bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A visegrádi országok perspektívája az Európai Kutatási és Innovációs Térségben
Authors: Borsi Balázs
Published: May 2021

A tanulmány az úgynevezett „visegrádi országok” (V-4: Csehország, Lengyelország, Magyarország és Szlovákia) felzárkózási és integrációs esélyeit vizsgálja az Európai Unió egyik fő stratégiai célkitűzésével, az Európai Kutatási Térség (European Research Area, ERA) megteremtésével kapcsolatban. A szerző megállapítja, hogy a visegrádiak globális gazdasági és különösen kutatás-fejlesztési potenciálja szerény, annak ellenére, hogy világpolitikai értelemben a glóbusz fejlettebb országaihoz tartoznak. Hangsúlyozza, hogy a V-4 régióban a vállalkozások üzleti környezetének rendbetétele nélkül nem várható az innovációk és a K+F iránti kereslet érdemi élénkülése. A tanulmány fontos állítása a „visegrádi paradoxon”: bár nemzetközi összehasonlításban a kutatók létszáma az elköltött GERD-hez, a BERD-hez és a GDP-hez képest is jelentős, a visegrádiak innovációs teljesítménye mégsincs összhangban a tudományos teljesítményükkel (a szakadék nagyobb, mint az EU-15 országok esetében). Az ERA-ba való integrálódást gátolja a V-4 országok regionális fejletlensége (a kiválósági központok alacsony száma) a K + F területén. Az ERA megteremtését szolgáló és nagy külső gazdaságpolitikai nyomásként jelentkező uniós mechanizmusok jelentős ösztönző erőként hatnak a V-4 országok döntéshozóira és véleményformálóira, ám a nemzeti innovációs rendszerek piacgazdasági transzformációja a V-4 régióban ezzel együtt is lassú folyamatnak ígérkezik.
Konzervatívnak lenni az internet korában
Authors: Nyíri Kristóf
Published: May 2021

Ha nem pusztán újításokkal szembeni ösztönös ellenszenvet, vagy elmúlt, személyünkben általában meg sem élt, sőt valójában soha nem is létezett korok iránti nosztalgiát értünk rajta, úgy a konzervativizmusnak a megőrzés funkcionális elméletét kell alkotnia spontán avagy szándékolt társadalmi változások közepette. A tanulmány szerzője mai életvilágunk bizonyos olyan elemeinek szükségessége és ezzel megőrzésre méltó volta mellett érvel, amelyek fenyegetettek a globális számítógépes hálózottság, vagyis egy új kommunikációs technológia uralkodóvá válása által, miközben ezeket az elemeket hosszabb távon voltaképpen az új technológia sem tudja nélkülözni. Azonban a szó szoros értelmében vett hagyományok ma sem nem lehetségesek, sem nem kívánatosak. A szerző alternatív vonatkoztatási keretet javasol: nem hagyományok, hanem olyan specifikus stabilitások keretét, amelyeket a hálózott kommunikáció specifikus illékonyságaival/virtualitásaival szemben artikulál. Ezek a stabilitások: valódi helyek/helységek, változatlan dokumentumok, személyes kapcsolatok.
Konzervatizmus és információs társadalom
Authors: Balázs Zoltán
Published: May 2021

A szerző álláspontja szerint a modern információs társadalom nem hozott magával teljesen új problémákat, mivel az ebben a fogalomkörben felvetett jellegzetes kérdések gyakorlatilag egyidősek a nyugati civilizációval. Ennélfogva a konzervatív gondolkodás számára is jól ismert, klasszikus kérdésekről van szó, tehát semmiképpen sem igaz, hogy a konzervatív felfogás számára az információs társadalom elvileg is új kihívást jelent. Mindezt a tanulmány a konzervatívok szemében általában kiemelten fontos négy kérdéskör, a hagyomány, a rend, a funkció és a tudás (a tudomány) jelenségcsoportjainak elemzésével támasztja alá. Az igazi konzervatív gondolkodás semmiképpen sem ellenséges vagy gyanakvó az információs technológiák fejlődésével és terjedésével szemben. Mivel lényeges társadalmi változások nem rajzolódnak ki a horizonton, a szerző következtetése szerint fennmaradnak a klasszikus kérdések és érvényesek a klasszikus válaszok is.
Néhány marxi gondolat érvényessége az információs társadalomban
Authors: Juhász Lilla
Published: May 2021

Tanulmányomban arra teszek kísérletet, hogy felhívjam a figyelmet, néhány marxi gondolat – alapos revíziónak alávetve – az információs társadalomban is megállja a helyét, amennyiben a vizsgálódást a nyugati civilizáció területére szűkítjük. A marxi elmélet inkonzisztens jellegénél fogva kizárólag azoknak a terminológiai kérdéseknek és megközelítési módoknak az információs társadalom szempontjából való elemzésére vállalkozom, amelyek többször is felbukkannak Marx különböző munkáiban, tehát az életmű egészét áthatják. Szót ejtek a technológiai determinizmusról , a szellemi munkáról , az automatizálásról, a szabadidő-szükségletről, az általános munkáról, a copyright és a copyleft párhuzamos együttéléséről, valamint az „egyesült termelők társadalma” versus kapitalizmus kérdéséről.
Az internet szerepe az alternatív mozgalmak dinamikájában
Authors: Mikecz Dániel
Published: May 2021

A társadalmi mozgalmak követeléseiket és érdekeiket tiltakozó akciókon keresztül artikulálják, s ennek érdekében minden rendelkezésükre álló erőforrást mobilizálniuk kell. Ahogy a kommunikációs szféra átalakul az internet megjelenésével, sok társadalmi mozgalom felhasználja az elektronikus kommunikációt céljai megvalósítása érdekében. A cikk szerzője az internet szerepére koncentrál az alternatív mozgalmak dinamikájában: két akcióprogram, a hazai Critical Mass és a Zengő-mozgalom internethasználatát vizsgálja. Az internet önmagában inadekvát eszköz szoros elkötelezettségek kialakítására és fenntartására, azonban alkalmas a mozgalmak üzenetének kommunikálására. A számítógéppel közvetített kommunikáció révén gyorsan lehet tömeges támogatásra szert tenni. Bár az így keletkező kötődések törékenyek, ez mégsem válik a mozgalmak kárára, hiszen a támogatók nem az egyes mozgalmakhoz, hanem a globális alternatív mozgalmi identitáshoz kötődnek.
Információ és az információs társadalom fogalma
Authors: Webster Frank
Published: May 2021

Az itt közölt tanulmány a szerző "Az információs társadalom elméletei" című, 1997-ben megjelent kötetének 2. fejezete (Theories of the Information Society, London, Routledge). A szerző fő célja itt a következő kérdések felvetése: Amikor az emberek "információs társadalomról" beszélnek, vajon mit értenek ez alatt? Milyen kritériumokat nyújtanak ahhoz, hogy az "információs társadalmat" megkülönböztethessük más típusoktól? Az "információs társadalom" meghatározásai között analitikailag ötféle definíciót lehet megkülönböztetni, amelyek mindegyike kritériumokat tartalmaz annak azonosítására, ami új. Ezek a következő típusokba sorolhatók: technológiai, gazdasági, foglalkoztatási, térszemléletű és kulturális meghatározások. A fejezet második részében a szerző magának az "információnak" a különféle értelmezéseit elemzi, hangsúlyozva, hogy sohasem szabad lemondanunk az információ jelentését és rendeltetését firtató kérdésekről.
A görög információs társadalom
Authors: Siakas Kerstin , Kotsialos Themis
Published: May 2021

Az országjelentés szerzői megállapítják, hogy az információs társadalom Görögországban lassan fejlődik, és Görögország az EU országok rangsorának a vége felé helyezkedik el a legtöbb indikátor tekintetében. A szélessávú hozzáférés mértéke nem kielégítő, és az infrastruktúra fogyatékosságai miatt az interneten nyújtott szolgáltatások igénybevétele jóval az átlagos szint alatt van. Görögországban az IKT használatához szükséges alapvető és speciális készségek is alacsony szinten állnak. Az információs társadalom fejlesztésére számos állami kezdeményezés és program van folyamatban a szabályozás, a képzés és az infrastruktúra fejlesztése terén egyaránt. A siker egyik alapvető előfeltétele a távközlési szolgáltatási piac liberalizációjának gyors véghezvitele. A 2006-2013. évi digitális stratégia célja a Görögországot más tagállamoktól még mindig elválasztó digitális szakadék áthidalása.
Hozzászólás az értelmiség felelősségéhez
Authors: Benczúr András
Published: May 2021

Hozzászólások Pierre Lévy „Az értelmiség új felelőssége a kommunikáció korában” című írásához
Korlátlan felelősség?
Authors: Bőgel György
Published: May 2021

Hozzászólások Pierre Lévy „Az értelmiség új felelőssége a kommunikáció korában” című írásához
Értelmiségi szereprepedések
Authors: Tamás Pál
Published: May 2021

Hozzászólások Pierre Lévy „Az értelmiség új felelőssége a kommunikáció korában” című írásához
DFT calculation of the Renner Teller Effect in NCO: Preliminary assessment of Exact Exchange Energy on the accuracy of the X2Π Renner Coefficient
Authors: Kashinski David , Radziewicz Tyler , Suarez Matthew , Stephens Constantine , Byrd Edward
Published: May 2021

Assessment of DFT methods through analysis of the Renner-Teller Effect
(RTE) in the XΠ state of the NCO radical was
completed. Our results suggest that the amount of exact exchange at long
range is important for an accurate description of the RTE in NCO. DFT
functionals from the B3LYP, PBE, TPSS, M06, and M11 families with
standard Correlation Consistent, 6-311G split valence family, as well as
Sadlej, and Sapporo polarized triple-ζ basis sets were assessed. Our
Renner coefficients are compared with previously published theoretical
and experimental results to characterize the overall accuracy of various
functional/basis set combinations in determining the RTE splitting in
the Π (bending) modes of NCO(XΠ). We suggest that
this method of analysis can be extended to other systems, serve as an
accuracy metric when selecting a functional, and provide a means to
create training sets for machine learning in computational molecular
physics applications.
Soluble sugar drives plant leaf turgor, restricts plant growth, and regulates plant hydraulic capacity of Haloxylon ammodendron to different groundwater level
Authors: Xu Gui-Qing , Mi Xiao-Jun , Ma Jian , Ma Jie , Tang Lisong
Published: May 2021

Anthropogenic withdraw of groundwater and climatic drought results in
the decline of groundwater depth that, in turn, severely limits the
water availability for phreatophytic vegetation in arid regions. In this
study, a small xeric, phreatophytic tree Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.
Mey.) was investigated to understand the influence of depth to
groundwater (DGW) on hydraulic traits and on the trade-off between
drought tolerance and leaf area increment. A suite of traits including
leaf water potential, pressure–volume (P–V) curves, Huber value,
assimilation branch growth, and osmotic regulation substance were
measured across five sites with DGW ranges from 3.45 to 15.91 m. Our
results indicate that H. ammodendron was subject to greater water stress
with increasing DGW, as indicated by decreased predawn (Ψpd) & midday
(Ψmd) branch water potential. We also found that growth rate declined as
Huber value increased with increasing DGW in the early growing season
(EGS). Solute sugar, as a major osmotic substance, drives decreases in
osmotic potential at full turgor, and thus constrains assimilation
branch growth with increasing DGW in EGS. Therefore, osmotic adjustment
accompanied with water potential regulation (Ψpd－Ψmd) and plasticity of
Huber value allows this phreatophyte to absorb water from deeper soil
layers and tolerate drought. However, these adaptive adjustments cannot
fully compensate for nonoptimal water conditions as growth rate
continued to decrease as DGW increased in EGS and even became negative
in the late growing season (LGS) at almost all sites. Our results
provide an insight into how H. ammodendron responds and adapts to
changes DGW in a region experiencing hydrological and climatic drought.
Greater depth of groundwater had a significant effect on H. ammodendron
and may have similar effects for other non-riparian phreatophytic plants
in arid regions.
Characteristics and outcomes of autoimmune hemolytic anemia after pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplant
Authors: Hillier Kirsty , Harris Emily , Bebert Laura , Pai Sung-Yun , Grace Rachael
Published: May 2021

Background: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) after allogeneic
hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is a rare but complex and
serious complication. Detailed descriptions of cases and management
strategies are needed due to lack of prospective trials. Objectives:
Describe the incidence, clinical characteristics, and management of AIHA
after HSCT in a pediatric cohort. Methods: This is a retrospective
cohort study of 33 pediatric patients with AIHA after HSCT at an
academic tertiary care center from 2003 to 2019. A case-control analysis
was performed to compare outcomes. Results: The overall incidence of
AIHA after allogeneic HSCT was 3.8% (33/868). AIHA was significantly
more common after transplant for non-malignant versus malignant
diagnoses (7.0% (26/370) vs. 1.4% (7/498), p<0.0001). AIHA
developed at a median of 4.7 months (range: 1.0-29.7) after transplant.
Sixteen of 33 patients (48.5%) required new AIHA-directed pharmacologic
therapy; 17 (51.5%) were managed on their current immunosuppression and
supportive care. Patients managed without additional therapy were
significantly older, more likely to have a malignant diagnosis, and
tended to develop AIHA at an earlier timepoint after transplant.
Patients received a median of 2 red blood cell transfusions within the
first two weeks of diagnosis and a median of one AIHA-directed
medication (range: 1-4), most commonly corticosteroids and rituximab.
Conclusions: AIHA after HSCT is rare but occurs more commonly in
patients transplanted for non-malignant diagnoses. While some patients
can be managed on current immunosuppression and supportive care, many
require AIHA-directed therapy including second-line medications.
A chromosome‐level genome assembly of Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis provides new insights into salmonids evolution
Authors: Zhu Wenbo , Wang Zhongkai , Li Haorong , Xiang Hui , Li Ping , Ni Lili , Jiao Li , Ren Yandong , You Ping
Published: May 2021

The salmonid-specific fourth vertebrate whole-genome duplication (Ss4R)
occurred ~80 million years ago in the ancestor of all
salmonids and provides a unique opportunity to study the evolutionary
history of the duplicated genome. Study of the genome of Brachymystax
lenok tsinlingensis might be particularly insightful given that this is
the only Brachymystax species with a published salmonid genome. Here, we
present a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly for B. l.
tsinlingensis and found that the salmonids have a unique GC content and
codon usage, have undergone a whole-genome duplication event and a burst
of transposon-mediated repeat expansion, have a slower evolutionary
rate, and possess specific expanded gene families and unique positively
selected genes. Generally, the B. l. tsinlingensis genome could provide
a valuable reference for the study of other salmonids as well as aid the
conservation of this endangered species.
Polonnaruwa Stones Revisited – Evidence for Non-Terrestrial Life
Authors:   Centre for Astrobiology, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka, Wainwright Milton ,   Institute for the Study of Panspermia and Astrobiology, Gifu, Japan, Wickramasinghe N. Chandra ,   Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology, University of Buckingham, UK; Centre for Astrobiology, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka; National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka; Institute for the Study of Panspermia and Astrobiology, Gifu, Japan
Published: May 2021

Recent discoveries of highly porous low-density carbonaceous asteroids such as 101955 Bennu and Ryugu have motivated a re-examination of the Polonnaruwa stones which fell in central Sri Lanka on 27 December 2012 following a fireball sighting. Previous discoveries of biological entities including fossilized extinct microorganisms (acritarchs) have tended to be discounted as contaminants for the reason that the stones did not fit into a known meteorite category. In view of the new data from space exploration we re-examine samples of the Polonnaruwa stones and confirm earlier evidence for the existence of diatom frustules and other complex biology.
Characterization and implementation of robust quantum information processing
Authors:   , Fernandez David
Published: May 2021

Quantum information processing has practical applications like exponential speed ups in optimisation problems or the simulation of complex quantum systems. However, well controlled quantum systems realised experimentally to process the information are sensitive to noise. The progress in leading experimental platforms like superconducting qubits or trapped ions has al-lowed the realisation of high-fidelity quantum processors known as Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices with roughly 50 qubits. NISQ devices are meant to be large enough to show, despite their imperfections, an advantage over classical processors in some computational tasks and pro-vide a rich playground to prove principles for future quantum algorithms and protocols. However, quantum processors need to be scaled up to imple-ment quantum algorithms that are relevant for practical applications. For this purpose, Quantum Error Correction (QEC) codes, which encode the information in multi-partite quantum states that are generally highly en-tangled, become crucial to eliminate the errors introduced by noise sources like qubit loss. Here we introduce a protocol to correct qubit loss, i.e., the impossibility to access the information encoded in a qubit, in the color code, a leading candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computation. We show that the achieved tolerance of 46(1)% to qubit loss is related to a novel percola-tion problem on three coupled lattices. Our work shows the high robustness of the color under our protocol and has practical importance for implemen-tations of fault-tolerant QEC. In our second line of research we propose and analyse local entanglement witnesses as efficient and platform-agnostic detectors of the entanglement between qubit subsystems, providing a de-scription of the entanglement structure in, in principle, arbitrarily large quantum systems. Since entanglement is a genuinely quantum property used as a resource in most quantum algorithms, local witnesses, which can be implemented with current technology, are of interest for current and future quantum processors.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA NEUROCIÊNCIA E DA APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA PARA O ENSINO DE FÍSICA E DE CONCEITOS BÁSICOS DE ASTRONOMIA: ALGUMAS APROXIMAÇÕES PRELIMINARES
Authors: Damasceno Júnior José Ademir , Cavalcante Romeu Mairton
Published: May 2021

Neste trabalho, realizou-se uma investigação sobre algumas aproximações entre a Neurociência e a Aprendizagem Significativa. Para tanto, levantou-se a seguinte questão: a partir dessas aproximações, que contribuições podem ser evidenciadas para o ensino de Física e de conceitos básicos de Astronomia? A pesquisa tomou por base documentos oficiais nacionais e os resultados de pesquisas anteriores descritos em artigos, dissertações e teses, dando ênfase aos publicados nos últimos dez anos. Os resultados apontam que a compreensão de aspectos neurocientíficos e das premissas para uma aprendizagem significativa impactará favoravelmente na formação e na atuação do professor de Física e de conceitos básicos de Astronomia, tendo em vista que será possível ele desenvolver nos alunos suas funções executivas, como exemplo, a atenção, a memória, a capacidade de estabelecer relação entre dois assuntos, a habilidade de fazer cálculos com a mente, a utilização da imaginação e da criatividade para resolver problemas.
Effect of Wound Infiltration with Bupivacaine after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy – A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Parveen Monira , Bhowmick Dilip Kumar , Islam Md. Shafiqul , Rahman Md. Sayedur , Akhtaruzzaman AKM
Published: May 2021

Background and Objective: Adequate post-operative pain management can improve surgical outcome. Patients undergoing surgery can be affected socially, psychologically, economically with undertreated pain. We aimed to evaluate the effect of 0.25% bupivacaine infiltration on postoperative pain, analgesic requirement, satisfaction level, hospital discharge and quality of life after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methodology: Fifty eight patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled and randomized in two groups – placebo and intervention. Patients were infiltrated with 10 ml 0.25% bupivacaine in intervention and 10 ml 0.9% normal saline in placebo group. Post-operative pain was managed with morphine using Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA). Pain intensity was assessed on the matrix of visual analogue scale and verbal rating scale up to 12 post-operative hours. This study also assessed its effect on analgesic requirements, hospital stay, patient satisfaction level after 24hours, pain score on discharge, time taken to return to job and quality of life (on 15th and 30th post-operative day).

Results: It was revealed 0.25% bupivacaine can lower post-operative pain up to six post-operative hour of performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Total analgesic requirement was also reduced (p= 0.0003) with decreased side effect like vomiting (p= 0.0002). However, satisfaction and quality of life were not affected by bupivacaine infiltration in this study.

Conclusion: 0.25% Bupivacaine infiltration offered more effective management of postoperative analgesia with decreased analgesic requirement and less incident of vomiting. But it was not effective after long duration in terms of satisfaction level, hospital discharge, time to return to job or quality of life.
The Role of Critical Theory in Creative Writing: An Evaluation of Horace’s Ars Poeticaas a Prototype
Authors: Sharma Anandita
Published: May 2021

Critical Theory and Creative Writing as disciplines are considered antithetical to each otherand a prevailing tendency is to confine them to their own fields.However, this paper argues that critical theory plays a crucial role in the discipline of creative writing. To further my point, I analyse, Horace’s Ars Poetica, a text that deserves worthy attention by scholars and students of literature and acts as a guide to the art of writing. Although, the text dates back to the ancient times, the advice given by Horace to the Pisos family are relevant to the art of writing in general. The paper has been divided into two sections. The first section aims to study the establishment of creative writing as an academic discipline and the role of critical theory in creative writing. The second section discusses how Horace’s Ars Poetica as a critical writing text offers some essential rules in creative writing. The aim is to promote creative inspiration, expand cognition processand bring in a new outlook to stimulate creative thinking.
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN BRAINSTORMING DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA SISWA KELAS V SDN 164319 TEBING TINGGI
Authors:   SDN 164319 TEBING TINGGI, Tampubolon Rismawaty
Published: May 2021

The aim of this research is to improve learning result on Indonesian Language subject through brainstorming method. This classroom action research conducted by 2 cycles of the four phases: planning, implementation, observation, reflection. The subjects were students from grade V, SD Negeri 164319 Tebing Tinggi which amounted to 33 students. This study used a qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The results showed that the method of the brainstorming in Indonesian Language subject can improve student learning result characterized by increased mastery learning students, namely pre-cycle (69,7%), the first cycle (81,8%), cycle II (90,9 %) and complete learn the clasical equal to 90,9 %. Keywords: Brainstorming, Indonesian Language
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR FIQIH SISWA DI KELAS II MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH NEGERI 6 LANGKAT BOHOROK
Authors:   Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 6 Langkat Bahorok, Yuti Ahmad
Published: May 2021

Student learning outcomes by establishing a Team Games Tournament (TGT) Type Cooperative Learning Model have improved quite well. Before the class action (PTK) was carried out for the initial test, the average score of the Islamic Civilization History class II class II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 6 Langkat Bohorok, which amounted to 31 students, was 70 (moderate category) and the standard deviation was 8,116. After the class action was carried out in cycle I for the first final test, the average score of Islamic Civilization History subjects increased to 74 (moderate category) and the standard deviation was 6.825. Followed by class action in cycle II for the second final test, the average value of Islamic Civilization History subjects increased to 80 (high category) and the standard deviation was 4.479 with a minimum completeness criteria value (KKM) of 65. Next, the correlation between the initial test and cycle I was 0.766. (quite significant category) with a t test value of 6.53, and the correlation between cycle I and cycle II was 0.95 (very significant category) with a t test value of 16.578. And before the action was carried out the average attendance rate of students was 80%, after the action was carried out in the first cycle it became 89%, in the second cycle it was 100%. In general, students learn to be more independent. Keywords: Classroom action research (PTK), Cooperative Learning Model Type Team Games Tournament (TGT), Student Islamic Civilization History Learning Outcomes
Effects of respiratory muscle endurance training on cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics, and effort perceptions during maximal exercise
Authors:   , Somerville Johnna
Published: May 2021

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a 4-week respiratory muscle endurance training (eRMT) program on the physiological and psychological aspects of central fatigue using, respectively, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and quantification of effort perceptions during maximal exercise. A secondary objective was to assess any impact of eRMT on respiratory health and exercise performance. This study compared pre- and post-eRMT data from the same group of healthy adults. The results indicated that eRMT did not have any effect on respiratory function, exercise time to exhaustion, or physiological responses to exercise but significantly decreased ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during exercise. An increase in the concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin [O2Hb], deoxygenated hemoglobin [HHb], and total hemoglobin [tHb] during exercise was observed post-eRMT compared to pre-eRMT, and this increase differed by hemisphere. Based on these preliminary findings, we suggest an eRMTinduced left-to-right hemodynamic shift during exercise, consistent with the change from a novel to a learned task.
Lost in translation: Reflexive thematic analysis in research with Pacific peoples
Authors: Rangiwai Byron , Enari Dion , Masae Christina , Paea Daniel , Tahilanu-Mapili Lavinia , Vailahi Veronica
Published: May 2021

This paper reflects on reflexive thematic analyses with Pacific peoples from different cultural and language backgrounds. This paper will briefly describe reflexive thematic analysis according to Braun et al. (2019) and reflect upon issues concerning thematic analysis and Pacific cultures and languages. As academics, researchers, and practitioners, “we engage in a co-construction of knowledge” with our communities while adhering to cross-cultural notions of respect (Enari & Rangiwai, 2021, p. 2). We draw upon our collective cultural knowledge to offer a unique insider perspective (Enari & Rangiwai, 2021) concerning our current understandings of reflexive thematic analysis as it applies to research with Pacific peoples.
Foliar application of polyamines improve some morphological and physiological characteristics of rose
Authors: Yousefi Fereshteh , Jabbarzadeh Zohreh , Amiri Jafar , Rasouli-Sadaghiani MirHassan , Shaygan Ali
Published: May 2021

Objective

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar spray of polyamines on some morphological and physiological characteristics of rose.

Materials and methods

Experimental variants involved the type (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) and concentration (0 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM and 4 mM) of polyamines. In this research, the plant height, number of leaves and shoots, leaf area and thickness, fresh and dry weight of leaf and stem, the content of anthocyanin, soluble sugar, phenol and antioxidant capacity were measured 2 weeks after the end of experiment.

Results

Results indicated that among all polyamine types, putrescine has the highest effect on the morphological characteristics. Among different concentrations of polyamines, the concentration of 1 mM resulted in the highest increase in shoot fresh and dry weight. Putrescine application at 2 mM and 4 mM concentrations increased soluble sugar content. In the present study, polyamine treatment reduced the content of anthocyanin, phenol and antioxidant capacity.

Conclusions

It can be cocluded that application of polyamines improved some morphological and physiological traits in various ways.
Energy Management for Hybrid Power Generation Using Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Authors: Haseltalab A , van Biert L , Mestemaker BTW
Published: May 2021

The shipping industry is facing increasing requirements to decrease its environmental footprints. This challenge is being addressed through the use of alternative fuels and adoption of novel energy sources in advanced power and propulsion systems. In this paper, an energy management approach is proposed to determine the optimal split between different energy sources of a vessel with hybrid power generation. The power and propulsion system of the vessel consists of a gas engine-generator set and a solid oxide fuel cell, both fed with liquefied natural gas, and a battery. Specific fuel consumption curves and transient capabilities of the engine and fuel cell are used to determine the optimal split and the battery is used to deal with the fast load transients during heavy operations and also providing power during low power demanding activities. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated for a dredging vessel with a DC power and propulsion system and compared to a benchmark vessel powered by gas engine-generator sets only. The results indicate a 16.5% reduction in fuel consumption compared to a benchmark non-hybrid power system and conventional power management.
Plane Partitions in Batch Track-Track Associations
Authors: Nelatury C
Published: May 2021

The most difficult multiple target tracking problem includes multiple sensors with different viewing angles, measurement geometries, fields of view, accuracies, resolutions and scan rates. Such variations in sensor output characteristics as well as channel delays, countermeasures, inherent target features and maneuvers have solidified the consensus that an effective fusion system must handle several levels of “tracklets” from distributed sources in order to produce the desired long tracks as described in Waltz and Llinas (1990). In view of the increased attention given to hypersonics as well as the increased need for low-level signal processing, the computational complexity of track association is a vital factor in determining an autonomous vehicles’ ability to complete its objectives quickly. We are given a set of tracklets where the particular methods used to make the detections are taken for granted. Following joint probability density association filters, we assume short tracklets are completed (i.e, detections are correctly correlated with state estimates) and take a computational geometric approach to associating tracklets. If N is the number of short term tracklets, this method fuses them in O(N2). Using covariance as a distance, this report suggests the applicability of a class of sweep-line algorithms developed in computational geometry in data fusion.
STATIN-INDUCED MECHANISMS OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM DISORDERS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Nikonova L. V. , Tishkovskiy S. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2021

Statins are first-line medications that are used to prevent cardiovascular diseases. They reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death by an average of 25-30%. Despite the safety and relative tolerability of statins, observational and clinical studies as well as meta-analyses have shown that statins may increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Statins have been proven to increase insulin resistance and reduce insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells
PREDICTORS OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY DEVELOPMENT AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY UNDER CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center «Cardiology», Minsk, Belarus, Krachak D. I.
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To identify the incidence of acute kidney injury in the early postoperative period in cardiac surgery patients operated under cardiopulmonary bypass, and to determine possible risk predictors of its development. Material and methods: Analysis of 103 case histories of patients was performed; 39 of these patients developed acute kidney injury of stages 1-3. Clinical and clinical laboratory data were collected and analyzed at the preoperative and intraoperative stages. Results: A total of 37.9% of patients developed signs of acute kidney injury. This group of patients tended to be older, and was initially characterized by statistically significantly higher levels of creatinine and cystatin C and reduced levels of total serum protein and hemoglobin. Analysis of the possible predictors of acute kidney injury revealed that at the preoperative stage, the level of cystatin C had the highest association with the development of kidney damage in the early postoperative period (OR 15.828, 95% CI 1.66-150.54, p=0.016) and exceeded the traditional marker – serum creatinine. Among intraoperative factors, the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (OR 1.015, 95% CI 1.006-1.023, p=0.001) and severity of intraoperative hemolysis (OR 1.017, 95% CI 1.004-1.030, p=0.008) demonstrated the greatest association with kidney damage. Сonclusion: It has been found that the risk of acute kidney injury in patients with preexisting renal failure is two times higher than in patients with intact renal function. The most significant intraoperative modifiable factors affecting postoperative renal injury are the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and the level of hemolysis.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE DYNAMICS OF CD4+CD25+ SUBPOPULATIONS OF T-LYMPHOCYTES IN PATIENTS WITH SATISFACTORY EARLY RENAL ALLOGRAFT FUNCTION
Authors:   Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Gomel, Belarus, Zybleva S. V. , Zyblev S. L. ,   Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Gomel, Belarus
Published: May 2021

Background. Experimental models indicate a certain role of T-regulatory lymphocytes in the induction of immunological tolerance. However, it is necessary to study their function and phenotype in more detail for the purposes of applying the mechanisms of tolerance induction. Objective. To assess the dynamics of CD3+CD4+CD25+ and CD3+CD4+CD25+highCD127+low indicators in renal transplant recipients with satisfactory early allograft function. Material and Methods. Kidney transplantation was performed in 197 recipients. We assessed CD3+CD4+CD25+ and CD3+CD4+CD25+highCD127+low level before the transplantation and on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 30th and 90th days after the transplantation. The following groups of recipients were identified: PGF – those with satisfactory primary graft function, PGD – those with primary graft dysfunction, TR – those with transplant rejection in the early postoperative period. The comparison group (CG) consisted of healthy volunteers. Results. A significant increase in the relative and absolute level of CD3+CD4+CD25+highCD127+low from day 30 to 90 after surgery was revealed in recipients with a primary functioning graft. At the same time, CD3+CD4+CD25+ indicators in the recipients of the studied groups did not have significant differences throughout the study. Conclusions. CD3+CD4+CD25+highCD127+low monitoring can be used to identify patients with high tolerogenic potential.
INTRAOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT OF TOPOGRAPHIC-ANATOMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE INGUINAL CANAL IN HERNIA AND ITS VALUE IN CHOOSING HERNIOPLASTY METHOD
Authors:   City Clinical Emergency Hospital, Grodno, Belarus, Zhuk S. A. , Smotrin S. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2021

Purpose. To give a comparative description of the topographic and anatomical parameters of the inguinal canal in hernias and to evaluate its importance in choosing a method of hernioplasty. Material and methods. In 120 patients with types II, IIIa, IIIb inguinal hernias, the height of the inguinal space (h-IS), the total thickness of the internal oblique and transverse abdominal muscles forming the upper wall of the inguinal canal (TMT) and the diameter of the deep inguinal ring (DDIR) were measured intraoperatively. Results. Pairwise comparisons of the IS height revealed statistically significant differences in this parameter between hernias types II and IIIa, as well as between types II and IIIb (p = 0.0432) in all age groups. In the studied age groups, there were statistically significant differences in the diameter of the deep inguinal ring between patients with hernias types II and IIIa, as well as types II and IIIb (p <0.001). The TMT of the upper wall of the IC in all age groups did not depend on the type of inguinal hernia and was associated with the patient's age. Conclusion. Intraoperative morphometry is an objective method for assessing the topographic and anatomical parameters of the inguinal canal and should underlie the choice of the method of tension or tension-free inguinal hernioplasty during open surgical interventions.
EFFECT OF CORVITIN ON OXYGEN TRANSPORT FUNCTION OF THE BLOOD AND GAS TRANSMITTERS IN ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION OF THE LOVER LIMBS
Authors:   Brest Regional Clinical Hospital, Brest, Belarus, Zasimovich V. N. , Zinchuk V. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Ioskevich N. N. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2021

Background. Ischemia-reperfusion of the lower limbs in atherosclerosis of their arteries is accompanied by impaired oxygen transport function (OTF) and the content gas transmitters (GT) of blood, which needs adequate correction. Purpose. To study the effect of corvitin on the parameters of OTF and GT of nitrogen monoxide and hydrogen sulfide in venous blood after revascularization of the lower limb in chronic atherosclerotic occlusion of the superficial femoral artery (SFA). Material and methods. Revascularization of the lower limbs in 103 patients was performed by loop endaterectomy from SFA. Patients of group I (n=52) received traditional medication support, II (n=51) - corvitin. The indices of OTFB and GT in the venous blood of the lower and upper limbs were determined before the operation, on the 3rd and 8th days after it. Results. The increase in the parameters of hyperoxemia, hypocapnemia and GT concentration in the postoperative period decreases with the use of corvitin. Conclusions. The use of corvitin reduces disturbances in OTFB and GT content during ischemia-reperfusion of the lower limbs.
DURATION OF CLINICAL EFFECT OF LOW-DOSE SUBLINGUAL-PERORAL ALLERGEN-SPECIFIC IMMUNOTHERAPY OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus, Sidarenka A. V. , Vykhristsenka L. R. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Vitebsk, Belarus
Published: May 2021

Background. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) affects the immune response and the clinical course of bronchial asthma (BA). Objective. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of sublingual-oral low-dose ASIT in asthma based on the results of 5-year follow-up. Material and Methods. ASIT was carried out with a mixture of household allergens in 51 patients aged 18-60 years old. The patient's opinion, the number and severity of BA exacerbations, the duration of post-immunotherapeutic remission and the factors influencing it, adherence to treatment, and the safety of treatment were taken into account. Results. The effectiveness of ASIT according to the patient’s opinion: 45.1% - excellent, 49% - good result. In allergic asthma, remission after ASIT was significantly higher than in mixed asthma. Full adherence to treatment (3 courses of ASIT) - in 76.5% (39/51) of patients. There were no adverse reactions during the entire observation period. The mixed BA phenotype, contact with the allergen in everyday life, and smoking had a negative effect. Positive - high compliance to therapy. Conclusions. Sublingual-oral ASIT is an effective and safe method of treating allergic and mixed asthma. The duration of post-immunotherapeutic remission of BA for 3 years was observed after 3 courses of ASIT.
CLINICAL CASE OF ALLERGIC ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME (KOUNIS SYNDROME) CAUSED BY COLD URTICARIA
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kalatsei L. V. , Snezhitskiy V. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Hrib S. N. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, Grodno, Belarus, Liskovich T. G. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, Grodno, Belarus, Filistovich I. S. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2021

Kounis syndrome is one of the rare variants of acute coronary syndrome that occurs as a result of an allergic reaction. Its main pathophysiological mechanism is coronary vasospasm. Clinically, Kounis syndrome is manifested by symptoms of both an allergic reaction and an acute coronary syndrome, and its treatment is not an easy task, since both cardiac and allergic manifestations must be treated at the same time. In the given article we describe a clinical case of diagnosis and successful treatment of Kounis syndrome caused by cold urticaria in a 58-year-old patient who was hospitalized to the Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center.
DYSLIPIDEMIA: OVERVIEW OF THE ESC/EAS 2019 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT. PART 2 – TARGET THERAPY
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Pyrochkin V. M. , Karpovich Y. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Mironchik E. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kovtun A. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2021

The high incidence of cardiovascular disease leads to a routine individual assessment of the patient's cardiovascular risk, and to the correction of the therapy. In 2019, at the European Congress of Cardiology, updated recommendations of the ESC/EAS (European Society of Cardiology / European Atherosclerosis Society) on the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia were presented, new approaches to cardiovascular risk assessing and correction of dyslipidemia were formulated. The article discusses the main aspects of clinical application of the new recommendations for the treatment of this pathology.
A. A. BOGDANOV (MALINOVSKY): THINKER, WRITER AND PHYSICIAN-EXPERIMENTALIST
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Sitkevich S. A. , Cherepitsa V. N. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2021

The article presents biographical data on the life and activities of a prominent scientist, writer, revolution figure of the beginning of the 20th century, organizer and Director of the world's first Institute for Blood Transfusion, born in province town Sokolka, Grodno Governorate, A.A. Bogdanov (Malinovsky) who made a great contribution to the foundation and development of domestic hematology. The results of the study indicate that the childhood years spent in the Grodno region had a significant impact on the formation of the scientist's outlook and scientific interests.
Emberi ábrázolás a Változások korában, 4000 és 2000 BC között
Authors: Horváth Tünde
Published: May 2021

Our survey should by necessity begin earlier, from the close of the Middle Age Copper Age, and should extend to much later, at least until the onset of the Middle Bronze Age, in order to identify and analyse the appearance and spread of the cultural impacts affecting the Baden complex, their in-teraction with neighbouring cultures and, finally, their decline or transformation. Discussed here will be the archaeological cultures flourishing between 4200/4000 and 2200/2000 BC, from the late phase of the Middle Copper Age to its end (3600 BC), the Late Copper Age (ending in 2800 BC), the transi-tion between the Copper Age and the Bronze Age (ending in 2600 BC), and the Early Bronze Age 1–3 (ending in 2000 BC), which I have termed the Age of Transformation.
Fonó és Kisgyalán községek gazdasági épületeiben alkalmazott tartástechnológiai eljárások változása a 20. század második felében
Authors: Lanszkiné Széles Gabriella
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to compare agricultural buildings and their economic role in two neighbouring villages of Outer-somogy; Fonó and kisgyalán. i analyzed how the function of these buildings altered within the branches of ani-mal husbandry, during joint management and after the change of regime. breeding technology employed in barns, feed stor-age strategies in sheds, corn-cribs and attics were also de-scribed based on reminiscences. The changes in economic conditions facilitated building economic-necessity structures in some cases. in addition, the effects of changing attitude of peasants due to lifestyle modification were also highlighted based on examples such as sleeping in the barn.
Interfacial Water Many-body Effects Drive Structural Dynamics and Allosteric interactions in SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Dimerization Interface
Authors: El Ahdab Dina , Lagardère Louis , Jaffrelot Inizan Theo , Célerse Frédéric , Liu Chengwen , Adjoua Olivier , Jolly Luc-Henri , Gresh Nohad , Hobaika Zeina , Ren Pengyu , G. Maroun Richard , Piquemal Jean-Philip
Published: May 2021

Following our previous work (Chem. Sci., 2021, 12, 4889 – 4907), we study the structural dynamics of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease dimerization interface (apo dimer) by means of microsecond adaptive sampling molecular dynamics simulations (50 microseconds) using the AMOEBA polarizable force field (PFF). This interface is structured by a complex H-bond network that is only stable at physiological pH. Structural correlations analysis between its residues and the catalytic site confirms the presence of a buried allosteric site. However, noticeable differences in allosteric connectivity are observed between PFFs and non-PFFs. Interfacial polarizable water molecules are shown to appear at the heart of this discrepancy, since they are connected to the global interface H-bond network and able to adapt their dipole moment (and dynamics) to their diverse local physico-chemical micro-environments. The water-interface many-body interactions appear to drive the interface volume fluctuations and to therefore mediate the allosteric interactions with the catalytic cavity.
Actual treatment options for locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ignatova Anastasia V.
Published: May 2021

Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), is the second most frequent type of skin cancer, and its incidence continues to rise all over the world. Usually has a benign clinical behavior, but it can be presented as locally invasive and metastatic aggressive tumor with 2% mortality rate. Nowadays, new risk factors for have appeared, that form pharmacologically-induced CSCC after immunosuppressant drugs used for organ transplantation, or BRAF inhibitors used for melanoma. In recent years we have got a new information about the role of mutational burden, signaling pathways involved in CSCC development and new possibilities and molecules for targeted therapy. Better understanding of the immune system functioning and benefits of immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (PD-1) for CSCC that has changed the therapeutic approach. According to recent clinical trials data, new treatment options with PD-1 inhibitors achieved a response rate of 50% for locally advanced CSCC and 47% for metastatic CSCC, including 16.1% complete remissions. This review focuses on the molecular profile, targeted therapies and immunotherapy for locally advanced and metastatic CSCC.