bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining the factors affecting the characteristics of photovoltaic modules in the conditions of Krasnoyarsk Krai
Authors: Debrin A S , Semenov A F , Zapletina A V , Vasilenko A A , Kuzmin N V
Published: September 2020

The paper determines the factors affecting the characteristics of photovoltaic modules in the conditions of Krasnoyarsk Krai. During the work the dependences of the energy of solar radiation in the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Krai on the height of the sun above the horizon, as well as the spectral composition of solar radiation on the same parameters were identified. The results obtained will help determine the rational modes of a photovoltaic power station and the need to use light filters in certain areas of the region.
Electric drive of the generator of the diesel-electric tractor DET-250M2 on the basis of a Field Regulated Reluctance Machine
Authors: Kornienko M N , Fediakov V V , Golykov A D , Zhuravleva L A
Published: September 2020

The diesel electric tractor DET-250M2 was the first tractor in the USSR with an all-electric transmission. This tractor usually works in agriculture as a cultivator and a bulldozer. However, it is often used in the railway sector, in industry, in large construction projects. Since the tractor’s electrical installation developed in the 1950s on the basis of DC collector machines is now obsolete, difficult to maintain, it was decided to upgrade the traction electric drive. The article presents the calculations of an electric machine: optimization of the rotor geometry, selection of the optimal ratio of the pole and interpolar gap, selection of the optimal number of poles of the machine, selection of the current shape, type of rotor. As an electric machine, a FRRM, which characterized by high overload capacity, a wide range of work in terms of torque and speed, was selected.
Analysis of the economic effect of increasing the reliability of information systems of digital agricultural enterprises
Authors: Kovalev I V , Testoyedov N A , Tuev E V
Published: September 2020

This article discusses the analysis of the economic effect of increasing the reliability of the information system that provides the processing and storage of information for digital agricultural enterprises. A special downtime calculation technique is used, based on the TCO Advisor Client & Server Model. The necessary data for the calculation are presented, as well as intermediate and main indicators. These metrics can also be used to calculate total cost of ownership. It is noted that this information may be of interest to top managers of digital agricultural enterprises who solve problems in assessing the performance of computing servers and networks.
The influence of the urban ecosystem on the quality of life of people over 50
Authors: Sevriukova G A , Khvastunova I V , Belikova E O , Sevriukova P L
Published: September 2020

The article presents the results of the influence of the urban ecosystem on the subjective assessment of the quality of life of people older than 50 years old. The subjective assessment of some components of the quality of life in people of the older age group was higher compared to the group of young people. Overstated assessments of the quality of life associated with an active lifestyle, a desire to eat right, and a desire for peace of mind indicate a decrease in the level of criticality in people over 50 years old and, as a rule, do not reflect the true state of their physical health. Established in 51.4% of cases, premature aging of the body of people older than 50 years is an unfavorable sign. The revealed change in morphological status in people over 50, which correlates with the desire to master the principles of proper nutrition, as well as a decrease in their functionality against the background of the effects of negative environmental factors, socio-economic stress in society, emotional stress require the search for evidence-based technologies for health conservation.
Chemiluminescent analysis as perspective instrument for the honey quality assessment
Authors: Lesovskaya M I , Igoshin A S
Published: September 2020

Natural honey is one of higtly needed end expensive nutrients, so it is rather often faked. The main problem is the deficite of quantitative methods for detecting falsifications. The results of the traditional polyparametric and innovative monoparametric ways for honey quailty analysis were compared. Antioxidant activity as a measurable indicator of biological value has been considered. The results obtained in the course of a traditional chemical analysis of honey are in good agreement with the results of chemiluminescent analysis of the same samples. It was showed, that the farm honey samples contain a lot of reducing compounds and acid equivalents and had balanced antioxidant activity. Under their influence the light sum decreased no more than 50-60%. The retail honey samples had an abnormally high antioxidant or prooxidant activity. On the average retail samples contained abnormally high amount of reduced substances (ascorbat acid, protein, acid equivalents). It can be assumed that these substances were artificially add to honey, and the product was a fake. Using chemiluminescence analysis one can do express selection of samples whose quality is doubtful. This kind of control may be in-cluded in the list of modern methods for detecting fraud in the express control of honey quality.
Plant molluscocide for prevention of animal helminthosis
Authors: Postevoy Alexey N , Andreyanov Oleg N
Published: September 2020

Soft-bodied are intermediate hosts of helminthiases, in the body of which a number of development stages of larval forms of helminths occur. There is the highest population density of mollusks in the areas of ruminant grazing, which leads to mass infection of animals with trematodes. To destroy the intermediate host of helminths in agricultural production, molluscicidal remedies of synthetic and plant origin are used. The aim of the work was to determine the molluscicidal effectiveness of a plant remedy based on Saponaria officinalis in conditions of natural pastures. The material for work was the green mass of the plant Saponaria officinalis obtained in the warm season from roots, leaves, stems, flowers and seeds. By grinding this plant, a powder with a particle size of 1-3 mm was obtained. Then, the powder was extracted with ethyl alcohol. The obtained product (concentrate) was an amorphous gel-like mass of dark green color with a specific smell and well soluble in water. Field work in natural pastures was carried out on 6 biotopes with an area of 5-23 m2. Three species of gastropods were recorded from freshwater mollusks in the biotopes: Physella acuta, Lymnaea truncatula and Lymnaea palustris. The results of experiments conducted in the conditions of pastures indicate a high molluscocidal activity of the studied plant agent on pond fish, intermediate hosts of trematodosis pathogens. The effectiveness of the developed molluscocide in relation to gastropods when treated with a working solution (10.0 g/l) is from 92.3 to 100%.
Improved measures for the prevention of mass mastitis in cows in the Vologda region farms
Authors: Semina L K , Avduevskya N N , Skulyabina Z A , Baldiceva G A , Gorbatov A V
Published: September 2020

The fight against mastitis was and remains one of the most serious problems in the dairy farming. The disease is widespread throughout Russia among cows of different breeds. According to our data, more than a half of the number of cows, up to 68.5% in a herd, go through mastitis during a year in the farms examined by us; 55.0% of them go through it from two to seven times. The coccal microflora has the decisive importance according to the frequency of isolation rate from the secretion of the udder of cows with mastitis -87.5% of the total number of isolated cultures with farm fluctuations from 40.0% to 100.0%. The test results of the vaccine “Streptostaphus” in three farms of the region made it possible to determine the most effective vaccination scheme for animals and to develop a “Method of specific prophylaxis of mastitis in cows.” The employees of the branch proposed a pattern of use of the complex drug “Amber-splenivitis” on pregnant animals with the aim of preventing mastitis in cows in the dry and postpartum periods. The use of antimicrobial drugs of prolonged action during the cows drying off period is advisable to take into account the sensitivity of microflora to them, released from the secretion of the udder of lactating cows of a single farm (complex). The prevention of massive mastitis in cows should include the implementation of measures aimed at increasing both the general resistance and specific reactivity of the cows organism.
Efficacy of the coadministration of coccidiocide and prebiotic to broiler chickens infected with Eimeria tenella oocysts
Authors: Kachanova E O , Pavlova E V
Published: September 2020

Coccidiostatics are used in poultry farms to prevent and treat eimeriosis, and antibiotics are used to reduce pathogenic microflora, which negatively affects the gut microbiome of birds. In some poultry farms, probiotics are used to correct the gut microbiome of birds with eimeriosis. The use of prebiotics for this purpose has been little studied, although they can also serve as an alternative to antibiotic therapy. The work is devoted to studying the effect of combined and separate administration of chemical coccidiocide and lactulose-containing prebiotic to broilers on the intensity of eimeriosis invasion caused by Eimeria tenella, as well as on the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, including bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium, Lactobacterium, Clostridium and Escherichia in cecum of 28-day-old broilers. The results showed that on average, for the entire period of the experiment, the lowest intensity of eimeriosis invasion was in the groups where coccidiocide and prebiotic were used: 17.50 ± 5.91 and 17.32 ± 5.67 thousand oocysts/g respectively. In the group where their combined purpose was, the intensity was 27.41 ± 8.13, which was slightly lower than in the infected control - 29.21 ± 8.70 thousand oocysts/g. The introduction of a prebiotic into the broiler diet allowed increasing the number of native bacteria of the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacterium, which reduced the number of opportunistic microorganisms such as Escherichia and Clostridium.
The influence of environmental factors on the indicators of biological systems of dairy cows in anthropogenic zone conditions
Authors: Kalyuzhny I I , Nikulin I A , Gertman A M , Samsonova T S , Naumova O V
Published: September 2020

The negative environmental situation in such a region of the Russian Federation as the Chelyabinsk region is due to the prolonged and intense impact of man on nature. The Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works (MMK) and other large industrial enterprises operate in the region. MMK is one of the leading global steel producers. This is one of the largest Russian enterprises in the metallurgical industry. The article presents the results of the analysis of the chemical composition of objects related to the natural environment of the region. A significant level of toxic effects on biological objects was noted. These objects are lactating cows. Pathomorphological, radiological, and clinical-hematologic features inherent in osteodystrophy are characterized. Based on these factors, a characteristic of the necessary therapeutic effect is presented. The results of the study of the clinical condition, blood serum and blood of twenty-four cows, water, feed, soil are presented. The study was conducted in the Nagaybak district of the region, in the Znamensky agricultural enterprise. The results of the analysis of the composition of chemical elements, such as Cd, Fe, Pb, Ni, presented in the bone tissue of animals suffering from the disease, and in other objects of research are characterized. The dynamics of the hematological and clinical state of the cows in the initial state and after the therapeutic effect was carried out was analyzed. According to the results of the study, it was found that the main toxic substances that pollute the area are Cd, Fe, Pb, Ni salts. Revealed changes in the blood composition of cows. In cows, dystrophy of bone tissue is observed, all metabolic processes are disturbed. According to the results of oral administration of vitartil, which is a mineral enterosorbent, and therapy with a drug, which contain calcium, positive changes in blood parameters have been established. Significantly increased milk productivity, the clinical condition of animals has become more favorable.
Dynamic model of crops’ normalized difference vegetation index in central federal district environment
Authors: Bukhovets A G , Semin E A , Kucherenko M V , Yablonovskaya S I
Published: September 2020

The article describes a mathematical model which represents dynamics of the normalized difference vegetation index for winter wheat plantings in central black soil areas. As opposed to the approaches considered during our theoretical study, which, as a rule, are based on averaged data related to respectively vast territories (districts, regions, agricultural enterprises), this article describes a model which relates to rather small areas, namely to particular fields measuring 30-200 ha. The multiplicative model under consideration takes into account two opposite tendencies in the development of winter wheat: the process of phytomass increase and the process of plastic substances production. Parameters of the suggested model were estimated for winter wheat plantings in central black soil area on the fields with different levels of productivity for 2017 in accordance with normalized difference vegetation index data. We estimated the parameters by least square method. We performed model functional tests on the basis of the data received during remote sounding of the soil at more than one hundred of fields in Central Federal District. The test results are very promising. The suggested model allows for estimation of ripening period and the time of harvesting. The model can be applied for approximation of normalized difference vegetation index missing values, as well as for estimation of time required to attain maximum index value and, consequently, for forecasting of harvesting terms.
Toxin-forming properties of Siberian isolates of the genus Fusarium fungi
Authors: Kozulina N S , Vasilenko A V , Vasilenko A A , Shmeleva Zh N
Published: September 2020

The results of laboratory studies on the toxin-forming genus Fusarium fungi are presented in the article. Fungal toxins are metabolites of various chemical nature, usually non-protein, often secondary, having more or less specific pathological effects on the human body, higher animals, plants and microorganisms. The toxins of the genus Fusarium fungi affecting cereal plants are well known. However, the ability to toxin formation varies among different populations of species in this genus. The high degree of cereal infection rate in Siberia with soil phytopathogens can be the reason for their low yield, as well as pose the danger when using cereals affected by toxin-forming fungi in the food industry and in the animal feed preparation. Therefore, the study of toxins produced by Siberian strains of the genus Fusarium fungi is a necessary step for certification of the seed fund in Siberia. The analysis of the obtained materials shows that the most toxic are the metabolites of Fusarium strains 2, 3, 4, 5, T13m, Z2-04, T2ec, J1kc, B-7.1(b), B-1.2, B-3.2(C), B-6.1, B-4.2, since less than 25% of barley seeds germinated when they were processed with these metabolites. The metabolites of j7ec, B-7.1(K) strains are not toxic to barley seeds.
Comparative analysis of the exterior of culled cows of different breeds in the Baikal Region
Authors: Adushinov D S , Zheltikov A I , Kuznetsov A I , Adushinov A D , Frolenko A O
Published: September 2020

This article provides an analysis of the exterior of cows by physique indices. The purpose of this work is a comparative study of the exterior of cows of black-and-white, Simmental breeds and their crossbreeds. When comparing the physique indices, it was found that the culled cows of Simmental breed and crossbreeds after fattening had the highest indices: elongation, plumpness, chest, pelvic and massiveness. The results show that cross-breed cows (black-and-speckled x Simmental) are the largest among the breeds. The smallest cows of these represented breeds are black-and-speckled.
Effects of applying safe methods for protecting fruit plantations from pests
Authors: Apazhev A K , Berbekov V N , Shekikhachev Y A , Hazhmetov L M , Bystraya G V , Shekikhacheva L Z
Published: September 2020

The broad definition of biological suppression of pests, i.e. the use of various organisms or products of their vital activity to cause damage to a harmful insect, includes many new unique and promising methods. Understanding the need for further study of the biology and ecology of harmful insects and their current potential natural enemies resulted in a number of new methods. They, in turn, led to the emergence of terms such as regulated pest control, bioecological control, an integrated control method, ecologized and ecological plant protection, and pest control systems. The components and methods of biological control used and studied now include parasitoids, predators, various pathogenic agents, and in addition, pheromones, attractants and hormones. Based on traditional objects used in the biomethod, genetically modified organisms are created that can independently resist phytophages. Ecologically safe methods of protecting plants from pests and diseases are everywhere included in agricultural practice, and systems of organic farming are being actively introduced. Thus, studies on the use of safe methods for plant protection from pests in relation to specific climatic and geographical conditions are relevant. In this regard, the current paper presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of Shin-Yetsu dispensers in relation to the conditions of cultivation of fruit trees in the North Caucasus region.
Domestic animals and modern Zoological systematics
Authors: Lebedev I G , Pimenov N V , Lomskov M A , Konovalov A M , Ivannikova R F
Published: September 2020

In this article, the authors discuss the problem of the lack of a code or other similar document that would regulate the taxonomy of domestic animals. Unfortunately, now modern zoological systematics does not consider domestic animals as objects of its research. Thus, in modern zoological science there is a serious problem of systematics of animals cultivated by man. The current taxonomic system is incomplete because it does not take into account the huge number of domestic animals. Currently, the application of zoological systematics to domestic animals would acquire an important role as a kind of zoological and DNA-genealogical marker, indicating the distinctive properties of the object under study. In our opinion, for application in domestic animals taxonomy, the experience and methods of modern botanical taxonomy could be used as a basis, recognizing a number of taxonomic categories as a rank below a subspecies (for example, variety, grex, cultivar, cultivar group (or group), cultigen etc.).
Ecological value of spring wheat varieties in the Irkutsk region
Authors: Abramov A G , Abramova I N , Klimenko N N
Published: September 2020

The climatic conditions of the Irkutsk region belong to the risky agriculture zone. This is due to the environmental differences in soil characteristics, temperature conditions, the amount and distribution of precipitation in the regions of the region. Therefore, Therefore, spring wheat varieties should be available to agrarian producers. These varieties are able to produce high yields with good grain quality due to their biological characteristics. In this regard, spring wheat is being selected in order to create varieties with economically valuable characteristics. At Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A. A. Yezhevsky the breeding work is conducting to obtain biotypes of the Angara 86 variety and use them in breeding practice. The selected biotypes are included in hybridization with the participation of varieties of Western Siberia and the Krasnoyarsk region. As a result of breeding work, a valuable source material was obtained, which is tested in breeding nurseries.
Influence of precipitation variability and temperature conditions on the yield of grain crops in Northern Kazakhstan
Authors: Kusainova A A , Mezentseva O V , Tusupbekov Z A
Published: September 2020

The article considers the influence of climate variability (precipitation and air temperature) on the yield of grain crops in Northern Kazakhstan. The paper uses data from some weather stations in the Northern regions of Kazakhstan, located in the main grain-growing zone. Because of the research, the dependence of grain yield on temperature and humidity for specific years of the last decades has been revealed. With an increase in precipitation, there is an increase in productivity in the North Kazakhstan and Kostanay regions, and the decrease in precipitation has a greater impact on the decrease in productivity in the Akmola and Pavlodar regions. Using the regression equation, the dependence of grain yield on the variability of air temperature and precipitation in the Akmola region (for the Esil weather station), a retrospective analysis was performed with the restoration of yield values for 1969-2019. The results of comparing the restored and the true (actual) yield showed a good correlation-0.84, which confirmed the reliability of the values. There are quite close relationships between the decrease in yield at high summer temperatures with reduced humidity, and the increase in yield at low summer temperatures, which is typical for the steppe and forest-steppe regions of Northern Kazakhstan. The yield of grain crops in the Akmola region, in the area of the Esil weather station, was affected by 72% by moisture, and 28% by other factors.
Production typicality of cows depending on their linear affiliation
Authors: Alekseeva E A
Published: September 2020

The dependence of production typicality of cows on their linear in JSC “Tubinsk” of Krasnoyarsk region was studied. The coefficient of production typicity of first-lactation cows averaged 3.71. Descendants of Reflection Sovereign 198998 line and the Pabst Governor line referred to the high-milk type. The milk productivity of the daughters of the Reflection Sovereign 198998 line bulls is 3 % higher than the average. The largest mass fraction of fat in milk of the cows of the Pabst Governor line was 4.35 %. The indicators of cows of other lines were from 4.14 % to 4.20 %. The average mass fraction of protein in milk was 3.16 %, the cows of the Roseif Citation 267150 line had the indicator of 3.23 %, of the Pabst Governor line – of 3.21 %. The daughters of the Sure-View Auburn 133893605 bull of the Reflection Sovereign 198998 line marked the highest milk productivity of 7318 kg, the daughters of the Topaz 1239 bull of the Pabst Governor 882933 line marked the lowest milk productivity of 4783 kg. The mass fraction of fat in milk is the highest by the daughters of the Venets 3216 bull of the Pabst Governor line (4.40 %). The lowest fat content had the daughters of the Vympel 2234 bull of the Vice Back Ideal 1013415 line (3.85 %) and the Repey 9927 bull of the Roseif Citation 267150 line (3.99 %). The Rhythm 417329 bull of the Roseif Citation 267150 line has the highest protein mass of 3.31 %. The protein milk content of other bulls-producers varied from 3.25 % to 3.10 %. The profitability of production will be up to 65.3 % when converted to basic fat content (3.4 %).
Tick-born diseases epidemiological monitoring system in the Russian Federation
Authors: Belimenko V V , Gulyukin A M
Published: September 2020

The article presents an overview of information flows within the epizootological monitoring of tick-borne diseases in animals. Epizootological monitoring is the system of data collection on the spread of pathogens and animal disease outbreaks, following statistical processing and analysis of the effectiveness of veterinary control as well as for the evaluation and forecast of the epizootic status of particular territories. It is necessary to concentrate information flows and track operative data exchange in real-time management and to coordinate actions between various Departments for effective risk-based tick-borne disease epizootological monitoring to decrease or eliminate negative consequences of illness breakouts with an account of up-to-date evaluation methods, risk management, and audition. An important aspect is the creation of specialized epizootological databases together with integration with geoinformation systems.
Plastics as vehicles of chemical compounds to marine organisms
Authors: Dovzhenko N V , Mazur A A , Kukla S P , Slobodskova V V , Kolosova L F , Istomina A A , Chelomin V P
Published: September 2020

Plastics in the marine environment are shown to be a source of toxic chemicals. To understand potential risk, we evaluated the toxicity of dirty and virgin plastic fragments on marine mussels Mytilus trossulus Gould, 1850. We simulated transfers of chemical compounds to marine water by air agitation. According to experiments, an exposure to plastic fragments induces oxidative stress and variations in the microelement composition in tissues of the mussels. A decrease in the activity of the antiradical link in mollusk tissues and a pronounced genotoxic effect of plastic are also reported.
Paramecium caudatum abundance dynamics on various nutrient substrates consisting of Bacillus subtilis strains and their influence on morphophysiological indicators
Authors: Nikiforov-Nikishin A L , Nikiforov-Nikishin D L , Kochetkov N I , Tatarenko P Yu
Published: September 2020

According to the results of the study, data on the dynamics of the number of ciliates on various substrates were obtained. The maximum abundance, after 14 days of cultivation, was detected on a substrate from Bacillus subtilis of a natural strain (88 pcs / ml), on a substrate of Bacillus subtilis 2335 the abundance was slightly lower (81 pcs / ml), the minimum abundance was recorded on a substrate of Sacharamices ellipsodes (68 pcs / ml) A difference in morphophysiological characteristics was revealed, using the example of the qualitative and quantitative composition of digestive vacuoles. Indirect evidence of the participation of glycocalyx mechanisms in the choice of food by infusoria is given.
Nutrition regime in agrochernozems under cultivating field crops in arid conditions
Authors: Vlasenko O A
Published: September 2020

The authors found that in arid conditions in the cultivation of soybeans (soya), potato, spring wheat and corn without using fertilizers the content of mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus was low and very low. At that time, in fallow fields the ammonium nitrogen content was higher by an average of 6.8-9.2 mg/kg and reached a high level, nitrate nitrogen – by 2.6-5.3 mg/kg and reached an average level of security. The content of mobile phosphorus in all fields was very low and low (56.3-112.5 mg/kg). The content of exchangeable potassium was very high and high, and during periods of severe desiccation it increased by 2.3-1.6 times.
Features of the distribution of the magnetic field in the vicinity of the erythrocyte membrane
Authors: Kopyltsov A V
Published: September 2020

The article considers the problem of generating magnetic fields in a living organism. The movement of red blood cells along narrow capillaries is considered. In such capillaries, red blood cells change their shape, stretch and roll along the capillary. Charges located on the surface of the red blood cell generate a magnetic field. Calculations of the magnetic field strength showed that at small distances from the red blood cell (∼ 1 μm), the differences in the distribution of intensity are significant. At large distances from the red blood cell (∼ 100 μm), these differences in strength are smoothed out. At large distances from the red blood cell, the distribution of the magnetic field strength is similar to the distribution of the magnetic field of the dipole.
Garden strawberry: the effect of micronutrients foliage spraying on winter hardiness in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe
Authors: Mistratova N A , Savinich E A , Samarokova A V
Published: September 2020

The work highlights the results of studies on the application of foliar treatments with micronutrient solutions N-1.6% + 8 minor-nutrient elements (Fe-0.4%, Cu-0.12%, B-0.028%, Mn-0.36%, Zn-0, 09%, Mg-0.05%, Mo-0.08%, Co-0.016%); Cu 1% + 7 trace elements (Mn-0.018%, Fe-0.02%, Mo-0.004%, Co-0.00018%, B-0.0014%, Zn-0.0045%, Mg-0.0025 %); Fe 2% + 7 minor-nutrient elements (Mn-0.018%, Cu-0.006%, Co-0.0008%, B-0.0014%, Mo-0.004%, Zn-0.0045%, Mg-0.0025%) in plantings of strawberry varieties Elista, Pervoklassnitsa, Zephyr, Solnechnaya Polyanka. Agrochemical parameters of the soil before planting bushes of garden strawberries showed its high fertility by a set of indicators. At the same time, there was a deficiency of minor-nutrient elements: low content - Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Cr. The availability of manganese and lead is average. The foliage spraying of plants with micronutrient solutions did not provide a statistically significant confirmation of the effect on the winter hardiness of plants; these indicators depend solely on the varietal characteristics of the sample.
Bacterial strains for biological control of Fusarium root rot of soybean in Siberia
Authors: Rodovikov S A , Churakov A A , Popova N M , Abduraimov P O , Khizhnyak S V
Published: September 2020

Two strains of bacteria isolated from agricultural soil in Yenisey Siberia were tested for their ability to suppress Fusarium root rot of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in vitro. The strain RSA-1 statistically significantly (p<0.001) reduced the disease incidence by 25 percentage points in case of naturally infected soybean seeds and by 29 percentage points in case of artificially infected seeds. The strain RSA-13 statistically significantly (p<0.001) reduced the disease incidence by 32 percentage points in case of naturally infected soybean seeds but did not affect the disease incidence in case of artificially infected seeds. Both strains statistically significantly stimulated growth of infected plants. RSA-1 is Gram-positive, motile, aerobic, rod-shaped spore forming bacterium belonging to the Bacillaceae family. RSA-13 is Gram-positive, aerobic, filamentous actinobacterium belonging to the Actinomycetaceae family. Both strains can be recommended for biological control of Fusarium root rot of soybean in Siberia.
Assessment of the pigment complex of some woody introducers of the family Rosaceae Juss. in a culture condition
Authors: Turbina I N , Kukurichkin G M
Published: September 2020

The article presents the results of a study of the adaptation mechanisms of wood introducers of the family Rosaceae Juss. It was shown that a high content of photosynthetic pigments Nbi, Chl, Flv falls on the period of flowering and fruit ripening in plants. Pigment composition of leaves Padus maakii and Sorbaria sorbifolia indicates their high physiological status and adaptability in culture conditions.
Evolution of equine influenza virus between epizootics
Authors: Yurov K P , Alexeyenkova S V
Published: September 2020

New field strains of equid influenza virus isolated in different countries belong to independent branches in the Florida lineage, clade 2 – European and Asian. Asian viral isolates were akin to American evolutionary ancestors. Recently, there were local outbreaks of the disease with atypical symptoms among livestock. The initial diagnosis often meant a non-infectious problem. Throughout the year, horses of several equestrian bases periodically had a respiratory disease, which was characterized by a chronic course and low fever. A similar pathology in horses is described as such a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Sometimes the clinical picture comprised diarrhea and urticaria. In our research, several H3N8 equid influenza viral strains were isolated from the sick horses. Phenetic method of evolutionary relationships revealed their short tree distance to the equid influenza virus “A/eq/China/Ulumuqi/2015 (H3N8)” (nucleotide identity 98.43%) and viruses isolated from horses and camels in 2011-2013 in the southern regions of Kazakhstan and Mongolia (nucleotide identity 98.17%). The results supplement the data obtained by other authors characterizing the evolution and expansion of the H3N8 equid influenza virus in different geographical areas. This may allow improving the tools of diagnosis and prevention of infection.
Components of the biotope soil and yield of barley
Authors: Bakaeva N P , Chugunova O A , Saltykova O L , Prikazchikov M S
Published: September 2020

The highest intensity of decomposition of plant residues under spring barley crops was in the crop rotation with sideral steam of 88%, which was higher by 2.3% compared to pure, and for tillage by 88.3%. Soil enrichment with the enzyme urease on the Zvyagintsev scale is considered average and sufficient for the conversion of ammonium nitrogen in nitrogen exchange. High intensity of decomposition of plant residues, sufficient activity of soil urease are the indicators that characterize high soil fertility, were insufficient to obtain high yields of barley. The productivity of spring barley of the Povolzhsky 65 variety in some years reached 3.2 t / ha when tillage on a fertilized background in crop rotations with pure and sideral steam. Averaged four-year results on the yield of barley showed the highest results on tillage on a fertilized background and revealed the advantage of sideral steam. The correlation coefficients of decomposition of plant residues of soil and urease activity, as well as the yield of spring barley, showed a positive correlation for all variants of the experiment, in which an increase in one indicator is associated with an increase in the other.
Influence of biocidal preparations on the intestinal microflora of broiler chickens
Authors: Saleeva I P , Lukashenko V S , Burova D A , Myasnikova O V
Published: September 2020

One of the most important factors affecting poultry productivity is the quality of drinking water. Modern preparations of foreign production that allow to remove biofilm from the water supply system along with all organic and inorganic pollutants are expensive, as well as, as a rule, negatively affect the body of poultry when drinking. The article considers the effect of water solutions of neutral anolyte “ANOLIT ANK SUPER”, as well as a solution of the preparation “DUTRION” on the intestinal microflora of poultry. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the use of 0.25% and 10% solutions of neutral anolyte, as well as the solution of the preparation “DUTRION” has a multidirectional effect on the level of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the intestine, but at the same time reduce the level of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora.
Study of features of differentiated soil treatment by machine-tractor units on agricultural landscapes of slope lands
Authors: Vasilyev S A , Lopotkin A M , Vasilyeva A V , Vasilieva E A
Published: September 2020

The paper considers the features of anti-erosion contour tillage on slope lands, taking into account the location of technological furrows at an angle to the horizontal of the slope. Obtaining information about the terrain model is possible in different ways, including before processing and during the processing of the soil on the slope by a machine-tractor unit. In this case, it is necessary to calculate the angle of deviation of the soil treatment direction relative to the slope when pro-cessing the correct areas with such machines on a complex slope. It has been established that when technological furrows are placed in a straight line, the erosion process develops significantly, for example, when using passive working bodies of agricultural machines (tooth harrows, coverers) on slope lands. For processing complex slope lands, we propose to use the active harrow as an anti-erosion tool in a machine-tractor unit. We have obtained a mathematical model for processing complex slope lands with an active harrow as part of a machine-tractor unit. The proposed approach can be used on slope lands with a slope of up to 15 degrees. Thus, the prerequisites for contour processing of soil on slopes by forming technological furrows with a zero slope are justified, which excludes additional agrotechnical and hydrotechnical anti-erosion and reclamation measures on slope lands with a slope of up to 15 degrees.
Meteorological conditions, mineral fertilizers and lime aftereffect influence on the barley grain yield and quality in the Irkutsk region
Authors: D’yachenko E N , Shevelev A T
Published: September 2020

The results of studies of the meteorological conditions, mineral and calcareous fertilizers impact on the barley Biom yield and quality in the Irkutsk region in 2018-2019 in a crop rotation: corn, barley + clover, clover, wheat are presented. The experimental plot soil is grey forest loamy. Corn was the precursor; mineral fertilizers were applied at a dose of N30P30K30. In the growing periods of 2018 and 2019, which are characterized as dry, the barley yield was 1.53-2.01 t / ha and 1.86-2.42 t / ha, respectively depending on the type of experiment. In 2019, raise from mineral fertilizers application increased by 12-22%comparing without adding lime, with the lime aftereffect - by 8-19% and were the largest when applying complex fertilizer. The lime aftereffect of the 1st year did not affect the gain in yield. The yield value depended to a greater extent on the depth of precipitation both for the entire growing season and for the seedlings-tillering period; the average correlation dependence between these indicators was established over two years, the correlation coefficient was 0.69 and 0.62, respectively. Grain nature increased by 1-2% with the use of nitrogen-potassium fertilizers, and the weight of 1000 grains - by 4% in the variants with the introduction of nitrogen-phosphorus, nitrogen-potassium, and complex fertilizers for both backgrounds. The lime aftereffect increased the weight of 1000 grains by 2-5%. An increase in the amount of protein in grain by 6-8% was facilitated by nitrogen-phosphorus and complex fertilizers.
Variation of gluten amount in wheat grain under the influence of weather conditions
Authors: Keler V V , Martynova O V
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the work was to find out the role of temperature factor and precipitation during the growing season in the formation of gluten amount in the grain of spring soft wheat in the southern forest-steppe of the Krasnoyarsk territory. Varieties of soft spring wheat were evaluated by the gluten content; the scale of the trait variability was established. The role of the temperature factor was analyzed, the influence of moisture availability during the growing season and its contribution to the change in the gluten amount in soft spring wheat was considered. The experience was conducted by the method of competitive testing at the Karatuz state variety site in 2008-2017. The varieties «Novosibirskaya 15», «Vetluzhanka», «Omskaya 33» and «Kantegirskaya 89» were studied. The results were processed using mathematical statistics. It was found that the variation in the gluten content of the studied samples over the analyzed period was low and the indicator was stable. The gluten amount increased under the influence of high temperatures and precipitation in July. August precipitation had a negative effect on increasing the gluten content.
Increasing the anti-friction properties of carbon-containing materials at high temperatures
Authors: Roshchin M N
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to high-temperature tribological testing of carbon-containing materials during friction on 40X13 steel in the temperature range from +20 to +800°C in atmospheric conditions. The choice of temperature and test environment is determined by the prospects of creating spacecraft drives for operation without lubrication in extreme conditions. The researches have shown that the modified friction surface of CCCM in the environment of tellurium, selenium and polytetrafluoroethylene combined with steel 40X13 reduces the coefficient of friction. At a load of 1.0 MPa, sliding speeds of 0.05; 0.16; 0.25 m/s and a temperature range of +20°C - +600°C, the friction coefficient does not exceed the value of 0.3. At a temperature of 600°C, a load of 1.0 MPa, and a speed of 0.16 m/s, the friction coefficient of the samples treated in tellurium, selenium, and polytetrafluoroethylene environments is 1.8 and 4.8 times lower than that of CCCM, respectively.
Phyto mass accumulation and the carbon potential of modal fir stands determination in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk-Kansk podtaezhno-forest-steppe region
Authors: Kalachev V A , Vais A A , Anuev E A , Martynova D O
Published: September 2020

The research paper presents two stages of the study. At the first stage, table sketches of the growth progress of modal fir plantations for the mixed and green-moss type forests of the Kansk forest district and the mixed and fern-mossy groups of the Biryusinsk precinct of the Minino forest district were developed. At the second stage, using the conversion method, the conversion coefficients of the fractions of branches, needles and roots were calculated and the age-related dynamics of the phytomass of modal fir plantations of various typological-territorial groups, with its division into fractions, was determined, and the carbon stock was calculated. As a result of the studies, it was found that a high level of phytomass accumulation and carbon reserve are characterized by fir plantations of the fern-moss type of the forest of the Krasnoyarsk subtaiga region. The total phytomass of the trees of the age being up to 150 years was 205.7 t · m-3, and the carbon stock was 102.8 t / ha. The lowest indices for the mixed grass firs of the Kansk forest-steppe were established; according to the data obtained, the total plant phytomass was 123.9 t / ha by 160 and carbon 62 t / ha.
Ecopathology of the Lipetsk region through environmental factors
Authors: Antonenkov Yu E , Shurshukov Yu Yu
Published: September 2020

The pathology of the Lipetsk region, as a subject of the Russian Federation, is diverse and diverse. Environmental factors that produce this pathology on the population require close attention. The study of the subject under study is conducted recently, but risk factors manifested in other regions, like this one, make it possible to conclude that the positive results obtained in an environmentally unfavorable territory, against the background of insufficient security, can push and lead to even better results in more optimized territories. This conclusion sets up for even more fruitful work in the studied subject of Russia in relation to the risk factors of environmental pathology.
Determination of the optimal incline angle of the incision of the cutting machine of the tuber grinder of potatoes
Authors: Shukhanov S N , Ovchinnikova N I , Kosareva A V , Dorzhiev A C
Published: September 2020

For research, we used a root crop grinder with improved operational properties, which ensures the grinding of juicy vegetable raw materials (fodder, sugar and semi-sugar beets, rutabaga, turnips, carrots, potatoes) into pieces in the form of a parallelepiped of sizes corresponding to zootechnical requirements. The rationale for the action of forces on tubers in a stationary reference system in the process of cutting potatoes is given, the shape of which, with some assumption, is accepted as a ball. Based on the laws of mechanics, the authors obtained an analytical expression of the value of the optimum angle of inclination of the contradiction of the cutting apparatus of a particular chopper, depending on the size of the tuber, the height of the horizontal knife and the coefficient of friction. Given the values of these parameters, it is possible to fully carry out a theoretical and practical analysis of the limiting value of the angle of inclination of the contradiction of the cutting apparatus and its effect on the rolling of the tuber, as well as on its pinching.
Development of a methodology for assessing the parameters of the state of crops and soil environment for crops according to remote sensing of the Earth
Authors: Mikhailenko I M , Timoshin V N
Published: September 2020

Improving the efficiency of agriculture is impossible without the use of innovative solutions, among which it is necessary to highlight information technology and the use of the capabilities of the digital economy. To the greatest extent, these opportunities are manifested in such a new technological direction as precision farming which has received a new impetus for development in connection with the expanding use of remote sensing of the Earth. However, it should be noted that the use of remote sensing means for more than twenty years has so far had little effect on the effectiveness of precision farming technologies. This is due to the insufficient development of the scientific and methodological base for the use of remote sensing in the monitoring and control of agricultural technologies. Until now, the enormous opportunities of modern remote sensing tools are reduced to the construction and study of various types of vegetation indices, according to which it is impossible to make control decisions in precision farming systems. This problem is especially acute in control systems for the processes of applying mineral fertilizers, which are the main technological operations in crop production. Here, scientific and technological progress concerned only the mechanization of soil sampling at fixed points in the field and subsequent laboratory analysis of the samples. Each sampling point is considered representative for a field plot with an area of 5 to 15 ha. Such a technology for obtaining information is not only very laborious, but also carries big errors in the subsequent justification of fertilizer doses. The aim of this work is the further development of scientific and methodological foundations and software and hardware assessment tools according to remote sensing data of the content of the main nutrients in plants and soil.
Network interaction of educational institutions: the practice of using in extended environmental education and upbringing
Authors: Kondaurova T I , Fetisova N E , Vedeneev A V , Zverev A V , Reut L A
Published: September 2020

The experience in organizing the network interaction of educational institutions in the field of extended environmental education and upbringing is revealed. The model of the regional network interaction is presented, which is the model of the “resource concentrated network”, the central link of which is the resource center - Volgograd State Socio-Pedagogical University. The specificities are determined and substantiated, inhered of the implementation of the regional model of the network interaction of educational institutions in conditions of the digital educational environment of the University, in extended environmental education and upbringing of students. The obtained results of testing of the regional model of network interaction in extended environmental education and upbringing of students, allow us to speak about the effectiveness of the selected model.