bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Law of inertia for the factorization of cubic polynomials — the case of discriminants divisible by three
Authors: Klaška Jiří , Skula Ladislav
Published: November 2016

In this paper we extend our recent results concerning the validity of the law of inertia for the factorization of cubic polynomials over the Galois field

F

p

$\Bbb F_p$

, p being a prime. As the main result, the following theorem will be proved: Let

D
∈

Z

$D\in \Bbb Z$

and let CD
be the set of all cubic polynomials

x
3

+
a

x
2

+
b
x
+
c
∈

Z

[
x
]

$x^3+ax^2+bx+c\in\Bbb Z[x]$

with a discriminant equal to D. If D is square-free and

3
∤
h
(
−
3
D
)

$3\nmid h(-3D)$

where

h
(
−
3
D
)

$h(-3D)$

is the class number of

Q

(

−
3
D

)

$\Bbb Q(\sqrt {-3D})$

, then all cubic polynomials in CD
have the same type of factorization over any Galois field

F

p

$\Bbb F_p$

where p is a prime, p > 3.
Über den theoretischen Statusaufbau von nicht-künstlerischen Bildern
Authors: Braga Joaquim
Published: November 2016

Mit diesem Beitrag wollen wir zeigen, dass in den aktuellen Studien der Bildwissenschaft ein struktureller Unterschied zwischen künstlerischen und nicht-künstlerischen Bildern fehlt. Das Fehlen dieser Scheidungslinie führt fast immer zur Idee einer angeblichen “Bilderflut” innerhalb der modernen Gesellschaft, die teilweise das Ergebnis eines zweideutigen theoretischen Aufbaus des symbolischen Status der nicht-künstlerischen Bilder zu sein scheint. Unserer Meinung nach hängt notwendigerweise solch ein Status von der Errichtung von Unterscheidungskriterien ab, die der Individuationscharakter der künstlerischen Bilder als normatives theoretisches Feld einnimmt.
Aarhus Lectures – Fourth Lecture: The Very Idea of a Philosophy of Mythology in Contemporary Philosophy
Authors: Gabriel Markus
Published: November 2016

In this fourth, concluding part of the Aarhus Lectures, I want to make sense of some features of Schelling’s positive philosophy in light of the fundamental idea of a philosophy of mythology. I believe that it is at least worth inquiring to what extent something like the so-called scientific world-picture – as well as the associated prominent insistence on normativity as a potential mark of autonomous mindedness as opposed to blind law-governed natural events – is embedded in a mythology. Genealogical points of this form are typically invoked in order to make room for an alternative. In Schelling’s case, the ultimate alternative (revelation) consists in overcoming the mythological condition of human consciousness as we know it altogether. However, like later modern eschatologists of a similar stripe (such as Heidegger and Derrida), he does not flesh out the alternative without creating another mythology, which is why in the second part of his positive philosophy, the Philosophy of Revelation, he resorts to revelation as a counter-myth to mythology, to an event that is not under the control of any kind of theory-building. Be that as it may, in the preparation of his triumphalist story about revelation, Schelling offers resources for a critical account of modernity’s constitutive mythology that he brings to bear in his critique of Hegel in ways not yet sufficiently explored in contemporary philosophy.
Eventuality semantics in Slovak light verb constructions
Authors: Ivanová Martina , Kyseľová Miroslava
Published: November 2016

The study investigates the eventuality semantics of light verb constructions in Slovak. The presence of temporal/aspectual and relational/argument structure semantic components which represent eventuality structure is seen as the fundamental motivation for usage of these constructions instead of their synthetic verbal pendants. The central role in eventuality semantics is played by light verbs which, in spite of the process of delexicalization or semantic bleaching they undergo, preserve certain semantic characteristics of their full lexical counterparts which are further reinterpreted to express different subtle meaning components related to eventuality structure.
Utilization of a Cardiometabolic Health Nurse – a Novel Strategy to Manage Comorbid Physical and Mental Illness
Authors: Happell Brenda , Stanton Robert , Scott David
Published: November 2016

Background

Comorbid chronic illnesses, such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory conditions, and type 2 diabetes are common among people with serious mental illness. Management of comorbid illness in the mental health setting is sometimes ad hoc and poorly delivered. Use of a cardiometabolic health nurse (CHN) is proposed as one strategy to improve the delivery of physical health care to this vulnerable population.

Objective

To report the CHN's utilization of primary care and allied health referrals from a trial carried out in a regional community mental health service.

Design

Feasibility study. Mental health consumers were referred by their case manager or mental health nurse to the CHN. The CHN coordinated the physical health care of community-based mental health consumers by identifying the need for, and providing referrals to, additional services, including primary care, allied health, and community-based services.

Results

Sixty-two percent of participants referred to the CHN received referrals for primary care, allied health, and community-based services. Almost all referrals received follow-up by the CHN. Referrals were most commonly directed to a general practitioner and for nurse-delivered services.

Conclusion

The CHN role shows promise in coordinating the physical health of community-based mental health consumers. More studies on role integration and development of specific outcome measurement tools are needed.
Velocímetros – quando o travamento da agulha pode retratar a velocidade de colisão
Authors: Dos Reis Emerson Lopes
Published: November 2016

Estudo do travamento do ponteiro do velocímetro de veículos decorrente de colisões frontais, uma análise da validade de se atribuir como indicação da velocidade de colisão a partir do travamento da agulha em alguma posição da escala do velocímetro. Para embasar o estudo foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica na literatura internacional que trata do assunto, visando suprir inclusive uma deficiência na literatura brasileira especializada em acidente de trânsito que é extremamente carente desse tema. Também apresentamos como complementação e verificação da teoria, resultado de testes práticos realizados em laboratório de calibração do velocímetro a fim de demonstrar quais os casos em que o ponteiro trava para os vários tipos de velocímetros existentes, bem como sua evolução ao longo dos tempos. Sugerimos uma análise pormenorizada do travamento do ponteiro nos casos em que o reconstrucionista de acidente de trânsito se deparar com esse fenômeno, entender quais são os principais aspectos envolvidos e os pré-requisitos mínimos que deverão ser observados para se descartar ou validar, como meio de prova da indicação da velocidade de colisão.
MOKĖTI KLAUSTI
Authors: Kanišauskas Saulius
Published: November 2016

Andrius Bielskis. Apie filosofijos ir meno prasmę.Vilnius: Mykolo Romerio universitetas, 2015. 138 p.ISBN 978-9955-19-741-6
La palabra y el aire: Conjuros del alba de Jorge Chen-Sham
Authors: Sanabria Carolina
Published: November 2016

El presente artículo analiza el segundo poemario de Jorge Chen-Sham, Conjuros del alba, a la luz de la vinculación directa con el libro anterior, Nocturnos de mar inacabada. Destaca los elementos que guían la lectura de un trabajo muy estructurado porque la organización en ejes temáticos permite brindar una clave de lectura. En este caso la articulación está dada por la invocación de la palabra en su acepción divina como creadora de realidad bajo la forma de conjuros –y en sintonía estructural y lingüística con el discurso bíblico arcaizante, pero sin ceñirse por completo en virtud del carácter pagano de estos–. Pero los alcances de la palabra no se limitan a esta dimensión, puesto que el hablante lírico hace ver también su injerencia como mediador del deseo. Y si el poeta por principio lo que busca es la elevación de su espíritu, se mueve necesariamente en el ámbito del aire –que es el mismo elemento al que pertenece el alba–, donde las cosmogonías ubican el origen del mundo.
Microrrelatos
Authors: Hernández Campos Ronald
Published: November 2016

Se expone la producción literaria de Ronald Hernández, la cual incluye una colección de cuatro microrrelatos sobre personajes que, desde su cotidianeidad, enfrentan realidades permanentes del ser humano.
Undiagnosed Depression in Spanish-Speaking Latinas Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: DiCorcia Daley , Stein Sara F. , Grogan-Kaylor Andrew , Galano Maria M. , Clark Hannah , Graham-Bermann Sandra A.
Published: November 2016

Depression causes impairment worldwide and disproportionately affects women, Latinos, and those who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV). This study assessed the prevalence of depressive symptoms among 96 Latinas exposed to IPV. While 85% of women reported clinical-level depression symptoms, only 11% had ever received a diagnosis of depression. Results indicate that greater income, injury, and depression symptoms significantly differentiated women who were diagnosed with depression from those with self-reported clinical-level depression symptoms. Undiagnosed depression is a major public health problem for low-income Latinas exposed to IPV and thus calls for the assessment of this disorder among those with limited access to care.
Low-temperature synthesis of C4AF by self-propagating combustion reaction
Authors: He Zhen , Li Yang , Shao Yixin
Published: November 2016

Low-temperature synthesis of tetracalcium aluminoferrite (C4AF) by the self-propagating combustion reaction (SPCR) method using urea as fuel and metal nitrates as cation precursors is studied, and the mechanism of the combustion reaction is also introduced. Decomposition behaviour of metal nitrates and urea is analysed by differential thermogravimetric analysis, and characterisation of synthesised C4AF is performed by X-ray diffractometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is found that C4AF with good crystallinity and high purity could be synthesised in a straightforward way by the SPCR method in 2 h at 500°C. The free lime content of synthesised C4AF is below the detection limit. Further calcination of synthesised C4AF at higher temperatures is only beneficial for improving the crystallinity. It has no effect on chemical structure, and the corresponding hydration behaviour.
Avaliação de polimorfismo de nucleotídeo único em gene promotor da citocina inflamatória IL6 quanto à susceptibilidade em doenças pulmonares
Authors: Weber Augusto Ferreira , Bresciani Maribel Josimara , Karnopp Thaís Evelyn , Valim Andréia Rosane de Moura , Da Silva Andrea Lúcia Gonçalves , Possuelo Lia Gonçalves
Published: November 2016

Acredita-se que fatores genéticos podem modificar o risco individual tornando os indivíduos mais susceptíveis a certas patologias. Polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único (SNP) em genes de mediadores inflamatórios estão fortemente relacionados a esta propensão. Objetivou-se relacionar a presença de SNP em gene que codifica uma citocina pró-inflamatória com susceptibilidade às doenças pulmonares. Foi realizado um estudo do tipo caso-controle em indivíduos com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), câncer de pulmão (CP) e tuberculose (TB). Foram realizadas coletas de dados epidemiológicos e ainda de material biológico para genotipagem do polimorfismo rs1800795 do gene IL6 através da técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) em tempo real. Para as análises estatísticas foram avaliadas a frequência (%), média e desvio-padrão e o teste x2 para as variáveis categóricas. Observou-se o predomínio do sexo masculino, bem como a maioria dos indivíduos se autodeclarou caucasiano. Quanto à frequência alélica para o polimorfismo rs1800795 do gene IL6, a presença foi maior no alelo considerado de risco em todos os grupos de casos, mas ao comparar estes achados a um grupo controle, não foi observada diferença estatística significativa, fato que demonstra que não há relação entre as frequências genotípicas e alélicas e presença do polimorfismo em IL6 com a susceptibilidade a doenças pulmonares nesta população.
Dinâmica de Sistemas Integrados de Manejo de um Solo no Desenvolvimento da Cultura do Milho
Authors: Silva Arystides Resende , Sales Agust , Carvalho Eduardo Jorge Maklouf , Veloso Carlos Alberto Costa
Published: November 2016

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a dinâmica de sistemas integrados de manejo de um Latossolo Amarelo no desenvolvimento da cultura do milho. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos por três cultivos de milho, em sistema de integração Lavoura-Pecuária-Floresta (iLPF) (consorciado com Brachiaria ruziziensis e intercalado com eucalipto), sistema Santa Fé (cultivo integrado com Brachiaria ruziziensis) e em sistema Convencional. Foi realizada a determinação da altura (m) de planta e espiga do milho, teor de umidade dos grãos (%), produtividade de grãos (kg.ha-1, saca.ha-1 e kg.planta-1) e número de plantas.ha-1. A altura de planta e a altura de espiga não apresentaram diferença em função dos sistemas utilizados. Os sistemas iLPF e Santa Fé obtiveram os maiores valores de produção (kg.ha-1; saca.ha-1), não diferindo entre si. Proporcionaram também maior produção por indivíduo, sendo cerca de 36% superior à obtida no sistema Convencional. A Brachiaria ruziziensis consorciada com milho favoreceu o aumento na produção de grãos por área e por indivíduo em comparação ao sistema Convencional.
Projetos de Desenvolvimento e Populações Locais: Experiências em Cabo Verde e no Brasil
Authors: Anjos José Carlos Gomes dos , Sant’Ana Júnior Horácio Antunes de , Brustolin Cindia
Published: November 2016

.
The Effect of Adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards on Quality of Financial Reports in Public Sector in Kenya
Authors: Opanyi Robert O.
Published: November 2016

Quality financial reports plays significant role in accountability of government to their citizens and how it meets its financial management responsibilities. The introduction of IPSAS formed an important part of public sector reforms and followed a global trend in government accounting in response to calls for greater government financial accountability and transparency which is a fundamental principles of democracy. This study focused on effect of adoption of IPSAS on quality of financial reports in meeting the criteria for decision usefulness. The design of this study was the descriptive survey design while the target population was the 19 ministries of the national government in Kenya. Data was collected using secondary means and was analysed using descriptive statistics and t-test for differences. The study indicated enhancement in the quality of characteristics of comparability, relevance, timeliness and faithful representation by adoption of IPSAS while the quality of characteristics of understandability declined. The study also showed no significant difference in items pertaining to transparency and accountability indicating that the goal for government reforms in achieving greater transparency and accountability may not be fully achieved. The study also revealed that adoption of IPSAS is adjudged to have moderate effect on quality of financial reports in public sector in Kenya using a 5 point likert scale. The study concluded that there exist statistically significant difference between old accounting standard-based financial reports and IPSAS-based financial reports in meeting the criteria for decision usefulness as revealed by paired-sample t-test.
Project Management Competencies for Master Students: Curriculum Development in Two Romanian Universities
Authors: Belascu Lucian
Published: November 2016

The Bologna Process has as one of its main pillars the link between academic curricula and labour market requirements. This process has built a space for dialogue and cooperation which reaches far beyondEurope, where the basic values of the European society – freedom of expression and research, free movements of academics and students, students active participation to learning and tolerance – have been put at the forefront of education. Since 1999, Romanian universities have tried to adjust their curricula and academic offers for study programs to the requirements of the labour market, sometimes with some reluctance from the various partners involved in this process. As the field of Project Management has gained more standing on the Romanian labour market, the need for graduates skilled in Project Management increased, thus leading to the need of providing students enrolled in master programs in Economics, but with different specializations, courses and topics in Project Management. The paper outlines the experience of adapting the curriculum of master programs in Economics in two renowned Romanian universities – Bucharest University of Economic Studies and Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu - to Project management needs, within a project implemented with the support of the European Social Fund for Human Resources Development (POSDRU). The paper presents the most important curriculum changes implemented for the master programs under analysis and explains the importance of these changes.
Strategies of Enhancing ICT Use in the Delivery of Management Services in Public Secondary Schools in Siaya County in Kenya
Authors: Oluoch Dornela
Published: November 2016

This study was set to determine the strategies of enhancing ICT use in the delivery of services in public secondary schools in Siaya County, Kenya. Although many secondary schools introduced computers in great numbers starting early 1990s, there are limited information on their use to facilitate delivery of services in school administration and management. The extent to which ICT is being used in school management in secondary schools, the types of administrative uses of ICT by school managers and challenges affecting the integration of ICT in the management systems in secondary schools needed to be adequately addressed. This can only be achieved if there are laid down strategies of enhancing ICT use in the delivery of services in public secondary schools in Siaya County. The study was guided by Social Transformation Theory in Education and Visscher (1992) conceptual model of school information system, which were used to show the relationship between variables. The research design that used was descriptive survey. Questionnaires, Interviews and document analysis were used to collect data. The study established that schools were taking several steps to help in enhancing ICT delivery such as looking for grants from the government, prioritizing purchase of ICT equipment and using parents’ involvement to buy computers. The study recommends that effort should be made by the government to post and provide teachers skilled in ICT to each school to impart ICT skills to school managers. The study concludes that more support need to be given to schools to enable them achieve their dream of fully implementing the usage of ICT in the management of school activities.
Mapping Diversity of Publication Patterns in the Social Sciences and Humanities: An Approach Making Use of Fuzzy Cluster Analysis
Authors: Verleysen Frederik T. , Weeren Arie
Published: November 2016

Purpose

To present a method for systematically mapping diversity of publication patterns at the author level in the social sciences and humanities in terms of publication type, publication language and co-authorship.

Design/methodology/approach

In a follow-up to the hard partitioning clustering by Verleysen and Weeren in 2016, we now propose the complementary use of fuzzy cluster analysis, making use of a membership coefficient to study gradual differences between publication styles among authors within a scholarly discipline. The analysis of the probability density function of the membership coefficient allows to assess the distribution of publication styles within and between disciplines.

Findings

As an illustration we analyze 1,828 productive authors affiliated in Flanders, Belgium. Whereas a hard partitioning previously identified two broad publication styles, an international one vs. a domestic one, fuzzy analysis now shows gradual differences among authors. Internal diversity also varies across disciplines and can be explained by researchers’ specialization and dissemination strategies.

Research limitations

The dataset used is limited to one country for the years 2000–2011; a cognitive classification of authors may yield a different result from the affiliation-based classification used here.

Practical implications

Our method is applicable to other bibliometric and research evaluation contexts, especially for the social sciences and humanities in non-Anglophone countries.

Originality/value

The method proposed is a novel application of cluster analysis to the field of bibliometrics. Applied to publication patterns at the author level in the social sciences and humanities, for the first time it systematically documents intra-disciplinary diversity.
Discurso e sujeito: trama de significantes
Authors: Bocchi Aline Fernandes de Azevedo
Published: November 2016

-
Marcher, courir: gestes pour vivre, penser, écrire
Authors: Margarito Mariagrazia
Published: November 2016

La marche et la course à pied sont au cœur de cet essai, les « mots pour les dire » dans un corpus hétérogène comprenant des genres textuels diversifiés : essais, romans biographiques et autobiographiques, mensuels spécialisés de course à pied. Les outils méthodologiques que nous avons utilisés viennent de l’analyse du discours, de la sociolinguistique, des sciences sociales. Notre but a été de démontrer comment marcher, courir, inscrits dans des réalités discursives, sont aussi un geste d’écriture. Nos observables privilégiés ont été : le corps de celui qui marche ou qui court (ses émotions, ses gestes) ; le paysage, au sens le plus large du terme, mais toujours paysage « à l’extérieur » du corps qui se meut ; la comparaison (peu fréquente dans les discours mondains) course et marche – écriture.
Revelando o outro: fotojornalismo e representações da pobreza no sertão
Authors: Campos Thiago Manchini de
Published: November 2016

Este artigo discorre sobre os usos da fotografia de cunho fotojornalístico voltada para a temática da pobreza no sertão. Parto do pressuposto que, muito mais do que servir como instrumento de denúncia social, a materialidade imagética no contexto do fotojornalismo tem o efeito de reforçar e legitimar os acontecimentos representados ao naturalizar o indivíduo na posiçãosujeito “pobre”. O corpus é constituído por imagens de fotojornalistas conhecidos por retratarem a pobreza no sertão brasileiro.
Das infovias às ruas: o Facebook e as manifestações sociais na perspectiva da teoria do caos/complexidade
Authors: Silva Valdir , Silva Rodrigo de Santana
Published: November 2016

As redes sociais eletrônicas são constitutivas das práticas sociais contemporâneas e se configuram em importantes espaços de significação histórica, cultural, ideológica, psicológica, linguística, estética para os sujeitos que nelas se inscrevem. As redes são espaços complexos e dinâmicos e dependentes das práticas de linguagem em todas as suas modalidades e plasticidade. Assim, para dar visibilidade a esses funcionamentos e feitos, tomamos para análise e reflexões, as materialidades discursivas que emergiram das manifestações de junho de 2013 no Brasil, no contexto do Facebook, com base nos postulados teóricos do caos/complexidade aplicados no contexto social. O estudo apontou que as práticas sociais realizadas nas infovias e nas ruas foram complementares para o processo de mobilização dos manifestantes, contribuindo assim, para a instauração de um sistema ainda mais complexo e dinâmico.
“Cidades em crise": conflitos de interesses no território urbano - resenha de livro: MARICATO, E. Para Entender a Crise Urbana. São Paulo
Authors: Battaus Danila Martins de Alencar
Published: November 2016

O objetivo desta resenha é apresentar a mais recente obra de Ermínia Maricato, cuja trajetória profissional e como militante da Política Urbana brasileira abarca a temática das cidades, enquanto território de conflitos entre: os interesses econômicos fortemente presentes no sistema capitalista e as necessidades de todo cidadão. Nesta análise do livro, busca-se relacionar a abordagem feita pela autora de temas recorrentes como exclusão territorial, centros urbanos, globalização, periferias, entre outros, com algumas de suas obras anteriores, permitindo interpretações atualizadas e reiterações pertinentes
Ao meio-dia
Authors: Bellicieri Maria Lúcia Nardy , Bellicieri Fernanda Nardy
Published: November 2016

Meio-dia e não quis enxergar. Protegeu-se de lentes baratas, que ao longe, até passariam por marca de grife, dessas de vender conceito e modus vivendi. Sol sobre as cabeças, e quis tolerar-lhe a presença.
Apresentação
Authors: Dias Cristiane
Published: November 2016

Cidade conectada: discurso, interação e mobilidade
Les voix de la solidarité dans les technodiscours urbains
Authors: Paveau Marie-Anne
Published: November 2016

Cet article aborde l’hybridation des discours dans la ville connectée. Il a pour but de formuler les questions posées par les technodiscours urbains à la théorie du discours et à l’analyse linguistique. On rappelle d’abord la généalogie des travaux français sur la ville, dans le cadre de la sociolinguistique urbaine et des urbanités langagières. On présente ensuite la notion sociologique d’urbanité numérique, pour proposer ensuite les notions d’urbanités technodiscursives et de technodiscours urbains. À partir d’exemples de technodiscours de solidarité urbaine, on formule ensuite les questions posées à l’analyse du discours : l’assemblage composite entre corps, discours et matière urbaine, la contextualisation technorelationnelle et les modifications apportées aux dispositifs d’énonciation.
Big data e as pegadas do monstro: o digital na leitura da análise do discurso
Authors: Alves Mariana Garcia de Castro
Published: November 2016

Este artigo analisa dois textos de Michel Pêcheux, escritos sob o pseudônimo de Thomas Herbert, na década de 1960. O objetivo é entender como podemos ler esses textos, ao levar em conta o big data como forma material do conhecimento atualmente. Discutiremos se os "fatos" minam a "interpretação" na utilização do big data no discurso das ciências sociais. Além disso, analisaremos três corpora para compreensão dos discursos de big data na gestão do espaço urbano.
Application of the Lagrangian Meshfree Approach to Modelling of Batch Crystallisation: Part II—An Efficient Solution of Integrated CFD and Population Balance Equations
Authors: Nikolić Dragan , Frawley Patrick
Published: November 2016

The second article in the series presents the application of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method to modelling of batch crystallisation in stirred tanks. A methodology to integrate the population balance equations (PBE) in parallel and independently from the Navier-Stokes equations is demonstrated. The benefits of the proposed methodology in terms of computational requirements, accuracy and availability of the crystal size distribution are discussed. The specific formulation of the SPH equations where the resulting system of ordinary differential equations is solved using the weighted contributions rather than numerically by solving a linear system of equations allows for massive parallelisation and a very loose coupling of the population balance and the fluid dynamics. It has been demonstrated, that the population balance equations can be solved on a Shared Memory Architecture (SMA) system using the OpenMP interface while the fluid dynamics equations being computed independently on a General Purpose Graphics Processing Unit (GPGPU) using the NVidia CUDA technology. This way, a significant portion of the computational overhead due to the large number of additional transport equations resulting from the discretisation of the population balance was removed: the SPH simulation coupled with 200 population balance equations was only 40% slower compared to SPH-only simulation. Two methods for the solution of population balance equations that preserve full crystal size distribution were implemented: discretised population balance (DPB) and method of characteristics (MOCH). The DPB equations are solved using the high-resolution finite-volume method with flux limiter and the effect of a large number of different flux limiters have been investigated. Both methods were validated using the case studies from the literature where an analytical solution can be derived. The developed models were applied to a numerical solution of coupled computational fluid dynamics and population balance equations to model a batch crystallization process. The effect of the hydrodynamics on the local temperature/supersaturation and the resulting crystal size distribution was captured and compared to the ideal mixing case. The simulation results from the DPB and MOCH methods were compared in terms of computational requirements and accuracy and MOCH selected as computationally more efficient and accurate.
Reduction of Bromo- and Iodo-2,6-bis(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)benzene with Magnesium and Calcium
Authors: Koch Alexander , Krieck Sven , Görls Helmar , Westerhausen Matthias
Published: November 2016

Arylmagnesium and -calcium reagents are easily accessible, however, ether degradation processes limit the storability especially of the calcium-based heavy Grignard reagents. Ortho-bound substituents with phosphanyl donor sites usually block available coordination sites and stabilize such complexes. The reaction of bromo-2,6-bis(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)benzene (1a) with magnesium in tetrahydrofuran yields [Mg{C6H3-2,6-(CH2PPh2)2}2] (2) after recrystallization from 1,2-dimethoxyethane. However, the similarly performed reduction of bromo- (1a) and iodo-2,6-bis(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)benzene (1b) with calcium leads to ether cleavage and subsequent degradation products. α-Deprotonation of THF yields 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphanylmethyl)benzene. Furthermore, the insoluble THF adducts of dimeric calcium diphenylphosphinate halides, [(thf)3Ca(X)(µ-O2PPh2)]2 [X = Br (3a), I (3b)], precipitate verifying ether decomposition and cleavage of P-C bonds. Ether adducts of calcium halides [such as [(dme)2(thf)CaBr2] (4)] form supporting the initial Grignard reaction and a subsequent Schlenk-type dismutation reaction.
Special Issue on Laser Machining
Authors: Hidai Hirofumi ,   Chiba University, Yamada Keiji
Published: November 2016

Laser machining is widely applied in manufacturing processes thanks to the laser oscillator’s improved stability and to the emergence of new laser types. Laser machining has gone from microscale applications, such as semiconductor dicing to large-scale applications such as automobile-body welding, and laser power now ranges from several watts to several kilowatts. Machining tasks using lasers have expanded from conventional drilling, cutting, and welding to additive manufacturing, the internal machining of transparent materials, and surface texturing. Understanding these processes comprehensively requires that we study individual elements such as oscillators, focal optics, scanners and stages, and numerical control.

This special issue features 13 research articles – one review and 12 papers – related to the most recent advances in laser machining. Their subjects cover the various machining processes of drilling, deposition, welding, photo curing, texturing, and annealing on the latest laser machines and in the newest applications.

We deeply appreciate the careful work of all the authors and thank the reviewers for their incisive efforts. Without these contributions, this special issue could not have been created. We also hope that this special issue will trigger further research on laser machining advances.
Micro-Welding of Glass Substrate by YAG Laser – Effects of Substrate Temperature –
Authors: Suzuki Hirofumi ,   Chubu University, Funayama Tsuyoshi , Shibutani Hideo , Horiuchi Osamu ,   ALPS ELECTRIC Co. Ltd, Miyagi, Japan,   Kurume Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan,   Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi, Japan
Published: November 2016

This paper deals with micro-welding of glass substrates using a YAG laser to prevent cracks. In order to fuse the glass substrates precisely using a YAG laser, a new glass welding method was proposed and developed in the previous report. In the method, two glass plates were made to overlap and the welded area of the glass surface was coated with absorbent. The YAG laser irradiated the surface, and the laser was absorbed in the coated area only. Therefore, only the coated area can be welded and the glass surface is expected to be clear. However, in the previous report, some micro cracks generated by the thermal shock of the YAG laser appeared on the fused area of the glass substrates. In this study, it is proposed that pre-heating the substrates decreses the heat shock, producing a crack-free surface of the fused area. In the pre-heated welding experiments, the substrate temperature and laser power are changed, and the welding surface and welding strength are evaluated. It is clarified from the experiments, that the glass plates can be welded without a crack using pre-heated welding.
Properties of Photopolymer Part with Aligned Short Ferromagnetic Fibers
Authors: Nakamoto Takeshi ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Marukado Sho ,   ,
Published: November 2016

Photopolymer parts with short ferromagnetic fibers are fabricated by laser stereolithography. A magnetic field is applied to a liquid photopolymer that contains the short ferromagnetic fibers, with the axes of the short fibers aligned in the direction of the magnetic field. Then, the photopolymer is solidified with UV laser irradiation to get the desired shape. After fabricating the part, it is magnetized by applying magnetic field to it. When the magnetic field is applied in the direction of the aligned short fibers in the fabricated part, the residual magnetic flux density of the magnetized part in the direction of the aligned fibers becomes approximately twice that in the other directions. The magnetized part can be bent by applying an external magnetic field.
High-Efficiency Milling of Steam Turbine Blade
Authors: Yuan Xin ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Yazawa Takanori , Ito Hideo , Otsubo Tatsuki , Maeda Yukio , Yamada Reiko ,   ,,   Salesian Polytechnic, Tokyo, Japan,   Intelligent Stems Design Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama, Japan
Published: November 2016

Conventional methods often use ball end mills with a small diameter to finish machining of a steam turbine blade to satisfy accuracy requirements by using a small pick feed value. Thus, the cutting length increases, resulting in increased wear and a lower milling efficiency. Therefore, a new method using a tilt-taper end mill is proposed. This paper presents the validity of the proposed method used for milling planes by comparing the ball and square end mills through tool wear experiments. Factors including removal degree, surface roughness, tool wear, and machined surfaces are investigated with respect to the plane model. The experimental results show that tilt end mill can retard the tool wear remarkably to obtain a steady surface profile, and the maximum surface roughness value, using the tilt-taper end mill, is less than 6μm until process completion.
Implementations and pilot comparison of primary low intensity shock calibration
Authors: Sun Qiao , Hu Hong-bo
Published: November 2016

This paper first presents two main technical concerns for a possible low intensity shock comparison: variety of primary shock calibration systems and feasibility of comparison artifact. For the primary calibration system, the mechanical excitation includes hammer-anvil collision, pneumatic driven projectile impact and Hopkinson bar. The shock pulses generated are smooth monopole shape by the first two types with air bearings, but dipole shape by the third type. For the comparison artifact, a standard accelerometer of single-ended type with a charge amplifier consists of an accelerometer measuring chain whose nonlinearity of amplitude and phase frequency responses is investigated. Based on the nonlinear fact of comparison artifact at frequency domain and the spectrum range difference of mechanical excitations of the calibration system, strict comparison conditions had to be laid down for measurement of shock sensitivity at specific acceleration levels and pulse durations.
The pilot comparison, coded as APMP.AUV.V-P1, is successfully organized by Asia Pacific Metrology Programme. Some comparison results of both monopole excitation and dipole excitation are shown with the expanded uncertainty. The completion of this pilot comparison can serve as part of the basis for a planned key comparison targeted at a low intensity shock range at Consultative Committee level.
Proficiency tests with uncertainty information: analysis using the maximum likelihood method
Authors: Shirono Katsuhiro , Shiro Masanori , Tanaka Hideyuki , Ehara Kensei
Published: November 2016

In this study, we report the application of the maximum likelihood method to the analysis of proficiency test data when uncertainty information is given and a reference laboratory does not exist. There are two causes that could impair the quality of analysis using the maximum likelihood method: the existence of an unknown random effect, and outliers. The conditions under which performance evaluations can be appropriately conducted are discussed in this study. To avoid serious impacts from these two causes, the maximum permissible standard uncertainty of an unknown random effect and the minimum permissible standard uncertainty of the values reported by a participating laboratory are quantified. Through simulations, the maximum and the minimum permissible standard uncertainties are found to be 0.3 and 0.5 times the intermediate magnitude of the standard uncertainty that the participants are expected to report. We believe that our proposed procedure based on these criteria is sufficiently simple to be employed in actual proficiency tests.
Monotonicity preserving representations of curves and surfaces
Authors: Delgado Jorge , Manuel Peña Juan
Published: November 2016

In this paper we revisit the problem of monotonicity preservation of curves and surfaces and we provide some new proofs and open problems. In particular, we prove a new formula for the derivation of rational Bézier curves. We also deal with the rational monotonicity preservation of rational Bézier surfaces and a related conjecture is presented.
Hydraulic Percussion Drilling System Boosts Rate of Penetration, Lowers Cost
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: November 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 172935, “Hydraulic Percussion Drilling System With PDC Bit Increases ROP and Lowers Drilling Costs,” by Scott W. Powell, NOV, and Ertai Hu, Greatwall Drilling Company, prepared for the 2015 SPE Middle East Unconventional Gas Conference and Exhibition, Muscat, Oman, 26–28 January. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Drilling the Severnaya Truba field in Aktobe, Kazakhstan, has been costly and time consuming. In combination with a drilling-fluid-powered percussion hammer (FPPH), a fit-for-application polycrystalline-diamond- compact (PDC) bit with depth-of-cut (DOC) -control features was used to minimize the exposure of the cutting structure and prevent breakage. The mechanical lifting and falling action creates a rapid variation in weight on bit (WOB), allowing the bit’s DOC to fluctuate while overcoming different stresses. These variations, along with the percussion pulse created with each stroke, led to increased rates of penetration (ROPs).

Introduction

Drilling with an air hammer is a technique whereby gases (typically compressed air or nitrogen) are used to operate a pneumatic hammer, to cool the drill bit, and to lift cuttings out of the wellbore. Air forced down the drillstring actuates the percussion tool, which, in turn, creates an axial percussion force directed down to a specially designed drill bit.

The advantages of air drilling are that it is usually much faster than using drilling fluid and may eliminate lost-circulation problems. The disadvantages are the inability to control the influx of formation fluids into the wellbore and the destabilization of the borehole wall in the absence of wellbore pressure typically provided by the mud column. Air hammers are also limited to a lower WOB and will stop working if that weight is exceeded.

An FPPH is the next step in performance drilling. Using the same flow rates and operating WOB of a conventional assembly, the tool offers the benefit of an axial percussion force to facilitate the cutting action of the bit. Like an air hammer, the axial percussion force is generated near the bit to give the cutting structure more energy and overcome the formation’s compressive strength.
Inspection & Cleaning of 72" Dia and 42m Deep Structure Legs
Authors: Al Sayed Talal , Al Hammadi Hassan , Al Yaarubi Ameer , Al Zaabi Mohamed Saleh , Al Dhanhani Khalfan
Published: November 2016

The main challenges facing Oil & Gas industry is to maintain uninterrupted production, for that to preserve the assets in good condition to operate maximum attainbale life circle, thus to evade any upsets and to avoid major disastrous concerns. To achieve this objective, appropriate advanced suitable inspection methods reliable to the process / operating conditions of the assets has to be developed and implementd. Accordingly, having effective and competent inspection and maintenance management programs seems to be of significance to keep all the assets in process. Among all the inspection methods, the use of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods is increasing rapidly due to their extraordinary advantages such as application easiness, high reliability, accuracy, limited time consumption, budget cost control and relatively uninterrupted productivity, which are of interest for asset management also who are involved with inspection and maintenance programs. Advanced NDT methods encourage companies to apply them for the inspection of flowlines which have the most criticality among all the processing equipments. Among all NDT methods, Radiographic Testing and Ultrasonic Testing are the most used and widely industry accepted test methods for the inspection of flowlines and assets. Any NDT methods are having own limitations, advantages and disadvantages. Hence, all NDT methods applied for the inspection on offshore production facilities has to be evaluated to see which ones have had more accurate and reliable results. The frequency of these methods is also investigated in this dissertation. Aforementioned evaluations reveal the most important influencing factors that can affect the frequency and accuracy of each particular NDT method.
Arthritis of the Knee Joint in Rheumatoid Arthritis - Evaluation of Treatment Response by Ultrasound in Daily Clinical Practice
Authors: Schäfer VS , Schmidt WA , Backhaus M , Hartung W
Published: November 2016

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) commonly involves the knee joint in up to 30% of patients. Musculoskeletal ultrasound enables the skilled clinician to easily assess disease activity.

Objective:

To evaluate the sensitivity to change of the sonography score of large joints in Rheumatology (SOLAR) for different treatments of knee arthritis in RA.

Method:

Joints were assessed by ultrasound at 4 visits. Laboratory, immunological and clinical parameters were recorded.

Results:

225 RA patients were analyzed. The DAS 28 in the subgroup receiving systemic steroids was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in patients treated with intraarticular glucocorticosteroids (GCs) at T0, comparing the values from T0 to T3 the same appeared (p=0.003). Concerning the acute GC treatment regimens, the gray scale ultrasound (GSUS) sum score was found to be significantly higher in patients receiving intraarticular GCs versus no GCs (p=0,035), as well as in patients receiving systemic versus intraarticular GCs (p=0.001). Regarding the differences from T0 and T3, similar to the baseline analysis, a high GSUS sum score was significantly associated with intraarticular GCs, a low to no GC administration (p=0.035), while a high GSUS sum score was significantly linked to intraarticular GCs, rather than systemic GCs (p=0.008).

Conclusion:

SOLAR score is sensitive to change in knee arthritis. Intraarticular GC administration is performed in patients with high GSUS scores. Systemic administration of GC is linked to high disease activity (DAS28) rather than GSUS or power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) results.
Sero-prevalence and Correlates of Hepatitis B and C Co-infection Among HIV-infected Individuals in Two Regional Hospitals in Cameroon
Authors: Luma Henry Namme , Eloumou Servais Albert Fiacre Bagnaka , Ekaney Domin Sone Majunda , Lekpa Fernando Kemta , Donfack-Sontsa Olivier , Ngahane Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou , Mapoure Yacouba Njankouo
Published: November 2016

Background:

Liver disease related to Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infection has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV/AIDS patients. Data on the prevalence of HBV and HCV in Cameroon remains inconclusive.

Objective:

We aimed to determine the sero-prevalence and correlates of Hepatitis markers in HIV/AIDS patients in two Regional Hospitals.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study carried out from December 2014 to March 2015. HIV/AIDS patients aged 21 were included and above, receiving care at HIV treatment centres. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to screen for Hepatitis with HBsAg and anti HCV antibody rapid immunochromatographic test kits. Correlates of hepatitis were investigated by logistic regression. STATA was used for data analysis.

Results:

We included 833 HIV/AIDS patients,78.8% (657) were female. Mean age was 44(SD 11) years. Prevalence of Hepatitis in general (total of two viral markers tested) was 8.9% (74/833), with 6.1% for HBsAg and 2.8% for Anti-HCV antibodies. From multivariate analysis, the likelihood of having hepatitis was independently increased by a history of surgical interventions [OR: 1.82(1.06-3.14)], and of sexually transmitted infections [OR: 2.20(1.04-4.67)].

Conclusion:

Almost one in ten participants with HIV/AIDS attending the BRH and LRH tested positive for either HBsAg or anti HCV antibodies. Screening for HBV and HCV should therefore be integrated to the existing guidelines in Cameroon as it can influence management. More studies are needed to evaluate the extent of liver disease and magnitude of HIV suppression in hepatitis and HIV coinfection in this setting.
A Method to Estimate the Error of Adiabatic Temperature Rise Testing Device
Authors: Zhenyang Zhu , Weimin Chen , Zhiqiang Xie , Guoxin Zhang
Published: November 2016

The surface temperature of a testing sample should be immediately adjusted to equal to the central point when testing adiabatic temperature rise of concrete. However, due to the insufficient tracking accuracy, there are temperature differences between the environment and the central point temperature. In this paper, the heat loss of the sample is deduced based on thermal balance equation and an assumption that the heat passing through cylindrical surface temperature and through the two ends of the sample do not affect each other, and the total heat losses of the sample can be calculated by adding the heat passing through cylindrical surface and the heat passing through two ends. Then, according to the relationship between heat and temperature, the maximum error caused by the adiabatic temperature rise testing device was deduced, and the proposed measurement accuracy of the adiabatic temperature rise testing device was presented. According to the results of the verification case, a corrective constant should be used to modify the deduction.