bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forecasting the efficiency of multicomponent computer systems
Authors: Gorbachuk Vasyl , Dunaievskyi Maksym , Suleimanov Seit-Bekir
Published: August 2021

The advantages and disadvantages of Mooreʼs, Hilderʼs, Amdalʼs, Gustafson-Barsis laws known in the field of information and communication technologies are shown, offering the necessary mathematical apparatus for constructing similar laws for predicting the efficiency of modern multicomponent computing systems. This apparatus includes both the parameters of the components of computer systems, and possible interdependencies between those parameters. In general, forecasting the efficiency of computer systems requires detailed documentation of the work of computer systems of the class given (the series given) on certain types of tasks with subsequent processing of the data obtained. The collection and processing of this data must take place and be recorded in the dynamics with assistance of appropriate smart sensors of the Internet of Things class.
Numerical analysis of mathematical model for CO oxidation on platinum
Authors: Kostrobij Petro , Ryzha Iryna
Published: August 2021

In the paper a study of a two-dimensional mathematical model of carbon monoxide oxidation on the Pt catalyst surface according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism is presented. This model takes into account the nanoinhomogeneities of Pt(110) surface and diffusion processes of CO molecules and oxygen atoms adsorbed on the catalyst surface. It is shown that the structural changes of Pt(110) surface significantly affect the character of oscillatory mode of reaction, whereas the adsorbed oxygen atoms can be considered immobile.
Focus on the dabrafenib, vemurafenib, and trametinib in clinical outcome of melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Widya Anjani Ida Ayu , Indrakusuma Anak Agung Bagus Putra , Arim Sadeva I Gede Krisna , Wulandari Putri Ayu , Rusyati Luh Made Mas , Sudarsa Prima Sanjiwani Saraswati , Supadmanaba I Gede Putu , Wihandani Desak Made
Published: August 2021

Background: Melanoma is the most serious lethal skin cancer, affects the melanin producer cells (melanocytes). Surgery is the most common treatment, whereas for the advance stage the development of a treatment is recommended. BRAF (Dabrafenib and Vemurafenib) inhibitor or MEK inhibitor (Trametinib) is used as the most frequently targeted therapy of melanoma due to more than 80% patient with positive BRAF mutation. In this review, those treatments will be investigated systematically to identify their clinical outcome.Method: This systematic literature review (SLR) was performed from Cochrane, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Pubmed. Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool RoB2 is used to assess RCT studies and New-castle Ottawa Scale Assessment to assess cohort studies by 3 different assessors. Data analysis was carried out by using Review Manager (RevMan 5.4). Heterogenicity test was assessed by I2 Â and Chi2 statisticResult: There are 20 studies used in this article (13 RCT and 7 cohorts). The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of study that using targeted therapy (vemurafenib, trametinib, or dabrafenib) compare other therapies (chemotherapy, immunotherapy,etc) showed risk ratio (RR) was 1.12 (95%CI 1.07,1.17;Â  I2=100%; p<0,00001). The OS and PFS with monotherapy compare of vemurafenib, trametinib, or dabrafenib with combination therapy showed RR was 1.09 (95%CI.06,1.13;I2=99%; p<0,00001). Conclusion: BRAF and MEK targeted therapy has a good prognosis for a patient with a positive BRAF gene mutation and could be combined with other therapy for a better clinical outcome rather than monotherapy.Keyword: melanoma, dabrafenib, vemurafenib, and trametinib
Systematic review of melasma treatments: advantages and disadvantages
Authors: Suryantari Sang Ayu Arta , Sweta Ni Putu Tamara Bidari , Veronica Elvina , Hartawan I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Rai Mulya , Karna Ni Luh Putu Ratih Vibriyanti
Published: August 2021

Background: Melasma is an acquired chronic hyperpigmentation mostly affecting women. The pathogenesis of melasma is uncertain but it predominant related to ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Due to chronic and relapsing nature, melasma is challenging to treat. The current available treatment often has undesirable side effects and suboptimal results. The principal of treatment includes protect from UV radiation, inhibit melanin synthesize and increase pathway to remove melanin. Objectives: To define available treatments for melasma and determine advantages and disadvantages including topical, oral and procedural. Method: Medline, Cochrane library and PubMed database were searched for articles from January 2011 to June 2020. Only RCTs, comparative, prospective, retrospective and systematic reviews focusing on melasma treatments were extracted, analyzed and discussed. Results: We found 197 studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria with 2314 participants included in this review. The treatments included topical, oral and procedural. In several studies, hydroquinone alone or combination remains the most effective treatment for melasma. Oral and topical tranexamic acid have been found to be a useful adjuvant treatment in refractory melasma with minimal adverse effects. Procedural treatment such as chemical peels, laser and light-based therapies, and microneedling have a mixed and unpredictable result. Overall, the side effects tend to be mild and affect few of the subject.Conclusions: The current state of the evidence suggests that some treatments with multiple modalities have their respective advantages and disadvantages. The choice of treatment modality must be adjusted according to the type of melasma such as its severity, extent and location. A better understanding of melasma through the further research may improve the therapy options with the least adverse effects.
Enhancing Students’ Critical Thinking in Writing Through Group Investigation Strategy Assisted by Digital Story Board Media
Authors: Ginting Pirman , Hasnah Yenni , Utami Dinda Sari
Published: August 2021

This research deals with classroom action research aiming to enhance students' critical thinking in writing through the application of group investigation strategies assisted by digital storyboard media. The study was carried out in cycles following Kemmis’ cycle process. The subjects of this study were 33 grade X students of SMA Al-Hikmah Medan in 2019/2020 academic year. The data were collected by employing observation, field-note and writing test. After completing the study, the result shows that the implementation of group investigation strategy assisted by digital story board media significantly improved students’ critical thinking in writing. This is represented by the increase of students’ writing achievement, students’ learning activities and teacher’s performance in teaching. In the first cycle, the number of students passing the standard qualifying of writing set by the school was only 13 students (39.39 %) and improved substantially in cycle two reaching 26 students (78.79 %). The students’ learning activity also progressed considerably as presented in the average score from 67.6% in cycle one to 86% in cycle two. Further, the improvement of teacher’ teaching performance between cycle one and cycle two achieved 23.36% or from 66% in cycle one to 89.36%.
Using Board Game Through TTW Strategy in Descriptive Writing
Authors: Muntiari Nur Sholikha , Megawati Fika
Published: August 2021

This research aims to find out the effect of using board game through TTW strategy on seventh grade students’ writing skill in descriptive text. Quasi-experimental design was implemented to the seventh grade in one of junior high school. The subject of this study was the whole population of seventh grade students in junor high school, in total 81 students. The data collection was taken from pre-test and post-test. The average score of experimental group is 73.81, and the average score of control group is 57.46. Moreover, the hypothesis test shows that Ho is rejected because tcounting (5.71) is higher than ttable (2.31). In TTW strategy the students collaborate between three activities those are Think, Talk, and Write. TTW strategy is more effective becausethe students have enough time in learning process in a class. Additionally, the result of this study indicates that using board game through TTW strategy gives significant effect for developing English writing skill.
From the History of the Formation of Criminal Investigation in Donbass (1900–1917)
Authors: Groshevaya Victoria
Published: August 2021

Introduction: at all stages of national history, the criminal police units occupied and still occupy a dominant place in the system of internal affairs bodies. The appeal to the historical experience of the formation and activities of the detective police as a specialized body of criminal investigation of the police service on the territory of the Donetsk coal basin acquires special scientific and practical relevance, allowing to reveal the prerequisites for the creation of units of this service in the region, analyze their financial and staffing, features of combating crime in the local measurement. The purpose of the article is to study the aspects and patterns of the formation and development of criminal investigation in the early twentieth century. on the territory of Donbass, analysis of the organizational and legal framework for the activities of these units. Methods: the methodological basis of the research is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, including the method of historicism, the method of consistency, the method of analysis and the comparative legal method. Results: the article examines the most important normative legal acts of that time, the provisions of which affect the issues of improving the legal regulation of combating crime, as well as the organization of the work of detective (operational) departments of the internal affairs bodies. The main aspects and patterns of the formation and development of criminal investigation in the territory of Donbass at the beginning of the 20th century are revealed. Conclusions: formation of the criminal investigation service at the beginning of the twentieth century. in the pre-revolutionary Donbass took place in the conditions of a more complicated operational situation, taking into account the specifics of the ongoing socio-economic processes, the features of the industrial development of a large industrial region. On the example of Donbass, the article shows the dependence of the growth of the effectiveness of the fight against crime on the level of legal regulation of these social relations, the successful organization of the work of criminal investigation.
The Functions of the State Transport Security System
Authors: Zajkova Svetlana
Published: August 2021

Introduction: the functioning of the state system for ensuring transport safety is based on the Russian legislation that defines the goals, objectives, principles and legal status of participants in transport legal relations. The main branch of the federal law on transport security leaves open the list of measures that make up the content of the system, does not define its main functions. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the international and Russian legislation and the opinions of the scientists of various branches of law regarding the formation of a stable security system. Objective: to develop proposals for a system of measures to ensure transport security, to define and systematize the function of this system. Methods: the study was conducted using the general scientific and specific scientific (logical and legal, comparative and legal) methods of cognition. Results: the author has structured and supplemented the legally established system of measures to ensure transport security, defined and systematized the functions of the system. This study has the possibility of practical application when making changes to the legislation regulating the area of legal relations under consideration. Conclusions: the state system for ensuring transport security is a set of legal, economic, organizational, information, technical, technological and political measures taken in the field of the transport complex and aimed at its safe and sustainable functioning. Based on the target content and tools for regulating transport security, the following functions of the system are identified: strategic (target), regulatory (legal), organizational, informational, incentive and control.
The Coordination of Activities of the Law Enforcement Agencies in the Fight Against Crime
Authors: Azarova Ekaterina , Vnukov Vyacheslav
Published: August 2021

Introduction: in modern Russian society, the fight against crime requires the legislative regulation. Crime is a multifaceted phenomenon that is becoming more complex in parallel with the development of society. Its growth makes it necessary to research the fundamentals of the theory and practice of coordinating the activities of the law enforcement agencies in the fight against crime. The important factors from the point of view of the state of coordination activities are their proper organizational support, the development of the right strategies and tactics when performing the necessary actions, as well as their effective use by the law enforcement agencies to curb criminal activity. The authors of the paper set the goal of the study, which is to analyze the coordination activities of the law enforcement agencies in the fight against crime. Methods: the methodological framework for the research is the dialectical-materialistic method of cognition, which includes the elements of system analysis, and the specific scientific methods, such as the logical and legal one. Results: based on the legal analysis, the content of coordination activities as the effective coordinated actions in the fight against crime is revealed. Conclusions: it is revealed that there is a need to adopt a special law aimed at improving the status of prosecutors in the framework of these coordination activities.
The Coordination of the Activities of the Law Enforcement Agencies for the Prevention and Detection of Crimes Committed by Minors
Authors: Muraev Pyotr , Muraev Roman , Andryushchenko Olga
Published: August 2021

Introduction: the crime rate of the minor category of the population is currently not decreasing, as evidenced by the statistical data indicated in the paper. The increase in the level of its public danger exacerbates the criminal situation in the Russian Federation, including the Volgograd region. To combat this destructive phenomenon, it is necessary to consolidate the efforts of all the law enforcement agencies by coordinating their activities. In this regard, the development and introduction of effective prevention measures among minors are relevant. The purpose of the paper: to identify the promising areas for improving the efficiency of the law enforcement management. Objectives: to describe the concept of “coordination”, the essence and content of the coordination activities of the law enforcement agencies to combat juvenile delinquency; to analyze the legislative framework for the coordination of the law enforcement agencies to combat juvenile delinquency and to identify practical problems in its implementation; to propose the main directions for improving the regulatory and legal support of the coordination activities of the law enforcement agencies. Methods: the authors used the general scientific, systemic, and institutional research methods, as well as the methods of legal statistics, which made it possible to solve the tasks set for the research team. Results: the problems in the youth environment are characterized, the promising areas of prevention of juvenile delinquency are identified, and the results of the fight against youth crime in the city of Volgograd, the Volgograd Region and the country as a whole are shown using the methods of legal statistics. Conclusions: in order to improve the coordination of the law enforcement system for the prevention of juvenile delinquency, the authors of the paper suggest that, on a coordinated basis, with the participation of prevention subjects, they seek the solutions to the problems of youth employment, organize events together with the operational units in order to identify criminal groups, separate these groups; regularly conduct preventive work with their relatives.
The Effects of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu on Body Composition, Health Fitness, Functional Movement Screening in non-Elite Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Kang Suh-Jung , He Zheyu
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) has grown massively in recent years, but its positive effects in non-elite population has not been analyzed. The purpose of current study was to exam the effects of BJJ on body composition, health fitness components, and functional movement screening (FMS) in healthy young adults.METHODS Combined exercise program was composed of aerobic and resistance exercises. All participants were randomly assigned either into BJJ exercise group (BJEG, n=10, 28.10±2.64 years) or combined exercise group (CEG, n=10, 28.20±3.43 years). Exercise intervention was conducted for ninety minutes per session, three times per week for twelve weeks.RESULTS Body fat (%) and muscle mass (kg) were significantly improved in both groups. Muscle strength in upper and lower extremity, muscle endurance, flexibility, power were significantly improved in both groups. Cardiorespiratory fitness in BJEG was significantly improved. Also, FMS total score and deep squat score showed significant improvement in both groups.CONCLUSIONS BJJ is an effective exercise for health and fitness management purpose in non-elite healthy young adults.
O SISTEMA DE INSPEÇÃO DO ENSINO NA PRIMEIRA METADE DO SÉCULO XX NO PARANÁ
Authors: Santi Denize Naiara , Schelbauer Analete Regina , Castanha André Paulo
Published: August 2021

Neste artigo investigamos a organização da inspeção do ensino no Paraná na primeira metade do século XX, pois, é pertinente para compreender o processo de organização da educação, considerando que a inspeção intervinha em diversos âmbitos do ambiente escolar, tanto administrativos como pedagógicos. O recorte temporal está baseado na legislação educacional, iniciando em 1901, no qual temos a primeira legislação paranaense do século XX, voltada à educação e vai até a metade do século, pois a última legislação sobre a inspeção foi em 1938, mantendo-se em vigor até depois de 1950. As fontes de análise foram a legislação, relatórios, jornais, livros dentre outros documentos do período, considerados como fontes primárias, e bibliografias sobre o tema. No texto, enfatizamos a importância da inspeção do ensino na organização da educação e na efetivação de legislações educacionais, e investigamos a forma como a inspeção do ensino se organizou no período. A partir da análise inferimos que a inspetoria exercia papel fundamental na organização do ensino primário, e para isso, a inspeção tinha uma estrutura complexa, que se distribuía ao longo de todo o Estado, com intuito de fiscalizar e disseminar um modelo de ensino. Além disso, os inspetores escolares se configuravam em intermediários entre as escolas/professores e o Governo, pois era por meio de seus relatórios que havia a troca de informações entre esses setores.
Fatigue performance of geosynthetic-reinforced asphalt layers
Authors: Kumar V. V. , Saride S. , Zornberg J. G.
Published: August 2021

This study aims at understanding the influence of different geosynthetic reinforcements on the fatigue performance of asphalt layers and the corresponding mechanisms involved. Three different types of geosynthetic reinforcement, namely a biaxial polypropylene geogrid (PP), a polyester geogrid coated with a polymer-modified binder (PET) and a glass geogrid composite (GGC), were employed to understand the fatigue behaviour of asphalt layers via an asphalt beam fatigue test (ABFT) along with the use of digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. The ABFT results suggest that incorporating geosynthetic reinforcement in the asphalt layers improved the fatigue performance by factors of 11, 27, and 38 for the PP, PET, and GGC specimens, respectively. With the aid of DIC, the mechanisms involved in enhancing the fatigue performance of asphalt layers were effectively evaluated. At failure, a maximum tensile strain of 11.2% was obtained using DIC in control specimens against maximum strain values ranging from 2.7 to 3.8% in geosynthetic-reinforced asphalt specimens. Reductions in layer thickness for the geosynthetic-reinforced asphalt layers on the order of 5.9% (PP), 17.6% (PET), and 23.5% (GGC) were established for the geosynthetics evaluated in this study, based on test results adopted in a design example.
Damage of geotextile due to impact of stones
Authors: Bezuijen A. , Izadi E.
Published: August 2021

Impact tests of stones on a geotextile or two loosely connected geotextiles (composites) have been performed and analysed to investigate the mechanisms that lead to perforation. The geotextiles were mounted on a concrete cylinder of 0.8 m internal diameter, filled with uniformly graded dry sand. Drop tests were performed with concrete blocks of different shapes weighing approximately 40 kg. The drop heights varied between 0.25 and 5.5 m. Results show that the shape of the stone has an important influence on the critical drop height at which the geotextile is perforated. Furthermore, it appeared from image processing that the tensile strains in a woven geotextile develop in the direction of the yarns, starting from the point of impact. However, in a nonwoven geotextile, the tensile strains develop rather uniformly centred at the point of impact. An important result for composite material consisting of a woven and a nonwoven geotextile was that the lower geotextile was always the first to be damaged. This was also found in the field tests. A possible explanation is the friction between the sand and the lower geotextile, resulting in an additional tensile loading on that geotextile. This explanation is confirmed by numerical simulations.
Factors affecting multicomponent GCL-geomembrane interface transmissivity for landfills
Authors: Kerry Rowe R. , Jabin F.
Published: August 2021

A series of laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the interface transmissivity, θ, between a 1.5 mm thick high-density polyethylene geomembrane (GMB) and a multicomponent geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) when permeated with a simulated municipal solid waste landfill leachate under a range of applied stresses (10–150 kPa). The effect of three different prehydration fluids, a 4 mm diameter central coating defect, coating defect position, and the effect of coating orientation of the GCL were investigated. It was found that at an applied stress of less than 70 kPa, the effect of these factors on θ was largely masked by the variability in the initial interface contact condition between the GMB and GCL. At 100–150 kPa, the effects of initial variability were largely eliminated, but there was no notable effect of other factors for multicomponent GCLs on interface transmissivity.
Metacognição, perfil empreendedor e percepção de sucesso
Authors: Estrela Pedro Marlus Cavalcante de Albuquerque , Bruni Adriano Leal , Lima Filho Raimundo Nonato
Published: August 2021

Este estudo buscou identificar em que medida a metacognição exerce efeito sobre a percepção de sucesso, mediada pelo perfil empreendedor. A amostra analisada envolveu 194 egressos dos cursos de Administração, Ciências Contábeis e Economia de instituições de ensino superior públicas e privadas do estado de Sergipe. Os procedimentos envolveram o uso de modelagem de equações estruturais e os resultados indicaram que a orientação de objetivos apresenta relação significativa direta e indireta com a percepção de sucesso. O conhecimento metacognitivo e a experiência metacognitiva possuem relações indiretas significativas com a percepção de sucesso, e esta relação ocorre com as dimensões “autorrealização” e “líder” do perfil empreendedor. Como contribuição deste estudo, identificaram-se características metacognitivas que podem ser aperfeiçoadas para melhorar a percepção de sucesso, como, por exemplo: definir frequentemente objetivos; compreender a relação entre tarefas e objetivos; estabelecer objetivos específicos; avaliar com frequência o progresso de uma tarefa; selecionar a melhor opção para a resolução de problemas; usar estratégias assertivas no passado; obter conhecimento prévio de uma tarefa; fragmentar problemas em pequenas partes; pensar antes de realizar uma tarefa; usar diferentes estratégias; organizar o tempo e informações; selecionar informações importantes; e utilizar a intuição para formular estratégias.
Suggestions for Designing Test Specimens and Testing Procedures to Impregnate Wood Material by Pre-vacuumed Immersion Method Realized Using a Special Device
Authors: USTA İlker
Published: August 2021

This study, which promised remarkable contributions for designing of experimental samples and trial device to treat wood by pre-vacuumed immersion method, was conducted to test the impregnability of wood material according to the pre-vacuumed immersion process and to reveal the usability of plug (cylindrical) samples in impregnation experiments in addition to the cuboid (rectangular prism) samples. In this perspective, samples to be subjected to immersion test were initially dried to an average moisture content of 12% and than prepared for the flow pathways to determine the possible preservative uptake as the percentage of void volume filled and net dry salt retention in radial and longitudinal flow pathways, and in triplex [i.e. three flow pathways including tangential flow] and than impregnated using with 3% concentration of boron compound by normal and pre-vacuumed immersion method based on the immersion of 120 minutes, and pre-vacuum process of 30 minutes at –0,84 bar (640 mmHg). According to the experimental evidences that have been provided, it was observed that the preparation techniques for cuboids and plugs were suitable with each other in terms of the preservative uptake in either flow pathway, while the preparation process and the period of the data collection were shorter in plugs than that for cuboids. And samples impregnated by pre-vacuumed immersion method were determined to have a slightly higher preservative uptake than those impregnated with normal immersion method. At this point, it was also observed that in both experimental arrangements, the level of preservative uptake was minimal in radial samples compared to longitudinal samples. Therefore, based on the outcomes of this study, some remarks and recommendations for future work can be deduced on the use of plugs and cuboids, and also pre-vacuumed immersion process in the context of permeability examinations of any wood material.
Effect of The Filler Type and Particle Distribution Changes on Polyester Matrix Composites
Authors: EREN Şevki , SUBAŞI Serkan
Published: August 2021

In this study, the effect of the usage of additives at different initiator ratios as well as the usage of fillers of different types and different grain distributions on resin consumption and compressive strength of polyester matrix composites were investigated. Orthophthalic unsaturated polyester resin (UP) was used as a matrix. The initiator (methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) at the ratio of 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% and the accelerator (cobalt octoate) at the ratio of 1.0% by weight was used to start the polymerization. Silica, basalt, and quartz sand were used as the filler type. All fillings used in the study were prepared in the grain size distribution of the American Foundry Society (AFS 40-45) and in the grain size distribution determined by reference to the Fuller equation (F 1.0). Resin consumption and pressure resistances of produced composites were determined, and SEM analyses were carried out. As a result of the study, in all filled composites, the minimum resin consumption was achieved at a starting rate of 1.0%. The highest compressive strength was determined as 130.43 MPa in the basalt filled composite and in the AFS40-45 grain distribution.
Photoluminescence Investigation of Tb Doped Yb2O3 Phosphors Produced by Precipitation Method
Authors: UNAL Fatma
Published: August 2021

Un-doped and Tb doped ytterbium oxide (Yb2O3:Tb3+) particles with different dopant rates (2, 4, 6 and 8 at. %) were produced by precipitation method, subsequently by calcination at 1000 °C for 2 h. The crystal structure of all the particles had cubic Yb2O3 structure. The presence of Tb ion in Yb2O3 host structure has been proven from the XRD results. The crystal structure expanded compared to un-doped Yb2O3 particles with the dopant addition confirming lattice parameter (LP) values. LP and crystallite size (CS) values were in the range of 10.428 – 10.596 Å and 16 – 25 nm, respectively. Only one sharp peak was observed at 506 nm corresponding to 5D4 – 7F6 transition (green emission) from photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the phosphor particles. The PL emission intensities were strongly dependent on both CS and dopant rate. However, the dopant rate was more effective on the PL intensity than the CS.
Revisión sistemática acerca de las tendencias investigativas del sexting consensuado en el marco en el marco de la cibersexualidad adolescente
Authors: Sanhueza Cornejos Cynthia
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo revisar la literatura disponible sobre sexting adolescente consensuado. Se realizó mediante la revisión sistemática evidenciada en la literatura científica y contenida en la base de datos Pubmed, durante el período 2019 y 2020. Se encontraron 4 artículos, la mayoría de ellos desarrollados en Estados Unidos. El nivel de evidencia científica oscila entre buena y moderada (grados I.a y II.b), procedentes de estudios controlados y cuasiexperimentales y el grado de recomendación fue B. Las categorías encontradas corresponden a la posible relación entre la sexualidad virtual normativa y dual, los impactos positivos del sexting consensuado y los grados de satisfación sexual, afectividad y aceptación que presentan los/as adolescentes que lo practican.
Contributo da metodologia de cuidado humanitude para a gestão das emoções na pandemia
Authors: Temponi dos Santos Andréa , Carvalho de Melo Rosa Cândida , Lúcio Henriques Liliana Vanessa , Temponi Beatriz , Martins Amélia , Marchi Evaldi
Published: August 2021

As emoções possuem um forte impacto sobre as nossas percepções, nossas memórias, nossos pensamentos, nossa capacidade de ajuizamento e sobre o nosso comportamento. A compreensão dos comportamentos e das emoções manifestadas pela pessoa cuidada, nomeadamente em situação de fragilidade e de vulnerabilidade, é fundamental para o seu bem-estar, sendo importante a implementação de metodologias de cuidado promotoras de sentimentos positivos, por parte dos cuidadores. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as emoções percebidas pela direção de 6 residências para idosos no período de confinamento, devido à pandemia COVID-19, e identificar os contributos da Metodologia de Cuidado Humanitude (MCH) para a gestão dessas emoções. Realizou-se um estudo multicasos descritivo, sendo os dados coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com um membro da direção técnica de cada uma das residências. Foi realizada análise de conteúdo, aos dados obtidos, seguindo o modelo de Bardin, sendo organizados em categorias e subcategorias. Foram evidenciadas as seguintes emoções negativas: tristeza, apreensão, menosprezo, ansiedade e indignação, percebidas pelas dirigentes, tanto nos profissionais quanto nas pessoas cuidadas no período de confinamento frente à pandemia do COVID-19. Porém, houve a percepção de que a implementação dos principios da MCH, contribuiu para a minimização de emoções negativas e potenciou emoções positivas gerando mais otimismo, confiança e alegria em todos os envolvidos. Torna-se, pois, fundamental apropriação dos principios da MCH, por parte dos cuidadores, facilitadores da interação com a pessoa cuidada, promovendo sentimentos de bem-estar, mesmo em situação de grande vulnerabilidade e fragilidade, como é o caso da pandemia por COVID-19, vivenciada pelos idosos institucionalizados.
Avaliação da qualidade de vida na população portuguesa
Authors: Andrade Lopes Marilene , Roças Parente Jéssica Andreia , Morais Brás Manuel Alberto , Pereira Geraldes Maria Fátima , Garcia Jorge Anes Eugénia Maria
Published: August 2021

Nas últimas décadas a avaliação da qualidade de vida das populações tem sido constante, quer em termos gerais, quer em populações específicas, muitas vezes utilizadas para avaliar o impacto das intervenções de saúde. O seu conceito podeser diverso mediante o contexto ou a diferente perceção dossujeitos. A Organização Mundial de Saúde entende-a como a perceção que um indivíduo tem sobre a sua posição na vida, no seu contexto, atendendo aos seus objetivos, expetativas, padrões e preocupações. A saúde e a qualidade de vida são dois conceitos com uma relação incontestável, uma vez que “a saúde contribui para melhorar a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos e esta é determinante essencial para que os indivíduos ou a comunidade tenham saúde. Assim pretendemos avaliar a qualidade de vida nos indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Para tal, optámos por realizar um estudo descritivo de cariz transversal com uma abordagem quantitativa. Foi usada uma metodologia denominada bola de neve ou snowball sampling, sendo uma técnica de amostragem não probabilística. Foi utilizado um questionário constituído por questões de caraterização e pelo SF-36v2 (The Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form Health Survey). Este é um questionário genérico de saúde, com 36 itens que avaliam a dimensão física, emocional e social, assim como os desempenhos físico e emocional, a dor e a saúde geral e vitalidade. A colheita de dados foie efetuada em 2020. Foram tidos em conta os preceitos éticos aplicados a este tipo de estudos, tendo em conta a Declaração de Helsínquia e Convenção de Oviedo. A amostra é constituída por 135 indivíduos, maioritariamente do sexo feminino (68,15%), com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 63 anos. São maioritariamente solteiros (60,74%), licenciados (50,37%), residentes em zona urbana (70,37%). Relativamente ao estado de saúde, percecionam-na boa e excelente (48,88%), comparativamente a um ano atrás 45,93% percecionam-na semelhante. Em termos físicos, sentem quase sempre vitalidade 37,5% dos questionados e algumas vezes 27,94%. Em termos psicológicos e emocionais 43,38% sentem tranquilidade e calma a maior parte do tempo e 23,53 sentem algum tempo. Mais de 50% não sentem qualquer limitação nas atividades quer física quer psicológica ou emocional. Sentem-se tão saudáveis ou mais como os outros 62,24%. Estes resultados permitem-nos concluir que em geral os participantes apresentam bons índices de qualidade de vida relacionada. Resultados semelhantes foram encontrados no que respeita à saúde física e saúde emocional. O tamanho da amostra pode ser considerado como limite desta investigação. Estas avaliações permitem a identificação dos determinantes da saúde e facilitam aos a tomada de decisão.
Privacidade e autonomia de um adulto con deficiência intelectual
Authors: Silva Wertonge Geovana , Fernandes de Castro Sabrina , Brutti Lehnhart Gabriela
Published: August 2021

No presente estudo, buscou-se conhecer os aspectos relacionados a Privacidade e Autonomia na vida de um adulto com deficiência intelectual, bem como analisar se interferem na execução das atividades de vida doméstica, de vida comunitária e aprendizagem ao longo da vida. Dessa forma, utilizou-se como abordagem a pesquisa estudo de caso. Participaram da pesquisa um adulto (38 anos) com deficiência intelectual (DI) e sua mãe (63 anos). Tendo em vista a situação de pandemia do COVID-19, no ano de 2020/2021, a pesquisa foi realizada por meio da plataforma Google Meet, tendo três fontes de dados: a Escala de Intensidade de Apoios (SIS), aplicação I (2019) e II (2020), entrevista semi-estruturada aplicada com o adulto com DI e Protocolo de Observação Participante. Com isso, através da análise dos resultados do estudo, destaca-se a ocorrência de oportunidades do adulto expor seus sentimentos, planos futuros e desejos, quando a mãe não estava presente nos encontros. Em relação aos níveis de apoio em atividades que demandam Privacidade e Autonomia em relação a três domínios da SIS: vida doméstica, vida comunitária e aprendizagem ao longo da vida, foi evidenciado nos dados da aplicação II da SIS, uma diminuição dos índices de necessidade de apoio nos três domínios. Portanto, evidencia-se a importância de trabalhar as questões de Autonomia, Privacidade, Autodeterminação e Auto advocacia, no desenvolvimento de pessoas com DI na vida adulta.
Influencia de la metodología constructivista sobre la motivación en la etapa de educación infantil
Authors: Montesinos García Mª Victoria , Navarro Asencio Enrique
Published: August 2021

La motivación tiene un peso importante en Educación Infantil. Esta es un constructo que tiene vital importancia en el desarrollo del niño. Por ello, el objetivo principal de estudio es comprobar el efecto de dos metodologías de enseñanza distintas en el grado de motivación en Educación Infantil. La metodología empleada en esta investigación se enmarca dentro de de los diseños cuasi-experimentales, de carácter cuantitativo, con un procedimiento pre-test – post-test con un grupo de control no equivalente. Se ha diseñado un instrumento adhoc que evalúa el nivel de motivación inicial de los estudiantes y se analiza la motivación al final de una intervención. El instrumento se ha aplicado a una muestra de 73 alumnos de 4 y 5 años de un colegio público de la Región de Murcia. Se estudiaron las diferencias iniciales entre los grupo y se aplicó estadística no paramétrica, calculando los tamaños del efecto para establecer las diferencias entre los dos grupos. Los resultados muestran que la motivación total de los alumnos que formaban las aulas experimentales y trabajaron con una metodología constructivista, aumenta considerablemente tras la aplicación de las actividades, obteniendo los valores más significativos en la motivación intrínseca. Los resultados permiten demostrar que la motivación de los alumnos es mayor cuando estos trabajan con actividades experimentales, vivenciales y manipulativas aplicadas en base a una metodología constructivista.
Impacto da covid-19 em idosos institucionalizados em estruturas residenciais para pessoas idosas
Authors: Pimentel Maria Helena , Pereira Fernando , Teixeira Cristina
Published: August 2021

A institucionalização dos idosos em Estruturas Residenciais para Pessoas Idosas (ERPI), necessária devido às dinâmicas populacionais e familiares das sociedades ocidentais envelhecidas, sempre levantou questões sobre a qualidade de vida e segurança dos idosos. Vários modelos de institucionalização de longa duração foram teorizados, conceptualizados e levados à prática. Contudo, foi precisamente nestas instituições que o efeito da pandemia Covide-19 foi mais devastador. Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar a evidencia epidemiológica e científica sobre o impacto da COVID-19 nos idosos institucionalizados, e perspetivar as mudanças necessárias a introduzir nos modelos de institucionalização. Procedemos a uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema, na base de dados Web of Knowledge utilizando as palavras-chave: “COVID-19” e “Long Term Care Facility”, considerando as publicações desde o início da pandemia até ao momento da revisão. Foram obtidas 176 publicações. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos sobre: (1) incidência e mortalidade por infeção COVID-19 em idosos institucionalizados (2) caraterísticas das estruturas residenciais potenciadoras de risco (3) fatores arquitetónicos e organizacionais mitigadoras do impacto da pandemia COVID-19. Foram selecionados 23 cujo texto integral foi analisado: 12 são estudos empíricos; 8 são Relatórios e 3 são Normas Orientadoras. O grave impacto da pandemia COVID-19 é explícito nos números reportados. Os fatores que aumentam o risco de casos COVID-19 e agravam a dimensão dos surtos nas ERPIs são: (1) relacionados com as estruturas residenciais; (2) relacionados com o estado de saúde dos idosos; (3) gestão de recursos humanos e materiais; (4) capacitação dos profissionais de saúde; (5) demografia e recursos de saúde; (6) risco social. As estratégias para mitigar o impacto dos surtos são apontadas em linha com os fatores de risco. As instituições de idosos do tipo Long-Term Care, como as ERPI, revelaram a sua inequívoca exposição ao efeito da pandemia COVID-19, pelo que urge repensar este modelo institucional.
Benefícios da verticalização do parto
Authors: Taborda Amaro Cláudia Isabel , Dias Hélia , De Oliveira Santos Maria José , Batista Nelas Paula Alexandra de Andrade , De Carvalho Coutinho Emília
Published: August 2021

São vários os achados históricos que confirmam que o parto, na antiguidade, era realizado em posição vertical. Contudo, com o passar do tempo, aspetos sociais, científicos, culturais e religiosos foram modificando a forma vertical de parir. Aos poucos, as cadeiras de parto foram caindo em desuso, dando lugar ao parto na posição horizontal. No entanto, tem-se vindo a comprovar que a verticalização do parto, tem múltiplas vantagens que fragilizam a defesa de uma prática de parto na posição horizontal. Nesse sentido, pretendeu-se com este estudo, identificar os benefícios da posição vertical no trabalho de parto. A opção metodológica foi a revisão integrativa da literatura, de artigos publicados no friso temporal de 2017-2020, em Português e Inglês disponíveis nas bases de dados Medline (n= 236), CINAHL (n= 163) e B-On (n= 244), seguindo a estratégia PICOD. Em dezembro de 2020, fez-se a consulta às bases de dados, utilizando a expressão de pesquisa booleana “Delivery, Obstetric”[Mesh]) AND “Patient Positioning”[Mesh] OR (“Delivery, Obstetric” [Mesh] AND upright) OR (upright labor positioning) OR (Vertical[Title] OR upright[Title]) AND (childbirth[Title] OR labor[Title]). Foram critérios de inclusão artigos em texto integral, de acesso livre, estudos qualitativos ou quantitativos, estudos randomizados controlados (RCT), revisões e ensaios clínicos. Não foram consideradas publicações de resumos simples, comunicações em conferências ou artigos de revista sem avaliação por pares. Com base no método de pesquisa foram selecionados 10 artigos, dos quais emergiram os seguintes resultados principais: a verticalização do parto tem benefícios provocados pela ação da gravidade, favorece o bem-estar fetal, melhora a dinâmica uterina e a estática fetal, diminui a duração do trabalho de parto, diminui a incidência de episiotomia, aumenta os diâmetros pélvicos e proporciona benefícios psicoafectivos à parturiente.Com base nos diferentes estudos, conclui-se assim que parir na posição vertical beneficia a parturiente e o feto devido a fatores fisiológicos e biomecânicos.
Vivências de mulheres na menopausa: contributos a compreensão do cuidar em enfermagem
Authors: Santos Elisa , Coutinho Emília , Chaves Cláudia , Nelas Paula
Published: August 2021

A menopausa é um período da vida da mulher que necessita de toda a atenção dos profissionais de saúde, e particularmente do enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Maternae Obstétrica. O objetivo desteestudo é compreender as vivências da mulher no período da menopausa, o significado atribuído pela mulher às intervenções de enfermagem desenvolvidas pelo enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica durante o período da menopausa e pós-menopausa. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo, com recurso ao método fenomenológico-hermenêutico, tendo como instrumento de recolha de dados a entrevista fenomenológica. As 13 participantes recorreram às consultas de um Hospital de Dia Ginecológico e do Serviço de Ginecologia de um Hospital Central da Região Centro de Portugal. A análise qualitativa de dados foi apoiada pelo Nvivo12. Da análise do verbatim das entrevistas, emergiram cinco categorias: “Significado atribuído à menopausa”, sendo as subcategorias mais destacadas“Experiência positiva”, “Não tersentido alteraçõescom a menopausa”e“Umafase má/desconfortável”;“Alterações sentidas durante a menopausa e pós menopausa”, evidenciando-se mais a subcategoria“Alterações orgânicas”,“nomeadamente as “Ondas de calor”; “Estratégias utilizadas face aos constrangimentos”,onde as subcategorias mais destacadas foram “Procurar ajuda profissional” e “Adotar uma atitude de resiliência”; “Expectativas quanto aos cuidados de enfermagem”, com a subcategoria mais referida “Expetativas corresponderam ao esperado”;“Cuidados de enfermagem recebidos na menopausa”, sobressaindo as subcategorias “Ajuda”,“Esclarecimento de dúvidas” e “Capacitação da mulher para vivenciar a menopausa”. Parte das mulheres encararam a menopausa de forma positiva. Para outras, demarcou-se como uma fase de desconfortos, com alterações das condições vaginais, emocionais, orgânicas e alterações da atividade sexual. As mulheres consideram, sobretudo, que os cuidados de enfermagem corresponderam às suas expetativas, pois houve esclarecimento de dúvidas e foram capacitadas para vivenciar a menopausa de forma positiva e saudável.
Gesneriaceae, una familia poco estudiada en México: Riqueza y taxonomía en el estado de Tabasco
Authors: De la Cruz-Córdova Saúl Adrián , Ramírez-Roa Angélica , Burelo-Ramos Carlos Manuel
Published: August 2021

Antecedentes: La familia Gesneriaceae en México incluye 26 géneros y 118 especies distribuidas principalmente en el sureste. A pesar de la importancia ecológica y su potencial ornamental, hay pocos estudios de la familia en el país.
Preguntas: ¿Cuántas y cuáles especies de Gesneriaceae hay actualmente en Tabasco? ¿Dónde habitan estas especies en el estado?
Sitios de estudio y periodo de investigación: Estado de Tabasco, México de 2014-2019.
Métodos: Actualización del listado de especies y distribución de Gesneriaceae en Tabasco, a partir de la exploración, recolección de especímenes, revisión de herbarios y de bases de datos. Se estimó para cada especie el estatus de conservación bajo los criterios de la IUCN, usando la plataforma GeoCAT.
Resultados: Se reconocen 10 géneros y 16 especies de Gesneriaceae. Las especies se encuentran en las categorías de vulnerables y amenazadas (tres en cada una) y 10 están en peligro. Se presentan descripciones de todos los taxones, así como una clave de identificación para la familia en Tabasco.
Conclusión: Tabasco es el primer estado en México que tiene un listado de Gesneriaceae producto de un proyecto de recolecta exclusivo para su búsqueda, y la revisión de herbario correspondiente. La exploración incrementó 46 % el número de taxones en el estado. Las gesneriáceas de Tabasco representan el 38.4 % de los géneros y el 14. 4 % de las especies del total de la familia en el país. No obstante, Tabasco es el estado sureño con mayor pérdida de ambientes naturales en los últimos 60 años.
SA Rugby Injury and Illness Surveillance and Prevention Project (SARIISPP), Super Rugby Unlocked and the Carling Currie Cup Premiership Competition, Injury Surveillance Report 2020/21
Authors: Starling Lindsay , Readhead Clint , Viljoen Wayne , Paul Lara , Lambert Mike
Published: August 2021

As part of the SA Rugby Injury and Illness Surveillance and Prevention Project (SARIISPP), the Carling Currie Cup 2020/21 Premiership Division Competition (the ‘Carling Currie Cup’) injury data were recorded throughout the tournament by the medical doctors and medical support staff of the respective teams. All seven teams were required to record every match and training injury that occurred in their team.

The injury rate of Time-Loss injuries for the Carling Currie Cup 2020/21 was 91 (76 to 106) injuries per 1000 player hours (mean and 95% confidence intervals), which is higher than the international rate of 81 (63 to 105) injuries per 1000 player hours [1], but within the expected limits of season-to-season variation for the Carling Currie Cup. This equates to 1.8 injuries per team per match.