bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mercury and hazard to health of the population of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Authors: Efimova N.V. ,   East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, 12a microdistrict, 3, 665826, Russia, Shinkaruk E.V. ,   Arctic Research Center, Salekhard, Respubliki Str., 73, 629008, Russia, Agbalyan E.V. ,   Arctic Research Center, Salekhard, Respubliki Str., 73, 629008, Russia
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The aim of this study was to assess the mercury hazard to the health of the population in the Arctic zone on the example of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YaNAO). The study included two stages. At the first stage, we assessed the potential risk associated with the mercury intake in the body with local food products and water based on the hazard quotient (HQ). At the second stage, we examined the selected groups of the adult population living over 20 years in the Arctic and analysed the mercury concentrations in biological substrates to identify the dependence of the somatic and neuropsychic disorders on the mercury concentrations. The mean values of mercury intake in the body with food products were 0.001 mg/kg for adults per week, and 0.0015 mg/kg for children. HQ was acceptable and correlated with the mercury concentrations in biological substrates. We identified the risk of low stress resistance (OR=2.4 [1.3-6.2]) in people who had elevated mercury concentrations in their hair. In the risk group, the proportion of the examined people with elevated mercury concentrations in their hair was 46.0%, while in the comparison group it was 38.8%, and the mean concentrations of this toxicant were also higher, 2.51 g/g and 1.69 g/g, respectively. The risks of low self-assessment of health (OR=5.7 [2.1-15.2]) and low stress resistance (OR=3.3 [1.3-8.3]) were typical of people with low neuropsychic adaptation. Therefore, despite the absence of somatic health hazard for the newly arrived population of YaNAO, the people with elevated mercury accumulation showed a decrease in the neuropsychic adaptation, which determines the need to introduce biomonitoring in the medical examination system for the population of the Arctic.
Vector field techniques for the detection of neuronal dynamics in the presence of mercury
Authors: Gradov O.V. ,   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC CP RAS), Kosygina str. 4, Moscow, 119991, Russia
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The role of mercury in the development of various neuropathologies is well known. The biogeochemical cycles of mercury indicate the possibility of its introduction into various organisms (including humans) through the corresponding trophic chains. However, as it turns out from the literature analysis, until recent years, there have been almost no works on the dynamic microscopic study (either in situ or in vivo) of the processes of connectome involution in aquatic organisms (including fishes, marine mammals, etc.) under the action of mercury. In this regard, we attempted to study the dynamics of morphogenesis and breakdown of the emerging connectome under the mercury exposure. A dynamic study of frames with the dynamics of the axonal path search was carried out in a series with an address-time code, on which it is possible to track the vector fields of displacements and reaction-diffusion processes in the cell culture immediately after the introduction of a drop of mercury or a mercury-containing liquid using capillary pipettes. This paper describes the observed effects and the possible mechanisms underlying them.
Automatic monitors for direct continuous mercury measurement in ambient air, hydrocarbon, and industrial gases
Authors: Sholupov S.E. ,   Lumex-marketing LLC, 1 lit. B, Obruchevykh Str, 1-B. St Petersburg, 195220, Russia, Ryzhov V.V. ,   Lumex-marketing LLC, 1 lit. B, Obruchevykh Str, 1-B. St Petersburg, 195220, Russia, Pogarev S.E. ,   Lumex-marketing LLC, 1 lit. B, Obruchevykh Str, 1-B. St Petersburg, 195220, Russia, Mashyanov N.R. ,   Lumex-marketing LLC, 1 lit. B, Obruchevykh Str, 1-B. St Petersburg, 195220, Russia
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Mercury (Hg) has various sources of natural and anthropogenic emissions, can be transferred for a long distance in the atmosphere, and accumulate in deponent media and food chains. Due to its toxicity, mercury is considered a global pollutant. The Minamata Convention on Mercury (Articles 19 and 22) stipulates mercury monitoring to obtain information on the environmental cycle, transport, deposition, transformation, and fate of mercury and mercury compounds in various ecosystems. The developed monitors based on Zeeman atomic absorption spectrometry allow the fully automatic real-time determination of mercury in such different media as ambient air, industrial, and process gases.
Monkeypox among linked heterosexual casual partners in Bayelsa, Nigeria
Authors: Ogoina Dimie , Hendris James Izibewule
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION
The 2022 outbreak of monkeypox (MPX) in the global north has been linked to sexual networks of gay and bisexual men with high-risk behaviours such as multiple sexual partners (MSP) and condomless casual sex (CCS). Studies describing potential transmissions of the monkeypox virus (MPV) via sexual contact among heterosexuals in MPX-endemic countries are lacking. We report the epidemiological and clinical features of seven cases of MPX in Bayelsa State, Nigeria who were linked heterosexual casual partners.

METHODS

We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study between May and August 18th, 2022, among confirmed and probable MPX cases seen at the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital (NDUTH), Bayelsa during the study period. The demographic, clinical, exposure, and sexual history of the patients were documented using a structured data entry form. Case definitions were according to the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control guidelines. 

RESULTS

The seven participants seen during the study period (six laboratory-confirmed and one probable case), were between 21 to 42 years (mean and SD of 31± 8.6 years) of age, four were males, four (57.1%) were single, and all reported MSP (mean and SD of 3± 1.1 sexual partners) and CCS in the prior three months. There were three pairs of linked heterosexual casual partners who developed symptoms two to 14 days (median of 3 days) after their last sexual activity. About 86% reported a distinct febrile prodrome, and a genital rash was the primary lesion in all cases. Three (42.9%) of the seven cases reported potential exposures to the MPV before the appearance of the genital rash. 

CONCLUSION

Our results support sexual transmission of MPV among a few heterosexual casual partners from a state in Nigeria. Further studies are required to determine the extent of sexual transmission of MPX in Nigeria, including the potential of transmission before appearance of genital rash.
Studi Kemampuan Layanan Wudhu Masjid / Mosque Ablution Service Capability Study
Authors: Mafra Ramadisu , Zulfikri Zulfikri , Riduan Riduan
Published: August 2022

It is natural for men whos pray in congregation at mosque, trying to get the primacy of praying in congregation without missing imam's takbiratul ihram, because many good things will be obtained, including freedom from the torments of hell and from hypocrisy. However various restrictive factors, cause many congregations to be left behind in takbiratul ihram, and even become masbuk. One of them is because the queue for ablution caused by number of ablution faucets is not proportional with capacity of congregations that must be served, especially during Friday prayers. This study is important to do in order to know the factual ability of ablution services at mosques in the city of Palembang, as well as comparison with SNI 8135:2015 standards, so that it is expected to be a reference for planning mosque ablution facilities. Data collected using a field survey method at 35 mosques in the Palembang city. Analysis of service estimates using the calculus method, then presented in tables and diagrams as well as narrative descriptions. Results prove that the duration of ablution of 64.2 seconds is significantly valid with a margin of error of 6.39%. Total of 85.71% mosques have an average ablution service capability of 48.24% of the total capacity of the mosque at 15-minute intervals, with an average ratio of 1 faucet : 31 male congregation, or only 43.33% of the number of faucets based on SNI 8153:2015 standard.
Distraksi Visual Eksternal pada Arsitektur: Resiko pada Pengendara dan Mitigasinya
Authors: Kamil Erfan M , Angkasa Zuber , Iskandar Iskandar
Published: August 2022

Arsitektur modern semakin berorientasi okular sehingga menimbulkan distraksi visual bagi masyarakat pengguna jalan di kawasan urban. Tidak mengherankan jika zaman ini disebut sebagai zaman distraksi. Walau begitu, penelitian mengenai distraksi eksternal dari arsitektur pada pengendara kendaraan bermotor masih sangat jarang dilakukan. Hal ini mempersulit para pengambil keputusan untuk membuat pengaturan yang ditopang bukti untuk menghilangkan atau mengurangi distraksi visual yang disebabkan oleh arsitektur pada tata kelola lalu lintas. Makalah ini meninjau literatur yang ada mengenai peran arsitektur dalam distraksi visual dan kemudian menggunakan tinjauan terhadap bangunan-bangunan ikonik dunia untuk mengkarakterisasi pola-pola penanganan distraksi visual. Penelitian ini menemukan tiga metode eliminasi distraksi visual yaitu pengambilan jarak yang jauh sehingga tidak terlihat dari jalan raya, pemakaian topeng visual seperti tembok dan pepohonan, dan desain lantai bawah yang tidak mencolok. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai arsitektur yang ramah pada pengguna jalan dan memberikan landasan bagi pengembangan proposal kebijakan yang diarahkan untuk mereduksi distraksi visual saat berkendara.
Berat bayi lahir rendah dan ASI eksklusif terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita
Authors: Sumiyati Sumiyati
Published: August 2022

Latar belakang: Stunting merupakan kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak balita yang masih menjadi tantangan besar yang dihadapi bangsa Indonesia. Semua pihak berkewajiban memperhatikan tumbuh kembang anak sejak dalam kandungan, masa bayi dan balita. Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui faktor risiko stunting dengan berat badan lahir dan riwayat pemberian Air Susu Ibu. Metode : Desain penelitian  ini case control, populasi balita 24-59 bulan sebanyak 201 anak. Pengambilan sampel sebanyak 67 balita, kelompok kasus 34 balita dan kelompok kontrol 34 balita, teknik pengambilan sampel simple random sampling. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini yaitu berat badan lahir kurang 2.500 gram berisiko 5,760 kali lebih besar mengalami stunting (p=0,021). Balita yang diberikan Air Susu Ibu Eksklusif berisiko 3,429  kali lebih kecil mengalami stunting dibandingkan tidak diberikan Air Susu Ibu (p=0,015). Simpulan: Faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi stunting pada balita yaitu pemberian Air Susu Ibu Eksklusif dibandingkan faktor risiko riwayat berat badan lahir.
Phantom kain sederhana sebagai media pembelajaran asuhan persalinan
Authors: Amalia Riza , Zuhriyatun Fitria , Hapsari Wanodya
Published: August 2022

Latar belakang: Dalam pendidikan kebidanan, media pembelajaran sangat penting dalam membantu mahasiswa untuk menyediakan informasi, mengatasi keterbatasan ruang, waktu dan indera serta membuat proses belajar menjadi lebih menarik dan menyenangkan. Salah satu kompetensi yang wajib dikuasai oleh bidan yaitu Asuhan Persalinan Normal. Masa pandemic covid-19 ketika mahasiswa tidak bisa datang langsung ke laboratorium, dosen dituntut untuk berinovasi dan kreatif dalam membuat media pembelajaran. Adanya media pembelajaran yang menunjang ketika mahasiswa dirumah, akan tetap bisa melatih skill Asuhan persalinan. Tujuan penelitian: menghasilkan inovasi “phantom kain sederhana” sebagai media pembelajaran Asuhan Persalinan Normal pada mahasiswa kebidanan. Metode: Desain Penelitian yaitu Research and Development yang menghasilkan produk berupa phantom kain sederhana dan melakukan penilaian pada media tersebut. Proses pengembangan media dengan membuat bayi berbahan kain, plasenta, tali pusat, serta vulva, selanjutnya diberikan audio tangisan bayi, dan proses uji coba. Hasil: terbentuknya phantom kain sederhana sebagai media pembelajaran Asuhan persalinan. Simpulan: Phantom kain sederhana kevalidannya sebesar 87%, sehingga produk dinyatakan sangat valid dan dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran
Penggunaan metode 5s (swaddling, side, shushing, sucking dan swinging) dalam menurunkan respon nyeri pada bayi
Authors: Wijayanti Dianita , Naimah Naimah , Kusmiwiyati Ari
Published: August 2022

Latar belakang: Nyeri yang tidak segera ditangani akan menimbulkan efek peningkatan irama jantung, pernafasan lebih cepat, dan berdampak pada psikologis anak. Metode Harvey 5S (swaddling, side, shushing, sucking, dan swinging) merupakan perawatan yang meniru keadaan dalam rahim, sehingga meningkatkan rasa nyaman pada bayi. Tujuan: untuk mengidentifikasi tindakan invansif minor pada bayi, penerapan metode 5s dan efektivitas metode 5s dalam menurunkan nyeri secara fisik dan psikologis. Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah Traditional Literature Review yang didapatkan dari 4 database yaitu Pubmed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, dan Wiley dengan langkah awal pencarian dengan memasukkan kata kunci sesuai dengan tema studi literatur dengan terbitan 5 tahun terakhir, kemudian jurnal disaring sesuai dengan tema. Hasil: tindakan invasif yang sering didapat oleh bayi yaitu imunisasi, pengambilan darah, dan Retinopathy of Prematurity. Kelima metode Harvey dapat diterapkan pada bayi yang mendapat tindakan invasif guna menurunkan respon nyeri sehingga meminimalisir dampak psikologis. Teknik yang sering digunakan adalah teknik swaddling dan sucking. Teknik ini membantu untuk menurunkan respon nyeri dan mengurangi dampak psikososial. Kesimpulan: pemberian metode 5S selama dan pasca tindakan invasif efektif dalam menurunkan durasi tangisan dan mendukung perkembangan psikososial anak yaitu rasa percaya dan tidak percaya.
Pengetahuan tentang deteksi dini kanker serviks metode IVA test berhubungan dengan motivasi wanita usia subur melakukan pemeriksaan IVA test
Authors: Susilawati Usi , Andayani Ari , Sundari Sundari
Published: August 2022

Latar belakang: Pemeriksaan inspeksi visual asam asetat (IVA) merupakan salah satu metode deteksi dini kanker serviks yang aman, murah dan mampu laksana. setiap ibu hendaknya termotivasi untuk melakukan IVA test. Pengetahuan dan motivasi masih menjadi salah satu penghambat pada wanita usia subur untuk melakukan deteksi dini kanker serviks. Tujuan penelitian: Menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan tentang deteksi dini kanker serviks metode IVA test dengan motivasi melakukan pemeriksaan IVA test pada  wanita usia subur di Desa Sugihan. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh wanita usia subur di Desa Sugihan sebanyak 865 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sample, besar sampel mengguanakan Quota sampling sejumlah 90 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data meliputi analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi square. ditemukan nilai p value=0,021 (0,05).  Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa WUS yang mempunyai pengetahuan cukup memiliki motivasi baik melakukan pemeriksaan IVA test sebanyak 17 responden (34.69%), dibandingkan WUS yang pengetahuannya baik 16 responden (32.65%) dan kurang sebanyak 16 responden (32.65%). Hasil uji chi square diperoleh nilai p 0,021 (p0,05). Simpulan: terdapat hubungan pengetahuan dengan motivasi mrlskukan pemeriksaan IVA test. Diharapkan pada responden melakukan pemeriksaan deteksi dini kanker serviks dengan melakukan pemeriksaan IVA secara teratur sehingga dapat mendeteksi resiko terjadinya kanker serviks
Hubungan faktor sosiodemografi dengan status gizi pada anak balita
Authors: Hasyim Dzul Istiqomah , Saputri Nurwinda
Published: August 2022

Latar belakang: Status gizi dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal, salah satunya adalah status demografi, yang meliputi jenis kelamin, umur, pendapatan keluarga, pekerjaan ayah,dan tingkat pendidikan ibu. Permasalahan gizi buruk dapat dipengaruhi oleh salah satunya asupan makanan, pola asuh orang tua, dan kebiasaan di tempat tinggal anak. Tujuan penelitian: Diketahuinya faktor sosiodemografi yang berpengaruh terhadap status gizi anak balita Metode: Menggunakan desaign analitik observasional dengan studi cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian sebanyak 162 responden. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 62 responden dengan  menggunakan  teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner dan data berat badan, tinggi badan. Analisis data deskriptif dan uji Chi Square. Hasil: Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan umur p value 0,527 (p0,05), jenis kelamin p value =0,223 (p0,05), tingkat Pendidikan p value =0,920 (p0,05), pekerjaan p value =0,027 (p0,05) dan pendapatan keluarga p value =0,037 (p0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan pekerjaan dan pendapatan keluarga dengan status gizi pada anak balita. Usia anak, jenis kelamin anak dan tingkat pengetahuan ibu tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan.
Luaran persalinan yang terkonfirmasi covid-19 di RSUD Labuang Baji Makassar
Authors: Daswati Daswati , Nisa Endri
Published: August 2022

Latar Belakang: Ibu hamil terkonfirmasi Covid-19 pada tahun 2021 sebanyak 1,6%, bayi lahir mati 1,4%, kematian neonatalal 1,0%, prematuritas 33,7%. Kelompok ibu hamil, bersalin, nifas dan bayi baru lahir merupakan sasaran rentan terhadap infeksi Covid-19 dan risiko meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu dan bayi baru lahir. Tujuan penelitian: untuk mengetahui luaran persalinan ibu terkonfirmasi Covid-19. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian deskriftif. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu bersalin bayi baru lahir pada ibu terkonfirmasi Covid-19 dan pasien dalam pemantauan (PDP) sejak bulan Juli 2020 sampai bulan April 2021 sejumlah 111. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara consecutive sampling dan diperoleh sampel sejumlah 84 sampel. Sedangkan luaran bayi baru lahir diperoleh 88 karena terdapat 4 orang ibu yang melahirkan dengan gemelli. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat. Hasil: persalinan pervaginam sebanyak 7 orang (8,34%), sectio sesarea 77 orang (91,66%), kehamilan berakhir umur kehamilan 37 minggu 8 orang (9,52%), 37-42 minggu 74 orang (88,10%) dan 42 minggu sebanyak 2 orang (2,38%). Sebanyak 4 orang neonatal lahir dengan gemelly sehingga neonatal sebanyak 88 orang dan hasil pemeriksaan swab antigen dinyatakan negative (100%), lahir dengan BB 4000gr 1 orang (1,14%), BB 2500-4000gr 72 orang (81,82%), BB 1000gr-2500gr sebanyak 15 orang (17,04%), terdapat 44 bayi (50%) mengalami asfiksia, kematian neonatal sebanyak 7 orang (8%). Kesimpulan: tidak terdapat kematian ibu yang terkonfirmasi Covid-19 dan PDP dalam proses persalinan serta terdapat kematian neonatal sebanyak 7 orang.
Peningkatan kenyamanan dan early mobilization pada ibu post SC melalui efflurage back massage
Authors: Widayati Dhina , Hayati Farida , Fajarotin Dwi Rori
Published: August 2022

Latar belakang: Ibu Post SC mempunyai permasalahan nyeri akibat luka post sc yang dapat menggangu kenyamanan dan mobilisasi, padahal mobilisasi dini dapat meningkatkan proses penyembuhan luka. Massage merupakan salah satu upaya menurunkan nyeri sehingga kenyamanan meningkat dan diharapakan dapat mempercepat mobilisasi dini. Tujuan: Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh efflurage back massage terhadap tingkat kenyamanan dan early mobilization pada ibu post sc di Rumah Sakit Amelia Pare Kediri. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi eksperimental yang melibatkan 40 responden melalui total sampling. Efflurage back massage sebagai variabel independen, kenyamanan dan early mobilitation sebagai variabel dependen. Data kenyamanan diukur menggunakan kuesioner dan early mobilization dengan lembar observasi. Data dianalisa dengan paired T-Test dengan α 0.05. Hasil: rata – rata early mobilitation kelompok kontrol 6,4 dan peningkatan kenyamanan (mean = 3,85) sedangkan pada kelompok perlakuan rata - rata early mobilitation 11,65 dan peningkatan kenyamanan (mean = 5,32). Nilai P=0,000 menunjukkan effleurage back massage berpengaruh terhadap kenyamanann dan early mobilitation. Simpulan: massage pada punggung klien dapat menstimulasi release hormon endhorphin yang dapat menurunkan nyeri, kenyamanan meningkat dan responden dapat lebih cepat melakukan mobilisasi. Intervensi effleurage back massage dapat digunakan salah satu intervensi untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan dan early mobilization yang berguna untuk mempercepat kesembuhan luka.
Doğu Grubu Ağızlarında Çok Anlamlı Bir Kelime: Hama ve Varyantları
Authors: Baran Burhan
Published: August 2022

Başta internet olmak üzere kitle iletişim araçlarının gelişmesi, ulaşım kolaylığı ve benzeri etkenlerle ağızların karakteristik ses ve şekil özellikleri gittikçe kaybolmaktadır. Ağızlardaki dil özellikleri ve diğer kültürel özelliklerin kayıt altına alınıp gelecek nesillere iletilmesi açısından ağız çalışmalarının önemi artmaktadır.
Bu makalede Türkiye Türkçesi ağızlarından bir grubu teşkil eden doğu grubu ağızlarında çok anlamlı bir kelime olan “hama” üzerinde durulmuştur. “Hama”nın yöresel ses farklılıkları nedeniyle ortaya çıkan “hema, heme, hıma, homa” varyantlarıyla “hama hama” şeklinde ikileme olarak kullanılışı da vardır. Doğu grubu ağızlarında hama ve varyantları yöreden yöreye kullanım sıklığı değişmekle birlikte yoğun olarak kullanılmıştır.
Bu kelimenin ve varyantlarının farklı anlamlarla doğu grubu ağızlarında yer aldığı, bu farklı anlamların “hemen, ama” dışında dizinlerde yer almadığı, verilen anlamların bazı örneklerde metin anlamıyla uyuştuğu çoğu örnekte ise uyuşmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu makalede hama ve varyantlarının cümle içinde on sekiz anlam kazandığı tespit edilmiş, bu anlamlar örnek cümlelerle desteklenmiştir. Bu kelimeler geçtiği cümlelerde zarf veya bağlaç görevini üstlenmişlerdir.
The CEO s Ideal CFO: A Study in Maltese PIEs
Authors: Ellul Lauren , Naudi Gianluca
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The study aims to understand what CEOs (Chief Executive Officers) of Maltese PIEs (Public Interest Entities) expect from their CFOs (Chief Financial Officers). Furthermore, the study seeks to establish whether CFOs are expected to focus solely on finance, or whether they should also participate in strategy and planning. The study aims to identify the factors and skills that lead to a more effective CEO-CFO relationship.
Methodology: The study follows a qualitative approach. Primary data was collected from semi-structured interviews conducted with active and former CEOs and CFOs of Maltese PIEs.
Findings: Despite focusing primarily on their traditional finance roles, CFOs of Maltese PIEs are indeed dedicating a significant amount of time to strategic functions, as expected by CEOs. Strategic functions rank high on the average CFO’s agenda, with organisational transformation, strategic leadership and performance management ranking second, third and fourth, respectively. The research establishes that the strategic and the finance roles complement each other, such that an effective CFO is one who can establish an optimal balance between the two roles. In their CFO, CEOs seek a qualified and experienced person of integrity who is capable of: understanding, supporting and challenging them, complementing their skillset and of leading.
Originality/Value: It is anticipated that this research will give finance professionals, who are increasingly assuming high management positions, a strong insight into a critical relationship they may sometime play a role in.
Аналіз результативності процесів системи управління якістю від вимог зацікавлених сторін до виявлення корінних причин невідповідностей
Authors: Marinina Anna , Stepanenko Sergey
Published: August 2022

This paper notes that the success of a quality management system depends on how effective and efficient the processes carried out under the control of this system will be. In accordance with the requirements of the ISO 9001:2015 standard, one of the main principles of the functioning of a quality management system is the application of a process approach. To date, the process approach is the most progressive; therefore, it is widely used in various fields of activity. It allows you to determine the cause and effect relationships of the occurrence of problems, as well as determine where and when the problem arose and what is the root cause of its occurrence. The choice of performance indicators and criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the processes of the quality management system is the most important step in conducting this work since the results obtained should provide the top management of the enterprise with the most adequate data on the state of functioning of the controlled processes and outline possible ways to improve both the system itself and quality. values created because of each given process. A methodology for analyzing the effectiveness of processes is considered, starting with the definition of the context (business environment) in which the controlled process should be carried out. Having established the external and internal context that can affect the particular process being controlled, it is necessary to identify a set of stakeholder needs from which the risk and opportunity components for performing each process under consideration can be derived. To analyze risks and opportunities, it is proposed to apply a methodology for analyzing the types and consequences of potential defects, known as the FMEA method. Controlled indicators of the process and criteria for their effectiveness are selected based on the most rated needs of stakeholders. In the case when certain indicators of the effectiveness of the process do not satisfy the top management of the enterprise, a search is made for the reasons for the low level of the indicators of effectiveness. The goal is to determine the root cause of the nonconformity to organize work to eliminate it. The analysis is proposed to be carried out using Excel tables. An example of determining the root cause of the inconsistency of the “Aircraft Engine Design” process is given.
Особливості розрахунку та моделювання обтікання несучих та тягових гвинтів літальних апаратів в умовах сильно розрідженої атмосфери
Authors: Kulyk Mykola , Kirchu Fedir , Volianska Larysa , Babichev Ivan , Yehunko Vasyl
Published: August 2022

This article presents the structure of designing and modeling the flow of rotors and pusher propellers in a highly rarefied atmosphere. The aerodynamic characteristics of an airfoil are key factors in determining design accuracy and performance prediction. The blade elements operate at different Reynolds numbers and angles of attack. The blade profile was selected based on an estimate of the lift-to-drag ratio for expected Reynolds numbers under the design conditions. This paper considers the features of the operation of propellers in a highly rarefied atmosphere. When modeling propellers operate in rarefied atmosphere, it is necessary to pay special attention to the choice of a model for the turbulent viscosity of the medium. The greatest difficulties in the design of stratospheric propellers arise when solving the problems of excessive diameter, weight and shape of the blades. To solve this problem, in this paper, it is proposed to use joined double row blades. This approach made it possible to eliminate the aerodynamic shading of the blades and increase their aerodynamic load. The use of double-row blades will provide the necessary rigidity and strength of the blades and will lead to weight reduction. Additionally, due to the double-row design, it becomes possible to reduce the diametrical dimensions of the propeller. An analytical technique for profiling double-row blades has been developed. The proposed approach is based on the joint application of the one-dimensional propeller theory and numerical gas dynamics methods. The one-dimensional theory is used to obtain the original geometric shape of the propeller for given characteristics, and the methods of numerical gas dynamics, which are based on solving the Reynold averages of the Navier-Stokes equations, are used to solve the problems of spatial modeling of the flow and obtain refined propeller characteristics. Considering the design requirements and operational limitations, it is proposed to use propellers with joined double-row blades in conditions of rarefied atmosphere.
Аналіз характеристик турбореактивного двоконтурного двигуна з форсажною камерою згоряння з впорскуванням води на вході до компресора високого тиску
Authors: Ulitenko Yurii , Minenok Maryna , Kravchenko Igor
Published: August 2022

Aircraft capabilities determine the performance of the engine that powers it, and therefore, the creation of the latest high-speed aircraft is directly related to the development level of aircraft engine building. The main requirements for high-speed aircraft engines are an extended operating envelope in terms of speed and flight altitude. Specific thrust and specific impulse increase with each new generation of turbofan engines with afterburner, but the use of high technology leads to a significant increase in engine cost. Simultaneously, the design of existing engines has large reserves for modernization. The water injection system in the turbofan engine with afterburner is one of the available ways to improve the design. Such updated engines will theoretically meet the requirements of high-speed air-craft developers regarding thrust and other key parameters. Simultaneously, communication with the existing types of power plants will remain. This article considers the possibility of expanding the operating envelope and short-term forcing of the turbofan engine with afterburner of classical configuration to flight speeds equal to Mach number 3. This paper studied the effect of water injection at the high-pressure compressor inlet of the turbofan engine with afterburner on its performances. The authors present the results of calculations regarding the effect of water injection at the high-pressure compressor inlet of turbofan engine with afterburner on the parameters of working fluid along the engine duct. The application of the obtained results will improve the thermodynamic efficiency and expand the operating envelope of turbofans engines with afterburner using materials widely applicable in the production of aircraft gas turbine engines in our time, as well as reduce the period of creating competitive engines for high-speed aircraft due to targeted search their rational thermodynamic and constructive-geometric outline.
Вплив форми і розмірів стабілізаторів полум’я камери згорання прямоточного типу на гідравлічні характеристики
Authors: Kozel Dmitry
Published: August 2022

Direct-flow combustion chambers are afterburner combustion chambers, which are used to short-term increase the thrust of a gas turbine engine for takeoff, maneuvering and overcoming the sound barrier by an aircraft and its flight at supersonic speed. Also, direct-flow combustion chambers are used as part of ramjet engines as the main combustion chambers, in which the process of fuel combustion and heat supply to the working fluid is ensured. Because to solve the problem of theoretical study of total pressure losses with local hydraulic resistance of the front device of a direct-flow combustion chamber in the form of a lattice of V-shaped stabilizers, a mathematical model for calculating the value of the local hydraulic resistance coefficient was formed. It was found that the coefficient of local hydraulic resistance of the lattice of V-shaped stabilizers depends on the degree of shading of the flow by stabilizers and the angle at the top of the V-shaped flame stabilizers. An analysis was made of the influence of the size and shape of the flame stabilizers of the front device on the hydraulic characteristics. Because of the analysis, it was found that the coefficient of local hydraulic resistance depends on the angle at the top of the V-shaped stabilizer almost linearly, and the rate of increase in the coefficient of local hydraulic resistance increases as the degree of shading increases. The coefficients of local hydraulic resistance calculated according to the developed mathematical model agree satisfactorily with the experimental data. The use of the developed mathematical model for calculating the coefficient of local hydraulic resistance is possible within the framework of the front device geometric dimensions and the combustion chamber length method selection at the initial stages of designing.
Аналіз впливу способу подачі гарячих газів пристрою запалювача на запуск камери згоряння за допомогою тривимірного комп'ютерного моделювання
Authors: Yevsieiev Serhii
Published: August 2022

This paper presents the results of a numerical simulation of the gas flow in the flame tube of an annular combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine. Numerical simulation was performed in the ANSYS Fluent 2022 R1 computational complex, in which the numerical solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS) was implemented, the dissipation rates were determined using the Enhanced Wall Treatment near-wall function. For numerical simulation problems, a computational polyhedral mesh was built. The purpose of the calculations was to evaluate the effect of the method for supplying igniter hot gases to the start of the combustion chamber. The article does not address the operation of the igniter itself (its ignition, combustion, and the flow in it), but only its main task is the generation of a flame (gas) with a given temperature. All calculations were carried out for two gas temperatures, 800 and 1200 °C, at the outlet of the igniter nozzle, and a temperature of minus 20 °C at the inlet to the combustion chamber. In the calculation model, at the inlet to the igniter nozzle, the gas flow rate was set with a temperature taken from the experiment. When the chamber operates in the region of low temperatures, low velocities and pressures at the inlet, the degree of fuel evaporation and the mixing of its vapors with air have a significant effect. Therefore, with an increase in air flow through the chamber, the limits of flame blow-off expand. With a further increase in air flow, the processes of fuel evaporation and its burnout in the reverse current zone are completed, and flameout is mainly determined only by the temperature in the reverse current zone, and the boundaries of stable combustion narrow with increasing flow rate, which is typical for combusting a homogeneous mixture. The calculations found that the penetration and spread of heat when using igniter nozzles with a large diameter (12 mm) in the outlet section are higher than those in holes with a smaller diameter (8 mm). In the variants where the supply of hot gases is in the plane of the nozzle, a better distribution of heat in the zone of reverse currents is shown than where the supply of hot gases is carried out between the nozzles. Also, to analyze the results of the calculation, a criterion was proposed that shows the optimal conditions for the ignition of the mixture.
Математичне моделювання процесів в дизель-газотурбінних енергетичних комплексах з термохімічною обробкою палива
Authors: Cherednichenko Oleksandr , Tkach Mykhaylo , Mytrofanov Oleksandr , Kostenko Dmytro
Published: August 2022

This paper discussed the methodological aspects of the study using methods of mathematical modeling of processes in ship power plants with thermochemical fuel treatment. The results of the study of physical and chemical processes in structural and functional blocks, simulating individual links of the thermodynamic cycle, are considered. The combination of blocks with links in the form of material and energy flows makes it possible to model the complete scheme of the mathematical model of the power module. Due to the diversity and complexity of the processes in the combined diesel-gas turbine power complex with a thermochemical fuel treatment system, when modeling, the characteristics of the power equipment were determined separately, followed by merging the results obtained and combining the models with links in the form of material and energy flows. Mathematical models of a gas turbine engine, a recycling circuit, a thermochemical fuel treatment unit were created using the Aspen Plus physical and chemical processes modeling system. Working processes in the internal combustion engine were modeled using the CHEMKIN software package. It has been proven that the universal mathematical models of heat engines, which are part of the power module with thermochemical fuel treatment, require adjustment of the selected basic characteristics. Therefore, mathematical models of structural-functional blocks and groups of blocks contain algorithms for setting up models when they are verified by objective functions. The proposed algorithms provide verification of the developed mathematical models in terms of existing or prospective gas turbine engines and internal combustion engines. These algorithms provide the possibility of correct adjustment of the equipment parameters of diesel-gas turbine power complexes with thermochemical fuel treatment. The mathematical model of the internal combustion engine operating cycle based on the CHEMKIN software package provides an opportunity to conduct a primary assessment of the efficiency of energy conversion in the working cylinder. The results of evaluating the adequacy of the mathematical model of the ICE operating cycle based on the CHEMKIN software package showed a satisfactory agreement between the obtained results and experimental data. The maximum root-mean-square error of the calculated data obtained on the basis of the model is within 8.5%.
Експериментальні дослідження термоакустичних двигунів з двофазним робочим тілом
Authors: Korobko Volodymyr , Shevtsov Anatoliy
Published: August 2022

A distinguishing feature of these days is the general tendency to decrease the temperature level of the waste heat of engines for power plants in industry, transport, and energy. These circumstances complicate the usage of traditional energy-saving technologies designed to transform this heat into mechanical work. Given the lack of effective technologies, large volumes of such heat emissions are lost. As an example, we can consider ship power engineering. On ships that are equipped with dual-fuel medium and low-speed engines, the thermal emissions of the cooling systems have a temperature of 355…365 K. Given the small exegetical potential, the use of such low-temperature waste energy sources by any heat engines is a difficult problem. Therefore, the task of improving existing energy-saving technologies or developing new ones remains relevant. Thermoacoustic technologies can be useful in solving this problem. A significant advantage of thermoacoustic heat machines is the ability to use any external heat source, in this case low-temperature sources, and produce mechanical work. There are known cases of thermoacoustic oscillations at small temperature differences between heat sources under conditions of high humidity of the working environment. This phenomenon can be used to create low-temperature energy-saving systems based on thermoacoustic engines (TAE) with a wet two-phase working environment. The practical use of thermoacoustic systems as part of ship power plants requires additional research to solve low-level issues, in particular, increasing the specific power of the TAE. This work provides a description of the experimental equipment, design of experimental TAE with a wet working body and research methods. The results of the experiments showed that in experimental TAEs with a two-component (moist) working environment, the temperature of spontaneous thermoacoustic oscillations was 355…359 K, while the longitudinal temperature gradient in the matrix was 1.19…1.30 K/m. The specific power of TAE with a moist environment increased by 1.7…7 times, and the acoustic pressure increased by 2…4.7 times compared to the operation in dry air. It is shown that in the existing TAEs, the condensation of water vapor in the ceramic matrix and on the surfaces of the heat exchangers can lead to a loss of power, roughly up to 25 %, while maintaining the operational capacity.
Дослідження фазоутворення після дифузійного зварювання у вакуумі з’єднання нікель-ніобій
Authors: Sanin Anatoliy , Mamchur Igor , Mamchur Stella
Published: August 2022

Diffusion welding is the ideal solution for joining dissimilar materials. This method is particularly effective if you should get a strong monolithic joint without the formation of a rough weld or solder seam. It is used if it is impossible to use standard fasteners. The main scope of this type of welding is the area of high technologies - aviation, space and other types of heavy engineering. All the advantages make the process indispensable under certain conditions and classify it as a high-tech type. This paper considers compounds of dissimilar metals nickel-niobium. In connection with the formation of many intermetallic compounds between these metals, the technology of diffusion welding in a vacuum was chosen. This method allows you to connect materials without melting due to the mutual diffusion of the components. The welding parameters affect the phase formation of the diffusion zone. To study the phase composition, a method of microstructural, X-ray microanalysis, as well as a state diagram of nickel-niobium, is proposed. When studying the weldability of the nickel-niobium system, samples were made in the form of a cube with a side of 10 mm, which was clamped in a mandrel and filled with Wood's alloy. The samples were not subjected to digestion, since during the polishing process, due to the different hardness of the phases, the structure turned out to be thermal polishing. The proposed scheme made it possible to study in detail the phase composition of individual layers of the diffusion zone, their dimensions and dependence on welding parameters. According to the results of quantitative X-ray microanalysis, we did not obtain accurate data on the phase composition and extent of diffuse layers. Qualitative X-ray spectral microanalysis, which was carried out by continuous scanning with an electron probe through the diffuse zone, made it possible to fix the phase reflections on the concentration curves and to determine the extent of the diffusion layers. For a more visual representation of the arrangement of the phases, a combined nickel-niobium diagram with a concentration curve is considered. The studies carried out made it possible to obtain a high-quality joint with mechanical properties that ensure reliability under operating conditions.
Вплив імпульсних рульових двигунів на динаміку твердопаливної ракети
Authors: Filipkovsky Sergey , Filipkovskaja Larisa
Published: August 2022

The object of this study is a rocket with a solid propellant engine launched from a vehicle launcher. The current work studies the oscillations of a rocket airframe in flight under the influence of impulses of the steering motors and the effectiveness of flight control along the trajectory by the steering motors located in the head of the solid rocket. Analytical and numerical methods for determining the frequencies of free vibrations of a rigid body and analytical methods for integrating differential equations of motion are applied. A mathematical model of rocket flexural oscillations has been constructed. Methods for determining the modes and frequencies of natural oscillations have been analyzed. Three lower frequencies and modes of natural oscillations of the rocket were calculated. The discrepancy between the results of the calculation by the computer program and the analytical calculation of the first approximation is 3%. The calculation of oscillations of a rocket with a caliber of 30 mm and a length of 7655 mm showed that torsional and longitudinal oscillations have relatively high frequencies and have little effect on the stability and controllability of the rocket flight. The vibrations of the rocket airframe, which has a gas-dynamic flight control system with the help of rudders and a gas-jet one with the help of steering engines, are studied. Steering motors are small-sized disposable solid propellant motors, which are located in five rows around the perimeter of the rocket airframe at the head. Methods for calculating the forced oscillations of a rocket during the operation of steering engines have been developed. Under the action of the control pulse, transverse oscillations of the rocket airframe y are excited and simultaneously, the rocket rotates as a solid body around the center of mass. Airframe oscillations quickly decay, and rotation changes the pitch or slip angle. To stop the rotation and leave some required angle of inclination or azimuth of the trajectory, a second impulse of force must be given by the steering motor mounted on the opposite side of the hull. The dependence of the change in pitch and slip angles on the duration of time intervals between control pulses was studied. The analysis of the dependence obtained shows that, although the weight of the fuel charge is approximately half the weight of the rocket, the controllability by the steering engines is equally effective at any fuel consumption.
Test problem of the flow modeling in axial compressor cascades
Authors: Denisyuk Olesya , Balalaiev Anton , Balalaieva Kateryna
Published: August 2022

The flow of gas in the flow path of a gas turbine engine (GTE) is accompanied by a rather complex phenomenon. These are a three-dimensional boundary layer, an incoming vortex, a paired vortex, flow turbulence, aerodynamic wakes behind the trailing edge, separation of the boundary layer from the blade surface, pressure pulsations, uneven and unsteady flow, secondary overflows, changes in the angles of flow exit, etc. Flow R&D of a GTE remains a rather complex process, and requires the use of reliable research methods and techniques. Nowadays, two known methods are used to study a gas flow through the flow path of a GTE ˗ experimental and calculated. Calculated, in turn, can be divided into analytical and numerical. An important stage of the numerical experiment is the solution to test problems for the possibility of setting the parameters of the numerical experiment. In this work, two test tasks were carried out. The object of the research was two compressor cascades, consisting of the identical airfoils series KR-33. The profile chord was 52 mm; the pitch cascade was 52 mm. The difference was in the installation angle of these profiles: variant 1 of the compressor cascade has an installation angle of 63.5º; variant 2 of the compressor cascade has an installation angle of 89.5º. A computational domain was constructed for each compressor cascades of airfoils and consisted of 5 million cells. Air under normal atmospheric conditions was chosen as the working fluid. The flow regime of compressor cascades varied in the range of coefficient λ = 0.26…0.9 and λ = 0.265…0.8, where the coefficient λ is the reduced velocity. The unstructured mesh method with an adaptation for the boundary layer was chosen to construct the computational mesh. Such a combination makes it possible to correctly model the flow in the boundary layer near the walls. The turbulence model SST was taken to close the Navier-Stokes equations. A comparison of the results of numerical and physical experiments for two variants of compressor cascades shows that the flow simulation error is less than 5%. Because of the calculation, the choice of this turbulence model for subsequent studies of the flow in the stages of the compressor, fan, and propfan will be justified.