bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of social media networks among higher education students
Authors: Ali Al Musawi , Daria Bylieva , Mohamed Osman , Abdulrahman Ahmad , Asma Al-Moqbali
Published: August 2023

This study aims to compare how students perceive and use social media networks (SMNs) in both Omani and Russian higher education institutions. An extensive literature survey was conducted through which the content of the questionnaire was compiled in English, validated for its content, clarity and accuracy by Russian and Omani reviewers and then translated. Data was collected from 837 undergraduate Russian and Omani students using online Google Forms. The results indicate a moderate level of SMNs use in both Higher Education Institution (HEIs) contexts with cross-platform mobile applications at the top of list of the SMNs used by both groups for social connections and multimedia sharing. The overall perceptions towards SMNs seem to be neutral among Russian and Omani students followed by positive perceptions. The study recommends that teachers in both countries provide 'attractive' academic content through a social and multimedia design approach.
New mechanisms of multidrug resistance: an introduction to the Cancer Drug Resistance special collection
Authors: Gottesman Michael M. , Robey Robert W. , Ambudkar Suresh V.
Published: August 2023

Cancer Drug Resistance publishes contributions to understanding the biology and consequences of mechanisms that interfere with successful treatment of cancer. Since virtually all patients who die of metastatic cancer have multidrug-resistant tumors, improved treatment will require an understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to design therapies that circumvent these mechanisms, exploit these mechanisms, or inactivate these multidrug resistance mechanisms. One example of a resistance mechanism is the expression of ATP-binding cassette efflux pumps, but unfortunately, inhibition of these transporters has not proved to be the solution to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer. Other mechanisms that confer multidrug resistance, and the confluence of multiple different mechanisms (multifactorial multidrug resistance) have been identified, and it is the goal of this Special Collection to expand this catalog of potential multidrug resistance mechanisms, to explore novel ways to overcome resistance, and to present thoughtful reviews on the problem of multidrug resistance in cancer.
Light Deflection by Traversable Wormhole in Einstein-Bumblebee Gravity with an Antisymmetric Tensor
Authors: Javed Wajiha , Zahra Touqeer , C. Pantig Reggie , Övgün Ali
Published: August 2023

This research focuses on exploring gravitational lensing of the wormhole in Einstein-bumblebee gravity with an antisymmetric tensor. The Gibbons and Werner technique based on the Gauss-Bonnet theorem is utilized to calculate the bending angle of light. The effects of non-plasma and plasma medium on the bending angles are investigated. Furthermore, we examine the deflection angle $\Tilde{\alpha}$ in relation to the impact parameter $\sigma$ and minimal radius $r_{0}$ in both non-plasma and plasma mediums. Our findings indicate that the deflection angle is positively correlated with $r_{0}$, meaning that larger values of $r_{0}$ result in larger deflection angles and smaller values of $r_{0}$ result in smaller deflection angles. On the other hand, the deflection angle $\Tilde{\alpha}$ is inversely related to the impact parameter $\sigma$.
Complexity Theory in Biology and Technology: Broken Symmetries and Emergence
Authors: Di Sia Paolo , Ellis George F. R.
Published: August 2023

This paper discusses complexity theory, that is, the many theories that have been proposed for emergence of complexity from the underlying physics. Our aim is to identify which aspects have turned out to be the more fundamental ones as regards the emergence of biology, engineering, and digital computing, as opposed to those that are in fact more peripheral in these contexts. In the cases we consider, complexity arises via adaptive modular hierarchical structures that are open systems involving broken symmetries. Each emergent level is causally effective because of the meshing together of upwards and downwards causation that takes place consistently with the underlying physics. Various physical constraints limit the outcomes that can be achieved. The underlying issue concerns the origin of consciousness and agency given the basis of life in physics, which is structured starting from symmetries and variational principles with no trace of agency. A possible solution is to admit that consciousness is an irreducible emergent property of matter.
Inoculation with Biofilm of Bacillus subtilis Promotes the Growth of Lactuca sativa
Authors: Sarti Gabriela Cristina , Galelli Mirta Esther , Arreghini Silvana , Cristóbal-Miguez Josefina Ana Eva , Curá José Alfredo , Paz-González Antonio
Published: August 2023

In Argentina there are urban areas of intensive cultivation around most of the big cities, where the soils may be unsuitable for some of the horticultural species and the use of chemical fertilizers is common. Bioinoculants based on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) could be an al-ternative for crop improvement, without affecting the environment. These formulations are gen-erally liquid, and their main disadvantage is the low viability of microorganisms. The objectives of this work were to evaluate a different inoculation method, the application of the biofilm pro-duced by Bacillus subtilis as a growth promoter on seeds of three varieties of Lactuca sativa. Biofilm was obtained under static culture conditions, the liquid (planktonic) inoculum was produced at 150 rpm. The major effects were observed with Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii, that showed an-tifungal activity against phytopathogens, synthesize plant growth regulators (IAA, cytokinin and ABA) and solubilize phosphates. The best results were obtained with the Grand Rapid variety inoculated with biofilm, its positive effect was throughout the plant development until the har-vest time, when the bacterium was recovered from the interior of the roots. The biofilm of B. sub-tilis subsp. spizizenii would be an innovative and promising seed inoculant for horticultural spe-cies.
Detection and Quantification of Bisphenol A in Surface Water Using Absorbance-Transmittance and Fluorescence Excitation-Emission Matrices (A-TEEM) Coupled with Multi-Way Techniques
Authors: Ingwani Thomas , Chaukura Nhamo , Mamba Bhekie B , Nkambule Thabo , Gilmore Adam
Published: August 2023

In the present protocol, we determined the presence and concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) spiked in surface water samples using EEM fluorescence spectroscopy in conjunction with modelling using partial least squares (PLS) and parallel factor (PARAFAC). PARAFAC modelling of the EEM fluorescence data obtained from surface water samples contaminated with BPA unraveled four fluorophores including BPA. The best outcomes for BPA concentration (R2 = 0:996; Standard deviation to prediction error's root mean square ratio (RPD) = 3.41; and a Pearson's r value of 0.998). With these values of R2 and Pearson's r, the PLS model showed a strong correlation between the predicted and measured BPA concentrations. The detection and quantification limits of the methods were 3.512 and 11.708 micro molar (µM), respectively. In conclusion, BPA can be precisely detected and its concentration in surface water predicted using the PARAFAC and PLS models developed in this study and fluorescence EEM data collected from BPA-contaminated water. It is necessary to spatially relate surface water contamination data with other datasets in order to connect drinking water quality issues with health, environmental restoration, and environmental justice concerns.
Investigation of Antibacterial Properties of TiN-Cu Nanocoated Nitinol Archwires
Authors: Ilić Bojana , Petrović Božana , Marinković Jelena , Miletić Vukajlović Jadranka , Stevanović Momir , Potočnik Jelena , Jokanović Vukoman
Published: August 2023

Background: The use of nitinol (NiTi) archwires in orthodontic treatment has expanded significantly due to unique mechanical properties. The greatest barrier to safe orthodontic treatment is chemically or microbiologically induced corrosion, resulting in Ni2+ release. The aim of this investigation was to enhance corrosion resistance and introduction antibacterial properties to NiTi archwire by coating them with TiN-Cu. Methods: NiTi archwires were coated with TiN-Cu using cathodic arc evaporation and direct current magnetron sputtering. The morphology of the sample was analyzed by FESEM and the chemical composition was assessed using EDS, XRD and FTIR. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry was used to estimate the ion release. Biocompatibility of samples was investigated using MTT test. Antibacterial activity was analyzed against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus mitis. Results: Physico-chemical characterization revealed well-designed coatings with the presence of TiN phase with incorporated Cu2+. TiN-Cu coated archwires showed statistically lower Ni2+ release (p<0.05). Relative cell viability was the highest regarding 28-day eluates of TiN-Cu coated archwires (p<0.05). The most remarkable decrease in Streptococcus mitis concentrations was observed in case of TiN-Cu coated archwires (p<0.05). Conclusion: Taking into account biocompatibility and antibacterial tests, TiN-Cu coated archwires may be considered as a good candidate further clinical investigations.
Enhanced Economic Load Dispatch by Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) on Thermal Units: A Comparative Study with Different Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PEV) Charging Strategies
Authors: KHOBARAGADE TEJASWITA , Chaturvedi Dr. K T
Published: August 2023

This research paper presents an enhanced economic load dispatch (ELD) approach using the Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm for 10 thermal units, examining the impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) in different charging scenarios. The TLBO algorithm is utilized to optimize the ELD problem, considering the complexities associated with thermal units. The integration of PEVs in the load dispatch optimization is investigated, and different charging profiles and probability distributions are defined for PEVs in various scenarios, including overall charging profile, off-peak charging, peak charging, and stochastic charging. These tables allow for the modeling and analysis of PEV charging behavior and power requirements within the power system. By incorporating PEVs, additional controllable resources are introduced, enabling more effective load management and grid stability. The comparative analysis showcases the advantages of the TLBO-based ELD model with PEVs, demonstrating the potential of coordinated dispatch strategies leveraging PEV storage and controllability. This paper emphasizes the importance of integrating PEVs into the load dispatch optimization process, utilizing the TLBO algorithm, to achieve economic and reliable power system operation while considering different PEV charging scenarios.
Pitfalls of Using Multinomial Regression Analysis to Identify Class-Structure Relevant Variables in Biomedical Datasets: Why a Mixture of Experts (MOE) Approach is Better
Authors: Lötsch Jörn , Ultsch Alfred
Published: August 2023

Recent advances in mathematical modelling and artificial intelligence have challenged the use of traditional regression analysis in biomedical research. This study examined artificial and cancer research data using binomial and multinomial logistic regression and compared its performance with other machine learning models such as random forests, support vector machines, Bayesian classifiers, k-nearest neighbours and repeated incremental clipping (RIPPER). The alternative models often outperformed regression in accurately classifying new cases. Logistic regression had a structural problem similar to early single-layer neural networks, which limited its ability to identify variables with high statistical significance for reliable class assignment. Therefore, regression is not always the best model for class prediction in biomedical datasets. The study emphasises the importance of validating selected models and suggests that a mixture of experts approach may be a more advanced and effective strategy for analysing biomedical datasets.
Optimization of preoperative preparation of HPV-positive patients with combined pathology of the uterine corpus and cervix
Authors:   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zarochentseva N.V. , Shchukina N.A. ,   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Belousov M.M. ,   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Rovinskaya O.V. ,   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Budykina T.S. ,   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Barinova I.V. ,   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zemskova N.Yu. ,   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Menshikova N.S. ,   Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

Objective. To improve surgical outcomes in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive patients with combined pathology of the uterine corpus and cervix by optimizing preoperative preparation. Patients and methods. The study included patients (n = 151) who were observed and treated at the Moscow Regional Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology. All patients were referred for a hysterectomy, the indication for which was the presence of combined pathology of the uterine corpus and cervix. Patients underwent pre- and postoperative screening, including the detection of high carcinogenic risk (HCR) HPV, liquid-based cytology, colposcopy, and vaginoscopy (6 months after a hysterectomy). Histological methods were also used. Results. We revealed a high rate (26.5%) of HCR HPV in patients with combined pathology of the uterine corpus and cervix, predominantly combined lesions (two or more HCR HPV types in 55%), prevalent HCR HPV type 16 (62.5%), and a high viral load before a hysterectomy. Conclusion. This study demonstrates the necessity of a thorough preoperative examination (cervical cytology, HPV testing, extended colposcopy and vaginoscopy) and the advisability of including immunomodulatory agents with antiviral cytokine activity in the preoperative preparation of such patients (the efficacy and safety of Superlymph was proven in the study). Key words: hysterectomy, human papillomavirus, cervical and vaginal neoplasms, immunity, cytokines, Superlymph
Ten-Year Follow-Up of a Customized Total Talar Prosthesis for Revision Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Yano Koichiro , Ikari Katsunori , Okazaki Ken
Published: August 2023

Case:

A 74-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis had undergone total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) for severe ankle joint destruction at our hospital 14 years earlier. Radiographs of the ankle revealed displacement of the tibial component and subsidence of the talar component. Revision TAA was performed using a customized alumina ceramic total talar prosthesis.

Conclusion:

The 10-year outcome of revision TAA with a total talar prosthesis was satisfactory, with no postoperative complications, such as displacement of the tibial component, dislocation of alumina ceramic artificial talus, or progression of degenerative changes in the talonavicular and subtalar joints.
Vancomycin Flushing Syndrome After the Use of Vancomycin-Impregnated Bone Graft During Spine Surgery
Authors: Iyer R. Dinesh , Shetty Ajoy Prasad , Kanna Rishi Mugesh , Sri Vijay Anand K. S. , Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran
Published: August 2023

Case:

Intrawound vancomycin in spine surgery is a common clinical practice. We report a case of a 14-year-old adolescent girl undergoing surgery for scoliosis correction who developed features of vancomycin flushing syndrome after the use of vancomycin-impregnated bone graft. After resuscitation, she was extubated and had an uneventful postoperative recovery. At 1-year follow-up, she is back to her routine without any sequelae of the intraoperative event.

Conclusion:

The use of intrawound vancomycin can result in life-threatening reactions. With the increase in its use, the anesthetist and the surgeon must be aware of such complications.
Estudio "in vitro" del efecto antibacteriano de Eucalyptus globulus y Eucalyptus viminalis frente a cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae y Pseudomona aeruginosa
Authors:   , Regalado Rojas Luis Eduardo , Rodriguez Vargas Stacy Mercedes
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar in vitro el efecto antibacteriano de Eucalyptus globulus (EG) y Eucalyptus viminalis (EV) frente a cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae y Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Metodología: Los grupos funcionales químicos de EG (hojas y tallos) y EV (corteza) se determinaron mediante Screening químico. Se realizaron pruebas de solubilidad a extractos secos e hidroalcohólicos de EG (hojas y tallos) y EV (corteza). Se probaron varias concentraciones del extracto bruto y 1-10 para la actividad antibacteriana. concentraciones de las fracciones para determinar la concentración inhibitoria mínima (MIC). Resultados: El tamizaje fitoquímico mostro la presencia de péptidos y proteínas, carbohidratos reductores, lípidos, compuestos grasos (EV corteza -), fenoles, taninos, alcaloides, flavonoides, antocianidina (EG hojas -), aldehídos y cetonas, saponinas y triterpenos y esteroides y resinas. El extracto etanólico de EG (hojas) mostró actividad antibacteriana contra Klebsiella pneumoniae con una MIC de 0.44 mg/mL y para Pseudomonas aeuriginosa con un valor MIC de 3.58 mg/mL. El extracto etanólico de EG (tallos) mostró actividad antibacteriana contra Klebiella pneumoniae y Pseudomonas aeuriginosa con una concentración de 2.32mg/mL. El extracto etanólico de EV (corteza) mostró una MIC de 0.39 mg/mL contra Klebsiella pneumoniae y 1.59 mg/mL contra Pseudomonas aeuriginosa. Conclusión: Los extractos etanólicos de las plantas EG (hojas), EG (tallos) y EV (corteza) presentaron actividad antibacteriana sobre Klebsiella pneumoniae y Pseudomona aeruginosa.
Impactos de dos sistemas de producción de papa huayro (Solanum chaucha) agroecológico y convencional en Aija, Áncash
Authors:   , Kamt Quezada Mey Lin
Published: August 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es evidenciar los impactos de los sistemas de producción agroecológico y convencional del cultivo de papa huayro (Solanum chaucha) en la zona de Aija. El estudio consistió en dos etapas, primero se aplicó una encuesta a 100 agricultores y bajo ciertos criterios se seleccionó al azar a 8 agricultores, 4 agroecológicos y 4 convencionales. En ambos sistemas de producción se analizaron variables fiscoquímicas, biológicas, agronómicas como rendimiento y presencia de residuos de agroquímicos en el suelo y en el tubérculo de la papa. De la encuesta se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en las tres dimensiones: socioculturales, económicas y ambientales como, por ejemplo: en el nivel educativo (p=0,021), desempeño de funciones de liderazgo entre varones y mujeres (p=0,01, p=0,02), reducción de raciones de alimento (p=0,024), número de prácticas agroecológicas empleadas (p=0,01), control de plagas (p=0,01), entre otros. Respecto a la evaluación de las variables fisicoquímicas, rendimiento y biológicas no se hallaron diferencias significativas exceptuando a las lombrices (p=0,02) encontrando mayor población en el sistema agroecológico. Adicional a ello se encontraron residuos de agroquímicos en el suelo: Carbofuran (1 agroecológico 0,01 mg/kg y 1 convencional 0,158 mg/kg), Cipermetrina (2 convencionales, 0,285 mg/kg y 0,282 mg/kg) y DDE-op (1 convencional, 0,182 mg/kg) y en el tubérculo de la papa se encontró Thiabendazol en 2 agroecológicos (0,222 mg /kg y 0,28 mg/kg) y en los 4 convencionales (0,492 mg/kg, 0,202 mg/kg, 0,268 mg/kg y 0,459 mg/kg). Se concluye que el sistema de producción agroecológica influye positivamente en las tres dimensiones evaluadas; si bien no presenta mucha variabilidad con el sistema de producción convencional, es el sistema que más se acerca a un manejo sostenible observando cambio progresivo en el manejo de producción de la población de Aija con tendencia a la sostenibilidad.
Frecuencia de melanoma oral y su asociación a factores de riesgo en caninos diagnosticados mediante histopatología en un laboratorio veterinario en lima durante el periodo 2012 - 2020
Authors:   , Yika Espinosa Andrea
Published: August 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio retrospectivo fue determinar la frecuencia del melanoma oral canino y su asociación con factores de raza, sexo y grupo etario de caninos diagnosticados por histopatología en el Laboratorio Patológico Veterinario San Isidro en el periodo de enero del 2012 a setiembre del 2020. Se colectaron 115 informes de tumores orales en caninos y de ellos 31 fueron diagnosticados como melanoma, resultando en una frecuencia de 26.97%. Además, se identificó un porcentaje mayor en machos (77,4%), de raza pura (64.5%) y de edades entre 7 a 10 años (41.9%) de los casos de melanoma oral canino. No se encontró asociación estadística entre la presencia de melanoma oral canino y los factores sexo, raza y grupo etario en la población evaluada.
Caracterización epidemiológica de la pérdida auditiva en conductores de carga pesada del sur del Perú, en el periodo 2017 al 2019
Authors:   , Quispe Castro Carlos Alberto , Santiago Bueno Wilder
Published: August 2023

Objetivos: El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar las características epidemiológicas de la progresión de la pérdida auditiva en conductores de carga pesada. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo transversal, observacional y analítico en 150 conductores de carga pesada en el periodo 2017-2019, se recopiló los resultados de las audiometrías realizadas en el periodo de estudio comparando los valores en las diferentes frecuencias entre 0.25 a 8 Hz y relacionándolos con las diferentes variables. Resultados: Los conductores presentaban un rango de edad entre 41 a 50 años en su mayoría, de ruta nacional (n=100) y ruta local (n=50). Se encontró una prevalencia de pérdida auditiva en los conductores de ruta local (OD: 66%, OI: 62%) y en la ruta nacional (OD: 42%, OI: 41%); no hubo diferencias significativas entre el oído derecho e izquierdo en ruta nacional ni en ruta local, sin embargo, se encontró diferencias significativas en las audiometrías del año 2017 al 2019 (p<0.005). Conclusiones: Se encontró una mayor prevalencia de pérdida auditiva en los conductores de ruta local en comparación a la ruta nacional, no hubo diferencia significativa entre las audiometrías del oído derecho y el oído izquierdo en conductores de ruta local y nacional.
Investigation of rock mass deformation through nap-of-the-object photogrammetry: a case study of Hongyun Golden Peak in Fanjing Mountain, China
Authors: Dang Jie , Fan Xuanmei , Wang Xin , Li Zhenglin , Leng Yangyang
Published: August 2023

Traditional field investigation methods are inapplicable in some landslide cases where numerous dangerous rocks are distributed. Therefore, nap-of-the-object photogrammetry (NOOP) has been developed for such applications while meeting the demand for fine measurements. The new technology involves using UAVs to fly close to the object surface to obtain subcentimeter high-resolution images. Afterward, software is used to achieve a fine surface model of the target object. In this paper, a case study of the deformation characteristics of the high-steep rock mass of Hongyun Golden Peak of Fanjing Mountain in Guizhou Province, China, is conducted. Through preliminary oblique photogrammetry, which involves data processing, NOOP route planning, and fine NOOP, a realistic 3D surface model of the Golden Peak of Fanjing Mountain is obtained. The resolution of the model could reach the millimeter level (2 mm). Detailed characteristics of the 3 groups of joints and 9 deep-large cracks are obtained from the rock structure investigation and statistical analysis of fissure deformation. NOOP can be used to acquire the elevation of the target object, thus compensating for the deficiencies of oblique photogrammetry. Additionally, it accurately reproduces the terrain and fine object structures. The results of this study can provide a reference for geological investigations involving monitoring high-steepness dangerous rocks.
Laser Hemorrhoidoplasty vs Rubber Band Ligation: A randomized trial comparing 2 mini-invasive treatment for grade II hemorrhoids
Authors: Jin# Lei , Qin Kaijian , Wu Renjie , Yang Haojie , Cui Can , Wang Zhenyi , Wu Jiong
Published: August 2023

Purpose
As a minimally invasive procedure, laser hemorrhoidoplasty (LHP) can not only relieve the symptoms of hemorrhoids, but also protect the anal cushion structure. This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of LHP in the treatment of grade II hemorrhoids.
Methods
A total of 70 patients with grade II hemorrhoids were randomly assigned to receive LHP or Rubber Band Ligation (RBL) (n = 35 per group) in 2019 from a single center. The postoperative pain, bleeding, feeling of anal distension and postoperative recurrence rate were compared between the two groups.
Results
The postoperative pain, bleeding, and feeling of anal distension in the LHP group were improved significantly as compared with the RBL group within 2 weeks after surgery (P < 0.01). Both methods can relieve the symptoms of grade II hemorrhoids. There was no difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups at 1 year after surgery (P > 0.05). The patients in LHP group took less time to return to normal activities (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
As a minimally invasive treatment, LHP is easy and not traumatic and results in mild postoperative pain and few complications. It is an ideal choice for grade II hemorrhoids.
Assessment of the Covid-19 impact on the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) financing: an analysis of the financing dynamics of 2020 and 2021
Authors: Corrêa Ana Carolina Costa , Rigotti Maria Luisa Oliveira , Lacerda Hugo Dillhermando de Souza , Ferreira Bruno Pérez
Published: August 2023

Background
After the establishment of the public health emergency of international concern in 2020, health systems worldwide and in Brazil observed the need to apply more extraordinary logistical efforts and possibly resources to combat the imminent pandemic.
Methods
Using the historical series of public expenditures of the National Health Fund (FNS), 2015 to 2021, the number of confirmed cases of Covid-19, and a seasonal ARIMAX model, we sought to assess how the increase in the new virus infections affected the systematic financing of the Unified Health System (SUS) in Brazil.
Results
There were signs of seasonality and an increasing trend in the expenditure variable, which in practical terms, only indicated that the resource contributions followed an increasing trajectory already underway before the advent of the pandemic. The 1% increase in Covid-19 cases, with a one-month lag, contributes to the 0.062% increase in the variation in FNS expenditures but a decrease of 0.058% with a two-month lag.
Conclusion
The tests showed no evidence to confirm a positive shift on FNS spending growth trajectory due to the increase of Covid-19 cases, only observing a significant increase one month after the occurrence of Covid cases, probably due to their worsening after this period, which was followed by a similar and comparable decrease in percentage of growth in the following month.
Applying i-PARIHS to Identify Emerging Innovations in Hospital Discharge Decision Making in Response to System Stress: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Gustavson Allison M. , Miller Matthew J. , Boening Natassia , Wisdom Jennifer P. , Burke Robert E. , Hagedorn Hildi J.
Published: August 2023

Background
The purpose of this qualitative study was to use a Learning Health System approach to identify factors influencing the emergence of innovation in rehabilitation hospital discharge decision-making during the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Methods
Rehabilitation clinicians were recruited from the Veterans Affairs Health Care System and participated in individual semi-structured interviews guided by the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework. Data were analyzed using a rapid qualitative, deductive team-based approach informed by directed content analysis.
Results
Twenty-three rehabilitation clinicians representing physical (N = 11) and occupational therapy (N = 12) participated in the study. Three primary themes were generated: (1) Recipients: innovations emerged as approaches to communicating discharge recommendations changed (in-person to virtual) and strong patient/family preferences to discharge to the home challenged collaborative goal setting; (2) Context: the ability of rehabilitation clinicians to innovate and the form of innovations were influenced by the broader hospital system, interdisciplinary team dynamics, and policy fluctuations; (3) Innovation: emerging innovations in discharge processes included perceived increases in team collaboration, shifts in caseload prioritization, and alternative options for post-acute care.
Conclusions
Our findings reinforce that rehabilitation clinicians developed innovative strategies to quickly adapt to multiple systems-level factors that were changing in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Future research is needed to assess the impact of innovations, remediate unintended consequences, and evaluate the implementation of promising innovations to respond to emerging healthcare delivery needs more rapidly.
Research interests and emerging trends of meniscal extrusion and the future of arthroscopic centralization: a bibliometric and visualized analysis in the last 20 years
Authors: Chen Qi , He Chunrong , He Jinshen
Published: August 2023

Background: Bibliometrics refers to measuring the scientific output of an author, institution, or country. Visualized analysis transforms data into visible form by software, allowing researchers to gain knowledge of significant aspects of their data easily and quickly. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the literature on meniscal extrusion and arthroscopic centralization, while also incorporating trend visualization for enhanced insights.Methods:Web of Science (WOS) was chosen as the database for this evaluation. The search encompassed the period from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2022, yielding 690 records after exclusion. The publications, citations, authors, keywords, countries, and institutions were subjected to analysis using VOSviewer and Citespace.Results:The number of publications progressively increases year by year. The United States and Japan emerge as the top two countries, with Boston University and Okayama University being the leading institutes. Guermazi Ali and Furumatsu Takayuki are the top two authors with the most publications. Among the journals,Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy,Osteoarthritis and Cartilageexhibit the most substantial number of publications. Notably, there has been a recent focus on pullout repair, posterior root tear, meniscal extrusion, and meniscus centralization, attracting significant attention in the field.Conclusion:The results reveal that research related to meniscal extrusion and arthroscopic centralization predominantly originates from a limited number of corresponding authors and institutions. There is a strong interest in this topic within top-tier sports medicine journals and among developed countries. The focus of interest in this field has undergone dynamic shifts over time.
Research on Influencing Factors of scenic spot passenger flow based on big data
Authors: Li Man
Published: August 2023

In 2021, driven by factors such as the continued loose fiscal and monetary policies of major economies and the acceleration of global vaccine production and vaccination, global tourism economic activities will show a clear recovery trend. As vaccination rates continue to rise and restrictions on international travel are eased around the world, the global tourism industry is continuing to grow and recover steadily. The paper first analyzes and summarizes the changing trend of tourism under the epidemic situation, and further expounds the related academic research on tourism development. Taking the Baidu Index as a measure of network attention, the Baidu Index data of national tourist attractions from April 15 to October 15, 2021 was collected to analyze the network attention of scenic spots from the perspective of time and space, combined with the unique characteristics of Hangzhou. Based on the characteristics of location and tourism resources, the factors affecting the tourist flow of scenic spots and the relationship between them were analyzed by SPSS statistical method.
The Relationship between Defensive pessimism, Goal Orientation and Self Esteem among Faculty Nursing Students
Authors: hussein mohamed , Rushdan Esraa , elzohairy nadia
Published: August 2023

Background: The academic achievement of students is closely tied to their self-worth and ability to stay focused on their goals. Furthermore, students can use their cognitive abilities to pursue their goal direction and motivate themselves. They may set low expectations before entering a situation, not because they believe they will fail, but to prepare themselves for the possibility of failure. By doing so, they can motivate themselves to work harder and avoid anticipated failure, which is known as defensive pessimism.
The study’s aims: Assess the levels of defensive pessimism, goal orientation, and self-esteem of nursing students at the Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University.
Subjects: 400 students were included in research by stratified sampling method followed by simple randomization sampling technique to select 100 students from each academic year.
Tools: The Defensive Pessimism Questionnaire, The Goal Orientation Scale, and Self-Esteem Scale were used.
Results: 56.28% of participants had a low level of defensive pessimism, about two thirds (62.30%) of the participants had a low level of goal orientation, and 70.0% of the students had a mild level of self-esteem.
Conclusion: It was observed that there is a significant and positive correlation between defensive pessimism and goal orientation while there was a negative significant correlation found with self-esteem.
Implications: it is suggested that workshops be conducted for nursing students to educate them about defensive pessimism, goal orientation, and self-esteem. This will help the students to understand these concepts better and develop psycho-education program to improve their goal-setting abilities, self-esteem, and decrease use of defensive pessimism which may lead to better academic achievement.
Effects of local mutations in quadratic iterations
Authors: Radulescu Anca Ruxandra , Longbotham Abraham , Collier Ashelee
Published: August 2023

We introduce mutations in replication systems in which the intact copying mechanism is performed by discrete iterations of a complex quadratic map in the family fc(z) = z2 + c. More specifically, we consider a “correct” function fc1 acting on the complex plane (representing the DNA to be copied). A “mutation” fc0 is a different (“erroneous”) map acting on a locus of given radius r around a mutation focal point ξ∗. The effect of the mutation is interpolated radially to eventually recover the original map fc1 when reaching an outer radius R. We call the resulting map a “mutated” map.
In the theoretical framework of mutated iterations, we study how a mutation (replication error) affects the temporal evolution of the system, in the context of cell differentiation and tumor formation. We use the prisoner set of the system to quantify simultaneously the long-term behavior of the entire space under mutated maps. We analyze how the position, timing and size of the mutation can alter the system's long-term evolution (as encoded in the topology of its prisoner set), its progression into disease and its ability to recover or heal. In the context of genetics, mutated iterations may shed some light on aspects such as the importance of location, size and type of mutation when evaluating a system’s prognosis, and suggest ways to customize intervention.
rAj-Tspin, a novel peptide from Apostichopus japonicus, exerts anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects via the ITGB1/ZYX/FAK/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Che Ying , Lu Xiaolong , Wang Xueting , Liu Zhien , Guan Liyang , Li Xin , Du Zaixing , Ren Hang , Wang Jihong , Zhou Zunchun , Lv Li
Published: August 2023

rAj-Tspin, a soluble gene recombinant peptide from Apostichopus japonicus, can inhibit the integrin β1 (ITGB1)/FAK/AKT signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via cell epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptosis. Zyxin (ZYX) is a focal adhesion protein that is considered a novel mediator of EMT and apoptosis. However, the inhibitory mechanisms of rAj-Tspin in HCC and whether it is related to ZYX are unclear. We examined the antitumor effect of rAj-Tspin on the Huh7 human HCC cell line and on nude mouse models with subcutaneous injection or orthotopic intrahepatic transplantation of Huh7 cells. Our results show that rAj-Tspin strikingly reduced cell viability and promoted apoptosis in Huh7 cells and inhibited HCC tumor growth in nude mice. rAj-Tspin dose-dependently inhibited ITGB1 and ZYX protein expression in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, the FAK/AKT signaling pathway and the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells were suppressed upon ITGB1 and ZYX knockdown. Moreover, the effect of ITGB1 overexpression on the growth of HCC cells could be inhibited by rAj-Tspin. In contrast, the promoting effect of ITGB1 overexpression could be inhibited by ZYX knockdown. ZYX knockdown had no effect on ITGB1 expression. These findings suggest that ZYX is required for the indispensable role of ITGB1 in rAj-Tspin-alleviated HCC and provide an important therapeutic target for HCC. In summary, the anti-HCC effect of rAj-Tspin potentially involves the regulation of the ITGB1/ZYX/FAK/AKT pathway, which in turn impacts EMT and apoptosis.
Bamboo Expansion Affects the Vertical Distribution and Phenotypic Plasticity of Root Systems of Native Cunninghamia lanceolata and Expanding Phyllostachys edulis in Middle-Southern China
Authors: Li Nan , Huang Wanwan , Zhou Cheng , Liu Yuping , He Shanshan , Li Jun , Ai Wensheng , Peng Chao
Published: August 2023

It is commonly known that bamboo shoots reduce native diversity by spreading through neighboring communities via their rhizome systems. However, the mechanism of root interaction between native species and expanding bamboo is poorly understood. This study aims to explore the differences in parameters such as biomass vertical distribution and phenotypic plasticity of root orders between expanding species, specifically moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis, Pe), and native species, Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolate, Cl), at different expansion levels. The results show a heterogeneous reaction to expansion effects. The root biomass of Chinese fir significantly decreased from CLS to PCM, while bamboo root biomass exhibited a similar but insignificant decreasing trend from PES to CPM. Both root systems remained concentrated at the uppermost layers, where the FRB ratio of Pe was higher than Cl, and the majority of phenotypic traits of Pe root systems were noticeably higher than that of Cl in both vertical and horizontal soil. Additionally, the study found that soil factors explained root traits well, with a cumulative variation ranging from 53.87–88.48%. The findings suggest that bamboo expansion affects spatial heterogeneity and niche differentiation of both native and expanding species. In terms of root distribution and plastic reaction, Chinese fir is at a disadvantage compared to expanding bamboo, which worsens its survival conditions.
Attachment Styles and Quality of Romantic and Family Relationship in a French Population of Young Adults: the Mediating Role of Trait-mindfulness
Authors: CHAKROUN-BAGGIONI Nadia , SHANKLAND Rebecca , FALL Estelle
Published: August 2023

Although the literature has shown that attachment and mindfulness are related to relationship quality, their cumulative effect remains unclear. This study aims to understand the impact of mindfulness on the relationship between parental and adult attachment styles and the quality of relationships with parents and romantic partners in young adults. Data were collected on 195 first-year psychology students not experts in mindfulness. Structural equation models showed that trait mindfulness mediated the relationship between adult attachment and romantic relationship quality. Adult attachment had an indirect effect on the quality of romantic relationships. Mindfulness played an important mediating role as it was significantly associated with romantic relationships quality regardless of the nature of attachment. Only parental attachment was a predictor of quality of parental relationship. These results show that the more secure the attachment to the parents, the better the quality of the relationship with them in adulthood, while in romantic partners mindfulness plays a role in relationship quality. Therefore, interventions that develop trait mindfulness could be effective in increasing ability of young adults to have more satisfying relationships with their romantic partner. Interventions promoting the development of secure attachment would be the most suitable to improve quality of family relationships.
Disease suppression, growth promotion and colonization attributes of resident endophytic bacteria against white root rot (Dematophora necatrix Hartig) of apple
Authors: Pal Joginder , Sharma Satish K. , Sharma Anju
Published: August 2023

The inherent potential of apple trees was investigated to explore bacterial endophytes and their role in suppressingDematophora necatrix, the incitant of white root rot disease. Resultantly 34 endophytic bacteria secluded from healthy apple plants, and subsequently 6 most efficient isolates viz.Bacillus megateriumstrain EA3,Enterobactersp. strain EA7,Bacillus megateriumstrain EK2,Stenotrophomonas maltophiliastrain EK6,Acinetobacter nosocomialisstrain ES2 andPseudomonas aeruginosastrain ES8 depicting anti-pathogen interactions through preliminary screening were further assessed underin vitro, glasshouse and field conditions against white root rot disease. Maximum mycelial growth inhibition (80.37%) was obtained inS. maltophiliastrain EK6 encouraging for its seed treatment and soil application thereby providing significant effective control (87.91%) of white root rot under controlled culture situations as compared to other five bacterial endophytes evaluated simultaneously, followed by field efficacy of 83.70 per cent. In addition, it has significantly enhanced the growth parameters of apple trees under both the situations. The inoculated healthy plants were assessed for endophytic colonization which revealed maximum endosphere colonialism byS. maltophiliastrain EK6. Additionally, confocal microscopic explication of transverse sections of root cells colonized by bacterial endophytes as compared to untreated control implied their persistence and establishment in endosphere of apple seedlings. This investigation emphasized the first evidence of interaction between apple associated bacterial endophytes andD. necatrix, therefore these endophytes could be employed as alternative for mitigating white root rot disease in future.
The minutes until the emergency physician arrives at the scene – Do paramedics face an ethical dilemma when caring for advanced incurably ill and cardiac arrest patients? – a prospective questionnaire - based study
Authors: Mühe Karin , Nauck Friedemann , Alt-Epping Bernd
Published: August 2023

Backgound: In Germany, prehospital emergency medicine implies a “rendezvous” system where paramedics and an emergency physician arrive at the scene separately. If paramedics arrive first, they are obliged to perform all possible actions in order to save the patient´s life. But due to a legally contradictory situation, this may lead to moral distress and an ethical dilemma, so far hardly considered scientifically, when comfort care might be more appropriate than aggressive life-saving measures for patients with an advanced incurable disease and cardiac arrest.
Methods: A mixed method approach was used to explore the experiences and attitudes of German paramedics by using a newly designed, piloted questionnaire which is based on the limited existing literature and exploratory expert interviews.
Results: 295 paramedics participated and 283 questionnaires could be included for analysis. Nearly 80% of the paramedics experienced moral distress when performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or providing medical care to patients with an advanced incurable disease. In approximately one-third of such first-at-scene situations, the respondents decided to refrain from CPR on their own responsibility or not to intervene with extended medical measures. In these first-at-scene situation most of the participating respondents also felt that they were acting outside their prescribed legal competence. The respondents listed the patient´s (actual or presumed) will, previous involvement of palliative home care, estimated overall prognosis, a suggested dying process, and the relatives´ perception and wishes as criteria for refraining from emergency measures. 71.4% of the respondents claimed to have sufficient expertise for making a CPR decision on their own responsibility, 64.0% supported a concept that extends the legal responsibility of paramedics in case of CPR. 50.9% of paramedics felt sufficiently competent in independently administering care to advanced incurably patients, 57.6% of respondents advocated a transfer of (legal) competence.
Conclusion: Despite legal uncertainties, aggressive measures were foregone in one third of first-at-scene situations, based on criteria-driven decisions. Extending legal competencies to paramedics while at the same time optimizing training and providing further conceptual and structural support (such as palliative home care, crisis intervention teams and implementation of advance care planning) could help solve these dilemmas.
Scenario simulation of ecological risk based on land use/cover change under SSP-RCP scenarios : A case study of Xinjiang
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zhang Kun , Lv Jing
Published: August 2023

Taking Xinjiang as the research area, this paper constructed an ecological risk model based on data of Land use/cover Quality Index (LQI), Climate Quality Index (CQI), and Soil Quality Index (SQI) to simulate the ecological risk of Xinjiang and predict it under different scenarios (Shared Socioeconomic Pathways SSPs) at 2100. There are five conclusions drawn:(1) the land use/land cover have changed no obvious from 2020 to 2100. Grassland and farmlands have change the most. Unused land was stable, while forest and water areas have declined significantly. (2) In 2100, after reviewing different scenarios in Xinjiang, it can be seen that the LULCC risk level is dominated by the medium-quality risk level. The areas with medium-quality risk level account for about 70% of the total area of Xinjiang. (3) In 2100, the high-quality climatic and ecological risk areas of different SSPs in Xinjiang are mainly distributed in mountains, desert, and other regions. The medium-quality climatic and ecological risk areas are mainly distributed in the central and eastern regions of Xinjiang. (4) Under different scenarios in 2100, the spatial distribution of ecological risk levels in Xinjiang is mainly dominated by areas with low and medium ecological risk levels, accounting for nearly 70% of the total area. (5) From 2020 to 2100, the ecological risk levels of different scenarios show a decreasing trend in sequence. Typically, from 2020 to SSP370 (2100), most areas change from being at a previous medium ecological risk level to being at a relatively high/high ecological risk level. Under the SSP585 scenario, a large area of areas has changed from the original low ecological risk level to the current high ecological risk level. Only a small area of areas is showing an opposite area change.