bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construct Validity of a Task-Oriented Unimanual Strength Measurement in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Geijen Mellanie , Smeets Rob , Rameckers Eugene , Gordon Andrew , Bastiaenen Caroline
Published: November 2022

Aim: Investigate aspects of construct validity of parameters “mean peak force” and “number of successful attempts” of the press button task using the Task-oriented Arm-hAnd Capacity (TAAC) in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP) by comparing them to outcomes of comparative measures using Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments guidelines. Methods: 118 children with unilateral CP (mean age 1 year 2 months, standard deviation 3 year 5 months) were included. Fourteen a priori hypotheses were formulated for each parameter of the TAAC. Strength and direction of the relationship between the TAAC and comparative measures were investigated by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: For the parameter “mean peak force” 8/14 (57%) hypotheses could be supported. For the parameter “number of successful attempts” 13/14 (93%) hypotheses could be supported. Conclusion: The hypothesized construct of the parameter “mean peak force” is only partially in line with our idea about the potential relationship of the compared constructs. The relationship needs to be reconsidered to some extent. The hypothesized construct of the parameter “number of successful attempts” is in line with our idea about the potential relationship of the compared constructs and can be considered to have good validity compared to the other measures. Thus, the construct of this parameter adds new and meaningful information as an outcome measure for functional strength measurements.
Trends and Advancements in Drug Delivery: What is the "perfect" method of drug delivery?
Authors: Shrewsbury Stephen
Published: November 2022

In this imperfect world, given that humans often need to treat or prevent disease by delivering medicine to the target cells earlier and for longer than previously possible, certain optimum requirements should be met. Treatment, or prevention, by a therapeutic molecule should be delivered at the right time, at the right dose, to the right target cell, by the safest, most convenient, inexpensive and effective method of delivery. Most new drugs go through a phase, usually in early development, when they are administered by intravenous delivery, but many of these products end up being delivered by a different modality later, and locally acting drugs for local disease may benefit from topical administration to the epithelium, or adjacent tissue, of interest. With many of the newer medicines being proteins or peptides, oral delivery is not an option due to their degradation in the gut, so non-oral formulations are becoming even more important. This editorial highlights some of the challenges facing developers when considering how to deliver their products. It focuses on a new route of administration that recently received approval that may represent an opportunity for non-invasive delivery of acutely needed medications.
The Treatment of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome in Adolescents in an Interdisciplinary Treatment Program: Preliminary Outcomes
Authors: Bruce Barbara , Weiss Karen , Ale Chelsea , Allman Madeleine , Harrison Tracy , Fischer Philip
Published: November 2022

Importance: Estimates suggest that 1% of all teens struggle with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome. It can be a devastating condition for the adolescents who do not respond to the currently available pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions. Preliminary data suggests that intensive interdisciplinary treatment may provide an effective intervention that can return these youth to normal functioning including full-time attendance at school, as well as reduce orthostatic symptoms, and psychological distress. Objective: To determine the effectiveness and durability of a 3-week interdisciplinary treatment in adolescents with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome in improving orthostatic symptoms, functioning, and psychological distress. Design: Patients diagnosed with Postural Tachycardia Syndrome admitted to an interdisciplinary treatment program were assessed at admission, discharge and 3-month follow-up to determine presence and severity of orthostatic symptoms, as well as functional status including return to school, and depression. Setting: An intensive interdisciplinary treatment program in a tertiary hospital outpatient setting. Participants: Forty-five adolescents ages 12-18 with confirmed diagnoses of Postural Tachycardia Syndrome referred to a tertiary medical center for interdisciplinary treatment. Intervention: A 3-week intensive outpatient interdisciplinary rehabilitation program with significant parental involvement based on a cognitive-behavioral model. Main Outcome and Measure(s): Self-reported orthostatic symptoms were assessed with the Compass 31; level of functioning was assessed with the Functional Disability Index, depressive symptoms were assessed with the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression for Children, and self-reported school attendance was assessed. Results: Significant improvements were observed and maintained at the end of treatment and at 3-month follow-up on measures of orthostatic symptoms, physical functioning, and psychological distress. At admission, 32% of patients had completed high school or were attending school full-time. At 3-month follow-up, 90% were either attending school full-time or had completed their schooling. Keywords: Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, POTS, interdisciplinary treatment, adolescents.
Effects of Empagliflozin on Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced TRAF3IP2-Dependent Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation
Authors: Dashek Ryan , Higashi Yusuke , Das Nitin , Russell Jacob , Martinez-Lemus Luis , Rector R. , Chandrasekar Bysani
Published: November 2022

Aims: Chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH), a characteristic feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), contributes to cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, potentially through persistent oxidative stress and inflammation. TRAF3IP2 (TRAF3 Interacting Protein 2) is an oxidative stress-responsive proinflammatory adapter molecule and plays a causal role in a preclinical model of atherosclerosis. Since SGLT2 (Sodium/Glucose Cotransporter 2) inhibitors have shown protective effects in CVD by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation, we hypothesized that IH promotes the crosstalk between oxidative stress and TRAF3IP2, resulting in IL-6-dependent human aortic smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, and that these effects are inhibited by the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin. Materials and methods: Primary human aortic SMC were exposed to various cycles of IH. Normoxia served as a control. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying IH-induced nitroxidative stress, TRAF3IP2 and IL-6 induction, and SMC proliferation and those targeted by empagliflozin were determined by treating SMC with various pharmacological inhibitors and viral vectors. Results: IH upregulated TRAF3IP2 expression, TRAF3IP2-dependent superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide generation, NF-kB and HIF-1a activation, IL-6 induction, and SMC proliferation. Exposure to IL-6 by itself induced SMC proliferation in part via TRAF3IP2, IL-6R, gp130, JAK, and STAT3. Further, SMC express SGLT2 at basal conditions, and is upregulated by both IH and IL-6. Importantly, empagliflozin inhibited IH-induced TRAF3IP2 upregulation, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generation, TRAF3IP2-dependent HIF-1a and NF-kB activation, IL-6 induction, and IL-6-dependent JAK-STAT3-mediated SMC proliferation. Moreover, empagliflozin inhibited IL-6-induced STAT3-dependent SMC proliferation. Conclusions: These results suggest the therapeutic potential of empagliflozin in IH and inflammatory vascular proliferative diseases associated with OSA.
Risk identification & Risk management versus Vaccination on Dairy Farms: a true controversy? (With special attention to professional communication and risk communication)
Authors: Noordhuizen Jos
Published: November 2022

In this paper, two main domains of veterinary preventive medicine are addressed: applying vaccines and implementing risk identification & risk management plans. Both should go together on food animal production farms because they appear to be mutually beneficial. Moreover, the potential risk of economic losses is drastically lowered. Both domains are briefly highlighted. A dairy farm is used for illustration purposes. Professional communication plays a paramount role in increasing the compliance of the farmer to these plans. Professional communication is incomparable with emergency risk communication such as should be implemented in highly contagious, notifiable diseases in large regions or such as in a Covid epidemic. Therefore, a discussion text has been added as an Annex I to compare the emergency risk communication outcomes related to Covid-19 in humans in France with the criteria of emergency risk communication addressed in the context of dairy cattle production. Guidelines to set up emergency risk communication plans are provided in an Annex II.
Association of Non-Melanoma Skin Carcinomas and UV Exposure with Exfoliation Syndrome in Utah
Authors: Paulson Chase , Barker D , Pompoco Christian , Taylor Sam , Conley Matthew , Patil Ayesha , Amakiri Nnana , Stagg Brian , Ritch Robert , Kang Jae , Wiggs Janey , Curtin Karen , Wirostko Barbara
Published: November 2022

Background: Prior data suggest an association between non-melanoma skin cancer, i.e., basal and squamous cell cancers most often located in areas of sun exposure, and pseudoexfoliation syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the association between these conditions and UV exposure through a detailed questionnaire in a large and robust Utah population. Methods: The two arms of this study are a population-based study (evaluated via chart review) and a UV exposure study (evaluated via a questionnaire). Participants answered a questionnaire designed to assess lifelong UV exposure, including leisure and occupational sun exposure, likelihood to tan or burn in early life, eye and hair color, smoking behavior, vitamin D deficiency, skin cancer history, alcohol consumption, and caffeine intake. Conclusion: Descriptive findings suggest UV exposure over an adult’s lifespan may associate with a higher risk of non-melanoma skin cancer in Utah exfoliation patients vs. unaffected individuals. Patients with exfoliation glaucoma reside at higher elevations than non-glaucoma patients.
Innovations for Optimizing Fertility and Ovarian Functionality in Female Cancer Patients
Authors: Leonel Ellen
Published: November 2022

The survival rates and quality of life of patients undergoing cancer treatments have significantly increased in recent years. However, these advanced treatments are known to exert a potentially gonadotoxic effect, impairing the female population of germ cells and, consequently, leading to ovarian failure through hormonal dysfunction and premature menopause. Nowadays, it is strongly recommended that oncologists discuss the risks of infertility and alternatives with each patient individually, recommending a consultation with a reproductive specialist as early as possible. In this context, remarkable progress has been made in assisted reproductive techniques aimed at fertility preservation for female patients. The main currently applied methods to avoid total loss of ovarian activity as a result of chemo or radiotherapy include oocyte, embryo, or ovarian tissue cryopreservation. This topic review summarizes the recent advances in these techniques, which have increased the chances of fertility preservation and family planning, as well as providing hope for cancer survivors. Oocyte cryopreservation followed by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer are currently the recommended first-line fertility preservation approaches. However, for prepubertal individuals, the technique of ovarian tissue cryopreservation is advised; this is, moreover, the best method for efficient maintenance of the follicular reserve and allows future tissue transplantation, which not only restores fertility but also resumes natural ovarian hormonal activity. Recently, the discussion about the reestablishment of ovarian function in a defective tissue has raised compelling arguments, based on the theory about the presence of germ stem cells in the ovary. Despite the relevance of the results and the psychological benefits, the number of female patients diagnosed with cancer who are offered any method of fertility preservation is low. Multidisciplinary teams working jointly with oncologists and fertility specialists are essential for better outcomes regarding the wellness of patients who recover from cancer. Although further studies are needed to improve some of the available approaches, for now, comprehensive availability of oocyte/embryo or ovarian tissue freezing services is necessary worldwide to meet patient needs.
Thrombocytopenia Induced by Iodinated Contrast Media: A Systematic Review
Authors: José Guerrero , Gómez Jose , Guillermo Ropero , Beatriz Martin , Aurora Ruz-Zafra , Luis Avilés-Toscano , Pablo Cristobo , Mariela Grana
Published: November 2022

Iodinated contrast media are routinely used in clinical practice for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Adverse effects of their administration have an incidence of 3 %, and mostly consist of mild skin allergic reactions, with severe reponses such as anaphylaxis representing only 0.22 %. Contrast-induced thrombocytopenia is an extremely rare, underdiagnosed condition that most often occurs after infusion of hyperosmolar contrast agents, with low-osmolarity compounds being less likely the trigger. We report a systematic review of this condition based on the currently available series of case reports (18), as well as the clinical course of the presentation and platelet count during episodes. The physiopathogenic mechanism remains unknown, although the presence of some immune-mediated process involving changes in platelet aggregation and activation is currently accepted. Platelet response is immediate (within a few hours after exposure to the contrast agent) and consists of a fall in platelet count to < 20 x 109/L, which returns to normal at day 3 or 4. Diagnostic criteria are based on those by George and Arnold, the latter more specific for drug-induced thrombocytopenia. No routine diagnostic laboratory tests are presently available to establish a definite diagnosis, and treatment usually consists of support measures to prevent complications from occurring, but steroids, immunoglobulins, plasma exchange and/or platelet transfusions may be used. Despite its low incidence, iodinated contrast-induced thrombocytopenia is a complication to consider that may cause severe thrombocytopenia after administration of iodinated contrast agent during some diagnostic test and/or angiography.
Global Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Environment, Economy, Education, Climate Change, Policy and Vaccination Trends
Authors: Olajuyin Ayobami , Usman Maryamu , Dikko Saratu , Olajuyin Adefunke , Hayatu Raji , James Adewale , Dele-Osibanjo Taiwo
Published: November 2022

The effects of the coronavirus are obvious in every sectors of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has evidently disturbed global and local economies and the ecosystem. The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly interfered with the biotic and abiotic aspects of the environment. Hence the need for this review. This review article analyzed the effects of the COVID-19 on education, environmental ethics and policy, climate change, the physical environment, consumer behavior, the price and level of production of goods and services, disturbances in local and global economies, social gathering, the society, vaccination trends, and the impacts on man and his future generations. Articles search were conducted using, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus index journals and Google Scholar databases for research articles, review related to COVID19, environment, national development and vaccine measures adopted globally. Vaccination is taking place all over the world, and this may help to curb the spread of the virus. The reduction in emissions have led to improvements in air quality which may be beneficial to the environment. Meanwhile, significant research is provided for the causes of pollution and the sudden stop in various form of economic activities, especially transportation. The implementation of environmental policy, development of research institute, employment opportunities, discovery of vaccine have improved national development.
Metagenomic and Bile Acid Metabolomic Analysis of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridiodes Difficile and/or Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Ramos Ruben , Zhu Chencan , Joseph Dimitri , Thaker Shubh , LaComb Joseph , Markarian Katherine , Lee Hannah , Petrov Jessica , Monzur Farah , Buscaglia Jonathan , Chawla Anupama , Small-Harary Leslie , Gathungu Grace , Morganstern Jeffrey , Yang Jie , Li Jinyu , Pamer Eric , Robertson Charles , Frank Daniel , Cross Justin , Li Ellen
Published: November 2022

Background. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (rCDI), but has more limited efficacy in treating either ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s disease (CD), two major forms of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We hypothesize that FMT recipients with rCDI and/or IBD have baseline fecal bile acid (BA) compositions that differ significantly from that of their healthy donors and that FMT will normalize the BA compositions. Aim. To study the effect of single colonoscopic FMT on microbial composition and function in four recipient groups: 1.) rCDI patients without IBD (rCDI-IBD); 2.) rCDI with IBD (rCDI+IBD); 3.) UC patients without rCDI (UC-rCDI); 4.) CD patients without rCDI (CD-rCDI). Methods. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequence, shotgun DNA sequence and quantitative bile acid metabolomic analyses on stools collected from 55 pairs of subjects and donors enrolled in two prospective single arm FMT clinical trials (Clinical Trials.gov ID NCT03268213, 479696, UC no rCDI ≥ 2x IND 1564 and NCT03267238, IND 16795). Fitted linear mixed models were used to examine the effects of four recipient groups, FMT status (Donor, pre-FMT, 1-week post-FMT, 3-months post-FMT) and first order Group*FMT interactions on microbial diversity and composition, bile acid metabolites and bile acid metabolizing enzyme gene abundance. Results. The pre-FMT stools collected from rCDI ± IBD recipients had reduced α-diversity compared to the healthy donor stools and was restored post-FMT. The α-diversity in the pre-FMT stools collected from UC-rCDI or CD-rCDI recipients did not differ significantly from donor stools. FMT normalized some recipient/donor ratios of genus level taxa abundance in the four groups. Fecal secondary BA levels, including some of the secondary BA epimers that exhibit in vitro immunomodulatory activities, were lower in rCDI±IBD and CD–rCDI but not UC-rCDI recipients compared to donors. FMT restored secondary BA levels. Metagenomic baiE gene and some of the eight bile salt hydrolase (BSH) phylotype abundances were significantly correlated with fecal BA levels. Conclusion. Restoration of multiple secondary BA levels, including BA epimers implicated in immunoregulation, are associated with restoration of fecal baiE gene counts, suggesting that the 7-α-dehydroxylation step is rate-limiting.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Taxpayer Data Security in Implementing Tax Obligations at the Directorate General of Taxes
Authors: Rulandari Novianita , Natision Alian , Kommer Victor Van , Kesmawan Andri Putra , Suryanih Suryanih
Published: November 2022

Taxpayer data security in carrying out tax obligations at the Directorate General of Taxes has experienced several problems of taxpayer data leakage because the security system is still weak, so that it is infected with malware that is able to steal taxpayers' personal data. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of taxpayer data security in carrying out tax obligations with case studies at the Directorate General of Taxes, knowing the obstacles faced by the Directorate General of Taxes in building a taxpayer data security information system and analyzing the efforts made by the Directorate General of Taxes regarding the development taxpayer data security system in carrying out tax obligations. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation studies as well as data analysis techniques using content analysis. The results of this study indicate that after the taxpayer data leak occurred, the Directorate General of Taxes carried out a comprehensive system improvement so that the level of taxpayer data security became better. The participation of taxpayers in using a strong username and password is an important factor that determines the taxpayer's own data. The Directorate General of Taxes seeks to improve the security system and provide socialization to taxpayers to always use usernames and passwords that are not easily guessed and to periodically change E-filing passwords.
Electrolyte Coagulation of Saponite Bearing Water Suspension for Reuse by Mining Enterprises.
Authors: Malygina M.A. , Ayzenshtadt A.M. , Korolev E.V. , Drozdyuk T.A. , Frolova M.A.
Published: November 2022

Approaches to two main issues: assessment of the aggregative stability of colloidal systems in the light of the energy balance of the attraction and repulsion potentials of particles in aqueous suspensions for reuse in the enrichment of kimberlite ores, and the determination of rational conditions for its clarification by electrolyte coagulation are presented.
Evaluation of the Effect of Changing the Composition of Wastewater on Biological Treatment when Adding a Mixture of Sulfide Alkali for the Treatment of Petrochemical Wastewater
Authors: Zilberman M.B. , Pichugin E.A. , Zyryanova E.V. , Solovyeva A.S.
Published: November 2022

The influence of a pilot assessment based on the results of a change in the composition of wastewater on the quality of biological wastewater treatment when a sulfide alkali mixture is added to the feedstream of petrochemical enterprises is presented. It was found that the results of wastewater treatment at biological treatment plants are not affected by phenols in sulfide alkali wastewater. It was confirmed that activated sludge retains the ability to extract organic compounds without reference to the proportion of sulfide alkali effluents in the treated water.
Bioremediation Potential of Natural Microbiocenosis under Conditions of Chronic Oil Contamination
Authors: Egorova D.O. , Buzmakov S.A. , Sannikov P.Yu. , Shestakov I.E. , Khotyanovskaya Yu.V.
Published: November 2022

It was shown that under conditions of chronic exposure to oil fields, the bioremediation potential of autochthonous microbiocenosis, which is formed as a result of seral processes after the release of petroleum hydrocarbons into the environment, plays an important role. As a result of the study, it was found that in the bottom deposits of the Kamenka River (Kungursky district of the Perm Territory, Russia), located on the territory of the Kokuyskoye oil and gas field, bacteriocenosis decomposing oil hydrocarbons were formed. Communities include the main ecological and trophic groups of bacteria: heterotrophs – (1.4–2.4)×107 CFU/g of bottom deposits, crude oil degraders – 5.0×104–2.7×107 CFU/g of bottom deposits, halophiles – 1.0×106–1.3×107 CFU/g of bottom deposits. It was showed that bacteriocenosis decompose alkanes and partially transform cyclanes and arenas, the main components of oil contamination in the study area. Thus, the possibility of restoration of the territory of chronic oil pollution as a result of realization of bioremediation potential of bacterial natural community was confirmed.
The Role of Medical Simulation in Current Paediatrics Training: A Case for Zambia
Authors: Phiri Samuel , Gondwe Kennedy , Nyirenda Christopher , Maliko Catherine
Published: November 2022

There has been a rise in the number of health training facilities offering training in Pediatrics in Zambia in recent years. For nearly four decades, there was only one medical school offering medical training in Zambia, with very low annual enrolment numbers. In the past one decade, the number of students being admitted to medical school have increased dramatically, more so with the introduction of new medical schools both public and private. However, the number of trainers has not increased proportionately, hospital infrastructure has remained relatively static, and the number of trainees per patient has greatly increased. This would thus entail the need to introduce new and additional methods of teaching, such as the simulation based approach as a safe supplementary mode of training to be considered for our setting. This paper will therefore seek to examine the role of simulation based training in medical education in the field of Pediatrics and Child Health.
Representações sociais dos impactos da violência escolar no trabalho docente
Authors: Camargo Natalia Alves de , Reis Igor de Oliveira , Baquião Larissa Sales Martins , Scherer Edson Arthur , Scherer Zeyne Alves Pires
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: compreender as representações sociais que os professores do ensino médio de uma escola pública têm sobre os impactos da violência escolar em suas práticas. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório qualitativo, realizado por meio de entrevista semiestruturada de fevereiro a maio de 2019, com professores de uma escola pública do interior paulista, com interpretação pela análise de conteúdo. Resultados: participaram 10 professores, cinco homens e cinco mulheres, com idades entre 30 e 56 anos, e média de 16,5 anos de atuação como docentes, com escolaridade superior e sete deles tinham pós-graduação (cinco especialização e dois mestrado). Emergiram três categorias temáticas: “Política educacional: não está na hora de mudar?”; “Famílias desestruturadas: reflexos na violência escolar”; e “Crenças e dificuldades no manejo da violência escolar: estratégias disponíveis”. Conclusão: propõe-se intervenções legislativas para implementar programas de saúde no local de trabalho, formação e capacitação dos profissionais na temática da violência, a articulação intersetorial das escolas para suporte aos estudantes, famílias e comunidade.
Avaliação do funcionamento familiar de crianças e adolescentes com doença crônica
Authors: Mendes Thalita Nóbrega , Leite da Silva Cardoso Érika , Trindade de Araújo Tiburtino Neves Nívea , Araújo Yana Balduino de , De Lima Silva Kenya
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: avaliar o grau de funcionamento familiar de crianças e adolescentes com doença crônica. Método: estudo quantitativo e transversal realizado em dois serviço de referências do município de João Pessoa entre abril de 2017 a janeiro de 2018. Utilizou-se dois instrumentos, um de cadastro e acompanhamento e outro de avaliação do funcionamento familiar. Na interpretação dos dados, aplicou-se análise de correspondência e peso da evidência. Resultados: participaram 79 cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes com doenças crônicas, na qual identificou-se que 65% foram classificados como famílias funcionais e 35% de famílias disfuncionais, 50,6% eram crianças do sexo feminino, 43% menores de cinco anos, 59,5% pardas. O cuidador principal era a mãe (93,7%), 66,1% pardas, 45,6% casadas, 68,4% desempregadas, renda familiar menor que dois salários mínimos e, cadastrados em programa social do governo (72,2%). Houve relação com família funcional: envolvimento no cuidado, não separação após a descoberta da doença, união familiar após a doença, criança na segunda infância (6-12 anos), criança/adolescente realizando autocuidado, renda familiar, no receber apoio e na dependência de cuidados complexos. A disfuncionalidade familiar esteve inversamente ligada aos fatores de funcionalidade. Conclusão: a capacidade de adaptação e bom funcionamento familiar são mais fortes quando a família possui melhor articulação com sua rede de apoio social.
A certeza delirante no discurso psicótico e seus atravessamentos no contexto familiar
Authors: Fonsêca Marcos Aurélio , De Laurentiis Sabino Lígia
Published: November 2022

O discurso de conteúdo delirante se manifesta com frequência na psicose. A Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira propõe o cuidado em liberdade e a intervenção compartilhada com as famílias. Objetivo: discutir como as intervenções com a família repercutiram no projeto terapêutico, além de questionar acerca do papel da família e da equipe na condução do cuidado e do preparo e disponibilidade das instituições e equipes para acolher e orientar as famílias. Método: abordagem qualitativa, com objetivo descritivo-exploratório, a partir do relato de caso único, baseado na revisão de prontuário de uma mulher diagnosticada como psicótica, com a manifestação do transtorno delirante e que apresentou contexto familiar bastante conflituoso. Resultados: com as intervenções, foi atingida a redução do investimento afetivo nas certezas delirantes, com menor impacto no desempenho funcional e na dinâmica familiar da usuária. Conclusão: sem a abordagem familiar, promovendo a responsabilização dos integrantes do núcleo, as intervenções dos profissionais têm grande chance de serem pouco resolutivas.
Desenvolvimento infantil e abordagem intersetorial: contribuições da Terapia Ocupacional
Authors: Barba Patrícia Carla de Souza Della , Franco Mariana Ferrari , Nunes Ana Célia , Folha Débora Ribeiro da Silva Campos
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: analisar a compreensão de profissionais de equipes multiprofissionais acerca de conceitos de risco para o desenvolvimento infantil e as contribuições da Terapia Ocupacional. Método: estudo qualitativo com profissionais integrantes de equipes da saúde, assistência social e educação. Utilizou-se entrevista semiestruturada e pesquisa em documentos da rotina das equipes participantes. A interpretação dos dados ocorreu por meio da técnica de análise do conteúdo. Resultados: participaram oito profissionais, das quais quatro eram do setor de saúde e quatro da assistência social. Foram construídas as seguintes categorias: Concepção e Identificação de sinais de risco para o DI; Avaliação de DI com instrumento padronizado; Fluxo de entrada na rede assistencial; Método de acompanhamento dos casos. O conceito e o tipo de observação de risco para desenvolvimento infantil variavam entre os profissionais de cada área, assim como suas ações nos serviços. Conclusão: os profissionais trabalham com uma noção ampliada de riscos, mas de forma isolada. Os terapeutas ocupacionais podem desenvolver ações de identificação de situações de vulnerabilidade social infantil e de formação e capacitação das equipes, na perspectiva intersetorial para o trabalho de acompanhamento e monitoramento do desenvolvimento na primeira infância.
Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxicity Activity Study of Some Chalcones Derived from 2-(1,1-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[e]indol-2-ylidene)malonaldehyde
Authors: MOHAMMAD Dhuha , BAQİR ALİ Wassan
Published: November 2022

In this work, series of new chalcones derived from indole compounds were synthesized. In the first the compound 2-(1,1-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[e]indol-2-ylidene)malonaldehyde was synthesized from the reaction of 1,1,2-trimethyl-1H-benzo[e]indole with Phosphoryl chloride in in the presence of (DMF). Schiff base (C2) was prepared by reaction of 2-(1,1-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[e]indol-2-ylidene) malonaldehyde with 3-amino acetophenone and then the compounds (C3-C6) were synthesized by reacting compound (C2) with a different aryl aldehyde in the presence of potassium hydroxide. The chemical composition of the compounds was confirmed and characterized by spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, 1H-NMR and13C-NMR). Target compounds with different concentrations were investigated for their cytotoxic activity against the human breast cancer cell line MCF7. The results showed that the compounds had promising cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cell line especially compound (2) which showed the highest inhibition at the rate of 100 µg/mL among the tested compounds at varied concentrations.
Generational attitudes towards homosexuality across Europe: What individual and country-related factors matter?
Authors: Jarasiunaite-Fedosejeva Gabija , Kravcenko Karina
Published: November 2022

Only a few studies have examined generational differences in attitudes towards homosexuality across Europe. Also, little is known about the explanatory factors for these attitudes. This study aimed at exploring the differences between generations in attitudes towards homosexuality across Europe and examining the importance of individual (gender, education, religiosity, political views and parenthood) and country-related (communist history, laws and policies guaranteeing lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people [LGBT] rights) factors in explaining such attitudes of different generations. The European Social Survey Round 9 data with 47,086 respondents from 27 European countries were analysed. The results showed that each younger generation was more accepting of homosexuality than the previous one. While gender, religiosity and communist history of the country were important predictors of attitudes towards homosexuality in all generations, the importance of education, political views, parenthood and laws and policies guaranteeing LGBT rights differed. This study extends the understanding of attitudinal changes and generational differences in attitudes towards homosexuality.
Keywords: Attitudes towards homosexuality, generations, European Social Survey
Gastric dilatation volvulus in dogs: utility of lactate as a predictor of survival
Authors: Mackenzie David
Published: November 2022

PICO question

In dogs presenting with gastric dilatation volvulus, is an admission or pre-operative lactate level a reliable predictor of survival to discharge?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Prognosis

The number and type of study designs reviewed

15 studies (12 retrospective and 3 prospective) were critically appraised

Strength of evidence

Moderate

Outcomes reported

At a population level, lower blood lactate concentration, or lactate concentration that decreases following fluid resuscitation, are associated with a better prognosis.

At a population level, higher blood lactate concentration, or lactate concentration that fails to decrease following fluid resuscitation, is associated with a worse prognosis. However, the lower sensitivity across studies means that a high lactate, or one that does not decrease following fluid therapy, should be interpreted more cautiously than a low lactate; i.e., low lactate predicts survival better than high lactate predicts non-survival.

In all studies, there was a significant overlap in individual blood lactate concentration between survivors and non-survivors

Conclusion

Blood lactate level should only be used to help guide broad, cautiously worded conversations with owners as described above. It should not be used to give a prognosis for individual patients. The overlap between survivors and non-survivors, and the high overall survival rate, means that exploratory laparotomy should be advised irrespective of the blood lactate level

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Melodramatic Aesthetics and Ethics in 3 PM on a Rainy Day (1959)
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Kim Soo Yeon
Published: November 2022

A majority of South Korean melodramas produced in the late 1950s are characterized by the “gaps” between clichéd nationalist narrative and exotic international style. This article analyzes 3 PM on a Rainy Day in relation to its cosmopolitan aesthetics and the ethical significance gained from it. The first part of the article examines prior criticism on melodrama and style in order to demonstrate the ways in which melodrama uses style to “speak the unspeakable.” The second part discusses concepts developed by Jacques Rancière and Alain Badiou, such as “the aesthetic regime of art,” “a thwarted fable,” and “impurities” of cinema. Viewing cinema as a truth-seeking singular event, Rancière and Badiou make room for new aisthesis (perception) and thus invite an ethical rethinking of the status quo. 3 PM on a Rainy Day recasts a clash between nationalism and the American-style modernization in postwar Korea within a love triangle between a Korean-American journalist, a Korean veteran, and a Korean woman adored by the two men. The last part argues that the film’s cosmopolitan style packed with western indexes disrupts nationalist narrative and creates a “thwarted fable” which, by unsettling the logical flow of storytelling, reveals the unspeakable: in this film, a cosmopolitan aspiration on the part of the audience consumed by war.
Hubungan Underweight dengan Pertumbuhan Maksila
Authors: Lubis Hilda Fitria , Nasution Nurul Maulydina Dewi
Published: November 2022

Maxillary growth can be assessed from linear measurements, which is the length of the maxilla. The process of growth and development of the maxilla is influenced by several factors, one of which is nutrition. Inadequate nutritional status can interfere with maxillary growth and development. To determine whether there is a relationship between underweight and maxillary growth. Samples were lateral cephalograms and patient data from the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of North Sumatra who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The total sample was 100, consisting of 50 underweight patients and 50 normal-weight patients. The Data was obtained from examination of the Body Mass Index, measurement with the ratio of body weight and height squared then adjusted to the BMI criteria according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2010, then the maxillary length was measured on the cephalogram based on the Anthanasiou method using the CorelDraw application. Data were statistically analyzed using the independent t-test to see if there was a relationship based on maxillary growth (p <0.05). The results of this research stated that mean maxillary length in the normal-weight patient group was 115,824 ± 5.56 mm higher than the underweight patient group of 101.875 ± 4.45 mm. There was a difference in maxillary length between the normal-weight patient group and the underweight patient group (p <0.05). The conclusion from this research that there is a relationship between underweight and maxillary growth.
Analisis Besar Sudut Gonial Mandibula pada Anak-Anak Penderita Down Syndrome
Authors: Apriyono Dwi Kartika
Published: November 2022

The mandible is the largest and strongest part of the craniofacial bone of the face. The mandible is the movable part of the facial bone. The mandible has two main structures, the body of the mandible and the ramus of the mandible. These two bone structures meet and form an angle called the gonial angle. The gonial angle will change with age because the mandible will undergo bone remodeling so that it can cause changes in the shape of the mandible. Changes that occur in the gonial angle can be evaluated by means of a panoramic radiograph. The growth and development of the gonial angle which is part of the mandibular bone can be influenced by several factors, namely genetics, race, sex, nutritional factors, hormones, masticatory muscle activity, lifestyle, use of drugs, and the environment. One of the genetic disorders in the process of growth and development of the mandible is Down Syndrome. Down Syndrome is characterized by a small upper jaw, a wide face, wide eye spacing, and a flat nose. The purpose of this study was to determine the size of the gonial angle of boys and girls suffering from Down Syndrome. This research is a cross sectional study with the research subjects are children with Down Syndrome aged 10-16 years. Panoramic X-rays were taken on all subjects and then the gonial angle was assessed. The results showed that the size of the gonial angle will decrease with increasing age. Girls with Down syndrome have a larger gonial angle than boys with Down syndrome.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Madu Kaliandra (Calliandra callothyrsus) Kombinasi Ekstrak Buah Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa) Konsentrasi 100% sebagai Bahan Alternatif untuk Pemutihan Gigi Secara in Vitro
Authors: Pasril Yusrini , Lestariana Beauty Adinda
Published: November 2022

Tooth discoloration can be overcome by doing bleaching treatment. Bleaching is an act of using chemicals that can whiten teeth using peroxide. The method that can be used is the home bleaching technique or in office bleaching. The use of teeth whitening agents can cause side effects, namely on the mucosa and sensitivity of the teeth so that natural teeth whitening ingredients are needed using calliandra honey and strawberries. The elegat acid and malic acid in strawberries will undergo oxidation where these two acids can bind to substances that can cause discoloration of the enamel. This type of research is an experimental laboratory in vitro. The sample in this study amounted to 32 samples of teeth. The first treatment was soaked in calliandra honey, a combination of strawberry fruit extract with a concentration of 100% and the second treatment group was soaked in distilled water. Immersion was carried out for 14 days with 3 hours of immersion in the morning and 3 hours at night. Taking the number of samples using the Frederer's formula. The results of this study saw the effect of significant color changes before and after immersion using Calliandra honey in combination with 100% concentration of strawberry fruit extract.
Abordaje transforaminal percutáneo para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de un caso de espondilodiscitis tuberculosa lumbar con absceso epidural.
Authors: Lovatón-Espadín Rolando , León-Palacios José , Cárdenas-Raymundo Luis , Ortega- Cruz Rolando , Alaba-García Wesley
Published: November 2022

La enfermedad de Pott o espondilodiscitis tuberculosa representa menos del 1% de los casos de tuberculosis. Sin embargo, el curso clínico indolente de esta enfermedad hace que su diagnóstico sea generalmente tardío, causando con ello la destrucción de las estructuras vertebrales. La deformidad resultante de la columna vertebral requiere tratamiento quirúrgico, el cual es complejo y requiere una estancia hospitalaria prolongada. Se describe el caso de un paciente varón de 52 años que fue diagnosticado de espondilodiscitis lumbar luego de la correspondiente evaluación clínica y estudios imagenológicos sin mostrar respuesta al tratamiento antibiótico empírico. Un abordaje transforaminal percutáneo, técnica mínimamente invasiva, permitió el diagnóstico de espondilodiscitis tuberculosa y la mejoría sintomática del paciente.
Impacto en la salud mental de los niños y adolescentes de Lima Metropolitana en el contexto de la COVID-19
Authors: Alvarez Militza , Arias Jose-Pablo , Morón Giannina , Ramírez Rocio , Cayo Julissa , Pomalima Rolando
Published: November 2022

Los problemas de salud mental en niños y adolescentes tienen una elevada incidencia en el Perú y a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, los estudios sobre las repercusiones psicológicas de la pandemia de Covid-19 en niños y adolescentes en el Perú son insuficientes. El objetivo general fue identificar la magnitud de los principales problemas de salud mental en la población infanto-juvenil de Lima (Perú) relacionados con la Covid-19. El estudio fue descriptivo-transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 2639 niños(as) y adolescentes. Se emplearon los siguientes instrumentos: Ficha demográfica y socioeconómica, Cuestionario sobre experiencias, conductas e impacto relacionadas a la Covid-19, Entrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional para Niños y Adolescentes, Cuestionario de Violencia Familiar, Cuestionario “Como es tu Familia”, Escala Adolescent Family Process, Inventario de Conductas Parentales y Cuestionario sobre Determinantes del Acceso a los Servicios de Salud en el Perú. Entre los aspectos de la conducta parental percibidos por los adolescentes, se halló que alrededor de la mitad de ellos experimentaban rara vez un conflicto con sus madres o padres. El miedo a que algún ser querido enferme o muera por la Covid-19 fue el más frecuente en los niños(as) de 6 a 11 años y en los adolescentes (63% y 63.6% respectivamente). El 44.4% de los informantes de los niños de 1.5 a 5 años, refirieron que utilizaban el castigo físico, frente a un 60.3% en niños(as) de 6 a 11 años. Los adolescentes reportaron haberlo sufrido en un 59.3%.  El miedo a separarse de una figura de apego se presentó en un 45.7% de niños(as) de 6 a 11 años. Más del 80% (n = 2227) de la muestra contaba con algún seguro de salud. La tercera parte de la muestra (n = 870) presentó problemas emocionales y/o de conducta, de los cuales 714 no recibieron atención. Se concluye que, en los seis meses previos a la encuesta, los principales trastornos clínicos, así como el maltrato físico y psicológico y el abuso sexual en la población infanto-juvenil se incrementaron en comparación con la época de pre-pandemia. La frecuencia de la comunicación entre padres y sus hijos de 1.5 a 11 años tuvo una cierta mejoría. El acceso a servicios es un punto crítico en la atención.
ANALISIS BUKTI DIGITAL CYBERBULLYING PADA MEDIA SOSIAL MENGGUNAKAN METODE NATIONAL INSTITUT OF STANDARD AND TECHNOLOGY (NIST) 800-101
Authors: Yuliana Dina , Yuniati Trihastuti , Zen Bita Parga
Published: November 2022

Salah satu dampak negatif dari kemajuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi adalah munculnya fenomena Cyberbullying. Ditch The Label pada surveinya “The Annual Bullying Survey 2017”, mencatat lebih banyak anak muda yang mengalami cyberbullying di Instagram dari pada platform lain sebesar 42 persen, sementara WhatsApp 12 persen dari cyberbullying yang dilaporkan. Kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh pelaku cyberbullying tentunya akan meninggalkan barang bukti berupa bukti digital percakapan tentang kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh pelaku dan korban. Maka dari itu perlu adanya teknik digital forensik untuk perncarian bukti digital yang valid. Pada penelitian ini dibuat skenario kasus cyberbullying pada Instagram dan Whatsapp melalui ponsel non root. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui cara melakukan mobile forensics dengan menerapkan metode NIST Special Publication 800-101 Revision 1, dan mengetahui hasil analisis dari aplikasi MOBILEdit dan Autopsy dalam pencarian bukti digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bukti digital sesuai skenario yang telah dibuat tidak ditemukan semua. Percobaan menggunakan aplikasi MOBILEdit, pada instagram tidak ditemukan apapun sedangkan whatsApp hanya ditemukan stored-nya. Percobaan menggunakan aplikasi Autopsy, pada instagram ditemukannya beberapa teks berupa komentar hanya saja untuk gambar dan video tetap tidak ditemukan, sedangkan whatsApp tetap hanya ditemukan file stored-nya, teks tidak ditemukan.