bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Content Analysis of PhD Dissertations on Curriculum Evaluation (1996-2017)
Authors: YETKİNER Alper , ACAR ERDOL Tuba , ÜNLÜ Şahika
Published: April 2019

The aim of this research is to analyze the curriculum evaluation PhD dissertations in Turkey
according to different variables and present the current situation. The Research is important in
terms of helping to identify tendencies in this area and to monitor progress through setting out
the current situation in the area of curriculum evaluation. In this research, PhD dissertations on
curriculum evaluation which were written in Curriculum and Instruction Departments in
universities in Turkey were examined by document analysis. Curriculum evaluation PhD
dissertations made in Curriculum and Instruction Departments in universities in Turkey during
1996-2017 were included in this research. In the analysis of the dissertations included in this
research, content analysis was applied. It was seen that the analyzed PhD dissertations are
accepted between 1996-2017. It is also clear that the curriculum evaluation PhD dissertations
have been made more since 1998 when undergraduate programs in CI were closed. The fact that
subjects of many of the curriculum evaluation PhD dissertations include the formal education
subjects, has led to the classification of the subjects as the evaluation of the formal education
curricula and the evaluation of the non-formal education curricula. It was seen that approximately
all of PhD dissertations were listed under the heading of evaluation of the formal education
curricula. It was seen that the dissertations were made mostly in Ankara. As a result of that some
of the dissertations include places as far as possible in Turkey, the number of provinces where
theses have been increased. The majority of participants of the dissertations consisted of
individuals from higher education institutions, which provided a high proportion of participants
with a university level of education.
The Utilization of Mobile Devices for Improving Access to Online Learning for Distance Education’s Students
Authors: PADMO Dewi , IDRUS Olivia , ARDIASIH Lidwina Sri
Published: April 2019

Recent advances in mobile devices have opened up opportunities for every individual to be able to communicate and obtain information quicker. Users of mobile devices in Asia now account for 49% of mobile device users in the world. This growth is partly supported by the rapid development of the Internet use. Indonesia has a potentially huge market in the use of mobile devices and Internet. The extent of utilization of mobile devices by the students pursuing higher education, especially at Universitas Terbuka (UT), is an important component of this development. This study seeks to develop an understanding of the following issues: (1) the types of the mobile devices that are used by students, (2) the types of learning and information accessed through mobile devices, (3) the time used to access learning through mobile devices, (4) the degree of students’ satisfaction in using the mobile devices for learning, and (5) the effectiveness of using mobile devices for learning. The data of this research were collected by using an online questionnaire containing 26 questions. The questionnaires were distributed to UT students from four faculties and the Graduate Programs from all UT’s regional offices at 38 locations spread across Indonesia, including UT’s regional office for overseas student. Overall, there were 767 respondents. The results of this research show that the utilization of mobile devices, especially in the use of smartphones to access UT’s online learning, seems to have great potential.
Difficulties in interpreting the criteria for assessing medical care provision in acute appendicitis
Authors: Movchan Konstantin N. , Demko Andrey E. , Tatarkin Vladislav V. , Batirshin Ildar M.
Published: April 2019

Some patients experiencing health problems unreasonably bring charges against medical specialists because of inadequate medical care providing. It occurs in cases of acute appendicitis as well as in cases of its complications. This article presents data about clinical observation of the patient suffering from acute appendicitis with diagnosis pecularities, unusual tactic of treatment with the subsequent dissatisfaction in this regard with the quality of health care provision. Compliance with the deiontological principles showing mutual respect on the part of both the medical staff and patients may prevent bringing charges against organizations because of inadequate medical care provision.
The world’s fastest wireless backhaul radio
Authors: Gilmore Rowan
Published: April 2019

Fibre is commonly perceived to be the dominant transport mechanism for transferring data from access points back to a central office, where it is aggregated onto the core network. However, high speed and long range wireless backhaul remains a cost-effective alternative to fibre networks. In some areas, wireless backhaul is dominant and becoming more and more attractive. However, commercially available wireless backhaul systems do not meet the requirements for both high speed and long range at the same time with sufficiently low latency for some applications. Traditional microwave systems can achieve long transmission range, but the data rates are then limited to a few hundred megabits per second. Multi-gigabit per second wireless communications can be achieved using millimetre-wave (mm-wave) frequency bands, especially in E-band, but the practical transmission range has then always been a major weakness.In this article, the world’s first 5Gbps radio solution – and the fastest commercial backhaul product – developed by EM Solutions Pty Ltd with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) – is described. As well as achieving a state-of-the-art data rate, other key design features include maximal path length, minimal latency, and constant antenna pointing under wind and tower vibration.
Review of ‘Asian Data Privacy Laws – Trade and Human Rights Perspectives’ by Graham Greenleaf
Authors: Vaile David
Published: April 2019

Review of 'Asian Data Privacy Laws – Trade and Human Rights Perspectives' by Graham Greenleaf, Oxford, October 2014, nearly 600 pages
Behind the Legend
Authors: Holmes Jim
Published: April 2019

In 2017 a new biography, Behind the Legend - The Many Worlds of Charles Todd, by Denis Cryle, was published. The biography seeks to provide a more complete understanding of Charles Todd beyond the single achievement for which he became most famous – the building of the Overland Telegraph Line linking Darwin and Adelaide in 1872. The biography lives up to its promise and sets out in considerable detail the contribution that Todd made in many fields during his long lifetime and period of public service. Those fields include astronomy, meteorology, telegraphy, telecommunications more generally, public administration, and contribution to the processes of federal coordination and cooperation. Todd’s fame and legacy have been heavily bound up with the construction of the Overland Telegraph Line. As Cryle notes, he was dubbed ‘Telegraph Todd’ by the media of the day.
It is the stated purpose of Cryle’s biography to do justice to Todd across the full range of his achievements. I think that Cryle succeeds admirably. He has written an engaging book that is thoroughly researched and referenced. It will appeal both to historians and to the general reader without expertise in any of the scientific or technical fields inhabited by Todd.
Editorial
Authors: Rehman Sharaf N.
Published: April 2019

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The effectiveness of celebrity endorsements in Polish magazines
Authors: Kowalewska Kinga
Published: April 2019

Due to several cognitive processes, celebrity endorsements are effective in increasing sales. The presence of a famous person in an advertisement can command extra attention which may translate into an increase in sales. The aim of the paper is to show the scale of popularity of endorsement in Polish press advertisements in selected magazines directed at different target groups. The study relies, in part, on qualitative content analysis, and uses a survey to determine the effectiveness of celebrity endorsement as a marketing strategy in building trust around a given brand or product and the credibility of an advertising message among its target audience. The final section of the research presents the recall rates for brands/product and their endorsers. Generally, it has been found that celebrity endorsement as a marketing strategy more popular in Poland than in the USA, and a number of particular criteria have to be met in order for it to be efficient. The data reveal that the names of the endorsing celebrities are more strongly associated with advertised products and brands, than the products or brands with their endorsers’ names.
Transnational corporations as entities of informal influence. Some reflections based on the example of their engagement in activities directed at LGBT groups in Poland
Authors: Bielska Beata , Tamborska Katarzyna
Published: April 2019

The paper explores the assertion about multi-faceted tools of impact used by large corporations that aim to limit the subjectivity of consumers. It is based on the concept of “deep capture” (Hanson & Yosifon, 2003). Deep capture suggests that the consumers have only the idea of their own subjectivity, and that human behaviour is largely dependent on external situational factors rather than the individuals’ dispositions. In this context, the present authors analyse the role of large corporations in shaping the image of LGBT people in Poland. Noteworthy is the consideration to build and strengthen the belief that LGBT people are a group which suffers discrimination, to which anyone should make gestures of support throughout consumer decisions. An overview of the actions of business entities for LGBT groups in Poland allows us state that these actions cannot be called large-scale. The actions of Polish companies can be recognised as not very intense or committed. Western transnational corporations have vast experience in actions for LGBT people, but this is not necessarily the case in Poland.
Efecto de la temperatura en la rapidez del tostado de café
Authors: Porras-Zúñiga María Cristina , Vargas-Elías Guillermo , Araúz- Madrid Linda , Abarca-Alpízar Yailyn N.
Published: April 2019

El tostado es un proceso que genera cambios importantes en las propiedades físicas, químicas y sensoriales del café. La producción de café tostado está relacionada con la temperatura del tostador, el tiempo y la cantidad utilizada de café. La temperatura es un parámetro poco estudiado y tiene potencial para asociarlo a los cambios físicos y químicos. El objetivo es determinar el efecto de la temperatura del tostador en la rapidez del tueste de los granos. Se utilizaron granos de café (Coffea arábica) de la región de la Zona de los Santos, con un análisis sensorial de 80 puntos, empleando un tostador convencional con cilindro horizontal rotativo. Se fijaron tres posiciones de la válvula de gas para establecer diversas condiciones de operación en el tostador. Se utilizaron 5 muestras de 600 g para cada condición del tostador. Se determinó el final del tueste con las temperaturas de 215, 220, 225, 230 y 235 °C. El aumento de la temperatura en dichas condiciones fue lineal, con coeficiente de determinación mayor que 93 %, cuya pendiente representa la rapidez del calentamiento del aire interno. La rapidez del calentamiento fue asociada a la temperatura de equilibrio del tostador por el modelo de Arrhenius. Se determinó la energía de activación para el calentamiento del sistema en 21,6 kJ/ mol. El aumento del consumo de gas genera mayor rapidez en el calentamiento del tostador, de los granos y del aire.
The Risk Factors Of Nurses' Non-Compliance To The Principles Of Five Rights in Drug Administration in Patient Wards in One Of The Private Hospitals in West Indonesia
Authors: Siregar Deborah , Sakti Erivita , Siringoringo Alfrida
Published: April 2019

Medication administration errors (MAEs) are one of the risks in nursing practice and occur because the drugs received by patients with prescription drugs are not appropriate. Nurses play an important role in patient safety, especially in drug delivery. The principle of five correct is needed to prevent the incidence of MAE. The causes of MAE are interruptions, workload, knowledge, and communication. The purpose of this study was to analyze the most influential factors on the incidence of MAE in a hospital West Indonesia. The research design used cross sectional. The sampling technique is simple random sampling and 99 people are taken as sample. The research instrument used is questionnaire. Data analysis used multivariate with logistic regression method. The results showed that the knowledge variable is the most dominant variable associated with medication error with OR = 7.262 means that the risk of knowledge raises medication error 7.262 larger than the workload after controlled by interrupt and communication variables. Recommendations for future researchers to make the results of this study as a baseline for doing a research about MEA and patient.
The Descriptive Study on Nurses' Knowledge Of The Right Identification Of Patients in A Private Hospital In Central Indonesia
Authors: Pandiangan Ramot Helpri , Sitanggang Yenni Ferawati , Theresia Theresia
Published: April 2019

Patient safety is a system used in hospitals that make nursing care becomes more secure. Systems that can prevent injuries arising from errors in performing the action The accurate implementation of patient identification is one of the components in patient safety. As a nurse, it is crucial to have a good knowledge of patient identification according to hospital’s regulation.The purpose of this research was to know the description of nursing knowledge about identification patients in the inpatient room Private Hospital in Central Indonesia. This study used quantitative descriptive method it cross sectional approach which uses the technique of total sampling. Population in this study was 20 nurses in inpatient Private Hospital in Central Indonesia .This study uses the instrument in the form of a questionnaire that contained 24 questions using a scale Guttman consisting of positive questions and negative questions. This research was conducted in October-November 2017. This study showed by as many as 19 nurses (95%) of the 20 respondents have the level of knowledge of good and 1 nurse (5%) of the 20 respondents have a sufficient level of knowledge. For further research, the researcher recommends a randomized control trial design on a larger number of samples in order to obtain more accurate results. That way, you can see what part of the information in the topic of identifying patients who are still of low value with more objective. In the end, this can be an input for hospital managers to provide training that focuses on improving the knowledge of nurses.
El exilio republicano y los campos de concentración nazis. Presentación
Authors: Glondys Olga , Martín Gijón Mario , Trallero Mar
Published: April 2019

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Old camps, New concentrations. 1939 Spanish Republican exclusions and today’s refugees = Viejos campos, nuevas concentraciones. 1939 Exclusiones republicanas españolas y refugiados de hoy
Authors: Naharro-Calderón José María
Published: April 2019

Resumen: La moderna tradición de desplazamientos forzados planetarios ha continuado durante este siglo, mientras los sistemas democráticos recortan derechos inalienables. No obstante, en Manuscrito cuervo de Max Aub, se lee: “es bien sabido que se acabaron las guerras y los campos de concentración”. Esta irónica declaración coetánea a libros de Joaquim Amat-Piniella, Hannah Arendt, o Primo Levi sobre campos y totalitarismos, es premonitoria de esta resiliencia del sistema concentracionario como forma generalizada de represión en nuestra modernidad. Mucho antes de que Giorgio Agamben la actualizara para su homo sacer, la experiencia de los republicanos de las Españas en campos de concentración de la Tercera República francesa y Vichy ya los había certificado y anticipado como método inherente de exclusión en una modernidad recortada en sus derechos.Palabras clave: campos de concentración, internamiento, diasporas, memoria, modernidad.Abstract: The modern tradition of forced planetary displacements has continued during the Twentieth First Century, while democratic systems curtail inalienable rights. Nevertheless, The Crow Manuscript by Max Aub, states that “it is well known that wars and concentration camps are long gone”. This ironic declaration, contemporary to Joaquim Amat-Piniella’s, Hannah Arendt’s or Primo Levi’s books about camps and totalitarianisms, is premonitory of the concentration system resilience as a generalized form of repression in modern times. Well before Giorgio Agamben refurbished the camp through his homo sacer, plural Spain Republicans’ experiences in the French Third Republic and Vichy concentration camps had already anticipated and displayed them as an inherent method of modern exclusion and set back in rights.Keywords: concentration camps, internment, diasporas, memory, modernity.
Memoria y deshumanización en la narrativa concentracionaria de Jorge Semprún = Memory and dehumanization in Jorge Semprún´s Concentrationary Narrative
Authors: Sánchez Zapatero Javier
Published: April 2019

Resumen: Independientemente de las características particulares de los espacios en los que eran recluidos, los prisioneros de los campos nazis sufrieron semejantes procesos de continua y progresiva eliminación de los elementos constituyentes de la esencia del ser humano. A los internados no sólo se les despojaba del contexto civilizador en que hasta entonces vivían, sino que su propia constitución se veía afectada hasta hacer de ellos un nuevo ente guiado por una pulsión de supervivencia. Partiendo del análisis de los textos de Jorge Semprún, el artículo estudiará los diferentes modos a través de los que la escritura expresó el proceso deshumanizador al que fueron sometidos los internos, reducidos en los campos a pura experiencia corporal. Más allá del mero inventario de recursos, se intentará demostrar cómo su empleo implica un intento de superar la inefabilidad inherente a la representación de la experiencia concentracionaria que marca toda la literatura concentracionaria de Semprún.Palabras clave: Jorge Semprún, Campos de concentración, Narrativa concentracionaria, Deshumanización, Inefabilidad.Abstract: Prisoners in Nazi concentration camps suffered a similar process of progressive and continuous dehumanization, even when they were imprisoned in different geographical places. Prisoners were deprived of the civilizing atmosphere where they lived before the arrest, and their bodies became entities whose only goal was survival. This paper approaches Jorge Semprún´s works from the perspective of the dehumanizing process suffered by the survivors, and the way their life experience was reduced to the physical survival of the body. It includes an inventory of Semprún´s autobiographical experiences, with the purpose of expressing the impossibility to verbalize the experience in concentration camps. Keywords: Jorge Semprún, Concentration Camps, Concentrationary Narrative, Dehumanization, Ineffability.
The Effects of Emotional Intelligence on Students' Speaking Skills
Authors: Sulistyawati Meiva Eka Sri
Published: April 2019

Emotional Intelligence and students’ speaking skills are correlated. This research aims to examine the effects of Emotional Intelligence on students’ speaking skills. The observed population of this research was the XII graders students of the State Senior High Schools in East Jakarta. The sample was taken using simplerandom sampling technique. The data were garnered from questionnaire, objective test, and oral test for both variables. The gained data were then analyzed by using correlation formula and multiple regressions. The empirical evidence showed that there was a significant effect of Emotional Intelligence on the students’speaking skills given the Sig value 0.000 and t observed=4.375. Since Sig value was less than 0.05 and t observed was higher than t-table, it indicated that H0 was rejected, which means that H1 was accepted. It illustrated that there was a significant effect of independent variable X (emotional intelligence) on the dependentvariable Y (student’s speaking skills).
Thematic Progression on Third Grade Students‘ Writing in www.thewritesource.com
Authors: Sukawatie Lia Elyani
Published: April 2019

This paper aims at describing the thematic progression which appears in the native 3rd grade students. This study examines the native students‘ writing, particularly their persuasive paragraph and narrative personal paragraph. The researcher took 2 texts out of 12 texts in www.thewritesource.com. The data analysis was grounded in the technique developed by Martin and Rother in Paltridge (2000:140). The result of this study showed that multiple theme patterns dominated the thematic progression development. The second one was reiteration theme, and the last was zig-zag pattern.
The Meaning of the Microprocessor: Accounting for Evolution of Structural-Functional Novelty in the Canonical microRNA Biogenesis Pathway
Authors: Robinson Jeffrey
Published: April 2019

It is standard to identify and compare genomic or mRNA sequence of the Drosha and Pasha genes subsidiary to detection and identification of novel microRNAs in newly sequenced taxa or review of previous deep sequencing data. Drosha and Pasha are the key, conserved gene members of the ‘microprocessor’ protein complex which facilitates nuclear nuclear-localized, pri- to pre-miRNA processing miRNAs of the canonical eumetazoan complement. Because of the necessity of the microprocessor for production of canonical eumetazoan miRNA, the detection of both (1) bona fide microRNAs and (2) presence of Drosha/Pasha orthologs (or homologs) is often presented as sufficient to represent a functional canonical eumetazoan microRNA biogenesis pathway. However, the functional role of the Drosha and Pasha homologs is not commonly experimentally investigated in non-model taxa, and therefore the assumption is not necessarily valid. Differentiation of ‘bona fide miRNAs’, opposed to ‘non-bona fide’ small RNAs of similar size, are also necessary for miRNA sequencing projects. Recent rubrics are based on structural and sequence elements of the miRNAs themselves, however these inclusion criteria include paraphyletic groupings of miRNAs, for example eumetazoan miRNAs and streptophyte (green plant) miRNAs which are not produced by the Drosha/Pasha microprocessor mechanism. Therefore, a dichotomy exists between the structural definitions for miRNAs and understanding of the evolutionarily conserved function of the microprocessor and its components. In this article, I review literature in the context of this topic and discuss philosophical ramifications for understanding the importance of the microprocessor in understanding the evolutionary and molecular origins of miRNA.
Influence of Intermittent Cold Stimulations on CREB and Its Targeting Genes in Muscle: Investigations into Molecular Mechanisms of Local Cryotherapy
Authors: Sugasawa Takehito , Yoshiya Tome , Takeuchi Yoshinori , Yahagi Naoya , Sharma Rahul , Aita Yuichi , Yoshida Yasuko , Tokinoya Katuyuki , Sekine Nanami , Takeuchi Kaoru , Ueda Haruna , Maruyama Reina , Morita Shohei , Kawamai Yasushi , Takekoshi Kazuhiro
Published: April 2019

Local cryotherapy is widely used as a treatment for sports-related skeletal muscle injury. However, its molecular mechanisms are unknown. To clarify these mechanisms, in this study, we applied one to three 15-min cold stimulations at 4 °C to various cell lines (in vitro), the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle (ex vivo), and mouse limbs (in vivo). In the in vitro assay, cAMP response element-binding protein 1 (CREB1) was markedly phosphorylated (as pCREB1) and CREB-binding protein (CBP) was recruited to pCREB-1 in response to two or three cold stimulations. In a reporter assay with the cAMP-responsive element, the signals significantly increased after two to three cold stimulations at 4 °C. In the ex vivo study, CREB-targeting genes were significantly upregulated following two or three cold stimulations. The in vivo experiment disclosed that cold stimulation of a mouse limb for 9 days significantly increased mitochondrial DNA copy number and upregulated genes such as Pgc-1α involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. The foregoing results suggest that local cryotherapy increases CREB transcription and upregulates CREB-targeting genes in a manner dependent on cold stimulation frequency and duration. This information may serve as an impetus for further investigations into local cryotherapy as a treatment for sports-related skeletal muscle trauma.
Academic Metrics Do Not Explain the Underrepresentation of Women in Orthopaedic Training Programs
Authors: Poon Selina , Nellans Kate , Crabb Rocío A.L. , Rothman Alyssa , Wendolowski Stephen F. , Kiridly Daniel , Gecelter Rachel , Akerman Meredith , Chahine Nadeen O.
Published: April 2019

Background:

Among medical specialties, orthopaedic surgery persistently has one of the lowest representations of women in residency programs. This study examined whether differences exist in the academic metrics of the orthopaedic residency applicants and enrolled candidates by sex, which may be contributing to the persistent underrepresentation of women. Differences in enrollment rate in orthopaedic residency programs also were analyzed. We hypothesized that academic metrics were similar for female and male applicants and thus do not explain the underrepresentation of women in training programs.

Methods:

Academic data of first-time applicants (n = 9,133) and candidates who enrolled in an orthopaedic residency (n = 6,381) in the U.S. from 2005 to 2014 were reviewed. The United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step-1 and Step-2 Clinical Knowledge (CK) scores, Alpha Omega Alpha (AΩA) Honor Medical Society status, number of publications, and volunteer experiences were compared by sex and were analyzed over time.

Results:

From 2005 to 2014, representation of female applicants increased from 12.6% to 16.0%, corresponding with an increase in the percentage of enrolled female residents (from 12.9% to 16.1%); 70.3% of male and 67.1% of female applicants to orthopaedic residency enrolled as residents (p = 0.082). Mean academic metrics increased significantly over time for applicants and enrolled candidates, irrespective of sex. Comparing by sex, the mean USMLE Step-1 scores of male applicants and enrolled candidates were approximately 2% higher than those of female applicants (p < 0.0001). Volunteer experiences of female applicants and enrolled candidates were 12% higher compared with male applicants (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in USMLE Step-2 CK scores, number of publications, or AΩA status by sex.

Conclusions:

The enrollment rate of male and female applicants in orthopaedic residencies was similar and did not change during the 10-year study period. The academic metrics of applicants and enrolled candidates have increased significantly. The academic metrics were found to be comparable by sex; the differences in USMLE Step-1 scores and volunteer experiences were small relative to the magnitude of accomplishments that these values represent. The growth rate of the proportion of women in orthopaedic residencies lags other surgical subspecialties but appears to be independent of academic metrics.
Pedaling-Based Protocol Superior to a 10-Exercise, Non-Pedaling Protocol for Postoperative Rehabilitation After Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Sattler Larissa Nicole , Hing Wayne Anthony , Vertullo Christopher John
Published: April 2019

Background:

Despite the routine use of physical therapy in the immediate and early postoperative phase for patients who undergo total knee replacement (TKR), there is a paucity of research into the optimal exercise protocols in both the acute inpatient setting and early period after discharge. Pedaling has often been recommended by clinicians after TKR for rehabilitation, but to our knowledge, there has been no investigation into its utility in the acute postoperative setting. Therefore, we performed a randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of pedaling in the acute postoperative period.

Methods:

Sixty TKR patients were randomized to receive postoperative physical therapy involving either a 3-exercise pedaling (pedaling-based) or 10-exercise, non-pedaling (multi-exercise) protocol. Outcomes were assessed at 2 days, 2 weeks, and 4 months, and included physical tests of function, patient-reported outcomes, and other perioperative measures.

Results:

With respect to the primary outcome, the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), the measured distance was significantly greater in the pedaling-based group than in the multi-exercise group at 2 days postoperatively (mean difference, 66 m; p = 0.001). Results of other functional tests, the 10-m walk test (10MWT) and the Timed Up & Go (TUG) test, were both significantly superior for the 3-exercise pedaling group at 2 days (p = 0.016 for 10MWT, and p = 0.020 for TUG), as was the patient-reported Oxford Knee Score (p = 0.034). The latter continued to be superior at 2 weeks (p = 0.007), as was the EQ-5D score (p = 0.037). The visual analogue scale (VAS) component of the EQ-5D was significantly better for the pedaling group at all time points assessed. Length of stay was also significantly shorter, by a half-day, for the pedaling-based group (median of 2.5 days compared with 3.0 days for the multi-exercise group; p = 0.024). The multi-exercise protocol was not superior for any outcome measure at any time point.

Conclusions:

A pedaling-based protocol in the immediate postoperative period after TKR was superior to a standard multi-exercise protocol in both functional and patient-reported outcomes, with these benefits decreasing over time.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Spine Roundtable: Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery for Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Palmer C. Travis , Sinkov Vladimir , DaCruz Jason , Bianculli Jessica D.
Published: April 2019

The purpose of the JOPA Roundtable discussion is to give orthopaedic physician assistants insight into how each participating editorial board member would treat certain clinical scenarios in his or her own current practice. For this Spine Roundtable, editorial board members with expertise in the spine will discuss minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) for lumbar interbody fusion. Participants will share their knowledge and experience on the topic.
Lebak Swamp Typology and Rice Production Potency in Jakabaring South Sumatra
Authors: Wildayana Elisa , Armanto M. Edi
Published: April 2019

The research aimed to compare lebak swamp typology and rice production potency before and after landfills in Jakabaring South Sumatra.  This study is a qualitative and quantitative research assisted with interpretation of Landsat images in 1987 and 2015. The research method was survey method in the fields and respondents were taken by randomly purposive sampling and by using open questionnaire. The research resulted that lebak swamp in Jakabaring can be divided into six typologies, namely lebak lebung, deep lebak, middle lebak, levee lebak, shallow lebak and dry land. After landfills, dry land covers an area of 1,964 ha (72.73%), while the lebak swamp was decreased by approximately 736 ha (27.27%). Before landfills, soil orders were found based on its dominance, namely Histosols, Entisols, Inceptisols and Gelisols. After landfills, composition of soil order is dominated by Entisol, Inceptisol, Gelisols and Histosols. Before landfills rice yields were produced about 3,240 tons of milled dry rice (MDR)/year, and potency rice production is now only about 506.25 tons of MDR/year.
DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGY LEARNING INSTRUCTIONAL TO INCREASE STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT AND SELF-DIRECTED BY SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS APPROACH
Authors: Putra Armansyah , Agustini Rudiana , Rahayu Yuni Sri
Published: April 2019

This research is aimed to develop biology learning materials in Junior High School for plants movement topic to increase students’ achievement and self-directed through Science Process Skill approach. This is development research refers to Kemp’s development model. The learning kit is taught in SMPN 1 Blega Bangkalan Madura for 28 students grade VIII employing science process skill approach. The research design uses One Group Pretest-Posttest and data is analyzed with the qualitative descriptive method. This research reveals that the implementation of learning kit is 83%, dominant student’s activities in 1st and 2nd learning process are observing (22% - 24%), most of the students have positive responses which are indicated by 99% of students expressing their like, the result of students’ learning mastery satisfies the classical criteria for 86%, the rate of students self-directed varies from 55,56% to 83,32%. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that the Development of Biology Learning Kit is feasible.

Keywords: Achievement, Self-directed, Science Process skill approach.
DESCRIPTION OF THE CONCEPTUAL CHANGES IN CHEMICAL PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS IN UNIVERSITY OF TANJUNG PURA USING LEARNING 5E CYCLE MODEL ON REACTION RATE MATERIALS
Authors: Sartika Rody Putra
Published: April 2019

This study aimed to describe the conceptual change of student before and after being taught through 5E learning cycle on the rate of reaction. One group pretest-posttest design was chosen as research design. The population consists of three classes students during the academic year of 2016/2017. According to saturation sampling technique, all of population then was chosen as samples. CRI Aided Achievement test was utilized to collect data about students’ conceptual change. The result showed that the conceptual shift was successfully confirmed. It was described according to five objectives. They were 1) objective of determining of the order of reaction which students gained 18.75 % improvement; 2) objective of determining the rate law which students gained 46.88 % improvement; 3) objective of determining the rate constant which students gained 15.62 % improvement; 4) objectives of determining the rate of a reaction which students gained 9.37 % improvement; and 5) objectives of determining the half-life which students gained 62.50 % improvement.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SCIENCE STUDENT WORKSHEET WITH COGNITIVE CONFLICT STRATEGIES TO REDUCE MISCONCEPTION ON HEAT CONCEPT
Authors: Haryono Heny Ekawati
Published: April 2019

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of science worksheets with cognitive conflict strategies to reduce student heat misconceptions. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 1 Lamongan by using one group pretest-posttest design. The data obtained in this study is quantitative data, and the number of students in VII grade is 50, students are called to complete the research if the proportion of correct answers is more significant than the standard achievement test. While the class is said to complete the study if 85% of students can reach the standard test criteria. The researcher obtained information about the level of mastery of students' concepts by using N-gain, one method in the descriptive qualitative analysis. It shows the different levels of student mastery before and after treatment given. The effectiveness of the Science Worksheet will be analyzed from the acquisition of learning outcomes. This yields 0.94 points which means that the value of N-Gain is in the sufficient category, it can be said that the application of the Science Worksheet with cognitive conflict strategies can reduce heat misconceptions of junior high school students.
Komunitas Pengabdi Seni Musik Tradisional Karinding di Kampung Jaha Tangerang
Authors: Asiyah Tyas Siti Nur , Musahwi Musahwi
Published: April 2019

The existence of music as a representation of traditional culture increasingly doubted by various parties. Especially when he has to deal with international music that has a modern genre. In Indonesia, in line with today's global culture, traditional music is slowly being forgotten. Even considered the music peripheral by his own generation because it is not in line with the latest music trends. Is a community of Barak Karinding that plays traditional musical instruments Karinding typical Sundanese, they try to fight the flow. It is important to be studied with regard to the understanding of Karinding musical art, as well as the social values of humanity (local wisdom) that they stretcher in daily life amid the onslaught of global music products today. The type of this research is qualitative, by trying to describe the phenomenon naturally based on the social setting as it is. The results of this study describes among others: a) Karinding music has value, Belief, Patience, Conscious. As a universal message of their music. b) loving art is loving humanity. That is, musical works are not created for the interests of the market as the mindstream of music today, but to develop constructive human beings.
Social Education of Early Marriage (Pre-Marriage Pregnancy in Gowa District, South Sulawesi)
Authors: Mukramin Sam’un , Halawatiah Halawatiah
Published: April 2019

Early marriage was underage marriage, one of the reasons for the occurrence of pre-marriage pregnancy in Indonesia. This research used descriptive qualitative method, with informants of early marriage, family of perpetrators, public figure and government agencies. Data collecting were using observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the factors causing the occurrence of early marriage due to: (i) the influence of promiscuity (dating); (ii). the influence of the development of information technology (internet and mass media); (iii). poor parental and community supervision; (iv). the availability of the affordable lodging facilities; (v) lack of adolescent religious understanding. Pre-marriage pregnancy is done through: (i). official marriage; (ii). the unacknowledged marriage of law or siri’; (iii). the process of eloping; and (iv). the contractual agreement between the parents.
MultiTex RCT – a multifaceted intervention package for protection against cotton dust exposure among textile workers – a cluster randomized controlled trial in Pakistan: study protocol
Authors: Nafees Asaad Ahmed , De Matteis Sara , Kadir Muhammad Masood , Burney Peter , Coggon David , Semple Sean , Cullinan Paul
Published: April 2019

Background

In the Pakistani textile industry the prevalence of workplace respiratory illnesses, including byssinosis, is high. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention package in reducing dust levels in cotton mills, decreasing the frequency of respiratory symptoms among cotton textile workers, and improving their lung function.

Methods/design

We will conduct a cluster-randomized controlled trial at 28 textile mills in Karachi. The intervention will comprise: training in occupational health for all workers and managers backed by regular refresher sessions; the formation of workplace committees to draw up, agree and promote a health and safety plan that includes wet mopping, safe disposal of cotton dust, and the use of simple face masks, as well as further publicity about the risks from cotton dust; and provision of adequate supplies of face masks to support the health and safety plan. Participating mills will be randomized to intervention and control arms following a baseline survey. The impact of the intervention will be determined through follow-up surveys conducted at 3, 12 and 18 months. Data collection in the surveys will include spirometry, questionnaire-based interviews and cotton dust measurements.

Discussion

If successful, the study may pave the way for simple, low-cost interventions that can help reduce cotton dust levels in textile mills, and improve the respiratory health of textile workers in developing countries such as Pakistan.
Cover Crop Biomass Production in Temperate Agroecozones
Authors: Ruis Sabrina J. , Blanco‐Canqui Humberto , Creech Cody F. , Koehler‐Cole Katja , Elmore Roger W. , Francis Charles A.
Published: April 2019

Core Ideas

Cover crop (CC) biomass production across temperate regions averaged 3.37 ± 2.96 Mg ha−1.

Ten high‐biomass producing CCs in temperate ecoregions were in this order: sorghum > sunn hemp > millet > rye > mixes > crimson clover > barley = hairy vetch > annual ryegrass > oat.

Cover crop biomass production was greater in humid than semiarid regions and in areas with relatively high mean temperatures.

Cover crop biomass production by cropping system was in this order: vegetables > other systems > maize > small grains.

Cover crop biomass production generally increased with drill‐planting and increased seeding rate and growing season.

Cover crop (CC) biomass production dictates agricultural and environmental services that CCs deliver, but finding a review on this topic is difficult. We synthesized published data on CC biomass production for 20 common CC species in temperate regions and discussed factors affecting CC biomass production. Review of 389 papers indicated CC biomass production was 3.37 ± 2.96 Mg ha−1 (mean ± SD). Cover crop biomass production for the top five biomass‐producing species was: sorghum (Sorghum sp.) (5.99 Mg ha−1) > sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) (5.77 Mg ha−1) > millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) (4.95 Mg ha−1) > rye (Secale cereale L.) (4.93 Mg ha−1) > two‐species mix (4.18 Mg ha−1). In humid regions (>750 mm precipitation), CC biomass production ranged from 1.67 to 6.30 Mg ha−1 depending on species. In regions with <750 mm precipitation, CC biomass production ranged from 0.87 to 6.03 Mg ha−1. Cover crop biomass production was in this order by cropping system: vegetables > other systems [soybean (Glycine max L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), and others] > maize (Zea mays L.) > small grains. Rye was among the most common and highest biomass producing species in most regions and cropping systems. Drill‐planting and maximizing CC growing season, such as early planting or late termination, can increase CC biomass production. Irrigation at establishment increased CC biomass production for legumes and mixes in humid regions, and all CC groups in semiarid regions. Overall, CCs can produce significant amount of biomass, but this can be highly dependent on climate, CC species, cropping system, and management.
Isolation Distances for Transgenic Alfalfa Seed Production in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Kesoju Sandya R. , Greene Stephanie L. , Martin Ruth C. , Kramer Matthew , Walsh Douglas B. , Boydston Rick A.
Published: April 2019

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was the first perennial crop genetically engineered (GE) to resist glyphosate herbicide. Since alfalfa is insect pollinated, the potential for transgene flow and occurrence of adventitious presence (AP) in conventional varieties is a concern, especially for organic and export producers. In response, the industry developed seed production isolation distances. However, no landscape‐scale studies have been conducted to validate industry standards. Our objective was to quantify the extent of gene movement from GE seed fields to commercial conventional seed fields on a landscape level to provide the industry with information to support coexistence strategies. Alfalfa seed fields were mapped in the Touchet area, Walla Walla Valley, Washington, during spring 2013. Fourteen conventional seed fields located at various distances from GE sources were identified, harvested, and tested for the presence of the GE trait. Although other variables affect gene flow, this article focuses on geographic distance, since this variable can be easily controlled by growers and industry. Using distance as the predictor variable, we modeled the relationship between AP proportion and distance to GE source fields at 0.1, 0.5, and 0.9% AP threshold levels using quadratic regression. As distance increased, transgene flow generally decreased. At a threshold level of 0.9% AP, an isolation distance of 330 m between conventional and GE fields is needed to ensure that at least 95% of the samples fall below this threshold level. Spatial prediction maps were consistent with our statistical analysis. At an average distance of 2.2 km, AP was 0.05%, and this decreased to 0.03% at an average distance of 8.8 km from GE seed fields.
Menyiasati Rayuan Gombal Daya Tarik Duniawi (Sebuah Kajian Psiko-Filosofis dan Etis-Spiritual)
Authors: Fios Frederikus
Published: April 2019

The reality of the world is characterized by a cheesy seduction of attraction (temptation) that is very tempting every human. Temptations are full of charm, interesting, and contain a tremendous magnetism. Among the existing seductions, the appeal of power, sex, and wealth are three types of temptations that most often attract human attention. When a man drowned to follow the temptations, sooner or later he will experience individual and social destruction. Human tends to be selfish, hedonistic, and power abusive. These human’s actions are away from the principles of ethical-spiritual. A psycho-philosophical perspective is used as an entry point to understand the temptations referred, and with ethical-spiritual paradigm as a solution to resolve them. Humans are expected to be more mature in dealing with the temptations elegantly, and to wisely and ethically live life in dignity as spiritual beings.
Gambaran Perilaku Ramah Lingkungan Mahasiswa Binus Ditinjau dari Tingkat Kesadaran Lingkungan
Authors: Pane Murty Magda
Published: April 2019

Environmental quality of Jakarta has further experienced decline. It is time for the society of Jakarta has higher environmental awareness, reflected from the frequent of friendly environmental behavior implemented. To intervene so that people behave environmentally friendly is certainly not easy, but the intervention can begin by getting an overview for environmental behavior of the society. This intervention can be initiated from public intellectuals. Binus students, as young intellectuals considering as one of the largest population in Jakarta, have great potentials in initiating interventions that lead to the formation of urban eco-friendly behavior to determine Jakarta. As the appropriate intervention, it requires initial overview of environmental behavior of Binus students. Hence this study took students in second semester as respondents. The objective of this study is to get the illustration of the level of environmental awareness of the students. Afterwards it is expected to be the basis for further research to determine appropriate interventions. This study used quantitative method to determine the level of environmental awareness of the respondent. While the results showed that the respondents' level of environmental awareness is still below the expectancy level.
Menciptakan Karakter yang Menarik dalam Penulisan Naskah Film
Authors: Sasongko Hario
Published: April 2019

The main character in a movie is the central to the film itself. Generally, a movie tells the story of a specific character. The character can be drawn from figures that exist in the real world or a fictional character. Thus, the success of a movie is always directly proportional to the success of a movie script writer in formulating the main character in the movie. By the increasing of techniques of writing a story, it can be determined how to make characters to be interesting in a movie script.