bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complex Project Management: Historical Background, Problems and Approaches
Authors: ��������  , Klimenko O.
Published: October 2014

This paper opens a new heading of our magazine "Complex Project Management" which is devoted to forming direction of project management. In the paper the complex project management�s actual problems connected with methodological basis development and formalization of knowledge and experience accumulated in this area are considered. The author discovers and specifies a concept of "complexity", defines historical prerequisites of new direction emergence, reveals factors influencing projects� complexity degree, presents complexity elements classification in projects and sets the further purposes for research continuation in this area.
Sampling Methods� Evolution in Problem of Duration Reduction of Project with Limited Resources
Authors: �������  , Tsarkov Igor
Published: October 2014

The project duration reduction problem in the conditions of limited renewable

resources is one of the most popular themes within researches in area

of project management�s mathematical models during more than 50 years.

Nowadays applying of exact optimization methods in real practice is impossible,

so heuristic methods are used in this problem resolution. Among a set

of heuristic methods there is a considerable share of so-called multipass

scheduling methods based on consecutive application of different heuristic

rules of resource conflicts resolution to the same project. If at this each new

schedule turns out with use of random numbers, they speak about sampling.

In this paper a review of existing sampling methods will be made, and

their efficiency research on the basis of PSPLIB projects will be conducted.

Besides, has been received a confirmation that at a large number of iterations

in a sampling method the parallel schemes surpass consecutive ones,

and a new method of sampling combining various schemes and rules of

priority has been constructed.
MBTI as Express Diagnostics Method of Managers´ Behavioral Competencies
Authors: �������  , Reshetko Svetlana , ����������  , Bagrationi Konstantin
Published: October 2014

Research results of professionally significant qualities (behavioral competence)

of managers involved in projects are discussed in this paper. The

research results have been compared with NCB SOVNET 3.0 behavioral

competence norms. Four types of managers have been empirically identified

according to their professional competence: 1st type � judging introvert;

2nd type � judging extrovert; 3rd type � perceiving extrovert; 4th type � perceiving

introvert. Psychological factors directly correlated with planning and

control of work execution by project participants and influencing these planning

and control are considered within the macro psychological approach

to their learning.

The problem of involving motivated, enterprising and able to make decisions

almost intuitively people in projects becomes more and more topical

nowadays for companies� management. Effective decision-making in management

depends on a type of project managers� personality, compliance

of his profile to project type. In the course of work project managers have

great difficulties in activities� planning and organizing, and the problem of

compliance between project manager�s personality type and the project

character becomes important. Different projects require different types of

managers. An appointment of an employee with the right personality profile

and leadership style, corresponding to the project type is one of project effectiveness�

key conditions. One of the most popular techniques for project

manager�s personality type diagnosis is MBTI. According to this approach

the successful project managers are people with NT (Intuitive, Thinking)

personality type; which make decisions based on intuition and logic. This is

due to these managers are able to make decisions under uncertainty with

lack of information.

MBTI technique allows define the project manager�s personality type with

the help of a meta model as a synthesis of information�s receiving and processing

way, specific models of behavior and thinking style. In the conducted

research with use of mathematical methods it was shown a possibility

to define the type of employee and draw a conclusion on its behavioral

competences by means of express diagnostics during conversation.
Monitoring as a Necessary Condition for Achieving Academic Results at Rural School
Authors: ����������  , Danyushenkov Viktor , ���������  , Korshunova Olga
Published: October 2014

The article presents classical systems of academic monitoring displaying didactic, educational, social and psychological, administrative, and material

aspects of academic process on the basis of the analysis of the set of approaches to definition of the concepts of �pedagogical monitoring� and �quality

of education�. The actualmodification of monitoring system for rural school is analysedwith regard tomultiple aspects of understanding the category of

�quality of education�. The conclusion is drawn on existing problems in organization of pedagogical monitoring associated with various approaches to

understanding the essence of educational quality, classical inclination of pedagogy to traditional knowledge criteria of monitoring, need of developing

new indicators with regard to humanistic orientation of contemporary school and weak measuring and monitoring framework. Considering these factors

and specifics of modern rural school authors present a model of social and pedagogical monitoring for rural educational organizations and provide

an example of education monitoring in one of the rural schools of the Kirov region, displaying elements of a competence and activitybased paradigm.
Cultural Aspect of Teaching Russian: Example of Russia and Finland
Authors: ������  , Inkina N. , ���������  , Maklakova E.
Published: October 2014

The article describes the current state of the Russian language against the changes taking place in the country and society, presents the position of the Government of the Russian Federation (The Decree of the President of RF of April 22, 2014 No. 375), and provides measures carried out by the Government draw attention of society to the Russian language and culture as a whole (Year Of Culture). The author provides analysis of educational system of Finland and methodological recommendations onapplication of Finnish positive experience in creation of library information space for increase of interest to reading and literary heritage in view of national features of our country.
Book Reviews
Authors: Rand Graham K.
Published: October 2014

In Book Reviews, we review an extensive and diverse range of books. They cover theory and applications in operations research, statistics, management science, econometrics, mathematics, computers, and information systems. In addition, we include books in other fields that emphasize technical applications. The editor will be pleased to receive an email from those willing to review a book, with an indication of specific areas of interest. If you are aware of a specific book that you would like to review, or that you think should be reviewed, please contact the editor.

The following books are reviewed in this issue of Interfaces, 44(5), September–October 2014: Analytics for Managers With Excel, Peter C. Bell and Gregory S. Zaric; Fair Revenue Sharing Mechanisms for Strategic Passenger Airline Alliances, Demet Çetiner; Applied Stochastic Processes, Ming Liao; and Hybrid Metaheuristics, El-Ghazali Talbi.
Matching Supply and Demand: Delayed Two-Phase Distribution at Yedioth Group—Models, Algorithms, and Information Technology
Authors: Avrahami Assaf , Herer Yale T. , Levi Retsef
Published: October 2014

This paper details collaboration between the distribution organization within the Yedioth Group, the largest media group in Israel, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, Israel, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts. This collaboration has led to fundamental changes in how Yedioth distributes print magazines and newspapers. In our work, we developed and implemented decision support tools that are based on new models and algorithms, which were enabled through an electronic data interchange system, and in the future will be enabled with a specialized radio-frequency identification technological solution. The underlying concept is to use real-time information about the sales at the retail outlets to enable pooling of inventory in the network. In particular, we leverage this information to implement an additional redistribution period during the week, delaying the distribution of some magazines until after we receive partial sales data. We model the system as a two-stage stochastic optimization problem. Moreover, we show that the resulting cost is jointly convex in the decision variables. This approach gives rise to a multidimensional dynamic program. By formulating the second-stage subproblem as a linear program, we develop an innovative stochastic gradient-based optimization algorithm that finds the optimal solution in a matter of seconds. The changes resulting from this collaboration generated substantial cost savings at Yedioth—from both a reduction in magazine production levels and a reduction in the return levels. These savings were achieved while maintaining the same sales levels.
SPRINT: Optimization of Staff Management for Desk Customer Relations Services at Hera
Authors: Vigo Daniele , Caremi Claudio , Gordini Angelo , Bosso Sandro , D’Aleo Giuseppe , Beleggia Beatrice
Published: October 2014

In this paper, we discuss a decision support system for optimizing staff management of desk customer relations services at Hera, a large Italian multiutility company. The system, SPRINT, which is based on state-of-the-art demand forecasting, implements a novel two-phase optimization procedure based on adaptive staffing. The processes developed proved to be superior to other state-of-the-art approaches. After using the system for two years, Hera has considerably improved its planning and management processes, achieved a significant level-of-service improvement of its desk customer services, and substantially increased staff productivity.
Prioritising impact areas
Authors: Cowley Dame Sarah
Published: October 2014

The priority impact areas launched by the Department of Health provide a clear opportunity to demonstrate health visitors’ worth, says Professor Dame Sarah Cowley.
Rhinusa Stephens: a taxonomic revision of the species belonging to the R. tetra and R. bipustulata groups (Coleoptera Curculionidae)
Authors: Caldara Roberto
Published: October 2014

The species of Rhinusa Stephens, 1829 (Curculionidae, Curculioninae, Mecinini) belonging to the R. tetra and R. bipustulata groups are revised. Four of them from Middle East are new to science. The R. bipustulata group includes five species: R. bipustulata (Rossi, 1792); R. pelletieri sp. nov.; R. scrophulariae Caldara, 2009; R. algirica (Brisout de Barneville, 1862); R. emmrichi (Bajtenov, 1979), whereas the R. tetra group includes nine species: R. tetra (Fabricius, 1792); R. verbasci (Rosenschoeld, 1838); R. ensifer sp. nov.; R. moroderi (Reitter, 1906); R. weilli sp. nov.; R. comosa (Rosenschoeld, 1838); R. acifer sp. nov.; R asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807); R. tenuirostris (Stierlin, 1888). The following new synonym is proposed: Rhinusa bipustulata (Rossi, 1792) (= Gymnetron municipale Voss, 1960 syn. nov.). The neotype of Rhynchaenus asellus Gravenhorst, 1807 was designated. Moreover, the following lectotypes are designated: Cionus spilotus Germar, 1821; Gymnetron bipustulatum var. germari Faust, 1889; Gymnetron bodenheimeri Wagner, 1926; Gymnetron cylindrirostre Gyllenhal, 1838; Gymnetron nasutum Rosenschoeld, 1838; Gymnetron plagiatum Gyllenhal, 1838; Gymnetron polonicum Rosenschoeld, 1838; Gymnetron tenuirostre Stierlin, 1888. A key to the species, diagnoses of species groups, descriptions or redescriptions, notes on type specimens, synonymies, comparative notes, distribution, bionomics when available, photographs of habitus and drawings of rostra, terminalia and other useful characters for taxonomy are provided.
Personal Responsible, Participatory or Justice-Oriented Citizen: The case of Hong Kong
Authors: Leung Yan Wing , Wai Wa Yuen Timothy , Keung Ngai George Siu
Published: October 2014

This article starts off with a discussion of Westheimer and Kahne’s typologies of citizens followed by brief discussions of civic education in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and Australia with reference to the typologies. Then it moves on to an analysis of the development of the civic education in Hong Kong by comparing the six official policy documents in civic education, with reference to the typologies. It points out that the conceptions of ‘good citizen’ portrayed in the official documents, as in many countries, are just hovering between the Personal Responsible Citizen and Participatory Citizen and seldom attain the Justice-Oriented Citizen. It also argues that, in addressing the political demands of the society, the cultivation of Personal Responsible Citizen and Participatory Citizen is the result of conservative politicization of civic education, either through depoliticizing the teaching content or teaching politics in a conservative tone in the civic education curriculum. However, civic education deprived of Justice-Oriented Citizen may not be adequate in equipping youths to address the pressing social and political issues and concerns triggered by the global Jasmine Revolutions, Occupy Movements, and struggles against the rapid widening of gaps between rich and poor and the demand for a genuine democratization for the society. Therefore we contest that cultivating Justice-Oriented Citizen should be seriously explored with immediate urgency and propose that liberal civic education programmes aiming at cultivating Justice-Oriented Citizen should be included in school for an all round development of citizenship in the youths.
A ‘Primitive’ Latin America on View at the 1889 Exposition Universelle
Authors: Jiménez Maya
Published: October 2014

At the Exposition Universelle in Paris (1889), Mexico’s national pavilion was designed in the Aztec revival style and stood alongside a reconstruction of an Aztec village. These structures, as well as the artworks exhibited within their walls, perpetuated a view of a primitive
and unchanged Mexico. Conversely, Venezuelan Arturo Michelena garnered an award for his painting of a French Royalist heroine, and Argentine Eduardo Schiaffino for his depiction of a nude, demonstrating the appeal of European and Classical subjects among exhibition critics. How did these divergent
views of Latin America function on the international stage, and particularly at universal expositions? This article seeks to explore the ways through which Latin American countries either addressed or shunned their pre-Hispanic past at the Exposition Universelle, revealing the ways in which
their pavilions, artifacts and fine art catered to notions of the ‘primitive’ as much as it did subvert them.
Staging the Global: Latin American Art in the Guggenheim and Carnegie Internationals of the 1960s
Authors: Solomons Delia
Published: October 2014

The Guggenheim and Carnegie Internationals served as influential platforms for curators and critics to propagate their visions of the global art world in the 1960s. As Cold War tensions escalated, much was at stake in the branding of international art and Latin America’s position
within it. In these US exhibitions, geopolitical discord and cultural specificity became sublimated in order to stage internationalism in terms of unity and harmony. The exhibition format forced critics and curators to directly confront globalization, inciting attitudes ranging from progressive
inclusivity to chauvinistic assertions of western art’s supremacy, and sparking thorny debates regarding international style, formalism, objective quality in art, and cultural categorization.
‘Where’ Else Could We Talk About?: The Border as Nomadic Site
Authors: Ratliff Jamie
Published: October 2014

Since 2005, Mexican artist Teresa Margolles has created a number of installations that address the drug- and gang-related violence that has plagued Mexico’s northern border for the last two decades. Many of these artworks also share a decidedly spatial quality, as Margolles has
physically transported material traces of criminal acts to secondary sites. Such site-oriented and performative techniques allow Margolles to present the border as ‘nomadic’, an unhinged site-specificity that widens the scope of the artist’s inquiry from the direct experience
of the actual space itself to investigate a larger discourse on the border. This article analyzes Margolles’s What Else Could We Talk About? (2009), curated by Cuauhtémoc Medina, at the 53rd Venice Biennale. Through a theoretical framework of aesthetic and philosophical nomadism,
I argue that the exhibition functioned as a critical intervention in producing the border as a space of social, political and institutional critique.
Jill Magid’s Woman with Sombrero: A Poetic Interrogation of Artistic Legacy
Authors: Barlow Anne
Published: October 2014

This article on the exhibition Woman with Sombrero (2013) by Jill Magid at Art in General focuses on the artistic methodologies and exhibitionary strategies used by the artist in exploring the legacy of Mexican architect Luis Barragán, whose personal archive remains in Mexico,
but whose professional archive now resides in Switzerland. While able to reproduce imagery from the personal archive in Mexico for the purposes of the exhibition, Magid was unable to consult the professional archive or use images of Barragán’s work due to strict copyright restrictions.
Designed to remain just within the confines of the law, the resulting exhibition and related performance contained visual references that were both real and imagined, alongside artistic gestures, invitations and correspondences that ultimately reflected Magid’s interrogation of art,
ownership and national identity.
A large-scale test set-up for measuring VOC emissions from wood products under laboratory conditions in simulated real rooms
Authors: Höllbacher Eva , Rieder-Gradinger Cornelia , Strateva Daniel , Srebotnik Ewald
Published: October 2014

A large-scale test set-up was designed to evaluate the volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions of building materials in a real room situation but under laboratory conditions. Two model rooms (ModR) with a volume of 30 m3 each were constructed of the wood-based building materials X-lam and OSB, respectively. Temperature and relative humidity (RH) inside the ModR were kept in a range of 21°C–25°C and 45%–55% RH. VOCs were collected at 13 different times over a period of 23 weeks, and the total VOC (TVOC) concentration was calculated from GC/MS data. Results were quantified as toluene equivalents (TE). In the X-lam-ModR, the TVOC concentration decreased by 64% over the whole measurement period from 115 to 41 μg m-3 TE. Terpenes were the most abundant substance group and accounted, on average, for 80% of the TVOC concentration. In the OSB-ModR, the TVOC concentration decreased by 72% from 443 to 124 μg m-3 TE. Aldehydes showed the highest concentrations, accounting, on average, for 52% of the TVOC, while 38% were terpenes. The results show that this type of test provides realistic data for the praxis.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to investigate the pharmacodynamic interaction of 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron and paracetamol in postoperative patients operated in an ENT department under local anesthesia
Authors: Bhosale Uma A. , Khobragade Rahul , Naik Chetana , Yegnanarayan Radha , Kale Jyoti
Published: October 2014

Background: The preclinical incision pain models and clinical studies in healthy volunteers have demonstrated the central serotonergic analgesic mechanism, paracetamol analgesia. This has been evidenced by raised serotonin concentrations in the brain following paracetamol administration in a few studies. The inhibition of paracetamol analgesia by 5-HT3 antagonists suggests that this analgesia is 5-HT3 mediated. However, in a few studies, 5-HT3 antagonists themselves exhibited an analgesic action. Various studies in this context stated intricate results. The present study was intended to understand the pharmacodynamic interaction between paracetamol and ondansetron in postoperative patients.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial included 32 postoperative cases of either sex, ages between 18 and 70 years. The patients were randomly allocated into the placebo and test groups and received respective treatment at the end of surgery. The pain score was recorded using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) behavioral scale at awakening and every 30 min for the next 3 h. The postoperative rescue analgesic consumption for 24 h was recorded. The data were analyzed using OpenEpi and SciStatCalc statistical software.

Results: A significantly higher pain score was observed in the placebo group postoperatively for 60 min on VAS (p<0.05 and p<0.01), whereas the FLACC behavior scale score was significantly higher at 120 and 150 min (p<0.05). The test group patients were more comfortable throughout the study, and the postoperative analgesic requirement was significantly lesser (p<0.05).

Conclusions: The pharmacodynamic interaction between paracetamol and ondansetron coadministration does not block but instead increase paracetamol analgesia, reduce the postoperative analgesic requirement, and improve the postoperative comfort level.
PCR-RFLP identification of the endangered Pyrenean desman, Galemys pyrenaicus (Soricomorpha, Talpidae), based on faecal DNA
Authors: Gillet François , Cabria Maria Teresa , Némoz Mélanie , Blanc Frédéric , Fournier-Chambrillon Christine , Sourp Eric , Vial-Novella Corinne , Aulagnier Stéphane , Michaux Johan R.
Published: October 2014

The Pyrenean desman is a vulnerable mammal species endemic to Pyrenees and the northern Iberian Peninsula. The presence of this elusive species can be most easily detected by sampling its faeces. However, these faecal samples can be confused with those of other vertebrate species living in the same habitats. This study provides two easy and reliable methods for the identification of the Pyrenean desman faeces based on genetic analyses. The first one consists of a nested PCR and sequencing of a mitochondrial cytochrome
Inherently chiral calix[4]arenes with planar chirality: two new entries to the family
Authors: Prata José V. , Barata Patrícia D. , Pescitelli Gennaro
Published: October 2014

The synthesis of two new inherently chiral calix[4]arenes (ICCs, 1 and 2), endowed with electron-rich concave surfaces, has been achieved through the desymmetrization of a lower rim distal-bridged oxacyclophane (OCP) macrocycle. The new highly emissive ICCs were resolved by chiral HPLC, and the enantiomeric nature of the isolated antipodes proved by electronic circular dichroism (CD). Using time-dependent density functional calculations of CD spectra, their absolute configurations were established. NMR studies with (S)-Pirkle’s alcohol unequivocally showed that the host-guest interactions occur in the chiral pocket comprehending the calix-OCP exo cavities and the carbazole moieties.
Structure and properties of low-isotacticity polypropylene elastomeric fibers prepared by sheath-core bicomponent spinning: effect of localization of high-isotacticity component near the fiber surface
Authors: Kohri Youhei , Takebe Tomoaki , Minami Yutaka , Kanai Toshitaka , Takarada Wataru , Kikutani Takeshi
Published: October 2014

Sheath-core type bicomponent melt-spun fibers were produced by extruding the melts of low-isotacticity polypropylene (LPP) as the core component and the blend of LPP and high-isotacticity PP (IPP) as the sheath component. IPP content in the sheath was changed from 8 wt% to 40 wt% while sheath/core composition was varied from 50/50 to 10/90. Accordingly overall IPP content was kept constant at 4 wt%. Even though the overall IPP content was intact, bicomponent fibers with lower contraction ratio after spinning, higher elastic recovery and slightly higher modulus and strength were obtained by increasing the IPP content in the sheath and decreasing the sheath layer composition, i.e., localizing the IPP to the region near the surface in the fiber cross-section. Structure analysis of the as-spun fibers suggested the suppression of crystallization of LPP in the sheath by blending IPP. By contrast, enhancement of molecular orientation and crystallization of the sheath component were found to occur by localizing the IPP to the region near the fiber surface. It was speculated that this behavior was caused by the kinematic mutual interaction of the sheath and core components in the melt spinning process.
Fondsregulierung im Umbruch – ein rechtsvergleichender Rundblick zur Umsetzung der AIFM-Richtlinie
Authors: Zetzsche Dirk
Published: October 2014

Der Beitrag behandelt die durch die AIFM-RL initiierte grundsätzliche Neuordnung des Rechts der Investmentfonds in Deutschland, England, Frankreich, Irland, Liechtenstein, Luxemburg, den Niederlanden, Österreich und der Schweiz.
Aktuelle Entwicklungen im Bank- und Kapitalmarktrecht 2014 – Tagungsbericht zum 5. Münsteraner Bankrechtstag
Authors: Danwerth Christopher
Published: October 2014

Am 23. 5. 2014 veranstaltete die Forschungsstelle Bankrecht an der Universität Münster unter Leitung von Prof. Dr. Matthias Casper den 5. Münsteraner Bankrechtstag. Thematisch beschäftigte sich der Bankrechtstag mit der Wirksamkeit von Bearbeitungsentgeltklauseln in Verbraucherdarlehensverträgen sowie mit der Frage der Einheitlichkeit der Bankenaufsicht durch die EZB und ihren Auswirkungen auf den Sparkassen- und Genossenschaftssektor. Auch wurde ein Blick auf die verschärften Anforderungen der MiFID II an die Anlageberatung gerichtet. Diskutiert wurde des Weiteren über die Erstreckung der Unterwerfung in die sofortige Zwangsvollstreckung auf den Zessionar der Grundschuld und die Auslegung der zuständigen BGH-Senate. Abschließend lag der Fokus des Bankrechtstags auf dem Zahlungsdiensteaufsichtsgesetz (ZAG) und einigen Anwendungsproblemen der ersten fünf Jahre seines Bestehens.
Die Verjährung des Anspruchs auf Rückerstattung des Bearbeitungsentgelts
Authors: Bartlitz David
Published: October 2014

Der BGH hat in seinen beiden Entscheidungen vom 13. 5. 2014 einen vorläufigen Schlussstrich unter die seit einiger Zeit andauernde Diskussion über die Zulässigkeit von in Verbraucherkreditverträgen vorgesehenen Bearbeitungsentgelten gezogen. Entsprechende Klauseln in AGB des Darlehensgebers sind danach nicht nur kontrollfähig, sondern stellen insbesondere eine unangemessene Benachteiligung des Darlehensnehmers dar. Noch nicht geklärt ist bislang jedoch die Frage, nach welchen Kriterien die aus der Unwirksamkeit der Entgeltklauseln resultierenden Rückzahlungsansprüche des Darlehensnehmers verjähren. Vor diesem Hintergrund erörtert der vorliegende Beitrag eingehend die einzelnen Aspekte der Verjährungsfrage und entwickelt einen differenzierten Vorschlag zur Lösung der Problematik.
„Banking Without Banks“? Rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen des Peer-to-Peer Lending
Authors: Renner Moritz
Published: October 2014

Mit dem Peer-to-Peer Lending bekommen die Kreditinstitute neue Konkurrenz. Über spezielle Internet-Plattformen treten hier Kreditgeber und Kreditnehmer direkt miteinander in Kontakt. Die BaFin schränkt die Möglichkeiten des Peer-to-Peer Lending in Deutschland aber stark ein. Der Beitrag tritt de lege lata für eine engere, schutzzweckbezogene Auslegung der KWG-Vorgaben ein. De lege ferenda schlägt er vor, das Peer-to-Peer Lending von der Erlaubnispflicht nach § 32 KWG auszunehmen.
Das Widerrufsrecht beim Verbraucherdarlehen – zwischen Ewigkeit und Rechtsmissbrauch
Authors: Lang Volker , Schulz Stephan
Published: October 2014

Die plakativ als „Widerrufs-Joker“ (Kropf, WM 2013, 2250) bezeichnete Möglichkeit eines Verbrauchers, sich mit Hilfe eines „ewigen“ Widerrufsrechts noch viele Jahre nach Vertragsschluss von einem Darlehensvertrag lösen oder die nach vorzeitiger Rückführung gezahlte Vorfälligkeitsentschädigung zurückfordern zu können, ist seit längerer Zeit Gegenstand einer bisweilen emotional geführten Diskussion in Rechtsprechung und Literatur. Der vorliegende Beitrag will zunächst einen Überblick über ausgewählte Aspekte des Widerrufs von Verbraucherdarlehensverträgen geben. Anschließend wird der Frage nachzugehen sein, unter welchen Umständen ein dem Grunde nach gegebenes Widerrufsrecht vor dem Hintergrund der grundlegenden sozialethischen Korrektivnorm des Zivilrechts – dem Grundsatz von Treu und Glauben – ausgeschlossen sein kann. Hierbei werden auch Parallelen zu anderen Konstellationen in der Rechtsprechung zu ziehen sein, in denen Fallgruppen des § 242 BGB zur Anwendung gelangen, um sachgerechte Ergebnisse zu erzielen.
Werteffekte auf die Leerverkaufsrestriktion bei Finanztiteln in Deutschland
Authors: Kiesel Florian , Nohn Yannic , Schiereck Dirk
Published: October 2014

An deutschen Wertpapierbörsen waren gedeckte und ungedeckte Leerverkäufe bis zum 19. 9. 2008 generell zulässig. Durch die Insolvenz der amerikanischen Investmentbank Lehman Brothers am 15. 9. 2008 befürchtete die Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht eine verstärkte Volatilität an den Finanzmärkten und veranlasste am 19. 9. 2008 ein Verbot von ungedeckten Leerverkäufen für 11 Finanztitel. Diese Studie zeigt die Kapitalmarktkonsequenzen der deutschen Leerverkaufsperiode. Es werden verschiedene Risikomaße untersucht, die im Zusammenhang mit der Einführung von Leerverkaufsrestriktionen stehen könnten. Es zeigt sich, dass die erhoffte Wirkung der Leerverkaufsrestriktion in Deutschland ausblieb. Leerverkäufe in Deutschland führten nicht zu einem positiven Werteffekt. Zudem wird gezeigt, dass bei Einführung der Leerverkaufsrestriktion im Jahr 2008 die Volatilität anstieg, womit auch hier das Verbot sein beabsichtigtes Ziel verfehlt hat.
Rechtliche Schranken im Rahmen der Kick-back-Rechtsprechung des BGH
Authors: Kropf Christian
Published: October 2014

In seiner Entscheidung vom 8. 4. 2014 hatte der XI. Zivilsenat des BGH sich mit dem unvermindert bedeutsamen Themenkomplex der Pflicht zur Aufklärung des Anlegers über den Erhalt von Rückvergütungen seitens der beratenden Bank auseinanderzusetzen. Im Rahmen der Entscheidungsgründe urteilte der BGH über die für die Beratungspraxis relevanten Aspekte, wann trotz fehlender Aufklärung über Grund und Höhe erhaltener Rückvergütungen etwaige darauf basierende Schadensersatzansprüche des Anlegers dennoch nicht durchsetzbar sind. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist dabei insbesondere die Frage der Kausalität derartiger Pflichtverletzungen des Beratungsvertrags für die beim Anleger aus der Kapitalanlage entstandenen Schäden sowie das Vorliegen der subjektiven Komponente für den Beginn der Verjährungsfrist. Im Anschluss an die Darstellung und Analyse der Entscheidung werden die Fragen der Verjährung und der Anforderungen an die Widerlegung der Kausalität im Rahmen eines geltend gemachten Schadensersatzanspruchs in Fällen von Rückvergütungen daher eingehender erörtert.
From forager tracks to prey distributions: an application to tuna vessel monitoring systems (VMS)
Authors: Walker Emily , Rivoirard Jacques , Gaspar Philippe , Bez Nicolas
Published: October 2014

In the open ocean, movements of migratory fish populations are typically surveyed using tagging methods that are subject to low sample sizes for archive tags, except for a few notable examples, and poor temporal resolution for conventional tags. Alternatively, one can infer patterns of movement of migratory fish by tracking movements of their predators, i.e., fishing vessels, whose navigational systems (e.g., GPS) provide accurate and frequent VMS (vessel monitoring system) records of movement in pursuit of prey. In this paper, we develop a state‐space model that infers the foraging activities of fishing vessels from their tracks. Second, we link foraging activities to probabilities of tuna presence. Finally, using multivariate geostatistical interpolation (cokriging) we map the probability of tuna presence together with their estimation variances and produce a time series of indices of abundance. While the segmentation of the trajectories is validated by observers' data, the present VMS‐index is compared to catch rate and proved to be useful for management perspectives. The approach reported in this manuscript extends beyond the case study considered. It can be applied to any foragers that engage in an attempt of capture when they see prey and for whom this attempt is linked to a tractable change in behavior.
Physical Self-Concept of Adolescents in Western Balkan Countries: A Pilot Study
Authors: Janić Snežana Radisavljević , Jurak Gregor , Milanović Ivana , Lazarević Dušanka , Kovač Marjeta , Novak Dario
Published: October 2014

The aim of this study was to explore physical self-concept of adolescents of the Western Balkans (Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina) according to sex and country. The participants were 2,606 students, ages 13 and 14 years ( M = 13.5, SD = 0.9). The Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ) was used to assess multidimensional physical self-concept. The results show the interaction of sex and country for three dimensions of physical self-concept (Appearance, Global Physical Self-Concept, and Self-Esteem). It was shown that female and male adolescents' perception of physical appearance, self-esteem, and global physical self-concept is more susceptible to influences of socio-cultural factors in the monitored countries. In all other dimensions of Physical self-concept, sex differences were consistently manifested in favour of male adolescents, except in Flexibility. Regardless of adolescents' sex, under the increasing influence of Western culture in the Western Balkan countries, adolescents more critically evaluate their body and motor abilities.
Free of Volatile Organic Compounds Protection against Moisture in Building Materials/Zabezpieczenia Przegród Budowlanych Przed Wilgocią Wolne Od Lotnych Związków Organicznych
Authors: Suchorab Zbigniew , Barnat-Hunek Danuta , Smarzewski Piotr , Pavlík Zbyšek , Černý Robert
Published: October 2014

The article presents information about moisture protection of building materials. The discussed parameters determining the efficiency of the water protection are material porosity, water absorptivity and surface condition of building materials. Moreover the ecological aspect of hydrophobic VOC-free preparations available on the market has been underlined. The first part of the article is a description of moisture problem in the building envelopes and the possibilities of its prevention. The special attention is put on the electric methods of moisture estimation with a special emphasis on the Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) method. The second part of the article is devoted an experiment of model red-brick walls exhibited on capillary uptake process. For the experiment three model red-brick walls were built and prepared for water uptake process. The experiment was monitored by the capacitive and surface TDR probes thanks to which the necessity of sampling and material destruction could be avoided. Conducted experiments show the progress of water uptake phenomenon in the model walls which differ in type of protection against moisture and prove the potential of the non-invasive measurements using the surface TDR probes. Basic physical parameters of the applied bricks were determined together with the reflectometric measurements. Furthermore, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the hydrophobic layer continuity.
Translocation of Cations During Sorption of Copper in the System Solution - Algae (Spirogyra sp.)/Translokacja Kationów Podczas Procesu Sorpcji Miedzi W Układzie Roztwór - Glony (Spirogyra Sp.)
Authors: Rajfur Małgorzata , Kłos Andrzej , Kříž Jan
Published: October 2014

Kinetics of the sorption of copper cations in Spirogyra sp. algae was analysed, together with the accompanying processes of hydrogen cations sorption and releasing to the solution the cations bonded in the algae: Na+, Mg2+, K+ and Ca2+. It was established that, in a static system, at the fixed proportion of algae mass to the solution volume, these processes occur simultaneously, however presumably the quantity of the released salts influences the parameters of heterophase equilibrium of ion exchange. In the experiment conditions, the quantity of the released cations was nearly 10 times larger than the quantity of the sorbed cations. The equilibrium parameters, determined from the model of pseudo second order reaction, were compared with the parameters obtained after 30 min of the process duration, ie at relatively stable indications of measuring equipment. On the example of the sorbed copper, the difference is approximately 8%. It was confirmed that the solution conductivity is a good parameter for the estimation of the state close to equilibrium.
A Comparison of Methods for the Determination of Cation Exchange Capacity of Soils/Porównanie Metod Oznaczania Pojemności Wymiany Kationów I Sumy Kationów Wymiennych W Glebach
Authors: Jaremko Dawid , Kalembasa Dorota
Published: October 2014

The object of this study was to compare the results obtained with four methods of determination of cation exchange capacity (CEC) and sum of exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K) in soils. One of these methods is Kappen’s method and the others methods are based on different extracting reagents: sodium acetate (pH = 8.2), barium chloride and hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride. Values measured with barium ions and hexaamminecobalt(III) ions as index cations are very comparable and these two methods can be considered as equivalent. Kappen’s method gives overestimated results, especially for acid soils reach in organic matter and very calcareous soils. Sodium acetate, buffering the pH of the extracting solution, causes increase of numbers of negatively charged sites and particularly those bonded to organic matter and for this reason values obtained with this method are overestimated. Nevertheless, it is possible to correct this error for a given soil sample by regression equation considering pH of soil, clay and organic carbon content.
Biodegradable Polymer Composites with Nitrogen- and Phosphorus-Containing Waste Materials as the Fillers/Biodegradowalne Kompozyty Polimerowe Wypełnione Odpadami Zawierającymi Azot I Fosfor
Authors: Treinyte Jolanta , Grazuleviciene Violeta , Ostrauskaite Jolita
Published: October 2014

Composites consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing waste materials were prepared and studied as materials for encapsulation of mineral fertilizers By-products of biodiesel production (rapeseed cake, crude glycerol), horn meal (waste product of haberdashery) and phosphogypsum (by-product of the production of phosphorus fertilizers) were used as the fillers of the composites. The films of the composites with the different amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus were prepared using different fillers or their mixtures. Mechanical, properties of the films, hygroscopicity, solubility in water were studied. The composites developed were used for the encapsulation of mineral fertilizers. It was established that encapsulation resulted in the increase of the time of release of the fertilizers. The developed slow-release fertilizers represent a combination of inorganic and organic compounds. The organic part consists of nitrogen- and phosphorus containing horn meal and rapeseed cake. Since assimilation of organic substances is considerably longer, nitrogen and phosphorus of these components will be available for plants much later than inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus. Thus the composite film will not only decrease the rate of desorption of the components from the granules of the fertilizers but will also prolong the impact of the fertilizers on the plants.
Lagrangian Model for a Single Saltating Grain in the Near-Wall Region of an Open-Channel Flow
Authors: Czernuszenko Włodzimierz
Published: October 2014

A mathematical model for the continuous saltation of a particle near the granular bed in an open-channel flow is developed in detail. The model is based on the Lagrangian equations governing particle motion, and it takes into account the following forces: drag, lift, gravitation, virtual mass and the force responsible for particle-particle interactions. A model of particle-particle collisions is developed and used to determine the mean impulsive force acting upon a particle flowing and rebounding from the channel bed. The model can simulate the continuous saltation trajectories of a single particle in the near-bed region of turbulent flows, in which particle motion is controlled by collisions. The model has been calibrated and verified with available published data in a rather wide range of grain sizes from 0.53 mm to 15 mm. All parameters, such as lift, drag, restitution, friction coefficients and roughness height, have been set on the basis of a reanalysis of these published data.
Body Composition and Kinematic Analysis of the Grab Start in Youth Swimmers
Authors: Alptekin Ahmet
Published: October 2014

The purposes of this study were to compare the kinematic variables in youth swimmers during the grab start between sexes and to investigate the relationship between body composition and kinematic variables of the participants. Six female (Mage = 13.71 ± 0.49 yrs) and seven male (Mage = 14.00 ± 1.07 yrs) swimmers participated in this study. All participants were required to perform grab start tests in random order (three trials by each participant), while the best attempt was analyzed. Nineteen kinematic parameters consisting of block time, flight time, flight distance, total time, total distance, horizontal and vertical displacement of the center of mass (CM) at take-off, horizontal and vertical displacement of the CM at entry, height of take-off and entry, relative height of take-off, horizontal and vertical velocity of the CM at take-off, horizontal and vertical velocity of the CM at entry, angle of take-off, angle of entry and angle of knee at block were analyzed. Out of the 19 evaluated kinematic parameters, a statistical difference between the female and male group was found only in the total distance. Therefore, both female and male groups are considered as only one group and merged after analyzing the results. Statistical analysis showed positive and negative correlations between horizontal / vertical velocity of CM at take-off and several kinematic variables (e.g. angle of entry (rhorizontal = -.868, p=.000 / rvertical = .591, p=.02), total distance (rhorizontal = .594, p=.02 / rvertical = .54, p=.04), and height of take-off (rvertical = .888, p=.000), respectively). On the other hand, positive and negative correlations were found between somatotype components and several kinematic variables (e.g. horizontal displacement of CM at entry (rendomorphy = -.626, p=.013), angle of entry (rmesomorphy = -.686, p=.005 / rectomorphy = .52, p=.047), total distance (rendomorphy = -.626, p=.012), and height of take-off (rendomorphy = -.633, p=.011 / rectomorphy = .515, p=.05)). In conclusion, results show that in order to be successful at grab start performance, a swimmer should target to get higher horizontal velocity of CM at take-off and optimize the angle of take-off so this movement form supplies more total distance to the swimmer. Coaches should consider improving start performance and adding start training to regular training sessions. Moreover, youth male and female swimmers can participate together in the grab start training
The Existence of a Sticking Region in Free Weight Squats
Authors: Tillaar Roland van den , Andersen Vidar , Saeterbakken Atle Hole
Published: October 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the existence of the sticking region in two legged free weight squats. Fifteen resistance-training males (age 24 ± 4 years, body mass 82 ± 11 kg, body height 179 ± 6 cm) with 6 ± 3 years of resistance-training experience performed 6-RM in free weight squats. The last repetition was analyzed for the existence of a sticking region. Only in 10 out of 15 participants a sticking region was observed. The observed sticking region was much shorter than in the bench press. Furthermore, rectus femoris decreased the EMG activity in contrast to increased EMG activity in biceps femoris around the sticking and surrounding region. No significant change in EMG activity was found for the lateral and medial vastus muscles. It is suggested that a combination of these muscle activity changes could be one of the causes of the existence of the sticking region in free weight squats
Biomechanical Analysis of the Jump Shot in Basketball
Authors: Struzik Artur , Pietraszewski Bogdan , Zawadzki Jerzy
Published: October 2014

Basketball players usually score points during the game using the jump shot. For this reason, the jump shot is considered to be the most important element of technique in basketball and requires a high level of performance. The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical characteristics of the lower limbs during a jump shot without the ball and a countermovement jump without an arm swing. The differences between variables provide information about the potential that an athlete can utilise during a game when performing a jump shot. The study was conducted among 20 second-league basketball players by means of a Kistler force plate and the BTS SMART system for motion analysis. The variables measured included the take-off time, mean power, peak power, relative mean power, jump height, maximum landing force and calculated impact ratio. Surprisingly, more advantageous variables were found for the jump shot. This finding suggests a very high performance level in the jump shot in the studied group and a maximum utilisation of their motor abilities. Both types of jumps were characterised by high mean and peak power values and average heights. The high forces at landing, which result in considerable impact ratios, may have prompted the studied group to land softly. Use of the countermovement jump without an arm swing is recommended to assess and predict the progression of player’s jumping ability
Anaerobic and Aerobic Performances in Elite Basketball Players
Authors: Gomes de Araujo Gustavo , Manchado-Gobatto Fúlvia de Barros , Papoti Marcelo , Camargo Bruno Henrique Ferreira , Gobatto Claudio Alexandre
Published: October 2014

The purpose of this study was to propose a specific lactate minimum test for elite basketball players considering the: Running Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) as a hyperlactatemia inductor, short distances (specific distance, 20 m) during progressive intensity and mathematical analysis to interpret aerobic and anaerobic variables. The basketball players were assigned to four groups: All positions (n=26), Guard (n= 7), Forward (n=11) and Center (n=8). The hyperlactatemia elevation (RAST) method consisted of 6 maximum sprints over 35 m separated by 10 s of recovery. The progressive phase of the lactate minimum test consisted of 5 stages controlled by an electronic metronome (8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0 and 12.0 km/h) over a 20 m distance. The RAST variables and the lactate values were analyzed using visual and mathematical models. The intensity of the lactate minimum test, determined by a visual method, reduced in relation to polynomial fits (2nd degree) for the Small Forward positions and General groups. The Power and Fatigue Index values, determined by both methods, visual and 3rd degree polynomial, were not significantly different between the groups. In conclusion, the RAST is an excellent hyperlactatemia inductor and the progressive intensity of lactate minimum test using short distances (20 m) can be specifically used to evaluate the aerobic capacity of basketball players. In addition, no differences were observed between the visual and polynomial methods for RAST variables, but lactate minimum intensity was influenced by the method of analysis