bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnocultural Content of Household Vocabulary (Based on the Materials of Kazakh, Karakalpak, Kyrgyz Languages)
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Sagidolda G. , Zhylkybay G. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Kuttimuratova Y. ,   PhD, Associate Professorof Nukus State Pedagogical Institute
Published: October 2022

The language is not only used in communication activities, but also reflects the centuries-old experience, the spiritual world, the system of values and the wisdom of the native-speaking people. Therefore, in the construction of the vocabulary and grammatical structure of the language, all the achievements of human thought, observations and experience of generations of ancestors are recorded, preserved and transmitted to descendants. Especially the axiological and cognitive significance of the lexical fund of the language. Undoubtedly, in the treasury of the Kazakh, Karakalpak, Kyrgyz languages, which are closely related to each other, there is a vocabulary common not only for these languages, but also for the Turkic languages as a whole. At the same time, in order to reveal lexico-semantic commonalities and features between these languages, the nature of vocabulary, ethno-linguistic function, it is important to study the entire vocabulary, classifying it into lexico-thematic groups. Thematically grouped lexical units in the Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Karakalpak languages give a clear answer to the few features in the distinctive cultures of these peoples. Changes in lifestyle, living conditions of the population, as well as spiritual life, daily life and other factors have a direct impact on the lexical fund of the language. Dialects are common in the languages of the Kipchak group. Some of the words are inherent only in a certain dialect. Some of them have been preserved as ancient Turkic lexical units. To identify and study such words, very valuable data from the point of view of semantic material is offered. In teaching everyday vocabulary of Kazakh, Karakalpak, Kyrgyz languages, in addition, the data of the Mongolian, Altai languages represent a number of valuable facts. Of interest is the study of the layer of ancient Turkic vocabulary in the languages of the Kipchak group. Household vocabulary differs in that it can offer rich material for studying the history of the Kazakh, Karakalpak, Kyrgyz languages, as well as the ethnogenesis of each nation. Household vocabulary differs in that it can offer rich material for studying the history of the Kazakh, Karakalpak, Kyrgyz languages, as well as the ethnogenesis of each nation. The article is devoted to the comparative study of the everyday vocabulary of the Kazakh, Karakalpak, Kyrgyz languages in the synchronous aspect.
RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION IN COMMERCIAL BANKS BRANCHES IN MACHAKOS SUB COUNTY
Authors: Masya Mercy , Wamitu Susan , Weru Jane
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The implementation of strategies in Commercial Banks in Kenya has been experiencing numerous challenges and only 37% of the strategies are considered to be successfully implemented. Internal constraints during strategy implementation include poor resource allocation. The objective of this study was to establish the effect of resource allocation on strategy implementation in Commercial Banks Branches in Machakos Sub County.

Methodology: Descriptive research design was used in this study. The target population of the study was 253 staff working in the top level management, middle level management and low level management in the fourteen Commercial Banks based in Machakos Sub County. Since the population of the top level management in the 14 branches is small, a census was utilized. The study adopted stratified and simple random sampling techniques in the selection of 30 per cent of staff in middle level management and low level management of each bank. The study utilized primary data, which was collected by use of questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analysing the quantitative data with the help of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 24) statistical software. Descriptive statistics included frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation. Inferential statistics included correlation and regression analysis. The results were presented in pie charts and tables.

Findings: The study found that resource allocation has a significant effect on strategy implementation in Commercial Banks Branches in Machakos Sub County

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The findings of this study support the Resource Based View Theory which argues that strategic resources have the potential to deliver comparative advantage to a firm. As a regulator, the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) should come up with policies to guide the allocation and utilization of resources during strategy implementation so as to protect investors in the commercial banks in Kenya. The study recommends that the management of Commercial Banks’ Branches in Machakos Sub County should ensure timely and adequate allocation of resources in order to ensure that the set objectives are achieved within the set budget during strategy implementation.
Murabahah Funding Structure As Alternative Instrument For Islamic Financial Application
Authors: Arsyad Kamaruddin , Rum Muhammad , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: October 2022

Financing is an activity that is very important because with financing will be obtained the main source of income and become a supporting business continuity of the bank. Conversely, if the management is not good it will cause problems and the bank's business will cease. Therefore it is necessary to have a good Islamic financing management so that distribution and / or in this case financing to customers can be effective and efficient in accordance with the objectives of the company and the Islamic law itself. This paper tries to explain how the concept of Islamic finance management in the Murabahah application review itself so that it is expected that both the writer and the community can better understand the policies in Islamic finance management. The policy in Murabahah funding is very important from buying and selling and the principle of the contract, because this is done by the financing agent itself and is not related to buying and selling murabahah itself. Thus the policy standard in murabahah needs to be a cautious attitude, in determining, controlling, and collecting
EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN E-COURT SEMASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PENGADILAN AGAMA SORONG
Authors: Thaba Suryani , Hamzah Hamzah , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: October 2022

Situasi pandemi Covid-19 yang tengah dialami seluruh warga dunia membatasi segala aktivitas dan interaksi masyarakat secara langsung, termasuk di antaranya aktivitas peradilan. Akan   tetapi, dalam   sistem   peradilan   era   modern   di   Indonesia, terdapat   e-Court   yang memungkinkan aktivitas peradilan tanpa harus bertatap muka. Berangkat dari hal tersebut, penelitian ini berusaha mencari tahu bagaimana efektivitas pelaksanaan e-Court semasa pandemi Covid-19 di Pengadilan Agama Sorong. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian hukum empiris/yuridis sosiologis dengan pendekatan sosiologi hukum. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan e-Court di Pengadilan Agama Sorong walaupun meningkat penggunaannya di tahun

2020 akan tetapi masih belum efektif. Pelaksanaannya hanya sebatas administrasi perkara meliputi e-Filing (pendaftaran perkara secara elektronik), e-Payment (pembayaran panjar biaya perkara elektronik) dan e-Summons (pemanggilan secara elektronik), sementara untuk e-Litigation atau persidangan secara elektronik pelaksanaannya masih sangat minim. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah   bahwa   Pengadilan   Agama   Sorong   perlu   melakukan   sosialisasi   secara   utuh   dan komprehensif terkait adanya e-Court termasuk di dalamnya e-Litigasi, menyediakan hotline bagi masyarakat yang ingin beracara dengan e-Court, merekrut SDM yang mumpuni, dan terakhir bagi Hakim Pengadilan Agama Sorong, untuk lebih membiasakan diri kepada acara persidangan secara elektronik.
PERAN AKTIF HAKIM DALAM PERKARA SENGKETA WARIS DI PENGADILAN AGAMA SORONG
Authors: Wardiana Abdul Malik
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari tau seberapa besar peran aktif yang dilakukan oleh Hakim dalam praktik penyelesaian perkara sengketa waris di Pengadilan Agama Sorong. Dikarenakan sengketa dalam pembagian harta waris dapat terjadi kepada siapapun serta dapat memberi dampak negatif seperti putusnya hubungan silaturahim, terjadinya pertengkaran, bahkan pembunuhan. Hal itu disebabkan oleh pengaruh harta yang dapat melalaikan seseorang. Oleh karena itu Hakim dalam memeriksa perkara sengketa waris di Pengadilan Agama harus dapat memberi solusi terkait permasalahan ini yaitu dengan berperan aktif dalam memeriksa, mengadili dan menyelesaikan perkara di antara para pihak dengan cepat dan tepat dengan tetap berpedoman pada peraturan hukum yang berlaku. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris, adapun sumber data yang digunakan yaitu studi pustaka, wawancara, observasi dan telaah dokumen putusan pengadilan, berita acara sidang dan peraturan-peraturan yang berkaitan. Peran Aktif Hakim dalam perkara sengketa waris di Pengadilan Agama Sorong terdapat pada beberapa tahapan yaitu pra-persidangan, sidang pertama, mediasi dan sidang lanjutan sampai pada putusan akhir. Peran tersebut antara lainnya seperti aktif memeriksa berkas perkara kemudian memberi saran perbaikan, aktif memberikan nasihat kepada para pihak agar dapat menyelesaikan masalahnya secara damai dan kekeluargaan, aktif memberikan solusi terkait pemecahan masalah pada tahap mediasi, aktif menenangkan suasasa ketika terjadi keributan dalam persidangan maupun mediasi, dan lain sebagainya.
PERAN DINAS PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DAN PERLINDUNGAN ANAK DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEREMPUAN SUKU ASLI PAPUA DI KOTA SORONG
Authors: Hujriman Hujriman , Takina Magfirah
Published: October 2022

Nowadays, the existence of women should not be underestimated because their presence in various fields ranging from political, economical, and social sectors shows that they play an important role in the development of a country. However, many women still experience discrimination and are seen as subordinate to men. It is an obstacle for women to empower themselves. In Sorong, the local culture tends to prioritize men.  In the traditional Papuan marriage culture, a man pays a certain nominal when proposing a woman, making him think he has bought the Papuan woman so that he has the right to act arbitrarily and even resort to violence. This study aims to investigate the role of the Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection in improving the quality of indigenous Papuan women and the inhibiting and supporting factors in carrying out its role. The research used a descriptive qualitative method with an empirical juridical approach. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation.

The findings show that the roles of the Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection in improving the quality of Papuan women are divided into two stages: skill training and motivation (through socialization). The inhibiting factors include, first, the budget is often disbursed too late, so it slows down every program that has been designed, and second, societies’ participation. The supporting factors were, first, the government policy, and second, the budget.
O reflexo dos índices financeiros para o desenvolvimento dos resultados esportivos: uma análise comparativa do Grêmio Foot-ball Porto Alegrense e Sport Club Internacional
Authors: Linhares Débora Colombo , Bitencourt Iago Ribeiro , Lemos Luiz Fernando Branco
Published: October 2022

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar se a situação econômica e financeira do Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense e do Sport Club Internacional no período de 2014 á 2018 possuem reflexos em seu desempenho futebolístico. Classifica-se como qualitativa e de caráter descritivo, desta forma, foi realizado um estudo de caso através da correlação entre os principais indicadores econômicos e financeiros e o resultado futebolístico, apontando que os indicadores: de geração de caixa das atividades de investimento e os de geração de caixa nas atividades de financiamento possuem significativa correlação. Enquanto que os índices de endividamento e de participação de capital de terceiros possuem correlação inversa que explicou o desempenho esportivo. Comprova-se, através deste estudo e análises realizadas, que uma boa situação econômica e financeira traz consigo um melhor desempenho futebolístico, assim como a má situação econômica e financeira traz um pior desempenho.
Reasons for leaving treatment among patients with opioid dependence: A 3-month prospective follow-up study
Authors: Singh, DM Virendra Vikram , Sarkar, MD Siddharth , Chadda, MD Rakesh Kumar , Mishra, PhD Ashwani Kumar , Dhawan, MD Anju
Published: October 2022

Objective: This study aimed to ascertain the reasons why patients with opioid dependence leave treatment.Design: Prospective follow-up observational study.Setting: This study was carried out at a tertiary care substance use treatment facility in north India with both outpatient and inpatient services. The facility is a public-funded institution.Participants: One hundred and twenty opioid-dependent male patients with age 18 years or more who were willing to provide a valid telephone number for follow-up and willing to consent for the study were included.Main outcome measure(s): Enquiries were made using the Reasons to Leave Treatment Questionnaire (RLTQ) and an open-ended question about why the patient left treatment.Results: As per the RLTQ, the most common reasons for patients with opioid dependence leaving treatment were in the domains of external influence, motivational inconsistencies, and problem severity. Logistic problem was another issue that was highlighted by the patients. On open-ended question, the most common reason for leaving treatment pertained to feeling that one has improved and does not need treatment. Baseline characteristics that predicted patients leaving treatment were not being prescribed buprenorphine at discharge, not being formally educated, and living alone or in a nuclear family.Conclusion: Several factors may lead to patients with opioid dependence leaving treatment prematurely after receiving inpatient care. Addressing these reasons might help to better retain patients in treatment and improve their outcomes.
Mind(ing) the Gap
Authors: Lefebvre Martin
Published: October 2022

The author’s purpose in this chapter is twofold: first to define special
effects, and second to exploit this definition to reconsider how Charles
S. Peirce’s conceptions of iconicity and especially indexicality can help
us logically account for some of the issues that pertain to representation
in the cinema. The author wishes to show how Peirce’s concepts not only
remain viable for thinking about cinema but also offer a powerful tool for
critically analyzing images. The argument is weaved around the notion of
‘gap,’ of which various instances are taken into consideration — whether
the space between film frames or the gap between ‘film world’ and real
world, that between fiction and fact, or between filmmaking and film
viewing, as well as that which distinguishes iconicity and indexicality.
Black Magic: The “Space Between the
Frames” in Cinematic Special Effects
Authors: Crafton Donald
Published: October 2022

“Special effects” is not simply an addition to the cinema system; it is
integral to cinema. The fundamental concept involves the mechanical
nature of cinematography, the phenomenology of the experience of film,
and the implications for theories of film and theories of animation. The
history of explosions as an effect is considered. The essay explores the
heuristics of the “naught,” the “space between frames,” and the “interval”
in the magic performances of Georges Méliès, the editing of Edwin S.
Porter, and the writings of Henri Bergson, Sergei Eisenstein, Dziga Vertov,
and Norman McLaren
The Effect of Miracles and the Miracle
of Effects : Bazin’s Faith in Evolution
Authors: Andrew Dudley
Published: October 2022

Special camera effects such as superimpositions, by their absence in
Dreyer’s Ordet as much as by their bold presence in Hitchcock’s The
Wrong Man, crystallize the chemical constitution, as it were, of film,
making it clear that in its molecular makeup and in varying ratios, cinema
binds realism to magic, evidence to illusion, and document to poetry.
There must be a ‘process’ by which the standard registration of straight
cinematography is transcended by the apparent miracle achieved by
the effect. A materialist approach to film history would calculate its
evolution by tracing the improvements in both realism and effects realized
progressively film after film, year after year. But an aesthetic attitude can
discount this linear progression and see in a miraculous film like Ordet a
throwback strategy that insinuates miracles by primitive techniques of
lighting and sound. Comparing Ordet, The Wrong Man, and Bresson’s A
Man Escaped, all made within a year of each other and all discussed by
Bazin and Godard, one can recognize a spectrum of ‘faiths’ in the image
and in art. Decades later, Godard’s Histoire(s) du Cinéma subsumes such
films and the beliefs they engendered within a videographic essay where
superimposition is omnipresent and not special at all.
‘Going Home is One Thing This Lot of Blockheads Can’t Do’: Unhomely Renovations on The Block
Authors: Jeffery Ella
Published: October 2022

The Block (2003–2004; 2010–) exemplifies Australia’s fixation on home renovation. Renovation programmes are a reality television sub-genre characterized by excess, artifice, and questions of property and possession – also key concerns of the Gothic. The Block’s renovations appear homely: the goal is to produce more comfortable, more stylish, more suitable homes. Following Sigmund Freud’s assertion that homeliness inevitably gives rise to the unhomely, I argue that renovation on The Block is an unhomely process in which the unprepossessing suburban houses under renovation become labyrinthine counterfeits of the Australian dream of home ownership, where contestants encounter spectres of bankruptcy and housing insecurity, and undergo endlessly repeated cycles of claustrophobia and crisis that return to haunt them even after the programme has ended.
From the City to the Sea
Authors: Stein Emma Natalya
Published: October 2022

The riverside city of Kanchi, South India, was a major commercial center,
royal capital, and holy destination during the eighth through thirteenth
centuries. Praised as a jewel in early Tamil literature, Kanchi’s Palar River,
and its tributary Vegavathi, provided the lifeblood of the city. However,
today the Palar is dry and the Vegavathi is a polluted drainage route.
Consequently, the settlements in Kanchi’s vast suburban expanse have
become remote, disconnected villages—a network of stone temples is all
that survives as testament to each place’s former prosperity. This chapter
argues that the rivers contributed to Kanchi’s urbanization process in the
premodern period, and that the rivers’ deterioration in recent centuries
has contributed to the disappearance of places that previously thrived.
The Political Economy of Banjarmasin’s River Landscape during the Sultanate Period (1526–1860)
Authors: Damayanti Vera D.
Published: October 2022

Banjarmasin, the capital of South Kalimantan Province, is known in
Indonesia as the city of a thousand rivers. Situated on a fluvial plain
and close to the mouth of the Barito River, Banjarmasin’s landscape was
transformed as a result of interaction between the physical environment
and human actions. This chapter explores the landscape changes
in Banjarmasin during the Sultanate period (1526–1860) that came about
because of warfare, contacts with foreign traders, and the division of
the territory under the treaties with the Dutch. The creation of space for
political, economic, and settlement functions combined with the riverine
and tidal swamp environment defined the development of the city, making
it different from the other coastal port cities of Indonesia.
Recovering the Stream
Authors: Guahk Youngah
Published: October 2022

This chapter looks at the contestation over river access in an industrial
city of South Korea. In the city of Suwon, a small stream had been covered
with concrete in the context of rapid economic development during the
1990s—a decision taken in order to facilitate additional road construction.
A decision that was originally uncontested, indeed welcomed by
local business, did eventually generate an environmental and societal
backlash, leading to the restoration of access to the stream. Beyond this,
the experience had wide-ranging repercussions for local politics and
the identity of the city. This chapter discusses the way in which access
to the river became a key issue in local politics and ultimately led to the
transformation of Suwon into a recognized eco-city.
Reflections
Authors: Fong Siao Yuong
Published: October 2022

This epilogue accounts for the time that has passed since the ethnographies.
Using materials from in-depth interviews conducted between 2018
and 2020, I reflect on the implications of how audience power is shifting
from the background to the foreground in producers’ articulations and
revisit the idea of audiences as affective superaddressee in the context
of increasing digitalization and audience fragmentation.
Glottonyms, Identity, and Language Recognition in the Eastern Tibetosphere
Authors: Suzuki Hiroyuki
Published: October 2022

This chapter examines issues of language naming and language recognition
practised by local Tibetans and scholars in the eastern Tibetosphere and
discusses how and why Tibetans border their various speeches actively by
naming them in various ways. It focuses on three cases: ‘Tibetic’, ‘logs-skad’,
and ‘mixed language’ as separate instantiations of language recognition.
Firstly, the term ‘Tibetic’ triggers controversy both amongst linguists and
between linguists and the Tibetan community. Secondly, the use of the
Tibetan term ‘logs-skad’ marks the recognition of unintelligible speeches
to mainstream Tibetans. Thirdly, the label of ‘mixed language’ can be a
crucial part of speakers’ identity. The chapter argues that linguists have a
responsibility to balance their commitments to specifĳicity with Tibetans’
practice of naming languages.
Borders: In Conclusion
Authors: Hyslop Gwendolyn
Published: October 2022

Like the Berlin Wall, borders have been known to inculcate pain and
sufffering, potentially trickling down across generations. Some borders are
less salient, and their efffects less obvious, but they are notable catalysts of
change nonetheless. This fĳinal chapter summarizes how religion, education,
names, and literacy have featured as bordering forces in shaping
language and language change across the greater Tibetan Plateau.
Mass (Mediating) Incarceration
Authors: Flamand Lee A.
Published: October 2022

What is mass incarceration? What does it have to do with mass media and popular culture? This chapter synthesizes some of the most influential lines of research on mass incarceration and ties its rise over the second half of the 20th century to racialized representations of crime, policing, and punishment. It traces the development of genres which routinely pit hardened police or aggrieved white vigilantes against the so-called dangerous classes. I argue that these conventions tended to both energize and legitimize the punitive turn in criminal justice policy, coalescing into a hegemonic representational mode I call “punitive realism.” I end by ruminating on popular media’s potential to not only reinforce but also unsettle these racialized spectacles of crime and punishment.
How Does Violent Spectacle Appear as TV Realism? Sources of OZ’s Penal Imaginary
Authors: Flamand Lee A.
Published: October 2022

OZ is widely regarded as the first fictional American TV drama to explore the opaque back-stages of the criminal justice system. Celebrated for its ostensible “realism,” the series utilizes the hyper-mediated cultural form of the prison as a site which self-consciously generates and puts into circulation stories and images of grotesque and nightmarish violence in order to repeatedly transgress the boundaries of televisual decorum. It therefore ends up reinforcing TV’s reliance upon spectacle and, in the process, reifies the prison’s own most naturalized claims to legitimate institutional reproduction. However, its tendency to constantly recycle increasingly strange figures through repeating cycles of narrative decline ultimately explodes its own sense of realism, rendering the very notion hauntingly bizarre in the process.
Afterword: Between Chinese Exceptionalism and Modern Fiscal State-building
Authors: Kang Jin-A
Published: October 2022

Chapter 10 belongs to the concluding part of the book that contains an
overview of fiscal state-building efforts in modern Guangdong and a
general evaluation of the experience of Guangdong in the context of
China’s process of financial modernization. As reviewing the experience
of Guangdong, the modern fiscal state-building efforts should not be
judged a success or a failure based solely on the standpoint of the central
government. Despite a few features underpinning China’s exceptionalism,
the Chinese experience in the fiscal state-building beginning in the
mid-nineteenth century was a process of convergence with the modern
model in the rest of the world. Modern nation-building was strategically
promoted as part of its catch-up development.
Conclusions
Authors: Toreno Elisabetta
Published: October 2022

This book has mapped the aesthetic and conceptual characteristics of fifteenthcentury
Netherlandish and Italian individual female portraiture on panel. These
images represent the early modern form of the genre, stimulated by the sociopolitical
rise of a new entrepreneurial oligarchy. The power structure of this
oligarchy was androcentric. Thus, these portraits are also a window into women’s
lives in this structure. This book is the first systematic study of their sign-system,
and the feminine experience of seeing and being seen within the patriarchal
matrix. This conclusive chapter summarises my findings with further clarifications
when appropriate. Its coda is a new interpretation of the iconic Arnolfini double
portrait. This panel symbolises early Netherlandish portraiture at its best but also
portrays an Italian couple. Its technical and iconographical merits combine the
lavishness and sobriety of Italian and Netherlandish cultures. Perhaps it tells a
marital story that is yet to be deciphered. It is therefore the fitting synthesis of
everything discussed hitherto.
Introduction
Authors: Toreno Elisabetta
Published: October 2022

With one hundred and thirty portraits, this book traces the aesthetic and conceptual
conditions of fifteenth-century Netherlandish and Italian individual female
portraiture on panels. Their unprecedented quantity and characteristics signal
the genre’s modernisation in European visual culture. Their provenance, both
cultural and territorial, betrays relations with a new estate that was especially
advanced in the urbanised regions of central-northern Italy and Flanders, and
that rose to visibility from entrepreneurial capital. The androcentric organisation
of powers, upon which societies operated across Europe, suited this new estate
to an extent that deepened the gender dynamics of its patriarchal foundations.
This book studies the relationship between life and imaging of women during this
epochal moment in the European history. Its introductory chapter surveys the
history of the genre until the fifteenth century and evaluates critically the studies
on the subject. It explains the premise, method, and structure of the enquiry. It
ends with technical clarifications.
Difference of Probability and Information Entropy for Skills Classification and Prediction in Student Learning
Authors: Ehimwenma Kennedy Efosa , Sharji Safiya Al , Raheem Maruf
Published: October 2022

The probability of an event is in the range of [0, 1]. In a sample space S, the value of probability determines whether an outcome is true or false. The probability of an event Pr(A) that will never occur = 0. The probability of the event Pr(B) that will certainly occur = 1. This makes both events A and B thus a certainty. Furthermore, the sum of probabilities Pr(E1) + Pr(E2) + … + Pr(En) of a finite set of events in a given sample space S = 1. Conversely, the difference of the sum of two probabilities that will certainly occur is 0. Firstly, this paper discusses Bayes’ theorem, then complement of probability and the difference of probability for occurrences of learning-events, before applying these in the prediction of learning objects in student learning. Given the sum total of 1; to make recommendation for student learning, this paper submits that the difference of argMaxPr(S) and probability of student-performance quantifies the weight of learning objects for students. Using a dataset of skill-set, the computational procedure demonstrates: i) the probability of skill-set events that has occurred that would lead to higher level learning; ii) the probability of the events that has not occurred that requires subject-matter relearning; iii) accuracy of decision tree in the prediction of student performance into class labels; and iv) information entropy about skill-set data and its implication on student cognitive performance and recommendation of learning [1].
A Systematic Review of Games for Learning Chinese
Authors: MAKSIMOVA Angelina
Published: October 2022

Education has become more digitalised, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic, and learning Chinese language is not an exception. Educational games, some of them based on artificial intelligence, have been designed for learning languages. This systematic review aims to examine recent (from 2017 to 2022) research published in Science Direct and Scopus databases on the use and impact of educational games, specifically in Chinese language learning. The in-depth review of 28 studies shows that games are effective tools for Chinese learning that impact students’ motivation, self-efficacy progress, and learning satisfaction. However, more in-depth research should measure this impact.
Viability of supercapacitors for energy storage to mitigate renewable energy sources intermittency
Authors:   , Thakoordeen Renesh Rajan
Published: October 2022

Energy storage is seen as a solution to assist in the integration of renewable energy by meeting intermittency. Such energy sources suffer from the widely known obstacle of intermittency. To overcome this issue, a formidable energy storage system is required. While large scale energy storage systems such as pumped-storage schemes and compressed air energy storage systems exist, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power use batteries as a form of energy storage. Additionally, these large scale energy storage systems suffer from a number of drawbacks such as specific location and geophysical requirements. Photovoltaic arrays and wind turbines almost exclusively use batteries as the preferred method of energy storage. Recent years has seen a surge in the advancement of supercapacitor technology. The two main characteristics of supercapacitors are: high power density and low charging time. This has drawn considerable attention to the technology and has thus been implemented in electric buses and hand tools. Other desirable characteristics, as compared to electrochemical batteries, include: smaller weight; lifespan and fewer toxic materials. The last characteristic mentioned is of notable concern since lead-acid batteries are known to emit dangerous gases such as hydrogen and also use sulphuric acid and lead in their production which can lead to laryngeal carcinoma. Latest developments have seen an increase in the overall capacitance (and decrease in cost price) of supercapacitors which may allow supercapacitors to be used as energy storage system, either in a stand-alone or hybrid capacity or both. This study attempts to prove that supercapacitors can replace electrochemical batteries on a domestic scale through simulation where the number of supercapacitors required to supply a domestic load for 24 hours is determined. The time required to charge these supercapacitors is also ascertained. However, it was found that supercapacitor technology is limited to smaller applications or a hybrid design working in conjunction with batteries as protection surge currents.
The Wage Factors of Indonesian Work Erin Japan
Authors: AlAnshori Norma Risydan , Prasetyani Dwi , Daerobi Akhmad
Published: October 2022

Opportunities to work abroad with high wages are a driving factor for Indonesian workers to work abroad. The state of Japan is one of the goals of the Indonesian people to work in exchange for a fairly high wage. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the wage level of Indonesian workers working in Japan in 2020. This study uses seven independent variables, namely gender, age, education level, work experience, type of work, training, and certification. While the dependent variable is the level of wages of Indonesian workers working in Japan. The type of data used in this study is primary data, the analytical method used in this study is cross section data regression analysis. The data regression analysis method used is Ordinary Least Square (OLS) which is the most appropriate panel data regression model. Based on the results of the effect validity test or t test, that there are three variables that have a significant effect on the wage level of Indonesian workers working in Japan, namely education, experience and training variables with appositive influence.
Effects of Realistic Mathematics Education on Students’ Academic Performance
Authors: Patullayeva Khurshida Nodirovna
Published: October 2022

This study presents a learning experiment characterized by a sequence of actions based on the use of realistic mathematical education in teaching mathematics. The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference in student performance in mathematics after the introduction of realistic mathematics education and traditional education. The research was conducted with 43 students attending the 7th grade of lyceum “Bilim-Innovation” for girls in the city of Shymkent in the fourth semester of the 2021-2022 academic year. According to the scores obtained from the pre-test at the beginning of experiment and the post-test made after the application, it is seen that the lesson taught according to the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach is significantly more effective than the traditional teaching approach among the achievements of the experimental and control groups. This study also discusses the theoretical basis of the intervention and proposes theoretical reasons for choosing Realistic Mathematics Education theory.
PENGUJIAN TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM INDUSTRI PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Hani Krisnawati  , Kusmanto Kusmanto  , Purnomo Y.A
Published: October 2022

Since the establishment of the COVID-19 pandemic, the mining industry has had a declining stock performance. This is especially the case for demand from the largest segment for the mining industry in Indonesia, namely China, India, and the Philippines, which has decreased due to the lockdown. In connection with this, it becomes an urgency to test the factors that can affect stock prices. Based on this, this study aims to examine the effect of the current ratio and return on equity on stock prices. The population in this study are mining industry companies listed on the IDX during 2016-2020. The research was conducted using purposive sampling method, as many as 15 companies that met the criteria. The analysis technique in this study is multiple linear regression analysis with the least square method. The results showed that partially the current ratio and return on equity had a positive and significant effect on stock prices.
Pengaruh Kepemilikan Manajerial, Modal intelektual, Struktur Modal Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Profitabilitas sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Yuli Angraini  , Fasridon Fasridon
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of managerial ownership, intellectual capital, capital structure on firm value with profitability as an intervening variable. The population used in this study are manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) 2018-2022. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling and data management using SPSS 16. This type of research is a research with a quantitative approach. The analytical method used is multiple regression analysis. The research results obtained based on the partial test (t test) obtained: (a) Managerial Ownership does not partially have a significant effect on Profitability (b) Intellectual Capital partially has a significant effect on Profitability (c) Capital Structure partially has a significant effect on Profitability. (d) Managerial Ownership partially has a significant effect on Firm Value, (e) Intellectual Capital partially does not have a significant effect on Firm Value (f) Capital Structure partially has a significant effect on Firm Value. (g) While for the results of intervening variables using path analysis test shows that managerial ownership and capital structure have a significant effect on firm value through profitability but intellectual capital cannot significantly affect firm value through profitability.
Determination of the chemical equator from GEOS-Chem model simulation: a focus on the Tropical Western Pacific region
Authors: Sun Xiaoyu , Palm Mathias , Notholt Justus , Müller Katrin
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The Tropical Western Pacific (TWP) is an active interhemispheric transport region that contributes significantly to global stratosphere-troposphere exchange. We developed a method called Chemical Equator based on model simulations of a virtual passive tracer to analyze atmospheric transport in the tropics, with a focus on the TWP region. We compare the chemical equator to common indicators of transportation such as tropical rain belts and wind fields. We obtained a vertical pattern of interhemispheric transport processes from the model's three-dimensional output.
Hysteresis in permeability evolution simulated for a sandstone by mineral precipitation and dissolution
Authors: Wetzel Maria , Kempka Thomas , Kühn Michael
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Mineral dissolution and precipitation can substantially affect rock permeability, which is a critical parameter for a broad range of geological subsurface applications. Virtual experiments on digital pore-scale samples represent a powerful and flexible approach to understand the impact of microstructural alterations on evolving hydraulic rock behaviour and quantify trends in permeability. In the present study, porosity-permeability relations are simulated for a precipitation-dissolution cycle within a typical reservoir sandstone. A hysteresis in permeability is observed depending on the geochemical process and dominating reaction regime, whereby permeability of the six investigated reaction paths varies by more than two orders of magnitude at a porosity of 17 %. Controlling parameters for this hysteresis phenomenon are the closure and re-opening of micro-scale flow channels, derived from changes in pore throat diameter and connectivity of the pore network. In general, a transport-limited regime exhibits a stronger impact on permeability than a reaction-limited regime, which uniformly alters the pore space. In case of mineral precipitation, higher permeability reduction results from successive clogging of pore throats, whereas in case of dissolution, permeability significantly increases due to a widening of existing flow paths. Both, the geochemical process and dominating reaction regime govern characteristic microstructural alterations, which cannot be simply reversed by the inversion of the geochemical processes itself. Hence, permeability evolution clearly depends on the hydrogeochemical history of the sample.
Sensitivity of aerosol optical depth trends using long-term measurements of different sun photometers
Authors: Karanikolas Angelos , Kouremeti Natalia , Gröbner Julian , Egli Luca , Kazadzis Stelios
Published: October 2022

Abstract. This work aims to assess differences in the aerosol
optical depth (AOD) trend estimations when using high-quality AOD
measurements from two different instruments with different technical
characteristics and operational (e.g. measurement frequency), calibration and
processing protocols. The different types of sun photometers are the CIMEL
that is part of AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) and a precision filter
radiometer (PFR) that is part of the Global Atmosphere Watch Precision Filter
Radiometer network. The analysis operated for two wavelengths (500 and 501
and 870 and 862 nm for CIMEL–PFR) in Davos, Switzerland, for the period
2007–2019. For the synchronous AOD measurements, more than 95 % of the CIMEL–PFR AOD
differences are within the WMO-accepted limits, showing very good
measurement agreement and homogeneity in calibration and post-correction
procedures. AOD trends per decade in AOD for Davos for the 13-year period of
analysis were approximately −0.017 and −0.007 per decade for 501 and 862 nm (PFR), while the CIMEL–PFR trend differences have been found 0.0005 and
0.0003, respectively. The linear trend difference for 870 and 862 nm is larger
than the linear fit standard error. When calculating monthly AODs using all
PFR data (higher instrument frequency) and comparing them with the PFR
measurements that are synchronous with CIMEL, the trend differences are
smaller than the standard error. Linear trend differences of the CIMEL and
PFR time series presented here are not within the calculated trend
uncertainties (based on measurement uncertainty) for 870 and 862 nm. On the
contrary, PFR trends, when comparing high- and low-measurement-frequency
datasets are within such an uncertainty estimation for both wavelengths.
Finally, for time-varying trends all trend differences are well within the
calculated trend uncertainties.
Spatio-temporal changes in cryoconite community, isotopic, and elemental composition over the ablation season of an alpine glacier
Authors: Novotná Jaroměřská Tereza , Ambrosini Roberto , Richter Dorota , Pietryka Miroslawa , Niedzielski Przemyslaw , Souza-Kasprzyk Juliana , Klimaszyk Piotr , Franzetti Andrea , Pittino Francesca , Vondrovicová Lenka , Kohler Tyler , Zawierucha Krzysztof
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Cryoconite holes (water-filled reservoirs) on glacier surfaces are important biodiversity hotspots and biogeochemical factories within terrestrial cryosphere. In this study, we collected cryoconite from the ablation zone of the Forni Glacier (Central Italian Alps) over the whole ablation season. We aimed to describe spatial and temporal patterns in: (i) biomass and community structure of photoautotrophs (cyanobacteria, diatoms, and eukaryotic green algae) and invertebrates; (ii) carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic composition of invertebrates and their potential food; and (iii) the organic matter content and general elemental composition of cryoconite. Structure and biomass of cryoconite biota showed spatio-temporal changes over the season. Dominant cyanobacteria were Oscillatoriaceae and Leptolyngbyaceae, while dominant eukaryotic green algae were Mesotaeniaceae and Chlorellaceae. Eukaryotic green algae dominated in the upper part of the ablation zone, while a seasonal shift from algae- to cyanobacteria-dominated communities was observed in the lower part. Some taxa of photoautotrophs appeared only during specific sampling days. Dominant grazers were tardigrades (Cryobiotus klebelsbergi). The biomass of tardigrades in the upper part was significantly related to the biomass of eukaryotic green algae indicating that algal communities are likely controlled by grazing. The δ13C of tardigrades followed fluctuations of δ13C in organic matter. We did not observe spatial and temporal changes in the general elemental composition of cryoconite. Thus, changes in community structure and biomass are likely dependent on the interplay between phenology, stochastic events (e.g. rainfall), top-down, or bottom-up controls. Our study shows that understanding the ecology of biota in cryoconite holes requires a spatially explicit and seasonal approach.
A paleoprecipitation and paleotemperature reconstruction of the Last Interglacial in the southeastern Alps
Authors: Honiat Charlotte , Koltai Gabriella , Dublyansky Yuri , Edwards R. Larry , Zhang Haiwei , Cheng Hai , Spötl Christoph
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The Last Interglacial (LIG, ~130–116 ka) was one of the warmest interglacials of the past 800,000 years and an important test bed for future climate conditions warmer than today. LIG temperature reconstructions from marine records as well as paleoclimate models show that mid and high northern latitudes were considerably warmer by about 2 to 5 °C compared to today. In Central Europe, the LIG has been widely studied using pollen and more recently chironomids preserved in lake sediments. While these bio-archives document temperatures changes across the LIG, they are commonly poorly constrained chronologically. Speleothems, and fluid inclusions contained therein, offer superior age control and provide information on past climate, including qualitative and partly also quantitative records of temperature and precipitation. Here, we present a precisely dated fluid inclusion record based on seven speleothems from two caves in the SE Alps (Obir and Katerloch) and use a δD/T transfer function to reconstruct regional LIG temperatures. We report a temperature change across the glacial/interglacial transition of 5.2 ± 3.1 °C, and peak temperatures at ~127 ka of 2.4 ± 2.8 °C above today’s mean (1973–2002). The fluid inclusion δD record of these speleothems exhibits millennial-scale events during the LIG that are not well expressed in the δ18Ocalcite. The early LIG in the SE Alps was marked by an important climate instability followed by progressively more stable conditions. Our record suggests that the SE Alps predominantly received Atlantic-derived moisture during the early and mid LIG, while more Mediterranean moisture reached the study site at the end of the LIG, buffering the speleothem δ18Ocalcite signal. The return towards colder conditions is marked by an increase in δ13C starting at ~118 ka indicating a decline of the vegetation and soil activity.