bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grenzen der Automobilität?
Authors: Läpple Dieter
Published: September 2018

Mobility mostly is identified with the overcoming of spatial obstacles and in this sense equated with automobility. However on the level of society, the net result of the progress of automobile oriented traffic-systems is not a reductio of time but an extension of spatial structures and a reinforced segregation of urban functions. This leads to growing traffic and reinforced dependency on the possession of an automobile. The only limit to this traffic-system is ist own success, which leads to the destruction of social and ecological space. The author asks for a new conceptualization of space: space should no longer be regarded as an obstacle (in the sense of distance), which has tobe annihilated, but as a social potentiality (in the sense ofliving and working context), which has tobe reevaluated.
Eurologistik, » Europäische« Verkehrspolitik und die Entwicklung eines transnationalen (Güter-) Transportsystems
Authors: Plehwe Dieter
Published: September 2018

The paper discusses the transformation of national transport systems in Europe into a transnational European system. While the modern transportation revolution is frequently cited as independent variable to support the globalization thesis, the way transport systems function is by and !arge ignored. Examining the transport system as dependent variable allows to show that global internalization is strongly restricted because of political and economic reasons. The market radical however pragmatic approach of neoliberal govemments in Europe has expanded mechanisms of market and state regulations of transportation at the European level both to meet of competing centers of the triad and the demands of !arge industrial and trading companies in search of logistical rationalization strategies.
Wider die allgemeine Mobilmachung Europas
Authors: Spangenberg Joachim , Spitzner Meike
Published: September 2018

Die gegenwärtige Gestaltung unserer Transportsysteme und ihrer Preise subventioniert die Globalisierung »ins Haus herein«, reduziert politische Gestaltungsspielräume, kostet als allgemeine Mobilmachung die letzten »Puffern an natürlichen, menschlichen und sozialen Ressourcen und trägt auch zu einer Verfestigung geschlechtshierarchischer Arbeitsteilung bei. Demgegenüber werden Alternativen für eine Verkehrswende diskutiert, die gleichermaßen Ökologie und Geschlechtergerechtigkeit berücksichtigen.
Vom Mythos internationaler Solidarität
Authors: Koch-Baumgarten Sigrid
Published: September 2018

The article analyses the attempts of trade unions organized in the International Transportworkers' Federation (ITF) to establish a system of multinational industrial relations and collective bargaining in the flags-ofconvenience shipping. Although based on egoistic national special interests and without formal restrictions on national souvereignity the co-operation leads to an international regime. lt regulates the rights to organize and represent crews in industrial relations, minimum standards for working conditions and incomes, and procedures for the multinational decisionmaking process and management of conflicts. The trade unions, regulating about 20% of flags-of-convenience shipping, suceeded in establishing a multinational control of national collective bargaining. This success is based on an imbalance of power between trade unions of industrialised and developing countries within the ITF and on specific conditions in transport industry, and therefore not transferable to other industries.
Regionalstrukturen Ostmitteleuropas im Transformationsprozeß
Authors: Krätke Stefan
Published: September 2018

The »opening of the East« has led to a restructuring of the regional system in East-Central Europe. West European corporations spread out their locations of production activity over the extended European economic space. The formation of »branch plant economies« is not the only development path to be expected for the regions of East-Central Europe - the differentiation of westem corporation's investment strategies and the regions' different capacities for transformation are leading to a significant variation ofregional development paths.
Kuba: Die Reform von innen, die nicht stattfand
Authors: Hoffmann Bert
Published: September 2018

Over the last 3 or 4 years, a new spirit of debate and controversy over the problems and future perspectives of Cuban socialism has emerged within the academic establishment of the island. However, in march last year the Politburo of Cuba's Communist Party launched an aggressive» ideological crusade« against this development, labe!ling it »subversive«, »dangerous deviation« and »the emergence of fifth-columnism in Cuba«. The obective of the article is, first, to sketch the outlines of this intellectual debate by reviewing the most central academic publications as weil on the necessary economic reform steps as on the political and social aspects of Cuba's current c1isis, and, second, to draw - one year after the sadly famous campaign of the Politburo - a first balance of its consequences.
Editorial: Zurück zur Landwirtschaft
Authors: Redaktion Prokla
Published: September 2018

Editorial: Zurück zur Landwirtschaft
Die Vermarktung der Artenvielfalt
Authors: Guha Ramchandra , Martinez-Alier Juan
Published: September 2018

The influence of multinational seed companies threatens traditional agroecology and may support genetic erosion. The paper asks how biological diversity could be defended: By ecologically extended markets, in which new property rights to genetic resources are sold, or by ecological movements that seek to impose the maintenance of biological diversity a priori and only then calculate economic costs?
Ein feministischer Blick auf Wasser
Authors: Aithal Vathsala
Published: September 2018

Water is a structural element of Indian society. Colonial interventions not only destroyed the ecosystems but also disappropriated the rights of the people to use and control the commons. With no changes in the post-colonial period women in their productive and reproductive mies are the most affected by the consequences of waterscarcity and drought. Many development projects not only failed to address the longterm strategic gender needs but also failed to meet even the practical need of providing water. Initiatives of women's groups however do combine their struggle for water with issues of equity and gender justice.
Schutz der Umwelt durch Abbau des Agrarprotektionismus der EU?
Authors: Rauch Tanja
Published: September 2018

The opening ofthe European agricultural market will become a crucial challenge facing the European Community in the years to come. Attempts at reform have so far proofed insufficent. Especially ecologically orientated reforms will certainly contribute to secure european farmers an economic perspective.
Die Transformation der Landwirtschaft in Ostdeutschland und ihre Folgen für die Agrarpolitik und die berufständische Interessenvertretung
Authors: Clasen Ralf
Published: September 2018

This paper analyzes the transition of the agricultural sector in East Germany from 1990 to 1997. One preliminary finding is that the East-German agrarian structure differs in several respects from the one in the westem part of the country. The author argues that it was due to the strategic behavior of the political actors during the transition that conflicts of interest caused by structural divergency were avoided. Most important in this respect was the policy choice of the West German farmers' interest organization. In order to maintain its representational monopoly, it managed to integrale East German farmers by modifying the ideological basis of membership integration and the instruments of rhetoric used in the past. By integrating East German farmers into the sectoral policy network, intranational conflicts over state transfers were avoided and East Gennan agriculture found itself in a good position to improve its competitiveness and its influence on the reform ofnational and European agricultural policies.
Landwirtschaft und Ökologie im Kapital
Authors: Jacobs Kurt
Published: September 2018

Rethinking Marx' final emphasize on machinery and modern industry in Capital - that capitalist production develops technology only by sapping the original sources of all wealth, the soil and the labourer - the article argues, that the Marxian Critique of Political Economy has to be distinguished from its industrialist interpretation in marxist traditions.
Das »Neuseeland-Wundern: Schicksal oder Märchen?
Authors: Gleeson Brendan
Published: September 2018

This paper critically examines the political-economic reform programme which New Zealand has undertaken since 1984. Many observers, both in New Zealand and overseas, have argued that all Western countries must eventually follow New Zealand down this neo-liberal reform path. The paper argues against this view, showing that the New Zealand reforms have mostly failed to achieve their purpose; a fact which is already lessening their international appeal.
Alter Wein in neuen Schläuchen: ein bitterer Nachgeschmack
Authors: Chomsky Noam
Published: September 2018

In history, neoliberal experiments like that in New Zealand proofed to be a »bad idea« for the subjects, but not for the designers and local elites associated with them. lf we look at the advanced countries (Western Europe, Japan, USA) we can find that they developed without such experiments, but with the support of a »nanny-state«. Only when they became strong enough, they praised the principles of »free market«.
Manna und Moneten
Authors: Armanski Gerhard
Published: September 2018

Mass tourism emerged in the 20th century. lts social and economic content has to be analysed in connection with social changes and stratification of capitalist societies in this century. Tourism as a developing strategy for Third World countries is rather problematic: the greater part of income, generated by tourism industries remains in the developed countries from where the tourists start.
Editorial: StadTRaum
Authors: Redaktion Prokla
Published: September 2018

Editorial: StadTRaum
Berlin - Los Angeles
Authors: Mayer Margit
Published: September 2018

This article explores the possible future ofunified Berlin against the backdrop of other advanced metropoles, particularly Los Angeles, using some of the findings of global city research as weil as that of L.A. school to shed light on the incipient developments of greater Berlin: industrial restructuring, growing intemationalization, de- and reconstruction of spatial configurations, and the intensifying economic and social polarization as trends which Berlin shares with other metropoles adjusting to globalization pressures, even though it does not play in the league of global cities.
Die Restrukturierung staatlichen Raums
Authors: Brenner Neil
Published: September 2018

Drawing upon Lefebvre's theory of state space, this essay interprets currently unfolding transformations of state form as a reconfiguration of the spatial scales on which state power is deployed. Various transformations of regional and urban planning policies in the FRG since the early 1970s indicate the state's crucial role in the production and restructuring of social space in an era of intensified globalization. The major role ofregional and local state institutions as both agents and sites of capitalist restructuring suggests that contemporary territorial states are not being eroded or dissolved in the face of globalization but re-scaled and reterritorialized.
Natürlich städtisch: Stadtumwelten nach dem Fordismus
Authors: Graham John , Keil Roger
Published: September 2018

In contrast to past practices of building cities against nature, today, nature is being reinserted into the urbanization process in new, although often contradictory ways. Reinsertion of nature in postfordist cities does not mean that the Fordist city was 'unnatural' or that cities after Fordism are more 'ecologically sustainable'. Rather, it signals an important transformation in the forms of urban growth. Some of the major aspects of cities' natures at the end of the millennium are shown, using current trends and events in the Toronto urban region.
Moskau: Das politische Regime der russischen Hauptstadt
Authors: Brie Michael
Published: September 2018

The analyses of the post-Soviet political transformation are dominated by a comparison of the actual processes occurring in the East European countries with highly normative and often ahistorical models of democracy. Specific historical legacies, incompetent or pro-Communist actors, and the lack of sufficient help from the West were made responsible for the observed deviations from the ideal. The concept used in this paper is that of a realistic model of urban machines as a specific local political regime which can be found under very divergent circumstances of rapid social change. lt is a regime where a political organization under conditions ofuniversal (at least male) suffrage is able to control the 'input' and 'output' dimensions of a local political system over a longer period of time. Its most important feature is a system of mass patronage which is the key instrument used in forming a winning coalition. This concept is applied to post-Soviel Moscow, analyzing the institutional and cultural environment and the political and economic formations.
Sag' mir, wo Du wohnst, und ich sag' Dir, wer Du bist!
Authors: Dangschat Jens S.
Published: September 2018

After a brief reminder of the first aims of segregation as a core problem of urban and regional sciences the descriptive, explaining and valorizing aspects of three schools (human ecology, new urban sociology and feminist sociology) are critically analyzed. Generally, the underlying theory of social inequalities is weak, a social understanding of space is missed and the functional interrelations between the neighbourhoods are neglected.
Politisierung der Kunst
Authors: Hieber Lutz
Published: September 2018

AIDS Coalition To Unleash Power (ACT UP) was the most significant and forceful political movement in USA throughout the last decade. Its achievements are closely linked to the cultural conditions of its place of origin: the artistic Avantgarde in New York City. ACT UP's concepts and starting points will be introduced. The discussion of this movement will also be used to throw a critical light on the political culture ofthe FRG.
Editorial: S(t)andOrt Berlin
Authors: Redaktion Prokla
Published: September 2018

Editorial: S(t)andOrt Berlin
»Vom Ende der Stadt als staatlicher Veranstaltung«
Authors: Heeg Susanne
Published: September 2018

The focus of this article are the shifts in the political forms and expressions of urban politics due to a neoliberal restructuring. It is argued that these trends consist in a transition from a distribution-oriented to an entrepreneurial, globally oriented city. This is connected to a reformulation of city images and a discourse about deregulation, privatization and market-led policies. Even the atypical case of Berlin can serve as an example of this transition.
Von Subventionsmentalitäten und Metropolenträumen
Authors: Seiler Günter
Published: September 2018

The article analyses reasons of economic depression in Berlin focussing on subvention policies in former West- Berlin and problems of unification. It is shown that the economic policy of the Berlin citygovernment is unable to cop with the economic challenges. Some alternative concepts are sketched.
»Bubble-politics« in Berlin
Authors: Lenhardt Karin
Published: September 2018

The urban development strategy of local politicians in Berlin after the »Wende« can be characterized as »bubble-politics« attracting international developers and investors with the vision of a prosperous global city. The paper stresses the key role of the KOAI, a secretly operating toplevel administrative agency, in accelerating privatization processes in the eastern central district »Berlin-Mitte«. The orchestration of parallel public debates on the construction and/or reconstruction of Berlin-Mitte were nothing but a camouflage for the real decision-making processes happening behind closed doors.
Berliner Wagenburgen: Transformation peripherer Räume, Stigmatisierung sozialer Gruppen und die Abwehr von Marginalisierung
Authors: Sambale Jens , Veith Dominik
Published: September 2018

This article focuses on the transformation of peripheral spaces in Berlin and the stigmatization of collective living arrangements within this process. The marginalization of the Berlin inner-city laagers (Wagenburgen) and the strategies and tactics they employ to confront this hegemonic project shed a light upon the complex set of relations between spaces, identities and resistance in the process of urbanization. A second topic is the formation of NIMBYism in Berlin in the process of suburbanization. The tensions arising between the inner-city and suburbanites articulate a new set of conflicts in Berlin politics. Regulating inner-city contradictions on the suburban fringe is history. The conflict concerning the (relocation of) laagers serves as just one example - but the most advanced for the time being.
Neue Sicherheitsstrukturen im »neuen« Berlin
Authors: Eick Volker
Published: September 2018

In Berlin (and other big cities) private security agencies are growing rapidly. The expansion of their activity-fields, especially in public spaces, tends to transform the state monopol of legal power in a »private public partnership«. As a consequence public spaces get more and more under private control. Unwelcome groups like poor or homeless people are excluded from using these places.
No Gangs – Gangs No
Authors: Jähner Uli
Published: September 2018

During the last two decades growing social tensions had a large impact on youth culture. The spreaded notion of gangs shows increasing gangfascination but in contrast to US american cities in Berlin youth violence is not embedded in the patterns of a criminal economy. The distribution of juvenile delinquents and juvenile violence in town is analysed and a new social pathology of violence, which is transgressing the rivaling subcultures, is sketched: bluring the difference between earnest and game.
Karl Marx, ein klassischer Ökonom?
Authors: Hein Eckhard
Published: September 2018

In Marxian economic analysis, especially in the theories of accumulation and crisis, money and a monetary rate of interest are usually introduced as only modifying elements after the dominant tendencies have been derived from real analysis. Contrary to such an interpretation this paper starts from the observation that there is solid ground for monetary analysis in Marx’s economics especially if his theory of value is understood as a monetary theory of value. The role of credit and the relation between the interest rate and the rate of profit in Marx’s theory are discussed and compared to post-keynesian approaches. Finally, the implications of Marx’s monetary analysis for the theory of capital accumulation are analysed and it is shown that no general laws of accumulation can be derived when the independence of accumulation from savings in a credit-money-economy and the effects of an exogenously determined rate of interest are introduced.
Editorial: Globalisierung und Gender
Authors: Young Brigitte
Published: September 2018

Editorial: Globalisierung und Gender
Genderregime und Staat in der globalen Netzwerk-Ökonomie
Authors: Young Brigitte
Published: September 2018

The articles starts with a critique of the present feminist state theories and argues that the framework is no longer adequate to comprehend the gendered process of global restructuring. Relying on the insights of the French Regulation School, the author suggests that specific regimes of accumulation generate specific gender regimes and gender orders. While the dominant discourse around restructuring remains wedded to a largely gender-neutral paradigm, the paper points out that the rise of the global network economy has not only altered the fordist accumulation regime, it has also undermined and changed the gender relations that characterized fordism. The effects of these changes are not altogether negative for women; they are ambiguous and vary according to race and class.
Überlegungen zu einer feministischen Analyse der globalen Wirtschaft
Authors: Sassen Saskia
Published: September 2018

The article contributes to a feminist analytics that allows us to reconceptualize major features of today's global economy in a manner that captures strategic instantiations of gendering and formal and operational openings that make women visible. Two strategic research sites are specified: the unbundling of exclusive territoriality and the unbundling of sovereignty under the impact of globalization.
Koreanische Frauen in der globalen Ökonomie
Authors: Yoon Bang-Soon
Published: September 2018

The paper analyzes the gender implications of South Korea’s industrialization in terms of women’s employment. Of particular interest is the relationship between women’s educational levels, marital status, and employment patterns as South Korea’s industrialization proceeds. Included in the analysis is the type of South Korea’s industrialization, the role of the state, the role of the local corporate culture, and the impact of the global economy.
Frauenarbeit in Freien Exportzonen
Authors: Wick Ingeborg
Published: September 2018

The article gives a review of the existing export processing zones all over the world. The biggest part of the labor force of such zones are young women, who work under bad conditions. Wages are low and usually trade unions are suppressed.
Migration, Prostitution, Frauenhandel
Authors: Helwes Frauke
Published: September 2018

The efficiency of the United Nations Convention for the Supression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others is discussed within the context of the significance of exchanging women between men for the symbolic order. German politics to prostitution is regarded in a wider context of the gender contract in the state. The discourse of inner security, which dominates the public debate about trafficking in women as a form of female migration, invites the author to reflect the moral charakter of interests, frontiers and trans-alliances, of splittings and blindings.
Japan und die globale Sexindustrie
Authors: Hanochi Seiko
Published: September 2018

The paper analyzes the historical process, which led to the globalization of sex-trade in Japan. It is shown that there is a line from the traditional state regulated brothel system to the military system of sexual slavery in occupied countries (the so-called »comfort women«) in the thirties and forties and to the commercial sex-industry and trafficking in the eighties and nineties. With the changing economic and political role of Japan in this century the sex-trade of Japan also took new forms.
Der Kalte Krieg und die Asienkrise
Authors: Johnson Chalmers
Published: September 2018

The Cold War relationships in Asia are an important reason for the present crisis. They caused serious overcapacities throughout the Asian region. Moreover, by devaluating their currency China and Japan had strongly improved their competitiveness against the »Asian Tigers«. When foreign capital was pulled out of these economies, it came to liquidity crunch. For overcoming the crisis not only financial measures but new relationships in the Pacific region are necessary.
Virtuelles Interview mit Robert Guttmann
Authors: O'Connor James
Published: September 2018

The Asian crisis and the US interests in dealing with the crises are analyzed. The crisis itself is much more than only a financial crisis. It may indicate a new phase in the evolution of capitalism, the emergence of a more competitive capitalism organized on a global level.
Die moderne ökonomische Theorie und die Kapitaltheorie von Marx
Authors: Schabacker Klaus
Published: September 2018

This article examines Marx’ contribution to the development of economic theory covering the notion of equilibrium, input-output analysis, aggregation, the theory of price determination and distribution. It argues that the so called transformation problem usually related to Marxian theory proves to be a special kind of the more general aggregation problem, which forms a component part of any theory of prices. As changes in the distribution of income generate a new system of prices thereby affecting aggregate values, the distribution of income and the level of economic activity are disconnected.
Editorial: Osteuropa und der Westen
Authors: Redaktion Prokla
Published: September 2018

Editorial: Osteuropa und der Westen
Ökonomische Transformation, Staat und moralische Ressourcen in den post-sozialistischen Gesellschaften
Authors: Tatur Melanie
Published: September 2018

Using Staniszkis' concept of »political capitalism« a frame for a comparative analysis of transformation trajectories is built. Different forms of political capitalism are defined by specific characteristics of the state, but also different patterns of cultural integration are taken into consideration. The efficiency of democratic institutions depends especially on such frames.
Postkommunismus
Authors: Staniszkis Jadwiga
Published: September 2018

Three dimensions of the emerging postcommunist order are analysed: the institutional infrastructure of markets (especially »political capitalism«), the sphere of politics (especially the structural weakness of the postcommunist state), and the developmental dilemmas as a consequence of accelerated integration in the EU. Many roots of this problems are to find in the economic and political changes of the last communist decade.
Die DM ist tot! Es lebe der Euro!?
Authors: Altvater Elmar
Published: September 2018

The paper compares the German currency reform in 1948, the German monetary union in 1990, and the European currency union in 1999. Because of special national and international conditions the currency reform in 1948 was the starting point of West German economic prosperity. Under present, quite different economic conditions it seems not very likely, that this success story will occur again with the installation of the Euro.
Unsicherheiten der EU-Osterweiterung
Authors: Gowan Peter
Published: September 2018

Main problems of eastwards enlargement of the EU are caused by the EU itself. Before the East European states applying for membership can be integrated, the EU has to reform its expenditure, especially the structural Fund. Also the Common Agrarian Policy needs a fundamental reform. But these reforms are delayed and the applicants are burdened with new tests and requirements. Some groups demanding a swift enlargement try to use the new East European members for social dumping in Western Europe.
Die EU-Agrarpolitik und der landwirtschaftliche Strukturwandel in den neuen Bundesländern
Authors: Küster Katrin
Published: September 2018

The structural change of East German agriculture after unification is heavily influenced by the agrarian policy of the EU. But its outcome is not only a product of a rational adaptation to new economic conditions, it also depends on social moments, especially the specific forms of cooperatives in the GDR. So economic considerations, insisting on the advantages of great farms have to be complemented by sociological analysis.
Transformation als Lateinamerikanisierung?
Authors: Müller Katharin
Published: September 2018

The recent pension reforms in Central-Eastern Europe include partial privatisation of old age security and are clearly modelled on Latin American role models, thus reflecting the current mainstream in the international pension reform debate. This article asks for the rationale behind this institutional transfer, focusing on structural settings, actor constellations and the consequences of radical paradigmatic choice in Polish and Hungarian old age security.
Der Kalte Krieg und ich
Authors: Frank Andre Gunder
Published: September 2018

A personal trajectory is described, which took Frank as a child from Nazi Germany to dependency theory and global historical studies. This trajectory led him at various times to Castro's Cuba, Allende's Chile, and Breshnew's Russia Cold. On every station it was deeply influenced by the Cold War - as well in the West as in the East.
Editorial: Konzentration, Internationalisierung, Vernetzung
Authors: Redaktion Prokla
Published: September 2018

Editorial: Konzentration, Internationalisierung, Vernetzung
Die Überlebenschancen der Großen
Authors: Hannah Leslie
Published: September 2018

This essay examines the fate of the 100 largest industrial firms in the world in the year 1912 over the period to 1995. Disappearance and decline were the most common outcomes, but a few firms succeeded in growing considerably. There are no significant differences between the performance of giant German, British and American firms. No simple formula enables us to discriminate ex ante between long-run corporate success and failure.
Geschlossene Gesellschaft? Die säkulare Entwicklung der Konzentration in der deutschen Elektroindustrie
Authors: Schmidt Dorothea
Published: September 2018

As soon as about 1900, the german electrical industry was seen by many contemporaries as the prototype of future capitalist concentration. Indeed, the two great enterprises of this period, Siemens and AEG, seemed to represent such an overwhelming power that potential founders would be discouraged for ever. The following decades showed a much more contradictory development, as there occured several waves of enterprise foundations and the decline of one of the giants. Also, means which would contribute to the strength of a corporation at some time, could reveal as weaknesses in another period.
»Vernetzte Produktion« und »post-fordistische« Reproduktion
Authors: Lüthje Boy
Published: September 2018

The article reviews recent debates on production networks in political economy and labor sociology. The argument draws upon the findings of an extended empirical study of production strategies, supplier networks, and labor relations in the computer industry of California's »Silicon Valley«. The paper emphasizes the centrality of manufacturing work in today's information technology industry and discusses the implications of the recent restructuring of industry organization and work in this sector for critical approaches as developed in U.S. industrial geography, theories of the »new international division of labor«, European and German industrial sociology, and race and gender studies. A theoretical framework for an integrated analysis of the political economy of »post-fordist« production networks is developed from the context of French regulation theory.
Unternehmensinterne Organisation internationaler Arbeitsteilung
Authors: Hack Lothar
Published: September 2018

Debates on globalization are, quite often, concerned with the tensions between world market and nation-state. It might give a much more realistic picture to include, as a third pole, the global companies with their internal organizational structures, which incorporate quite important aspects of the international division of labour. This can be demonstrated by the increasing global organization of industrial R&D as well as, more generally, by the new modes of the organization of competence, as might be seen in Centers of Competence, Cross-funcional teams etc.
Konzentration und industrielle Organisation
Authors: Becker Steffen , Sablowski Thomas
Published: September 2018

This article supports the thesis that branch-specific analyses of competition and concentration of capital are necessary to grasp the current processes of industrial restructuring. In particular, new forms of a network-like organization of production should be interpreted as a means to expand the economic power of a single capital beyond the boundaries of the firm. This is outlined in an analysis of the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, starting with the period of fordism and ending with the concentration of capital in the so-called life-sciences. The diffusion of a new biotechnological paradigm in research and development and the impact of financial speculation are seen as important factors shaping the restructuring and aggravating the crises tendencies in this sector.
Die strategische Rolle der Pensionsfonds
Authors: Guttmann Robert
Published: September 2018

In the USA and in Britain pension funds have enjoyed spectacular growth in recent decades and they are about to emerge as a major force in the European economies and the »emerging markets« of Asia and Latin America. In the eighties, pension funds often backed hostile takeovers and even provided liquidity for junk bonds. But in the last decade the short term investment strategies of pension funds changed and they developed attitudes of »active« owners, interested in the management strategies of »their« corporations. Especially in the emerging markets of Latin America they could have a stabilizing function in the future.
Ein Gespräch über »politischen Kapitalismus«, »Stamokap«, Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und vieles andere
Authors: Huffschmid Jörg , Altvater Elmar
Published: September 2018

Recently the development of the East-European transformation economies was analysed in (Weberian) terms of »political capitalism« (see Melanie Tatur and Jadwiga Staniszkis in PROKLA 112). This approach shows some affinities to the neo-leninist theory of »state monopolist capitalism«. In the seventies, Jörg Huffschmid was an important (western) scholar of the last. He is interviewed by Elmar Altvater.
Editorial: Währung, Sozialstaat, Arbeitsmärkte
Authors: Redaktion Prokla
Published: September 2018

Editorial: Währung, Sozialstaat, Arbeitsmärkte
Die Einführung des Euro
Authors: Müller Klaus
Published: September 2018

While the arrivial of the Euro is one of the most eminent events in Western Europe's post-war history, most social science theories take a rather narrow view on technical procedures of introducing a common currency. The literature on 'optimum currency areas', functionalist integration theories and the concept of central bank autonomy hardly takes into account the institutional arrangements necessary to cope with the political and social tensions that will arise from the new monetary regime of the supranational European Central Bank.
Zur politischen Produktion von Sachzwängen
Authors: Schaper-Rinkel Petra
Published: September 2018

Die Entwicklung der europäischen Informationsgesellschaft, wie sie von der Europäischen Kommission vorangetrieben wird, ist ein Instrument, nationalstaatliche Regulierungsmechanismen durch europäische zu ersetzen. Entgegen dem herrschenden Deregulierungsdiskurs wird anhand der Technologiepolitik und der Telekommunikationspolitik gezeigt, wie mit der Ersetzung nationalstaatlicher Regulierung durch europäische Regulierungsformen die europäische Politik an dem Primat der Stärkung der europäischen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit orientiert wurde.
Eurosklerose?
Authors: Ganßmann Heiner , Haas Michael
Published: September 2018

Conservative critics of European economic policies argue that high and persistent European unemployment is caused by institutional rigidities which are traced back to welfare states and union strength. By contrast, low US unemployment is attributed to high labour market flexibility. These claims are examined. The high social costs of US style flexibility in terms of income inequality and poverty suggest that the „cure“ for high unemployment should be sought elsewhere, namely by relying on policies - as in the Netherlands and Denmark - which combine high levels of social security with increased labour market flexibility.
Residuales oder europäisches Wohlfahrtsmodell?
Authors: Brusis Martin
Published: September 2018

The study discusses welfare reforms in the Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC) in relation with the adaptation processes of Western European welfare states on the one hand, the accession preparations of the CEEC on the other. Policy approaches and outcomes are scrutinized for labour market policy, health care, pension systems and family policy in the Czech and Slovak Republics, Hungary and Poland. The study argues that the institutional reforms currently undertaken in Central and Eastern Europe will decide on the future - European or residual - nature of the welfare states in the region. Due to the pre-accession constellation the EU is in a position to influence the path of development and there are good reasons for the EU to promote a European welfare model in the CEEC. However, the European Commission has neither formulated such a model nor contributed to its implementation during the accession preparations.
Arbeitsmärkte und Arbeitsbeziehungen in Osteuropa
Authors: Standing Guy
Published: September 2018

This article provides an overview of recent changes in the former Soviet Union and other countries of Central and Eastern Europe. State regulation has been reduced through relaxation of statutory prescriptions and through privatization. Trade unions often retain significant nominal representative status, but have little effective regulatory power, and employers’ representation is fragmented. Although most countries have introduced tripartite institutions, real decision making takes place at company level where management is in the driving seat.
Das Wunder von Europa läßt noch auf sich warten
Authors: Wolf Frieder Otto
Published: September 2018

The European Left will have to undergo a deep sea-change, in order to really come into existence. It is attempted to outline the underlying trends of the post-neoliberal situation, to grasp the creativity of European popular struggles, and to describe the strategical tasks by the solution of which another new European left could begin to create itself, in changing the societal development of European integration.
Zum Formwandel der Internationalisierung bei VW in den 80er und 90er Jahren
Authors: Haipeter Thomas
Published: September 2018

In the eighties and ninties a change in the form of internationalization took place which can be described as a step from multinational enterprise to a global integrated production network. The internationalization is part of a wider institutional context at the level of the enterprise. At Volkswagen, the global integrated production network replaced the old fordistic system of production by combining mass production with global flexibility.
Editorial: Totalitarismus und Liberalismus
Authors: Redaktion Prokla
Published: September 2018

Editorial: Totalitarismus und Liberalismus
Kosovo 1999
Authors: Heinrich Michael
Published: September 2018

"54 Jahre nach dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs befindet sich Deutschland wieder im Krieg; und dieser Krieg wird nicht von einer national-konservativen, sondern von einer rot-grünen Regierung geführt, die die konservative Vorherrschaft im September 1998 durch einen fast erdrutschartigen Wahlsieg beendete. Auch in anderen NATO-Ländern wie England, Frankreich, Italien oder den Niederlanden, sind es sogenannte Mitte-Links-Regierungen, die ihre Zustimmung zum Krieg gegeben haben..."
Balkankrieg, Postfordismus und Global Governance
Authors: Demirović Alex
Published: September 2018

"Niemand wird mit realistischen Gründen annehmen können, daß die Grünen mit ihrer Beteiligung an der Regierungsverantwortung auch unmittelbar die Kompetenz gehabt hätten, über die Bombardements der NATO in Jugoslawien zu entscheiden. Die Kräfteverhältnisse in der Bundesregierung und in der NATO ließen dies nicht zu. Daß sie sich diesen Machtverhältnissen allerdings nicht entgegengestellt, sondern sie selbst mitvollzogen haben, verändert tiefgreifend die politische Konstellation. Die politische Handlungsweise der rot-grünen Regierung berührt nämlich den grundsätzlicheren Gesichtspunkt der Möglickeit zur Herstellung eines sozial-ökologischen New Deal..."
Wissenschaftliche und wissenschaftspolitische Produktionsweisen im Neoliberalismus.
Authors: Plehwe Dieter , Walpen Bernhard
Published: September 2018

Employing Gramsci’s concept of hegemony the rise of neoliberalism to the dominant force in the present hegemonic constellation is scrutinized. The origin and development of the Mont Pèlerin Society of right wing liberals around Hayek is traced and the network of think tanks stretching from the British Institute of Economic Affairs to the Heritage Foundation in the U.S. is examined with regard to the working relations of neoliberal discourse coalitions and epistemological communities. The article thus underlines the role ideas play in the struggle to win and to stabilize hegemony in society and stresses the material and organizational basis of the production of powerful ideas. A short discussion of the challenges a new left would have to confront draws lessons from the neoliberal success story.
Sachlicher Zwang und persönliche Bevormundung
Authors: Fiehler Fritz
Published: September 2018

Criticism of the welfare state formulated in political and economic essays of Milton and Rose Friedman, Capitalism and Freedom (1963), Free to Choose (1980), and Tyranny of Status Quo (1983) are important examples of the neoliberal campaign against the welfare state. The study presents them as an ideologically motivated reaction to social change: »Productive classes« become the minority in late capitalism. In addition, the study shows them as an ideological attempt, to interpret spheres between the state and the market in economic terms.
»Totalitarismus« – Reflexionen zu einer wissenschaftlichen und politischen Debatte
Authors: Glaeßner Gert-Joachim
Published: September 2018

»Totalitarismus« wurde in den letzten Jahren zu einem Catchword, das eher für ein diffuses Bild als für einen theoretisch und politisch anspruchsvollen Ansatz steht. Der Artikel verfolgt die ideengeschichtlichen Grundlagen der Totalitarismustheorie, sowie ihre Entwicklung, die von der Rolle, die sie politisch spielte, nicht zu trennen ist. Leistungen und Grenzen der Totalitarismustheorie werden schließlich mit Bezug auf die Brauchbarkeit für eine empirische Analyse der DDR skizziert.
Modernisierung und Totalismus
Authors: Spohn Willfried
Published: September 2018

On the backdrop of the recent, however conflictual revival of theories of modernization and totalitarianism, this paper analyzes German National-Socialism as well as GDR- and Soviet-Russian Communism as two, but rather different types of totalitarian political orders. By using Shmuel Eisenstadt's concept of totalism as an inherent potentiality of modernity and modernization processes, I attempt at explaining the differences between both types of totalitarian regimes as specific configurations of modernization trajectories and their totalistic components in Germany and in Soviet Russia. This explanatory approach transcends the common opposition between theories of modernization and theories of totalitarianism by combining the two in a specific comparative historical-sociological approach.
Das Schwarzbuch des Kommunismus
Authors: Walther Rudolf
Published: September 2018

Der Beitrag stellt zum einen das Vor- und Nachwort des Herausgebers Stephane Courtois, das bisher im Mittelpunkt der Debatte stand, in den Kontext französischer Diskussionen: es erweist sich als trivialisierte Fassung einiger bereits von Francois Furet aufgestellter Thesen. Zum anderen wird auch der Gesamtansatz des Buches, der (abweichend von einzelnen Beiträgen) von einem weltweiten Kommunismus ausgeht, kritisch diskutiert.
Die Herrschaft des politischen Islam als eine Form des Totalitarismus »Die Islamische Republik Iran«
Authors: Wahdathagh Wahied
Published: September 2018

The Revolution of 1979 in Iran ended in a new form of dictatorship. The discussion on an Islamic Civil Society in Iran irritates, because the modell of Jameeje-Madani is the archaic caliphate and not a modern pluralistic and democratic State. Nevertheless from a technological point of view Iran is a part of the modern world. This fact causes the third form of a totalitarian form of dictatorship. The economical support, in the name of liberalization, stabilizes the totalitarian reign of the caste of the clergymen.
„Rot-Grüner“ Absturz
Authors: Redaktion Prokla
Published: September 2018

Editorial
Gegenwart und Zukunft einer Illusion
Authors: Narr Wolf-Dieter
Published: September 2018

The new “red-green” german government, was accompanied by a lot of hope and expectations, which were frustrated in the meanwhile. The article argues, that many of the expectations were “false” and investigates how this could be. Furthermore the fundamental limitations of every “alternative” politics in capitalist society are analyzed.
Die beschäftigungspolitischen Konsequenzen von „Rot-Grün“
Authors: Heine Michael , Herr Hansjörg
Published: September 2018

With mass unemployment in Germany and elsewhere showing no signs of abating, numerous economists and politicians of the neo-classic school have become vocal in calling for the flexibilization of the labour market. A demand for wage cuts forms the nub of their solution to the crises. The article shows that such approaches are both theoretically flawed and unable in practical terms to deliver what they promise, as cuts in wages will not lead th higher levels of employment but will rather increase the danger of a deflationary spiral. An alternative monetary-Keynesian model is proposed as a basis for more suitable labour market policymaking.
Grüne Wirtschaftspolitik ohne Reformprojekt
Authors: Priewe Jan , Sauer Thomas H. W.
Published: September 2018

In public opinion the Green Party seems to be left from Social Democrats. But meanwhile the Greens represent in the field of economic policy a variant of neoliberalism, a kind of „green austerity“. Budget consolidation and flexible labour markets are the main aims of economic policy. From an eco-tax the Greens expect ecological improvements and more employment but none of these effects seems to plausible.
Vorwärts – und nichts vergessen
Authors: Lessenich Stephan
Published: September 2018

The recent scientific debate on the functions of social policy and the transformation of the welfare state evidences an ever waning sense of the dialectics that lies at the core of modern state interventionism. The consequences of this decline of dialectical thinking on social policy matters are now beginning to affect as well the political discourse on the reform of the welfare state in Germany. This discourse is utterly dominated by onedimensional crisis scenarios and equally one-sided reform proposals, the latter opting for straightforward re-commodification strategies as opposed to the classical, post-war decommodification consensus. In this context, the paper constitutes a plea for regaining consciousness, conceptualizing social policy as what it is and always has been: the at a time specific and historically changing combination of commodifying and de-commodifying state interventions.
Das polizeigrüne Europa.
Authors: Busch Heiner
Published: September 2018

Concerning the politics of internal security on EUlevel, there was no change from the conservative to the new „red-green“ government. The reasons for this are not only to be seen in the fact, that the established parties – including the SPD – show no major ideological differences, when it comes to questions of law and order. They also lie in the bureaucratic structure of EU internal and justice affairs, which are dominated by the executive and by the police. Major democratic progress can only be achieved in the long run.
Global Governance
Authors: Brunnengräber Achim , Stock Christian
Published: September 2018

Many members of the European Community are governed by social democratic parties. One of their common aim is to keep global capitalism in check. But they lack the tools to accomplish this task. Therefore they need a new political paradigm, like it seems to appear in the concepts of global governance. This article gives a review of these concepts from the Group of Lisbon, the Commission on Global Governance an the Institute for Development and Peace (IDP) and argues that the proposals are not an adequate answer to the complex process of global capitalism.