bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Targeting microbial biofilms using Ficin, a nonspecific plant protease
Authors: Baidamshina Diana R. , Trizna Elena Y. , Holyavka Marina G. , Bogachev Mikhail I. , Artyukhov Valeriy G. , Akhatova Farida S. , Rozhina Elvira V. , Fakhrullin Rawil F. , Kayumov Airat R.
Published: April 2017

Biofilms, the communities of surface-attached bacteria embedded into extracellular matrix, are ubiquitous microbial consortia securing the effective resistance of constituent cells to environmental impacts and host immune responses. Biofilm-embedded bacteria are generally inaccessible for antimicrobials, therefore the disruption of biofilm matrix is the potent approach to eradicate microbial biofilms. We demonstrate here the destruction of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms with Ficin, a nonspecific plant protease. The biofilm thickness decreased two-fold after 24 hours treatment with Ficin at 10 μg/ml and six-fold at 1000 μg/ml concentration. We confirmed the successful destruction of biofilm structures and the significant decrease of non-specific bacterial adhesion to the surfaces after Ficin treatment using confocal laser scanning and atomic force microscopy. Importantly, Ficin treatment enhanced the effects of antibiotics on biofilms-embedded cells via disruption of biofilm matrices. Pre-treatment with Ficin (1000 μg/ml) considerably reduced the concentrations of ciprofloxacin and bezalkonium chloride required to suppress the viable Staphylococci by 3 orders of magnitude. We also demonstrated that Ficin is not cytotoxic towards human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF7) and dog adipose derived stem cells. Overall, Ficin is a potent tool for staphylococcal biofilm treatment and fabrication of novel antimicrobial therapeutics for medical and veterinary applications.
Identification of the driving forces of climate change using the longest instrumental temperature record
Authors: Wang Geli , Yang Peicai , Zhou Xiuji
Published: April 2017

The identification of causal effects is a fundamental problem in climate change research. Here, a new perspective on climate change causality is presented using the central England temperature (CET) dataset, the longest instrumental temperature record, and a combination of slow feature analysis and wavelet analysis. The driving forces of climate change were investigated and the results showed two independent degrees of freedom —a 3.36-year cycle and a 22.6-year cycle, which seem to be connected to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation cycle and the Hale sunspot cycle, respectively. Moreover, these driving forces were modulated in amplitude by signals with millennial timescales.
Large-scale SNP discovery and construction of a high-density genetic map of Colossoma macropomum through genotyping-by-sequencing
Authors: Nunes José de Ribamar da Silva , Liu Shikai , Pértille Fábio , Perazza Caio Augusto , Villela Priscilla Marqui Schmidt , de Almeida-Val Vera Maria Fonseca , Hilsdorf Alexandre Wagner Silva , Liu Zhanjiang , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann
Published: April 2017

Colossoma macropomum, or tambaqui, is the largest native Characiform species found in the Amazon and Orinoco river basins, yet few resources for genetic studies and the genetic improvement of tambaqui exist. In this study, we identified a large number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for tambaqui and constructed a high-resolution genetic linkage map from a full-sib family of 124 individuals and their parents using the genotyping by sequencing method. In all, 68,584 SNPs were initially identified using minimum minor allele frequency (MAF) of 5%. Filtering parameters were used to select high-quality markers for linkage analysis. We selected 7,734 SNPs for linkage mapping, resulting in 27 linkage groups with a minimum logarithm of odds (LOD) of 8 and maximum recombination fraction of 0.35. The final genetic map contains 7,192 successfully mapped markers that span a total of 2,811 cM, with an average marker interval of 0.39 cM. Comparative genomic analysis between tambaqui and zebrafish revealed variable levels of genomic conservation across the 27 linkage groups which allowed for functional SNP annotations. The large-scale SNP discovery obtained here, allowed us to build a high-density linkage map in tambaqui, which will be useful to enhance genetic studies that can be applied in breeding programs.
Correction: Corrigendum: Simultaneous high-speed imaging and optogenetic inhibition in the intact mouse brain
Authors: Bovetti Serena , Moretti Claudio , Zucca Stefano , Dal Maschio Marco , Bonifazi Paolo , Fellin Tommaso
Published: April 2017

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 40041; published online: 05 January 2017; updated: 07 April 2017. The Acknowledgements section in this Article is incomplete. “We thank J. Assad and M. Histed for comments on a previous version of the manuscript; V. Jayaraman, J. Akerboom, R. A. Kerr, D. S. Kim,L.
Characterization and genomic analyses of two newly isolated Morganella phages define distant members among Tevenvirinae and Autographivirinae subfamilies
Authors: Oliveira Hugo , Pinto Graça , Oliveira Ana , Noben Jean-Paul , Hendrix Hanne , Lavigne Rob , Łobocka Małgorzata , Kropinski Andrew M. , Azeredo Joana
Published: April 2017

Morganella morganii is a common but frequent neglected environmental opportunistic pathogen which can cause deadly nosocomial infections. The increased number of multidrug-resistant M. morganii isolates motivates the search for alternative and effective antibacterials. We have isolated two novel obligatorily lytic M. morganii bacteriophages (vB_MmoM_MP1, vB_MmoP_MP2) and characterized them with respect to specificity, morphology, genome organization and phylogenetic relationships. MP1’s dsDNA genome consists of 163,095 bp and encodes 271 proteins, exhibiting low DNA (<40%) and protein (<70%) homology to other members of the Tevenvirinae. Its unique property is a >10 kb chromosomal inversion that encompass the baseplate assembly and head outer capsid synthesis genes when compared to other T-even bacteriophages. MP2 has a dsDNA molecule with 39,394 bp and encodes 55 proteins, presenting significant genomic (70%) and proteomic identity (86%) but only to Morganella bacteriophage MmP1. MP1 and MP2 are then novel members of Tevenvirinae and Autographivirinae, respectively, but differ significantly from other tailed bacteriophages of these subfamilies to warrant proposing new genera. Both bacteriophages together could propagate in 23 of 27 M. morganii clinical isolates of different origin and antibiotic resistance profiles, making them suitable for further studies on a development of bacteriophage cocktail for potential therapeutic applications.
Elemental classification of the tusks of dugong (Dugong dugong) by HH-XRF analysis and comparison with other species
Authors: Nganvongpanit Korakot , Buddhachat Kittisak , Piboon Promporn , Euppayo Thippaporn , Kaewmong Patcharaporn , Cherdsukjai Phaothep , Kittiwatanawong Kongkiat , Thitaram Chatchote
Published: April 2017

The elemental composition was investigated and applied for identifying the sex and habitat of dugongs, in addition to distinguishing dugong tusks and teeth from other animal wildlife materials such as Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) tusks and tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) canine teeth. A total of 43 dugong tusks, 60 dugong teeth, 40 dolphin teeth, 1 whale tooth, 40 Asian elephant tusks and 20 tiger canine teeth were included in the study. Elemental analyses were conducted using a handheld X-ray fluorescence analyzer (HH-XRF). There was no significant difference in the elemental composition of male and female dugong tusks, whereas the overall accuracy for identifying habitat (the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand) was high (88.1%). Dolphin teeth were able to be correctly predicted 100% of the time. Furthermore, we demonstrated a discrepancy in elemental composition among dugong tusks, Asian elephant tusks and tiger canine teeth, and provided a high correct prediction rate among these species of 98.2%. Here, we demonstrate the feasible use of HH-XRF for preliminary species classification and habitat determination prior to using more advanced techniques such as molecular biology.
Bond cleavage of lignin model compounds into aromatic monomers using supported metal catalysts in supercritical water
Authors: Yamaguchi Aritomo , Mimura Naoki , Shirai Masayuki , Sato Osamu
Published: April 2017

More efficient use of lignin carbon is necessary for carbon-efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. Conversion of lignin into valuable aromatic compounds requires the cleavage of C–O ether bonds and C–C bonds between lignin monomer units. The catalytic cleavage of C–O bonds is still challenging, and cleavage of C–C bonds is even more difficult. Here, we report cleavage of the aromatic C–O bonds in lignin model compounds using supported metal catalysts in supercritical water without adding hydrogen gas and without causing hydrogenation of the aromatic rings. The cleavage of the C–C bond in bibenzyl was also achieved with Rh/C as a catalyst. Use of this technique may greatly facilitate the conversion of lignin into valuable aromatic compounds.
Magnesium Ethylenediamine Borohydride as Solid-State Electrolyte for Magnesium Batteries
Authors: Roedern Elsa , Kühnel Ruben-Simon , Remhof Arndt , Battaglia Corsin
Published: April 2017

Solid-state magnesium ion conductors with exceptionally high ionic conductivity at low temperatures, 5 × 10−8 Scm−1 at 30 °C and 6 × 10−5 Scm−1 at 70 °C, are prepared by mechanochemical reaction of magnesium borohydride and ethylenediamine. The coordination complexes are crystalline, support cycling in a potential window of 1.2 V, and allow magnesium plating/stripping. While the electrochemical stability, limited by the ethylenediamine ligand, must be improved to reach competitive energy densities, our results demonstrate that partially chelated Mg2+ complexes represent a promising platform for the development of an all-solid-state magnesium battery.
Sequential Exposure to Obesogenic Factors in Females Rats: From Physiological Changes to Lipid Metabolism in Liver and Mesenteric Adipose Tissue
Authors: Novelle Marta G. , Vázquez María J. , Peinado Juan R. , Martinello Kátia D. , López Miguel , Luckman Simon M. , Tena-Sempere Manuel , Malagón María M. , Nogueiras Rubén , Diéguez Carlos
Published: April 2017

During their lifetime, females are subjected to different nutritional and hormonal factors that could increase the risk of obesity and associated comorbidities. From early postnatal periods until the postmenopausal phase, exposure to over nutrition, high-energy diet and oestrogen deficiency, are considered as significant obesity risk factors in women. In this study, we assessed how key transitional life events and exposure to different nutrition influence energy homeostasis in a rat model. Specifically, we assessed the sequential exposure to postnatal over nutrition, high-fat diet (HFD) after weaning, followed later by ovariectomy (OVX; as a model of menopause). Each obesity risk factor increased significantly body weight (BW) and adiposity, with additive effects after sequential exposure. Increased energy intake in both HFD and/or OVX groups, and decreased locomotor activity and energy expenditure after OVX can explain these metabolic changes. Our study also documents decreased lipogenic pathway in mesenteric adipose tissue after HFD and/or OVX, independent of previous postnatal programming, yet only HFD evoked this effect in liver. In addition, we report an increase in the expression of the hepatic PEPCK depending on previous metabolic status. Overall, our results identify the impact of different risk factors, which will help in understanding the development of obesity in females.
Exogenous Streptococcus pneumoniae Endophthalmitis in Diabetic Rabbits
Authors: Benton Angela H. , Fulton Linda K. , Marquart Mary E.
Published: April 2017

Diabetics are at increased risk for eye infections including bacterial endophthalmitis. It is unclear whether the severity of endophthalmitis is greater in these patients due to confounding factors such as pre-existing ocular diseases in some but not others. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that disease severity and/or bacterial loads would be significantly higher in a Type I diabetic rabbit model of Streptococcus pneumoniae endophthalmitis. Rabbits were treated with alloxan to destroy pancreatic islet cells, or mock-treated with vehicle, and maintained for 10 days before intravitreal infection with S. pneumoniae E353. Clinical scoring of the eyes was performed 24 and 48 hours after infection, followed by euthanasia and vitreous harvest to quantitate bacterial loads. There were no significant differences in clinical scores (P ≥ 0.440) or bacterial loads (P = 0.736), however, 4/12 (33%) of the diabetic rabbits became bacteremic. This finding not only indicates a breakdown in the blood-ocular barrier, but also prompts further investigation into the exploitation of the diabetic eye by the streptococci.
Correction: Corrigendum: CD16 is indispensable for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by human monocytes
Authors: Yeap Wei Hseun , Wong Kok Loon , Shimasaki Noriko , Teo Esmeralda Chi Yuan , Quek Jeffrey Kim Siang , Yong Hao Xiang , Diong Colin Phipps , Bertoletti Antonio , Linn Yeh Ching , Wong Siew Cheng
Published: April 2017

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 34310; published online 27 September 2016; updated: 07 April 2017. This Article contains errors in Figure 3, which was inadvertently split in two, resulting in the omission of Figure 7 and the mislabelling of Figures 4, 5 and 6. The correct Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 appear below as Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively.
Association between assisted reproductive technology and the risk of autism spectrum disorders in the offspring: a meta-analysis
Authors: liu Liang , Gao Junwei , He Xie , Cai Yulong , Wang Lian , Fan Xiaotang
Published: April 2017

The association between the use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk in offspring has been explored in several studies, but the result is still inconclusive. We assessed the risk of ASD in offspring in relation to ART by conducting a meta-analysis. A literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Knowledge databases through April 30, 2016 was conducted to identify all the relevant records. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were computed to analyze the strength of association by using fixed- or random-effect models based on heterogeneity test in total and subgroup analyses. Analysis of the total 11 records (3 cohort studies and 8 case-control studies) revealed that the use of ART is associated with higher percentage of ASD (RR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.09–1.68, P = 0.007). In addition, subgroup analyses based on study design, study location and study quality were conducted, and some subgroups also showed a statistically significant association. Our study indicated that the use of ART may associated with higher risk of ASD in the offspring. However, further prospective, large, and high-quality studies are still required.
Thermionic Energy Conversion Based on Graphene van der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Liang Shi-Jun , Liu Bo , Hu Wei , Zhou Kun , Ang L. K.
Published: April 2017

Seeking for thermoelectric (TE) materials with high figure of merit (or ZT), which can directly converts low-grade wasted heat (400 to 500 K) into electricity, has been a big challenge. Inspired by the concept of multilayer thermionic devices, we propose and design a solid-state thermionic devices (as a power generator or a refrigerator) in using van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure sandwiched between two graphene electrodes, to achieve high energy conversion efficiency in the temperature range of 400 to 500 K. The vdW heterostructure is composed of suitable multiple layers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as MoS2, MoSe2, WS2 and WSe2. From our calculations, WSe2 and MoSe2 are identified as two ideal TMDs (using the reported experimental material’s properties), which can harvest waste heat at 400 K with efficiencies about 7% to 8%. To our best knowledge, this design is the first in combining the advantages of graphene electrodes and TMDs to function as a thermionic-based device.
PLGA-based dual targeted nanoparticles enhance miRNA transfection efficiency in hepatic carcinoma
Authors: Cai Chenlei , Xie Yuexia , Wu liangliang , Chen Xiaojing , Liu Hongmei , Zhou Yan , Zou Hanbing , Liu Dejun , Zhao Yanan , Kong Xianming , Liu Peifeng
Published: April 2017

Hepatic carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal disease associated with high morbidity and poor prognosis. Recently years, gene therapies have offered novel modalities to improve the prognosis of HCC patients. MicroRNA-99a (miR-99a) is frequently down-regulated in HCC, where it acts as a tumor suppressor. Therefore, we constructed monomethoxy (polyethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)-poly(L-lysine)-lactobionic acid- anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody (mPEG-PLGA-PLL-LA/VEGFab or PEAL-LA/VEGFab) nanoparticles (NPs) with highly specific targeting properties as carriers to restore the expression of miR-99a both in vitro and in vivo, to inhibit HCC progression. In vitro, PEAL-LA/VEGFab NPs showed more efficient delivery of miR-99a to HepG2 cells than the conventional transfection reagent LipofectamineTM2000 (Lip2000). The higher delivery efficiency associated with PEAL-LA/VEGFab NPs consequently resulted in down-regulation of target genes and suppression of the proliferation, migration and invasion of HepG2 cells. In vivo, miR-99a-PEAL-LA/VEGFab NPs inhibited tumor xenograft growth in HCC-bearing mice without causing obvious systemic toxicity. Our results demonstrate that PEAL-LA/VEGFab NPs selectively and effectively deliver miR-99a to HCC cells based on the double-targeting character of these nanoparticles, thereby offering potential for translation into effective clinical therapies for HCC.
Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap for Head and Neck Defects in the Era of Free Flaps: Harvesting Technique and Indications
Authors: Liu Muyuan , Liu Weiwei , Yang Xihong , Guo Haipeng , Peng Hanwei
Published: April 2017

The role of the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMF) in head and neck reconstruction is challenged recently due to its natural drawbacks and the popularity of free flaps. This study was designed to evaluate the indications and reliability of using a PMMF in the current free flap era based on a single center experience. The PMMF was harvested as a pedicle-skeletonized flap, with its skin paddle caudally and medially to the areola, including the third intercostal perforator, preserving the upper one third of the pectoralis major muscle. The harvested flap was passed via a submuscular tunnel over the clavicle. One hundred eighteen PMMFs were used in 114 patients, of which 76 were high-risk candidates for a free flap; 8 patients underwent total glossectomy, and 30 underwent salvage or emergency reconstruction. Major complications occurred in 4 patients and minor complications developed in 10. Tracheal extubation was possible in all cases, while oral intake was possible in all but 1 case. These techniques used in harvesting a PMMF significantly overcome its natural pitfalls. PMMFs can safely be used in head and neck cancer patients who need salvage reconstruction, who are high risk for free flaps, and who need large volume soft-tissue flaps.
Profiling the neutralizing antibody response in chronically HIV-1 CRF07_BC-infected intravenous drug users naïve to antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Hu Xintao , Hu Yuanyuan , Zhao Chunhong , Gao Hongmei , Greene Kelli M. , Ren Li , Ma Liying , Ruan Yuhua , Sarzotti-Kelsoe Marcella , Montefiori David C. , Hong Kunxue , Shao Yiming
Published: April 2017

Characterizing neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses in individuals infected with diverse HIV-1 strains is necessary to reveal the novel targets for regional preventive and therapeutic strategies development. We evaluated the prevalence, breadth, and potency of NAb responses in 98 CRF07_BC-infected individuals using a large, multi-subtype panel of 30 tier 2-3 Env-pseudotyped viruses. Furthermore, we compared the neutralization pattern of CRF07_BC-infected people with that of subtype B’-infected individuals in China. Of the 98 plasma samples tested, 18% neutralized more than 80% of viruses in the panel, and 53% neutralized more than 50%, suggesting the presence of broadly NAbs in these individuals. A preferential intra-subtype neutralization of CRF07_BC was found. Notably, CRF07_BC-infected individuals generated higher neutralization titers against intra-subtype viruses than subtype B’-infected individuals with longer infection length. However, subtype B’-infected individuals mounted broader neutralization responses against inter-subtype viruses than CRF07_BC infection with shorter infection time, indicating the transition from narrow autologous to broad heterologous neutralization over time. Neutralization activity of the top six plasmas from each cohort was attributable to IgG fraction, and half of them developed CD4 binding site antibody reactivity. Heatmap analysis identified three statistically robust clusters of plasmas that offer valuable resources for further in-depth virological and immunological study.
Genome-Wide Methylation Analysis Identifies Specific Epigenetic Marks In Severely Obese Children
Authors: Fradin Delphine , Boëlle Pierre-Yves , Belot Marie-Pierre , Lachaux Fanny , Tost Jorg , Besse Céline , Deleuze Jean-François , De Filippo Gianpaolo , Bougnères Pierre
Published: April 2017

Obesity is a heterogeneous disease with many different subtypes. Epigenetics could contribute to these differences. The aim of this study was to investigate genome-wide DNA methylation searching for methylation marks associated with obesity in children and adolescents. We studied DNA methylation profiles in whole blood cells from 40 obese children and controls using Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips. After correction for cell heterogeneity and multiple tests, we found that compared to lean controls, 31 CpGs are differentially methylated in obese patients. A greatest proportion of these CpGs is hypermethylated in obesity and located in CpG shores regions. We next focused on severely obese children and identified 151 differentially methylated CpGs among which 10 with a difference in methylation greater than 10%. The top pathways enriched among the identified CpGs included the “IRS1 target genes” and several pathways in cancer diseases. This study represents the first effort to search for differences in methylation in obesity and severe obesity, which may help understanding these different forms of obesity and their complications.
Electrochemical synthesis of phosphorus-doped graphene quantum dots for free radical scavenging
Authors: Li Yan , Li Sen , Wang Yingmin , Wang Jun , Liu Hui , Liu Xinqian , Wang Lifeng , Liu Xiaoguang , Xue Wendong , Ma Ning
Published: April 2017

In this work, phosphorus-doped graphene quantum dots (P-GQDs) with a high phosphorus doping content (>7 at%) are synthesized via an electrochemical approach.
A metabolomic study on high-risk stroke patients determines low levels of serum lysine metabolites: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Yeseung , Khan Adnan , Hong Seri , Jee Sun Ha , Park Youngja H.
Published: April 2017

Metabolic alteration at early neurological deterioration during cerebral ischemia.
Zwitterionic liquid (ZIL) coated CuO as an efficient catalyst for the green synthesis of bis-coumarin derivatives via one-pot multi-component reactions using mechanochemistry
Authors: Mayank Mayank , Singh Amanpreet , Raj Pushap , Kaur Randeep , Singh Ajnesh , Kaur Navneet , Singh Narinder
Published: April 2017

ZIL@CuO1–3were developed as a catalyst for the synthesis of bis-coumarins under environmentally benign conditions. Mechanochemistry induced synthesis of bis-coumarin derivatives with more than 90% yield was accomplished.
Design structure for CePr mixed oxide catalysts in soot combustion
Authors: Fan Lijia , Xi Kang , Zhou Ying , Zhu Qiulian , Chen Yinfei , Lu Hanfeng
Published: April 2017

A “molten state” appeared during heat treatment of CePr synthesized by a solid-phase grinding method with nitrates as precursors, which rapidly dispersed Ce and Pr. Therefore, CePr catalysts with different structures can be prepared, with catalytic activities independent of grinding time.
Coupling functionalized cobalt ferrite nanoparticle enrichment with online LC/MS/MS for top-down phosphoproteomics
Authors: Chen Bifan , Hwang Leekyoung , Ochowicz William , Lin Ziqing , Guardado-Alvarez Tania M. , Cai Wenxuan , Xiu Lichen , Dani Kunal , Colah Cyrus , Jin Song , Ge Ying
Published: April 2017

An integrated top-down phosphoproteomics strategy enabled by functionalized cobalt ferrite nanoparticle enrichment and online LC/MS/MS for identification, quantification, and characterization of low abundance phosphoproteins is presented.
FAPb1−xSnxI3mixed metal halide perovskites with improved light harvesting and stability for efficient planar heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Liu Jiang , Wang Gang , Song Zhen , He Xulin , Luo Kun , Ye Qinyan , Liao Cheng , Mei Jun
Published: April 2017

FA-based perovskite devices with reduced Pb contents were prepared.
Analysis of changes in the glycan composition of serum, cytosol and membrane glycoprotein biomarkers of colorectal cancer using a lectin-based protein microarray
Authors: Zámorová Martina , Holazová Alena , Miljuš Goran , Robajac Dragana , Šunderić Miloš , Malenković Vesna , Đukanović Blagoje , Gemeiner Peter , Katrlík Jaroslav , Nedić Olgica
Published: April 2017

Altered protein glycosylation as cancer biomarker can be effectively monitored by lectin-based protein microarray.
A user-friendly guide to the optimum ultraviolet photolithographic exposure and greyscale dose of SU-8 photoresist on common MEMS, microsystems, and microelectronics coatings and materials
Authors: Gaudet Matthieu , Arscott Steve
Published: April 2017

We provide here a user-friendly guide to find the optimumi-line (365 nm) photolithographic exposure dose of an arbitrary thickness of SU-8 on various substrate materials and thin film coatings used in MEMS, microsystems and microelectronics technologies: semiconductors, 2D materials (graphene and MoS2) plastics, glass, metals and ceramics.
Design of anion-selective PET probes based on azacryptands: the effect of pH on binding and fluorescence properties
Authors: Mittapalli Ramana R. , Namashivaya Siva S. R. , Oshchepkov Aleksandr S. , Kuczyńska Ewa , Kataev Evgeny A.
Published: April 2017

Design of PET probes for anions working in a buffered solution is described. Fluorescent probes for sulfate and pyrophosphate were developed.
Direct observation of methoxycarbonylnitrene
Authors: Li Hongmin , Wu Zhuang , Li Dingqing , Wan Huabin , Xu Jian , Abe Manabu , Zeng Xiaoqing
Published: April 2017

Methoxycarbonylnitrene CH3OC(O)N, the missing link in the frequently studied Curtius-rearrangement of CH3OC(O)N has been directly observed by using matrix-isolation IR and EPR spectroscopy.
Atomistic modeling to investigate the favored composition for metallic glass formation in the Ca–Mg–Ni ternary system
Authors: Zhao S. , Li J. H. , An S. M. , Li S. N. , Liu B. X.
Published: April 2017

A realistic interatomic potential was first constructed for the Ca–Mg–Ni system and then applied to Monte Carlo simulations to predict the favored composition for metallic glass formation in the ternary system.
The behavior of a paramagnetic system in electric and magnetic fields as exemplified by revisiting Li@B10H14
Authors: Medved' Miroslav , Demissie Taye B. , McKee Michael L. , Hnyk Drahomír
Published: April 2017

The spin-density plot of the unusual paramagnetic Li@B10H14 complex that reflects its behavior both in electric and magnetic fields.
Modulating the electronic structure of lanthanum manganite by ruthenium doping for enhanced photocatalytic water oxidation
Authors: Patra Anindya Sundar , Gogoi Gaurangi , Sahu Ranjan Kumar , Qureshi Mohammad
Published: April 2017

The first report of Ru doped LaMnO3 for efficient photocatalytic water oxidation and dye degradation.
Bipolar resistive switching with negative differential resistance effect in a Cu/BaTiO3/Ag device
Authors: Wei L. J. , Yuan Y. , Wang J. , Tu H. Q. , Gao Y. , You B. , Du J.
Published: April 2017

We demonstrate that a bipolar non-volatile resistive switching behaviour with negative differential resistance (NDR) effect is realized in a Cu/BaTiO3/Ag device, which was deposited on a Si substrate via magnetron sputtering equipment.
A family of rhodium and iridium complexes with semirigid benzylsilyl phosphines: from bidentate to tetradentate coordination modes
Authors: Corona-González María Vicky , Zamora-Moreno Julio , Cuevas-Chávez Cynthia A. , Rufino-Felipe Ernesto , Mothes-Martin Emmanuelle , Coppel Yannick , Muñoz-Hernández Miguel A. , Vendier Laure , Flores-Alamo Marcos , Grellier Mary , Sabo-Etienne Sylviane , Montiel-Palma Virginia
Published: April 2017

Rh and Ir coordination of phosphines with 1 to 3 Si–H groups.
Exploring micropollutant biotransformation in three freshwater phytoplankton species
Authors: Stravs Michael A. , Pomati Francesco , Hollender Juliane
Published: April 2017

Biotransformation was studied for 24 organic micropollutants in three phytoplankton species, revealing 14 transformation products for 10 compounds.
Elucidating “screw dislocation”-driven film formation of sodium thiosulphate with complex hierarchical molecular assembly
Authors: Dwivedi Deepak , Lepkova Katerina , Becker Thomas , Rowles Matthew R.
Published: April 2017

Sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3) films were synthesized on carbon steel substrates through solution deposition, and a film formation growth mechanism is delineated in detail herein. Dislocation-driven film formation took place at the lower concentration of Na2S2O3(0.1 M) studied, where screw dislocation loops were identified. Interestingly, we observed the co-existence of screw dislocation spiral loops and hierarchically-ordered molecular assembly in the film, and showed the importance of hierarchical morphology in the origin of screw dislocation. The screw dislocation loops were, however, distorted at the higher studied concentration of Na2S2O3(0.5 M), and no hierarchical structures were formed. The mechanisms of film formation are discussed in detail and provide new insights into our understanding regarding morphology of the hierarchical molecular assembly, screw dislocation loop formation, and the role of chemical elements for their development. The main crystalline and amorphous phases in the surface films were identified as pyrite/mackinawite and magnetite. As sodium thiosulphate is widely used for energy, corrosion inhibition, nanoparticle synthesis and catalysis applications, the knowledge generated in this study is applicable to the fields of corrosion, materials science, materials chemistry and metallurgy.
A scalable self-priming fractal branching microchannel net chip for digital PCR
Authors: Zhu Qiangyuan , Xu Yanan , Qiu Lin , Ma Congcong , Yu Bingwen , Song Qi , Jin Wei , Jin Qinhan , Liu Jinyu , Mu Ying
Published: April 2017

A scalable self-priming fractal branching microchannel net chip for digital PCR is developed for the first time.
A structural bioinformatics investigation on protein–DNA complexes delineates their modes of interaction
Authors: Gardini Simone , Furini Simone , Santucci Annalisa , Niccolai Neri
Published: April 2017

A non-redundant dataset of 629 protein–DNA complexes has been used to investigate on amino acid composition of protein-DNA interfaces. Structural proteins, transcription factors and DNA-related enzymes show specific patterns accounting for different modes of their interaction with DNA.
Design of a ligand for cancer imaging with long blood circulation and an enhanced accumulation ability in tumors
Authors: Nakhaei Elnaz , Kim Chan Woo , Funamoto Daiki , Sato Hikari , Nakamura Yuta , Kishimura Akihiro , Mori Takeshi , Katayama Yoshiki
Published: April 2017

Palmitoyl modification on a folate–fluorophore conjugate can induce long blood circulation through non-covalent binding to serum albumin.
PAIN-less identification and evaluation of small molecule inhibitors against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B
Authors: Nasiri Hamid R. , Mracek Philipp , Grimm Steffen K. , Gastaldello Janine , Kolodzik Adrian , Ullmann Dirk
Published: April 2017

A miniaturized assay was set up to test a set of natural products against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). By using several read-out and counter assays, berberine and palmatine were identified as PAINS (pan-assay interference compounds) and α-TOS as a novel inhibitor of PTP1B.
CC/B–N substitution in five membered heterocycles. A computational analysis
Authors: Dixit Vaibhav A. , Goundry William R. F. , Tomasi Simone
Published: April 2017

Novel five-membered azaboroles are aromatic, stable under neutral conditions, isomer stabilization energy is explained using σ-bond and aromatic stabilization energies.
Direct synthesis of 2-sulfonated 9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles via NaI-catalyzed cascade radical addition/cyclization/isomerization
Authors: Zhang Pengbo , Gao Yuzhen , Chen Su , Tang Guo , Zhao Yufen
Published: April 2017

An efficient approach for the synthesis of 2-sulfonated 9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles via a NaI-catalyzed sulfonyl-radical-involved cascade cyclization–isomerization process is described.
Water desalination using nano screw pumps with a considerable processing rate
Authors: Wang LiYa , Wu HengAn , Wang FengChao
Published: April 2017

The nano screw pump is used for water desalination while maintaining a considerable, fast water flow.
Effects of including electron-withdrawing atoms on the physical and photovoltaic properties of indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene-based donor–acceptor polymers: towards an acceptor design for efficient polymer solar cells
Authors: Cai Ping , Xu Xiaofeng , Sun Jiangman , Chen Junwu , Cao Yong
Published: April 2017

Three new D–A polymers using indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene (IDTT) as an electron-rich unit and benzoxadiazole (BO), benzodiathiazole (BT) or difluorobenzothiadiazole (FBT) as an electron-deficient unit were synthesized and applied in solar cells.
Studies of granular bed filter for dust removal in the process of coal pyrolysis by solid heat carrier
Authors: Zhang Ya-Qing , Liang Peng , Yu Juan , Zhu Jia-Long , Qin Xi-Zhuang
Published: April 2017

The dust removal mechanism of granular bed filter for hot coal pyrolysis volatiles includes inertial collision, settlement, interception and diffusion.
Temperature-dependence studies of organolead halide perovskite-based metal/semiconductor/metal photodetectors
Authors: Wang Yucheng , Zhang Yuming , Liu Yintao , Pang Tiqiang , Hu Ziyang , Zhu Yuejin , Luan Suzhen , Jia Renxu
Published: April 2017

In this paper, polycrystalline perovskite (CH3NH3PbIxCl3−x) photodetectors with a structure of Au/CH3NH3PbIxCl3−x/Au are prepared and are shown to have good performance.
High ion-conducting solid polymer electrolytes based on blending hybrids derived from monoamine and diamine polyethers for lithium solid-state batteries
Authors: Liu Ta-Ming , Saikia Diganta , Ho Sze-Yuan , Chen Ming-Chou , Kao Hsien-Ming
Published: April 2017

The blended hybrid solid polymer electrolyte possessed a high ionic conductivity value of 1.2 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 30 °C.
A halotolerant aldose reductase from Debaryomyces nepalensis: gene isolation, overexpression and biochemical characterization
Authors: Paidimuddala Bhaskar , Krishna Aradhyam Gopala , N. Gummadi Sathyanarayana
Published: April 2017

Aldose reductase (AR) catalyzes the conversion of aldoses to polyols, the natural sugar substitutes. Here we provide gene sequence and characteristics of the first-ever halotolerant AR which could be exploited as a potential biocatalyst.
Phase stability, elastic and electronic properties of Hf–Rh intermetallic compounds from first-principles calculations
Authors: Wang Mingliang , Xia Cunjuan , Wu Yi , Chen Dong , Chen Zhe , Ma Naiheng , Wang Haowei
Published: April 2017

The calculated bulk modulus has a linear relationship with the atomic concentration of Rh in the binary Hf–Rh compounds.
Supramolecular interactions via hydrogen bonding contributing to citric-acid derived carbon dots with high quantum yield and sensitive photoluminescence
Authors: Zhang Wenkai , Shi Lijuan , Liu Yingqiu , Meng Xianrui , Xu Hao , Xu Yuanqing , Liu Baoying , Fang Xiaomin , Li Hai-Bei , Ding Tao
Published: April 2017

Fluorophores coupled with supramolecules lead to “dot” topologies in citric-acid derived carbon dots under the effect of hydrogen bonding.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of cobalt sulphide nanoparticle clusters on activated graphene foam for electrochemical supercapacitors
Authors: Masikhwa Tshifhiwa Moureen , Madito Moshawe Jack , Bello Abdulhakeem , Lekitima Joel , Manyala Ncholu
Published: April 2017

Microwave-assisted synthesis of cobalt sulphide (Co9S8) nanoparticles clusters on activated graphene foam (AGF) with high specific capacitance of 1150 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 as an electrode (Co9S8/AGF) for electrochemical supercapacitor applications.
Gold–tin co-sensitized ZnO layered porous nanocrystals: enhanced responses and anti-humidity
Authors: Yao Ming-Shui , Cao Lin-An , Hou Guo-Lin , Cai Min-Lan , Xiu Jing-Wei , Fang Chen-Hao , Yuan Fang-Li , Chen Yun-Fa
Published: April 2017

Gold–tin co-sensitized ZnO layered porous nanocrystals were synthesized and performed enhanced responses and significantly reduced negative effects of RH on responses to both reducing and oxidizing gases (good anti-humidity).
Safer-by-design hybrid nanostructures: an alternative to conventional titanium dioxide UV filters in skin care products
Authors: Shandilya N. , Capron I.
Published: April 2017

Experimental synthesis of TiO2nanoparticlesviasafer-by-design approach to minimize their exposure risks.
Reversible on-surface wiring of resistive circuits
Authors: Inkpen Michael S. , Leroux Yann R. , Hapiot Philippe , Campos Luis M. , Venkataraman Latha
Published: April 2017

Single-molecule circuits are assembled and disassembled using reversible surface-based reactions, and characterized with the scanning tunnelling microscope-based break junction technique.
Synthetic control and empirical prediction of redox potentials for Co4O4 cubanes over a 1.4 V range: implications for catalyst design and evaluation of high-valent intermediates in water oxidation
Authors: Nguyen Andy I. , Wang Jianing , Levine Daniel S. , Ziegler Micah S. , Tilley T. Don
Published: April 2017

The oxo-cobalt cubane unit [Co4O4] is of interest as a homogeneous oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) catalyst, and as a functional mimic of heterogeneous cobalt oxide OER catalysts.
A 2-aza-Cope reactivity-based platform for ratiometric fluorescence imaging of formaldehyde in living cells
Authors: Brewer Thomas F. , Burgos-Barragan Guillermo , Wit Niek , Patel Ketan J. , Chang Christopher J.
Published: April 2017

We present the first ratiometric fluorescent probes for formaldehyde, a major reactive species in biology, operating in the visible region.
Systematic variation of the optical bandgap in titanium based isoreticular metal–organic frameworks for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 under blue light
Authors: Logan Matthew W. , Ayad Suliman , Adamson Jeremy D. , Dilbeck Tristan , Hanson Kenneth , Uribe-Romo Fernando J.
Published: April 2017

N-alkyl substitution–from methyl to heptyl–in isoreticular MIL-125-NH2 MOFs induces a stepwise decrease in the optical bandgap, while increasing CO2 photoreduction efficiencies.
Facile synthesis of metal hydroxide nanoplates and their application as lithium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Lee Dong Jun , Yu Seung-Ho , Lee Hyeon Seok , Jin Aihua , Lee Jisoo , Lee Ji Eun , Sung Yung-Eun , Hyeon Taeghwan
Published: April 2017

We report a facile approach to synthesize hexagon-shaped nanoplates of various metal (oxy)hydroxides under aqueous solutions while avoiding complex processes.
Quadruple metal-based layered structure as the photocatalyst for conversion of carbon dioxide into a value added carbon monoxide with high selectivity and efficiency
Authors: Kim Keon-Han , Kim Sangjun , Moon Byeong Cheul , Choi Jae Won , Jeong Hyung Mo , Kwon Youngkook , Kwon Sunil , Choi Hwa Seob , Kang Jeung Ku
Published: April 2017

We report the quadruple metals-based layered structure giving a high selectivity close to 100% and a significantly improved efficiency for photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to CO compared to bi or tri metals-based layered ones.
UV-curable fluoropolymers crosslinked with functional fluorescent dyes: the way to multifunctional thin-film luminescent solar concentrators
Authors: Pintossi Diego , Colombo Alessia , Levi Marinella , Dragonetti Claudia , Turri Stefano , Griffini Gianmarco
Published: April 2017

Co-crosslinking a luminescent dye with a photo-curable fluorinated polymer allows highly stable multifunctional thin-film luminescent solar concentrators to be obtained.
Facile synthesis of self-supported Mn3O4@C nanotube arrays constituting an ultrastable and high-rate anode for flexible Li-ion batteries
Authors: Lu Bin , Liu Jun , Hu Renzong , Wang Hui , Liu Jiangwen , Zhu Min
Published: April 2017

An anode of self-supported Mn3O4@C nanotube arrays has been fabricated by a simple solution route which shows superior electrochemical performance.
Metal–organic framework-templated two-dimensional hybrid bimetallic metal oxides with enhanced lithium/sodium storage capability
Authors: Fang Guozhao , Zhou Jiang , Cai Yangsheng , Liu Sainan , Tan Xiaoping , Pan Anqiang , Liang Shuquan
Published: April 2017

Two-dimensional porous hybrid bimetallic Co3O4/ZnO nanosheets were successfully fabricated by a facile strategy using bimetallic MOFs nanosheets. This hybrid anode displayed superior electrochemical performance including a high-rate capability and long-term cyclic stability for lithium/sodium ion batteries.
A new class of non-corrosive, highly efficient electrolytes for rechargeable magnesium batteries
Authors: Zhao-Karger Zhirong , Gil Bardaji Maria Elisa , Fuhr Olaf , Fichtner Maximilian
Published: April 2017

Easily synthesized fluorinated magnesium alkoxyborates with non-corrosive and chemically stable features show high electrochemical performance as magnesium ion conducting salts.
Cu3N and its analogs: a new class of electrodes for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Wang Junru , Li Feng , Liu Xiaobiao , Zhou Hongcai , Shao Xiaofei , Qu Yuanyuan , Zhao Mingwen
Published: April 2017

Cu3N nanosheets are suitable as an electrode material for LIBs due to their low diffusion energy barriers and high storage capacity of lithium.
Microwave-responsive polymeric core–shell microcarriers for high-efficiency controlled drug release
Authors: Shi Ye , Ma Chongbo , Du Yan , Yu Guihua
Published: April 2017

A general drug carrier with a unique conjugated polymer/PNIPAM core–shell structure is synthesized for high-efficiency controlled drug release under microwave irradiation.
Extracellular matrix-inspired assembly of glycosaminoglycan–collagen fibers
Authors: Carretero A. , Soares da Costa D. , Reis R. L. , Pashkuleva I.
Published: April 2017

We report on the fabrication of fibers exclusively from the extracellular matrix components by interfacial complexation without using any crosslinking agent.
Effect of APOL1 disease risk variants on APOL1 gene product
Authors: Haque Shabirul , Patil Gauri , Mishra Abheepsa , Lan Xiqian , Popik Waldemar , Malhotra Ashwani , Skorecki Karl , Singhal Pravin C.
Published: April 2017

Gene sequence mutations may alter mRNA transcription, transcript stability, protein translation, protein stability and protein folding. Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) has two sets of sequence variants that are risk factors for kidney disease development, APOL1G1 (substitution mutation) and APOL1G2 (deletion mutation). Our present study focuses on the impact of these variants on APOL1 mRNA transcription and translation. APOL1 plasmids (EV, G0, G1 and G2) were transfected into human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells. APOL1 variant expression was observed to be significantly lower than that of APOL1G0. Podocyte cell lines stably expressing APOL1 transgenes also showed lower levels of APOL1 expression of APOL1 variants (G1 and G2) compared with APOL1G0 by Western blotting and FACS analysis. The enhanced expression of GRP78 by podocytes expressing APOL1 variants would indicate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Bioinformatics evaluation using two different programs (MUPro and I-Mutant 2.0) predicted that APOL1 variants were less stable than APOL1G0. Concomitant with protein levels, APOL1 mRNA levels were also depressed following induction of APOL1 variant compared with APOL1G0 in both proliferating and differentiated podocytes. APOL1 mRNA transcript stability was tested after actinomycin D pulsing; APOL1G1 and APOL1G2 mRNAs transcript decayed 10–15% and 15–20% (within a period of 0.5–3 h) respectively. Our data suggest that down-regulated APOL1 protein expression in APOL1 variants is due to compromised transcription and decay of the APOL1 variant transcripts.
Development of Grammatical Accuracy in English-Speaking Children With Cochlear Implants: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Guo Ling-Yu , Spencer Linda J.
Published: April 2017

Purpose

We sought to evaluate the development of grammatical accuracy in English-speaking children with cochlear implants (CIs) over a 3-year span.

Method

Ten children who received CIs before age 30 months participated in this study at 3, 4, and 5 years postimplantation. For the purpose of comparison, 10 children each at ages 3, 4, and 5 years with typical hearing were included as well. All children participated in a story-retell task. We computed percent grammatical communication units (PGCU) in the task.

Results

Children with CIs showed significant improvement in PGCU over the 3-year span. However, they produced lower PGCU than children with typical hearing who had matched hearing age at 4 and 5 years postimplantation. At the individual level, some children with CIs were able to produce PGCU comparable to children with typical hearing as early as 3 years after implantation. Better speech-perception skills at earlier time points were associated with higher PGCU at later time points. Moreover, children with and without CIs showed similar rankings in the types of grammatical errors.

Conclusion

Despite having auditory-perceptual and information-processing constraints, children who received CIs before age 30 months were able to produce grammatical sentences, albeit with a delayed pattern.
Electrophysiology of Perception and Processing of Phonological Information as Indices of Toddlers' Language Performance
Authors: Harwood Vanessa , Preston Jonathan , Grela Bernard , Roy Dooti , Harold Olivia , Turcios Jacqueline , Andrada Kiyomi , Landi Nicole
Published: April 2017

Purpose

The toddler years are a critical period for language development and growth. We investigated how event-related potentials (ERPs) to repeated and novel nonwords are associated with clinical assessments of language in young children. In addition, nonword repetition (NWR) was used to measure phonological working memory to determine the unique and collective contribution of ERP measures of phonemic discrimination and NWR as predictors of language ability.

Method

Forty children between the ages of 24–48 months participated in an ERP experiment to determine phonemic discrimination to repeated and novel nonwords in an
old
/
new
design. Participants also completed a NWR task to explore the contribution of phonological working memory in predicting language.

Results

ERP analyses revealed that faster responses to novel stimuli correlated with higher language performance on clinical assessments of language. Regression analyses revealed that an earlier component was associated with lower level phonemic sensitivity, and a later component was indexing phonological working memory skills similar to NWR.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that passive ERP responses indexing phonological discrimination and phonological working memory are strongly related to behavioral measures of language.