bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Body Composition, Load-Velocity Profiles, and Sex-Related Differences on Army Combat Fitness Test Performance
Authors: Boffey David , DiPrima Joseph A. , Kendall Kristina L. , Hill Ethan C. , Stout Jeffrey R. , Fukuda David H.
Published: November 2023

Boffey, D, DiPrima, JA, Kendall, KL, Hill, EC, Stout, JR, and Fukuda, DH. Influence of body composition, load-velocity profiles, and sex-related differences on army combat fitness test performance. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2467–2476, 2023—The Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) became the U.S. Army's mandatory physical fitness test in April of 2022. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between ACFT performance and both body composition and velocity profiles and to determine sex differences for these variables. Data were collected at 2 timepoints 4 months apart, from male (n = 55) and female (n = 17) Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) cadets. Body composition was assessed with a bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy device, and cadets completed a hex bar deadlift load-velocity profile (LVP) and ACFT on separate days. Stepwise multiple regressions were used to explain the amount of variance in ACFT total score and individual event performance. Significance for statistical tests was defined as an alpha level of p ≤ 0.05. Muscle mass and body fat percentage accounted for 49% of shared variance of total ACFT score, and deadlift maximal power and maximal velocity accounted for 67% of shared variance of total ACFT score. The 3 repetition maximum deadlift, standing power throw, hand-release push-up, and sprint-drag-carry events favored cadets with more muscle mass, whereas the leg tuck was influenced by the body fat percentage and the 2-mile run was affected by fat mass. Sex had greater predictive capability for the 2-mile run than body composition. Men outperformed women on all individual events, with the greatest differences on standing power throw and sprint-drag-carry. It is recommended that Army ROTC cadets taking the ACFT maximize lower-body power production and increase muscle mass.
Validity of a Smartphone App Using Artificial Intelligence for the Real-Time Measurement of Barbell Velocity in the Bench Press Exercise
Authors: Balsalobre-Fernández Carlos , Xu Jiaqing , Jarvis Paul , Thompson Steve , Tannion Kyran , Bishop Chris
Published: November 2023

Balsalobre-Fernández, C, Xu, J, Jarvis, P, Thompson, S, Tannion, K, and Bishop, C. Validity of a smartphone app using artificial intelligence for the real-time measurement of barbell velocity in the bench press exercise. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): e640–e645, 2023—The purpose of this study was to explore the validity and within-session reliability of the newly developed My Jump Lab application (app), which uses artificial intelligence techniques to monitor barbell velocity in real time. Twenty-seven sport science students performed 5 repetitions at 50 and 75% of their self-reported bench press 1 repetition maximum (1RM) during a single testing session, whereas barbell velocity was concurrently measured using the app (installed on an iPhone 12 Pro) and the GymAware linear position transducer (LPT). A very high correlation was observed between devices at each loading condition (50% 1RM: r = 0.90 [0.82–0.97]; 75% 1RM: r = 0.92 [0.86–0.98]). Results showed trivial differences between the app and LPT at both 50% 1RM (g = −0.06) and 75% 1RM (g = −0.12). Bland-Altman analysis showed a bias estimate of −0.010 m·s−1 and −0.026 m·s−1 for the 50 and 75% 1RM, respectively. Finally, similar levels of reliability, as revealed by the coefficient of variation, were observed for both devices (50% 1RM: LPT = 6.52%, app = 8.17%; 75% 1RM: LPT = 12.10%, app = 13.55%). Collectively, the findings of this study support the use of My Jump Lab for the measurement of real-time barbell velocity in the bench press exercise.
Physiological Mechanisms That Impact Exercise Adaptations for Individuals With Down Syndrome
Authors: Post Emily M. , Kraemer William J.
Published: November 2023

Post, EM, and Kraemer, WJ. Physiological mechanisms that impact exercise adaptations for individuals with Down syndrome. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): e646–e655, 2023—Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder diagnosed in the United States since 2014. There is a wide range of intellectual severities, with the average IQ of individuals with DS at approximately 50 and adults without intellectual delay at approximately 70–130. Individuals with DS vary from mild to severe cognitive impairment, depending on the phenotypic penetration on the 21st chromosome, with the average cognitive capacity equivalent to a cognitive functioning of an 8- to 9-year-old child. To have successful health, all aspects of health must be considered (i.e., overall health, fitness, and social). Both aerobic training and resistance training (RT) are favored for a healthy lifestyle. Resistance training specifically can help improve motor function and overall activities of daily living. Although many motivational and environmental barriers for individuals with DS can make exercising difficult, there are many ways to overcome those barriers (both intrinsically and extrinsically). Individuals with DS should strive for 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise a week or a combination of both. The individual should also strive for 2 or more days a week of strengthening activities, such as RT, involving all muscle groups. These activities will help improve many aspects of life, leading to a better quality of life. Regular group exercise activity can help increase self-confidence and success socially in life. This review will focus on the underlying biological mechanisms related to DS, their influence on exercise, and the roles exercise plays in mediating positive health, physical fitness, and social lifestyle outcomes.
Testing Limb Symmetry and Asymmetry After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: 4 Considerations to Increase Its Utility
Authors: Jordan Matthew J. , Bishop Chris
Published: November 2023

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury occurs frequently in sport and surgical reconstruction is often recommended to restore knee joint stability. To guide rehabilitation and determine return to sport readiness, practitioners have used a long-standing practice of calculating the limb symmetry index (LSI) in various functional, biomechanical, and strength tests to compare the injured limb with the noninjured contralateral limb. However, the evidence in support of the LSI calculation to quantify rehabilitation status and return to sport readiness is mixed. We synthesize scientific literature on the LSI calculation and discuss potential reasons for the mixed evidence and limitations. We present 4 considerations to improve the utility of the LSI calculation including (a): the importance of establishing the right benchmark of recovery such as the preinjury contralateral limb or a sport-specific noninjured control benchmark; (b) strategies to manage the high variation in movement asymmetry calculations and the importance of quantifying the intrasubject variability for the component parts of the LSI; (c) the evidence for assessing the movement strategy alongside performance when using the LSI; and (d) how a sport-specific envelope of function can be used to inform post-ACL injury testing that incorporates the LSI.
A Statistical Study of Arien Sequences for an H.264 Prediction Module Lower Complexity
Authors: Ammous Donia , Kessentini Amina , Kallel Abdelaziz , Kammoun Fahmi , Masmoudi Nouri
Published: November 2023

Advanced video coding, or H.264/AVC has been proved to possess a highly complex encoder with a block motion estimation (ME) scheme, entropy coding and a prediction module. Typical applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) require real-time video compression. As a result, the current study aims to develop an approach to decrease the computing complexity of the prediction module. The software algorithm that was developed helps basic functions to be achieved in the prediction module. In fact, the user can set up, manage, deploy, and monitor the UAVs in real time. Evaluations obtained in this paper have shown that the adopted approach can significantly improve the execution time of coding and, consequently, the network performance. When comparing the original method of the Laboratory of Electronics and Information’s software with the suggested approach, experimental results show that the proposed method had achieved an increase in execution time from 3.544–15.574 %.
Hippocampal Engrams Generate Variable Behavioral Responses and Brain-Wide Network States
Authors: Dorst Kaitlyn E. , Senne Ryan A. , Diep Anh H. , de Boer Antje R. , Suthard Rebecca L. , Leblanc Heloise , Ruesch Evan A. , Pyo Angela Y. , Skelton Sara , Carstensen Lucas C. , Malmberg Samantha , McKissick Olivia P. , Bladon John H. , Ramirez Steve
Published: November 2023

Freezing is a defensive behavior commonly examined during hippocampal-mediated fear engram reactivation. How these cellular populations engage the brain and modulate freezing across varying environmental demands is unclear. To address this, we optogenetically reactivated a fear engram in the dentate gyrus subregion of the hippocampus across three distinct contexts in male mice. We found that there were differential amounts of light-induced freezing depending on the size of the context in which reactivation occurred: mice demonstrated robust light-induced freezing in the most spatially restricted of the three contexts but not in the largest. We then utilized graph theoretical analyses to identify brain-wide alterations in cFos expression during engram reactivation across the smallest and largest contexts. Our manipulations induced positive interregional cFos correlations that were not observed in control conditions. Additionally, regions spanning putative “fear” and “defense” systems were recruited as hub regions in engram reactivation networks. Lastly, we compared the network generated from engram reactivation in the small context with a natural fear memory retrieval network. Here, we found shared characteristics such as modular composition and hub regions. By identifying and manipulating the circuits supporting memory function, as well as their corresponding brain-wide activity patterns, it is thereby possible to resolve systems-level biological mechanisms mediating memory's capacity to modulate behavioral states.
Balancing Civil and Political Rights: Constitutional Court Powers in Indonesia and Austria
Authors: Razak Askari , Muhtar Mohamad Hidayat , Bloks Suzanne Andrea , Saragih Geofani Milthree
Published: November 2023

This study focuses on analyzing the role and challenges faced by the Constitutional Court in upholding political and civil rights in Indonesia and Austria. This research explores various conceptual and comparative aspects of law through normative research methods and delves deeper into how these institutions operate in practice. Analysis shows that the Constitutional Courts in both countries serve as the primary guardians of justice and human rights. However, it must also operate in a complex environment, dealing with social, political, and international challenges. The study found that changes in laws and regulations have significant potential to strengthen the authority and effectiveness of the Constitutional Court. This is reflected in the constitutional evolution in both countries, where legal and regulatory reforms have played an important role in shaping and defining the authority of the Constitutional Court. This study confirms the importance of increasing the capacity and legal knowledge of members of the Constitutional Court, as well as the need for greater understanding and appreciation from the public of this institution's vital role and function. This research contributes to understanding how constitutional institutions can adapt and evolve to meet challenges in enforcing political and civil rights.
Costa Rica y el Acuerdo de Escazú: historia de una persistente ausencia
Authors: Boeglin Nicolás
Published: November 2023

Costa Rica's failure to ratify the Escazú Agreement, adopted in its own territory in 2018, raises several questions. Aside from the harm caused by this absence to Costa Rica's international image as a country committed to human rights and possessing advanced environmental regulations, there are also a series of purported "arguments" presented by the Costa Rican corporate sector. These arguments are wholly contradicted by the economic reality of the 15 states that have already ratified this regional instrument. Furthermore, the Costa Rican Judiciary has engaged in fanciful interpretations, unnecessarily complicating the approval process of the Escazú Agreement, particularly as expressed by a member of the Constitutional Chamber. Strikingly, her arguments align with those of certain Costa Rican business chambers. In light of this non-ratification, Costa Rica's traditional international leadership in environmental matters is seriously compromised. Meanwhile, following Argentina and Mexico in 2021, Chile in 2022, and Belize and Grenada in 2023, Colombia and Brazil are preparing to ratify the Escazú Agreement in the near future.
Analysis of the School Climate Scale in University Environments (ECEAU)
Authors: Zamora-Araya José Andrey , Duarte-Abarca Karolayn , Quesada-Varela Darcy , Prado-Abarca Mónica
Published: November 2023

[Objective] The aim of this paper is to verify the factorial structure of the School Climate Scale in University Environments (ECEAU) through structural equation models (SEM). [Methodology] A non-experimental cross-sectional study was carried out with a random sample of 381 students of the Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica (UNA), to whom the ECEAU was applied. A SEM model was proposed to confirm the factor structure of the scale and an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to provide the basis for an alternative SEM model with a different structure. The reliability of scales was determined using McDonald’s omega, and the goodness of fit indexes used for the SEM models were the RMSEA, the CFI, the TLI and the GFI. The analysis was carried out using R software. [Results] The reliability of the scales in both models was adequate (w >0.70), although the metrics in the proposed model produced better results. The AFE suggested a different structure for the ECEAU, keeping some dimensions of the original structure and modifying and eliminating others. The goodness of fit indexes in both models were almost identical, with RMSEA=0.02, CFI=0.99, TLI=0.99 and GFI=0.98, which provides supporting evidence for the factorial structures proposed. [Conclusions] The original structure of the ECEAU was confirmed, while the differences in the results of the estimation and rotation methods generated another equally valid factorial structure for measuring the school climate construct in this university, and could be applied to other similar contexts.
Discursive practices of deliberative democracy in Ukrainian society
Authors:   H.S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yermolenko Anatoliy , Bauman Yurii ,   H.S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiryukhin Denys ,   H.S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lazorenko Olena ,   H.S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Nadolny Mykola ,   H.S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Nechiporenko Vitaliy ,   H.S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shamrai Viktoriia ,   H.S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shcherbak Svitlana ,   H.S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: November 2023

The author’s group aimed to carry out a socio-philosophical analysis of the processes of the formation of institutions of deliberative democracy in Ukraine, in particular, to reveal the complex and contradictory nature of the processes of distortion of communications in Ukrainian society, which take the form of simulative and imitative practices, when instead of argumentative discourses, quasi-communications aimed at to achieve not the argumentative consensus of citizens, but the goals and ensuring the interests of individual social groups. The research will show paradigmatic changes in modern social philosophy, accordingly, the concepts of deliberative democracy, communicative philosophy, and discursive ethics will be used, taking into account their methodological limits. The authors of the monograph sought to find out, first of all, the following questions: what are the peculiarities of the deliberative democracy of Ukrainian society from the perspective of European integration? What is the ratio of deliberative and representative types of democracy given the development of existing institutions of civil society in Ukraine; what is the identification of the contradictory character and intellectual potential of discursive practices in the process of formation of institutions of deliberative democracy in Ukrainian society and what contradictions await Ukrainian society on this path. In the search for answers to these questions and as a result of the research, the concept of the institutional formation of deliberative democracy in Ukrainian society was substantiated in the light of discussions about the current state of democracy in the world. The recommendations were formulated for the future development of discursive practices through the creation of institutions of deliberative democracy. The scientific novelty of the study is that it analyzes for the first time the intellectual and critical potential of discourse as a factor in the formation of deliberative democracy in Ukraine. The methodological basis of the research is transcendental-pragmatic, comparatives, phenomenological, system-functional, and analytical methods.
Some wood-inhabiting Basidiomycota from the primeval forests with Pinus cembra in Ukraine
Authors:   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bohoslavets O.M. , Prydiuk M.P. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: November 2023

The Pinus cembra communities belong to the rarest and least studied woody habitats in Europe. This article reports 30 species of lignicolous Basidiomycota revealed in primeval spruce stands with the admixture of arolla pine in Gorgany Nature Reserve (the Ukrainian Carpathians). Five species, namely Aphanobasidium subnitens, Ceraceomyces eludens, Hyphoderma occidentale, Hypochnicium albostramineum and H. cremicolor, are firstly reported in Ukraine. The records of Cystostereum murrayi, Phellinus viticola and Pycnoporellus fulgens deserve particular attention due to their value as bioindicators of natural forest ecosystems. The species composition of Basidiomycota per individual fallen log turned out to be rather poor. The fungi forming thin resupinate corticioid basidiocarps on the substrate underside prevail among the finds, indicating a lack of moisture in the surveyed treeline stands. Detailed descriptions of the substrate and collection site are given for each find. An overview of previous research on the diversity of lignicolous Basidiomycota in arolla pine forests is provided.
Telomere and Telomerase Biology in Cardiovascular Disease: A State-of-the-art Review and Outlook
Authors: Tan Xian Wen , Fong Alan Yean Yip
Published: November 2023

Telomeres are short repetitive hexanucleotides located at the ends of eukaryotic DNA sequences. They progressively shorten with each mitotic cycle, and telomerase counteracts the process by regulating and extending the telomeres. Ageing, oxidative stress and inflammation are predisposing factors that accelerate telomere shortening, and eventually drive cells to senescence. Recent findings have observed the associations of short telomere length with traditional cardiovascular risk factors leading to cardiovascular phenotype. However, such association remains hypothesised as a reserved causation, mainly confounded by unfathomable covariates and mixed research findings. Based on the recent literature, the present review aimed to provide a concise update and diverging view on telomere−telomerase biology in cardiovascular disease.
ROMIAE (Rule-Out Acute Myocardial Infarction Using Artificial Intelligence Electrocardiogram Analysis) trial study protocol: a prospective multicenter observational study for validation of a deep learning–based 12-lead electrocardiogram analysis model for detecting acute myocardial infarction in patients visiting the emergency department
Authors: Shin Tae Gun , Lee Youngjoo , Kim Kyuseok , Lee Min Sung , Kwon Joon-myoung ,   on behalf of the ROMIAE study group
Published: November 2023

Objective Based on the development of artificial intelligence (AI), an emerging number of methods have achieved outstanding performances in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using an electrocardiogram (ECG). However, AI-ECG analysis using a multicenter prospective design for detecting AMI has yet to be conducted. This prospective multicenter observational study aims to validate an AI-ECG model for detecting AMI in patients visiting the emergency department.Methods Approximately 9,000 adult patients with chest pain and/or equivalent symptoms of AMI will be enrolled in 18 emergency medical centers in Korea. The AI-ECG analysis algorithm we developed and validated will be used in this study. The primary endpoint is the diagnosis of AMI on the day of visiting the emergency center, and the secondary endpoint is a 30-day major adverse cardiac event. From March 2022, patient registration has begun at centers approved by the institutional review board.Discussion This is the first prospective study designed to identify the efficacy of an AI-based 12-lead ECG analysis algorithm for diagnosing AMI in emergency departments across multiple centers. This study may provide insights into the utility of deep learning in detecting AMI on electrocardiograms in emergency departments.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05435391. Registered on June 28, 2022.
How to be good enough GP/FPs for LGBT individuals?
Authors: Gökdemir Özden , Bjørkman Mari
Published: November 2023

Although most health issues affecting populations generally, individuals who define themselves as lesbi- an, gay, bisexual or gender incongruent (earlier named transsexual) (LGBT) reported that there are still dis- parities in healthcare.(1) In a primary care setting not only for management of chronic conditions but also to screen for the preventable diseases, Family Physi- cians (FPs) should not ignore to understand the patients’ sexual orientation and gender identity.
A child patient, prediagnosible of acute abdomen and diagnosed with MIS-C: A Case report
Authors: Gönültaş Sümeyye , Korkut Kurtoğlu Yasemin
Published: November 2023

We are still battling a pandemic caused by Coronavirus 2. During the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, reports of a new multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children have been increasing in the World. Early in the pandemic, children were less affected. It was known that this disease progressed with a mild clinical course compared to adults. It was observed that over time, it appeared with more severe clinical pictures. In some children, especially in European countries, resistant fever, abdominal pain, skin rashes, myocardial involvement, pericardial effusion, heart failure and even shock have been reported. This newly identified disease was named Multiple Systemic Inflammatory Syndrome. In the case, the patient was examined in the outpatient clinic many times with complaints of abdominal pain, diarrhea and dizziness. The patient did not benefit from the treatments given. Finally, a case diagnosed with Multiple Systemic Inflammatory Syndrome in our hospital was examined. In this case report, it is aimed to increase the awareness of physicians against these newly defined serious diseases.
Epilepsy and Family Medicine
Authors: Çelik Özla , Apaydın Kaya Çiğdem
Published: November 2023

Family physicians are specialist physicians trained in line with the principles of the discipline. Essentially, they are personal physicians responsible for providing comprehensive and ongoing service to every individual seeking medical care, regardless of age, gender, or condition. Being able to manage the first contact with patients by dealing with unselected problems, deal with all health conditions, provide coordinated service with other staff and other specialists in primary care, provide effective and appropriate healthcare delivery and use of healthcare services, make appropriate services within the healthcare system accessible to the patient, advocate for the patient includes the ability to be Family physicians are also the first point of contact for patients with epilepsy. In addition, being in contact with the people registered to them when they are healthy or their illness is stable, being easily accessible, having the chance to see the patients in their own environment/home are advantages that family physicians can use in the care of patients with epilepsy. Therefore, family physicians should be able to recognize and manage a patient with epilepsy and deal with all health problems.
Recurrent bloody diarrhea in an adult male COVID-19 patient – A Case report
Authors: Tural Egemen , Gönenç Işık
Published: November 2023

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease presenting with symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea and weight loss. Following courses like COVID-19 infection, respiratory diseases, surgical operations, etc., the duration and severity of symptoms may increase. Although the exact relationship between exacerbation of ulcerative colitis and COVID-19 is not fully understood, and there is scarce literature demonstrating that factors such as local immune deregulation, psychological stress, and the initiation of autoimmunity may play a role. In this case report, we aimed to present a patient with ulcerative colitis complaining of recurrent bloody diarrhea, tenesmus, and abdominal pain after COVID-19 infection.
Evaluation of covid-19 disease perception and attitudes towards vaccine of individuals who have had covid-19 vaccination in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Karatürk Murat , Akbaş Güneş Nurcan
Published: November 2023

Objective: It was aimed to evaluate COVID-19 disease perceptions, reasons for getting vaccinated, and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine of individuals who have been vaccinated against COVID-19. Methods: In our cross-sectional, descriptive study, people who came to Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Training and Research Hospital Vaccine Polyclinic between 01.02.2022 and 31.03.2022 and had COVID-19 vaccine were included in our study. Individuals under the age of 18, healthcare workers, people with active mental illness and those who could not communicate verbally were excluded from the study. Results: Of the personnel participating in our study, 282 (47.9%) were male and 307 (52.1%) were female.The results of the Scale of Attitudes Towards COVID-19 Vaccination, age, gender, education status, reasons for vaccination, next COVID-19 vaccination a statistically significant relationship was found between the variables of thinking about getting the vaccine and thinking that they have enough information about the COVID-19 vaccine (p=0.044, p=0.001, p=0.021, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001). With the COVID-19 disease perception scale, education status, getting influenza vaccination, thinking about getting the next COVID-19 vaccine, thinking that they have enough information about the COVID-19 vaccine, There was a significant difference in the reasons for being vaccinated (p=0.021, p=0,031, p=0.015, p=0.017, p<0.001). A statistically significant relationship was found between the Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Vaccine Scale and the COVID-19 disease perception scale (p<0.001). Conclusion: As a result of our study, we found that individuals who vaccinated on a voluntary basis had positive COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and higher perceptions of COVID-19 contagion. In addition, we have shown that the attitude towards the vaccine and the perception of the disease affect the desire to have the next dose of vaccination. We think that the reasons for the negative attitude towards the vaccine and the inadequacy in the perception of the disease in the society should be determined and the necessary training should be given.
Utilization of Telemedicine in neurological disorders in primary care
Authors: Görgü Genco , Durmaz Bilal
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated changes in healthcare delivery, notably the adoption of telemedicine and digital health solutions. Telemedicine, specifically teleneurology, has emerged as a solution to improve access to neurological care. This review discusses the principles of conducting neurological assessments remotely in a primary care context. It also addresses challenges such as patient acceptance, technology infrastructure, reimbursement policies, and provider training. Additionally, it explores the role of wearable devices in gathering patient data and emphasizes the importance of standardized legislation and interoperability among telehealth platforms. The integration of telemedicine and digital health solutions in primary care can enhance the management of neurological disorders, particularly in underserved areas. By embracing these innovations and adopting a collaborative approach, primary care providers can contribute to improving patient outcomes and the overall quality of neurological healthcare.
A quantitative functional central limit theorem for shallow neural networks
Authors: Cammarota Valentina , Marinucci Domenico , Salvi Michele , Vigogna Stefano
Published: November 2023

We prove a quantitative functional central limit theorem for one-hidden-layer neural networks with generic activation function. Our rates of convergence depend heavily on the smoothness of the activation function, and they range from logarithmic for nondifferentiable nonlinearities such as the ReLu to $\sqrt{n}$ for highly regular activations. Our main tools are based on functional versions of the Stein–Malliavin method; in particular, we rely on a quantitative functional central limit theorem which has been recently established by Bourguin and Campese [Electron. J. Probab. 25 (2020), 150].
Győr-Kálvária összevont lelőhely késő vaskori embertani leleteinek biológiai antropológiai vizsgálata
Authors: Gyenesei Katalin , Kiss Krisztián , Szeniczey Tamás , Ujvári Ferenc , Pesti Krisztina , Hajdu Tamás
Published: November 2023

Absztrakt

A tanulmány a Győr-Kálvária összevont lelőhelyen feltárt húsz csontvázas és két hamvasztásos késő vaskori kelta temetkezésből előkerült emberi maradványok klasszikus embertani és makroszkópos paleopatológiai eredményeit mutatja be.
Concurrent validity of clinical balance tests for older adults with cognitive impairment
Authors: Mesbah Normala , Perry Meredith , Hill Keith D. , Manlapaz Donald , Hale Leigh
Published: November 2023

Older adults with cognitive impairment frequently have reduced balance and are at high risk for falling.  We investigated the concurrent validity of the Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test with computerised posturography in 13 older adults (mean (SD) age 80 (8) years) with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment (mean (SD) Mini-Mental State Examination score, 19 (9)). Spearman’s rho demonstrated: moderately good positive correlation between  PPA (muscle strength) and posturography rising index (rs = 0.699, p = 0.01) and posturography mediolateral sway during eyes open standing on a foam surface (rs = 0.604, p = 0.04); good negative correlations between PPA anteroposterior sway (eyes closed) and posturography sway velocity (eyes open) standing on foam (rs = –0.745, p = 0.01) and Romberg ratios of PPA and posturography (rs = –0.698, p = 0.02); moderately good positive correlations between TUG and posturography (left step quick turn time; left turn sway; rs = 0.548, p = 0.04; 0.646, p = 0.02) and good-to-excellent negative correlation between TUG and posturography (rising index rs = –0.719, p = 0.01). Both tests appear valid measures of balance in older adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment; however, we suggest both are used.
Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 2002-2022
Authors: Spencer Merianne , Garnett Matthew , Miniño Arialdi
Published: November 2023

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Mortality in the United States, 2022
Authors: Kochanek Kenneth , Murphy Sherry L. , Xu Jiaquan , Arias Elizabeth
Published: November 2023

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
The Relevance of Mosque Financial Inclusion and Economic Sustainability
Authors: Holle Mohammad H , Asiyah Binti Nur , Zumaroh Zumaroh , Koerniawati Dwi , Mohamad Syed Ismail Syed , Pellu Arifin
Published: November 2023

This study aims to answer questions regarding the relevance of mosque financial inclusion and a sustainable economy. This study uses a case study approach and a policy approach with a qualitative paradigm. This study examines the impact of mosque financial inclusion on the economic sustainability of the mosque community using primary data from research objects, namely the Jogokariyan Mosque in Yogyakarta and the Sabilillah Mosque in Malang City. The results of this study indicate that the relevance of mosque financial inclusion to a sustainable economy can be proven in the two mosques that are the object of this research. The Bayt al-Māl, ‘Āmil Zakāh Institution (LAZ), Mosque Cooperatives, and Foundations carry out access indicators without involving the formal financial sector or the government. The inclusion target community can easily access these institutions. It is consumptive-productive based on the signs of use of the Jogokariyan and Sabilillah Malang Mosques. qarḍ ḥasan and grants are the three financial methods for the three mosques. By providing cash lending without interest or collateral, the two mosques have implemented financial inclusion for target communities that do not have bank accounts. It is ideal to be productive and still meet quality metrics for public consumption. Using zakāh, infāq, and ṣadaqah instruments further illustrates the close connection between financial inclusion and a sustainable economy. The community's accessibility to services for basic necessities, education, health, and social mobilization demonstrates its significance.
Strategic Management of Utilisation of Zakāh Funds in Improving Mustaḥiq's Welfare in The Productive Bojonegoro Programme at BAZNAS of Bojonegoro Regency
Authors: Rahayu Fitri Amalia , Rahman Taufiqur , Ariffin Mohd Faizal Noor bin
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine how the strategic management of the utilization of zakāh funds in the Productive Bojonegoro Programme at BAZNAS Bojonegoro Regency is able to improve the welfare of Mustaḥiq. This study uses qualitative research methods with direct observation and uses secondary data of annual financial reports. The results of this study indicate that the strategic management of the utilization of zakāh funds in the Productive Bojonegoro Programme at BAZNAS of Bojonegoro Regency is quite helpful for Mustaḥiq in running a business that is undertaken to increase income. The strategic management of the utilization of zakāh funds in the Productive Bojonegoro Programme has also been able to alleviate the poverty of Mustaḥiq. This research also shows that there is a decrease in the distribution of zakāh funds from year to year based on the poor because of the increase in economic income and the reduction of poverty from the business capital assistance of the Productive Bojonegoro Programme, even allegedly about the existence of Mustaḥiq who are gradually able to become Muzakkī.
Newsworthy Events in the Sports Media: Discursive Practices of Choice (on Sports.Ru)
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Chernook Mariia A.
Published: November 2023

The study was carried out within the framework of mass media discourse analysis. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the headlines of the sports media Sports.ru published in July 21, 2023. The author sets the task to describe the discursive practices of choosing newsworthy events for specialized sports media. The relevance of the work is due to the transformation of sports media in the conditions of changing modern media landscape. As a result of the analysis, following thematic preferences for choosing newsworthy events were discovered: “sport is a result”, “sport is business”, “sport is politics”, “sport is show business”, “sport is the life of a celebrity”, “sport is something rude”. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the leading discursive practices of choosing a newsworthy event for Sports.ru is urgency and relevance of current sports events and opinions, as well as events attract the attention of the audience and stand on the crossroad of sports and business, sports and business.
Opportunities for Involvement in Socio-Cultural Practices Developing an Inclusive Culture
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Bystrova Tatiana Yu.
Published: November 2023

The article presents and analyzes socio-cultural practices that use the mechanisms of involvement and contribute to the development of an inclusive culture of participants. A culturological analysis of the concept of “involvement” was carried out, its value-communicative content was shown, the connection of involvement with the “culture of participation”, which, according to the definition, implies joint voluntary activities of representatives of various age, social or professional groups aimed at socially significant goals. The value-semantic criteria for involvement in inclusive socio-cultural practices are derived and with their help the course and results of the inclusive exhibition “Designing Together” held by the author in 2017, and the project “School of Inclusive Design” (2021) are analyzed.
Family Dynasty in the Musical Culture of Ekaterinburg (to the 300th Anniversary of the City)
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Devyatova Olga L.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of the development of musical amateurism and professionalism in the culture of Yekaterinburg in the 19th and 20th centuries. Using the example of the characteristics of family dynasties (the Kronebergs, the Klers, the Mislavskys, the Solomirskys, the Berenovs, the Pavlinovs, the Postnikovs), various facets of their musical activity in the Ural Society of Natural History Lovers, the Yekaterinburg Music Circle, and in the field of music education in educational institutions of the city are revealed . It is concluded that members of family dynasties made a significant contribution to the field of amateur education, amateur and professional musical, theatrical and concert culture, as well as to music education.
Organization and Self-Organization in Managing Student Science and Scientific Mentoring
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kemmet Elena V.
Published: November 2023

The article examines organization and self organization as two principles of managing student science and scientific mentoring in a university. Student science and scientific mentoring are treated as two interrelated activities involving students and mentor instructors. It is demonstrated that their management relies on both organizational forms and processes of self-organization. The aim of the article is to uncover the significance of organizational and self-organizational principles for university management in student science and scientific mentoring. The tasks involve summarizing university practices of organizing student science and related scientific mentoring practices, as well as characterizing manifestations of self organization in the activities of student researchers and their scientific mentors. The empirical basis of the article comprises the results of a study carried out in 2023 using methods of systematic literature analysis, a nationwide student survey (n = 3032). Based on the results of the systematic review, five organizational forms of student science are identified, each associated with corresponding scientific mentoring practices. The equal importance of organizational and self organizational aspects in the development of student science and scientific mentoring in Russian universities is substantiated. The significance of mentoring programs is emphasized, as they contribute to students’ self­organization and initiative in the realm of scientific endeavors. The practical value of the research lies in advocating the integration of organizational and self organizational approaches in managing student science, which enhances the productivity of both student researchers and their scientific mentors.
How to Ensure the Quality of the University Education in the Era of Change
Authors: Galazhinsky E. V. , Sukhanova E. A.
Published: November 2023

In connection with the new geopolitical and socio-economic situation, the article considers the question of the new design of the national higher education system and quality assurance of the educational outcomes in these circumstances. The article remodels the international experience of the higher education systems’ construction. The key issues in respect of which must be found socio-professional consensus, are substantiated. The article presents the results of the network study dedicated to the quality problems of higher education as well as the experience of the organization of the “University National Initiative of Education Quality” (UNIEQ) as the subject of transformation. The article begins a series of materials (cases) written by the UNIEQ developers on specifi c aspects that may improve the quality of education: tools for increasing demand and manageability of higher education, and achieving “content excellence”. The article is intended for researchers, managers of higher education, and developers of programs for the transformation of education.
Organizational Model of Project-Based Learning in Undergraduate Studies
Authors: Khlebnikov N. A. , Obabkov I. N. , Knyazev S. T. , Sandler D. G. , Shesterov M. A. , Kuklin I. E.
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a case of project-based learning organizational model implementation in the Engineering School of Information Technologies, Telecommunications and Control Systems (IRIT-RTF) of Ural Federal University for undergraduate educational programs. The authors analyze three stages of organizational model transformation: initiating, piloting, and scaling. Within each stage, there are discussed technologies of collecting applications for students’ projects based on a role model of competences; organizational and technical support of students’ project work in accordance with the activity classifi cation of projects; the number of supervisors and their level of training required to accompany the process. The presented case can provide the reader with practical recommendations for implementing project-based learning at any university.
Student Engagement as an Instrument of Assessing the Quality of Education in Russian Universities
Authors: Maloshonok N. G.
Published: November 2023

The article aims at presenting the experience of using the student engagement approach, which was developed on the basis of ideas of A. Astin, R. Pace, G. Kuh, P. Ewell, E. Pascarella, P. Terenzini, to assess the quality of education in Russian universities. This approach was originally implemented in the US higher education system at the end of the XX century. Due to its simplicity and relatively low costs demanded, as well as the possibility to develop effective specific recommendations for improving the educational process, this approach came to be further applied in other countries by single universities and even at national level. However, its applicability in the systems different from the US higher education is still questionable. The article presents the basic assumptions of this approach, the history of its development and spread across the world, and its potential for assessing the quality of higher education. The author pays particular attention to the implementation of the approach in Russian universities and its limitations due to peculiarities of national context. This paper is the first to summarize the results of Russian research on student engagement. It becomes possible to make certain conclusions about the applicability of this approach to the Russian system of higher education. Moreover, the author draws conclusions on the potential to compare student engagement data collected during different time intervals in different institutions and countries. Finally, the article gives practical recommendations on how to use this approach when solving different university problems. The paper is intended for university administrators to develop effective educational policy, for professors to improve teaching practices and student-faculty interaction, for researchers to understand the landscape of studies on student engagement and to distinguish promising directions for future investigations.
A COMBINED ACTIVE (PIEZOS) AND PASSIVE (MICROSTRUCTURING) PARTIAL FLOW-BOILING APPROACH FOR STABLE HIGH HEAT-FLUX COOLING WITH DIELECTRIC FLUIDS
Authors: Narain Amitabh , Pandya D. , Damsteegt J. , Loparo S.
Published: November 2023

Controlled but explosive growth in vaporization rates is made feasible by ultrasonic acoustothermal heating of the microlayers associated with microscale nucleating bubbles within the microstructured boiling surface/region of a millimeter-scale heat exchanger (HX). The HX is 5 cm long and has a 1 cm × 5 mm rectangular cross section that uses saturated partial flow-boiling operations of HFE-7000. Experiments use layers of woven copper mesh to form a microstructured boiling surface/region and its nano/microscale amplitude ultrasonic (~1-6 MHz) and sonic (< 2 kHz, typically) vibrations induced by a pair of very thin ultrasonic piezoelectric-transducers (termed piezos) that are placed and actuated from outside the heat-sink. The ultrasonic frequencies are for substructural microvibrations whereas the lower sonic frequencies are for suitable resonant structural microvibrations that assist in bubble removal and liquid filling processes. The flow and the piezos' actuation control allow an approximately 5-fold increase in heat transfer coefficient value, going from about 9000 W/m2-°C associated with microstructured no-piezos cases to 50,000 W/ m2-°C at a representative heat flux of about 25 W/cm2. The partial boiling approach is enabled by one inlet and two exit ports. Further, significant increases to current critical heat flux values (~70 W/cm2) are possible and are being reported elsewhere. The electrical energy consumed (in W) for generating nano/micrometer amplitude vibrations is a small percentage (currently < 3%, eventually < 1% by design) of the total heat removed (in W), which is a heat removal rate of 125 W for the case reported here.