bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I Am Proud of My Father Ilsoo Joseph; Because He is Very Sympathetic and Simple! (Tcheonzamun 193rd-208th)
Authors: Kim Sangdeog Augustin
Published: May 2022

The French missionary, Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that there was same book for the children education for the Chinese character education both in ancient China and in ancient Korea, and he expressed it Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay). The author studied the translation of Tcheonzamun poem through the meaning of Chinese character and through Korean pronunciation of Chinese character. And one of the goal of this study is to know the history of ancient Korea. This translation, it is the poem from 193rd to 208th letters of Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay). Here, the method was taken through the meaning of Chinese character on the translation. 193-196 墨(Mug) 悲(Bi) 絲(Sa) 染(Yeom) “In order to do the thing (絲) well done (染), we might do the sacrifice, for example, the grief or the sorrow (悲). And then, we can obtain the thing (墨) which we want.” This is my attitude as the father of my children in my family. 197-200詩 (Si) 讚(Tchan) 羔(Go) 羊(Yang) Differently, the next is the attitude of my wife Hyeonhi for the children education. And she often said to me as follows. "No, it is so! To do command to children is not good! In order to grow (羊) the children (羔), we might give them praise or speak good of them (讚) as we sing a song (詩).” 201-204 景(Kyeong) 行(Haeng) 維(Yu) 賢(Hyeon). “In order for other people (行) and myself also to keep continuously good and bright and in delight (景), I must have (維).the virtue (賢).” This expressed the method of children education which was recommended by the author of Tcheonzamun. 205-208 克(Keug) 念(Nyeom) 作(Zag) 聖(Seong) This is not attitude of me but of Hyeonhi. And it is the supposition of the author of Tcheonzamun. “It is not so difficult! In order to overcome (克) the false thought (念), you have the simple method (作); Let’s live in good manner for our lives (聖)!”
Contribution of Agriculture to the Development of the Nigerian Economy
Authors: Korgbeelo Dr. Clement
Published: May 2022

Inspite of the fact that the agricultural sector has the potential to contribute significantly to the development of the Nigerian economy, the performance of the economy over the years has not been satisfactory. This study therefore examined the contribution of the agricultural sector to economic development in Nigeria. Specifically, the study investigated the impact of crop production, livestock, fishery and forestry outputs on economic development proxied by per capita income which is measured in terms of per capita real gross domestic product in Nigeria. The analytical techniques applied include Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach, error correction model (ECM) and Granger causality test. Annual time-series data from 1981 to 2020 were used for the study. The findings indicated that crop production and forestry outputs make strong contribution to the development of the Nigerian economy while the outputs of livestock and fishery make insignificant contribution to economic development of Nigeria. The Granger causality test indicated bidirectional causality between crop production output and economic development and a unidirectional causality from livestock output to economic development. To improve the contribution of agriculture to the development of the economy, it is recommended, among other things, that the government should increase its budgetary allocation to the agricultural sector while providing subsidized agricultural inputs to farmers.
Effect of Laser Irradiation on the Apical Root Canal Sealing
Authors: Dogandzhiyska Violeta , Karova Emilia
Published: May 2022

Cleaning and shaping of the root canal system are essential for the successful outcome of endodontic treatment. In addition to the routinely used irrigating solutions, other technologies have been investigated for the treatment of root canal dentine, such as different types of laser systems. Purpose: The aim of our in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of different types of laser irradiation (Er:YAG , Nd:YAG, diode laser and photodynamic therapy) on the intracanal dentin and their interference in the apical seal of filled root canals. Methodology: 72 human single rooted teeth were randomly assigned into 6 groups. Root canal preparation was done using ProTaper Universal rotary system up to F3. The laser irradiation was performed at the end of the traditional endodontic preparation as a final means of decontaminating the endodontic system. Teeth were filled with a core-carrier system Guttacore (Dentsply, Sirona) and sealer AH- plus. Results: Statistical analysis showed that all groups had significantly less leakage in apical third than the control group. The laser-treated groups presented better results than Group II (Classical disinfection protocol), without statistically significant difference. The morphological changes on the apical intraradicular dentin surface caused by Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser irradiation resulted at least linear dye apical leakage. Conclusions: Laser irradiation may improve the apical seal of the root canal. Different type of laser systems with appropriate parameters are recommended to be used as an adjunct to the current chemical root canal disinfection protocols.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Osteoporosis among Adult Patients in Bashair Hospital, Sudan, 2021
Authors: Abdo Husam Abdulaziz Abdullah , Idris Shadia Mohamed
Published: May 2022

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder distinguished by micro architectural deterioration and rapid bone loss at the osseous tissue, increasing the risk for bone fracture especially at the hip, wrist, and spine. Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) is a quantitative method that provides access to quantitative and qualitative information. The study aimed to assess the level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding Osteoporosis among adult patients in Bashair University Hospital 202l. Methodology: This was descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted in Bashair Hospital 2021. 200 participants were chosen. Data were collected using designed interview questionnaire. Statistical package for social sciences version 26 used for analysis. Results: (53.5%) of participants were females. (33.0%) of participants their level of educational is basic school. (45.2%) of the participants had poor knowledge, (40%) of the participants had poor attitude, and (54%) of the participants had moderate practice about Osteoporosis among adult patients. There was a significant relation between age groups and level of educational regarding Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (p≤ .001). There was a significant relation between Knowledge and Attitude (P<.001) and Knowledge and Practice (P<.001). Conclusion: The study concluded that adult patients had poor knowledge, attitude and moderate practice regarding Osteoporosis. Factors such as age, level of educational and gender were significantly influence the level of knowledge, attitude and practice. Recommendation: Upraise the level of awareness; establish screening programs for community population especially in low socioeconomic areas, regular investigations and at least once for bone scanning regarding Osteoporosis.
The Role of Political Parties in Communication at the Central and Regional Levels
Authors: Syam Radian
Published: May 2022

Parties politics are one of the most important components of a country's political system. This article aims to generate the birth of political power through the political process in empowered institution state and through political communication from the middle to the grassroots. The research method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. The data types used in this research are qualitative data, which are divided into primary data and secondary data. Data sources obtained through library research techniques (library research) are related to resources available online and offline, such as: Scientific journals, books, and news from reliable sources. The findings of this study conclude that the role of political forces in the political system is crucial in the process of legislation and communication through which the party's vision and mission are realized. Political institutions that formally have legislative power are staffed by those empowered to do so, or are reflected in the power structure of state institutions through formal political power, such as the President, the Council of People's Representatives, and other state institutions and political infrastructure. Political power, such as political parties, community leaders, community organizations, NGOs, professional associations, etc.
The Role of Financial Literature of SMEs in the Internationalization of Export Products
Authors: Mamduh Achmad , Mukhlis Imam , Murwani Danardana
Published: May 2022

This research is a literature study on financial literacy and the internationalization of SMEs. This study aims to discuss the role of SME financial literacy in the internationalization of export products. The research method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The type of data used in this research is qualitative data, which is categorized into two types, namely primary data and secondary data. Sources of data obtained through library research techniques (library study) which refers to sources available both online and offline such as: scientific journals, books and news sourced from trusted sources. The results of the study conclude that the role of SME financial literacy in the internationalization of export products is very important. Financial literacy is one of the important knowledge resources that increase the capacity, skills and expertise of individuals and companies to use technology effectively. Important aspects to consider in the internationalization of SMEs include entrepreneurship, finance and technology, SME resources, routines within the company, entrepreneurial knowledge and actions. All these aspects, especially financial literacy, are important to be considered by SMEs that will become Global SMEs and when assessing opportunities in foreign markets in export products.
Effect of Occupational Safety and Health, Work Environment and Compensation on Employee Performance
Authors: Pane Nuzullaila Sitorus , Kasmir Kasmir
Published: May 2022

Performance is the main indicator for the progress of a company, resulting in increased productivity in all parts of the system. Basically, performance is an individual thing because each individual will have a different level of performance in accordance with the values that apply to each individual. The more aspects of the job that match the individual's wishes, the higher the level of performance. This study aims to analyze the effect of occupational safety and health, work environment and compensation on employee performance. The subjects of this study were employees of PT SMG, with a population of 114 people. The data collection technique used a questionnaire instrument with a Likert scale measurement. The data were analyzed using the SmartPLS software version 3.3.7. The results of this study indicate that occupational safety and health, work environment and compensation have a significant effect on employee performance.
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Internationalization of SME’s: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hamdana Hamdana , Murwani Danardana , Mukhlis Imam
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this scoping review is to verify the evidence that is already available regarding the entrepreneurial orientation and internationalization of SMEs. Researchers used the model from Arskey and O'Malley to perform the scoping review method and the PRISMA flowchart to identify the literature found. Researchers found 13 relevant articles related to entrepreneurial orientation and the internationalization of SMEs. Risk-taking, inventiveness, and proactiveness are all important components of an entrepreneurial mindset, and they are all important contributors to effective internationalization. This shows that an entrepreneurial orientation is needed by SMEs to move towards internationalization.
Discussion Analysis of Abolishing Patent Rights for Covid-19 Vaccine
Authors: Pramudyawati Rima Diah
Published: May 2022

This study outlines the emergence of discourse in the discourse of the abolition of the Covid-19 vaccine patent which is currently developing in a number of countries. On the one hand, those who are pro against the discourse have a number of arguments that underlie this view, such as the urgency of the need for massive and rapid vaccine production and on the pretext of ensuring global health aspects. Then on the other hand, those who are against it think that the discourse on the abolition of the Covid-19 vaccine patent is not the right solution because it is feared that it will cause disappointment from pharmaceutical companies and related parties and because this is an aspect that is the responsibility of the state. and has been regulated in legal instruments in the field of intellectual property. Meanwhile, the theoretical perspective used refers to the discourse theory proposed by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. In addition, the research method referred to is a qualitative method using a literature study technique on related scientific sources.
ASSESSMENT OF BACTERIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL STATUS OF WELL WATERS IN EMENE ENUGU, NIGERIA
Authors: Mbachu Augustine , Ani Chisom , Mbachu Nancy
Published: May 2022

Well water is a source of drinking water for many rural as well as sub-urban dwellers but the pollution of this water by bacteriological and chemical contaminants is of public health concern. Hence this study was aimed at accessing the bacteriological quality and physicochemical parameters of well waters located in Emene-Enugu, Nigeria. Water samples were aseptically drawn from ten different wells in Emene-Enugu. Physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, turbidity and electrical conductivity were determined using standard methods. Total and fecal coliform counts were also determined using the membrane filtration method. The isolates were also identified using cultural and biochemical tests. Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the relationship between the parameters. Temperature of the well waters ranged from 31.5±0.11 to 33.7±0.11oC while the pH ranged from 6.20±0.01 to 7.40±0.01. Turbidity and conductivity also ranged from 25±0.05 to 150±0.06 NTU and 21±0.58 to 163±0.12µS/cm respectively. Total and fecal coliform counts ranged from 0 to 179±2.31 cfu/100ml and 0 to 58±0.58 cfu/100ml respectively. Bacteria identification revealed the presence of Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella enterica, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Citrobacter freundii, in the water samples. Turbidity was significantly correlated with temperature, pH and fecal coliform (p = 0.000; r = 0.693, p = 0.000; r = -0.679 and p = 0.000; r = -0.655) respectively. These isolates are potential human pathogens, thus the well waters used in this study are not fit for human consumption and should be properly treated and monitored before domestic use.
COMPARATIVE METAGENOMIC PROFILING OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN HUMAN-IMPACTED AND PRISTINE STREAM WATER IN OLUGBADE VILLAGE, ISEYIN, OYO STATE
Authors: Olowe Busayo , Raheem Olaniyi
Published: May 2022

Stream water, a major water source in rural communities, being impacted by human activities results to disturbance of the microbial ecosystem balance, pollution and impacts community health depending on such water. The study aimed to compare the metagenomic profiling of microbial communities in human-impacted and pristine stream water in Olugbade village, Oyo State, Nigeria. Human-impacted (sample A) and pristine (sample B) areas of the Stream were sampled following standard collection method. DNA extraction from the samples was performed using CTAB method and estimated through the Qubit ds DNA high sensitivity kit. Samples were sequenced on the Sequel system by PacBio (www.pacb.com). Raw subreads were processed through the SMRTlink (v9.0) Circular Consensus Sequences (CCS) algorithm to produce highly accurate reads (>QV40). These highly accurate reads were then processed through vsearch (https://github.com/torognes/vsearch) and taxonomic information was determined based on Qualitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIMME2) version 2018.6.0. Results showed that organisms identified were 100% bacteria where sample A had 8,198 reads and B had 9, 827 reads. The taxonomic distribution revealed 23 and 43 phyla, 52 and 109 classes, 91 and 170 orders, 108 and 212 families, 211 and 336 genus and 277 and 455 species for sample A and B respectively. The study revealed that there is a statistical difference between human-impacted and pristine samples (p-value < 0.05). Sample B had more bacterial community than sample A thereby, showing that many of the bacterial naturally occurring in sample A are extinct or displaced due to different anthropogenic activities occurring there.
Performance Analysis of Multi-Layered Clustering Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Kiran W. S.
Published: May 2022

Wireless Sensor Networks are the most efficient networks today, and they are used in many industrial, medical, and security applications. The major drawback of the sensor network is energy consumption due to the smaller size of the sensor node. To overcome the energy consumption, this paper proposes a new routing protocol called Multi-Layered Clustering Routing Protocol. This proposed routing protocol contributes to network’s long life and energy efficiency. During data transmission between the source and destination, the clustering approach is used in each layer. This assists in identifying the level of energy at each sensor node, which results in energy consumption reduction. Experimental results analyse the performance of the proposed routing protocol, that regulates the energy consumption and improves the network lifetime compared to the existing techniques.
МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ВАЛЮТНЫЙ ФОНД: ВЧЕРА, СЕГОДНЯ, ЗАВТРА
Authors: Арсаханова Зина Абдулловна , Муртазалиева Амина Хамзатовна
Published: May 2022

В данной статье приводятся информация об основах формирования Международного валютного фонда. Актуальность исследования обусловливается потребностью понятия о новых функциях, задачах и целях деятельности МВФ. В процессе исследования рассмотрены основные функции валютного фонда, доли расходов на основные виды деятельности и в области развития потенциала. Цель исследования заключается в рассмотрении новых принципов деятельности валютного фонда и перспектив развития глобальной валютной системы. Сквозь призму международной финансовой архитектуры рассматривается новая концепция совершенствования глобальной валютной системы. Информационной базой исследования стали официальные публикации в рамках офиса IMF, ресурсы сети Интернет.
БЮДЖЕТНЫЙ ФЕДЕРАЛИЗМ В РОССИИ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ
Authors: Бисултанова Аза Айндиевна , Садыгов Эльнур Магомедович
Published: May 2022

В статье автором рассматривает проблемы межбюджетных отношений в современной России. Автором поднимается вопрос увеличения дифференциации между регионами, снижения самостоятельности бюджетов различных уровней. Автором сделан вывод о том, что следует ввести комплексные и принципиальные изменения начиная с законотворческой системы для того, чтобы сгладить региональные диспропорции в нашей стране. По словам автора, необходимо искоренить иждивенческие настроения регионов-реципиентов всячески стимулируя их на наращивание собственной доходной базы.
АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР БЮДЖЕТА ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Межиева Хава Ахмедовна , Гайрабекова Медина Хасаиновна , Макшарипова Эльза Аслановна
Published: May 2022

Региональный бюджет – один из ключевых звеньев в структуре финансовой системы страны, по сути, выступает мультипликатором поступающих в бюджет денежно-финансовых потоков в силу того, что он неразрывно связан с процессами движения, распределения и перераспределения ВВП и НД.
Определение размера бюджета Чеченской Республики, его доходных источников, оптимальных пропорций расходования бюджетных средств выступает ключевым фактором обеспечения экономического роста региона, реализации его потенциала и возможностей.
В рамках данной статьи акцент сделан на анализе доходных источников бюджета Чеченской Республики. Определены налоговые статьи, на долю которых приходится преобладающая часть налоговых поступлений. Также была выявлена зависимость бюджета республики от безвозмездных поступлений из федерального бюджета.
УДАЛЕННАЯ РАБОТА В ПЕРИОД COVID-19
Authors: Мусостова Дещи Шамсудиновна , Мусостов Зелимхан Рамзанович , Газимагомаев Бувайсар Мовсарович
Published: May 2022

Первые раунды блокировки бизнеса, связанные с Covid, которые произошли в прошлом году, создали новые проблемы для корпоративных лидеров. Когда работа на дому быстро стала новой нормой для сотен миллионов людей во всем мире, это также изменило то, как их работодатели готовятся к кризисным ситуациям, реагируют на них и справляются с ними. В статье рассмотрены преимущества работы удаленно для работников и работодателей
ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ВЫБРОСОВ УГЛЕРОДА В РЕГИОНАХ МИРА: СПЛАЙН-АНАЛИЗ
Authors: Ильясов Руслан Хизраилевич , Плотников Владимир Александрович
Published: May 2022

В современном мире всё большую актуальность приобретают проблемы декарбонизации экономического развития. Декарбонизация экономики требует сложной перестройки глобальной энергетической системы. Известно, основным источником выбросов углерода является потребление в промышленном производстве углеводородных энергоресурсов – угля, нефти и газа. Следовательно, колебания углеродных выбросов могут коррелировать с тенденциям экономического роста. Яркий пример – снижение выбросов углерода в 2020 году более чем на 6%, вызванное распространением COVID-19. В работе для поиска системных факторов декарбонизации экономики исследуются тенденций выброса углерода в регионах мира в условиях экономических кризисов. Характерная динамике выбросов углерода малая волатильность требует её моделирования без ошибок аппроксимации. Это позволит сравнивать и небольшие колебания в динамике выброса углерода в регионах мира. В работе предложено моделировать динамику выбросов углерода интерполированием кубическими сплайнами. Как показал анализ, дифференцируемость построенных сплайн-моделей позволила исследовать более чувствительные к малым колебаниям динамики модели мгновенной скорости роста – первые производные моделей динамики углеродных выбросов.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ДЕНЕЖНО-КРЕДИТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ РОССИИ:
ВЫЗОВЫ И РЕШЕНИЯ
Authors: Цакаев Алхазур Харонович , Межиева Хава Аслановна
Published: May 2022

Формирование и совершенствование денежно-кредитной системы (ДКС) Российской Федерации происходило под влиянием ряда факторов, таких как территория, ресурсы, климат, обычаи и население, повлиявших непосредственным образом на характер и особенности ее исторического становления, которое оказало собственно решающее воздействие на социально-экономические особенности развития ДКС РФ сегодня. Проведена оценка показателей состояния и развития ДКС РФ в разрезе 1995-2021 гг. Проанализирована динамика изменения следующих показателей: индекс потребительских цен, индекс девальвации, коэффициент монетизации, норма процента (номинальная), норма процента (реальная). На основе проведенного анализа пришли к следующему выводу: ДКС сегодня не вполне состоятельна в вопросах обеспечения роста российской экономики и благосостояния россиян ввиду наличия определенных трудностей (проблем), тормозящих ее развитие. В рамках данной статьи акцент сделан на оценке и анализе состояния банковской системы РФ. Определен ряд проблем и выработаны предложения по их нивелированию.
РОЛЬ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ АУТСОРСИНГА В ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ МАЛЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ
Authors: Адаманова Зейнеб Османовна , Гафарова Севиля Серверовна
Published: May 2022

В статье изучена сущность аутсорсинга и его роль в деятельности малого предприятия. Исследованы преимущества и недостатки привлечения услуг аутсорсинга в малом бизнесе. Определены основные направления, где применяются услуги аутсорсинга в малом бизнесе.
OS BENEFÍCIOS DA PRÁTICA DE EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO E MODALIDADES ESPORTIVAS PARA AS PESSOAS COM ASMA
Authors: Carvalho Anderson dos Santos , Passos Ricardo Pablo , Abdalla Pedro Pugliesi , Martins Gustavo Celestino , Oliveira José Ricardo Lourenço de , Almeida Klebson da Silva , Pereira Adriano de Almeida , Carvalho Alexandre Freitas de , Martelli Anderson , Lima Bráulio Nascimento , Silio Luis Felipe , Rodrigues Marcelo Francisco , Maneschy Mariela de Santana , Guedes Uebister Igor Dos Santos , Fileni Carlos Henrique Prevital , Pádua Keylla dos Santos , Farias Aghata Cris Larrana de , Oliveira Suyane da Costa , Pinheiro Yasmin Mendes , Errero Adriana Pontes , Vilela Junior Guanis de Barros
Published: May 2022

As práticas de modalidades esportivas têm despertado o interesse de pessoas por melhorar tanto as condições físicas, como psíquicas e sociais. Além disso, algumas modalidades têm apresentado um benefício para aqueles que têm asma. A asma é uma doença identificada e caracterizada a um bom tempo, em síntese um de seus sintomas é a dificuldade de respirar. Objetivo: Identificar os exercícios físicos e as modalidades esportivas que trazem benefícios para a saúde das pessoas que têm diagnóstico da asma. Métodos: Esta pesquisa foi realizada por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas, através de uma revisão de literatura, tendo como base estudos em livros e artigos científicos, publicados entre o ano de 2005 a 2022, nas bases de dados eletrônicas Scielo e Google Acadêmico. Conclusão: O exercício físico traz benefícios para os sintomas e melhora da condição física das pessoas que mantiveram o controle do tratamento da doença (asma).
FEATURES OF COVID-19 PNEUMONIA DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Kapustynska Oksana S. , Samchuk Оleg O. , Kovalchuk Halyna , Vdovychenko Valeriy , Kapustynskyi Оleg O. , Sklyarov Yevgen , Yaremkevych Roksolana
Published: May 2022

The aim: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the clinical and laboratory features of COVID-19 pneumonia course, the diagnostic significance of laboratory methods for detecting the SARS-CoV-2 virus based on a retrospective analysis.
Materials and methods: We studied the case histories of 96 patients who were treated at the Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise “Lviv Clinical Emergency Care Hospital” for the period from 01/07/2020 to 31/07/2020 with a diagnosis of pneumonia, which corresponded to 5 points on the CO -RADS scale. We analyzed the clinical and laboratory signs of COVID-19 pneumonia depending on the results of the Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) tests to the SARS-CoV-2 infection (positive result of RT-qPCR was observed in the first group and negative – in the second group).
Results: In both groups, no clinical differences in the course of the disease were found. The most common symptoms of coronavirus pneumonia were found with the same frequency in both patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis and without it. A positive PCR test in nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs was more often detected during testing up to 10 days, in patients over 60 years of age and in severe COVID-19.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis should be based on a combination of clinical, laboratory, and radiological signs of this disease. A negative PCR test result does not exclude the diagnosis of coronavirus disease. The test results are influenced by the timing of the sampling, the severity of the disease and the age of the patients.
CORRELATION BETWEEN RS6265 SNP IN BDNF AND THE CONTEXT OF DIABETES TYPE II INVOLVEMENT IN IRAQI PATIENTS
Authors: Abbas Saly Naser , Obeid Hajer Alaa , Alwan Tahreer Shannan , Hassan Saif M. , Jawad Mahmood J. , Jawad Mohammed J. , Hadi Najah R.
Published: May 2022

The aim: In this study, we looked into the possible link between the G196A polymorphism in the BDNF gene and DM in Iraqi patients.
Materials and methods: By using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) approach, 100 subjects were genotyped for the G196A SNP of the BDNF gene, 50 as DM and 50 as controls, age-sex and ethnically matched healthy controls. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to assess the association of this polymorphism, and genotype frequencies were compared between patients and healthy controls.
Results: Our result show that patient with the AG (Val-Met) genotype had a 40%of total DM patients than those and GG (Val-Val) genotypes. Therefore, we concluded that as a future aspect of the report the work can be further extended on proteomic level wherein the corresponding change occurred due to the mutation in the protein can be further detected at structural and functional level.
Conclusions: conclusion of our result was any patient with covid-19 must need to follow up for at least 1 month after recovery to notified of the post-Covid symptoms especially the male gender
ROLE OF PRE-CESAREAN SECTION CEFOTAXIME IN AMELIORATED POST-CESAREAN COMPLICATION
Authors: Jawad Mahmood J. , Hassan Saif M. , Obaid Ahmed Kareem , Hadi Najah R.
Published: May 2022

The aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of cefotaxime before and after skin incision in avoiding post-operative infection complications in caesarean section women, also evaluation the efficacy of cefotaxime in reducing post-caesarean section complications.
Materials and methods: We conducted 150 women who undergoing caesarean section in the Obstetrics & Gynecological Department, Babylon government from January, 2021 to March, 2021. The caesarean operations were done by using standard protocols. Each patient was examined daily and post-operative infectious. Women were randomly divided into three groups; each group contains 50 women; Group 1: (control) given normal saline 12 hr. before and after skin incision. Group 2 (pre-operation antibiotic): given single dose of cefotaxime 1 g intravenously 12 hr. before skin incision, and Group 3 (post-operation antibiotic): given single dose of cefotaxime 1 g intravenously 12 hr after operation.
Results: The outcome measures were post-operative febrile morbidity, healing period and urinary tract infections, in addition to socioeconomic state of each woman.
Conclusions: cefotaxime pre-cesarean section could ameliorate post-operative problems such as infection of surgical wound, febrile, and urinary tract infections.
PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN THE HEART OF RATS WITH HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA
Authors: Raksha Nataliia , Maievskyi Oleksandr , Dzevulska Iryna , Kaminsky Rostyslav , Samborska Inga , Savchuk Olexiy , Kovalchuk Оleksandr
Published: May 2022

The aim: To investigate the distribution of proteolytic activity and cytokine profile in the heart of rats with hyperhomocysteinemia.
Materials and methods: A total of 60 albino non-linear male rats was used in the study. Hyperhomocysteinemia was induced by intragastric administration of DL-homocysteine thiolactone. Total proteolytic activity was measured using casein as a substrate. To determine the activity of metal-dependent and serine proteases, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride were used. The level of matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, and cytokines was studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: It was found an increase in the total proteolytic activity in the heart of young, adult, and old animals. In addition, the redistribution of proteolytic activity was revealed – the portion of metal-dependent enzymes increased in all groups while the percentage of serine proteases decreased in the old animals with hyperhomocysteinemia. The state of mild inflammation, evidenced by the increased level of some pro-inflammatory cytokines, was found in the heart of young and old animals with hyperhomocysteinemia.
Conclusions: The pathogenesis of hyperhomocysteinemia is accompanied by a change in the proteolytic activity in the heart as well as a change in the cytokine profile.
HISTORY OF BIOCHEMISTRY IN LVIV
Authors: Fartushok Tetiana V. , Fartushok Nadiia V. , Fedevych Yu. M. , Pyndus Vladyslav V.
Published: May 2022

The aim: The purpose of this literature review is to shed light on the development of biochemical knowledge in the Lviv region and on prominent figures in the development of biochemistry during the Second World War.
Materials and methods: Review of literature published before 2020. We searched the literature using the search terms ‘biochemists’, ‘ Lviv National Medical University’, ‘second World War’.
Conclusions: The development of biological research in Lviv can be divided into two historical stages: 1) from the beginning of the founding of Lviv University in 1661 to the First World War; 2) between the First and Second World Wars and after the Second World War. Biochemical research was initiated at the Medical Faculty of Lviv University. In 1939, the Lviv State Medical Institute was established on the basis of the Medical Faculty of the University, where a powerful department of biochemistry functioned, which was headed by a worldclass biochemist – Jakub Parnas.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF PAROXYSMAL STATES: LITERATURE REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF A CLINICAL CASE ON THE EXAMPLE OF CLOCCS-SYNDROME IN A YOUNG MAN
Authors: Voitiuk Anna A. , Litovchenko Tetyana A. , Borodai Olena N. , Rudkivska Nataliia A.
Published: May 2022

Diagnosis of paroxysmal conditions in neurology is one of the most difficult problems. Particular difficulties are caused by differential diagnosis of epileptic and non-epileptic paroxysmal states. There are no absolutely pathognomonic signs of epileptic and non-epileptic seizures. False positive diagnosis of epilepsy occurs in 2-71% of cases. Diagnosis of paroxysmal conditions requires an integrated approach to the problem and includes not only a clinical examination, but also a thorough history taking, neurophysiological, neuroimaging, laboratory research methods, involves the involvement of other specialists. The article presents a clinical case of 27-year-old young man who was initially misdiagnosed. Using the methods of functional and laboratory diagnostics, the patient was diagnosed correctly. Instead of idiopathic epilepsy, he was diagnosed with cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs-syndrome associated with an infectious process) with motor paroxysms of non-epileptic genesis. Thus, using the example of this clinical case, it has been shown that the differential diagnosis of epileptic and non-epileptic paroxysmal states presents significant difficulties for a practicing neurologist.
LATERAL MEDULLARY INFARCTION: A PROSPECTIVE HOSPITAL-BASED COHORT STUDY OF CLINICAL AND IMAGING FEATURES AND A CASE REPORT IN A WHITE ADULT
Authors: Prokopiv Maria M. , Rohoza Svitlana V. , Fartushna Olena Ye.
Published: May 2022

The aim: The purpose of this study is to determine clinical and imaging features of lateral medullary infarction in a prospective hospital-based cohort study, illustrated with a clinical case presentation in a white adult.
Materials and methods: We prospectively recruited 120 acute posterior circulation stroke patients, admitted to the Neurological Center of the University Hospital (Oleksandrivska Clinical Hospital) in Kyiv, Ukraine, within 6 to 24 hours from the onset of the stroke symptoms. Comprehensive neurological, clinical, laboratory, ultrasound, and imaging examination was performed on all patients.
Results: Out of 120 adult patients (68 men, 52 women aged 28 to 89 years; average age 60.7 ± 12.1 years) with an acute ischemic MRI/CT-proven posterior circulation stroke, 22 (18.3%) patients have acute medulla oblongata infarctions.We provided a complex clinical, neurological, laboratory, and instrumental analysis of lateral medullary infarction illustrated with a clinical case presentation.
Conclusions: Specific clinical and imaging features of lateral medullary infarction were determined, analyzed, compared, and described.
ADAPTIVE CAPABILITIES OF MIDDLE SCHOOL-AGED GIRLS DEPENDING ON THE RATIO OF ADIPOSE AND MUSCLE TISSUE
Authors: Petrik Ksenija Y. , Kritschfalushii Oksana P.
Published: May 2022

The aim: This study aimed to determine the dependence of adaptive capacities of middle school-aged girls with excessive body weight and increased volume of adipose tissue on the ratio of adipose and muscle tissue volume.
Materials and methods: 52 female subjects aged 10-12 years were examined and divided into 3 groups according to their BMI. Cardiorhythmogram was recorded in all subjects using the “CardioLab” hardware-software complex. The indices of heart rhythm variability (HRV) were determined at rest and after an active orthostatic test based on the recorded cardiothythmogram. Body weight and total fat tissue amount were determined using the Tanita BC-601 device.
Results: The analysis of HRV indices revealed features of autonomic rhythm regulation depending on morphological body features of the middle school-aged girls, namely, on the amount of fat and muscle tissue. Obese subjects had higher values of VLF %, LF % and LF/HF indices, which indicate a higher sympathetic influence on cardiovascular system activity and less significant parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), as well as the PARS index. This trend of HRV indices points to an unsatisfactory level of adaptation, tension of the regulatory systems and the possibility of their failure. In contrast, subjects with normal and excessive body weight had higher values of HF ms2, HF % and TR ms2, and lower values of VLF %, LF/HF and PARS, which points to the dominance of the parasympathetic part of the ANS, lower level of tension in their regulatory systems, a satisfactory level of adaptation, satisfactory functional reserves of the cardiovascular system and high capabilities of the body.
Conclusions: Obese girls exhibited disturbances in the ANS functional state towards sympathicotony and increased functional activity of suprasegmental ANS divisions, which can be interpreted as an autonomic dysfunction.
SURGICAL TECHNIQUE IN LEIOMYOSARCOMA OF THE INFERIOR VENA CAVA DEPENDING ON ITS LOCATION
Authors: Rusin Vasil I. , Boiko Serhii O. , Horlenko Fedir V. , Rusin Vasil V. , Boiko Serhii Shandor S. , Syma Oleksandr V.
Published: May 2022

The aim: To improve the outcomes of inferior vena cava (IVC) leiomyosarcoma, propose own classification of IVC segments, which correlates with surgical access, methodology, sequence and amount of surgery.
Materials and methods: In the period from 1991 to 2021 in the Transcarpathian Regional Clinical Hospital named after A. Novak and in the Transcarpathian Antitumor Center 8 patients with IVC leiomyosarcoma were operated. The prevalence of leiomyosarcoma in IVC was determined according to the division of IVC into 7 segments. Defeat of one segment of IVC was in 50% of cases, two - in 37.5%, three - in 12.5%. In 5 (62.5%) cases circular resection and alloprosthesis of IVC were performed; in 2 (25%) – circular resection, alloprosthesis of IVC and implantation of the right and left renal veins in the prosthesis; in 1 (12.5%) - circular resection, alloprosthesis of IVC and implantation of the left renal vein in the prosthesis. All surgeries were performed with laparotomy access (87.5% by Chevron type).
Results: The average operation time was 215 (160-320) minutes, the average blood loss was 305 (250-500) ml. Postoperative complications were recorded in 2 (25%) cases. There were no cases of pulmonary embolism, venous thrombosis, prosthesis thrombosis, perioperative mortality. In 7 (87.5%) cases, surgery was radical. The overall 1-year, 2-year and 3-year survival rates were 87.5%, 71.4% and 57.7%.
Conclusions: The division of IVC into 7 segments characterizes the detailed definition of the cranial limit of leiomyosarcoma and segmental involvement of IVC in the tumor process, which allows to choose the right surgical tactics, perform radical resection of IVC and maintain laminar blood flow to IVC and its tributaries.
CHANGES IN SERUM GHRELIN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH OF BODY MASS INDEX IN PATIENTS WITH GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE AND SPONDYLOARTHRITIS
Authors: Sirchak Yelyzaveta S. , Tsioka Stanislav A. , Chobej Andrij S. , Bedey Nelli V. , Borisova Inna S.
Published: May 2022

The aim: To determine the features of changes in serum ghrelin levels and its relationship with the body mass index in patients with GERD and spondyloarthritis (SpA) with lesions of the cervical and thoracic spine.
Materials and methods: The examined patients included 80 patients with SpA with cervical and thoracic spine lesions in combination with GERD. The examined patients with SpA with predominant cervical and thoracic spine lesions were divided into two groups depending on the clinical course of GERD, namely: group I included 33 (41.2%) patients with typical esophageal manifestations of GERD (13 males (39.4%), 20 females (60.6%)), and group II consisted of 47 (58.8%) patients with atypical extraesophageal manifestations of GERD (among them were 17 (36.2%) males and 30 (63.2%) females).
Results: All patients were tested for serum ghrelin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Analysis of clinical manifestations of atypical GERD (group II patients) revealed that most often patients with SpA of the cervical and thoracic spine were diagnosed with dental and otolaryngological masks of reflux disease (40.4 % and 25.5 % of patients, respectively). Maximum serum ghrelin levels were detected in patients with SpA with cardiac GERD (355.02 ± 4.75 ng/ml), while minimum values were found in patients with dental signs of reflux disease (298.17 ± 5.16 ng/ml – p <0.05).
Conclusions: 1. In patients with SpA with cervical and thoracic spine lesions, GERD often has atypical symptoms (mostly dental and otolaryngological forms in 40.4% and 25.5% of patients). 2. In patients with SpA with esophageal clinical signs of GERD, normal weight or underweight is more common, while in patients with extraesophageal forms of GERD overweight or obesity of varying severity prevails. 3. In patients with SpA and GERD, an increase in serum ghrelin levels was found in patients with cardiac manifestations of reflux disease (355.02 ± 4.75 ng/ml). 4. The relationship between BMI changes in patients with SpA and GERD and increased serum ghrelin levels was found, namely: in group II patients with overweight and obesity a direct correlation was found, and in group I patients with underweight an inverse correlation was fund.
Heavy industry in Czechoslovak environment
Authors: Střída Miroslav , Koreň Pavol
Published: May 2022

The application of geographical research to the regional planning problems can be very useful for national economy. One of the results of cooperation between Institute of Geography of Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and Regional Planning Department of Federal Ministry of Metallurgy and Heavy Engineering is the Collection of maps [in the 1:1 mil. scale) dealing with Regional structure of Czechoslovak economy, Water resources, Environmental factors, Manpower development to 2000, Railway output and Location of metallurgy and heavy engineering industry. Some new progressive cartographical methods have been developed.
Grouping of agricultural works in Middle Moravia
Authors: Pytlíček Mojmír
Published: May 2022

The author summerizes the results of his research of territorial relationships of agricultural production in Middle Moravia (Czech Socialist Republic). He informs on analytico-synthetic procedures of the research and in his conclusions he qualifies the subregions and groups them in four types: 1. agrarian, 2. agrarian-food-staffian, 3. agrarian-food staffian and services with higher share of workers in agriculture, 4. agrarian-foodstaffian and services with lower share of workers in agriculture. The report contributes to the problems of grouping of agricultural works (agrocomplexes) in studied region.
Territorial growth of Czechoslovak cities
Authors: Korčák Jaromír
Published: May 2022

On the basis of census, of the summing of houses and flats in the ČSSR in 1980 and on the basis of other statistical official data the author compares the arear of larger towns (with 25 000 inhabitants and more) in 1930 and in 1980. The results are visible in tables 1-5. The accreages of cities are growing also by administrative annexing of small communities to the towns.
PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION AND COMPONENT MODELS OF APPLICATION OF THE AUTONOMOUS RESEARCH AND IMPACT COMPLEX OF ROCKET TROOPS AND ARTILLERY
Authors: Naumenko Igor , Mokrotsky Muhaylo , Shostak Roman , Korostelev Vitaliy , Nikul Stanislav
Published: May 2022

Based on the results of scientific research, the authors consider the structural and functional description of the reconnaissance and strike complex and identify the basic principles and components of its application in the interests of forming operational and tactical requirements for products that should be equipped with promising weapons and military equipment. The use of such complex elements of grouping troops as a reconnaissance and strike complex can be described by various models depending on the tasks of modeling and is conditioned by the requirement of the principle of target specification of models, including to justify operational and tactical requirements.
The purpose of the article is to determine the basic principles of construction and components of the model of application of the reconnaissance and strike complex. Modeling of the use of an autonomous reconnaissance and strike complex is proposed to take into account the characteristic functioning of the actions of its components, which makes it possible to take into account the conditions of the military operation (actions).
To take into account the complexity and diversity of processes of application of promising autonomous reconnaissance and strike systems, it is proposed to use system modeling, the essence of which is to create a model of combat operations of opposing parties on the basis of simpler partial models. According to the method of system modeling, the model of application of an autonomous reconnaissance and strike complex can be created by sequential construction of a hierarchical structure of modules, partial action models, functioning and their mutual coordination by purpose, place, time, forces, means, etc.
In this regard, the development of the model involves: the formation of variable modules of the conditions of use with their subsequent composition with the development of the target environment, certain restrictions on other conditions of use; development of standard blocks of calculations (mathematical component of the model of application of reconnaissance and strike complex); application of methods of formal logic, queuing system, probability theory, parameter analysis, etc .; use of parametric relations to describe the studied processes.
Keywords: application model, reconnaissance and strike complex, operational and tactical requirements, missile troops and artillery.