bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DA PALAVRA À PERFORMANCE: MEMÓRIA E FICÇÃO NO TRAP
Authors: Moraes Jorge Adrihan Nascimento
Published: May 2023

O artigo objetivou analisar as configurações do Trap no Brasil sob o viés da construção da memória e da ficção nas produções desse gênero musical. Diante disso, a pesquisa emerge da seguinte problemática: de que forma o Trap apresenta reconfigurações da arte periférica, a partir da construção memorialística e ficcional?  Para tal, de início discute o que é ser da periferia e arte periférica, tomando como ponto de partida o gênero musical em análise. Logo após, aborda a memória nas produções de Trap enquanto fator de identidade, de tomada de espaços e de continuidade da vida. Por fim, analisa-se o ato ficcional presente em diferentes produções artísticas de Trap. Logo, constituiu-se em um estudo bibliográfico, de cunho qualitativo e exploratório quanto aos objetivos. A partir da investigação, compreendeu-se a formação do Trap no Brasil e sua apresentação de uma nova enunciação do povo preto, não mais em posição marginalizada e de opressão, mas ostentando os espaços e objetos que anteriormente lhes foram negados.
Questão racial e formação profissional em serviço social na era neoliberal: desafios internos e externos à categoria
Authors: Mascarenhas Naiara Cardoso dos Santos
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal apontar novos rumos para formação profissional que possibilite o debate racial em todos os espaços assumidos pela categoria: atuação direta nas políticas sociais e nas instâncias organizativas da profissão, bem como no meio acadêmico por meio da pesquisa, ensino e extensão. A revisão literária que sustentou as discussões ora traçadas aponta para a urgência da incorporação do debate racial no âmbito do Serviço Social de forma mais profunda e permanente. Esse desafio se integra ao desafio maior, o de defender a hegemonia do atual projeto ético-político profissional baseado na teoria crítica, e também na necessidade histórica da construção de resistências sociais organizadas que apontem para a superação da sociedade de classes e da discriminação racial. Conclui-se, portanto, a partir do entendimento da imprescindibilidade do debate racial para a apreensão da totalidade histórica da realidade brasileira, a necessária incorporação de conteúdos e discussões que remetam a problemática do racismo, contribuindo, dessa forma, com a construção de uma formação profissional antirracista e verdadeiramente comprometida com a transformação social. Palavras-chave: Projeto Ético-Político; formação profissional; questão racial, racismo.
Use of Autogenous Tricorticocancellous Iliac Crest Graft for Large Hill–Sachs Lesion Associated with Anterior Glenohumeral Dislocation: A Case Report
Authors: Pinto Gonçalo Vaz , Magalhães Tiago Bessa , Andrês Paulo Miguel Rodrigues , Gomes Diogo Silva
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Although Hill–Sachs lesions are frequently associated with recurrent anterior glenohumeral dislocation, understanding of biomechanics and the importance of having an engaging or non-engaging lesion has only been recently studied at more depth. It is now widely accepted that engaging lesions benefit from surgery due to the high risk of symptom recurrence if left untreated. Techniques that have been described include capsular shift procedures, rotational osteotomies of the humeral head, or even femoral or humeral head allografts. The authors describe an alternative treatment which involves autogenous tricorticocancellous iliac crest graft to treat the bony defect in a patient with recurrent anterior glenohumeral dislocation and a large, engaging Hill–Sachs lesion. Case Report: A 33-year-old male with clinical history of two anterior-inferior dislocations of the left shoulder presented with chronic instability and a large Hill–Sachs defect (about 30% of the humeral head) with an anterior labrum lesion but no glenoid bony lesion. The defect was treated with a tailored autogenous tricorticocancellous iliac crest graft and fixed with headless compression screws. The patient returned to every-day activities at 5 months postoperatively and has a complete range of motion no complications were observed. Conclusion: This appears to be a safe and painless technique with excellent functional results, that should, however, be validated in the future with prospective randomized controlled trials. Keywords: Hill–Sachs, autogenous, graft, glenohumeral dislocation
Six-Week Old Neglected Homolateral Lisfranc Injury – A Case Report
Authors: Amirthalingam Sivabalaganesh , Suriyakumar Sundar , Harshavardhan J K Giriraj
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Lisfranc injury is relatively rare and is commonly missed at the initial presentation as these injuries are easily misdiagnosed as a foot sprain. We report a case of chronic foot pain following an injury which was later diagnosed to be a neglected 6 weeks old complex Lisfranc fracture dislocation. Case Report: A 53-year-old man presented with chronic foot pain and swelling which was diagnosed to be a neglected 6-week-old homolateral type of Lisfranc injury (type A Hard castle and Meyerson). We treated him with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with plates and screws and achieved excellent functional outcome at 6-month follow-up period. Discussion: Lisfranc injuries are frequently undetected with estimates ranging from 20% to 80%. Anteroposterior, lateral, and medial oblique views of the foot should be included in the radiological workup following a thorough physical examination. Our case will aid the deficient literature and guide the young surgeons in management of such cases. Conclusion: Given the history and nature of the injury, it can be easily missed by a beginner and the clinician must keep a high index of suspicion when treating these injuries in emergency department. To prevent the many complications linked to this kind of injury, it requires a correct diagnosis and timely treatment in the form of closed/open reduction and fixation. Delayed presentation of such cases can be treated with ORIF and good functional outcome can be achieved. Keywords: Neglected Lisfranc injury, chronic foot pain, type a hard castle, homolateral neglected Lisfranc.
Developmental needs of adolescents in the online lifeworld in the context of youth work
Authors: Todorović Dejan , Sieckelinck Stijn , Manders Willeke , van der Linden Josje , Timmerman Margaretha Christina
Published: May 2023

The online lifeworld gives adolescents various opportunities to meet their developmental needs. Not all young people benefit from these opportunities. They encounter negative experiences, have difficulties fulfilling their needs and engage in risky and harmful behaviours in the online lifeworld. This poses challenges for Dutch youth work professionals, as little is known about the digital lives of Dutch adolescents and the challenges they encounter when meeting their developmental needs in the online lifeworld. In this qualitative study, a photovoice method was used to collect screenshots from adolescents (N = 175) concerning their experiences and needs in the online lifeworld. Six types of developmental needs in the online lifeworld were distinguished. The article concludes that understanding how adolescents use online affordances to fulfil their developmental needs is a starting point for all youth work professionals in providing adequate support to adolescents in the online lifeworld.
“She should support me, she's my doctor:” Patient perceptions of agency in contraceptive decision‐making in the clinical encounter in Northern California
Authors: Rao Lavanya , Rocca Corinne H. , Muñoz Isabel , Chambers Brittany D. , Devaskar Sangita , Asiodu Ifeyinwa V. , Stern Lisa , Blum Maya , Comfort Alison B. , Harper Cynthia C.
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Agency in contraceptive decision‐making is an essential aspect of reproductive autonomy. We conducted qualitative research to investigate what agency means to patients seeking contraceptive care to inform the development of a validated measure of this construct.

Methodology

We held four focus group discussions and seven interviews with sexually‐active individuals assigned female at birth, ages 16–29 years, recruited from reproductive health clinics in Northern California. We explored experiences in contraceptive decision‐making during the clinic visit. We coded data in ATLAS.ti and by hand, compared codes across three coders, and used thematic analysis to identify salient themes.

Results

The sample mean age was 21 years, with 17% of participants identifying as Asian, 23% as Black, 27% as Latinx, 17% as Multiracial/other, and 27% as white. Overall, participants reported active and engaged decision‐making in their recent contraceptive visit but noted experiences that had undermined their agency in the past. They described how non‐judgmental care allowed them to communicate openly, affirming their ability to make their own decisions. However, several mentioned how unexpected contraceptive side effects after the visit had reduced their sense of agency over their decision in retrospect. Several participants, including those who identified as Black, Latinx, and/or Asian, described prior experiences where pressure to use a contraceptive method had undermined their agency and where they had switched providers to regain agency over their contraceptive decisions.

Discussion

Most participants were aware of their agency during contraceptive visits and how it varied in different experiences with providers and the healthcare system. Patient perspectives can help to inform measurement development and ultimately the delivery of care that supports contraceptive agency.
Indoor receiving signal strength based visible light positioning enabled with equivalent virtual lamps
Authors: Sun Wenjing , Chen Jian , Yu Changyuan
Published: May 2023

Visible light positioning (VLP) has become one of the most potent alternative methods in indoor positioning scenarios. However, the system performance of VLP is largely related to the characteristics of the wireless optical channel. Limited access resulting from shadowing, obstacles, and multipath propagation between transmitters and photodetectors might lead to positioning failure. In this paper, we propose a mirror-assisted VLP method based on the received signal strength algorithm. By introducing specular reflection into the system model, multipath propagation can be effectively alleviated, making it possible to implement VLP with limited accessibility of LEDs. Simulation results show that the proposed approach, based on the assumption of equivalent virtual lamps, can mitigate the non-line-of-sight interference in a classical four-lamp room. Average positioning performance improves by 25% with the assistance of a mirror. In addition, trilateration positioning can be realized when only two light-emitting diodes are available in the target room. The positioning accuracy of the two-LED VLP can reach ∼30cm under scenarios considering non-line-of-sight reflections.
Baseline correction for Raman spectra using a spectral estimation-based asymmetrically reweighted penalized least squares method
Authors: Guo Yixin , Jin Weiqi , Wang Weilin , He Yuqing , Qiu Su
Published: May 2023

Baseline correction is necessary for the qualitative and quantitative
analysis of samples because of the existence of background
fluorescence interference in Raman spectra. The asymmetric least
squares (ALS) method is an adaptive and automated algorithm that
avoids peak detection operations along with other user interactions.
However, current ALS-based improved algorithms only consider the
smoothness configuration of regions where the signals are greater than
the fitted baseline, which results in smoothing distortion. In this
paper, an asymmetrically reweighted penalized least squares method
based on spectral estimation (SEALS) is proposed. SEALS considers not
only the uniform distribution of additive noise along the baseline but
also the energy distribution of the signal above and below the fitted
baseline. The energy distribution is estimated using inverse Fourier
and autoregressive models to create a spectral estimation kernel. This
kernel effectively optimizes and balances the asymmetric weight
assigned to each data point. By doing so, it resolves the issue of
local oversmoothing that is typically encountered in the
asymmetrically reweighted penalized least squares method. This
oversmoothing problem can negatively impact the iteration depth and
accuracy of baseline fitting. In comparative experiments on simulated
spectra, SEALS demonstrated a better baseline fitting performance
compared to several other advanced baseline correction methods, both
under moderate and strong fluorescence backgrounds. It has also been
proven to be highly resistant to noise interference. When applied to
real Raman spectra, the algorithm correctly restored the weak peaks
and removed the fluorescence peaks, demonstrating the effectiveness of
this method. The computation time of the proposed method was
approximately 0.05 s, which satisfies the real-time baseline
correction requirements of practical spectroscopy acquisition.
Geometrically accurate real-time volumetric visualization of the middle ear using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Farrell Joshua D. , Wang Junzhe , MacDougall Dan , Yang Xiaojie , Brewer Kimberly , Couvreur Floor , Shoman Nael , Morris David P , Adamson Robert B. A.
Published: May 2023

We introduce a novel system for geometrically accurate, continuous, live, volumetric middle ear optical coherence tomography imaging over a 10.9mm×30∘×30∘ field of view (FOV) from a handheld imaging probe. The system employs a discretized spiral scanning (DC-SC) pattern to rapidly collect volumetric data and applies real-time scan conversion and lateral angular distortion correction to reduce geometric inaccuracies to below the system’s lateral resolution over 92% of the FOV. We validate the geometric accuracy of the resulting images through comparison with co-registered micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) volumes of a phantom target and a cadaveric middle ear. The system’s real-time volumetric imaging capabilities are assessed by imaging the ear of a healthy subject while performing dynamic pressurization of the middle ear in a Valsalva maneuver.
Theoretical model for en face optical coherence tomography imaging and its application to volumetric differential contrast imaging
Authors: Tomita Kiriko , Makita Shuichi , Fukutake Naoki , Morishita Rion , Abd El-Sadek Ibrahim , Mukherjee Pradipta , Lichtenegger Antonia , Tamaoki Junya , Bian Lixuan , Kobayashi Makoto , Mori Tomoko , Matsusaka Satoshi , Yasuno Yoshiaki
Published: May 2023

A new formulation of the lateral imaging process of point-scanning optical coherence tomography (OCT) and a new differential contrast method designed by using this formulation are presented. The formulation is based on a mathematical sample model called the dispersed scatterer model (DSM), in which the sample is represented as a material with a spatially slowly varying refractive index and randomly distributed scatterers embedded in the material. It is shown that the formulation represents a meaningful OCT image and speckle as two independent mathematical quantities. The new differential contrast method is based on complex signal processing of OCT images, and the physical and numerical imaging processes of this method are jointly formulated using the same theoretical strategy as in the case of OCT. The formula shows that the method provides a spatially differential image of the sample structure. This differential imaging method is validated by measuring in vivo and in vitro samples.
Long-period gratings for monitoring the resin transfer molding of fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Allsop T. , Tahir M. W. , Bhavasar K. , Zhang L. , Webb D. J.
Published: May 2023

The spectral characteristics of long-period gratings (LPGs) have been researched over the last two decades, and many sensing applications of LPGs have been proposed due to their spectral sensitivity to many surrounding environmental parameters such as the temperature, pressure, and refractive index. However, this sensitivity to many parameters can also be a curse due to cross-sensitivity and the inability to distinguish which environmental parameter is responsible for the LPG’s spectral behavior. For the application proposed here—monitoring the progress of a resin flow front, its velocity, and the permeability of the reinforcement mats during the infusion stage of resin transfer molding—the multi-sensitivity of LPGs is a distinct advantage, as it provides the ability to monitor the mold environment at various stages of manufacturing.
Accelerated fixed-point iterative reconstruction for fiber borescope imaging
Authors: Zhu Zheyuan , Saiham Dewan , Klein Andrew , Pang Shuo
Published: May 2023

Computational imaging systems with embedded processing have potential advantages in power consumption, computing speed, and cost. However, common processors for embedding systems have limited computing capacity with low level of parallelism. The widely used iterative algorithms for image reconstruction rely on floating-point processors to ensure calculation precision, which require more computing resources than fixed-point processors. Here we present a regularized Landweber fixed-point iterative solver for image reconstruction, implemented on a field programmable gated array (FPGA). Compared with floating-point embedded uniprocessors, iterative solvers implemented on the fixed-point FPGA gain 1 to 2 orders of magnitude acceleration, while achieving the same reconstruction accuracy in comparable number of effective iterations. Specifically, we have demonstrated the proposed fixed-point iterative solver in fiber borescope image reconstruction, successfully correcting the artifacts introduced by the lenses and fiber bundle.
Filter inference: A scalable nonlinear mixed effects inference approach for snapshot time series data
Authors: Augustin David , Lambert Ben , Wang Ken , Walz Antje-Christine , Robinson Martin , Gavaghan David
Published: May 2023

Variability is an intrinsic property of biological systems and is often at the heart of their complex behaviour. Examples range from cell-to-cell variability in cell signalling pathways to variability in the response to treatment across patients. A popular approach to model and understand this variability is nonlinear mixed effects (NLME) modelling. However, estimating the parameters of NLME models from measurements quickly becomes computationally expensive as the number of measured individuals grows, making NLME inference intractable for datasets with thousands of measured individuals. This shortcoming is particularly limiting for snapshot datasets, common e.g. in cell biology, where high-throughput measurement techniques provide large numbers of single cell measurements. We introduce a novel approach for the estimation of NLME model parameters from snapshot measurements, which we call filter inference. Filter inference uses measurements of simulated individuals to define an approximate likelihood for the model parameters, avoiding the computational limitations of traditional NLME inference approaches and making efficient inferences from snapshot measurements possible. Filter inference also scales well with the number of model parameters, using state-of-the-art gradient-based MCMC algorithms such as the No-U-Turn Sampler (NUTS). We demonstrate the properties of filter inference using examples from early cancer growth modelling and from epidermal growth factor signalling pathway modelling.
Arabidopsis FIN219/JAR1 interacts with phytochrome A under far-red light and jasmonates in regulating hypocotyl elongation via a functional demand manner
Authors: Jiang Han-Wei , Peng Kai-Chun , Hsu Ting-Yu , Chiou Yen-Chang , Hsieh Hsu-Liang
Published: May 2023

Integration of light and phytohormones is essential for plant growth and development. FAR-RED INSENSITIVE 219 (FIN219)/JASMONATE RESISTANT 1 (JAR1) participates in phytochrome A (phyA)-mediated far-red (FR) light signaling in Arabidopsis and is a jasmonate (JA)-conjugating enzyme for the generation of an active JA-isoleucine. Accumulating evidence indicates that FR and JA signaling integrate with each other. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their interaction remain largely unknown. Here, the phyA mutant was hypersensitive to JA. The double mutant fin219-2phyA-211 showed a synergistic effect on seedling development under FR light. Further evidence revealed that FIN219 and phyA antagonized with each other in a mutually functional demand to modulate hypocotyl elongation and expression of light- and JA-responsive genes. Moreover, FIN219 interacted with phyA under prolonged FR light, and MeJA could enhance their interaction with CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) in the dark and FR light. FIN219 and phyA interaction occurred mainly in the cytoplasm, and they regulated their mutual subcellular localization under FR light. Surprisingly, the fin219-2 mutant abolished the formation of phyA nuclear bodies under FR light. Overall, these data identified a vital mechanism of phyA–FIN219–COP1 association in response to FR light, and MeJA may allow the photoactivated phyA to trigger photomorphogenic responses.
Accompaniment on the edge: What can the US learn from Latin America about contested abortion care?
Authors: Calderón-Villarreal Alhelí , Carrasco Bianka Itzel Verduzco , Friedman Joseph , Schiavon Raffaela
Published: May 2023

The US has stood as a reference point for abortion rights in the Americas since 1973, however in 2022, the US Supreme Court revoked the constitutional right to abortion. Facing similar circumstances, a huge number of grass roots accompanist networks have arisen throughout Latin America. These collectives are typically organized loosely within state and national networks that provide training and medication/supplies and promote advocacy and the expansion of new collectives. Extensive evidence and lived experience support the safety and effectiveness of self-managed medication abortion. Much can be learned from the Latin American accompanist model in the modern struggle for reproductive justice in the US. Accompaniment networks in Mexico have provided transborder abortion services—via misoprostol delivery—to US-based women living in states that required long travel or high costs to access services. Now, these transborder services will take on a new level of significance. Guaranteeing safe and low-cost access to abortion services is a key tenet of reproductive justice. Instead of relying on the political process alone to eventually provide abortion access through legal channels, an accompanist model provides an icon of resistance to oppressive legal shifts, and directly provides services to women.
Screening of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using generative adversarial network (GAN) inversion method in chest radiographs
Authors: Lee Jun Soo , Shin Keewon , Ryu Seung Min , Jegal Seong Gyu , Lee Woojin , Yoon Min A. , Hong Gil-Sun , Paik Sanghyun , Kim Namkug
Published: May 2023

Objective

Conventional computer-aided diagnosis using convolutional neural networks (CNN) has limitations in detecting sensitive changes and determining accurate decision boundaries in spectral and structural diseases such as scoliosis. We devised a new method to detect and diagnose adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in chest X-rays (CXRs) employing the latent space’s discriminative ability in the generative adversarial network (GAN) and a simple multi-layer perceptron (MLP) to screen adolescent idiopathic scoliosis CXRs.

Materials and methods

Our model was trained and validated in a two-step manner. First, we trained a GAN using CXRs with various scoliosis severities and utilized the trained network as a feature extractor using the GAN inversion method. Second, we classified each vector from the latent space using a simple MLP.

Results

The 2-layer MLP exhibited the best classification in the ablation study. With this model, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curves were 0.850 in the internal and 0.847 in the external datasets. Furthermore, when the sensitivity was fixed at 0.9, the model’s specificity was 0.697 in the internal and 0.646 in the external datasets.

Conclusion

We developed a classifier for Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) through generative representation learning. Our model shows good AUROC under screening chest radiographs in both the internal and external datasets. Our model has learned the spectral severity of AIS, enabling it to generate normal images even when trained solely on scoliosis radiographs.
Notes marginals a El cançoner popular de Mallorca
Authors: Guiscafrè Jaume
Published: May 2023

En aquest treball s’analitzen i es contextualitzen les notes, les marques i les referències creuades que Rafel Ginard va deixar manuscrites en un exemplar del seu llibre El cançoner popular de Mallorca. Aquests epitextos de caràcter íntim ens ajuden a entendre quina percepció tenia l’autor sobre la seva obra i en certa manera posen l’èmfasi en algunes de les preocupacions fonamentals del folklorista mallorquí: el bon ús de la llengua i la depuració estilística, l’apreciació del folklore com a fenomen cultural i social i de la tasca científica dels folkloristes, la configuració de la poesia oral mallorquina i la voluntat de deixar testimoni del seu propi passat per mitjà de les memòries personals.
Using vignettes in qualitative research to assess young adults’ perspectives of sexting behaviours
Authors: Dodaj Arta , Sesar Kristina , Pérez Mónica Ojeda , Del Rey Rosario , Howard Dominika , Gerding Speno Ashton
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare attitudes toward sexting using vignettes. Participants were 49 university students (ages 19-26) who participated in five online focus group discussions and responded to five written vignettes describing sexting. The five vignettes about sexting were composed of five types of sexting experiences: 1) sexting under intimate partner pressure, 2) revenge sexting, 3) consensual sexting with intimate partner, 4) sexting under peer pressure, and 5) sexting to flirt with others. Students gave their opinions on the vignettes presented. Revenge sexting was perceived as a behaviour more negative than any other type of sexting experience. The vignette that depicted sexting with an intimate partner in a long-distance relationship was perceived as the least negative of all types of sexting. The results of this study aim to inspire future studies to use vignettes as a methodological tool to determine youths' attitudes, beliefs, and opinions about sexting.
The impact of artificial intelligence on consumer behaviour and changes in business activity due to pandemic effects
Authors: Dias Tiago , Gonçalves Rui , Lopes da Costa Renato , F. Pereira Leandro , Dias Álvaro
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the world economy, and the restrictions have shaken business models. E-commerce has skyrocketed as the only way to purchase products and AI has received closer consideration as social distancing has become imperative. This research aims to find whether the COVID-19 has translated into an opportunity for the use of AI by companies. A survey incorporating consumers and companies was conducted to analyse the positioning of consumers regarding the use of AI, as well as the perception of companies regarding their possible use of AI. It was concluded that due to COVID-19 there was an increase in the relevance that companies give to AI, the main drivers being the companies' views on AI and the benefits from its use. Regarding consumer behaviour, consumers are more receptive to AI use, favouring a fully automated experience, with half of the sample preferring to buy online.
The Effects of Nasocomial SARS-CoV-2 Infection after Elective Gastrointestinal Oncologic Procedures: Single Center 30-day Follow-up Results
Authors: Şenol Serdar , Kuşak Mustafa
Published: May 2023

Although there is extensive debate for the best treatment strategies, limited studies, which reflect the effects of postoperative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on mortality and hospital stay after elective gastrointestinal oncologic procedures were published. In order to contribute to the existing literature, a single-center, retrospective, cross-sectional study, including 301 patients who underwent elective gastrointestinal oncological procedures was planned. Patients’ data on sex, age, diagnosis, types of procedures, hospital stay, mortality, and SARS-CoV-2 preoperative screening tests were recorded. Four of them were postponed due to positive preoperative screening for SARS-CoV-2. 395 procedures were performed due to cancer originating from colon (105), rectum (91), stomach (74), periampullar region (16), distal pancreas (4), esophagus (3), retroperitoneum (2), ovary (2), endometrium (1), spleen (1) and small bowel (2). Laparoscopy was the approach of choice for 44 patients (14.7% vs. 85.3%). In the postoperative period, two patients were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and one of them died in the intensive care unit (n=1/2, 50% mortality). Two patients died due to surgical complications unrelated to SARS-CoV-2 (n=2/299, 0.67% mortality) (p<0.01). The mean hospital stay was longer in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (21.5 ± 9.1 – 8.2 ± 5.2 days, respectively, p<0.01). 298 patients were safely discharged (99%). During the pandemic elective gastrointestinal oncologic procedures may be safely performed; however, preoperative testing, precautions to minimize contamination should be performed strictly to reduce in-hospital infection rates, since the mortality rate due to SARS-CoV-2 in this setting is particularly high and hospital stay is also significantly increased.
Wealth Inequality and the Exploration of Novel Technologies
Authors: Spiganti Alessandro
Published: May 2023

I investigate whether wealth inequality hinders the discovery of novel technologies in a competitive screening model. Agents can engage in exploration, which may lead to the discovery of superior technologies, but it is likely to waste time with inferior ones. Talented agents are better at weeding out inferior technologies, but talent is unobservable by lenders. When agents are poor, this causes an adverse selection problem whereby exploration is pursued by untalented agents rather than by talented ones. As economies become wealthier, the misallocation problem of talented agents weakens. Higher inequality worsens this misallocation problem when the economy is wealthy, but can increase efficiency in poor economies.
Geodesic nets on non-compact Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Chambers Gregory R. , Liokumovich Yevgeny , Nabutovsky Alexander , Rotman Regina
Published: May 2023

A geodesic flower is a finite collection of geodesic loops based at the same point 𝑝 that satisfy the following balancing condition: the sum of all unit tangent vectors to all geodesic arcs meeting at 𝑝 is equal to the zero vector.
In particular, a geodesic flower is a stationary geodesic net.
We prove that, in every complete non-compact manifold with locally convex ends, there exists a non-trivial geodesic flower.
Experimental (FT‐Raman, FT‐IR and NMR) and theoretical (DFT) calculations, thermodynamic parameters, molecular docking and NLO (non-linear optical) properties of N‐(2,6‐dimethylphenyl)‐1‐piperazineacetamide
Authors: Teotia Jayant , Kumar Vikas , Annu  , Bhardwaj Shaleen , Rathi Isha
Published: May 2023

Theoretical and experimental studies are performed on the new organic–inorganic hybrid molecule N‐(2,6‐dimethylphenyl)‐1‐piperazineacetamide. The vibrational spectra of the molecule are characterized using FT‐IR and FT‐Raman in the range 4000–600 cm−1 and 4000–100 cm−1, respectively. Density functional theory with B3LYP/3‐21G and B3LYP/cc‐pVDZ basis sets is used to calculate energy, geometrical structure, and vibrational modes of stretching, bending, and torsion. The VEDA software Autodock Vina revealed a good binding is employed to calculate the detailed vibrational assignments. The theoretical and experimental vibrational data are compared to support the present study. Density functional theory is used to calculate thermodynamic parameters (heat capacity, entropy, and enthalpy) and nonlinear optical properties. The software Gaussian09W and Gaussview 6.0 are used for theoretical calculations. Molecular docking studies are carried out to investigate the effect of the titled molecule against various proteins such as SARS‐CoV‐2 that affect the immune system in humans. Chemical shifts are identified using carbon and proton NMR. Non‐covalent interactions are studied using a reduced density gradient. The chemical reactivity and selectivity for a local reactivity site are analyzed with the help of Fukui functions.
How did COVID-19 impact the use of Japanese complex words withmasuku‘mask’ in 2020?
Authors: Toratani Kiyoko
Published: May 2023

This paper examines how the situation caused by COVID-19 impacted the use of a well-entrenched word in Japanese:masuku‘mask’. An inspection of data gathered from an online newspaper shows a sharp increase in token and type frequency in the use of complex words withmasuku‘mask’ in 2020 (mid-pandemic) compared to 2019 (pre-pandemic), implying the recurrence and variegation of mask-related topics in the media. Focusing on the varied types of complex words containingmasuku‘mask’, the paper offers a construction morphology account of how they distribute within a network of words. The most dominant means to expand the network was compounding, creating not only hyponyms ofmasuku‘mask’ (i.e., usingmasukuas the head of the compound, as inago-masuku‘chin mask’) but also hyponyms of other well-entrenched words (i.e., usingmasukuas the non-head, as inmasuku-gimu‘mask obligation’). Beyond compounding, a playful use of language in blends led to the creation of a new path, albeit a small one. The paper argues the development of the word network involved both mundane and exceptional creativity.
Two stochastic algorithms for solving elastostatics problems governed by the Lamé equation
Authors: Kireeva Anastasiya , Aksyuk Ivan , Sabelfeld Karl K.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we construct stochastic simulation algorithms for solving an elastostatics problem governed by the Lamé equation.
Two different stochastic simulation methods are suggested: (1) a method based on a random walk on spheres, which is iteratively applied to anisotropic diffusion equations that are related through the mixed second-order derivatives (this method is meshless and can be applied to boundary value problems for complicated domains);
(2) a randomized algorithm for solving large systems of linear algebraic equations that is the core of this method.
It needs a mesh formation, but even for very fine grids, the algorithm shows a high efficiency.
Both methods are scalable and can be easily parallelized.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of an additively manufactured AlSi10Mg based alloy
Authors: Atar Buğrahan , Üyüklü Eren , Yayla Paşa
Published: May 2023

In this study, the mechanical properties, fractography, and microstructure relationship of AlSi10Mg produced by laser powder bed fusion were established. Laser powder bed fusion is an additive manufacturing method that is an innovative technique. Since additive manufacturing is a new technique, utilizing materials requires studies investigating mechanical properties, fractography, and microstructure. This is vital because these characteristics are used before choosing the materials to manufacture the desired parts. The tensile, the Charpy impact, the hardness, and the density tests were applied to identify the mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg specimens. After that, the fractographic features and microstructure of the material were observed via an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Finally, these results were related to each other. The results of tensile, the Charpy impact and fractography revealed that the laser powder bed additively manufactured AlSi10Mg alloy exhibited ductile–brittle type failure behaviour. As-built additively manufactured AlSi10Mg demonstrated higher yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and microhardness but less density than as-built cast-produced AlSi10Mg.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 1-((3R,10S,13S, 17S)-3-((2-methoxyphenyl)amino)-10,13-dimethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[α]phenanthren-17-yl)ethan-1-one, C28H41NO2
Authors: Ye Jiang-Hai , Chen Ren-Song , Zhang Wen-Wen , He Kang , Zou Juan
Published: May 2023

C28H41NO2, monoclinic, C2 (no. 5), a = 4.8622(5) Å, b = 6.7853(7) Å, c = 14.3349(17) Å, β = 96.556(3)°, V = 469.84(9) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0482, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1257, T = 284(2) K.
Almost lossless compression of noisy images
Authors: Jähne Bernd
Published: May 2023

An almost lossless compression method for images is introduced adapted to the temporal noise of image sensors. In a first step, a non-linear gray value transform is applied to generate an image with a gray value independent temporal noise and less bits than the original image. The chosen value for the standard deviation of the temporal noise in the transformed image determines how accurately mean values and the standard deviation of temporal noise can be computed and to which extent the image can be compressed further by a lossless compression in a second step. Just a measurement of the noise characteristics according to the open and international EMVA standard 1288, a non-linear gray value transform for noise equalization, and an open source lossless compression algorithm are required to use this new compression method.
Anomalies of O3, CO, C2H2, H2CO, and C2H6 detected with multiple ground-based Fourier-transform infrared spectrometers and assessed with model simulation in 2020: COVID-19 lockdowns versus natural variability
Authors: Ortega Ivan , Gaubert Benjamin , Hannigan James W. , Brasseur Guy , Worden Helen M. , Blumenstock Thomas , Fu Hao , Hase Frank , Jeseck Pascal , Jones Nicholas , Liu Cheng , Mahieu Emmanuel , Morino Isamu , Murata Isao , Notholt Justus , Palm Mathias , Röhling Amelie , Té Yao , Strong Kimberly , Sun Youwen , Yamanouchi Shoma
Published: May 2023

Anomalies of tropospheric columns of ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), acetylene (C2H2), formaldehyde (H2CO), and ethane (C2H6) are quantified during the 2020 stringent COVID-19 world-wide lockdown using multiple ground-based Fourier-transform infrared spectrometers covering urban and remote conditions. We applied an exponential smoothing forecasting approach to the data sets to estimate business-as-usual values for 2020, which are then contrasted with actual observations. The Community Atmosphere Model with chemistry (CAM-chem) is used to simulate the same gases using lockdown-adjusted and business-as-usual emissions. The role of meteorology, or natural variability, is assessed with additional CAM-chem simulations. The tropospheric column of O3 declined between March and May 2020 for most sites with a mean decrease of 9.2% ± 4.7%. Simulations reproduce these anomalies, especially under background conditions where natural variability explains up to 80% of the decline for sites in the Northern Hemisphere. While urban sites show a reduction between 1% and 12% in tropospheric CO, the remote sites do not show a significant change. Overall, CAM-chem simulations capture the magnitude of the anomalies and in many cases natural variability and lockdowns have opposite effects. We further used the long-term record of the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite instrument to capture global anomalies of CO. Reductions of CO vary highly across regions but North America and Europe registered lower values in March 2020. The absence of CO reduction in April and May, concomitant with reductions of anthropogenic emissions, is explained by a negative anomaly in the hydroxyl radical (OH) found with CAM-chem. The implications of these findings are discussed for methane (CH4), which shows a positive lifetime anomaly during the COVID-19 lockdown period. The fossil fuel combustion by-product tracer C2H2 shows a mean drop of 13.6% ± 8.3% in urban Northern Hemisphere sites due to the reduction in emissions and in some sites exacerbated by natural variability. For some sites with anthropogenic influence there is a decrease in C2H6. The simulations capture the anomalies but the main cause may be related to natural variability. H2CO declined during the stringent 2020 lockdown in all urban sites explained by reductions in emissions of precursors.
Stress-induced severe transient hypercortisolism with reversible bilateral adrenal enlargement after cardiogenic shock
Authors: Noreña Jairo Arturo , Joshi Medha , Rawla Mandip S , Jenkins Elizabeth , Siraj Elias S
Published: May 2023

Acute illness-related stress can result in severe hypercortisolism and bilateral adrenal enlargement in certain patients. We report a case of stress-induced hypercortisolism and bilateral adrenal enlargement in a patient admitted for acute respiratory distress and cardiogenic shock. Bilateral adrenal enlargement and hypercortisolism found during hospitalization for acute illness resolved 3 weeks later following the resolution of acute illness. Acute illness can be a precipitating factor for stress-induced hypercortisolism and bilateral adrenal enlargement. We hypothesize that increased adrenocorticotrophic hormone mediated by corticotrophin-releasing hormone from physical stress resulted in significant adrenal hyperplasia and hypercortisolism. This mechanism is downregulated once acute illness resolves.

Learning points

Adrenal enlargement with abnormal adrenal function after stress is uncommon in humans; however, if present, it can have self-resolution after the acute illness is resolved.

Stress induces enlargement of the adrenals, and the degree of cortisol elevation could be very massive. This process is acute, and the absence of cushingoid features is expected.

Treatment efforts should be focused on treating the underlying condition.
Central serous chorioretinopathy secondary to intramuscular testosterone therapy
Authors: Lockhart M , Ali E , Mustafa M , Tormey W , Sreenan S , Saaed A , McDermott JH
Published: May 2023

A patient treated with intramuscular testosterone replacement therapy for primary hypogonadism developed blurred vision shortly after receiving his testosterone injection. The symptom resolved over subsequent weeks and recurred after his next injection. A diagnosis of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSR) was confirmed following ophthalmology review. A decision was made to change the patient’s testosterone regime from this 12-weekly intramuscular injection to a daily topical testosterone gel, given the possibility that peak blood levels of testosterone following intramuscular injection were causing his ocular complaint. His CSR did not recur after this change in treatment. CSR secondary to testosterone therapy is a rare finding but has been reported previously in the literature.

Learning Points

Blurred vision in patients treated with testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) should prompt an ophthalmology review.

The potential for reduced risk of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSR) with daily transdermal testosterone remains a matter of conjecture.

CSR is a rare potential side effect of TRT.
Again/against Flew
Authors: Garrocho Salcedo Diego Sebastián
Published: May 2023

Uno de los textos que en filosofía más réplicas suscitó en el pasado siglo XX fue la celebérrimo pasaje recogido en los New Essays in Philosophical Theology en los que A. Flew, retomando la "parábola del jardinero" de J. Wisdom1 tratara de determinar la vacuidad semántica de los enunciados teológicos. Como todos conocemos, la polémica causada a partir de la publicación de dicho texto escasamente encuentra parangones en la Filosofía del siglo XX dadas las numerosísimas réplicas y críticas que inspiró, algunas de las cuales se suceden hasta nuestros días.El presente artículo no tiene como propósito capitular las muchas y muy diversas respuestas que se le han dado a la "parábola del jardinero". Desde las célebres réplicas de Hare y Mitchell hasta hoy, el torrente de tinta que provocó la publicación de Flew haría imposible tratar de enumerar y, al menos someramente comentar, todas y cada una de las respuestas posibles a la aplicación del criterio de falsabilidad a los enunciados teológicos. Sería, sin duda, un acto de ingenuidad creer que está al alcance de mi mano desarticular el aparato argumentativo de de un filósofo del fuste y calado de A. Flew. Sin embargo, la propia naturaleza filosófica del texto invita a tratar de hacer una lectura crítica de éste por lo que a todo lector se le hace indispensable tratar de buscar los puntos débiles e inconsistencias del razonamiento de Flew. Sirva, pues, este artículo como modesta aportación a la lectura crítica de la "parábola del jardinero" sin más ánimo que señalar algunas posibles críticas a uno de los textos más polémicos de la filosofía del siglo XX.
Baudelaire y la moda: notas sobre la gravedad de lo frívolo
Authors: Birlanga Trigueros José Gaspar
Published: May 2023

Las referencias de Charles Baudelaire sobre la moda, la gravedad en lo frívolo, sugieren una nueva conciencia sobre ella. La moda como un paraíso artificial con el que vestirse de moderno en la modernidad. La moda como actitud moderna: como modo de pensar, de sentir y actuar en la modernidad. En definitiva, la moda como tarea que destila lo eterno desde lo transitorio, como modo de correspondencia en la transfiguración del lugar común.
Los razonables límites de Kant
Authors: Prada Urdaneta Rubén
Published: May 2023

El propósito de este ensayo es analizar algunas de las paradojas que contiene la teoría de conocimiento kantiana, y ponerlas en relación con las soluciones que darían los epígonos idealistas de Kant, en especial Hegel. Se hará hincapié en mostrar por qué dichas paradojas son constitutivas del pensamiento kantiano e intentaremos entender cómo tratará Hegel de disolverlas con mayor o menor fortuna.
Las implicaciones ontológicas y epistemológicas de la teoría de los actos de habla
Authors: Colomina Almiñana Juan José
Published: May 2023

Bajo Palabra. Revista de Filosofía
Deriving Homogeneous Subsets from Gene Sets by Exploiting the Gene Ontology
Authors: Stier Quirin , Thrun Michael C.
Published: May 2023

The Gene Ontology (GO) knowledge base provides a standardized vocabulary of GO terms for describing gene functions and attributes. It consists of three directed acyclic graphs which represent the hierarchical structure of relationships between GO terms. GO terms enable the organization of genes based on their functional attributes by annotating genes to specific GO terms. We propose an information-retrieval derived distance between genes by using their annotations. Four gene sets with causal associations were examined by employing our proposed methodology. As a result, the discovered homogeneous subsets of these gene sets are semantically related, in contrast to comparable works. The relevance of the found clusters can be described with the help of ChatGPT by asking for their biological meaning. The R package BIDistances, readily available on CRAN, empowers researchers to effortlessly calculate the distance for any given gene set.