bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of three double-microencapsulation methods for preservation of probiotic bacteria
Authors: Pupa Pawiya , Apiwatsiri Prasert , Sirichokchatchawan Wandee , Pirarat Nopadon , Muangsin Nongnuj , Shah Asad Ali , Prapasarakul Nuvee
Published: July 2021

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are used as a probiotic alternative to antibiotics in livestock production. Microencapsulation technology is widely used for probiotic preservation. A variety of microencapsulation protocols have been proposed and compared based on chemicals and mechanical procedures. This study aimed to develop a double-encapsulated coating from alginate (1.5%) and chitosan (0.5%) by extrusion, emulsion, and spray drying methods using the LAB strainsLactobacillus plantarumstrains 31F, 25F, 22F,Pediococcus pentosaceus77F, andP. acidilactici72N, and to monitor the basic probiotic properties of the encapsulated prototypes. The final products from each microencapsulation protocol were analysed for their appearance, probiotic properties and viable cell count. Using the spray drying method, particles smaller than 15 μm in diameter with a regular spherical shape were obtained, whereas the other methods produced larger (1.4–52 mm) and irregularly shaped microcapsules. After storage for 6 months at room temperature, the LAB viability of the spray-dried particles was the highest among the three methods. In all the LAB strains examined, the encapsulated LAB retained their probiotic properties in relation to acid-bile tolerance and antibacterial activity. This study highlights the efficacy of double-coating microencapsulation for preserving LAB properties and survival rate, and demonstrates its potential for probiotic application in livestock farms.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: New insights into the microscopic interactions associated with the physical mechanism of action of highly diluted biologics
Authors: Woods Kristina N.
Published: July 2021

In this investigation, we report the effect on the microscopic dynamics and interactions of the cytokine interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and antibodies to IFN-γ (anti-IFN-γ) and to the interferon gamma receptor 1 (anti-IFNGR1) prepared in exceptionally dilute solutions of initial proteins. Using both THz spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations we have uncovered that the high dilution method of sample preparation results in the reorganization of the sample surface residue dynamics at the solvent–protein interface that leads to both structural and kinetic heterogeneous dynamics that ultimately create interactions that enhance the binding probability of the antigen binding site. Our results indicate that the modified interfacial dynamics of anti-IFN-γ and anti-IFGNR1 that we probe experimentally are directly associated with alterations in the complementarity regions of the distinct antibodies that designate both antigen–antibody affinity and recognition.
Unravelling homeostasis effects of phosphorus and zinc nutrition by leaf photochemistry and metabolic adjustment in cotton plants
Authors: Santos Elcio Ferreira , Pongrac Paula , Reis André Rodrigues , Rabêlo Flávio Henrique Silveira , Azevedo Ricardo Antunes , White Philip J. , Lavres José
Published: July 2021

Phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) uptake and its physiological use in plants are interconnected and are tightly controlled. However, there is still conflicting information about the interactions of these two nutrients, thus a better understanding of nutritional homeostasis is needed. The objective of this work was to evaluate responses of photosynthesis parameters, P-Zn nutritional homeostasis and antioxidant metabolism to variation in the P × Zn supply of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Plants were grown in pots and watered with nutrient solution containing combinations of P and Zn supply. An excess of either P or Zn limited plant growth, reduced photosynthesis-related parameters, and antioxidant scavenging enzymes. Phosphorus uptake favoured photochemical dissipation of energy decreasing oxidative stress, notably on Zn-well-nourished plants. On the other hand, excessive P uptake reduces Zn-shoot concentration and decreasing carbonic anhydrase activity. Adequate Zn supply facilitated adaptation responses to P deficiency, upregulating acid phosphatase activity, whereas Zn and P excess were alleviated by increasing P and Zn supply, respectively. Collectively, the results showed that inter ionic effects of P and Zn uptake affected light use and CO2 assimilation rate on photosynthesis, activation of antioxidant metabolism, acid phosphatase and carbonic anhydrase activities, and plant growth-related responses to different extents.
Identifying acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using patient-reported symptoms and cough feature analysis
Authors: Claxton Scott , Porter Paul , Brisbane Joanna , Bear Natasha , Wood Javan , Peltonen Vesa , Della Phillip , Smith Claire , Abeyratne Udantha
Published: July 2021

Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are commonly encountered in the primary care setting, though the accurate and timely diagnosis is problematic. Using technology like that employed in speech recognition technology, we developed a smartphone-based algorithm for rapid and accurate diagnosis of AECOPD. The algorithm incorporates patient-reported features (age, fever, and new cough), audio data from five coughs and can be deployed by novice users. We compared the accuracy of the algorithm to expert clinical assessment. In patients with known COPD, the algorithm correctly identified the presence of AECOPD in 82.6% (95% CI: 72.9–89.9%) of subjects (n = 86). The absence of AECOPD was correctly identified in 91.0% (95% CI: 82.4–96.3%) of individuals (n = 78). The diagnostic agreement was maintained in milder cases of AECOPD (PPA: 79.2%, 95% CI: 68.0–87.8%), who typically comprise the cohort presenting to primary care. The algorithm may aid early identification of AECOPD and be incorporated in patient self-management plans.
Tag-seq: a convenient and scalable method for genome-wide specificity assessment of CRISPR/Cas nucleases
Authors: Huang Hongxin , Hu Yongfei , Huang Guanjie , Ma Shufeng , Feng Jianqi , Wang Dong , Lin Ying , Zhou Jiajian , Rong Zhili
Published: July 2021

Genome-wide identification of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) systems is vital for profiling the off-target events of Cas nucleases. However, current methods for off-target discovery are tedious and costly, restricting their widespread applications. Here we present an easy alternative method for CRISPR off-target detection by tracing the integrated oligonucleotide Tag using next-generation-sequencing (CRISPR-Tag-seq, or Tag-seq). Tag-seq enables rapid and convenient profiling of nuclease-induced DSBs by incorporating the optimized double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide sequence (termed Tag), adapters, and PCR primers. Moreover, we employ a one-step procedure for library preparation in Tag-seq, which can be applied in the routine workflow of a molecular biology laboratory. We further show that Tag-seq successfully determines the cleavage specificity of SpCas9 variants and Cas12a/Cpf1 in a large-scale manner, and discover the integration sites of exogenous genes introduced by the Sleeping Beauty transposon. Our results demonstrate that Tag-seq is an efficient and scalable approach to genome-wide identification of Cas-nuclease-induced off-targets.
Genetic and pharmacological interrogation of cancer vulnerability using a multiplexed cell line screening platform
Authors: Xia Yifeng , Ji Xiaodong , Jang In Sock , Surka Christine , Hsu Christy , Wang Kai , Rolfe Mark , Bence Neil , Lu Gang
Published: July 2021

The multiplexed cancer cell line screening platform PRISM demonstrated its utility in testing hundreds of cell lines in a single run, possessing the potential to speed up anti-cancer drug discovery, validation and optimization. Here we described the development and implementation of a next-generation PRISM platform combining Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-mediated gene editing, cell line DNA barcoding and next-generation sequencing to enable genetic and/or pharmacological assessment of target addiction in hundreds of cell lines simultaneously. Both compound and CRISPR-knockout PRISM screens well recapitulated the results from individual assays and showed high consistency with a public database.
The evaluation of the chemical quality and UV overall components dissolution consistency ofFlos Chrysanthemi Indicipreparation
Authors: Dai Tingting , Chen Yantong , Sun Guoxiang
Published: July 2021

Integrating capillary electrophoresis fingerprints and UV overall components dissolution consistency to give the overall quality control ofFlos Chrysanthemi Indicipreparation.
c-Met-targeted near-infrared fluorescent probe for real-time depiction and dissection of perineural invasion and lymph node metastasis lesions in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma xenograft models
Authors: Li Dan , Yang Meilin , Liang Mingzhu , Mei Chaoming , Lin Yujing , Yang Fan , Xiao Yitai , Chen Yuechuan , Wang Fen , Mao Junjie , Su Zhongzhen
Published: July 2021

c-Met-targeted near-infrared fluorescent probe has excellent targeting ability to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and can be used for real-time detection of lymph node metastasis and perineural invasion lesions in PDAC xenograft models.
Aminocellulose - grafted polycaprolactone-coated core–shell nanoparticles alleviate the severity of ulcerative colitis: a novel adjuvant therapeutic approach
Authors: Ahmad Anas , Ansari Md. Meraj , Kumar Ajay , Bishnoi Mahendra , Raza Syed Shadab , Khan Rehan
Published: July 2021

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory condition of colorectal regions.
Leveraging feast and famine selection pressure during startup of continuous flow aerobic granulation systems to manage treatment performance
Authors: An Zhaohui , Bott Charles B. , Angelotti Bob , Brooks Matt , Wang Zhi-Wu
Published: July 2021

Feast and famine selection pressure was applied as a novel reactor startup strategy for driving continuous flow aerobic granulation.
Preparation and characterization of glycosylated protein nanoparticles for astaxanthin mitochondria targeting delivery
Authors: Chen Yannan , Tie Shanshan , Zhang Xuedi , Zhang Lijuan , Tan Mingqian
Published: July 2021

Novel mitochondria targeting nanocarriers were prepared using triphenylphosphonium bromide (TPP)-modified whey protein isolate (WPI)–dextran (DX) conjugates by self-assembly method for astaxanthin mitochondria targeting delivery.
Hybrid electrons in the trimerized GaV4O8
Authors: Aguilar-Maldonado Cintli , Mentré Olivier , Tsirlin Alexander A. , Ritter Clemens , Missiul Aleksandr , Fauth Francois , Arévalo-López Angel M.
Published: July 2021

Orbital–spin–charge texture in the new GaV4O8 oxide.
Anisotropic conductive networks for multidimensional sensing
Authors: Zhang Fei , Ma Peng-Cheng , Wang Jiangxin , Zhang Qi , Feng Wei , Zhu Yanwu , Zheng Qingbin
Published: July 2021

We review the present state and advances of the design and preparation strategies for fabricating multidimensional sensors based on anisotropic conducting networks.
Nanodelivery vehicles induce remote biochemical changesin vivo
Authors: Sikora Kristen N. , Castellanos-García Laura J. , Hardie Joseph M. , Liu Yuanchang , Farkas Michelle E. , Rotello Vincent M. , Vachet Richard W.
Published: July 2021

Dual-mode mass spectrometry imaging shows that the biochemical effects of anti-TNF-α nanoparticle stabilized capsules occur in regions that are spatially remote from where the nanomaterials accumulate.
Investigation of the mechanism of small size effect in carbon-based supercapacitors
Authors: Zhao Chenyang , Zhao Chengyao , Liu Qi , Liu Xiaohui , Lu Xiaotong , Pang Chaoran , Liu Yujing , Liu Zhongqiu , Ying Anguo
Published: July 2021

A new method of epitaxial polymerization growth for developing ultrasmall PAN particles.
Stealthy nanoparticles protect endothelial barrier from leakiness by resisting the absorption of VE-cadherin
Authors: Huang Yuan , Wang Suxiao , Zhang Jinzhi , Wang Hangxing , Zou Qichao , Wu Limin
Published: July 2021

The design of a series of NPs with or without ultralow protein corona property are described and the ultralow protein corona NPs can penetrate the endothelial cell junction without phosphorylating the residues on VE-cad, thus, avoid NanoEL effect.
Photoinitiating systems and kinetics of frontal photopolymerization processes – the prospects for efficient preparation of composites and thick 3D structures
Authors: Petko Filip , Świeży Andrzej , Ortyl Joanna
Published: July 2021

The frontal photopolymerisation combining a versatile interest in many applications and economic efficiency is destined to occupy a growing polymer economy.
Synthesis of ethylene–norbornene–1-octene terpolymers with high 1-octene contents, molar masses, and tunable Tg values, in high yields using half-titanocene catalysts
Authors: Boggioni Laura , Harakawa Hitoshi , Losio Simona , Nomura Kotohiro , Tritto Incoronata
Published: July 2021

Synthesis of unique poly(E-ter–N-ter–O)s using half-titanocene catalysts: 1-octene does not behave as a chain termination/transfer agent unlike ansa-metallocenes.
Tuning the electronic conductivity of porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers with graphene for high-performance potassium-ion storage
Authors: Niu Ping , Wang Peisan , Xu Yang , Li Zhiqiang , Wei Lingzhi , Yao Ge , Wang Junzhong , Zheng Fangcai
Published: July 2021

In the designed graphene/porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers, graphene can improve the electronic conductivity of the composite materials, and a large amount of mesopores provided much more exposed N-doped active sites for adsorbing K+.
Effect of conjugation with organic molecules on the surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles and application in optical biosensing
Authors: Koushki Ehsan
Published: July 2021

The problem of functionalizing and coating nanoparticles with surfactants dispersed in a colloid is a prevalent case in nanoscience and related studies.
Structure-flexible DNA origami translocation through a solid-state nanopore
Authors: Yang Jing , Zhao Nan , Liang Yuan , Lu Zuhong , Zhang Cheng
Published: July 2021

Using a solid-state nanopore to characterize the translocation of “nunchaku” origami with tunable-structures.
Accurate vertical ionization energy and work function determinations of liquid water and aqueous solutions
Authors: Thürmer Stephan , Malerz Sebastian , Trinter Florian , Hergenhahn Uwe , Lee Chin , Neumark Daniel M. , Meijer Gerard , Winter Bernd , Wilkinson Iain
Published: July 2021

A generalised liquid-phase photoelectron spectroscopy approach is reported, allowing accurate, absolute energy scale ionisation energies of liquid water and aqueous solutions, as well as liquid water's work function to be reported.
Benzylic C–H isocyanation/amine coupling sequence enabling high-throughput synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant ureas
Authors: Suh Sung-Eun , Nkulu Leah E. , Lin Shishi , Krska Shane W. , Stahl Shannon S.
Published: July 2021

A copper-based catalyst system composed of commercially available reagents enables C–H isocyanation with exquisite (hetero)benzylic site selectivity, enabling high-throughput access to pharmaceutically relevant ureas via coupling with amines.
Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation (AAA) with alkyl sulfones as nucleophiles
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Jiao Zhiwei , Gholami Hadi
Published: July 2021

A variety of “hard” α-sulfonyl carbanions of aryl, heteroaryl and alkyl sulfones were successfully employed as nucleophiles in palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation with excellent enantioselectivities.
IPr# – highly hindered, broadly applicable N-heterocyclic carbenes
Authors: Zhao Qun , Meng Guangrong , Li Guangchen , Flach Carol , Mendelsohn Richard , Lalancette Roger , Szostak Roman , Szostak Michal
Published: July 2021

We report novel, sterically-bulky, easily-accessible NHC ligands based on the hash peralkylation concept. The new ligands have been commercialized in collaboration with Millipore Sigma: IPr#HCl, 915653; Np#HCl; 915912; BIAN-IPr#HCl, 916420.
A crosslinked colloidal network of peptide/nucleic base amphiphiles for targeted cancer cell encapsulation
Authors: Zhou Yanzi , Qiu Peng , Yao Defan , Song Yanyan , Zhu Yuedong , Pan Haiting , Wu Junchen , Zhang Junji
Published: July 2021

A cross-linking of peptide–nucleic base amphiphiles leads to a dense colloidal network that can perform targeted cancer cell encapsulationin situ.
Synthesis and enantioseparation of chiral Au13 nanoclusters protected by bis-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands
Authors: Yi Hong , Osten Kimberly M. , Levchenko Tetyana I. , Veinot Alex J. , Aramaki Yoshitaka , Ooi Takashi , Nambo Masakazu , Crudden Cathleen M.
Published: July 2021

A series of chiral Au13 nanoclusters were synthesized via the direct reduction of achiral dinuclear Au(i) halide complexes ligated by ortho-xylyl-linked bis-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands.
Tuning of Pt–Co nanoparticle motifs for enhancing the HOR performance in alkaline media
Authors: Weber D. J. , Dosche C. , Oezaslan M.
Published: July 2021

Bifunctional mechanism and Pt–Had binding energy can be discriminated by a new descriptor, Q(Hupd) : Q(Coz+) ratio to tailor the HOR activity on a Pt–Co surface in alkaline environment.
Photothermally boosted water splitting electrocatalysis by broadband solar harvesting nickel phosphide within a quasi-MOF
Authors: Ai Lunhong , Li Na , Chen Mei , Jiang Huiling , Jiang Jing
Published: July 2021

The thermal field effect effectively boosts water splitting electrocatalysis by lowering activation energy barriers and accelerating sluggish kinetics.
Cu-based MOF-derived porous carbon with highly efficient photothermal conversion performance for solar steam evaporation
Authors: Chen Guanyu , Jiang Zipeng , Li Ang , Chen Xiaohong , Ma Zhaokun , Song Huaihe
Published: July 2021

MOF-derived carbon nanostructure photothermal materials have shown remarkable potential in solar steam generation due to their excellent light absorption properties, high chemical stability and considerable photothermal conversion efficiency.
Sugar blower protocol enabling superior electromagnetic wave absorption of porous micro pipeline carbon materials
Authors: Ding Chunyan , Wu Songsong , Zhang Yu , Wu Yun , Geng Xin , Huang Xiaoxiao , Wen Guangwu , Wang Anying
Published: July 2021

Porous micro pipeline carbon materials deriving from sugar blower protocol can exhibit superior electromagnetic wave absorption.
Enhanced biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells of titanium by Sr–Ga clavate double hydroxides
Authors: Chen Maowen , Tao Bailong , Hu Yan , Li Menghuan , Chen Maohua , Tan Lu , Luo Zhong , Cai Kaiyong
Published: July 2021

(A) Simplified illustration of the experimental process and (B) schematic diagram of material and cellular behaviors (ion release and differentiation).
Solvent-free mechanochemical syntheses of microscale lead-free hybrid manganese halides as efficient green light phosphors
Authors: Ma Yue-Yu , Song Ying-Rui , Xu Wen-Jie , Zhong Qian-Qian , Fu Han-Qi , Liu Xue-Lei , Yue Cheng-Yang , Lei Xiao-Wu
Published: July 2021

Through mechanochemical syntheses, hybrid manganese halides were prepared displaying green emissions with highest PLQY of 79.5%. A relationship between structure and PLQY was established as a method to optimize the PLQY of hybrid metal halides.
Conducting and superhydrophobic hybrid 2D material from coronene and pyrene
Authors: Arya Jyothibabu Sajila , Mahato Malay Krishna , Sankararaman Sethuraman , Prasad Edamana
Published: July 2021

Introducing a coronene–pyrene-based hybrid 2D material with promising conducting and superhydrophobic features.
Organic photovoltaics with 300 nm thick ternary active layers exhibiting 15.6% efficiency
Authors: Wang Yue , Wang Fangfang , Gao Jinhua , Yan Yutong , Wang Xuelin , Wang Xulai , Xu Chunyu , Ma Xiaoling , Zhang Jian , Zhang Fujun
Published: July 2021

High-performance OPVs with relatively thick active layers are essential for large-scale production. A PCE of 15.63% is achieved by the optimized ternary OPVs with 300 nm thick active layers by combining the superiorities of two binary thick-film OPVs.
Identification of survival-related alternative splicing signatures in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zhang Biyu , Yang Lei , Wang Xin , Fu Denggang
Published: July 2021

Aberrant RNA alternative splicing (AS) variants play critical roles in tumorigenesis and prognosis in human cancers. Here, we conducted a comprehensive profiling of aberrant AS events in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). RNA AS profile, including seven AS types, and the percent spliced in (PSI) value for each patient were generated by SpliceSeq using RNA-seq data from TCGA. Univariate followed by multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to identify survival-related AS events and develop the AS signatures. A nomogram was developed, and its predictive efficacy was assessed. About 27,892 AS events and 3,178 events were associated with overall survival (OS) after strict filtering. Parent genes of survival-associated AS events were mainly enriched in leukemia-associated processes including chromatin modification, autophagy, and T-cell receptor signaling pathway. The 10 AS signature based on seven types of AS events showed better efficacy in predicting OS of patients than those built on a single AS event type. The area under curve (AUC) value of the 10 AS signature for 3-year OS was 0.91. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) confirmed that these survival-related AS events contribute to AML progression. Moreover, the nomogram showed good predictive performance for patient's prognosis. Finally, the correlation network of AS variants with splicing factor genes found potential important regulatory genes in AML. The present study presented a systematic analysis of survival-related AS events and developed AS signatures for predicting the patient’s survival. Further studies are needed to validate the signatures in independent AML cohorts and might provide a promising perspective for developing therapeutic targets.
Multi-omic analyses of hepatocellular carcinoma to determine immunological characteristics and key nodes in gene-expression network
Authors: Wang Zhihui , Zhang Shuijun
Published: July 2021

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide, but effective immunotherapy is still limited for those affected. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the specific mechanisms governing tumor immunity to improve the survival rate for those diagnosed with HCC. In the present study, we performed a new immune stratification of HCC samples into two subclasses (A and B) from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the International Cancer Genome Consortium databases, and comprehensive multi-omic analyses of major histocompatibility complex genes, gene copy-number variations, somatic mutations, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNAs. Subclass A was found to have a higher survival rate compared with subclass B, and there were significant immunological differences between the two clusters. Based on these differences, we identified DRD1 and MYCN as key hub genes in the immune-phenotype gene expression regulatory network. These results provide novel ideas and evidence for HCC regulatory mechanisms that may improve immunotherapy for this cancer.
The Impact of Intervention Dose Form on Oral Language Outcomes for Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Frizelle Pauline , Tolonen Anna-Kaisa , Tulip Josie , Murphy Carol-Anne , Saldana David , McKean Cristina
Published: July 2021

Purpose

The aim of this study was to extract key learning from intervention studies in which qualitative aspects of dosage,
dose form
, have been examined for children with developmental language disorder (DLD)—in vocabulary, morphosyntax, and phonology domains. This research paper emerged from a pair of systematic reviews, aiming to synthesize available evidence regarding qualitative and quantitative aspects of dosage. While quantitative aspects had been experimentally manipulated, the available evidence for
dose form
(tasks or activities within which teaching episodes are delivered) was less definitive. Despite this, the review uncovered insights of value to DLD research.

Method

A preregistered systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42017076663) adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was completed. Included papers were quasi-experimental, randomized controlled trial, or cohort analytic studies, published in any language between January 2006 and May 2019; oral language interventions with vocabulary, morphosyntax, or phonology outcomes; and participants with DLD (
M
= 3–18 years). The intention was to include papers in which dose form was experimentally manipulated or statistically analyzed, while quantitative dosage aspects were controlled, such that definitive conclusions about optimal dose form could be drawn and gaps in the evidence identified.

Results

Two hundred and twenty-four papers met the above inclusion criteria; 27 focused on
dose form
. No study controlled for all quantitative aspects of dosage such that we could effectively address our original research questions. Despite this, key points of learning emerged with implications for future research.

Conclusions

There is tentative evidence of advantages for explicit over implicit instruction and of the benefits of variability in input, elicited production, and gestural and other visual supports. With careful design of dose form, there is potential to design more efficient interventions. Speech-language pathology research would benefit from an agreed taxonomy of dose form components and standardized reporting of intervention studies, to enable cross-study comparisons and a systematic accrual of knowledge to identify optimal dose form for clinical application.
User‐centric data communication service strategy for 5G vehicular networks
Authors: Zhou Ying , Zhang Yuexia
Published: July 2021

To solve the problems of unbalanced network loads, poor network throughput, and low user transmission rate in 5th generation (5G) vehicular networks, a user‐centric data communication service (UCDCS) strategy is proposed for 5G vehicular networks. First, the UCDCS model is established. The access roadside unit group (ARSUG) is updated in real‐time according to predictions of vehicle mobility. Then, a data communication service resource allocation algorithm based on game theory that considers the network load cost, throughput cost, and vehicle benefit is developed. Based on the results of the algorithm, roadside unit (RSU) selection based on entropy weight is performed and the best RSU for data communication is selected according to the different service preferences of each vehicle. This improves the transmission rate for users and realizes network load balance to ensure the quality of service for users. The simulation results show that the transmission rate of the UCDCS strategy is 35.16%, 23.46%, and 47.74% higher than those of the traditional handover management (THOM), improved mobility management (IMM), and network‐centric network selection strategies (NCNS), respectively; correspondingly, the link reliability is at least 0.07% higher, and the network delay is at least 5.96% smaller for the UCDCS strategy.
Application of multi‐source information fusion based on D‐S evidence theory in insulation defect identification of DC XLPE cable
Authors: Xu Yongpeng , Li Zhe , Huang Guanglei , Qian Yong , Sheng Gehao , Jiang Xiuchen
Published: July 2021

During the installation and laying process of cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable, it is difficult to avoid the influence of external harsh environment, which leads to insulation deterioration and failure. The partial discharge and leakage current play an important role in formation mechanism, characteristic law and identification technology of DC XLPE cable defect. However, the defect identification accuracy of single source data is limited. The correlation between partial discharge and leakage current of typical defect is analysed here. Based on the shape characteristic parameters of typical DC partial discharge spectrum and the energy characteristic parameters of leakage current wavelet decomposition node, a weighted Dempster–Shafer (D‐S) evidence theory is used to fuse and identify different information sources. The results show that the classification rate of the proposed method can reach 88%, which can effectively identify insulation defects.
PaI‐Net: A modified U‐Net of reducing semantic gap for surgical instrument segmentation
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Wang Luyao , Zhong Xingyu , Bai Cong , Huang Xiaojie , Zhao Ruiyi , Xia Ming
Published: July 2021

Tracking the instruments in a surgical scene is an essential task in minimally invasive surgery. However, due to the unpredictability of scenes, automatically segmenting the instruments is very challenging. In this paper, a novel method named parallel inception network (PaI‐Net) is proposed, in which an attention parallel module (APM) and an output fusion module (OFM) are integrated with U‐Net to improve the segmentation ability. Specially, APM utilizes multi‐scale convolution kernels and global average pooling operations to extract semantic information and global context information of different scales, while OFM combines the feature maps of the decoder part to aggregate the abundant boundary information of shallow layers and the rich semantic information of deep layers together, which achieve a significant improvement in generating segmentation masks. Finally, the evaluation of proposed method on robotic instruments segmentation task from Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention Society (MICCAI) and retinal image segmentation task from International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) show that our model has achieved advanced performance on multi‐scale semantic segmentation and is superior to the current state‐of‐the‐art models.
Bandwidth‐extended single‐input switchable Doherty power amplifier based on dual compensating reactance with adjusted drain voltage
Authors: Liu Rui‐Jia , Zhu Xiao‐Wei , Xia Jing , Zhang Lei , Yu Chao , Teng Dan‐Dan , Li Hao‐Tian
Published: July 2021

This study presents a switchable Doherty power amplifier (S‐DPA) based on dual compensating reactance and adjusted drain voltage with 124% fractional bandwidth (FBW) using single‐input architecture. The proposed S‐DPA can be operated in wideband mode (WB‐MOD) and dual‐band mode (DB‐MOD) with a larger power back‐off region through one‐click switching directly. The needed back‐off impedance in both operation modes is achieved by using the dual compensating reactance for bandwidth extension. Meanwhile, a load modulation enhancement technique through adjusting the drain voltage of both the carrier and peaking amplifiers is proposed for proper load modulation in DB‐MOD. To verify the proposed techniques, an S‐DPA was designed and fabricated. Measurement results show that the proposed S‐DPA has an efficiency of 51.3%–70.3% at saturated power of higher than 43.4 dBm over the frequency band of 0.8–3.4 GHz with 124% FBW. The 6‐dB back‐off efficiency in WB‐MOD (1.3–2.9 GHz) is 45.3%–56.1% and the 8‐dB back‐off efficiency in DB‐MOD (0.8–1.3 GHz & 2.9–3.4 GHz) is 41.6%–57.9%. 80‐MHz modulated signals with 6.2‐dB and 8.2‐dB peak to average power ratios are used to evaluate the modulated signal performance in two modes. The DPA can achieve an average efficiency of up to 56% with high linearity after digital pre‐distortion linearisation.
Adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) controller design on single‐phase full‐bridge inverter with a cascade fractional‐order PID voltage controller
Authors: Saadat Seyyed Amirhosein , Ghamari Seyyed Morteza , Mollaee Hasan , Khavari Fatemeh
Published: July 2021

Adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) technique is a significant alternative of research which is structured with a combination of two soft‐computing strategies of fuzzy logic and artificial neural network. The design of ANFIS controller for a single‐phase full‐bridge inverter with pulse width modulation is demonstrated here in the presence of different disturbances. Moreover, an LC filter is designed to decrease the disturbing harmonics which the stability of the filter can be noted as an important issue. Based on the fuzzy C‐mean clustering method used for decreasing fuzzy rules, the computational burden has been improved resulting in faster dynamic performance. This method considers the system as a black‐box structure which omits the need for an exact model of system and can be an appropriate technique for ill‐defined systems. Additionally, to deal with the variations of supply DC voltage, a fractional‐order proportional‐integral‐derivative controller is designed which is tuned by particle swarm optimiser algorithm and can generate a sinusoidal reference for the system input. This double‐loop control technique is known as cascade control strategy. It can be seen that ANFIS scheme provides appropriate results with less computational burden and simple structure with optimised responses in challenging conditions. The capability of the proposed method is validated for different operating conditions through simulation and experimental results.
Uncertain accessibility estimation method for offshore wind farm based on multi‐step probabilistic wave forecasting
Authors: Zhang Hao , Yan Jie , Han Shuang , Li Li , Liu Yongqian , Infield David
Published: July 2021

Accessibility estimation is significant to the offshore wind farm operation and maintenance (O&M) due to the extremely limited weather window and its sensitive effects on O&M tasks. Wave forecasting can be one solution to help maintenance decision‐making. However, the uncertain and dynamic properties of wave forecasts are seldom considered in the accessibility estimation process. This paper presents an uncertain accessibility estimation method based on a multi‐step probabilistic wave height forecasting (MPWHF) model and Monte Carlo simulation. First, an MPWHF model is proposed using the wavelet decomposition and the sequence to sequence (Seq2Seq) network with quantile outputs. Second, the O&M missions are randomly given a start time and simulated in the O&M flow chart by the Monte Carlo method. Finally, several access indexes, including accessibility probability, delay time, and delay probability, are evaluated based on the simulation results. Verification of the proposed MPWHF model and uncertain accessibility estimation is based on 7‐year observation data of a buoy station. The results show that the MPWHF model outperforms other counterparts and the probability of offshore accessibility is nonlinearly dependent on the weather limits and the O&M required time.
Robust adaptive Kalman filter for strapdown inertial navigation system dynamic alignment
Authors: Zhu Bing , Li Ding , Li Zuohu , He Hongyang , Li Xing
Published: July 2021

The measurement noise covariance R plays a vital role in the Kalman filter (KF) algorithm. Traditionally, a constant R is obtained by experience or experiments. However, the KF cannot achieve optimal estimation using constant R under non‐Gaussian conditions. A robust strategy for adaptive estimation of R is proposed to suppress the influence of non‐Gaussian noise on the in‐motion alignment performance of the Doppler velocity log (DVL) velocity‐aided strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS). Furthermore, an improved Sage–Husa robust adaptive KF algorithm (SHRAKF) based on the Mahalanobis distance (MD) algorithm is proposed to handle the outliers that frequently occur within the complicated underwater environment. The contributions of this work are twofold—the SHRAKF (1) designs a robust strategy to adaptively estimate R in real time and (2) further improves filtering robustness and adaptability with the MD algorithm, conditional on the DVL outputs being contaminated by non‐Gaussian noise. A semi‐physical simulation experiment for SINS/DVL in‐motion alignment based on the test data is carried out, and the experimental results show that the SHRAKF adaptively estimates R in real time and effectively suppresses observational outliers. For non‐Gaussian noise pollution, including outliers and heavy‐tailed noise, the SHRAKF performs better than traditional methods.
Fast simulations of extragalactic microlensing
Authors: Shalyapin V. N. , Gil-Merino R. , Goicoechea L. J.
Published: July 2021

We present a new and very fast method for producing microlensing magnification maps at high optical depths. It is based on the combination of two approaches: (a) the two-dimensional Poisson solver for a deflection potential and (b) inverse polygon mapping. With our method we extremely reduce the computing time for the generation of magnification patterns and avoid the use of highly demanding computer resources. For example, the generation of a magnification map of size 2000 × 2000 pixels, covering a region of 20 Einstein radii, takes a few seconds on a state-of-the-art laptop. The method presented here will facilitate the massive production of magnification maps for extragalactic microlensing studies within the forthcoming surveys without the need for large computer clusters. The modest demand of computer power and a fast execution time allow the code developed here to be placed on a standard server and thus provide the public online access through a web-based interface.
Implementation of incremental yield conditions in spherical coordinates
Authors: Kalashnikov Sergey , Gurova Elena
Published: July 2021

The application of incremental plasticity conditions in the axisymmetric problem of a spherical tank loaded with internal and external pressure is considered. Inhomogeneous stress distribution leads to increased limiting gradient stresses, which depend on the internal cavity size. For the tanks of real dimensions, the magnification limits are established for different laws of approximation of the deformations’ constraint gradient effect.
The world experience analysis of ecological systems in construction on the high-rise air purification and filtration towers example
Authors: Nesterova Alisa , Danilovich Yulia
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the world experience in the construction and operation of high-rise towers with the air purification and filtrationfunction. The main advantages of this technology are considered, the pros and cons are given, as well as the examples of existing buildings and structures. It is concluded that modern urban planning focuses on environmental friendliness and energy efficiency of buildings, therefore, air purification and filtration technology is extremely relevant.
Trihedral lattice towers geometry optimization
Authors: Akhtyamova Leysan , Chepurnenko Anton , Rozen Marina , Al-Wali Ebrahim
Published: July 2021

The problem of trihedral lattice towers geometry optimization, the width of which varies linearly with height, has been considered. The variable parameters were the support width at the base and top point, as well as the cross-sectional areas of the lattice and chords. A restriction was introduced on the mass constancy. The objective function was the potential strain energy, the maximum displacement and the first frequency of natural vibrations. In the first and second cases the optimum corresponds to the minimum of the objective function, and in the third - to the maximum. The solution was performed by the finite element method in combination with four nonlinear optimization methods: the interior point method, surrogate optimization method, genetic algorithm and pattern search method. The efficiency of each of the listed optimization methods has been compared by the authors.
Analysis of the skeleton tension structure as the load-bearing structure of a one-nave hall
Authors: Palacz Przemysław , Major Maciej
Published: July 2021

In designing cubature buildings, an important stage is the selection of an appropriate construction solution, depending on the intended use and location of the designed building. When selecting the load-bearing structures, the designers strive to ensure that the structure weighs as little as possible, while meeting the strength conditions and ensuring the safe operation of the building. The article compares the load-bearing systems of the steel structure of a one-nave hall due to the economy of execution and meeting the ULS and SLS conditions. The analysis was carried out on four types of transverse system, including three frame systems with tendons and for a frame system with a lattice transom of the “N” type. Static calculations as well as dimensioning and optimization of the transverse load-bearing structures were performed in RFEM program, modelling the hall structure in 3D.
Energy modeling of the DSTU new campus business center building
Authors: Vorontsova Olga , Shvets Yulia , Sheina Svetlana
Published: July 2021

The article describes the possibilities of buildings’ energy modeling, the purpose of which is to assess the energy-saving solutions implementation effectiveness. Also, energy modeling makes it possible to analyze the application correctness of certain architectural, engineering and other design solutions. The article describes energy-saving technologies used in the design of a business center on the DSTU campus territory. Measures and technologies to improve the energy efficiency of the building have been considered, and the energy passport of the considered building has been calculated. Energy modeling of the business center building has been completed. The article contains the results of the performed energy modeling.
Assessment of spatial rigidity and stability of a building when replacing reinforced concrete ribbed plates with lightweight coating
Authors: Babalich Valentin , Sukhina Kseniya , Vilgelm Uriy , Vlasov Vladimir , Sukhin Kirill
Published: July 2021

The tasks of restoring and ensuring the normalized parameters of the operational qualities for building structures, as well as their further safe operation in the development of capital repair and reconstruction projects, in most cases include the replacement of existing heavy coating structures with alternative lightweight ones that meet the regulated modern standards.
New chronology of medieval objects in the Northern Black Sea region according to the method of determining calcite main peak intensity
Authors: Pishchulina Victoria , Kotlyar Vladimir
Published: July 2021

Determining the ancient architectural and cultural monuments’ age is an important scientific problem. The article presents the results of the ancient brickwork lime mortars study. The portlandite transformation mechanism, which initially constitutes the basis of lime mortar, into calcite is shown. It has been established that this process takes from 100 to 200 years under natural conditions and the speed of this process is influenced by temperature, humidity, peculiarities of interaction with carbon dioxide contained in the air, etc. The examples showing that portlandite is completely transformed into calcite in masonry mortars of the 18th century, and that portlandite has not been found in older mortars are given. It was determined that after portlandite transition to calcite with increasing age, an increase in the calcitere crystallization degree is observed and this is manifested in a higher intensity of calcite peaks (especially the main peak 3.03 Å), increase in the crystallinity index - the width of the peak at half maximum (FWHM) or the main peak integral width, that is, the ratio of the area to the height of the peak above the background. Factual data, which show that in older lime solutions the degree of recrystallization of calcite is higher than in younger ones, are presented. This moment makes it possible to indirectly determine the relative age of brick and masonry of various monuments with architectural heritage, which is especially relevant for the South of Russia, where the objects have been preserved using lime mortars of the northern provinces in the Byzantine ecumene and other periods of various cultures.
Thermal insulation of the tent’s heat shield in cold and hot climates
Authors: Ujma Adam , Jura Jakub
Published: July 2021

Tent structures are used in many places around the world in both cold and hot climates. They are often used in crisis situations, natural disasters and various types of rescue operations. In order to assess the thermal conditions inside the tent, it is necessary to know the thermal insulation of its external envelopes. The thermal insulation of the cover also determines the selection of equipment for heating or air conditioning the tent. The article presents tests of thermal properties of a tent fabric and the value of the heat transfer coefficient of thermal protection of an pneumatic tent. The thermal insulation of the tent covering consists of two fabric layers separated by an air gap. The research was carried out on the assumption that the tent would be used in cold and hot climate conditions. The thermal conductivity of the material and the conditions of heat transfer on its surfaces were determined. The obtained measurement data were then used to determine the thermal parameters of the tent’s thermal shield.
To the question of the building information modeling technologies transition to a new development level
Authors: Shilov Leonid , Shilova Liubov
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes the maturity level of information modeling technology based on the Bew-Richards diagram, as well as using the Gartner curve. The analysis of current publications on the keywords BIM and Building information modeling has been carried out. It has been determined that Revit software is currently the most widely used for working with construction objects, but the proposed Bentley products provide more granularity in the information model characteristics. At the same time, none of the presented products can cover the entire life cycle of a construction project without significant modifications. The authors propose to expand the set of building structures elementsэ properties, dividing them into more detailed subgroups, to use this information at further stages of the release of design documentation. Thus, the information in the model should be sufficient to release all subsequent documentation. In this case, in addition of the need to separate them in detail, information about the position of the object in world space, and not in model space, is added to the properties. As a result, it is possible to build an information system containing information sufficient for the release of all project documentation according to the proposed approach, as well as supporting the project at the operational stage. In this case, the documentation issuance is proposed to be done by writing scripts and using databases.
The use of generative design for the architectural solutions synthesis in the typical construction of residential buildings
Authors: Smorzhenkov Nikita , Ignatova Elena
Published: July 2021

The study deals with the application of generative design technology in solving architectural and construction problems. Generative design is a powerful tool for creating design choices. It is necessary to formalize the generation process, set the necessary parameters, algorithms and restrictions. The purpose of the study is to determine the possibilities of the generative design complex application in the typical construction of residential buildings. It is proposed to use the structure, floor, and section of the building as the structural modules for generating variants of buildings. In turn, module variants can be created based on generative design. It is concluded that it is possible to create a whole system of structural and parametric synthesis of architectural solutions.