bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum Levels of Joining Chain-Containing IgA1 Are Not Elevated in Patients with IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Li Guanhong , Wang Xiaoyan , Yang Zhe , Zhao Qing , Wen Yubing , Li Xuemei , Gao Ruitong
Published: July 2019

Background. It has been suggested that mesangial IgA deposits are dimeric or polymeric in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). However, evidence concerning the molecular form of serum IgA in IgAN is controversial. And there is no direct evidence that the serum levels of joining chain- (J chain-) containing IgA (J-IgA) are elevated in IgAN. In this study, we aimed to measure serum J-IgA and glomerular J chain deposition with anti-J chain monoclonal antibody in IgAN. Methods. BALB/c mice were immunized with human J chain-GST recombinant peptide to obtain anti-J chain monoclonal antibody. The levels of serum total IgA and J-IgA were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 115 patients with IgAN and 117 healthy volunteers. J chain deposition in kidney specimens was analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining. Results. Serum levels of total IgA1 were elevated in IgAN patients compared to healthy subjects. However, serum levels of IgA, J-IgA, and J chain-containing IgA1 (J-IgA1), the J-IgA to total IgA ratio, and the J-IgA1 to total IgA1 ratio were not significantly different between IgAN patients and healthy subjects. Western blot analysis and gel filtration analysis using purified IgA1 also showed that the proportion of J chain-containing polymeric IgA1 was lower in IgAN patients compared to healthy subjects. No correlation was found between serum J-IgA or J-IgA1 and clinical features in IgAN. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that glomerular J chain was positive in 12 IgAN patients (57.1%). The values of the J-IgA to IgA ratio and J-IgA1 to IgA ratio were significantly higher in IgAN patients with glomerular J chain deposition than those without. However, the serum levels of J-IgA and J-IgA1 and the J-IgA1 to IgA1 ratio were not significantly higher in two subgroups. Conclusions. Although serum levels of total IgA1 were elevated in IgAN, the serum levels of J-IgA1 were not elevated. And serum J-IgA, serum J-IgA1, and J chain deposition were not correlated with disease severity in IgAN.
Emotion Recognition Based on Framework of BADEBA‐SVM
Authors: Wang Zhongmin , Zhang Zhaoping , Wang Wenlang
Published: July 2019

Brain‐computer interface (BCI) provides a new communication channel between human brain and computer. In order to eliminate uncorrelated channels to improve BCI performance and enhance user convenience with fewer channels, this paper proposes a new framework using binary adaptive differential evolution bat algorithm (BADEBA). The framework uses the important ideas of differential evolution algorithm and bat algorithm to select electroencephalograph (EEG) channels and intelligently optimizes the parameters of support vector machine (SVM). It combines wavelet packet transform (WPT) and common space pattern (CSP) to achieve the goal of using fewer channels to obtain the best classification accuracy. The proposed framework is evaluated with a common data set (DEAP). The results show that, compared with genetic algorithm (GA), binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) and bat algorithm, the proposed BADEBA in this framework only uses eight channels to improve the classification accuracy by 13.63% in the valence dimension and seven channels to improve the classification accuracy by 15.22% in the arousal dimension. In addition, the spatial distribution of the best channels selected by this method is consistent with the existing knowledge of brain structure and neurophysiology, which shows the accuracy and validity of this method.
Pleiotropic Impact of DNA-PK in Cancer and Implications for Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Dylgjeri Emanuela , McNair Christopher , Goodwin Jonathan F. , Raymon Heather K. , McCue Peter A. , Shafi Ayesha A. , Leiby Benjamin E. , de Leeuw Renée , Kothari Vishal , McCann Jennifer J. , Mandigo Amy C. , Chand Saswati N. , Schiewer Matthew J. , Brand Lucas J. , Vasilevskaya Irina , Gordon Nicolas , Laufer Talya S. , Gomella Leonard G. , Lallas Costas D. , Trabulsi Edouard J. , Feng Felix Y. , Filvaroff Ellen H. , Hege Kristin , Rathkopf Dana , Knudsen Karen E.
Published: July 2019

Purpose:

DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PK) is a pleiotropic kinase involved in DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. DNA-PK is deregulated in selected cancer types and is strongly associated with poor outcome. The underlying mechanisms by which DNA-PK promotes aggressive tumor phenotypes are not well understood. Here, unbiased molecular investigation in clinically relevant tumor models reveals novel functions of DNA-PK in cancer.

Experimental Design: DNA-PK function was modulated using both genetic and pharmacologic methods in a series of in vitro models, in vivo xenografts, and patient-derived explants (PDE), and the impact on the downstream signaling and cellular cancer phenotypes was discerned. Data obtained were used to develop novel strategies for combinatorial targeting of DNA-PK and hormone signaling pathways.

Results:

Key findings reveal that (i) DNA-PK regulates tumor cell proliferation; (ii) pharmacologic targeting of DNA-PK suppresses tumor growth both in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo; (iii) DNA-PK transcriptionally regulates the known DNA-PK–mediated functions as well as novel cancer-related pathways that promote tumor growth; (iv) dual targeting of DNA-PK/TOR kinase (TORK) transcriptionally upregulates androgen signaling, which can be mitigated using the androgen receptor (AR) antagonist enzalutamide; (v) cotargeting AR and DNA-PK/TORK leads to the expansion of antitumor effects, uncovering the modulation of novel, highly relevant protumorigenic cancer pathways; and (viii) cotargeting DNA-PK/TORK and AR has cooperative growth inhibitory effects in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions:

These findings uncovered novel DNA-PK transcriptional regulatory functions and led to the development of a combinatorial therapeutic strategy for patients with advanced prostate cancer, currently being tested in the clinical setting.
A Novel FGFR3 Splice Variant Preferentially Expressed in African American Prostate Cancer Drives Aggressive Phenotypes and Docetaxel Resistance
Authors: Olender Jacqueline , Wang Bi-Dar , Ching Travers , Garmire Lana X. , Garofano Kaitlin , Ji Youngmi , Knox Tessa , Latham Patricia , Nguyen Kenneth , Rhim Johng , Lee Norman H.
Published: July 2019

Alternative splicing (AS) has been shown to participate in prostate cancer development and progression; however, a link between AS and prostate cancer health disparities has been largely unexplored. Here we report on the cloning of a novel splice variant of FGFR3 that is preferentially expressed in African American (AA) prostate cancer. This novel variant (FGFR3-S) omits exon 14, comprising 123 nucleotides that encode the activation loop in the intracellular split kinase domain. Ectopic overexpression of FGFR3-S in European American (EA) prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP) led to enhanced receptor autophosphorylation and increased activation of the downstream signaling effectors AKT, STAT3, and ribosomal S6 compared with FGFR3-L (retains exon 14). The increased oncogenic signaling imparted by FGFR3-S was associated with a substantial gain in proliferative and antiapoptotic activities, as well as a modest but significant gain in cell motility. Moreover, the FGFR3-S–conferred proliferative and motility gains were highly resistant to the pan-FGFR small-molecule inhibitor dovitinib and the antiapoptotic gain was insensitive to the cytotoxic drug docetaxel, which stands in marked contrast with dovitinib- and docetaxel-sensitive FGFR3-L. In an in vivo xenograft model, mice injected with PC-3 cells overexpressing FGFR3-S exhibited significantly increased tumor growth and resistance to dovitinib treatment compared with cells overexpressing FGFR3-L. In agreement with our in vitro and in vivo findings, a high FGFR3-S/FGFR3-L expression ratio in prostate cancer specimens was associated with poor patient prognosis.

Implications:

This work identifies a novel FGFR3 splice variant and supports the hypothesis that differential AS participates in prostate cancer health disparities.
Upregulation of miR-130b Contributes to Risk of Poor Prognosis and Racial Disparity in African-American Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hashimoto Yutaka , Shiina Marisa , Dasgupta Pritha , Kulkarni Priyanka , Kato Taku , Wong Ryan K. , Tanaka Yuichiro , Shahryari Varahram , Maekawa Shigekatsu , Yamamura Soichiro , Saini Sharanjot , Deng Guoren , Tabatabai Z. Laura , Majid Shahana , Dahiya Rajvir
Published: July 2019

Prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates are higher in African-American (AA) than in European-American (EA) men. The main objective of this study was to elucidate the role of miR-130b as a contributor to prostate cancer health disparity in AA patients. We also determined whether miR-130b is a prognostic biomarker and a new therapeutic candidate for AA prostate cancer. A comprehensive approach of using cell lines, tissue samples, and the TCGA database was employed. We performed a series of functional assays such as cell proliferation, migration, invasion, RT2-PCR array, qRT-PCR, cell cycle, luciferase reporter, immunoblot, and IHC. Various statistical approaches such as Kaplan–Meier, uni-, and multivariate analyses were utilized to determine the clinical significance of miR-130b. Our results showed that elevated levels of miR-130b correlated with race disparity and PSA levels/failure and acted as an independent prognostic biomarker for AA patients. Two tumor suppressor genes, CDKN1B and FHIT, were validated as direct functional targets of miR-130b. We also found race-specific cell-cycle pathway activation in AA patients with prostate cancer. Functionally, miR-130b inhibition reduced cell proliferation, colony formation, migration/invasion, and induced cell-cycle arrest. Inhibition of miR-130b modulated critical prostate cancer–related biological pathways in AA compared with EA prostate cancer patients. In conclusion, attenuation of miR-130b expression has tumor suppressor effects in AA prostate cancer. miR-130b is a significant contributor to prostate cancer racial disparity as its overexpression is a risk factor for poor prognosis in AA patients with prostate cancer. Thus, regulation of miR-130b may provide a novel therapeutic approach for the management of prostate cancer in AA patients.
An Anticancer Drug Cocktail of Three Kinase Inhibitors Improved Response to a Dendritic Cell–Based Cancer Vaccine
Authors: Guo Jitao , Muse Elena , Christians Allison J. , Swanson Steven J. , Davila Eduardo
Published: July 2019

Monocyte-derived dendritic cell (moDC)–based cancer therapies intended to elicit antitumor T-cell responses have limited efficacy in most clinical trials. However, potent and sustained antitumor activity in a limited number of patients highlights the therapeutic potential of moDCs. In vitro culture conditions used to generate moDCs can be inconsistent, and moDCs generated in vitro are less effective than natural DCs. On the basis of our study highlighting the ability for certain kinase inhibitors to enhance tumor antigenicity, we therefore screened kinase inhibitors for their ability to improve DC immunogenicity. We identified AKT inhibitor MK2206, DNA-PK inhibitor NU7441, and MEK inhibitor trametinib as the compounds most effective at modulating moDC immunogenicity. The combination of these drugs, referred to as MKNUTRA, enhanced moDC activity over treatment with individual drugs while exhibiting minimal toxicity. An evaluation of 335 activation and T-cell–suppressive surface proteins on moDCs revealed that MKNUTRA treatment more effectively matured cells and reduced the expression of tolerogenic proteins as compared with control moDCs. MKNUTRA treatment imparted to ICT107, a glioblastoma (GBM) DC-based vaccine that has completed phase II trials, an increased ability to stimulate patient-derived autologous CD8+ T cells against the brain tumor antigens IL13Rα2(345-354) and TRP2(180-188). In vivo, treating ICT107 with MKNUTRA, prior to injection into mice with an established GBM tumor, reduced tumor growth kinetics. This response was associated with an increased frequency of tumor-reactive lymphocytes within tumors and in peripheral tissues. These studies broaden the application of targeted anticancer drugs and highlight their ability to increase moDC immunogenicity.
MERTK Acts as a Costimulatory Receptor on Human CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Peeters Marlies J.W. , Dulkeviciute Donata , Draghi Arianna , Ritter Cathrin , Rahbech Anne , Skadborg Signe K. , Seremet Tina , Carnaz Simões Ana Micaela , Martinenaite Evelina , Halldórsdóttir Hólmfridur R. , Andersen Mads Hald , Olofsson Gitte Holmen , Svane Inge Marie , Rasmussen Lene Juel , Met Özcan , Becker Jürgen C. , Donia Marco , Desler Claus , thor Straten Per
Published: July 2019

The TAM family of receptor tyrosine kinases (TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK) is known to be expressed on antigen-presenting cells and function as oncogenic drivers and as inhibitors of inflammatory responses. Both human and mouse CD8+ T cells are thought to be negative for TAM receptor expression. In this study, we show that T-cell receptor (TCR)–activated human primary CD8+ T cells expressed MERTK and the ligand PROS1 from day 2 postactivation. PROS1-mediated MERTK signaling served as a late costimulatory signal, increasing proliferation and secretion of effector and memory-associated cytokines. Knockdown and inhibition studies confirmed that this costimulatory effect was mediated through MERTK. Transcriptomic and metabolic analyses of PROS1-blocked CD8+ T cells demonstrated a role of the PROS1–MERTK axis in differentiation of memory CD8+ T cells. Finally, using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from melanoma patients, we show that MERTK signaling on T cells improved TIL expansion and TIL-mediated autologous cancer cell killing. We conclude that MERTK serves as a late costimulatory signal for CD8+ T cells. Identification of this costimulatory function of MERTK on human CD8+ T cells suggests caution in the development of MERTK inhibitors for hematologic or solid cancer treatment.
Immunologic Profiling of Mutational and Transcriptional Subgroups in Pediatric and Adult High-Grade Gliomas
Authors: Bockmayr Michael , Klauschen Frederick , Maire Cecile L. , Rutkowski Stefan , Westphal Manfred , Lamszus Katrin , Schüller Ulrich , Mohme Malte
Published: July 2019

Immunologic treatment strategies are under investigation for high-grade gliomas. Determining relevant immunologic pathways is required for invigorating a tumor-specific immune response. We therefore investigated the immunologic phenotypes within different subgroups of high-grade gliomas, with a focus on rare genetic subgroups of pediatric and adolescent patients to identify potentially targetable mechanisms. We gathered published gene-expression data from 1,135 high-grade glioma patients and applied a machine-learning technique to determine their transcriptional (mesenchymal, classic, neural, and proneural) and mutational [K27, G34, IDH, and wild type (WT)] subtypes. Gene signatures of infiltrating immune cells and functional immune pathways were evaluated in correlation to histologic diagnosis, age, and transcriptional and mutational subgroups. Our analysis identified four distinct microenvironmental signatures of immune cell infiltration (immune 1–4), which can be stratified into vascular, monocytic/stromal, monocytic/T-cell–, and antigen-presenting cell (APC)/natural killer (NK) cell/T-cell–dominated immune clusters. Immune cell expression profiles correlated with transcriptional and mutational subgroups but were independent of age and histologic diagnosis. By including functional pathways and correlating the expression of immunostimulatory and -inhibitory receptor–ligand interactions, we were able to define the immunologic microenvironment and identify possible immunologic subtypes associated with poor prognosis. In addition, comparison of overall survival with the immunologic landscape and with checkpoint molecules revealed correlations within the transcriptional and mutational subgroups, highlighting the potential application of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibition in K27-mutated tumors. Our study shows that transcriptional and mutational subgroups are characterized by distinct immunologic tumor microenvironments, demonstrating the immunologic heterogeneity within high-grade gliomas and suggesting an immune-specific stratification for upcoming immunotherapy trials.
Ultrasound-Guided DREZotomy: Technical Note
Authors: Monaco Bernardo Assumpção de , Lopes Arthur José Maia , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen
Published: July 2019

Dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) lesioning is still used as a choice of treatment for some painful conditions as well as spasticity in selected patients. The most commonly used techniques to perform DREZotomy are the microsurgical one and DREZ radiofrequency (RF) coagulation. The technical difficulties using punctures to perform RF lesions include complications such as occurrence of lesions in the dorsal columns or in the corticospinal tract. This paper describes a new technical improvement in RF lesions at DREZ using intraoperative ultrasound (US) to optimize the lesions and to minimize the risk of complications. Using intraoperative US after laminotomy allows the surgeon to differentiate between the gray matter of the spinal cord and white matter, showing the correct entry zone, the angle to introduce the RF electrode, and the depth. Using intraoperative US to guide DREZ lesions provides real-time optimization of DREZotomy.
A Phase I Study of Neoadjuvant Capecitabine, Oxaliplatin, and Irinotecan (XELOXIRI) in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Kudo Toshihiro , Takemasa Ichiro , Hata Tsuyoshi , Sakai Daisuke , Takahashi Hidekazu , Haraguchi Naotsugu , Nishimura Junichi , Hata Taishi , Matsuda Chu , Satoh Taroh , Mizushima Tsunekazu , Mori Masaki , Doki Yuichiro
Published: July 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the recommended dose (RD) of capecitabine combined with oxaliplatin and irinotecan (XELOXIRI) as a neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Method: Patients received irinotecan and oxaliplatin (85 mg/m2) on day 1, and capecitabine (1,000 mg/m2 orally twice daily) on days 1–7 of a biweekly schedule. Three dose levels, ranging from 100 to 150 mg/m2, were explored for irinotecan in sequential cohorts of 6 patients. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were assessed in the first cycle to determine the RD. Results: Six patients were enrolled. The DLT was grade 3 febrile neutropenia, which was observed in 2 of the 6 patients at dose level 1. The RD of irinotecan was defined as 150 mg/m2. Toxicity was manageable: the most common grade ≥3 toxicities were neutropenia (2 patients), anemia (1 patient), and anorexia (1 patient). Nodal downstaging (cN+ to ypN0) was detected in 2 patients and the T stage was downstaged in 3 patients. Conclusions: XELOXIRI is a feasible and active regimen for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Febrile neutropenia was the DLT, and the RD of irinotecan is 150 mg/m2.
Neurohormonal, Endocrine, and Immune Dysregulation and Inflammation in Cardiorenal Syndrome
Authors: Clementi Anna , Virzì Grazia Maria , Battaglia Giovanni Giorgio , Ronco Claudio
Published: July 2019

“Organ crosstalk” is the complex physiological communication between different body systems, and it is necessary for the optimal equilibrium and functioning of the organism. In particular, heart and kidney function is tightly connected, and interplay between these two organs occurs through a vast array of dynamic and bidirectional mechanisms. The term cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) indicates an interaction between the heart and kidneys in acute and chronic disease settings. In all types of CRS, multiple pathophysiological processes are implicated in the initiation and progression of organ injury. In addition to hemodynamic parameters, endothelial injury, immunological imbalance, cell death, inflammatory cascades, oxidative stress, neutrophil migration, leukocyte trafficking, caspase-mediated apoptosis, extracellular vesicles, small noncoding RNAs, and epigenetics play pivotal roles in the development of CRS. In this review, we will focus on neurohormonal, endocrine, and immune dysregulation and inflammation as mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of CRS.
Silencing of GPR82 with Interference RNA Improved Metabolic Profiles in Rats with High Fructose Intake
Authors: Romero-Nava Rodrigo , Aguayo-Cerón Karla Aidee , Ruiz-Hernández Armando , Huang Fengyang , Hong Enrique , Aguilera-Mendez Asdrubal  , Villafaña Rauda Santiago
Published: July 2019

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition, constituted by alterations that lead to the onset of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. It has been reported that orphan G-protein-coupled receptor 82 (GPR82) participates in metabolic processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the function of GPR82 in MS using a small interfering RNA (siRNA) against this receptor. We used Wistar rats of 10–12 weeks of age fed with a high-fructose solution (70%) for 9 weeks to induce MS. Subsequently, the rats were treated with an intrajugular dose of an siRNA against GPR82 and the effects were evaluated on day 3 and 7 after administration. On day 3 the siRNA had a transient effect on decreasing blood pressure and triglycerides and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which recovered to the MS control on day 7. Decreased gene expressions of GPR82 mRNA in the aorta and heart were observed on day 3; moreover, decreased gene expression was maintained in the aorta on day 7. Therefore, we conclude that the orphan receptor GPR82 participates in the development of MS induced by fructose and the silencing of this receptor could ameliorate metabolic components.
CHA2DS2-VASC Score Predicts Risk of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
Authors: Baydar Onur , Kilic Alparslan
Published: July 2019

Backround: The CHA2DS2-VASC score, used for embolic risk stratiﬁcation in atrial ﬁbrillation, has been reported recently to predict adverse clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. We investigated the correlation between the CHA2DS2-VASC score and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 363 (191; 52.6% men) NSTEMI patients undergoing PCI. The CHA2 DS2-VASC score was calculated for each patient, and the study population was divided into 2 groups: CHA2DS2-VASC score <2 group (low score; n = 259, 71.3%) and CHA2DS2-VASC score ≥2 group (high score; n = 104, 28.6%). Patients were then reallocated to 2 groups according to the presence or absence of CIN. CIN was deﬁned as a rise in serum creatinine >0.5 mg/dL or >25% increase in baseline within 72 h after PCI. Results: Overall, 56 cases (15.4%) of CIN were diagnosed. When patients with a CHA2DS2-VASC score of <2 were compared with those with a CHA2DS2-VASC score of ≥2, patients with a high score had a higher frequency of CIN (33) 31.7% versus (23) 8.9%; p < 0.001. Also patients with CIN had higher CHADS2 VASC score (3.94 ± 1.13 vs. 1.68 ± 0.46, p < 0.001). Additionally, in-hospital mortality, length of hospital stay, major bleeding, requirement of mechanical ventilation, and dialysis were observed significantly higher in patients with CHA2DS2-VASC score of ≥2 (p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.006, p = 0.001, p = 0.001, respectively). In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve for predicting CIN was 0.702 (p < 0.001, 95% CI 0.617–0.787) and cutoff value was 2.5 (sensitivity 58.9%, specificity 76.9%) for the number of CHA2DS2-VASC score. Conclusion: In NSTEMI patients undergoing PCI, CHADS2 VASC score is associated with an increased risk for CIN and in-hospital morbidity and mortality.
Unusual Clinical Presentation of a Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma on the Scalp of a Middle-Aged Female: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ahmed Azhar A. , Almohanna Hind , Griggs Jacob , Tosti Antonella
Published: July 2019

Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (PCFCL) is a rare type of indolent, low-grade cutaneous B-cell lymphoma with an excellent prognosis. It usually presents with erythematous nodules and plaques on the head, neck, or back. The diagnosis is primarily based on histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular studies. We describe a case of PCFCL causing a well-defined alopecic atrophic patch. The patch developed in the area of a large subcutaneous nodule that regressed after treatment with rituximab infusion. We hypothesize that the alopecia could have been caused by pressure.
Die Erfassung von Triggerempfindlichkeit und -vermeidung bei primären Kopfschmerzen: Entwicklung und psychometrische Erprobung einer deutschen Version des Headache Triggers Sensitivity and Avoidance Questionnaire (HTSAQ-G)
Authors: Caroli Anna , Klan Timo , Gaul Charly , Liesering-Latta Eva , Martin Paul R. , Witthöft Michael
Published: July 2019

Hintergrund: Die Vermeidung von Kopfschmerzauslösern kann zur Entwicklung primärer Kopfschmerzerkrankungen führen. Daraus können verhaltenstherapeutische Behandlungsoptionen abgeleitet werden, die auf einen differen­zierten Umgang mit Kopfschmerztriggern abzielen. Zur ­Unterstützung der Therapieevaluation und -planung bei primären Kopfschmerzen wurde im englischsprachigen Raum der Fragebogen Headache Triggers Sensitivity and Avoidance Questionnaire (HTSAQ) entwickelt. Patienten und Methoden: Der HTSAQ wurde ins Deutsche übersetzt. Anhand einer Stichprobe von Patienten der Migräne- und Kopfschmerzklinik Königstein (n = 204) wurden dessen psychometrische Eigenschaften ermittelt. Ergebnisse: Der ­HTSAQ-G weist eine gute interne Konsistenz (α = 0,96) und Test-Retest-Reliabilität (r = 0,88) auf. Erwartungskonform zeigten sich mittlere positive Zusammenhänge von Triggerempfindlichkeit und Vermeidungsverhalten mit Depression, Angst, Stress und Schmerzbeeinträchtigung (r = 0,29 bis 0,47) sowie negative Zusammenhänge mit Schmerzakzeptanz (r =–0,27 bis –0,42). Schlussfolgerungen: Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass der HTSAQ-G ein reliables und valides Messinstrument zur Erfassung von Triggerempfindlichkeit und -vermeidung ist. Der HTSAQ-G kann somit im deutschen Sprachraum sowohl für die Evaluation verhal­tenstherapeutischer Behandlungsansätze als auch zur Therapieplanung bei primären Kopfschmerzen von Nutzen sein. Zukünftige Studien sollten mittels explorativer und konfirmatorischer Faktorenanalyse die Faktorenstruktur des ­HTSAQ-G untersuchen, um mögliche unterschiedliche Triggerarten zu identifizieren.
Cueing Hierarchy Is an Effective Language Stimulator Treatment Technique of Language Disorder for Patients with Anomic Aphasia
Authors: Asha Nurvin Jahan , Kamrujjaman Mohammad
Published: July 2019

Background: Stroke and degenerative disease are the cause of anomic aphasia. In this condition, expressive language is affected. Cueing hierarchy (CH) is one of the treatment approaches used to improve the expressive language of naming or efficiency in word retrieval of patients with anomic aphasia. Purpose: In this study, the investigators tried to find out how and what type of changes would occur in the word retrieval (noun) of patients with anomic aphasia using CH. Methods: This study was conducted using a pre-experimental study design. Ten samples were selected by purposive sampling from the Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed (CRP), Savar and Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Results: Before and after the test, the patients were assessed by the BNT (Boston Naming Test) translated in Bangla as a data collection tool and were administered 16 sessions for therapy. The result was analyzed by the inferential statistical parametric related ttest. The result of the participants’ changes was significant in naming performance (p = 0.006 <0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that CH is effective for patients with anomic aphasia. Further study analyzing different settings and patients from all socioeconomic backgrounds and geographic areas of Bangladesh is warranted.
A review of Palaearctic Metachrostis Hübner, [1820] 1816 with description of three new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Eublemminae)
Authors: KONONENKO V. S. , МАТОV A. YU.
Published: July 2019

Eleven of the thirteen Palaearctic species of the genus Metachrostis Hübner, [1820] 1816 are reviewed. Three new species, M. djakonovi sp. n., M. hoenei sp. n. and M. sinevi sp. n. are described from south east Kazakhstan and western Mongolia, south China, Sichuan Prov. and south of Russian Far East. Metachrostis miasma (Hampson, 1891), comb. n. and M. batanga (Draudt, 1950) comb. n. are transferred from the genus Eublemma to Metachrostis. The combination Eublemma melabela Hampson, 1910, comb. rev. for Metachrostis melabela is revalidated. Most treated species are redescribed and the adults and genitalia are illustrated. The genus Metachrostis is reported for the first time from Russia. A checklist of the genus Metachrostis is presented.
Hurleytrematoides justinei n. sp. (Digenea: Monorchiidae) from Valentinnis sharpnose puffer, Canthigaster valentini (Bleeker) (Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae) from Heron Island, Queensland, Australia
Authors: McNAMARA MARISSA K. A. , CRIBB THOMAS H.
Published: July 2019

A new species, Hurleytrematoides justinei n. sp., is described from Valentinni’s sharpnose puffer, Canthigaster valentini, from Heron Island, Queensland, Australia. It is characterized within the genus by a sinistral genital pore opening anterior to the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, a spiny ejaculatory duct ranging from 34 to 61 µm in length, and vitelline follicles extending from about the anterior margin of the testis to the posterior margin of the ventral sucker. Monorchiids are rare in the tetraodontids. This is the third species reported from the family and the first from the genus Canthigaster.
Clarifying the identity of the Japanese Habu-kurage, Chironex yamaguchii, sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Cubozoa: Chirodropida)
Authors: LEWIS CHERYL , BENTLAGE BASTIAN
Published: July 2019

Here we describe the new species Chironex yamaguchii (Cnidaria: Cubozoa) from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. This highly venomous cubomedusa, commonly referred to as Habu-kurage in Japan, is the culprit for several fatalities in Japanese waters. The scientific name adopted for this species in the literature is Chiropsalmus quadrigatus, but our taxonomic investigations show that this represents a case of mistaken identity. In fact, Habu-kurage is a close relative of Chironex fleckeri, which is particularly interesting because the latter has a reputation for being the most venomous animal known. Differences in the shape of the pedalial canal bend, the number of tentacles, and bell size distinguish the two species. In addition to Japan, Chironex yamaguchii is widely distributed in the Philippines.
Fossil ants of the genus Gesomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from the Eocene of Europe and remarks on the evolution of arboreal ant communities
Authors: DLUSSKY GENNADY M. , WAPPLER TORSTEN , WEDMANN SONJA
Published: July 2019

The formicid genus Gesomyrmex is reviewed and several new species are described from the middle Eocene (about 47 Ma) of Grube Messel, Germany, and from the middle Eocene (about 43 Ma) of Eckfeld maar, Germany. The new taxa are Gesomyrmex curiosus n. sp., Gesomyrmex breviceps n. sp., and Gesomyrmex pulcher n. sp. from Messel, and Gesomyrmex flavescens n. sp., and Gesomyrmex germanicus n. sp. from Eckfeld maar. Two previosly described Oligocene species must be excluded from Gesomyrmex. Former G. expectans Théobald, 1937 is transferred to Eoformica expectans (Théobald, 1937) (comb. nov.), and former G. miegi Théobald, 1937 has to be considered as Formicidae incertae sedis (comb. nov.). A key to the living and fossil reproductive female caste (gyne) of the genus Gesomyrmex is provided. Given the fossil records of Gesomyrmex hoernesi Mayr, 1868 from different European amber deposits the presence of this genus in Europe during the Eocene is well established. Both extant and fossil Gesomyrmex species have an arboreal mode of life. The comparison of arboreal ant faunas from Eocene to Recent times shows that their community structure apparently changed considerably during this period. We infer that Gesomyrmex, along with other genera, was most prosperous during the middle Eocene of Europe, and today has a relict distribution in southern Asia.
Revision of the genus Munina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae), with the description of M. laotica sp. nov. from Laos
Authors: BEZDĚK JAN
Published: July 2019

The genus Munina Chen, 1976, and M. donacioides Chen, 1976, are redescribed. Munina laotica sp. nov. from Laos is described. The examined paratype of Munina flavida Yang & Yao, 1997 proved to be a female of M. donacioides Chen, 1976, thus M. flavida is proposed as its new synonym. M. donacioides is reported for the first time from Laos. Male and female genitalia of both species are illustrated. The generic position within Galerucinae is discussed and transfer from Monoleptites Chapuis, 1875 to Antiphites Chapuis, 1875 (tribe Sermylini Wilcox, 1965) is proposed.
Five new species of the longulus-group of Hydroporus Clairville, 1806 from north-eastern Turkey (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)
Authors: FERY HANS , ERMAN ÖMER KÖKSAL
Published: July 2019

Hydroporus artvinensis sp. n., H. cagrankaya sp. n., H. lundbergi sp. n., H. sivrikaya sp. n., and H. toledoi sp. n. (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) are described from north-eastern Turkey. All five species belong to the longulus-group of Hydroporus Clairville, 1806. They are externally very similar and only the males can be distinguished with certainty by the shape of their aedeagi. These are figured for all five new species, together with the female genitalia of H. cagrankaya sp. n. The males of the species have the proand mesotarsi provided with sucker cups, what is demonstrated for H. cagrankaya sp. n. by some SEM photos. The DNA of this species was also studied; the results suggest a close relationship with H. dobrogeanus Ieniştea, 1962, H. gueorguievi Wewalka, 1975, H. kraatzii Schaum, 1868, and H. sardomontanus Pederzani, Rocchi & Schizzerotto, 2004. The present data indicate an allopatric distribution for the new species, each occurring in a rather restricted area. Except H. artvinensis sp. n., they have been found on the northern slope of the Doğu Karadeniz Dağlari, a mountain range south of the coast of the Black Sea. The number of Turkish Dytiscidae is raised to about 145 species and that of the endemic taxa to 23. The total number of the members of the longulus-group increases from 18 to 23 species. Finally, some new records are presented for H. erzurumensis Erman & Fery, 2000.
Revision of the Neotropical genus Goniaspis Duda (Diptera: Chloropidae)
Authors: MLYNAREK JULIA J. , WHEELER TERRY A.
Published: July 2019

The Neotropical genus Goniaspis Duda is revised. The genus includes ten species: G. equalis (Williston) (type locality: Saint Vincent); G. lucia sp. n. (type locality: Saint Lucia); G. lurida sp. n. (type locality: Blue Creek, Belize); G. obscurata Duda (type locality: San José, Costa Rica); G. opaca sp. n. (type locality: San José, Costa Rica); G. rubra (Becker) (type species of genus, type locality: Sierra san Lorenzo, Colombia); G. scutellaris (Williston) (type locality: Saint Vincent); G. subaequalis (Malloch) (type locality: Montserrat, Trinidad); G. truncata (Malloch) (type locality: Trece Aguas, Guatemala); and G. versicolor sp. n. (type locality: La Paz, Bolivia). The identity of G. peruana Duda cannot be determined and it is considered a species inquirenda. All recognized species are described and illustrated, and a key to species is included. Goniaspis has been assigned to the Hippelates genus group (or tribe Hippelatini) in previous higher classifications of the Chloropidae, based primarily on the possession of a strong, ventral, hind-tibial spur. However, this character state is subject to frequent homoplasy in the Chloropidae, and multiple morphological character states suggest that Goniaspis may be more closely related to the genus Elachiptera Macquart.
Species groups of Oriental Ptecticus Loew including descriptions of ten new species with a revised identification key to the Oriental species (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)
Authors: ROZKOŠNÝ RUDOLF , HAUSER MARTIN
Published: July 2019

The species of Oriental Ptecticus are reviewed and ten species are described: P. artocarpophilus sp. nov. from the Philippines; P. bannapensis sp. nov., P. kubani sp. nov. and P. subaurifer sp. nov. from Laos; P. elegans sp. nov. and P. semimetallicus sp. nov. from Nepal; P. fukienensis sp. nov. from southern China; P. indicus sp. nov. from India; and P. infuscatus sp. nov. and P. sarawakensis sp. nov. from Borneo. Five new synonymies are proposed: P. minimus Rozkošný & Kovac, 1997 is a junior synononym of P. shirakii Nagatomi, 1975; P okinawae James, 1950 is a junior synonym of P. aurifer (Walker, 1854); P. tenebrifer (Walker, 1849) is a junior synonym of P. japonicus (Thunberg, 1789); P. wulpii Brunetti, 1907 is a junior synonym of P. melanurus (Walker, 1848), and P. zhejiangensis D. Yang & C. Yang, 1995 is a junior synonym of P. kerteszi de Meijere, 1924. Eight species groups for the Oriental Ptecticus species are defined: aurifer group (6 spp.), australis group (9 spp.), cingulatus group (11 spp.), histrio group (7 spp.), longipennis group (6 spp.), shirakii group (1 sp.), japonicus group (4 spp.), tricolor group (3 spp.) and 5 species remain unplaced. A new identification key to the Oriental Ptecticus species, including references to the published figures of distinguishing characters and basic distributional data, is given.
Revision of some types of Philonthus Stephens and Gabrius Stephens from southern South America (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with nomenclatural notes
Authors: DE MAUS MARIANA CHANI-POSSE
Published: July 2019

Based on my revision of types of southern South American species of Philonthus Stephens, 1829 and Gabrius Stephens, 1829 some nomenclatural changes are proposed. Five species of Philonthus are transferred to Gabrius resulting in the following new combinations: G. argentinus (Bernhauer, 1912), G. hornaditanus (Rambousek, 1925), G. jujuyensis (Bernhauer, 1921), G. nidicola (Bernhauer, 1921) and G. tucumanensis (Bernhauer, 1927). Philonthus hosmanni Bernhauer, 1912 is transferred to Heterothops Stephens, 1829 (Quediina). Five new synonymies within the genus Philonthus are proposed: P. tenebrosus Boheman, 1858 with P. quadraticeps Boheman, 1858 (valid name); P. catamarcanus Bernhauer, 1916 and P. weiseri Bernhauer, 1921 with P. bonariensis Bernhauer, 1909; P. emelinae Coiffait & Sáiz, 1968 with P. discoideus (Gravenhorst, 1802); Philonthus catamarcanus var. densior Bernhauer, 1916 with P. cribriventris Bernhauer, 1912. One old synonym is confirmed: P. perplexus Fairmaire & Germain, 1861 with P. longicornis Stephens, 1832. One new synonymy within the genus Gabrius is proposed: G. chiliensis Coiffait & Sáiz, 1968 with G. nigritulus (Gravenhorst, 1802). Lectotypes are designated for P. argentinus Bernhauer, 1912, P. bonariensis Bernhauer, 1909, P. catamarcanus Bernhauer, 1916, P. cribriventris Bernhauer, 1912, P. hornaditanus Rambousek, 1925, P. jujuyensis Bernhauer, 1921, P. nidicola Bernhauer, 1921, P. perplexus Fairmaire & Germain, 1861, P. quadraticeps Boheman, 1858, P. tenebrosus Boheman, 1858, P. tucumanensis Bernhauer, 1927 and P. weiseri Bernhauer, 1921.
Nomenclatural availability of nomina of new species should always require the deposition of preserved specimens in collections: a rebuttal to Donegan (2008)
Authors: NEMÉSIO ANDRÉ
Published: July 2019

Recently, a paper (Dubois & Nemésio 2007) expressed general views regarding the deposition of vouchers in public collections to serve as onomatophores (name-bearing type specimens), and it was suggested that deposition should be made explicitly compulsory in the Code, to avoid the growing number of descriptions that skip this process opportunistically based on some apparent ambiguities of the Code. Donegan (2008) made several criticisms to that paper, defending a “liberal approach” of the Code concerning the nature of type specimens. Here I present my rebuttal to Donegan (2008), showing point by point that his criticisms are the sum of misunderstandings of the Code and of the ideas presented in Dubois & Nemésio (2007), allied to some biased and very subjective personal interpretations. The arguments used to allow description without the deposition of voucher(s) are once more demonstrated to be based on articles of the Code that do not serve to this end and the suggestions of amendment of the Code presented by Dubois & Nemésio (2007) are shown to adequately accommodate the concerns of conservationists regarding descriptions of species found on the brink of extinction.
Introduced leaf beetles of the Maritime Provinces, 8: Gastrophysa polygoni Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: LESAGE LAURENT , MAJKA CHRISTOPHER G.
Published: July 2019

The taxonomy, nomenclature, identification, introduction history, biology (reproduction, phenology, parasites, predators, host plants), biocontrol potential, susceptibility to pesticides, and economic importance of Gastrophysa polygoni (Linnaeus) in North America are reviewed. This information is part of continuing surveys and research on the adventive leaf beetles of Canada with particular reference to the Maritime Provinces. Known provincial records are confirmed and new locality records are reported for the widely distributed G. polygoni. The introduction timelines and dispersal of the beetle in North America are discussed. Clearly G. polygoni must have been established early in the settlement of North America because reports from the first half of the 19th century already indicated that the species was widely established and common in many locations in the northeastern United States and eastern Canada. Gastrophysa polygoni is beneficial when it feeds on weeds such as Polygonum spp, Fallopia spp, or Rumex spp. It can be a minor pest of cultivated buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.)
Taxonomic revision of the Australian predaceous water beetle genus Carabhydrus Watts, 1978 (Col. Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Hydroporini)
Authors: HENDRICH LARS , WATTS CHRIS H. S.
Published: July 2019

The present paper treats with the enigmatic Australian predaceous water beetle genus Carabhydrus Watts, 1978 (Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Hydroporini) which—except C. stephanieae Watts, Hancock & Leys, 2007—is distributed in forest streams and rivers along the Great Dividing Range of the East Coast and the mountain ranges of SE Australia and Tasmania. The largest species of the genus, Carabhydrus innae sp.n. from southern Victoria and New South Wales, and the smallest, C. storeyi sp.n. from north-eastern Queensland, C. janmillerae sp.n. from south-eastern and C. turaki sp.n. from north-eastern New South Wales are described as new. All species, except C. mubboonus Larson & Storey, 1994, C. niger Watts, 1978 and C. andreas Zwick, 1981, are very rarely collected and mainly known from a few specimens from their type localities. The adults of most species can be found under pebbles and stones and among roots at the edge of running waters, only C. stephanieae has been described from ground water. A key to the ten described species of Carabhydrus is presented, and their distribution and habitats are briefly illustrated.
Morphotaxonomy of the Simulium (Simulium) tuberosum species group (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand
Authors: TANGKAWANIT UBON , KUVANGKADILOK CHALIOW , BAIMAI VISUT , ADLER PETER H.
Published: July 2019

Seventeen cytogenetically distinct taxa of the Simulium (Simulium) tuberosum species group in Thailand were examined morphologically, including Simulium doipuiense (cytoforms A and B), S. manooni, S. rufibasis, S. setsukoae, S. tani (cytoforms A-I), S. weji, S. yuphae, and one unknown species. Identification keys to larvae, pupae, males, and females are provided, along with diagnostic characters for each taxon and a morphology-based phylogeny.
Neocrangon orientalis, a new caridean shrimp species (Crustacea, Decapoda, Crangonidae) from the East China Sea
Authors: HAN QINGXI , LI XINZHENG
Published: July 2019

The Genus Neocrangon Zarenkov, 1965 was one of the most poorly reported genera in the caridean family Crangonidae. Zarenkov (1965) divided the genus Crangon Fabricius, 1758 into two subgenera, ie. Crangon s. str. and his new subgenus Neocrangon, and designed eleven species in the latter, the type species was Crangon communis Rathbun, 1899. Squires and Figueira (1974) followed Zarenkov (1965) and accepted the subgenus Neocrangon. Kuris & Carlton (1977) raised Neocrangon as a separated genus and recognized that only five species, which has two gastric spines as that in the type species from the eleven species designed by Zarenkov (1965), belonging to Neocrangon. The five species were: Neocrangon communis (Rathbun, 1899), N. abyssorum (Rathbun, 1902), N. resima (Rathbun, 1902), N. joloensis (De Man, 1929) and N. zacae Chace, 1937. Then, Wicksten (1996) synonymized N. zacae Chace, 1937 as a junior synonym of N. resima (Rathbun, 1902). Up to date, four species have been recognized in the genus Neocrangon Zarenkov, 1965.When we sorted the crangonid shrimp specimens deposited in the collections of the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao (IOCAS), eight specimens belonging to Neocrangon collected by trawling in the China-America Continental Shelf Cooperative Investigation of the East China Sea (1978–1979) were separated out and were identified belonging to an undescribed species. Based on the specimens, we describe a new species in the present paper. The following abbreviations are used in the text: cl, postorbital carapace length; CN, collection number, referring to the preliminary registration number when the specimen(s) was collected; MBM, Marine Biological Museum of the IOCAS.
Larval morphology in four species of Hylarana from Vietnam and Thailand with comments on the taxonomy of H. nigrovittata sensu latu (Anura: Ranidae)
Authors: GAWOR ANNA , HENDRIX RALF , VENCES MIGUEL , BÖHME WOLFGANG , ZIEGLER THOMAS
Published: July 2019

We describe the tadpole morphology of four species of Hylarana based on larval specimens identified by DNA barcoding. Of these, the larvae of Hylarana attigua and H. maosonensis, two species recently recorded from Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, central Vietnam, had not been previously described; in addition, descriptions of the tadpoles of syntopic H. guentheri and H. nigrovitatta are provided as well. The tadpoles of these four species are generalized exotrophic lentic-benthic forms of Orton’s Type 4 with a depressed body shape, dorsolaterally positioned eyes and a moderate height of tail fins. In contrast to the silver-whitish H. guentheri the preserved tadpoles of H. attigua, H. maosonensis and H. nigrovittata are greenish-brown to greyish. The generalized oral discs exhibit a wide gap of marginal papillae on the upper labium and elongated papillae on the lower labium. In general, the keratodont row formulae of the Hylarana species studied herein is 2(2)/3(1) (sometimes 1/3(1) in H. guentheri). Differences between species mainly concern body shape, size in different developmental stages as well as number and shape of oral papillae. H. nigrovittata larvae from near Chiang Mai in northern Thailand mainly differ from Vietnamese specimens in the number and shape of oral papillae. In concert with adult morphological differences and molecular divergences by molecular data this indicates species-level distinctness of the Vietnamese versus the northern Thai populations.