bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AUTOMEDICAÇÃO EM IDOSOS E SEUS RISCOS
Authors: Severino Cristiano Lourenço , Colli Luciana Ferreira Mattos , Andrade Leonardo Guimarães de
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A automedicação é uma prática comum que tem estado presente em todas as classes, principalmente os idosos. O funcionamento do organismo de um idoso é diferente das outras faixas etárias, por isso é comum que haja muitos surgimentos de algumas patologias. No intuito de combater sintomas, alguns idosos optam por seguir indicações de outras pessoas que não sejam da área da saúde, essa ação pode causar altos ricos a saúde como reações adversas, interações medicamentosas e até mesmo contribuir o aparecimento de outras doenças. Objetivo: Abordar as consequências da automedicação em idosos e o efeito positivo do profissional farmacêutico no combate do uso irracional de medicamentos em idosos. A Metodologia trata-se de uma revisão de literatura bibliográfica de caráter narrativo descritivo. A qual a pesquisa foi realizada entre os meses de maio a junho de 2024. Resultados: de acordo com pesquisa feita por outros autores foi constatado que os idosos que são mais propensos a realizar a automedicação são aqueles de baixa renda e nível de escolaridade. Os medicamentos mais utilizados na automedicação são os isentos de prescrição para aliviar dores muscular, inflamações e febre. Conclusão: O uso do medicamento, mesmo sendo de venda livre, sem uma orientação adequada, pode causar sérios danos à saúde. Por isso o farmacêutico deve dar total atenção ao idoso no momento da dispensação do medicamento, pois devido ao conhecimento farmacológico que ele detém pode causar um impacto positivo na saúde do idoso, resultando na redução da polifarmácia e contribuir na promoção do uso racional de medicamentos.
DIAGNÓSTICO E ESTRATÉGIAS DE INTERVENÇÃO PRÉ-NATAL EM CARDIOPATIAS CONGÊNITAS
Authors: Silva Camille Leite , Silva Emily Alencar , Santos Sofia Ramos , Machado Maria das Mercês Borém Correa
Published: November 2024

As cardiopatias congênitas (CC) são anomalias causadas por falhas anatômicas no coração e grandes vasos, que podem gerar comprometimento significativo na funcionalidade dessas estruturas. Tais anormalidades podem ser isoladas ou relacionadas a fatores genéticos, ambientais, uso de drogas pela mãe e doenças adquiridas durante a gestação. As CC apresentam manifestações clínicas distintas e de rápida evolução, o que contribui para alta taxa de morbimortalidade.  As intervenções intrauterinas têm recebido cada vez mais destaque como opção terapêutica, uma vez que apresenta resultados satisfatórios em relação à correção cardíaca neonatal.  Analisar os métodos diagnósticos e as estratégias de intervenção pré-natal em cardiopatias congênitas.  Trata-se de um estudo de revisão literária integrativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada nas bases de dados SciELO, BVS e PubMed. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos disponíveis na íntegra e nos idiomas português e inglês no período de 2014 a 2024. Os descritores utilizados foram: “cardiopatia congênita”, “diagnóstico pré-natal” e “métodos terapêuticos”. Os artigos selecionados contabilizaram 3.710 artigos, dos quais 15 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Espera-se que os resultados encontrados neste estudo contribuam para o conhecimento da importância do diagnóstico precoce das cardiopatias congênitas, bem como as intervenções terapêuticas pré-natais.
ATUAÇÃO DO PROFISSIONAL DE FISIOTERAPIA PÉLVICA EM MULHERES GRÁVIDAS QUE APRESENTAM COMO SINTOMATOLOGIA A INCONTINÊNCIA URINÁRIA DE ESFORÇO
Authors: Silva Elizangela Gonçalves da , Lima Ronaldo Nunes
Published: November 2024

Esse artigo busca analisar a atuação do profissional de fisioterapia (fisioterapeuta) no tratamento da incontinência urinária por esforço em mulheres grávidas, ademais, é importante destacar que este artigo visa demonstrar de forma objetiva os benefícios da fisioterapia pélvica nas mulheres em período gestacional, por fim, insta salientar, que o presente artigo busca avaliar a reabilitação dos músculos e a desativação dos pontos de gatilhos, para se trabalhar a coordenação, força e resistência do assoalho pélvico.
CONTUSÕES EM CARCAÇAS BOVINAS ASSOCIADAS AO TRANSPORTE ANIMAL
Authors: Garbin Daiana , Figueira Paulo Tadeu , Almeida Gabriel Daltoé de
Published: November 2024

A pesquisa tem como motivação a análise do transporte animal e seus efeitos na qualidade da carne. Assim, buscou-se entender a correlação entre tipo e tamanho da lesão em relação aos cortes cárneos utilizados no frigorífico, terço dianteiro, costela, lombo e quarto traseiro, sendo avaliado as meias carcaças, direita e esquerda. Assim, ao levar em conta a precária situação das estradas brasileiras, os níveis de estresse e percas no pré e pós-abate são pontos cruciais para levantar discussões sobre a forma a qual a logística afeta a produção animal. Foram analisadas 290 carcaças, das quais 63,10% apresentaram lesões, totalizando 364 contusões, nas distâncias superiores a 100 km o resultado foi uma média de 68% de carcaças lesionadas. Além da distância, fatores como condições precárias de transporte e manejo inadequado foram associados a maiores índices de contusões, com destaque para o espaço excessivo entre animais, que aumentou o risco de quedas. As lesões ocorreram principalmente nas regiões da costela, traseiro e dianteiro, com maior frequência do lado direito, sendo as lesões maiores, acima de 20 cm, observadas especialmente na costela esquerda e traseiro direito, gerando perdas econômicas e indicando a necessidade de melhores práticas de manejo e transporte para agregar qualidade.
Particulate emissions from cooking: emission factors, emission dynamics, and mass spectrometric analysis for different cooking methods
Authors: Pikmann Julia , Drewnick Frank , Fachinger Friederike , Borrmann Stephan
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Since most people, especially in developed countries, spend most of their time indoors, they are heavily exposed to indoor aerosols, which can potentially lead to adverse health effects. A major source of indoor aerosols are cooking activities, which release large quantities of particulate emissions (in terms of both number and mass), often with complex compositions. To investigate the characteristics of cooking emissions and what influences these emissions, we conducted a comprehensive study by cooking 19 dishes with different ingredients and cooking methods. The emissions were monitored in real time with several online instruments that measured both physical and chemical particle properties as well as trace gas concentrations. The same instrumentation was used to study the influence of cooking emissions on the ambient aerosol load at two German Christmas markets. In contrast to previous studies, which often focus on individual aspects or emission variables, this broad and coherent approach allows a comparison of the influence of different parameters (e.g., ingredients, cooking method, cooking temperature, cooking activities) on the emissions. We found an influence of cooking emissions on six variables: number concentration of smaller (particle diameter dp > 5 nm) and larger (dp > 250 nm) particles, particulate matter (PM: PM1, PM2.5, PM10), black carbon (BC), PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), and organic aerosol mass concentration. In general, similar emission characteristics were observed for dishes with the same cooking method, mainly due to similar cooking temperature and use of oil. The temporal dynamics in the emissions of the aforementioned variables, as well as the sizes of the emitted particles, were mainly influenced by the cooking temperature and the activities during cooking. Emissions were quantified using emission factors, with the highest values for grilled dishes, 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower for oil-based cooking (baking, stir-frying, deep-frying), and the lowest for boiled dishes. For the identification of cooking emissions with the Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS), and more generally for the identification of new AMS markers for individual organic aerosol types, we propose a new plot type that takes into account the mass spectral variability for individual aerosol types. Combining our results and those of previous studies for the quantification of cooking-related organic aerosols with the AMS, we recommend the use of relative ionization efficiency values higher than the default value for organics (RIEOrg = 1.4): 2.17 ± 0.48 for rapeseed-oil-based cooking and 5.16 ± 0.77 for soybean-oil-based cooking.
Combining benzalkonium chloride addition with filtration to inhibit dissolved inorganic carbon alteration during the preservation of seawater in radiocarbon analysis
Authors: Takahashi Hiroshi A. , Minami Masayo
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) addition has shown great promise as a disinfectant for measuring δ13C and 14C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in freshwater samples. However, it was reported that the effectiveness of BAC to prevent DIC change was reduced for the use of seawater samples. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of adding BAC as a disinfectant in carbon isotopic analyses of DIC in seawater samples. We compared the efficacy of BAC addition, filtration (0.22 μm PTFE or 0.2–0.45 μm PES filters), and a combination of BAC addition and filtration in preventing DIC alterations caused by biological activity. The combined procedure was effective in preserving seawater, although this assessment was based on results from a single seawater sample. The 14C concentration of samples treated with both BAC addition and filtration exhibited minimal changes, ranging from 0.2–0.4 pMC over 41 weeks, despite the addition of sugar included to increase biological activity several-fold. Although the complete elimination of biological effects may be challenging with the combined method, the observed changes remained within practical limits. Concerns about CO2 contamination during sample filtration were also addressed and found to be negligible. These results suggest that combining filtration and BAC addition is an effective method for suppressing biological DIC alterations in 14C analysis, even in seawater samples.
Mapping soil moisture across the UK: assimilating cosmic-ray neutron sensors, remotely sensed indices, rainfall radar and catchment water balance data in a Bayesian hierarchical model
Authors: Levy Peter E. ,   the COSMOS-UK team
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Soil moisture is important in many hydrological and ecological processes. However, data sets which are currently available have issues with accuracy and resolution. To translate remotely sensed data to an absolute measure of soil moisture requires mapped estimates of soil hydrological properties and estimates of vegetation properties, and this introduces considerable uncertainty. We present an alternative methodology for producing daily maps of soil moisture over the UK at 2 km resolution (“SMUK”). The method is based on a simple linear statistical model, calibrated with 5 years of daily data from cosmic-ray neutron sensors at ∼ 40 sites across the country. The model is driven by precipitation, humidity, a remotely sensed “soil water index” satellite product and soil porosity. The spatial variation in the parameter describing the soil water retention (and thereby the response to precipitation) was estimated using daily water balance data from ∼ 1200 catchments with good coverage across the country. The model parameters were estimated by Bayesian calibration using a Markov chain–Monte Carlo method, so as to characterise the posterior uncertainty in the parameters and predictions. The approach reduces uncertainty by integrating multiple data sources, all of which have weaknesses but together act as a better constraint on the true soil moisture. The model explains around 70 % of the variance in the daily observations with a root-mean-square error of 0.05 m3 m−3, better than results from more complex process-based models. Given the high resolution of the inputs in time and space, the model can predict the very detailed variation in soil moisture which arises from the sporadic nature of precipitation events, including the small-scale and short-term variations associated with orographic and convective rainfall. Predictions over the period 2016 to 2023 demonstrated realistic patterns following the passage of weather fronts and prolonged droughts. The model has negligible computation time, and inputs and predictions are updated daily, lagging approximately 1 week behind real time.
Factores que se asocian y predicen ansiedad en cuidadores primarios informales de niños con cáncer en tratamiento
Authors: Suárez-Rayo Aline , Lara-Pompa Nara Elizabeth , Villeda-Aguilar Alejandra , Urrutia-Ballesteros Isaac Manuel , Esmer-Sánchez Carmen , Vega-Vega Lourdes , Escamilla-Asiain Gabriela , Méndez-Venegas José
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: evaluar los niveles de ansiedad en cuidadores primarios informales (CPI) de niños con cáncer dentro de los primeros 6 meses de tratamiento, e identificar factores del CPI (sociodemográficos y psicológicos) y paciente (sociodemográficos y médicos) que se asocian y predicen ansiedad. Método: estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y transversal. Se analizaron datos de los CPI de niños con cáncer del Hospital Infantil Teletón de Oncología (HITO) evaluados de junio 2019 a diciembre 2021. Se excluyeron CPI de niños con más de 6 meses de diagnóstico. Se aplicó un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos y médicos, inventario de ansiedad de Beck, Inventario de Depresión de Beck II, Escala de Sobrecarga de Zarit y Termómetro de distrés. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, de asociación, riesgo relativo y predicción. Resultados: 91 CPI estudiados, 71,4% presentaron ansiedad. Se encontraron asociaciones significativas (p˂0,05) con escolaridad, depresión, sobrecarga, distrés y edad del CPI, así como el tiempode diagnóstico del niño, siendo las tres últimas variables (edad menor a 31, distrés y reciente diagnóstico) las que mejor predecían ansiedad en los modelos multivariables. Conclusiones: el perfil sociodemográfico del CPI fue similar al encontrado en otros estudios en México, aunque la prevalencia de ansiedad fue menor a la descrita en la literatura. Los hallazgos podrían ser útiles para diseñar intervenciones que promuevan el bienestar de esta población. Se sugiere realizar más estudios en fases inciales de la enfermedad, longitudinales y considerar otras variables del CPI y paciente.
Estrategias de afrontamiento de padres y madres de niños atendidos a domicilio en una unidad de cuidados paliativos
Authors: González Páez Noelia , Martínez Monroy Aurora , Chis Conea Dana Cristina
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: identificar situaciones estresantes referidas por los padres de pacientes con necesidades paliativas pediátricasm evaluar las estratgeias de afrontamiento utilizadas y explorar si existen diferencias de género. Método: muestra compuesta por un total de 42 padres de pacientes ingresados a domicilio entre enero y diciembre de 2022. Se administra la adaptación española del Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento en formato telemático. Análisis estadístico con el SPSS 22.0 mediante la prueba t de Student y Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney. Resultados: las situaciones estresantes identificadas son: enfermedad (30, 95%), dificultades familiares (19,04%), soledad (14,28%), sobrecarga (9,52%), cuidados (7,14%), ámbito social (7,14%), área laboral (4,76%), malas noticias (2,38%), entorno sanitario (2,38%) y salud general del cuidador (2,38%). La estrategia más empleada es resolución de problemas (media 16,31) y la menos evitación del problem (media 5,4). No hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas en género salvo en retirada social (p=0,04) y autocrítica (p=0,03), siendo estas más utilizadas en mujeres. Conclusión: conocer las estrategias de afrontamiento de las familias facilitará adecuar las intervenciones psicológicas a sus necesidades. Los principales estresores están relacionados con la atención de un hijo/a enfermo grave. Los padres emplean con mayor frecuencia estrategias de afrontamiento adaptativas enfocadas a solución de problemas. Las diferencias estadísticamente significativas encontradas en retirada social y autocrítica en relación al género, son relevantes a la hora de prevenir la sobrecarga en las madres.
Desarrollo y creación de infografía y tríptico para comunicar EVAT a los familiares de pacientes pediátricos oncológicos
Authors: Conde Morelos Zaragoza Tania María , Aguilar Luna Karla Virginia , Nuñez Martínez Matilde , Quelal González Janeth Melba , López Facundo Norma Araceli , Cárdenas Aguirre Adolfo , Graetz Dylan , Agulnik Asya
Published: November 2024

La Escala de Valoración de Alerta Temprana (EVAT) permite predecir el riesgo y detectar de manera oportuna el deterioro en los pacientes oncológicos hospitalizados. En 2017 se creó la colaboración del proyecto EVAT multicéntrico, como herramienta para la mejora de la calidad del cuidado para niños con cáncer, en centros de altos y bajos recursos. Hasta 2024, se han concentrado 98 hospitales dentro de la región latinoamericana y europea para capacitar al área médica y de enfermería cuya meta es lograr una implementación exitosa del proyecto. A través del periodo transcurrido, los centros capacitados han realizado interrogantes que no se habían planteado con anterioridad, sobre todo en lo que respecta al transmitir EVAT a los cuidadores. Por tanto, el objetivo de este artículo es explicar el desarrollo y creación de una infografía y un tríptico que apoyen a los líderes EVAT de los hospitales y orienten a los familiares, ya que la preocupación del cuidador representa un punto dentro de la escala de EVAT. El método para recopilar la información de las herramientas fue a través de un grupo especializado, principalmente conformado de enfermeras que pertenecen a centros con EVAT. Para obtener los resultados finales fue necesaria la creación de cinco versiones que representaran de manera creativa y concisa la información deseada a transmitir a los cuidadores de los pacientes oncológicos. Se espera que con los materiales realizados se conduzca a mejorar la comunicación entre los familiares y el personal médico.
Optimizing Fish Feed Pellets Handling Systems to Minimize Microplastics Emissions - A Pilot Test Based Approach
Authors: Ratnayake Chandana , Von Hafenbrädl Franz Otto
Published: November 2024

The fisheries and aquaculture industries are vital components of global food production, yet they also contribute to release of microplastics into marine environments, posing risks to ecosystem health and seafood safety. Among the contributing factors, the erosion of feeding pipes during the pneumatic conveyance of fish feed pellets stands out as a significant source of microplastic pollution. This study focuses on optimizing feed pellet conveying systems in fish farms to minimize microplastic emissions while maximizing pipeline lifespan and pellet integrity. Using high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes commonly found in aquaculture facilities, the impact of air velocity and pipeline configuration on pipe wall erosion and pellet breakage was investigated. Through pneumatic conveying tests, the effects of varying air flow rates and bend radii were assessed on pipeline wear and feed pellet integrity. The findings of the study underscored the importance of optimizing operating parameters to bring a balance between preventing pipe blockages and minimizing abrasive impacts on pellets and pipeline surfaces. Furthermore, a simulationbased approach to optimize feeding system performance is presented, integrating the experimental results into a computational model. This model allows for the evaluation of different operating conditions and pipeline configurations, offering insights into costeffective strategies for reducing microplastic emissions while maintaining efficient feed delivery to fish populations. Ultimately, this research provided practical recommendations and best practices for the aquaculture industry to mitigate microplastic pollution from feeding pipes. By optimizing feed pellet conveying systems, environmental sustainability can be enhanced, seafood quality be preserved, and bolster consumer confidence in aquaculture products.
A Review on Nano Enabled Controlled Release Fertilizers and their Nutrient Release Mechanisms
Authors: Sahul Hameed Heena , Kanaganamaradi Nagaraju Vidya , S Marimuthu , M Balakrishnan , A Raviraj , Ambrose Kingsly
Published: November 2024

The imbalance in nutrient release from conventional fertilizers and plant nutrient uptake leads to a surplus accumulation of nutrients in the soil. A key approach to tackle this issue involves the engineering of nano-enabled fertilizers for the controlled release of nutrients to crops. In this context, it is important to understand the strategies for designing and utilizing nano-enabled fertilizers that can effectively regulate nutrient release and enhance nutrient use efficiency (NUE). This review focuses on nano-structured materials that serve as nutrient carriers: nano-clays, hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, mesoporous silica, carbon-based nanomaterials, polymeric nanoparticles, and other nanomaterials. In addition, the nutrient release mechanisms in controlled release fertilizers (CRFs)/slow-release fertilizers (SRFs) are discussed. The discussion and perspectives presented emphasizes the need for standardized and comprehensive fertilizer evaluation systems, design of multifunctional nanomaterials, and the creation of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers to improve NUE.
NEW PROCEDURE BASED ON OBTAINING THE AVERAGE DECELERATION FOR IMPROVING THE SPANISH NATIONAL INSPECTION OF TRACTOR SERVICE BRAKES
Authors: CUADRADO SEMPERE OSCAR , FABRA RODRIGUEZ MIGUEL , NAVARRO ARCAS ABEL , Simón Portillo Francisco Javie , SANCHEZ LOZANO MIGUEL , VELASCO  SANCHEZ EMILIO
Published: November 2024

This study addresses the status and proposes key aspects relevant to refining of the procedure for the Spanish National Inspection of Vehicles relative to tractor service brakes, specifically focusing on obtaining the average deceleration. The current inspection method lacks a clear definition of the calculation process for average deceleration in the Spanish Official Manual of Procedures of Inspection of Vehicles. This lack of clarity results in varying outcomes and potential acceptance or rejection of the inspection based on the selected equipment and procedure. To address this issue, a comprehensive series of tests were conducted on different vehicles, using various equipment and calculation methods. The objective was to derive meaningful conclusions regarding the calculation method, measuring equipment, and other relevant factors. This study reveals the inadequacy of the current average deceleration calculation method as outlined in the official inspection manual. The findings highlight the crucial role of accurate equipment selection, appropriate calculation methods, and skilled personnel experience in ensuring reliable and consistent results. To address this, a new standardized procedure is proposed to streamline the process of obtaining the average deceleration in the inspection of tractor service brakes. The recommended procedure encompasses the use of a secure, well-defined track, clearly marked acceleration and braking points, a GPS decelerometer, a portable or on-track speedometer, and data processing that excludes the initial and final sections of the deceleration curve. Furthermore, this study highlights the need to update the acceptance thresholds for the inspection, as the current thresholds may no longer align with the proposed procedure. A revision of these thresholds is suggested to establish new criteria that are more appropriate and in line with the proposed method and for tractors manufactured after 01/01/2016.
Keywords: Tractors, brake testing, vehicle inspection, road safety.
DEPOSITION STRATEGIES AND PROGRAMMING TO ADDRESS THE MANUFACTURE OF COMPLEX GEOMETRY PARTS BY WAAM (WIRE AND ARC ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
Authors: Iturrioz Amaia , Vázquez Martínez Lexuri , Rodriguez Iñaki , ARANA LOPEZ MAIDER , AGUILAR SORIA DAVID
Published: November 2024

This work analyzes the factors that affect the manufacture of complex geometry parts by WAAM (Wire and arc additive manufacturing) with the aim of minimizing the material used, improving the Buy-to-Fly ratio (ratio of raw material weight divided by the weight of the final component) and avoiding part distortions. A study of the different material deposition strategies to manufacture the parts (straight beads, circular path beads, serpentine, overlapping beads...) has been carried out to obtain the desired geometry. Depending on the deposition strategy to be used and the geometry of the part, the best option for the definition of robot trajectories has been analyzed, which can be done by direct programming of the robot or in a CAD-CAM design environment. Another aspect to be considered in manufacturing is the time between layers. This time affects the growth of the parts, since the accumulated heat can cause the growth to be inconsistent and generate distortions. To see the effects of different waiting times, simulation tools have been used. Finally, in order to control the deviations of the real part with respect to the theoretical one, the option of using profilometry has been analysed. This paper aims to analyse the development of new methodologies that respond to the different challenges mentioned above.)

Keywords: WAAM, Buy-to-Fly, deposition strategies, robot trajectories, simulation
AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF MISOGYNY ON X USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: GUZMAN CABRERA RAFAEL , MORALES CASTRO JOSE CARMEN , HERNANDEZ RAYAS ANGELICA , RUIZ PINALES JOSE , LOZANO GARCIA JOSE MERCED
Published: November 2024

Nowadays, the number of social network users has grown exponentially. One example of these social networks is X, which plays an important role in the generation and dissemination of information. However, this increase in the use of social networks has also led to an increase in the dissemination of misogynistic messages.
АНАЛИЗ И ОЦЕНКА ИННОВАЦИОННОСТИ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ РЕШЕНИЙ В МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКОМ ПОДХОДЕ В МАШИНОСТРОЕНИИ
Authors: Д.Л. Раков
Published: November 2024

Одной из основных задач при создании новых технических решений в машиностроении является анализ их новизны или инновационности. Новизна и уникальность технических решений оценивается по степени, насколько синтезированные решения отличаются от существующих. Оценивается потенциал для развития и улучшения технических решений, а также способность реагировать на изменения окружающей среды. В статье рассматриваются два случая определения новизны синтезируемых решений – по сравнению с базовым множеством вариантов и опорными вариантами. В заключении делаются выводы о том, что предлагаемый подход позволяет повысить надежность моделей, принимаемых на этапе технического предложения.

One of the main tasks in creating new technical solutions in mechanical engineering is to analyze their novelty or innovativeness. The novelty and uniqueness of engineering solutions is assessed by the degree to which the synthesized solutions differ from existing ones. The potential for development and improvement of engineering solutions is assessed, as well as the ability to respond to environmental changes. The paper discusses two cases of determining the novelty of synthesized solutions - compared to a base set of variants and reference variants. The paper concludes that the proposed approach improves the reliability of models adopted at the stage of engineering proposal.
АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ УСТРОЙСТВА ДЛЯ ТРИБОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ИСПЫТАНИЙ ПАР ТРЕНИЯ
Authors: С.В. Пьянзов , П.А. Ионов , А.М. Земсков , С.В. Червяков
Published: November 2024

Изложены основные принципы, подходы к автоматизации процесса триботехнических испытаний. Предложен и спроектирован опытный образец устройства для проведения испытаний пар трения в режиме реального времени. Представлены результаты триботехнических испытаний ресурсолимитирующего соединения гидростатической трансмиссии при оптимальной и расчетной нагрузках.

The basic principles and approaches to the automation of the tribotechnical testing process are outlined. A prototype device for testing friction pairs in real time has been proposed and designed. The results of tribotechnical tests of the resource-limiting connection of the hydrostatic transmission at optimal and design loads are presented.
О ВЛИЯНИИ ГЕОМЕТРИИ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ КАТАНИЯ КОЛЕС НА ПРОДОЛЬНУЮ ДИНАМИКУ ПОЕЗДА
Authors: В.П. Червинский
Published: November 2024

Изложен метод расчета усилий междувагонных сцепок, включающий компоненты сил, обусловленных отличием геометрии поверхностей катания колес от кругового конуса, возникающей вследствие износа колес. Износ колес сопровождается появлением дополнительных сил инерции, влияющих на характер качения колеса и силы контактного взаимодействия колес с рельсами, также входящих в расчет усилий в сцепах, формирующих продольную динамику поезда. Учитывается зависимость сил от вертикальных неровностей пути.

A method is presented for calculating the forces of inter-car couplers, which includes components of forces caused by the difference in the geometry of the wheel rolling surfaces from a circular cone, which occurs due to wheel wear. Wheel wear is accompanied by the appearance of additional inertia forces that affect the nature of wheel rolling and the forces of contact interaction between wheels and rails, which are also included in the calculation of forces in couplings that form the longitudinal dynamics of the train. The dependence of forces on vertical irregularities of the track is also taken into account.
ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ НАДЕЖНОСТИ ВЫСОКООБОРОТНЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОЦЕНТРОБЕЖНЫХ ПОГРУЖНЫХ НАСОСОВ СЕРИИ ЭЦН АКМ
Authors: В.М. Коропецкий , И.С. Сплавский
Published: November 2024

В статье представлены основные проблемы трибомеханики высокооборотных электроцентробежных погружных насосов серии ЭЦН АКМ (номинальная частота вращения 10 000 об/мин) при эксплуатации в осложненных нефтяных скважинах.

The article presents the main problems of tribomechanics of high-speed electric submersible pumps of the ESP AKS series (rated rotation speed 10,000 rpm) during operation in complicated oil wells.
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ТОЧНОСТИ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ РОБОТОВ ПУТЕМ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ДВУХДВИГАТЕЛЬНЫХ СЛЕДЯЩИХ ЭЛЕКТРОПРИВОДОВ
Authors: В.Л. Афонин , В.В. Слепцов , А.Е. Аблаева , С.С. Кананадзе
Published: November 2024

В статье проведен синтез двухдвигательных электроприводов промышленных технологических роботов и определены их основные технические характеристики. Выбраны тип и параметры регуляторов положения и скорости таких электроприводов, предложена структурная схема системы управления, позволяющая исключить влияние погрешностей, определяемых люфтом в механических передачах.

The article synthesizes dual-motor electric drives of industrial technological robots and determines their main technical characteristics. The type and parameters of position and speed controllers for such electric drives have been selected, and a block diagram of the control system has been proposed to eliminate the influence of errors determined by backlash in mechanical transmissions.
АНАЛИЗ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ТЕРМОМЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ ДИАГРАММ НА ОСНОВЕ ГИПОТЕЗ ПЛОСКОГО НАПРЯЖЁННО-ДЕФОРМИРОВАННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ И ПЛОСКОЙ ДЕФОРМАЦИИ ДЕТАЛЕЙ В ТМС КОЛЕЦ И ЦИЛИНДРОВ
Authors: Д.У. Хасьянова , Н.В. Раков
Published: November 2024

В статье представлен анализ результатов получения термомеханических диаграмм на основе гипотез плоского напряженно-деформированного состояния и плоской деформации деталей в ТМС колец и цилиндров.

The article presents an analysis of the results of obtaining thermomechanical diagrams based on the hypotheses of a flat stress-strain state and flat deformation of parts in TMS rings and cylinders.
КОМПЛЕКС НЕРАЗРУШАЮЩЕГО КОНТРОЛЯ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ТОКАРНОГО СТАНКА С ЧИСЛОВЫМ ПРОГРАММНЫМ УПРАВЛЕНИЕМ TNC-20
Authors: А.П. Печенкин , А.Д. Пашко
Published: November 2024

В процессе эксплуатации технологическое оборудование с числовым программным управлением неизбежно сокращает свой ресурс, для обеспечения его бесперебойной работы проводятся ремонтные работы. На текущий момент ремонт оборудования проводится по заранее определенному плану, который не может гарантировать исключение аварийных ситуации, тем самым являясь несовершенным. Предлагается внедрить на производство комплекс неразрушающего контроля технического состояния оборудования. Предлагаемый комплекс позволит проводить регулярные проверки текущего состояния узлов и агрегатов оборудования. На основании полученных данных, можно сделать вывод о пригодности оборудования к работе и перейти на систему ремонтов относительно текущего состояния оборудования, что позволит сократить затраты на ремонт оборудования и снизить вероятность его аварийного выхода из строя.

During operation, technological equipment with numerical control inevitably reduces its service life, and repairs are carried out to ensure its smooth operation. At the moment, the repair of equipment is carried out according to a predetermined plan, which cannot guarantee the exclusion of emergency situations, thereby being imperfect. It is proposed to introduce a complex of non-destructive testing of the technical condition of the equipment into production. This complex will allow regular checks of the current condition of equipment components and assemblies. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to conclude that the equipment is suitable for operation and switch to a repair system regarding the current condition of the equipment, which will reduce the cost of repairing equipment and reduce the likelihood of its emergency failure.
Отечественный одноразовый полимерный аноскоп и аддитивная технология его изготовления
Authors: Кадолич Жанна Владимировна , Чувашов Дмитрий Сергеевич , Зотов Сергей Валентинович , Крот Виктор Степанович
Published: November 2024

Во введении сделан акцент на актуальность развития аддитивных технологий и их перспективность для создания эксклюзивных изделий медицинской техники в рамках индивидуального заказа пациентов. Цель работы – усовершенствование конструкции одноразового полимерного аноскопа и обоснование возможности его изготовления посредством 3D-печати. В начале основной части приведен обзор конструкций проктологических инструментов. Новые технические решения в данной области ориентированы на совершенствование формы исполнения и размерных параметров элементов устройства с целью повышения степени свободы манипуляций. Далее представлен вариант создания трехмерной модели изделия, которое осуществляли постадийно с применением программ SolidWorks 2020 от компании Dassault Systеms и Ultimaker Cur 5.3.0 от компании Ultimaker путем разработки нескольких перспективных вариантов с выбором наиболее функционального. В качестве материала для 3D-принтинга рекомендован прозрачный ABS-пластик. Длительность печати с применением FDM-технологии составила 2 ч 45 мин при массе изделия 43 г. Предложенный вариант дизайна и конструкции модернизированного аноскопа способен обеспечить максимальный комфорт для пациента: он снижает потенциальный уровень болевых
ощущений при выполнении процедуры и минимизирует риск травмы. В заключении подчеркнуто, что возможности аддитивных технологий позволяют в широких пределах варьировать конструкции различных устройств и подбирать применяемые для них материалы, адаптируя их к конкретной задаче и попутно решая проблему импортозамещения. Научная новизна полученных результатов состоит
в том, что создана оптимизированная 3D-модель аноскопа и выполнено технологичное готовое изделие. Область применения разработки – технологии переработки полимеров и композитов с целевой задачей конструирования и изготовления изделий медицинской техники.
Живучесть железобетонных каркасных систем из напрягающего сталефибробетона
Authors: Лизогуб Александр Александрович , Лизогуб Ирина Владимировна , Тур Андрей Викторович , Павлова Инесса Павловна
Published: November 2024

Во введении представлен краткий анализ исследований живучести и основных механизмов сопротивления прогрессирующему обрушению железобетонных каркасных конструктивных систем.
Отмечено, что живучесть напрямую связана с пластической деформативностью и способностью к рассеиванию энергии поврежденной конструктивной системы. Проанализированы существующие исследования способности высокопрочных бетонов, бетонов с дисперсным армированием и напрягающих бетонов к диссипации энергии. Выявлено, что введение дисперсного армирования может существенно повысить диссипативные свойства конструкций. Целью данного исследования является экспериментальная проверка гипотезы о том, что применение дисперсного армирования напрягающего бетона увеличивает его пластическую деформативность и, следовательно, его способность к диссипации энергии, а также проведение параметрических исследований, направленных на оценку влияния прочностных и деформационных характеристик напрягающего сталефибробетона на живучесть железобетонных каркасных систем. В основной части работы описана методика проведения экспериментальных исследований напрягающего фибробетона, приведены номинальные составы бетонной смеси.
Полученные в ходе экспериментальных исследований результаты свидетельствуют о повышении пластической деформативности и способности к рассеиванию (диссипации) энергии дисперсно-армированного напрягающего бетона, что может быть использовано в рамках стратегии многоуровневого проектирования диссипативных конструктивных систем в особых расчетных ситуациях. Выполнены параметрические исследования влияния прочностных и деформационных характеристик напрягающего сталефибробетона на живучесть фрагмента железобетонной каркасной конструктивной системы.
Установлено, что повышение пластической деформативности бетона позволяет конструктивной системе более эффективно рассеивать энергию, что предотвращает развитие упругих колебаний и способствует более плавному переходу работы системы в стадию развития мембранных эффектов.
О-ах, рекурсия…
Authors: Макарова Нина Петровна
Published: November 2024

Представлено практическое руководство для самостоятельного овладения рекурсивными алгоритмами и особенностями их программирования с помощью средств сетевого проекта. Адресовано студентам, осваивающим дисциплину «Методы
программирования», а также заинтересованным учащимся учреждений общего среднего, профессионального и дополнительного образования детей и взрослых,
преподавателям, обеспечивающим преподавание дисциплин компьютерного цикла, магистрантам и аспирантам учреждений высшего образования, специалистам в области теории и методики обучения и воспитания и современных информационных и коммуникационных технологий.
Pengaruh Tax Evasion, Pemeriksaan Pajak dan Penagihan Pajak terhadap Penerimaan Pajak Penghasilan Badan yang Dimediasi oleh Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Badan
Authors: Putri Ni Luh Putu Widya Rahayu , Barli Harry
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Tax Evasion, pemeriksaan pajak dan penagihan pajak terhadap penerimaan pajak penghasilan badan. Penelitian ini juga merupakan pajak yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan dengan cara melanggar peraturan perpajakan seperti memberi data-data yang tidak sesuai dengan kegiatan usaha yang dilakukan atau menyembunyikan data valid laporan keuangan untuk dilaporkan ke pihak kantor pajak yang mengakibatkan penerimaan negara melalui pajak berkurang. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menguji apakah Tax Evasion, pemeriksaan pajak, penagihan pajak, kepatuhan wajib pajak badan, kepatuhan wajib pajak badan memediasi Tax Evasion, memediasi pemeriksaan pajak, memediasi penagihan pajak berpengaruh terhadap penerimaan pajak penghasilan badan.
Technological Cancer in the Real Automated World
Authors: Krzykawski Michał
Published: November 2024

The article offers a combination of critical philosophical reflection with design science in the context of the implications of popularising generative AI systems. Challenging the validity of comparing AI to human intelligence, the text describes such consequences in reference to the “technological cancer” hypothesis stated by an astrophysicist, Aurélien Barrau, as well as drafts possible ways of fighting such a cancer. Keywords: artificial intelligence (AI), social crisis, environmental crisis, critical design, critical thinking
The Carter Administration's Attempt To Reconvene The Geneva Middle East Peace Conference
Authors: Guo Song
Published: November 2024

When the Carter administration assumed power in 1977, it prioritized the achievement of Middle East peace as its foremost task. It endeavored to facilitate a comprehensive Arab-Israeli peace by reconvening the Geneva Middle East Peace Conference and inviting representatives from Israel, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, and Palestine to negotiate a resolution to the Arab-Israeli conflict in Geneva. However, the Carter administration encountered challenges in its Arab-Israeli diplomacy, particularly regarding substantive and procedural issues related to restarting the conference. It struggled to reconcile differences between the Arab and Israeli sides on crucial peace-related matters such as borders and the inclusion of Palestinian delegates. Additionally, it faced difficulties in assisting Arab countries in resolving internal contradictions regarding their participation format. Ultimately, the Carter administration’s efforts to reconvene the Geneva Peace Conference fell short. This failure was attributed to several factors, including the deep-seated psychological divide between Arabs and Israelis, internal contradictions among Arab nations, the significant influence of pro-Israel forces in the United States constraining pressure on Israel, and President Carter’s limited experience in international affairs, coupled with underestimations of the complexities inherent in the Arab-Israeli conflict.
Modern sources of financing the operating activities of an economic entity
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Kapshukov A.P. , Kondratkova V.S. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: November 2024

Subject. Finding additional capital for the operational needs of a company is an important task faced by managers and business owners. Funds are usually needed to manage the cash gap, flexibility in unforeseen conditions, and rapid growth in a competitive environment. There are many sources of business finance available, from traditional bank loans to government grants and private investors. Goal. Studying the features of traditional and alternative methods of financing the operating activities of a business entity. Method or methodology. In the course of the work, general scientific methods were used: comparison, analysis, synthesis, analogy. Results of the work. Financing is divided into two groups: internal (own funds) and external (borrowed funds). Internally implies the use of those funds, the sources of which are generated in the process of financial and economic activities of the organization, external - the use of funds coming to the organization from the outside world. Conclusion. External financial sources of financing the operating activities of an enterprise include both traditional and alternative ones. The classic ones include: loan, line of credit, overdraft, leasing, factoring. Alternatives include business angels, venture funds, accelerators, grants, subsidies, crowdfunding. Each source of funding has its own disadvantages and advantages. Therefore, a company, based on its development characteristics, size and other characteristics, can choose the most effective one for it.
Prospects for the use of mechanisms for the functioning of China's special economic zones in Russia
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Kachalova S.M.
Published: November 2024

Subject. The article is devoted to the role of special economic zones (SEZ) in the system of regional development of China and Russia. Goal. The main purpose of the study is to study the possibility of using in the Russian experience of the organization and development of the SEZ those positive trends that have accumulated during the operation of the SEZ of China. Method or methodology. The research is based on a general scientific methodology, which provides for the use of comparative analysis, analysis of available sources, statistical data analysis method, retrospective analysis. Results of the work. Based on the conducted research, we can come to the following conclusions: creating and developing special economic zones, it is necessary to carry out total and permanent control by state bodies, as well as implement a system that allows sharing risks between actors. The trends characteristic of the development of Chinese special economic zones are identified and the prospects for their application in the Russian Federation are evaluated. Conclusions. The analysis shows that it is important for specialists from Russia to keep in mind the differentiation of economic situations, as well as the peculiarities of the development of politics, society and culture in Russia and China. Scrupulous work is required aimed at adapting the Chinese FEZ system to function in the conjunctural conditions of Russia, taking into account the specific conditions and needs of Russian industries and regions, determining priorities for development and implementation of activities. At the same time, it is necessary to create conditions for the use of the principle of openness in the management of the SEZ.
Information policy of the enterprise as a technology for forming information space and managing information flow
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Shamrina I.V. , Zaretsky M.M. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: November 2024

Subject. The economic essence and content of information policy as a balanced mechanism for information management of a company, which makes it possible to increase the openness of the information environment; analyzes the process of forming an information space through the effective use of company information resources under the influence of the development of information technology. Goal. The main goal of the research in this work is a comprehensive study of the information environment, information technologies and information and communication tools of enterprise management policy in the context of digital transformation. Method or methodology. The research is based on general scientific methodology, which involves the use of a systematic approach and general scientific methods of cognition. Results of the work. In the course of the study, the authors of the article tried to resolve the problem of the interdependence of information policy and enterprise strategy by structuring the subject area of information policy, which made it possible to set priorities in solving problems of information support for enterprise management, taking into account competitive advantages and information security of the business. Information policy is considered as a strategic resource that can significantly influence the performance of the enterprise and a clear focus on achieving specific results in the information sphere, as well as correspond to the modern level of information technology in which it operates. Conclusions. During the research process, it was found that in the conditions of global informatization and increasing competition, the success of any enterprise largely depends on the technology of creating a unified information space. This is an important step towards developing an effective information policy focused on the development of enterprise information resources and improving the information and communication infrastructure sector.