bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MAGNETIC SPHINCTER AUGMENTATION DEVICE FOR GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE: EFFECTIVE, BUT POSTOPERATIVE DYSPHAGIA AND RISK OF EROSION SHOULD NOT BE UNDERESTIMATED. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Valinoti Agustin Cesar , Angeramo Cristian Agustin , Dreifuss Nicolas , Herbella Fernando Augusto Mardiros , Schlottmann Francisco
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Magnetic ring (MSA) implantation in the esophagus is an alternative surgical procedure to fundoplication for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. AIMS: The aim of this study was to analyse the effectiveness and safety of magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). METHODS: A systematic literature review of articles on MSA was performed using the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline) database between 2008 and 2021, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A random-effect model was used to generate a pooled proportion with 95% confidence interval (CI) across all studies. RESULTS: A total of 22 studies comprising 4,663 patients with MSA were analysed. Mean follow-up was 27.3 (7–108) months. The weighted pooled proportion of symptom improvement and patient satisfaction were 93% (95%CI 83–98%) and 85% (95%CI 78–90%), respectively. The mean DeMeester score (pre-MSA: 34.6 vs. post-MSA: 8.9, p=0.03) and GERD-HRQL score (pre-MSA: 25.8 vs. post-MSA: 4.4, p<0.0001) improved significantly after MSA. The proportion of patients taking proton pump inhibitor (PPIs) decreased from 92.8 to 12.4% (p<0.0001). The weighted pooled proportions of dysphagia, endoscopic dilatation and gas-related symptoms were 18, 13, and 3%, respectively. Esophageal erosion occurred in 1% of patients, but its risk significantly increased for every year of MSA use (odds ratio — OR 1.40, 95%CI 1.11–1.77, p=0.004). Device removal was needed in 4% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Although MSA is a very effective treatment modality for GERD, postoperative dysphagia is common and the risk of esophageal erosion increases over time. Further studies are needed to determine the long-term safety of MSA placement in patients with GERD.
Therapeutic itineraries in health care in Quilombola communities
Authors: Gomes Rafael Fernandes , Oliveira Pâmela Scarlatt Durães , Silva Maria Luiza Oliveira , Miranda Sérgio Vinícius Cardoso de , Sampaio Cristina Andrade
Published: March 2024

Abstract This article aimed to map therapeutic itineraries in health care within rural Quilombola communities in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This is a section of a qualitative research conducted in six visited communities. The data was collected through 18 individual interviews, analyzed using the theoretical-methodological framework of Therapeutic Itineraries, and organized into three empirical themes. The narratives allowed for understanding the paths taken in health care by the Quilombola population, identifying the components of the popular subsystem (natural resources, the use of teas and home remedies), the family subsystem (transmission of knowledge and cultural heritage of care), and the professional subsystem (hospital level, medical care, primary and specialized attention). The difficulties of access are not only due to geographical distances, but also broader aspects of social determination, such as institutional racism, low availability of services, the need for payment for transportation and medical procedures. In this sense, it is necessary to have an approach and interventions from public policies to address ethnic-racial, economic, and access inequalities in health care services.
Therapeutic itineraries of quilombola women in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Pâmela Scarlatt Durães , Miranda Sérgio Vinícius Cardoso de , Queiroz Patrícia de Sousa Fernandes , Santos Bruna Amorim , Rodrigues Neto João Felício , Sampaio Cristina Andrade
Published: March 2024

Abstract Quilombolas are ethnic-racial groups, of black ancestry, and had their territories consolidated in Brazil in regions with difficult access and far from large centers. The objective of this study is to know the therapeutic itinerary (IT) adopted by quilombola women in traditional communities located in the North of the state of Minas Gerais. This is a qualitative study with the theoretical model using the Arthur Kleinman health care system. The study scenario was 23 quilombola communities in northern Minas Gerais. Forty quilombola women aged between 25 and 89 years were interviewed. Data analysis was performed following the IT. Units of analysis emerged that were grouped into three categories: quilombola women and the meaning of health and care; the professional care system in quilombola communities; and route of care in situations experienced by women. The therapeutic itinerary of the communities is mainly related to the actions of popular medicine. It was also possible to observe that there are weaknesses in relation to health care due to factors such as difficulty of access to institutionalized services.
Itinerários terapêuticos para cuidados em saúde bucal de adultos quilombolas de um distrito rural da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Souto Ricardo de Almeida , Souzas Raquel , Silva Etna Kaliane Pereira da , Pereira Lucelia Luiz , Nery Joilda Silva
Published: March 2024

Resumo O estudo analisou os itinerários terapêuticos relacionados à saúde bucal de adultos quilombolas de um distrito rural de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, na qual foram realizadas dez entrevistas semiestruturadas com adultos quilombolas em maio de 2021, transcritas e analisadas por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciaram ausência e/ou precariedade na higiene bucal em alguma fase da vida, especialmente infância e adolescência; utilização de práticas populares para cuidado a saúde bucal e experiências de cuidado profissional marcados pela exodontia. A utilização de serviços de saúde foi relatada, em sua maioria, apenas no período anterior à pandemia de COVID-19, os entrevistados divergiram quanto à percepção de facilidade do acesso aos serviços de saúde em sua comunidade. Os relatos sobre a satisfação da saúde bucal destacaram a necessidade de uso ou substituição de próteses dentárias. À guisa de conclusão, entende-se que é necessária a promoção de saúde bucal de forma articulada com ações que possibilitem a prevenção de agravos, a reabilitação odontológica e a valorização do conhecimento e da visão de mundo da população quilombola.
Therapeutic itineraries of quilombola adults for oral health care in a rural district of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Souto Ricardo de Almeida , Souzas Raquel , Silva Etna Kaliane Pereira da , Pereira Lucelia Luiz , Nery Joilda Silva
Published: March 2024

Abstract This study examined the oral health-related therapeutic itineraries of quilombola adults in a rural district of Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. This qualitative study involved ten semi-structured interviews of adult members of the quilombola community, in May 2021, which were then transcribed and analysed using content analysis. The results showed little or poor oral hygiene at some stage of life, especially in childhood and adolescence, the use of popular oral health care practices, and experiences of professional care featuring tooth extraction. Use of health services was mostly reported only in the period prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Responses as to perceived ease of access to health services in the community varied. One common complaint as to satisfaction with oral health was the need to use or replace dental prostheses. This study concluded that oral health must be promoted jointly with disease prevention, dental rehabilitation and recognition for the knowledge and worldview of the quilombola population.
Years of Potential Life Lost due to COVID-19 according to race/color and gender in Brazil between 2020 and 2021
Authors: Silva Filho Aloisio Machado da , Araújo Edna Maria de , Souza Ionara Magalhães de , Luiz Olinda do Carmo , Máximo Giovanni , Queiroz Franciane de Azevedo , Cavalcante Lara , Nisida Vitor
Published: March 2024

Abstract Mortality caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted indicators of Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the YPLL due to mortality caused by COVID-19, according to sex, age group, and race/color in Brazil, from March 2020 to December 2021. Deaths caused by COVID-19 were characterized, in which the rates and ratios of standardized YPLL rates, the average number of years of potential life lost (ANYPLL), and the average age at death (AAD) were estimated and compared. Overall, 13,776,969.50 potential years of life were lost, which resulted in an average loss of 22.5 potential years not lived. A greater loss of potential years of life was identified in men (58.12%) and in the age groups from 0 to 59 years in the black (58.92%) and indigenous (63.35%) populations, while in the age groups of 60 years and over, a greater loss of YPLL was observed in the white (45.89%) and yellow (53.22%) populations. Women recorded the highest ADD, with the exception of indigenous women. White men (1.63), brown men (1.59), and black men (1.61) had the highest rates when compared to white women. Although COVID-19 has a greater impact on the elderly, it was the black and indigenous populations under the age of 60 who had the greatest loss of potential years of life.
Dental caries in the permanent dentition and health-related quality of life among children and adolescents with sickle cell disease
Authors: Mendes Vera Lúcia Duarte da Costa , Risso Patrícia A. , Santos Marcia Pereira Alves dos
Published: March 2024

Abstract The aim was to associate living, health and oral health conditions with the quality of life (QL) of children and adolescents (CA) with sickle cell disease (SCD). Of the 120 eligible users of a public hematological service, 106 CA with SCD from 6 to 18 years of age, and their caregivers, answered semi-structured questions about socio-demographic, health and oral health conditions. For QL, we used the validated instrument PedsQLSCD™. The oral clinical examination occurred according to the guidelines of WHO and SB Brazil 2010. The majority of CA were non-white people (88%), mean age of 10.4 (±2.9) years, family income of up to two monthly minimum wages, for 03 to 05 members, with diagnosis of sickle cell anemia by neonatal screening, hospitalizations were due allergic crises, polypharmacy and dental caries (51%) were present. “About the Impact of My Pain” was the best-fit model for the QLSCD (adjusted R²=56%; AIC=28.67; p=0.04). Dental caries in permanent dentition worsened the QLSCD (OR=0.53; IC95%=0.35-0.78; p<0.05) and was associated with the type of school, car ownership, number of family members, of complications and of the medications. To overcome this scenario, programmatic actions are required, and implementation of public policies specifically directed towards these groups.
“Mesmo que a gente seja a mão que cuida”: médicas negras e racismo estrutural no contexto da atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Silva Letícia Batista , Campos Daniel de Souza , Araújo Marcos Vinícius Ribeiro de , Reis Regimarina Soares
Published: March 2024

Resumo Trata-se de estudo sobre o racismo estrutural na formação e na ocupação de trabalhadoras e trabalhadores negros atuando na atenção primária à saúde (APS) no município do Rio de Janeiro, a partir da experiência de médicas negras. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, utilizando grupo focal, conduzido em novembro de 2022. Utilizou-se o interacionismo simbólico como referência para a interpretação relacionada às situações que compõem as experiências/vivências a partir do racismo. Os achados foram reunidos em dois eixos: manifestação do racismo estrutural e institucional no âmbito do SUS; e como o racismo atravessa os processos de trabalho em saúde e suas repercussões. Os resultados revelam uma continuidade das implicações do racismo desde a formação de médicas negras até o trabalho na APS, tornando-se um obstáculo na reorganização do processo de trabalho na perspectiva territorial de atenção à saúde. As participantes identificam o racismo institucional e estrutural na negligência da gestão, na violência do território e na vacância de médicos nas equipes desses territórios, limitando a oferta de um cuidado adequado. É necessário desvelar e aprofundar a compreensão do caráter estrutural do racismo da organização do trabalho em saúde, tendo como imagem-objetivo a saúde como direito.
Factors associated with homicides of women in Brazil, by race or colour, 2016-2020
Authors: Nery Mona Gizelle Dreger , Nery Felipe Souza Dreger , Pereira Sheila Regina dos Santos , Cavalcante Lara Aguiar , Gomes Beatriz Mota , Teles Ana Cláudia Oliveira , Luiz Olinda do Carmo , Araújo Edna Maria de
Published: March 2024

Abstract This ecological, time-trend study examined rates of homicide against women residing in Brazil, by state and race/colour, from 2016 to 2020, by performing. Multiple analysis by regression model on longitudinal data. During the study period, 20,405 homicides of women were recorded in Brazil. Standardised homicides rates were higher among black women (6.1/100,000) than among white women (3.4/100,000). From 2016 to 2020, rates decreased 25.2%, from 4.7 deaths per 100,000 women in 2016 to 3.5 in 2020, with a statistically significant downward trend among both black and white women. Statistically significant inverse relationships were found between female homicide rates and HDI, illiteracy rate and proportion of ill-defined causes. The average homicide rate decreased in 2019 and 2020, as compared with 2016. Despite the decreasing time trend in homicide rates for both black and white women, they differed substantially by race, with worse outcomes for black women.
Experiences and strategies of people with sickle cell disease in the Federal District: the biographical rupture
Authors: Costa Jéssica Luciano da , Montagner Maria Inez , Montagner Miguel Ângelo , Alves Sandra Mara Campos , Delduque Maria Célia
Published: March 2024

Abstract This is a study on sickle cell disease, a chronic illness that affects many Brazilians, that aims to understand and analyze how people address the adversities arising from the diagnosis and the biographical rupture. The description of people’s experiences and strategies conjures a picture that expresses the respondents’ habitus, built in a dialectical relationship with the vulnerability determined by the disease. We adopted a qualitative approach and focused interviews as proposed by Merton, combined with the snowball technique, applied to groups related to sickle cell disease on social networks. Seven participants were selected because they were privileged informants with the disease, were over eighteen, lived in the Federal District, and were non-exclusive users of the Unified Health System. The interview material was categorized from the focal groups employed. The results indicated the following categories: biographical rupture, experience and coping strategies, and healthcare. It is necessary to sensitize professionals and the population about the challenging living conditions of people with sickle cell disease and the consolidation of public policies and care networks to accommodate this population.
Racismo e insegurança alimentar: mazelas de uma comunidade quilombola da Amazônia legal brasileira
Authors: Câmara João Henrique Rabelo , Varga István Van Deursen , Frota Maria Tereza Borges Araújo , Silva Hilton Pereira da
Published: March 2024

Resumo Este estudo analisou a insegurança alimentar na comunidade quilombola Imbiral Cabeça-Branca, no Maranhão, durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Estudo transversal realizado no último trimestre de 2021, com 25 chefes de família da comunidade. A maioria dos participantes eram mulheres (52,0%), com baixa escolaridade, desempregados (68,0%), e 76,0% recebiam o Auxílio Emergencial federal. A densidade domiciliar média era de quatro pessoas, e as casas eram predominantemente de taipa, sem saneamento básico. A água consumida provinha de poços artesanais, e a maioria das casas tinha acesso à eletricidade. A insegurança alimentar foi identificada em todas as famílias, sendo 12,0% classificadas como Leve, 24,0% Moderada e 64,0% Grave. A forma Grave foi mais comum em lares chefiados por homens solteiros (75%), idosos, pessoas com baixa escolaridade (78,7%) e desempregados (64,7%). A insegurança alimentar na comunidade quilombola, assim como em outras comunidades similares no país, é resultado das condições precárias de vida, desemprego, privação de alimentos e falta de titulação de terras. Esses fatores também contribuem para a perpetuação do racismo institucional e ambiental enfrentado por essas comunidades.
Dificuldades no cuidado em saúde para as pessoas que fazem uso problemático de drogas: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Marchetti Silvana Proença , Badagnan Heloisa França , Dumaressq Leila , Tófoli Luís Fernando Farah de , Worcman Nicola de Campos
Published: March 2024

Resumo O estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as dificuldades para o cuidado em saúde de pessoas que fazem uso problemático de drogas, dentro do contexto dos serviços especializados em saúde mental nacionais e internacionais. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus e Embase, com os descritores: usuários de drogas; serviços de saúde mental; cuidado em saúde. Foram selecionados 18 estudos, sendo os critérios de inclusão: estudos primários, disponíveis na íntegra, publicados nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português, no período de janeiro de 2016 a janeiro de 2021. A partir da análise, identificou-se que as dificuldades para o cuidado de saúde de pessoas que fazem uso problemático de drogas estão ligadas às dimensões das políticas públicas em saúde, aos modelos de cuidados adotados e aos atores envolvidos, e que tais pontos se relacionam. Ressalta-se, ainda, a necessidade de formação específica, bem como a condução de novas pesquisas que abordem, com profundidade, a terapêutica do uso problemático de drogas e a produção de novas tecnologias de cuidado em saúde para essa população.
Plant growth regulators and mobilization of reserves in imbibition phases of yellow passion fruit
Authors: Manhone P. R. , Lopes J. C. , Alexandre R. S. , Lima P. A. M. , Lopes S. O. , Mengarda L. H. G. , Mello T.
Published: March 2024

Abstract The production of seedlings of the passion fruit tree, usually, is sexual, and the seeds are not uniform in the seedling emergence, and soaking treatments of seeds can provide faster and more uniform germination. It was aimed to study the action of plant growth regulators and the mobilization of reserves in the stages of soaking of yellow passion fruit seeds. The seeds were soaked for five hours in solutions containing plant growth regulators, in a completely randomized design, in a factorial 8 x 4, with four replications. The first factor corresponds to eight plant growth regulators: T1 - distilled water (control); T2 - 6-benzylaminepurine 500 mg L-1; T3 - 4-(3-indolyl) butyric acid 500 mg L-1; T4 - gibberellic acid 500 mg L-1; T5 - spermine 250 mg L-1; T6 - spermine 750 mg L-1; T7 - spermidine 750 mg L-1; T8 - spermidine 1250 mg L-1; and the second factor, to the four soaking times: zero, four, 72 and 120 hours, corresponding, respectively, to the dry seed, and to phases I, II, and III of the imbibition curve. It was evaluated the biochemical composition of seeds (lipids, soluble sugars and starch). The seeds showed accumulation of lipids in phase III; the content of soluble sugars increased in phase I and decreased in phase II. The starch content increased until the phase II and decreased in phase III. Starch is the main reserve in the seeds and the main source of energy used in phase III; soaking the seeds in polyamines generates an accumulation of lipids in the seeds and soaking in plant growth regulators increases the burning of starch.
Association of dietary patterns and body phenotypes in Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Rinaldi Ana Elisa Madalena , Conde Wolney Lisboa , Enes Carla Cristina
Published: March 2024

Abstract Objectives: to investigate the association between dietary patterns, physical activity, and body phenotypes in adolescents. Methods: this school-based cross-sectional study involved 1,022 adolescents aged ten to 19 years. Dietary patterns and body phenotypes were defined using a principal component analysis. Body phenotype was defined using anthropometry, body composition, biochemistry, sexual maturation, and dietary patterns from 19 food groups, using a food frequency questionnaire. The association between the dietary patterns and body phenotypes was assessed using a linear regression model. Results: five body phenotypes (BP1adiposity, BP2puberty, BP3biochemical, BP4muscular, BP5lipids_biochemical) and five dietary patterns (DP1ultraprocessed_foods, DP2fresh_foods, DP3bread_rice_beans, DP4culinary_preparations, DP5cakes_rice_beans) were identified. There were higher BP_adiposity scores for obese adolescents, but energy expenditure was similar for obese and non-obese adolescents. Physical activity was positively associated with BMI, BP_adiposity, and BP_puberty. We observed a negative association between DP_ultraprocessed_foods and BMI, and a positive association between DP_fresh_food. DP_fresh_foods was positively associated with BP_adiposity; DP_ultraprocessed_foods and DP_culinary_preparations were negatively associated with this phenotype. BP_biochemical was negatively associated with DP_fresh_foods. Conclusion: we identified a negative association between a dietary pattern composed mainly of ultra-processed foods, fresh foods, and BP_adiposity. These associations need to be better explored, especially in adolescents, as both dietary patterns and phenotypes were defined using multivariate analysis.
Black Rio: música, política e identidade negra
Authors: Domingues Petrônio , Medeiros Carlos Alberto
Published: March 2024

RESUMO O artigo examina aspectos do Black Rio: a explosão dos bailes de soul (música e dança), que aglutinavam milhares de jovens (mulheres e homens) negros no Rio de Janeiro na década de 1970. Além de abordar as controvérsias causadas pelo Black Rio na imprensa, assim como a perseguição que o movimento sofreu por parte dos órgãos de repressão da ditadura militar, o artigo demonstra como o Black Rio difundiu um discurso de afirmação da negritude conectado à rede transnacional da afrodiáspora, o que provocou um amplo debate público sobre as questões raciais no Brasil e contribuiu para o processo de ressignificação da identidade do afro-brasileiro.
Interdisciplinaridade da Ciência da Informação brasileira: intensidades e relações
Authors: Amaral Roniberto Morato do , Matias Mesailde Souza de Oliveira , Sarvo Denilson de Oliveira
Published: March 2024

Resumo A interdisciplinaridade está na gênese da Ciência da Informação como área do conhecimento, porém há controvérsias, e se faz necessário ampliar as investigações. O objetivo deste artigo foi investigar as relações interdisciplinares e suas intensidades na Ciência da Informação brasileira. Foi uma pesquisa exploratória, de natureza aplicada e com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra analisada compreendeu a produção científica registrada na Plataforma Lattes de 359 docentes atuantes em 26 Programas de Pós-Graduação stricto sensu em Ciência da Informação do Brasil, no período de 2013 a 2020, totalizando 1529 registros bibliográficos de artigos com estrato Qualis. Como técnicas de análise de informações foram utilizadas a bibliometria e o algoritmo Apriori, para a construção de Regras de Associação, com base nas áreas de atuação dos coautores. Os resultados alcançados compreendem um conjunto de indicadores: (1) evolução das práticas de coautoria; (2) distribuição das áreas de atuação autodeclaradas; (3) identificação do core interdisciplinar da Ciência da Informação, formado pelas áreas: Ciência da Computação, Educação, Administração, Comunicação e Museologia e; (4) principais temáticas investigadas pela Ciência da Informação, em suas práticas interdisciplinares. Conclui-se que a geração de Regras de Associação a partir das áreas de atuação e da produção científica, autodeclaradas na Plataforma Lattes, pelos docentes atuantes nos Programas de Pós-Graduação, contribui para a compreensão das complexidades e intensidades das relações interdisciplinares da Ciência da Informação brasileira.
FACTORES QUE DIFICULTAN LA OBTENCIÓN DE POSGRADO A LAS MUJERES ACADÉMICAS
Authors: Ortega Andrea Fuentes , Ortega Edith Fuentes , Ortega Elisa Fuentes
Published: March 2024

Resumen El estudio identifica las dificultades que enfrentan las académicas universitarias para obtener posgrados. De carácter cualitativo, la investigación recopiló experiencias de docentes que no tienen posgrado académico, realizando un muestreo teórico, con entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados del análisis señalan dificultades económicas para financiar un posgrado; la exigencia de especialización no docente, pues la academia no es su primera fuente laboral; la maternidad y la crianza que les significa mayor dedicación; y el tiempo escaso de que disponen. Se concluye que estas barreras podrían ser superadas con más apoyo a la carrera docente, ya que hasta ahora es calificada como un espacio enriquecedor profesionalmente, pero que tiene alta demanda de tiempo y escasa recompensa económica.
Occlusion development after premature loss of deciduous anterior teeth: preliminary results of a 24-month prospective cohort study
Authors: NADELMAN Patricia , VARGAS Eduardo Otero Amaral , MARAÑÓN-VÁSQUEZ Guido Artemio , VOLLÚ Ana Lúcia , PITHON Matheus Melo , CASTRO Amanda Cunha Regal de , MAIA Lucianne Cople
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate occlusion development after premature loss or extraction of deciduous anterior teeth, by means of a prospective cohort study. Methods: Fifteen infants and children aged 1 to 5 years old were longitudinally assessed (with loss or extraction of deciduous anterior teeth [n = 9], and without tooth losses [n = 6]). Photographs and dental casts at the baseline and after 24 months of follow-up were performed. Dental casts were scanned, and linear measurements were made on the digitalized models (missing tooth space, arch perimeter, arch length, arch width, intercanine length and intercanine width). The t-test was used for groups comparisons (α = 0.05). Results: Individuals’ mean age at baseline was 2.93 (± 1.18) years. No statistically significant differences were observed in the missing tooth space in the group with tooth loss during the 24 months of follow-up (p > 0.05). Arch perimeter, arch length, arch width, intercanine length and intercanine width did not show differences between the groups (p > 0.05). Qualitative photographic evaluation revealed other changes in the dental arches and occlusion, such as exfoliation and eruption of deciduous teeth, eruption of permanent teeth, self-correction or establishment of malocclusion, among others. Conclusion: The results suggest that the premature loss of deciduous anterior teeth does not affect the perimeter, length and width of the dental arches; however, other alterations that lead to malocclusion could be established.
Analysis of hydraulic parameters in determining the occurrence of cavitation in the spillways of the Furnas, Luiz Carlos Barreto de Carvalho and Batalha hydroelectric power plants
Authors: Abreu Aline Saupe , Novakoski Carolina Kuhn , Priebe Priscila dos Santos , Trierweiler Neto Edgar Fernando , Teixeira Eder Daniel , Marques Marcelo Giulian , Dai Prá Mauricio
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT The hydrodynamic conditions to which hydraulic structures such as spillways and stilling basins of dams are submitted under given conditions favor the occurrence of cavitation, damaging the concrete surfaces. This damage may be intensified by the cumulative effect of the successive hydrologic events that characterize the operational regime of these structures. Thus, the purpose of the present article is to identify the propensity for damage caused by cavitation by using SpillwayPro software to estimate the hydraulic parameters of flow (mean velocities and cavitation indices) based on information on smooth chute spillways at the Furnas, Luiz Carlos Barreto de Carvalho and Batalha hydroelectric power plants. The results shown were compared to the critical limits of cavitation defined in the literature on photographic records of inspections performed in the field. The highest mean velocities estimated coincided with the zones where the worst potential damage of the structures was identified. Nevertheless, most of the cavitation indices obtained did not present results similar to the limits presented by different authors, and thus do not favor the indication of cavitation risks due to this parameter in the spillways examined.
Erosivity index based on climatological norms from 1991 to 2020 for the state of Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Back Álvaro José , Souza Gabriel da Silva , Galatto Sérgio Luciano , Mazurana Michael
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Water erosion is one of the main cause of soil degradation and the pollution of water resources. The aim of the present study is to update and evaluate the seasonal variation of the erosivity index and the Modified Fournier Index as a tool to predict rain erosivity for the state of Rio Grande do Sul. A series of monthly average rainfall data was used from 112 rainfall stations based on the Climatological Norms of the period between 1991 and 2020. Based on 16 regression equations, the values of the Modified Fournier Index (MFI) and the EI30 index were estimated, assessing their spatial and seasonal variation. Results show a strong seasonal variation with greater erosivity in the months of April, October and December. The EI30 varied between 3500 and 12500 MJ, ha-1 h-1 year-1. A significant spatial variation could be observed, with an increase in values in the east-west direction.
Vivência e expectativas de doulas em região brasileira de fronteira
Authors: Luz Larissa Djanilda Parra da , Caldeira Sebastião , Maciel Elvira Maria Godinho de Seixas
Published: March 2024

RESUMO O estudo buscou compreender a vivência e as expectativas das doulas que atuam ou atuaram em dois municípios de região de fronteira: Foz do Iguaçu e Cascavel, Paraná, Brasil. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa pautada no referencial da Fenomenologia Social. A coleta das informações deu-se por entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado em língua portuguesa. As entrevistas foram feitas on-line. Os resultados foram classificados em seis categorias: motivação para tornar-se doula, conhecimento sobre o papel da doula, o cotidiano das doulas, abarcando as subcategorias de experiências exitosas e desafios da atividade na região de fronteira, a invisibilidade da doulagem, as expectativas enquanto doulas frente ao cenário obstétrico e o esperado da sua atuação profissional. O estudo permitiu compreender a vivência das doulas e o conhecimento do papel da sua função no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), no setor privado e em partos domiciliares, evidenciando a importância da atuação multiprofissional. Foram ponderadas resistências no cenário obstétrico por desconhecimento dos profissionais da assistência sobre o papel da doula. Em relação à atuação na região de fronteira, as doulas relataram o acompanhamento de mulheres paraguaias no Brasil e, com menos frequência, no Paraguai. As barreiras culturais e linguísticas foram destacadas como obstáculos para o exercício profissional em outro país.
Situated Learning Theory and communities of practice: subsidies for the social rehabilitation of people with stomas
Authors: Correa Júnior Antonio Jorge Silva , Santana Mary Elizabeth de , Teles André Aparecido da Silva , Prates Pedro Emílio Gomes , Sonobe Helena Megumi
Published: March 2024

The objective was to discuss situated learning trajectories for social rehabilitation in face-to-face and online Communities of Practice (CoP) for people with a stoma. A comprehensive narrative review was carried out with an open timeline, with a sample of 18 international articles. The interpretation culminated in the conceptual pillars of the healthcare CoP, starting from identities and trajectories towards central participation, legitimate peripherality and reification; educational transfer in face-to-face and online settings with artifacts; examples and dilemmas of implementing collaborative designs or arrangements for different types of illness and the urgency of an interprofessional evaluation of the trajectory; finally, knowing about the existence of ethical communities, subsidies were proposed for communities of practice targeted at people with a stoma in the Brazilian National Health System, aiming at social-care participation and rehabilitation.
Men as informal caregivers of dependent older adults in Brazil
Authors: Sousa Girliani Silva de , Minayo Maria Cecília de Souza , Silva Raimunda Magalhães da , Meneghel Stela Nazareth , Ceccon Roger Flores
Published: March 2024

The objective of study was to understand the motivations and implications of care given by men for dependent elderly family members. Qualitative research happened between July and December 2018 in six cities in the five Brazilian regions, interviewing 11 men who perform tasks as informal caregivers. The men assumed this task because the women’s exhaustion and sickness, added to affective and marital reciprocity. Their sons expressed discomfort in taking personal care of their parents, while the spouses had difficulties with domestic activities. Lonely caregivers were tired, in pain, sleep deprived, experiencing depressive symptoms and loneliness. Support provided by family members and formal caregivers proved to be valuable in alleviating the suffering of caregivers who were reluctant to ask for help. Health professionals are called to pay attention to informal care providers for family members.
Teaching-service-community integration: perspectives of the Local Management Committee of the TeachingHealth Public Action Organizational Contract
Authors: Negrini Lisamara Dias de Oliveira , Rossit Rosana Aparecida Salvador
Published: March 2024

To comprehend the evolution of education-service-community integration (ESCI) in the municipality of Bragança Paulista, SP, through the Teaching-Health Public Action Organizational Contract (Coapes), a case study was conducted. An intentional sample of ten members from the Local Management Committee participated in semi-structured interviews, conducted virtually, recorded, and transcribed in full. The narratives underwent thematic content analysis. The results indicated that the implementation of IESC and Coapes was successful. The sustainability and achievements in contractualization are related to strategies such as approaching, institutional dialogue, equal value, and transparency, resulting from technical discussions, understanding of the process, format selection, sensitization, and actor engagement. The combination of these elements, along with new projects and attitudes, points towards the consolidation of IESC in the territory, which presents challenges to be overcome.
EARLY STAGES OF COLORECTAL CANCER CHARACTERIZATION BY AUTOFLUORESCENCE 3D MICROSCOPY: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Authors: ERBES Luciana Ariadna , CASCO Víctor Hugo , ADUR Javier
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent pathologies worldwide whose prognosis is linked to early detection. Colonoscopy is the gold standard for screening, and diagnosis is usually made histologically from biopsies. Aiming to reduce the inspection and diagnostic time as well as the biopsies and resources involved, other techniques are being promoted to conduct accurate in vivo colonoscopy assessments. Optical biopsy aims to detect normal and neoplastic tissues analysing the autofluorescence spectrum based on the changes in the distribution and concentration of autofluorescent molecules caused by colorectal cancer. Therefore, the autofluorescence contribution analysed by image processing techniques could be an approach to a faster characterization of the target tissue. Objective: Quantify intensity parameters through digital processing of two data sets of three-dimensional widefield autofluorescence microscopy images, acquired by fresh colon tissue samples from a colorectal cancer murine model. Additionally, analyse the autofluorescence data to provide a characterization over a volume of approximately 50 µm of the colon mucosa for each image, at second (2nd), fourth (4th) and eighth (8th) weeks after colorectal cancer induction. Methods: Development of a colorectal cancer murine model using azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulphate induction, and data sets acquisition of Z-stack images by widefield autofluorescence microscopy, from control and colorectal cancer induced animals. Pre-processing steps of intensity value adjustments followed by quantification and characterization procedures using image processing workflow automation by Fiji’s macros, and statistical data analysis. Results: The effectiveness of the colorectal cancer induction model was corroborated by a histological assessment to correlate and validate the link between histological and autofluorescence changes. The image digital processing methodology proposed was then performed on the three-dimensional images from control mice and from the 2nd, 4th, and 8th weeks after colorectal cancer chemical induction, for each data set. Statistical analyses found significant differences in the mean, standard deviation, and minimum parameters between control samples and those of the 2nd week after induction with respect to the 4th week of the first experimental study. This suggests that the characteristics of colorectal cancer can be detected after the 2nd week post-induction. Conclusion: The use of autofluorescence still exhibits levels of variability that prevent greater systematization of the data obtained during the progression of colorectal cancer. However, these preliminary outcomes could be considered an approach to the three-dimensional characterization of the autofluorescence of colorectal tissue, describing the autofluorescence features of samples coming from dysplasia to colorectal cancer.
BODY FAT COMPOSITION IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN SKINFOLDS AND ULTRASONOGRAPHY
Authors: TUMA Isadora Sayuri Macedo , CAMBI Maria Paula Carlin , MORAES Thyago Proença de , MAGRO Daniéla Oliveira , KOTZE Paulo Gustavo
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are associated with important changes in nutritional status. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare body fat composition between two anthropometric methods: skinfolds and ultrasonography, in patients with IBD. Methods: Single-center cross-sectional study with IBD patients in remission or active disease. For the agreement analysis between the body fat assessment methods, the Bland Altman method was used. Results: A total of 101 patients with IBD were included, 75 with Crohn’s disease and 26 with ulcerative colitis. Approximately 56% of the patients with Crohn’s disease and 65.4% of those with ulcerative colitis had a body fat composition above normal levels, with no significant difference between the diseases (P=0.63). The Bland-Altman concordance analysis showed that the methods for assessing the percentage of fat by the adipometer and ultrasound were not in full agreement (P=0.001), despite both presented good correlation (CC 0.961; P=0.000). Conclusion: The analysis of body fat percentage in patients with IBD was different between the skinfolds and ultrasound. Both methods can be used to assess the of body fat percentage of patients with IBD. However, monitoring of body fat sequentially and longitudinally should always be performed using the same method throughout the disease course. Prospective longitudinal studies are warranted to precisely define the role of these two methods of measuring body composition in patients with IBD.
WARNING TO DELAY IN DIAGNOSING MICROSCOPIC COLITIS IN OLDER ADULTS. A SERIES OF CASES
Authors: KOTZE Lorete Maria da Silva , KOTZE Luiz Roberto , SOUZA Raquel Canzi Almada de , KOTZE Paulo Gustavo , NISIHARA Renato
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Background: Microscopic colitis (MC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease causing non-bloody diarrhea, and several cases are undiagnosed as a hidden cause of chronic diarrhea. Objective: We aimed to report the symptoms, delay diagnosis and the treatment of MC in a case series. Methods: All patients were treated at a Gastroenterology reference office from May 2022 to June 2023. Personal history including preexisting disorders, use of medications and smoking habits were collected. The delay between the onset of symptoms and the correct diagnosis was informed. All patients consented to use budesonide MMX (Corament®) off label. Results: During the study period, six Caucasoid patients were diagnosed with MC, five females and one male, between the ages of 65 and 74. All patients had comorbities and were taking multiple prescription drugs. Laboratory findings showed negative serology for celiac disease for all patients, normal levels of albumin and vitamin B12. The delay between the symptoms and the MC diagnosis varied from 2 months to 6 years. All patients had a previous diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome. All patients were in complete clinical remission during the treatment and referred no side effects of the drug. Conclusion: Older females using high-risk medications are suggestive of MC. Preventing delay in the diagnosis of MC is crucial to improvement in patients´ quality of life. Budesonide MMX appears to be effective, safe and well-tolerated.
Indirect homicide victims: impacts, support received, and coping strategies
Authors: Souza Edinilsa Ramos de , Poltronieri Bruno Costa , Bueno Rayana
Published: March 2024

Abstract Brazil has recorded a high percentage of homicides and deaths due to legal intervention. This article is part of a qualitative multiple case study about indirect victims who lost relatives to homicide perpetraded by security agents and police officers in Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected in four individual interviews with family members of people killed by police officers and three family members of police officers who were victims of homicide, and then subjected to thematic analysis. The testimonies revealed the major impacts of the loss of a family member on the indirect victim’s health, such as intense mental suffering and the negative impacts on human occupations such as work, leisure, health care, and sleep. Institutional support is limited in the face of the traumatic experience, whereas activist groups and entities tied to human rights advocacy are of great help in overcoming the pain of loss, especially for those who have lost their family members to the police. Further research is needed about the gaps between public facilities and policies and the needs of indirect victims.
Electroacupuncture Suppresses Oxidative Stress and Ferroptosis by Activating the mTOR/SREBP1 Pathway in Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lang Jiawang , Luo Jianchang , Wang Luodan , Xu Wenbin , Jia Jie , Zhao Zhipeng , Lang Boxu
Published: March 2024

Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to exert a neuroprotective effect in IS. However, its specific anti-IS mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. By constructing a rat IS (middle cerebral artery occlusion, or MCAO) model and performing EA treatment, neurological deficit score, brain water content, and cerebral infarction were evaluated. ELISA was used to measure the levels of oxidative stress-related molecules (MDA, SOD, GSH, and CAT). Ferroptosis-related proteins (GPX4, SLC7A11, TfR1, L-ferritin, and hepcidin), neurological damage-related proteins (GFAP, Iba-1, and Nestin), α7nAChR, and mTOR pathway-related proteins (mTOR, p-mTOR, and SREBP1) in the rat brain penumbra were assessed by western blotting. Following EA treatment, neurological deficit scores, brain water content, cerebral infarction area, and GFAP, Iba-1, and Nestin expression were reduced. Additionally, EA treatment decreased MDA and increased SOD, GSH, and CAT. Moreover, the rats showed elevated GPX4 and SLC7A11 and lowered TfR1, L-ferritin, and hepcidin. In contrast, a7nAChR, mTOR, p-mTOR, and SREBP1 expression were upregulated. EA treatment inhibited OS and ferroptosis to exert a neuroprotective effect in IS, which might be realized via the activation of mTOR/SREBP1 signaling.
EXTREME LEARNING MACHINES FOR VARIANCE-BASED GLOBAL SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
Authors: Darges John E. , Alexanderian Alen , Gremaud Pierre A.
Published: March 2024

Variance-based global sensitivity analysis (GSA) can provide a wealth of information when applied to complex models. A well-known Achilles' heel of this approach is its computational cost, which often renders it unfeasible in practice. An appealing alternative is to instead analyze the sensitivity of a surrogate model with the goal of lowering computational costs while maintaining sufficient accuracy. Should a surrogate be "simple" enough to be amenable to the analytical calculations of its Sobol' indices, the cost of GSA is essentially reduced to the construction of the surrogate.We propose a new class of sparse-weight extreme learning machines (ELMs), which, when considered as surrogates in the context of GSA, admit analytical formulas for their Sobol' indices and, unlike the standard ELMs, yield accurate approximations of these indices. The effectiveness of this approach is illustrated through both traditional benchmarks in the field and on a chemical reaction network.
MLA Guide to Undergraduate Research in Literature, 2nd Ed.
Authors: Brookbank Elizabeth , Christenberry H. Faye
Published: March 2024

What makes a good research topic in a literature class? What does your professor mean by “peer-reviewed” sources? What should you do if you can't find enough material? This approachable guide walks students through the process of research in literary studies, providing them with tools for responding successfully to course assignments.

Written by two experienced librarians, the guide introduces the resources available through college and university libraries and explains how to access the ones a student needs. It focuses on research in literature, identifying relevant databases and research guides and explaining different types of sources and the role each plays in researching and writing about a literary text. But it also contains helpful information for any student researcher, describing strategies for searching the web to find the most useful material and offering guidance on organizing research and documenting sources with MLA style.

Extensively updated and revised, the second edition emphasizes digital resources that can be accessed remotely, offers critical thinking strategies for evaluating sources, and includes more information on writing about audiovisual as well as written works.
Briefing: The future of goods movement: envisioning net zero logistics
Authors: Fagan John , Briggs Darren
Published: March 2024

In recent years, we have seen stark disruptions to global freight and logistics systems, from the Covid-19 pandemic to geopolitical conflict, shipping lanes being blocked by sideways ships, and natural disasters causing devastation in communities across the globe. On top of these challenges, the industry is grappling with the global transition to net zero emissions. It is clear that a fundamental shift in freight and goods movement is underway. What is not clear is what this will look like in practice. How can we, as engineers, make the infrastructure changes necessary to support this net zero transformation?