bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Terapi Relaksasi Progresif Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2
Authors: Safitri Wahyuningsih , Putriningrum Rahajeng
Published: May 2019

Pencegahan penting dilakukan oleh penderita diabetes melitus agar tidak terjadi komplikasi dan kematian. Salah satu cara yang bisa dilakukan oleh penderita dengan mengontrol kadar gula darah tetap stabil dan tidak melebihi batas normal yaitu dengan terapi relaksasi progresif. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi relaksasi progresif terhadap kadar gula darah pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan pendekatan quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pre and post test design. Populasinya adalah seluruh pasien, diambil sampel 18 responden dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis dengan uji paired simple t test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar gula darah sebelum perlakuan didapatkan rata-rata sebesar 173,07 mg/dL; Hasil pengukuran kadar gula darah sesudah perlakuan didapatkan data rata-rata sebesar 161,68 mg/dL. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh signifikan terapi relaksasi progresif terhadap kadar gula darah penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 (p-value = 0,001).
The Government Auditor Professionalism Determinant
Authors: Purnamawati I Gusti Ayu , Adnyani Ni Ketut Sari
Published: May 2019

The aim of this study was to analyze the professionalism of the government auditors in Bali Province. This study is an explanatory research. The samples of this study were 30 respondents. The subjects of this study were all auditors at the Inspectorate of Buleleng Regency, Inspectorate of Denpasar City and Inspectorate of Bali Province. Types of data used was quantitative data, while the data collected by using questionnaires. Data analysis methods used were validity and reliability test, the classical assumption, and the hypothesis were tested using F-test analysis and t-test analysis which were then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. All the variables in this study were measured using the likert scale 1-5. The results showed that Motivation, Work Culture, Leadership Style, Gender, and Independence had positive and significant impact on the professionalism of the government auditors. An internal government auditor should improve his professionalism for the efficiency and effectiveness improvement in order to improve public sector performance.
Роль стресового ризику у розвитку та перебігу цереброваскулярної патології
Authors: Mukharovska Inna , Markova Marianna , Yavorska Tetiana
Published: May 2019

Мета – оцінити особливості впливу факторів стресового ризику (поведінкових та психоемоційних) у хворих з цереброваскулярною патологією (ЦВП) в динаміці її розвитку, як мішені медико-психологічної допомоги даному контингенту.

Матеріали та методи. В дослідженні прийняли участь 122 пацієнтів, які мали серцево-судинні захворювання з високим ризиком розвитку ЦВП – група 1 (Г1), 134 пацієнтів з клінічними проявами ЦВП у вигляді транзиторних ішемічних атак (ТІА) в анамнезі – група 2 (Г2), та 127 пацієнтів, які перенесли ішемічний мозковий інсульт (МІ) – група 3 (Г3). В якості групи порівняння (ГП) було обстежено 47 умовно здорових осіб з відсутністю ризику або ознак ЦВП, верифікованих клініко-лабораторним дослідженням. Для вивчення факторів потенційного стресового навантаження застосовано Бостонський тест на стресостійкість (тест «Аналізу стилю життя») з модифікацією оціночних шкал.

Результати. Діагностовано високий рівень стресового навантаження у ОГ, який прогностично вказував на значний ризик щодо розвитку соматичних та психічних зрушень у хворих з кардіоваскулярним ризиком та ЦВП (34,9±11,7 балів у Г1, 37,1±11,9 балів у Г2 та 37,4±12,0 балів у Г3, р=0,201), тоді як у ГП стресовий потенціал був нижчим (27,7±12,8 балів). Співвідношення впливу поведінкової та психоемоційної стресової складової показало, що у пацієнтів з КВР виявлено вищий рівень поведінкових стрес-потенціюючих факторів (18,0±6,1 балів проти 17,0±6,1 балів, р<0,001), хворих після МІ – психоемоційних (16,8±5,1 балів проти 20,6±7,42 балів, р<0,001), тоді як у осіб з ТІА та ГП – у формуванні стресових розладів рівнозначно відігравали як поведінкові так і психоемоційні компоненти (18,3±6,2 та 18,8±6,3 балів, р=0,095 у Г2; 13,8±6,5 та 13,9±6,8 балів, р=0,81).

Висновки. Вищий рівень стресового навантаження, вплив широкого спектру стрес-потенціюючих чинників, особливо психоемоційного ґенезу, у пацієнтів з КВР та ЦВП, дають підстави стверджувати про необхідність розробки, організації та впровадження медико-психологічних заходів для даного контингенту хворих на основі здоров’я-центованого підходу.
Прояви функціональної диспепсії при емоціях образи
Authors: Korshevnyuk Dmytro
Published: May 2019

Даний текст є тезами Конгресу: «Психосоматична медицина ХХІ століття: реалії та перспективи». Описане нижче присвячено проявам функціональної диспепсії при емоціях образи.
Динаміка психологічних та клінічних характеристик пацієнтів з тромбозом центральної вени сітківки у процесі комплексної терапії
Authors: Udovenko Iryna , Kharchenko Dmytro
Published: May 2019

Даний текст є тезами Конгресу: «Психосоматична медицина ХХІ століття: реалії та перспективи». Описане нижче присвячено дослідженню динаміки психологічних та клінічних характеристик пацієнтів з тромбозом центральної вени сітківки у процесі комплексної терапії. Доведено, що застосована нами комплексна нозологічно орієнтована фармакологічна і психологічна терапія у лікуванні пацієнтів з тромбозом центральної вени сітківки сприяє більш ефективному лікуванню та покращує психоемоційний стан хворих. Обговоюється питання використання комбінованих полімодальних блоків перцептивної психотерапії.
Grief tied to Death
Authors: Gryshchenko Pavel
Published: May 2019

Influence of the experience of severe grief on the development of diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Photomagnetic therapy and craniosacral therapy for rehabilitation patients with chronic brain ischemia at subacute phase
Authors: Fedorov Serhii
Published: May 2019

This is a conference abstract from the "Psychosomatic Medicine Of The XXI Century: Realities And Perspectives" Congress. It is dedicated to the photomagnetic therapy and craniosacral therapy for rehabilitation patients with chronic brain ischemia at subacute phase.
DETERMINATION OF SOME MACRO ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS AND CHLOROPHYLL-A DISTRIBUTION IN A SHALLOW LAKE WETLAND (GÖKÇEADA SALT LAKE LAGOON, ÇANAKKALE/TURKEY)
Authors: ASLAN Herdem , GÖNÜLAL Onur
Published: May 2019

In this study, the macro element concentrations and chlorophyll-a distribution in the Gökçeada Salt Lake Lagoon which is in the category of Shallow Lake Wetland in Gökçeada (Canakkale) were evaluated. For this purpose, some macro elements (Nitrite, Nitrate, Sulfate, Phosphate, Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium, and Phosphorus) and chlorophyll-a levels as well as water temperature and dissolved oxygen values were measured in 2016 as seasonally (January, May, August, November) from three stations. During the autumn season, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and sulfate values measured as 5.65 ppm; 16.9 ppm; 77 ppm; and 8547 ppm, respectively. As a result, the macro element concentrations deposited in the sediment and the chlorophyll-a amounts of the lake was signed to the ecological conditions are very suitable for the development of eutrophication. In the end of the study, some suggestions were done to protect the ecosystem balance.
USING FIRED WALL TILE’S SCRAPS IN FLOOR TILE BODY
Authors: ELMAS Savaş
Published: May 2019

The effect of the addition of the fired wall tile’s scraps in floor tile body was studied. The fired wall tile’s scraps were added to floor tile body according to 1.96-5.66-10.71-17.85 wt. % ratios. The sintering behavior of the floor tile was evaluated by measuring the water absorption, fired shrinkage, dry shrinkage and fired strength. In addition, microstructure and phase analysis were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) and x-ray analysis (XRD). Samples were fired in industrial type kiln which was continuous production at 1189 0C in 40 minutes. It was determined that the addition of 5.66 wt. % of the wall tile’s scrap to the floor tile had an effect of increasing the fired strength value. In the XRD analysis, anorthite phase was observed which shows fired strength and chemical resistance.
NAA Lebih Efektif Dibanding IBA untuk Pembentukan Akar pada Cangkok Jambu Bol (Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr & Perry)
Authors: Agustiansyah  , Jamaludin  , Yusnita  , Hapsoro Dwi
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTA study to determine the effect of auxin talcum on rooting of air layered malay apple (Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & Perry) was conducted from March to May 2016. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications, five branches per experimental unit. Auxin talcum treatment consisting of 7 level of auxin concentrations, i.e., (in ppm) 0 (control), 2000 IBA, 4000 IBA, 2000 NAA, 4000 NAA, 1000 NAA + IBA 1000 and 2000 IBA + 2000 NAA in the form of talcum-paste were applied in the upper region of the girdled branches prior to being covered with soil medium. The results showed that after two months, all treatments containing NAA, either singly or in combination with IBA produced 100% rooting, whereas the control treatment was only 22%. The IBA treatments singly at 2000 and 4000 ppm produced 44.4% and 55.6% rooting, respectively. The superiority of NAA upon IBA treatments was also shown by the higher number and length of primary roots as well as earlier root formation. The best treatment for Malay apple rooting was 4000 ppm NAA which produced 33.3 roots, and formed roots three weeks earlier than the control treatment.Key words: air layering, auxin, IBA, NAA, rootingABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh formulasi pasta auksin yang mengandung IBA, NAA atau kombinasi keduanya terhadap pengakaran cangkok jambu bol (Syzygium malaccense L.) Merr. & Perry). Percobaan dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret sampai Mei 2016 menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan, 5 cabang cangkokan per unit percobaan. Perlakuan terdiri atas 7 taraf konsentrasi auksin (dalam ppm) yaitu 0 (kontrol), 2000 IBA, 4000 IBA, 2000 NAA, 4000 NAA, 1000 NAA + IBA 1000 dan 2000 IBA + 2000 NAA. Hasil pengamatan pada dua bulan setelah perlakuan, semua perlakuan yang mengandung NAA, baik secara tunggal maupun dalam kombinasi dengan IBA menghasilkan 100% cangkok berakar, sementara kontrol hanya menghasilkan 22%, dan perlakuan IBA saja pada 2000 dan 4000 ppm menghasilkan 44.4% and 55.6% cangkok berakar. Efektivitas NAA yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan IBA juga ditunjukkan oleh lebih tingginya jumlah akar, panjang akar dan waktu terbentuknya akar yang lebih awal dibandingkan kontrol. Perlakuan auksin terbaik didapatkan pada 4000 ppm NAA yang menghasilkan 33.3 akar primer dan mempercepat terbentuknya akar hingga tiga minggu lebih awal dibandingkan dengan pada cangkok tanpa auksin.Kata kunci: auksin, cangkok, IBA, NAA, pengakaran
Aplikasi Kalsium dan NAA untuk Mengendalikan Getah Kuning Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.)
Authors: Tanari Yulinda , Efendi Darda , Poerwanto Roedhy , Sopandie Didy , Suketi Ketty
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTThe yellow sap is produced naturally in mangosteen organ except in the root. The yellow sap contaminated the aryl and rind if the epithelial cell walls rupture due to deficiency of calcium (Ca). Calcium is one of structural component of cell walls, whereas naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) has its role in improving cell division and cell elongation. Interaction of Ca and NAA can improve sink strength and capacity because the newly formed cells need Ca to construct wall structure. This experiment aimed at finding out the effect of Ca and NAA applications in reducing the contamination of yellow sap in mangosteen. The experiment was conducted by using factorial random block design consisting of 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was Ca dosage (0 and 4.8 kg/tree), and the second factor was NAA concentration (0, 200, 400 and 600 ppm). The results showed that application of 4.8 Ca/tree and 200 ppm NAA as much as 5 ml / fruit effectively improve the content of Ca pectate in pericarp, reduced the percentage of yellow sap contamination on the fruit segment, aryl and rind to 0% and 12.3% respectively compared to control (17.8% on fruit segment, 36.8% on aryl and 56.1% on rind).Key words: aryl, Ca pectate, cell wall, middle lamela.ABSTRAKGetah kuning adalah getah yang dihasilkan secara alami pada setiap organ manggis, kecuali pada akar. Getah kuning akan keluar dan mencemari aril serta kulit jika dinding sel epitel pecah karena kekurangan kalsium (Ca). Kalsium adalah komponen dinding sel, berperan dalam struktur dan permeabilitas membran sedangkan asam naftalenasetat (NAA) berperan penting dalam meningkatkan pembelahan dan pembesaran sel. Interaksi keduanya dapat meningkatkan kapasitas sink buah karena sel yang baru terbentuk membutuhkan Ca dalam menyusun struktur dinding sel. Percobaan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi Ca dan NAA dalam menurunkan cemaran getah kuning manggis. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial 2 faktor dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor ke-1 yaitu dosis Ca (0 dan 4.8 kg Ca/pohon) dan faktor ke-2 yaitu konsentrasi NAA (0, 200, 400 dan 600 ppm) dengan volume semprot 5 ml perbuah. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi 4.8 kg Ca/pohon dengan NAA 200 ppm sebanyak 5 ml/buah efektif meningkatkan kandungan Ca pektat perikarp dan menurunkan persentase buah tercemar getah kuning menjadi 0% pada juring dan aril serta 12.3% pada kulit dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol (17.8% pada juring, 36.8% pada aril dan 56.1% pada kulit buah).Kata kunci: aril, Ca pektat, dinding sel, lamela tengah
Penetapan Kebutuhan Air Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) dan Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.)
Authors: Rienzani Supriadi Devie , D. Susila Anas , Sulistyono Eko
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTCrop production can not be separated from the management provided, such as cultivation techniques in determining of water requirements. Water availability determines the success of crop production, either vegetative or generative because water is a basic need for plants. This study was conducted from March to June 2016 in a greenhouse of Cikabayan Experimental Station, Bogor Agricultural University. It consisted of 2 sets of experiment. The first experiment used a red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and second experiment used a cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). Each experiment was arranged in a single factor randomized block design (RBD) with irrigation level treatment (V) consisted of 5 levels, i.e. v1 = 1 kc.Eo, v2 = 2 kc.Eo, v3 = 3 kc.Eo, v4 = 4 kc.Eo, and v5 = 5 kc.Eo. kc is a plant coefficient and Eo is pan evaporation measured every two days before irrigation. The results showed that the response of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) on growth and production parameters were linear. The water requirement of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) was still higher than the highest irrigation level of treatment given in this experiment i.e. 5 kc.Eo.Keywords: evapotranspiration, irrigation, number of flowers, plant coefficient, plant heightABSTRAKKeberhasilan tanaman untuk berproduksi secara maksimal tidak terlepas dari pengelolaan yang diberikan seperti teknik budidaya dalam penetapan jumlah air yang dibutuhkan. Ketersediaan air menentukan keberhasilan produksi tanaman, baik secara vegetatif maupun generatif karena air merupakan kebutuhan dasar bagi tanaman. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Juni 2016, bertempat di rumah kaca Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian ini terdiri atas 2 set percobaan, percobaan 1 menggunakan cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) dan percobaan 2 menggunakan cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.). Masing-masing percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) satu faktor perlakuan yaitu tingkat irigasi (V) yang terdiri atas 5 taraf, yaitu: v1 = 1 kc.Eo, v2 = 2 kc.Eo, v3 = 3 kc.Eo, v4 = 4 kc.Eo, dan v5 = 5 kc.Eo. kc adalah koefisien tanaman dan Eo adalah evaporasi panci yang diukur setiap dua hari sekali sebelum irigasi. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa respon tanaman cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) dan cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) pada parameter pertumbuhan dan produksi merupakan respon linier. Kebutuhan air tanaman cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) dan cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) masih lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tingkat irigasi tertinggi yang diberikan pada percobaan ini yaitu 5 kc.Eo.Kata kunci: evapotranspirasi, irigasi, jumlah bunga, koefisien tanaman, tinggi tanaman
Studi Akumulasi Pigmen β-Cryptoxanthin untuk Membentuk Warna Jingga Buah Jeruk di Daerah Tropika
Authors: Sumiasih Inanpi Hidayati , Arzam Taruna Shafa , Poerwanto Roedhy , Efendi Darda , Agusta Andria , Yuliani Sri
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTDegreening is a transformation process on peel which enables it to change color from green to orange on citrus fruits. The orange color of the peel comes from the mixture of carotenoid pigments, such as β-cryptoxanthin and β-citraurin. The pigments contributed in the formation of β-citraurin are β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin. The objectives of this study were (1) to obtain proper degreening temperature in the orange color formation of several citrus varieties, and (2) to identify and determine pigments of β-cryptoxanthin pigment and total chlorophyll content in citrus peel after degreening. This study was conducted at PKHT IPB and LIPI Cibinong from July 2013 to December 2013, and from February 2016 to May 2017. About 100 ppm of ethylene gas was injected into a citrus-containing box using 5 ml syringe, then the box was placed in cool storage at 15 0C, 20 0C and room temperature, for 72 hours. The results showed that the best colors of Keprok Selayar and Keprok Tejakula were obtained by the degreening at 15 0C, in Siam Kintamani it was obtained by degreening at 20 0C. Degreening significantly reduced the total chlorophyll content, and increased β-cryptoxanthin content. The content of β-cryptoxanthin after degreening was 3 folds higher on highland Citrus reticulata than lowland citrus.Keywords: citrus color index, chlorophill, degreening, ethylene, tropical citrusABSTRAKDegreening adalah proses perombakan warna hijau pada kulit jeruk diikuti dengan proses pembentukan warna jingga. Warna jingga adalah campuran antara β-cryptoxanthin dengan β-citraurin. Pigmen yang berkontribusi dalam pembentukan β-citraurin adalah β-cryptoxanthin dan zeaxanthin. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah (1) Mendapatkan suhu degreening yang tepat dalam pembentukan warna jingga pada beberapa varietas jeruk, (2) Identifikasi dan penentuan kadar pigmen β-cryptoxanthin dan kandungan total klorofil pada kulit jeruk setelah degreening. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PKHT IPB dan LIPI Cibinong pada bulan Juli 2013 sampai Desember 2013, dan bulan Februari 2016 sampai Mei 2017. Degreening dilakukan dengan menginjeksikan gas etilen konsentrasi 100 ppm ke dalam wadah tertutup yang berisi jeruk menggunakan syringe 5 ml, kemudian disimpan pada suhu 15 0C, 20 0C dan suhu ruang, selama 72 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa warna terbaik jeruk Keprok Selayar dan Tejakula diperoleh dengan degreening pada suhu 15 0C, Siam Kintamani diperoleh dengan degreening pada suhu 20 0C. Degreening dapat menurunkan kandungan total klorofil secara tajam, dan terbukti meningkatkan kandungan pigmen β-cryptoxanthin. Kandungan pigmen β-cryptoxanthin setelah degreening 3 kali lebih tinggi pada jeruk keprok dataran tinggi dibandingkan dengan dataran rendah.Kata kunci: citrus color index, degreening, etilen, jeruk tropika, klorofil
Penilaian Kinerja Guru IPA Profesional (Studi Kasus pada SMP di Kabupaten Aceh Besar)
Authors: Firmansyah Juli , Aswita Dian
Published: May 2019

Abstract: This study was aimed to analyze the performance of certified science teachers at SMP Negeri in Kabupaten Aceh Besar. The research consists of two stages, namely the stage of development of performance evaluation instruments and research phase of professional science teachers. The sample in this research is IPA teacher who served on 6 SMP in Kabupaten Aceh Besar. The performance evaluation instruments is developed through the FGD stage and refers to the assessment instrument used by the previous researcher. Data was collected by survey techniques. Data analysis using quantitative descriptive technique. The analysis results show that the performance of professional science teachers with high criteria of 40% and medium criteria of 60%. Implementation of learning done is good enough and has the maximum in preparing the lesson plans, create modules and learning media. The activeness of teachers in professional organizations in the field of education and social and academic achievement is still low. Not maximal efforts made in the development of his profession through the works produced, and also still less active in educational and training activities.Key Words: Evaluation; Science Teacher Performance; Certification
Modelo de transporte para la distribución de cacao en México
Authors: Rivera López Samuel , Gutiérrez Hernández Maricruz , Pérez Soto Francisco
Published: May 2019

El cacao es un producto originario de México cuya producción no satisface la demanda interna, por lo que existe la necesidad de importar gran parte de lo que consume el mercado mexicano, por lo anterior, resulta de gran importancia poder distribuir óptimamente las cantidades producidas internamente con la finalidad de minimizar los costos de trasporte del grano. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación fue formular un modelo de transporte que optimice la distribución del cacao en México minimizando el costo del transporte, tanto para una economía cerrada, como para una economía abierta. Se utilizó programación lineal para resolver el problema del transporte, ya que permite determinar la manera óptima de trasladar bienes, minimizando los costos totales de distribución. Los principales resultados muestran que el consumo aparente nacional, en 2015, fue de 51 394.13 t, el consumo aparente per cápita de cacao en el país fue de 0.43 kg. Los estados que pueden ver satisfecha totalmente su demanda de cacao, únicamente con el excedente de la producción estatal de Tabasco y Chiapas, son: Guerrero, Oaxaca, Querétaro, Quintana Roo, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Campeche, Ciudad de México, Hidalgo, Estado de México, Morelos, Puebla, Tlaxcala y Yucatán; mientras que Michoacán puede obtener 14 de los 65 tráileres que demanda. Lo anterior conlleva a una minimización del costo de transporte, siendo este de $9 500 068.00. Para poder cubrir la demanda nacional de cacao se consideraron dos puertos de entrada para este cultivo y el costo mínimo de transporte fue de $18 123 640.00.
Situación actual del cultivo de litchi en municipios productores de Veracruz y Oaxaca, México
Authors: Torres-Becerril Mario , Morales-Trejo Fredy , Arvizu-Barrón Ezequiel , Ojeda-Enciso Luis Alfonso , Zaldívar-Cruz Juan Manuel , Armida-Alcudia Liliana
Published: May 2019

El litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) es un fruto exótico de creciente interés productivo en los estados de Veracruz y Oaxaca, México, tiene buena oferta en el mercado externo y representa una alternativa para generar ingresos económicos a los productores; sin embargo, presenta algunas limitaciones que impiden que se potencialice como un cultivo rentable en algunos estados de México. El objetivo fue analizar la situación actual del cultivo de litchi y de los productores en tres municipios de Veracruz y Oaxaca e identificar los factores limitantes para su desarrollo. Se elaboró y aplicó una encuesta en marzo y abril de 2017 a 18 productores de los municipios seleccionados integrándose la información en una base de datos. Los resultados revelan que en los municipios de Veracruz cada productor tiene en promedio 2.16 ha de superficie sembrada, con un rendimiento promedio de 5.2 t ha-1, mientras que en Oaxaca tienen una extensión promedio de 30 ha con rendimientos promedios de 4.6 t ha-1. La mayoría de la producción es orgánica. De acuerdo a la percepción de los productores, las principales limitantes del cultivo son los bajos rendimientos de producción, el desconocimiento del cultivo y los escasos canales de comercialización en ambos estados. Se considera que el litchi tiene gran potencial para ser impulsado con programas de apoyos, infraestructura y comercialización, que permitirían al cultivo incrementar su rentabilidad y productividad.
Rendimiento y rentabilidad de genotipos de papaya en función de la fertilización química, orgánica y biológica
Authors: Alcantara Jimenez Jose Angel , Aguilar Carpio Cid , Leyva Bautista Silvino , Alcántara Nazario Ángel Osvaldo
Published: May 2019

La papaya es uno de los frutales con mayor demanda en los mercados mundiales, por lo que, es importante desarrollar nueva tecnología agrícola (fertilización) que coadyuven a producir papayas de excelente calidad, además de reducir los costos de producción. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la fertilización química, orgánica e inoculante biológico sobre el rendimiento y rentabilidad de dos genotipos de papayo. La investigación se llevó acabo en el Colegio Superior Agropecuario del estado de Guerrero. El estudio consistió en evaluar los dos genotipos de papaya, Maradol y Mulata en combinación con fertilizantes químicos, orgánicos e inoculantes biológicos. Las variables evaluadas fueron días a floración, altura de planta, diámetro del tallo, días a la cosecha, número de frutos por planta, diámetro y longitud del fruto, solidos solubles totales (°Brix), peso promedio del fruto, rendimiento y rentabilidad económica. Los genotipos de papaya Maradol y Mulata presentaron una mejor respuesta en su crecimiento con la aplicación del fertilizante químico, por presentar menores días a la cosecha, así como un mayor diámetro de tallo en comparación a la fertilización biológica y orgánica. La fertilización química en las plantas de papaya Maradol generó el mayor número de frutos (38) y contenido de solidos solubles (11.49 °Brix) y en el genotipo Mulata promovió un mejor peso de fruto (1906 g) y rendimiento (99.19 t ha-1). Los inoculantes biológicos favorecen el incremento en el tamaño del fruto. Mulata con la fertilización química fue más rentable (GPI de $5.36) que Maradol con (GPI de $ 4.98).
Rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento y resistencia a patógenos en chile que favorecen su micorrización
Authors: Leos-Escobedo Lucio , Delgadillo-Martínez Julián , Favela-Chávez Esteban , García-Carrillo Mario , Moreno-Reséndez Alejandro , Preciado Rangel Pablo , Montano-Durán Luis Fernando
Published: May 2019

El éxito de la producción agrícola depende del clima, suelo, agua y microorganismos hongos micorrizicos arbusculares (HMA) y rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (Rpcv). Este estudio consistió en determinar la germinación de esporas de HMA in vitro asociados a Rpcv y en invernadero, evaluación del crecimiento y los daños causados por Phytophthora capsici (P. capsici) en plántulas de chile inoculadas con HMA y Rpcv. A los 32 días de germinación in vitro, se encontró que Pseudomona tolasii P-61 y Bacillus pumilus R-44, promovieron la germinación de esporas de Rhizophagus intraradices, Jalapa I y Cedro hasta 60% mientras que la germinación de esporas sin Rpcv fue de 11.66%. En la fase de invernadero, el porcentaje de colonización micorrízica fue mayor en el tratamiento de HMA+Bpcv con respecto al tratamiento solo con HMA. La altura, el engrosamiento del tallo, el peso seco de planta y el volumen radical, fueron mayores con la inoculación de HMA+Bpcv en comparación con la inoculación de HMA y el testigo sin inoculación. En la resistencia de plantas al ataque de P. capsici, se encontró que a los 84 ddt el tratamiento de inoculación HMA+Bpcv, presentó 4.84% de plantas muertas, HMA 11.21% y el testigo 4.24%.
Tipología de productores de durazno en Zacatecas, México por atributos de calidad del fruto
Authors: Sánchez-Toledano Blanca , Zegbe Domínguez Jorge A. , Kallas Zein
Published: May 2019

Zacatecas se posiciona entre los cinco principales Estados productores de durazno en México. El durazno es criollo, amarillo, hueso pegado, pulpa firme, propagado sexualmente y cultivado en temporal en ≈ 81% de la superficie cultivada; lo que, destaca la baja competitividad de este cultivo. No obstante, por el número de productores dedicados a este cultivo, realza su importancia socioeconómica con relación a otros frutales. Si se pretende entender las características y problemáticas de las unidades de producción (UP) que sirvan como un instrumento para optimizar la asignación de recursos públicos, y proponer estrategias que mejoren el desarrollo de la agricultura, es necesario entender la heterogeneidad de los productores considerando sus características socioeconómicas dentro de las UP. Por ello, en esta investigación se buscó analizar y segmentar técnica y tipológicamente a los productores de durazno del estado de Zacatecas. Los datos se recopilaron a través de una encuesta a 204 productores de durazno en Zacatecas, México. Los resultados sugieren cuatro tipos de productores: 1) aquellos que plantan durazno sin objetivo; 2) los que plantan durazno a nivel de traspatio; 3) productores donde el durazno forma parte de un sistema de producción agropecuario; y 4) productores empresarios de durazno. En esta última categoría, se encontró ≈31% de los productores, lo cual podría explicar, en parte, la baja competitividad del cultivo ante otros sistemas producto.
Evaluación de líneas de cebada maltera a fusariosis de la espiga y acumulación de deoxinivalenol
Authors: Bobadilla Meléndez Mirna , Hernández-Anguiano Ana María , Zamora Díaz Mauro R. , Vargas Hernández Mateo
Published: May 2019

La fusariosis de la espiga por Fusarium graminearum es una enfermedad que afecta el rendimiento y la calidad sanitaria del grano de cebada. Entre las medidas de control se encuentra el uso de variedades resistentes por lo que este trabajo tuvo como objetivos evaluar la resistencia a la fusariosis y a la acumulación de deoxinivalenol (DON) en 131 líneas avanzadas de cebada maltera seleccionadas por su tolerancia a roya amarilla, roya de la hoja, mancha reticulada, tizón foliar y escaldadura de la hoja, del programa de Cebada del INIFAP-CEVAMEX. Durante tres años las líneas avanzadas 30, 47, 65 y 123, así como las líneas 73, 91 y 96, de seis y dos hileras de grano, respectivamente, registraron síntomas muy bajos de fusariosis en respuesta a la inoculación con F. graminearum. Aunque la severidad de la enfermedad no se relacionó (r= 0.5682) con la acumulación de DON, estas líneas registraron muy baja o nula producción de toxina. La información generada en este estudio es relevante ya que indica que estas líneas son resistentes a la enfermedad y tienen potencial para utilizarse como fuentes de resistencia en un programa de cruzamientos en cebada maltera que incluya en el conjunto de enfermedades a la fusariosis de la espiga.
UKRAINE’S PLACE AND CHALLENGES IN THE EASTERN EUROPEAN PRODUCTION OF CHICKEN EGGS
Authors: Tereschenko Svetlana , Diachenko Elena
Published: May 2019

Research subject. This report examines the current situation in poultry egg sector development in countries of Eastern Europe, features and challenges for Ukrainian eggs sector. The aim of the work is to summarize theoretical and practical aspects of improving the economic efficiency of poultry industry enterprises, to analyse the current state of the organization of egg poultry production, to develop and substantiate general recommendations for improving the state of the poultry industry at specialized enterprises. The methodology of the study includes statistical methods and methods of economic and comparative analysis, etc. The article presents the results of research on the dynamics of poultry development in Eastern Europe and Ukraine in particular. The movement of poultry, the level of poultry production and the production of chicken eggs, consumption of poultry products are analysed. The functional and organizational structure of the poultry business in Ukraine is developed. The general structure of poultry production allocation is provided, which proves the formation of poultry farming as an industrial business and reduction in the share of poultry keeping in households due to the concentration of production in specialized enterprises. The main producers of poultry products in Ukraine are revised. The dynamics of sales prices for chicken eggs and main factors influencing its annual fluctuations are investigated. The export potential of poultry farming is analysed, as well as the main importer countries of Ukrainian poultry production. The issue of modern challenges and problem areas of production of the corresponding products is investigated, concerning less manoeuvrability of small poultry farms, their inability to influence the conjuncture of the poultry market. The main threats to the activities of enterprises are named, first of all, by external factors: the economic situation in the country, which affects purchasing power of buyers, the level of egg prices, increased competition from large enterprises and enterprises of EU member states, livestock diseases and the epidemiological situation in the country. The analysis of the possibilities of further development of poultry farms, taking into account the existing potential and modern poultry business problems, is carried out. The main directions for improving production with the aim of improving the efficiency of the poultry industry are determined: improving biotechnological processes, providing a set of measures improving poultry, compliance stocking density of birds in the poultry house, proper nutrition by scientifically grounded norms of consumption of nutrients and elements; improvement of methodological basis of state supervision over the quality and safety of food products and raw materials; creation of modern instrumental analytical framework and quality control and safety of food raw materials and foodstuffs, etc.
FOREIGN TRADE POLICY FOR INTEGRATION INTO GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS
Authors: Guzhva Igor , Nebotov Petro , Ivanov Yevhen
Published: May 2019

The purpose of the article is to define and argue the key criteria and directions of foreign trade policy, which become crucial in conditions of country’s integration into global value chains, as well as to reveal the impact of major regulatory barriers to trade that prevent Ukraine’s integration into global value chains. The subject-matter of the study is the peculiarities of foreign trade regulation under global value chains expansion. Methodology. The methodological principles of research involve the joint application of a set of well-known common scientific methods, as well as special research methods in economics, such as the method of system and structural analysis to generalize spheres, directions, and tools of GVC-friendly trade regulation. Results. The essence of global value chains as a modern concept for international trade analysis is revealed. New approaches to trade and economic policy aimed at improving the country’s participation in global value chains are analysed. Key spheres, in which bottlenecks for global value chains usually occur, are investigated. The growing importance of liberalization of trade in services in order to integrate into GVC successfully is stressed. Main barriers that prevent the Ukrainian economy from effective integration into GVC are outlined. Basic shortcomings in Ukraine’s export control system that constrain the expansion of the country’s exports of dual-use goods and technologies are outlined. Practical implications. The article contains a comprehensive set of tools and regulations to revise approaches, directions, and efficiency criteria of governmental foreign trade policy according to global value chains concept. Value/originality. Identified requirements for foreign trade policy allowed investigating the effectiveness and perspectives of Ukraine’s trade and investment regime from a GVC point of view.
MIGRATION CHALLENGES: TRENDS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR UKRAINE AND COUNTRIES OF EASTERN EUROPE
Authors: Drakokhrust Tetiana , Prodan Iryna , Tkach Uliana
Published: May 2019

Transformational processes in the global economy are due to strengthening the integration of national economies, increasing transnationalization, deepening internationalization of production and exchange, are accompanied by the activation of migration challenges. The purpose of the article is to examine and analyse the migration challenges, their development trends and the potential consequences for Ukraine’s and countries of Eastern Europe economic potential. To achieve the goal, the study focuses on the following tasks: to consider and analyse the main factors that have a direct impact on the socio-economic development of the country, such as the activation of international mobility of the Ukrainian people, armed conflict in eastern Ukraine, the introduction of a visa-free regime with the EU; to make a socio-economic analysis of migration processes in the countries of Eastern Europe; to consider and analyse the possible (potential) scenario of the development of the impact of migration challenges on the Ukrainian economy; to offer recommendations on mitigating the negative manifestations of the current migration challenges for Ukraine. Methodology. In the process of writing the article, methods of scientific abstraction, observation, synthesis of generalization were used to distinguish key socio-economic factors influencing migration challenges. The information and analytical base for the study of migratory challenges is the monographic works of foreign and domestic economists devoted to international migration, materials and analytical reports of international organizations dealing with migration (International Organization for Migration, International Labor Organization, United Nations Population and Development Commission, World Bank and others), regulatory and statistical data of the state authorities of Ukraine, results of scientific research of the Institute of Demography and Social Research after M. V. Ptukha NASU, Internet resources. The practical significance of the scientific research is to clarify the migration challenges, their development trends and potential implications for the economic potential of Ukraine on the basis of macroeconomic indicators; the likely economic consequences of the introduction of a visafree regime for the European Union for Ukraine and the projected tendencies of migration challenges as proposed scenarios, indicating developers and prospects for forecasting.
ECONOMIC AND ORGANIZATIONAL PRECONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGENCY RELATIONS IN A CRISIS PERIOD
Authors: Kivalov Sergey , Kibik Olha
Published: May 2019

The purpose of the article is the research of economic-legal and organizational principles of problem solution of economic agents’ functioning and implementation of activities within the system of anti-crisis measures in order to ensure the effective functioning of the country’s economic system. Crisis phenomena change the living tendencies of any economic agent. The purpose of each economic agent is to create sufficient capacity for functioning and development in favourable and especially in crisis conditions. In order to ensure the effective development of a business entity as an economic agent, the main condition is the maximization of its value by increasing the investment attractiveness and level of competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets. Formation of this condition is a prerequisite for survival in a crisis situation and development ensuring in favourable circumstances. The elements of anti-crisis management should be correctly integrated into the general policy of the management system of economic agents at the microeconomic and macroeconomic level. The subject of the study is the functioning of economic agents in a crisis. Research methodology. The study is based on the use of general scientific and specialscientific methods of scientific knowledge. The dialectical method allowed investigating the definition of agency relations. The method of system analysis was used to study the principles and economic and legal preconditions of the functioning of the anti-crisis management systems. The system-structural method helped to study basic precrisis measures to develop crisis-response potential of maritime agency service. Practical implications. The article considers the mechanism of economic and legal provision of anti-crisis management drawing on the example of maritime agents. The most significant components of the transaction costs of the principal are determined. Value/originality. The role of maritime agents’ associations has been identified. The necessity and preconditions for accelerating the adaptation of the world experience of the functioning of self-regulated organizations in the field of the maritime agency, in order to improve the state of the majority of economic entities, is proved. The development of cluster forms of the organization of interaction of different participants in maritime activity was determined as a positive trend. The promising area for further research is the formation of a model of responsible relationships between economic agents of different levels in order to achieve optimal results of realization of individual and social economic interests at key stages of the life cycle of the economic systems functioning.
A Propósito del Día Internacional de la Mujer
Authors: Castaño Castrillón José Jaime
Published: May 2019

Recientemente se celebró en Colombia el Dia Internacional de la Mujer. Por este motivo hubo en el país todo tipo de festejos, celebraciones y felicitaciones. Una conocida empresa comercial entregó ese día el premio a la mujer del año, que se concede a la mujer, que, durante el año anterior, se haya destacado por sus ejecutorias en pro de la sociedad. A través de sus redes sociales, las mujeres recibieron todo tipo de felicitaciones de parte de sus conocidos, amigos, compañeros, jefes, novios, amantes o esposos. En las tiendas de cadena, en los semáforos y en las esquinas se vendían todo tipo de arreglos florales destinados a ellas. En la radio y en la televisión solo se oían voces femeninas, o imágenes de mujer. Tanto regocijo por celebrar su día a la mujer colombiana haría pensar que en este país la mujer es respetada, valorada y tenida en cuenta. Nada más lejos de la realidad.
Maestros gestores de diálogo y pensamiento crítico: una oportunidad para construir paz en el aula
Authors: Agudelo Torres José Federico , Isaza Zuleta Beatriz Elena , Mercado Cervantes Enelsy Estela
Published: May 2019

El presente artículo pretende develar los sentidos de la práctica y el discurso en torno a la formación de maestros en Antioquia, en clave de la educación para la paz y la construcción de ciudadanía. Para ello se planteó una metodología de corte cualitativo, en tanto se realizó rigurosa revisión documental de toda aquella literatura que resultaba próxima y cercana al objeto epistémico planteado en la investigación. Entre los principales hallazgos se advirtieron: el rol protagónico del maestro como agente exhortador al diálogo, la importancia de la formación en política y en derechos humanos que le habrá de resultar propia al maestro contemporáneo, además de la necesidad de procurar y generar ambientes óptimos para el binomio enseñanza-aprendizaje; en pro de cultivar el pensamiento crítico. De éste modo, le resulta menester a la escuela contemporánea generar y diseñar escenarios propicios para construir paz desde el aula.
¿Mito o monstruo?
Authors: Bouvet Françoise
Published: May 2019

Pablo Escobar died in 1993 but his figure is still present in today’s artistic environment. This article studied the ‘character Escobar’ as he appears in the Columbian fiction, and more precisely in six novels published between 1993 and 2017 by writers such as Restrepo, Vallejo, Franco, Vásquez, Forero Quintero and Mesa. By analysing the allusions to the capo, his (dis)appearences, different names, descriptions…, this study examines how these authors deal with the heroic or monstrous facets of the so-called Patrón del Mal, and his mythical and sacred dimension, raising the question of an eventual responsibility of the writers in the mythification process of Escobar.
Monteiro Lobato e o intercâmbio literário com sul-americanos
Authors: Pinto Netto Heloisa Sousa
Published: May 2019

This article deals with the interchange among Monteiro Lobato, Manuel Gálvez and Horacio Quiroga – in particular, exchanged correspondences and articles published in newspapers and magazines between 1918 and 1925, during the period Monteiro Lobato was at the head of the periodical Revista do Brasil and created his first publishing house, Monteiro Lobato & Cia. – with the aim of identifying some actions of these scholars aiming at boosting the circulation of translations of their own articles. The study also aims to highlight the efforts made towards greater integration among Latin American countries, through collections of literary works that they considered representative of their respective literatures.
«Pupilas sedientas»
Authors: Nuzzo Giulia
Published: May 2019

Investing in a study perspective focused on analysing the presence of visual languages in Pablo Montoya’s literature, this work proposes a survey of the ‘phenomenology of the gaze’, which in La sed del ojo and in meaningful sections of Los derrotados is established in the relationship between literature and photography. The two novels offer a compact exploration experience of the photographical means, which leads, at the same time, to an experimentation of the visual instruments of the literary words, of the ‘eye of literature’: entering, in La sed del ojo, the world of erotic and pornographic photography of Paris in the 19th century; pouncing, in Los derrotados, in the ‘obscene spectacle’ of death spread by Colombian wars. This work will reconstruct the meaningful aspects and moments of this investigation, analysing them in a setting of complex theoretical questions inspired by the reflexive and speculative vein of the Colombian author.
Narrar la distancia
Authors: Jossa Emanuela
Published: May 2019

This paper will focus on the reiterated presence of the notion of ‘distance’ in Samanta Schweblin’s three collections of short stories (El núcleo del disturbio, 2007; Pájaros en la boca, 2009; Siete casas vacías, 2015). Such distance seems to be represented in different ways and from diverse perspectives, as Schweblin’s characters experience the distance from other family members, the distance between health and sickness, and between reality and imagination. The paper will argue that there is a significant difference between Schweblin’s first and last stories, and that such difference is related precisely to the representation of distance, which is featured through discursive modalities in which the depiction of space and its objects has a specific function.
Mañana, las ratas de José B. Adolph
Authors: Bernardoni Rodja
Published: May 2019

This paper aims to analyse the novel Mañana, las ratas by German-Peruvian writer José Bernardo Adolph. Written in 1977 and published in 1984 the text is a dystopian novel set in a distant future, that nevertheless is a vivid representation of the dynamics and the conflicts of the Peruvian society of the 70s and 80s. This study intends to investigate the structure of the novel in order to point out how the author succeeds in blending together two different literary genres such as dystopian fiction and realism, creating a new version of the classic paradigm of dystopic narrative. To do so, the research will concentrate on the study of some significant example of the Adolph’s previous books, and on the intertextual connections of Mañana, las ratas with both classic dystopian novels such as 1984, We or Brand New World and writers such as José Diez-Canseco, Sebastián Salazar Bondy, Julio Ramón Ribeyro, Alfredo Bryce Echenique y Mario Vargas Llosa, whose texts explore through different mode of realism social and political issues of their time.