bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of malate dehydrogenase preparation, obtained by the chromatographic method, for the specific staining of fumarate hydratase from rat hepatocytes
Authors: Selivanova Natalia V. , Bakarev Maxim Yu. , Bystrova Darya S. , Eprintsev Alexander T.
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to obtain a highly purified preparation of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) by chromatographic methods for subsequent specific staining of fumarate hydratase (fumarase, FH) from the liver of healthy rats and animals with alloxan-induced diabetes. The first stage of the study was the performance of a multi-stage purification scheme for MDH using ion-exchange chromatography as the final stage, which resulted in the obtaining of two enzyme preparations, from which a sample with the highest activity (with a yield of 20% and a specific activity of 32.5 U/mg protein) was selected. MDH activity was measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 340 nm, protein concentration was determined by the Lowry method. Experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 5% alloxan monohydrate solution in 0.9% sodium citrate solution to male white inbred laboratory Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus L). The animals were kept in a vivarium with constant access to food and water. The conditions of the experiment corresponded to the requirements of international rules for the humane treatment of animals, reflected in the sanitary rules for the selection and maintenance of experimental biological clinics (vivariums). All rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (Control and Diabetes), 5 rats in each group.
Fumarate hydratase is a lyase and it is not an oxidizing enzyme; therefore, it cannot be specifically detected in polyacrylamide gel by the tetrazolium method. However, this specific staining technique can also be used for FH by adding malate dehydrogenase as an auxiliary enzyme to the development medium. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed under non-denaturing conditions in Tris-glycine buffer. Conducted electrophoretic studies with subsequent staining of the gel with the tetrazolium method showed that in the liver of both healthy rats and animals with pathology, two isoforms of fumarate hydratase with Rf 0.12 and 0.2 respectively, were present. An analysis of the subcellular localization of FH showed that the identified forms of the enzyme function in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of the liver of rats of both groups. Thus, the use of ion-exchange chromatography as the main step allowed to obtain a highly purified preparation of malate dehydrogenase, which was later used as an auxiliary enzyme in the specific staining of fumarate hydratase from the liver of rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. The obtained results indicate that the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus, unlike some types of oncology, is not associated with blocking of one of FH isoforms.
Influence of the structure of imidazolium ionic liquids on the chromatographic behaviour of some flavonoids under RP HPLC conditions
Authors: Raznitsyna Varvara M. , Shafigulin Roman V. , Vinogradov Kirill Yu. , Bulanova Andzhela V.
Published: August 2024

Flavonoids are the most common natural polyphenolic compounds of complex structure, possessing a wide range of biological activities. The determination of the qualitative and quantitative composition of complex mixtures of biologically active compounds (BAC) is an urgent problem of the pharmaceutical industry. The most suitable and used method for this task is reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC). To increase the efficiency and selectivity of separation of the mixture, additives of various organic substances are introduced into the aqueous-organic eluent. In this study we investigated the effect of adding certain imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) into the mobile phase on the chromatographic behaviour of a mixture of (+)-catechol hydrate, rutin, hesperidin, and quercetin under RP HPLC conditions. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C4MIM][Br], 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C6MIM][Br], 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C10MIM][Br], 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide [MC8IM][Br] and 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [C4dMIM][BF4]. It was shown that the order of release of flavonoids does not change depending on the nature of the IL. It has been established that when IL is added to the eluent, the value of the flavonoid retention factor changes. Addition of IL with long alkyl substituents in the imidazole ring ([C10MIM][Br] and [MC8IM][Br]) led to increased retention of flavonoids (with the exception of the highly polar molecule hesperidin). This is explained, firstly, by the possibility of the formation of a hydrophobic ion pair between the analyte molecule and the IL, secondly, by the implementation of the ion exchange mechanism of molecular retention, and thirdly, by a change in the ionic strength of the mobile phase and an increase in the hydrophobic effect. IL with shorter substituents are not prone to such interactions. The ambiguous effect of imidazolium IL on the efficiency of the chromatographic process has been shown: for each sorbate, a different effect of addition of IL to the aqueous-acetonitrile eluent was observed. Chromatographic system with [C4dMIM][BF4] allows to increase efficiency for the three studied flavonoids - catechin, rutin, and quercetin.
Pemencilan dan Pencirian Spesies Vibrio Berpotensi Patogen daripada Air Balast di Pelabuhan Malaysia Terpilih
Authors: Mat Nasir Nurathirah , Nik Ibrahim Nik Nuraznida , Sahrani Fathul Karim , Ahmad Asmat , Sairi Fareed
Published: August 2024

Kemasukan Vibrio melalui air balast boleh meningkatkan populasi Vibrio sedia ada di perairan tempatan, justeru meningkatkan risiko jangkitan Vibrio pada manusia dan haiwan marin. Selain itu, ia boleh mengganggu ekosistem marin tempatan melalui persaingan spesies asli dan mengubah komuniti mikrob. Walau bagaimanapun, maklumat berkaitan risiko pelepasan spesies patogen bawaan air balast khususnya Vibrio spp. di Malaysia masih terhad. Oleh itu, kajian ini dilakukan untuk menciri dan mengenal pasti spesies Vibrio berpotensi patogen dari air balast daripada kapal-kapal kargo yang berlabuh di Pelabuhan Klang dan Pelabuhan Tanjung Pelepas. Pengenalpastian awal Vibrio daripada sampel air balast dilakukan berdasarkan ujian pewarnaan Gram, oksidase, katalase, fermentasi glukosa, motiliti dan kerentanan terhadap agen vibrio statik O129. Selain itu, pencirian faktor terkait dengan kevirulenan seperti hemolisis, protease, lipase, pembentukan biolapisan serta ujian kerintangan antibiotik juga dilakukan. Pencilan Vibrio yang menunjukkan ciri kevirulenan kemudiannya dikenal pasti berdasarkan agar kromogenik dan penjujukan gen 16S rRNA. Hasilnya, sebanyak 154 pencilan Vibrio telah disaring dan 24 daripadanya menunjukkan tindak balas positif terhadap kesemua faktor kevirulenan yang diuji serta mempunyai nilai indeks Antibiotik Pelbagai Rintang (MAR) > 0.2. Pencirian gen 16S rRNA telah mengenal pasti kesemua 24 Vibrio spp. sebagai V. alginolyticus (n=16), V. fluvialis (n=7) dan V. harveyi (n=1). Kesimpulannya, kehadiran spesies Vibrio berpotensi patogen daripada air balast jelas menunjukkan bahawa kapal yang berlabuh di Pelabuhan Klang dan Pelabuhan Tanjung Pelepas berisiko memindah masuk spesies berpotensi patogen daripada perairan luar ke dalam perairan tempatan.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Heme Detoxification of Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-aminoquinoline Hybrids as Potential Antimalarial Agents
Authors: Ravindar Lekkala , Ng Yan Hong , Bakar Khairul Azreena , Ahmad Hidayat Ahmad Fadhlurrahman bin , Rizal Feroz Shevin , Raheem Saki , Hasbullah Siti Aishah , Hassan Nurul Izzaty
Published: August 2024

Malaria, an infectious disease that spreads widely and can kill people, is still a problem for global health. This study adds to the list of possible solutions by making a group of new pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-aminoquinoline hybrids. Here, five novel hybrids were synthesized by covalently linking the scaffolds of 4-aminoquinoline and pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles via an ethyl linker. Molecular docking was used to study each hybrid's and standard chloroquine ability to bind to Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (PfLDH), an important enzyme in the parasite's glycolytic pathway. The hybrid compounds had a stronger binding affinity than the standard chloroquine. Compound 4c (-7.79 kcal/mol) and 4d (-7.73 kcal/mol) had strong interactions with PfLDH through hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and Van der Waals interactions involving Val-26, Ile-54, Ala-98, Phe-100, Lys-118, Ile-119, and Glu-122. Additionally, the study explored the interaction between five hybrids and hemin, a pivotal component in the heme detoxification pathway of malaria parasites. The isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) showed that the hybrids had different strengths when binding to hemin. This was because their structures were different. Hybrids 4a and 4b showed a strong affinity for hemin with Ka values of (1.43 ± 0.60) × 106 M-1 and (1.64 ± 0.97) × 106 M-1, respectively, indicating that they might be able to stop the disruption process. In contrast, hybrids 4c, 4d, and 4e interacted with hemin with markedly lower affinities. This study provides insights into the promising antimalarial properties of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-aminoquinoline hybrids. It details their interactions with PfLDH and hemin and offers potential avenues for developing novel therapeutic strategies against malaria.
Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Enhancement Through Task-Specific Exercises and Transcranial Simulation: A Randomised Pilot Controlled Study in Stroke Survivors
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Medical Campus, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
Published: August 2024

This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of four-week rehabilitation regimens involving task-specific exercises (TSE), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and their combination on enhancing serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in ambulatory stroke survivors. A total of 60 ambulatory stroke patients were randomly assigned to four intervention groups: (i) control intervention physiotherapy (CIP); (ii) combination of TSE, tDCS, and CIP; (iii) TSE and CIP; and (iv) tDCS and CIP. Serum BDNF levels were assessed using a Quantikine ELISA kit. A statistically significant variance in serum BDNF levels was observed among the groups (F=58.04, p=0.001). Bonferroni’s post-hoc analysis revealed no significant difference in serum BDNF levels between the control and TSE+CIP groups (p=1.000). A statistically significant difference in serum BDNF was reported between the control, tDCS+CIP group, and TSE + tDCS + CIP group at p<0.001. The pilot study underscores the considerable influence of interventions on serum BDNF levels in stroke survivors. The combined regimen of TSE, tDCS, and CIP demonstrated efficacy in enhancing patients’ BDNF levels. No significant difference in BDNF levels was discerned between the control and TSE+CIP groups. These findings hold promise for refining research and rehabilitation strategies in stroke patients to promote BDNF-related neuroplasticity.
Acute Otitis Externa and Cost Analysis in a Tertiary in Malaysia
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: August 2024

Otitis external (OE) is referred to a spectrum of external ear inflammation. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, complication of acute otitis external (AOE) and a total cost in managing one episode of care of AOE treatment. Costing analysis was done by using top-down analysis and activity-based costing with the data provided by the study centers and clinical pathway, which was formulated for the study. A total of 157 patients of AOE were recruited for this study. Out of 157 patients, 23 patients presented with bilateral disease which make a total numbers of 180 ears. The mean age was 29.4 years (5 months - 75 years ). 110 (61.1%) cases were diagnosed with acute diffuse otitis external, 48 (26.7%) with otomycosis, 18 (10.0%) with acute localised otitis external and 4 (2.2%) with eczematous otitis external. A tital of 117 cases (65.0%) had a history of recent cotton bud use as predisposing factor for OE. The disease required RM 234.52 to treat per visit, and the total cost to treat one case of AOE with average 2.3 visits was RM 539.40. The usage of cotton bud or ear digging is a primary risk factor in developing AOE.
Kano Ergometresinde Sabit Oturakla ve Denge Aparatlı Oturakla Gerçekleştirilen Maksimal Egzersizlerde Kas Yanıtları ve Hareket Kinematiğinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Çilli Murat , Uluköylü Furkan , Çakır Onur
Published: August 2024

Bu çalışmada denge aparatlı oturaklı ve sabit oturaklı kano ergometresinde gerçekleştirilen maksimal bir egzersizde verilen kas yanıtlarının, her iki ön kol ve oblik bölge kas aktivasyonları ve her iki kola ait kinematik veriler kullanılarak karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya, çalışmaya engel teşkil edecek bir sakatlığı olmayan, yaşları 15-18 arasında ve en az 2 yıl kano sporunda geçmişi olan 12 erkek aktif sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmışlardır (boy 175,6±4,4cm, kilo 77,6±9,8 kg). Çalışma için Sakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Etik Kurulu'ndan Etik Kurul Onayı alınmıştır. Standart ısınma rutini sonrasında, rastgele sırayla sabit oturaklı ya da denge aparatlı Dansprint kano ergometresinde 500m mesafe ile maksimal egzersiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sağ ve sol ön kolda fleksör carpi radialis (FKR) ve sağ ve sol obliqus externus abdominis (OEA) kaslarına yerleştirilen elektrotlar ile sEMG ve IMU verileri kaydedilmiştir. Test süresi, tempo, toplam kürek sayısı, sEMGOrt, sEMGInt, pAçı ve AçıInt değerlerinin karşılaştırılmasında Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; test süresi, tempo ve toplam kürek sayısının benzer olduğu, açısal kinematik parametreler arasında pitch ekseni toplam açısal yer değiştirme değeri dışında genel anlamda farklılık olmadığı gözlenmiştir. Sabit oturaklı ergometrede gerçekleştirilen testte katılımcıların daha yüksek kas aktivasyonu gösterme eğiliminde oldukları gözlenirken sadece sol kol sEMGOrt ve sEMGInt ortalama değerleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark oluştuğu belirlenmiştir (p
Comorbidities, social, and psychological factors associated with headache in adult Indonesians: data from the 5th Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5)
Authors: Barus Jimmy Fransisco Abadinta , Sudharta Harvey , Suswanti Ika , Sasmita Poppy , Widyadharma I Putu , Turana Yuda
Published: August 2024

BackgroundHeadache is a significant health problem worldwide, but national data on headaches in Indonesia are unavailable. Various risk factors have been identified as triggers or factors affecting its occurrence and severity. This study aimed to identify factors associated with headache occurrence in Indonesians aged 20 to 65 years.
MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 26,263 participants aged 20 to 65 years. We covered any social, psychological, and comorbidity variables found in the fifth Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) that could be linked to headaches. A multivariate-adjusted logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). 
ResultsThe prevalence of those who had headache once in the past four weeks was 62.1%. Headache was associated with sleep disturbances (OR 2.24; CI 95% 2.11 – 2.36; p<0.0001), depression (OR 1.79; CI 95% 1.67-1.92; p<0.0001), hypertension (OR 1.79; CI 95% 1.64 – 1.96; p<0.0001), female sex (OR 1.64; CI 95% 1.55 – 1.73; p<0.0001), early adulthood (OR 1.32; CI 95% 1.24 – 1.42; p<0.0001), hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.33; CI 95% 1.15 – 1.52; p = 0.001), poor/moderate sleep quality (OR 1.22; CI 95% 1.15 – 1.29; p<0.0001), and low income (OR 1.12; CI 95% 1.05 – 1.19; p = 0.001).
ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that sleep disturbances were the dominant risk factor of headache in subjects aged 20 to 65 years. Furthermore, sleep disturbance treatment should especially be considered in patients with a high level of headache.
Classification of diabetic retinopathy using ensemble convolutional neural network architectures
Authors: Hendrawan Kevin , Handayani Ariesanti Tri , Andayani Ari , Titiek Ernawati , Gumelar Agustinus Bimo
Published: August 2024

Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) constitutes a primary cause of blindness across all age groups. Ophthalmologists examine fundus images (FI) to detect and classify stages of DR. Development of deep learning can help clinicians to attain a larger volume in screening and diagnosing diabetic retinopathy, thereby decreasing the burden of visual impairment caused by DR. This study aimed to classify DR using ensemble convolutional neural networks (CNN) architectures.
Methods We used data from the Indian Diabetic Retinopathy Image Dataset which consist of typical diabetic retinopathy lesions at pixel level. The dataset contains typical diabetic retinopathy structures as well as normal retinal structures and is divided into three parts: segmentation, classification, and location. There are 516 original color fundus images in the classification used as training set (413 images) and testing set (103 images). We used ensemble CNN architectures to classify diabetic retinopathy as no DR, mild non-proliferative DR (NPDR), moderate NPDR, severe NPDR and proliferative DR (PDR) based on fundus image.
Results In this study we successfully created a model with ensemble CNNs to detect DR based on fundus images with area-under-the-curve, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.88, 0.89, and 0.90, respectively, which is on par with the most modern methods.
Conclusion Based on the results, this model performs quite well in early detection of diabetic retinopathy and can be used to develop a more accurate model for detecting and classifying diabetic retinopathy. This model can also be used in assisting mass screening at lower cost without reducing diagnostic effectiveness.
Vitamin D role in accelerating tooth movement – A review
Authors: Singh Brijesh Kumar , Verma Anita Fotedar , Bhagchandani Jitendra , Kapoor Sudhir , Mehrotra Praveen
Published: August 2024

The studyfocuses on the role of Vitamin D in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. Vitamin D is a potent stimulator of osteoclastic activity by promoting the recruitment of osteoclast precursors in bone remodeling. In addition, the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency is high, so it is important to investigate the clinical application of these findings, including the potential use of Vitamin D metabolites to enhance the rate of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment.

3 databases were searched: Scopus, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. The search resulted in 42 publications from databases. 7 studies were included in the qualitative analysis.

The majority of studies showed the locally injected calcitriol to be clinically efficient and cost effective reducing the overall treatment time also it was found initially there was an increase in osteoclastic activity followed by osteoblastic activity, this was also evidenced by several laboratory-based investigations and questionnaire-based assessments pertaining to Vitamin D.
The Authentication of Digital Evidence in Criminal Justice: The Latin and Anglo-Saxon Criminal Law Perspective
Authors: Fahil Abdulkareem
Published: August 2024

The emergence of the internet and the widespread use of information systems have led to new challenges for criminal law, both in terms of substance and procedure. Digital evidence has numerous advantages, being scientific evidence that is difficult to dispose of and can be replicated. When it comes to the probative value of this evidence, the criminal judge has significant powers in evaluating digital evidence. For digital evidence to be accepted in court, three conditions must be met: legitimacy of evidence, judge's certainty, and discussion of evidence. The authority of the judge to accept digital evidence depends on the legal system. There are two main legal systems: the Latin system, known as the system of free evidence, and the Anglo-Saxon system, known as the system of restricted evidence.
Confidentiality of Personal Data in the Situation of Cyber Threats
Authors: Zainutdinova Elizaveta
Published: August 2024

Recently, Russia has become one of the leaders in personal data leaks. The year 2023 in Russia became a truly record year for the number of personal data leaks. Personal data is currently not only a valuable resource in the field of business turnover, but it is also the object of various types of cyberattacks and leaks committed by third parties’ malicious actions. The right to confidentiality and the right to protection of personal data are not implemented in the digital environment due to the susceptibility to cyberattacks and the lack of appropriate measures and guarantees in this field. Based on the analysis of current legislation and law enforcement practice, we conclude that it is not enough to list the rights of personal data subjects in order to effectively protect them. Guarantees in the cyber space are needed through the implementation of appropriate protective measures, as well as the establishment of the liability of operators related to the amount of harm caused and eliminated in regards to the subjects of personal data.
Cartografia Social como Ferramenta de Análise do Território: os diferentes modos de fazer o cuidado em comunidades rurais e ribeirinhas na Amazônia
Authors: Schweickardt Júlio Cesar , Souza Lupuna Corrêa de
Published: August 2024

O livro “Nova Cartografia Social: Dinâmicas e Desafios na Amazônia” inaugura a subsérie Cadernos de Cartografia e Histórias da Amazônia, na Série Saúde & Amazônia, coordenada pelo Laboratório de História, Políticas Públicas e Saúde na Amazônia (LAHPSA) do Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane (ILMD/FIOCRUZ AMAZÔNIA. O trabalho que apresentamos faz parte do projeto de Educação Permanente em Saúde nos Municípios da Amazônia. O livro traz uma reflexão sobre a Nova Cartografia Social e apresenta oficinas práticas desenvolvidas no município de Iranduba-AM. A abordagem é inovadora porque vai para além dos mapas tradicionais que descrevem os territórios. A cartografia social tem tido destaque na saúde para identificar e intervir nos territórios de modo participativo, com o envolvimento da comunidade e dos trabalhadores da saúde. A obra oferece um olhar sobre os modos de produção de cuidado pelas populações ribeirinhas e a interação dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS) com seus territórios. As narrativas dos trabalhadores revelam a relação com o lugar e o sentido de pertencimento e compreensão das necessidades locais. Assim, esta é uma contribuição significativa para o campo da saúde coletiva, apresentando uma ferramenta para subsidiar as ações de participação social nas políticas públicas. Assim, convidamos para um mergulho nos caminhos do trabalho em saúde na Amazônia por meio das lentes da Nova Cartografia Social.
Characterization of Fracture Toughness Properties of Coir Fibre Reinforced Polypropylene Composites
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Varadarajan Y. S. , Shamprasad M. S. , Niluvase Nidarsh P. , Madaiah D. C. , Bheemraj
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the production and assessment of fracture toughness in Polypropylene (PP) composites reinforced with different weight fractions of treated and untreated coconut coir fibres. The potential of natural fibres, especially those obtained from agricultural waste like coconut coir, to create lightweight, affordable, and environmentally friendly composite materials has drawn attention. In the study, coir fibres were cleaned and chemically treated with NaOH before being incorporated into PP using injection moulding and extrusion techniques. According to ASTM guidelines, composites with 10%, 20%, and 30% coir fibre concentrations underwent Single Edge Notched Bend (SENB) testing to determine their fracture toughness. The fracture toughness of composites containing 10% and 20% untreated coir fibres was found to be higher than that of pure PP, but composites containing 30% untreated and all treated coir fibres showed reduced fracture toughness. The best composite, with 20% untreated coir, showed the best mix of fibre content and material performance, emphasizing how chemical treatment hurt fibre brittleness and the composites' overall ability to support loads. The potential of untreated natural fibres to improve composite materials for industrial applications- particularly in the automotive industry- is highlighted by this study.
Analysis of Erosion Hazard Index (IBE) and Its Distribution in Kamenti Tulap Watershed-East Coast Minahasa with Spatial Technology
Authors: Pakasi Sandra , Rotinsulu Wiske , Rumagit Grace , Zebua Mitra
Published: August 2024

Erosion is a disaster on agricultural land. Due to extreme weather, flash floods, erosion, and landslides occurred in several areas of Minahasa Regency. The Kamenti Tulap watershed is one of the areas on the East Coast of Minahasa that experienced the flash flood disaster and was affected by material losses and damaged agricultural land. The Kamenti Tulap watershed needs to be managed well because it is a source of drinking water and domestic needs and a source of livelihood for the local community as farmers. The erosion hazard index is needed to determine the condition of soil damage in the Kamenti Tulap watershed. This research aims to calculate the potential erosion, actual erosion, and erosion hazard index using the USLE-RUSLE-MUSLE method integrated with spatial technology to obtain its distribution in the Kamanti Tulap watershed. The materials used are base maps such as research area, watershed, slope, land use, soil map, and rainfall data. The result analysis is Kamenti Tulap Watershed with an 891.53 ha spread across the potential and actual erosion hazard index classes. The high class of potential erosion hazard index of 30.52% spread over 118 land units is generally moderately steep (25-40%). The very high class of actual erosion hazard index spread over 146 land units with a coverage area of about 13.81% and generally on mixed garden land. The government needs information on erosion hazard index classification to determine priority areas for land rehabilitation.
A STUDY ON INPUT SETTINGS OF FULL-SCALE FEM FATIGUE ANALYSES FOR MAINTENANCE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS
Authors:   The University of Tokyo, Japan, Inose Sho , Takahashi Yuya ,   The University of Tokyo, Japan, Yoneda Taiju ,   The ICI Center, Maeda Corporation, Japan, Tsuchiya Satoshi ,   COMS Engineering Corporation, Japan, Ishida Tetsuya ,   The University of Tokyo, Japan
Published: August 2024

This study aims to figure out the proper input settings for fatigue simulations of reinforced concrete slabs using full-scale 3D finite element analysis–a pivotal investigation for the advancement of an automated simulation process to evaluate the fatigue lives of concrete structures, particularly road bridges. A road bridge was selected as the target, and a full-scale finite element mesh was prepared for analysis. Subsequently, a video of the vehicle movement was recorded, and tire track data were extracted using image-detection techniques. The tire tracks on the surface of the bridge were converted into 2D coordinates to obtain time-series tire position data. To set the proper load inputs for finite element analysis, the authors executed a sensitivity analysis encompassing temporal and spatial resolutions, revealing that certain structural parameters had less impact on the fatigue performance compared to load and environmental conditions. This study showcases a comprehensive process for full-scale fatigue simulations, seamlessly integrating drawings and traffic data into the analytical framework, for making effective maintenance strategy.
QUANTITATIVE DETECTION OF DELAMINATION IN REINFORCED CONCRETE ROAD WALL BY INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY WITH HEAT BALANCE SIMULATION
Authors:   Niigata University, Japan, Kazuma Shibano , Taiki Hagiwara ,   Niigata University, Japan, Masaomi Kimura ,   Kindai University, Japan, Tetsuya Suzuki ,   Niigata University, Japan
Published: August 2024

The surface temperature obtained from a thermal image isn’t reliable information for the inspection of concrete structures. Factors that influence surface temperature (ex. weather, structure and surface conditions) need to be considered in diagnosing concrete by passive infrared thermography. In previous research, the available time window for inspection has been investigated and the optimal time window is not certified commonly. Subsurface damage estimation by infrared thermography considering other factors has not been applied to an in-service structure so far. In this research, the subsurface delamination of reinforced concrete road wall is detected quantitatively by passive infrared thermography with heat balance simulation. The measured surface temperature of spalling parts is 0.7 ℃ higher on average than the non-damaged parts. The trend of measured surface temperature which rises during measurements is indicated to be reproduced by heat balance simulation with structural, weather and concrete data.
NON-CONTACT DETECTION OF CORRODED STEEL SHEET PILE THICKNESS USING HEAT BALANCE SIMULATION AND INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY
Authors:   Niigata University, Japan, Hagiwara Taiki , Shimamoto Yuma ,   Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan, Suzuki Tetsuya ,   Niigata University, Japan
Published: August 2024

The corrosion is a typical degradation phenomenon of steel sheet piles, which is evaluated by thickness loss. This phenomenon leads to pitting corrosion and buckling of steel sheet pile walls. This study aims to build a non-contact evaluation of steel sheet pile thickness using infrared thermography based on temperature variations depending on sheet pile thickness. In analytical procedures, the temperatures of steel sheet piles are calculated based on meteorological data. Surface temperatures are estimated by applying the theory of heat balance on ground surface. In experimental procedures, steel sheet pile specimens were set under meteorological conditions. The temperature fluctuations of the specimens were detected by a combination of heat balance analysis and infrared thermography to determine the sheet pile thickness. As a result, it is observed that the relationship between the standardized temperatures and sheet pile thickness shows a negative correlation during the temperature increase process.
Pengaruh Variasi Aktivator ZnCl2 dan NaOH terhadap Efisiensi Adsorpsi Karbon Aktif dari Kayu Cempedak (Artocarpus Champeden) sebagai Adsorben dalam Limbah Sasirangan
Authors: Marisa Lutfiana , Mukarramah Anisah , Fatya Alvian Ikhsanul
Published: August 2024

Sasirangan is a batik originating from South Kalimantan. The batik industry produces cloudy and concentrated liquid waste, so efforts are needed to reduce the negative impacts. The manufacture of cempedak wood activated carbon has been carried out. This research aims to determine the adsorption efficiency of cempedak wood active carbon on sasirangan waste using the UV-Vis test. Cempedak wood activated carbon is made using a carbonation and activation process. The activators used in the research are basic and neutral compounds, namely NaOH and ZnCl2. The research results showed that cempedak wood activated carbon with ZnCl2 activator showed a higher adsorption efficiency value of 31% compared to the NaOH activator whose adsorption efficiency value was 2%. Based on the observation results, it can be concluded that cempedak wood activated carbon with ZnCl2 activator is more effective than NaOH activator.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN WORDWALL SEBAGAI EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN PADA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Mardhiyah Ainatul
Published: August 2024

In the digital era, learning activities must be able to adapt to technological and information developments. Educators must be able to develop learning media in creative and innovative ways, including in providing evaluations of the material that has been taught. Educational statistics as a compulsory subject for students of Islamic religious education, most of whom have social backgrounds, must be able to create an interesting and enjoyable atmosphere for students. This research method is descriptive qualitative, where the data source was obtained from students of the Islamic Religious Education study program who were taking an Educational Statistics course. The results of this study indicate that 94.6% of students' understanding by using WordWall said that WordWall was able to help remember learning material and 97.4% said that the educational game Wordwall was able to give a pleasant impression when working on quizzes or practice questions. Through the use of Wordwall , student interest in studying educational statistics courses has been shown to increase and suppress student saturation in learning the material being taughtAbstrakPada era digital, kegiatan pembelajaran harus mampu beradaptasi dengan perkembangan teknologi dan informasi. Pendidik harus mampu mengembangkan media pembelajaran dengan cara kreatif dan inovatif, termasuk dalam memberikan evaluasi dari materi yang telah diajarkan. Stasitika pendidikan sebagai mata kuliah wajib bagi mahasiswa pendidikan agama islam yang kebanyakan berlatar belakang dari jurusan social, harus mampu menciptakan suasana yang menarik dan menyenangkan bagi mahasiswa. Metode penelititan ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif, dimana sumber data diperoleh dari mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Agama Islam yang sedang menempuh mata kuliah statistika Pendidikan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman mahasiswa dengan menggunakan WordWall sebesar 94,6 % mahasiswa mengatakan bahwa WordWall mampu membantu mengingat materi pembelajaran dan 97,4% mengatakan bahwa game edukasi Word wall mampu memberikan kesan menyenangkan ketika mengerjakan quiz ataupun latihan soal. Melalui pemanfaatan Wordwall, minat mahasiswa dalam mempelari matakuliah statistika pendidikan terbukti meningkat dan menekan kejenuhan mahasiswa dalam mempelajarai materi yang diajarkan.
Revisiting the Prohibition of Khamr and Maysir in the Qur’an: An Examination of Surah Al-Mā’idah [5]: 90-91
Authors: Rustriningsih  , Fejrian Yazdajird Iwanebel
Published: August 2024

This article delves into the unequivocal prohibition of drunkenness and gambling in Islam, as elucidated in the Qur’an Surah al-Mā’idah [5]: 90-91. While the Quranic prohibition clearly labels certain actions as ‘rijs’ (abominable acts) and associates them with the deeds of the devil, contemporary scholars often prioritize historical and juridical analyses over examining the relevance of these verses in the present day. Thus, this article endeavors to enhance interpretation by situating the text within both its historical context and contemporary circumstances. By employing the ma‘nā-cum-maghzā approach, which equally considers the verse’s historical background and the contemporary reader’s context, the article posits that the prohibition on khamr (intoxicants) and all forms of gambling transcends mere restriction to constitute a ‘binding prohibition.’ This assertion is substantiated by the identification of inherent implications significantly correlated with these proscribed acts, encompassing the promotion of temporal respect, avoidance of diverse adverse impacts on health, economy, social relations, and religious facets, as well as a deterrent against arrogance and mutual reproach.
Pandangan Mufassir tentang Surga (Tempat) Nabi Adam:
Authors: Saadatus Salamah  , Muksi Mohammad
Published: August 2024

Scholars or commentators have differed in opinion about the paradise that Prophet Adam once inhabited particularly because the word al-jannah has various meanings. Some say that the heaven of Prophet Adam is in the sky, while others assume it on the earth. The difference is partly because the word al-hubūt has also various meanings. This research relied on literature search using descriptive analysis which aims to get a complete and clear picture of the problem, namely the story of Adam's ‘eviction’ from heaven in the Qur'an according to exegesis of Wahbah al-Zuhailị, al-Tābarsị and al-Syarịf al-Murtaḍā in al-Tafsịr al-Munịr, Majma’ al Bayān fị Tafsịr al - Qur’ān and Amālị al – Murtaḍā respectively. The result of this study is that three commentators differed in the opinion about the heaven. Wahbah al-Zuhailị preferred that Adam's heaven in the sky, while al-Tābarsị and al-Syarịf al-Murtaḍā said that Adam's heaven is on earth. Meanwhile, Wahbah al-Zuhailị interprets al-hubūt as "going down," different from al-Tābarsị and al-Syarịf al-Murtaḍā interpreting it by descending, moving, occupying, and decreasing degrees. The whole picture makes it clear how school or affiliation differences do not really affect the exegetical results.
ANALISIS PERAN KETUA MASJID AL-IKHLAS SEBAGAI PIONIR DAKWAH DI MASYARAKAT DESA SEDANG KEC. SUAK TAPEH
Authors: Rahwana Rahwana , Atieq Pohan Hasril
Published: August 2024

This research entitled "Analysis of the Role of the Chairman of the Al-Ikhlas Mosque as a Da'wah Pioneer in the Community of Sedang Village, Suak Tapeh District" aims to determine the role of the chairman of the Al-Ikhlas Mosque as a missionary pioneer in the Sedang Village, Suak Tapeh District. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method, using a direct approach or going into the field to collect data and information related to the problem being studied, namely conducting interviews and observations. The object of this research is the head of the Al-Ikhlas mosque who is a pioneer of da'wah and is a liaison, leader and religious figure in the spread of Islam in Sedang Village, Suak Tapeh District as primary data and carries out observations and interviews with several sources such as mosque administrators and village communities as secondary data sources. Both primary data and secondary data were obtained through observation and in-depth interviews with six sources concerned. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the role of the head of the Al-Ikhlas mosque as a pioneer of da'wah to the people of Sedang village, Suak Tapeh District is quite active, by implementing interpersonal roles, informational roles and decision-making roles. role) so that existing programs can be implemented well. However, the role as a da'wah pioneer, which consists of providing motivation, mentoring, building relationships, organizing communication and developing or improving da'wah implementers, is still minimal because many people are not involved in da'wah activities led by the head of the mosque and the quality of the mosque head's leadership skills in inspiring, motivating and leading the community in da'wah efforts is also lacking.
KEBHINEKATUNGGALIKAAN DAN PANCASILA SEBAGAI PEMBENTUK KARAKTER PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI BUDAYA SEKOLAH
Authors: Jannah Miftahul , Rahmi Susanti  , Meilinda
Published: August 2024

Diversity and Pancasila have noble values ​​that are important in shaping the character of Indonesia's young generation. Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile in protecting students' character is one of the government's strategies to prevent radicalism. The results of the discussion in this article are that students at SMA Negeri 1 Palembang have implemented diversity in diversity and an appreciation of Pancasila values. Diversity in diversity can be seen in students at school being friends with everyone regardless of differences such as skin colour, gender, ethnicity and language. This can be seen when students can communicate and play well with their peers. The application of character values ​​through school culture can be done through several activities, including; 5S activities (Smiles, Greetings, Accost, Politeness and Courteous); tadarus culture; a culture of reading prayers when starting and ending learning; discipline; and clean culture; honest culture; big day commemoration; dress neatly, and so on.
Bahasa Arab Mempengaruhi Perkembangan Kampus Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Nuranti Syafitri , . Munandar
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pengaruh Bahasa Arab terhadap perkembangan Kampus Islam di Indonesia. Sebagai Bahasa tulisan, Bahasa Arab mampu membangun tradisi ilmiah di kalangan umat Islam melalui karya-karya fenomenal para ulamanya di berbagai disiplin keilmuan. Oleh karena itu, studi terhadap Bahasa Arab mempengaruhi perkembangan di Perguruan Tinggi atau Universitas. Ini sangatlah penting untuk melihat interkoneksitas bahasa Arab dengan perkembangan perguruan tinggi di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dengan peneluran kepustakaan yang lebih dominan. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teknik dokumentasi, baca dan catat. Sedangkan teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, didapatkan hasil bahwa Bahasa Arab sangat mempengaruhi perkembangan kampus di Indonesia melalui 5 konsep berikut ini, seperti konsep Pendirian Kampus Islam di Indonesia, Pembelajaran Kampus Islam di Indonesia, Literatur Kampus Islam di Indonesia, Arsitektur Bangunan Kampus Islam di Indonesia serta Penamaan Jalan dan Bangunan Kampus Islam di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menyatakan bahwasanya dalam sejarah dan perkembangannya, Bahasa Arab berperan penting dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan dan memberikan sumbangan besar dari terbentuknya peradaban besar yang dapat kita rasakan hingga saat ini.
The Role of The Spotlight Initiative in Overcoming Femicide in Mexico
Authors: Pridiyastuti Herti , Anggraini Yayuk , Alexandra Frisca , Purnawarman Andi
Published: August 2024

Gender-based violence (GBV) is an issue that has received attention at the international level. In Mexico, almost 50% of women have reported being victims of violence perpetrated by their partner or ex-partner to the point of their death. The type of GBV that has experienced a significant increase is femicide or the killing of women just because of gender. The number of cases of femicide in Mexico has averaged 1.500 cases annually since 1985. In the period 1993-2005, there were at least 370 victims femicide that have been identified. This causes Mexico to become a country that is considered unsafe for women, especially with a high level of impunity in Mexico, where 93% of crimes are not reported nor investigated, including femicide. The machismo culture that is very attached to social life in Mexico emphasizes how domination is owned by men over women. The Spotlight Initiative program in Mexico is one of the government's efforts aimed at strengthening, complementing, and supporting existing gender-related initiatives in Mexico, particularly for  femicide and violence against women. With 2 phases, the first phase in 2019-2021 and the second phase in 2021-2022, the Spotlight Initiative program is expected to have a positive impact on women in Mexico and can also eliminate acts of violence against women in various forms. However, the program has no significant effect on the level of femicide that occurs in Mexico. The strong influence of machismo culture has become a strong factor in its occurrence femicide in Mexico.
El recargo de prestaciones y su laberinto
Authors: Delgado Ruiz Jose
Published: August 2024

Un complejo aroma tiene el recargo de prestaciones de la Seguridad Social, encerrado en su propia naturaleza y en un juego de palabras que no cesa. El deber de seguridad del empresario es concepto elástico que se ajusta a los numerosos factores que intervienen en la producción del daño y sufre graves alteraciones cuando se mezcla con la imprudencia de otro trabajador o de un tercero ajeno al entorno laboral. Para deshacer el enredo de la figura sería necesario separar su origen infractor del verdadero rostro que presenta como prestación singular destinada a prevenir e indemnizar el accidente de trabajo y la enfermedad profesional.
The Role of Tax Administration in Shaping SME Performance in Lae, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Nadiminti Viswanadham , Tom Blessinta , Timana Everlyn
Published: August 2024

The objective of the study is to evaluate how the role of tax administration in shaping SME performance in Lae City, Papua New Guinea. The social, legal, economic, and environmental reasons taxpayers want to abide by the tax system's rules. The current tax benefits, such as free zone incentives, income tax exemptions, double taxation agreements, capital gains exemptions, and import duty exemptions, do not currently support the expansion of SMEs. The study sampled 100. Purposive sampling was used to select the community sample in this study to obtain accurate results. The tax collection of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is crucial for a country's economic growth and development. Governments should consider simplifying tax legislation and provide instruction in simple terms. Ensure the tax rates for SME’s are reasonable and competitive. In Addition to that SME’s must minimize their tax liability and engage in the tax planning and regularly adjusting and reviewing the structure of the business can efficiently help tax to optimize, by hiring and consulting the tax professionals can be more helpful to small-medium enterprise to help navigate the difficult tax codes and to reduce risk of non-tax compliances. SME association should engage with tax authorities to get feedback and better comprehend the particular needs and challenges faced by SMEs in the field of taxation.
ANHEDONIA DALAM FOTOGRAFI EKSPRESI
Authors: Rachmawati Ine , Iriani Dewi , Mutohari A Sobi
Published: August 2024

The creation of this photographic work with the title Anhedonia in Expression Photography, the concept is to represent feelings that are abstract or can only be felt and imagined but do not have a form that can be seen with the naked eye. The author chose one of these abstract traits, namely anhedonia. Anhedonia is a term for a depressive condition in a person characterized by a loss of interest in enjoying pleasure in his life. Apart from being abstract, this is also based on empirical experience. Responding to this, the author has an interest in being able to represent it in expression photography. The objectives of this creation are 1) to represent abstract feelings into visual photography, 2) to create expression photography with glow in the dark technique, 3) to expand the repertoire of photographic art creation. The creation method uses a photography creation method approach into three stages, namely exploration, experimentation and final realization. The creation of this result is expected to provide one of the references in expression photography and can be developed into further research with similar theme concepts.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN LOGO PEMPEK CIO DALAM MEMPENGARUHI BRAND AWARENESS
Authors: Violie Meydelin , Wijaya Erik , Nugroho Julius Andi
Published: August 2024

"Pempek Cio" is one of the MSMEs that was founded in 2018 which sells typical Palembang food including typical Palembang pempek ikan tenggiri, tekwan ikan, model ikan, lenggang and mie celor. This MSME has been running for several years with a logo owned by the business. In its function, a logo becomes the identity of a business which helps people who see it to immediately recognize the business easily. Not only as an identity, a logo also functions as a medium to increase brand awareness of a business. The purpose of this analysis is to prove the suitability of the "Pempek Cio" logo in influencing Brand Awareness to customers and potential customers. The method used in this analysis begins with identifying the problem and then collecting data. After that the author conducted a literature study. These two stages will produce data that will be analyzed, the data that has been analyzed will be applied to the "Pempek Cio" logo as the main object in the proof. The author will conduct research on the general public to obtain the public's point of view to provide supporting evidence.