bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Derivation of a Multilayer Approach to Model Suspended Sediment Transport: Application to Hyperpycnal and Hypopycnal Plumes
Authors: de Luna T. Morales , Fernández Nieto E.D. , Castro Díaz M. J.
Published: October 2017

We propose a multi-layer approach to simulate hyperpycnal and hypopycnal plumes in flows with free surface. The model allows to compute the vertical profile of the horizontal and the vertical components of the velocity of the fluid flow. The model can describe as well the vertical profile of the sediment concentration and the velocity components of each one of the sediment species that form the turbidity current. To do so, it takes into account the settling velocity of the particles and their interaction with the fluid. This allows to better describe the phenomena than a single layer approach. It is in better agreement with the physics of the problem and gives promising results. The numerical simulation is carried out by rewriting the multilayer approach in a compact formulation, which corresponds to a system with nonconservative products, and using path-conservative numerical scheme. Numerical results are presented in order to show the potential of the model.
A Cartesian Scheme for Compressible Multimaterial Hyperelastic Models with Plasticity
Authors: de Brauer Alexia , Iollo Angelo , Milcent Thomas
Published: October 2017

We describe a numerical model to simulate the non-linear elasto-plastic dynamics of compressible materials. The model is fully Eulerian and it is discretized on a fixed Cartesian mesh. The hyperelastic constitutive law considered is neohookean and the plasticity model is based on a multiplicative decomposition of the inverse deformation tensor. The model is thermodynamically consistent and it is shown to be stable in the sense that the norm of the deviatoric stress tensor beyond yield is non increasing. The multimaterial integration scheme is based on a simple numerical flux function that keeps the interfaces sharp. Numerical illustrations in one to three space dimensions of high-speed multimaterial impacts in air are presented.
An Adaptive Finite Element PML Method for the Acoustic-Elastic Interaction in Three Dimensions
Authors: Jiang Xue , Li Peijun
Published: October 2017

Consider the scattering of a time-harmonic acoustic incident wave by a bounded, penetrable, and isotropic elastic solid, which is immersed in a homogeneous compressible air or fluid. The paper concerns the numerical solution for such an acoustic-elastic interaction problem in three dimensions. An exact transparent boundary condition (TBC) is developed to reduce the problem equivalently into a boundary value problem in a bounded domain. The perfectly matched layer (PML) technique is adopted to truncate the unbounded physical domain into a bounded computational domain. The well-posedness and exponential convergence of the solution are established for the truncated PML problem by using a PML equivalent TBC. An a posteriori error estimate based adaptive finite element method is developed to solve the scattering problem. Numerical experiments are included to demonstrate the competitive behavior of the proposed method.
Clinical Isolation of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in South Korea
Authors: Lee Seung Hun , Park Se Yoon , Jang Mi Jin , Choi Ki Ju , Lee Hae Kyung , Cho Young-Uk , Lee Yeong Seon , Kim Sung-Han , Hwang Seon Do
Published: October 2017

We report the first isolation of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in South Korea. A 61-year-old woman presented with a 6-day history of fever, headache, and myalgia. Initial investigation showed neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. We diagnosed human granulocytic anaplasmosis by microscopic examination and serologic testing. The patient recovered fully without antibiotic therapy. The isolate was obtained from the patient’s blood by cell culture and mouse inoculation. Its identity was confirmed by an immunofluorescence assay, sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, msp2 (p44), and ankA genes, and staining and electron microscopy of morulae of A. phagocytophilum in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.
Nonadherence to Antituberculosis Medications: The Impact of Stigma and Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Yan Shijiao , Zhang Shengchao , Tong Yeqing , Yin Xiaoxv , Lu Zuxun , Gong Yanhong
Published: October 2017

Medication nonadherence is common among tuberculosis (TB) patients in China and is of great concern. Herein, we determined the incidence of nonadherence in TB patients in central China and the impact of stigma and depressive symptoms on adherence; these issues are relatively unexplored. A cross-sectional survey was performed, and 1,342 TB patients were recruited from TB dispensaries in three counties in Hubei province using a multistage sampling method. The patients completed structured questionnaires that addressed medication adherence, TB-related stigma, and depressive symptoms. The independent effects of stigma and depressive symptoms on adherence were determined via multinomial logistic regression analysis. The mean medication adherence score was 6.03 ± 1.99. The percentage of TB patients with high, medium, and low medication adherence was 32.12%, 34.58%, and 33.31%, respectively. The impact of stigma and depressive symptoms on medication adherence was significant. TB patients with medium (odds ratios [OR]: 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–2.21) or high (OR: 5.32, 95% CI: 3.34–8.46) stigma or patients with mild (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.34–2.75) or severe (OR: 3.67, 95% CI: 2.04–6.61) depressive symptoms showed a higher likelihood of having low adherence than those with low stigma or without depressive symptoms. TB-related stigma and depressive symptoms were common among TB patients in China, as was nonadherence, and independently associated with their adherence behavior. Social and psychological interventions that combat stigmatization and depression in TB patients should be adopted and optimized to improve medication adherence.
Prostatic Abscess due to Burkholderia pseudomallei: Facilitating Diagnosis to Optimize Management
Authors: Kozlowska Jowita , Smith Simon , Roberts Jay , Pridgeon Simon , Hanson Josh
Published: October 2017

Prostatic involvement is common in men with melioidosis. Indeed, some clinicians recommend radiological screening of all male patients as an undrained prostatic abscess may result in relapse of this potentially fatal disease. However, sophisticated medical imaging is frequently unavailable in the remote and resource-poor locations where patients are managed. In this retrospective study from Queensland, Australia, 22/144 (15%) men with melioidosis had a radiologically confirmed prostatic abscess. The absence of urinary symptoms had a negative predictive value (NPV) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for prostatic abscess of 96% (90–99%), whereas a urinary leukocyte count of < 50 × 106/L had an NPV (95% CI) of 100% (94–100%). A simple clinical history and basic laboratory investigations appear to exclude significant prostatic involvement relatively reliably and might be used to identify patients in whom radiological evaluation of the prostate is unnecessary. This may be particularly helpful in locations where radiological support is limited.
An Analogue Investigation into the Effect of Trauma-related Rumination on Trauma Intrusions and the Moderating Role of Trait Rumination and Depression
Authors: Kubota Rie , Nixon Reginald D. V.
Published: October 2017

Trauma-related rumination is considered one cognitive process that underlies the maintenance of posttraumatic stress. However experimental findings for the effect of trauma-related rumination have been inconclusive and a moderating role of trait rumination has been speculated. Further, existing depression may also interact with trauma-related rumination to increase posttraumatic stress symptoms. The roles of trauma-related rumination, trait rumination and existing depression were therefore investigated. Healthy female participants watched an analogue trauma film and completed either film-related rumination or control inductions involving a distraction and free-thinking task in the first and second experiments, respectively. Participants' frequency of film-related intrusions and associated distress levels were assessed within the initial experimental session, over 1-week after the film and at 1-week follow-up. Induced rumination resulted in greater intrusion-related distress in the second experiment. However no consistent moderations of trait rumination and existing depression were found. Theoretical and clinical implications of findings are discussed.
Attentional bias following frustration in youth with psychopathic traits
Authors: Kosson David S. , McBride Cami K. , Miller Steven A. , Riser Nastassia R. E. , Whitman Lindsay A.
Published: October 2017

The emotional deficit perspective predicts that youth with psychopathic traits are relatively unresponsive to negative affective cues and display smaller attentional biases for affective stimuli following negative experiences than youth without psychopathic traits. In contrast, because the negative preception hypothesis predicts that youth with psychopathic traits learn to tune out negative affective experiences, it predicts that such youth exhibit greater attentional biases away from sadness-related stimuli following negative experiences than youth without psychopathic traits, and that these biases increase with age. This study was designed to test the conflicting predictions of the emotional deficit perspective and the negative preception hypothesis by administering an affective dot probe task to 135 male and female detained adolescents (13.06 to 17.62 years of age) following a frustration experience. Analyses showed that age moderated the impact of psychopathic traits: as age increased, higher levels of the affective-interpersonal component of psychopathy were associated with increasing attentional bias away from both sadness-related and happiness-related stimuli. These findings provide initial evidence corroborating the negative preception hypothesis in youth with psychopathic traits.
Eye contact takes two – autistic and social anxiety traits predict gaze behavior in dyadic interaction
Authors: Hessels Roy S. , Holleman Gijs A. , Cornelissen Tim H. W. , Hooge Ignace T. C. , Kemner Chantal
Published: October 2017

Research on social impairments in psychopathology has relied heavily on the face processing literature. However, although many sub-systems of facial information processing are described, recent evidence suggests that generalizability of these findings to social settings may be limited. The main argument is that in social interaction, the content of faces is more dynamic and dependent on the interplay between interaction partners, than the content of a non-responsive face (e.g. pictures or videos) as portrayed in a typical experiment. The question beckons whether gaze atypicalities to non-responsive faces in certain disorders generalize to faces in interaction. In the present study, a dual eye-tracking setup capable of recording gaze with high resolution was used to investigate how gaze behavior in interaction is related to traits of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). As clinical ASD and SAD groups have exhibited deficiencies in reciprocal social behavior, traits of these two conditions were assessed in a general population. We report that gaze behavior in interaction of individuals scoring high on ASD and SAD traits corroborates hypotheses posed in typical face-processing research using non-responsive stimuli. Moreover, our findings on the relation between paired gaze states (when and how often pairs look at each other’s eyes simultaneously or alternately) and ASD and SAD traits bear resemblance to prevailing models in the ASD literature (the ‘gaze aversion’ model) and SAD literature (the ‘vigilant-avoidance’ model). Pair-based analyses of gaze may reveal behavioral patterns crucial to our understanding of ASD and SAD, and more general to our understanding of eye movements as social signals in interaction.
Online Appointment-Scheduling for Optimizing a High Volume of Research Consultations
Authors: Cole Carmen , Reiter Lauren
Published: October 2017

Librarians at Penn State University piloted the online appointment-scheduling tool YouCanBook.me to determine its effectiveness in facilitating a high number of research consultations and improving an embedded service model. Librarians sought to leverage the tool to work with as many students as possible while balancing other duties. This article details using YouCanBook.me for this specific application, provides data and evaluation of the pilot, and explores possibilities for scaling usage of this scheduling tool in other library settings, both large and small.
Noteworthy: News Briefs from PA Libraries
Authors: McGeary Bryan James
Published: October 2017

N/A
Characterization of entrepreneurial intention in university students as from Systemic Entrepreneurship Intention Model: a case study
Authors:   Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences. Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios - UNIMINUTO Campus Bello, Cra. 45 No. 22D-25, Km 0 Freeway Medellín-Bogotá (Colombia). jairo.torres@uniminuto.edu, Torres Velásquez Jairo Adolfo , Valencia Arias Alejandro ,   Departament of Administrative Sciences. Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences. CLL 54 A 30-01 Neighborhood Boston - Campus Fraternidad of ITM. Parque i Medellín, (Colombia). jhoanyvalencia@itm.edu.co, Bermúdez Hernández Jonathan ,   Departament of Administrative Sciences. Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences. CLL 54 A 30-01 Neighborhood Boston - Campus Fraternidad of ITM. Parque i Medellín, (Colombia). jonathanbermudez@itm.edu.co, Díez-Echavarría Luisa Fernanda ,   Departament of Finances.Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences. CLL 54 A 30-01 Neighborhood Boston - Campus Fraternidad of ITM. Parque i Medellín, (Colombia). luisadiez@itm.edu.co, Urrego Marín María Lucelly ,   Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences. Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios - UNIMINUTO Campus Bello, Cra. 45 No. 22D-25, Km 0 Freeway Medellín-Bogotá (Colombia). murregomari@uniminuto.edu.co, Maussa Pérez Fausto Orlando ,   Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences. Carrera 87 # 30 – 65, Medelliín (Colombia). fmaussa@udem.edu.co
Published: October 2017

This paper presents a characterization of the entrepreneurial intention of university students in the city of Medellin. It is based on a quantitative methodological design from a self-administered questionnaire that was applied and validated to 879 students. This questionnaire collected data about the main factors reported in the Systemic Entrepreneurship Intention Model. Factors or components that describe behavior patterns when undertaking a new company were identified through a principal component and cluster analysis. The results identify two factors that explain most of the data variance: the first one is the perceived viability by students to carry out processes of new companies, and the second one is the convenience factor that brings the creation a company. Furthermore, three groups or clusters of students with common characteristics in their entrepreneurial intention were identified. First, the “entrepreneurs” are characterized by having a positive attitude and aptitude regarding entrepreneurship. The second group is “neutral” and they are subjects partially affected or indifferent about wanting to start a new company. Finally, the group of “non-entrepreneurs” is composed of individuals who showed behavior of apathy towards entrepreneurship.
Label Claims Influences on Acceptance: Consumers’ Changes Expectation and Intention in a Case Study with Functional Chocolate Ice Cream
Authors: A. B. Palazzo , H. M. A. Bolini
Published: October 2017

Label claims leads to consumer driven toward food purchase intention and acceptance. The aim of this study is provide information about label influences using a diet chocolate ice cream. The ice cream was sweetened with polydextrose, maltitol and neosucralose. A group of 112 consumers expressed their perception under two conditions: blind (only testing samples) and informed (evaluating samples with label claim), using two scales: a 9-cm unstructured hedonic scale and a 5-point purchase intention questionnaire. An analysis of variance, Tukey´s test and PCA were calculated. Considering overall liking, consumers differed significantly the samples (P≤0.05) and claims containing “Fiber” were more accepted. Furthermore, the purchase intention was higher under the informed condition, mainly affected by claim with “Fiber”, and so by term “Zero”. These findings showed that changes in the functional property claim influenced consumers’ acceptance. In general, they preferred healthy information, like “With Fiber” and dislike terms associated “Diet” words.
Microhematuria at Point of Care
Authors: Tedesco Martina , Casati Lorenzo , Cozzi Silvia , Vignati Barbara , Civita Federica , Clementi Ilaria , Gambaretti Matteo , Magistrelli Elio , Magistri Simone , Monticelli Pietro , Paganuzzi Marco Maria , Santovito Luca Spiro , Ticini Lorenzo , Vergallito Davide , Volontè Martina , Zerini Federica , Gregori Andrea , Elli Marco , Gallieni Maurizio
Published: October 2017

The case of a 35-year-old man presenting microscopic hematuria allows the following topics to be examined in depth: 1. How is hematuria defined and classified? 2. What are the causes of hematuria? 3. Hematuria is an important sign for the diagnosis of cancer of the urinary system. What are the risk factors for bladder carcinoma? 4. What is the role of the urinary dipstick test in the diagnosis of hematuria? 5. What is the role of the examination of urine sediment in the diagnosis of hematuria? 6. Once microscopic hematuria is confirmed, how can we proceed to reach a final diagnosis?
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Cancer and Clinical Oncology, Vol. 6, No. 2
Authors: Grey Lexie
Published: October 2017

Cancer and Clinical Oncology wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.Cancer and Clinical Oncology is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/reviewer and e-mail the completed application form to cco@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 2Aditya R Bele, University of Florida, USAAkhilesh Kumar, University of Wisconsin, USADhaarini Murugan, Oregon Health and Science University, USAHao Xie, Yale-New Haven Hospital Yale University School of Medicine, United StatesHemendra Mod, Aaruni Hospital PVT Ltd, IndiaJuan Luis Callejas Valera, UCSD/Moores Cancer Center, United StatesKaushik Thakkar, Stanford University, USAManal Mehibel, Stanford University, USAMark G Trombetta, Temple University School of Medicine, United StatesMohammed Abdelmoneam Osman, General Organization for Teaching Hospitals, EgyptMona Mostafa Mohamed, Cairo University, EgyptRajesh Kumar, Cancer Center MGH/Harvard Medical School, USASahar Ahmed Abdalbary, Cairo University, EgyptXin Wang, Sichuan University, China
What Effects Repurchase Intention of Online Shopping
Authors: Suhaily Lily , Soelasih Yasintha
Published: October 2017

The development of the internet raises opportunities for the marketing of a product and bring new forms for retail transactions, one of which is online shopping.  Furthermore with the Internet, online consumers more easily gain access to information and they offered a wide variety of products and services that can be selected at competitive prices. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is influence of E-Service Quality, Price Perception and Experiential Marketing to Repurchase Intention which mediated by Customer Satisfaction in On-line Shopping. The amount of samples is 180 respondents. Questionnaires were distributed to respondents who have shopped using online shopping with random sampling method. This study uses data analysis of Structural Equation Modeling by using Lisrel software. The result showed that there is the influence of e-service quality to customer satisfaction and to repurchase intention, while repurchase intention has negative influence occurs. Furthermore, price has no influence to customer satisfaction but has an influence to repurchase intention. Experiential marketing has no influence to customer satisfaction and repurchase intention. Customer satifaction has positive effect on repurchase intention. The effect of e-service quality and experiential marketing through customer satisfaction as mediation variable has no influence to repurchase intention, while price perception influence to repurchase intention.
Veilig uitgaan: tegenstrijdige gevoelens over inzet politie en andere maatregelen
Authors: Brands Jelle , van Aalst Irina
Published: October 2017

Fear of crime and the night-time economy: ambiguity in feelings about police and other safe nightlife measures

Urban nightlife areas are widely renowned for their emotionally charged nature, affording greater opportunities for transgressions of social norms compared to daytime contexts. Yet, the ways nightlife consumers experience safety in the public spaces of nightlife areas has received limited attention in the academic literatures. This article approaches experienced safety in the public spaces of nightlife areas as emerging from encounters between human and non-human (material, social, cultural) elements grounded in time and space. Such elements include the characteristics of the built environment, the design of public space, police presence, lighting and also first and secondhand experiences and popular media discourses more generally. We hypothesized that encounters between such elements necessarily renders some ambiguity in experienced safety, in the sense that the effect of a particular element on experienced safety is always coproduced in the unfolding encounter. By drawing on a series of interviews with Dutch students in Utrecht, various types of ambiguity are shown to exist depending on both the particularities of the situation at hand and based on differences between individual circumstance and life course. Ambiguity is also shown to exist in the sense that mentioned elements may both comfort and alarm participants at the same time. Our findings infer that we should implement ‘safer nightlife’ initiatives that are tailored to particular contexts, situations and publics. The results also suggest that current interventions seeking to stimulate safety in urban nightlife settings might not be as successful in reducing/enhancing (un)safety as (popular) policy and media discourses have suggested.
Uwarunkowania poczucia dobrostanu psychicznego u dzieci w środowisku szkolnym
Authors: Farnicka Marzanna , Liberska Hanna
Published: October 2017

The paper presents the results of a study aimed at the identification of selected subjective and situational determinants of the well-being of children and their adaptation to the environment of an elementary school. The study was conducted on a group of pupils from grades II to V (N = 173) and was based on an analysis of the questionnaires: SPAS (Boersma Chapman 1979), SUSPO (Mikšik 2004) and own tool QSL. The results indicated the determinants of changes in well-being in time related to the sense of exclusion and level of sadness. An analysis of the data pointed to the spheres of the educational environment changes in which could increase the level of child satisfaction from schooling and learning.
Zwodnicza szczerość(?) Jana Jakuba Rousseau czyli narracja jako kreacja i doświadczanie świata
Authors: Dagiel Małgorzata
Published: October 2017

Literature remains somehow suspended between fiction and the truth, between pretending and authenticity. Each type of narration is, at the same time, a story and a creation, constructing the world portrayed on the experience of the speaker, taking into account the addressee, requirements of the genre selected and a set of ready-made schemas. The article analyses selected autobiographical works by J.J. Rousseau as a form of literary creation, as texts of culture that are rich in meaning, as the meeting place for the speaker, the text and the reader. It presents the attitude of the author/narrator towards the presented reality and the interesting process of its subjectivization, interpretation and evaluation.
First record of the genus Spinaethorax Papáč & Palacios-Vargas, 2016 (Collembola, Neelipleona, Neelidae) in Asia, with a new species from a Vietnamese cave.
Authors: Schneider Clément , Deharveng Louis
Published: October 2017

A new species of the genus Spinaethorax Papáč & Palacios-Vargas, 2016, recently erected for two cave species of Mexico, is described from a Vietnamese cave. It differs from the Mexican species most noticeably by the dorsal chaetotaxy of the head (number and morphology of chaetae), the shape of S-chaetae on the third antennomere, the dorsal chaetotaxy of the abdomen and the chaetotaxy of the dens. The pattern of special τ-chaetae is described for the first time in the genus. The affinities between Spinaethorax and the other genera of Neelipleona are discussed. Spinaethorax is probably closely related to Neelus Folsom, 1896. A table of the differential characters is provided for the three known species of Spinaethorax. Spinaethorax appears to be restricted to caves, but its presence in Vietnam indicates that this genus has a much larger distribution than previously recognized.
Take a Cost‐Effective Approach to Online Water Quality Monitoring
Authors: Umberg Matt , Rogers Ralph
Published: October 2017

Does your drinking water utility fully realize how water quality changes in its distribution system? Online water quality monitoring instruments installed in a system produce continuous, real‐time data that can be used to better understand water quality.
The Meaning of Mood – Embedded Clauses in Spanish as a Case in Point
Authors: Jensen Helle Dam
Published: October 2017

Mental space theory is a cognitive framework that explains the interpretation of linguistic expressions: it explains how interlocutors get from input to output. Whereas in traditional semantics words are taken to possess a static, prefabricated meaning, cognitive frameworks take meaning to be the result of an interpretive process.This article explains how mental space theory can be used in an analysis of mood in embedded clauses in Spanish. It starts from the assumption that the meaning of mood is constructed by interlocutors in an interpretive process on the basis of information from the modal morphemes combined with information from the linguistic as well as the extra-linguistic context. The interpretive process is represented as a sequence of mental spaces which are linked and structured on the basis of information from language and context.
Quantitative 3D-imaging for cell biology and ecology of environmental microbial eukaryotes
Authors: Colin Sebastien , Coelho Luis Pedro , Sunagawa Shinichi , Bowler Chris , Karsenti Eric , Bork Peer , Pepperkok Rainer , de Vargas Colomban
Published: October 2017

We present a 3D-fluorescence imaging and classification tool for high throughput analysis of microbial eukaryotes in environmental samples. It entails high-content feature extraction that permits accurate automated taxonomic classification and quantitative data about organism ultrastructures and interactions. Using plankton samples from the Tara Oceans expeditions, we validate its applicability to taxonomic profiling and ecosystem analyses, and discuss its potential for future integration of eukaryotic cell biology into evolutionary and ecological studies.
Diagnostic potential for a serum miRNA neural network for detection of ovarian cancer
Authors: Elias Kevin M , Fendler Wojciech , Stawiski Konrad , Fiascone Stephen J , Vitonis Allison F , Berkowitz Ross S , Frendl Gyorgy , Konstantinopoulos Panagiotis , Crum Christopher P , Kedzierska Magdalena , Cramer Daniel W , Chowdhury Dipanjan
Published: October 2017

Recent studies posit a role for non-coding RNAs in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Combining small RNA sequencing from 179 human serum samples with a neural network analysis produced a miRNA algorithm for diagnosis of EOC (AUC 0.90; 95% CI: 0.81–0.99). The model significantly outperformed CA125 and functioned well regardless of patient age, histology, or stage. Among 454 patients with various diagnoses, the miRNA neural network had 100% specificity for ovarian cancer. After using 325 samples to adapt the neural network to qPCR measurements, the model was validated using 51 independent clinical samples, with a positive predictive value of 91.3% (95% CI: 73.3–97.6%) and negative predictive value of 78.6% (95% CI: 64.2–88.2%). Finally, biologic relevance was tested using in situ hybridization on 30 pre-metastatic lesions, showing intratumoral concentration of relevant miRNAs. These data suggest circulating miRNAs have potential to develop a non-invasive diagnostic test for ovarian cancer.
Water absorption through salivary gland type I acini in the blacklegged tick,Ixodes scapularis
Authors: Kim Donghun , Maldonado-Ruiz Paulina , Zurek Ludek , Park Yoonseong
Published: October 2017

Tick salivary glands play critical roles in maintaining water balance for survival, as they eliminate excess water and ions during blood feeding on hosts. In the long duration of fasting in the off-host period, ticks secrete hygroscopic saliva into the mouth cavity to uptake atmospheric water vapor. Type I acini of tick salivary glands are speculated to be involved in secretion of hygroscopic saliva based on ultrastructure studies. However, we recently proposed that type I acini play a role in resorption of water/ions from the primary saliva produced by other salivary acini (i.e., types II and III) during the tick blood feeding phase. In this study, we tested the function of type I acini in unfed femaleIxodes scapularis. The route of ingested water was tracked after forced feeding of water with fluorescent dye rhodamine123. We found that type-I acini of the salivary glands, but not type II and III, are responsible for water uptake. In addition, the ingestion of water through the midgut was also observed. Injection or feeding of ouabain, a Na/K-ATPase inhibitor, suppressed water absorption in type I acini. WhenI. scapulariswas offered a droplet of water, ticks rarely imbibed water directly (5%), while some approached the water droplet to use the high humidity formed in the vicinity of the droplet (23%). We conclude that during both on- and off-host stages, type I acini in salivary glands of femaleIxodes scapularisabsorb water and ions.
Effect of water movement on the growth of Gelidium robustum (Gardn.) Hollenb. and Abb. (Rhodophyta)
Authors: Pacheco-Ruíz I , Zertuche-González JA
Published: October 2017

The growth of Gelidium robustum (Gardn.) Hollenb. and Abb. was measured in situ and in cultivation tanks under different current and agitation velocities. The hypothesis that growth of G. robustum increases from the effect of water movement over the plant was tested. It was demonstrated in situ that zones with greater water movement (> 1.4 m s–1) stimulated the growth of G. robustum (> 1.0% day–1, wet weight). Growth was directly proportional to water movement under semicontrolled cultivation conditions. The treatment with the greatest dynamics demonstrated a growth of 3.6% day–1. The maximum growth reported in this study for G. robustum is greater than the previously registered maximum for this species (2.3 versus 3.6% day–1, wet weight).
Cerro prieto and its relation to the gulf of California spreading centers
Authors: Quintanilla-Montoya AL , Suárez-Vidal F
Published: October 2017

The Cerro Prieto geothermal field is located in the Mexicali Valley, Baja California. Tectonically, this northern part of the Gulf of California has been classified as a spreading center, within a transitional area of oceanic to continental conditions. Thermal, geologic-tectonic and magnetic evidence has been used to postulate the existence of a heat source in the area that is associated with magmatic processes, similar to those that occur in a typical oceanic spreading center. Based on the petrography and geochemistry of the volcanic rocks obtained during the drilling of the Wells in the geothermal field, the rocks were classified as: basalts, basalt-andesites, andesites and dacites. The petrogenetic model of the intrusive volcanic bodies that is proposed for the area of crustal spreading at Cerro Prieto is different from the one proposed tor a typical oceanic spreading center, as is the case for the spreading centers located in the Gulf of California. This region of continental basaltic magmatism is complex due to: a) chemical composition and mineralogy of the mantle source, b) partial melting of the parent magma, c) magma segregation depth, and d) extension of the fractioned crystallization and the melting processes during the storage of the magma in the upper levels of the magmatic chamber.
Shrinkage of haddock larvae Melanogrammus aeglefinus Linnaeus (1758) preserved in ethanol.
Authors: Quiñonez-Velázquez C , Chaumillon G
Published: October 2017

Changes in standard length of field-collected larvae and juveniles, due to preservation in 95% ethanol, were studied in haddock ranging from 2.5 to 82 mm log. Estimates of fresh standard length of haddock from ethanol-preserved specimens show that ethanol causes larvae of all lengths to shrink. The average shrinkage was 26.8% in newly hatched, 2.5-5 mm, larvae and decreased with increasing size. Shrinkage is related to size; larger larvae generally shrink proportionally less than smaller larvae.
Quantitation of Venous Clot Lysis With D-Dimer Assay During Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Zou Junjie , Jiao Yuanyong , Jiang Jun , Yang Hongyu , Ma Hao , Zhang Xiwei , Ye Qin , Wang Hong
Published: October 2017

This study evaluated whether D-dimer (DD) concentration analysis is a useful approach for noninvasive monitoring of clot lysis during catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). DD levels have been found to be elevated during fibrinolytic therapy for DVT. Therefore, measuring the level of DD is a potential alternative method to assess the effect of fibrinolytic therapy. From January 2013 to March 2014, 32 patients with symptomatic acute DVT involving the iliac or femoral veins were treated using CDT. Urokinase was the thrombolytic agent. Demographics, procedural details, DD concentration, and thrombus score were recorded before and after the thrombolytic therapy. The peak DD concentration was 35.35 ± 11.18 μg/mL during CDT therapy, and the time-integrated DD concentration was 157.95 ± 69.46 μg·d/mL. The peak DD concentrations were higher in patients with substantial lysis compared with those in patients with minimal or no lysis (40 ± 0 versus 30.7 ± 14.57 μg/mL; P = 0.016). The time-integrated DD concentrations were also higher in patients with substantial lysis compared with those in patients with minimal or no lysis (194.14 ± 37.57 units versus 121.75 ± 75.93 units, P = 0.002). There was a moderate correlation (r = 0.57) between the peak DD level and the lysed clot volume. There was also a correlation between the time-integrated DD and clot lysis (r = 0.65). DD concentration analysis offers an alternative approach to noninvasive monitoring of venous clot lysis during CDT for DVT.
Investigation of Changes in Extreme Temperature and Humidity Over China Through a Dynamical Downscaling Approach
Authors: Zhu Jinxin , Huang Gordon , Wang Xiuquan , Cheng Guanhui
Published: November 2017

Impacts of climate change relating to public health are often determined by multiple climate variables. The health‐related metrics combining high‐temperature and relative humidity are most concerned. Temperatures, relative humidity and relationship among them are investigated here for a comprehensive assessment of climate change impacts over China. A projection of combined temperatures and humidity through the PRECIS model is addressed. The PRECIS model's skill in reproducing the historical climate over China was first gauged through validating its historical simulation with the observation data set in terms of the two contributing variables. With good results of validation, a plausible range of combined temperatures and relative humidity were generated under RCPs. The results suggested that the annual mean temperature of China will increase up to 6°C at the end of 21st century. Opposite to the significantly change in the temperature, the maximum magnitude of changes in relative humidity is only 8% from the value in the baseline period. The dew point temperature is projected to be 14.9°C (within the comfortable interval) over the whole nation under high radiative forcing scenario at the end of this century. Therefore, the combination effects of high temperatures and relative humidity are substantially smaller than generally anticipated for China. Even though the impact‐relevant metric like the dew point temperature is not projected as bad as the generally anticipated, we found that the frequency of high‐temperature extremes increases up to 40% and the duration increases up to 150% in China. China is still expected to have more number of extremely hot days, more frequent high‐temperature extremes, and longer duration of warm spell than before. Regionally, South China has the smallest changes in the mean, maximum and minimum temperatures while the largest increases in all five high‐temperature indices. Consequently, the climate over South China for two future periods will be changing more drastically than the baseline period. Extra cautions need to be given to South China in the future.
Oxygen Ions O+ Energized by Kinetic Alfvén Eigenmode During Dipolarizations of Intense Substorms
Authors: Duan Suping , Dai Lei , Wang Chi , He Zhaohai , Cai Chunlin , Zhang Y. C. , Dandouras I. , Reme H. , André M. , Khotyaintsev Y. V.
Published: October 2017

Singly charged oxygen ions, O+, energized by kinetic Alfvén wave eigenmode (KAWE) in the plasma sheet boundary layer during dipolarizations of two intense substorms, 10:07 UT on 31 August 2004 and 18:24 UT on 14 September 2004, are investigated by Cluster spacecraft in the magnetotail. It is found that after the beginning of the expansion phase of substorms, O+ ions are clearly energized in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field with energy larger than 1 keV in the near‐Earth plasma sheet during magnetic dipolarizations. The pitch angle distribution of these energetic O+ ions is significantly different from that of O+ ions with energy less than 1 keV before substorm onset that is in the quasi‐parallel direction along the magnetic field. The KAWE with the large perpendicular unipolar electric field, Ez ~ −20 mV/m, significantly accelerates O+ ions in the direction perpendicular to the background magnetic field. We present good evidences that O+ ion origin from the ionosphere along the magnetic field line in the northward lobe can be accelerated in the perpendicular direction during substorm dipolarizations. The change of the move direction of O+ ions is useful for O+ transferring from the lobe into the central plasma sheet in the magnetotail. Thus, KAWE can play an important role in O+ ion transfer process from the lobe into the plasma sheet during intense substorms.
Illuminating the nomological network of digital aggression: Results from two studies
Authors: Burt S. Alexandra , Alhabash Saleem
Published: November 2017

We examined the nomological network surrounding digital aggression (DA), in regards to other forms of aggression/antisocial behavior and individual difference variables commonly associated with other forms of aggression/antisocial behavior. Two large samples of university students (N = 713 and 633, respectively) completed a series of questionnaires and in some cases, an additional experience sampling study. Results revealed that, in emerging adulthood, DA appears to have a unique demographic profile relative to the other forms of aggression and antisocial behavior. Results further suggested that, when examined simultaneously, only social aggression and non‐aggressive rule‐breaking evidenced independent associations with DA. These associations persisted even in the absence of social media use. Unique associations with most individual difference variables dissipated once we controlled for social aggression and rule‐breaking, although DA was independently associated with extraversion and alcohol use problems. Such findings begin to embed DA in its broader nomological network and suggest clear functional links with both social aggression and non‐aggressive rule‐breaking.
Carbon fibers derived from wet‐spinning of equi‐component lignin/polyacrylonitrile blends
Authors: Jin Jing , Ogale Amod A.
Published: October 2017

Equi‐component blends of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and lignin, i.e., with a lignin content as large as 50 wt %, were successfully used as precursors to produce carbon fibers. Rheological measurements demonstrated that increasing lignin content in spinning solution reduced shear viscosity and normal stress, indicating a decrease of viscoelastic behavior. This was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared results that show no discernable chemical reaction or crosslinking between PAN and lignin in the solution. However, the resulting carbon fibers display a large ID/IG ratio (by Raman spectroscopy) indicating a larger disordered as compared to that from pure PAN. The macro‐voids in the lignin/PAN blend fibers typically generated during wet‐spinning were eliminated by adding lignin in the coagulant bath to counter‐balance the out‐diffusion of lignin. Carbon fibers resulting from lignin/PAN blends with 50 wt % lignin content displayed a tensile strength and modulus of 1.2 ± 0.1 and 130 ± 3 GPa, respectively, establishing that the equi‐component wet‐spun L/P‐based carbon fibers possessed tensile strength and modulus higher than 1 and 100 GPa. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45903.
Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Treatment With Reduced Indices of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients With Psoriatic Disease
Authors: Eder Lihi , Joshi Aditya A. , Dey Amit K. , Cook Richard , Siegel Evan L. , Gladman Dafna D. , Mehta Nehal N.
Published: October 2017

Objective

To assess the effect of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) on subclinical cardiovascular disease in patients with psoriatic disease.

Methods

We performed a 2‐stage study. In stage 1, carotid total plaque area was assessed in patients with psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) (n = 319) by ultrasound at baseline and after 2–3 years. The annual progression rate of atherosclerosis was the outcome of interest. In stage 2, PsA patients receiving TNFi (n = 21) and age‐ and sex‐matched PsA patients not receiving any biologic agent (n = 13) underwent 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography/computed tomography at baseline and 1 year to assess vascular inflammation, measured as target‐to‐background ratio (TBR). In both stages, multivariable regression analyses adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors and use of statins were performed.

Results

In stage 1, men had significantly higher atherosclerosis progression than women (P < 0.001). TNFi was associated with reduced atherosclerosis progression in men after controlling for cardiovascular risk and use of statins (adjusted β = −2.20 [95% confidence interval −3.41, −1.00], P < 0.001). There was no association between TNFi and atherosclerosis progression in women (P = 0.74). In stage 2, patients receiving TNFi had reduced TBR at 1 year (P = 0.03). Those not receiving TNFi had no significant change in TBR (P = 0.32). The improvement in aortic vascular inflammation in the TNFi group was independent of cardiovascular risk factors (adjusted β = −0.41 [95% confidence interval −0.74, −0.08], P = 0.02).

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that TNFi treatment is associated with reduced progression of carotid plaques in men and improvement in vascular inflammation in both men and women with psoriatic disease.
Meta-analysis of microsatellite instability in relation to clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival in gastric cancer
Authors: Polom K , Marano L , Marrelli D , De Luca R , Roviello G , Savelli V , Tan P , Roviello F
Published: November 2017

Background

Several associations between microsatellite instability (MSI) and other clinicopathological factors have been reported in gastric cancer, but the results have been ambiguous. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the relationship between MSI and overall survival and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with gastric cancer.

Methods

A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Cochrane and Ovid databases until 31 January 2016 was performed in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The articles were screened independently according to PICO (population, intervention, comparator, outcome) eligibility criteria. All eligible articles were evaluated independently by two reviewers for risk of bias according to the Quality In Prognosis Study tool.

Results

Overall, 48 studies with a total of 18 612 patients were included. MSI was found in 9·2 per cent of patients (1718 of 18 612), and was associated with female sex (odds ratio (OR) 1·57, 95 per cent c.i. 1·31 to 1·89; P < 0·001), older age (OR 1·58, 2·20 to 1·13; P < 0·001), intestinal Laurén histological type (OR 2·23, 1·94 to 2·57; P < 0·001), mid/lower gastric location (OR 0·38, 0·32 to 0·44; P < 0·001), lack of lymph node metastases (OR 0·70, 0·57 to 0·86, P < 0·001) and TNM stage I–II (OR 1·77, 1·47 to 2·13; P < 0·001). The pooled hazard ratio for overall survival of patients with MSI versus those with non-MSI gastric cancer from 21 studies was 0·69 (95 per cent c.i. 0·56 to 0·86; P < 0·001).

Conclusion

MSI in gastric cancer was associated with good overall survival, reflected in several favourable clinicopathological tumour characteristics.
Isolation and Antifouling Activity of Azulene Derivatives from the Antarctic Gorgonian Acanthogorgia laxa
Authors: Patiño Cano Laura P. , Quintana Manfredi Rodrigo , Pérez Miriam , García Mónica , Blustein Guillermo , Cordeiro Ralf , Pérez Carlos D. , Schejter Laura , Palermo Jorge A.
Published: November 2017

Three azulenoid sesquiterpenes (1 – 3) were isolated from the Antarctic gorgonian Acanthogorgia laxa collected by bottom trawls at −343 m. Besides linderazulene (1), and the known ketolactone 2, a new brominated C16 linderazulene derivative (3) was also identified. This compound has an extra carbon atom at C(7) of the linderazulene framework. The antifouling activity of compounds 1 and 2 was assayed in the laboratory with Artemia salina larvae, and also in field tests, by incorporation in soluble‐matrix experimental antifouling paints. The results obtained after a 45 days field trial of the paints, showed that compounds 1 and 2 displayed good antifouling potencies against a wide array of organisms. Compound 3, a benzylic bromide, was unstable and for this reason was not submitted to bioassays. Two known cembranolides: pukalide and epoxypukalide, were also identified as minor components of the extract.
Delayed diagnosis of Brugada syndrome in a patient with aborted sudden cardiac death and initial negative flecainide challenge
Authors: Chauveau Samuel , Le Vavasseur Olivier , Chevalier Philippe
Published: November 2017

Key Clinical Message

A negative flecainide challenge does not rule out Brugada syndrome even in the presence of nonfatal cardiac arrest as the first manifestation of the disease. This should prompt clinicians to ensure long‐term ECG follow‐up and consider repeating a drug test with another sodium channel blocker.