bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stereochemical Assignment of the Protein–Protein Interaction Inhibitor JBIR‐22 by Total Synthesis
Authors: Healy Alan R. , Izumikawa Miho , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Shin‐ya Kazuo , Westwood Nicholas J.
Published: February 2015

Recent reports have highlighted the biological activity associated with a subfamily of the tetramic acid class of natural products. Despite the fact that members of this subfamily act as protein–protein interaction inhibitors that are of relevance to proteasome assembly, no synthetic work has been reported. This may be due to the fact that this subfamily contains an unnatural 4,4‐disubstitued glutamic acid, the synthesis of which provides a key challenge. A highly stereoselective route to a masked form of this unnatural amino acid now enabled the synthesis of two of the possible diastereomers of JBIR‐22 and allowed the assignment of its relative and absolute stereochemistry.
An Affinity Reagent for the Recognition of Pyrophosphorylated Peptides
Authors: Conway John H. , Fiedler Dorothea
Published: February 2015

A resin‐bound dinuclear zinc(II) complex for the selective capture of pyrophosphopeptides is reported. The metal complex binds diphosphate esters over other anionic groups, such as monophosphate esters, sulfate esters, and carboxylic acids, with high specificity. Immobilization of the compound provided a reagent capable of binding and retaining nanomolar quantities of pyrophosphopeptide in the presence of cell lysate. The high affinity and specificity of the reagent makes it an attractive tool for the study of in vivo pyrophosphorylation.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective Cross‐Addition of Terminal Alkynes to Ynol Ethers and Synthesis of 1,4‐Enyn‐3‐ones
Authors: Hari Babu Madala , Dwivedi Vikas , Kant Ruchir , Sridhar Reddy Maddi
Published: February 2015

Conjugated enynes, enol ethers, and enynones are versatile building blocks that can be elaborated by a wide variety of synthetic transformations. The selective synthesis of such units is a prerequisite for their effective utilization. The synthesis of conjugated 2‐phenoxyenynes through a palladium‐catalyzed cross‐addition of terminal alkynes to phenylethynyl ethers (hydroalkynylation) is now presented. The reaction is highly regio‐, stereo‐, and chemoselective, and shows excellent tolerance toward functional groups. The addition further features very mild reaction conditions (room temperature) and an inexpensive catalytic system (without a ligand and with a cheaply available Pd catalyst). The thus synthesized enynyl ethers with allylic hydroxy tethers, which survived the reaction, were shown to be ready precursors for valuable 1‐en‐4‐yn‐3‐ones.
Materialuntersuchungen an Hennigsdorfer Spannstahl aus Brückenbauwerken
Authors: Wilhelm Tobias , Scheerer Silke , Hampel Torsten , Bauer Thomas , Müller Michael
Published: February 2015

Der Prozess einer wasserstoffinduzierten Spannungsrisskorrosion (H‐SpRK) ist für Spannbetonbrücken auch 20 Jahre nach gravierenden Schadensfällen im Hochbau weitestgehend unerforscht. Die aktuellen Regelwerke geben eine Hilfestellung zur Vermeidung eines plötzlichen Versagens. Zu Schadensursachen und zum zeitlichen Prozessablauf existiert jedoch nach wie vor keine systematische Datenbasis. Veröffentlichungen zu Ergebnissen von Bauwerksuntersuchungen beschränken sich auf Einzelbauwerke.

In diesem Beitrag wird die systematische Erfassung und Auswertung von Bauwerksuntersuchungen an Spannbetonbrücken beschrieben, die mit Spannstahl aus Hennigsdorfer Produktion errichtet wurden, der aktuell als spannungsrisskorrosionsgefährdet eingestuft ist. Grundlage dieser Analyse sind die Ergebnisse von insgesamt 31 Bauwerksuntersuchungen, die in unterschiedlichen Verwaltungsbereichen beauftragt und durchgeführt wurden.

Neben der Betrachtung einzelner Kennwerte wird insbesondere auf die Notwendigkeit zur einheitlichen Analyse der Materialkennwerte hingewiesen. Spezielle, nach derzeitiger Vorschriftenlage besonders kritisch einzuschätzende Parameter werden hinsichtlich ihrer Aussagekraft analysiert und Zusammenhänge zwischen einzelnen Parametern bzw. deren möglicher Einfluss auf den Prozess einer H‐SpRK aufgezeigt. Abschließend wird die Einrichtung einer Wissensdatenbank zur einheitlichen Erfassung und Auswertung von Untersuchungsergebnissen angeregt.

Material investigations on Hennigsdorfer prestressing steel taken from bridge structures

There is a knowledge gap of the process of stress cracking corrosion even 20 years after the collapse of buildings as the result of hydrogen embrittlement stress corrosion cracking. The current codes of practice give a support in preventing and early detection of a possible sudden failure. However, there is still no systematic data base to the cause of the corrosion and the time flow of the process. Publications on results of structure investigations are limited to single buildings.

In this article the systematic collection and evaluation of structural investigations of prestressed concrete bridges made of steel tendons produced in Hennigsdorf is described. This steel is sensitive to stress corrosion cracking according to the actual knowledge base. Basis of the results is the analysis of 31 bridges, which were assigned from different public administrations.

On one side there is the evaluation of single values and on the other side it is pointed to the need for a uniform regulation for the analysis of the material properties. The most critical parameters according to the actual regulations (codes) were be analyzed in terms of their validity. Correlations between individual parameters respectively their possible influence on the process of the stress corrosion cracking was given. Finally, the creation of a knowledge database for the uniform collection and analysis of examination results is suggested.
Stahlbetonfahrbahnplatte aus Fertigteilen mit Ortbetonergänzung beim Ersatzneubau der Straßenbrücke Horsterdamm
Authors: Lühr Stefan , Morgen Karl , Wieser Michael
Published: February 2015

Die Straßenbrücke Horsterdamm in Lauenburg kreuzt den Elbe‐Lübeck‐Kanal und die Eisenbahntrasse Lüneburg‐Lübeck. Die alte Straßenbrücke, eine genietete Fachwerkbrücke mit untenliegender Stahlbetonfahrbahn aus dem Jahr 1939, wies erhebliche Schäden auf und musste ersetzt werden. Die neue Brücke wurde als Stabbogenbrücke mit einer Stahlbetonfahrbahn als Verbundkonstruktion geplant und realisiert, wobei zahlreiche Leitungen ein Verschalen auf der Unterseite nahezu unmöglich machten. Zur Realisierung der Fahrbahnplatte wurde daher auf Stahlbetonfertigteile mit Ortbetonergänzung zurückgegriffen. Im Folgenden werden die planerischen und baubetrieblichen Erfahrungen zusammengefasst dargestellt. Abschließend wird auf Vorteile im Hinblick auf Zwangsbeanspruchungen und Erstrissbildung infolge abfließender Hydratationswärmeentwicklung eingegangen.

Concrete deck with precast elements and cast in place topping employed at the new road bridge Horsterdamm

The new road bridge Horsterdamm in the city of Lauenburg crosses the Elbe‐Lübeck‐Canal and a railway line. The old bridge, a riveted truss bridge, built in 1939, showed severe defects and had to be replaced. The new bridge is designed as an arched bridge with a composite concrete slab. A bunch of pipes and wires under the bridge lead to the decision to employ precast elements with a cast in place topping. The paper deals with some special design aspects and experiences during erection. Special attention is given to the advantages of the precast elements with respect to crack development due to hydration heat and constraint.
Erfahrungen bei Nachrechnung und Verstärkung von Brücken
Authors: Haveresch Karl‐Heinz
Published: February 2015

Es wird über die Erfahrungen berichtet, die bei der Nachrechnung und Verstärkung von mehr als 250 älteren Brücken gewonnen wurden. Die Verfahrensschritte, die methodischen und technischen Lösungsansätze sowie die typischen Ergebnisse werden dargestellt und bewertet. Die im Beitrag gegebenen Empfehlungen für die Auslegung und notwendige Ergänzung der Nachrechnungsrichtlinie werden unter dem Vorbehalt einer zukünftigen bauaufsichtlichen Regelung gegeben.

Experiences concerning structural assessment and strengthening of older bridges

While analysing current traffic volume on German highways, an exceedance of the planned bearing capacity for most of the highway bridges was detected. This exceedance is mainly caused by increasing daily traffic volume, including increasingly heavy trucks with a rising number of axes and load size. In fact, strengthening of most of these bridges becomes necessary to ensure future long‐term serviceability of the German Autobahn system.

In the meantime, first experiences in terms of structural assessment and strengthening of older highway bridges were collected. Therefore, this report presents gained experiences concerning the refurbishment of more than 250 older highway bridges. Furthermore, recommendations for application, interpretation and evolution of technical regulations are given. For these purposes process steps, methods of choice and technical solutions are described.
Participant Reflexivity in Community‐Based Participatory Research: Insights from Reflexive Interview, Dialogical Narrative Analysis, and Video Ethnography
Authors: Yang Kyung‐Hwa
Published: February 2015

Focusing on researchers, the predominant discourse on reflexivity has seldom considered the contribution that participants could make to research through their self‐reflections. To bring to light the significance of participants' self‐reflection in participatory inquiries, I develop the concept of participant reflexivity, referring to the process in which participants use insights gained through self‐reflection for data analysis and group discussion. My discussion is based on a community‐based participatory research project conducted with a group of adult learners on their educational experiences. I examined the accounts shared by one of the participants by using insights from the theories of reflexive interview, dialogical narrative analysis and video ethnography, and found that her accounts played a pivotal role in evoking group reflections and drawing the conclusion of the project. I argue that participant reflexivity is a useful construct that can do justice to what participants can uniquely offer in participatory inquiries. The concept can also contribute to advancing knowledge of reflexivity by complementing the researcher‐focused predominant discourse on reflexivity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Platinum Highly Concave Cube with one Leg on each Vertex as an Advanced Nanocatalyst for Electrocatalytic Applications
Authors: Lai Jianping , Niu Wenxin , Qi Wenjing , Zhao Jianming , Li Suping , Gao Wenyue , Luque Rafael , Xu Guobao
Published: February 2015

Platinum highly concave cubes with one leg on each vertex (HCCLV) enclosed by {7 5 0} facets were conveniently synthesized for the first time through a one‐pot solvothermal method in a mixed solvent of oleylamine and isopropanol containing platinum(II) acetylacetonate. This method can also be extended to the synthesis of Pt dendrite nanocubes at shorter reaction times. Preferential overgrowth may facilitate the formation of Pt HCCLV in the presence of oleylamine and isopropanol. The Pt HCCLV exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of methanol (7.76×) and ethanol (5.46×) compared to commercial Pt black. Furthermore, the Pt HCCLV show higher stability than Pt dendrite nanocubes and commercial Pt black. The Pt HCCLV also remarkably improve the electrochemiluminescence activity of the luminol/H2O2 system.
Graphene and Selected Derivatives as Negative Electrodes in Sodium‐ and Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Pramudita James C. , Pontiroli Daniele , Magnani Giacomo , Gaboardi Mattia , Riccò Mauro , Milanese Chiara , Brand Helen E. A. , Sharma Neeraj
Published: February 2015

The performance of graphene, and a few selected derivatives, was investigated as a negative electrode material in sodium‐ and lithium‐ion batteries. Hydrogenated graphene shows significant improvement in battery performance compared with as‐prepared graphene, with reversible capacities of 488 mA h g−1 for lithium‐ion batteries after 50 cycles and 491 mA h g−1 for sodium‐ion batteries after 20 cycles. Notably, high rates of 1 A g−1 for graphene and 5 A g−1 for hydrogenated graphene indicate higher capacities in sodium‐ion batteries than in lithium‐ion batteries. Alternatively, nickel‐nanoparticle‐decorated graphene performed relatively poorly in lithium‐ion batteries. However, in sodium‐ion batteries they showed the highest reversible capacities of all studied batteries and graphene derivatives, with 826 mA h g−1 after 25 cycles with ≈97 % coulombic efficiency. Overall, minor modifications to graphene can dramatically improve electrochemical performance in both lithium‐ion and sodium‐ion batteries.
Porous Capsules with a Large Number of Active Sites: Nucleation/Growth under Confined Conditions
Authors: Garai Somenath , Rubčić Mirta , Bögge Hartmut , Gouzerh Pierre , Müller Achim
Published: February 2015

This work deals with the generation of large numbers of active sites and with ensuing nucleation/ growth processes on the inside wall of the cavity of porous nanocapsules of the type (pentagon)12(linker)30≡{(MoVI)MoVI5}12{MoV2(ligand)}30. A first example refers to sulfur dioxide capture through displacement of acetate ligands, while the grafted sulfite ligands are able to trap {MoO3H}+ units thereby forming unusual {(O2SO)3MoO3H}5− assemblies. A second example relates to the generation of open coordination sites through release of carbon dioxide upon mild acidification of a carbonate‐type capsule. When the reaction is performed in the presence of heptamolybdate ions, MoO42− ions enter the cavity where they bind to the inside wall while forming new types of polyoxomolybdate architectures, thereby extending the molybdenum oxide skeleton of the capsule. Parallels can be drawn with Mo‐storage proteins and supported MoO3 catalysts, making the results relevant to molybdenum biochemistry and to catalysis.
Visible Light Driven Hydro‐/Deuterodefunctionalization of Anilines
Authors: Majek Michal , Filace Fabiana , Jacobi von Wangelin Axel
Published: February 2015

The defunctionalization of anilines is an important strategy in aromatic‐substitution chemistry. Herein, we report on visible light mediated hydro‐ and deuterodediazonations in solutions of DMF. The mild reaction conditions (DMF, RT, no additives) tolerate various functional groups and allow the site‐specific introduction of D atoms to the arene. Mechanistic investigations indicate the participation of photoredox and radical chain pathways and competing abstraction of methyl and formyl hydrogen atoms from DMF.
Novel Peptide Chemistry in Terrestrial Animals: Natural Luciferin Analogues from the Bioluminescent Earthworm Fridericia heliota
Authors: Dubinnyi Maxim A. , Tsarkova Aleksandra S. , Petushkov Valentin N. , Kaskova Zinaida M , Rodionova Natalja S. , Kovalchuk Sergey I. , Ziganshin Rustam H. , Baranov Mikhail S. , Mineev Konstantin S. , Yampolsky Ilia V.
Published: February 2015

We report isolation and structure elucidation of AsLn5, AsLn7, AsLn11 and AsLn12: novel luciferin analogs from the bioluminescent earthworm Fridericia heliota. They were found to be highly unusual modified peptides, comprising either of the two tyrosine‐derived chromophores, CompX or CompY and a set of amino acids, including threonine, gamma‐aminobutyric acid, homoarginine, and unsymmetrical N,N‐dimethylarginine. These natural compounds represent a unique peptide chemistry found in terrestrial animals and rise novel questions concerning their biosynthetic origin.
ChemInform Abstract: Exceptional Superionic Conductivity in Disordered Sodium Decahydro‐closo‐Decaborate.
Authors: Udovic Terrence J. , et al. et al.
Published: February 2015

Na2B10H10 forms a disordered, face centered cubic phase above 360 K with a vacancy‐rich Na+ cation sublattice.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation, Structural, Thermogravimetric and Spectroscopic Study of Magnesium Potassium Arsenate Hexahydrate.
Authors: Abdija Zuldjevat , Najdoski Metodija , Koleva Violeta , Runcevski Tomce , Dinnebier Robert E. , Soptrajanov Bojan , Stefov Viktor
Published: February 2015

MgKAsO4·6H2O is precipitated from an aqueous KOH solution of KH2AsO4 by addition of aqueous MgSO4.
ChemInform Abstract: Ba2PO4I, Sr2PO4I, and Pb2PO4I — A New Structure Type and Three of Its Representatives.
Authors: Haberkorn Robert , Bauer Jessica , Kickelbick Guido
Published: February 2015

M2PO4I (M: Pb, Ba, Sr) are prepared via solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of M3(PO4)2 and 5% excess MI2 (sealed silica tubes, 600 °C for Pb and Sr compounds, 750 °C for the Ba compound, 6 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Primary Amine Attached to an N‐(Carboxyalkyl)imidazolium Cation: A Recyclable Organocatalyst for the Asymmetric Michael Reaction.
Authors: Kucherenko Alexandr S. , Lisnyak Vladislav G. , Chizhov Alexandr O. , Zlotin Sergei G.
Published: February 2015

A novel ionic‐liquid compound tethered with a chiral primary amine is successfully used as recyclable catalyst for the asymmetric Michael reaction of 4‐hydroxy‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one with α,β‐unsaturated ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Optically Active Bis(β‐hydroxy) Sulfones Through Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Corresponding Ketones Catalyzed by a Chiral Cationic Ruthenium Diamine Catalyst.
Authors: Huang Xiaofei , Zhao Min , Li Naikai , Li Haiyan , Li Jie , Wang Xingwang
Published: February 2015

An efficient asymmetric hydrogenation methodology for the synthesis of various bis(β‐hydroxy)sulfones with excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular [3 + 2 + 2] Cycloadditions Between Alkylidenecyclopropanes, Alkynes, and Alkenes.
Authors: Araya Marisel , Gulias Moises , Fernandez Israel , Bhargava Gaurav , Castedo Luis , Mascarenas Jose Luis , Lopez Fernando
Published: February 2015

leading to 5,7,5‐fused tricyclic systems
ChemInform Abstract: The Diels—Alder Reactions of para‐Benzoquinone Nitrogen‐Derivatives: An Experimental and Theoretical Study.
Authors: Uliana Marciana P. , Servilha Bruno M. , Alexopoulos Olga , de Oliveira Kleber T. , Tormena Claudio F. , Ferreira Marco A. B. , Brocksom Timothy J.
Published: February 2015

The most reactive dienophile is the N‐tosyl derivative, followed by p‐benzoquinone, N‐tosyl‐oxime, and the oxime derivative which does not react in this reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Methyltrichlorosilane as an Effective Activation Agent for Swern Oxidation.
Authors: Wang Yuanxun , Wang Chao , Sun Jian
Published: February 2015

A mild and efficient method for the oxidation of aryl as well as primary and secondary alkyl alcohols using a MeSiCl3‐DMSO system is developed which can be a useful alternative system for the Swern oxidation.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Isomerization/Bromination of Allylic Alcohols: Synthesis of α‐Bromocarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Gomez Antonio Bermejo , Erbing Elis , Batuecas Maria , Vazquez‐Romero Ana , Martin‐Matute Belen
Published: February 2015

A novel method for the synthesis of α‐bromoketones as single constitutional isomers is developed using an Ir‐catalyzed bromination/isomerization sequence starting from allylic alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylations of Chelated Enolates Using Vinyl Dioxolanon‐2‐ones.
Authors: Bayer Anton , Kazmaier Uli
Published: February 2015

The title reaction furnishes cyclic amino acid lactones.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Free Asymmetric and Diastereoselective Allylic Alkylation Using Grignard Reagents: Construction of Vicinal Stereogenic Centers via Kinetic Resolution.
Authors: Grassi David , Alexakis Alexandre
Published: February 2015

A transition metal free diastereoselective and enantioselective synthesis leading to compounds with vicinal chiral tertiary or quaternary centers using kinetic resolution is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Titanocene‐Catalyzed Metallation of Propargylic Acetates in Homopropargyl Alcohol Synthesis.
Authors: Meloche Jennifer L. , Vednor Peter T. , Gianino Joseph B. , Oliver Allen G. , Ashfeld Brandon L.
Published: February 2015

The titanium‐catalyzed metallation using Zn dust and carbonyl addition of propargylic acetates provides homopropargylic alcohols as mixtures of diastereomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters by Magnesium Catalyzed Direct Amination of β‐Ketoesters Using in situ Generated Nitrosocarbonyl Compounds as Nitrogen Sources.
Authors: Maji Biplab , Baidya Mahiuddin , Yamamoto Hisashi
Published: February 2015

The asymmetric hydroxyamination of β‐ketoesters with nitrosocarbonyl compounds generated in situ is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Mediated Direct Arylation of Unactivated Arenes in Air.
Authors: Huang Yuxing , Moret Marc‐Etienne , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M.
Published: February 2015

It is demonstrated that a preformed Fe/phen complex catalyzes the direct C‐H arylation with aryl iodides and bromides using excess KOtBu as the base without the use of an inert atmosphere and/or forcing conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium and TEMPO as Co‐Catalysts in a Desulfinative Homocoupling Reaction.
Authors: Ortgies Dirk H. , Chen Fei , Forgione Pat
Published: February 2015

Two sets of reaction conditions for the oxidative dimerization of aryl sulfinates to symmetrical biaryls using PdCl2 JohnPhos as the catalyst are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Approach to N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes with a Fused Tetracyclic Core: Ligands for Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Sutar Revannath L. , Kumar Vinod , Shingare Rahul D. , Thorat Shridhar , Gonnade Rajesh , Reddy D. Srinivasa
Published: February 2015

The synthesis of a novel N‐heterocyclic carbene complex composed of a tetracyclic scaffold is disclosed and its usability as a ligand in Pd‐catalyzed Suzuki—Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Facile and Rapid Friedel—Crafts Benzoylation of Arenes Catalyzed by Bismuth Trifluoromethanesulfonate.
Authors: Tran Phuong Hoang , Hansen Poul Erik , Pham Thuy Thanh , Huynh Vy Thanh , Huynh Vy Hieu , Tran Thao Du Thi , Huynh Thanh Van , Le Thach Ngoc
Published: February 2015

The title reaction proceeds with a variety of electron‐rich as well as electron‐poor aromatic compounds to yield the corresponding benzoylated products in good yield.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Practical Synthesis of BINAM Derivatives by Diastereoselective [3,3]‐Rearrangement.
Authors: Li Bing , Zhang Shengyong , Chen Weiping
Published: February 2015

Acid‐catalyzed [3,3]‐sigmatropic rearrangement of readily accessible N‐(‐)‐methoxycarbonyl‐dinaphthylhydrazines (IV) affords two easily separable diastereomers [(Rax) and (Sax)] of 2′‐amino‐1,1′‐binaphthylcarbamates (V), which can be easily hydrolyzed into enantiomerically pure 1,1′‐binaphthyl‐2,2′‐diamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Promoted Efficient Synthesis of Spiroindenotetrahydropyridine Derivatives via a Catalyst‐ and Solvent‐Free Pseudo One‐Pot Five‐Component Tandem Knoevenagel/Aza‐Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Bhuyan Debajyoti , Sarmah Manas M. , Dommaraju Yuvaraj , Prajapati Dipak
Published: February 2015

Spiroindenotetrahydropyridine derivatives are synthesized from 1,3‐indanedione (I), aromatic aldehydes (II), and ammonium acetate.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Carboannulation with Allylsilanes.
Authors: Ball‐Jones Nicolas R. , Badillo Joseph J. , Tran Ngon T. , Franz Annaliese K.
Published: February 2015

The first catalytic asymmetric [3 + 2] annulation of 3‐methylene substituted oxindoles with allylsilanes is developed to give spirocyclopentane derivatives in high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Promoted Domino Annulation of α‐Enolic Dithioesters with Ninhydrin under Solvent‐Free Conditions: Chemoselective Direct Access to Indeno[1,2‐b]thiophenes.
Authors: Koley Suvajit , Chowdhury Sushobhan , Chanda Tanmoy , Ramulu B. Janaki , Nandi Ganesh Chandra , Singh Maya Shankar
Published: February 2015

The title reaction of ninhydrin with dithioesters gives condensed thiophenes in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Indolines via Organocatalytic Thioester Enolate Addition Reactions.
Authors: Kolarovic Andrej , Kaeslin Alexander , Wennemers Helma
Published: February 2015

The synthesis of indolines (VIII) involves enantioselective addition of monothiomalonate (II) to nitrostyrenes and intramolecular Buchwald—Hartwig coupling reaction as the key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: CuBr‐Promoted Tandem Cyclization/Trifluoromethylation of 2‐Alkynylanilines: Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Trifluoromethylindoles.
Authors: Ge Guangcun , Huang Xiaojun , Ding Changhua , Li Hao , Wan Shili , Hou Xuelong
Published: February 2015

The title compounds (III) are obtained by using tandem cyclization/trifluoromethylation of 2‐alkynylanilines using Umemoto′s reagent (II) under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Choline Chloride Based Eutectic Solvents: Direct C‐3 Alkenylation/Alkylation of Indoles with 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Sanap Anita Kailas , Shankarling Ganapati Subray
Published: February 2015

The deep eutectic solvent derived from choline chloride and oxalic acid, is bio‐degradable, non‐toxic, insensitive towards moisture, recyclable, and cost‐effective.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of O‐Tosyl Azabicyclic Derivatives via Aza Prins Reaction of Endocyclic N‐Acyliminium Ions: Application to the Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Epi‐indolizidine 167B and 209D.
Authors: Saikia Anil K. , Indukuri Kiran , Das Jagadish
Published: February 2015

The synthesis of O‐tosylated azabicyclic compounds via Prins cyclization in which the p‐toluene sulfonic acid acts as a Broensted acid as well as a nucleophile is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile and Practical One‐Pot Synthesis of [1,2,4]Triazolo[4,3‐a]pyridines.
Authors: Vadagaonkar Kamlesh S. , Murugan Kaliyappan , Chaskar Atul C. , Bhate Prakash M.
Published: February 2015

Instead of NBS and DBU, trichloroisocyanuric acid or hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodobenze are used as well, delivering the products in essentially identical yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Synthesis of Various 2,3‐Diarylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines in PEG400 Medium Through One‐Pot Condensation and C—H Arylation.
Authors: Hiebel Marie‐Aude , Fall Yacoub , Scherrmann Marie‐Christine , Berteina‐Raboin Sabine
Published: February 2015

Microwave assisted condensation of 2‐aminopyridines with α‐bromoketones provides 2‐arylimidazopyridines.
ChemInform Abstract: Fe‐Catalyzed Direct Dithioacetalization of Aldehydes with 2‐Chloro‐1,3‐dithiane.
Authors: Lai Junshan , Du Wenbin , Tian Lixia , Zhao Changgui , She Xuegong , Tang Shouchu
Published: February 2015

Notable advantages of the title process are mild reaction conditions and good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanistic Insights into the Palladium‐Catalyzed Domino Synthesis of 10,11‐Dihydro‐5H‐dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepines.
Authors: Laha Joydev K. , Satyanarayana Tummalapalli K. S. , Gupta Ankur
Published: February 2015

A Pd‐catalyzed cyclocondensation of o‐phenylenediamines and 2‐bromobenzyl bromides is described to allow the synthesis of a range of substituted dibenzodiazepines.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Formation of Bridged Benzoxazocines Through an Organocatalytic Multicomponent Dienamine‐Mediated One‐Pot Cascade.
Authors: Ransborg Lars Krogager , Overgaard Mette , Hejmanowska Joanna , Barfuesser Sebastian , Joergensen Karl Anker , Albrecht Lukasz
Published: February 2015

A novel enantioselective one‐pot synthesis of bridged benzoxazocines from salicylaldehydes, anilines, and α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes using a L‐prolinol derivative as catalyst is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free sp3 C—H Functionalization: A Novel Approach for the Syntheses of Selenide Ethers and Thioesters from Methyl Arenes.
Authors: Badsara Satpal Singh , Liu Yi‐Chen , Hsieh Ping‐An , Zeng Jing‐Wen , Lu Shao‐Yi , Liu Yi‐Wei , Lee Chin‐Fa
Published: February 2015

Coupling of diphenylsulfide (XVIIIa) with ethylbenzene (VI) provides the thioether (XVIII) and none of the corresponding thioester.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of the Purported Structure of Sclerophytin F.
Authors: Clark J. Stephen , Delion Laetitia , Farrugia Louis J.
Published: February 2015

The synthesis of compound (I) is based on the proposed structure of natural product sclerophytin F.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Callipeltin B and M, Peptidyl Marine Natural Products.
Authors: Kikuchi Mari , Konno Hiroyuki
Published: February 2015

The total synthesis of linear callipeltin M (I) and cyclic callipeltin B (II) by the combination of Fmac solid‐phase peptide synthesis and cyclization and deprotection in solution phase is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Acyclic Congeners from Actinoalloteichus cyanogriseus Provide Insights into Cyclic Bipyridine Glycoside Formation.
Authors: Fu Peng , Zhu Yiguang , Mei Xiangui , Wang Yi , Jia Haijian , Zhang Changsheng , Zhu Weiming
Published: February 2015

Isolation and structural characterization of four new acyclic bipyridine glycosides, cyanogrisides E (Ia), F (Ib), G (IIa), and H (IIb) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Neighboring Group Participation Strategy: Direct and Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of 2‐Substituted and 2,2‐Bisubstituted Perhydrofuro[2,3‐b]pyran Derivatives.
Authors: Ma Xiaofeng , Tang Qin , Ke Jun , Zhang Jichao , Yang Xinglong , Shen Xudong , Shao Huawu
Published: February 2015

The stereochemistry of the products is established by extensive NMR experiments and X‐ray analysis of compound (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (‐)‐Pseudotabersonine, (‐)‐Pseudovincadifformine, and (+)‐Coronaridine Enabled by Photoredox Catalysis in Flow.
Authors: Beatty Joel W. , Stephenson Corey R. J.
Published: February 2015

The alkaloids (‐)‐pseudotabersonine (I), (‐)‐pseudovincadifformine (II) and (+)‐coronaridine (III) are synthesized from commercially available (+)‐catharanthine by Ir‐catalyzed photoredox reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Crinipellin A.
Authors: Kang Taek , Song Seog Boem , Kim Won‐Yeob , Kim Byung Gyu , Lee Hee‐Yoon
Published: February 2015

The first asymmetric total synthesis of (‐)‐crinipellin A from 2‐methyl‐2‐cyclopenten‐1‐one is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanomaterials via Solution Combustion Synthesis: A Step Nearer to Controllability
Authors: Wen Wei , Wu Jin‐Ming
Published: February 2015

Review: 117 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Specific Features of the Structure of Monomeric Octahedral D0‐Rhenium(VII) Oxo Complexes
Authors: Sergienko V. S. , Churakov A. V.
Published: February 2015

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organometallic Intermediate‐Based Organic Synthesis: Organo‐Di‐Lithio Reagents and Beyond
Authors: Zhang Wen‐Xiong , Xi Zhenfeng
Published: February 2015

Review: 96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Denitrogenative Transformations of 1,2,3‐Triazoles and Related Compounds
Authors: Anbarasan Pazhamalai , Yadagiri Dongari , Rajasekar Shanmugam
Published: February 2015

Review: [91 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Site‐Specific PEGylation of Proteins: Recent Developments
Authors: Nischan Nicole , Hackenberger Christian P. R.
Published: February 2015

Review: 69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Naturally Occurring Organoiodines
Authors: Wang Lishu , Zhou Xuefeng , Fredimoses Mangaladoss , Liao Shengrong , Liu Yonghong
Published: February 2015

Review: literature published from 1896 to 2014; 290 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Difluoromethylation and Trifluoromethylation Reagents Derived from Tetrafluoroethane β‐Sultone: Synthesis, Reactivity and Applications
Authors: Zhang Cheng‐Pan , Chen Qing‐Yun , Guo Yong , Xiao Ji‐Chang , Gu Yu‐Cheng
Published: February 2015

Review: 419 refs.
Solid Phase Extraction of Trace Elements in Water and Tissue Samples on a Mini Column with Diphenylcarbazone Impregnated Nano‐TiO2 and Their Determination by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry
Authors: Baytak Sıtkı , Arslan Zikri
Published: February 2015

This study presents a simple, robust, and environmentally friendly solid phase extraction procedure for multi‐element determination by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES) using diphenylcarbazone (DPC) impregnated TiO2 nanopowder (n‐TiO2). DPC was successfully impregnated onto n‐TiO2 in a colloidal solution. A number of elements, including Co(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), and Zn(II) were quantitatively preconcentrated from aqueous solutions between pH 8 and 8.5 at a flow rate of 2 mL min−1, and then eluted with 2 mL of 5% HNO3 (v/v). A mini‐column packed with 0.12 g DPC impregnated n‐TiO2 retained all elements quantitatively from an up to 250 mL multi‐element solution (2.5 μg per analyte) affording an enrichment factor of 125. The limits of detection for the preconcentration of 50 mL blank solutions (n = 12) were 0.28, 0.15, 0.25, 0.22, 0.12, and 0.10 μg L−1 for Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn, respectively. The relative standard deviation for five replicate determinations was 0.8, 3.4, 2.6, 2.2, 1.2, and 3.3% for Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn, respectively, at a 5 μg L−1 level. The method was validated with analysis of freshwater and lobster hepatopancreas certified reference materials, and then applied to the determination of the elements from tap water and lake water samples by ICP‐OES.
Comprehensive mutation profiling by next‐generation sequencing of effusion fluids from patients with high‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Shah Ronak H. , Scott Sasinya N. , Brannon A. Rose , Levine Douglas A. , Lin Oscar , Berger Michael F.
Published: February 2015

BACKGROUND

Mutation analysis for personalized treatment has become increasingly important in the management of different types of cancer. The advent of new DNA extraction protocols and sequencing platforms with reduced DNA input requirements might allow the use of cytology specimens for high‐throughput mutation analysis. In this study, the authors evaluated the use of effusion fluid for next‐generation sequencing‐based, multigene mutation profiling.

METHODS

Four specimens from each of 5 patients who had at least stage III, high‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma were selected: effusion fluid; frozen tumor; formalin‐fixed, paraffin embedded tumor; and matched normal blood. Frozen tumors from each patient were previously characterized by The Cancer Genomic Atlas (TCGA). DNA was extracted from all specimens and was sequenced using a custom hybridization capture‐based assay. Genomic alterations were compared among all specimens from each patient as well as with mutations reported in TCGA for the same tumors.

RESULTS

In total, 17 distinct somatic mutations were identified in the cohort. Ten of 17 mutations were reported in TCGA and were called in all 3 malignant specimens procured from the patients. Of the remaining 7 mutations, 2 were called in all 3 specimens, and the other 5 were sample‐specific. Two mutations were detected only in the cytology specimens. Copy number profiles were concordant among the tumors analyzed.

CONCLUSIONS

Cytology specimens represent suitable material for high‐throughput sequencing, because all mutations described by TCGA were independently identified in the effusion fluid. Differences in mutations detected in samples procured from the same patient may reflect tumor heterogeneity. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2015;123:289–97. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Ionic Fluids Containing Both Strongly and Weakly Interacting Ions of the Same Charge Have Unique Ionic and Chemical Environments as a Function of Ion Concentration
Authors: Wang Hui , Kelley Steven P. , Brantley Jimmy W. , Chatel Gregory , Shamshina Julia , Pereira Jorge F. B. , Debbeti Varun , Myerson Allan S. , Rogers Robin D.
Published: February 2015

Liquid multi‐ion systems made by combining two or more salts can exhibit charge ordering and interactions not found in the parent salts, leading to new sets of properties. This is investigated herein by examining a liquid comprised of a single cation, 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ([C2mim]+), and two anions with different properties, acetate ([OAc]−) and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([NTf2]−). NMR and IR spectroscopy indicate that the electrostatic interactions are quite different from those in either [C2mim][OAc] or [C2mim][NTf2]. This is attributed to the ability of [OAc]− to form complexes with the [C2mim]+ ions at greater than 1:1 stoichiometries by drawing [C2mim]+ ions away from the less basic [NTf2]− ions. Solubility studies with molecular solvents (ethyl acetate, water) and pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen, diphenhydramine) show nonlinear trends as a function of ion content, which suggests that solubility can be tuned through changes in the ionic compositions.
Epitaxial growth of magnetic semiconductor EuO on silicon by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Averyanov Dmitry V. , Teterin Peter E. , Sadofyev Yuri G. , Likhachev Igor A. , Primenko Alexey E. , Tokmachev Andrey M. , Storchak Vyacheslav G.
Published: February 2015

Functional oxides demonstrate a wide range of magnetic, optical and transport properties. Their integration with silicon promises significant advances in electronics. An important key in enabling brand‐new oxide technologies is the utilization of silicon/oxide epitaxy, thus making quality of the interface a critical issue. The progress depends on our ability to avoid formation of impurity phases at the interface and to tackle structural mismatch of the oxide and Si. We design a novel chemical protection of Si (001) surface on the submonolayer scale based on the surface metal silicide with the (1×5) reconstruction. This new technique is applied to the long‐standing problem of integration of a ferromagnetic semiconductor with Si. Direct epitaxial growth of EuO on Si without any buffer layer, so far inaccessible, is achieved by molecular beam epitaxy. The nucleation step, comprising first 10 monolayers of EuO, is followed by a distillation‐controlled growth. An alternative to standard capping procedures for EuO, based on controlled formation of an amorphous Eu2O3 layer, is devised. Crystal perfection of the films is established ex situ by x‐ray diffraction and Rutherford backscattering. Magnetic properties of the EuO films match those of the bulk.
Polar Group and Defect Engineering in a Metal–Organic Framework: Synergistic Promotion of Carbon Dioxide Sorption and Conversion
Authors: Jiang Zhuo‐Rui , Wang Hengwei , Hu Yingli , Lu Junling , Jiang Hai‐Long
Published: February 2015

A sulfone‐functionalized metal–organic framework (MOF), USTC‐253, has been synthesized that exhibits a much higher CO2 uptake capacity (168–182 %) than the corresponding unfurnished MOFs. The introduction of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) during the synthesis of USTC‐253 affords defect‐containing USTC‐253‐TFA with exposed metal centers, which has an increased CO2 uptake (167 %) compared to pristine USTC‐253. USTC‐253‐TFA exhibits a very high ideal adsorption solution theory selectivity (S=75) to CO2 over N2 at 298 K. In addition, USTC‐253‐TFA demonstrates good catalytic activity and recyclability in the cycloaddition of CO2 and epoxide at room temperature under 1 bar CO2 pressure as a result of the presence of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites, which were evaluated by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy with a CO probe molecule. We propose that the CO2 adsorption capability has a positive correlation with the catalytic performance toward CO2 conversion.
Quantitative image analysis of cell colocalization in murine bone marrow
Authors: Mokhtari Zeinab , Mech Franziska , Zehentmeier Sandra , Hauser Anja E. , Figge Marc Thilo
Published: February 2015

Long‐term antibody production is a key property of humoral immunity and is accomplished by long‐lived plasma cells. They mainly reside in the bone marrow, whose importance as an organ hosting immunological memory is becoming increasingly evident. Signals provided by stromal cells and eosinophils may play an important role for plasma cell maintenance, constituting a survival microenvironment. In this joint study of experiment and theory, we investigated the spatial colocalization of plasma cells, eosinophils and B cells by applying an image‐based systems biology approach. To this end, we generated confocal fluorescence microscopy images of histological sections from murine bone marrow that were subsequently analyzed in an automated fashion. This quantitative analysis was combined with computer simulations of the experimental system for hypothesis testing. In particular, we tested the observed spatial colocalization of cells in the bone marrow against the hypothesis that cells are found within available areas at positions that were drawn from a uniform random number distribution. We find that B cells and plasma cells highly colocalize with stromal cells, to an extent larger than in the simulated random situation. While B cells are preferentially in contact with each other, i.e., form clusters among themselves, plasma cells seem to be solitary or organized in aggregates, i.e., loosely defined groups of cells that are not necessarily in direct contact. Our data suggest that the plasma cell bone marrow survival niche facilitates colocalization of plasma cells with stromal cells and eosinophils, respectively, promoting plasma cell longevity. © 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Mapping the development of cerebellarPurkinje cells in zebrafish
Authors: Hamling Kyla R. , Tobias Zachary J.C. , Weissman Tamily A.
Published: February 2015

The cells that comprise the cerebellum perform a complex integration of neural inputs to influence motor control and coordination. The functioning of this circuit depends upon Purkinje cells and other cerebellar neurons forming in the precise place and time during development. Zebrafish provide a useful platform for modeling disease and studying gene function, thus a quantitative metric of normal zebrafish cerebellar development is key for understanding how gene mutations affect the cerebellum. To begin to quantitatively measure cerebellar development in zebrafish, we have characterized the spatial and temporal patterning of Purkinje cells during the first 2 weeks of development. Differentiated Purkinje cells first emerged by 2.8 days post fertilization and were spatially patterned into separate dorsomedial and ventrolateral clusters that merged at around 4 days. Quantification of the Purkinje cell layer revealed that there was a logarithmic increase in both Purkinje cell number as well as overall volume during the first 2 weeks, while the entire region curved forward in an anterior, then ventral direction. Purkinje cell dendrites were positioned next to parallel fibers as early as 3.3 days, and Purkinje cell diameter decreased significantly from 3.3 to 14 days, possibly due to cytoplasmic reappropriation into maturing dendritic arbors. A nearest neighbor analysis showed that Purkinje cells moved slightly apart from each other from 3 to 14 days, perhaps spreading as the organized monolayer forms. This study establishes a quantitative spatiotemporal map of Purkinje cell development in zebrafish that provides an important metric for studies of cerebellar development and disease. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 75: 1174–1188, 2015
Ionic liquids improve the selective synthesis of hydrophilic glyceryl ferulates by the enzymatic transesterification of ethyl ferulate with monostearin: Comparison with organic solvents
Authors: Sun Shangde , Hu Bingxue , Song Fanfan , Bi Yanlan
Published: February 2015

Glyceryl ferulates (GMF + GDF, combination of glyceryl monoferulate and glyceryl diferulate), and feruloylated acylglycerols (FMAG + FDAG, combination of feruloylated monoacylglycerols, and feruloylated diacylglycerols) are hydrophilic and lipophilic derivatives of ferulic acid (FA), which can be used as antioxidants and UV absorbers in food and other fields. In this study, the effect of ionic liquids (ILs) and organic solvents on the enzymatic transesterification of ethyl ferulate (EF) with monostearin was investigated. The effects of reaction time, temperature, and enzyme load on EF conversion and reaction selectivity were also evaluated and optimized using response surface methodology. Among ILs tested, high EF conversion (98.4 ± 0.5%), and reaction selectivity for GMF + GDF (0.81) were obtained in [Emim]TF2N; and for organic solvents tested, EF conversion (72.7 ± 1.5%) and reaction selectivity (0.75) were achieved in n‐hexane. Results also showed that, compared with n‐hexane, [Emim]TF2N can improve the selective synthesis of GMF + GDF, and [Emim]TF2N also shows significant protection on the enzyme inactivation at high temperature (90°C). The activation energies (Ea) of hydrolysis to form GMF + GDF and transesterification to form FMAG + FDAG were 51.98 and 43.49 kJ/mol in [Emim]TF2N, 72.35, and 53.11 kJ/mol in n‐hexane, respectively. , , and in [Emim]TF2N were 0.01, 0.19 mol/L, and 4.13 × 10−4mol/(L · min), respectively.

Practical applications: In this work, FMAG + FDAG and GMF + GDF were prepared by enzymatic transesterification of EF with monostearin. During the reaction, the competitive reaction of the hydrolysis of monostearin to form hydrophilic GMF + GDF and the transesterification of monostearin and EF to form lipophilic FMAG + FDAG take place in parallel. The effect of ionic liquids (ILs) and organic solvents on the competitive reaction was investigated. Compared with organic solvent (n‐hexane), IL ([Emim]TF2N) is apt to the formation of hydrophilic GMF + GDF; and [Emim]TF2N shows remarkably protective effect on the inactivation of enzyme at high temperature up to 90°C than that (65°C) of n‐hexane. This study can give information about the influence of different reaction media on the enzymatic transesterification and reaction selectivity.

Enzymatic transesterification of ethyl ferulate (EF) with monostearin to produce hydrophilic glyceryl monoferulate (GMF)+glyceryl diferulate (GDF) and lipophilic feruloylated monoacylglycerols (FMAG)+feruloylated diacylglycerols (FDAG) in ionic liquids or organic solvents.
Indium‐Catalyzed Reductive Sulfidation of Aromatic Carboxylic Acids and Aldehydes with Elemental Sulfur to Prepare Symmetrical Benzyl Sulfides
Authors: Miyazaki Takahiro , Nishino Kota , Yoshimoto Shunsuke , Ogiwara Yohei , Sakai Norio
Published: February 2015

Described herein is a direct approach to symmetrical thioethers from either aromatic carboxylic acids or aromatic aldehydes with elemental sulfur (S8) by using a reducing system combined with InI3 and 1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDS). This sulfidation does not require functionalized sulfur reagents, such as sulfides, disulfides, or metal sulfides, and it simultaneously forms two carbon–sulfur bonds in a single catalytic system.
Chiral Phase‐Transfer‐Catalyzed Intramolecular aza‐Michael Reactions for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Isoindolinones
Authors: Lebrun Stéphane , Sallio Romain , Dubois Mélanie , Agbossou‐Niedercorn Francine , Deniau Eric , Michon Christophe
Published: February 2015

Asymmetric intramolecular aza‐Michael reactions catalyzed by cinchoninium phase‐transfer organocatalysts are used for the synthesis of optically active isoindolinones. Selected oligomeric cinchoninium salts are efficient and selective catalysts for the intramolecular addition of alkenylated benzamide substrates. The resulting compounds are useful intermediates for the synthesis and development of benzodiazepine‐receptor agonists.
A Cascade Aza‐Cope/Aza‐Prins Cyclization Leading to Piperidine Derivatives
Authors: Nallasivam Jothi L. , Fernandes Rodney A.
Published: February 2015

The cascade aza‐Cope/aza‐Prins cyclization of homoallylamines to give substituted piperidines has been explored. The use of glyoxalic acid as the carbonyl component afforded bicyclic structures as a result of the internal carboxylate anion trapping the intermediate cation. The unimolecular bis‐, tris‐, and tetrakis(homoallylamine)s efficiently delivered the appended bis‐, tris‐ and tetrakis(piperidine‐4‐ol)s (tripod and crucifix shape, respectively) as new entities. The latter compound served as an excellent ligand in the Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction to synthesize incrustoporin.