bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of biofilms by V. cholerae strains on the surfaces of biotic and abiotic substrates using mass spectrometry
Authors: Poleeva M. V. , Chemisova O. S. , Menshikova E. A. , Sagakyants M. M. , Kurbatova E. M.
Published: June 2020

Objective: identification and comparative study of protein spectra of Vibrio cholerae biofilms by MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry.

Materials and methods: V. cholerae O1 strains isolated from different sources were studied. Methods: bacteriological, mass spectrometry.

Results: mass spectrometric analysis showed that it was impossible to identify strains from “plankton” samples and from chitin and plastic plates. After culturing the biofilm and plankton strains, all of them were assigned to the V. cholerae species with a Score above 2,300. A сomparative analysis of MALDI-ToF mass spectra of different variants of V. cholera cultures revealed differences, while general peaks with different intensity were maintained.

Conclusions: all samples of V. cholerae cultures taken for analysis aft er culture on a nutrient medium were reliably identified with a high Score. As a result of comparative analysis of protein mass spectra by the m/z value and relative intensity of peaks, no proteins characteristic only for plankton cultures or biofilms of V. cholerae were detected. The stability of the phenotypic properties of V. cholerae regardless of its form of existence and the high reliability of the MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry method for identifying both planktonic and biofilm forms of V. cholerae with the preservation of the research protocol and bacteriological culturation.
Desarrollo de la mancha foliar por Bipolaris maydis (teleomorfo: Cochliobolus heterostrophus) en maíz dulce, en función de nitrógeno, potasio y silicio en invernadero
Authors: Castellanos González Leonides , De Mello Prado Renato , Silva Campos Cid Naudi , Barbosa da Silva Júnior Fiallos Gabriel
Published: June 2020

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el desarrollo de la mancha foliar causada por Bipolaris maydis, enfermedad común e          n maíz dulce, según la dosis y el acumulado de nitrógeno, potasio y silicio, en condiciones de invernadero. Los tratamientos consistieron en cinco dosis de nitrógeno (N) (0, 200, 400, 800 y 1.200 kg/ha), aplicación o no de potasio (K) (240 kg/ha) y aplicación o no de silicio (Si) (380 kg/ha). Se empleó un diseño experimental completamente aleatorizado con esquema factorial 5 x 2 x 2 y tres repeticiones. Se inocularon todos los tratamientos a los 30 días con una suspensión de 2 x 105 conidios por mL de B. maydis. A los 42 días se midió la acumulación de N, K y Si, así como el porcentaje de infección y el área bajo la curva de progreso de la enfermedad (ABCPE). Los tratamientos que recibieron fertilización con Si y K presentaron mayores acumulados de N, K y Si, y niveles más bajos de intensidad de ataque y ABCPE. Los acumulados de N, K y Si presentaron variaciones frente a las interacciones de la fertilización de K con N, y de Si con N; sin embargo, los niveles de las variables de la enfermedad fueron menores en la fertilización con K o Si, combinadas con las dosis de 0, 200 y 400 kg/ha de N.
LEAVES (optimizing the mentaL health and resiliencE of older Adults that haVe lost thEir spouSe via blended, online therapy): Proposal for an Online Service Development and Evaluation
Authors: van Velsen Lex , Cabrita Miriam , op den Akker Harm , Brandl Lena , Isaac Joana , Suárez María , Gouveia Afonso , Dinis de Sousa Rute , Rodrigues Ana Maria , Canhão Helena , Evans Nathaniel ,   DELA Natura- En Levensverzekeringen NV, Blok Marije , Alcobia Carlos , Brodbeck Jeannette
Published: June 2020

Background

Loss of a spouse is a frequent occurrence in later life. While most older adults successfully process this loss and will return to a normal life, about 10% of the individuals are unable to cope, and progress to prolonged grief (PG). PG, in turn, can result in mental and physical problems including poor sleep, cardiovascular problems, depression, and suicidal tendencies.

Objective

LEAVES (optimizing the mentaL health and resiliencE of older Adults that haVe lost thEir spouSe via blended, online therapy) is an online bereavement program that will support the prevention and treatment of PG, so that elderly mourners can continue to lead an active, meaningful, and dignified life. LEAVES will cater to secondary end users (eg, family, informal caregivers) by reducing stress.

Methods

LEAVES will help older adults to process the loss of a spouse in an online environment, which consists of (1) an existing online grief self-help program LIVIA, (2) the Before You Leave program that allows for storing personal memories, (3) a virtual agent platform, and (4) an accessible front-end design. LEAVES can detect persons at risk for complications, reveal negative trends in their emotional life, and act to counter such trends. The service relies on online support whenever possible but is blended with telephone or face-to-face counseling when necessary.

Results

The project will take place between February 2020 and January 2023 and includes a real-life evaluation in which 315 end users will use the service across 3 countries (the Netherlands, Portugal, and Switzerland). The evaluation of LEAVES will focus on clinical effect, its business case, and technology acceptance. The results will pave the way for smooth integration into existing care paths and reimbursement schemes.

Conclusions

The LEAVES service aims to soften the mourning process, prevents depression or social isolation, strengthens widow(er)s resilience and well-being, and quickens one’s return to societal participation.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/19344
Transdiagnostic Risk and Protective Factors for Psychopathology in Young People: Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Lynch Samantha Jane , Sunderland Matthew , Newton Nicola Claire , Chapman Cath
Published: June 2020

Background

Mental and substance use disorders are among the leading causes of burden of disease worldwide, with risk of onset peaking between the ages of 13 and 24 years. Comorbidity is also common among young people and complicates research, diagnosis and assessment, and clinical decision making. There is increasing support for empirically derived models of psychopathology that overcome issues of comorbidity and provide a transdiagnostic framework for investigating the specificity and generality of risk and protective factors for psychopathology.

Objective

This systematic review aims to identify transdiagnostic risk and protective factors for psychopathology in young people by synthesizing and evaluating findings from research investigating empirically based models of psychopathology.

Methods

Searches will be conducted in Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases. Reference lists of selected articles will also be hand searched for other relevant publications. All studies will be screened against eligibility criteria designed to identify studies that examined empirical models of psychopathology in relation to risk and/or protective factors in young people with a mean age between 10 and 24 years. Study quality will be assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists for Cohort Studies and Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Findings will be summarized in a narrative synthesis, and a meta-analysis will be conducted if sufficient data are available.

Results

This review is ongoing. At the time of submission, full-text screening was completed, and hand searching of selected articles was underway. Results are expected to be completed by the end of 2020.

Conclusions

This protocol is for a systematic review of evidence for transdiagnostic risk and protective factors associated with empirically based models of psychopathology in young people. To our knowledge, the critical synthesis of this evidence will be the first to date and will provide a better understanding of the factors that contribute to the onset and maintenance of psychopathology in young people. Insights drawn from the review will provide critical new knowledge to improve the targeting of interventions to prevent or reduce mental health problems.

Trial Registration

This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020161368) and is available via Open Science Framework.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/19779
Human Factors and Artificial Intelligence – How can we achieve AI for social good (Preprint)
Authors: Oetomo Arlene , Salim Sahan , Bevilacqua Tatiana , Sahu Kirti Sundar , Velmovitsky Pedro Elkind , Jalali Niloofar , Bublitz Frederico Moreira , Morita Plinio Pelegrini
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Advances in technology will impact the field of human factors as new solutions change how we plan, share knowledge, perceive and act on real world problems. Human machine interaction will become more seamless until we are unable to differentiate between the human and the machine introducing issues of trust and privacy. Technological advancement has created big data and now we are able to tackle large problems with data for better evidence-based solutions and policy measures.

OBJECTIVE

This paper discusses the use of human factors methods when developing solutions that use artificial intelligence, including machine learning and deep learning, to tackle challenges for social good, especially related to health.

METHODS

We review relevant literature and present areas and example use cases.

RESULTS

The potential uses for artificial intelligence applied with human factors are discussed in four areas which impact human health and wellbeing: precision medicine, independent living, public health and the environment.

CONCLUSIONS

We hope to inspire future work in this field with a better understanding of how human factors can be applied to AI-based solutions. We make the case for the inclusion of HF experts on diverse project teams.
Leveraging a Cloud-Based Critical Care Registry for COVID-19 Pandemic Surveillance and Research in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (Preprint)
Authors:   CRIT Care Asia, Hashmi Madiha , Beane Abi , Murthy Srinivas , Dondorp Arjen M , Haniffa Rashan
Published: June 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed limitations in real-time surveillance needed for responsive health care action in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The Pakistan Registry for Intensive CarE (PRICE) was adapted to enable International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC)–compliant real-time reporting of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). The cloud-based common data model and standardized nomenclature of the registry platform ensure interoperability of data and reporting between regional and global stakeholders. Inbuilt analytics enable stakeholders to visualize individual and aggregate epidemiological, clinical, and operational data in real time. The PRICE system operates in 5 of 7 administrative regions of Pakistan. The same platform supports acute and critical care registries in eleven countries in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. ISARIC-compliant SARI reporting was successfully implemented by leveraging the existing PRICE infrastructure in all 49 member intensive care units (ICUs), enabling clinicians, operational leads, and established stakeholders with responsibilities for coordinating the pandemic response to access real-time information on suspected and confirmed COVID-19 cases (N=592 as of May 2020) via secure registry portals. ICU occupancy rates, use of ICU resources, mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, and ICU outcomes were reported through registry dashboards. This information has facilitated coordination of critical care resources, health care worker training, and discussions on treatment strategies. The PRICE network is now being recruited to international multicenter clinical trials regarding COVID-19 management, leveraging the registry platform. Systematic and standardized reporting of SARI is feasible in LMICs. Existing registry platforms can be adapted for pandemic research, surveillance, and resource planning.
Impacts of COVID-19 on the health of illicit substance users : Preliminary Analysis from Illicit Drug Transaction Data. (Preprint)
Authors: Bergeron Andreanne
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

While much attention has been given to how COVID-19 patients are treated (or fail to be treated), the impact of the pandemic on illicit drug users remains largely undiscussed. The consequences of COVID-19 on substance users and on the health care system are exposed.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this short report is to understand the health issues that illicit drug users may be currently facing following the lockdowns due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

We analysed 262 self-reported submissions of illicit drug transactions on the darkweb. The self-reports include the date of the transaction, the types of illicit drugs bought/sold, and whether the shipment of the illicit drugs succeeded, had issues (ex. unusually long delivery, an error in the type of drug shipped, quantity or concentration of the drug), or failed.

RESULTS

Between January 1st 2020 and March 21, 2020, deliveries of illicit drug on the darkweb were mostly successful (60% to 100%). Starting on March 21st, the number of shipments that had issues or failed to be delivered increased rapidly and represented a majority of all shipments (79%).

CONCLUSIONS

The flow of darkweb drugs has been disrupted at the same time as COVID-19 pandemic started to lead to lockdowns. This suggests that the lockdowns could have disrupted the sourcing of illicit drugs, thereby possibly impacting the health of illicit drug users.
The People's Voice, the People's Choice: An Overview of Participatory Budgeting in the United States
Authors: Rubin Marilyn Marks , Nicholson Wendy M.
Published: June 2020

Participatory budgeting was launched in the U.S. in 2009 in Chicago, Illinois, by a member of the city's Board of Aldermen (the city council) who used $1 million of his discretionary funds to bring his constituents directly into the local budget decision-making process. By 2018, there were 23 more U.S. jurisdictions with a PB process in place: 12 with PB in selected areas (districts); six with a citywide initiative; five with an initiative to allocate specific pots of money, e.g., CDBG funds (see Table 1); and six with an initiative to bring young voters or high school students into budget decisions. In this descriptive paper, we provide a synopsis of PB initiatives in the U.S. based on publically available information and personal interviews with individuals involved in the PB process. Our paper adds to the literature by providing a review of PB initiatives across the U.S. that will be particularly useful for readers who are looking for a quick purview of the topic or who have limited knowledge of PB.
Effect of Venting on the Explosion of Aluminium-Silver Powder Mixtures
Authors: Mohd Mokhtar Khairiah , Che Hassan Che Rosmani , Md Kasmani Rafiziana , Hamid Mahar Diana , Mohamad Nor Mohamad Iskandr , Mohd Junaidi Mohd Usman
Published: June 2020

Dust explosion is considered as a serious threat for the industry that use or handle combustible materials as it may lead towards a significant economic loss in terms of damage to the facilities and suspension of activities, severe workplace injuries and fatalities. The rapid pressure developed during a dust explosion can be mitigated by venting. The present work explored the effects of venting on the explosion of different mixing weight ratios of aluminium and silver powder mixtures. The explosion characteristics of aluminium-silver mixtures were assessed in a 0.0012 m3 confined and vented cylindrical vessel. It was found that the application of 0.1 bar static burst pressure (Pstat) venting membrane gives one tenth reduction on explosion pressure and maximum rate of pressure rise for 70:30 and 50:50 mixing weight ratios of aluminium-silver mixtures explosion, respectively. This finding suggests that besides the venting application effect, the oxidation reaction of aluminium could be disrupted due to the presence of silver powder in the metal mixtures which results in lower heat transfer and reduction of the mass burning rate, hence, lessen flame speeds and explosion severity. However, the venting effectiveness is reduced when the Pstat increases. In order to assess the applicability of the dust explosion venting standard; NFPA 68 and EN 14491, the experimental results were compared with the calculated values according to the standards. The comparative results show that, both NFPA 68 and EN 14491 give underestimated values for explosion venting as compared with the experimental results.
Solketal Production by Glycerol Acetalization Using Amberlyst-15 Catalyst
Authors: Sulistyo Hary , Huda Edwin Nur , Utami Tri Sarifah , Sediawan Wahyudi Budi , Rahayu Suprihastuti Sri , Azis Muhammad Mufti
Published: June 2020

Glycerol, as a by-product of biodiesel production, has recently increased due to the rapid growth of the biodiesel industry. Glycerol utilization is needed to increase the added value of glycerol. Glycerol can be converted to solketal, which can be used as a green fuel additive to enhance an octane or cetane number. Conversion of glycerol to solketal was conducted via acetalization reaction with acetone using amberlyst-15 as the catalyst. The objective of present study was to investigate the effect of some operation conditions on glycerol conversion. Furthermore, it also aimed to develop a kinetic model of solketal synthesis with amberlyst-15 resins. The experiment was conducted in a batch reactor, equipped with cooling water, thermometer, stirrer, and a water bath. The variables that have been investigated in the present work were reaction temperature, reactants molar ratio, catalyst loading, and stirrer speed for 3 hours of reaction time. Temperatures, reactants molar ratio, and stirrer speed appeared to have a significant impact on glycerol conversion, where the higher values led to higher conversion. On the other hand, in the presence of catalyst, the increase of catalyst loading has a less significant impact on glycerol conversion. The results showed that the highest glycerol conversion was 68.75%, which was obtained at 333 K, the reactant’s molar ratio was  4, the amount of catalyst was 1 wt%, and stirrer speed of 500 rpm. Based on the pseudo-homogeneous kinetic model, the resulting kinetic model suitable for this glycerol capitalization. The value of parameters k and Ea were 1.6135 108 min-1 and 62.226 kJ mol-1,respectively. The simulation model generally fits the experimental data reasonably well in the temperature range of 313-333 K.
MEĐUGENERACIJSKA SOLIDARNOST KAO USMERENJE
Authors: Ilic Marija
Published: June 2020

Metodom analize i sinteze dva izveštaja o evaluacijama primene prepoznaje se zajednička potreba za promovisanjem međugeneracijske solidarnosti i dijaloga između dece i ostarelih članova društva kojima je potrebna podrška u lokalnim zajednicama. Predmet analize su: (1) Nacionalna strategija o starenju koju je donela Vlada Republike Srbije za period 2006-2015. sa predlozima za novi strateški okvir i (2) evaluacija primene programa Građansko vaspitanje kao obaveznog izbornog predmeta u osnovoj i srednjoj školi. Cilj rada je promovisanje međugeneracijske solidarnosti i društveno odgovornog ponašanja putem edukacije u školama u okviru predmeta Građansko vaspitanje. Očekivani rezultati su usmereni na promovisanju vrednosti koje vode ka solidarnosti o odgovornom i angažovanom životu dece i mladih u savremenom građanskom društvu. Dok se u okviru nastavnog predmeta Građansko vaspitanje previše insistira na pravima, a nedovoljno na obavezama, deca izbegavaju odgovornost. Rad na unapređenju međugeneracijske solidarnosti je prilika da decu pozovemo na odgovornost organizovanjem humanitarnih akcija i saradnjom sa predstavnicima lokalne zajednice.
La importancia de las redes familiares en los procesos de reunificación de los Latinoamericanos en los Estados Unidos
Authors: Ruiz-Santacruz J-Sebastián
Published: June 2020

Los procesos migratorios incorporan diferentes estrategias que modifican las probabilidades de una nueva emigración. La existencia de una red de apoyo en muchos casos de familiares, funciona como un mecanismo de promoción de la migración. El objetivo de este estudio, es detallar cuáles eventos de reunificación son comunes en el desplazamiento de las familias y cuánto es el tiempo transcurrido entre las reunificaciones más habituales; es decir, entre cónyuges o entre padres e hijos. Para lograrlo, se estudia la reunificación con la información proveniente de las bases de datos de IPUMS-I e IPUMS-USA. La primera, permite analizar la composición de los hogares y observa el rol del sexo por tipo de reunificación, y la segunda, detalla qué variables influyen en el tiempo de reunificación de las categorías mencionadas. Los resultados muestran el predominio de tipos específicos de hogar y el cambio de tendencia en el tiempo, así como las variables significativas en el incremento o disminución del riesgo de reunificación.
Competitividad y productividad del administrador de empresas en las PYMES en Colombia y Latinoamérica
Authors: Mejía Durango Isabel Cristina , Jiménez Rueda Carlos Antonio
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo pretende explorar los principales elementos de competitividad y productividad con los que cuenta el administrador de empresas en pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) en Colombia y otros países de Latinoamérica. Para ello, se hizo una revisión de literatura que pretende conocer cómo se encuentran las competencias genéricas y profesionales, basadas en el proyecto Tuning y otros estudios propios de instituciones y organizaciones, a nivel cualitativo. Esto se hace con el objetivo de realizar un comparativo frente al estado actual de la discusión en la realidad colombiana, con el resto de Latinoamérica con el fin de establecer sus diferencias y/o semejanzas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que hay similitudes frente a la competitividad y productividad hallada en los administradores, tanto de Colombia como de otros países Latinoamericanos. Sin embargo, también se hace énfasis en su proceso de formación al momento de incluir casos propios de su región y no solamente de países como Estados Unidos, como proceso de aprendizaje para estos profesionales.
An Investigation of Canadian Undergraduate Music Education Students’ Personal and Professional Experiences During a Three-Month Residency in China
Authors: Bayley Jonathan G. , Mio Vanessa A.
Published: June 2020

The present study investigated undergraduate Canadian music education students’ personal and professional experiences during a three-month residency in China. Participants (N=3), in this case study, were part of a SSHRC funded Canada-China Reciprocal Learning Program and were in the process of completing a Bachelor of Education degree. The participants observed classroom teaching, attended workshops/presentations at Southwest University in Chongqing, China, and gave presentations to Chinese teachers and students. They were asked a wide range of open-ended questions relating to their preconceptions of life in China, coping strategies (e.g., language, local customs, environmental context, etc.), curricular and pedagogical similarities/differences, relationships with their Chinese counterparts, and potential impact on their future educational and professional plans. The findings indicated intellectual, social, and personal growth over this three-month period. Students spoke of overcoming fear and acquiring increased personal/professional self-awareness. However, there was no solid assurance that the participants’ experiences would have a lasting positive effect on their future pedagogical practices.
Integrating Multiliteracies for Preservice Teachers Using Project-Based Learning
Authors: Sefton Terry , Smith Kara , Tousignant Wayne
Published: June 2020

Using a project-based learning approach, three teacher educators, teaching three different methodology courses, worked together to create, plan, and assess an arts-based assignment completed by preservice candidates. The preservice teachers created an animation project while applying curriculum expectations in three subject areas: visual arts, music, and language arts. The three subjects were segregated for the purpose of instruction, integrated during the group work and creative process, and then jointly assessed using negotiated reporting. This paper describes the project and details the challenges of integrating teaching and learning across institutionally segregated courses when student expectations are conditioned by their prior experience of siloed, subject-based learning, and discusses lessons learned by the three teacher educators and implications for team teaching across the curriculum.
Pembelajaran Daring di Tengah Wabah Covid-19
Authors: Sadikin Ali , Hamidah Afreni
Published: June 2020

Pademi Covid-19 has disturbed the learning process in a face-to-face manner. Therefore online learning solutions need to be sought as an answer to these problems. The aim of the study was to obtain an overview of the implementation of online learning in the Biology Education Study Program of the Teaching and Education Faculty (FKIP) of Jambi University as an effort to suppress the spread of covid-19 in the campus environment. Research subjects were students of Biology Education Study Program. Data collected by telephone interview. Data analysis was performed using the interactive analysis technique of Miles & Huberman. The results showed that: (1) students already have the basic facilities needed to take part in online learning; (2) online learning has flexibility in its implementation and is able to encourage the emergence of learning independence and motivation to be more active in learning; and (3) distance learning encourages the emergence of social distancing behavior and minimizes the emergence of student crowds so that it is deemed able to reduce the potential for the spread of Covid-19 in the campus environment.

Abstrak. Pademi covid-19 telah mengganggu proses pembelajaran secara konvensional. Maka diperlukan solusi untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut. Pembelajaran secara daring adalah salah satu alternatif yang dapat mengatasi masalah tersebut. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring di Prodi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Jambi sebagai upaya menekan penyebaran covid-19 di Perguruan Tinggi. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Biologi. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara melalui zoom cloud meeting. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik analisis interaktif Miles & Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) mahasiswa telah memiliki fasilitas-fasilitas dasar yang dibutuhkan untuk mengikuti pembelajaran daring; (2) pembelajaran daring memiliki fleksibilitas dalam pelaksanaannya dan mampu mendorong munculnya kemandirian belajar dan motivasi untuk lebih aktif dalam belajar; dan (3) pembelajaran jarak jauh mendorong munculnya perilaku social distancing dan meminimalisir munculnya keramaian mahasiswa sehingga dianggap dapat mengurangi potensi penyebaran Covid-19 di lingkungan kampus. Lemahnya pengawasan terhadap mahasiswa, kurang kuatnya sinyal di daerah pelosok, dan mahalnya biaya kuota adalah tantangan tersendiri dalam pembelajaran daring.
Focus on Systems to Improve Morbidity and Mortality Conference Relevance
Authors: Chiang Christina W. , Greenberg Jenna B. , Richardson Caroline R.
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives: Morbidity and mortality conference (MMC) is educationally important. However, resident physicians rate it less positively than faculty, citing focus on assigning blame rather than targeting change. Additionally, many MMC presentations are selected for clinical novelty instead of avoidable outcome. Despite significant time and resources routinely committed to MMC, its educational and clinical impact is generally limited. This warrants shifting focus toward quality improvement and systems-based care.
Methods: From July to December 2017, within a large, public academic center and medical school, the family medicine MMC became a quality conference (QC) focusing on thematically-linked, system-based errors. After case presentations, the audience split into small groups for targeted discussion then reconvened to identify specific interventions. We collected attitudinal data from faculty and resident physicians in attendance using real-time audience text polling, targeting case relevance and change impact.
Results: Compared to MMC, QC case relevance improved by 0.39 (P<.01) on a 5-point scale. Compared to MMC, QC cumulatively approached but did not meet statistical significance regarding changing clinical practice. Qualitative statements commented on increased multilevel engagement, dedicated follow up, and decreased didactic presentations.
Conclusions: QC demonstrated statistically significant increased relevance compared to MMC, reflecting the benefit of systems-based, thematically-linked cases.
Elites jurídicas e relações internacionais: Wilson Center e agenda anticorrupção do Judiciário brasileiro
Authors: Menuzzi Eduardo De Moura , Engelmann Fabiano
Published: June 2020

O artigo pretende trazer elementos para a análise do papel dos think tanks na construção da agenda política das instituições judiciais no Brasil dos anos 2000. Para tanto, nos centramos no protagonismo do think tank norte-americano Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars na difusão da agenda anticorrupção e nas relações estabelecidas com a cúpula do Judiciário no cenário nacional. Através da análise de conteúdo dos sucessivos relatórios publicados pela entidade, bem como, das conexões entre apoiadores, intelectuais e agentes judiciais que ocupam postos de destaque no Judiciário brasileiro; buscou-se explorar a produção ideacional do Wilson Center. O material obtido evidencia o investimento das ações do Instituto em direção à difusão da agenda anticorrupção. Esse processo se intensifica, especialmente a partir de 2014, quando os laços de cooperação com a elite jurídica brasileira aparecem através de diferentes eventos em uma conjuntura de forte protagonismo político e judicial em torno dessa agenda.
O Brasil e a Guerra Das Malvinas – uma análise do processo decisório brasileiro
Authors: Ferreira Tulio Sérgio Henriques , Fortes Clarice Maria Lima
Published: June 2020

O artigo analisa a formulação da Política Externa Brasileira (PEB) no contexto do conflito da Guerra das Malvinas (1982), tendo como foco principal o entendimento da posição adotada pelos atores mais relevantes no âmbito deste processo. Assim, o presente estudo busca compreender a opção diplomática brasileira pela “neutralidade imperfeita”, bem como identificar e analisar a influência dos diferentes atores envolvidos no processo de formulação e implementação da política exterior relativa ao conflito. Argumenta-se que a atuação do governo brasileiro resultou do contexto histórico nacional e de relacionamento bilateral com a Argentina, pela centralidade do país vizinho para o governo de João Figueiredo (1979-1985) e pelas características institucionais do Ministério das Relações Exteriores (MRE). Neste sentido, a identificação da unidade de decisão prevalente, nomeadamente o Ministro das Relações Exteriores do Brasil à época, Ramiro Saraiva Guerreiro, e o Presidente da República, João Figueiredo, na estruturação do posicionamento nacional no que tange à disputa anglo-argentina em análise surge como uma variável importante para a compreensão da postura do país ao longo do trabalho.
Autonomia e desenvolvimento como ideias constitutivas na cooperação entre Argentina e Brasil na área nuclear
Authors: Januário Luiza Elena , Soares Samuel Alves
Published: June 2020

O objetivo no artigo é analisar o papel das ideias de autonomia e desenvolvimento nas atividades e nos posicionamentos de Argentina e Brasil em matéria nuclear, para compreender os impactos na promoção da cooperação bilateral. O relacionamento entre Argentina e Brasil é historicamente marcado por oscilações entre tônicas de rivalidade e cooperação. No campo nuclear não há diferenças substantivas e foi inicialmente caracterizado por competição e desconfianças, sendo progressivamente alterado para uma postura de aproximação e construção da confiança mútua. Autonomia e desenvolvimento podem ser entendidos como noções presentes nas deliberações realizadas pelos e nos países e que permitiram a identificação de valores e desafios comuns. Autonomia e desenvolvimento serviram como um primeiro eixo de contato para a cooperação em uma temática sensível e relevante na segunda metade do século XX, desde o início dos esforços em matéria de tecnologia nuclear nos anos 1950 até o estabelecimento de um novo patamar para as relações bilaterais no início dos anos 1990.
La resiliencia: habilidad esencial para hacerle frente a la cuarta revolución industrial
Authors: Morgan Asch Jesús
Published: June 2020

La cuarta revolución industrial se cierne sobre el mundo laboral como una amenaza significativa, al converger diversos avances tecnológicos disruptivos en el mismo espacio y tiempo de nuestra historia. Como todo cambio, esto representa un reto para la humanidad. El objetivo de esta revisión de literatura se centra en determinar cómo la resiliencia podría precisamente apoyar en el proceso de transición hacia la nueva revolución. Se determina que la resiliencia en sí misma es una filosofía que contiene muchas de las principales habilidades blandas que se requerirán en el futuro para hacer frente al cambio radical que se espera.
Capacidad de gestión de las tiendas de abarrotes de Tecate, B. C., una variable de la competitividad sistémica
Authors: Plazola Rivera Teresa de Jesús , Guadalupe De la O Burrola Verónica , De la Rosa Gutiérrez Luciano
Published: June 2020

Las tiendas de abarrotes enfrentan amenazas por la competencia que libran contra las tiendas de conveniencia. Se realizó un estudio en Tecate, B. C., México, con el objetivo de determinar si cuentan con capacidad de gestión, variable del nivel micro de competitividad sistémica, y su relación con la antigüedad del negocio y el nivel académico del dueño. Es un estudio cuantitativo, transversal, descriptivo y correlacional, con un nivel de confianza del 95 % y error del 5 %. Los dueños indicaron que cuentan con capacidad de gestión, pero se observa débil relación de esta con el nivel académico del dueño y ninguna con la antigüedad del negocio.
La banca costarricense y sus retos, desde una perspectiva de ética, imagen, credibilidad y confianza
Authors: Alcázar Villalobos Juan Pablo , Carvajal Cascante Osvaldo , Vallejo Esquivel Gustavo Mauricio
Published: June 2020

Este artículo procura generar consciencia en la población sobre la trascendencia de la banca en el desarrollo nacional y cómo la confianza depositada por los habitantes logra que el sistema financiero nacional se desarrolle y evolucione de forma más ágil, al establecerse la regla de que, cuanta más confianza, más transacciones y satisfacción de necesidades; es decir, la ética desarrollada desde una perspectiva del comportamiento del individuo en el sector bancario, donde valores como profesionalismo, diligencia, responsabilidad y honestidad resultan determinantes para llevar a cabo el negocio y una buena gestión financiera, de la que dependen sumas considerables de dinero.
Adenocarcinoma Arising at a Urostomy: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jeon Sungmi , Myung Yujin , Pak Changsik
Published: June 2020

We report a case of adenocarcinoma originating in a urostomy site 35 years after bladder cancer operation and urostomy formation. While ileostomy adenocarcinoma has been reported as a rare complication after colectomy and ileostomy formation for inflammatory bowel disease or familial adenomatous polyposis, there were no previously published cases of parastomal carcinoma in patients with urostomy. In our case, a series of work-ups, including immunohistochemical staining (cytokeratin 7 and 20, p63), revealed no evidence of primary adenocarcinoma of the skin or any other primary tumor. The patient underwent surgical excision with urostomy reformation and the skin defect was successfully reconstructed using local flap and split-thickness skin graft. This case poses a diagnostic challenge for clinicians because skin primary adenocarcinoma (i.e., malignant adnexal tumor) is likely to be ruled out due to its low incidence, and the symptoms may be considered those of a rare subcutaneous metastasis from a visceral malignancy (e.g., colon cancer) in the patient with a history of a prior malignancy (bladder cancer). This underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach and patient education for early diagnosis.
Effectiveness of Flaps Controlling Inflammation for Severe Pressure Sores in Older Patients with Multiple Comorbidities
Authors: Lee Hye-Kyung , Jeong Hii-Sun
Published: June 2020

Background: Older patients with pressure sores secondary to medical problems generally are not likely to become physically active again and are therefore rarely considered candidates for flap surgery. When surgeons decide whether to perform surgery in older individuals with multiple morbidities, they must weigh the risks of prolonged general anesthesia and the burdens of flap surgery against the benefits of the flap.Methods: This retrospective study included patients over 65 years of age who were treated at our clinic from May 2010 to August 2018 for grade III or IV pressure sores. They underwent either general wound care without flap coverage (debridement only) or complete flap coverage of the sore (debridement plus flap group). We compared changes in laboratory blood tests from pre-operation to post-operation.Results: A total of 63 patients were included, with 53 in the flap coverage group and 10 in the control group. Age, sex, and flap size were statistically similar between groups (P>0.05). The control group exhibited no significant laboratory changes after debridement. The flap coverage group exhibited statistically significant improvements in neutrophil percentage and C-reactive protein level postoperatively (P<0.05, paired t-test). Serum hemoglobin, albumin and electrolyte levels did not differ with statistical significance from pre-operation to post-operation in either group (P>0.05, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and paired t-test).Conclusion: As pressure sore coverage with flaps may have a positive effect on controlling inflammation, flap surgery could be a viable option for older patients with severe pressure sores.
Respiratory tract damage with bocavirus infection in children
Authors: Sharipova E. V. , Babachenko I. V. , Shcherbatyh M. A.
Published: June 2020

Long time the main pathogens associated with the development of community-acquired pneumonia were bacteria. However, in recent years in the Russian Federation, like all over the world, the view of the damage of lower respiratory tract changed, including a unique approach to community-acquired pneumonia as a bacterial infection, and respiratory viruses have become seen as a direct cause of lower respiratory tract damage, or as part of a viral-bacterial co-infection. These studies became possible since the widespread introduction of PCR techniques in the clinical setting, identification of respiratory viruses has increased and new microorganisms such, one as human bocavirus have been discovered. Objective: to study the features of respiratory tract damage in acute bocavirus infection in children of different ages. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 97 medical hospital documentation of children with acute bocavirus infection, detected confirmed by PCR in nasopharyngeal aspirate. Results: In this work, it was shown that human bocavirus spread throughout the year with an increase in the incidence of clinically significant forms in the autumnwinter period, including during the period of an increase in the incidence of influenza. HBoV infection requiring hospitals is most significant in the first three years of life. In 74.2% of hospitalized children, bocavirus infection occurs with lower respiratory tract infections in the form of bronchitis — 77.8%, pneumonia — 28.9% and rarely bronchiolitis and is complicated by the development of respiratory failure in 28.9% of cases. Changes in the blood test are non-specific, and the level of C-reactive protein in children with various clinical manifestations of HBoV infection generally does not exceed 50 mg / l. An x-ray of the chest organs does not objectively reflect the existing volume and nature of the inflammatory process in the lungs.
Features of fungal colonization of newborns from mothers with vulvovaginitis
Authors: Eiberman A. S. , Chernenkov Y. V. , Bochkova L. G.
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and etiological structure of fungal colonization of newborns from mothers with vaginal infections taking into account the methods of delivery, gestational age and body weight of the child. Material and methods. 80 women clinically suspicious of fungal vulvovaginitis were examined at 16—22 weeks of gestation. Samples from the loci of probable fungal colonization in their children (81 newborns, one twins) were collected on 2—3 and 10—5 days of life. Samples were plated on Sabouraud agar and Czapek agar, followed by species identification by API Candida — api 20 C AUX yeast assay. Results. Positive results were found in 23 (28.8%) mothers (Candida spp.) And 44 (54.3%) newborns (Candida spp., Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium expansum Link, Mucor racemosus). Isolates of 7.4% of full-term infants were completely identical to the maternal microflora (Candida spp.). The remaining 19 (23.5%) premature infants were found to have molds of fungi, which indicates the nosocomial nature of the infection. A statistically significant relationship between the type of delivery and fungal colonization in newborns was found in the early neonatal period (2—3 days of life).
EBV mononucleosis in children in modern conditions
Authors: Hakizimana J. K. , Timchenko V. N. , Shakmaeva M. A. , Kaplina T. A. , Subbotina M. D. , Bannova S. L. , Fedorova A. V. , Sukhovetskaya V. F. , Pavlova E. B. , Pavlova N. V.
Published: June 2020

EBV-mononucleosis is a widespread infectious disease, and also it is an urgent problem of the whole world. The purpose of the research was to study the clinical and laboratory features of EBV-mononucleosis in hospitalized children of different ages in modern conditions. Under the supervision were 136 children aged from 1 year to 18 years. All of the patients had typical and mainly (85%) moderate form of the disease, and 15% of them patients had a severe form of the disease. The results: more severe fever and lymphadenopathy were observed in children older than 3 years. Acute tonsillitis was present in all hospitalized children. Adenoiditis and hepatosplenomegaly were greater in the group of patients of a younger age. Hyperfermentemia was determined in more than half of patients, more often in children over 12 years old. In the hemogram leukocytosis and monocytosis were mostly noted. Atypical blood mononuclear cells were detected in 89% of patients. Patients got complex etiopathogenetic therapy.
Clinical relevance of virological verification methods for the etiology of infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Demina O. I. , Tikhomirov D. S. , Chebotareva T. A. , Mazankova L. N. , Tupoleva T. A.
Published: June 2020

Purpose: to justify the need to use at least two methods (direct and indirect) for reliable laboratory decoding of infectious mononucleosis. Materials and methods. We observed 107 children with infectious mononucleosis. Deciphering the etiology was carried out using ELISA (We determined IgM VCA-EBV, IgG EA-EBV, IgG EBNA-EBV, IgM CMV, IgG CMV in serum) and PCR (We determined investigated viral DNA (EBV, CMV, HHV 6) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells). Results: In the structure of infectious mononucleosis, EBV remains the leading infection: 82 children (76.6%). In case of reactivated EBV infection, the isolated use of the ELISA method does not limit the possibility of interpreting the results without additional evaluation of the test results by PCR. A significantly level of viral DNA concentration in the examined children has not been established. The detection frequencies of EBV DNA and HHV 6 DNA by PCR are not mutually independent (p < 0.001). Detection of one of the viruses reduces the chance of detecting another virus (OR = 0.133; 95% CI from 0.0537 to 0.3273, p < 0.0001).
Experience in complex etiopathogenetic therapy of rotavirus infection in children: the effectiveness of innovation
Authors: Gorbunov S. G. , Mazankovа L. N. , Degtyareva E. A. , Minayeva L. A. , Oskin A. N.
Published: June 2020

The article presents the clinical effectiveness of complex etiopathogenic therapy of rotavirus infection in children using a combination of «Adiarin» — tannate gelatin, hyposmolar rehydration solution and probiotic containing lactobacilli LGG and bifidobacteria BB-12. It was found that in patients receiving innovative treatment, compared with children who were on traditional therapy, fever was significantly less frequent, its duration and hospitalization time were reduced by 2.4 days. In addition, acidosis was significantly less pronounced in this group compared to the control group. Thus, the use of the «Adiarin» line of products contributes to a faster recovery of children with rotavirus infection compared to patients who received standard treatment.
Еxternal forms of recombinant interferon alfa-2b - ointment and gel in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza in children
Authors: Shamsheva O. V. , Novosad E. V. , Polesko I. V. , Uchaykin V. F. , Malinovskaya V. V. , Semenenko T. A.
Published: June 2020

The review article presents the results of numerous studies on the effectiveness and safety of the newly developed forms of the human recombinant interferon alpha- 2b drug, ointment and gel, intended for the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza in children. Еxternal forms of the drug retain immunomodulatory, antiviral and antiproliferative effects. The dosage form of the preparation of interferon alpha-2b VIFERON® in the form of a gel or ointment allows to achieve a prolonged action due to good absorption, especially the gel, which increases its effectiveness, and also has a moisturizing effect and rarely causes allergies. All of the above properties justify the inclusion of the drug interferon alpha-2b VIFERON® in the form of a gel or ointment in the complex treatment of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections in children.
Assessment of consumption of medicines of drugs in conditions of stationary treatment children with acute respiratory viral infections
Authors: Narkevich I. A. , Timchenko V. N. , Nemyatykh O. D. , Siukaeva D. D. , Terninko T. M. , Melnikova G. S.
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the study was to analyze the structure of drug consumption in the conditions of inpatient treatment of children with acute respiratory viral infections to optimize treatment standards and reduce material costs. The paper presents the results of a retrospective study of the consumption of drugs in the inpatient treatment of children with acute respiratory viral infections. It is shown that the most vulnerable group for the occurrence and development of acute respiratory viral infections is represented by children aged 1 year to 7 years (60.0% of the total population). Evaluation of drug consumption suggests that the frequency of prescriptions is dominated by J01 category «Antibacterial drugs for systemic use» and R01 «Nasal preparations» (18.58% and 16.56%, respectively). At the same time, the group L03 «Immunostimulants» makes a significant contribution to the consumption structure according to the frequency of appointments, covering 9.31%.