bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome and Its Associations with Dietary and other lifestyle factors Among University Female Students in Dubai: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sabbah Haleama Al , Mutawa Noof Al , Assaf Enas A
Published: May 2023

Background Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a relatively prevalent condition that affects a significant number of menstruating women worldwide. It can range from mild to severe and may interfere with daily activities. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of PMS and its associated factors among female university students in Dubai.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 217 female university students using a self-reported questionnaire. Participants were recruited through simple random sampling, and ethical approval was obtained from the University Ethical Committee.Results All participants reported that they experienced at least one PMS symptom with different levels of severity. The prevalence rate of psychological, physical, and behavioral symptoms was 83.0%, 79.4%, and 76.6%, respectively. The most frequently reported premenstrual psychological symptoms were loss of control (69.6.%). Most reported physical premenstrual symptoms included lethargy/fatigue/decreased energy (56.7%); PMS symptoms interfered with participants’ daily routine (45.2%). Normal Body Mass Index (BMI), no smoking, milk consumption, cruciferous vegetables, fruits, animal foods, fish oil supplements, and no fast food consumption were all significant factors associated with decreasing PMS.Conclusions PMS is a common menstrual disorder among university students that interferes with their daily routine. Lifestyle and dietary habits were highly related to PMS. Therefore, health promotion programs are highly recommended to encourage healthy diets and lifestyles for females as early as adolescence at the school level.
Oncogenic BRAF noncanonically promotes tumor metastasis by mediating VASP phosphorylation and filopodia formation
Authors: Li Feng , Pan Wenting , Tian Yihao , Zheng Qian , Yang Zelin , Qiang Yulong , Zhang Zun , Xiong Jie , Zhu Xin , Wei Lei
Published: May 2023

BRAF is frequently mutated in various cancer types and contributes to tumorigenesis and metastasis. As an important switch in RAS signalling pathway, BRAF typically enables the activation of MEK and ERK, and its mutation significantly promotes metastasis. However, whether BRAF could stimulate metastasis in a MEK/ERK signalling-independent manner is still unknown. Herein, we found that a portion of the BRAF protein localized at the plasma membrane and that the BRAFV600E mutation led to abundant formation of filopodia, which is a hallmark of invasive cancer cells. Mechanistically, BRAF physically interacts with the pseudopod formation-related protein Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), and BRAF specifically catalyzes VASP phosphorylation at Ser157. VASP depletion or disruption of Ser157 phosphorylation preferentially reduced the motility, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells harboring oncogenic BRAF or KRAS. Moreover, in clinical cancer tissues, BRAFV600E was positively correlated with the extent of invasion, and tissues with BRAFV600E expression exhibited elevated levels of VASP Ser157 phosphorylation. Our study therefor reveals a noncanonical mechanism by which oncogenic BRAF or KRAS promotes metastasis, suggests that VASP Ser157 phosphorylation might serve as a valuable therapeutic target in BRAF or KRAS mutant cancers.
Linear energy transfer (LET) distribution outside small radiotherapy field edges produced by 6 MV X-rays
Authors: Huerta-Juan Y , Xicohténcatl-Hernández N , Massillon-JL G
Published: May 2023

In modern radiotherapy with photons, the absorbed dose outside the radiation field is generally investigated. But it is well known that the biological damage depends not only on the absorbed dose but also on LET. This work investigated the dose-average LET (L,D) outside several small radiotherapy fields to provide information that can help for better evaluating the biological effect in organs at risk close to the tumour volume. The electron fluences produced in liquid water by a 6 MV X-rays Varian iX linac were calculated using EGSnrc Monte Carlo code. With the electron spectra, L,D calculations were made for eight open small square fields and the reference field at a water depth of 0.15 cm, 1.35 cm, 9.85 cm and 19.85 cm and several off-axis distances. The variation of L,D from the centre of the beam to 2 cm outside the field’s edge depends on the field size and water depth. Using radiobiological data reported in the literature for chromosomal aberrations as endpoint for the induction of dicentrics determined in human Lymphocytes, we estimated the maximum low-dose RBEM finding an increase of up to 100 % from the center of the beam to 2 cm from the field’s edge.
High-dose short-term osimertinib treatment is effective in patient-derived metastatic colorectal cancer organoids
Authors: Iyer Kirti Krishnamurthy , Poel Dennis , Miggelenbrink Anne , Kerkhof Wouter , Janssen Jorien , Bakkerus Lotte , de Jong Loek , Hombergh Erik van den , Nagtegaal Iris D. , Tauriello Daniele V.F. , Erp Nielka van , Verheul Henk M.W
Published: May 2023

Background
Despite major interest in tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as a treatment option for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), almost all TKIs tested for mCRC fail in early-phase clinical trials. Although showing specific target inhibition at low concentrations, TKIs have a much broader kinase inhibitory potency at higher concentrations. In an attempt to leverage these many additional, low-affinity targets, high-dose regimens that may trigger efficacy are explored. Here, we studied unprecedented drug exposure–response relationships in vitro using mCRC patient-derived tumour organoids (PDTOs).
Methods
We established patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) from mCRC biopsies and, based on favorable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties, selected 3 TKIs (sunitinib, cediranib and osimertinib). Following standard IC50 assessment using continuous dosing with a concentration range, we investigated the cytotoxic antitumor effect of high-dose, short-term (HDST) treatment. Five PDTOs were exposed to 20 µM TKI for 1–24h, washed and given normal medium, and PDTO-outgrowth was determined 1 week later. At exposures of 1, 3 and 6 h, we measured intra-tumoroid TKI concentrations using a clinically validated LC/MS-MS method. PDTO cell death was observed using live-cell microscopy, and quantified by both caspase 3/7 enzyme activity assay and cleaved caspase-3 immunofluorescent staining.
Results
We show that most PDTOs tested are sensitive to multikinase TKIs sunitinib and cediranib, and all to osimertinib. Furthermore, we demonstrate that high-dose, short-term(HDST) TKI treatment effectively blocks organoid growth. In line with recent clinical data of high-dose sunitinib tumour accumulation, HDST treatment led to markedly elevated intra-tumoroid TKI concentrations, which correlated with PDTO sensitivity. This suggests exposure-dependent cytotoxicity and supports the concept that efficacy is induced by a broad kinase inhibitory spectrum. Mechanistically, HDST osimertinib treatment for just 3 hours induced regulated cell death in treated organoids.
Conclusion
Our work provides a better understanding of TKI exposure vs response and can be used to determine patient-specific sensitivity. In addition, these results may guide both mechanistic elucidation in organotypic translational models and the translation of target drug exposure to clinical dosing strategies. Moreover, HDST osimertinib treatment warrants clinical exploration for mCRC.
Clinical characteristics and early identification of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy with risk for organ failure: a retrospective study
Authors: Yu Bingjun , Yu Liqing , Luo Lingyu , Ke Yun , Li Jiarong , Gui Ling , Xie Fengwen , Lei Yupeng , Huang Xin , Yang Xiaoyu , Zhu Yong , He Cong , Li Nianshuang , Xia Liang , He Wenhua , Zhu Yin , Lu Nonghua
Published: May 2023

Background: Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) with organ failure (OF) is a rare but serious disease. Here, we describe the primary characteristics associated with APIP, and explore potential predictors for early recognition of OF among the patients.
Methods: A total of 3154 patients with AP from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. After screening, we enrolled 49 patients with APIP and 184 non-pregnant AP patients. Clinical characteristics and blood biochemical information were assessed using IBM SPSS 26.0 software and the rms package in R.
Results: The most primary cause of APIP was hypertriglyceridemia (59.2%), while respiratory failure (46.9%) was the main type in all OF patients. Age, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), albumin (ALB) and sodium ion (Na+) in the pregnant group were lower than in the non-pregnant group (P<0.05), while body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in the pregnant group were higher (P<0.05). Among the APIP patients, BUN, TG and TC were independent risk factors for predicting OF, (P < 0.05) and they were used to create a nomogram with accurate prediction performance. (AUC=0.941)
Conclusions: APIP was highly correlated with hypertriglyceridemia and respiratory failure. Higher BMI was a distinguishing feature of OF-APIP patients. The data indicate that close monitoring of BUN, TG and TC levels is essential for early prevention of OF in APIP patients.
Characteristics of medical students with problematic Smartphone use: A cross- sectional study
Authors: Mehrzadeh Arman , Shiraly Ramin , Hashemi Seyedeh Niko , Dehghanian Kayvon Seyed
Published: May 2023

Background: Excessive smartphone use is common among university students and can negatively affect students’ mental health, however, data from Middle-East countries is scarce.
Objective: To determine characteristics of medical students affected by and the prevalence of problematic smartphone use in a sample of Iranian medical students.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a large Iranian medical university. A convenience sample of 356 students of different years of medical training were recruited. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, daily estimated average time using smartphone and main motivations to use smartphone were collected through a self-reported questionnaire. Problematic smartphone use (PSU) was evaluated using Smartphone Addiction Scale – Short Version (SAS-SV) questionnaire. Backward logistic regression analysis was used to understand independent factors associated with PSU.
Results: The mean SAS-SV score was 35.6 ± 10.3. Overall, two-thirds of Iranian medical students was affected by PSU, including 68.5% of male and 64% of female students. There was no statistically significant association between participants, SAS-SV scores and their gender, marital status, stage of medical training, and cigarette and alcohol use status (P> 0.10). However, Students who lived alone had significantly higher SAS-SV scores than those who lived with their family (p= 0.007). Additionally, students with daily smartphone use > 4 hours were 3.2 times more likely to be diagnosed with PSU (P< 0.001). Social media use was the main motivation that strongly predicted presence of PSU among medical students (Adjusted OR: 2.87, 95%CI: 1.68 – 4.89).
Conclusions: Main motivation to use and duration of phone use are the most important factors predicting problematic smartphone use among medical students.
Monocular torsional oscillopsia in dentato-olivary disconnection
Authors: Anagnostou Evangelos , Gerakoulis Stathis , Armenis Georgios , Zachou Athena , Velonakis Georgios
Published: May 2023

Monocular torsional eye oscillations are a rare form of disconjugate nystagmus and the underlying pathophysiology is not well understood. Here, we present and discuss a case with disabling torsional oscillopsia in one eye only. The patient exhibited spontaneous pendular torsional nystagmus of the left eye and rhythmic involuntary movements of the soft palate and uvula, consistent with the syndrome of oculopalatal tremor with monocular nystagmus. Brain MRI revealed an infarct of the left dentate nucleus in the cerebellum and, more caudally, a secondary hypertrophic degeneration of the right inferior olivary nucleus. To account for the presence of torsional nystagmus on the eye contralateral to the side of inferior olivary hypetrophy and ipsilateral to the lesioned dentate nucleus, we discuss the hypothesis of a (inferior olivary nucleus-mediated) malfunctioning adaptation of the anterior canal vestibulo-ocular reflex.
Selection, identification and optimization of lactic acid bacteria with high γ-aminobutyric acid production
Authors: Rehman Ateequr , Benedetto Giulio Di , Bird Julia K. , Dabene Valentina , Vadakumchery Lisa , May Ali , Schyns Ghislain , Sybesma Wilbert , Mak Tim N.
Published: May 2023

Lactic acid bacteria produce γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as an acid stress response. GABA is a neurotransmitter that may improve sleep and resilience to mental stress. This study focused on the selection, identification and optimization of a bacterial strain with high GABA production, for development as a probiotic supplement. The scientific literature and an industry database weresearched for probiotics and potential GABA producers. In silico screening was conducted to identify genes involved in GABA production. Subsequently, 17 candidates were screened for in vitro GABA production using thin layer chromatography, which identified three candidate probiotic strains Levilactobacillus brevis DSM 20054, Lactococcus lactis DS75843and Bifidobacterium adolescentis DSM 24849 as producing GABA. Two biosensors capable of detecting GABA were developed: 1. a transcription factor-based biosensor characterized by the interaction with the transcriptional regulator GabR was developed in Corynebacterium glutamicum; and 2. a growth factor-based biosensor was built in Escherichia coli, which used auxotrophic complementation by expressing 4-aminobutyrate transaminase (GABA-T) that transfers the GABA amino group to pyruvate, hereby forming alanine. Consequently, the feasibility of developing a workflow based on co-culture with producer strains and a biosensor was tested. The three GABA producers identified and the biosensors were encapsulated in nanoliter reactors (NLRs) as alginate beads in defined gut-like conditions. The E. coli growth factor-based biosensor was able to detect changes in GABA concentrations in liquid culture and under gut-like conditions. L. brevis and L. lactis were successfully encapsulated in the NLRs and showed growth under miniaturized intestinal conditions.
Gate Engineered Ferroelectric Junctionless BioFET for Label-Free Detection of Biomolecules
Authors: yadav Snehlata , Rewari Sonam , Pandey Rajeshwari
Published: May 2023

A Gate Engineered Ferroelectric Junctionless BioFET is proposed and investigated for label-free detection of various biomolecules. A nanocavity is created by etching a part of the gate oxide material on the top and bottom of the device, which allows biomolecules to get immobilized. The immobilization of biomolecules in the cavity causes changes in electrostatic characteristics such as surface potential, input and output characteristics, transconductance, output conductance, gate capacitance, and cut-off frequency used as sensing metrics. The biosensor is also examined at different biomolecule concentrations, such as -1e12, 0, and 1e12. The transistor's sensitivity is then understood by looking at the fluctuation in threshold voltage, subthreshold swing, and switching ratio. Ferroelectric Junctionless BioFET and Gate Engineered Ferroelectric Junctionless BioFET performances have been compared. It has been found that the Gate Engineered Ferroelectric Junctionless BioFET shows the maximum improvement for protein (1202.4%, 111%, and 565%) and DNA (787.5%, 117.3%, and 600%). For ultrasensitive bio-sensing applications, the Gate Engineered Ferroelectric Junctionless BioFET is shown to be suitable.
Investigation of molecular details of a bacterial cationic amino acid transporter (GkApcT) during arginine transportation using molecular dynamics simulation and umbrella sampling techniques
Authors: Afshinpour Maral , Parsi Parinaz , Mahdiuni Hamid
Published: May 2023

Context: Cationic amino acid transporters (CATs) facilitate arginine transport across membranes and maintain its levels in various tissues and organs, but their overexpression has been associated with severe cancers. A recent study identified the alternating access mechanism and critical residues involved in arginine transportation in a cationic amino acid transporter from Geobacillus kaustophilus (GkApcT). Here, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulation methods to investigate the transportation mechanism of arginine (Arg) through GkApcT. The results revealed that arginine strongly interacts with specific binding site residues (Thr43, Asp111, Glu115, Lys191, Phe231, Ile234, and Asp237). Based on the umbrella sampling, the main driving force for arginine transport is the polar interactions of the arginine with channel-lining residues. An in-depth description of the dissociation mechanism and binding energy analysis brings valuable insight into the interactions between arginine and transporter residues, facilitating the design of effective CAT inhibitors in cancer cells.Methods The membrane-protein system was constructed by uploading the prokaryotic CAT (PDB ID: 6F34) to the CHARMM-GUI web server. Molecular dynamics simulations were done using the GROMACS package, version 5.1.4 with the CHARMM36 force field and TIP3 water model. The MM-PBSA approach was performed for determining the arginine binding free energy. Further, the hotspot residues were identified through per-residue decomposition analysis. The characteristics of the channel such as bottleneck radius, and channel length were analyzed using the CaverWeb 1.1 webserver. The proton wire inside the transporter was investigated based on the classic Grotthuss mechanism. We also investigated the atomistic details of arginine transportation using the path-based free energy umbrella sampling technique (US).
TorchLens: A Python package for extracting and visualizing hidden activations of PyTorch models
Authors: Taylor JohnMark , Kriegeskorte Nikolaus
Published: May 2023

Deep neural network models (DNNs) are essential to modern AI and provide powerful models of information processing in biological neural networks. Researchers in both neuroscience and engineering are pursuing a better understanding of the internal representations and operations that undergird the successes and failures of DNNs. Neuroscientists additionally evaluate DNNs as models of brain computation by comparing their internal representations to those found in brains. It is therefore essential to have a method to easily and exhaustively extract and characterize the results of the internal operations of any DNN. Many models are implemented in PyTorch, the leading framework for building DNN models. Here we introduce TorchLens, a new open-source Python package for extracting and characterizing hidden-layer activations in PyTorch models. Uniquely among existing approaches to this problem, TorchLens has the following features: (1) it exhaustively extracts the results of all intermediate operations, not just those associated with PyTorch module objects, yielding a full record of every step in the model's computational graph, (2) it provides an intuitive visualization of the model's complete computational graph along with metadata about each computational step in a model's forward pass for further analysis, (3) it contains a built-in validation procedure to algorithmically verify the accuracy of all saved hidden-layer activations, and (4) the approach it uses can be automatically applied to any PyTorch model with no modifications, including models with conditional (if-then) logic in their forward pass, recurrent models, branching models where layer outputs are fed into multiple subsequent layers in parallel, and models with internally generated tensors (e.g., injections of noise). Furthermore, using TorchLens requires minimal additional code, making it easy to incorporate into existing pipelines for model development and analysis, and useful as a pedagogical aid when teaching deep learning concepts. We hope this contribution will help researchers in AI and neuroscience understand the internal representations of DNNs.
RUPTURED HEMORRHAGIC OVARIAN CYST IN A PATIENT WITH WILLEBRAND DISEASE: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITTERATURE
Authors:   Department of Obstetrical Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Harouchi Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco., Zerhouni A. , Boulani Y. ,   Department of Obstetrical Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Harouchi Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco., Farjia D. ,   Department of Obstetrical Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Harouchi Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco., Joutey O. ,   Department of Obstetrical Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Harouchi Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco., Rajaa A. ,   Department of Obstetrical Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Harouchi Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco., Hafiani Y. ,   Department of Obstetrical Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Harouchi Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco., Moussaid I. ,   Department of Obstetrical Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Harouchi Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco., Salmi S. ,   Department of Obstetrical Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Harouchi Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco.
Published: May 2023

Willebrand Disease (WD) is a familial haemorrhagic disease described in 1926 by Erik von Willebrand, a Finnish physician (1), and is related to a deficiency of Willebrand Factor (VWF) leading to a disorder of primary haemostasis and secondary coagulation. The clinical and biological expression of WD varies according to the form. The common feature is the existence of a constitutional quantitative and/or qualitative VWF deficiency. A classification of the different forms of the disease exists to guide the diagnosis, treatment and genetic information of patients. While isolated biological abnormalities are relatively common with a prevalence of nearly 1%, symptomatic forms of WD are more rare. The prevalence of WM type 3, the most severe form (autosomal recessive), has been estimated at 1 per million population. While autosomal genetic inheritance predicts that both sexes are affected in the same proportion, symptomatic forms are more common in women because of the haemostatic challenge of menstruation, pregnancy and childbirth. Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that lie on the surface of or within the ovary(2). Roughly 20% of women develop at least one pelvic mass in their lifetime. Therapeutic management is based on surgical haemostasis by total cystectomy and medical haemostasis by exogenous supply of Willebrand factor and finally resuscitation of any state of haemorrhagic shock starting with vascular filling with crystalloids, the introduction of vasoactive amines and finally massive transfusion.We report here the case of a 24 year old female patient, treated for Willebrands disease since birth and who presented to the emergency department with haemorrhagic shock due to a ruptured haemorrhagic ovarian cyst with internal bleeding.
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF FOREIGN PSYCHIATRY INPATIENTS IN MARRAKESH: PRACTICING PSYCHIATRY IN A MULTICULTURAL CITY
Authors: Ennazk Sara , El Fellah Sara , Adali Imane , Manoudi Fatiha
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Marrakesh is a city known world widely forattractingforeigners. The objective of this study was to describe the socio-demographic and clinical profile of foreign psychiatric patients hospitalized in Marrakesh. The aim was to identify their specific needs and improve the provided care. b) Method: We conducted a descriptive transversal study including patients from 2012 to 2021. The files were collected from the social service register. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics using an excel platform. c) Results: The number of patients included was 104. The mean age was 36.14 with a sex ratio of 64.70%. Europe was the main continent of origin. Most patients patients had a situation of tourist (72.54%). The patients had no occupation in 43% of cases. The reason of admission was predominantly agitation. The use of toxics was present in 80% of cases, mainly cannabis and alcohol. The proportion of patients who had no history of psychiatric illness was 21.34%. The predominant psychiatric disorder was bipolar disorder. d) Conclusion: The population of foreign patients received in Marrakesh is multicultural. Psychiatrists should be trained to communicate in foreign languages. The use of toxics is very frequent among this population. More efforts should be made to prevent relapse by improving access to medication and treatment compliance.
Behavioral biases affecting investment decisions of capital market investors in Bangladesh: A behavioral finance approach
Authors: Yasmin Farhana , Ferdaous Jannatul
Published: May 2023

The aim of this paper is to identify the behavioral and psychologic biases that may affect the investment decisions of individual investors in Bangladesh. This study considered behavioral anomalies such as Cognitive Dissonance, Regret Aversion, Loss Aversion, Overconfidence, Hindsight, Illusion of Control, Herd instinct, Self-attribution and Representativeness, and analyzed how significantly each of these would prevail by preventing investors from making rational decisions when investing. The research has been developed through a structured questionnaire and analyzing the survey results collected from 196 individual investors involved in Dhaka Stock Exchange. Factor analysis on a behavioral approach was conducted to analyze the responses. The outcome reveals that investors are not rational, and that there is a significant impact of the different behavioral biases, particularly cognitive dissonance (0.8005), regret aversion (0.7793), loss aversion (0.7418) and illusion of control biases (0.7260) on the investment decisions of investors in Bangladesh. Moreover, the most influential of four factors extracted jointly can explain 55.63% of the variance of the variables. Finally, the factor loading values show that all nine hypotheses can be rejected, which makes it clear that all the designated psychological biases exist in the investment decision of DSE investors.
Organization of labor under conditions of uncertainty: The case of Ukraine
Authors: Lopushniak Halyna , Poplavska Oksana , Danylevych Nataliia , Kostyshyna Tatyana , Raupov Rustam
Published: May 2023

Safety risks at work during a pandemic and war require new standards for the organization of work. Increasing socio-psychological pressure requires a better definition of staff duties, communication rules, and work and rest regimes. The purpose of the study is to determine the most acceptable regulations for the organization of labor that help to maintain the efficiency of a company’s activities in an unstable environment. In the course of the research, a content analysis of regulatory documents was carried out and a survey among HR managers, heads of Ukrainian companies, and their employees was conducted. All data were collected in two waves. The first wave was in November-December 2021 with 301 participants. Due to the beginning of the war, the second wave of the study was conducted in April-May 2022, when the wartime conditions have already made their impact, with 271 participants — managers, HR managers, and staff of Ukrainian enterprises. The results confirmed that working conditions and global risks that determine the types of the organization of work under uncertainty require a flexible approach. Mixed and flexible standards of the organization of work provide for optimal work modes and safer working practices, so they have been approved to be more effective. It has been determined that the disregard of global challenges, trends, and the social nature of labor by the company management reduces the effectiveness of labor organization regulations.
Будущее приватности сквозь призму теории постнормальности
Authors: Sukhorolskyi Petro
Published: May 2023

The theory of postnormal times by Ziauddin Sardar is an attempt to explain the social processes occurring when traditional models, theories, and paradigms seem powerless in the face of looming challenges. Postnormal times are an intermediate period when old ideas, theories, and practices are dying and new ones have not yet been formed, and the whole world seems to be plunged into uncertainty and chaos. Privacy is one of the areas where the situation is considered to be already postnormal. Therefore, the article attempts to outline the current state and prospects related to privacy and personal data protection, based on the methodology developed within the theory of postnormal times.

Complexity, chaos, and contradictions are the main forces propelling postnormal times. All of them are very perceptible in the sphere of privacy. In particular, the outcomes of the major current strategies for the legal protection of personal data are ambiguous and controversial. It relates to the consent of the data subject as one of the main legal grounds for personal data processing, as well as the use of data anonymization and pseudonymization techniques, or the introduction of mechanisms of external risk assessment. In addition, it is argued that in the present world there is a fundamental contradiction between privacy and underlying trends in business and governance, the causes of which are revealed by applying Lawrence Lessig’s theory of four regulators.

Under such conditions, traditional ways of responding to challenges – turning back, increasing control and complexity of measures – not only contribute to normalization, but drive the system even further into a state of postnormalcy. It is accompanied by the exacerbation of identified critical contradictions and revealing of the new ones that increases the likelihood of collapse of the existing system of privacy protection in the near future. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and promote innovative approaches which include both reforms in the field of privacy regulation and efforts to change the external environment.
Influence of landform on the pressure distribution of explosion shock wave
Authors: Wang Liangquan , Kong Deren , Shang Fei
Published: May 2023

The explosion site terrain and geomorphic environment will directly affect the shock wave pressure propagation and attenuation law and the shock wave test results uncertainty evaluation. In this study, the explosion site topographic and geomorphic parameters were analyzed, and the slope ratio and elevation difference within the region were proposed to parameterize the test site topographic and geomorphic characteristics. Using multi-physical field coupling simulation software, the finite element numerical simulation model of acoustic-solid structure coupling with different elevation difference and slope ratio is established and relevant research is carried out. The results show that when the pressure monitoring point is located at the test site low position, the elevation difference plays a role in attenuation of the shock wave pressure peak value, and vice versa; With the increase of the test site slope ratio, the shock wave pressure peak value at different test points gradually increases, and with the increase of the distance between the test points, the impact degree gradually decreases. Therefore, the elevation difference and slope ratio of the site shall be reduced as much as possible during the explosion shock wave pressure test, so as to improve the shock wave pressure test accuracy and the test data reliability, and provide theoretical support for the shock wave pressure test results uncertainty evaluation in the explosion field.
Design and analysis of experimental adaptive feedback system for active noise control (ANC) in a duct
Authors: Anachkova Maja , Pecioski Damjan , Domazetovska Simona , Shishkovski Dejan
Published: May 2023

The limitations of passive noise control methods impose a need for new technical solutions to solve the problem of reducing low-frequency noise, which is considered to be a dominant component of noise disturbance. In recent years, the subject of intensive research are the active noise control systems, which have aroused considerable interest and represent a promising solution to the problem of low-frequency noise control. This paper proposes a robust methodology for simplified design and analysis of an experimental active noise control system for real-time control of acoustic environment in a duct. The proposed feedback control model is based on using the LMS algorithm, combined with FxLMS algorithm for estimation and neutralization of the secondary path in the electro-acoustic system. The study shows the potential of the FPGA module and the Real-time module of cRIO from National Instruments, combined with the LabView software environment when applied in adaptive system for active noise control. The reliability and validity of the developed active noise control system is tested for a frequency range of 100 to 1000 [Hz], by measuring the amplitude-time domain in [V] and sound level in [dB]. The comparison of the experimental results shows great efficiency of the system at lower frequency range from 200 to 400 [Hz], where a maximum reduction in sound level achieved at a frequency of 200 [Hz] is 14 [dB] or 17 [%]. A significant sound level reduction is also achieved at both 300 [Hz] and 400 [Hz] which is 12 % or 10 [dB] in both cases. Given the analysis of the challenges and opportunities of the developed active noise control system, recommendations for advancements and future work are proposed.
Research on fault diagnosis method of electromechanical transmission system based on one-dimensional convolutional neural network with variable learning rate
Authors: Liu Liwu , Chen Guoyan , Yu Feifei , Du Canyi , Gong Yongkang , Yuan Huijin , Dai Zhenni
Published: May 2023

As an important part of many mechanical equipment, the mechanical transmission system is very important to carry out efficient and accurate fault monitoring and diagnosis. Compared with traditional fault diagnosis techniques, such as spectrum analysis, deep learning has been widely used in the field of mechanical system fault diagnosis due to its powerful data expression ability, and has achieved certain research results. One-dimensional convolutional neural network is a widely used model for deep learning, so in this paper, the one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) in the deep learning theory and the vibration signal analysis method are integrated and applied to the fault identification of mechanical transmission system to achieve accurate diagnosis and classification of faults. The experiment is mainly to collect the vibration signal data of different fault states such as broken teeth, cracking, shaft unbalance, bearing wear, and excessive friction of the driven wheel of the mechanical transmission system, it was divided into training set and testing set according to an appropriate proportion, and 1D-CNN was built using Python. The deep learning model deeply analyzed the influence of different data sample sizes and different model parameters on the recognition accuracy, and obtained an ideal diagnostic model based on variable learning rate through parameter adjustment and comparative analysis. This experimental results show that the recognition method based on one-dimensional convolutional neural network can be effectively applied to the fault diagnosis of related mechanical transmission, and has a high diagnosis accuracy.
Predicting flow in porous media: a comparison of physics-driven neural network approaches
Authors: Dangi Shankar Lal , Karaliūtė Viltė , Maurya Neetish Kumar , Pal Mayur
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the development of physics-informed machine learning models for subsurface flows, specifically for determining pressure variation in the subsurface without the use of numerical modeling schemes. The numerical elliptic operator is replaced with a neural network operator and includes comparisons of several different machine learning models, along with linear regression, support vector regression, lasso, random forest regression, decision tree regression, light weight gradient boosting, eXtreme gradient boosting, convolution neural network, artificial neural network, and perceptron. The mean of absolute error of all models is compared, and error residual plots are used as a measure of error to determine the best-performing method.
Enhancing environmental sustainability in eastern Canada's corn agroecosystem with controlled drainage and subsurface irrigation
Authors: Sun Ran , Kulshreshtha Surendra Nath , Crézé Cynthia M. , Madramootoo Chandra A.
Published: May 2023

Water table management through controlled tile drainage and subsurface irrigation (CDSI), retrofitting to conventional tile drainage, has been developed to abate the environmental impacts of irrigation and drainage meanwhile supporting agroecosystems and crop productivity. Since the environmental profile of new technologies is a prerequisite to understanding their socio-economic benefits, a life cycle assessment was conducted to assess the environmental impacts of CDSI on corn production for the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons at St-Emmanuel, south-western Quebec in eastern Canada, compared to the free drainage (FD). Inventory flows of corn production with CDSI and FD were developed using biophysical data from field experiments and public databases. Then, environmental impacts were compared for corn production with CDSI and FD, including climate change, eutrophication potential, acidification potential, and toxicity. The assessment results show the environmental benefits of implementing CDSI, particularly in improving water quality. However, potential synergy and trade-offs of climate change, eutrophication, and acidification impacts from the implementation of CDSI, especially under different climatic conditions, should be further monitored to improve the performance of the technology. Nevertheless, CDSI and associated practices can be adopted as adaptation measures in agricultural water management to support agroecosystems and address the challenges posed by environmental impacts.
Downstream hydrochemistry and irrigation water quality of the Syr Darya, Aral Sea Basin, South Kazakhstan
Authors: Satybaldiyev Bagdat , Ismailov Baimurat , Nurpeisov Nurbek , Kenges Kairat , Snow Daniel D. , Malakar Arindam , Taukebayev Omirzhan , Uralbekov Bolat
Published: May 2023

New hydrochemical measurements from the Syr Darya provide insights into factors affecting the composition and quality of a major freshwater source replenishing the Aral Sea. This river is heavily used for power and irrigation and crosses territories of four Central Asia republics. It is intensely managed, draining several major tributaries, many reservoirs, and numerous irrigation distribution systems and canals. Analysis of seasonal changes in dissolved ion concentrations using geochemical diagrams, elemental ratios, statistical correlation, and equilibrium modeling allowed the characterization of mineral formation processes that control the dissolved chemical composition. Measured water hydrochemistry and composition type differs substantially from previous reports from the upper reaches of the Syr Darya in Kyrgyzstan. Element ratios, statistical correlation, and the presence of NO3- and NO2- suggest that the downstream trend of increasing total dissolved solids (TDS) from Zhetysay city to the Aral Sea in June is controlled by evaporation–crystallization processes, which contribute to the river dissolved load through soil runoff and return irrigation waters following leaching of secondary salts. Downstream sample composition during the growing season shows significant changes in magnesium-to-calcium ratios in the river water. Elevated magnesium levels in Syr Darya waters may pose a problem to sustainable uses for irrigation.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS AS SOLICITAÇÕES JUDICIAIS PARA ACESSO A LEITOS DE UTI NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: De Holanda Simões Vitoria , Lima Gomes Stéfany , Fernandes Paiva Daniel Felipe , De Castro Meneghin Marcelo
Published: May 2023

Introdução: A busca pela judicialização da saúde vem crescendo exponencialmente no país e por isso uma análise de seus efeitos e resultados no sistema de saúde é de extrema importância. Objetivos: analisar a capacidade de atendimento do sistema público de saúde referente a demanda existente por leitos de UTI (unidade de tratamento intensivo), associada aos processos de judicialização no Estado de São Paulo. Métodos: Estudo transversal constituído por todos os acórdãos no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo, no período compreendido entre 2009 e 2019. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e expressos em frequências absolutas. Resultados: Foram selecionadas 299 ações para a análise, sendo a maior demanda tendo como autor principal no âmbito privado (n=292). Houve aumento de 0,66% no número de processos de demanda de leitos de 2009 a 2019 (n=66). Conclusões: Não se pode precisar se existir uma iniquidade social, visto a falta de informações nos acórdãos para se caracterizar o perfil da autoria.
ATUAÇÃO DO CIRURGIÃO-DENTISTA DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Fernandes Silva Bianca , Elizabeth Souza Matos Patrícia , José Mendes Haroldo , Alves Pina Gustavo , Vidal Andrade Bruno
Published: May 2023

Introdução: A Atenção Primária à Saúde é caracterizada como a porta de entrada preferencial do Sistema Único de Saúde, ocupando lugar central no serviço. Todavia, a pandemia da COVID-19, instigou a necessidade de mudanças na organização do trabalho das equipes de saúde da atenção básica. Objetivo: Neste cenário, torna-se fundamental conhecer a atuação do cirurgião-dentista no que tange à sua capacidade técnica de ação, frente as condições estabelecidas pela pandemia. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de caráter transversal descritivo e abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em um município do interior baiano, com 29 cirurgiões-dentistas vinculados a atenção básica. Esses profissionais foram convidados a responder um questionário on-line que abordou questões relativas ao desempenho dos cirurgiões-dentistas e a condução das ações de saúde bucal frente as medidas restritivas impostas pela pandemia da COVID-19. Resultados: Foi possível identificar com os resultados que o processo de trabalho e acesso da população aos serviços de odontologia sofreram interferências, expressas através da limitação do acesso da população à saúde bucal, alterações nas técnicas terapêuticas e interrupção das ações em saúde de abrangência coletiva. Conclusões: A necessidade de capacitação do cirurgião-dentista para promover a resolutividade às demandas inerentes ao enfrentamento à COVID-19 são fundamentais para o fortalecimento da APS e do SUS.
From the standpoint of friendshoring: Russia's trade relations with the regions of the global south
Authors: Yakovlev P. P.
Published: May 2023

The geography of Russia's foreign trade, which is experiencing a period of profound transformational changes, acquires radically new contours. The Western states, which for a long time occupied dominant positions in the exports and imports of the Russian Federation, are being replaced by the countries of the global South – regions of Asia, Africa and Latin America. This process has been developing for more than a decade, but has now been radically accelerated in the face of sanctions and restrictions imposed on the Russian economy and trade, and the almost complete curtailment of Russia's business ties with the collective West. The countries of the global South, the informal leader of which is the economically successful China, are promoting their own agenda in the field of international trade, which opens up wide opportunities for Russia, but it also poses a new challenge – the need to build mutually beneficial business relations with dozens of different Asian, African and Latin American countries. Solving this problem requires rebooting the system of Russian foreign trade relations and developing a scientifically based and feasible strategy for cooperation with the regions of the global South. In doing so, it is necessary to take into account both the factors that bring all developing countries closer together and also regional and national specificities, which form an extremely diverse picture of the specific interests of individual States. The scientific novelty of this article, the author of which relies on the fruitful methodology developed by R. I. Khasbulatov, consists in a comparative analysis of trade relations of the Russian Federation with each of the largest regions of the global South: Asia, Africa and Latin America. The paper reveals both the specific features of Russian-Asian, Russian-African and Russian-Latin American trade, and the general features inherent in business relations of domestic enterprises with partners in the global South. The main conclusion of the study is that the development of trade relations with friendly countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America on the principles of friendshoring is becoming a key link in the foreign economic strategy, the main content of the turn of Russia's trade flows from the western (northern) to the eastern (southern) direction.
Hydrogen trends in the transformation of international economic relations: concepts and realities
Authors: Evdokimov A. I. , Guliyev M. Y.
Published: May 2023

The modern international energy agenda is aimed at solving the problem of climate change and at developing clean energy technologies. Prospects of the world energy market related to hydrogen technologies in some cases lead to the adoption of insufficiently substantiated geopolitical and mutually beneficial technological solutions. In this regard, there is a progressive transition from carbon fuel to post-carbon (hydrogen), the paradigm of world energy is changing. The actual question arises of how this transformation will affect the energy security of the countries of the world. The intensification of strategic initiative for the development of hydrogen energy sources is an economically controversial but necessary step in terms of social and environmental effects. The article attempts to consider hydrogen from the point of view of an integral assessment of its characteristics and new geopolitical realities. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the impact of the upcoming energy crisis, which changed approaches to European energy security, has not yet been sufficiently studied in scientific research against the backdrop of the Ukrainian crisis and the subsequent sanctions against Russia. In the course of ongoing geopolitical events, the idea of hydrogen transformation requires studying the influence of the above factors in order to understand the upcoming changes and new realities in international energy cooperation.