bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANAGEMENT OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Harahulia Arthur , Suslov Vladyslav , Horovoy Oleksiy
Published: February 2024

The subject of the study is the management of economic security of enterprises in the context of digital transformations. Methodology. The research uses general scientific methods, in particular: theoretical generalisation; methods of analysis and synthesis and statistical analysis, and the graphical method to visualise the results of the study. The article is aimed at highlighting the results of a study of economic security management of enterprises in the context of digital transformations. Conclusion. The article analyses the economic security of enterprises in the context of global challenges. The impact of the war on the country's economy as a whole is underestimated and has far-reaching studies at both the macro- and micro-levels. It has been determined that at the beginning of the full-scale Russia's invasion on the territory of Ukraine, there was a significant reduction in the main economic indicators of enterprises' performance compared to the previous year. The analysis showed that the volume of products (goods, services) sold in 2022 decreased by 3,8 million UAH compared to the previous year, but remained at the level of the years before the pandemic, as well as the nature of the increase in business activity due to completely closed ports and an inadequate logistics system. At the same time, the number of business entities decreased by 223 thousand units, but their number only increased during the pandemic. It was noted that the acute shortage of personnel begins in 2022 with a significant decrease in the number of employees by 1,4 thousand persons. It was emphasised that over the past ten years, the number of employed workers has fluctuated around 8 thousand people and has not decreased, and in 2022 this figure was 7,5 thousand people. The economic security management system was improved, which is based on security levels and has a complex operating system that takes into account the external environment (customers, competitors, suppliers, etc.). A system for managing economic security in the context of digital transformation is proposed, based on the characteristics of the sublevels of security - financial, economic, social, information, environmental and security. It is emphasized that the main element of improving the economic security management system is to take into account the strengthening tools, such as risk insurance, forecasting, modelling, etc.
LEGAL EFFECTS OF THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL POLICE IN THE FIELD OF ENSURING THE COMPLIANCE WITH ECONOMIC RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS OF HUMAN AND CITIZEN
Authors: Drozd Valentyna , Romanov Maksym , Nazymko Ehor
Published: February 2024

The aim is to analyse problematic issues related to the legal effect of the activities of the National Police of Ukraine in the sphere of ensuring the observance of economic rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen. The authors used the following methods: analysis (study of the subject of the article as a complex theoretical and legal category), logic (sequential and structured analysis of the topics related to the subject of the paper), interpretation (clarification of the legal content of legislative acts), systemic and structural (combination of the information obtained on the subject of research and its sequential presentation), etc. Results. The authors have established a stable relationship between the activities of the National Police of Ukraine and the mechanism for ensuring compliance with the economic rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen in a number of forms and segments that make up the national economic system. It was noted that the most important thing in the matter of ensuring the functioning of the specified mechanism is the stability and universality of legal norms determining the standards and limits of social and legal interaction in this sphere. This is because, as the example of the ongoing war unleashed by Russia on the territory of Ukraine shows, this destructive factor significantly endangers the functioning sustainability of all, without exception, state and social institutions. Practical significance. The corresponding practical component of the study is the possibility of using the above-mentioned developments in the legislative and regulatory activities, which are systematically implemented taking into account the dynamics of social and legal relations in the conditions of the active phase of hostilities on the territory of Ukraine. Value/originality. The authors have proved that the modern algorithm of the National Police of Ukraine functioning in the field of ensuring the observance of economic rights and freedoms of a man and a citizen is stable, although it is not without a number of shortcomings systematically affecting the relevant institution, which is confirmed by statistical data. The role and place of individual police units, which in turn directly ensure the functioning of the mechanism for ensuring the observance of economic rights and freedoms of a man and a citizen, have been defined.
Hydrogeological Investigations of Paghman Valleys in Kabul, Afghanistan
Authors: Rasouli Hafizullah , Belhassan Kaltoum , Vaseashta Ashok
Published: February 2024

Paghman valleys are located at the foothills of the Hindu Kush Mountain range (Afghanistan) and consist of dissimilar kinds of valleys with different rocks and sediments. Valleys in this region consist of several types of streams which are clean, due to their filtration at the valley beds. Water resources, such as streams, springs, and rivers are used for drinking, irrigation, and other general-purpose usages. Due to years of regional conflict, the general water infrastructure needs to be upgraded, however since people need water for their day-to-day activities, it is necessary to characterize various sources of water to ensure their safety. Thus, this study aims to estimate the petrographic characteristics of the Paghman valleys and predict the resource suitability of the region through certain analyses: petrographic, gravel, and sieving analysis. The study is important since no such studies exist on this subject for this region, because of decades of war and much work remains to be done due to an ever-increasing population accompanied by air pollution which may affect the water resources of the region and thus causing health problems for people. The results provided through this investigation provide some preliminary quantification of heavy and light minerals, mechanical analysis, pH determination, electrical conductivity, and Cation and Anion concentrations of heavy and light minerals in water. Furthermore, as the regional population is steadily increasing, the authors highlight policy recommendations for a range of mitigation measures for the relevant authorities to keep water and soil quality within a safe range.
Editorial on Emerging Trends in Polymeric Materials Research and Applications
Authors: Rashid Muhammad Imran
Published: February 2024

Polymeric materials especially nanocomposites (Graphene, MXene based) are widely used in food, electronics, biomedical, batteries, energy storage, fuel cells, wastewater treatment, and automotive. Nanocomposites are stronger, lighter, and stiffer and can improve properties such as mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, thermal stability, flame retardancy, surface appearance, optical clarity and chemical resistance. Current research is focusing on nanocomposites applications, CO2 capturing polymers, making polymers degradable especially developing bio composites and green compositeswhich are degradable, use of deep eutectic solvents for biomass pretreatment to manufacture bio composites or green composites and polymeric composites as drilling fluids and their use in developing ceramics and to construct sequence-controlled and complex topological structures through control of polymerization methodologies.
Synthesis, Characterization and Impedance Analysis of CalciumDoped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Ganesha K. N. , Chandrappa H , Kumaraswamy S R , Annadurai V , H. Somashekarappa  , Somashekar R
Published: February 2024

The calcium-doped ZnO nanoparticles, Zn1-xCaxO (x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075) were prepared by the solution combustion method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, Raman, FESEM-EDX, PL, Impedance, and UV-Vis. The Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffractogram yields the crystalline structure and lattice parameters. Also, the XRD analysis shows that the substitution of Ca into ZnO does not alter the Wurtzite structure of ZnO. The crystallite size of the samples, calculated using the Scherer equation, was found to be between 46 nm and 92 nm. FTIR spectra detect the ZnO-related vibration modes of the samples. The FESEM morphological images suggest the spherical shape of the synthesized nanoparticles. The EDAX spectra identify the presence of Zn, Ca, and O atoms in the samples. The Raman active modes of the ZnO phase were identified by Raman spectral analysis. The analysis of Photoluminescence (PL) spectra gives information about the UV emission and other visible bands corresponding to violet, blue, and green emission representing different intrinsic defects in synthesized nanoparticles. Using UV-vis spectroscopy, the optical transparency and band gap values were examined. The energy band gap obtained by Tauc’s plot was decreased with the increase in Ca doping. Impedance analysis shows that the grain conductivity increased with the increase in dopant concentration. Contrarily, the total conductivity decreased with the increasing doping concentration due to increased grain boundary resistance. The proposed work demonstrates the changes in microstructure, electrical conductivity, and optical bandgap energy with Ca-doping. These synthesized Ca-doped ZnO nanoparticles could be promising materials for photocatalytic applications.
Optimization and control of the brushless DC motor speed for a Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) using Fuzzy-grasshopper optimization regenerative braking system
Authors: Sochima Vincent Egoigwe  , James Eke
Published: February 2024

Transportation electrification is at the core of the possible solutions to many challenges the world is currently facing. Efficient vehicle electrification has the potential to simultaneously reduce greenhouse gasses emissions and to tackle range anxiety issues. Among different strategies for advancements in Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) efficiency, enhancing Regenerative Braking (RB) capabilities is an area with opportunities. As RB faces different impediments, upgrades in safety, efficiency, and/or battery quality of life are usually accompanied with further strain in energy management schemes, limiting RB performance. Power Electronics (PE) improvements are among the options that have the potential to benefit RB and overall efficiency. This work proposes a method to improves RB through brushless DC Motor. As the EV speed drops, the fuzzy-grasshopper optimization regulates the regenerative braking torque to maintain the braking system's dependability. The fuzzy-grasshopper optimization controller also provides real-time fulfillment of the brake distribution force between the front wheel, rear wheel, and subsection of the regenerative forces and mechanical. At the conclusion of the run, the estimated SOC for smooth roads was 23.72%, compared to the measured SOC for smooth roads of 20.71%, and the simulated FL-RB SOC is 21.25%. At the rough road's conclusion, the measured SOC was 14.8%, the SOC simulated with the FL-RB was 15.98%, whereas without the FL-RB, the predicted SOC was 20.72%.
Autism and general anesthesia for dental care
Authors: Maria I.  Dalamagka
Published: February 2024

Autism is the fastest growing serious developmental disability. Infantile autism is associated with a characteristic cognitive, language and behavioral features. Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have lifelong effects on areas of individual daily life functioning such as learning, relationships and independence. The future of anesthetic management of ASD will depend on how well we understand the etiology, psycho-social and medical issues with the disease. A wide spectrum of medical and behavioral symptoms is exhibited by children with autism, which makes routine dental care very difficult in them. Autism is a neurobehavioral and cognitive disorder characterized by impaired development of interpersonal and communication skills, limited interests, and repetitive behaviors. American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry's guidelines on Caries Risk Assessment has categorized them under High risk for physicians and other nondental health care providers and Moderate risk for dental providers. Attitude and knowledge of the oral health care professionals are of utmost importance while rendering oral health care to such children. The treatment rendered currently provides a long-term benefit for the patient. More focus had to be given for the long-term maintenance of oral health in special children. A 24-year-old autistic child with a history of seizures came to the operating room where he received general anesthesia for dental work. The awakening was particularly slow, as the patient's condition was characterized as severe autism with the corresponding medication, which interacts with the anesthetic drugs and makes awakening difficult.
Navigating the economic consequences of the Russia-Ukraine conflict: A focus on Iceland’s response and opportunities for long-term stability and growth
Authors: Namoh Singhvi
Published: February 2024

This paper presents a detailed analysis of the economic repercussions of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on the global economy, with a specific emphasis on its impact on Iceland. The study examines the disruptions in international trade, escalation in raw material prices, and the implications for various sectors and nations worldwide. The report also evaluates the effectiveness of the Icelandic government's response, including targeted financial aid packages, tax relief measures, and investments in renewable energy projects. Furthermore, it highlights the critical factors that will determine the success of these measures, such as diversification of trade partners, fiscal sustainability, and the uncertain trajectory of external developments. The paper underscores the necessity for continuous evaluation, adaptation of policies based on emerging data, and strategic planning focused on long-term economic stability and growth to navigate the economic consequences of the conflict and emerge stronger
Low crosstalk six-core five-mode fiber with high refractive index rings and air trench
Authors: Tianqi Hu  , Mengdi An  , Biyun Luo  , Hongzhi Jia
Published: February 2024

A novel six-core five-mode fiber composed of an air trench and high refractive index ring is proposed in this paper. Numerical analysis shows that the fiber can stably transmit five LP modes in the C + L band. The effective refractive index difference of the five LP modes at 1.55 μm is more significant than 1.4 × 10-3, which is conducive to the independent transmission of the modes. The inter-core crosstalk of the fiber is less than -95 (dB / 100km). Therefore, the fiber can be well used to build a large-capacity optical fiber transmission system.
Air-pollutant particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in diseases: Possible therapeutic approaches
Authors: Asish K Ghosh
Published: February 2024

Today, air pollution is one of the greatest threats to organismal healthspan. The environmental air of earth is contaminated with a wide variety of artificially generated pollutants like fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emitting from industry, fuel engine vehicles, biomass combustion, fumes from blasting, crop residue burning, and wildfire. The air pollutant PM2.5 induces massive oxidative stress and inflammation, the major contributors in initiation and progression of numerous diseases including pulmonary, cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, reproductive, neurological, mental, and accelerated biological aging. The provocative question is the following: how can we solve this air pollution associated problem? As it is not realistic to clean the environment at once from artificially generated toxic pollution, initiatives have been undertaken to develop novel therapeutic approaches to control air-pollutant-induced oxidative stress and inflammation and associated devastating diseases. The primary goal of this review article is to discuss systematically the key findings of numerous recent preclinical studies documenting first, the role of air pollutant PM2.5 in augmentation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and associated diseases; and second, the efficacies of different natural and synthetic compounds in amelioration of PM2.5-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, pyroptosis, and associated pathologies. Further investigation on the safety of these compounds will be helpful to select effective and non-toxic compound(s) for clinical trial and drug development.
Solanum aculeastrum Dunal berries: Phytochemical profiling and GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract and n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions
Authors: Gift Crucifix Pender  , Bernard Guyah  , Peter G. Mwitari  , Inyani John L. Lagu  , Mercy Jepkorir  , James H Ombaka
Published: February 2024

Background: Solanum aculeastrum is reportedly used in several diseases including gonorrhea, bronchitis, jigger infestations and wounds, and cancers. We conducted an exhaustive phytochemical and GC-MS profiling of its methanol extract and solvents’ fractions. Methods: About 4500g of dried berries of S. aculeastrum was extracted with methanol, part of which was partitioned into fractions of n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions. These fractional preparations were subjected to phytochemical and GC-MS profiling except aqueous fraction. Results: The percentage yield of 430.69g of methanol extract of berries of S.aculeastrum was 9.57%w/w, while the yields of dried 19.4g of n-hexane, 38.4g of DCM, 6.4g of ethyl acetate, 81.03g of n-butanol and 21.2g of the freeze-dried aqueous fractions were 7.08%w/w, 14.03 %w/w, 2.33%w/w, 29.60%w/w and 7.74%w/w respectively. The relative presence of glycosides, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, saponins were confirmed except quinones. GC-MS profiling of methanol extract identified 32 compounds including alkane, alcohol, carbohydrate, fatty acids, terpenoids, glycerides, vitamins and some unclassified compounds. 25 compounds including terpenoids, alkene, fatty acids, vitamin and unclassified compounds were identified in n-hexane fractions. The DCM fraction yielded 20 compounds including isoprenoid, terpenoids, amino acids, carboxylic acid and unclassified compounds. 22 compounds were identified in ethyl acetate fraction including phenol, fatty acids, alcohol, terpenoids, glycerolipid and unclassified compounds. The n-butanol fraction yielded 11 compounds including fluorinated aromatic substance, hormonal antineoplastic and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Conclusion: This study has further elaborated on the bioactive compounds in berries of S. aculeastrum, to aid robust understanding of its pharmacologic activities.
Regenerative medicine for diabetes: Unraveling the impact of stem cells
Authors: Snnehaa Bhosale  , Vishal Girbane  , Meera Deshmukh  , Pranati Tilak
Published: February 2024

Diabetes poses a significant health challenge, particularly in developing nations, with an alarming annual increase in cases. Current medications mainly focus on managing hyperglycemia and preventing complications associated with diabetes. However, the article underscores the potential of stem cells in advancing diabetes treatment, particularly in the generation of insulin-producing β-cells. It highlights the damage to these cells within the islet of Langerhans in diabetic patients, whether through autoimmune reactions in type 1 diabetes or inherent changes affecting β-cell function in type 2 diabetes. The article suggests that cell replacement strategies, such as islet transplantation, could offer therapeutic options for diabetes. Stem cells, capable of differentiating into specialized cells, are presented as a promising avenue for creating insulin-producing β-cells, aiming to restore normal insulin levels and providing a more comprehensive and long-term solution compared to current medications. While the potential is promising, it's essential to note that stem cell therapies are still in the experimental stage, necessitating further research and clinical trials to establish their safety and efficacy for widespread use in diabetes treatment.
Advantages of wound instillation of local anaesthetic drug mixture along with an additive through surgical drains (drain block) for postoperative analgesia after Modified Radical Mastectomy: A case series
Authors: Sourav Mondal  , Deepa Chakrabarti  , Deepanwita Das
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study is to report six cases of Drain Block for postoperative analgesia after Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM). The procedure was carried out at Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, among 6 female patients aged 32-75 years, who were diagnosed with unilateral breast carcinoma and were posted for MRM. Upon completion of MRM, all patients received a 40 ml solution of local anaesthetic drug mixture comprising of 0.5% isobaric bupivacaine (2 mg/kg) and 2% lignocaine (4 mg/kg) along with 2 ml of 50% Magnesium sulphate as an additive. The 40 ml solution was equally divided and instilled through both the surgical drains (pectoral and axillary drains). Thereafter, the drains were then clamped for 20 minutes and later declamped. The postoperative analgesic outcome was measured in terms of pain and mobility. Pain was quantified with VAS, while mobility was assessed using the evaluation of range of motion with the help of bio-physiological method. The documentation was carried out every 4 hours and continued for twenty-four hours postoperatively. No patient required rescue opioids for the first 18 postoperative hours, with 2 patients having no requirements (VAS < 4) for the first 22 postoperative hours. There were no limitations in ipsilateral arm abduction in immediate postoperative hours in any of the patients. Drain block, combining the beneficial effect of lignocaine on disease free survival in oncology patients and its potency to reduce dependence on postoperative opioids requirements, might prove to be a game changer by comprehensively covering all significant aspects of postoperative analgesia after MRM.
Securing financial data storage: A review of cybersecurity challenges and solutions
Authors: Chinwe Chinazo Okoye  , Ekene Ezinwa Nwankwo  , Favour Oluwadamilare Usman  , Noluthando Zamanjomane Mhlongo  , Olubusola Odeyemi  , Chinedu Ugochukwu Ike
Published: February 2024

In an era where the digital transformation of the financial sector has become both a boon and a battleground, this paper delves into the intricate dynamics of cybersecurity within financial data storage. With the relentless advancement of technology and the concomitant rise in cyber threats, the safeguarding of financial data emerges as a paramount concern. This study sets out with the aim to dissect the current cybersecurity challenges, scrutinize the effectiveness of existing protective measures, and explore the potential of emerging technologies in fortifying financial data against cyber incursions. Employing a qualitative analysis that draws upon a wide array of scholarly contributions, the paper meticulously evaluates the landscape of cybersecurity threats, regulatory frameworks, and the transformative impact of technological innovations like artificial intelligence on financial data security. The findings reveal a significant gap between the sophistication of cyber threats and the current cybersecurity measures, underscoring the urgent need for financial institutions to adopt more robust and advanced defensive strategies. The study further highlights the critical role of regulatory bodies in shaping a resilient cybersecurity framework that not only addresses current vulnerabilities but is also adaptable to future challenges. Conclusively, the paper advocates for a collaborative approach towards cybersecurity, emphasizing the synergy between financial institutions, technology firms, and regulatory agencies in crafting a secure financial ecosystem. Recommendations include the adoption of cutting-edge technologies, the formulation of dynamic regulatory policies, and the fostering of a culture of continuous learning and adaptation to emerging cyber threats. This comprehensive exploration aims to serve as a beacon for stakeholders in the financial sector, guiding them towards a more secure and trustworthy digital future.
Big data applications in portfolio management: A review of techniques and strategies
Authors: Olubusola Odeyemi  , Noluthando Zamanjomane Mhlongo  , Ekene Ezinwa Nwankwo  , Uzondu Chikodiri Scholatica  , Chinwe Chinazo Okoye
Published: February 2024

In the ever-evolving landscape of finance, the advent of big data has ushered in a paradigm shift, transforming the art and science of portfolio management from its traditional moorings to a future where data reigns supreme. This paper delves into the intricate dance between big data and portfolio management, aiming to demystify the journey from historical practices to the forefront of technological innovation in finance. Through a meticulous examination, the study sets out to map the evolution of portfolio management in the digital age, scrutinize the technological foundations essential for big data analytics, and explore the symbiotic relationship between big data capabilities and investment strategies. Employing a systematic literature review as its methodological backbone, the research navigates through the complexities of integrating big data into portfolio management, offering a panoramic view of the current landscape and the challenges that lie ahead. The findings illuminate the transformative impact of big data analytics, highlighting its potential to enhance decision-making, optimize risk assessment, and unearth new investment opportunities. However, the journey is fraught with challenges, including data privacy concerns, ethical considerations, and the need for continuous technological adaptation. In conclusion, the study advocates for a proactive embrace of big data, urging portfolio managers to cultivate a culture of innovation, ethical vigilance, and lifelong learning. As the financial sector stands on the brink of a data-driven era, this paper calls for a strategic reorientation towards the integration of big data analytics in portfolio management, paving the way for a future where informed decision-making and strategic foresight are paramount.
Strategic HRM in the logistics and shipping sector: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Damilola Emmanuel Ogedengbe  , Funmilola Olatundun Olatoye  , James Olakunle Oladapo  , Ekene Ezinwa Nwankwo  , Oluwatobi Timothy Soyombo  , Uzondu Chikodiri Scholastica
Published: February 2024

Strategic Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a critical role in the success and sustainability of organizations, particularly in dynamic and competitive industries such as logistics and shipping. This review explores the challenges and opportunities inherent in implementing Strategic HRM practices within the logistics and shipping sector. In recent years, the logistics and shipping industry has witnessed significant transformations due to globalization, technological advancements, and evolving customer demands. Consequently, HRM strategies must adapt to these changes to effectively manage human capital and drive organizational performance. One of the primary challenges faced by HR professionals in the logistics and shipping sector is the recruitment and retention of skilled talent. The industry's high demand for specialized skills, coupled with a shortage of qualified professionals, intensifies competition among companies. Moreover, the transient nature of employment in this sector, characterized by seasonal fluctuations and contract-based arrangements, complicates talent management efforts. Strategic HRM approaches must address these challenges by implementing robust recruitment strategies, offering competitive compensation packages, and providing opportunities for continuous learning and career development. Additionally, the logistics and shipping industry operates in a highly regulated environment with stringent safety and compliance standards. HRM practices must ensure that employees are adequately trained and compliant with industry regulations to mitigate risks and maintain operational efficiency. This necessitates the implementation of rigorous training programs, safety protocols, and performance management systems to uphold organizational standards and ensure employee well-being. Despite these challenges, Strategic HRM in the logistics and shipping sector presents significant opportunities for innovation and growth. Advancements in technology, such as automation and data analytics, enable HR professionals to streamline processes, enhance workforce productivity, and make data-driven decisions. Moreover, strategic partnerships with educational institutions and vocational training centers can facilitate the development of a skilled workforce tailored to the industry's evolving needs. Strategic HRM in the logistics and shipping sector is vital for addressing challenges, optimizing workforce performance, and capitalizing on opportunities for sustainable growth. By adopting a strategic approach to human resource management, organizations can navigate the complexities of the industry landscape and achieve competitive advantage in the global market.
Driving sustainable growth in SME manufacturing: The role of digital transformation, project, and capture management
Authors: Kehinde Feranmi Awonuga  , Ekene Ezinwa Nwankwo  , James Olakunle Oladapo  , Chinwe Chinazo Okoye  , Olusegun Gbenga Odunaiya  , Uzondu Chikodiri Scholastica
Published: February 2024

In the landscape of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) within the manufacturing sector, achieving sustainable growth amidst increasing competition and evolving market demands presents a significant challenge. This abstract delves into the pivotal role of digital transformation, project management, and capture management in fostering sustainable growth for SME manufacturers. Digital transformation has emerged as a transformative force, offering SME manufacturers unprecedented opportunities to optimize processes, enhance efficiency, and expand their market reach. Through the adoption of advanced technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and cloud computing, SMEs can streamline operations, improve product quality, and swiftly adapt to changing consumer preferences. Moreover, effective project management plays a crucial role in driving sustainable growth by ensuring timely delivery of products, cost optimization, and resource utilization. By implementing robust project management methodologies such as Agile or Lean, SME manufacturers can mitigate risks, enhance collaboration, and accelerate innovation, thereby gaining a competitive edge in the market. Furthermore, capture management, encompassing the identification, qualification, and pursuit of business opportunities, is instrumental in securing long-term growth for SME manufacturers. By strategically identifying target markets, understanding customer needs, and developing tailored solutions, SMEs can effectively capitalize on emerging opportunities and strengthen their market position. However, harnessing the synergies between digital transformation, project management, and capture management requires a comprehensive strategic approach. SME manufacturers must invest in cultivating a culture of innovation, fostering cross-functional collaboration, and nurturing talent equipped with the requisite digital and managerial skills. Driving sustainable growth in SME manufacturing necessitates a holistic approach that integrates digital transformation, project management, and capture management strategies. By embracing technological advancements, optimizing operational processes, and seizing market opportunities, SME manufacturers can embark on a trajectory of sustained success in the ever-evolving landscape of manufacturing.
Leadership styles and their impact on healthcare management effectiveness: A review
Authors: Fumilola Olatundun Olatoye  , Oluwafunmi Adijat Elufioye  , Chinwe Chinazo Okoye  , Ekene Ezinwa Nwankwo  , James Olakunle Oladapo
Published: February 2024

This research examines leadership styles in healthcare and their impact on management effectiveness. The study identifies challenges, including resistance to change and hierarchical structures, influencing leadership adoption by analyzing transformational, transactional, servant, and other styles. Recommendations for healthcare leaders emphasize adaptability, continuous learning, employee well-being, interdisciplinary collaborations, and transparent communication. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, cross-cultural analyses, technology integration, comparative assessments across settings, and emerging leadership models. Effective leadership is crucial for navigating complexities in the healthcare sector, fostering a positive work environment, and achieving optimal patient care.
Human resources challenges in global health organizations: Managing a diverse and dispersed workforce
Authors: Funmilola Olatundun Olatoye  , Oluwafunmi Adijat Elufioye  , James Olakunle Oladapo  , Ekene Ezinwa Nwankwo  , Chinwe Chinazo Okoye
Published: February 2024

In the dynamic landscape of global health organizations, Human Resources (HR) faces unique challenges in managing a diverse and dispersed workforce. This review explores the multifaceted issues that HR professionals encounter while navigating the intricacies of global health settings. One of the foremost challenges is the diversity inherent in the workforce of global health organizations. These entities often bring together professionals from diverse cultural, educational, and professional backgrounds, creating a melting pot of perspectives and approaches. HR must devise strategies to foster inclusivity, address cultural differences, and promote effective communication to harness the collective strength of this diverse talent pool. Furthermore, the dispersed nature of global health organizations presents a logistical challenge for HR management. With teams spread across different geographic locations, time zones, and cultural contexts, coordinating and integrating human resources practices becomes inherently complex. Virtual collaboration tools and innovative communication strategies become imperative to bridge the geographical gaps and create a cohesive organizational culture. Managing talent retention and development in such a context becomes crucial. HR professionals need to design policies and programs that cater to the professional growth and well-being of employees regardless of their physical location. This involves implementing virtual training programs, mentorship initiatives, and performance evaluation systems that transcend geographical boundaries. Moreover, compliance with local and international labor laws adds another layer of complexity to HR management in global health organizations. Navigating the legal landscape and ensuring adherence to diverse regulatory frameworks require a nuanced approach and continuous monitoring. Human Resources faces a myriad of challenges in global health organizations, from fostering diversity and inclusion to navigating the complexities of a dispersed workforce. Successfully addressing these challenges demands a strategic and adaptive HR approach, leveraging technology, cultural sensitivity, and innovative practices to create a unified and thriving global health workforce.
Cross-cultural leadership styles in multinational corporations: A comparative literature review
Authors: Ekene Ezinwa Nwankwo  , Damilola Emmanuel Ogedengbe  , James Olakumle Oladapo  , Oluwatobi Timothy Soyombo  , Chinwe Chinazo Okoye
Published: February 2024

This review explores the dynamic landscape of cross-cultural leadership styles within multinational corporations (MNCs). As organizations expand globally, understanding the intricate interplay of cultural nuances on leadership becomes imperative for sustainable success. This study delves into existing research to compare and contrast various cross-cultural leadership styles prevalent in MNCs, aiming to provide insights into the complexities and challenges faced by leaders operating in diverse cultural contexts. The review identifies key cultural dimensions, such as individualism-collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity-femininity, and long-term orientation, which significantly influence leadership behaviors across different societies. Scholars argue that effective cross-cultural leadership requires a nuanced approach that acknowledges and integrates these cultural dimensions. The analysis highlights how leaders must navigate cultural diversity, adapt their communication styles, and cultivate a global mindset to foster collaboration and cohesion within multinational teams. Additionally, the review sheds light on the role of cultural intelligence (CQ) and its impact on leadership effectiveness in MNCs. Leaders with high CQ demonstrate the ability to comprehend, adapt, and capitalize on cultural differences, fostering positive outcomes in diverse organizational settings. The synthesis of literature also addresses the challenges faced by leaders, including ethnocentrism, stereotype biases, and the need for continuous learning and development in the face of evolving global business landscapes. By comparing findings from various studies, this review contributes to a comprehensive understanding of cross-cultural leadership in MNCs. It emphasizes the need for leadership development programs that cultivate cultural awareness and sensitivity, ultimately fostering adaptive and effective leaders capable of navigating the intricate web of global business environments. As organizations strive for international success, the insights gleaned from this review provide a foundation for refining leadership strategies that align with the diverse cultural fabric of multinational workforces.
Behavioral economics and consumer protection in the U.S.: A review: Understanding how psychological factors shape consumer policies and regulations
Authors: Olusegun Gbenga Odunaiya  , Ekene Ezinwa Nwankwo  , Chinwe Chinazo Okoye  , Uzondu Chikodiri Scholastica
Published: February 2024

This study explores the integration of behavioral economics into consumer protection policies, focusing on the influence of psychological factors on consumer behavior and the implications for market efficiency and consumer welfare. Employing a systematic literature review and content analysis, the research scrutinizes peer-reviewed articles, policy reports, and case studies from 2008 onwards to identify the impact of cognitive biases and heuristics on consumer decisions and the effectiveness of behavioral interventions in enhancing consumer protection. The methodology hinges on a comprehensive search strategy, with inclusion and exclusion criteria meticulously applied to ensure the relevance and quality of the literature reviewed. Key findings reveal that psychological factors significantly affect consumer choices, often leading to outcomes that deviate from optimal welfare and efficiency. Behavioral economics, through its insights into consumer behavior, offers innovative approaches to policy-making that can mitigate these effects, enhancing consumer protection and market functionality. The study identifies challenges and opportunities in the evolving landscape of consumer protection, emphasizing the need for adaptive regulatory frameworks and the potential of digital technologies to understand and influence consumer behavior. Final recommendations advocate for dynamic policies, consumer education, and collaboration among stakeholders to address emerging consumer risks effectively. The study concludes that behavioral economics holds transformative potential for consumer protection, urging continued exploration and innovation in policy development to safeguard consumer interests in a rapidly changing market environment.
The future of accounting: Predictions on automation and AI integration
Authors: Adeola Olusola Ajayi-Nifise  , Olubusola Odeyemi  , Noluthando Zamanjomane Mhlongo  , Titilola Falaiye  , Oluwafunmi Adijat Elufioye  , Kehinde Feranmi Awonuga  , Ekene Ezinwa Nwankwo
Published: February 2024

As we stand on the brink of a transformative era, the future of accounting is intricately linked with the rapid evolution of automation and artificial intelligence (AI). This review delves into predictions regarding the integration of these technologies into the accounting landscape. The impending future is characterized by the increasing reliance on automation to streamline routine tasks, enhance efficiency, and mitigate the risk of errors in accounting processes. Automation is poised to revolutionize traditional bookkeeping, data entry, and reconciliation, allowing accountants to redirect their focus towards higher-value analytical tasks. The integration of robotic process automation (RPA) is anticipated to facilitate seamless collaboration between human expertise and machine precision. In parallel, artificial intelligence is set to become a cornerstone of accounting practices, offering advanced capabilities for data analysis, pattern recognition, and predictive modeling. AI's ability to interpret complex financial data and discern meaningful insights positions it as a valuable tool for decision support. Predictive analytics powered by AI is expected to revolutionize forecasting, enabling accountants to make strategic decisions based on data-driven foresight. Furthermore, the rise of AI-driven chatbots and virtual assistants is predicted to redefine client interactions and support services. These technologies are anticipated to enhance customer experience by providing instant responses to queries, facilitating smoother communication, and offering personalized financial guidance. However, the integration of automation and AI in accounting raises important considerations. Ethical concerns, data security, and the potential displacement of certain job functions are pivotal aspects that demand careful examination. Striking a balance between technological advancements and preserving ethical standards will be a critical challenge in the future accounting landscape. In conclusion, the future of accounting is shaped by the convergence of automation and AI, promising a paradigm shift in how financial information is processed, analyzed, and utilized. While automation and AI bring forth unprecedented opportunities for efficiency and insight, their implementation necessitates a thoughtful approach to ensure ethical conduct and address the evolving role of accountants in this transformative journey.
Climate risk assessment in insurance: A USA and Africa Review
Authors: Olusegun Gbenga Odunaiya  , Chinwe Chinazo Okoye  , Ekene Ezinwa Nwankwo  , Titilola Falaiye
Published: February 2024

Climate risk assessment in insurance is a critical component of understanding and mitigating the impacts of climate change on the insurance industry. This paper provides a comprehensive review of climate risk assessment practices in the insurance sector, focusing on both the United States (USA) and Africa. The study explores the unique challenges and opportunities each region faces in the context of climate-related risks. In the USA, a mature and well-established insurance market grapples with the increasing frequency and severity of climate-related events. Hurricanes, wildfires, and floods have become more prevalent, necessitating a thorough evaluation of risk models and actuarial practices. The paper delves into how American insurers are adapting to these challenges through advancements in technology, data analytics, and collaboration with climate scientists. The role of regulatory frameworks and government initiatives in shaping the industry's response is also explored. Contrastingly, the African insurance landscape faces its own set of challenges in the wake of climate change. The continent is particularly vulnerable to extreme weather events, such as droughts and storms, impacting both agriculture and infrastructure. The paper investigates the unique considerations in climate risk assessment for African insurers, including the need for localized data, community-based resilience initiatives, and the potential for innovative insurance products that cater to the specific needs of the population. A comparative analysis highlights the disparities in resources, infrastructure, and regulatory frameworks between the two regions. It also underscores the importance of international collaboration in sharing best practices and facilitating the transfer of knowledge and technology. The paper emphasizes the role of insurers not only as financial risk mitigators but also as key stakeholders in promoting climate resilience and sustainability. This paper provides valuable insights into the evolving landscape of climate risk assessment in insurance, offering a nuanced understanding of the challenges faced by the USA and Africa. The findings aim to inform policymakers, insurers, and other stakeholders, fostering a proactive approach to climate resilience in the global insurance industry.
Blockchain in global supply chains: A comparative review of USA and African practices
Authors: Emuesiri Ejairu  , Noluthando Zamanjomane Mhlongo  , Olubusola Odeyemi  , Ekene Ezinwa Nwankwo  , Olusegun Gbenga Odunaiya
Published: February 2024

In the contemporary landscape of international trade, the adoption of blockchain technology in global supply chains has garnered significant attention. This comparative review delves into the practices of the United States and African countries, examining the implementation, challenges, and potential benefits of blockchain in enhancing supply chain efficiency. The United States, as a global economic powerhouse, has been at the forefront of integrating blockchain into its supply chain processes. The American approach emphasizes transparency, traceability, and accountability. Blockchain technology provides a decentralized and immutable ledger, enabling seamless tracking of goods from their origin to the end consumer. The use of smart contracts automates and streamlines contractual agreements, reducing paperwork and minimizing delays. While the adoption in the USA is relatively widespread, challenges include the need for standardized protocols, regulatory frameworks, and overcoming resistance to change within established systems. In contrast, the African continent presents a diverse and evolving landscape in the adoption of blockchain within supply chains. Several African nations have recognized the potential of blockchain to address longstanding issues such as counterfeit goods, fraud, and inefficiencies in logistics. Blockchain offers a decentralized solution that can empower local producers and facilitate international trade. However, challenges in Africa include limited technological infrastructure, varying levels of regulatory frameworks, and the need for capacity building. Collaborative efforts between governments, private sectors, and international organizations are essential to overcoming these obstacles. Both the USA and African countries stand to benefit from blockchain adoption in global supply chains. Increased transparency reduces the risk of fraud and enhances trust between stakeholders. The immutable nature of blockchain records ensures data integrity, contributing to the overall resilience of the supply chain. However, successful implementation requires a nuanced understanding of local contexts, regulatory frameworks, and technological capacities. This comparative review serves as a foundation for future research and policy development, shedding light on the dynamic landscape of blockchain adoption in global supply chains across diverse socio-economic environments.