bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Praktik Digitalisasi Koleksi Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi di Indonesia Tahun 2017 s.d. 2022
Authors: Saputra Andi , Desriyeni Desriyeni
Published: December 2024

Digitalization is one of the methods carried out to develop library collections. This study aims to evaluate the digitization practices carried out in university libraries in Indonesia by understanding the types of collections and the purpose of implementing digitization projects, the procedures and stages of digitalization that are carried out, as well as the obstacles found in carrying out digitalization projects. The data were evaluated qualitatively in the form of a literature study. The data source comes from the results of previous research on digitization projects in ten domestic university libraries, which were carried out in the period from 2017 to 2022. The results found that the gray literature collection (student final project) is the most widely transferred type of collection besides the book collection. The main goal is to improve access and dissemination of information. Meanwhile, the process and stages of digitization that are passed are not much different between university libraries that are used as research samples. The difference lies in the handling of collections after the digitization process is completed, which includes storage, access management, and preservation. Several challenges are faced in the digitalization process, such as budget limitations, lack of facilities and infrastructure, and limited staff abilities and knowledge about digitalization. The conclusion is that most universities are weak in planning and do not have a clear policy for carrying out digitalization projects, which is the cause of various obstacles during the digitalization project.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi Melalui Kuisioner Terhadap Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Kehamilan di luar Nikah
Authors: Sukmawati
Published: December 2024

Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan dari masa anak-anak menuju masa dewasa. Pada masa ini remaja akan mnegalami perkembangan dari semua aspek/fungsi untuk memasuki masa dewasa. Masa remaja ini berlangsung antara umur 13 tahun sampai dengan 22 tahun bagi laki-laki dan 12 tahun sampai dengan 21 tahun bagi Wanita. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan melalui leaflet dan penelitian di dapatkan nilai p sebesar <0,001 ini menunjukkan p<0,05 maka HI diterima dalam arti terdapat penagruh Pendidikan Kesehatan meallui penyuluhan dan kuisioner pada pengetyahuan remaja terkait kehamilan di luar nikah.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Kesehatan Reproduksi dengan Perilaku Personal Hygiene Saat Mentsruasi pada Remaja Putri Kelas VII di SMP 1 Darul Minin
Authors: Hardiati Iis
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang : WHO mengungkapkan sekitar 11.501.707 remaja Perempuan di Indonesia berusia 10-14 tahun, dengan data kesehatan reproduksi di kota Bekasi sebanyak 46% siswi mengalami masalah kesehatan pada siklus menstruasi tidak teratur, gangguan menstruasi seperti nyeri perut yang parah, keputihan dan gatal sekitar area kemaluan. Infeksi saluran kemih pada remaja dan dewasa muda menunjukkan angka yang cukup tinggi secara global, berkisar antara 35% hingga 42% pada remaja dan 27% hingga 40% pada dewasa muda. Beberapa infeksi yang umum terjadi meliputi candidiasis dengan prevalensi sekitar 25% hingga 50%, bacterial vaginosis sekitar 20% hingga 40%, dan trichomoniasis sekitar 5% hingga 15%. Tujuan Penelitian : Mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi dengan perilaku personal hygiene saat menstruasi pada remaja putri kelas VII di SMPI Darul Mu,minin 2024.  Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif menggunakan metode cross-sectional. Sampel yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu Probability total sampling sebanyak 55 responden. Teknis analisa data menggunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square (X2) program SPSS versi 26. Hasil Penelitian : Dari 55 responden yang berusia 13 tahun sebanyak 37 orang (67,3%) dan berusia 14 tahun sebanyak 18 responden (32,7%). Yang memiliki pengetahuan baik sebanyak 41 responden (74,5%) dan yang memiliki perilaku personal hygiene saat menstruasi yang baik sebanyak 13 responden (23,6%). Adanya hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi dengan perilaku personal hygiene saat menstruasi (p value = 0,007).  Kesimpulan dan Saran : Perilaku personal hygiene saat menstruasi merupakan faktor yang signifikan terhadap pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Diharapkan bagi civitas pendidikan meningkatkan lagi sarana kepustakaan dan menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan terkait informasi kesehatan reproduksi bagi siswa/i nya.
Hubungan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Terhadap Penderita Hipertensi di Wilayah Kp. Rawadas RW. 03 Kelurahan Pondok Kopi Kecamatan Duren Sawit Jakarta
Authors: Cusamrih
Published: December 2024

Hipertensi menjadi salah satu masalah utama kesehatan diseluruh dunia, baik di negara maju maupun di negara berkembang. Disetiap tahunnya kejadian hipertensi mengalami peningkatan terus-menerus (Chasanah & Sugiman, 2022). Kepatuhan lansia dalam minum obat antihipertensi menjadi salah satu faktor penentu dalam mengendalikan tekanan darah. Berdasarkan alasan di atas penulis tertarik mengambil judul diatas dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Terhadap Penderita Hipertensi di Wilayah Kp. Rawadas RW. 03 Kelurahan Pondok Kopi Kecamatan Duren Sawit Jakarta Timur. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui Hubungan  Kepatuhan Minum Obat Terhadap Penderita Hipertensi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah bersifat analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dimana data yang berhubungan dengan variabel dependen dan variabel independen dilakukan pada waktu yang bersamaan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder dimana variabel bebasnya adalah kepatuhan dan variabel terikatnya minum obat pada hipertensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara usia dengan kepatuhan minum obat hipertensi dengan p value 0,894 (p>0,05). Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara jenis kelamin dengan kepatuhan minum obat hipertensi  dengna p value 0,523 (p>0,05).Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan bahwa diketahui Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara usia dengan kepatuhan minum obat hipertensi dengan p value 0,894 (p>0,05). Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan bahwa diketahui Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara usia dengan kepatuhan minum obat hipertensi dengan p value 0,894 (p>0,05). Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara jenis kelamin dengan kepatuhan minum obat hipertensi  dengna p value 0,523 (p>0,05).
Hubungan Self Care dan Motivasi dengan Kualitas Hidup pada Pasien Gagal Jantung, Gagal Ginjal Kronik, Diabetes Mellitus dan Stroku Di RS Anna Medika
Authors: Cusamrih
Published: December 2024

Noncommunicable Diseases Country Profiles, menunjukkan bahwa angka kematian akibat PTM mencapai 71% dari semua kematian di dunia atau sekitar 41 juta orang setiap tahun. Proporsi kematian pada orang dewasa muda (usia 30-69 tahun) lebih tinggi karena faktor PTM yakni sekitar 75% yang menunjukkan bahwa kejadian penyakit ini tidak hanya menjadi masalah pada populasi yang lebih tua PTM yang mengalami peningkatan prevalensi berdasarkan hasil penelitian Riskesdas tahun 2013 dan 2018 di Indonesia yaitu asma, kanker, stroke, ginjal kronis, diabetes mellitus, dan obesitas sentral. Kualitas hidup yang buruk bisa memperburuk kondisi suatu penyakit, begitu juga suatu penyakit dapat memperburuk kualitas hidup penderita. Tujuan Penelitian : Mengetahui Hubungan Self Care dan Motivasi dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Gagal Jantung, Gagal Ginjal Kronik, Diabetes Melitus, dan Stroke di RS Anna Medika Tahun 2020.Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain analitik korelasi. Metode sampling pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik random sampling, dengan sampel pasien gagal jantung, gagal ginjal kronik, diabetes mellitus, dan stroke yang berobat ke RS Anna Medika Bekasi. Hasil Penelitian : Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara self care dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien gagal jantung (p: 0,000), ada hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi dengan kualitas hidup pasien gagal jantung (p: 0,000), ada hubungan signifikan antara self care dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik (p: 0,001), ada hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik (p: 0,003), ada hubungan signifikan antara self care dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien diabetes melitus (p: 0,001), ada hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien diabetes melitus (p: 0,024), ada hubungan signifikan antara self care dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien stroke (p: 0,000), ada hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi dengan kualitaspada  hidup pasien stroke (p: 0,016) Kesimpulan dan Saran : Adanya hubungan self care dan motivasi terhadap kualitas hidup pasien gagal jantung, gagal ginjal kronik, diabetes melitus, dan stroke di RS Anna Medika Tahun 2024. Diharapkan dengan hasil penelitian ini pasien dengan penyakit gagal jantung, gagal ginjal kronik, diabetes melitus, dan stroke, dapat menerapkan self care dengan rutin serta memiliki motivasi yang kuat sehingga akan meningkatkan kualitas hidup mereka.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Perilaku Remaja dalam Pencegahan Infeksi Saluran Kemih di MTS Negeri 24 Jakarta
Authors: Khamid Abdul
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang : Infeksi saluran kemih merupakan infeksi yang paling umum terjadi, dapat dikatakan 50-60% wanita akan menderita setidaknya satu kali infeksi saluran kemih dalam hidupnya. Kamus Bahasa Indonesia (2021) pengetahuan dikenal dengan sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan pembelajaran. Sikap merupakan reaksi seseorang yang masih tertutup terhadap suatu rangsangan atau objek. Sikap seseorang bisa positif atau negative (Notoatmodjo 2020). Tujuan Penelitian : Untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap perilaku remaja dalam pencegahan infeksi saluran kemih di MTS Negeri 24 Jakarta Timur Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan quasy eksperimen dengan uji Chi-Square menggunakan rancangan dilakukan dengan one grup post-test. Dengan teknik pengambilan sampel Total Sampling, kemudian diberikan pre-test dan post-test untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap perilaku remaja dalam pencegahan infeksi saluran kemih di MTS Negeri 24 Jakarta Timur. Hasil Penelitian : Terdapat hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap perilaku remaja dalam pencegahan infeksi saluran kemih di MTS Negeri 24 Jakarta Timur. Tedapat dari populasi dalam penelitian ini 90 siswi kelas VIII, dengan sampel berjumlah 47 siswi. Berdasarkan analisis statistic menunjukkan bahwa nilai p-value pengetahuan remaja 0,023, sedangkan sikap perilaku nilai p-value 0,026, disimpulkan bahwa Ha diterima yang berarti ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap perilaku remaja dalam pencegahan infeksi saluran kemih. Kesimpulan dan Saran : Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap perilaku remaja dalam pencegahan infeksi saluran kemih di MTS Negeri 24 Jakarta Timur. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan pedoman serta evaluasi pada remaja dalam pencegahan infeksi saluran kemih Daftar Bacaan: 20 bacaan (2019-2023)
WHAT MAKES THEM FEEL HARASSED? A REFLECTIVE ACCOUNT OF INDIAN TOURISM
Authors: PP ANJUSHA , NIYAS KK MOHAMMED , SADANANDHAN DANNYA , VIPIN RAJI , THOMAS TONEY K
Published: December 2024

This study looks into the reflective views of visitor harassment of tourists in India. India is seen as a risky destination because of the violence against women. This topic has been covered in literature, particularly concerning political unpredictability, deprivation, sexual assaults, and tourist disturbances. Since tourists experience harassment to differing degrees, our study contributes to the body of knowledge with an interpretivist approach by analysing the perceptions of tourists’ experiences of harassment in India through thematic analysis of TripAdvisor reviews. This study shows that several occurrences at the destinations irritate visitors in India. A unique theme derived from the analysis is ‘tourist traps’ by taxis and guides, where they use their networks to trap tourists into paying extra by threatening or bullying them. The identified themes of visitor harassment in India help ethical and inclusive policy development and destination management.
Sinusoidal regression model for assessment of mudflows dynamics
Authors:   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, Ashabokov B. A. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tashilova A. A. ,   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, Kesheva L. A. ,   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, Teunova N. V. ,   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute
Published: December 2024

A sinusoidal model of the dynamics of mudflow series, temperature and precipitation in the warm seasons in the high-mountain zone of Kabardino-Balkaria complements the previously obtained statisti­cal analysis of the average characteristics of the series, results of a comparative analysis of their average values for two subperiods (base 1953-1983 and modern 1984-2015), improves the quality of the unidirectional regression model of the number of mudflows and meteorological parameters over the past 60 years. The article shows that the use of the sinusoidal regression function makes it possible to identify the cyclicity of time series, which will help in assessing the dynamics of mudflows taking into account long-term changes in climate variables. The increased efficiency of the models is confirmed by the criteria. The coefficient of determination R2, determined for lin­ear regression models, increases in sinusoidal regression models: for series with the number of mudflows from R2 = 0.067 to R2 = 0.645, for precipitation from R2 = 0.028 to R2 = 0.653, for temperatures from R2 = 0.012 to R2 = 0.829. In the sinusoidal regression model, using eight harmonics, short-period ripples are added against the back­ground of slow changes. In the series with mudflows, these are short periods from T = 2.4 years to T = 10.7 years against the background of the main period T = 62 years. In the series of temperatures there are short periods from T = 1.9 years to T = 5.2 years to a long period T = 63 years. In the series with precipitation, a long period T = 20.1 years is added to the short periods from T = 2.2 years to T = 8.7 years. The identified long-period fluctuations in mudflows and temperatures (T = 62 years, 63 years) are associated with significant and nonlin­ear changes in the elements of these series during the period under study. In contrast to these series, the precipitation series is dominated by short-period changes (T = 4 years) against a background of slow fluctuations with a period of T = 20.1 years.
Potencial antioxidante de tres subproductos de granada (Punica granatum L.)
Authors: Valdés Miramontes Elia Herminia , Castañeda-Saucedo Ma. Claudia , Tapia Campos Ernesto , Reyes Castillo Zyanya , Ramírez Anaya Jessica del Pilar , Sánchez Caballero Berenice , Amezcua Luján Martha Karina
Published: December 2024

Introducción: La granada Punica granatum es originaria del sur de Asia es altamente apreciada por su sabor y por los compuestos fitoquímicos que confieren beneficios a la salud. Objetivo: Determinar el potencial biológico de arilos deshidratados, mermelada y jugo concentrado elaborados con las variedades Wonderful, Apaseo y Tecozautla. Materiales y métodos: Las variables evaluadas fueron: Sólidos solubles totales (SST, °Brix), pH, Contenido de Fenoles Totales [CFT, mg/Equivalentes de Ácido Gálico (GAE)/100g o ml], y Capacidad Antioxidante [CA, mili Molar Equivalentes de Trolox (mMTE)/100g o ml] y Contenido de antocinaninas totales [CAT, Equivalente de Cianidin 3-Glucosido (ECn3G) mg/100ml]. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que los arilos deshidratados fueron los que presentaron el mayor contenido de fenoles totales (1386,09 mg/ GAE/100g) y mayor Capacidad antioxidante (220,12 mMTE/100g); sin embargo, el jugo concentrado mostró el mayor contenido de antocianinas totales (34,97 ECn3G mg/100ml). Con respecto a variedades, la variedad Wonderful presentó mayor contenido de fenoles totales, capacidad antioxidante y contenido de antocianinas totales con 1248,86 mg/GAE/100 g, 175,07 mMTE/100 g y 41,91 ECn3G mg/100ml, respectivamente. El jugo concentrado tuvo mayores cantidades de compuestos biofuncionales que el jugo natural. Conclusiones: En los arilos deshidratados y en los jugos concentrados se incrementaron los compuestos biofuncionales con respecto a los arilos y jugo natural. La variedad Wonderful mostró mayor contenido de compuestos biofuncionales y capacidad antioxidante.
Caracterização físico-química, microbiológica e sensorial de brownies veganos com alto conteúdo de fibra alimentar
Authors: Ribeiro Freitas Alana Marcelino , Pereira Rodrigues Camilla Alves , Cunha Junior Luis Carlos , Soares Júnior Manoel Soares , Monteiro Cavalcante Rodrigo Barbosa
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A incorporação de matrizes alimentares alternativas em panificados é uma estratégia para produção de alimentos veganos saudáveis. Objetivo. Desenvolver brownies veganos e obter a composição físico-química e os aspectos microbiológicos e sensoriais. Material e métodos. Foram elaboradas quatro formulações, F1 (isenta de feijão), F2 (45% de feijão e 11% cacau), F3 (45% de feijão e 6% de cacau) e F4 (60% de feijão). Para a produção, os ingredientes foram multiprocessados com água e a massa obtida foi assada. A atividade de água foi verificada no Aqualab Series 3TE. A qualidade microbiológica foi analisada em 0, 5, 10, 15 e 20 dias. Na análise sensorial foi utilizado o teste de aceitação por Escala Hedônica. A composição centesimal foi determinada e o valor energético calculado conforme os fatores de conversão de Atwater. Resultados. As formulações F3 e F4 foram aceitas sensorialmente. Apesar da atividade de água elevada, os brownies apresentaram estabilidade microbiológica e, quando armazenados sob refrigeração, podem ser consumidos em até 20 dias. Os produtos obtiveram teores significativos de umidade, cinzas, proteínas e fibras alimentares, e apresentaram valor calórico médio (219,3 kcal) inferior às formulações onívoras disponíveis na literatura (320 – 468 kcal). Conclusão. Os brownies apresentaram características físico-químicas, microbiológicas e sensoriais viáveis, fomentando o mercado de panificados e sobremesas veganas.
ЕКСТЕР'ЄРНО-КОНСТИТУЦІЙНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ КРОЛІВ ПОРОДИ ПОЛТАВСЬКЕ СРІБЛО ТА ЇХ ЗВ'ЯЗОК З М’ЯСНОЮ ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЮ
Authors: Bashchenko Mykhailo , Boiko Oleksandr , Havrysh Oleksandr , Sotnichenko Ylia
Published: December 2024

Наведено результати оцінки екстер’єрного типу кролів полтавськесрібло. Встановлено, що кролі породи полтавське срібло належать домезосомного типу тілобудови: індекс збитості у самиць становить56,3%, асамців – 56,9%. За напрямком продуктивності кролі характеризуютьсяпідвищеною м’ясністю, дають шкурки придатні для хутрового і фетровоговиробництва. Використання тварин мезосомного типу тілобудови вподальшій селекційно-племінній роботі дасть змогу покращити популяціютварин за такими показниками як розмір тіла та відтворювальна здатність.Встановлено помірний обернено-пропорційний вірогідний зв'язок міжшириною попереку та вагою самки r =- 0,48 (p<0,01) та самця r =- 0,45(p<0,01); косою довжиною заду та вагою самки r =- 0,35 (p<0,05).Встановлений слабкої сили обернено-пропорційний зв'язок прямої довжинитулуба r =- 0,1, косої довжини тулуба r =- 0,1, ширини грудей r =- 0,1, глибинигрудей, ширини в маклоках r =- 0,1 з живою масою тіла самки; слабкакореляційна залежність відмічена з довжиною голови r = 0,1 та шириноюголови r = 0,1 з вагою тіла самки, проте значення мають невірогіднірезультати.Встановлені незначні відмінності в кореляційних значеннях у самцівпорівняно із самками. Встановлена невірогідна обернена залежність прямоїдовжини тулуба r =- 0,2, обхвату грудей r =- 0,2, косої довжини заду r =- 0,3 зживою масою самців породи полтавське срібло. Відмічений зв'язок слабкоїсили косої довжини тулуба r = 0,1, ширини грудей r = 0,1, довжини голови r =0,1 та ширини голови r =- 0,3 з вагою самців.Цілеспрямований відбір і підбір тварин з кращим розвитком задньоїчастини тулуба сприятиме формуванню масиву з високими показникамим’ясної продуктивності. Збереження, закріплення й посилення у потомківтакої закономірності зумовлює покращення конституції і екстер’єру,підвищення продуктивності та скороспілості.
Do actors’ incentives obstruct sector-wide long-term productivity in the design and production of bridges in Sweden?
Authors: Lagerkvist Johan , Bosch-Sijtsema Petra , Lӕdre Ola , Karlsson Mats , Simonsson Peter , Rempling Rasmus
Published: December 2024

An increase in productivity is necessary to reduce economic costs in bridge projects. Previous research indicates that construction productivity has decreased since the 1960s. A quantitative study was performed to find out how the incentives of the three major actors (client, contractor, and design engineer) could be obstacles to long-term productivity in the Swedish bridge construction industry. The study was performed as a self-completed questionnaire and received 151 responses. The results show that the contractors’ employees find profit in a single project more important than the company’s profit over time. Thus, the project´s incentives obstruct innovation and standardization, which could benefit future projects and thereby increase long-term productivity and the company’s profit over time. In contrast to contractors, design engineers and clients value company profit more than profit in a single project, and they value the quality of delivered products as the most important factor for increased long-term productivity.
First published online 10 December 2024
Modeling Multiple X-Ray Reflection in Super-Eddington Winds
Authors: Zhang 张 Zijian 子健 , Thomsen Lars Lund , Dai Lixin , Reynolds Christopher S. , García Javier A. , Kara Erin , Connors Riley , Masterson Megan , Yao Yuhan , Dauser Thomas
Published: December 2024

It has been recently discovered that a few super-Eddington sources undergoing black hole super-Eddington accretion exhibit X-ray reflection signatures. In such new systems, one expects the coronal X-ray emissions to be mainly reflected by optically thick super-Eddington winds instead of thin disks. In this paper, we conduct a series of general-relativistic ray-tracing and Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations to model the X-ray reflection signatures, especially the characteristic Fe Kα line, produced from super-Eddington accretion flows around nonspinning black holes. In particular, we allow the photons emitted by a lamppost corona to be reflected multiple times in a cone-like funnel surrounded by fast winds. We find that the Fe Kα line profile most sensitively depends on the wind kinematics, while its exact shape also depends on the funnel open angle and corona height. Furthermore, very interestingly, we find that the Fe Kα line can have a prominent double-peak profile in certain parameter spaces, even with a face-on orientation. Moreover, we compare the Fe Kα line profiles produced from super-Eddington and thin disks and show that such lines can provide important insights into the understanding of black hole systems undergoing super-Eddington accretion.
Deep Einstein@Home Search for Continuous Gravitational Waves from the Central Compact Objects in the Supernova Remnants Vela Jr. and G347.3-0.5 Using LIGO Public Data
Authors: Ming J. , Papa M. A. , Eggenstein H.-B. , Beheshtipour B. , Machenschalk B. , Prix R. , Allen B. , Bensch M.
Published: December 2024

We perform a search for continuous nearly monochromatic gravitational waves from the central compact objects associated with the supernova remnants Vela Jr. and G347.3. Over 1018 different waveforms are considered, covering signal frequencies between 20 and 1300 Hz (20 and 400 Hz) for G347.3-0.5 (Vela Jr.) and a very broad range of frequency derivatives. The data set used for this first search is from the second observing run of LIGO (O2). Thousands of volunteers donating compute cycles through the computing project Einstein@Home have made this endeavor possible. Following the Einstein@Home search, we perform multistage follow-ups of over 5 million waveforms. The threshold for selecting candidates from the Einstein@Home search is such that, after the multistage follow-up, we do not expect any surviving candidate due to noise. The very last stage uses a different data set, namely, the LIGO O3 data. We find no significant signal candidate for either targets. Based on this null result, for G347.3-0.5, we set the most constraining upper limits to date on the amplitude of gravitational-wave signals, corresponding to deformations below 10−6 in a large part of the search band. At the frequency of best strain sensitivity, near 161 Hz, we set 90% confidence upper limits on the gravitational-wave intrinsic amplitude of

h

0

90
%

≈
6.2
×

10

−
26

. Over most of the frequency range, our upper limits are a factor of 10 smaller than the indirect age-based upper limit. For Vela Jr., near 163 Hz, we set

h

0

90
%

≈
6.4
×

10

−
26

. Over most of the frequency range, our upper limits are a factor of 15 smaller than the indirect age-based upper limit. The Vela Jr. upper limits presented here are slightly less constraining than the most recent upper limits of R. Abbott et al., but they apply to a broader set of signals.
SN 2021foa: The “Flip-flop” Type IIn/Ibn Supernova
Authors: Farias D. , Gall C. , Narayan G. , Rest S. , Villar V. A. , Angus C. R. , Auchettl K. , Davis K. W. , Foley R. J. , Gagliano A. , Hjorth J. , Izzo L. , Kilpatrick C. D. , Perkins H. M. L. , Ramirez-Ruiz E. , Ransome C. L. , Sarangi A. , Yarza R. , Coulter D. A. , Jones D. O. , Khetan N. , Rest A. , Siebert M. R. , Swift J. J. , Taggart K. , Tinyanont S. , Wrubel P. , de Boer T. J. L. , Clever K. E. , Dhara A. , Gao H. , Lin C.-C.
Published: December 2024

We present a comprehensive analysis of the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2021foa, unique among the class of transitional supernovae for repeatedly changing its spectroscopic appearance from hydrogen-to-helium-to-hydrogen dominated (IIn-to-Ibn-to-IIn) within 50 days past peak brightness. The spectra exhibit multiple narrow (≈300–600 km s−1) absorption lines of hydrogen, helium, calcium, and iron together with broad helium emission lines with a full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of ∼6000 km s−1. For a steady, wind mass-loss regime, light-curve modeling results in an ejecta mass of ∼8 M
⊙ and circumstellar material (CSM) mass below 1 M
⊙, and an ejecta velocity consistent with the FWHM of the broad helium lines. We obtain a mass-loss rate of ≈2 M
⊙ yr−1. This mass-loss rate is 3 orders of magnitude larger than derived for normal Type II supernovae. We estimate that the bulk of the CSM of SN 2021foa must have been expelled within half a year, about 12 yr ago. Our analysis suggests that SN 2021foa had a helium-rich ejecta that swept up a dense shell of hydrogen-rich CSM shortly after explosion. At about 60 days past peak brightness, the photosphere recedes through the dense ejecta-CSM region, occulting much of the redshifted emission of the hydrogen and helium lines, which results in an observed blueshift (∼−3000 km s−1). Strong mass-loss activity prior to explosion, such as those seen in SN 2009ip-like objects and SN 2021foa as precursor emission, are the likely origin of a complex, multiple-shell CSM close to the progenitor star.
Global Simulation of the Solar Wind: A Comparison with Parker Solar Probe Observations during 2018–2022
Authors: Wu Chin-Chun , Liou Kan , Wood Brian E. , Wang Y. M.
Published: December 2024

Global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models play an important role in the infrastructure of space weather forecasting. Validating such models commonly utilizes in situ solar wind measurements made near the Earth’s orbit. The purpose of this study is to test the performance of G3DMHD (a data driven, time-dependent, 3D MHD model of the solar wind) with Parker Solar Probe (PSP) measurements. Since its launch in 2018 August, PSP has traversed the inner heliosphere at different radial distances sunward of the Earth (the closest approach ∼13.3 R
⊙), thus providing a good opportunity to study evolution of the solar wind and to validate heliospheric models of the solar wind. The G3DMHD model simulation is driven by a sequence of maps of the photospheric field extrapolated to the assumed source surface (2.5 R
⊙) using the potential field model from 2018 to 2022, which covers the first 15 PSP orbits. The Pearson correlation coefficient (cc) and the mean absolute scaled error (MASE) are used as the metrics to evaluate the model performance. It is found that the model performs better for both magnetic intensity (cc = 0.75; MASE = 0.60) and the solar wind density (cc = 0.73; MASE = 0.50) than for the solar wind speed (cc = 0.15; MASE = 1.29) and temperature (cc = 0.28; MASE = 1.14). This is due primarily to lack of accurate boundary conditions. The well-known underestimate of the magnetic field in solar minimum years is also present. Assuming that the radial magnetic field becomes uniformly distributed with latitude at or below 18 R
⊙ (the inner boundary of the computation domain), the agreement in the magnetic intensity significantly improves (cc = 0.83; MASE = 0.49).
Photon Ring Polarimetry with Next-generation Black Hole Imaging. I. M87*
Authors: Tamar Aditya , Palumbo Daniel C. M.
Published: December 2024

The near-horizon region of a black hole impacts linear (LP) and circular polarization (CP) through strong lensing of photons, adding large-scale symmetries and anti-symmetries to the polarized image. To probe the signature of lensing in polarimetry, we utilize a geometric model of concentric Gaussian rings of equal radius to investigate the transition in the Fourier plane at which the photon ring signal begins to dominate over the direct image. We find analytic, closed-form expressions for the transition radii in total intensity, LP, and CP, wherein the resultant formulae are composed of ratios of tunable image parameters, with the overall “scale” set primarily by the thickness of the direct image. Using these formulae, we compute the transition radii for time-averaged images of M87* simulations at 230 GHz, studying both magnetically arrested disk (MAD) and standard and normal evolution configurations for various spin and electron heating models. We compare geometric values to radii obtained directly from the simulations through a coherent averaging scheme. We find that nearly all MAD models have a photon ring-dominated CP signal on long baselines shorter than Earth's diameter at 230 GHz. Across favored models for the M87* accretion flow identified by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) polarimetric constraints, we quantify the sensitivity and antenna size requirements for the next-generation EHT and the Black Hole Explorer orbiter to detect these features. We find that the stringent requirements for CP favor explorations using long baselines on the ground, while LP remains promising on Earth-space baselines.
X-Ray, UV, and Optical Observations of Proxima Centauri’s Stellar Cycle
Authors: Wargelin Bradford J. , Saar Steven H. , Irving Zackery A. , Slavin Jonathan D. , Ratzlaff Peter , do Nascimento José-Dias
Published: December 2024

Proxima Cen (GJ 551; dM5.5e) is one of only about a dozen fully convective stars known to have a stellar cycle, and the only one to have long-term X-ray monitoring. A previous analysis found that X-ray and mid-UV observations, particularly two epochs of data from Swift, were consistent with a well-sampled ∼7 yr optical cycle seen in All Sky Automated Survey project (ASAS) data, but not convincing by themselves. The present work incorporates several years of new ASAS-SN optical data and an additional 5 yr of Swift XRT and UVOT observations, with Swift observations now spanning 2009–2021 and optical coverage from late 2000. X-ray observations by XMM-Newton and Chandra are also included. Analysis of the combined data, which includes modeling and adjustments for stellar contamination in the optical and UV, now reveals clear cyclic behavior in all three wavebands with a period of 8.0 yr. We also show that UV and X-ray intensities are anticorrelated with optical brightness variations caused by the cycle and by rotational modulation, discuss possible indications of two coronal mass ejections, and provide updated results for the previous finding of a simple correlation between X-ray cycle amplitude and Rossby number over a wide range of stellar types and ages.
Revisiting the Activity–Rotation Relation for Evolved Stars
Authors: Han Henggeng , Wang Song , Li Xue , Zheng Chuanjie , Liu Jifeng
Published: December 2024

The magnetic dynamo mechanism of giant stars remains an open question, which can be explored by investigating their activity–rotation relations with multiple proxies. By using the data from the LAMOST and Galaxy Evolution Explorer surveys, we carried out a comprehensive study of activity–rotation relations of evolved stars based on Ca ii H and K lines, Hα lines, and near-ultraviolet (NUV) emissions. Our results show that evolved stars and dwarfs obey a similar power law in the unsaturated region of the activity–rotation relation, indicating a common dynamo mechanism in both giants and dwarfs. There is no clear difference in the activity levels between red giant branch stars and red clump stars, nor between single giants and those in binaries. Additionally, our results show that the NUV activity levels of giants are comparable to those of G- and K-type dwarfs and are higher than those of M dwarfs.
On the Geometry of the Near-core Magnetic Field in Massive Stars
Authors: Ratnasingam R. P. , Edelmann P. V. F. , Bowman D. M. , Rogers T. M.
Published: December 2024

It is well-known that the cores of massive stars sustain a stellar dynamo with a complex magnetic field configuration. However, the same cannot be said for the field's strength and geometry at the convective–radiative boundary, which are crucial when performing asteroseismic inference. In this Letter, we present 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of a 7 M
⊙ mid-main-sequence star, with particular attention given to the convective–radiative boundary in the near-core region. Our simulations reveal that the toroidal magnetic field is significantly stronger than the poloidal field in this region, contrary to recent assumptions. Moreover, the rotational shear layer, also important for asteroseismic inference, is specifically confined within the extent of the Brunt–Väisälä frequency peak. These results, which are based on the inferred properties of HD 43317, have widespread implications for asteroseismic studies of rotation, mixing, and magnetism in stars. While we expect our results to be broadly applicable across stars with similar Brunt–Väisälä frequency profiles and stellar masses, we also expect the MHD parameters (e.g., Rem) and the initial stellar rotation rate to impact the geometry of the field and differential rotation at the convective–radiative interface.
Gastrointestinal helminths of small mammals (Rodentia and Carnivora) in the vicinity of Usholta, Georgia
Authors: Nikolaishvili Ketevan , Lomidze Tsitsino , Arabuli Lela , Asatiani Ketevan , Murvanidze Lali
Published: December 2024

In this study, we investigated the gastrointestinal helminth fauna of small mammals in the highland region of Usholta (Racha, Western Georgia). In total, 19 specimens of small mammals were examined, of which 10 gastrointestinal helminth species were detected. Five out of eight specimens of Apodemus uralensis were infected with three nematode species: Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Syphacia obvelata, and Trichuris muris. Notably, the liver of a single individual of A. uralensis was also infected with cestode—Echinococcus multilocularis, (larvocysts) —a novel host record for this parasite in Georgia. All eight exeminated Microtus daghestanicus specimens were infected with both cestode (Paranoplocephala omphalodes and Rodentolepis asymmetrica) and nematode (Heligmosomum costellatum and Syphacia sp.) parasites. Similarly, all three exeminied specimens of Mustela nivalis were infected with cestodes (Versteria mustelae) and nematodes (Molineus patens, Syphacia sp.). For Syphacia sp., M. nivalis is a new host record in Georgia. Only one specimen of A. uralensis was simultaneously infected by two species of nematodes (Syphacia sp., T. muris) and also a single individual of M. nivalis was infected with three species of helminths (V. mustelae, M. patens, Syphacia sp.). This study provides valuable insights into the helminth diversity and host-parasite relationships in the region, highlighting the importance of continued research on wildlife parasites.
Comparison of the Visual Outcomes and Optical Quality of Small Incision Lenticule Extraction and Toric Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation to Correct High Astigmatism
Authors: Wang Yuliang , Liu Yujia , Hu Jianghong , Wang Xiaoying , Zhou Xingtao , Huang Jia
Published: December 2024

Purpose

To compare 6-month visual outcomes and optical quality after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and toric Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) (STAAR Surgical Company) implantation for high myopia astigmatism.

Methods

This was a prospective non-randomized study. Overall, 88 eyes of 88 patients with high astigmatism (≥ 2.00 diopters [D]) were enrolled, comprising 42 and 46 eyes in the SMILE and toric ICL groups, respectively. Uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, subjective manifest refraction, and higher order aberrations (HOAs) were examined before and 6 months after surgery. The astigmatism outcomes were further analyzed using Alpins vector analysis.

Results

The preoperative astigmatism was −3.20 ± 0.58 D in the SMILE group and −3.09 ± 0.81 D in the toric ICL group (
P
= .495), respectively, and the postoperative astigmatism was −0.58 ± 0.39 and −0.72 ± 0.41 D (
P
= .099) in the SMILE and toric ICL groups, respectively, at the 6-month visit. Surgically induced astigmatism, correction index, difference vector, the magnitude of error, and index of success were comparable between the two groups (
P
> .05). The Alpins vector analysis indicated a significant difference in absolute values of the angle of error between the two groups (SMILE: 3.05 ± 2.98°, toric ICL: 4.70 ± 3.84°;
P
= .027). Compared with the SMILE group, the toric ICL group exhibited significantly fewer HOAs at the 6-month follow-up visit, including total HOAs, total coma, horizontal coma, vertical coma, and spherical aberrations.

Conclusions

Both SMILE and toric ICL implantation showed satisfactory efficacy and safety in correcting high myopia astigmatism, whereas toric ICL implantation induced fewer HOAs, leading to better postoperative visual quality.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(12):e916–e925.]
El “domador de caballos” procedente de la villa romana de Los Villaricos (Mula, Murcia)
Authors: González Fernández Rafael , Fernández Matallana Francisco , Zapata Parra José Antonio , Martínez García José Javier , Gómez Marín Javier
Published: December 2024

Presentamos el hallazgo que se produjo en julio de 2023, durante la campaña de excavación arqueológica en la villa romana de Los Villaricos (Mula, Murcia), de un fragmento de bajorrelieve esculpido en piedra arenisca con la representación de un “Despótes Hippôn” o “domador de caballos”. La pieza, cuyas características formales e iconográficas nos ofrecen una cronología plenamente de época ibérica (s. VI-III a. C.) ha aparecido en un contexto tardoantiguo de finales del siglo V e inicios del VI d. C. A lo largo del presente estudio, describiremos la pieza, analizaremos los motivos iconográficos, la simbología de estos y su contexto arqueológico.
Students’ Attitudes towards AI in Teaching and Learning
Authors: Dobrovská Dana , Vaněček David , Yorulmaz Yilmaz Ilker
Published: December 2024

The use of AI technology in education has generated an increasing interest in teachers, academicians, researchers, and students. This study synthesizes the responses from a survey conducted among 2230 students at a technical university in Czechia, aiming to capture their attitudes towards integrating AI technology in academic settings. We analyzed students’ perceptions on familiarity with the topic, perceived benefits and challenges of AI in education, ethical aspects, and perspectives for their teachers on this technology. A questionnaire was designed and administered within the frame of this study. Results reveal that the majority of respondents are familiar with and use AI technology, most of whom use it ‘sometimes’ or ‘commonly.’ Information processing and understanding is the most common purpose for using AI. Time efficiency and accessibility are the most reported advantages of AI, while the potential disadvantages involve credibility, overreliance, misuse, and scope-level concerns. Half of participants suggest students rarely or never consider ethical issues in their AI use. Most students believe that universities should clarify the gray areas regarding how and in which areas AI is allowed by establishing relevant ethical guidelines. Nearly half of student participants report that their teachers are moderately or more open to improving their understanding of AI use, while only a minority report that their teachers use it in practice.
Les gratuités des transports collectifs : quels impacts sur les politiques de mobilité ?
Authors: Hasiak Sophie , Passalacqua Arnaud , Poinsot Philippe
Published: December 2024

La gratuité des transports urbains fait partie du paysage français. Elle concerne des réseaux de taille variée, selon des modalités de mise en œuvre différentes, au point où il semble plus pertinent de parler de gratuités des transports au pluriel. Ces gratuités alimentent de nombreux débats ayant trait à la soutenabilité financière de telles mesures et à leur potentielle incidence sur la capacité des autorités organisatrices des mobilités à poursuivre la mise en œuvre de politique des mobilités durables. L’instauration de la gratuité d’un réseau de transports publics semble être perçue comme un frein à la poursuite du développement d’un réseau de transports collectifs en raison d’une baisse des moyens financiers des autorités organisatrices des mobilités. Cet article propose une analyse des conséquences des mesures de gratuité sur les politiques publiques locales de mobilité. En s’appuyant sur trois exemples de réseaux urbains passés à la gratuité durant les quatre dernières années (Calais, Montpellier et Nantes), il souligne que les mesures de gratuité des transports trouvent leur place dans des contextes assez variables, même si des éléments communs ressortent, comme le caractère rapide et non anticipé de la mesure. Par ailleurs, il démontre que, si cette mesure ne rebat pas complètement les cartes des politiques de mobilité aux racines plus anciennes, elle conduit toutefois à certains ajustements des projets en cours et à une évolution du cadre dans lequel elles se déploient, en particulier sur les questions tarifaires.
Retail geography and the building of a sustainable city
Authors: Dugot Philippe
Published: December 2024

Many questions arising from sustainable development remain judicious, even if the concept is legitimately discussed in the community of geographers. This article aims to focus on the actors and modalities of the creation of a sustainable city based on a sectoral approach: retail trade taken as an economic element and important urban function. After a reflection on the frequent instrumentalization of sustainability, it is a question of demonstrating the fertility of the cross-approach between many aspects of the urban crisis and the modalities of the modernization of commerce since the 1960s. The article then aims to discuss the urban planning responses given. This leads to opening the debate on the legitimacy of public action vs. the interests and tools of private companies. This article is based on the French case. Its singularities are recalled. But the analyses and questions can concern other urban contexts.
Étude géoarchéologique d’un aménagement sur les rives de la Vène au Second âge du Fer (Site de Juffet, Montbazin, Hérault, France)
Authors: Flaux Clément , Garcia-Dalmau Cristina , Magnin Frédéric , Buffat Loïc
Published: December 2024

Le site de Juffet se trouve sur la commune de Montbazin dans l’Hérault au nord de l’étang de Thau, à la confluence entre les ruisseaux intermittents de la Vène et des Combes. L’opération archéologique a notamment mis en évidence un enrochement discontinu de blocs daté de l’âge du Fer et une étude géomorphologique et malacologique a été conduite afin d’en restituer le contexte paléo-environnemental. Les archives bio-sédimentaires documentent la mise en place d’un paléo-chenal de la Vène au début du premier millénaire av. J.-C., sa migration latérale durant toute la période de l’âge du fer à un rythme moyen d’environ un mètre par siècle, enfin l’évolution du site vers un environnement de plaine alluviale durant la période historique. L’étude géoarchéologique montre que l’enrochement protohistorique a été installé sur la rive concave en érosion d’un méandre de la Vène, vraisemblablement pour en fixer la berge et protéger une occupation rivulaire adjacente située hors emprise. Ce site archéologique modeste en termes de densité et de conservation des vestiges met en lumière l’ancienneté plurimillénaire des tentatives de domestication des cours d’eau. Il montre l’intérêt d’une approche géoarchéologique à l’interprétation de vestiges fugaces en contexte alluvial.
Students Negotiation Awareness and Conflict Management Skills
Authors: Selvi Hasan Hüseyin , Serin Ayşen Hurma
Published: December 2024

The review will focus on the importance of basic skills and principles for students to understand and effectively manage the negotiation process. Among these skills, elements such as communication skills, planning ability and empathy will stand out. Conflicts, which are common in schools, usually occur when different opinions and goals conflict, and such situations can have negative consequences if they are not managed effectively. Having conflict management skills can enable students to cope with such situations and find positive solutions. The review will also provide information on conflict types and sources, as well as conflict resolution strategies. This information will guide students in identifying conflicts, understanding their origins, and resolving them effectively. In this way, a framework will be provided to strengthen students' negotiation and conflict management skills, which are an important tool to increase both their academic and social success.
A Comprehensive Review of Advanced Control Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Authors: Khalid S.
Published: December 2024

This comprehensive review explores advanced control strategies for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), focusing on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques. The chapter traces the evolution of HEV control strategies from conventional methods to more sophisticated approaches, such as fuzzy logic, neural networks, model predictive control, and adaptive control. The integration of AI and ML, including reinforcement learning, deep learning, and hybrid AI approaches, is discussed in detail. A comparative analysis of these strategies evaluates their performance in terms of fuel efficiency, emissions reduction, computational complexity, and adaptability. Case studies highlight real-world applications and benefits. Future directions and research opportunities, including edge computing, IoT integration, and advanced sensors, are explored. This review underscores the importance of adopting advanced control strategies to optimize HEV performance, efficiency, and reliability, contributing to a sustainable and energy-efficient future.