bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Tenure Affects the Way Higher Education CIOs Manage Change: Implications for Corporate CIOs
Authors:   ESC Clermont Business School, CleRMa, Gorgeon Arnaud
Published: April 2024

Current waves of digital innovations are continuously accelerating the pace and the scope of change that chief information officers (CIOs) must manage. To remain relevant and effective in their leadership roles, CIOs must be effective change agents. They enjoy longer tenure enabling them to complete their transformational journeys more effectively. However, the question of whether these change agents can be equally effective in the beginning and at the end of their mandate has largely been ignored in the IS literature. To fill this gap, this paper examines how and why the role of change agent evolves as CIOs progress in their tenure in office. Drawing from the management and the IS literature and the results of a revelatory case study of the CIOs of a large university system in the U.S., this paper proposes a three-phase model describing what combination of change agentry models is followed by CIOs as they progress in their tenure and why. The combination of change agentry models that CIOs tend to follow during their time in office is explained by the patterns of evolution of five key characteristics: commitment to a paradigm, task knowledge, information diversity, task interest, and power and influence.
Localized acoustic waves in one-dimensional periodically modulated structures
Authors:   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Nedospasov Ilya A. , Pupyrev Pavel D. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Smirnov Andrey V. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Kuznetsova Iren E. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS
Published: April 2024

A number of one-dimensional phononic crystals, which are periodic thin-film structures of various geometries, consisting of sets of columns and metal inclusions located on a piezoelectric half-space, have been proposed and studied. The features of propagation in such structures of acoustic waves localized near the free surface and inhomogeneous inclusions have been studied. An unusual behavior of the dispersion curves for the studied localized modes was discovered. Particular attention is drawn to the so-called forbidden zones, i.e. frequency ranges in which there are no propagating localized modes. The influence of mechanical and electrical boundary conditions on the spectrum of the waves under study is discussed in detail.
Modeling and analysis of temperature and thermomechanical stress distributions in a multi-chip electronic module
Authors:   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Ulyanovsk Branch, Khodakov Alexander M. , Smirnov Vitaliy I. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Sergeev Viacheslav A. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Ulyanovsk Branch, Tarasov Ruslan G. ,   NPP “Zavod Iskra"
Published: April 2024

A mathematical thermomechanical model of a multi-chip electronic module (MEM) containing three silicon dies of high-power transistors fixed with a conductive adhesive on a copper plate placed on a radiator is considered in the form of a system of equations of thermal conductivity and thermoelasticity with specified boundary conditions. As a result of computational studies of the model in the COMSOL Multiphysics software environment, distributions of temperature and thermomechanical stresses in the MEM structural elements were obtained depending on the heating power, the thickness of the adhesive and the size of the model defect in the contact connection of one of the MEM crystals with a copper plate in the form of voids in the adhesive layer. It is shown that voids in the adhesive layer lead to a sharply non-uniform temperature distribution over the crystal area and thermomechanical shear stresses in the contact layer that exceed the maximum permissible values for the adhesive. It has been established that thermomechanical stresses decrease with increasing thickness of the adhesive layer and increase with increasing size of the defect(voids) in this layer. The simulation results are in good agreement with the results of measuring the thermal impedance of power transistor crystals using the modulation method, which indicates the correctness and adequacy of the developed model.
Designing a microchip for exosome isolation with the ability to simultaneously impregnate it with imatinib: an in vitro analysis
Authors:   Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Monfaredan Amir , Rahim Fakher ,   Cihan University-Sulaimaniya, Kozhobekov Kudaiberdi G. ,   Osh State University, Tavoosidana Gholamreza ,   Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Modarressi Mohammad H. ,   Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hosseininasab Alaviyehsadat ,   GeneDia Life science company, Aghajani-Afrouzi Ali-Akbar ,   Payame Noor University, Sabet Mahdi Sh. ,   Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Motevaseli Elahe ,   Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Published: April 2024

Exosomes, a small bilayer membrane derived from eukaryotic cells, have been identified as a useful natural delivery platform due to their suitable size, biocompatibility, structural stability, high loading capacity, and editable surface capability. Due to the difficulty of maintaining the highly pure exosome, several attempts have conducted the techniques for exosome isolation. In recent years, microstructures have found many applications in chemistry, biology, and medicine due to their high accuracy and low cost of materials. Soft lithography is a low-cost, fast, accurate, and yet widely used method of construction of Micron channels. In the present study, a soft lithography process has been performed to construct channels for exosome separation with immunoaffinity function. Both biochemical and biophysical categories tests were performed to examine the quality of extracted exosomes from different sources (serum, cell supernatant, and urine) and compared with the commercially available kit. Results showed that the current technique was capable to isolate exosomes with a high yield rate, purity, and low time consumption. All forms of the imatinib loaded exosomes exhibited the antitumor activity against KYO-1 cell line.
Key Features of Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
Authors:   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Burlakov Evgenii V. , Korobov Alexander V. ,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics
Published: April 2024

The key features of continuous variables quantum key distribution protocols are considered in the paper. The motivation for studying and developing methods of quantum cryptography is substantiated. The main aspects inherent to continuous-variable protocols are highlighted, and they are classified based on various characteristics, peculiarities, and implementation variants. A detailed examination of a protocol example with discrete modulation and signal registration through balanced homodyne detection is provided. A classification of attacks on the quantum protocol is presented. A general overview of post-processing methods is given. The role of noise is indicated, and approaches to assessing the level of security applicable to continuous-variable protocols are discussed. In conclusion, the main conclusions regarding the current status of this problem are presented, and aspects requiring further study are identified.
One Approach for Group Navigation of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles
Authors:   Institute of Automation and Control Processes of the FEB RAS, Scherbatyuk Alexander F. , Matvienko Yury V. ,   Ageev Institute of Problems of Marine Technology FEB RAS, Kuz’kin Venedikt M. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of RAS, Pereselkov Sergey A. ,   Voronezh State University, Grachev Vladimir I. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS
Published: April 2024

A method for the group navigation support of autonomous underwater vehicles performing a common mission in shallow waters, which includes a leader underwater vehicle with high-precision navigation tools, is described. The operation of all devices is synchronized and involves information interaction between them. The determination for coordinates of the vehicles is based on measuring the distances between them and the leader device. An algorithm for estimating the location of individual devices is considered. The results of numerical modeling are presented, confirming the operability and required accuracy of the considered algorithm.
Numerical Investigation of the Steel Ball-Ice Plate Low-Speed Collision
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Khalid Walid , Golubev Vasiliy I. ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Guseva Evgeniya K. ,   Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics of the RAS
Published: April 2024

In this paper, the dynamic deformation process during the low-speed collision was investigated. The full 3D dynamic contact problem was simulated in the Abaqus software, based on the explicit finite-element method on structured meshes. Two basic mechanical models (linear isotropic elastic and elastoplastic) are considered. The obtained results showed the possibility of the experimental data, available in the open literature for different striker velocities, reproduction. The better understanding of the ice deformation process can be useful for different applied problems, like the ice impact on the aircraft wings estimation and the ice-water contact reflected waves filtration during the seismic survey in the Arctic region.
Criteria for image superposition in a two-camera technical vision system
Authors:   Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, Diyazitdinova Alfiya A.
Published: April 2024

The image superposition is the important task in machine vision system. The scene which is shot by two-camera system is the same for each camera. So the images of each camera contain the same signal. This feature defines the possible criteria for image superposition. The research tests three criteria of superposition. These are criteria by correlation coefficient, the amount of the match contour points and the amount of match feature points. The numerical simulation was developed for this research. The results of simulation identified that the correlation coefficient criteria is the most noise resistance, but it demand the greatest processing time. The amount of match contour points criteria is the least noise resistance. The amount of match feature point’s criteria is better, than correlation coefficient criteria by noise resistance, and processing time is the least.
Localized acoustic waves in one-dimensional periodically modulated structures
Authors:   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Недоспасов Илья А. , Пупырёв Павел Д. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Смирнов Андрей В. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Кузнецова Ирен Е. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН
Published: April 2024

Предложен и исследован ряд одномерных фононных кристаллов, представляющих собой периодические тонкопленочные структуры различной геометрии, состоящие из наборов столбиков и металлических включений, расположенных на пьезоэлектрическом полупространстве. Исследованы особенности распространения в подобных структурах акустических волн, локализованных около свободной поверхности и неоднородных включений. Обнаружено необычное поведение дисперсионных кривых для исследованных локализованных мод. Особое внимание уделено так называемым запрещенным зонам, т.е. частотным диапазонам, в которых отсутствуют распространяющиеся локализованные моды. Подробно обсуждено влияние механических и электрических граничных условий на спектр исследуемых волн.
Modeling and analysis of temperature and thermomechanical stress distributions in a multi-chip electronic module
Authors:   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Ульяновский филиал, Ходаков Александр М. , Смирнов Виталий И. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Ульяновский филиал, Сергеев Вячеслав А. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Ульяновский филиал, Тарасов Руслан Г. ,   НПП "Завод Искра", Гавриков Андрей А. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Ульяновский филиал
Published: April 2024

Рассмотрена математическая термомеханическая модель многокристального электронного модуля (МЭМ), содержащего три кремниевых кристалла мощных транзисторов, закрепленных токопроводящим адгезивом на медной пластине, размещенной на радиаторе, в виде системы уравнений теплопроводности и термоупругости с заданными граничными условиями. В результате расчетных исследований модели в программной среде COMSOL Multiphysics получены распределения температуры и термомеханических напряжений в элементах конструкции МЭМ в зависимости от греющей мощности, толщины адгезива и размера модельного дефекта контактного соединения одного из кристаллов МЭМ с медной пластиной в виде пустот в слое адгезива. Показано, что пустоты в слое адгезива приводят к резко неоднородному распределению температуры по площади кристалла и термомеханическим напряжениям сдвига в контактном слое, превышающим предельно допустимые значения для адгезива. Установлено, что термомеханические напряжения уменьшаются с увеличением толщины слоя адгезива и возрастают с увеличением размера дефекта (пустот) в этом слое. Результаты моделирования хорошо согласуются с результатами измерения теплового импеданса кристаллов мощных транзисторов модуляционным методом, что говорит о корректности и адекватности разработанной модели.
Key Features of Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
Authors:   Московский технический университет связи и информатики, Бурлаков Евгений В. , Коробов Александр В. ,   Московский технический университет связи и информатики
Published: April 2024

В работе рассмотрены ключевые особенности протоколов квантового распределения ключей на непрерывных переменных. Обоснована мотивация изучения и разработки методов квантовой криптографии. Выделены основные моменты, присущие протоколам на непрерывных переменных, и проведена их классификация по различным признакам, особенностям и вариантам реализации. Подробно рассмотрен пример протокола с дискретной модуляцией и регистрацией сигнала по средствам балансного гомодинного детектирования. Приведена классификация атак на квантовый протокол. Дана общая характеристика методам постобработки. Обозначена роль шумов, и рассмотрены подходы к оценке уровня секретности, которые применимы для протоколов на непрерывных переменных. В заключении приведены основные выводы касательно текущего статуса данной проблемы, а также определены аспекты, которые требуют дальнейшего изучения.
One Approach for Group Navigation of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles
Authors:   Институт автоматики и процессов управления ДВО РАН, Щербатюк Александр Ф. , Матвиенко Юрий В. ,   Институт проблем морских технологий им. акад. М.Д. Агеева ДВО РАН, Кузькин Венедикт М. ,   Институт общей физики им. А.М. Прохорова РАН, Переселков Сергей А. ,   Воронежский государственный университет, Грачев Владимир И. ,   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН
Published: April 2024

Изложен один из методов навигационного обеспечения группы автономных необитаемых подводных аппаратов, выполняющих общую миссию в мелководной акватории, в состав которой входит подводный аппарат лидер с высокоточными средствами навигации. Работа всех аппаратов синхронизирована и предполагает информационное взаимодействие между ними. Определение координат каждого аппарата строится на основе измерения дальностей между ними и аппаратом лидером. Рассмотрен алгоритм оценивания местоположения отдельных аппаратов. Приведены результаты численного моделирования, подтверждающие работоспособность и требуемую точность рассмотренного алгоритма.
Acoustic boundary layer of a solid absolutely thermally conductive surface
Authors:   СПб государственный морской технический университет, Легуша Федор Ф. , Кузькин Венедикт М. ,   Институт общей физики им. А.М. Прохорова РАН, Разрезова Ксения В. ,   Звукоизоляционные Европейские Технологии, Переселков Сергей A. ,   Воронежский государственный университет
Published: April 2024

В работе представлены результаты анализа теоретических описаний формирования акустического пограничного слоя вблизи твёрдой абсолютно теплопроводной поверхности, полученных Г. Кирхгофом и Л.Д. Ландау. В обоих случаях акустический пограничный слой формируют неоднородные вязкие и тепловые волны в пристеночном слое жидкой среды, контактирующей с поверхностью твёрдого тела, от которой отражается плоская бегущая звуковая волна. На основании анализа можно сделать выводы: анализируемые решения задач являются физически обоснованными, независимыми и дополняющими друг друга. При формировании акустического пограничного слоя вязкие и тепловые волны возбуждаются синхронно парами. Внутри акустического пограничного слоя каждая пара неоднородных волн распространяется навстречу друг другу. Неоднородные волны зарождаются на параллельных поверхностях, ограничивающих объём акустического пограничного слоя. Проведён анализ процесса трансформации тепловых волн в дополнительные одномерные неоднородные волны, появление которых в пограничном слое предсказано Г. Кирхгофом. Показано, что при взаимодействии с поверхностью тела бегущей звуковой волны в звуковом диапазоне частот эти волны не влияют на процесс формирования пограничного слоя. Уточнены выражения, позволяющие провести численную оценку плотности мощности тепловыделения в пограничном слое. Получена формула, позволяющая определить долю энергии звуковой волны, которая поглощается в акустическом пограничном слое. На практике полученные в статье результаты могут быть использованы, например, в аэроакустике для оценки диссипативных свойств поверхностей твёрдых тел.
Radio coverage of the coastal marine zone with the use of a wireless broadband optical channel for the organization of intensive navigation
Authors:   Севастопольский государственный университет, Афонин Игорь Л. , Головин Владислав В. ,   Севастопольский государственный университет, Ткаченко Михаил О. ,   Севастопольский государственный университет, Тыщук Юрий Н. ,   Севастопольский государственный университет, Поляков Александр Л. ,   Севастопольский государственный университет, Слезкин Геннадий В. ,   Севастопольский государственный университет
Published: April 2024

В статье представлена модель беспроводного широкополосного оптического канала, предназначенного для связи между береговой подсистемой и воздушным ретранслятором, обеспечивающим покрытие прибрежной морской акватории для организации интенсивного судоходства, в том числе с применением безэкипажных судов. Показано, что прямая передача данных берег-судно с применением технологий Wi-Fi и 4G/LTE имеет ряд недостатков для бухт со сложным береговым рельефом. Применение беспроводного оптического канала в формате "точка-точка" между береговой подсистемой и воздушным ретранслятором позволяет обеспечить качественное радиопокрытие морской поверхности и предоставлять информационно емкие каналы судовым системам. Представлены результаты моделирования беспроводного оптического канала, реализованного с применением технологии FSO (Free Space Optic). Для повышения эффективности использования спектра передаваемого потока данных и помехозащищенности беспроводного канала применены 16QAM и OFDM.
Inner Wealth: Predicting Lower Levels of Depression and Anxiety Severity
Authors: Kalkbrenner Michael T. , Vernace Adrianna L. , Glasser Howard N.
Published: April 2024

Anxiety and depression are the two most prevalent mental health issues among adults living in the United States. Consistent with the wellness, prevention, and development pillars of the counseling field, inner wealth (IW) is a strengths-based construct centered on empowering clients to realize their inherent value and potential as people. We investigated the capacity of IW for predicting lower levels of depression and anxiety severity with a national sample (N = 793) of adults in the United States. We also examined demographic differences in IW among U.S. adults. Results revealed support for the capacity of IW for predicting substantially lower anxiety and depression scores. In addition, significant demographic differences in IW emerged by gender and help-seeking history. Results are discussed in terms of the potential utility of IW for edifying the practice of mental health counselors, particularly when working with adults in the United States who are living with anxiety and/or depression.
Testing for Measurement Invariance of the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms–34 Scores With a University Sample
Authors: Smith Heather L. , Sherman Martin F. , Sriken Julie , Erford Bradley T. , Kipper-Smith Adriana , Niarhos Frances
Published: April 2024

This study expanded previous psychometric analyses to include gender and race using measurement invariance with the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms (CCAPS-34) on a large sample (n = 4,013) of students referred to a university counseling center. Internal consistency was demonstrated for all subscales with all αs and ωs ≥ .80. The seven-factor model provided a good to excellent fit for all participant subgroup responses. The total sample comparative fit index was .948, the root-mean-square error of approximation was .058 [.057, .059], and the standardized root-mean-square residual was .048. Full measurement invariance was documented across all gender and racial/ethnic identity comparisons (i.e., White, Black, Asian/Pacific Islander, multiracial, Latino/a/x, non-Latino/a/x). The study concluded that CCAPS-34 subscales scores can be used with confidence with college-aged students of diverse backgrounds for screening and outcome assessment purposes.
Formation and Positioning of New Legal Institutions in Financial Law: а Study on Their Characteristics
Authors: Karaseva Marina V.
Published: April 2024

This article examines the formation and positioning of new and already-established financial and legal institutions. Emphasis is placed on the importance of establishing common financial and legal institutions. The article argues that there is currently an active process of shaping common financial and legal institutions, as exemplified by the emergence of the “emission law” and “offset and refund of fiscal payments” institutions. The institution of offset and refund of fiscal payments is modeled after the institution of “public financial control” and includes a complex set of financial and legal rules governing various types of financial relationships, unified by overarching characteristics. Furthermore, this article posits that the financial and legal institution of mandatory audits, which has gained prominence in the field of financial law in the 21st century, should be categorized not within the general but within the specialized field of financial law. It is argued that the formation of financial law institutions within the general framework follows the same pattern as the institution of “public financial control”.
Akşam Namazının Farzından Önceki Nâfile Namazla İlgili Rivayetlerin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Şahin Hacer
Published: April 2024

İslâm dininin en önemli ibadetlerinden biri namazdır. Müslümanlar farz namazların yanı sıra bazen bu namazların öncesinde ve sonrasında bazen de belirlenmiş özel vakitlerde nâfile namaz kılmaktadırlar. Fakat kılınan nâfile namazların hükmü hakkında bir icmâ bulunmayıp aksine bazı ihtilaflar mevcuttur. Bahsi geçen ihtilaf akşam namazının farzı eda edilmeden önceki nâfile namazın varlığı hususunda da mevcuttur. Zira kaynakların bir kısmında Hz. Peygamber’in bu namazın kılınmasını emrettiği, sahâbenin de akşam namazının farzından önce sözü edilen namazı kıldığı nakledilirken bir kısmında da hiç kimsenin bu namazı kılmadığı zikredilmiştir. Ayrıca konu ile ilgili rivayetlerden yola çıkarak bazı âlimler bu namazı müstehap görmüş, diğer bir kısmı ise bid‘at hükmü vererek böyle bir namazın varlığını kabul etmemiştir. Makalenin amacı rivayetlerdeki ve âlimler arasındaki ihtilafın nedenini ortaya koyup konuyu açıklığa kavuşturmaktır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, âlimlerin kullandığı rivayetlerin sened ve metin tenkidi yapılacak ve bunlardan hangisinin delâletinin kuvvetli olduğu tespit edilerek konu edilen namaz hakkında bir hüküm verilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Klasik Fıkıh Kaynaklarında Yetişkin Erkek ile Emred Arasındaki Mahremiyet İlişkisi
Authors: Yerlikaya Ünal , Sabun Meral
Published: April 2024

Henüz ergenlik çağına gelmemiş güzel yüzlü erkek çocuk anlamına gelen emred, özellikle tâbiîn döneminden itibaren fıkıh literatürüne konu olmuş ve bu çerçevede emred ile yetişkin erkek arasındaki mahremiyet sınırlarını düzenleyen bir dizi güvenlik tedbirleri geliştirilmiş, bu hususta bazı hükümler vaz edilmiştir. Emred ile yetişkin erkek arasındaki mahremiyet ilişkisi Hz. Peygamber ve sahabe döneminde gündeme gelmezken tabiîn dönemine gelindiğinde, toplumdaki ahlaki yapının zayıflamaya başlamasıyla birlikte emredle ilişkiler fakihlerin gündemine girmiştir. Hatta bazı fakihler mahremiyet açışından emredin durumunun kadından daha riskli olduğunu düşünmüşlerdir. Zira dönemin İslam toplumu kadın ve erkek ilişkileri bağlamında sıkı kurallara tâbidir. Emred kadına benzemektedir ve ulaşılamayan kadın yerine konumlandırılmaktadır. Kadın erkek ilişkilerinde olası sapmaların önüne geçmek kolayken, emredin erkek olması hasebiyle, emredle ilişkilerde aynı durum söz konusu değildir. Ayrıca bu konuyu fakihlerin gündemine dahil eden amil, emredle gayri meşru yakınlaşmanın toplumda yaygınlaşmaya başlayarak, toplumsal yapıyı tehdit eden bir boyuta ulaşmasının önünü almaktır.
Gait analysis characteristic features in children with spastic hemiplegia
Authors: Mamedov U. F. , Dolganova T. I. , Gatamov O. I. , Popkov D. A.
Published: April 2024

Introduction There are not enough published studies on the impact of early isolated triceps lengthening operations in hemiparesis on the state of motor characteristics and on the development of orthopedic complications in children with GMFCS II.

Purpose Analyze motor locomotion in children with spastic hemiplegia who had not previously been operated on and those who had undergone isolated surgical lengthening of the triceps at an early age.

Material and methods Four groups of children with spastic hemiplegia according to Rodda et Graham types: I) type 2a gait (4 children), II) type 3 (3 children), III) type 4 (7 children), IV) type 4 with previous triceps lengthening (9 children).

Results The features revealed in gait types 2a, 3 and 4 in the sagittal plane correspond to the characteristic and  previously described features. In all groups, asymmetric rotational movements of the pelvis and tilt asymmetry in the frontal plane were observed. In the group of early isolated tricep lengthening, a decrease in  the  moment of  force by pushing with the foot at the end of the single-support phase was revealed, in combination with an increase in the moment of forces of knee joint extension in the single-support phase.

Discussion Early isolated triceps lengthening that weakens its function leads to a compensatory increase in the work of the knee extensors which is similar to the mechanism to of iatrogenic crouch gait, but does not result in a complete loss of walking function in the conditions of a contralateral healthy limb.

Conclusions Movement pathology is present in all three measurement planes in gait types 2a, 3, 4 according to the Rodda et Graham classification. The most pronounced deviations were found in gait type 3. The rotational turn of the pelvis is an initially compensatory mechanism due to intratorsion femur deformity. Isolated triceps lengthening surgeries performed at an early age lead to reduced plantar push strength, increased compensatory work of the knee extensors, and probably do not prevent the orthopedic pathology found in Rodda et Graham's gait type 4.
Ghrelin inhibits autophagy mediated by AKT/mTOR pathway to ameliorate retinal angiogenesis induced by high glucose stress
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Gongshu District People’s Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou 310004, Zhejiang Province, China, Fan Jiang-Li , Zhang Min ,   Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710077, Shaanxi Province, China, Chen Chao ,   Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710077, Shaanxi Province, China, Yao Guo-Min ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710077, Shaanxi Province, China, Zhou Ling-Xiao ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710077, Shaanxi Province, China
Published: April 2024

AIM: To observe the effect of ghrelin, a growth hormone-releasing peptide, on retinal angiogenesis in vitro under high glucose (HG) stress and to explore the possible mechanism of autophagy.
METHODS: Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were treated with high concentration of glucose alone or in combination with ghrelin. The cell migration, tube formation and the expression of the autophagy-related proteins LC3-II/I, Beclin-1, p62, phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT)/AKT and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR)/mTOR were detected. Then, to clarify the correlation between ghrelin effect and autophagy, AKT inhibitor VIII was adopted to treat HRMECs, and cell migration, tube formation as well as the protein expressions of LC3-II/I, Beclin-1 and p62 were observed.
RESULTS: Under HG stress, ghrelin inhibited migration and tube formation of HRMECs. Ghrelin inhibited the increases in the protein levels of LC3-II/I, Beclin-1 and the decreases in the protein levels of p62, p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR induced by HG stress. Moreover, under the action of AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors, the effects of ghrelin on migration and tube formation were both reduced. In addition, the expression of LC3-II/I and Beclin-1 were significantly up-regulated and the expression of p62 was down-regulated.
CONCLUSION: Retinal angiogenesis under in vitro HG stress can be inhibited by ghrelin through activating AKT/mTOR pathway to inhibit autophagy.
Repeatability, interocular correlation and agreement of optic nerve head vessel density in healthy eyes: a swept-source optical coherence tomographic angiography study
Authors:   Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University & the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China, Fang Dan-Qi , Mai Xiao-Ting ,   Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University & the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China, Cheung Carol Y ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China, Chen Hao-Yu ,   Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University & the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
Published: April 2024

AIM: To assess the repeatability, interocular correlation, and agreement of quantitative swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) optic nerve head (ONH) parameters in healthy subjects.
METHODS: Thirty-three healthy subjects were enrolled. The ONH of both eyes were imaged four times by a swept-source-OCTA using a 3 mm ×3 mm scanning protocol. Images of the radial peripapillary capillary were analyzed by a customized Matlab program, and the vessel density, fractal dimension, and vessel diameter index were measured. The repeatability of the four scans was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The most well-centered optic disc from the four repeated scans was then selected for the interocular correlation and agreement analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient, ICC and Bland-Altman plots.
RESULTS: All swept-source-OCTA ONH parameters exhibited certain repeatability, with ICC>0.760 and coefficient of variation (CoV)≤7.301%. The obvious interocular correlation was observed for papillary vessel density (ICC=0.857), vessel diameter index (ICC=0.857) and fractal dimension (ICC=0.906), while circumpapillary vessel density exhibited moderate interocular correlation (ICC=0.687). Bland-Altman plots revealed an agreement range of -5.26% to 6.21% for circumpapillary vessel density.
CONCLUSION: OCTA ONH parameters demonstrate good repeatability in healthy subjects. The interocular correlations of papillary vessel density, fractal dimension and vessel diameter index are high, but the correlation for circumpapillary vessel density is moderate.
Effect of mitomycin C on the corneal endothelial cells of Saudi patients with myopia after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy: a two-armed cohort study
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia, Alrashidi Sultan H
Published: April 2024

AIM: To study the effect of mitomycin C (MMC) applied during transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TPRK) on the corneal endothelium one week (W1) and three months (M3) after surgery and its determinants.
METHODS: In this two-armed cohort study conducted in 2022, eyes treated with MMC during TPRK (group 1) were compared with eyes not treated with MMC (group 2). The corneal endothelial cell (EC) count, EC density (ECD; cells/mm2), average (μm2), standard deviation (μm2), coefficient of variation (CV%), ECmax, ECmin, and EC percentage of hexagonality were estimated at W1 and M3. The postoperative changes in the EC count in the two groups were compared and correlated with the other independent variables.
RESULTS: Group 1 had 26 eyes, and group 2 had 78 eyes. All TPRK indices were significantly higher for the eyes in group 1 than for those in group 2. The MMC usage was not a significant predictor of the change in ECD (P=0.644), change in CV (P=0.374), and change in the percentage of hexagonality of EC (P=0.164) at W1. However, the use of MMC was a significant predictor of changes in CV (P=0.014) and the change in the percentage of hexagonality of EC (P=0.039) at M3. The duration of laser exposure and the size of the optical zone influenced the correlation of MMC use with the changes in EC indices, postoperatively.
CONCLUSION: The use of MMC doesn’t affect ECD, CV, and percentage of hexagonality at W1 if other surgical indices are considered. At M3 after operating myopic eyes by TPRK, MMC significantly influence the CV and percentage of hexagonality. The duration of the laser application and the size of the optical zone should be considered when determining the effect of MMC on the EC indices.
Mechanism of selective laser trabeculoplasty: a systemic review
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China, Chen Yu-Feng
Published: April 2024

Although selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is a recognized method for the treatment of glaucoma, the exact changes in the target tissue and mechanism for its intraocular pressure lowing effect are still unclear. The purpose of this review is to summarize the potential mechanisms of SLT on trabecular meshwork both in vivo and in vitro, so as to reveal the potential mechanism of SLT. SLT may induce immune or inflammatory response in trabecular meshwork (TM) induced by possible oxidative damage etc, and remodel extracellular matrix. It may also induce monocytes to aggregate in TM tissue, increase Schlemm’s canal (SC) cell conductivity, disintegrate cell junction and promote permeability through autocrine and paracrine forms. This provides a theoretical basis for SLT treatment in glaucoma.
Model of decomposition of the native absorption spectrum of Porphyridium purpureum culture
Authors: Chernyshev D. N. , Klochkova V. S. , Lelekov A. S.
Published: April 2024

A model of the native absorption spectrum of the red seaweed Porphyridium purpureum culture was developed in this work. The mathematical model of each pigment is the sum of Gaussian curves. To level the light scattering, the spectra of the culture were recorded on a spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere. To verify the model, a series of parallel measurements of photosynthetic pigment concentrations using standard biochemical methods and the Gaussian curve method were performed. It was shown that the proposed model with sufficient accuracy makes it possible to determine the concentration of the main photosynthetic pigments of Porphyridium purpureum culture without interfering with its growth processes.
In memory of Vladimir Ivanovich Astafyev (30.11.1948 – 08.02.2024)
Authors: Stepanova L. V. , Osipov M. N. , Fedina M. E. , Voropaeva N. V. , Krutov A. N. , Bondarenko V. V.
Published: April 2024

The article is dedicated to the memory of Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor Vladimir Ivanovich Astafiev, whose professional activity for more than 35 years has been associated with Samara University. Scientific, teaching and organizational activities of V.I. Astafiev largely determined and will determine the scientific directions developed at the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, and the educational activity at the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics. His boundless dedication to the university, his broad and deep education, and high mathematical culture allowed him to educate the whole pleiades of scientists and professors currently working at the university.
Girişimci Olma Kararının Arkasındaki Faktörler Arası Etkileşimin DEMATEL Yöntemi ile Analizi
Authors: Şenyuva Zuhal
Published: April 2024

Girişimci olmak bireysel bir seçim olduğundan bir karar verme sürecinin çıktısı olarak ele alınabilir. Karar verme sürecinde bireyi etkileyen faktörlerin neler olduğu ilgili yazında ‘girişimci olunur mu – girişimci doğulur mu?’ ikilemi içinde dile getirilmektedir. Oysa girişimci olmak sadece biri ya da diğeri değildir; çok boyutlu bir kavramsal açıklama gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışmada iki ucu da bir araya getirecek biçimde, planlı eylem kuramına dayanan ve kurama duygu bileşenini de katarak genişleten bir model esas alınmıştır. Modelin kapsadığı 12 karar kriterinin birbirinden kopuk olmadığı ve aralarında etkileşim bulunduğu iddia edilmektedir. Bu etkileşimin yapısını ortaya çıkarmak üzere DEMATEL (The Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory Method) yöntemi kullanılarak halihazırda bir girişim faaliyeti başlatmış olan kişilerden toplanan verilerle analiz yapılmıştır. Analizin bulguları sosyal normların etkileme gücünün yüksek olduğu ve özellikle özgüven ve yenilikçilik kriterlerinin diğer kriterler ile yoğun ilişkide olması nedeniyle ağırlık kazandığı karmaşık bir etkileşim yapısını göstermiştir.
Market Orientation’s Effect on Customer Value, Trust, Satisfaction, and EWOM when using the MRT
Authors: Dwi Yulianti Ramahdhani , Tuti Meylani
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to ascertain how market orientation affects customer value, trust, contentment, and word-of-mouth when using mass transit. MRT users comprised the study's demographic. Passengers who had taken the MRT more than twice were given a sample of 224 individuals by purposeful sampling. With the usage of smartPLS software, structural equation modeling, or SEM, is the analytical technique employed. According to the study's findings, market orientation significantly affects customer value, trust, contentment, and word-of-mouth when utilizing the MRT, both directly and indirectly. Effective marketing tactics and market orientation can enhance customer value perception, trust, and user pleasure. Relevant stakeholders and business practitioners can better grasp how maximizing market orientation fosters positive interactions with MRT users thanks to the research's findings. These findings' practical applications can aid in the creation of more potent marketing campaigns and enhance the general MRT user experience.
THE CLIENT’S RIGHT TO UNSUBSTANTIATED CANCELLATION OF A CONTRACTOR AGREEMENT AND THE MECHANISM OF RECOVERY OF CONTRACTOR’S LOSSES
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), PhD (Law), Vorobyeva Olga V.
Published: April 2024

Disputes related to construction contract traditionally constitute a significant part of the cases considered by commercial courts. According to the Judicial Department of the Supreme court of the Russian Federation, the number of disputes from a construction contract (in particular, disputes arising from improper performance of obligations) in commercial courts significantly exceeds other categories of cases from other types of contracts in terms of the size of claims. It seems that there are several reasons for this circumstance. Firstly, to date more than 20 years have passed since the adoption of the only review of the practice of resolving disputes under a construction contract (Information Letter of the Supreme Commercial Court of the Russian Federation dated January 24, 2000 No. 51) Secondly, today there is not enough systemic clarification on a number of fundamental issues of the performance of the contract (for example, the possibility of changing the fixed contract price by agreement of the parties, increasing the term of the government contracts, etc.) In this regard, contractual regulation of construction projects is not only relevant, but also a difficult area of legal practice.
THE CONCEPT AND LEGAL NATURE OF MINING
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Civil and Corporate Law of the Saint Petersburg State Economic University, Lababueva Olga S.
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the concept and legal nature of mining. On the basis of the legislative regulation of mining in different countries, primarily the CIS member states, the main regulatory models for the legal regulation of mining have been identified. So, according to the analysis of legislative models and the analysis of domestic sources of literature, according to the author, they are divided into groups, most of which are the qualification of mining as an entrepreneurial activity. The article substantiates the view of mining as an entrepreneurial activity and proposes its author’s definition.
TECHNIQUES OF USING THE PROCEDURE SET OUT IN ART. 39.18 OF THE LAND CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR UNJUSTIFIED ENRICHMENT PURPOSES: A DESCRIPTION, GROUNDS, ERADICATION MEANS
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Civil, Criminal and Legal Disciplines of the Institute of History and Law of the Katanov Khakass State University, Sukalo Vitaly A.
Published: April 2024

The author analyzes widespread schemes of using the procedure for granting land plots without bidding, provided for in Article 39.18 of the Land Code of Russian Federation for the purpose of illegal enrichment, the reasons for their appearance and existence, ways to combat them. The method of their eradication is proposed by changing the norms of law and introducing the institution of the register of unscrupulous applicants.
Funeral Ceremonies in the Legal Policy of Peter the Great: Organizational and Ideological Aspects
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of History of State and Law of the Ural State Law University Named after V.F. Yakovlev, LL.D., Associate Professor, Sokolova Elena S.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the author’s view of the problem of expansion of the research space of the historical and legal science through review of political and legal problems associated with identification of the nature and essence of the Russian absolutism.
Adjudicating Joint Property Dispute in Islamic Jurisprudence: Balancing The Best Interests of The Child With A Focus on Residency
Authors: Budi Kukuh Pramono , Anand Ghansham , Septiningrum Shintya Yulfa , Rahmat Nur Ezan , Nugraha Xavier
Published: April 2024

Children hold a very important role in the development of a country. However, children are generally vulnerable; hence, protecting and ensuring children's rights must be a priority. One example of a condition where children’s rights are put at risk is when a child's residence becomes the object of a joint property lawsuit. In this case, the principle of the best interests of the child needs to be the main consideration in all matters of decision. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the best interests of the child principle in Islamic law and analyze the formulation of the judge's decision regarding the position of the child's residence, which is the object of a joint property lawsuit. This research is normative legal research, using primary and secondary legal materials. The result of this research shows that the principle of the best interests of the child initiated at the Convention on the Rights of the Child has become an important consideration in various laws and regulations in Indonesia, including the Compilation of Islamic Law to the Supreme Court Circular Letter (Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung, SEMA). As an important principle to be applied in the joint property lawsuit, this study provides three views of the judge's decision formulation, namely: 1) The lawsuit is admissible as there is no explicit norm; 2) It is inadmissible as it is waiting for the child to enter adult age; and 3) It is admissible; however, the distribution is postponed till the child enters adult age. Through this study, the author agreed that the lawsuit is admissible by postponing the distribution until the child reaches adulthood. However, there needs to be some refinement regarding the position of SEMA and the clarity of adult age.
Empirical Analysis of Legal Regulations on Family Violence During Wartime in Ukraine: A Comprehensive Examination
Authors: Buriak Kateryna , Prytula Anatolii , Chorna Maryna , Pyshna Alla , Dolhov Anton
Published: April 2024

This article focuses on examining family violence within the context of wartime conditions in Ukraine and proposes a criminological model for preventing such criminal offenses. The study reveals a significant surge in registered criminal offenses featuring domestic violence amidst the full-scale unprovoked invasion of Russia into Ukraine. Over a ten-month period in 2023, cases have risen by nearly 50% compared to the same period in 2022, with an average monthly increase of 27 recorded criminal offenses in 2023 compared to 2021. The heightened levels of stress, displacement of families, and the return of traumatized combatants contribute to an increase in domestic violence during and after war. This exacerbates incidents of physical, psychological, and sexual violence within households. The article addresses a critical scientific issue by advancing knowledge on family violence through a praxeological approach, aiming to identify solutions for fundamental and applied issues related to family protection in Ukraine. The study establishes that the Russian-Ukrainian war has elevated the frequency and severity of criminal offenses and instances of violence within the family sphere, necessitating a paradigm shift in the state's criminal-legal response to domestic violence perpetuated by offenders. The article systematically organizes achievements in countering and preventing family violence, synthesizes law enforcement and public practices in Ukraine and globally, and justifies directions for differentiating and individualizing punishment for perpetrators of family violence.