bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P‐4.5: Double‐layer Waveguide System for Improving the Optical Efficiency
Authors: Guo Yusong , Cai Jiahao , Zhang Zhensong , Guo Min , Feng Qibin , Wang Zi , Lv Guoqiang
Published: June 2024

Conventional volume holographic waveguide display devices have the disadvantage of low optical efficiency, making it difficult to meet the needs of outdoor applications. Back‐coupling loss (BCL) can severely decrease the optical efficiency of VHG‐based waveguide systems and thin substrate and angular selectivity of the volume holographic grating (VHG) are the two main reasons of BCL. In this paper, a simple and effective double‐layer waveguide system is proposed to degrade BCL. The simulation results show that the optical efficiency of the double‐layer waveguide system is improved from 5.57% of the single‐layer waveguide to 7.41% of the double‐layer waveguide.
P‐4.6: Curved augmented reality display using printed freeform holographic optical element
Authors: Shu Tian , Pei Chunyang , Wu Rengmao , Li Haifeng
Published: June 2024

We propose a methodfor designing and fabricating freeform HOEs on curved optical substrates that can be utilized to implement curved augmented reality (AR) displays. Compared with conventional HOEs, freeform HOEs can enhance image performance and enlarge degrees of freedom in design. In our method, the phase profiles of the freeform HOE on the curved surface are first optimized to achieve good image performance. Then, recording wavefronts are optimized to improve uniformity of diffraction efficiency and converted into wavefronts for a planar substrate. The conversion relationship between curved HOEs and planar HOEs is analyzed. A holographic printer has been developed for fabricating freeform HOEs on a flat substrate temporarily, which are then pasted onto the curved substrate. A simple application case of curved freeform HOE is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
P‐4.9: A comprehensive study of VR exposure therapy combined with EEG signals in the treatment of psychiatric disorders
Authors: Li Hanwen , Li Zhengping , Wang Lijun
Published: June 2024

Virtual reality (VR) is an immersive technology that can be used to generate scenes of emotional responses. For people with psychological problems, negative emotions can be treated with the help of virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET). EEG signals can more accurately reflect the types of emotions, make up for the lack of emotion recognition, make the treatment more targeted, and the intervention treatment using virtual environment combined with the accurate recognition of emotions by EEG signals can more effectively achieve the therapeutic effect. Therefore, this paper comprehensively explores the research progress of EEG emotion recognition and exposure therapy, studies new psychotherapy regimens carried out in cooperation with therapists, and identifies some key technologies to create a more commercially effective VRET treatment.
P‐4.12: Narrow channel a‐IGZO TFTs for 1500PPI VR LTPO LCD display
Authors: Zhao Huihui. , Cheng Hong. , Zhang Chunpeng. , Ai Fei.
Published: June 2024

In this paper, LTPO structure was used to develop 1500PPI LCD VR display device, and LTPS TFT process structure was used for peripheral driving to ensure excellent driving performance. The display area adopts oxide TFT process structure to achieve high transmittance of 1.45%, which is more than 23.9% higher than LTPS TFT structure. In addition, in order to achieve high pixel density, narrow channel IGZO‐TFT with W/L=3/3.5 was applied as pixel TFT. The IGZO‐TFT showed excellent PBTS and NBTIS stability, the Vth shift (|ΔVth|) of PBTS和NBTIS stress were 0.36 V and 0.06V.
P‐4.13: Flexible multi‐view synthesis from a single image
Authors: Chen Yusi , An Zhanfu , Liu Yuyu , Jiang Xingqun
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes a multi‐view autostereoscopic content synthesis technique for glasses‐free 3D display devices. This technology uses deep learning methods to construct 3D implicit representations to ensure geometric consistency between viewpoints. At inferencing time, our method takes a single RGB image as input and generates a 3D implicit representation of the input view frustum. When rendering new viewpoints, the size of the 3D content's parallax, the screen‐in/out ratio, and the number of viewpoints can be adjusted by setting the external parameters of the virtual camera. Thus, it can adapt to glasses‐free 3D display devices with different optical designs.
P‐4.15: Multi‐Viewpoint Glasses‐Free 3D Display Technology Based on Representation Fusion NeRF
Authors: Huang Wenhao , Surman Philip A. , Sun Xiao Wei
Published: June 2024

The intense visual impact brought about by glasses‐free 3D display has changed people's perception of traditional display, garnering increasing attention and research, and it is anticipated to reach a market size of billions of dollars within the next five years. However, a challenge lies in the scarcity of display content resources and their high degree of manual customization, leading to elevated costs for three‐dimensional (3D) display deployment, hindering widespread adoption. We propose a novel approach that combines a three‐dimensional reconstruction technique, specifically Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF), with multi‐viewpoint synthesis. Meanwhile, we integrate the Signed Distance Function (SDF) into the volume rendering framework of the reconstruction algorithm for representation fusion optimization. Finally, we utilize lenticular lens arrays to realize the 3D display effect. Experimental results show that our method achieves superior high‐quality reconstruction compared to previous algorithms and provides efficient display of custom‐captured scenes.
P‐4.18: Improvement Plan for High Brightness MiniLED BLU VR Crosstalk
Authors: Huang Can , Yu Yinyin , Liao Zihao , Song Dewei , Ai Fei , Xie Zhongjin
Published: June 2024

With the rise of the concept of “meta‐universe”, VR/AR products have received more and more attention. This paper introduces the crosstalk problem of ultra‐high resolution VR products. The mechanism of the ultra‐high resolution VR crosstalk problem is discussed. Crosstalk problems, such as the reduction of high‐light backlight by membrane optimization, are studied in depth. Finally, it briefly introduces the technical challenges facing the resolution improvement of ultra‐high resolution VR.
P‐4.19: Tuning the Diffraction Efficiency of Polarization Volume Grating by UV Erosion
Authors: Lin Nan , Weng Yishi , Wang Chuang , Gu Yuchen , Wei Ran , Wang Wei , Zhang Yuning
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we demonstrate a method of utilizing UV erosion to regulate the diffraction efficiency of polarization volume grating (PVG). This approach enables facile patterned control of PVG diffraction efficiency while ensuring the integrity of the diffraction element. Upon short‐duration UV erosion, a noticeable decrease in diffraction efficiency is observed. Following prolonged exposure to UV erosion, the central wavelength of PVG exhibits a red shift, accompanied by an extension in wavelength bandwidth response.
P‐4.21: Design and Fabrication of Short‐Focus Lenses Based on Pancharatnam‐Berry Optical Elements
Authors: Pan Xusheng , Weng Yishi , Wei Ran , Gu Yuchen , Zhang Yuning
Published: June 2024

A method for the design and fabrication of short‐focus liquid crystal Pancharatnam‐Berry lenses is demonstrated. With Electromagnetic modeling of dual‐twist lens by finite element method, the relationship between lens diffraction efficiency and f‐number is revealed. A fabrication light path of preparing small f‐number and short‐focal lenses by polarization holography is proposed, and the small f‐number microlens array is prepared experimentally. Both simulation and experimental results are presented and discussed.
P‐4.23: Design of High‐Angular Uniformity Two‐Dimensional Gratings for AR Head‐Mounted Devices
Authors: Yang Hui , Li Ziyin , Li Haifeng , Liu Xu
Published: June 2024

We have designed a two‐dimensional surface relief grating for waveguide input coupling in augmented reality (AR) displays, characterized by a large field of view and high angular uniformity. The initial structure of this grating is based on effective refractive index theory. We utilized a Downhill Simplex algorithm to optimize the efficiency of the first transmission diffraction order. With high diffraction efficiency, the optimized structure achieves 88% angular uniformity within a 27‐degree field of view (FOV). The final structure is simple and easy to fabricate.
P‐4.25: AR Waveguide Display with Enlarged Eyebox Based on Polarization Volume Gratings
Authors: Lin Zijian , Zhang Wanglong , Jin Huajian , Yao Lisheng , Yan Qun , Guo Tailiang , Chen Enguo
Published: June 2024

The optical waveguide shows advantages in terms of exit pupil and appearance shape, and is the mainstream method of AR combiner in the future. The method of exit pupil expansion is to diffract and derive the waveguide along the propagation direction for many times, so that the brightness of the exit pupil gradually darkens in space along the direction of light propagation, resulting in the unevenness of the exit pupil. Especially, polarization volume grating (PVG) is used as a coupler, PVG only responds to one of the circularly polarized light, and the orthogonal circularly polarized light will be directly transmitted. Therefore, a waveguide AR engine based on PVG is proposed here, and the left‐handed circularly polarized light and right‐handed circularly polarized light are used to expand the range of the eyebox without reducing its brightness uniformity. The experimental test results show that the range of the eye box is doubled while maintaining 66.6% global uniformity at a horizontal field of view of 32.8°.
P‐4.29: The Research on Virtual Reality Field Based on Gesture Recognition
Authors: Zhang Junshuai , Wang Yanfei , Wang Lijun
Published: June 2024

In recent years, gesture recognition technology has been increasingly used in the field of virtual reality. Applying gesture recognition technology to the field of virtual reality is an important method to improve the immersion of virtual reality. This article introduces the main algorithms of vision‐based gesture recognition technology, such as convolutional neural network (CNN), introduces interactive devices widely used in virtual reality applications, and finally systematically analyzes the application of gesture recognition technology in virtual reality such as emergency rescue and education training. The current application status in real fields and prospects for future development.
P‐4.30: Integral compressive light field display based on multi layers and micro lens array
Authors: Chen Qiyang , Chen Zhiyu , Wang Zi , Lv Guoqiang , Feng Qibin
Published: June 2024

Light‐field three‐dimension (3D) displays have been the subject of much research. The compressive light field (CLF) through multilayer stacking is limited by the low transmittance of liquid crystals to the number of layers, and the integral imaging through the combination of two‐dimensional display panels and micro lenses array (MLA) is limited by the processing size of micro lenses to the resolution. Therefore, the integral CLF by combining multilayer liquid crystal display (LCD) and MLA is proposed. It combines the characteristics of high resolution of CLF and high brightness and large depth of field of integral imaging. Simulation results demonstrate the improved image quality due to the resolution enhancement of the integral CLF compared to conventional integral imaging.
P‐4.32: Research on Natural Background Text Recognition Technology Based on AR Glasses
Authors: Zhang Kang , Zhang Xiong , Zhong Xuefei , Fan Zhaowen
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes a novel application of AR glasses by deploying the YOLOv7 object detection algorithm on AR glasses devices. It enables the recognition and magnification of specific target objects, such as text in natural environmental backgrounds and traffic lights. This application aims to assist elderly people with visual impairments in identifying textual information and traffic light signals in their daily lives. We have carried out the design for two application scenarios: assisted reading and daily traffic. The feasibility of proposed design is verified through experiments.
P‐4.34: Virtual Reality Content Generation for Anxiety and Stress Management: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Developments
Authors: Zheng Yujia , Li Zhengping , Ma Weizhi , Li Tianhao , Zheng Jiaxiang , Wang Lijun
Published: June 2024

Anxiety and stress pose significant mental health challenges in modern society, with traditional exposure therapy showing limitations, necessitating the quest for more effective interventions. Virtual reality (VR) technology has emerged as a promising tool for anxiety and stress management. This systematic review examines VR's application in anxiety and stress management from 2000 to 2023, drawing from three electronic databases: IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, and ScienceDirect. The review highlights VR's potential in anxiety and stress management, particularly through virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET), relaxation training (RT), and virtual‐reality‐based cognitive behavioral therapy (VR‐CBT). These approaches have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing anxiety levels and improving relaxation skills. Despite its promise, VR's application faces challenges such as high technical costs, device convenience, validation of long‐term effects, and personalized treatment plans. Further research is needed to assess VR therapy's long‐term effects and application value comprehensively. Future directions for VR in anxiety and stress management include the development of more intelligent and personalized treatment plans, leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) technology. Large‐scale clinical trials and long‐term follow‐up studies are essential to validate VR technology's efficacy and support its widespread application in mental health care.
P‐5.4: Ghost Removal HDR Fusion Algorithm Based on Enhanced Reference Image
Authors: Nie Wenxuan , Yan Limin
Published: June 2024

In the field of digital image processing, high dynamic range (HDR) image technology is widely used in digital photography, medical imaging, virtual reality and other fields. However, inconsistent motion areas may occur when shooting dynamic scenes. Therefore, ghost detection needs to be performed on the image sequence. When an image sequence with moving areas is processed using the static multi‐exposure method and fused to generate an HDR image, since the moving area occupies a certain proportion, the moving area in the final image will have overlapping images, unclear details, and reduced image quality. In response to the above phenomenon, this paper proposes a ghost removal fusion algorithm based on enhanced reference images. While ensuring more texture details in the image, it also reduces the fusion time of the image. The fused image has natural colors and can effectively solve the ghost phenomenon that occurs during the processing of HDR images.
P‐5.6: Synergistic Low‐Light Image Enhancement: A Fusion of Dark Channel Dehazing and K‐means Clustering
Authors: Xue Nan , Chen Zhiheng , Yan Limin
Published: June 2024

In critical areas such as security surveillance and nocturnal navigation, low‐light image enhancement is crucial. However, current algorithms face challenges such as uneven brightness, noise amplification, and haze artifacts, which compromise image quality and utility. This paper introduces a novel enhancement algorithm that integrates dark channel prior with K‐means clustering, resulting in uniform brightness and reduced noise. A dark channel dehazing technique has been enhanced to further reduce haze artifacts. Our algorithm's superiority in restoring true colors and outperforming existing algorithms has been demonstrated through comprehensive evaluation on the DICM dataset and low‐light color charts, affirming its effectiveness in low‐light scenarios.
P‐5.7: Examining Pressure‐sensitive Damping Silicone Adhesive with Excellent Cushioning Capabilities for AMOLED Display
Authors: Fan Xuelin , Gu Yu , Liu Renjie
Published: June 2024

With the market for organic light‐emitting diodes expanding, the devices' cushioning capabilities and lightweight design are attracting more attention and causing issues. In this study, a unique type of pressure‐sensitive silicone adhesive is proposed. Meanwhile, a damping silicone pressure‐sensitive adhesive is added to the light‐emitting diode module, increasing its drop height from 40 to 55 mm and satisfying the controlled demand for the cushioning quality.
P‐5.8: Investigation of Acrylic Inkjet Printed OCR for Mid‐Size Flexible OLED
Authors: Gu Yu , Liu Yunxiao , Fan Xuelin , Liu Renjie
Published: June 2024

The application of acrylic ester inkjet printing OCR on medium‐sized flexible OLED display modules will have significant advantages in terms of cost and performance. Therefore, we tested multiple inkjet printing OCR with different characteristics and summarized the relevant material specifications, providing technical references for the application of inkjet printing OCR on flexible OLED modules.
P‐5.9: Spherical Forming‐A Design and Production of Spherical Display from 2D Plane to 3D Surface
Authors: Li Siyu , Li Konglai , Wu Pei , Li Mingsheng
Published: June 2024

OLED flexible displays technology has been rapidly developing, but the main lamination process of it is still in 2D status. Due to wrinkles and other issues, currently there is not much experience in mass production for the 3D lamination. In this work, we mainly designed a spherical cover glass, and realized the lamination of it and flexible displays. We also proposed a solution for wrinkles during the lamination process.
P‐5.13: Wrinkle‐free stack‐up design of watch display with 3D spherical glass by FEM simulation
Authors: Shuangbing Zhang , Qi Wang , Konglai Li , Fang Zhang
Published: June 2024

The use of 3D glass as a cover will significantly improve the stylish sense of the product and provide a wider display interface. However flexible film are notoriously difficult to fully conform to non‐developable surface such as spheres. The greatest challenge when trying to attaching flexible display to 3D spherical glass is avoiding wrinkling phenomenon at the edge of flexible display. In this paper the finite element method is used to study the optimization of the stack‐up to avoid obvious wrinkling phenomenon. We confirm that the modulus and thickness of Optical Clear Adhesive(OCA) between flexible modulus and 3D glass cover have decisive impact on the formation of wrinkles. A wrinkle‐free watch product was successfully fabricated by replacing the low‐modulus OCA with high‐modulus OCA or by reducing the thickness of low‐modulus OCA to 50μm.
P‐5.16: Research on Enhancing the Lifetime of a‐Si TFT‐LCD Outdoor Displays
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhang Wei , Zhao Lixing , Zhang Ruifeng , Li Xiang , He Xinyue , Chen Kai , Zhao Jian , Liu Jianmin , Yi Hongliang , Liao Yanping , Wang Zhangtao
Published: June 2024

We demonstrated a 75‐inch 4K 60Hz outdoor display with an open cell brightness of 3500 nits and regular service life greater than 30000 hours. In terms of design, we focused on improving transistor shading. In the process, efforts were made to reduce transistor Ioff and enhance TFT working stability. And in the circuit aspect, a time‐varying voltage compensation IC was employed.
P‐5.17: Research on a novel low reflectivity composite film for borderless LCD display applications
Authors: Zhao Lixing , Zhang Wei , Wang Tao , Liu Quanzhou , Zhang Ruifeng , Liu Zexu , Liao Yanping , Wang Zhangtao
Published: June 2024

A novel low reflectivity composite film using commonly used film materials in TFT technology for borderless LCD display applications was investigated and prepared in this paper, and the design of low reflectivity structure was also given. Experimental result shows that by depositing ITO/MoNb/ITO/Cu on glass with optimized film thickness, the reflectivity at 550nm can be reduced to 4.39%. It is also found that the total visible light reflectivity and performance in the long‐wavelength spectrum can be adjusted by varying the film thickness of ITO and MoNb.
P‐5.18: Research on the new type of Full Attachment Double‐sided LCD Screen
Authors: Wang Chaoyue , Liu Jianming , Yu Xunwang , Zhang Wei , Dai Ke , Gao Yujie , Wang Zhangtao , Zhang Mingqi
Published: June 2024

In this paper, a new type of full attachment double‐sided liquid crystal display is designed. The liquid crystal screen and optical films are bonded by OCA called full‐ attachment LCD. The double‐sided display mentioned in this paper uses the same light source on both sides, and the light guide plate is made of glass material or nano material. The double‐sided display designed in this paper is ultra‐thin and the border is extremely narrow. It uses a full attachment optical architecture, higher utilization of light sources, and lower power consumption. Because it does not require a double‐sided backplane design, it is lighter. Its performance has been improved, and its cost has been reduced.
P‐5.22: An Array of Microstructure for Anti‐Reflective Film
Authors: Zhang Ziyan , Hou Tingxiu , Chen Xiuyun , Hao Qianqian , Du Jingjun , Zhang Wei , Wang Guangquan
Published: June 2024

Anti‐reflective (AR) films are now widely used in consumer electronic devices. However, due to their properties, conventional methods of reflection reduction are severely limited in practical applications. In recent years, subwavelength artificial microstructures have been used for electromagnetic wave modulation, providing a new idea for the anti‐reflection of electromagnetic waves. We simulated an array of microstructures and selected an anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) template with physical parameters similar to those of the microstructures to prepare reflection‐reducing films. We tested the reflectance spectra of liquid crystal module (LCM) before and after lamination with the anti‐reflective film, and the results show that the reflectance of LCM is relatively reduced by about 60% compared with that of the LCM before the anti‐reflective film is laminated, which enhances the display effect.
P‐6.2: The Research of New Umbrella Structure based on High Light Efficiency of OLED
Authors: Xia Guijiao , Xiao Zhihui , Fan Wenzhi , Xu Weiqi , Huang Genmao , Liu Linqing
Published: June 2024

Low‐power, high brightness of OLED are increasingly sought after by the market. Based on the optimization of the light extraction structure, the new umbrella structure prepared by processing interface of OC and ink increases light output efficiency and reduces power consumption. Compared with the no‐MLA structure, the new structure improves the optical efficiency by 17% via optimizing the light path and concentrating the low angle light. The conventional trapezoidal light structure only increases light efficiency by 10%.
P‐6.3: A novel mode of device failure due to the photosensitive properties of silicon oxide defects
Authors: Yang Congxing , Zhang Chunpeng , Ai Fei
Published: June 2024

In order to improve the optical effect of LCD display device, the full‐silicon‐oxide structure of Buffer film is introduced into the actual product. However, the lack of silicon oxide film structure will lead to increased risk of product reliability. Different from the diffusion effect of alkaline cations from glass substrates in previous literature, this paper mainly analyzes the novel failure effect of thin film transistors (TFT) caused by the defects of silicon oxide film. The main reason for the device failure under the bias condition is that the photosensitive characteristics of the silicon oxide defect cause the TFT device threshold voltage shift and failure. The dynamic process of the defect, transport and actual action on the TFT device is further explained. Finally, the reliability of the device is improved by optimizing the parameters. This will provide a new reference for the actual failure analysis of display devices.
P‐6.10: Color Demura compensation technology for small and medium‐sized AMOLED modules
Authors: Chen Feng , Peng Tao , Ge Mingwei , Zhu Xiujian
Published: June 2024

Traditional Mono industrial cameras can only capture the brightness information of objects, unable to obtain color information. Therefore, when dealing with the problem of uneven AMOLED brightness, Mono industrial cameras can judge the screen brightness situation by detecting brightness differences and make corresponding adjustments. On the other hand, color industrial cameras have the ability to capture both brightness and color information of objects, which can simultaneously solve the problems of brightness and chromaticity unevenness. They have broader prospects on Demura compensation and CUC compensation for future.
P‐6.14: Improvement of Image Sticking Performance in AMOLED Display by Extending Scan Pulse Width via a Novel Driving Circuit
Authors: Huang Genmao , Sun Guangyuan , Ma Zhili , Wang Xiangqian , Shan Qi , Zhu Xiujian
Published: June 2024

In this study, a novel driving circuit which could extend scan pulse width was proposed and integrated into AMOLED panel. Each scan circuit in gate‐in‐panel region contains four groups of clock signals, while the pixel circuit in active area incorporates dual data line design, in combination with a 1:4 demux circuit in the down border. The measured just noticeable difference values of short‐term and medium‐term image sticking were decreased by more than 25% in LTPS AMOLED modules. This work offers a feasible and effective method to improve the image quality in future flexible AMOLED displays.
P‐6.15: Improving High Speed Signal transmission Attenuation in Driving System of Large Size Display
Authors: Huang Yu‐peng , Zhang Xiu‐qin , Bing‐Li  , Lai Yi‐qiang , Lin Li‐feng , Liu Rong‐cheng , Zhang Yin‐Long
Published: June 2024

With the rapid increase in size and frame rate of TV products, high‐ speed data transmission has become a major issue to be solved. This paper studied the PCB impact factors of high‐speed digital signal transmission on large‐sized display panels, like channel loss, crosstalk between adjacent signals, etc. Simultaneously, improvement methods for signal amplitude attenuation in panel transmission systems was proposed. Based on 98’ 4K 120Hz TV product platform, the signal attenuation of transmission system was evaluated, and the effectiveness of the improvement schemes also was verified, the result shows signal quality in system can be improved above 20%.
P‐6.16: Design of Hardware Accelerator for Real‐Time Edge Detection System Based on FPGA
Authors: Yuan Liujun , Hu Yanzhuo , Hu Lunze , Chen Enguo , Xu Sheng , Guo Tailiang , Ye Yun
Published: June 2024

Edge detection is an important research field in image processing and computer vision, especially in feature extraction. The detection efficiency of the traditional Sobel edge detection algorithm is reduced due to serial instructions, and its recognition ability for complex image textures is weak. The threshold needs to be set artificially. In this context, we present an improved Sobel algorithm, which enlarges the traditional operator convolution factor size to 5×5, extends the direction to 16 directions, and introduces the median as a local adaptive threshold for judgment. The improved algorithm is implemented using FPGA and MATLAB respectively, and processes image data with a resolution of 1280×720. The experimental results show that: When the clock frequency of the image processing module is 84 MHz, the FPGA processes a 1280×720 image in about 0.0109 s, while the MATLAB processes the same image in an average time of 0.915 s. The Sobel edge detection algorithm proposed in this work effectively denoises the image while also detecting the edge information of the image efficiently and accurately. The algorithm processing speed is improved by about 84 times, which can well meet the real‐time requirements of video image processing systems.
P‐6.17: Design of Compact A‐PWM Gate Driver Based on LTPS TFTs for Progressive‐Mode μLED Displays
Authors: Zhu Yuxuan , Qian Lingxiao , Song Zhibang , Zheng Xin , Liao Congwei , Zhang Shengdong
Published: June 2024

A compact gate driver using p‐type low‐temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) was proposed for Micro‐Light Emitting diodes (μLEDs) display using progressive emission analog pulse‐width modulation (A‐PWM) approach. The gate driver contains a simple waveform shaping module and outputs multiple sweep signals, including SW[n], EM[n], and S[n], by reusing the bootstrap node. Compared with conventional schemes, the proposed gate driver renders static power consumption reduction of the μLED display by 29.2%.
P‐7.4: Research on the Application of Liquid Optically Clear Adhesive for Foldable OLED
Authors: Chen Chuang , Liu Ming xing , Chen Ling yan , Wu Ya feng , Liu Yun xiao , Meng Tao
Published: June 2024

This study explores the application of Liquid Optical Clear Adhesive (LOCA) in flexible display modules using inkjet printing technology. We started by selecting and testing the printing and mechanical characteristics of the LOCA material, ultimately determining the optimal viscosity window and suitable LOCA material for our needs. Next, we established the inkjet printing process for LOCA and validated the curing process based on peel strength results. Finally, we produced folding modules using LOCA and conducted folding tests, which demonstrated satisfaction of the 200,000‐cycles folding requirement.
P‐7.6: Systematic Study on Inkjet Printing Features of Polyimide Solution Used in Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Zhao Duokai , Zhao Ting , Zhao Yongchao , Chen Jie , Li Ji , Zhang Shengdong
Published: June 2024

The printing feature of polyimide solution (PI) used in liquid crystal display (TFT‐LCD) was important, which will influence the alignment of liquid crystal and further the display effect. By changing the solvents and the molecular weight, we adjust the hydrodynamic parameters of PI solution, including surface tension, viscosity and density. The result show that by systematically adjust PI solution, we can control the printable voltage window of PI solution on inkjet printing equipment, which can be useful in mass product, considering the allowed voltage window is limited in actual usage.
P‐7.10: Investigations on the Mechanization and Key Factors for Strength Improvement of Display Panel†
Authors: Liu Yi , Wang Shijun , Wang Jiguo , Chen Xi
Published: June 2024

The evaluation methods and mechanization of strength on TFT‐LCD panels were investigated in this paper. Different measurements focused on different strength characteristics, which depend on relative key factors. Based on the strength characteristics, the key factors of strength failures was explored by a step by step test of process flow, which could lead to thinking of improvements. Furthermore, various ideas and results were implied and measured. The methods and of improvements were assessed. Besides that, the key points of future work were also concluded.
P‐7.13: Analysis and research on the effect of static electricity for ultra large OLED display
Authors: Cheng Leilei , Zhou Bin , Wang Haitao , Cheng Jun , Yan Liangchen , Yu Jianwei
Published: June 2024

In the process of TFT manufacturing, the display device IGZO‐ TFT is more likely to produce electrostatic discharge due to the complexity of the process, and the performance of the device will be reduced due to the destruction of the device. Based on the process steps and mechanism analysis of ESD occurrence, the method to improve static electricity is applied for the 95‐inch 8K OLED display without ESD mura.
P‐7.14: Design and Analysis of Protection for TFT Single‐layer Area in Display Module
Authors: Guo Cunqing , Zhong Peng , Zhang Ziyan , Du Jingjun , Zhang Wei , Chen Xiuyun , Wang Guangquan
Published: June 2024

The objective of this paper was to investigate the effectiveness of retaining walls of backlight units in protecting TFT single‐layer areas through mechanical test simulations conducted on the ANSYS. Two models were constructed: one with retaining walls incorporated into the mold frame of the backlight unit and the other without. Varying levels of force were then applied to the cover glasses of both models. A comparative analysis was conducted on the stress and deformation observed in the TFT single‐layer area of both models. The results indicated that retaining walls exhibited a certain protective effect on the TFT single‐layer area when the cover glass was exposed to external forces.
P‐7.16: Research on Influencing Factors of Ball Impact Test of Flexible AMOLED Display Module
Authors: Fan LiuBin , Feng ShiZhen , Huang Genmao , Zhu Xiujian , Wang Xiangqian , Xu YuFeng , Jia Fu , Xu ZhiJPeng , Dong Zhao
Published: June 2024

Based on ABAQUS mechanical simulation software and different types of falling ball test jigs, this paper analyzes in detail the influence of different falling ball test jig on test results from the factor of the stress size of the display layer and the distribution of falling ball energy. The final conclusion is as follows: Increasing the gap between the AMOLED display module and the falling ball test jig can effectively reduce the force on the display layer and reduce the damage effect of the ball on the display layer.
P‐7.26: The study on cost down and performance improvement of Foldable display module
Authors: leichao Zhang , fang zhang , wangyu  , yaling wang
Published: June 2024

In this paper, the mechanical properties and bending risk of PET(Polyethylene terephthalate), a cost‐reducing material in flexible modules, are studied through the study of the mechanism of wrinkles, and the direction of material improvement and structural improvement is proposed, so as to improve the bending performance of the module.
P‐8.5: Research on Flowmeter Signal Processing Method Based on Improved Kalman Filterust
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxiao
Published: June 2024

Flowmeter is an instrument for measuring the flow rate of fluid, which is widely used in industrial, agricultural, environmental and other fields. However, the signal of flowmeter is often affected by various noises and interferences, which reduces the measurement accuracy. In order to improve the signal quality of flowmeter, this paper proposes a flowmeter signal processing method based on adaptive Kalman filter. This method uses the advantages of Kalman filter, combined with adaptive algorithm, dynamically adjusts the process noise covariance matrix and measurement noise covariance matrix, and realizes the effective filtering and estimation of flowmeter signal. This research takes the water flow signal processing based on Kalman filter as an example, and verifies the effectiveness and superiority of this method through simulation and experiment. The results show that this method can effectively suppress the noise and interference in the flowmeter signal, improve the measurement accuracy and stability of the flowmeter, and is suitable for different working conditions and different types of flowmeters.
P‐8.6: Methods of Ghost Measurement and Mitigation in Virtual Reality Pancake Optical System
Authors: Rui Congshan , Zhang Le , Liang Jiaojiao , Li Yining , Hou Tianwen , Zang Shunli , Wang Chaohao , Zhao Lei
Published: June 2024

In the VR optical system, the pancake optics faces the problem of ghost, which is more serious than the conventional aspherical/Fresnel optics. The causes of pancake ghosts are different, thus the performance of pancake ghosts in the image is also different. Some of them can be clearly imaged, but some exist in the form of light spots. The presence of these ghosts seriously affects the image contrast. In this paper, ghost measurement and simulation methods are proposed, which obtains the Virtual image distance, position and brightness of the ghost image, and the cause of the ghost image is obtained by combining the simulation and measurement. Finally, ghost intensity was reduced from 4.68% to 2.39% using the ghost image mitigation methods. A pancake optical system was optimized and prototype was demonstrated, with a field of view of 108°, an exit pupil diameter of 10mm, and a ghost image intensity of less than 2.39%.
P‐8.7: Eye Tracking Capability Testing Platform and Results of Commerical VR Products
Authors: He Tao , Mei Guanghang , Zang Shunli , Wang Chaohao , Zhao Lei , Zhou Xiaochen
Published: June 2024

This article presents a noval testing methology and platform of spatial accuracy testing of the eye‐tracking systems. The proposed proprietary eye‐tracking test system designed to faithfully recreate scenarios of human gaze and provide true values for eye gaze directions. We evaluated the spatial accuracy, precision, and standard variance of the aforementioned virtual reality devices under field‐of‐view conditions of 15° and 20° with Product A and Product B. The results indicate that both A and B is capable of high eyetracking spatial accuracy which is less than 3°. The standard deviation values for A and B are small.
P‐9.1: Local Color Display Technology
Authors: Wu Weijian
Published: June 2024

The Local Color display technology utilizes a high refresh rate LCD open‐cell without a color filter, and enables color adjustment through independent RGB backlight zones that are isolated by an Anti‐Scatter Grid (ASG). Synchronized calibration between the open‐cell and the backlight zones is achieved by aligning the backlight controller with the Vertical Clock Pulse (CPV) / Vertical Start Pulse (STV) signals in the open‐cell gate driver, thereby determining the open‐cell scan line position. After the synchronous calibration is completed, the backlight controller refreshes the corresponding RGB backlight zones whenever the open‐cell scan line passes through them. The Local Color display technology can reduce the cost of open‐ cell by 20%, improve the resolution to 3x, improve the brightness to 8x, improve the color gamut to BT2020, and improve the grayscale to 32‐bits.
P‐9.2: High efficiency compression techniques of RGBA images for X‐Reality
Authors: Chen Chunhao , Wang YaWen , Zhao Hanhan , Zhang Rui
Published: June 2024

High‐resolution RGBA format images are widely used in X‐Reality for rendering, which makes RGBA image compression an indispensable part of data transmission process. As current majority of commonly used compression standards not supporting RGBA format and simple RGBA to RGB format conversion introduces irreversible Alpha channel information loss, we propose an image compression method. By extracting alpha channel information and concatenating it with the RGB part, combined with any general compression algorithm, the method showed effective RGBA image compression ability in experiment with lightly Alpha channel information loss.
P‐9.5: Research on Image Quality Improvement Methods for Large Screen Splicing Display
Authors: Li Jin , Xing Hao , Yang Baixin , Lin Yixuan , Liu Jinfeng , Chen Xiaolong , Wu Yu
Published: June 2024

Compared to integrated large screen displays, the splicing scheme that uses multiple display units for splicing has significant advantages in various aspects to achieve large screen displays. This article is based on MLCD (Mini LCD) display scheme that combines LCD and LED, and proposes various algorithms to improve the image quality of the splicing. It effectively solves the image quality problems that occur in MLCD display schemes, while taking into account the advantages of cost and maintenance, it can also fully leverage the image quality advantages. The splicing image quality improvement algorithm not only fills the gap in display effect improvement methods in the splicing display field, but also provides new ideas for the development of large screen image quality improvement technology.
P‐9.11: Overall Crosstalk Distribution Measurement of 3D Display Based on Camera
Authors: Luo Jin , Zheng Jianming , Huang Zhongpeng , Zhou Jianying , Wang Jiahui
Published: June 2024

Crosstalk is a key performance for stereoscopic display systems, especially auto‐stereoscopic displays. Previous methods used luminance meter just represent local ghosting of a small area but not overall crosstalk of the whole screen. Even the global crosstalk measurement which uses multi‐point detection to characterize the crosstalk uniformity, can not fully match the practical visual experience. To solute the above problem, this paper presents an overall crosstalk evaluation based on camera with photosensitivity calibration to measure crosstalk distribution of the whole screen
P‐9.20: Real‐time Rotating Display System Based on Active‐Matrix Micro‐LED Glass Backplane
Authors: He Guanxian , Zhao Yizhuo , Liao Weipeng , Wang Kai , Wu Yu
Published: June 2024

The rotating display system relies on the visual persistence characteristics of the human eye to realize the display of the complete picture. Active‐atrix Micro‐LED strips with high resolution and high gamut range based on glass backplane make this design extremely expressive in detail. The system adopts on‐chip CORDIC algorithm to realize fast rearrangement of images, and wireless transmission through 60GHz V‐band transceiver, so as to support real‐time image display. The system also includes display and rotation adaptive synchronization, brightness uniformity adjustment and other crucial function unit. All above functions improve the display performance obviously.
P‐10.1: Design and Optimization of Al2O3/Alucone Overlapping Film for Improved Water‐Oxygen Barrier Performance of Flexible Displays
Authors: Zhao JinWei , Peng Yuyan , Chen Chunliang , Zhou Xiongtu , Guo Tailiang , Yan Qun , Wu Chaoxing , Zhang Yongai
Published: June 2024

Thin‐film encapsulation plays an essential role in the stability of flexible displays. Although Al2O3 film has good water‐oxygen barrier properties, its bending performance needs to be enhanced. This paper inserts Alucone into Al2O3 film to generate Al2O3/Alucone overlapping film with good barrier and bending performance to improve the encapsulated devices. The finite element analyzing approach and the calcium dot arrays test are employed to investigate the influence of structural ratio and overlapping density on the water‐oxygen barrier and mechanical properties of the Al2O3/Alucone overlapping film. The results show that the proportion of Alucone sublayers in the Al2O3/Alucone overlapping film (with a total thickness of 60 nm) is directly proportional to the overlapping structure's ability to disperse stresses and inversely proportional to the overlapping structure's water‐oxygen barrier property. When the Al2O3/Alucone overlapping structure ratio is 1:1, the Al2O3/Alucone overlapping film can balance the bending and barrier properties. The bending property of Al2O3/Alucone overlapping film (Al2O3/Alucone ratio is 1:1, total thickness is 60 nm) diminishes with increasing overlapping density, and its water‐oxygen barrier property increases and then drops. Combining the results of the simulation and calcium dot arrays test, it is apparent that when the Al2O3/Alucone ratio is 1:1 and the overlapping density is 5, the Al2O3/Alucone overlapping film has good bending and barrier performance. This is expected to promote the development of commercial flexible display technology.
P‐10.6: Research on gray scale distortion correction method for hysteresis characteristics of electrowetting diaplay
Authors: Mei Ting , Xie Ziyu , Lin Shanling , Cai Bipeng , Lin Zhixian
Published: June 2024

Due to the hysteresis characteristics of electrowetting display, the luminance of the same driving voltage is different in the voltage rising stage and the voltage falling stage. In this paper, a gray distortion correction method for hysteresis characteristics of electrowetting display is proposed. Firstly, by measuring the influence of hysteresis characteristics on the photoelectric curve under different voltage ranges, the hysteresis curve model of electrowetting display was established by fitting the measured data. Based on this, the driving voltage mapping relationship of the same gray scale in different scenes is constructed, and finally the effect of reducing the luminance difference is achieved to reduce the gray distortion. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can effectively reduce the degree of distortion, and the maximum gray‐scale relative luminance difference is reduced from 20.07% to 0.01%, and the reduction ratio is 99.93%. The relative luminance difference was reduced by 10.84% on average, and the reduction ratio was 80.98%. The oil aperture ratio distortion is reduced from 5.67% to 0.13%, and the reduction ratio is 97.7%.
P‐10.12: Glucose Sensor Design based on Microneedle Integrated EG‐TFT
Authors: Zhao Junfeng , Li Yi , Liang Jie , Zhang Lei , Zhang Jianhua
Published: June 2024

We have designed an extended‐gate thin‐film transistor (EG‐TFT) enzyme sensor for the detection of glucose. The device is composed of a surface‐modified microneedle working electrode incorporating glucose oxidase (GOx) and Prussian blue (PB) alongside a reference electrode. The electrodes are connected to the gate and source of a transistor, respectively. The TFT structure of the device has a bottom gate and an insulating layer which protects the active layer. This system can bring higher sensitivity variation to conventional sensors, while combining with TFT to realize a more stable, integrated and flexible platform. By combining with microneedles to detect glucose in interstitial fluids for minimally invasive medical testing, the system successfully verified that there are different transistor current variations for different glucose concentrations. This platform will ultimately help to open up endless possibilities for effective healthcare and accurate clinical decision making.
P‐11.2: Study on the Optical Compensation Improvement Effect of Micro LEDs at Various Brightness Levels
Authors: Hao Zhiyang , li Xi , Zhao Shuang , Lyu Bojia , Zhuang Zhe , Liu Bin
Published: June 2024

Optical compensation (Demura) is a crucial technology in the production process of active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode (AMOLED). And with the continuous advancement of micro light‐emitting diode (Micro LED) technology, Demura techniques are also employed to enhance the quality of Micro LED products. This article initially applies an AMOLED full grayscale compensation scheme to perform compensation on a 9.38‐inch Micro LED sample. However, the compensation effect falls short of expectations. Subsequently, an analysis and compensation for the display effects of each grayscale level in Micro LED are conducted, highlighting the phenomenon that the Mura morphology and distribution of Micro LED change under different brightness levels. Finally, two methods are employed to carry out full grayscale compensation for Micro LED, achieving a notably effective compensation outcome.
P‐11.5: Realization of High PPI Transparent TFT Backplane and Its Application in Micro‐LED Display
Authors: Xie Mengmeng , Liu Xiaoli , Wu Yingying , Hu Yuqi , Chen Peixuan , Wang Meng , Jiang Wenxin , Wu Tianyi
Published: June 2024

This paper mainly introduces the implementation method of a high PPI transparent Micro‐LED display. By optimizing the pixel layout, proposing an innovative substrate array structure and process method, and introducing a high brightness uniformity driving scheme, a 8.07” high PPI transparent Micro‐LED display is produced while maintaining high PPI, while also considering high transmittance and high brightness, which proposes a new technology carrier for Micro‐LED transparent display applications.
P‐11.13: Organic‐Perovskite Bilayer Color Conversion Media for Full‐Color Displays
Authors: Liu Siyang , Ting Tam Bryan Siu , Zhu Mingchao , Ye Fanghao , Yan Yeung Fion Sze , Li Guijun , Dong Shou-Cheng
Published: June 2024

Color conversion media (CCM) are crucial for realizing cost‐effective, high‐resolution micro‐LED and OLED displays. In this work, we developed green and red organic‐perovskite bilayer CCM that combine the PLQY and color purity of perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) and the strong blue absorption of perylene‐based organic emitters. The bilayer with thickness of 300 nm showed over 99% blue absorption and PLQY of 77% and 61% for green and red CCM, respectively.