bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
hubungan asupan omega-3 dan omega-6 dengan kadar trigliserida pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun
Authors: Nisa Fitria Zahrotun , Probosari Enny , Fitranti Deny Yudi
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang : Omega-3 dan Omega-6 pada keadaan seimbang dapat bekerjasama dalam meningkatkan kesehatan. Namun, pola konsumsi yang berubah menyebabkan terjadinya ketidakseimbangan proporsi asupan Omega-3 dan Omega-6 yang akan mengindikasi terjadinya suatu gangguan metabolisme terkait kadar trigliserida. Remaja memiliki perilaku makan kurang baik dan mengarah pada ketidakseimbangan Omega-3 dan Omega-6. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan Omega-3 dan Omega-6 dengan kadar trigliserida pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun.Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan crossectional. Pemilihan subjek menggunakan purposive sampling yang melibatkan 49 remaja yan. Data asupan diperoleh menggunakan Food Recall 24 Jam. Sedangkan, kadar trigliserida diuji dengan metode GPO-PAP (Kalorimetrik Enzimatik).Hasil : Rerata kadar trigliserida sebesar 138.9±21.8 mg/dL dengan rerata omega-3 dan omega-6 sebesar 3.65±1.85g dan 29.3±14 g. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara omega-3 dan omega-6 dengan kadar trigliserida (ρ =0.766) (ρ = 0.752).  Namun, asupan lemak menunjukkan adanya hubungan dengan kadar trigliserida (ρ =0.030).Simpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan asupan omega-3 dan omega-6 dengan kadar trigliserida remaja. Namun, terdapat hubungan asupan lemak dengan kadar trigliserida
Hubungan Frekuensi Konsumsi Gluten dan Kasein dengan Status Gizi Anak Autisme
Authors: Fauziyah Syifa Nala , Ardiaria Martha , Wijayanti Hartanti Sandi
Published: January 2019

Latar belakang: Terapi diet pada anak autisme yang paling banyak diterapkan adalah diet bebas gluten dan/atau kasein karena mampu memperbaiki gejala hiperaktif atau gangguan autisme lainnya. Hal ini juga dapat berdampak pada tingkat kecukupan asupan zat gizi anak autisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan frekuensi konsumsi gluten dan kasein dengan status gizi pada anak autisme.Metode: Penelitian observasional desain cross sectional dengan jumlah responden 34 anak autisme yang diambil melalui metode consecutive sampling. Pengambilan data primer meliputi data asupan makanan dengan menggunakan metode food recall 3x24 jam dan Food Frequency Questionaire (FFQ), data aktivitas fisik dengan mengunakan kuisoner Physical Activity Questionaire for Children (PAQ-C), serta data antropometri melalui timbangan digital ketelitian 0,1 kg dan microtoise dengan ketelitian 0,1 cm. Analisis data dengan uji deskriptif dan uji korelasi.Hasil: Masalah gizi yang banyak ditemukan pada responden adalah gizi lebih sebesar 44,1%. Rerata frekuensi konsumsi gluten 9±8,8 kali/minggu dan konsumsi kasein 7±1,5 kali/minggu. Rata-rata aktivitas responden termasuk dalam kategori rendah. Hasil analisis uji Spearman menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan bermakna antara frekuensi konsumsi gluten dan kasein dengan status gizi (p=0,32 r=-0,17). Namun, memiliki hubungan bermakna antara frekuensi konsumsi gluten dan/atau kasein dengan tingkat kecukupan energi (p=0,049 r=0,34) dan lemak (p=0,037 r=0,36) melalui uji korelasi pearson.Simpulan: Frekuensi konsumsi gluten dan kasein tidak memiliki hubungan bermakna terhadap status gizi  pada anak autisme.
HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI ASAM LEMAK OMEGA-3, AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN PERSEN LEMAK TUBUH DENGAN TINGKAT DISMENORE PADA REMAJA
Authors: Famimah Famimah , Margawati Ani , Fitranti Deny Yudi
Published: January 2019

Background: Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain was a gynecological complaint due to an imbalance of progesterone in the blood resulting in pain. A woman with dysmenorrhea should consume food rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as fish oil, fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel, herring), soybeans and fruits. Low fish consumption was related with severity of dysmenorrhea. In addition, physical activity and percent body fat were also associated with severity of dysmenorrhea.Objective : To determine the correlation between consumption of omega-3 fatty acids, physical activity and percent body fat to the classification of dysmenorrhea in adolescents.Methods : Cross sectional study of 90 adolescentsselected by purposive sampling. This research was conducted in SMA N 15 and SMA N 9 Semarang. Menstrual history was measured by direct interviews and level of dysmenorrhea was measured using Numerical Rating Scale Questionnaire. Omega-3 fatty acids were measured using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and analyzed using a nutritional software program. Physical activity was measured using A short questionnaire for the measurement of habitual physical activity in epidemiological studies. Percent body fat was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Data were analyzed by Independent T test/Mann Whitney. Result : There were significant correlation in omega-3 fatty acid (p= 0,015), and percent body fat (p= 0,026). While in physical activity there was no significant correlation (p= 0,394).Conclusion : Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and percent body fat were associated with the classification of dysmenorrhea.
HUBUNGAN FREKUENSI SARAPAN DAN KONSUMSI JAJAN DENGAN Z-SCORE IMT/U PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Lani April , Margawati Ani , Fitranti Deny Yudi
Published: January 2019

Background:Nutritional status is a measure of a person's body condition that can be seen from the food consumed and the use of nutrients in the body. Skipping breakfast and consuming high calorie snack foods can lead to overweight and obesity. The aim of this research was to know the correlation between frequency of breakfast and snack consumption with BMI-for-age Score in elementary school children. Confounding variables in this research are physical activity and energy intake.Method:This was an observational research with cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted in SDN Tancep 1 Gunungkidul Regency  involving 67 subjects with Simple Random Sampling method. Frequency of breakfast data was obtained through interviews and was calculated based on  subject’s frequency of  breakfast in a week. Snack consumption and energy intake data obtained through food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). BMI-for-age score were obtained from the measurement of body weight and height, and physical activity data using physical activity record form. Data were analyzed by rank Spearman.Result:Median for frequency of breakfast was 4.00 times/week. Median for snack consumption and physical activity were 315 and 2030 kcal. The mean BMI-for-age score was -0.23±1.52. There were significant correlations between frequency of breakfast (p=0,021), snack consumption (p=0,001), physical activity (p=0,001), and energy intake (p=0,001)  with BMI-for-age score. Multivariate analysis showed that 57,3% BMI-for-age score was influenced by snack consumption,  physical activity, and energy intake.Conclusion: BMI-for-age score was described as 57,3% by snack consumption, physical activity, and energy intake.
HUBUNGAN ASUPAN VITAMIN D DAN KALSIUM DENGAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PUASA WANITA OBESITAS USIA 45-55 TAHUN
Authors: Rochmah Nur , Probosari Enny , Dieny Fillah Fithra
Published: January 2019

Background : Vitamin D and calcium have metabolic functions in the cells and insufficient intake has been proven to increase the risk factor for many chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D and calcium both contribute in raising insulin secretion by regulating extracelullar calcium concentration and fluxing through cell membranes facilitated by calcium-sensing receptor. This study aimed to determine correlation between vitamin D and calcium intake with blood glucose levels in obese woman aged 45-55 years.Methods : Observational study with cross sectional design. Sixty subjects were selected using consecutive sampling. Food intakes were assessed by Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, fasting blood glucose levels were measured by Glucose Oxidation method, and physical activities were determined by Long International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using r Pearson and Rank-Spearman test. Results : Mean of fasting blood glucose levels was 90,4±37,22 mg/dL with average vitamin D was 4,1 ±2,23 μg, whereas calcium was 547,7±316,24 mg. All subjects had low vitamin D intake; 88,3% subjects had low calcium intake; 88,3% subjects had normal fasting blood glucose; and 11,7% subjects had hyperglycemia. There was no correlation between vitamin D (p = 0,295) and calcium  (p = 0,295) intake with fasting blood glucose levels. Intake of energy, carbohydrate, fat, protein, fiber  and physical activity also showed no corerelation with fasting blood glucose levels. Conclusion : There was no correlation of vitamin D and calcium intake with fasting blood glucose levels in obese woman aged 45-55 years.
HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI KOPI DAN SCREEN-TIME DENGAN LAMA TIDUR DAN STATUS GIZI PADA DEWASA
Authors: Kadita Febiandra , Wijayanti Hartanti Sandi
Published: January 2019

Background: Nutritional problem such as underweight or obesity in adolescents is an important issue that can lead into some disease.1 BMI can be affected with some factor, there were coffee consumption, screen-time and sleep duration. Sleep duration can be affected by coffee consumption and screen-time.Objective: Knowing the relationship of coffee consumption and screen-time with sleep duration and BMI among Adult.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 52 adult in Semarang Café. We measured weight and height as BMI (kg/m2). Subject interviewed about coffee consumption, screen-time, sleep duration and physical activity. Bivariate analysis used Pearson test and Rank-Spearman test. Multivariate analysis used Multivariate Linear Regression analysis of Backward.Result: Bivariate analysis showed there was a significance relationship between coffee volume and night screen-time with sleep duration (r=-0,3,p=0,03 and r=-0,3,p=0,01). There was a significance relationship between 1 day screen-time and physical activity with BMI (r=0,2, p=0,04 and r=-0,27, p=0,04). Multivariate analysis showed there was a significance relationship between physical activity with BMI (β=-0,26, p=0,05).Conclusion: The volume of coffee consumption and screen-time was the factor that caused sleep deprivation. Physical activity was the factor of increased nutritional status.
HUBUNGAN OBESITAS SENTRAL DENGAN SIKLUS MENSTRUASI DAN DYSMENORRHEA PRIMER PADA REMAJA
Authors: Karina S Else , Nuryanto Nuryanto , Kusumastuti Aryu Candra
Published: January 2019

Background: Irregular menstrual cycle and primary Dysmenorrhea are menstrual disorder which woman can sustain. These can be occur because nutritional status especially obesity. Central obesity increase in adolescent which describe high body fat mass. High percentage of body fat mass in central obese patients can lead to hormonal dysfuntion and causing abnormal menstrual cycles and primary Dysmenorrhea. Objective: To analyze the association of central obesity with menstrual cycle and primary dysmenorrhea in adolescentsMethods : this study used Cross sectional design with 73 subject central obesity and 73 normal adolescent based on waist circumference. Anthropometric measurements include height, weight and waist circumference. Physical activity assessed by GPAQ physical activity questionnaire, family history Dysmenorrhea, menstrual cycle and primary Dysmenorrhea were assessed by questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Chi Square test.Results: There were 23 adolescents or 31.5% of central obesity group have abnormal menstrual cycle whereas in normal group there were 10 adolescent or 13.6% who have abnormal menstrual cycle. There was association between central obesity and menstrual cycle ( p = 0.018). There were 20 adolescents or 27.3% central obesity group have primary Dysmenorrhea whereas in normal group there were 15 adolescents or 20.5%. There was no significant association between central obesity and primary Dysmenorrhea ( p = 0.43).Conclusion : There was association between central obesity and menstrual cycle but there was not association between central obesity and menstrual cycle
HUBUNGAN DENSITAS ENERGI DAN ASUPAN CAIRAN DENGAN BERAT JENIS URIN PADA REMAJA
Authors: Setyarsih Liani , Ardiaria Martha , Fitranti Deny Yudi
Published: January 2019

Background: Hydration status is a condition that describes total body fluid. One of the method of measuring hydration status is urine specific gravity. Energy density of food is the amount energy content of total weight food. Foods with high energy density tend to have a lower water content, which will affect fluid intake. The aim of this research was to know the correlation of energy density and fluid intake with urine specific gravity as one of the markers of hydration status. Method: This was an observational research with cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted in Senior High School 15 Semarang involving 55 subjects by Simple Random Sampling method. Food intake and fluid intake were assessed by 1x24 hours Food Recall. Urine specific gravity measured in laboratory. Body fat percentage measured by BIA (Bioelectrical Impendance Analysis) and physical activity assessed by 1x24 hours record physical activity. Data were analyzed by rank spearman.Result: Median of urine specific gravity men and women was 1,02 g/ml. Mean of energy density in men was 1,8±0,32 kcal/gram, in women was 2,1±0,59 kkal/gram. Mean of fluid intake in men was 2406,4±491,38 ml, in women was 2159,5±648,42ml. There was significant correlation of fluid intake with hydration status (p=0,027). There was no significant correlation of energy density and hydration status (p=0,218). Multivariate analysis showed that 14,6% of hydration status is affected by both fluid intake and energy intake. Conclusion: There was significant correlation of fluid intake with urine specific gravity. There was no significant correlation of energy density and urine specific gravity.
HUBUNGAN ASUPAN PROTEIN, LEMAK, KALIUM DAN MAGNESIUM DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH SISTOLIK DAN DIASTOLIK LANJUT USIA
Authors: Menad M Aria , Kusumastuti Aryu Candra
Published: January 2019

Background : Hypertension is one of the degenerative diseases that has high prevalence an increase. One of the factors that influence blood pressure in hypertensive patients is protein, fat, potassium, and magnesium intake. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of protein, fat, potassium, and magnesium intake with blood pressure in elderly.Design : This cross-sectional study was conducted among 42 subjects (aged 60-80 years) of PWRI (Persatuan Wredatama Republik Indonesia) members rating South Semarang, Semarang. Food recall method was used to measure the intake of protein, fat, potassium and magnesium intake. Blood pressure was measured with a mercury sphygmomanometer. Rank- Spearman test was used on bivariate analysis. Results : On the results of this study as many as 83.3% of subjects hypertention. Protein intake (52.4% of subjects), fat intake (100% of subject) potassium intake (54.8%) and magnesium (95.2% of subjects) are lower than needs. Bivariate analysis shows that there were no correlation between protein, fat, potassium, and magnesium intake and systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion : In there were correlation between protein, fat, potassium, and magnesium intake and systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.
PERBEDAAN PERILAKU MAKAN DAN POLA ASUH PEMBERIAN MAKAN ANTARA BALITA DENGAN RIWAYAT ASI EKSKLUSIF DAN NON-ASI EKSKLUSIF DI KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN
Authors: Safitri Dwi , Margawati Ani , Nissa Choirun
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang : Balita dengan riwayat susu formula dan ASI+susu formula sejak bayi lebih berisiko mengalami obesitas dibandingkan balita ASI eksklusif, meskipun demikian mekanismenya belum diketahui. Beberapa penelitian menyebutkan terdapat hubungan antara riwayat ASI eksklusif dengan pola asuh pemberian  makan, yang dapat mempengaruhi self-regulation of energy intake dan perilaku makan anak.Tujuan : Menganalisis perbedaan perilaku makan dan pola asuh pemberian makan antara balita dengan riwayat ASI eksklusif dan non-ASI eksklusif di kabupaten Pekalongan.Metode : Penelitian dengan desain cross-sectional, dilaksanakan di kecamatan Buaran, Pekalongan. Subjek penelitian dikategorikan menjadi kelompok ASI eksklusif, susu formula dan ASI+susu formula. Setiap kelompok terdiri atas 21 subjek. Data riwayat ASI eksklusif diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan ibu/ melihat buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak. Data perilaku makan diperoleh melalui Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ), sedangkan data pola asuh pemberian makan diperoleh melalui Children Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ). Analisis data menggunakan uji Anova one-way dan Kruskall Wallis.Hasil : Kelompok non-ASI eksklusif memiliki perilaku penyuka makanan, sedangkan kelompok ASI eksklusif memiliki perilaku tidak penyuka makanan. Kelompok non-ASI eksklusif memiliki pola asuh yang lebih controlling dibandingkan kelompok ASI eksklusif. Terdapat perbedaan perilaku makan dan pola asuh pemberian makan antara kelompok ASI eksklusif dan non-ASI eksklusif (p<0,001). Namun, tidak terdapat perbedaan perilaku makan dan pola asuh pemberian makan antar kelompok non-ASI eksklusif (p>0,05).Simpulan : Terdapat perbedaan perilaku makan dan pola asuh pemberian makan antara balita dengan riwayat ASI eksklusif dan non-ASI eksklusif di kabupaten Pekalongan.  Tidak terdapat perbedaan perilaku makan dan pola asuh pemberian makan antar balita non-ASI eksklusif.
Total Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL), Aktivitas Antioksidan, dan Penerimaan Yoghurt Herbal Sinbiotik dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmanii)
Authors: Ramayani Gita , Rustanti Ninik , Fitranti Deny Yudi
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang  :  Diet antioksidan dapat menurunkan kejadian sindrom metabolik. Formulasi yoghurt tersebut yang ditambahkan inulin dan karagenan dapat menjadi inovasi produk untuk pasien sindrom metabolik.Tujuan  :  Menganalisis total bakteri asam laktat (BAL), aktivitas antioksidan, dan penerimaan yoghurt herbal sinbiotik dengan penambahan ekstrak kayu manis.Metode  :  Penelitian ini merupakan true experimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor, yaitu penambahan ekstrak kayu manis 0% (kontrol); 0,1%; 0,3%; dan 0,5% pada yoghurt herbal sinbiotik. Total bakteri asam laktat dihitung menggunakan metode Total Plate Count sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan diuji menggunakan metode DPPH. Uji penerimaan menggunakan metode uji hedonik.Hasil  :  Tidak ada pengaruh penambahan ekstrak kayu manis dengan berbagai perlakuan terhadap total bakteri asam laktat. Yoghurt dengan penambahan 0,5% ekstrak kayu manis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi 77,33%. Pada penerimaan, kontrol dan perlakuan berbeda pada aroma, rasa serta tekstur namun tidak berbeda pada warna.Simpulan  : Formulasi yoghurt herbal sinbiotik terbaik adalah yoghurt dengan penambahan 0,3% ekstrak kayu manis yang memiliki total bakteri asam laktat sesuai SNI > 107 CFU/ml, aktivitas antioksidan cukup tinggi 56,67%, dan penerimaan yang cukup disukai.
Asupan Energi Cemilan, Durasi dan Kualitas Tidur Pada Remaja Obesitas Dan Non Obesitas
Authors: Agita Viony Vira , Widyastuti Nurmasari , Nissa Choirun
Published: January 2019

Latar belakang: Asupan energi cemilan, durasi dan kualitas tidur merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya obesitas. Remaja obesitas biasa mengasup asupan energi cemilan berlebih, memiliki durasi tidur yang pendek, serta kualitas tidur yang buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk  mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan asupan energi cemilan, durasi dan kualitas tidur pada remaja obesitas dan non obesitas usia 15-18 tahun.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan desain cross sectional. Subjek sebanyak 25 orang masuk ke dalam kelompok obesitas dan 25 orang  merupakan kelompok  non obesitas. Semua subjek diwawancara menggunakan kuesioner skrining, indeks kualitas tidur pittsburgh, frekuensi makan semi kuantitatif, dan formulir singkat aktifitas fisik internasional. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji  independent t test, dan Mann Whitney.Hasil: Nilai perbedaan asupan energi cemilan (p= <0,001), durasi tidur (p=0,415), kualitas tidur (p=<0,001) pada kelompok obesitas dan non obesitas.Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan asupan energi cemilan dan kualitas tidur pada kelompok obesitas dan non obesitas. Tidak terdapat perbedaan durasi tidur pada kelompok obesitas dan non obesitas.
Automatic Construction of Digital Woven Fabric by Using Sequential Yarn Images
Authors: Li Zhongjian , Yu Fei , Zhang Ning , Lu Yichen , Pan Ruru , Gao Weidong
Published: January 2019

In this article, a computerized method is proposed for simulating digital woven fabric (DWF) based on sequential yarn images captured from a moving yarn. A mathematical model of woven fabric structure is established by assuming that the crimped shape of yarns in weave structure is elastica, and the cross-sections of yarn in sequence image and fabric are circular and ellipse, respectively. The sequential yarn images, which are preprocessed and stitched first by image processing methods, are resized based on the mathematical model. Then a light intensity curve, which consists of radial curve model and axial curve model, is used to simulate the gray texture distribution of interlacing points in radial and axial directions. Finally, a Boole Matrix model is used to control the woven pattern. In the experiment, a slub yarn and a normal yarn samples with same count are applied to simulate gray texture fabrics. Then the gray fabrics are transformed to color fabrics based on three color maps. The fabric simulations are confined to single fabrics of plain, 2/2 matt, and 1/3 twill weaves.
Effect of Fabric Layers on Thermal Comfort Properties of Multilayered Thermal Protective Fabrics
Authors: Eryuruk Selin Hanife
Published: January 2019

Thermal protective clothings are produced from multilayered textile materials. Fabric layers need to allow enough evaporation of perspiration, ventilation, and also thermal protection from fire. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different fabric layers and their different combinations on the thermal properties of multilayered fabric samples. Three-layered fabric combinations were created using two types of outer shell fabrics, four types of moisture barrier fabrics with membrane, and two types of thermal barrier fabrics. Sixteen different fabric combinations that simulate three-layered thermal protective clothing were studied. As a result of the study, it was found that thermal and moisture comfort properties were significantly affected by different fabric layers.
Numerical Simulation of Flow Field in Air-Jet Loom Main Nozzle
Authors: He Shanshan , Qian Yi , Xue Wenliang , Cheng Longdi
Published: January 2019

To improve airflow injection capacity of the main nozzle and decrease backflow phenomenon, a new main nozzle structure with two throats is designed. Negative pressure value and negative pressure zone length are first proposed evaluating the strength of backflow phenomenon. Commercial computational fluid dynamic (CFD) code “Fluent” is performed to simulate the flow field inside and outside the main nozzle. Exit velocity increases about 10 m/s in new main nozzle. Airflow core length of the new main nozzle is 35% higher than that of commonly used main nozzle. Smaller negative pressure value and shorter negative pressure zone length mean a weaker backflow phenomenon in the new main nozzle. Bigger air drag force indicates stronger weft insertion ability in the new main nozzle.
The Caucasus 3 Plus the Baltic 3 and Economic Cooperation with China
Authors: Charaia Vakhtang , Chochia Archil , Lashkhi Mariam
Published: January 2019

This study analyses China’s One Belt, One Road (OBOR) initiative for the Baltic and South Caucasus countries. Trade, Foreign Direct Investments and transit potential are taken as main factors for the cooperation. A clash of China and the West in pursuing economic leadership is taken into account. The study suggests a new, alternative route for the OBOR initiative through the Caucasus, which has all the needed infrastructure and readiness for being started. Moreover, Georgia is not new to the EU preferences, it has experience of GSP+ and now the unique achievement of free trade regimes with the EU and China is also taken as an alternative route and an advantage for the Caucasus and the Baltic States.
Characterization and engineering of photoactivated adenylyl cyclases
Authors: Stüven Birthe , Stabel Robert , Ohlendorf Robert , Beck Julian , Schubert Roman , Möglich Andreas
Published: January 2019

Cyclic nucleoside monophosphates (cNMP) serve as universal second messengers in signal transduction across prokaryotes and eukaryotes. As signaling often relies on transiently formed microdomains of elevated second messenger concentration, means to precisely perturb the spatiotemporal dynamics of cNMPs are uniquely poised for the interrogation of the underlying physiological processes. Optogenetics appears particularly suited as it affords light-dependent, accurate control in time and space of diverse cellular processes. Several sensory photoreceptors function as photoactivated adenylyl cyclases (PAC) and hence serve as light-regulated actuators for the control of intracellular levels of 3′, 5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate. To characterize PACs and to refine their properties, we devised a test bed for the facile analysis of these photoreceptors. Cyclase activity is monitored in bacterial cells via expression of a fluorescent reporter, and programmable illumination allows the rapid exploration of multiple lighting regimes. We thus probed two PACs responding to blue and red light, respectively, and observed significant dark activity for both. We next engineered derivatives of the red-light-sensitive PAC with altered responses to light, with one variant, denoted DdPAC, showing enhanced response to light. These PAC variants stand to enrich the optogenetic toolkit and thus facilitate the detailed analysis of cNMP metabolism and signaling.
A review of data-driven fault detection and diagnosis methods: applications in chemical process systems
Authors: Md Nor Norazwan , Che Hassan Che Rosmani , Hussain Mohd Azlan
Published: January 2019

Fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) systems are developed to characterize normal variations and detect abnormal changes in a process plant. It is always important for early detection and diagnosis, especially in chemical process systems to prevent process disruptions, shutdowns, or even process failures. However, there have been only limited reviews of data-driven FDD methods published in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide the state-of-the-art reference for chemical engineers and to promote the application of data-driven FDD methods in chemical process systems. In general, there are two different groups of data-driven FDD methods: the multivariate statistical analysis and the machine learning approaches, which are widely accepted and applied in various industrial processes, including chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and polymers. Many different multivariate statistical analysis methods have been proposed in the literature, such as principal component analysis, partial least squares, independent component analysis, and Fisher discriminant analysis, while the machine learning approaches include artificial neural networks, neuro-fuzzy methods, support vector machine, Gaussian mixture model, K-nearest neighbor, and Bayesian network. In the first part, this review intends to provide a comprehensive literature review on applications of data-driven methods in FDD systems for chemical process systems. In addition, the hybrid FDD frameworks have also been reviewed by discussing the distinct advantages and various constraints, with some applications as examples. However, the choice for the data-driven FDD methods is not a straightforward issue. Thus, in the second part, this paper provides a guideline for selecting the best possible data-driven method for FDD systems based on their faults. Finally, future directions of data-driven FDD methods are summarized with the intent to expand the use for the process monitoring community.
VAAs Users’ Voting Behavior and the Role of Partisanship. Evidence from the 2014 Belgian Federal Elections
Authors: Gallina Marta
Published: January 2019

In this article, I investigate the effects of Voting Advice Applications (VAAs) on voting behavior of their users. It has been already demonstrated that voters are more likely to follow VAAs recommendation when this latter is consistent with their previous vote intentions. However, the role of partisan attachments in this process has been generally overlooked. The basic idea that I intend to test, indeed, is that partisanship works as strong attitude in voters’ minds, making their preferences less amenable to VAAs advices if compared to those of non-partisan citizens. By implementing logistic regression models on panel data from the 2014 Belgian Federal elections, I show that it is actually unlikely that citizens decide to switch their vote after having played the test, if the advice is not consistent with pre-existing vote intentions. More importantly, I find that the impact of VAAs advice on vote choice is even weaker among citizens that declare to feel attached to a party.
Photoluminescence and Crystal-Field Analysis of Pr3+-Doped SrMoO4 Phosphors
Authors: Feng Wenlin , Lin Huaping , Liu Honggang
Published: January 2019

The phosphor SrMoO4:Pr3+ was successfully prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction process, and characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and fluorescence spectrometer. The results show that the prepared SrMoO4:Pr3+ has a scheelite structure with pure phase and represents leaf-like shapes with good dispersity. The strong electron absorbabilities are located at 220–300 nm (charge transfer band), 448, 474, and 487 nm, respectively. The emission spectrum of the SrMoO4:Pr3+ phosphor was characterised, which peaked at 529, 545, 554, 600, 619, and 645 nm, corresponding to the f–f transitions of Pr3+. The average International Commission on Illumination (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of the phosphors are x≈0.455, and y≈0.520, and the optimum doping mole fraction of Pr3+ is 0.2 mol.%. To better understand the fluorescent behavior of as-prepared phosphors, a complete 91×91 energy matrix was built by an effective Hamiltonian operator, including free ion and crystal-field interactions. The fluorescent spectra of Pr3+ ion at the tetragonal (S
4) Sr2+ site of SrMoO4 crystal were firstly calculated from a full diagonalisation (of energy matrix) method. The fitting values are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Time Evolution of Some Modified Nonrelativistic Hamiltonians
Authors: Hassanabadi Hassan , Hooshmand Parisa
Published: January 2019

The modified Schrödinger equation due to its minimal length is considered useful for harmonic and linear potentials, as well as the free-particle case. Using basic concepts of quantum mechanics, the time evolution of these systems is reported.
Jeans Instability of Rotating Viscoelastic Fluid in the Presence of Magnetic Field
Authors: Sharma Praveen Kumar , Argal Shraddha , Tiwari Anita , Prajapati Ram Prasad
Published: January 2019

The Jeans instability of rotating viscoelastic fluid in the presence of uniform magnetic field is investigated using the generalised hydrodynamic (GH) model. A general dispersion relation is derived with the help of linearised perturbation equations using the normal mode analysis, which is further discussed for axis of rotation parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field in both the weakly coupled (hydrodynamic) and strongly coupled (kinetic) limits. The onset criterion of Jeans instability for magnetised rotating viscoelastic fluid is obtained, which remains unaffected by the presence of rotation and magnetic field but depends upon viscoelastic effects. The graphical illustrations are depicted to see the influence of rotation, Mach number, shear and viscous effects, and sound speed on the growth rate of Jeans instability. It is found that all these parameters have stabilising influence on the growth rate of Jeans instability; hence, they are capable of collapsing to a self-gravitating, rotating, magnetised viscoelastic medium.
Zinc-lead ordering in equiatomic rare earth plumbides REZnPb (RE=La–Nd and Sm–Tb)
Authors: Heletta Lukas , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: January 2019

The plumbides REZnPb (RE=rare earth metals La–Nd and Sm–Tb) were synthesized by induction melting of the elements in sealed niobium ampoules. The samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. The structures of the praseodymium and neodymium compound were refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: YPtAs type, P63/mmc, a=461.32(8), c=1658.00(3) pm, wR2=0.0588, 267 F
2 values, 12 variables for PrZnPb and a=460.12(3), c=1642.7(1), wR2=0.0617, 243 F
2 values, 12 variables for NdZnPb. The plumbides with RE=La, Ce, Sm, Gd and Tb are isotypic while the Zintl phase EuZnPb crystallizes with the orthorhombic TiNiSi type, Pnma, a=796.6(2), b=482.53(9), c=822.9(2) pm. The zinc and lead atoms build up polyanionic networks: slightly puckered Zn3Pb3 layers in AA′BB′ stacking sequence in the YPtAs type plumbides and a three-dimensional [ZnPb]2− network with distorted tetrahedral ZnPb4/4 coordination in EuZnSn. The different crystal structures are a consequence of the valence electron count, i.e. 18 for EuZnSn and 19 for the hexagonal plumbides. The crystal chemical details and bonding peculiarities are discussed.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Zinc Doped Nickel Ferrites: Evaluation of Structural, Magnetic and Dielectric Properties
Authors: Majid Farzana , Rauf Javeria , Ata Sadia , Bibi Ismat , Yameen Muhammad , Iqbal Munawar
Published: January 2019

Nickel–zinc ferrites are soft magnetic materials that have different technological applications due to their low magnetic coercivity, high electrical resistivity and low eddy current loss. The soft ferrites are the best for manufacturing core of power transformers, recording heads, data storage devices, telecommunication equipment, media devices, microwaves and electronic devices. In current investigation, a series of zinc doped nickel ferrites (ZnxNi1−xFe2O4, x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) were prepared by hydrothermal method (at 220 °C, 16 h). The structural, magnetic and dielectric properties were measured. X-ray diffractometer and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to analyze the structural properties and structure of zinc doped nickel ferrites was spinel. As the concentration of Zn was increased, the structural properties (lattice constant, density, dislocation density, radii of tetra and octahedral sites and oxygen positional parameters) were also changed. FTIR results showed the strongest absorption band at 500–600 cm−1, which indicate the intrinsic stretching vibration of Zn+2 ↔ O bond (Mtetra ↔ O) at tetrahedral site. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) was used to measure magnetic properties and it was observed that the value of saturation magnetization increased with Zn concentration. The investigation of frequency dependent dielectric property was measured by Impedance Analyzer. Dielectric constant and tangent loss decreased at higher frequency, whereas AC conductivity increased with frequency.
Two Distinct Sets of Ca2+and K+Channels Are Activated at Different Membrane Potentials by the Climbing Fiber Synaptic Potential in Purkinje Neuron Dendrites
Authors: Ait Ouares Karima , Filipis Luiza , Tzilivaki Alexandra , Poirazi Panayiota , Canepari Marco
Published: January 2019

In cerebellar Purkinje neuron dendrites, the transient depolarization associated with a climbing fiber (CF) EPSP activates voltage-gated Ca2+channels (VGCCs), voltage-gated K+channels (VGKCs), and Ca2+-activated SK and BK K+channels. The resulting membrane potential (Vm) and Ca2+transients play a fundamental role in dendritic integration and synaptic plasticity of parallel fiber inputs. Here we report a detailed investigation of the kinetics of dendritic Ca2+and K+channels activated by CF-EPSPs, based on optical measurements ofVmand Ca2+transients and on a single-compartment NEURON model reproducing experimental data. We first measuredVmand Ca2+transients associated with CF-EPSPs at different initialVm, and we analyzed the changes in the Ca2+transients produced by the block of each individual VGCCs, of A-type VGKCs and of SK and BK channels. Then, we constructed a model that includes six active ion channels to accurately match experimental signals and extract the physiological kinetics of each channel. We found that two different sets of channels are selectively activated. When the dendrite is hyperpolarized, CF-EPSPs mainly activate T-type VGCCs, SK channels, and A-type VGKCs that limit the transientVm∼ <0 mV. In contrast, when the dendrite is depolarized, T-type VGCCs and A-type VGKCs are inactivated and CF-EPSPs activate P/Q-type VGCCs, high-voltage activated VGKCs, and BK channels, leading to Ca2+spikes. Thus, the potentially activity-dependent regulation of A-type VGKCs, controlling the activation of this second set of channels, is likely to play a crucial role in signal integration and plasticity in Purkinje neuron dendrites.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe climbing fiber synaptic input transiently depolarizes the dendrite of cerebellar Purkinje neurons generating a signal that plays a fundamental role in dendritic integration. This signal is mediated by two types of Ca2+channels and four types of K+channels. Thus, understanding the kinetics of all of these channels is crucial for understanding PN function. To obtain this information, we used an innovative strategy that merges ultrafast optical membrane potential and Ca2+measurements, pharmacological analysis, and computational modeling. We found that, according to the initial membrane potential, the climbing fiber depolarizing transient activates two distinct sets of channels. Moreover, A-type K+channels limit the activation of P/Q-type Ca2+channels and associated K+channels, thus preventing the generation of Ca2+spikes.
Genetic, Inflammatory, and Epithelial Cell Differentiation Factors Control Expression of Human Calpain-14
Authors: Miller Daniel E , Forney Carmy , Rochman Mark , Cranert Stacey , Habel Jeffery , Rymer Jeffrey , Lynch Arthur , Schroeder Connor , Lee Josh , Sauder Amber , Smith Quinton , Chawla Mehak , Trimarchi Michael P , Lu Xiaoming , Fjellman Ellen , Brusilovsky Michael , Barski Artem , Waggoner Stephen , Weirauch Matthew T , Rothenberg Marc E , Kottyan Leah C
Published: January 2019

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, food-driven allergic disease resulting in eosinophilic esophageal inflammation. We recently found that EoE susceptibility is associated with genetic variants in the promoter of CAPN14, a gene with reported esophagus-specific expression. CAPN14 is dynamically up-regulated as a function of EoE disease activity and after exposure of epithelial cells to interleukin-13 (IL-13). Herein, we aimed to explore molecular modulation of CAPN14 expression. We identified three putative binding sites for the IL-13-activated transcription factor STAT6 in the promoter and first intron of CAPN14. Luciferase reporter assays revealed that the two most distal STAT6 elements were required for the ∼10-fold increase in promoter activity subsequent to stimulation with IL-13 or IL-4, and also for the genotype-dependent reduction in IL-13-induced promoter activity. One of the STAT6 elements in the promoter was necessary for IL-13-mediated induction of CAPN14 promoter activity while the other STAT6 promoter element was necessary for full induction. Chromatin immunoprecipitation in IL-13 stimulated esophageal epithelial cells was used to further support STAT6 binding to the promoter of CAPN14 at these STAT6 binding sites. The highest CAPN14 and calpain-14 expression occurred with IL-13 or IL-4 stimulation of esophageal epithelial cells under culture conditions that allow the cells to differentiate into a stratified epithelium. This work corroborates a candidate molecular mechanism for EoE disease etiology in which the risk variant at 2p23 dampens CAPN14 expression in differentiated esophageal epithelial cells following IL-13/STAT6 induction of CAPN14 promoter activity.
Lietuvos moterų veikla 1988–1992 metais: iššūkiai ir galimybės
Authors: Jurėnienė Virginija , Ibianskienė Justė
Published: January 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

This article studies the activities and the societal role of Lithuanian women during the years of 1988 to 1992 based on the relevant periodic press and the memoirs of contemporaries. An analysis of certain organizations, such as the gathering of Catholic women “Caritas,” the Lithuanian Women’s Movement, the Women’s Revival Union, the Lithuanian Women’s Union, the Women’s Union of the Families of the Officers of Lithuanian Grand Duchess Birutė and the Lithuanian University Women Association, presented an overview of the activities of organizations from 1988 to 1992. The article assesses the circumstances of the inception of the aforementioned organizations, their benefits to society and their value both to the participants and to the public.
Drop out Factors in Data Literacy and Research Data Management Survey: Experiences from Lithuania and Finland
Authors: Rudžionienė Jurgita , Grigas Vincas , Enwald Heidi , Kortelainen Terttu
Published: January 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]

The purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of factors that affect the respondents to drop out of an already started survey on research data management. We decided to take a questionnaire on data management survey at Vilnius University and Oulu University implemented in 2017 as a case study. The data for the analysis was collected using the questionnaire, which was used in multinational research for Data Literacy and Research Data Management, performed by a group of researchers in more than ten countries, initiated by Serap Kurbanoğlu and Joumana Boustany. This paper describes the analysis of 1 185 survey samples, of which 515 were unfinished and 670 finished in both universities. For the analysis of the data, we used Framework for Web Survey Participation created by Andy Peytchev (2009). The collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 19 with descriptive and inferential statistical tests. The most significant factors on deciding not to finish the survey were the length of the survey, the scientific field, experience, age and the topic of the survey. No statistically significant difference was measured between those who finished the survey and unfinished evaluating the data by gender and job position. An important factor in not finishing the survey was the design of the survey.
Oscaro Lewiso skurdo kultūra: kritika ir plėtotė
Authors: Gajdosikienė Indrė
Published: January 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

In this article the concept of the culture of poverty as defined by Oscar Lewis, and its critique was reviewed, and methodologies for exploring adaptation to poverty suggested. Lewis described the culture of poverty as a way of life, clusters of traits of some of poor people, that develop as an adaptation to living in poverty in a capitalist society, and from then are passed through generations. Lewis came to this idea from his Marxist background. The wording of the concept, however, was not very successful, as reflected by the number of misunderstandings and criticisms. Some of them, though, rise from a different understanding of culture.The theory behind the Lewis’ concept was not developed well. The concept soon gained popularity among politicians and wider audience, but was largely discarded in the intellectual circles. The researchers, who tried to check the culture of poverty hypotheses, also came to ambiguous conclusions. It was partly due to the vagueness of the definition of the concept, and partly because of the research methods used. The idealistic model of culture as consensus, because of the separation of “what is in the mind” vs. traits, behaviors, way of life etc., could be a clearer way to understand and analyze some of the poverty issues, especially when poverty is defined by consensus. However, for those interested in the issue of poverty, it would require a connection with other, more “materialist” variables in order to understand and explain the issue more fully: the idea of adaptation to the long-term deprivations can help to understand the behavior of people living in poverty better.
Las urbanizaciones cerradas en la ciudad intermedia. El caso de Temuco (Chile), 2005-2014
Authors: Rojo Mendoza Félix , Jara Rojas Tatiana , Frick Raggi Juan Pablo
Published: January 2019

La ciudad ha experimentado cambios como resultado de la continua especulación del suelo urbano y la producción de vivienda como mercancía. Una expresión de estas transformaciones es el surgimiento de urbanizaciones cerradas verticales y horizontales. El artículo presenta los patrones en que estas se localizan en la ciudad de Temuco (Chile) entre los años 2005 y 2014. Por medio del procesamiento de la información de la Dirección de Obras Municipales de la ciudad, y teniendo en consideración las edificaciones acogidas a la ley de copropiedad, se pueden observar las formas de implantación de dichas urbanizaciones. Por medio de la georreferenciación de estos proyectos, se evidencia que los condominios de casas están principalmente concentrados en sectores periurbanos del sur poniente de la ciudad, mientras que los edificios se encuentran en dos distritos censales del centro, uno del área fundacional de la ciudad y, el otro, en un espacio de consolidación comercial reciente. Estos antecedentes son importantes para observar la reproducción de la desigualdad socioespacial y los posibles procesos de gentrificación en el centro de Temuco.
Ocio y gastronomía, las nuevas estrategias de gentrificación. El caso de Lisboa
Authors: Quijano Gómez Estefania
Published: January 2019

El ocio y el aprovechamiento del tiempo libre se han convertido recientemente en algunas de las actividades más importantes del nuevo modo de vida de los ciudadanos contemporáneos, al igual que la promoción de estas actividades se ha utilizado como una estrategia de las administraciones públicas locales para renovar espacios urbanos. En este artículo se reflexiona en torno al consumo del ocio gastronómico como herramienta principal de renovación y recuperación de los espacios urbanos y, por consiguiente, como un medio para la gentrificación y la generación de distinciones sociales. Se presentan algunos estudios de caso, haciendo énfasis en el proceso de recuperación de Bairro Alto y de la zona de Las Docas en Lisboa, y se concluye con unas posibles lecciones sobre los procesos de gentrificación actuales.
Bogotá entre Marcel Poëte y Le Corbusier. La ciudad de Carlos Martínez
Authors: Arango Lopez Diego
Published: January 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la tesis doctoral de Carlos Martínez, titulada Contribution à une étude d’urbanisation de Bogotá, Colombie. Para esto, se propone una lectura crítica del documento, en la cual, se toman en cuenta tanto sus bases epistemológicas, como su propuesta metodológica. Así, el artículo se divide en tres partes. En primer lugar, se estudian las características principales de la argumentación de Martínez, haciendo hincapié en la estructura y en los objetivos principales de su texto. Luego, se hace énfasis en su aproximación epistemológica a la noción de historia en la disciplina del urbanismo, resaltando la tensión teórica que se genera entre los planteamientos de Poëte y de Le Corbusier. Por último, se sitúa la propuesta de Martínez en la configuración profesional e histórica colombiana.