bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The cost-effectiveness of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in HIV Prevention: Analysis from A Multicentre Intervention in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Katbi Moses , Fom Tyra , Adedoyin Adefisayo , Klindera Kent , Asaolu Olugbenga , Magaji Doreen , Agweye Angela , Faturiyele Iyiola
Published: January 2024

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended for people at substantial risk of acquiring HIV to prevent new infections. The Nigeria PEPFAR program through USAID funded the implementation of PrEP for Key Population (KP) groups including Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM), People who inject drugs (PWIDS), and Female sex Workers (FSW) in July 2020. We assessed the number of new infections averted and the financial resources saved because of this intervention. Methodology: HIV-negative clients from the key population community in North- East Nigeria eligible for PrEP were enrolled over a 7-month period (July 2020 – February 2021). Eligibility criteria used include being at substantial risk for HIV infection based on a screening test administered. The person-month was calculated by using the duration the participants were retained on PrEP. The incidence 15.4/100 person-years of HIV among MSM at high risk of HIV infection in the TRUST study conducted in Nigeria was used to calculate the expected positive cases if PrEP was not provided for those enrolled using the formula (15.4/100 * X) where X is number of person-years. We compared the expected positive to the actual positive seen among KPs while on PrEP within the study period. The cost-effectiveness of being on PrEP was calculated by multiplying the standard cost per HIV infection averted ($13, 267 per HIV infection averted) by the No of HIV averted. Results: We enrolled a total of 1,197 eligible HIV-negative KPs within the study period (189 were retained for seven months, 407 for four months, 585 for 3 months, and 18 for 1 month). A total of 4722 person-months (394 person-years) were accumulated over the period of the study. Using the incidence of 15.4/100 person-years, the expected positive cases if PrEP was not provided was 61 (15.4/100 *394). With the use PrEP, no client seroconverted to be HIV positive. This means that within the 7-month period, 61 HIV infections were averted. At the cost of $13,267 per HIV infection averted for PrEP, the project saved $809,287 for averting 61 HIV infections in seven months of using PrEP among HIV-negative KPs involved in high-risk behaviors. Conclusion: This study shows that PrEP is effective in averting new infections among key population groups. Placing high-risk groups such as KPs on PrEP is cost-effective due to the money saved from new infections averted. Increased funding for proven and innovative strategies on PrEP enrolment, retention, and adherence of eligible clients should be expanded for KPs.
Role of Image-Guided Focal Cryoablation in Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: E. Fuller Renee , Pio Faozia , Murdock Andeulazia , Whalen Michael
Published: January 2024

Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous malignancy in men, with the majority of newly diagnosed clinical scenarios eligible for active surveillance. However, there may be psychological ramifications associated with living with an untreated malignancy. Furthermore, recent reports show long-term progression exceeds 50% even for low-risk disease. Given the morbidity of traditional whole-gland prostate cancer therapies further advancements are necessary to maximize cure and minimize treatment side effects. Advances in multiparametric MRI has enabled a paradigm shift not only in the detection of clinically significant disease, but also toward more specific disease localization. While traditional treatments for prostate cancer involve whole-gland treatment, contemporary MRI technology allows for consideration of focal ablation via various technologies. This review details focal cryoablation for primary and salvage prostate cancer treatments and compares its efficacy to other treatment methods, including brachytherapy, external beam radiation, and high intensity focused ultrasound. The use of focal cryoablation as a primary treatment has shown promising oncologic outcomes, similar to that of whole-gland cryoablation, but with better functional outcomes. Focal cryotherapy as a salvage treatment has mixed results regarding efficacy and warrants further study. When compared to other focal treatments, cryotherapy leads to similar, or better, oncologic control outcomes. In addition, the review details the considerations for adjunct therapies and future applications to enhance the precision accuracy of current focal cryoablation techniques.
Treatment of failed back surgery syndrome with regional sugar water injections: A clinical case report
Authors: Kersschot Jan , Lam Stanley , Suryadi Teinny , Nurhasanah Lisa , Kesoema Tanti
Published: January 2024

Failed back surgery syndrome is a chronic pain condition that persists despite or after surgical intervention. It presents a disabling condition that is difficult to manage. Over the last decade, regional sugar water injections have become popular for the treatment of musculoskeletal and neuropathic pain syndromes. This article describes the case of a patient with persistent pseudo-sciatica despite surgery who underwent multiple sessions of sugar water injections. This study aimed to share this experience with the global medical community. Further clinical investigations are required to confirm whether this novel approach can effectively treat patients with this condition.
Pelanggaran Etika dalam Program Televisi Insert Today di Trans TV
Authors: Izdihar Hasri Felysha , Inas Fatin  , Aisyah Adilah A. Putri Mokodompit
Published: January 2024

Insert Today merupakan tayangan program televisi dari Insert di Trans Tv. Insert merupakan program hiburan yang menyajikan informasi, viral, dan semua tentang kehidupan selebriti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelanggaran etika yang diperoleh dalam program Insert Today di Trans TV. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Metode deskriptif kualitatif erat kaitannya dengan paradigma post-positivisme. Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia (KPI) telah menerbitkan Pedoman Perilaku Penyiaran dan Standar Program Siaran (P3SPS) sebagai acuan dalam penegakan etika dan hukum penyiaran. Terdapat 2 temuan pelanggaran pada penelitian ini yaitu pertama, terdapat tampilan bagian paha mendekati bokong Erica Carlina saat duduk di sofa. Kedua, terdapat adegan percakapan antara Erica Carlina, Gofar Hilman, dan Nicholas Sean yang mengeluarkan perkataan kasar. Hasil yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu tampilan bagian paha Erica Carlina saat duduk di sofa melanggar pedoman perilaku penyiaran dan standar program siaran BAB XII pasal 18 bagian pertama tentang pelarangan adegan seksual. Percakapan dengan ungkapan kasar telah melanggar BAB XIII bagian kedua,  pasal 24 tentang ungkapan kasar dan makian. Dimana program siaran dilarang menampilkan ungkapan kasar dan makian, baik secara verbal maupun non verbal yang mempunyai kecenderungan menghina atau merendahkan martabat manusia, memiliki makna jorok atau  mesum atau cabul atau vulgar atau menghina agama dan tuhan.
Kajian Etika dan Hukum Media Penyiaran tentang Pidato Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Soal Pengkhianatan Partai Nasdem di Kompas TV
Authors: Ari Wijayanto  , Rasendriya Arka Reswara Arka , Zain Ammar Hafeez
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peran etika dan huku media penyiaran dalam Menyikapi Pidato Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono soal Pengkhianatan Partai Nasdem di Kompas TV. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif dimana data dikumpulkan dengan teknik studi pustaka yang merujuk penelitian terdahulu dan teoriteori yang berkaitan dengan etika komunikasi. Penelitian ini mengemukakan hasil bahwa Kompas TV dalam menyikapi Pidato Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono soal Pengkhianatan Partai Nasdem telah memenuhi etika dan hukum penyiaran yang berlaku di Indonesia. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan penemuan bahwa Kompas TV telah memenuhi standar etika jurnalistik dengan menyajikan informasi secata berimbang.
F. Nachtegall And Gymnastics In Denmark: Ascertainment History In The Educational System
Authors: Chukhlantseva Natalia
Published: January 2024

The relevance of the study is due to the need to improve the quality of training of future physical education (PE) specialists. Knowledge of the legacy of outstanding teachers is the basis for the formation of professional competencies of PE specialists. The experience of F. Nachtegall, the Scandinavian educator of New Times, the main stages of his activity on the introduction of PE in education, their content and results became an impulse to recognize the importance of physical and moral health of young people as the main object of attention of authorities, benefactors and society during the period under study. The educational reforms initiated by him ensured the availability of PE to all young people, promoted the education of healthy, industrious, useful citizens and led to the institutionalisation of PE. Founding Europe's first gymnastics club and a private gymnastics school for different classes, organising and running a school for training civic gymnastics teachers, and founding a gymnastics college - these are just a small part of Nachtegall's multifaceted activities. Nachtegall's practical experience had an enormous influence on the creation of the organisational, programme, control and methodological foundations for the formation of didactic knowledge on the teaching process of PE.
Student Attitudes 2015-2023 Towards the Use of Modern Technology to Measure their Own Physical Activity
Authors: Nadobnik Jarosław
Published: January 2024

Physical activity is one of the important pillars helping to maintain well-being and health. The aim of the article was to try to identify the directions of changes in students' attitudes towards physical activity between 2015 and 2023, including the aspect of monitoring movement and exercise using modern technologies. The article presents research conducted on a group of 180 students of physical education and tourism and recreation. The declared physical activity of the students was analysed, along with the need to monitor movement using electronic devices. A shortened version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used as the research tool. The questionnaire was modified by adding questions on monitoring physical activity. Analysis of the results shows that the declared physical activity has changed over the analysed time period. In 2015, an average of 74.5% of the students in the studied faculties declared their activity as high, while in 2023, 38.5% of the students did so. In 2015, an average of 25.5% of the students surveyed declared their physical activity, while in 2023, an average activity was declared by 20% of the students surveyed. Low activity was declared by 1% in 2015 and by an average of 41.5% of students in 2023. There was no determinant effect of the gender of the surveyed students on the level of physical activity. An increase in the number of students using modern technology to monitor their own physical activity was found over the analysed time period.
Constraints and Strategies for Inclusive Education in Indonesia at the Primary School Level: A Literature Review
Authors: Latif Humayra' Nafisah Mar'atul , Paramita Pramesti Pradna
Published: January 2024

Inclusive education in Indonesia is designed for all learners, both "regular" learners and learners with special needs. Inclusive education also aims to facilitate students with special needs to be able to get along with peers in general by placing one educational environment together with "regular" students, so that it is expected to realize an educational environment that respects diversity and without discrimination. However, in its implementation there are obstacles that are not easy to face, both for inclusive schools and teachers who teach. The purpose of this research is to find out the obstacles faced by inclusive schools and teachers at the primary school level and also provide strategies that can be used to optimize inclusive education. The research method used is a qualitative method with a literature review approach. The results of the study show that some of the obstacles faced are the lack of special mentor teachers, the lack of teacher knowledge about students with special needs, the imposed curriculum, the school environment that is still not friendly for students with special needs, and so on. Teachers can use various models, strategies, media and learning resources that are tailored to the class. One strategy that schools can do is to bring in professionals to provide insight for all school members regarding students with special needs. One method or strategy that parents of children with special needs can do is to apply the TEACCH method. And for the government, the education office needs to coordinate internally, especially in the field of educators who can understand the concept and implementation of inclusion policies on an ongoing basis.
The Potentials of ChatGPT for Language Learning: Unpacking its Benefits and Limitations
Authors: Nugroho Arif , Putro Nur Hidayanto Pancoro Setyo , Syamsi Kastam
Published: January 2024

The present study aims to unpack the potentials of ChatGPT for language learning based on students’ perspectives. Specifically, this study scrutinizes language learning needs that can be fulfilled by ChatGPT, potential benefits of ChatGPT, and limitations of ChatGPT for language education. Drawing on exploratory case study, this study involves 18 language students majoring in English education and linguistic studies from two public universities in Indonesia. The findings of semi-structured interviews and FGD reveal that ChatGPT shows great promise as a digital platform that can support personalize learning, stimulate authentic interactions, and boost student productivity. This study suggests that students can gain several advantages from ChatGPT to support their language learning, such as enhancing their writing skills (e.g., translation, paraphrasing, outlining, and receiving assistance with grammar and syntax), improving vocabulary acquisition, providing learning materials, and serving as conversation partner. However, students might encounter certain challenges when using ChatGPT for language learning, such as the risk of cheating and plagiarism, inaccurate responses, and ambiguous information which can lead to confusion and misunderstanding. This study offers fruitful insights for language education stakeholders (especially teachers and students) to enhance their digital competencies specifically related to the use of AI tools in language education.
Glocalizing English Language Teaching in the Arabian Gulf: Professional Development's Mediating Influence
Authors: Ahmad Hussain
Published: January 2024

Methods and materials in English Language Teaching (ELT) are influenced by the unique socio-cultural contexts of instruction. Nonetheless, English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teaching practices in the Arabian Gulf tend to adopt a one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to teaching methods and pedagogical approaches. This study investigates the influence of the Cambridge English Teacher (CET) professional development program on the classroom practices of EFL instructors in the Arabian Gulf and its role in facilitating the contextualization of teaching in alignment with Saudi cultural norms. The study involved 120 Saudi EFL university teachers as participants. Employing a convergent parallel design that incorporated a survey questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, the results demonstrated that the CET program empowered participants to contextualize their teaching methods and adapt their classroom delivery to the local teaching environment. Specifically, the findings revealed that participants perceived their learning experience in the CET program in four distinct dimensions: contextualizing teaching methods, localizing Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) principles, diversifying teaching methodologies and materials, and comprehending context-specific classroom management strategies. Moreover, the study highlighted the significant impact of contextually tailored in-service professional development programs in the process of "glocalizing" teaching methods. In conclusion, the research findings carry implications for EFL educators, professional development initiatives, and provide valuable directions for future research endeavors.
Proximate composition, levels of heavy metals and their associated risk assessment in ginger (Zingiber officinale roscoe)
Authors: Firisa Tariku Gemechu , Geletu Abiyot Kelecha , Wondimu Kokob Teshome , Kedir Welela Meka
Published: January 2024

Ginger is a medicinal plant widely used as a spice and botanically categorized in the Zingiberaceae family, Zingiber genus, and officinale species. Natural and anthropogenic sources can discharge heavy metals into the environment from which they enter the human body through food, water, air, and skin contact and cause detrimental health effects. In this study, ginger samples were randomly collected from five kebeles in Ilubabor and Bunno Bedelle zones, Southwest Ethiopia, from which a composite sample was made for analysis. Microwave-assisted digestion was carried out using concentrated nitric acid in the presence of hydrogen peroxide followed by atomic absorption spectrometer detection using different Association of Analytical Chemists, AOAC methods. Proximate analysis was performed with different standard operating procedures. The mean levels of heavy metals were 0.009 mg/kg for Arsenic, Chromium, and Lead and 0.01 mg/kg for cadmium while 578.2 mg/kg was obtained for iron. Proximate composition analysis shows 82.89%, 2.00%, 0.07%%, 1.63%, 3.42%, 9.99%, and 48.59 kcal for moisture, crude protein, crude fat, ash, crude fiber, carbohydrate, and energy, respectively. The validated method had acceptable linearity (R2 = 0.9978 - 0.9993), the limit of detection (8.18x10-5 - 0.0075), the limit of quantification (2.7x10-4 - 0.025), recovery (75 - 106.87%) and precision (4.77 - 13.97 %). The hazard index (HI) of the metals was less than one showing insignificant non-carcinogenic risk from exposure to a single or multiple possibly toxic elements from the studied ginger samples.
Constructing a graphical representation of the brain from functional MRI
Authors: Bica Mihai Teodor
Published: January 2024

This study aims to investigate alterations in brain connectivity, specifically within the Resting State Network (RSN), among adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to well-matched healthy controls. Employing functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), the research focuses on using two statistical approaches, namely Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC) and Mutual Information (MI), to discern changes in connectivity patterns. Resting state fMRI data from 102 adolescents diagnosed with MDD and 34 healthy controls were analyzed. The study utilized PPMCC and MI to assess correlations between different brain regions within the RSN. The investigation scrutinized whether these statistical approaches yield consistent results and explored their efficacy in detecting alterations in brain connectivity associated with depression. While PPMCC analysis revealed no significant differences between any brain regions, MI analysis demonstrated substantial changes in the connectivity of 39 specific brain regions. The study underscores the sensitivity and robustness of the MI technique, establishing it as a more effective method for discerning connectivity variations associated with major depressive disorder. The findings emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate statistical methods in neuroimaging studies. The application of MI in analyzing resting state fMRI data proves to be a valuable tool for identifying nuanced alterations in brain connectivity associated with depression. This insight contributes to refining diagnostic approaches and potentially informs the development of targeted interventions for adolescents with major depressive disorder.
Regulamentação e financiamento do Estado brasileiro em Comunidades Terapêuticas para usuários de drogas: análise crítica a partir de uma Comunidade Terapêutica italiana
Authors: Miranda Tiago
Published: January 2024

Em 2003, o Ministério da Saúde estabeleceu os princípios da Reforma Psiquiátrica e do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) aliados ao paradigma da redução de danos como orientadores da política nacional de atenção à saúde de pessoas que fazem uso de drogas. Todavia, posteriormente o Estado brasileiro passou a investir política e financeiramente em Comunidades Terapêuticas (CTs) para usuários de drogas, modelo institucional ao qual o Ministério da Saúde se opôs nominalmente quando determinou sua política de atenção à saúde na área das drogas.

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar um posicionamento sobre a regulamentação e o financiamento do Estado brasileiro em CTs especificamente pela perspectiva da Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileira. Para isso, realiza-se uma rigorosa análise acerca deste modelo de cuidado à luz de princípios da Reforma Psiquiátrica, partindo do entendimento de que os recursos públicos devem ser empregados em modelos institucionais que respeitem a política oficial de saúde mental do Brasil.

Analisam-se as CTs brasileiras tendo por referência uma experiência ocorrida na década de 1960 da Itália, onde um grupo liderado por Franco Basaglia buscou operar mudanças no modo de funcionamento de um hospital psiquiátrico. As críticas ao manicômio empreendidas nesta experiência – também alcunhada de Comunidade Terapêutica – foram incorporadas à Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileira sob a forma de princípios e diretrizes. Assim, a ação basagliana em Gorizia é valioso recurso para evidenciar alguns dos questionamentos ao investimento público em CTs para usuários de drogas.
Acompanhamento dos doentes crônicos na Atenção Primária à Saúde:
Authors: Damin Pacheco Suelen , Raupp Trajano Quéli , Martinhago Borges Fernandes Vanessa , Lisiane Viertel Vieira Ilse
Published: January 2024

Introdução: O novo coronavírus foi identificado em dezembro de 2019, um vírus altamente contagioso que se espalhou rapidamente pelo mundo, sendo que em março de 2020 foi declarada a pandemia pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. No Brasil, no ano de 2020, contabilizava-se 210.147.125 habitantes, neste mesmo período foram confirmados 7.675.973 casos da doença e 194.949 óbitos. Objetivo: Conhecer as dificuldades que os profissionais de saúde da Atenção Primária à Saúde enfrentam no acompanhamento dos pacientes com doença crônica durante a pandemia do COVID-19. Método: Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, do tipo exploratório-descritivo, através de entrevista semiestruturada, com 28 profissionais de saúde de cinco Unidades Básicas de Saúde de um município de Santa Catarina, Brasil, o período de coleta foi em julho de 2021, e a análise de dados foi através da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: A partir da análise emergiram três categorias: “O cenário pré-pandemia”, “O impacto do enfrentamento ao COVID-19”, “A adaptação às novas rotinas” Conclusão: Durante a pandemia as Unidades Básicas de Saúde reorganizaram seus serviços de modo a atenderem prioritariamente os pacientes com sintomas de COVID-19. Evidenciou-se no estudo, a falta de acompanhamento das pessoas com condições crônicas neste período e a habilidade das equipes em adaptar-se em um momento tão difícil. Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde, Doença Crônica, Hipertensão, Diabetes Mellitus, Infecções por Coronavirus, COVID-19.
Projeto Echo na preservação e controle de infecções por COVID-19: Uma estratégia de resposta efetiva
Authors: Eduardo da Silva Raniel
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Descrever o impacto da implementação do Projeto de Extensão para Resultados de Saúde Comunitária (ECHO) em resposta à SARS-CoV-2. Método: Estudo descritivo documental que utilizou as bases de dados do iECHO, da University of New Mexico, relacionados ao programa “Prevenção e Controle de Infecções” para análise do seu impacto. Foram utilizados dois instrumentos de coleta para dados secundários. Resultados: Analisados dois ciclos de sessões, com 199 e 127 participantes, de 18 Estados brasileiros e 4 países da América latina, no primeiro e segundo ciclo, respectivamente. Quanto ao impacto 58,4% dos participantes mencionaram terem algum conhecimento antes da sessão, e após sessão 65,7% dos participantes indicaram ter muito conhecimento sobre o tópico abordado. A respeito da relevância das sessões, o 56% dos registros indicou que os participantes o consideraram extremamente relevante. Por outro lado, 95% das respostas indicaram serem as sessões bem equilibradas, quando relacionadas às variáveis palestra e interatividade. Todavia, segundo os registros, 89,7% dos participantes recomendariam “muito provavelmente” as sessões para um colega. Conclusão: Por meio da análise foi possível verificar o impacto positivo da implementação do Projeto ECHO em resposta à SARS-CoV-2. Todavia, verificou-se participação expressiva de profissionais de vários estados, inclusive alguns países da América Latina.
A atuação da Comissão Externa da Câmara dos Deputados destinada a acompanhar o enfrentamento à pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Varela Alexandre , Delduque Maria Celia
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: analisar a atuação da Comissão Externa da Câmara dos Deputados destinada a acompanhar o Enfrentamento à Pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil. Metodologia: tratou-se de estudo documental qualitativo em que a unidade de pesquisa foi a comissão externa e os projetos de lei por ela priorizados. Resultados: ao menos 12 projetos priorizados pela comissão foram transformados em lei, nenhum de autoria do Poder Executivo. Conclusão: a Comissão Externa teve atuação condizente com o esperado pela sociedade.
Shrimp Farming: Methods Of Harvesting
Authors: Olagunju Justin
Published: January 2024

Not applicable
Hermenêutica Filosófica na Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental
Authors: Cachoeira Marlene Cesari , Sousa Robson Simplicio de
Published: January 2024

No campo da Educação ambiental (EA), ainda predomina um paradigma de racionalidade em que o sujeito vive numa postura de superioridade e dominação em relação ao ambiente. Neste artigo, buscamos conhecer como se mostra a Hermenêutica Filosófica, uma experiência ontológica que busca a compreensão, nas produções de Educação Ambiental. O estudo buscou artigos para compreender como se mostra a Hermenêutica Filosófica em produções de Educação Ambiental. A análise foi através da metodologia Análise Textual discursiva (ATD), em que emergiram duas categorias: i. A Hermenêutica Filosófica se opõe à cisão sujeito-objeto: possibilidades de questionamento da cisão humano-ambiente numa herança de Educação Ambiental antropocêntrica; ii. A linguagem e o diálogo hermenêutico no processo da interpretação e compreensão à Educação Ambiental. O corpus analisado mostrou elementos importantes da Hermenêutica Filosófica para a compreensão da relação sujeito e ambiente, contribuições significativas à EA.
 
[1] Este texto é parte de uma pesquisa de Mestrado Acadêmico.
From Communicative Competence to Intercultural Communicative Competence: A Retrospect
Authors: Airoldi Delia , Costantini Francesco
Published: January 2024

The notion of “Communicative Competence” has often been discussed in view of the challenges that intercultural interactions pose to the notion itself, especially as the notion was originally conceived by abstracting it from multicultural environments. From the 1990s a new idea challenged the notion, which was that any interaction is in some sense an encounter between different cultures and that interaction between speakers coming from different countries is only an extreme condition of this. Thus, the idea of “intercultural communicative competence” has been introduced to complement the idea of communicative competence. The discussion has led to define the concept of “intercultural speaker” as a reference point for a theory of communicative practices in multicultural environments as well as the notion of Intercultural Communicative Competence. The present article presents the debate that starts from the definition of “Communicative Competence” and has brought the field to today’s models of “Intercultural Communicative Competence”.
The Teaching of Gestural Communication as a Didactic Tool to Address Social Inclusion
Authors: Oviedo Alejandro , Wintrich Sophie , Susanne Susanne
Published: January 2024

This text is an accompanying reading for the ESP (English for Specific Purposes) curriculum produced under the IN-COMM GUIDE project (Erasmus+, 2022–2023). The text is for those teaching courses derived from the curriculum, which aims to enhance communicative skills through methods developed from 1) travel writing, 2) nonverbal communication and 3) movement. A complementary objective of the curriculum is to sensitize students towards inclusion. In this text points 2 and 4 are thematized, initially through a review of the specialized literature on gestures, sign languages and intercultural as well as nonverbal communication. Additionnally, classroom experiences carried out by the authors are described: students performed tasks in the absence of language, that led them to adopt collaborative strategies. In addition, a brief overview of the current situation in the research and teaching activities of the DGS (Deutsche Gebärdensprache) in Germany is presented. In the subsequent reflections, the projection of one's own experience towards the situation experienced daily by people with communication barriers due to sensory disabilities (e.g., deafness) or migratory contexts is made. This projection, critically reflected, provides an interesting starting point for understanding the individual role of each citizen in ensuring social inclusion.
Communication Competences of a Tourist Guide as Presented in the Films My Life in Ruins and Jungle Cruise
Authors: Nered Tadej
Published: January 2024

Tourist guides play a vital role in tourism by forming one of the most important professions in the tourism industry. This chapter presents the tasks and competences of the guides as shown in the selected films My Life in Ruins and Jungle Cruise and highlights the communication competences that they must have to meet the demands and expectations of tourists. For this purpose, we analyzed the selected characters' communication competences through content analysis and presented our findings. However, since the assessment of the development of communication competences should not only rely on fictional characters, we also conducted semi-structured interviews with professional tourist guides, which gave us a broader and more realistic picture of the expected communication competences.
Case study: Identity Journaling in Travel Research
Authors: Chicot Feindouno Clarisse , Mansfield Charlie , Wassler Philipp
Published: January 2024

This chapter explores the development of identity through the practice of literary travel writing in a learning environment. It gives the background and details of the development of blended learning materials that emerged from an ERASMUS+ mobility programme between Slovenia and the United Kingdom. Travel stories that came from learners on the course are reproduced and an analysis is provided to engage readers and visitors with this very particular approach to recording or journaling memories and travel experiences.
Effect of Blood Bags Storage Time on The Quality of HIV Pre Transfusion Test Result: Preliminary Study in Blood Bank’s dr. Ben Mboi Ruteng Manggarai District, East Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Suryani Yani , Taupiqurrohman Opik , Reynerius Yohanes
Published: January 2024

Research on the effect of storage time on blood quality has been conducted. The purpose of this study is to determine the quality changes caused by the length of storage. The test parameter is the change in blood to become HIV positive. The blood testing process is carried out by immune chromatography on blood that has been stored for 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks and 5 weeks. Test results show changes in blood quality during storage. Time does not show a difference in changes in blood quality, however it needs to be aware, because the stored blood changes.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDOPHYTIC MOLDS ON LEAVES AND STEMS OF TEA MISTLETOE (Scurrula atropurpurea (Bl.) Dans)
Authors: Widyanti Maidhatul Rosidha , Sjakoer Nour Athiroh Abdoes , Mubarakati Nurul Jadid , Fatimah Fatimah
Published: January 2024

Mistletoe tea is a parasitic plant that lives on its host, and this plant has potential as an herb. The tea plant parasite has several metabolites, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, triterpenes, saponins, and tannins. The metabolite compounds produced by endophytic fungi have potential as herbs. Metabolite compounds are not only produced by mistletoe tea but are also produced by endophytic molds. This research aimed to isolate and characterize endophytic molds macroscopically and microscopically. This research uses an descriptive methods. Plant samples using mistletoe tea (Scurrula atropurpurea (Bl.) Dans) with the stages of sampling, making PDA media, isolation of endophytic molds, purification and macroscopic and microscopic characterization. Endophytic fungi that have been isolated were characterized by macroscopic and microscopic characterization. The results of the macroscopic and microscopic characterization research showed that seven isolates of mold were successfully isolated and characterized. Microscopic characterization found five different genus among the molds Alternaria sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp. and Fusarium sp
Arrythmia in Congenital Heart Diseases, Where Are We?
Authors: Nour Amira
Published: January 2024

Background: Arrythmia is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with congenital heart diseases. It has multifactorial predisposing factor as congenitally malformed or displaced conduction system, hemodynamic, mechanical or hypoxic stress and residual or postoperative sequelae. Methods: This was a prospective observational study involving all patients who were following up or referred to congenital and structural heart disease unit in our department over a period of 42 months and were discovered to have significant symptomatic cardiac arrhythmia. A detailed custom-made sheet was applied to all eligible patients to collect demographic data, underlying congenital heart disease, type of arrhythmia and possible management and/or outcome. Results: The study population included 107 patients with different congenital heart diseases with mean age 20.47+/- 13.2. Bradyarrhythmia were more common (67%) than tachyarrhythmia. Post-operative CHB was the most common bradyarrythmia. One third of the patients had atrial or ventricular tachyarrythmia. Post Fallot repair patients developed ventricular tachycardia while patients with Ebstein anomaly more commonly developed atrial tachycardias, flutter or SVT. Patients with CHB were managed with transvenous pacing (51%), epicardial pacing (16%), two patients with CCTGA with impaired RV functions underwent CRT implantation, two patients post Fallot repair underwent ICD implantation. Conclusion: Patients with CHD are subjected to wide range of arrhythmias. Postoperative complete heart block was the commonest arrhythmia in this registry especially in patients with L-TGA, AVSD and VSD. Tachyarrythmias accounted for one third of the patients. Atriotomy incisions, sutures, and conduit is a major risk factor for post-operative atrial tachycardia. The use of ICDs and CRT in patient with congenital heart diseases have proven relative efficacy.
Electrical Storm in Patients with Inappropriate Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy: Current Trends in Clinical Practice between Guidelines and Technology Progress
Authors: Santomauro Maurizio
Published: January 2024

The term “Electrical Storm” (ES) indicates cardiac electrical instability manifested by several episodes of ventricular tachyarrhythmias within a short time. In the contemporary implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) era, ES is defined as recurrent (three or more separate episodes) of ICD discharges over 24 hours. Some ESs are due to inappropriate repetitive shock and are potentially lethal for the patient. The most common causes of inappropriate ICD shock include supraventricular tachycardia with high ventricular response and oversening of peaked T waves or R wave, myopotentials or electrical noise. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment are critical in the Emergency Department. To approach these patients systematically, it is important to understand, that there are four causes of shock. Modern ICD incorporate sophisticated tachycardia detection algorithms within their programming designed to minimize devices’ detection mistakes and ICD-related information can also be checked using remote home monitoring systems. However, these opportunities are often not utilized to their full benefit. Thus, careful attention should be paid to the programming of the device. Fine tuning of the detection and differentiation algorithms is critical, and best done by a practitioner who understands the subtle differences among the different manufacturers. The racommendations for those problems should be revised.
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Due to Gestational Hypertension and Tocolytic Therapy
Authors: Chelikikj A
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare and sometimes fatal systolic heart failure that affects women during late pregnancy or the early postpartum period. Risk factors contributing to this condition are: advanced maternal age, multiparity, administration of tocolytic agents, underlying cardiac disease, iatrogenic volume overload, preeclampsia, hypertension and In patients with gestational hypertension (GH) and other risk factors close monitoring is mandatory during pregnancy as well as in the postpartum period. Case report: A 38 year- old patient previously treated for endometriosis, infertility and GH was transferred from the Clinic of Gynecology due to diagnosed congestive heart failure. Five days prior admission she gave birth to her first child. Prior delivery she was treated with tocolytic therapy. She received methyldopa due to GH, that was abruptly discontinued after her delivery. Echocardiography on admission revealed moderately reduced left ventricular systolic function with an ejection fraction (EF) of 37% with dilated left ventricle (LV) and pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) secondary to left ventricular failure. During hospitalization the patient was with signs of volume overload, but with well response on parenteral diuretic therapy. She was additionally treated with guideline recommended heart failure therapy. The controlled echocardiography showed improvement of the left ventricular function with an EF of 42%. Conclusion: PPCM is a rare condition with high morbidity and mortality. An LVEF <30%, marked LV dilatation, LV end-diastolic diameter >6.0 cm, and RV involvement are associated with adverse outcomes. Although delivery of the fetus and the placenta trigger resolution of symptoms and recovery to the nonpregnant state of various organism, the contrary happens with blood pressure. Its peaking time is three to six days after delivery. Hypertension medication must not be immediately terminated. Prolonged tocolytic therapy are a risk factor for PPCM due to causing decreased baroreflex sensitivity Patients with risk factors should be closely monitored for eventual cardiac complications.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Enterococcus sp. dari Feses Lutung Jawa (Trachypitecus auratus) di Javan Langur Center
Authors: Setyaningrum Aisyah , Mahatmi Hapsari , Widyastuti Sri Kayati
Published: January 2024

Populasi lutung jawa (Trachypithecus auratus) yang semakin sedikit di alam, saat ini hanya sekitar 500 ekor. Hal ini disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, diantaranya perburuan gelap, perubahan pola makan dan penyakit. Upaya untuk pelestarian telah dilakukan, namun karena sangat sedikit informasi ilmiah yang dilaporkan, sehingga upaya hanya sebatas pada tindakan fisik seperti metode penangkaran. Sampai saat ini belum ada penelitian tentang keberadaan Enterococcus sp. pada lutung jawa, khususnya pada saluran ususnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya Enterococcus sp. pada saluran usus lutung jawa, karena bakteri ini merupakan reservoir penting dari gen resistansi antibiotik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di pusat penangkaran lutung jawa di Javan Langur Center. Sampel lutung jawa (Trachypitechus auratus) sebanyak dua ekor yang baru masuk ke penangkaran. Spesimen berupa swab rektum yang diambil dengan menggunakan cotton swab steril sesuai dengan prosedur medical check-up. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan metode isolasi pada media Sheep Blood Agar (SBA) dan MacConkey Agar (MCA) dan pewarnaan Gram serta dilanjutkan dengan prosedur identifikasi menggunakan uji biokimia meliputi: Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA), uji Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM), uji Simmon Citrate Agar, uji Methyl Red Voges Proskauer (MRVP), dan uji urease. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa semua sampel lutung jawa yang baru masuk penangkaran ternyata semua ditemukan adanya Enterococcus sp. di saluran ususnya. Hal ini sangat menarik untuk dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut tentang adanya sifat resistensi antibiotik, yang sangat erat kaitannya dengan kesehatan manusia
Prevalensi dan Histopatologi Proventrikulus pada Itik Bali yang Terinfeksi Cacing Tetrameres spp. di Bali
Authors: Yulianda Yessie , Dwinata I Made , Winaya Ida Bagus Oka
Published: January 2024

Itik merupakan ternak unggas penghasil dagingdan teluryang memiliki kandungan protein tinggi dan lebih tahan terhadap penyakit dibandingkan ayam. Salah satu parasit yang dapat menginfeksi sistem pencernaan itik adalah cacing Tetrameres spp. yang berpredileksi pada proventrikulusitik.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan perubahan histopatologi proventrikulus pada itik di Bali yang terinfeksi cacing Tetrameres spp.. Sampel itik berjumlah 50 ekor diambil dengan metode purposive sampling pada itik hidup yang dijual di Pasar Badung dan Pasar Gianyar. Itikdikelompokkan berdasarkan lokasi pasar tempat pembelian itik, umur,dan jenis kelamin itik. Itikdinekropsi dan proventrikulus itik yang positif terinfeksi Tetrameres spp.diawetkandengan Bouin Solutionuntuk dijadikan preparat histopatologi dengan menggunakan pewarnaan Hematoxylin Eosin(HE). Perubahan histopatologi yang terjadi akan dianalisis secara deskriktif kuantitatif dan hubungan antara lokasi pasar tempat pembelian itik, umurdan jenis kelamin itik dengan prevalensi di analisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Prevalensi cacing Tetrameres spp.padaitik di Bali sebesar 12%.Perubahan histopatologi yang diterjadi pada proventrikulus itik yang terinfeksi yaitu: terjadinya nekrosispada vili yang terdapat pada proventrikulus itik, kelenjar proventrikulusitikmengalami atrofi, ditemukan adanya sel radang dengan sedikit fibroblaspada proventrikulus itik, dan ditemukannya tubuhdari cacing Tetrameres spp.di proventrikulus itik yang terinfeksi. Kesimpulanya adalah lokasipasar tempat pembelian itik, umur, dan jenis kelamin itik tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang berpengaruh nyata dengan prevalensi.
The Headmaster's Supervision Strategies in Building Character Education at MIS Guppi 12 Lubuk Kembang.
Authors: Effendi Mardian , Warlizasusi Jumira , Harahap Emmi Kholillah
Published: January 2024

This research aims to explore and analyze the implementation of character education strategies in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MIS) Guppi 12 Lubuk Kembang. The research method employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis, focusing on classroom dynamics, extracurricular activities, and documents related to the character education program. The results of the study indicate that the school principal and the character development team successfully integrated character values into the curriculum and extracurricular activities. Support and training provided to teachers through a reward system also proved effective in motivating students. Regular monitoring and evaluation support continuous improvement, creating a profound learning environment. This research contributes to a better understanding of character education practices at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level and provides a foundation for the development of more effective strategies in the future.
Peran Kepala Sekolah Sebagai Supervisor Pendidikan Dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Profesional Guru di SMP Quran Darul Fattah Bandar Lampung
Authors: Syahyudi Arman , Pahrudin Agus , Hadiati Eti , Ayu Sovia Mas , Junaidah Junaidah
Published: January 2024

Kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor memiliki tanggung jawab untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam mengelola proses pembelajaran serta memiliki peran penting terhadap kemajuan dan perkembangan sekolah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan pengumpulan data, kondensasi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Uji keabsahan data dengang menggunakan triangulasi data. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor telah melakukan pembinaan kepada guru dalam melaksanakan proses pembelajaran di sekolah. Kepala sekolah sudah melakukan pengawasan kepada guru dengan baik dan secara langsung di dalam kelas pada saat proses pembelajaran. Kepala sekolah telah mengembangkan kemampuan guru dengan melakukan pelatihan atau mengikuti seminar dalam menunjang kemampuan guru. Kepala sekolah sudah menuntut guru agar menggunakan strategi dalam pemberian materi di sekolah agar siswa menjadi lebih semangat dalam belajar. Kepala sekolah sebagai superisor sudah menjalankan tugasnya dengan baik di sekolah agar guru yang ada di sekolah dapat meningkatkan kualitas dalam memberikan materi dan menjadi lebih professional dalam bekerja.
Kota Qom Sebagai Pusat Pendidikan Madzhab Syi’ah: Sejarah dan Perkembangannya
Authors: El-Razy KM. Ridho , Asari Hasan , Badaruddin KMS. , Zailia ST , Fahira Dina
Published: January 2024

Isu-isu sensitif kemadzhaban antara Sunni dan Syi'ah kian marak memenuhi ruang informasi masyarakat Indonesia terutama pasca meletusnya Perang Saudara Suriah. Selain itu, para mahasiswa Indonesia lulusan Kota Qom, Iran, dianggap sebagai generasi Syi'ah terbaru yang memiliki misi menyebarkan kesyi'ahan dan kerap berkonflik dengan kelompok lain. Tulisan ini berusaha menjawab rumusan masalah, "bagaimana sejarah dan perkembangan Kota Qom sebagai pusat pendidikan madzhab Syi’ah di Iran ?." Metodologi penulisan yang dipakai ialah berdasarkan pendekatan kualitatif melalui penyelidikan historik dengan melakukan studi pengumpulan data dokumentasi. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa Qom telah menjadi basis penting kesyi'ahan di Persia sejak banyak Kaum Alawi (keturunan Ali bin Abi Thalib) bermigrasi di awal abad masa keislaman. Kemudian antara abad ke-9 hingga ke-10 berdiri dua situs penting perziarahan Syi'ah yakni Makam Fathimah Ma'shumah dan Masjid Jamkaran. Pada rentang yang sama Fuqaha generasi Awal Syi'ah bermukim di sini yakni Syaikh Shaduq dan Syaikh Al-Kulaini. Namun peran vital Qom menguat di masa Safawi hingga Qajar antara abad ke-16 hingga ke-19 dengan Madrasah Feiziyeh sebagai ikonnya. Filsuf Syi'ah juga sempat berkarya di sana, antara lain Mulla Shadra dan Mulla Al-Razzaq Lahiji. Meski melemah di awal abad ke-20, peran Ayatollah Haeri Yazdi dalam membangun Hauzah Ilmiah / Seminari Qom pada 1922 menandai kemajuan yang bahkan menyaingi Najaf sebagai pusat pendidikan Syi'ah. Ayatollah Khomeini adalah tokoh besar lulusan sekolah itu yang menjadikan Qom sebagai basis Revolusi Iran 1979. Hingga sekarang kota ini diperhitungkan dalam pendidikan kesyi'ahan.