bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The concept of microsimulation of processes of joining dissimilar materials by plastic deformation
Authors:   Institute of New Materials and Technologies, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Salikhyanov Denis ,   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Michurov Nikolay ,   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg,   Ural Institute of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Ekaterinburg
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Bond strength between dissimilar materials is the most important characteristic of laminated composites, which determines the success of its development for industrial use. In order to develop the theory of joining materials by plastic deformation, it is proposed to perform computer simulation of joint deformation of representative volumes of dissimilar materials on a microscale and compare the parameters of the stress-strain state with the previously presented theoretical mechanism. The aim of this work is to analyze the stress-strain state of dissimilar materials under plastic deformation on a microscale and to establish the location of the onset of fracture of surface oxide films. To achieve this aim, the following tasks of the work are formulated: 1) to study the surface profiles of dissimilar materials to be bonded by plastic deformation; 2) to simulate by the finite element method (FE) the plastic deformation of contact surfaces of dissimilar materials on a microscale; 3) to study the stages of joint deformation of dissimilar materials on a microscale and verify of the theoretical mechanism. Research methodology. The study of three-dimensional topography and roughness was carried out on a Veeco Wyko NT1100 Optical Profiling System. Deform-3D FE simulation package was chosen as the main research tool. Aluminum alloys AMg3 and D16 were chosen as the materials under study. Results and discussion. In this work, computer FE simulating of the joint deformation of the surface layers of AMg3 and D16 alloys on a microscale was performed, an analysis of the surface profiles of materials after various types of processing was carried out, the parameters of the stress-strain state were studied and compared with the parameters of the theoretical mechanism. Based on the results of the comparison, the adequacy of the proposed theoretical mechanism was assessed, and the practical difficulties of theoretical simulation of the joint deformation of dissimilar materials on the microscale were noted. Microscale FE simulation made it possible to study the flow of plastic deformation in the near-surface layers of materials, as well as to identify areas of the most probable fracture of surface oxide films and, consequently, areas of primary bonding of dissimilar materials.
Economical crankshaft design through topology analysis for C type gap frame power press SNX-320
Authors:   Atmiya University, Rajkot, India, Tratiya Darshan , Sheladiya Manojkumar ,   Atmiya University, Rajkot, India, Acharya Ghanshyam ,   Atmiya University, Rajkot, India, Acharya Shailee ,   Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Technology, Affiliated to GTU, Vasad, India
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The presses are powered machines having stationary beds and slides (rams) which have controlled sliding motion towards and away from the beds, guided by the frames. Metal can be worked in power press in a wide verity of ways like punching, shearing, forming, etc. Crankshaft is one of the basic components for power transmission, which transmits rotary motion to sliding motion in the mechanical power press. It is around this element that all stresses and deformations are concentrated. The purpose of the study: rationalization of the design of the crankshaft, taking into account the strength characteristics of the frame, connection screws, tie rods. The methods include two stages of crankshaft design development: 1) modelling in parametric cad software; 2) FE analysis in Ansys-22R1. The existing as well as the improved design of the crankshaft was investigated by the FE method with topology analysis. Topology is part of FE analysis as well as Generative design. Result and Discussion. The design of the crankshaft, including the bearing assembly, depends largely on the maximum pressure that will be generated at the bottom of the stroke, and this is carefully considered when designing other parts of the presses. Based on the results of the topology analysis of the crankshaft structure, it was found that an increase in the strength of this structural element is possible by adding additional material in the area of potential destruction. During the study, it was possible to develop a rational design of the crankshaft with improved mechanical properties compared to the existing one, which will increase the service life of the crankshaft, preventing its failure.
Structure and properties of HEA-based coating reinforced with CrB particles
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Ruktuev Alexey , Yurgin Aleksandr ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Shikalov Vladislav ,   Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Ukhina Arina ,   Institute of solid state chemistry and mechanochemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Chakin Ivan ,   Budker Institute of nuclear physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Domarov Evgeny ,   Budker Institute of nuclear physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Dovzhenko Gleb ,   SRF “SKIF”, Koltsovo, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Currently, a new class of materials, namely high-entropy alloys, is an active area of research. One of the areas of its application is the fabrication of protective coatings with high performance properties. The high-entropy alloy of CoCrFeNiMn composition is characterized by high ductility, which is retained both at elevated and cryogenic temperatures, as well as high thermal stability and, thus, can be considered as promising materials for protective coatings formation. At the same time, its disadvantages are low hardness and strength. It is known that the reinforcement of the CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy with hardening particles is an effective way to improve the mechanical properties of coatings. It is assumed that the addition of hardening boride particles affects positively on the mechanical characteristics of the alloy. The aim of this work is to study the structural and phase states and wear resistance of coatings based on a CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy reinforced with CrB particles. Coatings obtained by the method of non-vacuum electron-beam surfacing of powder mixtures with different mass ratios of CoCrNiMn metal powders to the CrB powder (100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30) are studied in this work. To investigate the structure and phase composition of the coatings, such methods as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were applied. To study the elemental composition, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis was used. The mechanical properties were evaluated based on the microhardness measuring results. The wear resistance of the coatings was determined under conditions of dry sliding friction during reciprocating motion. Results and discussion. The addition of CrB powder to the surfacing mixture led to the formation of eutectic structures. When 5 wt. % CrB was added, a hypoeutectic structure is formed in the coating. An increase in the amount of CrB leads to the formation of coatings with a hypereutectic structure containing primary borides. The main phases found in the coatings are the fcc solid solution, and (Cr,Mn,Fe)2B, (Ni,Co,Mn)2B, CrB borides. All the studied coatings are characterized by an adhesive wear mechanism. The addition of 20 % and 30 % CrB to the surfacing mixture composition results in the wear resistance increase of the high-entropy alloy-based coatings by 3.6 and 6.1 times, respectively.
Extraction of bioactive compounds from Peruvian purple corn cob (Zea Mays L.) by dynamic high pressure
Authors: Guillén Sánchez Jhoseline Stayce , Betim Cazarin Cinthia Baú , Regina Canesin Miriam , Reyes Reyes Felix , Hoshi Iglesias Amadeu , Cristianini Marcelo
Published: September 2023

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of dynamic high pressure at different processing temperatures, on the extraction of bioactive compounds from Peruvian purple corn cob. The purple corn cobs were ground and sieved to then be mixed with an acidified 20% ethanol-water solution (pH 2) in a 1:30 (w/v) ratio. The hydroalcoholic extracts were subjected to maceration and high dynamic pressure processes varying temperature (25 °C to 60 °C) and pressure (0.01 MPa - 60 MPa), and the bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The results showed that dynamic high pressure at 60 MPa / 45 °C was capable of obtaining extracts with bioactive compound contents and high antioxidant activity corresponding to those obtained using the conventional process of 2.5 hours / 65 °C. Seven different anthocyanins were identified by liquid chromatography in the extracts obtained by the dynamic high pressure, mainly cyanidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-glucoside, and their respective malonyl derivatives. The dynamic high pressure increased the extraction of anthocyanins by more than 108% and obtained them in one step, thus appearing as a new alternative, eco-friendly method for the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant tissues.
Validation of the incorporation of emotional response in consumer-based sensory development: case study in Peruvian craft beers
Authors: Liñan-Pérez Jhoselyn , Puma-Isuiza Gustavo , Valdez-Arana Jenny
Published: September 2023

It is important to identify the emotional response and sensorial needs of consumers to get commercial success of the alimentary sector in order to improve the consumption experience. Obtaining attractive characteristics through the application of the Kano model allows increase the consumer satisfaction. Furthermore, the Napping®-Ultra Flash Profile (UFP) methodology makes it possible that producers of craft beers may well reliably characterize their products. Likewise, the use of External Preference Mapping (EPM) allows the identification of those highly accepted products. In this sense, the goal of the present study was to validate, through the application of EPM, that the incorporation of the Kano model in the sensory design increases consumer satisfaction in turn obtaining the sensory profile of Peruvian craft beers. The Kano model permitted to determine the attractive characteristics of representative craft beers of the Lima market: the presence of exotic fruits, fruity smell, presence of Andean cereals and high alcoholic grade, and, based on these characteristics, a prototype of craft beer was developed. By using Napping®-UFP, consumers positioned and described the six samples of Peruvian craft beers (five commercial brands and the prototype), we found that the prototype developed showed floral smell, herbal odor, fruity smell, light golden color, bubbly, exotic fruits, and high alcoholic grade. The EPM showed that 80% of consumers scored the prototype with a high grade of taste. Finally, putting together these techniques turns out to be useful in obtaining products that are highly accepted by the consumer and this methodology could be applied to other products.
Convolutional neural networks ResNet-50 for weevil detection in corn kernels
Authors: Analuisa Aroca Iván Alberto , Vergara-Romero Arnaldo , Pérez Almeida Iris Betzaida
Published: September 2023

The article explores the use of convolutional neural networks, specifically ResNet-50, to detect weevils in corn kernels. Weevils are a major pest of stored maize and can cause significant yield and quality losses. The study found that the ResNet-50 model was able to distinguish with high precision between weevil-infested corn kernels and healthy kernels, achieving values ​​of 0.9464 for precision, 0.9310 for sensitivity, 0.9630 for specificity, 0.9469 for quality index, 0.9470 for the area under the curve (AUC) and 0.9474 for the F-score. The model was able to recognize nine out of ten weevil-free corn kernels using a minimal number of training samples. These results demonstrate the efficiency of the model in the accurate detection of weevil infestation in maize grains. The model's ability to accurately identify weevil-affected grains is critical to taking rapid action to control the spread of the pest, which can prevent significant economic losses and preserve the quality of stored corn. Research suggests that the use of ResNet-50 offers an efficient and low-cost solution for the early detection of weevil infestation in corn kernels. These models can quickly process large amounts of imaging data and perform accurate analysis, making it easy to identify affected grains.
TURGUT ÖZAL TIP MERKEZİ AMELİYATHANE VE LABORATUVAR ÇALIŞANLARINDA 2017 YILINDAKİ HEPATİT B SERO-PREVALANSI VE ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER
Authors: DİRİCAN Abuzer , ERSAN Veysel , PEHLİVAN Erkan
Published: September 2023

Amaç

Hepatit B virüsü (HBV) insan sağlığını tehdit eden

önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Sağlık çalışanlarında kan

ve kan ürünleriyle bulaşan HBV ile enfekte olma riski

genel topluma göre daha yüksektir. Bu çalışmada

Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi ameliyathane ve laboratuvar

çalışanlarındaki HBV sero-prevalansını (HBsAg ve

Anti-HBs) ve bu prevalansı etkileyen faktörleri incelemeyi

amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem

Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi’nde ameliyathane ve laboratuvarda

çalışan 180 sağlık çalışanının 2017 yılı

içerisindeki HBsAg ve Anti-HBs sonuçları kaydedildi.

Hazırlanan bilgi formundaki sorulara ait cevaplar

(cinsiyet, öğrenim durumu, medeni durumu, meslek,

çalıştığı yer, doğduğu yer, çalıştığı süre, ailede HBV

seropozitifliği, kan transfüzyonu) burada çalışanlarla

yüz yüze görüşülerek elde edildi. İstatistiksel veriler

ise SPSS 18 programı kullanılarak değerlendirildi.

Bulgular

180 adet sağlık personeli değerlendirildi. Bunlardan

81’i (%45) erkek ve 99’u (%55) kadın idi. Erkeklerde

yaş ortalaması 34,5±7,8 iken, kadınlarda 35,3±6,5 idi.

Çalışmaya katılan personelin 71’i (39,7%) hemşire,

57’si (31,8%) anestezi teknisyeni, 35’i (19,6%) biyolog/

kimyager ve 16’sı (8,9%) idari personeldi. Sadece

3 çalışanda HBsAg pozitif olduğundan çalışanların değişkenleri

ile Anti-HBs pozitifliği (bağışıklık) arasında

istatistiksel ilişki değerlendirildi. Sadece Anti-HBs pozitifliği

(n=152, %85,4) ile çalışılan yer arasında istatistiksel

olarak anlamlı (p=0,048) bir ilişki saptandı.

Sonuç

Çalışanlarda Anti-HBs pozitiflik oranı %85,4 idi. HBs

antikor pozitifliğiyle çalışılan yer arasında istatistiksel

anlamlı bir ilişki vardı. Bu da laboratuvar çalışanlarında

bağışıklık oranının daha yüksek olmasından kaynaklanıyordu.

HBV için risk altında olan sağlık personelinin

bu virüs açısından taranması ve HBV’ye karşı

bağışık olmayanların aşılanması gerekmektedir.
COVİD-19 PANDEMİ DÖNEMİNDE AKUT APANDİSİT Mİ, NEGATİF APENDEKTOMİ Mİ AZALDI?
Authors: YALAZA Metin , KESKİNKILIÇ YAĞIZ Betül , COŞKUN Serdar
Published: September 2023

Amaç

Pandemi döneminde hastanelerden duyulan korku ve

kısıtlamalar acil serviste hasta başvurularını önemli ölçüde

azaltırken çeşitli cerrahi hastalıkların ciddiyetinde

kayda değer bir artışına neden olmuştur. Çalışmamızda

ameliyat edilen akut apandisit olgularının başvuru

anındaki hastalık ciddiyetini ve negatif apendektomi

oranlarını belirleyerek bu sonuçları pandemi olmayan

dönemle karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem

Pandemi döneminde (12.03.2020- 31.05.2020) ve

pandemi olmayan dönemde (12.03.2019-31.05.2019)

apandisit nedeniyle tedavi edilen 152 hastanın verileri

geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Apendektomi sayıları,

komplike akut apandisit oranları, apandiks çapları, inflamatuar

belirteçler, tanısal amaçla tercih edilen görüntüleme

yöntemleri ve hastaların hastanede yatış

süreleri ile ilgili veriler analiz edildi.

Bulgular

Pandemi döneminde bir önceki yılın aynı zaman aralığına

kıyasla apendektomi sayısının %41,6 oranında

azaldığı tespit edildi. Pandemi döneminde lökosit ve

nötrofil sayısı ve apendiks çapının pandemi olmayan

döneme göre anlamlı oranda arttığı izlendi (sırasıyla

p=0.003,p=0.014,p=0,013). Her iki dönemde hastanede

yatış süreleri açısından anlamlı farklılık izlenmedi.

Pandemi döneminde anlamlı oranda olmasada bilgisayarlı

tomografi kullanımının arttığı (%59,3’e karşı

%73,3) ve USG kullanımının azaldığı (%40,7’ye karşı

%26,7) tespit edildi. Komplike olmayan akut apandisit

ve malignite oranlarının her iki dönemde benzer olduğu

izlendi (sırasıyla %63,5, %67,9 ve %2,1, %1,8).

Pandemi döneminde anlamlı oranda olmamakla birlikte

komplike apandisit oranının arttığı (%16,7’ye karşı

%23,2) ve negatif apendektomi oranının azaldığı

(%17,7’ye karşı %7,1) izlendi.

Sonuç

Pandemi öncesi dönemle kıyaslandığında komplike

apandisit ve negatif apendektomi oranlarında tespit

ettiğimiz ancak istatistiksel olmayan farkla ilgili mevcut

literatürden kesin hüküm çıkarmak mümkün değildir.

Pandemi apandisitin tanı zamanının yanı sıra seyrini

ve tedavi yaklaşımını de etkilemiştir.
Blockchain and Freedom to Conduct a Business: Between Myth and Reality
Authors: Della Pietra Attilio
Published: September 2023

Recent advances in technology have demonstrated the enormous flexibility of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), whose potential goes well beyond the cryptocurrency trading. This article explores the potential impact that the utilization of a permissioned blockchain could have on listed companies and how this could be an appropriate instrument for a more effective implementation of the provisions of the Shareholder Rights Directive II. This technological infrastructure could attest the correct formation of will within the shareholders’ meeting and contribute to the creation of a truly democratic space for the meeting and discussion among shareholders, thus allowing achievement of freedom to conduct a business. However, the most advanced use of blockchain technology has a disruptive effect and exposes us to the great danger of an “algocratic” drift. Therefore, this article analyses the main critical issues from both a technical and legal viewpoint of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs).
Redox status of blood lymphocytes in patients with soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Goroshinskaya I. A. , Kaplieva I. V. , Frantsiyants E. M. , Vashchenko L. N. , Kachesova P. S. , Lapteva T. O. , Ausheva T. V. , Nemashkalova L. A. , Trepitaki L. K. , Pandova O. V.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The proven significance of free radical disorders in oncopathology determines the relevance of their study in soft tissue sarcomas (STS), which are characterized by a tendency to recurrence and high mortality of patients.

Aim. To study the indicators of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection in blood lymphocytes in primary and recurrent STS, depending on the sex and age of patients.

Materials and methods. In 51 patients with primary STS, T2bN0M0 (17 men and 34 women) and in 34 patients (14 men and 20 women) with relapses, the level of lipid peroxidation products – malondialdehyde and diene conjugates, activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, total peroxidase activity, the level of reduced glutathione were studied by spectrophotometric methods. Patients were divided by age: ≤45 years and >45 years. The comparison groups (donors) consisted of 12 men and 17 women divided into the same age subgroups.

Results. In men >45 years old with primary sarcomas, there was an increase in diene conjugates by 2.2 times, with relapses by 2.4 times, and in young men - only with relapses by 2.6 times. The level of malondialdehyde in men did not change with primary sarcomas, with relapses it was reduced in both age groups by 2.4–2.6 times. In women with primary STS, there was an increase in most of the studied parameters in both age groups by 1.6–1.9 times. The increase in diene conjugates level and superoxide dismutase activity was the most pronounced (>3 times) in patients of the older age group. The increase in glutathione peroxidase activity in primary STS in young women was 2.3 times, and in the older age group in patients of both sexes it was 5 times. In half of the women with relapses developed no earlier than 3 years after treatment, a decrease in both lipid peroxidation products by 2.6–3.4 times was found, and in all women almost 4-fold activation of superoxide dismutase and 8-fold glutathione peroxidase with an increase in the level of reduced glutathione by 7 times took place, which was significantly higher than in men. For women of the older age group, a 3-fold increase in the ratio of superoxide dismutase/total peroxidase activity is characteristic for primary STS and almost 5-fold for recurrence.

Conclusion. In primary STS, the activation of lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant enzymes in women is more pronounced than in men. Changes in most indicators are more typical for patients of older age groups, in which relapse was accompanied by a decrease in malondialdehyde in patients of both sexes and maximum activation of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in women.
Femoro-popliteal autogenous venous bypass in surgical treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the lower limbs: clinical case
Authors: Zubarev A. L. , Kurilchik A. A. , Starodubtsev A. L. , Ivanov V. E. , Iofik V. V. , Kuznetsova K. S.
Published: September 2023

Sarcomas are common among a rare and heterogeneous group of solid tumors of mesenchymal origin, accounting for only 1 % of all adult malignancies. Soft tissue sarcoma arises primarily from the embryonic mesoderm with some involvement of the neuroectoderm. The modern World Health Organization clinical and morphological classification includes more than 100 forms of these tumors. The diagnostic methods and treatment modalities of soft tissue sarcomas have evolved with the multidisciplinary approach. The standard treatment for localized phase sarcomas is local excision followed by radiotherapy, but since 2010 preoperative radiotherapy has been considered the preferred option (according to the recommendations of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, NCCN). The use of vascular surgery and femoropopliteal autovenous grafting in surgical tactics allows performing radical operations with limb preservation. The article presents a clinical case of treatment of a patient with a diagnosis of soft tissue leiomyosarcoma of the right popliteal region. In the volume of combined treatment, the surgical intervention – removal of a soft tissue tumor low part of the right thigh and popliteal fossa with resection of the posterior thigh muscle group together with the involved popliteal artery, with simultaneous femoropopliteal autovenous prosthetics – was performed.
LONG-TERM FORECASTING OF THE START DATE OF SPRING FLOOD IN THE UPPER OF THE SOUTHERN BUH RIVER BY TELECONNECTION INDICES
Authors:   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Service Emergencies of Ukraine, Kyiv, Khrystiuk B.F. , Gorbachova L.О. ,   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Service Emergencies of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: September 2023

The start date of spring flood is an important hydrological characteristic. Insufficient attention is paid to its long-term forecasting, which is due to the complexity and unsolved problem in terms of improving the quality of such forecasting. Most often, quantitative methods are used in long-term forecasting. The most used are statistical, correlation, and regression analysis. Recently, teleconnection indices and patterns are increasingly used in hydrological long-term forecasting. At the same time, the basis of the concept of forecasting by the teleconnection connections is the idea of the influence of distant fluctuations of atmospheric circulation on the hydrological event. So, the theteleconnection indices and patterns are used for forecasting and analysis of river flow, atmospheric precipitation, research of snow water equivalent of river basins, forecasting of droughts and ice phenomena. The objective of this of the study is to develop a methodology of the long-term forecast of the spring flood start date in the upper part of the Southern Buh River using teleconnection indices and patterns. The method of long-term forecasting of the start date of spring flood was developed for the Southern Buh River – Lelitka village water gauge. The Southern Buh River – Lelitka village water gauge is located in the forest zone and characterizes homogeneous conditions of the formation of spring flood. Information on the start dates of spring flood for the observation period 1966-2015 and teleconnection indices and patterns were used. The start dates of spring flood at the Southern Buh River near Lelitka village are characterized by significant variability. So, the difference between late and early dates of spring flood is 65 days. 34 teleconnection indices and patterns were used, which the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration USA were determined. The best regression relationship with the start dates of spring flood at the South Buh River – Lelitka village water gauge was obtained for the indices WPAC850 in January and AAO in December. The technique corresponds to the “satisfactory” category for the probability of not exceeding the permissible error, which allows it to be used for forecasting. So, the teleconnection indices and patterns can be quite successfully used in the long-term forecasting of the start date of spring flood.
Contrato de reaseguro: Un análisis de su modificación bajo el principio de comunidad de suerte
Authors: Rosero Gomajoa Juan Pablo , Bernal Sánchez Federico Nicolás , Bravo Bernal Daniel Andrés
Published: September 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el cuestionamiento sobre si el reasegurado puede modificar el contrato de seguro y vincular obligatoriamente a los reaseguradores bajo el principio de comunidad de suerte. Para ello, desde una metodología basada en el paradigma cualitativo, con una revisión bibliográfica como técnica de recolección de información y un método jurídico lógico-deductivo, se abordó doctrina y jurisprudencia tanto nacional como internacional, mediante la cual se pudo llegar a la conclusión que la modificación del contrato de reaseguro, para vincular a los reaseguradores directamente con el asegurado, no tendría aplicación bajo la luz del principio de comunidad de suerte y en consecuencia desnaturalizaría los contratos al romper la autonomía e independencia entre estos.
Evolución de pacientes con Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico diagnosticados de dengue en la epidemia del 2020
Authors: Ibarra Bruno , Holt Cynthia , Leiva Evelyn , Benegas Eric , Bernal Cynthia , Paats Astrid , Valinotti Vannia , Cardozo Fatima , Rojas Alejandra , Acosta-Colmán Isabel
Published: September 2023

El dengue es una virosis endémica en Paraguay. En los últimos años, se ha reportado su probable papel en la fisiopatología de las enfermedades autoinmunes, ya que puede desencadenarlas o exacerbarlas. Objetivos: Evaluar la evolución de los pacientes con Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico (LES) con diagnóstico de dengue en el periodo de tiempo entre enero de 2020 a marzo de 2020. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico de corte longitudinal, con una muestra de 19 pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES), diagnosticados de dengue en etapa febril entre enero y marzo del año 2020. Se recogieron datos mediante un registro electrónico con datos específicos de las características clínicas previas al den- gue y las características evolutivas del dengue en los pacientes con LES. Se determinó el antígeno NS1 mediante pruebas rápidas inmunocromatográficas y se extrajo el ARN viral previo a la reacción de rRT-PCR. Se midió el índice de anticuerpos IgG e IgM anti-DENV. Resultados: La edad media fue de 32,10±13,83 años; el 84% eran mujeres y el 98% pro- cedían del Departamento Central. El 42% (8/19) de los pacientes afirmaron haber padecido dengue anteriormente. De los 19 pacientes, 15 presentaron una confirmación laboratorial mediante la detección del antígeno NS1, la PCR o la serología, como se muestra en el gráfico 1; los demás se incluyeron en esta cohorte por nexo epidemiológico. El DENV-4 fue el serotipo más frecuente, con un 64%. La media del tiempo de evolución del dengue fue de 3,84±1,259 días y los síntomas más comunes fueron la fiebre en un 74%(14/19) y las mialgias en un 63%(12/19). En cuanto a la evolución de los pacientes, el 42% (8/19) requirieron hospitalización, el 5,2%(1/19) ingresaron en UCI y no hubo fallecimientos. La media de SLEDAI al inicio de la infección por dengue fue de 2,5 puntos y a los tres meses fue de 3 puntos; no se halló una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los valores del score antes y después del dengue (p=0,451). Conclusión: La evolución del dengue en pacientes con LES fue favorable en los pacientes incluidos en este estudio. La PCR fue el método diagnóstico que con mayor frecuencia pudo detectar un resultado positivo en la etapa febril del dengue en pacientes con LES. Aunque se registraron ingresos hospitalarios, incluso en UCIA, no se produjo ningún falle- cimiento por dengue en pacientes con LES.
Reporte de casos con deformidad articular: Artropatía de Jaccoud
Authors: Acosta Sanabria Rodrigo , Ortiz Torres Sara Esther , Rolón López Julio César
Published: September 2023

El médico Francois-Sigismond Jaccoud, describió en 1869 en un paciente joven con fiebre reumática (FR), algunas deformidades articulares que las mismas consistían en deformaciones clásicas observadas en la artritis reumatoide (AR), tales como el cuello de cisne, la subluxación del pulgar, la desviación cubital, pero que la principal diferencia tenían la característica de que las mismas eran reductibles al movimiento pasivo, por lo cual se las denominó con el nombre de artropatía de Jaccoud (AJ). Caso Clínico: Primer caso: Paciente femenino de 23 años, de profesión ama de casa, con antecedente de deformidad en manos y pies desde los 6 años aproximadamente, sin tratamiento. Niega manifestaciones sistémicas, artralgias. Segundo caso: Paciente femenino de 61 años, de profesión ama de casa, procedente del área rural, con diagnóstico de Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico (LES) desde los 23 años, con antecedente de deformidad en manos y pies desde esa misma edad aproximadamente, actualmente con tratamiento con hidroxicloroquina y prednisona. Refiere manifestaciones articulares como artralgias ocasionales en manos con edema importante en los dedos. Conclusión: La artropatía de Jaccoud (AJ) es un transtorno articular reversible crónico no erosivo que puede ocurrir después de episodios repetidos de artritis.
Caracterización y mortalidad de pacientes con enfermedades Reumatológica ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos adultos del Paraguay
Authors: Figueredo Jessica , Colmán Iris , Fretes Federico , Pederzani Marcelo , Fontclara Lorena , Caballero Ricardo , Añazco Patricia , Bianco Hugo , Figueredo Belinda
Published: September 2023

Las enfermedades reumatológicas no son infrecuentes en la población general. Este grupo de pacientes suele requerir hospitalización por diversas causas y hasta un tercio puede ingresar a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). El pronóstico puede ser desfavorable, sobretodo en presencia de compromiso renal. Objetivo: Caracterizar a los pacientes reumatológicos ingresados a Cuidados Intensivos y determinar la mortalidad. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal. Los datos fueron obtenidos de las historias clínicas de los pacientes con enfermedades reumatológicas ingresados al Departamento de Cuidados Intensivos Adultos del Hospital de Clínicas desde enero de 2021 hasta diciembre de 2022. Resultados: Veintinueve pacientes con enfermedades reumatológicas ingresaron en los dos años de estudio. Con una mediana de edad de 37 años (RIC 22,5), veintitrés fueron mujeres (79,31%). Tenían lupus eritematoso sistémico veinte pacientes (68,9%); cinco con artritis reumatoide (17,2%) y los cuatros pacientes restantes tenían enfermedad mixta del tejido conectivo, Síndrome de Sjogren, Síndrome de Superposición y Vasculitis de Churg Strauss (3,44%). Las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron: hipertensión arterial (55%) y nefropatía (41,3%). Las causas de ingreso a la UCI fueron médicas (62%) y quirúrgicas (38%). Entre las médicas, la insuficiencia respiratoria aguda fue el principal motivo (44%), seguido por shock (27%) e infecciones sobre agregadas (11,1%). La puntuación media de APACHE II (Age and Chronic Health Evaluation) fue 17 ± 10; SOFA al ingreso (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment): 6 ± 8,5 y en los pacientes lúpicos la Escala de SLEDAI (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Measure): 10,6 ± 8,3. Recibieron asistencia respiratoria mecánica (ARM) 19 pacientes (65,5%) con una mediana de días de ARM de 6 (RIC 9). Utilizaron drogas vasoactivas 65,5% y hemodiálisis 17,2%. Se administró metil- prednisolona a 10 de los pacientes (37,9%), además 4 de ellos requirieron ciclofosfamida y 3 inmunoglobulinas. Durante su hospitalización desarrollaron falla renal aguda 13 (44,8%) y sobreinfecciones12 pacientes (41,3%), de los cuales en 6 se aislaron Gram positivos en sangre. La mediana de estancia fue de 6 días (RIC:10) y la mortalidad en UCI fue del 37,9% (11 pacientes). Conclusiones: En nuestro estudio la población fue principalmente de mujeres jóvenes con comorbilidades, que ingresaron graves a terapia intensiva, la mayoría por causas médicas. Dos tercios requirieron ARM y drogas vasoactivas. Presentaron complicaciones como la falla renal aguda y sobreinfecciones bacterianas. La mortalidad fue del 38%, solo un poco mayor que la correspondiente al escore de gravedad del ingreso.
Gamification Approaches for Improving Engagement and Learning in Small and Large Engineering Classes
Authors:   the Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics at the University of Liverpool, UK, McIntosh David , Al-Nuaimy Waleed , Ataby Ali Al , Sandall Ian , Selis Valerio , Allen Shawnee
Published: September 2023

Engineering education can be particularly challenging when dealing with abstract or highly technical concepts such as mathematics, signals, digital electronics, electronic systems, and programming. Tutorial sessions are often ineffective as a result of poor attendance and engagement, with these effects exacerbated by large class sizes, non-homogenous student groups, and the pressures of hybrid and remote learning. Gamification of some aspects of formative assessments and tutorials using mobile and app-based quizzes has proved to be successful in improving lecture theatre dynamics, reducing distractions and enhancing student attendance and engagement. Such gamified sessions can be perceived as engaging, competitive, visually appealing, and entertaining, while providing instant feedback and empowering students to navigate their own learning. Careful gamification of problem classes for engineering topics can enable more effective self-regulation of learning through a combination of effort regulation and metacognition. This paper presents both lowand high-threshold gamification strategies adopted in a U.K. higher education setting to enhance student learning in a set of challenging undergraduate engineering courses ranging from less than 30 students to more than 180 students, and qualitatively assesses impact and student reactions. While there is much literature canvassing student opinions on gamification, extensive individual student voice tends to be missing. Therefore, one of our authors, who is a recent graduate, presents a detailed reflection on her experiences of gamification. Finally, we present some conclusions for further exploration and adoption by practitioners, considering the most effective ways to deploy the various types of gamification. These conclusions include recommendations to use app-based quiz games with anonymous participation both within and outside the classroom, gamifying either single sessions or the course as a whole, and the need to continue supplementing quiz-game learning with more traditional problems and worked solutions.
Student Retention in Fully Online Programmes at Two South African Universities
Authors:   the Directorate of Comprehensive Online Education Services, University of Pretoria, South Africa, Moodley Kimera , Wyk Mari van , Tive Donald , Zyl Izak van , Cronje Johannes
Published: September 2023

Literature indicates that low retention rates are evident in online modules and programmes. However, a much higher student retention rate than anticipated was observed in two fully online programmes at two South African universities. To explore this retention phenomena, a non-experimental quantitative study was done. The study uses descriptive statistics to identify trends and patterns in student retention and applies non-parametric statistics to test the significance of the observed patterns. Typically, students in a fully online carousel model programme drop out after the first module, specifically in the first two weeks of the module. After the third module, student retention stabilises. Similar patterns are visible in the year model, where students typically drop out within the first three months of their first year. Dropout continues in the second year, resulting in two distinct linear phases of dropout. However, in year 3, approximately 50% of the retained students continued. Findings reveal critical dropout periods. Further studies can be conducted to determine the causes of dropout so that measures can be implemented to improve student retention in higher education.
Development of DICTY-AR Integrated Local Wisdom to Improve Multiple Representation and Problem-Solving Skills
Authors:   the Department of Physics Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Alfianti Arshi , Kuswanto Heru , Rahmat Anggi Datiatur , Nurdiyanto Reno
Published: September 2023

This study aims to develop augmented reality (AR) as a learning media that can be accessed on smartphones to improve students’ multiple representation and problem-solving skills, named direct current electricity-augmented reality (DICTY-AR). The media integrated with Javanese local wisdom ‘Wayang’ performance to make learning more interesting and closer to the student environment. The development adopted the 4D model. Two content experts, two media experts, and four practitioners validated the media. The validation result of the developed media shows a V index between 0.80–1.00 for all aspects with very high categories. The readability test was administered to 20 students and gained very good results. Therefore, it can be concluded that DICTY-AR is suitable for learning direct current electricity as a physics concept. An expanded test was conducted to see the effectiveness of the media was developed. DICTY-AR effectively contributed 89.7% in learning physics to improve students’ multiple representation and problem-solving skills. Learning using DICTY-AR is more effective and positively impacts students in learning physics.
A Multi-criteria-Based Expert Modeling for Assessing the Textbook Quality
Authors:   the Department of Informatics and Informatization of education, Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Nurbekova Zhanat , Sembayev Talgat , Dossymbek Dauren , Baigusheva Kanagat , Omarov Sayat , Nurlanov Yeldos
Published: September 2023

This research considers the application of a multi-criteria approach to assess the quality of textbook content. The issues of determining evaluation criteria and organizing the work of experts are brought to the fore, as these factors directly affect the objectivity and efficiency of the evaluation process. The definition of criteria consisted of reviewing common mistakes and comments on the quality of textbooks, forming a preliminary and final list of criteria. The organization of the work of the experts consisted in the development of a platform with the introduction of a multi-criteria approach. As a result, 39 criteria were formulated and proposed, grouped into 10 main sections such as “Structure and organization”, “Content”, “Didactic aspects”, “Methodological aspects”, “Language level”, “Psychological and psycholinguistic aspects”, “Cultural and Value Aspects”, “ICT Integration”, “Differentiation Aspects”, and “Layout and Design”. The work of experts in the developed expert system is described, which helps in making a decision. The implementation of the multi-criteria approach in this expert system is the main contribution of the research work, which helps to improve the process of evaluating textbooks. The paper presents the results of the survey among 44 experts that helped to identify the most significant criteria which affect the evaluation a textbook. The paper presents the results of the survey among 44 experts that helped to identify the most significant criteria which affect the evaluation a textbook. Moreover, the base of allowed errors was formulated for the following types: for illustrations, QR codes, for texts, for the language of presentation, technical errors, content errors, errors for multimedia objects.
An M-MIAP Learning Model to Develop Engineering Competency of Pre-Engineering Students via Metaverse
Authors:   Department of Technological Education and Information, Faculty of Technical Education, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand, Thongprasit Junjiraporn , Piriyasurawong Pallop
Published: September 2023

This research aimed to develop an M-MIAP learning model via Metaverse to develop the engineering competencies of pre-engineering students, and to evaluate the appropriateness of the model. This research is divided into two phases. In the first phase, literature studies of various learning models were conducted to construct the matrix of Metaverse elements and engineering competency for the M-MIAP model. The second phase was the evaluation of the appropriateness of the developed M-MIAP model by various expert stakeholders in the fields of information technology, communication technology, Metaverse, and pre-engineering. It was found that the M-MIAP model consists of input, M-MIAP learning process, engineering competency, and feedback. This research uses Metaverse in the learning process to provide students with a new virtual dimension experience. This collaborative learning process also results in a deeper comprehension of the subject matter and increases educational opportunities for students. The assessment result was rated as “very good”, suggesting the suitability of the overall learning model. This indicates that the M-MIAP model can be utilized to cultivate engineering competencies in pre-engineering students, and to prepare for the impending transition to the digital era. It also supports the educational system in achieving the same level of enduring quality.
The Use of Code Mixing in the Japanese Viral Song Entitled “Shinunoga E-Wa”
Authors: Utomo Kireina Fernanda , Khasanah Ismatul
Published: September 2023

Numerous languages are spoken in various countries. It is widely acknowledged that English holds the status of a worldwide language. English is frequently employed as a language of code mixing within the context of musical compositions. In the viral Japanese song titled "Shinunoga E-Wa" by Fujii Kaze, there is an amalgamation of Japanese and English linguistic elements. This study refers to the work of Lee (2004), who categorized the findings into six distinct categories of English code mixing. The present study employs a qualitative methodology known as content analysis. The data source utilized in this study originates from the song titled "Shinunoga E-Wa". The data was obtained through purposive sampling in order to select samples that possess specific criteria (Sugiyono, 2020). According to Lee (2004), the findings indicated the presence of two distinct forms of code mixing, specifically five variations related to aesthetic elements and an additional five variations associated with the expression of unresolved identity. The utilization of English code mixing demonstrates the efficacy of promoting Shinunoga E-Wa's music on social media platforms, extending its reach beyond the confines of Japan's mainstream audience.
A Study on the Specific Combining Ability in Several Inbred Lines of Maize
Authors: Kustanto Heri , Hendrayana Febri
Published: September 2023

Maize is a cereal crop essential to fulfill the need for food and support global food security programs. Maize hybrid varieties play a very significant role in increasing maize production. Objectives of the research were to obtain a tester, which is consistent in identifying inbred lines with a high specific combining ability, and to obtain prospective crossed-hybrids that have the potential assembling to be maize hybrid varieties. The grain yield showed that the specific combining ability values ranged from -3682.2 to 5251.7. Crosses that have high and positive specific combining ability included lines of JG-11, JG-18, JG-34, JG-01, JG-40, JG-B0, JG-19, and JG-02 with a tester of JG-T00; lines of JG-20, JG-01, JG-03, JG-42, JG-02, JG-46, and tester of JG-T14; lines of JG-24, JG-08, JG-23, JG-26, JG-21, JG-07, and JG-06 with a tester of JG-T15; lines of JG-38, JG-40, JG-35, JG-36, JG-01, JG-51, JG-17, JG-B0, and JG-08 with tester of JG-T22; and lines of JG-07, JG-01, JG-26, JG-24, and JG-18 with tester of JG-T37. There were combinations of 9 crosses between inbred lines and the best testers, including JG-06XJG-T15, JG-51XJG-T22, JG-49XJG-T22, JG-B0XJG-T22, JG-35XJG-T22, JG-38XJG-T22, JG-17XJG-T22, JG-36XJG-T22, and JG-49XJG-37, which are potential as prospective maize hybrids that have high productivity.
Diversity and Allelopathic Potential of Weeds in Swampland
Authors: Sujinah Sujinah , Margaret Swisci , Agustiani Nurwulan , Ningsih Rina Dirgahayu , Rumanti Indrastuti Apri
Published: September 2023

Weeds are plant disturbing organism that affect yields through competition and allelopathy. However,  not much is known about weed diversity in swamps, so research is needed to identify their types and compounds as a weed control strategy. This study was conducted using a survey method from January to March 2020 at the Barito Kuala District, South Kalimantan. Thirty villages were randomly selected from each of the eight chosen subdistricts. Out of the twenty-six weed species identified, there were ten species of grasses, seven sedges, and nine broadleaves. The results showed that the weed species were dominated by Cyperus halpan, Eleocharis dulcis, and Cynodon dactylon (L.), with an SDR of 23.46, 16.73, and 10.03, respectively. The analysis of GC-MS showed that the weeds contained four similar compounds: neophyte diene, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and stigmasterol. The largest compound content in C. halpan was diisocotyl phthalate (48.49%), while in E. dulcis and C. dactylon the largest were o-phthalic acid and mono-2-ethylhexyl-ester (69.36 and 40.23%). Moreover, weed allelochemicals are classified into fatty acids, steroids, esters, and other volatile compounds, where some have the potential for allelopathy that inhibits crop growth.