bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finansal Oranların TOPSIS Sıralaması ile Yıllık Getiriler Arasındaki İlişki: Tekstil İmalatı Sektörü Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Authors: TEMİZEL Doç. Dr. Fatih , BAYÇELEBİ Berfu Ece
Published: February 2018

 Hisse senedi yatırımlarında yatırım kararı birden çok kriterin göz önünde bulundurulması ile yönetilen bir süreçtir. Yapılmış bir yatırımın geleceği ya da yapılacak olan yeni yatırımın hangi hisse senedi ile değerlendirileceği hakkında karar verilirken, işletmeler tarafından halka arz edilen mali tablolar yardımı ile hesaplanan finansal oranlar sıklıkla kullanılan yardımcı araçlardır. İşletmenin mali durumunun izlenmesinde yardımcı olan finansal oranlar yardımı ile verilen yatırım kararlarının elde edilen getiri ile ne derecede ilişkili olduğu da literatürde sıkça irdelenen bir konu olmuştur. TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) yöntemi gibi çok kriterli karar analizi yaklaşımları karar vericilerin birden fazla faktörü göz önünde bulundurarak optimum kararı vermesinde yol gösterici olarak kullanılabilen yöntemlerdir. Yöntem, ele alınan kriterler yardımı ile ideal çözüme uzaklıklar üzerinden performans sıralaması veren çok kriterli karar verme yöntemidir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, tekstil imalat sanayiinde faaliyet gösteren işletmelerin, seçili mali oranlarına göre performans sıralamasını elde etmek amacı ile TOPSIS sıralama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören ve faaliyet alanı dokuma, giyim eşyası ve deri imalatı olan 15 adet işletmenin 2011-2014 yıllarını kapsayan 4 yıllık dönem için Kamuyu Aydınlatma 

Platformu (KAP) üzerinden halka açıklamış olduğu mali tablolar yardımı ile hesaplanan finansal oranlar karar noktaları olarak kullanılmıştır. Ele alınan her bir yıl için yöntem algoritması tekrarlanmış ve sıralama sonuçları elde edilmiştir. Her işletmenin 4 yıllık dönemde elde etmiş olduğu performans sıralaması özetlendikten sonra, 4 yıllık ortalamalar üzerinden genel bir performans sıralaması ortaya konulmuştur. Son olarak, TOPSIS yönteminin ilgili uygulaması üzerinden verilen sıralama değerleri ile işletmelerin yıllık ortalama getirileri arasındaki korelasyon incelenerek, yöntem sonuçlarının gerçekleşen getiri değerleri ile ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. 
Otitis media among elderly: incidence, complication and prevention
Authors: Al-Sadeeq Hanadi , Algarni Zafer , Alobaid Abdullah , Aloyaid Abdullah , Alotaibi Mohammad , Al-Qwizani Abdulmalek , Al-Baqami Abdulmohsen , AlOmar Zaid , Alsohabi Hanan , Albather Shima
Published: February 2018

Though often considered a disease of children, otitis media can affect the elderly. The incidence of otitis media among elderly population is variable among countries, but generally low, with a value ranging from 0.25-9%. However, dangerous complications may occur. Otitis media is a complex spectrum of diseases that include acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion, suppurative otitis media, and mastoiditis. Otitis media in elderly doesn’t feature the classical presentation in children. Elderly patients experience otalgia with or without hearing loss or signs of inflammation. Infection may spread to either to adjacent structures leading to mastoiditis, petrositis, labyrinthitis, or facial nerve palsy, or intracranially leading to meningitis, subarachnoid abscess, subdural abscess, encephalitis, brain abscess, lateral or sigmoid venous sinus thrombosis, and otitis hydrocephalus. The mainstay strategies for prevention of otitis media are the adequate proper treatment of each infection, and tight control of modifiable risk factors such as tobacco smoking, immunosuppression, upper respiratory tract infection, allergy, and craniofacial abnormalities. Antimicrobial treatment should be continued for at least 10-14 years.
Prevalence of Bruxism and Oral Lesions in Psychiatric Patients-A Survey
Authors: Kaur H. , . Swati , Puri N. , Vashist A. , Singh H. P. , Gupta I.
Published: February 2018

As oral cavity is an integral part of general health, persistent and unrelenting stress often becomes a danger affecting the oral health and overall health causing various psychosomatic disorders. Present study aimed to determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and bruxism in psychiatric patients dependent on psychotropic drugs. Dental examination was done and questionnaire administered to 150 psychiatric patients and 150 control participants. In dental examination recurrent apthous stomatitis, burning mouth syndrome, oral lichen planus, bruxism, temporomandibular disorders were evaluated. Results showed that psychiatric patients had higher prevalence of bruxism, oral mucosal lesions in general, than the control group.
Cardiodepressant Activity of Newer Dihydropyrimidine Derivative in Comparison to Nifedipine on Perfused Rabbits Heart
Authors: Kumar R. , Sehgal V. K. , Kaur B. , Kaur R.
Published: February 2018

Background: Substituted dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Dihydropyridines are considered as analogue of dihydropyrimidines.

Objectives: In present study newly synthesized test compound 5- Acyl-6-methyl-4(2',3'-methylenedioxy) phenyl - 2 - S - ethyl - 1, 4- dihydropyrimidine, a dihydropyrimidine derivative was investigated with an aim to get valuable substitute for the well known dihydropyridine, Nifedipine.

Material & Methods: The Calcium Channel blocking actiuity of test compound was studied on Rabbit's Heart and its effects were compared with Nifedipine used as control.

Results: Test compound has dose-dependent negative chronotropic and negative inotropic effect on Rabbit's heart but these effects appeared at doses higher than those of Nifedipine. Test compound had no significant change in coronary flow however Nifedipine show significant increase in coronary flow at lower doses.

Conclusion: Test compound appears to be less potent myocardial depressant compared to Nifedipine. Test compound produced calcium channel blocking activity which was dose related and in order to ascertain the status of this compound as a drug, further studies are needed not only in other animals and tissue models but also in various pathophysiological models.
Ribbond as an Esthetic Space Maintainer
Authors: Kallar S. , Brar G. S.
Published: February 2018

Ribbond is a biocompatible, esthetic material made from a highstrength polyethylene fiber. Lenowoven polyethylene ribbon (Ribbond) has been used successfully for tooth splinting, replacement of missing teeth, reinforcement of provisional acrylic resin fixed partial dentures, and orthodontic retention. This paper presents the application of this polyethylene ribbon - RIBBOND as an esthetic space maintainer in pedodontic practice. We suggest that this combined technique of polyethylene fibers and composite material could be very efficient alternative procedure to conventional unesthetic space maintainers in pedodontic practice with excellent esthetics and functional results.
An Unusual Combination of Primordial Dwarfism with Isolated Cleft Palate
Authors: Kumar N. , Manikandhan R. , Anantanarayanan P. , Agarwal K.
Published: February 2018

Primordial dwarfism is a rare anomaly with over 200 sub-types, which results in a relatively small body size in all stages of life, beginning at the intrauterine period. The life expectancy for these patients is around 30 years but very few survive their intra-uterine phase. Other features associated with primary dwarfism reported till date includes pigmentation of skin, cleft lip and palate, and semilobar holoprosencephaly. We report an unusual combination of primordial dwarfism associated with isolated cleft palate.
Effect of Some Indian Herbs on Dyslipidemia in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Chandra Anu , Sabharwal Ravjit , Chander Ramesh , Mahdi Farzana , Mahdi Abbas Ali
Published: February 2018

Background: Diabetes is one of the commonest and serious metabolic disorders. Much of the morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes is primarily attributed to sequelae requelac of microvascular and macrovascular changes, in which diabetic dyslipidemia is one of the many modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease.

Objectives: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic and antidyslipidemic effect of selected Indian plants in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Material and Methods: Azadirachta indica and Ocimm sanctum leaves, Allium sativum bulbs and Momordica charantia fruits were collected, identified taxonomically and extract was obtained. Male Albino rats was used and divided into 8 groups, each consisting of 6 animals, one group act as a control. Diabetes in rats was induced with streptozotocin. Blood samples were collected and biochemical analysis was done for blood sugar, lipid peroxide and lipid profile. The diabetic group without drug treatment was compared with the control, and diabetic plus drug-treated groups were compared with the diabetic group without drug treatment. Data were analyzed using Student ‘t’ test.

Results: Our results revealed that administration of streptozotocin in rats caused increase in the levels of glucose, lipid peroxides, cholesterol and triglycerides with lessening of the HDL-cholesterol. Treatment with aqueous extracts of Momordica charantia, Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica and Ocimum sanctum not only reduced the level of blood glucose but also caused lowering of total cholesterol and triglycerides following an increase in the level of HDL-cholesterol.

Conclusion: We concluded that the herbal plants tested possess both hypoglycemic and antidyslipidemic activities and their use as a therapeutic tool in diabetes related complications encourage further investigation in this field.
Azilsartan Medoxomil: Angiotensin Receptor Blocker in the Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: Sood Megha , Bajaj Jagminder Kaur , Bajaj Jagminder Kaur
Published: February 2018

Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease. It’s early detection and control is critically important as it is an important attributable cause of stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation and ESRD. Recent data indicates increasing prevalence of hypertension amongst various populations. This reflects the importance of having a variety of treatment options for the management of this condition. Angiotensin receptor blockers are highly effective at reducing blood pressure, have excellent tolerability and renoprotective properties, hence they remain a useful choice in the management of hypertension. Azilsartan medoxomil has recently been approved by the FDA for the oral treatment of hypertension making it the eighth Angiotensin receptor blocker to be approved for this indication.
Comparative Efficacy of Ondansetron Versus Granisetron to Prevent Perioperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients undergoing Gynaecological Surgery under Spinal Anaesthesia
Authors: Makker Robina , Bhardwaj Amit , Singh Arwinder Pal , Anand Asha
Published: February 2018

Background: Posotoprative nausea and vomiting remains a persistent and distressing problem inspite of many advances on perioperative care and anti-emetic drugs. A newer antiemetic drug Granisetron has not been studied in patients undergoing gynaecological surgery under spinal anaesthesia.

Objective: A randomized double blind study was conducted to compare Ondansetron and Granisetron for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing gynaecological surgery under spinal anaesthesia.

Material and methods: 60 consecutive patients, age between 20-65 years, ASA grade I and II undergoing gynaeacologicla surgery under spinal anaesthesia were randomized into two goups of 30 each. One group received intravenous Ondansetron 4.0 mg and the second received intravenous Granisetron 2.0 mg 5 minutes before induction of anaesthesia. For the first 24 hours postoperatively all episodes of nausea and vomiting were recorded. A complete response to the drug was considered if there was no nausea or vomiting and no need for rescue anti-emetic. The observations were tabulated and analysed.

Results: During early postoperative period (0-3 hrs) there was statistically no significant difference in the study groups. Statistically significant difference was found in the study groups in the late postoperative period (3-24 hrs).

Conclusion: In the early postoperative period both Ondansetron and Granisetron are equally effective in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing gynaecological surgery under spinal anaesthesia. Granisetron is better than Ondansetron in the late postoperative period of upto 24 hrs.
A Study on Various Modalities of Surgical Management of Sigmoid Volvulus
Authors: Stalinraja C. , Gopi krishna D. , Badhrinath J. , Abhigna Panda
Published: February 2018

Background: Worldwide incidence of sigmoid volvulus varies from 6-30%. In India the incidence varies from 11.8% in the west to 1.5 - 9.4 % in north and south India respectively, depending on the dietary constituents. The management of sigmoid volvulus varies depends on the timing of presentation and the condition of the large bowel.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the various surgical options in treatment of sigmoid volvulus.

Methods: An analysis of 30 patients treated for sigmoid volvulus over a span of 1 year was done. The findings at exploration were carefully recorded. Following a suitable surgical procedure, the patients were monitored for complications and followed up.

Results: In our study of 30 patients, 23 were male, 7 female. The age group ranged from 20 - 70 years, with maximum patients in age of 60 -70 years. Majority of these patients presented with abdomen distension and abdomen pain followed by constipation and vomiting. Plain Skiagram was diagnostic in 90% patients. Operative procedure undertaken in 23 cases was primary resection and anastomosis whereas 5 cases were gangrenous Sigmoid Volvulus for which Hartmann's procedure was done.

Conclusion: This study showed that for non-gangrenous bowel, primary resection and anastomosis is ideal and for gangrenous bowel, Hartmann's procedure is ideal.
To Compare the Efficacy and Complication of Nasal Prongs vs Nasal Mask CPAP in Neonates
Authors: Singh Jatinder , Bhardwar Vaneeta , Chirla Dinesh
Published: February 2018

Background: CPAP refers to the application of positive pressure to the airway of a spontaneously breathing infant throughout the respiratory cycle.

Objectives: To study the clinical pattern of CPAP in neonate

Method: Total 75 patient were enrolled in the study, 38 in the nasal mask and 37 were in the nasal prongs group. The result of the study was analysed by using Fisher exact test and unpaired t test for continuous variable.

Results: The base line characteristics such as birth weight, male and female, match in both the groups. The babies who were < 32wks and < 1500gm birth weight had more frequent trauma in both the groups. The severity of trauma was more as the duration of CPAP was increasing in both the groups. There was no difference of co morbidities like PDA, ROP, IVH in both the groups.

Conclusion: The of duration of CPAP was less in nasal prongs than nasal mask which is statistically significant, but there were no statistically significance of nasal trauma in comparison of both the groups
Variations in the Number of Pulmonary Veins Draining into Left Atrium and its Clinical Significance
Authors: Kaur Amarbir , Sharma Anshu , Sharma Mahesh
Published: February 2018

Background: Pulmonary veins, normally two on each side bring oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium. During early embryonic life, absorption of pulmonary venous network by the left primitive atrial chamber results in opening of four pulmonary veins which drain independently into its chamber. The extent of absorption and hence, the number of pulmonary veins which open into left atrium may vary.

Objective: The study was done to observe the variation in the number of pulmonary veins opening in the left atrium.

Materials and method: The present study was done on 30 formalin fixed hearts of unknown age and sex which were obtained from the department of anatomy, Government medical college, Chandigarh. These hearts were observed for the variations in pulmonary ostia on right and left sides and were compared on both sides and also with the earlier data.

Results: In 8 (26.67%) out of these 30 hearts, variations were observed in the number of pulmonary veins and ostia either on one side or on both sides of the left atrium. 22 hearts (73.33%) out of 30 hearts had normal pulmonary veins which opened into left atrium via two separate pulmonary ostia, on either side.

Conclusion: Knowledge of number of pulmonary veins and their ostia locations is important to ensure that all ostia are ablated, as ectopic foci may go untreated in variant veins.
Histomorphological Spectrum of Splenectomy Specimens in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital:A Seven Year Study
Authors: Banerjee Alpana , Datta Abhijit , Das Shikha
Published: February 2018

Background: Spleen is the largest organ of the mononuclear phagocytic system and is involved in all systemic inflammations, generalized hematopoietic disorders, and many metabolic disturbances. Splenectomy is frequently indicated where diagnosis is already established and the purpose of surgery being largely therapeutic in nature.

Objectives: The study aims to highlight the histomorphological patterns in the surgically resected splenectomy specimens received in our centre and to correlate with the clinical indications.

Materials and Methods: This was a seven year study of all splenectomy specimens received at histopathology section of Department of Pathology in a tertiary care hospital. All the histopathology slides were reviewed by the authors and the microscopic findings were studied and correlated with clinical data.

Results: Twenty two (22) spleen samples were received during the study period with a M:F=1: 1.2 . The age range was 2 years to 60 years. The highest number of splenectomy cases was in the age group of 11-20 years followed by 0-10 years age group. The majority of the cases of splenectomy were indicated for thalassemia (14 cases, i.e. 63.64% of all cases), followed by traumatic rupture and secondary malignancy with 2 cases each (9.09% cases each), one case each for splenic infarct, myelofibrosis, ITP and splenic tuberculosis.

Conclusion: Thalassemia was proved to be the commonest indication of splenectomy, followed by traumatic rupture and secondary malignancy in the spleen. Larger studies are needed for better understanding of this important organ and unnecessary splenectomies may thus be avoided.
Evaluation of Effect of Hyflex EDM on Root Dentin during Root Canal Preparation-A Stereomicroscopic Study
Authors: Sankhe Dakshata Dinesh
Published: February 2018

Background: Root canal preparations done using many rotary endodontic instruments results in formation of root dentin defects because of the stress induced by the instruments within the root canal during cleaning and shaping, thereby worsening the long term prognosis of the root canal treated teeth. Many rotary instruments are been globally studied for the purpose of generating a correct instrument for root canal preparation.

Objective: This study was done to evaluate the effect of HyFlex EDM, which is a new rotary system on root dentin during root canal preparation.

Materials and methods: Fourteen single rooted premolars were selected and divided into two groups, Group 1-Protaper Universal and Group 2-HyFlex EDM. All the specimens were decoronated. Roots of each specimen were sectioned at 3mm, 6mm and 9mm and were then viewed under stereomicroscope for dentinal defects. t-test was done for the statistical analysis and level of significance was set at p=0.05.

Results: Protaper Universal showed highest percentage of defect than HyFlex EDM.

Conclusion: HyFlex EDM showed lowest percentage of defects in root dentin. Thus, HyFlex EDM is more efficient in root canal preparation than that of Protaper Universal thereby preventing dentinal defects or microcracks leading to root fractures.
Fibrous Epulis Misdiagnosed for Combined Periodontic-Endodontic Lesion
Authors: Khzam Nabil , Mansouri Reza Shah , Poli Alexander , Bakr Mahmoud M.
Published: February 2018

Fibrous epulis or peripheral ossifying fibroma is a reactive non-neoplastic condition that affects the gingiva as a result of chronic irritation. A case of a 44 year old female is presented in this study with a gingival swelling related to the maxillary central incisors. The Patient reported a history of trauma ten years ago and a recent root canal treatment of tooth 21, followed by referral to a specialist with a misdiagnosis for a combined periodontic-endodontic lesion affecting the maxillary central incisors. Excisional biopsy of the lesion revealed a diagnosis of ulcerated fibrous epulis with osseous metaplasia also known as peripheral ossifying fibroma. Periodontal debridement was performed to eliminate supra and subgingival plaque and calculus as well as gingival inflammation that could have been the source of irritation. The clinical and histopathological pictures and the surgical procedures associated with management of the periodontal disease are described. The etiological factor behind the development of the gingival reactive lesion remains unknown and could be the history of trauma, the chronic irritation induced by the plaque and calculus associated with the periodontal disease or a combination of both. We endeavour to follow up the case in order to report any recurrence.
Need of Beta 3 Agonist in Today's World as Oral Hypoglycaemic and Antiobesity
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Das Supratik
Published: February 2018

No Abstract.
A Study of Anti-hypertensive Drug Prescription Patterns in Hypertensive Post-menopausal women
Authors: Singla Ritika , Singh Harcharan , Gupta Anita K. , Sehgal Vijay K.
Published: February 2018

Background: Drug prescription in menopause is complex as estrogen deficiency, hypertension (HT) and other risk factors, rapidly increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in post-menopausal women (PMW).

Objectives: To evaluate the prescription trends of anti-hypertensive drugs in PMW.

Methods: This was an observational, cross sectional study conducted over a period of 1 year, on hypertensive PMW. The prescriptions were evaluated for antihypertensive drug use patterns and also as per WHO core drug indicators.

Results: 21.82% of prescriptions had monotherapy, amongst which angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) (10%) and individually, telmisartan (5.45%) were most commonly prescribed. Majority of prescriptions had two drug therapy (44.09%), among which ARB + beta-blockers (BB) (20.91%) and individually, Telmisartan + Metoprolol (13.64%) were most frequently prescribed. ARB + Diuretic (DI) (9.55%) was the most common fixed drug combination (FDC) prescribed. ARB + BB + DI (10.45%), ARB + 2DI + BB (4.09%) and ARB + 2DI + BB + Calcium channel blocker (1.82%) were most commonly prescribed three, four and ≥five drug combinations, respectively. Hypolipidemic drugs (60.45%) were maximally co-prescribed. Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 4.63% and from essential drug list was 32.62%.

Conclusions: A high trend of polypharmacy was observed in hypertensive PMW. HT, being a multifactorial disease, deserves a multidisciplinary and a comprehensive approach in the care of this population subgroup. Knowledge of prescription pattern and thus the rational utilisation of drugs will help achieve better control rates of HT and hence curb down the burden of CVDs in PMW.
Exam Stress in MBBS Students and the Methods Used for its Alleviation
Authors: Mittal Radhika , Kumar Rakesh
Published: February 2018

Background: Stress is a state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances. Stress level in all aspects of life is growing at an exponential rate but stress level in students, especially MBBS students is alarming.

Objective: To find out the level of stress and relieving methods used by medical students before examination.

Material and Methods: Observational, Cross sectional study was conducted on 600 medical students using questionnaire. Responses of the students were recorded on Likert’s scale just after the examination. Data was tabulated and analyzed statistically.

Results: The mean age of 600 medical students were 20.1±0.9. 143(23.8%) students always felt stressed, 161(26.8%) often, 211(35.2%) sometimes, 37(6.2%) rarely and 48(8%) never felt stressed before examination. 252(42%) reported that this level of stress did not affect their performance in examination while decrease in performance was reported by 198(33%). 150(25%) said that their performance was improved during examination due to stress. 145(24.2%) felt no anxiety during examination, 432(72%) felt healthy anxiety and 23(3.8%) felt unhealthy anxiety level.

Conclusion: Majority of the medical students experiences some level of anxiety during exams and used various coping mechanisms to deal with stress. Although some degree of stress is accepted as a normal part of medical training and can be a motivator for some individuals, not all students find the stress manageable.
A Study of Prognostic Value of Hs-CRP and Fibrinogen in Patients of Unstable Angina
Authors: Singh Harpreet , Bansal Kunal , Singh Tarsem Pal , Malik Deepa , Bansal Vanita , Bansal Tushar
Published: February 2018

Background: Unstable angina constitutes a clinical syndrome that is usually caused by atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and is associated with an increased risk of cardiac death and myocardial infarction.

Material and Methods: An open, prospective, observational, comparative study was conducted. The study included 50 cases in age group 20-80 years admitted in Government Medical College, Amritsar diagnosed as unstable angina ruled out by Trop T and CPK-MB at admission. Hs-CRP and Fibrinogen levels were estimated at time of admission and repeated after 48 hours.

Results: There was significant difference in the mean value of Hs-CRP between favourable and unfavourable group at the time of admission (0.807±0.37mg/l v/s 3.57±1.70mg/l, p<0.001). A significant difference in the mean value of Hs-CRP was found between favourable and unfavourable group after 48 hours (0.51±0.22mg/l v/s 4.03±1.84mg/l, p<0.001) There was significant difference in the mean value of fibrinogen between favourable and unfavourable group at the time of admission (356.94±72.50mg/dl v/s 588.60±94.89mg/dl, p<0.001). A significant difference in the mean value of fibrinogen was found between favourable and unfavourable group after 48 hours (309.11±75.25mg/dl v/s 622.60±133.42mg/dl, p<0.001).

Conclusion: It is concluded that in patients with unstable angina, elevated levels of Hs-CRP and Fibrinogen at admission indicate an adverse hospital outcome.
Bernard Soulier Syndrome; A Rare Bleeding Disorder
Authors: Tripathi Preeti , K. V. Karthika , Pati H. P. , Tyagi Seema
Published: February 2018

Bleeding syndromes in the newborn are rare, but they may be life-threatening and demand immediate attention. Congenital bleeding disorders especially pose a diagnostic challenge to the clinician because of their rarity and the need to be differentiated from the other common causes of bleeding in children. We present a case of an infant presenting with bleeding symptoms early in his life (since 5 months of age) which was initially thought to be immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) with low platelet count. No response to steroids and further evaluation by platelet aggregometry and flowcytometry led to the correct diagnosis – Bernard soulier syndrome(BSS). Though, there is no specific treatment available for this rare bleeding disorder, however it is imperative to have arrived at correct diagnosis in order to save unnecessary therapy and to take due precautions for prevention of bleeding.
Probiotics in Health and Disease
Authors: Grewal Nipunjot , Jassal Baljit , Kumar Rakesh
Published: February 2018

Importance of normal microbial flora in human bodies to maintain optimal health cannot be under estimated. Probiotics or live microorganisms confer health benefit in various diseases. Thus potential of probiotics to maintain health and prevent many disorders without significant adverse effects has opened new options for treating various diseases.
Perfil de usuários de psicofármacos atendidos em uma farmácia comunitária do alto sertão paraibano
Authors: Sousa Nathalia Minelli Medeiros de , Pinto Natália Bitú , Almeida Francileuda Batista de , Maciel Neurislene Da Silva , Cabral Symara Abrantes Albuquerque de Oliveira , Alencar Maria Carmem Batista de
Published: February 2018

O estudo teve o objetivo de identificar o perfil dos usuários de psicofármacos atendidos em uma farmácia comunitária no município de Cajazeiras - PB. A pesquisa é do tipo exploratória descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada em agosto a outubro de 2011, com uma entrevista estruturada aplicada a uma amostra de140 clientes. Os resultados mostram que 79% da população estudada foram mulheres, apresentando idade entre 40 e 49 anos. O Clonazepam foi o medicamento mais consumido; 40% utilizavam a mais de um ano; 94% relataram ter tido melhoras no seu quadro clínico após o uso; 42% afirmaram usar esse medicamento para tratamento de insônia; 52% responderam que fazem uso de outros medicamentos concomitantemente ao tratamento com psicofármacos, o que é um dado importante devido às interações medicamentosas. Assim, esta havendo um aumento da incidência de transtornos psiquiátricos, o que é um problema de saúde pública, gerando um impacto social e econômico. Dessa forma, é importante que o farmacêutico oriente os pacientes com relação ao uso de psicofármacos, a fim de evitar efeitos tóxicos e interações medicamentosas, e buscando aumentar a eficácia do tratamento e reduzindo a falta de adesão ao tratamento.

Profile of psychotropic drug users treated in a Community Pharmacy of Upper Paraíba backwoods
ABSTRACT:. The study aimed to identify the profile of psychotropic drug users seen at a community pharmacy in the city of Cajazeiras - PB. The research is descriptive exploratory with a quantitative approach. Data collection was conducted in August-October 2011, with a structured interview applied to a sample of 140 customers. The results show that 79% of the population were women, with ages ranging from 40 to 49 years. The Clonazepam was the most consumed drug; 40% used for more than one year; 94% reported having had improvements in their clinical condition after use; 42% said they use this medication to treat insomnia; 52% answered that they use other drugs concomitantly to treatment with psychotropic drugs, which is an important data due to drug interactions. Thus, this having an increased incidence of psychiatric disorders, which is a public health problem, generating a social and economic impact. Thus, it is important that the east pharmacist patients regarding the use of psychotropic drugs in order to avoid toxic effects and drug interactions, and seeking to increase the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the lack of adherence to treatment.
Person-Environment Congruence: A Call for Increased Precision in Matching Research Mentors and Mentees
Authors: Beech Bettina M. , Norris Keith C.
Published: February 2018

Ethn Dis. 2018;28(1):1-2; doi:10.18865/ed.28.1.1.
Sociocultural Influences on African Americans’ Representations of Type 2 Diabetes: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Shiyanbola Olayinka O. , Ward Earlise , Brown Carolyn
Published: February 2018

Objective: Illness representations, known as patients’ beliefs and expectations about an illness, may be influenced by cultural beliefs and personal experiences. This study explored African Americans’ perceptions of the sociocultural factors that influence their representations of diabetes.

Design: Six semi-structured focus groups.

Setting: Private space at a convenient site.

Participants: Forty African Americans, aged 45-60 years with type 2 diabetes for at least one year prior.

Results: Participants perceived that there was a race-mediated effect of how they developed diabetes because of poverty due to past slavery, racial discrimination by health care providers, and the stigma associated with diabetes within the African American community. Participants perceived that pov­erty influenced African Americans’ unhealthy eating habits, which led to diabetes diagnosis among their ancestors and their develop­ment of the disease since it was hereditary. Participants also perceived that there was provider ill intention, ie, providers were pur­posefully making people sick, and their lack of education on diabetes from providers was done on purpose, as information on diabetes was withheld and not shared due to racial discrimination. Perceived stigma by the com­munity led to African Americans’ avoidance and denial of the disease, and subsequently the development of diabetes.

Conclusions: To enhance disease manage­ment for African Americans with diabetes, it is important to focus on the sociocultural context of how African Americans view their world that may be influenced by their knowl­edge of negative historical circumstances and their current provider relationship, which, in turn, may be reflected in their perceptions of diabetes.

Ethn Dis. 2018;28(1):25-32; doi:10.18865/ed.28.1.25.
Diagnóstico Del Aprendizaje Electrónico Móvil (Podcast) Para La Comprensión Auditiva Del Inglés
Authors: López Edison Renato Ruiz , Amaguaya Patricia Pilar Moyota
Published: February 2018

The objective of this research was to evaluate the listening comprehension of the English language through the Mobile electronic Learning (Podcast). A diagnosis was applied to teachers who teach the English language in the Pedro Vicente Maldonado Educational unit of the city of Riobamba. To this end, we analyzed the methodological principles that guide the use of podcast as a didactic tool in the teaching of the English language with emphasis on the dexterity of listening. For the podcast application, multimedia resources were used on mobile devices; while the evaluation was carried out over an eight-week period. The research is descriptive, so the information was developed in a precise and systematic way. The collection of information was through a survey aimed at teachers, the same one that underwent review and was endorsed by academic peers; the analysis of the data was through descriptive statistics, that is to say that the obtained information was tabulated, interpreted and represented by means statistical tables and graphs. Finally, it was determined that the podcast is useful in listening comprehension in the English language learning process, as it constitutes an entertaining and multifunctional technique for teaching..
Relación Entre Los Deberes Para Casa y el Rendimiento Académico del Alumnado de Primaria
Authors: González Mª Elena Parra , Núñez Christian A. Sánchez
Published: February 2018

Homework is a complex phenomenon that is related to many variables to consider. Many authors defend the relationship of homework with the improvement of the students’ academic performance. This descriptive and correlational research studies and analyses variables, which may have a significant influence between homework and academic performance. The study sample was composed of 747 students, 679 families, and 57 teachers of 4th, 5th, and 6th grade of Primary Education. The informants answered three questionnaires built ad hoc for each group. Among the main variables and relationships analyzed, the frequency of the performance of homework, doing homework with help, the time invested in them or the degree of difficulty of homework, which were all related to performance, were found. Prior to the main conclusions of the study, it was found that there is no significant relationship between investing more time on homework and getting better grades; there is a relationship between perceived difficulty in tasks and poor performance; students have better grades when they try harder, have optimal conditions for doing homework and when the type of homework entails studying and/or reviewing.
The Involvement of Mary Magdalene in the Sacrificial Death of Jesus on The Cross: Lessons for the Nigerian Christian Women
Authors: Oghenekevwe K. Jibromah , Sunday O Sangotunde
Published: February 2018

One major concept that runs through all religious institutions and communities is the practice of ‘sacrifice’. This idea also runs through both the Old and the New Testaments. The world in which the Bible authors inhabited was filled with physical equipments and sacred spaces of sacrifices, from massive temple to rustic country shrines, to tiny household altars. It was made up of interwoven relationships that were reinforced by sacrificial practices. Throughout the book of Leviticus, the idea of appeasement of Yahweh through series of sacrificial acts perfused the entire pages of the book. The death of Jesus Christ on the cross as the final sacrificial rite is the foundation of the Christian faith. Women are generally not considered as occupying important position in the Jewish religious culture and this idea is almost transmitted into the religious arrangement of many denominations today due to some complexities engendered by Paul’s teachings in some of his epistles. Women had played major role on Christ sacrificial death on the cross, although little has been mentioned about them. Hence, the study investigates women’s involvement during Christ crucifixion on the cross focusing basically on Mary Magdalene. The paper adopts textural analysis of the related verses. It also makes use of exegetical method as an approach to unveil the textual relevance of the selected texts to the subject matter. It reveals the positive role played by this woman during the sacrificial death of Christ on the cross in the interface of the expected roles of Nigerian Christian women in the ecclesiastical community. The paper concludes that women played significant role during Jesus’ sacrificial death which is worthy of emulation by women participating in Christian ministries in Nigeria.
Quality of Drinking Water in the Town of Manta in Benin Republic
Authors: Carine Kelome Nelly , Waris Chouti , Niréti Lawani Rébecca Annick , Pélagie Olou
Published: February 2018

The current research was undertaken in the north of Benin Republic, to assess the pollution level of drinking water; with an emphasis on water sources (boreholes, wells, surface water, and fountain post) and water storage by households. To this end, five villages of the town of Manta were the target. The methodologywas based on chemical and bacteriological analyses of water samples collected in October 2015, from ten water sources and four households. The results of chemical analyzes, revealed that two out of five (5) boreholes sampled, had higher than normal nitrate concentrations. Two (2) wells out of three (3) had high ammonium concentrations. As far as the bacteriological aspect is concerned, water from the boreholes and wells are contaminated with fecal germs (Escherichia coli and fecal streptococcus). There is also a large presence of mesophilic aerobic germs and coliform flora in all samples. On the other hand, lithological data from drill holes, in the study area, indicate a preponderance of various schist and alterites that are depleted of fluorides and phosphate compounds. The geological cross-section shows that the aquifer in the town seems to be very homogeneous and does not indicate any tectonic structure that could explain contamination due to horizontal flow. This contamination reflects the lack of hygiene and sanitation near water storage points, the uncontrolled use of pesticides and fertilizers. The use of water protection equipment and hygiene awareness will considerably reduce pollution at the household level.
Estudio Estadístico De Lacaracterización De Residuos Solidos De La Parroquia Taracoa Provincia De Orellana
Authors: Pazmiño Juan Pablo Wayllas
Published: February 2018

In this study, a statistical analysis was carried out on the management of solid household waste generated in the Taracoa parish of the province of Orellana in the Ecuadorian Oriente. The inhabitants of the study community must, however, observe the legal regulations provided by the municipality of Orellana. The analysis was aimed at identifying the per capita production of solid waste and the characterization of them. 61 families were chosen to carry out the study, with an average of 5 inhabitants for each of them, resulting in a total of 305 inhabitants. The methodology of this study uses the probabilistic method to obtain the samples. These samples were taken directly from the houses identified for sampling. The results show that the solid waste PPC in the parish Taracoa of the province of Orellana was 0.89 kg/hab/day, generating a total of 273.60 kg/day. This, therefore, was sent to the dump of the municipality of Orellana. The statistical analysis determines that in the domiciles of the parish Taracoa of the province of Orellana, organic waste occupies the first place with 75.60%. This was followed by plastic sleeves with 8.60%, plastic bottles with 5.20%, carton with 4.90%, paper with 3.95%, and cans with 1.75%.
Perceptions Sociales De L’hygiene Et De L'assainissement En Milieu Urbain Et Rural Ivoirien
Authors: Nicolas Brou Ahossi , Severin Kouassi N'dri , Ai Modestine Kadjo , Mel Joachim Atchori , Jonas Ibo Guéhi
Published: February 2018

People's perceptions of hygiene and sanitation appear to differ by community. Often, these perceptions do not contribute to improving the living conditions of the populations concerned. The study aims to improve hygiene and sanitation intervention strategies by better controlling people's perceptions and behaviors. The aim is to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of populations according to gender as well as the perceptions of urban and rural populations in terms of hygiene and sanitation. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. Direct observation, individual interviews, focus groups and household survey are the main techniques used. Six (6) towns and six (6) villages in Côte d'Ivoire have been selected. The results demonstrate the similarity of perceptions and behaviors related to hygiene and sanitation. However, there is a variety of designations of their material and immaterial components. It does not reflect a variation of perceptions and behaviors, which would be linked to their original cultural substratum, but the differential effort of local populations in the context of adaptation to an existential environment. If cultural references do not support the hypothesis that "the perceptions and behaviors that people have in terms of hygiene and sanitation are determined by their cultural values, their socio-economic status and space in which they evolve ", the relations of the gender (women, men, children, notability, etc.) play a preponderant role in the determination of the perceptions and the behaviors for the improvement of the frameworks of life.
Fermente Süt İçeceğinde Probiyotik Bakterilerin Gelişimi Üzerine Meyve İlavesinin Etkisi
Authors: BARAT Abdullah , ÖZCAN Tülay
Published: February 2018

 

Bu çalışmada kontrol (K);

karadut (DFİ); siyah üzüm (ÜFİ) ve kızılcık meyveli fermente içecek (KFİ)

olmak üzere 4 farklı probiyotik fermente süt içeceği üretilmiştir. Üretimde

kullanılacak sütlere Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.

bulgaricus, Lactobacillus

acidophilus ve Bifidobacterium lactis içeren starter kültür

inoküle edilerek inkübasyona bırakılmıştır. Meyveli probiyotik fermente içecek

örneklerinde bulunan bileşenlerin bakterilerin gelişmesini teşvik eden

potansiyel prebiyotik           etkisi sonucu S. thermophilus,

Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.

bulgaricus,                L. acidophilus,  B.

lactis sayılarının önerilen biyoterapötik

seviyede (>106 log

kob mL-1) olduğu

saptanmıştır (p<0.01). KFİ örneğinde toplam antioksidan kapasite değeri,

askorbik asit ve toplam fenolik bileşen değerlerinin yüksek olmasına bağlı

olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, meyve ilaveli fermente süt

içeceklerinin probiyotik bakterilerin metabolizmaya alınması için alternatif

ürün olarak değerlendirilebileceği belirlenmiştir.

 
Organik Etlik Piliç Karma Yemlerine İlave Edilen Yonca Ununun Karkas Özellikleri, Nispi Organ Ağırlıkları, Bağırsak Viskozitesi, İncik ve Ayak Rengi Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: TAN Kağan , KIRKPINAR Figen
Published: February 2018

Bu çalışma organik yonca ununun yavaş gelişen organik etlik
piliçlerin karma yemlerinde kullanılmasının karkas özellikleri, nispi organ ağırlıkları,
bağırsak viskozitesi, incik ve ayak renk değeri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek
amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, toplam 225 adet günlük yaşta erkek ve dişi karışık Hubbard Red JA etlik civciv kullanılmıştır. Civcivler canlı ağırlık (CA) farklılıkları
istatistiki olarak önemsiz olacak şekilde 3 muamele grubuna 5 tekerrürlü (n=15)
olarak dağıtılmıştır. Deneme süresince (77 gün) muamele gruplarında %0, %5 ve
%10 düzeylerinde yonca unu içeren yemler kullanılmıştır. Deneme sonunda
karkas ağırlığı, pankreas, bezel mide, taşlık, duodenum, ileum + jejenum ve
kalın bağırsak ağırlıklarında önemli farklılıklar saptanmış (P<0.05),
karkas randımanı, göğüs, but,  abdominal
yağ, karaciğer, kalp, dalak, pankreas, bursa fabricius ve kör bağırsak nispi
ağırlıkları ve bağırsak viskozitesi ise değişmemiştir (P>0.05). Yonca unu
ilavesi incik parlaklık ve sarı rengi ile ayak sarı rengini etkilemezken
(P>0.05), incik kırmızılık değeri ile ayak parlaklık ve kırmızılık değerini
(%5 yonca grubunda) artırmıştır (P<0.05). Organik üretimde kanatlı kümes
hayvanlarının beslenmesinde gerek yem karmasının içinde gerekse gezinme
alanında yararlanılacak kaba yemlerin etkilerinin incelenmesi ve uygun
düzeylerinin saptanması için bu konuda yapılacak araştırmalara ihtiyaç
duyulmaktadır.
Estudos sobre o imaginário na atmosfera de quilombos arqueológicos
Authors: Carle Cláudio Baptista
Published: February 2018

Estudo sobre os diversos imaginários nas pesquisas de quilombos arqueológicos brasileiros, realizadas no Rio Grande do Sul, nos últimos anos, considerando seus aspectos colaborativos entre ciências e cientistas.
Oficina lítica de polimento no noroeste do estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Oliveira Nanci Vieira de
Published: February 2018

No noroeste do Rio de Janeiro, foi identificado um sítio arqueológico do tipo amolador polidor fixo, localizado na Fazenda Santa Inês, município de Miracema. A identificação deste tipo de sítio arqueológico mostra que no Rio de Janeiro, a sua ocorrência não está restrita às praias e ilhas. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir as características deste sítio arqueológico.
O vermelho e o negro: Raízes coloniais do universo concentracionário do General Franco
Authors: Maguire Pedro Pablo Fermín
Published: February 2018

As fases finais da rede Nazista na Segunda Guerra Mundial predominam nas imagens mais frequentes sobre campos de concentração. Mas, isolando alguns dos seus elementos conceituais, léxicos e materiais, podemos encontra-los em meio a contextos coloniais. O militarismo e o estado de exceção fornecem também algumas das condições nas quais esses elementos ou práticas geralmente associadas à declaração de inimizade, adquiriram um caráter massivo.
Novas perspectivas para a arqueologia da repressão e da resistência no Brasil depois da Comissão Nacional da Verdade
Authors: Soares Inês Virgínia Prado
Published: February 2018

O texto discute a importância da Arqueologia da Repressão e da Resistência na atual agenda de direitos humanos brasileira no tema da memória e verdade, a partir do argumento de que um dos possíveis legados da Comissão Nacional da Verdade – CNV será uma inédita demanda de pesquisas arqueológicas.