bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolución de la terapia sustitutiva renal
Authors: Coronado Daza Jorge Antonio
Published: January 2021

La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es un problema de salud pública mundial. La cuenta de alto costo de Colombia a 2013 reportó la existencia de 22.926 pacientes en terapia de diálisis, 5.941 con trasplante renal y 1.015.124 pacientes con ERC en estadios I - IV, potenciales a progresary requerir terapia sustitutiva renal (TSR), para una incidencia aproximada de ingreso a diálisis de 65 personas por millón de habitantes (1). En Estados Unidos en el 2011 se encontraban en diálisis 430.723 pacientes y 185.626 estaban trasplantados (2).En 1945 Willen Kolff realizó la primera sesión de hemodiálisis con éxito.La cual ha ido evolucionando desde el uso en pacientes agudos hasta laaplicación en crónicos. En 1972 se aprobó en EEUU la hemodiálisis crónicapara el tratamiento de todos los pacientes con ERC avanzada (3).
Vigilancia fetal durante el trabajo de parto
Authors: Salcedo Ramos Francisco , Méndez Rodríguez Rogelio , Vallejo Navarro Carolina
Published: January 2021

La monitoria fetal intraparto hace parte de las pruebas para la valoración del bienestar fetal. Es método de fácil realización e interpretación, no invasivo, de bajo costo, reproducible, sin efectos secundarios ni contraindicaciones. El objetivo fundamental del estudio es la evaluación del estado fetal durante el parto, identificando los fetos que posiblemente puedan estar comprometidos. Ello se determina por alteraciones en lassiguientes variables. [A] Frecuencia, variabilidad y desaceleraciones del ritmo cardíaco fetal. [B] Movimientos fetales. [C] Cambios en la actividad cardíaca en relación con la actividad uterina. Los hallazgos permiten clasificar el estado fetal en tres categorías. Así se pueden establecer medidas oportunas antes que se produzcan daños irreversibles enel feto o en el peor de los casos la muerte fetal. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2015;6(1):170-178
Consideraciones bioéticas en tumores de cabeza y cuello
Authors: Osorio Anaya Steven , Villegas González Juliana , Morales Valdés Lady Johana
Published: January 2021

Los carcinomas de cabeza y cuello (CCC) son tumores con elevada morbilidad y mortalidad, que causan un deterioro significativo de la calidad de vida en los pacientes con adversas repercusiones familiares y sociales. La mayoría de los pacientes consultan en estadios localmente avanzados y según la localización y compromiso, el pronóstico de vida sin tratamiento puede llegar a ser desalentador. Los tratamientos no están libres de consecuencias adversas. Algunos pueden ser tan mutilantes y discapacitantes como la misma enfermedad. El abordaje siempre debe ser integral y multidisciplinario con inmensa claridad de la connotación humana del paciente y sus familiares. Se deben ofrecer diferentes opciones de manejo, que buscarán la conservación o recuperación en la mejor medida posible de la calidad de vida. Debe evitarse la iatrogenia y los tratamientosexcesivos por el impacto adverso. Dilucidarse el riesgo al suicidio, la expectativa de vida y la oportunidad real de mejoría con la intervención propuesta. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2015;6(1):179-182
Cuidado seguro por enfermería en el Hospital Infantil Napoleón Franco pareja en Cartagena.
Authors: Romero Massa Elizabeth , Howard Bernard Kadine Savija , Martínez Julio Tania Andrea
Published: January 2021

Introducción: la seguridad del paciente implica la evaluación permanente y proactiva de los riesgos asociados a la atención en salud. Objetivo: describir las prácticas de cuidado seguro de las enfermeras en el Hospital Infantil Napoleón Franco Pareja. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo. La población y muestra contó con un total de 60 enfermeras y se aplicaron los instrumentos GCTC_UN-PROF y “Percepción de seguridad de pacientes de los profesionales”. Mediante estadística descriptiva los datos se presentaron en frecuencias y promedios. Resultados: predominó el género femenino en 98.3%, con una edad promedio de 34 años y experiencia laboral de 9 años. En relación a las prácticas de cuidado seguro, se observó que la política de seguridad del paciente por las enfermeras se aplica en un 100%. Estas afirmaron conocer los eventos adversos de reporte obligatorio y los indicadores de seguimiento de cuidado seguro en el 91.7% y los monitorearon en el 90.0%. Asimismo, conocen y toman medidas preventivas para mitigar los riesgos para el paciente en un 95.0%. En cuanto a la percepción de seguridad del paciente los enfermera/os con menores promedios siempre sienten que su participación es activa en la consecución de los objetivos de seguridad del paciente con 33.8% y casi siempre 32.5%. En menor grado, las enfermeras siempre perciben autonomía y delegación de responsabilidad en los objetivos del programa en un 20%. Sobre fomento a la investigación obtuvieron un 20% en la categoría siempre, a veces con un 25% y casi nunca 21.7%. Conclusión: el cuidado seguro en enfermería respondió a los lineamientos vigentes y se caracterizó por buenas prácticas del mismo. Es necesario fortalecer la participación con autonomía en los procesos y la investigación.
Eficacia y factores determinantes de la respuesta al tratamiento con claritromicina, esomeprazol y amoxacilina para la infección por H. Pylori.
Authors: Yepes Barreto Ismael de Jesús , Osorio Marín Claudia , Múnera Contreras María Nicol
Published: January 2021

Introducción: el Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) es una bacteria gram negativa y es considerado como el principal agente etiológico de diversas patologías gastrointestinales como gastritis, úlceras pépticas, cáncer gástrico y linfoma MALT. Las guías de la Asociación Colombiana de Gastroenterología para el diagnóstico y tratamiento del H. pylori recomiendan el uso de la triple terapia estándar con claritromicina, amoxicilina y un inhibidor de la bomba de protones como la terapia de primera línea cuando la resistencia a la claritromicina es inferior al 15%. Objetivo: determinar la eficacia del tratamiento con claritromicina, amoxicilina y esomeprazol, durante diez días para el tratamiento de la infección por H. pylori e identificar factores asociados a la respuesta del tratamiento. Materiales y métodos: se estudiaron pacientes remitidos para esofagogastroduodenoscopia, que consultaron los centros Soluciones Integrales en Gastroenterología/Hepatología y a la Clínica Crecer en Cartagena - Colombia, en el período comprendido entre marzo de 2013 y agosto de 2015. Se ordenó evitar consumo de inhibidores de bomba de protones y antibióticos entre 15-30 días previos a la realización del procedimiento endoscópico; en biopsia gástrica previa se demostró la presencia de H.pylori. Se administró el tratamiento indicado por 10 días, por lo que se realizó un seguimiento diario de los medicamentos y, después de 30 días, se realizó estudio endoscópico de control. Resultados: 190 pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio. 67 fueron excluidos por no presentar el diario de medicamentos en la cita de control para confirmar la adherencia al tratamiento, y otros 83 por diversas razones. 50 de ellos fueron estudiados, se observó mejoría en 32 (64%), mientras que 18 pacientes no mostraron mejoría alguna. Ninguno de los factores valorados fue estadísticamente significativo con respecto al resultado terapéutico. Conclusión: la eficacia estimada fue 60%; y ninguno de los factores evaluados fue significativamente asociado a la respuesta al tratamiento.
Leucemia mieloide aguda simulando fiebre por virus Chikungunya.
Authors: Herrera Lomonaco Sandra , De Lima Zea Andrés Felipe , Castro Barragán José Ignacio
Published: January 2021

Introducción: la leucemia mieloide aguda (LMA) es un desorden hematopoyético clonal que representa el 80% de las leucemias agudas en adultos. Se caracteriza por hematopoyesis alterada y presencia de blastos en sangre periférica y médula ósea. Sus manifestaciones incluyen anemia, trombocitopenia, poliartralgia e inmunocompromiso. Se puede iniciar con sintomatología inespecífica por lo que puede ser confundida con cuadros autolimitados como las diferentes arbovirosis propias de algunas áreas geográficas. Caso clínico: paciente masculino de 43 años de edad con cuadro agudo de poliartralgia, rash cutáneo y fiebre. Inicialmente se consideró diagnóstico de fiebre Chikungunya, por lo cual se realizó manejo clínico sin mejoría. El paciente presentó deterioro rápido y progresivo del estado general, compromiso multiorgánico, estado séptico y subsecuente fallecimiento. Extendido de sangre periférica reveló presencia de blastos en un 28% y estudios de médula ósea post-mortem confirmaron el diagnóstico de LMA. Conclusión: la LMA puede complicarse con cuadros sépticos y tener desenlace fatal luego de muy corta duración. Se debe establecer el diagnóstico de forma temprana. Es un reto para el clínico diferenciarla de enfermedades mucho más comunes y benignas.
Resonancia magnética frente a la histopatología en el diagnóstico de neoplasias cerebrales.
Authors: López Sierra Sandra , Cuadrado Cano Bernarda , Segovia Fuentes Javier
Published: January 2021

Introducción: En Colombia se presentan aproximadamente 3,4 casos de neoplasias cerebrales por 100.000 personas-año. En su diagnóstico la resonancia magnética (RM) juega un papel significativo, pues puede aportar información importante al evaluar las lesiones y realizar un planeamiento quirúrgico; por ello, es crucial que sea adecuadamente interpretada y una de las maneras de verificarlo es la correlación radiopatológica. Objetivo: Identificar el desempeño de la RM utilizada para el diagnóstico de las neoplasias cerebrales de mayor frecuencia en la E.S.E Hospital Universitario del Caribe (H.U.C.) desde 2013 a 2018 y compararla con la histopatología como prueba de oro. Métodos: Se desarrolló un estudio de prueba diagnóstica en 43 pacientes con neoplasias cerebrales en el H.U.C. Se utilizaron datos del reporte imagenológico, histopatológico y la historia clínica evaluándose variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, imagenológicas y patológicas. Se determinaron diferencias estadísticas entre el diagnóstico radiológico y las demás variables frente a la histopatología. Se determinaron sensibilidad, especificidad, VPP y VPN, cociente de probabilidad positivo y negativo y exactitud global para la RM considerando la histopatología como la prueba de oro. Resultados: La RM fue más sensible en los casos de meningioma y astrocitoma de bajo grado, fue muy específica para el glioblastoma. En general la RM presentó buenos índices de exactitud diagnóstica. En todos los casos se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la RM y la histopatología. Conclusiones: En el H.U.C. la RM presenta buen desempeño a la hora de diagnosticar tumores cerebrales, en especial los astrocitomas de bajo grado y los meningiomas y en menor grado para los glioblastomas y las lesiones metastásicas.
Fiebre periódica en pediatría : abordaje ambulatorio.
Authors: Parrado Sánchez Zayra Daniela , Cárdenas Hernández Vicky Carolina , Medina Rivera Sebastián Camilo , Márquez Herrera Kelly Christina
Published: January 2021

La fiebre es un síntoma frecuente en la edad pediátrica; la mayoría de las veces es causada por infecciones de etiología viral que se autolimitan. En raras ocasiones los pacientes pueden cursar con episodios de fiebre de días a semanas de duración asociados a síntomas específicos, que se encuentran separados por intervalos asintomáticos, con una periodicidad predecible (fiebre periódica). En estos pacientes es importante realizar una historia clínica completa, con un interrogatorio y examen físico detallados, excluir las causas infecciosas más frecuentes y posteriormente realizar exámenes de laboratorio que permitan establecer un diagnóstico sindromático. El objetivo del presente artículo es describir el abordaje diagnóstico de los pacientes pediátricos con síndromes de fiebre periódica desde el ámbito ambulatorio.
Frecuencia de patologías orgánicas derivadas del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en pacientes de una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de la ciudad de Cartagena.
Authors: Manrique Julio Elín Yohana , Lozada Martinez Iván David , García Espiñeira María Cecilia
Published: January 2021

Introducción: el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas se muestra como una de las principales causas de sobrecosto en unidades de cuidados intensivos en el mundo. Desde el ámbito toxicológico, la decisión de un tratamiento depende de la severidad de la intoxicación específica, por lo tanto, evaluar la dinámica poblacional a nivel local respecto a este tema, facilitará el abordaje de este tipo de pacientes con disminución de complicaciones, disminución de costos, y seguimiento en materia de la eficacia de políticas públicas contra la lucha de las drogas. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de patologías orgánicas derivadas del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en pacientes hospitalizados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos de la ciudad de Cartagena. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal, en población adulta. Se revisó la historia clínica de todos los pacientes que ingresaron a la institución ajustados a los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se aplicó como herramienta el cuestionario del Sistema Interamericano de Datos Uniformes Sobre Consumo de Drogas. Se realizó test de sustancias psicoactivas. Los datos se analizaron en términos de frecuencia para establecer información relevante. Resultados: se obtuvieron 80 casos de los cuales 75 % eran hombres y 25 % mujeres, el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas fue mayor en hombres. La mayoría de los casos estudiados procedían de la ciudad de Cartagena (70 %) y vivían en unión libre (54 %). Las sustancias psicoactivas más consumidas fueron la cocaína (67 %) y la marihuana (15 %), y las patologías más comunes asociadas al consumo fueron cardiovasculares, cerebrovasculares y enfermedades infecciosas. Conclusiones: las patologías de tipo cardiovascular, cerebrovascular y las enfermedades infectocontagiosas son las que afectan con mayor frecuencia a la población consumidora de sustancias psicoactivas ingresada a unidades de cuidados intensivos, siendo el consumo de cocaína más frecuente en la población masculina.
Coplanar Waveguide-fed UWB Slotted Antenna with Notched-band Performance
Authors: Aissaoui Djelloul , Chaabane Abdelhalim , Boualleg Ahcene , Guerroui Mohammed
Published: January 2021

Compact coplanar waveguide Ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna with band notched characteristics is presented in this paper. The band rejection is achieved by etching a circular slot on the radiating patch. The antenna is printed on the FR4-Epoxy substrate with overall dimensions of 23.5 × 31 × 1.5 mm3. The measured results indicate that the antenna operates in the frequency range from 1.76 to 11.07 GHz and rejects the band 2.42 to 5.37 GHz with an acceptable measured input impedance over the whole operating frequency bandwidth. Furthermore, the simulated results indicate that the antenna exhibits stable radiation patterns with appreciable gain and efficiency over the whole operating band except at the notched-band. Accordingly, this antenna provides a good solution for wireless communication systems with good characteristics.
节水灌区输配水自动化技术要点探析
Authors: 潘 勇
Published: January 2021

农业灌区对水资源的需求量很大，因此为了满足灌区需求，需要通过自动化系统来进行供水，但该系统的使用却也带来了水资源浪费的问题，使得现代农业地区提倡节水灌区建设，此类灌区就要使用到输配水自动化技术，目的在于保障灌区水资源需求，同时消除水资源浪费问题。对此文章将展开相关分析，重点论述节水灌区现状问题，并提出输配水自动化技术要点。
招投标管理中存在的问题及对策探讨
Authors: 贺 顶友
Published: January 2021

近年来，我国加大了对外经济开放的力度，从而有效地促进了社会经济水平的不断提升，为城市化建设工作全面实施带来了良好的条件。在这种发展形势下，建筑工程行业得到了快速的发展壮大，大量的新兴建筑工程项目在全国各个地区应时而生。在改革开放的影响下，我国建筑工程行业得以全面的进步，招投标制度的出现是市场经济发展的必然结果，其在保证建筑市场公平竞争方面具有重要的影响作用。招投标制度与整个工程项目密切相关，并且与建筑工程的公平性存在一定的关联，就当下我国建筑行业未来发展实际情况来说，招投标工作在施工管理工作中的作用是非常巨大的，但是招投标工作整体水平并没有达到成熟的状态，其中还存在诸多的问题，从而导致陪标、围标、串通投标的情况频繁出现，对于各项工作的有序开展造成了诸多的限制。鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对建筑工程中投标管理工作展开全面分析研究，希望能够对我国建筑工程行业未来良好持续发展有所帮助。
工业给排水设计中的管道布置及选材
Authors: 孙 亚萍
Published: January 2021

国省干线公路的安全生命防护工程可以有效的提升道路行车条件，并降低交通事故发生率，有利于我国经济的发展。基于此，本研究对国省干线公路安全生命防护工程中存在的问题进行分析，并最终提出了解决措施。
煤制烯烃含盐废水近零排放技术的应用研究
Authors: 王 昌盛
Published: January 2021

文章以煤化企业含盐废水处理视角为切入点，首先介绍了近零排放含盐废水的流程，其次结合原有工艺缺陷，在详细说明蒸发结晶流程的基础上，围绕盐种技术、压缩技术等全新工艺展开了研究，最后简要概括了新系统的应用效果，希望能给其他人以启发，为煤化工等行业工作的顺利开展提供帮助。
环境保护视角下水工环地质勘查工作策略分析
Authors: 邓 振业
Published: January 2021

在社会快速发展的带动下，使得各个领域都发生了巨大的变化，人们的思想意识也随之出现了一定的波动，人们对于环境保护工作越发的重视。近年来，尽管我国社会经济水平得到了显著的提升，但是在这个过程中环境污染问题十分的严重，在当前我国全面推行可持续发展的形势下，需要我们对环境保护工作加以重点关注。所以需要地质勘查工作人员切实的扭转以往老旧落后的思想理念，从各个细节入手来提升水工环地质勘查工作的整体水平，为环境保护工作的实施给予良好的辅助。鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对环境保护形势下水工环地质勘查工作展开全面深入的分析研究，希望能够对我国社会稳定和谐发展起到良好的帮助。
全过程工程造价管理研究
Authors: 郝 梦鹤
Published: January 2021

建筑项目全过程工程造价管理，对项目的成本控制、成本结算、成本分析等相关方面，起到不可估量的意义和价值。文章以建筑项目各个阶段的工程造价管理为主要研究对象，针对现代工程领域的工程造价管理具体问题进行多角度、多层次、多维度的分析和研究，结合笔者在工程造价领域的多年从业经验，提出一系列行之有效的管理建议。仅供参考。
铁路箱梁架设
Authors: 刘 祥新
Published: January 2021

随着科技的不断发展，我国铁路运输行业的重要性正在与日俱增。在桥梁工程中，铁路箱梁架设非常关键，由于铁路施工场地相对比较复杂，所以箱梁架设难度非常大。文章通过对某铁路工程进行分析，并结合实际对铁路箱运输、提升、架设提出个人观点，希望为关注铁路箱梁架设的人群带来帮助。
桥梁高墩悬臂模板施工技术研究
Authors: 李 保强
Published: January 2021

所谓悬臂模板，主要材料为木梁、胶合板和薄钢板模板，共包括三大体系，分别为胶合板、钢板结构组成的面板系统、上平台、吊平台和主平台组成的平台系统以及槽钢背楞、斜撑、主背楞桁架、受力三脚架、后移装置组成的支架系统、爬锥等预埋系统。悬臂模板具有诸多应用优势，比如较高安全性、安装便捷、高强度、较快运转速度、不容易出现浇筑裂缝等。在核电站、水电站、公共建筑、桥梁等各种项目中具有较大范围应用。在各种建筑中应用悬臂模板施工技术能够快速、便捷地完成预埋件、穿墙螺栓等构件安装，有助于提升混凝土侧压力确保混凝土施工质量，为此，需要加大对该技术研究及应用，提升桥梁项目整体施工效果。
Автоматизована система контролю промислових викидів
Authors: Мелконова І.В. , Романченко Ю.А. , Співак О.М.
Published: January 2021

Моніторинг у галузі охорони атмосферного повітря проводиться з метою отримання, збирання, оброблення, збереження та аналізу інформації про рівень забруднення атмосферного повітря, оцінки та прогнозування його змін і ступеня небезпечності та розроблення науково обґрунтованих рекомендацій для прийняття рішень у галузі охорони атмосферного повітря У статті запропоновано комплексне технічне рішення щодо забезпечення  автоматизованого моніторингу промислових викидів в атмосферу, що включає в себе технічні засоби вимірювання та інформаційні технології.
Дослідження коливально імпульсних трендів вимірювальних параметрів
Authors: Стенцель Й.І. , Грановський Е.О. , Степанов В.С.
Published: January 2021

Значна кількість трендів технологічних параметрів мають коливально‑імпульсний характер з достатньо великим розкиданням показань за амплітудою. Це приводить до неправильного визначення вимірювального параметра. Приймалося, що коливально‑імпульсний тренд є причиною впливу випадкових факторів. Запропоновано та обгрунтовано фізичну та математичні моделі таких об'єктів контролю та управління. Показано, що коливально‑імпульсний характер тренту зумовлений наявністю в технологічному процесі побічних локальних динамічних процесів консервативного типу синусоїдальної форми. Такі локальні динамічні процеси можуть з'єднуватися з технологічним об'єктом паралельно. При наявності двох окремих процесів з різними частотами та амплітудами створюються коливально‑імпульсні рухи¸котрі приводять до аналогічних відхилень трендів. Приводяться результати дослідження коливально‑імпульсних трендів.
Types of Sentences Used by Male and Female Writers in Journal Article Abstracts
Authors: Willem Saragih  , Christine Hutajulu
Published: January 2021

This study analyzed the types of sentences used in the Abstracts of Journal Articles written by 10 Female and 10 Male fully sourced from the Book Program of The First Annual International Seminar UNIMED Medan: November 19, 2016. Of the 195 sentences, 102 of which were written by females, and 92   by Males, all types of sentences are present. The occurrence of the types of sentence used by Females is Simple Sentence (50.1%), Complex Sentence (37.1%), Complex - Compound Sentence (6.8%),  and Compound Sentence (4.9%).  By Males, Simple Sentence is (50.%), Complex Sentence (41%),  Compound Sentence  (5.4%) and Complex- Compound Sentence (3.3%). Thus, this proves that the frequency is only different in Complex-Compound, i.e. by Females in the third place, but by Males in the fourth and Compound in the third.  Overall, it can be concluded that gender has no relation with sentence types.
Features of the process for fodder production of grain heap at early and very early harvesting
Authors:   Don Agrarian Research Center, Pakhomov V.I. , Braginets S.V. ,   Don Agrarian Research Center, Bakhchevnikov O.N. ,   Don Agrarian Research Center
Published: January 2021

The production process for pelleted feed using undivided grain heap harvested by stripping into milky to wax ripeness phases is described. This made it possible to increase the protein content in the feed by 7-8% due to the grain richer in protein in early and very early harvesting periods and the inclusion of the vegetative part of the ear in the feed, as well as to reduce the cost of preparing the feed.
Theoretical aspects of resource reproduction in agriculture
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Kovaleva E.V.
Published: January 2021

The theoretical provisions of the reproductive process at different stages of development are discussed. The need for the reproduction of production relations, but not only the productive forces, is identified. The characteristics of the reproductive process being inherent in it at the present stage are formulated, while maintaining a cyclical nature taking into account the changing quality.
System of science and education as a basic element of an innovative environment in agribusiness
Authors:   Rosinformagrotekh, Marinchenko T.E.
Published: January 2021

The current model of the innovative development of Russia is formulated, the analysis of strategic and program documents defining the state policy in the field of support of innovative activity is provided. The state and areas of development of the system of science and education as the main element of the innovative environment in the agribusiness are discussed. The main problems that hinder the widespread introduction of the latest scientific achievements are identified. Proposals have been made for the integration of science and education to increase the activation of innovative activities.
Spinless Particle with Darwin–Cox Structure in an External Coulomb Field
Authors: Koral’kov A. D. , Ovsiyuk E. M. , Kisel V. V. , Chichurin A. V. , Voynova Ya. A. , Red’kov V. M.
Published: January 2021

Generalized Klein–Fock–Gordon equation for a spinless particle with the Darwin–Cox structure, which takes into account distribution of the electric charge of a particle inside a finite spherical region is studied in presence of an external Coulomb field. There have been constructed exact Frobenius type solutions of the derived equations, convergence of the relevant power series with 8-term recurrent relations has been studied. As an analytical quantization rule is taken the so-called transcendency conditions. It provides us with a 4-th order algebraic equation with respect to energy values, which has four sets of roots. One set of roots, 0 < En;k < 1, depending on the angular momentum n = 0; 1; 2; : : : and the main quantum number n = 0; 1; 2; : : : may be interpreted as corresponding to some bound states of the particle in a Coulomb field. In the same manner, a generalized nonrelativistic Schr¨odinger equation for such a particle is studied, the final results are similar.
Post-Quantum Group-Oriented Authentication in IoT
Authors: Aleksandrova E. B. , Shtyrkina А. А. , Yarmak A. V.
Published: January 2021

The Internet of Things may include sensors, actuators, analyzers, logical controllers, which together form distributed network of heterogeneous devices. Group-based approach to authentication may be relevant when the number of nodes is very large and there are constrained devices among them. Post-quantum schemes as candidates in NIST competition are considered. Lattices are chosen as best candidates for building group-oriented schemes for IoT due to high performance, relatively small key sizes, well researched mathematical problem. To give flexibility to the lattice-based group-oriented authentication protocols, the basis delegation mechanism was considered as an approach that takes into account the hierarchy in the Internet of Things systems.
The robotical gaze: A hypothesis of visual production using technological image/thinking
Authors: denicolai lorenzo
Published: January 2021

Media abundance and images proliferation have significantly altered our receptive and perceptual capacity, even fuelling alternative truths, and causing problems of meaning.At the same time, the increasing presence of artificial intelligence and computational thinking in everyday life has allowed to investigate several aspects of the Human-Machine relationship, also hypothesizing some theoretical considerations on the similarity between human and robotic logic models, as well as practical steps (also in the field of learning) of the relationship between the body and the object.The history of cinema has provided many examples of how humanity can look through mechanical eyes: in this sense, one could imagine a sort of cognisphere, i.e. a hybrid mode of computational thinking and pragmatics that today manifests itself mainly in images.The aim of this paper is to hypothesize it is possible to construct narratives through the interaction between images (and their hybrid surplus of reality/digital representation) and robotics, focusing on that robots can see and transmit to us, through sensors and minicams, what they perceive. We will also refer to a series of experiments (including educational ones) that we are carrying out in the 'L. Gallino' Laboratory of Behavioural Simulation and Educational Robotics of the Department of Philosophy and Educational Sciences of the University of Turin, Italy.
Soluble CD83 Regulates Dendritic Cell–T Cell Immunological Synapse Formation by Disrupting Rab1a-Mediated F-Actin Rearrangement
Authors: Lin Wei , Zhou Shuping , Feng Meng , Yu Yong , Su Qinghong , Li Xiaofan
Published: January 2021

Dendritic cell–T cell (DC-T) contacts play an important role in T cell activation, clone generation, and development. Regulating the cytoskeletal protein rearrangement of DCs can modulate DC-T contact and affect T cell activation. However, inhibitory factors on cytoskeletal regulation in DCs remain poorly known. We showed that a soluble form of CD83 (sCD83) inhibited T cell activation by decreasing DC-T contact and synapse formation between DC and T cells. This negative effect of sCD83 on DCs was mediated by disruption of F-actin rearrangements, leading to alter expression and localization of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) and immunological synapse formation between DC and T cells. Furthermore, sCD83 was found to decrease GTP-binding activity of Rab1a, which further decreased colocalization and expression of LRRK2 and F-actin rearrangements in DCs, leading to the loss of MHC-II at DC-T synapses and reduced DC-T synapse formation. Further, sCD83-treated DCs alleviated symptoms of experimental autoimmune uveitis in mice and decreased the number of T cells in the eyes and lymph nodes of these animals. Our findings demonstrate a novel signaling pathway of sCD83 on regulating DC-T contact, which may be harnessed to develop new immunosuppressive therapeutics for autoimmune disease.
Digital Resilience Biomarkers for Personalized Health Maintenance and Disease Prevention
Authors: van den Brink Willem , Bloem Robbert , Ananth Adithya , Kanagasabapathi Thiru , Amelink Arjen , Bouwman Jildau , Gelinck Gerwin , van Veen Sjaak , Boorsma Andre , Wopereis Suzan
Published: January 2021

Health maintenance and disease prevention strategies become increasingly prioritized with increasing health and economic burden of chronic, lifestyle-related diseases. A key element in these strategies is the empowerment of individuals to control their health. Self-measurement plays an essential role in achieving such empowerment. Digital measurements have the advantage of being measured non-invasively, passively, continuously, and in a real-world context. An important question is whether such measurement can sensitively measure subtle disbalances in the progression toward disease, as well as the subtle effects of, for example, nutritional improvement. The concept of resilience biomarkers, defined as the dynamic evaluation of the biological response to an external challenge, has been identified as a viable strategy to measure these subtle effects. In this review, we explore the potential of integrating this concept with digital physiological measurements to come to digital resilience biomarkers. Additionally, we discuss the potential of wearable, non-invasive, and continuous measurement of molecular biomarkers. These types of innovative measurements may, in the future, also serve as a digital resilience biomarker to provide even more insight into the personal biological dynamics of an individual. Altogether, digital resilience biomarkers are envisioned to allow for the measurement of subtle effects of health maintenance and disease prevention strategies in a real-world context and thereby give personalized feedback to improve health.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a Cellular Target in Myeloid Malignancy: Chances and Challenges in the Genome Editing of Stromal Alterations
Authors: Banjanin Bella , Schneider Rebekka K.
Published: January 2021

The contribution of bone marrow stromal cells to the pathogenesis and therapy response of myeloid malignancies has gained significant attention over the last decade. Evidence suggests that the bone marrow stroma should not be neglected in the design of novel, targeted-therapies. In terms of gene-editing, the focus of gene therapies has mainly been on correcting mutations in hematopoietic cells. Here, we outline why alterations in the stroma should also be taken into consideration in the design of novel therapeutic strategies but also outline the challenges in specifically targeting mesenchymal stromal cells in myeloid malignancies caused by somatic and germline mutations.
Quantifying the Stability of Coupled Genetic and Epigenetic Switches With Variational Methods
Authors: Sood Amogh , Zhang Bin
Published: January 2021

The Waddington landscape provides an intuitive metaphor to view development as a ball rolling down the hill, with distinct phenotypes as basins and differentiation pathways as valleys. Since, at a molecular level, cell differentiation arises from interactions among the genes, a mathematical definition for the Waddington landscape can, in principle, be obtained by studying the gene regulatory networks. For eukaryotes, gene regulation is inextricably and intimately linked to histone modifications. However, the impact of such modifications on both landscape topography and stability of attractor states is not fully understood. In this work, we introduced a minimal kinetic model for gene regulation that combines the impact of both histone modifications and transcription factors. We further developed an approximation scheme based on variational principles to solve the corresponding master equation in a second quantized framework. By analyzing the steady-state solutions at various parameter regimes, we found that histone modification kinetics can significantly alter the behavior of a genetic network, resulting in qualitative changes in gene expression profiles. The emerging epigenetic landscape captures the delicate interplay between transcription factors and histone modifications in driving cell-fate decisions.
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Is Effective in Modifying the Tumor Genome and Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer or Lung Metastatic Carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Pu , Chen Diangang , Zhu Bo , Chen Wei , Xie Qichao , Wang Yali , Tan Qiulin , Yuan Bibo , Zuo Xuejiao , Huang Changlin , Zhu Hongfan , Li Guanghui
Published: January 2021

Background and Purpose

To directly reveal the change in genome mutation, RNA transcript of tumor cells, and tumor microenvironment (TME) after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in paired human lung tumor specimens.

Materials and Methods

Paired tumor samples were collected from 10 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or lung metastatic carcinoma within a week before and after SBRT. DNA and RNA of tumor tissues was extracted from the paired samples. Whole-exome and RNA sequencing assays were performed by next-generation sequencing. Gene mutation, genomic expression, T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, and profiling of tumor-infiltrating immune cells were analyzed through bioinformatics analysis in paired tumor samples. CD8+ T-cell infiltration and PD-L1 expressions were detected by immunostaining in tumor tissues.

Results

The diversity of TCR repertoire and PD-L1 expression increased significantly in the TME, and the most enriched term of the gene ontology analysis was the immune response gene after receiving SBRT. SBRT induced neo-mutation of genes in tumor cells but did not increase tumor mutation burden in tumor tissues. TME displayed complex immune cell changes and infiltration and expression of immune-regulating factors such as C-X-C motif chemokine (CXCL) 10, CXCL16, interferons (IFNs), and IFN receptors. CD8+ T-cells in tumor tissues did not improve significantly after SBRT while the infiltrating TH1 and TH2 cells decreased remarkably.

Conclusion

SBRT improved the TCR repertoire diversity and PD-L1 expression in the TME and induced neo-mutation of genes in tumor cells but did not increase CD8+ T-cell infiltration and IFN expression in the tumor tissue within a week.
Protein Phosphatase PP1 Negatively Regulates IRF3 in Response to GCRV Infection in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Authors: Hu Xudong , Wang Bing , Feng Haohao , Zhou Man , Lin Yusheng , Cao Hong
Published: January 2021

Protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) has an important role in many cell functions, such as cell differentiation, development, immune response and tumorigenesis. However, the specific role of PP1 in the antiviral response in fish remains to be elucidated. In this study, the PPP1R3G homolog was identified in the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and its role in defence against the GCRV infection was investigated. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that CiPPP1R3G clustered with homologues from other teleosts. Temporal expression analysis in vivo revealed that the expression level of CiPPP1R3G was significantly up-regulated in response to GCRV infection in grass carps, especially in the intestine and head-kidney. Cellular distribution analysis revealed that CiPPP1R3G was located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpression of CiPPP1R3G significantly negatively regulated the expression of CiIRF3, thus inhibiting its activation. In summary, we systematically analyzed the PPP1R3G gene in grass carp and illustrated its function as a negative regulator in the anti-GCRV immune responses.
Severe Flooding in the Atoll Nations of Tuvalu and Kiribati Triggered by a Distant Tropical Cyclone Pam
Authors: Hoeke Ron K. , Damlamian Herve , Aucan Jérome , Wandres Moritz
Published: January 2021

Tropical cyclone (TC) Pam formed in the central south Pacific in early March 2015. It reached a category 5 severity and made landfall or otherwise directly impacted several islands in Vanuatu, causing widespread damage and loss of life. It then moved along a southerly track between Fiji and New Caledonia, generating wind-waves of up to approximately 15 m, before exiting the region around March 15th. The resulting swell propagated throughout the central Pacific, causing flooding and damage to communities in Tuvalu, Kiribati and Wallis and Futuna, all over 1,000 km from TC Pam’s track. The severity of these remote impacts was not anticipated and poorly forecasted. In this study, we use a total water level (TWL) approach to estimate the climatological conditions and factors contributing to recorded impacts at islands in Tuvalu and Kiribati. At many of the islands, the estimated TWL associated with Pam was the largest within the ∼40-year period of available data, although not necessarily the largest in terms of estimated wave setup and runup; elevated regional sea-level also contributed to the TWL. The westerly wave direction likely contributed to the severity, as did the locally exceptional storm-swell event’s long duration; the overall timing and duration of the event was modulated by astronomical tides. The findings of this study give impetus to the development, implementation and/or improvement of early warning systems capable of predicting such reef-island flooding. They also have direct implications for more accurate regional flood hazard analyses in the context of a changing climate, which is crucial for informing adaptation policies for the atolls of the central Pacific.
Combating Antimicrobial Resistance Through Student-Driven Research and Environmental Surveillance
Authors: Fuhrmeister Erica R. , Larson Jennifer R. , Kleinschmit Adam J. , Kirby James E. , Pickering Amy J. , Bascom-Slack Carol A.
Published: January 2021

Emerging resistance to all classes of antimicrobials is one of the defining crises of the 21st century. Many advances in modern medicine, such as routine surgeries, are predicated on sustaining patients with antimicrobials during a period when their immune systems alone cannot clear infection. The development of new antimicrobials has not kept pace with the antimicrobial resistance (AR) threat. AR bacteria have been documented in various environments, such as drinking and surface water, food, sewage, and soil, yet surveillance and sampling has largely been from infected patients. The prevalence and diversity of AR bacteria in the environment, and the risks they pose to humans are not well understood. There is consensus that environmental surveillance is an important first step in forecasting and targeting efforts to prevent spread and transmission of AR microbes. However, efforts to date have been limited. The Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in the Environment (PARE) is a classroom-based project that engages students around the globe in systematic environmental AR surveillance with the goal of identifying areas where prevalence is high. The format of PARE, designed as short classroom research modules, lowers common barriers for institutional participation in course-based research. PARE brings real-world microbiology into the classroom by educating students about the pressing public health issue of AR, while empowering them to be partners in the solution. In turn, the PARE project provides impactful data to inform our understanding of the spread of AR in the environment through global real-time surveillance.
A Novel Scale for Assessment of Stroke Severity at Symptom Onset: Correlation With Neurological Deterioration and Outcome
Authors: Li Qi , Deng Lan , Huang Cheng , Zhang Wen-Yu , Zou Ning , Cao Du , Wei Xiao , Qin Xin-Yue
Published: January 2021

Objective: To propose a novel scale for the assessment of stroke severity at symptom onset and to investigate whether it is associated with ultra-early neurological deterioration (UND) and functional outcomes.

Methods: The Chongqing Stroke Scale (CQSS) was constructed based on key aspects of history, emphasizing language, motor function, and level of consciousness to yield a total 0–11 scale. The diagnostic performance of the CQSS was assessed in 215 ischemic stroke patients between June 2017 and October 2017 in a tertiary hospital. Patients were included if they presented within 24 h after onset of symptoms and they or their witness can recall the scenario at symptom onset. UND was defined as an increase ≥2 points on the CQSS between symptom onset and admission. Functional outcomes were assessed using the 3-month modified Rankin scale. The correlation between the CQSS score and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was assessed. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of CQSS for the outcomes were calculated. Logistic regression was used to test the association between the CQSS score and functional outcomes.

Results: A total of 215 patients with available CQSS scores were included. Baseline CQSS scores at symptom onset were correlated with the admission NIHSS score (r = 0.56, p < 0.001) and functional outcome at 3 months (r = 0.47, p < 0.001). Baseline CQSS ≥ 6 was an independent predictor of functional outcome at 3 months (odds ratio, 12.61; 95% confidence interval 5.68–27.97, p < 0.001). UND was observed in 20 (9.30%) patients. The 90-day mortality was significantly higher in patients with UND than those without UND (25.0 vs. 8.2%, p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, admission systolic blood pressure, hypertension, and diabetes, UND independently predicted poor functional outcome in the multivariate logistic regression model (odds ratio, 9.69; 95% confidence interval 3.19–29.45, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: The newly developed CQSS is a simple and easy-to-perform scale that allows a quantitative evaluation of the stroke severity at symptom onset and an assessment of UND before hospital admission. It is associated with NIHSS and predicts functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Attention, Not Performance, Correlates With Afterdischarge Termination During Cortical Stimulation
Authors: Lesser Ronald P. , Webber W. R. S. , Miglioretti Diana L. , Mizuno-Matsumoto Yuko , Muramatsu Ayumi , Yamamoto Yusuke
Published: January 2021

Cortical stimulation has been used for brain mapping for over a century, and a standard assumption is that stimulation interferes with task execution due to local effects at the stimulation site. Stimulation can however produce afterdischarges which interfere with functional localization and can lead to unwanted seizures. We previously showed that (a) cognitive effort can terminate these afterdischarges, (b) when termination thus occurs, there are electrocorticography changes throughout the cortex, not just at sites with afterdischarges or sites thought functionally important for the cognitive task used, and (c) thresholds for afterdischarges and functional responses can change among stimulation trials. We here show that afterdischarge termination can occur prior to overt performance of the cognitive tasks used to terminate them. These findings, taken together, demonstrate that task-related brain changes are not limited to one or a group of functional regions or a specific network, and not limited to the time directly surrounding overt task execution. Discrete locations, networks and times importantly underpin clinical behaviors. However, brain activity that is diffuse in location and extended in time also affect task execution and can affect brain mapping. This may in part reflect fluctuating levels of attention, engagement, or motivation during testing.
Mechanism and Molecular Network of RBM8A-Mediated Regulation of Oxaliplatin Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liang Rong , Zhang Jinyan , Liu Zhihui , Liu Ziyu , Li Qian , Luo Xiaoling , Li Yongqiang , Ye Jiazhou , Lin Yan
Published: January 2021

RNA-binding motif protein 8A (RBM8A) is abnormally overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The EMT plays an important role in the development of drug resistance, suggesting that RBM8A may be involved in the regulation of oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance in HCC. Here we examined the potential involvement of RBM8A and its downstream pathways in OXA resistance using in vitro and in vivo models. RBM8A overexpression induced the EMT in OXA-resistant HCC cells, altering cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Moreover, whole-genome microarrays combined with bioinformatics analysis revealed that RBM8A has a wide range of transcriptional regulatory capabilities in OXA-resistant HCC, including the ability to regulate several important tumor-related signaling pathways. In particular, histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) emerged as an important mediator of RBM8A activity related to OXA resistance. These data suggest that RBM8A and its related regulatory pathways represent potential markers of OXA resistance and therapeutic targets in HCC.
Adjuvant Radiotherapy Improved Survival in Stage I to II Low-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma: A Retrospective Study of 152 Cases
Authors: Wang Wenhui , Sun Shuai , Miao Zheng , Hou Xiaorong , Zhang Fuquan , Hu Ke
Published: January 2021

Objective

Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS) is a rare gynecological tumor. Whether adjuvant radiotherapy benefits survival in patients with resected early-stage ESS remains controversial. This study was designed to explore the role of adjuvant radiotherapy in stage I to II LG-ESS.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed patients with stage I to II LG-ESS in our center from Jan. 1998 to Feb. 2018. All patients underwent a total hysterectomy and postoperative radiotherapy was administrated based on clinical and pathological characteristics.

Results

A total of 152 patients with stage I to II resected LG-ESS were included. Forty patients received adjuvant radiotherapy (RT group) while 112 patients did not receive adjuvant radiotherapy (no RT group). The baseline characteristics of the two groups were comparable, except that the proportion of stage II patients in the RT group was higher than that in the no RT group (32.5% vs. 11.6%, in RT vs. no RT groups, respectively; p = 0.003). For both patient groups, median overall survival was not reached. The median disease-free survival (DFS) was 144 months. Radiotherapy was associated with significantly improved DFS (92 months vs. not reached in RT vs. no RT groups, respectively; p = 0.008) and pelvic failure-free survival (PFFS) (92 months vs. not reached in RT vs. no RT groups, respectively; p=0.004). Subgroup analysis revealed that RT benefited survival most among patients with stage IB to IIB disease. Adjuvant radiotherapy significantly reduced the pelvic recurrence rate (10.0%, 4/40 vs. 28.6%, 32/112, p = 0.018). No radiotherapy-induced grade 4 to 5 toxicity was observed.

Conclusion

For patients with stage I to II LG-ESS, adjuvant radiotherapy showed significant improvement in DFS and PFFS with tolerable adverse effects, especially in patients with stage IB to IIB disease.