bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of peculiarities of essential oil accumulation by common yarrow herb of synanthropic flora of the Rostov Region
Authors: Selivanova Yuliya A. , Dyakova Nina A. , Korenskaya Irina M. , Slivkin Aleksei I.
Published: March 2024

Aim – to study the peculiarities of essential oil accumulation in common yarrow herb harvested in urban areas of the Rostov region.
Material and methods. The raw materials were collected along a country road with non-vibrant traffic, the North Caucasus railroad and along the M-21 highway with heavy vehicular traffic belonging to IA category. A step of 100 meters (from 1 to 300 meters) was chosen away from the studied highways. In addition, the raw materials were harvested in the area devoid of anthropogenic impact (control) and near the agricultural enterprise JSC "Aston".
Results. For samples of control areas and agrobiocenoses, we noted a higher content of essential oil than in samples of urban biocenoses. The maximum value of the essential oil content was registered for the sample harvested in the control area, devoid of anthropogenic impact, the minimum content – for the sample collected along the highway M-21. There was a general tendency for increasing the essential oil content with declining anthropogenic impact.
Conclusion. According to the studies we can conclude about the negative effect of anthropogenic impact, as well as the peculiarities of the growing area on the accumulation of essential oil in the grass of common yarrow.
Ketepatan Pukulan Pada Gate Pertama Dalam Permainan Gateball
Authors: Sahabuddin Sahabuddin , Hakim Hikmad , Ishak Muhammad , Syahruddin Syahruddin , Sofyan Davi
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pukulan start dari kanan dan kiri terhadap ketepatan pukulan pada gate pertama dalam permainan gateball pemain kota makassar. Peneltian ini merupakan penelitian komparatif, metode yang digunakan menggunakan tes. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes ketepatan pukulan start dari kanan dan kiri. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemain yang berjumlah 20 pemain. Analisis data ini menggunaka uji T satu sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kemampuan pukulan start dari kanan dan kiri terhadap ketepatan pukulan pada gate pertama dalam permainan gateball pemain kota makassar. Perbedaan ini ditunjukkan dari nilai t hitung sebesar 5,024 > t tabel 2,101 atau nilai sig = 0,000 < taraf kesalahan 0.05 (95%). Nilai rata-rata skor yang dihasilkan pukulan start dari kiri sebesar 4,00 dan nilai rata-rata skor yang dihasilkan pukulan start dari kanan sebesar 2,20 dengan demikian Ha yang berbunyi ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pukulan start dari kanan dan kiri gate pertama dalam permainan gateball pemain kota makassar diterima.
NEW APPROACH FOR BREAST CANCER DETECTION- BASED MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUE
Authors: AL-NAWASHI Malek M. , AL-HAZAIMEH Obaida M. , KHAZAALEH Mutaz Kh.
Published: March 2024

The leading cause of cancer-related mortality is breast cancer. Breast cancer detection at an early stage is crucial.  Data on breast cancer can be diagnosed using a number of different Machine learning approaches. Automated breast cancer diagnosis using a Machine Learning model is introduced in this research.  Features were selected using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) as a classifier model, and noise was removed using Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE).  On top of that, the research compares five algorithms: Random Forest, SVM, KNN, Naïve Bayes classifier, and Logistic Regression. An extensive dataset of 3002 combined images was used to test the system. The dataset included information from 1400 individuals who underwent digital mammography between 2007 and 2015. Accuracy and precision are the metrics by which the system's performance is evaluated.   Due to its low computing power requirements and excellent accuracy, our suggested model is shown to be quite efficient in the simulation results.
IMPACT OF APPLYING UNIVERSAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES ON THE USABILITY OF ONLINE ACCOMMODATION BOOKING WEBSITES
Authors: Skublewska-Paszkowska Maria
Published: March 2024

One of the concepts of human-computer interaction is the usability of websites, consisting of features such as efficiency, satisfaction, memorability, and learnability. Usability is particularly important in the case of websites that the user is expected to learn on their own. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the usability of user interfaces of websites and, based on this, to find how this evaluation is affected by the application of universal design principles. The objects of the study are two websites, one complying with the principles of universal design - created for the purpose of the study, and the other – an existing commercial website operating in the market, which does not follow these principles. Three hypotheses are defined: 1) effectiveness and efficiency of analyzed websites are higher for a service that followed the principles of universal design than a website that did not comply with these rules; 2) the quality of the user interface is greater for the service fulfilling the principles of universal design; 3) the satisfaction with the interaction with the interface is greater in case of websites conformed to the principles of universal design. The study uses two methods: eye tracking and questionnaires. The experiment involves 10 participants who had to perform a scenario consisting of 10 instructions that involved locating various elements in each of the tested GUI interfaces. The eye activity is recorded using a Gazepoint GP3 HD desktop eye tracker, which makes it possible to determine the effectiveness and efficiency values of using the analyzed interfaces. Each participant was also asked to fill out two questionnaires: the Lublin University of Technology one and the Questionnaire for User Interaction Satisfaction. The study proves the truth of the hypotheses, that is, the positive impact of universal design on the usability evaluation of user interfaces.
EMOTION RECOGNITION FROM HEART RATE VARIABILITY WITH A HYBRID SYSTEM COMBINED HIDDEN MARKOV MODEL AND POINCARE PLOT
Authors: ZAMANI KHANGHAH Sahar , MAGHOOLI Keivan
Published: March 2024

The best emotion recognition system based on physiological signals with a simple operatory should have higher accuracy and fast response speed. This paper aims to develop an emotion recognition system using a novel hybrid system based on Hidden Markov Model and Poincare plot. For this purpose, an electrocardiogram from the MAHNOB-HCI database was used. A novel feature extraction from a hybrid system combining Hidden Markov Model and Poincare plot was presented. The authors extracted time and frequency domain features from heart rate variability, and used two central hybrid systems, the Support Vector Machine/ Hidden Markov Model and the Hidden Markov Model/ Poincare Plot. Finally, the support vector machine was used as a classifier to classify emotions into positive and negative. The proposed method showed a classification accuracy of 95.02 ± 1.97 % overall. Also, the computing time of the method is around 163 milliseconds. The key of this paper is in the use of hybrid machines to improve accuracy without high computation time. This method can be used as a real-time system due to the low computation time and can be developed in many fields, such as medical examination and security systems.
APPLICATION OF THERMAL IMAGING CAMERAS FOR SMARTPHONE: SEEK THERMAL COMPACT PRO AND FLIR ONE PRO FOR HUMAN STRESS DETECTION – COMPARISON AND STUDY
Authors: BARAN Katarzyna
Published: March 2024

Thermography as an innovative diagnostic technique with non-contact temperature measurement is used in many industries – science, industry, medicine, and security. When using thermography in the field of health, images and images sequences obtained from thermal imaging cameras allow to record the temperature distribution in order to further recognize whether the state of the body is consistent with the defined parameters or whether there are deviations. However, it is worth paying attention to the measurement accuracy of thermal imaging cameras, their specification, and image quality of thermograms. In the case of recording stress states, measurement discrepancies between thermal imaging cameras for smartphone may affect the final results. Therefore, this article focuses on the comparison of the possibility of recording and detecting stress using two smartphone thermal imaging cameras: SEEK THERMAL Compact Pro and FLIR ONE Pro. The specifications of both cameras were compared. At the same time, the possibility of recording stress using smartphone thermal imaging cameras was confirmed on the basis of an exemplary study. The results of the comparison and analysis show that smartphone thermography can be a quick registration and diagnostic method in behavioral-biomedical issues.
FILTERING STRATEGIES FOR SMARTPHONE EMITTED DIGITAL SIGNALS
Authors: OBRETIN Alexandru Marius , CORNEA Andreea Alina
Published: March 2024

In today's digitalized and technology-driven society, where the number of IoT devices and the volume of collected data is exponentially increasing, the use of sensor data has become a necessity in certain fields of activity. This paper presents a concise history of sensor evolution and specialization, with a focus on the sensors used for localization, particularly those present in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that make up inertial measurement units. The study starts with a general overview and progresses towards a more specific analysis of data sets collected from an accelerometer. In the materials and methods section, it emphasizes the imperfect nature of sensor measurements and the need to filter digital signals. Three different digital signal filtering techniques belonging to distinct filter categories are comparatively analyzed, with each technique having its own particularities, advantages and disadvantages. The analysis considers the effectiveness in reducing measurement errors, the impact of the filtering process on the original signal, the ability to highlight the underlying phenomenon, as well as the performance of the analyzed algorithms. The ultimate purpose of this article is to determine which filtration method is best suited for the signal at hand in the context of an indoor localization application.
COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF LMS-DERIVED ALGORITHMS APPLIED ON ECG SIGNALS CONTAMINATED WITH MOTION ARTIFACT DURING PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: Galdos Jarelh , Lopez Colque Nikolai , Medina Rodirguez Angie , Huarca Quispe Jorge , Rendulich Jorge , Sulla Espinoza Erasmo
Published: March 2024

The acquisition of ECG signals offers physicians and specialists a very important tool in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, very often these signals are affected by noise from various sources, including noise generated by movement during physical activity. This type of noise is known as Motion Artifact (MA) which changes the waveform of the signal, leading to erroneous readings. The elimination of this noise is performed by different filtering techniques, where the adaptive filtering using the LMS (least mean squares) algorithm stands out. The objective of this article is to determine which algorithms best deal with motion artifacts, taking into account the use of instruments or wearable equipment, in different conditions of physical activity. A comparison between different algorithms derived from LMS (NLMS, PNLMS and IPNLM) used in adaptive filtering is carried out using indicators such as: Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) as metrics to evaluate them. For this purpose, the mHealth database was used, which contains ECG signals taken during moderate to medium intensity physical activities. The results show that filtering by IPNLMS as well as PNLMS offers an improvement both visually and in terms of SNR, Pearson, and MSE indicators.
ANALYZING THE ROLE OF COMPUTER SCIENCE IN SHAPING MODERN ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES. BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Sánchez-García Eduardo , Martínez-Falcó Javier , Marco-Lajara Bartolomé , Słoniec Jolanta
Published: March 2024

The application of computer science in management and economics is a rapidly growing field that combines the analytical and technological capabilities of computer science with the strategic and operational needs of management and economics. The main aim of this research paper is to analyze the main academic contributors, sources, and international collaborations from 2014 to 2022 in computer science in the areas of management and economics, as well as to analyze the main subtopics developed over time. Bibliometric techniques were used to carry out the literature review, which allows an objective analysis of the academic literature through quantitative indicators. The results reveal a significant shift towards data-driven decision making in management, with artificial intelligence and machine learning improving predictive analytics, operational efficiency, and economic forecasting and modeling, highlighting the essential role of digital transformation in these disciplines, with significant implications for researchers, practitioners and decision-makers. It concludes that all stakeholders should work to develop a more informed and innovative approach to maximize the exploitation of the potential offered by computational sciences in different contexts. This includes the integration of advanced computational tools to improve decision making and operational efficiency, or the exploitation of computational models for more effective forecasting and policy decision making, as well as the continuous analysis of emerging areas in this field, being aware of the ethical, privacy and security challenges presented by these technologies, in order to ensure a responsible and equitable application.
AKTIVITAS ANTI-UV SEDIAAN SABUN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK ASCIDIA Lissoclinum sp.
Authors: Palit Christian , Aulina Azzahra , Roring Rosemarie T. , Rori Jenever , Sumilat Deiske A.
Published: March 2024

Ascidian have many types and are known to function as filter feeder organisms that play a role in controlling phytoplankton in the waters, and are known for their potential secondary metabolites. One of the secondary metabolites produced by ascidia is anti-UV. This study aims to analyze the anti-UV activity of soap preparations with the addition of ascidia Lissoclinum sp. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis Chemistry. FMIPA UNSRAT. Anti-UV activity testing of the final soap was carried out by doing 3 repetitions for each formula. The results obtained after being tested on a UV-VIS spectrophotometer showed that there was a decrease in the anti-UV activity of each formula. From the anti-UV analysis that has been carried out, the SPF (Sun Protection Factor) value is obtained with an average SPF value for each formula, namely : soap formula 1: 10.45, soap formula 2: 20.21, soap formula 3: 9.35.

Keywords : Ascidia, Soap, Anti-UV, SPF, Formula

ABSTRAK

 Ascidia memiliki banyak jenis dan dikenal memiliki fungsi yaitu sebagai organisme filter feeder yang berperan dalam pengendalian fitoplankton di perairan, serta dikenal karena keberadaan metabolit sekunder yang sangat potensial. Salah satu senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan ascidia yaitu anti-UV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa aktivitas anti-UV dari sediaan sabun dengan penambahan ekstra ascidia Lissoclinum sp. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia Analisis Farmasi, FMIPA UNSRAT. Pengujian aktifitas anti-UV dari hasil akhir sabun telah dilakukan dengan melakukan 3 kali ulangan pada masing-masing formula. Hasil yang didapat setelah diujikan pada spektrofotometer UV-VIS menunjukan bahwa adanya penurunan aktifitas anti-UV dari masing-masing formula. Dari analisis anti-UV yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan nilai SPF (Sun Protection Factor) dengan rata-rata nilai SPF pada masing-masing formula yaitu : sabun formula 1 : 10.45, sabun formula 2 : 20.21, sabun formula 3 : 9.35.

Kata Kunci : Ascidia, Sabun, Anti-UV, SPF, Formula
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS LAMUN DI PANTAI DESA BUDO KECAMATAN WORI KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Lengkong Hery A. , Wagey Billy Th. , Sondak Calvyn F.A. , Darwisito Suria , Kaligis Erly Y. , Pratasik Silveste.r B.
Published: March 2024

This research was conducted on the coast of Budo Village, Wori District, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi from March to December 2021. This study was conducted to determine the condition of seagrass beds on the coast of Budo village. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of seagrass and the structure of the seagrass community on the coast of Budo village. The observations found four species of seagrass namely, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Thalassia hemprichii, and Syringodium isoetifolium. The status of seagrass beds on the coast of Budo Village is classified as less rich/unhealthy with a closing value of 38.19%. It is  known that the highest importance value index of seagrass is in the seagrass species Thalassia hemprichii and the lowest is Syringodium isoetifolium. Thus, the seagrass species Thalassia hemprichii on the coast of Budo village is a type of seagrass that acts as a stabilizer for the seagrass ecosystem in these waters.

Keywords: Seagrass, LineTransect, Community Structure, Budo Viilage

 

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di pantai Desa Budo Kecamatan Wori Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Sulawesi Utara pada bulan Maret sampai Desember 2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kondisi padang lamun yang ada di pantai desa Budo. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis lamun dan struktur komunitas lamun di pantai desa Budo. Hasil pengamatan ditemukan empat spesies lamun yaitu, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Thalassia hemprichii, dan Syringodium isoetifolium. Status padang lamun di pantai Desa Budo tergolong pada kondisi kurang kaya/kurang sehat dengan nilai penutupan 38,19%. Diketahui bahwa indeks  nilai penting lamun tertinggi pada jenis  lamun  Thalassia hemprichii dan terendah Syringodium isoetifolium. Dengan demikian jenis lamun Thalassia hemprichii di pantai desa Budo merupakan jenis lamun yang berperan sebagai penstabil ekosistem padang lamun di perairan tersebut.

 

Kata kunci: Lamun, Transek garis, Struktur komunitas, Desa Budo
VALUASI EKONOMI EKOSISTEM TERDAMPAK TUMPAHAN MINYAK DI KOTA BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Abbas Rahmat , Saputra Syifa
Published: March 2024

Oil spills into marine waters, directly and indirectly, cause pollution that impacts biodiversity and the social economy of the community. This study evaluated and determined the economic valuation of ecosystems affected by oil spills in Balikpapan City. The research method uses revealed preferences from previous similar cases and is based on survey results. The survey results showed that the affected ecosystems were spread over 12 urban villages in Balikpapan City, with ecosystem types including mangrove ecosystems, seagrass beds, coasts, and marine waters. In addition, it also results in socio- economic losses for the community, especially for fishers in the city of Balikpapan. The PT PERTAMINA RU V oil spill in Balikpapan Bay impacts biota deaths due to poisoning of marine biota ecosystems, causing economic losses to the community. Marine biota such as fish, shrimp, and shellfish are reduced, damaging marine biota ecosystems such as spawning and damage to habitat and function. The impact of the affected ecosystem also resulted in considerable losses in efforts to recover from the damage caused by the oil spill.

Keywords: Balikpapan_city, economic_valuation, marine_ecosystem, oil_spill

ABSTRAK

Tumpahan minyak ke perairan laut secara langsung dan tidak langsung menyebabkan pencemaran yang berdampak pada keragaman hayati dan ekonomi sosial masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dan menentukan valuasi ekonomi ekosistem terdampak tumpahan minyak Teluk Balikpapan di Kota Balikpapan. Metode penelitian menggunakan revealed preference dari kasus sebelumnya yang serupa dan berdasarkan hasil survey. Hasil survey didapatkan jenis ekosistem yang terdampak yaitu tersebar di 12 kelurahan di Kota Balikpapan, dengan jenis ekosistem diantaranya ekosistem mangrove, padang lamun, pesisir, dan perairan laut. Selain itu juga mengakibatkan kerugian sosial ekonomi masyarakat, khususnya bagi nelayan di Kota Balikpapan. Tumpahan minyak PT PERTAMINA RU V di Teluk Balikpapan berdampak terhadap kematian akibat keracunan ekosistem biota laut, sehingga menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi masyarakat. Biota laut seperti ikan, udang, kerang berkurang, kerusakan ekosistem biota laut seperti pemijahan dan kerusakan habitat dan fungsi. Dampak ekosisstem terdampak juga mengakibatkan kerugian yang besar dalam upaya pemulihan akibat kerusakan oleh tumpahan minyak.

Kata kunci: Ekosistem_Laut, Kota_Balikpapan, Tumpahan_minyak, valuasi_ekonomi
KOMPOSISI JENIS DAN KEPADATAN ASCIDIA Rhopalaea sp. DI PESISIR PANTAI KINAMANG, MALALAYANG DUA, TELUK MANADO
Authors: Musak Putra , Palit Christian , Ratih Mutiara , Sumilat Deiske A.
Published: March 2024

Ascidian is one of the marine biotas with considerable potential in Indonesian waters but has not received serious attention. Therefore, a little research on this species is good to do with the aim of knowing the species composition and density of Rhopalaea sp. in Manado Bay waters with different depths. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Ascidian index to determine the species composition and density of Ascidian Rhopalaea sp. at different depths in Manado Bay waters, in this case the Kinamang coastal waters, Malalayang Dua. This research was carried out for 5 (five) months starting from April to August 2022. The tools and materials used in this study were: Global Positioning System (GPS), SCUBA set, roll meter, waterproof paper, writing utensils, camera, identification books, Horiba, laptop, Microsoft excel software and Ascidian. Data analysis was conducted to determine the composition and density of Ascidia Rhopalaea sp. The results obtained are Ascidia Rhopalaea sp. found there are 2 types, namely Rhopalaea and Rhopalaea crassa. After analyzing the data, Ascidian species R. crassa had higher composition and density values than Rhopalaea species.

Keywords: Ascidian, Species Composition, Density, Manado Bay

 

ABSTRAK

Ascidia merupakan salah satu biota laut dengan potensi yang cukup besar di Perairan Indonesia akan tetapi belum mendapatkan perhatian yang serius. Oleh karena masih sedikit penelitian mengenai jenis ini sehingga penelitian ini baik untuk dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis dan kepadatan jenis Rhopalaea di Perairan Teluk Manado dengan kedalaman berbeda. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis indeks ascidia untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis dan kepadatan Ascidia Rhopalaea sp. pada kedalaman yang berbeda di Perairan Teluk Manado dalam hal ini perairan pesisir Kinamang, Malalayang Dua. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 5 (lima) bulan dimulai pada bulan April sampai dengan Agustus tahun 2022. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu : Global positioning system (GPS), Set SCUBA, roll meter, kertas anti air, alat tulis menulis, kamera, buku identifikasi, Horiba, laptop, software microsoft excel dan ascidia. Analisis data dilakukan untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis dan kepadatan Ascidia Rhopalaea sp. Hasil yang didapat yaitu Ascidia Rhopalaea sp. yang ditemukan berjumlah 2 jenis yaitu Rhopalaea dan Rhopalaea crassa. Setelah dilakukan Analisa data, Ascidia jenis R. crassa memiliki nilai komposisi jenis dan kepadatan yang lebih tinggi dari jenis Rhopalaea.

Kata Kunci: Ascidia, Komposisi Jenis, kepadatan, Teluk Manado
KONDISI PADANG LAMUN DI PERAIRAN DESA PONTO KECAMATAN WORI KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA
Authors: Lahope Ellsya P. , Kumampung Deislie R.H. , Sondak , Calvyn F.A. , Kusen Janny D. , Warouw Veibe , Kondoy Christin I.F.
Published: March 2024

Seagrass bed is one of coastal ecosystem that can be found in tropic and subtropic waters. Ponto village waters has an extent seagrass bed however seagrass bed condition and seagrass species has not been describing yet. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of seagrass, the coverage of each seagrass type with in the research location as well the condition of the seagrass bed in the waters of Ponto Village. This research was conducted from April to May 2022, with in Ponto waters. The method used is the quadrant line transect method which calculated percentage of cover in one station and the calculation of the percentage of seagrass cover per species at one location. The average value obtained is the final result in determining the status and condition of the seagrass beds and the types of seagrass found. There were 5 species of seagrass found in the waters of Ponto Village consisting of (2 families and 5 genera) namely Cymodocea rotundata, Halophila ovalis, Syringodium isoetifolium, Thalassia hemprichii and Enhalus acoroides. The most dominating species were Thalassia hemprichii with an average value of seagrass cover of 16.71% and Enhalus acorides with an average value of seagrass cover of 12.99%. Seagrass cover in this area found moderate (29) for the condition of the seagrass beds at the research location, was with seagrass cover of 36.82%.

Key Word : Seagrass Bed, Identification, Health, Cover

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Padang lamun merupakan salah satu ekosistem laut yang dapat ditemukan di perairan tropis dan subtropis. Perairan Desa Ponto, Kecamatan Wori, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara area padang lamun yang cukup luas. Kondisi padang lamun dan jenis lamun di wilayah ini belum diketahui. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui jenis lamun, penutupan jenis lamun di lokasi penenlitian dan kondisi padang lamun di perairan Desa Ponto. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bulan April-Mei 2022, di perairan Desa Ponto. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode line transek kuadran yang mencakup perhitungan persentase tutupan dalam satu stasiun dan perhitungan persentase penutupan lamun per jenis pada satu lokasi. Nilai rata-rata yang didapatkan merupakan hasil akhir dalam penentuan status dan kondisi padang lamun serta jenis-jenis lamun yang ditemukan. Jenis lamun yang ditemukan ada 5 spesies yang terdiri dari (2 family dan 5 genus) yaitu Cymodocea rotundata, Halophila ovalis, Syringodium isoetifolium, Thalassia hemprichii dan Enhalus acoroides. Spesies yang paling mendominasi adalah Thalassia hemprichii dengan nilai rata-rata penutupan lamun 16,71% dan Enhalus acorides dengan nilai rata-rata penutupan lamun 12,99%. Tutupan lamun di daerah ini tergolong sedang untuk kondisi padang lamun di lokasi penelitian dengan tutupan lamun sebesar 36,82%.

Kata Kunci : Padang Lamun, Kondisi, Identifikasi, Tutupan
KOMPOSISI DAN KEPADATAN SAMPAH DASAR LAUT BERUKURAN MESO DAN MAKRO DI PERAIRAN PANTAI MANADO
Authors: Supit Septian Z. , Pelle Wilmy E. , Paulus James J. H. , Manembu Indri S. , Ginting Elvy L. , Sangari Joudy
Published: March 2024

Manado shore is one of the water areas in North Sulawesi that has potential in coastal tourism. This is proved through the presence of tourists who want to enjoy the underwater beauty by diving either by snorkeling or by scuba. This study aimed to determine the density and composition of seabed waste in the waters of Manado shore. Sampling was carried out at 2 stations, the first station was in the estuary area of the Malalayang River and the second station was in the waters of the Megamas Manado area. The sampling method was carried out using the belt transect method by conducting SCUBA dives with a sampling area of 100 meters long and 2 meters wide. The identification results obtained 7 types of macro-sized marine debris which were classified into 17 types, while meso- sized garbage found 6 types of marine debris which were classified into 11 types. The composition for macro-sized waste is dominated by the type of plastic material (PL code; composition of 31%; weight of 7,990.025 g) while up to meso is dominated by the type of glass & ceramic material, (GC; 39%; 120.5 g). Macro and meso size marine debris density at the Manado Beach location, for macro size is dominated by the type of plastic material (PL code; 1.9 items/m2), while the meso size is dominated by the type of plastic material (PL; 1.42 items/m2). m2).

Keywords: Meso Trash Composition, Density, Seabed

 

ABSTRAK

 Pantai Manado merupakan salah satu wilayah perairan yang ada di Sulawesi Utara yang memiliki potensi dalam kepariwisataan pantai. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hadirnya para wisatawan yang ingin menikmati keindahan bawah laut dengan menyelam baik dengan snorkeling maupun dengan SCUBA. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jumlah kepadatan dan komposisi sampah dasar laut di perairan Pantai Manado. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 2 stasiun, stasiun yang pertama berada pada daerah estuari muara Sungai Malalayang dan stasiun kedua berada pada daerah perairan kawasan Megamas Manado. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode belt transek dengan cara melakukan penyelaman SCUBA dengan luasan pengambilan sampel panjang 100 meter dan lebar 2 meter. Hasil identifikasi didapatkan 7 jenis sampah laut berukuran makro yang diklasifikasi kedalam 17 jenis, sedangkan sampah berukuran meso ditemukan 6 jenis sampah laut yang diklasifikasi kedalam 11 jenis. Komposisi untuk sampah ukuran makro didominasi jenis bahan plastik (kode PL; komposisi sebesar 31 %; berat sebesar 7.990,025 g) sedangkan sampai meso didominasi jenis bahan kaca & keramik, (GC; 39 %; 120,5 g). Kepadatan sampah laut ukuran makro dan meso di lokasi Pantai Manado, untuk ukuran makro didominasi oleh jenis bahan plastik (kode PL; sebanyak 1,9 item/m2), sedangkan ukuran meso didominasi oleh jenis bahan plastik (PL; sebanyak 1,42 item/m2).

Kata Kunci: Sampah Meso, Sampah Makro, Komposisi, Kepadatan, Dasar Laut
KONDISI PADANG LAMUN DI SEKITAR PERAIRAN MOKUPA KECAMATAN TOMBARIRI KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Walo Meilin Yulita , Sondak Calvyn F. A. , Paransa Darus Sa’adah Johanis , Kusen Janny D. , Schaduw Joshian N. W. , Wagey Billy T. , Rangan Jetty
Published: March 2024

Seagrass is the only flowering marine plant that lives permanently in shallow coastal waters and plays a key ecological role. This study aims to determine the types of seagrasses, community structure and current condition of seagrass beds nearby Mokupa waters. The method that used in this studywas the line transect method. This study found 5 types of seagrass and identified as : Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, and Syringodium isoetifolium. The average species density value was 25 ind/m², frequency was 1.26, species cover is 25.5. The highest important value index (INP) belongs to Cymodocea rotundata (101.5%). The diversity index (H’) was moderate with an average value of 1.17 and the dominance index is low with an average C value of 0.32. Based on the seagrass cover category, the seagrass beds in the study area were categorized as "rare" (0-25%). Water temperature ranging from 29 to34°C and water salinity 25 to 29‰. The substrate types found weresandy mud, muddy sand, and rubbels.

Keywords : Seagrass, Percentage of Closure, Community Structure, Mokupa Beach

 

ABSTRAK

 Lamun merupakan satu-satunya tumbuhan laut berbunga yang hidup secara tetap di lingkungan perairan pantai yang dangkal dan merupakan kunci dalam peranan ekologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis lamun, struktur komunitas dan kondisi terkini padang lamun di sekitar perairan Mokupa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode line transek kuadrat. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan 5 jenis lamun yang teridentifikasi yaitu : Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, dan Syringodium isoetifolium. Nilai rata-rata kerapatan jenis 25 ind/m², frekuensi jenis 1,26, penutupan jenis 25,5, Indeks nilai penting (INP) lamun tertinggi terdapat pada spesies Cymodocea rotundata dengan nilai sebesar (101,5%). Indeks keanekaragaman sedang dengan nilai rata-rata H’ 1,17 dan indeks dominansi rendah dengan nilai rata-rata C 0,32. Berdasarkan kategori penutupan lamun, padang lamun yang terdapat di lokasi penelitian dikategorikan “jarang” dengan nilai penutupan lamun 0-25%. Faktor lingkungan antara lain: suhu berkisar 29 - 34°C, salinitas 25 - 29‰. Jenis substrat yang ditemukan adalah lumpur berpasir, pasir berlumpur, dan pecahan karang.

Kata Kunci : Lamun, Persentase Penutupan, Struktur Komunitas, Pantai Mokupa
ﺍﻟﻣﻧﻅﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻣﺎﺛﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻘﺎﺑﻝ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﻓﻠﺳﻔﻳﺔ ﻟﻣﻔﺎﻫﻳﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﺅﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺧﺎﺭ ﺑﻼﺩ ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻓﺩﻳﻥ
Authors: ﻡ.ﻡ. ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺟﺎﺳﻡ ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺑﻳﺩﻱ
Published: March 2024

ان ﻓن اﻟﻔﺨﺎر ﻴﻘﺤم ﺼﻌوﺒﺘﻪ ﺒﺄﻨﻪ ﻓﻛر ﻴرى وﻴﻤﻛن ان ﻴوﺼـف ﺒﺸـﻛﻝ ﻤرﺌـﻲ وﺨﺼوﺼـﺎ
ﺒﻌـد ان ﻨـرى اﻟرﺴـوم اﻟﻤﻀـﺎﻓﺔ واﻟﻨﺤﺘﻴـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻻواﻨـﻲ اﻟﻔﺨﺎرﻴـﺔ اﻟﻘدﻴﻤـﺔ ﻓﺒﺎﻻﻤﻛـﺎن ان ﻴﻌطـﻲ
ﺼـورة ﻤرﺌﻴـﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﻛـر اﻟﻼﻤرﺌـﻲ ((ﻤﻌﻨـﻰ ﻫـذا اذن ان اﻟﻼﻤرﺌـﻲ ﻴﻤﻛـن ان ﻴﻛـون اﺤﻴﺎﻨـﺎ ﻤرﺌﻴـﺎ؟
ﻨﻌم ﺸرﻴطﺔ ان ﻴﻛون اﻟﻔﻛر ﻤﻛوﻨﺎ ﻓﻘط ﻤن اﺸﻛﺎﻝ ﻤرﺌﻴﺔ))
ﺍﻟﻧﺹ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺭﺣﻲ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻟﺳﻳﻣﻳﺎء ﻭﻧﻅﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻠﻘﻲ
Authors: ﺃ.ﺩ.ﺻﺑﺎﺡ ﻋﻁﻳﺔ ﺳﻭﻳﺑﺞ
Published: March 2024

ﻟﻘد ﺘوﺴﻌت اﻟد ارﺴﺎت اﻷدﺒﻴﺔ واﻟﻠﻐوﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻘدﻴن اﻷﺨﻴرﻴن ﻤن ﻫذا اﻟﻘرن واﻨﺘﻌﺸـت
 
اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻌرﺒﻴﺔ ﺤﻴث ﺘﺒﻠورت ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ أﻗرب إﻟﻰ اﻟﺤﻘﻝ اﻷﻟﺴﻨﻲ ﻋن ﻏﻴرﻩ ﻤن اﻟﺤﻘوﻝ.
ﻓﻘــد ظﻬــر اﻟﻤــﻨﻬﺞ اﻟﺒﻨﻴــوي ﺒﺄدواﺘــﻪ اﻹﺠ ارﺌﻴــﺔ اﻟﺼــﺎرﻤﺔ وﺘطــور ﻫــذا اﻟﻤــﻨﻬﺞ ﻟﻴﻔــرز
اﻟﺒﻨﻴوﻴـﺔ اﻟﺘﻛوﻴﻨﻴـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ أﺒـت إﻻ أن ﺘﻌﻴـد اﻟﺤﻴـﺎة ﻟﻺﻨﺴـﺎن واﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺘﺒﻠـورت ﻤﻨـﺎﻫﺞ ﻻ
ﺘﺒﺘﻌــد ﻋــن اﻟﺤﻘــﻝ اﻷﻟﺴــﻨﻲ ﻛﺎﻷﺴــﻠوﺒﻴﺔ واﻟﺸــﻌرﻴﺔ.. إﻟــﺦ. إﻻ أن ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﻤﻨــﺎﻫﺞ ﺒــﺎﻟرﻏم ﻤــن
ﺘﻘﺎرﺒﻬـﺎ أو ﺘﺒﺎﻋـدﻫﺎ ﻓـﻲ اﻷدوات واﻟﻤواﻗـف اﻹﺠ ارﺌﻴـﺔ ﻟـم ﺘﺴـﺘطﻊ أن ﺘَﻠُـ َﺞ ﻋـﺎﻟم اﻟﻤﺴـرح ﻛﻠﻴـﺔَ
وﺨﺼوﺼﺎً اﻟﻨص اﻷدﺒﻲ ﺒﺎﻟذات. ﺼﺤﻴﺢ أن ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ ﻋرﻓت ﻨﺠﺎﺤـﺎت ﻤﺘﻔﺎوﺘـﺔ اﻷﻫﻤﻴـﺔ
ﻓـﻲ ﻤﺠـﺎﻻت اﻹﺒـداع اﻟﻤﻛﺘوﺒـﺔ ﺨﺎﺼـﺔً ﻛﻤﺠـﺎﻝ اﻟﺸـﻌر واﻟﻘﺼـﺔ اﻟرواﺌﻴـﺔ إﻻ أﻨﻬـﺎ وﻗﻔـت ﺤـﺎﺌرة
أﻤــﺎم ﺨطــورة اﻟﻔــن اﻟــد ارﻤﻲ ٬ ﻷن ﻫــذا اﻟﻔــن ﻻ ﻴﻘــف ﻋﻨــد ﺤــدود اﻷداة اﻟﻠﻐوﻴــﺔ اﻟﻤﻛﺘوﺒــﺔ أو
اﻟﻤﻨطوﻗـﺔ ٕواﻨﻤـﺎ ﻴﺘﻌـدى ذﻟـك إﻟـﻰ أدوات ﺘﺘﺠـﺎوز اﻟﻤـﻨﻬﺞ اﻷﻟﺴـﻨﻲ اﻟﻤﺤـض ﻟـذا ﻛـﺎن ﻻﺒـد ﻤـن
إﻴﺠـﺎد ﻤـﻨﻬﺞ ﻗـﺎدر ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻤـﺘﻼك ﻫـذﻩ اﻷدوات ﻏﻴـر اﻷﻟﺴـﻨﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ اﻟـﻨص اﻷدﺒـﻲ اﻟﻤﺴـرﺤﻲ ٬
ﻤـﻨﻬﺞ ﻴﺘﻌﺎﻤـﻝ ﻤـﻊ اﻟﻌﻼﻤـﺎت ﻛﻠﻐـﺎت ﻟﻬـﺎ ﻨﻔـس اﻟﻘﻴﻤـﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴـﺔ أو اﻻﻴدﻴوﻟوﺠﻴـﺔ إﻟـﻰ اﻟﻠﻐـﺔ
 
اﻟﻤﻛﺘوﺒﺔ أو اﻟﻤﻨطوﻗﺔ.
ﺑﻼﺩ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺗﻼﻝ ﺍﻻﻓﻐﺎﻧﻲ ۱۷۲۲ ­ ۱۷۲٥
Authors: ﺃﺣﻣﺩ ﻛﺎﻅﻡ ﻣﺣﺳﻥ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺎﺗﻲ
Published: March 2024

رزﺤـت ﺒـﻼد ﻓـﺎرس ﻓـﻲ ﺘﻠـك ﺤﻘﺒـﻪ اﻟزﻤﻨﻴـﻪ ﺘﺤـت اﻻﺤـﺘﻼﻝ اﻻﻓﻐـﺎﻨﻲ ﻏﻠ ازﺌـﻲ اودى
ﺒﻛﻴﺎﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴـﻲ وﺠﻌﻠﻬـﺎ ﻤﺤـط اطﻤـﺎع دوﻝ اﻟﺠـوار وﻟﻌـدم وﺠـود د ارﺴـﻪ اﻛﺎدﻴﻤﻴـﻪ ﺘﻨﺎوﻟـت
اﻟﻤوﻀوع وﺠددت ﻤن اﻻﺠد ارﻟﺘطرق اﻟﻴﻪ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻴﺘﺴﻨﻰ ﻟﻠﻘﺎرءى ﻤﻌرﻓﺔ ﻤﺎ ﻤرت ﺒـﻪ اﻟـﺒﻼد
 
ﻤن اوﻀﺎع ﻤﻀطرﺒﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻠك اﻟﻤرﺤﻠﺔ.
ﺘﻘـﻊ اﻓﻐﺎﻨﺴـﺘﺎن ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺠﻨـوب اﻟﻐرﺒـﻲ ﻤـن ﻗـﺎرة اﺴـﻴﺎ وﻫـﻲ ﻤﻨطﻘـﻪ ﺠﺒﻠﻴـﻪ ﺘﺴـﻛﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﺎﺌـﻝ
ﻋـدﻩ ٬ وﻛﺎﻨـت ﺨﺎﻀـﻌﻪ ﻟﻠﺴـﻴطرﻩ اﻟﻔﺎرﺴـﻴﻪ طﻴﻠـﺔ اﻟﻘـرﻨﻴن اﻟﺴـﺎدس اﻟﻌﺸـر واﻟﺴـﺎﺒﻊ اﻟﻌﺸـر.
وﻟﻛن اﻟﻀﻌف اﻟذي دب ﻓﻲ ﺠﺴم اﻟدوﻟـﺔ اﻟﺼـﻔوﻴﻪ اﻴـﺎم اﻟﺸـﺎﻩ ﺤﺴـﻴن (١٧٢٢–١٦٩٤)
ﺠﻌﻝ اﻻﻓﻐﺎن اﻟﻐﻠ ازﺌﻴﻴن ٬ وﻻ ﺴﻴﻤﺎ اواﺌﻝ اﻟﻘرن اﻟﺴـﺎﺒﻊ اﻟﻌﺸـر ﻴطـﺎﻟﺒون ﺒﺎﺴـﺘﻘﻼﻟﻬم ٬ اﻻﻤـر
اﻟذي دﻓـﻊ اﻟﺤﻛوﻤـﻪ اﻟﻔﺎرﺴـﻴﻪ اﻟـﻰ ارﺴـﺎﻝ واﻟـﻲ ﻗـوي ﺸـدﻴد اﻟﺒـﺎس اﺴـﻤﻪ (ﻛـرﻛﻴن ﺨـﺎن) وﻗـد
اذاﻗﻬـم اﻻﺨﻴـر اﻟوﻴـﻝ وا ﻟﺜﺒـور ﻓﺎﻨﺘﻔﻀـوا ﻀـدﻩ ﺒﻘﻴـﺎدة اﻤﻴـرﻫم (وﻴـس) ٬ واﻋﻠﻨـوا اﺴـﺘﻘﻼﻟﻬم
ﻋن ﺒﻼد ﻓﺎرس ٬ وﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ ﻨﻴﺘﻬم اﻟزﺤف ﺒﺎﺘﺠﺎﻩ اﺼﻔﻬﺎن واﺤﺘﻼﻟﻬﺎ اﻻ ان اﻟﻤﻨﻴـﻪ ﻋﺎﺠﻠـت
 
اﻤﻴرﻫم .
ﺗﺄﺛﻳﺭ ﺍﻻﻓﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺳﻠﺳﻼﺕ ﺍﻻﺟﻧﺑﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻠﻭﻙ ﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺷﺑﺎﺏ
Authors: ﺃ.ﻡ.ﺩ. ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﻟﻌﻳﺑﻲ
Published: March 2024

ﻤـن اﻫـم ﻤـﺎ ﻴﺘﻤﻴـز ﺒـﻪ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻨـﺎ اﻟﻴـوم ﻫـو اﻟﺘطـور اﻟﻌﻠﻤـﻲ واﻟﺘﻘﻨـﻲ اﻟﺴـرﻴﻊ وﺨﺎﺼـﺔ ﻓـﻲ
 
ﻤﺠﺎﻝ اﻻﺘﺼﺎﻝ ووﺴﺎﺌﻠﻪ اﻟﺤدﻴﺜﺔ اﻟﻤﺘطورة واﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ٬ وﻤن ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺠﻪ اﺼﺒﺢ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻘـدور اﻟﻤﺘﻠﻘـﻲ
 
ﻓـﻲ اﻴـﺔ ﺒﻘﻌـﺔ ﻤـن ﺒﻘـﺎع اﻟﻌـﺎﻟم ان ﻴﺸـﺎﻫد وﻴﺴـﻤﻊ اﻻﺤـداث ﺴـﺎﻋﺔ وﻗوﻋﻬـﺎ ﻓـﻲ اي ﺠـزء ﻤـن
 
ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻨﺎ.
 
(ان اﻟﺴـﻨوات اﻻﺨﻴـرة ﻗـد ﺸـﻬدت ﺘ ازﻴـدا ﻤﻠﺤوظـﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﺤـدة اﻟﻤﺸـﻛﻼت اﻟﻌـﺎﺒرة ﻟﻠﺤـدود
 
ﻤﺜﻝ ﻤﺸﻛﻼت اﻟﻤﺨـد ارت وﺠـ ارﺌم ﻏﺴـﻝ اﻻﻤـواﻝ واﻟﻬﺠـرة ﻏﻴـر اﻟﻤﺸـروﻋﺔ واﻟﺘطـرف واﻻرﻫـﺎب
 
اﻟدوﻟﻲ وﺘﻠوث اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ واﻻﻤ ارض اﻟﻔﺘﺎﻛﺔ ). -٧ ) ص ( ١٩٥
 
وﻫذﻩ اﻟﺨطوات اﻟﺴرﻴﻌﺔ اﻟﻛﺒﻴرة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘطور اﺤدﺜت ﺘﻐﻴﻴ ارت واﺴﻌﺔ وﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴـﻠوك
 
وﻋـﺎدات وﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴـد اﻟﻤﺘﻠﻘـﻲ ﺒﻠـوﺤﺘﻰ ﻓـﻲ ﻨـواﺤﻲ اﺨـرى ﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴـﺔ واﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴـﺔ واﻗﺘﺼـﺎدﻴﺔ وﺴﻴﺎﺴـﻴﺔ
 
وﺤﺘﻰ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ٬ ﻓﺎﻟﺒﺤوث واﻟد ارﺴﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻨﺎوﻟت وﺴﺎﺌﻝ اﻻﺘﺼﺎﻝ اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴرﻴﺔ وﺒﺎﻟـذات
 
وﺴـﻴﻠﺔ اﻻﺘﺼـﺎﻝ (اﻟﺘﻠﻔزﻴـون) اﺜﺒﺘـت ان ﻟﻬـﺎ اﻟﻤﻘـدرة ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺘـﺎﺜﻴر اﻟواﻀـﺢ واﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸـر ﻓـﻲ اﻓﻛـﺎر
 
واﺘﺠﺎﻫـﺎت وﺴـﻠوك اﻟﻤﺘﻠﻘـﻲ ٬ وﻫـذا اﻟﺘـﺎﺜﻴر ﺒﻤـﺎ ﻴﺤﻤﻠـﻪ ﻤـن اﻴﺠـﺎب وﺴـﻠب ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤﻔـﺎﻫﻴم واﻟﻘـﻴم
 
واﻟﻌـﺎدات واﻻﺘﺠﺎﻫـﺎت واﻟﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴـد وﻤﺨﺘﻠـف اﻻﻋﺘﺒـﺎ ارت اﻟﺤﻴﺎﺘﻴـﺔ وﻤـﺎ ﻴﺤﺘـﺎج اﻟﻴـﻪ ﻤـن اﻛﺘﺴـﺎب
 
اﻟﻤﻬﺎ ارت واﻟﺨﺒـ ارت ﻓـﻲ ﺘطـوﻴر اﻟﻤﻔـﺎﻫﻴم واﻟﻘـﻴم اﻻﻨﺴـﺎﻨﻴﺔ واﻟروﺤﻴـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻟﻬـﺎ اﻟﺘـﺎﺜﻴر اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸـر
 
ﻓﻲ ﺴﻠوﻛﻪ واﺘﺠﺎﻫﺎﺘﻪ وﻤﻌﺘﻘداﺘﻪ.
ﺣﻘﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺧﻼﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻣﺱ ﻣﺳﺎﺋﻝ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺻﺎﻑ
Authors: ﺃ.ﻡ.ﺩ. ﺭﺣﻳﻡ ﺟﻣﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺧﺯﺭﺟﻲ
Published: March 2024

ﻓﺎﻟﺨﻼف اﻟﻨﺤوي ﺒدأ ﻤﺒﻛ اًر ﻤﻊ ﻨﺸﺄة اﻟﻨﺤو اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ وﻻﺴﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻨد اﺴـﺘﺨﻼص اﻟظـواﻫر
اﻟﻨﺤوﻴﺔ وﺘﻘﻌﻴدﻫﺎ ٬ ﻓﻘد ﺘطور ذﻟك اﻟﺨﻼف ﺒﻴن ﻨﺤﺎة اﻟﻤدرﺴﺘﻴن اﻟﻛوﻓﺔ واﻟﺒﺼرة ٬ ﻓﻀﻼً ﻋن
ﻋﻠﻤــﺎء اﻟﻤدرﺴــﺔ اﻟواﺤــدة ٬ واﻟﺴــﺒب ﻴﻌــود إﻟــﻰ طرﻴﻘــﺔ ﺠﻤــﻊ اﻟﻠﻐــﺔ واﻷﺨــذ ﻤــن اﻷﻋــ ارب ٬
ﻓﺎﻟﺒﺼرﻴون أﺨذوا اﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻤن ﺒوادي ﻨﺠد واﻟﺤﺠﺎز وﺘﻬﺎﻤﺔ ٬ أ ّﻤﺎ اﻟﻛوﻓﻴون ﻓﻘد اﺨذوا ﻤن ﻋﻤـوم
اﻟﻘﺒﺎﺌــﻝ اﻟﻌرﺒﻴــﺔ ٬ واﻟﺒﺼــرﻴون ﻴﻔﺴــرون اﻟظــواﻫر اﻟﻠﻐوﻴــﺔ ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻘــرآن اﻟﻛــرﻴم ﺒﺄﻓﺼــﺢ ﻟﻐــﺎت
اﻟﻌرب وﻫم ﻴﻌّدون اﻟـذي ﻻ ﻴـﺄﺘﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﻘﻴـﺎس ﻤﻤـﺎ ﻴﺴـﻤﻊ وﻴﺤﻔـظ وﻻ ﻴﻘـﺎس ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ٬ ﻓـﻲ ﺤـﻴن
أن اﻟﻛوﻓﻴﻴن ﻴﺴﻤﻌون اﻟﻠﻐﺔ أﻛﺜر ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﻴﺴون وﻻﺴﻴﻤﺎ ﺸﻴﺨﻬم اﻟﻛﺴﺎﺌﻲ ٬ ﺜـم ﻫﻨـﺎك ﺘﻔـﺎوت ﻓـﻲ
اﻟﻘدرة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺴـﺘﻨﺒﺎط ﺒـﻴن ﻋﻠﻤـﺎء اﻟﻤدرﺴـﺘﻴن ٬ وﺒـﻴن ﻋﻠﻤـﺎء اﻟﻤدرﺴـﺔ اﻟواﺤـدة ٬ ﻛـ ﱡﻝ ﻫـذا أدى
إﻟــﻰ ظﻬــور اﻟﺨﻼﻓــﺎت اﻟﻨﺤوﻴــﺔ اﻟﺘــﻲ طــورت اﻟــدرس اﻟﻨﺤــوي ﻓــﻲ ﻀــوء اﻟﻤﺴــﺎﻴرة واﻟﺤﺸــد
 
اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ.
ﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺗﺄﺛﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﺗﺷﻌﻳﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﺭﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺧﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﻛﻳﺑﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻻﻟﻛﺗﺭﻭﻧﻳﺔ ﻷﻏﺷﻳﺔ CuO ﻏﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺷﻭﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺷﻭﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺩﻳﻭﻡ ( In )
Authors: ﺻﺑﺭﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻳﻭﻱ ﺿﺑﻊ
Published: March 2024

وﻤـن ﺨـﻼﻝ د ارﺴـﺔ ﻨﻤـط ﺤﻴـود اﻷﺸـﻌﺔ اﻟﺴـﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺘـم ﺘﺸـﺨﻴص طﺒﻴﻌـﺔ ﺘﺒﻠـور اﻷﻏﺸـﻴﺔ
 
ﺤﻴـث أظﻬـرت اﻟﻔﺤوﺼـﺎت أن أﻏﺸـﻴﺔ اوﻛﺴـﻴد اﻟﻨﺤـﺎس اﻟﻨﻘﻴـﺔ واﻟﻤﺸـوﺒﺔ ذات ﺘرﻛﻴـب ﺒﻠـوري
 
ﻤﺘﻌدد اﻟﺒﻠو ارت.
 
اﺸﺘﻤﻝ اﻟﺒﺤث ﻋﻠﻰ د ارﺴﺔ طﻴف اﻻﻤﺘﺼﺎﺼﻴﺔ واﻟﻨﻔﺎذﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﻏﺸﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻀرة وﺤﺴﺎب
 
ﻤﻌﺎﻤﻝ اﻻﻤﺘﺼﺎص وﻓﺠوة اﻟطﺎﻗـﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﻨوﻋـﺔ ﻟﻼﻨﺘﻘـﺎﻻت اﻟﻤﺴـﻤوﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸـرة وﻏﻴـر اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸـرة.
 
وﻗد أظﻬرت اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ أن اﻟﺘﺸوﻴب أدى اﻟـﻰ زﻴـﺎدة ﻓـﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﻤـﻝ اﻻﻤﺘﺼـﺎص وﻨﻘﺼـﺎن ﻓـﻲ ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ
 
ﻓﺠوة اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ ﺒﺴﺒب اﻻﻨﺘﻘﺎﻻت اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺸرة اﻟﻤﺴﻤوﺤﺔ.
 
ﺘـم د ارﺴـﺔ ﺘـﺄﺜﻴر اﻟﺘﺸـﻌﻴﻊ ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﺨـواص اﻟﺘرﻛﻴﺒﻴـﺔ واﻻﻨﺘﻘـﺎﻻت اﻻﻟﻛﺘروﻨﻴـﺔ ﻷﻏﺸـﻴﺔ
 
CuO:In ٬ CuO . ﻓﻘــد اظﻬــرت ﻨﺘــﺎﺌﺞ د ارﺴــﺔ اﻟﺨــواص اﻟﺘرﻛﻴﺒﻴــﺔ ﺒــﺄن اﻟﺘﺸــﻌﻴﻊ ادى اﻟــﻰ
 
اﻨﺨﻔـﺎض ﻓـﻲ ﺸـدة اﻟﻘﻤـم واﻨﺨﻔـﺎض ﺤـدﺘﻬﺎ أي ان ﻤـﺎدة اﻟﻐﺸـﺎء أﺼـﺒﺤت اﻗـﻝ ﺘﺒﻠـو ار ﺒﺴـﺒب
 
ﺘـﺄﺜﻴر اﻻﺸـﻌﺎع.أﻤﺎ ﻋﻨـد د ارﺴـﺔ اﻻﻨﺘﻘـﺎﻻت اﻻﻟﻛﺘروﻨﻴـﺔ ﻓﻘـد أدى اﻟﺘﺸـﻌﻴﻊ اﻟـﻰ زﻴـﺎدة ﻓـﻲ ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ
 
ﻓﺠوة اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﻨوﻋﺔ.
TELEWORKING AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN BLACKDRUM ADVERTISING AGENCY
Authors: SAKA Rahman Olawale , OLUBODUN Ayomide Shukura , AJETUNMOBI Lookman Olaseni
Published: March 2024

The study focused on the importance of teleworking and its significance to organisational continuous operation. After the COVID-19 pandemic, organisations struggled to survive due to a new paradigm shift in how workers operate to meet today’s dynamic and competitive environment. The current demand for work flexible, quick, and innovative approaches to work should be emphasised. The recent situation requires teleworking as one option for work flexibility. This study examined the effect of teleworking on employee performance at Blackdrum Advertising Agency. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design on a population of 121 staff of Blackdrum Advertising Agency. The technique applied to this study was a simple random sampling to support the administration of the research instrument. The study’s results revealed that teleworking significantly affects employee effectiveness, job satisfaction, and employee retention. Thus, the study recommended that Blackdrum Advertising Agency implement a remote work policy in some critical parts of its operation to get employees’ commitment and have the chance to balance their work and life due to the nature of their jobs.
Proposal for the implementation of minimalistic cyber deception strategies
Authors: Pacheco Federico , Staino Diego
Published: March 2024

This work presents a methodical and minimalist approach for the
implementation of cyber deception strategies that, without compromising
effectiveness, seeks to limit its impact on operations, derived from the
limitations of its integration in productive infrastructures and the
complexity of the subject. To this end, a cyclical and continuous
process is proposed, adaptable to environments of different sizes, which
allows obtaining most of the benefits associated with complete cyber
deception operations, using the least number of elements and through
flexible tactics. This approach arose in response to observations
detected in experiences working with organizations. To facilitate the
implementation of this proposal, and as an additional contribution, a
free software tool created for this purpose is provided, which allows
its open experimentation and use in production, both for professional
and educational environments.
"You Want to Play a Game?" Detecting Personality Traits with Mobile Minigames
Authors: Alves Patrícia , Trindade João , Monteiro Gonçalo , Saraiva Pedro , Campos Pedro , Marreiros Goreti , Novais Paulo
Published: March 2024

The use of personality to improve recommendations is a growing trend in
recommender systems. However, to accurately determine someone’s
personality is complex, such as the need for long personality
questionnaires which are subject to social desirability bias, or the
need for a great amount of users’ interactions with the system. Also,
most of the existing works focus on obtaining the broader personality
dimensions instead of the more granular traits, which better
characterize a person, and, so far, there are no shortduration mobile
games that can accurately predict personality. In this work, we propose
to implicitly acquire the users’ more granular personality traits,
namely cautiousness and achievementstriving as a first concept proof, by
using mobile short-duration serious games, in an attempt to also replace
self-reporting personality questionnaires. A simulation with real
participants (𝑛=100) was conducted. Several significant relationships
with the proposed traits were found, although the sample size and social
desirability bias found in the self-reporting personality questionnaire
seemed to hinder the obtention of significant correlations. Interesting
significant correlations with anger, modesty, friendliness, excitement
seeking, cheerfulness, and adventurousness personality traits were also
found. The results show mobile minigames are a viable way of
unobtrusively determining the  users’ more granular personality, being
the path to replace personality questionnaires.
الملابس الجاهزة لدى طالبات جامعة بغداد بين الواقع والطموح ( دراسة ميدانية )
Authors: Al- Sulttani Yusra Shakir
Published: March 2024

تعد الملابس وسيلة هامة لكل مايقوم به الانسان في حياته العامة ، فهي الانطباع والكلمة الخارجية عن ذاته الداخلية فهي تعكس فكرة الفرد عن ذاته وعن شخصيته , كما تعد وسيلة تعبير جمالية وفنية , فهي تساعد على اخفاء عيوب الجسد وابراز محاسنه . ويتوقف اختيار الفرد لملابسه على مجموعة  عوامل منها احتياجه , قدراته المالية , سنه , مركزه الاجتماعي , طبيعة عمله ,الظروف الجوية التي يعيش فيها وعلى مايُؤمن به من قيم و معتقدات .

    والملابس خاصة الجاهزة منها تلعب اليوم دوراً هاماً في دولاب ملابس الافراد عامة والفتيات في المرحلة الجامعية خاصة لكثر توافرها في الاسواق وتعدد نماذجها وملحقاتها ( اكسسواراتها ) الجذابة , والتي اصبحت بكافة تفاصيلها جزء من حياتهن فهي تشغل وقتهن وتفكيرهن وينفقن جزء لابأس به من الميزانية لاقتنائها فضلا عن الجهد المبذول في البحث عما يناسبها من ملابس للظهور بأبهى صورة في مجتمعهن , لذا فلا بد من رؤية مستقبلية  لانتاج جيل جديد من الملابس الجاهزة التي تواكب متغيرات الموضة وتستجيب لمعايير تناسق الألوان والأشكال تكون مزودة بتكنولوجيا متطورة تحفظ صحة وسلامة مرتديها في ظل التكنولوجيا الهائلة في مجال الملابس , مثل تزويد الاقمشة المستخدمة في صناعة الملابس الجاهزة باسلاك واقراص مرنة قابلة للغسيل يتم تركيب موصلات إلكترونية ومجسات في الملابس حيث تقوم أجهزة القياس بتسجيل النبض وحرارة الجسم ورطوبته وغيرها من الوظائف التي تحمي وترضي الاشخاص .
Building Adjectives in light of Domain Theory
Authors: Raghad Fahmi Aajami
Published: March 2024

يحتاج المتعلمون العراقيون إلى تعزيز كفاءتهم في الكتابة. تتطلب الكتابة التطوير المستمر (زسوزسي، 2017). يعد إتقان استخدام الصفات في اللغة الإنجليزية أمرًا مهمًا لأنه يوضح الموضوع المستهدف. تلعب الصفات دورًا مهمًا في جعل الجمل أكثر وضوحًا. وبالأستناد إلى نظرية المجال لانجاكر (1987)، أجرت الباحثة دراسة تجريبية شملت 92 طالبة من جامعة بغداد، كلية التربية للبنات، قسم اللغة الإنجليزية. الهدف من الدراسة هو تحسين مهارات الكتابة من خلال تحسين استخدام الصفة. تم جمع البيانات الكمية من خلال اختبارين متميزين - أحدهما تم إجراؤه في بداية التجربة والآخر عند نهايتها. تم الحصول على البيانات النوعية من خلال الاستبيانات والملاحظات ومناقشات مجموعات التركيز. تم تحليل البيانات الكمية بدقة باستخدام المحرر الإحصائي SPSS وورقة Excel. أشارت النتائج إلى أن إتقان استخدام الصفات يسهم في تعزيز وضوح الكتابة لدى المشاركين، ويعزز الدقة في تصوير الأحداث والأفراد والمواقع، ويمكنهم من تفصيل التفاصيل من خلال الاستفادة من المعاني المترابطة.
تقدير خطر التعرية المائية في قضاء جوارتا في محافظة السليمانية باستخدام المعادلة العالمية لفقد التربة (USLE)
Authors: Hussain Zaineb Ebrahim
Published: March 2024

تناولت الدراسة تحليل التباين المكاني لكثافة الغطاء النباتي في قضاء جوارتا واجراء مقارنة التغيرات المكانية والزمانية للغطاء النباتي بين سنتي (2007  و2013) وذلك من اجل استنباط العلاقة بين كثافة الغطاء النباتي والمناطق المعرضة لخطر التعرية المائية وذلك بالاستعانة بمؤشر الاختلاف النباتي (NDVI) والمعامل الغطاء النباتي( (C، وباستخدام الصور الفضائية للقمر Landsat  الماخوذة بتاريخ  7/2/2007والصورة الفضائية للقمر Landsatبتاريخ 11/1/2013   وبرامج التحسسس النائي ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية.

    كشفت الدراسة وجود تباين في كثافة الغطاء النباتي لمنطقة البحث بين سنتي 2007 و2013 اذ اوضحت الصورة الفضائية لسنة 2007 ندرة في الغطاء النباتي بالمقارنة مع الغطاء النباتي لسنة 2013 اذ اتصفت بغطاء نباتي كثيف،كما كشفت العلاقة الارتباطية باستخدام معامل ارتباط بيرسونوجود علاقة ارتباط طردي بين كثافة الغطاء النباتي والتساقط المطري ،بينما ظهر وجود علاقة ارتباط عكسي بين مساحة المناطق الجرداء وكمية الامطار.وهذا يشير الى ان السنوات قليلة الامطار تعكس توزيع نباتي قليل الكثافة وهذا له انعكاس على تعرض المناطق الى خطر التعرية،بينما تشير السنوات ذات التساقط المطري الغزير الى توزيع نباتي كثيف وهذا له اثره على قلة المناطق المعرضة الى خطر التعرية.
Uncompleted Personality and it’s relation with Some Variables of the University Students
Authors: Khadim Mayison Ali Hassan , Muslim Zahraa Mahood
Published: March 2024

اهداف البحث الى

تعرف الشخصية غير المكتملة لدى طلبة جامعة بغداد.

الموازنة في الشخصية غير المكتملة وفق المتغيرات الآتية :

أ- النوع (ذكور وإناث)

ب-التخصص (علمي وإنساني)

وتحقيقاً لتلك الأهداف قامت الباحث بتطبيق مقياس شخصية غير المكتملة على عينة بلغت (500) طالب وطالبة جامعيين ، تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية من سته كليات في جامعة بغداد بعد التأكد من صدق المقياس وثباته .وبعد معالجة البيانات إحصائياً باستعمال الاختبار التائيT-testلعينة واحدة ولعينتين مستقلتين ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون ومعادلة الفا-كرونباخ والتفرطح وتحليل التباين الثنائي وتحليل انحدار متعدد وقد توصل البحث الى النتائج الاتية

في ضوء ما تم التوصل في نتائج يمكن استنتاج ما يأتي :

1-ان طلاب جامعة بغداد لديهم شخصية غير مكتملة .

2 لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية لمتغير النوع

3-لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية وفقا لمتغير التخصص

  وقد توصلت الباحثة الى بعض التوصيات

1-العمل على تطبيق برامج علمية إرشادية من أجل القيام ببحوث تجريبية والحد من الشخصية غير المكتملة

2-عقد ندوات وورش عمل بين المرشدين وطلاب الجامعات حول موضوع الشخصية غير المكتملة
Naber and toning in the modern Arab poetry Mahmoud Darwish, a model
Authors: Al-Nuaimi Eathar Shukri Shaker , Rishawi Arif Abdul Sayel
Published: March 2024

يتناول هذا البحث دراسة النبر والتنغيم في الشعر العربي المعاصر واتخذ من شعر محمود درويش انموذجا للدراسة وقد هدف البحث الى ايضاح وظائف التنغيم وبيان قيمته التواصلية في النص، وبيان انواعه مع ذكر شواهد لذلك في شعر محمود درويش.