bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID -19-ҒА БАЙЛАНЫСТЫ ЖҰМЫССЫЗДЫҚТЫҢ ӨСУІ ЖАҒДАЙЫНДА ҚР ХАЛҚЫНЫҢ ТАБЫСТАРЫН ТАЛДАУ
Authors:   М. Əуезов атындағыОҚМУ, Шымкент, Қазақстан, Бекназаров Б.Д. ,   e-mail: bakyt.80@mail.ru, Ағабеков А.Ю. ,   Silkway Халықаралықуниверситеті, Шымкент, Қазақстан, Туралина С.М. ,   Silkway Халықаралықуниверситеті, Шымкент, Қазақстан, Жармаханбетов Н.С. ,   Silkway Халықаралықуниверситеті, Шымкент, Қазақстан
Published: April 2021

Бұлмақалада COVID-19 пандемиясына қарсы іс-шаралар жүргізу нəтижеінде жұмыссыздықтың артуы жəне мемлекет тарапынан халықты жұмыспен қамту мəселелеріне байланысты жүргізіліп жатқан жұмыстарға талдау жасалған. Жұмыссыздықтың артуы мен халық табыстарының деңгейі төмендеуі анықталып, оны реттеу барысындағы тұрғындарға жəне шағын жəне орта бизнеске мемлекеттік қолдау көрсетудің тиімділігін арттыру мəселелері қарастырылған. Кез келген қоғамның ең өзекті əлеуметтік-экономикалық мəселелерінің қатарына жұмыссыздықты жатқызуға болады. Жұмыссыздық мемлекеттің ең басты өндіруші күші – жұмыс күшінің – толықтай тиімді пайдаланылмауына жəне, соның нəтижесі ретінде, əлеуетті жалпы ұлттық өнімнің едəуір қысқаруы жағдайлары қарастырылған. Сонымен қатар, мемлекеттің өндіріске жұмсауға мүмкіндігі бар шығындарын жұмыссыздық бойынша жəрдемақылар төлеу, жұмыссыздарды қайта кəсіби оқыту мен оларды жұмысқа орналастыруға қаражат жұмсау арқылы елдің ұлттық табысының төмендеуіне ықпал етендік тұстары талданды. Əлеуетті жұмыс күші ресурстарын толықтай пайдалана алмау нəтижесінде экономикалық жүйе өзінің өндірістік мүмкіншілік шеңберінен төмен қалып, экономикалық өсу мақсатын кейінге қалу жағдайлары келтірілген.
АНАЛИЗ И ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ БЮДЖЕТНО-НАЛОГОВОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В СИСТЕМЕ МЕЖБЮДЖЕТНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН
Authors:   Алматы Менеджмент Университет, Алматы, Казахстан, Кененова К.А. ,   e-mail: kkenen@mail.ru
Published: April 2021

В данной статье рассмотрены цели, уровни и инструменты налогово-бюджетной политики государства и их взаимосвязь, а также изучены факторы, влияющие на эффективность бюджетноналоговой политики государства. Для определения количественных значений эффективности налоговобюджетной политики страны рассмотрены такие методы, как определение величины налоговой нагрузки, оценка эффективности затрат бюджетных средств, приведены расчеты данных параметров применительно к условиям Республики Казахстан. С целью снижения нагрузки на бюджет рекомендуется сокращение прямого финансирования реального сектора экономики, отдавая предпочтение стимулированию рыночных инструментов развития.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE SECURITIES MARKET DEVELOPMENT: DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Dabyltaeva N.E. , Galymzhan D.E. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; e-mail: dana_9716@mail.ru
Published: April 2021

The securities market is considered as a part of the financial market. Today, the securities market has become the main object of research for many economists and scientists. One of the main reasons for this trend is that in the context of globalization of the world's economies, the main tool for the development of the financial sector of the state's economy is the development of the securities market. As a result of the modern process of globalization, the financial markets of States are becoming closer and more dependent on each other. The formation and organization of the securities market of the Republic of Kazakhstan began after the country gained its sovereignty. One of the main features of the formation of the domestic securities market during this period is the use of foreign experience of developed countries by the state
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ СУЩЕСТВУЮЩИХ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ СЛОВАРЕЙ
Authors:   Aлматинская академия экономики и статистики, Алматы, Казахстан, Мадьярова Г.А. , Байсалбаева К.Н. ,   Aлматинская академия экономики и статистики, Алматы, Казахстан; e-mail:k.bais@mail.ru, Ибрайымкызы А. ,   Кыргызская академия образования, Бишкек, Кырзызстан
Published: April 2021

Авторами исследуются терминологии, относящейся к информационным технологиям. Исходя из потребности специальных терминологических, толковых и электронных словарей на казахском языке авторы описывают этапы разработки англо-русско-казахского словаря часто используемых ИТтерминов с использованием речевых технологий. А также в статье рассматриваются самые распространенные электронные словари и производится сравнительный анализ их. Для сравнения электронных словарей и оценки качества переводов были выбраны следующие критерии: Озвучка транскрипции, Голосовой ввод, Рукописный ввод, Исправление опечаток, Автоматическая смена направления перевода, Наличие мобильного приложения, Наличие казахского языка
Zeppelin-led study on the onset of new particle formation in the planetary boundary layer
Authors: Lampilahti Janne , Manninen Hanna E. , Nieminen Tuomo , Mirme Sander , Ehn Mikael , Pullinen Iida , Leino Katri , Schobesberger Siegfried , Kangasluoma Juha , Kontkanen Jenni , Järvinen Emma , Väänänen Riikka , Yli-Juuti Taina , Krejci Radovan , Lehtipalo Katrianne , Levula Janne , Mirme Aadu , Decesari Stefano , Tillmann Ralf , Worsnop Douglas R. , Rohrer Franz , Kiendler-Scharr Astrid , Petäjä Tuukka , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Mentel Thomas F. , Kulmala Markku
Published: April 2021

Abstract. We compared observations of aerosol particle formation and growth in different parts of the planetary boundary layer at two different environments that have frequent new particle formation (NPF) events. In summer 2012 we had a campaign in Po Valley, Italy (urban background) and in spring 2013 a similar campaign took place in Hyytiälä, Finland (rural background). Our study consists of airborne and ground-based measurements of ion and particle size distribution from ~1 nm. The airborne measurements were performed using a Zeppelin inside the boundary layer up to 1000 m altitude. Our observations show the onset of regional NPF and the subsequent growth of the aerosol particles happening uniformly inside the mixed layer (ML) in both locations. However, in Hyytiälä we noticed local enhancement in the intensity of NPF caused by mesoscale BL dynamics. Additionally, our observations indicate that in Hyytiälä NPF was probably also taking place above the ML. In Po Valley we observed NPF that was limited to a specific air mass.
An evaluation of Deccan Traps eruption rates using geochronologic data
Authors: Schoene Blair , Eddy Michael P. , Keller C. Brenhin , Samperton Kyle M.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Recent attempts to establish the eruptive history of the Deccan Traps large igneous province have used both U−Pb (Schoene et al., 2019) and
40Ar/39Ar (Sprain et al., 2019) geochronology. Both of these studies report dates with high precision and unprecedented coverage
for a large igneous province and agree that the main phase of eruptions began near the C30n–C29r magnetic reversal and waned shortly after the
C29r–C29n reversal, totaling ∼ 700–800 kyr duration. These datasets can be analyzed in finer detail to determine eruption rates, which
are critical for connecting volcanism, associated volatile emissions, and any potential effects on the Earth's climate before and after the
Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary (KPB). It is our observation that the community has frequently misinterpreted how the eruption rates derived from
these two datasets vary across the KPB. The U−Pb dataset of Schoene et al. (2019) was interpreted by those authors to indicate four major
eruptive pulses before and after the KPB. The 40Ar/39Ar dataset did not identify such pulses and has been largely interpreted by
the community to indicate an increase in eruption rates coincident with the Chicxulub impact (Renne et al., 2015; Richards et al., 2015). Although
the overall agreement in eruption duration is an achievement for geochronology, it is important to clarify the limitations in comparing the two
datasets and to highlight paths toward achieving higher-resolution eruption models for the Deccan Traps and for other large igneous provinces. Here,
we generate chronostratigraphic models for both datasets using the same statistical techniques and show that the two datasets agree very well. More
specifically, we infer that (1) age modeling of the 40Ar/39Ar dataset results in constant eruption rates with relatively large
uncertainties through the duration of the Deccan Traps eruptions and provides no support for (or evidence against) the pulses identified by the
U−Pb data, (2) the stratigraphic positions of the Chicxulub impact using the 40Ar/39Ar and U−Pb datasets do not
agree within their uncertainties, and (3) neither dataset supports the notion of an increase in eruption rate as a result of the Chicxulub
impact. We then discuss the importance of systematic uncertainties between the dating methods that challenge direct comparisons between them, and we
highlight the geologic uncertainties, such as regional stratigraphic correlations, that need to be tested to ensure the accuracy of eruption
models. While the production of precise and accurate geochronologic data is of course essential to studies of Earth history, our analysis
underscores that the accuracy of a final result is also critically dependent on how such data are interpreted and presented to the broader community
of geoscientists.
Using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for transdisciplinary co-design of the FANFAR flood forecasting and alert system in West Africa
Authors: Lienert Judit , Andersson Jafet , Hofmann Daniel , Silva Pinto Francisco , Kuller Martijn
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Climate change is projected to increase flood risks in West Africa. The EU Horizon 2020 project FANFAR co-designed a pre-operational flood forecasting and alert system for West Africa in three lively workshops with 50–60 stakeholders, adopting a transdisciplinary framework from Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). We aimed to (i) exemplify MCDA as a structured transdisciplinary process; (ii) prioritize suitable FANFAR system configurations; and (iii) document and discuss empirical evidence. We used various interactive problem structuring methods in stakeholder sessions to generate 10 objectives and design 11 FANFAR system configurations. The non-additive MCDA model combined expert predictions about system performance with stakeholder preferences elicited in group sessions. All groups preferred a system producing accurate, clear, and accessible flood risk information that reaches recipients well before floods. To receive this, most groups would trade off higher operation and maintenance costs, development time, and implementing several languages. We accounted for uncertainty in expert predictions with Monte Carlo simulation. Sensitivity analyses tested the results’ robustness for changing MCDA aggregation models and diverging stakeholder preferences. Despite many uncertainties, three FANFAR system configurations achieved 63–70 % of the ideal case over all objectives in all stakeholder groups, and outperformed other options in cost-benefit visualizations. Stakeholders designed these best options to work reliably under difficult West African conditions rather than incorporating many advanced features. The current FANFAR system combines important features increasing system performance. Most respondents of a small online survey are satisfied, and willing to use the system in future. We discuss our learning drawing from design principles of transdisciplinary research. We attempted to over-come “unbalanced ownership” and “insufficient legitimacy” by including key West African institutions as consortium partners and carrying out co-design workshops with mandated representatives from 17 countries. MCDA overcomes challenges such as “lack of technical integration”, or “vagueness and ambiguity of results”. Whether FANFAR will have a “societal impact” depends on long term financing and system uptake by West African institutions after termination of EU sponsoring. We hope that our promising results will have a “scientific impact” and motivate further stakeholder engagement in hydrology research.
When the MOUSE leaves the house
Authors: Blümich Bernhard , Anders Jens
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Change is inherent to time being transient. With the NMR-MOUSE (MObile Universal Surface Explorer) having matured into an established NMR tool for nondestructive
testing of materials, this forward-looking retrospective assesses the
challenges the NMR-MOUSE faced when deployed outside a protected laboratory
and how its performance quality can be maintained and improved when operated
under adverse conditions in foreign environments. This work is dedicated to
my dear colleague and friend Geoffrey Bodenhausen on the occasion of his
crossing an honorable timeline in appreciation of his ever-continuing
success of fueling the dynamics of magnetic resonance.
The decay of the refocused Hahn echo in double electron–electron resonance (DEER) experiments
Authors: Bahrenberg Thorsten , Jahn Samuel M. , Feintuch Akiva , Stoll Stefan , Goldfarb Daniella
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Double electron–electron resonance (DEER) is a pulse electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique that measures distances between paramagnetic centres. It utilizes a four-pulse sequence based on the
refocused Hahn spin echo. The echo decays with increasing pulse sequence
length 2(τ1+τ2), where τ1 and τ2 are the
two time delays. In DEER, the value of τ2 is determined by the
longest inter-spin distance that needs to be resolved, and τ1 is
adjusted to maximize the echo amplitude and, thus, sensitivity. We show
experimentally that, for typical spin centres (nitroxyl, trityl, and Gd(III)) diluted in frozen protonated solvents, the largest refocused echo amplitude for a given τ2 is obtained neither at very short τ1 (which minimizes the pulse sequence length) nor at τ1=τ2 (which maximizes dynamic decoupling for a given total sequence length) but rather at τ1 values smaller than τ2. Large-scale spin dynamics simulations based on the coupled cluster expansion (CCE), including the
electron spin and several hundred neighbouring protons, reproduce the
experimentally observed behaviour almost quantitatively. They show that
electron spin dephasing is driven by solvent protons via the flip-flop
coupling among themselves and their hyperfine couplings to the electron
spin.
Size distribution law of earthquake-triggered landslides in different seismic intensity zones
Authors: Huang Yidan , Yao Lingkan
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 and Ms 7.0 Lushan earthquake in 2013 produced thousands of landslides in the southern region of the Longmen Mountains in China. We conducted field investigations and analyzed remote sensing data to determine the distribution law of earthquake-triggered landslides. The results show a strong negative power law relationship between the size and frequency of landslides in VII, VIII, and IX seismic intensity zones, a weak power law in the X seismic intensity zone, and a lognormal distribution in the XI seismic intensity zone. Landslide density increases with increasing seismic intensity. A sandpile cellular automata model was built under the conceptual framework of self-organized criticality theory to simulate earthquake-induced landslides. Data from the simulations demonstrate that, with increasing disturbance intensity, the dynamical mechanism of the sandpile model changes from a strong power law to a weak power law and then to a lognormal distribution. Results from shaking table experiments of a one-sided slope sandpile show that, for peak ground acceleration (PGA) in the range of 0.075–0.125 g, the relation between the amount and frequency of sand follows a negative power law. For PGA between 0.15 and 0.25 g, the relation obeys a lognormal distribution. This verifies that the abovementioned distribution of earthquake-induced landslides should be a universal law from a physical viewpoint and may apply to other areas. This new perspective may be used to guide the development of an inventory of earthquake-triggered landslides and provide a scientific basis for their prediction.
The signature of the tropospheric gravity wave background in observed mesoscale motion
Authors: Stephan Claudia Christine , Mariaccia Alexis
Published: April 2021

Abstract. How convection couples to mesoscale vertical motion and what determines these motions is poorly understood. This study diagnoses profiles of area-averaged mesoscale divergence from measurements of horizontal winds collected by an extensive upper-air sounding network of a recent campaign over the western tropical North Atlantic, the Elucidating the Role of Clouds-Circulation Coupling in Climate (EUREC4A) campaign. Observed area-averaged divergence amplitudes scale approximately inversely with area-equivalent radius. This functional dependence is also confirmed in reanalysis data and a global, freely evolving simulation run at 2.5 km horizontal resolution. Based on the numerical data it is demonstrated that the energy spectra of inertia gravity waves can explain the scaling of divergence amplitudes with area. At individual times, however, few waves can dominate the region. Nearly monochromatic tropospheric waves are diagnosed in the soundings by means of an optimized hodograph analysis. For one day, results suggest that an individual wave directly modulated the satellite-observed cloud pattern. However, because such immediate wave impacts are rare, the systematic modulation of vertical motion due to inertia–gravity waves may be more relevant as a convection-modulating factor. The analytic relationship between energy spectra and divergence amplitudes proposed in this article, if confirmed by future studies, could be used to design better external forcing methods for regional models.
PELAKSANAAN FIVE MOMENT CUCI TANGAN PERAWAT DI RUANG RAWAT INAP RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH KABUPATEN CIAMIS
Authors: Suhanda Suhanda , Lismayanti Lilis , Nurjanah Nurjanah , Setiawan Henri , Kurniawan Rudi
Published: April 2021

Health Care Associated Infection (HAIs) merupakan penyebab utama tingginya angka kesakitan dan kematian 1,4 juta setiap hari di seluruh dunia. Selain itu menyebabkan lama perawatan, mortalitas dan biaya pelayanan kesehatan meningkat. Infeksi nosokomial dapat dicegah salah satunya yaitu dengan mencuci tangan. WHO (2009) memprogramkan global patient safety dengan merumuskan strategi penerapan hand hygiene untuk petugas kesehatan diantaranya sebelum kontak dengan pasien, sebelum melakukan tindakan prosedur bersih atau steril, setelah terkena cairan tubuh pasien, setelah kontak dengan pasien, setelah kontak dengan lingkungan pasien.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan five moment cuci tangan perawat di Ruang Rawat Inap RSUD Ciamis. Jenis

penelitian ini adalah deskriptif, analisisnya menggunakan univariat, metode penelitiannya menggunakan observasi. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 65 orang, teknik pengambilan sampelnya menggunakan proportional random sampling.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan five moment cuci tangan sebelum kontak dengan pasien yaitu kategori tidak patuh sebanyak 43 responden dan kategori patuh sebanyak 22 responden, sebelum melakukan prosedur bersih/steril kategori patuh sebanyak 41 responden dan kategori tidak patuh sebanyak 24 responden, setelah terkena cairan tubuh pasien kategori patuh sebanyak 51 responden dan kategori tidak patuh sebanyak 14 responden, setelah kontak dengan pasien kategori patuh sebanyak 47 responden dan kategori tidak patuh sebanyak 18 responden dan setelah kontak dengan lingkungan pasien kategori patuh sebanyak 47 responden dan kategori tidak patuhsebanyak 18 responden.

Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa pelaksanaan five moment cuci tangan perawat dalam kategori patuh sebanyak 42 responden (64,02%) sedangkan kategori tidak patuh sebanyak 23 responden (35,98%). Diharapkan kepada perawat untuk lebih meningkatkan kesadaranya mengenai five moment cuci tangan karena itu merupakan salah satu unsur keselamatan kerja yang menyangkut perawat itu sendiri maupun keselamatan pasien.
Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua Dengan Kemampuan Sosialisasi Anak Prasekolah ( 4-6 Tahun ) Di TK ABA (Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal) Kelurahan Linggasari Ciamis Tahun 2017
Authors: Lestari Lusi , Sukmawati Ima , Rahmawati Ima
Published: April 2021

Anak memiliki suatu ciri khas yaitu selalu tumbuh dan berkembang sejak konsepsi sampai berakhirnya masa remaja. Kemampuan bersosialisasi dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor salah satunya adalah pola asuh. Orang tua dengan pola asuhnya akan menjadi role model bagi seorang anak dalam membentuk perilakunya.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan kemampuan sosialisasi anak prasekolah (4-6 tahun) di TK ABA (Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal) Kelurahan Linggasari Ciamis.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif korelasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Analisis menggunakan univariat dan bivariat, data diambil menggunakan tekhnik sampling dengan cara purposive sampling yaitu orang tua yang memiliki anak prasekolah (4-6 tahun) yang berjumlah 44 orang, analisis bivariat diolah menggunakan chi square dengan tingkat kesalahan 5% (? = 0,05).

Berdasarkan kategori pola asuh orang tua dari 44 responden didapatkan hasil kategori demokratis sebanyak 41 responden (93,2%), kategori otoriter sebanyak 2 responden (4,5%), dan kategori permisif sebanyak 1 responden (2,3%). Berdasarkan kategori sosialisasi anak, anak prasekolah (4-6 tahun) memiliki kemampuan sosialisasi baik sebanyak 32 orang (72,7%), cukup sebanyak 10 orang (22,7%), dan kurang sebanyak 2 orang (4,5%). Hasil analisis diperoleh nilai p-value = 0,000 < ? = 0,05 artinya ada hubungan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan kemampuan sosialisasi anak prasekolah (4-6 tahun).

Terdapat hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan kemampuan sosialisasi anak prasekolah (4-6 tahun) di TK ABA (Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal) Kelurahan Linggasari Ciamis Tahun 2017
Hubungan Tempramen Dasar Dan Pendidikan Orang Tua Terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Anak Usia Prasekolah
Authors: Munjidah Annif , Nurjanah Siti , Sulistyana Hajjriah Putri
Published: April 2021

Banyak orang tua yang kurang memperdulikan pentingnya pembentukan karakter anak. Kadang-kadang mereka membiarkan anak-anak melakukan kesalahan tanpa mengatakan bahwa mereka telah melakukan hal yang salah. Pendidikan karakter merupakan tanggung jawab bersama atas semua pendidikan, baik di rumah maupun di sekolah. Pendidikan karakter harus dimulai dari pendidik itu sendiri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tempramen dan pendidikan pada pembentukan karakter anak di TK Melati Teluk Aru Surabaya. Desain penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross section. Sampel sebanyak 31 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dan pengukuran dilakukan dengan angket. Kemudian data dianalisis melalui Uji Korelasi Orang dengan signifikansi ? = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 31 responden terdapat 11 responden mengalami kecemasan tempramen. Hasil uji statistik korelasi person diperoleh ? = 0,022. Ada 14 responden yang berpendidikan menengah. Hasil uji statistik korelasi person ? = 0,023. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa <? maka H0 ditolak. Artinya ada hubungan antara pendidikan dan tempramen dengan pembentukan karakter anak di TK Melati Teluk Aru Surabaya. Temperamen yang baik dan pendidikan tinggi orang tua akan membentuk karakter anak yang baik pula. Oleh karena itu, orang tua harus membentuk karakter anak sejak dini dan sebaik mungkin agar ketika dewasa nanti anak akan memiliki karakter yang baik. Dari penelitian ini petugas kesehatan juga dapat memberikan penyuluhan kepada para orang tua khususnya para ibu dan ayah mengenai pembentukan karakter anak sejak dini
GAMBARAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT PERMAINAN EDUKATIF PADA ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH (4-6 TAHUN) DI RA ROHMAWIYAH BANJARSARI KABUPATEN CIAMIS TAHUN 2018
Authors: Taofik Muhamad dadan , Rahayu Yuyun , Sriyanti Yanti
Published: April 2021

Alat Permainan Edukatif merupakan alat permainan yang dapat memberikan fungsi permainan secara optimal terhadap perkembangan anak. Alat permainan edkutatif yang dianjurkan untuk anak usia 4-6 tahun diantaranya berupa cat warna, balok dan puzzle. Dampak yang mungkin terjadi jika pemberian APE tidak terpenuhi, perkembangan anak tidak optimal sehingga bakat dan potensi yang ada pada diri anak tidak tergali atau jika anak mengalami gangguan perkembangan seperti keterlambatan tidak dapat segera diketahui Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai variabel mandiri, baik satu variabel atau lebih (independen) tanpa membuat perbandingan, atau menghubungkan dengan variabel yang lain. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh orang tua dari siswa yang berumur 4-6 tahun di RA Rohmawiyah Banjarsari Kabupaten Ciamis tahun pelajaran 2017-2018 sebanyak 32 orang. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling yaitu seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan alat permainan edukatif pada anak usia prasekolah (4-6 tahun) di RA Rohmawiyah Banjarsari Kabupaten Ciamis, sebagian besar berkategori tidak menggunakan sebanyak 20 orang (62,5%). Saran diharapkan agar orangtua lebih meningkatkan pemahaman tentang alat permainan edukatif yang baik dan sesuai dengan perkembangan anak, pemahaman ini dapat dilakukan dengan cara mengikuti berbagai penyuluhan dari tenaga kesehatan, atau membaca buku-buku lain yang ada kaitannya dengan alat permainan edukatif.
HUBUNGAN FAKTOR INTRINSIK DENGAN KEJADIAN RESIKO JATUH PADA LANSIA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS HANDAPHERANG KABUPATEN CIAMIS
Authors: Hidayat Taufik , Kusmawaty Jajuk , Hidayat Nur
Published: April 2021

Perubahan tersebut berpengaruh terhadap kelelahan fisik, nyeri sendi, gangguan keseimbangan dan koordinasi. Kondisi ini diperberat lagi dengan penglihatan kabur, pendengaran kurang, gangguan adaptasi, dan efek konsumsi obat-obat tertentu yang kesemuanya mengakibatkan resiko jatuh pada lansia. Ada beberapa faktor resiko jatuh salah satunya faktor intrinsik yaitugangguan hipertensi, gangguan sistem anggota gerak, gangguan sistem syaraf, gangguan penglihatan, dan gangguan pendengaran.Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah analitik kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh lansia di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Kesehatan Puskesmas Handherang Kabupaten Ciamis pada tahun 2017 sebanyak 6587 orang Sampel sebanyak 99 orang.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor instrinsik sebagian besar berkategori banyak sebanyak 57 orang (57,6%), kejadian resiko jatuh pada lansia sebagian besar berkategori resiko jatuh tinggi sebanyak 56 orang (56,6%) dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor intrinsik dengan kejadian resiko jatuh pada lansia karena nilai ? > ? value (0,05 > 0,000) dan nilai chi square (?2) hitung > chi square (?2) tabel (65,705> 5,991). Saran diharapkan agar lansia untuk memperbaiki pola hidup sehat sehingga menurunkan kejadian resiko jatuh pada lansia
STRATEGI KOPING KELUARGA DALAM MERAWAT ANGGOTA KELUARGA YANG MENGALAMI THALASSEMIA DI KLINIK THALASSEMIA DI KLINIK RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH KABUPATEN CIAMIS TAHUN 2019
Authors: Saraswati Esti , apipudin Aap , Hidayat Nur
Published: April 2021

Thalasemia atau disebut anemia mediterania adalah penyakit keturunan yang terjadi akibat kurangnya jumlah sel darah merah di dalam tubuh manusia sehingga produksi hemoglobin menjadi berkurang. Berdasarkan data dari ruang thalassemia RSUD Kabupaten Ciamis (2018), menunjukan bahwa data tahun 2018 sebanyak 199 orang. Selanjutnya, jumlah pasien rutin yang menjalani transfusi pada bulan desember 2018 sebanyak 150 orang. Masalah thalasemia dapat mempengaruhi sebuah keluarga dan hal tersebut akan menimbulkan kecemasan dan akan menimbulkan dampak terhadap keluarga baik dari sisi waktu, ekonomi psikososial dan emosial. Sehingga keluarga memerlukan strategi koping yang tepat agarterhindar dari perilaku yang buruk yang hanya dapatmengurangi stress sementara.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui strategi koping keluarga dalam merawat anggota keluarga yang mengalamithalasemia di klinik thalasemia rumah sakit umum daerah kabupaten ciamis tahun 2019. Metode dalam penelitian iniadalah deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu keluarga penderita thalasemia yang mengantar klien menjalani transfusi di Klinik Thalasemia RSUD Kabupaten Ciamis. Cara pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sampling incidental, sebanyak 60 responden.Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa kemampuan keluarga dalam strategi koping keluarga dalam merawat anggota keluarga yang mengalami thalassemia didapatkan dalam strategi hubungan kategori efektif sebanyak 42 responden (70%), strategi kognitif kategori efektif sebanyak 42 responden (70.0%), strategi komunikasi kategori efektif sebanyak 47 responden (78.3%), strategi dukungan sosial kategori efektif sebanyak 37 responden (61.7%), strategi spiritual kategori efektif sebanyak 32 responden (53.3).Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu strategi koping keluarga dalam merawat anggota keluarga yang mengalami thalasemia sudah efektif yaitu kategori efektif sebanyak 34 responden (56.7%).
EVALUASI SEDIAAN MASKER GEL PEEL OFF EKSTRAK LIDAH BUAYA DENGAN BASIS POLIVYNIL ALKOHOL
Authors: Indriastuti Marlina
Published: April 2021

Lidah buaya merupakan bahan alami yang potensial yang dapat dijadikan bahan kosmetik karena mempunyai khasiat yang mengandung antioksida dan nutrisi yang baik bagi kulit. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari dibedakannya konsentrasi PVA sebagai basis terhadap evaluasi sediaan masker gel peel off. Jenis penelitian yang akan dilakukan adalah penelitian eksperimental. Sampel yang akan digunakan yaitu ekstrak daging lidah buaya (aloe vera). Formulasi masker peel off dari ekstrak lidah buaya dibuat 3 formula dengan konsentrasi PVA yang berbeda yaitu 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Setelah itu dilakukan evaluasi fisik sediaan masker gel peel off meliputi uji organoleptik, viskositas, uji pH, daya sebar, dan waktu sediaan mengering. Data hasil evaluasi tersebut akan dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) one way. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konsentrasi PVA yang berbeda pada setiap formula dapat mempengaruhi nilai viskositas dan waktu sediaan mengering. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk formula yang memenuhi standar adalah formula I dengan konsentrasi 10%.
Place of committing the offensesprovided by the art. 264 of the criminal code of the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Moldova State University, Postovanu Nicolae
Published: April 2021

In the case of the offenses provided by the art. 264 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, the place of committing determines the spatial limits of action of transport traffic or operational safety rules. As a result, in order to determine in a concrete case whether the art. 264 of the Criminal Code can be applied, it is necessary to determine the spatial limits of action of the concrete transport traffic or operational safety rules, which are violated by the subject. These limits are established in the normative acts referred to in art. 264 of the Criminal Code.
Victim of the crime committed in the „heat of passion”
Authors:   Moldova State University, Berdilo Rodico
Published: April 2021

Not every crime involves the presence of the victim. The crime, provided by art. 146 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, is a part of the category of crimes involving the presence of the victim. The person who provokes the perpetrator’s heat of passion through illegal or immoral acts is considered. The victim of the crime, provided by art. 146 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, is a sign that characterizes the object of this crime. Namely the content of the value and social relations, defended against the crime provided by art. 146 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, make the guilt of the victim to partially reduce the guilt of the perpetrator.
Delimitation of insolvency offenses from other related criminal/non-criminal acts
Authors:   Moldova State University, Ursu Vera
Published: April 2021

This article aims to clarify the aspects of criminal liability for insolvency offenses, from the point of view of their delimitation from other related acts. In order to achieve the mentioned purpose, the author identified certain prejudicial actions that could have the capacity to create confusions as an effect of their similarity to the crimes provided for in art. 252 and 253 Penal Code of the RM, and the analysis of the comparative elements is necessary in order to establish their correlation and delimitation. Following the scientific study undertaken, some qualification rules were formulated taking into account the specifics of criminal acts of insolvency-related offenses, being developed and proposed for application some certain explanatory guidelines concerning the analyzed criminal facts.
Liquefaction potential assessment of saturated loess
Authors: Karastanev Doncho , Tchakalova Boriana
Published: April 2021

Usually, soils with mainly fine grain-sized content, as loess, are considered to have low liquefaction potential. Regardless of this, many researchers have analyzed and presented much field evidence that silty soil (in particular loess) liquefaction occurred under certain conditions. In Bulgaria, the first loess river terrace (T1) within the Danube River lowland areas is covered by low plasticity silty loess with a thickness of 10–12 m. Тhe groundwater level is often located between 5 m and 8 m in depth so that substantial part of loess deposits are saturated and immersed. Meanwhile, that region of North Bulgaria is under the influence of the Vrancea seismic zone in Romania, which is able to generate strong earthquakes with magnitudes M≥7.0. The present paper aims to assess the liquefaction potential of loess in a ground profile representative of the T1 loess river terraces by the so-called simplified procedure based on SPT, which is incorporated in the software code NovoLiq. The safety factor against liquefaction FSL is estimated at the respective depths in one-dimensional model of the ground profile for free-field conditions at varying peak ground accelerations amax. The critical amax, at which liquefaction of loess is possible according to the assumptions of the applied simplified procedure and the requirements of the National Annex of Bulgaria to Eurocode 8, has been established.
The trajectory of financial educationin schools in the state of Tocantins: from the pilot project to the establishment of a teacher education hub at the Federal University of Tocantins
Authors: Aguiar de Melo Juliana , Rodrigues Waldecy , Camargo Godoi Alessandra , Barbosa de Paiva Gisele
Published: April 2021

This chapter is aimed at describing the process for the universalization of financial education in schools in the state of Tocantins, including articulations, teacher and multiplier training, deployment experiences and results attained in terms of spreading knowledge and its appropriation by the community.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kelurahan Kedaung Kota Bandar Lampung Menuju Desa Tangguh Covid-19
Authors: Rahmadi Antun , Sutrio Sutrio , Nugroho Arie , Bertalina Bertalina , Sumardilah Dewi Sri , Muliani Usdeka , Lupiana Mindo , Mulyani Roza , Wahyuni Endang Sri , Putri Sefanadya , J Yulia Novika , Sejati Nawasari Indah Putri
Published: April 2021

Penerapan protokol kesehatan terbukti efektif untuk mencegah penularan Covid-19. Partisipasi masyarakat menjadi kunci utama untuk mencegah penyebaran wabah Covid-19. Adaptasi kebiasaan baru perlu didukung dengan pengetahuan yang benar. Oleh karena itu masyarakat perlu diberikan edukasi yang memadai tentang masalah Covid-19 dan upaya pencegahannya. Sosialisasi protokol kesehatan kepada aparat pemerintahan kelurahan yang diikuti dengan penyuluhan dan konsultasi bagi sasaran khusus merupakan salah satu metode yang layak dilakukan. Sosialisasi secara klasikal terbukti dapat meningkatkan secara signifikan pengetahuan aparat pemerintahan kelurahan sebesar 42,3% sedangkan penyuluhan informal dan berkala dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat sebesar 52,03%. Pemberian stimulus sarana pendukung pelaksanaan protokol kesehatan juga berkontribusi meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam melaksanakan protokol kesehatan.
Pemanfaatan Tanaman Enceng Gondok Sebagai Peluang Usaha Kerajinan Anyaman Di Kelurahan Kebraon Karangpilang Surabaya
Authors: Pudjowati Juliani , Wahyuni Susi Tri , Afifah Novelita Nur , Safi'i Brillian Ayu Cahyaning , Kabarudin Kharisma  Masithah
Published: April 2021

Alasan pengabdian masyarakat dikarenakan banyak tanaman Enceng gondok tumbuh masif dan subur kurang dimanfaatkan sehingga perlu pendampingan agar tumbuhan ini mempunyai nilai tambah bagi masyarakat terutama peningkatan pendapatan. Salah satu lokasi tempat pertumbuhan enceng gondok yang sangat berlimpah yakni di daerah  Kebraon, Kecamatan Karangpilang, Kota Surabaya, pada kegiatan ini diperkenalkan bahwa  tanaman enceng gondok tersebut dijadikan sebuah  kerajinan anyaman  yang bermanfaat sebagai peluang usaha untuk alternatif menambah pendapatan.  Metode yang digunakan  Pelatihan. dan diskusi serta difusi teknologi pengolahan serat enceng gondok.  Proses pengolahan yaitu: proses, Membuat pola, Proses menganyaman, Proses menyulam, Membuat handel,  menjahit, Finishing .  Kesimpulan dengan adanya pengabdian masyarakat pelatihan enceng gondok dapat mengurangi dampak negative dari keberadaan enceng gondok yang dapat mengurangi kadar oksigen didalam perairan.  Serta memberdayakan masyarakat sekitar yakni bertugas untuk menganyam kerajinan tersebut. Selain itu, lingkup pemasaran juga semakin luas terbukti dari adanya pesanan kerajinan eceng gondok tidak hanya dari dalam kota saja tetapi dari luar kota bahkan sampai luar negeri.
Slums of Chennai around the Buckingham Canal - with special reference to Govindaswamy Nagar
Authors: Jishamol Dr. B
Published: April 2021

Buckingham Canal bank was an important water - way of old Madras. It has been facing slow death due to many reasons such as encroachments by various constructions like MRTS (The Mass Rapid Transit System is popularly called MRTS), and also the Urban poor, the slum dwellers.

The slum dwellers face various problems like, flooding, insanitary conditions, health and socio-economic issues. One of the major issue is the eviction process. In this link, the Elango Street of Govindaswamy Nagar has been allotted by the Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board based on G.O.Ms.No 163 Housing (F) Department, Dated 28.02.1973.

Elango Street escapes all the natural problems the other slums are facing, but it is expected to be evicted. This critical issue made the researcher to compare Elango Street of Govindaswamy Nagar with the other slums on the banks of Central Buckingham Canal.
Revised and Updated Catalogue of the First Byurakan Survey Late-Type Stars. 2nd Edition
Authors: Gigoyan K. S. , Mickaelian A. M. , Kostandyan G. R.
Published: April 2021

Eighteen lists of late-type stars (LTSs) have been published between 1990 and 2016. These LTSs have been found in the low-dispersion spectroscopic plates of the First Byurakan Survey (FBS). The systematic search and selection was carried out on a surface _16000 deg2 on almost the whole area of the FBS. As a result, \Revised And Updated Catalogue Of The First Byurakan Survey Of Late-Type Stars" was generated (LTSs, _rst version). Since 2007, all FBS low-resolution spectral plates are digitized, and Digitized First Byurakan Survey (DFBS) database and second catalog of objects has been assembled. All DFBS spectral plates are analysed with the help of standard image analysis softwares (FITSView and SAO Image ds9) and numerous of comparatively faint LTSs were discovered. We present the 2nd version of the FBS catalogue of LTSs with new data. We have made cross-correlation with the Digitized First Byurakan Survey (DFBS), the United State Naval Observatory-B1.0 Catalogue, the Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS), the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (new version-ALLWISE) catalogue, the Infrared Astronomical Satellite Point Source Catalogue/Faint Source Catalogue, the AKARI catalogue, the ROSAT Bright Source Catalogue/Faint Source Catalogue, the General Catalogue of Variable Stars, Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometric catalogue. We have added updated IMBAD data for the objects. For numerous of the new detected objects we present accurate Digitized Sky Survey 2 positions, approximate spectral subtypes refined from the DFBS low-dispersion spectra, luminosity classes estimated from 2MASS colours, and available proper motions for 1471 FBS LTSs. 2nd Version of the Revised and Updated Catalogue lists a large number of completely new objects, which promise to extend very significantly the census of M giants, faint N-type Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) carbon stars, CH {type carbon giants at high Galactic latitudes, also M dwarfs in the vicinity of the Sun up to 16.0-17.0 mag. in visual. We present also some important data from the Gaia DR2 data base for FBS LTSs. Some supplementary spectra obtained with the Byurakan Observatory 2.6 m telescope and LAMOST telescope are shown.
Qualitative evaluation of an educational intervention about healthcare improvement for nursing students
Authors: Sierras-Davó María Cristina , Lillo-Crespo Manuel , Verdú Rodríguez Patricia
Published: April 2021

Objective: To explore the meaning of the experience and knowledge acquired by nursing students trained in healthcare improvement.

Material and methods: A phenomenological approach based on the Giorgi method was made through a group discussion of 21 European students from four countries in July 2019. The data was triangulated with the testimonies of key informants and with the use of an evaluation tool specific to this topic. The analysis was also triangulated with three experienced researchers who reduced the data by consensus to eight units of meaning.

Results: Nursing empowerment and horizontal health organizations were two of the most recurrent units of meaning along with professional values such as teamwork and humanization of care.

Conclusions: The knowledge, attitudes and values acquired are evidence of the shortcomings in the training of future nursing professionals in Europe. The theoretical and practical approach of the sessions, as well as the mixture of cultures, were strengths for the students. It is necessary to follow up on more cases that show the return on the training investment in substantial improvements in real contexts and its impact on the quality of care.
Psychosocial risks and job satisfaction: A meaningful relationship for oncology workers
Authors: Rivera-Rojas Flérida , Ceballos-Vásquez Paula Andrea , González-Palacios Yanni
Published: April 2021

Objective: To determine the relationship between psychosocial risk factors and professional satisfaction of workers working in oncology and palliative care units in a region of Chile.

Material and Method: Non experimental, cross-sectional, correlational study with quantitative approach. In the last semester of 2016, the census of health workers was carried out, using an instrument composed of three parts for data collection: a) bio-sociodemographic history, b) SUSESO-ISTAS 21 questionnaire for psychosocial risks, and c) for work satisfaction. International bioethical principles were respected throughout the research.

Results: There is a relationship with statistical significance (p≤0,05) between psychosocial risks and job satisfaction at work, the dimension of psychosocial risk with higher risk is psychological demand (x:11,24; DP: 3,06) and dual presence (x: 3,23; DP: 1,90) and the factor in which less satisfaction is perceived is the physical work environment (x: 4,32 DP: 1,77).

Conclusion: With the results obtained, it can be affirmed that the workers who work in oncologic units and perceive greater psychosocial risk at work present less satisfaction at work, which can impact on the quality of assistance.
Effectiveness of Ginger in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study of the Randomized Clinical Trial Type
Authors: Carvalho Gerdane Celene Nunes , Lira Neto Jose Claudio Garcia , Nunes Lívio César Cunha , Alencar Ana Maria Parente Garcia , Marques Regina Lúcia Lino , Damasceno Marta Maria Coelho
Published: April 2021

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of ginger in the reduction of the glycemic, lipid and anthropometric levels in people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Materials and method: A double-blind pilot study of the randomized clinical trial type, conducted between October 2017 and January 2018. The inclusion criteria were as follows: individuals with type 2 diabetes, aged from 18 to 80 years old, using oral antidiabetic drugs, and with glycated hemoglobin values between 7 % and 10 %. The participants were randomized and allocated in two different groups. In the experimental group, the participants used 1.2 g of ginger and, in the control group, 1.2 g of placebo. The primary outcome was the reduction in blood glucose. The reduction in the lipid and anthropometric levels was the secondary outcome. The intervention lasted four weeks. Results: A total of 21 participants were included in the study. The use of 1.2 g of ginger resulted in noticeable reductions in the anthropometric and lipid levels in 30 days of follow-up, but it did not reduce the glycemic levels. Conclusions: In this study, it was shown that ginger capsules, in doses of 1.2 g a day, can help to reduce anthropometric measures and lipid levels in the population under study; however, it had no effect on the glycemic levels.
Propuestas para una adecuada recepción del derecho a acceder a tratamientos y medicamentos experimentales: caso Estados Unidos-Colombia
Authors: Duque Giraldo Mateo
Published: April 2021

En el presente artículo de investigación se plantea un conjunto de propuestas académicas para una adecuada recepción, en el ordenamiento sanitario colombiano, del derecho a tratamientos experimentales como fue concebido en Estados Unidos. Para formular estas propuestas se explican las diferencias que se presentan entre el modelo de salud colombiano y el modelo norteamericano con relación al acceso a este tipo de medicinas no convencionales. Para ello se utilizó una metodología comparativa y cualitativa que, a partir de la contrastación, otorgara vías de solución para incorporar el derecho de manera adecuada al modelo sanitario nacional. La investigación permitió concluir que para que haya una recepción idónea del derecho es importante adoptar pólizas voluntarias que aseguren tratamientos experimentales; que se incorpore una presunción de hecho sobre la capacidad económica de los pacientes, a fin de evitar la inversión probatoria; que se eliminen las juntas médicas para la aprobación de esta clase de medicinas, sin que ello suponga que los galenos no puedan acudir a otras instancias médicas para consultar los riesgos y beneficios del medicamento, y que se incentiven créditos y exenciones fiscales para los aseguradores y fabricantes.