bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tehlikeli maddelerin çok modlu taşımacılığı için çok-ürünlü iki-amaçlı bir model önerisi: Türkiye örneği
Authors: ÇALIŞ BOYACI Asli , GENCER Cevriye
Published: October 2020

Kimyasal
veya fiziksel karakteristikleri nedeni ile canlılara ve çevreye zarar verebilen
tehlikeli maddelerin son yıllarda birçok sektörde kullanılıyor olması,
tehlikeli madde taşımacılığının önemini arttırmaktadır. Demir yolu ve deniz
yolu taşımacılığı risk ve maliyet açısından üstünlükler arz ediyor olmasına
rağmen, ülkemizde tehlikeli madde taşımacılığı için yaygın olarak kara yolu
kullanılmaktadır. Tehlikeli madde
taşımacılığının önemli bir bölümünü oluşturan akaryakıt taşımacılığının ele
alındığı bu çalışmada, arz ve talep noktaları arasındaki toplam
ulaştırma maliyeti ve toplam ulaştırma riskinin minimizasyonunu hedefleyen;
kara yolu, demir yolu ve deniz yolu taşımacılığını içeren çok modlu çok-ürünlü
iki-amaçlı matematiksel model önerilmiştir. Önerilen modelin Türkiye uygulaması
için T.C. Ulaştırma Denizcilik ve Haberleşme Bakanlığı bünyesindeki kuruluşlar,
akaryakıt dağıtım şirketleri ve lojistik firmalarından gerekli veriler
toplanarak, GAMS/CPLEX optimizasyon programı ile
sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda Arc GIS yazılımı
kullanılarak Türkiye’nin akaryakıt dağıtım ağları oluşturulmuştur.
General bacteria and archaea 16S-rRNA (515Fmod-806R) for Illumina amplicon sequencing v1
Authors: Angel Roey , Petrova Eva
Published: October 2020

Universal 16S rRNA probe-based-qPCR assay for bacteria. The primers target the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and were specifically designed for Illumina amplicon sequencing. The original primers were designed by Caporaso et al. (2012) and modified by Walters et al. (2015). For barcoding, we use the Fludigm Access Array for barcoding the sample and therefore the primers are synthisized with the CS1 and CS2 regions.
NEXAFS–Spectra and Magnetic Susceptibility of Nickel and Chromium Doped of Bismuth Niobate
Authors: Vasilyeva Irina E. , Nekipelov Sergey V. , Makeev Boris A. , Krasnov Alexey G. , Zhuk Nadezhda A.
Published: October 2020

The electronic state and character of exchange interactions of nickel and chromium atoms in solid solutions of Bi5Nb3-3xМ3xO15-δ (М-Cr,Ni) was researched by methods of magnetic susceptibility and NEXAFS-spectroscopy. NEXAFS spectra of nickel and chromium oxides were obtained. According to X-ray spectroscopy in solid solutions, chromium atoms are mainly in the charge state of Cr(III), and nickel atoms in the high-spin state of Ni(II) in octahedral coordination. In solid solutions, paramagnetic chromium and nickel atoms are present in the form of monomers and clusters with a common antiferromagnetic type of exchange
PAPILLOMAVIRAL CARCINOGENESIS. SIGNIFICANT ACHIEVEMENTS AND SPECIFIC CHALLENGES. PART 3. THREE LEVELS OF CERVICAL CANCER PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
Authors: Volgareva G. M.
Published: October 2020

Efficient prophylactic vaccines have been developed to prevent cervical cancer, a frequent female oncological disease caused by carcinogenic human papillomaviruses. World Health Organization worked out the program for prophylaxis of cervical cancer and control of the disease. It includes preventive adolescent vaccinations, screening of precancerous cervical lesions in women as well as cervical cancer treatment if originated. Cervical cancer diagnostics is being improved, development of therapeutic human papillomaviruses vaccines is in progress. The review deals with major achievements and certain challenges in the field of cervical cancer prevention.

Part I see: Volgareva G.M. Papillomaviral carcinogenesis. Major achievements and certain challenges. Part I. General notions of papillomaviruses. Human papillomavirusesassociated cancers. Russian Journal of Biotherapy 2020;19(1):6–12.

Part 2 see: Volgareva G.M. Papillomaviral carcinogenesis. Major achievements and certain challenges. Part 2. HPV-associated cancers in Russia. Preventive HPV vaccines. Russian Journal of Biotherapy 2020;19(2):31–8.
Love-Wave Phase-Velocity Estimation from Array-Based Rotational Motion Microtremor
Authors: Yoshida Kunikazu , Uebayashi Hirotoshi
Published: October 2020

The most popular array-based microtremor survey methods estimate velocity structures from the phase velocities of Rayleigh waves. Using the phase velocity of Love waves improves the resolution of inverted velocity models. In this study, we present a method to estimate the phase velocity of Love waves using rotational array data derived from the horizontal component of microtremors observed using an ordinal nested triangular array. We obtained discretized spatial derivatives from a first-order Taylor series expansion to calculate rotational motions from observed array seismograms. Rotational motions were obtained from a triangular subarray consisting of three receivers using discretized spatial derivatives. Four rotational-motion time histories were calculated from different triangular subarrays in the nested triangular arrays. Phase velocities were estimated from the array of the four rotational motions. We applied the proposed Love-wave phase-velocity estimation technique to observed array microtremor data obtained using a nested triangular array with radii of 25 and 50 m located at the Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University. The phase velocities of rotational and vertical motions were estimated from the observed data, and results showed that the former were smaller than those of the latter. The observed phase velocities obtained from vertical and rotational components agreed well with the theoretical Rayleigh- and Love-wave phase velocities calculated from the velocity structure model derived from nearby PS logs. To show the ability of the rotation to obtain Love wave, we estimated apparent phase velocities from north–south or east–west components. The apparent velocities resulted in between the theoretical velocities of Rayleigh and Love waves. This result indicates that the calculated rotation effectively derived the Love waves from a combination of Love and Rayleigh waves.
Robust Empirical Time–Frequency Relations for Seismic Spectral Amplitudes, Part 1: Application to RegionalSWaves in Southeastern Iran
Authors: Safarshahi Maryam , Morozov Igor B.
Published: October 2020

Empirical models of geometrical-, Q-, t-star, and kappa-type attenuation of seismic waves and ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) are viewed as cases of a common empirical standard model describing variation of wave amplitudes with time and frequency. Compared with existing parametric and nonparametric approaches, several new features are included in this model: (1) flexible empirical parameterization with possible nonmonotonous time or distance dependencies; (2) joint inversion for time or distance and frequency dependencies, source spectra, site responses, kappas, and Q; (3) additional constraints removing spurious correlations of model parameters and data residuals with source–receiver distances and frequencies; (4) possible kappa terms for sources as well as for receivers; (5) orientation-independent horizontal- and three-component amplitudes; and (6) adaptive filtering to reduce noise effects. The approach is applied to local and regional S-wave amplitudes in southeastern Iran. Comparisons with previous studies show that conventional attenuation models often contain method-specific biases caused by limited parameterizations of frequency-independent amplitude decays and assumptions about the models, such as smoothness of amplitude variations. Without such assumptions, the frequency-independent spreading of S waves is much faster than inferred by conventional modeling. For example, transverse-component amplitudes decrease with travel time t as about t−1.8 at distances closer than 90 km and as t−2.5 beyond 115 km. The rapid amplitude decay at larger distances could be caused by scattering within the near surface. From about 90 to 115 km distances, the amplitude increases by a factor of about 3, which could be due to reflections from the Moho and within the crust. With more accurate geometrical-spreading and kappa models, the Q factor for the study area is frequency independent and exceeds 2000. The frequency-independent and Q-type attenuation for vertical-component and multicomponent amplitudes is somewhat weaker than for the horizontal components. These observations appear to be general and likely apply to other areas.
A study of Clostridium difficile positivity using multistep algorithm of testings in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chaudhary Jyoti , Deepinder K Chhina , Singh Chhina Rajoo , Kaur Sandhar Tanureet
Published: October 2020

Clostridium difficile is an anaerobic, spore bearing bacteria can colonize hospitalized patients commonly. Toxin producing strains are an important cause of nosocomial diarrhea. Though various testing methods are available for the diagnosis of C. difficile infection (CDI) but, correct diagnosis is still a challenge for laboratories.

To study the positivity of the infection by multiple testing methods available.

This is an observational study. A total of 1429 freshly passed stool samples received in the Department of Microbiology from February 2019-May 2020 were included in the study. Further, the samples (1415) were tested for presence of Glutamate Dehydrogenase antigen (GDH Ag), toxin A, toxin B by an ICT (immunochromatography test) from Vittassay. A total of 48 samples were tested by GeneXpert (Cepheid) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Out of these, 14 samples were tested by PCR alone &34 samples were tested by both ICT & PCR.

A total of 188(13.2%) samples received, from 165 patients including 94(57%) male patients & 71(43%) female patients, were found positive for CDI. Out of these, 184(13%) samples were found positive for GDH Ag screening in ICT. Among, 48 PCR tested samples, 5(10.4%) were detected positive for tcdtB gene. A total of 97(6.8%) samples showed the presence of toxins.

Multiple algorithm of testings is required to increase the sensitivity of the diagnosis, but high cost is a limiting factor in the developing countries.
Predictive utility of fluorescent microscopy for detection of drug resistance in patient of pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: M Kaore Navinchandra , Mukherjee Sushmita , N Kaore Shilpa , Kaur Surender
Published: October 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem with 480000 new cases being reported annually, 9 percent of which exhibit extensive drug resistant TB. With 9.6 cases per lac population early detection of drug resistance at peripheral levels is must.

The study was planned to use Fluorescent microscopy (FM) with Fluorescein Diacetate Ethidium Bromide (FDA/EB) stain to evaluate the viability of the mycobacteria to predict the drug resistance.

This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on all sputum smear positive patients after obtaining the Institutional Ethics Committee clearance over a period of 3 months. Samples were obtained on day 0, 3, 7 and 14. After staining with the working solution, observation was made by two independent observers for viable verses non-viable mycobacteria. FDA will stain the live bacilli and fluoresce green whereas dead bacilli lack the esterase activity and are counterstained by ethidium bromide and appear red. Data was maintained in MS Excel and analysed using tests of proportion and significance.

A total of 30 participants were included based on the inclusion criteria. There was a loss of follow up from 14 patients. 4/16 (25%) patients were found be harbor drug resistant mycobacteria strains bases on decreasing ratio of viable to non-viable bacteria on followup. Results when compared with gold standard of Line Probe Assay (LiPA) was found to be highly significant with Chi square value of 11.73 and p value <0.001

This study establishes the utility of fluorescent microscopy using FDA and EB to detect drug resistance in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis by evaluation of viable and non-viable at peripheral microscopic centers

Fluorescent Microscopy with FDA/EB staining holds a potential to predict drug resistance in sputum smear positive patients at peripheral designated microscopic centers which will reduce financial as well as human resource burden.
A prospective study on the microbial profile of pyrexia of unknown origin from inpatients of tertiary care hospital in North Karnataka
Authors: Kulkarni Sudheendra , Chillarge Chandrakanth
Published: October 2020

Fever could have many causes including infective and non infective origin. PUO is a clinical syndrome that may result from much common etiology which was characterized by prolonged fever without the signs or symptoms indicative of a well defined disease process

To find the infectious causes of fever of unknown origin for 2–7 days duration were tested for Leptospirosis, Malaria, Rickettsial disease, Dengue virus, Chikungunya virus, UTI and blood borne infections and to find out antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the organisms isolated.

This prospective study conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Bidar Institute of Medical Sciences (BRIMS) Bidar of North Karnataka. Patients with fever of unknown origin for 2–7 days duration were tested for Leptospirosis, Malaria, Rickettsial disease, Dengue virus, Chikungunya virus and urine & blood culture tests. Statistical software package SPSS version 22 was used to analyse the data. Chi-square test was applied wherever necessary and P-value of ˂0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Among the 200 enrolled patients, 57 Dengue fever, 44 Enteric fever, 34 Chikungunya, 23 UTI, 21 Blood borne pathogens, 17 Leptospirosis, 14 Scrub-Typhus and 3 Malaria cases were confirmed. Mixed infection was seen in 26 cases. In our investigation, the current study revealed that the burden of Dengue, Enteric fever, Chikungunya, Leptospirosis, Scrub-Typhus & UTI disease is more in the current population.

Laboratory based syndromic information of PUO can make clinicians cautious with respect to the potential pathogens in neighborhood. However, some of the cases always elude diagnosis, although the patients may respond to empirical therapy.
Sediment Incipient Motion in Sewer with a Bed Deposit
Authors: WAN MOHTAR Wan Hanna Melini , BONG HIN JOO Charles , AB GHANI Aminuddin , SAFARI Mir Jafar Sadegh , TAIB Aizat Mohd , AFAN Haitham , EL-SHAFIE Ahmed
Published: October 2020

This paper analyses experimental data on sediment incipient motion with varying sediment bed thickness (of d50, 5, 10 and 24 mm). Sediment particles (with sizes ranging from 0.5 mm to 4.78 mm) were used to evaluate the effect of deposited bed. Variation of shear velocity estimation was investigated where the critical Shields parameter was expressed using bed-slope product u∗cb, log-law u∗cl and was extended in terms of critical mean velocity. The critical Shields parameters obtained were significantly lower than the traditional Shields curve when u∗cl was used compared to u∗cb. Higher critical mean velocity is needed for shallower deposits.
The relation between shift work and chronic fatigue among educational hospital nurses in Yazd
Authors: Ebrahemzadih M , Jam barsang S , Ashrafzadeh H , Soltanigerdfaramarzi R , Halvani GH , Ebrahimzadeh M
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Shift work is one of the threatening factors on Health. The important effects of shift work can be noted chronic fatigue. This study aimed to determine the association between Shift Work and chronic Fatigue among Educational Hospital Nurses.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Educational Hospital in Yazd. Using Stratified sampling technique, 200 Nurses were selected. The data was collected by using questionnaires of Demographic and chronic Fatigue. The data was analyzed using SPSS20 software and applying chi-square and Pearson correlation coefficients.
Result: 57 nurse’s man and 143 nurse’s women Participated in this study. There wasn’t a significant relation between the Gender, marital status, work experience and education level with chronic Fatigue. Because Between the age group with chronic fatigue there was a significant difference. Analysis of the results of this study showed that significant relation between Shift Work and chronic Fatigue.
Conclusion: Shift work can be affected on chronic fatigue that causes the difference in constant and non-constant shifts. So, chronic fatigue in people with constant shifts less than non-constant shifts.
Rural Budgeting Organization in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniasih Denok
Published: October 2020

The direction of research development in the realm of public sector budgets always pays attention to contemporary issues. Therefore, through research on public budgeting in the context of this village, it is hoped that it can support the realization of the direction of developing studies in the field of public policy and public administration. This study aims to produce a public budgeting model based on the basic service needs of rural communities in Banyumas Regency. This study aims to determine the direction of budget policies that support the increase in the level of public education. This article tries to explore the extent of the village government's commitment to human development issues through community empowerment and community development organized by the village government through the village budget. The research method uses a case study technique, in which the location of the research sample is selected by using area sampling technique. This article is expected to provide input to local and village governments regarding improving the quality of village budgeting. The results of this study provide an overview of the direction of policies undertaken by the village government and its relation to mapping the priority needs of the village community.
COVID-19 Cases Detection: Suspect Case Strategy
Authors: Ji Zhongliang , Lu Kailin , Sun Xuedong
Published: October 2020

Background and objective: as COVID-19 has triggered enormous human casualties and disastrous economic loss, the strategies to contain its spread are urgently needed. We aim to assess the value of our suspect case strategy on COVID-19 cases detection and ensure it to be a complement to the RT-PCR test. Materials and methods: from January 23 to April 30, 2020, patients admitted to our emergence isolation ward (EIW) were analyzed in this study. With RT-PCR as a reference standard, all participants were assigned to COVID-19 positive and negative groups. We compared the performance of the suspect case strategy, WBC, LYM, and chest radiography on COVID-19 detection. Results: one hundred twenty-five cases were analyzed in the study period. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed the sensitivity of WBC and LYM on COVID-19 detection was 92.11% and 76.31%, respectively. The sensitivity of the suspect case was 94.73%, and the sensitivity of chest CT was 53.33%. Statistically significant differences were observed for the suspect case, WBCs, LYM, and chest CT on COVID-19 detection. Discussion: suspect case strategy can help identify false negative RT-PCR tests and be a useful complement to RT-PCR in some countries with a tremendous shortage of RT-PCR agents and specialized laboratory during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Local Public Investment Drivers in Peru
Authors: Jimenez Alvaro , Merino Christian , Sosa Juan Carlos
Published: October 2020

Around half of Peru’s public investment is made by local governments. Through the estimation of a dynamic panel data model for 1796 local governments between 2010 and 2018, we find that the most important drivers for local public investment are: (i) availability of funding sources, especially those associated to non-renewable natural resource revenues; (ii) variables associated with each local government’s capacity to plan, budget and execute public investment; and (iii)  political budget cycle effects, especially during the year following local elections. Furthermore, we extend our analysis by differentiating between local governments with reelected and non-reelected authorities, and by grouping local governments according to their economic size. Most of our results are shown to be robust across different specifications. Results from this paper can be used as a starting point to design mechanisms that make public investment more stable and predictable in a context where reelection banning can further deepen public investment’s fall.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: COE AGOSTINHO JÚNIOR HOLANDA , VIEIRA TAMARA RANGEL
Published: October 2020

AGOSTINHO JÚNIOR HOLANDA COE (UFPI), TAMARA RANGEL VIEIRA (FIOCRUZ)
A MEDICINA PARANAENSE NA ALVORADA DO SÉCULO XX: uma análise das discussões veiculadas na Gazeta Médica do Paraná (1901-1904)
Authors: LARA JORGE TIBILLETTI DE
Published: October 2020

No presente texto, analisam-se as discussões veiculadas no primeiro periódico médico paranaense, a Gazeta Médica do Paraná, no seu curto período de duração, entre 1901 e 1904. O objetivo do trabalho é entender como os médicos paranaenses ligados ao periódico interpretavam a ciência e a medicina do período, considerando a especificidade do lugar que ocupavam na produção do conhecimento médico-científico brasileiro, ao mesmo tempo em que compreendiam o periódico como ferramenta importante para a defesa de seus interesses socioprofissionais.  Faz-se uma discussão sobre a especificidade da medicina e da ciência em perspectiva regional, refletindo sobre o debate centro-periferia, buscando demonstrar como a medicina longe dos grandes centros se apropriava ou não daquilo que circulava, nem sempre permanecendo alheia a esse conhecimento, tampouco o incorporando totalmente.

Palavras-chave: Medicina. Periódico Médico. Paraná. Século XX.
ASSISTÊNCIA PÚBLICA NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL DA PRIMEIRA REPÚBLICA
Authors: ROSSI DAIANE SILVEIRA
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo busca dialogar com a atual historiografia que versa sobre a assistência, tendo como escopo principal a conceituação da pobreza por meio de um estudo de caso de sobre o Serviço de Assistência Pública no Rio Grande do Sul, durante as primeiras décadas do século XX, em especial, na cidade de Santa Maria/RS. As fontes analisadas referem-se a publicações da época, cujo objetivo era explicar como deveria ser praticada a assistência no estado e no município.

Palavras-chave: Assistência. Pobreza. Rio Grande do Sul. Primeira República.
El proyecto de vida como competencia básica en la formación integral de estudiantes de educación media
Authors: Díaz-Garay Iris del Socorro , Narváez-Escorcia Iris Teolinda , Amaya-De Armas Tulio
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la influencia de los elementos educativos en la construcción del proyecto de vida en estudiantes de enseñanza media. Se utilizó un enfoque mixto, analizando variables cualitativas y cuantitativas. La muestra la constituyeron 98 miembros de cuatro estamentos: 44 estudiantes, 24 padres de familia, 25 docentes y 5 directivos docentes, de un colegio público colombiano. La información se recogió a través de: observación participante, entrevistas no estructuradas, grupos focales y un cuestionario tipo Liker. Los resultados muestran poca claridad entre los participantes sobre los elementos, la estructura y forma de desarrollar un proyecto de vida. Además, que docentes y padres de familia brindan apoyo y procesos elementales de sensibilización, que favorecen su construcción y desarrollo, pero con pocas orientaciones del equipo de apoyo institucional, contextos socioculturales desfavorables y limitada auto-valoración y determinación del estudiante para lograrlo. Se concluye que es necesario implementar acciones que faciliten acuerdos entre miembros de la comunidad, que lleven a los jóvenes a iniciar procesos asertivos de construcción de sus proyectos de vida.
La calidad y la docencia universitaria: algunos criterios para su valoración
Authors: Clavijo-Cáceres Darwin , Balaguera-Rodríguez Aura Yulianath
Published: October 2020

En este documento, se realiza una reflexión sobre la valoración de la calidad del ejercicio docente en la educación superior. El trabajo parte de la revisión de artículos y documentos del contexto colombiano, relacionados con el concepto de calidad aplicado a las universidades. Luego, se propone una interpretación de la docencia de calidad a la luz de los nuevos escenarios de actuación profesional, donde el docente deja de ser un reproductor de conocimiento para convertirse en un orientador de aprendizajes. En este sentido, se pudo establecer que la labor docente está integrada por tres dimensiones, a saber: disciplinar, pedagógica y humana, cada una compuesta por diferentes características, a través de las cuales se puede valorar la calidad del ejercicio del docente universitario. Se concluye que es posible establecer criterios tangibles para determinar, de manera objetiva, la calidad del ejercicio docente, los cuales deberían ser incorporados en los modelos que orientan los procesos de acreditación de las instituciones de educación superior.
Simetrías inmersas en el proceso de elaboración de la máscara del torito de Galapa
Authors: Paternina-Borja Oscar , Muñoz-Granados Noretshy , Pacheco-Muñoz Ever , Aroca-Araújo Armando
Published: October 2020

El problema de la investigación consistió en la necesidad de reconocer otras formas de pensamiento matemático, específicamente geométrico, desarrollado por los artesanos del municipio de Galapa, Colombia, en la elaboración de la máscara del torito. Por tal motivo, se tuvo como objetivo identificar las simetrías empleadas en la elaboración de las máscaras que se analizaron. El marco teórico tuvo como referente al Programa Etnomatemática, junto con los presupuestos teóricos sobre la actividad del diseño planteada por Bishop, y teniendo en cuenta el color y la forma. La metodología fue de tipo cualitativo, con un método etnográfico. En los resultados se evidenció el uso de medidas no convencionales realizadas por los artesanos, desde la primera hasta la última fase de la elaboración de la máscara del torito. En este proceso, se destacaron las simetrías empleadas y su potencial aporte a la educación matemática, más específicamente a la geometría.
NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN UBI KAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz) MENJADI KELANTING SEBAGAI SNACK LOKAL
Authors: Widiastuti Tri , Nurdjanah Siti , Utomo Tanto Pratondo
Published: October 2020

Processing cassava into various food products is an effort to produce the economic added value of cassava. The processing also needed to reduce the damage of fresh cassava. This study was aimed to asses the performance of ‘kelanting’ as an indigenous snack and its added value. Data were collected at the Plamboyan Farmer Women's Small Group (KWT) in Rejomulyo Village, Palas Subdistrict, South Lampung Regency from August 2019 to November 2019 using questionnaire. The descriptive analysis used to describe the industry performance, while the added value calculated quantitatively using Hayami Table. The results showed that the performance of the processing of cassava by the Plamboyan Small Women Farmers Group (KWT) was affected by the high availability of raw materials, i.e. ‘mentega’ cassava as local variety and how to process ‘kelanting’. The added value of processing cassava become ‘kelanting’ was Rp 5,493.00/kg with a value-added ratio of 64.55% which was classified as high value-added (>40%). The profit was Rp. 3,743.00/kg with profit rate of 68.14%.

Keywords: added value, cassava, processed cassava product
PROSPEK PENGEMBANGAN MINAPOLITAN DI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Authors: Wibowo Yuli , Mahardika Nidya Shara , Karmila Lia Sumi
Published: October 2020

The Government of Situbondo Regency has implemented an agropolitan program in its region since 2013 to develop the potential of fisheries and marine resources. However, the program has not been able to develop as expected and still lacks the impact. This study aimed to determine the prospects for the development of the Minapolitan program in Situbondo Regency. The results of this study were expected to provide guidelines for the development of the Minapolitan program in Situbondo Regency. This study used a prospective analysis method. Method of minapolitan development strategy formulation used Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This research produced scenarios that might occur in the future. These scenarios could serve as a guideline for the preparation of the minapolitan development strategy in Situbondo Regency. The results of the study showed that there were four scenarios will occur in the future, namely the optimistic developing scenario, the pessimistic developing scenario, there was still hope scenario and alert scenario. Based on discussions with experts, the most likely scenario to occur were an optimistic developing scenario and there was still hope scenario. Based on the scenarios that were most likely to occur, the strategy that can be applied for the development of Minapolitan in Situbondo Regency based on AHP method was to provide assistance and facilitate access to technology, markets, and capital.Keywords: analytical hierarchy process, minapolitan, prospective analysis
SORUN ODAKLI GENÇLİK YAZINI VE GENÇ AKTİVİSTLER
Authors: ÇINAR Servet , ASUTAY Hikmet
Published: October 2020

Greta Thunberg sayesinde, iklim değişikliği sorunu dünya çapında ana gündem maddelerinden biri haline gelmiştir. Bu konudan hareketle, sorun odaklı gençlik yazını açısından etkinci Thunberg’in hikayesi ile K. Boie’nin eseri arasında konusal bağlar kurulmaya çalışılmıştır. Gençlik yazınının bir alt türü olarak sınıflandırılan sorun odaklı gençlik yazınında çocuk ve gençlerin dünyalarında karşılaştıkları çeşitli problemler, genellikle roman türünde işlenir. Bu çalışmada, Almanya’da çocuk ve gençlik yazınının önemli yazarlarından Kirsten Boie’nin “Jeder Tag ein Happening” adlı ergenlik romanı incelenip, sorun odaklı gençlik yazını açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Almanya’da yerel bir çevre sorununu işleyen bu roman çerçevesinde gençlerin çevrelerindeki sorunları bir alt-kültür oluşturarak çözmeye iten nedenler irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca günümüzde dünyaca ün kazanan genç iklim etkincisi Greta Thunberg’in3 başlattığı küresel ısınma konusundaki farkındalık oluşturma çabasının toplumdaki yankılarına da değinilmiştir.
FIGURAÇÕES DANTESCAS SOBRE A AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Macedo Miranda de Medeiros Olivia , Medeiros Euclides Antunes de
Published: October 2020

Nesse artigo discutiremos alguns aspectos da estrutura poética e retórica da obra “Viagem Científica: pelo norte da Bahia, sudoeste de Pernambuco, sul do Piauí e de norte a sul de Goiás” (1916), escrita pelos médicos do Instituto Manguinhos, Artur Neiva e Belisário Pena. Referenciando nossa análise na concepção de história como narrativa e discurso ficcionalizado de Hayden White, buscamos compreender como as interpretações presentes nessa obra formularam paisagens de desolação e de tragicidade dantesca sobre o norte de Goiás, atualmente estado de Tocantins, a partir do primeiro quartel do século XX.  As análises realizadas evidenciaram que os referidos médicos territorializaram os sertanejos goianos em uma rede de sentidos vinculada aos signos da doença, da pobreza e da inaptidão.
LETRAMENTO ACADÊMICO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DA ESCRITA POR ALUNOS INDÍGENAS EM UMA LICENCIATURA EM EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO, BRASIL
Authors: Santos Milena dos , Silva Cícero da
Published: October 2020

Este artigo analisa dificuldades relacionadas à escrita por parte de alunos indígenas do curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo: Códigos e Linguagens – Artes e Música da Universidade Federal do Tocantins. O estudo ancora-se nas teorias do letramento, mais especificamente na perspectiva do letramento acadêmico. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, de abordagem qualitativo-interpretativista. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que uma das principais dificuldades encontradas pelos alunos indígenas no espaço acadêmico é o uso da língua portuguesa, sugerindo a necessidade do desenvolvimento de ações capazes de ajudar os estudantes na produção de gêneros escritos, contribuindo assim para a permanência deles na universidade.
Toward Evaluation of The Subjective Experience of A General Class of User-Controlled, Robot-Mediated Rehabilitation Technologies for Children with Neuromotor Disability
Authors: Schladen Manon Maitland , Cleary Kevin , Koumpouros Yiannis , Monfaredi Reza , Salvador Tyler , Talari Hadi Fooladi , Slagle Jacob , Coley Catherine , Kovelman Staci , Belschner Justine , Evans Sarah Helen
Published: October 2020

Technological advances in game-mediated robotics provide an opportunity to engage children with cerebral palsy (CP) and other neuromotor disabilities in more frequent and intensive therapy by making personalized, programmed interventions available 24/7 in children’s homes. Though shown to be clinically effective and feasible to produce, little is known of the subjective factors impacting acceptance of what we term assistive/rehabilitative (A/R) gamebots by their target populations. This research describes the conceptualization phase of an effort to develop a valid and reliable instrument to guide the design of A/R gamebots. We conducted in-depth interviews with 8 children with CP and their families who had trialed an exemplar A/R gamebot, PedBotHome, for 28 days in their homes. The goal was to understand how existing theories and instruments were either appropriate or inappropriate for measuring the subjective experience of A/R gamebots. Key findings were the importance of differentiating the use case of therapy from that of assistance in rehabilitative technology assessment, the need to incorporate the differing perspectives of children with CP and those of their parents into A/R gamebot evaluation, and the potential conflict between the goals of preserving the quality of the experience of game play for the child while also optimizing the intensity and duration of therapy provided during play.
Forecasting with Importance-Sampling and Path-Integrals: Applications to COVID-19
Authors: Ingber Lester
Published: October 2020

Background: Forecasting nonlinear stochastic systems most often is quite difficult, without giving in to temptations to simply simplify models for the sake of permitting simple computations. Objective: Here, two basic algorithms, Adaptive Simulated Annealing (ASA) and path-integral codes PATHINT/PATHTREE (and their quantum generalizations qPATHINT/qPATHTREE) are offered to detail such systems. Method: ASA and PATHINT/PATHTREE have been effective to forecast properties in three disparate disciplines in neuroscience, financial markets, and combat analysis. Applications are described for COVID-19. Results: Results of detailed calculations have led to new results and insights not previously obtained. Conclusion: These 3 applications give strong support to a quite generic application of these tools to stochastic nonlinear systems.
The Impact of Water Loss by Evaporation and Calcite Precipitation on the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and an Alternative Method of Estimating the SAR of Irrigation Drainage Water
Authors: Zhou Qiyu , Bleam William , Soldat Douglas
Published: October 2020

Soil water loss by evaporation influences the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of irrigation drainage water. Evaporation concentrates sodium and magnesium but calcite precipitation has a more complicated effect on soluble calcium and alkalinity. Here we propose a revised sodicity hazard assessment that quantifies the impact of evaporative water loss and calcite precipitation on drainage water SAR. This paper shows sodicity hazard is determined by the initial composition of irrigation water as originally suggested by previous researchers, and provide a simple, accurate way to identify the potential sodicity hazard of any irrigation water. In particular, the initial equivalent concentration of alkalinity and calcium determine the salinization pathway followed during evaporation. If the irrigation water alkalinity exceeds soluble calcium expressed as equivalent concentrations, drainage water SAR approaches an upper limit determined by the initial relative concentration of sodium and magnesium. If irrigation water alkalinity is less than soluble calcium, drainage water SAR approaches a lower limit determined by the initial calcium, magnesium and sodium. In both cases the SAR is scaled by the square root of the concentration factor √Fc quantifying soil water loss. To assess the impact of evaporation and calcite precipitation on the SAR and test the accuracy of the new sodicity hazard assessment, we evaluated data from previously published lysimeter studies. We plotted water composition boundaries for each source water, comparing these boundaries to the drainage water composition recorded in the lysimeter studies. As salinity increased by evaporation, each drainage water followed a distinct salinization path.
An Advanced Mode of Antioxidants Delivery System Effective in the Treatment of ROS and Skin Permeation of The Cosmetic Formulations - The Possible Application of Clove Oil, Eugenol and New Eugenol Derivative
Authors: Makuch Edyta , Nowak Anna , Günther Andrzej , Pełech Robert , Kucharski Łukasz , Duchnik Wiktoria , Klimowicz Adam
Published: October 2020

The main focus of this work is to extend the knowledge about the complexity of issues of oxidative stress. Natural compounds play a serious role in multiple aspects of both human, leading to clear health-promoting effects. This work is focused on the potential application cosmetic formulations containing including but not limited to of clove water and isolated clove oils on their aid in the control of the diseases. The aim of our work was to prepare to evaluate cosmetic formulations containing clove oil, eugenol or new eugenol ester derivative (eugenyl dichloroacetate - EDChA) but also cosmetic formulations containing the aqueous phase obtained after separation of essential oil following the clove buds steam distillation. To evaluate the antioxidants transdermal delivery system, in vitro permeation experiments in a Franz diffusion cell were performed using pig skin. The antioxidative capacity of the cosmetic formulations obtained was determined by the DPPH free radical reduction method. In the next stage, the antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, and Folin–Ciocalteu methods) of the fluid that penetrated through pig skin and of the fluid obtained after skin extraction, were also evaluated. For comparison, studies of cosmetic formulation containing alone dichloroacetic acid (DChAA) were as well carried out. The obtained cosmetic formulations were characterized by of antioxidant activity estimated after 24 hours of conducting the experiment, which indicates long-term protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the deeper layers of the skin. The results of this work contribute to the development of cosmetic formulations with antioxidant potential, emphasizing that the water phases are waste from the process of cloves steam distillation and are not used to prepare cosmetic formulations. The use of waste water from the clove buds steam distillation process is environmentally friendly and not allows us to waste, containing however valuable biologically active compounds (furfural, methyl salicylate, 4-allilofenol, eugenol, α- and β-caryophyllene, eugenyl acetate, β-caryophyllene oxide). Together, these results suggest that cosmetic formulations may be potential drug candidates for chemopreventive, antineoplastic and antimutagenic therapy.
On the Laser Doppler Velocimetry for Surface Rotation Measurements
Authors: Kucharski Dawid , Musiałowski Mateusz
Published: October 2020

The article aims to present the possible use of the simple modified optical training kit as a low-cost, simple setup for high precision surface speed measurements. A measurement capability evaluation of the optical Doppler kit used for velocimetry of a fast-rotating reflecting surface is presented. To get high repeatability measurements, we modified a fibre optic interferometry training kit. By using signal processing and statistics a precision under repeatability conditions of measurements was evaluated. Expressed by the standard deviations (3σ’s) the surface velocity measurements precision below 0.2 m/s is shown. The Cg’s capability indices were also evaluated. We postulate, the electric circuit stability of the measurement system power supply is essential for a signal noise reducing process for a wide range of metrology systems. It is crucial for precision measurements.
Promising Modulatory Effects of Autophagy on APP Processing as a Potential Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Rahman Md. Ataur , Rahman Md Saidur , Rahman MD. Hasanur , Rasheduzzaman Mohammad , Mamun-Or-Rashid ANM , Uddin Md Jamal , Rahman Md Rezanur , Hwang Hongik , Pang Myung-Geol , Rhim Hyewhon
Published: October 2020

Autophagy refers to the degradation of cytoplasmic constituents by a lysosomal-mediated pathway, which plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Importantly, dysregulation of autophagy has been implicated in multiple neurodegenerative disorders. Previous studies reported that autophagy affects the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP), thus stimulating β‐amyloid (Aβ) production in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) eventually. Although the mechanism of autophagy modulation on APP processing and its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated at the molecular level, but modulation of autophagy has received considerable attention as a promising approach for the treatment of AD. In the early stage of AD, Aβ may prompt autophagy to facilitate its removal via mTOR‐independent as well as-dependent pathways. However, a recent study proposed that autophagy processes are not properly regulated as AD continues to progress, and consequently, the production of Aβ tends to accumulate rapidly. Meanwhile, a number of autophagy-related genes (Atg) as well as APP genes are also thought to influence the development of AD, which may serve as a bi‐directional link to autophagy and AD pathology. In this review, we summarized current observations related to autophagy regulation and APP processing, focusing on their dynamic modifications associated with the progression of AD. Recent findings together highlight the essential role of autophagy in the removal and clearance of APP and Aβ deposition in the pathological condition of AD.
Canine Filariasis Outbreak in Southwestern Colombia: A Molecular and Epidemiological Study
Authors: Espinosa Nathaly , Rosero Angelo , Villegas Claudia Lucia , Garcia Isabel Cristina , Gaviria-Cantin Tania , Peña Alejandra , Ferro Beatriz Eugenia , Nieto Ramirez Luisa Maria
Published: October 2020

Different nematodes affect canines, however, Dirofilaria immitis is the most prevalent filariae. D. immitis causes heartworm disease that can be fatal for dogs and potentially transmitted to humans. Climate change, animal migration, among other factors have changed the dynamics of vector-borne diseases, including filariasis. In the last four years, a sudden increase of dogs with microfilaremia was reported by different veterinary centers in Cali, the main city of Southwest Colombia. The objective of this study was to molecularly identify the etiologic agent of this filariasis outbreak reported in this area from 2018-2019, using a novel PCR–RFLP method. Those filariasis cases were initially detected by microscopic and serological tests. A total of 82 canine filariasis cases were molecularly analyzed, identifying 55 (67%) of them as Acantacheilonema reconditum. PCR-sequencing was performed in eight cases confirming this finding. The filariasis cases were statistically associated with male dogs who had clinical signs of anemia, with low levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit (p <0.0001), and high levels of plasma proteins (p <0.001). This emerging canine disease constitutes an important public health concern among clinicians and advises active surveillance to explore its zoonotic potential.
Ischemia-Reperfusion Intervention: From Enhancements in Exercise Performance to Accelerates Performance Recovery - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Arriel Rhaí André , Rodrigues Jéssica Ferreira , Souza Hiago Leandro Rodrigues de , Meireles Anderson , Leitão Luís Filipi Moutinho , Crisafulli Antonio , Marocolo Moacir
Published: October 2020

It has been demonstrated that brief cycles of ischemia followed by reperfusion (IR) applied before exercise can improve performance and, IR intervention, applied immediately after exercise (post-exercise ischemic conditioning – PEIC) exerts a potential ergogenic effect to accelerate recovery. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to identify the effects of PEIC on exercise performance, recovery and the responses of associated physiological parameters, such as creatine kinase, perceived recovery and muscle soreness, over 24 h after its application. From 3281 studies, six involving 106 subjects fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Compared to sham (cuff administration with low pressure) and control interventions (no cuff administration), PEIC led to faster performance recovery (p=0.004; ES=-0.49) and lower increase in creatine kinase (p<0.001; ES=-0.71) and muscle soreness (p<0.001; ES=-0.89) over 24 h. The effectiveness of this intervention is more pronounced in subjects with low/moderate fitness level and at least a total time of 10 min of ischemia (e.g. 2 cycles of 5 min) is necessary to promote positive effects.
Possibilities of Use of Isothermal and Isoperibolic Calorimetry to Study the Effect of Zinc on Hydration of Cement Blended with Fly Ash
Authors: Šiler Pavel , Kolářová Iva , Novotný Rdoslav , Másilko Jiří , Bednárek Jan , Janča Martin , Koplík Jan , Hajzler Jan , Matějka Lukáš , Marko Michal , Švec Jiří , Zlámal Martin , Kuzielová Eva , Opravil Tomáš , Soukal Frantisek
Published: October 2020

Increasing utilization of secondary raw materials and alternative fuels results in increasing contents of metals in cements. One of elements, the content of which keeps rising in cement is zinc. It comes to cement with secondary raw materials such as slag or fly ash or by the utilization of used tires as an alternative fuel. Zinc ions significantly prolong the hydration process in cement. This work deals with the influence of zinc ions in the form of very poorly soluble ZnO salt and easily soluble ZnCl2 and Zn(NO)3 on the hydration of cement blended with fly ash. Zinc was dosed in the range of 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 a 1% of cement weight. Final products were next analyzed using X-Ray Diffraction.
Altruistic Participation in (Bio)medical Experiments on Both Sides of the European Rabbit Borderline
Authors: Rijkers Ger T. , Max Samuel
Published: October 2020

(1) Background: In the United Kingdom, Ireland, Iceland, France, Spain, Portugal, and Italy a subject participating in a (bio) medical experiment is termed a guinea pig. In Germany (Versuchskaninchen), The Netherlands, all of Scandinavia, and most of Eastern Europe, the term rabbit is used for such a subject. We have searched for potential differences in attitudes towards biomedical research by inhabitants of the respective European countries by making an analysis of frequency and motivation to participate in biomedical experiments on both sides of the European rabbit borderline. (2) Methods: We have performed an analysis of the use of experimental animals for research in European countries as well as country specific scientific output in PubMed indexed literature. Attitudes towards biomedical research in European countries was derived from EU questionnaires. (3) Results: In biomedical experiments with animals, more guinea pigs are used in laboratories in “rabbit countries” than in “guinea pig countries”. Inhabitants of “rabbit countries” have a higher participation rate in biomedical experiments and donation of blood than people from “guinea pig” countries. The reasons to participate in a medical experiment are not purely altruistic, especially in “rabbit countries”. (4) Conclusions: inhabitants of European countries in which a person who participates in a biomedical experiment is labeled as an (experimental) rabbit participate more in biomedical experiments as well as tissue and organ donation. Motives to do so are not just altruistic, because financial reasons also play a role.