bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combined Approach to the Choice of Chromatographic Methods for Routine Determination of Hederacoside C in Ivy Leaf Extracts, Capsules, and Syrup
Authors: Bezruk Ivan , Kotvitska Alla , Korzh Iuliia , Materiienko Anna , Gubar Svitlana , Budanova Liana , Ivanauskas Liudas , Vyshnevsky Igor , Georgiyants Victoriya
Published: May 2020

Developed methods for routine analysis of medicines should be considered in terms of analytical efficiency, economic cost, as well as their environmental impact. Different chromatographic methods for the routine quantitative analysis of hederacoside C in ivy leaf extract and its original dosage forms (capsules and syrup) are developed. The performance of HPLC and UPLC methods should be done using ACE C18 (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5.0 μm) and ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) columns, respectively, and both of them require a mixture of water and acetonitrile in the ratio 71/29 as a mobile phase. The HPTLC procedure is carried out using the stationary phase pre-coated silica gel 60 F254 glass sheets and a mixture of anhydrous formic acid/acetone/methanol/ethyl acetate (4:20:20:30 v/v). The most suitable conditions of preparation for each sample are established, for instance, the solid-phase extraction (SPE) for the analysis of syrup is applied. Analytical methods are compered by analytical accuracy, calculation of expenses, and assessment of their influence on ecology. All methods are recognized as accurate, precise, and reliable. However, the assessment of the environmental impact shows that HPTLC is the less green method. On the another hand, it is found to be the cheapest, the costs of performing HPTLC are 2.3 and 1.6 times lower than for HPLC and UPLC, respectively.
Welcome to Canada: Why Are Family Emergency Shelters ‘Home’ for Recent Newcomers?
Authors: Milaney Katrina , Tremblay Rosaele , Bristowe Sean , Ramage Kaylee
Published: May 2020

Although Canada is recognized internationally as a leader in immigration policy, supports are not responsive to the traumatic experiences of many newcomers. Many mothers and children arriving in Canada are at elevated risk of homelessness. Methods: This study utilized a community-engaged design, grounded in a critical analysis of gender and immigration status. We conducted individual and group interviews with a purposive sample of 18 newcomer mothers with current or recent experiences with homelessness and with 16 service providers working in multiple sectors. Results: Three main themes emerged: gendered and racialized pathways into homelessness; system failures, and pre- and post-migration trauma. This study revealed structural barriers rooted in preoccupation with economic success that negate and exacerbate the effects of violence and homelessness. Conclusion: The impacts of structural discrimination and violence are embedded in federal policy. It is critical to posit gender and culturally appropriate alternatives that focus on system issues.
Influences of SNS (Social Network Service) Uses and Musical Consumption on City Branding: A Focus on Broadway, New York and the West End, London
Authors: Won Jongwon , Lee Jong Yoon , Jun Jong Woo
Published: May 2020

This study explored the role the musical industry plays in creating city brand images. The results showed that younger consumers were found to have more favorable visit intentions in New York and London due to their image as musical cities. Instagram users wanted to visit New York, but Twitter users had negative visit intentions in New York. Sensation-seeking orientation toward musicals influenced visit intention in New York. Broadway familiarity was linked to visit intention. In London, only sensation-seeking orientation influenced visit intention. Uses of SNS did not influence London visit intention and West End familiarity was not related to London visit intention. These results could provide academic and managerial implications for city branding.
Investigating the Impact of Delivery System Design on the Efficacy of Self-Amplifying RNA Vaccines
Authors: Anderluzzi Giulia , Lou Gustavo , Gallorini Simona , Brazzoli Michela , Johnson Russell , O’Hagan Derek T. , Baudner Barbara C. , Perrie Yvonne
Published: May 2020

messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines combine the positive attributes of both live-attenuated and subunit vaccines. In order for these to be applied for clinical use, they require to be formulated with delivery systems. However, there are limited in vivo studies which compare different delivery platforms. Therefore, we have compared four different cationic platforms: (1) liposomes, (2) solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), (3) polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) and (4) emulsions, to deliver a self-amplifying mRNA (SAM) vaccine. All formulations contained either the non-ionizable cationic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) or dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDA) and they were characterized in terms of physico-chemical attributes, in vitro transfection efficiency and in vivo vaccine potency. Our results showed that SAM encapsulating DOTAP polymeric nanoparticles, DOTAP liposomes and DDA liposomes induced the highest antigen expression in vitro and, from these, DOTAP polymeric nanoparticles were the most potent in triggering humoral and cellular immunity among candidates in vivo.
Canine Epithelial Skin Tumours: Expression of the Stem Cell Markers Lgr5, Lgr6 and Sox9 in Light of New Cancer Stem Cell Theories
Authors: Bongiovanni Laura , Brachelente Chiara , Moreno Eva , Welle Monika M.
Published: May 2020

Evidence is accumulating that tumour development is driven by cancer stem cells (CSCs). In order to understand the presence and potential contribution of stem cells (SCs) as tumour-initiating cells in canine cutaneous tumours, we selected three putative SC markers (Lgr5, Lgr6 and Sox9) and investigated their expression pattern, level of protein and mRNA expression, in 43 canine hair follicle (HF) and 18 canine cutaneous epidermal tumours by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR, using normal skin samples as controls. Lgr5 protein expression was not detected in epidermal and HF tumours; however, Lgr5 mRNA overexpression was evident in some HF tumours. Sox9 was expressed in several tumour cases, both at the protein and mRNA level. The Lgr6 antibody tested was not suitable for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples, but Lgr6 gene showed higher expression in several samples of both HF and epidermal tumours compared with normal skin. Significantly higher mRNA expression levels of the three SC markers were found in trichoblastomas (TB) compared with basal cell carcinomas (BCC). The present results indicated that canine HF and epidermal tumours might have common tumour-initiating cells. The mRNA expression of the three selected SC markers, especially Lgr5, could be potentially useful in the distinction between canine TB and BCC.
Fatma Aliye’nin Romanlarındaki Erkek Kahramanlar Üzerine
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Zeliha
Published: May 2020

Fatma Aliye Hanım romanlarında kadınlar açısından Osmanlı toplumu içerisinde problem olarak görülen konulara yer verir. Bu konular genel itibari ile evlilik, eş seçimi, boşanma hakkı, eğitim ve çalışma hayatı gibi konulardır. Fatma Aliye Hanım bu başlıklar etrafındaki problemleri romanlarında kadın kahramanların hikâyeleri üzerinden anlatmıştır. Kadın kahramanlar bu problemler etrafında tasvir edilirken bir yandan da eril düzende görünme çabası göstermektedirler. Fatma Aliye Hanım bu kadın kahramanlarını ve hikâyelerini görünür hale getirmek için erkek kahramanlarını belirli bakış açılarına göre şekillendirmiştir. Bu tek boyutlu erkek kahramanlar kadın için kimi zaman problemli olan alanları yaratan kahramanlar iken kimi zaman da bu problemleri aşmak üzere kadına yol gösterici işlev üstlenen kahramanlardır. Bu erkek kahramanların yarattığı dünyalar ve problemler kadın kahramanların serüvenini ortaya çıkarmak adına önem arz etmektedir. Çalışma, kadınların ana kahraman seçildiği Fatma Aliye Hanım romanlarında erkek kahramanların kurgulanışını ve bu kurguların kadın kahramanın serüvenine olan katkısını merkeze alarak bunların hem toplumsal hem edebi metin düzeyinde ürettiği anlamı çözümlemeyi hedeflemiştir.
Double Trisomy 48,XXY,+21 in a Neonate with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Bijanzadeh Mahdi , Rajaei Behbahani Shahram
Published: May 2020

Double trisomy 48, XXY, +21 or Down-Klinefelter syndrome is a rare occurrence and presents clinical manifestation of trisomy 21 in early life and of Klinefelter syndrome after 10 months of age. The phenotypic and karyotyping characteristics of a 2-month-old boy were reported. He had mild clinical feature of Down syndrome and echocardiographic features of atrioventricular (AV) septal defects with severe pulmonary valve stenosis.
Lifestyle of Ancient Maruthaa People
Authors: R Sankar
Published: May 2020

The life of the ancient Tamil people belonging to various community groups is based upon five different land forms. Their life is based on the Mountains, later they created new forest land and developed that forest in to Paalai and Neydhal field in their respective highs and lows. The people those lived in Paalai and Neydhal were the leaders of that particular land. Similarly, Uzhavan and Uzathiyar were the leaders of the Marutham land. The ancient literature also depicts that there were other people belonging to Kalamar, Thozhuvar, Mallar, Kambalar, Vinaingar, Uzhavar, Kadaingar, Kilainger, Sidhalar and Mezhiyar lived in the Marutham land. This article mainly focuses on the lifestyle, cultural movements and occupations of the ancient people and also tries to find out if there is any discrimination based on the casteism among the ancient population.
La investigación acción participativa (IAP), como herramienta para identificar la gestión de la calidad docente
Authors: Garcia Morales Alvis José , Gonzalez Ten Meer Caroll Lisette
Published: May 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en el estudio de la Gestión de la calidad académica docente mediante la Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP), basándose en el análisis crítico y documental del pensamiento referido a los autores, González (2013), Hurtado (2012), McKernan (2001), Dos santos y Sánchez (2001) a través de los cuales reflexionan sobre la necesidad de impulsar la IAP considerando el ámbito educativo como la base fundamental para un aprendizaje dialógico e interpretativo de la gestión del docente, y poder tomar conciencia de la calidad académica que se dicta dentro de los diferentes ambientes de aprendizaje. Para lograr dicha aplicación se debe destacar que el principio más importante de la teoría del conocimiento es el tratar los hechos sociales como cosas, como objetos del conocimiento. Los datos basados en la observación y en experimentos son necesarios para su comprensión Durkheim (1982), por lo que se resalta para alcanzar la humanización y la transformación de los saberes, ser auténticos y revestidos de acción, amor, humildad, por lo que se acentúa que el individuo cuenta con capacidades propias de un ser pensante y autocritico para cambiar la realidad. Se finaliza reflexionando que nuevos tiempos implican nuevas exigencias, por lo cual la gestión del docente para una calidad académica no se está dando, ya que muchos en sus ambientes continúan con la misma rutina diaria. Su desempeño se basa en estrategias e instrumentos que hacen de su desempeño una monotonía, ocasionando una reducción a descubrir el beneficio de aprender a pensar.
Gerencia estratégica como herramienta de transformación en la gestión educativa
Authors: Zurita Iris
Published: May 2020

La  investigación tiene como propósito transformar las concepciones que poseen los docentes sobre  los procesos administrativos y educativos de la Escuela Bolivariana Manuel Vicente Cuervo a través de los principios de la gerencia participativa. Para ello se utilizó la modalidad de investigación acción como método,  con la coparticipación de 21 actores sociales, conformados por 19 docentes y dos coordinadores quienes se integraron a los procesos de diagnóstico, diseño, ejecución y evaluación de la propuesta. La investigación se fundamenta bajo la concepción del paradigma sociocrítico, que surge en respuesta a las tradiciones positivistas e interpretativas que han tenido poca influencia en la transformación social. Para realizar el diagnóstico y valoración de los resultados de las acciones aplicadas se utilizaron técnicas tales como; el diagnóstico rápido participativo y  la observación, mediante instrumentos; registros y escalas de observación. Se elaboró y ejecutó un plan de acción para transformar  la participación de los docentes dentro de los procesos de gestión educativa mediante la potenciación de herramientas basadas en la gerencia estratégica.
Desarrollo personal y manejo asertivo de emociones en estudiantes
Authors: Roque Díaz Raemy
Published: May 2020

Se  procuró contribuir en la transformación de un grupo de estudiantes de sexto grado en relación a lo planteado, debido que presentan inconvenientes para relacionarse asertivamente con sus compañeros, originándose así en el ambiente de aprendizaje comportamientos que no le permiten explotar al máximo sus capacidades. Se aborda desde la teoría crítica e investigación acción participativa para promover la transformación de los participantes, mediante la aplicación de encuentros donde se procura el crecimiento personal, así como fomentar la creatividad y el pensamiento crítico, siendo esta una oportunidad para crecer personal y profesionalmente desde la praxis pedagógica de la orientación educativa. Se evidencia una evolución cognitiva – conductual por parte de los estudiantes de sus emociones, en comparación con el momento inicial de la investigación, sin embargo, es pertinente seguir trabajando con ellos en aras de contribuir al logro de una personalidad asertivamente emocional.
O Sucesso da Revista Científica do Hospital Santa Izabel
Authors: Alves José Antonio
Published: May 2020

Com publicação regular desde 2014, a Revista Científica começou com o título de Revista de Saúde e, hoje, Revista Científica do Hospital Santa Izabel. Desde então, agrega artigos diversos de múltiplos setores do campo da saúde e traduz em material impresso a mesma energia contagiante que os profissionais de saúde da Santa Casa de Misericórdia da Bahia irradiam na prática cotidiana das atividades assistenciais e de ensino e pesquisa. O êxito dessa publicação, que já extrapolou os muros da Santa Casa, devese muito também à atuação de Dr. Gilson Soares Feitosa, diretor de Ensino e Pesquisa do Hospital Santa Izabel (HSI).
Artroplastia Reversa em um Caso de Reabordagem de Cisto Ósseo em Úmero Proximal
Authors: Fraga Lucas , Barros Rogério , Maia Roberto , Santos Marcus , Martins Rodrigo
Published: May 2020

Os cistos ósseos simples são, em regra, assintomáticos e encontrados incidentalmente, embora possam causar dor, edema, rigidez da articulação adjacente ou estarem associados a um quadro de fratura patológica. A curetagem é o modo mais comum de tratamento. O defeito ósseo após curetagem deve ser preenchido com enxertos ósseos ou substitutos, como hidroxiapatita, fosfato tricálcico e cimento. Entretanto, a falha no tratamento pode ser devastadora para o ombro, em decorrência da perda biomecânica da área. Assim, a reconstrução do úmero proximal, após a ressecção do cisto, é um grande desafio para o cirurgião ortopédico. Este caso relata a colocação de uma prótese reversa de ombro (PRO), realizada após a falha do tratamento de um cisto ósseo simples, como uma solução eficiente para a reparação do problema.

 

Simple bone cyst are commonly asymptomatic and incidentally found, although they can cause pain, edema, stiffness of the adjacent joint or be associated with a pathological fracture. Curettage is the most common way of treating simple bone cysts. The bone defect after curettage must be filled with bone grafts or substitutes such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate and cement. However, treatment failure can be devastating for the shoulder, due to the biomechanical loss of the area. Thus, the reconstruction of the proximal humerus after resection of the cyst is a major challenge for the orthopedic surgeon. This case reports the placement of a reverse shoulder prosthesis (PRO), performed after the failure of the treatment of a simple bone cyst, as an efficient solution to the problems related to the failure of treatment for the simple bone cyst.
Técnicas de VATS Uniportal para Ressecção Sublobar e Lobectomia Média: Desenvolvendo Diretrizes
Authors: Oliveira Ricardo
Published: May 2020

Resumo do Artigo: Arthur Vieira, Ricardo Oliveira, Ivan Salgado de Azevedo, Paula Ugalde Figueroa. Developing the guidelines: the techniques of uniportal VATS for sublobar resection and middle lobectomy. Article. Journal of Thoracic Disease Vol 11, Supplement 16 (September 2019).
Ecological analysis of sustainable agrarian development in climate change
Authors: Lopatynskyi Yurii , Halytskyi Andzey
Published: May 2020

Introduction. Ecological factors play an important role in the concept of sustainable development. This role is enhanced in the context of climate change in general and taking into account the sectoral attributes of these changes, in particular. Agriculture and the agricultural sector in general are directly related to the use and impact of natural resources.
The purpose of the study is to outline the elements of sustainable agricultural development on the basis of environmental analysis, which is updated in the context of global climate change.
Results. The ecological components of agricultural development of Ukraine are considered. The main factors of global climate change, including agriculture, which accounts for one third of carbon dioxide emissions, are identified. Based on the method of a comparative analysis, a two-way relationship is established between the impact of agriculture on climate change, on the one hand, and the reverse impact of environmental change on agriculture, on the other hand. Balancing these mutual impacts, potential losses and strategic capabilities is appropriate on the base of the sustainable development concept, taking into account its goals (2016-2030). The need to take into account different views determines the feasibility of developing and implementing a set of measures within the framework of “nationally defined participation”. It is important to outline the prospects for the development of Ukrainian agriculture on the principles of greening, to which we include: institutional self-regulation (independent decision-making) of agricultural entities; reconsideration of agricultural product range and bringing new varieties of plants. Horizontal integration of farms and vertical integration in the agricultural sector within the framework of closed production cycles are also on this list. New perspectives for rural development and agricultural producers are emerging in the context of decentralization and enhancement of the role of integrated territorial communities. It is crucial to create institutional conditions to encourage producers to comply with the requirements of minimizing polluting effects on the environment. Sectoral institutions (professional and interprofessional associations in the agro-food sector) should be effective tools in delegating some of the authorities to regulate the activities of agricultural market entities.
Strategy of infrastructure support of rural green tourism enterprises
Authors: Gakal Tetiana
Published: May 2020

The formation of a strategy for the development of rural green tourism and its infrastructure is an important condition for creating an attractive investment climate in this area, the formation of motivation for rural residents. The purpose of the article is to study the main aspects of building a strategy for infrastructure support of rural green tourism enterprises in modern conditions.
The results of the analysis of the given strategic directions of development of tourist infrastructure show that a small part of the Strategy is devoted to substantiation of future actions of the state for support and development of rural green tourism. The article presents a model of development of local infrastructure of rural green tourism. Rural tourism is an important factor in the development and intensification of depressed areas of rural areas and the fullness of local budgets. Increased domestic tourist flows can reduce unemployment, raise the regional economy, improve the living standards of local people and reduce the imbalance between urban and rural life. However, the growth of rural tourism can also have negative consequences for rural areas, especially for the environment. Increased tourism in rural areas poses an increasing risk of air, water and land pollution through the construction of tourism infrastructure and facilities, as well as losses from tourism operations that meet the needs of tourists.
Accounting and analytical provision of credit transactions and assessment of their impact on the financial status of the metallurgical enterprise
Authors: Khmelyuk Alona , Makovitskaya Kateryna
Published: May 2020

Introduction. The basic principles of organization of accounting of credit operations are considered. It is established that at the enterprise under study the organization of accounting is regulated by an internal administrative document - Order on accounting organization and accounting policy. Documentation of operations is carried out using a log-order accounting form, which involves the use of twelve out of sixteen order logs. An assessment of credit transactions in the system of accounts at a metallurgical enterprise has been made. It is revealed that the journal-order form of accounting clogs up the account and increases its complexity and complicates the completeness of the display of business operations. The expediency of replacing the journal-order form of accounting with the journal has been proved. It is noted that the evaluation of the efficiency of using credit operations should be carried out by assessing the financial stability and solvency of the enterprise. A step-by-step algorithm for analyzing the financial condition of a metallurgical enterprise is presented. The extent to which an entity's liabilities are covered by its assets is assessed. The extent to which an entity's liabilities are covered by its assets is assessed. It is confirmed that none of the liquidity indicators in the dynamics meets regulatory standards, and the company may have a status of bankrupt. The financial stability of the enterprise has been evaluated. It is established that the enterprise has insufficient own working capital, own and loan sources of formation of inventories and expenses and the total size of the main sources of formation of inventories and expenses. Effective methods of improving the financial stability of the enterprise by improving the efficiency of use of credit resources, accelerating current assets and increasing working capital are proposed.
Purpose. The purpose of this article is to theoretically substantiate and develop practical recommendations for improving the accounting of credit transactions in the system of accounting registers; assessment of their impact on the financial condition of a metallurgical enterprise and ways of improving the financial stability of a metallurgical enterprise.
Results. The peculiarities of organization of accounting of metallurgical enterprise in terms of documentation and accounting of credit operations and display in the system of accounts and in the accounting registers are established; a step-by-step analysis of the financial state of a metallurgical enterprise in dynamics was carried out; regularities and tendencies of functioning of industrial enterprise are revealed; improvement of organization of accounting of credit operations by introduction of journal accounting form is proposed; measures have been developed to improve the financial stability of the metallurgical enterprise.
peran orang tua dalam pencegahan perilaku sex pranikah pada remaja di bantul
Authors: Hidayat Anas Rahmad , Nurhayati Isnani
Published: May 2020

Populasi remaja di Indonesia yang berusia 12-22 tahun mencapai sekitar 66 juta jiwa, di Yogyakarta jumlah remaja berusia 12-22 tahun adalah 832.200 jiwa di Kabupaten Bantul jumlah penduduk berumur 12-22 tahun sebanyak 132.000 jiwa1,2,3). Sementara menurut Fact Sheet yang dikeluarkan oleh PKBI Pusat, BKKBN dan UNFPA, sebanyak 15% remaja Indonesia pernah melakukan hubungan seksual dan studi yang dilakukan oleh PSS PKBI DIY menunjukkan bahwa 12,1% remaja SMA Yogyakarta pernah melakukan hubungan seksual 4).Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara peran orang tua dengan perilaku seks pranikah pada remaja di SMK N 1 BantulPenelitian ini adalah penelitian jenis analitik observasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi seluruh siswa SMKN 1 Bantul 462 siswan.Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Non Probability sampling dengan Purposive Sampling menggunakan  rumus  slovin didaptkan215 siswa. Instrumen menggunakan quesioner yang sudah dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabitilas.Hasil penelitian adalah peran orang tua kategori baik sejumlah 162 responden (75,3%), perilaku seks pranikah dengan kategori ringan 110 siswa (51,2%). Analisa menggunakan chi square dengan hasil (p-value=0,000) < 0,05.Kesimpulan penelitian adalah ada hubungan anatara peran orang tua dengan perilaku sekes pra nikah pada remaja di SMK N 1 Bantul.
Mini Review Efek Hipokolesterolemik Germinated Brown Rice terhadap Penurunan Risiko Penyakit Kardiovaskular
Authors: Puspareni Luh Desi
Published: May 2020

Background: Diet is an important factor in cardiovascular disease. Germinated brown rice (GBR) can be used as a dietary option in the management of cardiovascular disease. Invitro data and animal experiments show that GBR has a hypocholesterolemic effect that can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Objective:. to explore the hypocolesterolemic effects of GBR as an effort to manage nutrition to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and the potential for GBR as part of the management of nutrition in cardiovascular disease. Methods: This study uses the literature review method. Artukel selection uses an electronic database in the form of Scopus, ScienceDirect, Open Access Library (OALIB), Google Scholar, and Pubmed. Publication searches are conducted with restrictions between 2013 and 2015. Result : Invitro data and animal experiments show that GBR has a hypocholesterolemic effect that can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. GBR bioactive compounds such as am-aminobutyric acid (GABA), γ-oryzanol, dietary fiber, phenolics, vitamins, and acylated steryl β-glucoside can be used as lipid profiles, increased gene related to consumption, and increased lipolysis. Conclusion: consumption of GBR can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN TENTANG VASEKTOMI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN MOTIVASI MENGGUNAKAN VASEKTOMI DI DUSUN JELOK DESA BEJI WONOSARI
Authors: Prasetya As Ganda , Wahyuningsih Melania , Liliana Anita
Published: May 2020

Background: The number of people who got a vasectomy in Indonesia is still low. The lack of knowledge is one of the factors that cause the low number of people who get a vasectomy. In order to increase the number of people who get a vasectomy, a health education about vasectomy is needed. Objective: To determine the influence of health education about vasectomy on the knowledge about and motivation to get a vasectomy. Methods: This is a quasi- experiment research with a one group pretest posttest design, the research samples were selected using a total sampling technique, the instruments used for this research were questionnaires, and the data collected were analyzed using Wilcoxon’s test and paired t-test. This research was conducted in Jelok hamlet, Beji village, with 31 fertile males involved as respondents. Results: Respondents’ knowledge score before health education was given showed a mean of 9, and after health education, the mean was 1.94. Motivation to get a vasectomy before health education was given showed a median score of 24, after health education was given, the median score was 26. Data analysis on knowledge about vasectomy using a paired t-test showed a p-value of 0.000. An analysis on motivation using Wilcoxon’s test showed a p-value of 0.003. Conclusion: There was a significant influence of health education about vasectomy on the knowledge about and motivation to get a vasectomy.
Perceived Family Burden Between Caregivers of Schizophrenic Patients
Authors: Nayak Mihir Ranjan , Mallik Tapasa , Hembram Sarathi , Dash Manaswini
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to assess and examine the family burden among male and female nurses with schizophrenia patients. The sample population consisted of 60 male and female caregivers of schizophrenic patients selected using purposive sampling from outside patients and indoor patients, MHI, COE, SCBMCH, Cuttack. Odisha. The Family Expense Interview Schedule is applied to caregivers. The results showed that female caregivers had more family burden in all domains compared to male caregivers of schizophrenic patients. Keywords: Family Burden, Caregivers, Schizophrenia.
Epigastric pain after intravenous administration of oxytocin in patients undergoing lower segment cesarean section: A quasi experimental study comparing intravenous bolus with infusion technique
Authors: Kashif Ali , Kiani Rizwana Bashir , Shabbir Syed Muhammad Asad , Mahmood Tariq , Sabir Ghulam , Fatima Noor , Khan Waseem Ahmad
Published: May 2020

Aim: To compare the frequency of epigastric pain and uterotonic effect of an equivalent dose of oxytocin administered as an intravenous bolus versus intravenous infusion during elective LSCS under spinal anesthesia.

Methodology: We recruited 98 parturients undergoing elective LSCS under spinal anesthesia for this prospective quasi experimental study and divided them into two groups. Group-A received 5 IU of oxytocin as bolus intravenous (IV) injection in 5 sec (bolus group, n= 48), and Group-B (infusion group, n= 50) received 5 IU of oxytocin as an infusion over 5 min. Any complaint of epigastric pain by the patients was noted and its frequency was compared between the two groups. The uterine tone was assessed as adequate or inadequate by an obstetrician. The data were entered into SPSS version 22. Patient demographic data were analyzed with independent samples T-test and the study data were analyzed with Chi‑square test and presented as n (%). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Epigastric pain was noted in 25 (52.03%) out of 48 parturients in Group-A and 15 (30%) out of 50 in Group-B (p = 0.026). There was no significant difference in the uterotonic effect of oxytocin between the two groups (p = 0.736).

Conclusion:  We conclude that oxytocin infusion is associated with lower frequency of epigastric pain in elective LSCS when compared to intravenous bolus of an equivalent dose of oxytocin, However, the effect on uterine contractions was adequate with both methods.

Citation: Kashif A, Kiani RB, Shabbir SMA, Mahmood T, Sabir G, Fatima NE, Khan WA. Epigastric pain after intravenous administration of oxytocin in patients undergoing lower segment cesarean section: A quasi experimental study comparing intravenous bolus with infusion technique. Anaesth pain intensive care 2020;24(1):_

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35975/apic.v2i1.

Received – 20 February 2019;

Reviewed – 4, 16 March, 25 June, 9 September, 2, 25 November, 10 December 2019, 7 January 2020;

Revised – 19 June, 10 August, 29 September, 1 November 2019, 6 January 2020;

Accepted – 10 January 2020;
Pediatric spinal anesthesia at D. G. Khan (Pakistan); Our experience of 20 years
Authors: Durrani Haq-Dad
Published: May 2020

Spinal anesthesia in adults, once very popular, passed through a phase of disrepute and decline, but then resurged and became widely acceptable as the first choice anesthesia in some categories of surgical procedures.  It is a useful alternative to general anesthesia (GA) in adults. But this useful technique has been under-utilized in pediatric population in Pakistan. It has come to my knowledge vide personal communication that the anesthesiologists working in south Punjab even in tertiary care hospitals, public or private sector, spinal anesthesia is being administered by only a few anesthesiologists. At D. G. Khan, it has been administered to children (minimum age 16 days) for the last 20 years. No significant complication has been observed up till now.
探讨营改增对建筑企业会计核算的影响
Authors: 陈 微
Published: May 2020

经济与社会的快速发展对建筑企业的日常管理和会计工作提出了更多的要求。在此情况之下，相关人员必须要对营改增的发展趋势进行全面了解，充分对当下的会计工作开展深入而透彻的研究。在掌握影响会计核算的因素之后，制定具有较高针对性和可行性的会计核算方案，以此为导向开展后续的会计核算工作。这样不仅能够最大限度地发挥营改增的优势，同时也能够使建筑企业的会计核算工作更加规范而合理。
高校招投标工作中应注意的几点问题
Authors: 周 泽
Published: May 2020

论文针对高校招投标工作展开深入研究，主要包括制定完整的招标计划、加强招投标监管工作、确立市场的评标标准、实行投标商准入制度、抓好人员的业务水平等，旨在不断提高高校招投标工作的规范性、有序性，从而为高校发展提供动力。
2016 年北京市城市轨道交通工程概算定额（土建工程）编制情况介绍
Authors: 刘 余红
Published: May 2020

为最大限度地减少工程成本，提高工程投资效益，必须重视定额编制工作。首先需明确定额编制的内容及原则，并积极寻找定额编制的有效策略，把项目的实际情况与编制工作相融合，并落实到定额编工作中，确保定额的准确性及可行性，为有效控制建筑工程的成本奠定基础。
浅谈市政道路沥青路面施工控制要点
Authors: 赵 龙 , 杨 俊丰
Published: May 2020

论文结合沙市区基础设施建设项目工程总承包 EPC 道路工程项目各条道路现场沥青摊铺实例，分析市政道路沥青面层施工过程中控制要点。
建筑施工技术的优化与管理关键分析
Authors: 郭 廷霞
Published: May 2020

要想顺利实现建筑工程项目管理目标，就要合理优化施工技术，加强施工技术的管理，针对重点工序选择合适的施工技术，简化施工过程，降低施工成本，保证施工质量，提升管理工作的效率，基于此，论文简要分析了建筑施工技术的优化与管理工作的关键要点。
弧光保护的可靠性探讨
Authors: 周 锦涛
Published: May 2020

论文依据弧光保护的原理，从动作时间、动作判据方面探讨了弧光保护的可靠性，并与传统继电保护进行了对比，突出了其特点。
电子封星技术在电梯运行安全中的应用
Authors: 范 大颖 , 吕 增及
Published: May 2020

论文论述了电梯系统封星功能的必要性，以及封星的种类、实现方式、优缺点等。从成本和实现难易度的角度提出电子封星的方式方法，以利于封星功能的尽快普及。
Pendeteksi Gerakan Kaki Menggunakan Normalisasi Warna Pada Citra Untuk Klasifikasi Pola Berjalan
Authors: Diah Arie Widhining K  , Farrady Alif Fiolana  , Mochtar Yahya
Published: May 2020

Manusia dalam melakukan berbagai aktivitas sehari-hari pasti melakukan gerakan, salah satu gerakan tersebut adalah berjalan. Analisis pola berjalan merupakan cabang ilmu biomekanika yang mempelajari pola gerak dari beberapa organ tubuh pada manusia atau hewan yang dianalisa. Perencanaan pembuatan perangkat lunak ini digunakan untuk membantu dalam proses klasifikasi pola berjalan dan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan pola berjalan pada objek laki-laki dan perempuan dengan perlakuan yang berbeda. Pada proses perencanaan dimulai dengan proses grayscale, thresholding, closing, konversi citra RGB ke grayscale, pembuatan rectangle yang mewakili penanda, koordinat penanda, penghitungan sudut pada sendi lutut dan tungkai. Sedangkan pada proses penelitian dimulai dengan pengambilan citra menggunakan camStudio, video di konversi ke deret gambar dalam JPG, durasi frame dan analisa. Dari penelitian klasifikasi pola berjalan diketahui bahwa besar sudut sendi lutut pada fase initial contact, loading response, mid stance, terminal stance, mid swing dan terminal swing antara 171,70 sampai dengan 179,90 , sedangkan sudut sendi lutut pada fase pre swing dan initial swing memiliki besar sudut antara  118,90 sampai dengan 138,80. Pada sudut pergelangan kaki pada fase initial contact, loading response, mid stance, terminal stance, mid swing dan terminal swing antara 111,10 sampai dengan 135,10 sedangkan sudut pergelangan kaki pada fase pre swing dan initial swing memiliki besar sudut antara 1530 sampai dengan 161,40 . Rata-rata perbedaan setiap fase pola berjalan pada besar sudut sendi lutut sebesar 3,89%, sedangkan rata-rata perbedaan fase pola berjalan pada besar sudut pergelangan kaki sebesar 5,4% antara objek laki-laki normal dan perempuan normal.
Wavelet adaptive quantization based color image segmentation
Authors: Swaminathan Anand , Subramaniyan K.Venkata , G. Tiruppathirajan , J Rajkumar
Published: May 2020

Image segmentation is an important
pre-processing step towards higher level tasks such as object recognition,
computer vision or image compression. Most of the existing segmentation
algorithms deal with grayscale images only. But in the modern world, color
images are extensively used in many situations. A new approach for color image
segmentation is presented in this paper. There are many ways to deal with image
segmentation problem and in these techniques; a particular class of algorithms
traces their origin from region-based methods. These algorithms group
homogeneous pixels, which are connected to primitive regions. They are easy to
implement and are promising. Therefore, here one of the most efficient
region-based segmentation algorithms is explained. The color image is quantized
adaptively, using a wavelet transform. Then the region growing process is
adopted. As preprocess, before actual region merging, small regions are
eliminated by merging them with neighbor regions depending upon color
similarity. After this, homogeneous regions are merged to get segmented output.
“And Still We Rise…”: Microaggressions and Intersectionality in the Study Abroad Experiences of Black Women
Authors: Willis Tasha Y.
Published: May 2020

Racial microaggressions are racial slights and subtle insults aimed at people of color.  Such affronts, though often unintentional, have been documented to come at great psychic, emotional, and physical cost to the targeted individuals.  The term microaggression is also applied to women or other groups in society who experience oppression.  These insults have been documented in the context of education for years. Though it has been established that students of color often face racial microaggressions on their home campuses, this phenomenon has not been explored in the context of study abroad.  How this experience is further complicated by the intersection of gender, race, and other aspects of social identities was the premise of the following study that utilized the Black feminist construct of intersectionality to explore the experiences of 19 African American women who studied abroad through community college programs in three regions: the Mediterranean, West Africa and the British Isles.  Findings include experiences of microaggressions by U.S. peers, in-country hosts and in several instances, situations of sexual harassment.  Implications and recommendations for study abroad practitioners include discussion of the diversity of community college students, the extension of campus climate to the study abroad program, and the urgent need for critically reflexive staff and faculty equipped to respond effectively to microaggressions.
The Global Engagement Measurement Scale (GEMS): A New Scale for Assessing the Impact of Education Abroad and Campus Internationalization
Authors: Shadowen Noel L. , Chieffo Lisa P. , Guerra Nancy G.
Published: May 2020

We describe the development and validation of a new instrument to measure the non-academic impact of education abroad, the Global Engagement Measurement Scale (GEMS). Based on a review of the extant literature, we developed a 37-item instrument containing scales for four specific constructs of interest: a) cultural engagement; b) ambiguity tolerance; c) knowledge of the host site; and d) diversity openness. The measure was piloted with 263 education abroad students before and after a 5- week education abroad program. We examined the scales’ underlying factor structure, reliability, and sensitivity to education abroad program effects. Results indicate strong reliability and statistically significant increases across all scales following education abroad experiences. The GEMS instrument is brief and easy to administer, publically available, and includes important constructs for assessing the impact of education abroad. Additionally, the GEMS could be used to assess campus internationalization efforts with domestic and international students.
Learning from Our Mistakes: International Educators Reflect
Authors: Shallenberger David
Published: May 2020

The research addressed in this article explores the learning from mistakes international educators have made in the course of their work. Built on the experiences of forty-five individuals, shared through surveys and interviews, the this study finds that the participants learned valuable lessons regarding the value of strong and positive relationships; the impact of culture in their work; the importance of well-designed procedures; the balance between intuition and investigation in evaluating options and making decisions; key considerations in program design; and the importance of self-care. The last three of these lessons are the focus of this article.
Beliefs about Language Learning in Study Abroad: Advocating for a Language Ideology Approach
Authors: Surtees Victoria
Published: May 2020

Governments, institutions, and students alike have a number of assumptions about the inherent value of the study abroad for language learning (Allen & Dupuy, 2012; Twombly, Salisbury, Tumanut, & Klute, 2012). To date the study abroad literature has conceptualized these assumptions as student-internal beliefs, motivations, perspectives and expectations. This paper proposes a language ideologies perspective as alternative to these learner-centred constructs in order to better recognize students’ beliefs and practices as socially and historically constituted. This paper reviews the main findings from beliefs-focused study abroad research before turning to the theoretical literature on language ideologies. Using illustrative studies to examine the affordances of a language ideology framework, I consider how notions of language ideology might provide new avenues for explaining how expectations become established resources for interpreting the study abroad experience.
Case Study of Rip Current Knowledge amongst Students Participating in a Study Abroad Program
Authors: Houser Chris , Brander Rob , Brannstrom Christian , Trimble Sarah , Flaherty Jane
Published: May 2020

Students studying abroad or participating in a foreign exchange often visit a beach during their time abroad, but little is known about their understanding of rip currents and other surf hazards, their behavior, their choices, or if they take precautions when visiting a beach. This study describes the results of a survey of Texas A&M University students who completed a study abroad program between May 2013 and May 2015. Results of the survey suggest that a majority of the students surveyed (~74%) visited at least one beach during their time abroad, and over 50% of students visited more than 2 beaches. The visit to the beach was optional for most of the respondents and most went as part of a group. Decisions about the beaches visited tended to be based on convenience and recommendations from other students, tourists, or locals, and were rarely based on safety. Results of this preliminary study point to a need for implementing proactive beach safety education programs for students studying abroad.
Assessing Study Abroad: Theory, Tools, and Practice
Authors: Butler Paige E.
Published: May 2020

This article presents a book review on the book: Assessing Study Abroad: Theory, Tools, and Practice. Savicki, B. & Brewer, E. (editors). Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing. 2015. [344 pages].
DALIT MIGRANT WORKERS AND THEIR RIGHT TO THE CITY
Authors: Aditi Narayani
Published: May 2020

Increasing migration is a result of a consequence and a cause of the growth of cities. As such cities are now becoming crucibles of peoples of different socio-cultural and economic backgrounds and origins. Generally, people migrate to cities for various reasons such as possibility of jobs and employment opportunities and freedom from poverty, unemployment, limited job opportunities and the socio-political unrest at the place of origin. However, their life and experiences at the place of destination are usually characterized by various uncertainties, discriminations, and so on, In this context, the paper will try to conceptually locate the “Dalit migrant workers” at the place of destination and their relationship with the city and their claims in terms of rights to the city and also try to understand their negotiations with the urban commons; physical, social, economic, and cultural. The paper will also try to explore what fails the migrant workers to get “recognition” as other city dwellers. And lastly, the paper will also analyze the role of the state apparatus and their policies in providing equal access and recognition of migrant workers in Indian cities. The paper will make use of descriptive method based on secondary sources and field experiences.

KEYWORDS: Migration, Dalit migrant workers, right to the city, urban commons
Intrusive digital advertising: from control to resistance?
Authors: Hérault Stéphanie , Clauzel Amélie , Besson Madeleine
Published: May 2020

Mobile digital advertising is now accounting for half of advertising investments. However ad intrusiveness seems to induce resistance behaviors from users. Our research analyzes the relationships between intrusion, perceived control and resistance in a context of exposure to display mobile advertising. A qualitative study confirms the multi-dimensionality of the perceived control concept as well as the occurrence of resistance behaviors due to a user lack of control. The reinforcement of the Internet users’ data protection by public authorities makes it necessary to deepen the work on understanding the role of control in the users’ acceptance of display mobile ads.
Halal hospitality for senior citizens in Malaysia: An analytical study from Islamic perspective
Authors: Fadhli Ahmad Syarief , Fatah Yasin Raudlotul Firdaus , Kamal Koh Syamilah Heng
Published: May 2020

Malaysia, as reported by the Department of Statistics Malaysia, will be an ageing nation by 2035. Yet, the rapid increasing population of the elderly in tandem with the decreasing fertility and morbidity rate causes imbalance in the society’s structure. The elderly is often perceived negatively because of the stereotype and it affects their physical and mental health. This study tries to define the meaning of elderly from the Islamic perspective and attempts to provide the halal key concepts as guidelines to improve the hospitality after analyzing the caretaking system in Malaysia using deductive and inductive method. This research hypothesized that the current caretaking system is progressing, but more drastic initiatives is needed to achieve a wholesome objective for elderly well-being from Islamic perspective.
Nature’s Sustainable Aqua Gift — Pearl in Unani medicine
Authors: Rabbani Mumtaz , Muflih Betania Kartika , Syakirin Khairusy
Published: May 2020

Unani medical system is a holistic approach of science and human body. It is a natural and simple method of extracting from nature and based on the way body responses. Although several researches are working to find solutions for many diseases, this system still have not gained the popularity in the modern world for the developers in this field and beneficial for the patients. This paper explains the importance of sustaining the Unani system and drugs made from component (Pearl- Marwareed) obtained from marine animal, providing insight on good aquaculture practice in India. Hence, exploring the Islamic perspective of Unani medicine, the safety contour of the drugs and the usage of pearl in its preparation. The data were collected from personal interview with Hakeem (Physician with wisdom) across India and extensive literature as well as recommendation to promote Unani medical system in India. Significant sustainable strategies are suggested for further improvement in Aquaculture industry. We suggest policy makers and researchers focus more on implementation of best techniques and technology to develop Indian Aquaculture products and they usage in traditional medicinal system ‘Unani’