bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Pollution of Soils Utilized for Growing Edible Plants in the DR Congo
Authors: Mpanga Fabien Ilunga , Lutandula Michel Shengo
Published: April 2022

This research was carried out with the aim to assess the pollution that threatens agricultural soils in urban areas in the Haut-Katanga region (DR Congo) by searching for heavy metals in the arable soil bordering the Kimpulande drain, in the nearby of the Shituru commune, the City of Likasi. This drain has been utilized since the 1930s by the Gécamines, the largest state-owned mining company in the country, to dispose of wastewaters from the copper and cobalt industry. The population living in Shituru utilizes the arable soil bordering the Kimpulande drain to grow edible plants. Based on the results from physicochemical analysis of soil samples from the first 40 centimeters and the determination of the spatial distributions of pH, electrical conductivity, and concentrations of selected heavy metals (Cu, Co, Cd, and Fe), it was concluded that the study area is composed of an alkaline soil (pH = 7.54) of which the average electrical conductivity is about 700 µS/cm. Unlike average concentrations of cobalt and iron, those of copper and cadmium have similar behavior, given that their average values decrease with soil depth. Besides, the soil utilized for urban agriculture of edible plants is polluted on the surface by cadmium (> 3 mg/kg) and copper (> 40 mg/kg). It is contaminated in depth by cadmium (> 1 mg/kg) and cobalt (from 20 up to more 100 mg/kg). This is not the case for copper and iron, given that their concentrations remained smaller compared to the limits set by the quality standards (QS) applicable to soils for agricultural use. Given the toxicity related to the presence in the arable soil of heavy metals to high concentrations, it was deduced that the Shituru in-force agricultural practices might result in the population's exposure to serious health problems. Consequently, the urban agriculture of edible plants on arable soils threatened by mineral pollution must be prohibited to protect the population's health.
Coherence Among Children’s Verbal, Mathematical, Non-Verbal and Motor Skills
Authors: Miklánková Ludmila , Pugnerová Michaela , Rechtik Zdeněk
Published: April 2022

The aim of the research is to explore the relationship between the level of cognitive abilities and motor skills of children in younger school age. The research group consisted of 150 children (boys 77, girls 73) from the 1st stage of primary schools in the Czech Republic with an average age of 9.35 ± 0.61 years. The MABC-2 (Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2) test battery was chosen to determine the level of motor skills in children. Cognitive abilities with a focus on verbal, quantitative component and fluid intelligence were monitored through the Cognitive Ability Test (CAT). The research was assessed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Education, Palacký University in Olomouc. Data were obtained within the project IGA_PdF_2021_017. The obtained data indicate the relationship between some components of the motor skills level and the observed components of cognitive abilities (p ≤0.05). A closer examination of the issue can help in the specific development of interventions in the field of motor skills in order to support the cognitive functions of the child.
Use Progressive Visualization Teaching Method to Improve Learning Motivation of Calculus Courses
Authors: Lin Chih-Hao
Published: April 2022

The current Generation-Z students have the characteristics of active learners and visual gamers. The traditional teaching method only guides students to learn theoretical knowledge, lacking the experience of learning by doing and the challenge of solving practical problems. Therefore, this study proposes a three-stage progressive teaching method that uses traditional lectures, mathematical software, and visual problem-solving models incrementally over a semester. The purpose of this study is to provide students with an experiential learning environment to explore changes in their understanding and interest in calculus by sequentially engaging in three different teaching methods. The results of this research show that the introduction of visual mathematical software can allow students to directly observe the curve trend of functions, which is in line with the observer behavior of Generation Z’s learning preferences. Furthermore, engaging in creative projects enables students to apply concepts from the theory of variation to identify relationships between mathematical components and then create visual models for solving problems. Students agreed that the proposed three-stage pedagogy enhanced their interest in learning which allowed them to gain an applied knowledge of calculus through experimental learning.
Customer Segmentation With Machine Learning for Online Retail Industry
Authors: Turkmen Banu
Published: April 2022

In this study, a comparative analysis of various techniques is presented on customer segmentation methods based on online retail data. A few unsupervised machine learning (ML) clustering models such as K-means clustering model, hierarchical clustering model, Density-based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) model and a traditional model based on recency, frequency and monetary (RFM) clustering are evaluated in terms of the insight each model offers. The traditional model is included in the analysis since clustering models are not optimization models and the goodness of unsupervised models could only be evaluated with a practical business approach. The results are shared, and each model is assessed in terms of usability for marketing and communication strategies. At the end, the strengths and weaknesses of each model are discussed, and a methodology is proposed for selecting the best clustering method when facing the customer segmentation problem. A detailed literature review is also presented covering the developments in the field of artificial intelligence, clustering models in ML and examples of customer segmentation implementations in various industries.
The Manipulative Strategy of Discrediting in US Political Interview
Authors: Evsyukova Tatyana Vsevolodovna , Glukhova Olga Vladimirovna , Agababyan Susanna Rubenovna
Published: April 2022

The research aims at the speech discrediting strategy investigation in the light of the manipulative influence on the addressee. The American politicians’ interviews serve as a material for the case investigation. The paper considers, the concept of a political interview and the implementation of a discrediting strategy into a political text, highlights the main tactics and techniques of the discrediting strategy like the tactic of “unsupported derogation of authority”, comparative tactics, the “quoting the object of discredit” tactic, accusation tactics, bullying tactics, the tactics of insult, polarizing tactics, tactics of a precedent text “hooking”, the tactics of “aggressive opponent”. The study provides the speech analyses of discrediting strategy implementation. The paper applies the methods of contextual and content analyses of political interview texts regarding the means of discrediting strategy realization via political discourse analysis. The paper results in describing discrediting strategy tactics and the language means that realize each tactic correspondingly.
Linguistic Means of English Language at the Coverage of the Domestic Violence Problem
Authors: Dmitrieva Darya Antonovna , Glukhova Olga Vladimirovna
Published: April 2022

The modern tendencies of values, life principles and social dogmas development dictate new rules of behavioural norms and public ambitions determination. In conditions of the up-to-date global dynamic struggle against domestic violence, touching all categories of the society through the whole history of humanity, all modern languages, especially English, transform due to actualization of the family abuse topic. While the historical genre represents the tendency of normalization and justification of domestic violence, the sections of politics, law and sociology show more equitable and progressive directions of agitation, invoking the society to combat against this issue. The central target of the article is to analyze lexical modifications of English language to form the common attitude towards the intimate partner violence theme and uncover the ways language makes an impact on people`s thinking referred to this current problem. Using the discourse analysis method, the lexical units of the family abuse topic in different contexts and meanings have been considered, which made it possible to shape the attitude of social institutes and the community in general towards the domestic violence problem.
Juxta-articular nodules with transepidermal elimination in a patient with Raynaud’s phenomenon: the challenging differential diagnosis between rheumatoid nodule and granuloma annulare
Authors: de Oliveira Thessaly Puel , Leal Luiza Mousquer , Molozzi Bruna , Fortes Lima Jéssica Lajús , Pereira Amanda Amaro , Amorim Gustavo Moreira
Published: April 2022

We report the case of a 51-year-old female who presented with firm, painful papules and nodules for 9 months, in the extensor proximal metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints in both hands. She did not have a previous diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. She also denied arthralgia or arthritis. The patient had livedo reticularis and a history compatible with Raynaud’s phenomenon was reported. The histopathological exam showed well- developed confluent palisaded granulomas with homogenous eosinophilic necrobiosis, with signs of initial transepidermal elimination and no mucin. Thus, we are faced withthe challenging differential diagnosis of rheumatoid nodule preceding rheumatoid arthritis versus perforating juxta-articular granuloma annulare (pseudorheumatoid nodule).
Climate change information needs of agro-pastoralists in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: GO Aminu , MN Ibe , JU Chikaire , JO Ajaero
Published: April 2022

All categories of farmers need information to be productive. Such information is on climatic change. This research work seeks to examine climatic change information needs of agro-pastoralists in Southeast, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to ascertain agro- pastoralists ’awareness of climatic change, identity sources of information on climate change, examine areas climatic change information is needed, and to describe agro-pastoralists responses to climatic change information received. Questionnaire was used to elicit information from 120 agro pastoralists purposively selected from their various camps in 3 Southeast States of Nigeria (Imo, Abia and Enugu). Data collected were analyzed descriptively using percentages and presented in frequency tables. Results showed that all the agro pastoralists were aware of climate change as seen in their response such as occurrence of heavy, but erratic rainfall(95.5%), drought occurrence(81.68%), high temperature(64.2%), flooding(87.5%), water shortage(84.2%), crop failures(100%) among others. Sources of information on climatic change were personal experiences, (80%), fellow farmers(75.3%), Miyetti Allah(100%), Hausa radio program(100%) and many more. They need information on livestock diseases, pasture availability, safe places to go, livestock prices, passable/impassable roads, when to sell their animals. To cope, they sell their animals (90.8%), dig water holes/wells, take animals for vaccination, receive training on animal vaccination, buy veterinary drugs and many more.
Laparoscopic sentinel node mapping complicating endometrial cancer. Report of three cases and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Sofoudis Chrisostomos , Konstantinos Syrios , Miltiadis Oikonomidis , Panagiotis Betas , Konstantinos Zioris
Published: April 2022

Endometrial cancer represents the second most frequent malignant entity among gynecologic malignancies. Many predisposition factors reflect and affect the chronical outcome of the lesion. Age of the patient, obesity, postmenopausal vaginal bleeding among with endometrial hyperplasia, histologic type, grading, staging, vascular or lymph node penetration consist factors with direct depiction concerning the therapeutic mapping. Sentinel node consists the first regional lymph node infiltration, indicating local or external spread of the lesion. In order to explore and investigate potential infiltration or metastatic capability of the lesion, sentinel mode infiltration represents optimal solution. According to current bibliography, sentinel node infiltration depicts increased sensitivity and specificity concerning surgical or conservative therapeutic management. Aim of our study represents assiduous decoding of sentinel node infiltration and potential metastatic pathways, with ultimate scope the increased optimal survival and quality of life of the patient.
Implementation of Mentoring Programs in Order to Building Islamic Character: Case Study of Sriwijaya University Students
Authors: Samudera Arung , Uyun Muhammad
Published: April 2022

The phenomenon of a decline in moral quality in the younger generation is an issue that often arises in the last few decades, including students. So, we need a solution that is able to answer the challenges of these troubling problems. One solution that can be offered is to hold a mentoring program for them.This study aims to identify the impact of the mentoring program in the process of forming Islamic character in Sriwijaya University students. The subjects used in this study were muslim students of who were active in the mentoring program with an age range of 18-23 years. This study uses a descriptive approach with data collection methods, interviews, observations, and discussions. This study shows that students experience changes in behavior and the formation of Islamic character. For students who are diligent in participating in mentoring programs on regularly. The islamic characters that are formed are the characters of iman, taqwa, respect and courtesy, caring, patience, humility (tawadhu), trust and also honesty.
Quality of Work-Life and Work-Life Balance as Predictors of Employee Job Satisfaction
Authors: Ogunola Abiodun Adekunle
Published: April 2022

Finding the right balance between one's work and other facets of life is essential for an individual to be in the right state of mind and to be satisfied with one's job that one commits to. Specifically, it aims to determine whether the quality of work-life and work-life balance would predict employees' job satisfaction in the selected banks. A survey research design consisting of 100 workers was selected from branches of selected banks in Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria, wherein they responded to questions relating to the variables of interest in the study. The result of the study revealed that quality of work-life and work-life balance has a significant influence on job satisfaction (β= .648, t= 8.597, p> .05) and work-life balance also has a significant influence on job satisfaction (β= .212, t= 2.849, p> .05). Both work-life and work-life balance qualities were also found to jointly influence the job satisfaction of these bank employees. It was recommended that organizations take straightforward steps to improve the working conditions in which people work and the organizations' physical and psychological working environment that will improve the level of job satisfaction that their employees experience.
The Influence of Social Relationships, Self-Esteem, and Empathy on Schadenfreude
Authors: Akbar Muhamad Khalid
Published: April 2022

This study aims to examine the variables of social relationship, self-esteem, and empathy towards schadenfreude in Pagutan Villagers, Mataram, Indonesia. The researcher hypothesizes that there is a significant influence on the variables of social relations, self-esteem, and empathy towards schadenfreude in Pagutan Villagers. The population in this study is people who live in Pagutan Village and are aged between 22-55 years. The respondents in this study found 500 people. This sample was taken using a non-probability sampling technique, namely purporsive sampling. The researcher used the schadenfreude scale, the social relationship scale, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and the interpersonal reactivity index. Test the validity of the measuring instrument using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) technique. Data analysis used multiple regression technique. The results of data analysis show that communication, selfesteem fantasy, and empathetic attention have a significant effect on schadenfreude. Meanwhile, social contact, perspective taking and its effect are not significant on schadenfreude. The results of the study also obtained an R-square result of .330 or 33%. That is, the proportion of variance from Schadenfreude explained by all independent variables is 33%, while the remaining 67% is influenced by other variables outside this study. The researcher hopes that the results of this study will be reviewed and developed again in further research by adding other variables.
Examining the relationship between religious perception and psychological well-being levels of university football players
Authors: Akgül Mehmet H. , Karafil Ahmet Y.
Published: April 2022

Background and Study Aim. The relationship between sport and religion is one of the most important research topics of  sport psychology recently. In the relevant literature, this relationship mostly focused on sports and Christianity. The present study examines the psychological well-being levels of athletes of the Islamic religion. This study aims to examine the relationship between the religious perception of university football players and their psychological well-being levels.

Material and Methods. For this purpose, 288 university students attending different universities in Turkey, completed the Religious Orientation Scale and Psychological Well-Being Scale. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between variables. Path analysis was applied to test the hypotheses developed in the study. The hypotheses created were tested by the path analysis method using Amos software. Moderator regression analysis was performed. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 23 program (SPSS Inc. Chicago. II. USA). P-value was set at p<0.05.

 

Results. According to the findings obtained from the study data, positive and significant relationships were determined between the religious perceptions of the university football players and their psychological well-being (p<0,01).

Conclusions. In conclusion, it was concluded that the religious perception of the university football players was a significant predictor of their psychological well-being (p<0.01). It can be stated that in Turkish-Islamic culture, similar results to the relationship between Sports and Christianity have been achieved. Since religion is a universal phenomenon, it can be stated that the institution of religion has a special meaning for football players.
The development of female students’ flexibility engaged in choreography
Authors: Limanskaya Olga , Kriventsova Irina , Altukhov Vadym , Yermakova Tatiana , Jagiello Wladyslaw , Iermakov Sergii , Vypasniak Igor , Lisovskyi Bogdan
Published: April 2022

Background and Study Aim. Choreographic exercises for the development of flexibility are a complex component of training students of the department of folk dance in the specialty "Choreography". Among such exercises are exercises of ballet gymnastics, which take into account the specifics of mobility of the joints. The aim of the study was to identify the level of general and special mobility (“en dehors”) in students who are engaged in choreography.
Material and Methods. The study involved students (n = 20) of 1 year of study in the specialty "Choreography" (Faculty of Arts, Department of Folk Dance, H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Ukraine). The duration of the study is 6 months: from January 2020 to June 2020. The curriculum provides the study of the discipline "Gymnastics in Choreography" (1st year of study, summer semester), a total of 3 credits (including 36 classroom hours). During distance learning (from 13.03.2020 to 31.05.20) students performed a set of exercises independently. Also through video conferences Zoom with a teacher - once a week, lasting 40 minutes.
Results. It was found that students of the department of folk and stage choreography mostly have higher scores. This is due to the presence and complexity of acrobatic elements that are present in folk dances. During the study, there were more significant differences between the indicators in the groups. There was a noticeable development of active flexibility in the girls of the department of folk and stage choreography.
Conclusions. The used test indicators are recommended to be used in classes as control standards. The use of the author's program will ensure the development and maintenance in the proper state of the achieved level of flexibility (“en dehors”). To do this, it is necessary to adhere to the regular use of exercises, taking into account the individual capabilities and abilities of students.
Physical education students outdoor and indoor sports preferences in relation to their pro-environmental behaviour
Authors: Pasek Marcin , Mytskan Tetiana
Published: April 2022

Background and Study Aim. There is strong evidence linking outdoor physical activity with health benefits, but little is known about its impact on pro-environmental behaviour. Therefore, this study seeks to clarify this research problem.
Material and Methods. We assessed pro-environmental behaviour in a group of 170 students (aged 21.79 ± 1.23) of the Academy of Physical Education and Sport who declared stronger attachment to one of the two forms of physical activity: outdoor or indoor. The analysis of the strength of pro-environmental attitudes was conducted using the Environmental Health Literacy (EHL) Scale.
Results. Despite the lack of spectacular differences between the attitudes of students from the outdoor and indoor physical activity groups, a few dissimilarities related to air quality were noticed. Each of them indicated stronger pro-environmental behaviour of representatives of the outdoor physical activity group. They concerned the following issues: I avoid exercising because of pollution (p <0.05), I avoid opening my window due to poor outdoor air quality (p <0.05), I avoid inhaling car exhaust (p <0.05), I avoid exposing myself and family members to harmful chemicals (p <0.001). Similar results were obtained by dividing into male outdoor / indoor physical activity and female outdoor / indoor physical activity. Gender turned out to be a factor that differentiates pro-environmental behaviour to a much smaller extent. Opinions regarding only one statement indicated in favor of female subjects.
Conclusions. Outdoor physical activity seems to be the reason for deeper pro-environmental reflection with respect to aerosanitary conditions, probably due to the awareness of health stress caused by exercising in polluted air.
Criticisms and perspectives of heuristic learning in physical education
Authors: D'Isanto Tiziana , Di Domenico Felice , Aliberti Sara , D'Elia Francesca , Raiola Gaetano
Published: April 2022

Background and study aim. The ecological-dynamic approach promotes motor learning through task variability, modification of environmental constraints and appropriate use of feedback, original and creative motor solutions. This study wants to open a critical perspective on the didactics of physical activity selecting a methodological perspective adherent to ecological-dynamic approach. The aim is to highlight the significant aspects and the uniqueness and unrepeatability of heuristic learning, starting from theoretical lines.

Material and Methods. For this purpose, an accurate survey of the scientific literature has been analyzed, highlighting the points of contact and contrast of cognitive and ecological-dynamic approach.

Results. In the context of physical education, the most used pedagogical approach is the linear one. Teaching is influenced by spatial and temporal constraints, spaces and equipment, with reproduction styles and with predefined tasks and motor responses. This modality promotes awareness of motor skills and not transferability to other subject areas, as indicated by ministerial documents. Non-linear pedagogy, while promoting motor learning as a consequence of the interaction between the subject and the context, shows some limits. The first concerns the learning of transversal skills and, the second concerns the use of prescriptive teaching, absent in the ecological-dynamic approach, through heuristic learning. It is necessary to overcome the areas of prescriptiveness that still resist in the paradigm most recognized by the scientific community, the Constraints Led Approach, closely related to nonlinear pedagogy. They do not favor completely a heuristic learning as the anthropometric constraints suffer from the limitation of biomechanics. Also, goal constraints are prescriptively determined by the physical education teacher, which is not compatible with heuristic learning.

Conclusions. This analysis highlights the need, usefulness and usability of heuristic learning in different professional fields. The study aims to offer a new perspective on physical education objectives in the National Indications, projecting them towards a social and transversal purpose.
Comparison between determination of second anaerobic threshold by respiratory compensating point and X-method in rowers
Authors: Stefanov Lachezar G.
Published: April 2022

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this study is to verify the X-method for determining the second anaerobic threshold in rowers.Material and Methods. Twelve male athletes from the national rowing team of Bulgaria were tested. Participants performed a one-time graded incremental exercise test to exhaustion on a rowing ergometer. The workload were conducted on rowing ergometer system Concept 2, and spirometry system Clark C5. We obtained ventilatory indices, intensity and heart rate bred-by-bred for each participant, for each test stage. The anaerobic threshold was determined by two methods: 1) by the localization of the respiratory compensation point visually, after polynomial regression analysis of the trends for the dynamics of the ventilatory variables related to time and 2) by the X-method using the change in the ratio between heart rate and pulmonary ventilation. We compared the heart rate corresponding to the anaerobic threshold determined by both methods.Results. We found similar values for heart rate at the respiratory compensation point and the anaerobic threshold determined by the X-method for each of the investigated. The Shapiro-Wilk test showed a normal distribution of the two samples with a significance level of α = 0.05. Thus, the t-test for two paired samples showed a p-value of 0.202 at α = 0.05. We found a correlation coefficient r = 0.973 between the heart rate at the anaerobic threshold (determined by X-method) and the heart rate at the anaerobic threshold (detected at the respiratory compensation point). The Blant-Altman analysis showed that 95% of the points in the scatter plot lie within the confidence interval.Conclusions. The two methods give similar results and can be applied alternatively in the investigation of rowers in the age group 18.3 ± 1.07 years. The X-method always gives a reliable intersection point, which in our studies is close to the second anaerobic threshold. Comparative studies are also needed in other contingents for the wider use of the X-method.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of injury prevention towards lateral ankle sprain among amateur football players in Brunei
Authors: Haji Md Som Mohammad Aiman Hakeem , Krishnan Vasanthi Rajkumar , Subramaniam Ambusam , Nadzalan Ali Md.
Published: April 2022

Background and Study Aim. Football is a globally recognized sport and played both professionally and recreationally. As it is a physically challenging sport, it must inform players on preventing injuries from occurring or reoccurring. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices on injury prevention towards lateral ankle sprain (LAS) among amateur football players in Brunei.

Material and Methods. A total of 140 respondents participated in the cross-sectional study who fit into the inclusion criteria. An online questionnaire was adapted and shared with amateur football players in Brunei from September 2021 to October 2021. Questions were related to (1) demographic data; (2) injury history; (3) knowledge; (4) attitudes; and (5) practices to prevent a lateral ankle sprain.  

Results. Tendon/ligament injury was the highest amount of frequency at n= 97 (69.3%), in which the participants have sustained it throughout their playing years. More people perceive that the cause of injury was mainly due to lack of physical fitness 84.2%, fatigue/exhaustion 55%, uncured injuries 49.3% and contact with other players 75.7%. 84.3% agreed that the importance of injury prevention is crucial. Participants reported that the injury prevention methods are mainly used to prevent lateral ankle sprain were stretching 81.4%, specific warm-up training 79.3% and taping 67.9%.

Conclusions. Our results show that players think that injury prevention is critical, yet most of them are still under-informed about avoiding injuries properly. Despite evidence that stretching is ineffective in preventing injuries, many athletes stretch to prevent damage. Warm-up training and taping are two other standard injury prevention techniques these amateur football players use. Future research should raise exercise knowledge among Brunei’s amateur football players to prevent injuries.
The compatibility of running-based anaerobic sprint test and Wingate anaerobic test: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nara Kuldeep , Kumar Parveen , Rathee Rohit , Kumar Jitender
Published: April 2022

Background and Study Aim. The objective of the study was to perform a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to determine the validity of running-based sprint test in relation to 30 second Wingate anaerobic test.
Material and Methods. A search of the relevant literature was done using the key words, ‘running-based anaerobic sprint test’, ‘RAST’, ‘Validity’ ‘repeated sprint’ and ‘Wingate’. Twelve studies including 368 participants were finalized to systematic review and meta-analysis. The mean ± standard deviation of the number of participants was 30.66 ± 16.17 years.
Results. The summary of effects size were calculated to established the validity of running based sprint test (RAST) with 30 seconds Wingate test as a criterion measure. All studies indicate that effect size of Peak Power (PP) shows higher summary effects 0.58 (95%CI – 0.37, 0.79), similar outputs were observed for Mean Power (MP) 0.67 (95%CI – 0.45, 0.90). Therefore, the average outcomes were significantly different from zero.
Conclusions. Running-based anaerobic sprint test is a valid alternative method of 30 seconds Wingate test to measure anaerobic power outputs of healthy individual belongs to various sports disciplines. Although, anaerobic capacity or power output is a determinant factor in power dominating sports. Therefore, RAST is compatible to laboratory-based Wingate 30 second anaerobic test (WAnT) in field-based settings.
Site Calibration of a Temperature-based Model for Estimating the Global Solar Radiation
Authors: AKSOY TIRMIKÇI Ceyda
Published: April 2022

In this paper, a commonly used global solar radiation (GSR) model is locally calibrated and tested for Kartepe, Kocaeli station. The coefficients of the model are calibrated for monthly and yearly by performing a regression analysis using the measured temperatures. Regression analysis results for both models provide that correlating the clearness index with the second degree of maximum temperature divided by minimum temperature gives the best accuracy for the selected location. Besides, the estimation results for each month indicate that the monthly calibrated coefficients provide very accurate results in terms of statistical errors. Moreover, yearly calibration of the model gives less accurate predictions. The simple and accurate results by monthly calibrated models using this approach can be used in designing and evaluating solar energy applications in the absence of accurate sunshine data.
Multi-Level Group Selection and its Connection to Empathetic, Community-Driven Pedagogy: A Research Study Framework Proposal
Authors:   MIDAS Multiple Intelligence Research, Inc., Kent, OH, USA, Fleck Micah J.
Published: April 2022

Background Multi-level group selection theory is a presently rejuvenated framework for explaining the empathic tendencies of group culture and behavior as means of beneficial natural selection utility. Purpose The purpose here is to simply articulate the ways in which the anthropological theory of multi-level group selection overlaps with the latest psychological research on child conceptualization of equity and empathy so that a focused line of thought can be followed in subsequent research on how childhood psychology interacts with classroom environs moving forward. Conclusion The impact these studies stand to have on the broader culture of education would be largely equitable, ensuring that all students from all demographics would be encouraged by like-minded teachers to further propagate their applied learning for mutual advantage and benefit while also exciting each other about what they learn by finding shared relevant experiences and desires to make relevant connections to.
Comparison of Body Composition between Pre-Menarche and Post-Menarche Sabar Girls of Purulia District, West Bengal, India
Authors:   Public Health and Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Anthropology and Tribal Studies, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia, West Bengal 723104, India, Mahata Latu L. , Biswas Sadaruddin ,   Public Health and Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Anthropology and Tribal Studies, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia, West Bengal 723104, India, Bisai Samiran ,   Public Health and Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Anthropology and Tribal Studies, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia, West Bengal 723104, India
Published: April 2022

Background It was known that menarche plays a significant role to change body composition during adolescence. And there is a paucity of information on body composition in relation to pre- and post-menarcheal status on comparative manner among the tribal adolescence girls of West Bengal, India. Objectives To assess the body composition and compare the relative distribution of fat between the pre- and post-menarcheal girls and to explore the impact of body composition on menarcheal status among the Sabar tribal adolescence girls of the Purulia district, West Bengal, India. Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted from three different blocks of Purulia district during June 2019 to December 2019. A total of 65 adolescence girls were randomly selected from the aged between 10 to 18-years. Among them, 34 girls were post-menarche stage and 31 girls were pre-menarche stage. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, triceps and sub-scapular skinfolds) were measured. Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient and Mann-Whitney U-test, Binary logistic regression were performed through SPSS version 25. Results It was depicted that significant differences were found in all anthropometric and body composition characteristics between the pre and post menarche state. The mean values of percent body fat (PBF), fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), fat mass index (FMI) and fat free mass index (FFMI) in pre-menarche girls were 14.61%, 4.45 kg, 24.35 kg, 2.33 kg/m2 and 13.08 kg/m2, respectively. Similarly, the mean values of PBF, FM, FFM, FMI and FFMI in post-menarche girls were 20.37%, 8.07 kg, 31.00 kg, 3.70 kg/m2 and 14.29 kg/m2, respectively. The results of Spearman correlation coefficients (r) showed that the body composition measures were significantly correlated with the anthropometric variables except FFM and FFMI among the post-menarche girls. Menarcheal status of the Sabar tribal adolescent girls of Purulia district was pretentious of PBF and FFM. Conclusion The body composition characteristics were significantly different between pre- and post-menarche-state. So, further study in larger augmentation is required to validate the present findings.
Bioethics Training: Report on the Experience of a Medical Bioethics’ Scholar in a Tertiary Referral Hospital in a Lowand Middle-Income Country
Authors:   Pain and Palliative Medicine and Chair-Hospital Ethics Committee, Aga Khan University, P. O. Box 4614-00200, Nairobi, Kenya, Weru John
Published: April 2022

Skills in biomedical ethics are limited in the African health care systems. This significantly affects the bioethics discourse in the medical practice. The main reason for the paucity in knowledge and skills in bioethics is minimal or no training at all imparted to healthcare professionals. Where there is training, it is not well-structured like other courses in the training institutions. This report summarizes the status of bioethics training and outlines the implementation, processes, outcome and future outlook of a bioethics teaching project for masters in medicine residents (students) in a tertiary referral hospital in Africa. This project was part of postgraduate studies in biomedical ethics by a practicing physician. It entailed teaching bioethics to first year master’s in medicine residents (students). The teachings occurred in the author’s affiliated institution monthly for six-months. The topics covered were: general introduction to bioethics, ethical issues at end-of-life (EoL), informed consent, basics of research ethics, plagiarism and doctor-pharma interaction. These topics were selected due to their relevance to the residents in their practice and because they needed to undertake research studies to graduate from the masters training program. In addition, these basic bioethics training provided the residents with the foundation to develop knowledge geared towards improving skills in analyzing diverse areas in the contemporary bioethics’ environment such as end-of-life care (EoLC), human research ethics, doctor-pharmaceutical relationships while looking at them within the context of political, cultural, socio-economic, and environmental determinants.
Worrisome Features for Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm: Should We be Worried?
Authors:   Digestive and Interventional Endoscopy Unit, ASST GOM Niguarda, Milan, Italy, Dioscoridi Lorenzo
Published: April 2022

Although worrisome features represent an indication to perform endoscopic ultrasound study, recent studies have showed that these conditions are not strictly related to high risk of malignancy. Pancreatic resection for worrisome imaging features often demonstrates pathology consistent with low-grade dysplasia. Worrisome features should be considered as indicators of mostly low-grade dysplasia. High-risk stigmata are more consistent for diagnosis of malignant lesions.
Color change, water sorption and solubility of two types of denture liners incorporated with carbon nanoparticles
Authors: ATAOL Ayşe Seda , ERGUN Gulfem , ALAS Melis , GENC ALTURK Rükan
Published: April 2022

Objective: The aim of this manuscript was to investigate the effect of carbon nanoparticles (CNs) addition into denture liners on the color change and water absorption and solubility. Materials and Method: Test specimens (n=10) of Visco-Gel (Group VG) and Ufi-Gel (Group UG) were created either without (Groups C-as control and W) or with the incorporation of 0.5%, 1% and 10% CNs synthesized from licorice root plant. The size of the CNs were measured with dynamic light scattering. The color of each specimen was measured with a spectrophotometer. Water sorption and solubility were determined by weight measurement. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA for sample size estimation and Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests for analyses of main outcomes with significance at the p<0.05 level. Results: All CNs-added test groups showed statistically higher color change than control groups (p<0.0125). In Group UG, 10% CNs added test groups showed statistically higher water sorption and solubility values than Group C, W and 0.5% CNs added test groups (p<0.001). However, the addition of 0.5% and 1% CNs to Groups VG caused a statistical decrease in water sorption values compared to control groups and Group VG 10% (p<0.001). Conclusion: Color change of CNs added denture liners were not within clinically accepted range of color difference regardless of addition rate. CNs addition in tested denture liners promoted changes in the liners’ sorption/solubility. UG was more prone to increase in both water sorption and solubility than VG.
Fluoride and the internet: an assessment of online information available to the public
Authors: KINAY TARAN Pınar , BAKKAL Meltem , MAMMADLİ Narmin
Published: April 2022

Objective: Obtaining information online in health-related issues is becoming increasingly important among patients and parents. Parents are concerned about their children's fluoride use and tend to search on the internet. In this regard, the aim of this study is to assess the reliability, quality, accessibility, and readability of websites giving information on fluoride treatment.
Materials and Method: Two search terms, “fluoride treatment for kids” and “is fluoride varnish safe?”, were entered into the search engines of both Google and Yahoo, and the first 50 websites were saved. After excluding duplicate sites, promotional product sites, blogs/forums, news and articles, the remaining websites were evaluated. The DISCERN and LIDA tools were used to assess reliability, quality, and usability of websites. The accessibility of websites was assessed with AChecker tool while the readability was assessed with FRES instrument.
Results: Of the 200 websites saved, 94 were suitable for inclusion. The mean total DISCERN score was 53±11.2 of a possible total of 80 (66%). With the LIDA instrument, the average score for reliability was 11.8±3.9 of a possible total of 27 (43%) while the average score for usability was 31.2±7 of a possible total of 54 (58%). The mean total AChecker score was 21.8±37 and the mean FRES score was 57.7± 11.6 (of a possible total of 100) indicating a level of fairly difficult to read.
Conclusion: Information about fluoride on the internet is easily accessible although the reliability and quality were highly variable. The readability of websites should be improved to be more understandable.
Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain levels in multiple sclerosis and non-demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system: clinical and biochemical perspective
Authors: Arslan Burak , Ayhan Arslan Gökçe , Tuncer Aslı , Karabudak Rana , Sepici Dinçel Aylin
Published: April 2022

The neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a promising biomarker in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response evaluation of neurological diseases. The aims of this study were to compare the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NfL levels in multiple sclerosis (MS) and certain non-demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (NDCNS); to determine the relationship between clinical and radiological features and CSF NfL levels in patients with MS; and to compare the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and single molecule array (SIMOA) methods for NfL measurement using paired CSF and serum samples. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and performed NfL measurements in CSF and serum samples of newly diagnosed and treatment-naive patients with CNS diseases evaluated between 1 January 2019 and 1 January 2020. Eligible patients were divided into three groups: MS (n=23), differential diagnosis of MS (n=19), and NDCNS (n=42). First, we compared the CSF NfL levels among the three groups using the previously validated CSF ELISA assay. Next, we evaluated the relationship between CSF NfL levels and the clinical and radiological findings in MS group. Finally, we compared CSF and serum samples from patients of the MS groups (paired serum and CSF samples, n=19) using two different methods (ELISA and SIMOA). The CSF NfL level was the highest in the NDCNS group (1169.64 [535.92-5120.11] pg/mL, p=0.025). There was a strong positive correlation between the number of T2 lesions and CSF NfL level (r=0.786, p<0.001) in the MS group. There was excellent consistency between ELISA and SIMOA for CSF samples, but not for serum samples. Our results indicated that CSF NfL levels may also be used in the management of NDCNS and that SIMOA is the most reliable method for serum NfL determination.
Ultrasound Precautions during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Delores Jones
Published: April 2022

An epidemic that travels throughout the world is called a pandemic [1]. There have been several pandemics that have impacted the world. One example of a pandemic that became global is Spanish influenza. This pandemic was very severe and attacked more than 30% of the world population. Approximately 50 million people died from the first outbreak.
Género y salud mental materna en pandemia: cuando la violencia es del sistema
Authors: Brandão Thais
Published: April 2022

Ciertos hechos históricos niegan derechos adquiridos o intensifican las desigualdades ya denunciadas por grupos subalternos. En tiempos de crisis, un problema de salud puede revelar determinantes sostenidos por los sistemas económicos y culturales vigentes, que inciden en la distribución de beneficios, en el acceso a la salud y en la garantía de los cuidados esenciales. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir y analizar la salud mental materna a través de los procesos que caracterizan el continuo salud-enfermedad-atención a la luz de los referentes teórico-metodológicos de las ciencias sociales, especialmente desde la epistemología feminista. Con un acercamiento etnográfico y método de investigación-acción, analizaremos una encuesta mixta presentada a un grupo de mujeres madres. El instrumento fue aplicado de forma virtual, tras un año de pandemia en Ecuador, tratando de visibilizar la salud mental materna a través de los lentes de las desigualdades de género. Al problematizar la construcción occidental de lo materno, evidenciamos que el género es la principal determinante de la salud mental materna y denunciamos las violencias cotidianas varias que recaen sobre su experiencia de mujeres/madres.
El derecho a la salud de las víctimas de trata con fines de explotación sexual: propuestas para la formación del personal sociosanitario
Authors: Martínez Capilla Selma
Published: April 2022

Desde el trabajo de intervención social con mujeres posibles víctimas de trata se ha observado que a la hora de intentar acceder a los recursos sociosanitarios de nuestro país se topan con una barrera de burocracia y estigmas que dificultan el disfrute de sus derechos humanos y de salud. Por esto, el objetivo principal es poner de relieve esta situación de violencia institucional y evaluar el papel de la formación continua del personal sociosanitario en la efectividad de estas atenciones. Utilizando una metodología principalmente etnográfica, se introducen los perfiles de vulnerabilidad y violencia que cruzan las vidas de estas mujeres, junto con el efecto que tienen en su acceso a la salud. Para ello, se utiliza un enfoque de género y de defensa de los Derechos Humanos, que nos permite conceptualizar desde las violencias machistas, la desigualdad estructural entre los géneros y las secuelas que dejan los contextos prostitucionales en las mujeres que queremos atender. La formación continua y el papel de la mediación serán importantes de cara a atender a estas mujeres, por lo que cerramos con unas recomendaciones para la formación del personal sociosanitario que recoja estas realidades y facilite las buenas prácticas.