bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF KNOWLEDGE, RELIGIOSITY, AND POCKET MONEY ON STUDENTS' INTEREST FOR SAVING IN SHARIA COMMERCIAL BANKS
Authors: Qurrati A’inina Fanny , Mardi Mardi , Susanti Santi
Published: January 2022

This research aims to determine the effect of Knowledge, Religiosity, and Pocket Money on interest for saving in shariah banks. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and using primary data with a population of 503 students from the Faculty of Economics at the State University of Jakarta. The sample selection was done by proportional random sampling technique which resulted 205 samples. Data analysis uses several regression analyses with the help of SPSS. The results showed: (1) Partial knowledge has a positive and significant effect on interest in saving. (2) Partial religiosity does not affect interest in saving. (3) Partial pocket money has a positive and significant effect on interest in saving. (4) Knowledge, religiosity and pocket money simultaneously affect interest in saving.
INCOMPATIBLE BUSINESS BEHAVIOR TOWARD ISLAMIC ETHICS: A STUDY ON THE PRACTICES OF RIBA AND BANK INTEREST
Authors: Hardiati Neni , Anwar Syahrul
Published: January 2022

Various kinds of interpretations of usury and interest in modern financial institutions (banks), both from jurists and Muslim economists, seem to occur because the 'illat usury put forward by the jurists is seen as inaccurate in the development of Islamic legal thought. Gharar which is translated as speculation is equated with gambling because of the uncertainty for the parties (seller and buyer). This research uses a literature study, which is carried out by collecting, studying and reviewing books, scientific magazines and related documents such as theses and scientific journals. Many modern societies carry out such practices, such as buying and selling agricultural products that are still on the land with a wholesale system. When viewed from the ethical side of Islamic transactions, both usury, interest and gharar violate the ethics of transactions. Ethical considerations prohibiting usury, interest and gharar, due to unfairness, exploitation and unproductiveness. While the system of economic ethics emphasizes products, fairness and honesty in trade, and fair competition. In this case, good ethics will give good business, good ethics: good business. Ethics that is in the spotlight in this study, especially ethics in the operations and transactions of Islamic financial institutions. Then the sharia financial institutions in question include sharia banking, sharia pawnshops, sharia insurance, and sharia capital markets, all of which are some forms of representation of sharia macro financial institutions that are certain. have a significant impact on the nation's economic development. So that behavior that is not in accordance with Islamic ethics, such as related to usury and bank interest, must be avoided for Muslims.
The New Innovation of Learning Strategy during Pandemic for State Islamic University of North Sumatera Students
Authors: Tribuanaswary Tasya , Rahmadani Putri , Dara Damanik Emeliya Sukma
Published: January 2022

This paper focused on discussing about the responses of students in State Islamic University of North Sumatera about the implementation of a new innovation in learning activities during this pandemic. In this case, all information is explored through interviews and giving some several questions that related to the focus of this research. The questions are organized correspond to the key points that lead to research goals. The sample composed of four students who are regularly took part in learning activities during the pandemic which come from the different level at State Islamic University of North Sumatera. Each sample expressed their opinion on learning experience during this pandemic, such as about the new innovations that they found in teaching strategies which include the weaknesses and strengths. Therefore, the findings of this research are useful as the new knowledge that explores how the innovation can be relied in a part of learning activities optimally, accurately, and easily in achieving the learning goals, which can be a reference for the advancement of learning activities in Indonesia, especially in State Islamic University of North Sumatera.
THE UNIFIED POWER QUALITY CONDITIONER: A REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Scope College of Engineering & Technology, Bhopal 462022, India, Tiwari Siddhant , Yadav Balram ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Scope College of Engineering & Technology, Bhopal 462022, India, Kumar Indrajeet ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Scope College of Engineering & Technology, Bhopal 462022, India
Published: January 2022

This thesis addresses the Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) which is a major custom power solutions capable for load balancing, power factor-correction, voltage regulation, voltage and current harmonics mitigation in a three-phase three-wire distribution system for different combinations of linear, non-linear and dynamic loads. The unit template technique (UTT) is used to get the reference signals for series active power filter and shunt active power filter which utilizes two closed loop PI controllers. The design of three- phase three-wire UPQC includes the design of shunt controller (SHUC) and series controller (SERC).
Comparative analysis of roller drill bit performance
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Shigin A. O. , Boreyko D. A. ,   Ukhta State Technical University, Ukhta, Russia, Tskhadaya N. D. ,   Ukhta State Technical University, Ukhta, Russia, Serikov D. Yu. ,   I.M.Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2022

Currently, roller bits are widely used in rock drilling, which are devices with rotating rollers armed with teeth. There are various approaches in assessing the effectiveness of rock destruction by a roller drilling tool, which can be conditionally divided into structural and technological ones. In addition, all the efficiency factors of the roller bit are related to the correspondence of its characteristics and the drilling process to the properties of the rock it destroys. The article analyzes the operating conditions of the roller bit during drilling of rocks of various hardness. On the example of operation of a two-screw drill bit, the process of power interaction of the toothed weapon with rock is considered depending on various factors, such as the shape and pitch of the teeth, angle of inclination, sharpness of the tooth and others. It is shown that kinematic characteristics of interaction of toothed armament with drilled rock have a significant influence on efficiency of process of face destruction. Keywords: drill bit; drilling tool; destruction; drilling; roller cutter; rock.
Application of geophysical methods in the extrapolation of sedimentological data on unmastered areas of deposits (on the example of Pennsylvanian carbonate reservoir, Akanskoye oilfield, east of Russian Platform)
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Platov B. V. , Kolchugin A. N. ,   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Korolev E. A. ,   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Nikolaev D. S. , Kadirov A. I.
Published: January 2022

A feature of the oil-bearing carbonate deposits of the lower Pennsylvanian in the east of the Russian platform is their rapid vertical and horizontal change. It is often difficult to make correlations between sections, especially in the absence of core data when using only geophysical data. In addition, not all facies are reliably identified and traceable from log data and not all have high reservoir properties. Authors made an attempt to trace the promising facies both to adjacent wells and, in general, to the entire field area using core study results and translation of these results using log and seismic data. The data showed pinching of rocks with high reservoir characteristics in the direction of the selected profile (from south to north within the field). Coastal shallow water facies, represented by Grainstones and Packstones, with high reservoir properties in the south of the field, are replaced by lagoon facies and facies of subaerial exposures, represented by Wakestones and Mudstones with low reservoir characteristics, in the north of the field. The authors suggest that this approach can be applicable for rocks both in this region and for areas with a similar structure. Keywords: pinch-out; well data; seismic data; limestone; facies; reservoir rocks.
Express method for the testing of tribotechnical properties of lubricants
Authors:   Mavlutov Institute of Mechanics, Ufa, Russia, Moiseev K. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Popenov A. I. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Bakhtizin R. N. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2022

The paper presents the results of experimental study of the tribotechnical properties of lubricants on a unit that simulates the geometric, kinematic and force similarity of well drilling conditions. Bearings with different radial clearances and the same chemical-thermal treatment were investigated. Data registration was carried out on cathode, loop oscilloscopes and electronic recorders. The load on the bearing, the moment of rolling resistance on the journal, and the angular speed of rotation of the outer race were recorded. The temperature was registered using artificial and semiartificial thermocouples. A strobotachometer was used to determine the portable speed of the rolling bodies. The external appearance of all rolling elements was investigated, metallographic analysis of thin surface layers of all rolling elements was carried out, mathematical processing of test results was carried out. It is shown that for the express assessment of the tribotechnical properties of lubricants, the amplitude value of the oscillation of the rolling resistance moment can be used. Keywords: friction; lubrication; tribotechnical Properties; drilling.
The Global Economy During COVID-19: A Study on Increasing Disparity
Authors: Ariful Islam Mohammad , Tehzib Syed Masrur
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 has become an ongoing issue in the present business world. The topic raises confusion and debate over many resolved issues. Not only the developing but also developed countries faced the heat-shock of this micro-infectious agent. But the power to regain and cope with the uncertainty has not been the same everywhere. To some extent, the developed nations have been able to tackle the bad days with their enriched resources, manpower and efficient system whereas this has become a total collapse for the developing and underdeveloped nations. Inefficiency and lack of social security have made life unbearable for the general people in these areas. What is the condition of the vaccination program? Whereas it is costly for the developed nations, it has simply become a dream for the developing nations. No one knows when the world will get a hundred per cent population with vaccination. In this paper we will cover these issues also we will take a look at the ravages of the pandemic in both worlds, as well as identifying the amalgamation of reasons behind the terrible second-wave in India and other developing nations.
An Advanced Galerkin Approach to Solve the Nonlinear \\[6pt]Reaction-Diffusion Equations With Different Boundary Conditions
Authors: Ali Hazrat , Kamrujjaman Md. , Islam Md. Shafiqul
Published: January 2022

This study proposed a scheme originated from the Galerkin finite element method (GFEM) for solving nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) numerically with initial and different types of boundary conditions. The scheme is applied generally handling the nonlinear terms in a simple way and throwing over restrictive assumptions. The convergence and stability analysis of the method are derived. The error of the method is estimated. In the series, eminent problems are solved, such as  Fisher's equation, Newell-Whitehead-Segel equation, Burger's equation, and  Burgers-Huxley equation to demonstrate the validity, efficiency, accuracy, simplicity and applicability of this scheme. In each example, the comparison results are presented both numerically and graphically
Sobre las taxonomías de lo fantástico: paratextos y autor implícito en «Las fuerzas extrañas» de Leopoldo Lugones
Authors: Martínez José María
Published: January 2022

Los criterios habituales para clasificar los relatos fantásticos han sido el tipo de diégesis del relato y la condición infrasciente del narrador y/o los protagonistas. El presente artículo trata de reivindicar también la función de los paratextos como referencias para esa categorización. Aunque no trata de invalidar los dos criterios citados, sí deja claro que los paratextos, tanto los sincrónicos como los diacrónicos, pueden condicionar y de hecho condicionan el entendimiento de la anécdota o el del tipo de mundo representado en ella. Ya que los paratextos muestran la existencia de lecturas extradiegéticas, contribuyen también a perfilar la figura del autor implícito, otro de los elementos o criterios ausente en la elaboración de estas taxonomías. Tomando como referencias teóricas (con algunas matizaciones) el estudio clásico de G. Genette sobre los paratextos y las sugerencias de W. Booth y W. Schmid sobre el autor implícito, todas estas propuestas se aplican y tratan de ilustrarse recurriendo a Las fuerzas extrañas, de Leopoldo Lugones, una emblemática colección de relatos no miméticos, muy rica en componentes paratextuales y con una complicada historia en lo referido a la clasificación de sus relatos.
Canon y repertorio fantástico en las escritoras de microrrelato
Authors: Núñez Sabarís Xaquín
Published: January 2022

La narrativa breve, y muy especialmente el microrrelato, ha sido un género propicio para el tratamiento de lo fantástico. La quiebra de la frontera entre lo real y lo imaginado, soñado, insólito o inverosímil encajaba en las estrategias de elipsis e intensidad del relato corto.  
En este artículo nos proponemos abordar, dentro de este paradigma, un doble objetivo. Por un lado, analizar la posición canónica de las escritoras de narrativa breve, utilizando el corpus de seis antologías de microrrelato, que integra la base de datos relacional (http://cehum.ilch.uminho.pt/microrrelatos_xaquinnunez). En segundo lugar, tomando también como punto de partida los textos que integran dicho corpus, clasificar los microrrelatos escritos por mujeres, a fin de analizar los elementos fantásticos que predominan, desde el punto de vista temático, narrativo o intertextual.
Application of meshless methods to modeling of pistol bullets
Authors: Kędzierski Piotr , Watorowska Julia
Published: January 2022

The paper presents an analysis of applicability of two meshless methods to the modeling of pistol bullets on the example of a 9 mm Parabellum. The studies included the following methods: SPH and SPG. The results of computer simulations were confronted with ballistic test results in terms of shape-dimensional compliance of the deformed projectile. The relative error of the projectile diameter was 15 and 17% for the SPG and SPH methods, respectively. The deformation form for the SPH method deviated from the ballistic test results, while the SPG method faithfully reproduced the shape of the deformed projectile.
Keywords: mechanical engineering, impact simulation, pistol bullet, SPH, SPG
Evaluation Of Stress-Strain State Of Vehicles’ Metal Structures Elements
Authors: Hrevtsev O.
Published: January 2022

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HIPERTENSÃO OCULAR SECUNDÁRIA À LUXAÇÃO DE CRISTALINO PARA CÂMARA ANTERIOR NA SÍNDROME DE MARFAN
Authors: Beraldo Daniel Prado , Mantovan Fernando Buzatto , Mello Emanuele Moraes
Published: January 2022

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a rare autosomal dominant metabolic disorder, caused by mutations in the gene responsible for coding the fibrillin-1 protein. It is characterized by cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and ocular manifestations. The purpose of this report was to present a rare ophthalmologic complication in a patient with MFS. Female, 51 years old, attended the emergency room complaining of severe pain, low visual acuity and hyperemia in the right eye, started two days before. Biomicroscopy: ectopia lentis (luxated) for anterior chamber; Tonometry: 56 mmHg. Hypotensive drugs were prescribed which reduced intraocular pressure (IOP) to 8 mmHg. Referred for emergency surgery (facectomy without IOL implantation) in order to avoid further damage to the cornea and optic nerve. In the post operative period, presented IOP control and improved VA to 20/50. Multidisciplinary follow-up is necessary in patients with MFS, enabling early diagnosis, which can prevent and minimize any complications.
Comparação de Sequências Biológicas em Cluster de GPUs na Nuvem
Authors: Sousa Wallison P. , Soares Filipe M. , Melo Alba C. M. A. , Bentes Cristiana , S. de Castro Maria Clicia
Published: January 2022

A comparação de sequências genômicas é um processo utilizado para encontrar alterações estruturais em genes ou proteínas de organismos vivos. Ela é simples, computacionalmente custosa e necessita de algoritmos que reduzam seu o tempo de processamento. Este trabalho avalia o custo monetário e tempo de execução da comparação de sequências genômicas em instâncias na nuvem com GPUs. Resultados experimentais mostram que comparar sequências maiores nos clusters é vantajoso.
Modelagem Acústica por Diferenças Finitas utilizando OpenMP
Authors: de Medeiros Filho Antonio José , Camata José Jeronimo
Published: January 2022

A modelagem de propagação de ondas sísmicas têm sido objeto de estudo por décadas, principalmente pela indústria do petróleo e do gás. Neste trabalho implementa-se a propagação de ondas em um meio homogêneo bidimensional por diferenças finitas de quarta ordem. Paralelismo com OpenMP é empregado como estratégia de melhoria de desempenho. O programa é testado com diferentes casos de testes. O emprego do paralelismo apresenta uma boa escalabilidade.
Reverse Engineering im Spannungsfeld der Sonderschutzrechte
Authors: Strobel Armin
Published: January 2022

In implementation of Directive (EU) 2016/943, Section 3 (1) No. 2 GeschGehG (German Trade Secrets Act) explicitly legalizes reverse engineering for the first time in the history of German trade secrets law. Subject of this thesis is a comprehensive exploration of this new freedom of reverse engineering. To this end, the author develops a definition of reverse engineering that takes into account the reality of economic life. After a practice-oriented interpretation of Section 3 (1) No. 2 GeschGehG, its effects on the entire legal protection of entrepreneurial know-how are examined. The focus is on the effects on copyright, patent and unfair competition law. In this context, the author develops goal-oriented solutions to various unanswered legal questions.
Legitimate Expectations and Fair-and-Equitable-Treatment under the Energy Charter Treaty
Authors: Landmann Niclas
Published: January 2022

A recent tide of ISDS cases in the renewable energy sector has generated a large number of arbitral awards that turn of the notion of legitimate expectations. The Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard (FET) and the notion of legitimate expectations has been highly undetermined in the past. This work contains a comprehensive analysis of the renewable energy awards and the interpretation of the notion of legitimate expectations therein. In particular, it is examined whether arbitral jurisprudence formed a cohesive body of caw-law. The author analyses which aspects with regard to commitment by the states, due diligence of the investors, and level of impact were considered a violation of the FET Standard by recent arbitral tribunals.
Die fehlerhafte Personengesellschaft im deutschen und französischen Recht
Authors: Howe André
Published: January 2022

The legal figure of the defective partnership looks back on a long tradition in both German and French law, with German law following the French model in its early days. A comparative study of the doctrine of the defective partnership in both countries is therefore worthwhile, also with regard to the current legal regulation in France.

Despite the different dogmatic approaches, important opportunities for comparison are revealed. Particularly in the constructive classification of the phenomenon of facticity in civil law, the perspective of French law can prove to be extremely fruitful for German dogmatics.
Current Management of Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Ndubuisi Okonkwo Ogugua , Akanbi Toyin , Thelma Agweye Chineze
Published: January 2022

Diabetic macular edema is a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) which contributes significantly to the burden of visual impairment amongst persons living with diabetes. Chronic hyperglycemia triggers a cascade of pathologic changes resulting in breakdown of the retinal blood barrier. Understanding the pathophysiological and biochemical changes occurring in diabetes has led to developing novel therapeutics and effective management strategies for treating DME. The clinical utility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the retina provides a detailed assessment of the retina microstructure, valid for individualization of patient treatment and monitoring response to treatment. Similarly, OCT angiography (dye-less angiography), another innovation in imaging of DME, provides an understanding of retinal vasculature in DME. From the earlier years of using retinal laser photocoagulation as the gold standard for treating DME, to the current use of intravitreal injection of drugs, several clinical trials provided evidence on safety and efficacy for the shift to intravitreal steroids and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor use. The short durability of available drugs leading to frequent intravitreal injections and frequent clinic visits for monitoring constitute an enormous burden. Therefore, extended durability drugs are being designed, and remote monitoring of DME may be a solution to the current challenges.
The Use of Evidence-Based Acupuncture: Current Evidence
Authors: Ardinata Dedi
Published: January 2022

Evidence-based medicine (EBM), which emphasizes that medical decisions must be based on the most recent best evidence, is gaining popularity. Individual clinical expertise is combined with the best available external clinical evidence derived from systematic research in the practice of EBM. The key and core of EBM is the hierarchical system for categorizing evidence. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) system divides evidence quality into four categories: high, moderate, low, and very low. GRADE is based on the lowest quality of evidence for any of the outcomes that are critical to making a decision, reducing the risk of mislabeling the overall evidence quality, when evidence for a critical outcome is lacking. This principle is also used in acupuncture as a complementary and integrative treatment modality, but incorporating scientific evidence is more difficult due to a number of factors. The goal of this chapter is to discuss how to establish a clinical evidence system for acupuncture, with a focus on the current quality of evidence for a variety of conditions or diseases.
Pesticide Exposure Risks to Chiropteran Species and the Impacts on Emerging Zoonotic Diseases
Authors: Hooper Sarah , Amelon Sybill
Published: January 2022

Neonicotinoids have been in the spotlight in the pollinator community as they persist in the soil, have high water solubility, and have been associated with negative health implications on insect pollinators. The risk of new novel pesticides, including neonicotinoids, to bats are largely unknown. Bats have unique physiology as they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight, and have physiological adaptations including echolocation and torpor which under current protocols for acute and chronic toxicity studies in birds and terrestrial animals are not assessed. Due to these characteristics, some have argued that bats may serve as important bioindicators for ecosystem health and pesticide use. This chapter will focus on pesticides, and discuss the increased risk of exposure, morbidity, and mortality of bats species due to their unique physiology and natural life history. Special emphasis will be on potential increased risk of zoonotic disease transmission in bats exposed to emerging contaminants that suppress their immune system or cause increased biological stress.
Transnational Education and E-Learning during a Pandemic: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future
Authors: S. Alam Atm , Ma Ling , Watson Andy , Wijeratne Vindya , Chai Michael
Published: January 2022

Higher education institutions are globally facing unprecedented disruptive trends, which have rapidly changed the landscape of global higher education due to the COVID-19 pandemic. While transnational education (TNE) is increasingly becoming popular as a provision for internationally recognised education at the doorstep of students, the temporary shift from traditional classroom teaching and learning (T&L) to remote online T&L caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging for all stakeholders to provide the similar student experience as previously. Regarding TNE programmes, the emergency replacement of traditional classrooms with virtual ones has also raised significant challenges of both equity and pedagogy. However, given the current crisis in higher education, TNE can be a cornerstone in rebuilding the post-COVID-19 international education system. This chapter explores the challenges faced by the TNE programmes based on a systematic literature review and information gathered informally from various stakeholders and discusses the opportunities and future impacts in teaching, learning, and student support as the post-COVID-19 educational landscape emerges. It also provides an insight into how a sustainable transnational learning community can be developed for the quality and sustainability of international higher education in this new decade.
Hydroa Vacciniforme-Like Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Ximena Gallegos Riofrio Carmen , Daniel Garzon Gallegos Juan
Published: January 2022

Hydroa vacciniforme (HV)-like cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (HVLL) is a controversial skin pathology because some cases appear as hydroa vacciniforme, whereas others progress to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with or without angiocentricity. It is usually associated with infections of Epstein Barr viruses and NK-cell lymphomas and typically affects the pediatric population. Symptoms include facial edema, papules, vesicles, and blisters in the facial region, arms, legs, and areas exposed to sunlight that leave varioliform scars. There may be infiltration of the lips, eyelids, and nose, usually accompanied by comorbid infections and hypersensitivity to insect bites. Frequency is rare, but HVLL more commonly affects patients from South America and Asia. Its clinical management can be difficult and accompanied by a high index of malignancy, thus early diagnosis is essential for effective and timely management.
The Pharmacology of Botulinum Toxin Type A
Authors: V. Reznik Anna
Published: January 2022

The aim of this chapter is to structure current information clarifying the most disputable issues of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) pharmacology after systemic (botulism) impact and local medical application. Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) pharmacological features evaluated open ways to study factors affecting its biological activity: to extend/shorten its effect duration, to increase/decrease BoNT sensitivity in specific patient populations. The chapter presents unique molecular mechanisms underlying BoNT/A pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: entering the body, distribution, receptor binding, translocation, mediator release suppression, zinc metabolism as well as factors affecting body sensitivity to BoNT at each of those stages. The specific biological effects of BoNT/A, which may underlie its analgesic, anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects, are described. Botulinum neurotoxin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics features discussed herein represent significant clinical relevance since they determine botulinum treatment safety and effectiveness. And also they open ways to develop both BoNT-based therapies and anti-botulinic agents.
Causes and Mechanisms of Global Warming/Climate Change
Authors: A. Harris Stuart
Published: January 2022

Comparison of the average mean surface air temperature around the world during 1951–1978 with that for 2010–2019 shows that the bulk of the warming is around the North Atlantic/Arctic region in contrast to the Antarctic ice sheet. Obviously, the temperature change is not global. Since there is a substantial difference between solar heat absorption between the equator and the poles, heat must be moving to the North Pole by surface ocean currents and tropical cyclones. The cold, dry Arctic air coming from Siberia picks up heat and moisture from the open oceans, making the sea water denser so that the warm water sinks slowly down to c. 2000 m. A deep-water thermohaline flow (THC) transports the excess hot (c. 18°C) water south to Antarctica. It is replaced by a cold (c. 2°C) surface water from that area. The latter quickly cool western Europe and Siberia, and glaciers start to advance in Greenland within about 10 years. The THC flow decreases in Interglacials, causing the increased build-up of heat in the Northern Hemisphere (c. 60% currently stored in the Atlantic Ocean), and the ice cover in the Arctic Ocean thaws. Several such cycles may take place during a single major cold event.
Sustainable Horticultural Waste Management: Industrial and Environmental Perspective
Authors: Hassan Jahidul , Noor-E-Azam Khan Md. , Mijanur Rahman Rajib Md. , Nahar Suborna Maksuratun , Akter Jiasmin , Faisal Ahamed Hasan Md.
Published: January 2022

Horticultural crops are highly nutritious and shared lion portion of our daily diet. These items are consumed in different ways according to their nature and processing processes. These days, a crucial concerning issue is arising globally to ensure nutrition security for huge population that leads to focus on production increase, quality improvement, food safety assurance, and processing strategies. Consequently, a large amount of waste generates in the processing industries, household kitchen, and supply chain of horticultural commodities that has led to a significant nutrition and economic loss, consequently creating environment pollution with extensive burden of landfills. However, these wastes showed magnificent potentiality of re-utilization in several industries owing to as rich source of different bioactive compounds and phytochemicals. Therefore, sustainable extraction methods and utilization strategies deserve the extensive investigations. This review paper extensively illustrates the horticultural waste generation options, sustainable recycling strategies, and potentiality of recycled products in different industries for betterment in population with the assurance of green environment and sustainable ecology.
Measuring the Systematic Risk of Sectors within the US Market via Principal Components Analysis: Before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: González Maiz Jiménez Jaime , Reyes Santiago Adán
Published: January 2022

This research measures the systematic risk of 10 sectors in the American Stock Market, discerning the COVID-19 pandemic period. The novelty of this study is the use of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique to measure the systematic risk of each sector, selecting five stocks per sector with the greatest market capitalization. The results show that the sectors that have the greatest increase in exposure to systematic risk during the pandemic are restaurants, clothing, and insurance, whereas the sectors that show the greatest decrease in terms of exposure to systematic risk are automakers and tobacco. Due to the results of this study, it seems advisable for practitioners to select stocks that belong to either the automakers or tobacco sector to get protection from health crises, such as COVID-19.
A Study of Fuzzy Sequence Spaces
Authors: A. Khan Vakeel , Ahmad Mobeen , Alam Masood
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to introduce and study some new ideal convergence sequence spaces FSJθT, FS0JθT and FS∞JθT on a fuzzy real number F defined by a compact operator T. We investigate algebraic properties like linearity, solidness and monotinicity with some important examples. Further, we also analyze closedness of the subspace and inclusion relations on the said spaces.
Functioning Fuzzy Logic in Optimizing the Solar Systems Work
Authors: Raid Daoud , Omer Ahmed , Yaareb Al-khashab
Published: January 2022

Fuzzy logic has been used in many fields, either to control a specific movement, improve the productivity of a machine, or monitor the work of an electrical or mechanical system or the like. In this chapter, we will discuss what are the basic factors that must be taken to use the fuzzy logic in the aforementioned matters in general, and then focus on its employment in the field of renewable energy. Three main axes for renewable energy are solar panels, a wind turbine and finally, solar collectors. The key to working and the basis of the static system is the mechanism for selecting the inputs that directly affect the output in addition to the methods and activation functions of the fuzzy logic.
The circRNA and Role in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Regulation to Therapeutic and Diagnostic Targets
Authors: Li Wen , Jin Guohua
Published: January 2022

Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia worldwide. Although the great progress on the prevention and treatment of AD, no effective therapies are available as yet. With the increasing incidence of AD, it has brought a growing burden to the family and society. Histopathologically, AD is characterized by the presence of myloid β (Aβ) plaques composed of Aβ and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, which lead to neuronal loss. However, the full spectrum of precise molecular mechanism that contribute to AD pathogenesis remains largely unknown. circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous non-coding RNAs that play a vital role in post-transcriptional regulation. Recent reports showed circRNAs to be an important player in the development of neurodegenerative diseases like AD. In this chapter, we review recent progress on understanding the role of circRNAs in AD, and many studies implicating specific circRNAs in the development of the disease. Moreover, we explore the potential promise of these findings for future diagnosis and treatment.
Volatility of Financial Metrics: Important Data for Contingent Consideration Valuations
Authors: Covrig Vicentiu , McConaughy Daniel , Newman Adam , Nadiminti Pavan Kumar , Travers Mary Ann K.
Published: January 2022

This article presents the first detailed statistical analysis of the volatilities of various commonly encountered financial metrics used in contingent consideration (and earn-out) agreements. The valuation of contingent consideration using an option-based methodology and non-equity volatilities is becoming more common in business valuation. We provide clear evidence that the volatility of five financial metrics—revenue; earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA); EBIT, net income, and total assets—is strongly, negatively related to firm size and profitability. However, contrary to common belief, the volatility of these metrics is not related to a firm's financial leverage. We also calculated the volatilities using four different methodologies that are employed in practice. Although no theory guides the selection of methodologies, based upon our work, we have found that the year-over-year growth rate, using a quarterly frequency, provides the most reasonable results.
Hurtado de Mendoza on the “Moral” Modality
Authors: Hanke Miroslav ,   University of South Bohemia
Published: January 2022

One of the prominent debates of post-Tridentine scholasticism addressed probability, often expressed by the term “moral” (or adverbially, “morally”), originally motivated by the epistemology of decision-making and the debates on predestination and “middle knowledge”. Puente (or Pedro) Hurtado de Mendoza (1578–1641), an Iberian Jesuit and the author of one of the earliest Jesuit philosophy courses, entered this debate in the early-seventeenth century. This paper presents his 1610s and 1620s analyses of different forms or degrees of evidence, certainty, and necessity or impossibility, addressing the commonly-used trichotomy of the “metaphysical”, “physical”, and “moral”, in which “moral” is the weakest form of a modality, together with the paradigmatic examples and interesting applications of the framework.
Heidegger on Anxiety in the Face of Death—An Analysis and Extension
Authors: Moin Mehrzad A. ,   Southwestern Philosophical Society
Published: January 2022

A significant portion of the secondary literature on Martin Heidegger’s Being and Time has focused on interpreting his formal conceptions of death and anxiety. Unlike these previous works, this essay will serve to fill a gap in the Heideggerian portrayal of death. Although he argues that Dasein is anxious about death at a fundamental level and that it proximally and for the most part covers up such anxiety, Heidegger does not provide ontic evidence in support of his claim, instead opting to uncharacteristically take it as something self-evident. I attempt to supplement Heidegger’s framework by introducing Stephen Cave’s immortality narratives and the emerging field of Terror Management Theory as the aforementioned ontic evidence that rounds out Heidegger’s notion of death, before ultimately transitioning from Heidegger’s work into the larger philosophical discourse on death and demonstrating the potential joy that can manifest when one gains a lucid understanding of the ownness of their death and the narratives to which it gives rise.
Benzodiazepines consumptions: Influence on traffic accidents
Authors: Marković Srđan , Nakarada Đura , Vuković Mira , Mojović Miloš , Kastratović Dragana
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Benzodiazepines belong to the group of anxiolytic sedatives and the most prescribed drugs in the world. Since these drugs have a potential for rapid anxiolytic effect and sedation, as well as driver capability impairment, there is a lack data of safety of benzodiazepines in traffic accidents. The aim: To make an assessment of the interconnection of time series of traffic accidents outcomes with time series of Benzodiazepine anxiolytic consumption in the Republic of Serbia. Methods: This paper is a part of IV phase academic study regarding the factors potentially affecting Benzodiazepine consumption and effects. We conducted a pharmaco-epidemiological time series analysis study of monthly sold Benzodiazepine anxiolytics in pharmacies and indicators of the crush road outcome on a monthly basis in the Republic of Serbia. The research was performed from January 2014 to December 2018. Results: Applying ARIMAX modeling we found a significantly link between DID of alprazolam with monthly total traffic accident, a high stochastic regression positive association of DID of Diazepam with the dependent variable monthly total traffic accident, the prediction of monthly fatalities of traffic accident or traffic accident with severe or slight injuries per total traffic accident we have demonstrated positive influence of DID of alprazolam in second-order autoregressive and moving average model with constant. In prediction of monthly fatalities traffic accident, a significant positive influence of DID of benzodiazepines (all together) in auto-regression model without constant was demonstrated. Conclusion: Consumption of both long-acting (over 12 h) and short-acting benzodiazepines together with all other causes highly determined the total number of traffic accidents on a monthly basis in 2014-2018 in the Republic of Serbia. An assessment of the interconnection of time series of traffic accidents outcomes with time series of Benzodiazepine anxiolytic consumption in the Republic of Serbia we found a significant positive influence of DID of benzodiazepines on traffic accidents outcomes. In total, all used benzodiazepines increase the number of fatal traffic accidents by 8.5 fold per month. Alprazolam additionally contributed with about ten percent (9.7%) to the frequency of traffic accidents on a monthly basis. Measures to prevent traffic accidents at all levels should be effective immediately in order to achieve positive results timely. The authors suggest that the great responsibility is raising awareness of compliance with traffic regulations with doctors who prescribe benzodiazepines.
What is the path to successful professionals: Training in anesthesiology, resuscitation and intensive care in Serbia and Europe: Dedicated to Nenad Maksimović, MD, anesthesiologist, professional who died of COVID 19
Authors: Nešković Vojislava
Published: January 2022

Anesthesiology as a specialty is developing in the direction of perioperative medicine. The traditional role of an anesthesiologist that includes preoperative assessment, management of vital functions, delivery of anesthesia and securing amnesia during the operative procedure, has expanded to other areas of patient management that goes beyond the operating theater. There is a large variability in the existing infrastructure, technical and technological capabilities, number of medical personnel, teachers, mentors and educational opportunities between countries, cities and even hospitals. European standards for the specialization of anesthesiology, pain therapy and intensive care define a basic structure of the training program, which can be adapted in different countries according to their educational systems. Recommendations are based on modern pedagogical concepts of outcome or competency-based education. In Serbia, existing law and rule book on specialties and subspecialties of health workers and health associates define the training in anesthesiology, resuscitation and intensive care. The structure of our program is still not harmonized with European standards. As a society, we need to define competences of specialists in anesthesiology and intensive care we want to teach. We should direct our educational programs towards that goal, which should be transparent, fair, reliable and recognizable outside the borders of our country.
Anesthesiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic: Heroes of the front lines or collateral damage?: Anesthesiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rajković Marija , Ratković Sanja , Stanisavljević Jovana , Hadžibegović Adi , Milenović Miodrag
Published: January 2022

Anesthesiologists are ranked among health professionals that are most often affected by burnout syndrome. A critical view is needed to interpret data published about burnout syndrome among anesthesiologists, keeping in mind differences in methodology. This also causes difficulty to estimate the prevalence of overall burnout, no matter which professional group is studied. Safe anesthesia and surgical care are not available when needed for 5 billion of the world's 7 billion people. During the COVID-19 pandemic, even the countries with the highest numbers of Anesthesia Providers faced anesthesia shortages due to significant workload increases. The highly specialized, multidisciplinary treatment of patients during the pandemic, an increased risk of coronavirus infection, staff shortages, and a lack of equipment imposes a significant physical and cognitive burden on anesthesiologists. Burnout syndrome among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic is a critical topic. Health care workers and anesthesiologists worldwide reported relevant, work-related psychological pressure, burnout, and somatic symptoms. This fact requires attention as previous studies showed that emotional distress is associated with a long-lasting effect on professionals' health. Increasing the number of anesthesiologists, harmonizing regional, international, and world standards in education and patient safety while addressing the quality of life of anesthesiologists should be our goal, set by The World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA), so that by 2030, safe anesthesia will be available to all the people in the world.
Rational use of antibiotics during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Milovanović Jovica , Jotić Ana , Radin Zorana , Ćirković Ivana
Published: January 2022

Introduction/Aim: The global COVID-19 pandemic has long been considered an emergency, with the number of cases growing exponentially, despite constant efforts to control the infection. Although the disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, most patients are treated with antibiotic therapy. The long-term effects of such broad antibiotics use on antimicrobial resistance are still unknown and are a matter for concern. The aim of this paper is: to determine, based on the available literature, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of antibiotics; to determine the global situation regarding antimicrobial resistance; to identify key areas where urgent changes are needed. Methods: A systematic review of the current literature on the use of antibiotics in COVID-19 treatment was conducted. The PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched for papers published between March 2020 and September 2021. Results: Between 76.8% and 87.8% of patients with COVID-19 were treated with antibiotics. Antibiotics were less frequently prescribed to children, as compared to adults (38.5%, compared to 83.4%). The most commonly administered antibiotics were fluoroquinolones (20.0%), macrolides (18.9%), b-lactam antibiotics (15.0%), and cephalosporins (15.0%). Self-medication with antibiotics to prevent and treat COVID-19 has been identified as one of the important factors contributing to antimicrobial resistance. Conclusion: The impact of COVID-19 on global antimicrobial resistance is still unknown and is likely to be unevenly distributed in the general population. Although various antibiotics have been used to treat patients with COVID-19, their role and the need for their application in the treatment of this infection remains to be determined. For now, there are no reliable data as to whether the use of antibiotics in COVID-19 cases without associated bacterial infections has any effect on the course of the disease and mortality.
Abnormal uterine bleeding in women of reproductive age
Authors: Sparić Radmila , Tomašević Đina , Anđić Mladen , Spremović-Rađenović Svetlana
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the most common health disorders in women of reproductive age. In addition, it represents a significant public health problem. The aim of this paper is to present the modern classification, as well as the basis for diagnosis and treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods: This paper presents data from publications selected from the MEDLINE database using a combination of keywords: "menstrual bleeding", "abnormal uterine bleeding", "PALM-COEIN classification", "leiomyoma", "endometrial polyp", "adenomyosis", "gynecological malignancies", "coagulopathy", "diagnostics of abnormal uterine bleeding", and "treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding". The collected data from the selected studies were used and presented in this review paper. Conclusion: In order to achieve a unique classification of abnormal uterine bleeding, a classification was adopted under the name/acronym PALM-COEIN. The causes listed in the first part of the acronym (PALM) have a pathological/ anatomical cause in the reproductive organs that can be diagnosed using imaging techniques and/or histopathological examination. The causes listed in the second part of the acronym (COEIN) represent a group of dysfunctional disorders and they cannot be diagnosed using imaging techniques.