bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La métamorphose dans la littérature française des XIIe et XIIIe siècles
Authors: Noacco Cristina
Published: October 2016

La métamorphose est omniprésente au Moyen Âge. Puisant dans un fonds mythologique païen, les auteurs ont construit une poétique de la muance qui intègre une représentation chrétienne. Cristina Noacco propose un panorama des formes de la métamorphose, thème universel pour penser les relations entre l'homme et la nature, entre l'homme et Dieu, pour représenter les fluctuations de l'âme et la destinée, les variations de la nature et la stabilité de l'Être.
DASHMM: Dynamic Adaptive System for Hierarchical Multipole Methods
Authors: DeBuhr J. , Zhang B. , Tsueda A. , Tilstra-Smith V. , Sterling T.
Published: October 2016

We present DASHMM, a general library implementing multipole methods (including both Barnes-Hut and the Fast Multipole Method). DASHMM relies on dynamic adaptive runtime techniques provided by the HPX-5 system to parallelize the resulting multipole moment computation. The result is a library that is easy-to-use, extensible, scalable, efficient, and portable. We present both the abstractions defined by DASHMM as well as the specific features of HPX-5 that allow the library to execute scalably and efficiently.
High Order Fixed-Point Sweeping WENO Methods for Steady State of Hyperbolic Conservation Laws and Its Convergence Study
Authors: Wu Liang , Zhang Yong-Tao , Zhang Shuhai , Shu Chi-Wang
Published: October 2016

Fixed-point iterative sweeping methods were developed in the literature to efficiently solve static Hamilton-Jacobi equations. This class of methods utilizes the Gauss-Seidel iterations and alternating sweeping strategy to achieve fast convergence rate. They take advantage of the properties of hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs) and try to cover a family of characteristics of the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equation in a certain direction simultaneously in each sweeping order. Different from other fast sweeping methods, fixed-point iterative sweeping methods have the advantages such as that they have explicit forms and do not involve inverse operation of nonlinear local systems. In principle, it can be applied in solving very general equations using any monotone numerical fluxes and high order approximations easily. In this paper, based on the recently developed fifth order WENO schemes which improve the convergence of the classical WENO schemes by removing slight post-shock oscillations, we design fifth order fixed-point sweeping WENO methods for efficient computation of steady state solution of hyperbolic conservation laws. Especially, we show that although the methods do not have linear computational complexity, they converge to steady state solutions much faster than regular time-marching approach by stability improvement for high order schemes with a forward Euler time-marching.
Future shift of the relative roles of precipitation and temperature in controlling annual runoff in the conterminous United States
Authors: Duan Kai , Sun Ge , McNulty Steven G. , Caldwell Peter V. , Cohen Erika C. , Sun Shanlei , Aldridge Heather D. , Zhou Decheng , Zhang Liangxia , Zhang Yang
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Precipitation and temperature are the two key climatic variables that control the hydrological cycle and water availability for humans. This study examines the potential shift of the relative roles of precipitation and temperature in controlling annual runoff in the conterminous United States (CONUS), using a water-centric ecohydrological model driven with historical records and climate scenarios constructed from 20 CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) climate models. The results suggest that precipitation has been the primary control of runoff variability and trend during the latest decades. However, the influence of temperature is projected to increase in a continued warming future in the 21st century. Despite considerable uncertainty and regional diversity, the multi-model ensemble reveals a high degree of consistency in the general increasing trend of both precipitation and temperature in the future, imposing positive and negative effects on annual runoff, respectively. The magnitude of temperature effect tends to exceed that of precipitation, and thus leads to an overall decrease of 8 ~ 30 mm yr−1 (3 % ~ 11 %) runoff by 2100. Overall, temperature and precipitation changes are expected to contribute to runoff change by 58 % ~ 65 % and 31 % ~ 39 % separately, indicating that the role of rising temperature may outweigh that of precipitation in the later part of the 21st century. Across the CONUS, runoff decrease and increase in 34 % ~ 52 % and 11 % ~ 12 % of the land area are expected to be dominated by long-term changes in temperature and precipitation, respectively. We found that the vast croplands and grasslands across the central and forests in the northwestern regions might be particularly vulnerable to water supply decline caused by the changing climate.
AN INITIAL DESIGN OF ISO 19152:2012 LADM BASED VALUATION AND TAXATION
DATA MODEL
Authors: Çağdaş V. , Kara A. , van Oosterom P. , Lemmen C. , Işıkdağ Ü. , Kathmann R. , Stubkjær E.
Published: October 2016

Abstract. A fiscal registry or database is supposed to record geometric, legal, physical, economic, and environmental characteristics in relation to property units, which are subject to immovable property valuation and taxation. Apart from procedural standards, there is no internationally accepted data standard that defines the semantics of fiscal databases. The ISO 19152:2012 Land Administration Domain Model (LADM), as an international land administration standard focuses on legal requirements, but considers out of scope specifications of external information systems including valuation and taxation databases. However, it provides a formalism which allows for an extension that responds to the fiscal requirements. This paper introduces an initial version of a LADM – Fiscal Extension Module for the specification of databases used in immovable property valuation and taxation. The extension module is designed to facilitate all stages of immovable property taxation, namely the identification of properties and taxpayers, assessment of properties through single or mass appraisal procedures, automatic generation of sales statistics, and the management of tax collection, dealing with arrears and appeals. It is expected that the initial version will be refined through further activities held by a possible joint working group under FIG Commission 7 (Cadastre and Land Management) and FIG Commission 9 (Valuation and the Management of Real Estate) in collaboration with other relevant international bodies.
PREDICTION OF BUILDING FLOORPLANS USING LOGICAL AND STOCHASTIC
REASONING BASED ON SPARSE OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Loch-Dehbi S. , Dehbi Y. , Gröger G. , Plümer L.
Published: October 2016

Abstract. This paper introduces a novel method for the automatic derivation of building floorplans and indoor models. Our approach is based on a logical and stochastic reasoning using sparse observations such as building room areas. No further sensor observations like 3D point clouds are needed. Our method benefits from an extensive prior knowledge of functional dependencies and probability density functions of shape and location parameters of rooms depending on their functional use. The determination of posterior beliefs is performed using Bayesian Networks. Stochastic reasoning is complex since the problem is characterized by a mixture of discrete and continuous parameters that are in turn correlated by non-linear constraints. To cope with this kind of complexity, the proposed reasoner combines statistical methods with constraint propagation. It generates a limited number of hypotheses in a model-based top-down approach. It predicts floorplans based on a-priori localised windows. The use of Gaussian mixture models, constraint solvers and stochastic models helps to cope with the a-priori infinite space of the possible floorplan instantiations.
PROPOSAL FOR A NEW LOD AND MULTI-REPRESENTATION CONCEPT FOR CITYGML
Authors: Löwner M.-O. , Gröger G. , Benner J. , Biljecki F. , Nagel C.
Published: October 2016

Abstract. The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) CityGML standard offers a Level of Detail (LoD) concept that enables the representation of CityGML features from a very detailed to a less detailed description. Due to a rising application variety, the current LoD concept seems to be too inflexible. Here, we present a multi representation concept (MRC) that enables a user-defined definition of LoDs. Because CityGML is an international standard, official profiles of the MRC are proposed. However, encoding of the defined profiles reveals many problems including mapping the conceptual model to the normative encoding, missing technologies and so on. Therefore, we propose to use the MRC as a meta model for the further definition of an LoD concept for CityGML 3.0.
On the Effect of Goal Setting on Self-Directed Learning, Achievement Motivation, and Academic Achievement among Students
Authors: Hematian Fatemeh , Rezaei Ali Mohammad , Mohammadyfar Mohammad Ali
Published: October 2016

This study aimed to investigate the effect of goal setting on self-directed learning, achievement motivation, and academic achievement in students. All secondary school students at eighth grade in Semnan city in 2015 constituted the population of the study. From among this population, the number of 40 students with the lowest scores in self-directed learning and achievement motivation was randomly selected as the sample. Then, these students were equally placed in two experimental and control groups. In the next stage, the pretest was administered to both groups and the experimental group received nine training sessions of self-directed learning. It is noteworthy that the control group received no intervention. In this study, pretest-posttest along with control group design was used. Fisher, King & Tague's Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale and Herman's Questionnaire Measure of Achievement Motivation along with students' grade point average scores (first semester as the pretest and second semester as the posttest) were used for data collection purposes. Next, data analysis was performed using multivariate MANCOVA and univariate ANCOVA. The results showed that teaching of goal setting had a significant effect on the improvement of self-directed learning and achievement motivation; however, it had no significant effect on students' academic achievement. According to the obtained results, it is recommended that goal setting be taught to promote self-directed learning and achievement motivation.
El método buttonhole como técnica de punción de la fístula arteriovenosa en hemodiálisis: Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Amador-Marín Bárbara , Martínez-Montilla José Manuel
Published: October 2016

Introducción: La hemodiálisis es el tratamiento de elección en los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica. La clave para un tratamiento adecuado es tener un buen acceso vascular. Por ello, las fístulas arteriovenosas son consideradas la mejor opción. Uno de los principales factores que influyen en la supervivencia de estas es la técnica de punción realizada. El objetivo principal del estudio fue conocer el método buttonhole como técnica de punción de la fístula arteriovenosa en la hemodiálisis.

Metodología: Se realizó una revisión de la literatura científica a través de las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cinahl y Cuiden Plus, desde 2011 hasta 2016. Además, se realizó una búsqueda secundaría manual.

Resultados: Las estrategias iniciales de búsquedas identificaron un total de 84 resultados, siendo finalmente seleccionados 7 estudios. Los resultados encontrados han sido muy diversos, encontrándose resultados para el dolor, tasas de infección, tiempo de hemostasia, dilataciones aneurismáticas, flujo sanguíneo, presión venosa, número de intentos de canulación, seguridad, estética del brazo portador de la fístula y calidad de vida del paciente.

Conclusiones: El método buttonhole parece ser una buena alternativa de punción, ya que está prácticamente exenta de las complicaciones habituales existentes en otras técnicas, como extravasaciones, hematomas, aneurismas, entre otras. Además, facilita la auto-punción en los domicilios. Por otro lado, es necesario un buen aprendizaje previo a la incorporación de esta técnica y un periodo de adaptación por parte de los profesionales, requiriendo implicación por parte de los mismos y del centro.
Fitossociologia de plantas daninhas em cultivos de feijão sobre diferentes manejos de herbicidas
Authors: Barcellos Júnior Lucas Heringer , Pereira Gustavo Antônio Mendes , Capobiango Nayara Pereira , Silva Daniel Valadão , Braga Renan Rodrigues , Ferreira Evander Alves
Published: October 2016

O conhecimento das alterações na comunidade infestante provocado pelo manejo de plantas daninhas é importante para definição de estratégias eficientes para o controle destas. Realizou-se um experimento de campo para avaliar os efeitos do uso de herbicidas em diferentes alturas de barra na dinâmica de plantas daninhas e produtividade do feijoeiro. Adotou-se arranjo fatorial em esquema 3x4+1, constituído pela combinação de três herbicidas (fomesafen, fluazifop-p-butil e sua mistura) e quatro alturas de barras do pulverizador (0,20; 0,30; 0,40 e 0,50 m) e mais a testemunha sem capina. Aos 30 dias após aplicação (DAA) determinou-se os seguintes índices fitossociológicos: frequência relativa, densidade relativa, dominância relativa, índice de valor de importância e índice de similaridade. Aos 60 DAA foi determinada a produtividade. Antes da instalação do experimento foram identificadas 22 espécies em toda área experimental. As espécies Alternanthera tenella, Chelidonium majus, Digitaria horizontalis e Bidens pilosa predominaram na área cultivada em que não houve controle. A redução da altura de barras na aplicação do fomesafen reduziu a importância das espécies eudicotiledôneas. Nas parcelas com aplicação de fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butil o número de infestantes eudicotiledôneas foi superior às demais, com predominância de A. tenella e B. pilosa. No geral, o índice de similaridade entre os diferentes herbicidas e as diferentes alturas de barra foi baixo, o que indica que os tratamentos aplicados resultam em diferentes populações de plantas daninhas. O feijoeiro reduz a diversidade de plantas daninhas e a aplicação de herbicidas altera a infestação destas com consequência no ganho em produtividade.
Biotransformation of cholesterol and 16,17‐alpha epoxypregnenolone by novel Cladosporium sp. strain IS547
Authors: Pang Cuiping , Cao Yuting , Zhu Xiangdong
Published: October 2016

Nowadays, there are a few steroid drugs or intermediates that have been obtained via the transformation of microorganisms, and many strains of transformed steroids have not been found yet. Therefore, it is very significant to screen for the strains that have the abilities to transform steroids to produce valuable products. This study has focused on the screen and identification of strains, the structural identification of converted products, and the optimization of transformation conditions, as well as the establishment of transformation systems. A soil microbiota was screened for strain involved in the biotransformation of steroids. A new isolate IS547 is capable of converting a variety of steroids (such as cholesterol, ergosterol, hydrocortisone, progesterone, pregnenolone, and 16,17‐alpha‐epoxypregnenolone). Based on the 18S rDNA gene sequence comparison, the isolate IS547 has been demonstrated to be very closely related to Cladosporium sp. genus. Present paper is the first report regarding the microbial transformation by Cladosporium sp. to produce active intermediates, which include 7‐hydroxy cholesterol, 20‐droxyl‐16α,17α‐epoxypregna‐4‐dien‐3‐one, 7‐ketocholesterol, and 7‐droxyl‐16α,17α‐epoxypregna‐4‐dien‐3,20‐dione. Under the optimum conditions, the yields of product 3 and product 4 were 20.58 and 17.42%, respectively, higher than that prior to the optimization. The transformation rate increased significantly under the optimum fermentation conditions. This study describes an efficient, rapid, and inexpensive biotransformation system for the production of active pharmaceutical intermediates.
Contingent Valuation and the Policymaking Process: An Application to Used Nuclear Fuel in the United States
Authors: Carlson Deven E. , Ripberger Joseph T. , Jenkins-Smith Hank C. , Silva Carol L. , Gupta Kuhika , Berrens Robert P. , Jones Benjamin A.
Published: October 2016

Survey-based contingent valuation (CV) techniques are commonly used to value the potential effects of a policy change when market-based valuation of those effects is not possible. The results of these analyses are often intended to inform policy decisions, which are made within the context of formal policymaking institutions. These institutions are typically designed to reduce the large number of potential options for addressing any given policy problem to a binary choice between the continuation of current policy and a single, specified alternative. In this research we develop an approach for conducting CV exercises in a manner consistent with the decision structure typically faced by policymakers. The data generated from this approach allow for an estimate of willingness to pay (WTP) for a defined policy alternative, relative to leaving policy unchanged, which we argue is of direct interest to policymakers. We illustrate our approach within the context of policy governing the storage of used nuclear fuel in the United States. We value the policy option of constructing an interim storage facility relative to continuation of current policy, wherein used nuclear fuel is stored on-site at or near commercial nuclear generating plants. We close the paper with a discussion of the implications for future research and the role of CV in the policymaking process.
AN ELEMENTARY PROOF OF A THEOREM BY MATSUMOTO
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ-CORBATO LUIS
Published: October 2016

Matsumoto proved in, [Prime end rotation numbers of invariant separating continua of annular homeomorphisms, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 140(3) (2012), 839–845.] that the prime end rotation numbers associated to an invariant annular continuum are contained in its rotation set. An alternative proof of this fact using only simple planar topology is presented.
Augustine's Punishments
Authors: Kaufman Peter Iver
Published: October 2016

During Augustine's life, government authorities were generally friendly to the Christianity he came to adopt and defend. His correspondence mentions one imperial magistrate in Africa, Virius Nicomachus Flavianus, a pagan vicar of Africa who seemed partial to Donatist Christians whom Augustine considered secessionists. Otherwise, from the 390s to 430, assorted proconsuls, vicars, and tribunes sent from the imperial chancery and asked to maintain order in North Africa were willing to enforce government edicts against Donatists and pagans. To an extent, Augustine endorsed enforcement. He was troubled by punitive measures that looked excessive to him, yet scholars generally agree with Peter Burnell that Augustine unambiguously approved punitive judgments as an “unavoidable” necessity. But Burnell and others seem to make too much of it: Augustine's position on punishment supposedly indicates that he posited “an essential continuity” (rather than emphasized the contrast) between “any given state” and the celestial or “eschatological” city of God.
Integrating Different Factorial Solutions of a Psychometric Tool Via	Social Network Analysis
Authors: Massidda Davide , Giovanni Carta Mauro , Altoè Gianmarco
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Evaluating the factorial structure of a psychometric test is crucial to capture the complexity of a psychological phenomenon. Indeed, for the same test, several studies may find different factorial solutions which, in turn, may be explained by within and/or between sample variability. In this paper we introduce a novel quantitative approach to combine different factorial solutions of the same test. We propose to use a method based on Social Network Analysis to create and statistically evaluate an integrated factorial structure based on the information provided by previous researches. We present an application to the Mood Disorder Questionnaire by considering different factorial structures reported in the literature. The integrated factorial solution indicates the presence of three factors supporting the multidimensionality of the test. The role of single items in the composition of factors is also evaluated and discussed in terms of differences and similarities between the five original studies and the new integrated model. From an applied perspective, our approach may be useful to assist researchers in summarizing different factorial solutions for the same test efficiently. Furthermore, the resulting integrated factor solution could serve as baseline model to validate the structure of the test by applying confirmatory factor techniques to new data.
Light-Controlled ZrO2 Surface Hydrophilicity
Authors: Rudakova Aida V. , Maevskaya Maria V. , Emeline Alexei V. , Bahnemann Detlef W.
Published: October 2016

In recent years many works are aimed at finding a method of controllable switching between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of a surface. The hydrophilic surface state is generally determined by its energy. Change in the surface energy can be realized in several different ways. Here we report the ability to control the surface wettability of zirconium dioxide nano-coatings by changing the composition of actinic light. Such unique photoinduced hydrophilic behavior of ZrO2 surface is ascribed to the formation of different active surface states under photoexcitation in intrinsic and extrinsic ZrO2 absorption regions. The sequential effect of different actinic lights on the surface hydrophilicity of zirconia is found to be repeatable and reversibly switchable from a highly hydrophilic state to a more hydrophobic state. The observed light-controllable reversible and reproducible switching of hydrophilicity opens new possible ways for the application of ZrO2 based materials.
Laser-assisted fabrication of single-layer flexible touch sensor
Authors: Son Seokwoo , Park Jong Eun , Lee Joohyung , Yang Minyang , Kang Bongchul
Published: October 2016

Single-layer flexible touch sensor that is designed for the indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-free, bendable, durable, multi-sensible, and single layer transparent touch sensor was developed via a low-cost and one-step laser-induced fabrication technology. To this end, an entirely novel approach involving material, device structure, and even fabrication method was adopted. Conventional metal oxides based multilayer touch structure was substituted by the single layer structure composed of integrated silver wire networks of sensors and bezel interconnections. This structure is concurrently fabricated on a glass substitutive plastic film via the laser-induced fabrication method using the low-cost organometallic/nanoparticle hybrid complex. In addition, this study addresses practical solutions to heterochromia and interference problem with a color display unit. As a result, a practical touch sensor is successfully demonstrated through resolving the heterochromia and interference problems with color display unit. This study could provide the breakthrough for early realization of wearable device.
Nematodes join the family of chondroitin sulfate-synthesizing organisms: Identification of an active chondroitin sulfotransferase in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Dierker Tabea , Shao Chun , Haitina Tatjana , Zaia Joseph , Hinas Andrea , Kjellén Lena
Published: October 2016

Proteoglycans are proteins that carry sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). They help form and maintain morphogen gradients, guiding cell migration and differentiation during animal development. While no sulfated GAGs have been found in marine sponges, chondroitin sulfate (CS) and heparan sulfate (HS) have been identified in Cnidarians, Lophotrocozoans and Ecdysozoans. The general view that nematodes such as Caenorhabditis elegans, which belong to Ecdysozoa, produce HS but only chondroitin without sulfation has therefore been puzzling. We have analyzed GAGs in C. elegans using reversed-phase ion-pairing HPLC, mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry. Our analyses included wild type C. elegans but also a mutant lacking two HS sulfotransferases (hst-6 hst-2), as we suspected that the altered HS structure could boost CS sulfation. We could indeed detect sulfated CS in both wild type and mutant nematodes. While 4-O-sulfation of galactosamine dominated, we also detected 6-O-sulfated galactosamine residues. Finally, we identified the product of the gene C41C4.1 as a C. elegans CS-sulfotransferase and renamed it chst-1 (CarboHydrate SulfoTransferase) based on loss of CS-4-O-sulfation in a C41C4.1 mutant and in vitro sulfotransferase activity of recombinant C41C4.1 protein. We conclude that C. elegans indeed manufactures CS, making this widely used nematode an interesting model for developmental studies involving CS.
First-principles study of relative stability of rutile and anatase TiO2 using the random phase approximation
Authors: Cui Zhi-Hao , Wu Feng , Jiang Hong
Published: October 2016

By considering high-order correlations using the random phase approximation, rutile is correctly predicted to be more stable than anatase.
Interaction of triarylmethyl radicals with DNA termini revealed by orientation-selective W-band double electron–electron resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Fedin Matvey V. , Shevelev Georgiy Yu. , Pyshnyi Dmitrii V. , Tormyshev Victor M. , Jeschke Gunnar , Yulikov Maxim , Bagryanskaya Elena G.
Published: October 2016

We report the first experimental evidence of specific interactions between DNAs and triarylmethyl spin labels, crucial for EPR distance measurements.
On-chip microfluidic biocommunication assay for studying male-induced demise in C. elegans hermaphrodites
Authors: Dong Li , Cornaglia Matteo , Lehnert Thomas , Gijs Martin A. M.
Published: October 2016

We present a microfluidic approach for studying signalingviasecreted compounds between two specificC. eleganspopulations over prolonged durations.
Flexibility is important for inhibition of the MDM2/p53 protein–protein interaction by cyclic β-hairpins
Authors: Danelius Emma , Pettersson Mariell , Bred Matilda , Min Jaeki , Waddell M. Brett , Guy R. Kiplin , Grøtli Morten , Erdelyi Mate
Published: October 2016

Overrigidification should be avoided in the design of β-hairpin based inhibitors of MDM2.
Functionalization of mild oxidized graphene with O-phenylenediamine for highly thermally conductive and thermally stable epoxy composites
Authors: Akhtar M. Wasim , Lee Yun Seon , Yang Cheol Min , Kim Jong Seok
Published: October 2016

In this study, an effective and novel method was developed to improve the thermal conductivity of epoxy composites by functionalization of graphene.
Spectral efficiency of the in‐band full‐duplex massive multi‐user multiple‐input multiple‐output system
Authors: Xing Pengbo , Liu Ju , Zhai Chao , Wang Xinhua , Zheng Lina
Published: October 2016

In this study, the authors propose an in‐band full‐duplex massive multi‐user multiple‐input multiple‐output system which exploits the separate‐antenna arrays at base station and the shared‐antenna at users. First, the channel state information of the two antenna arrays is estimated using the minimum mean‐square‐error method according to the channel reciprocity, and then the matched‐filter and zero‐forcing linear processing methods are adopted to analyse the system spectral efficiency (SE). The authors derive the lower and upper bounds of the uplink and downlink achievable rates in succinct forms to measure the system performance. The selection of full/half‐duplex mode is also discussed with respect to the number of users. Numerical and simulation results show that the optimal downlink SE can be achieved with the increase of active users, and the full/half‐duplex mode selection can help improve the system SE with the variation of traffic loads.
Reliability‐based model for generation and transmission expansion planning
Authors: Ahmadi Abdollah , Mavalizadeh Hani , Zobaa Ahmed F. , Shayanfar Heidar Ali
Published: October 2016

This study presents a mixed integer linear multi‐objective model based on information gap decision theory, which is used to solve coordinated multiyear generation and transmission expansion planning problems. The model maximises the robustness of each uncertain parameter while a maximum allowable budget range is set. Fuel transportation price is considered. The results provide a numerical tool for system planner to help him adjust the appropriate level of robustness for each uncertain parameter of the problem. Extra limits on security, gaseous emission and fuel availability are considered. A multi‐objective method called the ɛ ‐constraint method is used here to maximise the robust region of load and investment costs simultaneously. The model is implemented on a six‐bus Garver test system and 24‐bus IEEE test system. The numerical results show the good performance of the model.
Intelligente Datennutzung
Authors: Mewis Dirk
Published: October 2016

Der Gesundheitsmarkt der Zukunft ist digital vernetzt. Intelligente Datennutzung ermöglicht es, einerseits effizienter zu arbeiten und andererseits das Leben von Patienten einfacher zu gestalten. Welche Anbieter digitalisieren die Medizinbranche, damit Gesundheitsdaten in Notfällen schneller verfügbar sind? Welche Produkte helfen dabei, dass die Gesundheitsversorgung zu optimieren?

Lesen sie außerdem, in welchen Bereichen der Einsatz digitaler Kommunikation besonders vielversprechend erscheint.
Telemedizin: Riesiges Potenzial
Authors: Mewis Dirk
Published: October 2016

Digitale Krankenakten vereinfachen den Klinikalltag, Menschen überwachen ihr Wohlbefinden per Smartphone. Gleichzeitig wirft der demografische Wandel seine Schatten voraus. Auch deshalb wird sich das Volumen des digitalen Gesundheitsmarktes bis 2020 weltweit wohl mehr als verdoppelt haben.
Krankenhausstudie von Roland Berger: Umsatz gut, Management überfordert
Authors: Gerster Florian
Published: October 2016

Unternehmen der Gesundheitswirtschaft bewerten in der Konjunkturumfrage des Deutschen Industrie- und Handelskammertages (DIHK) vom Sommer ihre Geschäftslage zurückhaltender als zu Jahresbeginn: Pharmahersteller leicht, Medizintechnik deutlich schlechter; Gesundheits- und Sozialdienstleister dagegen besser. Es schlägt sich laut DIHK die Mehrarbeit durch den Flüchtlingszustrom nieder. Besser sieht es für die ganze Branche bei den Geschäftserwartungen aus: Die Prognosen der Unternehmen sind deutlich optimistischer als die der Gesamtwirtschaft. Exportorientierte Healthcare-Unternehmen beschreiben ihre Erwartungen wegen der schleppenden Weltkonjunktur vorsichtiger. Für die am deutschen Binnenmarkt orientierten Unternehmen liegen Risiken vor allem in der (regulatorischen) Veränderung der wirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen, im Fachkräftemangel und im Anstieg der Arbeitskosten.
Effect of local fields on the Mg acceptor in GaN films and GaN substrates
Authors: Zvanut M. E. , Dashdorj J. , Sunay U. R. , Leach J. H. , Udwary K.
Published: October 2016

The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum of the Mg acceptor is studied in a variety of GaN samples, including mm-thick free-standing substrates and sub-micron heteroepitaxial films. The former allows a view of the acceptor unique for EPR—in an environment with less than 107 cm−3 dislocations and doping densities ranging from 4 × 1016 to 6 × 1018 cm−3. By probing Mg in a broad range of samples in one study a new feature of the acceptor emerges. The EPR data reveal an anisotropic line shape that reflects a change in the crystal field in the vicinity of the Mg acceptor. This feature must be accommodated by any of the models proposed for the Mg acceptor. Here, we show that one such previously proposed model agrees well with the EPR data obtained from the wide variety of samples studied. The work implies that Mg-doped GaN contains a common Mg-related defect which can be affected by local crystal fields established during growth.
Pressure-dependent morphology of trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium ionic liquids: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Sharma Shobha , Gupta Aditya , Dhabal Debdas , Kashyap Hemant K.
Published: October 2016

In the present molecular dynamics study, we investigate the effects of increasing pressure on the structural morphology of trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bromide (P666,14+/Br−) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium dicyanamide (P666,14+/DCA−) ionic liquids (ILs). Special attention was paid to how charge and polarity orderings, which are present in the microscopic structure of these ILs at ambient conditions, respond to very high external pressure. The simulated X-ray scattering structure functions, S(q)s, of the two systems reveal that both the characteristic orderings show appreciable responsiveness towards the applied pressure change. At a given pressure, a slight difference between the polarity ordering (PO), charge ordering (CO), and adjacency correlations (AC) for both the systems points towards different microscopic structure of the two ILs due to change in anion. Beyond a certain pressure, we observe emergence of a new low-q peak in the S(q)s of both the systems. The new peak is associated with formation of crystalline order in these systems at higher pressures and the real space length-scale corresponding to the crystalline order lies in between those of polarity- and charge-ordering. Beyond the transition pressure, the crystallinity of both the systems increases with increasing pressure and the corresponding length-scale shifts towards smaller values upon increasing pressure. We also observe that the extent of the usual polarity ordering decreases upon increasing pressure for both the P666,14+/Br− and P666,14+/DCA− systems. We demonstrate that the disappearance of the usual polarity peak is due to decreased polar–polar and apolar–apolar correlations and enhanced correlations between the charged and uncharged groups of the ions. This scenario is completely reversed for the components corresponding to the crystalline order, the polar–polar and apolar–apolar correlations are enhanced and polar–apolar correlations are diminished at higher pressure. In addition, the charge ordering peak, which is not so obvious from the total S(q) but from ionic and sub-ionic partial components of it, shifts towards lower q values for P666,14+/Br−. Instead, for the P666,14+/DCA−, at the highest pressure studied the CO peak occurs at a q-value higher than that at the ambient pressure.
A study of the rheology of planar granular flow of dumbbells using discrete element method simulations
Authors: Mandal Sandip , Khakhar D. V.
Published: October 2016

Granular materials handled in industries are typically non-spherical in shape and understanding the flow of such materials is important. The steady flow of mono-disperse, frictional, inelastic dumbbells in two-dimensions is studied by soft sphere, discrete element method simulations for chute flow and shear cell flow. The chute flow data are in the dense flow regime, while the shear cell data span a wide range of solid fractions. Results of a detailed parametric study for both systems are presented. In chute flow, increase in the aspect ratio of the dumbbells results in significant slowing of the flow at a fixed inclination and in the shear cell it results in increase in the shear stress and pressure for a fixed shear rate. The flow is well-described by the μ-I scaling for inertial numbers as high as I = 1, corresponding to solid fractions as low as ϕ = 0.3, where μ is the effective friction (the ratio of shear stress to pressure) and I is the inertial number (a dimensionless shear rate scaled with the time scale obtained from the local pressure). For a fixed inertial number, the effective friction increases by 60%-70% when aspect ratio is increased from 1.0 (sphere) to 1.9. At low values of the inertial number, there is little change in the solid fraction with aspect ratio of the dumbbells, whereas at high values of the inertial number, there is a significant increase in solid fraction with increase in aspect ratio. The dense flow data are well-described by the Jop-Forterre-Pouliquen model [P. Jop et al., Nature 441, 727–730 (2006)] with the model parameters dependent on the dumbbell aspect ratio. The variation of μ with I over the extended range shows a maximum in the range I ∈ (0.4, 0.5), while the solid fraction shows a faster than linear decrease with inertial number. A modified version of the JFP model for μ(I) and a power law model for ϕ(I) is shown to describe the combined data over the extended range of I.
A density functional theory study of electronic and magnetic properties of rare earth doped monolayered molybdenum disulphide
Authors: Majid Abdul , Imtiaz Anum , Yoshiya Masato
Published: October 2016

The effects of Rare Earth (RE) atoms Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, and Dy doping on structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of single layer MoS2 were investigated using first principles calculations. The analysis of electronic properties pointed out the appearance of host-impurity hybrid states on the edges of principal bands of the material, which appeared to cause narrowing of its bandgap. The values of total magnetic moment were calculated as 3.3 μB, 8.1 μB, 8.5 μB, 6.8 μB, and 6.4 μB for Sm-, Eu-, Gd-, Tb-, and Dy-doped MoS2, respectively. The underestimation of magnetic moment in the case of Sm doping is found which is assigned to shielding of 4f moments and quenching of angular momentum caused by Sm 4f–S 3p hybridization. On the other hand, the observed overestimation of magnetic moments for Eu and Gd cases is likely to be due to increase in angular momentum due to indirect exchange interaction of highly localized 4f states via 5d or 6s conduction electrons. The findings of this work point out the possibilities of tuning the band gap and magnetic properties of monolayer MoS2 upon RE doping for realization of p-type ferromagnetic semiconductors.
Implementation of a new Cryopad on the diffractometer POLI at MLZ
Authors: Hutanu V. , Luberstetter W. , Bourgeat-Lami E. , Meven M. , Sazonov A. , Steffen A. , Heger G. , Roth G. , Lelièvre-Berna E.
Published: October 2016

A new polarized neutron single crystal diffractometer POLI (Polarization Investigator) has been developed at the Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Garching, Germany. After reviewing existing devices, spherical neutron polarimetry has been implemented on POLI as a main experimental technique using a third-generation cryogenic polarization analysis device (Cryopad) built in cooperation between RWTH University and Institut Laue-Langevin. In this report we describe the realization and present the performance of the new Cryopad on POLI. Some improvements in the construction as well as details regarding calibrations of Cryopad and its practical use are discussed. The reliable operation of the new Cryopad on POLI is also demonstrated.
A combined segmented anode gas ionization chamber and time-of-flight detector for heavy ion elastic recoil detection analysis
Authors: Ström Petter , Petersson Per , Rubel Marek , Possnert Göran
Published: October 2016

A dedicated detector system for heavy ion elastic recoil detection analysis at the Tandem Laboratory of Uppsala University is presented. Benefits of combining a time-of-flight measurement with a segmented anode gas ionization chamber are demonstrated. The capability of ion species identification is improved with the present system, compared to that obtained when using a single solid state silicon detector for the full ion energy signal. The system enables separation of light elements, up to Neon, based on atomic number while signals from heavy elements such as molybdenum and tungsten are separated based on mass, to a sample depth on the order of 1 μm. The performance of the system is discussed and a selection of material analysis applications is given. Plasma-facing materials from fusion experiments, in particular metal mirrors, are used as a main example for the discussion. Marker experiments using nitrogen-15 or oxygen-18 are specific cases for which the described improved species separation and sensitivity are required. Resilience to radiation damage and significantly improved energy resolution for heavy elements at low energies are additional benefits of the gas ionization chamber over a solid state detector based system.
Hopf algebras of rooted forests, cocyles, and free Rota-Baxter algebras
Authors: Zhang Tianjie , Gao Xing , Guo Li
Published: October 2016

The Hopf algebra and the Rota-Baxter algebra are the two algebraic structures underlying the algebraic approach of Connes and Kreimer to renormalization of perturbative quantum field theory. In particular, the Hopf algebra of rooted trees serves as the “baby model” of Feynman graphs in their approach and can be characterized by certain universal properties involving a Hochschild 1-cocycle. Decorated rooted trees have also been applied to study Feynman graphs. We will continue the study of universal properties of various spaces of decorated rooted trees with such a 1-cocycle, leading to the concept of a cocycle Hopf algebra. We further apply the universal properties to equip a free Rota-Baxter algebra with the structure of a cocycle Hopf algebra.
Ordering effects of conjugate thermal fields in simulations of molecular liquids: Carbon dioxide and water
Authors: Dittmar Harro R. , Kusalik Peter G.
Published: October 2016

As shown previously, it is possible to apply configurational and kinetic thermostats simultaneously in order to induce a steady thermal flux in molecular dynamics simulations of many-particle systems. This flux appears to promote motion along potential gradients and can be utilized to enhance the sampling of ordered arrangements, i.e., it can facilitate the formation of a critical nucleus. Here we demonstrate that the same approach can be applied to molecular systems, and report a significant enhancement of the homogeneous crystal nucleation of a carbon dioxide (EPM2 model) system. Quantitative ordering effects and reduction of the particle mobilities were observed in water (TIP4P-2005 model) and carbon dioxide systems. The enhancement of the crystal nucleation of carbon dioxide was achieved with relatively small conjugate thermal fields. The effect is many orders of magnitude bigger at milder supercooling, where the forward flux sampling method was employed, than at a lower temperature that enabled brute force simulations of nucleation events. The behaviour exhibited implies that the effective free energy barrier of nucleation must have been reduced by the conjugate thermal field in line with our interpretation of previous results for atomic systems.
High reflectivity III-nitride UV-C distributed Bragg reflectors for vertical cavity emitting lasers
Authors: Franke A. , Hoffmann M. P. , Kirste R. , Bobea M. , Tweedie J. , Kaess F. , Gerhold M. , Collazo R. , Sitar Z.
Published: October 2016

UV-C distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) for vertical cavity surface emitting laser applications and polariton lasers are presented. The structural integrity of up to 25 layer pairs of AlN/Al0.65Ga0.35N DBRs is maintained by balancing the tensile and compressive strain present between the single layers of the multilayer stack grown on top of an Al0.85Ga0.35N template. By comparing the structural and optical properties for DBRs grown on low dislocation density AlN and AlGaN templates, the criteria for plastic relaxation by cracking thick nitride Bragg reflectors are deduced. The critical thickness is found to be limited mainly by the accumulated strain energy during the DBR growth and is only negligibly affected by the dislocations. A reflectance of 97.7% at 273 nm is demonstrated. The demonstrated optical quality and an ability to tune the resonance wavelength of our resonators and microcavity structures open new opportunities for UV-C vertical emitters.
A fast and accurate frequency estimation algorithm for sinusoidal signal with harmonic components
Authors: Hu Jinghua , Pan Mengchun , Zeng Zhidun , Hu Jiafei , Chen Dixiang , Tian Wugang , Zhao Jianqiang , Du Qingfa
Published: October 2016

Frequency estimation is a fundamental problem in many applications, such as traditional vibration measurement, power system supervision, and microelectromechanical system sensors control. In this paper, a fast and accurate frequency estimation algorithm is proposed to deal with low efficiency problem in traditional methods. The proposed algorithm consists of coarse and fine frequency estimation steps, and we demonstrate that it is more efficient than conventional searching methods to achieve coarse frequency estimation (location peak of FFT amplitude) by applying modified zero-crossing technique. Thus, the proposed estimation algorithm requires less hardware and software sources and can achieve even higher efficiency when the experimental data increase. Experimental results with modulated magnetic signal show that the root mean square error of frequency estimation is below 0.032 Hz with the proposed algorithm, which has lower computational complexity and better global performance than conventional frequency estimation methods.
Uncertainty analysis of signal deconvolution using a measured instrument response function
Authors: Hartouni E. P. , Beeman B. , Caggiano J. A. , Cerjan C. , Eckart M. J. , Grim G. P. , Hatarik R. , Moore A. S. , Munro D. H. , Phillips T. , Sayre D. B.
Published: October 2016

A common analysis procedure minimizes the ln-likelihood that a set of experimental observables matches a parameterized model of the observation. The model includes a description of the underlying physical process as well as the instrument response function (IRF). In the case investigated here, the National Ignition Facility (NIF) neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) spectrometers, the IRF is constructed from measurements and models. IRF measurements have a finite precision that can make significant contributions to determine the uncertainty estimate of the physical model’s parameters. We apply a Bayesian analysis to properly account for IRF uncertainties in calculating the ln-likelihood function used to find the optimum physical parameters.
Real time investigation of the effect of thermal expansion coefficient mismatch on film-substrate strain partitioning in Ag/Si systems
Authors: Das Debolina , Banu Nasrin , Bisi Bhaskar , Mahato J. C. , Srihari V. , Halder Rumu , Dev B. N.
Published: October 2016

We have used X-ray diffraction (XRD) to investigate strain partitioning between an epitaxial layer and the substrate as a function of temperature, where the substrate (Si) and the epilayer material (Ag) have large thermal expansion coefficient (α) mismatch. The Ag/Si(111) system undergoes morphological changes upon heating, and the larger and taller islands are formed exposing more substrate surfaces. Sample heating was carried out under nitrogen flow. At >300 °C, the Si(111) diffraction peak splits into three. One of these components conforms to the thermal expansion of bulk Si. The other two components correspond to a highly nonlinear decrease and increase of Si-d(111) planar spacing. The decreasing component has been associated with strained Si under Ag and the increasing component with strained Si under SiO2, which has been formed partly prior to the XRD experiment and partly during sample heating. The opposite trends of these two Si-d(111) components are because of the larger value of α for Ag (7 times) and smaller for SiO2 (1/5th) compared to Si. The out-of-plane strain partitioning has been such that at room temperature, the Si substrate is unstrained and the strain in Ag is ∼0.3%. At 800 °C, Ag is practically relaxed, while Si under Ag is ∼−0.7% strained. A temperature dependent strain partitioning factor has been introduced to fit the data.