bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manolo Santana: el sonriente héroe quijotesco que convirtió el tenis en un deporte de masas en España
Authors: Castillo Berástegui Juan Carlos
Published: December 2024

El concepto del héroe quijotesco ha sido propuesto como modelo a seguir como parte de los esfuerzos nacionalizadores del régimen de Francisco Franco (1939-75). A diferencia de los símbolos formales de la nación española, como la bandera y el himno, que nunca se desasociaron políticamente por completo de la dictadura, el retrato como héroes nacionales de ciertos deportistas en disciplinas individuales los convirtió en exitosos símbolos informales de la nación española y su supuesto carácter nacional. El tenista Manolo Santana, cuya carrera cubrió principalmente la década de los 60, fue uno de los héroes quijotescos originales del deporte español, cuya imagen como héroe nacional fue promovida por la prensa de la época. Su historia encaja en todas las características del héroe quijotesco: su origen humilde como recogepelotas en un exclusivo club de tenis de Madrid; los tipos de adversidad que tuvo que superar; su papel como héroe por España, especialmente compitiendo en el equipo nacional de la Copa Davis. Pero dos características quijotescas destacan especialmente en el retrato de Santana. Primero, fue un modelo de conducta personal: respetuoso hacia sus rivales, amable hombre de familia, y dueño permanente de una sonrisa inconfundible que le ayudó a convertirse en una gran celebridad en España. Segundo, su locura generosa le llevó a sacar al tenis de la oscuridad y convertirlo en un deporte de masas en España. Santana, casi sin apoyo, convirtió al tenis, de un deporte percibido como elitista y exclusivo para miembros de clubes privados, en uno inmensamente popular, tanto en términos de audiencia como de participación. En nuestros días, la reacción unánime de la prensa española tras su reciente muerte en 2021 prueba que los logros de los héroes quijotescos de la era franquista continúan siendo parte del imaginario nacional colectivo y de la identidad de muchos españoles.
Mora Pereyra, B. Budokas modernos. Artes marciales, deportes de combate y clubes de pelea. Montevideo: Ediciones Universitarias, 2023
Authors: Hijós Nemesia
Published: December 2024

¿Qué tipo de personas producen los clubes de la pelea en la actualidad? ¿Cómo pensamos los saberes y las tradiciones orientales desde Occidente? Budokas modernos. Artes marciales, deportes de combate y clubes de pelea, de Bruno Mora, es producto de su tesis de maestría en Antropología del programa de posgrados en Ciencias Humanas de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Uruguay, y fue publicado en el marco del programa de Ediciones Universitarias, con el apoyo de la Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica de la UdelaR dentro de la colección Biblioteca Plural. El libro es un aporte fundante para seguir ampliando el campo de los estudios sociales del deporte, desde una perspectiva latinoamericana, interseccional e interdisciplinaria.
Il Modello TPSR di Hellison in Educazione Fisica, analisi di un’esperienza in una scuola secondaria superiore di Roma
Authors: Palandri María Mercedes
Published: December 2024

Il lavoro di investigazione che si vuole presentare ha il proposito di valutare l’impatto di un programma ﬁsico-sportivo di otto settimane basato sul Modello Teaching Personal e Social Responsibility (TPSR) di Hellison, in un gruppo di 38 studenti, di età compresa tra i 14 e 16 anni, appartenenti a due prime classi di una scuola professionale, ubicate in due zone diverse della città di Roma.
Gli studenti che frequentano la scuola professionale provengono, generalmente, da diversi quartieri della città e dalle provincie della Regione Lazio. Tra loro, un elevato numero di studenti risulta essere straniero e con Bisogni Educativi Speciali. Un contesto, pertanto, con una utenza multiculturale e multietnica che porta a confrontarsi con realtà e culture differenti non sempre semplici da gestire da parte dei docenti che ricercano strategie e metodologie didattiche tali da favorire la partecipazione, la collaborazione, la consapevolezza e ambienti di apprendimento sereni.
Il programma ﬁsico-sportivo, qui presentato, è stato realizzato all’interno delle ore di Scienze motorie e sportive curricolari, con l’intento di presentare un disegno speciﬁco orientato a lavorare sui valori da esperire attraverso la proposta di attività ﬁsiche e sportive (Pardo e García-Arjona 2013).
Per l’elaborazione di questo programma si è utilizzato il Modello TPSR di Donald Hellison (2003, 2011).Modello che suggerisce una metodologia e differenti strategie per lavorare sui valori come il rispetto,la partecipazione, lo sforzo, l’autocontrollo, l’autostima, la leadership, attraverso la pratica sportiva.Modello rivolto inizialmente a giovani svantaggiati, e successivamente utilizzato anche in contesti scolastici per migliorare la responsabilità personale e sociale degli studenti (Pozo et al. 2016).
La rilevanza di questa ricerca si basa sul fatto che attualmente non sono stati pubblicati testi relativi al TPSR in lingua italiana. Di fondamentale importanza risulta essere l'analisi condotta dal prof. Pardo García (2008) in occasione della sua tesi dottorale, nella quale compara l'impatto del Modello TPSR su una popolazione di giovani, in tre contesti geograﬁci differenti tra cui l’Italia, e nel caso italiano frequentanti una scuola professionale.
La metodologia utilizzata per portare avanti questo lavoro è una metodologia qualitativa. I dati ottenuti hanno tenuto presente strumenti quali il questionario e il diario redatti rispettivamente dagli studenti e dal docente-ricercatore per raccogliere osservazioni e impressioni sulle attività svolte.
Pelatihan Desain Menggunakan Software SolidWorks dan 3D Printing untuk Siswa SMK
Authors: Prasetyo Rian , Lestari Mathilda Sri , Komariah Ainur , Suprapto Suprapto , Sari Maria Puspita
Published: December 2024

Digital technology, especially SolidWorks software and 3D printing, has brought significant changes to the modern manufacturing industry, increasing efficiency, productivity, and product quality. The problems faced by vocational school graduates are related to their lack of skills in operating the software. Community service activities aim to provide solutions, with direct training, to overcome the skills gap that arises due to the lack of facilities and competent teachers in the vocational school environment. Training methods include delivering material with practical exercises and using evaluations to measure participants' understanding. The main goal is to improve product design skills using SolidWorks and operating 3D printing machines. Based on the training carried out, it shows an increase in participants' knowledge regarding the operation of SolidWorks software and 3D printing. This can be seen from the increase in post-test scores of 6.34% compared to the pre-test. In addition, the participants' 3D printed parts showed better quality in terms of dimensional accuracy, visual surface roughness, and fewer defective parts compared to before the training.
Pengelolaan Bank Sampah dan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair di Dukuh Kalangan Desa Genengsari
Authors: Pitasari Desandromedha , Sutrisno Wahyudhi , Maskuri Ali , Prabaswari Atyanti Dyah
Published: December 2024

Waste management in Dukuh Kalangan, Desa Genengsari, is the primary focus of this community service, particularly aimed at enhancing the efficiency of waste management and utilizing organic waste for the production of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF). The objective of this community service program is to reduce agricultural input costs and increase community awareness and participation in sustainable waste management practices. The methodology employed includes socialization, distribution and education on the use of trash bags, the collection and processing of organic waste, as well as monitoring and evaluating the quality of LOF. The data collected shows a significant improvement in community understanding and skills in sorting and processing waste. As a result, the community has become more self-reliant in meeting their fertilizer needs and contributes to sustainable waste management practices.
Je li kulturalna ljevica liberalna?
Authors: Kurelić Zoran
Published: December 2024

Autor u tekstu odgovara na pitanje je li kulturalna ljevica liberalna. U suvremenim diskusijama koje su se rasplamsale nakon izborne pobjede Donalda Trumpa 2016. godine u pitanje je dovedena ideološka pozicija poražene Hillary Clinton koju američki politički teoretičar Mark Lilla naziva identitetskim liberalizmom. Istu poziciju Nancy Fraser naziva progresivnim neoliberalizmom, a Slavoj Žižek liberalnim multikulturalizmom. Radi se o angloameričkom fenomenu u kojem je izvorno antiliberalna kulturalna ljevica postala dio programa stranaka poput Demokratske stranke u SAD-u i Liberalne stranke u Kanadi. Autor argumentira da identitetsku ljevicu treba razlučiti od liberalizma jer predstavlja varijantu osviještenog iliberalizma. Argumentacija je organizirana u četiri segmenta. Nakon kratkog određivanja pojmova liberalizam i kulturalna ljevica autor prikazuje Lillinu kritiku identitetskog liberalizma kako ju on prezentira u knjizi The Once and Future Liberal i uspoređuje ju s kritikom hiperliberalizma predstavljenom u knjizi Johna Graya The New Leviathans. Tu dvojicu autora dovodi u međuodnos s dvojicom klasika suvremene političke misli Brianom Barryjem i Richardom Rortyjem. U zaključnom segmentu teksta autor tvrdi da su Lillina i Grayeva knjiga pokazatelj ostvarenja Barryjeva “proročanstva” iz 1989. i Rortyjeva iz 1998. Zaključak teksta je da identitetsku postmodernu ljevicu, bez obzira na njen ogromni utjecaj na vodeće stranke u nekim zapadnim liberalnim demokracijama, nikad ne treba zvati liberalnom jer je po samorazumijevanju antiliberalna.
Vox populi, vox feminae (I): utjecaj prvog vala feminizma na zakonodavstvo Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva i Sjedinjenih Američkih Država
Authors: Belančić Katarina , Marelja Miran
Published: December 2024

Rad se bavi međuodnosom organiziranog feminističkog pokreta i zakonodavnih rješenja donesenih u Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu i Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama kao zemljama zajedničke common law pravne tradicije. Iako se ženski pokret u povijesnom smislu uobičajeno promatra u više etapa koje su pojedinačno, i u svojoj ukupnosti, težile poboljšati i oživotvoriti prava žena, rad isključivo analizira pravno-povijesni kontekst nastanka i razvoja te pravne posljedice prvog vala, čiji je cilj bio ostvarenje formalnopravne jednakosti žena i muškaraca. Rad je posljedično sastavljen od dvije cjeline koje kronološki prate razvoj zakonodavnih rješenja u odabranim državama common law tradicije koje su predmet analize, prateći specifične okolnosti društvenog poretka imanentne tim podnebljima. Poseban je naglasak stavljen na pitanje stjecanja prava glasa kao ultimativnog ustavnog i političkog prava, a time i svih povijesnih okolnosti koje su dovele do njegova ostvarenja. Zaključna razmatranja donose komparativni prikaz specifičnosti dva pravna poretka i njihovih pojavnih oblika. Također, ranije predstavljene društvene okolnosti dovode se u korelaciju s ekonomskim i pravnim uređenjima.
Medical and scientific evidence for the cancer attractor
Authors: Demicheli Romano , Hrushesky William J. M. , Saenger Elizabeth , Biganzoli Elia
Published: December 2024

While linear gene-based and focused explanations of cancer development, growth, and spread have totally dominated cancer investigations for a century, these accounts utterly fail to adequately explain many critical host–cancer interactions. Normal morphogenesis is governed by nonlinear organizational rules, which depend intimately upon unfolding dynamic processes within both time and space. Continuous nonlinear cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions faithfully reflect a fundamental organizing process built into all earth-born life. These rules operate continuously at all levels of temporal and spatial organization. The course of normal tissue development is punctuated by serial unfolding stable states, which should be considered “attractors” of the tissue complex system. Many attractors are evanescent; some are stable at certain stages of development. Like a (pathological) “tissue”, cancer could be viewed as a kind of attractor. This paper posits this “cancer attractor hypothesis” and delivers substantial scientific and medical evidence supporting the ability of the attractor logic to provide a fuller understanding of the host–cancer balance.
PROBLEMATIKA HUKUM PADA PERJANJIAN KEMITRAAN PT. SOLUSI TRANSPORTASI INDONESIA (GRAB) DENGAN MITRA PENGEMUDI DITINJAU DARI ASAS KEBEBASAN BERKONTRAK
Authors: Adinugraha Muhammad Farhan , Nugraheni Anjar Sri Ciptorukmi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis problematika hukum pada perjanjian kemitraan antara Grab dengan para mitra pengemudi yang ditinjau dari asas kebebasan berkontrak, menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi mitra pengemudi pada perjanjian kemitraan antara Grab dengan mitra pengemudi, serta membangun model perlindungan hukum bagi mitra pengemudi yang dapat diterapkan dalam perjanjian kemitraan antara Grab dengan mitra pengemudi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual. Bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik studi dokumen atau studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis bahan hukum menggunakan analisis hukum yang bersifat deduksi dengan metode silogisme. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan asas kebebasan berkontrak pada perjanjian kemitraan Grab menimbulkan adanya beberapa klausula yang mengesampingkan tanggung jawab Grab atas segala bentuk kerugian mitra pengemudi. Selain itu, berdasarkan analisis terhadap bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi mitra pengemudi pada perjanjian kemitraan Grab, ditemukan suatu bentuk perlindungan hukum secara preventif maupun represif. Namun, bentuk perlindungan ini belum berjalan secara optimal dibuktikan dengan problematika hukum yang ada. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini turut memberikan model perlindungan hukum yang optimal guna melindungi mitra pengemudi dengan cara mengubah pasal, menghapus pasal, dan menambahkan beberapa pasal dalam perjanjian kemitraan Grab.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM INVESTOR DALAM KONTRAK PENGELOLAAN DANA KAITANNYA MANAJER INVESTASI MELANGGAR KETENTUAN POJK NOMOR 43/POJK.04/2015 TERKAIT BENTURAN KEPENTINGAN
Authors: Miftakhul Jannah Ajeng Kirana , Muryanto Yudho Taruno
Published: December 2024

This article describes and examines the problem of first the conflict which is the position of investor in Discretionary Fund based on POJK Number 43 / POJK.04 / 2015. Second, the form of investors legal protection in the Discretionary Fund in relation to the Investment Manager violates the provisions of POJK Number 43 / POJK.04 / 2015 regarding conflicts of interest. This article is normative legal research with prescriptive nature. Data source in this research is including primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The data collection technique is using literature study and the technical analysis is using deductive method. The result shows that according to POJK Number 43 / POJK.04 / 2015 investors in Discretionary Fund are given rights for their interests to take precedence over those of the Investment Manager.Then in Discretionary Fund in relation to the Investment Manager violates the provisions of POJK Number 43 / POJK.04 / 2015 regarding conflicts of interest, investors get legal protection both preventively and repressively which is accomodated in Undang-Undang Number 21 tahun 2011 about Otoritas Jasa Keuangan and Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Number 43/POJK.04/2015.
Keywords: conflict of interest; discretionary fund; legal protection
PENERAPAN HUKUM KEBIASAAN SEBAGAI DASAR HUKUM PUTUSAN PENGADILAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL (Studi Putusan: Nomor 233/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2017/PN.Bdg)
Authors: Adhistianto Mohamad Fandrian , Imaniyati Neni Sri , Sundary Rini Irianti
Published: December 2024

 The case that the author will discuss in this article is the decision of the Industrial Relations Court at the Bandung District Court which is registered with case number 233/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2017/PN.Bdg. regarding a dispute of interest regarding the 2017 Basic Salary Increase. The interesting thing in this decision is that the Panel of Judges decided by considering customary law as the legal basis in determining the components and amount of the 2017 Basic Salary Increase. This article is important because it discusses legal issues, namely the regulation customary law in resolving industrial relations disputes and the application of Customary Law in the Industrial Relations Court Decision Number 233/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2017/PN.Bdg. The research method used is normative juridical legal research using a statutory approach, and a case approach. Customary law is known in the process of resolving industrial relations disputes with further regulations regarding customs having to refer to the provisions of Article 1339 and Article 1347 of the Civil Code. The Panel of Judges at the Industrial Relations Court at the Bandung District Court has decided the case registered under number 233/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2017/PN.Bdg. based on customs as stipulated in Article 1347 of the Civil Code.
Uso del Padlet y la comunicación asertiva en el curso Geografía bajo la modalidad Aula invertida
Authors: Salas-Rueda Ricardo-Adán , Cabrera-Rodríguez Arturo-Efrén , Domínguez-Herrera Eduardo
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este estudio mixto es analizar el uso del Padlet y la comunicación asertiva en la Unidad 1 del curso Geografía bajo la modalidad Aula invertida. Fuera del salón, los estudiantes del Colegio de Bachilleres utilizaron el Padlet para consultar la información y entregar las tareas. En las clases presenciales, el profesor de la asignatura Geografía 1 construyó un nuevo espacio de enseñanza-aprendizaje por medio de la comunicación asertiva. Los resultados indican que las actividades escolares del Padlet influyen positivamente la comunicación asertiva considerando la participación y la satisfacción de los estudiantes. En el salón de clases, la comunicación asertiva provocó que los estudiantes debatieran los temas escolares. Asimismo, el Padlet permitió la consulta de los contenidos desde cualquier lugar. Por último, el uso del Padlet y la comunicación asertiva en el Colegio de Bachilleres bajo la modalidad Aula invertida provocó la creación de ambientes propicios para el aprendizaje sobre la Geografía dentro y fuera del salón.
Teaching Digital Competence in Greece according to DigCompEdu Framework
Authors: Chondrogiannis Vasileios , Gutiérrez-Castillo Juan Jesús
Published: December 2024

Over the past decade, in the field of education have been introduced innovative teaching approaches as a consequence of the advent of new technological developments. These require further development of Teaching Digital Competence (TDC) which in the case of European Union countries have been regulated by the DigCompEdu framework. The aim of the study is to determine and compare the level of teachers’ self-perception of Teaching Digital Competence (TDC) in Greece according to DigCompEdu framework. A total of 1420 teachers participated from all specialties that teach in both primary and secondary education from different regions of Greece.  
For this purpose, this article presents the results of an ex post facto research with a cross sectional design, based on a descriptive and hypothesis testing approach. Additionally, the study examines the relationship between teaching digital competence and a number of factors, including the teachers' demographic characteristic and their professional background (region of teaching, specialization, time of use ICT in classroom and primary and secondary level of education). 
The results show that the majority of the survey participants were found to have a medium to high level of TDC per specialty. The gender factor was not found to be related to the level of TDC. Furthermore, the examination of the aforementioned factors revealed significant findings affecting specific areas of teachers' digital competence. The present study is one of the first to be conducted in Greece according to the most recent revision of the DigCompEdu framework and seeks to contribute to further enrichment of the available data on the TDC of teachers in Greek primary and secondary schools. 
Keywords: Digital competence in teaching, teachers training, ICT, DigCompEdu
Loss of H3K9 trimethylation leads to premature aging
Authors: Ocampo Alejandro , Mrabti Calida , Yang Na , Desdín-Micó Gabriela , Alonso-Calleja Alejandro , Vílchez-Acosta Alba , Pico Sara , Parras Alberto , Piao Yulan , Schoenfeldt Lucas , Luo Siyuan , Haghani Amin , Brooke Robert T. , Maza María del Carmen , Branchina Clémence , Maroun Céline Yacoub , von Meyenn Ferdinand , Naveiras Olaia , Horvath Steve , Sen Payel , Bignon Yohan
Published: December 2024

Aging is the major risk factor for most human diseases and represents a major socio-economical challenge for modern societies. Despite its importance, the process of aging remains poorly understood. Epigenetic dysregulation has been proposed as a key driver of the aging process. Alterations in transcriptional networks and chromatin structure might be central to age-related functional decline. A prevalent feature described during aging is the overall reduction in heterochromatin, specifically marked by the loss of the repressive histone modification, histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3). However, the role of H3K9me3 in aging, especially in mammals, remains unclear. Here we show using a novel mouse strain, “TKOc”, carrying a triple knockout of three methyltransferases responsible for H3K9me3 deposition, that the inducible loss of H3K9me3 in adulthood results in premature aging. TKOc mice exhibit reduced lifespan, lower body weight, increased frailty index, multi-organ degeneration, transcriptional changes with significant upregulation of transposable elements, and accelerated epigenetic age. Our data strongly supports the concept that the loss of epigenetic information might directly drives the aging process. These findings reveal the importance of epigenetic regulation in aging and suggest that interventions targeting epigenetic modifications could potentially slow down or reverse age-related decline. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the process of aging will be crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies that can delay the onset of age-associated diseases and preserve human health at old age specially in rapidly aging societies.
Network analyses unraveled complex interactions in the rumen microbiome associated with methane emission in cattle
Authors: Ye Xiaoxing , Sahana Goutam , Lund Mogens , Li Bingjie , Cai Zexi
Published: December 2024

Methane emissions from livestock, particularly from dairy cattle, represent a significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG), contributing to global climate crisis. This study employed Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to investigate the complex interactions within the rumen microbiome that influence methane emissions. By integrating rumen microbiome sequencing data with precise methane emission measurements in 750 Holstein dairy cattle, our research identifies distinct microbial communities and their associations with methane production. Key findings revealed that specific WGCNA modules (MEturquoise, MEbrown, MEblue, and MEgreen) with taxa (Prevotella, Clostridium, Anaeroplasma, YRC22, BF311, and Succinogenes), and complex network interactions are significantly correlated with methane emissions. The application of WGCNA provided a comprehensive understanding of the microbiome-methane emission and microbiome-microbiome relationship, serving as an innovative approach for microbiome-phenotype association studies in cattle.
Navigating the unknown: A qualitative analysis exploring patient experience in the Emergency Department
Authors: Carmel Moriah , Kaur Navneet , Strachan Christian , Alexander Andreia
Published: December 2024

Background: Patient experience within healthcare is an increasingly pivotal area of exploration. The objective of this study was to use qualitative methods to elucidate the primary drivers shaping patients' ED experience and to discern how these factors diverge between the UAC and RCH environments.
Methods: Qualitative, semi-structured individual interviews with ED patients were conducted across two EDs, an urban academic center (UAC) and a rural community hospital (RCH). An inductive thematic analysis approach was used.
Results: Fifty-six participants were interviewed. Four major themes (attitudes of staff, showing concern, patient-centered communication, and frequent updates) emerged across six subthemes: what mattered most, wait time, rushed, end of visit, discrimination, and intent to return; with an overarching theme which encompasses all four major themes – empathy. Overall, positive experiences were associated with positive and empathetic attitudes of all staff, frequent updates along the spectrum of their ED visit, patient-centered communication particularly during the discharge process, and having the ability to ask questions without feeling rushed. A primary distinguishing feature between the UAC vs the RCH included confidence in care received and differences in the ED environment. Regardless of the patient’s experience, showing empathy, even in unfavorable situations, was identified as the most impactful part of their visit.
Conclusion: Patients’ perceptions of healthcare staff empathy is a critical driver in influencing overall ED patient experience. Future studies should include further characterization of patients’ perceptions of healthcare provider empathy and its impact on ED patient experience.
Serotonin-Induced Inhibition of HRP-Mediated Proximity Labelling
Authors: Chan Zora Chui-Kuen , Qi Cheng , Cai Yuanhong , Li Xin , Ren Jing
Published: December 2024

Proximity-dependent biotinylation coupled with mass spectrometry enables the characterization of subcellular proteomes. This technique has significantly advanced neuroscience by revealing sub-synaptic protein networks, such as the synaptic cleft and post-synaptic density. Profiling proteins at this detailed level is essential for understanding the molecular mechanisms of neuronal connectivity and transmission. Despite its recent successful application to various neuronal types, proximity labelling has yet to be employed to study the serotonin system. In this study, we uncovered an unreported inhibitory mechanism of serotonin on horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-based biotinylation. Our result showed that serotonin significantly reduces biotinylation levels across various Biotin-XX-tyramide (BxxP) concentrations in HEK293T cells and primary neurons, whereas dopamine exerts minimal interference, highlighting the specificity of this inhibition. To counteract this inhibition, we demonstrated that Dz-PEG, an aryl diazonium compound that consumes serotonin through an azo-coupling reaction, restores biotinylation efficiency. Label-free quantitative proteomics confirmed that serotonin inhibits biotinylation, and that Dz-PEG effectively reverses this inhibition. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for neurotransmitter interference in proximity-dependent biotinylation studies, especially for cell-type specific profiling in neuroscience. Additionally, we provided a potential strategy to mitigate these challenges, thereby enhancing the accuracy and reliability of such studies.
Blueberry genetic study reveals major loci controlling organic acid content and complex genetic control for texture and sugar content
Authors: Oh Heeduk , Mengist Molla F. , Ma Guoying , Giongo Lara , Pottorff Marti , Spencer Jessica A. , Perkins-Veazie Penelope , Iorizzo Massimo
Published: December 2024

Background
Fruit quality traits, including taste, flavor, texture, and shelf-life, have emerged as important breeding priorities in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). Organic acids and sugars play crucial roles in the perception of blueberry taste/flavor, where low and high consumer liking are correlated with high organic acids and high sugars, respectively. Blueberry texture and appearance are also critical for shelf-life quality and consumers’ willingness-to-pay. As the genetic mechanisms that determine these fruit quality traits remain largely unknown, in this study, an F1 mapping population was used to perform quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping for pH, titratable acidity (TA), organic acids, total soluble solids (TSS), sugars, fruit size, and texture at harvest and/or post-storage and weight loss.
Results
Twenty-eight QTLs were detected for acidity-related parameters (pH, TA, and organic acid content). Six QTLs for pH, TA, and citric acid, two for quinic acid, and two for shikimic acid with major effects were consistently detected across two years on the same genomic regions on chromosomes 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Candidate genes for these QTLs were identified using comparative transcriptomic analysis. No QTL was detected for malic acid content, TSS, and individual sugar content. A total of 146 QTLs with minor effects were identified for texture- and size-related parameters. With few exceptions, these QTLs were generally inconsistent across years and post-storage, indicating a highly quantitative nature.
Conclusions
Our findings enhance the understanding of the genetic basis underlying fruit quality traits in blueberry and guide future work to exploit marker- or genomic-assisted selection strategies in blueberry breeding programs.
Multi-Omics analysis to identify the metabolic mechanism of the ethanol extract of Gymnadenia Conopsea R.Br. in hyperuricemia treatment
Authors: CHEN Tianrong , LIU Jiale , NIE Chengling , YANG Siyuan , JIA Fuchen , ZHANG Yuhong
Published: December 2024

Background: The ethanol extract of Gymnadenia Conopsea R.Br. (Gym) has been shown to significantly lower uric acid levels. However, its uric acid reducing mechanism has not been studied from a multi-omics perspective.
Objective: By conducting multiple omics studies and analyzing the metabolic characteristics of the ethanol extract of Gym on zebrafish with hyperuricemia (HUA), we aimed to provide insights into its metabolic mechanism during HUA treatment.
Methods: Non-targeted metabolomics studies were conducted using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-Q-Exactive mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QE MS). Samples were sequenced using second-generation sequencing technology on the Illumina sequencing platform, to perform paired-end sequencing of the gene library.
Results: Different concentrations and doses of ethanol extracts of Gym significantly reversed the levels of 33 common biomarkers, including sphingosine, plant sphingosine, unsaturated fatty acids, and amino acids. These biomarkers were mainly involved in phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, ABC transporter activity, PPAR signaling pathway, linoleic acid metabolism, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.
Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Gym can exhibit therapeutic effects on HUA by participating in amino acid biosynthesis pathways, amino acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, ABC transport, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. This result provides a reference for elucidating the metabolic mechanism of Gym for the treatment of HUA.
Sustainable and efficient delignification of Poplar and Chinese Fir wood using a peroxyacetic acid/ hydrogen peroxide system
Authors: Bao Xinde , Yang Meng , Zhu Junjie , Xu Hui , Dang Huiying , Guo Kai , Long Dingxing , Guan Xin , Chen Xiaoyun , Lin Jinguo
Published: December 2024

This study explores a sustainable and eco-friendly approach for the rapid and uniform removal of lignin from poplar and Chinese fir wood. A comparative analysis of the chemical composition and structural properties before and after treatment was conducted. The results indicate that the mass loss rates were 30.72% for poplar and 31.30% for Chinese fir wood, with a corresponding decrease in relative lignin content by 95.46% and 88.40%, respectively. Additionally, the specific surface area increased by 6.37% for poplar and 30.85% for Chinese fir wood, while the pore size expanded by 3.50% and 19.50%, respectively. The relative crystallinity was increased by 31.51% for poplar and 16.41% for Chinese fir wood, and the O/C ratio rose by 19.65% and 29.54%. SEM images revealed that the cell walls of treated wood became noticeably thinner and slightly collapsed. The absence of characteristic lignin peaks at 1507 cm−1, 1460 cm−¹, and 1264 cm−¹ confirmed effective lignin removal. The removal of lignin also resulted in a lower pyrolysis temperature, increased surface brightness, and reduced color variation. Due to the distinct internal structures and chemical composition of poplar and Chinese fir wood, the impacts of lignin removal varied, demonstrating significant changes in their properties. These finding provide a theoretical foundational for lignin removal of from wood, and lay the groundwork for the further wood functionalization.
Socio-economic and demographic determinants of undernutrition among 6-59 months old children living in Malawian stunting hotspots: A cross-sectional community study
Authors: Ndovie Patrick , Geresomo Numeri , Nkhata Smith G. , Fungo Robert , Munthali Justice , Nyau Vincent
Published: December 2024

Background
Globally, malnutrition is prevalent, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, where 171 million under-five children suffer from stunting, and 45% of mortalities are reported. This study aimed to identify socio-economic and demographic factors contributing to undernutrition among 6–59 months old children in Malawian stunting hotspots.
Methods
Stata 17.0 was used to analyse descriptive statistics and logistic regression for nutritional status associations, using WHO Z-Scores and 95% confidence. This cross-sectional community study was conducted in Mzimba, Mchinji and Mangochi and involved 1,275 caregivers and children.
Results
The results in the study revealed that 6–59 months old children had varying risks of wasting and stunting. Caregivers who engaged in farming, business, or unemployed had lower risk of being wasted, whereas unemployed and student caregivers had higher odds of stunting (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.14–2.36, p = 0.008) and underweight (OR = 3.66, 95% CI: 1.52–8.80, p = 0.004). Caregivers who had attained junior education level had increased odds of having wasted and underweight children, while those who attained junior and senior secondary education showed reduced risks. Low household income (below 50,000MK per month) increase the risk wasting (OR = 8.35, 95% CI: 5.09–13.68, p = 0.000), while those with higher incomes had a decreased risk. Christian caregivers had lower odds of having a wasted child while muslim caregivers had higher odds (OR = 8.35, 95% CI: 5.09–13.68, p = 0.000). Households with less than five members had reduced underweight odds, in contrast to those with more than five members who had increased odds.
Conclusion
Caregivers in farming, business, and with higher education have lower risks of child wasting and stunting. Unemployed, less educated, and low-income or larger households face higher risks.
Pilot feasibility study to determine the utility of direct access and quantitative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in the assessment of suspected acute biliary or ductal gallstone presentations.
Authors: Novak Alex , Acharya Anita , Beer Sally , Espinosa Alexis , Bond-Smith Giles , Saga Cyrene , Andrews Jane , Bailey Adam , Soonawalla Zahir , Bungay Helen , Pavlides Michael
Published: December 2024

Background
Patients with suspected acute gallstone disease typically undergo abdominal ultrasound. MRCP is often used for patients with abnormal LFTs, potentially making ultrasound unnecessary for this group. Despite high inter-reader variability in MRCP interpretation, new AI technologies may automate and standardize detection and measurement.
Method
Patients with suspected acute gallstone disease and abnormal liver function tests were randomized into two diagnostic pathways, direct MRCP and standard care. Admission data, healthcare resource use, and clinical outcomes were recorded. National Health Service national 20/21 tariffs were used to calculate and compare healthcare costs. MRCP scans were subsequently analysed using MRCP + software (Perspectum Ltd).
Results
27 participants were enrolled over 12 months, 15 to direct MRCP and 11 to standard care. One patient was excluded from analysis. Mean patient time to diagnostic report and mean per patient associated direct medical cost and mean cost to diagnosis for the direct MRCP and standard of care group was 2.53 days, £449.54, and £647 respectively for the direct MRCP group and 4.18 days costing £742.06 and £896 for standard care. MRCP + analysis of 11 scans showed significant differences between the groups in terms of gallbladder volume (80.2mm3 gallstone present versus 30.1mm3 without, p = 0.018 and cystic duct median width (4.6mm gallstone present versus 2.7mm without, p = 0.042).
Conclusions
Direct MRCP may be a feasible and potentially cost-effective diagnostic strategy for patients with suspected acute gallstone disease and deranged LFTs. Automated measurement of MRCP parameters shows promise in detecting obstruction. Larger trials are warranted to assess this potential.
Registration details
This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03709030).
Mediator kinase inhibition drives myometrial stem cell differentiation and the uterine fibroid phenotype through super-enhancer reprogramming
Authors: Khadka Subash , Lukas Brandon , Sun Claire Xin , Muralimanoharan Sribalasubashini , Shanmugasundaram Karthigayan , Khosh Azad , Schenken Claire , Stansbury Nicholas , Schenken Robert , Firestein Ron , Dai Yang , Boyer Thomas
Published: December 2024

Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common non-cutaneous tumors in women worldwide. UFs arise from genetic alterations in myometrial stem cells (MM SCs) that trigger their transformation into tumor initiating cells (UF SCs). Mutations in the RNA polymerase II Mediator subunit MED12 are dominant drivers of UFs, accounting for 70% of these clinically significant lesions. Biochemically, UF driver mutations in MED12 disrupt CDK8/19 kinase activity in Mediator, but how Mediator kinase disruption triggers MM SC transformation remains unknown. Here, we show that pharmacologic inhibition of CDK8/19 in MM SCs removes a barrier to myogenic differentiation down an altered pathway characterized by molecular phenotypes characteristic of UFs, including oncogenic growth and extracellular matrix (ECM) production. These perturbations appear to be induced by transcriptomic changes, arising in part through epigenomic alteration and super-enhancer reprogramming, that broadly recapitulate those found in MED12-mutant UFs. Altogether these findings provide new insights concerning the biological role of CDK8/19 in MM SC biology and UF formation.
Association of sleep duration and sleep disorders with post-stroke depression and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in US stroke survivors: Results from NHANES 2005-2018
Authors: Chen Weirong , Shen Yingying , Song Shina , Li Xiaofeng
Published: December 2024

Background
Sleep disturbance is a common concern among stroke survivors, yet the association of sleep duration and sleep disorders with post-stroke depression and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality remains elusive. We aimed to explore these associations using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Methods
Adult stroke survivors from NHANES 2005–2018 were included. Sleep information and stroke diagnoses were derived from self-reports on relevant questionnaires. Mortality data were collected by prospectively matching to the National Death Index. Multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to explore these associations and calculate the odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR), respectively.
Results
A total of 1101 stroke participants were included. In the fully adjusted model, sleep disorders were associated with increased odds of post-stroke depression (OR 2.689, p = 0.0146). Sleep duration was inversely associated with the odds of post-stroke depression; compared to normal sleep duration, short sleep duration was associated with increased odds of post-stroke depression (OR 2.196, p = 0.0059), whereas long sleep duration was not (p = 0.1435). Sleep disorders were associated with CVD mortality (HR of 1.948, p = 0.026) but not all-cause mortality (p = 0.224) in stroke survivors. Sleep duration was positively associated with all-cause mortality in stroke survivors (HR 1.075, p = 0.042); however, neither short nor long sleep duration was associated with mortality compared to normal sleep duration. Restricted cubic spline modeling suggested that sleep duration was nonlinearly and linearly associated with post-stroke depression and all-cause mortality, respectively. Age influenced the association between sleep disorders and CVD mortality in stroke survivors.
Conclusions
Sleep disorders and short sleep duration were associated with increased odds of post-stroke depression, whereas sleep disorders were associated with increased CVD mortality in stroke survivors. These findings underscore that achieving normal sleep duration and improving sleep disorders may reduce the odds of post-stroke depression and mortality.
Trends in Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality of Non-communicable Diseases in Iraq (2003-2021)
Authors: Merzah Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become a major public health concern in Iraq, playing a significant role in the country's morbidity and mortality rates. To offer a thorough overview of the patterns and the overall impact of NCDs on public health, this study aim to map the trends in the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of NCDs in Iraq between 2003 and 2021.
Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021were utilized. The focus was on Iraq from 2003 to 2021, a period marked by significant social and political changes. Using the GBD results tool, age-standardized prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates (ASPR, ASIR, ASMR) for 12 major NCDs were extracted and expressed per 100,000 population. Descriptive statistics with 95% uncertainty intervals were calculated, and trends were analyzed.
Results: The analysis revealed a nuanced trajectory of NCDs in Iraq between 2003 and 2021. The ASPR of all NCDs increased slightly (change %: 0.07, 95% UI: −0.06 to 0.14), with a notable decline in chronic respiratory diseases (change %: −14.41, 95% UI: −21.63 to −14.30) and a significant rise in neoplasms (change %: 32.66, 95% UI: 31.16 to 32.12). The ASIR of diabetes and kidney diseases showed the largest increase (change %: 42.92, 95% UI: 36.00–49.78), while chronic respiratory diseases had the greatest decline (change %: −12.09, 95% UI: −26.23–2.94). Cardiovascular diseases remained the leading cause of mortality in both sexes, with ASMRs increasing slightly for males and decreasing for females over the period. Skin and subcutaneous diseases showed the highest increase in ASMR (change %: 48.15), while digestive diseases experienced the largest decline (change %: −21.41).
Conclusion: The GBD 2021 study highlights progress in reducing NCD mortality in Iraq, especially among younger people. However, older males still face high death rates from cardiovascular diseases. Rising cases of cancer, diabetes, and kidney diseases signal the need for targeted interventions. Continued focus on risk factors and healthcare access is essential.
Interpretable machine learning models classify minerals via spectroscopy
Authors: Spano Tyler , Smith Robert , McDonnell Marshall , Drane Lance , Gibbs Ian , Miskowiec Andrew , Niedziela Jennifer , Shields Ashley
Published: December 2024

Developing methods to identify mineral species confidently and rapidly from Raman spectral analysis is critical to numerous fields. Traditionally, analysis relies on pattern matching the Raman spectrum of an unknown dataset with a supporting library of well characterized spectral data, which may prove difficult for environmental samples that are poorly crystalline or phase mixtures. Here, we developed interpretable machine learning models that can classify uranium minerals by secondary oxyanion chemistry and other physicochemical properties based solely on Raman spectra. This new ML method produces a mineral profile of physical and chemical properties for an unknown sample and can rapidly classify or identify unknown minerals from Raman data, without the need for an exact pattern match in a spectral library. Training models are validated by 1. Strong correlation of high confidence model regions with published spectroscopic assignments and 2. Correct classification of a mineral not present in training data. Training data are from the Compendium of Uranium Raman and Infrared Experimental Spectra and available crystallographic information files within the open-source Smart Spectral Matching scientific framework. Physically meaningful classifier models can rapidly identify key structural and chemical information about unknown uranium minerals and the overall methodology is broadly applicable for mineral phases.
Effect of KRAS mutation status on clinicopathological characteristics and over survival in patients wtih rectal cancer
Authors: Yang Guohua , Zheng Shengbin , You Zhijie , Guo Guodon , Lin Zhijing , Wang Siming
Published: December 2024

Background KRAS mutations in rectal cancer are associated with a conflict prognosis. This study aimed to assess the clinicopathological characteristics of mutated KRAS and to explore the impact of specific KRAS mutation sites on patient survival.Methods The research retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 293 patients who received surgical treatment for rectal adenocarcinoma between May 2015 and December 2023. The patients were categorized into two groups according to their KRAS status: wild-type KRAS (wKRAS) and mutant KRAS (mKRAS), with performing research on mKRAS G12D and mKRAS G13D mutation.Results The mKRAS group included 100 patients (51.8%) and had no significantly difference in age,sex,distance from anus,TNM,LVI,TD,PNI,CEA level than that in wKRAS group.KRASG12D group had significantly more poorer differenation caner tissue(9/34,26.5% vs. 10/93,10.7%,p = 0.046), PNI(24/34,70.6%vs.42/93,45.2%,p = 0.016)and higher TD(8/34,23.5% vs.8/93,8.6%,p = 0.035) respectively,p < 0.05. Compared with the wKRAS group, the OS of mKRAS group was worse ,but had no significant difference(p = 0.0866). In comparison to the wKRAS group, the overall survival duration was notably reduced in the KRASG12D group (p = 0.0482), whereas no significant difference was observed in the KRASG13D group (p = 0.1848). Additionally, a COX survival analysis was conducted, revealing that KRASG12D, along with higher TNM stage, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), tumor differentiation (TD), and perineural invasion (PNI), were all associated with a decrease in survival time for patients with rectal cancer; however, these factors did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05).Conclusion The overall survival duration for wKRAS was superior to that of mKRAS; however, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. In contrast, the survival time for KRASG12D was significantly poorer than that for wKRAS, while no such difference was observed forKRASG13D.