bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enquête sur la tuberculose bovine au moyen de tests tuberculiniques dans diverses régions d'Afrique Occidentale (Haute-Volta et Côte-d'Ivoire). Résultats et considérations générales
Authors: Gidel Robert , Albert J.P. , Retif M.
Published: July 2017

En 1967 et 1968, les Sous-Sections Tuberculose et Zoonoses du Centre Muraz à Bobo-Dioulasso ont effectué 5 enquêtes couplées sur l'épidémiologie de la tuberculose humaine et de la tuberculose bovine en Afrique de l'Ouest dans diverses zones climatiques de Haute-Volta et de Côte d'Ivoire. Pour ce qui concerne la tuberculose bovine, 8132 bovins ont été tuberculinés au total; chaque animal a été l'objet d'une double tuberculination effectuée simultanément à l'aide de tuberculine humanobovine et tuberculine aviaire. Il ressort de l'analyse statistique des résultats que des différences significatives sont observées d'une part entre les régions prospectées et d'autre part, dans une même région, selon l'âge des animaux tuberculinés. Enfin, l'étude comparative des résultats des enquêtes humaines et animales en région sahélienne montre l'incidence de la tuberculose bovine sur la population humaine, en particulier chez les jeunes enfants
Le parasitisme du zébu dans l'Ouest de la République Centrafricaine. I. Parasitisme des veaux de lait
Authors: Bouchet Alain , Graber M. , Finelle Pierre , Desrotour J. , Macon G.
Published: July 2017

Dans l'Ouest de la République Centrafricaine, les auteurs signalent l'existence, chez les veaux de lait de 0 à 7 mois, de nombreux parasites, seuls ou associés entre eux, appartenant aux espèces suivantes: Neoascaris vitulorum, Strongyloides papillosus, Oesophagostomum (Bosicola) radiatum, Bunostomum phlebotomum, Cooperia punctata et Cooperia pectinata, Haemonchus contortus et diverses Coccidies. Les animaux sont atteints dans la proportion de 76,4 p. 100. Les taux d'infestation et la nature du parasitisme varient en fonction de l'âge et de la saison. La mortalité oscille entre 1 et 20 p. 100, selon les troupeaux et les années. Il s'agit là, pour l'élevage de la République Centrafricaine, d'un problème majeur, à résoudre d'urgence
Mollusques pulmonés d'eau douce basommatophores, vecteurs au Tchad d'affections parasitaires du bétail : leur élevage au laboratoire
Authors: Graber M. , Birgi E.
Published: July 2017

Les auteurs après avoir souligné l'importance pour le bétail adulte des zones sahélo-soudaniennes du Tchad des affections parasitaires dues à certains trématodes hépatiques, stomacaux et veineux (Fasciola, Paramphistomum, Carmyerius et Schistosomes), décrivent une méthode simple et pratique permettant, dans des conditions climatiques très dures, l'élevage des principaux mollusques vecteurs. Ils donnent également quelques indications concernant le cycle saisonnier de B. forskalii, B. jousseaumei; B. truncatus, L. natalensis, et s'efforcent de tirer les conclusions pratiques en ce qui concerne la lutte contre ces mollusques et l'époque la plus favorable pour traiter les animaux porteurs de Fasciola gigantica
De l'étiologie du farcin de zébus tchadiens : nocardiose ou mycobactériose? I. Etude bactériologique et biochimique
Authors: Chamoiseau G.
Published: July 2017

Un germe de la classe des Actinomycétales considéré comme appartenant au genre Nocardia, est isolé d'abcès ganglionnaires chez des zébus tchadiens; son étude bactériologique montre qu'il est différent de N. farcinica et incite, pour parfaire sa détermination, à procéder à l'analyse de sa constitution chimique
De l'étiologie du farcin de zébus tchadiens : nocardiose ou mycobactériose? II. Composition lipidique
Authors: Asselineau J. , Laneelle M.A. , Chamoiseau G.
Published: July 2017

L'analyse des constituants lipidiques de l'Actinomycète isolé d'abcès ganglionnaires chez les zébus tchadiens et dont l'étude bactériologique est décrite dans l'article précédent, montre sans ambiguïté que ce germe est à ranger parmi les mycobactéries
A propos du pouvoir anthelminthique du N- (-2'-chloro-4'nitrophenyl)-5 chlorosalicylamide chez le mouton
Authors: Graber M.
Published: July 2017

L'auteur étudie, au Tchad, le pouvoir anthelminthique du N-(2'-chloro-4'nitrophenyl)-5 chlorosalicylamide chez le mouton. Si le médicament à l'état de poudre permet à 75 mg/kg de détruire les Moniezia de l'intestin grêle, par contre, dès que Stilesia globipunctata est présent, il faut administrer des doses allant jusqu'à 150 mg/kg. En outre, le Yomesan est actif sur les formes immatures de certains Paramphistomes, à condition qu'elles aient moins de 5 semaines et qu'elles ne soient pas encore implantées dans le rumen. Le gain de poids réel est d'environ 6,20 p. 100 en un mois. Malheureusement, le coût du traitement, dans certains pays peu développés où sévit la stilésiose intestinale ovine, est trop élevé, compte tenu de la faible valeur marchande du troupeau et du prix du médicament
Etudes sur les nuoc-mam de poissons de mer en Côte-d'Ivoire
Authors: Aldrin J.F. , Briand Y. , Verger B.
Published: July 2017

En vue du lancement de la fabrication de nuoc-mam à l'échelle industrielle, les auteurs ont effectué diverses expérimentations au Laboratoire des Pêches d'Abidjan. Les résultats des analyses, exprimés dans 22 tableaux, sont interprétés. En conclusion, les auteurs indiquent qu'il est possible de faire d'excellents nuoc-mam à partir de poissons du Golfe de Guinée. Une température de 38¼C, est suffisante pour obtenir de bons résultats, en 90 jours environ. Les espèces recommandées sont: Micropteryx chrysurus, Auxis thazard, Trigla sp., Sardinella eba, Sardinella aurita, Scomber scolias, Paracubiceps ledanoisi
Etude sur la composition du "Nuoc-mam" de Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Rivière R.
Published: July 2017

Quatorze échantillons de nuoc-mam préparés par le Laboratoire des Pêches de Côte-d'Ivoire, à partir de différentes espèces de poissons du Golfe de Guinée, ont été analysés. L'auteur expose les résultats obtenus en insistant plus particulièrement sur la composition des produits en acides aminés, et autres substances azotées les plus importantes au point de vue concentration (azote ammoniacal, urée, créatinine, bloc-xantho-urique). Les méthodes d'analyse sont décrites et les résultats commentés. Cinq espèces paraissent meilleures que les autres et les nuoc-mam qu'elles permettent d'obtenir sont de qualité équivalente à celle des meilleurs produits vietnamiens. Ce sont: Sardinella aurita, Scomber colias, Micropteryx chrysurus, Trigla grondin et Auxis thazard
Etude d'un troupeau de bovins sauvages vivant sur l'île d'Amsterdam
Authors: Lesel René
Published: July 2017

Le troupeau de bovins taurins vivant à l'état sauvage sur l'île d'Amsterdam est l'objet de l'étude entreprise. Après un bref historique, les conditions du milieu sont passées en revue. Puis une analyse zootechnique portant sur trente trois sujets permet l'établissement d'un standard provisoire du cheptel et élimine l'éventualité de la présence de bovins de type zébu parmi les ascendants. La biologie du troupeau est l'objet d'importants développements où la répartition des animaux sur l'île, leur nombre, leur sex-ratio, l'alimentation, la reproduction et la pathologie du cheptel sont successivement analysés. Enfin une étude économique envisage l'avenir du troupeau et l'éventualité de son exploitation
Fréquence au Sénégal du botulisme animal d'origine hydrique
Authors: Doutre M.P.
Published: July 2017

L'auteur rapporte trois observations de botulisme animal ayant pour origine l'absorption d'une eau d'abreuvement contaminée par des cadavres de petits mammifères. Une hypothèse concernant l'origine de l'épizootie observée depuis 1959 dans le Ferlo est formulée
Existence au Tchad de taurins et de zébus porteurs sains de Dermatophilus congolensis
Authors: Graber M.
Published: July 2017

L'auteur signale l'existence au Tchad chez les zébus et les taurins de porteurs sains de Dermatophilus congolensis dans la proportion de 50 p. 100. Les variations en fonction de l'âge, de la race et de la saison sont également étudiées, ainsi que les conséquences qui découlent de cette situation
L'échinococcose-hydatidose en Afrique centrale. I
Authors: Graber M. , Troncy P. , Tabo R.
Published: July 2017

Une enquête effectuée en Afrique centrale (Tchad, République Centrafricaine et Nord-Cameroun) sur près de 14304 têtes montre que l'echinococcose-hydatidose touche 37,46 p. 100 des dromadaires, 1,08 p. 100 des zébus, 0,19 p. 100 des moutons et 1,14 p. 100 des animaux sauvages autopsiés de 1954 à 1968. La maladie est jusqu'à présent inconnue chez les porcs, la chèvre et les équidés
L'échinococcose-hydatidose en Afrique centrale. II
Authors: Troncy P. , Graber M.
Published: July 2017

A la suite d'une enquête effectuée au Kanem (Nord-Ouest du Tchad), 14 personnes sur 189 peuvent être considérées comme ayant réagi positivement au test de CASONI, soit 7,4 p. 100. Le problème de l'existence de l'hydatidose humaine au Tchad se trouve ainsi posé
Recherche des anticorps anti-Mycoplasma mycoides au moyen d'un test de floculation
Authors: Perreau Pierre , Monnier J.
Published: July 2017

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Essai d'infection de chèvres tchadienne par le virus de la rhinotrachéite infectieuse bovine. Enquête sérologique dans l'Ouest Tchadien
Authors: Maurice Yves , Provost Alain , N'Galdam M.Z. , Gondo R.
Published: July 2017

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Culture et titrage du virus de la maladie de Newcastle sur des cellules Vero
Authors: Nguyen Ba Vy Vy , Oren M.
Published: July 2017

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Existence d'Haematoxenus veliferus (Sporozoa, Theileriidae) en Afrique Centrale. Présence d'Haematoxenus sp. chez le buffle africain
Authors: Uilenberg Gerrit
Published: July 2017

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Etude, chez le zébu des zones tropicales, du pouvoir anthelminthique de deux composés dibenzeniques, dérivés bromés de la Salicylanilide
Authors: Graber M. , Birgi E.
Published: July 2017

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Pâturage aérien au Cameroun. Utilisation des ligneux par les bovins
Authors: Piot J.
Published: July 2017

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Emploi d'un vaccin antibovipestique produit sur cultures cellulaires dans la prophylaxie de la peste des petits ruminants au Dahomey
Authors: Bourdin P.
Published: July 2017

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Note sur un cas d'hémobartonellose canine en République Centrafricaine
Authors: Uilenberg Gerrit , Dupré Jean-Jacques
Published: July 2017

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Prothidium and isometamidium as drug against Trypanosoma brucei canine trypanosomiasis
Authors: Touré Saydil
Published: July 2017

Le Prothidium et l'Isométamidium ont été utilisés dans le traitement de plusieurs cas de trypanosomiase expérimentale du chien à Trypanosoma brucei. Le Prothidium est administré à raison de 2 mg/kg de la solution à 2 p.100 et l'Isométamidium 1 mg/kg de la solution à 1 p.100. Tous deux sont injectés par voie intramusculaire profonde dans le creux poplité à des animaux présentant une forte parasitémie. Les trypanosomes disparaissent de la circulation généralement en deux ou trois jours. Les animaux tolèrent relativement bien le traitement. Les deux médicaments, à leur posologie respective, protègent aussi dans une certaine mesure contre les réinfections expérimentales par inoculation de T. brucei. L'apparition de chimiorésistance à l'égard du Prothidium a empêché, dans plusieurs cas, une protection effective. Ces observations ont été faites dans des conditions artificielles et portent sur un nombre limité de cas. Elles ne prêtent pas à généralisation mais autorisent à penser que ces deux trypanocides pourraient être utilisés avec profit dans le traitement de la trypanosomiase du chien.
Influence du froid sur les tsé-tsé et ses indications
Authors: Maillot L.
Published: July 2017

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Note sur quelques modalités de l'insémination chez les glossines (Diptera-muscidae)
Authors: Tibayrenc Robert , Itard Jacques
Published: July 2017

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Essais de traitement en Afrique tropicale, de la Distomatose hepatobiliaire du zébu à Fasciola gigantica. Valeur du bilevon R Bayer
Authors: Graber M. , Euzéby Jacques , Birgi E.
Published: July 2017

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Action du Nitroxynil sur divers parasites du zébu en Afrique centrale
Authors: Guilhon J. , Graber M. , Birgi E.
Published: July 2017

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Valeur de l'immunité conférée par un vaccin antipéripneumonique lyophilisé préparé à l'aide de la souche T1
Authors: Doutre M.P. , Chambron Jacques , Quéval R.
Published: July 2017

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Essais de transmission cyclique de trypanosomes du groupe Congolense
Authors: Maillot L.
Published: July 2017

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Etude du pouvoir anthelminthique du Bromophénophos à l'égard de divers endoparasites du mouton et du zébu de la république du Tchad
Authors: Guilhon J. , Graber M. , Birgi E.
Published: July 2017

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Helminthes et helminthiases des équidés (ânes et chevaux) de la république du Tchad
Authors: Graber M.
Published: July 2017

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Comportement pondéral des femelles adultes de race Gabon (zebu peulh sénégalais). Comparaison avec les animaux importés pakistanais et guzera
Authors: Denis Jean-Pierre , Valenza J.
Published: July 2017

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Compte-rendu du symposium "Mycotoxines et alimentations"
Authors: Petit Julie
Published: July 2017

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Recherches sur le diagnostic expérimental de la peste porcine classique par la méthode d'exaltation du virus de Newcastle
Authors: Ramisse J. , Serres Henri , Rakotondramary E. , Ramambazafy H. , Randriamampianina R. , Totoasy J.
Published: July 2017

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Contribution à l'étude de la culture dérobée de fourrages en rizière dans la région de Tananarive
Authors: Granier P. , Razafindratsita R.
Published: July 2017

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Existence au Tchad de la ladrerie porcine à Cysticercus cellulosae (Rudolphi)
Authors: Graber M. , Chailloux André
Published: July 2017

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Неклассические модификации многозначных матриц классической логики. Часть II
Authors: Девяткин Л. Ю.
Published: July 2017

Данная статья является второй в дилогии, посвященной многозначным матрицам классической пропозициональной логики как инструменту построения и анализа неклассических логик. В литературе существует множество пар трехзначных матриц, различающихся лишь классами выделенных значений. Но подавляющее большинство из них задает неклассическое отношение следования как при одном выделенном значении, так и при двух. Однако существуют матрицы неклассических логик, полученные из матриц классической логики сужением или расширением класса выделенных значений. Основная часть статьи посвящена двум классам матриц. Первый класс состоит из матриц, которые задавали бы классическое отношение следования при $D=\{1,2\}$,однако рассматриваются с $D=\{2\}$. Второй класс получен выбором $D=\{1,2\}$ в матрицах, порождающих классическое следование при $D=\{2\}$. Для изучаемых матриц доказывается максимальность (в сильном смысле) паранепротиворечивости или параполноты задаваемых ими логик, а также аналоги теоремы Гливенко или дуальной теоремы Гливенко. Матрицы в рассматриваемых классах образуют решетки по отношению функциональной вложимости. Отдельные матрицы, полученные из матриц классической логики модификацией множества выделенных значений, имеют эквивалентные формулировки в виде функциональных расширений матриц классической логики. DOI: 10.21146/2074-1472-2017-23-1-11-47
Аналитический подход к решению задач
Authors: Шалак В. И.
Published: July 2017

Настоящая работа посвящена формализации аналитического подхода к решению задач. Обычно считается, что задача включает две составляющие – условия и цели. Условия $A$ – это то, что дано, а цели $B$ – то, что требуется найти или построить. В этом случае при формальном анализе решение рассматривается как некоторый вывод $A \vdash B$ цели из условий задачи. Такое представление широко распространено, но слишком узко для применения в реальной практике. Возьмем, например, задачу построить железную дорогу между двумя городами. Очевидно, что существует много вариантов прокладки дороги, и условия реализации каждого из этих вариантов будут различаться. Это означает, что в момент постановки задачи нет точных формулировок ни цели, ни условий, чтобы ее можно было представить в стандартном виде. Необходим дополнительный аналитический этап решения задачи. Он заключается в последовательном уточнении цели и ее редукции к более простым подцелям, которые на заключительных шагах образуют совокупность достаточных условий решения задачи. В предлагаемой работе построено аналитическое исчисление, которое в определенной степени формализует этот процесс.
One Way to Determine the Intervals in Hybrid Temporal Logic
Authors: Караваев Е.Ф.
Published: July 2017

This presentation discusses the opportunity of improvement of technical means of hybrid temporal logic through the introduction of time intervals. In the procedure of constructing intervals the author of the presentation follows ideas and development expressed and carried out by A.A. Markov in his article published in 1932. So the ‘Priorean paradigm’ of understanding of the logic (temporal qualification of judgments and the idea of hybrid logic) is complemented by a building of time metric based on the relation ‘earlier than’. It seems that the described improvement of the machinery of temporal logic allows, in particular, to perfect the approaches to the modelling of planning and strategic management. DOI: 10.21146/2074-1472-2017-23-1-48-56
К проблеме характеризации логик васильевского типа: о табличности логик $I_{\langle x,y \rangle}$ ($x,y\in\{0,1,2,\dots\}$ и $x < y$). Часть I
Authors: Попов В. М.
Published: July 2017

В этой статье, продолжающей работу, проводимую в [1], изучается проблема табличности $I$-логик васильевского типа (пропозициональная логика называется табличной, если она имеет конечную характеристическую матрицу). Основной результат, полученный в данной статье: для всяких целых неотрицательных чисел $x$ и $y$, первое из которых меньше второго, логика $I_{\langle \mathrm{x}, \mathrm{y}\rangle}$таблична (класс всех таких логик является бесконечным подклассом класса всех $I$-логик васильевского типа). Предлагаемое исследование основано на использовании результатов, полученных в [1], и на применении авторской кортежной семантики. Для достижения указанного основного результата мы показываем, как по произвольным целым неотрицательным числам $m$и $n$, удовлетворяющим неравенству $m< n$, строится логическая матрица $\mathfrak{M}(m, n)$, которая является конечной характеристической матрицей логики $I_{\langle m,n\rangle}$. Поскольку носитель логической матрицы $\mathfrak{M}(m, n)$есть некоторое множество 0-1-кортежей, семантику, базирующуюся на этой логической матрице, естественно называть кортежной семантикой. Важное замечание: статья публикуется в два приема. Перед вами первая часть статьи, вторую часть статьи планируется опубликовать во втором номере «Логических исследований» за 2017 год. DOI: 10.21146/2074-1472-2017-23-1-57-82
An Investigation into Language Identity of Iranian EFL Teachers
Authors: Shad Shahin Ahmadi , Asadi Sayed Anvar , Rashidi Hooshyar
Published: July 2017

This study presents a survey of Iranian English teachers and their language identity. The participants who completed the survey in this research included 60 English language teachers who belonged to different genders, age groups and English language teaching experiences. To investigate and collect the data, we used a validated questionnaire which included 19 items and was administered online and by hand. The results of the analyses showed that firstly participants possessed a moderate degree of language identity. The results also exhibited that there were no significant differences between the male and female participants regarding their language identity. However, there was a significant relationship between age and language identity. On the other hand, it was found that there were no differences between teaching experiences and language identity. Finally, we can come to conclusion that the results of this survey were very informative about how Iranian language teachers think of Persian language in comparison to English.
The modelling of lead removal from water by deep eutectic solvents functionalized CNTs: artificial neural network (ANN) approach
Authors: Fiyadh Seef Saadi , AlSaadi Mohammed Abdulhakim , AlOmar Mohamed Khalid , Fayaed Sabah Saadi , Hama Ako R. , Bee Sharifah , El-Shafie Ahmed
Published: July 2017

The main challenge in the lead removal simulation is the behaviour of non-linearity relationships between the process parameters. The conventional modelling technique usually deals with this problem by a linear method. The substitute modelling technique is an artificial neural network (ANN) system, and it is selected to reflect the non-linearity in the interaction among the variables in the function. Herein, synthesized deep eutectic solvents were used as a functionalized agent with carbon nanotubes as adsorbents of Pb2+. Different parameters were used in the adsorption study including pH (2.7 to 7), adsorbent dosage (5 to 20 mg), contact time (3 to 900 min) and Pb2+ initial concentration (3 to 60 mg/l). The number of experimental trials to feed and train the system was 158 runs conveyed in laboratory scale. Two ANN types were designed in this work, the feed-forward back-propagation and layer recurrent; both methods are compared based on their predictive proficiency in terms of the mean square error (MSE), root mean square error, relative root mean square error, mean absolute percentage error and determination coefficient (R2) based on the testing dataset. The ANN model of lead removal was subjected to accuracy determination and the results showed R2 of 0.9956 with MSE of 1.66 × 10−4. The maximum relative error is 14.93% for the feed-forward back-propagation neural network model.
Clinical effect of Suvarna Bindu Prashan
Authors: Aniket Patil , Pallavi Dindore , Aziz Arbar , Avinash Kadam , Vikas Saroch
Published: July 2017

The quest for excellence in mental and physical health is not new. We find various references and formulations in Ayurvedic classics meant for promoting mental and physical health of a child. Suvarna Prashan is one of the formulations explained in age old Ayurvedic classic Kashyap Samhita. This formulation is very widely used now days as a memory and immune booster for children. But there is very little systematic documented study which can be used to evaluate the efficacy of the formulation. Suvarna Bhasma was prepared in Ayurved Rasayani Pharmacy, Pune. Madhu and Ghrita were collected from KLE Ayurveda Pharmacy, Belgaum. Suvarna Bindu Prashan was prepared in KLE Ayurved pharmacy, Belgaum. It contains Suvarna Bhasma, Ghrita and Madhu. Twenty apparently healthy male and female children with age group of three to four years were ready to sign inform consent form were selected into two groups each. Subjects in Group A received Suvarna Bindu Prashan where as Group B (Control group) did not receive any treatment. Both the groups were observed for six months. Children in Suvarna Bindu Prashan group showed significant reduction in the scores of eating habits, behavior, mood, temperament and scores of event of illness. However there was no significant difference in the score of sleeping habit. There was significant increase in IQ percentage.
A Randomised Comparative Clinical Study to assess the efficacy of Snigdhapatra Pindasweda and Matrabasti in the management of Janusandhigatavata w.s.r. to Osteoarthritis of knee
Authors: G. Rajalaxmi M. , C. Padmakiran , M U Arsha
Published: July 2017

Vata aggravation and Parihani (depletion) of all the Dhatus are inevitable in Vrudhavastha (old age). Hence there is subsequent vitiation of Vata which affects Asthidhatu (due to Ashraya and Ashrayi Sambandha) is common. Sandhigata Vata is one amongst them. The involvement of Marma with Vata Dosha and Dhatukshaya makes disease Yapya. Hence early management prevents disability in the old age. Snehana, Swedana and Basti Chikitsa are the prime line of management in Vatadosha. When the disease is Shula and Grahapradhana, affecting one body part, the Snigdha, Ekangasweda is the ideal treatment. So Snigdhapatra Pindasweda is selected. The need of Snehana, Brumhana, Vatashamana is best achieved by Snehabasti with Vatashamaka Taila (Dashamoola Taila). To assess the synergistic action, combined treatment is planned in the present study. With this in backdrop, a comparative clinical study was planned in 30 patients allotted into 3 groups of 10 each. Group A treated with Snigdhapatra Pindasweda, Group B treated with Matrabasti and Group C treated with both the treatment for 7 days. Within the group result showed statistically significant improvement in all the parameters. In between the groups comparison showed statistically significant difference in stiffness, tenderness, movement of knee joint, Walking - time and WOMAC- Index.
Clinical evaluation of Tikta Kshira Basti and Patrapinda Sveda in Cervical Spondylosis (Asthigata Vata)
Authors: Wadher Rupesh
Published: July 2017

Cervical bone is an identification of human body which differentiate from animal in a unique way. Due to its multidimensional movement human workings are effortless. But due to modernisation and fast life some hazards become nail of comfort of humans. Cervical spondylosis is one of them. Ayurveda has its good solution specially Panchakarma procedure which is advisable by Acharya Sushruta itself. Here in present article an effort has been made to rule out the evaluation of Tikta Kshira Basti and Patrapinda Sweda in cervical spondylosis in clinical practice.
A Clinical Study on the efficacy of Ashvagandha Ksheerapaka in Stree Vandhyatva w.s.r. to Anovulation
Authors: Kagga Rajani , B. N. Vishwesh
Published: July 2017

Fertility is an existential necessity and as such has assumed over whelming importance from time immemorial. However, not all couples who desire a pregnancy will achieve one spontaneously and a proportion of couples will need medical help to resolve underlying fertility problems. Infertility has been recognized as a public health issue world wide by the World Health Organization. Infertility severely affects the couples psychologically, sexually and socially. Anovulation accounts for 25 - 40% of the female infertility. Ayurveda offers several potent combinations in such a condition. The aim of the present paper is to address this problem by studying the efficacy of Ashvagandha Ksheerapaka in the induction of ovulation
Study on Pramana Shareera in relation to Prakriti
Authors: N. Rajendra Pai , Govindaraju U.
Published: July 2017

Ayurveda in its principle has given importance to individualistic approach rather than generalize. Application of this examination can be clearly seem like even though two patients suffering from same disease, the treatment modality may change depending upon the results of Dashvidha Pariksha. Prakruti and Pramana both used in Dashvidha Pariksha. Both determine the health of the individual and Bala (strength) of Rogi (Patient). Ayurveda followed Swa-angula Pramana as the unit of measurement for measuring the different parts of the body which is prime step assessing patient before treatment. Sushruta and Charaka had stated different Angula Pramana of each Pratyanga (body parts). Specificity is the characteristic property of Swa-angula Pramana. This can be applicable in present era for example artificial limbs. A scientific research includes collection, compilation, analysis and lastly scrutiny of entire findings to arrive at a conclusion. Study of Pramana and its relation with Prakruti was conducted in 1000 volunteers using Prakruti Parkishan proforma with an objective of evaluation of Anguli Pramana in various Prakriti. It was observed co-relating Pramana in each Prakruti and Granthokta Pramana that there is no vast difference in measurement of head, upper limb and lower limb. The observational study shows closer relation of features with classical texts.
Analytical profile of Arka Taila - An Ayurvedic oil based medicine used in Karnasrava (Otomycosis)
Authors: Jani Komal D. , Jani Dharmendra P.
Published: July 2017

Otomycosis denotes diffuse otitis externa due to fungal infections. The fungii are usually secondary invaders of the tissue rendered susceptible by bacterial infection, physical injury or excessive accumulation of cerumen in the external auditory canal. Karnasraava means discharge from ear which can be correlated with otorrhoea. Karnasraava (discharge) is one of symptom of otomycosis. Arka Taila has been mentioned in Shaarangadhara is very simple formula having ingredients i.e. Haridraa (Curcuma longa), Arka Patra Swarasa (Calotropis procera) and Sarshapa Taila (Brassica campetries). The quality control parameters resulted after scientific evaluation of Arka Taila can be used as reference standard for quality control or quality assurance of a pharmaceutical industry in order to have a proper quality check over its preparation and processing.
Preliminary pharmacognostic and phtochemical evaluation of Darbha (Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf.)
Authors: Shah Niti T. , Umrethia Bharati , Shah Tushar P.
Published: July 2017

Background: Darbha (Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf.) is found in the plains of India, throughout the Middle East to Indo-China, North and tropical Africa. It is a species of open habitat, arid regions with water table near surface. According to Ayurveda its roots are used in conditions such as Mootrakruchchra¸ Ashmari, Raktapitta, Pitaprakopa, etc. Aim: To investigate preliminary pharmacognostical and phytochemical parameters of plant to standardize the drug. Materials and Method: Identification of the plant was done as per the standard guidelines given in the floras. Preliminary physico-chemical and phytochemical screening was done and after achieving the idea of phytoconstituents group, quantitative test of sugar content and volatile oil content and thin layer chromatography studies were carried out for different organic solvent extracts. Results: Presence of air cavities in root but their absences in stolon suggest that Darbha is a halophytic plant. Aqueous extracts showed the presence of tannins, carbohydrates and sugars. Conclusion: The findings of the study will be helpful in the identification of Darbha plant.
Experimental evaluation of diuretic effect of Usheera Moola - Vetiveria Zizanioides (Linn.) Nash
Authors: Savanur Prasanna V. , Menasagi Jayalaxmi
Published: July 2017

By literary survey Usheera is mentioned from Vedakala. Some Nighantus and some Ayurvedic modern books mention that, it has Mootravirechaniya action used in Mootrakricchra. This drug is easily available and grows all over India. Hence roots of Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn) Nash i.e. Usheera was selected for this study. Most of Ayurvedic drugs or formulations are known for their safety and efficacy. Hence literary research is done to specify a medicine that can act as a diuretic. Lots of drugs are mentioned as Mootravirechaniya (diuretic) in Ayurvedic classics. Here Mootravirechaniya is also called as Bastishodhana and Mootrala. They are having Sheeta Veerya or Ushna Veerya, Madhura, Amla, Lavana Rasas, Drava and Upakledi properties. The selected drug Usheera is having Sheeta and Madhura properties. Diuretics are the drugs which cause a net loss of sodium and water in urine. These are widely prescribed drugs. They are used whenever there is need to eliminate excess of water and ion accumulated in tissues.
Current management approach of Cancer in Ayurveda
Authors: Kashid Archana
Published: July 2017

Ayurveda, the oldest Indian indigenous medicine system of plant drugs is known from very early times for preventing or suppressing various tumors using these natural drugs. In Ayurvedic concept, according to Charaka and Sushruta Samhitas, Cancer is described as inflammatory or non-inflammatory swelling and mentioned either as Granthi (minor neoplasm) or Arbuda (major neoplasm). The nervous system (Vata), the venous system (Pitta) and the arterial system (Kapha) are three basics of Ayurveda and very important for normal body function. In malignant tumors all three systems get out of control (Tridoshas) and lose mutual coordination that causes tissue damage, resulting critical condition. Tridoshas cause excessive metabolic crisis resulting in proliferation. The modern cancer therapy which is known to burdened by drug-induced toxic side effects hoping perfect cure of disease form the complementary and alternative medicine system. The main goal of Ayurvedic therapy is to find the ultimate cause of an illness while the therapeutic approach of Ayurveda is divided into four categories as Prakrutisthapana Chikitsa (health maintenance), Rasayana Chikitsa, (restoration of normal function), Roganashani Chikitsa (disease cure) and Naishthiki Chikitsa (spiritual approach). Commonly used herbal decoctions reported in Ayurveda are made of multiple herbs possessing great potential for a cancer cure; scientifically these formulations work on multiple biochemical pathways and influence different organ systems all together and nourish the body as a whole by supporting body‘s deference systems. Now it is important to raise awareness and encourage implementation of Ayurvedic therapies for combating cancer and suggest an integrated approach in tumor management and treatment.
Brief Review of literature on Puti Lohas
Authors: R. Gajendra  D. , Kurle Lakshmi B. , Doddamani M. S.
Published: July 2017

Rasashastra is a science which deals with the pharmaceuticals of medicines out of mercury, minerals, metals, gem stones and animal products etc. Loha and Dhatu are consider as one and the same. Puti Lohas are those drugs which emits bad smell while they are melting. Many references of Puti Lohas is available in Ayurvedic classics since Vedakala to modern texts. Puti Lohas cannot be degraded since they are having their own identity in mineralogy and clinical practice of Ayurveda.
The concepts of Ayurveda and Pāli Literature in connection to Psychotherapy
Authors: Shivajirao Kolarkar Rajesh , Rajesh Kolarkar Rajashree
Published: July 2017

The perfect balance of Mind and body is considered as complete health in Pāli literature as well as in Ayurveda. Pāli literature and Ayurveda have their own identity as most ancient and traditional system of medicine in India.The universal teachings of the Buddha are the most precious legacy ancient India gave to the world. The teachings are a practical code of conduct, a way of purity and of gracious living. There is a scientific study of the truth pertaining to mind and matter, and the ultimate truth beyond. In fact, the Buddha should be more appropriately known as a super-scientist who studied the entire laws of nature governing the Universe, by direct personal experience. The Buddha's rational teachings are clearly explained in the Eight-fold Noble Path, divided in three divisions of Sīla (morality), Samādhi (mastery over the mind), Paññā i.e. ‘Pragya' (purification of the mind, by developing insight). In Ayurveda Psychotherapy can be done by Satvavajaya Chikitsa and good conduct. Aim is to augment the Satva Guna in order to correct the imbalance in state of Rajas (Passion) and Tamas (Inertia). Sattvavajaya as psychotherapy, is the mental restraint, or a "mind control" as referred by Caraka, as well as Vagbhata is achieved Dnyan (education), Vidnyan (training in developing skill), Dhairya (development of coping mechanism), Smruti (memory enhancement), Samadhi (concentration of mind). According to WHO, Mental disorders are the common problem. The burden of mental disorders continues to grow with significant impacts on health and major social, human rights and economic consequences in all countries of the world.
Importance of Pramana Pareeksha in Clinical Practice
Authors: N. Rajendra Pai , Govindaraju U.
Published: July 2017

In Ayurveda the term Pareeksha is used in place of Pramana. The synonyms of Pareeksha are Pramana, Saadana, Jnana, Upalabdhi. Pariksha means through which investigation cognition of valid apprehension of the state of the object arise is called Pariksha. Which is investigated in depth, establishment of reality of an object is Pareeksha. “Rogamadou Pareekshet Tathonantaram Aoushadam” it is very essential that before planning any treatment one should have complete knowledge of Roga and Rogibala. The purpose of examination is to obtain knowledge regarding span of life, strength and intensity of morbidity. Hence patient to be examined in respect of Prakruti (constitution of body), Vikruti (pathological examination), Sara (examination of elemental tissue and mind), Samhana (examination of compactness of body), Pramana (measurement), Satmya (suitability), Satva (examination of mental constitution), Aaharashakti (examination of digestive power), Vyayamashakti (examination of strength by exercise), Vaya (examination of age). Among these Dashavidha Pareeksha except Vikruti Pareeksha is to be done to understand the overview condition of the person. Vikrutipariksha is to be done to elicit the factors which are responsible for the pathogenesis of the diseases.
Concept of Agni and its Importance in Ayurveda: A Review
Authors: Mishra Gaurav , Ashvini Kumar , Swati Sharma
Published: July 2017

The Ayurvedic concept of Agni or fire is critically important to our overall health. Agni is the force of intelligence within each cell, each tissue, and every system within the body. Ultimately, it is the discernment of Agni that determines which substances enter our cells and tissues and which substances should be removed as waste. In this way, Agni is the gatekeeper of life. In fact, according to Ayurveda, when the Agni is extinguished, death soon follows. Ayurveda identifies a vast range of functions for which Agni is directly responsible, but it also teaches us that impaired Agni is at the root of all imbalances and diseases. Ayurveda identifies 13 distinct subtypes of Agni in the body, each defined by its specific physiological function as well as its location in the body. The mother of all of them is Jathara Agni, the central digestive fire that governs the digestion and assimilation of food. But there are many other fire components in the body’s cells, tissues and organs that govern things like sensory perception and the nutrition of specific tissues. Localized manifestations of Agni also determine which substances can cross cell membranes and maintain cellular memory in our DNA. A poor diet, an unsupportive lifestyle, and unresolved emotions can easily hinder Agni by dampening any of these qualities throughout the system. Similarly, nurturing the qualities of Agni in a very general way has the potential to benefit Agni throughout the body. Hence understanding of Agni in one of the important concepts for the understanding of disease process as well as to prescribe principles of treatment.
Conceptual understanding of Kshara Karma in Shalakya Tantra
Authors: Chappanmath Mahantaswamy S. , Jadhav Vinod M.
Published: July 2017

Kshara Karma, Agni Karma is known as Anushastra Karmas. Popularly understood as Para surgical procedures. They are outstanding contributions of Acharya Shushruta. The surgical disorders are managed with these procedures with ease and comfort for both surgeon and patients. In Shalakya Tantra there is a need of adopting these procedures for effective management of disorders such as Upajihwa, Adhijihwa, Upakusha, Dantavaidharbha, three types of Rohini, Nasarsha, Karnarsha and Pakshmakopa. Kshara Karma said to be one among the Anushastra Karma explained by Acharya Shushruta which is not widely practised and popularised in Shalakya diseases. There is need of research work in this area to utilize Kshara Karma and give optimum result.
Anatomical consideration of Hrudaya Marma – A Review
Authors: Muraleedhar B. , M. Kanthi G.
Published: July 2017

Hridaya Marma is 4 Anguli in size, situated between two breasts near to cardiac orifice of stomach. It is looking like inverted lotus and consist Satwa, Raja and Tama as physiological entities. It is hollow muscular pumping organ made up of Mamsapeshi (hritapeshi) and looking like Adhomukha Kamala. According to Acharya Bhavaprakash, Hrudaya is also known as Jivashaya. It means it is seat of life. Ashaya means Avastana Pradesh; it means Hrudaya having cavities in it known as atrium and ventricles. According to Acharya Vagbhata, Hrudaya having Samrutasamrutadwaram it means valves of the heart. According to Acharya Charaka, it has ten Moola Siras. Hrudaya is seat for Vyana Vaayu, Sadakapitta, Avalambaka Kapha, Para Ojus, Chetana and Manas. According to Acharya Charaka and Acharya Sushruta, Hrudaya is one of the Kostanga. According to Charaka, Hrudaya is the Moola Sthana for Pranavaha Srotus and Rasavahasrotas. It is the seat of Chetana, hence it maintains life process. It ejects and receives Rasarakta Dhatu by the help of Vyanavayu. It controls intellectual power and mental activities of human being, by Manas and Sadakapitta.
A Progressive step towards classical uses of Medicinal Plants in Gynecological Disorders
Authors: Gautam Priyanka , Bairwa Omprakash , Dwivedi Divya , Kumar Sanjeev , Singh Anil Kumar
Published: July 2017

In India women do not share their Gynecological problems with their family members and not even with her neighbours at early stage of diseases. Generally they share their problems with local practitioners, because there is less chances to disclose their problems in society, another benefit is that local practitioners treat them by local herbal remedies at very low cost. Mostly this work is exploration of different Ayurvedic scriptures for Gynecological problems. About 77 medicinal plants have been recorded having basonyms and latin names of the plants, family, therapeutic uses and their references in different scriptures of Ayurveda and ethno botany. The present study is very much significant to practitioners in their practices and also for researchers to find out the various active phytochemicals and pharmacological agents as a potent drug in the field of Ayurveda.
Study of Twak Shareer w.s.r to Kitibha Kustha
Authors: Sapna Hiremath , Kundu Debasis
Published: July 2017

Ayurveda describe the organization of the body in term of Doshas, Dhatus and Malas. Twacha is one among the Upadhatus which provide protective layer over the body that protect from the heat, cold and external infection. The union of Shukra (spermatozoa) and Shonita (ovum) while being cooked (processed by heat) give rise to the formation of seven Twak (skin) just like formation of cream when milk is boiled. Acharya Sushrut and other Acharyas are described Twak Shareeram in detail. Acharya Sushrut defined Twacha as Upadhatu of Mamsadhatu. Twacha is one among the Panchjyanendriya, which carry sensation of touch and it covers external part as well as internal part of body. “Kitibha” is one among the type of Ksudrakustha which is common and chronic disorder of Twacha. Acharyas describe symptoms of Kitibha like - red, with dry and silvery white scale which may be obvious only after scrapping the surface, skin is not sweating, resemble the scale of fish, producing sound (while scratching) rough, itching course and black in colour. So it becomes essential to know the structural and anatomical changes occur in the Kitibha. Now a days Kitibha disease largely spread in the human being. While diagnosing the patients of Kitibha Kustha, there is difficulty regarding the identification of structural deformity, hence need is felt to study the Kitibha and Twak Sharira.
Management of Fistula In Ano (Current Practices)
Authors: Vachanashruti Vachanashruti , Kannade Shashikant
Published: July 2017

Fistula in ano is a disease known to the humanity since ancient times. It is a chronic illness which is, though not fatal but quite discomforting and troublesome to the patient and often puts deep impact on the quality of life of a patient. Despite many advances in medical field, it still poses a big challenge to the surgeon as there is no suitable curative treatment available so far. For the same reason, Sushruta has aptly described this disease as one of the Ashtamahagada. He was first person to describe the etiology, clinical features and management. So in present article an attempt has been made to enlighten the different treatment methods of Bhagandara.
Endometriosis and its Ayurvedic perspective
Authors: N. Vishwesh B.
Published: July 2017

Endometriosis defined as the presence of functioning endometrium, in sights other than uterus. It can be either the endometriosis externa or interna. Externa refers to endometriosis of any part of the body except the myometrium. In interna, the endometriosis is found in the muscle wall of the uterus. All though endometriosis is not considered as a life threatening disease, is a life altering disease that requires timely diagnosis and treatment. This paper intends to review on endometriosis and its Ayurvedic perspective in detail.
A Brief review of medicinal properties of Vacha (Acorus calamus Linn.) from Nighantus
Authors: Tilavat Yogita , Parmar Rekha
Published: July 2017

Herbs and herbal drugs have created interest among the people by the clinical proven effect like anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, immunomodulations and adaptogenic. Also the overuse of synthetic drug, which results in higher incidence of adverse drug reaction, has motivated humans to return to nature for safer remedies. In this review we have taken Vacha (Acorus calamus Linn.) The present work aims to discuss Vacha in various Nighantus as manuscripts or just as evidence - in a chronological order. It is important herbal drug in various aspect like, Acorus calamus Linn. has also been used successfully by some Ayurvedic practitioners for Krimi, Sthaulya, Vibandha, Unmada, Apasmara etc
A Case Study on Indralupta
Authors: MB Seema J. , Sreelekshmi U. , Geethesh P Radhika Ranjan
Published: July 2017

Attitudes towards different hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, sex, or religion. As hair is considered as barometer of beauty each one is over conscious about it and is in search for a better remedy for the maintenance and management of their crowning glory. Alopecia areata is characterized by acquired skin aliment that can affect all the hair bearing skin including scalp, beard, which is characterized by localized areas of non-scarring hair loss which can be compared with Indralupta. Hence all these are pointing towards a better and affordable remedy which can be provided much effectively by our ancient science Ayurveda. Hence considering all these the treatment was planned for a week with internal administration of Vidangarishta along with Krimikutararasa and Shatavari Guda as Rasayana. Also an external application of milky exudates of papaya over the scalp region where head bath was not allowed as per the strict rule of our Acharya for more precise result. The results shown were profound, quick and permanent and are an outstanding evidence of clinical application of principles of Ayurveda.