bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Athletic Play Surfaces and Injury Risk
Authors: Yurgil Jacqueline L. , Meredith T. Jason , Martin Peter Mitchell
Published: April 2021

Advancements in technology and the economic desires to maximize use of athletic playing surfaces have led to the development of various playing surfaces across the spectrum of sports. Each of these surfaces possesses specific safety profiles which are sport and population specific. Despite the growing medical literature on outdoor playing surfaces, inconsistent data exist on both orthopedic injuries and general medical concerns, such as surface component exposure toxicity and infection risk. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of data regarding various indoor playing surfaces and their effects on injury risk; this is an area ripe for further medical investigation. Understanding the differences in various play surfaces and their associated injury and health concerns is crucial for all medical staff providing care to athletes across the spectrum of skill and competition.
Discarded fish on the Spanish Mediterranean coast: influence of season on fatty acids profiles
Authors: SUÁREZ MARÍA DOLORES , SÁEZ MARÍA ISABEL , RINCÓN-CERVERA MIGUEL ÁNGEL , HIDALGO LUIS , GUIL-GUERRERO JOSE LUIS
Published: April 2021

This work focused on determining the fatty acid (FA) composition of commonly discarded fish on the Spanish Mediterranean coast in winter and summer to assess their potential use as raw sources of very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFAs). Total n-3 VLCPUFA content significantly varies depending on capture season, and values were higher in winter for Pomadasys incisus (1.36 g/100 g), Chelidonichthys lucerna (1.67 g/100 g) and Trachinus draco (2.04 g/100 g), while Pagellus acarne had larger n-3 PUFA amounts in summer (3.89 g/100 g). Generally for most species, monounsaturated FA, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and total FA had higher values in summer, while both the n-3 VLCPUFA fraction and DHA content were higher in winter. Knowledge of these changes allows the processes for their proper use as valuable PUFA sources to be adjusted. The discarded fish herein studied could be generally considered to be raw n-3 VLCPUFAs sources.
Life cycle assessment of seabass and meagre in marine cage farming: From feeding plant to harvesting
Authors: KONSTANTINIDIS EVANGELOS , PERDIKARIS COSTAS , GANIAS KONSTANTINOS
Published: April 2021

Aquaculture is related to environmental impacts locally and globally. The purpose of this study was to identify environmental hotspots in fish feeds of various granulations in seabass and meagre farming, by using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), given that recent studies suggested fish feed as the predominant factor affecting environmental impacts in marine fish farming. This, in turn enabled a detailed comparison of the environmental performance throughout the rearing cycle, in both species. LCA was applied on the production process of fish feeds taking into account the amount of raw materials, heat and energy needed for the production of feed. Similarly, LCA was applied in cage farms in Greece, involving the amount of feeds per size class, energy and fuel needed for the production of one tonne of seabass and meagre, respectively. The smaller size feed (SSF) class distributed to the fry, performed better compared to medium (MSF) and large size feed (LSF) classes provided to juveniles/adults, in relation to various environmental impact indicators. In medium and large size feeds, the main negative contributor was the use of sunflower meal, while small size feed affected these indicators through higher electricity demands and the inclusion of higher fishmeal level. The comparison between seabass and meagre revealed that meagre had significantly lower impact in all eighteen environmental impact indicators. This should be attributed to the reduced feed conversion ratio and the lower fry requirements compared to seabass. Improvements in cultivation methods of raw materials, optimized reductions in the inclusion of marine origin raw materials and improved feeding management could contribute to the overall ecological sustainability of the sector.
Syntax-semantics interactions – seeking evidence from a synchronic analysis of 38 languages
Authors: Juzek Tom S , Bizzoni Yuri
Published: April 2021

The notion that, to facilitate processing, as semantic complexity increases, syntactic complexity decreases, follows from various linguistic theories. This brief report presents the results of testing that notion, by analysing synchronic data from 38languages and correlating canonical measures of semantic and syntactic difficulty. We expected an overall positive tendency. However, the results came out mixed to negative. There is a notable degree of variation and there are no clear tendencies within language families. After detailing the theoretic and cognitive reasons that support the original hypothesis, we conclude with a short discussion about the potential causes and implications of our findings. A possible interpretation is that the interaction we are looking for is more subtle than one might have assumed.
Paramedics working in general practice: a scoping review
Authors: Xi David , McCombe Geoff , Agarwal Gina , Booker Matthew , Cullen Walter , Bury Gerard , Barry Tomás
Published: April 2021

Background: The term ‘paramedic’ has traditionally related to a healthcare professional trained to provide pre-hospital emergency care; however, paramedics are increasingly taking on novel additional non-emergency roles. General practice is facing unprecedented demand for its services related to rising expectations, an aging society and increased prevalence of chronic disease. Paramedics may be recruited to work in general practice to meet some of these demands. We undertook a scoping review to map the current literature considering paramedics working in general practice and inform follow-on research.

Methods: We employed the six-stage scoping review framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley. Our research question was ‘to identify the scope of practice, nature of training/qualifications, challenges faced, and impacts of paramedics working in general practice’.

Results: After searching PUBMED (Medline, n = 487), EMBASE (n = 536) and the Cochrane Library (n = 0) in June 2020, we identified eleven full-text articles that met our inclusion criteria. The literature suggests that paramedics have diverse skills that enable roles within general practice, some of which are context specific. Additional training is considered necessary to facilitate the transition from emergency care to general practice. We found no research that quantitatively assessed the impact of paramedics working in general practice on healthcare expenditure or patient health outcomes.

Conclusions: There is a paucity of empiric scientific literature considering paramedic working in general practice. Further research is needed to inform training pathways, the structure of clinical practice and to measure outcomes.
A living mapping review for COVID-19 funded research projects: six-month update
Authors: Norton Alice , Bucher Adrian , Antonio Emilia , Advani Nicole , Grund Henrike , Mburu Sheila , Clegg Emma , Gollish Marguerite , Jabin Nusrat , Scott Laura , Boily-Larouche Genevieve , Lay A. Morgan , Carson Gail , Tufet Bayona Marta
Published: April 2021

Background:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in an unprecedented research response, demonstrating exceptional examples of rapid research and collaboration. There is however a need for greater coordination, with limited resources and the shifting global nature of the pandemic resulting in a proliferation of research projects underpowered and unable to achieve their aims.

Methods:The UK Collaborative on Development Research (UKCDR) and Global Research Collaboration for Infectious Disease Preparedness (GloPID-R), two funder coordination groups have collaborated to develop a live database of funded research projects across the world relating to COVID-19. Drawing data continually from their members and further global funding bodies, as of 15thJanuary 2021 the database contains 7,778 projects, funded by 101 funders, taking place across 136 countries representing an investment of at least $3.8 billion. To our knowledge it is one of the most comprehensive databases. The database is aligned to the World Health Organisation (WHO) Global Research Roadmap: 2019 Novel Coronavirus. It is being used by the WHO, governments and multi-lateral policy makers, research funders and researchers.

This living mapping review aims to supplement the database by providing an open accessible and frequently updated resource summarising the characteristics of the COVID-19 funded research portfolio. Both descriptive and thematic analysis will be presented and updated frequently to aid interpretation of the global COVID-19 funded research portfolio.

Results:In this version three analysis we provide an updated detailed descriptive analysis of the database (three months after version two) and focus our thematic analysis on research gaps, research areas in need of coordination, study populations and research locations (with a focus on resource-limited countries).

Conclusions:As the global funding response to COVID-19 plateaus, this living mapping review helps both funders and researchers to prioritise resources to areas where there is continued unmet research need.
A Comparison of the Application of the SMED Methodology in Two Different Cutting Lines
Authors: Silva Alexandre , Sá José C. , Santos Gilberto , Silva Francisco J.G. , Ferreira Luís P. , Pereira Maria T.
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This study was carried out in a cork company and its purpose was to observe and analyze the practices and methods used during the tools/series change moments and to propose improvements and alternatives to these same procedures so that the time needed to carry out the setup is reduced by 15% in both lines.
Methodology/Approach:The methodology included the following phases: 1st - historical data collection and setup video recording, 2nd - footage analysis and conduction of informal interviews with employees, 3rd - flow, Gantt, and spaghetti charts creation and making of an action plan based on the waste and improvement opportunities identified in video analysis, 4th - validation with the line workers of the new operating mode created with the Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED) tool and communication to the Maintenance department about their role in this project, 5th - making and placement of plasticized cards on the cutting lines to ensure that new operating mode is followed and carrying out the actions identified in the action plan.
Findings: Throughout this project using observations, video recording and its subsequent analysis, as well as interviews to the workers operating in the line, it was found the existence of several actions carried out by them during the setups which did not add value to the product, lack of adequate tools for the work to be performed and lack of work tools in general
Research Limitation/implication: The study was limited by the lines and products under study and by the duration of the curricular internship, which was about five months.
Originality/Value of paper: The article demonstrates the added value in terms of product quality and production output rate that SMED methodology can bring to companies that adopt the lean philosophy and in particular this continuous improvement tool.
What Determines Firm’s Innovation? The Case of Catching-up CEE Countries
Authors: Vávra Michael , Vohralík Gregor , Prokop Viktor , Stejskal Jan
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to recognize significant innovation determinants on firms’ product, process, and overall innovation activity.
Methodology/Approach: The source of data for the analysis is the Community Innovation Survey 2012-2014. If the company has implemented the relevant innovation activity, they acquire a value of 1, or, if the company has not performed a certain activity in the period, they reached 0. As the variables are binary, the logistic regression analysis was used.
Findings: Based on the results from the analysis, we defined the proper determinants of firms’ innovation activities but unfortunately, firms are not able to achieve innovative outputs, specifically within CEE countries. This is due, among other things, to several factors such as different conditions in individual countries, different innovation policies at the national as well as company level, managerial approach (aversion) to risk, mistrust between the various actors, and many others. A typical example is the impact of internal R&D on firm innovations. While in the case of product innovations we found a significant positive impact, in the case of process innovations the impact was negative
Research Limitation/Implication: We performed on outdated data and we did not make a comparison with countries from Western Europe.
Originality/Value of paper: The paper analyses innovation determinants and it is importance for innovation activities within the CEE countries.
Maximum Power Point Tracking Interleaved Boost Converter Using Cuckoo Search Algorithm on The Nano Grid System
Authors: Hidayat Taufik , Efendi Mohammad Zaenal , Murdianto Farid Dwi
Published: April 2021

The problems of using solar panels include the power and efficiency that can be achieved by solar panels during conditions where the surface of the solar panel is covered by shadows, because the performance of the solar panels is affected by the amount of sunlight received and the temperature of the solar panels. Then, a solution appears to overcome the problem, called Maximum Power Point Tracking or a technique to get the maximum output power from solar panels. Initially, MPPT worked with conventional methods, one of which was Perturb and Observe. Furthermore, the MPPT method on solar panels continues to develop to solve problems during partial shade conditions. The development of this conventional method is called the metaheuristic method, an example of which is the Cuckoo Search Algorithm method implemented in this research. This method is characterized by the Levy Flight equation in generating duty cycle values so that it can reach the maximum peak power of solar panels. The system built in this research is also supported by the highly efficient Interleaved Boost converter. Based on simulation results show that the power that can be generated by the MPPT Cuckoo Search Algorithm is higher than the MPPT Perturb and Observe, which is 121.23 W compared to 72.38 W.
Multiple Face Tracking using Kalman and Hungarian Algorithm to Reduce Face Recognition Computational Cost
Authors: Fauzi Willy Achmat , Nugroho Supeno M Susiki , Yuniarno Eko Mulyanto , Anggraeni Wiwik , Purnomo Mauridhi Hery
Published: April 2021

Currently, research in face recognition systemsmainly utilized deep learning to achieve high accuracy. Usingdeep learning as the base platform, per frame image processingto detect and recognize faces is computationally expensive,especially for video surveillance systems using large numbers ofmounted cameras simultaneously streaming video data to thesystem. The idea behind this research is that the system does notneed to recognize every occurrence of faces in every frame. Weused MobileNet SSD to detect the face, Kalman filter to predictface location in the next frame when detection fails, andHungarian algorithm to maintain the identity of each face.Based on the result, using our algorithm 87.832 face that mustbe recognized is reduced to only 204 faces, and run at the realtime scenario. This method is proven to be used in surveillancesystems by reducing computational cost.
Limited progression of subclinical Dupuytren’s disease
Authors: van den Berge Bente A. , Werker Paul M. N. , Broekstra Dieuwke C.
Published: April 2021

Aims

With novel promising therapies potentially limiting progression of Dupuytren’s disease (DD), better patient stratification is needed. We aimed to quantify DD development and progression after seven years in a population-based cohort, and to identify factors predictive of disease development or progression.

Methods

All surviving participants from our previous prevalence study were invited to participate in the current prospective cohort study. Participants were examined for presence of DD and Iselin’s classification was applied. They were asked to complete comprehensive questionnaires. Disease progression was defined as advancement to a further Iselin stage or surgery. Potential predictive factors were assessed using multivariable regression analyses. Of 763 participants in our original study, 398 were available for further investigation seven years later.

Results

We identified 143/398 (35.9%) participants with DD, of whom 56 (39.2%) were newly diagnosed. Overall, 20/93 (21.5%) previously affected participants had disease progression, while 6/93 (6.5%) patients showed disease regression. Disease progression occurred more often in patients who initially had advanced disease. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that both ectopic lesions and a positive family history of DD are independent predictors of disease progression. Previous hand injury predicts development of DD.

Conclusion

Disease progression occurred in 21.5% of DD patients in our study. The higher the initial disease stage, the greater the proportion of participants who had disease progression at follow-up. Both ectopic lesions and a positive family history of DD predict disease progression. These patient-specific factors may be used to identify patients who might benefit from treatment that prevents progression. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(4):704–710.
A clinical review of robotic navigation in total knee arthroplasty: historical systems to modern design
Authors: Siddiqi Ahmed , Horan Timothy , Molloy Robert M. , Bloomfield Michael R. , Patel Preetesh D. , Piuzzi Nicolas S.
Published: April 2021

Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RA-TKA) has shown improved reproducibility and precision in mechanical alignment restoration, with improvement in early functional outcomes and 90-day episode of care cost savings compared to conventional TKA in some studies. However, its value is still to be determined. Current studies of RA-TKA systems are limited by short-term follow-up and significant heterogeneity of the available systems. In today’s paradigm shift towards an increased emphasis on quality of care while curtailing costs, providing value-based care is the primary goal for healthcare systems and clinicians. As robotic technology continues to develop, longer-term studies evaluating implant survivorship and complications will determine whether the initial capital is offset by improved outcomes. Future studies will have to determine the value of RA-TKA based on longer-term survivorships, patient-reported outcome measures, functional outcomes, and patient satisfaction measures.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:252-269. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200071
Are Researchers Addressing Cancer Treatment and Survivorship Among People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in the U.S.? A Scoping Review
Authors: Samtani Grace , Bassford Tamsen L. , Williamson Heather J. , Armin Julie S.
Published: April 2021

People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (PWIDD) often encounter barriers in the health care system when seeking general and specialized medical care. Literature has shown that PWIDD experience a lack of proper screening for and prevention of cancer compared to the general population. However, less is known regarding the cancer care and survivorship of PWIDD, especially in the United States. In this review, we examine what is currently known about the primary, psychosocial, and palliative care of PWIDD diagnosed with cancer. Our analyses reveal an immediate need for improvement in caregiver support, collaboration among health care providers, and ethical approaches to information disclosure for this population, as well as the establishment of more reliable standards of care through additional research with PWIDD.
Improvement of the coherent model function for S-branch Raman linewidth determination in oxygen
Authors: Hölzer Jonas I. , Meißner Christian , Seeger Thomas
Published: April 2021

Determination of S-branch Raman linewidths of oxygen from picosecond time-domain pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (RCARS) measurements requires consideration of coherence beating. We present an optimization of the established model for fitting the coherence decay in oxygen, which leads to an improvement in Raman linewidth data quality, especially for the challenging small signal intensity and decay constant regime, enabling the application for low oxygen concentrations. Two modifications to the fitting procedure are discussed, which aim at reliably fitting the second coherence beat properly. These are evaluated statistically against simulated decay traces, and weighing the data by the inverse of the data magnitude gives the best agreement. The presented temperature dependent

O

2

−

O

2

S-branch Raman linewidth from the modified model shows an improved data quality over the original model function for all studied temperatures.

O

2

−

N

2

linewidths of oxygen in air for the temperature range from 295 K to 1900 K demonstrate applicability to small concentrations. Use of the determined RCARS

O

2

−

O

2

S-branch linewidth instead of regularly used Q-branch derived linewidths leads to a lowering in evaluated RCARS temperature by about 21 K, thereby, a much better agreement with thermocouple measurements.
OrganiCam: a lightweight time-resolved laser-induced luminescence
imager and Raman spectrometer for planetary organic material
characterization
Authors: Gasda Patrick J. , Wiens Roger C. , Reyes-Newell Adriana , Ganguly Kumkum , Newell Raymond T. , Peterson Charles , Sandoval Benigno , Ott Logan , Adikari Samantha , Voit Seychelles , Clegg Samuel M. , Misra Anupam K. , Acosta-Maeda Tayro E. , Quinn Heather , Sharma Shiv K. , Dale Magdalena , Love Steven P. , Maurice Sylvestre
Published: April 2021

OrganiCam is a laser-induced luminescence imager and spectrometer designed for standoff organic and biosignature detection on planetary bodies. OrganiCam uses a diffused laser beam (12° cone) to cover a large area at several meters distance and records luminescence on half of its intensified detector. The diffuser can be removed to record Raman and fluorescence spectra from a small spot from 2 m standoff distance. OrganiCam’s small size and light weight makes it ideal for surveying organics on planetary surfaces. We have designed and built a brassboard version of the OrganiCam instrument and performed initial tests of the system.
High-energy nanosecond parametric source at 2.7  µm
Authors: Xiao X. , Nees J. A. , Jovanovic I.
Published: April 2021

We report a high-energy nanosecond

K
T
i
O
A
s

O

4

-based optical parametric oscillator
and amplifier system driven by a 1064-nm, injection-seeded,

Q

-switched Nd:YAG laser to provide
mid-infrared pumping for few-cycle optical parametric chirped-pulse
amplification operating in the long-wave infrared spectral regime. An
output energy of 10.5 mJ at 2726 nm was obtained from the final power
amplifier with a spectral width of 2.8 nm, pulse duration of 1.2 ns,
and

M

2

value of 2.4. The parametric source
provides for the second mode of operation, where 10-ns pulses are
produced by disabling the electro-optic slicing that enables the 1-ns
mode. For 10-ns operation, the source produced energy of 25 mJ with a

M

2

value of 2.8.
Effects from containment and closure policies to market quality: Do they really matter in Vietnam during Covid-19?
Authors: Vo Duc Hong , Doan Bao
Published: April 2021

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the Vietnamese government has actively implemented various policies to achieve dual objectives: (i) to minimize the loss of life due to the infection; and (ii) to support economic growth. This paper is conducted to examine the effect of the government’s containment and closure policy on the stock market quality in Vietnam. Unlike other papers, we focus exclusively on market quality during the pandemic. We find that the policies appear to positively affect the market quality, except for closing-school policy (negative effect) and international travel (no effect). We argue that the government should sustain the policies until the wide availability of the vaccine to support the stock market quality in the near future.
Mixed results from a multiple regression analysis of supplemental instruction courses in introductory physics
Authors: Burkholder Eric , Salehi Shima , Wieman Carl E.
Published: April 2021

Providing less prepared students with supplemental instruction (SI) in introductory STEM courses has long been used as a model in math, chemistry, and biology education to improve student performance, but this model has received little attention in physics education research. We analyzed the course performance of students enrolled in SI courses for introductory mechanics and electricity and magnetism (E&M) at Stanford University compared with those not enrolled in the SI courses over a two-year period. We calculated the benefit of the SI course using multiple linear regression to control for students’ level of high school physics and math preparation. We found that the SI course had a significant positive effect on student performance in E&M, but that an SI course with a nearly identical format had no effect on student performance in mechanics. We explored several different potential explanations for why this might be the case and were unable to find any that could explain this difference. This suggests that there are complexities in the design of SI courses that are not fully understood or captured by existing theories as to how they work.
The male bias of a generically-intended masculine pronoun: Evidence from eye-tracking and sentence evaluation
Authors: Redl Theresa , Frank Stefan L. , de Swart Peter , de Hoop Helen
Published: April 2021

Two experiments tested whether the Dutch possessive pronounzijn‘his’ gives rise to a gender inference and thus causes a male bias when used generically in sentences such asEveryone was putting on his shoes. Experiment 1 (N= 120, 48 male) was a conceptual replication of a previous eye-tracking study that had not found evidence of a male bias. The results of the current eye-tracking experiment showed the generically-intended masculine pronoun to trigger a gender inference and cause a male bias, but for male participants and in stereotypically neutral stereotype contexts only. No evidence for a male bias was thus found in stereotypically female and male context nor for female participants altogether. Experiment 2 (N= 80, 40 male) used the same stimuli as Experiment 1, but employed the sentence evaluation paradigm. No evidence of a male bias was found in Experiment 2. Taken together, the results suggest that the generically-intended masculine pronounzijn‘his’ can cause a male bias for male participants even when the referents are previously introduced by inclusive and grammatically gender-unmarkediedereen‘everyone’. This male bias surfaces with eye-tracking, which taps directly into early language processing, but not in offline sentence evaluations. Furthermore, the results suggest that the intended generic reading of the masculine possessive pronounzijn‘his’ is more readily available for women than for men.
Prevalence and patterns of illicit drug use in people with human immunodeficiency virus infection in Korea
Authors: Lee Soon Ok , Lee Jeong Eun , Lee Shinwon , Lee Sun Hee , Kang Jin Suk
Published: April 2021

Background

Data on illicit drug use by Korean people infected with HIV are lacking. Here, we examined the prevalence and patterns of illicit drug use among people infected with HIV in Korea.

Material and methods

In this cross-sectional study, we included all patients infected with HIV who visited a tertiary care hospital in Korea from January 1990 to May 2020. Sociodemographic data of patients, including drug use, were collected at the first visit and during follow-up.

Results

Among 1,267 patients, 5.13% reported the use of an illicit drug in their lifetime, and 2.61% were users of injection drugs. The most commonly used drugs were cannabis/marijuana and methamphetamine, followed by nitrite inhalants, cocaine, dextromethorphan, carisoprodol, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine. The illicit drug users tended to be younger than non-users, homosexuals/bisexuals, and infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV); they had a higher CD4+ cell count than non-users. Among 65 users of illicit drugs, only 24.6% revealed their drug use at the first visit interview, and 24.6% reported using two or more drugs in their lifetime. Individuals who used injection drugs were more likely to be arrested for drug-related charges than the users of non-injection drugs. Moreover, they tended to be heavy users of illicit drugs, to report using two or more drugs in their lifetime, and to be HCV seropositive. In contrast, the users of non-injection drugs were more likely to be experimental users and to start using drugs overseas for the first time, but less likely to report their drug use at the first interview.

Conclusions

The prevalence of illicit drug use in people with HIV infection in Korea may have been underestimated. Further research based on more accurate measurements are warranted.
Restoration management of cattle resting place in mountain grassland
Authors: Kassahun Teowdroes , Pavlů Klára , Pavlů Vilem , Pavlů Lenka , Novak Jan , Blažek Petr
Published: April 2021

This study investigated the effect of restoration management of a weed-infested area, previously used as cattle resting place, on herbage production and nutrient concentrations in the soil and herbage. The experiment was undertaken from 2004 to 2011 at the National Park of Nízké Tatry, Slovakia. Three treatments were applied: (i) cutting twice per year, (ii) herbicide application, followed after three weeks by reseeding with a mixture of vascular plant species and then cut twice per year, and (iii) unmanaged. Treatments had significant effect on biomass production and concentration of nutrients in the soil and in herbage. Nutrient concentrations in herbage and in soil declined progressively under the cutting treatments and reached optimum ranges for dairy cattle at the end of the experiment when herbage N was less than 15 g kg-1and herbage P was 3.4 g kg-1. There was also a strong positive relationship under the cutting treatments between soil nutrient concentrations and herbage nutrient concentrations for N, P, K, Mg and Ca. Although the cutting management as well as the combination of herbicide application with cutting management reduced nutrient concentrations in the soil and in herbage, the nutrient concentrations remained relatively high. We can conclude that restoration of grassland covered with weedy species likeUrtica dioicaandRumex obtusifolius, with excessive levels of soil nutrients, cannot be achieved just by cutting and herbicide application.
Comparison of surgical versus medical termination of pregnancy between 13-20 weeks of gestation in Ethiopia: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Tufa Tesfaye Hurissa , Prager Sarah , Wondafrash Mekitie , Mohammed Shikur , Byl Nicole , Bell Jason
Published: April 2021

Background

Dilation and evacuation is a method of second trimester pregnancy termination introduced recently in Ethiopia. However, little is known about the safety and effectiveness of this method in an Ethiopian setting. Therefore, the study is intended to determine the safety and effectiveness of dilation and evacuation for surgical abortion as compared to medical abortion between 13–20 weeks’ gestational age.

Methods

This is a quasi-experimental study of women receiving second trimester termination of pregnancy between 13–20 weeks. Patients were allocated to either medical or surgical abortion based on their preference. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic information and clinical data upon admission. Procedure related information was collected after the procedure was completed and before the patient was discharged. Additionally, women were contacted 2 weeks after the procedure to evaluate for post-procedural complications. The primary outcome of the study was a composite complication rate. Data were collected using Open Data Kit and then analyzed using Stata version 14.2. Univariate analyses were performed using means (standard deviation), or medians (interquartile range) when the distribution was not normal. Multiple logistic regression was also performed to control for confounders.

Results

Two hundred nineteen women chose medical abortion and 60 chose surgical abortion. The composite complication rate is not significantly different among medical and surgical abortion patients (15% versus 10%; p = 0.52). Nine patients (4.1%) in the medical arm required additional intervention to complete the abortion, while none of the surgical abortion patients required additional intervention. Median (IQR) hospital stay was significantly longer in the medical group at 24 (12–24) hours versus 6(4–6) hours in the surgical group p<0.001.

Conclusion

From the current study findings, we concluded that there is no difference in safety between surgical and medical methods of abortion. This study demonstrates that surgical abortion can be used as a safe and effective alternative to medical abortion and should be offered equivalently with medical abortion, per the patient’s preference.
GESTÃO ESCOLAR E ADMINISTRAÇÃO EMPRESARIAL: APROXIMAÇÃO E CONFRONTO
Authors: Tredezini Adriana de Lanna Malta , Da Silva Jefferson Idelfonso
Published: April 2021

Estas reflexões pretendem analisar em que teorias se baseia a gestão administrativa no ensino superior, bem como confrontá-las com as teorias administrativas atuais, verificando se há articulação entre o universo administrativo e o universo pedagógico na escola e a partir daí tentar contribuir com uma nova alternativa para a gestão escolar. A estrutura organizacional burocrática da e scola tem se mostrado desarticulada do processo pedagógico e ineficiente nas questões administrativas, não contribuindo para a melhoria de qualidade nos aspectos pedagógicos. O caminho proposto para superar esse problema é buscar nas teorias organizacionais modernas as diretrizes para a gestão escolar, ainda que seja necessário afrontar o desafio de salvaguardar a especificidade pedagógica da escola e assumir sem preconceitos os fundamentos organizacionais das administrações atuais. Foram consideradas a Administração Participativa, a Administração Holística e,

principalmente, a Administração Estratégica como possíveis formas de administração capazes de garantir a qualidade da educação.
TEORIAS ÉTICAS COMO PARÂMETRO DA GESTÃO DAS ORGANIZAÇÕES EDUCACIONAIS SUPERIORES
Authors: Schuz Almiro , Nery Vanda Cunha Albieri
Published: April 2021

O texto tem como preocupação central refletir sobre a relação entre ética e gestão de instituições educacionais. É fru to de preocupações e de pesquisas em desenvolvimento voltadas, principalmente, para o âmbito da gestão. O objetivo principal é mostrar como as várias teorias éticas podem nortear as ações para uma gestão ética. Sua relação e contribuição, como parâmetros para uma gestão ética, estão condicionadas pelos modelos da gestão e pelos pressupostos básicas das teorias éticas, entre elas, autilitarista tem tido maior aplicabilidade na gestão das organizações.
COME SCRIVE PLATONE ESEMPI DI UNA SCRITTURA A CARATTERE "PROTRETTICOâ€?
Authors: Migliori Maurizio
Published: April 2021

Vários estudiosos dedicados ao pensamento de Platão defendem a

tese segundo a qual o texto do ateniense é incongruente,

contraditório e até mesmo "irremediavelmente estranhoâ€?. Neste

artigo, tentamos demonstrar em que medida a crítica ao texto de

Platão deve recair não sobre o seu gênio literário ou seu talento

filosófico extraordinários - hipótese obviamente absurda -, mas,

isso sim, sobre a qualidade do intérprete e do método usado para

estudar o pensamento do filósofo. Aqui, entre outras coisas,

analisamos, com base em trechos emblemáticos dos próprios

diálogos, o conceito platônico de "escrito-jogoâ€?, verdadeiramente

fundamental para a compreensão das aparentes desarmonias do

texto platônico.
IDENTIDADES, SABERES E PRaTICAS
Authors: Moreira Antonio Flavio Barbosa
Published: April 2021

O texto acentua a importância da discussão da identidade nos dias

de hoje e a utiliza para analisar a presença dos "estranhosâ€? em nossas

salas de aula. Procura caracterizar o estranho e mostrar como, ao

longo dos tempos, a escola buscava a homogeneização, expulsando

o estranho. Defende que a concepção pós-moderna de identidade

pode sugerir estratégias pedagógicas para se lidar com o estranho,

de modo que ele se torne menos estranho na sala de aula.
Indonesian Export Analysis: Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model Approach
Authors: Labibah Syarifah , Jamal Abd. , Dawood Taufiq C.
Published: April 2021

There are some factors predicted tohave an effect on the countriesâ€™ economic devlopment. This study aimed to analyze the long-term and short-term effects of In-flation, Exchange Rate, and Foreign Economic Growth (the destination of the United States, China, and Japan) on the Indonesian Export. The Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model is used in this analysis from 1968 through 2017. The results of the analysis show that in the long-term, the inflation and the economic growth in China as well in Japan has a positive sign and significant effect on Indonesian exports. In addition, in the short-term, the US exchange rate and economic growth have a positive significant effect on Indonesian exports.
Program Home Visit: Penguatan Perkembangan Nilai Agama dan Moral Anak Usia Dini di Era New Normal
Authors: Mumtazah Durrotun , Sutama Sutama
Published: April 2021

The spread of the coronavirus (Covid-19) causes all activities and learning activities to be carried out from home. The home visit program is one of the programs at TK Ar-Rahman Tasikmadu Karanganyar in the new normal era. The purpose of this study was to describe the home visit program in strengthening the development of religious and moral values ​​in early childhood in Kindergarten Ar-Rahman Tasikmadu Karanganyar. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection using interviews, observation, and documentation. The research subjects were group A TK Ar-Rahman. Data analysis using a model developed by Miles and Huberman. The results showed that in the new normal era, the development of religious and moral values ​​in the TK A group in TK Ar-Rahman went well through the home visit program. The home visit program procedure consists of: planning, implementing, evaluating, and analyzing the results of the evaluation, follow-up, and reports. The aspect of religion being developed is that children can know their religion, children can imitate worship movements in the right order, children can say prayers before and/or after doing something, children can say greetings and return greetings. While the moral aspects include: children can recognize good, polite, and bad behavior, and children can get used to behaving well.
Electrochemical Performance of Cupric Oxide Loaded Carbon Nanotubes as Electrode Material for CO2 Reduction
Authors: Shamsah Sami M. Ibn
Published: April 2021

This study is conducted to explore the effective and stable electrode materials for electrochemical reduction of CO2. The different compositions (3 - 8%) CuO-supported CNT samples were prepared by a traditional sol-gel method, and the prepared materials were characterized by TGA, SEM, TEM, FTIR and XRD. The characterization results confirmed the uniform impregnation of CuO on the defects of the CNT's, which improved the utilization of meso and microporous distribution in the prepared electrocatalyst. The high surface area and stability of CuO- CNTs allowed dual conduction of electron and intermediate species with high current density at minimum energy supplied. Linear sweep voltammetry and Chronoamperometry were used to measure the electrode's current density and stability, respectively, and 8 % CuO- CNT was found most stable and progressive composition to reduce the CO2 efficiently. Further, the liquid products were analyzed using the gas chromatography, and 20 % faradic efficiency of methane was measured.
Antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of different fractions of acetone extract from flowers of Dipterocarpus intricatus Dyer (Dipterocarpaceae)
Authors: Le Hong Thia , Luu Thao Nguyen , Nguyen Huynh Mai Thu , Nguyen Dang HoaiTrang , Le Pham Tan Quoc , Trịnh Ngọc Nam , Le Van Son , Nguyen Hoang Dung , Van Thien Hong
Published: April 2021

This study has shown for the first time the antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity of 3 fractions of acetone extract, including hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate from flowers of Dipterocarpus intricatus. Antibacterial test using disc diffusion method showed that the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions inhibited the growth of all the tested bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus while the hexane fraction showed the antibacterial activity against B. cereus and S. enteritidis. Antioxidant activity and cancer cell resistance of those extracts were conducted using DPPH and MTT methods respectively. As a result, the DPPH radical scavenging activity of the hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were determined with the IC50 values of 0.508, 0.22 and 0.075 mg/mL respectively while the cytotoxicity to HepG2 cell line of those fractions was 163.3 ppm, 106.7 ppm and 459.3 ppm. These results suggested the potential application of these fractions isolated from D. intricatus flowers as the natural antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic agents for medicine.
Incidence des interventions non pharmaceutiques sur la détection de l’influenza A et B en laboratoire au Canada
Authors: Lagacé-Wiens Philippe , Sevenhuysen Claire , Lee Liza , Nwosu Andrea , Smith Tiffany
Published: April 2021

Contexte : Le premier cas de maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) a été signalé au Canada le 25 janvier 2020. En réponse à l’imminence d’une éclosion, de nombreuses autorités sanitaires provinciales et territoriales ont mis en œuvre des mesures de santé publique non pharmaceutiques pour freiner la propagation de la maladie. Les mesures de « distanciation sociale » comprenaient des restrictions sur les rassemblements de groupes, l’annulation d’événements et de rassemblements sportifs, culturels et religieux, la recommandation du maintien d’une distance physique entre les personnes, la fermeture d’écoles et de garderies, la réduction des services non essentiels et la fermeture d’entreprises. Objectifs : Évaluer l’incidence des interventions non pharmaceutiques combinées imposées en mars 2020 sur l’épidémiologie de l’influenza (grippe) A et B en comparant les données de surveillance des laboratoires nationaux de la période d’intervention avec les données historiques de contrôle de la saison grippale sur 9 ans. Méthodes : Nous avons obtenu des données épidémiologiques sur les détections de l’influenza A et B en laboratoire et les volumes de tests du système national canadien de surveillance de l’influenza pour la période épidémiologique allant du 29 décembre 2019 (semaine épidémiologique 1) au 2 mai 2020 (semaine épidémiologique 18). Des mesures de distanciation sociale liées à la COVID-19 ont été mises en œuvre au Canada à partir de la semaine épidémiologique 10 de cette période. Nous avons comparé les seuils de détection de l’influenza A et B en laboratoire et les volumes de tests et les tendances en matière de détection pendant la saison grippale 2019–2020 avec ceux des neuf saisons grippales précédentes afin de mettre en évidence les changements de tendances épidémiologiques. Résultats : Les détections de l’influenza la semaine précédant la mise en œuvre des mesures de distanciation sociale ne diffèrent pas statistiquement des neuf saisons précédentes; toutefois, une forte baisse de la positivité s’est produite entre les semaines épidémiologiques 10 et 14 (du 8 mars au 4 avril 2020). Le pourcentage de cas positif à la semaine 14 (p ≤ 0,001) et le taux de diminution entre les semaines 10 et 14 (p = 0,003) étaient tous deux significativement différents des données historiques moyennes. Conclusion : Les données montrent une diminution spectaculaire des détections de l’influenza A et B en laboratoire, parallèlement aux mesures de distanciation sociale et aux interventions non pharmaceutiques au Canada. L’incidence de ces mesures sur la transmission de l’influenza peut être généralisable à d’autres maladies virales respiratoires pendant la période d’étude, y compris la COVID-19.
Measles surveillance in Canada, 2019
Authors: Coulby Cameron , Reyes Domingo Francesca , Hiebert Joanne , Squires Susan G
Published: April 2021

Background: The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) has conducted enhanced measles surveillance since 1998, the year endemic measles transmission was eliminated in Canada. The objective of this annual national measles surveillance report is to provide an epidemiologic summary of measles activity reported in Canada for 2019 in order to provide evidence to support the continued verification of Canada’s measles elimination status. Methods: Measles surveillance data are housed in the Canadian Measles and Rubella Surveillance System (CMRSS) database. Descriptive analyses of demographics and risk factors were performed. Outbreak characteristics were summarized and genotypic analyses conducted. Surveillance, laboratory and vaccine coverage data for 2019 were used to assess Canada’s status against the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) essential criteria for the verification of measles elimination. Results: In 2019, 113 measles cases were reported in Canada (crude incidence rate of 3.0 cases per 1,000,000 population). Of these cases, 42 (37%) were imported into Canada, and of the imported cases, 12 (29%) resulted in further transmission. Infants younger than one year had the highest age-specific incidence rate at 13.1 cases per 1,000,000 population. Only 29% of cases had one or more documented doses of measles-containing vaccine. One-fifth (19%) of cases were hospitalized; no deaths were reported. Genotype information was available for 100% of outbreaks reported in 2019 and 90% of non-outbreak-related measles cases; of cases with genotype information available, 27% were B3 and 73% were D8. Conclusion: Despite meeting/partially meeting only three out of four of PAHO’s essential criteria for measles elimination status, there is no evidence that endemic measles transmission has been reestablished in Canada.
Knowledge brokering on infectious diseases for public health
Authors: Haworth-Brockman Margaret , Keynan Yoav
Published: April 2021

The National Collaborating Centres (NCCs) for Public Health (NCCPH) were established in 2005 as part of the federal government’s commitment to renew and strengthen public health following the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic. They were set up to support knowledge translation for more timely use of scientific research and other knowledges in public health practice, programs and policies in Canada. Six centres comprise the NCCPH, including the National Collaborating Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCCID). The NCCID works with public health practitioners to find, understand and use research and evidence on infectious diseases and related determinants of health. The NCCID has a mandate to forge connections between those who generate and those who use infectious diseases knowledge. As the first article in a series on the NCCPH, we describe our role in knowledge brokering and the numerous methods and products that we have developed. In addition, we illustrate how NCCID has been able to work with public health to generate and share knowledge during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.