bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arteritis de células gigantes y Síndrome de Charles Bonnet
Authors: Álvarez-Lario Bonifacio , Macarrón-Vicente Jesús
Published: July 2019

Santo Martino de León fue un clérigo leonés del siglo XII. Se conocen algunos detalles de su vida porque fueron descritos por su coetáneo Lucas de Tuy en el Liber de Miraculis Sancti Isidori. Santo Martino era un anciano venerable que padecía fuertes dolores de cabeza, notables dificultades para elevar o mantener elevados los brazos, cansancio y anorexia. Además, aparece representado en su obra Concordia con una inusual hiperpigmentación de las sienes que sugiere alguna intervención terapéutica sobre las arterias temporales. Estos datos nos llevan a pensar que podría ser el primer caso descrito de arteritis de células gigantes con alguna información clínica. Por otra parte, sufrió una singular y curiosa aparición de San Isidoro de Sevilla que le hizo tragar un librillo, que pudiera corresponder a una alucinación visual compleja o síndrome de Charles Bonnet asociado. Se comentan los datos históricos de la enfermedad, así como su evolución y tratamiento antes de los corticoides.
La storia della beta talassemia in Sardegna
Authors: Martini Mariano , Tornali Cristina , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi , Paluan Filippo , Vardeu Maria Francesca
Published: July 2019

La beta thalassemia rappresenta una delle più comuni patologie autosomiche recessive nel mondo. I Paesi mediterranei, del Medio Oriente e del Sud Est Asiatico sono regioni ad alta prevalenza di beta thalassemia. Le più alte incidenze sono riportate a Cipro, nel Sud Est Asiatico e in Sardegna, correlate molto probabilmente alla pressione selettiva esercitata dal Pl. falciparum, agente eziologico della malaria. In Sardegna, per la rilevanza sanitaria della patologia e in seguito alla pubblicazione dei primi studi scientifici sul morbo di Cooley, sono fiorite importanti scuole di pediatria e genetica medica, che contribuiranno alla definizione dei criteri diagnostici, della terapia e della prevenzione, anche neonatale, dell’anemia mediterranea e delle emoglobinopatie.
In the Line of Fire: European Financial Regulators before, during, and after the Crisis
Authors: Bach Tobias , Boon Jan , Boye Stefan , Houlberg Salomonsen Heidi , Verhoest Koen , Wegrich Kai
Published: July 2019

A key argument in recent theorizing on the drivers of bureaucratic behaviour is that agencies seek to establish and maintain a unique reputation. While recent years have witnessed substantial empirical support for this claim, the field lacks comparative examinations of the dynamics of reputation and its management throughout crisis periods. This article draws on a systematic media content analysis to explore the exposure and communication responses of the German, Belgian and Danish financial regulators to reputational threats before, during, and after the financial crisis. Our results point at the dynamic and context-sensitive nature of reputation management.
Öffentliche Personalsysteme im Wandel – weitere Reformschritte sind notwendig
Authors: Ritz Adrian
Published: July 2019

Die öffentlichen Personalsysteme werden seit einigen Jahren in vielen Ländern reformiert. Die reformierten Personalsysteme zeichnen sich durch höhere Flexibilität als die traditionellen Modelle aus und insgesamt lässt sich eine wachsende Konvergenz im Personalmanagement öffentlicher und privater Organisationen beobachten. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt den Wandel öffentlicher Personalsysteme dar und entwickelt fünf Thesen zum weiteren Reformbedarf, insbesondere von Laufbahnsystemen. Deren Anstellungs- und Arbeitsbedingungen gilt es weiter zu flexibilisieren und Selektions-, Entwicklungs- sowie Beförderungsstrategien sind wettbewerbsorientierter auszugestalten, damit die Arbeitsattraktivität des öffentlichen Dienstes gesteigert wird.
Stazyk, Edmund C. and Frederickson, H. George (Ed.) (2018). Handbook of American Public Administration. Cheltenham, UK/Northampton, Ma, USA: Edward Elgar. XVIII/552 Seiten, ISBN: 9781 78643 206 3
Authors: Prätorius Rainer
Published: July 2019

This book offers a good overview of the current advances in research, its value as a source of reference and for teaching is limited at best. It is significant in its departure away from older (normative, holistic, comparative) perspectives. The focus is on the administrative contribution to the formation and success of programs. “Performance” has emerged as the key-term of a self-understanding that places Public Administration closer to Policy Sciences and Organizational Theory than to some traditions of the discipline.
Siefken, Sven (2018). Parlamentarische Kontrolle im Wandel. Theorie und Praxis des Deutschen Bundestages. Baden-Baden: Nomos. 461 Seiten. ISBN: 978-3-8487-4966-9
Authors: Bach Tobias
Published: July 2019

This book addresses the practices of the German Bundestag in controlling the federal administration. Siefken elaborates on different notions of parliamentary control and provides a detailed mapping of the parliament’s use of formal control instruments from 1949 - 2017. Most interestingly for scholars of public administration, Siefken conducted eight case studies of parliamentary control of federal agencies – both “traditional” and “modern” agencies established according to the ideas of the New Public Management or the independent regulatory agency model. Those case studies are instrumental for answering the book’s overarching research question about the exercise of parliamentary control under the conditions of major changes in the organizational setup of the state. With the exception of regulatory agencies, Siefken finds no major differences in control practices according to those categories, but fleshes out middle-range explanations of parliamentary control behaviour. This is an empirically rich book providing unprecedented insights into the actual practice of parliamentary control.
Evaluation of Hematuria in a Large Public Health Care System
Authors: Ghandour Rashed , Freifeld Yuval , Singla Nirmish , Lotan Yair
Published: July 2019

Background:

Hematuria is the most common presenting symptom in bladder cancer, but many patients are not adequately evaluated.

Objectives:

To evaluate the type and frequency of hematuria evaluation in a large public health care system.

Patients and Methods:

Electronic medical records of adult patients with urinalysis positive for hematuria (≥3 RBCs/HPF) from January 2015 to April 2018 in an outpatient setting were reviewed. Logistic regression was performed to determine factors associated with urology referral and complete evaluation.

Results:

11,422 patients met the inclusion criteria; the majority were females (72%) and white race (60%). There were an additional 3,221 patient’s with initial diagnosis of UTI. Median age was 49.0 years. Testing included repeat urinalysis (50%), imaging (26%), urology referral (11.4%), cystoscopy (4.4%) and complete evaluation defined as cystoscopy and US/CT/MRI (4%). In the multivariable analysis, factors independently associated with higher referral to urology were age >35, male gender, hypertension, RBCs ≥20. African American race was associated with less referral to urology. Smoking was a significant variable on univariable analysis only. 37 patients (0.25%) were diagnosed with urological malignancies, with bladder cancer in 33, 12 of whom are missed by excluding UTI patients.

Conclusions:

In the outpatient setting of a public health care system, the vast majority of patients with hematuria are not referred and evaluated properly across all age categories and regardless of smoking status. This might result in missed cancer diagnoses and requires quality improvement measures.
Coupling analysis of a new skin effect electric heat tracing system for deep water heavy oil pipeline
Authors: Ding Li , Zhang Jiasheng , Lin Aiguo
Published: July 2019

In order to ensure the safety of fluid flow in deep-water submarine pipelines, a safe and energy-saving built-in skin effect electric heat tracing technology was adopted as the thermal management strategy. By analyzing the multi-physics conditions of the electromagnetic field-temperature field in the heating state of pipelines, the corresponding control equations were derived, and the physical model was established using the transient electromagnetic-temperature coupling field of Ansys Workbench. Simultaneously, we calculated the equivalent parameters of the oil pipeline and heating cable as the load when the system is heated to different temperatures. Thus, the main circuit parameters of the power supply for the built-in skin effect electric tracing system were designed, thus providing the theoretical guidance for the key performance optimization. For regulating the output power of the built-in skin effect electric heat tracing system, the nonlinear active disturbance rejection control strategy was newly adopted to achieve closed-loop power regulation based on the Buck chopper, and the system has the advantages of fast dynamic response and strong anti-interference ability. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed control system was verified by simulation.
Why health policies should be transnational: A case for East Asia Pacific countries
Authors: Ambade Preshit Nemdas , Katragadda Chinmayee , Sun Diana , Bootman J. Lyle , Abraham Ivo
Published: July 2019

This paper argues that health policies should transcend national boundaries yet should not reach the supranational level. Along with multinational global health efforts, such cross-national health policies are essential to leverage joint efforts by countries learning from their peers that experience similar health system challenges. In our analysis, we used World Bank Health, Nutrition, and Population (HNP) data from 1995 to 2014 for East Asia Pacific (EAP) countries to explore health system comparability across member nations. We applied a hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward’s method and a squared Euclidean distance approach to classify 24 EAP countries into four relatively stable clusters based on their (dis)similarities over nine selected health expenditure and health system performance related indicators. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the discreteness of the formed clusters. Each cluster had unique characteristics based on the included indicators and health system performance of the member countries. We present transnational health policy recommendations for the EAP region based on both our use of robust methodology and the resulting comparative clusters.
Gender-specific difference among socio-demographic determinants of malnutrition and anemia among hospitalized children
Authors: Vajdi Mahdi , Farhangi Mahdieh Abbasalizad
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND:

Malnutrition and anemia are mainly in coexistence with each other and are potent risk factors of delayed growth and development in children. Moreover, both malnutrition and anemia could trigger the disease and prolonged the hospitalization period.

OBJECTIVE:

The purpose of the current study is to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and anemia in patients admitted to Tabriz pediatric hospital in 2017 and also to determine their demographic and social determinants.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study of 342 children aged 6 months to 13 years including 220 boys and 122 girls admitted to pediatric hospital in Tabriz-Iran in 2017 were recruited. Demographic and anthropometric variables were obtained from medical records. Height for age, weight for age and weight for height Z-scores (HAZ, WAZ, WHZ) were used to evaluate the nutritional status. Routine laboratory records of children in hospital were used to determination of anemia. Anemia was defined based on the WHO criteria as hemoglobin concentrations less than 11 and 11.5 g/dL for children under and over 5 years old respectively.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of severe and moderate wasting among girls were more prevalent than boys ( P < 0.05). The moderate stunting was also more prevalent among girls ( P = 0.029). Total prevalence of anemia was 31.87%; while this prevalence among children under and over 5 years of old was 31.25% and 33.33% respectively. In children under 5 years, mean age, weight, height and WHZ in anemic children were significantly lower than non-anemic children ( P < 0.05). In children over 5 years of age, mean age and weight were also marginally lower among anemic compared with non-anemic children. No statistically significant difference between prevalence of anemia in children under or over 5 years old were identified.

CONCLUSIONS:

High prevalence of malnutrition among girls compared with boys reveals the need for further attention and strategy planning for nutrition education and intervention among vulnerable low-income families.
Eating habits and food intake in relation to adherence to the mediterranean diet, in adults living in the Island of Sicily
Authors: Zappalá Gaetano , Platania Armando , Bellia Maria Alessandra , Ragusa Rosalia , Marranzano Marina
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND:

Eating habits, such as breakfast, snaking, and out-of-home meals, have been reported to potentially influence health status of general population.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study was to characterize the food and nutrient intake and level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet of a sample of Italian adults according to their eating habits.

METHODS:

Data derived from 1,952 participants from the Mediterranean Healthy Eating, Aging and Lifestyle study was used for the study.

RESULTS:

Individuals having breakfast (any time) had higher intakes of nuts and dairy products compared to those who had not, but also lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Those having snacks (any time) had higher energy intake, lower intake of meat and olive oil, while higher intake of protein, total fats, nuts and lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet, compared to those subjects who do not consume snacks. Those who reported eating meals out of home (any time) had lower intake fiber, cereals, fruit and olive oil, while they had higher intakes sodium, nuts, processed meat and beer compared to the others; no relation with adherence to Mediterranean diet was detected though.

CONCLUSIONS:

Healthy eating habits might be positively associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet, however, further studies are needed to confirm this association.
Analysis of the list of dugs for the treatment of bronchial asthma in children acording to state form
Authors: Kosyachenko K. L. , Kostiuk I. A.
Published: July 2019

Today, in the conditions of economic instability of the country, provision of rational pharmacotherapy is an important element of the development of the health system of Ukraine. An effective tool for this is the state form of drugs that allows to remove ineffective drugs, and the treatment of proven efficacy by evidence-based medicine.

The purpose of the work was to study the lists and dynamics of the number of drugs for the treatment of bronchial asthma in children in the State form of the Ministry of Health of the first-tenth issues.

Material and method of research was the content analysis of the State form for the first-tenth issues of the Ministry of Health and the Unified Clinical Protocol for Primary, Secondary (Specialized) Medical Aid «Bronchial Asthma in Children».

In the results of the conducted research, the number of drugs for the treatment of asthma in children contains 13 international non-proprietary names (INNs), all of which were presented in 10 issues of the State form of drugs, except for Omalizumab, which was available in 9 out of 10 issues. In general, there is an increase number of trade names (TN) with each issue of the State form of drugs, analysis of the data carried out on chain indicators allowed to establish that the number of TN in the tenth issue compared with the first increased by 22%. A study of quantitative changes in TN shows us that for most INNs, the range of drugs increases or does not change, but the difference between the first and the tenth release of the State form of INN drugs use for Beclometasone and Methylprednisolone is – 40%. The analysis allows producing countries to establish that 87% of the analyzed group of drugs manufactured by foreign pharmaceutical companies, and only 13% – domestic. This production represented 20 foreign countries and domestic – 10 companies. The largest segment of the studied sample drugs generates India – 24.3%, Great Britain and Ukraine – by 12.6%.

The conducted studies allow us to conclude that the domestic production of this group of drugs with proven efficacy and safety according to evidence-based medicine is advisable, which will reduce the total cost of treatment for asthma in children, by increasing the proportion of Ukrainian drug production.
Analysis of dynamics of the drug list in the аffordable medicines program for treatment of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Huz V. S. , Zaliska O. M.
Published: July 2019

The implementation of the government program on reimbursement in Ukraine meets the requirements of WHO to ensure access to drugs, especially in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).

The list of TN drugs included in the «Affordable medicines» program increased by 22.6% in 2017–2018, and the proportion of compensated TNs has increased completely from 16.2% to 29.1%, that is, every third drug is released free of charge, which provides increased availability for patients with CVD.

The purpose of the study was to analyze and compare the list that are available in the State Register of Ukraine for the treatment of CVD, and the range of INNs under the trade name (TN) and producers, which are part of the government program «Affordablee medicines» in dynamics for 2017–2018 years.We conducted an expert evaluation of the demand for drugs and the prospects for expanding the list of drugs in the reimbursement program by questioning pharmacists working in pharmacies involved in a government project in the Lviv and Ivano-Frankivsk regions.

The objects of the study were the Orders of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the CMU Decisions, the Drug Registry for CVD, the cost for reimbursement in the program «Affordable Medicines». Questionnaires for assessing demand and prospects for expanding the list of reimbursement drugs were conducted. We used methods of comparative and content analysis, as well as logical and graphical analysis.

We identified the groups of drugs presented in the «Available drugs» program, mainly foreign suppliers, therefore, the introduction of generic preparations of carvedilol, losartan, simvastatin and spironolactone is promising for domestic production, in order to increase consumption and reduce reimbursement costs, which will ensure availability for consumers. It is advisable to include domestic preparations of isosorbide dinitrate, hydrochlorothiazide, enalapril and atenolol in a program that will expand the list of these drugs in the «Affordable medicines» program.

According to the expert opinion of pharmacists from Lviv and Ivano-Frankivsk regions, it is expedient to include from the group of lisinopril in the list of available drugs such as Lisinopril-Teva and Enap, and from the combined preparations of Enap H, Vasar H and Co-Preneca, which are often prescribed by doctors and they are in demand by patients.
Rational and irrational processes in decision making: An economic perspective
Authors: Lacatus Maria Liana
Published: July 2019

The paper presents important issues of decision making processes with an emphasis on rational and irrational components of these processes. After a short introduction outlining the need for a deeper understanding of rational and non-rational factors that affect the decisions people make, the rationality of people decisions in daily life is questioned and the role of non-rational factors such as intuition are analyzed. The economic understanding of the decision making process is presented and principles of rational decision-making are explained. Different methods used and recommended by economists in order to make decisions are presented and applied in different life situations in order to demonstrate their value in daily life. Special emphasis is put on factors such as imperfect information, illusion of control, or risk aversion that may affect the rationality of the decision making processes. In the final section of the paper the concept of bounded rationality is introduced and explained along with new theories in economics that are challenging the classic economic perspective on the decision making process
Coping strategies for exam stress
Authors: Păduraru Monica Elisabeta
Published: July 2019

During the examination period, students experience a state of stress generated both by the exams themselves and by the fear of getting bad grades and implicitly a failure. This problem needs to be taken into consideration, not only because of the high percentage of students who suffer from it, but also because it has a negative effect on academic performance and self-esteem. Through this article, we tried to identify coping strategies used by students to cope with the exam stress (before, during and after the exam). We used the focus group technique on 32 students (divided into 4 groups). The students are from The Bucharest University of Economic Studies and they are enrolled in the pedagogical training module. Following the centralization of the opinions expressed during the discussions, we grouped the coping strategies into four categories: general coping (used during the semester), coping methods used before the exam (in the exam period), coping methods used during the exam itself, and coping methods used after the exam. As a result of this study, we believe that students and teachers have raised awareness of the importance of using positive coping strategies to lessen the stress associated with exams. The initiative to organize student stress management workshops was also launched
Intuitive Self-development as an Important Factor af the Spiritual and Mental Self-healing of an Individual and Society
Authors: Tyurina Tamara , Stavkova Sofiya
Published: July 2019

The objective of the article: to show the role and significance of intuitive-spiritual self-development for the spiritual and mental health of the individual
The presence of cellulose-degrading microorganisms in Perisesarma eumolpe crab’s stomach at opened areas of Can Gio mangrove forest
Authors: Tran My Ngoc Diem , Nguyen Nhan Trong
Published: July 2019

The study was conducted to determine the presence of cellulose-degrading microorganisms which were living in the stomach of Perisesarma eumolpe crabs. P. eumolpe were collected in the gap of Can Gio mangrove caused by Durian typhoon in 2006. The study identified 520 microorganism samples from 30 stomach samples Cellulose degrading microbacteria were isolated on three types of nutrient media: meat extract – peptone, Gause and Czapek – Dok with CMC. These 520 microbial samples included of 496 aerobic bacteria, 7 actinomycetes and 0 mold samples. The number of cellulose degrading microorganisms was also accounted for 46% of total (240 samples). Among these, there were 24 bacteria strains and 5 actinomycetes strains which degradated cellulose based on the difference in the colony and the cell shape. The average microbial density per crab gut was approximately 0.66 ×105 to 6.6 ×105 cell/mL. In addition, the results showed that cellulose degrading microorganism groups have importantly contributed to the food sources for P. eumolpe during their living in the mangrove forest.
The development of rs7107217 genotyping method and initial study of the association of this gene with the breast cancer risk in Vietnamese women
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Thi Ngoc , Mai Giau Thi Ngoc , Nguyen Hue Thi
Published: July 2019

Breast cancer is the most common cancer for women around the world. The presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on or near the coding region of breast cancer susceptibility genes can affect the regulation of gene expression, which may increase or decrease the risk of breast cancer. BARX2 was showed to stimulate the expression of ERS1, which involved in the development of breast cancer. SNP rs7107217 on 152kb downstream of the BARX2 could affect the level of protein BARX2 and had been proved to associate with the breast cancer risk in populations similar to Vietnamese, including Chinese and Korean. In this study, rs7107217 was genotyped and initially detemined the association with the breast cancer risk in Vietnamese. Real-time PCR HRM was optimized and used to genotype rs7107217 in 117 breast cancer cases and 105 healthy controls. Thereafter, the correlation of this SNP with the risk of breast cancer was initially determined by analyzing the differences in allelic and genotypic frequencies between cases and control groups. The results showed the optimal rs7107217 genotyping condition was successfully developed with the high sensitivity, specificity, and consistency. SNP rs7107217 had high polymorphism with the frequency of minor allele C of 29.9% and 35.3% in case and control, respectively. SNP rs7107217 had been found no association with the breast cancer risk (C vs A: P = 0.23, OR (95% CI) = 0.79 (0.53 – 1.17)). However with the low reliability of the analysis (11.71%) and the high potential related to the formation of breast cancer, the association between rs7107217 and breast cancer risk in Vietnamese population should be further conducted on a larger sample size to get higher accuracy.
Chemical constituents of the propolis from the stingless bee Trigona minor
Authors: Nguyen Hai Xuan , Nguyen Mai Thi Thanh , Nguyen Nhan Trung
Published: July 2019

Propolis is a natural product produced by bees, and it is a mixture of resins and other bee excretions. The chemical composition of each type of propolis and its associated bioactivities also depend on the geographical regions, its food and the bee species. In Vietnam, propolis has been used in traditional medicine as the remedy to improve health and prevent diseases. From the ethanolic extract of the stingless bee propolis Trigona minor (Meliponini, Apidae), four lignan compounds were isolated. Their chemical structures were determined as (+)-isolariciresinol (1), 5-methoxy-(+)- isolariciresinol (2), (+)-lyoniresinol (3), and 6-(4- hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0] octan-2-one (4) by spectroscopic methods as well as comparing with data in the literature. Among them, compound 4 was the first isolated from natural sources, while others were isolated for the first time from this stingless bee propolis.
Ionic liquid supported on magnetic nanoparticles (-Fe2O3@SiO2-IL-ZnxCly) as the green catalyst for the Paal-Knorr reaction
Authors: Nguyen Hai Truong , Tran Phuong Hoang
Published: July 2019

The ionic liquid supported on magnetic nanoparticles ( -Fe2O3@SiO2-IL-ZnxCly) was found to be an effective catalyst for the Paal–Knorr reaction. The condensation of aromatic amine and acetonylacetone under solvent-free sonication afforded the desired pyrrole derivatives in high yields. The pyrrole derivatives was isolated in yield with a environmentally friendly process. The structure of products was determined by modern methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 13C NMR), high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GS-MS). Moreover, the catalyst could be easily recovered by magnetic separation and reused for five times without significant loss of the catalytic activity.
Method for calculation the absolute dose in the Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Luong Oanh Thi , Dang Luong Thanh , Duong Tai Thanh
Published: July 2019

In this study, we presented the method for calculation the absolute dose in the Monte Carlo simulation following the prescription of Popescu et al for the 6 MV photon energy. The BEAMnrc was used to simulate 6 MV photon beams from a Siemens Primus M5497 linear accelerator at DongNai general hospital. The DOSXYZnrc was then used to calculate the dose distribution in a homogeneous phantom (in form of CT images). The absolute dose obtained from the MC and TPS were compared with measured ones using an ion chamber (Farmer Type Chamber FC65-P, IBA). The average doses discrepancy between the simulated and measured dose was 0.53±0.37% and between the simulated and TPS was 1.00±0.51%. Results showed good agreement between simulated, measured and calculated dosed on a homogeneous phantom.
GPRTVN – Processing ground penetrating radar data software
Authors: Nguyen Van Thanh , Nguyen Thuan Van , Dang Trung Hoai , Vo Triet Minh , Vo Lieu Nguyen Nhu
Published: July 2019

Designing and mapping underground construction works have been doing for years to meet urgent demands in urbanization process. In this field, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) method has shown many advantages in determining underground structures. However, our country has almost no processing program that meets demands of processing and interpretation GPR data. This paper introduced GPRTVN processing program which was the research result of the Department of Geophysics for years. This program could process data of many present GPR equipments and quickly provide cross sections of existing underground constructions. It would be very useful for construction and building investigation companies in Vietnam.
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Ho Chi Minh City: Analysis of the status and the temporal variation based on the continuous data from 2013-2017
Authors: Duong Huy Huu , Nguyen Chi Doan Thien , Nguyen Phu Ly Sy , To Hien Thi
Published: July 2019

Since 2013, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment published the revision of the “National Technical Regulation on Ambient Air Quality” (QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT), in which the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was added to the QCVN. However, the status and the temporal variation of PM2.5 in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) have not been reported so far, especially based on the continuous and high time resolution measurements. The aim of this study was to analyze the status and the temporal variation of PM2.5 collected at the center of HCMC. Based on the composited PM2.5 data from the air monitoring station located at the University of Science, the average PM2.5 concentration was 28.0 ± 18.1 µg/m³ during 2013– 2017. The annual PM2.5 concentration in HCMC exceeded the acceptable limits of QCVN and WHO, highlighting a high human health risk. The PM2.5 concentrations showed the pronounced diurnal variation with the highest observed after the morning rush hour and the lowest during the midnight. In addition, a remarkable seasonal variation was observed with the highest and lowest PM2.5 occurring in dry and rainy seasons, respectively. This result highlighted the vital role of the rainfall events in reducing the PM2.5 level. Finally, from the analysis of the backward trajectories ending at the air monitoring station, we found that the air mass from the North and Northeast originating from China then passing through the areas (i.e. Binh Duong and Dong Nai provinces) with heavy industrial activities possessed a high PM2.5 level.
Sea level rise scenarios for Ho Chi Minh City in the context of the climate change
Authors: Le Tuan Ngoc , Ngo Thinh Nam , Nguyen Phung Ky
Published: July 2019

This work aimed to develope sea level rise (SLR) scenarios in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) to 2100, corresponding to the scenarios of RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5 and the approach mentioned in the AR5 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) through SIMCLIM software, and the local water level data (updated to 2015). The results showed that the SLR in the coastal area of HCMC increased gradually over the years as well as the increase in greenhouse gas scenarios. In the period of 2025-2030, SLR would increase relatively equally among RCP scenarios. SLR in 2030 would increase about 12cm as compared to sea level in the period of 1986-2005 in all RCP scenarios. By 2050, the average SLR for the scenarios of RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5 would be 21 cm, 21 cm, 22 cm, and 25 cm, respectively. The corresponding figures for 2100 would bee 43 cm, 52 cm, 54 cm, and 72 cm, respectively. The research results provide an important basis for calculations and assessments of impact and vulnerability due to the climate change to socio-economic development in HCMC.
ESTIMATION OF THE DEPTH OF ANESTHESIA BY ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM USING NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Al-Ghaili Mokhammed A. , Kalinichenko Alexander N.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. Monitoring of the depth of anesthesia during surgery is a complex task. Since electroencephalogram (EEG) signals contain valuable information about processes in the brain, EEG analysis is considered to be one of the most useful methods for study and assessment of the depth of anesthesia in clinical applications. Anesthetics affect the frequency composition of the EEG. EEG of awake persons, as a rule, contains mixed alpha and beta rhythms. Changes in the EEG, caused by the transition from the waking state to the state of deep anesthesia, manifest as a shift of the spectral components of the signal to the lower part of the frequency range. Anesthetics cause a whole range of neurophysiological changes, which cannot be correctly assessed with just one indicator. Objective. In order to describe complex processes during the transition from the waking state to the state of deep anesthesia adequately, it is required to propose a method for assessing the depth of anesthesia, using a comprehensive set of parameters reflecting changes in the EEG signal. The article presents the results of study the possibility of building a regression model based on artificial neural networks (ANN) to determine levels of anesthesia using a set of parameters calculated by EEG. Materials and methods. The authors of the article propose the method for assessing the level of anesthesia, based on the use of neural networks, which input parameters are time and frequency EEG parameters, namely: spectral entropy (SE); burst-suppression ratio (BSR); spectral edge frequency (SEF95) and log power ratio of the spectrum (RBR) for three pairs of frequency ranges. Results. The optimal parameters of ANN were determined, at which the highest level of regression is achieved between the calculated and the verified values of the anesthesia depth indices. Conclusion. In order to create a practical version of the algorithm, it is necessary to investigate further the noise stability of the proposed method and develop a set of algorithmic solutions, which ensure a reliable operation of the algorithm in the presence of noise.
STEERABLE TOROIDAL BIFOCAL LENS-ARRAY ANTENNA IN 57–64 GHZ RANGE
Authors: Maltsev Alexander A. , Seleznev Valentin M. , Rulkov Alexander S. , Bolkhovskaya Olesya V.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. Currently, one of the most promising approaches of the 5th generation mobile wireless systems development is the deployment of heterogeneous networks based on existing LTE cellular systems with large and small cells. The main elements of such networks can be small low cost relay stations equipped with highly directional steerable antenna systems to connect small cells with LTE base station serving macrocell. Objective. Existing solutions are either too expensive or not allowing flexible rearrangement of current information transmission lines. The objective of this work is to develop antenna equipment for low cost relay stations based on simple steerable antenna systems of millimetre wavelength (57-64 GHz), which allow beamsteering in both azimuth and elevation planes. Methods and materials. The developed steerable bifocal lens antenna system is a lens of a special shape made of a high molecular weight polyethylene and integrated with a phased array antenna. A key feature of the designed antenna system is a wide-angle beamsteering in the azimuth plane and ability to adjust the beam in the elevation plane. The calculation of the lens profiles was carried out by means of an approximation of geometrical optics in Matlab, and the main technical characteristics of the lens antenna system were obtained by direct electromagnetic modelling in CST Microwave Studio. Results. The prototype of the steerable bifocal lens-array antenna system is developed and its characteristics are studied. The following technical characteristics are achieved in the 57–64 GHz range: beamsteering in the elevation plane is ±3º, beamsteering in the azimuth plane is ±40º, and antenna gain is from 20 to 27.5 dBi for all angles. Conclusion. It was shown that the developed antenna system can be successfully used as receiving and transmission antenna equipment of small relay stations that transmit information in the frequency range of 57-64 GHz over a distance of 100-300 m.
DESIGN OF LENS ANTENNA WITH PLANAR ORTHOMODE TRANSDUCER FOR 28 GHZ FIXED SERVICE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Mozharovskiy Andrey V.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. Millimeter-wave frequency range can provide utilization of wide transmission frequency bands and therefore a significant increase of the capacity in modern communication systems. One of the main concerns in the design of the 27.5…29.5 GHz-wave communication system is a high gain antenna of the range of 30 dBi to compensate the significant level of radio signal attenuation in the communication channel compared to the traditional frequency bands below 6 GHz. Objective. Development of the integrated lens antenna with the ability to operate on two orthogonal linear polarizations to separate the transmitted and received signals by polarization and, therefore, to create more efficient use of the spectrum. At the same time, an important task is to provide a high aperture efficiency of the antenna and a low level of insertion loss in the distribution system, which should have an interface based on printed transmission lines for connection to the radio frequency circuit elements realized on the printed circuit board. Materials and methods. The main method of the analysis of the lens antenna characteristics is full-wave electromagnetic simulation in the computer-aided design system CST Microwave Studio. The results are confirmed with experimental samples measurement. Results. The designed antenna is an integrated lens antenna consisting of a homogeneous semi-elliptical dielectric lens with a diameter of D = 120 mm with a cylindrical extension and a primary radiator based on a microstrip antenna with a waveguide adapter. Waveguide adapter radiating opening dimensions were optimized using an analytical method based on a combination of geometrical and physical optics. Two orthogonal polarizations are excited on the primary microstrip patch antenna with the corresponding closely spaced “H-type” slots in one internal metallization layer. According to experimental results, the designed antenna provides the gain level of 29.5…30.2 dBi with a halfpower beamwidth of 4.8…5.1 degrees and cross-polarization level exceeding 37 dB for both polarizations in the whole frequency band of 27.5…29.5 GHz. Conclusion. The simplicity of the design, high aperture efficiency and the ability to operate on two orthogonal linear polarizations show that the developed lens antenna can be successfully used in radio communication systems of the 27.5…29.5 GHz frequency range.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE THERMAL REDUCTION TEMPERATURE ON THE STRUCTURE AND ELECTROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE FILMS
Authors: Kornilov Denis Yu.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. An incomplete list of graphene properties includes high electric conductivity, thermal conductivity,strength, large surface area, high light transmittance. Graphene is a very promising material from the point of view of itsapplication in micro- and nanoelectronics. In addition, graphene advantage is a possibility of its obtaining by variousways. It allows creating materials with desired physicochemical properties by using appropriate technological methods.Objective.The investigation of a thermal reduction temperature influence on physicochemical properties of grapheneoxide (GO) films.Materials and methods.In the present work, GO films are obtained on a slide surface by its immersing and removing froma graphene oxide water dispersion (dip coating). Obtained samples are studied by methods of scanning electron microscopy,Raman spectroscopy, and elemental CHN analysis. A sheet resistance is measured by a four-point probes method.Results.A content difference of elements (C, H, N) in studied samples, and both graphene structure defectiveness andsheet resistance decrease, are found to be proportional to a reduction temperature increase. A GO films thicknessdecrease during a heat treatment is also observed, which is presumably associated with a functional GO groups losswhile thermal reduction.Conclusion.Research results demonstrate a possibility of a carbon films with desired physicochemical propertiesobtaining from a reduced graphene oxide (RGO), which can be used in thin-film technologies. Presented materials canalso be useful in issues related to GO and RGO obtaining and applying.
ON USING PERIODIC REFERENCE SIGNAL IN HOMODYNE ACOUSTO-OPTIC SPECTRUM ANALYZER
Authors: Aronov Leonid A. , Dobrolenskii Yurii S. , Ushakov Victor N.
Published: July 2019

Introduction. For a homodyne acousto-optic spectrum analyzer functioning a reference optical channel must be organized. The signal in this channel should provide uniform reference illumination throughout the spatial frequency range. In the general case, the spectrum analyzer functioning can be considered with a continuous photosensor and photosensor with charge accumulation. With the last one, the signal in the reference channel is proposed to be a wideband pulses periodic sequence. Objective. Analyze the spectrum analyzer functioning with a periodic reference signal. Materials and methods. We derive the mathematical expression to describe the influence of the reference signal structure on the analyzer’s output signal for the cases of continuous photosensor and photosensor with charge accumulation. Results. It is shown that in the case of continuous photosensor, the reference signal periodicity does not lead to characteristics degradation. However, in the case of many frequency resolution points it is impractical, since each photodetector signal is parallel, processing is required: filtering, amplification and digitization. In the case of using of the charge accumulation sensor, the discrete frequency grid appears, which means signals omissions in frequency. This can be avoided by choosing the accumulation time equal to the minimum among the values of the acousto-optic modulator time aperture and the reference signal period, which is hard to implement, or still leads to the signal omissions in frequency or time. Conclusion. To perform a real-time mode in the homodyne acousto-optic spectrum analyzer, the reference signal must be either non-periodic, which raises the question of its synthesis, or a continuous photodiode array should be used.
АНАЛІЗ МОЖЛИВОСТІ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ ЛЕГКОГО ОДНОГВИНТОВОГО ВЕРТОЛЬОТА ШЛЯХОМ ЗАМІНИ РУЛЬОВОГО ГВИНТА ФЕНЕСТРОНОМ
Authors: Гребеников А. Г. , Урбанович В. А. , Малков И. В. , Чигрин В. С. , Грайворонский В. А. , Гуменный А. М. , Лоленко А. В. , Кривобок А. И. , Высочанская Ю. Ю. , Соболев А. А. , Москаленко Н. И. , Пирогов Л. А. , Вендин А. А.
Published: July 2019

Possibility of replacement of steering screw of helicopter is considered on fenestron. Application of fenestroninstead of steering screw conduces also to simplification of construction of row of aggregates. Diameter of screw of fenestronsubstantially less diameter of ordinary steering screw and protected by a protection as a hard ring. In this connection there is not a necessity for the fracture of tail beam for the creation required by landing terms, distance between the ends of blades of ordinary steering screw and by a terrene. It eliminates setting of intermediate reducing gear. Lateral force of fenestron unlike a steering screw passes practically athwart to the longitudinal main axis of inertia of helicopter and does not twist up a tail beam, and also does not create a tipping moment on the axial modes. However fenestron have defects. System of drive and management of screw in a ring more difficult as compared to steering spirally. Expenses of power for fenestron on the mode of hanging and axial moving more than for a steering screw. It is explained by the less diameter of screw in a ring, that reduces relative КПД. On the modes of the slanting flowing around with the height of speed of advantage of fenestron together with a keel, having an initial corner options more considerable, than ordinary steering screw. Because horizontal flight for helicopters is the basic mode, then on the whole there is a less than expense of power for fenestron as compared to steering spirally. Calculations of fenestron of easy single-rotor helicopter 3800 kg showed flight mass, that power on the drive of fenestron on the mode of hanging more power of steering screw is on 20%. Promoting efficiency of fenestron on the mode of hanging is possible, increasing the radius of screw of fenestron, shoulder of fenestron in relation to the centre of gravity of helicopter, and also promoting circuitous speed of screw of fenestron. Thus, application of fenestron instead of steering screw improves descriptions of helicopter and promotes his efficiency. But on the mode of hanging large power will be required. Such increase of power on the mode of hanging is observed at existent helicopters with fenestron.
ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЕ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНИХ УТОМНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК СПЛАВУ Д16Т (2024) МЕТОДОМ ВІЛЬНИХ КОЛИВАНЬ
Authors: Дибир А. Г. , Кирпикин А. А. , Пекельный Н. И.
Published: July 2019

In the process of studying fatigue characteristics of materials, components, assemblies and entire structures, as well as the prediction of durability, it is necessary to know the energy fatigue characteristics of various materials. These parameters include α – a fatigue failure parameter and W-1– irreversibly dissipated energy per loading cycle at stresses equal to the fatigue limit based on N = 107 cycles. The logarithmic damping decrement shows the fraction of irreversibly scattered energy when the oscillations decay from the total elastic energy of the oscillations. It has been proven that for metals fatigue failure is a constant "dangerous" energy. This paper describes the experimental determination of these energy characteristics for one of the most common materials in aviation, D16T (2024). By measuring the logarithmic damping factor in the fatigue test process, the dissipated energy is found over the loading cycle. Tests are conducted at two different loading levels. This allows to obtain a system of two equations to determine the two energy characteristics α and W-1.
Application of Carbon Nanobeads Prepared from Castor Seeds as a Sensor for the Detection of Estradiol
Authors: Gijare Swapna , Jebin Suma , Mhapankar Umesh
Published: July 2019

This paper presents the application of Carbon Nano beads (CNBs) prepared from castor seeds as a precursor by CVD method as a sensor to determine the concentration of estradiol in the urine sample. Semiconductors are the key for fabricating sensors. The semiconducting nature of prepared CNBs has been confirmed by photoluminescence (PL) technique. The required study for determining the hormone content of the urine sample in the presence of CNBs as a sensing material has been carried out using a CNB jig. The output voltage of the jig for the samples as well as standard solution of estradiol has been measured and calibrated into the concentration of estradiol in ?g/ml. This sensor is a non-invasive, cheap, faster, simple to fabricate as compared to conventional diagnostic methods available.