces. The study also examines the integration of dynamic geometry software, which allows for visualization of the curves and verification of the robot’s accuracy. The paper concludes that educational robotics can serve as a valuable tool for enhancing both theoretical and practical understanding of mathematical and engineering concepts, offering a more engaging and interactive approach to learning.
The Impact of the Lighting Regimen and Feeding Program during Rearing on Hy-Line Brown Pullets at the End of Rearing and, During Early Lay
Authors: Muir Wendy Isabelle , Akter Yeasmin , Kho Sebastian K.Y. , Bruerton Kenneth , Groves Peter John
Published: September 2024

As hen body weight (BW) impacts egg weight (EW) and feed efficiency, egg producers prefer pullets of a specific size to enter the egg-laying cycle. Lighting and feeding programs were tested to achieve target pullet BW. Three feeding programs: Ad libitum (Ad lib); feeding to achieve breed standard weight for age (BSW); feeding to achieve 88% BSW (managed) were used with either control lighting, (CL: 10h light/d from 7 weeks of age (WOA)) or reduced lighting (RL: 9h light/d from 4 WOA). At 16 WOA pullets moved to cages and ad libitum feeding under a step-up photoperiod reaching 16h at 33 WOA. The age and weight of first egg, BW, feed intake (FI), egg production (EP) and EW were measured until 36 WOA. At 16 WOA, pullets reared with Ad lib feeding under CL had higher BW and cumulative FI (CFI) compared to Ad lib feeding under RL. The latter were the earliest and managed pullets under CL the latest, to lay. Control lighting and BSW independently generated the heaviest first eggs. At 36 WOA, BW, EW, CFI and CEP were highest following Ad lib feeding during rearing while CL generated higher BW and EW but lower CEP than RL. Hence lighting and feeding programs throughout rearing can regulate pullet growth and, hen performance throughout early lay.
Beyond Genetics: The Role of Familial Comorbidities in Shaping Migraine Phenotypes
Authors: Ozdemir Gultekin Tugce , Eyupoglu Sevim , Uluduz Ezgi , Uluduz Derya , Ozge Aynur
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Migraine is a highly disabling neurological condition with substantial variability in its clinical presentation. This study aimed to explore the influence of familial transmission of comorbid medical conditions on the phenotype of chronic and episodic migraine.
Methods: A total of 500 patients who presented to a private tertiary headache clinic were categorized into episodic and chronic migraine groups based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 criteria. Data on demographics, clinical symptoms, and familial medical history were collected. Statistical analysis included chi-square and independent sample t-tests to evaluate the impact of familial comorbidities on migraine phenotypes.
Results: Of the participants, 63% were diagnosed with episodic migraine and 37% with chronic migraine. Significant findings included higher rates of medication overuse (63.31%) and allodynia (58.82%) in patients with chronic migraine. Notably, patients with a maternal history of hypercholesterolemia showed a higher prevalence of chronic migraine (78.6%), whereas those with both parents affected tended to have episodic migraine. Educational levels are inversely correlated with the prevalence of chronic migraine, suggesting a socioeconomic influence on migraine chronification.
Discussion: This study highlights significant associations between familial health conditions and migraine phenotypes. The findings suggest that the maternal transmission of comorbidities, particularly hypercholesterolemia, may influence the development of chronic migraine. These results underscore the importance of considering familial medical history in the management and understanding of migraine.
Relationship Between Condylar and Ramal Asymmetries and ABO and RH Blood Groups: A Pilot Study
Authors: Polat Mehmet Emrah , Durmus Halil Ibrahim , Gül Mehmet
Published: September 2024

Background:The association between ABO and Rh blood groups and diseases is an intriguing topic that continues to be studied. However, how mandibular symmetry may vary by blood group has not been investigated. This study explored the relationship between these blood groups and mandibular condyle and ramal asymmetries in the Turkish adult population.
Methods:The study included 149 adult patients (67 males and 82 females) without systemic diseases or temporomandibular disorder complaints. Asymmetry was assessed in panoramic radiographic images using a formula developed in a previous study. The chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to analyze differences among ABO groups while the Mann-Whitney U test was used for Rh groups.
Results:There were no statistically significant differences among the ABO blood groups, nor the Rh groups, in terms of sex, Rh factor, and age distribution. However, a comparison of the ABO and Rh blood groups revealed that condylar asymmetries were significantly more common in the AB group.
Conclusions:These results suggest that mandibular asymmetry may be associated with the ABO blood group. These findings may guide future research to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between mandibular asymmetry and blood groups.
Chiral Sodium Glicerophosphate Catalyst for Enantioselective Michael Reactions of Chalcones
Authors: Ghigo Giovanni , Rivella Julia , Robiolio Bose Alessio , Dughera Stefano
Published: September 2024

A chiral sodium glicerophosphate is successfully exploited as catalyst in Michael addition of methyl malonate to a number of chalcones. The reactions furnished the target adducts in satisfactory yields and good enantiomeric excesses. A tentative of computational study is presented aiming to understand the reaction mechanism.
Organizational Resilience Opacity in the Prism of Circular Strategy – Metal Industry Manufacturing Practice
Authors: Zapłata Sławomir , Muradin Magdalena , Feliczek Patryk , Banach Joanna Katarzyna , Sieciński Kacper
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the impact of circular economy (CE) strategies on organizational resilience (OR) within the metal industry, focusing on a case study of a forging department in a large man-ufacturing company. The idea of the paper is to link the macroeconomic topic of circular economy (CE) with microeconomic and practical activities in the organization, exploring how CE principles can improve resource efficiency, sustainability, and organizational resilience. A systematic literature review and case study methodology were used to assess the relationship between CE and OR. The findings reveal that companies with higher circularity demonstrate better resilience, both in normal operations and during crises. Specifically, in the case study, the closure of the forging department, following a detailed analysis using the Inputs-Mediators-Outputs (IMO) model, emerged as the most sustainable option, yielding financial, environmental, and operational benefits. This decision aligned with the company’s long-term goals of energy efficiency and carbon neutrality. The research highlights the significance of integrating CE strategies with business processes to not only achieve sustainability but also to build a more adaptable and resilient organization. Future research should explore broader applications of this framework across different industries to strengthen the links between circular economy practices and organizational resilience.
Evolution Of Self-gravitating Fluid Spheres Involving Ghost Stars
Authors: Herrera Luis , Di Prisco Alicia , Ospino Justo
Published: September 2024

We present some exact analytical solutions describing, either the evolution of fluid distributions corresponding to a ghost star (vanishing total mass), or describing the evolution of fluid distributions which attain the ghost star status at some point of their lives. The first two solutions correspond to the former case, they admit a conformal Killing vector (CKV) and describe the adiabatic evolution of a ghost star. Other two solutions corresponding to the latter case are found, which describe evolving fluid sphere absorbing energy from the outside, leading to a vanishing total mass at some point of their evolution. In this case the fluid is assumed to be expansion–free. In all four solutions the condition of vanishing complexity factor was imposed. A discussion of the physical implications of the results, is presented.
Toward a Comprehensive Economic Comparison Framework for Solar Projects: A Case Study of Utility and Residential Scales
Authors: He Bowen , Zheng Han , Zhang Qixiao , Zhao Yayan , Tang Huaizhi , Xi Ping , Wei Laiwei , Li Muqing , Guan Qun
Published: September 2024

The growing demand for clean energy transitions has become increasingly significant, with solar energy emerging as one of the most prominent clean energy resources contributing to this effort. However, there remains limited knowledge regarding the economic feasibility of solar project development across different geographic locations and scales. This study introduces a comprehensive economic analysis framework to assess the economic viability of residential and utility-scale solar projects, using California, Tennessee, and Texas as case studies. The economic assessment is conducted through a cost-benefit analysis that adopts a full life-cycle approach, encompassing phases from permitting to demolition for both scales of solar projects. We found that utility-scale solar projects generally offer more favorable investment return ratios compared to residential projects, despite the absence of land acquisition costs and lower initial capital expenditures for the latter. Furthermore, the incorporation of energy storage solutions, such as Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), is shown to be essential for improving the efficiency of residential solar energy usage, with efficiency gains of up to 50%. Finally, region-specific strategies, including net metering policies, electricity retail market structures, and the promotion of solar adoption, play a crucial role in enhancing the financial viability of solar projects for both residential and utility scales.
A Study of Library Mobile Robot Book Classification and Transportation by Integrating DA and RMM
Authors: Zhang Dongli
Published: September 2024

As the complexity of modern library management tasks increases, it is difficult for traditional mobile robots to meet the task of moving and classifying books. In order to design a mobile robot that can autonomously classify and transport books, the study realizes the tasks of book classification and transportation in libraries by fusing the differential speed algorithm and the robot motion model algorithm. First, the robot operating system is utilized to scan the books, classify the books, and obtain the category information of the books. Then, the differential speed algorithm is used to control the motion of the robot to ensure that the robot can accurately transport the books to the designated location. At the same time, combined with the robot motion model algorithm, the motion trajectory of the robot is planned to ensure that the robot can avoid obstacles and stably complete the book transportation task. Finally, the deep reinforcement learning algorithm is used to train the decision-making model of the robot to improve the intelligence level of the robot. The results of simulation experiments show that the research method has the highest accuracy, with an average accuracy of 99.98%, and the robot is able to accurately categorize the books and quickly avoid obstacles with strong stability. The results of the application experiments show that the research method has the shortest moving distance, with an average moving distance of 132 m and an average completion time of 34 seconds, which are lower than the remaining three types of robots. The research robot showed high accuracy in the task of returning books in four time periods within 10 days in the library, with an average accuracy of 99.58%. The experimental results validate the superiority of the research methodology and show that the robots are capable of accurately recognizing and classifying books and can autonomously perform transportation tasks in libraries. The research results help to improve the automation level and management efficiency of libraries and have important application value.
PROFILING THE SURFACE OF THE PIN HOLE IN THE PISTON BODY
Authors: Bilohub O.V.
Published: September 2024

Minimization of the mass of the piston kit, which consists of three main parts - piston, pin and connecting rod, is connected, among other things, with the possibility of reducing the diameter of the steel pin. On the other hand, a decrease in its diameter inevitably leads to an increase in stresses in the piston pin hole (PPH) and possible destruction. It is known that reducing the mass of the piston set from 5 to 20% leads to an increase in the output parameters of the internal combustion engine - torque and power by 1% to 4.5%. The purpose of the study is to determine the possibility of reducing the stresses in the bearing due to the profiling of its surface while reducing the diameter of the piston pin. The research algorithm is presented, which consists of building a geometric model of the piston assembly, loading with excessive pressure taking into account the plasticity of the material, modifying the geometry of the PPH and checking the stresses of the loaded state. The conventional piston model has the following geometry: diameter – 80 mm; height – 60 mm; compression height – 30 mm; the diameter of the finger hole is 18 mm; the distance between the bumps is 28 mm. Piston material – aluminum-based alloy – AISI 2014-0, pin and connecting rod material – AISI 1020 steel. Pressure loading conditions: taking into account plasticity – nonlinear, harmonic, 2 cycles, maximum amplitude – 8 MPa; test - static, 6.5 MPa. A crumpling zone with residual deformations was detected in the PPH, the maximum final deformation practically does not differ in the first and second load cycles (0.0081 vs. 0.0084). Residual deformations occur 1/3 of the length from the inner edge of the head. The absolute residual deformations are given in the form of a sweep of the change in the PPH radius. The maximum value is about 0.04 mm. This result is the basis for modifying the geometry of the surface of the finger hole. The modified geometry of the PPH is obtained by boring the cylindrical surface with a profile modeled by the appropriate spline on the geometric model. The boring axis is offset by 0.02 mm from the PPH axis. Verification modeling showed that the averaged loads on the edge of the model are 143 MPa for the cylindrical and 107 MPa for the modified PPH (-25% for the modified profile).
THE INFLUENCE OF NITROUS OXIDE ADDITION TO THE AIR CHARGE ON THE INDICATORS OF A SPARK IGNITION ENGINE UNDER FULL LOAD OPERATION
Authors: Gutarevich Y.F. , Hora M.D.
Published: September 2024

The article presents the methodology and research results on the influence of nitrous oxide addition to the air charge on the energy and environmental indicators, as well as the fuel economy of a spark ignition engine with feedback and a three-way catalytic converter under full load conditions. Full load engine modes are often used in conditions of intense traffic of vehicles in cities and settlement. Increasing energy indicators is relevant for sports vehicles and stationary energy installations operating at full load. When determining the most efficient method of achieving high engine energy indicators, it is necessary to take into account the method's impact on the engine's environmental indicators and fuel economy. Several methods for increasing the energy indicators of spark ignition engines are known. One of the most utilized methods is enriching the fuel-air mixture. Engine operation on enriched fuel-air mixture leads to increased gasoline consumption and deterioration of environmental indicators, especially when using a catalytic converter. Therefore, research into methods that simultaneously improve the energy and environmental indicators of the engine in the mentioned operating modes without increasing fuel consumption is relevant. One such method is the use of oxygen-containing compounds, in particular nitrous oxide, added to the air charge. The article proposes a methodology for assessing the method's impact on engine performance indicators in relative terms compared to fuel-air mixture enrichment. We conducted a study of indicator indicators of engine operation, namely: energy indicators based on average indicator pressure, fuel efficiency indicators based on indicator coefficient of useful action, environmental indicators based on concentrations of pollutants in exhaust gases. Calculations using experimental data showed that by adding various amounts of nitrous oxide to the engine's air charge, it is possible to achieve higher energy indicators, improve environmental indicators without worsening fuel economy compared to fuel-air mixture enrichment.
Assessing the Dynamics of Sukuk Research on Scopus Database: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Arif Arif , Mulyati Sri , Handoko Lukman Hakim
Published: September 2024

This research aims to determine the dynamics of sukuk research on the Scopus database. This research has three novelties: choosing more complex keywords, standardizing keywords, and explaining complex future research findings. This research employs a mixed method, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative method in this research uses simple statistical techniques through bibliometric analysis. Meanwhile, the qualitative method uses a systematic literature review approach. This research uses secondary data taken from the Scopus database. The data analysis software used is VOSviewer. The research results show that based on its distribution, research on sukuk was first published in 2007, and as of October 2023, there were 524 documents. Based on productivity, the most productive writer is Nader Naifar from Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (14 documents), Malaysia's most productive country (170 documents). Based on his popularity, the most popular author is Godlewski C.J. (186 citations). Based on trends, the frequently appearing keywords are sukuk, the newly used keywords are green finance, and the rarely used keywords are blockchain. Based on future research directions, there are recommendations for 96 topics that can be researched. This research is beneficial for future sukuk research and supporting global sukuk practice.
Analisis Pemanfaatan Akun Instagram @Diskominfopontianak Sebagai Media Literasi Digital Masyarakat Kota Pontianak
Authors: Salsabilah Fikriyah Asyifa
Published: September 2024

The instagram account @diskominfopontianak is used as a digital literacy media for the Pontianak community. However, judging from the number of followers, there are still many people who have not taken advantage of this. This research aims aims to describe the benefits and effects of accounts as digital literacy media. The study used qualitative methods with indirect observation research techniques and in-depth interviews with 11 informants. The data analysis technique uses data reduction techniques, data presentation, conclusions and verification as well as data validity tests using credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The results show that, 1) Account management using regular procedures; 2) Content implemented the 8 elements of digital literacy from Belshaw's theory and provides cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses from followers; 3) Followers view of the account is positive. It can be concluded the account is effectively used as a digital literacy media for the people of Pontianak.
Implementation of Web-Based School Library Information System Design with RAD Method Approach
Authors: Anastasya Diva Berta , Fauziah Salsa , Margono Hendro
Published: September 2024

In the current era, several school libraries have implemented the design of web-based school library information systems using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) approach. The primary objective of this method is to enhance efficiency and accessibility in managing an organization/institution. This research aims to ascertain the advantages of the RAD method in the development of school library information systems. The research methodology employs a literature review by gathering relevant literature materials about the topic. The RAD method was chosen because it allows for rapid and iterative development, aligning with the dynamics of changing user needs and technology. The system is designed to support collection management, borrowing, and book searching effectively. The analysis results indicate that the implementation of the RAD Method in designing library information systems yields several positive impacts on the development of school library websites, namely, firstly, providing quick responses to user needs; secondly, improving previous systems; and finally, achieving relatively faster development compared to traditional software development methods.
STUDY OF SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: THE IMPACT OF FATHERLESSNESS
Authors: Kuswanto Cahniyo Wijaya , Meriyati Meriyati , Pratiwi Dona Dinda , Sakinah Dini
Published: September 2024

This problem is motivated by the fact that there are still many children who are fatherless because of divorced parents and fathers who are not present in the development of their social and emotional development have not yet developed. This study aims to find out how the impact of fatherlessness on the social and emotional development of children who have divorced parents, and children whose fathers are not present in development. The subjects of this research were 10 single parents/transferential care parents for early childhood children aged 5-6 years. The results of the research on the impact of fatherlessness on social- emotional development who experienced divorced parents had social-emotional development that was not well developed, children were still able to interact with other people but had a shy, quiet, introverted nature, preferring to be alone. the impact of fatherlessness on the social-emotional development of divorced parents has a social-emotional development that begins to develop the ability to interact with the environment and be cooperative. For the ability to interact with the surrounding environment, to be cooperative, to be tolerant, and to be empathetic well even though it is only limited to family members and closest friends. The findings that researchers found on the impact of fatherlessness on social-emotional development occurred in fatherless children, because of divorced parents and fathers who were not present in development. Children who experience divorced parents are more likely to be hampered by aspects of social-emotional development compared to fatherless children who are missing their parents’ role during the development process.
 
The Synergistic Health Threats of State Laws Targeting Marginalized Groups in the United States
Authors: Underhill Kristen , Earnshaw Valerie A. , Nelson Kimberly M.
Published: September 2024

Discriminatory state laws have deleterious effects on the health of socially marginalized groups. Health care clinicians, institutions, researchers, and research funders have tended to view different discriminatory laws in isolation, focusing on particular issues or groups. In contrast, intersectionality calls attention to the overlapping and synergistic systems of oppression that discriminatory legislation promotes or upholds, warranting an integrated analysis of these laws.

In this analytic essay, we assess discriminatory state laws simultaneously and discuss their implications for health care clinicians, institutions, and researchers. We present a multifunctional model of law and population health that describes how discriminatory law affects health outcomes among marginalized groups. We then draw on publicly available legislation trackers to identify 30 states that have enacted legislation since 2020 that targets Black people and other people of color; lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer people; transgender and nonbinary people; and women and other birthing people.

Finally, we call for a coordinated, multilateral, and forceful effort by health care professionals, institutions, researchers, and research funders to counter these laws and address their predictable health consequences. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(12):1335–1343. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307830 )
Coupled role of climate and tectonics in the deposition of the late Quaternary sedimentary sequence in the southern margin of the central Ganga Plain, India
Authors: Yadav Mukesh , Shukla U.K. , Gurumurthy G.P. , Ali Sajid , Kumar Kamlesh , Sharma Anupam
Published: September 2024

The Ganga Plain’s sedimentation is primarily controlled by Himalayan tectonics, variations in monsoon intensity, and glacier size. However, the significance of intrabasinal tectonics, which is an interplay of the Himalaya tectonics and basement tectonic configuration of the Ganga Plain, in comprehending the late Quaternary Ganga Plain sedimentation remains unclear. In this study, the sediment provenance and extent of weathering experienced by the sediments are studied using the mineralogical and geochemical (major, trace, and rare earth elements) composition of a sedimentary cliff sequence exposed at the Ramnagar locality near the cratonic peripheral bulge in the southern Ganga Plain. In the Ramnagar cliff sediment section, two sediment packages, designated SP-A and SP-B, are identified based on mineralogy, texture, and geochemistry. These packages of sediments show mild chemical weathering and distinct geochemical compositions. The lower part (SP-A) of the Ramnagar cliff section is characterized by higher contributions from mafic sources (pyroxene, feldspar, and mica as dominant minerals), while the upper part (SP-B) is predominately derived from felsic sources (mica and feldspar as dominant minerals), which are supplied via the peninsular and the Himalayan rivers, respectively. The southern part of the central Ganga Plain shows evidence of a shift in the sediment provenance from mafic to felsic source rock at 40 ka. This study demonstrates how weathering and sedimentation are controlled by both regional tectonics and climate in the southern margin of the central Ganga Plain.
A genome-wide association study of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in a large Korean population highlights its role in cholesterol metabolism
Authors: Oh Kwangyeon , Yuk Minju , Yang Soyoun , Youn Jiyeong , Dong Qian , Wang Zhaoming , Song Nan
Published: September 2024

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is a representative biomarker of systemic inflammation and is associated with numerous complex diseases. To explore the biological pathways and functions underlying chronic inflammation, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and several post-GWAS analyses of the hsCRP levels. This study was performed on data from 71,019 Koreans and is one of the largest East Asian studies. Overall, 69 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, including 12 novel variants located within SHE, RP11-740C1.2, FCRL6, STEAP1B, AC002480.5, TOMM7, SPPL3, RP11-216P16.6, RP11-209K10.2, CTC-490E21.12, CYP2F2P, CBLC, and PVRL2. The implicated genes and pathways are primarily involved in cholesterol metabolism and the immune response. A phenome-wide association study was performed based on a polygenic risk score constructed using 69 hsCRP-associated SNPs. Notably, the alleles associated with higher hsCRP levels appeared to be associated with lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P=1.69 × 10-33, β=-1.47). Our findings provide evidence of a link between hsCRP and cholesterol as well as the clinical importance of hsCRP. Specifically, we suggest that genetically determined hsCRP levels may be useful for predicting the potential risk of cardiovascular or other diseases related to lipid metabolism.