bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constraining z ≲ 2 ultraviolet emission with the upcoming ULTRASAT satellite
Authors: Libanore Sarah , Kovetz Ely D.
Published: May 2024

Context. The extragalactic background light (EBL) carries a huge astrophysical and cosmological content. Its frequency spectrum and redshift evolution are determined by the integrated emission of unresolved sources, with these being galaxies, active galactic nuclei, or more exotic components. The near-UV region of the EBL spectrum is currently not well constrained, yet a significant improvement can be expected thanks to the soon-to-be launched Ultraviolet Transient Astronomy Satellite (ULTRASAT). Intended to study transient events in the 2300–2900 Å observed band, this detector will provide wide field maps tracing the UV intensity fluctuations at the largest scales.

Aims. In this paper, we suggest how to exploit the ULTRASAT full-sky map as well as its low-cadence survey in order to reconstruct the redshift evolution of the UV-EBL volume emissivity. We build upon the work of Chiang et al. (2019, ApJ, 870, 120), who used the clustering-based redshift (CBR) technique to study diffuse light maps from GALEX. Their results showed the capability of the cross correlation between GALEX and SDSS spectroscopic catalogs in constraining UV emissivity, highlighting how CBR is sensitive only to extragalactic emissions, avoiding foregrounds and Galactic contributions.

Methods. In our analysis, we introduce a framework to forecast the CBR constraining power when applied to ULTRASAT and GALEX in cross correlation with the five-year DESI spectroscopic survey.

Results. We show that these will yield a strong improvement in the measurement of the UV-EBL volume emissivity. For λ = 1500 Å non-ionizing continuum below z ∼ 2, we forecast a 1σ uncertainty ≲26% (9%) with conservative (optimistic) bias priors using the ULTRASAT full-sky map. Similar constraints can be obtained from its low-cadence survey, which will provide a smaller but deeper map. Finally, we discuss how these results will foster our understanding of UV-EBL models.
Rocket stoves for marine trash utilization (Preliminary concept of K or L and T form)
Authors: Hestirianoto Totok , Irzaman Irzaman , Pujiyati Sri , Solikin Steven
Published: May 2024

Two types of Rocket-stoves had been built and developed, the type L or K and the type T. Both types had been made to consume the woods from the washed materials in the river bank of estuary. The two types had worked very well, the first one, the L or K type had only one intake of oxygen. Meanwhile the second one or T type had two oxygen intakes. Second attempt as a result of the first stove of the rocket stove. The L or K model was made of 7x7 cm steel material. It was a square tubular steel pipe. The leg of “L” or “K” shape was made of 30 cm long tubular steel. The base was pipe the oxygen intake, and the upright pipe was the exhaust or the heat outlet, and the rest was wooden intake. Meanwhile the “T” model was made of 3 inches metal circular with 60 cm long and 15 cm height. The 15 cm long pipe was erected in the middle of 60 cm long pipe. The 60 cm long pipe or horizontal pipe was the port for fresh air, the 15 cm for the heat or burned coal.
Characteristics of bioactive components in fermented Sargassum and Ulva Seaweed using SCOBY as potential anti-diabetic candidates
Authors: Hardiningtyas Safrina Dyah , Jauharah Nafisyah , Tarman Kustiariyah
Published: May 2024

Sargassum and Ulva are abundant seaweeds in Indonesia, renowned for their bioactive compounds with diverse biological activities, including anti-diabetic properties. However, the full utilization of these seaweeds, particularly in the form of functional beverages, has not been achieved. Fermentation using Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY) presents a promising method for producing functional seaweed beverages. This study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of Sargassum sp. and Ulva sp., assess their anti-diabetic properties, and investigate the effects of fermentation with SCOBY on their bioactive profile. Hot water extracts of Sargassum sp., Ulva sp., and a combination of both were fermented with SCOBY for 8 days at room temperature. The results revealed that Sargassum sp. contains hydroquinone phenols, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, and saponins, whereas Ulva sp. contains hydroquinone phenols, steroids, and saponins. The combined seaweed extracts exhibited a higher total phenolic content (69.63 ppm) and demonstrated stronger anti-diabetic activity, with a low IC50 value for alpha-amylase inhibition (4.04±0.09 ppm). LC/MS profiling of extracts and fermented combinations highlighted differences attributed to SCOBY fermentation, suggesting the potential for enhanced anti-diabetic activity.
Geochemical partitioning of Cu and Zn in Pelabuhanratu Bay sediment
Authors: Prartono Tri , Natih Nyoman Metta Nyanakumara , Atmadipoera Agus Saleh , Susanti Santi , Afifah Rifdina , Yolanda Dewi Septiani , Lestari
Published: May 2024

Activities such as fishing ports and power plants on the coast of Pelabuhanratu Bay have recently developed and hence, their input of metal-containing waste may influence the seawater quality of the bay as the fishing grounds. This study aimed to determine the potential sources (i.e., anthropogenic and natural) and pollution status in sediments. Sediment samples were collected once at 10 stations in the bay using a Van Veen grab. The geochemical partitioning of non-residual and residual phases of metals was used to assess the anthropogenic and natural sources, respectively. The status of metal contamination was evaluated by determining the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), and pollution load index (PLI). Generally, Cu was dominant in residual fractions ranging 62.79-81.24%, while Zn ranged 39.56-66.02%. This suggests that Cu and Zn in Pelabuhanratu Bay are naturally sourced. Furthermore, the average geo-accumulation index of Cu was categorized as unpolluted (-0.86), and Zn was lightly polluted (0.87). The CF of Cu indicates the uncontaminated category (0.85), whereas Zn indicates a moderate contamination category (CF = 1.54). The pollution level (PLI) in Pelabuhanratu Bay is generally lightly polluted (PLI 1,135).
Analysis of coastline extraction indices using Sentinel-2 and Google Earth Engine, case study in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Hastuti Amandangi Wahyuning , Ismail Neira Purwanty , Nagai Masahiko
Published: May 2024

Coastal zone is the most dynamic environment and requires regular monitoring to maintain sustainable coastal resource management. Employing remote sensing technology to monitor changes involves an essential process referred to as coastline extraction. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of five commonly employed techniques for coastline extraction: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), Water Ratio Index (WRI), and Automated Water Extraction Index (AWEI). These methods are evaluated by automatically delineating sandy beaches and coastlines using highresolution imagery from the Sentinel-2 satellite for Bali, Indonesia. The Otsu algorithm is utilized to determine the optimal threshold value. Compared to the other indices, the results indicate that MNDWI proved to be the most effective in highlighting water bodies, with the average distance from the validated point of MNDWI being 12.9 m and a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 7.11, whereas NDVI demonstrated a high level of proficiency in detecting coastal vegetation. This study highlights the potential of utilizing both Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform for efficient coastline monitoring. This study also provides scientific evidence supporting the reliability and accuracy of coastline extraction through spectral water indices.
Potential of antagonistic activity from associated bacteria from healthy and bleachingacroporacorals of Blitar Waters, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Azizah Disya Shafa , Ismet Meutia Samira , Cakasana Nadya
Published: May 2024

Global warming leads to high coral bleaching phenomena in marine ecosystems. The bleach condition of corals can cause a disease that is enhanced by opportunistic or pathogenic microorganisms. This research aimed to investigate the antagonistic interactions between healthy and bleached coral-associated bacteria. Isolation of coral-associated bacteria was carried out using the spread plate method in half-strength Zobell 2216E medium. Antagonistic activity was observed using a double-layer method, with each layer of medium inoculated with healthy or bleached coral-associated bacteria. The interactions between healthy and bleached coral isolates were analyzed using correspondence analysis. Twenty healthy and 11 bleached coral isolates were found in the six coral samples. Approximately 14 bacterial isolates from healthy corals demonstrated antagonistic (inhibitory) activity against 11 bacterial isolates from bleaching coral samples, with isolate AcD.14 from bleached coral, inhibited by 57.14% of the active isolates from healthy corals. Correspondence analysis resulted in isolate AcD.16, a bleaching coral bacterium with sufficient pathogenicity to elicit an antagonistic response from healthy coral bacteria. This study showed that there is high potential for finding bio-control agents for coral diseases using their natural microbiomes from healthy corals.
Literature review: Substance and infectious disease surveillance from wastewater-based epidemiology
Authors: Xi Liulin , Wang Ce , Li Tao
Published: May 2024

As the scale of illicit drug abuse and the expansion of pandemic diseases increase, traditional epidemiological surveillance methods are unable to meet the demand of massive real-time observations. The promising approach of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) as an effective supplement to traditional surveillance methods relates domestic wastewater to the information of the population within a determined sewer collection area, as its advantages of non-privacy, low-cost and high-efficiency. Resorting to detection and analysis of wastewater samples, the consumption and dispersion of an epidemic substance in a community can be inverse-calculated in an easy way. This review introduces the origin and development of WBE to emerge the great potential of WBE in applications, and recommends basic procedures and calculation methods. Then we focus on its role in monitoring the consumption of some substances (e.g., tobacco, alcohol, sedative narcotic drugs, illicit psychotropic drugs, and synthetic chemicals) and its forewarning signal in epidemic, and finally provides insight into challenges and prospectives.
Nitrous Oxide Generation, Influencing Factors and Emission Reduction in Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic Process Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors: Huang Songqing , Liu Xiuhong
Published: May 2024

To achieve the reduction of emissions and control of non-CO2 greenhouse gases in municipal wastewater treatment plants, this study conducted a one-year monitoring of N2O in the A2O process of a large municipal wastewater treatment plant in Beijing. N2O released from the water surface of the A2O process was collected by using a gas flux chamber, and the key influencing factors affecting N2O were analysed using statistics. The results showed that N2O was not easy to be released under non-aerated conditions, and the aerobic zone was its main emission area. Temperature leads to high N2O emissions in winter and low in summer. Correlation analyses showed that NO2-N is one of the most critical factors affecting N2O production, and its accumulation level directly affects the amount of N2O produced in the system. DO also has a great influence on the production of N2O, and the amount of N2O produced decreases with the increase of the DO concentration, and the effect on the enzyme activity also makes the pH have a significant effect on the production of N2O.
Stormwater Runoff Control and Water Resource Utilization Technology of Central China Normal University Based on Stormwater Flood Management Modeling
Authors: Cheng Xue , Huang Mengjie , Li Meihan , Wu Zixin , Cheng Jia
Published: May 2024

In recent years, more and more prominent urban flooding problems on campus drainage system planning and design put forward higher requirements. Sudden rainfall can have multiple negative impacts on campuses, but it is also an excellent opportunity to utilize rainwater resources. At present, the peak flow rate of urban drainage system in China is still mainly calculated by the inference formula method, and the design return period of municipal drainage system is also low, which may lead to campus flooding in case of large rainstorms. In this paper, using the Stormwater Flood Management Model (SWMM) as a platform, the Central China Normal University (CCNU) was selected to simulate the summer stormwater runoff process, and three different combinations of low-impact development (LID) facilities were applied to the campus stormwater runoff control, and the control effects of the different combinations on the flood peak flow abatement were compared. The results show that the selected LID deployment scheme is better than the single facility control effect. Finally, based on the results of the study, a technical solution for rainwater collection and reuse based on sponge campus was proposed to renovate and design the campus landscape of Central China Normal University. The economic, social and environmental benefits are significant and can provide a reference for rainwater collection on other campuses.
Fluid-Solid Interaction Analysis of a Flow Passing Cylinder Based on Variational Mode Decomposition
Authors: Zuo Yaju , Fang Mingkun , Zhu Di , Lu Jiahao , Tao Ran
Published: May 2024

The fluid-structure interaction problem of cylindrical flow around the cylinder is a classic problem, especially in many fields such as energy engineering, fluid dynamics, engineering structure, energy utilization and development, and environmental protection. In this article, we have heard about the simplified model and analyzed it with the help of the classical cylindrical flow model. In this paper, the flow field was pre-processed on the Workbench software platform, and the pressure distribution and eddy current phenomenon were observed by post-processing given the velocity of the flow field of 1m/s. There is a large number of thunder (2.799552×106) and the Carmen Vortex appears around the cylinder. The vortex falls off periodically, and the wake structure is relatively irregular. The maximum pressure appears at the bottom of the cylinder and the maximum deformation at the top. Then, the pressure term of the simulation results was transferred to the Ansys solver for finite element structural analysis to observe the stresses and strains of the structure under the action of fluids. Finally, the response signal is based on Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD). Its periodic signal corresponded to the flow field, and its components were analyzed in detail. The application of VMD in this area provides innovative inspiration for related fields.
Research progress in separation of low concentration coalbed methane by hydrate method
Authors: Miao Xiaokun , Wang Xuetao , Ding Kun
Published: May 2024

The recovery of methane from low concentration coalbed methane can improve the utilization rate of coalbed methane, reduce the environmental pollution caused by gas emissions, and achieve the role of energy saving and emission reduction. In this paper, the recent research progress in hydrate separation of low concentration coalbed methane is analyzed, and the effects of thermodynamic promoters, kinetic promoters and mechanical strengthening are summarized respectively. Through the analysis, it is found that the effect of promoters needs to be further studied, and the appropriate promoters should be selected to find an effective way to promote the rapid synthesis of hydrate and help to promote the technical research on the separation and purification of low concentration coalbed methane by hydrate method.
A Study on the Response of Surface Water and Groundwater Interaction to River Runoff in the Taoer River Alluvial Fan
Authors: Meng Fanao , Shao Wenbin
Published: May 2024

Understanding the transformation mechanisms of surface water and groundwater positively impacts the rational utilization of water resources and the more scientific allocation of their uses. Many factors affect surface water and groundwater interaction (SGWI), among which river runoff is the most critical variable. Studying the response mechanism of SGWI under changes in river channel volume can help understand the essence of SGWI. Using the Taoer River alluvial fan as the research area, daily runoff data from hydrological stations in the study area from January to March 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, and 2011 were collected. The daily SGWI was calculated using the water balance and flow speed difference methods. The results show that river runoff is the main factor controlling the SGWI, and the interaction quantity (IQ) is more stable when the IQ is relatively small.
Study on the Damage of Permafrost to Tower Foundations in Permafrost Regions
Authors: Wang Xiaoqing , Qin Haodong , Liao Yuqin , Yang Yueguang , Zhou Jiayi , Huang Junlan , Nie Pei , Lu Hailiang
Published: May 2024

The tower foundation is an important component of the tower grounding device. The conditions in permafrost areas are relatively harsh, and damage to the foundation can affect the grounding performance of the grounding device. However, the damage characteristics of permafrost to the tower foundation in permafrost areas are not yet clear, and effective protection of the foundation cannot be achieved. Based on this, this article constructs a simulated frozen soil experimental platform through experiments, replacing the tower foundation with concrete specimens. The electrical and mechanical properties after freeze-thaw were measured using the quadrupole method and resonance method, respectively. The self performance of the tower foundation under different moisture content freeze-thaw conditions was studied, and the performance change law of the tower foundation after freeze-thaw was obtained to explore the damage of frozen soil to the tower foundation in frozen soil areas. It can be considered that the frozen soil in permafrost areas does not cause significant damage to the tower foundation itself in a limited number of years.
Mechanisms of interaction between microplastics and microorganisms in the environment
Authors: Li Beibei , Kou Rui , Ren Yi
Published: May 2024

As an emerging pollutant, microplastics (MPs) exist widely in the environment and have a certain degree of negative impact on microorganisms, plants, animals, and even the human body. This review summarizes the sources, distribution, and potential hazards of MPs, focusing on a particular emphasis on how MPs influence microorganisms individually and in intergroups, as well as the pathways and methods of microbial degradation in the environment. On this basis, future research directions on MPs and microorganisms are proposed so as to better understand the environmental behavior of MPs and carry out ecological risk assessment.
Exploration of the European agrivoltaics landscape in the context of global climate change
Authors: Li Haoran , Sun Sijie
Published: May 2024

To combat growing climate change and energy shortages, the development of sustainable energy sources as an alternative to fossil fuels has become an important option for Europe. Agrivoltaics have been successfully built in some countries, showing a wide range of application prospects. In this paper, the advantages and limitations as well as the impacts of agrivoltaics are studied and summarized through survey method, case study method, literature research method and descriptive research method, and the suitability of agrivoltaics for the EU region is studied and explored. The results show that agrivoltaics can maintain or improve the ecology to solve the energy problem and achieve economic benefits. Our results provide a reference for the exploration of the European agrivoltaics landscape in the context of global climate change.
A refined measurement method of highway truck carbon emissions in the context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality --Take G30 Yandun Toll Station as an Example
Authors: Gao Yansen , Sun Zepeng , Dai Xiaomin , Lin Qiang , Song Liang
Published: May 2024

This study uses two different carbon emission factor methods to analyze the differences in carbon emissions from trucks under different types and times. The analysis is based on the Xinjiang Expressway Database and other data, with the G30 Yandun Toll Station as an example. The study aims to provide insight into the environmental impact of trucking and inform future policy decisions. The study indicates that heavy-duty trucks are responsible for 90% and 97% of the total carbon emissions from all trucks, respectively. The number of vehicles and the type of trucks are the main factors contributing to these emissions. Additionally, the second quarter shows the highest carbon emissions, while the first quarter exhibits the most considerable difference between the results of the two methods. In March, carbon emissions were at their highest. Additionally, the fuel consumption of trucks with GVW ⩾ 31000kg was the highest, with a significant difference between the results of the two methods. It is worth noting that the fuel consumption of trucks with GVW ⩾ 31000kg was also measured. This study provides data to support the implementation of policies related to transportation carbon emissions in Xinjiang. The paper is significant for promoting green travel.
Quantitative analysis of heavy metals in soil by X-ray fluorescence: Fusion, intelligentization and Nonstandard-sample calculation
Authors: Ke Ziyi , Yin Liang
Published: May 2024

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of heavy metal elements in soil by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) has received widespread attention and research from scholars as an important method for assessing environmental pollution. As a detection sample for multi-component systems, the study of matrix correction has always been the key to XRF data analysis for geological samples. In this study, we reviewed the calculation and analysis methods of XRF data used for geological samples since the Sherman equation was proposed, and divided the development of XRF data processing for soil samples into three stages based on the changes in the matrix correction methods used. By reviewing the processing ideas from past research, this paper summarizes the process of quantitative analysis of geological samples into seven stages and reviews the commonly used methods for each stage. Due to limitations in instrument and standard sample costs, as well as methodological constraints, geological samples currently face three challenges: a shortage of standard samples, insufficient generalization ability of established models, and large measurement errors in low-content element determination. With the further cross-penetration of multiple fields and disciplines and the summary of past research trends, we propose three research trends that may break through these limitations: fusion, intelligentization, and nonstandard-sample calculation. We also discuss the technical solutions related to these three research trends. We extensively discussed the feasibility and advantages of using spectral co-use, knowledge engineering, and adversarial data augmentation techniques to address problems. Our review provides insights into the XRF spectral data processing methods and frameworks for evaluating geological samples, and provides technical solutions to address the current challenges faced by XRF analysis of geological samples.
Preliminary Study on the Application of Heat Pipe Reactor in Unmanned Underwater Vehicles
Authors: Zhao Jiajun , Chen Yuqing , Sheng Dongjie , Mao Zhangliang , Liu Pengfei
Published: May 2024

At the beginning of the 21st century, due to the re-proposal of the United States space exploration program, heat pipe reactors once again received widespread attention from researchers. With their long lifespan, high energy density, and inherent safety features, they exhibit promising prospects for application in space nuclear reactors, land-based mobile nuclear power sources, and deep-sea unmanned equipment exploration. Consequently, they represent an ideal novel energy source for unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs). This article selected the SUBOFF submarine model as a basis to calculate UUVs’ navigation resistance at various speeds using the 1+k method. By comparing the converted UUVs navigation power demand with that of traditional batteries and heat pipe stacks’ output power, it was concluded that heat pipe reactors offer superior power supply and endurance capabilities. Subsequently, based on the structural characteristics of the heat pipe stack, this study summarized battery advantages and characteristics while also addressing construction and development aspects of heat pipe stack energy systems. Furthermore, the key technologies that need to be overcome in the application of heat pipe stacks in UUVs are introduced. Through the formula of heat transfer limit of heat pipe, the factors that limit the heat transfer performance of heat pipe are analyzed, and the positive correlation among the number of heat pipe, heat transfer limit and heat transfer power was obtained. Finally, the challenges faced by the future application of heat pipe stacks in UUVs were pointed out.
Trend of landfalling tropical cyclones in the East China Sea and their storm surge response
Authors: Tang Yuhui , Zhou Feng , Xuan Jiliang , Xu Yinfeng
Published: May 2024

In recent years, the influence of global tropical cyclones (TCs) has a tendency to expand towards the polar direction, and the proportion of high-intensity TCs has also increased greatly. The Northwest Pacific is a high incidence area of TCs, the northward shift of landfalling TCs in China and the increase of high-intensity TCs will lead to an increased risk of storm surge in the East China Sea (ECS). However, due to the lack of long-term observations in the ECS, previous studies have focused on the analysis of individual TC, and the response mechanism of storm surge to long-term trends of TCs is not clear. Based on the long-term observations of TCs from 1949 to 2022 and the numerical experiments of storm surge, the trend of landfalling TCs in China and the response characteristics of storm surge in the ECS were studied in this paper. The observations showed that the probability of TCs entering ECS became greater in the latter 37 years compared with the former 37 years. The average intensity of landfalling TCs (maximum wind speed) increased by 36% to 30 m/s, and the average speed of landfalling TCs increased by 100% to 8 m/s. The model results showed that the intensity of the storm surge is closely related to the intensity and translation speed of TCs. Under the condition of the same translation speed of TCs, the storm surge enhanced with the intensity of TCs. For the TCs with high intensity (strong typhoon and super typhoon), the intensity of the storm surge continues to increase as the translation speed of the TCs increases. However, for the TCs with low or medium intensity (severe tropical storms and typhoons), the intensity of the storm surge reaches a peak with the increase of the translation speed of TCs. The intensity of the storm surge is determined by both the wind speed and the duration of strong wind. The TCs with faster translation speed can produce a stronger wind field but shorter duration of strong wind. Therefore, the intensity of the storm surge decreases when the translation speed of TCs exceeds the threshold value.
Main applications and characterization of world resources of niobium and progress in extraction
Authors: Liu Ao , Su Wenrou , Wu Jie
Published: May 2024

This paper focuses on niobium applications in the steel industry, aerospace industry, electronics industry, superconducting alloys, medical and other fields. As the demand of niobium resources is increasing year by year, this paper also introduces the distribution and characteristics of niobium resources in the world, and the characteristics of niobium resources in Bayan Obo. As well as the current situation and main methods of niobium resources development and utilization.
Research on energy storage capacity analysis and short-term load prediction method for new energy high penetration system
Authors: Li Zhiheng , Yang Qinchen , Yin Shuo , Zhong Xinrui , Zheng Yongle
Published: May 2024

The uncertainty of high penetration new energy is strong. After the proportion of electric units is reduced, the flexible resources are suppressed, and the system-level energy storage can effectively relieve the frequency modulation pressure. In this paper, an energy storage capacity analysis method is proposed for new energy high permeability system. The short-term load is predicted by quantile regression analysis, so as to obtain the optimal peak regulation and frequency modulation frequency in operation, so as to further analyze the relationship between new energy permeability, capacity and energy storage power. The results show that the analytical method proposed in this paper can determine the demand capacity of the new energy high permeability system.
Exploration of establishing a unified carbon accounting method in the field of public buildings
Authors: Sun Yanling , Chen Lei , Gao Min , Sun Weizhe , Wang Wengang
Published: May 2024

Under the background of low-carbon development, the construction of green public buildings is an inescapable responsibility and mission. At present, there are relatively few studies on carbon emission of public buildings in China and there is a lack of unified and standardized carbon accounting methods. Therefore, based on the domestic research status, this paper reviews the research progress and trend of carbon emission in public buildings. Sorting out the common accounting boundaries and accounting scope in the field of public buildings; By constructing the interactive accounting method framework of public buildings, the process and method of carbon accounting are sorted out. Various points for attention in the process of accounting are clarified from data acquisition，data management, accounting analysis and other aspects. This study provides a theoretical framework for carbon accounting in the field of public buildings and lays a foundation for establishing a unified carbon emission accounting method system in the field of green public buildings.
Research on Subsidy Policies to Promote China’s Low-Carbon Development: Taking the Promotion of Electric Vehicles as an Example
Authors: Zhang Li , Wu Ya , Zhong Min
Published: May 2024

The large-scale promotion of electric vehicles is China’s strategic measure to alleviate the energy crisis, deal with climate change and promote green development. Taking 19 large and medium-sized cities in China as samples, this thesis constructs a quantitative model of policy subsidies and a gray correlation model to evaluate the subsidies of the main demand-side policies of electric vehicles and their impact on the demand for electric vehicles. The study found that the subsidy intensity (varies from 34,000 to 129,000 yuan per year) of the “direct” policy is stronger than that of the “indirect” policy (ranges from 5,000-104,000 yuan per year). The subsidy intensity of the “indirect” policy varies greatly among cities. Thanks to the convenience of the use link, the gray correlations between the intensity of the “direct” and “indirect” policies and the promotion of electric vehicles are 0.61 and 0.92, respectively, indicating that the influence of the “indirect” policy on consumer behaviour is greater than that of the “direct” policy significantly. Based on the research conclusions, in order to further expand the electric vehicle market, this thesis intends to put forward relevant policy suggestions.
Übersicht über Einsatzmöglichkeiten von In-house-Tests zum Nachweis
von systemischen Infektionskrankheiten beim Hund
Authors: Walter-Weingärtner Julia , Bergmann Michèle , Hartmann Katrin
Published: May 2024

Zum Nachweis von Infektionskrankheiten existieren neben den in kommerziellen
Laboratorien durchführbaren Verfahren auch sogenannte Point-of-care- (POC-) oder
In-house-Tests. Diese basieren auf einem Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
(ELISA) oder anderen immunchromatografischen Testprinzipien und liefern binnen
weniger Minuten direkt vor Ort ein Testergebnis. Dieser Artikel gibt einen
Überblick über die Qualität der zahlreichen POC-Tests verschiedener Hersteller
zum Nachweis von Parvovirus-Antigen im Kot, Antigen von Dirofilaria (D.)
immitis im Blut sowie zum Nachweis von Antikörpern gegen Borrelia
(B.) burgdorferi, Anaplasma (A.) spp., Ehrlichia
(E.) spp., Leptospira (L.) spp. und Leishmania (L.)
infantum im Blut (einzeln oder in Kombinationen). Entscheidend für den
Nutzen der Tests sind ihre Sensitivität und Spezifität. Auch muss das
Vorhandensein von Antikörpern oder der Nachweis von Antigen mit dem Auftreten
einer klinischen Erkrankung einhergehen. POC-Tests zum Nachweis von
Parvovirus-Antigen im Kot besitzen zwar eine sehr hohe Spezifität, die
Sensitivität aller evaluierten Tests ist jedoch sehr niedrig. Die POC-Tests zum
Nachweis von D. immitis besitzen eine sehr hohe Sensitivität und
Spezifität. Da sie Antigen aus dem Uterus adulter, weiblicher Tiere nachweisen,
ist der Test jedoch negativ, wenn keine oder zu wenig adulte, weibliche
Dirofilarien vorhanden sind. Der POC-Test zum Nachweis von
B.-burgdorferi-Antikörpern zeigt nur den Erregerkontakt an und
nicht die klinische Erkrankung, da das Auftreten von Antikörpern nur in
seltensten Fällen mit einer Erkrankung einhergeht. Ebenso ist der POC-Test zum
Nachweis von Antikörpern gegen A. phagocytophilum zur Diagnose einer
klinischen Anaplasmose ungeeignet, da auch diese Infektion nur selten zur
Erkrankung führt und wenn, dann Symptome in der Regel vor Ausbildung der
Antikörper auftreten. Zum Nachweis von Antikörpern gegen E. canis zeigen
die POC-Tests eine sehr hohe Sensitivität und Spezifität. POC-Tests zum Nachweis
von Antikörpern gegen L. infantum und Leptospira-Spezies (spp.)
besitzen ebenfalls eine sehr hohe Spezifität und eine hohe Sensitivität. Jedoch
kann es bei Letzteren zu positiven Ergebnissen nach einer Impfung kommen, da die
Tests nicht zwischen Feld- und Impfantikörpern unterscheiden können.
Stratification of Barrett’s esophagus surveillance based on p53 immunohistochemistry: a cost-effectiveness analysis by an international collaborative group
Authors: Menon Shyam , Norman Richard , Iyer Prasad G. , Ragunath Krish
Published: May 2024

Background Surveillance of nondysplastic Barrett’s esophagus (NDBE) is recommended to identify progression to dysplasia; however, the most cost-effective strategy remains unclear. Mutation of TP53 or aberrant expression of p53 have been associated with the development of dysplasia in BE. We sought to determine if surveillance intervals for BE could be stratified based on p53 expression.

Methods A Markov model was developed for NDBE. Patients with NDBE underwent p53 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and those with abnormal p53 expression underwent surveillance endoscopy at 1 year, while patients with normal p53 expression underwent surveillance in 3 years. Patients with dysplasia underwent endoscopic therapy and surveillance.

Results On base-case analysis, the strategy of stratifying surveillance based on abnormal p53 IHC was cost-effective relative to conventional surveillance and a natural history model, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $8258 for p53 IHC-based surveillance. Both the conventional and p53-stratified surveillance strategies dominated the natural history model. On probabilistic sensitivity analysis, the p53 IHC strategy ($28 652; 16.78 quality-adjusted life years [QALYs]) was more cost-effective than conventional surveillance ($25 679; 16.17 QALYs) with a net monetary benefit of $306 873 compared with conventional surveillance ($297 642), with an ICER <$50 000 in 96% of iterations. The p53-stratification strategy was associated with a 14% reduction in the overall endoscopy burden and a 59% increase in dysplasia detection.

Conclusion A surveillance strategy for BE based on abnormal p53 IHC is cost-effective relative to a conventional surveillance strategy and is likely to be associated with higher rates of dysplasia diagnosis.
Inhalation of Hydrogen-rich Gas before Acute Exercise Alleviates
Exercise Fatigue: A Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Dong Gengxin , Wu Jianxin , Hong Yinglu , Li Qian , Liu Meng , Jiang Guole , Bao Dapeng , Manor Brad , Zhou Junhong
Published: May 2024

Hydrogen, as an antioxidant, may have the potential to mitigate fatigue and
improve selected oxidative stress markers induced by strenuous exercise. This
study focused on a previously unexplored approach involving pre-exercise
inhalation of hydrogen-rich gas (HRG). Twenty-four healthy adult men first
completed pre-laboratories to determine maximum cycling power (Wmax)
and maximum cycling time (Tmax). Then they were subjected to ride
Tmax at 80% Wmax and 60–70 rpm on cycle ergometers
after inhaled HRG or placebo gas (air) for 60-minute in a double-blind,
counterbalanced, randomized, and crossover design. The cycling frequency in the
fatigue modeling process and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) at the
beginning and end of the ride were recorded. Before gas inhalation and after
fatigue modeling, visual analog scale (VAS) for fatigue and counter-movement
jump (CMJ) were tested, and blood samples were obtained. The results showed that
compared to a placebo, HRG inhalation induced significant improvement in VAS,
RPE, the cycling frequency during the last 30 seconds in the fatigue modeling
process, the ability to inhibit hydroxyl radicals, and serum lactate after
exercise (p<0.028), but not in CMJ height and glutathione peroxidase
activity. The cycling frequency during the last 30 seconds of all other segments
in the fatigue modeling process was within the range of 60–70 rpm. In
conclusion, HRG inhalation prior to acute exercise can alleviate
exercise-induced fatigue, maintain functional performance, and improve hydroxyl
radical and lactate levels.
Implementation of a Real-Time Documentation Assistance Tool: Automated Diagnosis (AutoDx)
Authors: Cerasale Matthew T. , Mansour Ali , Molitch-Hou Ethan , Bernstein Sean , Nguyen Tokhanh , Kao Cheng-Kai
Published: May 2024

Background Clinical documentation improvement programs are utilized by most health care systems to enhance provider documentation. Suggestions are sent to providers in a variety of ways, and are commonly referred to as coding queries. Responding to these coding queries can require significant provider time and do not often align with workflows. To enhance provider documentation in a more consistent manner without creating undue burden, alternative strategies are required.

Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of a real-time documentation assistance tool, named AutoDx, on the volume of coding queries and encounter-level outcome metrics, including case-mix index (CMI).

Methods The AutoDx tool was developed utilizing tools existing within the electronic health record, and is based on the generation of messages when clinical conditions are met. These messages appear within provider notes and required little to no interaction. Initial diagnoses included in the tool were electrolyte deficiencies, obesity, and malnutrition. The tool was piloted in a cohort of Hospital Medicine providers, then expanded to the Neuro Intensive Care Unit (NICU), with addition diagnoses being added.

Results The initial Hospital Medicine implementation evaluation included 590 encounters pre- and 531 post-implementation. The volume of coding queries decreased 57% (p < 0.0001) for the targeted diagnoses compared with 6% (p = 0.77) in other high-volume diagnoses. In the NICU cohort, 829 encounters pre-implementation were compared with 680 post. The proportion of AutoDx coding queries compared with all other coding queries decreased from 54.9 to 37.1% (p < 0.0001). During the same period, CMI demonstrated a significant increase post-implementation (4.00 vs. 4.55, p = 0.02).

Conclusion The real-time documentation assistance tool led to a significant decrease in coding queries for targeted diagnoses in two unique provider cohorts. This improvement was also associated with a significant increase in CMI during the implementation time period.
TFL Perforator Flap Complementing and Completing the ALT–AMT Flap Axis
Authors: Jaiswal Dushyant , Saxena Bharat , Mathews Saumya , Mantri Mayur , Pilania Vineet , Bindu Ameya , Shankhdhar Vinay Kant , Yadav Prabha
Published: May 2024

Background Anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is the most common soft tissue flap used for microvascular reconstruction of head and neck. Its harvest is associated with some unpredictability due to variability in perforator characteristics, injury or unfavorable configuration for complex defects. Anteromedial thigh (AMT) flap is an option, but the low incidence and thickness restrict its utility. Tensor fascia lata (TFL) perforator (TFLP) flap is an excellent option to complement ALT. Its perforator is consistent, robust, in vicinity, and lends itself with the ALT perforator.

Methods This study was an analysis of 29 cases with a free flap for head neck reconstruction with an element of TFLP flap from July 2017 to May 2021.

Results All cases were primarily planned for an ALT reconstruction. There was absence of the ALT perforator in 16 cases but a sizable TFL perforator was available. In 13 cases, the complex defect warranted use of both ALT plus TFL in a conjoint (5), chimeric (5), and multiple (3) free flaps manner. Most common perforator location was septocutaneous between the TFL and gluteus medius. There was complete flap loss in two cases and partial necrosis in two. No adjuvant therapy was delayed.

Conclusion TFLP can reliably complement the ALT/AMT axis. Chimeric ALT–TFL can be harvested for large, complex, multicomponent, and multidimensional defects.
A Rare Case of Clival Hemangioma Simulating Chordoma
Authors: Isolan Gustavo Rassier , Smith Alessandra Locatelli , Meotti Camila , Telles João Paulo Mota , Rabelo Nícollas Nunes , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha
Published: May 2024

Primary intraosseous hemangiomas are rare, benign, vascular malformations that account for ∼1% of all primary bone neoplasias. A 59-year-old female patient with unknown comorbidities had a history of headache, visual impairment and dizziness that led to the diagnosis of a clivus tumor. Two resections were attempted through transcranial and transnasal transsphenoidal approach in the last two years in another hospital. The initial MRI scan showed an expansive lesion with T2 hyperintense signal and diffuse, heterogenic contrast enhancement. Clival chordoma was the main diagnostic hypothesis done. A CT scan was performed to evaluate the extent of clival invasion, the sinus anatomy, and the clival destruction - all simulating clival chordoma. The interdisciplinary tumor board decided to proceed with endoscopic endonasal tumor resection. There were no postoperative complications and the histopathological analysis revealed a primary intraosseous haemangioma. Skull base intraosseous hemangiomas are rare entities, with a limited number of case reports found after literature reviews, especially in the clival region. The clinical pattern and imaging characteristics can vary widely according to the tumor extension and development, simulating some other common tumors found at this topography. We present a case report of a clival intraosseous hemangioma presenting as an isolated abducens paresis with a positive outcome after intranasal endoscopic resection after two years of follow-up.
Quiste óseo aneurismático del atlas: Tratamiento con denosumab y reporte de caso
Authors: Droguett Sebastián , Hernández Jorge , Adriazola Francisco
Published: May 2024

Presentamos un caso de quiste óseo aneurismático (QOA) de ubicación infrecuente y comportamiento agresivo en un paciente masculino de 28 años, en que la resección quirúrgica es controversial por el riesgo de iatrogenia y eventual recurrencia. El tratamiento con denosumab ha sido recientemente propuesto como una alternativa para el manejo de QOAs irresecables o recurrentes; sin embargo, la literatura disponible es escasa. Reportamos nuestra experiencia en un caso y analizamos la bibliografía disponible.
The Aortic Team Model for the Management of the Distal Arch, Descending Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aorta: Appraisal at 3 Years
Authors: McClure R. Scott , Rommens Kenton L. , Herget Eric J. , Keir Michelle , Gregory Alex J. , Smith Holly N. , Moore Randy D.
Published: May 2024

Background This study aimed to assess feasibility, logistical challenges, and clinical outcomes associated with the implementation of an Aortic Team model for the management of distal arch, descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic disease.

Methods An Aortic Team care pathway was implemented in November 2019. Working as a unit, two cardiac surgeons, two vascular surgeons, an interventional radiologist, a cardiologist, and an anesthesiologist collectively determined care decisions via multispecialty presence at an Aortic Clinic. Cardiac and vascular surgeons operated in tandem for open procedures. Interventional radiology participated alongside cardiac and vascular for endovascular procedures. Cardiology aided in medical therapies for heritable and degenerative disease, and had a lead role for genetics and high-risk pregnancy referrals. The model spanned three hospitals. Clinical outcomes at 3 years were assessed.

Results There were 35 descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal surgeries and 77 thoracic endovascular aortic repairs. Endoarch devices were used in 7 cases (Gore Thoracic Branch Endoprosthesis, 4, Terumo RelayBranch, 3) and an endothoracoabdominal device in 4 cases (Cook Zenith t-branch). The Aortic Clinic acquired 456 patients, with yearly increases (54 patients [year 1], 181 patients [year 2], 221 patients [year 3]). For surgery, mortality was 8.6% (3/35), permanent paralysis 5.7% (2/35), stroke 8.6% (3/35), permanent dialysis 0%, and reinterventions 8.6% (3/35). For endovascular cases, mortality was 3.9% (3/77), permanent paralysis 3.9% (3/77), stroke 5.2% (4/77), permanent dialysis 1.3% (1/77), and reinterventions 16.9% (13/77).

Conclusion An Aortic Team model is feasible and ensures all treatment options are considered. Conventional open thoracoabdominal procedures showed acceptable outcomes. Endoarch technology shows early promise.
Paradoxical Air Embolism in Spinal Surgery: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Miotto Guilherme José , Martio Artur Eduardo , Filho Paulo Moacir Mesquita , Karam Octávio Ruschel , Padua Wagner Lazaretto , Berres Taís Otilia , Saltiél Renan Mathias Ferreira
Published: May 2024

Air embolism (AE) is a subtype of embolism, caused by the entry of air into the vascular system. It is a predominantly iatrogenic complication, and its symptomatic form is severe, although uncommon. In some cases, a venous thrombi may pass into the arterial system through a venous-arterial shunt, characterizing a paradoxical embolism. Here, we describe the case of a previously healthy 44-year-old female who underwent cauda equina decompression and lumbar epidural abscess drainage. The patient suffered a paradoxical AE intraoperatively and died after 4 days. The occurrence of AE in lumbar spine surgeries in the prone position is rare, but the surgical team must be attentive to its clinical signs and quickly institute initial management when necessary.