bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
effectiveness of normal birth e-module on increasing nursing students’ learning satisfaction
Authors: Jamaludin Hasna Nurul Naafiah , Susanti Raini Diah , Agustina Habsyah Saparidah , Mulyana Aep Maulid
Published: March 2023

Introduction: E-modules are information technology-based modifications of conventional modules. Students learning satisfaction can be used to gauge learning success. Learning satisfaction is the value of comparing the level of reality with the level of expectation in learning. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the normal birth e-module in increasing nursing student learning satisfaction.Methods: Pre-experimental with a one-shot case study design with data from online survey results using the E-Module Satisfaction Questionnaire instrument. The population of this study was 244 active students of the Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, who had completed the maternity course using the normal birth e-module. As many as 46 people were willing to be respondents and fill out the level of learning satisfaction questionnaire. The study samples were determined by G-Power and data analysis using the Pearson Correlation test and the R square test or the Coefficient of Determination.Results: Overall, the level of learning satisfaction of nursing students who use the normal birth e-module is very satisfactory/high, with an average of 4.51% in the range of 4.5 - 5.0. The percentage of the results of the assessment of all respondents was dissatisfied (0.2%), quite satisfied (5%), satisfied (38.7%), and very satisfied (56.1%). However, 2.2% or 1 out of 46 participants reported dissatisfaction with the respondent’s understanding. The coefficient of determination or R square test of 0.876 or 87.6% is in the 0.8 – 0.99 (very effective).Conclusions: The use of the Normal Birth E-Module is very effective as a learning method that can increase the level of learning satisfaction of nursing students.Keywords: e-module; learning satisfaction; normal birth; nursing students
Hospitalized children with COVID-19 confirmed: A pilot study
Authors: Hariati Suni , Erfina  , Nurmaulid  , Kadar Kusrini Semarwati , Andriani  , Hasniar
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The number of children confirmed with COVID-19 in Indonesia remains high compared to other countries (12.2%). 13.6% of all cases are hospitalized in quarantine rooms. This study aims to describe children with confirmed COVID-19 who have been hospitalized in Makassar, Indonesia.Methods: This pilot study was conducted in Makassar City, one of the cities in Indonesia with a high number of COVID-19 cases, in October 2021. A total of 25 children participated through consecutive sampling. This study consisted of children hospitalized in January-August 2021 who had confirmed COVID-19 and were admitted to quarantine or non-quarantine rooms. Inclusion criteria were children under 18 years old and parents who volunteered to complete the questionnaire based on COVID-19 prevention and control guidelines. The questionnaire focused on child and parent characteristics, COVID-19 symptoms, and the number of confirmed cases. Results: Of the 25 children hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19, 76% were hospitalized in quarantine rooms, 72% were boys, and their ages ranged from 0 to 13 years. The average number of siblings was 2.64±1.63, and the average length of hospital stay was 7.88±3.03 days. The most common symptoms were fever (68%), cough (44%), and diarrhea (28%). The majority of children had two symptoms (40%), were confirmed with COVID-19 once (84%), and were hospitalized one time (95%).Conclusions: The main characteristics of hospitalized children with confirmed COVID-19 are non-school age and boys. They have multiple symptoms, and fever is the most common. A holistic approach to treating all children hospitalized with COVID-19 should be taken. This study can be used as a baseline for formulating strategies and guidelines for preventing prolonged effects and treating hospitalized children with COVID-19.Keywords: COVID-19 in children; confirmed children; COVID-19 symptom; hospitalized children
Efek Penggunaan Ekstrak Tanaman Tegari (Dianella Sp) Terhadap Hewan Non Target (Ayam)
Authors: Rahmiyati Rahmiyati , Rosa Helda Orbani , Marsuni Yusriadi
Published: March 2023

Testing the effect of the extract of the plant Tegari (Dianella sp.) on non-target animals was carried out with the aim of knowing the dose that is effective in controlling rats but is still safe if consumed by nontarget animals. This research was conducted from March to April 2022 in Sawang Village, South Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan. The test used four doses, namely 120 grams/liter, 170 grams/liter, 220 grams/liter, and 270 grams/liter with four repetitions and three chickens in one repetition. The results of this study showed that there were still deaths with a percentage of 8.33% and the results of the ANOVA test showed that the effect of using the plant extract at the dose used did not significantly affect the mortality of chickens
Trade-Economic and Scientific-Technical Relations between the USA and the USSR during the Years of Detente (Review of Russian Studies, 1972–2022)
Authors: Yungblyud V. , Ilyin D.
Published: March 2023

Russian historians, political scientists and experts in the field of international relations theory have been developing the topic of interaction between the USSR and the USA in the economic, scientific and technical field during the years of detente in bilateral relations for 50 years. Nevertheless, to date, the experience of working together within the framework of a large-scale research agenda in various fields of science, accumulated by scientists of the two countries, has not been properly evaluated. This review attempts to assess the place of these contacts in the structure of the Soviet-American detente and to characterize the main stages of the evolution in Russian historiography of this problem. An important provision for understanding the specifics of the scientific and technical context of the Soviet-American detente is that the differences in approaches of Moscow and Washington to the formation of bilateral relations as a whole were most clearly manifested in this very direction. The obvious discrepancy between the goals of the parties, as well as their different understanding of the essence of detente as a special state of bilateral relations, led to the fact that its results were limited, and the process itself was short. A cross-cutting, unifying element of Russian research on this topic for almost 50 years has been the fixation on the opened but missed opportunities for scientific and technical cooperation between superpowers during the period of relative warming of relations. This motive does not allow us to explain why, against the background of somewhat inflated expectations of Soviet politicians and intellectuals, American and European contemporaries pointed out the USSR lagging behind in the development and introduction of new technologies into production in the second half of the 1970s, and, as a result, its vulnerable position in the bargaining process. The question is left unanswered as well: should the temporary rise of the U.S.–Soviet economic, scientific and technical cooperation be considered a natural stage in the development of international relations, or was it a historical anomaly, an optional by-product of the Cold War? It is noted that each stage of the development of Russian historiography was associated with the expansion of the source base, however, since the publication of the last major works in the 1990s – early 2000s, access to available documentary resources on this subject has significantly expanded. The authors conclude that new archival documents, as well as the increasing role of high technologies and breakthrough discoveries in the modern foreign policy process, encourage additional study on the problems of bilateral American-Soviet scientific and technological cooperation in the 1970s.
Russia and Western Balkans: Realized and Missed Opportunities in Trade
Authors: Stanojević N.
Published: March 2023

The research quantitatively evaluates non-economic “factor of friendliness” in Russia’s international trade. Based on panel data, the single-country gravity model applied to the imports of the Russian Federation and partner countries that are members of Eurasian integration projects, BRICS, and SCO. The model includes three dummy variables for each of the three associations and a summary variable for any kind of interstate rapprochement. The results show the correctness of the initial assumption about the significant positive impact of any form of integration with Russia on its imports from partner countries, although membership in these associations does not imply customs relief. The application of the model’s obtained coefficients to the Western Balkans countries indicated huge differences in potential exports with and without the factor of rapprochement. Only Serbia realizes a significant part of its export potential on the Russian market, with possibilities for its additional increase. Other countries of the Western Balkans achieve much less export than the potential. The most important groups of export products for each country were investigated, which identified the sectors that would achieve significant benefits from rapprochement with Russia. Given that North Macedonia, Montenegro and Albania were added to the list of enemy countries by introducing sanctions against Russia during the Ukrainian crisis, their chance to improve these sectors independently under privileged conditions was missed for an extended period of time.
ASEAN and the Myanmar Dilemma
Authors: Efremova K.
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the legitimacy of claims for power of the two Myanmar contesting political forces: the current government, formed by the State Administration Council and led by Senior General Min Aung Hlaing, and the government in exile (National Unity Government) formed by the self-established Committee Representing Pyidaungsu Hluttaw and led by Mahn Winn Khaing Thann. It is argued that both governments have limited legitimacy due to incorrect procedures of their formation, though the current government is the only de facto ruling body (and should be treated as such). It has been found that both sides mobilize their supporters inside Myanmar who use practically identical methods such as positioning themselves as the only saviours for the nation, daemonising and de-humanising political opponents, intimidating local population who supports the opposite side, murdering political opponents (sometimes with their families), mass killing of civilians during terrorist attacks / antiterrorist raids, destroying critically important infrastructure, and seeking for international political recognition. All these findings lead us to conclude that ASEAN would not openly recognize any of these governments in order not to legitimize them, but will take steps towards holding a fair competitive parliamentary election in Myanmar, with both sides having the opportunity to secure people’s support and gain their votes.
Consumers Perception of Arak Ego Pala
Authors: Fatnasari Anjani , Sadyasmara Cokorda Anom Bayu , Satriawan I Ketut
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, Balinese liquor called “Arak'' has been traded conventionally and on an industrial scale. Balinese Arak can be developed into a product that has a higher value by combining it with local commodities such as spices, that bring a touch characteristic of local products. Arak EGO Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) is one of the mainstay commodities in Indonesia, especially Bali. The unique aroma and taste of nutmeg combined with the taste of Balinese liquor “Arak” can be a new innovation in a product development to supporting Balinese tourism which can provide new experiences for connoisseurs of traditional local spirit. Arak EGO is one of the brands that developed Arak with Arak EGO Pala flavour. The purpose of this research were to: (1) identify the liquor attributes that are considered important by consumers (2) determine the level of consumer perception of Arak EGO Pala and (3) determine the attributes that need to get priority to improve their performance based on consumer assessment. The research conducted in Badung Regency which consisted of a survey consisted of several stages, namely initial initiation, data collection, tabulation and data analysis. Data obtained using questionnaires and interviews. Respondents in this study were as many as 200 people. The number of respondents was obtained using the Lemeshow method. The data obtained was tabulated using Microsoft Excel, then analyzed using the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method. Based on the research results it is known that there are 5 out of 12 attributes that are considered important by consumers. Consumer perceptions of Arak EGO Pala are good with a percentage of Tki of 90.32%. Attributes that need to be improved are mouthfeel, primary taste, aftertaste price, and nasal. Overall, Arak EGO Pala is well received by both domestic and foreign consumers. This research has provided positive information for development and sustainability of Balinese liquor “Arak” as a superior local product.
Detection of Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Isolates in Raw Materials of Some Indian Medicinal Plants
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Kumari Sanyogita
Published: March 2023

Raw materials of six medicinal plant species viz. Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC), Acorus calamus (L.), Rauvolfia serpentina (L.), Holarrhena antidysenterica (Roth.), Withania somnifera (L.) and Boerhaavia diffusa (L.) procured from herbal drug market were subjected to their mould profile. During mycoflora analysis, 906 fungal isolates were recorded from the raw materials. The least number of fungal isolates (96) were detected from T. arjuna while highest (217) from B. diffusa. The genus Aspergillus was found to be most dominant encountered in all the samples, followed by Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium italicum and Trichoderma viride. The highest percent relative density was recorded in case of Aspergillus flavus (37.19) followed by A. niger (23.84) and C. herbarum (11.81) while the lowest was found in case of A. nidulans (0.55). Some of the A. flavus isolates were toxigenic secreting aflatoxin B1. Highest content of aflatoxin B1 (272.46 µg/kg) was recorded by A. flavus isolated from B. diffusa while least aflatoxin B1 production (194.62 µg/kg) from H. antidysenterica. The survey reveals that the contamination of herbal drugs with storage fungi and mycotoxin is alarming and appropriate quality control measures should be taken urgently.
Distribution of DTPA-Extractable Micronutrients and their Relationship with Some Soil Properties in the Soils of Jharsuguda District, Odisha, India
Authors: Kumar Jena Nirmal , Mishra Antaryami , Mahapatra Amitabh , Tripathy Mamata
Published: March 2023

A total of 528 surface soil (0–15 cm) samples, collected from eighty-eight representative villages of all the five blocks of Jharsuguda district in Odisha, were analyzed for distribution of DTPA-extractable Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn and water soluble Boron and to establish their relationship with some soil properties. Based on fertility ratings, pH of soil samples were recorded as extremely acidic to slightly acidic in soil reaction (4.1 – 6.7). Electrical conductivity of the entire study area was found to be normal (< 1 dSm-1). The soil organic carbon was recorded as very low to high (0.09 -1.87%). As per the prescribed critical limits (4.5 mg Fe kg -1), (2 mg Mn kg -1), (0.2 mg Cu kg -1), (0.6 mg Zn kg -1) and (0.5 mg B kg -1 of soil), all the soil samples were found to be adequate in Fe (14.32 – 391.06 mg kg -1), Mn (16.12 – 389.80 mg kg -1) and Cu (0.24 – 4.80 mg kg -1) except 16.85% and 73.1% of them were recorded as deficient in Zn (0.28 – 6.94 mg kg -1) and B (0.13 – 1.06 mg kg -1) content respectively. The organic carbon content was observed to have positive and significant correlations with extractable iron (r=0.40**), manganese (r=0.28**), copper (r=0.95**) zinc (r=00.9**) and with water soluble boron (r=0) indicated that no correlation between these two parameters being compared. The soil pH showed a negative and non-significant correlation with extractable iron (r= -0.034), copper (r=-0.04), and zinc (r=-0.03), positive and non-significant correlation with manganese (r=0.042) but positive and significant correlation with boron (r= 0.11*).
Physicochemical Study of Secondary Metabolites of Medicinally Important Fungi
Authors: Singh Ravi Kumar
Published: March 2023

Enormous metabolic versatility and richness of secondary metabolism is one of the most characteristic traits of fungi. These secondary metabolites are importantly required during various physiological processes, such as to combat the immune system, to acquire essential micronutrients, to compete in the environment and hosts, and pathogenicity. The fungal secondary metabolites are of diverse nature in chemical structures and biological activities. The functional efficiency of these secondary metabolites depends on physicochemical properties of the molecules. The physicochemical properties of fungal secondary metabolites were calculated and analysed to study its relation with functions and biological role. The analyses suggest varied pattern of correlation between molar refractivity, topological polar surface area and water solubility of secondary metabolites. Based on overall result it has inferred that the above characteristic physicochemical parameters may provide the chemical characteristics and functional specificity of a secondary metabolite.
Influence of Urea Sprays on Growth and Yield of Herbage Amaranthus (Amaranthus spp)
Authors: R. Birari Tushar , Patil Shubhangi , Badgujar H. C. , Patil S. S.
Published: March 2023

The field experiment was conducted to evaluated varietal response of urea foliar sprays on growth and yield of leafy amaranthus, there were two varieties (Cv.Suvarna and Cv.Phule Kartiki) with three concentration of urea sprayings along with water spray and control. Thus in all ten treatment combinations were replicated thrice in FRBD in winter season at Oilseeds Research Station, Jalgaon of Maharashtra State. Among the varieties studied, maximum yield of 148.93 q/ha was recorded by Cv.Suvarna than the Cv.Phule Kartiki (124.35q). Among the urea spraying treatments, the treatment of spraying 0.75 % urea was found more beneficial than the rest of spray treatments studied and the control it recorded yield of 152.66 q/ha. Among the interactions, the superior treatment combination was Cv.Suvarna + 0.75 % urea spraying and it resulted highest yield of 166.44q/ha of leaf amaranthus.
Antioxidant Test and Flavonoids Determination of Tuber Pakis Kinca (Nephrolepis cordifolia (L) C. Presl)
Authors:   Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Hadi Samsul , Subekti Arif , Khairunnisa Amalia
Published: March 2023

One of the things that causes cell damage in the body is the formation of unpaired electrons, also known as free radicals, which can cause oxidative stress. Excessive oxidative stress is not maintained by the body's natural antioxidants, so natural antioxidants are needed from outside. One of the plants suspected of having antioxidant abilities is Pakis kinca. So, the aim of this study was to determine the levels of flavonoids and antioxidant abilities in the tuber of N. cordifoli. Therefore, the method used to determine flavonoids is by reacting with AlCl3 and reading by UV-vis spectrophotometry, while reacting antioxidants with DPPH using spectrophotometry. The results of the flavonoid test were 3.119 ± 0.09 w/w equivalent to quercetin, from this equation the flavonoid content in the range of the equation was obtained. The results of the antioxidant test obtained the mean value of antioxidants was 93.898 ± 0.923. The conclusion obtained is that the antioxidant IC50 value of tuber extract N. cordifolia is a strong category with a total flavonoid content of 3.119 ± 0.091 w/w equivalent to quercetin.
The Effect of Pineapple Leaf Fiber Addition to Mechanical and Thermal Characteristics of Sago Starch Based Biofoam with Thermopressing Method
Authors:   Universitas Malikussaleh, Dewi Rozanna , Sylvia Novi , Zulnazri Zulnazri , Riza Medyan
Published: March 2023

Biofoam can be used as an alternative packaging to Styrofoam. Biofoam made from starch and cellulose fibers has biodegradable properties. In this study used pineapple leaf fiber as an additive to strenghen on mechanical properties of biofoam. The research method consists of several stages, cooking pineapple leaf fiber, biofoam preparation, and testing phase on the resulting biofoam. The mechanical characteristics test of biofoam is a tensile strength test of 1.66-2.86 Mpa. Compound composition test through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) is hydrophilic which binds to water so that it is easily degraded by soil, thermal characteristics with DSC thermogram test of pineapple leaf fiber biofoam sample 15 gr shows at a temperature of 98.04 °C occurs peak thermogram showing physical changes. TGA analysis showed that biofoam has good thermal stability. In the morphology of biofoam visible white lumps and grooves on the surface that shows the solubility is not too perfect due to the influence of stirring time.
Characterization of Zeolite ZSM-5 Synthesized from Kaolin and TPABr Using X-Ray Diffraction and Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Madura, Hamid Abdul , Rohmah aizatur , Purbaningtias Tri Esti , Abdullah Mohammad
Published: March 2023

Kaolin with alumina and silica content is used as the main material in this research to study the synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite. The hydrothermal process was carried out through different aging times, namely 12, 24 and 36 hours. Tetrapropyl ammonium bromide (TPABr) was used as a template for the Mobile Five-1 (MFI) structure guide. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) instruments were used to characterize the ZSM-5 zeolite formed from the synthesis results. This was done to identify the phase change from kaolin to zeolite ZSM-5. The results of the analysis using XRD for all samples showed a characteristic peak of the ZSM-5 zeolite at 2θ around 7.88°; 8.72° ;23.09°; 23.84° and 24.32°. However, samples with an aging time of 12 hours also showed peaks at 2θ around 15.84° and 26.03° which indicated an analsim phase. The absorption bands from the FTIR characterization for all samples are seen at wave numbers around 453, 542, 793, 1088 and 1221 cm−1 which are the characteristic peak points of ZSM-5 zeolite. The longer the aging time indicates that the crystallinity of the ZSM-5 zeolite is increasing. The highest crystallinity was obtained from ZSM-5 zeolite samples which were aged for 36 hours. This indicates an increasing number of ZSM-5 crystal nuclei with high purity because there is no other phase besides the ZSM-5 phase.
Glass tube-coated TiO2 nanostructure for degradation of methylene blue: an experimental and design of column photocatalytic reactor
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Hidayat Rahmat , Fadillah Ganjar , Ohira Shin-Ichi
Published: March 2023

This work presents the successfully of TiO2 nanostructure synthesis using manual grinding combined hydrothermal method for photocatalyst. XRD confirmed that TiO2 was arranged by anatase and rutile phase with crystal size of 18.54 nm. Characterization of digital microscope shows the spread of catalyst on the glass tube surface, which can be observed furthermore using interactive 3D surface plot. Band gap energy determination from UV-Vis spectroscopy scanning shows the minimum energy that is required to facilitate electron-hole generated. In 20 min of irradiation, TiO2 existence can completely decompose MB (100%) that can be presented by TiO2 absence. Degradation of MB is higher effective in acidic condition which optimum pH of 5. Using first order reaction, glass tube-coated TiO2 has rate constant of 0.2102 min-1, 1.5 times faster than bare glass tube. This enhancement proves that the designed reactor has good prospect for organic pollutant treatment. Moreover, compared with other reported study, this system provides relatively more effective of MB photodegradation.
Synthesis of Ni doped-TiO2 Thin Film Photocatalysts on Glass Surfaces
Authors:   Universitas Tanjangpura, Harunrasjid Margareta Caroline , Aritonang Anthoni Batahan , Wibowo M. Agus , Ardiningsih Puji , Adhitiyawarman Adhitiyawarman
Published: March 2023

Thin film of TiO2 modified Ni2+ cationic (Ni doped-TiO2) thin films were synthesized from titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) and Ni(NO3)2.6H2O using the combined sol-gel and dip coating method followed by calcination at 500oC for an hour. This study aims to determine the concentration of Ni2+ and the optimum number of layers for application as self-cleaning. Frontier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometric analysis observed a shift in the vibration absorption peak of Ti-O towards a smaller wave number as an indication that the Ni2+ cationic have incorporated in the TiO2matrix in forming Ni-TiO2. Based on the of x-ray diffraction (XRD) it is known that Ni-TiO2 has anatase crystalline phase with a crystallite size of 149.20 nm. Diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible (DRSUV-Vis) spectrophotometry showed a decrease in the bandgap energy (3.2 eV to 2.22 eV). Surface morphological by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) method showed that the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) resulted in a more homogeneous distribution of particles than thin films without PEG. The self-cleaning activity of Ni-TiO2 was tested for surface hydrophilic properties by measuring the contact angle of water and oil droplets under visible light illumination.
How to Improve the Swiftlet House Business in Thailand: Guidelines for Legislators and Policymakers
Authors: Ammartsena Amonrat , Ditthapan Sinittha
Published: March 2023

This article explores the results of a study on the improvement of the swiftlet house business with the goal of making appropriate legal measures for it. Area surveys, focus groups, and in-depth semi-structured interviews were among the data collection methods used. Swiftlet house entrepreneurs; central and local government officials; and citizens surrounding swiftlet houses significantly contributed to the research. Currently, the swiftlet house business is still illegal in Thailand because swiftlets are considered protected wildlife – protected by the Wildlife Preservation and Protection Act B. E. 2562 (2019). Additionally, it is not permitted to collect, damage, or occupy swiftlet nests without appropriate legal authority to do so. Moreover, there is still no legislation that specifically applies to the swiftlet house business. This study can guide the Thai Government and local governments to develop appropriate laws to govern the swiftlet house industry in Thailand.
PENGARUH PEMANASAN BAHAN BAKAR MELALUI PIPA TEMBAGA BERSIRIP RADIAL DI DALAM UPPER TANK RADIATOR DAN PENAMBAHAN ETANOL PADA BAHAN BAKAR TERHADAP KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR
Authors: Arianto Ivan , Wijayanto Danar Susilo , Rohman Ngatao
Published: March 2023

This research aims to test: (1) to know the effect of fuel heating through radial finned pipe in upper tank radiator to fuel consumption of Suzuki APV car, (2) to know the effect of ethanol addition on fuel of gas type pertalite to fuel consumption of Suzuki car APV, and (3) know the effect of fuel heating through radially finned pipes inside the upper tank radiator and the addition of ethanol to the fuel to the fuel consumption of Suzuki APV cars.This research uses experimental method with comparative descriptive data analysis. The research sample used is Suzuki APV with machine number G15A1D100006. Data obtained from the amount of fuel consumption in one minute at idle cycle with variation of percentage of mixed pertalite and ethanol 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% using the method without heating fuel and using heating Fuel radial finned capillary pipes within the upper tank radiator. The data obtained from the research results are inserted into the table and displayed in graphical form, then analyzed.The results of this research is: (1) the use of fuel heating using radially finned pipe in the upper tank radiator increases fuel consumption in Suzuki APV engines. The highest increase in fuel consumption on fuel heating using radially finned pipes with a spacing of 10 mm fin without ethanol mixture of 81.67 ml / min. Difference of consumption is 20 ml / min or 32.4% of standard state consumption,(2) the addition of ethanol in gasoline can reduce the fuel consumption of Suzuki APV cars. The variation of ethanol addition to the most economical fuel when adding 20% ethanol content of 51.67 ml / min. Difference in consumption 10 ml / min or 16.21% of standard state consumption, (3) the addition of ethanol to fuel and heating fuel decreases fuel consumption on Suzuki APV engines. The largest decrease in consumption at 20% ethanol content and no fuel heating of 51.67 ml / min. Decrease in consumption by 10 ml / min or as much as 16.21% of fuel consumption in the standard state.
STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL UAP KARBURATOR MENGGUNAKAN METODE KOMBINASI BUBBLING DAN METODE SPLASH DENGAN VARIASI BAHAN BAKAR PADA EMISI GAS BAKAR SEPEDA MOTOR SUPRA X
Authors: Irawan Dimas Adi , Ranto Ranto , Rohman Ngatou
Published: March 2023

The use of a steam carburetor is one way to reduce exhaust gas emissions where it works by mixing fuel and air in the room with an evaporation process so that the air and fuel mixture is more homogeneous. This study aims to see (1) the effect of using a steam carburetor on exhaust gases on a Supra X motorcycle; (2) the effect of using variations in exhaust gas emissions on the Supra X motorcycle; (3) the effect of using steam carburetors and fuel variations on the exhaust emissions of the Supra X motorbike. This research is a research, quantitative, descriptive, comparative, with experimental methods. The research used the 2x2 method which consists of independent variables using steam and conventional carburetors as well as variations of pertalite (RON 90) and pertamax (RON92) fuel. Exhaust gas emission testing is guided by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) with three repetitions, for 20 seconds times the test The results of the study are as follows: First, the use of a steam carburetor produces lower exhaust emissions compared to conventional carburetors on a 100cc Supra X motorcycle. Second, pertalite fuel (RON 90) produces lower exhaust emissions compared to Pertamax fuel (RON 92). Third, the effect of using the type of carburetor and the type of fuel that produces the lowest exhaust emission, namely the steam carburetor using the combined splash and bubbling method with pertalite fuel with an average of 0.52% CO and 273.67ppm HC.

 
Mercado de trabajo y pandemia en España: una geografía de los ERTEs
Authors: Méndez Ricardo , Sánchez-Moral Simón
Published: March 2023

Los Expedientes de Regulación Temporal de Empleo (ERTEs) se han convertido en un instrumento clave del ajuste laboral en España asociado a la crisis pandémica. El objetivo es valorar su impacto sobre el mercado de trabajo, estudiando su importancia según actividades y territorios, aspectos apenas trabajados en la literatura existente. Para ello, se analiza la información del Ministerio de Inclusión, Seguridad Social y Migraciones y se calculan tasas de cobertura sectoriales y provinciales. Los resultados confirman que los ERTEs han permitido amortiguar el impacto de esta crisis, a diferencia de lo ocurrido en la crisis financiera de 2008, en donde la aplicación de políticas neoliberales de austeridad provocó un elevado coste social. De este modo, allí donde se ha alcanzado un mayor nivel de cobertura, se observa el comportamiento “reactivo” de muchas provincias turísticas del litoral mediterráneo, además de Madrid y Barcelona. Estas provincias se vieron más afectadas al estallar la pandemia, pero también han logrado una rápida recuperación. Esto contrasta con el comportamiento más “vulnerable” de provincias industriales del norte del país, afectadas por la reducción de la demanda o por los problemas en las cadenas globales de producción, y donde el grado de cobertura de este instrumento ha sido menor.
Membrane Loader for the Reverse Osmosis (RO) Membrane Replacement at Seqwater’s Gold Coast Desalination Plant
Authors: Jo Jonathan , van der Zouwen Hans
Published: March 2023

Although the Reverse Osmosis (RO) membranes at Gold Coast Desalination Plant (GCDP) aged considerably well since plant commissioning and were still suitable to produce drinking water, deterioration of the performance had been observed, particularly Salt Passage. The global RO market also had supply outstripped by demand which consequently extended delivery times. Based on the volatile market condition and the revised operational forecast due to drought response operations and baseline network requirements at the time, GCD Alliance expedited the replacement program and initiated a full replacement of the RO membranes at GCDP.
Manejo de residuos sólidos en mercados de abastos
Authors:   , Zavaleta Peña Phicenia Meryl
Published: March 2023

Manejo de residuos sólidos en mercados de abastos Phicenia Meryl Zavaleta Peña 77141535 0000-0002-1461-4076 La gestión de los residuos sólidos ha prevalecido bajo el enfoque de “recolección y disposición final” dejando de lado el aprovechamiento y tratamiento de los residuos, así como la disposición final adecuada. En el presente artículo se pretende informar sobre la gestión de residuos sólidos en el ámbito municipal a nivel mundial, así como evaluar específicamente la gestión de los residuos generados en los mercados de abastos de América Latina, por ello en esta revisión presentamos los principales programas implementados en los estudios que buscan optimizar la gestión de residuos sólidos en los mercados de abastos latinoamericanos, descubriendo que a pesar de que las municipalidades tienen la responsabilidad de contribuir con el fortalecimiento del manejo de estos residuos comerciales, su participación ha sido casi nula.
Eficacia de células madre en el tratamiento de defectos óseos en implantología oral: una revisión de la literatura
Authors:   , Miranda Barrueto Raúl Josué
Published: March 2023

El éxito de la terapia con implantes dentales requiere la presencia de contacto directo de hueso a implante después de la curación y, a largo plazo, el mantenimiento de la osteointegración con una pérdida ósea mínima a lo largo del tiempo. Sin embargo, es común encontrar situaciones clínicas desafiantes donde hay una cantidad insuficiente de hueso debido a defectos óseos alrededor de los implantes inmediatos, ancho de cresta alveolar insuficiente y defectos resultantes de lesiones periimplantarias. Si bien se han utilizado diferentes materiales de injerto ósea, durante el tratamiento de los defectos mencionados; estos se caracterizan por presentar limitaciones en su potencial regenerativo. Es así, que la medicina regenerativa, ha captado una especial atención en los últimos años; principalmente, el uso de las células madre en la formación de tejidos; así como, el uso de andamios como estructura tridimensional representan una estrategia óptima para el éxito de la terapia clínica. En consecuencia, las células madre y sus combinaciones con otros biomateriales representan una alternativa prometedora a los injertos óseos en el tratamiento de defectos óseos en implantología; por lo cual, el propósito de esta revisión abordar la literatura acerca de la eficacia de las células madre en el tratamiento de los defectos óseos en implantología, así como, sus implicancias clínicas.
Efecto de la suplementación de ácidos orgánicos sobre parámetros productivos en cuyes de recría en un sistema de crianza intensiva en Cerro Azul, Lima
Authors:   , Egocheaga Espichan Felix Jacob
Published: March 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la suplementación de ácidos orgánicos sobre parámetros productivos en cuyes (Cavia porcellus) de recría en sistema de crianza intensiva ubicada en Cerro Azul, Lima. Se utilizaron 60 jaulas con 11 animales en cada jaula, y se dividieron en 4 grupos de tratamiento (15 jaulas por grupo de tratamiento), además cada grupo de tratamiento se dividió en subgrupos (5 jaulas por subgrupo) para la evaluación por 5, 10 y 15 días por recomendación del laboratorio. La dosificación para cada tratamiento fue la siguiente: T1:1 mL del producto diluido en 1L de agua, T2: 2 mL del producto diluido en 1L de agua, T3: 4mL del producto diluido en 1L de agua y control sin dosificación. Las variables evaluadas en este estudio fueron ganancia de peso, consumo de alimento, índice de conversión alimenticia y porcentaje de mortalidad. Sé encontró que el T3 a 10 días de evaluación alcanzó el mayor valor en cuanto ganancia de peso (602.5 g), uno de los menores valores en cuanto al consumo de alimento (640 g) y porcentaje de mortalidad (8.7 %). En cuanto a consumo de alimento y ganancia de peso se encontró diferencia estadística significativa (p<0.05). Se concluye que la suplementación con ácidos orgánicos con T3 (4mL/L) a 10 días de evaluación mejoró significativamente la ganancia de peso, disminuyó tanto el consumo de alimento y el porcentaje de mortalidad en cuyes de recría.
Relación entre síntomas depresivos y deterioro de la calidad de vida en futbolistas
Authors:   , Maguiña Figueroa Laura Samantha , Silva Barboza César Stefano
Published: March 2023

Actualmente se estima que la depresión afecta a unos 264 millones de personas a nivel mundial, existen distintos factores que se relacionan con esta enfermedad, entre ellas están: las relaciones interpersonales, nivel de la calidad de vida, perdida de autonomía, entre otros. En los últimos años el fútbol ha ocupado un lugar importante en nuestra sociedad, poniendo altas expectativas en nuestros representantes. Esto ha generado que el fútbol sea una profesión con muchas exigencias y presión constante, ocasionando que la calidad de vida de los deportistas peruanos se vea afectada. Por lo que, consideramos importante conocer la prevalencia de signos de depresión, ansiedad o la enfermedad en sí, en los deportistas. De esta manera se pueden crear herramientas psicológicas que contribuyan con mejorar su calidad de vida y, por ende, obtener resultados positivos como federación, pero sobre todo brindarles el bienestar psicológico que necesitan para tener una alta calidad de vida y adecuado desempeño laborar. Objetivo: Identificar la relación entre calidad de vida y síntomas depresivos en futbolistas. Métodos: Diseño de tipo observacional, analítico, retrospectivo. Se estudiarán a los deportistas inscritos en la Federación Peruana de Fútbol, se incluirán a todas las categorías de la primera división de fútbol Lima - Perú. Este es un análisis secundario del estudio “Diagnóstico situacional de salud física, mental, nutricional y social de futbolistas”. Se incluyeron los datos de 168 deportistas. Resultados: De un total de 168 participantes, 54.8% tienen calidad de vida pobre y 17.3% tuvieron depresión según la escala CESD-7, En el análisis bivariado, el consumo de cigarrillos se relacionó en un 8.7% a calidad de vida baja y el consumo de alcohol se relacionó en 31.5%.
Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic impact on healthcare professional delivery of opportunistic behaviour change interventions: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Keyworth Chris , Conner Mark , Johnson Judith , Epton Tracy , Vogt Katharina Sophie , Armitage Christopher J.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND
The public health policy “Making Every Contact Count” (MECC) compels healthcare professionals to deliver behaviour change interventions during routine consultations. The COVID-19 pandemic and its mitigations have stretched services, yet supporting people to modify health behaviours is more important now than when the policy was introduced. The present study aims to: (a) examine changes in healthcare professionals’ awareness of, and engagement with the policy over a five-year period, (b) examine the psychosocial drivers associated with delivering behaviour change interventions, and (c) identify targets to increase healthcare professionals’ delivery of interventions.
METHODS
Comparison of data from two independent representative surveys of NHS healthcare professionals working in the UK. In both surveys (July-September 2017; N = 1387, and February-March 2022; N = 1008), participants were asked to report: (1) awareness of the MECC policy, (2) the prevalence of MECC-related practice (perceived patient benefit, how often interventions were delivered, and time spent delivering interventions), and (3) perceptions of capabilities, opportunities and motivations to deliver behaviour change interventions. T- tests (independent-samples), MANOVA, multiple linear regression, and chi-square analyses were used to generate comparisons between the surveys.
RESULTS
Awareness of the policy increased from 2017 (31.4%) to 2022 (52.0%). However, in 2022 compared with 2017, healthcare professionals reported (a) fewer patients would benefit from behaviour change interventions (49.1% versus 55.9%), (b) they delivered behaviour change interventions to a lower proportion of patients (38.0% versus 50.0%), and (c) they spent a lower proportion of the consultation time delivering interventions (26.5% versus 35.3%). Further, in 2022, compared with 2017, healthcare professionals reported fewer physical opportunities, fewer social opportunities, and fewer psychological capabilities to deliver behaviour change interventions. In the 2022 survey, perceptions of patient benefit and delivery of interventions was associated with greater perceptions of opportunities and motivations.
CONCLUSIONS
Health behaviour change interventions are crucial to avert an impending public health crisis following COVID-19, however reported engagement with MECC-related practices appears to have reduced over time. Future research should consider how healthcare professionals identify patients who might benefit from opportunistic behaviour change interventions, and to increase capabilities, opportunities, and motivations to deliver interventions during routine consultations.
Software Effort Estimation using Base Ensembled Regression Techniques and Principal Components Regression as Super Learner
Authors: G Priya Varshini A , K Anitha Kumari
Published: March 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Chained Packets for Multimedia Random Access in Next Generation Internet of Things
Authors: Woo Tai-Kuo , Fu Chen-Hua
Published: March 2023

Multimedia IoT has become a new megatrend foreseen to impact many application areas. Random access is the major bottleneck for achieving the goal of being real-time. In this paper, we propose chained packet based multichannel architecture for random access, where the selection of a time slot/channel pair is based on Finite Projective Plane and random numbers and the packets of transmitting nodes are formed as a chain through logical XOR operations with adjacent packets. To retrieve packets in collision time slots, the packets involved in a collision time slot are extracted one by one using the neighboring singleton packet. Retrieving collision time slots not only increases the throughput but also improves the quality of service. However, the collision time slots that form a closed loop in the chained packet transmission cannot be resolved. We analyze the throughput of the chained packet approach in comparison to the plain packet approach and perform simulation runs for verification. The chained packet transmission is well suited for moderate to heavy load and the number of channels is rather limited.The results of analysis and simulation runs show that the improvement in throughput is up to 50 percent using chained packet transmission.
Individual- and Neighborhood-Level Characteristics of Lung Cancer Screening Participants Undergoing Telemedicine Shared Decision Making
Authors: Shusted Christine , Juon Hee-Soon , Ruane Brooke , Till Brian , Zeigler-Johnson Charnita , McIntire Russell K. , Grenda Tyler , Okusanya Olugbenga , Evans Nathaniel R. , Kane Gregory C. , Barta Julie A.
Published: March 2023

Background: Although lung cancer screening (LCS) for high-risk individuals reduces lung cancer mortality in clinical trial settings, many questions remain about how to implement high-quality LCS in real-world programs. With the increasing use of telemedicine in healthcare, studies examining this approach in the context of LCS are urgently needed. We aimed to identify sociodemographic and other factors associated with screening completion among individuals undergoing telemedicine LCS.
Methods: This retrospective study examined patients who completed Shared Decision Making (SDM) via telemedicine between May 4, 2020 – March 18, 2021 in a centralized LCS program. Individuals were categorized into Complete Screening vs. Incomplete Screening subgroups based on the status of subsequent LDCT completion. A multi-level, multivariate model was constructed to identify factors associated with incomplete screening.
Results: Among individuals undergoing telemedicine SDM during the study period, 20.6% did not complete a LDCT scan. Bivariate analysis demonstrated that Black/African-American race, Medicaid insurance status, and new patient type were associated with greater odds of incomplete screening. On multi-level, multivariate analysis, individuals who were new patients undergoing baseline LDCT or resided in a census tract with a high level of socioeconomic deprivation had significantly higher odds of incomplete screening. Individuals with a greater level of education experienced lower odds of incomplete screening.
Conclusions: Among high-risk individuals undergoing telemedicine SDM for LCS, predictors of incomplete screening included low education, high neighborhood-level deprivation, and new patient type. Future research should focus on testing implementation strategies to improve LDCT completion rates while leveraging telemedicine for high-quality LCS.
ROCK inhibitor inhibits the growth and migration of oral squamous cell carcinoma via up-regulated autophagy by suppressing AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Wen Jie , Ma Li , Zu Tingjian , Wang Na , Zhang Tianqi , Liang Jin , Sun Yunhan , Zhang Yulei , Liu Rui , Zhang Shizhou , Wu Yihua
Published: March 2023

Background
Rho-associated protein kinase(ROCK) plays important roles in cell proliferation and migration, depending on cancer types. ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 was referred as a potential immunotherapy strategy for cancer treatment. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains one of the most aggressive oral carcinoma types. Y-27632 was shown to block the growth, migration and invasion of Cal27 cells, but no detailed studies of underlying mechanisms have been reported.
Methods
In this study we explored the effect of Y27632 on OSCC (Cal27, SCC4, SCC9) by comparing with and without Y27632 treatment in vitro and in vivo. And further investigations were done to reveal the expression of AKT/mTOR pathway by Biochemical assays, additionally AKT activator (SC79) or mTOR activator (3BDO) was utilized to evaluate the roles of AKT/mTOR pathway in Y27632-induced tumor suppression.
Results
Our data showed Y-27632 had a strong inhibitory activity against OSCC (Cal27, SCC4, SCC9). In vivo assays confirmed that Y-27632 suppressed OSCC growth by reducing cell proliferation, and importantly Y-27632 did not have any evident toxicity on normal tissues. Biochemical assays demonstrated that Y-27632 inactivated the AKT/mTOR pathway, and treatment with SC79 or 3BDO, respectively AKT and mTOR activator rescued the cell growth and migration inhibition elicited by Y-27632. Further investigations revealed that Y-27632 could enhance cell autophagy by suppressing AKT/mTOR pathway.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that Y-27632 significantly suppressed the AKT/mTOR pathway to promote cell autophagy to inhibit OSCC growth, providing a potential therapeutic drug for OSCC treatment in the future.