bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Translational Quotient as an Innovative Outcome Parameter to Assess the Effectiveness of Training Methods: A Feasibility Study in Assessing the Baseline Psychiatric Skills of Primary Care Doctors in their Real-world Live Outpatient Clinic
Authors: Singhal Priyanka , Sethi Manik Inder Singh , Shadakshari Darshan , Rayaji Shaktidevi G. , Banavaram Aravind B. A. , Gautham Melur Sukumar , Pradeep Banandur S. , Manjunatha Narayana , Kumar Channaveerachari Naveen , Math Suresh Bada
Published: October 2024

Background:

The effectiveness of training methods in medical education is critical, particularly for primary care physicians (PCPs) who frequently encounter psychiatric issues in their practice. Traditional assessment methods often fail to evaluate skill acquisition in real-world clinical practice. The Translational Quotient (TQ) is proposed as an innovative outcome measure to assess PCPs’ ability to apply psychiatric skills in their live outpatient consultation among their general patients. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of using the TQ in real-world outpatient clinics and to understand the baseline psychiatric skills among PCPs using TQ.

Methods:

Actively practicing MBBS-qualified PCPs enrolled in the Diploma in Primary Care Psychiatry (DPCP) program across various districts were invited to participate. Baseline TQ assessments were conducted in the PCPs’ live clinics, with psychiatrists observing live consultations either remotely or in-person for the first five consecutive general consultations. Each consultation was scored using a standardized TQ proforma, which evaluated six criteria: elicitation of psychiatric symptoms, clinical reasoning, medication choices, counseling, time management, and overall clinical skills.

Results:

A total of 25 PCPs participated, with an average baseline TQ score of 15.7% (4.72 out of 30). Most participants (72%) scored 5 or less, highlighting significant gaps in psychiatric skills. Analysis revealed no significant associations between TQ scores and PCP demographics such as age, gender, and prior psychiatric training, but regional differences were noted, with lower scores in Karnataka compared to Bihar.

Conclusions:

The TQ is a feasible and practical tool for assessing real-world psychiatric skills among PCPs. The baseline scores indicate a pressing need for targeted psychiatric training to bridge the treatment gap in primary care. Future training programs should focus on enhancing diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, and patient communication to improve mental healthcare outcomes in primary care settings.
Operational Efficiency and Malmquist Productivity of Indian Banks: A Comparison Between Public and Private Sector Banks
Authors: Kundu Sayantan , Banerjee Aditya
Published: October 2024

The article analyses the operational efficiency of Indian scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) using data from a sample of 35 Indian SCBs, comprising 19 public sector banks (PSBs) and 16 private sector banks (PVBs), in the period between 2010 and 2019. The research uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) to estimate the efficiency of PSBs in comparison with PVBs. The impact of the drivers of efficiency measures is analysed using the Tobit regression, while the Malmquist DEA is used to calculate the overall change in efficiency and productivity over the same time period. Finally, the rate of change in efficiency/productivity is examined with seemingly unrelated regression models. Findings suggest that while the total factor productivity of PSBs’ improved over the last decade, their performance, when compared to PVBs, is poor. This research indicates the relative inefficiency of PSBs and emphasizes the need for attention to this sector. It empirically discovers that PSBs that are larger and older are relatively more efficient, thereby supporting the government policy of PSB mergers.
Riding out the Storm: How State-Owned Enterprises in China Fought the COVID Crisis
Authors: Qi Hao , Li Zhongjin , He Ningzhi
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted economic and social activities worldwide, exposing and exacerbating inherent flaws in the capitalist system. The pandemic’s devastating impact highlights the need for the state and its institutional agencies to actively intervene in public health crises and mitigate the economic damage they cause. This article situates the effectiveness and contribution of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the context of the COVID crisis in China. It first examines how SOEs successfully mobilized their productive capacity at the beginning of the pandemic. Using empirical evidence from publicly listed companies, we then demonstrate how SOEs engaged in countercyclical investment when private investment collapsed. The evidence suggests that SOEs served as a crucial instrument in strengthening social and economic stability, which helped China ride out the COVID storm. We conclude that SOEs are vital for achieving stable social and economic performance in a neoliberal global economy.

JEL Classification: E11, O47, P31
Propositions for anticolonial belonging in Canadian early childhood environmental education
Authors: Nxumalo Fikile , Nayak Preeti
Published: October 2024

This article puts forward modes of belonging that hold potential for enacting environmental education for socio-ecological justice. The focus is on orientations that can shift the experiences of young, racialized immigrant children living and learning in settler colonial Canada, where neoliberal multiculturalism has a strong hold on early childhood education. As an antidote, three interconnected pedagogical orientations towards belonging are offered: anticolonial place relations, multispecies flourishing, and affective micropolitics. The article concludes on both the challenges and liberatory possibilities of shifting environmental education for young, racialized immigrant children away from neoliberal multicultural inclusion and its reinforcement of settler colonial logics.
The relevance of shock absorber friction on the total friction of a MacPherson suspension system during lateral manoeuvres
Authors: Deubel Clemens , Prokop Günther
Published: October 2024

The friction potential of the suspension is typically considered to be invariant as the vertical dynamics of a vehicle are analysed. However, the current research on MacPherson suspensions indicates a strong dependence of the suspension friction on the present driving situation, which is primarily characterised by the wheel deflection relative to the chassis, and the tyre forces. Although it is well known that the shock absorber is generally subjected to side loads that can vary and initiate a certain amount of friction, the precise contribution of the shock absorber friction to the total suspension friction has yet to be investigated in detail. It is therefore essential to conduct a quantitative study on the importance of the shock absorber in the context of specific driving situations regarding the development of new, friction optimised shock absorber generations. The present study investigates the relationship between total suspension friction and the friction of the shock absorber, with a particular focus on the case of wheel lateral forces that aim to represent a simplified cornering manoeuvre of the vehicle. This is realised by using a multi-body simulation approach and a strain gauge application in order to estimate the side force at the shock absorber’s top mount. Subsequently, the shock absorber friction is determined using a test setup that considers the realistic load and mounting situation from the perspective of the MacPherson suspension subsystem. The combination of simulation and shock absorber friction measurement is sufficient to fully explain the characteristic friction trend on suspension (subsystem) level. The contribution of the shock absorber friction to the total suspension friction is determined to be a maximum of 80%, emphasising the importance of considering the side force at the shock absorber while aiming for suspension friction minimisation and ride comfort performance enhancement. On the other hand, the shock absorber’s contribution is also observed to be limited depending on the actual wheel force, indicating that the friction of the other components remains a crucial factor in the MacPherson suspension concept.
Six Basic Rules of Palliative Care and Their Buddhist Counterparts
Authors: Walker Jonathan D. , Radwany Steven
Published: October 2024

As healthcare workers in palliative care, every day brings its share of awfulness and beauty, suffering and connection, meaning and cynicism. Without a way to support ourselves, we cannot help our patients, let alone one another. But how do we cope? Despite the unpredictability inherent in our work, we can discern certain patterns that offer an approach for dealing with these stressors. These patterns can be summarized into six simple rules of palliative care—rules that are coterminous with the teachings of Buddhism. Recognizing the synergy between our role in palliative care and ancient observations about dealing with life’s difficulties can help us with the stress of providing conscientious care within a system that relentlessly tries to stop us from doing so. Such considerations offer one of many paths we might choose to cope with this challenging work.
The role of consciousness in adaptive behaviour: A philosophy for the science of animal consciousness
Authors: Veit Walter
Published: October 2024

What is the role of consciousness in nature? The science of consciousness has largely neglected the question through its emphasis on human experience. In this précis of A Philosophy for the Science of Animal Consciousness, I outline how we can move from a top-down approach that begins with investigations in humans to an evolutionary bottom-up approach that targets the adaptive origins of even the most minimal forms of subjective experience. I will also offer an introduction to the central thesis of the book, that is, the pathological complexity thesis, according to which consciousness evolved in order to enable animals to adaptively respond to their life history challenges.
Electrocoagulation Therapy for Urethral Condyloma Acuminata in a Male Patient: Case Report
Authors: El Omri Ghassane , Rais Hamza , Taghouan Anas , Rachid Moussaab , Houry Younes , Heddat Abdeljalil
Published: October 2024

Condyloma acuminata (CA) is a common manifestation of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection affecting the urogenital tract. While external genital lesions are frequently encountered, urethral involvement presents a therapeutic challenge due to the risk of recurrence and long-term complications such as urethral stricture. We present a case of urethral condyloma acuminata in a 43-year-old male patient who demonstrated favorable progression following electrocoagulation therapy. The patient presented with urethrorrhagia and lower urinary tract symptoms, with subsequent diagnosis confirmed via urological examination. Negative results from extensive microbiological testing supported the diagnosis. Treatment involved biopsy excision combined with electrocoagulation, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms without recurrence at 2-month follow-up. This case underscores the importance of individualized treatment strategies for intraurethral condyloma acuminata and highlights electrocoagulation therapy as a viable option with favorable outcomes.
Characteristics and influencing factors of posttraumatic growth in young and middle-aged cancer patients: A cross-sectional latent profile analysis
Authors: Wang Shuman , Ge Rong , Xu Wenjie , Zheng Mimi , Xiang Lina , Zhu Yu , Wan Hongwei
Published: October 2024

This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the subgroups of posttraumatic growth (PTG) among young and middle-aged cancer patients in China and to explore influencing factors. A total of 378 young and middle-aged cancer patients aged 18–60 were selected for the study at a hospital in Shanghai, China. Latent profile analysis identified four categories of PTG among young and middle-aged cancer patients: the “predicament group” (5.9%), the “struggle group” (36.8%), the “limited growth group” (44.1%) and the “remarkable growth group” (13.2%). Age, gender, time since diagnosis, cancer site, primary/recurrence, and meaning in life significantly influenced the distribution of PTG in young and middle-aged cancer patients. Targeted interventions should be developed to enhance the level of PTG among this population, considering the specific characteristics and influencing factors within each profile.
Negotiated authenticity: An ethnographic study by an onlyfans girl
Authors: Benjamin Melody
Published: October 2024

Following in-depth interviews with users and my own experiences as an adult content creator, this study explores authenticity on Onlyfans. I develop the term negotiated authenticity to explain the process whereby subscribers and creators make active and passive choices and take on collaborative or solitary roles in negotiating a satisfying fantasy of authenticity. Understanding authenticity as a social construction, this work challenges the conventional understanding of sex work services and products. Moving beyond the real or fake binary in pornography, negotiated authenticity frames sex work as a relational and creative performance of the self.
Selling Spectacular Spaces: Hybridized Sport and Space in the Imagination of Enclaved Residential Living in India
Authors: Waldman Devra
Published: October 2024

This article explores the (dis)connections between urban housing development, (post)colonial legacies and expressions of space, and how ideas of sport and leisure are mobilized in the imagination of gated residential living in Gurgaon, India. Focused on the building of large-scale enclaved development built around golf and polo brands and identities, I challenge common analyses of gated residential complexes as examples of the imposition of neoliberal urban development agendas, or as a manifestation of new forms of architectural colonialism. Utilizing Homi Bhabha’s theorization of hybridity, I show how constructing a hierarchical, sport-based, all-encompassing mini-city is reflective of a localized response to middle-class perceptions of the failure of the state to control and develop the city, that also architecturally references urban mega projects unfolding across Asia. In addition, reflecting on the selective referencing of polo and golf brands/identities in both their past (colonial) and contemporary expressions, I argue sport is mobilized to create new forms of urban living attached with new meanings for consumers. Considered together, I assert the lens of hybridity destabilizes understandings of both sport and gated communities as (neo)colonial and neoliberal by-products by illustrating how these institutions are taken up and remade through colonial and postcolonial transmissions.
The fluidity of soft power in YouTube’s broadcast of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games
Authors: Lopez-Mugica Joaquin , Whyke Thomas William , White Andrew , Dean Levi
Published: October 2024

In an era of heightened geopolitical tension, marked by a dynamic power shift between the West and China, the 2022 Winter Olympic Games emerged as a focal point of diplomatic contention. Several Western nations signalled their dissent through diplomatic boycotts, while China, conversely, seized this platform to strategically enhance its soft power. This paper explores how the Chinese government utilized the 2022 Winter Olympic Games’ opening ceremony as a canvas for the portrayal of its national image, and examines the resonance of this portrayal with the global audience. The opening ceremony provided China with an unrivalled opportunity to express its cultural identity, political ideology and aspirations to an international audience. Consequently, this research delves into the intangible aspects of media and image perception, with a particular focus on the role of YouTube as a repository for live streams from the traditional broadcaster, Eurosport. It is crucial to understand that the depiction of national image and its perception by a global audience are not static, but fluid concepts, constantly shaped by the socio-political context. Therefore, this paper contributes to a nuanced understanding of the fluidity inherent in the construction and projection of China’s soft power. It sheds light on the intricate choreography of international diplomacy, media strategy and national branding.
The impact of urban form on the energy efficiency of residential buildings in a hot climate. Case study: Ouargla city
Authors: Djeddou Bouthaina , Daich Safa , Femmam Asma
Published: October 2024

Urban development is intensifying significantly in cities, mainly due to rapid population growth. However, this development is accompanied by increased vulnerability to climate change, leading to higher energy consumption. This energy demand is even more pronounced in hot climates, where temperatures are very high during the summer season. The Algerian Sahara is no exception, and is experiencing very accelerated development, which has given rise to the appearance of new urban districts, and different urban characteristics compared to the original core, which constitutes the urban form most adapted to the desert climate and in perfect harmony with the immediate environment. This study attempts to assess the effect of the different urban forms that make up the fabric of the city of Ouargla in south-east Algeria, taken as a case study, on the energy consumption of buildings in a hot climate. This research adopts a mixed approach to evaluate the energy consumption of three buildings located in three neighbourhoods with different urban characteristics. A quantitative estimate of the energy consumed for cooling during the summer season for the three typical buildings selected was simulated using DesignBuilder software, taking into account the city’s specific climatic data, as well as the urban characteristics of the three neighbourhoods selected for the study. As a result, this evaluation covers both the architectural and urban scales. For the qualitative assessment, a field survey was carried out using questionnaires to assess the quality of thermal comfort outside neighbourhoods and its impact on building interiors, and consequently on energy consumption. The results indicate the significant effect of urban form on energy consumption, confirming that the traditional form is the most appropriate to achieve better energy efficiency in a hot climate. Therefore, the research recommends taking into account various influential factors and applying design strategies, regarding urban form, from the first stage of the design process.
Status and challenges of e-governance in higher education institutes of Pakistan
Authors: Sajid Muhammad , Yousaf Ammara , Awan Muhammad Usman
Published: October 2024

Educational institutions, which are crucial to a nation’s development, are also adopting e-governance principles and best practices. It is vital to find out the opinions of main personnel of higher educational institutions regarding the challenges they face in implementing e-governance for efficient university operations. Data was collected from 32 participants (teachers, registrars, librarians) from eight universities in Pakistan. Researchers used semi-structured interview protocols to collect data. We carried out thematic analysis for conclusions through interviews. It is explored that e-governance is being implemented in various universities’ operations. Students are provided facilities of e-governance in admissions, academic matters, examinations, and library. Teachers are provided facilities of e-governance in salary disbursements, attendance, communication, online classes, examinations and grading. Moreover, to implement e-governance the departments of universities face internet-based infrastructural, financial, technological, human, and developmental challenges. Findings of this study may well be used by universities’ stakeholders and administrators to understand well about the current status of e-governance in the universities. Moreover, they may well be able to better understand what advanced digital tools can be used to enhance the efficiency of e-governance systems. This study highlighted the status and challenges of e-governance in Higher Education on the stakeholders of Pakistani universities.
Pregnancy, Birth, and Postpartum Experiences of Women Who Were Diagnosed with COVID-19 During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study in Turkey
Authors: Gozuyesil Ebru , Sulu Dursun Rukiye , Gokyildiz Surucu Sule , Avcibay Vurgec Burcu
Published: October 2024

This study utilized a qualitative study design to determine the pregnancy, birth, and postpartum experiences of women who were diagnosed with COVID-19 during pregnancy in Turkey. Interviews were conducted with 14 women using the semi-structured interview technique to evaluate their “pregnancy,”“birth,” and “postpartum” experiences. Data were analyzed using qualitative thematic and content analysis methods. Content analysis of the data revealed four main themes. The themes were as follows: Support for a positive pregnancy experience, uncertainty and fear of the COVID-19 diagnosis, effects of the COVID-19 diagnosis on the birth experience, and effects of the COVID-19 diagnosis on postpartum experiences. The results of this study showed that antenatal care expectations of women during pregnancy could not be met, they could not access reliable information, they experienced disruptions in their follow-ups, they were anxious about their own health and the health of their babies, and they had decreased social interaction.
Survival and Prognostic Factors After Surgery in Single Spinal Metastasis: Comparison of Isolated-Single Spinal Metastasis and Single Spinal Metastasis With Other Metastasis
Authors: Kim Hyun-Jun , Park Jin-Sung , Park Se-Jun , Kang Dong-Ho , Lee Chong-Suh
Published: October 2024

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the survival period in patients with a single spinal metastasis (SSM), subsequently comparing those with isolated-single spinal metastasis (I-SSM) and single spinal metastasis with other metastasis (O-SSM) after surgery, and to identify prognostic factors affecting their survival.

Methods

A total of 135 patients were included, with 24 patients in the I-SSM group and 111 in the O-SSM group. Survival analysis was utilized to assess the survival of SSM patients, followed by a comparison of survival rates between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify significant prognostic factors for survival.

Results

The overall median survival period for patients with single spinal metastasis (SSM) was 10.2 ± 1.8 months. Specifically, the median survival was 15.7 ± 5.7 months in the I-SSM group and 10.2 ± 1.5 months in the O-SSM group. The difference in survival periods between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P = 0.345). Significant independent prognostic factors for survival included preoperative Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) of 50 – 70 (OR 0.51, P = 0.017) and 80 – 100 (OR 0.46, P = 0.012), postoperative ambulatory status (OR 1.19, P = 0.028), and primary malignancy site [Group B (OR 2.67, P = 0.021), Group C (OR 2.90, P = 0.016)].

Conclusions

Patients with SSM have a median survival of 10.2 months, with no significant difference in postoperative survival between the I-SSM and O-SSM groups. Significant prognostic factors influencing the survival period after surgery include preoperative KPS, postoperative ambulatory status, and the primary malignancy site.
Unravelling the microbiome of wild flowering plants: a comparative study of leaves and flowers in alpine ecosystems
Authors: Ramakrishnan Dinesh Kumar , Jauernegger Franziska , Hoefle Daniel , Berg Christian , Berg Gabriele , Abdelfattah Ahmed
Published: October 2024

Background

While substantial research has explored rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbiomes, knowledge on flower microbiome, particularly in wild plants remains limited. This study explores into the diversity, abundance, and composition of bacterial and fungal communities on leaves and flowers of wild flowering plants in their natural alpine habitat, considering the influence of environmental factors.

Methods

We investigated 50 wild flowering plants representing 22 families across seven locations in Austria. Sampling sites encompassed varied soil types (carbonate/silicate) and altitudes (450–2760 m). Amplicon sequencing to characterize bacterial and fungal communities and quantitative PCR to assess microbial abundance was applied, and the influence of biotic and abiotic factors assessed.

Results

Our study revealed distinct bacterial and fungal communities on leaves and flowers, with higher diversity and richness on leaves (228 fungal and 91 bacterial ASVs) than on flowers (163 fungal and 55 bacterial ASVs). In addition, Gammaproteobacteria on flowers and Alphaproteobacteria on leaves suggests niche specialization for plant compartments. Location significantly shaped both community composition and fungal diversity on both plant parts. Notably, soil type influenced community composition but not diversity. Altitude was associated with increased fungal species diversity on leaves and flowers. Furthermore, significant effects of plant family identity emerged within a subset of seven families, impacting bacterial and fungal abundance, fungal Shannon diversity, and bacterial species richness, particularly on flowers.

Conclusion

This study provides novel insights into the specific microbiome of wild flowering plants, highlighting adaptations to local environments and plant–microbe coevolution. The observed specificity indicates a potential role in plant health and resilience, which is crucial for predicting how microbiomes respond to changing environments, ultimately aiding in the conservation of natural ecosystems facing climate change pressures.
Early prehospital mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation use for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: an observational study
Authors: Liu Ying-Kuo , Chen Liang-Fu , Huang Szu-Wei , Hsu Shih-Chan , Hsu Chin-Wang , Sun Jen-Tang , Chang Shu-Hui
Published: October 2024

Background

The use of mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation device has been very prevalent in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest rescue. This study aimed to investigate whether the timing of mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation device set-up correlated with the the outcome of cardiac arrest patients.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed adult nontrauma cardiac arrest cases in New Taipei City, Taiwan, from January to December 2022. Demographic data, intervention-related factors, and the time variables of mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation were collected. The outcomes included the return of spontaneous circulation and 24-hour survival. We compared patients who achieved spontaneous circulation and those who did not with univariate and multivariable regression analyses.

Results

In total, 1680 patients who received mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation were included in the analysis. Reducing the time interval from manual chest compression initiation to device setup was independently associated with the return of spontaneous circulation and 24-hour survival, especially in the subgroup of patients of initial shockable rhythm. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the outcome of patients with an initial shockable rhythm could be predicted by the mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation setup time, with areas under the curve of 60.8% and 63.9% for ROSC and 24-hour survival, respectively. The cutoff point was 395.5 s for patients with an initial shockable rhythm.

Conclusion

A positive correlation was found between early mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation intervention and the outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The time between manual chest compression and device setup could predict the return of spontaneous circulation and 24-hour survival in the subgroup of patients with initially shockable rhythm with the optimal cutoff point at 395.5 s.
Risk factors for hospitalisation in community-dwelling pre-frail and frail older people: results of a longitudinal study
Authors: van der Velde M. G. A. M. , Op Het Veld L. P. M. , van Rossum E. , Jansen M. A. C. , Haak H. R. , Kremers M. N. T.
Published: October 2024

Background

Older adults account for a large proportion of hospital admissions. In this study we aim to bridge a gap between medical and psychosocial factors in predicting hospitalisation.

Methods

Demographic and social characteristics of community-dwelling pre-frail and frail older people were collected by questionnaires every six months during a two year follow-up. Hospital admission within this period was dichotomised as yes/no. To define pre-frailty and frailty the Fried frailty criteria were used. Analysis of risk factors for hospitalisation was performed using multivariable logistic regression.

Results

Hospitalised participants (n = 1803) were more often male and frail in comparison to not-hospitalised participants. They also experienced more chronic diseases (54.5% ≥ 4 chronic diseases), poorer self-perceived health (SPH) (76.4% fair to very poor) and lack of informal care (20.1%). In multivariable logistic regression male gender (Odds ratio (OR) 1.65, p < 0.001), frailty (vs. pre-frailty) (OR 1.66, p = 0.002), reporting lower SPH (OR 3.12, p < 0.001) and lacking informal care (OR 1.69, p < 0.001) showed significant associations with hospital admission. Subgroup analysis of pre-frail and frail participants, showed consistent associations between male gender (respectively OR 1.61, p < 0.001 ; OR 1.72, p = 0.085), lower SPH (OR 2.23, p = 0.001; OR 31.16, p < 0.001), lack of informal care (OR 1.64, p = 0.005; OR 2.63, p = 0.012) and hospitalisation.

Conclusion

Frailty, male gender, lower SPH and lack of informal care are risk factors for hospitalisation within community-dwelling older people, showing the need of a holistic approach to possibly prevent hospitalisation. Further research should focus on evaluating individual factors for hospitalisation, particularly targeting pre-frail individuals.
SEC14L3 knockdown inhibited clear cell renal cell carcinoma proliferation, metastasis and sunitinib resistance through an SEC14L3/RPS3/NFκB positive feedback loop
Authors: Jiang Ziming , Yang Guangcan , Wang Guangchun , Wan Jiayi , Zhang Yifan , Song Wei , Zhang Houliang , Ni Jinliang , Zhang Haipeng , Luo Ming , Wang Keyi , Peng Bo
Published: October 2024

Background

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) arises from the renal parenchymal epithelium and is the predominant malignant entity of renal cancer, exhibiting increasing incidence and mortality rates over time. SEC14-like 3 (SEC14L3) has emerged as a compelling target for cancer intervention; nevertheless, the precise clinical implications and molecular underpinnings of SEC14L3 in ccRCC remain elusive.

Methods

By leveraging clinical data and data from the TCGA-ccRCC and GEO datasets, we investigated the association between SEC14L3 expression levels and overall survival rates in ccRCC patients. The biological role and mechanism of SEC14L3 in ccRCC were investigated via in vivo and in vitro experiments. Moreover, siRNA-SEC14L3@PDA@MUC12 nanoparticles (SSPM-NPs) were synthesized and assessed for their therapeutic potential against SEC14L3 through in vivo and in vitro assays.

Results

Our investigation revealed upregulated SEC14L3 expression in ccRCC tissues, and exogenous downregulation of SEC14L3 robustly suppressed the malignant traits of ccRCC cells. Mechanistically, knocking down SEC14L3 facilitated the ubiquitination-mediated degradation of ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3) and augmented IκBα accumulation in ccRCC. This concerted action thwarted the nuclear translocation of P65, thereby abrogating the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling pathway and impeding ccRCC cell proliferation and metastasis. Furthermore, diminished SEC14L3 levels exerted a suppressive effect on NFKB1 expression within the NFκB signaling cascade. NFKB1 functions as a transcriptional regulator capable of binding to the SEC14L3 enhancer and promoter, thereby promoting SEC14L3 expression. Consequently, the inhibition of SEC14L3 expression was further potentiated, thus forming a positive feedback loop. Additionally, we observed that downregulation of SEC14L3 significantly increased the sensitivity of ccRCC cells to sunitinib. The evaluation of SSPM-NPs nanotherapy highlighted its effectiveness in combination with sunitinib for inhibiting ccRCC growth.

Conclusion

Our findings not only underscore the promise of SEC14L3 as a therapeutic target but also unveil an SEC14L3/RPS3/NFκB positive feedback loop that curtails ccRCC progression. Modulating SEC14L3 expression to engage this positive feedback loop might herald novel avenues for ccRCC treatment.
Do preterm infants’ retinas like bovine colostrum? A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Farag Marwa Mohamed , Thabet Mohamed Alaa Eldin Hassan , Ahmed Islam SH , Hanafi Nesrine Fathi , Elsawy Walaa Samy , Mohamed Eman Shabban
Published: October 2024

Background

Bovine colostrum (BC) with liposomal delivery system (LDS) is a promising supplement to premature infant formula in absence of mother own milk. We propose that BC with LDS can target multiple etiological factors that threaten the developing retina, making premature infant less liable for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of BC with LDS in the prevention of ROP.

Methods

This was a single center, randomized, controlled trial. Two hundred and eleven preterm infants of gestational age ≤ 32weeks were admitted to the NICU of Alexandria University Children Hospital, Egypt, and randomly allocated into either non-BC group (n = 105) or BC group (n = 106). Patients in BC group received 3.5 ml /kg/day of BC for 14 days. All patients were monitored for development of ROP, anemia, late onset sepsis (LOS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), in addition to growth assessment. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors predicting ROP development.

Results

Compared with the non-BC group, BC group was associated with a significantly lower incidence of ROP (5/100 vs. 16/100, respectively) with a p-value of 0.033. The administration of BC significantly decreased serum C- reactive protein (CRP) level and increased weight on day-14 of the study in comparison with the CRP level and birthweight at the beginning of study, with Cohen’s D= -0.184, D = -2.246, respectively. Patients with suspected sepsis were significantly less in BC than non-BC group, p = 0.004. Patients with BC had significantly higher hemoglobin level on day-14 than non-BC-group, with median (IQR) 12.2 (11.0–13.9) and 11.7 (10.5–12.9), respectively. BC intake is one of factors that decreased development of ROP in univariate analysis. Nevertheless, weight gain and birth weight were the most significant factors affecting ROP development in multivariate-regression model.

Conclusion

BC may reduce the incidence of ROP in preterm neonates aged ≤ 32 weeks. This might be due to keeping better Hb level and growth rate, as well as anti-inflammatory properties through its ability to decrease CRP level.

Trial registration

This work was registered on 06/13/2022 in clinicaltrial.gov with ID no.: NCT05438680 and URL:https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05438680?term=NCT05438680&draw=2&rank=1.
Fecal glycoprotein 2 is a marker of gut microbiota dysbiosis and systemic inflammation
Authors: Frost Fabian , Weiss Stefan , Hertel Johannes , Rühlemann Malte , Bang Corinna , Franke Andre , Nauck Matthias , Dörr Marcus , Völzke Henry , Roggenbuck Dirk , Schierack Peter , Völker Uwe , Homuth Georg , Aghdassi Ali A. , Sendler Matthias , Lerch Markus M. , Weiss Frank U.
Published: October 2024

Background

Antimicrobial autoantigenic glycoprotein 2 (GP2) is an important component of the innate immune system which originates from the exocrine pancreas as well as from the small intestines. The relationship of GP2 with the intestinal microbiome as well as the systemic implications of increased fecal GP2 levels are, however, still unclear. Therefore, fecal samples from 2,812 individuals of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) were collected to determine GP2 levels (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and gut microbiota profiles (16 S rRNA gene sequencing). These data were correlated and associated with highly standardised and comprehensive phenotypic data of the study participants.

Results

Fecal GP2 levels were increased in individuals with higher body mass index and smokers, whereas lower levels were found in case of preserved exocrine pancreatic function, female sex or a healthier diet. Moreover, higher GP2 levels were associated with increased serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, loss of gut microbial diversity and an increase of potentially detrimental bacteria (Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Clostridium XIVa, or Collinsella). At the same time, predicted microbial pathways for the biosynthesis of beneficial short-chain fatty acids or lactic acid were depleted in individuals with high fecal GP2. Of note, GP2 exhibited a stronger association to overall microbiome variation than calprotectin.

Conclusion

Fecal GP2 is a biomarker of gut microbiota dysbiosis and associated with increased systemic inflammation. The intestines may be more important as origin for GP2 than pancreatic acinar cells. Future studies need to investigate the potential clinical value in disease specific patient cohorts.
Development of PCM tile for residential buildings in hot and dry climate: design and optimization
Authors: D. Prakash , R. Vishore Krishnan , S. Rizwan Ahamed , H. Roger Arnold
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the building sector has become more conscious of sustainability, and the use of phase change materials (PCMs) in concrete has gained more attraction. Integration of PCM with building facades is a successful method to reduce energy consumption and improve human comfort. However, no single PCM can work in an all-weather scenario. Hence, in this research work, an attempt is made to select a suitable PCM for Chennai city, India, and this methodology can be employed at any geographical location. The PCM tile is designed by including certain features to increase the thermal conductivity of the PCM zone. The optimum design of the PCM tile is achieved through multi-objective optimization techniques. L27 orthogonal array is employed, and all the tests were conducted through validated numerical simulation. Redesigned PCM tile includes a PCM layer of 2 cm thickness with a 10% mix of copper nanoparticles covered by plaster. Redesigned PCM tile reduces the peak indoor temperature by 6.62℃ compared with conventional roof systems.
Efficacy of total laparoscopic hysterectomy without uterine manipulators in patient with early-stage cervical cancer
Authors: Chen Qiuyan , Chen Qicheng , Yang Haikun , Dai Shifen
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) without uterine manipulator for patients with early-stage cervical cancer.
Methods: This study was based on retrospective analysis of clinical data of 72 patients with early-stage cervical cancer who received TLH treatment in Meizhou People’s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. Of them, 40 patients underwent routine TLH (control group), and 32 patients received TLH without lifting the uterus using uterine manipulator (observation group). Changes in tumor marker levels, human papilloma virus (HPV) status, complications, and survival between two groups of patients were compared.
Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P>0.05). After the surgery, levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) in both groups of patients were significantly reduced compared to before the surgery, and significantly lower in the observation group compared to the control group at one and two years after the surgery (P<0.05). After three years of postoperative follow-up, there was no significant difference in cumulative survival rates between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusions: Compared with conventional laparoscopy, hysteroscopy without the use of uterine manipulators can significantly reduce the levels of SCC-Ag, CEA, and CA-125 in patients with early-stage cervical cancer within two years after the surgery, without increasing postoperative complications or affecting survival, and has the same safety.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.10.10093
How to cite this: Chen Q, Chen Q, Yang H, Dai S. Efficacy of total laparoscopic hysterectomy without uterine manipulators in patient with early-stage cervical cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(10):2428-2431. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.10.10093
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography and 99m-Technetium Sestamibi scintigraphy for the preoperative localization of Parathyroid Adenoma keeping histopathological findings as reference standard
Authors: Ghaffar Tahir , Kanwal Shaista , Aamir Azizul Hasan , Din Nizamud
Published: October 2024

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Ultrasound (US) and 99m-Tc Sestamibi scan in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) for the localization of parathyroid adenoma before surgery keeping Parathyroid histopathology as reference standard
Method: This three years retrospective study was performed in the Department of Endocrinology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Patients with PHPT who underwent parathyroidectomy from July 2019 to June 2022 were included in the study. Information relating to localization studies prior to surgical management like US and 99m-Tc Sestamibi scan was documented. These imaging findings were subsequently compared with the findings of parathyroid surgery and histopathology results which were taken as reference standard.
Results: The sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV) and overall accuracy of US for the preoperative localization of parathyroid adenoma was 77%, 95.7% and 75%, respectively. Whereas the sensitivity, PPV and accuracy of 99m-Tc Sestamibi scintigraphy was 89.5%, 95% and 86% respectively.
Conclusion: Ultrasound despite its cost effectiveness has a lower sensitivity compared to 99m-Tc Sestamibi scintigraphy. Similarly, the sensitivity and overall accuracy of US and 99m-Tc Sestamibi scan when taken in combination is higher compared to either modality. It is thus recommended that the combination of these modalities should be employed to localize the adenomas accurately for surgery of the parathyroid gland for a better outcome.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.10.8575
How to cite this: Ghaffar T, Kanwal S, Aamir AH, Nizamud Din. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography and 99m-Technetium Sestamibi scintigraphy for the preoperative localization of Parathyroid Adenoma keeping histopathological findings as reference standard. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(10):2405-2409. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.10.8575
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Family satisfaction with care provided to patients deceased in intensive care unit
Authors: Sharieff Saleem , Sajjal Ayesha , Idrees Asim , Ali Rafai Wajid
Published: October 2024

Background & Objective: Patient’s family satisfaction is a crucial but often overlooked indicator of the quality of the intensive care unit (ICU). The goal was to assess how satisfied patients’ families were with the treatment they received for terminally ill patients, where we worked with them to create a care plan.
Methods: The study was conducted in ICU at Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center (PKLI & RC), Lahore, Pakistan which is a quaternary care center between December 1st 2022 and April 30th 2023. We used the Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit 24 (FS-ICU 24) questionnaire to interview the next of kin of patients who passed away in our ICU.
Results: Of the 330 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between December 1, 2022, and April 30, 2023, 42 patients (12.7%) passed away. Mean age was 46.8 ± 14.5 years, with 28 men (66.7%) and 14 females (33.3%). Mean length of ICU stay was 5.57 ± 5.84 day. On a scale of 1-5 (1 = very Dissatisfied; 5 = fully satisfied) the overall family’s satisfaction score was 4.21 ± 0.52 with ICU consultants received a high satisfaction rating for informing families about their patients’ conditions and involving them in the decision-making process.
Conclusion: The study showed involving family members in the care plan and helping them prepare for death not only helps them deal better but also makes them feel satisfied with the treatment they received in the intensive care unit, It makes them appreciate that they were able to participate in the decision-making process.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.10.8697
How to cite this: Sharieff S, Sajjal A, Idrees A, Rafai WA. Family satisfaction with care provided to patients deceased in intensive care unit. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(10):2441-2446. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.10.8697
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Early Medinan Suras: The Birth of Politics in the Qur’an
Authors: Saleh Walid
Published: October 2024

The central conceptual intervention of this article is that of connecting questions of chronology in the Qur’an with larger problems to do with processes of identity formation in early Islam. More specifically, I propose a new division of the Medinan Qur’anic period. Through a detailed analysis of Sura 16 (Sura al-Naḥl), this article will show that it was revealed in Medina after the Hijra and before the Battle of Badr, contrary to the common view that approaches this and other similar Medinan suras (including Suras 7 and 29) as Meccan composed and Medinan adjusted. My analysis demonstrates that approaching suras like Sura 16 as chronological composites is neither necessary nor defensible. By attempting to reorient our understanding of the Qur’an’s chronology, this article tries to break new ground in how we imagine the limits of Muslim identity during this immensely significant transitional moment in the life of the Prophet, the Qur’an, and Islam.
Online reviews and Gen Z consumers’ satisfaction in the apparel industry: An expectation disconfirmation theory
Authors: Garg Yashu , Gopal Krishan
Published: October 2024

This research article aims to analyse how online reviews influence the satisfaction level of Generation Z (Gen Z) consumers within the apparel industry by using the expectation disconfirmation theory as the analytical framework. Five hypotheses have been developed regarding the relationships between online reviews and satisfaction through literature review and were examined using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). In the research article, data were gathered from 350 Gen Z consumers engaged in online shopping across three districts of Punjab. Questionnaires were distributed to the respondents in hard copy and Google Forms. The findings from this research article suggest a positive correlation between online reviews and the satisfaction level of Gen Z consumers in the apparel industry. The analysis reveals that online reviews play a significant role in influencing the online shopping of apparel.