bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Statistical Analysis of Detailed 3-D CFD LES Simulations with Regard to CCV Modeling
Authors: Vítek Oldřich , Macek Jan , Pavlovic Zoran , Tatschl Reinhard
Published: June 2016

The paper deals with statistical analysis of large amount of detailed 3-D CFD data in terms of cycle-to-cycle variations (CCVs). These data were obtained by means of LES calculations of many consecutive cycles. Due to non-linear nature of Navier-Stokes equation set, there is a relatively significant CCV. Hence, every cycle is slightly different – this leads to requirement to perform statistical analysis based on ensemble averaging procedure which enables better understanding of CCV in ICE including its quantification. The data obtained from the averaging procedure provides results on different space resolution levels. The procedure is applied locally, i.e., in every cell of the mesh. Hence there is detailed CCV information on local level – such information can be compared with RANS simulations. Next, volume/mass averaging provides information at specific locations – e.g., gap between electrodes of a spark plug. Finally, volume/mass averaging of the whole combustion chamber leads to global information which can be compared with experimental data or results of system simulation tools (which are based on 0-D/1-D approach).
Knowledge Transfer from Detailed 3-D CFD Codes to System Simulation Tools – CCV Modeling in SI Engine
Authors: Vítek Oldřich , Macek Jan , Poetsch Christoph , Tatschl Reinhard
Published: June 2016

The paper deals with CCV knowledge transfer from reference data (either experiments or 3-D CFD data) into system simulation SW tools (based on 0-D/1-D CFD). It was verified that CCV phenomenon can be modeled by means of combustion model perturbations. The proposed methodology consists of two major steps. First, individual cycle data have to be matched with the 0-D/1-D model, i.e., combustion model parameters are varied to achieve the best possible match of in-cylinder pressure traces. Second, the combustion model parameters (obtained in previous step) are statistically evaluated to obtain PDFs and cross-correlations. Then such information is imposed to the 0-D/1-D tool to mimic pressure traces CCV. Good correspondence with the reference data is achieved only if both PDFs and cross-correlations are imposed simultaneously.

Different engine operating points were evaluated to draw some general conclusions in terms of CCV. It was confirmed that turbulence properties and initial flame kernel development are the dominant factors. However, these factors are neither independent nor random – they seem to be correlated. Operating points with high CCV are more organized in terms of the statistics – they exhibit strong cross-correlations of combustion model parameters.
A Method for Measuring the Radiation Pattern of UHF RFID Transponders
Authors: Jankowski-Mihułowicz Piotr , Węglarski Mariusz
Published: June 2016

The operating principles of RFID antennas should be considered differently than it is applied in the classical theory of radio communication systems. The procedure of measuring the radiation pattern of antennas that could be applied to RFID transponders operating in the UHF band is seldom discussed correctly in the scientific literature. The problem consists in the variability of the RFID chip impedance that strongly influences measurement results. The authors propose the proper methodology for determining the radiation pattern with respect to an individual transponder as well as an electronically tagged object. The advantage of the solution consists in the possibility of using components of different measuring systems that are available in typical antenna laboratories. The proposed procedure is particularly important in terms of parameter validation - the identification efficiency and costs of an RFID system implementation can be evaluated properly only on the basis of real values of considered parameters.
Ecumenical aspirations in the past 25 years in the Evangelical Church A. C. in Romania as reflected in the work of the two church leaders: Christoph Klein and Hans Klein
Authors: Fröhlich Hans Bruno
Published: June 2016

The volume “Geistliche Leitbilder und Weggefährten – Betrachtungen” written by the former bishop D. Dr. Christoph Klein, released in March 2015 (Schiller Verlag Bonn – Hermannstadt) and inspired by the fact, that the former vice bishop Dr. Hans Klein is turning 75 in November this year (2015), led the author to write this article. It is about two church leading personalities: Christoph Klein (commissioned as Bishop of the Evangelical Church A. C. in Romania between 1990 – 2010) and Hans Klein (commissioned as Vice Bishop of the same church between 1994 – 2007), whose commitment for the relationship between the Evangelical Church A. C. and the other churches inside and outside the country is nothing but to be admired. Deeply ecumenically committed, these two personalities have become spiritual models not only for the author of this article but also for many others.
Climatic Fluctuations Reflected in Slope and Fluvial Systems of Polish Carpathians and their Foreland During Upper Quaternary
Authors: Starkel Leszek
Published: June 2016

On continents, besides lake and bogs, we observe non-continuous sedimentation where particular layers or whole members represent time intervals of various lengths separated by breaks of different origin. Both, fluvial and slope sediments or forms carry climatic signal. By analyzing sources of sediments, factors of transfer, duration of deposition we reconstruct climatic changes (mainly temperature, precipitations and circulation of water). We order the collected records after age and tracing longitudinal profiles of slopes and river valleys. The slopes and valley floors inform us about spatial differentiation of extreme climatic-hydrological events and on their reflection in degradation or aggradation. All this information sums up the records collected in various projects or commissions like IGCP-158 and GLOCOPH (Starkel ed. 1982–1996; Starkel et al. 2007), Climatostratigraphy of the Holocene of Polish territory (Starkel et al. 2013) as well INTIMATE (Starkel et al. 2015; Gębica et al. 2015). It may be concluded that fluctuations in temperature combined with expansion of permafrost were the leading factors in transformation of landscape of analyzed area of Southern Poland during last cold stage, which is in contrary to the Holocene, when variations in humidity especially in frequency of extreme events played a leading role. The continental records very well express the role of transitional phases.
Binding and blocking in Nuosu
Authors: Gerner Matthias
Published: June 2016

I argue for a binding theory that posits binding and blocking conditions as underived primitives as opposed to a binding theory that derives blocking conditions from binding conditions via an independent scale of dependency (
The Historical Science Novel and the Narrative of an Emergent Scientific Discourse
Authors: Schaffeld Norbert
Published: June 2016

This paper offers an analysis of three historical science novels, John Banville’sKepler(1981), Tracy Chevalier’sRemarkable Creatures(2009), and Clare Dudman’sWegener’s Jigsaw(2003), to address a number of interrelated questions that cover, for example, specific features of the genre, the narrative mode employed as well as its epistemic advantage, and the fictional integration of an emergent scientific discourse. While Banville’sKeplerestablishes a close affinity between the mathematical, the aesthetic and the narrative form, Chevalier’s neo-Romantic novelRemarkable Creaturesmakes full use of alternating first-person narratives to highlight the exceptional friendship of the historical fossil hunters Mary Anning and Elizabeth Philpot at a time when palaeontology was about to become a scientific discipline. The third novel, Clare Dudman’s imagined autofictionWegener’s Jigsaw, uses an autodiegetic narrator and a device that I refer to as ‘mentor-mentee constellation’ to facilitate a narrative transmission which guarantees that Alfred Wegener and his continental drift theory will find favour with the readership when he falls victim to oppressive scientific discourse.
FINANCIAL TRANSACTION TAXATION IN AGENT-BASED SIMULATION
Authors: Šperka Roman , Szarowská Irena
Published: June 2016

The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of fi nancial transaction taxes (FTTs) on the stability of fi nancial markets. This paper presents an agent-based fi nancial market model and simulations in which agents follow technical and fundamental trading rules to determine their speculative investment positions. The model developed by Westerhoff (2009) was chosen for implementation and was extended by FTT and arising transaction costs. Because FTTs may be defi ned in various ways, this paper defi nes assets as tax objects. The model includes direct interactions between speculators, which may lead them to decide to change their trading behavior and addresses a technical and a fundamental strategy of market participants. The results suggest that the modifi ed model has a tendency to stabilize itself in the long term if fundamental trading rules outweigh the technical trading method. This model could be used when bubbles and crashes occur in fi nancial markets. Asset prices would be stabilized because their value targets near the fundamental value and volatility would also be minimized. Setting FTTs at a low rate for market stabilization is important. If FTTs and consequent transaction costs are too high, then the fi nancial system will destabilize and prices will grow without limit. The model described in this paper explores dependence market stability to the extent of FTTs. However, the model should not be interpreted as a model only for the introduction of FTT, but as a general model of transaction costs’ infl uence on the fi nancial market.
For Oompa-Loompas, Orange Was the New Black
Authors: Eplett Layla
Published: June 2016

For some, Roald Dahl's Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a story made of pure imagination. For others, it is emblematic of colonial ideology since the Oompa-Loompas were originally depicted as African pygmies. This article explores the inspiration, interpretation, and revisions of the classic story and looks at its appropriateness within children's literature.
Priming for destruction: septins at the crossroads of mitochondrial fission and bacterial autophagy
Authors: Spiliotis Elias T , Dolat Lee
Published: June 2016

Mitochondria are essential organelles for cell survival, programmed cell death, and autophagy. They undergo cycles of fission and fusion, which are subverted by infectious pathogens and altered in many human diseases. Mitochondrial fission is mediated by the dynamin‐related protein Drp1, but the precise mechanism of its action is not well understood. In the last and current issues of EMBO Reports, two new studies reveal that the filamentous septin GTPases interact directly with Drp1, promoting mitochondrial fission. Moreover, mitochondria were found to promote the assembly of septin filaments into cages around cytosolic Shigella flexneri bacteria , which are targeted for autophagy. Thus, septins emerge as integral components of the machinery of mitochondrial fission and may pose a novel link between mitochondria and autophagy.
ENDOCRINOLOGY IN PREGNANCY: Pregnancy and the incidence, diagnosing and therapy of Graves’ disease
Authors: Laurberg Peter , Andersen Stine Linding
Published: June 2016

Thyroid hormones are essential developmental factors, and Graves’ disease (GD) may severely complicate a pregnancy. This review describes how pregnancy changes the risk of developing GD, how early pregnancy by several mechanisms leads to considerable changes in the results of the thyroid function tests used to diagnose hyperthyroidism, and how these changes may complicate the diagnosing of GD. Standard therapy of GD in pregnancy is anti-thyroid drugs. However, new studies have shown considerable risk of birth defects if these drugs are used in specific weeks of early pregnancy, and this should be taken into consideration when planning therapy and control of women who may in the future become pregnant. Early pregnancy is a period of major focus in GD, where pregnancy should be diagnosed as soon as possible, and where important and instant change in therapy may be warranted. Such change may be an immediate stop of anti-thyroid drug therapy in patients with a low risk of rapid relapse of hyperthyroidism, or it may be an immediate shift from methimazole/carbimazole (with risk of severe birth defects) to propylthiouracil (with less risk), or maybe to other types of therapy where no risk of birth defects have been observed. In the second half of pregnancy, an important concern is that not only the mother with GD but also her foetus should have normal thyroid function.
Surgical Treatment of Intracardiac-Extending Intravenous Leiomyomatosis: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Li Yang , Yang Nan , Lu Long , Ma Fengxia , Yao Jianmin
Published: June 2016

Background: Few data were known on surgical management of intracardiac-extending in patients with intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL).
Methods: From June 2007 to December 2014, six women (mean age, 39.3 ± 7.5 years; range, 24-55 years) with intracardiac-extending IVL were treated surgically at our hospital. Data were obtained from medical and pathological records, including characteristics of patients, surgical management, and follow-up.
Results: Surgery was performed successfully in all patients. Of 6 patients, 4 underwent one-stage operation and 2 underwent two-stage procedures. Circulatory arrest with hypothermia was used for a cardiotomy combined with venotomy in
5 patients. Complete resection was done in 5 patients. There were no perioperative deaths or complications in any of the patients. Hospital stay was 11.2 ± 2.9 days (range 7-15 days). All patients were followed-up for a mean of 41.0 ± 19.1 months (range, 17-69 months) after surgery. A recurrence of pelvic mass was found in 1 patient, but no symptoms or intravenous mass were reported. No obstruction occurred in any patient with a venotomy.
Conclusion: Surgery is a better therapy for IVL and complete removal has favorable outcomes.
Stent Embolism after Coronary Angiography: Case Report
Authors: Temur Bahar , Can Tolga , Karaagac Anil , Ugur Murat , Kaplan Mehmet , Aydogan Hakki , Olsun Adlan , Eren Mehmet
Published: June 2016

Endovascular interventions are widely performed of late; complications including stent embolism of arteries and veins, dislocation, or malposition of medical devices are frequently seen. Peripheral stent embolisms are generally asymptomatic, but when they cause acute ischemia or severe symptoms like claudication they must be removed. Stents can be removed not only with surgical techniques but also with endovascular maneuvers. In this case report, we state that in symptomatic peripheral arterial embolization cases, surgical intervention is the first choice for treatment due to the complexity and high risk of complications when using endovascular maneuvers.
Patient and Parent-Reported Signs and Symptoms for Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis
Authors: Lindgren Christina , Neuman Mark I. , Monuteaux Michael C. , Mandl Kenneth D. , Fine Andrew M.
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Identifying symptomatic patients who are at low risk for group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis could reduce unnecessary visits and antibiotic use. The accuracy with which patients and parents report signs and symptoms of GAS has not been studied. Our objectives were to measure agreement between patient or parent and physician-reported signs and symptoms of GAS and to evaluate the performance of a modified Centor score, based on patient or parent and physician reports, for identifying patients at low risk for GAS pharyngitis.

METHODS:

Children 3 to 21 years old presenting to a single tertiary care emergency department between October 2013 and January 2015 were included if they complained of a sore throat and were tested for GAS. Patients or parents and physicians completed surveys assessing signs and symptoms to determine a modified age-adjusted Centor score for GAS. We evaluated the overall agreement and κ between patient or parent and physician-reported signs and symptoms and compared the performance of the scores based on assessments by patients or parents and physicians and the risk of GAS.

RESULTS:

Of 320 patients enrolled, 107 (33%) tested GAS positive. Agreement was higher for symptoms (fever [agreement = 82%, κ = 0.64] and cough [72%, 0.45]) than for signs (exudate [80%, 0.41] and tender cervical nodes [73%, 0.18]). Agreement was highest when no signs and symptoms contained in the Centor score were present (94%, κ = 0.61). The proportion of patients testing GAS positive rose as the modified Centor score increased.

CONCLUSIONS:

For identifying GAS pharyngitis, patients or parents and physicians showed moderate to substantial agreement for 3 of 4 key pharyngitis signs and symptoms.
Los rituales funerarios, un acercamiento teórico y metodológico al estudio de las prácticas mortuorias y sus significados durante la fase Curridabat (300-800 d.C.)
Authors: Peytrequín Gómez Jeffrey
Published: June 2016

En este artículo se discuten los alcances de un acercamiento teórico específico, basado en la perspectiva de la historia como una narrativa y la arqueología de acción, con respecto al análisis de contextos funerarios. La información se va hilando con el propósito de sugerir su aplicación hacia un caso de estudio específico referente a prácticas rituales en el Intermontano Central de Costa Rica.

 

 
Procesos de trabajo lítico en el sitio Manzanillo durante la Fase Orso de la Bahía de Culebra
Authors: Herrera Villalobos Anayensy , Solís Del Vecchio Felipe
Published: June 2016

Entre los siglos II y IV después de Cristo, los pobladores del sitio Manzanillo en la Bahía de Culebra, confeccionaron diversas herramientas en piedra, empleando materias primas de origen local y externo. En este artículo se emplean los conceptos marxistas de proceso de trabajo y valor de uso para comprender las actividades ocurridas en un contexto doméstico.

 

 
«Puntos de fuga» en Carara: Convivencia y construcción social del porvenir
Authors: Lobo Montoya Diego
Published: June 2016

Este artículo procura comprender y visualizar los procesos auto-eco-reorganizativos de la sociedad en su verdadera dimensión y potencial. Para esto, se muestran algunos ejemplos presentes en la realidad social de Carara y se entretejen sus relaciones orgánicas con una propuesta sistémica y bioética más amplia. Se sostiene que algunas de las cualidades encontradas en la realidad de Carara constituyen verdaderas fuerzas autopoiéticas que pueden establecer «puntos de fuga» para refundar lo microsocial con perspectiva planetaria.

 

 
Elementos para soñar la Universidad
Authors: Quesada Sancho Rolando
Published: June 2016

Las discusiones que día con día se generan en los diferentes espacios académicos, tienen como referente el estado actual de la educación superior. De manera que las reflexiones y discusiones que se pueden elaborar acerca del estado actual y futuro de la educación superior y particularmente de la Universidad de Costa Rica son abundantes. Aquí se comparten algunas de las ideas, que emergen de la realidad universitaria. Se trata más que de exposición, de problematizar una situación cotidiana. En otras palabras, se trata de soñar con posibilidades.
La deconstrucción del “deber ser” patriarcal
Authors: Mandel Katz Claudia
Published: June 2016

El papel principal de la mujer en la historia del arte fue siempre la de ser representada, la de aparecer como "objeto" de la mirada androcéntrica, y pocas veces como “sujeto” productor de representaciones. Estrategias como el fotoperformance y el video performance, colocan al cuerpo femenino en una posición ergonal, transformándolo en un espacio texto de resistencia que centraliza su propia subjetividad y deconstruye los códigos estéticos y culturales patriarcales dominantes.
The rediscovery of Brownlowia tersa (L.) Kosterm. (Malvaceae), from the Andaman Islands, India — a Near Threatened mangrove species
Authors: Ragavan P. , Saxena Alok , Mohan P.M. , Jeyaraj R.S.C , Ravichandran K.
Published: June 2016

Brownlowia tersa, described by C.E. Parkinson from the Andaman Islands during the 1920s, was never recollected. The present report concerns its recent collection from North Andaman and Middle Andaman Islands with updated nomenclature, detailed description and distribution notes. It is considered a near threatened species due to habitat loss.
First records of the genus Allotilla Schuster, 1949 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) in Brazil
Authors: Auko Tiago H. , Bartholomay Pedro R. , Luz David R. , Waldren George C. , Williams Kevin A.
Published: June 2016

The monotypic genus Allotilla Schuster, 1949, previously known only from the Chaco biogeographic province of Argentina and Paraguay, is recorded for the first time in Brazil. These new records extend the known range of the genus to a new biogeographic dominion.
Estado de la credibilidad de medios en Ecuador
Authors: Rodrigo-Mendizábal Iván Fernando
Published: June 2016

El artículo recoge los datos de la encuesta anual, hasta 2014, realizada en Ecuador, acerca de la credibilidad de medios y periodistas. La credibilidad es de actualidad en Ecuador, ya que las leyes y la crítica gubernamental han puesto en tensión al campo de medios de comunicación. Los datos reflejan variabilidad con respecto la coyuntura política. Es así que la televisión tiene credibilidad, mientras que la prensa ha debido cambiar sus estrategias, optimizando sus índices. Los periodistas de televisión, igualmente, tienen mejor posición que aquellos que trabajan en otros sectores de medios, notándose índices bajos. Hay problemas de independencia, imparcialidad, transparencia, entre otros, hechos que afectan la percepción de la opinión pública ecuatoriana.
Paul Gauguin y Mario Vargas Llosa, entre el arte y la literatura.Manao Tupapau-El espíritu del muerto la recuerda, 1892
Authors: Vanegas Carlos
Published: June 2016

Entre el arte y la literatura se han generado múltiples reflexiones que han sido estudiadas por la historia del arte, la teoría literaria y la estética, entre otros. Igualmente, podemos considerar una larga tradición de artistas y escritores que se han empeñado, por medio de ensayos, críticas y manifiestos, en considerar los ámbitos y lugares de competencia de cada forma artística, así como sus lugares de similitud y diferencia en una larga tradición de préstamos interartísticos entre la palabra y la imagen. En el seno de esta discusión, se quiere analizar el diálogo disciplinar entre la literatura y el arte que se da en torno a la figura del pintor post impresionista Paul Gauguin y el escritor Mario Vargas Llosa. Para ello, reflexionamos a partir de una de las obras fundamentales del pintor francés, que tiene su correspondencia y complementariedad en la obra literaria del escritor peruano. De esta manera, se presenta una revisión de una fuente literaria que propone no solo una alusión temática a la obra del pintor, sino que se enmarca bajo coordenadas estéticas, que superan los armazones de las teorías o historias meramente literarias.
El hallazgo permanente: la cubanidad en la poética de José Lezama Lima
Authors: Santiesteban Madelín Zeida Pupo
Published: June 2016

Este estudio se propone un acercamiento al diálogo de la literatura de José Lezama Lima con la cubanidad, la insularidad y su relación con el Sistema Poético que creó y se expresa tanto en verso como en prosa, atendiendo a algunos fragmentos de su vasta obra para ejemplificar las ideas expuestas por un escritor que articuló  la literatura nacional con una preocupación universal.
AMBULATORY LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY IS SAFE AND COST-EFFECTIVE: a Brazilian single center experience
Authors: TEIXEIRA Uirá Fernandes , GOLDONI Marcos Bertozzi , MACHRY Mayara Christ , CECCON Pedro Ney , FONTES Paulo Roberto Ott , WAECHTER Fábio Luiz
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Background - Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for gallstone disease, and has been perfomed as an outpatient surgery in many Institutions over the last few years. Objective - This is a retrospective study of a single center in Brazil, that aims to analyze the outcomes of 200 cases of ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by the same Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary team, evaluating the safety and cost-effectiveness of the method. Methods - Two hundred consecutive patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were retrospectively analyzed; some of them underwent additional procedures, as liver biopsies and abdominal hernias repair. Results - From a total of 200 cases, the outpatient surgery protocol could not be carried out in 22 (11%). Twenty one (95.5%) patients remained hospitalized for 1 day and 1 (4.5%) patient remained hospitalized for 2 days. From the 178 patients who underwent ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 3 (1.7 %) patients returned to the emergency room before the review appointment. Hospital cost was on average 35% lower for the ambulatory group. Conclusion - With appropriate selection criteria, ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible, safe and effective; readmission rate is low, as well as complications related to the method. Cost savings and patient satisfaction support its adoption. Other studies are necessary to recommend this procedure as standard practice in Brazil.
“Soldado é superior ao tempo”: da ordem militar à experiência do corpo como locus de resistência
Authors: Silva Telma Camargo da
Published: June 2016

Resumo Em 1997, dez anos após o Desastre Radiológico de Goiânia, um grupo de policiais militares (PM’s) que trabalharam nas áreas contaminadas pelo césio-137 reivindicam como causa de seus distúrbios físicos e psicológicos o contato que tiveram com a radiação em 1987. Este trabalho, através das representações construídas sobre a noção de corpo contaminado e das experiências cotidianas vividas por PM’s em confronto com autoridades governamentais, militares, médicas e parlamentares, analisa a emergência do conceito de doença de radiação e a construção da noção de resistência em situação de desastre. Indo além do pressuposto foucaultiano de que a biomedicina articula formas de poder e controle sobre os corpos, suas percepções e tratamentos, eu discuto como as experiências de resistência destes policiais, através do uso simbólico do corpo, engendram novas formas de conceptualização do “corpo político”.
Improved compliance with the Reservoirs Act 1975 in England
Authors: King Liana J.
Published: June 2016

The Environment Agency has been the enforcement authority for the Reservoirs Act 1975 (the Act) for more than 10 years, originally for England and Wales and, since April 2013, for just England. Over that time the Environment Agency has worked hard to encourage greater compliance with the Act and has regularly monitored the level of compliance with its key requirements. In 2015, the overall level of non-compliance was at its lowest since the Flood and Water Management Act 2010 amendments came into force in 2013. In particular, the number of reservoirs with overdue measures to be taken in the interests of safety was at its lowest since the Environment Agency became enforcement authority. The paper examines the role of the enforcement authority in helping to ensure compliance with the Act and trends in the levels of non-compliance over the last decade.
Dinámica poblacional de Mammillaria humboldtii una cactácea endémica de Hidalgo, México
Authors: Martínez-Ramos Marisol , Arroyo-Cosultchi Gabriel , Mandujano María C. , Golubov Jordan
Published: June 2016

El género Mammillaria  es de los más diversificados dentro de la familia Cactaceae, México es su centro de diversificación, y los estudios que analicen detalladamente los ciclos de vida de especies pertenecientes a este género son necesarios para determinar el estado de sus poblaciones y planear estrategias de conservación. Mammillaria humboldtii (C. Ehrenb, L.) es una especie endémica de Hidalgo, actualmente se encuentra en la categoría de “amenazada” por la NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 y en “peligro crítico” por  la UICN.  Empleamos modelos de proyección matricial para evaluar el estado de conservación de una población de M. humboldtii dentro de la Reserva de la Biosfera Barranca de Metztitlán, durante dos años (2012-2013). Se construyó una matriz de transición  para poder calcular la tasa de crecimiento poblacional (?); se simularon los cambios en los elementos de la matriz que corresponden a la permanencia de banco de semillas, transición de semilla a plántula y  permanencia de adultos. La tasa de crecimiento poblacional ? es de 0.8044 (0.754-0.846) indicando que la población decrece un 20 %. El proceso demográfico al que ? es más sensible fue la estasis (S = 68.35 %), seguido del crecimiento (G = 18.09 %). El valor reproductivo más alto fue el de la categoría adulto 3, las simulaciones mostraron que al incrementar  el establecimiento de plántulas y la permanencia de adultos aumenta el valor de ? > 1, estos procesos son los principales cuellos de botella de la dinámica y crecimiento poblacional. Cualquier estrategia de manejo para la conservación de esta especie in situ deberá considerar el monitoreo a largo plazo de la población así como asegurar el establecimiento de plántulas y sobrevivencia de los adultos.
Análisis de la violencia hacia las niñas: un estudio de casos en un colegio de primaria
Authors: Moreno Sánchez Emilia , Vélez González Enrique
Published: June 2016

Los estereotipos culturales facilitan y permiten el uso de la violencia sobre las mujeres. Con este estudio pretendemos definir y analizar las manifestaciones de violencia hacia las niñas en los primeros años de su escolaridad donde se instauran comportamientos y actitudes que van a determinar sus relaciones como personas adultas. Para ello hemos realizado una investigación en cuya primera fase llevamos a cabo un estudio de casos en un colegio de primaria con el objetivo de comprender en profundidad este problema. En este artículo presentamos los primeros resultados del estudio.
Cultural stereotypes tend to allow for the use of violence against women. It is our purpose in this study to determine and analyse those aggressions against women in school ages, when behaviour and attitudes are still taking ground and will determine their relationships as adult women. With this project, consisting, in its first phase, in a case study in a primary school, we want to understand the dimension of the problem. The first results of the study are presented in this article
Intervención contra la violencia de género desde una perspectiva feminista: mujer y terapeuta
Authors: Castañón del Pozo Belén
Published: June 2016

En este artículo se pretende hacer patente el doble rol de muchas mujeres terapeutas,

que cada día disfrutamos, desde el feminismo, del ejercicio de nuestra profesión. Realizando nuestro trabajo como psicólogas no podemos olvidarnos, de que también somos mujeres. Así, si lo consideramos oportuno, no dudamos en acudir a nuestra experiencia como mujer para empatizar con otra mujer que demanda asistencia. Como es evidente, este doble rol nos posiciona en una situación privilegiada, permitiéndonos aplicar los conocimientos científicos, que indudablemente poseemos, con la mayor naturalidad, y sin ningún esfuerzo extra por nuestra parte, a la hora de entender una realidad, realidad que quizá también en algún momento haya sido la nuestra. Porque todas nosotras, antes de elegir ser terapeutas, inevitablemente fuimos mujeres. Al respecto, ADAVAS, asociación a la que pertenezco, me ofrece la posibilidad de
ejercer libremente mi profesión, siendo consciente su junta directiva, de mis procedimientos basados, además de en la Ciencia, en la cercanía y en el trato cálido, positivo y afable hacia las víctimas que demandan nuestro servicio.

 

In this article we would like to focus on the double role that lots of therapeutic women have and enjoy everyday, from the feminism, in the practice of our profession. Developing our job as Psychologists, we can not forget that we also are women. So, if we find it necessary, we have no doubts about using our experience as women to emphatice with the woman demanding help. Obviously, this double role gives us a privileged situation, allowing to apply the scientific knowledge that we have, without any extra effort when it comes to understand the reality that might be ours. Because, all of us, before choosing our profession, we already were women. At  that  respect,  ADAVAS,  the association  I  belong  to,  offers  the  possibility  of practicing my profession freely. ADAVAS’ board is conscious about my procedures based upon the science, in the nearness, warm, positive and nice relationships, with the victims who are demanding our help.

 
Las mujeres y la producción textil en la Roma Antigua
Authors: Medina Quintana Silvia
Published: June 2016

En las sociedades antiguas una de las principales ocupaciones de las mujeres eran los trabajos textiles, tanto desde un punto de vista socioeconómico como simbólico. Los autores antiguos reflejan y favorecen la idea de una mujer virtuosa trabajando en el telar o hilando, imagen muy presente también en la cultura romana. Sin embargo, la epigrafía nos ofrece una visión menos idealizada, pues nos informa de los oficios ejercidos por
mujeres de carne y hueso, sobre todo esclavas y personas de condición humilde en la mayoría de los casos.

In Ancient societies, textile labour was one of the main occupations for women, both from a socioeconomic and symbolic point of view. The idea of a virtuous woman spinning or working at a loom is illustrated and supported in the texts of the ancient authors, also a very frequent image in Roman culture. Nevertheless, epigraphic evidence
shows a less idealized picture, as it reveals real-life women who were in most cases slaves or from low class condition.
¿Políticas para mujeres?: la concepción del trabajo femenino en los partidos políticos durante la transición a la democracia. Reflexiones desde el caso almeriense (Almería, 1977-1983)
Authors: Segura Fernández Ángeles María
Published: June 2016

El periodo de transición a la democracia en España ha sido considerado tradicionalmente como un punto de inflexión en los vectores temáticos que marcan la agenda feminista. Los comportamientos generalmente observados en partidos políticos de diversa ideología sobre el trabajo femenino quedarán traducidos en discursos de carácter socioeconómico, que unas veces responderán a las políticas de igualdad de oportunidades reclamadas por las feministas, y otras ocasiones mostrarán residuos de la
concepción tradicional del rol femenino. En este artículo se analizarán los discursos de distintos partidos políticos en distintas convocatorias electorales en el periodo apuntado
anteriormente.

The period of transition to democracy in Spain has traditionally been viewed as a turning point in the thematic vectors that set the feminist agenda. The behaviour usually seen in political parties of diverse ideologies on women's work will be translated into socio-economic speeches that sometimes respond to the equal opportunity policies
claimed by feminists, and other times will remain some aspects about the traditional female role. This article analyzes the speeches of various political parties in various
elections in the period mentioned above.
Empleo femenino y medios de comunicación: dirigir en femenino
Authors: Rodríguez Pérez María del Pilar
Published: June 2016

El presente artículo refleja los resultados del estudio desarrollado por el equipo de investigación Género y medios de comunicación de los departamentos de Comunicación y Empresa de la Universidad de Deusto, y publicado por la Editorial LID bajo el título Dirigir en femenino. El libro aborda el tema del mundo del trabajo por parte de las mujeres desde una triple perspectiva. Por un lado se retrata la realidad laboral de las mujeres en España a través de datos secundarios. En segundo lugar se realiza un vaciado de noticias de prensa y se analiza tanto la prensa diaria general y económica como las publicaciones dirigidas a público femenino para ver el tratamiento que los
medios de comunicación hacen de las mujeres en ámbitos empresariales. En tercer lugar se realiza una encuesta a una muestra representativa de la CAPV que pretende conocer la percepción del público en general de la realidad de las mujeres directivas tal y como la conocen a través de los medios. Todo ello se completa con la aportación de algunas protagonistas de los medios de comunicación y del mundo empresarial.

This article presents the results of a research project carried out by the Gender and Media research group at Deusto University in San Sebastián, and published under the title Dirigir en femenino by LID. The book analyzes work and labour practices as related to women from a triple perspective. Firstly it shows a picture of the situation in Spain through data and reports focused on various aspects such as female unemployment, female leadership or the glass ceiling, among others. Then, it studies Spanish economic and daily press and shows the results of a detailed analysis on the portrayal of business women. Finally, the results of an opinion survey carried out in the
Basque Country provide an accurate image of the social perceptions around business women and their media projections. To conclude some influential business women give their own views on the matter.

 
Género, empleo y maternidad: análisis comparativo de mujeres con trabajo remunerado y amas de casa
Authors: Martínez Pilar , Carrasco María José , Aza Gonzalo , Espinar Isabel , Blanco Ángeles
Published: June 2016

Entre los cambios sociales más destacados en las últimas décadas en España, al igual que en otros países occidentales, está el incremento espectacular del número de mujeres que, además de sus responsabilidades familiares, tienen un trabajo remunerado y lo mantienen cuando se casan y cuando tienen hijos. Este cambio ha supuesto una menor presencia de la mujer en los espacios que hasta ahora venía ocupando y ha demandado, por lo tanto, una reorganización de las estructuras y las relaciones en el hogar y en los roles que tanto varones como mujeres han venido desempeñando. Los cambios en la actividad de las mujeres se pueden rastrear a través de las tasas de empleo, el tipo de empleo, o el abandono del mercado laboral. Sin embargo, los datos relativos al cambio en los roles y en las relaciones familiares son más difíciles de documentar. En este artículo se llevará a cabo un análisis de las características del empleo en las mujeres y del contexto ideológico en que se desarrolla, atendiendo a sus implicaciones en las relaciones familiares. Se presentará por último un estudio empírico en el que se
comparan mujeres con hijos pequeños que tienen un empleo remunerado y mujeres que no lo tienen en algunas variables personales y familiares relevantes en el tema de la relación entre familia y trabajo.

The number of couples in which both partners have a job, and must balance work and family roles, has increased dramatically over the past thirty years. In Spain as in other
western countries the number of women who continue in their employment when they marry and have children, has been steadily increasing. This change has brought a decrease in the woman´s presence at home and a reorganization of the traditional family roles and relationships for both women and men. Although changes in women activity may be studied through their employment rate, type of employment and drop out of the
labor market, it is much more difficult to study changes in family gender roles and family relationships. This article will examine women´s and in particular mother´s employment, taking into account the sociological patterns and the ideological context in which it occurs and its relationship with family dynamics. Finally, it will be presented an empirical research comparing mothers who are employed and mothers who are not in some relevant family and individual areas.
Mujeres y universitarias: historia de un desencuentro en la universidad española contemporánea
Authors: Poy Castro Raquel
Published: June 2016

En las últimas décadas, las bajas tasas de mujeres que cursan estudios universitarios, así como el hecho de que esas tasas se han ido incrementando, han sido analizadas por investigadores en España así como en Europa y otros países. En nuestro análisis, hemos observado que las tasas femeninas de estudiantes están creciendo año tras año pero con significativas diferencias entre disciplinas académicas. Por esta razón, nuestro propósito ha sido recoger datos de las universidades españolas, de cara a observar tendencias y sus orígenes. Nuestro estudio incluye porcentajes de mujeres enroladas en las diversas áreas académicas de estudios en las universidades españolas, comparadas con los porcentajes en el conjunto de la Academia. También incluye algunos datos sobre los porcentajes de mujeres entre los estudiantes de doctorado, así como entre el personal docente de los
departamentos en las facultades, y los comparamos según el estatus académico. Finalmente, presentamos algunas conclusiones sobre las barreras en la carrera académica para las profesoras en las universidades españolas entre 1978 y 2008. Estos datos revelan los crecientes porcentajes de mujeres que durante los pasados años han
seguido estudios superiores. También muestran algunas diferencias entre áreas académicas, y asimismo que existe una significativa tendencia de género en el acceso de
las estudiantes graduadas a las categorías superiores del personal docente.

In the last decades, the low rates of women that follow studies at the university level, as well as the fact that those rates are increasing, have been analyzed by researchers in
Spain, as well as in Europe and in some other countries. In our analysis, we have seen that female students’ rates are increasing year after year but with significant differences
between academic disciplines. For this reason, our purpose was to compile data from Spanish universities, in order to see the tendencies and their origins. Our study includes
percentages of women enrolled in the diverse academic areas of studies at the Spanish universities, compared to the percentages in the whole Academia. It also includes some data on the percentages of women among PhD students, as well as among the teaching staff of the departments in the faculties, and we compare them by academic status. Finally, we present some conclusions on the barriers in the academic career for female professors in the Spanish universities between 1978-2008. These data reveal the increasing percentages of women that for the past last years have followed higher studies. They also show some differences among academic areas, and also that there is a significant gender bias in the access of graduated female students to the upper categories of teaching staff.
Sobre la mirada de género en la salud reproductiva y la construcción social de la maternidad
Authors: Castellanos Torres Esther , Soriano Villarroel Isabel
Published: June 2016

El presente artículo contempla tres objetivos: 1) explicitar que la sexualidad engloba la reproducción humana; 2) reflexionar sobre la maternidad como construcción social y 3) entender la reproducción social como sustentadora del orden económico y social patriarcal. A partir de la lectura de fuentes secundarias de diferentes autoras que han abordado estas cuestiones desde un planteamiento constructivista de la maternidad y las relaciones de género, se ha reflexionado y estructurado el artículo en tres apartados que dan respuesta a los objetivos. Por último, se plantean conclusiones encaminadas a posibilitar el ejercicio pleno de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos.

This article seeks three objectives: 1) to clarify that sexuality includes also human reproduction, 2) to reflect on motherhood as a social construction and 3) to understand the social reproduction as a supporter of the patriarchal, social and economic order. The article answers the objectives in three sections from a point of view of a constructivist approach to the motherhood and the gender relations through the reading of secondary sources of several authoresses. Finally, the article sets some conclusions out in order to make possible the full exercise of sexual and reproductive rights.
Estudio piloto: una aproximación cualitativa a la fibromialgia desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Briones Vozmediano Erica
Published: June 2016

La Fibromialgia es una enfermedad que afecta principalmente a las mujeres y cuya etiología permanece desconocida. Se parte de la concepción de que las desigualdades de género pueden ser determinantes de las diferencias en salud. El presente estudio piloto pretende ofrecer una primera aproximación a la comprensión de la enfermedad de fibromialgia desde un enfoque de género, que explora tanto las causas como las consecuencias en la calidad de vida de las pacientes. Para ello, se han efectuado cuatro entrevistas en profundidad a mujeres afectadas de fibromialgia residentes en la provincia de Alicante (España).

Fibromyalgia is a disease that affects mainly women, of which etiology remains unknown. We start from the idea that gender inequalities can be determinant of differences in health. The present pilot study aims to provide a first approximation into the understanding of the fibromyalgia disease, from a gender perspective, that explores both the causes and the consequences on the quality of life of female patients. To this end, we carried out four in-depth interviews with women diagnosed with fibromyalgia who live in Alicante (Spain).
Presencia del sexo/género en el curriculum de los estudios de enfermería
Authors: Panisello Chavarria María Luisa , Pastor Gosálvez Inma , Mateu Gil María Luisa , Lasaga Heriz María Amaia
Published: June 2016

El artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio realizado en la Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería del Campus Terres de l’Ebre de la Universidad Rovira i Virgili (Tarragona), con el objetivo de saber si el conocimiento que existe sobre las diferencias y desigualdades por razón de sexo/género en relación con los problemas de salud, está presente en la formación del alumnado diplomado en enfermería. Dada la actual implantación de nuevos planes de estudios dentro del marco de la convergencia europea de enseñanzas superiores entendemos que es el momento de incidir en la incorporación de la perspectiva de género en el estudio de la salud para adecuar la formación a las necesidades de salud de la comunidad.

The article presents the results of a study carried out at the University of Rovira i Virgili Nursing School (Campus Terres de l’Ebre), in order to know whether the existing knowledge about the differences and inequalities related to sex and/or gender related to health problems are present in the Nursing Career formation. Given the current implementation of new curricula within the framework of the European convergence on higher education we understand it is time to influence the incorporation of the gender perspective in health study to adjust the formation to the health needs of the community.