bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post-COVID care delivery: The experience from an Irish tertiary centre’s post-COVID clinic
Authors: Heeney Aoife , Connolly Stephen P. , Dillon Rachel , O’Donnell Aisling , McSweeney Tara , O’Kelly Brendan , Cotter Aoife G. , Sheehan Gerard , Lambert John S. , Muldoon Eavan G. , McGinty Tara
Published: August 2023

Background

The long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and optimal follow-up approach are not well-recognised. Here we describe the implementation of a post-COVID clinic in an Irish tertiary centre after the first wave of the pandemic. This study describes the characteristics of our patient cohort and the operations and outcomes of the clinic, exploring some of the risk factors for developing post-COVID syndrome and the appropriateness of the triage system employed.

Methods

All SARS-CoV-2 positive patients from March 10th to June 14th 2020 were telephone-triaged as red, amber or green based on ongoing symptoms with clinic appointments scheduled accordingly. All clinic visits were face-to-face with the infectious diseases medical team and a proforma for each patient was completed. Data were collected retrospectively by reviewing the proformas and the electronic medical record (EMR).

Results

311 patients attended the clinic. Median time from illness to clinic appointment was 95 days (IQR 77–105.5). 204 patients (66%) were female, 192 (62%) were hospital staff, and the median age was 43 years (IQR 31–53). 138 patients (44%) had required hospital admission. At their first clinic visit 219 patients (70%) had ongoing symptoms. A further appointment was made for 62 patients (20%). 34 patients (11%) were discussed at an MDT meeting, and 55 (18%) were referred onward to a specialist service. 85% of those triaged green, 73% of those triaged amber, and 39% of those triaged red did not receive further follow up after one clinic visit. Patients were more likely to require follow up with reported dyspnoea (OR 5.6; 95% CI 2.8–11.3; p <0.001), cough (OR 3.0; 95% CI 1.1–8.4, p = 0.04), and palpitations (OR 3.6; 95% CI 1.0–12.3; p = 0.04). Female sex was associated with increased odds of a higher triage category (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.08 to 3.20; p = 0.02), as was requiring admission to hospital (OR 4.0; 95% CI 2.34 to 6.90; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The long-term effects of COVID-19 are significant with 70% of our cohort experiencing persistent symptoms. Persistent dyspnoea, cough and palpitations were associated with increased need for follow up. This study also suggests that a traffic light telephone-triage service followed by a face-to-face medical-led clinic could be an effective way of identifying patients who require further management.
Association between blood miR-26a levels following artificial insemination, and pregnancy outcome in dairy cattle
Authors: Tzelos Thomas , Lee Seungmee , Pegg Alex , Donadeu F. Xavier
Published: August 2023

Early pregnancy diagnosis is key to maximise productivity of dairy herds. We previously showed that an increase in the levels of miR-26 could be detected as soon as day 8 of pregnancy in heifers. The aims of this study were to determine whether 1) plasma miR-26 levels would be distinctly elevated, retrospectively, early after artificial insemination in lactating cows with successful compared to failed pregnancies, 2) the early increase in miRNA levels in cows with successful pregnancy could be accounted for by changes in miRNA expression in white blood cells (WBCs), presumably induced by the effects of embryo-derived interferon tau (IFNt), and 3) plasma miRNA levels may provide a reliable early predictor of pregnancy that could be used at a herd level. Blood samples were taken from a total of 34 dairy cows (lactation number 1 to 4) before (D0) and 9 and 18 days after artificial insemination at oestrus, followed by confirmation of pregnancy status by ultrasound on D32. In addition, WBCs collected from non-pregnant cows (n = 4) were stimulated in vitro with recombinant ovine IFNt (0–100 pg/ml). Levels of miRNAs and ISG15, a known IFNt-induced gene, were quantified by qPCR. Relative to D0, a larger increase in plasma miR-26a (P = 0.04) occurred on D9 in cows later confirmed to be pregnant (n = 12) than in cows with a failed pregnancy (n = 22). Expression of miR-26a in WBCs was not affected (P>0.1) by pregnancy status or IFNt stimulation in vitro, in contrast to ISG15 expression which increased markedly (P<0.0001) both in WBC samples collected on D18 from animals later confirmed to be pregnant, and in WBCs after stimulation with IFNt in vitro. Finally, ROC analyses revealed that miR-26a on D9 or D18 could predict pregnancy outcome with much lower accuracy than WBC ISG15 on D18 (Likelihood ratio, 2.3 vs 15.4). In summary, a modest increase in plasma miR-26a levels occurs during early pregnancy in mature dairy cows which may not accounted for by changes in miRNA levels in WBCs or the effects of IFNt. Moreover, compared to ISG15, changes in miR-26a levels may not provide an accurate test for early diagnosis of pregnancy in cows.
Comparing molecular representations, e-nose signals, and other featurization, for learning to smell aroma molecules
Authors: Debnath Tanoy , Badreddine Samy , Kumari Priyadarshini , Spranger Michael
Published: August 2023

Recent research has attempted to predict our perception of odorants using Machine Learning models. The featurization of the olfactory stimuli usually represents the odorants using molecular structure parameters, molecular fingerprints, mass spectra, or e-nose signals. However, the impact of the choice of featurization on predictive performance remains poorly reported in direct comparative studies. This paper experiments with different sensory features for several olfactory perception tasks. We investigate the multilabel classification of aroma molecules in odor descriptors. We investigate single-label classification not only in fine-grained odor descriptors (‘orange’, ‘waxy’, etc.), but also in odor descriptor groups. We created a database of odor vectors for 114 aroma molecules to conduct our experiments using a QCM (Quartz Crystal Microbalance) type smell sensor module (Aroma Coder®V2 Set). We compare these smell features with different baseline features to evaluate the cluster composition, considering the frequencies of the top odor descriptors carried by the aroma molecules. Experimental results suggest a statistically significant better performance of the QCM type smell sensor module compared with other baseline features with F1 evaluation metric.
Aged gut microbiota contribute to different changes in antioxidant defense in the heart and liver after transfer to germ-free mice
Authors: Hong Yang , Dong Han , Zhou Jing , Luo Ya , Yuan Ming-Ming , Zhan Jia-Fei , Liu Yang-Lu , Xia Jie-Ying , Zhang Lei
Published: August 2023

Age-associated impairment in antioxidant defense is an important cause of oxidative stress, and elderly individuals are usually associated with gut microbiota (GM) changes. Studies have suggested a potential relationship between the GM and changes in antioxidant defense in aging animals. Direct evidence regarding the impact of aging-associated shifts in GM on the antioxidant defense is lacking. The heart is a kind of postmitotic tissue, which is more prone to oxidative stress than the liver (mitotic tissue). To test and compare the influence of an aged GM on antioxidant defense changes in the heart and liver of the host, in this study, GM from young adolescent (5 weeks) or aged (20 months) mice was transferred to young adolescent (5 weeks) germ-free (GF) mice (N = 5 per group) by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Four weeks after the first FMT was performed, fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. Blood, heart and liver samples were harvested for oxidative stress marker and antioxidant defense analysis. The results showed that mice that received young or aged microbiota showed clear differences in GM composition and diversity. Mice that received aged microbiota had a lower ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes in GM at the phylum level and an increased relative abundance of four GM genera: Akkermansia, Dubosiella, Alistipes and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group. In addition, GM α-diversity scores based on the Shannon index and Simpson index were significantly higher in aged GM-treated mice. Oxidative stress marker and antioxidant defense tests showed that FMT from aged donors did not have a significant influence on malondialdehyde content in serum, heart and liver. However, the capacity of anti-hydroxyl radicals in the heart and liver, as well as the capacity of anti-superoxide anions in the liver, were significantly increased in mice with aged microbiota. FMT from aged donors increased the activities of Cu/Zn superoxide SOD (Cu/Zn-SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase in the heart, as well as the activity of Cu/Zn-SOD in the liver. Positive correlations were found between Cu/Zn-SOD activity and radical scavenging capacities. On the other hand, glutathione reductase activity and glutathione content in the liver were decreased in mice that received aged GM. These findings suggest that aged GM transplantation from hosts is sufficient to influence the antioxidant defense system of young adolescent recipients in an organ-dependent manner, which highlights the importance of the GM in the aging process of the host.
An improved approach for ecological modeling of social phenomena in Blau space
Authors: Harder Nicolas L. , Brashears Matthew E.
Published: August 2023

Advances in computation have opened new vistas for modeling of sociodemographic niches and related constructs, enabling us to rectify limitations that unavoidably plagued earlier generations of researchers. This is especially true for Blau space, a sociodemographic niche model used to explore competition between social entities over resources, such as memberships. While this approach has been successful in using probabilistic representations of social networks and resource niches, its modeling framework has remained essentially unchanged for over 40 years, and lacks the ability to make predictions about the future states of sociodemographic space. We present a novel Hybrid Blau space (HBS) model, which utilizes a cellular framework and probabilistic urn models to simulate competition over resources while suffering from fewer limitations. We apply this new model to the General Social Survey, running two sets of models from a series of variables (age, education, income, and sex) and utilize an adjustable range of sociodemographic information for local simulation of organizational competition. We also demonstrate the model’s predictive ability, as well as introduce new methods of validation and fit.
Evaluation of a large-scale health department naloxone distribution program: Per capita naloxone distribution and overdose morality
Authors: Freiermuth Caroline E. , Ancona Rachel M. , Brown Jennifer L. , Punches Brittany E. , Ryan Shawn A. , Ingram Tim , Lyons Michael S.
Published: August 2023

Objectives

To report per-capita distribution of take-home naloxone to lay bystanders and evaluate changes in opioid overdose mortality in the county over time.

Methods

Hamilton County Public Health in southwestern Ohio led the program from Oct 2017-Dec 2019. Analyses included all cartons distributed within Hamilton County or in surrounding counties to people who reported a home address within Hamilton County. Per capita distribution was estimated using publicly available census data. Opioid overdose mortality was compared between the period before (Oct 2015-Sep 2017) and during (Oct 2017-Sep 2019) the program.

Results

A total of 10,416 cartons were included for analyses, with a total per capita distribution of 1,275 cartons per 100,000 county residents (average annual rate of 588/100,000). Median monthly opioid overdose mortality in the two years before (28 persons, 95% CI 25–31) and during (26, 95% CI 23–28) the program did not differ significantly.

Conclusions

Massive and rapid naloxone distribution to lay bystanders is feasible. Even large-scale take-home naloxone distribution may not substantially reduce opioid overdose mortality rates.
Opposite effects of rapid auditory stimulation on tetanized and non-tetanized tone of adjacent frequency: Mismatch negativity study
Authors: Kostanian Daria , Kleeva Daria , Soghoyan Gurgen , Rebreikina Anna , Sysoeva Olga
Published: August 2023

Our study describes the effects of sensory tetanization on neurophysiological and behavioral measures in humans linking cellular studies of long-term potentiation with high-level brain processes. Rapid (every 75ms) presentation of pure tone (1020 Hz, 50ms) for 2 minutes was preceded and followed by oddball blocks that contained the same stimulus presented as deviant (probability of 5–10%) interspersed with standard (80–90%) and deviant tones (5–10%) of adjacent frequencies (1000 and 980Hz, respectively). Mismatch negativity (MMN) component in response to tetanized tone (1020Hz), while being similar to MMN for non-tetanized tone before tetanization, became larger than that after tetanization, pointing to the increase in cortical differentiation of these tones. However, this differentiation was partially due to the MMN decrease after tetanization for tones adjacent to tetanized frequency, suggesting the influence of lateral inhibition to this effect. Although MMN correlated with tone discriminability in a psychophysical task, the behavioral improvement after tetanization was not statistically detectable. To conclude, short-term auditory tetanization affects cortical representation of tones that are not limited to the tetanized stimuli.
Effects of bile salt-stimulated lipase on blood cells and associations with disease activity in human inflammatory joint disorders
Authors: Lindquist Susanne , Wang Yuhang , Andersson Eva-Lotta , Tsuji Grebe Shizuko , Alenius Gerd-Marie , Rantapää-Dahlqvist Solbritt , Lundberg Lennart , Hernell Olle
Published: August 2023

The bile salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL) was originally recognized as a lipolytic enzyme expressed by the exocrine pancreas and in some species, notably humans, the lactating mammary gland, being secreted into the duodenum and with the mother’s milk, respectively. However, BSSL is also present in the blood and has been assigned additional functions, even beyond the gastrointestinal tract. Conventional BSSL knockout mice are protected from developing disease in animal models of arthritis, and antibodies directed towards BSSL prevent or mitigate disease in similar models. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of BSSL as a newly discovered player in inflammation and specifically in inflammatory joint disorders. As part of mechanism of action, we here show that BSSL is secreted by neutrophils, interacts with monocytes and stimulates their migration in vitro. An anti-BSSL antibody that blocks the human BSSL-monocyte interaction was shown to simultaneously prevent the signaling pathway by which BSSL induce cell migration. Moreover, in this cohort study we show that BSSL levels are significantly higher in blood samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis compared to healthy controls. The BSSL levels in patients’ blood also correlated with disease activity scores and established inflammatory markers. Hence, although the mode of action is not yet fully clarified, we conclude that BSSL could be considered a proinflammatory component in the innate immune system and thus a possible novel target for treatment of chronic inflammation.
An empirical research on employee welfare and internal control quality
Authors: Lin Dongchuan , Tang Xuesong , Li Hongyi , He Guozhu
Published: August 2023

Internal control is the key to achieve high-quality development of enterprises, but internal control failure cases frequently occur at home and abroad. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore ways to improve the quality of internal control and promote high-quality development of enterprises. Taking non-financial listed enterprises in China from 2015 to 2020 as research samples, this paper adopts empirical research methods to research the impact and mechanism of employee welfare on the quality of internal control of enterprises from the perspective of all-employee governance, aiming to explore ways for enterprises to improve the quality of internal control.The results showed that employee welfare can improve the quality of internal controls significantly. Furthermore, the effect is more significant in non-employee-intensive industries and high-marketization areas. Based on the analysis of internal control elements, the research found that employee welfare affects the quality of internal control mainly through two elements, risk assessment and control activities. However, the effects of employee welfare on the three other elements are insignificant. This paper enriched the relevant research on the economic consequences of employee welfare and the factors affecting the quality of internal control, and has certain enlightenment significance for the popularization of employee welfare, especially supplementary pension, and also provides a reference path for the improvement of the quality of internal control.
The association between maternal body mass index and serial plasma oxytocin levels during labor
Authors: Ramö Isgren Anna , Carlhäll Sara , Dennis Retrato Mark , Kodikara Chamali , A. Ubhayasekera Kumari , Kjölhede Preben , Bergquist Jonas , Blomberg Marie
Published: August 2023

Objective

To evaluate the association between maternal body mass index (BMI) and plasma oxytocin (OT) levels at different OT infusion rates in labor.

Methods

A prospective observational study analyzing serial plasma samples in laboring women with OT infusion. The women were categorized into three groups, women with non-obesity (BMI 18.5–29.9, n = 12), obesity (BMI 30.0–34.9, n = 13), and morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 35.0, n = 15). Plasma OT was analyzed using tandem mass spectrometry.

Results

Except for a low positive correlation between OT levels and BMI and significantly increased plasma OT levels in women with morbid obesity at the OT infusion rate of 3.3 mU/min, no significant differences in OT levels between the BMI groups were found. Further, the inter-individual differences in OT levels were large and no dose-dependent increase of OT levels was seen.

Conclusions

Other factors than plasma OT levels may be more likely to determine the clinical response of OT infusion in women with obesity. Perhaps the observed clinical need and individual response would be a better predictor of plasma OT levels than a pre-determined OT infusion rate. The OT dosage guidelines for labor augmentation should be individualized according to clinical response rather than generalized.

Trial registration

Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04093479.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in veno-venous-ECMO patients—A retrospective study on incidence, causes and outcome
Authors: Booke Hendrik , Zacharowski Kai , Adam Elisabeth Hannah , Raimann Florian Jürgen , Bauer Frederike , Flinspach Armin Niklas
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Cardiac arrest in a modern intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with poor outcome although optimal resources are present at all times. Data on cardiac arrest (CA) of the increasing cohort of patients with veno-venous-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) are not available. Due to the highly invasive nature of this procedure, other incidences and causes of cardiac arrest are expected when compared to the ICU population without ECMO. This study focuses on cardiac arrest under VV-ECMO treatment.

Methods

Retrospective single-center observational study including all VV-ECMO patients from 1st January 2019 until 31st March 2022. Primary focus of this study was number and causes for CA during VV-ECMO treatment. Secondary endpoints were treatment procedure, complications and outcome.

Results

140 patients were treated with VV-ECMO in the study period. Of those, 23 patients had 29 CA with need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during VV-ECMO treatment. Nearly half of all CA (48%; n = 14) occurred during medical procedures and 21% (n = 6) were device related. Pulseless electric activity (PEA) was the most common rhythm upon CPR initiation (72%). ROSC was achieved in 86%, two CA (6.9%) resulted in extracorporeal CPR. Survival to hospital discharge was 13% following CPR.

Conclusion

CA occurs in over 15% of all patients treated with a VV-ECMO. Medical procedures during VV-ECMO are associated with a high risk of CA and should be planned with care. Also, the rate of ROSC was very high, only a small number of patients survived the overall VV-ECMO treatment course.
Drosophila immune priming to Enterococcus faecalis relies on immune tolerance rather than resistance
Authors: Cabrera Kevin , Hoard Duncan S. , Gibson Olivia , Martinez Daniel I. , Wunderlich Zeba
Published: August 2023

Innate immune priming increases an organism’s survival of a second infection after an initial, non-lethal infection. We used Drosophila melanogaster and an insect-derived strain of Enterococcus faecalis to study transcriptional control of priming. In contrast to other pathogens, the enhanced survival in primed animals does not correlate with decreased E. faecalis load. Further analysis shows that primed organisms tolerate, rather than resist infection. Using RNA-seq of immune tissues, we found many genes were upregulated in only primed flies, suggesting a distinct transcriptional program in response to initial and secondary infections. In contrast, few genes continuously express throughout the experiment or more efficiently re-activate upon reinfection. Priming experiments in immune deficient mutants revealed Imd is largely dispensable for responding to a single infection but needed to fully prime. Together, this indicates the fly’s innate immune response is plastic—differing in immune strategy, transcriptional program, and pathway use depending on infection history.
The MGF300-2R protein of African swine fever virus is associated with viral pathogenicity by promoting the autophagic degradation of IKKα and IKKβ through the recruitment of TOLLIP
Authors: Wang Tao , Luo Rui , Zhang Jing , Lu Zhanhao , Li Lian-Feng , Zheng Yong-Hui , Pan Li , Lan Jing , Zhai Huanjie , Huang Shujian , Sun Yuan , Qiu Hua-Ji
Published: August 2023

The multigene family genes (MGFs) in the left variable region (LVR) of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) genome have been reported to be involved in viral replication in primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) and virulence in pigs. However, the exact functions of key MGFs in the LVR that regulate the replication and virulence of ASFV remain unclear. In this study, we identified the MGF300-2R gene to be critical for viral replication in PAMs by deleting different sets of MGFs in the LVR from the highly virulent strain ASFV HLJ/18 (ASFV-WT). The ASFV mutant lacking the MGF300-2R gene (Del2R) showed a 1-log reduction in viral titer, and induced higher IL-1β and TNF-α production in PAMs than did ASFV-WT. Mechanistically, the MGF300-2R protein was found to interact with and degrade IKKα and IKKβ via the selective autophagy pathway. Furthermore, we showed that MGF300-2R promoted the K27-linked polyubiquitination of IKKα and IKKβ, which subsequently served as a recognition signal for the cargo receptor TOLLIP-mediated selective autophagic degradation. Importantly, Del2R exhibited a significant reduction in both replication and virulence compared with ASFV-WT in pigs, likely due to the increased IL-1β and TNF-α, indicating that MGF300-2R is a virulence determinant. These findings reveal that MGF300-2R suppresses host innate immune responses by mediating the degradation of IKKα and IKKβ, which provides clues to paving the way for the rational design of live attenuated vaccines to control ASF.
Streptococcus pneumoniae eta Haemophilus influenzae bakterio-espezieek eragindako infekzio inbaditzaile eta ez-inbaditzaileak: txertaketaren eraginak
Authors: Ibar-Bariain Maitane , Lecaroz Agara María Concepción , Rodríguez-Gascón Alicia , Isla Arantxa , Canut Blasco And´res
Published: August 2023

Streptococcus pneumoniae eta Haemophilus influenzae bakterio-espezieek eragindako infekzioek prebalentzia handia dute eta infekzio inbaditzaileek koadro larriak dakartzate. Prebentziorako estrategia nagusia txertaketa da. Txerto pneumokoziko konjugatuak (PCV; ingelesezko sigla) eta b motako H. influenzaeren (Hib) aurkako txertoak haurren txertaketa-egutegian ezarrita daude. Txerto polisakaridiko pneumokozikoa (PPSV23; ingelesezko sigla), aldiz, 65 urtetik gorakoak diren helduetan erabiltzen da, eta infekzio pneumokozikoa edukitzeko edo, infekzioa izanez gero, konplikazio larriak garatzeko probabilitatea duten gainerako helduetan eta 2 urtetik gorako haurretan erabiltzea gomendatzen da. Txerto hauen ondorioz mikroorganismo hauek eragindako infekzioen intzidentzia eta hilkortasuna murriztu da, hala ere, gaixotasun inbaditzaileak karga handia suposatzen du. Gainera, serotipoen banaketan eta antimikrobianoekiko sentikortasun-profilean ere aldaketak eragin izan dituzte. Txertoen ezarpena eta estaldura mantentzea garrantzitsua da, baina baita gaixotasun pneumokozikoaren eta Hib-k eragindako gaixotasun inbaditzailearen zaintza epidemiologiko jarraitua egitea ere, aldaketa epidemiologikoen monitorizazioa eta etorkizunerako prebentzio-neurrien eta txerto berrien garapenaren ebaluazioa ahalbidetzeko.
"A gútai nemzet" Gúta mezőváros társadalma, 1768–1870
Authors: Angyal Béla
Published: August 2023

ANGYAL BÉLA: „A GÚTAI NEMZET”. GÚTA MEZŐVÁROS TÁRSADALMA, 1768–1870 Kivonat Disszertációmban több évtizedes kutatómunka eredményei alapján a szülővárosom, Gúta 18–19. századi társadalmát mutattam be. Elsősorban levéltári forrásokra támaszkodva kvantitatív és kvalitatív módszerekkel igyekeztem a mezővárosban lejátszódott, társadalmi, demográfiai, gazdasági folyamatokat bemutatni az 1768-as úrbérrendezéstől 1870-ig, az első hivatalos magyar népszámlálásig. A levéltári források földolgozása során a teljességre törekedtem, a jelenségeket a mintavételek helyett a teljes idősorok figyelembevételével elemeztem. A téma alapvetően makroszintű megközelítése mellett több mikrotörténelmi elem, a családfakutatás és az egyéni életutak bemutatása is megjelenik a munkámban. A földesúri joghatóság alatt álló város lakossága a vizsgált időszakban csaknem homogén magyar nemzetiségű, római katolikus vallású volt. Rendi szempontból csaknem kizárólag a nem nemesekhez, a jobbágysághoz tartozók alkották a lakosságot. A nemesek aránya pár százalékot ért el csupán a városban. A mezőváros népessége elsősorban állattartásból, rétgazdálkodásból, halászatból, gyümölcstermesztésből tartotta fenn magát. Gabonatermesztést nagyrészt a környező pusztákon folytatott. A vizsgált időszakot a jobbágyfölszabadításig, a meglévő mezővárosi kiváltságok ellenére, az úrbéri viszonyok megmerevedése, a jobbágyság szigorúbb, kötöttebb rendszere jellemezte, amely korlátozta a paraszti fejlődést. A puszták fokozatosan a földesúr, az esztergomi érsekség kezelésébe kerültek, majorságok jöttek létre az egykor gútaiak által bérelt földterületeken. A parasztság mezőgazdasági létalapjának szűkülésével párhuzamosan egy folyamatos népességnövekedés is zajlott. A születésszabályozás ismeretlen volt a mezőváros társadalmában, a lakosság létszámának növekedését csupán a visszatérő járványok és éhínségek zavarták. A parasztföldek szűkülése és a gyors népességnövekedés mellett a fiúági öröklési rend is hozzájárult a pauperizáció folyamatához, a jobbágytelkek szétaprózódásához. Gúta társadalma a kedvezőtlen, elszegényedés felé vezető folyamatokra többféle választ igyekezett adni. A vizsgált időszakban megfigyelhető a háztartások bonyolultabbá válása, a többcsaládos háztartások magas aránya, a rokon családok együttgazdálkodása, együttlakása. Ezzel igyekeztek a családtagok státuszát megőrizni, a zsellérsorba süllyedésüket vagy az elvándorlásukat megakadályozni. A mezőváros lakosságának kollektíve adott válasza a kedvezőtlen folyamatokra az érsekséggel szemben a puszták birtoklásáért, a vélt és valós előjogokért folytatott per volt, amely azonban a város számára kedvezőtlen eredménnyel zárult.
Variable Intrafamilial Expression of ABCB4 Disease
Authors: Zampaglione Lucia , Rougemont Anne-Laure , Rubbia-Brandt Laura , Abramowicz Marc , Guipponi Michel , Marchionni Enrica , McLin Valerie , Goossens Nicolas
Published: August 2023

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3) is a rare cholestatic liver disease with autosomal recessive inheritance caused by mutations in the ABCB4 gene. The clinical presentation of PFIC3 varies significantly, displaying incomplete penetrance without clear genotype-phenotype correlations. As such, the suitability of living-related liver donation for children with advanced disease has been questioned. We report here the long-term follow-up of a patient with PFIC3 resulting in decompensated cirrhosis at 11 years who successfully underwent living donor liver transplantation from his father, who carried the same ABCB4 homozygous mutation.
A Case of Familial Appendiceal Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Ghattas Souad , Hadeer Ribal Aby , Maalouf Hani , Al Bitar Jad , Younes Ahmad , Rahban Hind , El Rassi Ziad
Published: August 2023

The risk of developing appendiceal neuroendocrine tumor (aNET) may be attributed to multiple factors. A familial clustering is found in less than 1% of the cases. We report the case of a 25-year-old woman who initially presented with a clinical presentation of acute appendicitis and was subsequently diagnosed with aNET by histopathological examination after an emergency appendectomy. While revealing the result to the patient, she was found to have a positive family history of appendiceal carcinoid tumor. Although rare and only found in 1% of the cases, aNET found in family history should raise the suspicion of neuroendocrine tumors in other family members.
Ischemic Colitis Due to Idiopathic Myointimal Hyperplasia of the Mesenteric Veins
Authors: Noujaim Michael G. , Tang Helen , Kalisz Kevin , Iranzad Natasha , Wild Daniel
Published: August 2023

Idiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins (IMHMV) is a rare and poorly understood noninflammatory ischemic colitis. First reported by Genta and Haggitt in 1991, the disease typically presents with chronic abdominal pain, weight loss, and diarrhea with or without hematochezia in middle-aged men. IMHMV is frequently misdiagnosed as an inflammatory bowel disease. The pathophysiology of IMHMV involves the proliferation of the intimal smooth muscle in mesenteric veins leading to bowel ischemia. The etiology of this process remains unknown. There are no good medical therapies for IMHMV, and surgical resection, a curative intervention, is typically required to make the diagnosis. We present the case of a 66-year-old man with IMHMV diagnosed with endoscopic biopsies.
Uma passagem secreta no beco sem saída: o ensino de ciências da natureza e o debate sobre o desenvolvimento do pensamento para alunos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos
Authors: Messeder Neto Hélio da Silva , Tavares Igor Oliveira , Santos Lorena de Souza
Published: August 2023

É comum na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) uma suspeita sobre a capacidade cognitiva dos estudantes, assumindo que eles não conseguiriam aprender ciências da natureza, pois esta seria supostamente uma ciência muito abstrata. Por outro lado, tentando combater essa concepção, muitos trabalhos terminam por advogar que o ensino de ciências da natureza deve se vincular ao dia a dia e apelam para uma valorização do saber espontâneo dos estudantes da EJA, quase desvalorizando o conhecimento escolar, desconsiderando, assim, a importância que os conhecimentos científicos têm para o desenvolvimento do sujeito para além das suas necessidades e usos imediatos. Entendendo que nenhuma dessas concepções potencializa o trabalho na Educação de Jovens e Adultos, este trabalho tem como objetivo debater qual o papel do conhecimento científico no pensamento dos adultos e visa, a partir dos fundamentos da psicologia histórico-cultural, tensionar visões preconceituosas sobre os alunos da EJA, ao mesmo tempo que evidencia o impacto do conhecimento científico no pensamento dos alunos desse segmento. O artigo é dividido em duas partes, na primeira, apresenta-se uma análise do funcionamento e desenvolvimento do pensamento sobre as teorias de Lev Vigotski e Vasili Davidov, na segunda parte, na mediação com o ensino de ciências da natureza, tratamos das contribuições para o desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico na EJA.
Contribuições de V. V. Repkin às reflexões sobre a aprendizagem na Atividade de Estudo que considere a subjetividade
Authors: Carcanholo Flávia Pimenta de Souza
Published: August 2023

Este artigo é fruto do recorte de uma pesquisa em nível de Doutorado em Educação. Visa apresentar uma breve discussão sobre a aprendizagem na Atividade de Estudo pela perspectiva da Didática Desenvolvimental, de forma que considere a subjetividade do estudante. Para tanto, utilizou-se dos fundamentos teóricos do Sistema Elkonin-Davidov-Repkin e da Teoria da Subjetividade, de maneira que pudessem elucidar novas perspectivas ao conceito de aprendizagem. Juntamente a esses estudos, foram identificadas afirmações nos trabalhos de V. V. Repkin que contribuíram para encontrar reflexões que aproximassem as duas teorias estudadas e indicassem que a aprendizagem é produzida pelo sujeito enquanto fonte, em atividade e de maneira subjetiva. Considera-se, por fim, que este estudo suscita refletir sobre novas perspectivas teóricas sobre o conceito de aprendizagem para contribuir ao avanço da didática.
Contribuições de V. V. Repkin para pensar a educação dos estudantes com deficiência intelectual: apontamentos introdutórios
Authors: Santos Geandra Claudia Silva , Anache Alexandra Ayach
Published: August 2023

Este artigo objetiva identificar e refletir sobre as contribuições do V. V. Repkin para pensar a educação dos estudantes com deficiência intelectual. Esse propósito se configura como uma aproximação teórica inicial com a temática porque o autor em tela não direcionou suas pesquisas e proposições didáticas aos estudantes com deficiência. Repkin contribuiu significativamente para a produção teórico-experimental no âmbito da Teoria da Aprendizagem Desenvolvimental, que avançou na compreensão do papel da educação no desenvolvimento psíquico dos estudantes a partir da obra de Vigotski; com efeito, ressaltou-se a importância do desenvolvimento do sujeito como fonte da atividade de estudo. Assim, o autor nos mobiliza a buscar em sua obra a possibilidade de construir novas zonas de inteligibilidade para ampliar e adensar os estudos pertinentes à aprendizagem conceitual dos estudantes com deficiência intelectual – ainda insuficientemente tratada nos campos de produção científica das áreas da Psicologia, Pedagogia e Didática. Para tanto, as reflexões elaboradas orientaram-se pelos fundamentos de Vigotski e Repkin, buscando tessituras teóricas entre os autores a fim de subsidiar a produção de apontamentos introdutórios face à complexidade do tema. Movimentadas pelo seguinte dilema: os estudos e pesquisas fundamentados na Teoria Histórico-Cultural defendem que os estudantes com desenvolvimento atípico têm condições de escolarizar-se, desde que as condições sejam adequadas e ofertadas por meio de processos colaborativos e inclusivos, no entanto, a Escola, sob a égide do capitalismo, fundamenta-se em explicações fatalistas e/ou biologizantes sobre as possibilidades de aprendizagem conceitual desses estudantes, simplificando o processo educativo, com impactos na aprendizagem dos estudantes.
Um olhar da psicologia histórico-cultural sobre as ações das pedagogas diante do TDAH e a dislexia
Authors: Vechiatto Lorena , Leonardo Nilza Sanches Tessaro
Published: August 2023

Tendo o objetivo de investigar quais são as ações das pedagogas a partir da confirmação dos diagnósticos de Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) e a Dislexia, realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo com duas profissionais de escola pública e outras duas de escola privada. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e analisados a partir da realidade concreta, na qual as pedagogas estão inseridas, e suas condições objetivas de apropriação do papel social que devem executar diante dos denominados problemas de aprendizagem e de comportamento dos seus alunos. Concluiu-se que ambas as escolas utilizam o diagnóstico para respaldarem suas ações com foco no indivíduo e assegurar que os professores tenham ciência de que seu aluno é portador de um “transtorno”. Desse modo, as pedagogas não reconhecem que é o conjunto de suas ações o caminho para formação e desenvolvimento do aluno e sentem-se inseguras e despreparadas para trabalhar com os alunos diagnosticados.
Aprendendo a fazer perguntas na aula de literatura: respostas de múltiplos sentidos em uma comunidade de leitores
Authors: Gómez Israel Acosta , Toruncha José Zilberstein , Calcines Juan Ramón Montaño
Published: August 2023

O artigo destaca a importância de ensinar a fazer perguntas para, assim, estimular a compreensão dos alunos sobre o objeto de conhecimento, desvendando o que é comum, o que é diferente, o que é essencial, e, assim, conseguir que eles incorporem a pergunta como parte de sua atividade na vida diária e desenvolver o pensamento teórico. Aprender a perguntar implica aprender a ouvir, a levar em conta a opinião dos outros, a modular um processo de ensino-aprendizagem onde a apropriação do conteúdo de ensino seja, antes de tudo, uma oportunidade de aprender de forma significativa. O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar dois procedimentos didáticos para conversação literária, assumindo as Fases para o desenvolvimento da Conversa Literária de Leibrandt e o Procedimento Didático Aprender a perguntar é retomado.
Teoria da Aprendizagem Desenvolvimental (TAD): diálogo com Manoel Oriosvaldo de Moura
Authors: Moura Manoel Oriosvaldo de , Longarezi Andréa Maturano , Puentes Roberto Valdés
Published: August 2023

Manoel Oriosvaldo de Moura, professor aposentado Sênior da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo/BR, é responsável pela criação do Laboratório de Matemática; do projeto Clube de Matemática; bem como do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre a Atividade Pedagógica (GEPAPe). O Prof. Ori é autor que marca seu compromisso com a produção e popularização do conhecimento científico por meio de ações de ensino, extensão e publicização. Sua trajetória foi marcada por uma humanidade indescritível, com uma posição política, ideológica e pedagógica sempre comprometida com a luta pela igualdade e desalienação; o que o levou a defender uma perspectiva de educação marxista, pautada por processos de humanização. Sem nunca ter abandonado suas raízes piauienses, construiu sua vida profissional e acadêmica em São Paulo/SP, onde desenvolveu (de forma colaborativa) uma proposta metodológica denominada Atividade Orientadora de Ensino, pautada nos pressupostos da Teoria da Atividade leontiviana.
Relato de pesquisa sobre a intervenção dos psicólogos em grupos de atendimento psicoeducacional: contribuições da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural
Authors: Oliveira Glaucia Rodrigues da Silva de , Firbida Fabíola Batista Gomes , Facci Marilda Gonçalves Dias
Published: August 2023

O enfrentamento da Psicologia Escolar no Brasil, com relação aos problemas no processo ensino-aprendizagem, muitas vezes incidiu em práticas voltadas aos alunos, desconectadas do contexto escolar, e inclinadas à patologização do educando. Na contramão dessa prática, presenciamos atuações que buscam levar em conta as condições histórico-sociais que permeiam o processo ensino-aprendizagem, conforme será exposto neste artigo. Nosso o objetivo é relatar dados de uma pesquisa que teve como foco o atendimento psicoeducacional, realizado por psicólogos, como forma de auxiliar a escola na superação das dificuldades no processo de escolarização. O estudo foi fundamentado na Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, e contou com uma pesquisa de campo na qual foram efetuadas atividades com um grupo de alunos do ensino fundamental I com queixas escolares encaminhados por uma escola pública localizada no noroeste do Estado do Paraná. Realizamos encontros em grupo semanalmente. Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa demonstraram que as mediações realizadas por psicólogos no grupo de atendimento psicoeducacional auxiliam na superação das dificuldades no processo de escolarização; que a unidade afeto-cognição mobiliza a apropriação dos conhecimentos; e que a proposição de atividades provoca o desenvolvimento interfuncional das funções psicológicas superiores, oportunizando avanços no desenvolvimento dos alunos. Esse tipo de atividade, portanto, contribui com a escola no sentido de levar os estudantes a se apropriarem dos conhecimentos científicos.
Topology of tropical moduli spaces of weighted stable curves in higher genus
Authors: Kannan Siddarth , Li Shiyue , Serpente Stefano , He Yun Claudia
Published: August 2023

We study the topology of moduli spaces of weighted stable tropical curves Δg

,w
with fixed genus and unit volume. The space Δg

,w
arises as the dual complex of the divisor of singular curves in Hassett’s moduli space M
g

,w
of weighted stable curves. When the genus is positive, we show that Δg

,w
is simply connected for any choice of weight vector w. We also give a formula for the Euler characteristic of Δg

,w
in terms of the combinatorics of the weight vector.
Non-local gradients in bounded domains motivated by continuum mechanics: Fundamental theorem of calculus and embeddings
Authors: Bellido José Carlos , Cueto Javier , Mora-Corral Carlos
Published: August 2023

In this article, we develop a new set of results based on a non-local gradient jointly inspired by the Riesz

s

s

-fractional gradient and peridynamics, in the sense that its integration domain depends on a ball of radius

δ
>
0

\delta \gt 0

(horizon of interaction among particles, in the terminology of peridynamics), while keeping at the same time the singularity of the Riesz potential in its integration kernel. Accordingly, we define a functional space suitable for non-local models in calculus of variations and partial differential equations. Our motivation is to develop the proper functional analysis framework to tackle non-local models in continuum mechanics, which requires working with bounded domains, while retaining the good mathematical properties of Riesz

s

s

-fractional gradients. This functional space is defined consistently with Sobolev and Bessel fractional ones: we consider the closure of smooth functions under the natural norm obtained as the sum of the

L

p

{L}^{p}

norms of the function and its non-local gradient. Among the results showed in this investigation, we highlight a non-local version of the fundamental theorem of calculus (namely, a representation formula where a function can be recovered from its non-local gradient), which allows us to prove inequalities in the spirit of Poincaré, Morrey, Trudinger, and Hardy as well as the corresponding compact embeddings. These results are enough to show the existence of minimizers of general energy functionals under the assumption of convexity. Equilibrium conditions in this non-local situation are also established, and those can be viewed as a new class of non-local partial differential equations in bounded domains.
Assessing OpenStreetMap roads fitness-for-use for disaster risk assessment in developing countries: The case of Burundi
Authors: Campalani Piero , Pittore Massimiliano , Renner Kathrin
Published: August 2023

Evidence shows how disasters caused by extreme weather events are surely becoming more frequent at all latitudes, and are definitely representing an ever-growing risk in the floods- and landslides-prone territory of Burundi. The still present inequalities of its society and the vulnerable economy make this African country a very relevant and particularly complex case for hazards risk management. A fundamental step in this task is to correctly map the so-called exposure elements to risk, which most notably comprise the population and households, the critical infrastructure, and the transportation network. In this article, we assess the quality of the OpenStreetMap (OSM) roads database in Burundi at national level, with a perspective in its fitness-for-use in the assistance for disaster risk mitigation purposes, which were adopted in the context of a recent multi-hazards risk assessment and mapping exercise on behalf of the International Organisation for Migration. Despite not touching all aspects of volunteered geographic information data quality that are commonly found in literature for a comprehensive assessment, we believe the information provided in this study can be of help for stakeholders in their decision to use the OSM dataset in an otherwise data-scarce area.
Avoiding stress on non-lexical material in nouns and verbs: predictable verb prosody in Serbo-Croatian stress standard varieties
Authors: Simonović Marko , Kager René
Published: August 2023

We consider two asymmetries reported in the literature on word prosodic systems: the tendency to allow more prosodic contrast in nouns than in verbs and the tendency to avoid stress on functional material. We focus on the interaction between these two tendencies and propose a formal mechanism to handle this interaction couched in Optimality Theory. In a case study on a group of standard Serbo-Croatian varieties that have predictable stress in verbs but contrastive stress in nouns, we develop an analysis of predictable and morphologically conditioned stress assignment. Our analysis features a family of constraints militating against stress on non-lexical material on three different levels: stress on inflection proper (
*Infl-Stress-1), stress on non-lexical material in the locality domain of inflection (
*Infl-Stress-2), and stress on non-lexical material altogether (
*Infl-Stress-3). Analyzing a class of prosodically exceptional denominal and borrowed verbs, we show that lexical-category effects exist between and within categories: denominal verbs allow exceptional preservation of nominal stress, which leads to additional prosodic contrast in this class of verbs. Finally, we explore the option of subsuming exceptionally contrast-preserving borrowed verbs under denominal verbs, offering arguments in favor of the hotly debated view from the literature that verbs are universally borrowed as denominal.
Effect of Cu addition on microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al–15Mg2Si composite
Authors: Hesami Leila , Taghiabadi Reza , Ghoncheh Mohammad Hossein , Emami Mohammad , Saghafi Yazdi Morteza
Published: August 2023

The Cu effect on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of Al–15Mg2Si composites was studied. The results showed that Cu addition decreased the average size of primary Mg2Si (Mg2SiP) particles, changed the hopper-like Mg2SiP particles to polyhedrals, and caused the formation of θ-Al2Cu and Q-Al5Mg8Si6Cu2 compounds in the composite matrix. According to the image analysis results, increasing the Cu content from 0.01 to 5 wt% halved the average size of Mg2SiP particles, increased their fraction by about 40 %, and increased the composite porosity content. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that adding 5 wt% of Cu resulted in an increase of about 3.7 times in the corrosion resistance as compared to Al–15Mg2Si composite. The beneficial effects of Cu were also confirmed by the potentiodynamic polarization experiments. Cu addition seems to promote less intense general corrosion than the base alloy’s localized attack.