bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF ONLINE GAMES TO STUDENTS ENGLISH ACHIEVEMENTS IN SMA PGRI 4 PADANG
Authors: Ramadhani Suci Aulia , Sevrika Hevriani , Elmiati Elmiati
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze the influence of online games to students English achievement in SMA PGRI 4 Padang. This research is motivated by the existence of problems that make students unable to divide their study time well. This type of research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. This study used questionnaires, interviews and student grade documents as intruments. Researchers used a questionnaire as an instrument as many as 54 students filled out a questionnaire, and 10 students were interviewed as data in this study. From the results of the questionnaire, the researcher found 2 influence based on indicators of playing online games, namely time distortion and obsession with online world games with the proportion of students who have problems with time distortion (17%) and obsessed with online games (12%). Meanwhile, based on the results of the interview, the researchers found several problems including students who were not wise in dividing the time between the learning process in class and playing online games and the time frequency in playing online games which was quite long from 1 hour a day, and obsessed with online games because it can benefit them financially and to gain popularity. Finally, to support the data that has been analyzed, in the results of the data analysis, the researcher found that only 5 students had a fairly good progress on the English scores for mid-semester 1. So, it can be concluded that the results of this study online games can have a negative influence on students English learning achievement at SMA PGRI 4 Padang.
FACTORS INFLUENCING STUDENTS` PRONUNCIATION MASTERY AT ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF STKIP PGRI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Ikhsan Muhammad Khairi
Published: September 2022

The research is aimed at finding out the dominant factors influencing students` pronunciation mastery at English department of STKIP PGRI  Sumatera Barat. This research is using qualitative research method. Total of participants are 10 English students in  academic year 2020/2021 at English Department of STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat who are getting the best mark in pronunciation class. Sample of the research was selected by using  purposive sampling thecnique. The instrument used is interview. The purpose of the interview is to get the real arguments about factor influencing students` pronunciation mastery. This research revealed that motivation is the dominant factor influencing students` pronunciation mastery. Most of the students were motivated to increase their  pronunciation because they were motivated by native speakers-watching the western or English movies and  songs. Besides, they also argued that they wanted to go to overseas so, they should produce the word with correctly pronounced to avoid misunderstanding for both speakers. Based on the data obtained, it can be stated that motivation is the dominant factor influencing students` pronunciation mastery in academic year 2020/2021 at English Department of STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat.
SPEAKING TASK IN STUDENTS’ ENGLISH TEXTBOOK “WHEN ENGLISH RINGS A BELL” FOR 7th GRADE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Lyoni Navinci , Elmiati Elmiati , Yelliza Yelliza
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze the speaking tasks in the tectbook and the type of speaking assessment presented in the speaking task of student's English textbook entitled "When English Rings A Bell" for 7th grade of junior high school. This research was motivated by the phenomenon of the type of speaking assessment that is suitable for 7th grade students, that was imitative speaking and intensive speaking. Thus, to analyzed the type of speaking assessment, it is necessary to determine the speaking task presented by the book. This research is a qualitative descriptive study because the data collected is in the form of words using the Content Analysis method. This study used the student's English textbook entitled "When English Rings A Bell" for 7th grade Junior High School as a source of data. Document checklist was used as an instrument for data collection techniques, especially on the speaking task in the student's English textbook. The results showed that there were 92 speaking tasks in 8 chapters in the textbook that is Roles Play, Dialogue Completion, Directed Response, Read Aloud, Discussion, Games, Question And Answer Task, Repeat Word or Sentence, And Oral Presentations. For the type of speaking assessment in the speaking task, it was found that the Intensive speaking type was the most common with a percentage of 33.70%, Interactive Speaking 32.61% Extensive Speaking 30.43%, Imitative Speaking 2.17%, and Responsive Speaking 1.087%.
STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC DISHONESTY IN DOING THE TASKS DURING ONLINE LEARNING AT VOCATIONAL SCHOOL
Authors: Sartika Mira , Yulimiati Yulmiati , Suharni Suharni
Published: September 2022

This research is motivated by academic dishonesty committed by students in doing the tasks in e-learning while studying online at Pariaman Vocational High School. Participants in this study were students of class XI in Vocational High School using the purposive sampling method, totaling 58 students. The data were collected by researchers by observing student tasks documents in e-learning by grouping the types of academic dishonesty carried out by students. The researcher found 31 students who did academic dishonesty in doing the tasks during online learning. The results of this study indicate that academic fraud has the potential to occur in online learning in doing the tasks through e-learning in the form of cheating, plagiarism, deception, and fabrication.Keywords : Academic dishonesty, e-learning, online learning, tasks
STUDENTS’ LEARNING MOTIVATION USING SCHOOLOGY AS ONLINE LEARNING AT SMPN 03 MUKOMUKO
Authors: Malinda Tris , Yelliza Yelliza , Ikhsan M. Khairi
Published: September 2022

This study aims to describe how is the students’ learning motivation using Schoology as an online learning during COVID-19 at SMPN 03 Mukomuko. The participants in this study is students in eight grade for academic year 2020/2021 with a total 134. To collect the data researcher used questionnaire and interview that related to students’ learning motivation using Schoology as the intrumentations. Based on this research, there are two types of students’ motivation in learning, namely intrinsic and extrinsicmotivation. The results showed that students of SMPN 03 Mukomuko are motivated intrinsic and extrinsic with a total of percentage 77% in high category of level creteria motivation in online learning by using Schoology. Almost all of the students felt happy and enthusiastic about learning independently using Schoology during the COVID-19 pandemic, because Schoology is equipped with various interesting features. It can be increase student’s learning motivation. As well as diverse learning materials that can help students explore their abilities and creativity to improve learning achievement without face to face. The students also get direction, support and encouragement from teachers and parents during online learning using Schoology with the current situation.
CONTRIBUTION OF TEACHING GRAMMAR COMMUNICATIVELY IN BASIC LEVEL
Authors: Rahmadani Astuti Pratiwi , Afriyanti Rika , Putri Dian Mega
Published: September 2022

Grammar is one of the most components in learning foreign language. Especially in learning English, grammar helps the learners to develop the language skills; listening, speaking, reading and writing. Therefore, teaching grammar contributes to the success of learners in mastering English and the teachers is better to know the best approaches and methods for teaching grammar effectively. Teaching grammar is not only about teaching the rules and construct the sentences. More than it, teaching grammar must be emphasizes on how to use grammar for communication. Dealing with this fact, the writer agrees with the approach of teaching grammar proposed by Harmer that the idea of teaching grammar is started from introducing, discovering, and practicing grammar as well as involving students in grammar games. The models of activities he presents in this book support the effective teaching approach since in practices, they involve other language skills too so that learning grammar is no more learning a set of language rules, instead, it encourages students to use the language meaningfully, appropriately as well as fluently,  in either productive and receptive skills.
INCREASED ACTIVITIES AND LEARNING OUTCOMES OF STUDENT GEOGRAPHY BY GIVING QUIZZES AT THE END OF LEARNING IN CLASS XII IPS-1 SMA NEGERI 2 LUBUK BASUNG
Authors: Emilia Emilia
Published: September 2022

This classroom action research aims to improve the activities and learning outcomes of geography students in class XII IPS-1 SMA Negeri 2 Lubuk Basung using quizzes, observation sheets and field notes. Overall, the students' average learning activity increases, it can be concluded that the giving of quizzes to the end of learning can improve learning activities and student learning outcomes, which are not only applied to certain materials but also to all geography learning materials.
Analysis Students' Anxiety in Writing English Paragraph at University of PGRI Sumatera Barat
Authors: Aurora Cindy , Sani Riny Dwitya , Sesmiyanti Sesmiyanti
Published: September 2022

Abstract This study aims to determine the anxiety in writing paragraphs in English by students of the English education study program at PGRI University, West Sumatra. This study uses qualitative research. This study uses a total sampling technique, namely students in sessions A and B, totaling 42 people. There are several indicators that cause anxiety experienced by students in writing English paragraphs, namely: Fear of negative evaluation and fear of the test, time pressure, low self-confidence, insufficient writing technique, language difficulties, lack of topical knowledge, lack of experience or insufficient writing practice and pressure for perfect work. Researchers used instruments to collect data, namely questionnaires and interviews. The questionnaire is described from indicators consisting of 20 items. Based on data and analysis from questionnaires and interviews, most of the students showed anxiety in writing English paragraphs. Students experience the most common problems with stone pressure. Then, low self-confidence is also the lowest trigger of anxiety that students have in writing English paragraphs. Judging from the causes of anxiety in writing English paragraphs, students feel insecure about their ability to write English paragraphs. Keyword : Writing anxiety, writing English paragraphAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecemasan dalam menulis paragraf bahasa Inggris mahasiswa program studi pendidikan bahasa Inggris di Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif riset.Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik total sampling yaitu mahasiswa sesi A dan B yang berjumlah 42 orang. Ada beberapa indikator penyebab kecemasan yang dialami mahasiswa dalam menulis paragraf bahasa Inggris, yaitu: Fear of negative evaluation and fear of the test, time pressure, low of self confident, insufficient writing technique, language difficulties, lack of topical knowledge, lack of experience or insufficient writing practice and pressure for perfect work. Peneliti menggunakan instrument untuk mengumpulkan data yaitu kuesioner dan interview. Kuesioner tersebut dijabarkan dari indikator yang terdiri dari 20 item. Berdasarkan data dan analisis dari kuesioner dan interview, sebagian besar mahasiswa menunjukkan kecemasan dalam menulis paragraf bahasa Inggris. Siswa mengalami masalah yang paling umum dengan tekanan watu. Kemudian, rendahnya rasa percaya diri juga menjadi pemicu terendah kecemasan yang dimiliki siswa dalam menulis paragraf bahasa Inggris. Dilihat dari penyebab kecemasan dalam menulis paragraf bahasa Inggris siswa merasa tidak percaya diri akan kemampuan mereka dalam menulis paragraf bahasa Inggris.Kata kunci: Kecemasan menulis, menulis paragraf Bahasa Inggris
IMPROVING INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' VOCABULARY USING VIDEO AS LEARNING MEDIA
Authors: Hapsari Fitri Senny , Mochamad Ahyar Miftahul Farid , Frijuniarsi Nurul Frijuniarsi
Published: September 2022

The presence of learning material that piques students' interest is a critical component of educational activities. Media serves as a bridge between teachers and students, facilitating the dissemination of educational materials and aiding comprehension. The breakout of the Covid-19 epidemic in Indonesia impacted Indonesia's school system. Students and professors must engage in educational activities virtually. As a result, the educational media During the Covid-19 pandemic, educators have the option of using audiovisual media to educate students. This study aims to determine whether or not videos as learning media can help students improve their English vocabulary. Individual action research is used in this study, which includes surveys, observations, interviews, and a class test. Qualitative research methodologies were used to analyze 60 second-year students in the industrial engineering department. The study found that lecturers' use of learning videos to teach during the Covid-19 outbreak had a positive impact. To help pupils learn English during the Covid-19 pandemic, media in the form of educational video was deployed.
Assessing Root Causes of First Case On-time Start (FCOTS) Delay in the Orthopedic Department at a Busy Level II Community Teaching Hospital
Authors: Saul Blake , Ketelaar Elise , Yaish Amjad , Wagner Michael , Comrie Robert , Brannan Grace D. , Restini Carolina , Balancio Michelle
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION

Due to the high cost of operating room time, hospitals have been under increasing pressure to optimize operating room (OR) efficiency. One parameter that has been used to predict OR efficiency is First Case On-Time Start (FCOTS). In this brief report, the authors describe results from a quality improvement project designed to identify the rates and primary causes of first case delay for elective procedures within the orthopedic department at their suburban community hospital.

METHODS

This was a retrospective, quality improvement project. The authors reviewed information from their anesthesia group to identify the rate and causes for delayed FCOTS, as well as observations and employee interviews to map contributing factors of delay.

RESULTS

Surgery data on 159 days reviewed indicated that 107 (67.3%) days had first case delays. Of the 398 total first cases during this period, 156 (39.2%) were found to be delayed. The authors identified surgeon practices, with 74 (56.5%) as the main contributor to delay, followed by pre-operative processes, with 24 (18.3%), and room-related causes, 17 (13.0%). The anesthesia department and the patient were minor causes of delay, with 9 (6.9%) and 7 (5.3%) of case delays respectively.

DISCUSSION

Results were similar to other studies, indicating surgeons and pre-operative as main cause for delay. A fishbone diagram revealed patient factors, inefficiency in the pre-operative process, and staff tardiness as some of the causes.

CONCLUSIONS

During this project, surgeon practices and preoperative processes were the main factors contributing to OR inefficiency within the community-based hospital. Future strategies to improve daily OR flow within similar institutions should target surgeon on-time arrival and streamlining of the pre-operative process to effectively reduce FCOTS delays.
Snow sensitivity to climate change during compound cold-hot and wet-dry seasons in the Pyrenees
Authors: Bonsoms Josep , López-Moreno Juan Ignacio , Alonso-González Esteban
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The Mediterranean basin has experienced one of the highest warming rates on Earth over the last decades and climate projections anticipate water-scarcity future scenarios. Mid-latitude Mediterranean mountain areas such as the Pyrenees play a key role in the hydrological resources for intensely populated lowland areas. However, there are still large uncertainties about the impact of climate change on the snowpack in high mountain ranges of the Mediterranean region. Here, we provide a climate sensitivity analysis of the Pyrenean snowpack through five key snow climate indicators. Snow sensitivity is analyzed during compound temperature and precipitation extreme seasons, namely Cold-Dry (CD), Cold-Wet (CW), Warm-Dry (WD) and Warm-Wet (WW) seasons, for low (1500 m), mid (1800 m) and high (2400 m) elevation sectors of the Pyrenees. To this end, a physically-based energy and mass balance snow model (FSM2) is validated by ground-truth data, and subsequently applied to the entire range, forcing perturbed reanalysis climate data for the 1980–2019 baseline scenario. The results have shown that FSM2 successfully reproduces the observed snow depth (HS) values, reaching R2 > 0.8, and relative RMSE and MAE lower than 10 % of the observed HS. Overall, climate sensitivity decreases with elevation and increases towards the eastern Pyrenees. When temperature is progressively warmed at 1 ºC intervals, the largest seasonal HS decreases from baseline climate are found at +1 ºC, reaching values of -47 %, -48 % and -25 % for low, mid and high elevations, respectively. Only an upward trend of precipitation (+10 %) could counterbalance temperature increases (<= 1 ºC) at high elevations during the coldest months of the season, since temperature is far from the isothermal 0 ºC conditions. The maximum (minimum) seasonal HS and peak HS max reductions are observed on WW (CD) seasons. During the latter seasons, the seasonal HS is expected to be reduced by -37 % (- 28 %), -34 % (- 30 %), -27 % (-22 %) per ºC, at low, mid and high elevation areas, respectively. For snow ablation climate indicators, the largest decreases are observed during WD seasons, when the peak HS date is anticipated 10 days and snow duration (ablation) decreases (increases) 12 % per ºC. The results suggest similar climate sensitivities in mid-latitude mountain areas; where significant snowpack reductions are anticipated, with relevant consequences in the ecological and socioeconomic systems.
Downscaling multi-model climate projection ensembles with deep learning (DeepESD): contribution to CORDEX EUR-44
Authors: Baño-Medina Jorge , Manzanas Rodrigo , Cimadevilla Ezequiel , Fernández Jesús , González-Abad Jose , Cofiño Antonio S. , Gutiérrez José Manuel
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Deep learning (DL) has recently emerged as an innovative tool to downscale climate variables from large-scale atmospheric fields under the perfect-prognosis (PP) approach. Different convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been applied under present-day conditions with promising results, but little is known about their suitability for extrapolating future climate change conditions. Here, we analyze this problem from a multi-model perspective, developing and evaluating an ensemble of CNN-based downscaled projections (hereafter DeepESD) for temperature and precipitation over the European EUR-44i (0.5∘) domain, based on eight global circulation models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). To our knowledge, this is the first time that CNNs have been used to produce downscaled multi-model ensembles based on the perfect-prognosis approach, allowing us to quantify inter-model uncertainty in climate change signals. The results are compared with those corresponding to an EUR-44 ensemble of regional climate models (RCMs) showing that DeepESD reduces distributional biases in the historical period. Moreover, the resulting climate change signals are broadly comparable to those obtained with the RCMs, with similar spatial structures. As for the uncertainty of the climate change signal (measured on the basis of inter-model spread), DeepESD preserves the uncertainty for temperature and results in a reduced uncertainty for precipitation. To facilitate further studies of this downscaling approach, we follow FAIR principles and make publicly available the code (a Jupyter notebook) and the DeepESD dataset. In particular, DeepESD is published at the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF), as the first continental-wide PP dataset contributing to CORDEX (EUR-44).
Improving the representation of shallow cumulus convection with the Simplified Higher-Order Closure Mass-Flux (SHOC+MF v1.0) approach
Authors: Chinita Maria J. , Witte Mikael , Kurowski Marcin J. , Teixeira Joao , Suselj Kay , Matheou Georgios , Bogenschutz Peter
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Parameterized boundary layer turbulence and moist convection remain some of the largest sources of uncertainty in general circulation models. High-resolution climate modeling aims to reduce that uncertainty by explicitly attempting to resolve deep moist convective motions. An example of such a model is the Simple Cloud-Resolving E3SM Atmosphere Model (SCREAM) with a target global resolution of 3.25 km, allowing for a more accurate representation of complex mesoscale deep convective dynamics. Yet, small-scale planetary boundary layer turbulence and shallow convection still need to be parameterized, which in SCREAM is accomplished through the TKE-based Simplified Higher-Order Closure (SHOC)—a simplified version of the assumed doubled-Gaussian PDF higher-order closure method. In this paper, we implement a stochastic multiplume Mass-Flux (MF) parameterization of dry and shallow convection in SCREAM to go beyond the limitations of double-Gaussian PDF closures and couple it to SHOC (SHOC+MF). The new parameterization implemented in a single-column model type version of SCREAM produces results for two shallow cumulus convection cases (marine and continental shallow convection) that agree well with the reference large-eddy simulation data, thus improving the general representation of the thermodynamic quantities and their turbulent fluxes as well as cloud macrophysics in the model. Furthermore, SHOC+MF parameterization shows weak sensitivity to the vertical grid resolution and model time step.
Long-term evaluation of surface air pollution in CAMSRA and MERRA-2 global reanalyses over Europe (2003–2020)
Authors: Lacima Aleks , Petetin Hervé , Soret Albert , Bowdalo Dene , Jorba Oriol , Chen Zhaoyue , Méndez Turrubiates Raul F. , Achebak Hicham , Ballester Joan , Pérez García-Pando Carlos
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Over the last century, our societies have experienced a sharp increase in urban population and fossil-fueled transportation, turning air pollution into one of the most critical issues of our time. It is therefore fundamental to accurately characterize the spatiotemporal variability of surface air pollution, in order to understand its effects upon human health and the environment, knowledge that can then be used to design effective pollution reduction policies. Global atmospheric composition reanalyses offer great capabilities towards this characterization through assimilation of satellite measurements. However, they do not integrate surface measurements and thus remain affected by significant biases at ground-level. In this study, we thoroughly evaluate two global atmospheric composition reanalyses, CAMSRA and MERRA-2, between 2003 and 2020, against independent surface measurements of O3, NO2, CO, SO2, PM10 and PM2.5 over the European continent. Overall, both reanalyses present significant and persistent biases for almost all examined pollutants. CAMSRA clearly outperforms MERRA-2 in capturing the spatiotemporal variability of O3, CO, PM10 and PM2.5 surface concentrations. Despite its higher spatial resolution and focus on aerosol representation, MERRA-2 only performs better than CAMSRA for SO2. CAMSRA also outperforms MERRA-2 in capturing the annual trends found in all pollutants. Both reanalyses show a better performance in summer (JJA), in terms of biases and errors, than in winter (DJF), when pollutant concentrations peak, with the exception of O3. Higher correlations are not necessarily found in JJA, particularly for reactive gases, which show greater correlation values in autumn (SON) and winter. Compared to MERRA-2, CAMSRA assimilates a wider range of satellite products which, while enhancing the performance of the reanalysis in the troposphere (as shown by other studies), has a limited impact on the surface. The biases found in both reanalyses are likely explained by a combination of factors, including errors in emission inventories and/or sinks, a lack of surface data assimilation and their relatively coarse resolution. Our results highlight the current limitations of reanalyses to represent surface pollution, which limits their applicability for health and environmental impact studies. When applied to reanalysis data, bias-correction methodologies based on surface observations should help constraining the spatiotemporal variability of surface pollution and its associated impacts.
Terrain visibility impact on the preparation of landslide inventories: a practical example in Darjeeling district (India)
Authors: Bornaetxea Txomin , Marchesini Ivan , Kumar Sumit , Karmakar Rabisankar , Mondini Alessandro
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Landslide inventories are used for multiple purposes including
landscape characterisation and monitoring, and landslide susceptibility,
hazard and risk evaluation. Their quality and completeness can depend on the
data and the methods with which they were produced. In this work we evaluate
the effects of a variable visibility of the territory to map on the spatial
distribution of the information collected in different landslide inventories
prepared using different approaches in a study area. The method first classifies the territory in areas with different visibility
levels from the paths (roads) used to map landslides and then estimates the
landslide density reported in the inventories into the different visibility
classes. Our results show that (1) the density of the information is strongly related
to the visibility in inventories obtained through fieldwork, technical
reports and/or newspapers, where landslides are under-sampled in low-visibility areas; and (2) the inventories obtained by photo interpretation of
images suffer from a marked under-representation of small landslides close
to roads or infrastructures. We maintain that the proposed procedure can be
useful to evaluate the quality and completeness of landslide inventories and
then properly orient their use.
An examination of tax-deductible donations made by Australian taxpayers in 2019-20 : ACPNS Working Paper no. 75
Authors: McGregor-Lowndes Myles , Balczun Marie , Williamson Alexandra
Published: September 2022

This study uses information from published Australian Taxation Office (ATO) data and represents the extent and characteristics of tax-deductible donations made and claimed by Australian taxpayers to Deductible Gift Recipients (DGRs) at Item D9 Gifts or Donations in their individual income tax returns for the 2019-20 income year. The total amount donated and claimed as tax deductible donations in 2019-20 was $3.85 billion. This constitutes a decrease of 2.11 per cent or $83 million from the previous income year. The average tax-deductible donation made to DGRs and claimed by Australian taxpayers in 2019-20 was $886.75 (compared to $933.20 in the previous income year).
On the Representation of Non-Holonomic Power Series
Authors: Teguia Tabuguia Bertrand , Koepf Wolfram
Published: September 2022

Holonomic functions play an essential role in Computer Algebra since they allow the application of many symbolic algorithms. Among all algorithmic attempts to find formulas for power series, the holonomic property remains the most important requirement to be satisfied by the function under consideration. The targeted functions mainly summarize that of meromorphic functions. However, expressions like tan(z), z/(exp(z)-1), sec(z), etc. are not holonomic, therefore their power series are inaccessible by non-pattern matching implementations like the current Maple convert/FormalPowerSeries up to Maple 2021. From the mathematical dictionaries, one can observe that most of the known closed-form formulas of non-holonomic power series involve another sequence whose evaluation depends on some finite summations. In the case of tan(z) and sec(z) the corresponding sequences are the Bernoulli and Euler numbers, respectively. Thus providing a symbolic approach that yields complete representations when linear summations for power series coefficients of non-holonomic functions appear, might be seen as a step forward towards the representation of non-holonomic power series.

By adapting the method of ansatz with undetermined coefficients, we build an algorithm that computes least-order quadratic differential equations with polynomial coefficients for a large class of non-holonomic functions. A differential equation resulting from this procedure is converted into a recurrence equation by applying the Cauchy product formula and rewriting powers into polynomials and derivatives into shifts. Finally, using enough initial values we are able to give normal form representations (Geddes et al. 1992) to characterize several non-holonomic power series. As a consequence of the defined normal relation, it turns out that our algorithm is able to detect identities between non-holonomic functions that were not accessible in the past. We discuss this algorithm and its implementation for Maple 2022.

Our Maple and Maxima implementations are available under the FPS software which can be downloaded at http://www.mathematik.uni-kassel.de/~bteguia/FPS_webpage/FPS.htm.
The art of algorithmic guessing in gfun
Authors: Yurkevich Sergey
Published: September 2022

The technique of guessing can be very fruitful when dealing with sequences which arise in practice. This holds true especially when guessing is performed algorithmically and efficiently. The ideal tool for it exists as a package named gfun in the software Maple. In this text we explore and explain some of gfun's possibilities and illustrate them on two examples from recent mathematical research by the author and his collaborators.
Endogenous Demand for Money and Default of a Creditor
Authors: Levando Dmitry , Sakharov Maxim , Zaytsev Daniil
Published: September 2022

We study a general equilibrium model of perfect competition with production and endogenous demand for fiat (or non-consumable) money (Shubik-Wilson, 1977), with workers, entrepreneurs, and a bank. Workers supply labor (Beker, 1971) and consume, entrepreneurs consume and organize production. There is no barter, and both agent types borrow money from a bank. The bank motivates borrowers to pay loans back with a punishment, which has an impact on demands for credits before a trade. The model has three markets: labor, goods, and credits. We study the results of the credit market with a numerical simulation in Maple. The model has 4 regimes, one of which corresponds to the classical money theory. Three other regimes have defaults as parts of an equilibrium.  The special feature of our model is that   it allows to study interactions of real (production and demand/supply of labor) markets with a nominal (credit) market, but also it can produce cases, when a value of default of borrowers exceeds total money supply from the bank, what become a reason for insolvency of the bank.
A Maple implementation of a modular algorithm for computing the common zeros of a polynomial and a regular chain
Authors: Gonzalez Trochez Juan Pablo , Calder Matt , Moreno Maza Marc , Postma Erik
Published: September 2022

One of the core commands in the RegularChains library isTriangularize. The underlying decomposes the solution set of anpolynomial system into geometrically meaningful components representedby regular chains.  This algorithm works by repeatedly calling aprocedure, called Intersect, which computes the common zeros of apolynomial p and a regular chain T.As the number of variables of p and T, as well as their degrees,increase, the call Intersect(p, T) becomes more and morecomputationally expensive. It was observed in (C. Chen an M. MorenoMaza, JSC 2012) that when the input polynomial system iszero-dimensional and T is one-dimensional then this cost can besubstantially reduced. The method proposed by the authors is aprobabilistic algorithm based on evaluation and interpolationtechniques. This is the type of method which is typically challengingto implement in a high-level language like Maple's language, as asharp control of computing resources (in particular memory) is needed.In this paper, we report on a successful Maple implementation of thisalgorithm.  We take advantage of Maple's modp1 function which offersfast arithmetic for univariate polynomials over a prime field.The method avoids unlucky specialization and the probabilistic aspectonly comes from the fact that non-generic solutions are notcomputed.
Substituting Units into Multivariate Power Series
Authors: Postma Erik , Moreno Maza Marc
Published: September 2022

Substituting non-unit formal power series into formal power series is a well-understood concept. This article describes a sense in which one can define substitution of unit formal power series, implemented in Maple’s MultivariatePowerSeries package.
Proceedings of the Maple Conference 2021
Authors: Chin Paulina , Corless Robert
Published: September 2022

The Maple Conference took place in November 2021, online.  We describe the contents of this issue of Maple Transactions, which serves as the Proceedings for that conference.
Batılı Kadın Seyyahların Anlatımlarında Haremde Doğum Kutlamaları
Authors: AĞIRBAŞ Seda
Published: September 2022

Turkey has been the starting point of travels to the East in the 19th century, as in previous centuries. The improvement of travel conditions, the development of railways and steamships, the publication of guidebooks for travelers going to the East and the Ottoman Empire, revived the travel literature and allowed many travelogues to be written. It is known that a small number of women, such as Lady Montagu and Elizabeth Craven, who could travel with the opportunities of the upper class in the previous century, came to Ottoman lands with official relations. In the 19th century, it was seen that women from the middle-lower class traveled, and information about the Ottoman harem was obtained through the travel books they wrote. In this study, birth rituals, which are a part of the social life of women, will be included in the eyes of Western female travelers who were able to enter the harem. Most of the Western travelers observed the customs and traditions of Ottoman women such as engagement, marriage, birth, hosting guests. In the life of Ottoman women, we witness that after marriage, birth is traditionally celebrated with a ceremony such as weddings and holidays. Each of these traditions has its customs and procedures. It is a common custom, especially among wealthy Turkish women, to receive guests until midnight for seven days from the birth of the first son. This tradition is practiced in a much more ostentatious way among members of the dynasty. Having a child, which strengthens family ties in Turkish society, has enabled marriage to be seen as one of the means of legitimacy as a requirement of the religion of Islam. Since children are given special importance in Turkish society, married couples are often expected to have children. As an inevitable result of this expectation, the birth of the child was given importance in the society in general, and the births of the children were celebrated with demonstrations. In addition to Ottoman archives and records, this issue was mentioned in Surnames and manuscripts with miniatures, and it found its place in the narratives of female travelers in travel books that constitute the majority of our research. Thus, the fact that female travelers who came to the capital of the empire included birth celebrations in the harem contributed to the promotion of this tradition. Keywords: Travelogue, Harem, Birth rituels.
Components of effective manufacturing and their role in promoting accelerated supply chains An exploratory study of the opinions of a sample of administrative leaders in the General Company for the manufacture of ready-made garments in Mosul
Authors: Bedawd Ibtisam I. H.
Published: September 2022

The research looks forward to testing the relationship of correlation and influence between the components of effective manufacturing and their role in promoting the accelerated supply chains in the State Company for the manufacture of ready-made garments in Mosul, and to clarify the relationships between the two variables, a research scheme has been designed showing the components of effective manufacturing as the independent variable and the extent of their connection and impact with the accelerated supply chains as the variable The approved and this was clarified by the research hypotheses, and the questionnaire was adopted as a main tool for collecting data related to the research variables, and (50) forms were distributed to laboratory managers, department managers, people and their assistants, and (44) forms were retrieved That is, the response rate was (88%), and many statistical methods were also used, as well as the statistical program (spss) to analyze the data. 0.05), which indicates the extent of the company's interest in efficient manufacturing and accelerated supply chains, and in light of the conclusions, the researcher presented a set of proposals that could enrich the surveyed company with useful information.
Effect of soaking seeds with pyridoxine on grain yield and its components for four oats Avena sativa L.
Authors: Alzrgani M. S. M.
Published: September 2022

The field experiment was carried out at a farm located in Al- Bathaa region west province of Dhi Qar during two winter seasons 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 .The experiment was designed to study the effect of soaking seeds with pyridoxine on some characteristics of yield for four varieties of Oat. The experiment was layout using R.C.B.D. arranged in split – plot with three replications. Varieties (Shifaa , Carrolup , Genzania and Alguda ) were using as a main plots, while pyridoxine concentration ( 0 , 1.5 , 3.0 and 4.5 ) gm L-1 were using as a sub-plots. In experiment the following traits were studied :- Number panicles m-2 , Number of grains panicle -1 , 1000 grain weight , Grain yield , Biological yield and harvest index.The data obtained from the experiment were analyzed according to analysis of variance methods. Means were compared using L.S.D. test at 5 % level and the results could be summarized as follows :- In both seasons soaking with pyridoxine at concentration at 4.5 gm L-1 gave significantly highest number of panicles m-2 number of grains panicle -1 , 1000 seed weight , grains yield, biological yield and harvest index. This increment in yield components reflect positively on grains yield per unit area, since in first season it produced 11.24 ton.ha-1 and in second season 13.08 ton.ha-1 .There was positive and significant linear relationship between increment in pyridoxine concentration and grain yield in first and second season since seeds soaking at concentration ( 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 ) gm L-1 resulted in increment in grains yield amounted to ( 8.7 % , 12.5 % , 24.5 % ) and (11.7 % , 23.3 % , 27.2 % ) compare with control treatment respectively. There were significant interaction between varieties and pyridoxine concentration in all growth traits, grain yield components and grain yield. Since variety Genzania gave highest grain yield in first season amounted to 12.14 ton. ha-1 when it's soaked with high concentration of pyridoxine while in second variety Shifaa gave highest grain yield amounted to 16.03 ton. ha-1 when it also soaked with high concentration of pyridoxine .
استخالص زيت بحور الخمان ودراسة قابميتة التثبيطية عمى بعض انواع االحياء المجهخية وتأثيخ اضافتة عمى القابمية الخدنية لمنتج اليوغخت
Authors: الباقري افراح حسن علي
Published: September 2022

هدفت الدراسة الى استخلاص الزيت من بذور الرمان وبالطريقة الباردة ودراسة التأثيرالتثبيطي للزيت المستخلص على بعض انواع الأحياء المجهرية ( بكتريا وأعفان) , ومن ثم دراسة تأثير اضافة الزيت وبنسب مختلفة ( 0 ,0.3 , 0.5) % على القابلية الخزنية لمنتج اليوغرت وذلك بخزن اليوغرت على درجة حرارة 4م0 ولمدة 20 يوم , اذ اجريت الفحوصات البكتريولوجية ( العدد الكلي للبكتريا , بكتريا القولون, البكتريا المحبة للبرودة, والخمائر والاعفان) على عينات اليوغرت خلال فترات خزن مختلفة (0, 10, 20) يوما ومقارنتها بعينة السيطرة. اشارت نتائج الدراسة الى عدم وجود اي تأثير للزيت على بكتريا Lactobacillus acidophilus بينما كان هناك تاثيرا جيدا على كل من بكتريا Pseudomonas aeruginosa و . Citrobacter freundiiاما تأثير الزيت على الاعفان فأشارت الدراسة الى وجود تأثيرا واضحا على كل من( Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis ) . كما بينت نتائج اضافة الزيت الى منتج اليوغرت الى عدم وجود اي نموات لبكتريا القولون والخمائر والاعفان في الايام (0 و 10) يوم من الخزن المبرد بينما ظهرت النموات في اليوم 20 من الخزن المبرد حيث انخفضت الاعداد بزيادة نسبة اضافة الزيت الى اليوغرت. اما نتائج البكتريا المحبة للبرودة فاشارت النتائج الى وجود انخفاض في اعداد البكتريا المحبة للبرودة بزيادة نسبة اضافة الزيت وبتقدم مدة الخزن المبرد مقارنة بعينة السيطرة والتي اشارت الى استمرار الزيادة في الاعداد الكلية للبكتريا بتقدم الخزن. كما اوضحت نتائج العدد الكلي للبكتريا الى زيادة الاعداد بتقدم مدة الخزن وكانت هذه الزيادة اعلى في عينات اليوغرت المضاف اليها زيت بذور الرمان. اما نتائج التقويم الحسي فلم يؤثر اضافة الزيت على الصفات الحسية لليوغرت.
Measuring The Degree Of Risk For Fish Farming Projects In Fish Ponds And Floating Cages In Iraq (A Case Study In Diyala Governorate (
Authors: Alobaidy E . A. , Jbara O. K.
Published: September 2022

The research aimed to measure the degree of risk for fish farms projects in fish ponds and floating cages in Diyala governorate, and adopted the method of break-even analysis to measure the productive and price risk, and use of the criterion of the difference coefficient for the return on investment to measure the investment risk, Diyala province was chosen as an application model and the field data collected according to the random sample method, which included 30% of the total fish farm projects in the governorate, as the sample included 28% of the total fish ponds projects in earthen ponds and 31.5% of the total fish ponds projects in floating cages based on a questionnaire form prepared for this purpose, and for the purposes of accuracy in measuring risk The sample was divided according to the size of production capacities into small production capacities and large production capacities for fish farms projects in fish ponds and in floating cages, and in light of studying the risk criteria for projects for the research sample, it was reached using the criterion of difference coefficient of the return on investment for the studied projects. The degree of productive, price and investment risk is high in floating cages compared to earthen ponds because they achieve higher economic returns than those achieved by fish ponds. As for the degree of risk of fish farming projects in both types of culture according to the size of production capacities, it has been shown in light of the above-mentioned criteria that the degree of risk Productivity and price increased with small production capacities, but decreased in large production capacities for both types of fish farms (fish ponds, floating cages).
The effect of using modern technological packages on the productivity and profitability of wheat farms in Iraq.
Authors: Al-Husseini Taleb Ali Gawad , Kadhim Osamah , Al-Ukeili Jbara
Published: September 2022

The study was conducted at the field of poultry at the Agricultural Advisory Office , College of Agriculture , University of Basra in (Karmat Ali), where the anaerobic digester of the fixed dome type bioreactor model was designed and installed on site to be exploited, Fresh poultry droppings as raw material for producing liquid organic manure through anaerobic fermentation and taking into account the qualitative characteristics of the maturation of the fermented materials inside the anaerobic digester during periods of Hydraulic Retention Time 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks The averages were compared using the averaged least significant difference (RLSD) at the 5% level.. And the results showed that the periods of Hydraulic Retention at 8 weeks is the period best which the fermented material is decomposed in anaerobic digestion. An organic manure with positive qualitative characteristics in terms of pH 7.02, electrical conductivity EC 17.43 dS m-1organic carbon 318.27 g kg-1 total (nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium) recorded 38.03, 13.70 and 25.25 g kg-1Straight, the ratio of organic carbon to total nitrogen was 8.37, the total solids was 6.80% and The chemical oxygen requirement (COD) 2150 mg L-1.
Effect of hydraulic retention time on some properties of liquid organic manure produced in locally originated anaerobic digester
Authors: عرنوص علي ماجد جابر
Published: September 2022

The study was conducted at the field of poultry at the Agricultural Advisory Office , College of Agriculture , University of Basra in (Karmat Ali), where the anaerobic digester of the fixed dome type bioreactor model was designed and installed on site to be exploited, Fresh poultry droppings as raw material for producing liquid organic manure through anaerobic fermentation and taking into account the qualitative characteristics of the maturation of the fermented materials inside the anaerobic digester during periods of Hydraulic Retention Time 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks The averages were compared using the averaged least significant difference (RLSD) at the 5% level.. And the results showed that the periods of Hydraulic Retention at 8 weeks is the period best which the fermented material is decomposed in anaerobic digestion. An organic manure with positive qualitative characteristics in terms of pH 7.02, electrical conductivity EC 17.43 dS m-1 organic carbon 318.27 g kg-1 total (nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium) recorded 38.03, 13.70 and 25.25 g kg-1 Straight, the ratio of organic carbon to total nitrogen was 8.37, the total solids was 6.80% and The chemical oxygen requirement (COD) 2150 mg L-1. Paper cited by a master's thesis of the first author
Study of Morphological and Diagnostic of Two Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Al-Muthanna Province
Authors: Al-Hussainawy Khalid J. , jabbar Ammar sattar , Ibrahim Mohamd Khalel , Jabbar A. Shamki
Published: September 2022

The study was conducted in Al-Muthanna Governorate during the year 2018 for the presence of two species of beetles belonging to the sacrabeidae family, namely Oryctes elegans (Prell, 1914) and Kheper aegyptiorum (Latreille, 1823), and the study also showed the presence of two species of beetles. Clear morphological differences between the parts of the two species in terms of body length and head composition, wings, legs and abdomen.