bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Teenage Students’ Musculoskeletal Health, Teenage Students Training Program: the Application of Intervention Mapping Approach
Authors: NeJhaddadgar Nazila , Tavafian Sedigheh Sadat , Ziapour Arash , Abbas Jaffar , Jamshidi Ahmad Rreza
Published: February 2021

Background: According to the studies conducted, adolescence and its related health issues are of the most significant issues. The purpose of the study was to develop a Musculoskeletal Health intervention-training program using intervention mapping approach (IMA).Methods: The present study was a study protocol where IMA was used as a planning framework for developing musculoskeletal Health intervention-training program. Six intervention mapping steps were completed in the study. As the first step, needs assessment was performed by reviewing the studies, qualitative evaluation and interviews. In the second step, matrix of change objectives was designed. Later on, after designing the program and planning the program implementation, the program evaluation plan was developed.Results: IMA guided us in designing and implementing a control-oriented training program with the participation of the participants along with the definition of outcomes, performance goals and determinants, theoretical methods and practical applications, intervention program, implementation and step by step assessment.Conclusion: Intervention mapping is a participation-based approach to design and implement promotion programs.
BP Network for Predicting the TBM utilization
Authors: Li Ningbo , Zhu Yan , Xiao Qingxia , Xu Xiaobin , Wang Kai , Li Yao , Wang Ruirui , Wang Houtong
Published: February 2021

This paper proposed the idea of combining genetic algorithm (GA) with BP (back propagation) neural network, and establishes the TBM tunneling utilization prediction model based on BPNN-GA. Based on the analysis of rock parameters affecting TBM utilization, the rock mass grade, uniaxial compressive strength UCS and joint spacing DPW are selected as the input parameters for TBM utilization prediction. The TBM utilization prediction model based on BPNN-GA is established. The node number and super parameters of hidden layer are determined by empirical formula. The prediction results of bpnn-ga model are combined with the traditional BPNN model The results show that, compared with the traditional BPNN model, BPNN has been improved under the optimization of genetic algorithm, the prediction accuracy on the test set is increased by about 8.95%, and the mean square error is reduced by about 60%. BPNN-GA model does not rely on specific data sets in prediction, showing good portability and generalization.
Right Ventricular Free wall Longitudinal Strain in Heart Failure with Mid-range and Preserved Ejection Fraction. Application and Prognostic Implications.
Authors: Grados-Saso Daniel , Salvador Juan Manuel , Gracia-Gutiérrez Anyuli , Rubio-Gracia Jorge , Perez-Calvo Juan Ignacio , Lacambra-Blasco Isaac
Published: February 2021

Purpose: Right ventricle plays an important role in heart failure with preserved and mid-range ejection fraction. Right ventricular dysfunction is common and associated with increased morbidity and mortality in this population. Quantification of right ventricular functional parameters by echocardiography is challenging. Right ventricular strain represents a tool that can provide useful information in the assessment of RV function, offering information with potential prognostic implications.Methods: In a cohort of 71 prospectively included patients admitted for an episode of heart failure with mid-range and preserved ejection fraction (LVEF >40%) right ventricular function was evaluated through right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain. Left ventricular global longitudinal strain was also calculated. Relationship with variables such as hospital readmission and cardiovascular mortality was studied. Results: Worse right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain was associated to higher probability of cardiovascular mortality at six months. In a multivariate analysis RV free wall strain remained a predictor of cardiovascular mortality at 6 months. Significant linear correlation (p <0.01) was observed between longitudinal deformation indices of both ventricles. Conclusion In patients with heart failure with preserved and mid-range ejection fraction, impairment of right ventricular free wall strain is common and is related to worse clinical outcome (increased cardiovascular mortality at six months) regardless of other right ventricular functional parameters and left ventricular ejection fraction. Therefore, representing a sensitive non-invasive prognostic indicator in these patients, and could be useful in stratifying the risk of adverse events. RV and LV strain are correlated indicating biventricular involvement of deformation parameters with prognostic significance.
Feasibility of Short Imaging Protocols for [18F]PI-2620 Tau-PET in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Song Mengmeng , Scheifele Maximilian , Barthel Henryk , Eimeren Thilo van , Beyer Leonie , Marek Ken , Eckenweber Florian , Palleis Carla , Kaiser Lena , Finze Anika , Kern Maike , Nitschmann Alexander , Biechele Gloria , Katzdobler Sabrina , Bischof Gerard , Hammes Jochen , Jessen Frank , Saur Dorothee , Schroeter Matthias , Rumpf Jost-Julian , Rullmann Michael , Schildan Andreas , Patt Marianne , Stephens Andrew , Rauchmann Boris , Perneczky Robert , Levin Johannes , Classen Joseph , Neumeier Bernd , Höglinger Günter , Bartenstein Peter , Boening Guido , Ziegler Sibylle , Villemagne Victor , Drzezga Alexander , Seibyl John , Sabri Osama , Brendel Matthias
Published: February 2021

PurposeDynamic 60-minute positron-emission-tomography (PET) imaging with the novel tau radiotracer [18F]PI-2620 facilitated accurate discrimination between patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and healthy controls (HCs). This study investigated if truncated acquisition and static time windows can be used for [18F]PI-2620 tau-PET imaging of PSP. MethodsThirty-seven patients with PSP Richardson syndrome (PSP-RS) were evaluated together with ten HCs. [18F]PI-2620 PET was performed by a dynamic 60 minute scan. Distribution volume ratios (DVRs) were calculated using full and truncated scan durations (0-60, 0-50, 0-40, 0-30, and 0-20 minutes p.i.). Standardized uptake value ratios (SUVrs) were obtained 20-40, 30-50, and 40-60 minutes p.i.. All DVR and SUVr data were compared with regard to their potential to discriminate patients with PSP-RS from HCs in predefined subcortical and cortical target regions (effect size, area under the curve (AUC), multi-region classifier).Results0-50 and 0-40 DVR showed equivalent effect sizes as 0-60 DVR (averaged Cohen’s d: 1.22 and 1.16 vs. 1.26), whereas the performance dropped for 0-30 or 0-20 DVR. The 20-40 SUVr indicated the best performance of all static acquisition windows (averaged Cohen’s d: 0.99). The globus pallidus internus discriminated patients with PSP-RS and HCs at a similarly high level for 0-60 DVR (AUC: 0.96), 0-40 DVR (AUC: 0.96), and 20-40 SUVr (AUC: 0.94). The multi-region classifier sensitivity of these time windows was consistently 86%.ConclusionTruncated and static imaging windows can be used for [18F]PI-2620 PET imaging of PSP. 0-40 minute dynamic scanning offers the best balance between accuracy and economic scanning.
Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Hepatocyte-like Cells Provide Insights on Parenteral Nutrition Associated Cholestasis in the Immature Liver
Authors: Nghiem-Rao T. Hang , Pfeifer Courtney , Asuncion Michelle , Nord Joshua , Schill Daniel , Pulakanti Kirthi , Patel Shailendra B. , Cirillo Lisa A. , Rao Sridhar
Published: February 2021

Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) significantly limits the safety of intravenous parenteral nutrition (PN). Critically ill infants are highly vulnerable to PNAC-related morbidity and mortality, however the impact of hepatic immaturity on PNAC is poorly understood. We examined developmental differences between fetal/infant and adult livers, and used human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (iHLC) to gain insights into the contribution of development to altered sterol metabolism and PNAC. We used RNA-sequencing and computational techniques to compare gene expression patterns in human fetal/infant livers, adult liver, and iHLC. We identified distinct gene expression profiles between the human feta/infant livers compared to adult liver, and close resemblance of iHLC to human developing livers. Compared to adult, both developing livers and iHLC had significant downregulation of xenobiotic, bile acid, and fatty acid metabolism; and lower expression of the sterol metabolizing gene ABCG8. When challenged with stigmasterol, a plant sterol found in intravenous soy lipids, lipid accumulation was significantly higher in iHLC compared to adult-derived HepG2 cells. Our findings provide insights into altered bile acid and lipid metabolizing processes in the immature human liver, and support the use of iHLC as a relevant model system of developing liver to study lipid metabolism and PNAC.
The Value of Alveolar Lavage Fluid mNGS in the Peripheral Pulmonary Among Children
Authors: Qiu Kun-yin , Liao Xiong-yu , Fang Jian-pei , Zhou Dun-hua
Published: February 2021

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of alveolar lavage fluid mNGS in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary infectious lesions among children.Methods Twenty-eight consecutive pediatric patients suspected of pulmonary infections were retrospectively.Result The detection rate of traditional pathogen method was 17.9%, while the detection rate of mNGS was 71.4% (P<0.01,). The smoothing curve also showed that, there is a negative linear correlation between WBC and microbial reads (P<0.05,). Further we found when CRP is less than 60mg/dl, CRP increases with the increase of microbial sequencing reads. With the ROC curves, we demonstrated the different detection methods of alveolar lavage fluid in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary infectious lesions.The results showed that mNGS was more sensitive (100%) and specific (90.9%) compared to traditional method (83.3%, 18.2%). The PPV and NPV of mNGS were 100% and 75%. The AUC of mNGS was 95.45%, while the AUC of traditional methods was 50.76%, which was with a significant difference (P<0.001). The PPV and NPV of traditional pathogen detection were 80% and 21.7%. Conclusions Metagenomic NGS analysis can provided fast and precise pathogen detection and identification among children, and WBC and CRP could be used biomarkers of anti-infective efficacy.
A Novel Method for Reducing Overhead of Training Sentiment Analysis Network
Authors: Lei Yuxia , Zhang Linkun , Wang Zhengyan , Kong Zhiqiang , Ma Hanru , Liu Xiuhuan
Published: February 2021

Sentiment analysis based on statistics has rapidly developed in deep-learning. Bilateral attention neural network (BANN), especially Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), has reached high accuracy. However, with the increase of network depth and large-scale corpus, the computational overhead of BANN increases geometrically. How to reduce training corpus scale has correspondingly become an important research focus. This paper proposes a reduced corpus scale method called Concept-BERT, which consists of the following steps: firstly, using Formal Concept Analysis (FCA), Concept-BERT mines the association rules among corpus and reduces corpus attributes, and hence reducing corpus scale; secondly, reduced-corpus is inputed to BERT and the result is obtained; finally, the attention of Concept-BERT is analyzed. Concept-BERT is experimented for sentiment analysis on CoLA, SST-2, Dianping and Blogsenti, and its accuracy reaches 81.1, 92.9, 77.9 and 86.7 respectively. Our experimental results show that the proposed method has the same accuracy as BERT, using low-scale corpus and low overhead, and low-scale corpus doesn't affect model attention.
Whole Genome Selective Sweeps Analysis in Pakistani Kamori Goat
Authors: Saif Rashid , Henkel Jan , Mahmood Tania , Ejaz Aniqa , Zia Saeeda
Published: February 2021

Natural and artificial selection fix certain genomic regions of reduce heterozygosity which is an initial process in breed development. Primary goal of the current study is to identify these genomic selection signatures under positive selection and harbor genes in Pakistani Kamori goat breed. High throughput whole genome pooled-seq of Kamori (n = 12) and Bezoar (n = 8) was carried out. Raw fastq files were undergone quality checks, trimming and mapping process against ARS1 reference followed by calling variant allele frequencies. Selection sweeps were identified by applying pooled heterozygosity (Hp) and Tajima’s D (TD) on Kamori while regions under divergent selection between Kamori & Bezoar were observed by Fixation Index (FST) analysis. Genome sequencing yielded 619,031,812 reads of which, 616,624,284 were successfully mapped. Total 98,574 autosomal selection signals were detected; 32,838 from Hp and 32,868 from each FST & TD statistics. Annotation of the regions with threshold (-ZHp ≥ 5, TD ≤ -2.72 & FST ≤ 0.09) detected 60 candidate genes. The top hits harbor Chr.1, 6, 8 & 21 having genes associated with body weight (GLIS3, ASTE1), coat color (DOCK8, MIPOL1) & body height (SLC25A21). Other significant windows harbor milk production, wool production, immunity, adaptation and reproduction trait related genes. Current finding highlighted the under-selection genomic regions of Kamori breed and likely to be associated with its vested traits and further useful in breed improvement, and may be also propagated to other undefined goat breeds by adopting targeted breeding policies to improve the genetic potential of this valued species.
Acute trauma coagulopathy: prevalence and outcome in trauma patients presenting to the Emergency Department SMBB Trauma Centre, Civil Hospital Karachi.
Authors: Ashraf Fariha , Ibrahim Mohammad Faisal , Feroz Rabia , Wasey Abdul , Arsalan Muhammad , Quraishy Mohammad Saeed
Published: February 2021

PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of Acute Trauma Coagulopathy (ATC) in severely injured patients presenting to the emergency department of SMBB Trauma Centre of Civil Hospital Karachi and to investigate its impact on these patient's outcome. Early recognition using initial coagulation profile (PT/APTT) accompanied by adequate management of ATC and prevention of bleeding may substantially reduce mortality and improve outcomes in severely injured patients in resource limited environments. MATERIAL AND METHODS This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in Surgical unit 4, Dr Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil hospital Karachi from 27 th July 2019 to 28 th January 2020. After approval from institutional review board, 80 patients aged between 14 to 60 years with injury severity score more than 15 were enrolled using non probability consecutive sampling technique and their coagulation profile (PT, APTT and INR) was done at presentation and followed for in hospital mortality. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS 24. RESULTS In our study total 80 patients were enrolled, the mean age of patients was 27.28±12.18. Trauma coagulopathy was present in 12.5% patients. In hospital mortality was found to be 16.3%. The in hospital mortality was compared in patients with coagulopathy and patients without coagulopathy and p value was significant 0.00. Data stratification was significant for age with p value 0.016. Data stratification for gender, mode of injury, mechanism of injury, amount of fluid given at presentation and injury severity score was not significant. CONCLUSION Acute trauma coagulopathy is associated with increased risk of mortality.
The Probability of and Risk Factors for Femoral Neck Shortening and Internal Fixation Failure After Femoral Neck Fracture Treatment Using Cannulated Screws Combined With a Medial Buttress Plate
Authors: Xu Jinglei , Bai Xue , Xu Chenyang , Ma Xianzhong
Published: February 2021

Background: A range of postoperative complications make femoral neck fracture difficult to treat. Femoral neck shortening and internal fixation failure are two most prevalent complications associated with many surgical strategies. This study evaluates the probability of and risk factors for these complications after the treatment of femoral neck fracture using cannulated screws combined with a medial buttress plate.Methods: Data of 70 patients with femoral neck fractures treated using cannulated screws combined with a medial buttress plate in our hospital between March 2016 and March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and 40 patients who were followed up for more than 3 months were enrolled in the study. We evaluated the probability of postoperative femoral neck shortening and internal fixation failure and conducted multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine risk factors.Results: All 40 patients had Garden III/IV or Pauwels II/III fractures. Of these patients, 11 had femoral neck shortening greater than 5 mm and 8 had fracture nonunion or screw cutout requiring reoperation. There were no differences in age, sex, fracture site, Pauwels classification, and reduction quality between the shortening and non-shortening groups; however, there were significant differences in screw quality. Similarly, there were no differences in age, sex, Pauwels classification, reduction quality, and screw quality between the fixation failure and non-failure groups, but there were significant differences in fracture site and shortening. According to the multivariate analyses, screw quality was an independent risk factor for femoral neck shortening (odds ratio [OR]: 8.58; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35–50.57; P=0.022), and femoral neck shortening was an independent risk factor for internal fixation failure (OR: 11.82; 95% CI: 1.66–84.36; P=0.014).Conclusions: Femoral neck fracture treatment using cannulated screws combined with a medial buttress plate led to a femoral neck shortening rate lower than that of other internal fixation methods and an internal fixation failure rate lower than or equivalent to that of other internal fixation methods. The quality of cannulated screws is a risk factor for postoperative shortening of the femoral neck, and femoral neck shortening is a risk factor for postoperative internal fixation failure.
Serum Testosterone Levels Are Positively Associated With Serum Anti-mullerian Hormone Levels in Infertile Women
Authors: Lin Li-Te , Li Chia-Jung , Tsui Kuan-Hao
Published: February 2021

Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and testosterone (T) both play distinct roles in the early stages of folliculogenesis. However, the relationship between serum T and AMH levels is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum T and AMH levels in infertile women. A total of 1,935 infertile women aged 20 to 46 years were included in the cross-sectional study and divided into four quartile groups (Q1 to Q4) based on serum T levels. Compared to the subjects in the highest T quartile (Q4), those in the lowest T quartile (Q1) showed significantly lower AMH levels. After adjustment for age, body weight, body mass index and FSH, increasing T quartile categories were associated with higher AMH levels. Binary logistic regression analyses revealed that the odds for the risk of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) were 11.44-fold higher in Q1 than in Q4 and the odds for the risk of excess ovarian reserve (EOR) were 10.41-fold higher in Q4 than in Q1. Our data show that serum T levels are positively associated with serum AMH levels and suggest that androgen insufficiency may be a potential risk factor for DOR; androgen excess may lead to EOR in infertile women.
Quality of Life and Depression in Patients With End-stage Renal Disease: a Comparison of Renal Replacement Therapy Modalities
Authors: Yang Fei , Yang Zheng , Cheng Lu , Tong Jiayu , Wang Pusheng
Published: February 2021

Purpose. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) face various physical and mental limitations resulting from different renal replacement therapy (RRT) modalities. Renal transplantation (Tx) is considered as the treatment that impacts most on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study aimed to analyze and compare the HRQOL and depression levels of patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) and Tx.Methods. A single-center cross-sectional sample of 112 HD patients, 68 PD patients and 97 Tx patients participated in our questionnaire survey. The HRQOL and depression levels were assessed through the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Mental Health Inventory (MHI-5), respectively. The multiple linear regression model was performed to examine the factors associated with each of the HRQOL scale scores. Results. The SF-36 HRQOL of Tx patients differed significantly from that in HD and PD groups in all eight dimensions and two components (all P<0.001). More than 45% of patients in each group were facing depressive symptoms. HD patients (63.4%) and PD (67.6%) patients were more depressive compared with Tx patients (45.4%, P =0.006). Depression in ESRD patients contributed to a worse quality of life (P<0.001). Patients ranging in age from 31 to 50, having full-time jobs, receiving Tx and without depression were associated with better HRQOL in the domain of Physical Component Scores (PCS). Patients with unemployment, dismissal or being looking for a job, receiving Tx and without depression were associated with better HRQOL in the domain of Mental Component Scores (MCS).Conclusions. Tx patients had better HRQOL and less depressive symptoms than HD and PD patients. Depression was related to an impaired HRQOL, which was common in ESRD patients. The severity of depression in ESRD patients and the effectiveness of Tx on HRQOL improvement need to be underscored.
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection Requiring Emergency Surgery: What Comes First?
Authors: Xi Linyun , Wu Chun , Pan Zhengxia , xiang ming
Published: February 2021

BackgroundTo examine two different methods for treating patients with a total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) who need emergency surgery and to summarize the effects of the two strategies by retrospectively reviewing the data of 54 patients.MethodsA retrospective review of 54 patients with TAPVC who underwent emergency operations between December 2010 and July 2019 at a single institution was conducted. All patients exhibited respiratory and hemodynamic instability that required mechanical ventilation and inotropic support. Forty-four patients received emergency operations within 24 to 72 hours due to stabilization of the patient’s condition. Stable hemodynamics were achieved, and a constant milieu interne was maintained before the operation. These patients comprised the subemergency operation (SEO) group. Rather than being subjected to efforts to obtain stable hemodynamics and maintain a constant milieu interne, ten patients received emergency operations immediately within 24 hours of diagnosis or an emergency operation is performed immediately due to uncorrectable acidosis or progressive cardiovascular collapse. These patients comprised the emergency operation (EO) group. The hospital course, operative data, and outpatient records were reviewed.ResultsThe median weight, median age at surgery, mean cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) duration and mean aortic cross-clamp (ACC) duration were not significantly different between the two groups. The median durations of ventilator support were 8.1±4.6 (2-13) days in the SEO group and 4.9±2.1 (2-18) days in the EO group, resulting in a significant difference (p=0.008). There were 12 operative mortalities (27.3%) in the SEO group and 2 operative mortalities (20%) in the EO group, resulting in no significant difference in mortality (p=0.636). Postoperative complications, such as low cardiac output and arrhythmia, were not significantly different between the two groups. The actuarial survival rates in the EO and SEO groups at 5 years were 87.5% and 89.9%, respectively. There was no difference in actuarial survival between the two groups at the latest follow-up (SEO group 89.9% versus EO group 87.5%, p=0.8115).ConclusionRather than making efforts to achieve stable hemodynamics and maintain a constant milieu interne, an emergency operation should be performed immediately, and some efforts to address metabolic acidosis do not reduce mortality.
Authorized, Clear and Timely Communication of Risk to Guide Public Perception and Action: Lessons of COVID-19 from China
Authors: Gong Ni , Liao Jing , Jin Xiaoyuan , Li Yundong , Zhang Meifen , Cheng Yu , Xu Dong
Published: February 2021

Backgrounds: This study examined the dynamic association between risk communication and public’s risk perception and action across the COVID-19 outbreak timeline in China.Methods: Publicly available information on COVID-19 was collected by Parehub tool for official channels (e.g. government websites and official media), and by Zhongyun Big Data Platform for mainstream Chinese social media (e.g. TikTok, Weibo, etc.). Information was examined by its release channels, content and release time. An online survey was conducted via WeChat across 33 provinces and municipalities of China to assess changes in participants’ risk perception and action against COVID-19. Information content and release-time trajectories were examined against the public’s risk perception and actions over time.Results: Altogether, 1,477 pieces of authorized information and 297,000 pieces of short videos on COVID-19 were retrieved from official channels and social media. Our online survey of 1,311 responds (25-60 years, 42% male) indicated that participants mainly relied on official channels to obtain information. Alongside the progress of the outbreak, there was a gradual rise in information quantity, publishing frequency, and content variation. Correspondingly, the public’s risk perception that “take it seriously" rose from 13% to 80%, 87.1% of who took “multiple actions” compared to 25.9% initially.Conclusions: Our findings indicated that insufficient information freely-accessible at the early stages of the outbreak may nevertheless lead to the lack of risk awareness and inadequate protective actions of the public. Given the current global situation of COVID-19, the study highlights authorized, transparent, and timely two-way risk communication is vital to guide public perception and actions.
Multi-Volume Hemacytometer
Authors: Ravangnam Thunyaporn , Doh Il , Lee Dong Woo
Published: February 2021

Cell counting has become an essential method for monitoring the viability and proliferation of cells. A hemacytometer is the standard device used to measure cell numbers in most laboratories which are typically automated to increase throughput. The principle of both manual and automated hemacytometers is to calculate cell numbers with a fixed volume within a set measurement range (105~106 cells/ml). If the cell concentration of the unknown sample is outside the range of the hemacytometer, the sample must be prepared again by increasing or decreasing the cell concentration. We have developed a new hemacytometer that has a multi-volume chamber with 4 different depths containing different volumes (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 µl respectively). A multi-volume hemacytometer can measure cell concentration with a maximum of 106 cells/ml to a minimum of 5×103 cells/ml. Compared to a typical hemacytometer with a fixed volume of 0.1 µl, the minimum measurable cell concentration of 5×103 cells/ml on the multi-volume hemacytometer is twenty times lower. Additionally, the Multi-Volume Cell Counting model (cell concentration calculation with the slope value of cell number in multi-chambers) showed a wide measurement range (5×103 ~1×106 cells/ml) while reducing total cell counting numbers by 62.5% compared to a large volume (0.8 µl-chamber) hemacytometer.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Diabetic Foot Ulcers Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Authors: Li Wenhui , Wang Xvhong , Fu Changgeng , Fan Weijing , Liu Guobin
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapy for Diabetic foot ulcers.Methods and analysis: The databases of China Science and Technology Journal Database, PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database were searched to find the relevant studies. Keywords included the shockwave therapy, diabetic ulcers and related terms. References identified through the electronic search were screened, the data were extracted, and the methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. The meta-analysis was performed for the following outcomes: closure of diabetic foot ulcers, ulcer healing rate, ulcer healing time, ulcer recurrence rate, pain, Participant health-related quality of life/health score, hospital charges and amputation. Two authors independently screened search results, extracted data and appraised studies using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.Ethics and dissemination: The protocol of this systematic review (SR) does not require ethical approval because it does not involve humans. We will publish this article in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.PROSPERO and INPLASY registration number: CRD42020176959 ; INPLASY2020110001
Synthesis of three novel silane-based carboxylic acids for application in methacrylated epoxy-based oligomers and their ability in the UV curable hybrid coatings
Authors: Naghash Hamid Javaherian , Kolahdoozan Majid , Ranjbar Niloufar
Published: February 2021

In this study, bromoacetic acid was reacted with 3-(mercaptopropyl) trimethoxy silane (MPTS) and trimethoxy silyl propyl thioacetic acid (TSTA) was produced. Also, bromoacetic acid was reacted with 3-(triethoxysilyl) propylamine (APTS), and triethoxysilyl propylamino acetic acid (TSPA) was synthesized. Finally, from a reaction between trimellitic anhydride (TMA) and APTS, trimellitylimidopropyl triethoxysilane (TMIS) resulted. In all reactions mentioned above, a carboxylic acid head and a trialkoxy silane tail including reactants were obtained. Furthermore, hybrid coatings based on methacrylated bisphenol A epoxy (MBAE) and synthesized carboxylic acids were obtained by photopolymerization. Polycarbonate substrates were utilized for preparation of transparent hybrid films. Then, the solvent resistance, hardness, gel content as well as the adhesion of coatings were measured as physical and mechanical properties. According to the obtained results, these properties of hybrid coatings improved with the increase in alkoxysilanes and sol–gel precursor contents. The surface morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that silica particles were not dispersed homogenously at the molecular level in the hybrid system. Also, the thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that alkoxysilanes enhanced the thermal oxidative stability of the hybrid coatings.
Determining Intention, Fast Food Consumption and their Related Factors among University Students by Using a Behavior Change Theory
Authors: Didarloo Alireza , Khalili Surur , Aghapour Ahmad Ali , Mousavi Seyed Mortaza
Published: February 2021

BackgroundToday, with the advancement of science, technology and industry, people's lifestyles such as the pattern of people's food, have changed from traditional foods to fast foods. The aim of this survey was to examine and identify factors influencing intent to use fast foods and behavior of fast food intake among students based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 229 university students. The study sample was selected and entered to the study using stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using a four-part questionnaire including Participants’ characteristics, knowledge, the TPB variables, and fast food consumption behavior. The study data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 16.0) using descriptive statistics (frequencies, Means, and Standard Deviation) and inferential statistics (t-test, Chi-square, correlation coefficient and multiple regressions).ResultsThe monthly frequency of fast food consumption among students was reported 2.7 times. The TPB explained 35%, 23% variance of intent to use fast food and behavior of fast food intake, respectively. Among the TPB variables, knowledge (r=.340, p<0.001) and subjective norm (r=.318, p<0.001) were known as important predictors of intention to consume fast foods - In addition, based on regression analyses, intention (r=.215, p<0.05), perceived behavioral control (r=.205, p<0.05), and knowledge (r=.127, p<0.05) were related to fast food consumption, and these relationships were statistically significant. ConclusionsThe current study showed that the TPB is a good theory in predicting intent to use fast food and the actual behavior. It is supposed that health educators use from the present study results in designing appropriate interventions to improve nutritional status of students.
What are the Complications Associated with Female Genital Mutilation Among Postnatal Women in Chuko Primary Hospital, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia?
Authors: Yosef Yirgalem , Borsamo Abebe , Abeje Seblework
Published: February 2021

Objectives: - To assess female genital mutilation associated birth complications among postnatal women in Chuko Primary Hospital, Sidama National Regional state, Ethiopia, 2020Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Chuko Primary Hospital, Sidama Regional State, Southern Ethiopia from May 1 to June 15, 2020. Two hundred fifty postnatal women were involved in the study. A systematic random sampling technique was used. The data was collected using pretested and structured interviewers administered questionnaire adapted from a validated questionnaire, content validity was checked by experts, and reliability of the scaled tools was tested by Cronbach's alpha test (0.70). Before analysis data was entered and checked using Epi data and exported into Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.00. Bivariate analysis was carried out between the dependent and independent to identify candidate variables for multivariable logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was made to obtain the odds ratio and the confidence interval of statistical associations between Female Genital Mutilation associational Birth complications.Result: Two hundred fifty postnatal women were included in the study. The prevalence of FGM was 76.8% with 95% CI: [71.6- 81.6]. Episiotomy (AOR= 7.25[95% CI: 2.27, 23.2] and prolonged labour (AOR= 2.16[95% CI: 0.03, 0.82] were significantly associated with Female Genital Mutilation.Conclusion and recommendations: The prevalence of female genital mutilation among postnatal women in Chuko Primary Hospital was high. Family members, health and social care professionals have crucial roles in determining FGM and associated birth complication of women. Therefore, Stakeholders who are working on the improvement of maternal and neonatal health during delivery should try to reduce FGM by intervening at the individual level, family and community level to lessen the problem to some extent. Further researches in more detail to fully understand the problems and the findings will be used as inputs for concerned bodies.
Restoring Trust in Healthcare: Information Impact Case Study in Poland
Authors: Goncharuk Anatoliy , Lewandowski Roman , Cirella Giuseppe
Published: February 2021

Background: This study empirically evaluates the influence of information on trust at the physician level, the medical profession, hospitals, and with the payer. Restoring trust in a medical setting appears to be significantly affected due to the coronavirus pandemic. Trust improves results from medical treatment, raises perception of healthcare performance, and smoothens the overall functionality of healthcare systems.Methods: In order to study trust volatility, participants took part in a three-stage experiment designed via: (1) measured level of trust, (2) randomly dividing participants into two groups—control (i.e., re-examination of level of trust) and experimental (i.e., being exposed to a piece of certain manipulative information), and (3) checking whether observational changes were permanent.Results: Results indicate that in the experimental group the increase of trust was noticed in the payer (27.7%, p < 0.001), hospitals (10.9%, p = 0.011), and physicians (decrease of 9.2%, p = 0.036).Conclusions: The study indicated that in Poland information is likely to influence trust in healthcare while social and interpersonal trust levels may be related to increases of trust in hospitals and in the payer versus decreases in physicians.
Fire-resistant cellulose boards from waste newspaper, boric acid salts and protein binders
Authors: Moreno Paalo , Villamizar Nicole , Perez Jefferson , Bayona Angelica , Roman Jesús , Moreno Nicolas , Cardozo Nilo Sergio Medeiros
Published: February 2021

Housing construction consumes more materials than any other economic activity, with a total of 40.6 Gt/year. Boards are placed between construction materials to serve as non-load-bearing partitions. Studies have been performed to find alternatives to conventional materials using recycled fibers, agro-industrial waste, and protein binders as raw materials. Here, fire-resistant cellulose boards with low density and adequate flexural strength were produced for use as non-load-bearing partitions using waste newspapers, soy protein, boric acid, and borax. A central composite design (CCD) was employed to study the influence of the board component percentage on flame retardancy (UL 94 horizontal burning test), density (ASTM D1037-12) and flexural strength (ISO 178–2010). The cellulose boards were characterized by thermal analysis (ASTM E1131-14) and scanning electron microscopy. Fire-resistant cellulose boards were successfully made with low densities (120–170 kg/m3) and flexural strength (0.06–0.64 MPa). The mechanical performance and fire resistance of cellulose boards suggest their suitability for use as building materials. A useful and sustainable construction material with great potential is produced with the valorization of waste materials.
Architecture And Technical Realization Of Operation Analysis System Based On Multidimensional Data Of Power Plant
Authors: Bai Geliang , Zhang Hao , Liu Xiaojia , Wang Baoping , Cao Lixing
Published: February 2021

Flexible analysis and use of multi-source data from power plants to accurately predict system failures and scan potential risks are of great significance for achieving efficient and accurate system operation analysis and decision-making. The article introduces the overall architecture and function design of a system operation analysis system based on massive data and demonstrates the functions and operation analysis results of each module of the system through application examples. The system integrates system data such as plant load information, equipment layout, (automation) electrical equipment control, signal and measurement systems, and relay protection configuration, and uses improved machine learning algorithms and weak point identification methods to expand the correlation analysis of target data. The function of fault risk level prediction and weak point identification is conducive to the power plant operation and maintenance management department to propose corresponding technologies and management methods for operation, maintenance, and repair work, which improves the scientificity and practicability of the existing analysis system. It has laid the foundation for the realization of informatization, intelligence, and lean operation analysis.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Subclinical Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Primary School Children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Kazahura Parvina , Mushi Theophylly L. , Pallangyo Pedro , Janabi Mohamed , Kisenge Rodrick , Albaghdadi Mazen , Majani Naizihijwa , Kija Edward
Published: February 2021

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the most common acquired heart disease occurring in children and adolescents. RHD is associated with significant morbidity and mortality particularly in low and middle- income countries (LMICs) where the burden is estimated to be higher compared to high income countries. Subclinical RHD is the presence of valvular lesion diagnosed by echocardiography in a person with no clinical manifestation of RHD. This study aimed at determining the prevalence, types and factors associated with subclinical RHD among primary school children in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive community-based study which recruited primary school children from February to May 2019. A standardized structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and information related to prior history of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). Anthropometric measurements were taken and chest auscultation and echocardiographic screening were done to all study participants. World Heart Federation echocardiographic classification was used to define the types and prevalence of subclinical RHD. Results: A total of 949 primary school children were enrolled with females being predominant (57.1%). The prevalence of subclinical RHD was 34 per 1000. All the participants had mitral valve disease only whereby 17 had definite disease and 15 had a borderline disease. The associated factors for subclinical RHD were older age of more than 9 years (OR 10.8, 95% CI 1.4-82.2, P=0.02) having three or more episodes of URTI in previous six months (OR 21, 95% CI 9.6-46, P=0.00) and poor hygiene (OR 3, 95% CI 1.3-6.8, P=0.009) Conclusion: Subclinical RHD as detected by echocardiographic screening is prevalent in primary school children, uniformly affects the mitral valve, and is associated with potentially modifiable risk factors. Children with a history of more than three episodes of URTI in six months may represent a particularly high-risk population that should be targeted for RHD.
Assessing the need for resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) for management of non-compressible hemorrhage at a Canadian urban trauma centre
Authors: Purssell Elizabeth , Patrick Sean , Haegert Joseph , Ivkov Vesna , Taylor John
Published: February 2021

Introduction

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is a less invasive alternative to resuscitative thoracotomy (RT) for life threatening, infra-diaphragmatic, non-compressible hemorrhage from trauma. Existing evidence surrounding the efficacy of REBOA is conflicting; nevertheless, expert consensus suggests that REBOA should be considered in select trauma patients. There has been a paucity of studies that evaluate the potential utility of REBOA in the Canadian setting. The study objective was to evaluate the percentage of trauma patients presenting to a Level 1 Canadian trauma centre that would have met criteria for REBOA.
Methods

We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients recorded in the British Columbia Trauma Registry who warranted a trauma team activation (TTA) at our institution. We identified REBOA candidates using pre-defined criteria based on published guidelines. Each TTA case was screened by a reviewer, and then each Potential Candidate was reviewed by a panel of trauma physicians for determination of final candidacy.
Results

Fourteen patients were classified as Likely REBOA Candidates (2.2% of TTAs, median age 46.1 years, 64.3% female). These patients had a median Injury Severity Score of 31.5 (IQR 26.8). The main sources of hemorrhage in these patients were from abdominal injuries (71.4%) and pelvic fractures (42.9%).
Conclusion

The percentage of patients who met criteria for REBOA is similar to that of RTs performed at our Canadian institution. While REBOA would be performed infrequently, it is a less-invasive alternative to RT, which could be a potentially life-saving procedure in a small group of the most severely injured trauma patients.
Abducens nerve palsy with associated retinal involvement secondary to rickettsia typhi infection
Authors: Abderrahim Kaies , Zina Sourour , Khairallah Molka , Amor Hager Ben , Khochtali Sana , Khairallah Moncef
Published: February 2021

Objective: To report a case of abducens nerve palsy with associated retinal involvement due to rickettsia typhi infection Material and methods: A single case report documented with multimodal imagingResults: A 18-year-old woman with a history of high-grade fever was initially diagnosed with typhoid fever and treated with fluoroquinolone. She presented with a 5-day history of diplopia and headaches. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Ocular motility examination showed left lateral gaze restriction. Lancaster test confirmed the presence of left abducens palsy. Fundus examination showed optic disc swelling in both eyes associated with superotemporal retinal hemorrhage and a small retinal infiltrate with retinal hemorrhage in the nasal periphery in the left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orbits showed no abnormalities. A diagnosis of rickettsial disease was suspected and the serologic test for Richettsia Typhi was positive. The patient was treated with doxycycline (100 mg every 12 h) for 15 days with complete recovery of the left lateral rectus motility and resolution of optic disc swelling, retinal hemorrhages, and retinal infiltrate.Conclusion: Rickettsial disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abducens nerve palsy in any patient with unexplained fever from endemic area. Fundus examination may help establish an early diagnosis and to start an appropriate rickettsial treatment.
Adjuvant Hysterectomy Following Primary Chemoradiation for Stage IB2 and IIA2 Cervical Cancer: a Retrospective Comparison of Complications for Open Versus Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors: Miller Heather , Matsuo Koji M , Roman Lynda D , Yessaian Annie A , Pham Huyen Q , Hom Marianne , Castaneda Antonio , Pham Anthony , Ragab Omar , Muderspach Laila , Ciccone Marcia , Brunette Laurie L
Published: February 2021

Background: Adjuvant hysterectomy following chemoradiation for bulky, early stage cervical cancer has been shown to decrease local relapse rate. The objective of this study is to compare complications and recurrences between minimally invasive and open adjuvant hysterectomy for early stage cervical cancer. Methods: Patients were identified who had undergone adjuvant hysterectomy following chemoradiation for 2009 FIGO stage IB2 and IIA2 cervical cancer from August 2006 – June 2018. Demographic information, treatment course, complications, recurrence data were retrospectively extracted from the medical record. Frequency of complications was compared with Fisher exact test or chi-square test as appropriate and inverse probability of treatment propensity score weighting was used to calculate the disease-free survival.Results: Fifty-four patients met inclusion criteria with a median follow up time of 60.4 months. There were 24 (44%) open versus 30 (56%) minimally invasive hysterectomies performed. The overall grade 2 or worse complication rate was 43%. There were 8 (27%) patients with complications in the minimally invasive group compared to 4 (17%) in the open group (OR 1.82 (95% CI 0.5-7.0)). There were 9 vaginal cuff defects, dehiscences and/or fistulas in the minimally invasive group compared to 3 in the open group (OR 3.0 (95% CI 0.8-11.2)). There was no statistically significant difference between disease free survival and overall survival among the two groups, however there was a trend towards decreased disease-free survival in the minimally invasive group.Conclusions: Among women undergoing adjuvant hysterectomy following chemoradiation for bulky, early stage cervical cancer, there was no difference in complication rates between an open or minimally invasive surgical approach. However, the overall complication rate was high, including a high rate of vaginal cuff defect, dehiscence and/or fistulas. Our findings suggest that an adjuvant hysterectomy should be reserved for patients in which chemoradiation is not anticipated to successfully treat the primary tumor and, if performed, an open approach should be considered.