bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The budget development processes’ formalization for a construction project based on digital technologies
Authors: Zelentsov L B , Mayilyan L D , Shogenov M S
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the budgeting processes in the project estimates development (PSD) based on an intelligent control system (IMS). At the same time, at the pre-project stage, the project budget is formed according to the “top-down” scheme and at the stage of its implementation - according to the “bottom-up” scheme. The processes of linking project budgets with the budget of the project organization itself are carried out in the process of “exploding” the project into individual elements, and the management of the project development processes in the methodology under consideration is represented as a hierarchy of organizational and technological models (OTM) in the developed at DSTU IMS “Design”.
The transport construction investment project effectiveness assessment by Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Kazaku E V , Zvereva E V , Tsarionova Ju V
Published: September 2020

The study focuses on the effectiveness basis of the transport construction investment projects operating at three investment levels, taking into account risks using the Monte Carlo simulation method. The model on the example of a railway line has been developed. An assessment of the investments’ budgetary, social and commercial effectiveness based on the investment sources has been provided. A comprehensive criterion for substantiating the effectiveness of a project operating at three investment levels, taking risk into account, has been proposed. A risk profile has been built. The average value of the risk level using the Monte Carlo method has been estimated. An example of substantiating the effectiveness of an investment project taking into account the risk of building a railway line has been given.
Features of the capital construction pricing in Russia and abroad
Authors: Semernin Dmitry
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes the pricing process during the capital facilities construction in Russia and abroad. The main regulatory and methodological documents are highlighted. It has been established that the estimated norms and standards in the most developed countries of the world have a similar structure, but may differ in the degree of elaboration. It was noted that for the international cooperation development, the methodological base of the estimated calculations should be modernized today, while the cost of labor, technical and material resources should be determined depending on the place of their acquisition and in the currency of the supplier’s country.
Evaluation of the linear models’ use in the forecasting investment decisions in the construction sector of the Russian Federation
Authors: Geraskina I N , Egorova M S
Published: September 2020

A model of multiple linear regression is constructed using the data from the resulting indicators over the past 27 years with the imperative of forecasting the ICC trend and proving the impossibility of its use in predicting the results of innovative and investment decisions in the construction sector of the economy in the Russian Federation, since it does not take into account its following important properties: stochasticity, connections’ nonlinearity, systemic potential, high dynamism of the structure and the desire for the information distortion. The relevance of the regression-differential approach in modeling the investment and construction sector and the support of strategic decision-making is substantiated.
DSTU business center construction project management using energy-saving and information BIM technologies
Authors: Shvets Yu S , Vorontsova O V , Sheina S G
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the possible ways to implement the construction project of the DSTU business center within the framework of the DSTU development program as a “university of the future” using the energy-saving technologies and information modeling. The main goals and objectives of the project are outlined. The article presents the financial scheme of the project, as well as the ways of its successful implementation. The measures and technologies to improve the energy efficiency of the building at all life cycle stages are considered. The social and economic effects that can be obtained when creating a BIM model of a business center building at the operation stage and further use during the operation phase are given. The article contains an analysis of the financial costs associated with the operation phase of the building. The study presents the expected results from the project’s implementation, taking into account the energy-efficient and information technologies’ use.
Institutional conditions for the formation and implementation of the investment project aimed at developing the regional road network
Authors: Lykova O A
Published: September 2020

The subject of the study is the institutional conditions for the investment project’s formation and implementation; the aim of the study is to evaluate the investments effectiveness in the arrangement of the M-4 Don highway section. Various calculation methods help to formulate a comprehensive analysis of the regional road network’s institutional development using the quantitative and qualitative criteria. The construction and reconstruction of the capital construction object - the road will lead to the improved conditions for the implementation of transport links, lower accident rate and increased throughput, which will increase the speed on this section of the road and, as a result, reduce transportation costs.
Shopping facilities as a factor in polycentric urban development: problems and prospects
Authors: Rudskaya E N , Eremenko I A
Published: September 2020

The aim of the study is to develop the conceptual provisions and practical recommendations for the urban territory development on the principles of polycentricity using shopping centers as public and business spaces of attraction for the uniform distribution of transport load and more efficient performance of various urban functions.

Theoretical studies were carried out using the methods of analysis and synthesis of the existing scientific developments in the field of modern cities’ territorial and urban organization. According to the study results, the following issues have been obtained:

- the main provisions and results of the evolution studies of the cities’ poly centralization have been summarized;

- the need for the development of conceptual images and approaches to the modern municipal urban planning management based on polycentrism has been proved;

- the effectiveness of a polycentric urban space compared with monocentric urban space has been substantiated;

- the recommendations for improving the spatial organization of a large city based on the use of shopping centers as the multicentric urban model’s core have been given.
Construction enterprises’ marketing activities in the economic turbulence period
Authors: Khan R S , Surkov V V , Fedosenko A A , Olatalo O A
Published: September 2020

Construction is rightfully considered one of the most important sectors in any economic system. It takes an active part in building up the fixed assets, creating a diverse technological and social infrastructure, as well as providing the population with housing. At the same time, the specific features inherent in construction and the product it produces, such as, for example, territorial consolidation and a long service life, as well as excess of demand over the supply on the Russian housing market, allowed the construction companies to long consider marketing as an unnecessary, optional element of the market activities. However, the rapid growth observed in the field of housing construction over the past 20 years, increased the competition and increased the demands from the consumers, led to the fact that many construction companies were forced to reconsider their old attitude to marketing. Today, almost every organization in the housing market uses, to one degree or another, marketing tools, more often tactical, less often strategic. However, the ongoing changes in the Russian construction market, due primarily to economic stagnation and a decrease in the population solvency, actualize a greater active introduction of marketing tools in the construction companies’ practice, including against the backdrop of the economic activity increasing digitalization. A review of the problems and prospects in this area is one of the objectives of this article.
Prospects for the innovative technologies’ spread in construction and their impact on the urban environmental development
Authors: Baranova N V
Published: September 2020

This article shows the impact of innovation in the field of construction technology on the urban environment development. The issue of the prospects for the use of the innovative technologies’ specific types in construction is considered. The expert opinions’ analysis results on the need and possibility of applying innovations in construction are shown.
A model for assessing the strategic sustainability of business entities under the dysfunction factors’ influence
Authors: Alexeenko V V , Seredina N S , Kuzovleva I A
Published: September 2020

The fundamental basis for the multilevel socio-economic systems’ resources cross-functional integration in the Russian economy is the activation of their development potentials through the transformation processes. The transformation of the development potentials set into the final result is carried out through the use of appropriate technologies, innovations, information and ensures the achievement of economic growth parameters through the effective strategic decisions’ adoption. When coordinating the economic interests at the level of the functions’ implementation, the tasks and strategic management in the resources’ cross-functional integration process, an additional product is formed, the value of which depends on the efficiency of transforming the potential aggregate into the “new resources”, characteristic of the new technological structure economy. The article presents a comprehensive methodology for assessing the strategic sustainability of the business structures. On the example of the regional construction market and business units with a different structure of production costs, the changes in production volumes and sales resulting from dysfunctional changes in the economy are determined. And also, the transformation costs’ volume aimed at the transition of the system to a new resource state under various scenarios of the external environment development is calculated. Implementation of the proposed model for assessing the strategic sustainability of business structures in the management practice allows the most rational use of the main types of available resources under the dysfunction factors’ influence.
Methods for managing the construction organization’s competitiveness, the stability of their functioning and development in the conditions of Russian regions
Authors: Chutchenko S G , Subbotin A I , Shutova M N , Evtushenko S I
Published: September 2020

The article considers the issues of managing the competitiveness of Russian enterprises in the globalization process context and the current information environment. The Russian developments in the field of business process management (BPM) are analyzed. It has been established that the activity and development of regional construction organizations is described by a five-stage development cycle model (explerent - patient - violent – kommutant – letalent (cessation, destructuring)).

The main problems in this area are: the lack of clear concepts for the competitiveness management regional features’ diagnosis; lack of a methodology for assessing the resources’ state of crisis regional construction organizations (RCOs) and their management strategies; insufficient issues elaboration of designing the organizational structure and organizational culture of the RCO; lack of methods for substantiating the priorities in ensuring the RCO competitiveness.

Thus, the system of information support of industrial and economic activity in construction commonly used in the territory of the Russian Federation is not effective, since it does not meet the requirements of a managerial nature and strategic understanding of the state and prospects of the RCO development, reflects only certain aspects of the organization’s development.

The way out is the information and analytical base creation based on the monitoring the development resources of the construction complex. The development of such a product is impossible without substantiating the methodological aspects of information support and assessing the state of construction resources in the regions.
Organizational and economic mechanism for managing the apartment buildings’ overhaul repair system in the Russian Federation
Authors: Mirgorodskaya E O , Sukhinin S A
Published: September 2020

A necessary way to maintain housing in good condition and reduce its wear is overhaul. Regional capital repair systems for the common property of apartment buildings are a means of implementing a new policy to improve the quality of housing and communal services in the Russian Federation, which provides the approximation of capital repair management institutions to the interests of municipalities residents through the creation of regional operators, the development and implementation of regional programs for overhaul of the apartment buildings based on monthly contributions to the specially created funds of the residential buildings’ individual accounts or on the basis of the “common pot” principle. As the operators of the overhaul system for the apartment buildings, regional Overhaul Funds, that coordinate this activity on their territory, have been established. They collect and accumulate the financial resources from the homeowners in the apartment buildings of municipalities; develop a list of the required repair and construction work for each of the buildings, the priority for the repair of which is suitable in the current year; form and approve an estimate for these works’ implementation, organize, accompany and monitor their implementation. The importance of the functions and locations of the regional operators determines not only the scientific interest in studying the regional capital repair systems’ effectiveness for the apartment buildings, but also the practical significance associated with identifying the most effective practices of the Russian regions in this regard and transferring them to other territories.
Development of a methodology for sharing the enterprise total costs into the fixed and variable components in the cost-management tools’ improvement
Authors: Dyakova O V
Published: September 2020

The problems associated with cost management become especially acute and urgent in modern competitive environment. These issues are much more relevant for the construction industry than for other industries, since the costs and expenses on the construction products are much higher than those of other industries. Cost management is an excellent tool for the development and justification of many diverse management decisions, which can be associated not only with reduction, costs optimization or product pricing, but also with the production program of the enterprise, and in some cases with the organizational structure of enterprise management. However, the current cost management tools are currently poorly adapted to the Russian conditions and the Russian mentality and practically are not adapted for construction. This is the relevance of the chosen research topic. The methodology developed by the author for sharing the enterprise total costs into fixed and variable components will make it possible to quickly and inexpensively obtain the initial data for the use of existing and non-adapted Western tools for domestic enterprises in modern market conditions. Also, any classification is the additional information that gives an opportunity to more thoroughly and accurately examine the selected object, which in our case is the cost.
The concept of an engineering platform solution for architectonically-oriented accounting and management of economic processes
Authors: Shumeyko M V , Sagamonova G V , Sagamonova E V
Published: September 2020

The article outlines the concept of an engineering platform solution for the architectonically-oriented accounting and management of economic processes, aimed at creating the conditions for instant management decisions on accounting and control data obtained in real time.
Engineering peculiarities of flagship universities’ construction management systems in the face of modern challenges in the Russian Federation
Authors: Simonyan T. V. , Knyazeva Yu. S.
Published: September 2020

The article provides information on the construction of higher education institutions’ consolidation taking Don State Technical University as an example. The socio-economic conditions of the construction area, where the investigated changes have taken place, are presented. Particular engineering characteristics of the flagship university management coordinating activities’ work and role, are demonstrated. The acute technical problems and management tasks are described. The data in the literature on the large higher education institutions management construction in the Russian Federation, is summarized. The relevant legislation and state initiatives in construction industry are analyzed. The construction of the flagship universities success is compared on the basis of assessments given by the Expert Board of the Ministry of Architecture of the Russian Federation. The construction management tasks of Don State Technical University are studied at empirical level in the context of actual challenges in the country. Proficient civil engineering management of the flagship university is realized within the given timeframes from the strategic point of view. On the other hand, a global task of the construction managing board at a large university is a flexible and relevant reaction to modern challenges, no matter which sphere generates them. In any case it is important to maintain high quality of intra-university cooperation, to develop information and communication contacts and especially efficient communications between HEI’s employees and managing structures. It is evident that it is necessary to use various principles in the flagship university construction management: the only possible approach for an invariant system is the clearly structured civil engineering hierarchy and strong centralization, it is recommended to use the horizontal construction management potential and decentralization for variable elements. The invariant vertical construction management system has proved its efficiency. In the meanwhile, the model’s variable elements need to be improved. The civil engineers will have to realize the potential of structural-and-communicative approach in construction management at a qualitatively new level, to renew the HR-managements tools, to promote self-administration, to increase the brand capitalization.
Engineering substantiation of the need to strengthen the operated concrete hydraulic structures
Authors: Uchevatkin A A
Published: September 2020

The issue of strengthening the concrete high-pressure hydraulic structures in operation is considered.
Hydraulic-biological substantiation fish distributions in the border layer
Authors: Mikheev P A , Borovsky V P , Vanja V V
Published: September 2020

The aim of the research is the search and development of methods (tools) for regulating fish behavior in the conditions of changing the water stream’s kinematic structure. This is possible only through a thorough study of the kinematic, hydrodynamic features of the biological object’s behavior and their correlation with the kinematics and hydrodynamics of the habitat (river, boundary layer). The availability of such information undoubtedly opens up a broad prospect for creating the fish protection zones near water intakes or in the lower pools of hydroelectric facilities before entering the fish passage facilities, in which the movement, habitat of fish will occur in the most natural comfortable way with minimal energy consumption. Using the method of “comparing” the bio-hydrodynamic characteristics of fish with the water flow structural elements’ parameters, a number of general laws are established. On the basis of these laws the hydraulic calculation of the optimal vortex structures’ kinematic parameters for fish is performed.
Experience in solving some problems of air ionization
Authors: Garshin V I , Ramzaev A V
Published: September 2020

This article presents the results of observing the aero-ionic background, provides a brief list of ionizers recommended for creating hygienically acceptable conditions in small rooms. Aeroionic background was compared without ionization and with it. For the statistical processing of a 450 measurements array within a period of 4 seconds, a unified program block was used, which provides the typical characteristics of arrays in a visual form. The results of the tests on water treatment by ultrasound are presented. The treatment was accompanied by a balloelectric effect, in which, after a short period of time, light negative air ions became much larger than the positive ones known to have a negative effect on humans.
Calculation models for the dispersed composition integral functions approximation of the dust in the air
Authors: Zhukova N S , Kalyuzhina E A , Azarov A V , Strelyaeva A B
Published: September 2020

The danger of the small dust particles’ influence with sizes PM10 and PM2.5 is indicated. Computational models for approximating the integral functions of the dispersed dust composition are presented. The optimal planning problem is solved under the conditions of the Gauss-Markov theorem for determining the regression coefficients and a set of functions of a two-link and three-link spline.
Description of the information service for high-precision monitoring of the composite engineering structures’ displacements and deformations to ensure the forecasting technological emergencies problems’ solution
Authors: Kalinin S Yu , Razumova N V , Linkov A D
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the issues of information support for the safety of composite engineering structures (CES), such as railway and automobile bridges, dams, high-rise buildings, objects of operation at space centers, etc. The most effective approach to creating systems for monitoring the CES safe state is the integrated use of data from the ground and space high-precision monitoring tools for the static and dynamic displacements and deformations of the CES design elements. The information service developed by the specialists of JSC “Russian Space Systems” relates to the field of monitoring composite engineering structures, namely for operational monitoring of the complex structural elements’ and unique engineering structures’ state. The services are provided by a measuring complex, which can be included as traditional for this area precision meters of physical quantities and meters that work with the support of global navigation satellite systems. The service identifies the dangerous state of a composite engineering structure, based on an analysis of the dynamics of changes in the CES parameters and scenarios of the dangerous state of a composite engineering structure. The ultimate goals of creating such information services is to provide the data necessary for assessing the mechanical safety of engineering structures, departments and individual enterprises involved in organizing the execution of functions to support the life CES cycles.
Monitoring of ice avalanche using aerospace and ground information
Authors: Dokukin M D , Bekkiev M Yu , Kalov Kh M , Kalov R H
Published: September 2020

The article presents the data on ice avalanche in the mountains of the Caucasus and the Alps, obtained as a result of the satellite images’ interpretation in different years. Ice avalanche of hanging glaciers, end parts of glaciers, sections of glaciers on the steep steps of the primary relief, and sections of icefalls were recorded. The activity of ice avalanche in the summer period was revealed. The ejection range of the ice blocks of the Trift glacier in Switzerland in 2017 reached 1,050 m. Ice glaciers were noted on the icefall sections on the Irik, Terskol, Garabashi glaciers (Elbrus city) with an ejection range of up to 330 m. The most active were the rock-stone caving of the hanging glaciers and underlying bedrock in the Kolka glacier comb in 2002 and 2003 and the ice collapses of the advancing glacier on the slope of Kazbek in 2015-2019. Annual ice avalanche from the Bezengi wall marked.
Technical safety measures when performing works at heights on the stairs
Authors: Senchenko V A , Pushenko S L , Staseva E V , Kvitkina M V
Published: September 2020

Works at heights are a hazardous activity. The most common in industrial and economic activities works at heights are carried out on the stairs. Injury statistics in the Russian Federation indicate that when performing work at heights, the proportion of injuries is about 25 percent of their total number. A large number of injuries are recorded in everyday life from falling when performing work at heights from the stairs. Falling down the stairs is the second leading cause of industrial accidents in the US construction industry. A significant part of these incidents occurs at the construction sites and during operation when using extension ladders. Injuries from falling down the height, including down a ladder, are usually severe. About 70% of injuries are with serious consequences. When working with portable ladders, the most common cause of falls and injuries is the stairs’ sliding. The article presents the engineering solutions aimed at eliminating the sliding of the upper part of the stairs during works on the support. An assessment of these engineering solutions for various options for their application volumes has been performed.
Identification of soils, grounds and lands strata using the acoustic spectral analysis
Authors: Evtushenko S I , Lepikhova V A , Lyashenko N V , Skrinnikov E V
Published: September 2020

One of the important tasks of computer technology for the dispersed systems’ analysis of soils, grounds and lands strata is the determination of their qualitative (elemental) composition and quantitative ratio. Due to the complexity and cumbersomeness of traditional methods of chemical analysis, to solve such problems, modern technologies for the express analysis of the disperse systems under study, based on indirect measurements and computer calculation methods, are required.

The developed computer technology for determining the elemental composition of the studied disperse systems is based on the acoustic emission signal (AE) Fourier spectrum analysis emitted by these systems as a result of vibro-acoustic exposure. The (AE) signal of the studied systems is recorded in the form of phonograms, which are converted to digital form and processed using the fast Fourier transform. The result of this transformation is the total (AE) signal spectrum, which is a superposition of the spectra belonging to the elements of the studied system.

To determine the qualitative (elemental) composition of the studied system, signs are taken that uniquely identify the elements of the system. In the study of dispersed systems, the eigenfrequencies of the particle particles are taken as such signs. These frequencies make it possible to distinguish frequency sub-spectra corresponding to one or another element in the general signal spectrum (AE). Based on the sub-spectra analysis, the presence degree of these elements is considered. Thus, the task of determining the elemental composition is reduced to the selection and analysis in the (AE) total spectrum of the studied sub-spectra system corresponding to each element.
The tailing dumps’ reclamation influence evaluation on atmospheric air at the mining enterprise
Authors: Khuchunaev B M , Tashilova A A , Kesheva L A , Teunova N V
Published: September 2020

Mining tailing dumps contain many toxic substances and elements. After the end of their operation, restoration is necessary in order to eliminate the harmful effects on the environment. Reclamation is designed to reduce the adverse effect on the surrounding air of the surrounding areas. In this paper, we consider the effect on atmospheric air during the reclamation period of the Tyrnyauz tungsten-molybdenum mining and processing plant. An assessment of air pollution at the border of the sanitary protection zone (SPZ) and the nearby village.
The highway reconstruction possible environmental impacts’ assessment in the steppe zone of Stavropol territory
Authors: Khuchunaev B M , Dakhova O O , Bekkieva S A , Khuchunaeva L V
Published: September 2020

This work is devoted to assessing the possible environmental impacts of the A-167 Kochubei – Neftekumsk – Zelenokumsk – Mineralnye Vody highway reconstruction (artificial lighting device) on the km 317 – km 323, Alexandriyskaya village. Administratively, the work site is located in Georgievsky municipal district in the southern part of the Stavropol Territory. Ecological condition in the Alexandriyskaya village area is relatively prosperous. As a result of road lighting, the main emissions of pollutants entering the environment have been studied. The background values and the pollutants concentration in MPC fractions have been given in the work. As it can be seen from the study, the pollutants concentration during lighting does not exceed 0.41 in MPC fractions, and during the road operation does not exceed 0.03 MPC.
Experimental studies to develop the measures for reducing dust emissions mass into the atmosphere from the sources of the aerated concrete structures shop
Authors: Kondratenko T O
Published: September 2020

Most technological operations in the production of aerated concrete and building structures from it are accompanied by a significant amount of dust entering the atmospheric air. As a result, dust with a diverse composition enters the atmospheric air of the settlements in the territory of which the enterprises are located. The existing cleaning systems’ gears do not provide the necessary degree of dust emissions reduction in the atmosphere, exceeding the hygienic standards (the content in the air of settlements of particles with sizes less than 10 microns and 2.5 microns). The operation of CSF devices in cleaning systems has been shown to be effective in Russia and abroad. Increasing the CSF dust collectors’ efficiency can be ensured by organizing exhaust from the bin and when applying the flows with different dust contents to the lower and upper inlets.
The alternative energy Technosphere safety problems
Authors: Gaponov V L , Kuznetsov D M , Dudnik V V
Published: September 2020

The work shows that the dangerous vulnerability of renewable energy sources is the imperfection of materials and design of energy storage devices. A study of the charge-discharge cycles’ effect on the batteries’ stability in a specially developed installation showed that if even the most promising lithium-ion devices are used, due to the microdamage accumulation, all electric energy storage devices will not be durable and will necessarily fail. In addition, it is shown that the materials used in the manufacture of solar panels and wind turbine blades can harm the environment. It is concluded that the Technosphere safety problems of alternative energy can be solved only if the technology for the efficient utilization of used solar batteries and blades of wind-powered generators is created.
GIS-technologies in geophysical information databases processing
Authors: Zaalishvili V B , Kanukov A S , Fidarova M I
Published: September 2020

There are vast opportunities for obtaining a huge amount of information about various objects in modern world. This information can often be processed only using modern computer technologies. The development and implementation of the new methods for modeling the geological objects, moving or spreading a particular geophysical process, represent an important task of establishing interconnections and spatial distributions’ correlation in various physical fields. The seismic events recorded by 20 seismic stations installed in the areas with different soil conditions have been analyzed. To exclude the influence of the seismic vibrations source type, the seismic records were selected for each station, the epicenters of which were in the same area 20x20 km in size. The diagrams depicting the vibrations real spectrum acceleration area were prepared. For most of the obtained dependences, it was found that the real spectrum area of vibrations and acceleration are related in a nonlinear manner. In this case, the nonlinear dependence begins to develop, as a rule, at the acceleration values above 0.1g. From this we can conclude that the use in the construction calculations of the expected earthquake manifested intensity values is not sufficient for a reliable assessment of the possible seismic impact level, since the dependence of the incoming energy on the intensity magnitude is not linear. This implies the need to build the seismic hazard maps of the territory in the acceleration units.
Monitoring the auto-road air and reducing its toxicity
Authors: Zaalishvili V B , Bekuzarova S A , Burdziev O G , Korbesova K V
Published: September 2020

In order to simplify the air purification method and increase its efficiency in our studies conducted on the Vladikavkaz - Rostov highway, the sections between the forest plantations are covered with a layer of zeolite-containing clay - allanite, and crushed corn stumps in 4: 1ratio. In this case, the stumps are pre-soaked in Zamankul mineral water, and toxic substances accumulating on the layer surface are planted: chicory, phacelia, winter camelina and annual clover species. Covering sections of the park zone with natural sources of local origin in the form of allanite clay with plant waste mixture - corn stumps, which have high sorption ability and saturated boron-containing elements of Zamankul mineral water, reduces the highway air toxicity to the maximum permissible concentrations. The analysis on the toxic substances content in the air showed that the method used and its application provide favorable conditions for a normal environmental situation on the highway. It was revealed that due to the placement of plants accumulating toxic substances along the roads in the Vladikavkaz city, their number decreased to safe, maximum permissible concentrations. Thus, the concentration of contamination with lead salts and metals from the control infected option 0.105 μg / m3 decreased to 0.018 μg / m3. The amount of zinc, nickel, manganese also decreased several times. A significant reduction in toxic elements was observed for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, carbon, ammonia, and methane.
Possibilities of using a microwave cavity to measure seismic vibrations
Authors: Zaalishvili V B , Melkov D A , Kozyrev E N
Published: September 2020

The study of dangerous natural and technological processes involves their quantitative measurement. Increasing demands on seismic devices require the search for the new high-precision methods for converting mechanical vibrations. It is shown that the creation of a highly reliable broadband and simple seismic converter is possible on the basis of a high-quality microwave generator based on a volume resonator with an H01 type wave, an important parameter of which is the frequency stability of the generated vibrations. The use of H01 type wave in a volume resonator based on a circular waveguide provides a high-quality factor of the resonator (cavity). A wave of type H01 has anomalous properties. The attenuation of this wave as it moves away from the critical frequency asymptotically tends to zero with an unlimited increase in frequency due to the presence of transverse (ring) currents. Moreover, with the radius of the waveguide R = (3÷4) λ losses several orders of magnitude are lower than that of the conventional waveguides. The design features of the resonators with ring currents of the H01 wave lead to the sneak wave currents self-filtering and to work on a “clean” wave of the H01 type. In addition to small losses, the use of an H01 wave can provide several other advantages.
Hydrogeochemical features of the North Ossetian artesian basin
Authors: Dzhgamadze A K , Dzeranov B V , Gogichev R R
Published: September 2020

The article considers the hydro chemical features of the North Ossetian artesian basin and the changes in its qualitative characteristics over the past 30 years. An increase in the rigidity and, accordingly, mineralization of groundwater in the southeastern part of the Ossetian artesian basin, which occurs against the intensive production background, both directly from the basin and beyond it in the nutrition zone of the aquifer complex is noted. The tendency to increase the rigidity and mineralization of groundwater in the Industrial zone of the Vladikavkaz city has been recorded since 1991, and goes on up to this day. The main version of aquifer pollution is justified by the presence of industrial waste from the plants of “Electrozinc” OJSC and “Pobedit” OJSC, as well as an intensive underground water production from the southeastern part of the North Ossetian artesian basin - about 50 production wells with a capacity of about 1000 m3 / day. Among the many conditions and factors affecting the water chemical composition formation, one of the most important is the active, in most cases, haphazard exploitation of aquifers both within the territory under consideration, in the north-eastern part of the city of Vladikavkaz, as well as outside it, where the recharge comes from the mining level.
Soil degradation and remediation
Authors: Bekuzarova S A , Burdzieva O G , Arkhireeva I G , Dzobelova L V
Published: September 2020

The global areas of degraded and diseased soils exceeded 1.2 billion hectares, that is, about 22% of the world’s agricultural lands. Losses from damaged soils account for -25% of the global crop. In addition, land is contaminated with heavy metals and radiation, especially in mountainous areas. The aim of the work was the study and analysis of soil remediation. The issue of using grass mixtures in phytoremediation and soil remediation has not been studied enough, therefore, the problem of using new plant species that can accumulate the pollutants from aboveground biomass, is considered. In the process of studying plants on toxic soils, their accumulating abilities were determined and used as phyto-meliorants. In separate experiments, the “phyto-indicator” plants mixed with annual plant species were used, which, when the maximum biomass was accumulated, were plowed into the soil mixed with zeolite-containing clays of local importance. The experiments’ results showed that with the help of indicator plants it is possible not only to improve soil fertility, but also significantly reduce the amount of heavy metals, oil products, radionuclides, residual effects of chemical agents to control weeds, diseases and pests. Organic waste of agricultural production, waste from alcohol production, as well as the leaf litter embedded in soil with biological products were of great importance in reducing soil toxicity. The results of the experiments showed a significant reduction in toxicants in the soil when using organic waste and plowing plants as green fertilizer mixed with zeolite-containing clays and biological products.
Seasonal variability of the content of heavy metal compounds in the water of rivers in the foothills of the Central Caucasus
Authors: Atabieva F A , Gekkieva S O
Published: September 2020

The seasonal variability of the content of heavy metal compounds in the water of the rivers of the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus (Terek, Malka, Baksan, Ardon, Cherek and Urukh) was estimated based on long-term data. Generalizing studies affecting the basin features of the level of heavy metal compounds in the river waters of the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus have not been carried out over many years. Therefore, the objective of the study was to assess the level of heavy metal compounds (Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Zn, Pb) in river water at six observation points located in the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus, from 2005 to 2018. An analysis of data for a 13-year period to study the level of heavy metal compounds in the Baksan, Malka, Urukh, Terek, Cherek and Ardon rivers shows that water pollution of rivers by heavy metal compounds occurs to a greater extent in the summer rain flood and has a natural character.
Migration patterns of toxic volatile compounds in the atmospheric air of urban areas
Authors: Abramov A V , Pchelenok O A , Kozlova N M , Borisova I V
Published: September 2020

The article presents the study results of the dynamics of persistent organic pollutants produced in the air during the decomposition of pesticide wastes. Analysis of the processes occurring in limited air volumes made it possible to establish patterns of changes in the concentration of such gases as hydrogen chloride and phosgene under the influence of a point source of their release. The obtained patterns complement similar studies conducted for more significant spatial scales.
The non-ferrous and noble metals deposits’ position and manifestation in North Ossetia-Alania regarding the anomalies of potential fields
Authors: Parada S G , Rybin I V
Published: September 2020

The relevance is determined by the need to create a scientific basis for the reassessment of known ore regions for the presence of highly liquid gold ores and the search for the new gold ore objects in previously unexplored territories to diversify the mining and metallurgical industries of North Ossetia (Alania). The purpose is to reveal the geophysical signs of non-ferrous and noble metals’ mineralization and potential gold content of ore-magmatic systems. The applied methods include the results analysis of the geophysical data use when performing the work within the prospective gold territories’ limits. A combined map construction of the gravitational and magnetic fields’ local anomalies based on the analysis of amplitude characteristics using a geophysical database of the Geological map of the Russian Federation on a scale of 1: 1,000,000 according to the sheet K-38.39 (Makhachkala) as well as the analysis of the spatial distribution of deposits and the manifestations of non-ferrous and noble metals relative to geophysical anomalies. The results obtained can be formulated as follows: the experience of using geophysical data when performing the work within the limits of the gold prospective territories in the Amur region is analyzed. The results of processing the data of the geophysical surveys results in the mountainous part of the North Ossetia (Alania) territory using modern methods for converting the potential fields are presented. The compiled maps of the gravitational and magnetic field’s local anomalies have been prepared. Within North Ossetia (Alania), spatial features of the deposits and ore occurrences of non-ferrous and noble metals with respect to anomalies of the gravitational and magnetic fields have been revealed. The confinement of the granitoid type ore-magmatic systems to negative anomalies of gravity has been established. It has been shown that potentially auriferous ore-magmatic systems are located within the limits of positive magnetic field anomalies.
Experimental research planning in existing production conditions with the aim of setting up a dust extraction system
Authors: Azarov A V , Zhukova N S , Nikolenko D A , Nikolenko M A
Published: September 2020

The article lists the main reasons for reducing the dust extraction systems’ efficiency. The general principle of experiment planning is described. The use of a mixed fractional factorial plan with four factors at two levels and with two factors at three levels of variation is justified when using the shutters available in the dust extraction system. The condition that there is no need to exclude the insignificant factors (from the point of view of technical experiments), is established.
The standard justification for the municipal solid waste accumulation
Authors: Stefanenko I V , Azarov A V , Menzelintseva N V , Karapuzova N Yu , Statyukha I M
Published: September 2020

MSW accumulation dynamics depending on the category of the facility, time of year, is examined using the example of the Dagestan Republic. The average standards for MSW accumulation of for the considered categories of objects per day, as well as the average and annual average are established. The lists of objects’ categories having the minimum and maximum range of changes in the ratio to the average seasonal depending on the season change are identified. The solid waste export frequency should be performed taking into account these characteristics.
The conceptual framework of time concept in assessing the environmental status in water facilities’ influence zones
Authors: Khetsuriani E D , Bondarenko V L , Ilyasov A I , Semenova E A , Khetsuriani T E
Published: September 2020

The “Society” development at the present stage is characterized by a steady trend of limited natural resources, including water resources, in the limited conditions of further development, which determined a number of interconnected global problems (10), first four of which - Energy, Water, Food, Ecology are the most important problems. Without these problems’ solving it is impossible to solve the remaining 6 important problems. The water resources use in economic and other activities is interconnected with the existing and created water management facilities in the form of complex hydraulic structures within the basin geosystems with the initial ecological state, which should be determined and predicted. This methodological approach makes it possible to consider the alternative options when making the decisions on the water facilities’ location and creation in conjunction with the concept Time in assessing the ecological state in the basin geosystems spatial limits influence zones. The system mechanism operating within the basin geosystem under consideration and functioning as “Water Management Facility” as an “Activity Object” “AO”, as a class part NTE “NE – AO – P” provides the simultaneous ecological state “change” and “preservation” in space and time, where Time is a fundamental measure of environmental status. In Time flux ecological condition and unchanged past, speedy present and open future move forward under the “AO” and “NE” interaction process influence in the composition NTE “NE – AO – P”, which determines the Time concept when assessing the environmental status in the “AO” influence areas within the basin geosystem.

It was established that the ecological state in the “AO” influence zones in the composition NTE “NE – AO – P” varies from time from the accepted time source (construction start), which makes it possible to conclude: Time is the creation of new or nothing at all, and the ecological state in the «AO» influence zones is also the creation of a new one, as it is constantly changed and determined by irreversible processes.