bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Couples atteints de troubles psychiques et projet d’enfant : quel accompagnement proposer ?
Authors: Vacheron Marie-Noëlle , Morlent Fanny , Dugravier Romain
Published: November 2018

La grossesse est un évènement majeur pour toute femme. Pour celles atteintes d’une pathologie psychiatrique grave, la transition vers la parentalité est la plupart du temps vecteur d’espoir mais peut être complexe, à l’origine de décompensations aiguës, même lorsque la pathologie semble stabilisée depuis plusieurs années. Les conséquences en sont parfois graves sur la mère, le suicide étant par exemple la première cause de mort maternelle dans l’année qui suit l’accouchement, mais aussi sur l’enfant et le couple. Ces femmes doivent donc bénéficier d’un accompagnement thérapeutique le plus juste en prévision d’une grossesse et en période périnatale. La cico (Consultation d’information, de conseils et d’orientation) conjointe pédopsychiatrique-psychiatrique adulte est destinée aux femmes suivies pour une pathologie mentale sévère enceintes ou avec un projet d’enfant dont l’objectif est de mettre en place un parcours de soins cohérent pendant la grossesse et en post-partum.
La place des parents dans la thérapie familiale des enfants et adolescents souffrant de tca  : un équilibre difficile à trouver
Authors: Cook-Darzens Solange
Published: November 2018

La place donnée aux parents dans l’étiologie et le traitement des troubles du comportement alimentaire ( tca ) n’a cessé d’évoluer depuis la fin du xix e  siècle. Après leur avoir attribué un rôle pathogène et les avoir tantôt écartés des soins, tantôt invités à réparer leurs défaillances psychiques et relationnelles, ils sont actuellement perçus comme faisant partie de la solution plutôt que du problème et placés dans une position centrale de partenaires de soins. Des formes de thérapie familiale particulièrement efficaces ont émergé (Méthode de Maudsley et Family-Based Treatment ), avec pour particularité de mobiliser fortement les parents comme agents de changement, notamment dans l’amélioration de la symptomatologie alimentaire. Les points forts et dangers de ce modèle sont évoqués et un modèle plus complet et intégratif, le modèle familial de Robert Debré, est proposé comme alternative possible. Une vignette clinique vient illustrer quelques applications pratiques de ce modèle.
Monthly Versus Treat-and-Extend Ranibizumab for Diabetic Macular Edema: A Prospective, Randomized Trial
Authors: Eichenbaum David A. , Duerr Emily , Patel Hershel R. , Pollack Scott M.
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Compare fixed monthly dosing of ranibizumab to treat-and-extend (T&E) ranibizumab during a period of 24 months for diabetic macular edema (DME) treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Single-center, randomized, prospective pilot study that included 20 eyes of 20 subjects. Patients' best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was less than or equal to 20/40 and central foveal thickness on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was greater than 325 µm. Intravitreal ranibizumab was dosed monthly or by protocol-specified treat-and-extend. Primary outcome was mean change in mean BCVA. Institutional review board approval was obtained.

RESULTS:

At month 24 (M24), there was a mean 8.3-letter gain in the monthly treatment group and an 8.5-letter gain in the T&E group (
P
= .082; 90% confidence interval). The average change from baseline BCVA was not statistically significantly different at any timepoint. At M24, the median number of injections in the monthly and T&E groups were 22.5 and 18.5, respectively (
P
= .287).

CONCLUSIONS:

Visual acuity with monthly dosing appears equivalent to T&E dosing during the course of 24 months. There was a trend toward a lower injection burden in the T&E arm.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2018;49:e191–e197.]
Navigated Retina Laser Therapy as a Novel Method for Laser Retinopexy of Retinal Tears
Authors: Gologorsky Daniel , Rosen Richard B. , Giovinazzo Jerome , Jansen Michael , Landa Gennady , Lee Jessica
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To describe the use of a navigated laser system for the treatment of retinal tears.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A planned pattern laser retinopexy was performed using a navigated laser photocoagulator incorporating rapid panretinal photocoagulation technology with an individualized target overlay to produce a 3 × 3 square pattern surrounding a horseshoe tear. Institutional review board approval was not applicable for this case.

RESULTS:

Successful laser retinopexy 360° around the tear was achieved.

CONCLUSION:

In select cases, a navigated laser system may be utilized for the treatment of retinal tears.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2018;49:e206–e209.]
Réunification familiale et gestion de la migration par mariage au Canada : l’avocat comme acteur dans l’économie morale du soupçon
Authors: D’Aoust Anne-Marie
Published: November 2018

L’attention accordée ces dernières années aux fraudes relatives au mariage et sur les mariages de complaisance reflète, autant en Europe qu’en Amérique du Nord, une judiciarisation et une surveillance politique accrues des relations sociales dans les processus migratoires de réunification familiale. Cette surveillance comporte des dispositions juridiques, mais aussi des évaluations individuelles subjectives qui s’appuient sur une lecture et une compréhension particulière des gens, des pratiques, des documents et des photographies afin d’évaluer à quoi correspondrait un mariage « authentique ». Or, si jusqu’à présent le pouvoir discrétionnaire des agents d’immigration dans les processus d’évaluation et de détermination de fraude par mariage a fait l’objet d’une attention universitaire soutenue pour en comprendre les fondements et la mise en œuvre, peu d’attention a été portée aux autres acteurs participant à ce processus de distribution de la confiance et de la méfiance qui, en définitive, affecte directement les couples binationaux souhaitant concrétiser une réunification familiale. C’est notamment pour combler ce manque que le présent article propose une enquête empirique qualitative sur la surveillance politique de la fraude relative au mariage et des mariages de complaisance au Canada au cours des dernières années. En nous appuyant sur des entrevues réalisées auprès d’avocats en immigration ayant aidé des couples à compléter un processus de réunification familiale dans la région de Montréal, nous examinons comment les avocats, loin d’être de simples acteurs apolitiques dont le rôle se limiterait à apporter un soutien et une expertise technique, sont parties prenantes d’une économie morale du soupçon des processus de réunification des conjoints. Nous soutenons, dans un premier temps, que le concept d’économie morale tel qu’il est développé par Didier Fassin permet de comprendre dans une perspective multi-niveaux comment des normes ou des affects deviennent partie intégrante de la formation du jugement des avocats dans l’émergence du risque et au soupçon. Un examen attentif des processus d’évaluation et des actions des avocats illustre, dans un second temps, les stratégies ainsi que les modes de justification développés par les avocats pour monter le dossier de leurs clients et espérer obtenir gain de cause. Bien que ces stratégies soient fortement individualisées et dépendantes de l’expérience et de la pratique de chacun, elles s’insèrent et font sens dans un panorama institutionnel et sociopolitique plus vaste. Pour l’illustrer, nous nous concentrerons brièvement, dans un troisième temps, sur l’expérience des avocats avec le Mode alternatif de règlement des litiges (Marl) à la Section d’appel de l’immigration établi à Montréal depuis 2003. Nous soulignons notamment comment le manque de transparence et la représentation des « émotions véritables » au sein de cette structure peuvent affecter les processus de prise de décisions.
Peace Without an Army
Authors: Gisolf Marinus C.
Published: November 2018

The relationship between peace and tourism is described against the background of one of the world's few countries that has no army: Costa Rica. A phenomenological approach has been applied to describe the tourism activity within a space/place paradigm. Through a case study of Costa Rica's tourism marketing efforts, it is shown that originally peace was foremost a political and physical phenomenon in the sense of absence of war or internal violence. Later peace started to play a more dominant role as social and psychological phenomenon, while tourism development and its subsequent marketing messages followed similar patterns. While a message of security and safety was first attached to the peace concept, this was later to be replaced by a message of natural peaceful environments coupled with emotional stability. This case study shows that when images of peace start playing a role in tourists' expectation patterns, a subtle switch takes place from the image of peace as a down-to-earth place-related lack of conflicts to nostalgic views of utopian spaces.
Methods and Technologies for Research- and Metadata Management in Collaborative Experimental Research
Authors: Preuss Nils , Staudter Georg , Weber Moritz , Anderl Reiner , Pelz Peter F.
Published: November 2018

Newly developed technologies and methods for the purpose of controlling uncertainty in technical systems must be proven and validated against reliable experimental studies. The availability of descriptive metadata is mandatory to enable long term usability and sharing of such experimental research data. This article introduces a concept for a software independent solution for managing data in collaborative research environments. The proposed approach leverages the advantages of capturing metadata in a uniform, modular data structure and providing software independent access to a centralized data repository as well as its contents by means of a web-application. The article presents a prototype implementation of the proposed approach and discusses its application on the demonstrator test rig of a collaborative research centre in the field of mechanical engineering.
Algorithmic Design and Resilience Assessment of Energy Efficient High-Rise Water Supply Systems
Authors: Altherr Lena C. , Leise Philipp , Pfetsch Marc E. , Schmitt Andreas
Published: November 2018

High-rise water supply systems provide water flow and suitable pressure in all levels of tall buildings. To design such state-of-the-art systems, the consideration of energy efficiency and the anticipation of component failures are mandatory. In this paper, we use Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming to compute an optimal placement of pipes and pumps, as well as an optimal control strategy.Moreover, we consider the resilience of the system to pump failures. A resilient system is able to fulfill a predefined minimum functionality even though components fail or are restricted in their normal usage. We present models to measure and optimize the resilience. To demonstrate our approach, we design and analyze an optimal resilient decentralized water supply system inspired by a real-life hotel building.
On Obligations in the Development Process of Resilient Systems with Algorithmic Design Methods
Authors: Altherr Lena C. , Joggerst Laura , Leise Philipp , Pfetsch Marc E. , Schmitt Andreas , Wendt Janine
Published: November 2018

Advanced computational methods are needed both for the design of large systems and to compute high accuracy solutions. Such methods are efficient in computation, but the validation of results is very complex, and highly skilled auditors are needed to verify them. We investigate legal questions concerning obligations in the development phase, especially for technical systems developed using advanced methods. In particular, we consider methods of resilient and robust optimization. With these techniques, high performance solutions can be found, despite a high variety of input parameters. However, given the novelty of these methods, it is uncertain whether legal obligations are being met. The aim of this paper is to discuss if and how the choice of a specific computational method affects the developer’s product liability. The review of legal obligations in this paper is based on German law and focuses on the requirements that must be met during the design and development process.
Estimation of Uncertainty in the Lateral Vibration Attenuation of a Beam with Piezo-Elastic Supports by Neural Networks
Authors: Götz Benedict , Kersting Sebastian
Published: November 2018

Quantification of uncertainty in technical systems is often based on surrogate models of corresponding simulation models. Usually, the underlying simulation model does not describe the reality perfectly, and consequently the surrogate model will be imperfect.In this article we propose an improved surrogate model of the vibration attenuation of a beam with shunted piezoelectric transducers. Therefore, experimentally observed and simulated variations in the vibration attenuation are combined in the model estimation process, by using multi--layer feedforward neural networks. Based on this improved surrogate model, we construct a density estimate of the maximal amplitude in the vibration attenuation.The density estimate is used to analyze the uncertainty in the vibration attenuation, resulting from manufacturing variations.
Numerical Comparison of Three Different Feedback Control Schemes Applied on a Forming Operation
Authors: Endelt Benny
Published: November 2018

Feedback and process control of metalforming processes has received increasing attention the lastdecade. Basically there exist four control philosophies; control ofprocess parameters during the punch stroke, iterative learning control(based on historical data), a combination iterative learning andfeedback control and finally feed-forward control. The present work willpresent three different control schemes which all are based onfeedback philosophy i.e. control during the punch stroke or iterativelearning control, where process parameters are updated according toprocess history. The three control schemes are tested using a non-linear finite element model of a square deep-drawing and finallypros and cons are discussed based on the numerical results.
Influence of Gas Metal Arc Welding Parameter on Lap Joint Properties of SS400 Carbon Steel and SUS304 Stainless Steel
Authors: Kimapong Kittipong , Triwanapong Surat
Published: November 2018

SS400/SUS304 steels lap joint was applied in various industries due to flexible andbeneficial properties of these dissimilar metals joint. Therefore, an investigation for optimization ofa gas metal arc welding (GMAW) for producing the dissimilar metal lap joint should be conductedfor advancing the manufacturing industries. This research applied GMAW with various currents andspeeds to weld SS400/SUS304 lap joint and studied the relationship between the parameters andresuted joint properties. The experiment showed that an increase in the wedling current and a decreasein the welding speed affected to increase the fracture strength, the displacement of the lap joint, andthe joint hardness due to high combination of the materials at the joint interface. The uncombinedmaterials at the carbon steel/weld metal interface had the different hardness and resulted to initiatethe crack that then was propergated until the joint was broken. The weld metal showed the formationof the finer and smaller dendrite structure with increasing the welding current and decreasing thewelding speed.
The Development of Accelerated Life Test Method of Multi-Layer Nano Thin Film Glass for Electric Automobiles
Authors: Jeon Young Ju , Han Hyeong Seok , Shin Ming Yung , Kwak Ok Ju , Lim Hyun Taeck
Published: November 2018

According to expansion of electric automobiles, the multi-layer nano thin film glass withheating source is researched to retain safety driving for winter. Generally, the tungsten wire is usedas a heating source of electric automobile glass. Due to its low visibility, silver (Ag) particles areresearched for years. Ag is widely used as a material of heater in the automobile industry since ithas relatively high heat and electrical conductivities. However, the multi-layer nano thin film glassusing Ag particles is under development stage and is not verified in the field, so recall and claimcan be raised. In this study, we will find the potential failure mechanism of the multi-layer nano thinfilm glass based on the properties, and then suggest accelerated life test method to verify 15 years inthe automobile application.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si Alloy Fabricated by Arc Additive Manufacturing with Post Heat Treatment
Authors: Li Yang Yang , Ma Shu Yuan , Liu Chang Meng , Zhang Meng
Published: November 2018

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) can achieve low-cost, short-cyclemanufacturing of titanium alloys and has promising application prospects. In this paper, themicrostructure and mechanical properties of both as-deposited and heat-treated Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si(TC11) alloys fabricated byWAAM were investigated. The results show that continuousgrain boundary α(αGB) phase and basket-weave microstructure can be observed in the as-depositedTC11 alloy. And the as-deposited alloy exhibits high ductility but low strength. After the annealingtreatment, the microstructure becomes thicker and the strength becomes lower. Accordingly, a duplexheat treatment near β transus was designed. We can observed that the content of α phase in themicrostructure was gradually decreased, and the continuous αGB was broken gradually. As thetemperature increases, the strength and ductility of TC11 alloy increase first and then decrease, andthe best comprehensive mechanical properties are achieved at 970°C.
An Efficient Method for Decoloration of Inulin from Jerusalem Artichoke by Macroporous Resin
Authors: Zhang Hong Yun , Yang Li Na , Zhu Dan Shi , Liu He
Published: November 2018

The decoloration method for Inulin from Jerusalem artichoke with activated carbon andmacroporous resin was investigated in this manuscript. Six resins (D113, D301, 001×7, 201×7,DA201-C and activated carbon) with same diameter were studied through static experiments.Meanwhile, the decoloration duration and resin dosage were also determined. Macroporous resinadsorption method was better than the traditional activated carbon adsorption method. The resultsalso suggested that the polar and ionogenic properties significantly affected the decoloration rate. The001×7-201×7 type resin which are strongly polar resin offered the better decolorizing effect. Most ofpigment impurities were successfully removed from inulin solutions with 1:10 resin dosage and 40min decoloration process. Moreover, the decoloration rate and inulin loss rate were 82.29% and 12.67%respectively. This study would provide a potential approach for large-scale production of inulin forits wide applications in dietary supplements.
Fabrication of Energy Materials by a Functional Electrochemical Mold
Authors: Hun Chien Wan , Yeh Chien Wen , Chang Shao Fu , Jheng Wern Dare , Chen Chih Yuan , Bai Ching Yuan , Chang Yo Wei , Chen Chien Chon
Published: November 2018

The energy materials such as titania (TiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) are the environmental friendly materials. In this paper the nanostructure of high surface area titania and alumina are fabricated by anodization process and assistance in electrochemical mold. In general, academic or research institutes can simply control the required experimental conditions in a small sample; however, it’s difficult to control the stable parameters in a large surface and a large number of nanostructural products in the industry production. In order to solve the problems of unstable current density and temperature we have designed a cooling functional electrochemical mold which can improve the nanostructural quality of energy materials during a large number production. The electrochemical mold is used for a local surface treatment at an isothermal temperature controlling. The mold limits sample for a specific treated area and current density in the electrolyte. The mold can be used for the assistance of electrolysis, electro-polishing, electro-deposition, anodization, etching, chemical deposition, pickling, and caustic processes. The mold structure includes fixture group, water-cooling electrode group, and electrode conductive group.
Patterned Magnetorheological Elastomer Developed by 3D Printing
Authors: Bastola Anil K. , Paudel Milan , Li Lin
Published: November 2018

This article delineates the characterization of the 3D printed MR elastomer through a forced vibration technique in the squeeze mode of operation. An anisotropic hybrid magnetorheological (MR) elastomer is developed via 3D printing. The 3D printed MR elastomer consists of three different materials; magnetic particles, magnetic particles carrier fluid, and an elastomer. MR fluid filaments are encapsulated layer-by-layer within the elastomer matrix using a 3D printer. When a moderately strong magnetic field is applied, the 3D printed MR elastomer changes its elastic and damping properties. The hybrid 3D printed MR elastomer also shows an anisotropic behavior when the direction of the magnetic field is changed with respect to the orientation of the printed filaments. The relative MR effect is higher when the applied magnetic field is parallel to the orientation of the printed filaments. The maximum change in the stiffness is observed to be 65.2% when a magnetic field of 500 mT is applied to the MR elastomer system. This result shows that the new method, 3D printing could produce anisotropic hybrid MR elastomers or possibly other types.
Effect of Type of Fiber on Inter-Layer Bond and Flexural Strengths of Extrusion-Based 3D Printed Geopolymer
Authors: Nematollahi Behzad , Xia Ming , Sanjayan Jay , Vijay Praful
Published: November 2018

Extrusion-based 3D concrete printing is analogous to fused deposition modeling method, which extrudes cementitious materials from a nozzle to build a complex concrete structure layer-by-layer without the use of expensive formwork. This study aims to investigate the influence of type of fiber on inter-layer bond strength and flexural strength of extrusion-based 3D printed geopolymer. An extrudable fly ash-based geopolymer composition previously developed by the authors was reinforced by three types of fibers, namely polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polypropylene (PP) and polyphenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO) fibers. Control geopolymer specimens with no fiber were also 3D printed for comparison purposes. The results indicated that the incorporation of fibers reduced the inter-layer bond strength of 3D printed geopolymer. This pattern was true regardless of the type of fiber. On the other hand, the flexural strength of 3D printed fiber-reinforced geopolymer mixtures was substantially higher than that of the 3D printed geopolymer with no fiber. The rate of increase in the flexural strength depended on the type of fiber. The flexural failures of the specimens were due to the tensile failure of the bottom layer, rather than the shear failure of the interfaces.
Grain Refinement of Pure Magnesium Using Nonlinear Twist Extrusion
Authors: Maulidi Muhammad Lutfi , Miyamoto Hiroyuki , Yuasa Motohiro
Published: November 2018

Nonlinear Twist Extrusion (NTE) is a new severe plastic developed (SPD) method for producing grain refinement by extruding and twisting bulk materials through the channel designed for more effective straining compared with the so-called twist extrusion (TE). In this experiment pure magnesium was pressed using NTE for up to 4 passes. The pressing was conducted under two different temperatures, the first pass was conducted in 523K followed by pressing from 2 to 4 passes at 473K pressing temperature. The microstructure of the material is observed with increasing number of passes using optical microscopy (OM), laser microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). Grain size decreased with increasing passes and become finer than those obtained by other SPD processing. If compared by the same equivalent plastic strain, and it suggests that NTE is a promising approach in strengthening bulk material. The grain size of the as-received material reduced from 97μm down to 3μm after 4 passes. Moreover, the hardness of material also increasing up to 41Hv for the first pass and constantly increased with the increasing number of pressing. This result shows that NTE is one of the promising methods in severe plastic deformation.
Foundation phase teachers’ use of manipulatives to teach number concepts: A critical analysis
Authors: Mntunjani Lindiwe M. , Adendorff Stanley A. , Siyepu Sibawu W.
Published: November 2018

Background: The poor performance of learners in mathematics has long been a matter of concern in South Africa. The Annual National Assessment (ANA) results reveal that the problem starts in the foundation phase with number concepts.Aim: This research sought to ascertain how foundation phase teachers used mathematical resources to teach number concepts as this may be one of the contributors to poor mathematics results.Setting: The purposively selected participants included five foundation phase teachers teaching Grades 1–3 at two schools in the Western Cape, in South Africa.Methods: The research was located within the interpretive qualitative research paradigm and used a case study approach. Data were collected through lesson observations and interviews and analysed through the lens of Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory.Results: The findings of this study revealed that teaching for understanding was often compromised by teaching to enable learners to pass systemic assessments. Teachers are inclined to rote teaching with drill work in preparation for assessments such as the ANA and the systemic assessment. Consequently, manipulatives are not necessarily used optimally or opportunely.Conclusion: This study recommends that teachers should receive the necessary training to use and follow Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development and also make an effort to follow the guidelines indicated in the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement mathematics document in respect of how and when to use practical mathematical manipulatives.
Periodicity and ergodicity in the trihexagonal tiling
Authors: Davis Diana , Hooper W. Patrick
Published: November 2018

We consider the dynamics of light rays in the trihexagonal tiling where triangles and hexagons are transparent and have equal but opposite indices of refraction. We find that almost every ray of light is dense in a region of a particular form: the regions have infinite area and consist of the plane with a periodic family of triangles removed. We also completely describe initial conditions for periodic and drift-periodic light rays.
Rectifiability and upper Minkowski bounds for singularities of harmonic $Q$-valued maps
Authors: De Lellis Camillo , Marchese Andrea , Spadaro Emanuele , Valtorta Daniele
Published: November 2018

In this article we prove that the singular set of Dirichlet-minimizing

Q

-valued functions is countably

(m-2)

-rectifiable and we give upper bounds for the

(m–2)

-dimensional Minkowski content of the set of singular points with multiplicity

Q

.
Integral points on conic log K3 surfaces
Authors: Harpaz Yonatan
Published: November 2018

Adapting a powerful method of Swinnerton–Dyer, we give explicit sufficient conditions for the existence of integral points on certain schemes which are fibered into affine conics. This includes, in particular, cases where the scheme is geometrically a smooth log K3 surface.
Clustering of Infant Mortality Within Families in Rural Burkina Faso
Authors: Kynast-Wolf Gisela , Schoeps Anja , Winkler Volker , Stieglbauer Gabriele , Zabré Pascal , Müller Olaf , Sié Ali , Becher Heiko
Published: November 2018

In this study, we analyze clustering of infant deaths within families living in a rural part of western Burkina Faso. The study included 9,220 infants, born between 1993 and 2009 in Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS). A clustering of infant deaths in families was explored by calculating observed versus expected number of infant deaths within families for a given family size. In addition, risk ratios were calculated for infant death depending on the vital status of the previous sibling. We observed 470 infant deaths, yielding an overall infant mortality risk of 51/1,000 births. Clustering of infant deaths within families was observed (P = 0.004). In smaller families, the mortality of firstborns was higher than for the following siblings. The infant mortality risk was higher when the preceding sibling died in infancy (P = 0.03). The study supports the hypothesis of infant death clustering existing within rural families in West Africa. Further studies are needed to shed more light on these findings with the goal to develop effective interventions directed toward the families who already lost a child.
Evidence of Self-Medication with Chloroquine before Consultation for Malaria in the Southern Pacific Coast Region of Colombia
Authors: Diaz Gustavo , Lasso Alvaro Mauricio , Murillo Claribel , Montenegro Lidia M. , Echeverry Diego F.
Published: November 2018

Self-medication with antimalarial drugs is a major factor in the development of drug resistance, exerting subtherapeutic drug pressure on circulating parasite populations. Data on self-medication with antimalarials from the Southern Pacific coast region of Colombia, where 4-aminoquinolines resistance and political instability prevail, are vital to elimination strategies. We present results of an exploratory study of 254 individuals having malaria symptoms who sought malaria diagnosis in two hospitals in Tumaco, Department of Nariño, Colombia. Thirty-two percent (82/254) of participants had positive Saker–Solomons urine tests, indicating self-medication with chloroquine (CQ) before consultation for diagnosis. Notably, among 30 pregnant women participating in the study, 43% were Saker-–Solomons positive. Molecular analysis of the K76T position encoded by the pfcrt gene revealed the mutant allele in all four samples that were both positive for Plasmodium falciparum and positive for the Saker–Solomons test, suggesting persistent CQ pressure. The high frequency of self-medication, particularly among pregnant women merits attention by public health authorities and comprehensive investigation.
Dry versus wet? Implications on aerosol impaction and organic volume fraction
Authors: Lee Hansol D. , Kaluarachchi Chathuri P. , Hasenecz Elias S. , Zhu Zhehao , Popa Eduard , Stone Elizabeth A. , Tivanski Alexei V.
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Understanding the impact of sea spray aerosols (SSA) on the climate and atmosphere requires quantitative knowledge of their chemical composition and mixing states. Furthermore, single particle measurements are needed to accurately represent large particle-to-particle variability. To quantify the mixing state, organic volume fraction (OVF), defined as the relative organic volume with respect to the total particle volume, is measured after generating and collecting aerosol particles, often using deposition impactors. In this process, the aerosol streams are either dried or kept wet prior to impacting on solid substrates. However, the atmospheric community has yet to establish how dry versus wet aerosol deposition influences the impacted particle morphologies and mixing states. Here, we apply complementary offline single particle atomic force microscopy (AFM) and bulk ensemble high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques to assess the effects of dry and wet deposition modes on the substrate-deposited aerosol particles' mixing states. Glucose and NaCl binary mixtures that form core-shell particle morphologies were studied as model systems, and the mixing states were quantified by measuring the OVF of individual particles using AFM and compared to the ensemble measured by HPLC. Dry deposited single particle OVF data positively deviated from the bulk HPLC data by up to 60 %. The positive deviation was attributed to significant spreading of the NaCl core upon impaction with the solid substrate, which is not readily evident in AFM imaging and leads to underestimation of the core volume. NaCl core spreading under impaction was confirmed by imaging dry deposited NaCl particles. This problem was circumvented by (a) performing wet deposition and thus bypassing the effects of the solid core spreading upon impaction and (b) performing a hydration-dehydration cycle on dry deposited particles to restructure the deformed NaCl core. Both approaches produced single particle OVF values that converge well with the bulk and expected OVF values, validating the methodology. These findings illustrate the importance of awareness in how conventional particle deposition methods may significantly alter the impacted particle morphologies and their mixing states. Our work can help improve quantification and predictions of chemical mixing states of atmospherically-relevant aerosols.
Better Baltic Sea wave forecasts: improving resolution or introducing ensembles?
Authors: Schmith Torben , Nielsen Jacob Woge , Rasmussen Till Andreas Soya , Feddersen Henrik
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The performance of short-range operational forecasts of
significant wave height (SWH) in the Baltic Sea is evaluated. Forecasts produced
by a base configuration are intercompared with forecasts from two improved
configurations: one with improved horizontal and spectral resolution and one
with ensembles representing uncertainties in the physics of the forcing wind
field and the initial conditions of this field. Both of the improved forecast
classes represent an almost equal increase in computational costs. Therefore, the
intercomparison addresses the question of whether more computer
resources would be more favorably spent on enhancing the spatial and spectral
resolution or, alternatively, on introducing ensembles. The intercomparison
is based on comparisons with hourly observations of significant wave height
from seven observation sites in the Baltic Sea during the 3-year period from
2015 to 2017. We conclude that for most wave measurement sites, the
introduction of ensembles enhances the overall performance of the forecasts,
whereas increasing the horizontal and spectral resolution does not. These
sites represent offshore conditions, in that they are well exposed from all directions, are a
large distance from the nearest coast and in deep water. Therefore,
there is the a priori expectation that a detailed shoreline and bathymetry will not have
any impact. Only at one site do we find that increasing the horizontal and
spectral resolution significantly improves the forecasts. This site is
situated in nearshore conditions, close to land and a nearby island, and is
therefore shielded from many directions. Consequently, this study concludes that
to improve wave forecasts in offshore areas, ensembles should be introduced.
For near shore areas, in comparison, the study suggests that additional computational
resources should be used to increase the resolution.
The Folio Club Collection and the Silver Fork School: Perspectives on Poe's Framestory in Recent Scholarship
Authors: Hammond Alexander
Published: November 2018

When composing his never-published collection of Folio Club tales, Poe read extensively in popular novels of the British “Silver Fork” school. Scholars have explored Poe's repeated borrowings from these works but neglected the significance for the Folio Club design of the infamous London publishing enterprise of Henry Colburn that produced them. This article attempts to clarify that significance in terms of recent scholarship on the marketplace and the political dimensions of Poe's Folio Club project. After initially summarizing traditional approaches, the article demonstrates how new studies of the satires of Andrew Jackson in the collection suggest his administration served as an indirect model for Poe's literary “Junto,” then shows how Meredith McGill, Leon Jackson, and J. Gerald Kennedy's recent explorations of the economics and print culture of Poe's literary marketplace offer fresh perspectives on the collection's framestory. The article argues in particular that those perspectives illuminate Poe's use of Henry Colburn's school of Silver Fork novelists as a ready model for the Folio Club itself. Thus Colburn's management of the composition, puffing, and critical reception of his authors' novels evidently provided Poe with a transatlantic example of what Kennedy calls the “system of literary production” represented by the Folio Club. Furthermore, this same scholarship makes clear that the young writer had good reason for seeking such a model abroad: Henry Colburn's marketing of his authors involved the kind of centralized control of literary publishing absent in the decentered, regionally dispersed marketplace Poe faced in the United States of the 1830s.
Influence of Blair on Poe's Gothicism: The Style of Terror and Horror in Poe's Early Woman-Centered Tales
Authors: Tsai-Yi Chu , Janet Chu
Published: November 2018

Poe's familiarity with Hugh Blair's Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres (1783), an influential and widely circulated rhetorical treatise in Poe's time, has been observed and discussed by several scholars. The link between Blair's rhetoric and Poe's works, however, still remains to be explored. This article addresses this issue with the application of Blair's rhetorical theory to three of Poe's early woman-centered tales—“Berenice,” “Morella,” and “Ligeia”—examining Poe's Gothicism and his Gothic stylistics. In the analysis, it is found that the effect of terror, or “the strange and mystical” in Poe's words, is often engendered by Poe's use of the periodic sentence, the cataphoric expression, and the parenthesis, devices that suspend semantic meaning and produce a sense of suspense. The distinctness and immediacy of horror, or the Poesque “horrible,” on the other hand, is frequently achieved through Poe's adoption of the simile/metaphor, the superlative, and adverbial intensifiers. In analyzing Poe's stylistics in these Gothic tales, Blair's rhetoric functions to account for and assess Poe's exploitation of certain stylistic devices. It also, at the same time, helps to demonstrate the development and evolution of Poe's Gothic style across time.
Technophobic Dystopias: A Theoretical Approximation to the Communication Technology Limits Related to Privacy From the Google Glass Case and Audiovisual Fiction
Authors: Mondelo González Edisa , Vizcaíno-Laorga Ricardo
Published: November 2018

The subject of this article is the current difficult relationship between the evolution of communication technologies and the implications that its daily use can have on the invasion of an individual's privacy. Many are the science fiction audiovisual narratives which approach this evolution from the dystopian point of view with a technophobic character, focusing on the individual effects. But, in reality, this is something that has become clear in the case of Google Glass, where the fear of loss of intimacy was what caused social rejection in its use in everyday life, although not in certain fields of labor and training.
Unexpected agreement in Spanish revisited
Authors: Mare María
Published: November 2018

Verbal agreement in Spanish is materialized as the rightmost morpheme on a verb. When enclitics attach, the expected order is: verbal base + AGR(eement) + CL(itic): hága-nAGR-loCL ‘Do it!’. Nevertheless, in non-standard Spanish, verbal agreement can appear at the right of the clitic, giving rise to what has been named unexpected agreement: haga-nAGR-loCL-nAGR or haga-loCL-nAGR ‘Do it!’. This squib discusses different data related to unexpected agreement in order to provide some generalizations which previous approaches to this topic fail to address. So as to revisit the operations involved in this broad phenomenon, it is pivotal to make a distinction between unexpected exponents and unexpected locus.
Pelagic longline fishery for albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga) yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the high seas of eastern Pacific ocean.
Authors: Nyatchouba Nsangue Bruno Thierry , Cheng Zhou , Xu Liuxiong , Kindong Richard
Published: November 2018

This study highlighted the occurrence of a pelagic long line fishery targeting albacore tuna, yellowfin tuna and bigeye tuna in the high seas of eastern Pacific Ocean. Species selectivity of the fishing method was assessed. Hook depth, statistics of at-vessel survival rate grouped by hooks number, length frequency, weight frequency, length weight relationship, relative condition factor and Fulton’s condition factor were estimated for the target species. This fishing method proved highly selective for albacore tuna, where catches accounted for about 85% of catches, while other resources such as yellowfin tuna amounted to 4.8% and big eye tuna accounted for 9.70%. The results showed that, fish size increased with deeper depths. Hook No. 8 located at a critical depth indicated that fork lengths of tuna registered above this depth were significantly smaller than that those captured below it. Logistic regression model suggested a significant effect of hook depth on the catch efficiency. The highest density of catch efficiency was located at the depth of 167.57 m. An alternative strategy showed that hooks deployed at the depths ranging from 124 to 211 m will result in a more considerable fishing efficiency. The analyses also showed that the relative condition factors (Krel) of the three fish species were greater than (1) implying that they were in good physiological condition at the time of capture.
The transcriptomic response to a short day to long day shift in leaves of the reference legume Medicago truncatula
Authors: Thomson Geoffrey , Taylor James , Putterill Joanna
Published: November 2018

Photoperiodic flowering aligns plant reproduction to favourable seasons of the year to maximise successful production of seeds and grains. However understanding of this process in the temperate legumes of the Fabaceae family, which are important both agriculturally and ecologically, is incomplete. Previous work in the reference legume Medicago truncatula has shown that the FT-like gene MtFTa1 is a potent floral activator. While MtFTa1 is upregulated by long-day photoperiods (LD) and vernalisation, the molecular basis of this is unknown as functional homologues of key regulatory genes present in other species, notably CONSTANS in A. thaliana, have not been identified. In LD MtFTa1 maintains a near constant diurnal pattern of expression unlike its homologue FT in A. thaliana, which has a notable peak in expression at dusk. This suggests a different manner of regulation. Furthermore, M. truncatula possesses other FT-like genes such as two LD induced MtFTb genes which may also act in the regulation of flowering time. MtFTb genes have a diurnal pattern of expression with peaks at both four and sixteen hours after dawn. This study utilises RNA-Seq to analyse the transcriptome of M. truncatula leaves to identify genes which may regulate or be co-expressed with these FT-like genes following a shift from short-day photoperiods to inductive long-days. Specifically this study focuses on the first four hours of the day in the young leaves, which coincides with the first diurnal peak of the FTb genes. Following differential expression analysis at each timepoint, genes which alter their pattern of expression are distinguished from those which just alter their magnitude of expression (and those that do neither). It goes on to categorise these genes into groups with similar patterns of expression using c-means clustering and identifies a number of potential candidate photoperiod flowering time genes for future studies to consider.
The unfolding of iRFP713 in a crowded milieu
Authors: Stepanenko Olesya V. , Stepanenko Olga V , Kuznetsova Irina M. , Turoverov Konstantin K
Published: November 2018

The exploring of biological processes in vitro under conditions of macromolecular crowding is a way to achieve an understanding of how these processes occur in vivo. In this work, we study the unfolding of the fluorescent probe iRFP713 in crowded environment in vitro. Previously, we showed that the unfolding of the dimeric iRFP713 is accompanied by the formation of a compact monomer and an intermediate state of the protein. In the intermediate state, the macromolecules of iRFP713 have hydrophobic clusters exposed to the surface of the protein and are prone to aggregation. Concentrated solutions of polyethylene glycol (PEG-8000), Dextran-40 and Dextran-70 with a molecular mass of 8000, 40000 and 70000 Da, respectively, were used to model the conditions for macromolecular crowding. A limited available space provided by all the crowding agents used favors to the enhanced aggregation of iRFP713 in the intermediate state at the concentration of guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl), at which the charge of protein surface is neutralized by the guanidine cations. This is in line with the theory of the excluded volume. In concentrated solutions of the crowding agents (240–300 mg/ml), the stabilization of the structure of iRFP713 in the intermediate state is observed. PEG-8000 also enhances the stability of iRFP713 in the monomeric compact state, whereas in concentrated solutions of Dextran-40 and Dextran-70 the resistance of the protein in the monomeric state against GdnHCl-induced unfolding decreases. The obtained data argues for the excluded volume effect being not the only factor that contributes the behavior of biological molecules in a crowded milieu. Crowding agents do not affect the structure of the native dimer of iRFP713, which excludes the direct interactions between the target protein and the crowding agents. PEGs of different molecular mass and Dextran-40/Dextran-70 are known to influence the solvent properties of water. The solvent dipolarity/polarizability and basicity/acidity in aqueous solutions of these crowding agents vary in different ways. The change of the solvent properties in aqueous solutions of crowding agents might impact the functioning of a target protein.