bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterização geológica e geotécnica do local experimental da Quinta do Foja, situado no depósito de solos moles do Baixo Mondego
Authors: Coelho Paulo , Lemos Luís
Published: October 2022

O depósito de solos moles do Baixo Mondego tem sido objecto de um vasto projecto de investigação dedicado à sua caracterização geológica e geotécnica. Este artigo apresenta as principais características geológicas do depósito, assim como as suas mais relevantes propriedades fisicas, de identificação, de consolidação e tensão - deformação - resistência ao corte, determinadas no local experimental da Quinta do Foja. Os solos ensaiados apresentam várias características de comportamento aparentemente incoerentes, tais como uma grande variabilidade de propriedades fisicas face a uma composição relativamente uniforme, uma plasticidade muito elevada que não se coaduna com a quantidade e tipo de minerais argilosos presentes, e ainda uma combinação relativamente invulgar de alta compressibilidade com alta resistência ao corte intrínseca.  Sendo a matéria orgânica responsável maior por todas estas características originais de comportamento dos solos, ela pode ser encarada como o seu constituinte mais significativo, ainda que o respectivo teor em matéria orgânica seja relativamente baixo.
Experiência portuguesa na construção dos sistemas de confinamento de aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos
Authors: Lopes Maria da Graça , Lopes Maria de Lurdes
Published: October 2022

Em Portugal nos últimos anos tem sido feito um grande esforço no sentido de mudar a política de gestão de resíduos. As lixeiras foram progressivamente fechadas dando lugar a novos aterros de resíduos. Nestes aterros, os geossintético representaram um papel importante, mas houve necessidade de recorrer a novas abordagens tanto ao nível do projecto como da construção. Nesta comunicação apresenta-se a experiência portuguesa na construção dos sistemas de confinamento dos novos aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos. São indicados os principais requisitos de projecto e de construção, a legislação seguida, o Plano de Controle de Qualidade de Construção preparado pelo Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) e finalmente os principais problemas encontrados e as soluções adoptadas.
Principais metodologias para avaliação e seleção de áreas para aterros sanitários
Authors: Melo André , Calijuri Maria , Azevedo Roberto , Duarte Izabel , Lorentz Juliana
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho apresenta inicialmente as principais metodologias desenvolvidas para a seleção de áreas para implantação de aterros sanitários. Em seguida, discute suas deficiências e apresenta­ se uma nova metodologia baseada no uso de sistema de informação geográfica, lógica fuzzy e análise multi-critério. Finalmente, são extraídas algumas conclusões nas quais realçam-se as vantagens da nova metodologia proposta.
Análise do comportamento de um aterro reforçado com geogrelhas
Authors: Mendonça Agostinho , Lopes M. Lurdes
Published: October 2022

No IP3, lanço Régua-Reconcos, foi construído, instrumentado e observado durante os dez primeiros meses de serviço um aterro reforçado com geogrelhas. O aterro tem uma extensão de cerca de 206,2 m, é em curva e atinge a altura máxima (19,6 m) ao km O+150 (perfil instrumentado).

As geogrelhas utilizadas como reforço são em polietileno de alta densidade, com diferentes resistências à tracção. As deformações nos reforços foram registadas em três níveis de reforço usando extensómetros lineares. As pressões verticais de terras foram medidas através de células de carga e os deslocamentos internos do aterro através de dois tubos inclinométricos. Os deslocamentos da face foram registados topograficamente em pontos espaçados cerca de 1,2 m, na vertical, ao longo da face do talude do extradorso do aterro ao km 0+150.

O comportamento da estrutura observado é caracterizado por: reduzidos deslocamentos da face e internos do aterro, bem como por deformações baixas nos reforços.
Estruturas de contenção tipo Berlim com perfis exteriores: avaliação do comportamento por via numérica
Authors: Guerra Nuno , Matos Fernandes Manuel , Gomes Correia António , Silva Cardoso António
Published: October 2022

São por vezes executadas escavações urbanas com recurso a estruturas de contenção tipo Berlim em que os perfis metálicos verticais são instalados externamente à parede. O recurso a esta solução é normalmente justificado pela dificuldade de realização de furos tangentes ou muito próximos de empenas de edifícios vizinhos. Para além da sua maior exposição a impactos de equipamentos que circulam no interior da escavação, o funcionamento de tais perfis será sempre menos adequado do que o de perfis incorporados na parede a construir. Neste artigo modela-se numericamente uma escavação com recurso a estrutura de contenção tipo Berlim considerando duas hipóteses: uma em que os perfis são interiores (incorporados na parede) e uma outra em que os perfis são exteriores. Compara-se os resultados obtidos, com ênfase para os esforços instalados nos perfis metálicos, e analisa-se os factores referentes às ligações entre estes e a parede que mais influenciam o comportamento da estrutura.
Modelagem de transporte de poluentes para a área do lixão de Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais (Brasil).
Authors: Palma Janaina , Zuquette Lázaro
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados obtidos a partir de simulações numéricas, utilizando o programa VISUAL MODFLOW, para a área do lixão da cidade de Poços de Caldas, no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Considerando as características geológicas, geotécnicas, hidrogeológicas, climáticas e geométricas da área e dos tipos de fontes de poluentes, foram simulados 16 cenários, sendo que os resultados foram analisados frente aos dados obtidos por métodos geofísicos e trabalhos de campo. O cenário caracterizado por dispersividades longitudinais, razões entre dispersividade longitudinal e horizontal e razão entre dispersividade longitudinal e vertical diferentes, isotermas de adsorção de Langmuir e fonte contínua foi o que melhor compatibilidade apresentou com os dados obtidos pela geofísica e trabalhos de campo.
Comportamento de misturas de cinza de carvão-bentonita e areia-bentonita
Authors: Heineck Karla , Consoli Nilo , Bica Adriano , Flores Juan
Published: October 2022

Ensaios de condutividade hidráulica em permeâmetro de parede flexível com carga constante foram realizados em amostras compactadas de cinza de fundo, cinza volante e areia, com adições de O, 3, 6, 9 e 18% de bentonita. Além disso, com o intuito de avaliar o efeito da inclusão da bentonita e da morfologia das partículas na condutividade hidráulica das misturas, foi feita a análise fotomicrográfica do material em microscópios petrográfico óptico e eletrónico. Foi observado que a adição de bentonita não diminuiu significativamente a condutividade hidráulica das cinzas, reduzida em somente uma ordem de magnitude, de 1,78x! 0-6 m/s para l ,39x10·7 m/s. Em contrapartida,  a condutividade hidráulica da areia foi minimizada em cinco ordens de magnitude, de 3,17x 10·5 m/s para 5,1Sx10-10 m/s. Dentre os vários fatores que podem ser responsáveis pela dificuldade na diminuição da condutividade hidráulica (granulometria das cinzas, por exemplo), podem ser citados os vazios existentes nas próprias partículas de cinza observados na análise microscópica  das  misturas,  o que  não acontece com a areia, que possui partículas sólidas e sem vazios internos.
Dimensionamento expedito dos perfis verticais de estruturas de contenção tipo Berlim definitivas
Authors: Guerra Nuno , Fernandes Manuel , Cardoso António , Correia António
Published: October 2022

Destaca-se o papel dos perfis metálicos verticais nas estruturas de contenção tipo Berlim definitivas e a importância do dimensionamento destas estruturas em relação ao carregamento vertical. Apresenta-se os resultados de um estudo paramétrico, usando um modelo de elementos finitos, de estruturas de contenção tipo Berlim definitivas considerando diferentes tipos de solo, inclinação das ancoragens, módulo de deformabilidade do solo, profundidade de escavação, nível de pré-esforço das ancoragens e área dos perfis verticais. São apresentadas algumas conclusões relativas à influência que os parâmetros analisa­ dos têm no esforço normal transmitido aos perfis. Com base nas análises numéricas realizadas propõe-se uma metodologia expedita de dimensionamento dos perfis verticais.
Protection of HDG Steel Using ORMOSIL Coatings Enhanced with CeO2(5-ATDT)- Ceramic Nanocontainers
Authors: Kordas George
Published: October 2022

First, we studied the anticorrosion efficiency of the corrosiveness inhibitors CeO2, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole- 2-thiol (5-ATDT), Ce(NH4)2(NO3)6 in hot-dip galvanized zinc (HDG) steel. The best protection is shown by the compound Ce(NH4)2(NO3)6 among the three. Second, CeO2 ceramic nanocontainers were prepared, which were loaded with 5-ATDT. Third, organically modified silica (ORMOSIL) coatings were produced on hot-dip galvanized zinc (HDG) steel, which was reinforced with CeO2(5-ATDT) nanocontainers. Finally, the anticorrosion protection of these composites was studied using the Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) method, and it was established to reinforce ORMOSIL with CeO2(5-ATDT); inducing the phenomenon of “self-healing”.
Understanding the Passage of the Emmitt till Antilynching Act from the Kingdon’s Multiple Streams or Three Stream Policy Window Model Perspective
Authors: Mbah Ruth Endam , Hultquist Laura , Repp Rande
Published: October 2022

The historical signing into law of the Emmitt Till Antilynching Act in March 2022 ends a long struggle of over a century of almost 200 failed attempts to pass anti-lynching legislation that makes lynching a federal hate crime. For a bill to become law, it must be approved by the House and passed by the Senate in identical form, and be signed by the President. The purpose of this review paper is to understand the policy process leading to the famous signing into law of the Emmitt Till Antilynching Act in March 2022. We use one of the most used models for comprehending policy processes called Kingdon’s Multiple Streams or Three Stream Policy Window Model to evaluate this process. John Kingdon’s model postulates that for a societal issue to pass on as law, it must satisfy three streams, that is (1) Problem Stream, (2) Policy Stream, and (3) Politics Stream. These three streams must come together (policy window) for legislation to be signed into law. However, a policy window could open but if the political climate is not favorable, legislation may not be signed into law at the close of that policy window. It might take several years before another policy window opens again. This was the case of the 200 failed anti-lynching bills from the first anti-lynching bill introduced in 1900 until the historical Emmitt Till Antilynching Act that was approved by the House, passed by Senate, and signed into law by President in 2022.
DaF und die Fachsprachenprüfungen für Ärzte, Apotheker und Pflegekräfte
Authors: Schön Almut
Published: October 2022

Erst seit wenigen Jahren müssen aus dem Ausland kommende Angehörige verschiedener Heilberufe, die in Deutschland eine Berufserlaubnis erlangen wollen, neben entsprechenden Fachkenntnissen auch Deutschkenntnisse in einem speziellen Prüfungsformat nachweisen. Im Folgenden werden die Fachsprachenprüfungen für Ärzte, Apotheker und Pflegekräfte1 vorgestellt. Es wird diskutiert, inwiefern diese Prüfungen die Hauptgütekriterien von Tests erfüllen und welche Forschungsaufgaben sich hier für die angewandte DaF-Forschung ergeben.
Lost in translation? Kritische Anmerkungen zur Validität berufsbezogener Sprachtests
Authors: Teufele Lisa
Published: October 2022

Neben den Hauptgütekriterien standardisierter Testverfahren spielt der Aspekt der Konstruktvalidität bei berufsbezogenen Sprachtests eine herausragende Rolle. Basierend auf theoretischen Überlegungen zum Testkonstrukt berufsbezogener Sprachtests werden in diesem Beitrag empirische Verfahren zu dessen Überprüfung dargestellt. Anhand ausgewählter berufssprachlicher Testformate wird resümierend festgestellt, dass bei keinem der Testformate das Kriterium der Konstruktvalidität mit standardisierten empirisch-quantitativen Verfahren überprüft wurde.
Analysis of high-resolution global gravity field models for the estimation of International Height Reference System (IHRS) coordinates in Argentina
Authors: Tocho Claudia N. , Antokoletz Ezequiel D. , Gómez Agustín R. , Guagni Hernán , Piñon Diego A.
Published: October 2022

Following the definition and realization of the International Height Reference System (IHRS), the vertical coordinate of a given point at the Earth’s surface can be obtained from the computation of the geopotential value from a harmonic expansion of a Global Gravity Model of High-Resolution (GGM-HR) or based on the computation of a local or regional pure gravimetric geoid or quasigeoid. Therefore, an evaluation of the accuracy of GGMs-HR and the geoid model available is needed in order to assess its capability to infer IHRS coordinates. In this study, different GGMs-HR are evaluated against 2287 benchmarks in Argentina. Moreover, the most recent geoid model of Argentina is also evaluated. Geoid undulations at these benchmarks are obtained based on ellipsoidal and orthometric heights in the local vertical datum. Results suggest that among the evaluated GGMs-HR, XGM2019e provides the best agreement with the observed geoid heights, but none of them is accurate enough in order to infer vertical coordinates in the IHRS. Similar conclusions are obtained for the local geoid model for Argentina demonstrating the necessity for a more precise geoid model, following the standards and recommendations given for the IHRS.
An Anthropologist as Expert Witness
Authors: Leaf Murray J
Published: October 2022

A substantial literature in anthropology claims that there are inherent epistemological and ethical conflicts for anthropologists serving as expert witnesses. James Rose’s article rightly connects this to a “postmodern turn”. He contrasts it with the anthropology of “greater formal and empirical maturity” represented by my work with Dwight Read and a few others. Rose argues that expert testimony based on the latter type of social anthropology has greater legal probity. I have been an expert witness in forty-one cases. I agree. The bulk of his article seeks to characterize this type of anthropology. He proposes a general distinction between “forensic” and “expert”. I argue that it is better to recognize that the two streams are part of a much wider conflict between science based on experimental demonstration and the long and consistently fruitless debate over idealism versus materialism. My approach is part of the former. The conflict between Postmodernism and Positivism is part of the latter. In this article I recall the main intellectual positions that mark the two streams, including landmarks in the anthropology of law. I then address the issues Rose discusses in general terms. I then describe my activities in three specific cases. I conclude with recommendations regarding certification.
Gott in der Schöpfung. Überlegungen zur Rede von Naturspiritualität aus theologischer Perspektive
Authors: Wüthrich Matthias
Published: October 2022

Lässt sich auch im Rahmen der christlichen Theologie eine „Naturspiritualität“ vertreten? Der folgende Beitrag geht dieser Frage vor dem Hintergrund der Neuorientierung der Schöpfungstheologie, im 20. Jahrhundert nach und skizziert Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer theologischen Rede von Naturspiritualität.
Change agents: The impact of a student partnership on the educational practice of a diverse higher education engineering faculty
Authors: Knight Gillian , Ordidge Helen , Timothy Adam , Davis Matthew
Published: October 2022

This article describes the implementation of a new student partnership across a large and diverse STEM faculty and the impact this four-year partnership had on enhancing students’ experience. This innovative partnership recruited and employed students, termed student experience champions (SEC), to inform and develop inclusive educational initiatives in response to their educational experiences. This partnership enabled the faculty to develop a dynamic and agile working relationship with their students, creating an environment where students informed the strategic direction of the student experience and leading faculty and departmental educational projects that resulted in institutional changes. The breadth of the SEC projects enabled the benefits of student partnerships to be appreciated across the faculty, leading to a culture change where SEC are now viewed as partners in programme enhancement.
Experiences of creating digital content for teaching and learning through working in staff-student partnerships
Authors: Gregory-Ellis Charlotte
Published: October 2022

Most staff-student partnerships are carried out between students who are studying on the course the academics are teaching; this study is different in showing how skilled students work in partnership with academic staff across the university to create digital content for teaching. The students work as digital media producers (DMPs) within the institution, delivering expertise in the creation of digital content working alongside the academics who develop the subject content. This qualitative study had a small, purposive, and selected sample. Academics and the DMPs undertook focus groups to gather insights into their experiences of transforming teaching and learning into a collaborative process. Thematic data analysis and coding were utilised to generate themes, with consideration to the research objectives while analysing the transcripts. Themes appeared, such as having a central support to encourage relationships and build upon skillsets, thereby supplying the students with an authentic experience and aiding their future employment prospects.
Amplified Gliosis and Interferon-Associated Inflammation in the Aging Brain following Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Wangler Lynde M. , Bray Chelsea E. , Packer Jonathan M. , Tapp Zoe M. , Davis Amara C. , O'Neil Shane M. , Baetz Kara , Ouviña Michelle , Witzel Mollie , Godbout Jonathan P.
Published: October 2022

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with chronic psychiatric complications and increased risk for development of neurodegenerative pathology. Aged individuals account for most TBI-related hospitalizations and deaths. Nonetheless, neurobiological mechanisms that underlie worsened functional outcomes after TBI in the elderly remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify pathways that govern differential responses to TBI with age. Here, adult (2 months of age) and aged (16–18 months of age) male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to diffuse brain injury (midline fluid percussion), and cognition, gliosis, and neuroinflammation were determined 7 or 30 d postinjury (dpi). Cognitive impairment was evident 7 dpi, independent of age. There was enhanced morphologic restructuring of microglia and astrocytes 7 dpi in the cortex and hippocampus of aged mice compared with adults. Transcriptional analysis revealed robust age-dependent amplification of cytokine/chemokine, complement, innate immune, and interferon-associated inflammatory gene expression in the cortex 7 dpi. Ingenuity pathway analysis of the transcriptional data showed that type I interferon (IFN) signaling was significantly enhanced in the aged brain after TBI compared with adults. Age prolonged inflammatory signaling and microgliosis 30 dpi with an increased presence of rod microglia. Based on these results, a STING (stimulator of interferon genes) agonist, DMXAA, was used to determine whether augmenting IFN signaling worsened cortical inflammation and gliosis after TBI. DMXAA-treated Adult-TBI mice showed comparable expression of myriad genes that were overexpressed in the cortex of Aged-TBI mice, includingIrf7,Clec7a,Cxcl10, andCcl5. Overall, diffuse TBI promoted amplified IFN signaling in aged mice, resulting in extended inflammation and gliosis.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTElderly individuals are at higher risk of complications following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Individuals >70 years old have the highest rates of TBI-related hospitalization, neurodegenerative pathology, and death. Although inflammation has been linked with poor outcomes in aging, the specific biological pathways driving worsened outcomes after TBI in aging remain undefined. In this study, we identify amplified interferon-associated inflammation and gliosis in aged mice following TBI that was associated with persistent inflammatory gene expression and microglial morphologic diversity 30 dpi. STING (stimulator of interferon genes) agonist DMXAA was used to demonstrate a causal link between augmented interferon signaling and worsened neuroinflammation after TBI. Therefore, interferon signaling may represent a therapeutic target to reduce inflammation-associated complications following TBI.
Common Application of EU Regulations and Their Effectiveness in the Context of the CJEU Judgment in the Case of SS v. MCP, C-603/20 PPU
Authors: Bagan-Kurluta Katarzyna , Klimach Anna
Published: October 2022

International child abduction is a problem, seen as growing, and increasingly as an activity that should be ruthlessly stigmatized and, if possible, eliminated from practice. The objectives of reducing, stigmatizing and ultimately eliminating international child abduction are served by a variety of measures within the framework of the Hague Conference on Private International Law and the European Union, including the creation of some sort of rapid response system. In the context of the operation of this combined system, in November 2020, the Court of Justice of the European Union received a preliminary question from the UK High Court of Justice (England & Wales), Family Division, in relation to doubts arising in the course of newly instituted court proceedings concerning jurisdiction in parental matters in situations of child abduction to a third, non-EU country. The issue is important as it relates to the possibility of initiating proceedings in the country from which the child has been abducted when the country to which the child has travelled is not in the EU.
Parentage of Same-Sex Persons in the Jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union – Commentary to the Judgment of CJEU of 14.12.2021, C-490/20
Authors: Wojewoda Michał
Published: October 2022

In its judgment of 14 December 2021, the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled that in the case of a child who is a Union citizen and whose birth certificate, issued in the host Member State, designates as that child’s parents two persons of the same sex, the Member State of which that child is a national is obliged (i) to issue to that child an identity card or a passport without requiring a birth certificate to be drawn up beforehand by its national authorities, and (ii) to recognise the document from the host Member State that permits that child to exercise, with each of those two persons, the child’s right to move and reside freely within the EU territory. In its commentary, the author supports the CJEU ruling, observing that it continues the line of reasoning adopted in the Coman case of 2018. The Court attempts to strike a balance between the EU freedoms and the necessity to respect the national identity of Member States that are free to shape their family law without accepting the liberal concepts such us parentage of same-sex persons or homosexual marriages. Additionally, when wondering about the consequences of the ruling for Poland, the author puts forward a thesis that the current practice of Polish organs, resulting from the resolution of the Supreme Administrative Court of 2 December 2019, is consistent with the EU law. Although children of Polish nationality, with same-sex parents, cannot expect their foreign birth records to be transcribed into the civil status register in Poland, they may nevertheless obtain a Polish identity card or passport.
Los procedimientos de cita directa y su adecuación al tipo de discurso
Authors: Estévez-Rionegro Noelia
Published: October 2022

Los procedimientos de cita directa en el español contemporáneo, desde un punto de vista discursivo, han sido analizados, generalmente, tomando como base empírica contextos específicos o variantes concretas de la lengua, de modo que existen diversos estudios que atienden a determinadas variedades de la lengua oral y de la lengua escrita, pero ninguno que englobe las dos modalidades en sus distintas posibilidades y las contraste entre sí. El propósito de este trabajo es analizar la estructura formal del estilo directo en función del contexto discursivo, a partir de un amplio corpus de ejemplos que acoge muestras de discurso oral, teatral, periodístico y narrativo en español peninsular e hispanoamericano. Los resultados obtenidos permiten establecer una tipología de variantes del estilo directo prototípico para cada tipo de discurso, así como determinadas características de las construcciones que no solo las distinguen como clase en función del tipo de discurso, sino también, y principalmente, en función de la modalidad lingüística oral o escrita. A grandes rasgos, se puede determinar que el contexto condiciona o, al menos, influye en la configuración formal de las construcciones, la posición de sus miembros y los verbos o fórmulas empleados como introductores de la cita.
Role of pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - a historical perspective
Authors: Stavarache Ioan Emanuel , Buculei Ioana , Cernomaz Andrei , Vicol Cristina , Crișan Dabija Radu Adrian , Trofor Antigona Carmen
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Pulmonary rehabilitation is known as an effective therapy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This article is a brief introduction into the history of medical and pulmonary rehabilitation, presenting the evolution of applied therapies and methods from ancient to present times. It also highlights the role of physical effort in the prevention and treatment of lung diseases, with special consideration to COPD.

Methods. For this literature review, the international databases Medline and Scopus were used to identify relevant articles, between January 1981 to December 2021; eighty articles were considered: thirty-six reviews, eight original research and six general articles which met the criteria for inclusion. A total of thirty references were excluded because they were not relevant.

Results. Available published data suggest a rich history of rehabilitation reaching for thousands of years even though it was developed as a medical branch only in the 20th century. Pulmonary rehabilitation is currently an important component of the management of COPD patients, with a positive impact on symptoms, frequency of exacerbations, severity and mortality rates.

Conclusions. Even though this type of intervention is known to be beneficial for this type of patients more studies need to be conducted in this field.
Populist Attitudes and Voting: Does Populist Voters vote for New Political Parties? (The Case of 2016 Seimas Elections?)
Authors: Skirkevičius Paulius
Published: October 2022

Concerming the success of new/renewed political parties in Lithuania, quite often they are labelled as populist ones .This article seeks to answer the question – do populist attitudes of individuals could be variables that explains voting for new political parties? Firstly, we analyze the structure of populist attitudes in Lithunia. The analysis using attitudes measures suggested by CSES revealed that these attitudes fits theorectical expectations quite well. Two dimensions of populist attitudes can be distinguished – anti-elitism and the one concerning peoples role in politics. Futher analysis of electoral behavior, that populist attitudes does not explain voting for the new political party, other variables such as political support/trust does explain it better. However the analysis is limited to one elections and one political party, so the conclusions should be considered with caution and further analysis is needed.
Effect of biochar use as a substrate on granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) growth parameters
Authors: Puentes-Escobar Tatiana Camila , Rodríguez-Carlosama Adalberto , López Camilo Andrés
Published: October 2022

The impact of biochar on soils has been demonstrated, including its improvements of physical, chemical, and biological properties that promote agricultural production. This study aims to evaluate the effect of biochar on the growth of granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) seedlings. For this research, biochar was obtained from the pyrolysis of agricultural waste in a conical flame curtain reactor at temperatures between 400ºC and 500ºC for 90 min. The different biomasses used consisted of cholupa (Passiflora maliformis L.) fruit shells, residues of guamo (Inga spuria) wood, coffee (Coffea arabica L.) husks, and rice (Oryza sativa L.) husks. The biochar produced was mixed with Jiffy® brand peat in doses of 5%, 10%, and 20% (v/v) for each of the four types of biochar, with a control of 100% peat. For each treatment, 100 seedlings were planted, taking 12 random samples of each at 43, 57, and 71 d after sowing. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Levene test, followed by a factorial analysis of variance, evaluating variables such as dry weight, root length, leaf number, stem diameter, and chlorophyll index. The biochar obtained from the coffee husk promoted further growth, but its effectiveness decreased at a concentration of 20%.
Plant growth and phosphorus uptake of coffee seedlings through mycorrhizal inoculation
Authors: González-Osorio Hernán , Góngora Botero Carmenza Esther , Jaramillo Padilla Sandra Patricia , Osorio Walter
Published: October 2022

Soil phosphorus (P) availability is a limiting factor for coffee seedling growth. Usually, large amounts of P fertilizers are required, generating nutritional imbalance, increasing production costs, and raising environmental concerns in water pollution. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can enhance plant P uptake and growth and reduce the dose of P fertilizers. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in a substrate containing Paleudult soil and quartz sand, with low level of soluble P (1 mg kg-1), to establish the effect of AMF inoculation with Rhizoglomus fasciculatum on coffee (Coffea arabica L. cv. Colombia) seedlings growth and P uptake under three levels of P in soil solution (0.002, 0.02, and 0.2 mg L-1). AMF colonization was significantly reduced when contents of P in solution increased. Shoot dry weight and P foliar concentration were increased by the AMF inoculation when soil P in solution was 0.02 mg L-1; these effects were lower at 0.2 mg L-1 and null at 0.002 mg L-1 P. Results showed that AMF inoculation can play an important role in the growth of coffee seedlings as long as the content P in soil solution maintains intermediate level. At the lowest P level, the response of coffee seedlings to AMF inoculation was ineffective, while at the highest level, AMF application was unnecessary for coffee growth.
Altitude as a determinant of fruit quality with emphasis on the Andean tropics of Colombia. A review.
Authors: Fischer Gerhard , Parra-Coronado Alfonso , Balaguera-López Helber Enrique
Published: October 2022

Due to global warming, the highlands of the tropics have become more important for planting fruit trees. The climate at high altitudes is mainly characterized by decreased temperatures and increased solar radiation. A systematic literature review using four bibliographic databases revealed 22 studies that determined fruit quality at two altitudes. With increasing altitude, duration of fruit development was prolonged, and, in most cases, higher fresh weights and sizes were found; however, fruit firmness decreased. The intensity of the fruit color increased because of greater radiation in high areas. Mostly, the total soluble solids of the fleshy fruits augmented with altitude, probably because of an increase in photosynthesis with higher solar radiation. The total acidity did not show a clear trend with increasing elevations. At higher altitudes, the content of antioxidants (mainly phenolics) increased in the fruits, especially in the epidermis as a reaction to the increasing ultraviolet (UV) light. Physiological disorders in the fruits included sunburn and damage caused by low temperatures. Different species and varieties react differently to the conditions of highlands, depending on their origin and whether climatic conditions are optimal for a specific fruit tree. There are no positive effects on fruit quality when altitude is at the limit or above the recommended range for the fruit species.
Genetic improvement of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes selected for resistance to chocolate spot disease
Authors: Heiba Hany Elsayed , Mahgoub Elsayed , Mahmoud Ahmed , Ibrahim Mostafa , Mahdy Ehab Mawad Badr
Published: October 2022

Inter-varietal hybridization is a powerful tool for genetic improvement and production of new genotypes for a trait of interest. Four parents of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) were hybridized using agromorphological and molecular characterization to obtain genotypes resistant to the chocolate spot disease. The study was done at the Nubaria Research Station, Giza, Egypt. Eight traits including resistance to chocolate spot, days to flowering, plant height (cm), number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/plant, 100-seed weight (g), and seed yield/plant were estimated during the three growth seasons of 2016/2017, 2017/2018, and 2018/2019. Genetic parameters revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers assessed the genetic variation of genotypes with their generations. Crosses 1 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P2 “Sakha-1”), 2 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P3 “T.W”), and 3 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P4 “Camolina”) revealed high resistance to disease with high yield. Markers patterned specific loci of resistant parents at a length of 360, 470, 450, 660, and 140 bp in RAPD and 1100, 810, 650, 700, 480 bp in ISSR. Inter-varietal hybridization between the resistant and susceptible genotypes is considered one of the most promising methods to obtain germplasm with resistance and high yield.
The oil palm cadastre in Colombia
Authors: Rincón-Romero Victor Orlando , Molina-Villarreal Angie , Zabala-Quimbayo Andrea , Barrera-Agudelo Osmar Ricardo , Torres-León Jorge Luis
Published: October 2022

This article describes the process of constructing a model of the geographic information management for the cultivation of oil palm in Colombia. Due to the need to collect, store, update, and analyze data from planted areas in the country, it was necessary to rely on the soft systems model to propose an information system structure that would respond to the needs of accounting for planted areas and to be able to integrate such information with other strategic data for the oil palm sector. This research developed a database model on which the geographic data related to the Colombian planted area of palm oil has been stored for over ten years. The geographic model has allowed creating new information at various territorial scales, integrated with phytosanitary data important for regional crop management. The integration of a web-based platform has positioned the oil palm cadastre as a consultation service for users working in various roles in the oil palm industry, as a reliable geographical bank of information, available to other oil palm project agribusinesses.
Critical dilution curves for calcium, magnesium, and sulfur in potato (Solanum tuberosum L. Group Andigenum) cultivars Diacol Capiro and Pastusa Suprema
Authors: Castellanos Ruiz Kristal , Gómez Sánchez Manuel Iván , Rodríguez Molano Luis Ernesto
Published: October 2022

Diagnostic tools must be developed to optimize the management of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S) in potato crops. This research aimed to develop the critical dilution curves for Ca, Mg, and S in potato (Solanum tuberosum L. Group Andigenum), establishing harvest indices and characterizing the nutrient relationships. Four field experiments were established in two growth cycles in the localities of Facatativá (high fertility soils) and Chocontá (low fertility soils) in Colombia. Two cultivars (Diacol Capiro and Pastusa Suprema) and two levels of fertilization (0 and 100% of macro and micronutrients) were evaluated. The dry biomass and Ca, Mg, and S concentration in tubers and aerial parts were measured from the formation of main stems until tuber maturation; this information was used to calculate the critical concentrations (Cac, Mgc, Sc), harvest indices, and nutrient correlations. The critical curves established were for Capiro: Cac = 1.7326W-0.2956, Mgc = 0.7191W-0.2803, Sc = 0.6461W-0.3904 and for Suprema: Cac = 1.523W-0.2559, Mgc = 0.6507W-0.236, Sc = 0.7669W-0.3932. Critical levels were established for five phenological stages. Capiro had a higher accumulation of Ca, Mg, and S in the tubers independently of locality, while Suprema had better performance in Chocontá. The accumulation of mineral nutrients in the tubers followed the order Ca<Mg<S. Capiro was a genotype with greater Ca-Mg-S uptake and better adaptation to locations. The Cac, Mgc and Sc curves provided a tool to carry out the nutritional diagnoses at critical stages of development and they are the first ones reported for potato of Group Andigenum.
Cantando y bailando se armoniza el territorio: aproximación a cantos y bailes de los Miraña desde el clan Neebaje
Authors: Miraña Elio
Published: October 2022

En este artículo procuro explicar el papel de los cantos y bailes Miraña como elementos para armonizar las relaciones entre la gente, los espíritus y el Creador. Intentaré mostrar que la celebración de bailes va más allá de la expresión meramente estética, del goce personal y de las relaciones interpersonales, para constituirse en expresiones rituales de armonización del territorio. El texto se basa en las historias que me han contado los mayores, así como en mi propia experiencia al participar en distintas iniciativas de fortalecimiento de la lengua y cultura Miraña, aprendiendo y enseñando mientras se canta y se baila. Finalizo con una reflexión sobre el sueño de fortalecer nuestra cultura y algún día regresar a nuestro territorio tradicional.
Sostenibilidad y gobernanza ambiental. Análisis crítico del discurso de desarrollo sostenible planteado en la política pública sobre calidad del aire en Bogotá (2010-2020)
Authors: Paniagua Rios Joleth , Vélez Pliego Francisco
Published: October 2022

La creciente preocupación global por la calidad del aire vino a materializarse en el caso bogotano en el Plan Decenal de Descontaminación del Aire para Bogotá (2010-2020). No obstante su importancia para el término del periodo propuesto, la política tenía un grado de ejecución muy bajo. En el presente artículo se buscará comprender el componente discursivo del documento y de esta manera establecer la relación entre este y los resultados de la política. Lo anterior a través de la metodología del análisis crítico del discurso conducido por medio de dos conceptos fundamentales: el desarrollo sostenible y la gobernanza ambiental. Los hallazgos preliminares de la investigación dan cuenta de un modelo discursivo que responde a los planteamientos generales de la política pública ambiental del país, aunque no necesariamente a las discusiones más recientes sobre desarrollo sostenible y gobernanza ambiental.
Agua, colaboración y bienes de uso común, más allá de lo humano. Aprendizajes en el borde sur de Bogotá
Authors: Palacio Tamayo Dolly Cristina
Published: October 2022

A partir de una experiencia de investigación colaborativa para la gestión del agua en el borde urbano-rural del sur de Bogotá, se comparten algunos aprendizajes de una red de práctica, para hacer apuntes sobre la noción de “gobernanza de los comunes” que va más allá de la definición del agua como un bien de uso común, para proponer una perspectiva en la que el agua es el hilo conductor de una práctica del trabajador social como mediador de un proceso de activación de conciencia ecológica con grupos que colaboran, desde una ética relacional, que se nutre de principios como el afecto, la solidaridad, la reciprocidad, la confianza y el cuidado del otro, como ruta hacia la sostenibilidad de la vida.
First record of the stink bug genus Ochrophara Stål, 1871 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) from Japan
Authors: Souma Jun , Ishikawa Tadashi
Published: October 2022

The stink bug genus Ochrophara Stål, 1871 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae, Sephelini) is dis-tributed in the Oriental Region, including southern China; however, no species has been recorded in Japan. To date, O. chinensis Zheng & Liu, 1987 has only been reported in China. In the present study, Ochrophara and O. chinensis were recorded in Japan for the first time based on materials from Okinawa and Ishigaki islands of the Ryukyu Islands. Oki-nawa Island is the northernmost locality for this genus. The species was attracted to artificial light on Okinawa Island.
Distribution of Nemipterus marginatus (Valenciennes, 1830) (Nemipteridae, Perciformes) in the estuary and coastal areas of North Central, Vietnam 
Authors: Thao Hoang Ngoc , Thu Trinh Thi , Ha Le Thi , Ly Nguyen Thi , Hong Dao Thi
Published: October 2022

We provide data on morphological characteristics and the distribution of the nemipterid fish Nemipterus marginatus (Valenciennes, 1830) in the estuary and coastal area of Thanh Hoa province, North Central Vietnam. This is also a clear location record for the distribution of this species in the North Central region compared to previous studies, and a new record for the study area.
La lucha del hombre contra el pecado. Exégesis de Rom. 7,14-25
Authors: Varo Francisco
Published: October 2022

I.-El «yo» en el capítulo séptimo de la Epístola a los Romanos. 1. Diversas interpretaciones: a) El hombre en general; b) El hombre bajo la ley; c) Las interpretaciones de San Agustín; d) El hombre bajo la gracia. 2. Algunas consideraciones a raíz de una controversia: a) ¿Quién es el «yo»?; b) Volviendo al Génesis. II.-Exégesis de Rom 7,14-25. 1. El pecado habita en mí, esto es, en mi carne. 2. La dificultad de obrar el bien. 3. Libertad y lucha contra el pecado. 4. El hombre interior y el hombre exterior.
Los dictámenes sobre el manuscrito
Authors: Lanzetti Raúl
Published: October 2022

SUMARIO: I. INTRODUCCION AL TEMA Y PRIMERA APROXIMACION A ESTOS MANUSCRITOS: 1. Las «Lectiones variae in Cathechismum» del Cardenal Sirleto: Cod. Vat. Lat 6146, ff. 70-204. 2. Las «Notationes in Tractatu de Símbolo», de autor anónimo: Cod. Vat. Lat 6212, f. 372. II. EL «DICTAMEN» FRAGMENTO DEL BORRADOR DEL DICTAMEN DE SIRLETO Y VITTORI SOBRE LA IV PARTE DEL CATECISMO ROMANO Y SOBRE EL 7º PRECEPTO DEL DECÁLOGO: 1. El fragmento sobre el 7º precepto. 2. Las anotaciones sobre el «Desacramentis». 3. Características comunes a las anotaciones del Dictamen. 3. IV. EL DICTAMEN 4: LA SEGUNDA SERIE DE ANOTACIONES O DICTAMEN GENERAL SOBRE EL CATECISMO ROMANO: 1. Estructura del Dictamen. 2. Momento de su composición. 3. Las principales características del Dictamen. 4. A modo de balance. V: EL DICTAMEN: 5: DICTAMEN TEOLOGICO SOBRE EL SIMBOLO.
El manuscrito original
Authors: Rodríguez Pedro
Published: October 2022

SUMARIO: I. PEQUEÑA HISTORIA DE UN DESCUBRIMIENTO. II. EL CODICE VAT. LAT. 4994: 1. Situación del Códice en la Biblioteca Vaticana. 2. Las dos grandes unidades redaccionales del códice: el manuscrito definitivo y la primera redacción o borrador del Catecismo Romano. 3. Características redaccionales del manuscrito definitivo. 4. Características redaccionales del borrador del Catecismo Romano. III. COMPARACIÓN CRITICA DE AMBOS MANUSCRITOS: 1. La compartimentación del texto en los manuscritos. 2. Estudios de los «marginalia» de ambos manuscritos. IV. LUZ SOBRE TRES CUESTIONES DISCUTIDAS: 1. El problema de la cláusula ambrosiana. 2. La cláusula «ex quo» del comentario a la Confirmación. 3. El «Ave María» en el Catecismo Romano. V. DOS SERIES DISTINTAS DE LA EDICIÓN PRÍNCIPE DEL CATECISMO ROMANO, O EL ENIGMA DE LA CLÁUSULA «VERUM UT HAE». VI. LOS DICTAMENES INCLUIDOS EN EL CODCE VAT. LAT. 4994. VII. EL CODICE MILANES DEL CATECISMO ROMANO: LA COPIA MANUSCRITA ENTREGADA A SAN CARLOS BORROMEO: 1. Localización y primera descripción. 2. Compartimentación y secuencia del texto. 3-Los «marginalia» del manuscrito de Milán. 4. Relación con el Cod.Vat.Lat 4994.5.Consideración final de la copia milanesa.
Los «epikaloúmenoi» de 1 Cor 1,2, directores y sacerdotes de la comunidad cristiana en Corinto
Authors: Guerra Manuel
Published: October 2022

SUMARIO: 1. Aclaraciones preliminares y marco. 2. Significados en los documentos extrablíbicos. 3. En los escritos bíblicos (Antiguo y Nuevo Testamento). 4. Los «invocadores», de 1 Cor 1,2. 5. La primitiva comunidad cristiana de Corinto ¿modelo de comunidad carismática? 6. Conclusiones.
Teología de la liberación. Análisis de su método
Authors: Illanes José Luis
Published: October 2022

SUMARIO: l. Aproximación a la génesis de un planteamiento. 2. Una nueva manera de hacer teología. 3. Conocer teológico y mediación socioanalítica. 3. El pobre, principio hermenéutico de la historia. 5. De la hermenéutica de la historia a la hermenéutica del Evangelio. 6. Praxis y realización de la verdad. 7. De la gnoseología a la metafísica. 8. A modo de epílogo.
Visión de conjunto de la mística nupcial en el Apocalipsis
Authors: Feuillet André
Published: October 2022

1. Introducción. 2. La mística nupcial en los últimos capítulos del Apocalipsis. a) La Esposa del Cordero; b) El Esposo: el Cordero inmolado y triunfante). 3. La estructura del Apocalipsis y las anticipaciones de la mística nupcial. a) Primera anticipación: la invitación al banquete en la sección de las cartas (3,20); b) Segunda anticipación: el triunfo de los elegidos de 7,9-17 situado en el contexto del septenario de los sellos; c) El anuncio de la vida de la Iglesia en Ap 12-20,10 Y las dos anticipaciones de las Bodas del Cordero en 12, 1-6 Y 14, 1-5). 4. Conclusión general: El esplendor sobrenatural de la Iglesia, Esposa del Cordero.
La Encarnación del Verbo y la corporeidad humana
Authors: Casciaro José María
Published: October 2022

1. INTRODUCCIÓN.- 2. LA ANUNCIACIÓN A MARÍA: Lc 1,26-38. a) La cuestión critica textual; b) Traducción española de Lc 1,26-38; c) Observaciones de critica textual; d) Estudio bíblico-antropológico de Lc 1,26-38.- 3. LA CONCEPCIÓN VIRGINAL Y EL NACIMIENTO DE JESÚS: Mt 1,18-25. a) Introducción; b) Traducción española de Mt 1,18-25; c) Observaciones criticas al texto de Mt 1,18-25; d) La corporeidad en el relato del Nacimiento de Jesús en Mt 1,18-25; e) La función de San José en Mt 1, 18-25.
La mediación de Cristo en su Pasión
Authors: O'Callaghan Paul
Published: October 2022

1. LA DIVISIÓN DE LOS MODOS CAUSALES. 2. LOS MODOS CONSTITUTIVOS: MÉRITO, SATISFACCIÓN, SACRIFICIO. 3. LOS MODOS CONSECUTIVOS. a) Finalidad de redención; b) Finalidad de eficiencia; c) Las relaciones entre mérito y eficiencia instrumental en Cristo. 4. RESUMEN. 5. EPÍLOGO.
La justificación en los comentarios de Pelagio, Lutero y Santo Tomás a la epístola a los Romanos
Authors: Basevi Claudio
Published: October 2022

1. El Concilio de Trento y el decreto De iustificatione. 2. Interpretación tomista de los principales textos de Rom. sobre la justificación: 1) Rom 1, 16-17, la ira y la justicia de Dios; 2) Rom 2, 14: los paganos y el cumplimiento de la Ley; 3) Rom 3, 20: la justificación y las «obras» de la Ley; 4) Rom 3, 21- 22: la justificación por la fe en Jesucristo; 5) Rom 3, 28: la ley de las obras y la ley de la fe; 6) Rom 4, 2-8: la justificación de Abrahán; 7) Rom 5, 12: la justificación y el pecado original; 8) Rom 7, 18-19: justificación y lucha contra el pecado; 9) Rom 10, 3: justicia propia y justicia de Dios; 10) Rom 10, 13-17: justificación y fides ex auditu. 3. Conclusiones
El cristiano en el mundo (Análisis del vocabulario en los sermones de John Henry Newman)
Authors: Illanes José Luis
Published: October 2022

1. El mundo como tentación y como realidad de pecado. 2. Mundo y mentalidad mundana. 3. El cristiano en el mundo. 4. Testimonio y responsabilidad. 5. El mundo y la Iglesia. 6. Tiempo y cercanía a Cristo. 7. A modo de conclusión o epílogo.