bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges, Reflections and Possibilities Experienced During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period by an Interdisciplinary Professional Doctorate Course in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil: Experience Report
Authors: Silva Telma Lúcia de Araújo , Filho Moacyr Cunha , Mattos Jorge Luiz Schirmer De
Published: August 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic, which directly impacted the entire education network in a global context, also caused a process of reinvention and emergence of skills that were required in the relationships between students and teachers, from the moment that educational institutions were forced to cancel face-to-face teaching. In this sense, this article socializes and reflects on the experience lived by a team of collaborators and students of the Postgraduate Program course in Agroecology and Territorial Development (PPGADT) of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), located in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, facing the challenges imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic, elaborated from participant observation conducted between March 2020 and January 2021. This is an interdisciplinary research with a qualitative approach, whose data were collected from bibliographic and documentary research, field diary, and evaluation meetings of the school semester. A systematic survey of the main difficulties faced was carried out, as well as the strategies adopted to perform the practical part of the course, required by the course regulations. The results indicate that the field immersion model proposed by PPGADT, faced with the emergency situation of remote teaching, even with many setbacks presented, is feasible and reproducible. Moreover, it generated significant reflections and learning that act in the transformation of the doctoral students.
Geometrical Model of bearing Capacity for a Safe Rectangular Vertically Loaded Shallow Pad Foundation on a Cohessionless (Sandy) Soil with Minimum Angle of Friction
Authors: Okeniyi A.G. , Akolade A.S. , Adefisoye S.A. , Akanbi O. T. , Okeleye O.D.
Published: August 2022

Provision of adequate structural footing in building infrastructures is sensitive and highly challenging. Thus to alleviate the challenges of the subject task, a model was developed for simulating behavior of a pad rectangular footing on a cohessionless soil under the action of a vertical load. The approach is purely mathematical techniques of modeling, concept and application. A governing equation was theoretically formulated based on a specified condition, theories and applicable parameters. This was experimentally simulated to describe the relationship between variable parameters and to predict the geotechnical behaviour (bearing capacity) of the sandy soil underneath a shallow foundation. The geometry is specified by footing length, L, breadth, B and the placement depth, Df of the element. The model clearly established the interrelationship between the dominant parameters of the soil and footing geometry for determining bearing capacity to help engineering decisions in the design of a safe footing on a sandy soil environment.
The Upper Paleolithic Site of Sergeevka-1 (Southern Cis-Urals): Items of Extra-Utilitarian Activity Reviewed
Authors:   Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RAS, Kotov Viacheslav
Published: August 2022

Goals. The work aims to introduce new examples of artistic activity from the Upper Paleolithic era. The site of Sergeevka-1 is located on the shore of the Nugush Reservoir in Meleuzovsky District of Bashkortostan. Results. The collection of stone products numbers over five thousand finds radiocarbon dated to 18000 ± 340 years old. The to be described finds include as follows: two pebble sculptures, a figured flint, an ornamental suspension of steatite, and an ornamented pebble of silicified slate. All this makes it possible to assume the cult nature of these images. On the basis of ethnographic analogies, the paper attempts a semantic analysis of the sculptural images. For the Upper Paleolithic, one can assume that the use and veneration of natural forms with ornamentation of tools and decorations (from natural forms of stone and bone) were an important and specific way of symbolization within artistic activity in the Ural-Volga region.
Archaeology of the Lower Amur. Rock Art: Symbolism of Signs in a Coupled Mask among Petroglyphs of Sikachi-Alyan — Malyshevo
Authors:   Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East, Far Eastern Branch of the RAS, Lapshina Zoya
Published: August 2022

The article deals with the Stone Age rock art of the Lower Amur. Petroglyphs are manifested aspects of a complete view of the worldarticulated in mythology and transformed into artistic images on stones and rocks. The study focuses on coupled masks of the Lower Amur petroglyphs as elements of an ancient world model. Goals.The article attempts an insight into symbolic essentials of the coupled mask on stone no. 57 of the Sikachi-Alyan-Malyshevo petroglyphs. The research employs an approach to describe rock art through the iconographic method to depict masks. Тhe study of signs inherent to masks appeals to B. Rybakov’s theory of double (coupled) rozhanitsy and fertility spirits, analyzes writings by a number of ethnographers and archaeologists, such as A. Anisimov, A. Zolotarev, A. Popov, A. Lipsky, A. Okladnikov, and E. Okladnikova. Results.The signs in coupled masks semantically depict an artistic image of the mythological celestial pair of rozhanitsy that favorthe birth of everything. Sedentary fishermen of the Amur created a model of the universe consisting of the heavenly and earthly spheres. One such partis depicted on stone no. 57. The drawings had been created as attributes of rituals associated with the cult of fertility.
Archaeological Finds from Kalmykia’s Sites in Museums of Russia: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Kekeev Erdni
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Archaeological collections to have resulted from excavations in the territory of Kalmykia are currently stored at different museums of Russia, namely: Palmov National Museum of Kalmykia (Elista), Saratov Oblast Museum of Local History and Lore (Saratov), State Historical Museum (Moscow), and several other public museums of the region. Goals. The article attempts a comprehensive analysis of museum collections to have arrived from archaeological sites of Kalmykia. The finds were explored from a number of aspects, such as origin, archaeological era, materials, inventory categories, level of investigation, use in exhibitions, availability in published catalogues. Results. The study clarifies the mentioned museums contain over 8.000 items, and more than 7.000 of the latter come from funerary sites (kurgan burials and altars), as well as from single scattered burials; over 1.000 finds have resulted from excavations of settlements (hillforts). The bulk of the latter date from the Mesolithic to the Bronze Age. For items from funerary monuments, the figures are somewhat different, namely: 1.819 (40.6%) attributed to the Bronze Age, 1.442 (32.2%) — Early Iron Age, 1.222 (27.3%) — Middle Ages. The assessment of distribution by individual burials reveals the average for all collections is 2.4 finds per burial. The calculated distribution of finds by materials used shows those number a total of 60 different designations. Most them are made of clay — 40.6%, iron — 16.2%, bronze — 11.4%. The rest of the finds are made of flint, bone, stone, etc. The insight into distributions by inventory categories examines almost 6.000 items to reveal the absolute majority of the latter are pottery and incense burners (over 2.500 items), while finds classified as tools and weapons are slightly fewer (more than 1.400 units). Another major cluster is compiled from personal jewelry and personal utensils — over 1.000 units.
Impact of Disclosing Fat Content, Primal Source, and Price on Consumer Evaluation of Ground Beef
Authors: Harr Keayla M. , Beyer Erin S. , Farmer Kaylee J. , Davis Samuel G. , Chao Michael D. , Vipham Jessie L. , Zumbaugh Morgan D. , O'Quinn Travis G.
Published: August 2022

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of providing information about the fat content, primal source,and price on consumers’ palatability ratings of ground beef from the same source. Ground beef chubs that were 80% lean/20% fat (n=15/panel type) were obtained, and 151.2 g patties were manufactured from the chubs. Chubs were assigned randomly to panels for 1 of 3 different panel types. The fat content panels had samples labeled as 90% lean/10% fat (90/10), 80% lean/20% fat (80/20), 73% lean/27% fat (73/27), lean, and extra lean. Price point samples were assigned to 1 of 5 different points: ultra-high, high, medium, low, and ultra-low. Primal panel samples were labeled as ground chuck, ground round, ground sirloin, and store ground. Each panel had one sample with no information given (NONE). Samples were evaluated by consumers (N=305), who were informed of the treatment prior to evaluation for tenderness, juiciness, flavor, texture, overall liking, and purchasing intent and rated each trait as acceptable or unacceptable. Labeling ground beef as 90/10, 80/20, and 73/27 resulted in increased (P<0.05) consumer ratings for tenderness, flavor, and overall liking. Informing consumers of the price of the product resulted in increases (P<0.05) for all palatability traits for samples labeled with ultra-high, high, medium,and ultra-low prices. Furthermore, attaching a primal blend label to the samples resulted in an increase (P<0.05) for all the palatability traits evaluated for all 4 primal blend types. Additionally, purchasing intent was increased (P<0.05) for samples when consumers were informed of the price and primal blend. Ultimately, providing consumers with information about the fat content, price, and primal blend type influences their perceived palatability of ground beef.
Spatial fuzzy topological space
Authors: Das Rakhal
Published: August 2022

The concept of spatial fuzzy set is introduced in this article. We have established some fundamental conclusions on the spatial fuzzy set and the spatial fuzzy topological space. Because fuzziness is an internal feature of spatial objects, we used topological relations to build internal properties and relationships between them.
La página legible
Authors: Pérez Cortés Sergio
Published: August 2022

Sergio Pérez Cortés trata acerca de las prácticas intelectuales que se hacen visibles en las páginas de los libros. Dichas prácticas participan en el modelado de la página legible bajo la forma de una serie de signos y convenciones gráficas y de escritura. Para el autor, lector, escritor y página forman parte de la legibilidad.
Octavio Paz-Haroldo Campos: Transblanco: punto de intersección de dos escrituras poéticas de la Modernidad
Authors: Meyer-Minnemann Klaus
Published: August 2022

Klaus Meyer-Minnemann hace una revisión de la traducción al portugués que hizo Haroldo de Campos del poema Blanco de Octavio Paz. A la traducción, de Campos añade una serie de textos que deben iluminar el poema de Paz y los principios que subyacen a su traducción, creando así una obra nueva, conscientemente compuesta. Para de Campos la transcriação es una actividad que revela el operar de la función poética en el texto de partida tras su reconstrucción en la versión de la lengua de llegada.
Toxicological Effects of Lead Nitrate on Biochemical Parameters of Fresh Water Fish Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: Sasikumar S. , Prakash Sahaya Leon J.
Published: August 2022

Freshwater systems are exposed to a variety of pollution sources, such as industrial waste, domestic sewage, agricultural disposal and mining processes. Most of the heavy metals entering into the food chain cause physiological damage for aquatic organisms. The toxicological effects of heavy metals are to non-target organisms like freshwater fishes. Lead is the most important heavy metal that causes bio accumulative toxicity in fish and other aquatic organisms. Lead nitrate is one of the heavy metals, that are found in the environment and causes many adverse effects. Oreochromis niloticus is an important species in commercial fisheries in the world. Human consumption of heavy- metal polluted water can have direct or indirect effects on human health. The present study analyzed the accumulation of heavy metals in water, fish Nile tilapia and also conducted a health risk assessment on humans. In the present study, the 96h LC50 values recorded for lead nitrate was 43ppm.The fish Oreochromis niloticus were treated for the sub lethal concentration of 1/10th,1/20/ and 1/30of lead nitrate (Pb (NO3)2) for the period of 30 days to get biochemical variations of different tissues in the Gill, Liver, Muscle and Kidney. The decreased level of Carbohydrate observed in Lead nitrate exposed fish at all the sub lethal concentrations (1/10, 1/20 and 1/30). The level of total protein and Lipid concentrations were decreased in Gill, Liver, Muscle and Kidney of lead nitrate treated fish Oreochromis niloticus. The depletion of protein, lipid, Carbohydrate content in Gill, Liver, Muscle and Kidney tissues of Oreochromis niloticus was due to the toxicant stress caused by Heavy metal Lead nitrate. A questionnaire-based dietary survey was conducted in 1000 healthy humans from the general population at various fish markets in various places of Krishnagiri district, Tamilnadu. Dietary data were collected in detail through face-to-face interview only on tilapia consumption. Intake (g) was computed. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS for Windows and all tests were considered significant at p< 0:05

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Comparison of Biomarkers to Differentiate Chronic Kidney Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology
Authors: Rajyalakshmi Nakka , Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan , Sivanesan Senthilkumar , Sabhavatu Vijaya
Published: August 2022

Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDU) is prevalent and clinically silent until its late stages at which patient may suffer significant irreversible damage, or mortality in the absence of early screening and intervention. CKDU is asymptomatic but may show nonspecific symptoms. Conventional markers are influenced by multiple non-renal factors while Kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) and Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL) are promising biomarkers of chronic kidney disease (CKD), there are no studies reported so far on these markers in CKDU. The aim of the study is to assess the sensitivity of biomarkers serum KIM-1 and NGAL in patients with CKDU in comparison with CKD and controls. To achieve this, our objectives are to estimate the level of biochemical parameters like serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, random blood sugar, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and hemoglobin and to compare novel biomarkers KIM-1 and NGAL in CKDU patients with CKD. The serum levels of urea, uric acid, creatinine, KIM-1 and NGAL were estimated in control, CKD and CKDU (n = 35, 46, 79 respectively). Creatinine showed 8.1-fold and 2.7-fold increase (P <0.001), and urea 4.0% and 1.8% increase (P < 0.001), compared to control in CKD and CKDU cohorts, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of KIM-1 was 73.4% and 67.4%with a cutoff value of 203.5ng/mL using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve. For NGAL they were 82.3%, 73.9% and 255ng/mL. Compared to control, KIM-1 showed a 51.5-fold and 87.2-fold increase in CKD and CKDU, respectively (P < 0.001). NGAL showed a 4.8-fold and 6.7-fold increase in CKD and CKDU, respectively (P < 0.001). Creatinine and urea were higher in CKD than in CKDU, whereas KIM-1 and NGAL were higher in CKDU than CKD. KIM-1 and NGAL are sensitive biomarkers for CKDU. KIM-1 can differentiate CKD and CKDU.
TERRITORIALIDADES LGBTQIA+ EM UMA ESCOLA
Authors: Freitas Edjango Lima , Fernandez Pablo Sebastian Moreira
Published: August 2022

Este artigo propõe discutir o espaço escolar a partir das noções geográficas de território e de territorialidade como expressão de práticas espaciais mobilizadoras da discussão de gênero e de sexualidade, dando ênfase a grupos de estudantes LGBTQIA+. Estes que por muitos componentes da comunidade escolar são considerados desviantes aos padrões socioculturais heteronormativos e hegemônicos e vêm enfrentando nas últimas décadas um apagamento por parte de políticas educacionais que se posicionam claramente sobre a inclusão e diversidade no âmbito dessas discussões. Para tanto, elegemos o conceito de território (e seus derivativos: territorialidades e territórios vividos) como direcionamento para o estudo, visto que as práticas espaciais se tornam experiências “marginais” implicando na quebra de barreiras, geração de conflitos e na construção de territorialidades a partir de relações de poder.
Slavophilism and Westernism Disputing over Gogol’s Poem “Dead Souls”: Facts and Evidence
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vinogradov Igor A.
Published: August 2022

For the first time, the polemic of contemporaries about “Dead Souls” is considered in the broad context of the formation of two main ideologies in Russian society of the 1840s — Slavophilism and Westernism. A multifaceted study of the historical and literary “background” on which the first readers got acquainted with Gogol’s work shows that the dispute about the epic beginning in “Dead Souls” is only a separate “episode” in the many years of confrontation between the parties, an integral link in the development of domestic cultural traditions, in view of the growing nihilistic tendencies of Westernism. Although the polemic about Gogol’s poem was the first public act of demarcation in the positions of K.S. Aksakov and V.G. Belinsky, it was preceded by an ideological disagreement between the two representatives of the Slavophile and Westernizing trends in 1839; it was preceded and then followed by a fundamental dispute between Aksakov and Belinsky about the significance of M.V. Lomonosov’s heritage for Russian culture; related to it is the well-known fact of Aksakov wearing Russian national dress, etc. The article details the history of the conception, publication and reader’s perception of Aksakov’s article “A few words about Gogol’s poem ‘The Adventures of Chichikov or Dead Souls’.” A special Gogol position in relation to the dispute between Aksakov and Belinsky is indicated. Determination of the main features of the author’s understanding of the genre of “Dead Souls” is also among the issues solved for the first time.
Emotional intelligence and career development through organizational socialization: A practical study
Authors: Al-Haraisa Yazan Emnawer
Published: August 2022

Emotional intelligence has become one of the popular concepts that have received the attention of many researchers in the field of management in recent times (Shipley, Jackson, & Segrest, 2010). Hashemi (2018) mentioned that emotional intelligence and organizational socialization are considered the most important and might be a predictor of productivity. This study intends to examine the impact of emotional intelligence on career development through organizational socialization in commercial banks in Jordan. The current study contributes to the literature by presenting an applied study that links emotional intelligence, organizational socialization, and career development. The population of the current study consisted of 13 banks listed on Amman Stock Exchange in 2021. The sample of the current study consisted of 298 employees. A descriptive and analytical approach was carried out. Furthermore, the study used the analysis of moment structures (Amos) program version 23.0 to test the study hypotheses. The current study came up with a set of results, one of the important that there is a mediation impact of organizational socialization on the relationship between emotional intelligence and career development which is partially consistent with the result of Liao, Zhou, and Yin’s (2022) study that found that organizational socialization improves directly the new employee behavior and, in turn, support the innovation of team performance. The study recommends that commercial banks pay more attention to their employees by motivating and training them
Interplay of limiting factors explains context dependence in plant invasions
Authors: Catford Jane , Shepherd Harry , Tennant Philip , Tilman David
Published: August 2022

Context dependence impedes accurate prediction in ecology, including the
extent and impact of invasion. Using a grassland experiment, we show
that the interplay of limiting factors can explain why invasion trends
vary with circumstance. By manipulating invader seed dose and physical
disturbance and tracking cover of groups of fast and slow invaders in
three communities over three years, we examined how seed-, resource- and
growth rate-limitation affected the abundance and diversity impacts of
invading plants. Evidence indicated that seeds primarily limited cover
of resource-acquisitive fast invaders in early and mid successional
communities, growth rate limited resource conservative slow invaders in
early and mid succession, and resources limited invasion of both groups
in late succession. Resident community diversity declined as invader
cover increased, consistent with effects of resource limitation. A
greater focus on limiting factors in invasion ecology will provide us
with a structure for predicting invasion outcomes in different
situations.
Lockdown effects on fear: direct and indirect effects mediated by release of urban predators
Authors: Díaz Mario , Moller Anders
Published: August 2022

The Covid-19 lockdown reduced drastically human presence outdoors,
providing an uncontrolled experiment for disentangling direct and
indirect effects of human presence on animal fearfulness. We measured
18,494 flight initiation distances (FIDs, the distance at which
individual animals fly away when approached by a human) from 1,333
populations of 202 bird species taken in four European cities both
before, during and after the lockdown. Differential responses to
lockdown among urban and rural habitats and between signing and
non-singing birds showed that lockdown relaxed direct disturbance
effects on birds in rural habitats, but increased indirect fear effects
mediated by predator release (mainly feral cats) in cities.
A report of QTc prolongation in a massive multi-drug overdose involved Nortriptyline and Livergol
Authors: Gharibi Somayeh , izadi Hanieh Salmani , Jafari Hadi
Published: August 2022

We report the case of a massive Nortriptyline and Livergol overdose,
presenting with the typical Nortriptyline intoxication features,
including QT prolongation and rapid response to the treatment, which
provides a rationale for the safety profile of Silymarin medications
with minimal risks of drug-drug interactions.
A current perspective of Rosuvastatin usage and its complications:
Authors: Khatri Govinda , Rai Aneesh
Published: August 2022

Rosuvastatin is a lipid-lowering medication that is routinely used to
reduce blood cholesterol levels. It acts by inhibiting HMG-CoA
reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol production,
preventing de novo cholesterol synthesis and increasing the amount of
low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on the liver surface, resulting
in lower blood LDL levels. Rosuvastatin has some adverse effects,
including moderate ones like headache, stomach discomfort, nausea, and
weakness, as well as major ones like muscle, liver, and renal issues
including severe muscular pain, decreased appetite, dark-colored urine,
and continuous nausea/vomiting. According to recent research,
rosuvastatin medication can produce renal tubular toxicity in persons
who have no prior history of kidney disease. Rosuvastatin has been
linked to myalgia, rhabdomyolysis, and elevated creatine phosphokinase
levels. If patients on rosuvastatin have muscular or renal difficulties,
they should seek emergency medical assistance. Nonetheless,
Rosuvastatin’s lipid-lowering effects exceed the danger of adverse
effects. Strong adherence to these safety precautions can enhance
Rosuvastatin’s safety profile and allow it to be given safely for
hypercholesterolemia.
First seroepidemiological and risk factor survey of avian metapneumovirus circulation in Moroccan broiler farms
Authors: Mernizi Amine , Bouziane Salma , Fathi Hicham , Criado Juan , Bouslikhane Mohammed , Ghram Abdeljelil , Catelli Elena , Mouahid Mohammed , Nassik Saadia
Published: August 2022

Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) is a highly contagious pathogen for broilers. Its epidemiological aspects remain poorly understood in Morocco. Given that, we carried out a pilot seroepidemiological survey from December 2020 to June 2021 to define aMPV seroprevalence in Moroccan broiler flocks in different bioclimatic zones (humid to sub-humid, semi-arid, arid) during winter and spring. According to these zones, 48 flocks not vaccinated against aMPV were selected using a stratified random sampling model. With a simple random sampling strategy, fifteen to thirty sera per flock were collected then analysed using a commercial indirect ELISA kit (CIVTEST AVI TRT?, HIPRA S.A., Amer, Spain) that was able to titre antibodies against aMPV subtypes A and B. Furthermore, questionnaires were shared with veterinarians in charge of flocks to collect data and analyse it with multivariable logistic regression models to identify risk factors associated with virus circulation. From 1142 sera, 912 tested positive with the ELISA used, showing an overall aMPV seroprevalence of 79.86% in the broilers. The arid zone had the highest seroprevalences: 94.16% during winter and 84.82% during spring. Bioclimate and season seemed to contribute to aMPV seropositivity. Likewise, high stocking densities and poor hygiene scores on farms were proven to predispose birds to seropositivity. Hereby, we show the circulation of aMPV in Moroccan broiler farms is influenced by bioclimate, season, density, and hygiene conditions. The present study is the first serological evidence of aMPV in broilers in the Maghreb region.
Alternative Hybrid Solution Suggestions for Heating/Cooling in Turkey Using Data Envelopment Analysis and TOPSIS
Authors: SÖZEN Adnan , MENLİK Tayfun , ÇİFTÇİ Erdem , ANVARİ-MOGHADDAM Amjad
Published: August 2022

Developing alternative and hybrid solution proposals for increasing Primary Resource Factor (PRF) values of the provinces in Turkey will lead to an increase in the use of renewable energy resources. In this study, each renewable energy sources should be evaluated with data envelopment analysis, and the obtained solution proposals for each province are the research subjects. Suggestions have been made that overlapping alternative solutions should be transformed into the hybrid structures in Turkey. In addition, a similar study was conducted using TOPSIS method, and an answer was sought to the question of what hybrid structures should be in terms of economics. Analysis results have been mapped for on-site solutions with renewable energy sources in the solution of district heating/cooling problems within the framework of increasing energy prices. Prominent alternative solutions are listed as solar, wind and hydraulic.
Cement Choice and the Fatigue Performance of Monolithic Zirconia Restorations
Authors: Guilardi LF , Pereira GKR , Giordani JC , Kleverlaan CJ , Valandro LF , Rippe MP
Published: August 2022

This study investigated the fatigue failure load of simplified monolithic yttria partially stabilized zirconia polycrystal restorations cemented to a dentin-like substrate using different luting systems. Disc-shaped ceramic (Zenostar T, 10 mm Ø × 0.7 mm thick) and dentin-like substrate (10 mm Ø × 2.8 mm thick) were produced and randomly allocated into eight groups, without or with thermocycling (TC=5–55°C/12,000×): “cement” (RelyX Luting 2 – glass ionomer cement [Ion], [Ion/TC]; RelyX U200 – self-adhesive resin cement [Self], [Self/TC]; Single Bond Universal+RelyX Ultimate – MDP-containing adhesive + resin cement [MDPAD + RC], [MDP-AD + RC/TC]; ED Primer II+Panavia F 2.0 – Primer + MDP-containing resin cement [PR + MDP-RC], [PR + MDP-RC/TC])). Each luting system was used as recommended by the manufacturer. Staircase methodology (20 Hz; 250,000 cycles) was applied for obtaining the fatigue failure loads. Fractographic characteristics were also assessed. At baseline, the Ion group presented the lowest fatigue load, although it was statistically similar to the Self group. The resin-based cement systems presented the highest fatigue performance, with the Ion group being only statistically equal to the Self group. Thermocycling influenced the groups differently. After aging, the MDP-AD + RC presented the highest mean, followed by the PR + MDP-RC and Self groups, while the Ion group had the lowest mean. Fractographic analysis depicted all failures as radial cracks starting at the zirconia intaglio surface. The luting system with MDP-containing adhesive applied prior to the resin cement presented the highest fatigue failure load after aging, presenting the best predictability of stable performance. Despite this, monolithic zirconia presents high load-bearing capability regardless of the luting agent.
Influence of the Flowable Resin Layer on Bond Strength Between Resin Cement and a Universal Adhesive Applied in the Immediate Dentin-sealing Technique
Authors: Batista JMN , Leite MM , Sabag MF , Lopes LG , Torres ÉM
Published: August 2022

Objectives

The present study evaluated the influence of a flowable resin layer on bond strength between resin cement and a universal adhesive applied using an immediate dentin sealing (IDS) technique.

Methods and Materials

Coronary portions of bovine teeth were randomly divided into six groups (n=15). In the IDS.U group, the exposed dentin was immediately sealed with the Single Bond Universal adhesive (3M ESPE) following the self-etching protocol. In the IDS.UF group, a layer of Filtek Z350 (3M ESPE) flow resin was applied over the universal adhesive. In the DDS (control) group, the dentin was kept “fresh” and delayed dentin sealing was performed. After 24 hours in distilled water at 37°C, dentin surfaces were treated with pumice, phosphoric acid, and the application of the universal adhesive in the IDS.U and IDS. UF groups. The DDS group was treated with pumice and the universal adhesive was applied. The samples received cylinders of resin cement Rely X Ultimate (3M ESPE) made with the aid of starch tubes of 0.96 mm in diameter and 2 mm in length. They were submitted to the microshear bond strength test (μSBS) at 0.5 mm/min, after 24 hours (T1) and 3 months (T2). The fracture areas were evaluated qualitatively using a DSM 300 microscope (KOZO) with 45× magnification and classified as: adhesive, cohesive in cement, cohesive in dentin, or mixed. Samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data were compared statistically between groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test, and intra-groups using the Mann-Whitney test (α=0.05).

Results

There were no significant differences between groups for the bond strength values (p>0.05). The IDS.UF group showed higher values at 3 months, when compared to the values of 24 hours (p<0.001). All groups showed a predominance of adhesive fracture (86.7% to 100%). SEM showed dentinal tubules exposed in the IDS.U and DDS groups; in the IDS.UF group, the tubules were completely sealed.

Conclusions

The flow resin can be used on the adhesive when using the IDS technique because it increased the bond strength values after 3 months and promoted effective sealing of the dentinal tubules.
Characterization of Contemporary Conventional, Bulk-fill, and Self-adhesive Resin Composite Materials
Authors: David C , Cuevas-Suárez CE , de Cardoso GC , Isolan CP , de Moraes RR , da Rosa WLO , Münchow EA , da Silva AF
Published: August 2022

Objective

To evaluate the physical and biological properties of different types of flowable resin composites and their bonding ability to dentin, comparing the performance of self-adhesive and bulk-fill materials with a conventional control.

Methods and Materials

Four flowable resin composites were tested: two self-adhesive (Y-flow [SA_YF]; and Dyad Flow [SA_DF]); one bulk-fill (Filtek Bulk Fill Flow [BF]); and one conventional composite (Opallis Flow [OF]). The microshear bond strength (μSBS) to dentin (bovine samples) was investigated at 24 hours and 6 months of storage. The materials were also characterized by degree of conversion, cross-link density, water contact angle, color stability, and cell viability (ISO 10993-5/2009) analyses. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and Tukey tests (α=0.05).

Results

The μSBS values were higher for control specimens at 24 hours, whereas the resin-dentin bonds were similarly distributed among the groups after aging. Adhesive failure was the most frequent pattern observed at both time intervals. SA_YF was the only material that increased the bond strength over time. Degree of conversion increased in the following order: SA_YF (28.6±1.4%) < BF (49.7±0.8%) < OF (60.0±2.0%) = SA_DF (63.6±2.3%). Cross-link density was similar among all materials. The self-adhesive composites were more hydrophilic than the other types, with BF showing the lowest water contact angle and the greatest color alteration. All resin composites had a biocompatible behavior.

Conclusion

Chemical composition appeared to be an influential factor affecting the physico-mechanical and biological behavior of the materials tested.
Retention of Manually or CAD/CAM-customized Fiberglass Posts Luted to Enlarged Root Canals with Different Resin Cements
Authors: Bellan MC , da Cunha PFJS , Colombino ACL , Bittencourt HR , Mota EG , Borges GA , Spohr AM
Published: August 2022

The aim of this laboratory study was to evaluate the pull-out force of a prefabricated fiberglass post (PP), relined fiberglass post (RP), or milled fiberglass post (MP) luted with Multilink N (MN), RelyX Unicem 2 (RXU2) or RelyX Ultimate (RU) to enlarged root canals. The thickness of the resin cements and the presence of voids in the resin cement film were observed. The root canals of 90 bovine incisors were enlarged, endodontically treated, and randomly divided into 9 groups (n=10) according to the post type and resin cement. The specimens were scanned using micro-CT to analyze the thickness of the resin cement and the presence of voids. The specimens were submitted to mechanical cyclic loading (500,000 cycles at 50 N load) and subjected to pull-out force testing. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test analyzed the pull-out force and resin cement thickness data. Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni tests analyzed the void scores. The interaction between factors (post × resin cement) was significant (p=0.0001) for the pull-out force. Higher pull-out forces were obtained for RP and MP compared to PP. The post factor was significant (p=0.0001) for resin cement thickness, which was higher for PP (1054 μm), followed by MP (301 μm) and RP (194 μm). More void formation occurred for PP, being less for RP, differing significantly among the posts. Post customization (RP and MP) decreased resin cement thickness and void formation, favoring a higher pull-out force. Resin cements requiring an adhesive application (MN and RU) favored higher pull-out force than self-adhesive resin cement (RXU2).
Frieden!
Authors: Hertrampf Marina Ortrud M.
Published: August 2022

Romain Rollands Schriften über Frieden und Menschlichkeit sind im auch 21. Jahrhundert noch aktuell, können sie doch Wege zu einem friedlichen Miteinander aufzeigen. Der Begriff des Pazifismus ist in Bezug auf Romain Rolland allerdings nicht ganz unproblematisch. Sein Pazifismus appelliert in erster Linie an das moralische Bewusstsein des Einzelnen, das sich im privaten Bereich in einem verständnisvollen Zusammenleben und freundschaftlichen Austausch mit Menschen unterschiedlichster Herkunft und Denkweise äußert, und weniger in einem strategischen Denken, das sich konkret in die politische und gesellschaftliche Praxis umsetzen lässt. Auch wenn Romain Rollands Positionen vor dem Hintergrund der wechselnden politisch-ideologischen Stimmungen und seiner mitunter durchaus schmerzhaften Erfahrungen mit den Intellektuellen und Politikern seiner Zeit gewisse Widersprüche und Inkonsistenzen aufweisen, blieb er sich in seinen tiefsten Überzeugungen doch stets treu. Romain Rollands idiosynkratischer und unideologischer Pazifismus ist letztlich Ausdruck eines zutiefst humanistischen Friedenswillens. Die in diesem Band versammelten Beiträge stellen verschiedene Protagonist*innen kriegskritisch-pazifistischer Diskurse vor und loten dabei Romain Rollands Bedeutung für diese aus. Gezeigt wird ferner die Strahlkraft seines Denkens auf Zeitgenossen und Persönlichkeiten folgender Generationen.
The grand strategy of Xi Jinping’s China: goals, Comprehensive national power and policies
Authors: Tomé Luís
Published: August 2022

What are China’s goals and ambitions? What means does it use to promote its interests? And what policies and strategies does Beijing employ to accomplish its goals? In this article we seek to answer these questions by analyzing the grand strategy of Xi Jinping’s China. Regarding the analysis, it appears that the grand strategy of Xi’s China has gone too far too fast and that perhaps time and momentum are not yet on China’s side.
Intrauterine Vascular Growth Retardation in 150 Cases at Ehs Nouar Fadela: Preliminary Results
Authors: Djamila Bouabida , Aouicha Zelmat Setti , Izdihar Belalaoui
Published: August 2022

Intrauterine growth retardation represents the third cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality after prematurity and malformations. This pathology is a real public health problem.
Objectives: To determine the epidemiological profile of IUGR newborns, their morbidity and mortality, their immediate fate and to evaluate the correlation between certain maternal parameters and IUGR.
Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical study conducted between January 2012 and January 2014, the results were processed on software 3.5.3 Epi info.
Results: We recorded 8114 deliveries including 150 newborn IUGR cases, representing 1.8% of births. For the maternal characteristics: the average age was 31 ±6.7 years. The percentages of pre-eclampsia, gravidic hypertension and chronic hypertension were found respectively in 60%, 31.3% and 4.7% of the pregnant women. Prematurity was noted in 82.1% with an average gestational age of 35.2 ±2.7 years. 86% of the cases were extracted by the high route right away. Neonatal complications were dominated by perinatal asphyxia (5%), hypoglycaemia (4%) and respiratory distress (2%).
Conclusion: Efforts remain to be made in terms of screening, prenatal consultations and management of pregnant women with IUGR in order to improve the neonatal prognosis.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF USING SCHOOLOGY IN E-LEARNING: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Nugraha Kholid Mohammad Fikri , Hastomo Tommy
Published: August 2022

Students in modern era need using technology very much in learning. Technology can assist teachers and students in finding and gathering information. In addition, technology can also be used to facilitate the distance learning process such as assignment collection and assessment. In distance learning, there are many technologies or tools that can be used by teachers and students, one of which is Schoology. Schoology is one of e-learning application where, students can take classes made by teachers / tutors through this application. Several classes can be created by the Teacher at once, each class chooses its own access code. The aim of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the use of Schoology in e-learning, how the advantages and disadvantages of Schoology in e-learning. This study reports several main studies whose focus is relevant since the last five years ( Joshua et al., (2016); Sanchez Garcia et al., (2018), Rosalina (2018), Rama Wahyudi (2019). The results showed that the students had positive perceptions of using Schoology.
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING PRE-SERVICE ENGLISH TEACHER SPEAKING ANXIETY
Authors: Fuadiyah Wilda , Yunita Indah Nur , Suryaman Maman
Published: August 2022

This study focuses on what are the levels of speaking anxiety experienced by pre-service English teacher. The data was collected from Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale questionnaire developed by Horwitz et al. (1986) through Google Form provided to 22 English language education students. It has 33 items on a 5-point Likert scale. Using Oetting scale, the data that has been collected will be categorized and then interpreted. The results of this research show that more than half of the students in this study have moderate anxiety, severe anxiety, or mild anxiety.
UTILIZING THE INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET TO IMPROVE PRONUNCIATION OF ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Suryaleksana Blasius Banu , Sari Margareta Novita , Nadilia Maria , Bram Barli
Published: August 2022

This paper aimed to discover the effects of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) symbols, consisting of 44 sounds, on pronunciation, the challenges that the English education students face in learning phonetic symbols and the causes of such challenges and students’ steps to improve their pronunciation. The data of this survey study were collected using Google Forms containing an eight-item questionnaire and involved 23 English education students of Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta. The results showed the IPA had effects and played an important role in learning phonetics to improve pronunciation, some consonant, vowel and diphthong sounds, such as /θ/, /dʒ/, /ð/, /ɜ:/, and /əʊ/, were challenging to pronounce and the causes included rarely paying attention to the IPA and lacking IPA knowledge. To conclude, it is feasible for the students to learn the IPA to improve their English pronunciation.
Marketing Communication Adaptation In Music Industry In Indonesia Amidst The Covid19 Pandemic: A Case Study Of Independent Musicians
Authors: Gus Abdurrahman Wahid Alvin
Published: August 2022

The entertainment industry is one of the most affected industries by the COVID-19 pandemic. Not only in the international music industry, the Indonesian music industry is also experiencing similar issues, for example, workers in the indie music industry in Jakarta and its surroundings cannot run from the impacts of the pandemic. With the implementation of social distancing, physical distancing, as well as PSBB implemented by the government, creative industry, especially in the music sub-sector, must be able to adapt in creating new works that are marketed digitally. However, this kind of online activities have made plenty of changes in music culture. In this study, the author explores for literature of the last 5 years or those that are still relevant to this research with the theme of how the music industry in Indonesia has adapted during the COVID19 pandemic. The author uses interview method in this study. interviews are conducted with musicians and other music industry players (small bands/small musicians) within the independent music scene. In conclusion, independent musicians should try harder in marketing their music and communicating with fans, interactions that generate engagement on their social media pages are the key so that fans can still remember the musicians and their works.
Lessons Learned: Academia's tryst with the pandemic-mental and physical health impacts
Authors: Kumar Anuj , Pujari Purvi , Bhalerao Kuldeep , Sagi Srilalitha
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic brought various changes in the manner we work and the teaching-learning profession is not an exception. It is essential to understand the impact which the pandemic has had on the physical and mental well-being of the major stakeholders of the academic ecosystem.
Objectives: This study discusses the condition of educational institutes due to the pandemic and its impact on the mental and physical well-being of the faculty members and students.
Research Methodology: In order to understand the viewpoint of the students and faculty primary data collection was undertaken in graduate and postgraduate colleges in four Indian states namely Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka. There are approximately seven to eight thousand colleges in these four states which offer graduate and post-graduate courses. More than 80,000 students’ study in these colleges. Due to the pandemic, it was not feasible to collect data from all of the colleges. In total, 25 colleges were contacted from these four states. Hence, the method of convenience sampling was used to collect the data. A structured questionnaire was designed and distributed to 1,750 students. 1,500 undergraduate and post-graduate students completed the questionnaire (85.7% response rate).  From the same institutes, around 715 faculty were given a questionnaire to complete about issues faced in shifting to online teaching from offline teaching due to COVID-19. 600 faculty members completed the questionnaire (83.9% response rate).
Results: According to the findings, online learning has progressed but is resulting in a rise in loneliness and isolation among students and teachers. When one-on-one communication between instructors and students is disrupted, the majority of students felt isolated, which can lead to poor mental and physical health in pandemics.
Conclusion: Research outcomes can help institute, university, and policymakers in designing effective mental and physical health policies or developing programs to mitigate the negative effects of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings can help researchers discover that mental health is just as vital as physical health.
*(The paper presented at the 7th International Conference on Embracing Change & Transformation Innovation and Creativity 26-28 May 2022)
Proteinase inhibitors of pigeonpea cv. BSMR 736: Characterization and bioefficacy against Helicoverpa armigera
Authors: Shaikh Faiyaz K. , Bradosty Sarwan W. , Gadge Prafull P. , Jaiwal Bhimrao V. , Padul Manohar V. , Patil Ajit B.
Published: August 2022

Pigeonpea is an agriculturally important leguminous crop with high vulnerability to insect pest attack specifically, Helicoverpa armigera. The proteinase inhibitors (PIs) mediated host plant resistance against insect pests is a promising sustainable agricultural research practice. The current study was carried out to perceive biochemical characterization of proteinase inhibitors named PPTI in the pigeonpea (cv. BSMR 736). The purification of PPTI from crude protein seed extract was achieved by acetone precipitation, N-LP-IEF, and trypsin affinity chromatography. It was found to inhibit bovine trypsin and HaGPs in vitro. The optimal conditions for inhibition were pH 8 and temperature 40ºC. The PPTI showed four isoinhibitors bands on native, non-reducing and reducing SDS-PAGE in the range of 26.7–19.3 KDa. Upon resolution on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), PPTI produced nine pI variant spots having isoelectric point (pI) 6.6, 6.6, 6.3, 6.1, 5.9, 5.8, 5.7, 5.6 and 5.6. An artificial diet containing PPTI reduced the H. armigera larval weight about 69%, with 25% mortality. For eco-friendly sustainable agricultural practices, natural compounds like PPTI could be expressed in transgenic crops to prevent the invasion of H. armigera in pigeonpea.