bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature-adaptive Ni3Al-based self-lubricating alloys
Authors: Chen Jie , Zheng Min , Zhu Zongxiao , Chen Jiao , Cheng Jun , Zhu Shengyu , Yang Jun
Published: November 2023

Temperature-adaptive Ni3Al-based self-lubricating alloys prepared by powder metallurgy were investigated and evaluated over a wide temperature range. Ni3Al-Ag-V alloys exhibit excellent self-lubricating properties and wear resistance over a wide temperature range, especially for the Ni3Al-20 wt%Ag-5 wt%V alloy with friction coefficients as low as 0.26 and 0.23 at room temperature and 900°C, respectively, and wear rates as low as 5 × 10− 6 mm3/Nm and 4 × 10− 5 mm3/Nm in turn. It is proposed for a lubrication mechanism that temperature-adapted lubrication is provided by the soft metal Ag at low temperatures and AgVO3 and Ag3VO4 produced by tribo-chemical reactions at high temperatures.
Relationship between Visual Fatigue and Tear Film Stability in Smartphone Use: A objective validation study
Authors: Watanabe Maki , Hirota Masakazu , Takigawa Ryusei , Kato Kanako , Ikeda Yuka
Published: November 2023

Background:
To investigate whether tear film instability induces visual fatigue, we used the binocular fusion maintenance (BFM) test and non-invasive tear film break-up time (NI-BUT).
Methods:
Eleven young adult volunteers (age [mean ± standard deviation], 20.7 ± 1.4 years) participated in this study. BFM was assessed by measuring the transmittance of liquid crystals placed in front of the subject’s non-dominant eye when binocular fusion was broken, and non-dominant eye was shifted to heterophoric. The NI-BUT was determined using the distortion of the Meyer ring. The volunteers were administered the BFM, NI-BUT, and subjective symptom questionnaire before and after a 30-minute visual task.
Results:
BFM (pre vs. post: 0.95 ± 0.09 vs. 0.75 ± 0.16) was significantly lower in the post-visual task than in the pre-visual task (P = 0.012). NI-BUT (9.12 ± 1.00 s vs. 5.69 ± 3.11 s) was significantly shorter in the post-visual task than in the pre-visual task (P = 0.011). Total subjective eye symptom (2.91 ± 0.79 vs. 5.45 ± 2.02) was significantly greater in the post-visual task than in the pre-visual task (P = 0.012). The change in BFM (− 0.20 ± 0.18) was significantly and positively correlated with the change in NI-BUT (− 3.43 ± 3.19) (R2 = 0.385, P = 0.042) and was significantly and negatively correlated with the change in total subjective eye symptom score (2.54 ± 2.23) (R2 = 0.470, P = 0.020).
Conclusion:
The findings suggest that tear film instability induces visual fatigue.
Trial registration:
UMIN000039665, 03/02, 2020.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Diagnostic Challenges and Favorable Response to Prednisolone
Authors: Olomi Jimmy , Munthali Victoria
Published: November 2023

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), characterized by severe and disproportionate pain, is a rare and debilitating condition. Due to its rarity, evidence-based treatment guidelines remain limited, creating a challenge for clinicians. We present the case of a 20-year-old female with CRPS type 1 of the right hand. Her pain, initially triggered by a minor trauma, had persisted for three months. The patient demonstrated severe pain, swelling, hyperesthesia, and restricted range of motion. Despite multiple hospital visits, her symptoms did not improve until she was diagnosed with CRPS and treated with oral prednisolone. A dosage of 40 mg daily led to a dramatic response within 10 days. Our report emphasizes the importance of recognizing CRPS and highlights the potential of prednisolone as a treatment option, particularly in resource-limited settings, where more specialized interventions may be unavailable. Further research is essential to establish a stronger evidence base for the use of steroids in CRPS management.
A Preliminar Study of the Avifauna Composition of Four Parks in Salto, São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Constantino Daniel Josué , Maia Bárbara Maria Cerqueira , Lima Vinícius Emanuel Brito
Published: November 2023

The birdlife of a given region plays several ecological roles, such as plant pollination, seed dispersion pest control, maintenance of gene flow, in addition to attracting tourists to birdwatching. Therefore, knowledge about this biota is related to its importance within ecosystems and to quantifying the effects of human intervention on their habitats. The municipality of Salto, located in the southeast of São Paulo/Brazil, is a mutualistic transition zone that comprises areas of three brazilians biomes. Furthermore, the city has a large presence of riparian forest on the banks of the Tietê River, and for this reason, it is one of the 70 cities in the state considered touristic resorts, standing out for its natural landscape and attracting ecotourism. To characterize the endemic and migratory native bird communities in Salto, the present work was carried out in four diferent preserved parks, from March/2021 to March/2023. The analysis was carried out based on field observation and survey of photographic records on the WikiAves platform, using qualitative criteria, in which 340 species of wild birds were cataloged in the area. This is the first study of birdlife characterization in the region, whose main objective was to generate data and demonstrate ecological dynamics between main fragments, to monitor seasonal movement of avifauna and also provide subsidies for environmental enrichment in the area. Through this study, it is also possible to plan new strategies for conservation, environmental education and sustainable tourism in the municipality.
Reward prediction errors drive reinforcement learning and episodic memories: gender differences in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder
Authors: Liu Yuqing , Wang Die , Wang Leping , Yu Chenghao , Wang SongSong , Huang Fang , Wang Tiancheng , Jin Shengyi , Zhou Qiang
Published: November 2023

Background
Individuals with methamphetamine (MA) use disorder have impaired executive functioning with gender differences, which may be related to the reward prediction errors (RPEs) that drive reinforcement learning and episodic memories, as RPE signaling is impaired in these individuals.
Objectives
We examined whether the driving effects of RPE on reinforcement learning and episodic memories are impaired in individuals with MA use disorder and how differ between women and men.
Methods
A total of 82 individuals with MA use disorder in abstinent (MA group: 47.6% female) and 86 non-users (control group: 47.7% female) were recruited and required to learn the mean value of a reward in a learning situation. Reward prediction error was manipulated by giving different monetary reward feedback after each reward prediction.
Results
Compared to non-users, the MA group had lower learning rate for rewards and recognition-memory accuracy for items. The effect of reward prediction error showed a dissociable effect on gender: absolute prediction error had an impaired driving effect on reinforcement learning and episodic memories in the female MA group, but not in the male MA group.
Conclusion
Males with MA use disorder can learn from unexpected reward feedback, but females are less able to learn much, and their episodic memories of past feedback results could not guide them to make adaptive behaviors. The gender difference may explain the greater impairment in some executive functions and greater involvement in criminal activity among females with MA use disorder.
Software Quality Sustainability Measurement Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Siri D , Rao H Kalyan , Jyothi V. , Apurva Apurva Khandekar , neelima G Neelima , nagender Nagender Babu
Published: November 2023

Software quality is of paramount importance. Software quality can be directly affected by software defect prediction. This topic has become a hot topic over the past few years. Software defects can have a key role on the software quality, leading to higher maintenance costs, overruns, delays, and increased costs. This paper discusses the Machine-learning algorithms - ANN (Particle Swarm Optimization), DT (Decision Trees), NB(Naive Bayes), DT (Decision Trees), DT (Decision Trees), DT (Decision Trees), DT (Decision Trees), DT (Decision Trees), DT (Decision Trees), LC [Linear Classifier]).Software quality is dependent on the ability to predict faults. This helps reduce the time and cost of software testing. Software metrics can be used to determine the program's difficulty and duration. Software metrics can also be used to predict module faults. This requires extensive research. This empirical research seeks to identify the factors that significantly improve fault prediction models and related product metrics. This paper discusses software metrics and offers suggestions for improving software defect prediction.
Optical Design and Optimization of Space High-cadence Observing Terahertz-telescope (SHOT)
Authors: Zhang MIngzhu , Duan Ran , Li Di , Zhang Xiaohang , Yang Lihui , Liu Fei , Wang Yu , Yu Shiling , Ma Xiaoyun , Yan Xiaohui
Published: November 2023

The Space High-cadence Observing Telescope (SHOT) is proposed to conduct a wide-field survey in 1-3 THz with an aperture of 1-meter class. It will provide complete terahertz and far-infrared photometry with low-resolution spectroscopy throughout the sky, promoting the study of fast radio bursts, the formation and evolution of stars, and other scientific goals. The telescope will adopt a superconducting kinetic inductance detector to achieve a wide survey of terahertz imaging. This work designs the optical system of SHOT to obtain a large FOV of up to 1.5 deg and match the detector with the size of 60 mm\(\times\)60 mm and pixel pitch of 0.8 mm. The quasi-optical system adopts a Ritchey-Chr{\'e}tien design. By adding a corrector lens to the optical system and optimization, the aberrations mainly caused by the optical elements in the detector system are reduced. The influence of each component assigned to different terahertz materials is analyzed. The results show that TPX is more suitable than the other two materials. The performance of the optimized optical system is close to its diffraction limit. It will have the characteristics of high image quality and compact layout.
Challenges and Opportunities of Virtual Reality Painting Animation in Mainland China: A Case Study of Dark Tide
Authors: Tan Bowen , Qiu Yilun , Zeng Zhi , Rascoe Roderick
Published: November 2023

This article draws on the experience of producing the music video Dark Tide in Quill, a virtual reality painting software, to discuss the potential of integrating virtual reality (VR) technology into the animation industry workflow. Despite significant updates in VR content-creation technologies over the past seven years, many animation companies in Mainland China are reluctant to include these innovative technologies in their animation production workflows due to a lack of knowledge and drawbacks in the VR workflow. However, in light of uncertainty within the animation market and the commercial success of independent animation, VR painting technology could provide start-up animation studios with an alternative animation production workflow and production strategies for their future projects. Against this background, we examine the current advantages and limitations of Quill.
Immunonutrition with Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Severe TBI: Retrospective Analysis of Patient Characteristics and Outcomes
Authors: Poblete Roy A. , Pena Jesus E. , Kuo Grace , Tarzi Fawaz , Nguyen Peggy L. , Cen Steven Y. , Yaceczko Shelby , Louie Stan G. , Lewis Meghan R. , Martin Matthew , Amar Arun P. , Sanossian Nerses , Sung Gene , Lyden Patrick D.
Published: November 2023

Background
Early evidence-based medical interventions to improve patient outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are lacking. In patients admitted to the ICU after TBI, optimization of nutrition is an emerging field of interest. Specialized enteral nutrition (EN) formulas that include immunonutrition containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have been developed and are used for their proposed anti-inflammatory and pro-immune properties; however, their use has not been rigorously studied in human TBI populations.
Methods
A single-center, retrospective, descriptive observational study was conducted at LAC + USC Medical Center. Patients with severe TBI (sTBI, Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤ 8) who remained in the ICU for ≥ 2 weeks and received EN were identified between 2017 and 2022 using the institutional trauma registry. Those who received immunonutrition formulas containing n-3 PUFAs were compared to those who received standard, polymeric EN in regard to baseline characteristics, clinical markers of inflammation and immune function, and short-term clinical outcomes.
Results
A total of 151 patients with sTBI were analyzed. Those who received immunonutrition with n-3 PUFA supplementation were more likely to be male, younger, Hispanic/Latinx, and have polytrauma needing non-central nervous system surgery. No differences in clinical markers of inflammation or infection rate were found. In multivariate regression analysis, immunonutrition was associated with reduced hospital length of stay (LOS). ICU LOS was also reduced in the subgroup of patients with polytrauma and TBI.
Conclusion
This study identifies important differences in patient characteristics and outcomes associated with the EN formula prescribed. Study results can directly inform a prospective pragmatic study of immunonutrition with n-3 PUFA supplementation aimed to confirm the biomechanistic and clinical benefits of the intervention.
Human Capital Spillovers and Plant Productivity in ASEAN: Evidence from the Plant Panel Data
Authors: Rindimajangga Muhammad Arditya
Published: November 2023

This paper examines whether the local human capital spillovers can affect plant productivity in three ASEAN countries using panel data from World Bank Enterprise Survey between 2009 and 2015. The spillovers exist if plants can produce more in the region with the abundant number of skilled workers given their inputs. This study focuses on the proportion of nonproduction workers outside the plant as the proxy of skilled workers. I use augmented Cobb-Douglas production function to estimate this effect. Results suggest that human capital spillovers do matter for plant productivity. I find that a 1 percent increase in the proportion of nonproduction workers within a region will enhance the productivity of plants in that region by roughly 7.1–8.9 percent. Moreover, the productivity rises are found to be higher for low-tech plants. The economic value of such spillovers effect indicates that per plant value-added will increase by US$ 330,000 or correspondingly, an increase of US$ 866.75 million for the whole manufacturing industry.
JEL codes: D24, J24, L25, L60
Obtaining a multi-organization OMOP CDM repository from two heterogeneous EHR ecosystems: a flexible methodology based on Detailed Clinical Models
Authors: Pedrera-Jimenez Miguel , Frid Santiago , Garcia-Barrio Noelia , Bracons-Cuco Guillem , Bosca-Tomas Diego , Moner-Cano David , Muñoz-Carrero Adolfo , Serrano-Balazote Pablo
Published: November 2023

Background
Standardized repositories of real-world data provide a mechanism for semantic convergence of data from different heterogeneous organizations for secondary use. However, it is common for these repositories to be populated from locally designed information systems, which generates inefficient processes that are not reusable in other organizations or projects.
Objective
Design and application of a methodology based on the Detailed Clinical Models (DCM) paradigm for allowing the flexible and harmonized implementation of a real world-data (RWD) repository from two technically and organizationally heterogeneous EHR ecosystems.
Material and methods
First, the DCM paradigm was used for the design of common information objects. Second, a set of clinical archetypes were implemented according to ISO 13606 standard. Third, an OMOP CDM muti-organization repository was implemented for COVID-19 research. Finally, the quality of the data obtained with the aforementioned process was evaluated.
Results
The main result was the proposal of a methodology for obtaining harmonized EHR-derived datasets using clinical archetypes as a convergence mechanism between local organization-dependent EHR designs. In addition, the application of this method also generated a set of reusable implementation results: (1) the catalog of clinical archetypes, (2) the definition of the transformation process from the archetypes to the OMOP CDM model, and (3) the EHR-derived dataset obtained.
Conclusions
The flexibility of the methodology made possible the adoption by two digitally mature tertiary hospitals, without altering the platforms already in place. Likewise, the method is agnostic to organizations, to persistence and exchange standards to be obtained, and to application health conditions. Therefore, it can be concluded that the implemented methodology constitutes an innovative and transferable solution to obtain RWD datasets in an efficient, flexible and reusable way.
Mixed responses of ant assemblages to Carpobrotus spp. and Rattus rattus eradications on a small Mediterranean island
Authors: Blaya Romane , Blight Olivier , Aurelle Sébastien , Ponel Philippe , Buisson Elise
Published: November 2023

Eradication of invasive alien species (IAS) is often proposed to restore invaded ecosystems, with information on subsequent ecosystem recovery key to conservation policies. Although ants perform major ecological functions in the ecosystem, their response to IAS eradication has received relatively little monitoring. This study investigated ant response to Carpobrotus spp. (iceplant) and R. rattus (black rat) eradications on the small Mediterranean island of Bagaud (Var, France). Ant assemblages were monitored over a ten-year period, including two years before eradications, at six different sites, two invaded by Carpobrotus spp., two under high R. rattus pressure, and two control sites. We found inter-annual variations in ant assemblages but no before-after eradication trend at both control and rat eradication sites. However, there was a clear increase in ant species richness and abundance after the Carpobrotus eradication. A trend toward more homogeneous assemblages was observed, with an enhanced core of common Mediterranean ant species. Xerophilous and thermophilous species such as Pheidole pallidula, Messor bouvieri, and Plagiolepis pygmaea were more abundant, consistent with the return of native vegetation communities and possibly warmer and dryer microclimatic conditions. The trend was even stronger on the denser and thicker Carpobrotus eradication patch. Increased ant foraging activity is a good sign of restoration success, influencing different functions of the ecosystem, such as seed dispersal or nutrient cycling.
“A few hot flushes and a bit of dry skin”: Australian women’s knowledge of menopause
Authors: McDermid Fiona , O'Reilly Kate , McInnes Sue , Perks Joanne , Peters Kath
Published: November 2023

Background
Perimenopause and menopause can be accompanied by physical health issues that are known contributors to chronic health conditions such as heart disease, osteoporosis, and oral health problems [1, 2, 3, 4]. It is also a critical phase for the onset of psychological disorders such as depression and anxiety [5, 6, 7]. The number of women in menopause globally is expected to reach 1.1 billion by 2025 [8, 9]. Despite these statistics, there is little education provided to women about menopause consequently, many women have little knowledge and/or do not receive appropriate care in this critical life phase [18].
Aim
This paper stems from a larger mixed methods study that explored Australian women’s knowledge and experiences of perimenopause and menopause. The aim of this paper is to present both qualitative and quantitative findings about Australian women’s knowledge of perimenopause and menopause.
Method
The research was conducted using an equal weighting concurrent mixed methods design. Quantitative data were collected via an anonymous online survey through Qualtrics. The survey was distributed across Australia using social media, local community organisations and menopause support groups. The survey for the larger study was developed using the 23-Item Women’s Health Questionnaire (WHQ) [10] and nine items from the Menopause Knowledge Scale (MKS) originally developed by Appling et al [11] and adapted by Smail et al., [12].
Qualitative data were collected during semi-structured interviews with women interested in further discussing their knowledge of menopause. The interviews were conducted via telephone and were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim.
Results
A total of 412 women completed the quantitative online survey with 25 participating in the semi-structured interviews. The integration of the quantitative and qualitative data provides evidence about the lack of knowledge of perimenopause and menopause and where and how women sourced their information. Most participants in this study had limited knowledge of menopause and their expectations of this phase of their lives differed greatly from the reality they experienced. Significantly, there was no meaningful difference in knowledge scores due to education level which may be reflective of the lack of evidence-based and relevant information available for women. Findings highlighted that valid and evidence-based websites facilitated discussions between women, further enhanced their learning and provided them with emotional and psychological support.
Conclusion
With women living longer in an ageing population, the need for knowledge and management of menopause symptoms will continue to increase. Limited evidenced-based, accurate and reliable information for women experiencing menopausal symptoms can have serious repercussions for their health. and as shown in this study, Ultimately, the stigma of menopause needs to be reduced in society to allow for better health outcomes for women.
Analysis of the Resistance of Small Peptides from Periplaneta americana to Hydrogen Peroxide-induced Apoptosis in KGN Cells based on High-throughput miRNA Sequencing
Authors: Jiang Rong , Sun Ruixian , Tang Yunping , Sui Shiyan
Published: November 2023

Background: Apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells can promote abnormal atresia folliculin and decrease women's reproductive function. MiRNA plays an essential molecular signal-regulating function in ovarian functional development, animal reproductive performances and follicular development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the miRNA molecules and action pathways during the resistance of small peptides from Periplaneta americana (SPPA) resistance to peroxide-induced ovarian granulosa cells (KGN cells) apoptosis.
Results: The study found that 162 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in the blank control group, H2O2 group and H2O2+SPPA group. The intersection of miRNAs between the three groups was determined, through which 13 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. Target gene prediction of differentially expressed miRNAs yielded 4828 target genes. Finally, GO and KEGG analysis were performed on 4828 target genes. The target genes primarily engaged in transcription, DNA template, negative transcriptional regulation of RNA polymerase II promoter, negative regulation of cell proliferation, protein binding, metabolic pathways, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathways. After qRT-PCR verification, expression trends of miR-103a-3p and miR-214 were consistent with sequencing results.
Conclusions: Critical miRNAs have been identified as miR-103a-3p and miR-214 in SPPA resistance to peroxide-induced KGN apoptosis.
Iterative Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics
Authors: Choi Jinho
Published: November 2023

In order to extract governing equations from time-series data, various approaches are proposed. Among those, sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics (SINDy) stands out as a successful method capable of modeling governing equations with a minimal number of terms, utilizing the principles of compressive sensing. This feature, which relies on a small number of terms, is crucial for interpretability. The effectiveness of SINDy hinges on the choice of candidate functions within its dictionary to extract governing equations of dynamical systems. A larger dictionary allows for more terms, enhancing the quality of approximations. However, the computational complexity scales with dictionary size, rendering SINDy less suitable for high-dimensional datasets, even though it has been successfully applied to low-dimensional datasets. To address this challenge, we introduce iterative SINDy in this paper, where the dictionary undergoes expansion and compression through iterations. We also conduct an analysis of the convergence properties of iterative SINDy. Simulation results validate that iterative SINDy can achieve nearly identical performance to SINDy, while significantly reducing computational complexity. Notably, iterative SINDy demonstrates effectiveness with high-dimensional time-series data without incurring the prohibitively high computational cost associated with SINDy.
Detailed Immune Profiling in Pediatric Crohn's Disease Using Methylation Cytometry
Authors: Reynolds Samuel R. , Salas Lucas A. , Chen Ji-Qing , Christensen Brock C.
Published: November 2023

DNA methylation has been extensively utilized to study epigenetic patterns across many diseases as well as to deconvolve blood cell type proportions. This study builds upon previous studies examining methylation patterns in pediatric patients with varying stages of Crohn’s disease to extend the immune profiling of these patients using a novel deconvolution approach. Compared with control subjects, we observed significantly decreased levels of CD4 memory and naive, CD8 naive, and natural killer cells and elevated neutrophil levels in Crohn’s disease. In addition, Crohn’s patients had a significantly elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Using an epigenome-wide association approach and adjusting for potential confounders, including cell type, we observed 397 differentially methylated CpG (DMC) sites associated with Crohn’s disease. The top genetic pathway associated with the DMCs was the regulation of arginine metabolic processes which are involved in the regulation of T cells.
Spontaneous Bowel Perforation in Asymptomatic SARS-COV-2 Patient
Authors: Wijesinghe Vindya
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND
Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are common in SARS-CoV-2 patients. In addition, life-threatening complications have started to report from patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. We are reporting the morbid large bowel perforation in an asymptomatic patient with SARS-CoV- 2.
CASE HISTORY
She was a 52-year-old healthy woman who developed an acute abdomen and developed septic shock before admission. Severe fecal contamination was noted at the time of laparotomy. She was not responded to resuscitative measures and expired after a few hours of admission. Her histology shows features of mesenteric ischemia.
CONCLUSION
SARS-CoV-2 infection is often mild. However, mesenteric ischemia and subsequent complication often develop in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, which require intensive care admissions. Abdominal pain in such patients is frequently taken seriously and further investigated. However, asymptomatic patients with mesenteric ischemia can be diagnosed late, leading to loss of lives.
Lilly Becher, 1901–1978
Authors: Kelletat Andreas F.
Published: November 2023

Lilly Korpus lernte in der Weimarer Republik das Zeitungsmachen. Sie wurde Chefredakteurin der "Arbeiter-Illustrierte-Zeitung". 1933 musste sie ins Exil gehen, zunächst nach Paris, 1935 nach Moskau, wo sie an der Seite Johannes R. Bechers für die "Internationale Literatur" arbeitete. Sie veröffentlichte unter zahlreichen Pseudonymen Übersetzungen literarischer Texte aus dem Englischen, Französischen und Russischen. 1945 kehrte sie nach Berlin zurück und wurde erneut Chefredakteurin einer Illustrierten. Ihr übersetzerisches Tun beschränkte sich auf die Jahre in Moskau, sie war eine reine Exil-Übersetzerin.
Izydor Berman : Auswahlbibliographie
Authors:   UeLEX-Redaktion
Published: November 2023

Die Bibliographie verzeichnet die verschiedenen Ausgaben des von Berman ins Deutsche gebrachten Wittlin-Romans. Alle Angaben sind autoptisch geprüft. Die mehrmals fehlerhafte Schreibung des Übersetzernamens in den verlegerischen Peritexten legt die Vermutung nahe, dass sich die Recherchen der jeweiligen Verlage zum Verbleib des Übersetzers in Grenzen gehalten haben dürften.
Franz Blei, 1871–1942
Authors: Kotte Claudia
Published: November 2023

Franz Blei war einer der umtriebigsten Homme de lettres der ersten drei Jahrzehnte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Vielen bekannt als Autor des "Bestiarium literaricum" und als Entdecker von Robert Musil und Franz Kafka, war er auch ein höchst produktiver Übersetzer und außergewöhnlich kosmopolitischer Geist, der sich konsequent für die Verbreitung europäischer und amerikanischer Literatur in deutscher Übersetzung einsetzte.
Drug Therapies against Acute Respiratory Distress: A Critical Endpoint of COVID-19
Authors: Salama Maha M. , Merghany Rana M. , Zayed Ahmed , Salem Mohamed A. , Ezzat Shahira M.
Published: November 2023

Pulmonary diseases have been increasing for decades, which are responsible
for the high incidence of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Since the year
2019, the world suffers from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which is caused by
SARS-CoV-2 and it was classified as a pandemic respiratory disease by the World
Health Organization (WHO). The problem of this virus is the lack of a medicine or a
specific antivirus drug to combat it, so many approaches have been designed to protect
the patients from its symptoms and side effect and also to raise the human innate
immunity. Consequently, this chapter will provide an overview of herbs and their
derived natural products which have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-microbial activities which might be beneficial for the discovery of structurally-related
compounds that can be candidate therapeutics alleviating the symptoms associated with
acute respiratory diseases.
Impact of 3D Printed Components and Ventilators on COVID-19
Authors: Thomas K.T. , Jacob Lija , Shukla Samiksha
Published: November 2023

The disease caused by a virus known as the novel Coronavirus, also known as “COVID-19” by the public, was classified as a major epidemic by the World Health Organisation in 2019. Each country across the globe is affected by COVID-19. While writing this, over 150 million people were affected by the fast-spreading deadly pandemic, and over 3.5 million deaths due to COVID-19 were reported worldwide as per WHO’s official COVID-19 dash panel-https://covid19.who.int/Economy and social life of no territory on earth was left unaffected by the COVID-19. Now vaccines are ready, it may take a reasonable amount of time to complete the vaccination process. One major challenge was the need for more support equipment like Beds, Oxygen Cylinders, and Ventilators. Improvisation in the mass production of many critical components, especially those supporting 3D printing technology, has shown some well-managed results in handling the shortage of many critical components. This chapter examines and describes how 3D printing technologies were used during the dangerous pandemic. It aims to describe many 3D-printed devices like face masks, face shields, various valves, etc. It also makes an effort to point out the dominant drawbacks of additive manufacturing technology in this area and examines the options for a future pandemic.
Electricity and Lighting Audits at The Bono Pekanbaru Hotel
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Fiqri , Aini Zulfatri
Published: November 2023

Electrical energy is one of the primary sources of energy support in our lives, which is very important in the operation of the hospitality industry, especially in using electronic equipment and air conditioning lighting. Many devices that require electrical energy to operate make energy consumption increase. Therefore, efforts to prevent waste of electricity use need to be made through energy audits as well as energy savings opportunities by performing calculations of Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) values based on historical data of electrical consumption and performing measurements of light intensity on the lighting system available at The Bono Pekanbaru Hotel. Some rooms still exceed the set ECI value, which can be categorized as wasteful energy. It is necessary to do so energy-saving opportunities while on the lighting system based on the measurement of the light intensity carried out in each room, many rooms that do not meet the lighting standards and the basis of the visual still experience evaporation. This requires an energy audit and a lighting audit. On the important lighting system made, upgrade technology with the change of type and power of lighting on lighting will create energy savings in the use of electricity at the Hotel the Bono Pekanbaru and create a bright and comfortable room. Change the currently installed lights into LED lights so that the lighting system available in each room meets the SNI lighting standard 03-6197-2000.
IMPACT OF LAND USE ACTIVITIES ON THE HYDROLOGICAL REGIME IN THE JUNJUNG RIVER BASIN, PENANG ISLAND, MALAYSIA
Authors: Ata Frankie Marcus , Toriman Mohd Ekhwan , Mat Desa Safari , San Liew Yuk , Kamarudin Mohd Khairul Amri
Published: November 2023

Land use activities in the river basin have a very significant negative impact on the hydrological regime, especially surface runoff. The study of the impact of land use activities on the hydrological regime in the Junjung river basin aims to analyse changes in the rate of surface runoff due to current land use changes and land use planning in 2030. To achieve the goal of this study, curve number analysis was used as a determinant of hydrological parameters in the development of HEC HMS modelling in the study basin area. The results of the study found that the current land use in 2020 recorded an average curve number value of 85.77 and then increased to 86.36 in 2030 due to land use changes in 2030. The change in the value of the curve number has had an impact on the hydrological regime that is surface runoff because there is an increase in the percentage of impervious areas from 22.84 percent in 2020 to 31.14 percent by 2030. The rate of change in runoff is shown through the simulation of the peak flow rate that occurs according to the frequency of the event, which is between 0.7 to 4.9 percent. The results obtained from this study can be used as fundamental data for advanced studies of flood control and management for better sustainable flood risk management.
CHANGING EXTREME SEA LEVELS ALONG THE COAST OF MALAYSIA
Authors: Amiruddin Abd Muhaimin , Che Ilias Iszuanie Syafidza , Mohd Dallye Muhamad Kasturi , Abd Manaf Latifah , Mohamed Khairul Nizam
Published: November 2023

This study examined extreme sea level (ESL) variations along the Malaysian coast using hourly sea level data from 17 tide gauge stations. The maximum observed ESLs varied from 1.26 m at Bintulu to 2.92 m at Port Klang, with tides playing a significant role in ESLs, especially along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The spatial variation of seasonal ESLs showed a higher maximum of non-tidal residuals (0.8-1.1 m) along the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia during the northeast monsoon. This can be mainly attributed to the influence of the monsoon wind. Moreover, significant increases in ESLs were observed at 14 stations, largely due to rises in mean sea level. The interannual variability of ESL could be associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation at most sites except the northeast coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Interestingly, the interannual variability of the non-tidal residuals could be linked to the monsoon at sites located on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia. These findings provide valuable insights to relevant authorities for coastal planning, especially regarding flood risk management and the formulation of effective mitigation strategies.
APPLICATION OF A HYBRID CELLULAR AUTOMATON-MARKOV MODEL IN LAND USE CHANGE DETECTION AND PREDICTION IN FLOOD-PRONE AREA, JOHOR, MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohamad Suzani , Ash’aari Zulfa Hanan , Ramli Mohammad Firuz , Abdullah Ramdzani , Mohamed Rehan Balqis
Published: November 2023

Changes in land use can significantly impact natural resource sustainability, socioeconomic activities, and flood risks. Cellular Automata-Markov model (CA-Markov) is utilized in this study to predict land use changes by modeling the spatial dynamics and transitions of land use categories over time in one of the flood-prone area in Segamat district, Johor. Satellite images obtained from Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper and Satellite Pour I’Observation de la Terre (SPOT) 5, 6, and 7 for years 2006, 2011, and 2016 were utilized to assess the magnitude of the land use change via unsupervised and supervised classification. Additionally, ancillary data such as residential, road, water bodies, and slopes were used as input to forecast future land use. The findings revealed that between 2006 to 2026, there was an increase in built-up areas and mixed agriculture up to 26%. The expansion of built-up areas and mixed agricultures involves the removal of forests, further exacerbating flood risks. This fundamental research can provide valuable insights for effective land management and urban planning.
ENVIRONMENTAL FLOW ASSESSMENT MODEL ON SUSTAINABILITY PLANNING STRATEGIES, KENYIR LAKE BASIN, MALAYSIA
Authors: Abd Wahab Noorjima , Kamarudin Mohd Khairul Amri , Al Qassem Amer , Rahayu Mia , Mamat Ahmad Fadhli
Published: November 2023

The study presents the Environmental Flow Assessment (EFA) model on sustainability planning strategies to reduce damage in the main area of Kenyir Lake Basin. The XPSWMM model have been used to simulate the EFA in this study. Based on simulation in the Terengganu River, which has a most effective discharge of 42.78 m3/s with depth on 3.94 m and a water velocity of 0.54 m/s, which are expected to meet the development needs of fish species, the analysis for both study rivers found the minimum river discharge values with the frequency probability in the period of 20 years needs to be maintained. While, based to the simulation in the Petuang River, the maximum discharge is only 0.08 m3/s, the maximum depth is 0.4 m, and the maximum water speed is 0.04 m/s, which is adequate for a small number of small-sized fish species. With output deficiency of less than 20% from an actual situation, the two lowest values later obtained were adopted as input in low flow analysis. A more effective management approach ensures the ecosystem's sustainability and maintains an optimal equilibrium among the many uses. Environmental flows aren't considered a luxury but instead an integral component of contemporary water management given the global misuse of water resources and the resulting degradation of ecosystems and their functions. It is a strategy that requires widespread adoption.
DETERMINANTS OF INVESTMENT TO ATTRACT INVESTMENT IN AFFORDABLE HOUSING PROJECTS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohd Daud Mohd Ariff , Rosly Saiful Azhar , Muhamad Sori Zulkarnain
Published: November 2023

The provision of shelter is a fundamental human right as defined by the maqasid al-shariah hence, the Islamic financial system should give undivided attention by assisting to provide affordable housing. This, however, is relatively hard to do given that market forces dictate property prices that many cannot afford. Unaffordable housing is a serious issue being faced by major cities around the globe, including Malaysia. Naturally, most individuals resort to government assistance, as the issue warrants social and political attention. With limited fiscal capacity, governments have fewer options to build affordable housing. Similarly, private developers will not build houses that are not profitable. One possible solution is to seek investments from institutional investors who, with deep pockets, could resolve this conundrum. This study attempts to investigate factors that motivate institutional investors to invest in affordable housing projects in Malaysia. A qualitative approach was applied to identify six attributes of investments, namely fund structure and mandate, market return, social return, risk mitigation, governance and transparency, and government support. These findings provide valuable insight for policymakers in structuring investment vehicles with the identified attributes, which may attract institutional investors to invest in this initiative.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE ROLE OF URBAN SQUARES’ PATH IN SHAPING THE CITY IMAGE OF PAST AND PRESENT ADMINISTRATIVE CAPITALS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohidin Hazrina Haja Bava , Ming Ng Yi
Published: November 2023

The ‘Dataran’ or urban square has been suffering an identity loss as a result from rapid urbanization despite its significance in shaping the city image. The concept of "city image," often referred to as a city's reputation or perception. Even though numerous studies had address different contribution of an urban square, there is only limited information that addresses its role in shaping city image, especially in relation to administrative capital in Malaysia. This paper is vital as it intends to provide emphasis to the actual role of the urban square once again. This study aims to examine the role of urban squares’ path in shaping the city image through observable analysis on past and present administrative capitals in Malaysia; Dataran Merdeka, Kuala Lumpur and Dataran Putra, Putrajaya. The observable analysis will draw attention to two subject matters of paths; Clarity of Access Linkages and Directional Quality. Comparison will be made and the urban square that shows a stronger role in shaping the city image will be determined. Conclusively, it is found out that the urban square with higher clarity in the access linkages and strong directional quality are prone to show stronger role in shaping the city image. Based on the observable analysis, Dataran Putra shows a stronger role in shaping a city image as almost 100% of its’ paths shows clarity in its’ access linkages and form a strong directional quality due to its radial alignment.
Presencialidad remota: Un guiño a la autonomía universitaria en Argentina
Authors: Rinaldi Sebastian
Published: November 2023

La pandemia del Covid-19 impactó en el sistema de educación superior forzando a todas las universidades a virtualizar sus actividades académicas. En este contexto, las instituciones lograron un acopio de experiencias en la enseñanza mediada por tecnologías de la información y la comunicación que, en condiciones habituales, no se podría haber logrado debido al estricto marco legal que regulaba el dictado de carreras a distancia en Argentina. Sin embargo, a dos años del comienzo de una crisis sanitaria, social y económica sin precedentes, las autoridades educativas nacionales introdujeron un nuevo término en el entramado normativo, el de presencialidad remota, que modificó el enfoque sobre la educación a distancia vigente. En este trabajo se examina el significado de este concepto y sus implicancias para el desarrollo futuro del sistema universitario. Metodológicamente, el estudio se enfoca en el análisis de la normativa sobre educación a distancia en el ámbito local durante las últimas décadas. Como conclusión, se advierte que las recientes modificaciones amplían los márgenes de autonomía universitaria para la planificación de la oferta formativa, promoviendo el desarrollo de múltiples aspectos de la gestión académica.
Stroke Survivors’ Interaction With Hand Rehabilitation Devices: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wodu Chioma Obinuchi , Sweeney Gillian , Slachetka Milena , Kerr Andrew
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

The hand is crucial for carrying out activities of daily living as well as social interaction. Functional use of the upper limb is affected in up to 55% to 75% of stroke survivors 3 to 6 months after stroke. Rehabilitation can help restore function, and several rehabilitation devices have been designed to improve hand function. However, access to these devices is compromised in people with more severe loss of function.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to observe stroke survivors with poor hand function interacting with a range of commonly used hand rehabilitation devices.

METHODS

Participants were engaged in an 8-week rehabilitation intervention at a technology-enriched rehabilitation gym. The participants spent 50-60 minutes of the 2-hour session in the upper limb section at least twice a week. Each participant communicated their rehabilitation goals, and an Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) was used to measure and categorize hand function as poor (scores of 0-9), moderate (scores of 10-56), or good (score of 57). Participants were observed during their interactions with 3 hand-based rehabilitation devices that focused on hand rehabilitation: the GripAble, NeuroBall, and Semi-Circular Peg Board. Observations of device interactions were recorded for each session.

RESULTS

A total of 29 participants were included in this study, of whom 10 (34%) had poor hand function, 17 (59%) had moderate hand function, and 2 (7%) had good hand function. There were no differences in the age and years after stroke among participants with poor hand function and those with moderate (P=.06 and P=.09, respectively) and good (P=.37 and P=.99, respectively) hand function. Regarding the ability of the 10 participants with poor hand function to interact with the 3 hand-based rehabilitation devices, 2 (20%) participants with an ARAT score greater than 0 were able to interact with the devices, whereas the other 8 (80%) who had an ARAT score of 0 could not. Their inability to interact with these devices was clinically examined, and the reason was determined to be a result of either the presence of (1) muscle tone or stiffness or (2) muscle weakness.

CONCLUSIONS

Not all stroke survivors with impairments in their hands can make use of currently available rehabilitation technologies. Those with an ARAT score of 0 cannot actively interact with hand rehabilitation devices, as they cannot carry out the hand movement necessary for such interaction. The design of devices for hand rehabilitation should consider the accessibility needs of those with poor hand function.