bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MODIFIKASI TEPUNG PISANG KEPOK TERHADAP KADAR PATI RESISTEN DAN KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA
Authors: Syafii Firdaus , Fajriana Hasmar , Ma’rifatullah Fathur Rahman
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh proses modifikasi tepung pisang terhadap peningkatan kadar pati resisten tipe 3 dan karakteristik fisikokimia pati pisang. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 faktor, yaitu: kontrol, HA-AC1x, HA-AC1x-HMT, HA-AC3x, dan HA-AC3x-HMT. Parameter yang dianalisis  adalah kadar pati resisten, kadar gula pereduksi, kadar air, kadar total pati, dan kadar amilosa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat  pengaruh proses modifikasi tepung pisang terhadap kadar pati resisten (p=0,000). Kadar pati resisten tepung pisang mengalami peningkatan setelah dilakukan modifikasi dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Kadar pati resisten tertinggi dihasilkan dari modifikasi tepung pisang dengan perlakuan hidrolisis asam autoclaving-cooling 3 siklus dengan heat mositure treatment (HMT), yaitu sebesar 47,17%. Proses modifikasi juga berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia pati pisang, yaitu: kadar total pati, kadar amilosa, kadar gula peredukasi, dan kadar air. Tepung pisang dengan kadar pati resisten yang tinggi dapat dijadikan sebagai ingredient produk pangan sebagai pengganti tepung terigu yang berfungsi sebagai pangan fungsonal dan diversifikasi pangan.
UJI ORGANOLEPTIK WARNA DAN TEKSTUR TELUR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN DAUN JAMBU BIJI
Authors: Rokhayati Umbang Arif
Published: July 2023

Telur merupakan salah satu sumber protein hewani yan memiliki rasa lezat, mudah dicerna dan bergizi tinggi sehingga digemari banyak orang. Selain itu telur mudah diperoleh dan harganya terjangkau. Masyarakat Indonesia umumnya mencukupi kebutuhan protein dengan mengkonsumsi telur. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, Telur ayam ras, daun jambu biji, bawang merah, bawang putih, daun salam, serai, lengkuas, garam, Baskom, Panci, Cabinet Driyer, Kompor, blender, timbangan analitik, sarung tangan plastik dan LPG. Sedangkan sasaran kegiatan ini adalah warga masyarakat Desa Wongkaditi Timur. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian jenis eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pendekatan penelitian merupakan langkah – langkah dalam melaksanakan penelitian, dalam penelitian ingin diteliti pengaruh variable tertentu dalam kondisi yang dikontrol secara ketat. Teknik analisis ragam Anova dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor dengan 3 perlakuan yang dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali ulangan, bubuk daun jambu biji, bubuk daun jambu biji 45% , bubuk daun jambu biji 60%. Langkah-langka dalam penelitian ini yaitu, pembuatan bubuk jambu biji, sortasi, pencucian telur, perebusan, dan pendinginan. Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa setiap perlakuan memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap warna telur pindang. Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa setiap perlakuan memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tekstur telur pindang. Hasil uji lanjut duncan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan bubuk daun jambu biji 60% merupakan perlakuan yang terbaik karena memiliki nilai rata-rata tertinggi panelis di bandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan formulasi daun jambu biji berpengaruh nyata terhadap warna, dan tekstur dari telur rebus.
Teknik Penentuan Status Kesuburan Tanah Eksisting pada Calon Lahan Sawah Bukaan Baru di Sebagian Daerah Irigasi Bulango Ulu Provinsi Gorontalo
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin
Published: July 2023

In Gorontalo Province, the Bulango Ulu irrigation area (D.I.) has the ability to build new paddy fields, although this potential is unknown, as is the level of soil fertility. The purpose of this study is to identify the variety of soil chemical properties and the level of soil fertility in the area. Three steps make up the soil fertility status technique: collecting soil samples on-site using survey and land observation methods, analyzing soil samples in the lab while examining the variety of soil chemical properties, and calculating soil fertility status using the deskwork methods. With the use of ArcGIS version 10, the analysis's output a spatial map of the distribution of soil fertility status in D.I. Bulango Ulu in Gorontalo Province is provided. The findings indicated that D.I. Bulango Ulu, Gorontalo Province still has a poor diversity of soil chemical properties. The fertility of the local soil is likewise poor.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Garam dan Lama Fermentasi Terhadap Karakteristik Kimia dan Mutu Organoleptik Kimchi Labu Air (Lagenaria siceraria)
Authors: Barani Stefany Risky , Antuli Zainudin , Une Suryani
Published: July 2023

Labu air merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki banyak manfaat, tergolong murah dan mudah didapat, serta bermanfaat bagi kesehatan salah satunya membantu menurunkan kolesterol pada tubuh dan dapat mencegah diabetes dan kanker. Pemanfaatan labu air sebagai produk pangan masih sangat jarang dilakukan, karena labu air memiliki kelemahan dari segi rasa. Labu air dapat diperpanjang dengan berbagai pengolahan, salah satunya yaitu dibuat kimchi. Kimchi merupakan salah satu olahan diversifikasi pangan sekaligus meningkatkan nilai tambah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi garam dan lama fermentasi terhadap karakteristik kimia dan mutu organoleptik kimchi labu air. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 2 faktor dengan 3 kali ulangan, data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan General Linear Model (Unvariate) untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya pengaruh pada perlakuan, kemudian jika terdapat perbedaan antar perlakuan, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan dengan tingkat signifikasi α = 0,05. Hasil analisis BAL dengan konsentrasi garam 0% pada 2 dan 6 hari berkisar antara 7,5 x 102 – 1,2 x 103 Log CFU/mL, konsentrasi garam 2% pada 2 dan 6 hari berkisar antara 8,5 x 102 – 1,0 x 103 Log CFU/mL. Nilai vitamin C dengan konsentrasi garam 0% pada 2 dan 6 hari berkisar antara 2,82 – 4,81mg/100gr, konsentrasi garam 2% pada 2 dan 6 hari berkisar antara 1,66 – 3,45 mg/100gr dan nilai pH garam 0% pada 2 dan 6 hari berkisar antara 5,87 – 6,14, konsentrasi garam 2% pada 2 dan 6 hari berkisar antara 5,52– 5,72. Hasil organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa panelis menyukai kimchi labu air pada konsentrasi garam 4%.

 

Kata Kunci: Kimchi, Labu Air, Garam, Fermentasi
KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA DAN UJI SENSORI KUE KOLOMBENGI YANG DISUBTITUSI DENGAN TEPUNG SAGU SEBAGAI DIVERSIFIKASI PANGAN BUDAYA
Authors: Muslim Farhan , Liputo Siti Aisa , Bait Yoyanda
Published: July 2023

Kue kolombengi merupakan salah satu kue tradisional yang berasal dari Gorontalo. Kue Kolombengi termasuk jenis bolu, memiliki rasa yang mansi, walaupun tekstur luarnya agak keras, tapi dalamnya terasa lembut. Kue kolombengi berbahan dasar tepung terigu, dan pada penelitian ini tepung terigu disubtitsi dengan menggunakan tepung sagu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh subtitusi tepung terigu dan tepung sagu terhadap karakteristik fisik, kimia dan organoleptik kue kolombengi. Sifat fisik meliputi analisis tekstur, sedangkan sifat kimia meliputi uji kadar air, kadar abu, protein dan serat, serta dilakukan uji organoleptik terhadap kue kolombengi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah formulasi tepung terigu dan tepung sagu yang meliputi P0 (100 % : 0 %), P1 (75 % : 25 %), P2 (50 % : 50 %), dan P3 (25 % : 75 %).  Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengulangan sampel sebanyak 3 kali sebagai validasi dalam hasil penelitian. Data analisis dengan uji statistik Analisa Of Variance (ANOVA). Bila terjadi pengaruh nyata (p<0,05) pada setiap perlakuan, maka akan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukan P3 (25% tepung terigu : 75% tepung sagu) merupakan perlakuan yang menghasilkan komponen proksimat terbaik dan juga analisis tekstur serta parameter organoleptik yang disukai. Meliputi kadar air (17,64%), kadar abu (1,62%), kadar serat (1,15%) kadar protein (7,40%), dan analisis tekstur (kekerasan) (3.433,5 g/f), serta uji organoleptik dari segi warna (netral), aroma (netral), rasa (agak suka) dan tekstur (netral).

Kata kunci: Tepung sagu, kue kolombengi, kue tradisional
Karakteristik Mutu Abon Ikan Cakalang Dengan Variasi Penambahan Santan Kelapa
Authors: Dali Melanti , Mutsyahidan Arif Murtaqi Akhmad , Angelia Ika Okhtora
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi santan kelapa pada pembuatan abon ikan cakalang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pengujian organoleptik, kadar air, dan kadar abu. Hasil pengujian organoleptik dan kadar air yang terbaik ditunjukkan pada sampel A3. Hasil pengujian kadar abu yang tertinggi ditunjukkan pada sampel A2
El género como amenaza a la identidad local en contexto de crisis: representaciones discursivas “contra la ideología de género” en el poder legislativo de Salta (2020-2021)
Authors: Zurita Inés
Published: July 2023

El presente trabajo presenta una aproximación a las representaciones que se construyeron en los discursos legislativos que se oponen a los avances de las políticas de género de la provincia de Salta, entre los años 2020 y 2021. Para ello se aborda un corpus compuesto por fuentes de información documental proveniente de las versiones taquigráficas de las sesiones legislativas de Salta, donde se analizan discursos concretos y representativos de cuatro legisladores/as provinciales que son referentes y se manifiestan como parte del movimiento “contra la ideología de género”.

El proceso metodológico se configura dentro de un enfoque cualitativo e interpretativo que se apoya en las estrategias del análisis del discurso sociosemiótico, lo cual permite dar cuenta de las particularidades que adquiere el discurso político, dentro del poder legislativo, al momento de disputar representaciones que se articulan con los procesos identitarios provinciales, la historicidad de la impronta cultural local y el contexto general de pandemia de COVID-19, como parte de las condiciones de producción discursiva.
MENGUNGKAP RAHASIA AYAT-AYAT TASYBIH DALAM AL-QUR’AN JUZ 27
Authors: Rachim Asfa Kurnia , Nuruddien Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Al-Qur’an mempunyai keterkaitan yang nyata dengan uslub balaghoh diantaranya tasybih (perumpamaan). Setiap ayat Al-Qur’an yang di dalamnya terdapat unsur tasybih memliki rahasia dan pesan khusus di dalamnya. Permasalahannya adalah di era modern ini, keberadaan ayat-ayat tasybih cenderung dianggap sebagai ayat biasa bahkan remeh oleh umat Islam. Sehingga interpretasi sebuah ayat kurang tercapai dan tercermin dalam kehidupan seorang muslim. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dan mengungkap rahasia ayat-ayat tasybih secara mendalam yang terkandung dalam Al-Qur'an pada juz 27 dengan harapan menyingkap tirai kebenaran yang tersembunyi, meneguhkan hati bagi yang ragu, mengungkap rahasia di balik keindahan susunan kata, dan mengambil ibrah di dalamnya. Dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dan metode library research (kepustakaan) menujukkan rahasia yang terkandung di balik ayat-ayat tasybih pada juz 27. Pertama, berupa peringatan Allah kepada hamba-Nya bahwa siksa Allah itu benar adanya. yakni dalam Surah Adz-Dzariyat ayat 41-42, Al-Hadiid ayat 20, Al-Qamar ayat 20 dan 31. Kedua, anugerah/nikmat yang Allah karuniakan kepada orang-orang yang bertakwa di surga kelak sebagai balasan atas amal baik yang dilakukannya. yakni Surah At-Thur ayat 24, Ar-Rahman ayat 58, dan Al-Waqiah ayat 22-23. Ketiga, bukti kekuasaan Allah SWT yang digambarkan oleh ciptaan-ciptaan Nya. Keempat, seputar hari kiamat seperti situasi ketika hari kiamat, dan kondisi orang-orang yang tidak mempercayai akhirat ketika dibangkitkan kelak yakni Al-Qamar ayat 7 dan Ar-Rahman ayat 37.
Pengaruh Kemudahan Penggunaan, Keamanan Transaksi Dan Online Customer Review Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Dan Minat Untuk Membeli Sebagai Variable Intervening
Authors: Susetyo Bagas , Cahyadi Nur
Published: July 2023

Transformasi digital mengubah hampir dalam dimensi kehidupan sehari-hari. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, belanja online lebih diminati daripada belanja tradisional. Terlepas dari berbagai kemudahan yang ditawarkan oleh toko online, sebagian besar pelanggan harus mengevaluasi kredibilitas toko online atau penyedia e-commerce. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji model minat dan keputusan pembelian pelanggan pada belanja online. Model tersebut terdiri dari kemudahan penggunaan yang dirasakan, keamanan transaksi, ulasan pelanggan online, minat beli, dan keputusan pembelian. Objek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa di Kabupaten Gresik. Dengan proses accidental sampling menghasilkan 100 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kemudahan penggunaan berpengaruh langsung terhadap keputusan pembelian. Hasil lainnya menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kemudahan penggunaan juga berpengaruh secara tidak langsung terhadap keputusan pembelian melalui minat beli. Variabel lain secara empiris menunjukkan sebaliknya.
Historia taxonómica de Zephyranthes bifida (Neorhodophiala, Amaryllidaceae)
Authors: Goyenetche Juan Manuel , Scaramuzzino Rosa Lourdes , Arroyo-Leuenberger Silvia
Published: July 2023

Introducción y objetivos: Zephyranthes bifida (Amaryllidaceae) fue incluida recientemente como única especie polimórfica del subgénero Neorhodophiala. Su historia taxonómica no ha sido reseñada, pudiendo tratarse de un aporte valioso para dilucidar el posible complejo de especies que sugiere la gran variación morfológica observada en su amplio rango de distribución. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar la historia taxonómica de Z. bifida con la lista completa de sinónimos, junto con algunas observaciones morfológicas.
M&M: Se consultaron publicaciones originales, floras y bases de datos digitales. Se elaboró una tabla con la lista completa de sinónimos en la que se incluyó para cada uno, el nombre científico, año y referencia de la publicación, tipo de evento taxonómico y sus sinónimos. En el marco de estudios morfométricos realizados con individuos adultos de ocho poblaciones de la provincia de Buenos Aires, se encontraron ciertas medidas de caracteres que resultaron novedosas al compararlas con las descripciones de Z. bifida. 
Resultados y conclusiones: Se registraron 49 eventos taxonómicos. A partir del estudio realizado, se propone incluir dos sinónimos nuevos para Z. bifida y reconocer un nombre como ilegítimo, de modo que actualmente se asocia con 43 sinónimos legítimos, tres nombres ilegítimos y dos isónimos sin estatus nomenclatural. El seguimiento de ejemplares cultivados permitió observar que un mismo bulbo puede generar inflorescencias con los dos tipos de espata, descartándose la hipótesis de que esta variable morfológica podría corresponder a taxones diferentes.
Religious Thought in the Poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai.docx
Authors: Mahesar Asadullah
Published: July 2023

 This article explores the religious views of renowned poet, scholar, humanist and Sufi-poet of Sindh, Pakistan Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai, how he interpreted the religion through his poetry in a very conservative period of Kalhora Dynasty of Sindh. How he dealt with his Hindu friends regarding the religion and for what purpose he visited the sacred places of Hindus. Moreover, to analyse the religious aspects of the poet as well as his intentions and sacred practices of the Islam have been discussed in this study.
Two new species of Clystopsenella Kieffer from Belize and Peru (Hymenoptera: Scolebythidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S.
Published: July 2023

Two new species of the scolebythid wasp genus Clystopsenella Kieffer (Scolebythidae: Scolebythinae) are described and figured. Clystopsenella maya sp. n., is reported from Belize, representing the northernmost extant occurrence for the genus. Clystopsenella kampa
sp. n., is described from the southwestern Amazonian region of Madre de Dios, Peru, and intermingles traits of both C.pacifica Lepeco & Melo and C.longiventris Kieffer. A revised key is presented to the species of the genus.
The first records of the assassin bug Nagusta goedelii (kolenati) (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) in Switzerland
Authors: Loria Pierre , Gurcel Kevin , Lehmann-Graber Christina , Hollier John
Published: July 2023

The range expansion of the assassin bugNagusta goedelii (Kolenati, 1857) has brought this species to Switzerland. The first observations and first museum specimen from Switzerland are documented.
Locatives in Runyankore-Rukiga
Authors: Beermann Dorothee , Asiimwe Allen
Published: July 2023

The locative expressions in Runyankore-Rukiga consist of nouns that can refer to both places and spatial relations, whether they are inherent or derived. Instead of focusing solely on the morphological properties and presentation of locative words, our attention is directed towards locative phrases. These expressions resemble prepositional phrases in terms of their configuration since the locative particle appears before the noun as a separate word. Despite describing spaces rather than objects, these phrases function as nominal expressions and exhibit morpho-syntactic behaviour akin to noun phrases. To support this assertion, we examine Locative Inversion, arguments of negative verbs, and Alternate Locative Agreement patterns in detail. By utilizing type-semantic concepts alongside structural representations, we propose a revised version of the two-layered noun phrase approach initially proposed by Bresnan and Mchombo (1989).
Analisa Kadar Vitamin C dan Evaluasi Sediaan Tablet Effervescent Campuran Ekstrak Etanol Biji Jambu Biji merah Dan Biji Jambu Biji Putih (Psidium guajava L.)
Authors: Suprianto Suprianto
Published: July 2023

Tablet effervescent, tablet penghasil CO2 dari reaksi bahan penyusun tablet dengan pelarutnya. Jambubiji merah mengandung betakaroten vitamin C cukup tinggi, Jambu biji putih kaya vitamin, flavonoid, karotenoid, saponin, tanin, fenol, triterpen, minyak esensial, serat, dan asam lemak. Penelitian ditujukanpada perbandingan vitamin C ekstrak biji jambu biji merah dan putih (Psidium guavala. L). Evaluasi serbuk meliputi waktu alir, sudut diam, kompaktibilitas. Evauasi tablet meliputi organoleptis, waktu larut, keseragaman berat, kekerasan, friabilitas, pH, kadar vitamin C metode spektrofotometri UV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan uji waktu alir 11,31-16 gram/detik, sudut diam 33,02-34,92%; kompaktibilitas 7,59-16,9%; sediaan tablet effervescent berbentuk bulat, aroma coklat, warna coklat-coklat tua, rasa sedikit manis, waktu larut 33,79-89,53 detik; kekerasan 4-5,4 kg; friabilitas 0,04-0,9%; pH bersifat mendekati netral pada pH 5,83-6,39; kadar vitamin C biji jambu biji merah dan putih masing-masing 37,86 mg/g dan 42,32 mg/g. Ekstrak biji jambu biji merah dan putih dapat diformulasi menjadi tablet effervescent dan memiliki vitamin C 0,19 – 0,28 mg/g.
Coopetition Communication Model: A Game-Theoretic Perspective on Language Evolution and Machine Learning
Authors: Goldman Daniel S
Published: July 2023

The evolution of languages and the training of sophisticated machine learning models share an underlying dynamic rooted in a balance of cooperative and competitive forces, a concept we term \enquote{coopetition.} Within the realm of human communication, speakers and listeners play a game where they balance the competing objectives of efficient communication and clear comprehension. This Coopetition Communication Game offers a new lens through which we can understand the dynamics of language evolution, with each language representing a unique equilibrium state within this game.We extend this analogy to the training of AI models like GPTs, highlighting their participation in a similar game of balancing compression and decompression. Trained on a vast corpus of data, these models act as both speakers (compressing information to generate output) and listeners (decompressing input data), dynamically finding an equilibrium akin to that sought by human communicators. The insights from this Coopetition Communication Game framework present new perspectives on interpreting AI behaviors and guiding their future training and development.
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Publish or Perish sebagai Sumber Literasi Digital bagi Mahasiswa dalam Penulisan Karya Tulis Ilmiah
Authors: Khoirunnisa  , Fikri Abdul
Published: July 2023

This research departs from various problems students face when writing a scientific paper. This study aims to analyze the use of the Publish or Perish application in writing scientific papers. This research uses a qualitative approach based on library research (literature study). Data sources are collected from various sources of scientific literature, such as books, articles, and proceedings. This research concludes that using the Publish or Perish application in writing scientific papers is urgent. Through this application, collecting various sources of scientific literature related to the study becomes efficient and easy. This application allows all academics to find multiple kinds of research that have been carried out concisely and quickly so that the time previously used to search for data can be trimmed through this application. Therefore, socialization of the use of this application must be introduced as early as possible and carried out through seminars, workshops, discussions, and practicums.
Lactotransferrin is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: July 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer and lung cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray and multiplexed gene expression data (4, 5), comparing primary and brain metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the CNS. We found that lactotransferrin, encoded by LTF, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Multiplexed gene expression data (5) revealed conserved differential expression of LTF in CNS metastasis in patients with lung cancer. LTF mRNA was present at decreased quantities in metastasis to the brain in humans with breast cancer. Expression of LTF in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of LTF expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with cancer of the lung and breast.
Impact of socio-demographic factors and media consumption patterns on the ability to distinguish legitimate news from misinformation on COVID-19
Authors: Philippe Olivier , Buslón Nataly , Puig Oriol , Saby Diego , Rementeria María José , Salaverría Ramón
Published: July 2023

This research study deepens the existing theory on information disorders by pro-viding, through an experimental methodology, new empirical evidence on the dy-namics of spreading health-related hoaxes and false content in the context of theCOVID-19 pandemic. Based on a diversified sample of digital news users in Spain(n=1,063), the study investigates the ability to distinguish legitimate news frommisinformation on 20 online publications about COVID-19. First, the study analy-ses the socio-demographic profiles of participants as education, age, gender, religion,ideology, technological knowledge and their ability to detect misinformation from le-gitimate news. Second, the characteristics of the news are analysed concerning thedifferent elements constitutive of the news and the importance on subjects to decideon the veracity of the piece of news. Multilevel logistic regression models were fittedon the socio-demographic profiles of participants. The individual factors, education,religion, age and technological literacy were found to be important predictors forcorrecting identifying the type of news, while the gender and ideology were inconclu-sive in both models. When looking at the message level, the headline, the previouslyread information and the presence of sources are the most important aspects for thesubject to inform their decision.
Formal Theories of Special Interest Influence
Authors: Schnakenberg Keith , Turner Ian R
Published: July 2023

The impact of money on politics---whether through campaign finance, lobbying, or independent expenditure---raises key normative questions about democratic representation and accountability. In recent years there has been a deluge of new data allowing researchers to study money in politics from new and exciting perspectives. As a complement to this trend there has also been a resurgence of interest in developing formal models to provide new theoretical insights that can help us understand how, why, and when money influences politics and policy. We review several major themes in this literature, focusing specifically on exchange-based models, informational models, and subsidy-based models. We compare and contrast the key contributions, and limitations, of each approach for understanding the role of lobbying and campaign finance in politics. We also discuss future avenues for research that incorporate aspects of each approach, which, we believe, will introduce new theoretical insights for understanding special interest influence.
ChatGPT's Capabilities in Spotting and Analyzing Writing Errors Experienced by EFL Learners
Authors: Algaraady Jeehaan , Mahyoob Mohammad
Published: July 2023

The recent Large Language Models (LLMs) use advanced algorithms to identify areas where sentence structure and word choice can be improved and to detect grammar, syntax, and spelling mistakes in sentences. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) in detecting English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' writing errors compared to human instructors. This study examines the ChatGPT as a recent and advanced LLM in analyzing and processing EFL learners' writing issues. This paper provides valuable insights into the potential benefits and challenges of integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into EFL writing education. Our results revealed that ChatGPT successfully identified most surface-level errors but could not detect writing errors related to deep structure and pragmatics. Conversely, human teachers could spot most of these issues. These findings suggest that while ChatGPT can be a valuable tool in identifying surface-level errors, it cannot replace human instructors' expertise and nuanced understanding in detecting errors related to the more complex aspects of writing. The writing error types (data) are statistically analyzed. The descriptive analysis displays valuable insights into the reliability of the data and its potential implications, where the F-score, which measures the statistical model accuracy, is found to be 1.5. In the meantime, the p-value score, which shows the probability of obtaining results as extreme as the detected data, is calculated to be 0.23. The results suggest that the collected data is statistically significant, and further analysis may yield valuable insights.
To Preprint or Not to Preprint: A Global Researcher Survey
Authors: Ni Rong , Waltman Ludo
Published: July 2023

Open science is receiving widespread attention globally, and preprinting offers an important way to implement open science practices in scholarly publishing. To develop a systematic understanding of researchers’ adoption of and attitudes toward preprinting, we conducted a survey of authors of research papers published in 2021 and early 2022. Our survey results show that the US and Europe lead the way in the adoption of preprinting. US and European respondents reported a higher familiarity with and a stronger commitment to preprinting than their colleagues elsewhere in the world. The adoption of preprinting is much stronger in physics and astronomy as well as mathematics and computer science than in other research areas. Respondents identified free accessibility of preprints and acceleration of research communication as the most important benefits of preprinting. Low reliability and credibility of preprints, sharing results before peer review and premature media coverage are the most significant concerns about preprinting, emphasized in particular by respondents in the life and health sciences. According to respondents, the most crucial strategies to encourage preprinting are integrating preprinting into journal submission workflows and providing recognition for posting preprints.
Landscape of Fear: Indirect effects of conflict can account for large-scale population declines in non-state societies
Authors: Kondor Daniel , Bennett James S , Gronenborn Detlef , Turchin Peter
Published: July 2023

The impact of inter-group conflict on population dynamics has long been debated, especially for prehistoric and non-state societies. In this work, we consider that beyond direct battle casualties, conflicts can also create a “landscape of fear” in which many non-combatants near theaters of conflict abandon their homes and migrate away. This process causes population decline in the abandoned regions and increased stress on local resources in better protected areas that are targeted by refugees. By applying analytical and computational modeling, we demonstrate that these indirect effects of conflict are sufficient to produce substantial, long-term population boom-and-bust patterns in non-state societies, such as the case of Mid-Holocene Europe. We also demonstrate that greater availability of defensible locations, by acting to protect and maintain the supply of combatants, increases the permanence of the landscape of fear and the likelihood of endemic warfare.
Citizen Scholar Chapter 5: Peer Review, Unleashed
Authors: Cohen Philip N.
Published: July 2023

Chapter 5 of the book, Citizen Scholar, published by Columbia University Press in 2025, circulated now for comment and criticism. In this chapter I argue that the participation of citizen scholars in the daily public discourse about science and research represents the contemporary embodiment of the principles of scientific peer review. Rather than undermining the staid standards of peer review, that incisive social media post on a newly published paper takes peer review to a new and necessary level. We can use the weight of our skills and knowledge, and our scholarly reputations, to help everyone assess and employ the flow of research.
Strategies for Learning the English Language as Reported by Advanced Language Learners
Authors: Rana Neha
Published: July 2023

The goal of this study is to identify the LLSs that successful English language learners are employing to achieve their academic goals. Twenty interpreter students from a Korean graduate school of interpreting and translating took part in the research. Unstructured essay writing was used as a data collection approach on LLSs because it allowed participants to candidly disclose the methods, study routines, and study abroad experiences that contributed to their advanced English proficiency. The reason for this is because free-form essay writing is more accessible to the participants. Several hypotheses and findings regarding the use of different pedagogical approaches were derived from the analysis of the qualitative data. The studies consistently reaffirmed the importance of an organised approach to language learning and regular monitoring of progress, as we emphasized efficacy of metacognitive and cognitive methods like reading aloud and text analysis. A number of other speakers emphasised the significance of paying undivided attention to the linguistic input being received throughout language-learning exercises. The success of learning a foreign language may depend on the learner's autonomy, which manifests itself in self-regulated learning activities, according to the testimony of advanced English language learners in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) environment. These comments are from EFL students who are learning English as a second language. We look into what this and other findings mean for classroom practise when teaching English as a second language using a strategy-based approach.
DETERMINING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF THE RIVER SECTION IN RELATIVE TERMS
Authors: Khelidze Grigol , Bulia Teimuraz , Pipia Bachana
Published: July 2023

Electricity production in Georgia heavily relies on the hydropower sector, making it crucial to develop and advance in this area to attain energy independence. Thus, this article presents an opinion on the potential of utilizing Georgia's hydropower resources. The article provides a quantitative criterion for determining the energy efficiency of the river section in relative terms, namely: following the corresponding river fall per unit, length of the river section, and the related water consumption per unit capacity. Accordingly, we will provide a practical example of evaluating a river section's energy efficiency using the mentioned criteria.
Â¿QuÃ© infraestructuras abiertas?
Authors: Aguillo Isidro F.
Published: July 2023

Ante las peticiones de reforma de los procesos de evaluaciÃ³n cientÃ­fica en el marco del desarrollo de la llamada Open Science, se propone la creaciÃ³n de una o varias plataformas abiertas especÃ­ficamente diseÃ±adas para tal fin. Se realiza una breve evaluaciÃ³n crÃ­tica de algunos de los servicios actualmente utilizados o disponibles y se concluye que, aunque proporcionan contenidos importantes que pueden ser reutilizados, por si solos no son adecuados para una evaluaciÃ³n rigurosa, fidedigna y transparente. Algunas caracterÃ­sticas que dicha nueva herramienta debe cumplir son descritas y comentada su viabilidad.
ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE FOR THE FORMATION OF BACKFILL MASS IN MAN-MADE VOIDS
Authors:   Dnipro University of Technology, Petlovanyi M. , Sai K. ,   Dnipro University of Technology, Borysovska O. ,   Dnipro University of Technology, Khorolskyi A. ,   Branch for Physics of Mining Processes of the Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics named by N. Poljakov of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: July 2023

Purpose. The objective of this study is to examine and compile a list of the most common types of backfill materials based on the analysis of successful backfilling practices in the development of technogenic cavities in mineral deposits in Ukraine. Methodology. The study employed theoretical analysis, information systematization, and data synthesis related to the research problem. It investigated the characteristics of different backfilling methods and the experience of using backfill materials in various countries where backfilling practices have been implemented. The study relied on data from government statistics, waste disposal sites, regional environmental reports, and the environmental passport of a leading region in industrial waste accumulation. Results. The study determined that insufficient attention has been given to the analysis and study of various types of industrial waste and their potential utilization as backfill materials for filling technogenic cavities in Ukraine. The main advantages and disadvantages of existing backfilling methods commonly used in mining practice have been analyzed. Among these methods, solidifying backfilling was found to be the most promising in terms of geotechnical stability and reliability of the artificial mass. Based on the analysis of successful backfilling practices, a priority list of the most common types of backfill materials has been made. Additionally, the study examined the volumes of waste accumulation and occupied areas for different types of backfill materials using a leading region as an example. Scientific novelty. The study has identified the most practical and characteristic types of natural and technogenic backfill materials that can be considered for the development of backfilling practices for technogenic cavities in Ukraine. Practical significance. The study of natural and technogenic waste materials, their accumulation parameters, and characteristics is an important step towards the development of effective backfilling practices for technogenic cavities and subsequent restoration of disturbed territories.
DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOSOCIAL RISKS MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE AT INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Institute of Public Administration and Scientific Research in Civil Protection, Borodina N. , Cheberiachko S. ,   Dnipro University of Technology, Deriuhin O. ,   Dnipro University of Technology, Aleksieiev A. ,   Dnipro University of Technology
Published: July 2023

Purpose. Development of the process of managing psychosocial risks in the conditions of an industrial enterprise based on the ISO 45003:2021 standard in the occupational health and safety management system. Methodology. Using a systematic approach, which is a form of superimposition of the theory of cognition and dialectics, to study the processes taking place in the management systems of occupational safety and health of employees, a method for assessing psychosocial risk has been developed, which includes three main stages: preparation (selection, clarification of questionnaires letters that take into account the specifics of a specific organization), collection of information on the relationship between work and mental health and analysis of data on psychosocial risks and well-being. Research results. The "Bowtie" method for assessing psychosocial risks has been improved, which differs from the known one by taking into account the set of interconnected elements that represent the output (measures to reduce the severity of the consequences and improve the health of the employee), input (dangers) and related with the internal and external environment (dangerous psychosocial factors that increase the probability of the occurrence of a dangerous event - experiencing stress), feedback (employee's state of health). The proposed method of managing psychosocial risks, which involves eight main steps: researching the external and internal environment, drawing up a questionnaire to determine the influential dangerous psychosocial factors, conducting an assessment of psychosocial risks, clarifying assessments based on the level of individual health of employees, developing preventive measures to reduce the severity of the consequences and the recovery of workers' health, documenting the risk assessment and verifying the level of risk after the introduction of preventive measures. An assessment of the psychosocial risks of the compressor plant operator has been carried out, thirteen stressors that affect the activity of workers have been identified, and the preventive measures to reduce the stress level have also been proposed. Scientific novelty. The relationship between stressful factors and the reaction of employees, taking into account individual characteristics, is shown, which is taken into account when assessing the level of stress in the fourth step to refine the evaluation indicators. Practical significance. A questionnaire which presents five groups of dangerous factors, namely: aspects of work organization, social factors, working environment, equipment, dangerous tasks with suggestions of specific factors inherent in the workflow, has been developed.
IMPROVEMENT OF METHODS OF KEEPING THE STABILITY OF PREPARATORY WORKS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE DEFORMATION PROPERTIES OF PROTECTIVE CONSTRUCTIONS
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, КAIUN О.
Published: July 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the deformation properties of protective constructions of preparatory workings to maintain their stability in the excavation areas of coal mines with steep coal seams. Methodology. To achieve this goal, laboratory and field studies of the deformation properties of protective constructions have been performed. Results. It has been established that under uniaxial compression, under the action of a statistical external force, which manifests itself in the conditions of uniaxial compression and relative deformation of wood chocks within 0.1<λ<0.2, their stiffness decreases, and then it increases at 0.4<λ<0.7, which creates conditions for ensuring the bearing capacity of protective constructions. Under field conditions, when using the method of protecting the slope drifts with wood chocks made of sleepers, after their deformation of more than 40% in the zone of influence of mining works (0<l<100 m), a gradual decrease in the increase in the displacement of side rocks on the contour occurs during the compaction process, due to which the operational condition of the preparatory workings along the length of the excavation section is ensured. To study the deformation characteristics of the protective constructions, we used the function of the incremental displacement of the side rocks on the contour of the workings at the section of 0<l<100 m behind the face. Scientific novelty. The regularities of deformation of protective constructions of preparatory mine workings under uniaxial compression with regard to changes in their stiffness have been established. Practical significance. When mining steep coal seams, using the peculiarities of geomechanical phenomena manifested in the coal massif, it is advisable to use compressible protective constructions of preparatory mine workings.
GEOMECHANICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF DEVELOPMENT OF THICK AND VERY THICK DEPOSITS OF RICH IRON ORE IN CONDITIONS OF SIGNIFICANT DEPTHS
Authors:   Branch for Physics of Mining Processes of the M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kosenko A. , Khorolskyi A. ,   Branch for Physics of Mining Processes of the M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Khomenko O. ,   Dnipro University of Technology, Kononenko M. ,   Dnipro University of Technology
Published: July 2023

Purpose. Improving the quality of the mined ore mass and reducing the operating costs for the extraction of minerals by taking into account the geomechanical state of the ore-rock massif. Methods. A complex method that includes analysis and generalization of previous studies, mine instrumental observations, numerical modeling by the finite element method, analytical studies and statistical data processing. Results. It has been established that the key factors influencing the choice of stable parameters of the structural elements of the stope panels of the stope blocks are: the parameters of the stress-strain state of the stope horizon, determined by the depth of mining, the thickness and dip of the ore deposit, the shape and size of the shear zone of host rocks; the procedure for working out stope panels according to the thickness and strike of the stope block; intensity of development of stocks of compensation spaces. At the same time, the stability of transport drifts and junctions with orts-arrivals depends on the length of their location before the contact of the host rocks of the lying side with the ore deposit, the thickness of the ore deposit and the geological macrostructure of the rocks of the sides, as well as the number of contacts of the stope panel with collapsed host rocks. The maximum possible stable parameters of exposures of compensation chambers, which are formed by explosive breaking of borehole charges, depending on the thickness of the ore deposit and the location of their center from the rocks of the hanging side, have been established. Scientific novelty. For the depth range of 1200–1500 m, the dependences of the stress distribution across the pull of the ore deposit on the horizon of mining have been obtained. Power-law dependences of the equivalent span width of the bottom of the stope panel, equivalent spans of stable horizontal and vertical outcrops on the location of the center of the stope panel along the thickness of the ore deposit on the host rocks of the hanging side have been established. Practical significance. The obtained dependencies allow choosing the most rational technological schemes for the mining of rich iron ore deposits, taking into account the stress-strain state of the ore-rock mass and the location of the stope panel according to the thickness of the deposit.
Disparities in Access and Use of PleurX Catheters for Treatment of Malignant Pleural Effusion: A Literature and Experience Based Review
Authors: Phansalkar Jay , Phansalkar Jay , Roth Jacquelyn , Shakir Huzaifa
Published: July 2023

It is not uncommon for patients with metastatic cancer to experience recurrent buildup of fluid in their pleural space. These malignant pleural effusions (MPE) are often experienced in late-stage illness with limited (<1 year) life expectancy and often present with shortness of breath, chest pain and discomfort, contributing to the morbidity of the patient’s illness. Tunneled indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs), including the PleurX by Beckton Dickinson (Franklin Lakes, NJ), are devices that are inserted on an outpatient basis that allow rapid and self-administered relief of symptomatic dyspnea, thereby offering an important palliative care option to patients with MPE. Current literature suggests these IPCs have enhanced efficacy compared with existing treatment options for MPE such as recurrent thoracentesis. However, the maintenance of these IPCs, including dressing changes and monitoring of fluid levels to avoid overuse or contamination, ideally requires the assistance from a family member or a home health aide. In this paper, we postulate whether the cost and maintenance demand of IPCs make them inaccessible to underserved communities, thereby contributing to the existing health disparities in health outcome by socioeconomic class. While there exists, no current literature looking at this issue specifically, existing literature does support a significantly lower utilization of health home aids in black, hispanic, and low-income populations. Our own experience at a level 1 trauma center in Newark, NJ, serving an at risk, underserved community, further suggests that the required visiting nurse and bottle replacement time and resource costs are prohibitive for this population. Given our experience and the limited literature, we believe additional research is warranted to establish plausibility of IPC use in lower socioeconomic strata.
DFT-Based Study of the Intramolecular Interactions of Some Aminoglycosides
Authors:   Karaganda University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Makhadiyeva Kamshat Sh. , Abulyaissova Lyazzat K. ,   Karaganda University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Kasymova Maral S. ,   Karaganda University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2023

The quantum chemical modeling and full geometry optimization of sisomicin and gentamicin were carried out by the correlation functional B3LYP using augmented with polarization functions for heavy atoms 6-311G(d) and Dunning’s correlation consistent cc-pVDZ basis sets. The effect of the basis set on the calculation results of molecular structure and quantum chemical descriptors of the titled compounds was studied. Special attention was paid to the intramolecular NH…N, OH…N, OH…O, NH…O hydrogen bonds in sisomicin and gentamicin. According to theoretical calculations, the distances between hydrogen and acceptor atoms are a bit longer than a typical length due to a significant deviation of the intramolecular H-bonds from a linearity. To evaluate the extent of electron density delocalization from the lone pairs of atoms into the antibonding neighboring orbitals and inside H-bonds within the systems, NBO (Natural Bond Orbital) analysis was used at two levels of theory. The most intensive interactions between electron donor and electron acceptor in the structures under consideration are determined and their delocalization energies are evaluated. Based on the obtained data, classical electrostatic nature of the weak H-bonds and conjugation effects stabilizing the molecules are suggested.