bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WICKSELL, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM, AND THE WAY TO MACROECONOMICS
Authors: Boianovsky Mauro
Published: August 2016

Knut Wicksell’s formulation of monetary economics as the study of the relation between aggregate supply and aggregate demand played an important role in the development of macroeconomics. Wicksell’s contributions are better understood if we consider the Walrasian roots of his approach. Wicksell pointed to two shortcomings of Léon Walras’s theory: incomplete treatment of the demand for money, and lack of a concept of capital stressing the time element. Wicksell was influenced by Walras’s notions of thetâtonnementby which markets solve the equations and of the zero-profit entrepreneur. Nevertheless, Wicksell’s interpretation of the dynamics of the credit market, with a price (interest rate) distinct from its equilibrium (“natural”) level and the implicit recognition that the latter could assume negative values, did not fit into the Walrasiantâtonnementmold. As the first to produce textbooks on both theories of value and money, Wicksell was confronted with the problem of how to establish connections between them.
CHARLES RICHARD DE BUTRÉ: PIONEER OF MATHEMATICAL ECONOMICS
Authors: Charles Loïc , Théré Christine
Published: August 2016

Historians of economics have acknowledged the significant role François Quesnay and the Physiocrats played in the early development of mathematical economics. It is, however, important to note that although the Tableau économique could well be translated into algebra, Quesnay never did it. As part of our research on Charles Richard de Butré, an obscure collaborator of François Quesnay, we have uncovered documents that show that he was one Physiocrat who did use algebra to explain his theoretical conceptions. In two texts written at the end of 1766 and the beginning of 1767, Butré systematically used algebra as an aid for economic reasoning. Our argument is that these texts provide very interesting insights into the development of early mathematical economics.
ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION AND TECHNICAL PROGRESS: IS THERE A MISSPECIFICATION PROBLEM?
Authors: Federici Daniela , Saltari Enrico
Published: August 2016

In previous work, we estimated a dynamic model of the Italian economy, showing that its weakness in the past two decades is mainly due to the slowdown in total factor productivity growth. In those models, two parameters play a key role: technological progress and the elasticity of substitution. Recent estimates of those parameters are affected, in our opinion, by a specification problem: technological parameters are inherently long-run but their estimates are based on short-run data. Looking deeply into the estimation procedure, we show that the misspecification issue present in the estimates gives rise to a spurious regression bias (high R2, low DW), because the standard approach does not incorporate frictions and rigidities. Our modeling strategy takes account of them. Although we cannot in general say that our framework gets rid of the serial correlation problem, the statistics for our model do show that residuals are not serially correlated.
Theoretical study of ground radiation tag antenna with Tunable open-slot exciter
Authors: Lin Yi-Fang , Chang Ming-Jui , Chen Hua-Ming , Huang Shih-Ting
Published: August 2016

A novel radio frequency identification tag antenna is composed of a resonant open-slot exciter and a dipole-type ground radiator. For a conjugate match to the Alien Higgs-4 chip impedance of 8−j149 Ω at 925 MHz, a quarter wavelength open-slot resonator embedded at the center of the dipole-type ground plane (130 × 18 mm2) was investigated and fabricated. Simple size adjustments and various loaded inductor of the open-slot resonator allow for easy control of the tag antenna resistance and inductive reactance, from which the chip impedance requirement can be easily obtained. The read range of the prototype antenna attached on a foam in the free space can reach more than 9 m, which has been tested for a radio frequency identification reader with 4.0-W of effective isotropic radiated power. Measurement data are in good agreement with simulation results.
Primum non nocere. The case for a critical approach to global mental health
Authors: Bracken P. , Giller J. , Summerfield D.
Published: August 2016

The Movement for Global Mental Health (MGMH) argues that there is a moral imperative that psychiatric treatments should be made available to all communities across the world. But psychiatric theories, categories and interventions emerged in the Western world are based on a set of assumptions about the nature of the self and society, nature and the supernatural, health and healing that are not universally accepted. In this paper we argue that there is a stronger moral case for caution with regard to the export of psychiatric thinking. Without a critical interrogation of such thinking the MGMH is at risk of doing a great deal of harm to the diverse, and sometimes fragile, systems of care that already exist across the world.
Heritability of Children's Dietary Intakes: A Population-Based Twin Study in China
Authors: Li Ji , Liu Huijuan , Beaty Terri H. , Chen Hua , Caballero Benjamin , Wang Youfa
Published: August 2016

Background: Despite evidence for some genetic control of dietary intake in adults, there is little evidence of how genetic factors influence children's dietary patterns. Objective: To estimate heritability of dietary intake in twin children from China and test if genetic effects on dietary intakes vary by the children's socio-economic status (SES). Methods: A sample of 622 twins (162 monozygotic and 149 dizygotic pairs; 298 boys and 324 girls aged 7–15 years) was recruited in South China. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated 145-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Pooled and sex-specific dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis. Heritability was estimated using structural equation models. Results: Heritable components differed by gender and for nutrients and food groups; and estimated heritability of dietary patterns was generally greater in girls than boys. In boys, estimated heritabilities ranged from 18.8% (zinc) to 58.4% (fat) for nutrients; and for food group, 1.1% (Western fast foods) to 65.8% (soft drinks). In girls, these estimates ranged from 5.1% (total energy) to 38.7% (percentage of energy from fat) for nutrients, and 12.6% (eggs) to 94.6% (Western fast foods) for food groups. Factor analysis identified five food patterns: vegetables and fruits, fried and fast foods, beverages, snacks and meats. Maternal education and family income were positively associated with higher heritabilities for intake of meat, fried, and fast food. Conclusions: Genetic influence on dietary intakes differed by gender, nutrients, food groups, and dietary patterns among Chinese twins. Parental SES characteristics modified the estimated genetic influence.
Empfehlungen zur Prävention, Diagnostik und Therapie des Delirs im Alter
Authors: Savaskan Egemen , Baumgartner Markus , Georgescu Dan , Hafner Martina , Hasemann Wolfgang , Kressig Reto W. , Popp Julius , Rohrbach Erich , Schmid Ruth , Verloo Henk
Published: August 2016

Zusammenfassung. Delir ist ein ätiologisch unspezifisches hirnorganisches Syndrom, das im Alter und vor allem bei Demenz häufiger vorkommt. Der akute Beginn, starke Fluktuationen im klinischen Bild und die multifaktorielle Genese erfordern einen interprofessionellen und interdisziplinären Ansatz in der Diagnostik und Therapie. Die vorliegenden Empfehlungen sollen den aktuellen Stand des Wissens in diesem Bereich abbilden und dabei die wissenschaftliche Evidenz, aber auch die klinische Erfahrung berücksichtigen. Sie sind das Ergebnis der Zusammenarbeit einer Expertengruppe der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Alterspsychiatrie und -psychotherapie (SGAP), der Schweizerischen Fachgesellschaft für Geriatrie (SFGG), des Schweizerischen Berufsverbands der Pflegefachfrauen und Pflegefachmänner (SBK) und des Schweizerischen Vereins für Pflegewissenschaft (VfP). Präventive und nicht-pharmakologische Interventionen sind sehr wichtig und sollten vorbeugend und begleitend angeboten werden. Bei richtiger Indikation und unter Berücksichtigung von möglichen Interaktionen und Nebenwirkungen ist die konsequente Durchführung der pharmakologischen Therapie oft notwendig. Die Förderung des interdisziplinären Managements des Delirs ist ein wichtiges Anliegen der Empfehlungen.
Printed unmanned aerial vehicles using paper-based electroactive polymer actuators and organic ion gel transistors
Authors: Grau Gerd , Frazier Elisha J. , Subramanian Vivek
Published: August 2016

We combined lightweight and mechanically flexible printed transistors and actuators with a paper unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) glider prototype to demonstrate electrically controlled glide path modification in a lightweight, disposable UAV system. The integration of lightweight and mechanically flexible electronics that is offered by printed electronics is uniquely attractive in this regard because it enables flight control in an inexpensive, disposable, and easily integrated system. Here, we demonstrate electroactive polymer (EAP) actuators that are directly printed into paper that act as steering elements for low cost, lightweight paper UAVs. We drive these actuators by using ion gel-gated organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) that are ideally suited as drive transistors for these actuators in terms of drive current and frequency requirements. By using a printing-based fabrication process on a paper glider, we are able to deliver an attractive path to the realization of inexpensive UAVs for ubiquitous sensing and monitoring flight applications.
Wireless actuation of micromechanical resonators
Authors: Mateen Farrukh , Maedler Carsten , Erramilli Shyamsunder , Mohanty Pritiraj
Published: August 2016

The wireless transfer of power is of fundamental and technical interest, with applications ranging from the remote operation of consumer electronics and implanted biomedical devices and sensors to the actuation of devices for which hard-wired power sources are neither desirable nor practical. In particular, biomedical devices that are implanted in the body or brain require small-footprint power receiving elements for wireless charging, which can be accomplished by micromechanical resonators. Moreover, for fundamental experiments, the ultralow-power wireless operation of micromechanical resonators in the microwave range can enable the performance of low-temperature studies of mechanical systems in the quantum regime, where the heat carried by the electrical wires in standard actuation techniques is detrimental to maintaining the resonator in a quantum state. Here we demonstrate the successful actuation of micron-sized silicon-based piezoelectric resonators with resonance frequencies ranging from 36 to 120 MHz at power levels of nanowatts and distances of ~3 feet, including comprehensive polarization, distance and power dependence measurements. Our unprecedented demonstration of the wireless actuation of micromechanical resonators via electric-field coupling down to nanowatt levels may enable a multitude of applications that require the wireless control of sensors and actuators based on micromechanical resonators, which was inaccessible until now.
Childhood cognitive ability and body composition in adulthood
Authors: Kumpulainen S M , Heinonen K , Salonen M K , Andersson S , Wolke D , Kajantie E , Eriksson J G , Raikkonen K
Published: August 2016

Background:

Childhood cognitive ability has been identified as a novel risk factor for adulthood overweight and obesity as assessed by adult body mass index (BMI). BMI does not, however, distinguish fat-free and metabolically harmful fat tissue. Hence, we examined the associations between childhood cognitive abilities and body fat percentage (BF%) in young adulthood.

Methods:

Participants of the Arvo Ylppö Longitudinal Study (n=816) underwent tests of general reasoning, visuomotor integration, verbal competence and language comprehension (M=100; s.d.=15) at the age of 56 months. At the age of 25 years, they underwent a clinical examination, including measurements of BF% by the InBody 3.0 eight-polar tactile electrode system, weight and height from which BMI (kg m−2) was calculated and waist circumference (cm).

Results:

After adjustments for sex, age and BMI-for-age s.d. score at 56 months, lower general reasoning and visuomotor integration in childhood predicted higher BMI (kg m−2) increase per s.d. unit decrease in cognitive ability (−0.32, 95% confidence interval −0.60,−0.05; −0.45, −0.75,−0.14, respectively) and waist circumference (cm) increase per s.d. unit decrease in cognitive ability (−0.84, −1.56,−0.11; −1.07,−1.88,−0.26, respectively) in adulthood. In addition, lower visuomotor integration predicted higher BF% per s.d. unit decrease in cognitive ability (−0.62,−1.14,−0.09). Associations between general reasoning and BMI/waist were attenuated when adjusted for smoking, alcohol consumption, intake of fruits and vegetables and physical activity in adulthood, and all associations, except for visuomotor integration and BMI, were attenuated when adjusted for parental and/or own attained education and/or birth weight.

Conclusions:

Of the measured childhood cognitive abilities, only lower visuomotor integration was associated with BF% in adulthood. This challenges the view that cognitive ability, at least when measured in early childhood, poses a risk for adiposity in adulthood, as characterized by higher BF%.
KRAS mutation leads to decreased expression of regulator of calcineurin 2, resulting in tumor proliferation in colorectal cancer
Authors: Niitsu H , Hinoi T , Kawaguchi Y , Sentani K , Yuge R , Kitadai Y , Sotomaru Y , Adachi T , Saito Y , Miguchi M , Kochi M , Sada H , Shimomura M , Oue N , Yasui W , Ohdan H
Published: August 2016

KRAS mutations occur in 30–40% of all cases of human colorectal cancer (CRC). However, to date, specific therapeutic agents against KRAS-mutated CRC have not been developed. We previously described the generation of mouse models of colon cancer with and without Kras mutations (CDX2P-G22Cre;Apcflox/flox; LSL-KrasG12D and CDX2P-G22Cre;Apcflox/flox mice, respectively). Here, the two mouse models were compared to identify candidate genes, which may represent novel therapeutic targets or predictive biomarkers. Differentially expressed genes in tumors from the two mouse models were identified using microarray analysis, and their expression was compared by quantitative reverse transcription–PCR (qRT–PCR) and immunohistochemical analyses in mouse tumors and surgical specimens of human CRC, with or without KRAS mutations, respectively. Furthermore, the functions of candidate genes were studied using human CRC cell lines. Microarray analysis of 34 000 transcripts resulted in the identification of 19 candidate genes. qRT–PCR analysis data showed that four of these candidate genes (Clps, Irx5, Bex1 and Rcan2) exhibited decreased expression in the Kras-mutated mouse model. The expression of the regulator of calcineurin 2 (RCAN2) was also observed to be lower in KRAS-mutated human CRC. Moreover, inhibitory function for cancer cell proliferation dependent on calcineurin was indicated with overexpression and short hairpin RNA knockdown of RCAN2 in human CRC cell lines. KRAS mutations in CRC lead to a decrease in RCAN2 expression, resulting in tumor proliferation due to derepression of calcineurin–nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling. Our findings suggest that calcineurin–NFAT signal may represent a novel molecular target for the treatment of KRAS-mutated CRC.
Loss of the oncogenic phosphatase PRL-3 promotes a TNF-R1 feedback loop that mediates triple-negative breast cancer growth
Authors: Gari H H , DeGala G D , Lucia M S , Lambert J R
Published: August 2016

Stimulating tumor cell senescence and apoptosis are proven methods for therapeutically combating cancer. However, senescence and apoptosis are conventionally viewed as parallel, not sequential, processes. We have discovered that the metastasis-promoting phosphatase, PRL-3, is transcriptionally regulated by the NF-ĸB pathway in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, and that PRL-3 knockdown elicits an autocrine tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNF-R1) feedback loop that results in TNBC cell senescence followed by apoptosis. Knockdown of PRL-3 leads to rapid G1 cell cycle arrest and induction of a strong TNFα cytokine response that promotes a period of cellular senescence through TNF-R1-mediated activation of NF-ĸB. Senescent PRL-3 knockdown cells subsequently underwent apoptosis as a result of increased TNF-R1 signaling through the TNFα-associated extrinsic death pathway, shunting signaling away from the NF-ĸB cascade. These data suggest that TNF-R1 signaling dynamically re-programs after PRL-3 knockdown, from sustaining cell senescence through NF-ĸB to promoting apoptosis through TNF-R1 internalization and caspase-8 activation. The molecular mechanisms that determine the survival–death balance of TNF-R1 signaling are poorly understood, despite the fact that TNF-R1 has been extensively studied. Our results describe PRL-3 knockdown as a novel survival–death balance modifier of the TNF-R1 pathway, and show that senescent TNBC tumor cells can be sensitized to undergo apoptosis in a sequential manner.
Targeting Src in endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer
Authors: Manek R , Pakzamir E , Mhawech-Fauceglia P , Pejovic T , Sowter H , Gayther S A , Lawrenson K
Published: August 2016

The SRC proto-oncogene is commonly overexpressed or activated during cancer development. Src family kinase inhibitors are approved for the treatment of certain leukemias, and are in clinical trials for the treatment of solid tumors. Src signaling is activated in endometriosis, a precursor of clear cell and endometrioid subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancers (OCs). We examined the expression of phosphorylated Src (Src-pY416) in 381 primary OC tissues. Thirty-six percent of OCs expressed Src-pY416. Src-pY416 expression was most common in endometriosis-associated OCs (EAOCs) (P=0.011), particularly in clear cell OCs where 58.5% of cases expressed Src-pY416. Src-pY416 expression was associated with shorter overall survival (log rank P=0.002). In vitro inhibition of Src signaling using 4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(dimethylethyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (PP2) resulted in reduced anchorage-independent and -dependent growth, and in three-dimensional cell culture models PP2 disrupted aggregate formation in Src-pY416-positive but not in Src-pY416-negative cell lines. These data suggest that targeting active Src signaling could be a novel therapeutic opportunity for EAOCs, and support the further pre-clinical investigation of Src family kinase inhibitors for treating OCs expressing Src-pY416.
RNF168 cooperates with RNF8 to mediate FOXM1 ubiquitination and degradation in breast cancer epirubicin treatment
Authors: Kongsema M , Zona S , Karunarathna U , Cabrera E , Man E P S , Yao S , Shibakawa A , Khoo U-S , Medema R H , Freire R , Lam E W-F
Published: August 2016

The forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) transcription factor has a central role in genotoxic agent response in breast cancer. FOXM1 is regulated at the post-translational level upon DNA damage, but the key mechanism involved remained enigmatic. RNF168 is a ubiquitination E3-ligase involved in DNA damage response. Western blot and gene promoter-reporter analyses showed that the expression level and transcriptional activity of FOXM1 reduced upon RNF168 overexpression and increased with RNF168 depletion by siRNA, suggesting that RNF168 negatively regulates FOXM1 expression. Co-immunoprecipitation studies in MCF-7 cells revealed that RNF168 interacted with FOXM1 and that upon epirubicin treatment FOXM1 downregulation was associated with an increase in RNF168 binding and conjugation to the protein degradation-associated K48-linked polyubiquitin chains. Consistently, RNF168 overexpression resulted in an increase in turnover of FOXM1 in MCF-7 cells treated with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. Conversely, RNF168, knockdown significantly enhanced the half-life of FOXM1 in both absence and presence of epirubicin. Using a SUMOylation-defective FOXM1-5x(K>R) mutant, we demonstrated that SUMOylation is required for the recruitment of RNF168 to mediate FOXM1 degradation. In addition, clonogenic assays also showed that RNF168 mediates epirubicin action through targeting FOXM1, as RNF168 could synergise with epirubicin to repress clonal formation in wild-type but not in FOXM1-deficient mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs). The physiological relevance of RNF168-mediated FOXM1 repression is further emphasized by the significant inverse correlation between FOXM1 and RNF168 expression in breast cancer patient samples. Moreover, we also obtained evidence that RNF8 recruits RNF168 to FOXM1 upon epirubicin treatment and cooperates with RNF168 to catalyse FOXM1 ubiquitination and degradation. Collectively, these data suggest that RNF168 cooperates with RNF8 to mediate the ubiquitination and degradation of SUMOylated FOXM1 in breast cancer genotoxic response.
Quantitative monitoring of Arabidopsis thaliana growth and development using high-throughput plant phenotyping
Authors: Arend Daniel , Lange Matthias , Pape Jean-Michel , Weigelt-Fischer Kathleen , Arana-Ceballos Fernando , Mücke Ingo , Klukas Christian , Altmann Thomas , Scholz Uwe , Junker Astrid
Published: August 2016

With the implementation of novel automated, high throughput methods and facilities in the last years, plant phenomics has developed into a highly interdisciplinary research domain integrating biology, engineering and bioinformatics. Here we present a dataset of a non-invasive high throughput plant phenotyping experiment, which uses image- and image analysis- based approaches to monitor the growth and development of 484 Arabidopsis thaliana plants (thale cress). The result is a comprehensive dataset of images and extracted phenotypical features. Such datasets require detailed documentation, standardized description of experimental metadata as well as sustainable data storage and publication in order to ensure the reproducibility of experiments, data reuse and comparability among the scientific community. Therefore the here presented dataset has been annotated using the standardized ISA-Tab format and considering the recently published recommendations for the semantical description of plant phenotyping experiments.
Cyclen lanthanide-based micellar structures for application as luminescent [Eu(iii)] and magnetic [Gd(iii)] resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents
Authors: Surender Esther M. , Comby Steve , Martyn Sarah , Cavanagh Brenton , Lee T. Clive , Brougham Dermot F. , Gunnlaugsson Thorfinnur
Published: August 2016

Novel Ln(iii)-based amphiphilic complexes with potential application as luminescent and MRI contrast agents, which self-assemble in aqueous solution into spherical micelles, are presented.
Probing and evaluating anion–π interaction in meso-dinitrophenyl functionalized calix[4]pyrrole isomers
Authors: Kim Ajeong , Ali Rashid , Park Seok Ho , Kim Yong-Hoon , Park Jung Su
Published: August 2016

We report the comprehensive structural and binding isotherm analyses ofmeso-3,5-dinitrophenyl-substituted calix[4]pyrroles with a variety of anions, displaying anion–π interactions.
NdBaScO4: aristotype of a new family of geometric ferroelectrics?
Authors: Cochrane Amber K. , Telfer Michael , Dixon Charlotte A. L. , Zhang Weiguo , Halasyamani P. Shiv , Bousquet Eric , Lightfoot Philip
Published: August 2016

NdBaScO4 represents the aristotype phase of a potential new family of geometric ferroelectrics, where polarisation arises directly from tilting of octahedral units.
Long-lived states to sustain SABRE hyperpolarised magnetisation
Authors: Roy Soumya S. , Rayner Peter J. , Norcott Philip , Green Gary G. R. , Duckett Simon B.
Published: August 2016

More than 4% net 1H-polarisation is created, in seconds, that is detectable for over 2 minutes.
First-principles assessment of CO2 capture mechanisms in aqueous piperazine solution
Authors: Stowe Haley M. , Paek Eunsu , Hwang Gyeong S.
Published: August 2016

In this theoretical study, we elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying CO2 absorption in aqueous piperazine (PZ) solution.
XPS enables visualization of electrode potential screening in an ionic liquid medium with temporal- and lateral-resolution
Authors: Camci M. T. , Aydogan P. , Ulgut B. , Kocabas C. , Suzer S.
Published: August 2016

Potential screening of metal electrodes is followed non-invasively by time- and position-dependent F1s signals of an ionic liquid.
Photoionization-induced π ↔ H site switching dynamics in phenol+–Rg (Rg = Ar, Kr) dimers probed by picosecond time-resolved infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Miyazaki Mitsuhiko , Sakata Yuri , Schütz Markus , Dopfer Otto , Fujii Masaaki
Published: August 2016

Picosecond time-resolved infrared spectroscopy of phenol–rare gas dimer cations reveal delocalization of a wavepacket of the single rare gas atom above and below phenol in around 100 ps.
Biaxial nematic phase stability and demixing behaviour in monolayers of rod–plate mixtures
Authors: Martínez-Ratón Yuri , González-Pinto Miguel , Velasco Enrique
Published: August 2016

Phase diagrams (pressure vs. composition) of monolayers of adsorbed rod–plate mixtures show demixing transitions and large regions of biaxial nematic (B) phase stability.
The effects of chelating N4 ligand coordination on Co(ii)-catalysed photochemical conversion of CO2 to CO: reaction mechanism and DFT calculations
Authors: Wang Feng , Cao Bei , To Wai-Pong , Tse Chun-Wai , Li Kai , Chang Xiao-Yong , Zang Chao , Chan Sharon Lai-Fung , Che Chi-Ming
Published: August 2016

cis-[Co(PDP)Cl2] complex mediated reduction conversion of CO2 to CO under photocatalytic or electrocatalytic conditions with high turnovers or Faraday efficiency.
Monomer zinc phthalocyanine/upconversion nanoparticle coated with hyaluronic acid crosslinked gel as NIR light-activated drug for in vitro photodynamic therapy
Authors: Zhou Lin , Chen Enyi , Jin Weiwei , Wang Yue , Zhou Jiahong , Wei Shaohua
Published: August 2016

A monomeric phthalocyanine based NIR-triggered cancer target nanosystem was prepared and showed satisfied in vitro anticancer activity.
Synthesis, crystal structure and characterization of novel open framework CHA-type aluminophosphate involving a chiral diamine
Authors: Komura Kenichi , Horibe Yukiko , Yajima Hiroaki , Hiyoshi Norihito , Ikeda Takuji
Published: August 2016

A new aluminophosphate with CHA-type topology was synthesized using a chiral diamine. Its open framework involves two edge sharing AlO4F2 octahedrons.
Surface optimization to eliminate hysteresis for record efficiency planar perovskite solar cells
Authors: Yang Dong , Zhou Xin , Yang Ruixia , Yang Zhou , Yu Wei , Wang Xiuli , Li Can , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) , Chang Robert P. H.
Published: August 2016

The efficiency of planar CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells has been improved up to 19.62% using an ionic liquid to modify the TiO2 electron transport layer, and the J–V hysteresis is completely eliminated.
Making H2 from light and biomass-derived alcohols: the outstanding activity of newly designed hierarchical MWCNT/Pd@TiO2 hybrid catalysts
Authors: Beltram A. , Melchionna M. , Montini T. , Nasi L. , Fornasiero P. , Prato M.
Published: August 2016

Hydrogen evolution is among the most investigated catalytic processes given the importance of H2 from an industrial and an energy perspective.
A combined strategy for the synthesis of double functionalized α-zirconium phosphate organic derivatives
Authors: Pica Monica , Donnadio Anna , Mariangeloni Giada , Zuccaccia Cristiano , Casciola Mario
Published: August 2016

Zirconium ethylphosphonate organophosphates are easily synthesized by the reaction of zirconium phosphate ethylphosphonates with an alkyl epoxide, thus forming P–O–C bonds.
Organelle-specific bioprobes based on fluorogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics
Authors: Hu Fang , Liu Bin
Published: August 2016

A number of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probes with high photostability and specificity have been developed for organelle imaging and image-guided cancer cell ablation.
Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical properties of new highly processable, hole-transporting fluorocyclic aryl amine polymers
Authors: Godman N. P. , Barbee D. B. , Carty F. B. , McMillen C. D. , Corley C. A. , Shurdha E. , Iacono S. T.
Published: August 2016

Perfluorocyclopentene (PFCP) aryl ether amine polymers demonstrate excellent solution processing into optically transparent, electrochemically active films as a potential hole-transporting layer material for organic electronic devices.
Photo-responsive polymers: synthesis and applications
Authors: Bertrand Olivier , Gohy Jean-François
Published: August 2016

Photo-responsive polymers are able to change their structure, conformation and properties upon light irradiation.
Synthesis of acid-degradable hyperbranched polymers by chain-growth CuAAC polymerization of an AB3 monomer
Authors: Zou Lei , Shi Yi , Cao Xiaosong , Gan Weiping , Wang Xiaofeng , Graff Robert W. , Hu Daqiao , Gao Haifeng
Published: August 2016

The first synthesis of acid-degradable hyperbranched polymers using chain-growth CuAAC click polymerization of an AB3 monomer.
Facile fabrication of ternary nanocomposites with selective dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to access multi-stimuli-responsive shape-memory effects
Authors: He Man-Jie , Xiao Wen-Xia , Xie Hui , Fan Cheng-Jie , Du Lan , Deng Xiao-Ying , Yang Ke-Ke , Wang Yu-Zhong
Published: August 2016

A multi-stimuli-responsive shape-memory ternary nanocomposites with selective dispersion of MWCNTs was developed by introducing MWCNTs into a PBS-PCL multiblock copolymer matrix (PBSPCL) by a facile approach.
Stable and charge recombination minimized π-extended thioalkyl substituted tetrathiafulvalene dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Giribabu Lingamallu , Duvva Naresh , Singh Surya Prakash , Han Liyuan , Bedja Idriss M. , Gupta Ravindra Kumar , Islam Ashraful
Published: August 2016

Two new metal-free organic sensitizers were designed based on tetrathiafulvalene scaffolds by adopting a donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A) approach.
Mesoporous nanocrystalline TiO2 loaded with ferulic acid for sunscreen and photo-protection: safety and efficacy assessment
Authors: Parisi Ortensia Ilaria , Aiello Daniela , Casula Maria Francesca , Puoci Francesco , Malivindi Rocco , Scrivano Luca , Testa Flaviano
Published: August 2016

In the present study, the use of surfactant-free mesoporous TiO2 combined with an antioxidant and photo-protecting agent, such as ferulic acid (FA), as a sunscreen was investigated for the first time.
Investigation of corrosion behavior of polypyrrole-coated Ti using dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS)
Authors: Rikhari Bhavana , Mani S. Pugal , Rajendran N.
Published: August 2016

In the present work, dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS) was used to investigate the corrosion behavior of polypyrrole (PPy)-coated titanium (Ti) in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution.
Experimental and theoretical study on the reactivity of maghemite doped with Cu2+ in oxidation reactions: structural and thermodynamic properties towards a Fenton catalyst
Authors: Pires Maíra dos Santos , Nogueira Francisco G. E. , Torres Juliana A. , Lacerda Lívia C. T. , Corrêa Silviana , Pereira Márcio C. , Ramalho Teodorico C.
Published: August 2016

In this paper a new Fenton catalyst composed of iron oxide doped with a small amount of Cu was developed.
Synthesis and characterization of triphenylamine-based polymers and their application towards solid-state electrochromic cells
Authors: Jeong Jaemyeng , Kumar Rangaraju Satish , Naveen Mergu , Son Young-A.
Published: August 2016

Triphenyl amine based new molecules have synthesized for electrochromic cells. We achieved color change forPJK1, orange to dark green; forPJK2, light yellow to reddish brown; forPJK3, light blue to grey; and forPJK4, green to bluish green.
Development of N,S-doped carbon dots as a novel matrix for the analysis of small molecules by negative ion MALDI-TOF MS
Authors: Wang Yanwei , Gao Dan , Chen Yongli , Hu Guangnan , Liu Hongxia , Jiang Yuyang
Published: August 2016

The synthesized N,S-CDs was firstly used as a matrix for small molecule analysis with good reproducibility, high sensitivity and high salt tolerance.
Development of a Red recombinase system and antisense RNA technology in Klebsiella pneumoniae for the production of chemicals
Authors: Li Ying , Li Sha , Ge Xizhen , Tian Pingfang
Published: August 2016

Red recombinase system and antisense RNA technology were developed inKlebsiella pneumoniae.
Preparation of piperlongumine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for safe and efficient cancer therapy
Authors: Venkatesan Jayachandran , Alam Moch Syaiful , Hong Eun Ji , Kim Se-Kwon , Shim Min Suk
Published: August 2016

Piperlongumine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles prepared by ionic gelation accomplish safe and efficient anticancer therapy.
Dynamic vulcanization of castor oil in a polylactide matrix for toughening
Authors: Zhao Tong-Hui , He Yan , Li Yi-Dong , Wang Ming , Zeng Jian-Bing
Published: August 2016

Dynamic vulcanization of biomass-derived castor oil in the presence of 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) in a polylactide (PLA) matrix was performed with the aim of toughening PLA sustainably.
Improvement of tribological and anti-corrosive performance of titanium surfaces coated with dicationic imidazolium-based ionic liquids
Authors: Gindri Izabelle M. , Siddiqui Danyal A. , Frizzo Clarissa P. , Martins Marcos A. P. , Rodrigues Danieli C.
Published: August 2016

In this work, dicationic imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) with amino acid anionic moieties were employed as coatings for commercially pure titanium (Ti) surfaces.
Ultrasound and microwave-assisted preparation of Fe-activated carbon as an effective low-cost adsorbent for dyes wastewater treatment
Authors: Cheng Song , Zhang Libo , Xia Hongying , Peng Jinhui , Shu Jianhua , Li Chunyang
Published: August 2016

A and B are Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order model. We conclude that MB adsorption capacity of Fe-activated carbon is bigger than raw activated carbon, indicating that Fe-activated carbon has better MB removal efficiency.
PVdF-HFP/exfoliated graphene oxide nanosheet hybrid separators for thermally stable Li-ion batteries
Authors: Choi Yunah , Zhang Kan , Chung Kyung Yoon , Wang Dong Hwan , Park Jong Hyeok
Published: August 2016

The inclusion of 2-dimensional graphene oxide nanosheets could enhance the mechanical and thermal stability of polymer separators for Li-ion batteries.
Single-layer MnO2 nanosheet quenched fluorescence ruthenium complexes for sensitive detection of ferrous iron
Authors: He Xing , Yang Xiaoxiao , Hai Luo , He Dinggeng , He Xiaoxiao , Wang Kemin , Yang Xue
Published: August 2016

Single-layer MnO2 nanosheet quenched fluorescence Ru(bipy)32+ complexes are established as turn-on fluorescence sensors for sensitive and label-free probing of ferrous iron in aqueous solutions, as well as living cells.
Sustainable carbon-sheets and their MnO–C hybrid for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Shengbin , Xing Yalan , Liu Xin , Xu Huaizhe , Zhang Shichao
Published: August 2016

Sustainable carbon have been achieved by a simple treatment of sugarcane-stalk, which exhibits superior electrochemical behavior to graphite. Moreover, the performance can be further upgraded by growing MnO to form a synergetic MnO–C hybrid.
An efficient and recyclable polyoxometalate-based hybrid catalyst for heterogeneous deep oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene derivatives with oxygen
Authors: Lu Shuxiang , Zhang Han , Wu Di , Han Xiao , Yao Yue , Zhang Qingzhen
Published: August 2016

The possible reaction mechanism.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of BSA-stabilised gold nanoclusters for the sensitive and selective detection of lead(ii) and melamine in aqueous solution
Authors: Lee Che-Yu , Hsu Nai-Yueh , Wu Mei-Yao , Lin Yang-Wei
Published: August 2016

MW-assisted synthesis of fluorescent BSA-AuNCs for the turn-off sensing of Pb(ii) and turn-on sensing of melamine.
Tuning the performance of Pt–Ni alloy/reduced graphene oxide catalysts for 4-nitrophenol reduction
Authors: Zhao Feng , Kong Weixiao , Hu Zonggao , Liu Jindun , Zhao Yafei , Zhang Bing
Published: August 2016

Pt–Ni alloy nanoparticles with different atomic ratios were supported on RGO. Pt–Ni/RGO (1 : 9) has the highest catalytic rate for 4-NP reduction. It is also proved as an efficient nanocatalyst with high activity and stability.
Enhancement of Rashba spin–orbit coupling by electron–electron interaction
Authors: Farghadan Rouhollah , Sehat Ali
Published: August 2016

We studied how the electron–electron interaction enhances the strength of the Rashba spin–orbit coupling and opens the possibility of generating a spin-polarized output current from an unpolarized electric current without any magnetic elements.
Biosynthesized Vitis vinifera seed gold nanoparticles induce apoptotic cell death in A431 skin cancer cells
Authors: Nirmala J. Grace , Akila S. , Nadar M. S. A. Muthukumar , Narendhirakannan R. T. , Chatterjee Suvro
Published: August 2016

Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Vitis vinifera seed gold nanoparticles on A431 cell lines.
New phenazine-containing ladder polymer of intrinsic microporosity from a spirobisindane-based AB-type monomer
Authors: Ghanem Bader , Alghunaimi Fahd , Alaslai Nasser , Ma Xiaohua , Pinnau Ingo
Published: August 2016

A new solution-processable ladder polymer (PSBI-AB) of intrinsic microporosity with dibenzodioxane linkages and bis(phenazine) units was designed and synthesized by self-polymerization of an AB-type monomer containing both catechol and aromatic dichloride groups.
Reduction of Mn3+ to Mn2+ and near infrared plasmonics from Mn–Sn codoped In2O3 nanocrystals
Authors: Yadav Anur , Tandon Bharat , Nag Angshuman
Published: August 2016

Isovalent doping in In2O3 using Mn3+ precursor leads to aliovalent Mn2+ doped In2O3 NCs which tune SPR band from near to mid-infrared region.
Tetranuclear Zn2Ln2 coordination clusters as catalysts in the Petasis borono-Mannich multicomponent reaction
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Griffiths Kieran , Lymperopoulou Smaragda , Kostakis George E.
Published: August 2016

We report for the first time the efficiency of heteronuclear Zn/Ln coordination clusters (CCs) as catalysts for the multicomponent Mannich-type condensation that involves amines, aldehydes and boronic acids, known as the Petasis borono-Mannich (RBR) reaction.
Color measurement of the animal integument predicts the content of specific melanin forms
Authors: Galván Ismael , Wakamatsu Kazumasa
Published: August 2016

The slope of the reflectance spectra of feathers and hairs predicts their content of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA)-eumelanin and benzothiazole-pheomelanin.
Self-assembly of upconversion nanoclusters with an amphiphilic copolymer for near-infrared- and temperature-triggered drug release
Authors: Yan Kai , Chen Min , Zhou Shuxue , Wu Limin
Published: August 2016

The hybrid colloidal clusters were prepared by self-assembly of multiresponsive copolymer with hydrophobic nanocrystals, and which was able to near-infrared light and temperature triggered drug release.
Understanding the role of transport velocity in biomotor-powered microtubule spool assembly
Authors: Tan Amanda J. , Chapman Dail E. , Hirst Linda S. , Xu Jing
Published: August 2016

We examined the role of transport velocity in the active assembly of microtubule spools. We found that transport velocity influences the kinetics of spool assembly, but not the steady-state properties of assembled spools.
Quantitative investigation of human cell surface N-glycoprotein dynamics
Authors: Xiao Haopeng , Wu Ronghu
Published: August 2016

We designed the first method to systematically investigate cell surface glycoprotein dynamics and measure their half-lives.
Circulatory zinc transport is controlled by distinct interdomain sites on mammalian albumins
Authors: Handing Katarzyna B. , Shabalin Ivan G. , Kassaar Omar , Khazaipoul Siavash , Blindauer Claudia A. , Stewart Alan J. , Chruszcz Maksymilian , Minor Wladek
Published: August 2016

Circulatory transport of the essential nutrient zinc primarily occurs through its binding to serum albumin. Here, we present the first crystal structures of mammalian albumins in complex with zinc. These structures, together with accompanying zinc binding data, allow identification of key zinc transport sites on human and equine albumins.
Graphene oxide-based boronate polymer brushes via surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization for the selective enrichment of glycoproteins
Authors: An Xiangyang , He Xiwen , Chen Langxing , Zhang Yukui
Published: August 2016

A facile and efficient method was developed to synthesize boronic acid polymer brushes immobilized on magnetic graphene oxide for the selective enrichment of glycoproteins from complex biological samples via surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
High porosity scaffold composites of graphene and carbon nanotubes as microwave absorbing materials
Authors: González M. , Baselga J. , Pozuelo J.
Published: August 2016

The design of microwave absorbing materials requires low reflection and high absorption of radiation simultaneously.
A mysterious family of calcium-binding proteins from parasitic worms
Authors: Thomas Charlotte M. , Timson David J.
Published: August 2016

There is a family of proteins from parasitic worms which combine N-terminal EF-hand domains with C-terminal dynein light chain-like domains. Data are accumulating on the biochemistry and cell biology of these proteins. However, little is known about their functions in vivo. Schistosoma mansoni expresses 13 family members (SmTAL1–SmTAL13). Three of these (SmTAL1, SmTAL2 and SmTAL3) have been subjected to biochemical analysis which demonstrated that they have different molecular properties. Although their overall folds are predicted to be similar, small changes in the EF-hand domains result in differences in their ion binding properties. Whereas SmTAL1 and SmTAL2 are able to bind calcium (and some other) ions, SmTAL3 appears to be unable to bind any divalent cations. Similar biochemical diversity has been seen in the CaBP proteins from Fasciola hepatica. Four family members are known (FhCaBP1–4). All of these bind to calcium ions. However, FhCaBP4 dimerizes in the presence of calcium ions, FhCaBP3 dimerizes in the absence of calcium ions and FhCaBP2 dimerizes regardless of the prevailing calcium ion concentration. In both the SmTAL and FhCaBP families, the proteins also differ in their ability to bind calmodulin antagonists and related drugs. Interestingly, SmTAL1 interacts with praziquantel (the drug of choice for treating schistosomiasis). The pharmacological significance (if any) of this finding is unknown.
How myosin organization of the actin cytoskeleton contributes to the cancer phenotype
Authors: Peckham Michelle
Published: August 2016

The human genome contains 39 genes that encode myosin heavy chains, classified on the basis of their sequence similarity into 12 classes. Most cells express at least 12 different genes, from at least 8 different classes, which are typically composed of several class 1 genes, at least one class 2 gene and classes 5, 6, 9, 10, 18 and 19. Although the different myosin isoforms all have specific and non-overlapping roles in the cell, in combination they all contribute to the organization of the actin cytoskeleton, and the shape and phenotype of the cell. Over (or under) expression of these different myosin isoforms can have strong effects on actin organization, cell shape and contribute to the cancer phenotype as discussed in this review.
The complexity of silk under the spotlight of synthetic biology
Authors: Vollrath Fritz
Published: August 2016

For centuries silkworm filaments have been the focus of R&D innovation centred on textile manufacture with high added value. Most recently, silk research has focused on more fundamental issues concerning bio-polymer structure–property–function relationships. This essay outlines the complexity and fundamentals of silk spinning, and presents arguments for establishing this substance as an interesting and important subject at the interface of systems biology (discovery) and synthetic biology (translation). It is argued that silk is a generic class of materials where each type of silk presents a different embodiment of emergent properties that combine genetically determined (anticipatory) and environmentally responsive components. In spiders’ webs the various silks have evolved to form the interactive components of an intricate fabric that provides an extended phenotype to the spider's body morphology.
Synthetic biology meets bioprinting: enabling technologies for humans on Mars (and Earth)
Authors: Rothschild Lynn J.
Published: August 2016

Human exploration off planet is severely limited by the cost of launching materials into space and by re-supply. Thus materials brought from Earth must be light, stable and reliable at destination. Using traditional approaches, a lunar or Mars base would require either transporting a hefty store of metals or heavy manufacturing equipment and construction materials for in situ extraction; both would severely limit any other mission objectives. Long-term human space presence requires periodic replenishment, adding a massive cost overhead. Even robotic missions often sacrifice science goals for heavy radiation and thermal protection. Biology has the potential to solve these problems because life can replicate and repair itself, and perform a wide variety of chemical reactions including making food, fuel and materials. Synthetic biology enhances and expands life's evolved repertoire. Using organisms as feedstock, additive manufacturing through bioprinting will make possible the dream of producing bespoke tools, food, smart fabrics and even replacement organs on demand. This new approach and the resulting novel products will enable human exploration and settlement on Mars, while providing new manufacturing approaches for life on Earth.
Selection platforms for directed evolution in synthetic biology
Authors: Tizei Pedro A.G. , Csibra Eszter , Torres Leticia , Pinheiro Vitor B.
Published: August 2016

Life on Earth is incredibly diverse. Yet, underneath that diversity, there are a number of constants and highly conserved processes: all life is based on DNA and RNA; the genetic code is universal; biology is limited to a small subset of potential chemistries. A vast amount of knowledge has been accrued through describing and characterizing enzymes, biological processes and organisms. Nevertheless, much remains to be understood about the natural world. One of the goals in Synthetic Biology is to recapitulate biological complexity from simple systems made from biological molecules–gaining a deeper understanding of life in the process. Directed evolution is a powerful tool in Synthetic Biology, able to bypass gaps in knowledge and capable of engineering even the most highly conserved biological processes. It encompasses a range of methodologies to create variation in a population and to select individual variants with the desired function–be it a ligand, enzyme, pathway or even whole organisms. Here, we present some of the basic frameworks that underpin all evolution platforms and review some of the recent contributions from directed evolution to synthetic biology, in particular methods that have been used to engineer the Central Dogma and the genetic code.