bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyperpolarized 129Xe Ventilation and Gas Exchange Images Acquired in a Single 10 s Breath-hold.
Authors: Niedbalski Peter , Hall Chase , Castro Mario
Published: August 2023

Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI (Xe-MRI) can be used to acquire images of pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange. These ventilation and gas exchange images are typically acquired in separate breath-holds, which lengthens scan time, increases cost, and requires more of patients. We have combined 3D spiral (FLORET) ventilation imaging with radial 1-point Dixon gas exchange imaging within a single-breath-hold scan. This single-breath-hold scan produces both a gas exchange and a “high-resolution” (4x4x4 mm3 voxels) ventilation image that are qualitatively and quantitatively similar to images acquired in dedicated breath-holds. This increase in efficiency improves the clinical feasibility of hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI.
Quantitative assessment of peripheral metabolism and perfusion with dynamic 1H MRI in healthy and diabetic individuals
Authors: Wahidi Ryan , Zhang Yi , Li Ran , Zayed Mohammed , Hastings Mary , Zheng Jie
Published: August 2023

The objective of this study is to analyze the efficacy of quantitative PCr MRI in quantifying differing muscle tissue PCr kinetics in healthy individuals and diabetic patients. Healthy subjects and diabetic patients underwent PCr and perfusion imaging in calf muscle at rest, during isometric plantarflexion, and for a recovery period. Only the healthy group displayed moderate correlation between PCr and perfusion. The diabetic patient group displayed attenuated recovery speed of PCr after exercise and no correlation between PCr and perfusion.
Evaluation of Meniscus Degeneration in Patients with Posterior Root Tear of Medial Meniscus Using T2* Mapping at 7T – Comparison with Arthroscopy
Authors: Zbyn Stefan , Kajabi Abdul Wahed , Rodriguez Ariel , Metzger Gregory , LaPrade Robert , Ellermann Jutta
Published: August 2023

Although T2 mapping allows noninvasive evaluation of meniscus degeneration, its application at 7T requires spin echo sequences with relatively long repetition times to meet the specific absorption rate (SAR) limits which can restrict the resolution of maps. This 7T study evaluates the potential of T2* mapping for the assessment of meniscal degeneration in six patients with arthroscopically verified posterior root tears of the medial meniscus and in healthy volunteers. Increased T2* in degenerated meniscus regions suggest T2* mapping is sensitive to meniscus degeneration. T2* mapping is a promising biomarker of early meniscal degeneration which is less SAR-demanding than T2 mapping.
A comparison of muscle pennation angles measured with DTI fiber tractography and 3D-ultrasound
Authors: Secondulfo Laura , Eggelbusch Moritz , Wust Rob , Weide Guido , Jaspers Richard , Nederveen Aart , Hooijmans Melissa , Strijkers Gustav
Published: August 2023

Pennation angle is an important architecture parameter to understand muscle functioning. It is commonly measured using 2D ultrasound. However, it is difficult to infer 3D muscle architecture from 2D imaging. Therefore, we compare the pennation angle measurements obtained with 3D-DTI fiber-tractography and 3D-ultrasound (3D-US). We acquired data of the Vastus Lateralis muscle in 9 healthy subjects. The mean pennation angle with 3D-US was 18.9°± 5.9°, whereas we found 33.3°±6.7° (straight fiber approximation) and 34.5°±4.8°(curved fiber fit) for DTI fiber-tractography. These differences between 3D-US and DTI could be of technical or physiological origin.
Comparison of [6-17O]glucose metabolism in tumor and normal brain using 9L rat glioma model
Authors: Schepkin Victor , Levenson Cathy , Helsper Shannon , Sherry Dean
Published: August 2023

Labeled glucose[6-17O] was used to evaluate differences in glucose metabolism between normal and tumor brain tissue. Experiments were performed using an intracranial 9L glioma model at 21.1 T magnet by observing changes of 17O-water and 17O-glucose MR peaks. The estimated rate of the total glucose metabolism in 9L glioma was approximately 11 times more than in the normal brain. Correspondingly, glucose metabolism rate is 7.5 times more in glioma at the enolase step. 17O MRI/MRS is an encouraging tool for assessing the differences in glucose metabolism in various cancer cells.
Feasibility and repeatability of oxygen-enhanced T1 measurements in primary colorectal cancer: a prospective study in 22 patients.
Authors: Prezzi Davide , Neji Radhouene , Dregely Isabel , Jeljeli Sami , Bassett Paul , Cook Gary , Goh Vicky
Published: August 2023

Oxygen-enhanced ΔT1 tumor measurements were feasible in 12/22 colorectal cancer patients by means of single-slice MOLLI. A small but statistically significant negative tumor ΔT1 was found overall, in line with the expected response in well perfused and oxygenated tissue [mean (95% CI) ΔT1 = -33 (-41, -25) msec; mean tumor T1 = 1545 ± 163 msec]. A significant negative MOLLI ΔT1 was found in muscle. Repeatability and interobserver agreement were acceptable. Multi-slice variable-flip-angle VIBE tumor T1 measurements were degraded by motion or susceptibility artefact. Technical developments aimed at mitigating artefact and amplifying ΔT1 are needed for future clinical translation.
Investigating the origin of the BOLD initial dip with biophysical simulations based on realistic microvascular networks: flow or metabolism?
Authors: Pfannmoeller Joerg , Hartung Grant , Berman Avery , Polimeni Jonathan
Published: August 2023

We used simulations to achieve insights about the nature of the initial dip and found that it is indeed possible that retrograde propagation causes a local decoupling between hemodynamics and neural activity localized to the upper layers of the cortex. The simulations allowed to assess the contributions of the different simultaneously occurring contributions and point towards a high specificity of the initial dip to the capillaries or the veins. A methodological difficulty was posed by the limited availability of arterial dilation data. Therefore, we derived dilation traces from the measurements and determine a range of possible propagation velocities.
3D-CAIPI-BUDA and Joint Hankel Low-Rank Reconstruction Enable Rapid and Distortion-free High-Resolution T2* Mapping and QSM
Authors: Chen Zhifeng , Liao Congyu , Cao Xiaozhi , Poser Benedikt , Xu Zhongbiao , Lo Wei‐Ching , Wen Manyi , Cho Jaejin , Tian Qiyuan , Wang Yaohui , Feng Yanqiu , Chen Wufan , Xia Ling , Liu Feng , Bilgic Berkin
Published: August 2023

Quantitative imaging has been very useful in neuroscientific and clinical applications, including glioma, tumor diagnosis and prognosis, brain maturation, and Alzheimer's disease. EPI is a powerful tool for quantitative imaging owing to its extremely fast acquisition. This work aims to develop a distortion-free, blip-up/down acquisition (BUDA) 3D-EPI with controlled aliasing in parallel imaging (CAIPI) sampling and joint Hankel low-rank image reconstruction for fast and robust multi-contrast high-resolution whole-brain imaging. The developed technique could generate distortion-free high-resolution whole-brain T2* mapping and quantitative susceptibility mapping in 47s at 1.1×1.1×1 mm3 resolution.
Deep learning-based brain MRI reconstruction with realistic noise
Authors: Dou Quan , Feng Xue , Meyer Craig
Published: August 2023

Fast imaging techniques can speed up MRI acquisition but can also be corrupted by noise, reconstruction artifacts, and motion artifacts in a clinical setting. A deep learning-based method was developed to reduce imaging noise and artifacts. A network trained with the supervised approach improved the image quality for both simulated and in vivo data.
A single artificial neural network solution to detect pancreatic and lung cancer from high-resolution 1H MR plasma/serum spectra
Authors: Solaiyappan Meiyappan , Bharti Santosh , Dbouk Mohamad , Nizam Wasay , Brock Malcolm , Goggins Michael , Bhujwalla Zaver
Published: August 2023

Early detection of cancers using blood-based analytes for routine screening is a rapidly advancing area. Here, we developed a neural-network based solution to detect pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with high sensitivity and specificity using human plasma and serum samples to discriminate between subjects with no known pancreatic or lung disease, subjects with benign disease and subjects with PDAC or NSCLC.
Model-based PSF-encoded multi-shot EPI reconstruction with low-rank constraints
Authors: Meyer Nolan , In Myung-Ho , Kang Daehun , Shu Yunhong , Huston John , Bernstein Matt , Trzasko Joshua
Published: August 2023

Echo planar imaging (EPI) is commonly used clinically for its speed, but is sensitive to non-idealities including system field inhomogeneity and subject-specific susceptibility effects. Multi-shot techniques encoding an auxiliary point-spread-function (PSF)-encoding dimension provide robustness to off-resonance effects, with demonstrated potential for diffusion and anatomic applications, but incur scan time penalties motivating acquisition and reconstruction strategies to increase acceleration. This work proposes a comprehensive model-based iterative reconstruction framework for anatomic PSF-encoded EPI scans incorporating low-rank constraints, directly reconstructing undistorted images from undersampled data. Advantages are demonstrated using brain MRI data acquired on a compact 3T MRI system.
How Many Diffusion Directions Are Needed to Suppress Spherical Harmonic Aliasing in Fiber Orientation Density Functions?
Authors: Moss Hunter , Jensen Jens
Published: August 2023

A fiber orientation density function (fODF) gives the angular density of axonal fibers within a white matter voxel. Estimated fODFs obtained with diffusion MRI are prone to aliasing errors, depending on the number of diffusion directions used in the data acquisition. Here these errors are quantified for several typical fODFs represented with spherical harmonic expansions truncated at a specified degree. Choosing the number of directions equal to 2 to 3 times the number of adjustable parameters in the spherical harmonic expansion is found to be sufficient to reduce aliasing errors to a low level.
Evaluation of MR Fingerprinting at 0.55T
Authors: Zhu Zhibo , Lee Nam Gyun , Tian Ye , Javed Ahsan , Griswold Mark , Campbell-Washburn Adrienne , Nayak Krishna
Published: August 2023

We perform a thorough comparison of MRF with reference relaxometry approaches on a NIST/ISMRM phantom and a healthy volunteer. In the NIST phantom, relative bias from -4.7% to 27.7% for the NiCl2 vials and from 5.01% to 28% for the MnCl2 vials within a biological relevant T1 and T2 range. In-vivo, MRF has good repeatability (variations <2%) but substantial bias in WM and GM against the reference approach.
Improving Synthetic MRI from Estimated Quantitative Maps with Deep Learning
Authors: Kumar Sidharth , Tamir Jonathan
Published: August 2023

Synthetic MRI has emerged as a tool for retrospectively generating contrast weightings from tissue parameter maps, but the generated contrasts can show mismatch due to unmodeled effects. We looked into the feasibility of refining arbitrary synthetic MRI contrasts using conditional GANs. To achieve this objective we trained a GAN on different experimentally obtained inversion recovery contrast images. As a proof of principle, the RefineNet is able to correct the contrast while losing out on finer structural details due to limited training data.
Self-Supervised Deep Learning for Highly Accelerated 3D Ultrashort Echo Time Pulmonary MRI
Authors: Miller Zachary , Johnson Kevin
Published: August 2023

The goal of this work is to reconstruct highly undersampled frames from dynamic Non-Cartesian acquisitions using deep learning. In this setting, supervised data is difficult to obtain due to organ motion necessitating self-supervision. The challenge is that acquisitions are often so data-starved that self-supervised reconstructions that use only spatial correlations fail to recover fine details. Here, we leverage correlations across time frames, and show that even when data is misaligned, it is possible to reconstruct highly accelerated frames using self-supervised methods. We demonstrate the feasibility of this technique by reconstructing end-inspiratory phase images from respiratory binned Pulmonary UTE acquisitions.
Axon radius mapping using multi-TE diffusion MRI from clinical scanners
Authors: Ning Lipeng , Rathi Yogesh
Published: August 2023

Diffusion MRI is sensitive to heterogeneity tissue microstructure. Recent methods for axon diameter estimation rely on diffusion MRI data acquired using advanced scanners with b-values higher than 6000 s/mm2 so that signals from extra-axonal components vanish because of the underlying relative high diffusivity. In this work, we introduce a method for axon diameter estimation that uses diffusion MRI with two TEs and relative lower b-values acquired using clinical scanners. Our method separates signals from intra- and extra-axonal components by exploiting the b-value-dependent relaxation coefficients. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated using in vivo data acquired from a clinical scanner.
Effect of Static Background Gradients on Diffusion Contrast Near Large Metallic Implants
Authors: Lee Philip , Yoon Daehyun , Hargreaves Brian
Published: August 2023

Metallic implants create severe off-resonance adjacent to the implant, in the range of 2-20 kHz at 3T. The off-resonance pattern creates a static, “always on” background gradient with unknown amplitude and polarity. Static non-linear background gradients are a known source of local encoding errors, but their effect on diffusion contrast near implants has not yet been evaluated. Static background gradients are distinct from diffusion gradient non-linearities, which affect the achieved b-value if sufficiently large. We apply theoretical results and phantom experiments to evaluate two different diffusion encoding schemes and evaluate the effect of metal-induced off-resonance on ADC quantification.
NOVEL POINT-OF-CARE MAGNETIC RESONANCE TECHNOLOGY TO MEASURE LIVER FAT: PHANTOM AND FIRST-IN-HUMAN PILOT STUDY
Authors: Barahman Mark , Grunvald Eduardo , Prado Pablo , Bussandri Alejandro , Henderson Walter , Wolfson Tanya , Fowler Kathryn , Sirlin Claude
Published: August 2023

LiverScope® is a novel point-of-care (POC) NMR technology for liver fat quantification.

· POC NMR PDFF agreed closely with ground-truth PDFF values in commercial PDFF phantoms (R2 = 0.99)

· POC NMR was feasible in an outpatient clinic, had no demonstrated adverse events, and agreed closely with contemporaneous MRI-PDFF reference standard values (R2 = 0.94) in human adults with obesity and at risk for NAFLD:
Sensitivity advantage of a two- over one-compartment diffusion model for studying aging: An analytic demonstration
Authors: Chad Jordan , Sochen Nir , Chen J. Jean , Pasternak Ofer
Published: August 2023

Recent diffusion modeling studies aim to distinguish age-related degenerative processes specific to white matter fibers, such as axonal myelination and dispersion, from age-related elevated isotropic diffusivity, resulting from, e.g., enlargement of the extracellular space. Here we analytically investigate the relationship between two single-shell approaches for distinguishing these effects, respectively based on a one- and two-compartment model. We derive a nonlinear relationship between the models that renders a sensitivity advantage to the two-compartment model, and find that a linear elevation of an isotropic compartment with age explains the well-documented phenomenon of accelerated MD elevations (faster radially than axially) in aging.
Optimization of sampling lengths in Radial DSI empowers ODF-Fingerprinting: A phantom study on fibers crossing at narrow angles
Authors: Filipiak Patryk , Basler Lee , Rodack Benjamin , Dzikiy John , Zuccolotto Anthony , Lin Ying-Chia , Placantonakis Dimitris , Shepherd Timothy , Schneider Walter , Boada Fernando , Baete Steven
Published: August 2023

We optimize the sampling length parameter of Radial Diffusion Spectrum Imaging (RDSI) to improve fiber reconstruction accuracy of ODF-Fingerprinting (ODF-FP). As the ground truth, we use anisotropic diffusion phantoms containing taxons (textile water-filled tubes) with inside diameter of 0.8µm, approaching the anatomical scale of axons found in the human brain. Thanks to our optimized approach, ODF-FP reconstructs fibers crossing at angles as narrow as 10, 15, and 20 degrees with the average accuracy of approximately 10 degrees. We generalize our observations by proposing a criterion for selecting near-optimal sampling lengths to accelerate and simplify the application of ODF-FP with RDSI.
Diffusion time dependence in the non-human primate brain
Authors: Devan Sean , Jiang Xiaoyu , Schilling Kurt , Wang Feng , Chen Li Min , Gore John , Xu Junzhong
Published: August 2023

Time-dependent diffusivity is sensitive to microstructural geometry and has previously been described by a power-law scaling. However, the limits of validity of this relationship across different ranges of diffusion time are unclear. We therefore acquired brain images of nonhuman primates in vivo with diffusion times from 1.9 to 40 ms to assess how well a power-law fits diffusivity in this range. We assess fitting in the time and frequency domains, whether pulsed (PGSE) and oscillating (OGSE) gradient spin echo can be combined for better results, and the sensitivity of diffusivity estimates to varying power-law exponents.
Repeatability of Susceptibility Separation in Brain
Authors: Esfahani Javad Hamidi , Naji Nashwan , Seres Peter , Beaulieu Christian , Wilman Alan
Published: August 2023

Susceptibility separation enables a voxel-wise decomposition into paramagnetic and diamagnetic components. The repeatability of the method is examined in four structures of deep gray matter and three of white matter using scan rescan data of 22 subjects. The paramagnetic susceptibility separation is shown to be more robust than the diamagnetic and total susceptibility is shown to be similar to conventional QSM. Thus, susceptibility separation can provide both qualitative depiction of diamagnetic and paramagnetic susceptibility components and repeatable measures of paramagnetic components at least in deep grey matter.
Frequency Drift of "Cold" Scanner at 3T -- its Implication in MR Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhou Xiaopeng , Dydak Ulrike , Bhattacharyya Pallab
Published: August 2023

Frequency drift from EPI-based sequences prior to MRS scans is a known issue. Running MRS scans ‘from cold’ is suggested for the greatest scanner stability, with some equilibration period for systems with overnight energy-saving mode. Running MRS scans before scanner reaches an equilibration period can result in large frequency drifts. Under these conditions, the effect of running fMRI scans seem to be negligible. Applying frequency and phase correction can make the final spectrum appear to be qualitatively similar between scans with big and negligible drift.
A Metabolite Specific 3D Stack-of-Spiral bSSFP Sequence for Improved 13C-Bicarbonate Imaging in Hyperpolarized [1-13C]Pyruvate MRI
Authors: Liu Xiaoxi , Tang Shuyu , Bok Robert , Chen Hsin-Yu , Mu Changhua , Santos Romelyn Delos , Sinha Avantika , Wang Zhen , Larson Peder
Published: August 2023

MRI of hyperpolarized 13C-labeled compounds is an emerging tool to non-invasively detect metabolic processes, and hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate has been used in clinics for assessing cancer and cardiac metabolism. However, due to nonrenewable and progressively depleted magnetization, hyperpolarized 13C has a limitation to achieve both high spatial resolution and temporal resolution with high SNR. This study proposes a novel bicarbonate-specific 3D bSSFP sequence with stack-of-spiral readout to improve the SNR of dynamic bicarbonate imaging in hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate studies. Compared to a metabolite-specific GRE sequence, the proposed MS-3DbSSFP sequence showed a 3X SNR improvement for bicarbonate imaging in rat heart and kidneys.
Feasibility of Assessing Skeletal Muscle Metabolism of Muscular Dystrophy with Hyperpolarized 13C-Pyruvate
Authors: Chen Jun , Gemelli Terry , Mammen Pradeep , Park Jae Mo
Published: August 2023

Pyruvate metabolism in skeletal muscle plays an essential role for energy production and development of muscular dystrophy (MD). However, investigation of the metabolism of MD has been focused on myocardium due to its vital importance, rather than skeletal muscle. This study presents preliminary results that demonstrate the feasibility of assessing altered pyruvate metabolism in the skeletal muscle of Becker MD patient with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate. In parallel, the metabolic profile of MD skeletal muscle was analyzed by NMR using a Duchenne MD mouse model after [U-13C3]pyruvate infusion. This study indicates that pyruvate metabolism is altered in skeletal muscle with MD.
Restoration of corrupted 13C MR spectroscopy with signal overflow
Authors: Khalyavin Leon , Park Jae Mo
Published: August 2023

This study aims to reconstruct 13C spectrum from FID that is corrupted by signal overflow. As the corruption often occurs in the beginning of the FID, an uncorrupted section can be reconstructed as a time-delayed version of the FID. The T2*, M0, and frequency of metabolite peaks can be calculated from the reconstructed spectrum of the uncorrupted FID signal. Since the T2* is an innate property of the compound, it can be used to extrapolate the M0 of the original signal using a mono-exponential function for each peak. The method was tested with dynamic hyperpolarized 13C MRS data.
Assessment of MRF for Simultaneous T1 and T2 Quantification and Water-Fat Separation in the Liver at 0.55T
Authors: Liu Yuchi , Hamilton Jesse , Jiang Yun , Seiberlich Nicole
Published: August 2023

This study aims to assess the feasibility of performing MRF in the liver and examine the feasibility of water-fat separation using rosette MRF at low field. MRF sequences using spiral and rosette trajectories were implemented on a 0.55T scanner. T1 and T2 quantification in the liver was achieved in a single breath-hold of <15s with in-plane resolution of 1.56×1.56mm2 and slice thickness of 5mm. In addition, water-fat separation was achieved along with T1 and T2 quantification with no time penalty using rosette MRF.
Assessment of the correlation between blood perfusion and protein contents in brain of healthy subjects
Authors: Yu Fan , Li Qiuxuan , Zhao Cheng , Lin Liangjie , Wang Jiazheng , Lu Jie
Published: August 2023

The blood perfusion and protein contents in brain of healthy subjects were measured in this study by 3D pseudo continuous arterial spin labeling and 3D amide proton transfer weighted imaging. Results showed a negative correlation between blood perfusion and the content of mobile cellular proteins and peptides in brain of heathy subjects; and the blood perfusion in normal brain, rather than the protein content, showed a significant dependence to age.
Radiation-induced structural network alterations in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a longitudinal study
Authors: Zhang Xinyuan , Lv Xiaofei , Xu Pu , Lin Yuhao , Qian Long , Feng Yanqiu
Published: August 2023

We conducted a longitudinal study to explore the radiation-induced alterations of structural brain network for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) technique and graph theory. The dose-dependent effect was also investigated using Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient. The structural brain connectivity was found to be altered at both 0~3 (acute) and 6 months (early-delayed) after radiotherapy (RT) and showed a tendency of recovery at 12 months (late-delayed) after RT. Also, the change of nodal properties were related to the temporal dose. These findings provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of radiation-induced brain injuries.
Altered Brain Regional Homogeneity at Resting-State in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Patients
Authors: Liu Bing , Zhang Linwei , Gao Wenwen , Du Lei , Yang Aocai , Chen Yue , Wang Yige , Liu Xiuxiu , Lv Kuan , Ma Guolin
Published: August 2023

To explore the neurofunctional change in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 patients, regional homogeneity values were analyzed from this resting-state functional magnetic imaging study. The altered brain regional homogeneity mainly appeared in the left cerebellum and right cerebrum. And positive correlations were shown between regional homogeneity values for the right cerebrum and the clinical ataxia scores.
Static and temporal dynamic changes of intrinsic brain activity in adolescents and adult OCD patients
Authors: huan Xu , ping Zheng , rui Wei , qiang Han , yan Zhang
Published: August 2023

This study used a novel statistical analysis-2x2 interaction effect to differentiate OCD patients from healthy controls in both adolescents and adults. We analyzed a classical index-low frequency fluctuation amplitude(ALFF) and drew a convincing conclusion that some regions had a correlation with people in different age and symptoms in OCD patients. Originally, we proposed a novel strategy of dALFF which allows estimating dynamics of intrinsic brain activity with patients. Compared to static indexes, dynamic indexes might be used as a powerful supplement differentiating patients from different age, helping us obtain a more comprehensive understanding of neural activity.
How does midazolam affect resting-state networks in common marmosets? An investigation using a 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging system.
Authors: Muta Kanako , Hata Junichi , Haga Yawara , Yoshimaru Daisuke , Hagiya Kei , Kaneko Takaaki , Miyabe-Nishiwaki Takako , Komaki Yuji , Seki Fumiko , Okano Hirotaka , Okano Hideyuki
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of midazolam on resting-state networks in common marmosets. Functional data were collected using a 9.4 T MRI system in the sedative condition with midazolam, the awake condition as a positive control, and the anesthetic condition with isoflurane as a negative control. Independent component analysis and functional connectivity analysis were performed. These results were apparently altered by isoflurane from awake condition, but not largely by midazolam. These results in midazolam were different from a previous report in humans and it may cause different effects of midazolam in human and nonhuman primates.
Comparison of Brain Metastasis Detection Capability among 3D FFE with Parallel Imaging and CS and FASE MPV with Fast 3D Wheel
Authors: Murayama Kazuhiro , Ohno Yoshiharu , Yamamoto Kaori , Matsuyama Takahiro , Ota Seiichiro , Yui Masao , Ikedo Masato , Takeda Saki , Iwase Akiyoshi , Hanamatsu Satomu , Nagata Hiroyuki , Ueda Takahiro , Ikeda Hirotaka , Toyama Hiroshi
Published: August 2023

We hypothesize that the newly developed wheel encoding order (Fast 3D wheel: i.e. Fast 3Dw) method can reduce examination time as well as compressed sensing (CS) with parallel imaging (PI) technique (Compressed SPEEDER) and obtain contrast-enhanced MR examination without any degradation of image quality as compared with conventional PI technique in suspected brain metastases patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the capability for examination time reduction and image quality and diagnostic performance improvements among conventional PI, CS and Fast 3Dw methods on contrast-enhanced MR examination for brain metastases screening.
Hippocampal subfield volumes exhibit differences in ME/CFS and are associated with clinical measures
Authors: Thapaliya Kiran , Staines Donald , Marshall-Gradisnik1 Sonya , Su Jiasheng , Barnden Leighton
Published: August 2023

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) patients suffer from a variety of physical and neurological complaints indicating involvement of the central nervous system including cognitive and memory dysfunction along with a variety of disabling physical symptoms. The hippocampus plays a key role in cognitive function and is altered in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we evaluated the volumetric changes in the subfields of the hippocampus in ME/CFS and performed a correlation between hippocampal subfield volumes and clinical measures. Our study showed that hippocampal subfield volumes were lower/higher in ME/CFS patients compared with healthy controls and are also associated with clinical measures
Posterior fossa radiomics based diagnosis of Essential tremor from T1-weighted MRI
Authors: Rajan Archith , Prasad Shweta , Waghmare Priyanka , Saini Jitender , Pal Pramod , Ingalhalikar Madhura
Published: August 2023

The cerebellum and its connections (cerebellar peduncles) have been implicated to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of essential tremor (ET). However, these abnormalities may not be grossly evident on basic structural imaging. To this end, we employ radiomics on 3D-T1 weighted images to capture subtle features of pathology and use it in a machine learning framework to deliniate patients with ET. We demonstrate a test accuracy of 83% with radiomics features from dentate nucleus contributing the most, followed by the right V. It thus suggests the potential utility of radiomics features from these structures for diagnosis of ET.
Applying Multiple Diffusion Models to Predict HER-2 Status in Patients with Breast Cancer: a preliminary study using Diffusion Spectrum Imaging
Authors: Mao Chunping , Wang Mengzhu , Yan Xu , Yang Guang , Zhang Xiang , Shen Jun
Published: August 2023

This study explored the feasibility of applying multiple diffusion models based on the same diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) data into preoperative prediction of HER-2 status in patients with breast cancer (BC). The results showed that some diffusion parameters can discriminate HER-2 positive BC patients, but apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) based on conventional mono-exponential model can not. This study suggests that the simultaneously application of multiple diffusion models from DSI data is feasible for diagnosis of patients with BC, which has certain clinical value of preoperative prediction of HER-2 status and is worthy of further research.
Combine nnU-Net and radiomics for automated classification of breast lesion using mp-MRI
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhan Chenao , Yan Xu , Song Yang , Guo Yihao , Ai Tao , Yang Guang
Published: August 2023

Multi-parametric MRI (mp-MRI) radiomics can distinguish breast mass effectively, but requires breast lesion segmentation first, which is subjective and laborious for radiologists. To overcome this problem, we combined nnUnet and radiomics analysis as an automatic model for breast lesion classification. In the test cohort, the breast lesion segmentation model achieved mean dice of 0.835, and the classification model achieved an AUC of 0.891. We found that the nnU-Net can delineatey lesions accurately based on dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE, TWIST-VIBEs)), and mp-MRI radiomics features extracted from the auto-segmented lesions can be used to classfy breast lesions accurately.
Combination of Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion MRI to Evaluate Chronic Kidney Disease in Renal Transplants
Authors: Wang Pan , Li Min , Li Xiangnan , Zhang Jiyang , Zheng Xin , Zhang Chen , Alto Stemmer , Jiang Tao
Published: August 2023

Kidney transplantation is currently considered as the preferred treatment for end-stage renal disease, this study aims to explore the performance of BOLD-fMRI and IVIM of renal transplants kidney patients with CKD. The results showed the D value in renal cortical could well identify and distinguish normal kidney and diseased kidney. The R2* value could indirectly reflect deoxyhemoglobin to assess the degree of renal function impairment. BOLD-fMRI and IVIM can provide a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of the functional information of the chronic kidney metabolism.
Cervical carcinoma: Evaluation using diffusion MRI with a fractional order calculus model and its correlation with histopathologic findings
Authors: Liu Hui , Zheng Liyun , Wu Dongmei , Dai Yongming , Shi Gaofeng
Published: August 2023

Clear insights into histological subtype and differentiation grade are essential in cervical carcinoma diagnosis and management. In current study, we demonstrated the feasibility of using high-b-value non-Gaussian diffusion model fractional order calculus (FROC) model to differentiate the tumor subtype and grade of cervical carcinoma. FROC model provided a set of novel diffusion parameters and the combination of these parameters contributed to the best diagnostic performance in differentiation between low-grade and high-grade cervical carcinoma.
The value of APTw imaging combined with ALP to identify Prostate Cancerwith or withoutBone Metastasis
Authors: Lihua Chen , Qingwei Song , Mingli Gao , Jiazheng Wang , Liangjie Lin , Zhigang Wu , Ailian Liu
Published: August 2023

Amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) imaging is a novel MRI imaging tool for detection of amide protons in mobile cellular proteins and peptides. This study aims to assess and differentiate prostate cancers with and without bone metastasis using APTw MRI and alkaline phosphatase (ALP).Results show that prostate cancers with bone metastasis were associated with significantly higher APTw and ALP values than those without bone metastasis. The diagnostic efficiency is the highest using APT combined with ALP. Therefore, APTw imaging together with ALP may provide an more effective tool to predict the aggressiveness of prostate cancer.
Diagnostic performance of transition zone prostate cancer: a comparison between PI-RADS v2.1 and PI-RADS v2
Authors: Zhang Dan , Chen Zhi , Song Na , Wang Zhuo , Zhang Shao , Chen Xiao , Wei Xiao , Chen Bing
Published: August 2023

In this study, we aim to investigate the diagnostic value of PI-RADS v2.1 and PI-RADS v2 (prostate imaging reporting and data system version 2.1 and version 2) in diagnosing transition zone prostate cancer. It was concluded that the diagnostic value of PI-RADS v2.1was not lower than that of PI-RADS v2.
3D Amide Proton Transfer-weighted Imaging In Evaluation Of Breast Lesions: Comparison With Diffusion-weighted Imaging
Authors: Wang Ruhua , Zhang Yan , Lin Liangjie , Cheng Jingliang
Published: August 2023

This purpose of this study is to investigate the value of 3D APTWI and evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of its combination with DWI for discriminating breast benign from malignant lesions. Results showed the MTRasym(3.5 ppm) value calculated by APTWI for malignant breast lesions were significantly lower than those of benign lesions, and APTWI combined with DWI obtained a better diagnostic performance than the single method. Therefore, APTWI is a novel technique, which can be used to differentiate breast benign from malignant lesions noninvasively.
A new radiomic tool based on apparent diffusion coefficient to predict the pathological grade of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Li Danyan , Wang Cheng , Sun Chuanqi , Meng Jie , Zhang Jilei , Ding Chengyu , Bian Zijian , Zhang Bing
Published: August 2023

The present study tried to develop a new radiomics tool based on apparent diffusion coefficient to predict the pathological grade of Bladder cancer (BCa). The results demonstrate that the radient boosting classifier (GBC) achieved the best effect in distinguishing pathological low or high grade of bladder cancer. And GBC also shows the best accuracy when we added the arch bridge sign on MRI as a new feature. This classification performance may suggest that the proposed method is a promising approach for preoperatively evaluating pathological grade in bladder cancer, which is very important for the choice of clinical treatment options.
Evaluation of isotropic high-resolution IRIS diffusion-weighted MRI in bladder cancer: clinical experience
Authors: Xu Hui , Ye Lei , Chen Yuntian , Zhang Xiaoyong
Published: August 2023

Conventional single-shot echo planar imaging is widely used in bladder DWI for evaluating the malignant degree of lesions, however, it usually suffers from magnetic susceptibility artifacts and image blurring, which have limitations to identify the small lesions or lesions presented as slightly thickened bladder wall. This study this study was to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of isotropic high-resolution IRIS DWI for the evaluation bladder lesions at 3T. The results suggested that the IRIS DWI with isotropic high resolution can effectively improve image quality and diagnostic confidence for bladder lesions.
MR-based radiomics-clinical nomogram in epithelial ovarian tumor prognosis prediction: a comparison of effectiveness of multiple MR sequences
Authors: Wang Haijie , Wang Yida , Wang Tianping , Liu Xuefen , Ling Lei , Zhang Guofu , Zhang He , Yang Guang
Published: August 2023

To compare radiomics-clinical nomograms based on various sequence MR images in predicting epithelial ovarian tumor prognosis status. A total of 186 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer pathologically proven by invasive procedure were enrolled. The single-sequence and paired-sequence radiomics signatures were constructed for T2W, T1W, DWI and CE-T1W images. And the T2W radiomic-clinical nomogram achieved a favorable prediction performance in the validation cohort with an AUC of 0.818. And it was also found the T2W radiomic-clinical nomogram was better than other models with a greater clinical net benefit.
Dilated perivascular spaces in neonates
Authors: Kim Hyun Gi , Kim Sumin , Kim JeeYoung , Shin Na Young , Nam Yoonho
Published: August 2023

Perivascular spaces (PVS) are fluid-filled cavities around the blood vessels in the brain. In adults, dilated PVS (dPVS) is known to increase with age but dPVS in neonates is poorly understood. In this study, we performed both visual and volumetric evaluation of dPVS in neonates using T2-weighted images from the Developing Human Connectome project. We found that gender did not affect dPVS extent in neonates, preterm neonates had lower dPVS extent than term neonates, and dPVS fraction decreased with gestational age (GA) at MRI scan.
The efficacy of Intravoxel incoherent motion in predicting positive margins of radical prostatectomy
Authors: Gan Wanting , Meng Shuang , Chen Lihua , Wang Nan , Liu Yunsong , Liu Ailian
Published: August 2023

Positive surgical margins(PSMs) are associated with local recurrence and distant metastasis of prostate cancer which affect the long-term survival rate of patients1-3. IVIM can simultaneously observe microcirculatory perfusion of blood and intracellular and extracellular water molecules diffusion4. The results of our study show that f-Bi can be used to predict positive margins of radical prostatectomy.
Habitat Analysis of Multi-parametric MRI for Predicting Postoperative Recurrence of Meningioma
Authors: Zhang Chengxiu , Song Yang , Lin Lin , Zhang Rufei , Zhou Minxiong , Yan Xu , Yang Guang
Published: August 2023

We used multi-parametric MRI to predict the postoperative recurrence of meningioma. Compared to the usual radiomics on analyzing the whole tumor, we used an unsupervised clustering method to explore the tumor habitats. Interpretable features were extracted from subregions of the lesion and used to build a habitat radiomic model. The habitat model achieved an AUC of 0.711 compared with 0.569 achieved by whole tumor analysis. The split subregions of the tumor also have clear biological meanings to the radiologists.
Can combined 3D pcASL and t-ASL imaging effectively assess collateral compensation for patient with unilateral MCA severe stenosis or occlusion?
Authors: li juan , shao guangrui , dou weiqiang
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to compare the difference of blood perfusion and collateral circulation compensation between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with severe stenosis or occlusion of unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) by using 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pcASL) at two different post labeling delays (PLD) times of 1.5s and 2.5s and territorial pcASL with bilateral internal carotid arteries, ipsilateral external carotid artery and vertebrobasilar artery labelled. 49 patients (26 symptomatic and 23 asymptomatic) were recruited. Compared with symptomatic group, asymptomatic group showed significantly stronger collateral circulation and higher number of patients with secondary collateral circulation opening.
Application of a modified tri-exponential DWI in detecting the change of glymphatic system: a preliminary exploration in gliomas
Authors: Cao Mengqiu , wang xiaoqing , xue ke , Dai Yongming , Zhou Yan
Published: August 2023

Spectral analysis using non-negative least squares in a modified tri-exponential muti-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) enables estimation of an intermediate component in the diffusion spectrum between parenchymal diffusion and microvascular pseudo-diffusion. Several studies have suggested the intermediate component to be with the glymphatic alterations in different disease state. The aim of this this study aims to investigate whether the modified tri-exponential model are effective in evaluating the grading and IDH-1 gene type of gliomas.
Implementation of a Multiparametric MRI Model of Glioma Infiltration for Dose Painting Radiotherapy
Authors: Brighi Caterina , Waddington David , Aly Farhannah , Koh Eng-Siew , Walker Amy , de Witt Hamer Philip , Verburg Niels , Holloway Lois , Whelan Brendan , Chen Cathy , Keall Paul
Published: August 2023

Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) promises to guide dose painting (DP) radiotherapy to improve local control rates in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. In this study we develop a workflow for DP based on a clinically validated mpMRI model of infiltrative tumour in GBM patients. We demonstrate the repeatability of DP prescriptions, the quality of the resulting DP plans, and that DP can improve modelled local control rates over standard radiotherapy in GBM patients. Our findings provide evidence of technical and clinical validation steps, which are key for the clinical translation of mpMRI-based DP in GBM.
Automatic Targeting of the Dorsolateral Subthalamic Nucleus for Functional Connectivity Guided rTMS Therapy
Authors: Zhao Na , Qiao Yang , Yue Juan , Jing Ying , Zhang Meng , Zhang Jianguo , Yuan Zhen , Zhang Yong , Xiang Yu-Tao , Wang Jue , Zang Yu-Feng
Published: August 2023

The current study developed an AutoSTN method to help automatically localize the dorsolateral STN (DL-STN) according to steps in deep brain stimulation (DBS). Furthermore, for the consideration of the RS-fMRI FC-guided rTMS clinical study and application, we developed one-stop plug-in named ‘CC-CAT’ which could serve any RS-fMRI FC-guided rTMS treatment.
Preoperatively Predict Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma - via Multi-region Radiomic Analysis in Multi-sequence MRI
Authors: Han Zewen , Chen Xiaojie , Gao Lanmei , Li Yueming
Published: August 2023

Microvascular invasion (MVI) affects postoperative prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Radiomics has shown great potential in providing valuable information for tumor pathophysiology. We aim to use multi-sequence MRI radiomics focused on not only intratumoral and peritumoral areas, but also the HCC-liver interface to predictive MVI status preoperatively. The radiomics and clinico-radiological indicator-based fusion model can well predict MVI status in HCC patients.
Basal Ganglia Connectivity as Assessed by Resting-State fMRI in Genetic Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: dasgin hacer , soydas basak , Cakmakli Gul , Salanci Bilge , Ergun Eser , Elibol Bulent , Oguz Kader K.
Published: August 2023

Genetic Parkinson’s Disease (gPD) displays distinct clinical, demographic and pathological features from idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease (PD). The present study aims to search for alterations in the basal ganglia network (BGN) including substantia nigra (SN) and Subthalamic nucleus (STN) in a peculiar group of gPD using resting state (RS) fMRI. Genetic PD patients revealed less activation in the basal ganglia, SN+STN pathway and reduced connectivity with ACC, MCC and insula, which may reflect frontal lobe and autonomic dysfunction in these patients.
Lesion Segmentation for Venous Malformations Based on Unet++ Architecture
Authors: Dong Jian , Wu Yaping , Bai Yan , Wang Meiyun
Published: August 2023

In this study, we trained a fully automatic lesion segmentation model of venous malformations based on Unet++ structure and fat-saturated T2-weighted images. The results of automatic segmentation of lesions in different sequence directions and locations of the lesions are consistent with the results of manual segmentation by radiologists. The Dice coefficient on the test set reached 0.847. This fully automatic lesion segmentation model can provide support for subsequent automatic diagnosis studies related to venous malformations.
What happens “when one door is half closed, another does not open yet” for the unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients
Authors: Li Yuting , Shang Yuxuan , Chen Zhuhong , Sun Jingting , Wei Xiaochen
Published: August 2023

Featured alterations in dynamic brain functions, neurovascular coupling, or brain structure occurs at early-, intermediate- or late-stage of unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) “when one door is half closed, another does not open yet”, respectively, and may serve as the neuroimaging markers for SSNHL.
Subtyping Parkinson’s disease by linking non-motor characteristics and brain functional connectome
Authors: Zeng Yao , Ye Chenfei , Sun Junyan , Ma Ting , Wu Tao
Published: August 2023

Since the heterogeneity of non-motor disorders in Parkinson's patients, subtyping research will facilitate the development of clinical diagnosis and treatment. We applied the sparse canonical correlation analysis method on clinical scales and resting-state brain fMRI data, to extract the typical variables for subtyping. In this data-driven study, we found that four PD subtypes with varying cognitive and psychological phenotypes demonstrate unique patterns of brain functional connectivity, which may underly the mechanism of PD heterogeneous non-motor symptoms.
Fast parameters Mapping in the brain 4-pool model from tsDESPOT acquired data within 10 seconds using deep learning.
Authors: Kamiguchi Yuuzo , Tomiha Sadanori
Published: August 2023

In quantitative imaging of the brain, it is common that tissues having different T1 and T2 values are mixed in a voxel and exchange proton each other. So multiparametric imaging method of brain microstructure is attracting much attention. In this study, we demonstrated that quantitative maps of 12 parameters in the brain 4-pool model (2 free water pools with exchange and 2 semi-solid water pools) were estimated within 10 seconds using deep learning from the data acquired by the tsDESPOT sequence.
Cross-domain Variational Network for Fast Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging
Authors: Xu Jianping , Zu Tao , Hsu Yi-Cheng , Sun Yi , Wu Dan , Zhang Yi
Published: August 2023

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is an emerging molecular imaging technique that can detect various biomolecules in vivo. However, the routine clinical application of CEST MRI is hammered by its long scan time due to the multiple saturation frames acquired. Here, a novel deep neural network modified from the variational network (VN) by utilizing cross-domain regularization structures, dubbed CEST-VN, is proposed for accelerated CEST imaging. In conjunction with multi-coil sensitivity encoding, the CEST-VN method demonstrated superior performance to the conventional parallel imaging and the original VN methods in healthy volunteers and glioma patients.
Effect of doping on the dynamic nuclear polarization of porous silicon nanoparticles
Authors: Tamarov Konstantin , von Witte Gevin , Hyppönen Viivi , Jäntti Jiri , Himmler Aaron , Albannay Mohammed , Ernst Matthias , Kozerke Sebastian , Lehto Vesa-Pekka , Riikonen Joakim , Kettunen Mikko
Published: August 2023

Porous Si nanoparticles (NPs) with different doping degree were prepared using low-load metal assisted catalytic etching and subjected to dynamic nuclear polarization at 3.4 T and 6.7 T. Thermal oxidation of Si was applied to form paramagnetic centers of dangling bond type in Si/SiO2 interface, which were used to polarize 29Si nuclei. The doping significantly affected the gained polarization and buildup times: high doping degree generally led to lower and faster polarization compared to the low doping. On the other hand, slight p-type or n-type doping was necessary to achieve the highest polarization of about 11 %.