bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nytt perspektiv på mål- og resultatstyring
Authors: Veggeland Noralv
Published: October 2023

Mål- og resultatatstyring i offentlig sektor skjer i en bestemt kontekst. Konteksten er overgangen fra regnskapsmessig styring av ressursbruk, dvs. nettobudsjettering, til forretningsmessig resultatstyring. Det skjedde i Norge på 1990-tallet og inkluderte det som omtales som forretningsorientert regnskapsførsel. Et forretningsregnskap fokuserer på lønnsomhetsvirkningen til inntektene og utgiftene. En lønnsomhetsvirkning refererer seg til lønnsomhetsinntekter (opptjente inntekter) og lønnsomhetskostnader (investeringer). Valg av regnskapsmodell for bruk i offentlig sektor har tradisjonelt tatt utgangspunkt i et politisk ønske om styringsrett og styringsmulighet. Men ved introduksjonen av forretningsorientert regnskapsførsel i offentlig sektor er muligheten for politisk styring blitt svekket.
Ledelse av samfunnsansvar (CSR) – hva ønsker de ansatte?
Authors: Ditlev-Simonsen Caroline D. , Wenstøp Fred
Published: October 2023

Bedrifters samfunnsengasjement blir stadig viktigere, og Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) og støtte til ideelle formål blir stadig vanligere. De ansatte er en av bedriftens viktigste interessenter, men spørsmålet er i hvilken grad de støtter bedriftens valg og aktiviteter innen CSR. Det vet vi mindre om. I denne studien har vi sett nærmere på to temaer: ledelsesstil innen CSR og ansattes holdninger og ønsker når det gjelder støtte til ideelle tiltak. Studien er gjennomført elektronisk med et tilfeldig utvalg ansatte i fire store norske bedrifter (med til sammen nærmere 6000 ansatte, 930 tilfeldig uttrekk og 717 svar). Funnene viser at de ansatte ønsker å bli mer involvert i prosessen med å avgjøre hva arbeidsgiver skal gjøre innen CSR. De ansatte er mest opptatt av at arbeidsgiver støtter lokale tiltak, på andreplass kommer nasjonale tiltak, og på tredjeplass kommer internasjonale tiltak. De ansatte ønsker først og fremst å støtte miljøtiltak, tett fulgt av sosiale tiltak. Kunst kommer på tredjeplass, langt etter. Kjønn, alder og posisjon i bedriften har mindre betydning for svarene i denne studien enn i tilsvarende studier gjennomført i for eksempel USA.Funnene fra denne studien kan være av praktisk nytte for ledere og andre som arbeider med samfunnsansvar i bedrifter.
Ledelse, lønnsomhet og etikk gjennom eksemplets makt
Authors: Biong Harald , Nygaard Arne , Silkoset Ragnhild
Published: October 2023

Bedriftseiere forventer at bedriftsledere leverer en solid bunnlinje og god avkastning. I tillegg forventer interessentgrupper utenfor virksomhetene at resultatene fremkommer på en etisk forsvarlig måte. Ledere har ulike virkemidler til rådighet for å drive virksomhetene effektivt, men noen av disse virkemidlene kan samtidig virke negativt inn på bedriftenes etiske verdigrunnlag. Ledere er nødt til å ta virksomhetenes etiske verdier på alvor, for hvis de ikke gjør det, kan virksomhetene lide betydelige tap fra redusert servicekvalitet som følge av uetisk atferd. Resultatene fra studien vår viser at etikk i organisasjonssammenheng ikke er en gitt, stabil variabel, men noe ledelsen kan påvirke. Makt er et sterkt virkemiddel for å påvirke, kontrollere og utvikle effektiviteten til en virksomhet. Samtidig påvirker bruk av makt virksomhetens etiske verdier. Til tross for gode intensjoner om effektiv koordinering av virksomheten har tvangsmakt ofte en negativ effekt på virksomhetens etiske verdier. Derfor bør ledelsen unngå å bruke tvangsmakt overfor medarbeiderne sine. Studien vår viser på den annen side at gode eksempler påvirker de ansatte mer enn noe annet. Resultatene fra studien tyder på at eksemplets makt (eller referansemakt, som er det teoretiske begrepet), er det viktigste lederverktøyet når det gjelder å fremme etiske verdier og samhold i virksomheten. Det betyr at virksomhetens ledere selv må gå i spissen som gode rollemodeller for organisasjonen. På den måten fremmer de virksomhetens etiske verdier og tilfredsstiller samtidig kundenes forventninger til servicekvalitet. Denne studien viser at eksemplets makt er mye viktigere enn andre former for påvirkning fra ledelsen i et selskap.
Enhancing Medical Education: The Competency-Based Curriculum of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology for MBBS Students in India
Authors: Parmar Pragnesh
Published: October 2023

Medical education in India has witnessed significant advancements over the years, with the incorporation of competency-based curricula aiming to produce skilled and competent healthcare professionals. The study of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology plays a pivotal role in the MBBS curriculum, equipping medical students with the necessary knowledge and expertise to handle medico-legal issues, including post-mortem examinations, injury analysis, and toxicological investigations. In this article, we will explore the competency-based curriculum of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology for MBBS students in India, highlighting its importance, objectives, and key components
Inadequacies in Serological ABO Typing of Ancient Artifacts: The Shroud of Turin as a Case Example
Authors: Kearse Kelly P
Published: October 2023

Serological determination of ABO blood type is extremely valuable in evaluation of fresh blood but has major drawbacks in the analysis of aged objects. The Shroud of Turin is a full-size linen cloth bearing the ventral and dorsal images of man containing wounds consistent with scourging and crucifixion. Controversy exists regarding the authenticity and age of the artifact; it has been proposed to be the two-thousand-year-old burial cloth of Jesus, or alternatively, a clever, medieval hoax. During the last public exhibition in 2015, approximately 2 million visitors came to view the cloth for just a few minutes at short distance. It is widely reported that the Shroud bloodstains are blood type AB, based on previous findings that were never published in a peer-reviewed format. Here, the shortfalls of using serological testing for ABO determination of ancient objects are discussed using the Shroud of Turin as a case example. It is determined that the AB designation for the Shroud bloodstains is inconclusive and should be considered as type unknown pending further testing.
Implementation of the Independent Campus Learning Policy ”MBKM”: An Overview from the Perspectives of Students and Lecturers
Authors: Syahruddin  , Tambaip Beatus
Published: October 2023

The Freedom to Learn the Independent Campus Policy (MBKM) is an Indonesian government initiative that aims to encourage innovation in higher education and give students freedom to choose courses, colleges and learning methods that suit their interests, talents and needs. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the MBKM policy at University, as well as explore the perspectives of students and lecturers regarding the implementation of the policy. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and participatory observation. The respondents of this study consisted of 317 students who had participated in the MBKM program and 18 lecturers who were involved in implementing the policy. Data analysis was carried out through the coding stage and the themes that emerged from the interviews and data triangulation with observation. The results showed that the implementation of the MBKM policy at University had a significant impact on students and lecturers. From a student perspective, the MBKM policy gives them the freedom to choose courses, access learning resources, and participate in extracurricular activities according to their interests and talents. From the perspective of lecturers, the MBKM policy requires changes in teaching and mentoring approaches. Overall, the evaluation of the implementation of the MBKM policy at University shows significant benefits for students and lecturers. However, there are also challenges that need to be overcome, such as managing student time and adjusting lecturer teaching approaches.
Importancia del acceso a internet en el ingreso y la educación en las zonas rurales y urbanas de México
Authors: Romero García José Antonio , Jiménez García Martha , Tavera Cortés María Elena , Armenteros Piedra Naisel Rafael
Published: October 2023

Las tecnologías de información y comunicación han tomado un mayor auge y relevancia en los últimos años, lo cual ha contribuido a un mejor desarrollo de la sociedad, pues ha permitido estimular habilidades para la vida y el trabajo. Sin embargo, en el caso de México, el acceso a internet no es homogéneo en todo el país, a pesar de que es un servicio de alta prioridad y con muchas ventajas, lo cual ha generado un incremento de la brecha digital entre zonas rurales y urbanas. Por lo que, el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la importancia del acceso a internet y su relación con el ingreso y la educación en las comunidades rurales y urbanas. Para ello, se efectuó un análisis descriptivo por análisis no supervisado mediante una asociación de clúster de K-means del acceso a internet y del nivel de ingreso y escolaridad de las zonas rurales y urbanas de México. Los resultados indican que el acceso al internet en las zonas urbanas ha provocado un mayor ingreso económico, lo cual se asocia a un mayor nivel educativo; en cambio, en las zonas tanto rurales o urbanas donde no se usa el internet, se tuvo un menor ingreso económico. Se concluye, por tanto, que existe una brecha digital entre las zonas urbanas y zonas rurales y que el acceso a internet en la sociedad fomenta un aumento en el nivel educativo y económico de las personas.
THE INFLUENCE OF USING CODI ON STUDENT’S MOTIVATION IN READING
Authors: Ningrum Saraswati Eko , Fauziati Endang , Prastiwi Yeny
Published: October 2023

Students' reading motivation is likely low due to internal and external factors. The internal factors, for example, are intelligence, age, gender, reading ability, attitudes, and psychological needs. The external factors include the theme, level of reading difficulty, and the type of reading. This research was conducted to know whether the use of Content Differentiated Instructions (CoDI) in teaching could affect students' motivation in reading, especially descriptive text. This kind of text was chosen because it is the simplest text among five other kinds of text that are given to beginner-level students, in this case, students of junior high school. The researcher tried to find out whether the implementation of CoDI could affect the students’ motivation in reading.  In this study, the researcher used a qualitative method.  The data used were in the form of answers or student responses in the form of questionnaires. The result was that using CoDI affects the students’ motivation in reading descriptive text.
Examining the Impact of Interdisciplinary Practices on Secondary School Students' Awareness of Sustainable Living
Authors: YÜZBAŞIOĞLU Mustafa Kemal
Published: October 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of the practices carried out according to an interdisciplinary approach on students' awareness of sustainable living.

Methodology: In the present study, one group pre-test post-test experimental design, one of the quasi-experimental methods, was used. A total of 46 activities were carried out in 33 weeks of the academic year within the scope of 11 different courses and social club practices with 37 secondary school students who participated in the study. The study data were collected using the Sustainable Living Awareness Scale.

Findings: As a result of the activities carried out, students' awareness of sustainable living increased significantly on an overall scale and in the social, economic, and environmental sub-dimensions of the scale.

Highlights: The present study concluded that the activities carried out over a long period with an interdisciplinary approach reflected positively on the awareness of the students. It is recommended to take steps to make teacher candidates and teachers aware of the concept of sustainable development and for the development of teacher candidates and teachers on sustainable development.
El desplazamiento forzado en Colombia: las vivencias de la comunidad del barrio La Honda – Medellín. Construcción de su derecho a la ciudad y lucha por la memoria histórica
Authors: Cervantes Martínez Susana
Published: October 2023

El artículo profundiza sobre el desplazamiento forzado en el proceso de formación y territorialización del barrio La Honda, de Medellín, identificando aspectos como la respuesta estatal ante ese fenómeno y sus víctimas, la Operación Estrella VI, los actores armados legales e ilegales predominantes, el desplazamiento forzado intraurbano, entre otros. Para ello, la metodología empleada se realizó con base en un enfoque de tipo exploratorio en el que se revisó documentación bibliográfica sobre el tema, visitas en campo y entrevistas abiertas con actores. Dentro de los principales hallazgos se puede mencionar que son muchas las víctimas del desplazamiento forzado que aún no reciben verdad, justicia y reparación con garantías de no repetición, al igual que muchas de esas personas no se pudieron registrar en el Registro Único de migrantes forzados por múltiples razones.
Lavado de activos y expansión del Derecho Penal
Authors: Millán Bustamante Juan Pablo
Published: October 2023

En el presente trabajo de investigación se analizan los elementos generales de la figura delictiva del Lavado de Activos, dentro de su desarrollo general en el mundo y de forma específica en el contexto colombiano, señalando su relación con las corrientes expansionistas del Derecho Penal y la influencia de la economía del siglo XXI en las tendencias regulatorias y sancionatorias del mismo. Para tal efecto, se hace un análisis de las distintas posturas de los autores frente al delito en cuestión y los planteamientos que sobre el mismo ha desarrollado la jurisprudencia colombiana, lo anterior con el fin de llegar la demostración de la conexión de esta conducta con la disminución de determinadas garantías penales.
Social Theater in Russia as a Social Field: Towards a Problem Statement
Authors:   Rimashevskaya Institute of Social and Economic Problems of Population,  Federal Research Sociological Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sheremet Alexander N.
Published: October 2023

The article attempts to examine the emerging social field of social theater in modern Russian society. The study of social theater through the prism of the paradigm of constructivist structuralism and Pierre Bourdieu's theory of social spaces and fields allows presenting it as a relatively autonomous social field generated by the more extended in space and time fields of art in general and theater in particular. As a result of this research, the au-thor has given a general characterization of the social theater field and its main constituents: field agents, their habitus, their cultural, social, economic, and symbolic capitals, as well as the position of the social theater field in relation to other social fields. The use of the concept of social fields opens new opportunities for a compre-hensive sociological study of the phenomenon of social theater.
Typical Difficulties for Younger Students in Learning a Foreign Language
Authors:   Moscow State Pedagogical University, Larkina Daria A. , Neborsky Egor V. ,   Moscow State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2023

Nowadays, society is rapidly developing and becoming more complex. Such rapid changes noticeably affect the human psyche, which does not have time to adapt to the new world. Partly in this regard, younger students are increasingly experiencing various difficulties in the process of learning and assimilating new knowledge and skills, including in learning foreign languages. According to a number of studies, the percentage of primary school students who experience difficulties in learning activities ranges from 15 to 40 %. Nevertheless, the problem of difficulties that arise when learning a foreign language at primary school age is poorly studied, which explains its relevance in modern science. This article presents a classification of typical difficulties that occur in children aged 6 to 12 when learning a foreign language. To create a classification, data obtained from a survey of 87 teachers working with children of this age group were used. The classification is based on the definition of the type of mental processes (cognitive, emotional, volitional) emphasized in Russian psychology and involved in the learning process.
Prevention of the Phenomena of Abuse and Bullying in the Student Environment of the University
Authors:   Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University, Glukh Konstantin Yu. , Kotov Alexander E. ,   Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University, Prokubovskaya Alla O. ,   Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the prevention of such phenomena as bullying and abuse, which often occur among students of higher professional education. The scale of these phenomena in educational institu-tions is analyzed. The causes, types and the existing system of prevention of these negative forms of interac-tion between students are studied. It is emphasized that both social and verbal bullying are widespread in high-er education institutions. The article provides the results of a survey, which shows the results that students from families that belong to weak resource groups, most often during the training period, became victims of: verbal, financial, cyber, social and physical bullying. This issue is very relevant all over the world, both in the past and in the present. These phenomena are poorly studied, it is necessary to intensify the research activities of the scientific community in this direction in order to develop an effective system of measures to prevent and control these manifestations of aggression in the youth environment. Thus, the article presents the author's program of bullying prevention.
Features of Temporal Perspective in Hearing Impaired Children of Older Adolescence
Authors:   Kursk State University, Mirakyan Karina F. , Kuznetsova Alesya A. ,   Kursk State Medical University, Kameneva Tatyana N. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation,   State University of Management
Published: October 2023

The research interest of modern scientists is focused on the issues of interpersonal interaction of hearing-impaired children, peculiarities of their self-perception and the surrounding reality, developing higher mental functions in ontogenesis against the background of sensory deficiency. However, it is revealed that the number of scientific works disclosing the peculiarities of temporal orientations of adolescents with hearing impairment is insignificant, while the need for them is obvious. The aim of this study is to investigate the specific features of temporal perspective in hearing-impaired adolescents and to identify correlations between its indicators and executive functions in order to further develop a correctional and developmental program aimed at optimizing the latter and changing the temporal perspective towards balance. According to the study, conventionally healthy adolescents are more focused on enjoying events in the present, while their hearing-impaired peers reflect on the implications of their behavior in the future, but differ in a less sentimental attitude to past experi-ences and do not regard it as meaningful for the present.
Search Conference Method as a Functioning Principle of the Working Group on Prevention of Schoolshooting and Spread of Columbine Ideology in the Nizhny Novgorod Region
Authors:   Ministry of Internal Regional and Municipal Policy of Nizhny Novgorod Region, Karasyov Pavel K. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod
Published: October 2023

The article presents data on the preliminary results of the interdepartmental working group activities to prevent schoolshooting and the spread of Columbine ideology in Nizhny Novgorod region. Columbine is a widespread misanthropic concept based on subjective experiences of one’s own greatness (most often of a compensatory nature) and extreme solipsism combined with ideas about surrounding people as «biowaste». Understanding of the systemic nature and bio-psychosocial conditionality of the phenomenon led to the creation of an interde-partmental working group, and the low efficiency of traditional management methods – the use of the search conference method. It allowed for the formation of a roadmap with input from representatives of all profession-al groups and provided ample opportunity for personal initiative as the main means of overcoming doubts and skepticism, based on the learned principle of professional equality and the right to freely express one’s ideas.
On the Development of a Fuzzy Model for Assessing Consumer Loyalty for Electric Power Industry Organizations
Authors:   Shakhty Automobile and Road Construction Institute (branch) of South-Russian  State Polytechnic University (NPI) named after M.I. Platov, Kravchenko Oksana A.
Published: October 2023

The article emphasizes the relevance of improving the efficiency of the electric power industry organizations. It is revealed that the transition to market relations and the existing sectoral mechanisms for improving competi-tiveness do not contribute to the reduction of electricity prices, the steady growth of which is observed during the reform and post-reform periods. Attention is focused on the need to stimulate consumer loyalty as one of the effective mechanisms for increasing competitiveness in the electric power industry. The types of consumer loyalty, the main approaches to its assessment and management, and the features of consumer loyalty of elec-tric power organizations, determined by their functioning, are characterized. Significant factors influencing the loyalty of electricity consumers have been identified and, on their basis, a model of consumer loyalty of con-sumers in the commercial sector has been developed. The most appropriate soft modeling approach and im-plementation method for the developed model were selected. The possibility of using the developed fuzzy model for assessing consumer loyalty for energy sales and power grid organizations is shown.
New Challenges and Demands for the National Health Care System in the Digital Era
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University Simferopol, Remesnik Elena S. , Ladygin Alexander A. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University Simferopol
Published: October 2023

The authors emphasize that the quality of life of the population is a priority in the development of any state. Life expectancy at birth (LEB) is one of the important indicators. The paper reveals the statistical dependence of (LEB) on the value of gross domestic product in the country as a whole. Using statistical data, the authors demonstrate the strong fluctuations of the LEB indicator by regions and the lack of correlation between LEB and gross regional product per capita for the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. This problem re-quires a special approach when working with the life expectancy indicator in the healthcare system. The article considers the relevance of changing business processes and transition to a management model based on the patient’s medical profile in the healthcare system in order to achieve the national development goals of the state and improve the quality of population's life. The positive role of a patient-oriented approach in the devel-opment of the healthcare system is substantiated. The possibility of using medical marketing tools as part of social marketing is revealed in order to create communications, increase trust in the healthcare system, satis-faction with medical care, and increase the proportion of citizens leading a healthy lifestyle.
Modern Trends in the Development of Labor Law in Russia (Economic and Legal Aspect)
Authors:   Ukhta State Technical University, Romashova Tatiana V. , Kondral Dmitry P.
Published: October 2023

Modern trends in the development of the labor sector in the country determine the key directions for improving legislation. Among the key ones are the democratization and liberalization of the labor sphere, the growing importance of legal guarantees to ensure favorable working conditions and decent wages, the creation of op-timal legal conditions for the development of labor and business, the increased use of remote forms of work, and the development of a system of social and economic guarantees for different categories of workers (in particular, persons employed in the Far North and equated areas). Nowadays, there is a tendency of increasing integration of labor and social spheres, which determined the corresponding development of legal and institu-tional systems. Significant issues for the successful development of the legal system in the field of labor are: the development of legal guarantees for the socio-economic security of the country’s population, labor liberali-zation, legal support for decent wages, democratic development of the institutional and legal system, im-provement of the legal basis for remote work. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the analysis and as-sessment of key trends in the development of labor law in Russia, as well as in the study of promising ways to improve it. The core aspects of modern labor law are analyzed, the conditions and prospects for further devel-opment of this branch of law are examined. Based on the study of legal documents and institutional analysis, the main trends and prospects for the development of labor law are described. Under the legal and systemic approaches, the circumstances and ways of improvement of labor law as a branch of law are investigated. In addition, as part of the normative-legal and institutional approaches, the mechanisms of implementation of state policy in the field of labor are outlined. In conclusion, the article analyzes the key vectors of legislative development.
Problems of the Employer’s Legal Personality of Minors Aged from Fourteen to Eighteen Years
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University, Savin Viktor T.
Published: October 2023

The article focuses on the employer’s legal personality of minors aged 14 to 18 years old provided for in part 10 of Art. 20 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, which allows them to act as employers in labor rela-tions. The relevance of the work topic is emphasized by its underdevelopment in the science of labor law, which requires further study of this category. The article emphasizes the reasons of unreasonable vesting by the legislator of minors with the right to be employers, which are as follows: inconsistency of the legislator in determining the age criterion of employer’s legal personality for these persons, construction of the studied norm by analogy with Art. 26 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, ignoring such essential factors as mental (volitional criterion) and physiological (physical criterion) state of health of persons under the age of 18. This made it possible to conclude that the labor law regulating the acquisition of employer’s legal personality by individuals is not devoid of serious shortcomings that require its improvement, in this regard, the author pro-posed measures to eliminate them.
Forensic Aspects of the Artificial Intelligence Application in Uncovering and Investigating Crimes
Authors:   North Caucasus branch of Russian University of Justice, Tarasov Anatoly V. , Temzokov Astemir R. ,   North Caucasus branch of Russian University of Justice
Published: October 2023

The publication considers the forensic aspects of the application of artificial intelligence in the process of un-covering and investigating crimes. It is emphasized that, in the context of a rapidly evolving digital environment and an increasing amount of digital data, artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly important in the field of law enforcement. The role of artificial intelligence in automating the analysis of evidence, identifying patterns and trends in criminal events, and forecasting crime is analyzed. In addition, ethical and legal aspects of the application of artificial intelligence in forensics, such as data privacy and the protection of human rights, are assessed. Challenges related to the lack of precedents and normative bases for decision-making based on AI data are outlined. The study highlights the importance of balancing innovation and law enforcement when inte-grating artificial intelligence into crime-fighting processes. As a result, the publication contains separate conclu-sions and proposals for improving the legal mechanisms for the application of artificial intelligence in the un-covering and investigation of crimes.
The Pure Legal Theory of H. Kelsen and Psychoanalytic Jurisprudence by A. Ehrenzweig: Points of Convergence
Authors:   Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nersesyants Anna V.
Published: October 2023

The article touches upon the issue of “points of contact” between two different approaches to the study of legal problems – the pure legal theory developed by H. Kelsen and psychoanalytic jurisprudence proposed by A. Ehrenzweig. Based on the analysis of biographies of scientists, the thesis is substantiated that an important incentive for the reversal of Ehrenzweig’s scientific interests towards the philosophy of law and for his attempt to bring theoretical constructions of psychoanalysis into this sphere was the desire to support H. Kelsen (his colleague at the University of California Berkeley), whose approach to understanding law met with a very cold reception in the USA. Based on a number of ideas expressed by H. Kelsen about justice, A. Ehrenzweig made the object of his research a sense of justice, which he considered from the standpoint of Freudian psychoanal-ysis. Despite the fact that the scientist has set himself an impossible task, trying to show how exactly by study-ing the sense of justice it is possible to remove the sharpness of contradictions between philosophical and le-gal doctrines, the direction of comprehension of law proposed by him seems important and relevant for mod-ern jurisprudence. Therefore, this approach will allow to take into account more fully the multidimensionality of the human being as a legal subject.
Gender Discourse in the Confessional Space of Modern Kabardino-Balkaria (Based on Sociological Research)
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shaozheva Natal’ya A.
Published: October 2023

The article is based on the materials of a sociological survey conducted in April-May 2023 among the youth of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic “Gender preferences of young people in the spiritual sphere in the Kabardi-no-Balkarian Republic”. The results of the survey demonstrated the increasing interest in Islam on the part of the region’s new generation. Thus, more than 50 % of young men and women assign a key role to Shariah in regulating social relations and ensuring the protection of people’s rights. The remainder consider the laws of the state to be their priority. A small part of the respondents gave their preference to adats and these are, as a rule, residents of rural areas. Precedence of the religious component over the national component in marriage is shown. The revealed degree of prevalence of demonstrative models of Islamic behavior gave grounds to assert that the majority of interviewed men and women welcome the wearing of Muslim Islamic clothing. It is concluded that there is a growing consolidation of Muslims aged 18 to 30 years. It has already become obvious today that it is a real social force that may eventually become dominant in the region.
Sustainable Development of Modern Russia in the Context of Political Culture
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Karpova Natalia V.
Published: October 2023

The article touches upon the issue related to the scientific search for factors and conditions that ensure sustain-able development of modern Russia in the midst of new challenges and foreign policy changes. The main at-tention is paid to the political culture, on which not only the political identity of the country, but also the very path of political development of the state depends. The author shows that the political culture of sustainable devel-opment is not based on ideological foundations, but primarily represents a positive set of political orientations of citizens in relation to state policy, its social orientation in the interests of society. Such a political culture, con-taining a balance of values between the people and the elite, will be designed for the long-term development of the system, and ensuring its continuity. At the same time, it highlights the positive properties of inertial char-acter, which help the political system to maintain the trajectory of its movement without losing stability, while the potential of the dialectics of political-cultural development allows it to adapt to the new reality.
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein sebagai Penanda Prognostik pada Stroke Iskemik Akut
Authors: Amalia Lisda
Published: October 2023

Stroke merupakan kegawatdaruratan neurologi yang timbul mendadak dan merupakan penyebab kematian nomor tiga terbanyak di negara dunia setelah penyakit jantung dan kanker. Stroke iskemik merupakan penyebab paling banyak yaitu 87% dari keseluruhan kasus stroke. Penanda biologik dibutuhkan untuk dapat menggambarkan kerusakan sel saraf otak sehingga dapat membantu klinisi untuk menegakkan diagnosis stroke iskemik. Salah satu penanda tersebut yaitu Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) serum yang diekspresikan oleh sel glia otak yaitu astrosit. Astrosit merupakan sel glia yang terbanyak dalam sistem saraf pusat (SSP) yang berperan penting untuk menjaga fungsi fisiologis dan menjaga homeostasis otak. Astrosit adalah sel yang paling awal dan paling responsif bereaksi bila terjadi iskemia otak. Pada saat terjadi iskemia otak akan  terjadi hipertrofi sel astrosit yang disebut sebagai proses astrogliosis sehingga GFAP diproduksi dan diekskresikan ke dalam aliran darah. Peningkatan kadar GFAP serum dengan sensitifitas 91% dan spesifisitas 97% menandakan reaktivitas sel astrosit dengan threshold cut off 0,29 ng/mL dan ditandai dengan memberatnya derajat defisit neurologis serta memperburuk luaran klinis pada pasien stroke iskemik akut. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein As Prognotic Marker In Acute Ischemic StrokeAbstractStroke is a neurological emergency that occurs suddenly and is the third leading cause of death in the world after heart disease and cancer. Ischemic stroke is the most common cause, namely 87% of all stroke cases. Biological markers are needed to describe the damage to brain nerve cells so that they can help clinicians to make a diagnosis of ischemic stroke. One of these markers is serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) which is expressed by brain glial cells, namely astrocytes. Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the Central Nervous System (CNS) which play an important role in maintaining physiological functions and maintaining brain homeostasis. Astrocytes are the earliest and most responsive cells to react when brain ischemia occurs. At the time of brain ischemia there will be hypertrophy of astrocyte cells which is referred to as astrogliosis process so that GFAP is produced and excreted into the bloodstream. Increasing GFAP levels with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 97% indicates astrocyte cell reactivity with a threshold cut off of 0.29 ng/mL and is characterized by a worsening of the degree of neurological deficit and worsening of clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients.
EKSPLORASI PRAKTIK TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI MAHASISWA PPL PROGRAM STUDI PTIK UKSW DALAM SITUASI PANDEMI DAN SETELAH PANDEMI
Authors: Mansopu Mariana Isabella , Krismiyati Krismiyati
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi praktik teknologi mahasiswa yang melaksanakan Program Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) dalam pembelajaran berbasis Teknologi Informasi dalam situasi pandemi dan setelah pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Informatika dan Komputer UKSW. Penelitian ini juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan dan permasalahan yang dihadapi mahasiswa PPL dalam penerapan Teknologi Informasi pada situasi dan kondisi pendidikan yang berbeda, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara menggunakan aplikasi WhatsApp. Hasil wawancara diolah dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel informasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa praktik penggunaan teknologi mahasiswa PPL saat dan setelah pandemi dinilai cukup baik dengan upaya yang dilakukan untuk terus dapat menyampaikan materi di tengah kendala dan situasi yang ada. Saat pandemi, sebanyak 80% informan mengaku terbantu dengan adanya teknologi-teknologi tersebut karena materi pembelajaran dapat diakses dimana saja tanpa melalui tatap muka. Sebanyak 10% informan merasa teknologi kurang mampu untuk menunjang pembelajaran disebabkan karena adanya gangguan koneksi internet yang menyebabkan materi pembelajaran yang disampaikan tidak berjalan baik. Dan sebanyak 10%  informan merasa tidak terbantu karena siswa menjadi pasif. Sedangkan pada situasi setelah pandemi, seluruh informan atau 100% responden menyatakan terbantu dengan teknologi-teknologi yang ada.
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Enlightenment of foreign citizens’ online political participation on China—Based on the case study of America, Singapore, South Korea, and Japan
Authors: Hu Haisheng , Odei Samuel Amponsah
Published: October 2023

The rapid progress of information technology has made public online participation in policy formulation an inevitable product of modern government reshaping and reconstruction. However, compared with developed countries, citizens’ online participation in policy formulation in China started relatively late. Thus, in order to explore an effective and efficient method for Chinese citizens’ participation in policy formulation, this research made a brief review of the experiences from the typical developed country of United States of America at first, followed by some other developed countries such as Singapore, South Korea, and Japan in Asia with similar situations. Still, combined with the current situation of the China itself into consideration, this research further proposes targeted recommendations. It is expected that the findings in this research could provide some references for the Chinese government to form more effective and efficient theoretical frameworks targeted at the future development trends of the Chinese society and accordingly, to improve the construction of democracy in China.
Enhanced external counterpulsation, focusing on its effect on kidney function, and utilization in patients with kidney diseases: a systematic review
Authors: Thongsricome Thana , Kositanurit Weerapat , Siwamogsatham Sarawut , Tiranathanagul Khajohn
Published: October 2023

Background

Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is provided by a noninvasive device positively affecting cardiovascular function via mechanisms called diastolic augmentation and systolic unloading. The renal aspects of EECP therapy have not been extensively investigated.

Objectives

To assess the effect of EECP on renal function and to determine the application in patients with kidney disease.

Methods

MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched for all studies involving EECP treatments. The title and abstract of all searched literatures were screened, and those focusing on renal outcome or conducting in kidney disease patients were selected.

Results

Eight studies were included in the qualitative analysis. EECP increases stroke volume, mean arterial pressure, renal artery blood flow, renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), plasma atrial natriuretic peptide, urine volume, and urinary sodium chloride excretion, but reduces the plasma concentration of renin and endothelin-1 in healthy subjects. A single session of EECP after radioactive contrast exposure could provide increased contrast clearance, and this reduces contrast-induced kidney injury in patients, irrespective of previous kidney function. Thirty-five-hour sessions of EECP treatment were illustrated to increase long-term estimated GFR in patients with chronic angina and heart failure. In cirrhotic patients, EECP fails to improve GFR and renal vascular resistance. EECP device could maintain blood pressure, decrease angina symptoms, and increase cardiac perfusion in hemodialysis patients.

Conclusion

EECP treatment potentially increases renal perfusion and prevents kidney injury in several conditions. EECP possibly provides beneficial effects on hemodynamics and cardiac function in hemodialysis patients.
Dietary factors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: impacts on human and animal health - a review
Authors: Yeung Andy Wai Kan , Ksepka Natalia , Matin Maima , Wang Dongdong , Souto Eliana B. , Stoyanov Jivko , Echeverría Javier , Tewari Devesh , Horbańczuk Jarosław Olav , Lucarini Massimo , Durazzo Alessandra , Marchewka Joanna , Pirgozliev Vasil , Gan Ren-You , Tzvetkov Nikolay T. , Wysocki Kamil , Matin Farhan Bin , Litvinova Olena , Bishayee Anupam , Devkota Hari Prasad , El-Demerdash Amr , Brnčić Mladen , Santini Antonello , Horbańczuk Olaf. K. , Mickael Michel-Edwar , Ławiński Michał , Das Niranjan , Siddiquea Bodrun Naher , Hrg Dalibor , Atanasov Atanas G.
Published: October 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as a clinical syndrome characterized by excessive fat accumulation in liver, predominantly influenced by dietary choices. This study provides an extensive quantitative literature analysis on dietary influences on NAFLD. Bibliometric data were collected through the search string TOPIC = (“NAFLD*” OR “nonalcoholic fatty liver*” OR “non-alcoholic fatty liver*”) AND TOPIC = (“diet*” OR “nutrition*” OR “food*” OR “feed*”), which yielded 12,445 publications indexed within the Web of Science Core Collection. Utilizing VOSviewer software, term maps were generated to visually illustrate recurring phrases alongside citation data. The literature, which has seen exponential growth since the 2010s, predominantly consists of original articles, with a ratio of 4.7:1 compared to reviews. Notably, the significant contributors to this field were China and the United States. The majority of publications were found journals specialized in Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Nutrition & Dietetics, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, and Pharmacology & Pharmacy. Key dietary compounds/compounds classes such as resveratrol, polyphenols, curcumin, berberine, quercetin, flavonoids, omega-3 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), genistein, and palmitic acid were frequently mentioned and cited. Many of them were demonstrated to have some potential benefits on NAFLD, both in human and animal studies.
Small ruminant lentivirus-infected dairy goats’ metabolic blood profile in different stages of lactation
Authors: Zalewska Magdalena , Jarczak Justyna , Czopowicz Michał , Mickiewicz Marcin , Kaba Jarosław , Bagnicka Emilia
Published: October 2023

The study aims to determine the differences in metabolic parameters in blood serum between asymptomatic animals with small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) and uninfected goats. Pearson correlations were also estimated between biochemical parameters. The study included 26 goats which were divided into SRLV-infected and SRLV-free groups. Blood samples were taken at four points of lactation (days 14, 45, 85, and 240, reflecting perinatal period, early lactation, the peak of lactation, the end of lactation). Hepatic, kidney, bone, cardiac, pancreatic, lipid profiles and CRP concentrations were analyzed. Choline esterase (CHE), calcium (Ca*), creatine kinase (CK), and triglyceride (TRI) levels differed between groups, on day 240 (p≤0.05). Some parameters varied during lactation, with similar patterns observed in both groups. Mainly positive correlations between biochemical parameters were observed in the SRLV-free and SRLV-infected groups both within organ profiles and between them. CRP was not correlated with any biochemical parameters in the SRLV-free group but was negatively correlated with parameters of the liver, kidney, cardiac, and lipid profiles in the SRLV-infected group. The correlations suggest that SRLV may affect the kidneys, liver and heart, even in asymptomatic animals. Some differences were found between asymptomatic SRLV-infected and SRLV-free goats in the last stage of lactation; however, the nature of these changes requires further detailed studies.
Effects of dietary supplementation with algae, sunflower oil, or soybean oil, and age on fat content, fatty acid profile and the expression of related genes in rabbits
Authors: Maj Dorota , Migdał Łukasz , Zapletal Piotr
Published: October 2023

>Abstract

The aim of this study was determine the effect of different dietary supplements (algae, sunflower oil, or soybean oil) and age (12 and 18 weeks) on the fat content, fatty acid (FA) profile, and expression of the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) genes in rabbit muscle. Rabbits (n = 160) were randomly divided into four groups. The control group (C) received non-supplemented pellets, while in the other groups the pellet contained 1% algae (A), 3% sunflower oil (OS), or 3% soybean (SO) oil. Soybean and sunflower oil (3%) in the diet increased the linoleic acid (LA) content in meat of 12-week-old rabbits. The use of algae (1%) in the diet increased the n-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) compared with the vegetable oil and control groups, and decreased the n-6/n-3 ratio. The effect of the diet on FTO and FABP4 gene expression depended on the age of the rabbits. In older animals (18 weeks of age) the expression of these genes was highest in the group with 1% algae. Furthermore, the FA profile and FTO and FABP4 gene expression were affected by the age of rabbits, but not by sex. The results showed that diet is an important tool to modulate the FA profile in rabbit meat by changing the expression of fat metabolism–related genes.
Localization of embryonic stem cells lacking E-cadherin in a mouse blastocyst
Authors: Filimonow Katarzyna , Bańska Magdalena M. , Maleszewski Marek
Published: October 2023

Here we present our results regarding the role of E-cadherin (CDH1, cadherin 1) in the specification of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in the embryo environment. It has been previously shown that, when forming embryoid bodies with wild-type ESCs, ESCs lacking a functional copy of the gene encoding the adhesive protein E-cadherin (Ecad−/−) preferably sort out to the outside compartment, thus forming the primitive endoderm (PrE) lineage. However, little or no information is available regarding the dynamics of Ecad−/− cells in the actual blastocyst, and so the aim of this work was to determine in which of the three blastocyst cell lines - trophoblast (TE), epiblast (Epi), or PrE - Ecad−/− cells would be located in the embryo environment. For this purpose we injected ESCs into embryos at various stages of pre-implantation development. We used a H2B-GFP cell line expressing histone H2B conjugated with green fluorescent protein (H2BEGFP), as well as a Ecad−/− cell line, in which cells exhibit weaker adhesive properties than wild-type Esc because of their allelic deficiency in the locus encoding cadherin CDH1. We have demonstrated that these cells exhibit a trend to locate in the TE and much less frequently in the Epi, but never in the PrE. We propose that this may be due to differences in the expression of genes characteristic of these cell lines within the Ecad−/− cell colony.