bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jak mówić dziś w Kościele o śmierci? Śmierć w kontekście pastoralnym w świetle De mortalitate św. Cypriana z Kartaginy
Authors: Kulik Bogdan
Published: December 2020

Tematu śmierci nie można pomijać w głoszeniu Ewangelii. Po pierwsze z tego powodu, że Chrystus zbawił nas, przyjmując śmierć dobrowolnie i pokonując ją przez swoje zmartwychwstanie. Po drugie dlatego, że śmierć jest elementem życia, który dotyczy każdego człowieka bez wyjątku. Jest przejściem, które prowadzi do pełnego połączenia się z Chrystusem. Ale jak o niej mówić w Kościele? Na co należy zwrócić szczególną uwagę? Jakiego języka używać? Artykuł jest próbą szukania odpowiedzi na postawione pytania w świetle nauczania o śmierci św. Cypriana biskupa i męczennika zawartego w jego dziele pt. De mortalitate. Tekst ten, pierwotnie będący najprawdopodobniej kazaniem, które następnie zostało spisane, powstał w czasach prześladowań chrześcijan i podczas szalejącej zarazy. Jest cennym świadectwem pasterskiej troski o powierzone sobie owce i przykładem mówienia o śmierci w kontekście pastoralnym.
Historia i współczesność duszpasterstwa więziennego w kontekście formowania postaw chrześcijańskich wśród więźniów
Authors: Wdowiszewski Andrzej
Published: December 2020

Instytucje kościelne od początków swego powstania otaczały opieką swoich wiernych, a także tych, którzy zostali skazani na karę pozbawienia wolności. W dawnych wiekach inicjowano pomoc duchową i materialną dla osób, które za wiarę trafi ały do więzień, a także zbierano fundusze do ich wykupu. Duchowny posługujący w więzieniu nie tylko spełniał funkcję spowiednika, ale także był edukatorem osadzonych, ucząc ich czytania, pisania, rachunków i religii. Współcześnie w Polsce i na świecie powstaje coraz więcej organizacji zrzeszających duchownych i świeckich, którzy w sposób kompleksowy zajmują się niesieniem pomocy więźniom, a także byłym więźniom oraz ich rodzinom. Głównym jednak zadaniem duszpasterzy więziennych pozostaje wciąż praca z osadzonymi nad ich życiem duchowym i formowaniem u nich właściwych postaw chrześcijańskich.
Duszpasterskie towarzyszenie małżonkom w pierwszych latach małżeństwa. Rola poradni rozpoznawania płodności
Authors: Brożek Monika
Published: December 2020

Osoba ludzka jest istotą płciową. Seksualność, związana z płodnością, jest jedną z podstawowych sfer życia małżeńskiego. Chociaż seksualność i płodność towarzyszą mężczyznom i kobietom przez całe życie, pierwsze lata życia małżeńskiego są szczególnym czasem ich doświadczania. Ten czas jest zwykle związany z pozytywnymi przeżyciami, które właściwie kształtują i rozwijają związek i wyrażają go w pełni jego bogactwa. Jednak seksualność może być również źródłem kryzysów, które pojawiają się na różnych płaszczyznach życia w pierwszych latach małżeństwa, a zwłaszcza po urodzeniu pierwszego dziecka. Towarzyszenie małżeństwom w przezwyciężaniu różnych kryzysów jest jednym z ważnych zadań, jakie papież Franciszek zaleca Kościołowi w swojej adhortacji apostolskiej Amoris laetitia. Celem niniejszej pracy jest próba dostrzeżenia roli i znaczenia poradni rozpoznawania płodności w towarzyszeniu parom małżeńskim w sytuacjach kryzysowych związanych ze sferą seksualności i płodności w pierwszych latach życia małżeńskiego.
Total Body and Extracellular Water Measures Are Unrelated to Cramp Sensitivity in Euhydrated Cramp-Prone Individuals
Authors: Earp Jacob E. , Stearns Rebecca L. , Agostinucci James , Lepley Adam S. , Ward-Ritacco Christie L.
Published: December 2020

Earp, JE, Stearns, RL, Agostinucci, J, Lepley, AS, and Ward-Ritacco, CL. Total body and extracellular water measures are unrelated to cramp sensitivity in euhydrated cramp-prone individuals. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2653–2656, 2022—Spectral bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a valid and noninvasive tool for measuring total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), and extracellular water (ECW). As altered hydration and electrolyte imbalance have been proposed as one of 2 etiologies for exercise-associated muscle cramps (EAMC), the purpose of this study was to determine if distribution of body water is related to cramp sensitivity in similarly hydrated cramp-prone individuals. To this end, 11 euhydrated subjects who regularly experience EAMC had their relative TBW, ICW, and ECW assessed using 8-pole spectral BIA. Subjects' cramp sensitivity was then assessed by electrically stimulating the tibial nerve at increasing frequencies until a muscle cramp occurred, allowing for the determination of the threshold frequency (TF) at which the cramp occurred. It was observed that TF was not significantly related to TBW (r = 0.087, p = 0.368), ICW (r = 0.105, p = 0.338), ECW (r = 0.087, p = 0.368), or ECW:TBW (r = 0.147, p = 0.280). As cramp etiology is poorly understood, these results add to a growing body of literature questioning the role of hydration and electrolyte imbalance in EAMC. Although fluid distribution may be unrelated to TF in those who commonly experience EAMC, additional research is needed to compare those who commonly experience cramps (athletes as well as individuals with specific neuropathies or pharmacologically induced cramps) with those who do not experience cramps and to determine if acute shifts in body water compartmentalization are related to changes in cramp sensitivity.
Aldosterone-induced cardiac damage in primary aldosteronism depends on its subtypes
Authors: Higuchi Satoshi , Ota Hideki , Tezuka Yuta , Seiji Kazumasa , Takagi Hidenobu , Lee Jongmin , Lee Yi-Wei , Omata Kei , Ono Yoshikiyo , Morimoto Ryo , Kudo Masataka , Satoh Fumitoshi , Takase Kei
Published: December 2020

Objectives

This study compared cardiac function, morphology, and tissue characteristics between two common subtypes of primary aldosteronism (PA) using a 3T MR scanner.

Design

A retrospective, single-center, observational study.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 143 consecutive patients with PA, who underwent both adrenal venous sampling and cardiac magnetic resonance. We acquired cine, late gadolinium enhancement, and pre- and postcontrast myocardial T1-mapping images.

Results

PA was diagnosed as unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) in 70 patients and bilateral hyperaldosteronism (BHA) in 73. The APA group showed significantly higher plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and aldosterone to renin rate (ARR) than the BHA group. After controlling for age, sex, antihypertensive drugs, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and disease duration, the parameters independently associated with APA were: left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (EDVI: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.06 (95% CI: 1.030–1.096), P < 0.01), end-systolic volume index (ESVI: 1.06 (1.017–1.113), P < 0.01), stroke index (SI: 1.07 (1.020–1.121), P < 0.01), cardiac index (CI: 1.001 (1.000–1.001), P < 0.01), and native T1 (1.01 (1.000–1.019), P = 0.038). Weak positive correlations were found between PAC and EDVI (R = 0.28, P < 0.01), ESVI (0.26, P < 0.01), and SI (0.18, P = 0.03); and between ARR and EDVI (0.25, P < 0.01), ESVI (0.24, P < 0.01), and native T1 (0.17, P = 0.047).

Conclusions

APA is associated with greater LV volumetric parameters and higher native T1 values, suggesting a higher risk of volume overload and myocardial damage.
When Less Is More: There Must Be a Comprehensible Reason for Using Incompleteness in Advertisements to Improve Brand Attitude
Authors: Heberle Antonia , Gierl Heribert
Published: December 2020

In print advertisements, product images and words are usually complete. However, some marketers rely on the effectiveness of incompleteness. In such advertisements, a part of the product image and/or some letters of words are missing. We investigated numerous advertisements with incomplete product images or words and found three mental processes through which consumers respond to incompleteness. First, when consumers are exposed to incompleteness, they are normally able to mentally envision the entire product image or read the text correctly. This process is accompanied by feelings of pleasant surprise. Second, incompleteness induces perceptions of ad originality. Third, consumers scrutinise the reason why the marketer used incompleteness; incomplete ads differ in whether consumers understand the reason why the marketer used incompleteness. If people have difficulties understanding this reason, a negative effect on brand attitude is the consequence. In our studies, we tested two types of incompleteness for which consumers comprehended the reason why incompleteness was used (1. incompleteness that emphasises the ad message to increase consumer agreement to this message and 2. incompleteness that induces feelings of humour). For these types, we found that incompleteness improved attitudes towards familiar brands.
Efectos de la pérdida de bosque sobre los roedores cricétidos en Carpish, Huánuco, Perú
Authors: Noblecilla Huiman Maggie
Published: December 2020

Huánuco presenta bosques montanos húmedos en el área de Carpish, altamente diversos en flora y fauna, entre los mamíferos destacan los roedores cricétidos por su alta diversidad; sin embargo, estos bosques están cada vez más fragmentados por la apertura de carreteras, agricultura y ganadería. A pesar de la acelerada reducción de los bosques, no se conoce el efecto de esta perturbación antrópica sobre los roedores cricétidos, fundamentales en su rol como depredadores, presas y dispersores de semillas en el medio que habitan por lo que esta investigación examina el efecto de la pérdida de bosque sobre la diversidad y riqueza de especies de roedores cricétidos. Las evaluaciones del área de estudio, San Pedro de Carpish, corresponden a los años 2002 y 2017. La pérdida de bosque se examinó con datos cuantitativos y cualitativos obtenidos de la plataforma “Geobosques” mediante un análisis espacial y temporal. Los resultados demuestran que la diversidad fue constante y la riqueza disminuyó en dos especies del total registrado; la diversidad beta, indicó una similar composición de especies y el reemplazo en dos especies en los años evaluados. Es importante señalar la resiliencia de las especies en estos bosques, aunque sus respuestas son diferentes frente a la perturbación antrópica, como Akodon kotosh, que exhibió alta abundancia a pesar de la pérdida de bosque y aumento de perturbación antrópica entre los años evaluados; pero a su vez, el cambio en la composición de las especies afecta directamente la estructura o composición del bosque, es por ello que se recomienda acciones de conservación y planes de manejo adecuado para la agricultura y ganadería presentes en el área.
Ecology and diagnosis of Enallodiplosis discordis (Diptera:Cecidomyiidae)
Authors: Whaley Oliver Q. , Borda Consuelo , Moat Justin , Wilkinson Tim , Bravo Sánchez Ana , Gagné Raymond J.
Published: December 2020

The coastal desert of Peru and Chile is home to Prosopis (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) tree species that are exceptionally well-adapted to the hyperarid conditions and keystone in dry-forest ecosystems. From 2001 to 2018, Prosopis in Peru have suffered widespread defoliation and die-back, with consequent deforestation and collapse in pod production. This paper reports a new insect plague species of Prosopis forest in Peru: Enallodiplosis discordis Gagné 1994 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) as a fiercely defoliating agent contributing to widespread Prosopis mortality. An analysis of E. discordis larval taxonomy, life cycle and plague infestation, following El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) 1998/99 is provided. Using distinct lines of evidence, its spread, distribution, and ecology are examined. Over two decades of fieldwork, Prosopis forest die-back and loss was observed devastating rural livelihoods and ecosystem services across lowland regions of southern (Ica), central and northern coastal Peru (Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura). The collapse in production of Prosopis pods (algarroba, huaranga) and honey was recorded. Supplementary notes provide observations of: (i) plague development, changing land-use and climate, (ii) biological and physical control of E. discordis, (iii) the moth Melipotis aff. indomita (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) as a concurrent defoliator of Prosopis.
Ampliación de la distribución norte de Neoraimondia arequipensis subsp. gigantea (Werd. & Backeberg) Ostolaza
Authors: Alfaro Aguilera Rubén , Robles Ruiz Christian , Serna Cruz José , Alvarado Serna Yovany , Mogollón Sandoval Cristhian , Robles Pineda Américo , Sánchez Suárez Héctor , Ostolaza Nano Carlos
Published: December 2020

Se registra Neoraimondia arequipensis subesp. gigantea en los bosques secos de Tumbes, ampliándose su distribución geográfica en el norte del Perú. Se realizó la identificación fenotípica de 70 individuos y genotípica basada en la secuenciación del gen matK (Maturase K gene). El hábitat de esta especie se caracteriza por la presencia de suelo de tipo pedregoso y rocoso, ubicados aledaños a zonas de quebradas y altitudes entre 20 a 60 m. Además, se registran observaciones de interacciones biológicas de este cactus con fauna y flora endémica del departamento de Tumbes.
The Philosopher as a Reader: A. Sverdiolas Reads G. Deleuze
Authors: Keršytė Nijolė
Published: December 2020

Arūnas Sverdiolas’s way of reading Deleuze raises questions about the compatibility of two traditions: how and to what extent can a philosopher of Culture understand a philosopher of Nature and Life? Deleuze, formed in the rationalist tradition, resists the philosophy of Consciousness and Meaning, in which universality is held higher than empirical particularity. Abstract thinking – a cause of allergy for a Frenchman – is on the contrary an aspiration for a Lithuanian. Sverdiolas’s formation has its roots in resistance against Marxist-materialist thinking, with the help of philosophy of culture. He considers the whole philosophy of the 20th century as an anthropological philosophy of Culture. This does not facilitate understanding Deleuze’s thought. His vitalist philosophy is deemed paramaterialist and considered to be reductionist. Hence a contradiction: Deleuze is recognized as a gifted historian of philosophy, but his own thinking is viewed with scepticism, without seeing its roots in the history of philosophy. The reason why Deleuze’s philosophy rejects the anthropocentric perspective – that of the ego and of consciousness – is not considered.
The Supranational Idea of the Peoples of Central Europe (First Half of the 19th Century)
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Bevzyuk Evgen , Tabanyukhova Olena ,   Uzhhorod National University
Published: December 2020

National movement and further development of national benchmarks of the European peoples at the beginning of the revolution of 1848–1849 are one of the most socio-political contextualized pages in the past of the Slavik peoples in Europe. The research is considered to be topical since the process of formation of national ideology in the 19th century, that occured in the Slavs environment, took place in terms of distribution of the national principle and state formation in the majority of the European countries. The purpose of the research is to enlighten the course, laws and specifics of formation of the national paradigm at the beginning of the revolution of 1848–1849. The object of the study is the national movement of the Slavs, the subject of scientific analysis is the national ideology developing under the influence of both internal and external factors. To achieve the main goal of the research the author has considered it to be necessary to solve a number of the following tasks: to scientifically, logically, argumentatively and coherently lay out specifics of the process of Slavic national ideology formation and reveal its main features. It should be emphasized that by the beginning of the revolution the national patriotic mood was not limited merely by the demand of the cultural reforms, it gradually transformed into the context of new political and socio-economic ideas. At the same time, in the meaning of national paradigm of the Slavic National Movement the idea of its moderation or passive opposition actualized drastically. In general, national paradigm was a certain mixture of political ideas, in which political freedom – democracy, social and personal guarantees – took a somewhat secondary place, the struggle for the national justice with its moral and cultural principles, became dominant. On the eve of the 1848 revolution western Slavs were involved in the process of modernizing their national ideology. Al though this process was an all-European phenomen on and large ethnic units were under going self-determination, the spiritual renaissance of the western Slavs had specific regional and ethnic characteristics, thus attracting the political attention of the governments of great empires – the Austrian and the Russian. For Russia, the biggest Slavonic country, the idea of the general Slavonic ethnic unity as well as the Pan-Slavistic ideology were not only of scientific character, but also served as a factor of geopolitical interest
Concerning a So Called „Discrimination Against Carpatho-Rusyns on the Basis of Nationality“: an Analytical Note
Authors:   Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vidnyanskyj Stepan
Published: December 2020

This analytical note is a response by the expert to the letter “Stop a Discrimination Against Carpatho-Rusyns on the Basis of Nationality“ (dated 14 November 2019) from certain figures of Rusyns' associations in Zakarpattia Region of Ukraine, addressed to the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Against the complex historical, political, national and cultural development of Zakarpattia the author of this analytical note refutes baseless allegations and requirements of rusyn activists of the region to accept at constitutional level in Ukraine „Rusyn people“, „(Sub)Carpatho-Rusyn ethnicity“, to give him supposedly legal, historical rights of autonomy, to protect him from a so called “discrimination and genocide”
DEVELOPMENT OF FIBER AND MINERAL ENRICHED COOKIES BY UTILIZATION OF BANANA AND BANANA PEEL FLOUR
Authors: Alam Md. Jahangir , Akter Shamoli , Afroze Shohana , Islam Md. Tarikul , Sayeem Emdadul Haque
Published: December 2020

An experimental study was designed to formulate ready to eat cookies by incorporating banana and banana peel flour which is normally unused in Bangladesh but contains excellent amount of nutrients especially dietary fiber, essential vitamins and minerals. Cookies were prepared by replacing 5 % (sample-1), 10 % (sample-2) and 15% (sample-3) of wheat flour with banana and banana peel flour. The proximate analysis and sensory parameters of those cookies were compared with control cookies where no banana and banana peel flour were added and designated as normal cookies (0% substitution). Functional properties were also evaluated and a significant difference found (P<0.05) in WHC, OHC, swelling capacity, emulsion activity, emulsion stability and flour dispersibility in banana peel flour when compared to wheat flour. On proximate analysis of cookies, significant variation (P<0.05) was also observed in protein, ash, fiber and carbohydrate content of banana and banana peel flour cookies in a comparison to normal cookies. The increasing the substitution of banana and banana peel flour in cookies increased the ash and crude fiber content remarkably. About 15% substitution of banana and banana peel flour in cookies increased 93.25% crude ash (mineral) and 197.56% crude fiber than normal cookies. Energy values of the cookies were also evaluated and ranged between 480 Kcal and 513 Kcal per 100 g, with sample-3 cookies having the lowest value. In conclusion, the addition of both banana and banana peel flour in cookies by replacing 10% wheat flour were more acceptable with all quality characteristics.
PRODUCTION AND PURIFICATION OF KILLER TOXIN FROM PROBIOTIC YEASTS AND ITS EFFECT ON FOODBORNE PATHOGENS
Authors: Ragavan Mangala Lakshmi , Das Nilanjana
Published: December 2020

Probiotic yeast strains viz. Yarrowia lipolytica VIT-MN01, Kluyveromyces lactis VIT-MN02, Lipomyces starkeyi VIT-MN03, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera VIT-MN04 and Brettanomyces custersianus VIT-MN05 were investigated as producer of killer toxin. Among the five yeasts, three strains showed more killer toxin production. The maximum killer activity (12 aU/mg) against sensitive strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae was obtained at pH-3 with 0.5% NaCl at 25°C by using response surface methodology. The purified killer toxin K2 and K3 showed the highest killer activity against foodborne pathogens viz. Bacillus cereus, E. coli, Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella spp. and Candida tropicalis. The purity of the killer toxin was confirmed by HPLC analysis. The molecular mass of killer toxin was 22 kDa (K2), 18 kDa (K3) and 14 kDa (K4). The results of the present study suggest that killer toxins produced by probiotic yeast strains can be used as an antimicrobial agent to control the microbial contamination in the food industry.
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF ARGENTINIAN POLLENS AND HONEYS
Authors: Tejerina Marcos Raúl , Cabana María J , Sánchez Carina A , Benitez-Ahrendts Marcelo R
Published: December 2020

Honey and pollen are considered functional foods, due to their multiple properties since they have a great diversity of active principles according to their botanical origin. The aim of this work was to analyze the antimicrobial effect of pollens and honeys from different origins of Argentina against the antibiotic resistant Shigella flexneri, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. Honey samples showed a significant effect over the inhibition of them, being higher in Salmonella. Pollen inhibited Shigella and Salmonella and showed no effect on Escherichia. The concentration of total phenols was higher in pollen than in honey. The highest value observed in honey was 7.48 mg/L in a sample from Entre Ríos, and it was 8.66 mg/L in pollen from Neuquén.
TREHALOSE LIPID AND RHAMNOLIPID SURFACTANTS AS PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
Authors: Koretska Nataliia , Karpenko Ilona , Karpenko Оlena , Baranov Volodimir , Midyana Halyna
Published: December 2020

The influence of biosurfactants of trehalose lipid nature (R. erythropolis Au-1) and rhamnolipid nature ( Pseudomonas sp. PS-17) on the efficiency of the absorption of K+ and Ca2+ ions and plants growth was studied. The seeds of soybean, wheat and sunflower after the pre-sowing treatment by the biosurfactants solutions were grown on a liquid nutrient medium. The residual contents of K+ and Ca2+ ions in the medium were different for the variants with the biosurfactants and control (water). Based on these parameters, it was possible to value the stimulating effect of the biosurfactants on the plants’ ability to absorb mineral elements from the nutrient medium. The plants after the pre-treatment by the biosurfactants absorbed on 10-40% (trehalose lipids) and 27-61% (rhamnolipid biosurfactants) K+ and Ca2+ ions more than control variants. The growth parameters of plants were increased on 17-24% (trehalose lipids) or 39-77% (rhamnolipid biosurfactants). The experiments with plants (wheat, soya and sunflower) were also conducted in field conditions. The results showed that the trehalose lipid and rhamnolipid biosurfactants provide an increase in crop yields on 19-23% as well as the yield quality. The obtained data allowed to suggest a possible mechanism for the influence of surfactants on the plant growth.
MONTE CARLO ANALYSIS FOR MICROBIAL GROWTH CURVES
Authors: Öksüz Hasan Basri , Buzrul Sencer
Published: December 2020

Three most commonly used primary models (Gompertz, Baranyi and three-phase linear models) to describe the microbial growth curves were applied to three different isothermal growth data of Listeria monocytogenes. Further Monte Carlo analysis was performed with 100, 1000 and 10000 simulations. The results indicated that there was no reason to use higher number of simulations since the simulations produced almost identical means of the model parameter values for all models. Moreover, the models had similar coefficient of variation values for the initial (log10N0) and maximum (log10Nmax) number of bacteria. On the other hand, the Gompertz model had the highest coefficient of variation for the growth rate (µmax) and the Baranyi model had the highest coefficient of variation for the lag time (λ). Correlations between the parameters log10N0 and λ, and µmax and λ could be easily observed after the Monte Carlo analysis for all models. Deviation from normal distribution for the parameter λ for the three-phase linear model was evident, other than that all parameters for all models had normal distribution. It was concluded that Monte Carlo analysis can be used as a simple yet an effective method to describe the uncertainty in model parameters and correlation between the parameters as well as the spread of the possible parameter values.
DECONTAMINATION OF AFLATOXINS WITH A FOCUS ON AFLATOXIN B1 BY PROBIOTIC BACTERIA AND YEASTS: A REVIEW
Authors: Khosravi-Darani Kianoush , Zoghi Alaleh , Jazayeri Shima , Gomes da Cruz Adrano
Published: December 2020

Food and feed contamination by aflatoxins represents a great challenge for human and animal health. Aflatoxins detoxification using probiotic bacteria and yeasts has been introduced as an inexpensive and promising method. This article is organized with an overview of the potential application of probiotic bacteria and yeasts to eliminate, inactivate or reduce the bioavailability of aflatoxins, especially aflatoxin B1, in vitro and in vivo. Also, a fast glance to beneficial health effects and preservative properties of probiotics followed by the mechanism of binding of aflatoxins by probiotics, influence of different probiotic pretreatments, and the stability of aflatoxin-probiotic complexes are mentioned.
ENCAPSULATION OF POMEGRANATE SEED OIL USING W/O/W NANO-EMULSION TECHNIQUE FOLLOWED BY SPRAY DRYING AND ITS APPLICATION IN JELLY FORM
Authors: Mahmoud Marwa H , Mehaya Fathy m , Abu-salem Ferial m
Published: December 2020

Punicic acid, which is an ω-5 polyunsaturated fatty acid representing the main component of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) with pharmaceutical and food usages, is susceptible to oxidation. Also, its water insoluble properties allow only few fractions to be absorbed. Therefore, the protection of this oil as well as bioavailability and good abortion properties are the aim of our work. Formation of water in oil in water (W/O/W) emulsion from pomegranate seed oil followed by spray-drying resulted in its transformation to nano-encapsulated oil powder whose nano-capsules had a narrow size distribution and small diameters in addition to zeta potential of about −22.9 mV. Thus, the oil-loaded system was assumed to be stable. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurement has confirmed the presence of surface pores which allow higher air permeability of powder, consequently a higher solubility and release was predicted. Addition of the obtained nano-encapsulated oil to jelly had a good sensory attribute and acceptability. In conclusion, pomegranate seed oil can be consumed as nano-capsules in jelly form with better water-soluble properties and it was predicted to have good absorption with expected great bioavailability.
HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION OF A GENE ENCODING BIPHENYL 2,3-DIOXYGENASE FROM BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA IN ESCHERICHIA COLI
Authors: Loc Nguyen Hoang , Sinh Duong Duc Hoang , Tue Nguyen Hoang , Huy Nguyen Duc , Ngoc Thi Tran Vu , Ha Thanh Le Thi
Published: December 2020

Biphenyl 2,3-dioxygenase (BphA) is an enzyme that participates in initiation step of the pathway of biphenyl degradation in bacteria. Biphenyl is an aromatic hydrocarbon including two benzene rings that causes a serious environmental pollution. This report presents the preliminary results on the cloning and expression of BphA gene of B. cepacia strains DF2 and DF4 which were isolated from dioxin contaminated soil in Vietnam. The coding DNA sequences of BphA genes are 897 bp long and 99% identical. Recombinant BphA enzyme (33 kDa) has strongly expressed in E. coli M15 after induction of 0.5 mM IPTG for 4 h at 37ºC.
TECHNOLOGICAL, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL AND SENSORY PROFILES OF SELECTED KINDS OF GRAPE OILS
Authors: Juricová Veronika , Ivanišová Eva , Árvay Július , Godočíková Lucia , Kačániová Miroslava
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to determine technological (fat content, acid number, peroxide value, oxidation stability, fatty acid profiles), antioxidant (DPPH method), antimicrobial activity (antibacterial and antifungal) and sensory profiles of 4 kinds of Slovak grape seed oils (commercial, oil from white grape variety, oil from blue grape variety and oil made from grape after alcoholic fermentation). The fat content ranged from 95.86 % (blue grape variety oil) to 98.23 % (commercial oil). The values of acid number ranged from 0.15 mg KOH. g-1 (blue grape variety oil) to 0.90 mg KOH. g-1 (commercial oil) and of peroxide number from 2.75 mmol O2. kg-1 (blue grape variety oil) to 8.91 mmol O2. kg-1 (commercial oil). Values of antioxidant activity (DPPH method) ranged from 47.61 mg TEAC. l-1 (commercial oil) to 75.30 mg TEAC. l-1 (blue grape variety oil) and oxidation stability from 2.75 h (commercial oil) to 8.91 h (blue grape variety oil). The predominant acid in all samples was essential omega-6 fatty acid linoleic acid, which can decrease the cholesterol levels and it is necessary for the activity of cell membranes. Its content differed from 69.43± 0.00 % in commercial oil to 72.75± 0.04 % in blue grape variety oil. Grape oils inhibited microscopic fungi (Candida albicans), gramnegative G- (Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella enterica subs. enterica) and grampositive G+ (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus subs. aureus) bacteria. Sensory analysis of tested oils was evaluated good, with the best results in commercial oil, especially consistency and overall appearance. The results of this work characterize and accentuate the qualities of edible grape oils, as a nutritionally valuable food for the nutrition of the human organism.
EFFICACY OF PHYTONUTRIENTS FROM POMEGRANATE PEEL ON HUMAN OVARIAN CELLS IN VITRO
Authors: Kolesarova Adriana , Baldovská Simona , Sláma Petr , Maruniaková Nora , Pavlík Aleš , Kohút Ladislav
Published: December 2020

Pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.) is rich in antioxidants with a content of bioactive substances with high medicinal value. Punicalagin, a polyphenol from pomegranate fruit, has been studied for its antioxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-cancer activities. Ovarian cancer is one of the most common cancers in the female reproductive organs and with high rate of lethality. While it is confirmed that pomegranate has significant beneficial effects on several types of cancer, there are few detailed reports on epithelial ovarian cancer. In accordance with the potential health-promoting effects of pomegranate, the aim of our study was to examine the in vitro effect of punicalagin and pomegranate peel extract at the different concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL) for 24 h on the human ovarian granulosa cell line HGL5 and human ovarian carcinoma cell line OVCAR-3. For this experiment, the ethanol extract from lyophilized pomegranate peel was prepared. The metabolic activity was determined by AlamarBlueTM cell viability assay, the secretion of steroid hormones was assayed by the ELISA method. The results showed a significant (P≤0.001) decrease in the viability of HGL5 cells after the addition of the highest concentration of punicalagin (200 µg/mL). The number of viable OVCAR-3 cells was not significantly (P≥0.05) affected compared to the control. On the other hand, the concentrations 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL of pomegranate peel extract led to a significant decrease in the viability of OVCAR-3 cells but did not cause any significant (P≥0.05) changes in the viability of HGL5. Although our studies revealed an increase in the release of 17β-estradiol levels by HGL5 cells after punicalagin treatment at the concentration 50 (P≤0.01) and 100 (P≤0.05) µg/mL, progesterone secretion was not significantly (P≥0.05) affected. Also, the release of 17ß-estradiol was significantly increased after the supplementation of pomegranate peel extract at the concentrations 50 (P≤0.01), 100, and 200 (P≤0.001) µg/mL. Furthermore, the levels of progesterone were significantly (P≤0.05) decreased at concentrations 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL. In conclusion, pomegranate phytonutrients might be a promising modulator of secretion of steroid hormones and it might serve to be a potential chemoprotective agent, reducing viability of ovarian cancer cells.
Correction to: Quenching of singlet oxygen by natural and synthetic antioxidants and assessment of electronic UV/Visible absorption spectra for alleviating or enhancing the efficacy of photodynamic therapy
Authors: Fatima Kaneez , Masood Nusrat , Luqman Suaib
Published: December 2020

The original article1 contains an error in the author affiliation. The author affiliation is corrected as below:

Kaneez Fatima1;2, Nusrat Masood1, Suaib Luqman1;2

1CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, Uttar Pradesh, India2Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, Uttar Pradesh, India

REFERENCES

1. Fatima K, Masood N, Luqman S. Quenching of singlet oxygen by natural and synthetic antioxidants and assessment of electronic UV/Visible absorption spectra for alleviating or enhancing the efficacy of photodynamic therapy. Biomedical Research and Therapy. 2016;3(2):514–527.
Diferencias en la ansiedad y depresión por variables contextuales en mujeres con cáncer de mama
Authors: García-Hernández Eva Magdalena , López-Guevara San Juana , Cano-Fajardo Luz Elena , Avila-Medina Maribel , Duran-Badillo Tirso , Ponce-Martínez Delia
Published: December 2020

Objetivo. Identificar las diferencias en la ansiedad y depresión de acuerdo con variables contextuales en mujeres con cáncer de mama que se encuentran bajo tratamiento. Método. Estudio comparativo realizado en 91 mujeres con cáncer de mama, en tres unidades de atención del Noreste de México. Se utilizó la Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión. Resultados. El 51.6% (f = 47) resultó con ansiedad y el 25.3% (f = 23) depresión. La ansiedad y depresión no es diferente de acuerdo con el grado de escolaridad (p > .05) y estado civil (p > .05). La depresión (p = .001) y ansiedad (p =.05) es diferente de acuerdo con la unidad de atención. Se concluye que es importante cuidar el estado emocional de las pacientes con cáncer, ya que se observó que la mitad de las pacientes presentaron ansiedad y una cuarta parte depresión. Es necesario analizar el contexto, ya que la depresión y ansiedad son diferentes de acuerdo con la unidad de atención.
Comparación del efecto del tipo de descanso al realizar ejercicio contra resistencia sobre la presión arterial de hombres normotensos
Authors: Carpio Rivera Elizabeth , De Bortoli Robelius , Solera Herrera Andrea , Cabral de Oliveira Antônio Cesar
Published: December 2020

Actualmente, se recomienda el ejercicio contra resistencia (ECR) como una de las estrategias no farmacológicas para el control y tratamiento de la presión

arterial (PA). Sin embargo, es necesario profundizar esta línea de investigación. El propósito del estudio fue comparar el efecto del tipo de descanso al realizar ECR sobre la PA de participantes normotensos. Participaron nueve hombres; siguiendo un diseño de investigación de medidas repetidas, realizaron tres condiciones experimentales en orden aleatorio: a) Descanso Activo (DA), b) Descanso Pasivo (DP), c) Sesión Control. En las 3 sesiones, se midió la PA y la frecuencia cardíaca (FC) pre-tratamiento, 1 minuto post-sesión y cada 10 minutos post-tratamiento durante 120 minutos. Las sesiones experimentales estuvieron precedidas por: mediciones antropométricas, familiarización y aplicación del test de 1RM. En el análisis estadístico se aplicó ANOVA de 2 vías para medidas repetidas, análisis de efectos simples y post hoc de Tukey. Entre los principales resultados, se encontró que, en comparación con la sesión control, los valores de PA disminuyen de forma significativa (p < .05): 1) al realizar ECR utilizando DP y DA a los 50, 100, 110 minutos post-ejercicio; 2) posterior a ejecutar ECR utilizando DA a los 20, 30, 70, 80,100, 120 minutos; 3) después de finalizada la sesión ECR con DP a los 10, 40 y 120 minutos. Respecto a la medición pre-test, los valores de PA disminuyeron de forma significativa (p < .05) a los 10, 20, 40, 50, 60, 100 y 120 minutos post ECR utilizando DP. En conclusión, al comparar con los valores de PA mostrados en un día de control, la ejecución de ECR aplicando DP y DA es funcional en el control de la PA de hombres jóvenes normotensos. En relación al pre-test, se podría indicar que el DP es el que promueve el efecto hipotensivo del ECR.
PREVALENCE OF LOW BACK PAIN AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG THE NURSES OF A SELECTED HOSPITAL AT DHAKA
Authors: Hossain MD. Mahbub , Pasha Tonmoy
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to identify the Prevalence of Low Back Pain and Associated factors among the Nurses. 

Objectives: To identify the prevalence of low back pain and its associated factor among the nurses of a selected hospital at Dhaka, determine the socio demographic characteristics of the study population, find out characteristics of various complain and associated factors among the low back pain nurses, find out the association of the various complain with associated risk factors for nurses with low back pain.

 Methodology: The study was conducted by using of Quantitive method. 70 participants are selected and this. Quantitive study conducted in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, which is a government organization, located in Dhaka. Participants were selected by purposive convenience sampling. All data collected through face-to face interview by using a structured research question. Descriptive statistics is used for data analysis.

Result: The study was conducted on 70 participants. Among 70 participants, 17 (24%) participants were male and 53 (76%) were female. Participants in between 21-30 years 18, participants in between 31-40 years 39, participants in between 41-50 years 12, participants in between 51-60 years 1.  The Chi-square value was 9.630 and P value was 0.022. So the result was significant that indicate there was association between low back pain and age ranges of the participants. 

Conclusion: From the result of the study it is found that most of the nurses are suffering with various low back pain associated complication as they don’t maintained the proper lifestyle.

 Key words: Low back pain, Nurses, Prevalence, Associated factor.
High-resolution ultrasound of the ankles in Lofgren syndrome: attention to detail may be the key to diagnosis
Authors:   Consultant Radiologist, European University of Cyprus Medical School, Engomi, Nicosia, Cyprus, Drakonaki Eleni E. , Symvoulakis Emmanouil K. ,   Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece, Gliatis John ,   University of Patras School of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Panepistimioupolis, Greece
Published: December 2020

We report the case of a 40-year-old man presenting at the emergency department with ankle and feet edema due to acute sarcoidosis (Lofgren syndrome). The diagnosis was suggested based on an ultrasound examination showing bilateral asymmetrical tenosynovitis of the flexor tendons with hypervascular subcutaneous cellulitis without any significant ankle and foot joint effusion or synovitis. This case report highlights the crucial role of ultrasound imaging as the first-line diagnostic tool in the investigation of a non-specific clinical condition, when performed by a knowledgeable sonographer with attention to detail. Radiologists performing ultrasound should be aware of the presenting ultrasound pattern of acute soft tissue sarcoidosis, and should include this entity in the differential diagnosis of patients with distal lower extremity swelling, tenosynovitis and hypervascular subcutaneous cellulitis, in order to narrow down the differential diagnosis and facilitate the clinical workup of the patient.
Market liquidity and funding liquidity: Empirical analysis of liquidity flows using VAR framework
Authors: Czelleng Adam
Published: December 2020

One of the many consequences of financialization in the past decades has been the significant appreciation of the importance of financial markets' liquidity. In order to maintain financial stability, one must have a clear understanding of the sources of market liquidity (ML). A finer comprehension of liquidity and its direction would help policy makers in fine-tuning the current regulations while also identifying each of the elements that compose it. In this paper, a recursive vector autoregressive model is utilized to empirically analyze how to detect the causality relations between funding and ML in four post-communist countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland). For the analyses freely accessible data on the balance sheets of aggregated banking sectors was utilized with the overall aim of finding a proxy for funding liquidity (FL) in every examined country. As a proxy for ML, government bonds' bid-ask spreads were utilized in the model. The paper provides an empirical evidence that FL drives ML in each economy. The results are clear, statistically significant and robust. They can be understood as evidence for the importance of the role of the trader's FL for the liquidity of financial assets' markets. The results of the paper have important implications for monetary policy, as well as micro- and macro-prudential regulation.
Hidden religious aspects of job satisfaction and work attitudes: The differences between Eastern and Western Europe
Authors: Fialová Kamila , Beláňová Andrea
Published: December 2020

This paper examines the links between religion and job satisfaction. Its concern is to compare Eastern and Western Europe. We use the 2015 International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) data covering both non-religious individuals and individuals affiliated to a religious denomination. While the Western European countries generally report significantly higher levels of job satisfaction compared to their Eastern counterparts, we test the hypothesis that religion also shows differentiated effects on job satisfaction and work attitudes. Our results indicate that religion has no significant effect on job satisfaction in either of the regions. In the West, religious affiliation has an influence on a larger variety of work attitude measurements compared to those in the East. In both regions, workers who regularly attend religious services would enjoy work significantly more even if they did not need money, consider high income as less important, and consider helping other people, contact with other people, and having a job useful to society as more important.
Comparing different CFD software with NACA 2412 airfoil
Authors: Hetyei Csaba , Molnár Ildikó , Szlivka Ferenc
Published: December 2020

The engineering application's design process starts with a concept, based on our theoretical knowledge and continues with a numerical simulation. In our paper, we review the finite volume method (FVM) which is used generally for heat and fluid dynamic simulations.

We compare three different computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software (based in the fine volume method) for validating a NACA airfoil, which can be used for example in the aerospace industry for an airplane's wing profile, and it can be used for example in the renewable industry for a wind turbine's blade or a water turbine's impeller profile. At the end of this paper, the result of our simulations will be compared with a validation case and the difference between the CFD software and the measured data will be presented.
Using an acoustic levitator to investigate the drying kinetics and solids forming process of individual droplets during spray drying
Authors: Huelsmann Ramona , Esper Guenter J. , Kohlus Reinhard
Published: December 2020

Spray drying is a widely used process to turn slurries into dry powders and is especially important for thermally-sensitive materials, that are often found in the food or pharmaceutical industry. However, detailed insight into the drying kinetics during spray drying is difficult to investigate due to the boundary conditions in a spray drying tower. As a result, there is a lack of important information on the drying process and subsequent solidification of individual droplets. In this context, an experimental setup for a droplet positioned in a stationary ultrasonic field of an acoustic levitator is designed to enable a non-contacting measurement of the drying kinetics and the subsequent solidification process. To generate a comparable situation like in a real spray drying process, the droplet is positioned in an airflow, where air temperature, humidity, and velocity can be adjusted over wide range. Using an infrared camera to measure the surface temperature and a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) camera for object recognition, the droplet can be observed continuously and drying kinetics of the droplet can be determined from the measured surface temperature and decreasing droplet size. Result of a 10 wt.% aqueous micro particle TiO2 suspension are reported and show that the investigated method is a very valuable and fast tool to safely scale-up spray drying systems very close to real process conditions. Especially when only small sample amounts are available in an early development stage.
Effects of combined HHP and heat treatment on viscosity attributes and microbiological condition of liquid egg yolk
Authors: Tóth Adrienn , Németh Csaba , Zeke Ildikó , Barkói Annamária , Hidas Karina , Friedrich László
Published: December 2020

Minimal processing technologies, like High Hydrostatic Pressure (HHP), heat treatments at low temperatures have an increasing role in food industry. Eggs are considered as functional foods, but for high retention of biological active compounds adequate minimal processing technologies are needed during preservation procedure. In our study, liquid egg yolk (LEY) was examined to meet consumer's expectations.

Combinations of pasteurization (57–63 °C, 5–7 min) and HHP (350–400 MPa, 5 min) were used to provide microbiological stability of LEY. After these treatments samples were examined for mesophyll aerobes and Enterobacteriaceae cell counts (using Nutrient agar an incubation of 30 °C, 48 h) and viscosity attributes (Anton Paar MCR 92).

Our results show that microbiological stability is significantly influenced by the different parameters of heat treatments and HHP. Heat treatment effected at least 3 orders of magnitude decrease in cell count. Viscosity attributes point out that higher pressure of HHP have a stronger effect on viscosity than the temperature of pasteurization.

The results point out a great opportunity for industrial use of minimal processing technologies for LEY. Microbiological safety is strongly influenced by the order of treatments, but viscosity may be independent from the order of the treatments.