bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF POSSIBILITIES FOR THE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF AGROBIOMASS BRIQUETTES IN UKRAINE. PART 1
Authors: Geletukha G.G. , Zheliezna T.A. , Drahniev S.V. , Bashtovyi A.I.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the work is to analyze existing preconditions, driving forces, and barriers for the widespread introduction of the production and use of fuel briquettes from biomass in Ukraine. The task of the work is to determine the advantages and prospects of the process, first of all, for domestic consumers, as well as to develop recommendations for creating a positive environment for the development of this segment of bioenergy in Ukraine. This part of the paper presents the current state of the market for solid biofuels in Ukraine. It is shown that in the biofuel market, the largest segment is solid biofuel in the form of firewood, wood chips, pellets and biomass briquettes, baled straw. Currently, a large amount of pellets and briquettes are exported from Ukraine to Europe due to the insufficient demand in the domestic market. The main features of the solid biofuels production in Ukraine are regional unevenness and relative non-uniformity of production as well as a large number of small-scale enterprises that work with traders. The advantages of the use of biomass briquettes as fuel were analyzed. The main advantages are the conformity of characteristics of briquettes with the requirements of boiler equipment for fuel, better ecological indicators in comparison with the burning of low-quality wood, no needs for specialized energy equipment in contrast with the use of pellets, availability of a significant amount of feedstock especially for briquettes from the biomass of agricultural origin. The current volume of the Ukrainian market for fuel briquettes from biomass for individual heating of the population can be estimated at the level of 500 th. t/year with its growth to over 3 million t/year until 2035. This part of the paper considers possible types of feedstock for the production of fuel briquettes and requirements for it. It is noted that the feedstock for the production of fuel briquettes can be soft and hard wood, straw, reed, sunflower husk, rice and buckwheat husk, flax sheave, and other vegetable residues. Typical requirements for the feedstock: water content – 6...12%, fraction composition – 2...10 mm.
ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION OF RADIOACTIVE DUST TRANSFER AT THE NEW SAFE CONFINEMENT OF CHNPP OPERATION
Authors: Krukovsky P.G. , Metel M.A. , Deineko A.I. , Skliarenko D.I.
Published: December 2018

The results of analysis and forecasting of the radioactive aerosols (RA) spread in the New Safe Confinement (NSC) under various conditions are presented. The conditions for the commissioning NSC, operation, dismantling of the OS (early dismantling) and removal of radioactive waste from the central hall of the OS are considered. Such analysis and forecasting was performed using computer CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model of the OS and NSC. The model takes into account sedimentation, accumulation and secondary dust emissions on the surfaces under the NSC, which allows obtaining distributions of surface contamination and determine the places of the highest contamination. References 5, tables 1, figures 5.
RESEARCH THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROCESS OF PYROLYSIS OF METHANE IN THE ELECTROTHERMAL FLUIDISED BED
Authors: Simeiko K.V.
Published: December 2018

The main products of high-temperature pyrolysis of methane are carbon and hydrogen. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, pyrocarbon and pyrographite can be used in various industries and energy. Hydrogen is an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly energy carrier. Despite the large number of research works on methane pyrolysis, carrying out of this process in the electrothermal fluidized bed (ETFB) is not studied enough.

The purpose of the study is to determine the thermophysical characteristics of the process of methane pyrolysis (the main products of the reaction are hydrogen and pyrocarbon) in reactors with different types of ETFB.

The temperature of the complete disposition of methane to carbon and hydrogen is 800 K. This value is based on the thermodynamic calculations.

A laboratory and a pilot plant with a different type of ETFB have been created for this process.

Experimental studies of the process of methane pyrolysis had been carried out on these plants and experimental data were compared with the calculations.

The method which allows to determine the amount of precipitated carbon has been developed. It is based on the gas analysis data. Nusselt's criterion for different types of reactors with ETFB has been calculated.

It was showed that electrothermal heating of a fluidized bed of conductive particles is much more efficient than the external electric heating of a fluidized bed. This result is based on previous researches. It is explained by the direct influence of the plasma of microcircuits and by advantages of heat generation directly in the middle of the fluidized bed.

Taking into account the obtained results and the specifics of the application of the pyrocarbon coating on dielectric materials, a scheme of a reactor with ETFB, which allows to use both external heating and classical ETFB at the same time, has been developed.
SUPERVISI AKADEMIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR KATOLIK: UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU DALAM PENYUSUNAN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN (RPP)
Authors: Andreas Siprianus
Published: December 2018

The main purpose of this school is action research to help improve the competence of pedagogy teachers in Catholic Elementary School Magetlegar, in drawing up the plan of study that correspond to the standards of competence of each of the subjects to be-be a reference in the learning process so that the learners are able to achieve the minimum ketuntasan criterion. This type of research is Research conducted in Schools Action three stages, namely the preparation, implementation and evaluation and reflection, and performed at least in two cycles. See data acquisition results of research in the research activities of this school action, it can be concluded that the academic supervision conducted by the principal against the teachers, managed to enhance their pedagogic competence in putting together a Planning Study. Academic supervision conducted by the principal managed to increase the competence of pedagogy teachers in drawing up the planning of learning.
Antipathetic Effect of Euphorbia Hirta on Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Upadhyay Versha
Published: December 2018

The use of plant compounds to treat infection is an age old practice in a large part of the world, especially in developing countries, where there is depend.ence on traditional medicine for a variety of diseases. Euphorbia sp. are used in traditional medicines. Hypotensive and tonic properties are also reported in E. hirta. The aqueous extract exhibits anxiolytic, analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Methanolic extract of leaves have antifungal and antibacterial activities. In this work different concentration shows as 100, 75, 50, 25% and under controlled gave inhibition zone as 9.33, 6.02, 4.48, 3.66 but controlled patriplaite full of microorganism
Experimental Study on Effect of Laser Hardening Parameters on Carbon Steel, Non-Malleable Cast iron and X20Cr13 Materials
Authors: Prashanthi K. , Ramakrishna B.
Published: December 2018

Laser hardening is a surface heat treatment process used to enhance tribological and mechanical properties of metals which also leads to increase in service life of the components. Material removal, wear and tear, load concentration occurs mostly at rotating and reciprocating parts. Hence it is sufficient to enhance the hardness of a component at functional areas rather than the entire component. Laser hardening process is designed to change the microstructure of metals through controlled heating and cooling to get a modified surface. The constraints of traditional surface heat treatment process such as inability to treat specific area, distortion, poor degree of controllability, requirement of a quenching medium, long cycle time can be overcome by using Laser surface heat treatment and in addition to that it can be automated. With its benefits Laser surface hardening turns out to be a cost effective and energy saving process. The presented work is an investigation of the laser surface hardening via experimental results making use of a 6 axis robotic arm and a 10KW high power diode laser system as heat source with a wavelength of 980nm on leading automotive parts such as retainer, hub, and turbine blade whose materials being non-malleable cast iron, carbon steel, X20Cr13 respectively. Process parameters such as laser power from power source, scan speed were varied to understand the influence on resulting heat treated surface and efforts were made to optimize the process parameters to attain maximum hardness for the component to enhance its working life.
A Detailed Experimental Study on The Flexural Behaviour of Concrete Filled Steel Tube Beams
Authors: Heena Shaik , Rizwan Syed , Dadapeer A.B.S.
Published: December 2018

Concrete filled steel tubes (CFST) member have many advantages compared with the ordinary structural member made of steel or reinforced concrete. One of the main advantages is the interaction between the steel tube and concrete. Concrete delays the steel tube’s local buckling, whereas the steel tube confines the concrete and thereby increases the concrete’s strength. CFSTs are economical and permit rapid construction because the steel tube serves as formwork and reinforcement to the concrete fill, negating the need for either. The deformation capacity of the system is increased by the combined action of the concrete fill with the thin, ductile steel tube. The concrete fill significantly increases inelastic deformation capacity and the compressive stiffness and load capacity of the CFST member. In building construction concrete filled steel tubes are very widely used for columns in combination with steel or reinforced concrete beam. In this work totally 9 specimens were tested out of which 3 specimens were empty steel tubes and remaining 6 specimens were concrete filled with different bonding techniques. As it is prefabricated time consumption will be less in construction practice and due to confinement more ductility is expected which is very useful in earthquake resistant structures. Load carrying capacity of CFST almost doubled in comparison with empty steel tubes. Ultimate load carrying capacity of concrete filled steel tube beams almost doubled compared to empty steel tubes. Compared to empty steel tubes, strength increase of 67.19%, 97.48% and 114.84% was observed in normal CFST, CFST with sand blasting and CFST with diagonal shear connector beams respectively. Average ultimate load of EST was 105.66kN whereas average load of CFSTB, CFSTBWSB and CFSTBWDSC was 176.66, 208.66 and 227kN respectively. The maximum load was taken by the specimen CFSTBWDSC – 03 which was 231kN, it may be because of presence of diagonal shear connector inside the tube.
PENERAPAN SETTING KELAS GAYA CLUSTER PADA MATA KULIAH TEKNOLOGI BAHAN
Authors: Asri Sarwi
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh penerapan setting kelas gaya cluster pada mata kuliah Teknologi Bahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Populasi dari penelitian adalah seluruh mahasiswa Teknik Mesin UNSIQ tahun akademik 2015 dan 2016. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling atau penggambilan sampel bertujuan, kemudian diperoleh mahasiswa tahun angkatan 2015 sebagai kelompok kontrol dan mahasiswa tahun angkatan 2016 sebagai kelompok eksperimen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan uji-t. Analisis deskriptif menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan hasil belajar pada kedua kelompok. Peningkatan yang terjadi pada kelompok kontrol adalah sebesar 8,24% yaitu dari nilai rata-rata semula 69,76 menjadi 75,3, dan besarnya peningkatan yang terjadi pada kelas eksperimen adalah 15,6% yaitu dari nilai rata-rata semula 71,00 menjadi 82,25. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji-t menunjukkan ada peningkatan yang lebih besar pada kelompok eksperimen. Hal ini menjelaskan bahwa penerapan setting kelas gaya cluster mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar nilai mata kuliah Teknologi Bahan. Hasil analisis uji-t pada nilai post-test menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan pada penerapan setting kelas gaya cluster pada mata kuliah Teknologi Bahan.
Dynamic PET Reconstruction on the GPU
Authors: Szirmay-Kalos László , Kacsó Ágota , Magdics Milán , Tóth Balázs
Published: December 2018

Dynamic Positron Emission Tomography (PET) reconstructs the space-time concentration function of a radiotracer by observing the detector hits of gamma-photon pairs born during the radiotracer decay. The computation is based on the maximum likelihood principle, i.e. we look for the space-time function that maximizes the probability of the actual measurements. The number of finite elements representing the spatio-temporal concentration and the number of events detected by the tomograph may be higher than a billion, thus the reconstruction requires supercomputer performance. The enormous computational burden can be handled by graphics processors (GPU) if the algorithm is decomposed to parallel, independent threads, and the storage requirements are kept under control. This paper proposes a scalable dynamic reconstruction system where the algorithm is decomposed to phases where each phase is efficiently mapped onto the massively parallel architecture of the GPU.
Anti-adipogenic effect of mastoparan B analogue peptide on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes
Authors: Kim Ji Hye , Jo Mi Jeong , Go Hye Jin , Park Nam Gyu , Kim Gun Do
Published: December 2018

Mastoparan B (MP-B), a cationic tetradecapeptide isolated from the venom of the Vespa basalis, exhibits cardiovascular effects, local edema and antibacterial activity. In this study, the anti-adipogenic effect of an MP-B analogue and its mechanism of action in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were studied. The MP-B analogue (MP-B12) inhibited preadipocyte differentiation and decreased the expression of adipogenic transcription factors, including CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-alpha (C/EBPα), nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1). Moreover, MP-B12 regulated the phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β), both of which play a role in preadipocyte differentiation, in which insulin and certain growth factors stimulated adipogenesis. This study demonstrates that MP-B12 inhibits preadipocyte differentiation and the accumulation of lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and could potentially be used to treat obesity.Video Clip of Methodology:4 min 11 sec   Full Screen   Alternate
Phytochemical and neuroprotective evaluation of Citrus aurantium essential oil on cerebral ischemia and reperfusion
Authors: Sadeghimanesh Arezo , Khalaji-Pirbalouty Valiallah , Lorigooini Zahra , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud , Torki Akram , Rabiei Zahra
Published: December 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the neuroprotective effect of Citrus aurantium essential oil on hippocampal injury induced by transient global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rat. In total 50 rats were randomly assigned into five groups; control, sham, ischemia, and essential oil-treated (50 or 75 mg/kg) rats. Ischemia was induced by occlusion of the carotid artery for 30 min. Spatial memory, passive avoidance learning, anti-oxidant capacity, and lipid peroxidation during ischemia/reperfusion were evaluated. The compounds of the essential oil were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Induction of ischemia/reperfusion caused a decline in learning and passive avoidance memory in rats.  C. aurantium exerted protective effects on the spatial memory, passive avoidance learning, anti-oxidant capacity, and lipid peroxidation during ischemia/reperfusion in animals. The main compounds of the  essential oil were camphor (45.9%), thymol (11.2%), linalool (6.6%), carvacrol (6.3%) and borneol (2.9%). The essential oil with anti-oxidant compounds significantly decreased the symptoms of ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Abnormal Nailfold Capillaroscopy Is Common in Patients with Connective Tissue Disease and Associated with Abnormal Pulmonary Function Tests
Authors: van Roon Anniek M. , Huisman Cato C. , van Roon Arie M. , Zhang Dan , Stel Alja J. , Smit Andries J. , Bootsma Hendrika , Mulder Douwe J.
Published: December 2018

Objective.

To assess the presence of a systemic sclerosis (SSc) pattern on nailfold capillary microscopy (NCM) in patients with Raynaud phenomenon (RP) and to explore its association with abnormal pulmonary function tests (PFT).

Methods.

NCM patterns were assessed in 759 consecutive patients with RP. Patterns were classified as normal (n = 354), nonspecific (n = 159), or SSc pattern (n = 246). Abnormal PFT was defined as forced vital or diffusion capacity < 70%. Patients were classified as primary RP (n = 245), or secondary: no definite diagnosis (n = 391), SSc (n = 40), primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS; n = 30), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; n = 30), mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD; n = 7), rheumatoid arthritis (RA; n = 15).

Results.

An SSc pattern on NCM was frequently observed in most patients with a definite diagnosis: SSc (88%), pSS (33%), SLE (17%), MCTD (71%), and RA (13%). In patients without definite diagnosis, 17% had a normal NCM pattern, 35% nonspecific, and 48% SSc pattern. Abnormal PFT was more frequent in patients with an SSc pattern (35.9% vs 19.5%, p = 0.002), even when corrected for SSc diagnosis (p = 0.003). Absence of an SSc pattern had high negative predictive value (88%); positive predictive values were low.

Conclusion.

SSc pattern on NCM is common in patients with RP, and in those with connective tissue diseases other than SSc. It is associated with a higher prevalence of abnormal PFT, independent of the presence of an SSc diagnosis. Although these data need validation in a prospective setting, they underline the importance of NCM in RP and putative value to stratify the risk of pulmonary involvement in early stages of disease.
Longitudinal Reliability of the OMERACT Thumb Base Osteoarthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scoring System (TOMS)
Authors: Kroon Féline P.B. , van Beest Sjoerd , Gandjbakhch Frédérique , Peterfy Charles G. , Chen Su , Conaghan Philip G. , Eshed Iris , Foltz Violaine , Genant Harry K. , Haugen Ida K. , Medema Jeroen K. , Østergaard Mikkel , Zhang Lanju , Levesque Marc C. , Kloppenburg Margreet
Published: December 2018

Objective.

To assess the longitudinal reliability of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Thumb base Osteoarthritis Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Scoring system (TOMS).

Methods.

Paired MRI of patients with hand osteoarthritis were scored in 2 exercises (6-mo and 2-yr followup) for synovitis, subchondral bone defects (SBD), osteophytes, cartilage assessment, bone marrow lesions (BML), and subluxation. Interreader reliability of delta scores was assessed.

Results.

Little change occurred. Average-measure intraclass correlation coefficients were good-excellent (≥ 0.71), except synovitis (0.55–0.83) and carpometacarpal-1 osteophytes/cartilage assessment (0.47/0.39). Percentage exact/close agreement was 52–92%/68–100%, except BML in 2 years (28%/64–76%). Smallest detectable change was below the scoring increment, except in SBD and BML.

Conclusion.

TOMS longitudinal reliability was moderate-good. Limited change hampered assessment.
Gestion de classe : quelles pistes pour former les enseignants novices ?
Authors: Cadière Peggy , Chaliès Sébastien
Published: December 2018

L’objet de cette note de synthèse est d’interroger les recherches menées dans le domaine de la formation à la gestion de classe pour mieux comprendre les limites des dispositifs mis en œuvre jusqu’à présent et tracer de nouvelles pistes pour améliorer la formation des enseignants novices (EN) dans ce domaine. À partir des recherches récentes effectuées, nous avons identifié deux conditions pour qu’un dispositif de formation à la gestion de classe soit efficace et permette une modification des pratiques des EN : proposer un répertoire de réponses génériques aux perturbations dans la classe et tenir compte de la singularité des formés pour construire des dispositifs de formation. Ces deux conditions créent un paradoxe : former des individus dans des contextes singuliers en proposant des contenus génériques. Notre propos, en se basant sur les dispositifs innovants qui ont fait l’objet de publications s’intéresse à une modalité de formation conçue non plus hors contexte mais de plus en plus proche de la situation d’exercice du formé et pensée de manière à devenir une trajectoire expérientielle qui lui permette de se développer professionnellement.
La synchronicité à l’épreuve du cancer
Authors: Dallot Christine
Published: December 2018

À partir de deux situations cliniques liées à l’atteinte d’un cancer du sein, l’auteure reprend l’hypothèse de Jung concernant l’application de la synchronicité aux rapports du corps et de l’âme.
De corps et d’âme
Authors: Baldassari Passiflore
Published: December 2018

Dans une poétique érudite qui réveille des perspectives, l’auteure, historienne de l’art, nous invite à partager son regard de Pisanello à Watteau en passant par Vinci, pour esquisser, dans l’art, une figuration de l’âme.
Le discours d’Éryximaque dans le Banquet de Platon (185e6-188e4) : problèmes et fonction philosophique d’un éloge médical
Authors: Keime Christian
Published: December 2018

Dans le Banquet de Platon, Éryximaque fait le portrait paradoxal d’un bon erôs dépourvu de plaisir et de désir. Que doit ce portrait à la tradition médicale dont l’orateur prétend s’inspirer ? Bien que la Collection hippocratique n’oublie jamais que plaisir et désir sont des attributs essentiels d’ erôs , elle fournit le motif de la construction invraisemblable d’Éryximaque : l’idéal de la santé et du bon mélange ( krâsis ) sur lequel le médecin fonde son éloge. D’après cet idéal, plaisir et désir ne sont pas véritablement dignes d’éloges. Pour montrer les vertus d’ erôs , le médecin doit donc travestir son essence.
La cité et la sauvagerie : les rites des Lupercales
Authors: Konrads Vé Karlis
Published: December 2018

Est proposée ici une étude analytique des Lupercales, où chacun de leurs rites est d’abord étudié séparément pour être ensuite inséré et interprété dans le cadre unificateur du rituel tout entier. Cette approche démontre que les Lupercales mettaient en scène et réalisaient à travers une série de rites de passage et la figure des Luperques l’irruption, à la fin de l’ancienne année romaine, du monde sauvage et de ses forces dans le monde civilisé, la cité. Cette entrée éphémère du sauvage dans le civilisé assurait la désintégration des maux de l’année écoulée et ainsi purifiait la communauté pour la nouvelle année.
The Standing of Sailors in Democratic Athens
Authors: Pritchard David M.
Published: December 2018

Résumé Dans l’Athènes démocratique, les marins étaient tout aussi importants culturellement que les hoplites. En effet, il était clair pour le dèmos que son État était une importante puissance maritime. Athènes était consciente qu’il était crucial de préserver ses forces navales, puisqu’elle menait avant tout ses combats en mer. Pour le peuple, combattre en tant que marin profitait autant à l’État que le faire en tant qu’hoplite, et les Athéniens n’appartenant pas à l’élite étaient convaincus qu’un citoyen honorait de la même manière ses devoirs en servant dans la marine ou dans l’armée de terre. Il leur tenait donc à cœur que les Athéniens combattant en mer obtiennent la même reconnaissance de leur bravoure. Traditionnellement, l’ aretè était définie en fonction de ce que les hoplites devaient accomplir en se battant sur terre. Cependant, la manière de combattre des marins était nettement différente. Par conséquent, les reconnaître comme courageux posait un problème, puisqu’ils ne répondaient pas strictement à la définition de l’ aretè telle qu’elle était appliquée aux hoplites. Les orateurs publics et les dramaturges identifièrent deux manières de contourner ce problème : parfois, ils mettaient en exergue les aspects des combats en mer par lesquels les marins répondaient aux critères traditionnels du courage, ou tout au moins s’en approchaient. Plus souvent encore, ils utilisaient tout simplement une nouvelle définition de l’ aretè , considérant que le courage consistait à braver les dangers du champ de bataille malgré les risques. Puisque cette nouvelle définition n’était plus liée aux hoplites, elle pouvait facilement s’appliquer aux marins. Tout cela différait grandement de la vision négative des marins que les Athéniens classiques avaient héritée de leurs ancêtres, et c’est ainsi que le dèmos est parvenu à redéfinir les valeurs aristocratiques traditionnelles dans le domaine militaire.
Les Grecs anciens ont-ils géré avec prudence les finances de leurs cités ?
Authors: Migeotte Léopold
Published: December 2018

Les cités grecques de l’Antiquité étaient très nombreuses, chacune était en principe souveraine et, à partir du IV e  siècle avant J.-C., la plupart ont pratiqué la démocratie directe. Elles ont eu une longue histoire, mais c’est surtout aux périodes classique et hellénistique (environ 500-30 avant J.-C.) que leur administration financière est relativement bien connue. Elles ont certes commis des erreurs et des imprudences : plusieurs se sont endettées lourdement, par exemple, et beaucoup ont connu des périodes de crise. Mais, selon les philosophes, la prudence ou la sagesse ( phronèsis ) était indispensable aux hommes politiques et l’on observe que beaucoup de cités ont fait des efforts dans ce sens. En effet, la plupart pouvaient compter sur des revenus diversifiés, dont certains étaient stables car ils provenaient de biens patrimoniaux et de fondations. Plusieurs cités ont mis en place des réserves monétaires, en particulier dans des caisses sacrées. Beaucoup ont tâché d’équilibrer leurs revenus et leurs dépenses et de planifier au moins une partie de ces dernières. En général, elles se sont efforcées de payer leurs dettes, de tenir leurs comptes avec sérieux et de contrôler sévèrement leur gestion. Leur système financier était donc plus complexe et mieux organisé qu’on ne l’a souvent prétendu. Surtout, son originalité était d’avoir pour cadre la démocratie directe : d’une part, les citoyens réunis en assemblée générale détenaient le pouvoir souverain et décidaient donc eux-mêmes, entre autres, de leurs obligations et de celles des autres résidents ; d’autre part, il était normal pour les riches de contribuer personnellement aux dépenses de leur cité, tantôt dans le cadre de charges publiques, tantôt par des générosités supplémentaires. Ces contributions avaient certes le défaut de mettre parfois les cités à la merci de leurs notables, dont le pouvoir et l’influence se sont accrus dans la seconde moitié de la période hellénistique. Mais elles faisaient partie intégrante du système et servaient en quelque sorte d’impôt sur le revenu. Leur élasticité donnait de la souplesse à la gestion des finances et permettait de corriger ses lacunes et ses défaillances.
Les transformations du travail dans l’économie numérique
Authors: Gomez Pierre-Yves
Published: December 2018

L’économie numérique suscite les spéculations les plus diverses. Parmi celles-ci, on prédit la fin du travail et le dépassement de l’être humain par la robotisation et l’intelligence artificielle ; on annonce de même la fin du salariat, l’ubérisation de l’économie généralisant le travail indépendant pour tous. À l’opposé de ces fantasmes, cet article décrit les métamorphoses réelles du travail tel qu’on les perçoit déjà dans une économie numérisée. Il montre comment la numérisation transforme la manière de travailler à la fois vers davantage d’autonomie mais aussi de contraintes et de contrôles technologiques. Il fait le point des connaissances sur l’évolution de l’emploi et des revenus tirés de nouvelles formes de travail. Il montre en particulier que les principales recompositions sociales tiendront à l’affaiblissement des revenus salariaux de la classe moyenne. Il invite à réfléchir sur les conséquences sociétales de ces transformations de notre façon de travailler.
Éclairages sociologiques sur les conditions d’arrêt et de maintien de la pratique tabagique des volontaires d’un essai clinique
Authors: Laurent Estelle , Gaussot Ludovic , Ingrand Isabelle , Lafay-Chebassier Claire
Published: December 2018

En 2017, 26,9 % des Français étaient des fumeurs réguliers ; parmi eux plus de la moitié déclaraient avoir envie d’arrêter (Pasquereau et al., 2018). Un échantillon de 37 volontaires d’un essai clinique visant à tester l’efficacité d’un médicament dans le sevrage tabagique vs placebo a été sollicité pour des entretiens visant à contribuer à l’analyse des logiques sociales à l’œuvre dans la démarche de cessation de la pratique tabagique. Parmi celles-ci se dégagent la confiance différenciée selon le genre dans l’efficacité même du traitement, l’importance donnée à la volonté, le tout renvoyant finalement aux dispositions sociales et aux rétributions objectives et symboliques escomptées ou obtenues dans le cadre de la cessation de la pratique. Ces résultats suggèrent un rôle central de ces rétributions qui, dans une perspective pratique d’accompagnement du sevrage, peuvent être prises avantageusement en compte.
Pour un « American Risorgimento » : cosmopolitisme et fascisme chez Ezra Pound
Authors: Estrade Charlotte
Published: December 2018

Ezra Pound et ses Cantos : une œuvre polyglotte, encyclopédique, qui mobilise des horizons culturels très divers, et pourtant parangon de la poésie états-unienne. C’est dans cette tension, entre cosmopolitisme linguistique et patriotisme, entre exil volontaire et construction d’une poésie que Pound voulait distinctement états-unienne, qu’on relira les Cantos : comment ceux-ci peuvent-ils être à la fois cosmopolites dans leur idéal culturel et linguistique, tout en étant parfois violemment fascistes et antisémites ? On tentera de cerner le cosmopolitisme poundien dans ses paradoxes et dans ses implications. Le cosmopolitisme géographique et linguistique s’impose à la lecture de textes poétiques multilingues écrits par un auteur en perpétuel transit, notamment en Europe, mais ayant toujours pour but l’élaboration d’une œuvre américaine. Le cosmopolitisme peut-il s’accorder avec une idéologie totalitaire qui semble incompatible avec certaines définitions du cosmopolitisme ? Le renouveau poétique américain inauguré par Pound volontairement expatrié s’opère précisément et paradoxalement grâce au décentrement qui a nourri son discours fasciste.
Le cosmopolitisme linguistique de Vladimir Nabokov
Authors: Loison-Charles Julie
Published: December 2018

D’abord auteur russe, Nabokov opère au début des années 1940 une transition linguistique et choisit l’anglais comme langue d’écriture romanesque. Son multilinguisme laisse une trace significative dans sa prose puisqu’elle est fortement marquée par le code-switching (ou alternance codique), à savoir la présence de mots étrangers au sein d’une langue. Comme le souligne le sociologue Vinay Dharwadker, le code-switching est la manifestation linguistique du cosmopolitisme ; à l’inverse, l’hybridation des langues est celle d’une créolisation (dans le sens donné par Glissant). Il faut rappeler que le cosmopolitisme de Nabokov a d’abord été personnel avant de devenir une caractéristique artistique. Mais, dans son art, les mots étrangers ne sont pas qu’une trace de son multilinguisme personnel puisque, dans ses romans américains, ils ont un rôle fonctionnel, faisant de Nabokov un auteur cosmopolite. L’article s’achève sur une analyse de l’un des rares cas de créolisation nabokovienne.
João Guimarães Rosa et ses lieux : l’écopoétique, nouveau cosmopolitisme ?
Authors: Vendeuvre Isabelle de
Published: December 2018

João Guimarães Rosa (1908-1967) a d’abord été vu comme un diplomate-écrivain à l’œuvre régionaliste. Rosa illustre en réalité deux types de cosmopolitisme, l’un biographique, lié à la vie itinérante du médecin du sertão, puis du diplomate en poste en Europe et en Amérique latine, et l’autre littéraire, à travers une grande créativité lexicale et un rêve littéraire post-babélien. Le double cosmopolitisme de Rosa peut être lu à la lumière de l’écopoétique et de la zoopoétique. La notion de traversée et de métamorphose – centrale dans l’œuvre et la vie du romancier brésilien – établit le lien entre le versant biographique et le versant littéraire du cosmopolitisme et permet d’envisager les rapports entre l’homme et son environnement à nouveaux frais. Figure de la pérégrination et habitant – plus que citoyen – du cosmos, l’âne est l’animal avec lequel l’homme rosien sillonne les espaces littéraires et géographiques, depuis l’Antiquité et L’Âne d’or d’Apulée jusqu’aux rivages de la mort.
The effect of hyperthermia (42°C) on the anti-tumoral effect of bromelain, N-acetyl cysteine, chemotherapeutic agents and their combinations - an in vitro evaluation
Authors: Wan Vanessa H.L. , Pillai Krishna , Badar Samina , Akhter Javed , Morris David L
Published: December 2018

Bromelain, N-acetyl cysteine and their combinations show cytotoxicity at 37°C. Similarly, their combinations with common chemotherapeutic agents (gemcetabine, Mitomycin C, oxaliplatin and 5-FU) show enhanced cytotoxicity. Since, hyperthermia (42°C) inhibits cellular proliferation, we set out to determine if it would further enhance the effect of these agents. Tumour cells (pancreatic and colorectal) were grown in a 96 well plate and treated to various agents and their combinations at 37° and 42°C. The survival of cells at 72 hours was evaluated with sulfhordamine assay. Colony formation assay was performed to evaluate development of resistance to these agents and finally PAS staining was carried out to determine the effect of bromelain, Nacetylcysteine (NAC), oxaliplatin and their combinations on mucin secretion in ASPC-1 (pancreatic) cancer cells. Hyperthermia (42°C) enhanced cytotoxicity of certain agents or their combinations in some of the cell lines. It also showed the absence or a reduction of effect, with certain agents. Hyperthermia reduced colony formation in CFPAC cells and with agents (bromelain + NAC, gemcitabine, NAC + gemcitabine, Bromelain + NAC + Gemcitabine). A similar effect with 5FU, 5FU + NAC and 5FU + bromelain was observed. Hyperthermia reduced mucin secretion in ASPC-1 cells, with bromelain and its combinations with NAC and oxaliplatin. NAC as a single agent increased mucin with hyperthermia. The effect of hyperthermia on cytotoxicity of bromelain, NAC and their combinations with chemotherapeutic agents varied with agents, their combinations and cell types, showing an increase, null effect or a decrease. However, hyperthermia reduced colony formation and mucin secretion.
Hoofstuk 2: Die geskiedenis van die kerk
Authors: Pont A.D.
Published: December 2018

No abstract available.
Hoofstuk 4: Die begin van die Kerkhervorming
Authors: Pont A.D.
Published: December 2018

No abstract available.
Hoofstuk 13: Die Biblisistiese reaksie van Joh Coccejus (1603-1669)
Authors: Pont A.D.
Published: December 2018

No abstract available.
Assessment of antioxidant properties of grain concentrate and oxidant-antioxidant status pigs after its inclusion in ration feeding
Authors: Kuznetsova Elena , Klimova Elena , Uchasov Dmitry , Yarovan Natalia , Motyleva Svetlana , Brindza Ján , Berezina Natalya , Bychkova Tatyana , Gavrilina Vera , Piyavchenko Gennadii
Published: December 2018

A grain concentrate was developed for use in bread baking based on whole-ground fermented wheat grain, to enhance that the beneficial properties have fermented wholegrain buckwheat grains in an amount of 20% by weight of the fermented wheat. For the fermentation of grain used dry complex enzyme preparation comprising cellulose, β-glucanase and xylanase (producing Penicillin canescens), dissolved in a buffer based on succinic acid. Under the action of the drug, the micro structure surface of grain was changed. It is established that the character of the change in surface micro structure of wheat and buckwheat grain is the same. The results of the study of the content of vitamin E, flavonoids and antioxidant activity in wheat grains, buckwheat and grain concentrate are obtained by different technologies. The results show that grain concentrates from wheat grain with the addition of 20% buckwheat grains prepared using a solution of enzyme preparation of cellulolytic action in a buffer, based on succinic acid has a high antioxidant activity. As a biological model for studying changes oxidant-antioxidant status of the organism under stress when included in a diet designed grain concentrate, used pigs, that are under stress, caused by weaning them from sows and transportation. Investigated the following parameters oxidant-antioxidant status of the organism pigs: the level of malondialdehyde, ceruloplasmin, vitamins A, E and C in the blood of animals. It is concluded that, to improve the oxidative status of the piglets after weaning period recommended addition of concentrate fodder ration of grain wheat and buckwheat prepared using a solution of an enzyme preparation buffered cellulolytic action on the basis of succinic acid. The developed grain concentrate can be used for making the manufacture of cereal products, including grain bread included in the diet of people who live in conditions of oxidative stress.
Comparison of two methods of protein quality evaluation in rice, rye and barley as food protein sources in human nutrition
Authors: Nitrayová Soňa , Brestenský Matej , Patráš Peter
Published: December 2018

Different foods differ in their protein quality, which is characterized by the content and digestibility of individual amino acids. The Food and Agriculture Organisation has recommended replacing the method for protein quality evaluation of foods called protein digestibility corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) with the new method - digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS), in which the values of ileal amino acid digestibility obtained in pigs are used. However, the information about DIAAS values of foods are limited. Therefore, the study on growing pigs was conducted to determine true fecal protein digestibility and standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of rice, rye and barley. Using these values, the PDCAAS and DIAAS were calculated and compared. A total of 18 gilts with a T-cannula inserted in the terminal ileum were allotted to 3 diets with six replicate pigs per diet. Three semi-purified diets were formulated to contain the tested cereal grains (rice, rye, barley) as the sole nitrogen source. Chromic oxide was used as indigestible marker. Each experimental period comprised of a 7-d adaptation period followed by 24 h collection of feces and ileal digesta. The content of nitrogen, dry matter and chromic oxide was analyzed in samples of diets, feces and ileal digesta. Moreover, in the samples of diets and ileal digesta the content of amino acids was determined. Calculated ratio of crude protein to lysine was greatest in rice (4.50) followed by rye (3.65) and the lowest one in barley (3.35). True fecal protein digestibility was greater when compared with ileal amino acid digestibility for all tested samples, thus suggesting an overestimation of protein quality determined by PDCAAS. Calculated PDCAAS values for rice, rye and barley (81, 65 and 61%) were generally greater than the DIAAS values (79, 56 and 55%), especially for the poorer quality protein sources such as rye and barley in comparison with rice. The lysine was the first limiting amino acid in all tested cereal grains. Based on the DIAAS evaluation, rice is better protein source in human nutrition in comparison with rye or barley.
The implementation of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning in Secondary Education
Authors: Giannakos Vassilios , Darra Maria
Published: December 2018

The main purpose of this survey is to investigate the effectiveness of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) in the teaching of Modern Greek in Lyceum. The survey was carried out in the form of a field experiment, with one experimental group and one control group. An didactic intervention in the form of a training scenario was carried out. Fifty (50) students of the Second Class of Lyceum of the Prefecture of Attica were the sample of the survey. The survey was conducted from 10 October 2016 to 20 December 2016 and lasted thirteen hours. The results of the research revealed that, after the experiment, there was a positive change in the attitudes of the experimental group's students regarding the use and utility of the computer.
Assessment of long term prognostic value of admission vitamin D level in patients with acute STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: SATİLMİSOGLU Muhammet Hulusi , GUL Mehmet , CAKMAK Huseyin Altug , ISİKSACAN Nilgun , TUREN Selahattin , KOKTURK Ugur , YİLMAZ Emre , KARAKAYALI Muammer , TOSU Aydin Rodi
Published: December 2018

Objective:

Vitamin-D status is very important for optimal function of human body

especially cardiovascular system. The aim of this study was to investigate the

long term prognostic value of admission vitamin D level in acute ST-segment

elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary

intervention (PPCI).

Methods:

One hundred fifty seven consecutive patients, who were admitted to a training

and research hospital with a diagnosis of STEMI and underwent PPCI, were

recruited in this prospective study. The study patients were divided into 2

groups according to their vitamin-D levels as follows: High vitamin-D group

(n=80) and Low vitamin-D group (n=77). The severity of coronary artery disease

(CAD) was assessed with calculation of the SYNTAX score.

Results:

There were significant negative correlations between Vitamin-D level and SYNTAX

score, serum glucose, and gender, but a positive correlation with hemoglobin

level. Cardiovascular mortality was found to be significantly higher in the low

vitamin-D group as compared to the high group (p<0.001). In multivariate

analysis, low vitamin-D level was found as a significant independent predictor

of long term cardiovascular mortality after adjusting for other risk factors.

Conclusion:

We demonstrated that low admission vitamin-D is related to severity of CAD.

Vitamin-D deficiency is an independent predictor for long term cardiovascular

mortality in acute STEMI undergoing PPCI.
Tip A Aort Diseksiyonlarında Operasyon Sonrası Erken Dönem Mortalite Ve Morbidite Üzerine Etki Eden Faktörlerin Retrospektif İncelenmesi
Authors: ENGİN Mesut , GÖNCÜ Mehmet Tuğrul , GÜVENÇ Orhan , SAVRAN Muhammed , ÖZYAZICIOĞLU Ahmet Fatih
Published: December 2018

Amaç: Aortik diseksiyon günümüzde hala önemli bir mortalite ve morbidite nedenidir. Tip A aort diseksiyonu nedeniyle ameliyat edilen hastalarda birçok faktör cerrahi sonuçları etkilemektedir. Bu faktörlerin yeterince belirlenmesi tedavinin başarılı olmasına etki edecektir. Yöntemler: Kliniğimizde Ocak 2006 - Aralık 2016 yılları arasında Tip A aort diseksiyonu tanısı ile opere edilen 140 hastanın preoperatif, intraoperatif, ve postoperatif verileri, hasta dosyaları ve hastane bilgi yönetim sistem kayıtlarından retrospektif olarak araştırıldı. Gruplar arası niceliksel parametreler Student t veya Mann-Whitney U testleri ile, niteliksel veriler ise Ki-Kare testi ile karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Hastalarda ortalama yaş 57.1±12.3 (min: 27 ile max: 84), 31’i (%22,2) kadın, 109’u (%77,8) erkekti. Hastaların çoğunluğuna izole asendan aorta replasmanı veya asendan aorta ile birlikte hemiarkus replasmanı uygulandı (%70). Beyin koruma yöntemi olarak çoğunlukla antegrad serebral perfüzyon (ASP) nadiren retrograd serebral perfüzyon (RSP) kullanıldı. Tüm hastalarda total mortalite 37 kişi (%26,4) idi. Başvuru anında sistolik tansiyonun 90 mmHg altında olması, majör nörolojik defisit varlığı, hastada geçirilmiş kardiyak cerrahi öyküsü olmasının mortaliteyi anlamlı oranda etkilediği saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Mortalite olan hastalarda perfüzyon süreleri uzun, inotrop ihtiyacı fazla, yoğun bakım yatış süreleri istatiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p<0.05). RSP yapılan grupta yoğun bakımda kalış süreleri ve mortalite, ASP uygulanan hastalara göre anlamlı oranda yüksekti (sırası ile p=0.02, p=0.04). Sonuç: Tip A aortik diseksiyonlarda mortalite üzerine etki eden faktörlerin daha büyük hasta serilerinde ortaya konulması ve bu faktörlere yönelik tedbirlerin alınması mortalite ve morbiditenin azaltılmasında etkili olabilir.
Çocukluk Çağında Atipik Hemolitik Üremik Sendrom
Authors: KARA Mehtap Akbalık , DEMİRCİOĞLU KILIÇ Beltinge
Published: December 2018

Atipik hemolitik üremik sendrom,

alternatif komplemanın yolunun kronik kontrolsüz aktivasyonundan ortaya çıkan

trombotik mikroanjiyopatinin nadir bir şeklidir. Atipik hemolitik üremik

sendrom, immün olmayan hemolitik anemi, trombositopeni ve böbrek tutulumu ile

ilişkilidir. Hastalık akut dönemde mortalite ve morbiditeye ve uzun dönemde son

dönem böbrek yetmezliğine neden olabilir. Hastalıkta her ne kadar böbrek

tutulumu görülse de, vakaların % 20'sinde ekstra-renal tutulum görülebilir.

Tanı konan hastalarda genetik çalışma yapılmalı böbrek fonksiyonlarının

korunması ve hematolojik remisyon sağlanması için hızla tedavi başlanmalıdır.

Tanıdan sonraki ilk 24 saatte birinci basamak tedavi olarak taze donmuş plazma

ile plazmaferez tedavisi başlanmalıdır, gereklilik durumunda ekuluzimab

tedavisine geçilmelidir. Son dönem böbrek yetmezliği gelişmiş olgularda

karaciğer veya karaciğer- böbrek nakli ekuluzimab tedavisi ile birlikte

planlanabilir. 
Fallgirls: Gender and the Framing of Torture at Abu Ghraib (Classical and Contemporary Social Theory), by Ryan Ashley Caldwell
Authors: Pérez Sales Pau
Published: December 2018

Initially published in 2012 and now reedited, this book constitutes a peculiar contribution to the torture literature on perpetrators. Existing books have already covered: self-justifying perspectives written by perpetrators (i.e. Aussaresses, 2010; Moore-King, 1998; Pardo, 2014; Troccoli, 1996); interviews with perpetrators or analysis from autobiographical texts (i.e. Conroy, 2000; Crelinsten & Schmid, Alex P (Eds.), 1995; Haritos-Fatouros, 2003; Payne, 2008; Pérez-Sales, 2017); and analysis of the interaction from a survivor’s viewpoint (Gil, 1999). There also exists a wealth of social psychology books that attempt to theorize the logic and dynamics of becoming a perpetrator (i.e. Bandura, Barbaranelli, Caprara, & Pastorelli, 1996; Browning, 1992; Miller, 2004; Staub, 1999). Caldwell’s book adopts the extreme hypothesis that the soldiers England and Harman, judged for acts of misconduct in Abu Ghraib after the leakage of dozens of terrible pictures, are innocent. The book goes on to defend the nearly untenable thesis that England and Harman must be considered victims themselves. It is thus wholly unsurprising to find out that Caldwell was part of the legal defence team for both soldiers.
Modulation of ABA responses by the protein kinase WNK8
Authors: Waadt Rainer , Jawurek Esther , Hashimoto Kenji , Li Yan , Scholz Martin , Krebs Melanie , Czap Gereon , Hong‐Hermesdorf Anne , Hippler Michael , Grill Erwin , Kudla Jörg , Schumacher Karin
Published: December 2018

Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates growth and developmental processes in response to limiting water conditions. ABA functions through a core signaling pathway consisting of PYR1/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors, type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs), and SnRK2‐type protein kinases. Other signaling modules might converge with ABA signals through the modulation of core ABA signaling components. We have investigated the role of the protein kinase WNK8 in ABA signaling. WNK8 interacted with PP2CA and PYR1, phosphorylated PYR1 in vitro, and was dephosphorylated by PP2CA. A hypermorphic wnk8‐ct Arabidopsis mutant allele suppressed ABA and glucose hypersensitivities of pp2ca‐1 mutants during young seedling development, and WNK8 expression in protoplasts suppressed ABA‐induced reporter gene expression. We conclude that WNK8 functions as a negative modulator of ABA signaling.