bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Society of Eastern Poland in Light of the Use of Hotels Providing Pro-Environmental Activities
Authors:   University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Mazurek-Kusiak A. K. , Bednarska B. ,   University of Life Sciences in Lublin
Published: December 2022

The aim of the study is to analyse the attitudes of the society of Eastern Poland (Lublin voivodeship, Podkarpackie voivodeship and Podlaskie voivodeship) towards a range of hotels that declare the pro-ecological activities in their offer. Efforts have been made to identify barriers to higher prices for respondents from the surveyed regions as an increased cost of protecting the environment. The paper presents the hypothesis: on the market of accommodation services in Eastern Poland there are groups of tourists who, when booking an accommodation, pay attention to the environmental aspects of hotel operations, including the ISO 14001 certificate, an economical energy policy and a rational waste policy in the hotel. To achieve the intended purpose, the study used the method of a diagnostic survey with a research tool in the form of an original questionnaire that provided necessary data. The study was conducted from May to October 2017 among residents of Eastern Poland (0.02 % the population of residents in Lublin voivodeship, Podkarpackie voivodeship and Podlaskie voivodeship) using hotel accommodation services. The discriminant function analysis was used for statistical calculation. Among the population of Eastern Poland aged over 60, the interest in choosing a hotel that conducts pro-environmental activities is low. As many as 25.89 % of them are not able to pay a higher price for an accommodation in a hotel that conducts activities and investments in the field of environmental protection. This is mainly due to the low income of this social group. However, in groups of younger Poles from the Eastern Poland Region, the lower the age range, the fewer people would refuse to additionally pay for a service in a hotel that pursues pro-ecological policy. Eastern Poles up to 30 years old are more environmentally conscious. As many as 86.31 % of them are able to pay up higher price for a night in an ecofriendly hotel. At the same time, these people generate a greater demand for the services of ecological hotels. The significant statistical factors in choosing an ecofriendly hotel by guests from Eastern Poland were: the preparation of meals from organic products, running a cost-effective energy policy and having the ISO 14001 certificate. However, the statistically significant barriers were: low income related of consumers from Eastern Poland, lack of knowledge about environmental activities in hotels, no promotion of ecological hotels, to desire to purchase the cheapest accommodation by guests.
Digital Maturity of Core Enterprises: Assessment and Impact on Territorial Development
Authors:   RUDN University, Ovchinnikova O. P. , Kharlamov M. M. ,   Gagarin Research & Test Cosmonaut Training Center
Published: December 2022

Despite a significant number of studies on the development of single-industry towns and core enterprises, digital maturity of an enterprise and, subsequently, the impact of digital maturity of a core enterprise on the economic and social development of a territory remain an underdeveloped topic. Based on a hypothesis that digital maturity is a trigger for territorial development, this study assesses the digital maturity of core enterprises, i.e. their readiness to implement new technologies in all business processes for improving productivity and competitiveness. Digital maturity levels were determined according to the identification of strategic areas of activity, including unique technological competencies and personnel work. The proposed strategy for developing a new digital maturity model of enterprises takes into account the structure and content of existing models, since there are currently no best practices that can be scaled. In order to analyse digital maturity levels in detail, a survey of the expert community, as well interviews with digital transformation specialists were conducted. As a result, we constructed a digital maturity model of core enterprises that includes five levels, characterising organisational, production, human resources and external (impact on territorial development) processes. The parameter of the job creation multiplier was tested in the developed model. As a result, the conducted research confirmed the hypothesis that digital development of enterprises directly affects the territorial development. This, on the one hand, opens new opportunities for the socio-economic development of territories, and, on the other hand, places new demands on the digital infrastructure, quality of provided services, personnel competence, etc. The research results are of interest to state and local authorities, industry core enterprises, and the scientific community, as the obtained findings determine the prospects for studying digital maturity in relation to territorial and industrial development.
Quasi-permanent Motion of a Complex Mechanical System
Authors: Makeev Nikolay N.
Published: December 2022

The motion of a mechanical system with a variable mass composition and variable geometric configuration is studied, continuously changing in time according to a given deterministic program. A free mechanical system moves relative to the center of mass under the influence of reactive, variational, coriolis and linear dissipative forces so that its center of mass does not move relative to the unchanging basis of the system (the carrier body). The motion of the particles of the changeable part of the system (attached masses – the working body) relative to the carrier is continuous in time and has a shock-free character determined by a given control program. We consider the problem of finding the necessary conditions for the existence of the system under which one of the components of the absolute angular velocity of the unchanging part of the sys-tem is constant (quasipermanent motion). These conditions are interpreted as control relations imposed on the mechanical system, realizing quasipermanent motion. This problem is solved using the integral manifold method of the system of equations of motion of the object under study.
Olga Alexandrovna Ladyzhenskaya (to the 100th anniversary of her birth)
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Melnikov Roman A.
Published: December 2022

O. A. Ladyzhenskaya (1922–2004) is a well-known domestic mathematician of world renown, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, a prominent specialist in the field of mathematical physics, author of 345 scientific publications. 100 years have passed since her birth in the outgoing 2022. The scientific legacy she left in the field of the theory of partial differential equations, functional analysis, as well as approximate and numerical methods is diverse and very significant. She contributed to the solution of the most difficult mathematical problems, such as Hilbert's 19th and 20th problems. Her research contributed to the development of the linear and quasilinear equations theory of elliptic and parabolic types, as well as numerical methods. The scientific school of mathematical physics, the theory of partial differential equations and their applications in continuum mechanics and hydrodynamics, as well as students well known to the world mathematical community, were created by her.
Investigation of Defects in Models of Functional Requirements Created by Students in Object-oriented Analysis
Authors:   Perm State University, Datsun Nataliya N.
Published: December 2022

Assessment of the degree of level of IT specialists professional competencies when performing tasks in practice-oriented disciplines is an actual problem. Defects in functional requirements models created by students in object-oriented analysis affect the rest of the information system modeling stages. The aim is to study defects in UCDs. The tasks are study of the distribution of the number of types of defects and their number in UCD with a low level of detail, created by IT-students at the stage of object-oriented analysis; study of the relationship between defects of various types over several academic years in order to detect the influence of pedagogical influence on the density of defects. Statistical analysis methods using relationship scales are applied. As a result of the study of a corpus of 247 models for the period from 2016–2017 to 2021–2022 academic year, 2585 defects were identified. Their classification is used: lexical, syntactic and semantic. Types of defects are identified in each class. The study used indicators: the number of defects types and the number of these defects. As a result, it was revealed that the distributions of UCD defects indicators are not normal distributions. The use of a teaching aid with examples of creating UCD in the educational process, starting from the 2019–2020 academic year, has led to a steady decrease in the number of defects. This is confirmed by a statistically significant 95 % difference in indicators for a pair of academic years 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 according to the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney criterion. A positive aver-age relationship was found between the number of defects in the lexical and semantic classes in 2016–2017, 2017–2018 and 2021–2022 academic years. A positive strong relationship was found in the class of lexical defects be-tween types that refer to the attributes of one element of the model. In all other cases, no connection has been iden-tified that can be taken into account. The approach used can be applied to analyze other types of student UML models.
About Using of Autoencoders for Anomaly Detection in Cyber-physical Systems
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Chernyshov Yuri Yu.
Published: December 2022

Using of autoencoder for anomaly detection in cyberphysical systems was investigated. Some popular methods and datasets were observed. Suggested approach was applied to data and task from SWAT dataset. Achieved results was compared with existing baselines.
CONSTRUCTION OF THE IMAGE OF THE “OTHER” IN “SIBERIAN CHRONICLES”
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Chernyshov S. A.
Published: December 2022

The study reconstructs the archetypal image of the “alien” in “Siberian Chronicles” based on a continuous quantitative corpus analysis of texts made by digital methods using special software. For a detailed analysis, the archetype of the “alien”, since the early stage of the annexation of Siberia to the Russian state by all indications (a different territory, a different faith, the Siberian Khanate as a military enemy) should be interpreted in the Siberian Chronicles as a paradigm conflict of “us/them” to resolve current socio-political tasks. To test this hypothesis, the classical text of the Siberian Chronicles was digitized, formally reorganized, and then analyzed using the Antconc software package, which determined the frequency of word forms and concordances. Based on such an analysis of the texts, the author concludes that the Siberian Chronicles form a neutral and even respectful image of the enemy. For example, the word form “king” is used in relation to Kuchum on average much more often than to the Moscow sovereign. In addition, the authors of the texts scrupulously approach the description of the Siberian Khanate, dwelling on its institutional characteristics. For the authors of the Siberian Chronicles, the enemy is not personified (first of all, in the image of the Siberian Khan Kuchum), but is embodied in the categories of a “different” political system as a whole. In general, according to the quantitative analysis, it is shown that the Siberian Chronicles construct the image of an “alien” (enemy, other) without a pronounced negative connotation and are not an ideological text that legitimizes the annexation of Siberia to the Russian state through derogatory characterizations of the enemy as a weak and unworthy rival.
RESULTS OF THE 1921–1922 WASHINGTON CONFERENCE SEEN BY THE BRITISH: PUBLICATION OF THE NEW ARCHIVAL DOCUMENTS
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Magadeev I. E.
Published: December 2022

The article aims at defining the key estimates made by the British political leadership in relation to the Washington conference, held in 1921–1922. Four documents, taken from the UK National Archives and published for the first time, formed the “skeleton” of the research. A commentary is attached to each document. The author also used other archival materials and published diplomatic evidence to reconstruct the context of the British estimates. The author concludes that the perception of the Washington conference’s results made by the political leadership of the UK and the Foreign Office correlates with the ideas that dominated in the historiography. The conference was seen mainly as a success, enabling London to achieve interconnected aims, i.e. to lessen Anglo-American tensions, to escape the naval armaments race, and to redistribute resources and money for financial and economic reconstruction. However, it would be misleading to see the Washington conference as the date of the birth of Pax Anglo-Americana, or to superimpose the realities of the post-1945 era on the interwar period. The decisions of 1921–1922 did not preclude the Anglo-American struggle for supremacy, and British leaders were not prepared to become the U.S. junior partners, as it would happen later.
THE WAR WITH PYRRHUS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROME IN III CENTURY BC
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Kazarov S. S.
Published: December 2022

The war of the Romans with King Pyrrhus of Epirus was a kind of borderline that conditionally divided the history of Roman republic into two main periods. Many modern researchers follow the concept of the Greek historian Polybius, who considered the expulsion of the Epirus king from Italy as the start of the gradual establishment of Roman hegemony in the Mediterranean. The further expansion of Rome, first to the South of Italy, and then outside – to Sicily, was accompanied by an internal political struggle between two groups in Roman society, one of which defended the agrarian development of Rome and therefore was not interested in expanding to the South and leaving Italy, but the second, represented by trade and craft circles, strove for new conquests and the acquisition of new markets. The question of the exact time of minting silver coins in Rome is highly controversial, but there is no doubt that their issue began soon after the end of the war with Pyrrhus. Another consequence of the Pyrrhic War was the recognition by the Romans of their vulnerability due to the lack of their own navy, the construction of which began twenty years after the events mentioned – during the first Punic War. After the war, there was a change in the mentality of the Romans, who, on the one hand, began to realize themselves as the masters of Italy. On the other hand, the harsh customs of their ancestors went down in history and were replaced by the desire for enrichment, undermining the moral foundations of the Roman Republic: the Romans, who had previously rejected the gifts of the emissary of the Epirus king, after a few decades, became familiar with luxury goods, becoming an obligatory subject of their daily life. Over time, the attitude of the Romans to the personality of the Epirus king himself changed. In their eyes, he turned from a noble hero into an ordinary enemy like Hannibal or Philip V. In fact, the victory of the Romans over Pyrrhus was a harbinger of the Punic wars and, ultimately, the establishment of the hegemony of Rome in the Mediterranean. But, speaking of the Pyrrhic war itself, modern researchers for some reason forget about the role of the personality of the Epirus king himself, which in one way or another caused the changes that took place in the history of Rome.
FINANCIAL STORMS IN THE PACIFIC: THE USA–JAPAN COMPETITION IN THE BANKING SECTOR (1970–2020)
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Nikitin L. V. ,   South Ural State University
Published: December 2022

The article deals with half a century of historical development (from the early 1970s to the present) of one of the key aspects of US-Japan political and economic relations – competition between the banking systems of these countries. Particular focus on this pair of financial forces is due to their leading positions in the global banking industry for many decades. The research is based on the 50-year series of statistical data, as well as national legislation, periodicals and memoirs. It is shown that the leadership of the USA in the banking sector, still retained by the early 1970s, looked increasingly less solid in the face of the rapid advance of Japanese financial groups (which, in turn, was connected with the “Japanese economic miracle” in the sphere of manufacturing). In the 1970s and 1980s, Japan not only surpassed the United States in banking performance, but also became the new dominant in the sector. Nevertheless, during the general slowdown of the Japanese economy over the next two decades, the banking leadership passed to the United States again. In both countries, these dramatic reversals were accompanied by profound reforms of national banking systems, with a clear similarity in the chronology and direction of transformations. Soon after the global recession of 2008–2009, the banking industries of the USA and Japan (closely tied, similar in regulation methods, and comparable in sizes) have entered relatively smooth trajectories. Now, however, both countries are lagging behind the new banking superpower of China.
Analysis of The Countries According to The Prosperity Level with Data Mining
Authors: KOLTAN YILMAZ Şebnem , ŞENER Sibel
Published: December 2022

Data mining (DM) includes techniques for finding meaningful information hidden in these massive data stacks. The aim of this study is to divide the countries into groups according to their prosperity levels with Cluster Analysis (CA), which is one of the DM techniques, and to show the applicability of the method. In this context, the 2019 data of 167 countries within the 12 prosperity indicators in The Legatum Prosperity Index (LPI) were used. In the study, countries were divided into groups with the Ward’s algorithm and the similarities between the countries were determined with the K-Means and Turkey's place in the groups was determined. The results show that countries are divided into three clusters according to their prosperity levels. The most effective indicators in dividing them into clusters are "market access and infrastructure, education, investment environment", and the least effective indicators are "social capital, natural environment, safety and security". It has been determined that Turkey is located in the middle prosperity level cluster and its "health, living conditions, education" indicators are the highest, while its "natural environment, personal freedom, management" indicators are the lowest.
Imaginaire sexiste/homophobe d'une langue africaine
Authors: ODOME ANGONE Ferdulis Zita
Published: December 2022

Le travail porte sur l’hétérolinguisme dans la littérature francophone à partir d’une perspective traductologique avec un cadre théorique pluridisciplinaire. De façon plus spécifique, la contribution interroge le sexisme et l’homophobie dans le langage à la fois comme le symptôme du rapport de pouvoir et l’un des mécanismes de sa mise en œuvre. Le corpus choisi se présente alternativement comme une recension monographique des ouvrages queer de la féministe équato-guinéenne Trifonia Melibea Obono. In fine, la réflexion vise la départriarcalisation de l’imaginaire des langues africaines dont le fang est une illustration paradigmatique.
Pazarlama stratejisinde önemli bir parametre olarak tüketici yorumları: tüketici yorumlarındaki puanlamalar ile duygusal eğilimler arasındaki ilişki
Authors: POLAT Hıdır , AĞCA Yılmaz
Published: December 2022

Sosyal medya insanların duygularını yaşadıkları ve paylaştıkları bir alana dönüşmüştür. Dolayısıyla bireylerin satın aldıkları ürün ya da hizmetlerle alakalı yaptıkları yorumlar ve değerlendirme puanlamaları, diğer müşterilerin satın alma davranışlarını etkilemektedir. Müşteriler, kullanıcıların duygusal eğilimlerine ilişkin kanıya genellikle verdikleri puanlamalar üzerinden ulaşmaktadır. İşletmelerin ise, kullanıcı yorumlarında saklı olan duygusal eğilimleri kullanıcı puanlamaları üzerinden tahmin etmeleri pazarlama sürecindeki atılacak adımları sorgulanabilir kılmaktadır. Bazen tüketiciler bir ürüne verdiği düşük puanlı bir yorumda olumlu ifadeleri çok daha fazla kullanabilmekte ve düşük puanın gerekçesini tek bir faktöre bağlayabilmektedir. Buna benzer örnekler, puanlar ile yorumlar arasındaki ilişkinin sorgulanmasına yol açmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı, tüketicilerin ürün ve hizmet kullanımından sonra verdikleri puanların, yorumlardaki duygusal eğilimlerin bir ölçüsü olarak kabul edilip edilemeyeceğini sorgulamaktır. Kullanıcı yorumlarına yönelik gerçekleştirilen metin madenciliği uygulaması sebebiyle araştırma nicel araştırma özelliğine sahiptir. Verilerin toplanması sürecinde web madenciliği/kazıma tekniği kullanılmıştır. Veriler popüler turizm platformu olan TripAdvisor.com üzerinden elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analiz edilmesinde metin madenciliği tekniklerinden biri olan duygu analizi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analiz sürecinde ise veri madenciliğinde etkin kullanıma sahip olan R programlama dilinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde, tüketici puanlamalarının pozitif duygusal eğilimleri yansıtma başarısının daha yüksek olduğu; negatif duygusal eğilimlerle arasında açıklık olduğu görülmektedir.
10 yaş grubu öğrencilerinin finansal okuryazarlık eğitimi almaları ile tüketim ve tasarruf davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin analizi
Authors: ŞENGEL Salim , ALTINIRMAK Serpil , YOLCU Hüseyin , ŞENGEL Şirin , AKGÜL Taylan , OKOTH Basil
Published: December 2022

Günümüzde yetişkinler kadar çocuklar da giderek karmaşık hale gelen ekonomik sistemde doğru kararlar verebilmelerini gerektiren bir çağda yaşamaktadırlar. Çocukların doğru finansal kararlar almalarını sağlamak için çocuklara finansal bilgi ve beceri kazandırılmasının kritik ve acil bir ihtiyaç olduğu pek çok araştırmacının ortak görüşüdür. Çocuklar için finansal eğitim programı hazırlanırken cinsiyet, ırk, yaş, eğitim düzeyi vb. birçok faktör dikkate alınmalıdır. Ayrıca eğitim programlarının çocukların yaşam boyu kullanabilecekleri finansal bilgi ve becerileri içerecek şekilde yapılandırılmaları önerilmektedir. Erken yaşlarda kazanılacak/kazandırılacak doğru tüketim alışkanlıkları ve tasarruf bilinci ile ülkemiz kalkınmasına katkı sağlanabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 10 yaş grubu öğrencilerinin finansal okuryazarlık eğitimleri ile tüketim ve tasarruf davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Araştırmada Eskişehir ili Tepebaşı ve Odunpazarı ilçe merkezinde Mustafa Kemal İlkokulu, Dumlupınar İlkokulu ve Şehit Mustafa Türker İlkokulu’na 4. Sınıfta öğrenim gören (10 yaş grubu) toplam 122 öğrenciden bir çalışma grubu oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma yarı-deneysel bir çalışma olarak yürütülmüştür. Bu doğrulta her üç okulda deney ve kontrol grupları oluşturulmuştur. Deney gruplarına araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan finansal okuryazarlık eğitim modüleri doğrultunda toplam 300 dakika (10 modül) eğitim verilmiştir. Araştırma sonunda deney grubunda bulunan öğrencilerin finansal okuryazarlık eğitimleri ile tüketim ve tasarruf konularında bilgi ve becerilerinin arttığı gözlenmiştir.
Genç yetişkinlerde nesne ilişkileri ile travma sonrası büyüme arasındaki ilişkide algılanan sosyal desteğin aracı rolü
Authors: KARAKOÇ Dilara , FARAJİ Haydeh
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 18-35 yaş arasındaki genç yetişkinlerin nesne ilişkileri ile travma sonrası büyüme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkide algılanan sosyal desteğin aracı rolünü incelemektir. Çalışmanın örneklemini 257 kadın (%76,9) 77(%23,1) erkek 334 katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama modeli ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılar, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan Sosyodemografik bilgi formu, Bell Nesne İlişkileri ve Gerçeği Değerlendirme Ölçeği (BORRTI), Travma Sonrası Büyüme Ölçeği (TSBÖ) ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) doldurmuşlardır. İstatistiksel analizler, Sosyal Bilimler için İstatistik (SPSS) Programı 25,00 ile yapılmıştır. Data analizi aşamasında aracı değişken analizi (PROCESS) ve Pearson korelasyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre nesne ilişkileri ile travma sonrası büyüme arasındaki ilişkide algılanan sosyal desteğin aracı rolü olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Iran: being a nuclear threshold state within a national resistance context
Authors: ALAGÖZ Bilgehan , TOPRAK Emine Gözde
Published: December 2022

For almost four decades, Iran's foreign policy rhetoric and actions have drawn the attention of the international community. Iran acquired a leadership role in the advocacy of oppressed people against oppressors after the 1979 Revolution. In this direction, it has exhibited two-pronged foreign policy behaviour over the years. One is the axis of resistance politics, and the second is the advancement of a nuclear program. The Iranian-led coalition network known as the ‘Axis of Resistance’ includes Shiite paramilitary groups in Iraq, the Syrian Ba'ath regime, Palestinian resistance organizations, and Hezbollah in Lebanon. Since the USA adopted the 'Axis of Evil’ rhetoric against Iran in 2002, Iran has simultaneously deepened its relations with the axis of resistance in the face of this pressure and has advanced its nuclear activities, which has transformed it into a nuclear threshold state. In this article, we argue that these two main foreign policy activities are inseparable and they are ultimately the consequence of Iran's adopted national role, i.e., the leader of the oppressed. Therefore, we discuss that with its resistance to the pressures relevant to the nuclear program, Iran intends to give a clear message to the proxies on the axis of resistance. We applied role theory on the relationship between the axis of resistance concept and nuclear policy to contribute to the prominent foreign policy debates over Iran's two inseparable foreign policy behaviours.
Demokrasi düzeyi ve ekonomik özgürlükler ülke kredi notları üzerinde etkili midir? BRICS-T ülkeleri üzerine bir uygulama
Authors: VERGİLİ Gizem , ÇELİK Mehmet Sinan
Published: December 2022

Ülke kredi notlarını etkileyen birçok makroekonomik ve finansal faktörün dışında demokrasi düzeyi ve ekonomik özgürlükler gibi faktörlerin de etkisinin olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Çalışma demokrasi düzeyinin ve ekonomik özgürlüklerin BRICS-T (Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin, Güney Afrika ve Türkiye) ülkelerinde kredi derecelendirme kuruluşları tarafından verilen ülke kredi notlarına etkisi olup olmadığının tespit edilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda bağımlı değişken olarak piyasanın neredeyse tamamını kontrol eden “Üç Büyük Kredi Derecelendirme Kuruluşu” olan Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s ve Fitch tarafından BRICS-T ülkelerine verilen harf notları “Karşılaştırmalı Ülke Derecelendirme İndeksi” (KÜDİ) ile sayısallaştırılmış ve bunların aritmetik ortalaması alınmıştır. Demokrasi düzeyi ve ekonomik özgürlükleri temsilen literatürde sıklıkla kullanılan “Demokrasi Kalitesi” ve “Ekonomik Özgürlükler İndeksi”, kontrol değişkenleri olarak da “Ekonomik Büyüme”, “Enflasyon” ve “Rezervler” yer almıştır. Panel Veri Analizinin kullanıldığı çalışmada doğru modelin seçimi için yapılan testler sonucunda “sabit etkiler modeli” uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda enflasyon hariç tüm bağımsız değişkenlerin ülke kredi notları üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğu saptanmıştır.
Impact of major global events on the Turkish stock market efficiency
Authors: AKTAN Ceyda
Published: December 2022

Market efficiency is of great importance to many investors, policy makers, as well as researchers. It provides them with information regarding the market and acts as a guide in their decision-making process. For this reason, there have been extensive amount of research done through the years. However, the World has witnessed several major events in the last couple of decades, which has been of great importance for financial markets, having both direct and indirect impacts. The Global Financial Crisis of 2008 and the COVID-19 pandemic can be the two most important events the World has experienced. Although past research shows that the impact of both events on the efficiency of the stock markets were looked at in separate studies, there is lack of studies involving both major events and analysing how the efficiency of the stock market is changing between these periods. The aim of this study is to analyse the weak-form efficiency of the Turkish stock market and how it has evolved over time. There are 4 different data sets used to observe the changes in market efficiency, with full sample ranging from February 1988 to September 2022. Monthly closing prices of the BIST100 Index are analysed using both the traditional linear Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test and 5 different non-linear unit root tests. Results show that different tests have different strengths in capturing the stationarity and due to the LNV test Turkish Stock Market was found not to be weak form efficient.
Kimya Konularında Bilgisayar Destekli Öğretim Yönteminin Kullanımını Tezlerinin Betimsel İçerik Analizi Yöntemi ile İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇOLAK YAZICI Senem
Published: December 2022

Çalışmanın amacı, özellikle zorunlu uzaktan eğitim süreci ile birlikte önemi ön plana çıkan bilgisayar destekli öğretim yönteminin uygulamalarına yönelik kimya konularında gerçekleştirilen tez çalışmalarının betimsel içerik analizi yöntemine göre incelenmesidir. Bu çalışmada, 2005-2021 yılları arasında yapılmış Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı (YÖK) Tez Merkezi veri tabanlarından tarama yapılarak 23 yüksek lisans ve 7 doktora tez çalışması olmak üzere toplam 30 lisansüstü tez, araştırma kapsamına dâhil edilmiştir. Yapılan inceleme sonucunda en fazla çalışmanın %20 düzeyinde (f:6) 2008 yılında gerçekleştirildiği görülmüştür. Üniversitelere göre yapılan tez çalışması oranı incelendiğinde Türkiye genelinde 19 üniversitede konu ile ilgili yürütülen çalışmalardan en fazla çalışmanın %20’sinin (f:6) Marmara Üniversitesinde yapıldığı gözlenmiştir. Örneklem büyüklüğü ve hedef kitle göz önünde bulundurulduğunda en fazla %50 (f:15) tez çalışmasında 50-99 arası örneklem ile %23.3 (f:7) oranında 6. sınıf öğrencileri ile çalışıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Başarı (%37,9; f:25) ve tutum (%33,3; f:22) en fazla incelenen değişkenler olup, tez çalışmalarında bilgisayar destekli öğretim yönteminin incelenen değişkenlere etkisinde olumsuz sonuca ulaşılmamıştır. Araştırmacıların ağırlıklı olarak ele aldıkları konulardan birinci sıradaki %12,9 düzeyinde (f:4) maddenin yapısıdır. Tezlerde en fazla %21,3 ile (f:26) bilgisayar destekli öğretim anahtar kelimesi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak incelenen tüm değişkenlerde, örneklem grubu ve sınıf kademesinde bilgisayar destekli öğretim yönteminin olumlu sonuç verdiği gözlenmiş ve ilgili yöntemin kimya konularının sınıf içi öğretim uygulamaları ile bütünleştirilmesinin öğretim sürecine katkı sağlayacağı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Mi’nin İşlevleri ve Yazımının Öğretimi
Authors: KARATAY Halit , ÇİÇEK Seher
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, İşlevsel Dilbilgisi’ne göre hazırlanan öğretim etkinliklerinin ortaokul öğrencilerinin mi’nin işlevleri ve yazımını öğrenmelerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla mi’nin işlevleri ve yazımının öğretiminde kullanılmak üzere İşlevsel Dilbilgisi ilkelerine uygun olarak öğretim yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, 76 ortaokul öğrencisi ve 4 Türkçe öğretmenidir. Araştırma, nitel ve nicel araştırma tekniklerinin birlikte kullanıldığı karma yöntem deseninde tasarlanarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın nicel boyutu tek grup ön test-son test zayıf deneysel modelde; nitel boyutu ise durum çalışması ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel verilerin toplanmasında boşluk doldurma tekniğine göre hazırlanmış mi’nin işlevlerinin yer aldığı dinleme metni ön-son test olarak kullanılmıştır. Nitel veriler, öğretmen ve öğrencilerden yapılandırılmış görüşme formlarıyla toplanan öğretmen ve öğrenci görüşleridir. Araştırma sonunda; bütün sınıf düzeylerindeki öğrencilerin mi’nin pekiştirme, soru ve koşul işlevlerini ve yazımını öğrenmelerinde olumlu ve anlamlı bir düzeyde ilerleme olmuştur. Görüşü alınan öğretmen ve öğrenciler; İşlevsel Dilbilgisi’ne göre hazırlanan öğretim etkinliklerinin eğlenceli ve kolay olduğunu, derse etkin katılmayı sağladığını belirtmiştir.
Yetişkinlerin Toplu Organizasyonlara İlişkin Bilişsel Yapılarının İncelenmesi: Bolu Örneği
Authors: SAĞ Çağrınur , KAYMAKCI Selahattin
Published: December 2022

Toplu organizasyonlar, başlangıç tarihi kesin olarak bilinmeyen geleneksel faaliyetleri kapsayan, farklı bölgelerde yaşayan bireyleri ve kültürel özellikleri bir araya getirerek bütünleştiren, belirli dönem ve süreleri olan organizasyonlardır. Toplu organizasyonların geçmişteki ve günümüzdeki görünümünü ve değişimini gözlemlemek kültürel ve sosyal unsurların devamlılığı için önemlidir. Bu araştırmada yetişkinlerin toplu organizasyonlara ilişkin bilişsel yapılarının Kelime İlişkilendirme Testi (KİT) aracılığıyla incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nicel araştırma desenlerinden tarama modelinin tercih edildiği araştırmaya Bolu ili ve ilçelerinde yaşamakta olan 61 yetişkin katılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında Kelime İlişkilendirme Testi’nden yararlanılmış, elde edilen veriler kesme noktası tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda yetişkinlerin toplu organizasyonlar kapsamında belirlenen anahtar kavramlara ilişkin ürettikleri kelimelerin genellikle günlük yaşamla, ihtiyaçlarla, yöreye özgü ürün ve yiyeceklerle, eğlence ortamlarıyla ve yörede sürdürülen ekonomik faaliyetlerle ilgili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yetişkinlerin en az panayır anahtar kavramıyla ilgili kelime ilişkilendirmiş olmalarından hareketle panayır kültürünün devam ettirilmesine yönelik faaliyetler yapılabilir. Ayrıca toplu organizasyonlara daha fazla ağırlık verilmesi illerin hem kültürel hem de ekonomik anlamda gelişmesine katkı sağlayabilir.
“Gizli Buzlanma” Olarak Sınav Kaygısı: Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Metaforik İfadelerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÜNGÖR Cumhur , SALTÜRK Aylin
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin sınav kaygısına ilişkin metaforik ifadelerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin sınav kaygısına yönelik ürettikleri metaforları ortaya koymak amacıyla nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan fenomenoloji deseni kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın çalışma grubu 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılı güz döneminde bir devlet üniversitesinin farklı fakülte ve yüksekokullarında lisans düzeyinde öğrenim gören 456 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Üniversite öğrencilerinin sınav kaygısına ilişkin metaforik ifadelerinin değerlendirilmesinin amaçlandığı bu çalışmada, öğrencilerin ürettikleri 264 metafor içerik analizine tabi tutularak farklı kategoriler altında incelenmiştir. Bulgular, üniversite öğrencilerinin sınav kaygısına ilişkin metaforlarının 11 kategori altında toplandığını göstermiştir. Bu metaforların büyük oranda somut ifadelerden oluştuğu, sınav kaygısına olumsuz anlam atfedildiği görülmüştür. En yüksek frekansa sahip olanlardan (stres kaynağı, korku, endişe, hastalık) hareketle üniversite öğrencilerinin sınav kaygısına yönelik olumsuz algılarının sınav kaygısını stres ve hastalıkla ilişkili olarak düşünmeleri olduğu söylenebilir. Sonuç olarak, öğrenciler sınav kaygısını önemli bir sorun olarak ifade etmekte ve genellikle sınavı olumsuz bir şekilde anlamlandırmaktadırlar. Sınav kaygısını başta hastalık ve stres ile ilişkili ifadelerle betimlemişlerdir. Sınav kaygısı ile ilgili ifadelerin çok geniş ve çeşitli metaforlar ortaya koyması öğrencilerin sınav kaygısını hayatlarının bir parçası olarak içselleştirdiklerini göstermektedir. Bu anlamda öğrencilerin baş etmek zorunda oldukları en önemli stresörlerden birinin sınav kaygısı olduğu söylenebilir. Gelecek araştırmalarda lise öğrencileri, ortaokul öğrencileri gibi farklı eğitim seviyelerindeki öğrencilerle de çalışılabilir. Farklı sosyodemografik özelliklere sahip gruplar üzerinde sınav kaygısına ilişkin çalışma yürütülebilir. Bu bağlamda yarı yapılandırılmış bireysel görüşmeler daha derinlemesine analiz yapmak için kullanılabilir ve ebeveynlerin başarılarına yönelik tutumlarının metaforik ifadeleri incelenerek sınav kaygısının psikososyal yönü değerlendirilebilir. Ayrıca üniversitelerde öğrencilerde sınav kaygısına neden olan faktörlere yönelik çalışmalar yapılabilir. Bu araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular, uygulayıcılar tarafından sınav kaygısına ilişkin müdahale ve önleme çalışmalarının oluşturulmasında kullanılabilir.
Fen Bilimleri Öğretmenlerinin Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Öz-Yeterlik İnançlarının Bazı Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞAHİNGÖZ Şeyma , YILDIRIM Halil İbrahim
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırma ortaokullarda görev yapan fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin ölçme ve değerlendirme öz-yeterlik inançlarıyla ilişkili değişkenleri inceleyerek öz-yeterlik inancı geliştirebilmek için öneri sunmak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma 2020 yılında yapılmıştır. Araştırmada tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örnekleminde Ankara ilindeki üç merkez ve üç taşra ilçesinde bulunan devlet ortaokullarında görev yapan 560 fen bilimleri öğretmeni yer almıştır. Verilerin toplanması sürecinde “Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Öz-yeterlik İnanç Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veri analizi t-testi ve tek faktörlü ANOVA ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, ölçme ve değerlendirmeyle ilgili eğitim alma, öğretim sürecinde ölçme ve değerlendirme teknik-araçlarını kullanma sıklığı, üniversitede alınan eğitimin ölçme ve değerlendirme tekniklerini öğrenme-kullanmaya dair yeterlik düzeyi, ölçme ve değerlendirme bilgi düzeyi değişkenlerinin fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin ölçme ve değerlendirme öz-yeterlik inançlarında anlamlı farklılık oluşturduğu görülmüştür. Buna ilaveten cinsiyet, görev süresi, mezun olunan fakülte türü, eğitim düzeyi değişkenlerinin fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin ölçme ve değerlendirme öz-yeterlik inançlarında anlamlı fark oluşturmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Characteristics of Patients With More Than 90% Adherence to Automatic Positive Airway Pressure
Authors: Kim Min Su , Kang Jae-Yoon , Park Soo-Kyoung , Kim Yong Min
Published: December 2022

Background and Objective Among patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea, there is a group with surprisingly high adherence (≥ 90%) to automatic positive airway pressure (APAP) treatment. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of these patients.Methods Medical records of 4757 patients, who received APAP prescriptions between July 2018 and December 2019, were reviewed retrospectively. After the exclusion of patients not meeting the study criteria, a total of 103 patients were included in the study, and patients were divided into a very good adherence (VGA; adherence ≥ 90%) group and a poor adherence (PA; adherence < 70%) group, based on nine months of APAP adherence. Patient demographics, medical history, body mass index, and pretreatment polysomnography (PSG) results, as well as APAP therapy adherence-related variables (percentage of total days of APAP usage, and the mean time of APAP usage), the 90th percentile pressure (P90), residual apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and the type of devices or company managers were compared between the two groups.Results Median age was significantly higher in the VGA group than in the PA group (p = 0.032). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) also differed significantly (p = 0.017) between the two groups. There were significant differences in the total sleep time (p = 0.003): 309.04 ± 64.96 min in the VGA group and 345.47 ± 53.06 min in the PA group. Patient sleep efficiency was observed and differed significantly (p = 0.003) 74.46 ± 13.73% in the VGA group and 82.09 ± 10.82% in the PA group. Other parameters, such as a pretreatment PSG and sleep-related questionnaires, did not show significant differences between the two groups. The device-related data at 1, 3, and 9 months were similar, and there were significant differences in the mean usage time (p < 0.001) and the number of days on which the device was used for more than 4 hours a day (p < 0.001) between the two groups. However, the two groups had no significant differences in mean pressure, residual AHI, and the P90.Conclusions The total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and BDI were the main determinants of adherence in patients in the VGA group. To find additional factors which affect adherence, further studies will be needed.
Reliability and Validity of Dysfunctional Beliefs About Sleep-2 (DBS-2), an Ultra-brief Rating Scale for Assessing Dysfunctional Thoughts About Sleep
Authors: Kim Kyumin , Chung Seockhoon , Cho Eulah , Choi Jung Mun , Lee Dongin , Cho Inn-Kyu
Published: December 2022

Background and Objective It is important to consider dysfunctional beliefs about sleep when conducting cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of a Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep-2 items (DBS-2) scale in a general population and clinical sample.Methods Our study examined the reliability and validity of the DBS-2 scale in the general population (group I, n = 374) and in a clinical sample of subjects with insomnia disorders (group II, n = 105). An online survey targeting the general population was conducted over the course of January 10–18, 2022, and a retrospective study of medical records was conducted among a clinical sample of insomnia patients who visited the Asan Medical Center Sleep Clinic for the first time between September of 2021 and May of 2022. The internal consistency reliability of the DBS-2 scale was measured using split-half coefficients, and factor analysis was used to determine its validity. Using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep-16 items (DBAS-16), convergence validity was explored.Results Split-half coefficients for the DBS-2 were 0.862 and 0.855 in the general population and a clinical sample of insomnia disorder. DBS-2 overall report score was significantly correlated with ISI (r = 0.26, p < 0.001) and DBAS-16 (r = 0.43, p < 0.001) in the general population, and correlated with ISI (r = 0.45, p < 0.001) and DBAS-16 (r = 0.50, p < 0.001) in the clinical sample. Both groups of subjects had an optimal cut-off score of 13 for the DBS-2 scale.Conclusions We found that the DBS-2 scale, a two-item ultra-brief rating scale, could accurately measure dysfunctional beliefs about sleep in the general population and a clinical sample of insomnia patients.
Is COVID-Somnia Fact or Fiction?
Authors: Okajima Isa
Published: December 2022

Over 2 years have passed since the COVID-19 outbreak, and perceptions of coronavirus and lifestyles have changed. The purpose of this study was to review how sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, commonly known as ‘COVID-somnia,’ are interpreted. In a systematic review of cross-sectional studies, the prevalence rate of COVID-somnia has been reported to be 35.7% for people with insomniac symptoms. However, the prevalence of insomnia symptoms did not significantly increase in longitudinal studies. It has also been reported that 50% of individuals with COVID-somnia improved after 5 months. Thus, COVID-insomnia is probably a mixed concept, consisting of conventional chronic insomnia and temporary insomnia. It is possible that most cases are illusory and only a few people actually are going to suffer from an insomnia disorder. For the chronic insomnia, cognitive behavioral therapy is effective. Temporary insomnia is likely to decrease with accurate knowledge of the coronavirus and effective infection control strategies. In the future, it is necessary not only to examine the prevalence of insomniacs during COVID-19, but also to examine the proportion of insomniacs with high anxiety about infection and its impact on daily functioning.
Comparative Analysis of Pupillometry in Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder and Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Sunwoo Jun-Sang , Kim Han-Joon , Jung Ki-Young
Published: December 2022

Background and Objective Pupillary light reflex (PLR) abnormalities have been reported in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, few studies have been conducted on the abnormality of PLR in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), which is a prodromal stage of α-synucleinopathy. We herein quantitatively analyzed the PLR of iRBD using an automated pupillometer, and compared the results with those of PD.Methods In this cross-sectional study, we prospectively enrolled 27 patients with polysomnography-confirmed iRBD, and 23 patients with PD. Pupillometry was performed three times in each eye, alternating left and right. We compared seven pupillometric parameters between the iRBD and PD patients.Results Maximum and minimum pupil diameters were significantly larger in PD patients than in iRBD patients. However, the other pupillometric parameters, such as mean constriction velocity, maximum constriction velocity, reflex amplitude, latency, and mean dilation velocity, did not differ between the two groups. Among iRBD patients, the pupillometric parameters were not correlated with any clinical characteristics related to autonomic dysfunction or neurodegeneration.Conclusions We found that the pupillary constriction and dilation in response to light of iRBD were not different from those of PD. These findings suggest that autonomic pupillary dysfunction already existed in the prodromal stage of α-synucleinopathy to a degree comparable to that in PD. Larger pupil diameters in PD than in iRBD may reflect the pharmacological effect of dopaminergic medications. Future studies are needed to elucidate the association between the PLR abnormalities and the risk of phenoconversion in iRBD.
Different Course of Narcolepsy Diagnosed by Multiple Sleep Latency Test: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Chun Hong-Shik , Kim Sung-Min , Kim Tae-Won , Um Yoo Hyun , Jeong Jong-Hyun , Seo Ho-Jun , Hong Seung-Chul
Published: December 2022

Background and Objective Several studies have raised questions about determining the diagnosis of the narcolepsy using multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). In this study, we investigated the diagnostic change in narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) and narcolepsy type 2 (NT2) using MSLT with long-term interval.Methods In this retrospective study, the demographic characteristics, polysomnography (PSG), and MSLT parameters were compared at the baseline between the NT1 and NT 2 patients. Then, MSLT re-tests were conducted with a mean follow-up of 8.48 years in patients with NT 1 and 7.05 years with NT 2.Results Seventy-four patients (58 with NT1 and 16 with NT2) were investigated in this study. At the baseline, demographic data showed a larger body mass index value, more sleep paralysis, and hypnogogic hallucination in NT 1 compared to NT 2. Also, at baseline MSLT, shorter mean sleep latency and higher number of sleep onset rapid eye movement periods (SOREMPs) were observed in the NT 1 than those of the NT 2. On follow-up MSLT, 6.9% (n = 4) patients with NT1 and 50% (n = 8) patients with NT2 did not satisfy the previous diagnosis. Furthermore, in all the groups who had the change in repeated-MSLT, the groups with less than 2 SOREMPs observed to be accompanied by negative MSL at follow-up.Conclusions The result of MSLT was observed not to be stable in the diagnosis of NT 2 at the study. Therefore, it is recommended to repeat MSLT at regular intervals and do a prospective multi-site survey for the accurate confirmation of a diagnosis of central hypersomnia.
Осознание различий: концепция культурного гражданства в социальных науках
Authors: Власова Татьяна
Published: December 2022

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