bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ganglioside GM1 reduces white matter damage in neonatal rats
Authors: Rong Xiao , Zhou Wei , Chen Xiao-Wen , Tao Li , Tang Juan
Published: November 2023

This study investigated the neuronal protective effect of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) on the hypoxia-ischemia white matter damage (WMD) in neonatal rats. Brain hypoxia-ischemia was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion in 4-day-old neonatal rats. Bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) was performed in rats in WMD and GM1 groups, while in sham group; the rat bilateral carotid arteries were merely exposed without occlusion. Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP). In addition, suspension test, slope test, and open-field test were carried out on day 26 after BCAO to determine the neurobehavioral function. The percentage of MBP-positive cells was decreased while beta-APP-and GFAPpositive cells were increased in WMD group. After treated with GM1, the percentage of MBP-positive cells increased significantly than WMD rats at post-operation 72 h and day 7. GFAP-positive cells and beta-APP-positive cells decreased significantly in WMD group at post-operation 72 h, day 7 and 26. The suspension test, slope test, and open-field test showed that neurobehavioral function was improved in ganglioside GM1 group compared with WMD group. Taken together, our findings suggested that ganglioside GM1 treatment reduces hypoxia-ischemia induced impairment of the neurobehavioral function in WMD in neonatal rats.
Early postweaning social isolation but not environmental enrichment modifies vermal Purkinje cell dendritic outgrowth in rats
Authors: Pascual Rodrigo , Bustamante Carlos
Published: November 2023

In the present study, we analyzed the effects of enriched, social and isolated experiences on vermal Purkinje cell of the rat, together with anxiety-like behavior in the elevated-plus maze. Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly submitted to either enriched, social, or isolated environments during the early postweaning period (postnatal days 22–32) and were then behaviorally evaluated in the elevated-plus maze and euthanized for histological analysis. Vermal Purkinje cells (sub-lobules VIa and VIb) were sampled, drawn under camera lucida and morphometrically assessed using the Sholl’s concentric ring method. Data obtained indicate that environmental enrichment did not significantly modify the Purkinje cell dendritic branching. On the contrary, Purkinje cell of animals reared in social isolation exhibited a significant reduction in dendritic arborization, which was closely associated with anxiety-like behaviors. The data obtained indicate that, although environmental stimulation in normal animals does not produce significant changes in vermal Purkinje cell dendritic arborization, these cells are vulnerable to early stressful experiences, which is in close association with anxiety-like behaviors.
Perceptual mislocalization of a single set of the Müller–Lyer wings
Authors: Bulatov Aleksandr , Mickiene Lina , Bulatova Natalja , Bielevicius Arunas
Published: November 2023

In the present communication, a possible role of perceptual displacements of stimulus elements in the occurrence of visual illusions of extent has been considered. In psychophysical experiments with a single set of Müller–Lyer wings, subjects were asked to place an imaginary reference rectangle into a position that made the apex of the wings appear to be at the rectangle center. Three different stimulus parameters (the length, internal angle, or tilt angle of the wings) were used as independent variables in different series of experiments. It was demonstrated that the magnitude of perceptual displacements of stimulus terminator is commensurate with that of illusions of extent obtained in our previous studies of full versions of illusory figures. Good correspondence between the experimental data and the predictions of our computational model of automatic centroid extraction strongly supported the suggestion that the effects of centroid extraction are powerful enough to be considered as one of the main causes of illusions of extent of the Müller–Lyer type.
Gnostic cells in the 21st century
Authors: Quiroga Rodrigo
Published: November 2023

In this short review, I revise the notion of gnostic cells posited by Konorski, together with similar arguments by James, Lettvin and Barlow – namely, the idea of pontifical, grandmother and cardinal cells, respectively. I then discuss whether the characteristics of the recently discovered concept cells, i.e. neurons in the human medial temporal lobe with a very high degree of specificity and invariance, fit the conjecture of gnostic or grandmother cells and then discuss the key role of concept cells in memory formation.
Leukemia inhibitory factor inhibits the proliferation of primary rat astrocytes induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation
Authors: Fan Yu-Ying , Zhang Jun-Mei , Wang Hua , Liu Xue-Yan , Yang Feng-Hua
Published: November 2023

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a neuroprotective cytokine that is necessary for the normal development of astrocytes. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) can induce astrocyte proliferation by increasing hypoxia-inducible factor alpha (HIF-1alpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Here, we studied whether LIF affects the proliferation of cultured primary rat astrocytes under OGD conditions by measuring EdU incorporation into astrocyte DNA and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mRNA and protein. Our findings show that low concentrations of LIF (5 and 10 ng/mL) significantly decreased EdU incorporation and downregulated the expression of PCNA mRNA and PCNA protein in astrocytes subjected to OGD. A low concentration of LIF (10 ng/mL) clearly inhibited astrocyte proliferation induced by OGD, while a higher concentration (50 ng/mL) had no effect. To investigate the mechanism of this inhibition by LIF (10 ng/mL), the expression of 3 related genes (LIF receptor, HIF-1alpha, and VEGF) was assessed using real-time PCR; VEGF protein expression was measured by Western blot. Our results indicate that LIFR mRNA was downregulated in astrocytes subjected to OGD. Interestingly, treatment with LIF further reduced LIFR mRNA expression in these cells. LIF treatment also decreased the expression of HIF-1alpha mRNA, VEGF mRNA, and VEGF protein induced by OGD. Low concentrations of LIF were observed to inhibit astrocyte proliferation induced by OGD.
Correlation between dopaminergic phenotype and expression of calretinin in the midbrain nuclei of the opossum (Monodelphis domestica): An immunohistological study
Authors: Klejbor Ilona , Ludkiewicz Beata , Wojcik Sławomir , Turlejski Krzysztof
Published: November 2023

We investigated distribution and morphology of neurons of the midbrain nuclei: the ventral tegmental area (VTA), substantia nigra (SN) and periaqueductal gray (PAG) of the adult grey short-tailed opossums that were double immunolabeled for the presence of calretinin (CR) and/or tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). The majority of TH-immunopositive neurons and fibers were located in the VTA, SN, and only scarce population of small neurons expressing TH was present in the PAG. In the SN 80 percent of TH-expressing neurons had large cell bodies, and only a small fraction had small perikarya. In the PAG populations of large and medium sized neurons were equal and 20 percent of neurons had small perikarya. Much scarcer population of TH-immunoreactive neurons in the PAG consisted of large or small neurons in its dorsal part (PAGd) and almost exclusively small neurons in the ventral part (PAGv). Distribution of neurons expressing TH and their types in the opossum are similar to those in rodents. The majority of CR-immunolabeled neurons were found in the VTA. In its subdivision, the parabrachal pigmented nucleus (PBP) cells expressing CR were approximately 28 percent more numerous than cells expressing TH. In spite of that, only 42 percent of TH-expressing neurons coexpressed CR. The high degree of colocalization TH and CR was observed in the SN. We propose that a higher percentage of TH/CR colocalization, which is observed in the opossums SN, may give them the ability to adapt to changes in their motor functions.
Ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) in the three standard laboratory mouse strains: Developmental analysis
Authors: Wiaderkiewicz Jan , Głowacka Marta , Grabowska Marta , Barski Jarosław-Jerzy
Published: November 2023

Mice, similarly to some other rodent species, communicate with specialized sounds in the ultrasonic range called ultrasonic vocalizations (USV). Evaluation of this behavioral activity enables estimation of the social interactions in animal models of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). Because transgenic mouse models are generated, in most cases, on the mixed 129SV/C57BL6 genetic background, we were interested if parameters that characterize USV differ between these two mouse strains. In addition, we wanted to compare these strains with the BALB/c line. In order to analyze USV, we applied the standard isolation test to newborn animals and compared standard parameters. Obtained results indicate clear differences between the 129SV and C57BL6 strains in respect to all analyzed USV parameters. Both strains behave also differently when compared with the BALB/c strain. For this reason in experiments utilizing transgenic animals, contribution of various genetic backgrounds has to be carefully considered.
Perirhinal cortex lesions attenuate stimulus generalization in a tactual discrimination task in rats
Authors: Ramos Juan
Published: November 2023

Response generalization to a novel stimulus occurs when the new stimulus shares common features with the stimulus used in the original learning. Given the many recent studies suggesting that the perirhinal cortex is critical for disambiguating stimuli that share representational/perceptual elements, we hypothesize that lesions sustained to this region would attenuate response generalization. In the first part of this experiment lesioned and control rats learned a feature-ambiguous tactual discrimination task until they had all reached the same level of performance. In this task animals were asked to discriminate among 3 tactual stimuli simultaneously exposed in 3 arms of a 4-arm plus-shaped maze. In the second part of this experiment, the same rats were given a generalization test 24 h after acquisition of the tactual discrimination. In the generalization test the original tactual stimulus associated with reward during the learning of the discrimination was replaced by a novel tactual stimulus while the other two remained the same. Of the 3 stimuli used in the generalization test, the novel stimulus had the highest degree of feature overlap with respect to the original target stimulus used during the learning of the discrimination. The generalization test took place over two consecutive days, with 8 trials each day. On the first day of generalization, the results indicated that the lesioned rats generalized significantly worse than the control rats during the first 4 trials, but not during the last 4 trials. On the second day of generalization, however, both groups performed the test perfectly. These findings suggest that, in addition to the well-known mnesic function in object processing, the perirhinal cortex may also be involved in perceptual functions.
Vascular endothelial growth factor A gene expression level is higher in patients with major depressive disorder and not affected by cigarette smoking, hyperlipidemia or treatment with statins
Authors: Berent Dominika , Macander Marian , Szemraj Janusz , Orzechowska Agata , Galecki Piotr
Published: November 2023

Elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are observed in conditions with vessel and neuron damage or pathological arborization and can therefore be detected in chronic inflammatory process, cardiovascular disease and depression. Hyperlipidemia and cigarette smoking are two factors that have been implicated in endothelial damage. The high comorbidity between cardiovascular disease and major depression disorder (MDD) prompted us to study the effect of cigarette smoking, hyperlipidemia and statin treatment on the VEGFA mRNA and protein expression levels measured in MDD patients. We analyzed 38 MDD patients and 38 healthy control individuals and observed that the MDD group had a significantly higher VEGFA mRNA level and protein serum concentration (P is equal 0.001; P is less than 0.001, respectively). We found no significant association between VEGFA expression at the mRNA or protein level and cigarette smoking, hyperlipidemia or treatment with statins (P is greater than 0.05). Interestingly, patients who had attempted suicide had a lower VEGF serum level compared with patients who had not attempted suicide. The translational value of this finding remains unknown. A higher VEGF concentration may play a potentially significant role in the pathogenesis of depression, and the expression level appears to be unaffected by additional factors.
Auditory perception of temporal order: A comparison between tonal language speakers with and without non-tonal language experience
Authors: Bao Yan , Fang Yuan , Yang Taoxi , Wang Lingyan , Szymaszek Aneta , Szelag Elzbieta
Published: November 2023

It has been shown recently that temporal order perception is modulated by language environments. The present study focused on the specific question whether a secondary language experience influences temporal order perception by comparing the temporal order thresholds (TOTs) between Chinese subjects with and without a secondary non-tonal language (i.e., English) experience. Besides monaurally presented paired clicks, binaurally presented two different types of tone pairs were used in order to better capture a potential difference between tonal and non-tonal languages. The results showed a non-significant language effect on monaurally presented click TOTs, but a significant language effect for binaurally presented tone TOTs. Compared to click performance, Chinese subjects without English proficiency demonstrated a significantly lower TOT only for close frequency tone pairs, while Chinese subjects with English proficiency demonstrated lower TOTs for both close frequency and distant frequency tone pairs. These results confirm on the one hand a common and language independent temporal mechanism for perceiving the order of two monaurally presented stimuli, and indicate on the other hand specific mechanisms of neuronal plasticity for perceiving the order of frequency-related auditory stimuli for tonal language speakers with or without a secondary non-tonal language experience.
The NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 abolishes the increase in both p53 and Bax/Bcl2 index induced by adult-onset hypothyroidism in rat
Authors: Alva-Sanchez Claudia , Rodriguez Adair , Villanueva Ivan , Anguiano Brenda , Aceves Carmen , Pacheco-Rosado Jorge
Published: November 2023

Hypothyroidism affects neuron population dynamics in the hippocampus of the adult rat, with neuronal damage as the main feature of its effect. This effect is prevented by the blockade of NMDA receptors, which suggests that glutamatergic activity mediates cell death in this condition. Glutamate can also stimulate cell proliferation and survival of newborn neurons, indicating that it can affect different stages of the cell cycle. In this work we measured the expression of specific proteins that control cell proliferation (cycline-D1), cell arrest (p21), damage (p53) or apoptosis (Bax and Bcl2) in the hippocampus of hypothyroid rats treated with the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) blocker MK-801 during the induction of hypothyroidism. The results show that hypothyroidism increases the expression of markers of DNA damage, cell arrest, and apoptosis, but does not affect the marker of cell proliferation. NMDAR blockade prevents the increase on markers of DNA damage and apoptosis, but does not influence cell arrest or cell proliferation. This suggests that hypothyroidism promotes cell death mainly by an excitotoxic effect of glutamate.
Early increase of cannabinoid receptor density after experimental traumatic brain injury in the newborn piglet
Authors: Donat Cornelius , Fischer Felix , Walter Bernd , Deuther-Conrad Winnie , Brodhun Michael , Bauer Reinhard , Brust Peter
Published: November 2023

Paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability. Previous studies showed neuroprotection after TBI by (endo)cannabinoid mechanisms, suggesting involvement of cannabinoid receptors (CBR). We therefore determined CBR densities and expression of the translocator protein 18 kDA (TSPO) in newborn piglets after experimental TBI. Newborn female piglets were subjected to sham operation (n=6) or fluid-percussion (FP) injury (n=7) under controlled physiological conditions. After six hours, brains were frozen, sagittally cut and incubated with radioligands for CBR ([3HCP-55,940, [3H]SR141716A) and TSPO ([3H]PK11195), an indicator of gliosis/brain injury. Early after injury, FP-TBI elicited a significant ICP increase at a temporary reduced cerebral perfusion pressure; however, CBF and CMRO2 remained within physiological range. At 6 hours post injury, we found a statistically significant increase in binding of the non-selective agonist [3H]CP-55,940 in 15 of the 24 investigated brain regions of injured animals. By contrast, no significant changes in binding of the CB1R-selective antagonist [3H]SR141716A were observed. A non-significant trend towards increased binding of [3H]PK11195 was observed, suggesting an incipient microglial activation. We therefore conclude that in this model and time span after injury, the increase in [3H]CP-55,940 binding reflects changes in CB2R density, while CB1R density is not affected. The results may provide explanation for the neuroprotective properties of cannabinoid ligands and future therapeutic strategies of TBI.
The BTBD9 gene polymorphisms in Polish patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
Authors: Janik Piotr , Berdyński Mariusz , Safranow Krzysztof , Żekanowski Cezary
Published: November 2023

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics. The etiology of the disorder is unknown, although the predominant role of genetic factors has been established. Variants of the BTBD9 gene (rs4714156, rs9296249 and rs9357271) have been reported to be associated with GTS in French Canadian and Chinese Han populations. Therefore, we decided to test the association between GTS and polymorphisms of the BTBD9 gene in Polish patients. Our cohort of GTS cases comprised 162 patients aged 4–54 years (mean age: 19.9+/-8.7 years; 131 males, 80.9 percent). The control group consisted of 180 healthy persons aged 14–55 years (mean age: 23.1+/-2.1 years; 149 males, 82.8 percent). The rs4714156, rs9296249 and rs9357271 variants of the BTBD9 gene were genotyped. No significant differences were found in minor allele frequencies (MAFs) of the SNPs tested between the two groups. The frequency of MAFs of the genotyped SNPs was lower in GTS patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (for rs9357271 and rs9296249, P=0.039 and rs4714156, P=0.040) and higher in GTS patients without comorbidities (for rs9357271 and rs9296249 P=0.021 and rs4714156 P=0.025). There was a trend toward an association between the minor allele of the SNPs and mild tics (P=0.089 for rs9357271 and rs9296249, P=0.057 for rs4714156). Despite limitations of the study, including the small number of cases and analyzed SNPs, our results suggest that the examined BTBD9 variants are not associated with GTS risk, but may be associated with comorbidity and tic severity in the Polish population.
Effect of levetiracetam on penicillin induced epileptic activity in rats
Authors: Arık Aliye , Bağırıcı Faruk , Sefil Fatih , Marangoz Cafer
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of levetiracetam (LEV) on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in rats. Penicillin was applied intracerebroventricularly (icv) at a dose of 500 IU to induce epileptiform activity. LEV was given intraperitoneally (ip) at doses of 20, 40, 80 mg/kg before penicillin injection. This agent reduced epileptiform activity by decreasing spike frequencies. The mean spike frequencies decreased significantly in all the LEV treated groups. There was no significant change in the spike amplitudes of the LEV groups compared with the control group. 40 mg/kg of LEV was determined as the most effective dose on reducing epileptiform activity. The results of this study suggest that LEV is an effective antiepileptic agent in penicillin-induced epilepsy.
Modulatory effect of VIP injected into hippocampal CA1 area on anxiety in olfactory bulbectomized rats
Authors: Ivanova Margarita , Belcheva Stiliana , Belcheva Iren , Stoyanov Zlatislav , Tashev Roman
Published: November 2023

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide, which is widely distributed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, acting both as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. Despite its extensive expression in the hippocampus, amygdala and other limbic system structures, the effects of VIP on anxiety and depression have not yet been fully investigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the involvement of VIP and VIP receptors in the mechanism of anxiety in rats with a model of depression (bilateral olfactory bulbectomy), using the elevated plus-maze test. VIP and a non-specific antagonist of VIP receptors (VIP6-28) were administered unilaterally into the hippocampal CA1 area of bulbectomized (OBX) rats. VIP (10 ng) showed a tendency for an anxiety-modulatory effect upon right side injection, by reducing significantly the closed arm time and increasing the open arm time. VIP (100 ng) injected unilaterally (left or right) into CA1 area induced an anxiolytic-like effect on the activity of OBX rats (increased the number of open arms entries, open arm time and the ratio open/total number of entries). VIP6-28 failed to antagonize the anxiety-related behavior of OBX rats in the plus maze. An unexpected finding in our study was that upon pretreatment with VIP6-28, VIP (10 ng), injected unilaterally (left or right) exerted an anti-anxiety like effect (increased the number of open arm entries, open arm time and the ratio open/total number of entries). Our data point to a possible involvement of hippocampal VIP-ergic neurons in modulating emotional processes or adaptive responses to stressful stimuli in a rat model of depression
The role of the GABA-A receptor of the adjacent intact dorsal root ganglion neurons in rats with neuropathic pain
Authors: Ran Ran , Gu Junfeng , Fu Jun , Zhong Heying , Zhao Yupeng , Gu YuChun , Zhang Ailian , Li Guifeng , Wang Lihua , Wang Qingxiu
Published: November 2023

We aim to investigate the changes of The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signals in the adjacent intact dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and the contribution of these changes to the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain (NPP). After establishment of neuropathic pain model with the lumbar 5 spinal nerve ligation (L5 SNL), the GABA-evoked currents were recorded in the acutely dissociated L4 DRG neurons using whole-cell patch clamp. Moreover, Muscimol or Bicuculline were respectively topically injected to the L4 DRG at the time of nerve injury and post-operative 5 days (POD5). The pain thresholds of hind paw were recorded. We found that the incidence and amplitude of GABA currents significantly decreased in the large and medium L4 DRG neurons after SNL (P less than 0.05). Furthermore, in the L5 SNL rats, 20 micrograms Muscimol injected immediately after injury caused a long-lasting attenuation of mechanical allodynia (P less then 0.05), whereas the thermal hyperalgesia was not alleviated (P greater than 0.05). 0.15 micrograms Bicuculline further decreased the pain thresholds (P less then 0.05) and reversed the pain-alleviating effects of Muscimol. However, at POD5, 20 micrograms Muscimol only exhibited transient alleviating effects (P less then 0.05). In conclusion, the decrease of inhibition signal mediated by GABA-A receptor in the adjacent intact DRG neurons may be crucial in the development of hyperalgesia in NPP.
Os desafios da conservação urbana em áreas centrais submetidas a projetos de renovação: região portuária da cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: De Faria Maria Lúcia Borges , Keuchkarian Dulce Abigail
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho pretende estudar a conservação do patrimônio na área central da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, paisagem urbana histórica, tomando como viés o uso habitacional em áreas centrais, com especial atenção ao de interesse social, e como objeto de estudo o grande projeto urbano Porto Maravilha, movido por ideais de renovação que tendem à reconfiguração física e social da área, levado a termo na região portuária, no âmbito da preparação da cidade para os jogos Olímpicos de 2016. Para isso, serão considerados os discursos e iniciativas que ao longo dos anos sustentaram ideais de preservação e estímulo à habitação nas áreas centrais da cidade, em confronto com as propostas do “Porto Maravilha”, especialmente as relacionadas com patrimônio cultural e habitação de interesse social projeto. Considera-se também que na grandiosidade de sua realização foram feitos investimentos significativos em restauração de imóveis históricos e na construção de novos museus, o que atribuiu legitimidade ao discurso de proteção do patrimônio cultural proferido por seus agentes. Tem-se por objetivo deixar em evidencia a construção de narrativas pelos agentes do projeto em favor do patrimônio cultural e da habitação em áreas centrais, enquanto fatos levantados demonstram divergência nas ações concretas.
Úlcera gástrica perfurada: uma experiência de serviço no Hospital Regional da Ceilândia nos anos de 2020/2021/2022
Authors: Dutra Bárbara Ferreira , Tôrres Larissa Monteiro , Góes Anne Gabrielle de Carvalho Nicolau , Rodrigues Pedro Vitor Silva , Grigorio Matheus Amorim
Published: November 2023

A Doença Ulcerosa Péptica (DUP) é uma das principais doenças do Trato Gastro Intestinal (TGI), e junto às suas complicações, vêm diminuindo sua incidência em países desenvolvidos. A perfuração gástrica é uma de suas complicações que a depender da idade, comorbidade, localização, tamanho, estado do paciente na admissão ou diagnóstico tardio podem aumentar o risco de óbito e morbidade. Nesse sentido é necessário realizar protocolos de atuação baseados em evidências atuais para redução de complicações e melhor atendimento ao público. Neste estudo foram incluídos 14 artigos publicados em bases de dados eletrônicas (Pubmed e Cochrane), além de sete revisões de literatura de guidelines atualizados em 2023.
NÂNG CAO HIỆU QUẢ PHỐI HỢP GIỮA NHÀ TRƯỜNG VÀ DOANH NGHIỆP DU LỊCH TRONG HOẠT ĐỘNG THỰC TẾ, THỰC TẬP CHO SINH VIÊN NGÀNH QUẢN TRỊ DỊCH VỤ DU LỊCH VÀ LỮ HÀNH, TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC VĂN HÓA, THỂ THAO VÀ DU LỊCH THANH HÓA
Authors: Ngô Phương Thúy , Lê Thị Ngọc
Published: November 2023

Việc phối hợp giữa các trường đại học và các doanh nghiệp trong hoạt động đào tạo nói chung và hoạt động thực tập, thực tế nói riêng của sinh viên luôn được các trường chú trọng trong giai đoạn hiện nay. Hoạt động này tạo môi trường học tập và làm việc thực tế giúp sinh viên nâng cao kiến thức chuyên môn, rèn luyện kỹ năng nghề nghiệp, kỹ năng ngoại ngữ, phát triển các kỹ năng mềm và có cơ hội việc làm trong quá trình học tập cũng như sau khi ra trường. Bài viết chỉ ra vai trò hoạt động phối hợp giữa trường đại học và doanh nghiệp du lịch, phân tích thực trạng công tác phối hợp giữa trường đại học và doanh nghiệp du lịch trong hoạt động thực tế, thực tập cho sinh viên ngành Quản trị dịch vụ du lịch và Lữ hành, Trường Đại học Văn hóa, Thể thao và Du lịch Thanh Hóa, từ đó đề xuất giải pháp nâng cao hiệu quả hoạt động phối hợp này trong thời gian tới.
Cultural competence in medical and health education: an approach to the topic
Authors: Robaina Castillo Jose Ignacio
Published: November 2023

Cultural competence is essential to ensure safe, high-quality healthcare; and adequate preparation is necessary to provide culturally congruent care. A literature review was conducted to examine the theoretical foundations of cultural competence and its application to medical and health education. The search for information in databases was carried out using the terms “cultural competence”, “health education”, “medical education”, “cultural sensitivity” and “cultural humility”. Cultural competence is the ability of a student or healthcare professional to provide culturally appropriate and specifically tailored care to patient populations with diverse values, beliefs, and behaviors. The development of cultural competency in medical education has occurred surprisingly rapidly in response to gaps in student training and skills identified by educators, clinicians, and care provider and accrediting bodies. The acquisition of cultural competencies by health professionals’ addresses: the interest in learning about other cultures, learning about another culture, interactions with people from different cultures and the set of capabilities to respond to people's health needs. from another culture. Competition consistently directs attention to political and social circumstances as well as individual considerations that can alleviate suffering and promote health and well-being
Interoperability standards in Health Information Systems
Authors: Canova-Barrios Carlos , Machuca-Contreras Felipe
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Health Information Systems (HIS) have been improved to enhance the quality of healthcare. However, adequate computerization of these systems, as demanded by the digital society, requires the adoption of interoperability standards that allow all system elements to be interconnected. Objective: to describe the results provided by the literature on the use of interoperability standards in HIS. Methods: a systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA methodology on the results of the adoption of interoperability standards in HIS. Information was searched in Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar, and SciELO. Then, a selection of the most relevant studies was made, using inclusion criteria. Results: most of the reviewed studies focused on the evaluation of interoperability standards in hospital and institutional environments, with a global interest in such standards. The diversity of standards used and the results obtained demonstrate the importance and significant impact of the implementation of interoperability standards in improving the quality of healthcare systems. Conclusions: the systematic literature review reveals that the implementation of interoperability standards is fundamental to ensure the integration between the components that make up the systems, which in turn contributes to operational efficiency and information security
MUHIBAH IS NOT RELIGIOUS PLURALISM: THE UNDERSTANDING OF RELIGIOUS COEXISTENCE AMONG RELIGIOUS LEADERS IN MALAYSIA
Authors:   International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia, Ibrahim Haslina , Abd. Rokis Rohaiza ,   International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia, Wan Husin Wan Nurhasniah ,   National Defence University of Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: November 2023

Muhibah is a social philosophy on pluralistic coexistence in Malaysia. It has a profound historical background that deserves to be learnt and appreciated by the Malaysian people and its leaders. Religious pluralism however, is a philosophy developed by John Hick as a response against the Christian exclusive interpretation of the doctrine of salvation. Ironically, of late, there has been a global call which persistently promotes religious pluralism as the philosophy of the day. In Malaysia, the awareness and support for religious pluralism emerged among the religious NGOs at the beginning of the 21st century. Since then, there has been been persistent propagation of religious pluralism in Malaysia. Muhibah on the other hand, remain as a blueprint on unity and national integration in the government policy. This article tries to provide a theoritical and historical comparison between the two terms to understand their meaning and historical significance. The article also shares some of a research findings on 14 religious leaders’ understanding of muhibah and religious pluralism. Their understanding is analysed and compared to gauge which of the two terms (according to them) better relates to religious coexistence in Malaysia. The article reports the research findings which record higher understanding of muhibah compared to religious pluralism. It is therefore suggested that muhibah is a better philosophy for understanding of religious coexistence in this country.
NGHIÊN CỨU BÀO CHẾ BỘT PHYTOSOME SILYBIN BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP PHUN SẤY
Authors: Vũ Bình Dương , Đặng Trường Giang , Hồ Bá Ngọc Minh , Nguyễn Hoàng Hiệp , Phạm Văn Hiển
Published: November 2023

Mục tiêu: Xây dựng quy trình phun sấy tạo bột phytosome silybin từ hỗn dịch nano phytosome. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Phun sấy tạo bột cao khô bằng thiết bị phun sấy ly tâm LPG-5 từ hỗn dịch nano phytosome silybin. Đánh giá ảnh hưởng của các yếu tố đến quá trình phun sấy gồm: Loại tá dược (maltodextrin, Aerosil), tỷ lệ tá dược/chất rắn (TD/CR), nhiệt độ phun sấy và tốc độ cấp dịch. Kết quả: Lựa chọn được thông số quy trình phun sấy thích hợp: Tá dược hỗ trợ phun sấy: MD/AE (80/20); tỷ lệ tá dược/chất rắn: 0,5/1; nhiệt độ khí đầu vào: 140ºC; tốc độ cấp dịch: 10 mL/phút. Bột phytosome silybin phun sấy (công thức M7) có độ ẩm là 3,46 ± 0,1%, khối lượng riêng 0,416 ± 0,02 g/mL, chỉ số nén 19,33 ± 0,83%  hàm lượng silybin toàn phần là 13,97 ± 0,46%, hàm lượng silybin dạng phytosome là 12,82 ± 0,27%. Kết luận: Xây dựng thành công quy trình tạo bột phytosome silybin bằng phương pháp phun sấy để ứng dụng vào các dạng thuốc rắn dùng đường uống.
PHÂN TÍCH HIỆU QUẢ CAN THIỆP CỦA DƯỢC SĨ LÂM SÀNG TRÊN MỘT SỐ VẤN ĐỀ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN THUỐC KÊ ĐƠN NGOẠI TRÚ TẠI KHOA KHÁM BỆNH - BỆNH VIỆN QUÂN Y 105 NĂM 2022
Authors: Nguyễn Xuân Trung , Hồ Cảnh Hậu , Trần Văn Hải , Nguyễn Tô Hiệu , Nguyễn Cẩm Vân , Trịnh Thị Như Ngọc
Published: November 2023

Mục tiêu: Phân tích hiệu quả can thiệp của dược sĩ lâm sàng trên một số vấn đề liên quan đến thuốc (drug-related problems - DRPs) trong kê đơn ngoại trú tại Khoa Khám bệnh, Bệnh viện Quân y 105 năm 2022. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu, mô tả cắt ngang và so sánh trên 786 đơn thuốc trong giai đoạn chưa có dược sĩ lâm sàng (từ ngày 01 - 31/11/2021) và trên 256 đơn thuốc trong giai đoạn có can thiệp của dược sĩ lâm sàng (từ ngày 16 - 30/01/2022) tại 03 phòng khám chuyên khoa nội tổng hợp thuộc Khoa Khám bệnh. Hiệu quả can thiệp được đánh giá thông qua so sánh tỷ lệ DRPs của đơn thuốc ngoại trú giữa 2 giai đoạn và sự đồng thuận của bác sĩ với nội dung can thiệp. Kết quả: Số lượt kê thuốc không có DRPs tăng từ 9,1% khi chưa có dược sĩ lâm sàng lên 53,1% sau can thiệp. Tỷ lệ giữa số lượng DRPs trên tổng số lượt kê thuốc giảm từ 1,62 xuống 0,58, khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,001. DRPs ngoại trú xuất hiện trên 23 thuốc, tương ứng 46 cặp thuốc - mã DRPs. Tỷ lệ đồng thuận của bác sĩ với DRPs đạt > 95%. Mức ý nghĩa của DRPs được bác sĩ đánh giá theo thang phân loại tại mức 3 (không đáng kể) với > 88%. Kết luận: Can thiệp của dược sĩ lâm sàng làm giảm số lượt kê đơn thuốc ngoại trú có xuất hiện DRPs, bác sĩ có sự đồng thuận cao với nội dung can thiệp.
NGHIÊN CỨU XÂY DỰNG MÔ HÌNH XƠ GAN VÀ ĐÁNH GIÁ TÁC DỤNG CỦA VIÊN NANG NHẤT GAN LINH TRÊN ĐỘNG VẬT THỰC NGHIỆM
Authors: Đinh Quốc Hưng , Bùi Thị Thu Hà , Nguyễn Thị Thanh Hằng , Bùi Thị Thu Hiền , Trần Thị Thu Huyền , Trần Bá Hiếu , Đoàn Việt Cường , Phạm Xuân Phong , Trần Thị Tuyết Nhung , Chử Văn Mến
Published: November 2023

Mục tiêu: Xây dựng mô hình xơ gan trên chuột BALB/c bằng CCl4 với thời gian, liều lượng tối ưu của CCl4, và đánh giá tác dụng điều trị xơ gan của viên nang Nhất gan linh (NGL). Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Gây xơ gan trên chuột nhắt trắng BALB/c được tiêm dưới da CCl4 với liều 160 mg/kg pha trong dầu olive với tỷ lệ 1:18 tương ứng với liều 2 mL/kg x 2 lần/tuần trong thời gian 4, 8 và 12 tuần. Chuột sau khi được gây xơ gan, cho uống NGL với các mức liều từ 150 - 450 mg/kg/ngày. Đánh giá hiệu quả điều trị xơ gan dựa trên các chỉ tiêu thay đổi trọng lượng, số lượng sống/chết, chỉ số xét nghiệm huyết học, sinh hóa máu, phân tích mô bệnh học. Kết quả: Mô hình xơ gan trên chuột nhắt bằng CCl4  đã cho thấy mức độ xơ hóa gan ở giai đoạn 1/4; 2/4; 2/4 và 3/4 tương ứng với thời gian sử dụng CCl4 từ 4, 8, và 12 tuần. Chuột được điều trị bằng NGL liều tương đương lâm sàng, gấp đôi và gấp ba liều lâm sàng đều có khả năng cải thiện tổn thương gan ở mức sinh hóa, tế bào. Kết luận: NGL chứng minh được tác dụng điều trị xơ gan trên mô hình xơ gan ở chuột BALB/c được tiêm dưới da CCl4 liều với liều 2 mL/kg x 2 lần/tuần x 8 tuần.
ĐÁNH GIÁ TÁC DỤNG ĐIỀU CHỈNH RỐI LOẠN LIPID MÁU NGOẠI SINH CỦA VIÊN NANG BÀO CHẾ TỪ TỎI ĐEN, BỤP GIẤM, TRẠCH TẢ VÀ GIẢO CỔ LAM TRÊN CHUỘT CỐNG TRẮNG
Authors: Nguyễn Hoàng Ngân , Phùng Văn Bằng , Lê Hồng Phú , Trịnh Thị Hạnh , Đặng Văn Điệp , Bùi Thị Bích Vân , Đỗ Thị Hương Lan
Published: November 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tác dụng điều chỉnh rối loạn lipid máu ngoại sinh của viên nang bào chế từ tỏi đen, bụp giấm, trạch tả và giảo cổ lam trên chuột cống trắng. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Theo mô hình của Nguyễn Trọng Thông và CS (2014), gây rối loạn lipid chuột cống trắng Wistar bằng dầu cholesterol 10 mL/kg/24h. 50 con chuột được chia làm 5 lô; Lô 1 uống nước cất 10 mL/kg; Lô 2 uống dầu cholesterol + nước cất 10 mL/kg sau 2 giờ; Lô 3 uống dầu cholesterol + thuốc thử 336 mg/kg sau 2 giờ; Lô 4 uống dầu cholesterol + thuốc thử 672 mg/kg sau 2 giờ; Lô 5 uống dầu cholesterol + atorvastatin 10 mg/kg sau 2 giờ. Chỉ tiêu đánh giá: Triglyceride (TG), cholesterol toàn phần (TC), HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, chỉ số vữa xơ mạch (AI) tại thời điểm 0, 14 và 28 ngày. Kết quả xử lý bằng phần mềm SPSS 16.0. Kết quả: Chuột uống hỗn hợp dầu cholesterol (lô 2) có các chỉ số lipid máu và vữa xơ mạch  (TG, TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, AI) cao hơn so với ở lô chứng (lô 1). Ở các lô dùng thuốc nghiên cứu và thuốc tham chiếu (lô 3, 4, 5) các chỉ số TG, TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, AI giảm so với lô không uống thuốc (lô 2); làm tăng HDL-C so với lô 2 tại 14 và 28 ngày (với p < 0,05). Kết luận: Ở cả 2 mức liều thuốc thử có tác dụng tốt trong điều trị rối loạn lipid máu, tương đương với lô tham chiếu dùng Atorvastatin.
NGHIÊN CỨU BÀO CHẾ HỆ NANO LIPID RẮN CHỨA FAMOTIDIN
Authors: Phan Thị Thu Hằng , Đào Hoàng Lan Anh , Trịnh Nam Trung , Trần Thị Phương Thảo , Nguyễn Trọng Điệp
Published: November 2023

Mục tiêu: Bào chế và đánh giá một số đặc tính của hệ nano lipid rắn chứa famotidin (FTD). Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Bào chế hệ nano lipid rắn bằng phương pháp đồng nhất hóa bằng lực phân cắt kết hợp với siêu âm, các công thức của hệ nano lipid được đánh giá một số đặc tính bằng các phương pháp hóa lý. Khảo sát các yếu tố thuộc về thành phần công thức (lipid rắn, chất diện hoạt, dung môi pha ngoại) và thông số quy trình (tốc độ, thời gian đồng nhất hóa, công suất và thời gian siêu âm) đến các chỉ tiêu chất lượng của hệ nano. Kết quả: Công thức nano lipid rắn thích hợp nhất gồm 40mg famotidin, 3,5g glycerin monosterat (GMS), 1g Span 80, 300mL nước chứa 0,75g Tween 80; thông số quy trình bào chế: Tốc độ đồng nhất 7000 vòng/phút, thời gian đồng nhất 5 phút, công suất siêu âm 240W, thời gian siêu âm 5 phút. Hệ nano lipid rắn lựa chọn có kích thước tiểu phân (KTTP) là 124,9 ± 0,19nm, chỉ số đa phân tán (polydisperse index - PDI) < 0,3, có khả năng kéo dài giải phóng dược chất lên đến 12 giờ. Kết luận: Đã xây dựng được công thức, thông số quy trình bào chế và đánh giá một số đặc tính của hệ nano lipid rắn chứa famotidin.
Desmitificando el Plagio Digital: Percepciones y Realidades de la ética estudiantil desde el Centro Universitario de Tonalá
Authors: Ibarra Beltrán Álvaro de Jesús , Aguayo Álvarez Zeferino , Velázquez García Ramona Esmeralda
Published: November 2023

En la era digital actual, donde la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) ofrece herramientas avanzadas, el dilema ético del plagio académico toma una relevancia particular. Este artículo reflexiona sobre la percepción y práctica de la autenticidad en trabajos académicos entre estudiantes. A pesar de los datos que muestran un alto rechazo estudiantil hacia comportamientos antiéticos, como copiar o depender excesivamente de compañeros en trabajos de equipo, es imperativo distinguir entre lo que los estudiantes dicen y lo que efectivamente hacen. La congruencia entre estas actitudes y acciones se torna aún más crítica con el advenimiento de herramientas de IA que pueden facilitar, o combatir, prácticas de plagio. La integridad académica, reforzada por un compromiso con el aprendizaje autónomo y colaborativo, emerge como pieza central en la educación contemporánea. Si bien la mayoría de los estudiantes parece valorar la ética en el trabajo académico, las instituciones educativas enfrentan el reto de asegurar que estas actitudes se traducen en prácticas reales. Este artículo destaca la importancia de abordar y profundizar en estas cuestiones en un contexto educativo cada vez más influenciado por la tecnología.
ATIVIDADES LÚDICAS EM CONTEXTO INCLUSIVO: uma contribuição no desenvolvimento e na aprendizagem de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), especialmente na área da leitura e escrita
Authors: COELHO RODRIGUES MARIA
Published: November 2023

Ludicidade em contexto inclusivo é o tema desta pesquisa. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender como a interação social afeta o desenvolvimento de crianças com autismo, examinando o brincar em ambientes escolares. O conhecimento sobre esse tema na infância é importante, pois é a fase da vida mais relevante para o desenvolvimento humano, principalmente no que diz respeito aos benefícios que o brincar pode trazer para a aprendizagem da criança. Os teóricos estão atualmente discutindo a relação entre crianças com autismo e o brincar, verificando como isso afeta o desenvolvimento de crianças com deficiências generalizadas de desenvolvimento. O objetivo geral foi investigar as ideias e práticas pedagógicas que permeiam o processo de alfabetização de crianças com TEA, identificando possíveis fragilidades e potencialidades desse processo numa escola pública estadual de Iporá/GO, em 2022. Como opção metodológica, utilizou-se a pesquisa qualitativa com estudo de caso. Para tanto, utilizou-se roteiros de observação e roteiros de entrevista como instrumentos analíticos, incorporando também observações sobre o cotidiano escolar dos sujeitos e sua história, desde o primeiro ano escolar. A partir da análise dos casos, pode-se concluir que o brincar tem um impacto positivo no desenvolvimento das crianças com autismo, permitindo que elas interajam desde o momento em que iniciam novos relacionamentos.
The Influence Of Prices, Baristas, Products, And Store Atmosphere On Sustainability Coffee Shop Business In The Lowlands
Authors: Jihan Nabilah Dhifa Meita , Ryandi Putri Anggini , Frediansyah Riyan , Wachdijono Wachdijono
Published: November 2023

Business sustainability in the lowlands is the ability to continue to adapt to changing consumer trends and preferences. Therefore, these business actors must conduct research related to the sustainability of the business. This research aims to determine the influence of prices, baristas, products, and atmosphere on the sustainability of coffee shop businesses in the lowlands. The study was conducted in Tangerang City, a lowland area with many modern coffee shops. The research time is from July to September 2023. The research design used is quantitative and survey methods. The research population is coffee shop consumers in Tangerang City, whose number is unknown, so the sample size was determined deliberately, namely 100 consumers. Data analysis uses the Structural Equation Modeling instrument. The research results show that the price and product variables positively affect coffee shop businesses' sustainability in Tangerang City's lowlands. Still, the barista variables and shop atmosphere have no effect. The indicator that best explains the condition of the price variable is "price according to brand" and for products is "product innovation". For this reason, coffee shop business managers in the lowlands of Tangerang City are recommended to maintain or improve product branding and innovate products to sustain their business.
Baristas, Products, Store Atmosphere, Prices, Social Media, And Consumer Satisfaction Coffee Shop In The Lowlands
Authors: Auyaghlib Ajran , Azhari Dini , Zaitun Fathia Al , Wachdijono Wachdijono
Published: November 2023

Coffee shop business opportunities show a positive trend, encouraging business actors to set up new coffee shops. The growth of coffee shops causes competition to become increasingly high. Therefore, coffee shop management must strengthen the main variables in its business. The main variables in a coffee shop include barista, product, price, atmosphere, social media, and customer satisfaction. This research aims to determine and describe the variable conditions of barista, product, price, atmosphere, social media, and consumer satisfaction. The research location is Tangerang City, Banten Province, Republic of Indonesia, considering that the area is included in lowland topography and many modern coffee shops are standing. The research was conducted in July-September 2023 with a sample size of 131 respondents. The research design is descriptive, using survey methods. Data analysis uses confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) instruments and the calculation of variable scores, which are compared with expected scores. The research results show that the condition of the barista is in the very skilled category (83.57%), the condition of the product is in the outstanding category (82.33%), the condition of the coffee shop atmosphere is in the very comfortable category (83.77%), the condition of the price is in the very affordable category (83.17%), social media conditions are in the outstanding category (81.76%), and consumer satisfaction conditions are in the very satisfied category (81.50%). The results of this research are very useful in planning/determining coffee shop business management strategies to win competition in the lowlands.
Investigating the Epidemiological Trend and Estimating the Burden of COVID-19 in the Military Population of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Vasheghani Farahani Maryam , Zargar Sanaz , Markazi Nader , Kazemi-Galougahi Mohammad Hassan , Asadi Zahra Sadat
Published: November 2023

Background: The Burden of Disease study provides a comprehensive picture of mortality and disability across countries, time periods, age groups, and genders. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the epidemiological trend and estimate the burden of COVID-19 in the military population of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the methods by the World Health Organization for the national burden of disease studies to estimate the years of life lost due to premature death and burden of disability (YLD), years of life lost from mortality (YLL), years of life lost due to disability diseases, and the total burden of death and disability in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALY). The information to calculate the desired indicators for COVID-19 in the military population of Iran, including the number of deaths, the number of hospitalizations, and the costs of hospitalization and treatment of patients, was obtained from the insurance organization of the armed forces. Excel software version 2017 is used to calculate 3 indicators. Results: The total DALY for COVID-19 in the Iranian military population during the three-year study period was calculated to be 162,429 years, which is a significant figure. The disease burden showed an increasing trend in the study years and reached its peak in 2021, which aligns with the overall disease situation in the country. In general, the burden of disease was higher in men than in women. Conclusions: The impact of COVID-19 on the military and its economic burden was substantial in the studied areas. Therefore, it is crucial to undertake careful planning in addressing these issues. Using economic burden studies and examining their dimensions provides policymakers with sufficient evidence to allocate financial resources to vital sectors and adopt appropriate policies in critical situations.