bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyperoxia-induced lung injury in acute respiratory distress syndrome: what is its relative impact?
Authors: Lilien Thijs A. , van Meenen David M. P. , Schultz Marcus J. , Bos Lieuwe D. J. , Bem Reinout A.
Published: May 2023

Over the past decade, the interest in oxygen toxicity has led to various observational studies and randomized clinical trials in critically ill patients, assessing the association with outcomes and the potential benefit of restrictive oxygenation targets. Yet to date, no consensus has been reached regarding the clinical impact of hyperoxia and hyperoxemia. In this perspective article, we explore the experimental and clinical evidence on hyperoxia-induced lung injury (HILI) and assess its relative impact in current critical care practice, specifically in patients who require oxygen therapy due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Here, we suggest that in current clinical practice in the setting of ARDS HILI may actually be of less importance than other ventilator-related factors.
Growth, Yield Components, and Yield Parameters of Maize (Zea mays L) as Influenced by Unified Use of NPSZnB Blended Fertilizer and Farmyard Manure
Authors: Ashenafi Mitiku , Gebre Selassie Yihenew , Alemayehu Getachew , Berhani Zewdu
Published: May 2023

A two-year field experiment was carried out to scrutinize the integrated use of NPSZnB blended fertilizer and farmyard manure (FYM) on maize growth and yield components at Koga and Bachima villages in Mecha district and Geray and Jiga villages in Jabi Tehran district. Factorial combinations have five levels of NPSZnB (100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 kg·ha−1), and four rates of FYM (0, 12, 16, and 20 t·ha−1), plus one blanket recommendation (200 kg·ha−1 DAP and 150 kg·ha−1 Urea). A randomized complete block design with three replications was used to set up the studies. Except for days to silking and leaf area index at both locations, and days to physiological maturity, and ear length at Mecha, main and interaction effects on all parameters were detected at both locations. The only main effect of NPSZnB was detected on the harvest index at Jabi Tehnan. Generally, the results achieved from the interaction effect were better and greater than those obtained from the blanket recommendation although this was not the case for the main effects. Grain yields at Jabi Tehnan and Mecha were 5618.5 and 5421 kg·ha−1, respectively, as a result of the unified use of 250 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB and 20 t·ha−1 FYM and shortened days to 50% tasselling by 3.46 days and delayed 90% physiological maturity by 2.95 days than the blanket recommended fertilizer at Jabi Tehnan. As the main effect, compared to the blanket recommendation, 250 kg·ha−1 at Jabi Tehnan and 300 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB at Mecha reduced the days to 50% silking by 0.225 and 0.292 days, respectively. Contrasted with the conventional recommendation, the application of 300 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB minimizes days to 90% physiological maturity by 0.89 at Mecha, and the rise in FYM level from 0 to 20 t·ha−1 caused 0.832 and 0.279 extra days to reach 50% silking at Jabi Tehnan and Mecha, respectively. The yield had a very strong correlation that is positive with growth and yield components. Economic study: the use of 200 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB with 20 t·ha−1 FYM resulted in the maximum net benefit of 36221.06 and 35431.04 ETB ha−1 at Jabi Tehnan and Mecha, respectively. Thus, 250 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB with 20 kg·ha−1 FYM and 200 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB with no FYM application were the most acceptable rates at both locations with a low cost of production to small-scale farmers. For resource-rich farmers, 200 kg·ha−1 NPSZnB with 20 t·ha−1 FYM was also favorable, with the best net benefit at both locations.
Combined Use of Cell Block and Smear Improves the Cytological Diagnosis of Malignancy in Non‐Palpable Breast Lesions Screened by Imaging
Authors: Nishimura Rieko , Oiwa Mikinao
Published: May 2023

Background. Currently, core needle biopsy is replacing fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) for pathological diagnosis of breast lesions. However, FNAB is extensively used for diagnosing breast lesions, including screened lesions, at our hospital. Furthermore, direct smears as well as cell blocks (CBs) from the FNAB specimens have been used. To prepare the CBs, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining as well as immunostaining with a mixture of p63 and cytokeratin 5/6 antibodies are routinely used. Therefore, in the current study, we sought to assess the efficacy of diagnosing breast lesions using conventional smears and CB immunostaining. Methods. Breast FNAB reports of direct smears and CBs from The Nagoya Medical Center between December 2014 and March 2020, were reviewed. The efficiency of diagnoses made with direct smears and CBs were compared using histology‐based diagnoses. Results. Among the 169 histologically confirmed malignant lesions, 12 lesions that were reported as unsatisfactory, benign, or atypia probably benign, using direct smears were diagnosed as malignant using CB. Histologically, these lesions were diagnosed as carcinomas with mild atypia or papillary structures. Ten (83.3%) of the twelve lesions were non‐palpable and only detected upon imaging. Conclusion. Combined use of CB and conventional smear leads to the detection of more malignant lesions in breast FNAB specimens, particularly in lesions detected by imaging alone. Immunostaining of CB sections using a mixture of p63 and cytokeratin 5/6 antibodies provides more information than HE staining alone. Breast FNAB with CB preparation can be successfully applied for evaluation of breast lesions in developed countries.
Cervical Ripening Balloon in Combination with Methotrexate and Potassium Chloride for the Treatment of a 13-week Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Tvina Alina , Smith Emily , Cruz Meredith
Published: May 2023

Background. Cervical pregnancy, an uncommon type of ectopic pregnancy, can lead to devastating consequences if not diagnosed and treated early. Despite this, there are no specific guidelines on how to treat such pregnancies especially in advanced gestational ages (GAs). Case. This is a 35-year-old patient who presented to our hospital at 13 weeks GA after failing systemic multidose methotrexate therapy for a cervical ectopic pregnancy. Given desire to preserve fertility, a minimally invasive conservative approach was taken involving potassium chloride (KCl) and methotrexate injections into the gestational sac, followed by immediate Cook intracervical double balloon placement under direct ultrasound visualization, with removal of the balloon after 72 hours, and ultimately resolution of the pregnancy 12 weeks after the removal. Conclusion. Advanced first trimester cervical ectopic pregnancy after failure of methotrexate therapy was managed successfully with minimally invasive KCl and methotrexate injections in combination with cervical ripening balloon.
Research on Reradiation Interference Resonance Mechanism of Power Transmission Lines in Medium-Wave Band Based on Characteristic Mode Theory
Authors: Tang Bo , Wang Feng , Zhang Jiangong , Liu Ren , Zhao Zhibin
Published: May 2023

The key to decreasing reradiation interference (RRI) of power transmission lines on adjacent radio stations is to clarify the RRI resonance mechanism. Aiming at the defects of existing RRI resonance analysis methods, including frequency limitation and lack of physical explanation, a RRI resonance analysis method based on characteristic mode (CM) theory is proposed in this paper. Firstly, based on the generalized eigenvalue equation, a set of characteristic currents with orthogonal relationship and their eigenvalues for power transmission lines are solved, and combined with Poynting’s theorem, the CM radiation characteristics are analyzed. Secondly, under specific external excitation, CM-related parameters are obtained through modal decomposition. Finally, the total energy radiated by power transmission lines is decomposed into the superposition of energy radiated by each CM, and the mechanism of RRI resonance is clarified from the perspective of CM. The simulation results show that compared with the IEEE guide and the generalized resonance theory, the method in this paper is effective and independent of observation points, which can provide a theoretical support for further research on the RRI suppression measures.
Urinary Aspergillosis in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Authors: Toledo Mayara Gabriele , Alves Hugo Rodrigues , Cambruzzi Isadora , Pires Laís Lopes , Rossi Mariana , Gonçalves Brito Ana Carolina , D’Avila Freitas Andrea , Zambão da Silva Natalia Chilinque
Published: May 2023

Aspergillosis is an opportunistic mycosis that generally affects the lungs. The fungus was cleared by the immune system of a healthy host. Extrapulmonary forms are very rare, and there are few reports of urinary aspergillosis. In this case report, we describe a 62-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with complaints of fever and dysuria. The patient had recurrent episodes of urinary tract infection and several hospitalizations. A computed tomography revealed an amorphous mass in the left kidney and bladder. After partial resection of the material was referred for analysis, Aspergillus infection was suspected and confirmed by culture. Successful treatment with voriconazole was provided. Diagnosis of localized primary renal Aspergillus infection in a patient with SLE requires careful investigation due to its benign presentation and lack of associated systemic clinical features.
Numerical Investigation into the Effects of Controlled Tunnel Blast on Dynamic Responses of the Transmission Tower
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhang Gaohai , Li Wenwen , Nie Hongwei
Published: May 2023

At present, the drill-and-blast method is still one of the main construction means in the road tunnel excavation process. When the tunnel penetrates underneath sensitive structures such as high-voltage transmission towers, the blasting and supporting parameters must be strictly controlled to ensure the stability and safety of the surface structures. In this paper, numerical simulations based on a large-section shallow buried tunnel project in Zhuhai are conducted to study the effect of controlled tunnel blast on the dynamic response of transmission towers. The numerical simulation results indicate that the blast vibration velocity of the rock generated by controlled blasting decreases rapidly along the tunnel excavation direction. The blast vibration velocity of the high-voltage transmission tower and its pile foundation gradually increases with the propagation of the blast waves, and the maximum vibration velocity is about 1.24 cm/s. The results indicate that the controlled blasting design of this project can effectively restrain the vibration velocity induced by the blasting load and could ensure the stability and safety of the transmission tower.
Robust Centroid Estimation Method with the Rough and Refined Estimation for Interplanetary Optical Navigation
Authors: Qiang Qichang , Lin Baojun , Liu Yingchun , Lin Xia
Published: May 2023

As the interest in probing deep space increases, it is necessary to enhance the autonomous navigation capabilities of the spacecraft. Since traditional navigation methods rely on ground-based radiometric tracking, the vehicle has a significant communication delay resulting in no ability to handle unexpected situations on time. Image-based optical navigation allows interplanetary spacecraft to determine their orbits autonomously. This paper explores how to accurately extract optical observations from the original images to perform autonomous navigation. First, we introduce a simple and efficient idea to locate valuable contours of the celestial body based on gradient variations. Then, we establish a rough estimation with RANSAC to remove the outliers around the edges. Next, we propose a refined estimation based on the hybrid genetic algorithm to precisely estimate the navigation observations. Lastly, numerous experiments have confirmed that our method achieves outstanding accuracy and robustness.
Supplementary Table S1 from RBM10 Loss Promotes EGFR-Driven Lung Cancer and Confers Sensitivity to Spliceosome Inhibition
Authors: Bao Yufang , Zhang Sirui , Zhang Xiaoyu , Pan Yunjian , Yan Yueren , Wang Ning , Ren Yunpeng , Zuo Ji , Zong Wei-Xing , Wang Zefeng , Wang Yongbo
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Table S1
Data from ASS1-mediated reductive carboxylation of cytosolic glutamine confers ferroptosis resistance in cancer cells
Authors: Hu Qiangsheng , Dai Jie , Zhang Zheng , yu Huansha , Zhang Jing , Zhu Xinsheng , Qin Yi , Zhang Lele , Zhang Peng
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Induction of ferroptosis, a recently defined form of nonapoptotic cell death caused by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has emerged as an anti-cancer strategy. Erastin is a ferroptosis activator that promotes cell death that not only depends on the depletion of cellular cysteine but also relies on mitochondrial oxidative metabolism of glutamine. Here, we demonstrate that ASS1, a key enzyme involved in the urea cycle, plays a crucial role in ferroptosis resistance. Loss of ASS1 increased the sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to erastin in vitro and decreased tumor growth in vivo. Metabolomics analysis with stable isotope-labeled glutamine showed that ASS1 promotes reductive carboxylation of cytosolic glutamine and compromises the oxidative TCA cycle from glutamine anaplerosis, reducing mitochondrial-derived lipid reactive oxygen species. Moreover, transcriptome sequencing showed that ASS1 activates the mTORC1-SREBP1-SCD5 axis to promote de novo monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis by utilizing acetyl-CoA derived from the glutamine reductive pathway. Treating ASS1-deficient NSCLC cells with erastin combined with arginine deprivation significantly enhanced cell death compared to either treatment alone. Collectively, these results reveal a previously unknown regulatory role of ASS1 in ferroptosis resistance and provide a potential therapeutic target for ASS1-deficient NSCLC.
Data from Microenvironment-driven dynamic chromatin changes in glioblastoma recapitulate early neural development at single-cell resolution
Authors: Pine Allison R. , Cirigliano Stefano M. , Singhania Richa , Nicholson James , Da Silva Barbara , Leslie Christina S. , Fine Howard A.
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is necessary for recapitulating the intratumoral heterogeneity and cell state plasticity found in human primary glioblastoma (GBM). Conventional models do not accurately recapitulate the spectrum of GBM cellular states, hindering elucidation of the underlying transcriptional regulation of these states. Using our Glioblastoma Cerebral Organoid (GLICO) model, we profiled the chromatin accessibility of 28,040 single cells in five patient-derived glioma stem cell lines. Integration of paired epigenomes and transcriptomes within the context of tumor-normal host cell interactions was used to probe the gene-regulatory networks underlying individual GBM cellular states in a way not readily possible in other in vitro models. These analyses identified the epigenetic underpinnings of GBM cellular states and characterized dynamic chromatin changes reminiscent of early neural development that underlie GBM cell state transitions. Despite large differences between tumors, a shared cellular compartment made up of neural progenitor-like cells and outer radial glia-like cells was observed. Together, these results shed light on the transcriptional regulation program in GBM and offer novel therapeutic targets across a broad range of genetically heterogenous GBMs.
Data from Nucleophosmin plays a role in repairing DNA damage and is a target for cancer treatment
Authors: Sekhar Konjeti R. , Freeman Michael L.
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is frequently mutated in acute myeloid leukemia, and NPM1 expression is elevated in several cancer types. NPM1 is a multifunctional oligomeric protein involved in numerous cellular functions that include participating in liquid-liquid phase separation, ribosome biogenesis, chaperoning of histones, and modulation of transcription. In this review, we discuss the underappreciated role of NPM1 in DNA damage repair, specifically Polη-mediated translesion synthesis, base excision, and homologous recombination and highlight the therapeutic potential of NPM1 targeting in cancer treatment.
β-Catenin–Driven Differentiation Is a Tissue-Specific Epigenetic Vulnerability in Adrenal Cancer
Authors: Mohan Dipika R. , Borges Kleiton S. , Finco Isabella , LaPensee Christopher R. , Rege Juilee , Solon April L. , Little Donald W. , Else Tobias , Almeida Madson Q. , Dang Derek , Haggerty-Skeans James , Apfelbaum April A. , Vinco Michelle , Wakamatsu Alda , Mariani Beatriz M.P. , Amorim Larissa Costa , Latronico Ana Claudia , Mendonca Berenice B. , Zerbini Maria Claudia N. , Lawlor Elizabeth R. , Ohi Ryoma , Auchus Richard J. , Rainey William E. , Marie Suely K.N. , Giordano Thomas J. , Venneti Sriram , Fragoso Maria Candida Barisson Villares , Breault David T. , Lerario Antonio Marcondes , Hammer Gary D.
Published: May 2023

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer in which tissue-specific differentiation is paradoxically associated with dismal outcomes. The differentiated ACC subtype CIMP-high is prevalent, incurable, and routinely fatal. CIMP-high ACC possess abnormal DNA methylation and frequent β-catenin–activating mutations. Here, we demonstrated that ACC differentiation is maintained by a balance between nuclear, tissue-specific β-catenin–containing complexes, and the epigenome. On chromatin, β-catenin bound master adrenal transcription factor SF1 and hijacked the adrenocortical super-enhancer landscape to maintain differentiation in CIMP-high ACC; off chromatin, β-catenin bound histone methyltransferase EZH2. SF1/β-catenin and EZH2/β-catenin complexes present in normal adrenals persisted through all phases of ACC evolution. Pharmacologic EZH2 inhibition in CIMP-high ACC expelled SF1/β-catenin from chromatin and favored EZH2/β-catenin assembly, erasing differentiation and restraining cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. These studies illustrate how tissue-specific programs shape oncogene selection, surreptitiously encoding targetable therapeutic vulnerabilities.

Significance:

Oncogenic β-catenin can use tissue-specific partners to regulate cellular differentiation programs that can be reversed by epigenetic therapies, identifying epigenetic control of differentiation as a viable target for β-catenin–driven cancers.
Data from Tumor-Agnostic Precision Medicine from the AACR GENIE Database: Clinical Implications
Authors: Gouda Mohamed A. , Nelson Blessie E. , Buschhorn Lars , Wahida Adam , Subbiah Vivek
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Biomarker-driven cancer therapy has revolutionized precision oncology. With a better understanding of tumor biology, tissue-agnostic targets have been characterized and explored, which ultimately led to therapeutics with pan-cancer efficacy. To date, five molecular biomarkers have obtained FDA tissue-agnostic approval for targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Those include BRAFV600E mutations, RET fusions, NTRK fusions, high tumor mutation burden (TMB), and deficient mismatch repair/high microsatellite instability (dMMR/MSI-High). Herein, we have used data from AACR project GENIE to explore the clinico-genomic landscape of these alterations. AACR GENIE is a publicly accessible registry of genomic data from multiple collaborating cancer centers. Current database (version 13.0) includes sequencing data of 168,423 samples collected from patients with different cancers. We were able to identify BRAFV600E, RET fusions, NTRK fusions, and high TMB in 2.9%, 1.6%, 1.5%, and 15.2% of pan-cancer samples, respectively. In this article, we describe the distribution of those tissue-agnostic targets among different cancer types. In addition, we summarize the current prospect on the biology of these alterations and evidence on approved drugs, including pembrolizumab, dostarilmab, larotrectinib, entrectinib, selpercatinib, and dabrafenib/trametinib combination.
Data from Triple-negative breast cancer-derived extracellular vesicles promote a hepatic pre-metastatic niche via a cascade of microenvironment remodeling
Authors: Heo Woohang , Lee Woochan , Cheun Jong Ho , Lee Eun-Shin , Li Songbin , Kim Hoe suk , Son Hye-Youn , Kim Ju Hee , Woo Yeon Duk , Chung Doo Hyun , Yun Jihui , Jung Ji Gwang , Lee Han-Byoel , Han Wonshik , Kim Hong-Kyu , Kim Jong-Il , Moon Hyeong-Gon
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients often develop metastases in visceral organs including the liver but the detailed molecular mechanisms of TNBC liver metastasis is not clearly understood. In this study, we tried to dissect the process of pre-metastatic niche formation in liver by using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of TNBC with different metastatic propensity. RNA sequencing of TNBC PDX models that successfully metastasized to liver showed up-regulation of Cx3cr1 gene in the liver microenvironment. In syngeneic breast cancer models, the Cx3cr1 up-regulation in liver preceded the development of cancer cell metastasis and was the results of recruitment of CX3CR1-expressing macrophages. The recruitment was induced by the CX3CL1 production from the liver endothelial cells and this CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling in the pre-metastatic niche resulted in up-regulation of MMP9 that promoted macrophage migration and cancer cell invasion. Additionally, our data suggest that the extra-cellular vesicles derived from the breast cancer cells induced the TNF-alpha expression in liver which leads to the CX3CL1 up-regulation. Lastly, the plasma CX3CL1 levels in 155 breast cancer patients were significantly associated with development of liver metastasis.

Implications: Our data provides previously unknown cascades regarding the molecular education of pre-metastatic niche in liver for TNBC.
Data from Truncation of GalNAc-type O-glycans Suppresses CD44-mediated Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Lin Neng-Yu , Lee Jian-Jr , Chen Syue-Ting , Lin Jung-An , Lin Chia-Hsuan , Lin Hsuan-Yu , Su Yong-Han , Chen Cheng-Chang , Lin Mei-Chun , Kuo Ching-Ying , Huang Min-Chuan
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The glycoprotein CD44 is a key regulator of malignant behaviors in breast cancer cells. To date, hyaluronic acid (HA)-CD44 signaling pathway has been widely documented in the context of metastatic bone diseases. Core 1 β1,3-galactosyltransferase (C1GALT1) is a critical enzyme responsible for the elongation of O-glycosylation. Aberrant O-glycans is recognized as a hallmark in cancers. However, the effects of C1GALT1 on CD44 signaling and bone metastasis remain unclear. In this study, IHC analysis indicated that C1GALT1 expression positively correlates with CD44 in breast cancer. Silencing C1GALT1 accumulates the Tn antigen on CD44, which decreases CD44 levels and osteoclastogenic signaling. Mutations in the O-glycosites on the stem region of CD44 impair its surface localization as well as suppress cell–HA adhesion and osteoclastogenic effects of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrated the inhibitory effect of silencing C1GALT1 on breast cancer bone metastasis and bone loss. In conclusion, our study highlights the importance of O-glycans in promoting CD44-mediated tumorigenic signals and indicates a novel function of C1GALT1 in driving breast cancer bone metastasis.
Implications:
Truncation of GalNAc-type O-glycans by silencing C1GALT1 suppresses CD44-mediated osteoclastogenesis and bone metastasis in breast cancer. Targeting the O-glycans on CD44 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for blocking cancer bone metastasis.
Data from SWI/SNF Complex Genomic Alterations as a Predictive Biomarker for Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Multiple Cancers
Authors: Wang Di , Wang Jianchao , Zhou Dongmei , Wu Zhixian , Liu Wei , Chen Yanping , Chen Gang , Zhang Jing
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Whether there is an association between SWI/SNF genomic alterations in tumors and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remains unclear because prior studies have focused on either an individual gene or a predefined set of genes. Herein, using mutational and clinical data from 832 ICI-treated patients who underwent whole-exome sequencing, including sequencing of all 31 genes of the SWI/SNF complex, we found that SWI/SNF complex alterations were associated with significantly improved overall survival (OS) in melanoma, clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, and gastrointestinal cancer, as well as improved progression-free survival (PFS) in non–small cell lung cancer. Including tumor mutational burden as a variable, the multivariate Cox regression analysis showed SWI/SNF genomic alterations had prognostic value in melanoma [HR, 0.63 (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.47–0.85), P = 0.003], clear-cell renal cell carcinoma [HR, 0.62 (95% CI, 0.46–0.85), P = 0.003], and gastrointestinal cancer [HR, 0.42 (95% CI, 0.18–1.01), P = 0.053]. Furthermore, we used the random forest method for variable screening, identifying 14 genes as a SWI/SNF signature for potential clinical application. Significant correlations were observed between SWI/SNF signature alterations and improved OS and PFS in all cohorts. This suggests that SWI/SNF gene alterations are associated with better clinical outcomes in ICI-treated patients and may serve as a predictive marker for ICI therapy in multiple cancers.
Data from Discovery of Podofilox as a Potent cGAMP–STING Signaling Enhancer with Antitumor Activity
Authors: Han Jing , Hu Shuiqing , Hu Yawei , Xu Yifang , Hou Yanfei , Yang Yinlong , Su Huili , Zhang Zhengyin , Liu Peng , Sun Xuxu , Zhang Conggang
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cyclic GMP–AMP (cGAMP) is a second messenger that activates the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) innate immune pathway to induce the expression of type I IFNs and other cytokines. Pharmacologic activation of STING is considered a potent therapeutic strategy in cancer. In this study, we used a cell-based phenotypic screen and identified podophyllotoxin (podofilox), a microtubule destabilizer, as a robust enhancer of the cGAMP–STING signaling pathway. We found that podofilox enhanced the cGAMP-mediated immune response by increasing STING-containing membrane puncta and the extent of STING oligomerization. Furthermore, podofilox changed the trafficking pattern of STING and delayed trafficking-mediated STING degradation. Importantly, the combination of cGAMP and podofilox had profound antitumor effects on mice by activating the immune response through host STING signaling. Together, these data provide insights into the regulation of cGAMP–STING pathway activation and demonstrate what we believe to be a novel approach for modulating this pathway and thereby promoting antitumor immunity.
Coenesthesia or the Immediate Feeling of Existence: Maine de Biran and the Problem of the Unconscious between Physiology and Philosophy
Authors: Aloisi Alessandra
Published: May 2023

The term “coenesthesia” was introduced at the end of the eighteenth century by the German physiologist Johann Christian Reil to designate the general perception of the living body through the nerves. Over the course of the nineteenth century, this notion circulated widely not only in Germany, but also in France, where it was developed in particular by Théodule Ribot. However, a good sixty years before Ribot, Maine de Biran had already employed the notion of “coenesthesia” to indicate the “immediate feeling of existence,” which he distinguished from the apperception of the self in relation to the body. What Biran emphasized, in his philosophical appropriation of “coenesthesia,” is the impersonal and mostly unconscious nature of this feeling, which never leaves us and plays a key role in the shaping of our personal and conscious life, unnoticeably influencing the course of our ideas, our character, and the emotional tone of our perception of the world. The purpose of this article is to study Biran’s philosophical use of the notion of “coenesthesia” in the last phase of his philosophical reflection (1823–1824) in relation to the emergence of the problem of the unconscious.
Pierre Janet: A Psychological Reading of Maine De Biran’s Theory of the Unconscious
Authors: Vincenti Denise
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to analyze Pierre Janet’s interpretation of Maine de Biran’s notion of the “unconscious” through a comparative study between L’automatisme psychologique (1889) and some Biranian writings devoted to the problem of pure affections. The objective is to question whether Janet’s psychological reading of this very notion had been faithful to Biran’s intentions, and to understand what kind of Biranism Janet is referring to when dealing with the problem of the unconscious.
Model of Transnational Online Serial Sociocultural Lectures for Overseas Chinese Children and Its Evaluation
Authors: Yang Zhiling
Published: May 2023

Previous lectures targeted at overseas Chinese children have mostly been offline in the form of youth camps sponsored by the Chinese governments before the COVID-19 pandemic and are now usually administered online in a single-topic format transnationally post-pandemic. This form of “one-to-many” singular online lectures comes along with discontinuity, mass audiences, chaos, and being less tailored to the individual needs and context, failing to meet the evaluation metrics in different evaluation levels. This paper proposes a model of transnational online livestreaming serial socio-cultural lectures for overseas Chinese children, which puts forward the synergy of lecturing staff from higher educational institutions (HEIs) in China and students at Chinese language schools (CLSs) worldwide as participants. Lecturing staff from needs and context HEIs can guarantee sufficient keynote speakers for “one-on-one” mode and cope with the above-mentioned problems. After the implementation of five sessions of these serial lectures, evaluation of this model shows that the pre-lecture, during-lecture, and post-lecture stages have are applicable. Furthermore, for sociocultural lectures, the audience may be more interested in literature classics than folk arts from a specific region. Correlation analysis reveals that younger children have a better evaluation of this model and an improved inclination to attend lectures, which sheds light on the improvement of sociocultural lectures as online lectures are preferred among overseas Chinese children.
Mꜣꜥt ‘Maat’, Death and the Afterlife
Authors: Aketema Joseph , Kambon Ọbádélé Bakari
Published: May 2023

This study sets out to demonstrate how in classical and traditional Afrikan thought one’s afterlife on physical and spiritual planes is thought of as being commensurate with one’s adherence to Mꜣꜥt ‘Maat’ in terms of lived practice rather than simply as an abstract ideal. As such, we will interrogate textual examples from classical Kmt ‘The Black Nation/Land of the Blacks’ and attested lived examples from contemporary Afrika among the Kasena-Nankana with brief references to other cultural-linguistic groups. We demonstrate there is a shared understanding from the classical to the contemporary in terms of how one’s body is treated and how one’s experience in the afterlife is conceptualized. We find that conceptions of the afterlife have influenced how Afrikans engage Mꜣꜥt ‘Maat’ as praxis.
Radial growth rate does not affect radial variation of latewood tracheid length in aged trees of Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae
Authors: Nezu Ikumi , Ishiguri Futoshi , Ohshima Jyunichi , Yokota Shinso
Published: May 2023

Tracheid length is lowest at the pith and then it increases rapidly as cambial age increases up until it reaches an asymptote value in what is known as ‘Sanio’s first law’. However, it is still unclear the effect of radial growth rate on latewood tracheid length and the effect of radial variation pattern of latewood tracheid length on the boundary position between juvenile and mature wood in aged trees. Radial variation modeling was applied to annual ring width and latewood tracheid length in aged trees (79–238 years old) of Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae grown in natural forests and a plantation in Shimokita Peninsula, Aomori, Japan. In addition, the effect of differences in radial variation patterns of latewood tracheid length on the boundary age between juvenile and mature wood was evaluated. Cambial age showing the maximum values of current annual increment and mean annual increment was 42–121 and 65–189 years for natural forests and 30–33 and 46–52 years for the plantation, respectively. A mixed-effects model based on a logarithmic function with an explanatory variable of only cambial age, and random intercepts of stand and individual tree, was selected as the one best explaining the radial variation of latewood tracheid length. The estimated boundary cambial age was approximately 20 years in all trees regardless of radial growth rate. We concluded that (1) the regularity of radial variation in tracheid known as ‘Sanio’s first law’ can be adapted to at least about 250 annual rings from the pith in T. dolabrata trees, (2) the boundary cambial age is similar to that in younger trees, and (3) the effect of radial growth rate on latewood tracheid length is minimal in T. dolabrata.
A new species of the genus Lycodon (Squamata, Colubridae) from Sichuan Province, China
Authors: ZHANG JUN , JIANG KE , VOGEL GERNOT , RAO DINGQI
Published: May 2023

A new species of genus Lycodon Boie, 1826 (Squamata: Colubridae) is described from Sichuan Province, China on the basis of three specimens. The new species, Lycodon liuchengchaoi sp. nov., is superficially similar to L. fasciatus and L. ruhstrati but can be distinguished from them by its divided anal plate and the large number and yellow colour of the rings around the body. A new key to the Lycodon of China is presented.
Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A.Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae)
Authors: CERRETTI P. , MORGULIS E. , MICHELSEN V. , PAPE T.
Published: May 2023

Nominal genera and species misidentified to family by A.Z. Lehrer are revised and annotated, with habitus photographs given for all holotypes. New synonyms in the Muscidae: Dobrogiella Lehrer & Oprişan, 2013 = Pyrellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, syn. nov., Dobrogiella phallogreciana Lehrer & Oprişan, 2013 = Pyrellia vivida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, syn. nov. New synonyms and new combinations in the Tachinidae: Benigramma Lehrer, 2013 = Thelairosoma Villeneuve, 1916, syn. nov., B. bellanda Lehrer, 2013 = Thelairosoma bellanda (Lehrer, 2013), comb. nov.; Eweka Lehrer, 2012 = Pales Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, syn. nov., Eweka cordicerci Lehrer, 2012 = Ctenophorocera [now Pales] pauciseta Mesnil, 1950, syn. nov.; Mawuphalla Lehrer, 2013 = Ceracia Rondani, 1865, syn. nov., Mawuphalla antennomyia Lehrer, 2013 = Myothyria [now Ceracia] africana Mesnil, 1959, syn. nov.; Paraphalloides Lehrer, 2013 = Pales Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, syn. nov., Paraphalloides epiphallops Lehrer, 2013 = Pales epiphallops (Lehrer, 2013), comb. nov.; Spinuphalla Lehrer, 2013 = Drino Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863, syn. nov., Spinuphalla juxtina Lehrer, 2013 = Drino (Palexorista Townsend, 1921) juxtina (Lehrer, 2013), comb. nov.
Review of Grotiusomyia Girault (Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae), an exclusively New World genus, including 17 new species
Authors: HANSSON CHRISTER
Published: May 2023

The genus Grotiusomyia Girault is reviewed based mainly on material from Costa Rica. Grotiusomyia is an exclusively New World genus now represented by 19 species, of which 17 are new species described here: G. albiclava, G. annesmithae, G. azofeifai, G. flavicoxa, G. flavimacula, G. guanacastensis, G. hansoni, G. jimenezi, G. lascrucensis, G. leucaena, G. nicoyae, G. noyesi, G. phalaros, G. pilosa, G. reticulata, G. rubii, G. septentrionalis. The two previously described species are G. nigricans (Howard) and G. flavicornis Girault. An identification key for the species is included. Two of the species, G. flavicornis and G. septentrionalis are found in North America (USA and Canada respectively), while the remaining species are from Central America and the West Indies. The biology is known for three of the species, acting as ectoparasitoids on caterpillars of various Lepidoptera groups.
Morphological and ecological revision of Himantariella scutellaris Brolemann, 1926(Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha: Himantariidae)
Authors: CABANILLAS DAVID , SERRA ANTONI , LÓPEZ-ALONSO RICARDO , CARBONELL RAFAEL , ROBLA JAIRO
Published: May 2023

Himantariella scutellaris Brolemann, 1926 has previously been considered a French endemic species from the eastern Pyrenees. New collecting data from the Spanish Pre-Pyrenees, the Prelitoral Mountain Range and the Cantabric Region, make it possible to expand its known distribution to the northern Iberian Peninsula. Intraspecific variability, habitat preferences and ethology are assessed for the first time. New figures on the morphology of H. scutellaris and identification keys for the European Himantariidae with terminal pore-fields are provided. Results showed a wider range of morphological variability than previously reported and allowed to update the diagnostic characters needed for identification. Additionally, results showed monticolous, synanthropic and nocturnal habits for the Iberian populations and suggest that H. scutellaris is a common species at a local scale. Finally, morphology and ecology of H. scutellaris from the Iberian Peninsula and the Pyrenees are discussed in depth.
Xanthohumol Alleviates Epileptic Seizures in Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Convulsions in Mice by Regulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Wang Jieying , Guo Xiangyang , Bai Taomin , Li Hongyan , Liu Na , Liu Hong , Han Tiantian
Published: May 2023

Background: Epilepsy is a prevalent neurobehavioral disorder, which affects more the 50 million individuals worldwide. It is characterized by neuron hyperexcitability mediated by repetitive convulsions. The current investigation was planned to study the therapeutic properties
of the xanthohumol against pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced convulsions in mice by regulating inflammation and oxidative stress. Methods: The 70 mg/kg of PTZ was administered (i.p.) to the mice for stimulating the epileptic seizures and 20 mg/kg of xanthohumol was pre-treated by oral
route before the 30 min of PTZ administration. The mice were observed closely for 30 min after the PTZ treatment to detect the onset and duration of clonic/tonic convulsions and mortality. The status of glutamate, GABA, dopamine, Na+K+ATPase, and Ca+ATPase
were quantified using respective kits. The level of MDA, NO, GSH, and SOD were detected using standard methods. The levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as COX-2, TNF-α, NF-κB, TLR-4, and IL-1β in the brain tissues were inspected using kits. The histopathological
analysis was done on the brain tissues. Results: The xanthohumol significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the onset and duration of convulsions, mortality, and behavioral changes in the epileptic mice. The levels of COX-2, TNF-α, NF-κB, TLR-4, and IL-1β
were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the epileptic mice by 20 mg/kg xanthohumol treatment. The levels of MDA and NO was reduced and GSH and SOD were increased by the 20 mg/kg xanthohumol treatment. The 20 mg/kg xanthohumol significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the glutamate
and improved the dopamine, GABA, Na+K+ATPase, and Ca+ATPase in the epileptic mice. The findings of histopathological studies revealed that 20 mg/kg xanthohumol decreased the inflammatory signs and pyknosis in the brain tissues. Conclusion: Pre-treatment
with the 20 mg/kg xanthohumol ameliorates the PTZ-triggered seizures in a mice model through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. Hence, xanthohumol can be a promising antiepileptic candidate in the future to treat epilepsy.
A Multidisciplinary Approach for the Management of Portal Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Sheppard Kyle , Roberts Morgan E. , Bernard Jonathan , Wood Brian , Lee Yannlei L. , Williams Ashley Y. , Capasso Thomas , Butts Caleb C. , Polite Nathan , Simmons John D. , Bright Andrew , Kinnard Christopher , Mbaka Maryann
Published: May 2023

Portal venous thrombosis (PVT) is an uncommon disease associated with highly morbid conditions such as intestinal ischemia and portal hypertension. Patients at higher risk of developing PVT include those with cirrhosis, malignancy, or prothrombotic states. The mainstay of treatment is early initiation of anticoagulation. The first case is a 49-year-old female diagnosed with a cecal mass and PVT. She was started on anticoagulation and underwent a right hemicolectomy with several small bowel resections. She developed portal hypertension that required TIPS and mechanical thrombectomy. The second patient is a 65-year-old female found to have PVT. She was anticoagulated with heparin and given systemic TPA. She developed intestinal ischemia and portal hypertension requiring small bowel resection, TIPS, and mechanical thrombectomy. These cases give insight into the impact of a multidisciplinary team approach to PVT. The role and timing of endovascular treatment is not well established and needs to be further investigated.
Who Gets Caught in the Web of Lies?: Understanding Susceptibility to Phishing Emails, Fake News Headlines, and Scam Text Messages
Authors: Sarno Dawn M. , Black Jeffrey
Published: May 2023

Objective

The present study investigated if the same users are vulnerable to phishing emails, scam text messages, and fake news headlines and if there are universal predictors of susceptibility for all three tasks.

Background

Theoretical research provides support for the notion that the same users likely fall for multiple forms of online deception. However, no research has directly compared susceptibility for various online deceptions (eg phishing, disinformation, scam text messages) within the same group of users.

Method

Participants completed an online survey consisting of demographic questions, the Cognitive Reflection Test (ie impulsivity), and the Digital Literacy Scale, and classified 90 legitimate and deceptive emails, text messages, and news headlines.

Results

Results suggest that individuals who struggle to discriminate between deceptive and legitimate stimuli on one task experience similar difficulties on the other two tasks. Additionally, while lower levels of digital literacy and cognitive reflectiveness predicted poorer discrimination abilities across all three tasks, age did not predict performance. Interestingly, participants appeared to be the most susceptible to phishing emails.

Conclusion

Overall, individuals who fall for one form of online deception appear to be more likely to fall for other forms of deception, and digital literacy and cognitive reflectiveness can predict widespread vulnerability to online deception.

Application

Organizations may be able to identify potential vulnerabilities for a variety of online attacks by measuring digital literacy, cognitive reflectiveness, and performance in one online deception task. Additionally, training interventions may be the most needed for phishing emails.
The magic of seeing yourself in books
Authors: Vazquez April
Published: May 2023

The multiracial population in the U.S. increased by nearly 400% between 2000 and 2020. Author April Vazquez writes that this increase has important implications for a predominantly white workforce of teachers. Educators must respond to our nation’s changing demographics by supporting our multiracial students, which begins with recognizing this population’s unique strengths and challenges. One way to validate their experiences is by incorporating works with multiracial protagonists into classroom literature.
Interrelationships between cotton fiber quality traits and fluid handling and moisture management properties of nonwoven textiles
Authors: Hron Rebecca J , Hinchliffe Doug J , Thyssen Gregory N , Condon Brian D , Zeng Linghe , Santiago Cintron Michael , Jenkins Johnie N , McCarty Jack C , Sui Ruixiu
Published: May 2023

Cotton fibers represent a sustainable and environmentally responsible raw material for the production of nonwoven textiles which are currently dominated by synthetic fibers derived from petrochemicals. Natural variation in quality parameters such as fineness, length, and strength present a challenge for cotton fiber conversion to yarns and in weaving and knitting for conventional textiles. The grading process for cotton fibers addresses this issue by allowing converters to select fibers suitable for specific woven textile applications. However, there has been little attempt to correlate cotton fiber quality traits with nonwoven textiles performance. This study examined the relationship of cotton fiber quality and fluid handling and moisture management performance properties of nonwoven textiles for personal hygiene and disposable applications. This includes potential end-use in diapers and incontinence products as well as disposable textiles for use in clinical settings. Ten recombinant inbred lines of cotton with a broad distribution of fiber quality traits were selected from a multiparent advanced generation intercross population. Fibers were harvested, converted into nonwoven textiles, and subjected to a series of standardized testing protocols. The results indicated that inferior quality coarse cotton fibers subjected to discount market pricing can be selectively utilized for nonwoven applications that benefit from improved moisture management and fluid handling performance.
“Re-stratifying” women: female images in China’s state media from the perspective of social stratification (2011–2020)
Authors: Wang Min , Li Qiushui
Published: May 2023

In the 2010s, feminism thrived in China amid a transformation in social stratification and a rise in women’s social status. The focus of this study is on the representation of the images of women of various social strata in national news reports. Taking Xinwen Lianbo, a national news program produced by China Central Television, as an example, we analyzed visual representations of 360 female figures from 2011 to 2020. The findings revealed that, rather than reflecting China’s Tǔ-shaped stratification structure, the program depicted an “olive-shaped” pseudo-society in which women of what we term the “middle” stratum constituted the largest portion and served as multifaceted role models, women of the “prominent” stratum served as bellwethers of socioeconomic development, and women of the “ordinary” stratum did not participate in social development. The program’s imagery also created a double standard for domestic duties: Women of the prominent stratum were depicted as disembedded from the social role of housewife and breaking through the career “glass ceiling,” though not achieving equality with men in terms of their positions in society or politics, while women of the ordinary stratum as bearing the ideological reshuffle of conservative gender values. This study suggests a fresh perspective on the great disparities in the representation of women in different strata, which differs from the status of gender and stratum in real society.
Testing the effects of time-on-task and instructions to “be creative” on gifted students
Authors: Abdulla Alabbasi Ahmed M. , Al-Shehri Reem , Aljasim Fatima A. , Acar Selcuk
Published: May 2023

Divergent thinking (DT) tests are sometimes used to select students for gifted programs. Studies on these tests, mostly conducted on non-gifted students, suggest that performance is influenced by the type of instruction given (standard vs. hybrid “be fluent AND original”) and time-on-task. The current study aimed to examine the effect of instructions and time-on-task on divergent thinking performance in gifted and non-gifted students in a 2 [gifted versus non-gifted] × 2 [standard versus hybrid instructions] design. The results showed that gifted students outperformed non-gifted students in fluency, while no significant difference was found between the two groups in originality. Creativity instructions improved both originality and fluency scores in verbal but not figural tests. As for time-on-task, gifted students took more time when completing DT tests as well as when they were given explicit instructions to “be creative.” Implications for gifted identification are discussed.