bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CARBON NANOTUBES MODIFIED ELISA SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR IMPROVED DETECTION OF BIOMARKERS
Authors: YILDIRIM TİRGİL Nimet , FEDAYİ Yasin , AÇIKGÖZ Zennure
Published: June 2023

This study developed and evaluated a nanomaterial-modified ELISA system to analyze a peptide biomarker (Human VEGF). Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as nanomaterial-based modifiers for the capture/detection antibodies and HRP enzyme. CNTs modifications of the ELISA method at these three different binding steps were tested and compared. The most efficient modification step was concluded depending on these works’ sensitivities, linearities, and repeatabilities. We proved that CNTs could be used successfully to enhance the performances compared to the traditional ELISA method by achieving higher sensitivities and, therefore, more confident results, especially with a 0.5 pg/ml of limit of detection value. In addition, the performances of different modification steps in the commercial serum sample and the stability of all these binding steps were evaluated, and compared with the traditional ELISA method.
MALARIA IN PREGNANCY AND ROLE OF REGULATORY T CELLS (CD4+CD25-IL10+) IN GHANAIAN MOTHERS
Authors: Luuse Arnold T. , Gyan Ben Adu , Kweku Margaret , Alidu Huseini , Ofori Michael F.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The T-cell subset (CD4+Tregs) play a significant
role in immunoregulation, by active suppression of the immune system,
through cell-to-cell contact and the secretion of IL10. The frequencies
of these cell subpopulations were investigated in the mother.
Methods: The study recruited 61 mothers out of this number, 31
mothers with plasmodium parasitized placentas and 30 mothers
without plasmodium infection. Placental malaria positivity was
determined by PCR and microscopy. Peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs)
were isolated from peripheral blood, cultured in the presence of VAR2CSA
antigen, and stained with antibodies (CD3, CD4, CD25, and IL-10), before
cytometry analysis. Results: The CD4+CD25+ T cell frequencies
were significantly higher in all the participants (p<0.0001),
and comparable across gravida. These cell populations were similar when
compared between primigravid and secumgravida mothers (p=0.77), and
between multigravida and secumgravida mothers (p=0.84). Primigravid
mothers with placental malaria had significantly higher frequencies of
CD4+CD25+ T cell population (p=0.04). The frequencies of CD4+IL10 were
significantly high in both primigravid and multigravid mothers who were
placental malaria positive (p=0.03) and (p=0.04) respectively.
Conclusion: Induced Tregs (CD4+IL10) cells could play a role in
placental malaria susceptibility due to an increase in their populations
in mothers with plasmodium-infected placentas.
Lyapunov-Based PID controller design for Buck converter with Real-time Implementation
Authors: khandan yasaman , Delshad Fatemeh , Jafari Hani , Mahdavipoor Ebrahim
Published: June 2023

This paper presents a Lyapunov-based model reference controller for Buck
converter operating under harmful disturbances. This strategy is an
advanced version of the tuning method utilising Lyapunov stability
function to reach a higher stability and a better disturbance rejection
behavior in the practical applications. In addition, to reduce the
computational burden and increase ease of implantation, Black-box
technique is considered assuming no accurate mathematical model for the
system. Lyapunov stability theory is used to enhance and tune the PID
gain of this method with an adaptive mechanism while taking into account
the real-time condition of a converter with regular changes. For this
gain-based controller, an adaptive mechanism based on the Lyapunov
concept is proposed, which can improve the stability and resilience of
the system under various disturbances, particularly noise. Moreover, a
Fuzzy-based PID controller and a PID technique with Particle swarm
Optimization (PSO) algorithm are designed and compared with the
presented Lyapunov-based technique. MATLAB\Simulink is
utilized to examine the results of this improved controller.
Additionally, this method produces better results in real-time contexts
with faster dynamics and better frequency adaptation.
Regional Disparities in the Uptake of Differentiated Influenza Vaccines
Authors: Mahmud Salaheddin , Pabla Gurpreet , Righolt Christiaan , Zhang Geng , Loiacono Matthew , Thommes Edward , Kabler Heidi , Chit Ayman
Published: June 2023

Significant racial/ethnic inequities in the uptake of differentiated
influenza vaccines (DIVs) have been previously reported, though less is
known about regional disparities. We conducted a retrospective
longitudinal study (2014/15-2017/18 influenza seasons) among privately
insured adults aged 65+ years in the US. The exposure was beneficiary’s
area of residence (US Census Bureau division) and outcome was type of
influenza vaccine: differentiated (High-Dose [HDV], adjuvanted,
recombinant, and cell-based) versus standard-dose egg-based. Among those
vaccinated in physician offices, beneficiaries in the East North Central
region were twice as likely to receive a DIV vs those in the South
Atlantic, whereas those in the East and West South Central were least
likely. Disparities became more pronounced in models adjusted for
individual and community characteristics, suggesting that crude uptake
estimates understate the true magnitude of disparities. Regional
disparities remained even in fully adjusted models, pointing to
currently poorly understood factors that may include quality of
healthcare, client health literacy and engagement, and other political
and cultural factors.
The stoichiometry of soil trace elements plays a critical role in regulating Camellia Oleifera nutrient accumulation and production
Authors: lu sheng , Yukun Lu , Zipei Luo , Qi Sun , Qin Deng , Wu Lichao , Jiayuan Liao , Yuan Jun
Published: June 2023

Understanding the accumulation rule of nutrients is crucial to promote
the production of Camellia Oleifera. The stoichiometry of soil
microelements is more critical than their content in affecting the
growth and yield of plants. However, research on C. Oleifera in
these aspects is limited. In this study, we examined microelement
content in soil and various parts of the C. oleifera plant and
analysed the relationship between the bioaccumulation, distribution, and
production of plant trace elements with the stoichiometry of soil trace
elements. Our findings indicated that high-yield plants transported more
Ca, Mg, and B to the shoot, while low-yield plants stored higher Fe, Zn,
and Al in the root. The significantly lower bioaccumulation factor and
translocation factor of B and Mg in the high-yield plants highlighted
the importance of nutrient storage in promoting C. Oleifera
yield. Multiple regression analysis and the Mantel test demonstrated
that plant yield and bioaccumulation and transportation of trace
elements were more closely correlated with the stoichiometry of trace
elements than their content. The significantly different stoichiometry
of trace elements in soil of different yields revealed that the
stoichiometry of trace elements was more sensitive and reliable in
reflecting the balance in soil nutrients of C. oleifera and
regulating its growth. This study provides a comprehensive understanding
of the balance in soil trace elements and their relationship with the
growth of C. oleifera and highlights the critical role of the
stoichiometry of soil trace elements in promoting high and stable
production of C. Oleifera.
Use, effectiveness and safety of isoniazid in the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection, what do we know?
Authors: Sodré-Alves Bárbara , Toledo Melina Mafra , Zimmermann Ivan R. , Araújo Wildo Navegantes de , TAVARES NOEMIA URRUTH LEÃO
Published: June 2023

Background The treatment strategy for latent tuberculosis (TB) infection
(LTBI) aims to promote a reduction in the number of cases that develop
into TB and, consequently, a reduction in the transmission of pathogenic
bacteria. Objectives The objective was to know the safety, effectiveness
and adherence of the use of INH in two pharmaceutical presentations
(300mg or 100mg tablet) reported in scientific studies. Methods A review
protocol was registered a priori with PROSPERO (number CRD42020176694).
The electronic databases Cochrane; PubMed; Embase; LILACS, Scopus, and
Web of Science were searched for studies on use of INH for LTBI. The
results and methods were presented in line with the PRISMA guidelines,
and the methodological quality of the included reviews was assessed
using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and
Cross-Sectional Studies. Results Most of the studies used isoniazid (H)
as a treatment for LTBI, with a duration of 9 months. There was
significant variation in the of use of isoniazid, ranging from 0.3% to
98.6% of the participants. A similar variation was found in the 52
studies that similarly presented the rate of adherence to treatment with
H, which ranged from 18% to 100% among study participants completing
INH treatment for LTBI. In studies, the adverse events reported most
frequent events reported were included hepatotoxicity, gastric
intolerance, and neuropathy, the rates of occurrence of these with
isoniazid, rang from < 1% to 48%. In the studies that
evaluated effectiveness of isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection,
a variation from 0 to 19.7% of people who did not have active TB after
the follow-up period was observed, with the highest rate among
HIV-positive individuals. Conclusion Our findings indicate that
isoniazid is being widely used in the world as a prophylactic treatment
for tuberculosis, rates of adherence to isoniazid were above 50%. It is
important to emphasize the importance of keeping the follow-up of the
person who uses isoniazid due to the risk of developing unwanted events
resulting from the drug. Even with treatment challenges, we identified
low rates of people who used isoniazid and developed active tuberculosis
during the period they were followed. We believe that isoniazid
continues to contribute to tuberculosis control in the world and better
care actions are needed.
Hybrid Fuzzy MCDM Model for Oil and Gas Well Selection: A Case Study of NIOC
Authors: Mohammadi Davood , Barak Sasan , Moghdani Reza
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to address the challenges faced in selecting the most
suitable oil and gas (OG) well alternative for stimulation operations to
improve production and recovery possibilities in hydrocarbon reservoirs.
To achieve this, a novel combination of multiple criteria
decision-making (MCDM) models has been proposed, and an illustrative
study has been carried out in Iranian hydrocarbon reservoirs. Fourteen
criteria based on engineering and managerial perspectives have been
identified, and the appropriate weights of these criteria have been
determined using a novel interval-valued spherical fuzzy (IVSF) entropy
method. Four fuzzy ranking algorithms have been established to select
the proper well, and the achieved results have been combined using the
Borda method. To evaluate the robustness of experimental results, a
sensitivity analysis has been implemented. The proposed method not only
enhances the accuracy of OG reservoir selection but also reduces the
risk associated with conventional economic predictions for carbonate
reservoirs by considering the influencing factors of the development
process. Overall, this paper offers an efficient and effective approach
for selecting the best OG well alternative in the National Iranian Oil
Company (NIOC), which can be valuable for both managerial and technical
perspectives in the oil and gas sector.
Critical Issues for Fiscal Reform in the People’s Republic of China Part 2: Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations and Debt Management
Authors: Qiao Baoyun , Fan Xiaoqin , Rahemtulla Hanif , van Rijn Hans , Li Lina
Published: June 2023

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has achieved remarkable progress in poverty reduction and economic growth—despite having had fiscal institutions that, initially, were not well aligned with its socioeconomic goals. Since 1980, however, a fiscal framework has gradually been developed that meets the economy’s basic requirements. Interestingly, while subnational government in the PRC now provides large public investments in physical and social infrastructure, revenues have remained largely centralized. Within this setting, this paper focuses on intergovernmental fiscal relations and on local government debt management.
Study on the drying characteristics of green pellets of ultrafine iron ore concentrate
Authors: Wen B.-L. , Zhang X.-P. , Liu D.-L. , Li J.-X. , Sun X.-D. , Yang J.-L.
Published: June 2023

Ultrafine iron ore concentrate pose challenges such as poor pellet formation performance, low-bursting temperature, and a complex drying thermal regime. To examine the drying characteristics of green pellets made from ultrafine iron ore concentrate, the Weibull distribution function and Dincer model were employed to fit and analyze the corresponding drying curve. The effects of drying temperature and air speed on the strength of dried pellets were also studied. The findings revealed that the drying process of green pellets of ultrafine iron ore concentrate involved three stages: ascending speed, constant speed, and descending speed. As the drying temperature and air speed increased, the drying time decreased. The coefficient of determination R2 for the fitted Weibull distribution function model ranged from 0.995 to 0.998, while the R2 value for the Dincer model ranged from 0.990 to 0.996. Both fitted models aligned with the experimental data and proved to be effective. According to the Bi values obtained through the Dincer model, raising the drying air speed in the initial stage and the drying air temperature in the subsequent stage of the drying system could efficiently remove moisture, reduce the risk of green pellet rupture, and maintain productivity. The moisture diffusion coefficient and convective mass transfer coefficient increased with rising temperature and air velocity, following the order of Deff > Dcal > D*eff as determined by the Weibull distribution function, Dincer model, and Fick?s second law. Additionally, the activation energy value of ultrafine iron ore concentrate for drying derived from the Arrhenius formula was 4515.60 J/(mol?K). Notably, increasing the drying temperature increased the strength of the dried particles due to their more compact and dense internal structure. This study offers theoretical support for simulating the drying of green ultrafine iron ore concentrate pellets and provides guidelines for selecting diverse drying conditions and designing drying equipment.
Fractal modification of Schrödinger equation and its fractal variational principle
Authors: Sun Jianshe
Published: June 2023

With the help of a new fractal derivative, a fractal model for variable
coefficients and highly non-linear Schr?dinger equations on a non-smooth
boundary are acquired. The variational principles of the fractal variable
coefficients and highly non-linear Schr?dinger equations are built
successfully by coupling fractal semi-inverse and He?s two-scale
transformation methods, which are helpful to reveal the symmetry, to
discover the conserved quantity, and the obtained variational principles
have widespread applications in numerical simulation.
Variational principle for an incompressible flow
Authors: Wu Yue , Feng Guang-Qing
Published: June 2023

This paper gives a general approach to the inverse problem of calculus of
variations. The 2-D Euler equations of incompressible flow are used as an
example to show how to derive a variational formulation. The paper begins
with ideal Laplace equation for its potential flow without vorticity, which
admits the Kelvin 1849 variational principle. The next step is to assume a
small vorticity to obtain an approximate variational formulation, which is
then amended by adding an additional unknown term for further determined,
this process leads to the well-known semi-inverse method. Lagrange crisis is
also introduced, and some methods to solve the crisis are discussed
A fractal-fractional model for complex fluid-flow with nanoparticles
Authors: Li Xuejuan
Published: June 2023

Nanoparticles play an important role in nanofluids to enhance thermal
conduction, and can be easily controlled by a magnetic force, so it can be
widely used in nano/micro devices. This paper gives two mathematical models
to describe the nanofluid flow, one is an approximate continuum model, in
which the homotopy matching is used to deal the discontinuity between the
fluid and nanoparticles, and the other is to use the conservation laws in a
fractal space. The models give new physical insight into the particle
fluid-flow.
Study on temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of urban non-point source pollution in Hohhot
Authors: Jia Pei-Qi , Zhou Hang , Zhang Peng , Zhang Jia , Zhang Chen-Qi , Zang Chen , Liu Yu-Qi , Xiang Ya-Jun , Bao Jun-Jiang , Mei Ying
Published: June 2023

The non-point source pollution is not easy to be controlled, and it is one of
the important environmental problems facing the world. Taking Hohhot, a
typical city in the arid semi-arid region in China, as an example, four
monitoring sites in the city were selected, water samples from six rainfall
events were collected, and pollutants such as heavy metals, ammonia, nitrate
nitrogen, phosphorus and suspended matter were examined, and the water
quality of the rain runoff was comprehensively evaluated by the principal
component analysis and the correlation analysis. The results showed that the
total phosphorus contents of monitoring points in the street were the
largest and those of monitoring points in gas stations were the smallest in
rainfall runoff. Arsenic, cobalt, and chromium were less than the Class I
standard for environmental quality standards for surface water according to
Chinese standard (GB 3838-2002). Concentrations of cadmium, copper, and
iron were greatest in street monitoring sites, while nickel, lead, and zinc
were greatest in roof monitoring sites, and manganese was greatest in car
park monitoring sites. There was minimal contamination at gas station
monitoring sites and the greatest contamination at street monitoring sites.
Heavy metals and phosphorus were the main contributing factors to pollution
at street monitoring sites, while the main contributing factors at gas
station monitoring sites were total suspended substances.
Does agricultural productive service promote agro-ecological efficiency? Evidence from China
Authors: Tang Wang , Zhou Faming , Peng Liulin , Xiao Min
Published: June 2023

Given the background of the rural population ageing, the reduced agricultural
non-point source pollution and the decreased agricultural carbon emission,
agricultural producer services, as an important bridge between small
farmers and modern agriculture, are an important path to ensure food
security and the green development of agriculture. Based on panel data of 31
provinces in China from 2003 to 2020, this paper uses Slack-based measure
model with undesirable outputs (SBM-undesirable model)to calculate the
agricultural ecological efficiency of 31 provinces. Furthermore, the
two-stage least squares, the panel threshold model and the spatial Durbin
model are used to empirically analyze the influence mechanism and the
spatial spillover effect of agricultural productive services on
agricultural ecological efficiency. The results show that agricultural
producer services have a significant non-linear impact on agricultural
ecological efficiency. Rural residents' income and per capita cultivated
land area can adjust the relationship between them. The two main ways for
agricultural productive services to improve agricultural ecological
efficiency are as follows: reducing undesirable outputs such as pesticides,
chemical fertilizers and plastic sheeting for agricultural use and improving
agricultural production efficiency. In addition, agricultural producer
services have a significant positive spatial spillover effect on
agricultural ecological efficiency, and the indirect impact elasticity of
spatial spillover is higher than the direct impact elasticity. Therefore, to
achieve food security and promote the sustainable development of
agriculture, it is necessary to vigorously develop agricultural productive
ser-vices through multiparty cooperation.
Magic ramie rope for the tug-of-war game
Authors: Liu Guo-Liang , Zhao Hong-Zhi , Liu Fu-Juan , Li Xiao-Xia , Hao Xi-Bo
Published: June 2023

The tug of war is a sport known for strength, however a weaker team can also
win the game by a suitable team co-operation. A mathematical model is
established, showing that the team co-operation or rhythmical frequency
plays an important role in victory. A team can win even the rope is pulled
to the opposite direction depending upon the rhythmical frequency. A
criterion for rhythmical frequency is obtain to guarantee victory when the
strength is almost same for both teams. Additionally the rope pulling can be
also used for moving a heavy weight object, the principle might be used for
building the great pyramids in ancient Egypt. Finally magic ramie ropes with
special thermoplastic properties and controllable frequency are discussed.
Variational principle for fractal high-order long water-wave equation
Authors: Sun Jianshe
Published: June 2023

In this article, we mainly consider a modification of the high-order long
water-wave equation with unsmooth boundaries by adopting a new fractal
derivative. Its fractal variational principles are successfully constructed
by the fractal semi-inverse method, the obtained principles are helpful to
study the symmetry, to discover the conserved quantity, and to have wide
applications in numerical simulation.
Study on temperature delay of non-metallic medical instruments in pressure steam sterilization
Authors: Zhan Meng , Yao Zhuoya , Peng Yixin , Li Manchun , Geng Junhui , Wang Junfeng , Ding Lina , Wang Meijie , Guan Ningxiao
Published: June 2023

This study explored the influence of non-metallic medical instruments in the
pressure steam sterilization process. An experiment was designed by using
an electronic dynamic monitoring device to record the temperature, time and
pressure of non-metallic medical instruments of different materials in the
process of pressure steam sterilization. The results show that the medical
instruments with wood or silica gel materials, especially those with lumen
structure, are prone to temperature delay, resulting in insufficient
sterilization time and greater safety risks.
Performance of R1234yf and R513A as alternatives to R134A in automotive air conditioning systems in winter
Authors: Meng Zhaofeng , Cui Xiangna , Liu Yin , Wang Shun , Du Chenyang , Hu Rusheng
Published: June 2023

In this paper, the feasibility of two low global warming potential
refrigerants R513A and R1234yf as alternatives to R134a was tested in an
automotive air conditioning system in winter. The test results showed that
the heating capacities of R513A and R1234yf were 2% and 4% lower than that
of R134a, and their COP were 3-9% and 6-19% lower than that of R134a,
respectively. It revealed that R513A can be used as a transition product to
replace R134a, and R1234yf required further improvements to improve the
energy efficiency.
He-Laplace method for time fractional burgers-type equations
Authors: Chen Bin , Chen Lei , Xia Zhong-Ze
Published: June 2023

The time fractional Burgers-type equations with He?s fractional derivative by
He-Laplace method. It is a numerical approach coupled the Laplace
transformation and HPM. The approximations to the initial value problem
with different fractional orders are given without any discretization and
complicated computation. Numerical results are provided to confirm its
efficiency.
Polyvinyl alcohol nanofibrous membrane by high-curvature solid-needle electrospinning: Numerical simulation and experimental verification
Authors: Xu Zhen-Zhen , Yang Qin-Qin , Gao Bing , Li Kai-Zhun , Guan Ming-Qiang , Zhao Jiang-Hui , Liu Zhi
Published: June 2023

Herein, polyvinyl alcohol nanofibrous membrane was fabricated firstly by the high-curvature solid-needle electrospinning. The influence of electrode curvature (needle angle), spinning voltage, solution concentration and collector distance on nanofiber morphology was systematically investigated numerically and experimentally. Numerical simulation shows that the electrical field increases with the increase of spinning voltage, while decreases with the increase of needle angle and collector distance. The experimental results are consistent with the numerical results. Furthermore, the solution concentration can be used to adjust the diameter of polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers. The possible applications of the nanofiber membrane to energy generation, water treatment, and separation are also discussed.
Statement 159 and the Intersection of Convergence, Reliability, and Comparability
Authors: Keyser John D.
Published: June 2023

In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement 159 to provide entities the discretion to select financial instruments to be measured at fair value in the balance sheet. Entities quickly identified an opportunity to exploit Statement 159’s transition provisions to transfer unrealized losses directly to stockholders’ equity, bypassing the income statement. This paper describes the events surrounding the issuance of Statement 159 and examines the reasons why the FASB issued a standard that had the potential to reduce financial statement comparability and provide a mechanism for earnings manipulation. The paper contributes to historical research in three areas: convergence of U.S. GAAP with IFRS, changes in accounting standards, and the FASB’s Conceptual Framework.
On the Asset-Liability, Revenue-Expense Tension in Financial Accounting
Authors: Lee Thomas A.
Published: June 2023

Recent comments on the FASB preference for the asset-liability focus in its conceptual framework motivate this historical perspective on the early accounting tension between it and the alternative revenue-expense focus. The commentary identifies and reviews significant pre-1980s studies indicative of focus preference and finds pre-FASB lack of consensus on the issue. The commentary concludes that this lack of consensus will continue in the absence of a coherent body of abstract knowledge that is capable of giving professional authority to mandated accounting standards.
Abstracts from the 20th Congress of the European Society for Dermatology and Psychiatry
Authors: Listed No authors
Published: June 2023

Abstracts from the 20th Congress of the European Society for Dermatology and Psychiatry
Beroligelse 2.0: Teori, praksis og rammevilkår i en ny tid
Authors: Stormoen Ole Martin
Published: June 2023

Konseptet beroligelse utgjør en del av «arvesølvet» i norsk sikkerhetspolitikk. Russlands siste invasjon av Ukraina har aktualisert debatten om den «klassiske» beroligelsen: de selvpålagte begrensningene på alliert militær aktivitet i Norge. I denne artikkelen forstås beroligelse som mer enn det å «slipe ned» den alliansebaserte avskrekkingen. Konseptuelt er det er derfor hensiktsmessig å skille mellom to typer beroligelse: passiv og aktiv. En konseptuell oppdatering vil være nyttig for å forstå beroligelsens ulike form(er), mulige effekt(er) og konseptets fortsatte relevans i Norges forhold til Russland – i en tid der den teknologiske utviklingen og markante geopolitiske endringer endrer rammevilkårene og forutsetningene som beroligelse er tuftet på. En mer spesifisert forståelse av konseptet inkluderer en bredere del av norsk utenrikspolitikk – både i teori og i praksis – og inkluderer en rekke samarbeids- og konfliktflater i det norsk-russiske forholdet som går ut over den «klassiske» beroligelsen. Denne artikkelen argumenterer ut fra premisset om at vi ikke vet om beroligelse virker etter hensikten. Beroligelse, et konsept som i utgangspunktet bygget på etterkrigstids-realismens verdenssyn og logikk, bør derfor også analyseres med andre teoretiske «linser» som kan gi bedre forståelse av effektene av de ulike formene for beroligelse i en verden med andre rammevilkår enn da Holst lanserte konseptet.
Abstract in EnglishNorwegian reassurance 2.0: Theory, practice, and changing structural dynamicsThe concept of ’beroligelse’ (reassurance) forms an integral part of Norwegian foreign and security policy. Russia’s latest invasion of Ukraine has re-ignited the debate on the relevance of ’classic’ Norwegian reassurance measures: the self-imposed limitations on Allied military activity in the northern parts of Norway. In this article, however, the concept is understood as far more than just the restrictions on alliance-based deterrence. Conceptually, it is therefore fruitful to distinguish between two types of reassurance: passive and active. A conceptual clarification will be useful for understanding the hypothesized effects of the different form(s) of reassurance and therefore for a discussion of the concept’s continued relevance for Norway’s relationship with Russia – at a time when technological advances and significant geopolitical changes challenge the structures and assumptions on which reassurance is founded. This article argues from the premise that we do not know whether reassurance works as intended. Reassurance, a concept that was initially built on the worldview and logic of post-war realism, should therefore also be scrutinized using theoretical ’lenses’ that can provide complimentary understandings of how the different forms of reassurance could work in a world that has gone through considerable changes since Holst coined the concept.
Role and Advancements in Geomechanical Challenges in Carbon Capture and Sequestration
Authors: T Biswas
Published: June 2023

Anthropogenic CO2 emissions rapidly increased during the post-industrial revolution causing global warming issues. In order to reduce the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere Carbon Capture and Sequestration will play a key transition role to transform into clean energy by utilizing the existing oil and gas infrastructure and subsurface data. The technology comes with certain challenges, amongst them, one of the real threats is the stored CO2 leakage back into the atmosphere and at shallower surfaces. This work talks about the understanding of geomechanical risks involved in the CCS process and probable ideas to mitigate the risks. CO2 injection leads to an increase in the pressure within the pores which eventually results in a change of stress and strain conditions within the reservoir. With a proper understanding of the reservoir and with a realistic field dataset a controlled injection can avoid a formation leading to geomechanical failures. Often field data are insufficient, in such a scenario this works talks about the preventive measures that can be adopted to avoid early mentioned calamity
Media Komik Digital Berbasis Problem Based Learning Muatan IPA (Ekosistem) Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Waisakanitri I Dewa Ayu Tria , Ganing Ni Nyoman , Wulandari I Gusti Agung Ayu
Published: June 2023

Kurangnya pemanfaatan media penunjang pembelajaran berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara yang sudah dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan media komik digital berbasis problem based learning pada muatan IPA (ekosistem) kelas V sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian pengembangan menggunakan model ADDIE terdiri dari analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi, serta evaluasi. Subjek uji pada penelitian pengembangan ini terdiri dari 1 ahli isi/materi pelajaran, 1 ahli desain pembelajaran, 1 ahli media pembelajaran, 3 orang siswa untuk uji coba perorangan, dan 9 orang siswa untuk uji coba kelompok kecil. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes dan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil uji ahli rancang bangun sebesar 90,9% (sangat baik), uji ahli isi/materi pelajaran sebesar 93,3% (sangat baik), uji ahli desain pembelajaran sebesar 90,9%, uji ahli media pembelajaran sebesar 90% (sangat baik), uji coba perorangan sebesar 95,83% (sangat baik), dan uji coba kelompok kecil 91,1% (sangat baik). Berdasarkan hasil uji-t diperoleh nilai thitung sama dengan 3,69, sedangkan ttabel dengan taraf signifikansi 5% diperoleh hasil sebesar 2,021. Hal ini berarti thitung lebih dari ttabel sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan media komik digital berbasis model problem based learning efektif diterapkan pada muatan IPA (ekosistem) kelas V.
Dampak Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dan Tingkat Kecemasan Siswa Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas V SD
Authors: Suryanti Ni Nyoman Budhi , Margunayasa I Gede , Diki
Published: June 2023

Kualitas pendidikan dalam bidang IPA di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah dan perlu ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dan tingkat kecemasan siswa terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 356 siswa. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 93 siswa yang ditentukan melalui teknik random sampling, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengundian kelas untuk menentukan kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Metode pengumpulan data dengan metode tes. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANAVA dua jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar IPA antara siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih tinggi daripada siswa yang mengikuti model konvensional (nilai FA=9,45 dengan signifikansi 0,003). Terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan tingkat kecemasan dalam pengaruhnya terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa (nilai FA*B sama dengan 41,56 dengan signifikansi 0,000. Hasil belajar IPA siswa yang memiliki tingkat kecemasan rendah lebih tinggi ketika mengikuti model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (Qhitung sama dengan 9,54 lebih dari Qtabel sama dengan 2,82). Hasil belajar IPA siswa yang memiliki tingkat kecemasan tinggi lebih tinggi ketika mengikuti model pembelajaran konvensional (Qhitung sama dengan 3,37 lebih dari Qtabel sama dengan 2,82). Simpulan penelitian menunjukkan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dan tingkat kecemasan siswa berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar IPA.
The influence of processing temperature on the mechanical properties of recycled PET fibers
Authors: Fauza Anna Niska , Qalbina Fitrah , Nurdin Hendri , Ambiyar Ambiyar , Refdinal Refdinal
Published: June 2023

Study towards the recycling of PET waste has arisen in the last decades. One of the most widely used methods was the mechanical recycling process due to its simplicity and low cost of production. In this research, PET waste obtained from the disposable water gallon containers was used to produce recycled PET fibers for textile applications. The PET fibers were prepared using the extrusion technique by varying the processing temperatures, i.e., 200, 210, 220, 230, and 240°C. The diameter, FTIR analysis, XRD analysis, and mechanical properties of the PET fibers at various processing temperatures were studied. The results showed that the optimum processing temperature for preparing recycled PET fibers was 210°C with a diameter of 0.23 mm, a degree of crystallinity of 8.9%, a tensile strength of 70.4 MPa, and an elongation at break of 83.6%. In conclusion, PET waste shows a promising application to be processed as recycled PET fibers for textile applications.
Foreword
Authors: M Shiyab Said
Published: June 2023

Translation and literary studies are two interconnected fields that explore the intricate relationship between languages, cultures, and literature. While translation focuses on the act of transferring a text from one language to another, literary studies delve into the analysis, interpretation, and appreciation of literary works. The interconnections between those two similar yet different areas lie in the fact they both complement one another or rely on each other, offering valuable insights into the complexities of language, culture, and literature. Together, they illuminate the transformative power of translation and the profound impact it has on our understanding and appreciation of literary traditions across languages and cultures.
Tinjauan Pustaka : Optimasi Metode Budidaya Spons Demospongiae dan Bakteri Simbionnya
Authors: Rozanah Aida , Larasati Ananda Oktafiani , Putri Rizky Indah Febrianingsih Suddin , Hadisaputri Yuni Elsa
Published: June 2023

Sumber Daya Alam berupa spons khususnya kelas Demospongiae memiliki jumlah yang banyak danberpotensi dalam mengembangkan berbagai bidang terutama bioteknologi. Maka dari itu, perludilakukan budidaya spons agar dapat mempertahankan keseimbangan alam dan ketersediaannya.Budidaya spons merupakan upaya memperbanyak spons dalam jumlah yang banyak dengan waktuyang relatif singkat. Diantara pertimbangan untuk menentukan optimasi metode adalah kedalamanserta substrat yang digunakan. Spons dapat bersimbiosis dengan bakteri. Simbiosis tersebut dapatmenghasilkan senyawa metabolit baru yang memiliki potensi aktivitas farmakologis khususnya dibidangfarmasi.
Artikel Ulasan: Bioaktivitas dan Kandungan Senyawa Kimia dari Tanaman Bunga Kupu-Kupu (Bauhinia purpurea Linn.)
Authors: Harda Adila Resca , Sumayyah Shofiah , Indradi Raden Bayu
Published: June 2023

Bauhinia purpurea L. atau dikenal sebagai tanaman bunga kupu-kupu banyak digunakan sebagaitanaman hijau di tepi jalan dan memiliki bioaktivitas yang berpotensi sebagai obat herbal. Review inibertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa kimia dan aktivitas farmakologi yang terdapat dalan Bauhiniapurpurea L. baik secara ilmiah (in vitro dan in vivo) maupun secara empiris. Metode yang digunakandalam review artikel ini adalah dengan pencarian literatur berupa jurnal ilmiah nasional maupuninternasional yang diakses dari situs Google Scholar. Sebanyak 17 artikel yang masuk kedalam kriteriainklusi, dan didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa Bauhinia purpurea L. banyak digunakan dalam pengobatantradisional karena peran berbagai macam senyawa kimia salah satunya flavonoid. Bauhinia purpurea L.memiliki aktivitas farmakologi sebagai antimikroba, antidiabetes, analgesik, anti radang, antiulcer, antikonvulsan dan lain-lain. Bauhinia purpurea L diharapkan dapat digunakan dalam sediaan herbal untukmenyembuhkan atau memperbaiki kesehatan.
Editorial Preface
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin
Published: June 2023

This issue (Vol. 17 issues 1) of Hunafa: Jurnal Studia Islamika offers eight articles covering topics of Islamic studies. Various issues relating to Islamic studies are interestingly presented to contribute to the body of knowledge and practices. Academia and practitioners in Islamic studies may gain insight from reading these articles.
Impact of non-fumigant nematicides on reproduction and pathogenicity of Meloidogyne enterolobii and disease severity in tobacco
Authors: Alam Md Shah , Khanal Churamani , Roberts Joseph , Rutter William
Published: June 2023

Meloidogyne enterolobii is a highly aggressive quarantine pathogen which threatens the multibillion-dollar tobacco industry and is not manageable with the currently available management methods in tobacco. There is currently no known host plant resistance in tobacco and previous studies have shown that the lower level of the currently recommended rate of non-fumigant nematicides does not provide satisfactory management of M. enterolobii. The current study was conducted with the hypothesis that M. enterolobii can be better managed using a single soil application of the maximum allowed rate of non-fumigant nematicides. Treatments involved three non-fumigant chemical nematicides (oxamyl, fluopyram, and fluensulfone), a biological nematicide derived from Burkholderia, and a non-treated control. Fluensulfone significantly suppressed the nematode reproduction relative to the control, the suppression being 71% for eggs and 86% for the second stage juveniles (J2). Fluopyram also suppressed nematode reproduction, although this was statistically insignificant, with the suppression being 26% and 37% for eggs and J2, respectively. Oxamyl significantly suppressed J2 (80%), but not eggs (50%) in relation to the control. The most significant reduction of disease severity was achieved by the application of fluensulfone (64%), followed by oxamyl (54%) and fluopyram (48%). Except for fluensulfone, which significantly reduced the root biomass, none of the nematicides significantly impacted root and shoot biomass. The biological nematicide did not significantly affect nematode reproduction, pathogenicity, or disease severity. The results from the current study suggest that while the non-fumigant nematicides provided a good level of the nematode suppression, more research is needed to improve the efficacy of non-fumigant nematicides through employing better application methods or finding better chemistries.
Comparison of noise-power spectrum and modulation-transfer function for CT images reconstructed with iterative and deep learning image reconstructions: An initial experience study
Authors: Setiawan Adiwasono M. B. , Anam Choirul , Hidayanto Eko , Sutanto Heri , Naufal Ariij , Dougherty Geoff
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) is a very recent image reconstruction method that is already available for commercial use. We evaluated the quality of DLIR images and compared it to the quality of images from the latest adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR-V) algorithm in terms of noise-power spectrum (NPS) and modulation-transfer function (MTF).

Methods

We scanned a Revolution QA phantom (GE Healthcare, USA) and a 20 cm water phantom (GE Healthcare, USA) with our 512 multi-slice computed tomography (CT) scanner. Images of the tungsten wire within the Revolution QA phantom were reconstructed with a 50 mm field of view (FOV). The images were reconstructed with various ASIR-V strengths (i.e. 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100%) and DLIRs (i.e. low, medium, and high) to assess the MTF. The images from the 20 cm water phantom were reconstructed with the same configuration to assess the NPS.

Results

The MTF was similar for both reconstruction algorithms of DLIR and ASiR-V. The peak frequency (fp) of the DLIR low was comparable to that from ASIR-V at 50, 60, 70%; the DLIR medium was comparable to ASIR-V at 80%; and the DLIR high was comparable to ASIR-V at 100%. The average frequency (fA) of the DLIR low was comparable to that from ASIR-V at 40%; the DLIR medium was comparable to ASIR-V at 50%; and the DLIR high was comparable to ASIR-V at 70%. Both the DLIR and ASIR-V were able to reduce noise, but they had a different texture.

Conclusions

The noise in the DLIR images was more homogenous at high and low frequencies, while in the ASIR-V images, the noise was more concentrated at high frequencies. The MTF was similar for both reconstruction algorithms. The DLIR method showed a better noise reduction than the ASIR-V reconstruction.
Evaluation of Residual Stress and Tensile Properties of Railway Axle Using Instrumented Indentation Method
Authors: Bartoněk Daniel , Négyesi Martin , Strnadel Bohumír
Published: June 2023

This paper deals with the characterization of residual stresses of the railway axle made of EA4T steel using the instrumented indentation technique (IIT). Additionally, tensile properties were also evaluated by using IIT. Moreover, the hole drilling method was carried out to measure the residual stress. Multiple comparison tests between conventional methods and IIT were carried out. The obtained results were also discussed against the literature data. Results of the residual stress assessed by IIT and the hole drilling follow the same trend and are in acceptable agreement. The tensile data obtained by IIT were as follows: YS ≥ 420 MPa and UTS ∈ ❬650-800❭MPa which is in satisfactory agreement with the results of standardized tensile tests.
A fast protein liquid chromatography method for purification of myoglobin from different species
Authors: SARKARATI Bahram , SÖYLEMEZ MİLLİ Nursel , EREN Omer
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study is to describe a fast method for the purification of high-purity myoglobin for Mass Spectroscopy analyses and to use it as standard-grade material. A three-step Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC) method was used to produce high-purity myoglobin. SEC 650 gel filtration followed by an Enrich Q anion exchange chromatography was used to produce myoglobin in acceptable purity for most research methods. A second filtration step was carried out by narrow field SEC 70 gel to prepare high-purity myoglobin at standard grade purity and capable of Mass Spectroscopy analyses. At least 90% pure myoglobin was obtained by applying two chromatography steps in the samples of three species, and over 99% pure myoglobin was obtained in standard material quality and suitable for mass spectroscopy when the additional narrow field SEC 70 chromatography step was applied. The proposed method provides higher purity compared to other methods and can be applied in a shorter time. FPLC columns significantly reduce the duration of the chromatography steps. At the same time, the use of solid extraction columns instead of dialysis reduced the long overnight dialysis process to a few minutes.
ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, COMPORTAMENTO SEDENTÁRIO E ABSENTEÍSMO DE PROFESSORES DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Morais Gleison Silva , Bedim Natiele Resende , Alves Karen Cristine Rodrigues , De Oliveira Cláudia Eliza Patrocínio , Moreira Osvaldo Costa
Published: June 2023

O absenteísmo é caracterizado pelo distanciamento do funcionário ao trabalho, se tratando de um fenômeno complexo e multifatorial. Devido ao número de afastamentos atribuídos em 2018, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre nível de atividade física (NAF), comportamento sedentário (CS) e absenteísmo de professores da educação básica do município de Divinópolis-MG. A amostra foi composta por 84 docentes de ambos os sexos, com idade média de 45,12±8,88 anos. Realizou-se a identificação do absenteísmo através de questionário sociodemográfico e para NAF e CS utilizou-se o International Physical Activity Questionnarie (IPAQ) - versão curta. O valor de alfa foi estabelecido em 5%. A análise de relação, dada pelo Qui-Quadrado, demonstrou que o não absenteísmo no ano de 2019 está relacionado com exercer cargo efetivo (p=0,030), lecionar no Ensino Fundamental I (p=0,041) e ser fisicamente ativo (p=0,003). Pode-se observar pela correlação de Spearman que o absenteísmo está correlacionado ao NAF (rho=-0,321; p=0,003) e ao cargo exercido (rho= 0,237; p=0,030). A Regressão de Poisson indicou que docentes com cargo temporário apresentaram 74% menos chances de ocorrência de absenteísmo quando comparados àqueles que exerciam cargo efetivo (p<0,001; Exp. β= 0,744; IC=0,655-0,844) e que professores irregularmente ativos demonstraram 123% mais chances de ocorrência de afastamento comparados aos fisicamente ativos (p=0,004; Exp. β= 1,234; IC=1,070-1,423). Conclui-se que docentes fisicamente ativos, que atuavam em cargos temporários no Ensino Fundamental I, comparados com professores do Ensino Infantil, possuíam menor probabilidade de absenteísmo, sugerindo que o NAF pode ser preditor do afastamento de professores da rede municipal.