bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public-Private Partnership with reference to the experience of Saudi Arabia Kingdom
Authors: Halloufi Sofiane
Published: June 2023

This study aims to shed light on the increasing importance of the public-private partnership in the Saudi Arabia Kingdom, and the growing of available opportunities to attract private investments for many sectors such as aviation, water and port management, as well as clarifying challenges and obstacles of this type of contracting, and requirements for the successful partnership between public and private sectors in order to clarify and crystallize requirements and foundations of the real partnership between them in setting economic policies in order to advance the Saudi economy and achieve the desired economic development in the Kingdom’s Vision 2030. The study concluded that the partnership between public and private sectors, if it has the right structure, can be developed successfully, that’s what has been proved by the actual progress made by the Kingdom by opening new sectors and reforming laws and regulations, which led to an increase interest in partnership projects between the public sector and the private one. Thus, it will contribute to an increase number of partnership projects in the coming years with international, regional and local partners.
The Effect of Electronic Marketing on International Trade: case study on Algerian International Companies
Authors: Boussalem Aboubaker
Published: June 2023

This study investigates the influence of e-marketing mix components on the success of international firms in Algeria, as well as the relationship between e-marketing mix parts and individual performance. First, A model was built and hypotheses were supplied to meet the study's objectives. A standardized questionnaire prepared expressly for this study was used to collect data from Algerian enterprises' marketing and management teams. A Multiple regression study revealed that e-marketing mix elements have a significant influence on business performance. Simple regression analysis revealed that each component of the e-marketing mix has a significant influence on the performance of international companies doing business in Algeria. Also, The elements of the e-marketing mix (promotion, product, location, and pricing) were shown to have a positive influence on the operations of international companies operating in Algeria. Therefore, Algerian companies are advised to apply this technology in their international market to cope with the international advancement in technology and the internet. Finally, research conclusions, results, and recommendations are outlined
The Extent of Using E-Integrated Marketing Communication and its Effect on Algerian Tourism: Case Study on Algerian Tourism Agencies
Authors: Said Rabhi , Ensaad Redouane
Published: June 2023

This study sought to investigate the usage profile of Electronic Integrated Marketing Communication (E-IMC) and its impact on the Performance of the Algerian tourism sector.  To accomplish so, the study examines the extent to which E-IMC has been used, as well as the level of awareness, internal and external hurdles, problems, and benefits of employing it in the context of touristic marketing performance. In addition, the study had to include the characteristics of touristic agencies in terms of type, job sector, number of employees, and export experience. A mixed-method approach was utilized to study these research concerns. Following a detailed literature analysis, a speculative model of tourist market performance was developed. A questionnaire was created and given to 111 tourism agencies as part of the study. A total of 39 questioners were collected, resulting in a 35% response rate.
The Role of Foreign Direct Investment in Economic Development: A Consideration of the Chinese Experience
Authors: Guerfi Omar
Published: June 2023

The study aims to highlight the importance of foreign direct investment in enhancing the country’s economic development. The work presents one of the world's leading experiences in this field, which is the Chinese experience. The purpose is to benefit from this experience and promote foreign and domestic direct investment that depends on innovation, especially in the light of the foundations and the qualifications that are available in the Arab countries, including Algeria, on the one hand, and the indicators that place them in late ranks in this field on the other hand. The study results showed that the level of creative capabilities and economic components that characterize China are great. Similarly, exploiting these components in foreign direct investment has a positive impact on fostering comprehensive economic development
Mechanisms of financing the fiscal deficit in Iraq - legal study
Authors: DikhiL Ahmed khelef housine
Published: June 2023

comThis research sheds light on the mechanisms adopted by the Iraqi government to finance the financial deficit it suffers from as a result of the irrational fiscal policy, and the significant effects that it entails, especially in the draft general budget law in the way it reached the House of Representatives, especially after the Iraqi government fell between two options. The first is the adoption of a severe austerity policy, while the second is to take a negative stance and go about things as agreed until a new government is elected and bears the burden of searching for a solution to the crisis, in addition to the challenges surrounding the adoption of alternative mechanisms, which makes it more difficult despite being better than the options presented. Not to mention the strange way to solve the crisis by adopting means to finance the deficit without looking for ways to reduce that deficit by reducing public expenditures
The Public-Private Partnership - The Malaysian Experience as a Model-
Authors: Benlagha Mohamed reda , Belmahdi Tarek
Published: June 2023

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is one of the most basic modern tools that contribute to the promotion and provision of the needs of its communities by providing quality services in the light of its increasing demands. This has led many countries to pay more attention to this trend in order to satisfy the needs of its citizens. This study aims to present the Malaysian experience in the field of partnership between the public and private sectors. The study concluded that the partnership between the public and private sectors in Malaysia is an effective model, and has great importance on the economic and social levels
The Role of Internal Auditor Reports in Reducing Financial Corruption and Rationalizing Public Expenditure in the Crises
Authors: Wahab Asaad mohamed ali , Henital zabidi Abass murad
Published: June 2023

The research aims to find scientific and professional solutions to rationalize public expenditure and reduce financial corruption in entities In the crises, a sample of internal auditors in government entities -Qadisiyah governorate, was selected and 150 questionnaires were distributed to them, 140 were retrieved from them and (5) forms were neglected. The two researches depended on (135) valid questionnaires for analysis, using relationships Correlation, simple linear regression, and (T) tests to prove hypotheses, and the research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which were: The existence of a correlation relationship between internal audit reports and the rationalization of capital expenditures. and current, and it was found that there is a significant direct correlation between them, as the correlation coefficient reached (0.947) with a significant level (P-Value = 0.000), which is less than the significant level (α = 0.05) specified for the test.
The Green Accounting Application as a strategic Mechanism In Sustainable Development Achievement: a field study on sample of accounting professionals
Authors: Bouderdja Ramzi , Lekhchine Abir
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to highlight the role of green accounting application, with its two pillars, environmental costs measurement and disclosure in sustainable development dimensions achievement (the economic, the social and the environmental dimension). To achieve the goal of the study, a questionnaires were distributed to a sample of accounting professionals (accountants, auditors, and university professors of accounting).where Green accounting is the method by which a judgment are made on economic institutions environment responsibility commitment extent by providing information about the costs incurred in this area, that it can considered like an effective system for environmental performance controlling . The results of this study revealed that There is a higher awareness of the importance of green accounting application in economic institutions by the members of the syudy. Also,there is a statistically significant effect of green accounting on sustainable development, where the finding show a positive correlation between the two variables, amounting 71%.
The Impact of Climate Change on Economic Growth in Africa: An Econometric Analysis
Authors: Rais Imen , Tahtane Mourad
Published: June 2023

African economics are characterized by strong economic dependency on sectors highly vulnerable to climate change that may make it more susceptible to climate change. This study aims to investigate the effect of climate change on both short and long-run economic growth in Africa using a panel of 34 selected African countries for the period of 1971–2019. The study relies on a dynamic panel model with a multifactor error structure; we estimate the model through the cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) and the cross-sectionally augmented distributed lag (CS-DL) approaches. We find clear evidence that climate change is negatively associated with economic growth in both the short and long-run. We establish that a rise in the mean temperature change with one degree would significantly reduce the real GDP per capita in Africa by 1.68% (2.45%) in the short-run (long-run), respectively
Conditioning of the Role Bank of Algeria to Activate Islamic Banking in Light of the Sudanese Experience
Authors: Berani Abd naser , Kassehi Mousa , Bouchair Kamel
Published: June 2023

The study aims to focus on the nature of the banking environment in which Islamic banks operating in Algeria, especially those related to their relationship with the central bank, which were formulated mainly according to the logic of work based on interest rate, which makes them the subject of many problems and challenges and limits their efficiency, which requires a review of the nature of the regulatory system in place and the orientation towards a dual regulatory system that takes into account the specificity of the work of Islamic banks by presenting the Sudanese experience to benefit from it.
Pro-Poor Growth in Algeria: a Statistical Approach
Authors: Bouakaz Iman , Bahri Amira
Published: June 2023

This research is concerned with studying the pro-poor growth by introducing the various theoretical approaches that addressed the pro-poor growth, and then analyzing the phenomenon of poverty and its most important characteristics in Algeria and determining the characteristics of disparity in the distribution of income in Algeria. The study also used few indicators to determine the extent to which growth favors the poor in Algeria. The most important findings of the study were that economic growth was modest in favorof the poor, and this favoritism was not the result of the fruits of economic growth, but rather as a result of the redistribution of income as a result of the expansion of public spending in Algeria, which depends on oil rents during the period 2000-2018
Algeria's Energy Security Problem between Domestic Consumption Demands and Production Constraints: what Role for Renewable Energies?
Authors: Khouazem Hamza
Published: June 2023

With the aim of diversifying energy sources and ensuring energy security, Algeria is developing renewable energies, providing an important asset of renewable energy sources from solar radiation, wind energy and other sources. In contrast, the Algerian Government's vision is based on a strategy centered on the valuation of inexhaustible natural resources, where it has shown great and growing interest in the field of renewable energy development, through the development of many laws and the launching of an ambitious program that enables it to produce electricity. In addition to entering into foreign partnerships to share experiences anddevelop renewable energies along the lines of projects programmed to the horizon of 2030, they build a strong economic structure that reflects positively on development, as one of the rich countries in these sources.In this study, we will try to highlight the role of renewable energies in achieving energy security in Algeria by presenting various concepts related to energy security, as well as by examining and analysing the reality of energy production and the evolution of its consumption in Algeria. Finally, the orientations of the national policy for the development of renewable energies and its future prospects are identified as a bet for achieving energy security in Algeria
The Reality of Takaful Insurance in Algeria: A Study of the Experience of the Salama Insurance Company in Algeria
Authors: Ahmed Boudeghdegh
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study is to present the reality of takaful insurance in Algeria, as it was addressed through Salama Insurance Company, which is considered the only one in Algeria so far. We have concluded that the application of Takaful insurance in Algeria faces many obstacles, the basis of which is the legal challenge that constitutes the biggest obstacle to the development of this industry, aswell as the traditional legal environment that often does not comply with Islamic Sharia regulations, as well as the weak efforts of the state in regulating the Takaful insurance industry, The failure to enact laws in line with its requirements, the weak technical and legal training of the human factor, the weak culture and insurance awareness of the Algerian public, all of which stand in the way of the development and growth of Takaful insurance
The Role of the Account Governor in the Validity and Credibility of Information in the Financial Statements: Case Study of the Cement Company, Ain El Kabira, scaek, Setif
Authors: Tebib Osama
Published: June 2023

The study aims to identify one of the most important independent functions that the institution resorts to uponcompletion of the preparation of its financial statements to give an honest and true picture of its financialstatements, which is carried out by the account keeper according to an organized methodology that begins by examining the accounts and numbers contained in the financial statements and ends with the recording A final report in which he expresses his opinion on the accuracy and reliability of the accounting information. The study concluded that the external audit function is the mirror that reflects the truthfulness of the information contained in the financial statements, and this function has been widely spread because of its positive impact on the decisions taken by the managers who depend primarily on the company’s financial statements, especially inlight of the adoption of the governance policy in management. This was reflected in the orientations of the cement company, Ain Al Kabeera
The Role of Strategic Vigilance in Improving the Quality Decision in Economic Institution:A Field Study with the Use of Path Analysis on Algerie Telecom Company
Authors: Sihamdi Imad , Belaachi Abd lmalek
Published: June 2023

This study aims to identify the role of strategic vigilance on improving quality decisions, through analyzing the relationship between intelligence dimensions (the foresight, system thinking, the future vision and motivation) and quality decisions, because the strategy vigilance becomes one of the most challenges to monitor information and conduct.it is very important and inevitable for the economic institutions especially the Algerian ones which face other competitive institutions. The Algerian institutions must become flexibleand adaptable constantly with update environment internal and external college necessity, In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the questionnaire was used as a main tool for collecting data on the study’s variables. The research used path analysis to analyses and test hypothesis. The study concluded that there is a relationship of impact and correlation between strategic vigilance with its dimensions and improving quality decisions.
The Impact of Market Orientation on Organizational Performance, the Mediating Role of Marketing Capabilities: An Exploratory Study on Hotel Establishments Operating in Mila
Authors: Boulesbaa Mahmoud
Published: June 2023

The study aimed to know the impact of market orientation on organizational performance and the role of marketing capabilities in this relationship. The study sample consisted of workers in hotel establishments in the city of Mila, namely (Milev Hotel, Salam Hotel and Red Carpet Hotel). A total of 69 questionnaires were distributed, and 64 questionnaires were retrieved, all of the questionnaires were valid for analysis. To achieve the objectives of the study and analyze the opinions of the sample members, the spss.v.26 program and the Process macro.v.4.1 matrix were used. The study concluded that there is an impact of market orientation on marketing capabilities and organizational performance, as well as an impact of marketing capabilities on organizational performance, and th at marketing capabilities achieve Partial mediation of the relationship between market orientation and organizational performance
Modeling the Impact of the Electronic Word of Mouth on Tourism Destination Choice using Structural Equations
Authors: Hadef Leila
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study is to clarify the impact of the electronic word of mouth on a tourism destination choice, And the second goal is to build a scale to measure E-WOM and make sure of its validity. to achieve these aims a model is proposed for measuring the impact of the dimensions of E-wom (credibility, quality, Exchange of information, people interaction) on tourism destination choice. The study concluded that E-WOM can be measured by its four dimensions that effect tourism destination choice. and found some of the recommendations was the most important concern to tourism and the services provided by it because customers leave their comments about the services they receive and the extreme importance of the E-WOM in the process of making the decision tourism destination.
Cloud Computing and its Role in Serving Finance and Business: Saudi Arabia's Experience
Authors: Bibi Walid , Tamrabet Zineb , Tagraret Yazid
Published: June 2023

The ICT sector has been leading the contemporary world to multiple worlds in various fields of development; it has become one of the main pillars of the progress and growth of countries. This study aims to know the definition of cloud computing technology, as one of the most prominent technologies used and influential in most areas, and the advantages of cloud computing and its applications on the world level and analysis of the size of the global market for cloud computing, which explains the growth rates and the size of the current and future market and economy. The study concluded that the legislation of policies, regulations and incentives based on the "cloud computing First" policy, which accelerated the adoption and adoption of cloud services for important Saudi companies and sectors, including: the health sector, the banking sector; the industrial sector; the restaurants and cafes sector; and the communications and information technology sector
The Impact of Organizational Support on the Psychological Capital of the Employees of the Sonatrach Company of Biskra
Authors: Boussekar Rabia , Zaoui Souria , Bahouri Nabil
Published: June 2023

The study aims to try to determine the impact of organizational support on the psychological capital of workers in the Sonatrach Company in Biskra.We focused on the analysis and were lied on the descriptive analytical approach which corresponds to the nature of the study, because it allows studying the subject in its theoretical and practical aspect in a very precise way. A questionnaire was distributed to a group of employees in the management of Sonatrach company in the department of Biskra (54 employees), and weachieved a set of field results, the most important of which is that organizational support explains 29.9% of changes in psychological capital
Adoption et utilisation des paiements électroniques en Algérie: étude empirique de la période (2016-2022)
Authors: IBEGHOUCHENE Saadia , MOKRANE Ali
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this article is to measure the degree of use of electronic payment in Algeria. To do so, we followed a theoretical and empirical approach of the different indicators of electronic payment in Algeria (online payment and payment on TPE) collected from data of GIE Monetics and SATIM. These statistics cover the annual electronic payment activity from 2016 to 2022. The results clearly indicate a considerable increase in the use of electronic payment methods by Algerian households and businesses, which demonstrates that the Algerian population is increasingly interested in electronic payments
Le rôle de la gestion des approvisionnements sur la performance du projet: Étude de cas d’un échantillon de projets de construction de la wilaya de Constantine
Authors: Razkallah Hanane , Bendjama Rachida
Published: June 2023

The project manager often seeks to identify methods that will help him get better performance from his project. As a contribution in this regard, this article reports a theoretical conceptual framework that illustrates the relationship between procurement management and project performance based on procurement stages such as planning, execution and the closure of the project in order to know what is the nature of relationship that may have existed between each stage of the procurement and the performance of the project. At the same time, an investigative process was adopted to shed light on the reality of this relationship in the construction projects of the city of Constantine. We arrived at several results, among them: despite the project managers respecting the axes of the project planning and archiving the information of the project during its closure for future use, most of the projects are not delivered within the planned deadlines, even the expenses that are spent to carry out the projects are not in accordance with the planned (planned) budget. This may be due to the absence of a control system that keeps track of the requirements and expectations of the customers agreed in the specifications.
Green Jobs in The European Union With Reference To a Set of Experiments [In Arabic]
Authors: Hazem Saida
Published: June 2023

This study aims to illustrate one of the sustainability outcome and adoption of the green economy, which is Green Jobs. We have tried to define this approach with an explanation of the most important differences between it and the rest of the job types, using the descriptive analytical approach.

The study also addressed the reality of green employment in European Union countries by presenting green work areas, support structures, thus we presented the development of this type of employment by figures, and we also presented a set of successful experiences in green employment in different regions of Europe which has allowed to achieve several positive results, including self-sufficiency.
Modeling by Using Linear First-Order Difference Equations and its Application in Economics
Authors: Rahim Brahim , Baghdoud Radhia
Published: June 2023

This research discusses the modeling by using linear difference equations that conclude to understand and explain different economic phenomena, we have divided this research into two parts, the first one focused in the Linear First-Order Difference Equations with Constant Coefficients with example like explaining the “Cobweb” model to study the relationship between supply & demand and Harrod model to study the relationship between national income and economic growth. As for the second one was about case study: entitled modeling the impact of government support on the budget balance in Algeria.

   We have founded that using modeling by using linear first-order difference equations with constant coefficients offers opportunities for the researchers in economics to model Economic phenomena in equations, and by trying to solve those equations to reach logic results, to eventually analyzingand explaining those results based on mathematical model.
Develop the Business Intelligence Based on knowledge Management Approach: Case Study of Telecom Operators in Algeria
Authors: Boudiaf Ilyes
Published: June 2023

We aim through this study mainly to measure the impact of knowledge management on Business intelligence through its factors. We have followed descriptive, inductive and experimental approaches. Where we have developed a model that shows the relationship between the variables and its impact (Knowledge management and Business intelligence). In this study we relied on structural dimensions as Leadership, cultivation; Technology, and process. This study was conducted on a sample of 153 individuals from 33 telecom agencies or commercial spaces in Algeria (8 WTA, 11 OTA, 14 AT), where the main results of this study showed the existence of a (strong - positive) correlation and effectiveness of Knowledge management and the Business intelligence.
Energy Security in Algeria: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Mohamed Drif Mokrani , Moudjari Redouane
Published: June 2023

Energy security has become one of the pillars of security concepts that have a scientific and practical dimension and one of the important variables that emerged in its status and role after the Cold War period. Energy security has become one of the important determinants that go into shaping the national security combination. We note that with the increasing pace of scientific and technological development and the advancement of industries, energy in its various forms has become an essential element in moving the wheels of international economies. The state authorities have come to attach the utmost importance to the issue of energy and the factors of the sustainability of its sources to ensure their energy security, and it has become clear that hydrocarbon-importing countries have a great dependence on exporting and producing countries.
The Impact of Economic Diversification on Economic Growth: Econometric Study Using Panel Data Model on the Arab Countries from 1999 to 2002
Authors: Bitat Selma , Djellit Tahar
Published: June 2023

This research aims to examine the relationship between economic diversification and economic growth by applying the panel data model to six oil and non-oil Arab countries: Algeria, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Tunisia and Morocco, Egypt during the period (1999-2020). The results of the study confirmed that the fixed effects model was the appropriate model to test this impact. Its results showed a positive impact between the economic diversification and growth variables and that the relative impact of the services sector was greater than that of industry and agriculture, while the joint integration results showed a lack of long-run relationship betweenthe variables in the model
Determinants of bank lending in Algerian commercial banks
Authors: Louaar L.
Published: June 2023

This research document aims to study the determinants of bank credit in Algerian commercial banks,using the autoregressive distributed lag(ARDL) and the annual data covering the period (1990-2021).Theresults of the econometric analysis revealed a positive and significant impact of the size of deposits, bank assets, growth rate of net foreign assets and growth rate of population density on economy loans for the long-term. In contrast, there was a positive and significant short-term effect only for the volume of deposits and the growth rate of net foreign assets on loans to the economy, With the absence of the effect of other variables.
Measuring Financial Reporting Quality in Private Banks: A Comparative Study Between Banks Adopted International Accounting Standards and Banks Adopted Local Accounting Standards
Authors: Ahmed dawed Samia , Ahmed ghareeb Reem
Published: June 2023

This research examines financial reporting quality in the banking sector of developing countries. through testing whether managers manipulate estimated components of Loan Loss Provision (LLP). And since accounting estimation process depends on professional judgment and flexibility granted by accounting standards. This research hypothesizes that the adoption of international accounting standards improves financial reporting quality in developing countries by limiting earnings management behavior. However, theresults showed that financial reports based on local accounting standards are better than financial reports based on international accounting standards. The findings were discussed. Some recommendations and suggestions were provided
The impact of organizational culture on the emergence of informal organization in the organization: Case study of the Algerian Company for Industrial Equipment and Machinery ALEMO
Authors: Djemoui Fatimazohra
Published: June 2023

This study aims to highlight the reality of informal organization in light of the prevailing organizational culture in the organization, where groupings and relationships arise within the formal organization to alleviate the pressures of the latter. In order to reveal the reality of the impact of organizational culture on the emergence and spread of informal organization, a questionnaire was prepared for a sample of workers (75 workers) in the Algerian Company for Industrial Equipment and Machinery ALEMO in Oued HmeimimEl Kharoub, Constantine Province. Where we reached a set of results, the most important of which are: the existence of an average level of organizational culture at the level of the Algerian Company for Industrial Equipment and Machinery ALEMO, and an average level of informal organization, with a direct correlation between the two variables.
Traditional and craft industries as a strategy to support the green economy in Algeria
Authors: Messaoudi Dalila
Published: June 2023

The study aims to highlight the role of traditional industries as a strategy to support the green economy in Algeria, as it is one of the most prominent clean and environmentally friendly industries, uses raw materials from sustainable natural materials, contributes to providing job opportunities and reducing unemployment. The study relied on the analytical descriptive approach to reveal the reality of traditional industries and the green economy in Algeria. The study showed that this sector suffers from problems, the most prominent of which is the marketing of traditional products and the abandonment of young people to work in traditional industries, where the number of workers in this sector decreased from 70,305 in 2018 to 57,792 in 2021. That must be found solutions to achieve the transformation of the green economy.
Analyzing and measuring the impact of monetary policy on the economic growth of the Algerian economy during the period (1990-2020)
Authors: Doudane Hanene
Published: June 2023

This research aims to analyze and measure monetary policy on the rate of economic growth through a set of independent variables during the period (1990-2020). We have dealt with the theoretical framework of the study and an analysis of the most important developments and monetary tools, as well as the econometric study based on Granger's causality model and estimating the model's coefficients using the VAR model and conducting the appropriate statistical tests. The study concluded that there is a causal relationship in only one direction between the growth of the gross domestic product (GDP) and the changes in exchange rates in Algeria during the study period, while there is no causal relationship from the money supply to economic growth, due to the limited impact of monetary policy on the Algerian economy, As well as the nature of the Algerian economy, which remains linked to the extent of improvement in fuel prices in international markets during the study period.
Mobile Banking during the COVID-19 Pandemic from Customers' Perspective: A Survey Study for Customers of Banks Operating in the City of Taif
Authors: Elmatiri Djawhara Khalid samrane
Published: June 2023

The study aimed to identify the impact of electronic banking and mobile services dimensions during the Corona pandemic on customers who deal with banks operating in Taif. Know the effect of phone banking during Corona on customer behaviour. The results of the study showed that it found through the analysis that the use of mobile banking services does not require a lot of thinking effort, that it cannot be frustrating, and that mobile banking services are not a difficult way to accomplish banking transactions. It was also found that mobile banking services fit the way the surveyed groups wanted to control their banking movements. Most of them used mobile banking services because they were accustomed to completing all their tasks through their mobile banking during the pandemic
Problems of preparing the real estate book for public waqf properties
Authors: Addid Amina
Published: June 2023

The neglect of public endowment properties before and after independence has had a major impact on the continuity of use of these endowments. Most of the waqf properties have been destroyed ,especially real estate,This is due to its obsolescence and lack of maintenance as most of its documemts and contracts have been lost ,This led to the search for legal mechanics to ensure the recovery and protection of all public waqf properties and their reactivation in order to play their role .

     Achieving the desired objectives of waqf properties in general and real estate in particular will only be achieved if these properties are surrounded by legal means to protect them, especially in relation to the settlement of the status of bonds and official documents that are attached to these public endowment properties ,first and foremost speeding up the process of preparing real estate books .
The problem of Coherence Between higher Education Policy and Employment Policy in Algeria
Authors: Bouatrouse Dalale
Published: June 2023

Higher education in Algeria is suffering from many problems which damage the image of the Algerian university, but the most important one is the wide gap between the university outputs and the needs of the market labor. The cause of the latter is the lack of coherence between higher education institutions and the labor market. So, the main objective of this study is to show the importance of the coherence between higher education policy and employment policy in Algeria, especially with the emergence of graduates’ unemployment. Because of the absence of harmony between higher education outputs and the needs of labor the market, the Algerian public authorities have adopted several policies to solve this problem.
The Reality of Liquidity in Islamic Banks: A Case Study of a Sample of Islamic Banks Operating in the UAE Banking Sector during The Period (2009-2014)
Authors: DIFE YASSSINE
Published: June 2023

Le but de cet article est de présenter la situation réelle de la liquidité dansles banques islamiques, l'étude comprenait un échantillon de quatre banquesislamiques qui travaillent au secteur bancaire des Emirats Arabes Unis, pendantla période de 2009 jusqu'à 2014.A travers cette étude, des statistiques descriptives des données ont été réalisée etrecueillies à partir des rapports annuels de ces banques pendant toute la périoded'étude, lorsque le calcul et l'analyse des sept ratios de liquidité afin d'atteindreles objectifs souhaités.L'étude a révélé que: Il y’a un grand excédent de liquidité de la banqueislamique d'Emirats et la banque islamique de Sharjah contrairement au banqueislamique de Dubaï et banque islamique d'Abu Dhabi. Cela reflète la capacité -de ces deux dernières banques- de contrôler et maîtriser la liquidité et aussil’investissement rationnel de leurs ressources.
Promoting The Tourism Sector as a Tool to Achieving The Local Development In Mila City
Authors: SADIKI SOUADE
Published: June 2023

The tourism sector is the most important sectors of the moment ,due to theachievements of the great financial returns and they have a key role in thenational economic and social development and local, is a strategic alternative tomove from dependence on sources of depleted wealth ,and they also contribute toalleviate a lot of economic problems, and that is seeking to use them to promoteits economy and achieve regional balance ;with decoding the isolation of thedifferent mandates and openness to each other for the sake of development, andthe state of Mila among states that have huge tourist resources can be used tomake the further operation of various economic activities and increase revenuesand job creation benefits all members of society and thus participate in localdevelopment of the state.
Memory of the Sacred Place: A Reading of “A Return to Qudos” by Hania Lalla Razika
Authors: AHKOU SAMIA
Published: June 2023

The return to the place « Qudos », establishes the Arab identity andthe spirit of belonging to the Palestinian cause which ignited poeticimagination and made resistance a clever act. It summarized theintellectual dimension which moves the confession ground. And itdecorates the poem by containing historic data and the eradication ofthe Zionist state from the body of the nation and its symbolic death,though only on paper as an alternative which realizes psychological andspiritual balance. It also enlarges the circle of touch between the selfand its Arab identity. Hence, the issue of coming back has come as is acentral one in poetry, because it treats the Palestinian cause summarizedin the Qudos issue.
War Neurosis and the Violence of Language and Form in the Terrorist Novel: A case Study of Wassini Al Araj
Authors: BADI ABDESLAME
Published: June 2023

To what extent can language symbolically reflect the violence of theblack decade? How does the narrative text translate this violence fromthe language of reality to fictional language, and then to the language offormulation? What are the features of the structural form of violence inthe narrative text of the terrorist novel ?Does psychoanalysis view thisartistic violence as one of the symptoms of war neurosis?This study tries to answer the questions above by relying on a semioticphenomenological approach to Wassini Al- Araj’s terrorist novel.
Zaid ibn Haritha story in the Qur'an between the construction of narrative and knowledge systemic 
Authors: BEN SAGHRI ZOUBIRE
Published: June 2023

A lot of studies appeared which are interested of Koran text languageon all voice and semantic and syntactic levels, lexical and rhetorical andevery feature, including mowing the Quranic that appeared as a cognitiveand linguistic in most of the verses of the Qur'an in the lengths and clipsnarrative different from the ferry and the reference to the full buildingstories. We'll give importance the relationship of narrative forms ofknowledge; that is why the revealed knowledge of God in this formnarrative was inflicted in the form of abstract, direct and simple terms, isthe content of cognitive story differs from other linguistic forms of directspeech and dialogue and story, this cognitive pattern was repeated in allthe heavenly texts.In addition to the above Does God Almighty reference to some texts bythe shear sufficient indication that the story in the Koran is literary or isit a historical drop of human knowledge on those language features
Trauma and Creative Writing in the Light of Psychoanalytical Criticism
Authors: Bellour Leila
Published: June 2023

With the rise of psychoanalytic criticism, the relationship between theauthor and his work has become one of the major fields of research. Thisarticle demonstrates the interplay between the author’s trauma and hisartistic sensibility. Far from being an autotelic artifact, the literary textprovides a kind of therapy, which brings solace to a writer, who ispsychically wretched. The traumatic times and the shattering andbaffling experiences in the author’s life sometimes have an impact on hispsychological equilibrium. Hence, the author vents his pent-up feelingsto experience a sense of catharsis. The paper relies on the recentpsychoanalytical trends to evince the relationship between the author’strauma and his literary work.
Proximity programs for integrated rural development, and its role in moving the local development programs case study of Mila city (2009-2014)
Authors: HAREGE MASBAH
Published: June 2023

This study sought to the role of the proximity programs for integrated ruraldevelopment, to moving and promoting the local development in rural spaces ofMila city during the period (2009-2014), for that we have tried to limiting thevarious economic and social effects that can made it by these programs in field,then analyzed depending on a number of indicators. Where it show us later thepositive of these programs and its field importance for the inhabitants of ruralareas, and highlights through the installation of the population and the stabilityof the rural community as a result of improving living conditions for them (theprovision of housing, open roads and pathways, remedy, teaching, security ...)something that individuals were allowed to return to earth service, it has led to aboom in family agriculture (animal husbandry, cultivation of fruits, localsymbols ...), and reflected positively on the lives of individuals through improvedincomes. However, this local dynamic source proximity programs remainhampered by some of the obstacles that limit their advantages, and perhaps themost important of which is twice the percentage of completion of programs andtherefore call on the need to involve the real integration of the various sectors,funding and implementation of them, with the censor effective in this area by thecompetent local authorities.
Professional Pressures and its Relationship with job Satisfaction among Counselors of Guidance and School Counseling Working in Secondary Education Institutions -A Field Study in WILIYA of Setif and Mila
Authors: Mahmoud Smayli
Published: June 2023

Cette étude vise à connaitre la relation qui existe entre les pressionsprofessionnelles et la satisfaction fonctionnelle chez les conseillersd’orientation scolaire et professionnelle dans les lycées.C’est une étude qui a été réalisé sur un groupe de 120 conseillers exerçantdans les lycées des wilayas de Sétif et Mila, elle s’est basée sur desméthodes soumises à des mesures techniques pour la confirmation et lacrédibilité qui est le questionnaire.Les résultats de cette étude ont abouti à l’existence d’un niveau élevé despressions professionnelles chez les conseillers d’orientationessentiellement au niveau des revenus. Il nous apparus d’après lesrésultats la présence effective d’une relation négative entre les pressionsprofessionnelles et la satisfaction fonctionnelle
The violence of language and the language of violence : A Search for origins and a correction of concepts
Authors: Manadi Mouhamed el habib
Published: June 2023

This study is a part of the investigations into verbal violence. It aims atdiscussing the violence of language to see how words turn into bashes,language into shots, and the threads of speech into an ambush. The studyseeks to answer the following question: is our Arabic language violent?How is violence manifested in our language? What are its causes andeffects?The motivation for these questions is what constitutes the assets of theArabic language. One of the meanings of “syntax”, for instance, is“obscenity”, and one of the meanings of “speech” is “hurt. Grammarbooks never tire of giving examples such as:" Zaid hits Amr " and“Khaled kills Said”.This study also tackes the effect of violence on our Arabic language. Itcorrects some misunderstandings of Quranic terminology, such as: «alshahadah"(martyrdom) and «al-tafjeer" (infidel), which now constitutethe image of Muslim and Arab on television and in the newspapers.Words like “cutting necks”, “dragging corpses”, “women captivity”, andthe “bombing of buildings” and other manifestations of violence are whatdefine the terms (Arab) or (Muslims) for the (Other). We shall evince that(explosion) and (martyrdom) do not have any relation with the meaningof (violence). The paper shows some aspects of linguistic violence in ourpopular culture, and we end with an invitation for (peace) and how todevelop our linguistic discourse so that our language will evolve from the(discourse of power) into the (power of discourse) and from the (violenceof language) into the( benefit of language). That is why we have chosenthe title above.
Manifestations of Violence in the Arabic poetry of Enthusiasm: A case Study of Abu Ubeidah’s “The Days of Arabs”
Authors: Chouiyat Abdelazzize
Published: June 2023

Verbal violence was linked to physical violence in the old Arab life,and it was concomitant with it in their Bedouin life. The more Arabs werecloser to the Bedouin life, the more they were violent. Physical violencereflects verbal violence in the same way a mirror reflects one’s face. Thatis why the pre-Islamic Arab environment, which is characterized bynomadism, was the arena of both physical and verbal violence. We cansee this in Abu Ubeidah’s « The Book of the Days of Arabs », where hetalks about the Arab wars in the pre-Islamic literature- poetry and prosethataccompanied and described them. He uses verbal violence whichsuits the tales of actual violence, including the fierce wars that shaped thePre-Islamic Arab life.
The impact of service quality on customer satisfaction The case study of urban transport services in Mila city
Authors: Agoun Charafe
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the impact of the urban transport servicesquality through its dimensions: " service offering, ease of access,information, appointments (duration), customer care, welfare (comfort),security.", On customer satisfaction. The study found a significant impactof the urban transport services quality on customer satisfaction, and thepresence of significant effect for only three dimensions: security, serviceoffering, appointments (duration), on customer satisfaction
Repercussion of corporate governance on the financial market
Authors: Rachame Kahina
Published: June 2023

The crises, collapses and scandals that institutions and economiesexperienced, especially after the collapse of the largest auditing companyin the word who led to bankruptcy and effected several global financialmarkets, have contributed in the appearance of a new concept which isthe Corporate Governance, this last that constitutes an adequate solutionin order to increase the faith in the majority of transactions insidefinancial markets, especially after the appearance of misguidance infinancial audit reports, in order to increase the importance of controlsystems and the accountancy inside the institutions that entered intofinancial markets.The corporate governance acts to augment the credibility of theaccounting data especially that nowadays, the world focuses on directtypes of financing, by relying on financial markets, especially after theincrease of creating and adopting big projects and reaching the stage ofefficient financial markets to finance the existing investments