bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Karangan Argumentasi Siswa Kelas IX SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Kota Tangerang
Authors: Sori Supyan
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap kemampuan menulis karangan argumentasi siswa  kelas IX SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Kota Tangerang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode quasi eksperimen dengan melakukan pretes dan postes dua kelompok. Jenis metode penelitian eksperimen ini menggunakan desain penelitian nonequivalent control group design, dimana kelas eksperimen yang diberi perlakuan dan kelas kontrol tidak diberi perlakuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dalam bentuk tes essay berupa unjuk kerja menulis karangan argumentasi. Teknik analisis data dimulai dari uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan dilanjutkan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  diperoleh data post test atau tes akhir yang kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji t dua pihak, memberikan hasil bahwa siswa yang diberikan perlakuan pembelajaran model pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan dengan siswa yang tidak diberikan strategi pembelajaran PBM. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil perhitungan, bahwa nilai thitung > nilai ttabel dengan perolehan thitung sebesar 0,94 sedangkan untuk ttabel sebesar 2,0084. Hal ini membuktikan hipotesis diterima yaitu terdapat perbedaan kemampuan menulis karangan argumentasi siswa antara siswa yang diberi model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan siswa yang tidak diberikan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah.
Heparin sensitization of fentanyl initiated mu-receptors
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Khomutov А.Е. , Deryugina А.V. ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Lizunova А.S. ,   Ryazan State Medical University n.a. academician I.P. Pavlov, Bobrova Z.V. ,   Institute of Physiologically Active Substances  (Chernogolovka)
Published: September 2021

Heparin is an anticoagulant widely used in clinical practice. In addition to anticoagulant activity, heparin has a cytostatic, bacteriostatic, antilipemic, radioprotective effect, and exhibits antiallergic and hypotensive action. Heparin modulates cardiotropic, neurotropic, antihypoxic, anti-ischemic properties of regulatory peptides and pharmacological agents used in pain relief and anesthesia. At the same time, there is very little information about the antinociceptive effect of heparin. The aim of this work is to study the effect of heparin in combination with the opioid agonist fentanyl on mu-opioid receptors at the spinal and supraspinal levels. In experiments on laboratory rats, it was established that heparin, when pre-administered and combined with fentanyl, increases the latency in the tail flick test and the paw licking test. Naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, reduces antinociceptive efficacy of the studied compounds. Protamine sulfate also reduces the level of heparin sensitization of opioid receptors. Thus, the obtained data allow us to speak about the sensitizing effect of heparin on initiated by an agonist mu-opioid receptors at the spinal and supraspinal levels.
Evolution of working conditions at dust-hazardous enterprises in Western Siberia: 50-year trends
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Poteryaeva E.L. , Logvinenko I.I. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University; Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (Novosibirsk), Smirnova E.L. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University; Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (Novosibirsk), Vlasov V.G. ,   Psychiatric Care Hospital No. 3 (Novosibirsk)
Published: September 2021

To identify the main 50-year trends in evolution of working conditions at dust-hazardous enterprises in Western Siberia, the sanitary and hygienic characteristics of working conditions of staff with suspected occupational diseases, issued by the regional offices of The Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) to 447 patients with pneumoconiosis diagnosed from 1960 to 2010 were analyzed, as well as a retrospective analysis of the dynamics of changes in working conditions according to the research reports of the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene for the period 1930–1960 was made. In the 1950s the most harmful silicotic working conditions were observed in sandblasters exposed to newly formed modifications of silica in concentrations of 20–340 mg/m3. Since the 1970s, industrial enterprises in Novosibirsk and the Novosibirsk Region have experienced a significant decrease in dustiness levels (by tens and hundreds of times) — up to 4–40 mg/m3. In the last decade of the XX century, at a number of enterprises, the volume of production and the overall working time, during which there was direct contact with industrial aerosols, decreased, and the proportion of 3.4 class working conditions over the last decade decreased by 2.49 times (p ≤ 0.001). There was a change in working conditions for the production of refractory materials and ceramic products. Electric welders with all types of manual welding were exposed to a combined effect of hazardous occupational factors without significant changes in the levels of industrial aerosols in the workplace.
Microbiota of fetal membranes in intact amniotic sac and full-term pregnancy
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Kaganova M.A. , Spiridonova N.V ,   Samara State Medical University, Makhlina E.A. ,   Consultative clinic “Panatseya” LLC (Samara)
Published: September 2021

Aim of research. To study the microbial landscape of intact fetal membranes in full-term pregnancy. Materials and methods. In 19 pregnant women (mean age — 31.0 ± 5.3 years, mean gestational age — 39.3 ± 0.65 weeks) with intact fetal membranes, the fetal membrane tissue was collected during elective cesarean section to detect by polymerase chain reaction the following microorganisms: Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Gardnerella vaginalis/Prevotella bivia/Porphyromonas spp., Eubacterium spp., Sneathia spp./Leptotrihia spp./ Fusobacterium spp., Megasphaera spp./Veillonella spp./ Dialister spp., Lachnobacterium spp./Clostridium spp., Mobiluncus spp./Corynebacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Atopobium vaginae, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma (urealyticum + parvum), Candida spp., Mycoplasma genitalium. Results. Sterile membranes were found in 5 pregnant women (26.3%), in the remaining cases, the total bacterial load (TBL) was 104.5 (103.5–105.8) genome equivalents (GE) per sample. Representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family prevailed — 104.5 GE per sample on average, only in one case Candida spp. were detected. In 42.1% of cases, when determining TBL, specific types of microorganisms were not identified. Conclusion. On the fetal membranes in full-term pregnancy, the average TBL corresponding to 104.5 (103.5–105.8) GE per sample, in which Enterobacteriaceae prevail in the amount of 104.5 GE per sample on average, is acceptable.
Immunomodulating properties of the probiotic preparation, VedaBiotic in aging
Authors:   Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology (Novosibirsk), Markova Е.V. , Sorokin О.V. ,   VedaGenetika LLC (Novosibirsk), Goldina I.А. ,   Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology (Novosibirsk), Savkin I.V. ,   Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology (Novosibirsk), Knyazheva М.А. ,   Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology (Novosibirsk), Serenko Е.V. ,   Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology (Novosibirsk), Bakulin К.А. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University (Novosibirsk), Molokeev А.V. ,   Vector-BiAlgam JSC (Koltsovo settlement, Novosibirsk Region)
Published: September 2021

The homeostatic immunological dialogue between the host and its microbiota is critical to maintaining health. The weakening of the organism occurring with age, its greater dependence on the external life conditions, make old age the period of the greatest morbidity. In the context of a progressive increase in life expectancy, more and more attention is being paid to the possibility of influencing human health through personalized nutritional and therapeutic strategies aimed at modifying the intestinal microbiota, which include the use of pro- and prebiotics. The aim of this work is to study the effect of the VedaBiotic preparation, which is an original complex of probiotics (freeze-dried biomass of live active bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, Streptococcus thermophilus), prebiotics (microcrystalline cellulose, lactulose) and vitamin C, on the cellular immune response and functional activity of immunocytes in age-dependent mammals (male mice at the age of 10 months). It was found that in age-dependent mammals, a course administration of the drug leads to the stimulation of the proliferative activity of immunocytes and the cellular immune response, also including the case of the induced immunosuppression (when the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction increased to the level observed in intact animals of similar age). The VedaBiotic also has a modulating effect on the cytokines production, causing a decrease in the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IFN-γ, and an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Thus, the VedaBiotic preparation has a favorable immunomodulatory effect and can be used as a nutritional supplement — as a source of probiotic microorganisms — to reduce the negative side effects of cytostatic treatment, as well as by elderly persons to improve the quality of life and to prevent the development of age-associated pathology.
Development of the voltammetric method for the quantitative determination of bendazole hydrochloride
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Zherebtsova E.Yu. , Terentyeva S.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Ivanovskaya E.A. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Shinko T.G. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University
Published: September 2021

In connection with the wide field of application of bendazole hydrochloride in medicine and its use as a part of combined drugs, an assessment of the effectiveness of the novel dosage forms and the determination of pharmacokinetic parameters are required. For this purpose, it is necessary to obtain data on the concentration of the studied drug in biological fluids. The aim of this research is to develop a voltammetric method for the bendazole hydrochloride quantification. In the course of the study, the optimal electrolysis conditions were established: potential was –1.8 V, time 15 s, and potential sweep rate 50 mV/s. The opti-mum pH value for electrolysis of bendazole hydrochloride is 6–7. The proposed method is validated by tests: specificity and linearity, detection limit; the range of the procedure and its analytical precision were determined. Thus, the developed method can be used for the quantification of bendazole hydrochloride in pharmaceutical substances.
Assessment of the destructive influence of sanitary cleansing on pharmaceutical rubber stoppers using a method of measuring the contact angle
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Khusainov A.D. , Egorova S.N. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Institute of Pharmacy, Khasanova A.D. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Simonova N.N. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: September 2021

For the first time, experimental studies of the influence of sanitary cleansing on the surface of pharmaceutical rubber (butyl- and halobutyl-based) stoppers were carried out by measuring the contact angle. It was found that the sanitary cleansing of stoppers, carried out before the closure of sterile dosage forms of medicinal products (MP), including pre-sterilization cleaning of the stoppers (2-fold boiling for 30 min in 1% solution of trisodium phosphate or sodium hydroxide and a single boiling in 0.1% solution of hydrochloric acid for 30 min) and subsequent sterilization in an autoclave at t = 130°C, pressure p = 0.2 MPa for 60 min acts destructively on their surface and is accompanied by a decrease of the contact angle (an increase in the hydrophilicity of the stoppers’ surface), which leads to significant leaching of the components of rubber stoppers and their contamination of drug solutions. Determination of the contact angle allows by reproducible instrumental method to identify and quantify the destruction processes of the surface of rubber stoppers used for closing of sterile solutions of MP. This indicator can be used to assess the influence of pharmaceutical and technological factors (sanitary cleansing, sterilization, contact with drug solutions, etc.) on the rubber stoppers surface, to control the corrosive resistance of closures and to predict the amount of impurities in sterile solutions of MP.
The comparison of methods for the quantification of the pharmaceutical substance bismuth subsalicylate by UV-spectrophotometry and stripping voltammetry
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Vizer А.А. , Ivanovskaya Е.А. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Ligostaev A.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University
Published: September 2021

The results of a comparative study of methods for the quantitative determination of the active pharmaceutical substance (APS) bismuth subsalicylate by UV-spectrophotometry and stripping voltammetry (SV) are presented. Partial validation of the compared methods was carried out according to the following characteristics: linearity, detection limit, limit of quantification, accuracy. In the course of linearity assessment, the values of the correlation coefficient of the methods were established — 0.9987 for UV-spectrophotometry and 0.9982 for SV. The detection limit and the limit of quantification for UV-spectrophotometry were 2.35 and 7.12 μg/ml respectively, for SV — 1.16 and 3.52 μg respectively. The accuracy was determined by the constant term of the linearity equation, which was 3.34% of the interval’s middle value when analyzed by UV-spectrophotometry and 1.93% by SV. Thus, both methods can be used for the quantitative determination of the APS of bismuth subsalicylate; however, due to the fact that the content of bismuth is mainly determined in this case, the SV method is more preferable since it allows analyzing this particular part of the molecule.
Spermogram parameters and genetic abnormalities
Authors:   Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine (Novosibirsk), Epanchintseva Е.А. ,   Novosibirsk Center for Reproductive Medicine LLC, Mother and Child, group of companies (Novosibirsk), Selyatitskaya V.G. ,   Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine (Novosibirsk), Maksimova Yu.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University (Novosibirsk), Knol’ S.А. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 1 (Novosibirsk)
Published: September 2021

The prevalence of genetic abnormalities in men with infertility is 5.8% (n = 9766), of which 4.2% are sex chromosome abnormalities and 1.5% are autosomal abnormalities. In the Russian Federation, this indicator varies from 4.72% (n = 539) (Novosibirsk) to 10.78% (n = 204) (St. Petersburg, the Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott) — the percentage of detectability probably depends on the concentration of patients in specialized institutions. Given the high frequency of genetic abnormalities in infertile men, it is necessary to correctly select diagnostic methods in accordance with the specifi c clinical situation. When the concentration of spermatozoa decreases to less than 10 million/ml, karyotyping is recommended; at a concentration of less than 5 million/ml, the search for AZF deletions is necessary; in severe disorders of spermatogenesis — the detection of mutations in the cystic fibrosis gene (CFTR). To confirm genetically determined asthenozoospermia, the electron microscopy of spermatozoa is required. Taking into account the development of assisted reproductive technologies, including the active use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection and the relationship of sperm pathology with severe genetically determined diseases, it is necessary to inform potential parents what risks to the health of future children the use of such material carries.
Influence of carbon disulfide intoxication on blood biochemical parameters and their correction by plant phenolic compounds in experiment
Authors:   V.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute (Vladivostok), Drugova E.S. , Kushnerova N.F. ,   V.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute (Vladivostok); Far Eastern Federal University (Vladivostok), Merzlyakov V.Yu. ,   V.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute (Vladivostok), Fomenko S.E. ,   V.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute (Vladivostok), Sprygin V.G. ,   V.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute (Vladivostok), Momot T.V. ,   Far Eastern Federal University (Vladivostok)
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Phenolic compounds that are part of a variety of phytopreparations have an anti-radical and antioxidant effect. Aim. Studying the influence of carbon disulfide intoxication on the rat blood biochemical parameters and the possibility of their correction with natural plant phenolic compounds from viburnum. Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted on white Wistar male rats. Carbon disulfide intoxication (concentration 2.0 mg/m3) was implemented in a special exposure chamber. The animals were divided into 5 groups: the 1st group was control (intact rats); the 2nd group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks; the 3rd group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks, followed by discontinuation for 7 days; the 4th group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks, followed by administration of the viburnum extract for 7 days; the 5th group was carbon disulfide intoxication for 3 weeks, followed by silymarin administration for 7 days. The drugs were administered at a dose of 100 mg of total phenols per kilogram of animal weight. Results. Carbon disulfide intoxication was accompanied by the development of intense hypercholesterolemia; an increase in the fraction of low-density lipoproteins with simultaneous decrease in high-density lipoproteins in blood serum. There was an increase in the level of malondialdehyde, decrease in the superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione amount, which indicates the depletion of the body’s antioxidant defense system. During the withdrawal period of carbon disulfide intoxication for 7 days, the blood biochemical parameters did not recover, which indicates the preservation of free-radical processes. The administration of the viburnum extract and the comparison drug, silymarin, was accompanied by a recovery to the control group level of blood biochemical parameters after carbon disulfide intoxication. Conclusion. The toxic effect of carbon disulfide causes a change in the studied blood biochemical parameters. The administration of the viburnum extract and silymarin was accompanied by their restoration to the level of the control group, but a more pronounced effect was observed in the viburnum extract due to the presence of oligomeric forms of polyphenols in its composition.
Features of the effi ciency indicators of children’s health improvement in stationary recreation and health promotion organizations during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene, Novikova I.I. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Yurk D.E. ,   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene; East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Environmental Research (Angarsk), Mikheev V.N. ,   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene, Sorokina A.V. ,   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene, Ivleva G.P. ,   Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Rehabilitation of children in stationary suburban recreation and health improvement organizations (camps) is one of the priority directions for children’s health care and social policy of the state. The introduced total self-isolation regimen in the spring of 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the transition to distance education made signifi cant adjustments to the prevailing stereotypes of the daily routine and behavior of children, led to a reduction in the time spent in the open air, a decrease in their physical activity. Aim of the research. Comparative evaluation of the effi ciency indicators of children’s health improvement in the pandemic (2020) and non-epidemic (2018–2019) periods in children’s summer stationary suburban camps for recreation and health promotion. Materials and methods. The study was carried out as a part of the pilot project implementation “Evaluation of the Health Improvement Effi ciency” (2018–2020) on the territory of 15 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The information was collected and analyzed using the software “Evaluation of the Organization of Children’s Health Improvement in Stationary Suburban Recreation and Health Promotion Camps”, developed by the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene of Federal Service for the Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare (Novosibirsk). The object of the study was children aged 7–17 years (n = 85 666) who had a rest in 134 stationary recreation and health improvement camps in the summer of 2018–2020. To determine the efficiency of recuperation, such indicators as the length and weight of the body, lung capacity, hand strength and their dynamics were assessed during the period of the health improving shift. Evaluation of the results was carried out in accordance with 2.4.4.0127-18 “Methodology for Evaluating the Effi ciency of Health Improvement in Stationary Organizations for Recreation and Health Promotion of Children” guidelines. R e s u l t s . It was revealed a decrease in the proportion of children with a high effi ciency of health improvement in 2020 in comparison with 2018–2019 due to the lack of positive dynamics of hand strength and vital capacity of the lungs indicators, as well as negative dynamics of body mass index. Conclusion. The lower indicators of the effi ciency of children’s health improvement are due to a considerable decrease in physical activity and the time spent in the open air in the period preceding the summer health-improving season of 2020.
Comprehensive analysis of the range of serotonergic agents and substances for their production registered in Russia
Authors:   JSC “Tatchempharmpreparaty” (Kazan), Niagmatullina V.R. , Egorova S.N. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Institute of Pharmacy, Chuvashova D.P. ,   JSC “Tatchempharmpreparaty” (Kazan), Filippov Yu.V. ,   JSC “Tatchempharmpreparaty” (Kazan)
Published: September 2021

The article presents the characteristics of serotonergic drugs (mode of action, classifi cation, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, drug interactions with medicinal products of other pharmacological groups). The domestic pharmaceutical market of serotonergic drug products (DP) and substances for their production registered in the Russian Federation (RF) was analyzed. It was established that the pharmaceutical market of serotonergic agents in the RF is quite diverse. Various pharmacological groups of drugs (anxiolytic, antiemetic, vasodilatory and peripheral circulation improving, evacuant, hemostatic and anti-migraine agents) are presented in various dosage forms (tablets — 5.71%; fi lm-coated tablets — 41.43%; injectable solution for intravenous and intramuscular use — 34.28%; concentrate for preparation of solution for injections — 8.57%; solutions for intravenous administration and rectal suppositories — by 2.86%; syrup, freeze-dried tablets and capsules — by 1.43%). The leading role in the Russian pharmaceutical market belongs to domestic manufacturers of serotonergic DP (59.70%), which are mainly presented by generic drugs. Foreign manufacturers own 40.30% of the market for serotonergic DP, with the leading positions held by manufacturers of India (8.96%), Switzerland (5.97%), Israel (4.48%). The analysis of the range of pharmaceutical substances for the production of serotonergic DP showed that the Russian pharmaceutical market is dominated by foreign manufacturers (52.38%). The proportion of domestic providers accounts for 47.62% of the manufacturers of substances registered in the Russian Federation.
Atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents with obesity and overweight: clinical, anthropometric data, psycho-emotional status and predictors of effective treatment
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Nemchaninova O.B. , Dolgikh M.Yu. ,   Juventus, Center for Reproductive Health of Adolescents (Novosibirsk), Reshetnikova T.B. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University
Published: September 2021

The results of a comprehensive analysis of clinical, anthropometric data and an assessment of the psycho-emotional status of 62 children and adolescents (mean age 11.8 ± 3.0 years) with atopic dermatitis and overweight or varying degrees of obesity (the main group) are presented. The control group included 60 patients (mean age 10.1 ± 3.6 years) with atopic dermatitis and body weight corresponding to age and gender standards. In the main group, 45.2% were children and adolescents with overweight, and with first-, second- and third-degree obesity were 25.8, 11.3 and 17.7% respectively. The severe course of dermatosis in the main group was recorded 1.4 times more often than in the control group. With the aid of univariate analysis of the treatment efficacy predictors, it was revealed that weight loss and improvement in psycho-emotional state can significantly increase the treatment efficacy of atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity, which indicates the advisability of interaction between a dermatologist, endocrinologist and psychotherapist in the treatment of this category of patients.
Predictive capabilities of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Shklyaev A.E. , Kazarin D.D. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Gorbunov Yu.V. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy
Published: September 2021

The study aimed to determine the predictive capabilities of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) for assessing the effectiveness of eradication therapy in Helicobacter pylori (HP) infected patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study involved 60 patients of both sexes with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic HP-associated gastritis, the average age of patients was 61.9 years, average duration of type 2 diabetes was 10.1 years. For statistical analysis of the data, we used the method of constructing ROC curves, which allowed us to identify prognostic factors (in this case, gastroenterological syndromes, such as abdominal pain, refl ux, indigestion, diarrhea and constipation) that influence the effectiveness of eradication therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes. It was found that high values of refl ux and indigestion syndromes scales of the GSRS are associated with the probability of low eradication therapy response in patients with type 2 diabetes, i.e. these syndromes can act as complicating factors for the elimination of Helicobacter pylori. The obtained data suggest the need for screening diagnostics of Helicobacter pylori, clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal pathology and subsequent etiological and pathogenetic treatment.
Morphological assessment of the mucous membranes of the bladder and vagina in chronic cystitis in women
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 1 (Novosibirsk), Tityaev I.I. , Udalov K.V. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 1 (Novosibirsk); Novosibirsk State Medical University, Aizikovich B.I. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Savchenko S.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Morozov D.V. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 1 (Novosibirsk)
Published: September 2021

The study involved 107 women aged 20 to 52 years with chronic recurrent cystitis (57 of them with leukoplakia) developing under conditions of a pathogenic and/or opportunistic infection. All patients underwent a conventional clinical and instrumental examination. Biopsy samples for culture-based and microscopic examination were taken from the area of the Pawlik’s trigone of the vagina and the Lieutaud’s trigone of the urinary bladder, in case of leukoplakia — from the field of visually healthy tissue. The carried out cytomorphological analysis and assessment of pathological processes in the adjacent tissues suggest that the infection from the vagina penetrates through the intersynaptic clefts, interstitial cell nests, the blood and lymphatic microcirculatory system into the bladder, causing cystitis inherent changes — from initial morphological forms to rough ones, up to leukoplakia. A complex of clinical, functional and pathomorphological changes that fit into the framework of the chronic cystovaginitis concept was identified.
Cancer at a glance
Authors:   National High School of Veterinary Medicine (Algiers, Bab-Ezzouar, Algeria), Mimoune N. ,   2LBRA, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Blida 1 (Algeria), Bahouh M.W. ,   National High School of Veterinary Medicine (Algiers, Bab-Ezzouar, Algeria), Boukhechem S. ,   National Veterinary Institute (El-Khroub, Algeria), Marouf N.O. ,   National High School of Veterinary Medicine (Algiers, Bab-Ezzouar, Algeria), Khelef D. ,   National High School of Veterinary Medicine (Algiers, Bab-Ezzouar, Algeria), Kaidi R. ,   LBRA, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Blida 1 (Algeria)
Published: September 2021

Cancer is a generic term that groups different types of malignant tumors. Each of them has a specifi c name according to the tissue that gave birth to it. It appears when cells multiply in an uncontrolled manner and take the place of healthy cells. Deaths from cancer are mainly due to damage caused by metastases. This is why it is important to diagnose the disease early, before it spreads in the body. After the diagnosis announcement, cancer management is put in place: it involves several treatments that are articulated throughout the course of care. Cancers have the particularity of reacting differently to treatments. Some types of cancer are best treated with surgery. Others respond better to drugs called chemotherapy. It often happens that several treatments are administered together to ensure the best possible results. Studies have so far focused largely on the tumor cell itself. The new challenge for researchers is now to understand how these cells interact with their immediate environment. What processes do they put in place to escape the immune system or to successfully spread? Understanding these mechanisms could lead to the development of new types of treatment.
Uterine cancer at a glance
Authors:   National High School of Veterinary (Algiers, Bab-Ezzouar, Algeria), Mimoune N. ,   Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Biotechnologies Related to Animal Reproduction, University of Blida 1 (Blida, Algeria, Azzouz M.Y. ,   University of Blida 1, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences (Blida, Algeria), Benadjel O. ,   National High School of Veterinary (Algiers, Bab-Ezzouar, Algeria), Khelef D. ,   National High School of Veterinary (Algiers, Bab-Ezzouar, Algeria), Kaidi R. ,   Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Biotechnologies Related to Animal Reproduction, University of Blida 1 (Blida, Algeria
Published: September 2021

Among gynecological tumors, malignant uterine tumor (MUT) is the 6th most common cancer in women and the 15th most common cancer overall. There were approximately 382 069 new cases and 89 929 deaths attributed to this type worldwide in 2018. Therefore, MUT was the second most common gynecological cancer and the fourth leading cause of death due to gynecological cancer in 2018, and is expected to increase the incidence rate by more than 50% globally by 2040. Mortality rates are lowest in Central and South Asia and most of Africa. Survivors of MUT may experience treatment-related issues, including infertility, early onset of menopause, sexual problems, and lower limb lymphedema. Wbuilds its own database from national modeling incidence estimates, using incidence ratios with a sampling method that relies on the calculation of a weighted or simple average of the most popular local rates applied to the population of a few regions or by an approximate estimate based on data provided by health establishments in neighboring countries. While in Algeria, existing statistical and epidemiological data and updated information on the pathology are insuffi cient. The objective of this work is to highlight the importance and the situation of the MUT in this country and to describe the different recent aspects (etiology, diagnostics and treatment) related to the disease.
Influence of grinding methods of birch bark on the yield of biologically active substances
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Ligostaeva Yu.V. , Khanina M.A. ,   State University of Humanities and Technology (Orekhovo-Zuevo), Grek О.R. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Rodin А.P. ,   State University of Humanities and Technology (Orekhovo-Zuevo)
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Birch bark contains biologically active substances (BAS). In this regard, the search for ways to increase yield of its bioactive agents is relevant. Aim. To study the effect of birch bark grinding methods on the extract of its BAS during extraction. Materials and methods. Samples of birch bark of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) and downy birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) were ground up on devices with various force effects on plant material — disk (mainly squeezing, shear, tensile and shearing forces), three-roll annular (crushing and abrasive forces) and ball (crushing, abrasive and shock-shear forces) mills. Morphological and microscopic studies were carried out, the content of extractive substances and moisture in the ground up samples was determined. The composition and content of BAS were analyzed. Results. The smallest changes in the morphological and anatomical structure of plant material were observed when using a disk mill (the morphological features of birch bark and its cellular structure are preserved), grinding on three-roll ring and ball mills leads to serious changes in the morphological and anatomical structure of birch bark (the morphological and anatomical structure is lost, cell walls are destroyed). Comparative analysis of the yield of extractive substances from ground up birch bark samples, depending on the grinding method and the extractant used (purified water and ethyl alcohol of different concentrations: 96, 80, 70, 40, 20 and 10%) showed that the best extractant is 80% ethyl alcohol. The highest yield of extractive substances was noted for a sample of birch bark ground up in a ball mill — 36.85%, for ground up in a disc mill — 29.96%, on a three-roll ring mill — 30.88%. When studying the yield of the main groups of BAS (saponins, tannins, coumarins, hydroxycinnamic acids) from ground up birch bark samples, it was found that when using grinding methods that do not lead to the destruction of cell walls, the yield of BAS is limited by the capillary-porous structure of the plant material. Conclusion. When using grinding methods that lead to the destruction of cell walls, the greatest yield of BAS from birch bark is observed in the case of using a more severe impact on it, including not only abrasion, crushing, but also impact (ball mills).
The intensity of speech and cognitive disorders in patients with ischemic stroke at the second stage of rehabilitation against the background of thrombolytic therapy
Authors:   Tver State Medical University, Bakhareva O.N. , Chichanovskaya L.V. ,   Tver State Medical University, Zajtseva А.А. ,   Tver State Medical University, Morozov A.S. ,   Tver State Medical University, Bakharev S.A. ,   Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation named after V.Ya. Kikot’, Tver branch
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The increasing frequency of ischemic stroke and its rejuvenation, leading to extremely unfavorable socio-economic consequences, make us reconsider the traditional technology of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Thrombolytic therapy (TLT) today has established itself as the most effective method of treatment of ischemic stroke. Aim. To study the influence of thrombolytic therapy on the recovery of speech and cognitive disorders in patients with ischemic stroke at the second stage of rehabilitation. Materials and Methods. The study involved 68 ischemic stroke patients who were admitted to the second stage of rehabilitation. The patients were divided into two groups: 1st (n = 14) — patients who received thrombolytic therapy; 2nd (n = 54) — patients who received conventional CVA therapy. The assessment of speech disorders was carried out on the basis of the conclusion of the speech therapist. The severity of cognitive deficit was assessed using the BNCE scale (Brief Neuropsychological Cognitive Examination) and on the basis of data obtained during the consultation with a psychologist. The level of satisfaction of patients with their own condition was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale. Results. The described neurosomatic status of patients with CVA, who underwent TLT, indicates the prevalence of men of retirement age with the presence of hemispheric infarction, which is combined with disorders of both impressive and expressive speech and mild cognitive impairments. In the 1st group of patients, more severe motor and sensory speech disorders were revealed compared to the 2nd group. Conclusion. The presence of more severe speech disorders in the 1st group of patients, on the one hand, is associated with a smaller number of the 1st group (TLT target is 5%; referral of patients with the absence of cognitive, motor and speech disorders to the 3rd stage of rehabilitation, bypassing the second stage), and on the other hand, with the presence of possible hemorrhagic complications against the background of TLT, which dictates the need for closer control over the reperfusion therapy protocols in the acute period of ischemic stroke.
The analgesic activity of new sulfur-containing di- and tetrahydropyridine derivatives in the hot plate test
Authors:   St. Luka Lugansk State Medical University, Bibik E.Yu. , Kurbanov L.I. ,   St. Luka Lugansk State Medical University, Grygoryan S.A. ,   St. Luka Lugansk State Medical University, Krivokolysko D.S. ,   St. Luka Lugansk State Medical University, Kudrina M.A. ,   St. Luka Lugansk State Medical University, Pankov A.A. ,   Vladimir Dahl Lugansk State University, Frolov K.A. ,   St. Luka Lugansk State Medical University, Dotsenko V.V. ,   Vladimir Dahl Lugansk State University; Kuban State University (Krasnodar), Krivokolysko S.G. ,   St. Luka Lugansk State Medical University; Vladimir Dahl Lugansk State University
Published: September 2021

Nowadays the search of new high-efficiency and safe drugs for the pharmacotherapy of diseases accompanied by pain syndrome is an active area of modern pharmacological research. 170 new derivatives of di- and tetrahydropyridines synthesized on the basis of the Chemex Research Laboratory, Vladimir Dahl Lugansk State University were exposed to the virtual bioscreening using the Swiss Target Prediction software. The paper describes screening studies in vivo of 5 samples of sulfur-containing di- and tetrahydropyridines (laboratory codes d02-138, as-262, f02-079, cv-074, cv-143) in the standard hot plate test in comparison with the reference drug — metamizole sodium. The compounds in the dose of 5 mg/kg were given intragastrically 1 hour and a half before placing the rats on the hot plate, the reference drug in the dose of 7 mg/kg also was given intragastrically 1 hour and a half before placing the rats on the hot plate. The compounds with laboratory codes as-262 (allyl 6-({2-[(4-acetylphenyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}thio)-5-cyano-4-(2-furyl)-2-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate) and d02-138 (ethyl 4-[({[3-cyano-5-{[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)amino]carbonyl}-4-(2-furyl)-6-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridinе-2-yl]thio}acetyl)amino]benzoate) possess the most pronounced analgesic activity in the dose of 5 mg/kg, they demonstrated 2.03 and 1.9-fold efficiency in comparison to metamizole sodium respectively. The rest three specimens demonstrated metamizole sodium-like analgesic activity.
Study of the immobilized subtilisins influence on coronary blood flow of an isolated rat heart
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology (Novosibirsk), Baikalov G.I. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Knyazev R.A. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Ershov K.I. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Bakhareva K.I. ,   Scientific Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology (Novosibirsk), Soldatova M.S. ,   Scientific Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology (Novosibirsk), Madonov P.G. ,   Scientific Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology (Novosibirsk); Novosibirsk State Medical University
Published: September 2021

Introduction. In clinical medicine, some phenomenon has been noted: in many patients with anginal attacks during coronary angiography, significant obstructive processes in the coronary arteries are not detected. There is impaired coronary microcirculation due to dysfunction of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. This circumstance initiates the search for new drugs for pharmacological correction of the vasomotor status of coronary vessels in order to eliminate myocardial ischemia. Aim. To study the parameters of the coronary blood flow during the perfusion of an isolated heart with immobilized subtilisins (IS) in different dosages. Materials and methods. The effect of IS on coronary blood flow was studied using the Langendorff-perfused rat heart. The experiments were carried out on 50 male Wistar rats. Animals were divided into 5 groups: control (hearts perfused only with Krebs-Henseleit solution) and 4 experimental (1st — perfusion with IS at a concentration of 170 U/l; 2nd — perfusion with IS at a concentration of 340 U/l; 3rd — perfusion with IS at a concentration of 500 U/l; 4th — perfusion with IS at a concentration of 1000 U/l). Results. An increase in coronary blood flow was observed during perfusion with IS at concentrations of 170 and 340 U/l. With perfusion of IS at a concentration of 340 U/l, the vasodilating effect was significantly expressed. With perfusion at a concentration of 500 and 1000 U/l, a decrease in coronary flow was noted, which is most likely caused by vasoconstriction. Conclusion. When the heart is perfused with IS solution, the phenomenon of vasomotor activity of the coronary vessels is observed. The vasomotor effect caused by IS has a dose-dependent and multidirectional effect and is realized, most likely, through an allosteric effect on the natural mechanism of regulation of the coronary vessels tone.
Molecular subtypes of urothelial carcinomas of the bladder in young patients
Authors:   St. Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncologic), Meshcheryakov I.A. , Kryukov K.A. ,   St. Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncologic), Mitin N.P. ,   St. Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncologic), Ponomareva E.V. ,   City Clinical Oncological Health Center (St. Petersburg), Shelekhova K.V. ,   St. Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncologic); St. Petersburg Medico-Social Institute
Published: September 2021

Urothelial carcinomas in young patients are characterized by specifi c clinical and morphological and genetic features in contrast to their counterparts in elderly patients. Molecular profi ling of tumors in 56 patients under 45 years has been performed using the method of Swedish researchers from the Lund University, the molecular classifi cation of the Lundgroup of researchers using immunophenotyping has been adapted to the cohort of young patients for the fi rst time and clear reproducibility of urothelial carcinoma molecular subtypes occurring in the elderly group of patients has been demonstrated. The urothelial-like A subtype of bladder cancer (78%, p = 0.005), which is associated with an early pathological stage, a favorable prognosis, and the best survival rate, was found to signifi cantly predominate in young patients. Within the urothelial-like subtype, a specifi c tumor variant (so-called CK5/6+/p16+) (7%) was identifi ed, differing in immunophenotypic and clinical features, tending to a more aggressive biological behavior and probably refl ecting a different progression pathway of some urothelial carcinomas in contrast to the elderly patients. The frequency of adverse subtypes (urothelial-like B, genomically unstable, basal/squamous cell-like, mesenchymal-like) in the young group was not more than 6%; their occurrence in patients over 30 years of age with an age-proportional dependence was noted. The performed molecular profi ling of bladder cancer in young patients showed its diagnostic signifi cance, possibility of prognostic stratifi cation and, therefore, reasonable practicality.
SENSORY EVALUATION OF TURKISH COFFEE WITH COCONUT OIL
Authors: YILMAZER Melike
Published: September 2021

In this study, bringing a different perspective to Turkish coffee through an innovative formulation with coconut oil addition was aimed. It is important to create a new and desired taste and a marketable product other than the classical Turkish coffee, by sensorial analysis. For this purpose, after Turkish coffee was prepared in the standard formula, two different percentages of coconut oil (0.2 and 0.4%, by weight) were added to it. Turkish coffees prepared with the addition of coconut oil were presented to 22 untrained panelists for sensory evaluation. The panelists were also asked about their opinions on the product. Compared to Turkish coffee, most panelists noted that Turkish coffee samples with the addition of coconut oil had a pleasant aroma and left a smooth feel in the mouth. In addition, although sugar was not used in the preparation of Turkish coffee samples, most of the panelists mentioned that Turkish coffee samples with coconut oil have a sweeter taste compared to standard Turkish coffee. As a general evaluation of the panel, it was concluded that Turkish coffee samples with the addition of coconut oil were liked; the sample with one percentage was not preferred over the other percentage of coconut oil in formulation, significantly (p<0.05).
COMPARISION OF G-8 COUNTRIES’ AND TURKEY’S POLICIES TO CHALLENGE COVID 19 AND ITS IMPACT TO INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
Authors: AYDIN Kadir , SÖNMÜŞ Abdulmusa , DÖNMEZ Zafer , ATALAY Esat
Published: September 2021

In this research, a comparasion of Covid 19 caused economic supports between G-8 countries and Turkey is made. In addition, number of Covid 19 cases, death rates and number of deaths caused by Covid 19 is analized to Show the impacts of economic supports of same countries. Comparing to G-8 countries, Turkey has shown the same politics and economic support packages to its people. The main supports of G-8 countries and Turkey is to ensure the households ekonomic and social sustainability. By ensuring the work force’s sustainability was the important way to keep the households’ welfare in these countries. Finally, ekonomic supports of G-8 coıuntries and Turkey was to help the businesses that are directly effected fron the Covid 19 virus to keep their sustainability as well.