bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biological synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles and evaluation of its antibacterial and antioxidant property
Authors: Nurul Ain Shafina Mohd Hasni  , Shahnaz Majeed
Published: November 2019

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have become a great interest among the researcher as it has a broad range of advantageous application in the pharmaceutical industries as well as healthcare settings. The present study was focused on the synthesis of IONPs from the aqueous extract of Piper betle leaves belongs to the genus Piper of the family Piperaceae and to evaluate the antibacterial activity against various pathogens. IONPs were synthesized from Piper betle leaf extract using 3mM of iron (III) chloride (FeCl3). The characterization of IONPs was done through UV-Vis spectroscopy, TEM, FTIR, and Zeta potential analysis.  Then, the synthesized IONPs were tested for antibacterial activity against five different pathogens, which are Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, and Vibrio Cholera. The synergistic effect of IONPs were evaluated with ceftriaxone, gentamicin and amoxicillin. Furthermore antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH assay. The maximum absorption peak of IONPs was found at 320 nm through UV-Vis spectroscopy. The synthesized IONPs were spherical in shape with size ranges from 10 - 15 nm through TEM analysis. From FTIR spectroscopy, significant peaks were observed and showed the presence of a hydroxyl group, amine, alkane, amide, and nitrile groups, respectively. Zeta potential analysis showed IONPs were stable. The synthesized IONPs showed significant antibacterial activity against all the selected pathogens. The maximum zone of inhibition was observed on Vibrio cholera increased as the concentration of the IONPS increased. The IONPs exhibited a good synergistic effect with ceftriaxone as compared to gentamicin and amoxicillin. The IONPs showed good antioxidant properties through DPPH assay at 40 µg/ml. The IONPs were successfully synthesized from Piper betle leaf extract, which demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against various bacterial pathogens and also exhibited good antioxidant activity.
Evaluation of distilled water as buffered water replacement during 3% Giemsa’s solution preparation in Malaria diagnosis
Authors: Lai Yan Xia  , Hamidah Abu Bakar
Published: November 2019

Malaria is a life-threatening disease which has claimed many lives. Giemsa's stain is the gold standard method in malaria diagnosis. Generally, Giemsa's stain is diluted with buffered water. However, sometimes, it produces poor staining of the blood smears, in which can create a major challenge in detecting and identifying positive malaria parasites in a peripheral blood smear. This can lead to misdiagnosis and mistreatment to a patient. The present study examined the effect of replacing the buffered water to distilled water during the preparation of 3% Giemsa's solution. Blood specimens were collected from selected positive (n=80) and negative (n=300) malaria cases in EDTA tube. The modified method employed distilled water and different concentrations of buffered water for diluting Giemsa’s solution stock. The microscopy observation was performed on each set of blood film stained by both modified and standard Giemsa staining methods by two WHO’s qualified technicians. All Giemsa solutions with different diluents were comparable in detecting malaria parasites in the blood films. There was no difference between distilled water and different concentrations of buffered water. Furthermore, distilled water produced homogeneous staining and clearer background of the blood films, which enables different species of malaria to be identified. The present study demonstrates that the modified staining using distilled water in malaria parasites identification is comparable to the gold standard method. In addition, the modified method is rapid, easily available, cost-effective, and reliable.
Pharmacognostic study of tradescantia fluminensis vell. Leaves
Authors: Gouri Kumar Dash  , Nur Fazzlin Binti Che Hassan  , Ravindran Muthukumarasamy  , Mohd Haziq Bin Hashim
Published: November 2019

Tradescantia fluminensis Vell (Family: Commelinaceae) is an ornamental plant used traditionally to improve the kidney function, as an analgesic and for wound healing. The leaves are reported to possess significant analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and lipoxygenase inhibition properties. Thus far, the pharmacognostic study of the leaves of T. fluminensis has not yet been reported in the literature. The present paper deals with the establishment of standardization parameters through the pharmacognostic study of leaves. Pharmacognostical study included macroscopic and microscopic characters of the leaves. Physicochemical parameters like ash value and extractive values were determined. Preliminary phytochemical screening of various leaf extracts were studied. The macroscopic characters demonstrated simple, entire margin, parallel venation, and alternate phyllotaxis. Microscopic studies revealed the presence of bulliform cells, calcium oxalate crystals, and uniseriate covering trichomes. Conjoint and collateral vascular bundles arranged in a parallel series are seen. Powder microscopic studies showed the presence of paracytic stomata, fragments of mesophyll, fragments of epidermal cells showing palisade cells beneath them, non-lignified phloem fibers, covering trichomes and crystals of calcium oxalate. Preliminary phytochemical studies showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, and steroids in the leaves. Fluorescence analysis showed typical coloured fluorescence when the extracts were examined under UV light. The study could serve as a basis of establishing pharmacognostic standards for T. fluminensis and help in differentiating from other related species. Further, it will help to authenticate and identify adulteration in the plant material. The diagnostic microscopic characters and physicochemical data will be helpful in the development of the herbal monograph for the species.
Impacto, em curto prazo, dos antibióticos amoxicilina e doxiciclina na qualidade microbiana de um Latossolo Vermelho-amarelo (Short-term impact of the antibiotics amoxicillin and doxycycline on the microbial quality of a Red-yellow Latosol)
Authors: Rezende Luiz Gustavo Paulon , Kondo Márcia Matiko , Melloni Rogério
Published: November 2019

Concentrações residuais de antibióticos de uso compartilhado pela terapia médica humana e veterinária são cada vez mais frequentes nos mais variados tipos de matrizes ambientais; no entanto, pouco se sabe sobre o impacto que esses fármacos podem acarretar aos microrganismos do solo. Sendo assim, perturbações relacionadas à exposição da microbiota de um latossolo vermelho-amarelo brasileiro a dois antibacterianos, a amoxicilina (AMOX) e a doxiciclina (DOX), foram investigadas por meio da determinação de atividade (mg CO2) e biomassa (Cmic) microbianas, juntamente com o quociente metabólico (qCO2), em amostras de solo que receberam as seguintes concentrações desses compostos: 0,03, 0,3, 3,0, 30 e 300 mg L-1. Os resultados mostraram diferentes efeitos sobre a microbiota e de forma específica para cada antibiótico. A AMOX mostrou-se mais impactante para os microrganismos do solo, com redução da biomassa e aumento do qCO2, enquanto que a DOX reduziu a atividade microbiana, mas sem efeito na biomassa e qCO2.A B S T R A C TThe residual concentrations of antibiotics used by human and veterinary medical therapy are increasingly common in a wide range of environmental matrices, nevertheless little is known about the impact of these drugs on to the soil microorganisms. Therefore, disturbances related to the exposure of the microbiota of a Brazilian Red-yellow Latosol to two antibacterials, amoxicillin (AMOX) and doxycycline (DOX), were investigated through the determination of the microbial activity (mg CO2) and biomass (Cmic), among with the metabolic quotient (qCO2), using soil samples spiked with: 0,03, 0,3, 3,0, 30 and 300 mg L-1 of each drug. The results showed different effects on the microbiota and in a specific way for each antibiotic. The AMOX showed higher impact impacting for the soil microorganisms, with reduction of the biomass and increase of the qCO2, whereas the DOX reduced the microbial activity, but showed no effect in the biomass and qCO2.Keywords: Antibiotics. Amoxicillin. Doxycycline. Bioindicators. Latosols.
Modelos probabilísticos para eventos de precipitações extremas na Cidade de Palmares-PE (Probabilistic modeling for extreme rainfall events in the city of Palmares - PE)
Authors: De Alcântara Lucas Ravellys Pyrrho , Coutinho Artur Paiva , Dos Santos Neto Severino Martins , Melo Tássia dos Anjos Tenório de , Costa Larissa Fernandes , Ribas Larissa Virgínia da Silva , Antonino Antonio Celso Dantas , Alves Edevaldo Miguel
Published: November 2019

A estimava da probabilidade de excedência de eventos de precipitações pluviométricas máximas pode ser realizada a partir da associação entre as séries hidrológicas e modelos probabilísticos. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a aderência da distribuição empírica de Precipitações Diárias Máximas Anuais (PDMA), as distribuições teóricas de probabilidade de Gumbel, Log-Normal de dois parâmetros, Generalizada de Valores Extremos, Fréchet, Weibull para 2 e 3 parâmetros, Gama, Pearson e Log-Pearson para 3 parâmetros. Foi utilizada uma série histórica de precipitação máxima diária anual oriunda da cidade de Palmares-PE, a partir de dados obtidos da Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA). Para avaliar a qualidade de aderência das distribuições, foram utilizados os testes de aderência de Anderson Darling (AD), Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) e o teste Qui-Quadrado de Pearson (χ2). Para quantificação da qualidade dos ajustes estatísticos utilizou-se do coeficiente de determinação (R2). As distribuições de Fréchet e Weibull II não apresentaram aderência a distribuição empírica de frequência.  A distribuição de Gumbel foi a que apresentou maior aderência à distribuição empírica de acordo com o teste Qui-Quadrado de Pearson (χ2), enquanto que a GVE e a Pearson III aos testes AD e KS, respectivamente.  A B S T R A C TTo analyze and estimate the likelihood of new extreme precipitation events, hydrological data records and probabilistic mathematical modeling can be used associated with different recurrence frequencies. The objective of this study was to adjust the PDMA of the city of Palmares-PE, based on data obtained from the National Water Agency (ANA), the Gumbel probability distributions, Log-Normal of two Parameters, Generalized Extreme Values, Fréchet, Weibull for 2 and 3 parameters, Range, Pearson and Log-Pearson for 3 parameters. In order to evaluate the statistical distributions, the Anderson Darling (AD), Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) and Pearson Chi-Square (χ2) tests were used, and the quantification of the quality of the statistical adjustments was done using coefficient of determination (R2). Among the probabilistic distributions analyzed, the only ones that do not fit are the distributions of FRÉCHET and Weibull II. The Gumbel distribution was the best fit for Pearson Chi-square test (χ2), and GVE and Pearson III, respectively, for the AD and KS tests.Keywords: hydrology statistics, return time, intense rain, extreme events, random variables.
A vegetação de cerrado e a sua relação com a quiropterofauna no entorno da cavidade natural subterrânea “Toca do Inferno”, no leste do estado do Maranhão, Brasil (Cerrado vegetation and its relation to the chiropterofauna in the surroundings of the underground natural cavity "Toca do Inferno", in the east of Maranhão state, Brazil)
Authors: Pinheiro Claudio Urbano Bittencourt , Fernandes Bianca dos Santos
Published: November 2019

A caverna “Toca do Inferno”, localizada no município de Barão de Grajaú, na região leste do estado do Maranhão, representa a maior cavidade natural subterrânea identificada no estado, sendo um importante abrigo para morcegos e demais animais nesta área de cerrado da região. Este estudo objetivou caracterizar e avaliar a vegetação de entorno e sua importância para a sustentabilidade do ecossistema regional. No levantamento fitossociológico foram amostrados 802 indivíduos pertencentes a 66 espécies vegetais formadas basicamente por cerrado arbóreo. Em relação a quiropterofauna, foram identificadas 16 espécies que contribuem consideravelmente com o aporte de nutrientes para a caverna, favorecendo a polinização e disseminação de sementes, que ajuda na manutenção e na regeneração da vegetação. A consulta aos moradores revelou a percepção local em relação à caverna e ao ambiente em geral. A maioria não concebe a caverna como um elemento importante para a região. Ficou evidente a necessidade de atividades relacionadas à educação ambiental para demonstrar a relevância e interação destes elementos.   A B S T R A C TThe cave “Toca do Inferno”, located in the municipality of Barão de Grajaú, east region of state of Maranhão, represents the major natural underground cavity in the state, important shelter for bats and others animals in this region of cerrado vegetation. This study aimed to characterize and to evaluate the surroundin vegetation and its importance to the ecosystem sustainability. A socioenvironmental analysis was developed in communities surrounding the cave. In the phytosociological inventory, 802 individuals, belonging to 66 plant species of arboreous cerrado were sampled. About the bat fauna, 16 species were identified. Besides to aid in pollination and seed dispersion, the bats help in the maintenance and restoration of the cerrado vegetation. The interviews with local dwellers were essential to analyze the perception about the environment and the cave. A greater number of local people does not perceive the cave as an important element to the region. It is clear the necessity of activities related to environmental education to demonstrate the relevance and interaction between these elements.Keywords: Vegetation, Cerrado, Caves, Conservation.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE EXTREMOS DE CHUVA NA MESORREGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE BELÉM: O USO DO MODELO BOX PLOT PARA A GESTÃO SOCIOAMBIENTAL (Identification of rain extremes in the metropolitan mesorregion of Belém: the use of the model box plot for the socio-environmental management)
Authors: Da Silva Santos Marcos Ronielly , Vitorino Maria Isabel , Sodré Giordani Rafael Conceição , Oliveira Verônica Gabriella
Published: November 2019

Este artigo apresenta a acurácia do modelo estatístico “Box plot” para a identificação de eventos extremos positivos e negativos de chuva, com vista, ao gerenciamento da gestão socioambiental municipal. Para tanto, utilizou-se dados mensais de precipitação, proveniente da técnica de sensoriamento remoto para a mesorregião metropolitana de Belém, durante o período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2010. Observando a carência de metodologias específicas para a climatologia de eventos extremos e áreas correlatas a gestão ambiental, propõem-se a utilização de métodos oportunos, que visem contribuir para a análise e compressão da variabilidade de extremos climáticos e seus efeitos para a gestão socioambiental. A utilização de anos excepcionais é importante por contribuir com o entendimento das possíveis variabilidades que ocorrem na circulação atmosférica e que refletem nos meses dos anos secos e chuvosos. Portanto, o conhecimento prévio dos eventos de extremos de chuva deve auxiliar a gestão ambiental dos municípios, visando o melhor ordenamento territorial e diminuindo a vulnerabilidade da sociedade frente às intempéries do tempo.   A B S T R A C TThis article presents the accuracy of the Box plot statistical model for the identification of extreme positive and negative rainfall events with a view to the management of municipal social and environmental management. For that, monthly precipitation data from the remote sensing technique for the metropolitan mesoregion of Belém were used during the period from January 2000 to December 2010. Observing the lack of methodologies specific to the climatology of extreme events and areas related to environmental management, it is proposed to use timely methods that contribute to the analysis and compression of the variability of climatic extremes and their effects for environmental management. The use of exceptional years is important because it contributes to the understanding of the possible variabilities that occur in the atmospheric circulation and that reflect in the months of the dry and rainy years. Therefore, previous knowledge of extreme events should help the environmental management of municipalities, aiming at better territorial planning and reducing the vulnerability of society against the weather.Keywords: rain, socio-environmental, statistics.
CONDICIONANTES PARA ELABORAÇÃO DE UM MODELO CONCEITUAL HIDROGEOLÓGICO DA SUB-BACIA DO RIBEIRÃO RODEADOR, BACIA DO RIO DESCOBERTO/DF, COMO FERRAMENTA PARA A GESTÃO INTEGRADA DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS (Conditioning factors for the elaboration of a hydrogeological conceptual model of the Ribeirão Rodeador subwatershed, Descoberto watershed river, Distrito Federal, as a tool for the integrated water resources management)
Authors: Silva Elisa Marie Sette , Cangiano Marina Rique , Da Cunha Luciano Soares , Guiguer Nilson
Published: November 2019

O Distrito Federal tem importante papel para a hidrografia brasileira por possuir nascentes de três grandes bacias: Tocantins, Paraná e São Francisco. No entanto, na região há pouca disponibilidade hídrica frente à crescente demanda populacional. Reflexo disso, foi a crise hídrica decretada em 2017 na capital federal. A Bacia do Rio Descoberto, por ser o maior manancial do Distrito Federal (DF), possui relevante papel nesse contexto, assim como sua sub-bacia do Ribeirão Rodeador, um de seus principais afluentes. Portanto, no sentido de compreender o funcionamento hidrogeológico da sub-bacia de maneira integrada (sistemas hídricos superficiais e subterrâneos) e, assim, contribuir com o aprimoramento da gestão hídrica na bacia. Este estudo apresenta proposta de modelo conceitual hidrogeológico, elaborado a partir de classificação de imagem de satélite, análise de séries históricas de dados pluviométricos e fluviométricos e do cruzamento de dados hidrológicos com outros dados físicos integrados em um sistema de Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) da bacia. Palavras-chave: Hidrologia, SIG, modelagem conceitual hidrogeológico, gestão hídrica, outorga de uso da água, Mike She.   A B S T R A C TDistrito Federal has an important role for the Brazilian hydrography because it has springs of three large basins: Tocantins, Paraná and São Francisco. However, there is little water availability in the region facing the growing population demand. Consequently, in 2017 a water crisis was declared in the federal capital. The Descoberto River Basin, for being the largest source in the Federal District, has a relevant role in this context, as well as its sub-basin of Ribeirão Rodeador, one of its main tributaries. Therefore, in order to understand the hydrogeological functioning of the sub-basin in an integrated manner (surface and underground water systems) and thus to contribute to the improvement of water management in the basin, this study presents a hydrogeological conceptual model, elaborated from classification of satellite image, analysis of historical series of pluviometric and fluviometric data, and crossing of hydrological data with basin GIS.Keywords: Hydrology, SIG. hydrogeological conceptual modeling, water management, water use license, Mike She.
Factores que limitan la producción de caña de azúcar (Sacharum officinalis) en el cantón Naranjito, Guayas
Authors: Damian Quito Luis Fernando , Peña Haro Cesar Antonio , Santander Villao Manuel Oswaldo , Pluas Pilozo Rafael Vicente
Published: November 2019

El presente trabajo es una investigación descriptiva, tuvo como propósito obtener información actualizada de los factores que inciden en la producción de caña de azúcar (Sacharum officinalis), en el recinto san José del cantón Naranjito. Para el efecto se realizó un diagnostico socioeconómico, utilizando el recurso de la encuesta, dirigida a una muestra de 33 productores de caña. En el  estudio se determinó que viven más de 30 años en el lugar, la gran mayoría 55%, tienen instrucción primaria; con una edad superior a los 50 años de edad, cultivan caña en una superficie de 10 a 50 has. Las variedades utilizadas son recomendadas por el SINCAE. Los factores que limitan la producción de caña, está relacionado con el riego y la comercialización a pesar que los ingenios les compra la caña,  se dificulta el pago, ya que lo realizan por cuotas que muchas veces se extienden hasta 8 meses. Los agricultores tienen buena experiencia en el manejo del cultivo de caña que puede ser una fortaleza a la hora de plantear la estrategia de desarrollo para el sector.
Allongement de la jeunesse et précarisation de l’emploi : un lien de causalité ?
Authors: Fleury Charles
Published: November 2019

Cet article examine les modalités d’entrée dans l’âge adulte de deux cohortes de jeunes québécois, nés entre 1942 et 1951 (génération lyrique) et entre 1962-71 (génération X). Examinant l’effet net de la précarisation du marché du travail à partir des données rétrospectives de l’Enquête sociale générale de 2001, il tente plus spécifiquement de savoir jusqu’à quel point les mutations économiques des années 1980-90 permettent d’expliquer le phénomène d’allongement de la jeunesse et de la désynchronisation des parcours de vie. L’analyse montre qu’en définitive, la précarisation de l’emploi semble assez peu liée à ces mutations des parcours de vie, celles-ci semblant davantage s’expliquer par des transformations de nature non-économique tels que l’allongement des études et le changement de valeurs.
Political Affiliation of Canadian Professors
Authors: Nakhaie Reza , Adam Barry
Published: November 2019

The social role of universities has been subject to a lengthy debate as to whether those who teach in the academy are system legitimizing conservatives or radicals helping to generate critical thinking and challenge to the status quo. Despite this controversy, neoconservatives in the U.S. have used the evidence of professors’ strong support for the Democratic candidates as an indication of universities being dominated by left-leaning radicals. The aim of this paper is to evaluate political affiliations of Canadian university professors, based on a national survey conducted in 2000. The study shows that Canadian professors’ political affiliation can be identified as left and/or right depending on how we conceptualize the political orientation of political parties. Although, university professors tended to vote to the Liberal Party more than other parties, they themselves are more likely to view this party as a centrist party. Moreover, the study highlights a complex and non-monolithic picture of the Canadian academy. University professors are not politically homogenous but that their party vote depends on the prestige of their university, their discipline, gender, ethnicity, marital status, generation and extent of their own liberalism.

Résumé. Le rôle social des universités fait depuis longtemps l’objet d’un débat sur l’orientation politique des professeurs : sont-ils des conservateurs qui légitiment le statu quo, ou des radicaux qui aident à créer une pensée critique qui le conteste? Le but du présent article est d’évaluer les affiliations politiques des professeurs canadiens telles qu’elles se dégagent d’un sondage national effectué en 2000. L’étude montre que leur affiliation politique peut être décrite comme de gauche ou de droite, selon la conception qu’on a de l’orientation des partis politiques. Ils votent plus souvent pour les Libéraux que pour d’autres partis, les voyant comme un parti du centre. D’ailleurs, l’étude donne des universités canadiennes un tableau complexe et nullement monolithique. Les professeurs n’ont pas de vues homogènes, ils votent en partie selon le prestige de leur université, leur discipline, leur sexe, leurs antécédents ethniques, leur situation de famille, leur âge et leur attitude envers le libéralisme.
Flows, Eddies, Swamps and Whirlpools: Inequality and the Experience of Work Change
Authors: Siltanen Janet Lee
Published: November 2019

The main concern of this paper is how inequalities are implicated in the capacity individuals have to deal with changes in their work. The ability to deal with change - to seek it out, go with it, benefit from it - is a key aspect of neo-liberal discourse on the contemporary economy. Yet, there is little recognition within this discourse of the different capacities individuals have to initiate or respond to work change. This paper draws attention to such differences, and adds to arguments challenging the flexibilization and individualization encouraged by neo-liberal accounts of the economy. In particular, the paper highlights the two main strategies individuals are advised to adopt in managing employment change – lifelong learning and networking. We identify and provide paradigmatic examples of four profiles of work change: flows and eddies for the advantaged, swamps and whirlpools for the disadvantaged. Our research suggests that attention to how individuals negotiate changes in their employment will help to illuminate the dense and complex character of socially embedded work trajectories, as well as the intricate role of inequality in structuring the processes of change.
Sociology's Global Challenge
Authors: Della Faille Dimitri , McLaughlin Neil
Published: November 2019

Issues related to globalization are central to most contemporary works in sociology, no matter the specialization. During the past two decades, sociologists have investigated the effects of globalization on most aspects of social life and the extent and variety of the research and literature on the subject have been widely commented upon. This special issue of the Canadian Journal of Sociology represents a modest attempt to stimulate a discussion of the relation sociology itself has with globalization. These papers examine the contemporary transformations of the organization of sociological work and the production of sociological research and discourse in the context of the growing interaction of local, national, regional, and global networks.

Résumé. Les questions liées à la globalisation sont centrales dans la plupart des travaux contemporains en sociologie et ce, peu importe la branche de spécialisation. Durant les deux dernières décennies, les sociologues ont examiné les effets de la mondialisation sur la majorité des aspects de la vie sociale. Le nombre et la variété de la recherche et de la littérature sur le sujet ont été abondamment commentés. Ce numéro spécial des Cahiers canadiens de sociologie est une modeste tentative visant à susciter une discussion à propos de la relation entre la sociologie et la globalisation. Les articles de ce numéro examinent les transformations contemporaines dans l’organisation du travail sociologique, mais aussi dans la production de la recherche sociologique et de son discours dans le contexte d’une augmentation des interactions entre réseaux locaux, nationaux, régionaux et globaux.
On the Communicative Geography of Global Sociology
Authors: Jacobs Ronald N. , Townsley Eleanor
Published: November 2019

This article analyzes the two distinct communicative logics that inform the institutional geography and normative understanding of global sociology. The globalizing logic imagines a unitary global space that organizes sociological debate; the transnational logic envisions a series of overlapping sociological debates, often organized within a national context that is in the process of cosmopolitan, global, and transnational transformation. We argue that both logics shape communication in the sociological tradition, even if neither project is fully realized. The main challenge to global sociology, particularly in its globalizing form, is the existence of extremely influential spaces of sociological debate in North

America and Europe, which reproduce the privileges of the larger and more powerful national associations. At the same time, these large, powerful national associations are becoming increasingly transnationalized, putting centre and periphery into dialogue, if in limited and uneven ways.

Résumé. Cet article analyse deux logiques communicatives distinctes qui contribuent à la géographie institutionnelle et à l’approche normative de la sociologie globale. La logique globalisante imagine un espace global unitaire qui organise le débat sociologique; la logique transnationale envisage une série de débats sociologiques imbriqués qui s’organisent souvent dans le cadre d’un contexte national, alors que le contexte national est en train de subir une transformation cosmopolite, globale, et transnationale. Nous soutenons que ces deux logiques déterminent la communication dans la tradition sociologique, même si leurs projets ne se réalisent pas. Le grand défi pour une sociologie globale, surtout sous forme globalisante, semble être l’existence des lieux de débat sociologique extrêmement puissants en Amérique du nord et en Europe, qui, tout en ayant une influence globale, tendent à reproduire les privilèges des associations nationales les plus vastes et les plus puissantes. Pourtant, ces grandes associations nationales puissantes deviennent de plus en plus transnationalisées, de façon à établir un dialogue entre centre et périphérie – mais encore une fois, selon des échanges limités et inégaux.
Culture and class in Canada
Authors: Veenstra Gerry
Published: November 2019

I apply Pierre Bourdieu’s conception of relationally-defined social spaces of capitals and classes that delimit highbrow and lowbrow cultural forms to Canadian society. I use categorical principal components analysis techniques and a nationally representative survey dataset from 1998 containing measures of economic capital, cultural capital and a wide range of cultural practices to construct a visual representation of Canadian social space which is directly inspired by the social space for 1960s France crafted by Bourdieu in Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste (Bourdieu 1984). After identifying nascent class groupings and potentially highbrow and lowbrow cultural practices in my depiction of social space, I speculate on precisely how such cultural practices might factor into class dynamics in Canada, in particular examining the role played by “cultural omnivorism” in identifying and reinforcing class distinctions.
Tracking Environmental Crime Through CEPA: Canada's Environment Cops or Industry's Best Friend?
Authors: Girard April L , Day Suzanne , Snider Laureen
Published: November 2019

This paper examines shifts in the regulation and governance of environment crime over the 20 year period since the passage of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) in 1988, tracing its history, policies and enforcement record from 1989-2008. Documents assessed include Environment Canada’s enforcement data, Annual Reports, Reports on its Plans and Priorities, the Senate and House of Commons five-year reviews of CEPA 1988 and CEPA 1999 and the government’s response to these reviews. The purpose of the paper is to document the process and compromises that have shaped federal environmental protection, and explore the policy paralysis this has produced.
Intégration économique des nouveaux immigrants: adéquation entre l'emploi occupé avant l'arrivée au Québec et les emplois occupés depuis l'immigration
Authors: Girard Magali , Smith Michael , Renaud Jean
Published: November 2019

Résumé. Le manque de reconnaissance des titres de compétences acquis à l’étranger par les employeurs canadiens est l’une des causes souvent citées pour expliquer l’augmentation de la disparité salariale entre immigrants et non-immigrants au Canada. Le but de la présente étude est d’analyser le lien entre le domaine de l’emploi principal occupé par les immigrants avant leur arrivée et les emplois qu’ils ont occupés en début d’établissement, ainsi que l’effet net d’une adéquation des emplois sur le revenu des immigrants récents. Les données proviennent de l’enquête longitudinale sur l’établissement des nouveaux immigrants (ÉNI), laquelle retrace le parcours d’une cohorte d’immigrants arrivés en 1989. Les résultats suggèrent que la plupart des immigrants récents ne se trouvent pas un emploi dans leur domaine; par ailleurs, se trouver un emploi dans son domaine mène à un salaire plus élevé.

Abstract. One of the reasons often provided for the salary gap between immigrants and native-born Canadians is the difficulty experienced by many immigrants in securing recognition for skills acquired overseas. In this paper, we examine the extent to which, after arrival, immigrants find jobs in the same occupations in which they were employed in their home countries. We also examine the effect on earnings of a match between the pre- and post-immigration occupations. The data come from the longitudinal survey “Établissement des nouveaux immigrants” which followed a cohort of immigrants who arrived in 1989. Our results suggest that most recent immigrants move into a new occupation when they arrive in Canada and that those whose pre- and post-immigration occupations match tend to earn more.
Why doesn't Canada have an American-style Christian Right? A Comparative Framework for Analyzing the Political Effects of Evangelical Subcultural Identity
Authors: Bean Lydia , Kaufman Jason , Gonzalez Marco Jesus
Published: November 2019

Political commentators have asked if Canada could see the rise of an

American-style “Culture War,” where evangelical Protestants are rallied by moral issues to support the Conservative party. This paper argues that even though Canadian evangelicals are just as morally conservative as American evangelicals, they work from very different understandings about the relationship between religious morality and national identity. We predict that rank-and-file Canadian evangelicals will be less responsive to political mobilization around moral issues

because they construct their subcultural identity differently than American evangelicals. This paper uses a multimethod strategy to analyze the political impact of evangelical subcultural identity, a cultural mechanism that mediates the political effects of moral attitudes. We illustrate this multidimensional concept of

subcultural identity through survey data, in-depth interviews, and comparative-historical data. This comparative framework for studying subcultural identity helps explain why the content of evangelical Protestant morality becomes linked to political behaviour in some national contexts and historical periods but not others.

Résumé. Les commentateurs politiques se sont demandé si le canada pouvait voir l’émergence d’une « Guerre culturelle » de type américain, qui verrait les Protestants évangéliques soutenir le parti conservateur sur la base de questions morales. Dans cet article, nous soutenons que bien que les évangéliques canadiens soient tout aussi conservateur sur le plan moral que les évangéliques américains, ils comprennent de façon très différente la relation entre morale religieuse et identité nationale. Nous prédisons que la base des évangéliques canadiens est peu susceptible de répondre à une mobilisation politique sur des questions morales, parce que son identité sous-culturelle est construite différemment de celle des évangéliques américains. Cet article mets en œuvre des méthodes croisées pour analyser l’impact politique de la sous culture évangélique, comprise comme un mécanisme culturel qui influence l’effet politique de dispositions morales. Nous illustrons le concept multidimensionnel d’identité sous-culturelle en mobilisant des données quantitatives, des entretiens approfondis, et des données historiques comparatives. Une utilisation comparative du cadre de l’identité sous culturelle permet d’expliquer pourquoi le contenu de la morale évangélique protestante n’affecte les comportements politiques que dans certains contextes nationaux et périodes historiques.
The Concept of Truth Regime
Authors: Weir Lorna
Published: November 2019

See text. This programme doesn't appear to let me copy the abstract here.
Hollowing Out Corporate Canada? Changes in the Corporate Network Since the 1990s
Authors: Carroll William K , Klassen Jerome
Published: November 2019

The recent spate of foreign takeovers once again raises the question of whether Canada’s corporate elite is being ‘hollowed out’ in a silent surrender to foreign-based transnational firms. Using data from a study of interlocking directorates among the largest corporations in Canada and the world for the years 1996 and 2006, this paper assesses whether recent changes in the Canadian corporate network indicate a process of hollowing out or the reproduction of a domestic elite within global circuits of capital.
Mapping the Social Space of Opinion: Public Sociology and the Op-Ed in Canada
Authors: Kowalchuk Lisa , McLaughlin Neil
Published: November 2019

This special issue of CJS illustrates the international spread of an empassioned debate among sociologists about the future direction of their discipline ignited by Michael Burawoy’s call to elevate the presence and status of public sociology. Burawoy’s program entails a greater engagement by sociologists with civil society (non-governmental organizations, communities, movements) in the development of their research agenda, and the production of research outputs that are more accessible, relevant, and useful to non-academic audiences. Burawoy and his supporters see the emphasis on public sociology as a way to revitalize the discipline, in particular, to solve several inter-related problems that it faces, at least in the U.S: a lack of internal coherence, declining public legitimacy, public misapprehension of what sociologists do, and minimal influence on policy-making (Burawoy 2004a, Turner 2006, Boyns and Fletcher 2005). Skeptics and critics within the discipline, conversely, argue that “going public” will only hurt sociology’s public legitimacy, insofar as it constitutes a kind of left-liberal moralizing that is out of sync with majority currents of opinion.
Drifting Apart? The Institutional Dynamics Awaiting Public Sociology in Canada
Authors: Davies Scott
Published: November 2019

Michael Burawoy offers an innovative call to re-integrate our discipline. Using Canada as an example, I argue that his proposal underestimates the extent of institutional separatism among branches of sociology. Influenced by anti-positivist currents in the humanities over the past two decades, critical sociologists are disconnecting from mainstream empirical research. Simultaneously, the mainstream is moving in a very different direction as it responds to developments in other social sciences, and largely ignores the humanities. I hypothesize that this institutional drift is limiting the possibility of mutual correction between various branches of sociology, a process that is central to Burawoy’s proposal. Possible scenarios for the future of public sociology in Canada are discussed in light of this hypothesis
The HPV Vaccination Campaign: A Project of Moral Regulation in an Era of Biopolitics
Authors: Connell Erin
Published: November 2019

This article examines the Canadian human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination campaign in order to analyze the ways in which HPV and the threat of cervical cancer are framed as well as the individual risk management strategies that are made available to mothers and their daughters. The authors argue that the HPV campaign is illustrative of the moralization of health, a convergence of the regulatory discourses of moralization and medicalization in an era of bio-politics. Significantly, these discourses are put into play by a complex professional alliance that is mobilized by the extensive resources of the pharmaceutical industry. The convergence of both medical and market interests responsibilizes parents, specifically mothers, as well as schools, resulting in a vaccination program that verges on one that is mandatory. As such, HPV and cer-vical cancer prevention discourses constitute a moral regulation project directed at the regulation of the bodies of young women.
Exposure to Global Markets, Internal Labour Markets, and Worker Compensation: Evidence from Canadian Microdata
Authors: Zhang Heather , Smith Michael R.
Published: November 2019

Because of the fact that globalization seems, in aggregate, to be associated with rising inequality, much of the sociological literature treats the process very critically. Our results suggest a more nuanced approach. Prolonged exposure to export markets is associated with higher pay and both prolonged exposure to export markets and foreign ownership are associated with higher total compensation. Pay is substantially tied to productivity, probably through exposure to international best practices. At the same time, the presence of internal labour market traits is also associated with higher pay and higher total compensation. We conclude that it makes little sense to oppose productivity and power explanations of labour market outcomes; rather, they should be regarded as joint influences on compensation determination, consistent with the broad lesson of a "post" new structuralist sociology of labour markets.
Pela necessidade de criar, manter e fortalecer o ecossistema empreendedor solidário
Authors: Bacic Miguel Juan , Morais Leandro
Published: November 2019

A discussão sobre as bases sistêmicas que induzem a criação de novos empreendimentos se fundamenta nos conceitos de “ecossistema empreendedor” (Isemberg 2011). A partir dos anos 1990, o tema do ecoss
SENTIDOS DO TRABALHO: UMA PERSPECTIVA DE TRABALHADORES DE ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA
Authors: SANTOS GABRIELA COMISSARIO , Webering Susana Iglesias
Published: November 2019

Nas últimas décadas o mundo do trabalho passou por diversas transformações, gerando a flexibilização das organizações e a precarização das relações de trabalho, ao mesmo tempo em que se viu aumentar o
Paisagem cultural como instrumento de gestão: Um processo teórico metodológico para implementação de diretrizes para atuação em poligonal tombada.
Authors: SILVA JOÃO GUSTAVO ANDRADE
Published: November 2019

A paisagem tem sido comumente capturada como instrumento de valoração do patrimônio cultural, todavia também pode ser utilizada como um instrumento de gestão. Não se trata de entender a paisagem como
EDUCAÇÃO 4.0 – Educação em tempos da 4º Revolução Industrial, necessidade de um novo olhar para a educação: um estudo de caso.
Authors: Rios Juliana , CÉSAR FRANCISCO I. GIOCONDO
Published: November 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo abordar as novas competências que a quarta Revolução Industrial está impondo ao trabalhador do futuro, quais as competências que a Base Nacional Comum Curricular traz par
Analisis Ketimpangan Perekonomian Terhadap Tingkat Pendidikan Di Kecamatan Prambanan
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Hafidhudin , Ramadani Mutia Januar , Utomo Gatot Purbo , Murnawi Fitria Febri , Rozi Abdullah Hadiid , Vionilla Kurnia
Published: November 2019

Indonesia merupakan negara berkembang di Asia Tenggara. Berbagai problematika di Indonesia cukup banyak, salah satunya permasalahan yaitu disparitas (ketimpangan) pendidikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan fenomena ketimpangan perekonomian, serta pengaruhnya terhadap tingkat pendidikan masyarakat di Kecamatan Prambanan. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis kuantitatif untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana suatu ketimpangan ekonomi itu dapat mempengaruhi tingkat pendidikan. Sampel dari penelitian ini menggunakan persil bangunan di Kecamatan Prambanan, dengan jumlah sampel 1599 persil bangunan. Teknik pengambilan data dengan menggunakan kuisioner, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Variabel penelitian meliputi pendapatan yang  mewakili keadaan perekonomian masyarakat Prambanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 16 desa di Kecamatan Prambanan, adanya keberagam keadaan perekonomian warga. Desa Pereng memiliki tingkat pendapatan paling tinggi dengan rata rata pendapatan lebih dari Rp. 1.500.000, sedang Desa Randusari memiliki tingkat perekonomian paling rendah yaitu rata rata pendapatan kurang dari Rp.500.000. Keragaman ekonomi tersebut dapat mempengaruhi pendidikan. Faktor-faktor yang membuat ekonomi dan pendidikan saling memengaruhi adalah jumlah penghasilan dan pengeluaran tiap bulan dari tiap-tiap individu. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa meskipun memiliki tingkat pendapatan yang rendah, tapi masyarakat memiliki kesadaran akan pentingnya pendidikan yang tinggi, mereka tetap menyekolahkan anak-anak mereka di sekolah gratis yang dibiayai oleh negara.
Analisis Kesiapsiagaan Komunitas Sekolah Muhammadiyah dalam Menghadapi Bencana Tanah Longsor di Kabupaten Karanganyar
Authors: Catur Pujianingsih Marta Nilasari , Wibowo Rochmad Tri , Indrianto Wahyu Tulus , Purnamasari Intan , Rozi Abdullah Hadid , Wulandari Dyah Ayu
Published: November 2019

Kabupaten Karanganyar merupakan suatu wilayah yang memiliki potensi terhadap bencana tanah longsor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesiapsiagaan di SD, SMP dan SMA Muhammadiyah terhadap bencana tanah longsor di Kabupaten Karanganyar, serta mengetahui perbandingan kesiapsiagaan di SD, SMP dan SMA Muhammadiyah terhadap bencana tanah longsor di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling dimana sampel yang dipilih berdasarkan strata atau tingkatan. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif, dengan menggunakan pedoman kesiapsiagaan yang bersumber dari LIPI 2006. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesiapsiagaan Komunitas Sekolah Muhammadiyah dalam menghadapi bencana tanah longsor sangatlah beragam. Kesiapsiagaan siswa Muhammadiyah memiliki kategori sangat siap dalam menghadapi bencana tanah longsor, sementara itu kesiapsiagaan guru memiliki kategori siap dalam menghadapi bencana tanah longsor, akan tetapi kesiapsiagaan kepala sekolah yakni termasuk kedalam belum siap dalam menghadapi bencana tanah longsor. Sementara itu tingkat perbandingan kesiapsiagaan siswa, guru, dan kepala sekolah memiliki perbandingan yang sangat signifikan, yakni berdasarkan hasil yang telah diperoleh dapat dijelaskan bahwa kesiapsiagaan siswa dan guru Muhammadiyah sangatlah tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan kepala sekolah yang belum siap dalam menghadapi bencana tanah longsor berdasarkan parameter-parameter yang telah ditentukan.
Sebaran Salinitas Air Tanah Bebas di Desa Pulogading Kecamatan Bulakamba Kabupaten Brebes Jawa Tengah
Authors: Baroroh Zulai Fatul , Harsono Tricahyono Nur , Ali Sya’ban Moch Balya , Dahlia Siti
Published: November 2019

Permasalahan penurunan kualitas air tanah akibat intrusi secara alami terjadi pada daerah pesisir, termasuk pada wilayah penelitian yaitu Desa Pulogading Kecamatan Bulakamba Kabupaten Brebes Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat salinitas air tanah bebas berdasarkan klasifikasi Zona Konservasi Air Tanah Departemen Energi dan Sumberdaya Mineral, dan bagaimana sebarannya di desa penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey-deskriptif. Pengambilan data primer dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2018 pada musim kemarau, dengan jumlah 18 titik sampel. Penentuan titik sampel menggunakan sistem grid dengan interval 750m. Data yang di peroleh berupa angka kadar salinitas berdasarkan % NaCl dengan alat ukur saltmeter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar salinitas air tanah bebas di Desa Pulogading Kecamatan Bulakamba Kabupaten Brebes Jawa Tengah bervariatif. Sebagian besar (72,2%) air tanah wilayah penelitian termasuk dalam kategori rawan, 16,7%  wilayah penelitian dengan kategori aman, dan 11,1% merupakan kategori kritis. Selain itu, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar salinitas air tanah bebas dipengaruhi oleh cara pengambilan dan jenis penggunaan serta tutupan lahannnya.
Cover Eltrik
Authors: Eltrik Admin
Published: November 2019

Cover Eltrik Vol.1, No.1