bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Influence of Hole Distance on the Strength of Locking Compression Plate Implants
Authors: Sathone Ishan R. , Potdar Umesh G.
Published: January 2025

Locking Compression Plate (LCP) implants have become an increasingly popular choice for orthopaedic surgeries, particularly in treating tibia bone fractures. Tibia implants have a failure rate from 7% to 18%. This study aimed to investigate the influence of the distance between the holes in the LCP implants on their overall strength and mechanical stability. The researchers employed a finite element analysis approach to simulate the performance of LCP implants made of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy. As Ti6A14V Titanium alloy has superior corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and lower modulus of elasticity, which distribute stress evenly, we have selected this material for our study. This comparative analysis suggests that increasing the distance between the holes from 5mm to 8mm in the LCP implant can enhance mechanical stability and load-bearing capacity. Finite element analysis suggested that the increase in hole distance from 5mm to 8mm reduced the stress value from 89.541 MPa to 81.734 MPa. The stresses in the implant increased to 88.025 MPa after increasing the hole distance beyond 8mm. These insights can inform the optimization of LCP implant design, particularly in treating tibia bone fractures, to ensure secure fixation and improved patient clinical outcomes.
Major Findings: Increasing the hole distance in the LCP implant from 5 mm to 8 mm enhances mechanical stability and reduces stress from 89.541 MPa to 81.734 MPa. However, increasing the distance beyond 8 mm raises the stress to 88.025 MPa, making the implant unstable. The inverse correlation exists between the hole distance and maximum stress magnitude.
Wayang China-Jawa's Preservation Through the Recreation in Animation
Authors: Lawe I Gusti Agung Rangga , Desintha Siti , Aditya Dimas Krisna , Kusmayanti Ima Normalia , Lionardi Angelia
Published: January 2025

Wacinwa or Wayang Cina Jawa is one of the artifacts that resemble the traditional Javanese shadow puppet’ show with traditional Chinese elements. Originally created by master Gwan Thwan Seng in 1937, this unique performance disappeared later after Soeharto’s New Order Regime triumphant in Indonesia in 1967. For many years some academics and shadow puppet’s artists have been trying to bring back this artefact and reintroduce it to younger generations nowadays. Unfortunately, because of the extinction of this kind of puppet show, the academics and the artists then also try to recreate and reconstruct it. This research also tries to recreate Wacinwa in animation, based on how the puppet moves after doing some research using qualitative research with reinterpretation and adaptation theory. What the research finds is that animation could bring back Wacinwa in a modern approach.
Keywords: Wacinwa, animation, shadow puppet, cultural heritage
Audio Factors in Online Courses
Authors: Soewardikoen Didit Widiatmoko , Anwar Ardy Aprilian , Budiman Arief , Azuddin Muhammad Asri , Shafie Norhaslinda , Halili Nur Akma
Published: January 2025

Although the pandemic has been declared over, online learning is still an alternative that is chosen if onsite learning experiences problems. Online learning actors, both lecturers, and students, often encounter interference, especially with voice problems. The problem is, what are the criteria for voice interference and what are the recommendations for overcoming it? Data collection was done using participatory observation, interviews and questionnaires, and literature study. Analysis using matrix analysis. As a result, if there is a disturbance, participants prioritize the audio factor rather than video, and there are still many participants who do not know how to set the sound on the device they are using. The research findings that audio has an important role in online lectures and if there is a network disruption, participants prefer to turn off the camera rather than the sound. There are still very few participants who adjust audio settings on communication devices. The results of this study can be utilized for the continuation of online lectures.
Keywords: online lectures, audio, sound settings
Aesthetic experience in nature: potential of environmental education in protected natural areas
Authors: Vergés Emiliana de Almeida , Iared Valéria Ghisloti
Published: January 2025

The aim of the current study is to identify the potential of a protected natural area in Southern Brazil to be used as space for aesthetic experiences in nature by a group of educators. The study was carried out in Serra da Baitaca State Park, Metropolitan Region of Curitiba City, Paraná State, Brazil, with three educators from different knowledge fields. It followed a qualitative approach and used techniques such as participant observation as well as mobile studies and interviews from the ecophenomenological perspective. Results were presented as (eco)narratives in response to the research object, with emphasis on two important findings, namely: education of attention practices and adventure body practices. In short, the current study has emphasized the importance of movement through practices such as education of attention and adventure in environmental education to value the more-than-human world and to promote sensitivity and political engagement by involving bodies in natural environments.
Performance of Lactating Yaks based on Feeding Normal Vis-A-Vis Quality Protein Maize
Authors: Medhi D. , Paul V. , Singh T.P. , Hussain M. , Jatana M.S. , Bhatt N, , Sarkar M.
Published: January 2025

Background: Maize abundantly cultivated in the North Eastern region of India, mainly for human consumption, although it’s having good potential to be used as a livestock feed to improve their productive performances. Presently, different improved varieties of maize are cultivating worldwide for use in animal feeds. Studies indicated normal maize is deficient in protein including the most essential amino acids, however, the quality protein maize (QPM), a special maize verity have a balance ratio of leucine to iso-leucine which helps in enhancement of the biological value of the protein in livestock and poultry. The present study was planned to assess the efficacy of normal maize Vis-a-Vis QPM on performance of lactating yaks. Methods: Ten lactating yaks of uniform age, body weight and pariety were randomly divided into two groups of five animals in each and were fed on mixed rations for a period of 112 days. The normal maize part of the concentrates in Ration-1 (R1) was completely (w/w) replaced with QPM in Ration-R2 and offered to group T1 and T2, respectively. Standard managemental practices were adopted for all the experimental animals. At the end, a metabolism trial of 6 days duration was carried out in all yaks. Results: The average DMI/100 kg body weight and average daily gain were higher with better feed efficiency in the group T2 fed diets based on quality protein maize. The nutritive values in terms of Digestible Crude Protein (DCP) and Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) showed no significant variations between the groups and the values were 5.11±0.52 and 58.15±0.74 and 5.43±0.42 and 59.78±1.11 percent in T1 and T2, respectively. Apparent digestibility of dry matter as well as in all organic matters and their nitrogen balances were comparatively higher in T2 than that of T1 group (P greater than 0.05). It was concluded that normal maize can easily be replace with quality protein maize for lactating yaks for better economic returns.
The Relationship Between Artificial Intelligence Attitudes and Openness to Organizational Change in Field Hockey Referees
Authors: Bayrakdaroğlu Yeşim , Türker Üstün , Ayhan Mustafa , Kaplan Mahir
Published: January 2025

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between field hockey referees' attitudes towards artificial intelligence and their openness to organisational change.
Methods: In the study, in addition to examining the effect of the scales among themselves, evaluations were made in terms of demographic characteristics by using general attitude towards artificial intelligence and organisational openness to change scales. In this context, the sample group of the study consisted of a total of 112 field hockey referees, 68 male and 44 female, affiliated to the Turkish Hockey Federation. Descriptive survey model was used for the study. In order to obtain the study data, ‘Openness to Organisational Change Scale’ developed by Çalışkan (2022) and ‘General Attitude Towards Artificial Intelligence Scale’ developed by Schepman and Rodway (2020) and adapted into Turkish by Kaya et al., (2022) were applied.
Results: As a result of the study, a positive relationship (r=0.716; p
Método multi-escal´on para determinar el espectro de energ´ıa de diferentes pozos de potencial cu´anticos
Authors: Lopez Villamil Ramon Eduardo , Pérez Castro I. , Zapata de la Cruz M. A. , Tiscareño Ramirez J.
Published: January 2025

En este trabajo se determinan numéricamente los estados ligados de un sistema cuántico con un pozo potencial triangular. Además, se estudia un caso práctico en el que se analiza un potencial presente en dispositivos MOSFET. Para ambos casos, se emplea el método de aproximación multi-escalón, que consiste en aproximar el potencial mediante una cadena de n-potenciales escalón. A partir de este nuevo potencial, las expresiones de los coeficientes de reflexión y transmisión se determinan mediante una formula recursiva, la cual es una generalización de los coeficientes para el caso del potencial escalón simple. Para el sistema con un pozo triangular, se encuentran dos energías ligadas con errores relativos menores al 1%, mientras que para el potencial asociado a los dispositivos MOSFET se obtiene una sola energía ligada.
ANALYZING COLONIAL REMNANTS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INDONESIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (1950–1980)
Authors: Manlee Chrystle Feodore , Kurniawan Fransisca Elvanty
Published: January 2025

The Global South has always been a running contributor to the global inequality index, becoming a threat to international stability and sustainability. In most cases, it is found that colonial dependency is one major factor that causes this hindrance in development, leading to inequality. In its journey to independence, Indonesia had undergone a strict economic system under Dutch colonialism, and further transitioned to two different governing systems before its reformation, producing different outcomes of economic policy management and spread of inequality. Thus, this research wishes to understand the differences of economic system governance between the Soekarno and Soeharto era, and whether they possess any remnants of colonial dependency integrated within them. The Dependency Theory is used in this research with the concepts of postcolonialism, development, and inequality embedded into the discussions. The data of this research is gathered through academic literature, utilizing a qualitative approach, and is conducted with a descriptive and historical comparative approach. This research finds that Dutch colonialism contributed a major role in how Indonesia manages its economic strategies and how it impacts its high social and economic inequality. Further stretching to post-independence, it is found that Soekarno's decoupling of Western values translated worse into the economy, compared to Soeharto's Western-centric approaches to trade. The root causes of colonial dependencies and habits affect the outcome of economic habits, and thus contribute to the efficiencies of how Indonesia manages its economy during the period before reformation.
Electroencephalogram (EEG) network-level excitation-inhibition in GRIN2B-related neurodevelopmental disorders: a pilot case-control series
Authors: Ramautar Jennifer R. , den Hollander Bibiche , Kooper Cece C. , Candellero Maria , Diachenko Marina , Sharma Additya , Asbreuk Marije A. B. C. , Sprengers Jan J. , van Haelst Mieke M. , van Karnebeek Clara D. , Linkenkaer-Hansen Klaus , Bruining Hilgo
Published: January 2025

Background: Loss of function (LoF) variants in GRIN2B lead to neurodevelopmental delay, which is expected to be mediated by alterations in the excitation-inhibition (E/I) balance resulting from reduced activity of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor. To test this hypothesis, we use quantitative electroencephalogram to provide insights into network-level estimates of the excitation-inhibition ratio. Methods: a single-center, case-control pilot study was conducted. Eyes-open rest EEG recordings were obtained from children with GRIN2B LoF variants (n = 5, aged 3-12.7; 2 females) who participated in an L-Serine intervention trial and compared to age- and gender-matched typically developing children (TDC) (n = 35, aged 4.3-12.8; 15 females). High-frequency resolution analyses (1-45 Hz) of spectral power and long-range temporal correlations measured by detrended fluctuation analyses (DFA) were performed. The functional E/I ratio (fE/I) was also computed. We used source modeling to identify the brain regions showing aberrant activity in GRIN2B neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) brain dynamics. Statistical differences were tested by applying bootstrapping analyses. Results: The patients harboring pathogenic GRIN2B LoF variants showed elevated absolute and relative power compared to the control group in the 1-4 Hz range across all brain regions. The GRIN2B group had elevated DFA values almost across all frequencies and brain regions, whereas the fE/I marker was lower at frequencies from 4-13 Hz compared to the TDC group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: our findings indicate that quantitative EEG is strongly affected in GRIN2B and might be a valuable tool for measuring E/I imbalances and evaluating changes resulting from pharmacological interventions.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Split Dan Abu Batu Sebagai Subtitusi Pasir Terhadap Kuat Tekan dan Daya Serap Air Paving Block Ditinjau dari Segi Ekonomis
Authors: Fitriani Sara , Murtiono Eko Supri , Agustin Rima Sri
Published: January 2025

Saat ini paving block banyak diminati sebagai lapisan perkerasan jalan, dengan banyaknya peminat dapat meningkatkan jumlah produksi, yang berdampak pada berkurangnya jumlah bahan material seperti pasir dan banyak tuntutan akan kulitas paving block. Oleh karena itu, digunakan abu batu dan batu split sebagai pengganti sebagian pasir untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan abu batu dan batu split terhadap kuat tekan, daya serap air dan biaya pembuatan paving block. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif eksperimen. Sampel dalam penelitian berupa paving block dengan ukuran 20cm x 10cm x 8cm berjumlah 30 buah, menggunakan perbandingan semen dan pasir 1:7 dengan variasi abu batu 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% dan batu split 60% sebagai penganti sebagian pasir. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa, ada pengaruh penggunaan abu batu dan batu split terhadap kuat tekan, daya serap air dan biaya paving block. Dimana kuat tekan maksimal dan daya serap air minimal berada pada paving dengan variasi abu batu 10% dan batu split 60%  dengan hasil kuat tekan 21,84 MPa (mutu B) dan daya serap air 6,19% (mutu C). Selain itu, biaya paving dengan variasi ini lebih ekonomis, yaitu Rp 96.308,00 per m2.

 
Los Guàrdia de Xàtiva (XVII-XIX). Estrategias para enraizar en la ciudad
Authors: Pascual Montell Vicente Gabriel
Published: January 2025

A principios del siglo XVII se instala en Xàtiva un sedero francés, Dominique de la Garde: con los años construye una fortuna y da los primeros pasos para la instalación de la familia en la oligarquía local. El linaje deberá superar distintos retos a lo largo de sus seis generaciones de permanencia en la ciudad: la conformación de su patrimonio, la integración de los hijos ilegítimos en el núcleo familiar o su proyección cívica.
Las obras pías durante el Antiguo Régimen. El ejemplo de Almansa: pleitos por la posesión del patronato del molino de las Barracas
Authors: Navalón Sáez Benjamín
Published: January 2025

Las capellanías y los patronatos fueron un medio más para la promoción social de muchas familias de la hidalguía castellana. Su fundación implicaba una serie de obligaciones espirituales pero también un beneficio económico, lo que dio lugar a numerosos pleitos entre los descendientes de los fundadores. En estas páginas se estudia la fundación a principios del siglo XVI de un patronato laical en la villa de Almansa (Albacete) y los distintos litigios emprendidos por diferentes miembros del linaje de los fundadores hasta finales del siglo XVIII con el objetivo de hacerse con la propiedad de dicha memoria pía.
Influence of cobalt on the properties of casting alloys
Authors: Kulikov S. A. , Rudnickij F. I.
Published: January 2025

The results of a study of the effect of modification with cobalt powder on the mechanical properties of high‑strength nodular cast iron and tin‑lead bronze are presented. It has been shown that when cobalt powder is introduced up to 0.1 %, it is evenly distributed in the metal matrix. Increasing the amount of the introduced additive revealed that cobalt is predominantly concentrated in the areas that crystallize last. The introduction of cobalt made it possible to increase the tensile strength of high‑strength cast iron and the relative elongation of bronze. The introduction of cobalt powder does not affect other mechanical properties.
The formation and development of OJSC “BSW – Management Company of Holding “BMC”, or 40 years of the Belarusian steel works: a modern view into the past, present and future
Authors: Mozgov S. A. , Anelkin N. I. , Mantsevich A. V. , Voytekhovsky D. G.
Published: January 2025

The year 2024 marks a significant milestone in the history of OJSC “BSW – Management Company of Holding “BMC” as October 15th commemorates the 40th anniversary of the first steel melting and casting on a continuous casting machine in the electric steelmaking shop.

The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive modern perspective on the technical identity of the enterprise in honor of the 40th anniversary of OJSC “BSW – Management Company of Holding “BMC”. It unites past achievements, the present state, and a vision for mediumand long‑term development. Furthermore, it offers an overview of the establishment and development of Belarusian metallurgy from the 1970s to the 1980s.

This review aims to highlight the technical progression, intellectual and technical potential of the enterprise, which were shaped by 40 years of collective effort and international collaboration. The anniversary provides an opportunity to reflect on the origins, analyze achievements to date, and set benchmarks for sustainable mediumand long‑term growth.

This article holds unique value and novelty by consolidating diverse theoretical and historical materials on the 40‑year development of the enterprise. It describes the current state, strategic development directions, and includes excerpts from previous publications in scientific and technical journals, offering a theoretical foundation for practical application in engineering, professional, and educational activities.
Ways to improve the technology for producing axle steel grades
Authors: Krasyuk O. P. , Pisarenko I. O. , Puteev V. S.
Published: January 2025

This article presents the results of efforts to improve the technology for producing continuously cast billets measuring 300×400 mm, intended for manufacturing railway axles. The necessary technological operations, modes, and conditions required to meet the specified quality requirements for the macroand microstructure of continuously cast billets have been identified. A wide range of modern research methods was employed during the study, including various techniques for assessing the macrostructure of continuously cast billets, metallographic analyses using optical and electron microscopy.
Research on factors affecting hydrogen content in steel and technological methods for its reduction in steelmaking
Authors: Shatovsky A. V. , Konovalenko S. V. , Morozov V. O. , Bondarenko I. A. , Zazyan A. S.
Published: January 2025

This article examines the impact of dissolved hydrogen in steel on the formation of flakes. A method for measuring hydrogen content in liquid steel is described. Various approaches to hydrogen removal from liquid steel during both furnace melting and secondary steel processing are explored. Particular attention is paid to technological solutions aimed at minimizing hydrogen saturation during steel casting. The study provides a detailed account of implementing a working layer lining for intermediate ladles in continuous casting machines (CCMs) using dry masses.
Investigation of the intensity of strain hardening of low‑carbon steel.
Authors: Fetisov V. P.
Published: January 2025

The influence of the deformation scheme under uniform and concentrated tension, compression and drawing on the intensity of strain hardening of low‑carbon steel with different dispersion of the structure is considered. With an increase in the grain size of ferrite, the tendency to hardening increases for all deformation schemes. Compression reduces the structural sensitivity of the intensity of strain hardening. Uniform tension enhances the intensity of hardening compared to drawing and concentrated tension, but is inferior to uniaxial compression. The breakthrough of dislocation accumulations through the subsurface layers of the wire of the stronger surface layer formed during drawing is accompanied by an increase in the density of mobile dislocations and a decrease in the intensity of strain hardening.
Influence of the grain size of rolled sparingly alloyed steel on the quality of manufacture of gears
Authors: Rudenko S. P. , Val’ko A. I. , Sandomirski S. G.
Published: January 2025

A rational set of mechanical properties and high hardenability of the diffusion layer ensure the use of sparingly alloyed steels for large‑module gears. The technology currently used by metallurgical plants for the production of hot‑rolled carburized steel does not ensure a stable production of a fine‑grained structure in products. The results of studies of rolled samples of sparingly alloyed structural steel 21KhGNMBA, heat‑treated according to different technological schemes are given. It has been established that at the same austenitic grain of the metal, rolled products from two suppliers differ significantly in the size of the actual grain. Coarse‑grained microstructure structure is explained by peculiarities of heat treatment of rolled products with long delayed cooling at incomplete annealing without recrystallization. It was obtained that the initial coarse‑grained structure of rolled products increased the tendency to grain aggregation of products during subsequent high‑temperature treatment, which led to an increase in the hardenability of steel and increased kinematic error of gears made of this rolled product.
Modeling of the internal structure of a spherical graphite inclusion in ductile cast iron and its behavior under loading
Authors: Pokrovsky A. I. , Rafalski I. V. , Lushchyk I. V.
Published: January 2025

The goal of this work is to develop a finite element model of a spherical graphite inclusion in ductile cast iron, modeling the process of its destruction under bilateral compression and verification of models by performing compression experiments.

A three‑dimensional model of a spherical graphite inclusion in ductile cast iron is developed and a finite element model that includes more than one million finite elements. It is constructed based on the assumption that in the center of the graphite inclusion there is a microscopic foreign spherical particle. According to one of the versions, it is a complex combination of oxides, sulfides and oxysulphides, the outer layer of this particle being coherent with the graphite lattice; according to another version, it is a particle of siliceous ferrite. This particle is framed by graphite, which has a polycrystalline sectoral structure in the form of pyramids with vertices diverging from the center of the particle; at the base of the pyramids are pentagons and hexagons. Each segment of the pyramid includes many graphite plates arranged parallel and layered on top of each other.

Numerical modeling of biaxial (quadrilateral) deformation of spherical graphite inclusion was carried out using the Ansys program. It is shown that the central particle is not deformed nor destroyed; the stresses in it do not exceed 53 MPa. It is demonstrated that destruction initially occurs along the boundaries of graphite pyramids, and at certain stages they are destroyed. In the longitudinal section, the displacement of the graphite planes inside the pyramids is also noticeable. The stresses in different parts of the pyramids differ by an order of magnitude and range from 14 MPa (mainly in the central part) to 192 MPa (at the edges of the graphite inclusion).

To verify the computer models, experiments were performed on the compression of ductile cast iron samples at a room temperature using a tensile testing machine. SEM studies have confirmed the sector‑pyramidal structure of a graphite inclusion with the presence of parallel planes inside the pyramids. It has been shown experimentally that, starting from a certain load, complete destruction of the pyramid‑shaped packets of graphite planes occurs. The results of modeling of quadrilateral compression adequately describe the behavior of a spherical graphite inclusion. In future, the obtained results will be used for comparison with the behavior of graphite at high‑temperature (900–1000 °C) deformation of cast iron.
Impacto de la pandemia por covid-19 sobre la frecuencia de donaciones y transfusiones en un banco de sangre peruano
Authors:   , De La Torre Ugarte Nicosia Angelo Luciano
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Determinar el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 sobre la frecuencia de donaciones y transfusiones en el banco de sangre del Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal retrospectivo analítico, usando una base de datos secundaria del Banco de sangre del Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión, valorando el número de donaciones y transfusiones por mes, entre otros. Resultados: Durante la pandemia por COVID-19 se generó una disminución en el número de donaciones en un 48.9% y del 42.6% en las solicitudes de transfusiones. Conclusiones: La pandemia por COVID-19 provocó un impacto negativo en el número de donaciones y solicitudes de transfusiones mensuales.
Adrenoleucodistrofia ligada al cromosoma x: análisis bibliométrico en Scopus hasta 2023
Authors:   , Fernandez Cuenca Bryan Gary , Lazo Coz Cesar
Published: January 2025

La adrenoleucodistrofia ligada al cromosoma X (ALD-X) es un trastorno metabólico raro que se caracteriza por una beta oxidación defectuosa de los ácidos grasos libres de cadena muy larga en los peroxisomas que causa alteración en el sistema nervioso central y las glándulas suprarrenales. La información sobre esta enfermedad aún es limitada, por lo que este estudio busca determinar la tendencia de publicaciones sobre la ALD-X. Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico con la base de datos de SCOPUS hasta 2023, obteniendo un total de 1665 artículos, la mayoría en inglés, proviniendo principalmente de Estados Unidos. Se identificaron a S. Kemp, H.W. Mosser y P. Aubourg como los autores con mayor número de artículos y colaboraciones y a la Universidad de Amsterdam como la Institución con mayor número de artículos.
Presentación de los portadores del síndrome de hipoacusia infertilidad en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño de Breña
Authors:   , Ventura Cuellar Luana Carolina , Aviles Jascha Kevin Bryan
Published: January 2025

La frecuencia del síndrome de hipoacusia-infertilidad (SHI) se sitúa en torno al 1%. La heterogeneidad genética es una de las causas de las variantes homocigóticas del número de copias (CNV) que afectan a los genes CATSPER2 y STRC, que dan lugar a la pérdida de audición e infertilidad. El objetivo es determinar la frecuencia de portadores del SHI en este país. Estudio descriptivo-transversal, donde se evaluó las historias clínicas y los resultados de aquellos pacientes que se realizaron el análisis cromosómico por micromatrices (CMA) en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño entre los años 2015-2022. Se incluyeron a todos los pacientes con CNVs que comprometan a los genes CATSPER2 y STRC, y se determinó la frecuencia de portadores y afectados mediante la Ley de Hardy-Weinberg. Se calculó sus proporciones y sus correspondientes intervalos de confianza, las diferencias de las frecuencias relativas se realizó mediante la prueba de chi cuadrado con bondad de ajuste a nivel de regiones naturales y grupos de pobreza en Perú. De 2142 pacientes, fueron incluidos 35 participantes que cumplían los criterios de selección, y se estimó que en Perú alrededor de 367, 364 podrían ser portadores del síndrome de hipoacusia-infertilidad y aproximadamente hasta 57, 442 personas podrían padecer del síndrome de hipoacusia-infertilidad. La estimación de portadores SHI es similar según otros estudios poblacionales; además existen departamentos en Perú con mayores índices de pobreza, cuyas frecuencias de portadores es mayor, lo cual permitiría el tamizaje a partir del lugar de origen.
Eficacia de la musicoterapia para controlar ansiedad y miedo en pacientes de 4 a 8 años que acuden a su primera consulta – revisión sistemática
Authors:   , Hizo Bendezu Genna Gabriela
Published: January 2025

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de la musicoterapia frente a otras modalidades de tratamiento para el control de la ansiedad y miedo en pacientes de 4 a 8 años que van a su primera consulta odontológica. Método: Una búsqueda fue realizada en cuatro bases de datos (Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed y Sciencedirect), siguiendo el formato PRISMA 2020. Resultados: Tres estudios se obtuvieron luego de aplicarse los criterios de elegibilidad, de quienes se extrajeron datos de las variables cualitativas como la ansiedad reportada por el paciente y de las variables cuantitativas como el pulso, saturación y presión arterial. Conclusión: La ansiedad dental en este grupo de edad (4-8 años) es una dificultad que se puede controlar mediante la musicoterapia, que en combinación con otros métodos no farmacológicos se ve repotenciada. Por otra parte, se recomienda que en el área odontológica se realicen más estudios sobre musicoterapia para conocer más sobre sus efectos y el tiempo aproximado de uso para que esta funcione como coadyuvante en el control de la ansiedad dental pediátrica.
Asociación entre lesiones musculoesqueléticas y sexo en deportistas de la Federación Peruana de Fútbol
Authors:   , Requena Taboada Miguel Angel , Rotta Perez Palma Jenny Raquel
Published: January 2025

El siguiente trabajo tiene como principal objetivo determinar la asociación entre lesiones musculoesqueléticas y sexo en futbolistas de la Federación Peruana de Fútbol de manera observacional, transversal y analítica a partir de una base de datos secundaria cuya información fue recolectada de futbolistas peruanos en marzo del 2019. El total de lesiones registradas durante entrenamientos y partidos fue de 156 lesiones, 63 (64,95%) de sexo femenino y 93 (83,04%) de sexo masculino. Se registró que el 82,05% de las lesiones fueron durante el entrenamiento, principalmente en hombres. La localización más frecuente de lesiones registradas fue en miembros inferiores para ambos sexos, 54,05% en hombres y 38,14% mujeres. En una regresión logística encontramos que, en un modelo ajustado, el sexo masculino tiene 3.29 la probabilidad de tener lesiones deportivas en comparación a mujeres (IC: 1.54-7.01) y en una regresión de Poisson ajustada se encontró una razón de prevalencia de 1.33 en relación con sexo masculino y sufrir lesiones deportivas a comparación del sexo femenino (IC: 1.09-1.62).
The Rise of AI Avatars: Legal Personhood, Rights and Liabilities in an Evolving Metaverse
Authors: Cheong B. Ch.
Published: January 2025

Objective: to determine the legal implications of the development of autonomous and creative AI-based avatars and to shape the direction of the discourse on the responsible management of AI technologies in the meta-universe based on proactive interdisciplinary approaches.

Methods: the research is based on a doctrinal legal approach, which allowed presenting a prospective analysis of the legal landscape in the field of AI avatars in the metaverse and to identify four key thematic areas of research: the evolution of AI avatars and the impact of the metaverse, the applicability of legal personhood, the liability for autonomous actions, and the problems of AI avatars in the field of creativity related to intellectual property and privacy.

Results: the paper presents and analyzes predictive scenarios of AI avatars maximizing their influence in the metaverse space. The author notes that the emergence of AI-based avatars in the metaverse raises complex legal, ethical, philosophical and social issues that require urgent solutions. The potential impact of the increasing complexity of AI avatars on legal approaches is considered. As avatars become increasingly autonomous, questions arise about their legal status, rights, responsibilities, risks, and benefits to humans and society. The author analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of giving AI avatars the status of legal entities, as well as applying the concept of distributed responsibility to the consequences of their actions. Special attention is paid to the possible future dominance of super-intelligent AI-based avatars in the metaverse, taking into account the existing risks and needs in the field of governance.

Scientific novelty: the article presents a new perspective on the problem of legal personality in the metaverse based on interdisciplinary analysis of the evolution of AI avatars. The research is aimed at achieving a balance between transformational potential and the protection of human rights and welfare through joint efforts. It is proposed to create legal and ethical norms that prioritize the safety and consistency of artificial intelligence technologies involved in the processes occurring in the metaverse.

Practical significance: the conclusions and proposed solutions to the legal problems of personhood and liability can become the basis for revising the concept of legal personality, developing reliable mechanisms of responsibility and accountability, as well as ensuring the protection of human rights and values in the face of increasingly powerful entities based on artificial intelligence. This is associated with the formation and improvement of the legal landscape of process management and overcoming risks in the socially oriented and inclusive ecosystem of the metaverse.
WITHDRAWN: Relationship Between Glycemic Control, Psychological Health, and Lower Extremity Functional Impairments in Post-stroke Diabetic Patients
Authors: Rauf Tooba , Shabbir Fatima , Tariq Aatika , Eman Kanzul , Jahan Saira , Ghous Misbah
Published: January 2025

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Seasonal plasticity in the thermal sensitivity of metabolism but not water loss in a fossorial ectotherm
Authors: Giacometti Danilo , Tattersall Glenn J.
Published: January 2025

Ectotherms from highly seasonal habitats should have enhanced potential for physiological plasticity to cope with climatic variability. However, whether this pattern is applicable to fossorial ectotherms, who are potentially buffered from thermal variability, is still unclear. Here, we evaluated how seasonal acclimatisation (spring vs. autumn) affected the thermal sensitivity of standard metabolic rates (SMR), rates of evaporative water loss (EWL), and skin resistance to water loss (Rs) in the spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum). We hypothesised that temperature would have both short- and long-term effects over traits (i.e., acute exposure to test temperatures and seasonal acclimatisation, respectively). After accounting for body mass and sex, we found that short-term changes in temperature led to an increase in SMR, EWL, and Rs. Additionally, SMR and Rs differed between seasons, but EWL did not. Sustaining low SMR and high Rs in the spring may allow salamanders to allocate energy toward overwintering emergence and breeding while simultaneously maximising water conservation. By contrast, maintaining high SMR and low Rs in the autumn may allow salamanders to forage aboveground on rainy nights to replenish energy reserves in preparation for the winter. Despite the common assumption that fossorial ectotherms are buffered from thermal effects, our study shows that functional differences between seasons (i.e., breeding in the spring and provisioning in the autumn) are accompanied by seasonal changes in energetic and hydroregulatory requirements.
An integrated microwave neural network for broadband computation and communication
Authors: GOVIND BAL , Anderson Maxwell , Wu Fan , McMahon Peter , Apsel Alyssa
Published: January 2025

High-bandwidth applications, from multi-gigabit communication and high-performance computing to radar signal processing, demand ever-increasing processing speeds. However, they face limitations in signal sampling and computation due to hardware and power constraints. In the microwave regime, where operating frequencies exceed the fastest clock rates, direct sampling becomes difficult, prompting interest in neuromorphic analog computing systems. We present the first demonstration of direct broadband frequency domain computing using an integrated circuit that replaces traditional analog and digital interfaces. This features a Microwave Neural Network (MNN) that operates on signals spanning tens of gigahertz, yet reprogrammed with slow, 150 MBit/sec control bitstreams. By leveraging significant nonlinearity in coupled microwave oscillators, features learned from a wide bandwidth are encoded in a comb-like spectrum spanning only a few gigahertz, enabling easy inference. We find that the MNN can search for bit sequences in arbitrary, ultra-broadband
10 GBit/sec digital data, demonstrating suitability for high-speed wireline communication.
Notably, it can emulate high-level digital functions without custom on-chip circuits, potentially replacing power-hungry sequential logic architectures. Its ability to track frequency changes over long capture times also allows for determining flight trajectories from radar returns. Furthermore, it serves as an accelerator for radio-frequency machine learning, capable of accurately classifying various encoding schemes used in wireless communication. The MNN achieves true, reconfigurable broadband computation, which has not yet been demonstrated by classical analog modalities, quantum reservoir computers using superconducting circuits, or photonic tensor cores, and avoids
the inefficiencies of electro-optic transduction. Its sub-wavelength footprint in a Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor process and sub-200 milliwatt power consumption enable seamless integration as a general-purpose analog neural processor in microwave and digital signal processing chips.
Two and a half centuries of land reclamation, intensification, and urbanization homogenized northern Belgium landscapes
Authors: De Keersmaeker Luc , Roggemans Pieter , Poelmans Lien , Priem Frederik , Taillir Stijn , Petermans Toon , Valckenborgh Jo Van
Published: January 2025

We quantified historical land-use with deep learning segmentation, applied to tiled historical maps, and identified 3 successive drivers of long-term (1774–2022) landscape transformation in northern Belgium (13,800 km2). Between 1774 and 1873, land reclamation halved the area of natural and semi-natural land-use. Agricultural intensification was the main driver in the next time interval (1873–1969), as the area of grassland and orchard doubled at the expense of arable land. Urbanization marked the last time interval (1969–2022) and reduced agricultural land-use. The reclamation of fertile soils for agriculture and the shift of forests to sand soils previously covered by heathland first increased the association of land-use classes to soil groups. After 1873 this association progressively weakened by expansion of grasslands beyond valleys and polders and urbanization disregarding soils. A sharp rise of land-use interspersion indicated that landscape transformation culminated between 1873 and 1969 and resulted in the homogenization of previously distinct landscapes.
Analysis of Biofilm Assembly by Large Area Automated AFM
Authors: Millan-Solsona Ruben , Brown Spenser R. , Zhang Lance , Madugula Sita Sirisha , Zhao HuanHuan , Dumerer Blythe , Bible Amber N. , Lavrik Nickolay V. , Vasudevan Rama K. , Biswas Arpan , Morrell-Falvey Jennifer L. , Retterer Scott , Checa Martí , Collins Liam
Published: January 2025

Biofilms are complex microbial communities critical in medical, industrial, and environmental contexts. Understanding their assembly, structure, genetic regulation, interspecies interactions, and environmental responses is key to developing effective control and mitigation strategies. While Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) offers critically important high-resolution insights on structural and functional properties at the cellular and even sub-cellular level, its limited scan range and labor-intensive nature restricts the ability to link these smaller scale features to the functional macroscale organization of the films. We begin to address this limitation by introducing an automated large area AFM approach capable of capturing high-resolution images over millimeter-scale areas, aided by machine learning for seamless image stitching, cell detection, and classification. Large area AFM is shown to provide a very detailed view of spatial heterogeneity and cellular morphology during the early stages of biofilm formation which were previously obscured. Using this approach, we examined the adhesion and organization of Pantoea sp. YR343 on PFOTS-treated glass surfaces, as a model system. Our findings reveal a preferred cellular orientation among surface-attached cells, forming a distinctive honeycomb pattern. Detailed mapping of flagella interactions suggests that flagellar coordination plays a role in biofilm assembly beyond initial attachment. Additionally, we utilized large-area AFM to characterize surface modifications on silicon substrates featuring a pillar/ridge architecture. Certain ridge spacings disrupted the honeycomb structures, underscoring the potential of this method for screening surfaces or combinatorial libraries of surface modifications to enhance our understanding and control of bacterial cell attachment and subsequent biofilm formation.
How Crystallization Additives Govern Perovskite Grain Growth.
Authors: Brinkmann Kai , Maschwitz Timo , Merten Lena , Ünlü Feray , Kotthaus Andreas , Majewski Martin , Barzoki Fatemeh Haddadi , Kreusel Cedric , Theisen Manuel , Wang Pang , Schiffer Maximilian , Weidner Henrik , Schultheis Sara , Marioth Gregor , Gidaszewski Dawid , Julliev Zavkiddin , Kneschaurek Ekaterina , Munteanu Valentin , Bertram Florian , JAFFRÈS Anaël , He Junjie , Ashurov Nigmat , Wolff Christian , Grüninger Helen , Ronsin Olivier , Harting Jens , Kirsch Stefan , Unger Eva Unger , Mathur Sanjay , Hinderhofer Alexander , Schreiber Frank , Riedl Thomas
Published: January 2025

The preparation of perovskite solar cells from the liquid phase is a cornerstone of their immense potential. However, a clear relationship between the precursor ink and the resulting perovskite is missing. Established theories, such as heterogeneous nucleation and lead complex colloid formation often prove unreliable, which has led to an overreliance on heuristics. Most high-performing perovskites use additives to control crystallization; their role during crystallization is, however, elusive. Here, we provide strong evidence that typical crystallization additives do not predominantly impact the nucleation phase, but rather facilitate coarsening grain growth by increasing ion-mobility across grain boundaries. Drawing from the insights of our unprecedentedly broad study, that combines e and in situ characterization methods, devices and simulations, we propose a concept that proves valid for various additives and perovskite formulations. Moreover, we establish a direct link between additive engineering and perovskite post-processing, offering a unified framework for advancing material design and process engineering.
Hydroxide exchange membrane carbon capture using a nickel hydroxide symmetric battery cell
Authors: Yan Yushan , Buchen James , Wang Teng , Achrai Ben , Hiegel Jean-Philippe , Gluz Naama , Artoul Maurice , Geiger Braden , Setzler Brian
Published: January 2025

Electrochemical carbon capture devices can be a low energy cost solution for direct air capture (DAC) using renewable electricity. Historically electrochemical carbon-capture has targeted a range of concentrations from atmospheric (400 ppmCO2) (DAC), 1 to life-support (5000 ppmCO2), 2 to point-source capture (10% CO2). 3 The hydroxide exchange membrane nickel hydroxide symmetric battery cell with two identical electrodes has low voltage requirements making it more suitable for DAC than other electrochemical approaches. A 25 cm 2 laboratory cell shows an average energy cost of 1.15 MWh·tonCO2 −1 and a CO2 flux of 78 kgCO2·m2·yr− 1 at 2 mA·cm− 2. A manufacturable 25 cm 2 cell is durability tested for 5000 hours and achieves an energy of 0.46 MWh·tonCO2 −1 and a flux of 62 kgCO2·m2·yr− 1 at the end of the test. A DAC pilot system with a stack of 9 scaled-up 300 cm 2 cells demonstrates an energy of 0.83 MWh·tonCO2 −1 and a flux of 75 kgCO2·m2·yr− 1 and meets the 300 Pa pressure drop required for DAC. 4 Modular design projects improvements in cost from manufacturing and economies of scale, and a pathway to below 100 $·tonCO2 −1 from learning rates of past energy technologies. 5
Decoding KGK VI Population Movements: Strontium Isotope and Proteomic Insights from the Gumelnița Site (Romania)
Authors: Tafani Aurélien , Greco Enrico , Tykot Robert H , Barbieri Pierluigi , Gaspari Marco , Gabriele Caterina , Toma Andreea , Culea Mihaela , Manea Bogdan , Darie Adelina , Opriș Vasile , Ignat Theodor , Vasile Gabriel , Bălășescu Adrian , Radu Valentin , Popescu Gabriel , Covătaru Cristina , Marin Elia , Salesse Kévin , James Hannah F. , Snoeck Christophe , Lazăr Cătălin
Published: January 2025

The Kodjadermen-Gumelnița-Karonovo VI human group (KGK VI) reached its maximal extension around 4500 BC, covering a large area comprised between southern Ukraine and northern Greece. Afterward, its distribution gradually receded, before vanishing altogether at the end of the fifth – early fourth millenniums BC. This study seeks to investigate the role of individual mobility during this process by performing strontium isotopic analyses on the human remains found at Gumelnița, Romania. It provides 87Sr/86Sr values for 21 human tooth enamel samples from 17 different individuals, together with those of 60 plant samples from 20 different locations (15 in Romania and 5 in Bulgaria) that were used to create a bioavailable strontium (BASr) baseline of the region. To obtain reliable sex estimations, proteomic analysis of amelogenin of human tooth enamel were also performed on seven individuals. According to the results, four individuals, three females and one male, should be considered as non-local, and may have spent their childhood on the southern bank of the Danube River. These data suggest that individual mobility was particularly prevalent during the last centuries of the fifth millennium, when the KGK VI complex was undergoing a process of disintegration.