bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coping Styles, Growth Mindset, Interpersonal Relationships And Suicidal Ideation In Chinese High School Students During COVID-19
Authors: Chen Yao , Zhang Libin , Dang Yujing , Yang Shaoqing , Cui Xinyi , Xu Ping , Bu Wei , Dan Xiaoling , Zhang Hongmei , Nie Chengcong
Published: August 2023

Background
We sought to understand the associations between growth mindset, interpersonal relationships, coping strategies and suicidal ideation in high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method
We surveyed 1564 high school students using the Growth Mindset Scale (GMS), Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI), Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ) and Interpersonal Relationships. We performed statistical analyses using Spearman’s Rank Order correlation, Mediation Analysis with PROCESS, and Structural Equation Modelling with Amos 23.0 on SPSS.
Results
We found that growth mindset, interpersonal relationships, coping strategies were all negatively correlated with suicidal ideation (p < 0.01), and growth mindset was positively correlated with both interpersonal relationships and coping strategies (p < 0.01). Hierarchical regression and mediation analyses showed that both growth mindset (β = -0.35, p < 0.01) and interpersonal relationships (β = -0.25, p < 0.01) had a statistically significant negative effect on suicidal ideation. Growth mindset also had a significant effect on interpersonal relationships (β = 0.27, p < 0.01) and had an indirect effect on suicidal ideation (β = -0.42, p < 0.01; effect size of -0.068 (95% CI [-0.088, -0.049])). Using coping strategies as a moderating variable, we observed significant moderation effect of positive coping strategies on the association between growth mindset and suicidal ideation (c = -0.45, t = -15.12**, 95% CI [-0.50, -0.39]). In contrary, negative coping strategies had a significant moderation effect on the association between growth mindset and suicidal ideation (c = -0.15, t = -4.78**, 95% CI [-0.20, -0.09]), and the association between interpersonal relationships and suicidal ideation (c = -0.28, t = -9.98**, 95% CI [-0.33, -0.22]).
Conclusions
Having a growth mindset can help students have lowered suicidal ideation, and this can be mediated by having better interpersonal relationships and moderated by positive coping strategies. This can inform future interventions for school students to build up students’ psychological resilience and emotional intelligence.
“Time Saved” Calculations to Improve Decision-Making in Proof-of-Concept Studies as Illustrated with a Post-hoc Analysis of IMM-AD04 Phase 2 Data in Patients with Early Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Dickson Samuel P. , Haaland Benjamin , Mallinckrodt Craig H. , Dubois Bruno , O'Keefe Patrick , Peters Oliver , III Agustín Fernández Santana , Schneeberger Achim , Hendrix Suzanne
Published: August 2023

Disease modifying therapies (DMTs) are hypothesized to be most beneficial in early disease when progression is slow and mean changes will be small. Therefore, even highly effective therapies will yield small absolute differences whose clinical relevance may be hard to interpret. Time component tests (TCTs) translate differences between treatments in mean change – the vertical distance between longitudinal trajectories, into an intuitively understood metric of time saved – the horizontal distance between trajectories. This corresponds to maintenance of independence with active treatment. DMTs are likely to impact multiple disease domains simultaneously and on the timescale these outcomes can be readily combined in a global time component test (gTCT). Use of gTCTs reflects a critical shift from emphasizing single outcomes and minimally clinically important effects to valuing true disease slowing, and incremental, but permanent benefits on an entire progressive disease. gTCTs are particularly helpful early in clinical development because combining across scales measuring multiple domains reduces noise and improves power. Clinical outcomes, such as ADAS-Cog, ADCS-ADL, and CDR-sb, reflect different aspects of disease progression and convergence of time savings results across these outcomes is evidence of an upstream effect on the cascade of events leading to neurodegeneration. By tailoring the statistical analysis to treatments with disease modifying effects, treatment effect estimates will be more precise thereby increasing statistical power when multiple endpoints are affected. Results will have less power with symptomatic treatments that primarily impact only one endpoint. The TCT was applied to a phase II clinical trial with a composite scale as the primary outcome. The AD04 2 mg group, showed some statistically significant effects compared with other study arms. It is unclear whether the observed 3.8-point difference on the composite measure is clinically meaningful; however, the TCT results show a time savings of 11 months in an 18 month study with AD04 2 mg. The relevance of 11 months saved is more universally understood than a mean difference of 3.8 points in the composite outcome. These results suggest that a combination of a composite approach and a gTCT (time savings) interpretation offers a powerful approach for detecting disease modifying effects.
Global well-posedness in a two-dimensional two-species chemotaxis-Navier-Stokes system with competitive kinetics
Authors: Yang Minghua , Li Zijing
Published: August 2023

In this article, we study the Cauchy problem for the two-species chemotaxis-Navier-Stokes system with Lotka-Volterra competitive kinetics The system is a model that describes the dynamics of two species and comes from a problem on account of the influence of chemotaxis, the Lotka-Volterra kinetics and fluid. We prove the global-in-time existence and uniqueness of the weak solution to the system for a large class of initial data on the whole space R2.
The distal resection of the rectal pouch in laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty for high-and intermediate anorectal malformation: 153 cases’ experience in a single center
Authors: ye shiru , Zhou Yan , Zheng Chen , Li Siqi , Hu Wenshu , Gao Ruyue , Diao Mei , Li Long , Xiao Ping
Published: August 2023

Background and purpose
The neuromuscular defects in the distal 2-3cm of the rectal pouch has be confirmed in many histopathological studies. This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with constipation and the efficacy of the distal 3cm resection in males with high-and intermediate anorectal malformation (ARM).
Methods
Demographic, associated anomalies, clinical features, and the bowel function of the males with ARM and rectourethral/rectovesical fistula (RUF/RVF) were evaluated. The Krickenbeck scores were used to assess bowel function. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to identify factors associated with constipation. The bowel function was evaluated between the resected group (DRL of not less than 3cm) and control group after 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM).
Result
A total of 153 males with a median follow-up period of 6 years, 54(35.2%) suffered from constipation. Multivariate analysis revealed that the DRL (OR = 0.68, P = 0.007) is the only independent protective factor of constipation after potty training. After PSM, 45 patients were included in resected group and control group, and the patients were well-balanced. No significant differences between groups were noted in postoperative complications (20.0% vs. 15.7% P = 0.581) and constant soiling (11.1% vs. 15.7%, P = 0.979). However, the incidence of constipation in the resected group was significantly lower than that in the control group (46.7% vs. 71.1%, P = 0.050).
Conclusion
The longer distal resection was the independent protective factor for constipation in males with high-and intermediate ARM, suggesting that the excessive preservation of the rectal pouch is the cause of constipation. And the constipation rate in ARM with distal 3 cm resection was significantly lower without increment of soiling after PSM. Thus, males with high-and intermediate ARM benefit from the distal 3cm resection based on the current evidence, and the precise length also need to be considered in combination with imaging and pathological data.
A multi-center study investigated the correlation between the severity of knee tibiofemoral osteoarthritis and the alignment of patellofemoral and patellar height on radiographs
Authors: 杨 振磊 , Shen Mingjie , Xie Deshun , Zhang Junzhe , Wei Qingjun
Published: August 2023

Background：It remains uncertain if there is a correlation between the morphological structure of the patellofemoral joint (PFJ) and the severity of tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (TFOA) in the knee.Objective：The objective of this research was to establish the correlation between the severity of knee TFOA on radiographs and either patellar height or patellofemoral alignment.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the MRI scans and anteroposterior radiographs of 534 TFOA patients. To evaluate the radiographic severity of TFOA, the anteroposterior radiographs of the knee and the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade were utilized. Knee MRI scans were used to measure the patellar length ratio (PLR), sulcus angle (SA), lateral patella tilt angle (LPTA), and the distance between the tibial tuberosity and trochlear groove (TT-TG). An examination was conducted on the association among the configuration of PFJ, arrangement, and the harshness of TFOA. Information on the participants' demographics, such as their age, gender, body asymmetry, height, and weight, was gathered. Statistical analysis involved the utilization of Chi-square test, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression.The study comprised of 534 patients, with a total of 586 knees. Of these, 339 (63%) were female and 195 (37%) were male. Females were found to have a higher occurrence of arthritis compared to males. No significant correlation was found between the laterality of the body and the severity of TFOA on radiographs. Age (r = 0.647, P < 0.01), LPTA (r = -0.626, P < 0.01), SA (r = 0.534, P < 0.05) and TT-TG (r = 0.697, P < 0.01) were strongly correlated with the severity of TFOA, as indicated by Pearson correlation. The severity of TFOA was found to be associated with age (β = 0.379, P < 0.01), BMI (β = 0.059, P < 0.01), LPTA (β = -0.144, P < 0.01), SA (β = 0.155, P < 0.01), and TT-TG (β = 0.367, P < 0.01) through multiple linear regression analysis.Conclusion:The radiographic severity of TFOA was positively linked to age, body mass index (BMI), SA, and TT-TG, but negatively associated with LPTA. Early intervention strategies for patients at risk of developing TFOA can be provided based on our conclusive findings with significant clinical implications.
Endocrine disruption study of active sunscreens´s compounds by docking and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Passamani Fabiana , Santos Bianca Aloise Maneira Corrêa , Gonçalves Arlan Silva
Published: August 2023

Context: The use of sunscreens is important in reducing the harmful effects caused by UV radiation. When applied in personal care, the sunscreens ingredients can assume inappropriate destinations, such as cutaneous permeation and bioaccumulation, which may have adverse impacts on human health and the environment. Information on the endocrine disrupting risks of sunscreen active ingredients is not satisfactory, requiring studies that elucidate ligand-receptor recognition. This work investigated the probabilities of interaction of nuclear receptors with commercially available UV filters and natural molecules, used in sunscreens products, seeking to understand their health risk. A further exploration was performed together with the activating ligand testosterone and the endocrine disruptor Bisphenol-A, analyzing the interaction mechanisms by molecular docking. The target was the androgen receptor (AR), which in excessive activation can trigger prostatic hyperplasia and cancer. The results show interaction with the activation site of AR, similar to the AR-Testosterone complex and Bisphenol-A. To understand the magnitude of the interactions, molecular dynamics simulations and binding energy calculations were performed on selected complexes showing changes in the AR activation pocket. This study provided relevant information for the development of safer and less toxic sunscreens
Methods: After computationally screening of ligands using the tool available on the web http://endocrinedisruptome.ki.si/, the androgen receptor was selected as a protein target. 3D structures of the ligands were prepared in Avogadro ® and optimized with semi-empirical method PM7 by MOPAC®. Next, docking was performed with AutoDockTools1.5.7®, and the best poses of the selected complexes were submitted to molecular dynamics simulations using the GROMACS software, with the OPLS/AA force field. The simulation trajectory frames were analyzed and used to calculate the MM-PBSA. Results were analyzed using xmgrace and Discovery Studio Visualizer® software.
Assessment of water quality parameters due to Longitudinal Salinity inundation at Indus Delta: A case study of Kharo Chan, District Sujawal
Authors: Imad Hafiz Usama , Sanjrani Raza Ali , Hassan Sajid , Solangi Shahjan , Sanjrani Ghulam Shabbir
Published: August 2023

Deltas are landforms which are formed at the regions where a river meets an ocean. When the freshwater of a river joins the saline water of an ocean, a transitional state of water is obtained. This zone of transition varies on the quantity of freshwater entering the ocean and the quality of both of the waters. Indus River is facing severe challenges due to climate change which has resulted in reduced water flow in the river. Consequently, sea water intrusion takes place which causes coastal erosion, stunted mangrove growth and the narrowing of the river towards the seaside. The groundwater in the deltaic regions is unfit for drinking, forcing reliance on surface water. Sindh Province, particularly the coastal regions, suffers from severe water quality problems, affecting approximately 41% of the population. This research aims to evaluate the physiochemical parameters of water in the Indus River to identify the zone of salinity inundation and determine safe zones for accessing surface water in the Indus Delta in the Sujawal district. Water samples were collected from Khobar Creek, ending in the Arabian Sea in the areas of Shah Bandar and Kharo Chan at an approximate interval of 5 km. These samples were analysed for various physical and chemical properties. Then these properties were compared spatially to develop a relationship between distance and quality. TDS values are observed in between 21450 mg/L and 900 mg/L, pH was between 6.66 and 7063, EC of the samples varied from 33000 to 1385 µS/cm, Acidity values were in between 921.14 and 399.84 mg/L, Hardness was in the range of 3654 to 192 mg/L, and Turbidity was in between 21 and57 NTU. It was revealed from the results that seawater is having a severe influence upto 15 km from the mouth of the creek in which not a single parameter except pH was in accordance with WHO recommendations. In the interval of 15 to 30 km, some properties of water were in accordance with WHO recommendations, while some of them were exceeding the limits. It has been concluded that turbidity was improving while going toward the ocean. TDS, hardness and chloride concentration was increasing as water is getting closer to the sea while PH was found almost unaffected. The findings emphasize the need for addressing environmental degradation, social hardships, and economic challenges caused by these water quality issues. Ultimately, the quality of water is crucial for various activities, and its suitability for specific purposes is of utmost importance.
Opportunities and challenges for enhancing of preconception health among reproductive age groups of women in Mekele, Tigray Ethiopia 2018/9
Authors: Adane Shewit , G/her Brhane , Hagos Hadgay , Mehari Mhiret-ab , Zenebe Kahsay , Haftu Abera
Published: August 2023

Background
preconception care involves in preventing and detecting of early disease before pregnancy occurred and has potential benefit both for the mother and her fetus. It prevents plenty of perinatal complications and now a days well organized and systematic preconception care services is mandatory in developing countries.
Objective
To explore opportunities and challenges for enhancing preconception health in Mekele, Tigray Ethiopia 2018/9.
Methods
Phenomenology study design was employed and sample size was determined by saturation of data. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit study participants and method of data collection was in-depth interview. Method of data analysis was by atlas ti 7. Audios were transcribed first and translated to English version, then after codes were given and finally themes were developed.
Result
in this study a total of ten reproductive age group females were interviewed and their minimum and maximum age were 24&43 years respectively. Opportunities and challenges were explored from the participants’ perception; they explained that health extension workers, previous experience, family planning (condom) and friend’s incident were among contributing factors for enhancing of preconception care and in the counterpart carelessness, less awareness, unplanned pregnancy, unwillingness and poor paternal coordination were the challenges mentioned by the respondents which were recognized as obstacles not to attend preconception care. They explained that again failure to attend preconception care may end up with complicated perinatal outcome like anemia, abortion, hypertension, neural tube defect, preterm labor and low birth weight.
Conclusion and recommendation
overall the participants had poor awareness and little experience of preconception care. Preconception is overlooked and less attention is given based on the respondents thought, though it has invaluable contribution in future health of both the mother and fetus. The health system should gave emphasis to prevent those maternal and neonatal complication by mobilizing both the community members and health professional
Research on the Environmental Effects of High-Speed Rail Development
Authors: chen fangli , shao mimi , chen weitong , wang furu
Published: August 2023

This study utilizes the opening of high-speed rail as a quasi-natural experiment and employs panel data from 281 Chinese cities at or above the prefectural level from 2003 to 2019 to empirically examine the impact of high-speed rail development on environmental pollution. The results indicate that the opening of high-speed rail significantly reduces environmental pollution, with varying degrees of effects on three types of industrial pollutants. The empirical findings pass the parallel trends test and dynamic effect test, revealing a lag of one year for the impact of high-speed rail on environmental pollution and an increasing effect on reducing industrial pollutant emissions over time. In this study, the core explanatory variable is replaced by the frequency of high-speed rail, and the baseline regression results demonstrate that an increase in high-speed rail frequency can decrease industrial pollutant emissions, with varying degrees of impact on different pollutants, ensuring the robustness of the results. Mechanism testing shows that the opening of high-speed rail can reduce environmental pollution through industrial structural adjustment and technological progress.
Altered consciousness mediates the effect of hypernatremia, but not hyponatremia, on mortality among patients observed in the ICU
Authors: Hoz Miguel Ángel Armengol de la , Hao Sicheng , Raines Nathan H , Celi Leo Anthony , Sánchez-González Patricia , Gómez Enrique J , Danziger John
Published: August 2023

Purpose: Dysnatremias - hypernatremia and hyponatremia - may be associated with mortality through their impact on altered consciousness. We examined the mediating effect of decreased consciousness on the relationship between dysnatremia and mortality.
Methods: Among 195,568 critically ill patients in the United States contained in the eICU database, we categorized serum sodium into bands of 5mEq/L. Using causal mediation analysis, we compared bands in the hypernatremia and hyponatremia ranges to a reference band of 135-139mEq/L to determine the proportion of mortality mediated by decreased consciousness as determined by the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS).
Results: Both hyponatremia (OR [95%CI] for bands: <120mEq/L: 1.58 [1.26-1.97]; 120-<125mEq/L: 1.92 [1.64-2.25]; 125-<130mEq/L: 1.76 [1.60-1.93]; 130-<135mEq/L: 1.32 [1.24-1.41]) and hypernatremia (OR [95%CI] for bands: 140-<145mEq/L: 1.12 [1.05-1.19]; 145-<150mEq/L: 1.89 [1.70-2.11]; ≥150mEq/L: 1.86 [1.57-2.19]) were significantly associated with increased mortality. GCS mediated the effect of hypernatremia on mortality risk (Proportion mediated [95%CI]: 140-144mEq/L: 0.38 [0.23 to 0.89]; 145-149mEq/L: 0.27 [0.22 to 0.34]; ≥150mEq/L: 0.53 [0.41 to 0.81]) but not hyponatremia (proportion mediated 95%CI upper bound <0.05 for all bands).
Conclusion: Decreased consciousness mediates the association between increased mortality and hypernatremia, but not hyponatremia. Further studies are needed to explore neurologic mechanisms and directionality in this relationship.
Zinc finger protein 296 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via inducing interaction between macrophages and B cells
Authors: Xu Nan , Wang Shuai , Chen Huan , Chen Yiyuan , Yang Yijie , Wei Xuyong , Xu Xiao , Wei Qiang
Published: August 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies with poor survival. Tumor tissues are heterogeneous, with different cell types in the tumor microenvironment, which play different roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression attached to the prognosis of HCC.This study analyzed HCC RNA-seq for cell-type identification and prognosis by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcript (CIBERSORTx). Analyzing LIHC RNA-seq (n = 423) from TCGA showed that high infiltration of eosinophils promoted HCC progression.Interaction of B cells and macrophages in HCC was detected by the Hepa1-6 orthotopic transplantation mice model and flow cytometer analysis. B cells were correlated with macrophages (r=-0.24) and could affect the expression of PDL1 in macrophages infiltrating in LIHC. Transcription factor Zinc finger protein 296 (ZNF296) might accelerate HCC progression by regulating PAFAH1B3 and H2AFX. HCC patients with high expression of ZNF296 were in the late pathological stage. Moreover, the expression of ZNF296 was positively associated with the abundance of activated B cells (r = 0.185) and macrophages (r = 0.167). Among the survival and dead phenotype related to immune cells identified by SCISSOR analysis, T cells were most correlated to the excellent prognosis of HCC. The normal function of Liver cells and DC cells were also connected with the good prognosis of HCC.This investigation primarily delves into the intricate interplay between the immune microenvironment and the prognosis of HCC, thereby unveiling ZNF296 as a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for HCC.
Developing a Decision Model for Enhancing the Safety of CNG Stations Using Data Mining and Safety Indicators Classification
Authors: Hamidieh Alireza , Ghanbari Maliheh
Published: August 2023

This study addresses the need to expand Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) filling stations regarding the increasing popularity of dual-fuel vehicles. The primary challenge in this regard is ensuring these stations’ safety and implementing effective safety measures. To this end, a decision model was developed using data-mining techniques. The data needed for this purpose included 57 CNG stations in Markazi, Tehran, Isfahan, and Khuzestan provinces (Iran). Then, a comprehensive model was formulated using the safety indicators extracted from relevant literature. The data were analyzed using classification and prediction algorithms, i.e., Naive Bayes and Apriori, respectively. Naive Bayes achieved an accuracy rate of 89.3% in predicting defects, outperforming other algorithms. On the other hand, classification using Naive Bayes assigned high priority to specific safety indicators, including compression systems, equipment safety, and site and traffic safety. In this study, driver safety received the lowest priority (with a mere 1% allocation), followed by employee safety (at 2%) and environmental and vehicle safety (at 3%). The Apriori algorithm revealed crisis measures required to enhance CNG station safety. These measures included environmental safety, employee safety, equipment and system maintenance, compliance with regulations, and site and traffic safety. The sensitivity analysis highlighted that employee and driver safety (65%) and equipment safety (35%) were particularly sensitive to CNG station safety, with training identified as the most impactful safety indicator.
Structural basis of closed groove scrambling by a TMEM16 protein
Authors: Accardi Alessio , Feng Zhang , Alvarenga Omar
Published: August 2023

Activation of Ca2+-dependent TMEM16 scramblases induces the externalization of phosphatidylserine, a key molecule in multiple signaling processes. Current models suggest that the TMEM16s scramble lipids by deforming the membrane near a hydrophilic groove, and that Ca2+ dependence arises from the different association of lipids with an open or closed groove. However, the molecular rearrangements involved in groove opening and of how lipids reorganize outside the closed groove remain unknown. Using cryogenic electron microscopy, we directly visualize how lipids associate at the closed groove of Ca2+-bound nhTMEM16 in nanodiscs. Functional experiments pinpoint the lipid-protein interaction sites critical for closed groove scrambling. Structural and functional analyses suggest groove opening entails the sequential appearance of two π-helical turns in the groove-lining TM6 helix and identify critical rearrangements. Finally, we show that the choice of scaffold protein and lipids affects the conformations of nhTMEM16 and their distribution, highlighting a key role of these factors in cryoEM structure determination.
Enabling Quantum Cybersecurity Analytics in Botnet Detection: Stable Architecture and Speed-up through Tree Algorithms
Authors: Tehrani Madjid G , Sultanow Eldar , Buchanan William J , Amir Malik , Jeschke Anja , Houmani Mahkameh , Chow Raymond , Lemoudden Mouad
Published: August 2023

For the first time, we enable the execution of hybrid quantum machine learning (HQML) methods on real quantum computers with 100 data samples and real-device-based simulations with 5,000 data samples, thereby outperforming the current state of research of Suryotrisongko and Musashi from 2022 who were dealing with 1,000 data samples and quantum simulators (pure software-based emulators) only. Additionally, we beat their reported accuracy of 76.8% by an average accuracy of 91.2%, all within a total execution time of 1,687 seconds. We achieve this significant progress through two-step strategy: Firstly, we establish a stable quantum architecture that enables us to execute HQML algorithms on real quantum devices. Secondly, we introduce new hybrid quantum binary classifiers (HQBCs) based on Hoeffding decision tree algorithms. These algorithms speed up the process via batch-wise execution, reducing the number of shots required on real quantum devices compared to conventional loop-based optimizers. Their incremental nature serves the purpose of online large-scale data streaming for domain generation algorithm (DGA) botnet detection, and allows us to apply HQML to the field of cybersecurity analytics. We conduct our experiments using the Qiskit library with the Aer quantum simulator, and on three different real quantum devices from Azure Quantum: IonQ, Rigetti, and Quantinuum. This is the first time these tools are combined in this manner.
Biochemical and structural basis of mercuric reductase, GbsMerA, from Gelidibacter salicanalis PAMC21136
Authors: Do Hackwon , Pardhe Bashu , Lee Min Ju , Lee Jun Hyuck , Oh Tae-Jin
Published: August 2023

Heavy metals, including mercury, are non-biodegradable and highly toxic to microorganisms even at low concentrations. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the environmental adaptability of microorganisms with Hg resistance holds promise for their use in Hg bioremediation. We characterized GbsMerA, a mercury reductase belonging to the mercury-resistant operon of Gelidibacter salicanalis PAMC21136, and found its specific activity in reducing Hg+2. Its enzyme activity was the highest in the presence of Hg+2 and moderate in the presence of Ag+ and Mn+2. GbsMerA exhibited optimal activity at pH 7.0 and a temperature of 60 °C. GbsMerA contains unique residues, Tyr437´ and Asp47, which are responsible for metal transfer at the si-face. The complex structure with NADPH indicated that Y174 in the re-face is a gate for NADPH binding. This study provides a background for understanding Hg detoxification by GbsMerA and suggests the application of genetically engineered E. coli strains for environmental Hg removal.
C-reactive protein levels, the prognostic nutritional index, and the lactate dehydrogenase-to-lymphocyte ratio are important prognostic factors in primary central nervous system lymphoma: A single-center study of 223 patients
Authors: Zuo Jinyi , Lei Ting , Zhong Shuai , Zhou Jiajun , Liu Rui , Wu Chenxing , Li Shouwei
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare and highly aggressive type of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and the prognosis is poor. Currently, the most used prognostic models are the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG) scores; however, their predictive effects are changing with increasing incidence and changing treatment regimens. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that inflammatory and nutritional markers are factors that can determine tumor prognosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and validate novel prognostic factors for PCNSL.
Methods
Clinical information was collected from 223 patients with PCNSL. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were used as endpoints, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted to determine the cut-off values for the inflammatory indicators. Correlations between variables and PFS or OS were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses, and positive indicators were selected for survival analysis.
Results
A prognostic nutritional index (PNI) < 49.38 was associated with worse PFS (p = 0.017), and outcomes significantly differed between patients with a PNI ≥ 49.38 and < 49.38 (p < 0.001). Age < 60 years (p = 0.001) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels < 3.14 (p = 0.006) were associated with better OS. In elderly patients (≥ 60 years), a lactate dehydrogenase-to-lymphocyte ratio (LLR) < 95.69 (p = 0.021) was associated with better OS, and the outcome significantly differed between patients with an LLR ≥ 95.69 and LLR < 95.69 (p = 0.015).
Conclusion
The PNI and CRP levels are prognostic factors for PCNSL. In elderly patients with PCNSL, the LLR can predict prognosis.
Assisted reproductive technology induces different secondary sex ratio: parental and embryonic impacts
Authors: Zhao Jiansen , Shen Haoran , Zhu Qijiong , Liu Jiong , Han Jianhua , Yi Ruiting , Li Junxing , Lin Yanshan , Liu Tao , Zhong Xinqi
Published: August 2023

Background
Assisted reproduction technology (ART) has witnessed significant advancements, yet concerns remain regarding its impact on the secondary sex ratio (SSR) in offspring.
Methods
This study aims to investigate the factors associated with SSR in singletons, singletons from twin gestation, and twins from twin gestation within the context of ART. A retrospective study analyzed data from 8,335 births involving 6,223 couples undergoing ART. Binary logistic regression assessed the relationships between parental and embryonic factors and SSR in singletons and singletons from twin gestation. Multinomial logistic regression models were utilized to identify influencing factors for SSR in twins from twin gestation.
Results
Secondary infertility (OR = 1.164, 95%CI: 1.009–1.342) and advanced paternal age (OR = 1.261, 95%CI: 1.038–1.534) were associated with an increased SSR in singletons. Frozen embryo transfer (FET) showed a negative association with SSR (OR = 0.738, 95%CI: 0.597–0.912), while blastocyst transfer was related to an increased SSR (OR = 1.339, 95%CI: 1.030–1.742). Longer duration of gonadotropin (Gn) usage reduced SSR in singletons (OR = 0.961, 95%CI: 0.932–0.990) and singletons from twin gestation (OR = 0.906, 95%CI: 0.838–0.980). In singletons from twin gestation, male-induced infertility (OR = 2.208, 95%CI: 1.120–4.348) and higher Gn dosage (OR = 1.250, 95%CI: 1.010–1.548) were significantly associated with an increased SSR. Women aged > 35 years and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were associated with lower SSR risk (OR = 0.539, 95%CI: 0.293–0.990 and OR = 0.331, 95%CI: 0.158–0.690, respectively). In twins from twin gestation, paternal age (OR = 0.682, 95%CI: 0.492–0.945) and higher Gn dosage (OR = 0.837, 95%CI: 0.715–0.980) were positively associated with a higher proportion of male twins. Cleavage stage transfer (OR = 1.754, 95%CI: 1.133–2.716) resulted in a higher percentage of boy-girl twins compared to blastocyst transfer.
Conclusion
This retrospective study uncovers significant associations between parental and embryonic factors and SSR in ART. These findings contribute to our understanding of SSR dynamics in ART and provide valuable insights for optimizing ART procedures and outcomes.
Functional Recovery in a Cohort of ECMO and Non-ECMO Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Survivors
Authors: Snyder Mackenzie , Njie Binta , Grabenstein Ilana , Viola Sara , Abbas Hatoon , Bhatti Waqas , Lee Ryan , Yeung Siu Yan Amy , Chow Jonathan H. , Tabatabai Ali , Taylor Bradley S. , Dahi Siamak , Scalea Thomas , Rabin Joseph , Grazioli Alison , Calfee Carolyn S. , Britton Noel , Levine Andrea R.
Published: August 2023

Background:
The mortality benefit of VV-ECMO in ARDS has been extensively studied, but the impact on long-term functional outcomes of survivors is poorly defined. We aimed to assess the association between ECMO and functional outcomes in a contemporaneous cohort of survivors of ARDS.
Methods:
Multicenter retrospective cohort study of ARDS survivors who presented to follow-up clinic. The primary outcome was FVC% predicted. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to evaluate the impact of ECMO on the primary outcome.
Results:
This study enrolled 110 survivors of ARDS, 34 of whom were managed using ECMO. The ECMO cohort was younger (32 [Q1 28, Q3 50] v. 51 [44, 61] yo, p < 0.01), less likely to have COVID-19 (58% v. 96%, p < 0.01), and more severely ill based on the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (7 [5, 9] v. 4 [3, 6], p < 0.01). ECMO patients had significantly longer lengths of hospitalization (46 [27, 62] v. 16 [12, 31] days, p < 0.01) ICU stay (29 [19, 43] v. 10 [5, 17] days, p < 0.01), and duration of mechanical ventilation (24 [14, 42] v. 10 [7, 17] days, p < 0.01). Functional outcomes were similar in ECMO and non-ECMO patients. ECMO did not predict changes in lung function when adjusting for age, SOFA, COVID-19 status, or length of hospitalization.
Conclusions:
There were no significant differences in the FVC% predicted, or other markers of pulmonary, neurocognitive, or psychiatric functional recovery outcomes, when comparing a contemporaneous clinic-based cohort of survivors of ARDS managed with ECMO to those without ECMO.
Age Estimation Based on CBCT Measurement of Pulp Chamber Volume of the First Permanent Molar in Chinese Adults
Authors: Ding Yanjie , Wang Wei , Yang Genjie , Li Ziyi , Guo Aji , Zhang Shilin , Zhang Xiao , Jin Bo
Published: August 2023

Purpose This study aims to establish a population-specific age estimation model by investigating the correlation between the volume of the right first permanent molar pulp chamber and the actual age of Chinese Han adults. Method A total of 1857 CBCT images of Han adult teeth (883 males, 974 females) from the Department of Stomatology of the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College were collected. The volume of the right first permanent molar pulp chamber was measured using Mimics software for statistical analysis. The data were divided into a training set and a validation set in an 8:2 ratio. An age estimation model was built using 1485 samples from the training set, and the accuracy of the model was verified with 372 samples. Results The volume of the right upper and lower jaw pulp chambers showed a strong negative correlation with age, with the correlation of the upper jaw volume with age being superior to that of the lower jaw, and the correlation was highest in the upper jaw of females (r = 0.880). There was a significant difference in the volume of the right first permanent molar pulp chamber between the upper and lower teeth positions and sexes (P < 0.05). Among the 11 mathematical models constructed, the cubic regression model was superior to the other models, and the cubic regression model built for the right upper first permanent molar in females was the best (AGE = 74.96−1.427X−0.04X2 + 0.001X3), with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 4.95 years. Conclusion In the process of age estimation, the volume of the first permanent molar pulp chamber has been proven to be an effective indicator. To improve the accuracy of age estimation, we recommend using models specific to gender and tooth type.
Dietary Patterns with Increased Bean Consumption are Associated with Greater Overall and Shortfall Nutrient Intakes, Lower Added Sugar, and Improved Diet Quality in Adults
Authors: Papanikolaou Yanni
Published: August 2023

Background
Limited evidence is available that focuses on beans within American dietary patterns and health. The purpose of this study was to identify commonly consumed bean dietary patterns in adults and compare intakes of shortfall nutrients and diet quality, compared to adults whose typical dietary pattern did not include beans.
Methods
The analyses used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001–2018. Cluster analysis was used to identify bean patterns of consumption, while the USDA food coding system defined daily beans consumed. Five bean dietary patterns of consumption were identified, of which four patterns included both canned bean and dry beans, while one pattern was comprised of no bean consumption. Bean consumption was defined as those consuming kidney beans, black beans, chickpeas, and pinto beans.
Results
Adults consuming bean patterns 1, 2, 3 and 4 had significantly higher diet quality scores compared to the no-bean pattern (61.2 ± 0.5, 58.9 ± 0.5, 55.2 ± 0.4 and 56.5 ± 0.8 vs 48.8 ± 0.2 p’s < 0.0001). Bean consumers also had significantly higher intakes of several shortfall nutrients (choline, alpha-linolenic acid, folate, iron, magnesium and vitamin E relative to no bean consumption. Similarly, intake of dietary fiber, potassium and calcium, all nutrients of public health concern were significantly elevated in bean patterns compared to no-beans.
Conclusions
Dietary patterns that are rich in beans are associated with significantly higher diet quality scores and greater intake of shortfall nutrients, including nutrients of public health concern. Dietary guidance should consider the health benefits associated with the promotion of increased canned and dry bean consumption in dietary patterns.
Long-term conservative treatment outcomes for midshaft clavicle fractures
Authors: Matsubara Yuki , Nakamura Yoshihiro , Sasashige Yoshiaki , Yokoya Shin , Adachi Nobuo
Published: August 2023

Background: Few reports exist on the long-term outcomes of midshaft clavicle fracture conservative treatments. Therefore, this study investigated the long-term outcome of this treatment in patients with midshaft clavicle fractures.
Methods: Patients were treated conservatively for midshaft clavicle fractures with a figure of eight bandages between 10 and 30 years ago. Subsequently, a telephone survey was used to follow–up these patients, and 38 were successfully evaluated. The mean term after trauma was 17.0 years. Afterward, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder (ASES) score and Shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) on the affected and unaffected sides were calculated based on the filled questionnaires. We defined patients whose ASES and SPADI on the affected side were worse than the unaffected side as the symptomatic group. Furthermore, plain radiographs measured proportional changes in clavicular length and displacement.
Results: The ASES scores of the affected side were significantly lower than those of the unaffected side, and the SPADI of the affected side was significantly higher than that of the unaffected side. Furthermore, the symptomatic group's proportional changes in clavicular length and displacement were significantly larger than the asymptomatic group.
Conclusion: The affected shoulder side was more symptomatic than the unaffected side 10 to 30 years after the trauma when midshaft clavicle fractures were treated conservatively. Moreover, several patients became symptomatic for fractures with a larger proportional change in clavicular length or displacement.
Electrochemical immunosensor of E. coli O157:H7 in food based on PPY-PANI and quantum dot microsphere conjugates
Authors: Qian JieKe , Lu Haixia , Zheng Shuangzhi , Lu Donghao , Zhu Junli
Published: August 2023

In this study, a sandwich immunosensor based on the conjugate of gold nanoparticles and quantum dot microspheres on polypyrrole/polyaniline (PPY-PANI) composite membrane was developed for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7). Quantum dot microsphere conjugates (QBC), as immunoprobes throughout electrochemical detection, exhibited signal amplifications. Each stage of the immunosensor preparation was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results showed that the optimal reaction conditions of antigen and secondary antibody were 37 ℃ and 60 min respectively, and the concentration of secondary antibody was 0.01 mg·mL− 1. When E. coli O157:H7 was performed in the immunosensor of PPY-PANI-Ab2, E. coli O157:H7 in the concentration range of 4.73×102-4.73×109 CFU·mL− 1, exhibited a linear relationship between the change of current (ΔIpa) and the logarithm of bacterial concentration. Compared to 100 CFU·mL− 1 of the limit of detection (LOD) in normal saline solution, the lowest detection limit in 0.1% peptone water was 113 CFU·mL− 1, and the signal-to-noise ratio was 3. Moreover, the recovery rate of spiked milk and shrimp were 80.80-98.36% and 75.20-94.31%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.03–6.18% and 1.61–6.94% respectively. Therefore, the immunosensor of with low cost and good stability is expected to be used for rapid screening of E. coli O157:H7 in food.
Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in the surgical treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: a retrospective study of 118 patients
Authors: Peng Youheng , Ren Yanming , Hou Jiguang , Zhang Changwei , He Min , Huang Bowen , Chen Tengyun , Li Jin
Published: August 2023

Background and Objective: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) are the most common type of spinal vascular malformations (AVMs), constituting approximately 70% of all spinal AVMs. The impact of various clinical and radiologic features on the outcomes in patients with SDAVFs is still controversial. The purpose of the study is to investigate the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with surgically treated SDAVFs in a single center.
Methods: A retrospective review was performed for all patients with SDAVFs from January 2013 to September 2021 who underwent surgery at our institution. Medical records and pre- and postoperative imaging data were analyzed. Neurological function status was evaluated by modified Aminoff-Logue Scale (mALS). Student’s t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, χ2 test and logistic regression were used to find significant prognostic factors. P values <0.05 were considered significant.
Results: One hundred and eighteen patients were ultimately included in the study. By comparing preoperative and postoperative mALS, 69 (58.5%) patients experienced improvement, and 49 (41.5%) patients showed no improvement (worse or unchanged) Wilcoxon rank sum test showed that there was a difference between the improvement group and the no improvement group in preoperative mALS Micturition score and preoperative mALS Defecation score. The logistic regression revealed that preoperative mALS Gait score was associated with clinical improvement after surgery in patients with SDAVFs.
Conclusions: Surgical treatment of SDAVFs is a safe and effective procedure and can lead to symptom improvement or stabilization in most patients. Preoperative neurological function status was the only factor associated with clinical prognosis.
The causal relationship between antisocial behavior and resting-state networks: a two- sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhao Yixin , Guo Weilong , Zhou Jiansong , Wang Xiaoping
Published: August 2023

Background
A growing body of evidence shows that antisocial behavior is associated with resting-state network alterations. However, the causality of this association is not clear. Therefore, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal relationship between antisocial behavior (ASB) and resting-state networks (RSNs).
Methods
Genome-wide association studies summary data of ASB in 85359 participants from the Complex Trait Genetics lab were used to identify their general risk preference. Data from 27744 subjects from the Complex Trait Genetics lab were used to identify the functional connectivity within resting-state networks (RSN-FC). Data from 27397 subjects from the Complex Trait Genetics lab were used to identify the structural connectivity within resting-state networks (RSN-SC). The weighted median, the inverse variance weighted method, and the Mendelian randomization-Egger methods were used for the MR analysis to estimate the causal effect and examine the directional pleiotropy.
Results
GWAS summary data were respectively from three combined samples, which contained 85359, 27744 and 27397 adult participants of European ancestry. MR evidence suggested no significant causal relationship between ASB and RSNs.
Conclusion
Numerous studies have found a close correlation between ASB and RSNs. However, the present MR analysis did not find a direct causal relationship between ASB and RSNs, suggesting that there might be some mediating influencing factors or complex indirect pathways or circuits between ASB and RSNs.