bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Dasar Kader Posyandu Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Dalam Upaya Penanggulangan Gigi Berlubang
Authors: Dewi Renie Kumala , Laillyza Apriasari Maharani , Arya Krisnawan Firdaus I Wayan
Published: November 2022

Kesehatan mulut dan gigi merupakan suatu hal yang penting, maka usaha perawatan kesehatan mulut dan gigi perlu dibina sejak dini. Masyarakat Desa Pulau Sugara sebagian besar masih menggunakan air sungai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sehingga perlu dilakukan penyuluhan terhadap penggunan air sungai terhadap Kesehatan mulut dan gigi anak. Kader posyandu adalah anggota masyarakat yang dipilih untuk menangani masalah-masalah kesehatan termasuk kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Metode pelatihan dilakukan bersama KAPORAGI (Kader Posyandu Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi) dipilih dan dilatih oleh Tim/peserta kegiatan PKM FKG ULM untuk dapat memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan mulut dan gigi pada saat melakukan posyandu serta memeriksa rongga mulut anak apakah terdapat lubang pada giginya kemudian dicatat dalam odontogram kedokteran gigi seperti pada acuan buku pedoman kesehatan mulut dan gigi bagi KAPORAGI yang telah dibuat oleh Tim/peserta kegiatan PKM FKG ULM, sehingga segera dapat dijadwalkan untuk dirujuk ke Puskesmas terdekat untuk melakukan perawatan gigi dan mulut pada anak tersebut. Kegiatan pelatihan ini secara keseluruhan dapat dikatakan baik dilihat dari ketercapaian tujuan pelatihan, antusiasme peserta pelatihan, dan pengetahuan para orang tua yang masih sedang (64,7%) mengenai Kesehatan mulut dan gigi yang didapatkan melalui pengisian kuesioner pada waktu pelaksanaan kegiatan sehingga perlu peran KAPORAGI memberikan pengetahuan kesehatan mulut dan gigi anak yang tinggal di pinggiran sungai dan menjaring karies gigi pada anak usia dini sehingga segera tertangani dan tidak terjadi kerusakan yang lebih parah pada gigi anak.
DIABETES MELLITUS ATTRIBUTE CLASSIFICATION USING THE NAIVE BAYES ALGORITHM BASED ON FORWARD SELECTION
Authors: Prabowo Dwi Puji , Rama Aria Megantara  , Ricardus Anggi Pramunendar  , Yuslena Sari
Published: November 2022

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition that frequently results in death. Almost every nation has experienced and contributed to this rise in mortality. Consequently, several researchers are motivated to determine this disease's source and prevent the increase in mortality rates. The research was conducted in the field of informatics in partnership with health professionals to determine the causes of this condition. Many informatics researchers employ machine learning techniques to aid in analyzing existing data. This study suggests feature selection based on forward selection and the naive Bayes classification approach to determine this disease's primary aetiology. The results demonstrate that our proposed strategy can increase the classification accuracy of patients. The performance outcomes improved by 169%. According to this theory, it is also known that the primary cause of this disease is its dependence on body mass index and age. Therefore, additional research must explore these two variables' impact on various other disorders.
Morphophysiological and developmental parameters of maize varieties
Authors: Neves Giovani Felipe de Oliveira , Brito Bruno Sena de , Januário Tallys Vinícius Vicente , Santos Junior Eucledes Domingos dos , Aparecido Manzani Lisboa Lucas
Published: November 2022

Knowing the characteristics of maize varieties becomes a strategy for an adequate crop planning, in order to extract the maximum agronomic power of each variety. The objective of this work is to know the morphophysiological and developmental parameters of maize varieties. The experiment was conducted in August 2021, in Faculdades Integradas Stella Maris (FISMA), located in the Municipality of Andradina, State of São Paulo. The design was entirely randomized, where six maize varieties were grown: XB 8010; AG 1051; Cateto Paraguay; Sweet Maize (Paraguay Soup); White Maize and Asteca Mole and with four repetitions, totaling 20 plots or pots. The hybrid varieties showed better development characteristics. The criolla variety Asteca Mole presented lower developmental characteristics. Stomatal density and functionality were expressed in an antagonistic way. Maize varieties did not present differences in internal morphology in the leaves. Correlations were found between the morphophysiological and developmental parameters in the maize varieties.
The Influence of Crest Widths and Working States on Wave Transmission of Pile-rock Breakwaters in the Coastal Mekong Delta
Authors: Nguyen Nguyet-Minh , Van Duong Do , Le Duy Tu , Pham Nhat Truong , Dang Duc Thanh , Tanim Ahad Hasan , Wright David , Thanh Phong Nguyen , Anh Duong Tran
Published: November 2022

The coastline in the Ca Mau and the Kien Giang provinces of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta has been severely eroded in recent decades. Pile-Rock Breakwaters (PRBW) are one of the most widely adopted structures for controlling shoreline erosion in this region. These structures are effective for wave energy dissipation, stimulating sediment accumulation, and facilitating the restoration of mangrove forests. These breakwaters are generally considered to be best-engineering practice however there is currently insufficient scientific evidence with regard to specific structural design aspects. This can lead to PRBW structures being compromised when deployed in the field. This study uses a physical model of a PRBW in a laboratory to investigate several design parameters, including crest width and working states (i.e. submerged, transition, and emerged), and investigates their relationship with the wave transmission coefficient, wave reflection coefficient, and wave energy dissipation. To investigate these relationships further, empirical formulas were derived for PRBWs under different sea states and crest widths to aid the design process. The results showed that PRBW width had a significant influence on the wave energy coefficients. The findings revealed that the crest width of the breakwater is inversely proportional to the wave transmission coefficient (Kt) under the emerged state. The crest width is also proportional to the wave reduction efficiency and wave energy dissipation in both working states (i.e., submerged and emerged states). The front wave disturbance coefficient (Kf) was found to be proportional to the wave reflection coefficient, and the wave height in front of the structure was found to increase by up to 1.4 times in the emerged state. The wave reflection coefficient requires special consideration to reduce the toe erosion in the structure. Lastly, empirical equations including linear and non-linear formulas were compared with previous studies for different classes of breakwaters. These empirical equations will be useful for understanding the wave transmission efficiency of PRBWs. The findings of this study provide important guidance for PRBW design in the coastal area of the Mekong Delta.
Possible Relationship between Respiratory Diseases and Urinary Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolites
Authors: Urbancová Kateřina , Vondraskova Veronika , Solansky Ivo , Pastorkova Anna , Pulkrabova Jana , Sram Radim J.
Published: November 2022

Aim: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been in the past associated with adverse effects on human health among which belong also respiratory diseases. Our study is focused on the evaluation of PAH exposure by measuring the concentrations of their monohydroxylated metabolites (OH-PAHs) in urine and comparing their concentrations with the incidence of respiratory diseases in 2-year-old children from two locations of the Czech Republic – a control locality Ceske Budejovice and a previously highly contaminated mining district Most. Methods: The total number of 248 participants were sampled for urine samples that were analysed for the presence of 11 OH-PAHs using liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate and clean-up employing dispersive solid phase extraction with a sorbent Z-Sep. Separation, identification and quantification of the target compounds was achieved by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The incidence of respiratory diseases was evaluated according to the questionnaires provided by the paediatricians. Results and discussion: The concentrations of measured OH-PAHs were higher in the urine samples collected from 2-year-old children living in Most compared to 2-year-old children from Ceske Budejovice. The same trend was observed also when the urine samples were analysed when these children were studied as newborns in our previous study. From all of the monitored respiratory diseases, only influenza due to unidentified influenza virus showed a difference between tested locations where the 2-year-old children living in Most were more frequently diagnosed with this disease. Conclusion: Even though the air pollution and lifestyle in both cities is very similar, we have observed higher incidence of respiratory diseases as well as higher concentration of OH-PAHs in urine of the 2-year-old children from Most. Therefore, we hypothesize that the population living in this previously highly contaminated location (in 1970s and 1980s) can carry some long-term health burden.
Can Hidden Electrodynamic Field Fluctuations Preclude the Derivation of Bell-Type Inequalities?
Authors: G. López Álvaro
Published: November 2022

We show that loophole-free Bell-type no-go theorems cannot be derived in theories involving local hidden fields. At the time of measurement, a contextuality loophole appears because each particle’s electromagnetic field interacts with the field of its respective apparatus, preventing the expression of the probability density as a function independent of the orientation of the measuring devices. Then, we use the dynamical evolution of the probability distribution to show that the spin-correlation integral can neither be expressed in terms of initial Cauchy data restricted to the particles. A correlation loophole ensues, which prevents the usage of the non-contextual correlation integrals required to demonstrate the CHSH-Bell inequality. We obtain a new inequality not violated by quantum correlation functions of entangled spin pairs, and propose that Maxwell’s electrodynamic field is the missing hidden variable triggering the coupled nonlinear oscillations of the particles, which bring about the synchronicities observed in the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm (EPRB) experiment.
Endocannabinoid System: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity
Authors: Montes Guilherme
Published: November 2022

The endocannabinoid system (eCB) began to be studied from the identification of the molecular structures present in the cannabis sativa plant. The ECS is constituted of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands and all the associated enzymatic apparatus responsible for maintaining homeostasis. Several physiological effects of cannabinoids are exerted through interaction with various receptors such as CB1 and CB2 receptors, vanilloid receptors, and the recently discovered [GPCRs (GPR55, GPR3, GPR6, GPR12 and GPR19). Endogenous ligands such anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol might modulate these receptors. eCB has proved to play a critical role in some human diseases and has been extensively studied due to its wide therapeutic potential and because it is a promising target for the development of new drugs. Phytocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids have shown varied affinities to eCB, which are relevant to the treatment of various diseases. They may also have potential as lead compounds in the development of cannabinoid-based pharmaceuticals for a variety of diseases. Furthermore, Integrative and Complementary Health Practices (ICHP) appear to influence the endocannabinoid system through modulation. This review will show a description of ECS components and discuss how phytocannabinoids, other exogenous compounds, and PICS may operate the eCB balance.
Robot Navigation Algorithm Based on Real-Time Ranging and Map Matrix
Authors: Cui Linwei , Cui Jianwei , Huang Zizheng , Li Xiang , Shang Yucheng , Tong Liyan
Published: November 2022

By constructing a static map, the library robot can navigate and access documents autonomously, which greatly improves efficiency; however, for libraries where shelves can be moved, map changes do not allow for direct navigation, and also sensors such as radar and camera are relatively expensive, so we propose a low-cost navigation algorithm based on real-time ranging data and map matrices, and designed a mobile archive access robot. In order to obtain real-time distance data, nine near/long range sensors were mounted on the chassis and a composite digital filtering algorithm was designed based on different moving area characteristics; then the access task matrix and map matrix were designed based on the archive access task and the location characteristics of the archive shelf placement, the robot can rely on the range data to update the map matrix during the moving process, complete its own positioning, and use the task matrix The robot can use the task matrix to complete autonomous navigation and access to multiple files. Experiments show that the filtered positioning accuracy can reach 1cm, while the robot can move to the target shelf autonomously, which is more practical and less costly.
The Developing Brain: Considering the Multifactorial Effects of Obesity, Physical Activity & Mental Wellbeing in Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Logan Nicole E , Ward-Ritacco Christie L
Published: November 2022

Obesity during childhood has been associated with many important physiological and neurological health considerations. Specifically concerning are the associations between youth obesity and declines in mental health, as shown with increasing rates of adolescent depression and anxiety worldwide. The emergence of mental health disorders commonly arises during adolescent development, and approximately half the global population satisfy the criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder in their lifetime, suggesting a need for early intervention. Adolescence is critical time whereby brain structure and functions are not only negatively associated with obesity and declines in mental health, while also coinciding with significant declines in rates of physical activity among individuals in this age group. Physical activity is thus a prime candidate to address the intersection of obesity and mental health crises occurring globally. This review addresses the important considerations between physiological health (obesity, aerobic fitness, physical activity), brain health (structure and function), and mental wellbeing symptomology. Lastly, we pose a theoretical framework which asks important questions regarding the influence of physiological health on the association between brain health and the development of depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescence.
Rare Amyloid Precursor Protein Point Mutations Recapitulate Worldwide Migration and Admixture in Healthy Individuals: Implications For the Study of Neurodegeneration
Authors: Abondio Paolo , Bruno Francesco , Bruni Amalia Cecilia , Luiselli Donata
Published: November 2022

Genetic discoveries related to Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias have been performed using either large cohorts of affected subjects or multiple individuals from the same pedigree, therefore disregarding mutations in the context of healthy groups. Moreover, a large portion of studies so far have been performed on individuals of European ancestry, with a remarkable lack of epidemiological and genomic data from underrepresented populations. The present study aims at scanning 70 single-point mutations on the APP gene in a publicly available genetic dataset including 2.504 healthy individuals from 26 populations, and analyzing their distribution. Moreover, after gametic phase reconstruction, a pairwise comparison of the segments surrounding the mutations was performed to reveal patterns of haplotype sharing that could point to specific cross-population and cross-ancestry admixture events. Eight mutations have been detected in the worldwide dataset, with several of them being specific for a single individual, population or macroarea. Patterns of segment sharing reflect recent historical events of migration and admixture possibly linked to colonization campaigns. These observations reveal the population dynamics of the considered APP mutations in worldwide human groups, and support the development of ancestry-informed screening practices for the improvement of precision and personalized approaches to neurodegeneration and dementias.
Tackling AMR: a call for a(n even) more integrated and transdisciplinary approach between planetary health and earth scientists
Authors: Cole Jennifer , Eskdale Adam , Paul Jonathan D.
Published: November 2022

Antibiotic resistance is a pressing global and planetary health challenge. Links between climate change, antibiotic use and the emergence of antibiotic resistance have been well documented, but less attention has been given to the impact(s) of earth systems on specific bacterial livestock diseases at a more granular level. Understanding the precise impacts of climate change on livestock health – and in turn the use of antibiotics to address that ill-health – is important in providing an evidence base to tackle such impacts and to develop practical, implementable and locally acceptable solutions within and beyond current antibiotic stewardship programmes. In this paper, we set out the case for better integration of earth scientists and their specific disciplinary skill set (specifically, problem-solving with incomplete/fragmentary data; the ability to work across four dimensions and at the interface between the present and deep/geological time) into planetary health research. We then discuss a methodology that makes use of risk mapping, a common methodology in earth science but less frequently used in health science, to map disease risk against changing climatic conditions at a granular level. This will enable predictions of future disease risk and risk impacts based on predicted future climate conditions, and thus provide an evidence base for planetary health activists to influence policy and develop mitigations. Our case study – of climate conditions’ impact on livestock health in Karnataka, India – clearly evidences the benefit of integrating earth scientists into planetary health research.
Adjustable Overtopping Wave Energy Converter by Using Smart Material
Authors: Baghbani Kordmahale Sina , Chie Chia-Hung , Kameoka Jun , Chang Kuang-An
Published: November 2022

A Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) enabled Overtopping Wave Energy Converter (OWEC) that maximizes its overtopping discharge, and thus energy output under different wave conditions is presented. Among all the parameters affecting the overtopping discharge rate, the crest freeboard height is the most influential one to control the overtopping discharge rate and the stored overtopping volume behind it. Currently, all the OWEC crest freeboard heights are fixed by design to maximize the discharge rate on one particular sea state. In the present study, we show that the SMA can adjust the crest freeboard height through a control system based on the sea state and achieve an optimal overtopping discharge rate. A scaled OWEC model is built in the lab with its crest freeboard height controlled by springs made of SMA. The length (and thus tension) of the springs is controlled by temperature changes by changing the passing current through the springs. By adjusting the length of the springs based on the incoming wave condition, we adjust the freeboard to an optimal height known to generate a maximum overtopping discharge rate for energy conversion. This smart material-enabled design can maximize the overtopping discharge and thus the output power of the OWEC under various wave conditions. Furthermore, the simplicity of using SMA springs as the actuator leads to the minimum number of moving mechanical parts, which can remarkably decrease maintenance costs. As the proof of concept, two types of tests are conducted in the laboratory using the same OWEC model under several random wave trains generated from spectra with different significant wave heights - one type with a fixed crest freeboard height and the other type featuring the adjustable crest freeboard height controlled by the springs. The substantial increase of harvested output power in the OWEC with the adjustable crest freeboard height may pave the way for more efficient wave energy conversion systems.
How Functional Connectivity Measures Affect the Outcomes of MST Neuronal Network Characteristics in Patients with Schizophrenia Compared to Healthy Controls
Authors: Jonak Kamil , Marchewka Magdalena , Podkowiński Arkadiusz , Siejka Agata , Plechawska-Wójcik Małgorzata , Krukow Paweł
Published: November 2022

Background: Modern computational solutions enabling evaluation of the global neuronal network arrangement seem to be particularly valuable for research on neuronal disconnection in schizophrenia. However, a vast number of algorithms used in these analyzes may be an uncontrolled source of results inconsistency. Objective: Our study aimed to verify whether the comparison of schizophrenia patients with healthy controls, in terms of indexes describing the organization of the neural network, will give analogous results when these parameters are calculated using two different functional connectivity measures. Methods: Resting-state EEG recordings from schizophrenia patients and healthy controls were collected. Based on these data, Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) graphs were computed two times using two different functional connectivity measures (phase lag index, PLI, and phase locking value, PLV). Results: Two series of be-tween-group comparisons regarding MST parameters calculated based on PLI or PLV gave contradictory results, in many cases the values of a given MST index based on PLI were higher in patients, and the results based on PLV were lower in patients than in the controls. Additionally, within the patients' group, selected network measures were significantly different when calculated from PLI or PLV. Conclusions: The selection of FC measures significantly affects the parameters of MST-based neural networks and might be a source of disagreement between the results of network studies on schizophrenia.
The Enlightenment of French Standardization Strategy on China's Electric Vehicle Breakthrough Development Bottleneck in the Context of Energy Crisis
Authors: Wu Linfeng , Liu Peng , Cong Dan
Published: November 2022

The problems of operating range and costs are the two most critical bottlenecks restricting the extensive application of electric vehicles at home and abroad. There are also some prominent problems in China's electric vehicles, such as slow improvement of electric vehicle's operating range, difficulty in charging, slow charging, low utilization efficiency of charging resources, and high battery cost for electric vehicles, which lead to poor competitiveness of electric vehicles compared with traditional internal combustion engine (I.C.E.) vehicles. This paper analyzes the key factors restricting the development and popularization of electric vehicles in China from the aspects of strategic policy, sales situation and self problems. Through summarizing the experience and lessons of French standardization development strategy and electric vehicle development mode, this paper puts forward the hypothesis leading the development of electric vehicles through standardization to enhance their competitiveness, gives the specific suggestions, and briefly analyzes the feasibility from the aspects of product situation. The research content of this paper provides a certain basis and ideas for the future research work.
Research on Multifactor Analysis and Quantitative Evaluation Method of Rockburst Risk in Coal Mines
Authors: Du Weisheng , Li Haitao , Qi Qingxin , Zheng Weiyu , Yang Sensen
Published: November 2022

The prevention of rockbursts is significant to ensure mining safety in deep coal mines. The multifactor analysis and a new quantitative evaluation method for rockbursts in coal mines are proposed in this study. In the aspect of rockburst analysis, a multifactor system of rockburst risk based on the material, stress, and large-scale geological structure is proposed. The factors influencing rockbursts in coal mines are analyzed by numerical simulations. Based on a standard mining model, three comparative models considering the rockburst tendency, high stress, and geological structure are established. The distribution of maximum principal stress and plastic zone during the mining process is compared. The reasons why these three types of factors are liable to trigger rockbursts lie in generating high-stress zones in surrounding rock masses. In the aspect of quantitative evaluation, the monitored microseismic signal is selected as the key indicator, and the daily frequency of microseisms is analyzed. A normal distribution function based on the daily frequency of microseisms is established. The interval of daily frequency of microseisms is set to judge whether the microseismic frequency is abnormal and then determine the rockburst risk of coal mines. Considering the results of multifactor analysis, it is proposed that the monitoring system combining microseisms with stress is the direction to accurately and quantitatively evaluate the rockburst risk in the future. This study makes specific explorations in the quantitative evaluation of rockburst risk in coal mines.
Effects of Forward and Reverse Shear Displacements on Geometric and Hydraulic Characteristics of Single Rough Fracture by the Finite Volume Method
Authors: Niu YuLong , Wang Yuan , Li Jinghua , Sun Zhiyu , Xiang Xin , Wang Zhikui , Zhao Xiaoming
Published: November 2022

Shear displacement will lead to the change of rock fracture space and then affect seepage characteristics of the fracture, but for the same rock fracture, whether the spatial geometry and seepage characteristics of the fracture can be consistent under the forward and reverse shear displacements is a new question. In this paper, the 2D rough fracture profile was used to establish models of different shear displacements in the forward and reverse directions without contact zone, and the geometric distribution characteristics of the fracture space with shear displacements were analyzed. The FVM (finite volume method) was adopted to calculate and simulate the hydraulic characteristics of the relative seepage direction (forward and reverse flow) under different pressure gradients at various shear displacement models. The results showed that under the same shear displacement, the spatial geometry characteristics of forward and reverse shear displacements are consistent after the initial angle of the fracture profile is eliminated. The slope of equivalent hydraulic aperture decreases with the shear displacement, and the amplitude of the non-Darcy coefficient difference increases with the shear displacement, which are inconsistent in the forward and reverse directions, which are negatively correlated with the directional roughness of the initial fracture profile. It shows that the directional roughness inconsistency between the forward and reverse directions of fracture profile is the primary factor leading to the difference of seepage characteristic parameters under the forward and reverse shear displacements.
Microencapsulation of the Enzyme Breaker by Double-Layer Embedding Method
Authors: Zhang Zhiwei , Zhao Fei , Meng Yuling , Lin Junzhang , Xu Yanpeng , Feng Yun , Ding Feng , Li Piwu
Published: November 2022

An effective fracturing fluid should have sufficient viscosity to fracture the oil-bearing layer at the initial stage and should be removed smoothly at a later stage by controlling the release rate of the enzyme. Therefore, the gel-breaking speed of an enzyme breaker in the fracturing fluid is an important factor in enhancing the production of tight formations. Microencapsulation is an efficient technology to improve the embedding rate and stability of the core material. In this study, double-layer microcapsules were successfully prepared by spray drying; porous starch (PS) was used as the core material carrier to adsorb the enzyme; and gum arabic was used as the wall material. The morphology of the microcapsules was detected via fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, application testing of the double-layer microcapsules showed that the prepared microcapsules can protect the activity of the enzyme breaker, provide a certain sustained-release performance, and increase the gel-breaking time to 40 minutes. The double-layer microcapsule breaker can be further applied to field activities involving fracturing technology. Therefore, this method can be used to develop a platform for the slow release of various enzymes in industries.
Reservoir Porosity Improvement Device based on Underwater Pulse Arc Fracturing and Frequency Resonance Technology
Authors: Kang Zhongjian , Yu Yingbo , Gao Chong , Shao Zaikang , Gong Dajian , Wang Yufang , Zhai Gangyi
Published: November 2022

The low porosity of the reservoir has a significant impact on the production of unconventional oil and gas, hence a device to increase reservoir porosity and enhance unconventional oil and gas recovery was developed. The device can be lowered to 3000 m and operate continuously for more than 30 minutes under a discharge voltage of 11 kV in the frequency range of 0–60 Hz to improve reservoir porosity by causing reservoir resonance. The equipment structure includes an energy storage circuit, trigger switch, and energy transducer. The theoretical model of the energy storage circuit was established by the state space averaging method to obtain the time constant which was verified by a simulation experiment. The gas spark switch with an adjustable gap was used, the frequency control of the discharge pulse was achieved by rectifier voltage regulation, and the underwater pulse arc fracturing experiment was performed to confirm the accuracy and stability of the frequency control. Additionally, the effect of frequency resonance on reservoir porosity improvement was examined through comparative experiments, and the images of the distribution of pore texture in shale obtained by the X-ray computed tomography (CT) system demonstrate that resonance excitation can significantly promote the development of fractures and the improvement of shale samples’ porosity. The stimulation operation field experiment was carried out on coalbed methane wells in Shanxi Province, and the multipole array acoustic logging image verified that the equipment has a good reservoir porosity improvement effect. Experimental results indicate that this study has a potential application value in the field of unconventional reservoir stimulation.
Some Interfacial Properties of Water and CO2/H2S at Quasireservoir Conditions: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Ofori Kofi , Phan Chi M. , Barifcani Ahmed , Iglauer Stefan
Published: November 2022

Interfacial properties are important in the process of geosequestering acid gases in the presence of formation water. However, to a considerable extent, the information from molecular interactions is not obtainable experimentally. Theoretically, this limitation is due to a dearth of data at reservoir conditions (i.e., high pressures and elevated temperatures). Hence, molecular dynamics (MD) is used to study interfacial interactions such as interfacial tension (IFT) as a function of temperature and pressure through the mechanical pressure tensor method, acid gas adsorption onto water and absorption into water, pair correlation functions, and density profiles. Simulations were carried out isothermally at 77°C with pressures ranging from 0.5 to 15.6 MPa. The predicted water densities, ρ, and acid gas [CO2/H2S, with the NERD (Nath, Escobedo and de Pablo) H2S potential] densities matched the experimental values well. The two force fields used to simulate water-acid gas IFTs, γ, both overpredict the experimental values, especially at the higher pressures, but the water-OPLS (optimized potentials for liquid simulations) H2S acid gas combination’s γ is closer to the experimental ideal. The overpredictions are primarily due to the supercritical nature of the fluids and the force fields used. Radial distribution functions (RDFs) of the various combinations were also examined, and they were found to demonstrate the supercritical nature of the fluids and the molecular interaction between the constituent components of the acid gas and water. The interfacial thickness, δ, revealed further insights into the molecular structure and was found to be typically in the 4.0–7.5 Å range and is influenced by mainly the acid gas adsorption onto the water surface and to a lesser extent absorption into the bulk water. It was found that CO2 is more dominant than H2S at the water interfacial layer and that CO2-water interactions contributed more toward the overall interfacial properties. Our findings further suggest that the predomination of interactions by CO2 in the system, coupled with the weak interactivity between CO2 and H2S, means that CO2 geosequestration, at least in the 70 mol%CO2 and 30 mol%H2S used in this work, and by extension for higher CO2 mole percentages, does not face any meaningful impediment from the H2S presence during the process. In the absence of nigh impossible to achieve experiments at these extreme temperature and pressure conditions, the findings of this MD study thus offer a better understanding of some of the geological interactions of fluid-fluid mixtures in the presence of formation water and the application of this information during geosequestration.
Wealth Inequality in India: What extent do Household, Intra and Inter-Regional Factors Matter?
Authors: MISHRA ASWINI KUMAR , Bhardwaj Vedant , Kar Bibhu Prasad
Published: November 2022

Using a multilevel modelling approach, this paper analyzes the decomposition of the sources of inequality in households’ wealth in India. On decomposing wealth inequality in India at three nested levels- it is found that around 89-92 per cent of the variance in wealth resulting from households’ characteristics, whereas 2-3 per cent of the variance is coming from the regional landscapes, and the remaining 5-7 per cent stems from state-level features. The paper also analyses the effect of household characteristics on wealth and finally by using the random slope model, we find the effects of household characteristics, which vary significantly between the regions and states. In this context, our results show the negative correlation between the random effect of the share of adults in the household who are literate and the wealth of the region, which tells us that effect of education decrease with wealth. We also observe covariance between the share of adults and wealth negative, which again means that the effect of more possible economically active people decreases with wealth, which could be due to the fact that involvement of adults in economic activity might be less in high wealth region because of the already high level of accumulated wealth.
JEL:C31.D31.D63
In-silico identification of phytocompounds as inhibitors to two key enzymes of Shikimate pathway of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for discovery of new lead molecule(s) for treatment of Tuberculosis.
Authors: Sarkar Narayan , Tanti Bhaben , Bharali Suresh , Mahanta Saurov
Published: November 2022

Tuberculosis(TB) is one of the most lethal respiratory infections caused by the organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Several drugs are available for the treatment of TB. Numerous reports have demonstrated the cause and emergence of multi drug resistance of M. tuberculosis. To improve the treatment of these strains , there is rising need to develop anti-TB effective drugs. The aim of this research was to develop an anti-tuberculosis drug.The two enymes 3-Dehydroquinate synthase(3N76) and 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase(3QBE) , of mycobacterial shikimate pathway was selected as drug targets.The structures of these two enzymes were obtained from PDB data bank.The phytocompounds from a medicinal plant,which was traditionally used in pulmonary infection, Achyranthes aspera ,were selected as ligands.Molecular docking was done against these two enzymes(receptors) by 11 phytocompounds of Achyranthes aspera by AUTODOCK vina software. The compounds which have highest binding affinity with targets was selected. Later pharmacokinetic analysis, bioactivity prediction, toxicity calculation of these compounds was done.From the docking study, the compound9(Ecdysterone 2,3-acetonide 22-O-benzoate), has highest binding affinity with enzyme 3-dehydroquinate synthase(3N76), And the compound 2(2,3,14,20,25-Pentahydroxy-6-oxocholest-7-en-22-yl benzoate) has highest binding affinity with enzyme 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase(3QBE).The druglikeness of these two compounds shows that both of them obey Lipinski’s rule of 5.
Comparison of Risk Factors of Falls Between Older Community Dwellers With and Without Fear of Falling
Authors: Tsai Yih-Jian , Sun Wen-Jung , Yang Yi-Ching , Wei Mei-Yu
Published: November 2022

Background: Given that both falls and fear of falling (FOF) share many risk factors among older adults, differences in risk factors of falls between older adults with and without FOF have been reportedly limited.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the risk factors of falls between older adults with and without FOF using a two-wave cohort dataset.
Method: The study sample included 600 people aged 70.8–96.1 years (mean 76.6, standard deviation 4.6 in 1996)who finished two waves of community survey through a face-to-face questionnaire interview. The outcome of interest was overall fall experience in two surveys. The chi-square test was used to examine differences in the prevalence of falls across explanatory variables, including sociodemographic factors, postural stability (balance and gait maneuverability), sensory factors (Parkinson’s disease, vision, and hearing), number of comorbidities, number of medications, geriatric syndromes (urinary incontinence, depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, and FOF), lifestyle (alcohol drinking and physical activity level), and environmental home hazards. The potential risk predictors significantly associated with the risk of falls in the chi-square test were examined with univariate logistic regression modeling and included in a multivariate logistic regression model with backward stepwise selection after forcibly including FOF into the model.All analyses were further stratified by FOF to compare the risk factors of falls among older adults with and without FOF.
Results: The overall prevalence of falls and FOF were 20.8% and 48.5%, respectively.
Bivariate analyses revealed that explanatory variables significantly associated with the risk of falls included sex, marital status, number of instrumental activities of daily living difficulty, use of a walking aid, self-rated health, balance/gait maneuverability, vision, number of comorbidities, depressive symptoms, FOF, and PASE score. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that older adults with FOF shared several predictors of risk for falls, including impaired gait maneuverability, depressive symptoms, and the number of comorbidities.
Conclusion: The study reveals that most modifiable risk factors for falls were more concentrated in older adults with FOF than those without FOF. Study results support the risk stratification of current clinical fall prevention guidelines. FOF experiences combined with other relevant risk factors might be used to classify the target population for fall prevention interventions.
A comparative analysis of risk factors of Malaria. Case study Gisagara and Bugesera district of Rwanda. RDHS 2014/2015. A retrospective study.
Authors: KUBANA* Emmanuel , MUNYANEZA Athanase , SANDE Steven , NDUHUYE Felix , KARANGWA Jean Bosco , MWESIGYE David , NDAGIJIMANA Emmanuel , HABIMANA Samuel , MUNYANSHONGORE Cyprien
Published: November 2022

Background
Malaria is a public health concern worldwide. A figure of 3.2 billion people is at risk of malaria a report of World Health Organization in 2013. A proportion of 89 and 91 cases of malaria reported during 2015 were respectively attributed to malaria cases and malaria deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Different countries in Africa are reported by Global Forum report to eradicate malaria including Algeria whereby in 2017 was asked a free malaria certificate.
Rwanda is among the Sub-Saharan Africa located in East Africa. The several reports indicate that from 2001 to 2011, malaria cases increased considerably especially in Eastern and Southern Province with five million cases. The affected districts included Bugesera in the Eastern and Gisagara in the Southern Province of Rwanda with a share of 41% of the country prevalence in 2014 and during 2017-2018 a figure of 11 deaths was attributed to malaria and both Gisagara and Bugesera Districts were the high burdened.
Methodology
The RDHS 2014-2015 data was used for the study and a cross-sectional survey was used in which two clusters were considered both Gisagara and Bugesera Districts in the Southern and Eastern Province of Rwanda. Bivariate analysis was used to determine the significant predictors with malaria and reduced logistic regression model was used.
Results
The results of the study show that not having mosquito bed nets for sleeping is 0.264 times less likely of having malaria than those who have mosquito bed nets in Gisagara District. In Bugesera District, living in low altitude is 2.768 times more likely associated with the risk of getting malaria than living in high altitude.
Conclusion
The results of the study concluded that environmental and geographical factor such as low altitude is the risk factor associated with malaria than the high altitude in Bugesera District. While not having mosquito bed nets for sleeping is the protective factor for malaria than those who have it in Gisagara District. On the other hand, socio-economic and demographic characteristics do not have any effect with malaria on the results of the study.
Endogenous/Exogenous Nanovaccines Synergistically Enhance Dendritic Cell-mediated Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Yu , Li Qiang , Ding Meng , Xiu Weijun , Shan Jingyang , Yuwen Lihui , Yang Dongliang , Song Xuejiao , Yang Guangwen , Su Xiaodan , Mou Yongbin , Teng Zhaogang , Dong Heng
Published: November 2022

Traditional dendritic cell (DC)-mediated immunotherapy is usually suppressed by weak immunogenicity in tumors and generally leads to unsatisfactory outcomes. Synergistic exogenous/endogenous immunogenic activation can provide an alternative strategy for evoking a robust immune response by promoting DC activation. Herein, we prepared Ti3C2 MXene-based nanoplatforms (termed MXP) with high-efficiency near-infrared photothermal conversion and immunocompetent loading capacity to form endogenous/exogenous nanovaccines. Specifically, the immunogenic cell death of tumor cells induced by the photothermal effects of the MXP can generate endogenous danger signals and antigen release to boost vaccination for DC maturation and antigen cross-presentation. In addition, MXP can deliver ovalbumin tumor antigens (OVA) and agonists (CpG-ODN) as an exogenous nanovaccine (MXP@OC), which further enhanced efficient DC activation. Importantly, the synergistic strategy of photothermal therapy and DC-mediated immunotherapy by MXP significantly eradicated tumors and enhanced adaptive immunity. Hence, the present work provides a two-pronged strategy for improving immunogenicity and killing tumor cells to achieve a favorable outcome in tumor patients.
A zero trust security approach with FIDO2
Authors: Bavendiek Stefan
Published: November 2022

Common IT infrastructures are built with a perimeter firewall, that separates the internal from the external network environment. Systems within the internal network are considered as trusted by conventional security architectures, while everything outside is considered hostile. However, the IT Security threats within our modern IT environments are often targeting end devices, with attack vectors such as phishing. The consequences from this mismatch between security architecture and threat landscape, become apparent with the increasing number of infrastructures that are getting completely devastated by low level malware such as common ransomware. Modern security requirements demand an IT architecture, that mitigates the risk from compromised end devices. The zero trust architecture is an approach to solve this problem and relieve the conventional perimeter security architecture. This paper will present an approach for a new security architecture that uses modern zero trust solutions to mitigate the risks from common security threats and increase the usability at the same time by replacing passwords as authentication method with the FIDO2 Web Authentication standard.
Lipid peroxidation mediates the association between iron overload and liver injury: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses in general Chinese urban adults
Authors: Wang Xing , Wang Bin , Cheng Man , Yu Linling , Liu Wei , Nie Xiuquan , Wang Mengyi , Zhou Min , Chen Weihong
Published: November 2022

Background: Iron overload has been associated with acute/chronic organ failure, but whether iron overload induces liver injury remain unclear.
Objectives: To assess the relationship between urinary iron and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT, a biomarker for liver injury), and investigate the potential mediating roles of lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage in such association.
Methods: Levels of urinary iron, serum ALT, and urinary biomarkers of lipid peroxidation (8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α [8-iso-PGF2α]) and oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-deoxyguano-sine [8-OHdG]) were measured among 5386 observations of 4220 participants from the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort. The relationships between urinary iron and serum ALT as well as risk of hyperALT were separately evaluated by linear mixed models and logistic regression models. The mediating roles of 8-iso-PGF2α and 8-OHdG were assessed by mediation analyses.
Results: In cross sectional analysis, urinary iron was positively associated with ALT (β=0.032; 95% CI: 0.020, 0.044) and hyperALT (OR=1.127; 95% CI: 1.065, 1.192). After 3 years of follow-up, participants with persistent high iron level had increased risk of developing hyperALT (RR=3.800; 95% CI: 1.464, 9.972) when compared with those with persistent low iron level. In addition, each 1% increase in urinary iron was associated with a 0.146% (95% CI: 0.128%, 0.164%) and 0.192% (95% CI: 0.154%, 0.229%) increase in 8-iso-PGF2α and 8-OHdG, respectively. Urinary 8-iso-PGF2α (β=0.056; 95% CI: 0.039, 0.074) rather than 8-OHdG was positively associated with ALT, and increased 8-iso-PGF2α significantly mediate 22.48% of the urinary iron-associated ALT increment.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that iron overload was significantly associated with liver injury, which was partly mediated by lipid peroxidation.
Structure and approximation properties of Laplacian-like matrices
Authors: Conejero José Alberto , Falco Antonio , Mora-Jimenez Maria
Published: November 2022

Many of today’s problems require techniques that involve the solution of arbitrarily large systems Ax = b. A popular numerical approach is the so-called Greedy Rank-One Update Algorithm, based on a particular tensor decomposition. The numerical experiments support the fact that this algorithm converges especially fast when the matrix of the linear system is Laplacian-Like. These matrices that follow the tensor structure of the Laplacian operator are formed by sums of Kronecker product of matrices following a particular pattern. Moreover, this set of matrices is not only a linear subspace it is a a Lie sub-algebra of a matrix Lie Algebra. In this paper, we characterize and give the main properties of this particular class of matrices. Moreover, the above results allow us to propose an algorithm to explicitly compute the orthogonal projection onto this subspace of a given square matrix A ∈ RN×N.
MSC Classification: 15A03 , 15A06 , 47A80 , 81R05 , 22E70