bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN METODE STUDI KASUS YIN DALAM PENELITIAN ARSITEKTUR DAN PERILAKU
Authors: Nur’aini Ratna Dewi
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAK Studi kasus adalah studi empiris yang menyelidiki fenomena kontemporer dalam konteks kehidupan nyata. Awalnya metode penelitian studi kasus sering digunakan pada bidang ilmu sosial. Namun seiring dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, metode studi kasus mulai digunakan pada bidang lain. Metode penelitian studi kasus adalah strategi yang tepat untuk digunakan dalam penelitian yang menggunakan pertanyaan penelitian utama “bagaimana” atau “mengapa”, diperlukan sedikit waktu untuk mengontrol peristiwa yang dipelajari, dan fokus penelitian adalah fenomena kontemporer. Dalam metode studi kasus, para peneliti fokus pada desain dan implementasi penelitian. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengkaji metode penelitian studi kasus yang dirumuskan oleh Robert K. Yin dan selanjutnya melihat penerapannya dalam penelitian di bidang arsitektur dan perilaku. Pada penelitian di bidang arsitektur dan perilaku, metode studi kasus Yin ini dapat diaplikasikan walaupun secara parsial dan dapat dikombinasikan dengan metode lainnya. Penelitian bersifat kualitatif dengan kasus yang diamati meliputi kasus tunggal ataupun multi kasus yang pengamatannya berfokus kepada perilaku manusia dan seting lingkungannya. Kata kunci: arsitektur perilaku, kontemporer, studi kasus; studi perilaku, Yin ABSTRACTCase studies are empirical studies that investigate contemporary phenomena in real life contexts. Initially the case study research method was often used in the social science field. But along with the development of science, case study methods began to be used in other fields. The case study research method is the right strategy to use in research that uses the main research questions of “how” or “why”, it takes a little time to control the events being studied, and the focus of research is contemporary phenomena. In the case study method, researchers focus on the design and implementation of research. The purpose of this paper is to examine the case study research method formulated by Robert K. Yin and then look at its application in research in architecture and behavior. In research in architecture and behavior, the Yin case study method can be applied even though partially and can be combined with other methods. Qualitative research with observed cases include single or multi-case cases whose observations focus on human behavior and environmental settings. Keywords: behavioral architecture, contemporary, case study, behavioral studies, Yin
Attitudes of General Practitioners Toward Prescription of Mobile Health Apps: Qualitative Study
Authors: Sarradon-Eck Aline , Bouchez Tiphanie , Auroy Lola , Schuers Matthieu , Darmon David
Published: March 2021

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) apps are a potential means of empowering patients, especially in the case of multimorbidity, which complicates patients’ care needs. Previous studies have shown that general practitioners (GPs) have both expectations and concerns regarding patients’ use of mHealth apps that could impact their willingness to recommend the apps to patients.

Objective

The aim of this qualitative study is to investigate French GPs’ attitudes toward the prescription of mHealth apps or devices aimed toward patients by analyzing GPs’ perceptions and expectations of mHealth technologies.

Methods

A total of 36 GPs were interviewed individually (n=20) or in a discussion group (n=16). All participants were in private practice. A qualitative analysis of each interview and focus group was conducted using grounded theory analysis.

Results

Considering the value assigned to mHealth apps by participants and their willingness or resistance to prescribe them, 3 groups were defined based on the attitudes or positions adopted by GPs: digital engagement (favorable attitude; mHealth apps are perceived as additional resources and complementary tools that facilitate the medical work, the follow-up care, and the monitoring of patients; and apps increase patients’ compliance and empowerment); patient protection (related to the management of patient care and fear of risks for patients, concerns about patient data privacy and security, doubt about the usefulness for empowering patients, standardization of the medical decision process, overmedicalization, risks for individual freedom, and increasing social inequalities in health); doctor protection (fear of additional tasks and burden, doubt about the actionability of patient-gathered health data, risk for medical liability, dehumanization of the patient-doctor relationship, fear of increased drug prescription, and commodification of patient data).

Conclusions

A deep understanding of both the expectations and fears of GPs is essential to motivate them to recommend mHealth apps to their patients. The results of this study show the need to provide appropriate education and training to enhance GPs’ digital skills. Certification of the apps by an independent authority should be encouraged to reassure physicians about ethical and data security issues. Our results highlight the need to overcome technical issues such as interoperability between data collection and medical records to limit the disruption of medical work because of data flow.
Epidemiology of Malaria in East Nusa Tenggara Province in Indonesia: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Guntur Robertus Dole , Kingsley Jonathan , Islam Fakir M Amirul
Published: March 2021

Background

Malaria is a global pandemic that results in approximately 228 million cases globally; 3.5% of these cases are in Southeast Asian countries, including Indonesia. Following the World Health Organization (WHO) initiative, Indonesia is in the process of achieving malaria-free zone status by 2030. However, the eastern part of Indonesia, including the East Nusa Tenggara Province (ENTP), still has a disproportionately high rate of malaria.

Objective

The aims of this cross-sectional study are to determine the awareness and knowledge, attitude, and practice toward various aspects of malaria among rural adults and their associated factors, including sociodemographic factors and ethnicities; assess the gap between coverage of, access to, and use of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) among the households; estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with malaria in rural adults; and develop a risk prediction model for malaria.

Methods

A multistage cluster sampling procedure with a systematic random sampling procedure at cluster level 4 was applied to recruit 1503 adults aged 18 years or older from the ENTP. Each participant participated in a face-to-face interview to assess their awareness and knowledge, attitude, and practice toward aspects of malaria, practices of sleeping under LLINs, and history of malaria. Information on sociodemographic, environmental, and lifestyle factors was also documented. The proportion of knowledge, attitude, and practice toward aspects of malaria and their variations across different sociodemographic and ethnic groups will be analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Coverage and access to LLINs will be evaluated based on the WHO recommendations. Malaria risk factors will be analyzed using logistic regression. Multilevel logistic regression will be applied to estimate the risk score for malaria.

Results

Of the total participants, 99.46% (1495/1503) of rural adults from 49 villages in the ENTP participated in a face-to-face interview from October to December 2019. The study results are expected to be published in peer-reviewed journals.

Conclusions

The best malaria risk prediction model will be developed in this study. In this protocol, we developed a methodology to provide new evidence to guide health policy in supporting the ENTP government’s expectation to achieve the malaria-free rating by 2030.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/23545
Medical Food Assessment Using a Smartphone App With Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensors: Proof-of-Concept Study (Preprint)
Authors: Roux de Bézieux Hector , Bullard James , Kolterman Orville , Souza Michael , Perraudeau Fanny
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Novel wearable biosensors, ubiquitous smartphone ownership, and telemedicine are converging to enable new paradigms of clinical research. A new generation of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices provides access to clinical-grade measurement of interstitial glucose levels. Adoption of these sensors has become widespread for the management of type 1 diabetes and is accelerating in type 2 diabetes. In parallel, individuals are adopting health-related smartphone-based apps to monitor and manage care.

OBJECTIVE

We conducted a proof-of-concept study to investigate the potential of collecting robust, annotated, real-time clinical study measures of glucose levels without clinic visits.

METHODS

Self-administered meal-tolerance tests were conducted to assess the impact of a proprietary synbiotic medical food on glucose control in a 6-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2×2 cross-over pilot study (n=6). The primary endpoint was incremental glucose measured using Abbott Freestyle Libre CGM devices associated with a smartphone app that provided a visual diet log.

RESULTS

All subjects completed the study and mastered CGM device usage. Over 40 days, 3000 data points on average per subject were collected across three sensors. No adverse events were recorded, and subjects reported general satisfaction with sensor management, the study product, and the smartphone app, with an average self-reported satisfaction score of 8.25/10. Despite a lack of sufficient power to achieve statistical significance, we demonstrated that we can detect meaningful changes in the postprandial glucose response in real-world settings, pointing to the merits of larger studies in the future.

CONCLUSIONS

We have shown that CGM devices can provide a comprehensive picture of glucose control without clinic visits. CGM device usage in conjunction with our custom smartphone app can lower the participation burden for subjects while reducing study costs, and allows for robust integration of multiple valuable data types with glucose levels remotely.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04424888; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04424888.
Attitudes of General Practitioners Toward Prescription of Mobile Health Apps: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sarradon-Eck Aline , Bouchez Tiphanie , Auroy Lola , Schuers Matthieu , Darmon David
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Mobile health (mHealth) apps are a potential means of empowering patients, especially in the case of multimorbidity, which complicates patients’ care needs. Previous studies have shown that general practitioners (GPs) have both expectations and concerns regarding patients’ use of mHealth apps that could impact their willingness to recommend the apps to patients.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this qualitative study is to investigate French GPs’ attitudes toward the prescription of mHealth apps or devices aimed toward patients by analyzing GPs’ perceptions and expectations of mHealth technologies.

METHODS

A total of 36 GPs were interviewed individually (n=20) or in a discussion group (n=16). All participants were in private practice. A qualitative analysis of each interview and focus group was conducted using grounded theory analysis.

RESULTS

Considering the value assigned to mHealth apps by participants and their willingness or resistance to prescribe them, 3 groups were defined based on the attitudes or positions adopted by GPs: digital engagement (favorable attitude; mHealth apps are perceived as additional resources and complementary tools that facilitate the medical work, the follow-up care, and the monitoring of patients; and apps increase patients’ compliance and empowerment); patient protection (related to the management of patient care and fear of risks for patients, concerns about patient data privacy and security, doubt about the usefulness for empowering patients, standardization of the medical decision process, overmedicalization, risks for individual freedom, and increasing social inequalities in health); doctor protection (fear of additional tasks and burden, doubt about the actionability of patient-gathered health data, risk for medical liability, dehumanization of the patient-doctor relationship, fear of increased drug prescription, and commodification of patient data).

CONCLUSIONS

A deep understanding of both the expectations and fears of GPs is essential to motivate them to recommend mHealth apps to their patients. The results of this study show the need to provide appropriate education and training to enhance GPs’ digital skills. Certification of the apps by an independent authority should be encouraged to reassure physicians about ethical and data security issues. Our results highlight the need to overcome technical issues such as interoperability between data collection and medical records to limit the disruption of medical work because of data flow.
Adoption of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: A Balance Between Privacy and Effectiveness (Preprint)
Authors: Seto Emily , Challa Priyanka , Ware Patrick
Published: March 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

With the relative ubiquity of smartphones, contact tracing and exposure notification apps have been looked to as novel methods to help reduce the transmission of COVID-19. Many countries have created apps that lie across a spectrum from privacy-first approaches to those that have very few privacy measures. The level of privacy incorporated into an app is largely based on the societal norms and values of a particular country. Digital health technologies can be highly effective and preserve privacy at the same time, but in the case of contact tracing and exposure notification apps, there is a trade-off between increased privacy measures and the effectiveness of the app. In this article, examples from various countries are used to highlight how characteristics of contract tracing and exposure notification apps contribute to the perceived levels of privacy awarded to citizens and how this impacts an app’s effectiveness. We conclude that finding the right balance between privacy and effectiveness, while critical, is challenging because it is highly context-specific.
Going Remote—Demonstration and Evaluation of Remote Technology Delivery and Usability Assessment With Older Adults: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hill Jordan R , Harrington Addison B , Adeoye Philip , Campbell Noll L , Holden Richard J
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated “going remote” with the delivery, support, and assessment of a study intervention targeting older adults enrolled in a clinical trial. While remotely delivering and assessing technology is not new, there are few methods available in the literature that are proven to be effective with diverse populations, and none for older adults specifically. Older adults comprise a diverse population, including in terms of their experience with and access to technology, making this a challenging endeavor.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to remotely deliver and conduct usability testing for a mobile health (mHealth) technology intervention for older adult participants enrolled in a clinical trial of the technology. This paper describes the methodology used, its successes, and its limitations.

METHODS

We developed a conceptual model for remote operations, called the Framework for Agile and Remote Operations (FAR Ops), that combined the general requirements for spaceflight operations with Agile project management processes to quickly respond to this challenge. Using this framework, we iteratively created care packages that differed in their contents based on participant needs and were sent to study participants to deliver the study intervention—a medication management app—and assess its usability. Usability data were collected using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and a novel usability questionnaire developed to collect more in-depth data.

RESULTS

In the first 6 months of the project, we successfully delivered 21 care packages. We successfully designed and deployed a minimum viable product in less than 6 weeks, generally maintained a 2-week sprint cycle, and achieved a 40% to 50% return rate for both usability assessment instruments. We hypothesize that lack of engagement due to the pandemic and our use of asynchronous communication channels contributed to the return rate of usability assessments being lower than desired. We also provide general recommendations for performing remote usability testing with diverse populations based on the results of our work, including implementing screen sharing capabilities when possible, and determining participant preference for phone or email communications.

CONCLUSIONS

The FAR Ops model allowed our team to adopt remote operations for our mHealth trial in response to interruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic. This approach can be useful for other research or practice-based projects under similar circumstances or to improve efficiency, cost, effectiveness, and participant diversity in general. In addition to offering a replicable approach, this paper tells the often-untold story of practical challenges faced by mHealth projects and practical strategies used to address them.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04121858; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04121858
e-Cigarette Cessation: Content Analysis of a Quit Vaping Community on Reddit (Preprint)
Authors: Struik Laura , Yang Youjin
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

e-Cigarette use, also known as vaping, has increased dramatically over the past few years, especially among younger demographics. However, researchers have found that a large number of e-cigarette users want to quit. Little is known about the unique aspects of vaping cessation, which is critical to informing the development of relevant resources and interventions for e-cigarette users who want to quit. Social media forums such as Reddit provide opportunities to understand the experiences of behavior change such as quitting vaping from the perspective of end users.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine a quit vaping subreddit to understand how e-cigarette users are experiencing and approaching vaping cessation. Specifically, we examine methods used to approach quitting, reasons for quitting, and barriers and facilitators to quitting.

METHODS

A total of 1228 posts were collected. The posts were inductively coded to generate categories and subcategories using conventional content analysis. Data were analyzed using the NVivo 12 qualitative data analysis software.

RESULTS

Most users reported a preference for approaching quitting through gradual reduction, particularly through the use of their own devices by tapering the nicotine content. Their reasons for quitting were primarily related to experiencing negative physical consequences associated with vaping, especially in relation to their lungs (eg, tight chest), and tired of feeling stuck to the vape because of nicotine addiction. Top barriers to quitting were related to withdrawal symptoms and intensity of addiction. The top facilitators to quitting were related to using distraction techniques (eg, hobby, gaming, and mindfulness exercises), as well as having a positive mindset.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study reveal unique aspects that encompass the process of quitting vaping. These findings have significant implications for both policy and intervention development.
A Digital Self-management Program (Help to Overcome Problems Effectively) for People Living With Cancer: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Wright Hayley , Martin Faith , Clyne Wendy , Clark Cain C T , Matouskova Gabriela , McGillion Michael , Turner Andrew
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

We present the results of a feasibility, randomized waitlist control group (CG) parallel design study with a 1:1 allocation ratio. Participants were randomized into an intervention group (IG) or a waitlist CG. The intervention was a 6-week digital self-management program, Help to Overcome Problems Effectively (HOPE), for people with cancer.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to test the feasibility of a digitally delivered self-management program for people with cancer. This will inform the design of a definitive randomized controlled trial. In addition, a preliminary assessment of the impact of the HOPE program via secondary outcomes will be used to assess signals of efficacy in a trial context.

METHODS

Participants were drawn from an opportunity sample, referred by Macmillan Cancer Support, and were invited via email to participate in the study (N=61). Primary outcomes were rates of recruitment, retention, follow-up, completion and adherence, sample size and effect size estimation, and assessment of progression criteria for a definitive trial. Secondary outcomes were self-report measures of participants’ positive mental well-being, depression, anxiety, and patient activation (ie, confidence in managing their cancer). The intervention and data collection took place on the web.

RESULTS

The recruitment rate was 77% (47/61). A total of 41 participants completed the baseline questionnaires and were randomized to either the IG (n=21) or the waitlist CG (n=20). The retention rate (attending all program sessions) was greater than 50% (all: 21/41, 51%, IG: 10/21, 48%; and CG: 11/20, 55%). The follow-up rate (completing all questionnaires) was greater than 80% (all: 33/41, 80%; IG: 16/21, 76%; and CG: 17/20, 85%). The completion rate (attending ≥3 sessions and completing all questionnaires) was greater than 60% (all: 25/41, 61%; IG: 13/21, 62%; and CG: 12/20, 60%). Engagement data showed that participants viewed between half (5.1/10, 51%) and three-quarters (12.2/16, 76%) of the pages in each session.

CONCLUSIONS

All progression criteria for a definitive trial were met, as supported by the primary outcome data. The IG showed improved postprogram scores on measures of positive mental well-being, depression, anxiety, and patient activation. A full-scale trial of the digital HOPE program for people with cancer will allow us to fully evaluate the efficacy of the intervention relative to a CG.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN79623250; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN79623250

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/24264
Barriers to and Facilitators of Automated Patient Self-scheduling for Health Care Organizations: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Woodcock Elizabeth W
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Appointment management in the outpatient setting is important for health care organizations, as waits and delays lead to poor outcomes. Automated patient self-scheduling of outpatient appointments has demonstrable advantages in the form of patients’ arrival rates, labor savings, patient satisfaction, and more. Despite evidence of the potential benefits of self-scheduling, the organizational uptake of self-scheduling in health care has been limited.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this scoping review is to identify and to catalog existing evidence of the barriers to and facilitators of self-scheduling for health care organizations.

METHODS

A scoping review was conducted by searching 4 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Business Source Ultimate, and Scopus) and systematically reviewing peer-reviewed studies. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to catalog the studies.

RESULTS

In total, 30 full-text articles were included in this review. The results demonstrated that self-scheduling initiatives have increased over time, indicating the broadening appeal of self-scheduling. The body of literature regarding intervention characteristics is appreciable. Outer setting factors, including national policy, competition, and the response to patients’ needs and technology access, have played an increasing role in influencing implementation over time. Self-scheduling, compared with using the telephone to schedule an appointment, was most often cited as a relative advantage. Scholarly pursuit lacked recommendations related to the framework’s inner setting, characteristics of individuals, and processes as determinants of implementation. Future discoveries regarding these Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains may help detect, categorize, and appreciate organizational-level barriers to and facilitators of self-scheduling to advance knowledge regarding this solution.

CONCLUSIONS

This scoping review cataloged evidence of the existence, advantages, and intervention characteristics of patient self-scheduling. Automated self-scheduling may offer a solution to health care organizations striving to positively affect access. Gaps in knowledge regarding the uptake of self-scheduling by health care organizations were identified to inform future research.
Inhibition of Rehmannia mosaic virus Infection by Ganoderma sp. Extract
Authors: Pertiwi Mustika Ajeng Kartini Putri , Suryanti Suryanti , Somowiyarjo Susamto
Published: March 2021

In fruiting bodies and mycelia of several fungi belonging to a Basidiomycetes group, among others, Ganoderma contains active polysaccharides and has potential as an antiviral substances. This study aimed to determine the effect of mycelium and fruiting body extract of Ganoderma sp. against Rehmannia mosaic virus (ReMV) infections on Chenopodium amaranticolor with variations of dilution and application times. The results showed that mycelium and fruiting body extract of  Ganoderma sp. could inhibit ReMV infections. Antiviral extract which were applied 4 hours before, and at the same time with virus inoculation resulted in a higher viral inhibition rates than when applied 4 hours after virus inoculation. Fruiting body extract at 10-1 and 10-2 dilutions delayed symptom appearance caused by ReMV infection when applied 4 hours before virus inoculation. Mycelium extract at dilution of 10-2 and 10-3 applied 4 hours before virus inoculation resulted in the highest inhibition rate (100%) which was indicated as the number of local lesions on Chenopodium amaranticolor leaves. Meanwhile the fruiting body extract dilution of 10-1 resulted in highest inhibition (99.55%) when applied 4 hours before virus inoculation.
Survey of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) from 23 Species of Fruits Collected in Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Aryuwandari Valentina E. F. , Trisyono Y. Andi , Suputa Suputa , De Faveri Stefano , Vijaysegaran Shanmugam
Published: March 2021

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are major pests of fruits and vegetables in many countries, including Indonesia. Knowledge of the fruit fly host range in a specific area is an important part of the area-wide pest management program to reduce the pest problem. The aim of this study was to extend and update the information on the host range of fruit flies in the Regency of Sleman, Yogyakarta. This area is one of the centers of fruit production, particularly snake fruit in Indonesia. Fruit sampling was conducted from August 2019 to February 2020 in four sub-districts in Sleman consisting of different types of agro-ecosystems. Fruit rearing was carried out in the laboratory followed by identification of the fruit and fruit flies that emerged to species level. From the 23 species of fruits belonging to 14 different families that were collected, the following 6 species of fruit flies emerged: Bactrocera dorsalis, B. carambolae, B. umbrosa, B. albistrigata, B. mcgregori, and Zeugodacus cucurbitae. Bactrocera dorsalis and B. carambolae utilized the widest range of hosts, 12 and 11 species of fruits, respectively. Syzygium cumini, Malpighia emarginata, and Phaleria macrocarpa were recorded for the first time as new hosts of B. carambolae in Indonesia. Additional data of B. dorsalis and B. carambolae infesting salak cv. pondoh is also reported.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN Al2(SO4)3 DAN Na2CO3 TERHADAP TURBIDITAS DAN pH AIR BAKU PADA INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR BERSIH.
Authors: Br Bancin Jasniar , Nuzlia Cut
Published: March 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tawas Al2(SO4)3 dan soda ash Na2CO3 terhadap turbiditas dan pH air baku pada instalasi pengolahan air bersih (IPA). Dari penelitian ini diperoleh bahwasanya tawas Al2(SO4)3 dan soda ash Na2CO3  dapat membantu proses koagulasi-flokulasi sebagai penyangga pH. Pengaruh penambahan tawas dan soda ash pada air baku yaitu dapat menurunkan kadar turbiditas dan mempertahankan pH pada air baku (yang telah diolah). Sehingga menghasilakan air bersih yang sesuai standar baku mutu menurut Permenkes No. 32 Tahun 2017.
Response of some Tunisian bread wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) to anther culture system
Authors:   Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Appliquée à l’AgricultureInstitut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie, Ariana 2049, Tunisia, Ltifi Ali , Sahli nissa ,   Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Appliquée à l’AgricultureInstitut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie, Ariana 2049, Tunisia, Brahmi Wejden ,   Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Appliquée à l’AgricultureInstitut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie, Ariana 2049, Tunisia, Nefzi Insaf ,   Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Appliquée à l’AgricultureInstitut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie, Ariana 2049, Tunisia
Published: March 2021

This study focusedon wheat haploid production by anther culture. The main purpose wasto compare the in vitro androgenesis response often wheat Tunisian bread wheat varieties on two different induction media. The anthers were introduced in vitro when microspores were in the middle uninucleate stage and obtainedfrom treated spikes at 4° C for two weeks. The culture media 190-2 and BAC3 were used. Plants regenerated from induced embryos and calli were grown on the 190-2 medium without any growth regulators. The response to anther culture was different between the studied varieties. Androgenesis induction was better on the 190-2 medium than on BAC3 medium. In addition, the development of calli and the regeneration of embryos were better on 190-2 medium than on BAC3. Both green plantlets and albina were regenerated from induced embryos on the 190-2 medium, while no green plant regenerated from the embryos growingon BAC3 medium. Four varieties over ten studied gave good number of green plants. These results indicatedthat 190-2 medium was most favorable for the in vitro androgenesis of the Tunisian bread wheat varieties.
Evaluation of the influence of dendrometric and ecological factors on the natural regeneration of “Cedrus Atlantica Mannetti” In Ain Antar forest, Algeria
Authors:   Laboratory of Conservatory Management of Water, Soil and Forests, Bared Mourad , Berrichi Mohamed ,   Department of Forest Resources,Faculty of Nature and Life and Earth Sciences and the Universe,University of Tlemcen,Algeria
Published: March 2021

This study aims to evaluate the effect of dendrometric and ecological factors on the natural regeneration of the Atlas cedar "Cedrus atlantica Mannetti" in AinAntarforest,Algeria. This study wascarried out in 14 circular plots of 500 m2area.In order to quantify the seedlingclasses, six sub-plots of 1 m2were installed in each plot.The results of the dendrometric data showedthe presence of a "Gaussian distribution" with a dominance offruitingdiameters(37.5 and 57.5 cm).The results of ecological parameters revealedthat in high altitudes, above 1300 m, natural regeneration seemedto be relatively difficult (30% compared to low and medium altitudes). On slopes greater than 30%, seedlings of less than one year old were less present (20 % compared to the seven first plots). The role of the vegetation cover (40–0%), the litter cover (30–40%) and of the soil depth (shallow and deep) appearedto favor the survival of seedlings, especiallywhen they werestill young. The correlation analysis indicatedthat the different seedling classes became less numerous when altitude, slope and basal area increased.
Mechanical behavior of mortars composed of a mixture of cement and lime stone filler
Authors:   Université Ibn Khaldoun, BP 78 Zaaroura, 14000 Tiaret, Algerie, Belmahi Samir ,   Laboratoire de Géomatique et Développement Durable, Université Ibn Khaldoun de Tiaret, Algérie, Zidour Mohammed ,   Université Ibn Khaldoun, BP 78 Zaaroura, 14000 Tiaret, Algerie,   Laboratoire de Géomatique et Développement Durable, Université Ibn Khaldoun de Tiaret, Algérie, Bensatllah Tayeb ,   Université Ibn Khaldoun, BP 78 Zaaroura, 14000 Tiaret, Algerie,   Laboratoire de Géomatique et Développement Durable, Université Ibn Khaldoun de Tiaret, Algérie
Published: March 2021

This work consists in studying the mechanical behavior of mortars composed of a mixture of cement and fire-clay. The limestone filler is used as an additive in this mixture. The main idea wasto compare this mortar with an ordinary mortar,made with a normal sand, thus,to know the limit of their use in construction.The results showed and confirmed that fire-clay mortar, cannot give better resistances than a normal sand mortar. The second idea wasto introduce the limestone filler manufactured by ENG Tlemcen (Algeria) as an addition. Theproposed percentages varied from 5% to 30% of the cement mass. The resultsobtained showed that the substitution of a part of cement by the limestone filler helps to improve the mechanicals resistances of mortars and that the best fraction of limestone filler wasfixed at 10%.
Occupational lead toxicity in Craft Potters
Authors:   Department of Toxicology, Center of Medical Assistance and Emergency “MahmoudYaacoub”, Tunis, Tunisia, Chaouali Nadia , Nouioui Anouar ,   Department of Toxicology, Center of Medical Assistance and Emergency “MahmoudYaacoub”, Tunis, Tunisia, Aouard Manel ,   Department of Toxicology, Center of Medical Assistance and Emergency “MahmoudYaacoub”, Tunis, Tunisia, Amira Dorra ,   Department of Toxicology, Center of Medical Assistance and Emergency “MahmoudYaacoub”, Tunis, Tunisia, Hedhili Abderazek ,   Department of Toxicology, Center of Medical Assistance and Emergency “MahmoudYaacoub”, Tunis, Tunisia
Published: March 2021

Lead intoxication risks were studied in a community of ceramic folk art workers in Nabeul (Tunisia),where the manufacture of low temperature lead ceramic ware is a family tradition and often the only source of income. Data onlifestyle, working conditions and clinical disorders were collected from workers.31 potters working in five different workshopswere included in this study. Blood lead levels wereanalyzed by graphite furnaceatomic absorption spectrometry.Blood lead levels ranged from 40 to 540 μg/L, with a mean of 220.3 μg/L. 42 percent of potters had a blood lead level over 200 μg/L and 13 % over 400 μg/L,which is over the World Health Organization guidelinesfor removingworkersfrom exposure,as this is the concentration over which renal damage is accelerated.In the community of ceramic folk art workers living in north-eastern Tunisia, blood lead concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.05).Our findings showedthat the use of lead-oxide glaze can increase the risk ofleadtoxicity and reiterate the needfor strict guidelines regarding the useof lead in pottery and replacing it by lead free paints.
Multivariateanalysis of traits associated with durum wheat seed vigor under saline conditions.
Authors:   Faculté des S.N.V, Université Abbes Laghrour, Khenchela, Algérie, Fercha Azzedine , Laabassi Ayache ,   Faculté des S.N.V, Université Abbes Laghrour, Khenchela, Algérie, Aissani Tarek ,   Faculté des S.N.V, Université Abbes Laghrour, Khenchela, Algérie, Sahraoui houki ,   Faculté des S.N.V, Université Abbes Laghrour, Khenchela, Algérie, Ghaoui Mahmoud ,   Faculté des S.N.V, Université Abbes Laghrour, Khenchela, Algérie
Published: March 2021

n thisstudy, the ability of germination, seedlings emergence and salt stress tolerance in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) wereevaluated by multivariate analysis using eight cultivars collected from different regions of Algeria. Two-way ANOVA indicatedsignificant effects of "salt stress" and"genotype"on all the attributes of germination and seedlings growth. The principal component analysis indicated that the first and second components accounted for about 64.5% of the variation among the traits analyzed. The second component includedthe coleoptileslength,seedlingslength and vigor index, and accountedfor nearly 60% of the variation. This component representedthe ability of wheat seedlings to grow under salt stress conditions. The hierarchical cluster analysis classified the eight genotypes into two groups. Results obtained suggestedthat selection for high values of the traits such as"coleoptileslength", ‘seedlingslength’and "seedsvigor"didimprove salt tolerance of durum wheat. In addition, the cross between the genotypes classified in groups I and II may increase the genetic diversity in this species, and enable efficient selection among the progeny obtained from these crosses.
A study on vineyards biocenose in northern Algria.
Authors:   quipe de Recherche  Biologie de la conservation.Laboratoire d’Agrobiotechnologie et de nutrition en zones semi arides, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Ibn Khaldoun Tiaret, Algérie, Bounaceur Farid , Bissaad Fatima Zohra ,   Faculté des Sciences, Université M’Hamed Bougara, Boumerdès, Algérie, Doumandji-mitiche Bahia ,   Département de Zoologie Agricole, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Agronomie El Harrach, Algérie
Published: March 2021

Systematic Monitoring was carriedin a vineyard in Mitija, Algeria,during an annual cycle. Monthly sampling conducted bydifferent techniques were performed in different seasons in order to estimatethe vineyard biocenose. Analysis of the data showedsignificant diversity of species of invertebrates including arthropods, especially insects. This fauna is composed of 7540 individuals, distributed over 13 orders, 29 families and 47 species. As for the seasonal evolution of the wine biocenose, it wasrelatively highand diversified during the spring, and composed mainly of phytophagous-opophages and predators.The prevalence and changes in abundance of different functional groups appeared to bedependent on the phenological changes that occuredin the plant from March until June.Thesynchronous presence of phytophagous-opophages with their predatorswas noted. Parasitoids were observed starting from the autumn period.As for the evolution of the functional groupswith the seasons, two groupswere revealed, the first was formed essentially throughphytophagous, predators and all opophages responding to aspring and summer season,and the second group of boringinsects; whereasparasitoids werereported after the autumn period and at the beginning of winter.
Social Media, Digital Scholarship, and Academic Promotion in US Medical Schools
Authors: Johng Stephanie Y. , Mishori Ranit , Korostyshevskiy Valeriy R.
Published: March 2021

Background and Objectives: Academic promotion is critical in academic medicine. Traditionally, peer-reviewed journal articles have been at the core of advancement deliberations. With the increasing prominence digital content and social media, an increasing number of academics have begun linking their scholarly value with their online activities. It is unclear whether and how US academic medical institutions have updated their promotion criteria to reflect the changing environment and digital practices of faculty members.
Methods: We reviewed publicly available advancement and promotion policies and faculty handbooks of 148 allopathic medical schools in the United States (April 2018 through September 2018), to see if social media was explicitly included in their scholarship criteria.
Results: Of the 148 allopathic institutions only 12 (8.1%) stated that digital and social media products would be factored into the scholarship and/or other domains of the promotion application. There were no associations between acceptability of social media in the tenure process and schools’ characteristics.
Conclusions: Digital media use has the potential to distribute scholarship widely. Including digital scholarship in promotion would help destigmatize the use of digital platforms and promote science dissemination to the public. Medical institutions should embrace new models of digital scholarship and lead the way in defining and ensuring quality.
Financing the Fourth Year: Experiences of Required 4-Year Family Medicine Residency Programs
Authors: Douglass Alan B. , Barr Wendy B. , Skariah Joe M. , Hill Kelly J. , Acevedo Yadira , Garvin Roger , Savage Sasha
Published: March 2021

Abstract: The optimal length of family medicine training has been debated since the specialty’s inception. Currently there are four residency programs in the United States that require 4 years of training for all residents through participation in the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Length of Training Pilot. Financing the additional year of training has been perceived as a barrier to broader dissemination of this educational innovation. Utilizing varied approaches, the family medicine residency programs at Middlesex Health, Greater Lawrence Health Center, Oregon Health and Science University, and MidMichigan Medical Center all demonstrated successful implementation of a required 4-year curricular model. Total resident complement increased in all programs, and the number of residents per class increased in half of the programs. All programs maintained or improved their contribution margins to their sponsoring institutions through additional revenue generation from sources including endowment funding, family medicine center professional fees, institutional collaborations, and Health Resources and Services Administration Teaching Health Center funding. Operating expense per resident remained stable or decreased. These findings demonstrate that extension of training in family medicine to 4 years is financially feasible, and can be funded through a variety of models.
Disability Policies and Practices in Family Medicine Residencies: A CERA Study
Authors: Meeks Lisa M. , Case Ben , Joshi Heidi , Harper Diane M. , Graves Lisa
Published: March 2021

Background and Objectives: Increasing the diversity of family medicine residency programs includes matriculating residents with disabilities. Accrediting agencies and associations provide mandates and recommendations to assist programs with building inclusive policies and practices. The purpose of this study was (1) to assess programs’ compliance with Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) mandates and alignment with Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) best practices; (2) to understand perceptions of sources of accommodation funding; and (3) to document family medicine chairs’ primary source of disability-related information.
Methods: Data were collected as part of the 2019 Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance Chairs’ Survey. Respondents answered questions about disability policy, disability disclosure structure, source of accommodation funding, and source of information regarding disability.
Results: Half (56%) of responding chairs reported maintaining a disability policy in alignment with ACGME mandates, while half (52%) maintain a disability disclosure structure in opposition to AAMC recommendations. Funding sources for accommodation were reported as unknown (32.9%), the hospital system (27.1%), or the departmental budget (24.3%). Chairs listed human resources (50.7%) or diversity, equity, and inclusion offices (23.9%) as the main sources of disability guidance.
Conclusions: The number of students with disabilities in medical education is growing, increasing the likelihood that family medicine residency programs will select and train residents with disabilities. Results from this study suggest an urgent need to review disability policy and processes within departments to ensure alignment with current guidance on disability inclusion. Department chairs, as institutional leaders, are well positioned to lead this change.
Positive solutions for m-point p-Laplacian fractional boundary value problem involving Riemann Liouville fractional integral boundary conditions on the half line
Authors: Oz Dondu , Karaca Ilkay
Published: March 2021

This paper investigates the existence of positive solutions for m-point
p-Laplacian fractional boundary value problem involving Riemann Liouville
fractional integral boundary conditions on the half line via the
Leray-Schauder Nonlinear Alternative theorem and the use and some properties
of the Green function. As an application, an example is presented to
demonstrate our main result.
Uniqueness part of Schwarz lemma for driving point impedance functions
Authors: Örnek Nafi , Düzenli Timur
Published: March 2021

In this paper, a boundary version of the uniqueness part of the Schwarz lemma
for driving point impedance functions has been investigated. Also, more
general results have been obtained for a different version of the
Burns-Krantz uniqueness theorem. In these results, as different from the
Burns-Krantz theorem, only the boundary points have been used as the
conditions on the function. Also, more general majorants will be taken
instead of power majorants in (1.1).
The g-Drazin inverse involving power commutativity
Authors: Chen Huanyin , Sheibani Marjan , Kose Handan
Published: March 2021

Let A be a complex Banach algebra. An element a ? A has g-Drazin inverse if
there exists b ? A such that b = bab, ab = ba, a-a2b ? A qnil. Let a, b ?
Ad. If a3b = ba, b3a = ab, and a2adb = aadba, we prove that a + b ? Ad if
and only if 1 + adb ? Ad. We present explicit formula for (a + b)d under
certain perturbations. These extend the main results of Wang, Zhou and Chen
(Filomat, 30(2016), 1185-1193) and Liu, Xu and Yu (Applied Math. Comput.,
216(2010), 3652-3661).
n-3 Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: An Individual Participant-Level Pooling Project of 20 Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Qian Frank , Ardisson Korat Andres V. , Imamura Fumiaki , Marklund Matti , Tintle Nathan , Virtanen Jyrki K. , Zhou Xia , Bassett Julie K. , Lai Heidi , Hirakawa Yoichiro , Chien Kuo-Liong , Wood Alexis C. , Lankinen Maria , Murphy Rachel A. , Samieri Cecilia , Pertiwi Kamalita , de Mello Vanessa D. , Guan Weihua , Forouhi Nita G. , Wareham Nick , Hu InterAct Consortium, Frank B. , Riserus Ulf , Lind Lars , Harris William S. , Shadyab Aladdin H. , Robinson Jennifer G. , Steffen Lyn M. , Hodge Allison , Giles Graham G. , Ninomiya Toshiharu , Uusitupa Matti , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Lindström Jaana , Laakso Markku , Siscovick David S. , Helmer Catherine , Geleijnse Johanna M. , Wu Jason H.Y. , Fretts Amanda , Lemaitre Rozenn N. , Micha Renata , Mozaffarian Dariush , Sun Qi
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE

Prospective associations between n-3 fatty acid biomarkers and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk are not consistent in individual studies. We aimed to summarize the prospective associations of biomarkers of α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with T2D risk through an individual participant-level pooled analysis.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

For our analysis we incorporated data from a global consortium of 20 prospective studies from 14 countries. We included 65,147 participants who had blood measurements of ALA, EPA, DPA, or DHA and were free of diabetes at baseline. De novo harmonized analyses were performed in each cohort following a prespecified protocol, and cohort-specific associations were pooled using inverse variance–weighted meta-analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 16,693 incident T2D cases were identified during follow-up (median follow-up ranging from 2.5 to 21.2 years). In pooled multivariable analysis, per interquintile range (difference between the 90th and 10th percentiles for each fatty acid), EPA, DPA, DHA, and their sum were associated with lower T2D incidence, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of 0.92 (0.87, 0.96), 0.79 (0.73, 0.85), 0.82 (0.76, 0.89), and 0.81 (0.75, 0.88), respectively (all P < 0.001). ALA was not associated with T2D (HR 0.97 [95% CI 0.92, 1.02]) per interquintile range. Associations were robust across prespecified subgroups as well as in sensitivity analyses.

CONCLUSIONS

Higher circulating biomarkers of seafood-derived n-3 fatty acids, including EPA, DPA, DHA, and their sum, were associated with lower risk of T2D in a global consortium of prospective studies. The biomarker of plant-derived ALA was not significantly associated with T2D risk.