bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Povezanost časovne perspektive z osebnostnimi lastnostmi in subjektivnim blagostanjem
Authors: Podlogar Tina , Bajec Boštjan
Published: December 2024

Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kakšna je povezanost šestih dimenzij časovne perspektive ter uravnoteženosti časovne perspektive z osebnostnimi lastnostmi in subjektivnim blagostanjem. Izhajala sva iz predpostavke, da je časovna perspektiva tesno povezana z osebnostnimi lastnostmi in subjektivnim blagostanjem. Za Zahodni svet naj bi bila optimalna t.i. uravnotežena časovna perspektiva, ki vključuje srednje visoko izraženost hedonistnične sedanjosti in prihodnosti, visoko izraženost pozitivne preteklosti ter nizko izraženost negativne preteklosti in fatalistične sedanjosti, pri čemer je zelo pomembna tudi posameznikova sposobnost prilagajanja trenutni situaciji. Ljudje z uravnoteženim profilom časovne perspektive tako iz preteklosti črpajo mnoge pozitivne spomine, v sedanjosti odkrivajo dovolj priložnosti za sprostitev in užitek, hkrati pa v prihodnosti iščejo nove izzive, kar jim daje motivacijo za trdo delo. Tako naj bi se bolje znašli v življenju in bili srečnejši od ljudi z drugačnimi profili, zaradi česar sva predpostavljala pozitivno povezanost uravnotežene časovne perspektive s pozitivnimi osebnostnimi lastnostmi in visoko izraženostjo subjektivnega blagostanja. V študiji je sodelovalo 279 študentov različnih smeri Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani, katerih povprečna starost je bila 21,2 let. Rezultati kažejo na povezanost pozitivnih dimenzij časovne perspektive in uravnoteženosti časovne perspektive z ekstravertnostjo, sprejemljivostjo, vestnostjo in višjo izraženostjo subjektivnega blagostanja, na drugi strani pa negativnih dimenzij časovne perspektive z nevroticizmom ter nižjo izraženostjo subjektivnega blagostanja in depresivnostjo. Uravnoteženost časovne perspektive se je izkazala za zelo pomemben napovedni dejavnik za stopnjo posameznikovega zadovoljstva z življenjem, pomembna deleža variance pa pojasnjuje tudi pri napovedovanju pozitivne emocionalnosti in depresivnosti.
Ravni analize občutka "dejavnega sebe": vplivi zaznanega nadzora na učenje
Authors: Chatman Ljubica , Sparrow Betsy
Published: December 2024

Posameznikov občutek nadzora je bil v psihologiji prvotno konceptualiziran bodisi kot lastnost, atribucijski stil ali prepričanje o lastni samo-učinkovitosti. Novejše raziskave na področju socialne kognicije se osredinjajo na proces oblikovanja lastne vzročnosti in kako se iz te poraja občutek dejavnega sebe. Izhodišče te raziskave so procesi, ki vodijo k izkušnji dejavnega sebe, kot so denimo vizija, propriocepcija, socialni atributi in z dejavostjo povezane misli. Z iznajdbo funkcionalne magnetne resonance (fMRI) je bil dosežen napredek v razumevanju nevronskih substratov, ki implicirajo oblikovanje lastne vzročnosti. Analiza različnih pristopov in metodologije za preučevanje občutka dejavnega sebe kaže na razvoj v smislu širitve in natančnejšega razumevanja zaznanega nadzora in njegovega vpliva na učenje.
Razvoj in perspektive pedagoške psihologije v Sloveniji
Authors: Žagar Drago , Juriševič Mojca
Published: December 2024

V prispevku je predstavljen razvoj pedagoške psihologije kot znanstvene discipline v svetu, nato pa je natančneje opisano njeno nastajanje v Sloveniji. Izpostavljena so ključna znanstveno-raziskovalna in strokovna področja delovanja pedagoških psihologov. Dejstvo je, da ima pedagoška psihologija v širšem evropsko-ameriškem psihološkem prostoru razmeroma dolgo tradicijo, v Sloveniji pa precej krajšo. Kljub temu analiza različnih virov kaže, da se pedagoška psihologija v Sloveniji s svojimi prispevki suvereno umešča v sodobne mednarodne tokove, tako po področjih obravnavanih pedagoškopsiholoških problemov kot po metodologiji njihovega raziskovanja. Slovenski pedagoški psihologi danes s svojim raziskovalnim, pedagoškim in strokovnim delom pomembno prispevajo k razumevanju, kakovosti in razvoju pedagoške prakse.
Globalna priljubljenost kognitivno-vedenjske terapije
Authors: M. Dattilio Frank
Published: December 2024

Prispevek obravnava učinkovitost kognitivno-vedenjske terapije in njeno naraščajočo svetovno priljubljenost pri obravnavi širokega spektra čustvenih in vedenjskih motenj v različnih kulturah. Obravnava možnosti njene uporabe v različnih kulturnih okoljih in nadaljnji razvoj kognitivno- vedenjske terapije.
STOCK RETURN: MODERATION OF FIRM SIZE ON THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL DISTRESS
Authors: Madina Salsabila Mumtaz
Published: December 2024

Munculnya pandemi Covid-19 merugikan berbagai sektor bisnis, yang berdampak pada hilangnya investor karena kecilnya return saham yang diberikan perusahaan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh financial distress terhadap return saham, menggunakan variabel pemoderasi berupa ukuran perusahaan. Objek penelitian merupakan perusahaan sektor transportasi dan logistik yang ter-listing dalam Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2019-2021, didapatkan 57 sampel, melalui eliminasi perusahaan yang tidak memenuhi kriteria. Penelitian bersifat kuantitatif, memanfaatkan data sekunder berupa laporan tahunan perusahaan, didapatkan melalui situs web masing-masing perusahaan. Data dianalisis menggunakan bantuan SPSS Versi 23. Temuan penelitian membuktikan return saham tidak dipengaruhi oleh financial distress. Selain itu, ukuran perusahaan juga tidak mampu berperan sebagai variabel moderasi.
The Effect of Institutional Quality and Macroeconomics Variables on Non-Performing Loans in Developing Countries
Authors: Fajariyanto Muhammad Bagja , Wasiaturrahma Wasiaturrahma
Published: December 2024

This study intends to examine how institutional quality and macroeconomic factors affect non-performing loans within developing countries in 2010–2019. The estimation results employing the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) method reveal that the institutional quality variable with a proxy for the government effectiveness index and regulatory quality index has a significant effect with a negative coefficient on the non-performing loans ratio (NPL). Moreover, macroeconomic variables such as inflation, unemployment, and real interest rates significantly affect NPL. In contrast, economic growth has a significant negative effect on NPL. Policymakers should focus on creating effective regulations to reduce NPLs. The government can make clear, consistent, and transparent regulations to promote a strong and competitive private sector.
Comparative Effects of Profitability and Risk Management on Financial Stability in A Dual Banking System: Does Yield Matter?
Authors: Nur Izza M. Yusril Hafidz , Putri Amila Zamzabila
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine the impact of risk management and profitability on the stability of conventional and Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia and to assess whether yield can moderate this effect. The research analyzes data from Indonesian Sharia and conventional commercial banks from 2016 to 2023 using fixed-effects panel data regression with robust standard errors. The findings reveal that Sharia banks exhibit greater risk resilience than conventional banks, demonstrating a lower probability of instability. Additionally, yield enhances the effect of non-performing financing (NPF) on bank stability in Sharia banks and mitigates the impact of non-performing loans (NPL) in conventional banks. These results offer valuable insights for policymakers and contribute to the literature by highlighting the need for a balanced approach to ensure that bank profitability enhances stability rather than undermines it. It underscores that higher profits are not inherently beneficial, nor are lower profits necessarily detrimental. Banks must strike a balance, maintain public trust, and promote prudent risk management to achieve long-term stability.
The Role of Government Effectiveness Boosting The Influence of Financial Development and International Trade in ASEAN-5 Country
Authors: Humanita Salwa Nabella Aksi , Endraswati Hikmah
Published: December 2024

The main focus of this study is the crucial role of an effective government in managing financial development and its impact on international trade. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of government intervention in moderating the effect of financial development on international trade in the ASEAN-5 region. Annual panel data covering the period 1997-2023 of ASEAN-5 countries will be used in the analysis. The proposed analysis method is Panel Data Regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) using EViews version 10. The results show that financial development measured using the proxy of bank deposits and liquid liabilities can significantly affect international trade. In contrast, when measured using bank credit, it has a significant negative effect. Government effectiveness can strengthen the influence of bank credit and liquid liabilities on international trade. In contrast, bank deposits can weaken it because the effectiveness of the government in regulating and developing the financial system can interfere with the openness of international trade.
Comparison of Stock Portfolio Performance of Conventional Banks and Islamic Banks Using Sharpe Ratio, Treynor Ratio, and Jensen Ratio (2021-2023)
Authors: Abidah Asiska Nur , Pratiwi Putri Hidayanti , Oftafiana Triya , Aswad Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Before purchasing shares on the stock exchange, potential investors and investors need to measure the performance of the stock portfolio of companies listed on the stock exchange to identify the level of return to be received and whether the level of return is comparable to the risk borne to maximize the return. Along with the development of the Islamic sector in Indonesia, the stock exchange is filled with conventional stocks and Islamic stocks owned by companies that operate based on Islamic principles. Some researchers have different opinions regarding which stock performance is superior between Islamic and conventional stocks. This study aims to measure the performance of stock portfolios in Islamic banking and conventional banking and then compare the performance of both. This study used samples of conventional commercial banks such as BPTN Bank, Bukopin Bank, and CIMB Niaga Bank. At the same time, Islamic Commercial Banks were BPTN Syariah Bank, Panin Dubai Syariah Bank, and Bank Syariah Indonesia. The research methods used to measure stock portfolio performance are the Sharpe Method, Treynor Method, and Jensen Method. The study results show that the performance of the stock portfolio in conventional commercial banks using the Sharpe index, Treynor index, and Jensen index for 2021 to 2023 is superior to that of Islamic commercial banks.
Exploring Export Potential and Green Economic Practices in Archipelagic Regions
Authors: Salafin Syarifatus , Afifah Uswatun Nurul , Faradis Royhan
Published: December 2024

The leading exports of the island provinces still rely on primary goods rather than derivative goods. The exploitation of nature continues to be a strategy for island regions to enhance economic growth, but this approach does not promote a sustainable economy. This research aims to further describe the export commodities that remain dominant in provinces with archipelagic topography and to examine in greater detail the impact of these export activities on environmental resilience. The research methodology employs panel data regression with the Environmental Quality Index (EQI) serving as the dependent variable. The analysis reveals that economic activities, particularly exports, collectively influence the EQI. Furthermore, the research findings indicate a tendency for a weak relationship between superior commodity export activities and labor absorption.
Sex differences in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ho James KH , Thurairajah Prem H , Leo Jazleen , Huang Daniel QY , Fan Kristie H
Published: December 2024

Disparities in the prevalence, progression and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma between males and females are well documented, which stem from a complex interplay of various factors. Sex-specific lifestyle, behavioral and psycho-socioeconomic influences, combined with intrinsic hormonal and genetic differences, significantly impact the process of hepatocarcinogenesis. These factors are further augmented by epigenetic mechanisms and co-factors such as hepatitis B and C infections, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms driving these clear sex differences, in order to optimize future prevention and treatment strategies.
The emerging role of GLP-1 receptor agonists in treating or preventing cancer
Authors: Benjamin David J. , Von Hoff Daniel D.
Published: December 2024

With the growing incidence of obesity-related malignancies, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists represent an intriguing potential clinical avenue for cancer prevention and treatment. Population-based data suggest that individuals who have taken GLP-1 receptor agonists have a decreased incidence of obesity-related cancers. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated the antitumor activity of these agents independent of other antineoplastic therapeutics. Additionally, other pre-clinical studies have shown that GLP-1 receptor agonists may help overcome resistance to chemotherapy-refractory cancer cells, thus demonstrating a plausible role in cancer treatment. Randomized controlled trials utilizing GLP-1 receptor agonists in both cancer prevention and treatment may allow for a better understanding of the role of these agents in modern oncology.
PENGARUH PUPUK IKAN RUCAH DAN KANDANG PADA TANAH GARAMAN LAHAN BASAH TERHADAP BEBERAPA SIFAT TANAH SERTA HASIL TANAMAN SISTEM POT
Authors: Fachruzi Ismed , Kurnain Akhmad , Hadi Abdul , Sofyan Antar
Published: December 2024

The nature of the soil studied in the wetland area (coastal) is massive (solid) and saline, less fertile for horticultural crops such as shallots and mustard greens. Experiments using the original soil mixed with quartz sand (35% w/w), leached with ion-free water (3 liters/kg/pot), the irrigation method is soaked-drown it (1/3 of the height of the bottom of the pot) and treated with 5% organic fertilizer (w/w) in the form of fish manure (bycatch) mixed with water hyacinth-Eichornia crassipes (RE) or rice husk (RM) and manure from broiler chicken manure. Treatment per pot: K (control) = original soil (1 kg); RE = (35 g trash + 15 g water hyacinth); RM = (35 g trash + 15 g rice husk); Chicken Manure A1=50 g/pot and, A2 =100 g/pot. The results are as follows: (1) Soil properties: The highest soil water absorption content is in A1 and A2; The lowest bulk density is in A2, RE, RM; The highest pH is in RM; and the highest EC (or DHL) and does not differ in A2, RE, or R; The highest exchangeable K, Na, Ca are in A2 and exchangeable Mg are not affected; The highest organic C is in A2, the highest total N is in A2 or RM, and the lowest C/N is in RM; (2) Mustard plant properties for the age of 4-6 weeks after planting (MST): the highest plant height, the largest number of leaves, and the largest number of leaf areas are in A1 or A2, and (3) Shallot plant properties for plant height and number of shallot leaves at the age of 4, 5, and 6 MST: the highest in K, A1, or A2. Overall, the A1 or A2 treatment, namely the application of chicken manure 50-100 g/pot/kg of soil is the highet (best) result.
How Does Board Gender Diversity Impact Firm Performance? The Mediation Effect of Dividend Payout Ratio
Authors: Candy Candy , Joycelin Joycelin , Hesniati Hesniati , Cuandra Fendy
Published: December 2024

This study looks at how the dividend payout ratio acts as a mediating factor between the impact of gender diversity on the board and firm performance. The percentage of female commissioners, female executive directors, female independent directors, and female directors served as a proxy for board gender diversity. In the meantime, return on equity and assets are used to gauge the company's performance. Using secondary data from the financial and annual reports of sample firms posted on the official IDX website (www.idx.co.id) and company websites, a quantitative technique was used to research companies indexed in the IDX High Dividend 20 between 2018 and 2022. Panel regression is the analysis technique employed. The E-Views application is utilized for data processing and testing. Board gender diversity, especially the percentage of female directors (FDP), has a positive effect on the DPR. On the other hand, firm performance as measured through ROA and ROE is not influenced by DPR. The presence of female independent directors (FID) contributes positively to firm performance as measured through ROA, while firm performance as measured through ROE is positively influenced by female directors (FDP).
CREATIVE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT MODEL THROUGH INCREASED INNOVATION AND PERFORMANCE AND ITS IMPACT ON COMPETITIVENESS IN SOUTH BANGKA DISTRICT
Authors: Reniati  , Meidarina Yunfin  , Hamsani
Published: December 2024

This study is a creative economy development model through increasing innovation and performance and its impact on competitiveness in South Bangka Regency which aims to analyze the influence of creativity, competence, government access (capital), infrastructure and competitiveness on innovation and creative economy performance, analyze the influence of innovation on creative economy performance, and the influence of performance on competitiveness using quantitative methods with a sample of 95 creative economy actors in South Bangka Regency. The multivariate analysis used in this study is Structural Equation Modeling with the Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) technique.. The results of the analysis show that the creativity variable has an indirect influence on competitiveness through the performance variable. The infrastructure and market access variables also have an indirect influence on the variables through the performance variable, as well as indirectly on competitiveness through the innovation and performance variables.
MANAJEMEN PENGEMBANGAN WISATA
Authors: Said Laila Refiana , Azizah Fathia
Published: December 2024

Pariwisata memegang peranan penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia, menyumbang 4,1% terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) pada tahun 2022, dengan pendapatan devisa yang meningkat signifikan. Kalimantan Selatan, dengan kekayaan budaya dan alamnya, memiliki potensi besar dalam sektor ini, namun tantangan seperti aksesibilitas dan pengembangan komunitas ramah lingkungan perlu diatasi untuk memaksimalkan manfaatnya. Murung Batu Laba di Kabupaten Banjar adalah salah satu destinasi yang menjanjikan namun mengalami masalah aksesibilitas, terutama saat musim hujan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran pemerintah, kendala perjalanan, dan pengaruh influencer media sosial terhadap minat wisatawan dengan citra destinasi sebagai variabel mediasi. Menggunakan metode mixed method, penelitian ini menggabungkan analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Analisis kualitatif mendeskripsikan potensi kawasan dan strategi pengembangannya, sementara analisis kuantitatif menginvestigasi hubungan antar variabel penelitian. Pengumpulan kuantitatif data dilakukan melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada 180 responden pengguna Instagram dan TikTok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran pemerintah dan influencer media sosial memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap minat berkunjung, sedangkan kendala perjalanan berpengaruh negatif. Citra destinasi juga berperan signifikan dalam meningkatkan minat kunjungan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya strategi pengembangan yang efektif dan pemanfaatan media sosial untuk mempromosikan destinasi serta memperbaiki aksesibilitas untuk menarik lebih banyak wisatawan.
Performance of infiltration wells in commercial building along the Kaliurang Road, Yogyakarta, between km 12 – 13 in 2017
Authors: Yuni Astuti Sri Amini
Published: December 2024

Previous studies have shown that incorporating infiltration wells into drainage systems can significantly reduce surface runoff. However, the actual effectiveness of these wells in absorbing rainfall remains uncertain. This article evaluates the performance of infiltration wells installed at commercial buildings along Kaliurang Road (km 12–13) in 2017. Precipitation data was collected from the nearest weather stations: Kemput, Beran, and Bronggang. The design of the infiltration wells followed the Sunjoto technique, utilizing rainfall data from 2001 to 2020 to determine the rainfall intensity for a 5-year return period. To assess the wells' efficiency, daily rainfall data was converted to hourly data using Tadashi Tanimoto's method. The flow rate from rainfall on the roof was compared with the capacity of the infiltration wells. In 2017, the wells' capacity exceeded the flow rate on 363 out of 365 days, demonstrating an exceptionally high-performance rate of 99.45%. On September 28 and November 28, 2017, however, the wells were unable to handle the rainfall due to insufficient capacity.
Formal Calculation of Binomial Coefficients
Authors: Ji Peng
Published: December 2024

Formal Calculation provides formulas for computing nested sums, offers results for all three forms, and explores the connections between them. It is a powerful tool for studying various numbers in a unified manner, making special numbers of many kinds appear ordinary. Additionally, this paper generalizes Wilson's theorem, Wolstenholme's theorem, and the Eulerian polynomial, demonstrating that they are merely special cases.
Optimizing Chickpea Cooking Water (Aquafaba): Enhancing Superior Foaming and Emulsifying Properties through Varied Reheating Protocols
Authors: Koriyama Takako , Iijima Kumiko , Hosoya Takahiro
Published: December 2024

Aquafaba, the viscous liquid obtained from cooking chickpeas, has gained significant attention in the food industry due to its remarkable foaming and emulsifying properties, positioning it as a promising plant-based alternative to egg whites. This study investigated the effects of reheating on aquafaba's functional properties, with a focus on its compositional concentration and molecular structural changes. Reheating was found to enhance both foaming and emulsifying capacities, with the most favorable results observed when the remaining liquid ratio was adjusted to 70–50%. Detailed molecular size analysis identified proteins and carbohydrates in the 30–100 kDa range as critical contributors to foam formation and stability. Furthermore, enzymatic treatments revealed that the synergistic interactions among proteins, pectins, and carbohydrates are key to aquafaba's multifunctionality, enabling it to replicate the desirable properties of egg whites in various food applications. These findings not only advance our understanding of aquafaba's molecular mechanisms but also demonstrate the potential of reheating as a practical strategy to optimize its properties for a wider range of culinary and industrial uses. This study underscores aquafaba's versatility and highlights its role as a sustainable, plant-based ingredient capable of meeting the growing demand for vegan and allergen-free food products.
Real-Time Communication Aid System for Korean Dysarthric Speech
Authors: Park Kwanghyun , Hong Jungpyo
Published: December 2024

Dysarthria is a speech disorder characterized by difficulties in articulation and vocalization due to impaired control of the articulatory system. Around 30% of individuals with speech disorders have dysarthria, facing significant communication challenges. Existing assistive tools for dysarthria either require additional manipulation or only provide word-level speech support, limiting their ability to support effective communication in real-world situations. Thus, this paper proposes a real-time communication aid system that converts sentence-level Korean dysarthric speech to non-dysarthric normal speech. The proposed system consists of two main parts in cascading form. Specifically, a Korean Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model is trained with dysarthric utterances using a conformer-based architecture and the graph transducer network - connectionist temporal classification algorithm, significantly enhancing recognition performance over previous models. Subsequently, a Korean Text-To-Speech (TTS) model based on Jointly Training FastSpeech2 and HiFi-GAN for End-to-End Text-to-Speech (JETS) is pipelined to synthesize high-quality non-dysarthric normal speech. These models are integrated into a single system on an app server, which receives 5-10 seconds of dysarthric speech and converts it to normal speech after 2-3 seconds. This can provide a practical communication aid for people with dysarthria.
Padre migrando con sus hijos
Authors: Castellanos Suárez Viviana
Published: December 2024

La migración de un hombre acompañado de sus hijos apenas comienza, carecen de estructura social, legal, asistencial, comparten el mismo nombre, esto es su fortaleza, la resiliencia aparece para mitigar lo vivido. De los tres flujos migratorios mundiales está México-Estados Unidos, se desconoce cuántos y quiénes son, de modo indirecto se sabe por cifras de asegurados y devueltos a su origen, una presencia destacada por su ausencia, son migrantes irregulares, se llaman también de a pie o migrantes que no importan.
Naturaleza, desarrollo, ¿o ambas? Corredor energético y ética ambiental taoísta
Authors: Espinoza Reyes
Published: December 2024

En este breve artículo planteo un análisis del conflicto entre una ética ambiental basada en el taoísmo y la lógica del desarrollo urbano.
Evaluación científica y el Sistema Nacional de Investigadores
Authors: Olivas-Ávila José Alonso , Musi Lechuga Bertha
Published: December 2024

En esta breve discusión, nos centraremos en comentar algunas reflexiones en cuanto al panorama de la producción científica, el sistema de evaluación por pares en el Conacyt y sus consecuencias en la publicación para el acceso y permanencia en el Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI).
Una revisión sobre el estudio de los valores
Authors: García Rodríguez Eugenio
Published: December 2024

El estudio de los valores sociales ha trascendido debido a su influencia en lo individual, en lo social y en lo cultural...
Chihuahua y el derecho al libre desarrollo de la personalidad
Authors: Camarillo Hinojosa Jesús Antonio
Published: December 2024

Un decreto para reformar la Constitución Política de Chihuahua causó polémica en la entidad en los últimos días. En el artículo 3°, fracción V, se buscaba incorporar el derecho a la autodeterminación y al libre desarrollo de la personalidad. Para que una reforma a la Constitución local se lleve a cabo es necesario que al menos 20 ayuntamientos que representan el 50 por ciento de la población de la entidad la aprueben.
Opinión pública, políticas gubernamentales y presión inmigratoria en la Unión Europea
Authors: Abreu Colombri José Antonio
Published: December 2024

En las últimas tres décadas se ha producido una profunda trasformación de la políticas migratorias de la Unión Europea. Mientras la comunicación institucional de la autoridades euroepas sigue ensalzando el compromiso europeo con los derechos humanos, las libertades individuales y los valores democráticos, la realidad política apunta en dirección opuesta. La crisis migratoria de los últimos años ha alimentado un intenso debate entre la opinión pública, que está horadando la identidad institucional de la Unión Europea.
A New Method to Simulate and Evaluate Asphaltene Plugging Risk in Oil Wells
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhang Dongxiao , Wang Hao , Lun Zengmin , Wang Haitao , Hu Wei , Cui Maolei
Published: December 2024

Asphaltene is normally present in crude oils. Usually, it is dissolved in the bulk oil phase. However, due to the changes in pressure and temperature, asphaltenes may precipitate in the wellbore during production. It would cause well plugging under certain conditions, which is a severe and common problem for many oil production wells. Asphaltene plugging could lead to the decrease of the well productivity and it requires extra well treatment costs for the removal of the deposits. To prevent asphaltene plugging, it is important to investigate its mechanisms and develop a method to evaluate the asphaltene plugging risk for production wells.

A new method is developed in this paper to characterize the phase behavior and to simulate the migration dynamics of asphaltenes in oil wells. Accordingly, a graded asphaltene plugging risk evaluation system is also established, and a case study of a deep oil well in northwest China is performed to validate this method. The simulation results demonstrate a good agreement with the field data. Several prevention and control suggestions are proposed based on field experiences and the analysis of the asphaltene plugging behavior.
Projected climate zone shifts could undermine the effectiveness of global protected areas for biodiversity conservation by the mid-to-late century
Authors: Cui Diyang , Frazier Amy , Liang Shunlin , Roehrdanz Patrick , Hurtt George , Zhu Zhiliang , Wang Dongdong
Published: December 2024

Climate change is driving broad-scale redistribution of species and is expected to accelerate in the coming decades, potentially undermining the effectiveness of protected areas (PAs) for biodiversity conservation. To assess exposure of global PAs to future climate risks, we develop a high-resolution climate change velocity measure to quantify climate zone shifts under future climate scenarios. We find that by mid-century, around 20% of global protected land area is projected to undergo climate zone shifts under all scenarios. Under RCP 8.5, the rate of climate zone velocity will continue to accelerate through the end of this century, potentially impacting 40% of existing PA land area. 15% of these climate zone shifts will terminate outside the existing PA network and into human-modified areas, and about 15% of protected land area will be exposed to novel and disappearing climates, potentially undermining the effectiveness of the existing network. Strategic and adaptive conservation planning that explicitly considers climate zone shifts will enable greater resilience for conservation interventions under climate change.
A 2-Million-Year Record of Amazon Climate
Authors: de Oliveira Allan , Silva Cleverson , Ferreira Fabricio , Chiessi Cristiano , Fritz Sherilyn , Dwyer Gary , Kern Andrea , Rigsby Catherine , Portilho-Ramos Rodrigo , Broda James , Giosan Liviu , Kochhann Marcus Vinicius , Baker Paul
Published: December 2024

During the Quaternary Period, major fluctuations between wet and dry climate have been implicated in the expansion and contraction of the Amazon forests and associated changes in their biodiversity. Yet, most of the Quaternary Period in the Amazon remains poorly known because of the complete lack of long geologic records from the Amazon basin. Here we reconstruct Amazon climate spanning the last ~1.93 million years (myr) from a piston core collected offshore of the mouth of the Amazon River. High-resolution titanium-to-calcium (Ti/Ca) and iron-to-potassium (Fe/K) values of sediments register a secular increase with time, reaching highest mean values in the past ~400 thousand years (ka). We interpret these trends to indicate a secular increase of precipitation and runoff during the Quaternary integrated over the entire Amazon basin. On shorter, orbital, timescales higher mean values of Ti/Ca and Fe/K, thus higher precipitation and runoff, occur during glacial stages, likely forced by millennial North Atlantic cold events (such as Heinrich stadials) that were far more numerous during glacial stages than during interglacials. A similar explanation is valid for the secular wetting trend: the increased amplitude and number of millennial North Atlantic cold events in the late Pleistocene, especially after ca. 650 ka, forced a proportionately larger Amazon mean climate response. Our finding of wetter, cold glacial stages is contrary to the paradigm of a drier Amazon during glacial stages but is consistent with the direction of a future, warmer and drier Amazon predicted by global climate models.
A Smart Manufacturing Paradigm for Robotic WeldingProcess Optimization through Machine Learning
Authors: A Abdul Azeez Khan. , K Javubar Sathick
Published: December 2024

The welding process has significant importance across several sectors, as it guarantees integrated components’ structuralsoundness and dependability. Robotic welding, distinguished by the use of automated procedures facilitated by robotic arms,has garnered considerable recognition due to its exceptional accuracy and productivity. The conventional techniques needhelp attaining the most favourable welding results due to workpiece location and trajectory accuracy. The need arises for theadvancement of sophisticated optimization methodologies. This paper presents a smart manufacturing paradigm to tackle theproblem using Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Welding Process Optimization (RL-RWPO). The RL-RWPO frameworkcombines Vision-Based and CAD-Based methodologies, facilitating a holistic comprehension of the workpiece and its intendedarrangement. Using 3-D calibration and workpiece placement techniques significantly improves the precision of weldingprocesses. Reinforcement Learning is used in trajectory optimization to ensure accurate and efficient welding operations. Theresults of the simulation indicate significant enhancements, as seen by the average Weld Seam Quality of 93.27%, WeldingSpeed of 50.51 mm/s, Weld Penetration Depth of 5.25 mm, Trajectory Accuracy of 3.04 mm, and Welding Efficiency of 91.52%.The RL-RWPO method can improve the effectiveness and excellence of robotic welding practices in several industrial sectors.
Ultrafast structural dynamics of doped silicate glasses in extreme environments
Authors: Madhavi Meera , Jangid Rahul , Yin Danqi , Smith Scott , Mehta Jugal , Cheng Yu Hsing , Rao Pooja , Doss Karan , Hauke Brittney , Gerace Katy , Jeppson Spencer , Botu Surya , Yousefi Saeed , Ocampo Ian , Kim Donghoon , Pandolfi Silvia , Cunningham Eric , Heimann Phil , Khaghani Dimitri , Lee Hae Ja , Spaulding Dylan , Mauro John , Gleason Arianna , Kukreja Roopali
Published: December 2024

Composition and network structure of doped silicate glasses can strongly dictate the material
properties including dynamic behavior in extreme conditions. The fundamental understanding of
the role of network structure and related atomic-scale mechanisms are crucial for a wide range of
phenomena including planetary interiors and formation, processes underpinning core-mantle boundary
dynamics, and high-performance glasses for military and aerospace applications. While the high
pressure-temperature phase diagram of pure silica has been widely studied, the behavior of compositionally
modified silicate glasses has been extrapolated based on pure silica, and direct evidence
based on structural measurements has been lacking. Using time-resolved x-ray diffraction and laserdriven
shock compression, we directly resolved nanosecond structural dynamics in silicate glasses
doped with network forming cations (borosilicate glass) and network modifying cations (soda-lime
glass). From 40 to 60 GPa, distinct polymorphic behavior strongly dependent on network structure
is observed. Borosilicate glass undergoes polymorphic phase transitions with crystal symmetry
strongly dependent on the pressure, while soda-lime glass undergoes modification of coordination
number but no change in global crystal symmetry. Above 70 GPa, the responses of both glasses are
independent of the network structure with a resultant diaplectic (shocked-produced densified) glass
phase. These results establish novel and complex phase diagram of doped silicate glasses from 40
to 312 GPa.
Scaling Geochronologies
Authors: Lovejoy Shaun , Davies Rhisiart , Spiridonov Andrej , Hebert Raphaël , Lambert Fabrice
Published: December 2024

Much of our knowledge of the Earth’s past is gleaned by interpreting varying layers in outcrops, cores drilled through lake and ocean sediments, and sheets of rock and ice. These were laid down under highly variable conditions and their stratigraphy generally include gaps of all sizes1. Since erosion, sedimentation, aggradation, denudation and progradation rates of sediment sources and sinks operate over wide ranges of scale2, the simplest hypothesis is that they are scaling in accord with scaling Holocene and Quaternary climate records3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13. In this study, we analyze chronologies and proxies from records spanning the Holocene, Quaternary, and Phanerozoic, focusing on the measurement density, the number of measurements per unit time, that we quantitatively characterize in a multifractal framework. This density is a new and distinct multi-scale proxy that can be used to understand the evolution of Earth’s system history. Implicitly, it includes information on the absence of evidence, thus – paradoxically - providing positive information about the structure of non-recorded history, a significant phenomenon that can be quantified in its own right. We also analyze the scaling of the probability distributions of the inter - measurement time intervals and show that completeness of the records decreases with the number of measurements, thus quantitatively explaining the Sadler effect14,15,16,2,17.
Privacy Preserving Activity Recognition Framework for High Performance Smart Systems
Authors: Zamil Mohammed GH. I. AL , Samarah Samer M.
Published: December 2024

Remote recognition of human activities has revolutionized the healthcare industry by enabling smart monitoring of patients at their residents. However, such systems often expose sensitive data, making them vulnerable to breaches. Preserving data confidentiality is a problem that remains underexplored in smart activity recognition, despite its important in preserving patients’ privacy. This paper aims to develop an optimized feature augmentation technique using fractional derivatives to increase data uncertainty for improved confidentiality, while maintaining acceptable classification accuracy. A key challenge in this domain is the balancing of privacy and performance. To achieve this goal, the proposed framework utilizes multilayer perceptron neural networks that are used to embed multiple modalities of data and integrate them into a coherent structure. Validation was performed using five state-of-the-art classification techniques to measure the performance of the proposed framework in terms of classification accuracy and data confidentiality. The results elevate the potential of the proposed methodology to enable quality healthcare services in terms of confidentiality and performance.
Transformer-based Travel Time Estimation Method for Plateau and Mountainous Environments
Authors: Qu Guangjun , Zhou Kefa , Wang Rui , Li Dong , Lu Yingpeng , Lv Zhihong , Zhao Dequan , Zhang Aijun , Zhang Qing
Published: December 2024

Current research and applications on travel time estimation primarily concentrate on urban scenarios and are unable to fulfil the necessary criteria in regions characterized by plateau and mountainous topography. In this study, a set of terrain-weather features, comprising attributes of terrain and weather, was devised to reflect the factors influencing the travel time in such settings, catering for predicating travel times in those environments. A Transformer-based travel time estimation model was developed, which can improve the estimation accuracy in paths with extensive trajectory points by leveraging the long-distance dependency capture capabilities. A meta-learning strategy was employed to enhance the model's generalization ability and ensure its applicability to accurate estimation in a range of challenging environments. The experimental results substantiated the superior performance and applicability of the proposed method and demonstrated that it is capable of meeting the travel time estimation requirements in complex environments.
Disruption of CPSF6 enhances cellular permissivity to HIV-1 infection through alternative polyadenylation
Authors: Hultquist Judd , Cornish Daphne , Jackson-Jones Kathryn , Ling-Hu Ted , Simons Lacy , Cisneros William , Kuffour Edmund , Agnes Francesca , Lee Yujin , Bieniasz Paul , Lorenzo-Redondo Ramon
Published: December 2024

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) relies upon a broad array of host factors in order to replicate and evade the host antiviral response1. Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 6 (CPSF6) is one such host factor that is recruited by incoming HIV-1 cores to regulate trafficking2, nuclear import3-5, uncoating6, and integration site selection4,6-11. Despite these well-described roles, the impact of CPSF6 perturbation on HIV-1 infectivity varies considerably by cell type. Here, we report that CPSF6 knock-out in primary CD4+ T cells leads to increased permissivity to HIV-1 infection due to broad transcriptional reprogramming. Knock-out of CPSF6 results in widespread differential gene expression, including downregulation of genes involved in the innate immune response and enhanced expression of the HIV-1 co-receptors. Accordingly, these cells are less responsive to interferon and express lower levels of antiretroviral restriction factors, including TRIM5α. These transcriptional changes are linked to global shortening of mRNA 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs) through alternative polyadenylation (APA), which is triggered by disruption of the CPSF6-containing Cleavage Factor Im (CFIm) complex12,13. Furthermore, we find that recruitment of CPSF6 by HIV-1 cores is sufficient to perturb CPSF6 function, leading to 3’ UTR shortening and subsequent transcriptional rewiring. These results suggest a novel mechanism by which HIV-1 transcriptionally reprograms CD4+ T cells through recruitment of CPSF6 to circumvent the innate immune response and enhance permissivity to infection.
Numerical simulations and experimental analysis of high-speed turnout rails wear models
Authors: Li Jincheng , Qi Yayun , Wu Hao , Zhong Hao
Published: December 2024

This study analyzed different contact theories and models for simulating rail wear in the turnout areas. The typical cross-sections of the high-speed turnout switch and frog areas are selected. Normal and tangential contact models of wheel-rail are compared. A vehicle-turnout coupling dynamic model is developed in the turnout area considering the actual rail profile, the continuous traction force, and the running resistance. In addition, different wear models, update steps, wear superposition, and filtering methods are investigated in the turnout area. A simulation program in the turnout area for rail wear damage is established and compared with experimental data. The results demonstrate that the normal Half-Hertz model and the tangential Half-Hertz-based FASTSIM algorithm suit the wheel-rail contact in the turnout area. The wear model based on wear work is selected for simulating wear in the turnout area with a updating wear step size of 0.05 mm. The proposed model provides accurate rail wear values in the turnout area compared to the traditional models.
Influence of Zn/Co ratio and calcination temperature on the visible light-driven photoelectrocatalytic properties of ZnCoIn-LDOs for the reduction of Cr(VI)
Authors: Wang Junxiang , Wang Xu , Zhou Xindong , He Qingming , Li Ruoyun , Li Penghui , Guo Lin , Duan Haodong , Yang Hui
Published: December 2024

A series of ZnCoIn-LDOs were successfully prepared by the calcination of ZnCoIn-LDHs precursors under different Zn/Co ratios and temperatures. The composition, structure and visible light response of the composites were systematically investigated. Photoelectric catalytic performance test showed that the optimal Zn/Co/In ratio and calcination temperature were 2:1:1 and 550 °C, respectively. After 100 minutes of photoelectrocatalytic reaction under simulated sunlight exposure, Cr(VI) conversion rate reached 100%. According to the characterization of ZnCoIn-LDOs, it was revealed that the composites had typical p-n heterojunction structure which was beneficial for the transfer and transmission of photogenerated electrons and suppressing the complexation of electron-hole pairs effectively. In addition, appropriate Zn/Co/In ratio and calcination temperature significantly reduced the forbidden band width of the composites and thus improved the electron leap and the photocatalytic performance on the reduction of Cr(VI). Finally, a possible mechanism for the reduction of Cr(VI) was proposed by free radical analysis. It can be concluded that ·H plays an important role in the catalytic reduction of Cr(VI) in solution. In summary, the present work provides a promising method for the preparation of efficient photocatalytic electrode using ZnCoIn-LDOs, which can be used in photoelectrocatalytic reduction field.
Association Between Dexmedetomidine Use and Outcomes in Intensive Care Unit Patients with Sepsis: A Cohort Study
Authors: Su Chunxia , Mao Xiaoyu , Li Mengqian , Li Zhisong , Xia Li
Published: December 2024

Sepsis is a fatal illness worldwide, particularly in the intensive care unit(ICU), and effective treatments for sepsis are currently scarce. The sedative medicine dexmedetomidine(DEX) has been found to reduce mortality in septic rats. Nevertheless, the association between DEX and mortality in septic patients remains disputed. We aimed to assess the relationship between the two. In this cohort study, We included patients with sepsis from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-Ⅳ database between 2008 and 2019. The primary outcome was overall in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality and length of hospital stay (hospital LOS). We used multivariable Cox regression and propensity score analyses to obtain an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence. A total of 22633 sepsis patients were included, of whom 51.53% were female. DEX use was associated with lower overall in-hospital mortality [12.8% vs. 15.7%,HR 0.55; P < 0.001], reduced 30-day mortality [14.1% vs. 19.7%,HR 0.51;P < 0.001], and longer hospital LOS [13.7 d vs. 7.7 d,HR 6.51; P < 0.001]. The results are consistent across sensitivity and subgroup analyses, as well as propensity score matching. DEX use may be linked to decreased risk-adjusted mortality in sepsis patients. Additional clinical research is needed to confirm and validate this connection.
Cannabidiol attenuates lipid metabolism and induces CB1 receptor-mediated ER stress associated apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Fu Xuanhe , Yu Zhixiong , Fang Fang , Zhou Weiping , Bai Yuxin , Jiang Zhongjia , Yang Biao , Sun Ye , Tian Xing , Liu Guangyan
Published: December 2024

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most deadly gynecological tumor. OC cells utilize cellular metabolic reprogramming to gain a survival advantage, particularly through aberrant lipid metabolic process. As the primary ingredient in exogenous cannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) has been shown to exert anticancer effects in several cancers. However, it is still unclear whether CBD can disrupt fatty acid metabolism and induce apoptosis in OC cells. In this study, we have demonstrated that CBD significantly inhibits the proliferation of OCs through a dependence on cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R). Lipidomics and flow cytometry analysis revealed that CBD has the ability to decrease fatty acid levels and significantly suppress the transcription of genes involved in fatty acid uptake and synthesis in ES-2 cells. In addition, the analysis from RNA-seq and real-time RT-PCR revealed that CBD activated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway. Conversely, by supplementation with unsaturated fatty acid or blocking CB1R, ER stress or reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals with specific inhibitors could significantly relieve CBD induced a dose-dependent ER stress associated apoptosis, G0-G1 phase arrest, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Taken collectively, these data indicate that CBD may disrupt lipid metabolism, and lead to ER stress-related apoptosis in OCs. Our findings may provide a theoretical mechanism for anti-ovarian cancer using CBD.