bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploratory analysis of suicidal tendency in depression investigation social media post
Authors: MOBIN MD IFTEKHARUL , MRIDHA MUHAMMAD FIROZ , MAHMUD S. M. HASAN
Published: January 2024

Depression and suicide are interconnected. A depressive condition influences the chance of suicide. Though, to what extent of depression level triggers suicidal attempt is a scrutiny. The traditional interview-based clinical diagnostic approach is not effective for predicting a depressed person’s psychiatric status. Since patients often prefer not to disclose their emotions, they are reluctant to seek help from psychotherapists or doctors. Social media’s footprint often sees people discussing things that are not disclosed publicly. Emotionally distressed people often disclose themselves, seek empathy, and reveal physiological states. Hence, it has become a valuable source of research for depression and suicidal behaviors. This study uses social media datasets for exploratory data analysis to estimate the degree of suicidal thoughts within a depressed person’s post. The objective is to determine if a depressed individual has a suicidal tendency, determine the degree of intensity, or do the opposite. This study presents an unsupervised feature analysis using the topic model approach followed by supervised classification to quantify significance. Latent suicidal intents,cross-topic co-occurrence patterns, and dominant high-impact keywords of suicide are revealed from unsupervised Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) modeling. Furthermore, supervised machine learning classifier models are applied to determine the severity of suicide tendencies. To get the best results, cutting-edge text embedding vectorization techniques and machine learning estimators are applied. Statistical measurements depict the degree of suicide intensity within the depressed label post. From the analysis, it is revealed that suicidal tendency among people with depression is extremely high. The depressed person’s post showed 60% similarities in various categories of suicidal intensity.
A High-Sensitivity Cryogenic Radio Receiver: Design, Performance and Polarization Analysis
Authors: Mohammadian Babak , McCulloch Mark , Gilles Valerio , Amiri Shahram , Piccirillo Lucio
Published: January 2024

Large reflector antennas are subjected to testing for calibration accuracy and precision, ensuring signal reception sensitivity and consistent performance across an extended frequency range. In this paper, we introduce a cryogenic radio receiver which is placed on a 5.3 m reflector with a gain of 60.19 dB. This antenna serves as the reference antenna for holographic calibration measurements with the measured G/Tsys ~42 dB/K. The receiver provides a bandwidth of 2 GHz (21-23 GHz), the receiver's noise temperature is 19.55, and The polarization conversion yields an Axial Ratio (AR) of less than 1.3 dB.
Experimental study on unsteady aerodynamics of an oscillating three-dimensional prism in uniform and turbulent boundary layer flows using forced vibration technique
Authors: Fu Guoqiang , Quan Yong , Feng Chengdong , Gu Ming
Published: January 2024

Unsteady aerodynamic forces play a crucial role in phenomena such as vortex-induced vibration and galloping. However, the influence of turbulence on unsteady aerodynamics remains far from been fully understood. In this study, a series of forced vibration model and rigid model wind tunnel tests were conducted in both a uniform flow and three different turbulent boundary layer flows with varying turbulence conditions to investigate the unsteady aerodynamic forces of a slender three-dimensional prism. Turbulence effects on the along-wind and across-wind unsteady wind pressure, local and generalized aerodynamic force coefficients, Strouhal number, correlations and coherence functions of unsteady aerodynamic forces, and aeroelastic parameters were comparatively investigated, and the underlying mechanisms were further discussed. The results show remarkable differences in unsteady aerodynamics between the uniform and turbulent flows due to the complex coupling effects among the turbulence, vibration amplitude, and reduced wind speed. The vibration has a significant impact on the unsteady aerodynamics in the same direction. Additionally, along-wind vibration could influence across-wind unsteady aerodynamic forces, while across-wind vibration has minimal effects on along-wind aerodynamic forces. Increasing the amplitude of across-wind vibration significantly increases vertical correlation coefficients within the lock-in region but notably reduces the separation length, weakening horizontal correlation coefficients on the sideward face. Nonetheless, the unsteady aerodynamics are mainly determined by the quasi-steady states beyond the lock-in region, and the influence of vibration is generally negligible. As turbulence intensity increases, the power spectra densities of across-wind aerodynamic forces become wider, and the across-wind aerodynamic force coefficients and aeroelastic parameters exhibit more moderate variations with reduced wind speeds. Both the vertical and horizontal correlation coefficients decrease noticeably at a high level of turbulence intensity, and the end effect and the formation of nonlinear aerodynamics are also suppressed. The Strouhal number of the three-dimensional oscillating prism is little affected by turbulence. However, the lock-in region is extended in turbulent flows compared to uniform flow.
Learning to Suppress Tremors: A Deep Reinforcement Learning-Enabled Soft Exoskeleton for Parkinson's Patients
Authors: Tamás Endrei , Földi Sándor , Makk Ádám , Cserey György
Published: January 2024

Neurological tremors, prevalent among a large population, are one of the most rampant movement disorders. Biomechanical loading and the utilization of exoskeletons have been demonstrated to enhance the everyday life of patients. However the reliance on traditional control algorithms limit the use of this treatment in dynamic movements and in diseases where the model of the underlying condition is not available or where the model is susceptible to change.

Here we present a novel deep reinforcement learning based control strategy capable of handling a wide range of tremors across multiple dynamic movements. Our approach incorporates the use of encoder networks, modified buffers and heavily shaped rewards to create actuation forces for the exoskeleton.

We find that the control strategy is capable of efficiently suppressing tremors with different frequencies originating from multiple concurrent joint axes, present in a multitude of dynamic movements.
An ecological view on the correlates of sedentary behavior in Brazilian adolescents: a cross- sectional study with network analysis
Authors: Ywgne José , Luz Leonardo , Thuany Mabliny , Lima Cayo , Araújo Raphael , Silva Ellen , Magalhães Kleberton , Bandeira Paulo , Silva Danilo
Published: January 2024

Background: Sedentary behavior has been identified as a public health concern. The present study analyzed the correlates of sedentary behavior in Brazilian adolescents through network analysis, in the light of an ecological approach.
Methods: The sample consisted of 123,596 adolescents, participating in the fourth edition of the Brazilian National School Health Survey. The variables were grouped into domains, namely intrapersonal, interpersonal, perceived environment, school variables, food variables, active behavior domains, and leisure sedentary behavior. The data were analyzed using network analysis.
Results: The results reinforce that sedentary behavior is independent of the assessed active behavior domains, despite being weakly related to physical activity outside physical education classes (-0.074). The variable with the greatest closeness and one of the variables with the greatest expected influence in the model was having internet at home, which was associated with private schools (-0.051), having a cell phone (0.376), having a computer or notebook at home (0.408), and a greater weekly frequency of watching television (0.166). Furthermore, having internet at home was strongly associated with an increase in sedentary behavior (-0.198), which, in turn, was linked to greater consumption of treats (0.067) and sodas (0.052).
Conclusions: We concluded that having internet at home is associated with longer sedentary time, which, in turn, is associated with greater consumption of foods of poorer nutritional quality. Interventions on sedentary behavior should be specific for population subgroups and consider actions in different levels.
Investigation of Obesity Gene Methylation Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection through Molecular Docking
Authors: Andrade Luís Jesuino de Oliveira , de Oliveira Gabriela Correia Matos , de Oliveira Luisa Correia Matos , Bittencourt Alcina Maria Vinhaes , Rios Ana Paula Rodrigues dos Santos , Nascimento Guilherme Peixoto , de Oliveira Luís Matos
Published: January 2024

Introduction
The global COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been associated with a range of health complications, including the development of metabolic conditions such as obesity. Recent studies suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection may trigger epigenetic changes in the human genome, including DNA methylation, which can influence gene expression and contribute to the development of metabolic diseases.
Objective
To use molecular docking simulations to identify potential interactions between viral proteins and methylation sites in the obesity gene.
Methodology
Data collection and processing: Genomic sequence data for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (7QTK - SARS-CoV-2 S Omicron Spike B.1.1.529 - RBD down − 1-P2G3 Fab (Local)) were obtained from the PDB RCSB structure database. Identification of the obesity gene: The PDB RCSB structure database was used to isolate the FTO gene (4ZS2 - Structural complex of FTO/fluorescein) and the MC4R gene (6W25 - Crystal structure of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) in complex with SHU9119). Molecular modeling: Molecular docking simulations were carried out using AutoDock software to model the interaction between the FTO and MC4R obesity genes and proteins encoded by SARS-CoV-2 (Spike protein). DNA methylation analysis: Based on the obtained data, methylation sites in the FTO and MC4R genes were analyzed. The bisulfite sequencing technique was used to identify methylation sites.
Results
Docking simulations revealed potential binding interactions between viral proteins SARS-CoV-2 (Spike protein) and methylation sites in the obesity FTO gene and MC4R gene. Several structural features, including hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and electrostatic interactions, were observed.
Conclusion
Molecular docking simulations identified potential interaction sites between viral proteins and methylation sites within the obesity gene, which could elucidate underlying molecular mechanisms for the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and predisposition to obesity.
An Adaptive Quantization Model Compression Method for Heterogeneous Federated Learning
Authors: li xiaohai , chen yiqiang , zhang yiwei , yang xiaodong
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we introduce a novel adaptive In-Parallel Pruning-Quantization method, speciffcally designed for heterogeneous federated learning environments. Federated learning, as a distributed machine learning approach, allows multiple devices to collaboratively train a shared model while keeping the data localized. However, due to the computational and storage capability disparities among participating devices, the efffciency of standard federated learning methods is limited in heterogeneous settings. Our framework consists of two steps. The ffrst step is to train both the pruning and quantization networks of the same model simultaneously, and improve the accuracy of the pruning network through mutual learning. The second step is to quantify the pruning network and reduce the accuracy loss caused by quantization through multi-teacher knowledge distillation. Based on this framework, we propose a new pruning quantization method that selects the parts that need to be quantiffed based on pruning masks, and gradually quantizes them to reduce the loss of quantization accuracy. Our method employs adaptive In-Parallel Pruning-Quantization techniques to reduce the model size, thereby decreasing the bandwidth needed for transmitting the model among participating devices. By dynamically adjusting the pruning and quantization levels, our approach optimally scales the model size and performance based on each device’s computational and storage capacity. Additionally, we introduce an efffcient quantization strategy that achieves signiffcant compression rates with minimal loss in model accuracy. We tested our method across various heterogeneous federated learning environments. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to traditional federated learning methods, our approach signiffcantly reduces the model size and transmission time while maintaining model performance. Moreover, our method exhibits excellent scalability and ffexibility, making it suitable for different types and scales of federated learning applications. Overall, our adaptive In-Parallel Pruning-Quantization method provides an efffcient, scalable solution for heterogeneous federated learning environments, potentially facilitating the widespread application of federated learning in resource-constrained settings.
Prognostic Insights and Survival Analysis of Gallbladder Cancer in Bihar, India: A Prospective Observational Study Emphasizing the Impact of Surgical Intervention on Overall Survival
Authors: Singh Dharmendra , Singh Pritanjali , Mandal Avik , Rakesh Amrita
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the one- and three-year overall survival rates. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Bihar state, India. Results: The study analyzed 228 patients in Bihar with a median age at diagnosis of 55 ± 12.05 years. The most common symptoms included upper abdominal pain (26.3%), weight loss (14%), and ascites (13.6%). The majority of patients presented at stage IV (72.8%), with liver metastasis being prevalent (61.4%). Interventional biliary drainage was performed in 9.6% of cases, and systemic chemotherapy was received by 84.64%, while 15.36% opted for best supportive care. Univariate Cox regression analysis identified Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, stage, gallstone disease, and surgical intervention as significant risk factors influencing overall survival (OS) (p<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed ECOG performance status (p<0.001), stage (p=0.039), and surgical intervention (p=0.038) as independent factors impacting OS.
One-year OS rates for stages II, III, and IV were 100%, 97%, and 44%, respectively, while three-year OS rates were 29%, 4%, and 0%. Surgical intervention significantly influenced OS (p<0.001). OS for surgical intervention was 28 months, and for inoperable cases, it was 12 months. One and three-year OS for surgical intervention were 95% and 11%, while for inoperable cases, they were 41% and 0%, respectively. Conclusion: Patients with gallbladder cancer, particularly in Bihar's Gangetic plains, face poor survival, especially with advanced disease. Adequate surgery improves outcomes, prompting a call for enhanced strategies, particularly for locally advanced GBC.
The clinical impacts of lung microbiome in bronchiectasis with fixed airflow obstruction
Authors: Chen Yen-Fu , Hou Hsin-Han , Chien Ning , Lu Kai-Zen , Lin Chieh-Hua , Liao Yu-Chieh , Lor Kuo-Lung , Chien Jung-Yien , Chen Chung-Ming , Chen Chung-Yu , Cheng Shih-Lung , Wang Hao-Chien Wang , Hsueh Po-Ren , Yu Chong-Jen
Published: January 2024

Background
Airflow obstruction is a hallmark of disease severity and prognosis in bronchiectasis. The relationship between lung microbiota, airway inflammation, and outcomes in bronchiectasis with fixed airflow obstruction (FAO) remains unclear. This study explores these interactions in bronchiectasis patients, with and without FAO, and compares them with those diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Results
In this prospective, observational study conducted in Taiwan, we enrolled patients diagnosed with either bronchiectasis or COPD. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the lung microbiome and assess inflammatory markers. The study cohort comprised 181 patients: 86 with COPD, 46 with bronchiectasis, and 49 with bronchiectasis accompanied by FAO, as confirmed by spirometry. We found that patients with bronchiectasis, whether with FAO or not, had similar microbiome profiles, characterized by reduced alpha diversity and a predominance of Proteobacteria, distinctly different from the microbiomes of COPD patients which exhibited more Firmicutes, greater diversity, and more commensal taxa. Furthermore, compared to COPD and bronchiectasis without FAO, bronchiectasis with FAO showed more severe disease and a higher risk of exacerbations. A significant correlation was found between the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and increased airway neutrophilic inflammation such as Interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF]-α, as well as with higher bronchiectasis severity, which might contribute to an increased risk of exacerbations. Moreover, in bronchiectasis patients with FAO, the ROSE (Radiology, Obstruction, Symptoms, and Exposure) criteria were employed to classify individuals as either ROSE (+) or ROSE (-), based on smoking history. This classification highlighted notable differences in clinical features, inflammatory profiles, and slight variations in the microbiome between ROSE (-) and ROSE (+) patients, suggesting diverse endotypes within the bronchiectasis with FAO group.
Conclusion
Bronchiectasis patients with FAO exhibit greater disease severity and a lung microbiome more akin to bronchiectasis without FAO than to COPD. The significant correlation between Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization and increased airway neutrophilic inflammation, as well as disease severity, underscores the clinical relevance of microbial patterns, reinforcing their potential role in disease progression and exacerbations in bronchiectasis with FAO.
Statistical study of the feeding factor in samples of Iberian pig microbiome
Authors: Caldito Rafael Vazquez , Roman Javier Gómez , Antonelli Angela Lacombe
Published: January 2024

This study has investigated how the food factor influences samples of the intestinal microbiome of Iberian pigs from birth to 90 days of age. Three types of different diets in piglets were taken into account in it. The alpha diversity of the samples, their beta diversity and the beta dispersion of these were studied. It could conclude that Prevotella hominis is the specie that generates the greatest significant differences in relation to the comparisons of the different levels of feeding and it was evidenced that the microorganism can be a possible option as a probiotic in the feeding of post-weaning piglets. It was also evidenced that age generates phylogenetic distance between samples regardless of the food factor. It was also compared, by statistical inference, whether the composition of the samples in relation to the Phylum was different. The Shallow Whole Metagenomic Sequencing technique was implemented to obtain the abundances of microbiome samples in this study.
Cannabidiol Attenuates Doxorubicin-Related Cardiac Disorders Using Modulation of IL6R Signifying Trail in Adult Male Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Soliman Nabil A. , Dahmy Samih I. El , Shalaby Amr A. , Mohammed Khadija A.
Published: January 2024

Chemotherapeutic medications are commonly used for treating a variety of cancer types; nevertheless, they can also have biological adverse effects, particularly on non-tumor cells, and regularly upset the physiological balance in a number of different organs, specifically the heart. The current inquiry's objective was to determine how well Cannabidiol (CBD) oil mitigated the cardiotoxicity caused by Doxorubicin (DOX). Five equal groups of fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats with 150±25g were molded. Group I received distilled water orally, while Group II received an intraperitoneal dose of DOX (18 mg/kg bwt). CBD was given to Group III, while 1 ml CBD (26 mg/kg bwt) was given to Group IV, and Trimetazidine (10 mg/kg bwt) was given to Group V. Both groups (IV and V) also got a single dose of Doxorubicin (18 mg/kg bwt) on the 11th day. Heart histology, biochemical measurements, immunological tests, and gene expression were examined. In addition to bringing ECG and blood pressure back to normal, the administration of CBD (26 mg/kg bwt) showed a substantial improvement in cardiac enzyme activity (Troponin I and CK-MB), and is related to decreasing cholesterol and triglycerides. Additionally, there was a reduction in oxidative stress, as measured by MDA, and inflammatory markers (IL6 and TNF-a) and improvement in SOD, GSH in cardiac homogenate. There has also been a noticeable drop in the expression of the frequency concentration of IL6R associated with improved heart tissue. CBD may be protective because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant assets.
On the role of vortices in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection
Authors: Ghazijahani Mohammad Sharifi , Cierpka Christian
Published: January 2024

Understanding turbulent thermal convection is essential for modeling many natural phenomena. This study investigates the spatio-temporal dynamics of the vortical structures in the mid-plane of turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection in SF6 via experiments. For this, a Rayleigh-Bénard cell of aspect ratio 10 is placed inside a pressure vessel and pressurized up to 1, 1.5, and 2.5 bar in order to reach Rayleigh numbers of Ra = 9.4×105,2.0×106 and 5.5×106. For all three cases, the Prandtl number is Pr = 0.79 and ΔT ≈ 7K. Then, stereoscopic particle image velocimetry is conducted to measure the three velocity components in the horizontal mid-plane for 5.78×103 free-fall times. For the given aspect ratio the flow is no longer dominated by the side walls of the cell and turbulent superstructures that show a 2D repetitive organization form. These superstructures show diverse shapes with faster dissipation rates as Ra increases. Out-of-plane vortices are the main feature of the flow. As Ra increases, the number of these vortices also increases, and their size shrinks. However, their total number is almost constant for each Ra through the measurement period. Furthermore, their occurrence is random and does not depend on whether the flow is upward-heated, downward-cooled, or horizontally-directed. Vortex tracking was applied to measure life time, displacement, and traveled distance of these structures. The relation between life time and traveled distance is rather linear. Interestingly, in the vortex centers, the out-of-plane momentum transport is larger in comparison to the bulk flow. Therefore, these vortices will play a major role in the heat transport in such flows.
Monkeypox viruses circulate in distantly related small mammal species and only diversified recently
Authors: Mariën Joachim , Laudisoit Anne , Patrono Livia , Baelo Pascal , Vredendaal Rianne van , Musaba Prescott , Gembu Guy , Mande Claude , Ngoy Steve , Mussaw Moise , Houtte Natalie Van , de Perre Frederik Van , Gryseels Sophie , Muyembe-Tamfum Jean , Bottieau Emmanuel , Calvignac-Spencer Sébastien , Leendertz Fabian , Leirs Herwig , Verheyen Erik
Published: January 2024

We determined a near complete and complete monkeypox virus (Mpox) genome in an elephant shrew (Petrodromus tetradactylus), a squirrel (Funisciurus bayonii), and produced shorter sequencesobtained from two rats (Stochomys longicaudatus, Cricetomys sp. 2) originating from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We also ran a series of molecular clock analyses that all agree on a recent, clearly post Dahomey gap opening diversification of Mpox. This suggests that, besides squirrels, a number of rodents and elephant shrews are involved in Mpox ecology, whose current genomic diversity and distribution was likely shaped in the last 1,000 years.
A Simple Scoring Scale for Predicting the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy over 50 years old in China
Authors: Ge Qiwei , Li Min , Gu Yunjuan , Liu Bihong , Sun Dajun , Liang Congkai , Zhu Rongrong , Zhuang Xun
Published: January 2024

Purpose
To construct and evaluate a simple scoring scale for predicting the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Methods
Based on the chronic disease management database of Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, China, 1896 diagnosed patients over the age of 50 with diabetes were randomly selected and subjected to the self-designed epidemiological questionnaire survey and ocular clinical examination. Single-factor and multi-factor logistic regression analysis was used to screen the relevant influencing factors of DR and then according to the reference value principle, the weights were assigned, and a simple scoring scale was constructed. A receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was developed and the accuracy and validity of the simple scale were evaluated.
Results
The DR detection rate was 34.8 %. Multivariate analysis showed that family history of diabetes (odds ratio [OR]: 1.322, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.012-1.727), diabetes treatment method (OR: 2.074, 95 % CI: 1.696-2.537), diabetes duration (OR: 1.113, 95 % CI: 1.089-1.138), and hemoglobin (Hb)A1c (OR: 1.276, 95 % CI: 1.099-1.482) were independent DR risk factors. After excluding confounding factors and based on the β coefficient of the multivariate logistic analysis, the scale had a maximum score of 12 points. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.753, the cut-off value was 4, the sensitivity was 66.5 %, and the coincidence rate was 70.9 %. To improve sensitivity, the cut-off value was lowered to 3; the sensitivity was 79.7 %, and the coincidence rate was 65.0 %.
Conclusion
The simple scale had good sensitivity and the ability to identify DR patients.
EVALUATION OF AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND LEAVES SPOT DISEASES RESISTANCE OF NEW GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGEA L.) VARIETIES IN BURKINA FASO
Authors:   Institut des Sciences de lEnvironnement et du Developpement Rural, Universite de Dedougou. BP 176 Dedougou. Burkina Faso., Zongo Adama , Kone Soumana ,   Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Institut de lEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA).01 BP 910 Bobo-Dioulasso 01. Burkina Faso.,   Universite Joseph Ki Zerbo, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et technologies. Laboratoire Biosciences. Equipe Genetique et Amelioration des Plantes (EGAP), Ouagadougou. 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso., K. Konate Abdourasmane ,   Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Institut de lEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA).01 BP 910 Bobo-Dioulasso 01. Burkina Faso., Pkiendrebeogo Elie ,   Institut des Sciences de lEnvironnement et du Developpement Rural, Universite de Dedougou. BP 176 Dedougou. Burkina Faso.,   Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Institut de lEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA).01 BP 910 Bobo-Dioulasso 01. Burkina Faso., Sawadogo Mahamadou ,   Universite Joseph Ki Zerbo, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et technologies. Laboratoire Biosciences. Equipe Genetique et Amelioration des Plantes (EGAP), Ouagadougou. 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Published: January 2024

Groundnut is one of the most widely grown oilseeds in Burkina Faso. It plays an important role both in population feeding and in the rural economy. However, its production faces a number of constraints that impact on performance of varieties developed. Among these constraints, leaf spot diseases such as early and late leaves spot diseases and rosette disease are the main diseases affecting groundnut production.This study was undertaken with the aim of providing farmers with agronomically efficient groundnut varieties resistant to the main diseases through the evaluation of new groundnut varieties. The plant material consisted of 11 new groundnut varieties and 02 control varieties. The experiment was carried out using a Fisher block design with 03 replications. Data collected concerned the severity of early and late leaves spot and rosette diseases as well as agro-morphological parameters. Variety ICGV176351 and the resistant control NAMA were resistant to early leaf spot disease with scores of 2 and 3 respectively. The control TS32-1 was more susceptible to late leaf spot disease with a severity rating of 6.33, while the control variety NAMA and the new variety ICGV176351 were resistant with severity ratings of 3. Variety ICGV176358 performed better with a pod yield of 1542.77 kg/ha and a haulm yield of 1678.33 kg/ha. On the basis of the ascending hierarchical classification, varieties in group 1 composed of ICGV176350, ICGV176352, ICGV176353 and ICGV176358, were the best with good agronomic performance and good resistance to leaves spot diseases. The varieties tested in this study can be disseminated to increase groundnut production in Burkina Faso.
MUCIN1 EXPRESSION IN RELATION TO HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL TYPE OF COLORECTAL CARCINOMA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Pathology, RIMS, Imphal Post Graduate Resident RIMS Imphal, Pin-795004., Debbarma Bipasha , Okendrajit Singh O. ,   Pathology, RIMS, Imphal Associate Professor RIMS Imphal, Pin-795004., Gyan Singh C. ,   Surgery, RIMS, Imphal Associate Professor RIMS Imphal, Pin-795004., Konsam Cindy ,   Pathology, RIMS, Imphal Post Graduate Resident RIMS Imphal, Pin-795004., Rai Prabriti ,   Pathology, RIMS, Imphal Post Graduate Resident RIMS Imphal, Pin-795004., Debbarma Dingku ,   Pathology, RIMS, Imphal Post Graduate Resident RIMS Imphal, Pin-795004.
Published: January 2024

Background& objective: Various studies have observed that MUC1 expression is increased in colon cancers and implies worst prognosis. The study aimed atto assess the immunohistochemical expression of MUC1 in different stages and differentiation of colorectal carcinoma. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of Pathology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, on 35 resected specimens of colorectal carcinoma during the year 2021 to 2022. Subsequently, immunohistochemical expression of MUC1 was observed and statistically analysed using SPSS 21.0 and expressed in descriptive statistics. Results: The mean age of the presentation was 56.1 Ã‚Â± 15.8 years and male to female ratio was 1.3:1. The commonest site of involvement was the rectum (57.2%). The most common differentiation in the study was moderately differentiated (57.1%) followed by poorly differentiated (22.9%) and well differentiated (20.0%) adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry showed MUC1 expression to be positive in 77.1% of adenocarcinomas. Conclusion:Moderately differentiated adenocarcinomawas more commonly found in the present study. There was over-expression of MUC1 in the CRC cases however, further study can be conducted involving higher sample size and multi-centre.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ISSUES WITH TERMINALLY ILL PATIENTS
Authors:   Principal Cum Professor Amity College of Nursing, Amity University., Gauba Anu
Published: January 2024

Terminally ill patients may be sophisticated and/or demanding health care consumers they also may be bitter, cynical, and difficult to engage in conversation. Terminally ill patients often are on complicated drug regimens requiring detailed instruction and monitoring. Treat terminally ill patients with respect and work with them to achieve optimal therapeutic efficacy within the complexities of their illnesses and the health care environment. Terminally ill patients may need help dealing withcomplex medication regimens. Terminally ill patients need close monitoring and reassurance about their medication regimens. Some terminally ill patients require large and frequent doses of narcotics work with the patient and the patientâ€™s family to legitimize the use of these medications and minimize the hassles associated with obtaining narcotics.
Heterogeneity in the Adoption of COVID-19 Preventive Measures Among Adults in Ethiopia: A Cluster Analysis Approach
Authors: Liliane Luwaga , Richard Sebaggala , Nyawade Susan , Derso Mengesha Sisay , Isaac Okullo
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the extent of heterogeneity in the adoption of preventive measures among adult individuals in Ethiopia. Utilizing a nationally representative cross-sectional survey conducted by the World Health Organization in 2021, encompassing 895 participants, we explore the varying patterns of preventive measure adoption. Hierarchical cluster analysis is employed to discern potential subgroups within the respondents based on their adoption of preventive measures. Subsequently, logistic regression analysis is applied to ascertain the factors associated with the identified group divisions. We identify two distinct groups characterized by their responses to nine preventive measures. Group 1 comprises the majority of respondents (87%) who exhibit lower frequencies of adopting preventive measures. In contrast, Group 2 consists of 13% of respondents who demonstrate a higher frequency of adopting preventive measures. The amalgamation of cluster analysis and logistic regression outcomes yields insightful implications for the profile of preventive measure adoption. Our logistic regression analysis delves into the determinants influencing membership in the identified subgroups. Notably, it uncovers that individuals with a higher educational attainment exhibit a 2.33-fold greater likelihood of belonging to Group 1, signifying their relatively lesser adoption of preventive measures. In conclusion, this study not only sheds light on the heterogeneity within the adoption of preventive measures among Ethiopian adults but also underscores the influence of education on the propensity to adopt such measures. The findings contribute to better understanding of the dynamics surrounding public health behavior in the context of a pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19, Cluster analysis, Ethiopia, Heterogeneity, Logistic regression, Preventive measures.
HIV/AIDS Education among Young Adolescent for Better Quality of Life: Health Belief Model
Authors: Kamarul Bahrin Farhana , Jannah Mohd Juaini Nurul , Yahaya Mahathir
Published: January 2024

HIV remains a significant global public health challenge, having caused the loss of 40.1 million lives to date, with ongoing transmission in all countries worldwide (World Health Organization, 2023). By the end of 2021, there were approximately 38.4 million people living with HIV/AIDS (World Health Organization, 2023). HIV/AIDS education targeted at young individuals plays a crucial role in ending the AIDS epidemic on a global scale. In Malaysia, by the end of 2021, an estimated 81,942 people were living with HIV (PLHIV) (Ministry of Health, 2022). 600 Penang students between the ages of 15 and 17 participated in the study, which had three sessions total—a pre-test, an intervention, and a post-test. The findings were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 software. The results revealed a positive change in the respondents' knowledge following the implementation of the intervention process. This study demonstrates that early health education can effectively reduce the risk behaviors associated with HIV/AIDS among young adolescents. The aim is to ensure that they lead a better quality of life and maintain their overall well-being. Keywords: Health Belief Model, HIV/AIDS Education, Public Health Education, Quality of life, Social Work in School.
The Awareness of Depression Among School Teachers at Smka Al-Mashoor Perempuan, Penang Island
Authors: Kamarul Bahrin Farhana , A/L Klai Manak , Mohamad Yusof Masarah
Published: January 2024

This study aims to explore the awareness of teachers at SMKA Al-Mashoor Perempuan, Penang Island, regarding the issue of depression. Additionally, it investigates the coping strategies practiced by teachers to address depression. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 3.8% of the population is estimated to grapple with depression, encompassing 5% of adults (with a breakdown of 4% among men and 6% among women). Moreover, 5.7% of adults aged over 60 years are affected by depression. Depression is also said to have an impact on other health problems, whether chronic diseases or the increasing suicide rate in a country. Out of 22,000 depression patients treated at the psychiatric clinic in Universiti Malaya Medical Centre, 10% of them are reported to be teachers.Previous studies have indicated a lack of public knowledge about depression. Therefore, this study focuses on the knowledge of teachers regarding depression. To address the research objectives, an in-depth interview method was employed. The findings of this study were analyzed thematically. The results show that teachers are aware of the issue of depression. The coping strategies applied by teachers to address depression include social support and religious aspects. The study also suggests intervention methods to address depression, such as seeking treatment from experts and the importance of counseling sessions. The findings highlight the need for social workers in schools to address the increasing prevalence of depression among teachers, in addition to raising awareness about depression among educators. Keywords: Coping Strategies, Depression, Mental Health, School Teacher, Social Work in School.
Exploring the Mental Health of Minors in Poor Areas: A Case Study of Anhui Province, China
Authors: Kamarul Bahrin Farhana , Liyin Wu , Mohamad Yusof Masarah , Yahaya Mahathir
Published: January 2024

As the global economy progresses and people's living standards improve, there is a growing need to redefine the notion of "health," expanding its scope beyond physical well-being to include psychological health. Given that minors bear the responsibility of fostering social progress as the hope for the future society, their mental health becomes exceptionally crucial. This research aims to investigate the mental health status of minors in poor areas of Anhui Province, assessing the existence of issues and probing into their underlying causes. The study is structured into two main segments. Initially, it delves into the essence of mental health education for minors, the current state of mental health education globally and domestically and underscores the significance of the research. Subsequently, by scrutinizing the mental health scenario of minors through case studies, the analysis reveals that psychological challenges among minors predominantly manifest in areas such as personality, learning, and interpersonal communication. Applying the social system theory, the researcher identifies several factors contributing to these psychological issues, including governmental neglect, economic underdevelopment, outdated educational ideologies, insufficient family guidance, and inadequate infrastructure. Approached from the standpoint of social workers, addressing these concerns is seen as instrumental in fostering the wholesome development of minors. Keywords: Mental Health, Minors, Community Health, Social Work, Well-being.
Safety Including Health Factors Contribute the Female Victims to Escape from Domestic Violence: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Yahaya Mahathir , Mohamad Yusof Masarah , Kamarul Bahrin Farhana
Published: January 2024

Domestic violence is one of the public health problems, and most of the victims are female. This vulnerable group can no longer bear the suffering caused by the atrocities committed by their husbands. The various abuses that the victim experiences not only impact their health but can also threaten the level of safety of everyone in the family system. This research aims to identify the safety factors including health aspect that contribute to the female victim’s violent actions being separate from their husbands. In line with the qualitative approach, in-depth interviews with 15 female informants of domestic violence were conducted around the state of Penang and this analysis using NVIVO 8 software. The results found that the theme of victim safety factors, including injury and social systems, especially children, motivates victims to free themselves from domestic violence and seek help for personal protection. The findings of this study have yielded several recommendations in the context of social work interventions to increase the positive health and social well-being of family system life, especially among female victims of domestic violence. Keywords: Female victim of domestic violence, Public Health Issues, Safety, Social work intervention.
Examining Contraceptive Ideational Disparities Among Adolescents and Young Women in Nigeria
Authors: Ishola Oluwayemisi , Ajijola Lekan , Luximon-Ramma Amitabye
Published: January 2024

Nigeria faces a demographic challenge with a growing youth population and increasing fertility rate. However, the use of modern contraceptives among adolescent girls and young women has been declining. The young population emerges as a pivotal group in the country’s efforts to achieving the pledge of 27% modern contraceptive rate by the year 2030. This study aims to explore the disparities in contraceptive ideation among adolescents and young women in Nigeria, focusing on the role of ideational factors. The data for this study were collected through a cross-sectional household survey in four Nigerian states, involving 2,857 sexually active women aged 15-24 years. Using an ideational framework of behavior that highlights psychosocial influences, nine distinct ideational variables were examined. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between ideational factors and contraceptive use among the total sample, adolescents, and youth. Statistical significance was defined as P<0.05. The study’s results revealed significant associations between the ideational variables and contraceptive use in all groups, ranging from p < .05 to p < .001. Cognitive and emotional domains were found to be the strongest predictors of contraceptive use compared to social domains in the general sample and among both groups. This study’s findings highlight the complex interplay of social, cognitive, and emotional factors in contraceptive use. Understanding these dynamics is crucial in developing effective strategies to overcome barriers and improve access to contraceptive services among young women in Nigeria. Keywords: Adolescents, Contraception, Ideation, Youth.
Effect of Diosmin on The Expression of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Signaling Molecules in Ndea-Induced Hepato-Cellular Carcinoma in Experimental Rats
Authors: Priya Veeraraghavan Vishnu , Sai Sreekar Reddy M B , Jayaraman Selvaraj , Gayathri R. , .S Kavitha
Published: January 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer, distinct from other cancers originating in other organs. Previous study demonstrated that diosmin exhibits anticancer effects by influencing the expression of apoptotic signaling molecules in NDEA-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. However, its impact on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling pathway, crucial in liver cancer progression, remains unknown. The research aimed to investigate diosmin’s effects on EMT signaling molecule expression in NDEA-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. In this experiment, adult male albino rats were categorized into three groups: a control group, NDEA-induced hepatocellular carcinogenic rats and rats with HCC treated with diosmin orally for 28 days. Liver function markers (AST and ALT) were done by biochemical analysis while mNRA expression analysis of EMT-signaling molecules ( E-cadherin and vimentin) were analyzed by Real Time-RT-PCR analysis. One-Way-ANOVA was used for the statistical analysis and significance was considered at p<0.05. Diosmin treatment resulted in a significant decrease in liver function markers compared to the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, diosmin administration led to a notable reduction in mRNA levels of EMT signaling molecules, specifically E-cadherin and vimentin, indicating its potential chemopreventive role against liver cancer. Findings of the present study concludes that diosmin, an alkaloid, may merge as a promising candidate for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment based on its demonstrated efficacy in this experimental model. Keywords: Novel method, Hepatocellular carcinoma, EMT signaling, diosmin, wistar rats, liver function, innovative technique.
Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles Loaded Alginate-Gelatin Scaffolds for Potential Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Priya Veeraraghavan Vishnu , Bharathidasan Priyam , Gayathri R. , .S Kavitha
Published: January 2024

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were reported for its anticancer and antimicrobial properties. Alginate and gelatin scaffolds can act as an important biomaterial, more specifically in bone tissue engineering. Green synthesis of SeNPs from Luffa cylindrica (LC) and loading of SeNPS with alginate-gelatin scaffold and to check its biocompatibility. The SeNPs were prepared via the green synthesis method and loaded into an alginate-gelatin scaffold. Characterization studies such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, and SEM were carried out in LC-SeNPs and Se-NPs loaded scaffold. The hydrophilicity of the scaffolds was determined using water contact angle measurements. Annexin V PI assay was conducted to determine the biocompatible nature of prepared SeNPs-loaded alginate-gelatin scaffolds. The UV-VIS spectrum gave an intense peak at 266 and 384 nm, whereas the FTIR gave a strong peak at 3500-500 cm-1 fingerprint regions. SEM images showed flower-shaped LC-SeNPs and their distribution of SeNPs on the surface of alginate-gelatin scaffolds. water contact angle measurement was found to be 29.21°. Cell viability results showed 78.11% viable cells following treatment with alg-gel-Se scaffold, revealing its biocompatibility towards peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Overall, it could be concluded that the SeNP-loaded alg-gel scaffold is a promising candidate for tissue engineering, but further studies are required to confirm its potential role. Keywords- Selenium nanoparticles, Alginate-gelatin scaffolds, tissue engineering, biocompatibility.