bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Natural Food Colourant from Dioscorea alata (Dandila) in Sri Lanka: Development, Storage Stability and Bio-active Properties
Authors: Premachandra Erandika , Amanda Sajiwanie  , Udaya Rathnayaka
Published: May 2024

Though anthocyanins are popular as natural food colourants with additional functional properties, their instability limited their utilization in the industry. Therefore, this study aimed to formulate a natural food colourant by the microwave-assisted encapsulation of Dandila (Dioscorea alata) anthocyanins to enhance the storage stability of the pigments in ambient conditions and to study the storage stability and the bio-active properties of the formulated colourant. Acidified water was used as the solvent to extract the anthocyanins from Dandila yams. Maltodextrin and gum Arabic were tested as wall materials at three different ratios to encapsulate the extracted pigments. Storage stability, Total Phenolic content, anti-oxidant activity and anti-bacterial activity were determined using appropriate procedures. The colourant formulation encapsulated with maltodextrin (30 mg/ml) was selected as the best encapsulation treatment for Dandila anthocyanin. Anthocyanin degradation was not significant during the tested 12 months of storage period. Noteworthy values were obtained for Total Phenolic Content and anti-oxidant activity. Among the tested strains in the antimicrobial assay, the natural colourant showed inhibitory activities against Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The results confirm the successful development of a natural colourant rich in bio-active properties from Dandila anthocyanin while ensuring its storage stability in ambient conditions.
ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЧНИЙ ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗОК КАТЕГОРІЙ В СИСТЕМІ БРЕНДИНГУ
Authors: Карачина Наталія , Дихніч Дмитро , Самофалова Марія
Published: May 2024

Здійснено уточнення понятійного апарату категорій в системі брендингу. Визначено, що основні напрямки трактування сутності бренду: унікальна додана значимість об’єкта, система тотожності та сукупність оцінок споживачів щодо об’єкту. Обгрунтовано складові бренда – назва товару; враження споживачів про об’єкт, асоціації, очікування та висока вартість і суспільне визнання. Розкрили термінологічний взаємозв'язок категорій: «товарний знак», «торгова марка», «бренд». Визначили, що поняття бренд, торгова марка і товарний знак тісно взаємопов'язані, але при цьому не є взаємозамінними. Обґрунтували, що торгову марку доцільно розкривати як назву, малюнок, символ чи їх поєднання, які призначені для визначення об’єкта. Водночас товарний знак – це торгова марка, яка зареєстрована відповідно до встановленого порядку та має юридичний захист. Відносно сутності бренду, то обґрунтували, що це – відома торгова марка або товарний знак, які в свідомості споживачів асоціюються з певними очікуваними вигодами та цінностями.
ВІЗУАЛІЗАЦІЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ: РОЗКІШ ЧИ НЕОБХІДНІСТЬ?
Authors: Соколова Наталя Олегівна , Бешта Лілія Валеріївна , Бешта Дмитро Олександрович
Published: May 2024

У статті розглянуто роль візуальних елементів у формуванні позитивного досвіду користувача й ефективності комунікації в цифровому середовищі. Зазначено, що візуальна інформація має фізіологічно обумовлену перевагу над текстом для людини. Робиться акцент на важливості візуальної привабливості контенту в цифровій рекламі та її впливу на маркетингові стратегії. Наведено дані щодо зростання обсягу цифрової інформації в останні роки та прогнози на майбутнє. Великі обсяги даних, які важко сортувати та розуміти, зробили візуалізацію більш важливою, допомагаючи прискорити обробку й подання даних. У статті обговорюється значення візуалізації в сучасному суспільстві, підкреслена її важливість у галузях технічних і природничих наук. Наголошується на значенні наукової візуалізації у зрозумінні складних даних і розкривається її вплив на розвиток науки. Текст розглядає наукову візуалізацію як процес графічного відображення наукових даних, що визначається як важливий компонент творчої реалізації наукових ідей. Особливий акцент робиться на ролі візуалізації в уникненні очевидних висновків і дослідженні невідомого.
ПІДГОТОВКА МАЙБУТНІХ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ ДО ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ: ДОСВІД КАНАДИ
Authors: ГРИЦАНЮК Віта , КОСТИШИН Емілія
Published: May 2024

Професія соціального працівника є надзвичайно актуальною в Канаді, вона відіграє важливу роль у вирішенні різноманітних соціальних проблем та сприянні благополуччю окремих осіб, сімей та громад. У Канаді понад сорок вищих навчальних закладів пропонують акредитовані програми бакалаврату (BSW) або магістратури (MSW). Сім із цих навчальних закладів пропонують програми соціальної роботи, орієнтовані на корінне населення, а навчальний план базується на духовності, знаннях і підходах першої нації. Після отримання бакалавра майбутні спеціалісти повинні отримати ліцензію або сертифікат для практики соціального працівника в Канаді. Вимоги до ліцензування відрізняються залежно від провінції та території. Окреслено, що спектр професійної діяльності соціальних працівників в Канаді надзвичайно широкий, вони можуть працювати в різних місцях, включаючи лікарні, школи, психіатричні клініки, установи соціального обслуговування тощо. Соціальні працівники відіграють важливу роль у громадах корінних народів, вирішуючи унікальні проблеми, пов’язані зі збереженням культури, освітою, охороною здоров’я та соціальним добробутом, поважаючи традиції та цінності корінного населення. Проаналізовано алгоритм отримання професії соціального працівника в Канаді. Зокрема визначено, що потрібно здійснити наступні кроки: отримати ступінь бакалавра соціальної роботи, під час навчання займатися волонтерською діяльність в соціальній сфері; здати іспит в організації, яка відповідальна за підготовку соціальних працівників в тій провінції, де ви збираєтеся працювати, і отримати ліцензію або сертифікат; з початком професійної діяльності потрібно приєднатися до професійної організації, такої як Канадська асоціація соціальних працівників (CASW); щоб зберегти ліцензію постійно професійно розвиватися, брати участь у конференціях, вебінарах, семінарах. Зроблено висновки, що актуальність професії соціального працівника у Канаді підкреслюється прихильністю країни до соціальної справедливості, прав людини та добробуту своїх громадян. Вони відіграють вирішальну роль у просуванні соціальних змін, справедливості та інклюзивності в канадському суспільстві.
The Mexican Beekeeping Agri-food System: A descriptive analysis
Authors: ZALDÍVAR CRUZ JUAN MANUEL , Alvarez Sanchez Geiner Francisco , Sauri Duch Enrique , Sol Sanchez Angel , Mosocoso Ramirez Pedro Antonio , Sanchez Chino Xariss Miryam
Published: May 2024

O
production in Mexico.
Design/Methodology/Approach: We used the Food Balance Sheet obtained from the FAOSTAT website and the statistics of livestock production in Mexico recovered from the website of the Servicio de Información Agrícola y Pesquera (SIAP). We chose ten variables: production, import, export, per capita consumption, number of hives, production volume, economic value, price paid to producers, yield, and revenue per unit. The analysis describes the variables in the last recorded year at a global and local level, as well as the changes and trends according to the available historical records.
Results: In 2019, Mexico held the ninth place in honey production with 64,000 t and had the capacity to export around 50 % of said production. Between 2006 and 2016, the number of hives increased by 6 %, while production volume and yield decreased by 1.6 % and 7.5 %. In contrast, the economic value, the price paid to producers, and the revenue per unit increased by 14 %, 5.7 %, and 8.5 %.
Study limitations/Implications: This type of study relies on records of statistical information systems, whose availability depends on the variable of interest.
Findings/Conclusions:In Mexico, beekeeping is practiced throughout the country, making it self-sufficient in terms of domestic honey consumption while allowing its participation in the international market. Therefore, the country has optimization opportunities, especially in the central and northern areas, that have the lowest number of hives and production volume levels
Levels of fat for potential consumption of juvenile Ambystoma mexicanum axolotls: Lipid levels
Authors: Manjarrez-Alcívar Itzel , Martínez Cantera Leonardo , Vega-Villasante Fernando , Badillo-Zapata Daniel , Montoya-Martínez Cynthia E. , López-Félix Erick F.
Published: May 2024

Objective: The present study focused on the effect of different lipid levels on growth (weight and length) and survival in juvenile Ambystoma mexicanum.
Design/methodology/approach: Four diets with the same 45% protein level and different lipid levels: 6, 8, 10 and 12% were tested for a period of 81 days. For the preparation of the diets, two key ingredients were used, such as fishmeal and fish oil, these as protein base and lipid source. The experiment consisted of placing six organisms per experimental unit in tubs with 40 L of water for a period of 81 days; period during which four biometrics were performed, the organisms were fed every 48 hours to the weight of their biomass. The digestibility of the diets, initial and final height, initial and final weight, weight gained, weight gained per day, specific growth rate, survival, Fulton index and protein efficiency rate were recorded.
Results: At the end of the experiment, significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in the growth and survival of the axolotls in the diets of 8, 10 and 12% lipids.
Limitations on study/implications: A wider range of lipid levels could not be tested, due to the number of individuals available for the experiment.
Findings/conclusions: According to the data obtained in this study, it is recommended to include a level of 45% protein and 8% lipids in the diets of juvenile Ambystoma mexicanum, for their better development and nutrition.
Bibliometric analysis of wastewater treatment with microalgae in the period 1985–2023
Authors: Santillán Ángeles Abel , Quevedo-Nolasco Abel , Macedo-Cruz Antonia , Rico-Sánchez Axel Eduardo , Zamora-Morales Bertha Patricia
Published: May 2024

E
Objective. To indicate the condition of the wastewater treatment with microalgae (WTwM) research.
Methodology. The words treatment, wastewater, and microalgae, were entered as keywords in a search under "article title" in SCOPUS. The documents found were saved and exported as a file with a .bb extension. From R Studio, the BIBLIOMETRIX interface was linked to R Statistics. The interface was opened from MOZILLA to import the .bb file.
Results. There is a significant increase in the number of papers published since 2013, up to 68 articles in 2022. The authors with the highest number of contributions on the subject are Ivet Ferrer and Joan García. The countries most involved in this issue are China, Spain, India and Brazil; China is the one with the highest number of publications. The WTwM studies in 2023 are concerned with investigating biomass accumulation and nutrient removal as a way to make sustainable use of the process. Conclusions. WTwM is a research topic that is studying and disseminating knowledge since the 80's. The author who stands out the most is Ivet Ferrer. China has little collaboration with scientists from other countries. The most recent WTwM studies address issues related to biodiesel production and biogas production. The topics to be addressed in future research will be related to the study of temperature, osmotic capacity, pH and O2 levels.
Comparative analysis of the chemical quality of fishmeal produced on the Northwest coast of Mexico
Authors: Lizárraga-Hernández Francisco Draco , Soberanes-Yepiz Maritza L. , CORTES JACINTO Edilmar , Rangel-Dávalos Carlos , Cienfuegos-Martínez Kathia
Published: May 2024

Objective: To evaluate the physico-chemical quality of fishmeal produced by four companies in different states of the Republic (Baja California Sur, Jalisco and Sinaloa).
Design/methodology/approach: The analyzed fishmeals were from six batches, sardine meal from California pilchard and Pacific thread herring (S. sagax and O. libertate), and skipjack tuna and (K. pelamis) processed by different Mexican companies. Proximal chemical analysis was carried out at the Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR).
Results: The fishmeal’s quality parameters analyzed in this study showed similar values to those reported in the literature. The variations observed in their proximate chemical composition allow them to be classified according to the results of the analyses.
Limitations on study/implications: Considering that four of the six flours were produced from the same raw material, S. sagax, the high variability in their physico-chemical quality parameters indicates a lack of standardization in both production methods and quality controls among the producing companies.
Findings/conclusions:  K. pelamis by-products can produce meals of equal or better physico-chemical quality than those produced from S. sagax. The development of official regulations establishing quality standards to fishmeal production at national level is desirable for competitiveness.
Retakers Pledge: An Experiential Learning
Authors: Damuag Esmeraldo , Sabijon Dodelon , Nillama Vanzniel Rover , Suelto Maymay
Published: May 2024

The study explores the lived experiences of Criminology Licensure Examination re-takers. The text details the participants' experiences leading up to, during, and following the licensure examination. It explores how the Criminology Licensure Examination impacted the participants and discusses the adjustments they made to enhance their performance in the exam. It utilized the qualitative research method employing the phenomenological approach. Twelve participants of this study were re-takers of the criminology licensure examination. Three re-takers of the criminology licensure examination from the review center of Cebu City and nine re-takers of the criminology licensure examination from the review center in Mandaue City, Philippines. Nine individuals were selected for comprehensive interviews from a criminology review center in Mandaue City. In contrast, three were interviewed through Focused Group Discussion (FGD) from the criminology review center in Cebu City, Philippines. The participants were selected through purposive sampling, focusing on individuals registered for review classes at centers in Cebu City and Mandaue City. Seventeen themes were created to answer the sub-problems of this study. These were: Enlightenment is the Key to Success, Self-assurance Reaching Lifetime Goals, Strong Intimate Support, Time Constraints the Clue of Anxiety, Eagerness in Achieving Objectives, Assertive Attitude Produces Positive results, Infirmities Defeating the Purpose, Discomfort Runs into Trouble, Misconception Affects the Reality, Passion Reflects the Result, Unacceptable Moments in Life, Failures Ruins the Ambition, Dynamic Opening's in the Right Place and the Right Place, Linking's in Public and Private Service, Primary of Interest in Meeting the Purpose, Responsive Commitment in Achieving Goals, and Hard work is the Key to Success.
B-HEMATIN INHIBITION ACTIVITY OF THE METHANOL LEAF EXTRACT AND RESIDUAL AQUEOUS FRACTION OF FICUS ASPERIFOLIA
Authors: Abdullahi Ibrahim Doma , Yaro Abdullahi Hamza , Gudaji Mustapha Ibrahim
Published: May 2024

Chemotherapy is still regarded as the major intervention in fighting the malaria scourge despite the recent introduction of malaria vaccine. Screening of medicinal plants provides opportunities for the discovery of the potential drug molecules. Ficus asperifolia (Miq) family Moraceae has been traditionally employed in the treatment of many diseases including pain, fever and malaria. The aim of this study was to examine the anitmalarial activity of both the methanol leaf extract (MEFA) and residual aqueous fraction of Ficus asperifolia (RAF) through the determination of their heme polymerization inhibition ability. The powdered leaf was extracted using 70%
EFFECT OF WASTE ENGINE OIL ON PROXIMATE, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND ANTIBACTERIAL CONSTITUENTS OF Teffairia Occidentalis (PUMPKIN LEAF)
Authors: Atuanya E. I. , Sunday E. , Aso Rufus E.
Published: May 2024

The improper disposal of waste engine oil effluent onto gutters, open lands, and cultivated farm lands is a common practice in Nigeria, especially among mechanics. These effluents contain substances derived from hydrocarbons that can diminish soil fertility and also influence the properties of plants. This study was consequently undertaken to examine the effects of waste engine oil on the nutritional, phytochemical, and antibacterial constituents of Telfairia occidentalis (Pumpkin leaf). Various levels (0ml, 100ml, 200ml, 300ml, and 400ml) of diesel oil contamination were mixed with 2 kilograms (kg) of soil, with each treatment replicated three times. Plants were watered daily for four months, and after 16 weeks, leaf samples were collected for laboratory analysis. The nutritional composition, phytochemical properties, and antibacterial components of the leaves were examined. The results indicated a significant reduction (P<0.05) in protein (12±0.02), fats (7±0.02), ash (15±0.25), fiber (10±0.03), and carbohydrate (10±0.25) content in the 400ml waste oil treatment compared to the control (0ml) values (protein: 38±0.01, crude fat: 25±0.13, total ash: 45±0.07, crude fiber: 36±0.15, carbohydrate: 42±0.04). Phytochemical analysis demonstrated a noteworthy decrease in alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and phenols as waste oil levels increased in the soil, compared to the control (0ml). The antibacterial activity screening revealed that among the various concentrations (80mg/ml, and 20mg/100 ml) of extracts studied, 80g/ 100 ml showed the highest degree of inhibition on all the test organisms. However, there was a notable reduction in inhibition as the level of waste oil pollution increased in the soil, compared to the control...
ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS USED TRADITIONALLY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF VARIOUS AILMENTS IN KAURA NAMODA, ZAMFARA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Tukur Khalid , Musawa Bello Bello , Abubakar Mukhtar Lawal , Muhammad Mustapha Sani , Abba Hammanjoda Salihu
Published: May 2024

The research was carried out between December 2022 and March 2023. Eighty-eight (88) informants provided information on traditional knowledge via a semi-structured questionnaire. The demographic data of the respondents was presented using descriptive statistics. The popularity of the referenced species was examined using Use Consensus Values (UCs) and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC). There were 88 informants, of which 27% were women and 73% were men. Most respondents (35 percent) are between the ages of 51 and 60. Just 6.8% of the respondents were single, while the majority, 80.7%, were married of the responders, and 64.8% had never attended college. Herbalists made up 42 percent of the respondents. A total of twenty-four (24) families' worth of plant species were collected. The dominant family is called Fabaceae with eighteen (18) members, and malvaceae, with three (3) and four (4) members, in order of precedence. There was one (1) member in each of the following families: SolanaceaeAsteraceae, Asclepiadaceae, Zingiberaceae, Curcubitaceae, Convulvolaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Apocynaceae, Ebanaceae, Rutaceae, Moringaceae, Rubiaceae, Zygophylaceae, and Annonaceae The plant Azadirachta indica exhibited the greatest Use Concensus Value (UC) of 0.40 and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) of 0.20. Most plants are used to treat a variety of conditions, including piles, diabetes etc., asthma, malaria, typhoid, stomachaches, anti-snake bites, diarrhea, yellow fever, whereas certain herbs arouse libidinal urges.
ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE AND VEGETATION USING MODIS NDVI AND LST TIMESERIES DATA IN KADUNA METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
Authors: Abubakar Muhammad Lawal , Thomas Dorcas , Ahmed Muhammad Sambo , Abdussalam Auwal Farouk
Published: May 2024

This study assessed the relationship between land surface temperature (LST) and vegetation using MODIS NDVI and LST timeseries data in Kaduna Metropolis. MOD13Q1 and MOD11A2 datasets were accessed using Google Earth Engine. Mann-Kendall trend test was used to analyse the trends in LST and NDVI. Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient and Linear Regression were used to examine the relationship between LST and NDVI. Mann-Kendall trend test revealed monotonic downward trend in NDVI with a Z-statistics of -1.2758, but upward trend in daytime and nighttime LST, with a Z-statistics of 0.567 and 2.107 respectively. For the relationship, vegetation showed strong negative relationship with daytime LST with -0.704. Vegetation also showed weak positive relationship with nighttime LST. The linear regression analysis revealed that vegetation was able to predict 49.5% of LST in Kaduna Metropolis, with R2 value of 0.495 and a standard error of estimate is 2.459. The study concluded that loss of vegetation is responsible for the increase in land surface temperature. The study therefore recommended regulatory agencies should ensure that trees are planted whenever they are removed due to infrastructural development in order to prevent UHI phenomenon and planting of trees should be encouraged in order to regulate the urban climate.
ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME HYDRAZONES SYNTHESIZED FROM NICOTINIC ACID HYDRAZIDE
Authors: Muhammad Ahmad , Ibrahim Hamisu , Ayo Rachael G. , Fapojuwo Dele P. , Tshentu Zenixole R.
Published: May 2024

N’-(2-pyridinylmethylene)nicotinohydrazide A, N’-(4-pyridinylmethylene)nicotinohydrazide B, N’-(2- ethoxybenzylidene)nicotinohydrazide C, N’-(4- ethoxybenzyldene)nicotinohydrazide D and N’-(2-hydroxyl-5-methoxybenzylidene)nicotinohydrazide E, was prepared by refluxing the ethanolic solution of nictonic acid hydrazide and ethanolic solutions of 2-pyridinrcarboxaldehyde, 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 2-ethoxybenzaldehyde, 4-ethoxybenzaldehyde and 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde in 1:1 mole ratio for 4 hours in a separate reactions. The compounds obtained had a melting point between (120-236 oC) and a percentage yield between (52.38-77.70 %). They were crystalline solids. The compounds' solubility were assessed in water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, hexane, diethyl ether, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethyl acetate, and chloroform. The substances were discovered to be fully soluble in DMSO and methanol. FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR were used for the characterization of the compounds. The antibacterial and antifungal properties were tested against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, S. aureus, S. typhi, P. aeruginosa, A. nigre, A. flavus, and C. albicans. The zones of inhibitions ranged from 22 to 28 mm and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were found to be 0.063 mg/mL, 0.125 mg/mL and 0.125 mg/mL respectively. These indicated that the compounds might be good potential drug candidates.
OCCURRENCE OF VIRULENCE GENES OF Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli IN VENDED FOODS IN SELECTED MOTOR-PARKS IN OBIO/AKPOR, RIVERS STATE
Authors: Darlington Peace , Eruteya Onoriode Christian , Akomah-Abadaike Onyinyechi N.
Published: May 2024

The study aimed at evaluating the microbiological safety of vended foods in selected motor parks in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria. Forty-eight samples obtained from four motor parks (Choba, Rumuokoro, Eliozu and Oil-mill Park) were analyzed using standard microbiological methods for total heterotrophic bacteria count, virulent and antibiotic resistant profiles of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Total heterotrophic bacteria count ranged from 4.60 to 8.39 log10CFU/g. A total of 10 (20.83%) samples were positive for S. aureus while 14 (29.17%) were positive for E. coli. Total staphylococcal and Escherichia coli counts ranged from 4.89 to 7.01 and 2.70 to 5.31 log10cfu/g, respectively. Both bacteria were 100% resistant to augmentin. The confirmed E. coli showed varying resistant to cefixime (50%), ceftazidime (42.86%), cefuroxim (14.29%) and ofloxacin (7.14%); while S. aureus also showed varying resistant to erythromycin (10.00%), ceftriaxone (90.00%), cloxacillin (100.00%) and gentamycin (0.00%) The confirmed E. coli produced the expected bands for the E. coli attaching and effusing (eaeA), aggregative adherence fimbriae (aggR) and antimicrobial sensitivity testing (astA) virulence genes while S. aureus did not produce the expected bands with staphylococcal enterotoxin A (sea) and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (seb) genes. The detection of virulence gene bearing E. coli and multiple antibiotic resistant E. coli and S. aureus portends danger for commuters who patronizes these foods, hence the need for urgent public health interventions.
UPTAKE OF Co(II), Pb(II) AND Ni(II) IONS BY Annona senegalensis STEM BARK BIOCHAR FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION: OPTIMIZATION, KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC STUDIES
Authors: Omale Aminu , Ekere Nwachukwu R. , Omale Jamila A. , Ihedioha Janefrances N. , Egu Samuel A.
Published: May 2024

The concern for heavy metal pollution in the environment is especially so since they are non-biodegradable. The use of agro materials in the removal of these heavy metal pollutants has been recognized as a low-cost alternative to the costly conventional remediation techniques. The equilibrium sorption of the chemically activated Anonna senegalensis stem bark was investigated. Using standard techniques, the physicochemical properties of activated carbon (MAASC) were ascertained. By using a simultaneous batch adsorption approach, the adsorption of Co2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+ onto MAASC was examined as a function of pH, solution temperature, initial metal ion concentration, agitation time, adsorbent dose, particle size, and carbonization temperature. The equilibrium sorption data generated were fitted into Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models as well as pseudo first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models. From the obtained results, it was discovered that the Langmuir isotherm provided the best match conformation of all the models, except for Pb2+, which was best for Freundlich with an R2 of 0.95. Physisorption was shown to be the mechanism by Dubinin-Radushkevich. For Co2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+, respectively, the pseudo second-order kinetic model had R2 values of 0.997, 0.999, and 0.999 that best matched the data. Both intraparticle diffusion and the boundary layer effect also contributed to regulating the rates of the adsorption process. The study's thermodynamic results showed that Ho for Co2+, Pb2+, and Ni2+ were 27.51, 19.70, and 13.37 KJ/mol, respectively. These values are all positive and suggest an endothermic reaction, supporting the physisorption mechanism.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BENTONITE CLAY CATALYSTS FOR TRANSESTERIFICATION OF WASTE COOKING OIL INTO BIODIESEL
Authors: Usman Faruk , Alkali Muhammad
Published: May 2024

The development of low-cost green catalytic materials is crucial for the conversion of non-edible vegetable oils or waste materials into biodiesel. The research focuses on the preparation and characterization of aluminium pillared clay and NaOH-doped bentonite clay catalysts for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using XRF, XRD, FTIR and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. The molecular profile and functional group assessment of the biodiesel were done using GC-MS and FTIR respectively. XRF analysis revealed the presence of oxides in all samples. The amount of SiO2 in all samples was within the range of 35.303–39.199 wt%. Al2O3 increased from 15.560 to 19.11 wt%, while the interlayer cations decreased after pillaring. FTIR revealed the appearance of peaks which are characteristic of bentonite. The pillaring and impregnation of NaOH with bentonite led to a distortion of certain peaks' intensity, as evidenced by FTIR results. The pillaring caused an increase in BET surface area and pore volume compared to bentonite from 302.1 to 366.4 m2/g, and 0.186 to 0.189 cc/g respectively, while a decrease in surface area and pore volume was observed in NaOH/bentonite due to impregnation. The XRD data have shown the increase of basal d-spacing of pillared clay from 12.65 to 16.49 Å relative to bentonite with a decrease to 12.45 in the case of NaOH/bentonite. The catalysts prepared outperformed neat bentonite with NaOH/bentonite, resulting in the highest yield of (83 ± 1.80). GC-MS, FTIR, and physicochemical analyses confirmed the production of fatty acid methyl esters.
APPLICATION OF TRANSPORTATION MODEL TO SOLVE TANKERS’ – ROUTING PROBLEM
Authors: Ogumeyo S. A. , Omole C. E. O.
Published: May 2024

The problem of selecting minimum cost routes for tankers in distributing petroleum products and satisfying customers’ requirement without scarcity in Nigeria remains a huge challenge to major marketers in the oil industries. The cost of transporting petroleum products from sources to destinations matters a lot to oil marketers because of the direct impact it has on their profits. The means of distributing petroleum products from refineries to depots or filling stations are tankers’ routing and pipelines. In this research, we extended some existing tankers’-routing models in literature which use a discrete integer programming approach to determine efficient and effective distribution of petroleum products. Consequently, we developed a new transportation linear programming algorithm to determine minimum cost routes in the delivery of petroleum product from their supply centers (refinery) to demand centers (filling stations). The significance of the application we adopted in this research lies in the modified distribution approach to tackle the complexity involved when transportation problems are formulated as linear programming problem having several variables and constraints. In this research, we formulate a new version of transportation model of tankers’ routing with the aim of reducing the cost of petroleum products delivery. The proposed transportation linear programming model was applied to a numerical example alongside other existing transportation algorithms. It is observed that, the new algorithm produced approximately the same total cost obtained by using other existing algorithms
Investigation of Azole Resistance Involving cyp51A and cyp51B Genes in Clinical Aspergillus flavus Isolates
Authors: Ghorbel Dhoha , Amouri Imen , Khemekhem Nahed , Neji Sourour , Trabelsi Houaida , Elloumi Moez , Sellami Hayet , Makni Fattouma , Ayadi Ali , Hadrich Ines
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to investigate azole resistance mechanisms in Aspergillus flavus, which involve cyp51A and cyp51B genes. Real-time Reverse Transcriptase qPCR method was applied to determine the overexpression of cyp51A and cyp51B genes for 34 A. flavus isolates. PCR sequencing of these two genes was used to detect the presence of gene mutations. Susceptibility test found sensitivity to voriconazole (VOR) in all strains. 14.7% and 8.8% of isolates were resistant to itraconazole (IT) and posaconazole (POS), respectively, with a cross-resistance in 5.8%. For the double resistant isolates (IT/POS), the expression of cyp51A was up to 17-fold higher. PCR sequencing showed the presence of 2 mutations in cyp51A: a synonymous point mutation (P61P) in eight isolates, which did not affect the structure of CYP51A protein, and another non synonymous mutation (G206L) for only the TN-33 strain (cross IT/POS resistance) causing an amino acid change in the protein sequence. However, we noted in cyp51B the presence of the only non-synonymous mutation (L177G) causing a change in amino acids in the protein sequence for the TN-31 strain, which exhibits IT/POS cross-resistance. A short single intron of 67 bp was identified in the cyp51A gene, whereas three short introns of 54, 53, and 160 bp were identified in the cyp51B gene. According to the models provided by PatchDock software, the presence of non-synonymous mutations did not affect the interaction of CYP51A and CYP51B proteins with antifungals. In our study, the overexpression of the cyp51A and cyp51B genes is the primary mechanism responsible for resistance in A. flavus collection. Nevertheless, other resistance mechanisms can be involved.
KONFLIK PADA DESA ADAT DI BALI : MASALAH DAN SOLUSI PENYELESAIANNYA
Authors: Bontot I Nyoman
Published: May 2024

Keberadaan desa adat di Bali memiliki tujuan sebagai wadah bagi warganya (krama) untuk mencapai kesejahteraan dan kebahagian (jagadhita). Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, setiap krama desa mendapatkan hak dan kewajiban yang diatur dalam awig-awig dan perarem sebagai aturan turunan.  Berdasarkan peran dan fungsi tersebut seharusnya kehidupan masyarakat desa adat di Bali harmonis dan nirkonflik.  Namun, pada kenyataannya sering terjadi konflik, seolah tidak pernah tuntas.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji peran dan fungsi desa adat, penyebab terjadinya konflik, dan solusi untuk meredakan konflik yang dialami desa adat di Bali.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi.  Menggunakan data sekunder dikumpulkan dari beberapa hasil penelitian terdahulu.  Permasalahan dianalisis menggunakan Teori Struktural Fungsional dan Teori Konflik Sosial.  Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa desa ada memiliki peran dan fungsi sebagai wadah warganya untuk mencapai tujuan, yaitu jagadhita, konflik yang terjadi di desa adat adalah konflik sosial yang disebabkan oleh ketidakpatuhan warga terhadap awig-awig dan kuasa para elit yang tidak adil, dan  konflik pada desa adat perlu diselesaikan dengan multi pendekatan.
Arak Bali Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Karangasem Bali Perspektif Sosioreligius
Authors: Putra I Wayan Sunampan
Published: May 2024

Arak Bali merupakan salah satu kebudayaan Bali yang di dalamnya terdapat  kebudayaan universal.  Baik halnya sistem kepercayaan, sistem sosial, sistem pengetahuan, teknologi, sistem ekonomi, bahasa dan kesenian.  Namun dalam perkembangannya, arak Bali memperlihatkan adanya kontradiksi. Kontradiksi yang terlihat yakni memiliki dua sisi yang bertentangan baik yang bersifat positif maupun negatif sebagai sistem kebudayaan. Namun dibalik kontradiksinya, arak Bali tetap eksis dalam kehidupan masyarakat Bali. Adapun alasan mengapa arak Bali masih bisa eksis yakni karena adanya faktor teologis, faktor sosiologis dan faktor ekonomi. Penggunaan arak Bali dalam masyarakat biasanya digunakan sebagai pendukung aktivitas reitual. Digunakan sebagai perekat hubungan solidaritas. Dari penggunaannya, maka arak Bali tentu berimplikasi terhadapa kebudayaan Bali, yakni implikasi dalam aspek teologis. Implikasi terhadap hubungan sosial, dan implikasi terhadap perekonomian masyarakat.
SENI DALAM UPACARA DEWA YADNYA UMAT HINDU DI KOTA PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Wiranata A.A Gede , Sarma Nyoman
Published: May 2024

Seni memiliki posisi yang sangat mendasar karena dalam upacara tidak terlepas dari seni begitu juga dengan kehidupan masyarakat tidak terlepas dari dunia seni, Seni erat kaitannya dengan kegiatan, upacara menciptakan atau mewujudkan sesuatu berupa ide, gagasan, pengalaman, pengetahuan yang perwujudannya harus memenuhi nilai estetika. Estetik atau estetika sering dihubungkan dengan cabang ilmu “filsafat” tentang keindahan yaitu teori keindahan yang menerangkan serta membahas tentang keindahan tersebut. Sedangkan seni yang digunakan oleh umat Hindu dipalangka raya banyak mengunakan berbagai seni yang berkaitan dengan Upacara dari urain latar belakang diatas penulis sangat tertarik untuk mengangkat sebuah tulisan dengan judul Seni dalam Upacara dewa yadnya Umat Hindu di Kota Palangka Raya. Sedankan Konsep Yang digunakann yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah Konsep Seni, Upacara Dewa yadnya, Umat Hindu. Seni Sebagai Simbol Satyam, Siwam Sundharam dilaksanakan oleh umat Hindu yang ada di kota palangka raya maka sekecil apapun pelaksanaan ritual tidak bisa terlepas dari aktivitas seni dan budaya yang mendukungnya. Jika dicermati apa yang dilakukan umat Hindu di dalam melaksanakan aktivitas ritual keagamaan yang seolah manunggal dengan berbagai aktivitas seni dan budaya, sehingga sulit ditafsirkan mana aktivitas seni, budaya dan agama. Hal ini disebabkan oleh karena di dalam setiap aktivitas ritual keagamaan yang dilaksanakan oleh umat Hindu selalu dibarengi dengan berbagai aktivitas seni dan budaya. Jika disimak secara mendalam maka bisa dikatakan bagi umat Hindu bahwa seni dan budaya itu adalah merupakan salah satu alat atau media pelaksanaan ajaran agama yang disajikan dan dipersembahkan secara tulus ikhlas oleh umat Hindu melalui konsep “ Ngayah atau gotong Royong, jika ada seorang seniman yang mau menari, menabuh atau apapun bentuknya maka kita akan selalu mendengar kata “ Ngayah ini bisa juga di katakana persembahan suci kehadapan Ida Hyang Widhi Wasa atau Tuhan Yang Maha Esa sebagai simbol kebenaran, kesucian dan keindahan ( Satyam, Siwam, Sundharam ).
Türkiye’de Uzaktan Çalışma Konusu Üzerine Hazırlanan Lisansüstü Tezlerin Bibliyometrik Bir Analizi
Authors: Ertürk Merve , Acar Osman Kürşat
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada “uzaktan çalışma” konusuna yönelik ilgi artışını görebilmek adına konu üzerine hazırlanmış olan lisansüstü tezlerin bibliyometrik bir analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma verileri Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanında yer alan, 2005-2021 yılları arasında hazırlanan ve belli elemelerden geçirildikten sonra geri kalan 104 lisansüstü tezden elde edilmiştir. Tezlerin bibliyometrik analizi yapılırken “tez türü”, “yayın dili”, “yayın yılı”, “hazırlandığı üniversite”, “enstitü”, “anabilim dalı”, “danışman unvanı”, “ilişkilendirilen konu”, “çalışmanın yöntemi”, “sayfa sayısı”, “tez yazarının cinsiyeti” ve “anahtar sözcükler” gibi kategoriler belirlenmiştir. Bu kategoriler üzerinden analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda; lisansüstü tezlerin büyük oranda 2021 yılında, yüksek lisans düzeyinde, sosyal bilimler enstitüsü ve işletme anabilim dalı bünyesinde ve Türkçe olarak hazırlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Tezlerin %61,5’inin 2021 yılında hazırlanması son dönemde konuya olan ilgi artışını gözler önüne sermiştir. Ayrıca uzaktan çalışma konusu en fazla hukuki boyut, çalışan deneyimi, örgütsel bağlılık, iş-yaşam dengesi ve performans gibi açılardan ele alınmıştır.
Analysıs of Foreıgn Direct Investment Policies and of the Performance of FDI Flows into Türkiye
Authors: Çetin Rahmi
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this paper is to overview Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policies and legal framework over the years in Türkiye and analyze the performance of FDI inflows to the country by using total and sectoral FDI data over the period 1970-2022. With the recognition of positive spillover effects of FDI in bringing foreign exchanges, as well as new technologies, managerial and marketing skills to domestic industries, Türkiye opened its economic activities to foreign capitals by adopting liberal FDI laws and regulations in 1980, 1989, 2003 and 2012. Our study shows that immediately after these years, both aggregate FDI inflows and their sectoral distributions in Türkiye has changed dramatically. For instance, after the implementation of the FDI law in 2003, the service sector attracted the most of total FDI inflows.
The Value of Islamic Education in The Nahu Sanamang Tradition at Negeri Tulehu
Authors: Umarella Samad Umarella , Hamka Syamsuar Hamka
Published: May 2024

The problem in this research is how to implement the Nahu Sanamang tradition in Negeri Tulehu, Salahutu District, Central Maluku Regency and the values of Islamic education in that tradition. The type of research used is qualitative research, by using an ethnographic approach. The techniques used including observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques consist of data reduction, data presentation, and conclution. The results of the research on the implementation of the Nahu Sanamang tradition were carried out at the house of the man who was getting married, starting with a proposal containing determining the number of assets and determining the day for carrying out the Nahu Sanamang tradition, followed by the preparation process until the closing of the implementation of the tradition. Nahu Sanamang itself was born as a forum for brotherly ties for all the people of Negeri Tulehu to work hand to lighten the burden on families who are going to get married. The values of Islamic education in the Nahu Sanamang tradition in Negeri Tulehu, Salahutu District, and Central Maluku Regency reflect a good that must be done in part from the values of aqeedah or belief, alms values, silaturrahim values, tolerance values, and helpful values as a means of strengthening kinship relation between communities in Negeri Tulehu.
Analysis Of Yanbu'a Method In Improving Reading and Writing Arabic Pegon
Authors: Nailah Nailah haflah , Anita Anita pujiastutik , Budi Budi hariyanto
Published: May 2024

Pendidikan memiliki pengaruh yang tidak terbatas. Sehingga jika ingin pendidikan itu dapat berjalan dengan baik, maka komponen-komponenyanya harus terpenuhi terlebih dahulu. Adapun komponen tersebut adalah adanya pendidik, peserta didik, tujuan, materi, metode, alat/media dan lingkungan/tempat. Komponen pendidikan yang baik akan mampu menciptakan generasi-generasi yang baik pula. Dalam mendidik seorang anak tidak hanya  dengan pembelajaran formal saja, namun juga dilengkapi dengan pengetahuan agama. Harapan tertinggi dalam sebuah keluarga saat ini  adalah tercetaknya generasi Qur’ani yang sholeh dan sholehah, yang berguna bagi nusa, bangsa dan agamanya, sehingga diperlukannya pendidikan Al Qur’an yang baik dan tidak sembarangan. Saat ini ada banyak sekali variasi metode pembelajaran Al Qur’an, namun tidak banyak yang mempengaruhi minat anak dalam mengkaji Al Qur’an. Penelitian ini dilakukan  penedekatan kualitatif dengan pendekata deskriptif, yakni penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa kata atau lisan, sehingga data yang didapat lebih akurat. Dari hasil penelitian ini penulis dapat simpulkan bahwa metode pengkajian Yanbu’a merupakan metode yang efektif untuk diterapkan di TPA Nurul Huda Krian karena dalam metode ini tidak hanya diajarkan cara membaca dan menulis Al Qur’an saja, namun peserta didik juga bisa mempelajari baca tulis arab pegon yang merupakan pedoman untuk membaca kitab-kitab salaf dan bekal utama untuk melanjutkan pendidikan agama di pondok pesantren maupun madrasah diniyah.
Improving Students Liveliness in Islamic religius education toward PBL Learning Models Application
Authors: Azzahra Rahma tiara , Soraya Irma , Hamdani Asep saepul
Published: May 2024

The main focus of PAI subjects is the development of student character but in reality when expected with field situations it can be seen that student participation in class is often lacking. This study aims to determine the effect of problem-based learning (PBL) on increasing student learning activities in PAI learning. Using a qualitative research approach, this research uses classroom behavior as a research design and involves high school students as participants. This study conducted interviews, observations and documentation in its data collection techniques. The results showed that there was a significant increase in student activity after implementing PBL. Students also reported better learning experiences and higher learning success. This research contributes to the development of an interactive and effective learning model to increase students' understanding and awareness of Islam.
Analysis Of The Character Of Discipline And Responsibility In Shaping The Morals Of Al-Karimah Students Of Sma Negeri 51 Kabupaten Maluku Tengah
Authors: Khozin, M.Pd.I Nur
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the character, discipline and responsibility of students of SMA Negeri 51 Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. This research is a descriptive quantitative research. Data collection using observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that in general, students of SMA Negeri 51 Kabupaten Maluku Tengah already have the character of discipline and responsibility, come to school on time, wear school uniforms with rules, obey school rules, do and collect assignments according to the specified time. However, there are still some students who have not applied these two characters, so schools need to apply discipline more strictly and teach the character of responsibility so that they can become students with morals.
Analisis Retribusi Pasar Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Pedagang Pasar Tradisional Narang
Authors: Nagut Stefanus , Setyabudi Deni Nugroho , Rakhmadian Miftah
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh retribusi  pasar terhadap peningkatan pendapatan pedagang pasar tradisional Narang, serta untuk mengetahui apa yang menjadi faktor pendorong dan penghambat dari pengaruh retribusi  pasar guna meningkatkan pendapatan pedagang pasar tradisional Narang. Sedangkan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yaitu dengan menemukan, memahami, menjelaskan dan memperoleh gambaran tentang upaya pemerintah daerah dalam meningkatkan pendapatan retribusi pasar serta mengumpulkan fakta-fakta mengenai pengaruh retribusi pasar terhadap peningkatan pendapatan pedagang pasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: bahwa aspek retribusi pasar memberikan pengaruh yang besar terhadap peningkatan pedapatan pedagang  melalui penataan dan pengelolaan pasar Narang yang lebih baik.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Dengan Menggunakan Literasi Digital Sebagai Sarana Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa di SMP Islam Klojen Lumajang
Authors: Likasari Gati Ayu , Kholidah Dina
Published: May 2024

Pembelajaran pada hakikatnya tidak hanya sekedar menyampaikan pesan tetapi juga merupakan aktifitas profesional yang menuntut guru dapat menggunakan keterampilan dasar mengajar secara terpadu serta menciptakan situasi efisien. Pembelajaran literasi digital dengan memanfaatkan alat komunikasi yang diterapkan di SMP Islam Klojen Lumajang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan prestasi belajar  siswa. Prestasi belajar yang didapatkan oleh siswa menjadi hal yang perlu diperhatikan agar guru dapat melihat sejauh mana pemahaman siswa saat pembelajaran dengan menggunakan literasi digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan pembelajaran literasi digital yang digunakan SMP Islam Klojen Lumajang dalam pembelajaran IPS, untuk mengetahui penerapan pembelajaran literasi digital dalam kaitannya dengan prestasi belajar siswa, untuk mengetahui strategi yang digunakan agar pembelajaran literasi digital dapat terus dilaksanakan dan berkembang dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif naratif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data digunakan teknik ketekunan di lapangan dan triangulasi sumber. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini pengecekan, pengelompokan dan penarikan kesimpulan. Jumlah informan dalam penelitian ini adalah 10 orang.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat diketahui bahwa pembelajaran literasi digital di SMP Islam Klojen Lumajang sudah berjalan dengan baik, dengan memanfaatkan alat komunikasi (handphone) sebagai penunjang kegiatan pembelajaran. Pembelajaran literasi digital efektif diterapkan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari peningkatan prestasi belajar yang didapatkan oleh siswa yang mengalami kenaikan dari batas nilai KKM. Siswa juga memiliki minat yang tinggi pada saat belajar dengan menggunakan  pembelajaran literasi digital membuat siswa lebih memahami materi IPS  yang di ajarkan.