bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer Vision and Image Processing Approaches for Corrosion Detection
Authors: Ali Ahmad Ali Imran Mohd , Jamaludin Shahrizan , Imran Md Mahadi Hasan , Ayob Ahmad Faisal Mohamad , Ahmad Sayyid Zainal Abidin Syed , Akhbar Mohd Faizal Ali , Suhrab Mohammed Ismail Russtam , Ramli Mohamad Riduan
Published: October 2023

Corrosion is an undesirable phenomenon resulting in material deterioration and degradation through electrochemical or chemical reactions with the surrounding environment. Additionally, corrosion presents considerable threats in both the short and long term because of its ability to create failures, leakages, and damage to materials, equipment, and environment. Despite swift technological developments, it remains difficult to determine the degrees of corrosion due to the different textures and the edgeless boundary of corrosion surfaces. Hence, there is a need to investigate the robust corrosion detection algorithms that are suitable for all degrees of corrosion. Recently, many computer vision and image processing algorithms have been developed for corrosion prediction, assessment, and detection, such as filtering, texture, color, pixelation, image enhancement, wavelet transformation, segmentation, classification, and clustering approaches. As a result, this paper reviews and discusses the state-of-the-art computer vision and image processing methods that have been developed for corrosion detection in various applications, industries, and academic research. The challenges for corrosion detection using computer vision and image processing algorithms are also explored. Finally, recommendations for future research are also detailed.
Propagation Search Algorithm: A Physics-Based Optimizer for Engineering Applications
Authors: Qais Mohammed H. , Hasanien Hany M. , Alghuwainem Saad , Loo Ka Hong
Published: October 2023

For process control in engineering applications, the fewer the coding lines of optimization algorithms, the more applications there are. Therefore, this work develops a new straightforward metaheuristic optimization algorithm named the propagation search algorithm (PSA), stirred by the wave propagation of the voltage and current along long transmission lines. The mathematical models of the voltage and current are utilized in modeling the PSA, where the voltage and current are the search agents. The propagation constant of the transmission line is the control parameter for the exploitation and exploration of the PSA. After that, the robustness of the PSA is verified using 23 famous testing functions. The statistical tests, comprising mean, standard deviation, and p-values, for 20 independent optimization experiments are utilized to confirm the robustness of the PSA to find the best result and the significant difference between the outcomes of the PSA and those of the compared algorithms. Finally, the proposed PSA is applied to find the optimum design parameters of four engineering design problems, including a three-bar truss, compression spring, pressure vessel, and welded beam. The outcomes show that the PSA converges to the best solutions very quickly, which can be applied to those applications that require a fast response.
Geary’s c and Spectral Graph Theory: A Complement
Authors: Yamada Hiroshi
Published: October 2023

Spatial autocorrelation, which describes the similarity between signals on adjacent vertices, is central to spatial science, and Geary’s c is one of the most-prominent numerical measures of it. Using concepts from spectral graph theory, this paper documents new theoretical results on the measure. MATLAB/GNU Octave user-defined functions are also provided.
Start-Up Multilayer Electro-Osmotic Flow of Maxwell Fluids through an Annular Microchannel under Hydrodynamic Slip Conditions
Authors: Valencia Cesar A. , Torres David A. , Hernández Clara G. , Escandón Juan P. , Gómez Juan R. , Vargas René O.
Published: October 2023

The present investigation analyzes the transient multilayer electro-osmotic flow through an annular microchannel with hydrophobic walls. The fluids are considered immiscible and viscoelastic, following the Maxwell rheological model. In the problem examined, the linearized Poisson–Boltzmann and Cauchy momentum equations are used to determine the electric potential distribution and the flow field, respectively. Here, different interfacial phenomena are studied through the imposed boundary conditions, such as the hydrodynamic slip and specified zeta potentials at solid–liquid interfaces, the velocity continuity, the electroviscous stresses balance, the potential difference, and the continuity of electrical displacements at the interfaces between fluids. The semi-analytic solution uses the Laplace transform theory. In the results, the velocity profiles and velocity tracking show the oscillatory behavior of flow, which strongly depends on the dimensionless relaxation time. Furthermore, the hydrodynamic slip on the channel walls contributes to the release of energy stored in the fluids due to elastic effects at the start-up of the flow. Similarly, other dimensionless parameters are also investigated. This research aims to predict the parallel flow behavior in microfluidic devices under electro-osmotic effects.
The Application of the Random Time Transformation Method to Estimate Richards Model for Tree Growth Prediction
Authors: Cornejo Óscar , Muñoz-Herrera Sebastián , Baesler Felipe , Rebolledo Rodrigo
Published: October 2023

To model dynamic systems in various situations results in an ordinary differential equation of the form dydt=g(y,t,θ), where g denotes a function and θ stands for a parameter or vector of unknown parameters that require estimation from observations. In order to consider environmental fluctuations and numerous uncontrollable factors, such as those found in forestry, a stochastic noise process ϵt may be added to the aforementioned equation. Thus, a stochastic differential equation is obtained: dYtdt=f(Yt,t,θ)+ϵt. This paper introduces a method and procedure for parameter estimation in a stochastic differential equation utilising the Richards model, facilitating growth prediction in a forest’s tree population. The fundamental concept of the approach involves assuming that a deterministic differential equation controls the development of a forest stand, and that randomness comes into play at the moment of observation. The technique is utilised in conjunction with the logistic model to examine the progression of an agricultural epidemic induced by a virus. As an alternative estimation method, we present the Random Time Transformation (RTT) method. Thus, this paper’s primary contribution is the application of the RTT method to estimate the Richards model, which has not been conducted previously. The literature often uses the logistic or Gompertz models due to difficulties in estimating the parameter form of the Richards model. Lastly, we assess the effectiveness of the RTT Method applied to the Chapman–Richards model using both simulated and real-life data.
Tunnel Boring Machine Performance Prediction Using Supervised Learning Method and Swarm Intelligence Algorithm
Authors: Yu Zhi , Li Chuanqi , Zhou Jian
Published: October 2023

This study employs a supervised learning method to predict the tunnel boring machine (TBM) penetration rate (PR) with high accuracy. To this end, the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model is optimized based on two swarm intelligence algorithms, i.e., the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) and the whale optimization algorithm (WOA). Three other machine learning models, including random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and artificial neural network (ANN) models, are also developed as the drawback. A database created in Shenzhen (China), comprising 503 entries and featuring 10 input variables and 1 output variable, was utilized to train and test the prediction models. The model development results indicate that the use of SSA and WOA has the potential to improve the XGBoost model performance in predicting the TBM performance. The performance evaluation results show that the proposed WOA-XGBoost model has achieved the most satisfactory performance by resulting in the most reliable prediction accuracy of the four performance indices. This research serves as a compelling illustration of how combined approaches, such as supervised learning methods and swarm intelligence algorithms, can enhance TBM prediction performance and can provide a reference when solving other related engineering problems.
Development of Different Kinds of Electrocatalyst for the Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Reactions: An Overview
Authors: Chen Tse-Wei , Chen Shen-Ming , Anushya Ganesan , Kannan Ramanujam , G. Al-Sehemi Abdullah , Alargarsamy Saranvignesh , Gajendran Pandi , Ramachandran Rasu
Published: October 2023

Significant advancements have been made in the development of CO2 reduction processes for applications such as electrosynthesis, energy storage, and environmental remediation. Several materials have demonstrated great potential in achieving high activity and selectivity for the desired reduction products. Nevertheless, these advancements have primarily been limited to small-scale laboratory settings, and the considerable technical obstacles associated with large-scale CO2 reduction have not received sufficient attention. Many of the researchers have been faced with persistent challenges in the catalytic process, primarily stemming from the low Faraday efficiency, high overpotential, and low limiting current density observed in the production of the desired target product. The highlighted materials possess the capability to transform CO2 into various oxygenates, including ethanol, methanol, and formates, as well as hydrocarbons such as methane and ethane. A comprehensive summary of the recent research progress on these discussed types of electrocatalysts is provided, highlighting the detailed examination of their electrocatalytic activity enhancement strategies. This serves as a valuable reference for the development of highly efficient electrocatalysts with different orientations. This review encompasses the latest developments in catalyst materials and cell designs, presenting the leading materials utilized for the conversion of CO2 into various valuable products. Corresponding designs of cells and reactors are also included to provide a comprehensive overview of the advancements in this field.
On the Jahn–Teller Effect in Silver Complexes of Dimethyl Amino Phenyl Substituted Phthalocyanine
Authors: Breza Martin
Published: October 2023

The structures of Ag complexes with dimethyl amino phenyl substituted phthalocyanine m[dmaphPcAg]q of various charges q and in the two lowest spin states m were optimized using the B3LYP method within the D4h symmetry group and its subgroups. The most stable reaction intermediate in the supposed photoinitiation reaction is 3[dmaphPcAg]−. Group-theoretical analysis of the optimized structures and of their electron states reveals two symmetry-descent mechanisms. The stable structures of maximal symmetry of complexes 1[dmaphPcAg]+, 3[dmaphPcAg]+, 2[dmaphPcAg]0, and 4[dmaphPcAg]2− correspond to the D4 group as a consequence of the pseudo-Jahn–Teller effect within unstable D4h structure. Complexes 4[dmaphPcAg]0, 1[dmaphPcAg]−, 3[dmaphPcAg]−, and 2[dmaphPcAg]2− with double degenerate electron ground states in D4h symmetry structures undergo a symmetry descent to stable structures corresponding to maximal D2 symmetry, not because of a simple Jahn–Teller effect but due to a hidden pseudo-Jahn–Teller effect (strong vibronic interaction between excited electron states). The reduction of the neutral photoinitiator causes symmetry descent to its anionic intermediate because of vibronic interactions that must significantly affect the polymerization reactions.
Phytochemical Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of the Anti-Sickle Cell Activity of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Two Medicinal Plants from Niger: Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Royle and Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth
Authors: Souleymane Harouna Dieté , Djibo Alfa Keita , Seyni Sabo Haoua , Zakaria Ousseini , Botezatu Andreea Veronica , Dinica Rodica Mihaela , Ibrahim Maman Laouali Adamou , Kouakou N’goran David Vincent
Published: October 2023

Sickle cell anaemia is a hereditary blood disorder that attacks the red blood cells and deforms them, giving them a sickle shape. Sickle cell anaemia is a serious health problem in the West African country of Niger. Moreover, the cost associated with medical care is very high. The main objective of this study is to contribute to the valorisation of Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Royle (aerial part), Kigelia africana (lam), and Benth (leaves) from Niger were used to treat sickle cell disease using aqueous and ethanolic extracts of phytochemical compounds. To achieve this objective, the evaluation of anti-sickle cell activity was carried out in vitro using the Emmel technique through the normalisation rate. The analyses showed that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts contained various classes of bioactive substances known for their valuable biological activities. The chemical composition rich in bioactive compounds led to very good results in biological assays. Thus, from a dose of 0.05 mg/mL, the ethanolic extracts of the two plants normalised up to 75% of the sickle cells. As the rate of normalisation was shown to be dose-dependent, at a dose of 10 mg/mL, the ethanolic extracts showed the best rates of sickle cell normalisation, with 95% for F. virosa and 93% for K. africana. Phytochemical screening was used to correlate the secondary metabolite and anti-sickle cell activities of the extracts from the two plants. These results may justify the use of these two species in traditional medicine for the treatment of sickle cell disease in Niger. The inclusion of these plants in phytomedicines could provide significant relief to people suffering from sickle cell disease.
Improved Laccase Encapsulation in Copper-Doped Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 for Reactive Black 5 Decolorization
Authors: Yu Shuyu , Lu Yibo , Du Dandan , Wu Rankun , Ji Xiang , Li Hao
Published: October 2023

As the largest group of synthetic dyes, azo dyes can pose various health and environmental risks due to their widespread use and challenging degradation. Laccases are efficient green biocatalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants. Herein, we report the in situ packaging of laccase in copper-doped zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) for the decolorization of reactive black 5, which is a model azo dye. The immobilization support (Cu5/mZIF-8) was obtained via lowering the precursor ratio of ZIF-8 and incorporating copper ions during the synthesis process. Cu5/mZIF-8 were found to be nanospheres with an average diameter of around 150 nm. Laccase encapsulated in Cu5/mZIF-8 showed an activity recovery of 75.6%, which was 2.2 times higher than that of the laccase embedded in ZIF-8. Meanwhile, the immobilized laccase (Lac@Cu5/mZIF-8) showed a higher catalytic activity in organic solvents than that of the free enzyme. In the presence of a mediator, Lac@Cu5/mZIF-8 could remove 95.7% of reactive black 5 in 40 min. After four consecutive cycles, the dye decolorization efficiency declined to 28%. About four transformation products of reactive black 5 were identified via LC-MS analysis, and the potential decolorization mechanism was proposed. The results indicated that the immobilized laccase could be used as an efficient biocatalyst in dye decolorization.
Enhanced YOLOv5: An Efficient Road Object Detection Method
Authors: Chen Hao , Chen Zhan , Yu Hang
Published: October 2023

Accurate identification of road objects is crucial for achieving intelligent traffic systems. However, developing efficient and accurate road object detection methods in complex traffic scenarios has always been a challenging task. The objective of this study was to improve the target detection algorithm for road object detection by enhancing the algorithm’s capability to fuse features of different scales and levels, thereby improving the accurate identification of objects in complex road scenes. We propose an improved method called the Enhanced YOLOv5 algorithm for road object detection. By introducing the Bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network (BiFPN) into the YOLOv5 algorithm, we address the challenges of multi-scale and multi-level feature fusion and enhance the detection capability for objects of different sizes. Additionally, we integrate the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) into the existing YOLOv5 model to enhance its feature representation capability. Furthermore, we employ a new non-maximum suppression technique called Distance Intersection Over Union (DIOU) to effectively address issues such as misjudgment and duplicate detection when significant overlap occurs between bounding boxes. We use mean Average Precision (mAP) and Precision (P) as evaluation metrics. Finally, experimental results on the BDD100K dataset demonstrate that the improved YOLOv5 algorithm achieves a 1.6% increase in object detection mAP, while the P value increases by 5.3%, effectively improving the accuracy and robustness of road object recognition.
Multilateral Debt Relief for Clean Ocean Energy
Authors: Telesetsky Anastasia
Published: October 2023

As states bring more and more offshore wind online and build renewable energy capacity, the promise of large-scale ocean renewables such as offshore wind is not shared equally across all coastal states. This paper examines the situation of coastal states identified by the World Bank as Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs) in the context of the boom in offshore wind investment. Specifically, the paper looks at the limited access to renewable energy production exacerbated by ongoing public debt loads, and the almost complete lack of access to clean ocean energy development for the poorest coastal states. Using statistics from the International Renewable Energy Agency and datasets from the Our World in Data project, this paper highlights that the most indebted coastal states only have access to 0.69% of the available renewable energy even though these states represent 4.6% of the global population. In the context of state responsibility for failing to meet climate obligations under the UNFCCC, this paper argues that a sovereign debt relief package offers an equitable remedy to HIPC coastal states, many of whom owe a substantial portion of their GDP as external public debt. The debt service payments would be invested in the upfront capital costs of ocean-based clean energy. These types of debt relief arrangements address international state responsibility and offer the dual co-benefits of long-term economic development and low-carbon sustainability.
The Impact of Agricultural Credit on the Growth of the Agricultural Sector in Angola
Authors: Caetano Joao Mario Augusto , de Castro Abreu Monteiro
Published: October 2023

The ultimate goal of this paper was to examine the degree of elasticity between two variables, namely, agricultural credit and agricultural growth, in Angola in the period 2003–2022. Time series data were fitted into the ARDL test using various econometric techniques such as the ADF stationarity test, the Granger causality test, and the ordinary least squares method as well as a vector error correction model (VECM) to analyze the relationship between agricultural credit and agricultural economic growth, showing a causal relationship. Both the impacts through elasticities and the optimal point existing in this relationship were estimated. It was concluded that the impact of agricultural credit on agricultural GDP was 14.41%. The Granger causality test showed signs of a positive linkage between agricultural credit and agricultural GDP. However, there is a causal relationship between agricultural credit and agricultural GDP, in a unidirectional aspect. This result is consistent with most of the earlier studies reviewed in the literature, confirming that credit-oriented monetary policies can boost economic growth and, consequently, development in Angola. It is important for agricultural credit systems to be designed in a way that ensures equitable access, fair interest rates, and appropriate risk management mechanisms. Additionally, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms should be in place to assess the environmental and social impacts of credit programs on agricultural sustainability. It is worth noting that this is a first-of-its-kind study on the matter of the Angolan credit experience, specifically for the agricultural sector. Angola is still searching for a sustainable credit model that could be used as a catalyzer to boost growth and contribute to economic development.
Research on fast optimal reference sensor placement in active road noise control
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Lu Chihua , Chen Wan , Zhu Yawei , Cheng Can
Published: October 2023

The noise reduction performance of the active road noise control (ARNC) system highly depends on the location of the reference sensors. Generally, the optimal sensor locations are evaluated by calculating the multiple coherence function (MCF) between all possible reference signal combinations
with road noise. However, this trial-and- error method becomes time-consuming when the number of candidate locations is large. The transfer path analysis method can select the optimal sensor locations quickly while with low accuracy. Therefore, this article proposes two fast optimal sensor
placement (FOSP) methods, namely, Wiener filter (WF)-FOSPand the MCF-FOSP, respectively. In both methods, the sensors are iteratively extended to the desired number, and each added sensor maximizes the predicted noise reduction of this iteration loop. Numerous ARNC simulations based on measured
signals are conducted to illustrate the performance of the proposed two methods in terms of efficiency and accuracy. The results demonstrate that the WF-FOSP method provides the best comprehensive performance. The data analysis for one operating condition takes three minutes, and the absolute
error is within 5% with respect to the benchmark. In addition, two schemes are discussed to obtain a set of sensor locations compatible with the noise reduction requirement of different operating conditions. The sensor locations can achieve a maximum average noise reduction of 7.29 dB(A) under
four operating conditions.
HAKSIZLIK YANILGISI BAĞLAMINDA “KÜLTÜREL SAVUNMA”
Authors: KILIÇ Ali Şahin
Published: October 2023

Farklı kültürel değer sistemlerine sahip kişilerin beraber yaşadığı toplumlarda, toplumun bazı üyeleri, hukuk sisteminde geçerlilik tanınan normları anlamlandırmada ve bunlara uygun davranmada sorunlarla karşılaşabilmektedir. Bu durum, kanunda tanımlanan tipik eylemi gerçekleştiren kişinin, içinde yetiştiği kültüre uygun davrandığını ve bu nedenle gerçekleştirdiği eylemin haksızlık teşkil ettiği hususunda kaçınılmaz bir hataya düştüğünü ileri sürmesi halinde, bu kişinin ceza hukuku sorumluluğunun belirlenmesi bakımından ciddi sorunlara neden olmaktadır. Kültürel savunma ile bağlantılı tartışmalar suç teorisinin pek çok alanı ile ilgili olmakla birlikte sorun genellikle kusurluluk ve haksızlık yanılgısı bağlamında ele alınmaktadır. Bu şekilde bir savunmanın, haksızlık yanılgısı kapsamında değerlendirilip değerlendirilemeyeceği hususu, mahkeme kararlarına da konu olmakta ve bu kararlar yargılama süreci de dahil olmak üzere ciddi tartışmalara yol açmaktadır. Tebliğde uygulamaya konu olmuş örneklere yer verilerek kültür, haksızlık bilinci, kusurluluk ve ceza hukuku sorumluluğu arasındaki ilişki ortaya konulacaktır.
İCRA VE İFLAS KANUNU’NUN 296’NCI MADDESİNİN BİRİNCİ FIKRASI KARŞISINDA TÜRK TİCARET KANUNU’NUN 1413’ÜNCÜ MADDESİNİN BİRİNCİ FIKRASININ AKIBETİ
Authors: HACIÖMEROĞLU Abdülhamid Oğuzhan
Published: October 2023

Her ne kadar konkordatoya ilişkin genel hükümler İcra ve İflas Kanunu’nun 285 vd. maddelerinde ihdas edilmiş olsa da diğer kanunlarda da bu konuya ilişkin hükümler vardır. Bunlardan biri sigorta sözleşmelerine özel Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nun 1413’üncü maddesidir. İcra ve İflas Kanunu’nun 296’ncı maddesinin birinci fıkrasına göre konkordato sözleşmenin feshi için haklı bir sebep sayılamazken; Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nun bahsi geçen maddesinin birinci fıkrasına göre sigorta ettiren bakımından sigortacının konkordatosu fesih için haklı sebep sayılabilir. Söz konusu iki düzenlemenin çatışma halinde olduğu kanaatindeyiz. Bu çatışma halinin, lex posterior veya lex specialis ilkelerine göre net bir çözüme kavuşturulması mümkün değildir. Bu sebeple, meselenin 7101 sayılı kanunla değiştirilen konkordatoya ilişkin hükümlerin ihdas ediliş amaçları çerçevesinde değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.
IMPULSE BUYING BEHAVIOR IN HIGHER EDUCATION: UNRAVELING THE INFLUENCE OF SITUATIONAL FACTORS
Authors: Ahmad Sarah Sabir , Zakaria Azfahanee , Husin Tanty
Published: October 2023

In today's consumer-driven society, impulse buying behaviour has become a pervasive phenomenon, influencing purchasing decisions and economic patterns across the globe. This study examines how situational factors, including store environment, product attributes, social surroundings, and accessibility variables, impact the impulse buying behaviour of students at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Kedah. Data was collected from 100 students using self-administered questionnaires and analysed using SPSS statistical software. The results revealed that three variables significantly influence students' impulsive buying tendencies. The goal of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of these situational factors contributes to the development of strategies aimed at promoting responsible purchasing habits and mitigating the potential negative consequences of impulsive buying in the digital era for UiTM Kedah students. By recognizing the drivers behind impulsive buying behaviour, educators and marketers can devise targeted interventions that encourage informed decision- making and equip students with the necessary skills to navigate impulsive buying temptations effectively. This research provides valuable insights for UiTM Kedah in addressing the challenges associated with impulsive buying behaviour among students in an ever-changing consumer landscape.
INSURANCE MARKETING STRATEGIES AND RISK PROTECTION AWARENESS AMONG SME OWNERS IN NORTHERN MALAYSIA
Authors: Muhd Yusuf Dayang Hasliza , Abdul Ghani Mohd Rosli , Jusoh Muhammad Shahar , Che Othman Muhammad Nur Azizi
Published: October 2023

The study examines the effect of 7Ps of service marketing strategies and attitude towards risks on insurance purchase behaviour of SMEs as their risk mitigation and management. Despite the failure risks among SMEs, insurance penetration rates among SMEs are low, showing low risk protection awareness. Insurers need to understand the effectiveness of service marketing strategies in influencing SME owners’ purchase behaviour. The study uses paper-based surveys among 123 SMEs in Northern Malaysia. A set of survey questionnaire was developed based on adoption and adaptation items from existing studies. Data was analysed using PLS-SEM via SmartPLS 3.0. Findings indicated that only five of the service marketing strategies, namely price, promotion, place, process, and physical evidence have significant influence on the insurance purchase behaviour. In addition, attitude towards risks fully mediates all the direct effect of the five Ps, meaning that the SMEs attitude towards risks weakens the effect of all the marketing strategies on the SMEs insurance purchase behaviour. This study makes both theoretical and practical contributions, especially in identifying the roles of external stimuli and internal process in influencing insurance purchase behaviour among SMEs. The findings of the study will provide help to agencies tasked with developing SMEs in enhancing their risks management plan to protect the SMEs in facing the highly uncertain nature of the business; as well as insurers in increasing the penetration rates of insurance among SMEs.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT ENGAGEMENT UNDER THE FLIPPED CLASSROOM MODEL
Authors: Yan Jin , Tan Choon Keong , Kifle Dg Norizah
Published: October 2023

The flipped classroom offers many positive educational outcomes. Student engagement is an important indicator for assessing the quality of education in higher education and is a key factor in the success of curriculum reform. For this reason, assessing student engagement in the flipped classroom has always been a high priority. Purpose: The main purpose of this research is to use the Flipped Learning Student Engagement Scale to measure student engagement in the flipped classroom at a China university. The scale includes four engagement sub-scales, namely behavioral engagement, peer-relationship (emotional engagement- I), relationship with the faculty member (emotional engagement- II), and cognitive engagement, with 21 items in total. The scale has good stability, internal consistency, model fit, and constructs validity. Methods: Data were elicited via a survey approach and analysed quantitatively to support the investigation. The researcher selected a random sample of 507 university students from Long Dong University, Gansu Province, China. Results: The students reported that the overall engagement was generally good. Emotional engagement was significantly higher than behavioral and cognitive engagement. There were significant differences in students' levels of student engagement in terms of college, flipped learning experience, preferred course mode, type of preparation before the flipped classroom, and level of information technology. Conclusion: The research will provide a basis for evaluating and improving the current state of flipped learning engagement and optimizing student support services.
ENGLISH LANGUAGE ANXIETY AMONG MALAYSIAN SIAMESE STUDENTS: EXPLORING THE CONTRIBUTING FACTORS
Authors: Muhamad Nasir Noormaizatul Akmar , Yaacob Nurul Husna , Ab Rashid Radzuwan
Published: October 2023

This study examined the English language anxiety of Siamese students as one of the minority ethnicities in Malaysia. The consequences of untreated anxiety and depression among students cannot be underestimated, as they are vulnerable to various social and behavioral problems, compromised learning performance, and diminished self-esteem. To delve into this issue, a total of 113 Malaysian Siamese students attending national and national type-secondary schools with a minimum of seven years of experience learning English filled up the Foreign Language Anxiety Scale (FLCAS), a popularly used instrument to measure foreign language anxiety among learners. The findings revealed items categorised under the fear of negative evaluation as the most likely to provoke anxiety among the students, whereas components covering anxieties in English tests reported the lowest. The results generally indicate that minority Siamese students view evaluation by others as more anxious than being academically tested. Hence, teachers are recommended to be more particular in planning and designing English lessons in multiracial classrooms so the anxiety-provoking vibes can be handled appropriately.
IMPACT OF GROWTH MINDSET INTERVENTION (GMI) IN ATTITUDE TOWARDS MATHS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Mohd Noh Noor Atiqah , Ma’rof Aini Marina , Mohamad Yusof Yusni
Published: October 2023

Attitude toward maths is shaped by cognitive components such as beliefs and perception. By having a positive attitude, students are more likely to embrace challenges, seek out new opportunities to learn, and develop resilience in the face of setbacks. This can open doors to a wide range of career opportunities and improve academic performance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of a growth mindset intervention (GMI) on secondary school students' attitudes towards maths by using quasi-experimental design. A total of 69 form two students from two secondary schools in Kedah, Malaysia participated and were randomly assigned to the control (n=35) or treatment group (n=34). The GMI module, consisting of seven sessions covering seven topics, was implemented in the treatment group. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS Version 26. Descriptive analysis indicated that the respondents had a moderate level of attitude towards maths. To evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention, Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) was used, while controlling for covariate variables such as math's score and gender. The results showed a significant improvement (p < .05) in the treatment group's attitudes towards maths compared to the control group in the post-test. This study highlights the importance of creating a growth-mindset-oriented classroom environment and integrating growth mindset elements into maths teaching to enhance students' beliefs about their abilities and intelligence.
Doping of 1,1-dicyano-2,2-bis(methylthio)ethylene in ZnO to improve photoresponce of organic solar cells and photodetectors under UV-cut light irradiation
Authors: Shoji Takumi , Hashida Keiju , Kaneda Masaki , Hata Ibuki , Shahiduzzaman Md. , Karakawa Makoto , Taima Tetsuya , Iiyama Koichi , Nakano Masahiro
Published: October 2023

ZnO has been utilized as the electron transport layer in organic optelectronic devices, however, the shortcoming of ZnO is that activation by UV light is essential and ZnO-based optoelectronic devices give poor photoresponse under UV-cut light irradiation. We developed 1,1-dicyano-2,2-bis(methylthio)ethylene (DBE)-doped ZnO which can be activated by visible light irradiation. The DBE-doped organic solar cells showed better photovoltaic performances under UV-cut light irradiation than those of undoped ZnO-based devices and DBE-doped photodetectors also showed better frequency response without applied voltage under monochronic laser irradiation (450 nm) than that of undoped ZnO-based ones.
Low-temperature grown MnAs/InAs/MnAs double heterostructure on GaAs (111)B by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Islam Md Tauhidul , Kabir Md Faysal , Akabori Masashi
Published: October 2023

We used MBE to grow a double heterostructure of MnAs/InAs/MnAs on GaAs(111)B at low temperature for vertical spin FET applications. To confirm the ideal development environment, we primarily prepared single InAs thick layer (∼1.2 μm) at low growth temperature (∼250 °C) with varied V/III ratio (As/In = 2, 10, 20) due to the challenge of growing InAs at much lower temperature than its usual growth temperature (∼480 °C). We measured their structural and electrical properties and found an optimum condition at V/III ratio of 10. Afterwards, we prepared the double heterostructure at low temperature (∼250 °C), again varying the As/In beam equivalent pressure ratio to find its influence on the overall quality of the structure. Using atomic force microscopy, we observed the surface roughness variation corresponding to V/III ratio variation of InAs. We confirmed the growth of three individual thick layers of MnAs and InAs by cross-sectional analysis using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Using a superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer, we found in-plane easy magnetization and observed the effect of top and bottom MnAs layers on the hysteresis curve. We also found the existence of ferromagnetic behavior of MnAs layers at RT MH measurements. The MnAs/InAs/MnAs double heterostructure on GaAs(111)B, in our opinion, has potential as a structure for spin FETs.
Resiliensi Dialogis: Gereja Liminal Memberlakukan Janji, Misi, dan Kompromi
Authors: Adiprasetya Joas , Wibowo Cahyono Budi
Published: October 2023

Artikel ini berusaha untuk merespons realitas kontemporer yang ditandai dengan situasi pascapandemi yang liminal dan penuh dengan ketidakpastian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan bekal spiritual terbaik yang dapat dimiliki oleh Gereja dalam merespons situasi pascapandemi ini. Dengan mempergunakan metode analitis dan konstruktif, artikel ini berusaha memperjumpakan eklesiologi idealis dan eklesiologi konkret. Penulis menemukan bahwa terdapat prinsip rangkap-tiga—janji, misi, dan kompromi—yang terangkum ke dalam apa yang disebut “resiliensi dialogis” sebagai sebuah spiritualitas liminal pascapandemi. Secara khusus pemikiran Susan Beaumont dan Ernst Troeltsch secara signifikan berkontribusi dalam pendalaman spiritualitas liminal rangkap-tiga tersebut.
Peran Roh Kudus dalam Inkarnasi dan Implikasi Teologis-Filosofisnya
Authors: Bembid Fransiskus Sailtus
Published: October 2023

Tulisan ini menjelaskan peran Roh Kudus dalam peristiwa inkarnasi. Ada dua masalah utama yang digeluti dalam penelitian ini, yaitu (1) apa peran Roh Kudus dalam inkarnasi dan (2) apa implikasi teologis dan filosofisnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan doktrinal. Melalui metode ini, peneliti melakukan analisis semantik terhadap teks Lukas 1:35 dan Matius 1:18 dalam perspektif katekismus Gereja Katolik. Kata yang secara khusus ditelusuri secara semantik adalah “turun atasmu,” “menaungi engkau,” dan “mengandung dari Roh Kudus.” Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Roh Kudus berperan sebagai daya kreatif dalam inkarnasi. Kedua, peran Roh Kudus memiliki implikasi signifikan terhadap teologi kristiani dan mendobrak metafisika platonian dalam perspektif aku absolut modern.
Supremasi Ketuhanan Kristus dalam Amanat Agung
Authors: Nggebu Sostenis
Published: October 2023

Problem dari artikel ini menekankan tentang penting mengedepankan konsep Ke-Tuhan-an Yesus dalam misi Amanat Agung. Tujuannya agar orang yang percaya kepada Yesus mengakui otoritas Tuhan Yesus Kristus atas kehidupan mereka dan menyembah-Nya. Studi ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka. Hasilnya, menunjukkan bahwa Ke-Tuhan-an Kristus merupakan pokok utama dalam Amanat Agung. Para rasul Yesus giat memberitakan Yesus adalah Tuhan yang telah bangkit dari antara orang mati. Berita tentang kebangkitan Kristus bukanlah dongeng atau mitos tetapi sebagai fakta otentik bagi iman Kristen. Pemberitaan tentang Kristus yang bangkit dan berdaulat atas hidup manusia mendominasi karya misi mereka yang berdampak luas hingga masa kini.
Prinsip Pengajaran 2 Timotius 3:16-17 dalam Konteks Pendidikan Modern
Authors: Waruwu Anwar Three Millenium
Published: October 2023

Pendidikan penting dalam membentuk karakter individu. Dalam konteks pendidikan modern, penerapan prinsip pengajaran 2 Timotius 3:16-17 memiliki nilai tinggi namun sering kurang optimal. Penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan prinsip ini, dampaknya terhadap karakter siswa, dan strategi praktisnya melalui pendekatan kualitatif studi pustaka. Hasil menunjukkan penerapan ini positif dalam membentuk karakter siswa. Integrasi dalam kurikulum dan metode pengajaran perlu responsif. Manfaatnya termasuk meningkatkan pembelajaran, karakter, dan etika siswa.
Artificial Intelligence in Project Management & Its Future
Authors: Savio Rajesh Dominic , Ali Jafar M.
Published: October 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a disruptive force, transforming industries and revolutionizing business processes. Among the domains significantly impacted, project management holds immense potential for transformation. AI’s integration promises intelligent automation, data-driven decision-making, and predictive capabilities, addressing challenges in traditional project management methodologies. Successful AI implementations have revolutionized project management, improving forecasting, resource allocation, and risk assessment. Despite the benefits, challenges hinder AI adoption, including data quality, investment uncertainties, workforce readiness, and change management. However, AI’s potential to address gaps in project management is substantial, enabling data-driven decisions, real-time monitoring, resource optimization, and enhanced agility. This research examines AI’s evolution, successful implementations, challenges, and potential implications, providing insights for effective AI integration in project management. Key Takeaways: • Project management is one domain that stands out as highly impacted by artificial intelligence, offering immense potential for transformation through AI integration. • AI-driven solutions in project management promise intelligent automation, data-driven decision-making, and enhanced predictive capabilities, addressing traditional methodological limitations. • Despite challenges, AI holds substantial potential to address existing gaps in project management practices.
Oral Lesions Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: An Emerging Entity Oral Healthcare Professionals Should Comprehend
Authors: Alshagroud Rana S.
Published: October 2023

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a new group of drugs that have been recently used as part of antineoplastic therapy targeting the immune system to activate the anti-tumor effect. However, as a result of this immune activity adverse events usually occur that can affect different body parts known as immune related adverse events (irAEs). In the oral and maxillofacial area, irAEs mimic many immune-mediated conditions, including oral lichen planus, mucous membrane pemphigoid, and Sjögren syndrome, among others. The aim of this review is to summarize the irAEs in oral and maxillofacial areas and to enlighten oral healthcare professionals on how to recognize these events and to be a part of the care team for patients treated with ICIs.
Monitored Anesthesia Care in Tympanoplasty a Comparative Study of Pentazocine Phenargan Combination versus Pentazocine Dexmedetomidine
Authors: Ahmad Riyaz , Ali Omais , Zehra Fakhri
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of two different drug combinations used for monitored anesthesia care (MAC) in tympanoplasty procedures. The first combination consisted of pentazocine and phenergan, while the second combination included pentazocine and dexmedetomidine. A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted on patients scheduled for tympanoplasty surgery. A total of 100 patients were randomly assigned to either the pentazocine-phenergan group or the pentazocine-dexmedetomidine group. The primary outcome measured included the level of sedation achieved, pain scores during surgery, and the incidence of adverse events such as respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, bradycardia and hypotention. The results showed that the pentazocine-dexmedetomidine combination achieved a higher sedation score and lower pain scores compared to the pentazocine-phenergan combination. Sedation score in Group PP mean RSS of 1.928571429, while Group PD had a higher mean RSS score of 3.142857143 also VAS scores in Group PP mean VAS sore of 4.542857143, and Group PD had mean VAS score of 3.285714286. However, higher incidences of adverse events were noted in Group PD compared with Group PP. In conclusion, this comparative study suggests that the pentazocine-dexmedetomidine combination may offer superior sedative effects and better analgesia compared to the pentazocine-phenergan combination during tympanoplasty with manageable adverse effects.
MEDIA FLASH CARD DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB (STUDI ATAS UPAYA PENINGKATAN KOSAKATA BAHASA ARAB PADA SISWA KELAS VII-A MTS MIFTAHUL HUDA TUBAN)
Authors: Ana Achoita Ana Achoita , Anisyah
Published: October 2023

Penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab sangat penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab, karena semakin banyak kosakata yang dimiliki seseorang maka akan semakin mudah menyampaikan dan menerima informasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan media Flash Card untuk meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab pada siswa kelas VII-A MTs Miftahul Huda Tunah Semanding Tuban. Media ini belum pernah diterapkan di lembaga Madrasah ini. Sedangkan jenis penelitiannya adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui adanya peningkatan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab siswa kelas VII-A MTs Miftahul Huda Tunah Semanding Tuban melalui penerapan media flash card. Nilai rata-rata pra siklus adalah 66,4. Kemudian setelah peneliti mengadakan tindakan kelas siklus I terjadi peningkatan sebesar 73,3. Sedangkan untuk siklus II juga mengalami peningkatan, awalnya nilai rata-rata pada siklus I adalah 73,3, sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-ratanya meningkat menjadi 77. Dalam hal ini peningkatan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Arab kelas siswa VII-A cukup baik.
Implementation of OTA in 90nm Technology with Bandgap Reference Application
Authors: Halesh M R  , Pavan S  , Pappuru Tejaswini
Published: October 2023

Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) is the basic building block of Analog circuit with linear input/output characteristics. Because it associates closely linked parameters like noise and settling performance, the current design methodologies for two-stage OTAs frequently result in sub-optimal solutions. The study discusses the implementation of an Operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) with a bandgap reference (BGR) circuit and its importance in providing a stable and accurate reference voltage for various analog and digital circuits. The combination of OTA and BGR provides a stable and accurate reference voltage that can be used in various analog and digital circuits. OTAs are used to drive high capacitive loads. To scale the dimensions of Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology requires proportional scaling, also taking supply voltage into consideration. In addition to the simplicity and strong performance that the Band Gap Reference (BGR) achieves as a load for the OTA circuit, the architecture of OTA with BGR as load is easily adaptable to attain high accuracy. Because the performance of the used amplifier has a significant impact on the OTA’s performance, consideration must be given to the design and its architecture. Therefore, it is essential to carry out a comparison analysis in order to get the optimal results of the outputs of OTA having BGR as the load.
Synergies and Challenges: Integrating Machine Learning, Blockchain Technology, and Regulatory Frameworks in Biomedical Cybersecurity
Authors: Rahul Kumar Jha  , Amit Patel  , Birendra Kumar Shah
Published: October 2023

This study explores the integration of machine learning, blockchain technology, and regulatory frameworks in biomedical cybersecurity. It highlights the potential of machine learning in enhancing biomedical device and healthcare information system security, while blockchain technology is crucial for ensuring security, integrity, and privacy in healthcare data management. The study also examines the global regulatory framework for biological cybersecurity, identifying challenges, gaps, and best practices. The analysis includes case studies, effective integration strategies, and future research directions. The report concludes with a synthesis of best practices and suggestions, offering valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare practitioners, and technology developers in the field of biomedical cybersecurity.