bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Signaling Pathway of GP88 (Progranulin) in Breast Cancer Cells: Upregulation and Phosphorylation of c-myc by GP88/Progranulin in Her2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Kim Wes E. , Yue Binbin , Serrero Ginette
Published: May 2016

Her2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in 25% of breast tumors. We have shown that the 88 kDa autocrine growth and survival factor GP88 (progranulin) stimulated Her2 phosphorylation and proliferation and conferred Herceptin resistance in Her2-overexpressing cells. Herein, we report that GP88 stimulates c-myc phosphorylation and upregulates c-myc levels in Her2-overexpressing cells. c-myc phosphorylation and upregulation by GP88 were not observed in non-Her2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. c-myc activation was inhibited upon treatment with ERK, PI3 kinase, and c-src pathway inhibitors, U0126, LY294002, and PP2. GP88 also stimulated c-src phosphorylation, a known upstream regulator of c-myc. Thus, we describe here a signaling pathway for GP88 in Her2-overexpressing cells, with GP88 stimulating Src phosphorylation, followed by phosphorylation and upregulation of c-myc. These data would suggest that targeting GP88 could provide a novel treatment approach in breast cancer.
Mini Surgical Simulation, Role Play, and Group and Behavioral Interviews in Resident Selection
Authors: Ogunyemi Dotun , Alexander Carolyn , Tangchitnob Edward , Kim David Seil
Published: May 2016

A robust selection process is critical to residents' “cultural fit” and success in their program. Traditional selection methods have shortcomings.Background

 We describe a novel residency interview process for obstetrics-gynecology residents that incorporates behavioral, group, and surgical simulation multiple mini interviews (MMIs).Objective

 In 2010, the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center obstetrics-gynecology residency program developed surgical simulation, role play, ethics group interview, and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education competency-based behavioral interview stations.Methods

 From 2010 to 2012, a total of 199 applicants were interviewed, 62 ranked in the top 20, and 18 matched into the program. The MMI scores for interview stations were used in compiling our rank list and were found to adequately differentiate candidates. The MMI mean scores for role play, ethics interview, surgical simulation, and the behavioral interview for the top 20 ranked candidates were statistically significantly higher than those for other applicants. Standardized tests minimally correlated with various interview modalities. Applicants found the interview process acceptable. Implementing these MMI stations increased the total applicant interview time for the day by 15% (from 5.5 to 6.5 hours) and increased the face-to-face interview time from 2 to 4 hours. Approximately 42 hours of coordinator time was required for the yearly interview cycle.Results

 A multifaceted interview process utilizing MMI, group interview, and surgical simulation MMI is feasible and acceptable. The approach may decrease subjectivity and reliance on traditional interview methods and facilitate the selection of “compatible” residents into the program.Conclusions
Em busca do outro/Em busca de si: colaboração, engajamento, interesses mútuos e cruzamento de competências em processos artísticos
Authors: Wasem Marcelo Simon
Published: May 2016

O presente artigo busca traçar algumas considerações acerca de trabalhos de arte de cunho mais processual e colaborativo, nos quais os papéis do artista, obra e público são deslocados de suas posturas mais tradicionais e provocam questionamentos no próprio fazer artístico. A preocupação com as especificidades do local ganha outras nuances quando este não é mais concebido como um espaço-receptáculo, mas sim explorado e ouvido em suas diversas esferas e camadas a fim de que dinâmicas de desterritorialização possam atuar e reinventar modos de vida. Serão analisados alguns conceitos-chave, como o da “arte socialmente engajada”, além de relatar o projeto de criação de uma rádio comunitária e seus desdobramentos na região periférica de Florianópolis.Palavras-chave: arte colaborativa, arte socialmente engajada, cruzamento de competências
Hipervisibilidade e self-disclosure: novas texturas da experiência social nas redes digitais
Authors: De Abreu Carla
Published: May 2016

A emergência das redes sociais alterou as formas de expressão e de socialização nas sociedades contemporâneas, influenciando as maneiras como nos relacionamos com o outro e com as visualidades. Hoje, as pessoas estão aprendendo a manejar qualitativamente aspectos de sua identidade para serem publicados nas interfaces sociais. Mediadas pelas tecnologias, essas pessoas estão experimentando novos posicionamentos de gênero e sexualidade. As reflexões deste artigo partem dos resultados parciais da investigação de doutorado e examina as práticas de ver e ser visto nas redes sociais, em particular, se centra em duas questões determinantes para entender essas experiências desde o digital: hipervisibilidade e self-disclosure. Palavras-chave: hipervisibilidade, autorrevelação, redes sociais
Coreografar Historias da arte da performance. Moments. A History of Performance in 10 Acts
Authors: Bénichou Anne
Published: May 2016

Numerosas exposições têm sido recentemente organizadas em torno de um encontro da performance e da dança contemporânea. As instituições tradicionalmente dedicadas às artes visuais abrem-se a performance, ao mesmo tempo que a dança. Os coreógrafos cada vez mais numerosos preferem as galerias dos museus e dos centros de exposição que a sala de espetáculo tradicional. Esses fenômenos podem contribuir a renovar os modos de pensar a memória e a transmissão da arte da performance? (...) Tradução: Samuel de JesusRevisão da tradução: Anahy Jorge
Innovation in retail: influence of ICT and its impact on customer satisfaction
Authors:   Facultad de Economía. Edif. Dep. Oriental. Av. Tarongers s/n. 46022 Valencia (España). antonio.marin@uv.es, Marín García Antonio , Gil Saura Irene ,   Facultad de Economía. Edif. Dep. Oriental. Av. Tarongers s/n. 46022 Valencia (España). irene.gil@uv.es
Published: May 2016

Traditionally, the literature has defined “innovation” as an aspect necessary for economic and competitive development of companies and / or industries. It has been considered a decisive factor for wealth creation and growth of economies. This paper intends to carry out an approach to the concept of “innovation in retailing”, identifying its nature and scope, and defining associations with traditional variables in marketing research such as the benefits and costs of the relationship, consumer perceived satisfaction and loyalty towards the establishment. A theoretical model is proposed and investigated through an empirical study conducted on a sample of 300 consumers, customers of two retail food establishments, ranked supermarkets and hypermarkets. For the analysis of the data obtained and in order to estimate the structural model, use was made of the technique of partial least squares regression (PLS) and the software used was Smart PLS (version 3.0). The analysis of the results demonstrates the relationship between ICT and innovation in retail, and of the latter with the benefits / sacrifices effect chain of the relationship, and satisfaction. Additionally, the outcomes of the study also confirm the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty towards the establishment.
Are School Counselors Impacting Underrepresented Students’ Thinking about Postsecondary Education? A Nationally Representative Study
Authors: Cholewa Blaire , Burkhardt Christina K. , Hull Michael F.
Published: May 2016

Using the HSLS:09 data set and social capital theory as a framework, the authors examined which student and school characteristics predicted students’ identification of their school counselor as the person who had the most influence in their thinking about postsecondary education (N = 3,239,560). Results indicated that African American, first-generation, and private school students were more likely to name their counselor as having had the greatest influence. The article discusses future research and implications for policy, practice and training.
Orographic Effects on Supercell: Development and Structure, Intensity and Tracking
Authors: Smith Galen M , Lin Yuh-Lang , Rastigejev Yevgenii
Published: May 2016

Orographic effects on tornadic supercell development, propagation, and structure are investigated using Cloud Model 1 (CM1) with idealized bell-shaped mountains of various heights and a homogeneous fluid flow with a single sounding. It is found that blocking effects are dominative compared to the terrain-induced environmental heterogeneity downwind of the mountain. The orographic effect shifts the storm track towards the left of storm motion, particularly on the lee side of the mountain, when compared to the storm track in the control simulation with no mountain. The terrain blocking effect also enhances the supercells inflow, which was increased more than one hour before the storm approached the terrain peak. The enhanced inflow allows the central region of the storm to exhibit clouds with a greater density of hydrometeors than the control. Moreover, the enhanced inflow increases the areal extent of the supercells precipitation, which, in turn enhances the cold pool outflow serving to enhance the storm’s updraft until becoming strong enough to undercut and weaken the storm considerably. Another aspect of the orographic effects is that downslope winds produce or enhance low-level vertical vorticity directly under the updraft when the storm approaches the mountain peak.
High-Throughput Analytical Techniques for Determination of Residues of 653 Multiclass Pesticides and Chemical Pollutants in Tea, Part VI: Study of the Degradation of 271 Pesticide Residues in Aged Oolong Tea by Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Its Application in Predicting the Residue Concentrations of Target Pesticides
Authors: Chang Qiao-Ying , Pang Guo-Fang , Fan Chun-Lin , Chen Hui , Wang Zhi-Bin
Published: May 2016

The degradation rate of 271 pesticide residues in aged Oolong tea at two spray concentrations, named a and b (a < b), were monitored for 120 days using GC–tandem MS (GC-MS/MS). To research the degradation trends and establish regression equations, determination days were plotted as horizontal ordinates and the residue concentrations of pesticide were plotted as vertical ordinates. Here, we consider the degradation equations of 271 pesticides over 40 and 120 days, summarize the degradation rates in six aspects (A–F), and discuss the degradation trends of the 271 pesticides in aged Oolong tea in detail. The results indicate that >70% of the determined pesticides coincide with the degradation regularity of trends A, B, and E, i.e., the concentration of pesticide will decrease within 4 months. Next, 20 representative pesticides were selected for further study at higher spray concentrations, named c and d (d > c > b > a), in aged Oolong tea over another 90 days. The determination days were plotted on the x-axis, and the differences between each determined result and first-time-determined value of target pesticides were plotted on the y-axis. The logarithmic function was obtained by fitting the 90-day determination results, allowing the degradation value of a target pesticide on a specific day to be calculated. These logarithmic functions at d concentration were applied to predict the residue concentrations of pesticides at c concentration. Results revealed that 70% of the 20 pesticides had the lower deviation ratios of predicted and measured results.
A New Recipe: No More Cookbook Lessons
Authors: Harper Suzanne R. , Edward Michael Todd
Published: May 2016

Cookbook materials can be readily transformed into lessons that reflect a genuine inquiry approach.
Technology Tips: Teaching Sampling Distributions Using Autograph
Authors: Kett James R.
Published: May 2016

The author uses Autograph, a powerful software program, to illustrate sampling distributions and to demonstrate the central limit theorem.
Introducing Volume 17
Authors: Knox Lori
Published: May 2016

As we begin this new volume year, I am excited to begin my tenure as the chair of the MTMS Editorial Panel. In May 2011, I had the privilege of attending the NCTM Annual Leadership Summit and was amazed by the tremendous work of the members of the Board of Directors, the chairs of other committees, and the staff at NCTM–all on behalf of teachers. A true spirit of teamwork and a contagious enthusiasm for the art of teaching mathematics were much in evidence when the group met.
Math Explorations: Hanging in the Balance
Authors: Matteson Shirley M. , Wilhelm Jennifer
Published: May 2016

A physical balance scale can be a useful tool to help students understand the concept of balancing equations. However, some students may have misconceptions about the concept of balance even when using a physical model, focusing on the amount of weight only and ignoring the placement of the weight. Although most students at some point in their lives have been on a teeter-totter or seesaw, they rarely connect those playground objects with the mathematical principles involved in using a simple tool such as a lever.
Quick Reads: Three Heads Are Better Than One
Authors: Matteson Shirley M.
Published: May 2016

Students work in a group of three to reflect on their assessment performance while developing mathematical reasoning and communication skills.
Geometry Sleuthing in Literature
Authors: Wallace Faith H. , Evans Mary Anna , Stein Megan
Published: May 2016

Mysteries and detective stories that highlight technical vocabulary can seamlessly become part of math class.
Making the Most of Universal Design for Learning
Authors: Hunt Jessica H. , Andreasen Janet B.
Published: May 2016

More than just accommodation, this framework is designed to help teachers reach all students—no matter their level of ability.
Welcome to Volume 18
Authors: Carter Tyrette S.
Published: May 2016

Share news about happenings in the field of elementary school mathematics education, views on matters pertaining to teaching and learning mathematics in the early childhood or elementary school years, and reactions to previously published opinion pieces or articles.
Math in Riley's World
Authors: Kritzer Karen L.
Published: May 2016

Capitalize on natural opportunities to engage young children with math in their world, contribute to their kindergarten readiness, and develop five-year-old mathematicians.
Using Technology to Understand Rate of Change
Authors: Suh Jennifer , Fulginiti Kerri
Published: May 2016

The following series of learning activities are from an afterschool math club called Go Go Gizmos that focuses on modeling mathematics with the use of technologies. This account describes how a classroom teacher and a math educator taught and assessed students' understanding of the rate of change using a variety of technologies. In particular, we chose data collection probeware called Go!Motion, which is a stand-alone motion-data-collection device from Vernier that sends data to the computer for analysis and simulation applets from http://explorelearning.com. The Go!Motion device can be connected to a computer and displays an interactive real-time spreadsheet with graphing capabilities. The objectives in the unit were for students to investigate physical representations of slope as a rate of change in mathematics and as velocity in science and the y-intercept as the initial condition, or starting position. In these investigations, students and teachers become partners in developing mathematical ideas and solving math problems (NCTM 2000).
Quelle gouvernance pour la culture et le secteur culturel?
Authors: Weber Raymond
Published: May 2016

RÉSUMÉ : Le thème de la gouvernance culturelle est abordé sous une triple approche : approche historique ; approche par la coopération au développement et les relations internationales ; approche par la société du savoir, l'économie créative et les tic. Aujourd'hui, les politiques culturelles, en se fondant sur les droits culturels et sur une autre "gouvernance", pourront mieux répondre aux défis du monde de demain.Mots-clefs : bonne gouvernance, gouvernance mondiale, coopération au développement, développement durable, société créative, Agenda 21 de la Culture.-RESUM: El tema de la governança cultural queda englobat en un enfocament triple: l'enfocament històric, l'enfocament de la cooperació al desenvolupament i les relacions internacionals, i l'enfocament de la societat del saber, l'economia creativa i les tic. Avui en dia, les polítiques culturals, en basar-se en drets culturals i en una altra «governança», podran respondre de manera més satisfactòria als desafiaments del demà.Paraules clau: bona governança, governança mundial, cooperació al desenvolupament, desenvolupament sostenible, societat creativa, Agenda 21 de la Cultura.RESUMEN: El tema de la gobernanza cultural queda englobado en un enfoque triple: el enfoque histórico, el enfoque de la cooperación al desarrollo y las relaciones internacionales, y el enfoque de la sociedad del saber, la economía creativa y las tic. Hoy en día, las políticas culturales, al basarse en derechos culturales y en otra «gobernanza», podrán responder de manera más satisfactoria a los desafíos del mañana.Palabras clave: buena gobernanza, gobernanza mundial, cooperación al desarrollo, desarrollo sostenible, sociedad creativa, Agenda 21 de la Cultura.-ABSTRACT: The question of cultural governance is dealt with from three approaches: the historical approach, the development cooperation and international relations approach, and the knowledge society, creative economy and ict approach. Today, cultural policies, based on cultural rights and on other "governance", will be better placed to meet the challenges of tomorrow. Keywords: good governance, world governance, development cooperation, sustainable development, creative society, Agenda 21 for Culture.
Cultural governance in sustainable cities
Authors: Duxbury Nancy
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: The paper proposes a three-part system of cultural governance for sustainable cities: culturally sensitive sustainability governance processes and structures, a cultural lens on all public policies/decisions and a sustainability approach to cultural policy/planning and governance.Keywords: urban cultural policy, urban sustainable development, cultural sustainability, cultural governance.-RESUM: Aquest article proposa un sistema tripartit de governança cultural per a ciutats sostenibles: processos i estructures de governança de la sostenibilitat amb sensibilitat cultural, una òptica cultural en totes les polítiques o decisions públiques i un enfocament sostenible de la política o planificació cultural i de la governança.Paraules clau: política cultural urbana, desenvolupament urbà sostenible, sostenibilitat cultural, governance cultural.-RESUMEN: Este artículo propone un sistema tripartito de gobernanza cultural para ciudades sostenibles: procesos y estructuras de gobernanza de la sostenibilidad con sensibilidad cultural, una óptica cultural en todas las políticas o decisiones públicas y un enfoque sostenible de la política/planificación cultural y de la gobernanza.Palabras clave: política urbana cultural, desarrollo urbano sostenible, sostenibilidad cultural, gobernanza cultural.
Literature Review on Cultural Governance and Cities
Authors: Baltà Portolés Jordi , Čopič Vesna , Srakar Andrej
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: This article, written by Vesna Čopič, Andrej Srakar and Jordi Baltà, examines recent literature in the field of cultural governance, with particular emphasis on its implications for local cultural policies.Keywords: Cultural governance, cultural policy, cities, local governments, decentralisation, governance.-RESUM: Aquest article, escrit per Vesna Čopič, Andrej Srakar i Jordi Baltà, analitza la bibliografia recent en l'àmbit de la governança cultural, amb especial èmfasi sobre les seues conseqüències en les polítiques culturals locals.Paraules clau: governança cultural, política cultural, ciutats, administracions locals, descentralització, governança.-RESUMEN: Este artículo, escrito por Vesna Čopič, Andrej Srakar y Jordi Baltà, examina la bibliografía reciente en el ámbito de la gobernanza cultural, con especial atención a sus repercusiones en las políticas culturales locales. Palabras clave: gobernanza cultural, política cultural, ciudades, administraciones locales, descentralización, gobernanza.
Ens hem quedat sense energia, què fem? Un projecte per formar consciència ciutadana.
Authors: Segarra Marín Hermini
Published: May 2016

Habituats a les comoditats que ens ofereix la ciutat, no ens adonem de tots els processos que s'han anat creant amb la intenció de facilitar-nos la vida i, que poc a poc, han condicionant el nostre estil de vida.Possiblement el model d'educació que hem rebut no ens ha preparat per a identificar analitzar i valorar els problemes que aquesta situació duu implícits.En aquest contextl hem dissenyat i dut a terme el projecte “Ens hem quedat sense energia, què fem?”, amb la intenció de fomentar la participació, el treball cooperatiu i l'esperit crític. El desenvolupament del projecte suposa la recerca de gran quantitat d'informació relacionada amb els aspectes treballats en cada comissió i contextualitzada en el nostre poble.Després d'aquesta experiència, el que proposem va més enllà de les parets de l'escola, perquè hem de ser conscients de que aquest procés formatiu ha de continuar al llarg de tota la vida.
Crisis de régimen, refundación y/o ruptura
Authors: Pastor Verdú Jaime
Published: May 2016

La crisis de régimen a la que estamos asistiendo obliga a recordar sus orígenes en la Transición Política y en el posterior proceso de integración en “Europa” y en la eurozona. En ese marco se analiza la evolución de las relaciones entre la ciudadanía y las distintas instituciones del régimen para adentrarse en los efectos generados por la crisis sistémica global y europea a partir de 2008, así como en la relevancia del ciclo de protestas abierto con el Acontecimiento del 15 de mayo de 2011. La crisis del Estado autonómico y la cuestión catalana también son tenidas en cuenta. Se concluye constatando un vaciamiento creciente del “Estado social, democrático y de derecho” y, con él, del régimen y del “proyecto europeo” para apuntar finalmente algunas hipótesis sobre las alternativas en términos de “refundación” o “ruptura” que parecen desplegarse en la actualidad.
No a la Troika en Portugal: movimiento y resistencias
Authors: Camargo João
Published: May 2016

Ebulição – as movimentações populares e anti-austeritárias em Portugal 2011 – 2014A descrição e análises deste artigo representam exclusivamente a opinião do seu autor e não veiculam nenhuma das organizações a que pertence. São apenas uma amostra da ebulição total que varreu o país em três anos, que produziu quatro greve gerais (duas das quais convocadas pelas duas centrais sindicais), as três maiores manifestações das últimas décadas, centenas de greves sectoriais e parciais, milhares de protestos locais, sectoriais, nacionais e internacionais, ocupações, invasões, conflitos. Este período assistiu à criação de centenas de movimentos sociais, dezenas de iniciativas abrangentes de resistência à austeridade, graves derrotas e importantes vitórias. Faltarão neste descrição muitas lutas importantes que ocorreram neste período de convulsão histórica. Muito ficará por contar, mas algo pode concluir-se desde já: nada ficou como antes e a ebulição está longe de terminada.[! El autor incluirá un resumen ampliado para su publicación]
An idealized stratospheric model useful for understanding differences between long‐lived trace gas measurements and global chemistry‐climate model output
Authors: Ray Eric A. , Moore Fred L. , Rosenlof Karen H. , Plummer David A. , Kolonjari Felicia , Walker Kaley A.
Published: May 2016

We use a modified version of the tropical leaky pipe (TLP) model of the stratosphere to explore how well an idealized model can (1) reproduce global chemistry‐climate model (CCM) output and (2) constrain transport characteristics necessary to replicate measurements of long‐lived trace gases. The version of the TLP model we use includes the simulation of long‐lived trace gases, such as SF6 and CO2, as well as photochemically active trace gases such as CFC‐11, CFC‐12, and N2O. The TLP model was found to accurately replicate trace gas output from the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM) for time‐averaged profiles in the tropics and each extratropical region. Given confidence that the TLP model represents the basic transport features in CMAM we then used the TLP model to interpret differences between CMAM output and measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment and balloons. The TLP model is shown to uniquely determine residual mean circulation and recirculation (mixing between the extratropics and tropics) changes necessary for CMAM to more accurately simulate the measurements. Such guidance on these transport parameters is novel due to the relatively high precision and the simultaneous derivation of important parameters, as compared to previous studies. The TLP model can ideally be used as a bridge between measurements and CCMs to potentially allow more targeted modification of the CCMs than would otherwise be possible.
Insights into riming and aggregation processes as revealed by aircraft, radar, and disdrometer observations for a 27 April 2011 widespread precipitation event
Authors: Giangrande Scott E. , Toto Tami , Bansemer Aaron , Kumjian Matthew R. , Mishra Subhashree , Ryzhkov Alexander V.
Published: May 2016

This study presents aircraft spiral ascent and descent observations intercepting a transition to riming processes during widespread stratiform precipitation. The sequence is documented using collocated scanning and profiling radar, including longer‐wavelength dual polarization measurements and shorter‐wavelength Doppler spectra. Riming regions are supported using aircraft measurements recording elevated liquid water concentrations, spherical particle shapes, and saturation with respect to water. Profiling cloud radar observations indicate riming regions during the event as having increasing particle fall speeds, rapid time‐height changes, and bimodalities in Doppler spectra. These particular riming signatures are coupled to scanning dual polarization radar observations of higher differential reflectivity (ZDR) aloft. Reduced melting layer enhancements and delayed radar bright‐band signatures in the column are also observed during riming periods, most notably with the profiling radar observations. The bimodal cloud radar Doppler spectra captured near riming zones indicate two time‐height spectral ice peaks, one rimed particle peak, and one peak associated with pristine ice needle generation and/or growth between −4°C and −7°C also sampled by aircraft probes. This pristine needle population gives a partial explanation for the enhanced ZDR we observe near this rimed particle region. The riming signatures aloft and radar measurements within the melting level are weakly lag correlated (r~0.6) with smaller median drop sizes at the surface, as compared with later times when aggregation of larger particle sizes was believed dominant.
Influences and interactions of inundation, peat, and snow on active layer thickness
Authors: Atchley Adam L. , Coon Ethan T. , Painter Scott L. , Harp Dylan R. , Wilson Cathy J.
Published: May 2016

Active layer thickness (ALT), the uppermost layer of soil that thaws on an annual basis, is a direct control on the amount of organic carbon potentially available for decomposition and release to the atmosphere as carbon‐rich Arctic permafrost soils thaw in a warming climate. We investigate how key site characteristics affect ALT using an integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal hydrology model. ALT is most sensitive to organic layer thickness followed by snow depth but is relatively insensitive to the amount of water on the landscape with other conditions held fixed. The weak ALT sensitivity to subsurface saturation suggests that changes in Arctic landscape hydrology may only have a minor effect on future ALT. However, surface inundation amplifies the sensitivities to the other parameters and under large snowpacks can trigger the formation of near‐surface taliks.
Dendritic network models: Improving isoscapes and quantifying influence of landscape and in‐stream processes on strontium isotopes in rivers
Authors: Brennan Sean R. , Torgersen Christian E. , Hollenbeck Jeff P. , Fernandez Diego P. , Jensen Carrie K. , Schindler Daniel E.
Published: May 2016

A critical challenge for the Earth sciences is to trace the transport and flux of matter within and among aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric systems. Robust descriptions of isotopic patterns across space and time, called “isoscapes,” form the basis of a rapidly growing and wide‐ranging body of research aimed at quantifying connectivity within and among Earth's systems. However, isoscapes of rivers have been limited by conventional Euclidean approaches in geostatistics and the lack of a quantitative framework to apportion the influence of processes driven by landscape features versus in‐stream phenomena. Here we demonstrate how dendritic network models substantially improve the accuracy of isoscapes of strontium isotopes and partition the influence of hydrologic transport versus local geologic features on strontium isotope ratios in a large Alaska river. This work illustrates the analytical power of dendritic network models for the field of isotope biogeochemistry, particularly for provenance studies of modern and ancient animals.
Elevation of glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B in type 1 Gaucher disease patients and mouse models
Authors: Kramer Gertjan , Wegdam Wouter , Donker‐Koopman Wilma , Ottenhoff Roelof , Gaspar Paulo , Verhoek Marri , Nelson Jessica , Gabriel Tanit , Kallemeijn Wouter , Boot Rolf G. , Laman Jon D. , Vissers Johannes P.C. , Cox Timothy , Pavlova Elena , Moran Mary Teresa , Aerts Johannes M. , van Eijk Marco
Published: May 2016

Gaucher disease is caused by inherited deficiency of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase. Proteome analysis of laser‐dissected splenic Gaucher cells revealed increased amounts of glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (gpNMB). Plasma gpNMB was also elevated, correlating with chitotriosidase and CCL18, which are established markers for human Gaucher cells. In Gaucher mice, gpNMB is also produced by Gaucher cells. Correction of glucocerebrosidase deficiency in mice by gene transfer or pharmacological substrate reduction reverses gpNMB abnormalities. In conclusion, gpNMB acts as a marker for glucosylceramide‐laden macrophages in man and mouse and gpNMB should be considered as candidate biomarker for Gaucher disease in treatment monitoring.
Effect of wetting difference across junction on dynamics of drops impacting on the junction of dual‐textured surfaces
Authors: Vaikuntanathan Visakh , Sivakumar D.
Published: May 2016

The effect of wetting difference across the junction of smooth and groove‐textured portions of a dual‐textured surface on the various stages in the dynamics of liquid drops impacting on the junction is reported. Two dual‐textured surfaces with substantially different wetting difference across their junction, Δθe = 65° and 25°, made of intrinsically hydrophilic stainless steel and intrinsically hydrophobic poly‐di‐methyl‐siloxane (PDMS) are considered. The effect of wetting difference across the junction is dominantly seen on the net drop drift velocity and subsequent bulk drop movement, ξ. ξ on the PDMS dual‐textured surface is less than that on the stainless dual‐textured surface due to the lower wetting difference across the junction of the former. The variation of ξ with impact velocity shows a contrasting trend between the stainless steel and PDMS dual‐textured surfaces due to the difference in critical impact velocity corresponding to drop impregnation on their groove‐textured portions. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 4109–4118, 2016
Carleman approximation based quasi‐analytic model predictive control for nonlinear systems
Authors: Fang Yizhou , Armaou Antonios
Published: May 2016

This manuscript aims at developing a nonlinear model predictive controller formulation based on Carleman approximation. It approximates the nonlinear dynamic constraints with polynomial ones through Taylor expansion. Then, it extends the state variables to higher orders following the Kronecker product rule and expresses the nonlinear dynamic constraints with an extended bilinear representation. With little loss of nonlinear information, the formulation enables analytical prediction of future states. It also analytically calculates the sensitivity of the cost function to the manipulated inputs to facilitate the search algorithm by serving as the gradient. We present a brief analysis of error accumulation caused by Carleman approximation and then improve the accuracy of the approach by resetting extended states periodically. The idea of efficient temporal discretization is embedded in control vector parameterization to improve the controller performance. The advantages are illustrated in two applications where we solve a tracking problem and a regulation problem. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 3915–3929, 2016
An emerging, recognizable facial phenotype in association with mutations in GLI‐similar 3 (GLIS3)
Authors: Dimitri Paul , De Franco Elisa , Habeb Abdelhadi M. , Gurbuz Fatih , Moussa Khairya , Taha Doris , Wales Jerry K. H. , Hogue Jacob , Slavotinek Anne , Shetty Ambika , Balasubramanian Meena
Published: May 2016

Neonatal diabetes and hypothyroidism (NDH) syndrome was first described in 2003 in a consanguineous Saudi Arabian family where two out of four siblings were reported to have presented with proportionate IUGR, neonatal non‐autoimmune diabetes mellitus, severe congenital hypothyroidism, cholestasis, congenital glaucoma, and polycystic kidneys. Liver disease progressed to hepatic fibrosis. The renal disease was characterized by enlarged kidneys and multiple small cysts with deficient cortico‐medullary junction differentiation and normal kidney function. There was minor facial dysmorphism (depressed nasal bridge, large anterior fontanelle, long philtrum) reported but no facial photographs were published. Mutations in the transcription factor GLI‐similar 3 (GLIS3) gene in the original family and two other families were subsequently reported in 2006. All affected individuals had neonatal diabetes, congenital hypothyroidism but glaucoma and liver and kidney involvement were less consistent features. Detailed descriptions of the facial dysmorphism have not been reported previously. In this report, we describe the common facial dysmorphism consisting of bilateral low‐set ears, depressed nasal bridge with overhanging columella, elongated, upslanted palpebral fissures, persistent long philtrum with a thin vermilion border of the upper lip in a cohort of seven patients with GLIS3 mutations and report the emergence of a distinct, probably recognizable facial gestalt in this group which evolves with age. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adolescents’ preferences regarding disclosure of incidental findings in genomic sequencing that are not medically actionable in childhood
Authors: Hufnagel Sophia B. , Martin Lisa J. , Cassedy Amy , Hopkin Robert J. , Antommaria Armand H. Matheny
Published: May 2016

Next‐generation sequencing has challenged the consensus that predictive testing should not be performed on asymptomatic minors for conditions that are not medically actionable in childhood. While the available literature suggests that most parents want access to incidental findings discovered in genomic sequencing, there is little information regarding adolescents’ views. This study's goal is to determine adolescent views regarding the disclosure of incidental findings for adult onset conditions that are not medically actionable in childhood. We conducted a cross‐sectional survey of students enrolled in 7–12th grade science classes in three Cincinnati public schools. Most (235 of 282, 83%) students wanted access to non‐actionable incidental findings. These participants most frequently (38%) endorsed future planning as the reason for disclosure. Seventy‐two percent of students believed they should participate in the decision making process. Seventy‐three percent of students believed that parents of children less than 12 years old should have access to this information. Adolescents want to have access to and participate in decisions about incidental findings. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Benzylation of Polyfluoroarenes with Benzyl Carbonates through Selective C−H Functionalization
Authors: Yang Guanghui , Jiang Xinpeng , Liu Yong , Li Na , Yin Guisen , Yu Chuanming
Published: May 2016

A novel and efficient palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling benzylation reaction of pentafluorobenzene through selective C−H functionalization has been developed. A series of carbonates and polyfluorobenzenes have been examined and found to give moderate to good yields. This transformation provides a new straightforward approach for the synthesis of fluorinated diarylmethanes.
Model study of the asymmetry in tropical cyclone‐induced positive and negative surges
Authors: Wong Benjamin , Toumi Ralf
Published: May 2016

Storm surges pose significant threats to coastal communities, yet negative surges are not as well understood as positive surges. In this study, idealized experiments of a tropical cyclone forcing a 3D ocean model are conducted to investigate the asymmetry of positive and negative surges. Negative surges are larger in magnitude and extend further across the coastline than positive surges. While positive surges are driven by wind blowing onshore, negative surges are largely dominated by alongshore winds, with horizontal divergence as the main mechanism. This asymmetry also increases with decreasing depth and increasing latitude.
Interdecadal variability in the thermal difference between western and eastern China and its association with rainfall anomalies
Authors: Wen Liming , Yin Xiaoxue , Zhou Lian‐Tong
Published: May 2016

This study investigated the spring thermal difference between western and eastern China and its association with the rainfall anomalies using station and reanalysis data from 1960 to 2006. The spring thermal difference between western and eastern China underwent an obvious interdecadal shift around 1979. The thermal difference between western and eastern China was small during 1960–1978, which strengthened the southwesterly wind anomalies in line with the thermal wind. This enhanced the East Asian summer monsoon. In addition, the increase in rainfall over North China and decrease in rainfall over the Yangtze River were associated with the strong East Asian summer monsoon. However, during 1979–2006, the thermal difference between western and eastern China was large, which strengthened the northeasterly wind anomalies in line with the thermal wind. This supports the notion of weakened East Asian summer monsoon associated with the decrease in rainfall over North China and increase in rainfall over the Yangtze River.
Management and outcomes of anastomotic leaks after oesophagectomy
Authors: Dent B , Griffin S M , Jones R , Wahed S , Immanuel A , Hayes N
Published: May 2016

Background

Leaks following oesophagectomy include true anastomotic leaks, leaks from the gastrotomy and gastric conduit necrosis. Historically, these complications were associated with high mortality rates. Recent improvements in outcome have been attributed to the wider use of oesophageal stents in patient management. This study examined outcomes of patients who developed a leak in a single high-volume institution that did not use stenting as a primary treatment modality.

Methods

All patients undergoing an oesophagectomy between January 2009 and December 2013 were included. Patients were identified from a prospectively maintained database.

Results

A total of 390 oesophagectomies were performed (median age 65 (range 32–81) years). In 96·7 per cent of patients this was a two-stage subtotal oesophagectomy. Overall in-hospital and 90-day mortality rates were both 2·1 per cent (8 patients). Some 31 patients (7·9 per cent) developed a leak (median age 64·5 (range 52–80) years), of whom 27 (87 per cent) were initially managed without surgery, whereas four (13 per cent) required immediate thoracotomy. The median length of stay for patients with a leak was 41·5 (range 15–159) days; none of these patients died.

Conclusion

Leaks can be managed with excellent outcomes without using oesophageal stents. The results do not support the widespread adoption of endoscopic stenting.
Exogenous dopamine reduces GABA receptor availability in the human brain
Authors: Lou Hans C. , Rosenstand Astrid , Brooks David J. , Bender Dirk , Jakobsen Steen , Blicher Jakob U. , Hansen Kim V. , Møller Arne
Published: May 2016

Background

While it has recently been shown that dopamine release stimulates conscious self‐monitoring through the generation of gamma oscillations in medial prefrontal/anterior cingulate cortex, and that the GABAergic system is effective in producing such oscillations, interaction of the two transmitter systems has not been demonstrated in humans. We here hypothesize that dopamine challenge stimulates the GABA system directly in the medial prefrontal/anterior cingulate region in the human brain.

Methods

Positron emission tomography (PET) with the GABA receptor α1/α5 subtype ligand [11C] Ro15‐4513 was used to detect changes in GABA receptor availability after clinical oral doses of levodopa in a double blind controlled study.

Results

We here provide the first direct evidence for such coupling in the cerebral cortex, in particular in the medial prefrontal anterior cingulate region, by showing that exogenous dopamine decreases [11C] Ro15‐4513 binding widely in the human brain compatible with a fall in α1 subtype availability in GABA complexes due to increased GABA activity.
Middle meningeal artery: Gateway for effective transarterial Onyx embolization of dural arteriovenous fistulas
Authors: Griessenauer Christoph J. , He Lucy , Salem Mohamed , Chua Michelle H. , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Thomas Ajith J.
Published: May 2016

Curative transarterial embolization of noncavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) is challenging. We sought to evaluate the role of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) in endovascular treatment of these lesions. We performed a retrospective cohort study on patients who underwent transarterial Onyx embolization of a noncavernous sinus dAVFs with contribution from the MMA at a major academic institution in the United States from January 2009 to January 2015. Twenty consecutive patients who underwent transarterial Onyx embolization of a noncavernous sinus dAVF were identified. One patient was excluded as there was no MMA contribution to the dAVF. All of the remaining 19 patients (61.3 ± 13.8 years of age) underwent transarterial embolization through the MMA. Six patients (31.6%) presented with intraparenchymal or subarachnoid hemorrhage from the dAVF. The overall angiographic cure rate was 73.7% upon last follow up. In 71.4% of successfully treated patients transarterial embolization of the MMA alone was sufficient to achieve angiographic cure. When robust MMA supply was present, MMA embolization resulted in angiographic cure even after embolization of other arterial feeders had failed in 92.9% of patients. A robust contribution of the MMA to the fistula was the single most important predictor for successful embolization (P = 0.00129). We attribute our findings to the fairly straight, non‐tortuous course of the MMA that facilitates microcatheter access, navigation, and Onyx penetration. Noncavernous sinus dAVF can be successfully embolized with transarterial Onyx through the MMA, as long as supply is robust. A transvenous approach is rarely necessary. Clin. Anat. 29:718–728, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Total Synthesis of (±)‐Integrifolin
Authors: Shimomaki Katsuya , Kusama Hiroyuki , Iwasawa Nobuharu
Published: May 2016

The total synthesis of (±)‐integrifolin has been achieved for the first time through the stereoselective preparation of the bicyclo[5.3.0]decane skeleton based on the tungsten‐catalyzed cyclization of acyclic trienynes under photoirradiation conditions. Further key transformations of the cyclized product are the Tamao oxidation through cyclic silyl ether, the introduction of two oxygen functionalities by the oxidation of the diene and the construction of three exo‐methylene moieties.
A Rhodium Catalyst Superior to Iridium Congeners for Enantioselective Radical Amination Activated by Visible Light
Authors: Shen Xiaodong , Harms Klaus , Marsch Michael , Meggers Eric
Published: May 2016

A bis‐cyclometalated rhodium(III) complex catalyzes a visible‐light‐activated enantioselective α‐amination of 2‐acyl imidazoles with up to 99 % yield and 98 % ee. The rhodium catalyst is ascribed a dual function as a chiral Lewis acid and, simultaneously, as a light‐activated smart initiator of a radical‐chain process through intermediate aminyl radicals. Notably, related iridium‐based photoredox catalysts reported before were unsuccessful in this enantioselective radical C−N bond formation. The surprising preference for rhodium over iridium is attributed to much faster ligand‐exchange kinetics of the rhodium complexes involved in the catalytic cycle, which is crucial to keep pace with the highly reactive and thus short‐lived nitrogen‐centered radical intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: INNER‐SPHERE COORDINATION OF CHLORIDE BY NICKEL(2+) AS DETERMINED BY CHLORINE‐35 NMR
Authors: GOWER S. A. , DODGEN H. W. , HUNT J. P.
Published: May 2016

Die mittlere Anzahl von Cl′‐1onen in der inneren Sphäre pro Ni‐Atom (n) wird durch Messung der Fläche unter dem "Cl‐NMR‐Signal gemessen.
ChemInform Abstract: CHARACTERIZATION OF INTRINSIC AMORPHOUS HYDROGENATED SILICON AS A THIN‐FILM PHOTOCATHODE MATERIAL. EFFICIENT PHOTOREDUCTION PROCESSES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors: HARRISON D. J. , CALABRESE G. S. , RICCO A. J. , DRESNER J. , WRIGHTON M. S.
Published: May 2016

Die nach Entladungsverfahren hergestellten α‐Si:H‐Photokathoden bestanden aus einer B‐dotierten p ‐a‐Si:H‐Schicht von ca. 200 Å auf rostfreiem Stahl und einer weiteren (äußeren) 8000 Ä‐Schicht aus undotiertem intrinsischen α‐Si:H, die mit Elektrolytlö‐ sungen mit Redox‐Paaren in Kontakt gebracht wurde.
ChemInform Abstract: LOW‐TEMPERATURE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF CERAMIC POTASSIUM TANTALATE (KTAO3)
Authors: CHEN Z. X. , ZHANG X. L. , CROSS L. E.
Published: May 2016

Die dielektrischen Eigenschaften (Temp.‐Abhängigkeit von Dielektrizitätskonstante und dielektrischem Verlustfaktor) der durch konventionelles Sintern sowie Sintern gefolgt von isostatischem Heißpressen hergestellten Titelkeramik werden bei 4.2 bis 300 K im Frequenzbereich 400 H2‐4 MHz gemessen.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKALI VAPOR PRESSURES OVER SOME SIMPLE SILICATE MELTS
Authors: PIACENTE V. , MATOUSEK J.
Published: May 2016

In der Gasphase über N320‐ 4 SiO2‐, K204 SiOg‐ und NazO‐KzO‐8 SiOySchmelzen werden massenspektro ‐ metrisch in erster Linie die Alkalimetallatome und OyMoleküle nachgewiesen.
ChemInform Abstract: THE EFFECT OF CHROMIUM(3+) AND IRON(3+) IONS ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF DIFFERENT ALUMINUM HYDROXIDES TO α‐ALUMINA
Authors: TSUCHIDA T. , FURUICHI R. , ISHII T. , ITOH K.
Published: May 2016

Nach Synthese der drei A1‐hydroxid‐Arten Pseudoböhmit (A120; n H2O, 1.3 n 1.8), Böhmit(Al2O3′H,O) und Bayerit(A1,O3′3 H20) mit Cr3"‐ und F e3 ‐Gehalt von 0, 4.8, 9.1 und 16.7 mol‐% wurde deren Umwandlung in α‐Al2O3 durch TG, DTA, Röntgenbeugung und Reflexionsspektroskopie untersucht, bes.
ChemInform Abstract: CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY AND PHASE RELATIONS IN THE SYSTEM LITHIUM OXIDE‐FERRIC OXIDE‐TITANIUM DIOXIDE
Authors: YAU Y.‐C. , HUGHES J. M.
Published: May 2016

Oberhalb 755°C bilden die Verbindungen entlang der Spinell‐Verbindungslinie LiFesOg ‐ Li4Ti5O" lückenlos Mischkristalle, während unterhalb dieser Temp. ein Zweiphasenbereich die geordnete Phase LiFesOg und die ungeordnete Spinell‐Phase trennt.