bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obraz imigrantek z Ukrainy w polskim dyskursie prasowym
Authors: Bielecka-Prus Joanna
Published: August 2020

Representation of Female Immigrants from Ukraine in the Polish Press Discourse

Public opinion polls in Poland prove that Poles have a reluctant attitude towards Ukrainians. However, these data do not show how these attitudes differentiate according to the respondent’s gender. Official data on mixed marriages indicate that Polish men more often get married to Ukrainians than to other foreigners. It can therefore be assumed that the sex of immigrants is a significant variable affecting the attitude towards foreigners.

Considering the significant influence of the media on shaping attitudes towards immigrants and reproducing ethno-stereotypes, we should look more closely at the representation of women immigrants from Ukraine created and maintained in the public discourse. It can be assumed that the image of women represents the male point of view, treating female migrants as sexual objects and caregivers. Other variables are also important (eg. age, level of education) which form an intersectional image.

The research is focused on the way in which female Ukrainian immigrants are linguistically represented in selected periodicals in 2007 and 2018. The time intervals will allow us to examine the stability of the discourse. Two methods of analyses are applied: content analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). In the final part of the article, I will compare the representation of Polish migrants (based on studies already published) and migrants from Ukraine in the Polish press.

Keywords: female immigrants, Ukraine, press discourse, CDA

Streszczenie

Badania opinii publicznej w Polsce dowodzą, że Polacy mają niechętny stosunek do Ukraińców. Jednakże dane te nie pokazują, jak postawy różnicują się ze względu na płeć imigrantów. Tymczasem dane dotyczące małżeństw mieszanych wskazują, że polscy mężczyźni coraz częściej wchodzą w związki małżeńskie z Ukrainkami. Można zatem przypuszczać, że płeć imigrantów jest istotną zmienną wpływającą na stosunek do cudzoziemców.

Biorąc pod uwagę istotny wpływ mediów na kształtowanie postaw w stosunku do imigrantów i reprodukowania etnostereotypów warto przejrzeć się bliżej, jaki obraz imigrantek z Ukrainy jest tworzony i podtrzymywany w dyskursie publicznym. Można przypuszczać, że obraz kobiet z Ukrainy jest męskim punktem widzenia, sprowadzających kobiety ukraińskie do obiektów seksualnych i opiekunek. Ważne są także inne zmienne (np. wiek, wykształcenie kobiet), które tworzą intersekcjonalny obraz.

Przedmiotem badań będą językowe sposoby reprezentowania imigrantek ukraińskich w wybranych tytułach prasowych w latach 2007–2018. Wybrane przedziały czasowe pozwolą przyjrzeć się, na ile dany obraz jest stabilny. W badaniach posłużę się dwiema metodami: analizą treści oraz Krytyczną Analizą Dyskursu. W końcowej części artykułu dokonam porównania reprezentacji migrantek polskich (na podstawie badań już opublikowanych) oraz migrantek z Ukrainy w polskiej prasie.
The Liminal Space for Intercultural Learning: an Empirical Study among Undergraduate International Business Students
Authors: Korwin-Kowalewska Anna
Published: August 2020

The field of Intercultural Communication has attracted attention of specialists from various disciplines, including such distant fields of research as linguistics and international business studies. Most authors, however, focus on the scope of knowledge and skills in terms of learning objectives. Students’ own perspectives and various conceptions they construct with ascribed meanings, as well as the “architecture” of their learning process remain under-researched. This study provides an example of a replicable analysis of the Intercultural Communication learning process, based on subjects’ perspectives. Most participants of this study are first- and second-generation immigrants. Serious issues present in a multicultural setting based on the perception of the “Other” emerged, with implications for communication, collaboration and potential conflict. Two main transformation patterns were identified in the intercultural learning process, conditioned by mono- and multiculturalism. This study reveals a range within the self-conception transition framework, as well as the deep ontological aspect of the phenomenon. The findings extrapolated into a wider context should contribute to a more conflict-free environment in multicultural societies in general. The phenomenographic approach, variation theory and the threshold concept were applied to explore the semantics, the syntax of the learning process and the critical aspects of the transformative learning experience.

* This research was supported by the Institute for Environmental Sustainability, Mount Royal University (No. 2013–49a). Initial design was inspired and partly supported through collaboration with The Institute for Teaching and Learning at Mount Royal University. There has been no public presentation, nor publication of any part of this analysis. This is not part of a thesis or dissertation.
"Estudio en Lila" Romanında İspanyol Toplumu ve Kadın
Authors: DURAN Zeliha
Published: August 2020

Edebiyat ve toplum arasında yadsınamaz bir ilişki vardır. Yazar, toplumun bir öz-nesidir ve ortaya çıkardığı edebi ürün içinde bulunduğu toplumdan izler taşır. Ro-man, yapısı itibariyle toplumsal analizler yapmak için en uygun edebi ürünlerden biridir. Özellikle polisiye roman, ortaya çıktığı günden itibaren şüphesiz ki konusu, kurgusu ve işlenişi bakımından dönemin toplumsal, siyasal ve bilimsel değişiklik-lerine paralel olarak ilerleyen roman türlerinden biridir. İspanya’da yakın zamanda yaşanan toplumsal ve siyasi değişimler polisiye romanın gelişimi için uygun ortamı hazırlamıştır. 1970’li yıllardan itibaren tür, toplumsal sorunları konu edinerek bir eleştiri aracına dönüşmüştür. Franco’nun ölümünün ardından kadın yazarlar da polisiye roman türünde eserler vermişler ve kadın bakışıyla türe farklı bir boyut kazandırmışlardır. Franco’nun ölümünün ardından İspanya’yı etkisi altına alan feminizmden etkilenen kadın yazarlar, polisiye romanı ataerkil toplum sistemini eleştirmek ve ters yüz etmek için kullanmışlardır. Bu makalede 1985 yılında María Antonia Oliver tarafından yazılan Estudio en Lila romanı incelenmiştir. Dönemin toplumunu ve toplumda kadının durumunu yansıtan roman, özellikle tecavüz ve kürtaj konularına odaklanmıştır.
Synthesis of the NRP 70 joint project “Waste management to support the energy turnaround (wastEturn)”
Authors: Melanie Haupt , Stefanie Hellweg
Published: August 2020

A great deal of energy can be sourced both directly and indirectly from waste. For example, municipal waste with an energy content of around 60 petajoules is incinerated in Switzerland every year. The energy recovered directly from this waste covers around 4 % of the Swiss energy demand. However, the greatest potential offered by waste management lies in the recovery of secondary raw materials during the recycling process, thus indirectly avoiding the energy-intensive production of primary raw materials.

In order to optimise the contribution to the energy turnaround made by waste management, as a first step, improvements need to be made with respect to the transparent documentation of material and cash flows, in particular. On the basis of this, prioritisation according to the energy efficiency of various recycling and disposal channels is required. Paper and cardboard as well as plastic have been identified as the waste fractions with the greatest potential for improvement. In the case of paper and cardboard, the large quantities involved result in considerable impact. With the exception of PET drinks bottles, plastic waste is often not separately collected and therefore offers substantial improvement potential. Significant optimisation potential has also been identified with regard to the energy efficiency of incineration plants. To allow municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plants to use the heat they generate more effectively, however, consumers of the recovered steam and heat need to be located close by. A decisive success factor when transitioning towards an energy-efficient waste management system will be the cooperation between the many stakeholders of the federally organised sector. On the one hand, the sector needs to be increasingly organised along the value chains. On the other hand, however, there is also a need to utilise the freedom that comes with federal diversity in order to test different solutions.
Synthèse conjointe «Stockage d’électricité par compression adiabatique d’air» du PNR «Energie»
Authors: Haselbacher Andreas , Arnal Michel , Barbato Maurizio , Fuchs Alexander , Garrison Jared , Demiray Turhan , Jenny Philipp , Scholtysik Martin , Jacquemoud Emmanuel , Haussener Sophia , Mutel Christopher , Bauer Christian , Burgherr Peter , Schenler Warren , Pacher Franz , Amberg Felix , Zanganeh Giw
Published: August 2020

La fermeture des centrales nucléaires et le développement de l’énergie solaire et éolienne rendent la production d’électricité plus volatile. De nouveaux systèmes de stockage sont nécessaires pour s’assurer que l’électricité est disponible au moment où elle est nécessaire.

Le stockage adiabatique d’air comprimé représente une technologie prometteuse. Il utilise l’excédent de production des installations solaires et éoliennes pour comprimer l’air ambiant et le stocker dans une cavité souterraine. Au besoin, l’air comprimé est à nouveau détendu et entraîne alors une turbine qui produit de l’électricité. En tirant profit de la chaleur générée lors de la compression, cette technologie atteint un rendement de 65 à 75 %, ce qui est semblable à celui obtenu avec l’accumulation par pompage. En termes de potentiel d’émission de gaz à effet de serre et de dommages aux écosystèmes, la compatibilité environnementale des réservoirs d’air comprimé est également comparable à celle des systèmes à accumulation par pompage.

Les réservoirs d’air comprimé sont techniquement réalisables. Les composants importants, comme les turbomachines et les accumulateurs thermiques, sont déjà disponibles sur le marché ou ont été testés dans une installation pilote. La construction de cavités bénéficie de l’expérience acquise lors de la réalisation de tunnels et de cavernes.

Les réservoirs adiabatiques d’air comprimé constituent par conséquent une solution de stockage efficace, écologique et techniquement réalisable. En raison de leurs coûts d’investissement élevés et du manque de clarté qui entoure leur cadre économique et juridique, leur rentabilité demeure toutefois incertaine. Cela complique également le financement d’une installation de démonstration.
Evolution of the Cosmos and Concept of Time
Authors: Sarkar Shouvik
Published: August 2020

This article presents a new theory for the evolution of the cosmos and time. This is based on the concept of
String Theory and had tried to explain the whole phenomena from the quantum level. This has also
references from the mass energy equivalence theory and ether theory and so is able to explain the whole
phenomena from the very beginning. It is thought that this theory can explain the evolution of cosmos and
time from a completely new but more acceptable perspective.
BASIC COMPONENTS OF THE DIGITAL BUSINESS: CRUTOCURRENCY, BLOCKCHAIN, CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES AND INTERNET OF THINGS
Authors: GASİMOV Vagif , ALİYEVA Shahla
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the main components of digital business, including the digital economy. The article analyzes the current state, prospects for the development and application of cryptocurrencies, blockchain, cloud technologies and the Internet of things. The inevitability of implementation and application of these technologies everywhere during the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) is noted. Therefore, it is important to study the possibilities of these technologies, the benefits presented by these technologies for the implementation of digital business. The article also discusses cybersecurity issues that arise as a result of the implementation and application of these technologies.
ANALISA PREDIKSI EFEK KERUSAKAN GEMPA DARI MAGNITUDO (SKALA RICHTER) DENGAN METODE ALGORITMA ID3 MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI DATA MINING ORANGE
Authors: Irawan Lukman , Hasibuan Liyando Hermawan , Fauzi Fauzi
Published: August 2020

Earthquakes are relatively common natural disasters in Indonesia, mainly due to the interaction of tectonic plates. In this study the seismic energy recorded on the seismograph was measured on the Richter Scale (SR). The dataset collected during Semester 1 of 2019 from the Meteorology and Geophysics, Climatology Agency (BMKG) noted that there were many seismic energy vibrations occurring from small to large around Indonesia. Furthermore, for the attributes of the dataset that have been collected include Date / Time, Longitude, Latitude, Depth (Km), Magnitude (SR), Range of depth (Km) and the effect of earthquake damage selected as the class of the dataset collected, in this study the authors used the method classification with ID3 algorithm to produce effective prediction data for the benefit of earthquake early warning in the Indonesian archipelago.
MODEL KLASIFIKASI KEPUASAN MAHASISWA TEKNIK TERHADAP SARANA PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN DATA MINING
Authors: Lestari Ariesta , Mariati Elga , Widiatry Widiatry
Published: August 2020

Student in one of the stakeholder in a university. Therefore, student’s perception in the quality of learning facilities and infrastructures become important to ensure the university’s performance.  The Faculty of Engineering of University of Palangka Raya has not comprehensively evaluated the students’ satisfactory of the learning’s facilities. In this research, methods from data mining approach was implemented to classify whether the students satisfy or not with the quality of the learning’s facility in Engineering Faculty.  This research compared three data mining algorithm, Decision Tree C4.5, Support Vector Machine, and Naïve Bayes to obtain the best algorithm for the prediction system. 948 responses were collected, 61% of the respondent were satisfied with the quality of the learning facilities and infrastructures, while 39% of the respondents were dissatisfied. The Decision Tree c4.5 had the best performance with accuracy of 88%  and precision of 98% compared to the Naïve Bayes and support vector machine.
Women creators of Latin American electronic literature: a geographical overview
Authors: Meza Nohelia
Published: August 2020

Neste artigo, faço uma apresentação das mulheres criadoras de literatura eletrônica latino-americana, a partir de sua localização geográfica e baseando-me em obras incluídas em diferentes bancos de dados e coleções internacionais, bem como uma série de entrevistas com a maioria dos artistas foi realizada como parte da pesquisa. Isso possibilitou a criação de um histograma que apresenta informações a respeito de 43 mulheres criadoras e identifica as relações entre o país de nascimento, o ano de criação do primeiro trabalho publicado e as ferramentas tecnológicas utilizadas. A partir dessa abordagem, pôde-se identificar as primeiras mulheres latinoamericanas tradutoras de literatura eletrônica do inglês para o português e os primeiros trabalhos escritos em outros idiomas (inglês e francês), além do espanhol e do português. Trata-se, assim, de um trabalho que se desenha como uma primeira tentativa de documentar a contribuição das mulheres latino-americanas para a literatura eletrônica.
Sobre paratextos autorreferenciais e a literatura atual
Authors: Santa Everton Vinicius de
Published: August 2020

Já há algum tempo a condição e o estado da digitalidade interfere, altera, reconfigura o status do texto literário e de sua recepção muito em função do que chamo paratextos autorreferenciais. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir algumas das nuanças do processo de autoexibição de escritores presentes na literatura do agora e que acentuam a ideia de que vivemos uma exacerbação de vários Eus, ou de várias personas, cada vez mais intrínsecas às práticas literárias e às práticas cotidianas de nossas relações interpessoais, dentro e fora do mundo digital. Para isso, parte-se da premissa de que atuam neste processo de espetacularização e de construção de uma imagem pessoal e autoral, os paratextos autorreferencias. O espetáculo de hoje, na literatura e na crítica, coloca em cena a persona que se quer mostrar ao público, diluindo as fronteiras entre real e ficcional, entre o leitor e o escritor.
Fluxos rizomáticos: potencialidades e limites para a circulação, apropriação e criação cultural
Authors: Almeida Marco Antonio de
Published: August 2020

O texto é um ensaio que busca refletir sobre aspectos relativos à produção, circulação e apropriação de conteúdos culturais no mundo contemporâneo. Inicialmente apresenta as concepções de dois autores que marcaram uma inflexão nos estudos acerca dos processos culturais por defenderem o protagonismo dos leitores/consumidores: Michel de Certeau e Henry Jenkins. A seguir, desenvolve aspectos relacionados aos desafios que esse tipo de protagonismo cultural tem que enfrentar no contexto sociotécnico contemporâneo, relacionados aos conceitos de “cultura da convergência” e “cultura do algoritmo”, permeados por aspectos relativos às características simultaneamente globais e locais da internet. Conclui apontando o caráter político desses processos, considerando a internet como o campo mais recente das lutas culturais.
The Supporting Older Americans Act of 2020: How Policy Connects With Occupational Therapy Principles and Practice
Authors: Marfeo Elizabeth
Published: August 2020

The U.S. population is aging at an unprecedented rate, creating both opportunities and challenges for the overall health of the nation. Occupational therapy practitioners can inform important health policies by developing an understanding of the basis for relevant laws and programs and how occupational therapy principles relate to policy goals. This column discusses the Older Americans Act of 1965 (reauthorized as the Supporting Older Americans Act of 2020) and describes ways in which the objectives of this legislation align with the principles and practice of occupational therapy. Recommendations are provided for how the field of occupational therapy can enhance current policy development and debate, thus leading to expanded opportunities for the profession.
Introduction: An Elemental Anthropocene
Authors: Neale Timothy , Smith Will , Kenner Alison
Published: August 2020

An introduction to An Elemental Anthropocene.
An Eternal Flame: The Elemental Governance of Wildfire’s Pasts, Presents and Futures
Authors: Neale Timothy , Zahara Alex , Smith Will
Published: August 2020

Views of fire in the contemporary physical sciences arguably accord with Heraclitus’ proposal that ‘all things are an exchange for fire, and fire for all things, as goods for gold and gold for goods.’ Fire is a media, as John Durham Peters has stated, a species of transformative biochemical reactions between the flammable gases found in air, such as oxygen, and those found in fuels, such as plants. Inspired by an ignition source, these materials react and transform themselves and their surrounds into light and heat energy, carbon dioxide, water vapour, char and much else besides. Fire is conjunctural, durational and transformative. Fire is a dialectician, at once consuming living and dead organic matter and providing both the space and ingredients for new and renewed organic life. In this article, we draw upon our experience of combustible contexts—Australia, Canada and the Philippines—to consider the diverse ways in which fire is today framed as a social problem, an ecological process, an ancient tool, a natural disaster, a source of economic wealth and much more. In this way, we seek to explore the value and limits of ‘elemental thinking’ in relation to the planetary predicaments described by ‘the Anthropocene’.
Engendering the Anthropocene in Oceania: Fatalism, Resilience, Resistance
Authors: Jolly Margaret
Published: August 2020

The concept of the Anthropocene confounds Eurocentric distinctions of natural and human history, as Dipesh Chakrabarty observes. But who are ‘we’ in the Anthropocene, how do notions of our shared humanity contend with the cascading global inequalities of place, race, class and gender. Oceania is often said to have contributed the least and suffered the most from climate change. Pacific women, and especially those living on low lying atolls, have been portrayed as the most vulnerable to the disastrous consequences of climate change. This focuses on sea level rise and the toxic mixing, the elemental confusion of salt and fresh water caused by atmospheric changes and global warming. While not negating the gravity of present and future scenarios, how can we move beyond the pervasive fatalism of foreign framings and seemingly opposed clichéd evocations of ‘resilience’? The moniker of the Pacific Climate Warriors 350.org ‘We are not drowning, we are fighting’ evokes a contrary trope of resistance and resonates with Oceanic activism in politics and the creative arts.[i] Tracing such a genealogy of resistance might start with a greater respect for Indigenous knowledges and embodied practices in contemporary understandings of ‘climate cultures’ in Oceania which do not routinely distinguish between natural and human history.[ii]
'I was not aware of the hardship'
Authors: Atkinson-Philllips Alison , Hepworth Jack , Smith Graham , Fisch Silvie
Published: August 2020

This article reports on Foodbank Histories, a multi-organisational project connecting oral histories and social justice at Newcastle West End Foodbank (NWEF). Foodbank Histories recorded interviews with clients, volunteers, and supporters of NWEF, aiming to raise awareness of food poverty and generate income for the foodbank. We outline the proliferation of foodbanks in contemporary Britain, and situate Newcastle in its socio-political and geographical contexts. The article reviews the methodology and epistemology of this collaborative project, and particularly the challenges of coproduction. It also details the ongoing public outputs from this dynamic project.
Public History and Contested Heritage
Authors: Hughes Heather , Fedele Greta , Gaiaschi Zeno , Pesaro Alessandro
Published: August 2020

This article presents a case study of a collaborative public history project between participants in two countries, the United Kingdom and Italy. Its subject matter is the bombing war in Europe, 1939-1945, which is remembered and commemorated in very different ways in these two countries: the sensitivities involved thus constitute not only a case of public history conducted at the national level but also one involving contested heritage. An account of the ways in which public history has developed in the UK and Italy is presented. This is followed by an explanation of how the bombing war has been remembered in each country. In the UK, veterans of RAF Bomber Command have long felt a sense of neglect, largely because the deliberate targeting of civilians has not fitted comfortably into the dominant victor narrative. In Italy, recollections of being bombed have remained profoundly dissonant within the received liberation discourse. The International Bomber Command Centre Digital Archive (or Archive) is then described as a case study that employs a public history approach, focusing on various aspects of its inclusive ethos, intended to preserve multiple perspectives. The Italian component of the project is highlighted, problematising the digitisation of contested heritage within the broader context of twentieth-century history. Reflections on the use of digital archiving practices and working in partnership are offered, as well as a brief account of user analytics of the Archive through its first eighteen months online.
Measurement Report: Size distributions of inorganic and organic components in particulate matter from a megacity in northern China: dependence upon seasons and pollution levels
Authors: Tian Yingze , Feng Yinchang , Liang Yongli , Li Yixuan , Xue Qianqian , Shi Zongbo , Xu Jingsha , Harrison Roy M.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Size distributions of inorganic and organic components in particulate matter (PM) provide critical information on its sources, fate and pollution processes. Here, ions, elements, carbon fractions, n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), hopanes and steranes in size-resolved (9 stages) PM were analyzed during one year in a typical northern Chinese industrial megacity (Tianjin). We found that the concentrations of organic carbon fraction OC3, NO3− (or SO42−) and the sum of crustal elements were the highest in the pseudo-ultrafine ( 2.1 μm) modes, respectively. The diagnostic ratios of organic components consistently suggest that the traffic influence was stronger during summer and coal combustion during winter. Nitrate and high molecular weight PAHs were concentrated in the fine mode during winter, while nitrate and low molecular weight PAHs showed bimodal distributions especially during summer due to repartitioning. Long-chain n-alkanes showed a peak in the coarse mode during spring and summer, indicating a relatively stronger vegetation source and resuspended dust. Furthermore, we found a major difference in the size distribution of aerosol components during heavy pollution episodes (PM10 > 233 μg m−3) in different seasons: in spring, OC fractions, 4- and 5-ring PAHs, hopanes and C18–C33 n-alkanes were enhanced at 1.1–3.3 μm, implying that they may arise from local combustion sources which emit relatively large particles; in summer PM mass, SO42−, NH4+, Al, and C26–C33 n-alkanes were enhanced mainly in the coarse mode, peaking at 5.8–9.0 μm, indicating a large contribution from resuspended dust or heterogeneous reactions on dusts; in the winter and autumn, NO3− was significantly enhanced followed by SO42−, NH4+, OC and EC with their peaks shifting from 0.43–0.65 μm to 0.65–2.1 μm, indicating strong atmospheric processing. These results reveal that the size distributions of inorganic and organic aerosol components are dependent on the seasons and pollution levels as a result of the differing sources and physicochemical processes.
Measurement Report: Determination of aerosol vertical features on
different time-scales over East Asia based on CATS aerosol products
Authors: Cheng Yueming , Dai Tie , Li Jiming , Shi Guangyu
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The Cloud-Aerosol Transport System (CATS) lidar, on board the International Space Station (ISS), provides a new opportunity for studying aerosol vertical distributions, especially the diurnal variations from space observations. In this study, we investigate the seasonal variations and diurnal cycles of the vertical aerosol extinction coefficients (AECs) over East Asia by taking advantage of 32 months of the continuous and uniform aerosol measurements from the CATS lidar. Over the Tibetan Plateau, a belt of AECs approximately 6 km between 30° N and 38° N persistently exists in all seasons with an obviously seasonal variation. In summer, the aerosols at 6 km are identified as a mixture of both anthropogenic aerosols transported from India and coarse dust particles from Asian dust sources. In addition, the high AECs up to 8 km in summer over the Tibetan Plateau are caused by smoke aerosols from thermal dynamic processes. In fall and winter, the north slope of the plateau is continuously influenced by both dust aerosols and polluted aerosols transported upslope from the cities located in northwestern Asia at lower elevations. The diurnal variation of AECs in North China is mainly related to the diurnal variations of the transported dust and local polluted aerosols. Below 2 km, the AEC profiles in North China at 06:00 local Time (LT) and 12:00 LT are significantly higher than those at 00:00 LT and 18:00 LT, reaching the maximum at midday. The aerosol vertical profiles over the Tarim desert region in summer have obvious diurnal variations with the AECs at 12:00 LT and 18:00 LT being significantly higher than those at 00:00 LT and 06:00 LT, which are induced by the strongly diurnal variations in near-surface wind speeds. In addition, the peak of the AEC profiles has a significant seasonal variation, which is mainly determined by the boundary layer height.
Improvement from the satellite-derived NOx emissions on
air quality modeling and its effect on ozone and secondary
inorganic aerosol formation in Yangtze River Delta, China
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhao Yu , Zhang Lei , Zhang Jie , Huang Xin , Zhao Xuefen , Zhang Yan , Xi Mengxiao , Lu Yi
Published: August 2020

Abstract. We developed a top-down methodology combining the inversed chemistry transport modeling and satellite-derived tropospheric vertical column of NO2, and estimated the NOx emissions of Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region at a horizontal resolution of 9 km for January, April, July and October 2016. The effect of the top-down emission estimation on air quality modeling, and the response of ambient ozone (O3) and secondary inorganic aerosols (SO42−, NO3−, and NH4+, SNA) to the changed precursor emissions were evaluated with the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) system. The top-down estimates of NOx emissions were smaller than those in a national emission inventory, MEIC (i.e., the bottom-up estimates), for all the four months, and the monthly mean was calculated at 260.0 Gg/month, 24 % less than the bottom-up one. The NO2 concentrations simulated with the bottom-up estimate of NOx emissions were clearly higher than the ground observation, indicating the possible overestimation in current emission inventory attributed to its insufficient consideration of recent emission control in the region. The model performance based on top-down estimate was much better, and the biggest change was found for July with the normalized mean bias (NMB) and normalized mean error (NME) reduced from 111 % to −0.4 % and from 111 % to 33 %, respectively. The results demonstrate the improvement of NOx emission estimation with the nonlinear inversed modeling and satellite observation constraint. With the smaller NOx emissions in the top-down estimate than the bottom-up one, the elevated concentrations of ambient O3 were simulated for most YRD and they were closer to observation except for July, implying the VOC (volatile organic compound)-limit regime of O3 formation. With available ground observations of SNA in the YRD, moreover, better model performance of NO3− and NH4+ were achieved for most seasons, implying the effectiveness of precursor emission estimation on the simulation of secondary inorganic aerosols. Through the sensitivity analysis of O3 formation for April 2016, the decreased O3 concentrations were found for most YRD region when only VOCs emissions were reduced or the reduced rate of VOCs emissions was two times of that of NOx, implying the crucial role of VOCs control on O3 pollution abatement. The SNA level for January 2016 was simulated to decline 12 % when 30 % of NH3 emissions were reduced, while the change was much smaller with the same reduced rate for SO2 or NOx. The result suggests that reducing NH3 emissions was the most effective way to alleviate SNA pollution for YRD in winter.
A Meridionally Averaged Model of Eastern Boundary Upwelling
Systems (MAMEBUSv1.0)
Authors: Moscoso Jordyn E. , Stewart Andrew L. , Bianchi Daniele , McWilliams James C.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUSs) are physically and biologically active regions of the ocean with substantial impacts on ocean biogeochemistry, ecology, and global fish catch. Previous studies have used models of varying complexity to study EBUS dynamics, ranging from minimal two-dimensional (2D) models to comprehensive regional and global models. An advantage of 2D models is that they are more computationally efficient and easier to interpret than comprehensive regional models, but their key drawback is the lack of explicit representations of important three-dimensional processes that control biology in upwelling systems. These processes include eddy quenching of nutrients and meridional transport of nutrients and heat. The authors present a Meridionally Averaged Model of Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (MAMEBUS) that aims at combining the benefits of 2D and 3D approaches to modeling EBUSs by parameterizing the key 3D processes in a 2D framework. MAMEBUS couples the primitive equations for the physical state of the ocean with a nutrient-phytoplankton-zooplankton-detritus model of the ecosystem, solved in terrain following coordinates. This article defines the equations that describe the tracer, momentum, and biological evolution, along with physical parameterizations of eddy advection, isopycal mixing, and boundary layer mixing. It describes the details of the numerical schemes and their implementation in the model code, and provides a reference solution validated against observations from the California Current. The goal of MAMEBUS is to facilitate future studies to efficiently explore the wide space of physical and biogeochemical parameters that control the zonal variations in EBUSs.
Surface energy fluxes on Chilean glaciers: measurements and models
Authors: Schaefer Marius , Fonseca-Gallardo Duilio , Farías-Barahona David , Casassa Gino
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The surface energy fluxes of glaciers determine surface melt, and their adequate parametrization is one of the keys to a successful prediction of future glacier mass balance and freshwater discharge. Chile hosts glaciers in a large range of latitudes under contrasting climatic settings: from 18∘ S in the Atacama Desert to 55∘ S on Tierra del Fuego. Using three different methods, we computed surface energy fluxes for five glaciers which represent the main glaciological zones of Chile. We found the main energy sources for surface melt change from the Central Andes, where the net shortwave radiation is driving the melt, to Patagonia, where the turbulent fluxes are an important source of energy. We inferred higher surface melt rates for Patagonian glaciers as compared to the glaciers of the Central Andes due to a higher contribution of the turbulent sensible heat flux, less negative net longwave radiation and a positive contribution of the turbulent latent heat flux. The variability in the atmospheric emissivity was high and not able to be explained exclusively by the variability in the inferred cloud cover. The influence of the stability correction and the roughness length on the magnitude of the turbulent fluxes in the different climate settings was examined. We conclude that, when working towards physical melt models, it is not sufficient to use the observed melt as a measure of model performance; the model parametrizations of individual components of the energy balance have to be validated individually against measurements.
Development of SSR loci in Prosopis tamarugo Phillipi and assessment of their transferability to species of the Strombocarpa section
Authors: Contreras-Díaz Roberto , S. Carevic Felipe , Porcile Vincenzo , Arias-Aburto Mariana
Published: August 2020

Aims of the study: Phreatophyte species of the Prosopis genus are very important to natural ecosystems in Africa, South America and Asia due to their uses as food and seed sources and in agroforestry. In this research, through next-generation sequencing, we sought to search for and develop SSR markers in Prosopis tamarugo, in addition to assessing their transferability to other species in the Strombocarpa section.Area of study: The study was carried out in species of the Strombocarpa section collected in the “Pampa del Tamarugal”, located in the Atacama Desert (Chile); which is considered the driest and oldest desert on Earth.Materials and methods: The next-generation sequencing for the development of simple sequence repeat (SSR) or microsatellite loci for genetic research in P. tamarugo and their transferability in Prosopis burkartii and Prosopis strombulifera was used.Main results: A total of ~90.000 microsatellite loci in P. tamarugo were found, and a set of 43 primer pairs was used for validating SSR locus amplification. We found a large difference in the percentage of amplified SSR markers between species of the Strombocarpa and Algarobia sections.Research highlights: The present study provides for the first time 24 polymorphic SSR markers for species in the Strombocarpa section, which could be a useful tool for estimating genetic structure, developing breeding programs, quantifying genetic diversity and performing population studies.Keywords: Strombocarpa section; Prosopis tamarugo; Atacama Desert; microsatellites; NGS.
Implementation of Modern Distance Learning Platforms in the Educational Process of HEI and their Effectiveness
Authors: Kuleshova Viktoriia V. , Kutsak Larysa V. , Liulchak Svitlana Y. , Tsoi Tetiana V. , Ivanenko Iryna V.
Published: August 2020

The growing role of distance learning platforms at higher educational institutions in developing countries, and the inadequate study of their effectiveness have necessitated the elimination of this imbalance. An additional problem in studying the issue of platforms’ effectiveness is the limitation of studies, which is based on qualitative methods of assessing the effectiveness. The quantitative assessment of the effectiveness and level of satisfaction with the implementation of distance learning platforms at higher educational institutions has been conducted in this academic paper. The assessment has been conducted using the System Usability Scale (SUS) to assess the Usability of the Moodle remote platform in Ukraine and the User Satisfaction Questionnaire (USQ) to assess students’ satisfaction. The article proves the connection between the Usability of the distance learning platform and the level of satisfaction with its use. This provides an opportunity to improve the problem areas of the Usability platform in order to increase the efficiency of its use. The following effects of application have been revealed, namely: increase of internal motivation, involvement in the learning process, level of satisfaction from courses and training programs (curricula), recognition of homework’s importance, increased interest in subjects, and students’ self-efficacy. Effective communication and quick response, an automatic control system are factors that contribute to the introduction of modern distance learning platforms in the educational process of HEI. The important elements of the effectiveness of distance learning platforms in the educational process of HEI are interactivity, simplicity, convenience, the speed of student-teacher interaction, platform flexibility, and quality control.
Design of Innovative Pedagogical Systems on Interdisciplinary Basis
Authors: Dokuchaieva Viktoriia V. , Sbitnieva Liudmyla M. , Khamitov Nazip V. , Chystiak Dmytro O. , Malaniuk Nataliia M.
Published: August 2020

The urgency of the problem raised in the article is determined by: evolutionary trends in education related to the need to design prospects for its development on an innovative basis; undeveloped conceptual foundations of designing innovative pedagogical systems on an interdisciplinary basis, reflecting the dialectical unity of theoretical and technological aspects of the design process; increasing the requirements for the quality of design activities in the process of preparation for practical implementation and improvement of innovations; insufficient development of the technological and methodological apparatus for measuring and evaluating the effectiveness of the process of designing innovative pedagogical systems on an interdisciplinary basis; the need to create an infrastructure for pedagogical design and accumulation of a database of pedagogical projects. The research was conducted as a project study (DBR) for three years (2017-2020) using mixed methods: unstructured interviews, the method of expert evaluations (based on the method of pairwise comparison), qualimetric methods of assessing the quality of pedagogical projects, statistical methods of data processing and testing hypotheses. The study showed that the effectiveness of the design of innovative pedagogical systems on an interdisciplinary basis is ensured by the creation of an external information and educational environment for the design of innovative systems and monitoring of design activities. In terms of content, they reflect the main provisions of the study and provide its experimental verification. The study developed an instrument for expert evaluation of projects of innovative pedagogical systems on an interdisciplinary basis, covering the project presentation scheme, summative and prognostic criteria of examination in socio-pedagogical, psychological and pedagogical, scientific and methodical, managerial and technical areas, methods of project quality assessment. The conclusions and recommendations of the study can be the basis for improving the educational process in educational institutions, as well as the development of pedagogical design practices.
Diversiteit van regelovertreding in de chemische industrie: specialisten of generalisten?
Authors: Wiering Ellen , Kluin Marieke , Peeters Marlijn , Blokland Arjan , Huisman Wim
Published: August 2020

Diversiteit van regelovertreding in de chemische industrie: specialisten of generalisten?

Voor risicogerichte handhaving van regelnaleving door bedrijven is het niet alleen van belang inzicht te verkrijgen in hoe vaak een bedrijf de regels overtreedt, maar ook welke regels worden overtreden. Patronen in de aard van regelovertreding kunnen indicatief zijn voor de achterliggende oorzaak van regelovertreding en daarmee nuttige kennis opleveren voor het vormgeven van effectieve handhavingsstrategieën. In deze studie brengen we patronen in de aard van regelovertreding in kaart voor 494 Nederlandse Brzo-bedrijven die vallen onder de Europese Seveso III-richtlijn. We maken hiervoor gebruik van zowel de diversiteitsindex als latenteklasseanalyse. Onze resultaten laten zien dat diversiteit in regelovertreding sterk samenhangt met de frequentie waarmee bedrijven regels overtreden. Regelovertredende bedrijven blijken doorgaans geen specialisten, maar generalisten. Implicaties voor toezicht en handhaving worden besproken.
Lærergrupper på Facebook II
Authors: Aukland Knut , Tandberg Håkon Naasen
Published: August 2020

I to sammenhengende artikler introduserer vi lærergrupper på Facebook som et nytt forskningsfelt i norsk kontekst. Vår studie undersøker RLE-lærergruppa, en Facebook-gruppe opprettet i 2015 av og for religionslærere. Gruppen har per januar 2020 over 2 800 medlemmer. Vi har samlet inn data på innhold og aktivitet i gruppen over en ettårsperiode fra 2018 til 2019 og kombinert en kvalitativ og kvantitativ koding av alle postene, samt hvem som poster. I denne andre artikkelen sammenligner vi RLE-lærergruppa med Religionslærerforeningen og andre tidligere, ikke-digitale møteplasser i det religionspedagogiske og didaktiske feltet. Vi viser at RLE-lærergruppa er unik ved at den er den eneste møteplassen og samlingspunktet for religionslærere på alle trinn over hele landet. Den styrker skole–akademias forbindelser ved å fasilitere kommunikasjon mellom lærere, lærerstudenter og lærerutdannere. Vi argumenterer videre for at gruppen bidrar til en vertikal integrering i det religionsdidaktiske feltet som bryter med det tradisjonelle hierarkiet mellom skole og akademia.

Stikkord: Facebook, religionslæreren, det religionspedagogiske feltet, det religionsdidaktiske feltet, Religionslærerforeningen, skole og akademia[1]

[1] Takk til Geir Skeie og Moumita Sen for innspill på ulike tidspunkt i prosessen. Takk også til Ann Midttun, Elisabeth Haakedal, Kari Repstad, Liv Gundersen og Sverre Mogstad for informasjon om ulike deler av religionspedagogikkens organisatoriske historie.
Finite element analysis of the proximal phalanx of the thumb in Hominoidea during simulated stone tool use
Authors: BUCCHI Ana , PÜSCHEL Thomas A. , LORENZO Carlos , MARCÉ-NOGUÉ Jordi
Published: August 2020

Finite element analysis was applied to analyze six individuals from different primate species (Homo sapiens Linnaeus, 1758, Homo neanderthalensis King, 1864, Pan troglodytes Blumenbach, 1779, Gorilla gorilla Savage, 1847, Pongo pygmaeus Linnaeus, 1760 and Hylobates lar Linnaeus, 1771) to identify stress distribution patterns on the pollical proximal phalanx during simulated hammerstone use. We expected the stress to be better distributed in our species than in other hominids based on the idea that, unlike apes, the human hand is adapted to tool-related behaviors. Our results indicate that the human phalanx unevenly distributes stresses and is one of the most fragile of all, especially when a small hammerstone is simulated. Tool orientation relative to the phalanx did not have a substantial effect on average stress or distribution. We conclude that great apes can resist loads exerted during this activity more efficiently than humans and that there were probably other evolutionary factors acting on this bone in our species.
A new genus and species of Sternaspidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the deep eastern Atlantic
Authors: Fiege Dieter , Barnich Ruth
Published: August 2020

Based on specimens recently collected in sediments from 2700 m depth off Mauritania (Northwest Africa; type locality) and from 2700–4400 m depth off Angola (Southwest Africa), a new genus and species, Mauretanaspis longichaeta gen. et spec. nov., is described. The new genus and species are characterized by a unique combination of characters: ventro-caudal shield covered by firmly adhering sediment, lateral margins strongly bent and merging into integument; introvert hooks tapering; eight pre-shield segments; absence of peg chaetae; exceptionally long posteriormost lateral chaetae equaling body length; posterior shield chaetae equaling shield length. A comparative table of characters for all currently recognised sternaspid genera and a key to all species with ventro-caudal shield covered by firmly adhering sediment are provided.
Estereotipos de género en la infancia
Authors: GONZÁLEZ BAREA EVA MARÍA , Rodríguez Marín YOLANDA
Published: August 2020

En este artículo se analizan los estereotipos, en torno al género, existentes entre el alumnado de Educación Infantil de diferentes centros educativos de la Región de Murcia (España). Para ello, se han analizado los gustos y preferencias del alumnado desde la perspectiva de género, se ha identificado el uso de espacios y materiales escolares desde la óptica del género, así como examinado las interacciones y relaciones socioeducativas entre niños y niñas en el contexto escolar.

Mediante una metodología mixta se ha utilizado el cuestionario y la observación como instrumento escolar y método de recogida de datos. La muestra total de este estudio ha estado constituida por 175 niños y niñas pertenecientes a diferentes centros educativos de la Región de Murcia.

Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que tanto las niñas como los niños de cinco años de edad –de la muestra- poseen varios de los tipificados estereotipos asignados a cada sexo: juegan y, además, desean jugar, con juguetes diferentes según cual sea su sexo; utilizan, en el aula, espacios diferentes, así, mientras que ellas prefieren jugar en el rincón simbólico, ellos lo hacen en el rincón de las construcciones.

Por tanto, se evidencia que el patriarcado sigue estando latente en las pequeñas cosas, en la diferenciación de actividades, el lenguaje, la realización de las tareas del hogar, en juegos y juguetes…, que unidas provocan la perpetuación de un estereotipo sexista que condiciona nuestras vidas desde que nacemos. Por otro lado, se afirma que los centros educativos se convierten en uno de los ámbitos más relevantes pues actúa tanto de reproductor de conductas como de regulador de las mismas. Además, hacer visible esta situación desde la infancia, permite inculcar en las niñas y en los niños unos valores tolerantes, igualitarios y democráticos que rechacen diferenciar a las personas por el hecho de ser de un sexo o de otro.