bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To the Issue of Solid Municipal Waste in the Irkutsk Region
Authors: Rzhepka Elina A. , Sokolov Sergey N. , Rzhepka Taisia P.
Published: September 2023

The article presents data on solid municipal waste (SMW) in the Irkutsk region as the main source of pollution of urban and suburban ecosystems. SMW is currently the most massive and dangerous type of waste, which can lead to irreversible consequences. In Russia, very active attention is being paid to the issues of waste collection and recycling in recent years. The objectives, which the authors set themselves, are a detailed analysis of the situation of SMW in the Irkutsk region. Special attention is focused on the location of already existing facilities as well as planned until 2027 ones. Unfortunately, the population of the Irkutsk region is not yet ready for mass separation of garbage according to its origin and recyclability, but a number of measures are proposed to change the situation. Statistical, comparative-geographical, cartographical and the method of comparative analysis and synthesis were used. The paper presents an analysis of the work of regional operators in accordance with the federal project Integrated system of SMW management carried out for the first time. The amount of waste taken to landfills in the Irkutsk region should be reduced by half by 2030 while sorted waste should gain 100 per cent of all garbage thrown away. The study results in the following conclusions: the region is not ready for processing and recycling of certain categories of waste such as glass or galvanic elements. There are simply no recycling facilities for a number of wastes, which leads to uncontrolled emissions and disturbance of the environment (soil, water, and atmospheric air) but the Government of Russia and the Irkutsk Region authorities are actively reforming the system of SMW management.
Confucian and Protestant Work Ethics Among Polish and Korean Employees and Small Business Owners
Authors: Domurat Artur , Zajenkowska Anna
Published: September 2023

In this research, we investigated Confucian and Protestant work ethics (CWE and PWE) among 160 Polish and Korean respondents, distributed into balanced groups with regard to region, occupational status, and gender. We found that Koreans revealed higher levels of PWE than did Poles. CWE turned out to be not exclusive to Asian cultures, as Poles scored higher than did Koreans. The results support the necessity of reconciling cultural differences. We think that values, which are believed to support economic development, are not related to one particular work ethic.
Interculturalised Japanese Logic and Values in the Aftermath of the March 2011 Crisis
Authors: Link Renate
Published: September 2023

This paper examines the notions of Western versus Eastern logic by taking a closer look at the Japanese mindset giving examples from fields ranging from superstition to hygiene. Based on this evaluation, the ten major concepts of Japanese society are explained and analysed with the help of intercultural dimensions by researchers such as Hall, Hofstede and Trompenaars & Hampden-Turner together with empirical examples from cross-cultural encounters with Japanese people. Everyday-life situations are reported on as well as historic and economic aspects, with the impact of the triple earthquake, tsunami and nuclear crisis of March 2011 also being taken into account.
Cultural Differences in Conflict Management Styles in East and West Organizations Employing Holism as a Cultural Theoretical Frame to Investigate South Korean and U.S. Employee Conflict Management Styles
Authors: Kim Jihyun , Meyers Renée A.
Published: September 2023

This study employed a new theoretical frame, holism, to distinguish cultural differences in conflict management strategy preference. Results indicated that S. Koreans showed more holistic tendencies than U.S. employees, and higher scores on a holism measure were positively related to ratings of the collaborative style (S. Korean preferred style) and negatively related to ratings of the avoidant style (U.S. preferred style). In comparisons across the two cultures, S. Koreans preferred collaborating, compromising, and accommodating styles, whereas U.S. participants preferred the avoiding style. Although additional investigation is needed to further explore how holism can be used to explain cultural differences, these results point to the richness of this new cultural value as a theoretical framework and suggest its potential for future investigations.
Cross-Cultural Discourse Analysis and Intercultural Education in Foreign Language Teaching and Learning
Authors: Münchow Patricia von
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this paper is to bring about the role a contrastive approach called Cross-Cultural Discourse Analysis can play in the design and the implementation of intercultural education activities in the language classroom. The author briefly describes the methodology of Cross-Cultural Discourse Analysis in research and connects this methodology with intercultural education. She further explains how to proceed in a language and intercultural education classroom, step by step, using concrete examples. A final discussion concerns the controversial goal of investigating cultures on the level of ethno-linguistic communities by means of comparison in intercultural research and education.
Communication Experiences of Ugandan Immigrants during Acculturation to the United States A Preliminary Study
Authors: Muwanguzi Samuel , Musambira George W.
Published: September 2023

This study examined the communication experiences of a section of Ugandan immigrants during their acculturation process to the U.S. Kim’s theory of communication cultural adaptation was applied to identify the communication challenges and strategies used in the acculturation process. Ten women and twelve men were interviewed for the study. Four themes emerged: language, superiority and discrimination, self-promotion and aggressiveness, and adaptation and cultural change. The findings indicated that Ugandans have pursued a strategy of cultural integration as opposed to marginalization, assimilation, or separation. The findings can be used to aid both the immigrants and members of the U.S. host culture to better prepare for intercultural communication involving the two cultures. Also, the research breaks the ground for future studies on a wider array of Ugandan and other African immigrant communities whose unique communication experiences during their acculturation in U.S. have been overlooked.
Empire and Ethics Towards a Normative Theory of Intercultural Communication
Authors: Fretheim Kjetil
Published: September 2023

In this paper I identify key features of communication and then ask in what ways power is a feature of intercultural communication. I discuss this by making use of key concepts from postcolonial theory: Empire, marginalisation and hybridity. Secondly, I discuss how the understanding of intercultural communication practice and theory should be informed by ethical considerations. I argue the presence of Empire puts a moral obligation on the relatively powerful to be aware of his or her role and function when communicating with the relatively weak and vulnerable.
The Development of Intercultural Relationships at Work Polish Migrant Workers in Finland
Authors: Lahti Malgorzata , Valo Maarit
Published: September 2023

This article offers an interpersonal communication perspective on relational processes in a workplace affected by the international flow of labor migration. We investigate how temporary migrant workers and their foreign colleagues perceive developing interpersonal relationships with each other through an analysis of in-depth interviews with employees of a Finnish recruitment agency and Polish metal workers it has recruited. The recruitment agents talk about their relationships with the recruited Polish workers; the Polish workers also describe their relationships with their Finnish colleagues at the customer company. The context under investigation emerges as rich in relational processes. The development of intercultural workplace relationships is analyzed in terms of motives for and against engaging in relational growth, as well as behaviors enacted to develop or not develop relationships.
We were like them” Intersecting Identities and Mediators' Intercultural Communication in a Municipal Service
Authors: Soru Dorian , Schiavinato Valentina , Rhazzali Mohammed Khalid , Aiello Antonio
Published: September 2023

The main aim of this article is to present an intercultural communication study conducted in a municipal service, which focuses on how cultural mediators make sense of their work with migrants, being both representatives of an Italian institution as well as former foreigners/migrants themselves: their shared everyday context, common destiny and their understanding of users’ experiences. The study, on the whole, underlines how cultural mediators use personal aspects of their own lives to build a “bridge” between the migrant users and the institutions they represent, thus lessening the gap between migrants' past experience and their present lives.
Mild combat-related head injuries: current features
Authors: Tsymbaliuk Vitalii , Posokhov Mykola , Suprun Elina
Published: September 2023

Based on a review of the literature, modern problems of neurosurgical treatment of craniocerebral injuries that occur, including during hostilities, are considered, most of which are patients with concussion and mild brain contusions, that is, mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). It has been shown that patients with MTBI need special attention due to the underestimation of their condition and the inadequacy of treatment and rehabilitation in the acute period, which significantly aggravates the prognosis of the long-term period. The analysis of existing ideas about the pathogenesis of the formation of clinical, immunological and neuroendocrine disorders, the ratio of focal organic and neurodynamic disorders at different times of the remote period of MTBI was carried out, which will allow developing effective algorithms for diagnostic examination, medical observation of such patients to improve treatment results and prevent social and household maladaptation.
Key words: traumatic brain injury, injury severity, diagnostic accuracy, clinical decision rule
Problems of Fulfilment of an Obligation When Challenging an Assignment
Authors:   S.S. Alekseev Research Center for Private Law under the President of the Russian Federation, Evstigneev Eduard A. E
Published: September 2023

In this article, the author analyses the current state of the institution of assignment through the prism of fulfilment of an obligation of debtors in the conditions of contesting the assignment agreement. The author states that the existing provisions of the Bankruptcy Law grossly and unreasonably violate the basic principles of the institution of assignment. In particular, this leads to a violation of the principle «the position of the debtor cannot be worsened by the assignment of the right to claim». The author comes to the conclusion that if this principle is consistently followed, then a balance of interests is possible, in which the debtor is obliged to exercise due diligence in relation to the circumstances associated with the invalidity of the transaction for the direct transfer of the assigned right. Based on this principle, in the conditions of challenging the assignment agreement, the debtor must in any case be considered in good faith if there is a decision that has entered into force on the validity of the assignment of the right to claim.
Utilitarian Non-Replaceable Tokens in the Russian Law Enforcement: Problems of Legalisation
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kharitonova Yulia S.
Published: September 2023

The rise of distributed ledger technology and the growth of the crypto-economy has led to the evolution of non fungible tokens from digital image rights authentication to utility solutions that allow consumers to benefit from the possession of rights in the community. The legal analysis of utilitarian non-fungible tokens leads to the need to apply the provisions of the law on utilitarian digital rights to tokenisation services. However, possessing the features of digital rights, utilitarian NFTs cannot always be the object of investment, which requires the exclusion of such tokens from the scope of regulation of the law on crowdfunding.
Conformal Self Mappings of the Fundamental Domains of Analytic Functions and Computer Experimentation
Authors: Albişoru Andrei-Florin , Ghişa Dorin
Published: September 2023

Conformal self mappings of a given domain of the complex plane can be obtained by using the Riemann Mapping Theorem in the following way. Two different conformal mappings φ and ψ of that domain onto one of the standard domains: the unit disc, the complex plane or the Riemann sphere are taken and then ψ −1 ◦ φ is what we are looking for. Yet, this is just a theoretical construction, since the Riemann Mapping Theorem does not offer any concrete expression of those functions. The Möbius transformations are concrete, but they can be used only for particular circular domains. We are proving in this paper that conformal self mappings of any fundamental domain of an arbitrary analytic function can be obtained via Möbius transformations as long as we allow that domain to have slits. Moreover, those mappings enjoy group properties. This is a totally new topic. Although fundamental domains of some elementary functions are well known, the existence of such domains for arbitrary analytic functions has been proved only in our previous publications mentioned in the References section. No other publication exists on this topic and the reference list is complete. We deal here with conformal self mappings of fundamental domains in its whole generality and present sustaining illustrations. Those related to the case of Dirichlet functions represent a real achievement. Computer experimentation with these mappings are made for the most familiar analytic functions.
Perceptions regarding Flipped Classroom teaching method among first year MBBS students in a Medical College in National Capital Region, India
Authors: Abhilasha Priya  , Prajna Paramita Samanta  , Khushboo Juneja  , Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman
Published: September 2023

Background: Flipped classroom aims at exposing the students to teaching material outside of class first andutilizing the class time in deeper understanding of the topic with the discussion in the presence of the teacher. It isa method of teaching learning wherein the students take responsibility of their learning. The present study was toconducted to introduce flipped classroom approach as teaching learning method and to obtain students feedback.Materials and method: The study was descriptive study done in the Department of Anatomy after obtaining theIEC clearance. First year MBBS students who volunteered to participate (138 out of 150) were included in the studyafter obtaining informed consent. The students were given a pre-class reading material in form of PowerPointPresentation with voice over for the topics selected for flipped class using Institutional Learning ManagementSystem (LMS) seven days before the class. Class time was utilized in discussion of the topic. A questionnairewas used which was validated by other faculty members. Responses were collected using a 5 point Likert scale.Analysis was done by Microsoft Excel 2010.Results: The concept of flipped classroom was well accepted by the students. It was observed that 70% of thestudents found flipped classroom is more interesting method of learning anatomy compared to traditional lectures.30% of the students believed flipped class required more time and more preparation. They were of the view thatthese classes were more interesting, interactive, and motivated them to learn compared to the didactic lectures.Conclusion: Flipped classroom is not a new concept. However, in our country this concept of teaching learning isnot very commonly used in medical colleges and can be used as an alternative to the traditional lectures for betterunderstanding of the topic and can be used more often.
Safe Drinking Water Practices among the Households in Rural Field Practice Area of a Medical College: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Arshiya Taranum  , Shwetha TM  , Muhammed Muntazeem.G  , Bhaskar Kurre
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Drinking water and sanitation are the door way to health which is the pre-requisite for progress,social equity and human dignity to improve the quality of life of people. Limited access to safe drinking waterand poor sanitation can lead to under nutrition, water borne diseases, vector borne diseases and neglected tropicaldiseases.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 261 households of Singanodi Village which is the ruralfield practice area of Navodaya Medical College, Hospital & research centre, Raichur.The investigator had visitedand interviewed each household and conducted face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire whichincludes Socio- Demographic features and information on hygienic practices of water.Results: In this study majority of the households(69%) did not practice any water purification methods. 77.4%of the participants practiced hand-washing with soap and water after defecation. 90.4% of the households cleanthe water storage vessels daily. Significant association was found between diarrheal diseases with distance to getwater, water purification methods and hand washing with soap and water after defecation.Conclusions: This study reinforces the importance of health education which plays an importance role in theprevention of water borne diseases.
Anthropometric Assessment of Nutritional Status among Under-five Children Attending Government Immunization Centres in Bankura Municipality, West Bengal
Authors: Atanu Biswas  , Bisanka Biswas
Published: September 2023

Background: Malnutrition, a major public health problem in India, is one of the major reasons behind under-fivemorbidities and mortality. The NFHS-5 data (2019-21) shows a significant prevalence of underweight, stuntingand wasting at national, state and district levels. Identifying the problem and the reasons behind it can help usplanning necessary actions for reducing the burden of malnutrition in days to come.Objectives: To assess the nutritional status and to explore the different risk factors among under-five childrenattending government immunization centres in Bankura municipality, West BengalMaterials and methods: A total of 163 under-five children were included in the study. After receiving informedconsent from the accompanying person, they were interviewed and anthropometric measurements of the children,like height, weight, MUAC, were taken.Results: The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting, were 22.1%, 15.9% and 27.6% respectively. Differentfactors associated with undernutrition included socioeconomic status, mother’s employment status, maternal ageat childbirth, type of delivery, child-feeding practices like colostrum feeding, time of initiation of complementaryfeeding.Conclusions: A significant proportion of under-five children were found to be underweight, stunted or wasted.The majority of the associated factors identified were modifiable, and hence awareness generation in commonpeople may reduce the burden of undernutrition in under-five population.
Development and Application of Critical-Thinking and Decision-Making Skills’ Enhancement Module among School-Going Adolescents in Manipur: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Avantika Gupta  , Vijaya Elangbam  , Abhishek Mukherjee  , Pooja Akoijam
Published: September 2023

Background: Life skills aid as a principal catalyst to promote healthy adolescent development by preventing keycauses of death. Building critical-thinking and decision-making skills lays the foundation stone for unfolding allother essential life skills.Objectives: To evaluate effectiveness of an educational intervention module on critical-thinking and decisionmakingskills of school-going adolescents in Imphal West district, Manipur.Methods: Quasi-experimental study was conducted in co-educational state board schools of Imphal West districtof Manipur among classes IX and XI from December,2020 to October,2022 with 210 students in intervention and206 in control school. Structured questionnaire was self-administered at three time points. Health educationmodule devised by researchers, comprised of four sessions given at three weeks interval to intervention school.Chi-square test, Independent sample-t-test and ANOVA were applied for analysis.Results: Critical-thinking skills {Wilks’s Lambda=0.061,F(2,208)=1602.82,p<0.001, η2=0.94} and decision-makingskills {Wilk’s Lambda=0.11,F(2,208)=831.84,p<0.001, η2=0.89} of the experimental group improved significantlyacross the three time points but not for the control group. Between the group comparison indicated that meanchange in scores for both the skills was significantly greater for experimental group (p<0.001) when compared tocontrol. Life skills intervention module had a large effect size for both the skills at both the post-testsConclusion: This study affirmed the effectiveness of the educational intervention with significant improvementin both skills for experimental school immediately after the intervention which was sustained till the third month.
Assessment of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in Schools of Jammu District- A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Bhavna Sahni  , Dinesh Kumar  , Kiran Bala
Published: September 2023

Background: Provision of safe sanitation services reduces transmission of fecooral diseases, school drop outs,under-nutrition which in turn are important for overall development of children. The study was conducted toevaluate the adequacy of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in schools of rural Jammu.Methodology: A Cross Sectional survey was conducted in 54 (public and private) schools in rural Jammu usingthe questionnaire approved by the Global Task Team for Monitoring WASH in Schools.Results: Piped water was the main source of water supply. Facilities for drinking water were available in allschools. 94.3% schools had 1-9 drinking water points. All schools were doing filtration/chlorination of water. 51%schools reported water and soap availability in girl’s toilets and group hand washing activities were conductedonce a week in 31.5% schools. Toilets were cleaned once per day in 80% of the schools. 88% schools had toiletswithin school premises. Menstrual hygiene materials were available in 42 schools.Conclusions: Environment and sanitation facilities at most of the surveyed schools were reasonably good but notfully satisfactory.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Sellar, Parasellar and Suprasellar Lesions
Authors: Bodapati N V V D Prasad  , Y Thathayya Naidu  , Telagareddy Divya Jyothi
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is now widely available, and considerable body of experiencehas been accumulated in using it to evaluate this region. MRI is now accepted as the imaging procedure of choicein the evaluation of sellar and parasellar pathology.The aims and objectives are to know the characteristic MRIfeatures of the sellar, parasellar and suprasellar lesions and to describe the incidence of the various lesions andtheir age and sex distribution in the study population.Methodology: Prospective study of 30 patients referred for imaging having clinical features raising suspicion ofsellar, parasellar and suprasellar lesions. They underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain-sella using1.5 TESLA PHILIPS ACHIEVA MRI MACHINE in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, KIMS & RF, Amalapuram.Results: Out of 30 cases 4 cases were pituitary macroadenoma, 3 cases each of pituitary microadenoma,craniopharyngioma, meningioma and aneurysm. 2 cases of each hypothalamic hamartoma, Pituitary colloidcyst, Rathke’s cleft cyst, Arachnoid cyst and primary empty sella were found. And 1 case of each Suprasellartuberculoma, Trigeminal schwannoma, Suprasellar retinoblastoma and PNS rhabdomyosarcoma were found.Conclusion: MR imaging characteristics of the most common lesions like pituitary macroadenoma, microadenoma,craniopharyngioma, meningioma and aneurysm were sufficiently distinct to allow them to be differentiatedfrom each other and from most other entities. Other characteristics such as extrasellar versus intrasellar location,nature of contrast material enhancement, the presence of cystic components, and clinical findings permit furtherdifferentiation among the various other abnormalities. The superior resolution and multiplanar capacity of MRimaging best depicts the extent of sellar, parasellar and suprasellar lesions
Study of Stroke Due to Intra Cranial Atherosclerosis in Bihar Population
Authors: Deepak Karn
Published: September 2023

Background: Ischemic stroke is quite heterogeneous in its patho-physiological mechanism associated withatherosclerosis. Little is known about measures for prevention of the disease apart from latest technologies andmedications.Method: 100 patients of different age groups were studied with MRA, to rule out occlusion or lesion; tropicaldistribution of infarction, clinical manifestations, recurrence after treatment was also noted.Results: Clinical manifestations included 33% alcoholic, 21% homocystine, 80% HTN, 54% DM, 30% Hyperlipidemia,35% smoking, 48% HTN + DM, 17% HTN + DM +Hyper-lipidemia, 7% HTN + DM + Hyper-lipidemia,+ smoking + Alcohol. Highest occlusion was observed 51 (39.9%) in MCA followed by 20 (14.4%) ICA, 23 (16.6%)BA, 18 (13.04%) VA and least was 2 (1.4%) in VA+BA. Highest tropical distribution of infarction was 28% corticalfollowed by 24% sub cortical and cortical, 23% cortical, 11% cerebellum, 8% Brainstem and recurrence wasobserved in 19% patients.Conclusion: The present pragmatic study will help for efficient management and risk control for Neuro-physicianand neurosurgeon because risk factor control remains the best strategy for preventing recurrence becauserecurrence of the stroke worsen the physical and mental conditions of the patients
Study of the Characteristics of Positive Contacts and Hospitalized Cases in Multiple Waves of the Covid -19 Pandemic in Pali District of Western Rajasthan: A Secondary Data Analysis
Authors: Gaur S  , Sinha LN  , Agarwal R  , Purohit L  , Semwal A  , Mathur A  , Singh V
Published: September 2023

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the pandemic that invaded the world in 2020, caused morethan 70 million cases and exceeded a million and a half deaths worldwide by the end of the year. Age and sex havebeen identified as two of the prominent risk factors in COVID-19 deaths. Early epidemiological studies conductedin China, India, and Iran revealed that fewer females were infected by SARS-CoV2(4-9).It is imperative for national governments to identify which population members are at high risk of becoming illor more likely to die. This analysis emphasizes the early epidemiological features of COVID-19 cases in the OPDin order to guide to policy decisions on the health, commercial, social, and economic fronts in case of any futuresurge in Covid cases.Methods: The data collected during contact tracing (urban and rural ) and hospital admissions during the periods:February 2020 to October 2020 (first wave) and April 2021 to June 2021 (second wave) and December 2021 toFebruary 2022 (Third wave) were analyzed for demographics and other characteristics.Present study shows that frequency of positive case is more in rural people in age group II (15-50 years) than urbanpeople. Male case is higher in rural areas and female cases are higher in urban areas, hospital admission and ICUadmission were higher in rural people while death was reported higher in urban areas.Better targeting of interventions may help to limit expensive interventions such as intensive care admissions andavoid deaths. To create an efficient, equitable response to the pandemic, especially in countries where resourcesare limited awareness of the roles of gender, age and geography in the outbreak are imperative.
Prevalence and Predictors of Psychiatric Disorders in Patients with Epilepsy in a Tertiary Level Care Hospital
Authors: Dimple Gupta  , Chirag Ambaliya  , Abhinav Ankur
Published: September 2023

Background: Common mental disorders are severe and frequent co-morbid psychiatric illnesses with epilepsy.Different study findings across the world showed that patients with epilepsy have a higher burden of mentaldisorders than the general population. However, these issues in patients with epilepsy have been consistentlyundiagnosed.Objectives: The study aimed to screen common mental disorders and the determinants among patients withepilepsy.Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with Epilepsy from March10 to May 15, 2021. Patients were assessed for the risk of common mental disorders using a pretested, structured,self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20). The collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 software andanalyzed using R version 4.0 software. Descriptive statistics were computed using frequency, percent, mean,and standard deviations. A simple logistic regression model was fit to identify the association and strength ofexploratory variables and common mental disorders at a 95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05.Results: The study included 202 patients diagnosed with epilepsy and yielded a response of 91.4%. About 53%of the patients were males. The magnitude of common mental disorders among patients with epilepsy was 57.9%(95% CI: 44.56, 71.24). Being more than one substance user (AOR = 5.7; 95%CI: 1.6, 20.7) and Not having socialsupport (AOR = 4.3; 95%CI: 1.5, 11.9) were the identified determinants of common mental disorders.Conclusion: The magnitude of common mental disorders among patients with epilepsy were high. Not havingsocial support and khat chewing were the identified risk factors significantly associated with common mentaldisorders. Early screening and treatments are the key interventions to prevent complications and deaths fromcommon mental disorders.
A Socio-demographic and Clinical Study on Surgical Cases in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Suraram, Hyderabad
Authors: K Srinivasulu  , A Manmadha Kishan  , Nikhitha Puvvala  , Boinpally Ruchitha  , Nakkala Supraja  , Butta Ramesh
Published: September 2023

A descriptive study on surgical case profile related to socio demographic and clinical aspects was conductedin a tertiary care teaching hospital Hyderabad, Telangana. This was a retrospective and record based study. Atotal of 885 case sheets were collected from Medical record department among which 488 were males and 397were females. In-patient surgical case sheets were collected from 1st July 2021 to 30th June 2022 for a period ofone year after obtaining permission from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Absolute professional secrecy wasmaintained. All inpatient case sheets from department of Surgery were collected from the medical records andconsidered for this study. The study results were evaluated and analyzed by SPSS software.We found that highest number of patients admitted was in the age group of 31 to 50 years. Co- morbid conditionslike hypertension and diabetes (23.9%) was associated with surgical conditions. Majority of patients were fromurban locality (62.7%). Pain abdomen (36.3%) followed by swelling both inflammatory and tumor (35.5%) werethe common clinical presentations at the time of admission. Highest cases of surgical conditions in our study wereinflammatory swellings (17.9%), followed by benign tumors (17%), hernias(12.4%), appendicitis 9.2%, cholecystitisand cholelithiasis (9%), acid peptic diseases (7.2%) and renal calculi contributing 6.3%. Of the malignant conditions(3.16%) noticed, carcinoma of breast was common in females and oral cancers were commonest in males. Inguinalhernias were common in males and incisional hernias were common in females. Highest number of cholecystitisand cholelithiasis were observed in female population. Mean hospital stay was 6 days in our study. Most of thecases were reported in rainy season and treated conservatively (50.7%), very least genetic predisposition (0.4%)was observed in the study population. Study results were similar when compared with other studies conductedin India and abroad.
Demographic, Clinical and Etiological Profile of Children Admitted with Febrile Seizures in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India
Authors: Raza Ali Abid  , Yudister  , Shreeya Rajput
Published: September 2023

This retrospective hospital-based study was conducted in Paediatric emergency from 1st June 2022 to 30th November2022 to study the clinical demographic and etiological profile of paediatric patients admitted with febrile seizures.Out of total enrolled 243 children, 153(63%) were male and 100(37%) were females. Mean age of the patients was23.5 months. Mean time interval between onset of fever and occurrence of seizures was 18 hours. Overall, 170(70%)patients had simple seizures. Only 85(35%) patients had positive family history and 73(30%) had recurrence ofseizures during the same episode of illness. Acute respiratory infection was the commonest cause for febrileseizure in 190(78%) children.
A Study of Maternal Outcomes in Post Dated Pregnancy
Authors: Heena Firdaush  , Nidhi Chauhan  , Alka  , Ruchira Nautiyal
Published: September 2023

Background: Post-dated pregnancy may be associated with perinatal complications like fetal distress, meconiumaspiration syndrome and fetal asphyxia. This study was designed to study maternal outcomes in post datedpregnancy (or beyond 40 weeks gestation).Materials & Methods: Real time ultrasound scanning was performed using (Philips EPIQ 5G, Philips EPIQ 7G andPhilips affinity 50 G model) 1-5 MHz biconvex probe and general survey of foetus was done. Total 114 pregnantwomen beyond 40 weeks of gestation were studied. A detailed clinical history like menstrual history, marital,family history of the pregnant women included in the study was taken. For induction, cervical ripening agents likedinoprostone gel or misoprostol tablets were used. Then the patients were observed for uterine contractions andstrict foetal heart rate monitoring was done.Results: In this study total 114 cases beyond 40 weeks of gestation were analyzed to know the maternal and foetaloutcome in post-dated pregnancies. Majority of the postdated pregnancies 102 (89.5%) were in between 40 weeks-40 weeks 6 days. Primigravida were 55.3% while only 44.7% were multigravida. Out of total 114 patients havingpregnancies beyond 40 weeks of gestation, 67.6% were delivered vaginally while 32.4% underwent lower segmentcaesarean section. Majority (65.8%) of patients had Bishops score <=4, Bishops score > 6 (20.2%), Bisops score inbetween 5-6 (14%). Incidence of meconium stained liquor was 6.1%.Conclusion: Post-dated pregnancy is a high risk pregnancy, so correct dating is done by early first trimester USGor by second trimester USG so that induction can be done at 40 weeks and timely detection of foetal distress andmanagement can be safely introduced.
Study of Role of Parenting in Children with Low Academic Performance
Authors: Hemant Kumar Singh  , Sarita Singh
Published: September 2023

Parental involvement in school has been demonstrated to be a key factor for children’s academic outcomes.However, there is a lack of research in Chile, as well as in Latin American countries in general, leaving a gap in theliterature about the generalization of findings outside developed and industrialized countries, where most of theresearch has been done. The present study aims to analyse the associations between parental involvement in schooland children’s academic achievement. Cluster analysis results from a sample of 498 parents or guardians whosechildren attended second and third grades in 16 public elementary schools suggested the existence of three differentprofiles of parental involvement (high, medium, and low) considering different forms of parental involvement (athome, at school and through the invitations made by the children, the teachers, and the school). Results show thatthere are differences in children’s academic achievement between the parental involvement profiles, indicating childrenwhose parents have a low involvement have lower academic achievement. Findings are in line with internationalresearch evidence, suggesting the need to focus on this variable too in Latin American contexts
A Prospective Comparative Observational Study on Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Oligohydramnios
Authors: Hussain Ali  , Gitanjali Deka
Published: September 2023

Background: The health of the mother and foetus is threatened by oligohydramnios. It is a clinical conditionidentified by a sonographically measured amniotic fluid index (AFI) of less than 5 cm.Method & Materials: Hospital-based based prospective comparative Observational Study. This study wasconducted to observe the outcome of pregnancy in oligohydramnios. Study group– 100 cases with AFI < 5 cm.Control group- 100 cases with AFI 5cm to 24 cm, admitted to Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in TMCH from1stAugust 2021 to 31 July 2022. For all selected women, USG was done and AFI was calculated. These womenwere followed till day 7 of puerperium. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. The variable was analyzedusing a chi-square test p-<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The results of the present study revealed that, the rate of the Caesarian section was significantly higher inthe oligohydramnios group compared to the control group (70% vs. 39% respectively). There was a significantlyincreased in Fetal distress, meconium-stained liquor, low Apgar score at 1 and 5 min, low birth weight, admissionto NICU, and early neonatal death.Conclusion: In conclusion, oligohydramnios is a high-risk pregnancy, and patients with oligohydramnios shouldexpect proper antepartum, rigorous foetal surveillance, and intrapartum care for a better feto-maternal outcome
A Comparative Study of Serum Lipid Profile in Normal Pregnancy and Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Authors: Jagannath Pata  , Nilabh Acharjee
Published: September 2023

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a significant contributor to maternal and foetal morbidity andmortality worldwide. Studying the lipid profile and risk variables is crucial for illness prevention, management,and a better prognosis.Method and Materials: This study was a case control study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics andGynaecology, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur. A total of 100 (one hundred) were selected, out ofwhich 50 (fifty) normotensive pregnant women served as a control and 50 (fifty) hypertensive women constitutedthe study group. Besides baseline routine investigations, estimation of Serum lipid profile was done by collectingblood samples from antecubital vein of every case and control and were analysed at department of Biochemistry,Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur.Results: The hypertensive group had a significant rise in Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, LDL-C levels anddecreased HDL-C levels as compared to the control group.Conclusion: Abnormal lipid profile during pregnancy plays an important role in development of pre-eclampsia.
Addressing the Socio-demographic Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among the General Population in a Rural Block of Andhra Pradesh, India: A Community Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Jayasree Palla  , Sindhura Moparthi  , Yatish Byndoor  , Nagaraju Kancherla  , Ravi babu Komaram
Published: September 2023

Background: Vaccine hesitancy continues to impede the attempts made globally in combating the COVID-19pandemic. Hence, this study aims to determine the socio-demographic factors associated with COVID-19 vaccinehesitancy among the general population in a rural block of Andhra Pradesh.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population of a rural blockin Andhra Pradesh. A total of 210 participants were recruited through multi- stage random sampling technique.Data was collected through semi-structured schedule method. Descriptive statistics was computed to describethe socio-demographic characteristics, and Chi-square test was applied to assess the association between vaccinehesitancy and socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants.Results: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy rate among rural population was 45.5%. Statistically significant associationwas observed between vaccine hesitancy and socio-demographic characteristics like: age between 40-49 years,females, Hindus, illiterates, unemployed, marginal workers, lower middle class and those with two children intheir family.Conclusion: High prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was noted among rural population. Mass media strategies,evidence-based communication, and policy measures will have to be implemented across rural areas with specialfocus on groups identified with vaccine hesitancy.
A Study on Self Medication Practices During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jubair Shamsi  , Uzma Eram  , Najam Khalique  , Salman Khalil
Published: September 2023

Self Medication(SM) “involves the use of medicinal products by the consumer to treat self recognized disordersor symptoms, or the intermittent or continued use of a medication prescribed by a physician for chronic orrecurring diseases or symptoms”. The objective of this study was to determine practices of Self Medication. Thepresent study was conducted in the field practice areas of the Department of Community Medicine, JawaharlalNehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, from August 2021 to July 2022. It was a communitybased cross-sectional study.A total of 424 people was included.Simple Random Sampling was done. Individuals≥18 years of age from families of RHTC and UHTC,those who experienced an episode of illness after start ofCovid-19 pandemic and those who gave consent were included in the study. Patients who were bed-ridden and/or suffering from mental illness and those who did not give consent were excluded from the study. Data entryand analysis was done in IBM SPSS v 26.0. Relevant statistical tests were applied wherever required. Nearlyhalf of the study population practised Self Medication as a form of treatment at least once in the preceding 12months.The major source of information for the choice, dosage and duration of the medicines consumed for SelfMedication in our study was found to be the pharmacist ( 69.0%). It was followed by prior experience (31.0%) andprevious prescription (15.2%). In our study analgesics and antipyretics were found to be consumed by the highestpercentage of study participants. People should be made aware of the risks of Self Medication and should beguided on responsible Self Medication. Awareness campaigns may be organised in this regard
Study of Lipid Parameters in Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Authors: Kanakapudi Ramyasree  , Sanjay HK  , Narayana  , Vekatrajaiah
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The Diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism is mostly biochemical as most of the patients have aserum TSH above the normal and serum free and total T4 and T3 are normal. Due to recent increasing prevalenceof sub-clinical hypothyroidism and metabolic risk factors such as adverse cardiac function and hyperlipidemia, itrecommended the importance of screening by assessment of serum TSH.Aims: To assess the lipid profile in patients diagnosed with sub-clinical hypothyroidismMethods and Materials: This study is a hospital based cross sectional study and comprised a total of 96 subjectsperformed in Chalmeda Anandrao Institute of Medical Sciences. Patients presenting to OPD with vague complaintsof hypothyroidism are selected. They are screened for subclinical hypothyroidism by doing fasting TFT comprisingfreeT4, freeT3 and TSH and fasting lipid profile is also done for the patient. Laboratory analysis of blood urea,serum creatinine done.Results: A Total number of 96 patients were studied, majority of them were between age group of 46 to 55 years.The BMI distribution among SCH has no correlation to serum TSH levels.Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is more common among women.TSH values range from minimum of 5.8 mIU/l to maximum of 25mIU/l.Hypercholesterolemia was found in 40.6% of patients. LDL was elevated in 42.7% of cases. Triglyceride waselevated in only 27.1%. HDL values were found to be normal in 66.7% of cases.Conclusion: Our study concludes that there are significant elevations in total cholesterol and serum LDL insubclinical hypothyroidism. There is no much significant changes in triglycerides and HDL levels.
Legal Solutions to Health Misinformation and Disinformation During the Covid-19 Pandemic Outbreak
Authors: Karolina Harasimowicz  , Hanna Nowicka
Published: September 2023

The spread of false information online has increased dramatically in recent years. Around the COVID-19 pandemic,a digital epidemic of misinformation, or “infodemic,” has arisen. Since the beginning of 2020, digital platformshave served as both a source of and a remedy for Disinformation. After a few months of the epidemic, it is clearthat ensuring health professionals access to necessary medical equipment and supplies is less crucial than fightingfalsehoods online. Actions such as (a) urging social media firms to delete material about the epidemic that iscontentious, (b) putting up special forces to counteract propaganda and false information (e.g., E.U., U.K.), and (c)incarcerating suspicious coronavirus false claims, including in connection to the public health interventions, werehigh priorities for many government agencies around the world in response to COVID-19. State of emergencymeasures used early on shaped future debates on how to strike a fair balance between free speech and censorshipon the internet by, among other things, restricting access to news and encouraging journalists to hold back on theirreporting.
To Study the Clinical and Etiological Profile of Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Manish Chandey  , Parminder Singh
Published: September 2023

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a term used to describe a reversible syndrome of impaired brain function involvinga complex spectrum of nonspecific neurological and psychiatric manifestations occurring in patients of severeacute or chronic liver insufficiency. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is one of the most devastating complication ofcirrhosis having high morbidity and mortality. There is very limited data regarding the incidence and risk factorsof hepatic encephalopathy so this study is to find the clinical and etiological profile of hepatic encephalopathy.Methodology: The study was conducted in patients visited in OPD/IPD of medicine department, SGRDIMSR,Amritsar (Punjab) in the time period from 1 April 2021 to 31 July 2022. A total of 150 patients were taken up forthis study. All the diagnosed patients of liver cirrhosis of any etiology (Recently detected or old patients) wereincluded in the study.FindingsIn this study most of patients were males (81%) in the age group of 31 to 60 yrs (65%). Most common etiologyfound to be alcoholic (53%) with presenting symptoms of altered talks(51%).Conclusion: Education of the society about the precipitating factors can lead to early detection of hepaticencephalopathy and thus decrease the morbidity and mortality related to it. So there is need for Screeningprograms and education.