bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A veinte años de la celebración de la Cumbre de APEC en México
Authors:   Coordinador del Programa en Gobernanza Global en la udlap Jenkins Graduate School, Traslosheros Gerardo
Published: April 2022

A veinte años de la celebración de las reuniones del Foro de Cooperación Económica de Asia Pacífico (APEC, por sus siglas en inglés) en México en el año 2002, en este documento se hace un breve recuento de los orígenes, la evolución y el futuro de APEC, así como de la organización de las reuniones de APEC en México en el año 2002. Se explica la motivación de México para ser sede del Foro, se señalan las prioridades que tuvo México como organizador, así como algunos de los resultados obtenidos. A manera de conclusión se hacen también algunas breves reflexiones y sugerencias, esperando que México pronto vuelva a ser sede del Foro ya que está en falta con los demás miembros.
El proceso de internacionalización de las empresas hoteleras
Authors: Martín Rojo Inmaculada
Published: April 2022

El presente trábalo, realizado tras una revisión de la literatura existente en materia de internacionalización, presenta un estudio sobre la internacionalización de las cadenas hoteleras, haciendo especial referencia a la expansión exterior de los grupos españoles. Una vez conocida la oferta exterior de este sector –cadena internacionalizadas, países a donde dirigen sus inversiones, número de hoteles en estos destinos-, así como los instrumentos y medidas de apoyo desarrollados por la administración española para promover la inversión exterior, se lleva a cabo un trabajo de campo cuyo objetivo es conocer que variables han indicado más en el proceso de expansión de las cadenas españolas en Hispanoamérica en la última década. Finalmente, con base en este estudio empírico se propone algunas actuaciones a desarrollar por estos destinos si quieren seguir atrayendo inversores españoles.
Análisis de las causas de dependencia en las relaciones fabricante distribuidor de los canales de comercialización
Authors: Oubiña Barbolla Javier
Published: April 2022

El sector minorista de los canales de distribución de productos de gran consumo en España, al igual que en otros muchos países, está experimentando un intenso proceso de concentración que afecta a las relaciones de poder existentes entre fabricantes y distribuidores. La literatura relativa al poder establecer como principal base del mismo la dependencia que muestra una organización frente a otra debido a la necesidad de utilizar los recursos proporcionados por la segunda compañía para conseguir sus objetivos. En el presente trabajo, se analizan los factores que determinan la dependencia del fabricante respecto al distribuidor, entre los cuales destacan por su importancia el volumen de ventas, las inversiones específicas en la transacción y el poder compensador.
Indicadores financieros y económicos
Authors: Gaytán Cortés Juan
Published: April 2022

RECOPILACIÓN
Instrumentos financieros del mercado de derivados que se manejan en México
Authors: Pacheco Ornelas Cristina , Urzúa López José de Jesús
Published: April 2022

Las operaciones de comercio internacional, de las que se derivan la movilidad de capitales, intensifican el riesgo de los empresarios inversionistas. En este trabajo se señala la forma para administrar el riesgo; también se presenta un breve bosquejo del marco legal que regula las relaciones entre los presentadores y usuarios de los servicios financieros, así como una breve descripción de los instrumentos financieros que se manejan en el mercado mexicano de derivados y el comportamiento registrado en la demanda de estos servicios.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У ПРОФЕСІЙНІЙ ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ З УСНОГО ПЕРЕКЛАДУ
Authors: Писанко Марія Леонідівна , Зайцева Ірина Володимирівна
Published: April 2022

Нові технологічні умови інформаційного суспільства змінили зміст професійної перекладацької діяльності, яка сьогодні неможлива без використання ІКТ і, відповідно, їх інтеграції в процес підготовки майбутніх перекладачів, зокрема спеціалістів у галузі усного перекладу. Пропонована стаття має за мету проаналізувати актуальний статус використання ІКТ, зокрема інструменти САІТ (Computer Assisted Interpreter Training), у професійній підготовці усних перекладачів; навести критичний огляд засобів ІКТ і перспективних напрямів їх використання у навчанні усного перекладу студентів перекладацьких спеціальностей закладів вищої освіти. Серед найбільш популярних сучасних інструментів САІТ було визначено й описано такі: репозиторії матеріалів медійного характеру, вебсайти, електронні навчальні платформи / системи управління навчанням, віртуальне навчальне середовище ІVY, мобільні додатки і платформи, що базуються на ІР-телефонії, для організації відеоконференцій і спеціальне програмне забезпечення для навчання усного перекладу, зокрема для лінгафонних і компʼютерних класів. Огляд інструментів САІТ дає змогу продемонструвати різні способи використання ІКТ у підготовці усних перекладачів, що можуть бути використані студентами під час самостійної роботи і викладачами для підвищення професійної кваліфікації. Автори також запропонували власний досвід використання інструментів САІТ для організації аудиторної і позааудиторної роботи з усного послідовного і синхронного перекладу з використанням системи управління навчанням Moodle і відеоконференцій у Microsoft Teams і Zoom як в умовах дистанційного навчання, так і з використанням програмного забезпечення Діалог NIBELUNG у компʼютерних класах, що перетворює їх в інтерактивне мультимедійне середовище. У висновках підкреслено необхідність подальшого вивчення проблематики використання освітнього потенціалу ІКТ у підготовці усних перекладачів. Авторами окреслено перспективні напрямки використання віртуального навчального середовища для підготовки усних перекладачів ІVY, розробленого міжнародною групою в межах проєкту Єврокомісії на базі університету Суррея (Великобританія), у закладах вищої освіти України.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ПОБУДОВИ СИСТЕМИ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОЇ ОСВІТИ ІЗ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯМ ГІБРИДНОГО АЛГОРИТМУ НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Пікуляк Микола Васильович , Кузь Микола Васильович , Ворощук Оксана Дмитрівна
Published: April 2022

У статті виконано теоретичний аналіз нейро-нечітких систем, узагальнено та систематизовано їх основні характеристики, деталізовано особливості відомих алгоритмів розробки та обґрунтовано актуальність їх використання для побудови комп’ютеризованих навчальних програм. Представлено структурну модель адаптивної навчальної системи та описано систему вхідних навчальних правил, змодельованих за результатами проведеного експерименту. З метою визначення оцінки поточного рівня навченості студента введено ряд якісних показників (глибина навчання, ступінь та якість засвоєння), використання яких дозволило забезпечити повноту бази вхідних правил для здійснення нечіткого логічного виведення. Запропоновано метод на базі нечіткої нейронної мережі для побудови адаптивного модуля дистанційної системи передачі знань, застосування якого дає можливість підвищити швидкість та точність виконання обрахунків на етапі визначення навчального режиму відповідно до поточного рівня знань студента. Реалізовано адаптивний механізм побудови індивідуальної траєкторії навчання у системі дистанційної освіти на основі нечіткої нейронної мережі Мамдані. Розроблено гібридний алгоритм навчання нейро-нечіткої мережі та наведені етапи його функціонування. Досліджено особливості застосування гібридного алгоритму для визначення навчального режиму та встановлено переваги його використання шляхом паралельного й одночасного уточнення параметрів мережі. Запропоновано блок-схему гібридного алгоритму адаптивного навчального модуля, яка дозволяє мережі під час навчання модифікувати правила виведення відповідно до заданої точності навчання. Проведено експериментальне дослідження застосування гібридного алгоритму з використанням нечіткої нейронної мережі ANFIS в програмі MATLAB, що дозволило підтвердити ефективність запропонованої технології. Визначено перспективи використання математичного апарату нейромережевих технологій у дослідженні адаптивних характеристик автоматизованих навчальних систем.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ НАВЧАННЯ ЗАРУБІЖНОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ У ВИЩІЙ ШКОЛІ
Authors: Кицан Олена Вікторівна , Романов Сергій Миколайович
Published: April 2022

У сфері філологічних дисциплін сьогодні домінують традиційні підходи, попри загалом позитивне ставлення до інтеграції інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій (ІКТ) в освітній процес. У мережі достатньо ресурсів (сайти, блоги, подкасти тощо) для методологічної підтримки навчання, тобто забезпечення надійної і продуктивної співпраці тандему викладач – студент. Літературні курси виявляють найбільшу опірність до технічних інновацій. Можливо, це варто пояснювати й тим, що художня література переважно асоціюється зі світом духовного, естетичного, емоційного, того, що важко уявити, а тим більше поєднати з прагматично-утилітарним кіберпростором. Насправді ж таке бачення проблеми хибне. Використання новаторських підходів здатне суттєво урізноманітнити навчання, наповнити його додатковими і навіть новими сенсами.
Літературу як один із видів мистецтва найбільш повно можна осягнути в синтезі з суміжними галузями – музикою, малярством, театром, кіно, фотографією, навіть сферою кіберігор. У статті увагу зосереджено на можливостях упровадження ІКТ у лінійне, а для сучасної молодої людини, то й, по суті, однобічне «пласке» викладання літератури. Метою праці є вивчення й практичне застосування новітніх педагогічних стратегій, інтегрованих з ІКТ, які можна задіювати в розробленні навчальних курсів для студентів-філологів. На прикладі роману-антиутопії Дж. Орвелла «1984» розкрито можливості ІКТ, зокрема інтернет-інструменту розробки ментальних карт Popplet, сервісу LearningApps.org, інтернет-нотатника Penzu, соціальної мережі Фейсбук тощо.
Апробований на заняттях зі студентами університету новий алгоритм вивчення зарубіжної літератури виявив здатність інтегруватися з традиційною моделлю навчання. У навчальному процесі визначено найбільш оптимальні інформаційні інструменти для кожного етапу роботи – лекційний курс, самостійна підготовка, семінарські заняття. Також ці інструменти дають широкий спектр можливостей для надійного закріплення і креативної реалізації читацького досвіду студентів.
ІНТЕРАКТИВНА КАРТА ДІАЛЕКТІВ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ФАХОВОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТІВ ФІЛОЛОГІЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ
Authors: Міца Олександр Володимирович , Шумицька Галина Василівна , Шаркань Василь Васильович , Венжинович Наталія Федорівна , Дулішкович Георгій Іванович
Published: April 2022

У статті репрезентовано інноваційну технологічну розробку науковців Ужгородського національного університету (інтерактивна карта діалектів), упровадження якої в навчальний процес для філологічних спеціальностей дає можливість оптимізувати навчальну й наукову роботу студентів, особливо в умовах дистанційного та змішаного навчання.
Створений зусиллями фахівців у сфері інформаційних технологій програмний продукт, контент якого наповнюють лінгвісти, дає можливість користувачам вводити діалектний матеріал (дані друкованих діалектологічних атласів, словників, а також самостійно зібраний у польових умовах) до бази даних, представляючи його в потрібних для вивчення української мови аспектах. Такий інноваційний спосіб фіксації мовних даних оптимізує процеси дослідження особливостей українських діалектів та спрощує рутинні процедури зі збирання, накопичення й аналізу емпіричного матеріалу, що становить значний інтерес для мовознавства, історії, археології, етнографії та етнології, культурології, а також для інших науково-навчальних галузей, пов’язаних з дослідженням і вивченням історії та сучасного стану матеріальної й духовної культури етносів, українського зокрема.
Крім міждисциплінарного використання як у навчальному процесі вищої школи, так і в дослідницькому аспекті, перевага розробленого програмного продукту - у можливості його різновекторного масштабування: оскільки потенційно проєкт розрахований не тільки на Україну й українську мову, а й на інші держави й мови, то під час додавання слова доступний вибір країни (на час написання цієї статті доступні Україна та Угорщина).
Унікальність розробки полягає в тому, що вона слугує передусім навчально-науковим інструментом, який добре інтегрує дослідницький потенціал студентів-айтівців (виступають розробниками програмного продукту) та студентів-філологів (його перші тестувальники й наповнювачі контенту). Така синергійна діяльність під час підготовки на перший погляд різновекторних фахівців дає результат, який може бути цікавим для студентів й інших напрямків підготовки (майбутніх істориків, культурологів, туризмознавців тощо).
Coordenação motora: qualidade do movimento do idoso
Authors: Charal Claudiana Marcela Siste , Westphal Greice , Faúndez-Casanova César , Castilho Mario Moreira , Amaral Michele Fernandes do , Soares Geison Schmidt , Martins Fernando Malentaqui , Borim Maria Luiza Costa , Candido Ieda Carla
Published: May 2022

O envelhecer é um acontecimento irreversível no indivíduo, no qual existem perdas significativas que influenciam na qualidade de vida. A coordenação motora é uma das perdas que traz dependência e prejudica a vida do idoso. Portanto este estudo é uma revisão bibliográfica com base em artigos e livros, tendo por objetivo foi definir, classificar coordenação motora e apontar os benefícios da atividade física em idosos. Para o mesmo foi utilizado como descritores os temas: idoso, coordenação motora, exercícios físicos e movimento. Inicialmente realizou-se a busca nos bancos de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Google Acadêmico e em livros periódicos. Esta revisão classificou e apontou qual importância da coordenação motora para o idoso e o impacto da atividade física no mesmo. Portanto conclui-se nesse trabalho que a coordenação motora se inicia desde o nascimento e percorre ao avançar dos anos, devendo ser estimulada para que haja uma sintonia nos movimentos, a prática de atividade física auxilia na melhoria da coordenação, e principalmente os idosos necessitam para melhorar a qualidade de vida e autonomia no envelhecimento.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF RISK PERCEPTIONS AND RELATED PARAMETERS FOR THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: GÖLBAŞI KOÇ Selva Dilan , METİNTAS Selma , KILINÇ Ali , SUNGUR Sevda , ÜNSAL Alaettin , ARSLANTAS Didem , ÖNSÜZ Muhammed Fatih
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: Assessment of risk perception in communities in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is essential for organizing effective interventions. The study aims to determine the level of COVID-19 risk perception and the factors associated with risk perception.
METHODS: It is a cross-sectional study in which 452 participants, who were employees of Eskisehir Osmangazi University, were included between December-2020 and January-2021. The COVID-19 risk perception level was assessed with nine questions by modifying the COVID-19 Instant Monitoring Turkey protocol study questions. The prepared questionnaire included variables of sociodemographic characteristics, transmission risk status, preparedness, self-efficacy, compliance with protective behaviors, actionism(ineffective protection behavior), and confidence in information sources/tools. The 25th percentile and lower scores were evaluated as having low risk perception. The study data were evaluated with univariate and multivariate analysis.
RESULTS: The participants had a mean age of 38.51±9.66 years (46.9% females, 53.1% males). The median COVID-19 risk perception score was 42(Interquartile range: 35-50). In this study, the low COVID-19 risk perception frequency was 26.3%. Being 40 years old and older (OR;%95CI: 1.76;1.12-2.76), the low level of compliance with protective behaviors (1.75;1.09-2.76) and low level of confidence in information sources/tools (2.37;1.49-3.78) were predictive for having a low level of risk perception of COVID-19. Those with a low COVID-19 risk perception were more likely to agree that the restrictions being applied were exaggerated (p=0.001). The most trusted sources of information about COVID-19 were the statements of health professionals and official institutions (p<0.001).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: A low-level risk perception was detected in one out of every four people in the study group. COVID-19 risk perception of individuals should be monitored since it is related to many parameters in epidemic management.
The Effect of Workload and Performance Allowances on Employee Job Satisfaction at the East Jakarta City Administration of Transportation Sub-Dept
Authors: Sukmana Pandji
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to determine and examine the effect of workload and performance allowances individually and jointly on employee job satisfaction at the East Jakarta City Administration Transportation Sub-dept. The research method uses a correlational survey with a quantitative approach, and the sampling technique is a simple random sampling technique, namely simple random sampling. The population in this study was a community of as many as 150 people. In contrast, the samples taken in this study were 60 respondents, with the percentage of inaccuracy determined as much as 10%. The study results: a) From the results of the first hypothesis test, it was obtained that the magnitude of the effect was 51.2%, while other factors influenced the remaining 48.8%. Then the significant test (t-test) t-count 7,799> t-table 2,000. That the first hypothesis is accepted (Ha) means that there is a positive and significant effect between workload on employee job satisfaction at the East Jakarta City Administration Transportation Sub-dept. b) The results of hypothesis testing obtained the magnitude of the influence of 52.8% while other factors influence the remaining 47.2%. Then the significant test (t-test) t-count 8.055>t-table 2.000. The second hypothesis is accepted (Ha) means that there is a positive and significant influence between performance allowances on employee job satisfaction at the East Jakarta City Administration Transportation Sub-dept. c) The results of the hypothesis test obtained the magnitude of the effect was 56.2%. In comparison, the remaining 43.8% was influenced by other factors. Then the significant test (F-test) F-count 36.590>F-table 3.16. The third hypothesis is accepted (Ha) means that there is a positive and significant effect between workload and performance allowance on employee job satisfaction at the East Jakarta City Administration Transportation Sub-dept.
The Diverse Spaces of Play for Today
Authors: Liarou Eleni
Published: April 2022

Of the roughly 300 Play for Today dramas, a dozen have a non-white writer or director and/or deal with the experiences of black and Asian communities in urban England. These dramas are a tiny proportion of the overall body of work but nevertheless offer bold, often uncompromising representations of race, class and generational divisions in 1970s and early 1980s British culture. Focusing on space – in both the physical and cultural sense – this article explores the ways in which the use of location filming, in conjunction with the use of the studio in these dramas, allowed for a greater range of stories to be told, while offering new insights into the social and historical experiences of black and Asian communities. The ‘journey narratives’ of these plays expand the physical and cultural geography of the dramas and temporally connect a complex set of historical experiences, not previously seen on British television.
War and Peace: Play for Today’s Home Front Quintet
Authors: Wyver John
Published: April 2022

Although Play for Today is a strongly contemporary series, for many of its dramas the Second World War and the immediate aftermath are years of considerable significance. Numerous plays refer explicitly to aspects of the war, and nine productions are set wholly or primarily between 1940 and 1945. This article focuses on five of these, all of which were made on film for the later seasons of Play for Today: Licking Hitler (1978), Blue Remembered Hills (1979), The Imitation Game (1980), Country (1980) and Rainy Day Women (1984). Each film aims to offer a revisionist understanding of the conflict, setting out to de-mythologise established myths about the war at home. This article argues that this ‘home front quintet’ forms a significant and, in part at least, a coherent group of dramas within the series. It seeks to identify connections across these dramas, and to understand their politics as engagements with the war and its aftermath during a period that the Conservatives under Margaret Thatcher were consolidating power. My argument is that concerns with landscape, heritage and home, game-playing and simulation, and ideas of self-reflexivity are combined with generic aspects of the war film in ways that challenge understandings of the war at home but also fail to link their re-imaginings of the conflict to credible and progressive presentations of the post-war peace.
The results of the frequency of detection of galvanic couple of metal structures in of the oral mucosal diseases
Authors: Volkov A. G. , Dikopova N. Zh. , Amanatidi G. E. , Volkov N. A. , Nikolskaya I. A. , Eremin D. A. , Guseva O. Yu. , Tursumatov Zh. A. , Pobozhieva L. V. , Shevelyuk Yu. V.
Published: April 2022

The study is devoted to identifying the frequency of detection of galvanic couple of metal structures in various of the oral mucosal diseases. A high difference in the electrochemical potentials of metal structures in the mouth, exceeding 50 mV, was observed in 33% of patients with glossalgia, while in precancerous diseases, such as erosive and ulcerative form of lichen planus, verrucous form of leukoplakia, limited hyperkeratosis of the mucous membrane, galvanic couple with a high difference in electrochemical potentials were found in 78–87% of cases. Due to the high frequency of detection of metal structures with a high difference of electrochemical potentials in patients with oral mucosal diseases, the study to detect galvanic couples of metal structures should be introduced in the list of mandatory measures in the examination.
3D volumetric analysis at implant sites after soft tissue augmentation
Authors: Ashurko I. P. , Tarasenko S. V. , Esayan A. V. , Galyas A. I.
Published: April 2022

Background. The role of soft tissues in the survival of dental implants remains one of the most discussed problem of the modern dentistry. Two main parameters such as the width of the keratinized gingiva and thickness of the peri-implant tissues are known to play an important role in the stability of the dental implants. Soft tissues thickness is necessary to achieve an aesthetic long-term stable result. Different methods for increasing soft tissue thickness are described in the literature.

Materials and methods. Study included 30 patients with insufficient peri-implant soft tissue thickness. All patients underwent buccal soft tissue thickness augmentation by two different methods: collagen matrix (1 group) and free connective tissue graft (2 group). In the study we evaluated the amount of soft tissue thickness gain by using volumetric 3D- analysis.

Results. The amount of soft tissue thickness before surgery was 1,63±0,7 mm in the 1 group, 1,61±0,7 mm in the 2 group. Three months after surgery the amount of soft tissue gain was 1,18±0,11 mm in the 1 group, 1,55 ±0,11 mm in the 2 group.

Conclusion. The use of a free connective tissue graft as well as a collagen matrix is an effective method for increasing the thickness of soft tissues in the peri-implant area.
Yüksek Basınçlı Boru Hat Montajında L-Matris Yöntemi ile Risk Değerlendirmesi
Authors: ÜRÜNVEREN Abdulkadir , EROL İlknur
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmada, yüksek basınçlı doğal gaz boru hattı yapım işlerinde uygulanan, elektrikli ark kaynağı çalışmaları sırasında meydana gelen iş kazaları ve iş günü kayıpları incelenmiştir. Kaynak işlemleri sırasındaki olası tehlike ve riskler, L-Matrisi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Risklerin ortadan kaldırılması ya da kabul edilebilir risk seviyesine indirilmesi amacıyla bazı düzenleyici önleyici faaliyetler yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, kaza olabilirlik oranları incelenmiş, kaza sayılarını düşürmek amacıyla çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.
A SOFT COMPUTING APPROACH TO TRIP GENERATION ESTIMATION IN LAGOS METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
Authors: Akinfala Olanrewaju Oluwafemi , Ogunwolu Folorunso Oladimeji , Onyedikam Chidi
Published: April 2022

Trip generation is an indispensable component of the four-stage transportation planning process because the subsequent three stages are predicated on its results.  Linear regression has been widely adopted to predict trips due to its simplicity and its outperformance of more sophisticated count models and in some cases, soft computing models. The efficacy of regression for estimating trip generation alongside Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Fuzzy Expert System (FES) was examined. The performance of each model was evaluated using metrics such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Coefficient of Determination (R2) and the capability of predicting average trips. The R2 for Regression, ANN and FES were all 0.71. The MAE for Regression, FES and ANN were 0.56, 0.55 and 0.49 respectively. The MSE for Regression, ANN and FES were 1.15, 1.16 and 1.15 respectively. Finally, FES and ANN resulted in average trips of 4.5 in comparison to actual average trips of 4.51 per household,  while regression produced average trips of 4.51. ANN and FES are not superior alternatives to the linear regression model for trip generation modelling. The performance increments gained from adopting these models are marginal and the extra development and computational effort required to apply such sophisticated approaches may not be justified
ASSOCIAÇÃO DE FATORES SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS A FRAGILIDADE E DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS NAS POPULAÇÕES ENVELHECIDAS
Authors: Sousa Adriane Cristina Silva , Sales Ariane Machado , Dias Marcela Fabiani Silva , COSTA ALISSON VIEIRA
Published: April 2022

Introdução: O crescimento da população envelhecida ultrapassa mais de 30 milhões de idosos no Brasil desde 2012 a 2017. De maneira geral, o fenômeno do envelhecimento pode ser explicado pelo processo de desgaste dos fenótipos no organismo, e consequentemente, ocasionar aperda das funções cognitivas, físicas e psíquicas da pessoa idosa. Nesse sentido, o envelhecer se faz  favorável a torná-los vulneráveis e sujeitos a uma série de complicações adversas a saúde, como as doenças crônias, multimorbidades e, até mesmo níveis severos de fragilidade. Objetivo: investigar a associaçãoda fragilidade e doenças crônicasaos fatores sociodemográficos em idosos de diferentes países. Materiais e Métodos: este estudo é uma revisão narrativa de caráter qualitativo, de cunho descritivo, onde utilizou-se a base de dados PUBMED, com os seguintes descritores: Chronic diseases, Multimorbidity, Aging, Elderly, Frailty, Sociodemographic. Resultados: constatou-se que a fragilidade, juntamente as doenças crônicas, teve prevalência nas variáveis associadas a idade avançada, sexo feminino, baixo nível de escolaridade eestado civil, valendo ressaltar que a fragilidade pode ocorrer na ausência das doenças crônicas. Conclusão: As condições adversas a saúde na comunidade idosa, como por exemplo, a fragilidade e as doenças crônicas, precisam ser repensadas, uma vez que políticas de saúde voltadas para a promoção e prevenção, precisam ser estrategicamente formuladas com o intuito de oferecer uma melhor qualidade de vida à pessoa idosa.
Vascular Regulation of Developmental Neurogenesis
Authors: Vogenstahl Johanna , Parrilla Marta , Acker-Palmer Amparo , Segarra Marta
Published: April 2022

Evolutionary studies indicate that the nervous system evolved prior to the vascular system, but the increasing complexity of organisms prompted the vascular system to emerge in order to meet the growing demand for oxygen and nutrient supply. In recent years, it has become apparent that the symbiotic communication between the nervous and the vascular systems goes beyond the exclusive covering of the demands on nutrients and oxygen carried by blood vessels. Indeed, this active interplay between both systems is crucial during the development of the central nervous system (CNS). Several neural-derived signals that initiate and regulate the vascularization of the CNS have been described, however less is known about the vascular signals that orchestrate the development of the CNS cytoarchitecture. Here, we focus on reviewing the effects of blood vessels in the process of neurogenesis during CNS development in vertebrates. In mammals, we describe the spatiotemporal features of vascular-driven neurogenesis in two brain regions that exhibit different neurogenic complexity in their germinal zone, the hindbrain and the forebrain.
COVID-19 Beliefs Among Hispanic and Latinx Virginians: An Application of the Health Belief Model
Authors: Martinez Gonzalez Andrea , Reynolds-Tylus Tobias , Galarreta-Aima Diana , Alemán Carlos G.
Published: April 2022

Introduction

COVID-19 disproportionally affects U.S. Hispanic and Latinx individuals. Guided by the Health Belief Model, we examined COVID-19 beliefs among Hispanic and Latinx adults in Virginia.

Method

Respondents (n = 414) were Hispanic and/or Latinx adults in Virginia recruited via Qualtrics panel between May and September 2021. Approximately two-thirds completed the survey in English (63.0%), and one-third completed the survey in Spanish (37.0%).

Results

Most respondents self-reported as vaccinated (72%). Vaccinated respondents reported greater perceived severity and susceptibility to COVID-19 than unvaccinated respondents. Perceived benefits and barriers to vaccination were identified among vaccinated and unvaccinated respondents, respectively. Among unvaccinated respondents, self-efficacy was greater for individuals who planned to get vaccinated compared with those who did not or were unsure. For cues-to-action, vaccinated and unvaccinated respondents identified credible sources and channels for COVID-19 information.

Conclusion

Our results highlight several opportunities and challenges to promoting COVID-19 awareness and vaccination among Hispanic and Latinx adults.
Association of Neighborhood Alcohol Environment With Alcohol Intake and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in India: Cross-Sectional Evidence From APCAPS
Authors: Li Yingjun , Mallinson Poppy Alice Carson , Aggarwal Aastha , Kulkarni Bharati , Kinra Sanjay
Published: April 2022

There are more and more proofs about the impact of neighborhood alcohol environment on alcohol-associated events. The relationship between the neighborhood availability and accessibility of alcohol outlet with individual level of alcohol consumption along with 11 cardiovascular risk factors was explored for the first time in India using data from the 3rd follow-up of the Andhra Pradesh children and parents study (APCAPS) (n = 6156, for liquor intake and 5,641 for heart and blood vessel risk elements). In fully adjusted models, volunteers in the lowest tertile performed worse than volunteers in the highest tertile of distance to the closest alcohol outlet were more probably to exhibit less alcohol consumption (−14.40 g/day, 95% CI: −26.21, −2.59). A unit per km2 rise in alcohol outlet density in 400 m buffering area was related to a rise in waist circumference (1.45 mm, 95% CI: 0.13, 2.77), SBP (0.29 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.49), and DBP (0.19 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.35). A unit per 100 m rise in distance to the closest alcohol outlet was related to a rise in waist circumference (−2.39 mm, 95% CI: −4.18, −0.59), SBP (−0.41 mmHg, 95% CI: −0.68, −0.15), and DBP (−0.29 mmHg, 95% CI: −0.51, −0.07). Neighborhood availability of alcohol outlets within immediate locality of participants’ households had a closer relationship with cardiovascular risk factors than that within the whole village. Public health policies designed to limit neighborhood availability and accessibility of alcohol outlets ought to be advocated in southern India.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention vs. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Treating In-Stent Restenosis in Unprotected-Left Main: LM-DRAGON-Registry
Authors: Wańha Wojciech , Bil Jacek , Kołodziejczak Michalina , Kowalówka Adam , Kowalewski Mariusz , Hudziak Damian , Gocoł Radosław , Januszek Rafał , Figatowski Tomasz , Milewski Marek , Tomasiewicz Brunon , Kübler Piotr , Hrymniak Bruno , Desperak Piotr , Kuźma Łukasz , Milewski Krzysztof , Góra Bartłomiej , Łoś Andrzej , Kulczycki Jan , Włodarczak Adrian , Skorupski Wojciech , Grygier Marek , Lesiak Maciej , D'Ascenzo Fabrizio , Andres Marek , Kleczynski Paweł , Litwinowicz Radosław , Borin Andrea , Smolka Grzegorz , Reczuch Krzysztof , Gruchała Marcin , Gil Robert J. , Jaguszewski Miłosz , Bartuś Krzysztof , Suwalski Piotr , Dobrzycki Sławomir , Dudek Dariusz , Bartuś Stanisław , Ga̧sior Mariusz , Ochała Andrzej , Lansky Alexandra J. , Deja Marek , Legutko Jacek , Kedhi Elvin , Wojakowski Wojciech
Published: April 2022

Background

Data regarding management of patients with unprotected left main coronary artery in-stent restenosis (LM-ISR) are scarce.

Objectives

This study investigated the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) vs. coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for the treatment of unprotected LM-ISR.

Methods

Consecutive patients who underwent PCI or CABG for unprotected LM-ISR were enrolled. The primary endpoint was a composite of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), target vessel revascularization (TVR), and stroke.

Results

A total of 305 patients were enrolled, of which 203(66.6%) underwent PCI and 102(33.4%) underwent CABG. At 30-day follow-up, a lower risk of cardiac death was observed in the PCI group, compared with the CABG-treated group (2.1% vs. 7.1%, HR 3.48, 95%CI 1.01–11.8, p = 0.04). At a median of 3.5 years [interquartile range (IQR) 1.3–5.5] follow-up, MACCE occurred in 27.7% vs. 29.6% (HR 0.82, 95%CI 0.52–1.32, p = 0.43) in PCI- and CABG-treated patients, respectively. There were no significant differences between PCI and CABG in cardiac death (9.9% vs. 18.4%; HR 1.56, 95%CI 0.81–3.00, p = 0.18), MI (7.9% vs. 5.1%, HR 0.44, 95%CI 0.15–1.27, p = 0.13), or stroke (2.1% vs. 4.1%, HR 1.79, 95%CI 0.45–7.16, p = 0.41). TVR was more frequently needed in the PCI group (15.2% vs. 6.1%, HR 0.35, 95%CI 0.15–0.85, p = 0.02).

Conclusions

This analysis of patients with LM-ISR revealed a lower incidence of cardiac death in PCI compared with CABG in short-term follow-up. During the long-term follow-up, no differences in MACCE were observed, but patients treated with CABG less often required TVR.

Visual overview

A visual overview is available for this article.

Registration

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04968977.
Psycho-Cardiological Disease: A Bibliometric Review From 2001 to 2021
Authors: You Yaping , Shou Xintian , Zhang Xuesong , Fan Shaowei , Chai Ruoning , Xue Wenjing , Hu Yuanhui , He Qingyong
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to gain insight into the progress and dynamics of psycho-cardiological disease research and track its hot spots. We have analyzed psycho-cardiological disease-related literature extracted from the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection from 2001 to 2021 with the help of Cite Space. As a result, we have included 5,032 records. Then, we have analyzed connected networks for the country, author, subject category, keywords, and cited reference. We have summarized the findings in four aspects. First, the annual quantitative distribution of publications is on the rise, although there is a slight drop. Second, in terms of country analysis, the United States, England, Australia, Germany, and Italy are the main research forces in psycho-cardiological diseases. At the same time, several academic entities represented by Andrew Steptoe and Roland von Känel, MD, have been formed based on the early consciousness of physical and mental health in these countries. Besides, China is also more concerned about it due to the rapid population aging process and the largest population. Third, the psycho-cardiological disease is multidisciplinary, including psychology, psychiatry, clinical medicine, such as cardiovascular system and neurology, public environmental and occupational health, and pharmacology. Finally, the results of keyword analysis and co-cited references indicate the hot spots and frontiers in psycho-cardiological disease. The hot spots in psycho-cardiological disease include three aspects. The first aspect includes psychosocial factors, such as depression, lack of social support, and low economic and social status; the second aspect includes priority populations, such as Alzheimer’s disease dementia caregivers, elderly, and patients with cancer, and the third aspect includes interventions, such as exercise therapy and diet. In addition, there are three future research frontiers. The first is a psycho-cardiological disease in patients with COVID-19; the second is cardiac rehabilitation, especially exercise therapy and health behavior evaluation; and the final is evidence-based medical evaluation, such as systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Delaminated Fracturing and its Controls on Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Carbonate Reservoirs of Weak Deformation Regions: A Case Study of the Yuanba Ultra-Deep Gas Field in Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Wang Xinpeng , Chen Shuping , Feng Guimin , Xiao Zhuang , Yuan Haowei , Xu Shidong , Zhao Huaibo
Published: April 2022

Since the discovery of the Yuanba gas reservoir, there has been no unified conclusion of hydrocarbon accumulation. The Feixianguan Formation micrite and argillaceous limestone are controversial as the direct cap rock. This research analyzed the integrity of the limestone layer from delaminated fracturing to judge whether it can be as the caprock and then discuss the mechanism of accumulation. Delaminated fracturing and its controls on hydrocarbon accumulation were studied using seismic data, well logging data, rock mechanic measurements, and petroleum geological data. Mudstones from the Upper Permian Wujiaping Formation serve as the source rock. Changxing Formation dolomite from the Upper Permian is the reservoir rock. The caprock is marlites from the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation. The Changxing Formation had middle-high dip angle fractures formed by integrating pore fluid pressures and the tectonic stresses in the Late Triassic Indosinian Movements. The Feixianguan Formation had horizontal stylolites and fewer fractures, which kept the Feixianguan Formation marlites good caprocks. The adjacent Feixianguan and Changxing formations have their fracture system known as delaminated fractures. As a result, the Upper Permian Changxing Formation dolomite has good reservoir properties, while the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation limestone or marlites have good capping performance. These delaminated fractures are formed because of different lithologies and thicknesses in the carbonate rock series. It is the key factor in controlling the formation of Yuanba Gas Field with weak deformation. Delaminated fracturing suggests a significant exploration potential in carbonate strata with weak deformation, particularly in ultra-deep areas.
Conversion of Gastrointestinal Somatostatin-Expressing D Cells Into Insulin-Producing Beta-Like Cells Upon Pax4 Misexpression
Authors: Garrido-Utrilla Anna , Ayachi Chaïma , Friano Marika Elsa , Atlija Josipa , Balaji Shruti , Napolitano Tiziana , Silvano Serena , Druelle Noémie , Collombat Patrick
Published: April 2022

Type 1 diabetes results from the autoimmune-mediated loss of insulin-producing beta-cells. Accordingly, important research efforts aim at regenerating these lost beta-cells by converting pre-existing endogenous cells. Following up on previous results demonstrating the conversion of pancreatic somatostatin delta-cells into beta-like cells upon Pax4 misexpression and acknowledging that somatostatin-expressing cells are highly represented in the gastrointestinal tract, one could wonder whether this Pax4-mediated conversion could also occur in the GI tract. We made use of transgenic mice misexpressing Pax4 in somatostatin cells (SSTCrePOE) to evaluate a putative Pax4-mediated D-to-beta-like cell conversion. Additionally, we implemented an ex vivo approach based on mice-derived gut organoids to assess the functionality of these neo-generated beta-like cells. Our results outlined the presence of insulin+ cells expressing several beta-cell markers in gastrointestinal tissues of SSTCrePOE animals. Further, using lineage tracing, we established that these cells arose from D cells. Lastly, functional tests on mice-derived gut organoids established the ability of neo-generated beta-like cells to release insulin upon stimulation. From this study, we conclude that the misexpression of Pax4 in D cells appears sufficient to convert these into functional beta-like cells, thus opening new research avenues in the context of diabetes research.
Green Practices: A Solution for Environmental Deregulation and the Future of Energy Efficiency in the Post-COVID-19 Era
Authors: Khan Kanwal I. , Nasir Adeel , Rashid Tayyiba
Published: April 2022

The world has paid increasing attention to energy efficiency projects since the Paris agreement and UN climate summit. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the process of the green energy transition, which has attracted considerable attention from economists, environmentalists, and international organizations and has led to significant research in energy. This study addresses the importance of green energy practices in the post-COVID-19 era to deal with environmental deregulation using bibliometric analysis. Data were extracted from the Scopus database from 2020 to 2022. Results indicate that China gained a prominent place in publishing topic-related articles. However, Italy stands at the top position in total and average article citations. Sustainability is the most productive journal, followed by Energies and the Journal of Cleaner Production. Nazarbayev University and the University of Cambridge are the most contributing research institutes. In general, the cooperation of authors, institutes, and countries strengthens research; however, collaboration at the author level across the nation was lower than in others. The study highlights three research streams and four themes by systematically conducting a bibliometric coupling and co-occurrence network that anticipates and significantly segregates literature. Bibliometric coupling identifies three research streams of sustainable green business strategies, green infrastructure requirements, and green solutions and opportunities from COVID-19. Furthermore, the co-occurrence network proposes four main themes related to green innovation in the epidemic era, security and sustainable development goals with green practices, public health protection and green finance, and investment and risk management. The results provide insights into current research in the field of energy and will assist future work promoting environmentally friendly projects.
A Circ-0007022/miR-338-3p/Neuropilin-1 Axis Reduces the Radiosensitivity of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Activating Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition and PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Zhang Junpeng , Yu Yanyan , Yin Xiaoyang , Feng Lei , Li Zhe , Liu Xiaomeng , Yu Xinshuang , Li Baosheng
Published: April 2022

Radiotherapy resistance is an important cause of treatment failure in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Circular RNAs have attracted a lot of attention in cancer research, but their role in ESCC radiosensitivity has not been elucidated yet. Here, we aimed to evaluated the functional impacts of circ-0007022 on ESCC radiosensitivity. In this study, a stable radiotherapy-resistant cell line was established and verified by a series of functional experiments. Subsequently, high-throughput sequencing revealed that circ-0007022 was significantly overexpressed in the radiotherapy-resistant cell line and this conclusion was verified in ESCC patients’ tumor tissues by real-time quantitative PCR. Moreover, loss-of-function and overexpression experiments in vitro and in vivo revealed that, after irradiation, the abilities of proliferation and migration in circ-0007022-overexpressing stable transgenic strain were significantly higher than that in circ-0007022-knockdown stable transgenic strain. Additionally, RNA Immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, luciferase reporter assays, and fluorescence in situ hybridization experiments demonstrated the mechanism of how circ-0007022 could sponge miR-338-3p and upregulate downstream target of miR-338-3p, neuropilin-1 (NRP1). Moreover, NRP1 led to poor prognosis for ESCC patients receiving radiotherapy, and NRP1 knock-down enhanced radiosensitivity of ESCC cells. Furthermore, circ-0007022 overexpression activated Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and PI3K/Akt pathway, and NRP1 knock-down could reversed this phenomenon. Finally, Akt Inhibitor reversed circ-0007022s role in radiotherapy in ESCC cells. Taken together, the circ-0007022/miR-338-3p/NRP1 axis enhances the radiation resistance of ESCC cells via regulating EMT and PI3K/Akt pathway. The new circRNA circ-0007022 is thus expected to be a therapeutic target for ESCC patients.
Utility of Whole Genome Sequencing for Population Screening of Deafness-Related Genetic Variants and Cytomegalovirus Infection in Newborns
Authors: Xiang Jiale , Zhang Hongfu , Sun Xiangzhong , Zhang Junqing , Xu Zhenpeng , Sun Jun , Peng Zhiyu
Published: April 2022

Background: Hearing loss affects approximately two out of every 1,000 newborns. Genetic factors and congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections account for around 90% of the etiology. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a whole genome sequencing (WGS) approach to detect deafness-related genetic variants and CMV infections simultaneously in newborns.

Method: Deafness-related genes causing congenital or childhood hearing loss were curated and selected for newborn screening. Nine dried blood spots from newborns with known genetic variants (n = 6) or CMV infections (n = 3) were employed to develop and validate the WGS testing and analytic pipeline. We then pilot tested the WGS analysis on 51 de-identified clinical samples.

Results: 92 gene-disease pairs were selected for screening hearing loss in newborns. In the validation test, WGS accurately detected all types of genetic variants, including single nucleotide variations, insertions/deletions, and copy number variations in the nuclear or mitochondrial genome. Sequence reads mapping to the CMV reference genome were discovered in CMV infected samples. In the pilot test, WGS identified nine out of 51 (18%) newborns carrying pathogenic variants associated with deafness.

Conclusion: WGS can simultaneously detect genetic variants and CMV infections in dried blood spot specimens from newborns. Our study provides proof of principle that genome sequencing can be a promising alternative for newborn screening of hearing loss.