bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemakaian Kaedah Iḥtiyāṭ Dalam MS1500: 2009: Prosedur Sembelihan Menurut Perspektif Mazhab Syafii
Authors: Baharuddin Madiha , Wafaa’ Mazlan  , Ridzwan Ahmad  , Norhidayah Pauz
Published: January 2022

Pemakaian kaedah iḥtiyāṭ banyak digunakan dalam kebanyakan hukum menurut mazhab Syafii untuk menghasilkan hukum yang jelas dan meyakinkan. Kaedah ini dilihat dapat menghasilkan hukum yang lebih tepat dan selari mengikut kehendak maqāṣid al-sharī’ah. Melihatkan kepada pengamalan mazhab Syafii yang dominan di Malaysia, maka kebanyakan standard dan peraturan yang diamalkan adalah berdasarkan hukum di dalam mazhab Syafii. Namun begitu, apabila diteliti terdapat beberapa perkara di dalam standard yang turut mengambil hukum daripada mazhab lain kerana dilihat lebih mudah untuk diamalkan. Ini menyebabkan berlakunya percanggahan hukum di dalam peraturan yang ditetapkan dengan apa yang diamalkan menurut mazhab Syafii termasuklah dalam isu berkaitan penyembelihan. Oleh itu, kajian ini akan memfokuskan terhadap analisis mengenai hukum sembelihan di dalam MS 1500: 2009 menurut perspektif mazhab Syafii berdasarkan pemakaian kaedah iḥtiyāṭ untuk menjelaskan penyesuaian kaedah mazhab Syafii dalam perlaksanaan hukum. Analisis kajian menunjukkan bahawa kurangnya pemakaian kaedah iḥtiyāṭ dalam penetepan hukum mengenai sembelihan di dalam MS 1500: 2009 menyebabkan berlakunya percanggahan hukum antara peraturan yang ditetapkan dengan apa yang diamalkan di dalam mazhab Syafii.
الاستفادة القصوى من المذاهب المعتبرة بشأن حكم توزيع الشخص زكاته من غير دفعها لديوان الزكاة: فتوى مجلس الإفتاء الوطني الماليزي نموذجا
Authors: Ismail Abdul Manan , Baharuddin Ahmad Syukran
Published: January 2022

This research examines parameters in taking maximum benefits from recognized Islamic schools concerning the rulings of a person’s Zakat distribution without paying it to Zakat centre. Fatwa of the National Fatwa Committee of Malaysia has been used as a model in this research. This discussion has been completed through a critical descriptive approach to describe the matter, conforming to scholars’ opinion and its analysis through reliable sources in Islamic jurisprudence and its origins, thus coming up with reasonable appropriate results. The directives and principles were extracted from Islamic rulings and linked to the current situation of the Islamic society so that this study would not remain merely imaginary theories, far from the reality of the community. The researchers meditated and criticized the advisory opinion issued by the National Fatwa Committee of Malaysia on the provision of distributing zakat directly to its receiver without paying it to the Zakat centre. The researchers found that the National Fatwa Committee adheres to the parameter in issuing fatwa, as it has issued a fatwa that contrary to the opinion of the official recognized fiqh school in Malaysia by considering appropriate interest.
الفتاوى في أسباب استحقاق الميراث: دراسة تحليلية لميراث من لا وارث له من المسلمين الجدد
Authors: Raouane Azziz , Ruhi Fadzlyana Jailani  , Mualimin Mochammad Sahid
Published: January 2022

ملخص

لقد أقر الإسلام نظام التّوارث بين القرابة فقوى بهذا التّشريع أواصر اللّحمة بين الوارث والمورث، كما سن التّوارث بين الزّوجين ما دامت الزّوجية قائمة بينهما، وأعطى للمعتق حق ميراث عبده الذي أعتقه، وقد هدفت هذه الدّراسة إلى بيان وتحليل استحقاق الميراث بسبب رابطة الإسلام. والتي تنازع استحقاق الميراث بها الموالي للمؤلف قلبه بجهة الإسلام، وبيت المال بكونه جهة ممثلة لجماعة المسلمين. وتكمن مشكلة البحث فيمن له أولوية ميراث المؤلف قلبه أو من لا وارث له، إذا انعدمت الأسباب الأخرى للميراث. وقد اعتمدت هذه الدّراسة على المنهج الاستقرائي وذلك من خلال تتبّع آراء الفقهاء وأدلتهم في شروط استحقاق الولاء بالإسلام في هذا الوقت بذات، والنّظر في استحقاق بيت المال لميراث من لا وارث له من المسلمين، كما اعتمدت على المنهج التّحليلي المقارن في مناقشة آراء الفقهاء وأدلتهم وتحليلها، مع مقارنة هذه الأحكام بما يجري عليه العمل في دوائر الفتوى اليوم. وقد خلصت هذه الدّراسة إلى نتائج مهمة منها: أن بيت المال هو جهة حافظة لأموال المسلمين من الضّياع، وليس جهة وارثة، فإن عرف لهذه الأموال صاحب ردت إليه، وإن لم يعرف لها صاحب مالك وزعت في مصالح المسلمين. وأن جهة الولاء بالإسلام للأشخاص مقدمة على بيت المال شرعا، وأن من لا وارث له شرعا من المسلمين الجدد له أن يوصي بكل ماله لمن كان سببا في إسلامه سواء كان شخصا أو مؤسسة.

Abstract

Islam has approved the system of inheritance based on accepted scholars justification. In kinship, this legislation has strengthened the bonds between the heir and the bequeathed. Likewise, the inheritance between spouses as long as the marriage exists between them. And he gave the freedman the right to inherit from his slave who had freed him. This study aimed to clarify and analyze the entitlement to inheritance in Muslim new. The problem of the research lies in the one who has the priority of the inheritance in new Muslims, if there are no other justifications for inheritance. This study relied on the inductive approach, by following the opinions of the jurists and their evidence regarding the conditions for inheritance entitlement in Islam currently; and examining the entitlement of Bayt Al-Mal as the beneficiary of the new Muslims who have no heirs. It also relied on the comparative analytical method in discussing and analyzing the opinions and evidence of jurists; comparing these provisions with what is being done in the fatwa departments today. This study concluded important results, including: The Bayt Al-Mal is a custodian of Muslims' money from loss, and not an inheritor. If the owner of this money is known, it will be returned to him, and if the owner of the money is not known, it will be distributed in the interests of the Muslims. The person who guides the new Muslim should be given precedence of inheritance in the Syariah. While, a new Muslim who does not have a legal inheritance has the right to bequeath all his money to whoever was a reason for his conversion to Islam, whether he was a person or an institution.
Analisis Aurat Atlet Muslim Di Temasya Olimpik 2020: Kajian Menurut Perspektif Fiqh Islami
Authors: Mahmad Robbi Ahmad  Akram
Published: January 2022

Perundangan Islam telah memperuntukkan hukum khusus terhadap tatacara pemakaian yang mewajibkan setiap individu Muslim menutup aurat. Ketetapan batasan aurat ini telah dinyatakan secara jelas di dalam al-Quran dan al-Sunnah. Walaubagaimanapun, apabila berbicara soal aktiviti riadah dan sukan di peringkat antarabangsa seperti Temasya Sukan Olimpik, seringkali isu-isu aurat para atlet Muslim akan berbangkit. Hal ini kerana terdapat beberapa acara sukan yang memperuntukkan pakaian yang tidak mematuhi garis panduan aurat yang dianjurkan oleh agama Islam. Rentetan daripada itu, para atlet Muslim seringkali dijadikan subjek kecaman dan kritikan berbaur negatif sehingga menyebabkan mereka tersekat di dalam dilema antara mematuhi perintah agama dalam konteks menutup aurat dan penglibatan mereka dalam bidang kesukanan professional. Bedasarkan metode kualitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan kajian kes melalui pemerhatian dan analisis dokumen, kajian ini mendapati bahawa berlaku pertembungan antara kod pemakaian atlet Muslim dengan peruntukan mematuhi ketetapan menutup aurat seperti yang termaktub dalam al-Quran dan al-Sunnah. Justeru, melalui kajian ini beberapa cadangan dan panduan dikemukakan untuk menambahbaik kod pemakaian para atlet professional seiring dengan kehendak syarak.

Kata kunci: Olimpik, atlet, Muslim, sukan, aurat.
Culture as a Conceptual Vector of Economic Modernization
Authors: Bulavka-Buzgalina Liudmila A.
Published: January 2022

The article shows that at present the processes of total marketization have spread to the sphere of artistic culture, in which more and more the value of a creator and the results of his activity is evaluated in terms of market and capital. It becomes one of the factors of the economy stagnation that lasts for decades, in particular, in Russia. Meanwhile, the existing experience of modernization in the USSR shows that there is a powerful feedback when culture and, in particular, art, become an important factor and conceptual vector of socio-economic and technological modernization. The means for this can be and have been historically long-term strategic development programs linking together technological, scientific, economic, educational and cultural transformations, mass labor enthusiasm, the inclusion of workers in social creativity and other relations and institutions that transform a person from a passive object (an employee, consumer) into an active creator. The history of the USSR gives contradictory examples of such relations formation (the GOELRO plan, etc.).
Social Justice as an Incentive and a Brake on Economic Development: The Contradictions of the USSR as Challenges for the Future
Authors: Barashkova Olga V.
Published: January 2022

The article examines the experience of the USSR in the field of solving the problem of correlation between social justice and economic efficiency. The characteristics of those aspects of Soviet experience in the sphere of implementation of social justice principles in the sphere of labor and distribution, which have potential for application in the conditions of modern capitalism to respond to the current challenges, are outlined. Firstly, it is noted that social justice is not reduced to inequality of income and distribution of wealth but is considered in connection with the human factor of economic development. In an expanded understanding, social justice includes a measure of access to basic resources such as labour, housing, education, health and other areas of human development. The experience of the USSR is characterised by the fact that, on the one hand, the universal availability and security of these basic resources (public goods) created the grounds for stimulating human development. On the other hand, the violation of these declared principles in practice (due to the development of bureaucratic privileges and benefits, the shadow economy, etc.) caused serious negative incentives, which became one of the elements in the system of reasons for the departure of “real socialism” from the historical scene. Secondly, the article points out that the Soviet system of income generation based on the principles of labour distribution was a combination of planned-normative and market-capitalist principles designed to create economic “egoistic” incentives. To the extent that this system was implemented, it succeeded in stimulating productivity and labour (but not market) initiative. But the manifestation, and in later stages of the USSR's development – in some cases the predominance, of bureaucratic-voluntarist foundations in the system created rather negative incentives. Relations of alienation in the sphere of appropriation and disposal of public property undermined socialist incentives to work and social innovation. The author concludes that some of the achievements of the Soviet system in the realisation of social justice are possible and effective in meeting the challenge of sustainable development in the 21st century. In particular, practices that were developed in the Soviet system, such as the provision of basic goods that are publicly available and free to users, the use of forms of work organisation based on a combination of competition, solidarity and self-government, etc., remain important.
Application of the New Resource Approach to the Study of the Parameters of the Industrialization Economy
Authors: Razvadovskaya Yulia V.
Published: January 2022

The processes of industrialization, reindustrialization and new industrialization differ not only in the content and mechanisms of implementation, but also in the set of resources required for their application. New industrialization as a process of quantitative and qualitative changes in the economy is based on a complex of resources. These resources are necessary, on the one hand, for the modernization of traditional industries, and on the other hand, for the formation of promising economic activities and industries. Keeping a balance between the resources used to achieve the goals of modernization and innovative development in order to achieve the goals of modernization and innovative development is one of the tasks of a methodological nature and requires the development of appropriate theoretical approaches and models. At the same time, the second most important task is the application of such theories and concepts that will provide a solution to the problems associated with the identification, assessment and description of the parametric characteristics and functions of resources in the system of industrial development of the domestic economy. To solve these problems, the article highlights the features of new industrialization; its differences from such phenomena as industrialization, deindustrialization and reindustrialization. It is substantiated that the use of the resource concept as a methodological basis for new industrialization will make it possible to determine the following: to draw up a typology of the resources of new industrialization; identify criteria for strategic and complementary resources of new industrialization; to identify the subjects of relations in the resource allocation system, as well as their specific functions. The article concludes that modernization processes are provided mainly by massive resources and complementary capabilities and competencies, while the processes of innovative and technological development within the framework of the new industrialization of the economy presuppose the presence of strategic, unique resources and competencies.
Short-Term Economic Forecasting by Complex-Valued Autoregressions
Authors: Svetunkov Sergey G.
Published: January 2022

One of the directions that can expand the instrumental base for modeling the economy is complex-valued economics – ​a section of economic and mathematical modeling devoted to the use of models and methods of the theory of the function of a complex variable in economics. The article discusses the possibility of short-term economic forecasting using autoregressive models of complex variables. A classification of possible modifications of complex-valued autoregressive models is given, and the main properties of each of the classes of these models are shown. One of the varieties of these complex-valued models uses current and past errors of approximation, which means that it can be compared with the widely used model of autoregressive real variables ARIMA(p, d, q). The article makes such a comparison, both on a theoretical level and on a practical example.
Impact of Exports on the Exporter’s Domestic Market
Authors: Borodin Konstantin G.
Published: January 2022

This paper developed a theoretical model of partial equilibrium of the export-oriented market for a short-term period, as well as outlined the main approaches to modeling equilibrium in a long-term period. Thus, the competition between the producers of the selected exporting country and its global competitor in the external import-dependent market is considered. In the partial equilibrium model, for the first time, the domestic and foreign sales markets are presented together. The analysis of the theoretical model made it possible to obtain the following results for the short-term period: in a state close to equilibrium, external supplies of the exporting country are positively related to their own production volumes and negatively – ​with the production volumes of the global exporter; the price of the domestic market of the exporting country is negatively related to the volume of its own production and the volume of production of the global exporter. The paper analyzes three scenarios that allow checking the adequacy of the partial equilibrium model for different conditions of its application. The first scenario considers a negative supply shock associated with a drop in production in a global exporter. The second analyzes the impact of the pandemic on the global exporter and exporting country. The third scenario is devoted to assessing the impact of a demand shock on a designated exporting country. The scenarios confirmed the adequacy of the model. The approach to modeling an export-oriented market for a long-term period is based on the assumption that the exporter's price will converge with the price of the domestic market over time and, ultimately, will differ from it only by the amount of additional costs associated with the export of a unit of production. It was established that, while maintaining exogenous conditions for positive long-term export dynamics, the price of the domestic market of the exporting country will decrease in case of an increase in the incremental values of exports and production volumes of the global exporter. The consequences of the positive dynamics of exports for the domestic demand of the exporting country are considered. The established relationships between exports and sales in the exporter's domestic market were empirically confirmed by the example of the Russian sunflower oil market.
The Integral Index of Business Activity: Methods of Constructing
Authors: Frenkel Aleksandr A. , Tikhomirov Boris I. , Sergiyenko Yakov V. , Surkov Anton A.
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the formation and use of the business activity index for the analysis, forecasting and regulation of the development of the Russian economy. The possibilities of forming the Business Activity Index of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences by basic spheres of the economy (Index of the Institute of Economics RAS) are analyzed and its advantages are substantiated in comparison with the Index of Output of Goods and Services by the basic types of economic activities of Rosstat (Rosstat Index). The analysis of the dynamics of the IE RAS Index and the Rosstat Index after the socio-economic crisis of 2014–2015 until the second half of 2021, including the period of the coronavirus pandemic, has been carried out. A list of macroeconomic indicators characterizing the level of business activity in the spheres of the national economy included in the IE RAS Index is presented. Analysis and comparison of the dynamics of the IE RAS and Rosstat indices showed that the main advantages of the IE RAS Index lie in a more accurate determination of the timing of the onset and overcoming of crisis processes, as well as the depth of their impact on socio-economic development. Particular attention is paid to the analysis and comparison of the dynamics of business activity in the post-crisis and pandemic periods. It was found that the maximum drop in business activity, caused largely by restrictive measures in connection with the coronavirus pandemic, was observed in 2020. It is noted that the maximum growth in business activity for the period under review fell on the first half of 2021. This growth is confirmed by the dynamics of business activity indices according to the methodology of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Rosstat. The paper concludes that the IE RAS Index provides a more accurate integral assessment of the macroeconomic dynamics of business activity; it is proposed to widely use it in state accounting and management, forecasting and strategic planning.
Assessment of Oil Rent of the Russian Federation
Authors: Pitelin Anatoly K.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the position of the author, relating to such an important economic concept as oil rent. The oil rent of the country, estimated in the world economic space, is determined and considered. A mathematical model is presented that allows calculating such rent using available statistical information. The method of obtaining initial data is described and the results of specific applied calculations are given. The interpretation of oil rents as super-profits of oil companies, established in economic science, affects, according to the author, only a part of the economic benefits that the country receives by developing its oil fields. If we consider such deposits as a natural gift, then it is possible, according to the author, to estimate the full size of this gift only as a result of comparing the real situation with the virtual one, in which there are no such deposits or they are, but are not exploited. The result of such a comparison is considered in the article as the oil rent of the country, estimated in the world economic space. As an illustration, the results of calculations of the oil rent of the Russian Federation for 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2018 are given. А brief analysis of the results obtained and their dependence on external economic circumstances is given. For the purpose of comparison, the calculation of the oil rent of Saudi Arabia for 2018 is given.
NETWORK MARKETING SÖZLEŞMESİ
Authors: AVCI Elif
Published: January 2022

Sanayi devrimi sonrasında artan üretim ile sanayiciler bu malları tüketicilere ulaştırma konusunda yeni arayışlar içerisine girmiştir. Üretilen malların birden fazla aracı eliyle tüketicilere ulaştırılması en klasik yöntem olup, yüksek maliyetlere yol açmıştır. Ürünlerin fiyatının yüksekliği satışını da etkilemiştir. Bu nedenle üreticiler, fiyatın çok artmadan tüketiciye ulaştırılmasını sağlayacak yöntemler geliştirmiştir. Bu yöntemlerden biri ürünlerin müşterilere ev ve iş yerlerinde tanıtılarak satılmasını sağlayan “doğrudan pazarlama”dır.

Doğrudan pazarlama sistemiyle bağımsız çalışan statüsünde olan kişi, firmadan toptan fiyata aldığı ürünleri tüketicilere perakende fiyatına satarak aradaki farktan kazanç elde etmektedir. Doğrudan pazarlamada, satıcının sadece kendisinin sattığı ürünlerden kazanç elde etmesi halinde tek katlı pazarlamadan bahsedilir. Satıcının hem kendi satışı hem de sisteme dahil ettiği kişilerin satışlarından kazanç elde etmesi halinde ise çok katlı pazarlama söz konusu olmaktadır. Çok katlı pazarlama kişiye bir ağ oluşturup iki yönlü kazanç elde etme imkanı sunmaktadır. Oluşturulan bu ağ network; yapılan iş olan pazarlama ise marketing olarak ifade edilmektedir.
Nurse workforce scheduling: A qualitative study of Indonesian nurse managers’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sugianto Kartika Mawar Sari , Hariyati Rr. Tutik Sri , Pujasari Hening , Novieastari Enie , Handiyani Hanny
Published: January 2022

Background: The increase in COVID-19 cases in Indonesia has resulted in changes in the hospital workflow, including the staffing process and scheduling, especially in the isolation units. Nurse managers are working hard in the scheduling system to ensure high-quality care is provided with the best human resources.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of nurse managers in managing staff nurses’ work schedules during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was used in this study. Eleven nurse managers from three COVID-19 referral hospitals were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using online semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis, and data were presented using a thematic tree. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist was used as a reporting guideline of the study.

Results: Four themes were developed: (i) Nurse shortage, (ii) Strategically looking for ways to fulfill the workforce, (iii) Change of shift schedule, and (iv) Expecting guidance from superiors and compliance from staff.

Conclusion: The lack of nurse staff is a problem during a pandemic. Thus, managing personnel effectively, mobilizing and rotating, and recruiting volunteers are strategies to fulfill the workforce during the pandemic. Using a sedentary shift pattern and sufficient holidays could prevent nurses from falling ill and increase compliance with scheduling. In addition, a staffing calculation formula is needed, and top nursing managers are suggested to provide guidance or direction to the head nurses to reduce confusion in managing the work schedule during the pandemic.
Impact of Surface Improvement Measures on Low-yielding Summer Pastures on Pasture Productivity and Forage Quality
Authors: Seifaddinov S.
Published: January 2022

Cultivation of soil on the slopes of mountainous areas leads to a decrease in organic matter and nutrients in the soil and severe soil erosion. Grazing is one of the main reasons for the degradation of pastures and natural landscape, which increases the sensitivity of the soil to erosion. Soil erosion, in turn, pollutes water by increasing its turbidity and sometimes causes atrophy due to leakage of phosphorus and nitrogen. An average of 30.6 quintals of green mass or 7.8 quintals of dry grass per hectare was produced in the variant of grass seed sowing (without fertilizer), compared to the control variant, in the variant of grass seed sowing + N60P60K40 this indicator averaged 39.9 centners/ha of green mass. or more than 15.0%, resulting in the production of 10.0 quintals of dry or 14.7% more dry grass. Experimental field studies to improve pastures have shown that the fodder produced in each of the tested variants; green mass and dry grass supply and their nutritional value were higher than control.
Prevalence, Structure and Clinical and Functional Characteristics of Risk Factors for the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases in Adults in Children of School Age
Authors: Koshukeyeva M. , Bolotbekova A. , Bakaeva A.
Published: January 2022

Relevance. Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Known modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in adults are found already in childhood, are relatively persistent, leading not only to the formation of cardiovascular disease, but also to disability and death at a young age. Objective. Study of the prevalence, structure and clinical and functional characteristics of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in adults in school-age children in Bishkek. Research methods. The material for the study was the analysis of survey data of 2856 schoolchildren aged 10 to 17 years, selected as a result of a one-step cross-sectional study of students from 5 educational institutions in Bishkek. To study cardiovascular disease RF in children, a specially developed questionnaire and survey card were used. Results of work. As a result of the questionnaire, the presence of hereditary cardiovascular disease burden was revealed in 26.5% (771) schoolchildren and 2.4% (72) of them confirmed heart disease in their parents. The smoking factor was detected in 8.5% (245) schoolchildren, and 40.6% (1160) schoolchildren indicated low physical activity. An increased body mass index as one of the main risk factors was found in 7.4% (211) schoolchildren. Daily consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits was revealed only in 41.3% of schoolchildren, which indicates an insufficiently balanced diet of the surveyed children. Scope of the results. The results of the study will make it possible to take certain measures to predict morbidity, develop preventive measures among children and adolescents for the development of serious diseases of the heart and blood vessels in the future.
Features of the Clinical Course of Arterial Hypotension in Pregnant Women
Authors: Subanova A.
Published: January 2022

A study was carried out of women with arterial hypotension against the background of the development of the pathological state of the fetus and newborns born to women living in two different climatic regions of Osh city and in the highlands of Chon-Alay district of Osh region. In the pathogenesis of pregnancy complications caused by arterial hypotension, the leading importance is attached to vascular disorders and microcirculation disorders, leading to systemic hemodynamic changes in the body of a pregnant woman. It was found that in mountainous terrain, arterial hypotension and exogenous hypoxia affect the “mother–placenta–fetus–newborn” system, increasing the load on the respiratory, circulatory and hematopoietic organs of the mother, and also leads to impaired placental function.
The Effect of Various Types of Basic Therapy on Laboratory and Immunological Parameters in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Kulchinova G. , Mamasaidov A. , Irisov A.
Published: January 2022

In this work examined the effect of various types of basic therapy on laboratory, including immunological parameters in ankylosing spondylitis. The influence of basic treatment of patients with ankylosing spondylitis with sulfasalazine, methotrexate and rituximab on laboratory indicators of the disease such as ESR, CRP, fibrinogen and immunological indicators such as IgM, IgG and IgA was evaluated. It has been established that all three basic drugs (sulfasalazine, methotrexate and rituximab) in ankylosing spondylitis have a positive effect on the dynamics of laboratory and immunological parameters. But at the same time, rituximab has a more pronounced and earlier effect.
On the Quality of Providing Rehabilitation Care in Sanatorium and Health Resort and Health-Improving Institutions in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Bularkieva E. , Sagymbaev M.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the activity of rendering rehabilitation aid to the population of Kyrgyzstan in the sanatorium and resort conditions. In the course of work, the basic elements of management of the quality system of this service are covered.
Constitutional Legal Framework for the Participation of Citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan in Managing the Affairs of Society and States
Authors: Berdimuratova G.
Published: January 2022

The article examines the right of citizens to participate in the management of state affairs, its constitutional features. Special attention is paid to its role and place in the system of constitutional human and civil rights and freedoms. It is concluded that the participation of citizens in the management of state affairs is one of the guarantors of ensuring the rights and freedoms of the individual and the most important institution of a democratic society.
Manifestation of Suicidal Behavior of Adolescents and Their Rehabilitation in Modern Conditions
Authors: Zholdoshbaev D. , Koshonova S. , Nakataev M. , Raiymberdiev Y.
Published: January 2022

Research relevance: socialization includes all the processes of communication with upbringing, education and culture, thanks to which a person gets the opportunity to participate in public life and social character. The whole environment of a person is involved in the process of socialization: family, neighbors, peers in children’s institutions, schools, the media, etc. Research objectives: specialized psychiatric or suicidal methods are medical and psychotherapeutic methods of treatment aimed at treating mental and behavioral disorders that lead to suicidal behavior and preventing the onset and recurrence of suicidal activity. Research materials and methods: psychological forms of prevention of suicidal behavior include the formation of anti-suicidal behavior, changes in personal attitudes, self-esteem, level of motivation, etc. includes targeted psychocorrection programs. Research results: reconstruction of the education system and public education will be successful only if it is the work of the whole society. Conclusions: it is important to focus all social life, social-cultural environment, education and training system on the younger generation.
Importance of Pedagogical Practice in Formation of Professional Competencies in Future Teachers
Authors: Batyraliev A.
Published: January 2022

Research relevance: the issues of organizing and conducting teaching practice at Osh State University are relevant in connection with the increase and improvement of teachers and students educational activities in general. Research objectives: to reveal the goals, objectives, content and criteria for assessing adaptation, vocational-base and vocational-profile practice. Research materials and methods: the article construction based on analysis of educational standards on pedagogical practice, on the main goals and objectives definition in adaptational-pedagogical practice. Research results: experience of organizing and conducting pedagogical practice can be theoretically and practically useful for several pedagogical universities. Conclusions: based on specialties specifics, methodological departments of pedagogical faculties have developed educational methodological complexes and syllabuses for each type of pedagogical practice.
Conditions for Increasing the Youth Pre-army Physical Training Class Organization
Authors: Baimuratov K. , Daminov T. , Abdullaeva Zh.
Published: January 2022

Research relevance: article discusses problem in organizing lessons on the school subject of pre-army physical training of youth with subdivision into external and internal organization moments. Research objectives: to determine the conditions for organizing classes and preparing students for the perception of the proposed information. Research materials and methods: distribution of class students into educational subgroups; setting up work within each subgroup; change of places of employment, sports equipment and equipment, a combination of educational and disciplinary requirements; organized ending of classes. Research results: the general level of organization is a kind of assessment of a teacher’s ability to competently manage educational cognitive process (ECP) in a wide variety of situations. Conclusions: an important condition for increasing the ECP organization is full preparation of material and technical base for its implementation.
Study of the toxicity of nanoparticles of various nature
Authors: Dukhnovsky Evgeny Anatolevich
Published: January 2022

Nanoparticles of various nature are increasingly being subjected to extensive research in recent years, in particular, studies of toxicity. This review article briefly systematizes and summarizes the available toxicity data of nanoparticles of various nature.
The choice of excipients in the development of a soft dosage form of phleboprotective action containing a micronized flavonoid fraction
Authors: Maltseva Viktoriya Konstantinovna , Stepanova Eleonora Fedorovna , Kulichenko Evgeniya Olegovna , Makieva Marina Sergeevna
Published: January 2022

Varicose veins are called one of the diseases of the 21st century, caused by a sedentary lifestyle and genetics. The purpose of this study was the development of ointment compositions containing the micronized flavonoid fraction and the study of the degree of release of the micronized fraction by the flavonoid from the ointment compositions with penetrating components. With the obtained ointment compositions, a complex of biopharmaceutical studies in vitro was carried out: release from ointment compositions by diffusion into a gelatin gel and dialysis through a semipermeable membrane, while the quality indicators of the ointment compositions were established. The conducted in vitro biopharmaceutical studies helped to determine the final composition of the ointment in relation to the auxiliary composition: active ingredient — 2%, PEG 1500:PEG 400 (7:3), propylene glycol — 1%.
Application of the high-resolution HPLC–MS/MS method for identification and quantitative determination of impurities in the substance of the drug «Lomustine»
Authors: Reshetnikova I.O. , Metlitskikh S.V. , Stekleneva N.D. , Volov A.N.
Published: January 2022

Due to the state program of the Russian Federation "Development of the pharmaceutical and medical industry" (Pharma-2020), extended until 2024, the interest in the possibility of organizing the production and quality control of imported medicinal substances directly on the territory of the Russian Federation has significantly increased. In this case, the drugs included in the lists of "Indispensible and essential drugs" and "Provision of necessary drugs" [1] are of particular importance. One of the drugs often used in the chemotherapy of malignant tumors is the drug "Lomustine", which includes 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea as an active ingredient [1-3].
Innovative NSAID dosage forms: lornoxicam suppositories and their standardization
Authors: Skupchenko Viktoriya Viktorovna , Mekhonoshina Ekaterina Nikolaevna
Published: January 2022

The article presents the studies on the development of a method for the quantitative determination of lornoxime in suppositories using UV spectrophotometry. The optical densities of the test solutions were recorded at a wavelength of 375 nm. The absorption spectra of standard solutions of lornoxicam, as well as of tested solutions of suppositories were obtained. The relative standard deviation was 2.31%.
Determination of the degree of degradation of specific impurity B contained in the substance of the drug «Lomustine» by high-resolution HPLC–MS/MS method
Authors: Reshetnikova Irina Olegovna , Metlitskikh Sergey Vasilievich , Stekleneva Nadezhda Dmitrievna , Volov Aleksandr Nikolaevich
Published: January 2022

A high-resolution HPLC–MS/MS method was proposed for the study of solutions of standards of specific impurity B contained in the substance of the drug «Lomustine», which is included in the List of Vital Medicines. A characteristic degradation product of specific impurity B, the content and quantity of which is not regulated by the European Pharmacopoeia, has been found.
Modern trends in the development of organic chemistry
Authors: Selivanova Irina Anatolievna , Terekhov Roman Petrovich , Taldaev Amir Khalilovich
Published: January 2022

The role of organic chemistry and other chemical disciplines in the system of training qualified personnel for the pharmaceutical industry is indisputable. In what direction is chemistry developing in the modern world? What innovative directions does chemistry offer to drug developers? Can a robot synthesize a new compound? How to achieve practically significant results of scientific research? How may the obtained results be published in highly rated journals? These and many other topics were widely discussed at the XII International Conference of Students and Young Scientists in Chemistry «Mendeleev-2021» held in the fall of 2021. This article is published to attract young researchers’ attention to topical issues at the interface of chemistry and pharmacy and assist them in realizing their creative scientific potential.
Kemampuan penalaran matematis mahasiswa berdasarkan variasi gender dan self-efficacy matematis
Authors: Bahri Samsul , Santosa Farah Heniati , Kurniawati Kiki Riska Ayu , Negara Habibi Ratu Perwira
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in mathematical reasoning ability (KPM) based on gender variation (VG) and mathematical self-efficacy (SEM). Quantitative research was chosen to answer the research question. The research design used comparative causality on 75 students at a State University in Mataram City. Data collection was based on gender variance in the selected sample (51 women and 24 men, KPM test scores consisting of 5 items, and a 20-point SEM questionnaire, which were further categorized into 3 levels (low, medium and high). Analysis The data used two-way ANOVA with a 3 x 2 factorial design. The post-anava follow-up test used the turkey test. The results showed that male KPM was better than female KPM. Based on SEM category, student KPM at high SEM was better than student KPM at low SEM This finding emphasizes the importance of instructors being able to observe the characteristics of self-efficacy and gender variations that have an impact on the mathematics learning process.
Pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran matematika dengan pendekatan CTL materi segi empat kelas VII MTs Negeri 3 Siak
Authors: Ilmiyah Azni Maziyatul , Sthephani Aulia , Ariawan Rezi , Dahlia Agus , Sari Riska Novia
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research to describe the level validity of mathematics lesson plan by using the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Approach on Quadrangle Substance at Grade VII MTs Negeri 3 Siak which was valid test. The development model in this research used an R&D model with six stages were the researcher have modified depends on the needs and conditions with current situation now it’s covid-19 pandemic. These six stages arepotential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision and final product. The data collection technique used in this research was the validation of lesson plan, the kind of data collection instrument was the form of a validation sheet. While the data analysis technique used in the form of descriptive analysis by describing the validity of the lesson plan which was developed by the researcher. The results of this research, the RPP validation were 85.86% with very valid criteria. While the results of LKPD validation were 89.81% with very valid criteria. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the development of mathematics lesson plan with a Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach on quadrangle substance at grade VII MTs Negeri 3 Siak has been suitable for the validity.
"P Value" or "Number Needed to Treat": Which One Is Better for Evaluating Clinical Treatments’ Benefits?
Authors: Hamedi-Shahraki Soudabeh , Amirkhizi Farshad
Published: January 2022

Statistical significance does not necessarily mean clinical significance. A P value less than 0.05 does not guarantee the clinical effectiveness of a treatment. To assess the clinical valuable of a treatment, the effect size must be calculated. The number needed to treat (NNT) is an example of an effect size measure that can be very helpful in determining the clinical significance of a treatment. Therefore, it is recommended for all researchers and physicians to look beyond the P value and calculate the NNT for assessing the clinical significance of therapeutic measures and agents.
Educational Transition Amid COVID-19 Outbreak in Africa: Challenges and Opportunities for Medical Education
Authors: Oyeniran Oluwatosin Imoleayo , Ajagbe Abayomi Oyeyemi , Onigbinde Oluwanisola Akanji , Chia Terkuma , Yinka Akintunde Tosin
Published: January 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in numerous alterations in today’s world. These include the temporary closure of educational institutions as part of recommended measures by the World Health Organization (WHO) to mitigate its spread, thus causing over one million students to stay at home globally. Generally, education has witnessed a transition from traditional face-to-face learning to virtual and online learning. This unexpected shift has presented a series of challenges especially within the African region where before now the educational sector is known to be deficient in funding and infrastructure. The cardinal position of medical education in providing healthcare workers can be enhanced and advanced by subduing these challenges and maximizing the available opportunities for its immediate and future needs. The aim of this paper is to highlight the steps Africa needs to take to improve medical education and invent methods for quality teaching and learning in medical education.
Real Earnings Management, Firm Performance, and Corporate Governance Mechanism
Authors: Osesoga Maria Stefani , Suryaningsih Rosita , Simon Febryanti
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of real earnings management on firm performance and the impact of corporate governance as an intervening variable in the relationship between real earnings management and firm performance. The object are companies include in Corporate Governance Perception Index during 2015-2019 and listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and analyzed by using path analysis method.

Real earnings management has a significant effect on the firm performance. Furthermore, with corporate governance mechanism within the company, real earnings management significantly affect firm performance. This research is meaningful, but has limitations. The result cannot be generalizing because the sample only companies that listed in CGPI and IDX period 2015-2019. The research implication are as follows: top level management should be cautious about credit policy, cash flow from operation, discretionary expenditures, and production.

Earnings management is one of variable that the most prevalent in recent studies but the proxy for earnings management in the recent studies used discretionary accrual. In this research, real earnings management is used to indicate earnings management which measured by abnormal cash flow from operation. Thus, it may provide some contribution to the literature.
The Determinants of Income Smoothing: Study of Indonesian Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Tiana Sherly , Harjanto Karina
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of profitability, financial, dividend payout ratio and firm size towards income smoothing. The dependent variable of this research is income smoothing measured by Eckel Index. The independent variables of this research are profitability measured by Net Profit Margin (NPM), financial leverage measured by Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR), Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), and firm size measured by natural logarithm assets. The samples were determined based on purposive sampling method. The sample of this research are 11 manufacture companies that listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2016-2018. Secondary data used in this research was analyzed by using logistic regression method. The result of this research are (1) profitability (NPM) has no positive effect towards income smoothing, (2) financial leverage (DAR)  has no positive effect towards income smoothing, (3) Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) has no positive effect towards income smoothing, (4) firm size  has significant negative effect towards income smoothing, (5) profitability, financial leverage, Dividend Payout Ratio, and firm size has significant effect towards income smoothing.
Staynomic: The Near One, The Easy one, The Small One
Authors: Trisoko Riyono Gede , Martina Elti , Febrina Sri
Published: January 2022

Currently, the pandemic is still an unavoidable part or close to us. Everything is related to service businesses, especially tourism, will have an impact. Therefore, this is critical to address it as information and an effort to provide solutions for the development of tourism service businesses significantly affected by the spread of this virus. Services in the developed theories like the Soul of service say [1] it represents a creation of taste from an activity. In the Soul of service, the taste is rooted in the sense of security and comfort. It requires much consideration in the development of the affected tourism business. Through this paper, the author tries to provide solutions for the development of tourism service businesses by observing the socio-economic situation and subsequently employing an analogy and developing it into several existing social theories. Hence, it enhances a tourism development concept during this pandemic.
THE IMPACT OF DIVIDEND POLICY, FINANCIAL DISTRESS RISK AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TOWARD STOCK PRICE
Authors: Wiyogo Ivan , Satria Frinan
Published: January 2022

Stock investment is emerging in this era. The market on stock investment will be predicted to grow every year. Stock price is defined by offer and bid price. With this term use in Indonesia Stock Exchange, it makes people hard to guess on what will be the opening price tomorrow as asking price and bidding price need to reach an agreement. This research will investigate the impact of Dividend Policy, Financial Distress Risk, and Corporate Governance as the independent variables toward Stock Price. This research is conducted by using quantitative research method using secondary data that were taken from the LQ45 companies which are listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange with the population of 61 companies. The samples are obtained using purposive sampling method. The total sample is 42 companies from the year 2017-2019. The data analysis is using multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of research and analysis by using SPSS 25 indicate that: Dividend per share (dividend policy) and corporate governance have significant impact toward stock price while dividend payout ratio (dividend policy) and distress risk does not have significant impact toward stock price. It is concluded that the impact of dividend policy, financial distress risk and corporate governance is only 29.2% as the rest is impacted by other variables.