bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceptualizing Transnational Community Formation: Migrants, Sojourners and Diasporas in a Globalized Era
Authors: Knight W. Andy
Published: July 2017

Transnational communities have flourished in the globalized era, creating a Diaspora and sojourners that are unlike earlier waves of migrants. This paper first examines the main theories currently used to describe and explain international migration and find them wanting. Through an examination of two case studies of ethnic Japanese migrants (the Brazilian Nikkeijin and Peruvian Nikkei) who return to their homeland after living abroad for one or two generations, the paper goes on to demonstrate that the concept of international migrant’ needs further theorizing to account for the impact of globalization and globalism. To this end, the author calls for the development of new theoretical understandings of the evolution of transnational community formation that would be multi-variate and robust enough to guide future public policy and research.
Trends and characteristics affecting disability among older Canadians living in private households
Authors: Lefrançois Guillaume , Vézina Samuel , Keefe Janice , Légaré Jacques
Published: July 2017

As the first of the Boomers reach age 65 in 2011, it is of great interest to identify trends in disability to better predict future needs and resources within community care. This paper uses data from four national datasets to investigate trends in disability rates and examine socio-demographic characteristics associated with disability. Results show a decrease in the overall disability prevalence rate. However, no significant trend in levels of disability was identified for the period 1994/95–2000/01 when controlling for socio-demographic variables, suggesting stability in the probability of being disabled over time.
Measuring race and ethnicity in the censuses of Australia, Canada, and the United States: Parallels and paradoxes
Authors: Stevens Gillian , Ishizawa Hiromi , Grbic Douglas
Published: July 2017

Most national censuses include questions about race, colour, national origins, ethnicity, ancestry, and tribe in an effort to describe subgroups within their population. In this paper, we focus on changes over the last half-century in the racial and ethnic classification schemes of the censuses in three countries that share important historical and demographic features Australia, Canada, and the United States. We show that there are similarities, as well as some idiosyncratic features, in how these three nations define and describe racial and ethnic subgroups. We then argue that the gathering of data on the racial/ethnic subgroups in these three nations has followed a similar progression over the last half-century because of shifts in the understanding of race and ethnicity, data-gathering procedures, and the ongoing dialogue between each national population and its data-gathering institution.
The National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth - Overview and Changes After Three Cycles
Authors: Michaud Sylvie
Published: July 2017

The National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth is a long-term study to
monitor child development and well being of Canada’s children as they grow
from infancy to adulthood. To do so, a representative sample of Canadian
children aged between 0-11 years old was selected and interviewed in 1994-
1995. Interviews are conducted every two years and the current plans are to
follow that cohort of children until they reach the age of 25. The survey has now gone through three collection cycles and already a number of changes have been observed. The paper will give an overview of the objectives of the survey, the survey design, the collection methodology, the survey content and the products and research that has already been done on the survey. The last section will present the future direction of the survey.
The long goodbye: Age, demographics, and flexibility in retirement
Authors: Foot David K. , Venne Rosemary A.
Published: July 2017

The current literature on retirement decisions has given inadequate attention to the impacts of increasing life expectancy. This paper examines workforce aging and retirement within a framework that not only includes age, but also integrates increasing life expectancy into the discussion. Employee preference surveys regarding choice in retirement are supported by the demographic and by work-time compression arguments for retirement flexibility. We outlinearguments why partial-retirement policies would be a practical and timely transition strategy for organizations and societies in a world of increasing life expectancies and aging workforces,especially when facing the imminent retirement of the large post-war baby-boom generation.
Handbook of Research on Gender and Economic Life
Authors: Marsden Lorna
Published: July 2017

Book Review
Obesity and its relation to employment income: Does the bias in self-reported BMI matter?
Authors: Perks Thomas Alexander
Published: July 2017

This study explores what difference, if any, the bias in self-reported body mass index (BMI) has on our understanding of the relationship between body size and income attainment. To accomplish this, aggregated data from Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 of the Canada Health Measures Survey, in which information on both self-reported and measured BMI was collected, are used. Based on subsamples of female and male employees, OLS regression analyses contrasting the effect of self-reported and measured BMI on income show that for women, self-reported BMI leads to underestimates of a negative body size effect, whereas for men, self-reported BMI leads to overestimates of a positive body size effect. Additional analyses examining the appropriateness of correction factors to improve the accuracy of self-reported BMI effect estimates suggest correction factors do little to reduce these systematic errors.
The provision of unpaid care across cohorts and genders: A research note
Authors: Proulx Christine
Published: July 2017

In this study, the caregiving history collected in the 2007 General Social Survey (GSS) is used to document the provision of care since the age of 15 years, the number of people helped, and the relationship with the care recipients. Using life tables, we confirm an upward trend in caregiving across birth cohorts. Unexpectedly, the findings also show that providing care starts at earlier ages in more recent cohorts—a result that appears partly linked to the emergence of new care relationships—and that the gender gap in the provision of care has widened over time.Dans le cadre de cette étude, nous examinons les soins fournis depuis l’âge de 15 ans, le nombre de personnes aidées et la nature des liens avec ces personnes en nous basant sur l’historique des soins prodigués recueilli dans l’Enquête sociale générale (ESG) de 2007. À l’aide de tables d’extinction simple, nous confirmons l’augmentation de la prestation de soins au fil des cohortes de naissance. Par ailleurs, les soins commencent de plus en plus tôt, notamment grâce à l’apparition de nouveaux types de relations d’aide, et l’écart dans la prestation de soins se creuse entre les hommes et les femmes.
Using Event-history Analysis: Lessons from Fifteen Years of Practice
Authors: Le Bourdais Céline , Renaud Jean
Published: July 2017

Innovative statistical methods and new longitudinal surveys paved the way to
the widespread use of event-history analysis in social science during the last two decades. This paper does not attempt to provide a comprehensive review of these innovative methods. More modestly, it aims at identifying and describing the problems encountered by two privileged users. Two types of problems are discussed here. The first arises from the design of the surveys, or the way data are collected, and the difficulty to test specific hypotheses with the existing databases; this is the kind of problem that Le Bourdais has faced in analysing family dynamics. The second has to do with the limitations of the survival regression models when the longitudinal phenomena studied can no longer properly be thought of as a small number of unique events; this is the type of problem encountered by Renaud in his ten-year Quebec panel survey of new immigrants.
Are parental leaves considered as work interruptions by survey respondents? A methodological note
Authors: Chan Chaowen , Hamplová Dana , Le Bourdais Céline
Published: July 2017

Parental leaves and family-related work interruptions are linked to a variety of issues, such as children’s well-being or women’s work trajectories. Yet, the measurement of periods of absence from the labour market might be imprecise, especially in retrospective surveys. To evaluate the quality of the collected information, we examine whether women who reported taking a parental leave longer than six months also mentioned a corresponding work interruption, using the 2008 Living in Canada Survey (LCS) – Pilot. Our analysis shows that nearly half of women failed to do so. We investigate the sources of the discrepancy and suggest possible avenues of change for future surveys.
The Fundamentals of Longitudinal Research: An Overview
Authors: Rajulton Fernando
Published: July 2017

This paper outlines briefly the historical development of ideas related to
longitudinal studies and their advantages over cross-sectional studies. Then it points out a few complicating factors that arise with the analysis of longitudinal data and highlights some of the approaches adopted to manage those complicating factors and illustrated in the papers included in this Special Issue. The overall aim is to promote a better understanding of the information that longitudinal data provide and of the suitable techniques needed to analyze such data.
Handbook of Palaeodemography
Authors: Fracchia Helena
Published: July 2017

Book Review
Macroevolutionary analysis of the tempo of diversification in snappers and fusiliers (Percomorpha: Lutjanidae)
Authors: Frédérich Bruno , Santini Francesco
Published: July 2017

The percomorph fish family Lutjanidae (snappers and fusiliers) includes about 135 reef-dwelling species, mainly confined to tropical and subtropical marine waters. The great majority of snappers are active predators feeding on fishes or crustaceans, even though some species, including the fusiliers (Caesioninae), have evolved zooplanktivory. Lutjanids show a great diversity of habitat preferences, based on depth segregation and distribution across reef and associated habitats (e.g., mangroves, seagrass beds, estuaries). In spite of their great ecological and economic importance little is known about the tempo of evolution in this group. The present study provides the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny to date for lutjanids, including 70% of extant species and 19 of the 21 currently described genera. We time-calibrated our molecular tree using the oldest described lutjanid fossils, and show how this group most likely originated during the Late Cretaceous or Early Paleocene. Lutjanids experienced a significant radiation during the Late Eocene and Early Oligocene, in contrast to a pattern of Late Oligocene/Miocene radiation observed in many other reef-associated groups. The time-tree allows us to investigate the tempo of diversification, and our results suggest a variation in the rate of speciation during the evolution of the major clade formed by “lutjanins and caesionins”. Variation in diet and life history strategies could explain this clade-specific dynamic, although future phylogenetic comparative studies combining additional ecological and morphological data are needed to test this hypothesis.
The knowledge graph as the default data model for learning on heterogeneous knowledge
Authors: Wilcke Xander , Bloem Peter , de Boer Victor
Published: July 2017

In modern machine learning, raw data is the preferred input for our models. Where a decade ago data scientists were still engineering features, manually picking out the details we thought salient, they now prefer the data in their raw form. As long as we can assume that all relevant and irrelevant information is present in the input data, we can design deep models that build up intermediate representations to sift out relevant features. However, these models are often domain specific and tailored to the task at hand, and therefore unsuited for learning on heterogeneous knowledge: information of different types and from different domains. If we can develop methods that operate on this form of knowledge, we can dispense with a great deal more ad-hoc feature engineering and train deep models end-to-end in many more domains. To accomplish this, we first need a data model capable of expressing heterogeneous knowledge naturally in various domains, in as usable a form as possible, and satisfying as many use cases as possible. In this position paper, we argue that the knowledge graph is a suitable candidate for this data model. We further describe current research and discuss some of the promises and challenges of this approach.
Excitons and trions in two-dimensional semiconductors based on transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Durnev M V , Glazov M M
Published: July 2017

Theoretical and experimental results on excitonic effects in monomolecular layers of transition metal dichalcogenides are reviewed. These two-dimensional semiconductors exhibit a direct bandgap of about 2 eV at the Brillouin zone edges, and the binding energies of their neutral and charged excitons are in the range of hundreds and tens of millielectron-volts, respectively. This implies that electron–hole complexes determine the optical properties of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. Topics discussed in this review include the band structure details needed to understand the excitonic effects in these materials, the structure and fine structure of exciton and trion energy levels, the features of the spin and valley dynamics of Coulomb complexes, and how neutral and charged excitons manifest themselves in linear and nonlinear optical effects.
Cosmological Time, Entropy and Infinity
Authors: Hauret Clémentine , Magain Pierre , Biernaux Judith
Published: July 2017

Time is a parameter playing a central role in our most fundamental modelling of natural laws. Relativity theory shows that the comparison of times measured by different clocks depends on their relative motion and on the strength of the gravitational field in which they are embedded. In standard cosmology, the time parameter is the one measured by fundamental clocks (i.e., clocks at rest with respect to the expanding space). This proper time is assumed to flow at a constant rate throughout the whole history of the universe. We make the alternative hypothesis that the rate at which the cosmological time flows depends on the dynamical state of the universe. In thermodynamics, the arrow of time is strongly related to the second law, which states that the entropy of an isolated system will always increase with time or, at best, stay constant. Hence, we assume that the time measured by fundamental clocks is proportional to the entropy of the region of the universe that is causally connected to them. Under that simple assumption, we find it possible to build toy cosmological models that present an acceleration of their expansion without any need for dark energy while being spatially closed and finite, avoiding the need to deal with infinite values.
Feasibility of Using Accelerometer Measurements to Assess Habitual Physical Activity in Rural Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Young Lufei , Hertzog Melody , Barnason Susan
Published: July 2017

(1) Background: Physical inactivity is prevalent in rural heart failure (HF) patients. To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving physical activity (PA), we need an accurate, reliable PA assessment tool that is feasible and acceptable to HF patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility and reliability of using an accelerometer to assess HF patients’ PA. (2) Method: A total of 100 HF patients discharged from a rural hospital participated in the study and wore an accelerometer at baseline, 3, and 6 months following discharge. (3) Result: The daily average wear time across all three time points was 15.7 (±3.3) h for weekdays, and 15.8 (±3.7) h for weekends. Approximately 50% of the participants adhered to the device wear protocol at baseline, 3, and 6 months. Factors related to wear time were also examined. Acceptable reliability assessed by intra-class correlation (ICC > 0.879) was found for daily activity calories, activity counts per minutes, and time spent on moderate or greater PA. (4) Conclusion: The present findings suggest that an accelerometer is a feasible and reliable measure of habitual PA in rural HF patients over time.
Modeling the Effects of Urban Design on Emergency Medical Response Calls during Extreme Heat Events in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Graham Drew , Vanos Jennifer , Kenny Natasha , Brown Robert
Published: July 2017

Urban residents are at risk of health-related illness during extreme heat events but the dangers are not equal in all parts of a city. Previous studies have found a relationship between physical characteristics of neighborhoods and the number of emergency medical response (EMR) calls. We used a human energy budget model to test the effects of landscape modifications that are designed to cool the environment on the expected number of EMR calls in two neighborhoods in Toronto, Canada during extreme heat events. The cooling design strategies reduced the energy overload on people by approximately 20–30 W m−2, resulting in an estimated 40–50% reduction in heat-related ambulance calls. These findings advance current understanding of the relationship between the urban landscape and human health and suggest straightforward design strategies to positively influence urban heat-health.
Dendritic Architecture of Principal Basolateral Amygdala Neurons Changes Congruently with Endocrine Response to Stress
Authors: Hegde Akshaya , Soh Yee Poh , Mitra Rupshi
Published: July 2017

Animals cope with changing environments through changes in behavior. Such plasticity is, however, marked by substantial inter-individual variability. Neuroendocrine reactivity to challenging environments can be an important predictor of resilience. Both basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons and adrenal glucocorticoid signaling are integral parts of the stress neuroendocrine response. In this report, we test if individual variation in hormonal response to stress is associated with individual variation in the dendritic complexity of BLA neurons. We report a positive correlation between inter-individual variability in glucocorticoid response and neuronal plasticity in the BLA subsequent to a stressor. This suggests that stressful experiences in the past act as significant sculptors of BLA neuronal plasticity and congruent neuroendocrine response.
Gut–CNS-Axis as Possibility to Modulate Inflammatory Disease Activity—Implications for Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Fleck Ann-Katrin , Schuppan Detlef , Wiendl Heinz , Klotz Luisa
Published: July 2017

In the last decade the role of environmental factors as modulators of disease activity and progression has received increasing attention. In contrast to classical environmental modulators such as exposure to sun-light or fine dust pollution, nutrition is an ideal tool for a personalized human intervention. Various studies demonstrate a key role of dietary factors in autoimmune diseases including Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS). In this review we discuss the connection between diet and inflammatory processes via the gut–CNS-axis. This axis describes a bi-directional communication system and comprises neuronal signaling, neuroendocrine pathways and modulation of immune responses. Therefore, the gut–CNS-axis represents an emerging target to modify CNS inflammatory activity ultimately opening new avenues for complementary and adjunctive treatment of autoimmune diseases such as MS.
Successful Community-Based Conservation: The Story of Millbank and Pterourus (Papilio) homerus
Authors: Garraway Eric , Parnell John , Lewis Delano
Published: July 2017

The literature on community-based environmental management is very extensive and the discussion of the pros and cons is continuing. Presented here is an example of a successful interaction between university-based entomologists and a local rural community, detailing the change in the attitude of the town of Millbank, Jamaica, from a Giant Swallowtail Butterfly collecting site to a model for community protection of a species and its environment. A review of some of the research work on community-based conservation efforts is included. These linkages take a considerable time to establish and the efforts spent by scientific personnel, governmental representatives and eco-tourists are itemized to emphasize how specific conservation activities have inspired confidence in the local community, thus engendering trust and mutual respect between the two groups. Reviews of the developed legislative support from both international and state entities also must be in place, and these are included in chronological detail as much as possible. Finally, a review of the long-term funding of educational and other local programs providing a level of stability to the conservation effort, until the local community can take over the protection of the species and/or habitat, is provided. Of utmost importance is a comprehensive educational campaign to not only sensitize the community, but the larger society, so that there can be buy-in from all stakeholders.
International Expert Panel Consensus Guidelines for Structure and Delivery of Qigong Exercise for Cancer Care Programming
Authors: Klein Penelope , Picard George , Schneider Roger , Oh Byeongsang
Published: July 2017

Integrative oncology, including Qigong, is a relatively new concept in modern healthcare. Evidence of benefits of Qigong in cancer survivors is emerging. As such, several cancer centers, world-wide, have introduced Qigong as part of integrative medicine within supportive cancer care programming. Qigong exercise programming content and quality varies among institutions due to lack of standard guidelines and, at present, relies solely on the instructor’s skills, knowledge, personal preferences and clinical experience. Development of consensus guidelines recommending the basic structure and delivery of Qigong programming in cancer care can potentiate quality assurance and reduce risk of harm. This applied qualitative research utilized a modified Delphi approach to formulate consensus guidelines. Guidelines were developed through discussions among an international expert panel (N = 13) with representation from Australia, Canada, Ireland, and the United States. Panel communication was predominantly conducted by email and occurred from November 2016 through February 2017. Expert panel work resulted in the generation of a work product: Qigong in Cancer Care Guidelines: A Working Paper including: (a) Consensus Guidelines for structure and delivery of Qigong exercise for Cancer care programming; (b) Consensus guidelines for instructor competence for teaching Qigong exercise for cancer care classes; (c) Screening tool for safe participation in Qigong exercise; (d) Class participant instructions for maintaining safety during Qigong exercise; and (e) Advice from the field. Generation of these resources is the first step in establishing recommendations for ‘best practice’ in the area of Qigong for cancer care programming.
Cholinesterase and Prolyl Oligopeptidase Inhibitory Activities of Alkaloids from Argemone platyceras (Papaveraceae)
Authors: Siatka Tomáš , Adamcová Markéta , Opletal Lubomír , Cahlíková Lucie , Jun Daniel , Hrabinová Martina , Kuneš Jiří , Chlebek Jakub
Published: July 2017

Alzheimer’s disease is an age-related, neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by cognitive impairment and restrictions in activities of daily living. This disease is the most common form of dementia with complex multifactorial pathological mechanisms. Many therapeutic approaches have been proposed. Among them, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and prolyl oligopeptidase can be beneficial targets in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Roots, along with aerial parts of Argemone platyceras, were extracted with ethanol and fractionated on an alumina column using light petrol, chloroform and ethanol. Subsequently, repeated preparative thin-layer chromatography led to the isolation of (+)-laudanosine, protopine, (–)-argemonine, allocryptopine, (–)-platycerine, (–)-munitagine, and (–)-norargemonine belonging to pavine, protopine and benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline structural types. Chemical structures of the isolated alkaloids were elucidated by optical rotation, spectroscopic and spectrometric analysis (NMR, MS), and comparison with literature data. (+)-Laudanosine was isolated from A. platyceras for the first time. Isolated compounds were tested for human blood acetylcholinesterase, human plasma butyrylcholinesterase and recombinant prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitory activity. The alkaloids inhibited the enzymes in a dose-dependent manner. The most active compound (–)-munitagine, a pavine alkaloid, inhibited both acetylcholinesterase and prolyl oligopeptidase with IC50 values of 62.3 ± 5.8 µM and 277.0 ± 31.3 µM, respectively.
Mechanomyography and Torque during FES-Evoked Muscle Contractions to Fatigue in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Mohamad Nor , Hamzaid Nur , Davis Glen , Abdul Wahab Ahmad , Hasnan Nazirah
Published: July 2017

A mechanomyography muscle contraction (MC) sensor, affixed to the skin surface, was used to quantify muscle tension during repetitive functional electrical stimulation (FES)-evoked isometric rectus femoris contractions to fatigue in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Nine persons with motor complete SCI were seated on a commercial muscle dynamometer that quantified peak torque and average torque outputs, while measurements from the MC sensor were simultaneously recorded. MC-sensor-predicted measures of dynamometer torques, including the signal peak (SP) and signal average (SA), were highly associated with isometric knee extension peak torque (SP: r = 0.91, p < 0.0001), and average torque (SA: r = 0.89, p < 0.0001), respectively. Bland-Altman (BA) analyses with Lin’s concordance (ρC) revealed good association between MC-sensor-predicted peak muscle torques (SP; ρC = 0.91) and average muscle torques (SA; ρC = 0.89) with the equivalent dynamometer measures, over a range of FES current amplitudes. The relationship of dynamometer torques and predicted MC torques during repetitive FES-evoked muscle contraction to fatigue were moderately associated (SP: r = 0.80, p < 0.0001; SA: r = 0.77; p < 0.0001), with BA associations between the two devices fair-moderate (SP; ρC = 0.70: SA; ρC = 0.30). These findings demonstrated that a skin-surface muscle mechanomyography sensor was an accurate proxy for electrically-evoked muscle contraction torques when directly measured during isometric dynamometry in individuals with SCI. The novel application of the MC sensor during FES-evoked muscle contractions suggested its possible application for real-world tasks (e.g., prolonged sit-to-stand, stepping,) where muscle forces during fatiguing activities cannot be directly measured.
Milky Way Tomography with K and M Dwarf Stars: The Vertical Structure of the Galactic Disk
Authors: Ferguson Deborah , Gardner Susan , Yanny Brian
Published: July 2017

We use the number density distributions of K and M dwarf stars with vertical height from the Galactic disk, determined using observations from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, to probe the structure of the Milky Way disk across the survey’s footprint. Using photometric parallax as a distance estimator we analyze a sample of several million disk stars in matching footprints above and below the Galactic plane, and we determine the location and extent of vertical asymmetries in the number counts in a variety of thin- and thick-disk subsamples in regions of some 200 square degrees within 2 kpc in vertical distance from the Galactic disk. These disk asymmetries present wave-like features as previously observed on other scales and at other distances from the Sun. We additionally explore the scale height of the disk and the implied offset of the Sun from the Galactic plane at different locations, noting that the scale height of the disk can differ significantly when measured using stars only above or only below the plane. Moreover, we compare the shape of the number density distribution in the north for different latitude ranges with a fixed range in longitude and find the shape to be sensitive to the selected latitude window. We explain why this may be indicative of a change in stellar populations in the latitude regions compared, possibly allowing access to the systematic metallicity difference between thin- and thick-disk populations through photometry.
An Interactive Multi-instrument Database of Solar Flares
Authors: Sadykov Viacheslav M , Kosovichev Alexander G , Oria Vincent , Nita Gelu M
Published: July 2017

Solar flares are complicated physical phenomena that are observable in a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves to γ-rays. For a more comprehensive understanding of flares, it is necessary to perform a combined multi-wavelength analysis using observations from many satellites and ground-based observatories. For an efficient data search, integration of different flare lists, and representation of observational data, we have developed the Interactive Multi-Instrument Database of Solar Flares (IMIDSF, https://solarflare.njit.edu/). The web-accessible database is fully functional and allows the user to search for uniquely identified flare events based on their physical descriptors and the availability of observations by a particular set of instruments. Currently, the data from three primary flare lists (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites, RHESSI, and HEK) and a variety of other event catalogs (Hinode, Fermi GBM, Konus-W
IND, the OVSA flare catalogs, the CACTus CME catalog, the Filament eruption catalog) and observing logs (IRIS and Nobeyama coverage) are integrated, and an additional set of physical descriptors (temperature and emission measure) is provided along with an observing summary, data links, and multi-wavelength light curves for each flare event since 2002 January. We envision that this new tool will allow researchers to significantly speed up the search of events of interest for statistical and case studies.
Editoriales independientes en Chile: una política “literaria” del escritor-editor
Authors: Becerra Rafael Farías
Published: July 2017

En este artículo se plantea la posibilidad de concebir la política editorial del escritor como otra política literaria. Para ello, se expone sobre la aparición significativa de editoriales independientes en Chile, donde el escritor ha asumido el rol de editor con el propósito de movilizar su propia escritura y la de sus pares, así como también para innovar en el formato estético en que se presentan sus obras. De este modo, parecen confluir, tanto una política de la sensibilidad literaria como una política del escritor, concebida esta última como productora de las condiciones de posibilidad y de circulación de las obras.
Offline vs. Online Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Srivastava Ritesh , Bhatia M.P.S.
Published: July 2017

Recently, the social networking sites (SNSs) have proven their immense power of prediction for predicting the results of the real-world events. However, for real-time monitoring of the world activities via microblogging site like Twitter, it is important to perform the sentiment analysis of online micro-texts in real-time to support fast and intelligent decision-making and hence to execute the appropriate actions in the real world in real-time. In this context, this paper discusses the online sentiment analysis process of online micro-texts in perspectives of the real-time analysis process. In addition, this paper argues the non-applicability of the classical time consuming Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods and the affinity of Machine Learning (ML) methods in performing the online sentiment analysis by contrasting it with offline sentiment analysis. Furthermore, it also formalized the online sentiment analysis process of online micro-texts by raising novel issues and proposing new performance measures for online sentiment analysis.
Frequent Itemset Mining in Large Datasets a Survey
Authors: Pal Amrit , Kumar Manish
Published: July 2017

Frequent Itemset Mining is a well-known area in data mining. Most of the techniques available for frequent itemset mining requires complete information about the data which can result in generation of the association rules. The amount of data is increasing day by day taking form of BigData, which require changes in the algorithms for working on such large-scale data. Parallel implementation of the mining techniques can provide solutions to this problem. In this paper a survey of frequent itemset mining techniques is done which can be used in a parallel environment. Programming models like Map Reduce provides efficient architecture for working with BigData, paper also provides information about issues and feasibility about technique to be implemented in such environment.
The Embedded Intelligence of Smart Cities
Authors: Deakin Mark , Reid Alasdair
Published: July 2017

This paper reviews Mitchell's thesis on the transition from the city of bits to e-topia. The review finds it wanting and suggests the problems encountered with the thesis rest with the lack of critical insight e-topia offers into the embedded intelligence of smart cities. It also suggests the difficulties, which the thesis experiences in accounting for the embedded intelligence of smart cities raise serious questions about whether the e-topia demonstrators that digitally-inclusive regeneration platforms stand on are progressive. In particular, whether the demonstrators these platforms stand on are progressive in embedding the intelligence that cities need for them to be smart in not only bridging the digital divide in urban life, but also overcoming any adverse effect, which the inequalities and degradation of such exclusion have on the sense of citizenship and community they in turn construct.
A Comparison of Data Exchange Mechanisms for Real-Time Communication
Authors: Chawla Mohit , Mishra Siba , Singh Kriti , Kumar Chiranjeev
Published: July 2017

While web applications continue to employ traditional client-server model, most of the current applications demand real time bi-directional communication. In such setups, data exchanges between both the parties (client and server) are very frequent. Thus, performance of the network is subject to various factors decided by the choice of data exchange mechanism. This shows that the choice of data exchange mechanism is vital to performance of a web-application employing it. This paper compares various data exchange mechanisms with respect to factors affecting real time web applications. While the absolute values of benchmarking may vary with the systems, the relative difference between them can be used as a reference for selecting a mechanism for an application. Hence, this paper can be used as a reference to choose appropriate data exchange mechanism for the concerned application.
Running-time Analysis of Ant System Algorithms with Upper-bound Comparison
Authors: Huang Han , Wu Hongyue , Zhang Yushan , Lin Zhiyong , Hao Zhifeng
Published: July 2017

Running-time analysis of ant colony optimization (ACO) is crucial for understanding the power of the algorithm in computation. This paper conducts a running-time analysis of ant system algorithms (AS) as a kind of ACO for traveling salesman problems (TSP). The authors model the AS algorithm as an absorbing Markov chain through jointly representing the best-so-far solutions and pheromone matrix as a discrete stochastic status per iteration. The running-time of AS can be evaluated by the expected first-hitting time (FHT), the least number of iterations needed to attain the global optimal solution on average. The authors derive upper bounds of the expected FHT of two classical AS algorithms (i.e., ant quantity system and ant-cycle system) for TSP. They further take regular-polygon TSP (RTSP) as a case study and obtain numerical results by calculating six RTSP instances. The RTSP is a special but real-world TSP where the constraint of triangle inequality is stringently imposed. The numerical results derived from the comparison of the running time of the two AS algorithms verify our theoretical findings.
Impact of the Interoperability of ERPs on Information Systems Disintegration
Authors: Samara Tarek
Published: July 2017

As an ERP package could be viewed as an integration indicator, it could thus measure the information system integration rate (ISIR). Therefore, the integration rate (IR) of an information system (IS), which is composed of only one ERP package, should be higher than the IR of another IS, which is composed of an ERP that is well (or not well) integrated with other subsystems. Some “information technology strategies adopted by ERP vendors and/or by firms could affect, and/or they could be influenced by, the level of ERP interoperability. Whether or not a reliable interoperability is possible to be developed and/or proposed by ERP vendors; firms could interoperate, within the framework of their IS, an ERP package with other subsystems, or they could implement this package as the only component of their IS. When strategies change, the level of ERP interoperability could be modified from reliable to unreliable and the ISIR could be affected. This paper tries to understand how these changes could impact the level of ERP interoperability in a manner that could provoke the IS disintegration.
Realization of a New Robust and Secure Watermarking Technique Using DC Coefficient Modification in Pixel Domain and Chaotic Encryption
Authors: Parah Shabir A. , Sheikh Javaid A. , Dey Nilanjan , Bhat G.M.
Published: July 2017

The proliferation of information and communication technology has made exchange of information easier than ever. Security, Duplication and manipulation of information in such a scenario has become a major challenge to the research community round the globe. Digital watermarking has been found to be a potent tool to deal with such issues. A secure and robust image watermarking scheme based on DC coefficient modification in pixel domain and chaotic encryption has been presented in this paper. The cover image has been divided into 8×8 sub-blocks and instead of computing DC coefficient using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCTI, the authors compute DC coefficient of each block in spatial domain. Watermark bits are embedded by modifying DC coefficients of various blocks in spatial domain. The quantum of change to be brought in various pixels of a block for embedding watermark bit depends upon DC coefficient of respective blocks, nature of watermark bit (0 or 1) to be embedded and the adjustment factor. The security of embedded watermark has been taken care of by using chaotic encryption. Experimental investigations show that besides being highly secure the proposed technique is robust to both signal processing and geometric attacks. Further, the proposed scheme is computationally efficient as DC coefficient which holds the watermark information has been computed in pixel domain instead of using DCT on an image block.
MMAS Algorithm for Features Selection Using 1D-DWT for Video-Based Face Recognition in the Online Video Contextual Advertisement User-Oriented System
Authors: Bao Le Nguyen , Le Dac-Nhuong , Nguyen Gia Nhu , Van Chung Le , Dey Nilanjan
Published: July 2017

Face recognition is an importance step which can affect the performance of the system. In this paper, the authors propose a novel Max-Min Ant System algorithm to optimal feature selection based on Discrete Wavelet Transform feature for Video-based face recognition. The length of the culled feature vector is adopted as heuristic information for ant's pheromone in their algorithm. They selected the optimal feature subset in terms of shortest feature length and the best performance of classifier used k-nearest neighbor classifier. The experiments were analyzed on face recognition show that the authors' algorithm can be easily implemented and without any priori information of features. The evaluated performance of their algorithm is better than previous approaches for feature selection.
Improvement of Mechanical Properties of CNT/Epoxy Nano Composites Using the B4C by Taguchi Method
Authors: Taşyürek Mustafa , Nazik Cihad
Published: July 2017

In this study, production and mechanical properties of the hybrid nanocomposite were investigated experimentally and estimated. Hybrid nanocomposites include boron carbide (B4C) and multi walled carbon nanotube (CNT) in the epoxy resin. B4C and CNT mixed into the epoxy with different percentages and produced. Tensile strength values of the produced samples was determined and compared. Thermal stability of the samples was analyzed by TGA. Samples are diversified by Taguchi method. The optimum sample was determined by comparison of the experimental and estimated results. Finally, the effects on each of the parameters were determined.
Performance of Electrical Discharge Milling and Sinking in Micro Graphite Powder Mixed Dielectric
Authors: Marashi Houriyeh , Sarhan Ahmed A.D. , Maher Ibrahem , Hamdi Mohd
Published: July 2017

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a non-conventional machining technique that is well-known for use in fabricating dies and molds owing to machinability of high hardness materials. Although the electro-thermal mechanism of EDM offers many advantages over other available machining methods, its sluggish nature limits the wide application of such machines for mass production. In this research, adding graphite powder to dielectric is proposed to improve EDM performance factors. Material removal rate (MRR) and average surface roughness (Ra) have been monitored and evaluated after addition of graphite powder to dielectric in electrical discharge milling and sinking. It is found that the presence of powder particles in dielectric fluid enhances the MRR steadily up to ~11 and ~17% for milling and sinking process, respectively. Moreover, the highest enhancement if Ra is ~31% at 1g/l graphite powder concentration for electrical discharge milling and up to ~11% for sinking process. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) is used to inspect the machined surfaces. The surfaces machined with graphite powder mixed appear significantly unlike the surfaces machined in pure dielectric. Adding powder to dielectric is found to increase the machined surface hardness by ~26%, from 240 to 302 HV.
Fabrication and Microstructure Evaluation of Fibrous Composite for Acetabular Labrum Implant
Authors: Anindyajati Adhi , Boughton Philip , Ruys Andrew John
Published: July 2017

This paper will report the fabrication process and microstructure analysis of fibrous composite incorporating ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fabric, electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL), and bioglass particles. Briefly, electrospinning was performed to form PCL fibre lamination in the surface of UHMWPE fabric. This UHMWPE/PCL material was then bioglass-coated. Sequentially, microstructure of the UHMWPE fabric, UHMWPE/PCL, and UHMWPE/PCL/bioglass was imaged and analysed. The composite showed aligned ultrafine PCL fibres and distribution of bioglass particles in the layer of electrospun PCL. The results of this study provide groundwork for more advanced investigation, as well as development of implant prototype.
Electrochemical Redox Reactions of Lithium Ion on Nickel Electrode in Propylene Carbonate-Based Solutions
Authors: Jo Mun Hui , Lee Yong Ho , Jeong Soon Ki
Published: July 2017

This study investigated the effect of a co-solvent on the lithium metal negative electrode to understand the growth of dendritic lithium and the battery performance. An electrolyte was prepared by adding a dimethyl carbonate (DMC) co-solvent in a propylene carbonate (PC) solvent. Adding DMC, considerably improved the unstable and low cyclic efficiency in the PC only electrolyte was considerably improved. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the growth of dendritic lithium was affected by the quantity of DMC. The more DMC was added, the more the dendritic lithium formation was suppressed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the surface component of the deposited lithium was different, depending on the quantity of DMC added. This study successfully demonstrated that DMC co-solvent could suppress dendritic lithium.
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticle from Adsorbed Au on Hydrotalcite Using SDS and Sodium Citrate as Capping Agent and its Recovery into Pure Gold
Authors: Andreani Agustina Sus , Suyanta Suyanta , Kunarti Eko Sri , Santosa Sri Juari
Published: July 2017

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been synthesised from adsorbed Au on hydrotalcite (Mg/Al HT-AA-Au) using SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and sodium citrate as capping agent. Then, the nanoparticles were recovered into pure gold by centrifugation. It is shown that sodium citrate has better activity compared to SDS as the capping agent. The electronic spectra of the resulted AuNPs showed that the optimum pH, sodium citrate concentration and time of sonication were 5, 70 mM, and 2 h, respectively. The results showed that the average size of AuNPs was 32 nm at SPR 531 nm. By centrifugation at 13000 rpm for 8 min, gold dust of Au(0) can be obtained from the gold nanoparticles capped sodium citrate. Based on infrared spectra and XRD, it is proven that the gold dust still contains citric and Mg/Al HT.
Enhanced Power Factor of Single Crystalline Lead Telluride Nanowire
Authors: Dedi Dedi , Hermida I Dewa Putu , Primadona Indah , Chen Yang Yuan
Published: July 2017

We present the thermoelectric properties of individual PbTe (lead telluride) nanowire (NW) grown by a stress induced method. Temperature-dependent thermoelectric power and electrical conductivity in PbTe NW with diameter 125 nm were investigated in temperature ranging of 300−400 K. The PbTe NW was found to have a Seebeck coeficient S and electrical conductivity σ of −121 μV K−1 and 138 S cm−1 at 300 K, respectively. The calculated power factor (PF) of PbTe NW (d = 125 nm) demonstrate an enhancement, wich is higher than that have been previously reported in PbTe NWs. Such an enhanced thermoelectric performance can in part be attributed to the size effect of nanowires.
Spreading Dynamics of Corrosion on Material Surface Using Site Percolation Model
Authors: Illahi Ramadian Ridho , Nugroho Fakhrudin , Nurwantoro Pekik
Published: July 2017

Spreading phenomenon is usually characterized by existence of two competing processes. On the spreading of corrosion, competition occurs between the power of solution to corrode with the resistance level of a metal surface against corrosion. In the present study, we simulate a corrosion process using site percolation model to determine the spreading pattern of corrosion. The simulation results showed different spreading patterns and dynamics of corrosion when the value of corrode molecules were varied. The simulation results also indicate the emergence of two regimes that happens, smooth regime and random regime. Smooth regime characterized by the shape of its corrosion face is almost the same as before. While random regime characterized by the appearance of random spreading pattern on the shape of corrosion face.