bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Elements in Soil
Authors: Meng Zhao Hong , Zheng Yuan Fu , Xiao Hai Feng
Published: January 2011

In order to assess the risk of heavy metal elements, including mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium, copper and zinc in soil, the soil was tested by Nemerow and Hakanson methods to assess the pollution and potentially ecological risk. The results indicated that among six kinds of heavy mental elements, cadmium had the highest accumulation, lead and chromium had the lowest accumulation in urban topsoil by comparison to the background concentration of the second grade standard values of the Chinese environmental quality standards for soil. The pollution degree of heavy metals used by Nemerow methods was showed medium pollution in one-third sample sites and the others were slight. The potentially ecological risk was slight. The degree of heavy metal pollution and the potentially ecological risk were slight using the two methods.
The Biomass of Phragmites australis and Influencing Factors Analysis in Zha Long Wetland
Authors: Shu Zhan , Di Xue Ying , Huang Hui
Published: January 2011

Phragmites australis are the typical vegetation in Zha Long National Natural Reserve. From August 10 to August 21st in 2006, we chose 60 quadrats in 15 sample sites, investigated the reed biomass, height, diameter, water nitrogen and phosphorus concentration. The results are as follow: 1) the average biomass of Phragmites australis models is 2858g•m-2 and the biomass between 15 sample sites is from 2029.0 to 4067.4 g•m-2; 2) the moisture content of Phragmites australis is from 42.95% to 64.95%. The average height of Phragmites australis is 272.47cm, and the average diameter of Phragmites australis is 0.51cm; 3) the NP weight ratio in each sample site concentrate from 9.18 to 15.79. Nitrogen is the most important limiting factor in Phragmites australis vegetation growing while phosphorus is not the limiting factor; 4) the Phragmites australis biomass is restricted by many factors especially water depth and water nitrogen concentration. But the phosphorus concentration in water has irrelativeness with Phragmites australis biomass.
GC-MS Analysis of Chemical Composition and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Elaeagnus angustifolia Bark
Authors: Si Chuan Ling , Qin Pan Pan , Lu Yi Yuan , Wu Lei , Wang Hai Hua , Hui Lan Feng , Liu Zhong , Ni Yong Hao
Published: January 2011

Elaeagnus angustifolia L., a hardwood species in the family of Elaeagnaceae, has long been used as part of traditional medicines to treat various diseases. However, limited study is available on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of E. angustifolia bark. In this study, we undertook a phytochemical investigation of E. angustifolia bark by gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. And antioxidant activity of the crude and following soluble fractions of E. angustifolia bark was evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. GC-MS investigation of 95% EtOH crude extracts from E. angustifolia bark detected 40 compounds, and DPPH free radical scavenging assay indicated that the bark EtOAc and BuOH soluble fractions exhibited significant antioxidant potential (IC50 values of 12.1 and 12.4 µg/ml, respectively) comparing with α-tocopherol and BHT (IC50 values 12.3 and 13.8 µg/ml, respectively), which were used as positive controls.
Study on Antioxidant Activity of Dihydromyricetin-Zinc(II) Complex
Authors: Wu Chun , Zheng Xin Ping , Chen Lin Lin
Published: January 2011

Dihydromyricetin-zinc(II) complex was synthesized. The scavenging activity of DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and alkane radical by dihydromyricetin-zinc(II) complex were determine, moreover compared with Vc. The results showed that dihydromyricetin-zinc(II) complex possessed strong scavenging activities on DPPH•, hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and alkane radical with correspounding maximum scavenging rate 74%, 70% , 65% and 50% at the concentration from 0.1 mmol/L to 0.5 mmol/L, respectively, which were higher than Vc. These results suggested that dihydromyricetin-zinc(II) complex would be an effective free radical scavenger.
Theoretical Formation Model of Dioxin in Iron Ore Sintering Process
Authors: Long Hong Ming , Li Jia Xin , Tang Guang Wu
Published: January 2011

Dioxin is the unintentional synthesized extreme toxic Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in the sintering process. The process of dioxin’s formation and decomposition in the sintering bed layer, as well as the reaction mechanism and related theoretical model of different temperature sector were expounded in this paper. The correlated research indicated that: in the low temperature sector (200-500°C), chlorobenzene and chlorphenol are the representation precursors of dioxin’s precursors catalytic reaction, the dioxin formed in this temperature sector cased by the “de novo” under catalyst (like Cu2+) on the surface of smoke particles, its catalytic mechanism of the same phases and heterogeneous all satisfied the four-step reaction model; high-temperature gas phase reaction mechanism of dioxin satisfied the first-order kinetic model, the formation of gas related with suitable precursors, it is the result of chlorinated precursors’ pyrolytic rearrangement like chlorobenzene and chlorophenol in the temperature sector 500-800°C in the gas.
Preliminary Study on Extracting Technique and Biological Activity of Fucoidin in Undaria pinnatifida
Authors: Ji Yu Bin , Yang Bo
Published: January 2011

To investigate extracting technique and potential biological activity of fucoidin in Undaria pinnatifid, a kind of marine organisms. Factors such as solid-liquid ratio (times), time of extraction (min) and temperature of extraction (°C) were chosen to be investigated to examine the best extracting technique. 50 mice were randomed to negative comparison group, positive comparison group and experiment groups. Mice were inoculated tumor stock S180. The negative comparison group were administrated with physiological saline, positive comparison group administrated with astragalus polyose(50mg/(kg•d)), and experiment groups administrated with fucoidin(100mg/(kg•d), 50mg/(kg•d), 25mg/(kg•d)). The tumors were peeled and weighted after 7 days. The best extracting condition is definite to be 100 °C, 60 times of water and 7h. The content of fucoidin in Undaria pinnatifida is 55.4％ after preliminary purification. The tumor inhibition rate of experiment groups are 56.19%, 65.71% and 30.48%. The results of investigation on orthogonal experiments are reliable. And fucoidin in Undaria pinnatifida has certain antitumor effect.
Improvement of Anaerobic Operation and Isolation Culture on Hydrogen-Producing and Fermentative Bacteria
Authors: Li Yong Feng , Yang Jian Yu , Pan Xin Yu , Zhang Jing Wei , Han Wei
Published: January 2011

Isolation and culture of hydrogen-producing and fermentative bacteria is an important foundation on biohydrogen production process. There are complicated operation and composition in present anaerobic techniques and culture media. Hungate technique was improved and plate of culture bottle was established by comparing anaerobic methods and bacterium growth. Isolation and enrichment culture media were confirmed by the test of different composition and the species and amount of hydrogen-producing and fermentative bacterium. 550 bacterium strains were isolated by the anaerobic operation.
The Determination of Nitrate Reductase Activity of Leaves to the Dominant Species in Forest Community of Northern Aspect of Changbai Mountains
Authors: Li Yu Wen , Wu Yun Jie
Published: January 2011

This paper addresses the application of improvement in vivo of traditional method for determination of nitrate reductase (NR) activity of leaves to dominant tree species in forest community of northern aspect of Changbai Mountains. It describes the NR activity of tree species related to the shade-endurance and shows that the intolerance tree species has higher NR activity. The NR of a species is also related to the ecological situation of the sites. Tree species with higher NR activities should be selected for breeding of fast growing and high yield tree species.
Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil from Amomum Tsao-Ko Cultivated in Yunnan Area
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Peng Jun , Shigematsu Masami , Lu Zhan Guo
Published: January 2011

The essential oil (1.83% yield, w/w) of Amomum tsao-ko was obtained by hydrodistillation method in Clevenger apparatus. 38 constituents were detected in essential oil of Amomum tsao-ko by GC-MS analysis. 32 compounds representing 98.393% were identified, of which 1,8-cineole (40.891%), α-phellandrene (9.769%), 4-propyl-benzaldehyde (6.988%), and (E)-citral (4.949%) were major compounds. In particular, 1,8-cineole (48.03%) was quantified accurately by GC-FID using external standard method. As a reference to penicillin sodium, antibacterial activity of the essential oil and 1,8-cineole were evaluated against the bacteria and fungi using agar disc diffusion respectively. The order of antimicrobial activitiy of the essential oil against the bacteria was as follows: Bacillus subtilis.> Staphylicoccus albus.> Escherichia coli. The order of antimicrobial activity of the essential oil against the fungi was: Aspergillus oryzae> Rhizopus sp.> Penicillium sp.The 1,8-cineole showed weak inhibiting effect to the bacteria and ineffective against the fungi.
Chemical Composition of Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil from Monarda citriodora Flowers
Authors: Lu Zhan Guo , Li Xiu Hui , Li Wei
Published: January 2011

The essential oil (yield 1.46%, w/w) of Monarda citriodora flowers obtained by hydrodistillation was analysed by GC-MS, Totally 30 constituents were detected. 26 compounds representing 97.23% were identified, of which thymol (44.599%), 1,8-cineole (23.613%), α-phellandrene (4.815%) and β-cymene (4.019%) were major compounds. Thus, the monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were the predominant portions of the oil. Antibacterial ability of Monarda citriodora essential oil was tested by disc agar diffusion against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylicoccus albus. Antibacterial properties were compared to penicillin. Higher antibacterial activity was observed.
Biosynthesis of Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate as New Material of Food Packing by Various Strains of Methanotrophs from Methane
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Xin Jia Ying , Chen Lin Lin , Wang Yan
Published: January 2011

Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a kind of polyesters. Due to its biodegradability and other extraordinary properties, PHB could be ideal material for use in medicine, pharmacy, food packaging and agriculture. Of the possible carbon sources, methane could be proved to be one of the most suitable substrates to the production of PHB. The experiment is about a serious of studies that methanotrophic strain IMV M3011 、M3021、and GYJ3 use methane as carbon to accumulate PHB, and their cell growth and PHB accumulation are studied. The capacity of producing PHB about three kinds of Methanotrophic strains is compared. As a result, methanotrophic strain IMV M3011 has a highest capcity to growth at 144h, the biomass of the cell is 1.22g/L, the secondly is M3021, and the GYJ3 is lowest, and methanotrophic strain IMV M3011 also has a highest capcity to produce PHB, PHB content is 16.94%, the secondly is M3021, The GYJ3 is lowest.
The Nutrition Evaluation of Pumpkin and its Effect to Rheology of Paste
Authors: Zhang Na , Guo Qing Qi
Published: January 2011

The pumpkin powder was manufacture from pumpkin, and the composition of pumpkin powder was determined. The result showed that it was abundant composition of nutrition. There was 4.09g fat, 21.06g fibre, 301.57mg calcium in 100g pumpkin powder. The pumpkin powder was low in fat and high in calcium. It was an ideal food of diabetes patients, cardiovascular disease patients and old man. The Pumpkin powders added with 1% to 8% were selected to add into the flours for the preparation of bread dough. Farinographical examination and stretch examination were carried out. The results show that when the addition of pumpkin powder increased from 1% to 5%, the indicators decreased slowly, of which the water absorption of dough decreased 3%, form time of dough was shorten with 1.1min, stability time of dough was shorten with 2.3min, the evaluation value decreased by 5, dough extensibility decreased by 29, tensile resistance decreased 19 B.U, a decrease of the tensile curve area 10cm2, the maximum tensile strength decreased by 28, degree of softening increased 15F.U., the flour could obtain favorable capability of process to bread.
Overexpression of TrxA::BjMT2 (Thioredoxin::Metallothionein Type 2 from Brassica juncea) Fusion Protein in Escherichia coli and In Vitro Cleavage by TEV Protease
Authors: Song Yu Zhen , Li Ping Ping , Du Ye Jie
Published: January 2011

BjMT2 cDNA clone gene isolated from Brassica juncea was constructed in pETM-20 and expressed in E.coli as a TrxA::BjMT2 fusion protein. After affinity chromatography and cleavage from the TrxA domain, pure BjMT2 protein was obtained which strongly reacted with the thiol reagent monobromobimane. The amino acid sequence determined by mass spectrograph revealed the polypeptide contains 80 amino acids and is full of 8 and 6 cysteines with CC, CXC and C-XX-C motifs clustered near -N and -C terminus, respectively.
Adsorption and Decoloration of Nitroso Dye Based on Eggshell Membrane
Authors: Liu Ning , Liu Tao
Published: January 2011

Eggshell membrane is a natural biomaterial with macropores lattice and high surface area. The bio-sorption and decolorization of organic dye eosin B was investigated based on eggshell membrane. The effect of adsorption time, pH value and temperature of eggshell membrane on the decolorization of eosin B was studied. Time for adsorption to reach equilibrium is 100 min. Optimum pH value is 2.0 for the adsorption. And the amount of dye removed by egg shell membrane was increasing as temperature ascending. At room temperature and optimum conditions, 95% of eosin B could be removed and maximum adsorption of 40.9 mg/g had been achieved. The adsorption behavior of eggshell membrane towards eosin B fit well with Freundlich isotherm.
Kinematics Modeling on CFRP Curved Part Ultrasonic Test
Authors: Li Ling , Miao Yun Jiang , Wang Zhong Bin , Li Xiong Bing
Published: January 2011

Aimed at inner flaw in CFRP（carbon fiber reinforced plastic）curved part, build the ultrasonic test technological process. Based on five-freedom CFRP curved part robot, the mechanics structure model is set up. And then, by basic principle of robot kinematics, the kinematics equation of five-freedom ultrasonic test system is derived. Finally, through solving the direct root and converse root, the mathematics relation expression between the movement variable of servo motors and ultrasonic probe coordinate is obtained.
Study on Global Stability of Mono-Overhanging Steel Beam
Authors: Li Kun , Yu Ling
Published: January 2011

The primary objective of this paper is to put forward a recommended equivalent calculated length coefficient for global stability analysis of the mono-overhanging steel beam applied widely in the steel building construction. The formulas of the total potential energy of the mono-overhanging beam are deduced firstly. Then the formula of the critical moment of the global stability of the mono-overhanging beam is obtained. By introducing the equivalent calculated length coefficient of the global stability and finding out the major factors which affected it, the formula of the coefficient is deduced. This formula includes two kinds of load acted on different position and it can make the global stability analysis of the mono-overhanging steel beam more convenient.
Reliability Model Analysis and Design of the Access Controller Circuit
Authors: Sun Hong
Published: January 2011

Access control system is an important part of the prison security. The stable operation of access controller is the premise of reliable work of an access control system. For this reason, reliability model in series and reliability principle of access controller circuit design are firstly analyzed. In additional,,access control system hardware circuit is designed., including part of the reliability circuit of processor modules, memory modules, I/O modules, other unit module. Experimental results show that designed access control system can reliably and correctly work.
A Security Localization Method in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Chen Xue Dong , Peng Bao
Published: January 2011

In this paper, we address wireless sensor network localization problems that have high reliability in an environment where physical node destruction is possible. We propose a range-independent location algorithm called security location based on genetic algorithm (GASL) that allows sensors to passively determine their location with high reliability, without increasing the number of reference points, or the complexity of the hardware of each reference point or node. In GASL, sensors determine their location based on the optimization of select function by the reliability by aim at some reference point process location compute confirm and remainder energy and distance of node to reference point. By combining the communication range constraints imposed by the physical medium with computationally efficient cryptographic primitives that secure the beacon transmissions. We show that GASL is robust against diversified known attacks and mostly unknown attacks on WSN, such as the wormhole attack, the sybil attack, and inject misdate attack, etc. Finally, our performance evaluation shows that GASL leads to significant improvement in location accuracy and security compared with state of the art range independent location schemes.
Image Reconstruction Based on the TV and Mumford-Shah-Euler Model
Authors: Liu Rui Hua , Su Li Yun , Li Fang
Published: January 2011

In this paper, we firstly analyze some previous super-resolution models based on the TV model. Secondly, we propose two novel super-resolution models. One combines the TV model with the Mumford-Shah model, the other combines the TV model with the Mumford-Shah-Euler image model. Finally, we show some numerical experiments of our models based on convergence approximation. The results show that the TV-MSE model gives a well effect.
A Novel Resource Selection Model for Data Grid Based on QoS
Authors: Qu Ming Cheng , Wu Xiang Hu , Liao Ming Hong , Yang Xiao Zong
Published: January 2011

The parallel data transmission based on multi-copy is a key strategy to enhance transmission speed and ensure the QoS of data grid. Currently how to select replica nodes to achieve multiple optimization objectives is an import problem to be solved. To satisfy the constraint of transmission time for service request, a model is proposed. The network load and services tolerance are all taken into account by putting forward a tolerance function for service request, taking network load and tolerance functions as optimization objective at the same time, and introducing a weighting factor to balance the two functions. In experiments various parameters of the model were detected, and good results are achieved in decision-making. It shows that the model is correct and effective.
Combination of SVM and Score Normalization for Person Identification Based on Audio-Visual Feature Fusion
Authors: Cao Jie , Wu Di , Liu Zong Li , Pan Peng
Published: January 2011

Aimed at the problem of low accuracy rate for face recognition and speaker recognition in noisy environment, a multi-biometric model fusing face features and speech features is presented by combining Normalization and SVM theory based on the research of feature level fusion. Face features and speech features are first extracted by pulse coupled neural network and VQ-SVM respectively. Then the distance between tested people and template people is calculated after getting the fused feature on the feature level fusion. In order to reduce the computational cost and improve the recognition performance, matching distance is normalized and finally recognized by SVM. Experiment on the ORL database show that even when the signal to noise ratio is declined, recognition rate of the fused system is clearly higher than the single system under noisy environment and the purpose of identity recognition is achieved.
Trusted Software Construction Model Based on Trust Shell
Authors: Tian Jun Feng , Zhu Ye
Published: January 2011

Due to not considering the guaranty of trustiness, traditional software development methods and techniques lack effective measures for ensuring trustiness. Combining agent technique with trusted computing provided by TPM, a trusted software construction model based on Trust Shell (TSCMTS) is demonstrated in this paper, where Trust Shell is responsible for ensuring the trustiness of software logically. In particular, for the purpose of improving the accuracy of trustiness constraints, a strategy of determining multiple attributes’ weights by information entropy for check point is proposed. Both simulation experiment results and practical application indicate that the TSCMTS is of effective trustiness and reasonable performance overhead.
The Definition and Implementation of Flexible Architecture for Enterprise Application
Authors: Wu Jun Jie , Zhu Yong Hua , Zhu Huai Yang
Published: January 2011

In order to fully reuse existing resources and meet the changing demands, a flexible architecture for enterprise application is proposed in this paper, which is composed of logic interpret engine, data provider and component. Logic interpret engine is used to interpret the instructions received from user interface. Data provider is responsible for pulling data from different devices and providing data for logic interpret engine by uniform interface. Components are charged for the rendering of user interface. Practical results show that the architecture can be quickly applied to different demands.
A Multi-Information Propagation Model on Complex Networks
Authors: Li Shu Jing , Shao Feng Jing , Sun Ren Cheng , Sui Yi
Published: January 2011

Propagation of two kinds of information on complex networks is studied. With assumption that new kind of information is generated after interacting between these two kinds of information, how rate of generating new information and rate of its recovery influence propagation are researched. Experiments show that when rates of propagation of these three kinds of information are same three kinds of information exist after system reaching stable under condition that the rate of generating new information is big. While rates of propagation of these three kinds of information differ a lot, information with big propagation rate exists after system reaching stable. The results could be extended into research of propagation of multi-information on complex networks.
Exception Diagnosis for Composite Service
Authors: Dai Yu , Yang Lei , Zhang Bin , Zhu Zhi Liang
Published: January 2011

Since accurately identifying the error source which causes the exception is important, the problem of diagnosis for composite service becomes one of the key issues in the adaptive service composition. This paper proposes an approach for diagnosing composite service. In this approach, the uncertain casual relation between the exception and the service is formed by the way of computing the error propagation degree. The diagnosing algorithm which is based on the error dependent matrix is established. The diagnosis can be achieved by fuzzy reasoning. This approach can preserve the efficiency and accuracy of the diagnosis for composite service, which can support the self-adaptation of the composite service effectively.
The Design of Software Parallel Engineering Model Based on Petri Net
Authors: Sun Yu Qiang , Xie Shi Yan , Gu Yu Wan , Shi Hai Feng
Published: January 2011

In the paper, Using Petri net to a component-based reuse-driven software model for parallel engineering is proposed. The model applies Petri net to analyze parallelism in the entire software process. The model excavates fully Parallelism during software life cycle, supports various parallel of different particle size coarse and fine. The model can greatly enhance the software development, software productivity and shorten the development cycle.
Study of Goal-Oriented Migrating Workflow System Based on Mobile Computing Paradigm
Authors: Wu Xiu Guo
Published: January 2011

Workflow systems provide the automation of business processes where a collection of tasks is organized between participants according to a set of defined rules to accomplish some business goals. However, due to the lack of flexible mechanisms, such as fast changing customer requirements and enterprise goal shifts, a static workflow definition designed at build time is inflexible to meet the complex, dynamic situations that happen at run time. This paper presents a goal- and agent-based migrating workflow model. Structure of goal model in goal-oriented migrating instance and a way how GoMI pursues its goals is presented. A case study on goal-oriented migrating workflow system using the proposed methodology is also illustrated in this paper, The major contribution of this paper includes: (1) a definition of GoMWf model adopted the mobile computing paradigm and a framework of GoMWf; (2) a definition of goal-oriented migrating instance (GoMI) and its architecture based on BDI model; (3) evaluation of goal-based workflow system and process-based workflow system.
A Design of PCI Target Interface Based on FPGA
Authors: Xie Zhen
Published: January 2011

With the advantages of high performance, linear burst transmission, plug and play, PCI bus is widely applied. As a result, it replaced the earlier ISA and EISA as a standard bus. This paper introduces a FPGA-based PCI target interface design method and its implementation on the basis of a practical project. It detailed the target state machine according to PCI 2.3 and designed the configuration space and other modules.
Customer Segmentation Based on Context Preference Mining for Mobile Service
Authors: Hu Mu Hai , Cai Shu Qin , Tan Ting Ting
Published: January 2011

An increasing web services run in mobile context. Context may influence customer potential needs and buying behaviors in some specific situation. However existent customer segmentation method do not attach importance to context factors, which weakly support the development of context-sensitive mobile service . Therefore a mobile customer segmentation method based on context is proposed and validated by a case. The further research is mentioned in the end of the paper.
Error Analysis Based on Multi-Base Station Network VRS Technology
Authors: He Hong , Fang Hai Ping , Li Hang , Zhang Da Jian , Hou Ming Feng
Published: January 2011

The existing problems of conventional RTK in actual applications specifically show that the difference technology can only eliminate the public error between base station and subscriber station under certain conditions, with the increases of baseline length (more than 20 km), the correlation of errors between tropospheric and ionospheric weakened or even disappeared, making differential GPS technology lose its theoretical foundation, the experimental analysis shows that in network RTK, the Virtual Reference Station RTK technology enables VRS technology the effective distance from the 15 km extended to 50 km or more, greatly enhance the relative positioning accuracy in medium- baseline and long-baseline (20~50km).
Simulation and Optimal Design of Cylinder Block of Axial Piston Pump Based on ANSYS
Authors: Wang Hui , Meng Fan Long
Published: January 2011

To study the stress and strain distribution of cylinder block of axial piston pump in the actual conditions，the entity model of cylinder block is established with Pro/E and Static Finite Element Analysis on the cylinder block model is applied with ANSYS after formulas deduction and calculation in MATLAB in this paper. The stress and strain distribution of the cylinder block in the actual conditions is obtained by simulation. Analyzed results provide a reference basis for structure optimization, finding failure reasons of the axial piston pump and prolonging the pump’s service life.
Remote Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis of Ocean Going Reefer Containers Based on Inmarsat F
Authors: Ji Jun , Han Hou De
Published: January 2011

Marine reefer containers may transport goods at their different best temperatures to any port in the world in a rapid, safe, flexible and economical way, so it has become the most important new means of transport in the international trade. However, during the ocean going transportation, influenced by such changing interference factors as navigation area, solar radiation angle, air and water temperature, reefer containers work under complex and adverse conditions in a long time, so reefer container faults and cargo damage take place frequently. Coupled with increasing types of cargo, only to rely on manual inspections and on-site diagnosis is not only inefficient but also ineffective. Thus, it has put forward higher requirements on the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system of ocean going reefer containers. In the paper, a data wireless transmission and condition monitoring system of marine reefer containers based on the serial communication interface is designed and a remote monitoring and fault diagnosis system based on Inmarsat F is put forward. With its application to the ocean going ships, it will undoubtedly have great practical significance to the safety operation and economic efficiency of marine reefer containers.
Flexibility-Based Objective Functions for Constrained Optimization Problems on Structural Damage Detection
Authors: Chen Xi , Yu Ling
Published: January 2011

Based on concepts of structural modal flexibility and modal assurance criterion (MAC), a new objective function is defined and studied for constrained optimization problems (COP) on structural damage detection (SDD) in this paper. Compared with traditionally objective function, which is defined based on natural frequencies and MAC, effect of objective functions on robustness of SDD calculation is evaluated through numerical simulation of a 2-storey rigid frame. Structural damages are identified by solving the COP on SDD based on an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm. Weak and multiple damage scenarios are mainly considered in various noise conditions. Some illustrated results show that the newly defined objective function is better than the traditional ones. It can be used to identify the damage locations but also to quantify the severity of weak and multiple damages in measurement noise conditions.
The Modeling Procedures for Model-Based Diagnosis of Slowly Changing Fault in Hybrid System
Authors: Zhao Jian , Ouyang Dan Tong , Wang Xiao Yu , Zhang Li Ming
Published: January 2011

Many traditional model-based diagnosis is based on the assumption of abrupt faults. This assumption can lead to a wrong result when the faults are slowly changing. The diagnosis of slowly changing faults can be considered to be an open area in controlling complex system of large scale. The slowly changing faults are difficult to detect, extremely when interlacing with abrupt faults. The modeling of diagnosis in slowly changing faults is different with abrupt faults. A modeling method of slowly changing faults on hybrid system is proposed, based on Hybrid Input Output Automata and mixture bond graph. The effectiveness is proved by method testing on three-tank system. The testing results provide a basic model to faults discovering and isolating
Automobile Brand Database in Second-Hand Vehicle Service Network Application
Authors: Dong Guo Rong
Published: January 2011

In the second-hand vehicle transaction, the automobile brand and the model to the second-hand vehicle price influence are quite big, has established the automobile brand database for this us, and has set up and the automobile brand, the model correlation parameter in the database, then transfers these parameters to participate in the second-hand vehicle the price computation, causes the different brand model the second-hand vehicle reference price distinction and respective actual market transaction price is closer, and further applies ours computational method in the network service routine, provides credible and the reference price and the service platform for the general second-hand vehicle transaction participant.
Modelling of Joint Interface of Turn-Milling Centre Based on Rigid-Flexible Coupling System
Authors: Zhu Li Da , Qiu Jian , Wang Yue Hu , Li Jiang , Wang Wan Shan
Published: January 2011

The mathematic models describing various joints of whole machine are founded to research dynamic performance of turn-milling center based on rigid-flexible coupling system. The various joint interfaces including the conical and cylinder contact, plane contact and fixed connection are regarded as flexible joints by using the spring and damping unit and the equivalent dynamic models of joint interfaces are built by finite element method based on different connection modes. Therefore, these mathematic models are used as references and foundations for research on dynamic performance of turn-milling center next stage.
A New Security Localization Method for Detecting Malicious Beacon Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Chen Miao , Peng Bao , Ma Liang
Published: January 2011

In this paper, we address wireless sensor network localization problems that have high reliability in an environment where physical node destruction is possible. We propose a range-independent localization algorithm called security localization based on Detecting malicious beacon nodes (DMBSL) that allows sensors to passively determine their location with high reliability, without increasing the number of reference points, or the complexity of the hardware of each reference point or node. In DMBSL, constraints of wireless sensor network are used to find and remove the malicious beacon nodes, then the maximum likelihood method is used to calculate the location of unknown nodes, so that the location calculation is very robust and is able to resist malicious attacks. In this paper, the location performance of DMBSL algorithm is deeply analyzed. The results of the simulation show the algorithm can get lower average positioning error, meantime malicious attacks have little side effects to location performance.
The Product of Two B-Spline Functions
Authors: Che Xiang Jiu , Farin Gerald , Gao Zhan Heng , Hansford Dianne
Published: January 2011

A method for calculating the product of two B-spline functions is presented. The product is computed by solving a linear system. The coefficient matrix of the system is a Gramian, which guarantees that the system has a unique solution. Every element of the coefficient matrix and the righthand vector of the system is an inner product of B-splines. The inner product can be computed accurately by making use of numerical methods.
Research on Evaluation of Intellectual Property Conflicts in Knowledge Transferring among EC Enterprises
Authors: Su Shi Bin , Gao Rui
Published: January 2011

To deepen existing research further, the paper analysis the question about intellectual property conflicts evaluation in knowledge transferring among EC enterprises. Then, the paper realizes intellectual property conflicts evaluation in knowledge transferring among EC enterprises by fuzzy synthesis assessment, and explains it by calculation example. Finally, it gives the future research orientation.
A Dynamic Service Pool Size Configuration Mechanism for Service-Oriented Workflow
Authors: He Pan , Xu Jie , Wu Kai Gui , Wen Jun Hao
Published: January 2011

Service-oriented workflows are the fundamental structures in service-oriented applications and changes in the workflow could cause dramatic changes in system reliability. In several ways to re-heal workflows in execution, re-sizing service pools in the workflow is practical and easy to implement. In order to quickly adjust to workflow or environmental changes, this paper presents a dynamic service pool size configuration mechanism from the point of view of maintaining workflow reliability. An architecture-based reliability model is used to evaluate the overall reliability of a workflow with service pools and an optimal method is proposed to get the combination of service pool size aiming at minimizing the sum of service pool size subject to the workflow reliability requirement. A case study is used to explain this method and experiment results show how to change service pool size to meet the workflow reliability requirements.
Dynamic Analysis of Cutter Head System in Tunnel Boring Machine
Authors: Zhu Li Da , Su Peng Cheng , Li Gang , Wang Wan Shan
Published: January 2011

To obtain the reasonable layout and structure shapes of the various kinds of cutters in tunnel boring machine (TBM), the kinematic/dynamic of cutter head system was analyzed by using virtual prototype and finite element method (FEM). The velocity and force curves were got from different positions of cutters and the mode vibration of scrapers and cutter hobs were obtained to analyze their structural performances next stage. It is shown that these results can provide references for dynamic optimization design of tunnel boring machine. Therefore, it is necessary to implement kinematic/dynamic analysis and mode analysis before manufacture of production.
The Research of an Abstract Semantic Framework for Defect Detecting
Authors: Yang Zhao Hong , Xiao Qing , Gong Yun Zhan , Jin Da Hai , Wang Ya Wen
Published: January 2011

This paper proposes a non-relational abstract semantic framework. It uses interval set to represent the value of numerical variables and complete lattice to represent Boolean variables and reference variables. It presents the abstract computation method of basic expressions and the nodes of control flow graph. It uses function summaries to represent the context information of function call needed by defects detecting. Based on the results of abstract computation, it uses extended state machine to define defect patterns and proposes a path-sensitive method based on dataflow analysis to detect defects. It avoids the combination explosion of full path analysis by merging the conditions of identical property state at join points in the CFG. Practical test results show that the proposed methods have features of high efficiency, low false positive and low false negative.
Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Multi-Objective Optimization Based on Improved Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm
Authors: Wei Wei , Feng Yi Xiong , Tan Jian Rong , Hagiwara Ichiro
Published: January 2011

Scheduling for the flexible job shop is very important in fields of production management. To solve the multi–objective optimization in flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP), the FJSP multi-objective optimization model is constructed. The cost, quality and time are taken as the optimization objectives. An improved strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA2+) is put forward to optimize the multi-objective optimization model parallelly. The algorithm uses a new model of a Multi-objective genetic algorithm that includes more effective crossover and could obtain diverse solutions in the objective and variable spaces to archive the Pareto optimal sets for FJSP multi-objective optimization. Then an approach based on fuzzy set theory was developed to extract one of the Pareto-optimal solutions as the best compromise one. The optimization results were compared with those obtained by NSGA-II and POS. At last, an instance of flexible job shop scheduling problem in automotive industry is given to illustrate that the proposed method can solve the multi-objective FJSP effectively.
A Clustering Based Data Integration Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Huang Jing , Li Hai Hua , Yang Rui , Chen Hai Yan
Published: January 2011

Data fusion is an important research issue in wireless sensor networks (WSN). The clustering based approach can reduce the interference among nodes, maintain the balance of energy consumption within WSNs, and therefore prolong the lifetime of WSNs. A clustering-based algorithm called LEACH-EC is presented in the paper. Aiming at solving the problems of the existing algorithms, the LEACH-EC takes the static clustering approach to reduce the energy consumption during clustering stage by first clustering sensors and then selecting the heads of respective clusters. When the heads of clusters send data to the base station, a proposed multi-hop strategy is adopted to further decrease the energy consumption of head sensors. Compared with the existing algorithms, the LEACH-EC has shown a good performance on both extending the lifetime of WSNs as well as reducing energy consumption of sensors.
Stochastic Simulation of Bus Traveling Time
Authors: Xue Lian , Zhao Dan Jie , Liu Gui Mei
Published: January 2011

The development of the city's public transport system has an indispensable role to alleviate the pressure of urban roads. Bus travel time reliability is an important evaluation index of the bus operation service level. The simulation of bus travel time helps us understand the reliability of bus running time. In this paper, we use Monte Carlo stochastic simulation method to calculate the reliability of bus travel time. On this basis, we establish a model of the reliability of public transportation systems to research the reliability of bus travel time.
Control and Operation to Hybrid Optical Network
Authors: Zhang Ning
Published: January 2011

In this paper, a novel hybrid optical network system is presented. The continuing increase of data traffic keeps the pressure on the backbone telecommunication networks requiring more diverse and more intelligent allocation of capacity. Optical networking has become a key technology in accommodating the rapidly expanding Internet traffic. Hybrid nodes are now playing a key role in optical networks by facilitating efficient traffic management. New optical networks are expected to support the increasing network load by employing both sophisticated transmission (wavelength division multiplexing division (WDM)) and switching technologies (optical switches and cross-connects). This study will explain how the hybrid nodes achieve with different network models and make it operation through innovative technical designs.
Research on Combinational Reasoning of Directional Relations Based on Double Projections Model in Three-Dimensional Space
Authors: Liu Yong Shan , Gu Wei Jie
Published: January 2011

The xoy and xoz planes are divided into nine areas in three-dimensional space respectively by the MBR (Minimum Bounding Rectangle), which are produced by the reference objects’ projection to their planes. The intersecting situations between the projection of target objects and the two of reference objects are expressed by two 3×3 matrices. Then, a directional relations matrix model based on double projections is put forward. A combinational reasoning method is proposed by using the computational performance of matrices based on this model. Moreover, a combinational reasoning experiment is given and the result matches the reality.
A Genetic Algorithm for Solving Linear-Quadratic Bilevel Program-Ming Problems
Authors: Li He Cheng , Wang Yu Ping
Published: January 2011

In this paper, we focus on a special linear-quadratic bilevel programming problem in which the follower’s problem is a convex-quadratic programming, whereas the leader’s functions are linear. At first, based on Karush-Kuhn-Tucher(K-K-T) conditions, the original problem is transformed into an equivalent nonlinear programming problem in which the objective and constraint functions are linear except for the complementary slack conditions. Then, a genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the equivalent problem. In the proposed algorithm, the individuals are encoded in two phases. Finally, the efficiency of the approach is demonstrated by an example.
An Improved Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Real-Time Dynamic Job-Shop Scheduling
Authors: Cao Yan , Du Jiang
Published: January 2011

Job-shop scheduling is one of the core research aspects of Manufacturing Execution System (MES). It is significant for improving the utilization of enterprise resources, enhancing product quality, shortening delivery periods, reducing product cost, and raising enterprise competitive power in market economy. In order to solve this problem, Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm is improved to solve large-scale combinatorial problem of job-shop scheduling. To make the SA algorithm more effective to solve job-shop scheduling problems, a solution encoding mode, scheduling scheme generation, initial temperature selection, temperature updating function, Markov chain length, end rule, and so on of the improved SA algorithm are discussed that affect the computation speed and convergence of the SA algorithm. Finally, the improved SA algorithm is validated by a job–shop scheduling problem of 10 workpieces and 10 machines.
Research on Bounding Box-Tree Algorithm for Collision Detection
Authors: Xiong Yu Mei , Chen Yi Min , Chen Yi Hao
Published: January 2011

In order to improve the efficiency of the collision detection for polyhedron, the paper proposed a collision detection algorithm based on bounding box-tree. The hierarchical bounding box –tree was built by dividing the polyhedron into tetrahedron. The collision detection can be completed by the method searching the bounding box-tree from top to bottom or from bottom to top. The algorithm quickly eliminated the possibility of collision between objects far apart. And it well adapted to the needs of the dynamic collision detection. Test results showed that the algorithm greatly improved the collision detection’s speed in virtual environment.
Calibration Method Using Concentric Circles Planar Template and its Application
Authors: Zhu Guang Yu , Zou Jian Qing , Guo Peng , Zheng Huai Ceng
Published: January 2011

This article introduces a new calibration method for machine vision measurement system--calibration method using concentric circles planar template. This method not only considering lens distortion and random errors introduced by the process of calibration, but also overcome limitation of strict demands for the standard parts’ position and complexity in stereovision computation, it also capable of conduct calibration to the whole scene depth space, effectively improve the efficiency of calibration with its simple and high precision mean. A relatively high precision can be achieved by applying this new method to diameter measurement of cable line, which is suitable to conduct on-field industrial dimension measurement calibration.
An Urban Traffic Network Analysis Method Based on EPs
Authors: Chen Gen Lang , An Li Feng , Jin Xiao Gang
Published: January 2011

Urban traffic networks (UT-Nets) and cellular metabolic networks (C-Nets) have many common functional characteristics and internal mechanisms. Based on the similarity and traffic conservation, we use extreme pathways (EPs) to analysis the state of UT-Nets. Experiments showed the EPs method for cell metabolism also can be used in urban traffic network analysis after defining some indicators.
Improved Methods on Association Rules Mining Algorithms
Authors: He Yue Shun , Xiao Jun Fang
Published: January 2011

Among the many mining algorithms of association rules, Apriori Algorithm is a classical algorithm that has caused the most discussion; it can effectively carry out the mining association rules. However, based on Apriori Algorithm, most of the traditional algorithms exist "item sets generation bottleneck" problem, and are very time-consuming. An enhanced algorithm associating Apriori with transaction reduction and item reduction technique is put forward by the paper, in the algorithm candidate item sets generation and the support calculation are created after each transaction is compressed and connected, and the key word identifying is adopted in the candidate set, thus the process of pruning and string pattern matching is removed from Apriori algorithm. Original algorithm and improved algorithm implementation steps are presented by examples, the results show that the new algorithm reduces the storage space, improve the efficiency of the algorithm and improve the performance of data mining technology.