bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O mercado internacional do petróleo e o pré-sal brasileiro
Authors: Silveira Souza Leonardo
Published: August 2021

O artigo analisa a inserção da produção de petróleo do Pré-sal brasileiro no mercado internacional do petróleo. Para isto, analisamos os fatores de oferta e demanda de petróleo no mercado internacional, a partir da disputa pelo controle da oferta de petróleo e seus derivados, entre como companhias nacionais do petróleo, de controle estatal e como companhias internacionais de petróleo, controlados por entes privados. Por outro lado, analisamos os dezmaiores países de consumidores petróleo e a transição em curso do fornecimento de petróleo no mercado internacional, passando dos reservatórios convencionais para os não convencionais. Uma análise contou com uma revisãobibliográfica, somada aos dados secundários extraídos das publicações de instituições nacionais e internacionais e, dos relatórios das principais companhia de petróleo do mundo. As perspectivas naexpansão da produção de petróleo no Pré-sal brasileiro, juntamente com a continuidade da importância do petróleo, tanto para uma matriz energética mundial, quanto para o uso intensivo na petroquímica e refino, manterão a pressão e política econômica dos grandes importadores e de suas sociedades petrolíferas sobre o Brasil, a Petrobras e as reservas apresentam no Pré-sal brasileiro.
Knowledge of war carl von clausewitz’s thinking in Brazil (1))0-201))
Authors: Franchi Tassio , Teixeira Moita Sandro
Published: August 2021

Carl von Clausewitz (1780-1831) is recognized as one of the greatest theorists of war in the Western world. This study investigated how his thinking was used in Brazil, from 1990 to 2019. Our hypothesis is that production increased in the period due to the transformation and expansion of Defense apparatus in the country, which encouraged debate on Strategy and consequently lead to more studies on Clausewitz. The research was limited to production in the form of articles and book chapters, due to the greater circulation of these means of dissemination in comparison to theses, dissertations or monographs. Platforms such as Scopus, Capes Journal Portal, Google Scholar and academic journal sites were investigated to carry out the research. Results showed where and for what purpose Clausewitz’s thinking has been used in Brazil.
EM DESTAQUE: A NOVA GESTÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Strasburg Quênia Renee , Corsetti Berenice
Published: August 2021

Neste artigo abordamos a gestão escolar, que é mobilizada como fundante para a qualidade da educação. Cotejando documentos do Banco Mundial (BM) e reportagens das Revistas Nova Escola e Gestão Escolar 2008-2017 analisamos a articulação de discursos convergentes. O Ciclo de Políticas (Ball e Bowe, 1992) serve como modelo teórico-metodológico que sustenta a análise de políticas como discurso. As revistas compõem uma amostra de como ocorre a receptividade e aceitação as ideias e conceitos de cunho neoliberal e gerencialista na educação.
Apresentação
Authors: Dutra e Silva Sandro , Silva Iransé Oliveira , Pereira Natasha Sophie , Ganga-Contreras Francisco Anibal
Published: August 2021

Apresentação
Avanço das Monoculturas e Desmatamento no Oeste Catarinense: Mapeamento das Alterações no Uso da Terra em Xanxerê com o Uso da História Digital (1979-2018)
Authors: Silva Claiton Marcio da , Moretto Samira Peruchi , Benetti Tiago João
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal discutir fatores históricos que relacionam o avanço das monoculturas e a diminuição de áreas de floresta na região de Xanxerê, estado de Santa Catarina, entre 1979 e 2018. Assim, apresentaremos, inicialmente, a história do expansionismo agrário brasileiro, com ênfase no desenvolvimento do sul do Brasil e, consequentemente, no oeste catarinense. Nesse sentido, abordaremos a região do Município de Xanxerê a partir da bibliografia existente, assim como agregaremos informações obtidas em um dos relatórios do Incra, além de dados provenientes de instituições como o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), a Associação de Crédito e a Assistência Rural de Santa Catarina (ACARESC) e a Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA). Também avaliaremos a utilização de novas tecnologias que auxiliam no mapeamento do expansionismo agrário ao traçarmos o cenário da gradativa expansão do tamanho das lavouras e, por consequência, sua influência sobre a alteração da paisagem local.
Percepción del Cuidado del Agua de Estudiantes Secundarios Chilenos. La Construcción de un Nuevo Mundo está en la Juventud
Authors: Véliz Burgos Alex , Estay Sepúlveda Juan Guillermo , Bravo Villa Ninosca , Mansilla Sepúlveda Juan , Barrientos-Báez Almudena , Moreno Leiva German Mauricio , Monteverde Sánchez Alessandro
Published: August 2021

El presente estudio buscó conocer la percepción de estudiantes secundarios de Chile respecto al significado del cuidado del agua. 1Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo, que consistió en una aplicación on line de una encuesta a 120 estudiantes (65% mujeres, una media de edad de 15,8 años, dt=1,64 años). Un 78,9% de las y los estudiantes consideran que el agua es un recurso que debe ser cuidado. Un 68,6% considera que el ahorro del agua es importante, Un 44,3% de los participantes señala que ha recibido orientación respecto a cómo cuidar el recurso. Un 31,6% señala que ahora agua porque no dispone el recurso como agua potable. Los resultados muestran que se debe generar mayor educación respecto al cuidado del agua, por un lado. Resulta preocupante que un porcentaje importante no tenga acceso a agua potable.
DBX2 Promotes Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation by Regulating REST
Expression
Authors: He Ruixing , Zhang Xiaotian , Ding Lianshu
Published: August 2021

Background:

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common but lethal brain cancer with poor prognosis. The developing brain homeobox 2 (DBX2) has been reported to play important roles in tumor growth. However, the mechanisms of DBX2 in GBM are still unknown.

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the function and mechanisms of DBX2 in GBM.

Methods:

The expressions of DBX2 and REST in GBM were measured by analyzing data from databases, and the results were checked by qPCR and/or western blot of GBM cell lines. Cell proliferation was determined by CCK8 assay, immunohistochemistry and colony formation assay. ChIP-qPCR was used to determine the binding sites of DBX2 on REST.

Results:

In this study, we found that the expression of DBX2 was upregulated in the GBM cell lines. The cell proliferation was damaged after blocking DBX2 expression in U87 and U251 GBM cell lines. The expression level of DBX2 had a positive relationship with that of REST. Our ChIP-qPCR results showed that DBX2 is directly bound to the promoter region of REST. Additionally, the increased GBM cell proliferation caused by DBX2 overexpression can be rescued by REST loss of function.

Conclusion:

DBX2 could promote cell proliferation of GBM by binding to the promoter region of REST gene and increasing REST expression.
Comparison of Exhaled Carbon Monoxide and Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependency in Non-Cigarette Nicotine Addicts
Authors: YALÇIN Bektaş , YALÇIN Esra , KARAHAN T.fikret
Published: August 2021

Introduction/Aim: Fagerstrom test for Nicotine Dependency (FNDT) is one of the most frequent tools used to assess the nicotine dependency in primary care. Today, apart from classical cigarette smoking many nicotine addicts may prefer other methods (e-cigarette, hookah, pipe, cigars, light cigarette users or directly tobacco users) to gather nicotine. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of FNDT in this non-classical nicotine addicts. Material and Methods: Among 550 volunteered patients who have administered to the OMU Family Medicine Departments smoking cessation clinic in 2019 have been divided into two groups (Study and control). The study group consisted of 62 (11.2%) nicotine addicts who don’t smoke cigarette (Non-classical) and 488 (88.8%) cigarette smoker (classical) nicotine addict. Both groups’ FNDT scores, their package year scores are calculated and their exhaled CO (E-CO) is measured. Then these results have been analyzed. Results: Among all of the subjects 388 were men (70.5%). The mean age of the participants was 39,31±12,84 years. Although there is no difference between the E-CO measurements between two groups (p>0,05), there was statistically difference between the mean scores of package/year and FNDT scores between the two groups (t=1.258, t=2.014, p<0.001 respectively). There was a strong correlation between FNDT (r=0,468) and package/year (r=0,362) with E-CO in control group (p<0,001) while there was no statistical significance between FNDT (r=0.114) and package/ year (r=0.098) in study group (p=0.06). There was a statistically significant relation between E-CO with FNDT and package/year was observed in cigarette smokers (Control Group) (F=35.305, p<0.001). Conclusion: Although FNDT is a very effective tool for assessing nicotine dependency for classical smokers, it may be not suited for all of the nicotine addicts. It may be useful to design and search new assessment methods for nicotine dependence in non-conventional smokers in primary care.
Covid-19 Pandemisinde Okul Çocuklarında (6-10 Yaş) Teknolojik Araç Kullanımının Belirlenmesi: İstanbul Örneği
Authors: KURU Nur Bahar , KOLCU Merve
Published: August 2021

Giriş: Covid-19 pandemisi ile birlikte çocukların uzun süreli evde kalması, formal eğitimin uzaktan yürütülmesi ve ebeveynlerin evden çalıştığı için internet ve teknolojik araçları daha fazla kullanması gibi nedenlerin, çocuklarda teknolojik araç kullanımını arttırdığı düşünülmektedir. Bu araştırma, covid-19 pandemisinde okul çocuklarında (6-10 yaş) teknolojik araç kullanımını belirlenmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu araştırma, Ocak 2021 tarihinde İstanbul’da 6-10 yaş çocuğu olan 330 ebeveyn ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler; anket formu ile Google Forms uygulaması üzerinden çevirim içi olarak toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS 25,0 paket programında sayı, yüzde ve ki-kare testleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çocukların % 52’sinin erkek, % 22,4’ünün 10 yaşında olduğu, % 13,1’inin pandemi sürecinde tablet edindiği ve % 44,4’ünün de pandemide teknolojik araçlarla 4-6 saat vakit geçirdiği saptanmıştır. Çocukların yaşı, ebeveynlerinin çalışma durumu, aile yapısı ile pandemi sonrası teknolojik araçlarla geçirilen süre arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu araştırmada, çocukların teknolojik araçlarla pandemi sürecinde daha çok vakit geçirdiği ve ebeveynlerinin tamamına yakının, pandemi sürecinde evde kalmanın teknolojik araç kullanımını arttırdığını düşündükleri belirlenmiştir. Covid-19 salgını ile ilgili yaşanan teknolojik araç kullanımının çocuklarda artması, yeni sağlıksız kullanım alışkanlıklarının gelişmesine neden olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle, pandemi sürecinde ve sonrasında topluma yönelik teknolojik araçların doğru ve etkin kullanılmasına yönelik programların yürütülmesi önerilmektedir.
Sophie Lewis: Full Surrogacy Now
Authors: Fritschy Tyna
Published: August 2021

Rezension von Sophie Lewis: Full Surrogacy Now. Feminism Against Family. London/New York: Verso 2019.
Hindrichs, Gunnar: Zur kritischen Theorie
Authors: Rittweiler Benedikt , Schmitt Jonas
Published: August 2021

Rezension von: Hindrichs, Gunnar: Zur kritischen Theorie. Berlin.: Suhrkamp 2020.
Automatic ICD-10 Coding and Training System: Deep Neural Network Based on Supervised Learning
Authors: Chen Pei-Fu , Wang Ssu-Ming , Liao Wei-Chih , Kuo Lu-Cheng , Chen Kuan-Chih , Lin Yu-Cheng , Yang Chi-Yu , Chiu Chi-Hao , Chang Shu-Chih , Lai Feipei
Published: August 2021

Background

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code is widely used as the reference in medical system and billing purposes. However, classifying diseases into ICD codes still mainly relies on humans reading a large amount of written material as the basis for coding. Coding is both laborious and time-consuming. Since the conversion of ICD-9 to ICD-10, the coding task became much more complicated, and deep learning– and natural language processing–related approaches have been studied to assist disease coders.

Objective

This paper aims at constructing a deep learning model for ICD-10 coding, where the model is meant to automatically determine the corresponding diagnosis and procedure codes based solely on free-text medical notes to improve accuracy and reduce human effort.

Methods

We used diagnosis records of the National Taiwan University Hospital as resources and apply natural language processing techniques, including global vectors, word to vectors, embeddings from language models, bidirectional encoder representations from transformers, and single head attention recurrent neural network, on the deep neural network architecture to implement ICD-10 auto-coding. Besides, we introduced the attention mechanism into the classification model to extract the keywords from diagnoses and visualize the coding reference for training freshmen in ICD-10. Sixty discharge notes were randomly selected to examine the change in the F1-score and the coding time by coders before and after using our model.

Results

In experiments on the medical data set of National Taiwan University Hospital, our prediction results revealed F1-scores of 0.715 and 0.618 for the ICD-10 Clinical Modification code and Procedure Coding System code, respectively, with a bidirectional encoder representations from transformers embedding approach in the Gated Recurrent Unit classification model. The well-trained models were applied on the ICD-10 web service for coding and training to ICD-10 users. With this service, coders can code with the F1-score significantly increased from a median of 0.832 to 0.922 (P<.05), but not in a reduced interval.

Conclusions

The proposed model significantly improved the F1-score but did not decrease the time consumed in coding by disease coders.
Certified Examination Assistants in the Age of Telemedicine: A Blueprint Through Neurology
Authors: Bragin Ilya , Cohen Dylan T
Published: August 2021

The optimal approach to a clinical physical examination via telemedicine is still being explored. The medical community has no standardized or widely followed criteria for telemedicine examinations, so a broad spectrum of approaches is used. Unfortunately, the need for telemedicine is outpacing physical examination validation research. Given that certain specialties have been using telemedicine longer than others, lessons from those specialties might aid in developing standardized protocols for telemedicine. Neurology has been at the forefront of telemedicine use, initially through stroke care and later in multiple subspecialties. We present a framework for optimizing the history taking and physical examination process via telemedicine based on our experience in neurology. This mainly includes remotely examining a patient unassisted or with an untrained assistant present on the patient side of the connection. We also discuss the need for trained, certified assistants to assist the off-site physician in history taking and physical examination. These certified assistants would be allied health professionals who perform high-quality cued patient examinations under direct physician supervision with no responsibility to diagnose or treat. This contrasts with the approach seen in advanced practice providers such as physician assistants and nurse practitioners who undergo years of training to diagnose and treat patients under supervision. This training process would serve as a stepping stone for the development of dedicated certification programs for neurology and other medical specialties; however, assessments of practical training, costs, implementation, and longitudinal quality are warranted.
Perceptions of Older Men Using a Mobile Health App to Monitor Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Tamsulosin Side Effects: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Wang Elizabeth Y , Breyer Benjamin N , Lee Austin W , Rios Natalie , Oni-Orisan Akinyemi , Steinman Michael A , Sim Ida , Kenfield Stacey A , Bauer Scott R
Published: August 2021

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) apps may provide an efficient way for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) to log and communicate symptoms and medication side effects with their clinicians.

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of older men with LUTS after using an mHealth app to track their symptoms and tamsulosin side effects.

Methods

Structured phone interviews were conducted after a 2-week study piloting the daily use of a mobile app to track the severity of patient-selected LUTS and tamsulosin side effects. Quantitative and qualitative data were considered.

Results

All 19 (100%) pilot study participants completed the poststudy interviews. Most of the men (n=13, 68%) reported that the daily questionnaires were the right length, with 32% (n=6) reporting that the questionnaires were too short. Men with more severe symptoms were less likely to report changes in perception of health or changes in self-management; 47% (n=9) of the men reported improved awareness of symptoms and 5% (n=1) adjusted fluid intake based on the questionnaire. All of the men were willing to share app data with their clinicians. Thematic analysis of qualitative data yielded eight themes: (1) orientation (setting up app, format, symptom selection, and side-effect selection), (2) triggers (routine or habit and symptom timing), (3) daily questionnaire (reporting symptoms, reporting side effects, and tailoring), (4) technology literacy, (5) perceptions (awareness, causation or relevance, data quality, convenience, usefulness, and other apps), (6) self-management, (7) clinician engagement (communication and efficiency), and (8) improvement (reference materials, flexibility, language, management recommendations, and optimize clinician engagement).

Conclusions

We assessed the perceptions of men using an mHealth app to monitor and improve management of LUTS and medication side effects. LUTS management may be further optimized by tailoring the mobile app experience to meet patients’ individual needs, such as tracking a greater number of symptoms and integrating the app with clinicians’ visits. mHealth apps are likely a scalable modality to monitor symptoms and improve care of older men with LUTS. Further study is required to determine the best ways to tailor the mobile app and to communicate data to clinicians or incorporate data into the electronical medical record meaningfully.
The Role of Self-Esteem and Perceived Parental Mediation in Cyberbullying
Authors: Reginasari Annisa , Afiatin Tina , Akhtar Hanif
Published: August 2021

When access to information on the internet is expected to support the growth to adulthood, cyberbullying is instead becoming a threat to adolescents' psychological well-being. Parental mediation and self-esteem are considered as protective factors to youngsters from online risk. The present study examines whether self-esteem mediates the relationship between perceived parental mediation and cyberbullying. The study participants were 351 senior high school social students in Yogyakarta who are media and internet users. The data were collected using the Cyberbullying Scale (Cronbach’ α = 0.784), Self-Esteem Scale (Cronbach’ α = 0.766), and Perceived Parental Mediation Scale (Cronbach’ α = 0.656). Analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that the proposed model was reached the goodness-of-fit ( = 53.711; df = 18; p = 0.001; RMSEA = 0.075; GFI= 0.964; CFI= 0.923). This study concluded that self-esteem partially mediated parental mediation and cyberbullying, with an indirect effect = -0.047 (p = 0.024; p<0.05). Self-esteem as the cognitive-personality factor and optimal parental mediation as environmental factors were considered to prevent adolescent cyberbullying. Therefore, we would recommend practitioners of educational, social, and clinical psychology to take the opportunity to involve self-esteem and parental mediation factors in intervention program design.
Emerging Adults’ Barriers, Consideration, and Intention to do Thalassemia Screening Test as Preventive Health Behavior
Authors: Larasati Yasmine Parawina , Menaldi Adhityawarman
Published: August 2021

The number of thalassemia patients in Indonesia is predicted to rise every year. This genetic disease could cause psychological impact and large expenses for patients, families, caretakers, and the government. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between perceived barriers (PB) and consideration of future consequences (CFC), and also their interaction with behavioral intention (BI) to undergo a thalassemia screening as part of preventive health behavior (PHB). Participants were 411 young adults, aged 18 to 25 years old (M = 20.47). The measurements used in the study were adapted versions of PHB Scale, the CFC-14 Scale, and BI Scale. Main results from PROCESS regression analysis showed, (1) a negative and significant influence from the PB to BI (b1 = -0.0089; p < 0.05), (2) CFC had insignificant influence toward BI (b2 = 0.0096; p > 0.05), (3) the interactions of PB and CFC had insignificant influence toward BI (b3 = -0.0005; p > 0.05). Self-efficacy, as controlled variable, had significant correlation with BI and became strong predictor toward the intention to enact PHB. This study concluded that barriers remain as dominant factor that determines someone's PHB. The more elaborate patient's knowledge, the more they see barriers as challenges, therefore the higher their efficacy to enact PHB.
O estado da arte do trabalho de campo no ensino de geografia e educação ambiental
Authors: Andrade de Jesus Lelis Diego , Saheb Pedroso Daniele , Gureski Rodrigues Daniela
Published: August 2021

RESUMO

Este artigo tem como objeto de estudo a prática do trabalho de campo no ensino de Geografia e Educação Ambiental nos anos finais do ensino fundamental. Para o seu desenvolvimento, amparou-se em uma pesquisa do tipo estado da arte, com o objetivo de mapear estudos que abordam a prática do trabalho de campo em Geografia e EA nos anos finais do ensino fundamental, a partir da produção brasileira extraída da Biblioteca Brasileira Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), desde o primeiro documento disponível na BDTD (1967) até 2019. Os principais resultados apontam a concentração das produções na Região Sudeste do país, bem como a distribuição temporal concentrada na última década. Evidencia-se que a prática do trabalho de campo aparece como metodologia favorável ao desenvolvimento de atividades que transformam o cotidiano escolar e possibilitam a vinculação entre teoria e prática. De igual maneira, destaca-se a possibilidade depromoção da Educação Ambiental nas aulas de Geografia e a inserção das novas tecnologias no ensino e aprendizagem.

Palavras-chave: Trabalho de campo. Geografia. Educação ambiental. Estado da arte.
Ensino médio e educação para as relações étnico-raciais em produções acadêmicas (2008-2018)
Authors: Coelho Wilma de Nazaré Baía , Silva Milena Farias e
Published: August 2021

RESUMO

O presente artigo fez uma análise, conforme Bardin (2016) e Ferreira (2002), das produções de artigos, dissertações e teses sobre a educação das relações étnico-raciais (Erer) e o ensino médio no período de 2008-2018, objetivando mapear essas produções por região, verificar a incidência desses estudos na sala de aula e observar os silenciamentos de temas e agentes na empiria. Como aporte teórico recorremos a Pierre Bourdieu (2012), Roger Chartier (1988), Wilma Coelho (2005; 2018) e Acácia Kuenzer (2010). Inferimos que os estudos concentram suas pesquisas nas salas de aula e nas práticas dos professores e que há escassa investigação sobre os indígenas no ambiente escolar.

Palavras-chave: Ensino médio. Relações étnico-raciais. Lei N o 11.645/2008.
Currículo e educação em Direitos Humanos: desafios e possibilidades
Authors: De Oliveira José Luís , Oliveira Eva Aparecida , Abreu Emily de Oliveira
Published: August 2021

RESUMO

Este artigo discute a política educacional brasileira diante dos desafios da contemporaneidade, para a efetivação de um modelo de educação que respeite a diversidade e a dignidade humana. Para tal, aborda a emergência da Educação em Direitos Humanos no processo de formação cidadã e no fortalecimento da democracia, ao problematizar sua relação com o currículo. O estudo discute o currículo, enquanto relação de poder, e enfatiza seu papel formativo, capaz de afetar a identidade dos estudantes, o que incide sobre suas ações e decisões. A questão da Educação em Direitos Humanos, que já era apontada como importante desde a Declaração dos Direitos Humanos em 1948, ganhou mais relevância na comunidade internacional com a promoção da Década da Educação em Direitos Humanos — ocorrida entre 1995 e 2004. Em sintonia com o cenário internacional, o governo brasileiro criou, em 2003, o Comitê Nacional de Educação em Direitos Humanos, com a atribuição de elaborar e monitorar o Plano Nacional de Educação em Direitos Humanos (PNEDH), que após ser objeto de vários debates e modificações ao longo dos anos, chega à sua versão definitiva em 2007. Tais avanços são indícios daquilo que o Brasil vem construindo na defesa de uma sociedade mais democrática, justa e solidária.

Palavras-chave: Educação em Direitos Humanos. Currículo. Plano Nacional de educação em Direitos Humanos. Diretrizes Nacionais para a educação em Direitos Humanos.
Educação e direitos humanos na escola
Authors: Ramos Luzilete , Cesar Vitória Fagundes Mauricio , Asinelli-Luz Araci
Published: August 2021

RESUMO

Este artigo objetiva trazer um breve apanhado histórico das motivações que resultaram na Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos e, consequentemente, em ações que desencadearam a construção de uma Educação em Direitos Humanos (EDH) no Brasil, com ênfase em sua implementação na Rede Municipal de Ensino de Curitiba. À luz de Paulo Freire, o texto se desenvolve a partir de análise de documentos oficiais e propõe reflexão sobre esse processo formativo, educativo e dialógico no espaço escolar. Percebe-se que, apesar da sanção de leis com propósito de reparação histórica de violações aos direitos, a Educação em Direitos Humanos ainda não se consolidou. Esta, como processo sistemático, transversal e multidimensional atrelado ao cotidiano, está em constante transformação para se ajustar às demandas contextuais.

Palavras-chave: Educação em direitos humanos. Escola. Paulo Freire.
Direitos humanos e educação: como se expressam DCN e na BNCC
Authors: Hillesheim Luana , Hoffmann Juliana Elis dos Santos , Barreto Karina Albuquerque , Wuo Andrea Soares
Published: August 2021

Resumo

Nas sociedades contemporâneas, os direitos humanos são meios de garantia a dignidade, liberdade e a igualdade dos seres humanos. Como imperativo de construção de um mundo com menos desigualdade, no qual se respeitam as diversidades como fundamento da dignidade humana, este artigo tem como objetivo principal refletir sobre as relações entre os direitos humanos e a educação a partir das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, e, como objetivo específico, analisar qual o entendimento que esses documentos apresentam sobre os direitos humanos. A pesquisa em educação, de abordagem qualitativa, teve como procedimento de geração de dados a pesquisa documental. Mediante a análise dos documentos curriculares, observou-se que a educação é compreendida em um viés de direitos humanos, como também promotora de direitos humanos, estando amplamente disseminada em seu texto. Muito embora os documentos possam conjuminar educação e direitos humanos, há diferenças entre ambos que expressam suas particularidades no que diz respeito aos seus contextos de produção e suas compreensões acerca dos modos como os direitos humanos são pensados na e para a educação básica.

 

Palavras-chave: BNCC; Direitos Humanos; Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais; Educação em Direitos Humanos.
Breve historia del nacimiento del Centro de Estudios Políticos y de la revista Estudios Políticos
Authors: Suárez-Iñiguez Enrique
Published: August 2021

En este texto, el autor comparte su experiencia y sus remembranzas sobre la llegada a México de la Ciencia Política como disciplina y la fundación de la entonces Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales en 1951; y el largo camino que han transitado desde ese entonces hasta el presente
Nadia Urbinati (2020), Yo, el pueblo. Cómo el populismo transforma a la democracia, México, INE/Grano de Sal
Authors: Arellano Toledo Marco
Published: August 2021

El populismo, dice, “obliga a especialistas y ciudadanos a reflexionar sobre lo que salió mal en sus gobiernos. Qué ocurrió para provocar en el pueblo una insatisfacción tan radical y hostil respecto de la democracia de partidos y la sociedad pluralista”
Cortez Salinas, Josafat (2020), Ideas, innovación y cambio organizacional en la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación, México, UNAM/IIJ
Authors: Hernández Sandoval Marilu
Published: August 2021

Con el auge de los derechos humanos y la instauración de Cortes internacionales a principios de siglo, se replanteó el papel del Poder Judicial no sólo como un árbitro entre poderes, sino también como un órgano garante y protector de los derechos humanos
Intestinal Parasite Infestation in HIV Infected Patients in Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Chandi Dhruba Hari , Lakhani Sucheta J.
Published: August 2021

Every year, the number of people living with HIV rises as a consequence of advanced infections and the positive effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Gastrointestinal involvement is common, with 90% of patients seeking treatment for gastrointestinal problems as their HIV infection progresses. Nonetheless, identifying and characterization of infectious agents is important for patient management by excluding a clinical diagnosis and determining appropriate treatment, as well as determining public healthcare policy for true pathogen prevalence and yielding epidemiological risk factors for specific infections. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of symptomatic or asymptomatic intestinal parasitic infection among HIV or AIDS patients. For this study with 80 HIV seropositive patients being recruited from various wards and the Integrated Counseling and Testing Center (ICTC) affiliated to the microbiology department. Patients with acute and chronic diarrhea with abdominal disorder were taken as symptomatic whereas patients without these clinical complaints and who came for routine investigations were taken as asymptomatic. Firstly stool samples were analyzed by macroscopically for the presence of mucus, blood, larvae, segments of tapeworm and adult worms. The consistencies of stool were also recorded such as formed, watery or soft or loose with odor and color. It was examined microscopically after macroscopically for protozoan cysts and trophozoites, helminthic ova and larvae, as wet mount preparation by saline and iodine preparation as well as formal ether concentrated. For the detection of intestinal coccidian parasites, smears were prepared from stool samples and a modified Ziel-Nelseen (MZN) stain was also performed. Stool samples with the detection of parasites were informed for treatment. The prevalence of intestinal parasite was 23.75% with asymptomatic and symptomatic groups having a prevalence of 16.98% and 37.04% respectively. Out of total patients, 56.25% were male and 43.75% were female. Among the male patients, 11 (13.75%) were positive for an intestinal parasitic infection and 8 (10%) were positive among females. The age distribution data revealed that the age group 21-40 years old had the highest number of intestinal parasites, followed by 41-60, 61-80, and 0-20 years old. The most intestinal parasites were found in the young and middle-aged patients, according to this study. Different parasites were identified as Entamoeba histolytica, Taenia species, Ascaris lumbricoides, Cryptosporidium parvum and Isospora with one protozoan, two coccidian parasites and two helminthes. The most common parasite was Taenia species 6 (7.5%) followed by Entamoeba histolytica 5 (6.3%) and Cryptosporidium parvum 5 (6.3%). Intestinal parasitic infection is not uncommon in HIV seropositive patients. This study underscores the need for early diagnosis and treatment of these intestinal parasites in both symptomatic and asymptomatic HIV patients.
Incidence, Enumeration and Confirmation of Listeria and its Species in Ready-to-eat Street Vended Salads Sold at Various Outlets of Faisalabad City, Pakistan
Authors: Khaliq Adnan , Sajjad Harris , Chughtai Muhammad Farhan Jahangir , Ahsan Samreen , Liaqat Atif , Tahir Assam Bin , Ponomareva Lilya , Khryuchkina Elena , Ponomarev Evgeny , Lavrushina Elena , Gubanova Nataliya , Kozlovskikh Lidiia , Baydan Dmitry , Shariati Mohammad Ali
Published: August 2021

The desire for a healthy lifestyle and faster mode of preparation has supported the consumption of ready to eat fresh salad. Street vended salads are recognized as a source of pathogenic transamination in different parts of the world. The present study was designed to evaluate the safety status of fresh vegetable and Russian salads being sold at various food outlets of Faisalabad. Samples of freshly prepared salads were collected from representative selected different areas of Faisalabad city divided into four different zones (zone 1, zone 2, zone 3 and zone 4). Prevalence and enumeration of Listeria was done through microbial testing via the spread plate method. Among samples of vegetable salad, highest prevalence of Listeria was found in the zone 2 (75%) whereas Russian salad samples from zones 1 and 3 exhibited 62% prevalence, the highest among all 4 zones of study. On the whole, the lowest prevalence of Listeria was found in zone 4 (50% vegetable salad and 58% Russian salad). Biochemical conformation of Listeria done through different tests for the identification of various Listeria species, exhibited that Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua were highly prevalent in samples from zones 1 and 3 respectively. The results will help to improve safety concerns associated with street vended foods.
Quantum routing with fast reversals
Authors: Bapat Aniruddha , Childs Andrew M. , Gorshkov Alexey V. , King Samuel , Schoute Eddie , Shastri Hrishee
Published: August 2021

We present methods for implementing arbitrary permutations of qubits under interaction constraints. Our protocols make use of previous methods for rapidly reversing the order of qubits along a path. Given nearest-neighbor interactions on a path of length n, we show that there exists a constant ϵ≈0.034 such that the quantum routing time is at most (1−ϵ)n, whereas any swap-based protocol needs at least time n−1. This represents the first known quantum advantage over swap-based routing methods and also gives improved quantum routing times for realistic architectures such as grids. Furthermore, we show that our algorithm approaches a quantum routing time of 2n/3 in expectation for uniformly random permutations, whereas swap-based protocols require time n asymptotically. Additionally, we consider sparse permutations that route k≤n qubits and give algorithms with quantum routing time at most n/3+O(k2) on paths and at most 2r/3+O(k2) on general graphs with radius r.
Central Asian States in the International Rankings of Democracy Development
Authors: Garbuzarova Elena G.
Published: August 2021

Since gaining independence, Central Asian states declared their commitment to democratization and development of a market economy, building their political systems based on the uncontested Western liberal-democratic model. Leaving behind the Soviet legacy, the political elites of Central Asian states strive to build an effective strategy for national and state development and to form effective democratic institutions. However, after several decades, the political regimes in the countries of the region have become more authoritarian than democratic. In the process of democratic transition, the countries face serious threats in the form of political instability and socio-economic problems. The renaissance of traditional national features made them an integral element of the political life of the sovereign states. The development of democracy in the states of the region is influenced by informal institutions - tribal relations, regionalism and the clan structure of society. In fact, the introduction of the basic elements of democracy into the political process of Central Asian states is formal or declarative, and the participation of the masses in politics is limited. Using various methods and criteria, international democracy development ratings assess the level of democratic development in transition states. Western countries set their own norms and rules for the democratization of transition countries based on the ratings of political transformation. As a result, international ratings are used as a tool for achieving the interests of Western countries that seek to reformat the political regimes of non-democratic countries, regardless of their socio-cultural characteristics. Each Central Asian state has its own features and dynamics/statics of democratic transit, but they are all united by the personification of power and loyalty to the autocrat rather than to the political institutions. The author attempts to trace the current state of the political systems of Central Asian states, highlighting the positive and negative trends in their democratization.
Las causas del apoyo electoral a VOX en España
Authors: Arroyo Menéndez Millán
Published: August 2021

A análise visa compreender as razões pelas quais 15% dos eleitores decidiram apoiar Vox em 10 de novembro de 2019. São discutidos os fatores condicionantes anteriores à emergência desse partido. É estudada a evolução de suas intenções de voto e sua relação com a cadeia de eventos significativos que ocorreram durante 2018 e 2019, constatando-se que a preocupação com o secessionismo catalão é o principal impulso para o sucesso do partido. Finalmente, é apresentada uma análise da pesquisa para explicar as razões e características associadas ao Vox. São apresentads as diversas variaveis explicativas e seus pesos. A partir da comparação com outros partidos de direita, verificou-se que as atitudes são compartilhadas com outros eleitores de direita, entretanto, mais acentuadas e radicais. O que principalmente os diferencia é, nesta ordem: idade (juventude), autoritarismo, preocupação com a imigração e maior conservadorismo.
Centralized Algorithms Based on Clustering with Self-tuning of Parameters for Cooperative Target Observation
Authors: Andrade João Pedro Bernardino , Maia Jose Everardo B. , De Campos Gustavo Augusto L.
Published: August 2021

Clustering on target positions is a class of centralized algorithms used to calculate the surveillance robots' displacements in the Cooperative Target Observation (CTO) problem. This work proposes and evaluates Fuzzy C-means (FCM) and Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) with K-means (DBSk) based self-tuning clustering centralized algorithms for the CTO problem and compares its performances with that of K-means. Two random motion patterns are adopted for the targets: in free space or on a grid. As a contribution, the work allows identifying ranges of problem configuration parameters in which each algorithm shows the highest average performance. As a first conclusion, in the challenging situation in which the relative speed of the targets is high, and the relative sensor range of the surveillance is low, for which the existing algorithms present a substantial drop in performance, the FCM algorithm proposed outperforms the others. Finally, the DBSk algorithm adapts very well in low execution frequency, showing promising results in this challenging situation.
The Notification Oriented Paradigm Language to Digital Hardware as an Intuitive High-level Synthesis Tool
Authors: Kerschbaumer Ricardo , Kaviatkovski André Augusto , Garcia Gabriel Rodrigues , Erig Lima Carlos Raimundo , Simão Jean Marcelo
Published: August 2021

The parallelism allowed by FPGAs has attracted attention for knowing applications that need processing power. However, the need for specific and very technical development language has not stimulate its broad use. As an alternative, there are High-level Synthesis Languages (HSL), which allow less complicated FPGA use. However, they do not tend to take full advantage of the FPGA technology. Therefore, another alternative was developed, based on the Notification Oriented Paradigm (NOP), called NOP for Digital Hardware (NOP-DH). NOP allows development in high level with its rule-oriented language called NOPL. Its entity decoupling, parallelism, and redundancy avoidance are useful for best performance. In turn, the NOP-DH brings NOP for the FPGA context with the benefits observed in software but enhanced by hardware nature. This paper reviews the NOPL for NOP-DH (NOPL-DH) that aims high level programming for FPGA. The paper proposes the NOPL-DH test by independent developers, by developing a monitoring device for a box transporting bidirectional conveyer. As a result, NOPL-DH allowed high-level development under the NOP-DH structure in an FPGA, without the need for technical knowledge and, still, maintaining and exploring the NOP properties in FPGA
DEMOCRACIA NA ÁFRICA: O NOTÁVEL CASO DA SOMALILÂNDIA
Authors: Penna Filho Pio , Motta Henrique Oliveira da
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho tem como fim a compreensão dos processos que culminaram no sucesso político da autodeclarada República da Somalilândia mediante um estudo de caso. Desde sua independência com relação à Somália em 1991, o país já passou por quatro processos eleitorais, considerados justos e confiáveis, além de ter logrado significativa estabilidade em seu território, mesmo sem nenhum reconhecimento internacional e em condições adversas. Concluiu-se que a mescla de elementos tradicionais com prerrogativas democráticas ocidentais foram fundamentais para a construção da estabilidade na Somalilândia. Costumes e estruturas de governança há muito presentes na cultura somali foram utilizados para solucionar controvérsias quando o Estado falhou, sendo posteriormente incorporados à formalidade sob a forma da Guurti, um conselho de anciãos que passou a funcionar como um senado. Diversas negociações e conferências, baseadas em costumes da região, ocorreram durante os anos 1990, unindo os diferentes clãs rivais que habitavam a Somalilândia em torno de um ideal de nação. Ademais, a ideia de que para se obter reconhecimento seria necessário o estabelecimento de uma democracia sólida também contribuiu com o equilíbrio político do país. Em suma, ainda que a nação possua problemas profundos, como miséria, corrupção e falta de reconhecimento, é possível dizer que na Somalilândia surgiu um novo modelo de democracia híbrida até o momento bem-sucedido. E enquanto tentativas de construção de paz na África realizadas por agentes externos têm falhado, a Somalilândia é um exemplo bem-sucedido conduzido por atores locais utilizando elementos de governança endógenos, o que pode trazer lições e ensinamentos aplicáveis a outros casos no continente.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF POST-APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA IN LIGHT OF THE INSTITUTIONALIST PERSPECTIVE: A CRITICAL REVIEW
Authors: Constantino João Paulo Davi , Silva Robson Dias da , Flexor Georges
Published: August 2021

A transição para um regime democrático na África do Sul na década de 1990 encontrou o surgimento das políticas neoliberais e do discurso que abordava as “boas instituições” e a “boa governança” como motores do crescimento econômico. No caso dos países africanos, o discurso de organismos multilaterais como o Banco Mundial e o FMI incluía a ideia de que políticas voltadas para a erradicação da pobreza e o incentivo à educação também significariam desenvolvimento. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar em que medida a adequação aos modelos institucionais orientados para o mercado tem contribuído para o desenvolvimento sul-africano, a partir de um conjunto de instituições. Para tanto, o presente estudo realizou uma revisão da literatura sobre a Nova Economia Institucional (NIE), principal proponente das instituições voltadas para o mercado como chave para o desenvolvimento; também analisou a visão crítica desses modelos lineares. Conclui que a associação entre instituições e desenvolvimento econômico é mais complexa do que a estimada em modelos orientados para o mercado aplicados ao institucionalismo dominante, principalmente para países em desenvolvimento.
ASCENSÃO REGIONAL ETÍOPE: A POLÍTICA EXTERNA DE MENGISTU HAILÉ MARIAM A ABIY AHMED ALI
Authors: Cardoso Nilton César Fernandes , Da Conceição Guilherme Geremias , Sardo Igor Estima
Published: August 2021

Este artigo pretende analisar a condução da política externa da República Democrática Federal da Etiópia desde a Revolução de 1974 até o primeiro ano da administração de Abiy Ahmed Ali, investigando no processo ao que se deve a maior abertura política e econômica do país. Mediante revisão bibliográfica, infere-se que esse processo de reabertura política ocorre pelas necessidades de desenvolvimento nacional e pela ascensão de um novo chefe de Estado. As variáveis de análise para verificar essa hipótese seriam o ritmo de crescimento do país nas últimas décadas, a aproximação com a China, investimentos estrangeiros no país, pacotes de privatização, reaproximação diplomática com vizinhos e ofensivas diplomáticas. Conclui-se de maneira assertiva que desde o término da administração Meles Zenawi, a Etiópia passa por uma fase de maior abertura na condução de sua política externa justamente pela necessidade de subsídios ao desenvolvimento nacional. Finalmente, este trabalho se justifica em função de seu esforço em entender um fenômeno político recente na dinâmica interestatal do Leste Africano.
Microbiome of Genitourinary Tumors: Especially in Prostate Cancer and Kidney Cancer
Authors: Min Kyungchan , Yun Seok Joong , Park Hansoo , Ha Yun-Sok
Published: August 2021

Human body contains diverse microbes. Different microbes are identified at different organs. Urine was thought as sterile, but according to progression in important technologies like 16S rRNA gene sequencing and expanded quantitative urine culture, it is known that diverse microbes exist in genitourinary tract. Microbiome contains the microbes and surrounding microenvironments. In addition to urologic difficulties like interstitial cystitis or chronic prostatitis, malignancies are thought to be related to microbiomes. In this review, we summarized several studies in urologic malignancies, especially prostate cancer and kidney cancer.