bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical characterization of 3He ion beams for radiotherapy and comparison with 4He
Authors: Horst Felix , Schardt Dieter , Iwase Hiroshi , Schuy Christoph , Durante Marco , Weber Uli
Published: March 2021

There is increasing interest in using helium ions for radiotherapy, complementary to protons and carbon ions. A large number of patients were treated with 4He ions in the US heavy ion therapy project and novel 4He ion treatment programs are under preparation, for instance in Germany and Japan. 3He ions have been proposed as an alternative to 4He ions because the acceleration of 3He is technically less difficult than 4He. In particular, beam contaminations have been pointed out as a potential safety issue for 4He ion beams. This motivated a series of experiments with 3He ion beams at Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt. Measured 3He Bragg curves and fragmentation data in water are presented in this work. Those experimental data are compared with FLUKA Monte Carlo simulations. The physical characteristics of 3He ion beams are compared to those of 4He, for which a large set of data became available in recent years from the preparation work at the Heidelberger Ionenstrahl-Therapiezentrum (HIT). The dose distributions (spread out Bragg peaks, lateral profiles) that can be achieved with 3He ions are found to be competitive to 4He dose distributions. The effect of beam contaminations on 4He depth dose distribution is also addressed. It is concluded that 3He ions can be a viable alternative to 4He, especially for future compact therapy accelerator designs and upgrades of existing ion therapy facilities.
A three-dimensional model of streamer discharges in unsteady airflow
Authors: Niknezhad M , Chanrion O , Köhn C , Holbøll J , Neubert T
Published: March 2021

A 3D fluid model has been developed to simulate streamer discharges in unsteady airflow. The model couples the drift–diffusion equation for charged particles, the Navier–Stokes equations for air, the Poisson’s equation for the electric field, and the Helmholtz equation for photoionization. It allows us to study electrical discharges at different timescales defined by light and heavy particles and to investigate the effects of unsteady airflow. The model treats the time integration in an implicit manner to allow longer time steps, which makes the simulation of long-duration discharges feasible. Moreover, the model uses an unstructured mesh allowing the calculation around solid bodies with complex geometries, and uses adaptive mesh refinement to lower the computation time. The validity and accuracy of the model has been verified by comparing its results with published results, which compares simulations in steady air from six different streamer codes. Our results are consistent and among the most accurate in terms of charge conservation. In order to investigate the influence of wind on streamer discharges, we present results from simulation of a long-duration discharge, in which two successive positive streamers are initiated from a positive polarity electrode in presence of a transverse airflow. This simulation shows that the impact of airflow on positive streamers is driven by the ions, and therefore the airflow effects are seen in ions timescale. Interestingly, we observe that the positive streamer channel, while tilting in the direction of the wind, remains attached to the surface of the electrode. The subsequent positive streamer emerges from the charges remaining from the initial streamer, which have been moved over the electrode surface toward the trailing edge. This mechanism shows and explains the clear tilting of the successive positive streamers in the direction of the wind.
Interference traps waves in an open system: bound states in the continuum
Authors: Sadreev Almas F
Published: March 2021

I review the four mechanisms of bound states in the continuum (BICs) in the application of microwave and acoustic cavities open to directional waveguides. The most simple are symmetry-protected BICs, which are localized inside the cavity because of the orthogonality of the eigenmodes to the propagating modes of waveguides. However, the most general and interesting is the Friedrich–Wintgen mechanism, when the BICs are the result of the fully destructive interference of outgoing resonant modes. The third type of BICs, Fabry–Perot BICs, occurs in a double resonator system when each resonator can serve as an ideal mirror. Finally, the accidental BICs can be realized in the open cavities with no symmetry like the open Sinai billiard in which the eigenmode of the resonator can become orthogonal to the continuum of the waveguide accidentally due to a smooth deformation of the eigenmode. We also review the one-dimensional systems in which the BICs occur owing to the fully destructive interference of two waves separated by spin or polarization or by paths in the Aharonov–Bohm rings. We make broad use of the method of effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian equivalent to the coupled mode theory, which detects BICs by finding zero-width resonances.
Initial investigations into the MOS interface of freestanding 3C-SiC layers for device applications
Authors: Renz A B , Li F , Vavasour O J , Gammon P M , Dai T , Baker G W C , Via F La , Zielinski M , Zhang L , Grant N E , Murphy J D , Mawby P A , Jennings M , Shah V A
Published: March 2021

This letter reports on initial investigation results on the material quality and device suitability of a homo-epitaxial 3C-SiC growth process. Atomic force microscopy surface investigations revealed root-mean square surface roughness levels of 163.21 nm, which was shown to be caused by pits (35 μm width and 450 nm depth) with a density of 1.09 × 105 cm−2 which had formed during material growth. On wider scan areas, the formation of these were seen to be caused by step bunching, revealing the need for further epitaxial process improvement. X-ray diffraction showed good average crystalline qualities with a full width of half-maximum of 160 arcseconds for the 3C-SiC (002) being lower than for the 3C-on-Si material (210 arcseconds). The analysis of C–V curves then revealed similar interface-trapped charge levels for freestanding 3C-SiC, 3C-SiC on Si and 4H-SiC, with forming gas post-deposition annealed freestanding 3C-SiC devices showing D
IT levels of 3.3 × 1011 cm−2 eV−1 at E
C−E
T = 0.2 eV. The homo-epitaxially grown 3C-SiC material’s suitability for MOS applications could also be confirmed by leakage current measurements.
Wide bandgap tunability of N-alloyed ZnGa2O4 thin films
Authors: Wang Wei-Kai , Liu Kuo-Feng , Wang Sung‐Yu , Guo Jian-Cheng , Huang Shih-Yung
Published: March 2021

ZnGa2O4 films with different nitrogen impurity concentrations were deposited using radio frequency magnetron sputtering in an ammonia (NH3)/Ar gas mixture and were post-annealed at different temperatures, ranging from 600 °C to 900 °C, in NH3 atmosphere. The influence of ammonia partial pressure ratio and nitridation temperature on the microstructure, surface morphology, nitrogen doping profile, and optical properties has been investigated. The optical band gap of ZnGa2O4, under in-situ nitrogen-doping, decreases from 4.6 to 4.1 eV but the primitive ZnGa2O4 crystalline structure does not change. On nitridation, the optical band gap gradually decreases from 4.6 to 2.1 eV and the ZnGa2O4 changes into a zinc gallium oxynitride quaternary alloy structure. Secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis revealed that nitrogen atoms were uniformly distributed in the film. The narrowing, by more than 40%, of the optical band gap is attributed to the hybridization of Zn3d and N2p orbits promote p-d repulsion in the top of the valence band, and the formation of hexagonal wurtzite phase.
Effect of jagged field plate structures on DC and RF performance of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs
Authors: Zou Hao , Yang Lin-an , Ma Xiao-hua , Hao Yue
Published: March 2021

Many field plate structures have been applied to improve the breakdown voltage in high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). In this paper, the effects of various gate field plate structures on DC and RF performance of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs have been compared. The devices were fabricated on a 3 in sapphire substrate with 0.8 µm gate length, 3 µm source–drain distance, and 50 µm gate width. The results show that the discontinuous field plate structures can improve the cut-off frequency characteristics, but the breakdown characteristics will be weakened. And the increase of the field plate length can improve the breakdown characteristics. Thus, the breakdown characteristics and the cut-off frequency characteristic need to be balanced according to the actual applications by adjusting the length and the area of the field plate structure.
Soft flexible conductive CNT nanocomposites for ECG monitoring
Authors: Chu Marco , Naguib Hani E
Published: March 2021

With the continuing development and interest in wearable electronics and smart textiles, the need for a flexible conductive electrode for use in portable and wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) for long term monitoring rises. Here, we assess the efficacy and performance of various conductive composite polymers in collecting electrical signals from the heart. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) were blended with 1%, 2%, 5%, and 10% carbon nanotube (CNT) content using ultrasonication and compression molding techniques. The elastic modulus of the composites increased dramatically at 5% CNT and higher due to the high tensile modulus of the CNTs. The conductivity of each material also increased due to the formation of the conductive network past the percolation threshold. At 10% CNT, SBS, TPU, and EVA had conductivities of 257.9, 51.5, and 2.41 S m−1 respectively. TPU and SBS composites had better strain response due to their linearity between resistance and strain. On the acquisition of electrical signals from the heart, only 5% and 10% SBS-CNT composites were able to detect the ECG waves from the heart. The performance of the material met and even exceeded that of the commercial electrodes with slightly less high frequency noise.
Investigation of AC loss of superconducting field coils in a double-stator superconducting flux modulation generator by using T-A formulation based finite element method
Authors: Liu Yingzhen , Ou Jing , Cheng Yi , Schreiner Fabian , Zhang Yuanzhi , Vargas-Llanos Carlos , Grilli Francesco , Qu Ronghai , Doppelbauer Martin , Noe Mathias
Published: March 2021

In order to reliably make use of superconductors in wind generators, a double-stator superconducting flux modulation generator is proposed here to avoid rotation of field coils and armature windings. The superconducting field coils are located in the inner stator while the armature windings are placed in the outer stator. In this way, the stationary-rotatory couplings of current and cryogenic coolants for superconducting field coils and/or armature windings are removed. Because of the modulation effect of the reluctance rotor between the two stators and the armature reaction field, moving AC magnetic fields are acted on superconducting coils in the inner stator. These moving AC magnetic fields are called magnetic field harmonics in the flux modulation generators. The frequencies of these harmonics are multiples of rotor mechanical frequency. Compared to synchronous superconducting generators, the amplitudes of the harmonics are higher. Even though methods to reduce the amplitudes of harmonics have been studied, the level of the AC loss in the superconducting field coils is still unknown. In this paper, numerical simulations based on the T–A formulation are used to estimate the AC loss of the superconducting field coils in a 10 MW double-stator superconducting flux modulation generator. It is found that by choosing a suitable working temperature, the AC loss of the superconducting field coils without any harmonic reduction methods is not very high, but eddy current loss of copper thermal shield inside the cryostat is significantly higher.
Non-invasive wearable seizure detection using long–short-term memory networks with transfer learning
Authors: Nasseri Mona , Pal Attia Tal , Joseph Boney , Gregg Nicholas M , Nurse Ewan S , Viana Pedro F , Schulze-Bonhage Andreas , Dümpelmann Matthias , Worrell Gregory , Freestone Dean R , Richardson Mark P , Brinkmann Benjamin H
Published: March 2021

Objective. The detection of seizures using wearable devices would improve epilepsy management, but reliable detection of seizures in an ambulatory environment remains challenging, and current studies lack concurrent validation of seizures using electroencephalography (EEG) data. Approach. An adaptively trained long–short-term memory deep neural network was developed and trained using a modest number of seizure data sets from wrist-worn devices. Transfer learning was used to adapt a classifier that was initially trained on intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) signals to facilitate classification of non-EEG physiological datasets comprising accelerometry, blood volume pulse, skin electrodermal activity, heart rate, and temperature signals. The algorithm’s performance was assessed with and without pre-training on iEEG signals and transfer learning. To assess the performance of the seizure detection classifier using long-term ambulatory data, wearable devices were used for multiple months with an implanted neurostimulator capable of recording iEEG signals, which provided independent electrographic seizure detections that were reviewed by a board-certified epileptologist. Main results. For 19 motor seizures from 10 in-hospital patients, the algorithm yielded a mean area under curve (AUC), a sensitivity, and an false alarm rate per day (FAR/day) of 0.98, 0.93, and 2.3, respectively. Additionally, for eight seizures with probable motor semiology from two ambulatory patients, the classifier achieved a mean AUC of 0.97 and an FAR of 2.45 events/day at a sensitivity of 0.9. For all seizure types in the ambulatory setting, the classifier had a mean AUC of 0.82 with a sensitivity of 0.47 and an FAR of 7.2 events/day. Significance. The performance of the algorithm was evaluated using motor and non-motor seizures during in-hospital and ambulatory use. The classifier was able to detect multiple types of motor and non-motor seizures, but performed significantly better on motor seizures.
Constrained non-crossing Brownian motions, fermions and the Ferrari–Spohn distribution
Authors: Gautié Tristan , Smith Naftali R
Published: March 2021

A conditioned stochastic process can display a very different behavior from the unconditioned process. In particular, a conditioned process can exhibit non-Gaussian fluctuations even if the unconditioned process is Gaussian. In this work, we revisit the Ferrari–Spohn model of a Brownian bridge conditioned to avoid a moving wall, which pushes the system into a large-deviation regime. We extend this model to an arbitrary number N of non-crossing Brownian bridges. We obtain the joint distribution of the distances of the Brownian particles from the wall at an intermediate time in the form of the determinant of an N × N matrix whose entries are given in terms of the Airy function. We show that this distribution coincides with that of the positions of N spinless noninteracting fermions trapped by a linear potential with a hard wall. We then explore the N ≫ 1 behavior of the system. For simplicity we focus on the case where the wall’s position is given by a semicircle as a function of time, but we expect our results to be valid for any concave wall function.
Synthesis and Biological evaluation of Novel Nicotinonitrile derivatives derived from N-Substituted Coumarinyl Chalcones
Authors: Mohammed Mariam M. , Ibraheem Hiba H. , Hussein Amal A.
Published: March 2021

This work included synthesis of several new pyridine derivatives (3a-c) by cyclization of Coumarinyl Chalcones (2a-c) with malononitrile in presence of ammonium acetate. Prepared compounds were diagnosed using Melting point, TLC, FT-IR spectroscopy and 1H-NMR. The synthesized pyridines (3a-c) were screnned for their antibacterial and antifungal activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., and Candida albicans. Respectively by diffusion method compounds 3a, 3b and 3c showed good antibacterial activity and by comparison with the medicine Ampicillin. Compounds 3a, 3b and 3c showed moderate antifungal activity compared to the standard drug fluconazole.
Explicit Numerical Model of Solar Cells to Determine Current and Voltage
Authors: Rasheed M. , Mohammed O. Y. , Shihab S. , Al-Adili Aqeel
Published: March 2021

This paper deals with the extraction of the physical parameters of solar cells (a single diode model) from the equivalent circuit of the cell. The extraction is carried out by three different numerical methods with a comparison between them. The first and second methods are a difference of the Newton Raphson algorithm (NRM) and Aitken’s extrapolation algorithm (AEM), respectively. The roots of the nonlinear equation of this cell have been described and solved using the three methods. The proposed method is tested to solve the output voltage; current and power of this cell from the roots of this equation with the various values of load resistance RL.
Investigation of structural, morphology, optical properties and electrical transport conduction of Li0.25Na0.75CdVO4 compound
Authors: Enneffatia M. , Rasheed M. , Louatia B. , Guidaraa K. , Shihab S. , Barillé R.
Published: March 2021

Polycrystalline Li0.25Na0.75CdVO4 was synthesized via a solid-state technique under air atmosphere. It is found that X-ray diffraction peaks are listed as orthorhombic Na2CrO4 structure belonging to the space group Cmcm. Composition of elements was examined by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX or EDS). Grains size and morphology of the present material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (MEB) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Electrical measurements were performed using complex impedance spectroscopy. Impedance curves confirm the presence of two contributions and an equivalent circuit was suggested. An electrical transport in the material as a thermally activated process has been achieved using DC conductivity. While; AC conductivity is analyzed by the non-overlapping small polar on tunneling (NSPT) conduction mechanism. Refractive index, extinction coefficient, and band gap energy were determined from ellipsometric measurements.
Characterization and Photodetector of Zinc Oxide/Si thin films prepared by Spray Pyrolysis Technique
Authors: Salman Amenah ali , Khalef Wafaa K
Published: March 2021

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles via spray pyrolysis technique on the glass and Si substrates, was employed as a photodetector. XDR analysis shows, the sharp and strong peaks observed at diffraction angles 2Θ° of 31.83°,34.49°,36.32° corresponded to the, (100) (002) and (101) planes respectively. Some added peaks with small intensities were noticed with orientation (110), (102), (103) and (200). Optical properties of prepared films show a peak position at 365 nm and energy gap value is 3.8eV of ZnO nanoparticles. The AFM indicates that the product is approximately a spherical shape and that the average diameter of the particles about 63.96 nm. The current voltage characterization shows in the case of reverse bias, a stream of illumination was greater than the current of darkness. In the front bias, the current of darkness is a close value and the current of light changes greatly. The detector parameters (responsivity and quantum efficiency) of ZnO NPs also calculated.
Analytical Solution of Thermal Effects in Thin Disk Laser
Authors: Shibib K S , Munshid M A , Bader J K
Published: March 2021

In this work, the analytical solution of thermal effects in thin disk laser was derived using an integral transform method. Good agreements were found between the result of this work and other solutions for the same problem. The temperature distribution and its effect on laser crystal were obtained. It was found that increasing cooling of the thin disk leads to decrease in temperature difference across the crystal, which decreases the generated stress and strain and subsequently enhance beam quality (i.e. reduce optical path difference) also it was found that as cooling is increased the allowable pumping power (before fracture could occur) is increased too. It was found also that, reduce disk thickness has the same effect of increasing cooling of the disk due to the fact that as thickness decrease the heat could dissipate more efficiently.
Parameters Estimation of Photovoltaic Model Using Nonlinear Algorithms
Authors: Rasheed M , Shihab S , Mohammed O Y , Al-Adili Aqeel
Published: March 2021

Equivalent circuit model has been proposed to describe the solar cell characteristics and commonly used is single diode model. Sundry methods are currently utilized to determine the values of voltage, current, and power of a photovoltaic cell. A new method is suggested to numerically find these values using the popular methods, Newton Raphson method (NRM); Aitken’s extrapolation algorithm (AEM) and Three-step method (TSM) at various values of a load resistance R. Equation based on equivalent circuit of a solar cell so all determinations is imlemented in a Matlab in ambient temperature. The obtained results of this new method are given and contrasted with NRM.
Portable waste capacity detection system based on microcontroller and website
Authors: Desnanjaya I G M N , Nugraha I M A
Published: March 2021

Waste becomes a problem that is often found in everyday life. It requires special attention towards the condition of the saltation, especially in the garbage disposal. The condition for garbage disposal must always be in a state of preparation, otherwise it may cause garbage to continue to pile up and scatter. Some issues were faced such as the slow handling of waste management caused by one-to-one-garbage check as well as the high cost spend in vehicle fuel. In this study, the portable capacity is in the form of the capacity of dirt, water, ultrasonic sensors, and websites. This system can help the dustmen in monitoring the capacity of the waste, so they do not need to check all the one-to-one-garbage. The data collection techniques consisted of literature studies, a system of reading, tool-making stages, website-making steps, and system testing stages. The result of the test revealed that the system could functioned as expected. The system can perform measurements with an average error of 0.66% in 10 times trials. The SIM900 connection with Microcontroller and the internet was successfully done. The testing in the storage was filled and monitoring on the website page was based on the condition of the trash.
The design of automatic three phases load balancing for dynamic electrical installation
Authors: Sutaya I W , Ariawan K U , Nurhayata I G
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses the automatic design and simulation of The Three Phase Load Balancing in consumers’ three-phase electrical installations with a single-phase load. This approach solves many constraints of load imbalance, which is installed as a three-phase source for the consumers. The process of manually changing an electrical installation and adding new loads is very difficult. This load imbalance causes a one phase voltage source to be overloaded, while the other voltage sources are still not fully loaded. Implementing the automatic system makes the electrical installation dynamic, so that changing installation and adding new loads will be easier. The Automatic Three Phase Load Balancing comprises two types of control that integrate with each other, namely Central Controller and Unit Controller. The Central Controller is used as a data processor for overall loads. Several Unit Controllers are used as switches connection among phases in each load group. Based on the simulation results with MATLAB Simulink, this system can manage loads so that a balance is achieved in each phase. The more the number of load groups in an electrical installation, the better the load balance is obtained.
Architectures, frameworks, and applications in IoT-based smart environment: a review
Authors: Gitakarma M S , Priyambodo T K , Suyanto Y , Sumiharto R
Published: March 2021

We are in a time when a large number of electronic devices influence human interaction with the environment. The physical place where these various devices interact with each other to provide useful services for end-users gives birth to the concept of a Smart Environment. The interaction of the multiple devices that make up a smart environment produces a large amount of information or Big Data problems, so the insertion of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the environment is essential. IoT integration and cloud computing technology are needed as the impact of evolution on the next generation of smart environments. Trends in research related to IoT and Smart Environments are increasing rapidly beyond the trend of Smart City that first emerged. This paper reviewed current trends about smart environments, architectural concepts, frameworks, and applications of IoT-based Smart Environments.
IoT-Based portable modules for energy consumption monitoring in smart home system
Authors: Bayu J P , Aryanto K A A , Suweken G , Aryanto K Y E
Published: March 2021

Energy consumption has become one of the major problems in Indonesia. The use of recent technology is highly beneficial since various automation could be done even in simple devices. In this research, portable smart home modules based on the internet of things (IoT) technology to monitor the power consumption in household electrical devices were built. The module consisted of current sensors, voltage sensors, and IoT Wi-Fi Development Board. It communicated with the server, built using the Raspberry Pi, using the MQTT protocol. The server was equipped with web pages that allowed users to monitor the devices’ electrical power usage. Therefore, all of the connected modules could be monitored to provide information regarding an electric household device’s defect. The results had shown that the prototypes of the modules had been successfully built. It was shown that very slight differences were found between the system measurements compared to the manual one using the 60 seconds interval measurements. The power consumed by the module was very low, where the current sensor uses 0.125 Watt while the voltage sensor uses 0.001 Watt. The portable devices were developed in the shape of small boxes; therefore, it could be easy to move and install.
Comparison of the BM25 and rabinkarp algorithm for plagiarism detection
Authors: Wijaya I N S W , Seputra K A , Parwita W G S
Published: March 2021

Plagiarism occurs because of the easy distribution of data. Plagiarism detection of documents such as student assignments and final projects requires a long process, often overlooked. However, to avoid plagiarism, a document must be checked for the level of plagiarism. Plagiarism detection can be done online / offline with the plagiarism checker. However, checking documents with plagiarism checkers such as Turnitin, Dupli Checker, Copyleaks, PaperRater, Grammarly and others requires additional fees. Several studies have been conducted to detect plagiarism. BM25 and Rabin Karp are examples of the Plagiarism Checker method. BM25 is tfidf based, while Rabin Karp is Hashing based. Each method needs to know its performance to detect plagiarism. Based on these problems, a study on the comparison of plagiarism detection with the BM25 algorithm with Rabin-Karp will be conducted. The case study is to use the article in Indonesian. The application of the BM25 and Rabin Karp algorithms goes through the Pre-Processing stage which consists of case folding, cleaning, tokenizing, filtering, and stemming. In this study, Sastrawi stemmer was used in this study. The test was conducted on twenty articles in Indonesian. The test results that are seen are the performance in the form of execution time.
The development of an engaging demonstration video for making shredded chicken
Authors: Rinawati W , Ghassani P M , Anggraeni A A
Published: March 2021

The research aims at developing a learning video to make shredded chicken and testing its feasibility. This video demonstrates the steps of product making. This research can be categorized as research and development (R&D) with a 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The video was taken with multiple camera angles and completed with text annotation, picture, animation, music, and voice lay-over. The were collected through interviews and questionnaires for feasibility testing. The data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis. The stage of define was a needs analysis, while the design stage consisted of testing recipes, scriptwriting, selection of presenters, talents, dubber, and the video team and preparing tools and materials. The develop stage covered the process of shooting, recording, editing, and feasibility test by two material experts and a media expert. Meanwhile, the disseminate stage referred to the feasibility test among 30 students of State Vocational High School 1 Cangkringan, and the video dissemination was done through the YouTube channel. The feasibility test result based on the material experts was 90.96%, based on the media expert was 98.96%, and from the students was 85.35%, respectively. It means that this video is declared very suitable to be used as a learning medium.
Work system method as an e-learning design framework in private universities
Authors: Supriana C E
Published: March 2021

The development of information and communication technology, especially the internet provides opportunities to improve the ability of lecturers to deliver courses to students without being limited by distance and time. This can be done by utilizing e-learning which will accelerate the transfer of knowledge and skills. E-learning is distance education that utilizes various digital tools and platforms. These tools and platform are used to support interaction, lectures and delivery of instructions between lecturers and students. This study will discuss the use of work system methods and the use of e-learning technology in a business entity. The work system methods are used to design information systems. Meanwhile e-learning technology in a business entity serves lecturers and students, conduct lectures at private universities in increasing knowledge dissemination, educational affordability and the use of technology and information as its support. The result of this research is the works system method model which refers to the analysis of data from the internet accessibility survey of students, analysis of its components, the system development cycle, the revision of the vision, mission and resources in private universities and recommendations of opportunities for the development of higher quality e-learning implementation.
Development of e-learning content in educational program evaluation courses
Authors: Widiartini N K , Hadeli  , Darmini N P N
Published: March 2021

This study aimed at developing learning products that can be used to overcome some of the problems that exist in the Education Program Evaluation course at the Masters level education, namely creating content that can be applied or applied to the e-learning platform of the Ganesha University of Education, so that learning activities can be assisted by the use of technology, and to find out the feasibility of the content that has been created. The method used in this research was the ADDIE model method which consists of Analyze, Design, Development, Implemenation, and Evaluation. The type of data in this study was quantitative data or data presented in the form of numbers. The instrument used in data collection was a questionnaire in the form of a questionnaire. The percentage result of the evaluation of the content expert test of the learning material was 98.07% or stated “Very Good”. The results of the assessment by instructional media experts, e-learning learning content obtained a percentage of 93.05%. which when converted states that the learning content applied to e-learning media was “Very Good”. The results of the target test assessment stated that the e-learning learning content was “Very Good” with a percentage of 93.2%. Based on the results of this assessment, the e-learning learning content is declared suitable for use.
Developing the results of learning megibung for vocational education and culinary arts students
Authors: Sukerti N W , Marsiti C I R
Published: March 2021

This study aimed at developing teaching materials for the Megibung tradition and determining the feasibility of teaching materials that have been developed according to expert judgment and students at the Vocational Education and Culinary Arts Study Program, Faculty of Engineering and Vocational Studies, Undiksha. This research method applied Research and Development (R&D), begun with a preliminary study followed by a product development and assessment stage. The research subjects were determined using a purposive sampling technique consisting of two expert judgments and 34 students of the Vocational Education and Culinary Arts Study Program (PVSK). Data collection used documentation study techniques and questionnaires. The procedure of this research consisted of the process of preparing the Megibung tradition teaching materials through the following stages: (a) preliminary study, by conducting interviews with the head of the study program. Studied syllabus analysis and analyzed basic competencies in the preparation of teaching materials, (b) collecting learning resources and literature and subject matter to be compiled, (c) drafting the teaching material for the Megibung tradition, (d) limiting trial of the product, (e) widening product trials, (f) data processing and evaluation. The result of this study was the development of teaching materials for the Megibung tradition, namely materials developed from the 2019 curriculum and the syllabus of the Balinese Culinary Course. Teaching materials were developed starting from Balinese culinary material in general, the history of the Megibung tradition, the preparation of tools, ingredients, the spices and processing methods for Megibung dishes, the procedures for serving Megibung and the eating procedures in Megibung.
Study of the implementation of online learning models in vocational schools
Authors: Silvana T S , Ekohariadi  , Buditjahjanto I G P , Rijanto T , Munoto  , Nurlaela L
Published: March 2021

The development of education and technology can have a big influence on the quality of students and teachers in the development of the world. Models and media can increase effectiveness and creativity in the learning process. Especially, when discussing the learning process at Vocational High School (VHS) which requires a balance between practice and theory, interaction, and guidance needed by students. Increasing the value of student learning results and quality by utilizing online learning models in vocational high schools can be used as a reference for the successful implementation. The purpose of this study is to determine the application of online learning that is practiced from several perspectives, both in terms of students, teachers, or the media used. This research applied a literature review study by gathering information relevant to the topic and object of research. The analytical technique was carried out by describing the findings from various sources to answer the topic under study. The results showed the implementation of online learning models from the point of view of effectiveness, quality, ease of media, implementation and development, and effects of online learning. Thus, it can be concluded that online learning had a positive effect on the development of student learning.
An analysis of online learning media in promoting learners’ autonomy during covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Azhiimah A N , Rijanto T , Munoto  , Nurlaela L , Basuki I , Joko
Published: March 2021

Covid-19 pandemic has affected the educational sectors in many countries. Learning activities that are usually carried out directly or face-to-face, have turned into online learning. The purpose of this study was to analyze the selection of learning media to promote learners’ autonomy during Covid-19 pandemic. This present study employed literature research method. There are four steps of this method namely, designing the review, conducting the review, analysing the review, and writing the review. The research subject was a journal that has a relationship with the research title. Based on the results of the literature review that was carried out, it could be seen that the selection of learning media needs to be done so that it can adjust to the achieved objectives in order for an effective learning outcome. Thus, learners’ autonomy can increase.
Increasing student achievement motivation during online learning activities
Authors: Dwijuliani R , Rijanto T , Munoto  , Nurlaela L , Basuki I , Maspiyah
Published: March 2021

Learning motivation to engage students has been a challenge in building and learning. This study studied the effectiveness of learning using online media in improving student academic achievement and increasing student motivation in online learning. This type of research includes literature research as an information activity that is relevant to the topic used as the research object. The purpose of this study was to explain online learning in improving students’ academic achievement and facilitate them for all kinds of learning interactions. This research may be useful in supporting the idea that evaluation of online learning is important for students who have good learning motivation. In line with the findings obtained, this study provides operational advice on how to increase student interest and motivation in online learning activities namely a systematic review of the study of students’ motivational interest in online learning activities in the type of learning environment and how to increase student motivation in terms of the importance of students in increasing learning activities. In addition to that, study analytics to understand learners at a very subtle level is necessary to provide the most appropriate support for students.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence in the field of Health Care
Authors: Ragavi V , Santha Sheela A C , Narayanan Kannaiyan Geetha
Published: March 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) has potentially transformed health care to a very great extent. AI algorithms coupled with machine learning and deep learning algorithm together with high speed processors makes AI powerful. Research has shown that digitization will help health care professionals in making decisions and discoveries much faster than before. This paper discusses about the about how AI algorithm works? It also explore the impacts of artificial intelligence in the field of health care such as virtual medical assistant, automated image diagnosis, personal health companions, oncology, cardiology, radiology, AI powered chatbots.
Implementation of Swarm Intelligence Algorithms for Path Planning
Authors: Mathew Alex T , Paul Ajay , Rojan Akshay , Thomas Amith
Published: March 2021

The ability to navigate through an unknown terrain is an essential metric in evaluating the performance of multi-robot systems. With the use of swarm intelligence algorithms like Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), even robots with limited capability can perform this task. In this paper, we implement ACO and PSO to solve the path planning problem, and we also compare their efficiencies in different environments. This paper also implements a new hybrid algorithm that utilizes both ACO and PSO for more efficient path planning.
Estimation of Dynamic Characteristics of a Novel Non-Parallel Detachable-Jaw Robotic Gripper Using Finite Element Method
Authors: Bhelsaikar Aniket H , Roy Debanik , Atpadkar Viinod
Published: March 2021

Robotic grippers are increasingly aiming towards versatility to suit industrial applications of modern times. Detachable-type jaws of the robotic grippers do play a significant role in diverse end-uses in real-time. A novel contigutive robotic gripper was used in the present study for direct adhesion contact to meet the technical challenges of force-closure of the grasp. The crux of the design was realized through an iterative optimization so as to ensure mismatch of natural frequency of the gripper and the forcing frequency in order to avoid resonance condition. Natural frequencies and mode shapes of the prototype gripper system were studied in order to understand its dynamic behaviour. Two commercial Finite Element Analysis Software were used for the effective characterization of the real-time dynamics of the gripper system. The dynamic analysis and simulation were instrumental in manufacturing of the test-pieces and final prototype of our indigenous robotic gripper.
Real Time Implementation of Square Path Tracing by Autonomous Mobile Robot
Authors: Das Subhranil , Kumari Rashmi
Published: March 2021

Since last 30 years, autonomous mobile robot is one of the booming fields as well as in near future this field will be top research areas among various scientists and researchers since lot of recent technology have been changing frequently. In this paper, a small work has been executed by mobile robot for path tracing by using online robot simulator Robotsetup 1.0.13071. The simulation results have been displayed by tracing perfect square path by autonomous mobile robot which is advantageous to dense and cluttered environment by using this online simulator.
ECG Cardiac arrhythmias Classification using DWT, ICA and MLP Neural Networks
Authors: Ramkumar M. , Ganesh Babu C. , Vinoth Kumar K , Hepsiba D , Manjunathan A. , Sarath Kumar R.
Published: March 2021

Recognizing ECG cardiac arrhythmia automatically is an essential task for diagnosing the abnormalities of cardiac muscle. The proposal of few algorithms has been made for classifying the ECG cardiac arrhythmias, however the system of classification efficiency is determined on the basis of its prediction and diagnosis accuracy. Hence, in this study the proposal of an efficient system has been made for classifying the ECG cardiac arrhythmia as an expertise. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is being utilized for the preprocessing mechanism of ECG signal, Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is being utilized for dimensionality reduction and Feature Extraction process of ECG signal and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network is being utilized for performing the task of classification. As an outcome of classification, the results have been acquired on categorizing Normal Beats under the class of Non-Ectopic beat, Atrial Premature Beat under the class of Supra-Ventricular ectopic beat and Ventricular Escape beat under the class of Ventricular ectopic beat on the basis of standardization given by ANSI/AAMI EC57: 1998. For the acquisition of ECG signal, MIT-BIH physionet arrhythmia database is being utilized in this study added to that its being utilized for training process and testing process of the classifier on the basis of MLP-NN. The results obtained from the simulation has been inferred that the accuracy of classification of the proposed algorithm is 96.50% on utilizing 10 files inclusive of normal beats, Atrial Premature Beat and Ventricular Escape beat.
Fpga Based Multi-Robot Collision Avoidance System
Authors: Amritha S B , Krishna Bhavya , Ramesh Sujana , Vivek D C , Ammasai Gounden N
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a Multi-robot collision avoidance system suitable for FPGA implementation. The proposed scheme attempts a novel method of Reciprocal Collision Avoidance(RCA) along with Accelerating Velocity Obstacles(AVO). Parallel architecture is used for developing the collision analysis of robots with different targets. Each of these robots moves and reaches its target, avoiding collisions on its path. Simulations for the digital design hardware have been carried out in Vivado software and the robotic movements have been demonstrated using V-rep software. The proposed scheme would result in reduced cost and power dissipation while deploying in FPGAs. The details of the collision detection algorithm and the working of different modules used in the scheme along with test results are presented in the paper.
Heart Rate Measurement
Authors: Kansara Parth , Dhar Ritwik , Shah Riddhi , Mehta Devansh , Raut Purva
Published: March 2021

In recent studies on non-invasive techniques for heart rate measurements, various Computer Vision algorithms based on Ballistocardiography (BCG) have been employed. This method captures minimal head motions from facial videos, that result from the pumping of blood to the head through the carotid arteries, at each cardiac cycle. We move towards BCG because the conventional technique of Photoplethysmography (PPG) fails to yield accurate results from facial video in case of skin color variations. This paper proposes an improved system for accurately measuring the heart rate and heart rate variability to infer important information about the subject’s health. It incorporates functions from the Dlib toolkit, which provide robust face detection along with facial landmark tracking. Relevant data in terms of facial video and ground truth was acquired from 5 test subjects, in 3 states - sitting, standing and post exercise. The system exhibits promising results when validated using a wearable smart watch with inbuilt heart rate sensor.
Algorithmic teaching and collaborative problem solving: case of a physical chemistry discipline
Authors: Chrifi I , Tace E M , Radid M , Yazza Y
Published: March 2021

Based on an exploratory study carried out recently, and observations from several sessions of university teaching-learning in Morocco, we have found that the difficulties encountered by Moroccan teachers in scientific disciplines are mainly due to the problem of massification. This observation led us thereafter, to design a collaborative method of problem solving by algorithms, to bring more efficiency to teaching practices in graduate studies. Indeed, by forming a small groups of students, the teacher establishes an algorithm which he will follow during a whole activity, proposes to each group problems of variable complexity, then, he returns each time to the progress of this algorithm, in order to observe the progress of the work entrusted to the students groups. After integrating the method, observation grids and results from questionnaires, intended for an example of 70 students of the second year of Chemistry of Materials Science, at the Ben M’sik Faculty of Sciences in Casablanca, showed that the subjects are motivated by the method, and that the work within the group helped them to improve their learning. On the teacher’s side, the choice of method has positively influenced these practices, particularly for the management of time and space in his teaching.
Design and Realization of Monitoring and Alarm System for Intravenous Infusion
Authors: Huang Shuangcheng , Mei Erzhao
Published: March 2021

A real-time monitoring and alarm system for intravenous infusion in isolation wards is designed to reduce the number of contact between medical staff and patients during intravenous infusion. The system includes STM32L052K8 as lower computer to collect the speed and dosage of intravenous infusion, upper computer adopting LabVIEW to design the infusion monitoring interface and the communication via universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART). The experimental results show that the intravenous infusion monitoring system designed with STM32L052K8 and LabVIEW can realize real-time monitoring of drip, reduce the stay time of medical staff in isolation wards, and provide reference for hospital medical information.