bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbon Content Potential of Mangrove Species in Gili Sulat, East Lombok
Authors: Diniyatushoaliha Ainun , Al Idrus Agil , Santoso Didik
Published: July 2023

Mangroves are a unique ecosystem because they live in two transition zones, always green, and tolerant of salt. However, globally it is under serious threat due to environmental issues that are closely related to deforestation and degradation of mangrove forests. Mangrove ecological services as a carbon sink can help mitigate climate change and global warming. This capability has not been utilized optimally, especially in NTB, specifically Gili Sulat, which has natural mangrove forests. Therefore, this research aims to identify, explain, describe, and understand the carbon content of trees in mangrove species in Gili Sulat. The station determination method is done by purposive sampling. The sampling technique for carbon content was carried out using a non-destructive method, namely measuring the diameter at breast height and tree height. The results of the study found nine mangrove species in the tree category where the highest potential carbon content was found in the species Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, namely 0.285 ton C/ha and 183.255 ton C/643 ha, and the lowest was found in the species Exoecaria agallocha, namely 0.010 ton C/ha and 6.430 ton C/643 Ha. Meanwhile, the total biomass, carbon content, and carbon dioxide absorption of mangrove species in Gili Sulat were 661.004 tonnes/643ha, 331.145 tonnes C/643 ha, and 1212.698 tonnes CO2/643 ha respectively. The high potential carbon content of mangrove tree species in Gili Sulat proves that the ecological services of Gili Sulat's mangroves have a positive impact on climate change mitigation and global warming.
The National Collective Management Institute (LMKN) as an Appraiser of Economic Value in the Binding of Music and Song Copyrights as Objects of Fiduciary Guarantees
Authors: Handayani Sri , Emirzon Joni , Yahanan Annalisa
Published: July 2023

One of the creations protected by copyright is songs and/or music. Legal protection for them is a necessity in order to create a conducive climate to the development of music industry in Indonesia. In order to facilitate song and/or music writers with better control over their works, they can appoint representatives to regulate the management of their royalty, in this case LMKN (The National Collective Management Institute). Law number 28 of 2014 concerning copyrights regulates that copyright can be used as an object of fiduciary guarantee. However, its use is still hampered by the fact that the economic value of music and song copyrights cannot be determined easily, especially if it is used for fiduciary guarantee. Most banks do not accept it for loan collateral. The objective of this research was to analyze the roles of LMKN as the determiner of the economic values of song and music copyrights for the purpose of binding them for objects of fiduciary guarantee. This normative study uses statutory approach, conceptual approach, analytical approach, and futuristic approach. The determination of the economic values of song and music copyrights can be done by LMKN, a one- stop service institution that collects the royalty of music and song in Indonesia. The National Collective Management Institute (hereinafter briefly referred to as LMKN) as an institution that can provide an appraiser of the economic value of Music and Song Copyrights. The use of SILM (a music and song information system and data center) can help the estimation of music and song’s economic value based on the royalty accepted by the art’s creator or copyright holder. The amount of royalty can determine the binding of music and song copyrights for the objects of fiduciary guarantee.
Optimizing Market Growth Strategies in South Sulawesi: A Comprehensive Evaluation using Multi-Criteria Decision Making and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) - A Case Study of PT MCM
Authors: Kurniawan Chandra , Hermawan Pri
Published: July 2023

This study uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) to improve market growth in South Sulawesi, concentrating on the instance of PT MCM especially on Makassar Distribution Centre. The objective is to identify potential market development strategies and assess their viability and efficacy in attaining PT MCM's growth objectives. Additionally, the study evaluates the potential hazards and difficulties associated with implementing each alternative strategy. The research methodology entails collecting pertinent data and conducting interviews with key stakeholders in order to identify the critical factors influencing South Sulawesi market development. Financial, market development, human resources, and operations are the four primary dimensions that categorize these factors. The AHP method is then used to determine the relative weights and priorities of each criterion and alternative strategy through a thorough evaluation. On the basis of the findings, three alternative strategies are identified: Full Third-Party Distributor, Stand Still, and Invest in Makassar Branch Development. PT MCM's optimal strategy is determined to be the development of the Makassar Branch through investment, as determined by the evaluation procedure. This business solution highlights the significance of investing in HR development and control, expanding the number of potential customers, and enhancing brand equity as key priorities for the Makassar Branch's success. Preventive measures and contingency plans are proposed to address prospective threats and challenges. Among these are optimizing operational processes, controlling accounts receivable, implementing recruitment strategies, supplying training and resources, and conducting internal audits.
Mlako kršćanstvo
Authors: Kljajić Stipo
Published: July 2023

Zadnje u nizu od sedam pisama maloazijskim crkvama (Otk 2-3) jest pismo Crkvi u Laodiceji (Otk 3,14-22) koje je umnogome posebno: od toga da je ono završetak prvoga dijela Knjige Otkrivenja, odnosno da je svojevrstan most između prvoga i drugog dijela Otkrivenja, pa sve do važne činjenice da je to jedino pismo kojemu nedostaje bilo kakva Kristova pohvala za dobra djela te ga mnogi, s pravom ili ne, smatraju najoštrijim od svih sedam pisama crkvama u Maloj Aziji. U radu se – kombinirajući sinkronijski i dijakronijski pristup, odnosno više egzegetskih metoda – analizira sadržaj Pisma Crkvi u Laodiceji i pokušava se dati odgovor na nekoliko temeljnih pitanja koja proizlaze iz sadržaja pisma, poput sljedećih: koja su to djela ili nedjela laodicejskih kršćana zbog kojih za njih Krist ima samo kritičke riječi (sve do onih da će ih »ispljunuti iz svojih usta«), odnosno u čemu je degradacija Crkve u Laodiceji tolika da izostaju bilo kakve riječi pohvale? Ima li za laodicejsku kršćansku zajednicu ikakve nade za poboljšanje, odnosno za obraćenje, budući da im Krist upućuje najoštrije riječi? Koje su sličnosti između stanja Crkve u Laodiceji i moderne Crkve, odnosno današnjih kršćana?
O mogućnosti i načinima naturaliziranja fenomenologije
Authors: Mudri Nebojša
Published: July 2023

Naturaliziranje fenomenologije projekt je integriranja filozofskih analiza svjesnih doživljaja u eksplanatorni okvir prirodnih znanosti. O mogućnosti provedbe takvog projekta istaknuti pripadnici fenomenološkog pokreta imali su podijeljene stavove. Martin Heidegger strogo je odvajao bitno mišljenje koje pušta bića da se pokažu u svom načinu bitka od metodološki vođenog znanstvenog istraživanja, dok je Edmund Husserl po pitanju naturalizacije ostao ambivalentan, kritizirajući psihologizam te kasnije ukazujući na utemeljenost znanosti u svijetu života, no također postavljajući zahtjev stroge znanstvenosti, pridržavanja metodoloških koraka redukcija i suzdržavanja od metafizičkih predrasuda. Tek je u djelima Maurice Merleau-Pontyja naturaliziranje fenomenologije postalo prihvaćeno kao pozitivna mogućnost koja će unaprijediti i znanost i filozofiju, u povezivanju empirijskih istraživanja i transcendentalnih analiza. Suvremene struje formalizirane, eksperimentalne ili neurofenomenologije, koliko god se međusobno razlikovale, slijede u tom smislu Merleau-Pontyja, ukazujući na neizostavnost fenomenoloških deskripcija pri proučavanju složenih aspekata svjesnog uma. Plodonosnu suradnju fenomenološke filozofije i integrativne kognitivne znanosti uvjetuje nužnost multiperspektivnog i interdisciplinarnog pristupa ako nastojimo razumjeti i objasniti život svjestan svijeta implementiran u dinamički sustav interaktivnih procesa u mozgu, tijelu i okolini.
THE RELATİONSHIP BETWEEN QUEEN BEE SYNDROME AND LEADERSHIP: A VİEW TO HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Yazar Poyraz Zöhre , Kılıç Taşkın
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate into the perception of “Queen Bee Syndrome” among female healthcare workers employed in healthcare industry, followed by an analysis of the relationship this syndrome has with female healthcare workers’ perception of “Leadership”, and to pinpoint the differences in queen bee syndrome according to certain socio-demographic characteristics. Designed as a cross-sectional study, this research had a sample of 515 female healthcare workers. Research was conducted from December 2021 to March 2022 on female healthcare workers employed in Ordu province. Data was collected using “Personal Information Forms”, the “Queen Bee Phenomenon Scale”, and “Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire”. SPSS version 23.0 and AMOS 23 statistical package programs were used for data evaluation. As a result of this study, a significant inverse relationship was found between sub-dimensions of the Queen Bee Phenomenon Scale and subdimensions of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire.
Commercial-Scale Demonstration of a First-of-a-Kind Enhanced Geothermal System
Authors: Norbeck Jack , Latimer Timothy
Published: July 2023

Fervo Energy has completed construction of a commercial enhanced geothermal system (EGS) project and has qualified full functionality of the system through production testing at commercially relevant operating conditions. The project site is located in a nearfield setting adjacent to an operating geothermal power station in north-central Nevada and is designed to deliver an uplift in high-temperature geothermal flow rates to increase the power capacity at the facility. The project involved drilling a first-of-a-kind EGS horizontal doublet well system, consisting of an injection and production well pair within a high-temperature, hard rock geothermal formation. The lithology of the target reservoir is characterized as a mixed metasedimentary and igneous formation, comprised of phyllite, quartzite, diorite, and granodiorite, representative of the geology across the most prospective geothermal areas throughout the western US. The lateral sections of the wells were drilled with 9 7/8" hole size, completed with 7" casing, extended approximately 3,250 ft horizontally, and reached a maximum measured temperature of 376 $^\circ$F. A modern multistage, plug-and-perforate stimulation treatment design with proppant was used to enhance the permeability of both horizontal wells. A 37-day crossflow production test was performed in April-May 2023, confirming that the EGS wells are connected hydraulically by a highly conductive fracture network. During production testing, the system achieved flow rates of up to 63 L/s, production temperatures of up to 336 $^\circ$F and a peak power production of 3.5 MW electric power equivalent. Flow profile wireline logs were performed on the horizontal injection well during the crossflow test, validating that the stimulation treatment design resulted in flow allocation along the entire lateral. Production temperature increased continuously throughout the test, indicating that no significant thermal short-circuit pathways were created during stimulation operations.Based on a review of historic EGS projects, Fervo's horizontal doublet well design is most productive EGS system to-date in terms of flow rate and electric power equivalent. In successfully completing this project, we have demonstrated that no major technical barriers exist to deploying horizontal EGS systems in similar metasedimentary or igneous formations up to temperatures of approximately 400 $^\circ$F. Numerical reservoir simulation models calibrated with the field data from this project demonstrate a clear innovation pathway to increasing the power capacity up to 8 MW of electric power per production well, meeting or exceeding the performance criteria outlined in Advanced Scenario the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's 2023 Annual Technology Bulletin for geothermal energy.
Differences in Emotion Expression, Suppression, and Cardiovascular Consequences Between Black and White Americans in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Study
Authors: Finley Anna J , Baldwin Cassandra , Hebbring Tia , van Reekum Carien M. , Thayer Julian F. , Davidson Richard , Schaefer Stacey M.
Published: July 2023

Objective: Recent theoretical work suggests the expression of emotions may differ among Black and White Americans, such that Black Americans engage more frequently in expressive suppression to regulate emotions and avoid conflict. Prior work has linked expressive suppression usage with increases in cardiovascular disease risk, suggesting that racialized differences in expressive suppression usage may be one mechanism by which racism “gets under the skin” and creates heath disparities. Method: To examine racialized differences in expressive suppression and blood pressure (a measure of cardiovascular disease risk), we used data from two cohorts of Black and White Americans from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) longitudinal study (MIDUS 2, n = 271, 34.7% Black, collected from 2004-2009; MIDUS Refresher 1, n = 114, 31.6% Black, collected from 2012-2016; total N = 385, 33.9% Black). Results: Black Americans reported engaging in expressive suppression more frequently than White Americans and showed less corrugator facial electromyography (fEMG) activity during negative images. Less corrugator activity during negative images was associated with higher systolic blood pressure only for Black Americans. Conclusion: Overall, results are consistent with theoretical accounts that Black Americans engage more frequently in expressive suppression, which in turn is related to higher cardiovascular risk. Additional research is needed to further test this claim, particularly in real-world contexts and self-reports of in-the-moment usage of expressive suppression.
Effect of Process Variables, Adsorption Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies of Hexavalent Chromium Removal from Aqueous Solution by Date Seeds and its Activated Carbon by ZnCl2
Authors: Theydan Samar K.
Published: July 2023

The adsorption of hexavalent chromium by preparing activated carbon from date seeds with zinc chloride as chemical activator and granular date seeds was studied in a batch system. The characteristics of date seeds and prepared activated carbon (ZAC) were determined and found to have a surface area 500.01 m2/g and 1050.01  m2/g , respectively and  iodine number of 485.78 mg/g and 1012.91  mg/g, respectively. The effects of PH value (2-12), initial sorbate concentration(50-450mg/L), adsorbent weight (0.004-0.036g) and contact time (30-150 min) on the adsorption process were studied . For Cr(VI) adsorption on ZAC, at 120 min time contact, pH solution 2 and 0.02  adsorbent  weight  will achieve an amount of 35.6 mg/g adsorbed  . While when use date seeds as adsorbent , conditions of 3 solution pH, 0.02 absorbent  weight , and 120 contact time gave  26.49 mg/g adsorbed amount. Using both Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips models were explain the dsorption isotherms. It declare  that the Sips model fits well with the experimental data with a maximum  Cr( VI) adsorption capacity for (ZAC) and granular date stone 233.493 and  208.055  mg/g, respectively . The kinetics data which obtained at different initial Cr(VI)  concentrations  were examined by using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models . The result gained showed that the second-order model was only describing well the empirical kinetics data of both (ZAC) and granular date seeds. It was noticed that the granular date seeds has   adsorption performance lower than the (ZAC).
Facebook sebagai Media Humas dalam Mepromosikan MAN 2 Solok Selatan kepada Masyarakat
Authors: Ritonga Rahmi Anggina
Published: July 2023

Facebook is a social media platform that provides image or video sharing services and online news. Given the large number of social media users, Facebook can also be used as a promotional medium by public relations in an educational institution. In addition, social media is also used to gain public sympathy and trust and foster public opinion that is useful and has an impact on the progress of an educational institution. One of the ways used by public relations at MAN 2 Solok Selatan to gain sympathy, trust and foster good public opinion is to use Facebook social media because the level of Facebook users is quite high. This study aims to determine how the use of Facebook as a promotional media used by MAN 2 Solok Selatan. The approach used is qualitative with a literature study method. Sources of data obtained are primary and secondary data sources. Data collection techniques using interviews. The results showed that Facebook as a medium to promote madrasah.
Delayed radiation-induced motor neuron syndrome: A case report
Authors: Giray Esra , Karayigit Merve , Senocak Kubra Cambekli , Illeez Ozge Gulsum , Ozkan Feyza Unlu , Aktas Ilknur , Gozke Eren
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Delayed radiation-induced motor neuron syndrome (DRIMNS) is an atypical motor neuron disorder that develops months or years after radiation therapy. In this study we present a case of DRIMNS that developed forty years after radiotherapy and to discuss differential diagnoses. CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-year-old male patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of increasing difficulty in walking for the past year. He had a history of operation and radiotherapy due to testicular tumor. Electroneuromyography (ENMG) and thoracic, lumbosacral, plexus and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed considering radiculopathy, plexopathy and motor neuron disease in the differential diagnosis. MRIs revealed no abnormality. Needle EMG of lower extremity and lumbar paraspinal muscles revealed fibrillation and positive sharp waves concomitant with fasciculations and reduced recruitment suggesting anterior horn cell/root involvement. DRIMNS was considered rather than motor neuron disease based on the long duration of symptoms with slow progressive course and history of radiotherapy to the pelvic region. CONCLUSION: DRIMNS is a rare entity that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lower extremity muscle weakness in a patient with a history of malignancy and radiotherapy. EMG findings are very valuable in making the diagnosis together with the clinical picture.
Future-proofing the people? A comparative analysis of data sovereignty as a discursive practice in Western European right-wing populism’s digital policies
Authors: Meijen Jens
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the concept of data sovereignty as a discursive practice in light of the populist idea of popular sovereignty and analyzes the digital policies of Western European right-wing populist parties (WEPs). It argues that WEPs use popular sovereignty and data sovereignty in a similar way: as discursive tools to legitimize drawing power back to the national level (with divergent and often contradictory interpretations), rather than workable foundations for policy plans. The paper also discusses how international cooperation, which populists often reject, is a useful tool to achieve data sovereignty. With this contradiction in mind, the paper develops an agent-based typology of data sovereignty as a discursive practice. It then analyzes the most recent official electoral programs of several WEPs: AfD in Germany, PVV and FvD in the Netherlands, UKIP in the UK, Vlaams Belang in Belgium, and Rassemblement National in France. It uses a comparative policy analysis to compare the cases along several data points such as the proposed roles of governments, private companies, and cyber diplomacy. Most of the WEPs under discussion see data sovereignty as synonymous with individual privacy, do not acknowledge the role of international cooperation, and use digital policy as a means of reinforcing their image as challenger parties.
Effect of Pathway-Specific Polygenic Risk Scores for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) on Rate of Change in Cognitive Function and AD-Related Biomarkers Among Asymptomatic Individuals
Authors: Xu Yuexuan , Vasiljevic Eva , Deming Yuetiva K. , Jonaitis Erin M. , Koscik Rebecca L. , Van Hulle Carol A. , Lu Qiongshi , Carboni Margherita , Kollmorgen Gwendlyn , Wild Norbert , Carlsson Cynthia M. , Johnson Sterling C. , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Engelman Corinne D.
Published: July 2023

Background: Genetic scores for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) have been associated with preclinical cognitive decline and biomarker variations. Compared with an overall polygenic risk score (PRS), a pathway-specific PRS (p-PRS) may be more appropriate in predicting a specific biomarker or cognitive component underlying LOAD pathology earlier in the lifespan. Objective: In this study, we leveraged longitudinal data from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention and explored changing patterns in cognition and biomarkers at various age points along six biological pathways. Methods: PRS and p-PRSs with and without APOE were constructed separately based on the significant SNPs associated with LOAD in a recent genome-wide association study meta-analysis and compared to APOE alone. We used a linear mixed-effects model to assess the association between PRS/p-PRSs and cognitive trajectories among 1,175 individuals. We also applied the model to the outcomes of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in a subset. Replication analyses were performed in an independent sample. Results: We found p-PRSs and the overall PRS can predict preclinical changes in cognition and biomarkers. The effects of PRS/p-PRSs on rate of change in cognition, amyloid-β, and tau outcomes are dependent on age and appear earlier in the lifespan when APOE is included in these risk scores compared to when APOE is excluded. Conclusion: In addition to APOE, the p-PRSs can predict age-dependent changes in amyloid-β, tau, and cognition. Once validated, they could be used to identify individuals with an elevated genetic risk of accumulating amyloid-β and tau, long before the onset of clinical symptoms.
Internet of things (IoT) based heart disease classification framework using deep learning techniques
Authors: Mansoor J. Shafiq , Subramaniam Kamalraj
Published: July 2023

The usage of cloud-based grid computing services and Internet of Things (IoT) devices in medical diagnoses is increasing enormously. The cloud service provider’s data centers store vast amounts of data without processing it. This big data need some intelligent technique to analyze and classify heart disease from the considerable volume of data; it is a challenging task. Many deep learning techniques are introduced earlier for heart disease diagnosis in the literature study. Still, all other classification techniques failed to achieve the minimum loss in heart disease classification with the highest accuracy and faster performance. This research introduces a new classification approach to overcome these issues: elephant herding optimizer turned restricted Boltzmann machine EHO-RBM network. The optimizer is used in this network to optimize the number of neuron utilization during the learning process by updating the network weight without compromising the loss. The previous research proves that the optimizer is performed well in reaching global minima efficiently. Therefore, the new classifier incorporates the optimizers instead of the classical stochastic gradient descent optimizer to improve the network performance by minimizing the global minima faster with less loss in predicting heart disease. The simulation result of the new heart disease classification framework shows that the elephant herding optimizer-trained classification model has reduced the loss rate and maximized the accuracy rate up to 0.0027 then the comparison method. As a result, the new classifier has obtained a maximum accuracy of up to 99.96% .
Secure clustering and routing based on multi Objective – trust aware average inertia weighted cat swarm optimization for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Vennam Preethi , Mouleeswaran S.K.
Published: July 2023

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are a group of devices/sensors which are connected as a network for transferring and receiving the data observed from the environment through intermediate links. Energy efficiency and security during data broadcasting are considered challenging tasks in the WSN. These challenging tasks are considered as a motivation of this research and the Multi-Objective - Trust Aware Average Inertia Weighted Cat Swarm Optimization (MO-TAIWCSO) is proposed for achieving secure reliable transmission over the WSN. Due to an effective velocity update of searching process, the AIWCSO is selected for discovering an optimal solutions. The developed MO-TAIWCSO is optimized by using the trust, energy ratio, communication cost, and degree of SCH. This MO-TAIWCSO performs optimal Secure Cluster Head (SCH) and secure path discovery for the secure transmission of data under malicious attacks. The main objective of this MO-TAIWCSO is to improve the data delivery while minimizing the energy usage of the nodes. The performance of the MO-TAIWCSO method is analyzed by using the throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), energy consumption, network lifetime, Normalized Routing Load (NRL) and End to end delay (EED). The existing researches namely ETOR and TBSEER are used to evaluate the MO-TAIWCSO. The PDR of MO-TAIWCSO for 100 nodes is 99.97%, which is high when compared to the ETOR and TBSEER.
Lightweight Security for IoT
Authors: Saurabh  , Sharma Chirag , Khan Shakir , Mahajan Shubham , Alsagri Hatoon S. , Almjally Abrar , Alabduallah Bayan Ibrahimm , Ansari Asrar Ahmad
Published: July 2023

With the ever-increasing demand for IoT Devices which enable all objects to connect and exchange information in applications such as healthcare applications, Industry 4.0, smart cities and smart homes, etc. IoT devices play a crucial role in our day-to-day life like homes, offices, healthcare, wearable, and agriculture. With the development of IoT devices, securing device-to-device communication has attracted more and more attention and we need to ensure the privacy and security of data amongst these IoT devices. User authentication has emerged as a major security concern while connecting IoT devices and the cloud. Many authentication schemes like mutual authentication, group authentication have been proposed to ensure only authenticated users and with very high confidence we can rely on the decision-making process. Symmetric key based as well as Asymmetric key-based solutions have been proposed but due to the resource constraint nature of the IoT devices designing lightweight, robust, provably secure authentication schemes is a big challenge. This paper discusses the various authentication techniques designed for low-powered IoT devices and proposes a lightweight authentication scheme for IoT.
Hearing Rehabilitation Using Bone Conduction Implants in Patients With Single-Sided Deafness After Vestibular Schwannoma Removal
Authors: Lee Jeong Gum , Park Ju Ha , Moon In Seok
Published: July 2023

Background and Objectives Vestibular schwannoma (VS) itself or treatment of VS can cause single-sided deafness (SSD), a unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Patients of SSD experience communication problems, which can be frustrating. For decades, many types of bone conduction implants (BCIs) have been developed and used to treat such hearing problems. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of BAHD surgery to treat SSD patients’ hearing impairment and analysed the complications patients suffer.Subjects and Method A retrospective chart review was conducted on 12 patients who had undergone BCIs, such as Baha Attract, Bonebridge, and Sophono implantation, after removal of VS. From 2016 to 2021, one senior surgeon at a single tertiary hospital performed surgery for SSD rehabilitation. The authors analysed the clinical features, radiologic findings (CT and MRI), hearing tests (pure tone audiogram [PTA], speech audiogram [SA], and Korea hearing in noise test), subjective satisfaction scores (abbreviated profile of hearing aid benefit), and surgical outcomes of the patients.Results All patients underwent temporal MRI, temporal bone CT scan, PTA, and SA at least 3 years after VS removal and confirmed no residual tumour or serviceable contralateral hearing at the last follow-up. Among the patients (12), eight received Baha Attract implantation, three received Bonebridge implantation, and one received Sophono implantation. On the average, patients’ ipsilateral hearing outcomes improved by 82.7 dB (from 115.8±9.8 dB to 33.1±9.5 dB).Conclusion There are many methods of hearing rehabilitation in SSD that are used after VS, but BCI seemed to be the most useful treatment.
Local Rotatory Flap Reconstruction After Treatment of Auricular Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hong Joon-Pyo , Kim Kyu Nam , Kim Min-Beom
Published: July 2023

Complete surgical removal of tumor is a main treatment strategy of auricular squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). However, the appropriate reconstruction of the defect should also be carefully planned because of an aesthetic importance of the auricle. A local flap has a better functional advantage than a free flap for minor defects and therefore it should be primarily considered if possible. With a review of literature, we propose a case of auricular SCC which was successfully treated by wide resection and reconstructed by local rotatory flap.
PROPERTIES OF IDEAL WOUND DRESSING
Authors: KAYA Seçil , DERMAN Serap
Published: July 2023

Objective: Many substances have been used for wound-burn treatment to date. Recent studies have focused not only on covering the wound but also on the production of dressings that will provide patient comfort at the highest level. This review mentions the types of dressings and the expected features of an ideal wound dressing. An ideal wound dressing should close the wound and protect against external factors such as microorganisms. It must have an appropriate absorption capacity for the exudate level in terms of not drying the wound. It should mimic healthy skin with mechanical strength and flexibility. Wound dressing is expected to accelerate healing by supporting cell proliferation and migration.
Result and Discussion: One or more of these features come to the fore when the patient's age and chronic diseases, wound depth, degree, and stage are considered. As a result, since many factors are influential in wound dressing selection, it is crucial to examine the properties of materials. Wound dressings should be developed by considering tissue debridement, infection control, moisture balance, and epithelization.
IMPROVING LISTENING COMPREHENSION BY USING (VOA) ENGLISH BROADCAST STUDENTS OF SMK NEGERI 3 KAYU AGUNG
Authors: Azizah Maratul , Sholikhah Hani Atus
Published: July 2023

This research was intended to investigate the use of VOA English broadcast for students’ listening comprehension. The subject of this research was ten grade Akuntansi of SMK Negeri 3 Kayuagung. The method of this article is a pre-experimental research with students of Akuntansi as the sample. The effect size (ES) calculation is 1.27 as the result; so it meant that improving listening comprehension by using VOA was effective. Based on the calculating the significances’ score of pre-test and post-test, the writer measured the effect size (ES) of the treatment. The average of pre-test was 5.00 and def. was 0.71. while the average of post-test was 8.13 and def. was 0.71. and standard deviation in both pre-test and post-test was 1.13 and it is categorized high. This findings can also be used as a references for teacher to improve students’ listening comprehension in teaching and learning process
L-Arginine abrogates maternal and pre-pubertal codeine exposure-induced impaired spermatogenesis and sperm quality by modulating the levels of mRNA encoding spermatogenic genes
Authors: Akhigbe Roland Eghoghosoa , Afolabi Oladele A. , Ajayi Ayodeji Folorusho
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Although, codeine has been demonstrated to lower sperm quality; the effects of maternal and prepubertal codeine exposure on male offspring is yet to be reported. In addition, the effect of arginine on codeine-induced decline in sperm quality has not been explored. This study investigated the impact of maternal and prepubertal codeine exposure on spermatogenesis and sperm quality in F1 male Wistar rats to study the effect that codeine may have during recreational use in humans. Also, the effect of arginine supplementation on codeine-induced alteration in spermatogenesis and sperm quality was evaluated.

Methods

Female rats were treated with either 0.5 ml distilled water or codeine orally for eight weeks, and then mated with male rats (female:male, 2:1). The F1 male offsprings of both cohorts were weaned at 3 weeks old and administered distilled water, codeine, arginine, or codeine with arginine orally for eight weeks.

Results

Prepubertal codeine exposure in rats whose dams (female parents) were exposed to codeine delayed puberty and reduced the weight at puberty. Prepubertal codeine exposure exacerbated maternal codeine exposure-induced reduced total and daily spermatid production, sperm count, sperm motility, and normal sperm form, as well as impaired sperm plasma membrane integrity and increased not intact acrosome and damaged sperm DNA integrity. These perturbations were accompanied by a decrease in mRNA levels encoding spermatogenic genes, testicular testosterone and androgen receptor (AR) concentrations, and upregulation of sperm 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8OHdG). Prepubertal arginine supplementation mitigated codeine-induced alterations.

Discussion

This study provides novel experimental evidence that maternal and prepubertal codeine exposure reprogramed spermatogenesis and sperm quality of male FI generation by decreasing mRNA levels encoding spermatogenic genes and AR via oxidative stress-mediated signaling, which was abrogated by prepubertal arginine supplementation.
The role of mtDAMPs in the trauma-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Authors: Ye Jingjing , Hu Xiaodan , Wang Zhiwei , Li Rui , Gan Lebin , Zhang Mengwei , Wang Tianbing
Published: July 2023

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a non-specific exaggerated defense response caused by infectious or non-infectious stressors such as trauma, burn, surgery, ischemia and reperfusion, and malignancy, which can eventually lead to an uncontrolled inflammatory response. In addition to the early mortality due to the “first hits” after trauma, the trauma-induced SIRS and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) are the main reasons for the poor prognosis of trauma patients as “second hits”. Unlike infection-induced SIRS caused by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), trauma-induced SIRS is mainly mediated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) including mitochondrial DAMPs (mtDAMPs). MtDAMPs released after trauma-induced mitochondrial injury, including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and mitochondrial formyl peptides (mtFPs), can activate inflammatory response through multiple inflammatory signaling pathways. This review summarizes the role and mechanism of mtDAMPs in the occurrence and development of trauma-induced SIRS.
An open-label randomized controlled trial of leflunomide in patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infection
Authors: Pan Zhou , Wan Zhihui , Wang Yixuan , Zha Shiqian , Zhang Jingyi , Chen Hao , Hu Ke
Published: July 2023

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of leflunomide for the treatment of acute, symptomatic COVID-19.

Methods

A single-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial was performed during an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in December 2022. Symptomatic patients within 5 days of COVID-19 onset were randomly allocated to receive 5 days of either symptomatic treatment with leflunomide or symptomatic treatment alone. The primary endpoint was time to sustained clinical recovery.

Results

Fifty-seven participants were randomized into two groups: 27 received leflunomide plus symptomatic treatment and 30 were assigned to symptomatic treatment alone. Participants treated with leflunomide had a shorter fever duration [3.0 interquartile range (IQR, 2.0–4.0) days and 4.0 (IQR, 3.0–6.0) days, respectively (p = 0.027)] and reduced viral shedding [7 (IQR, 6–9.5) days and 9.0 (IQR, 7.5–12.0) days, respectively (p = 0.044)] compared with individuals treated with symptomatic treatment alone. However, there were no significant differences in time to sustained clinical recovery between the two groups [hazard ratio, 1.329 (95% confidence interval, 0.878–2.529); p = 0.207].

Conclusion

In acute adult COVID-19 patients presenting within 5 days of symptom onset, leflunomide combined with symptomatic treatment reduced fever duration and viral shedding time.

Clinical Trial Registration

https://www.chictr.org.cn/about.html, ChiCTR2100051684.
Straw mulch improves soil carbon and nitrogen cycle by mediating microbial community structure and function in the maize field
Authors: Liu Bangyan , Dai Yisha , Cheng Xin , He Xian , Bei Qicheng , Wang Yifan , Zhou Yuling , Zhu Bo , Zhang Kangping , Tian Xiaoqin , Duan Meichun , Xie Xiaoyu , Wang Longchang
Published: July 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the capability of the microbial community characteristics and soil variables to promote carbon and nitrogen cycles in maize fields under straw mulch. We covered the surface soil of the maize field with different amounts of wheat straw (0 kg/ha, 2,250 kg/ha, and 4,500 kg/ha) and used 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing, Biology ECO-plate, traditional enzymology, TOC analyzer, and HPLC to measure bacterial and fungal community composition and functions, characteristics of microbial carbon source metabolism, carbon and nitrogen fraction, enzyme activity, and organic acid content in the maize rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere. The results indicated that short-term straw mulch insignificantly affected the alpha diversity of bacterial and fungal communities whereas significantly influenced their beta diversity. The results of functional prediction revealed that straw mulch considerably boosted the relative abundances of bacteria belonging to chemoheterotrophy, aerobic chemoheterotrophy, ureolysis, and nitrogen fixation and inhibited fermentation and nitrate reduction in maize rhizosphere soil. These processes primarily drove the C and N cycles in soil. Straw mulch also improved fungal saprotrophs by raising the proportion of Chaetomiaceae and Chaetosphaeriaceae. The Biology ECO-plate results illustrated that straw mulch weakened the metabolism capacity of microbial labile carbon resources. As a result, the labile C and N fractions were raised under straw mulch. Our results also showed that straw mulch primarily regulated the microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil by significantly decreasing Firmicutes and Ascomycota relative abundance while increasing Basidiomycota. The fungal community structure is more than bacterial for affecting soil microbial biomass carbon, readily oxidizable organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, available nitrogen, ammonium, and nitrate directly and indirectly through malic acid content and cellulase, protease, and amylase activity. Overall, our findings imply that straw mulch might influence the bacterial and fungal community structures, thereby boosting the production of labile C and N components and accelerating the C and N cycle in maize fields.
Cortical cerebrovascular and metabolic perturbations in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Jullienne Amandine , Szu Jenny I. , Quan Ryan , Trinh Michelle V. , Norouzi Tannoz , Noarbe Brenda P. , Bedwell Amanda A. , Eldridge Kierra , Persohn Scott C. , Territo Paul R. , Obenaus Andre
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The 5xFAD mouse is a popular model of familial Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that is characterized by early beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and cognitive decrements. Despite numerous studies, the 5xFAD mouse has not been comprehensively phenotyped for vascular and metabolic perturbations over its lifespan.

Methods

Male and female 5xFAD and wild type (WT) littermates underwent in vivo18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging at 4, 6, and 12 months of age to assess regional glucose metabolism. A separate cohort of mice (4, 8, 12 months) underwent “vessel painting” which labels all cerebral vessels and were analyzed for vascular characteristics such as vessel density, junction density, vessel length, network complexity, number of collaterals, and vessel diameter.

Results

With increasing age, vessels on the cortical surface in both 5xFAD and WT mice showed increased vessel length, vessel and junction densities. The number of collateral vessels between the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and the anterior and posterior cerebral arteries decreased with age but collateral diameters were significantly increased only in 5xFAD mice. MCA total vessel length and junction density were decreased in 5xFAD mice compared to WT at 4 months. Analysis of 18F-FDG cortical uptake revealed significant differences between WT and 5xFAD mice spanning 4–12 months. Broadly, 5xFAD males had significantly increased 18F-FDG uptake at 12 months compared to WT mice. In most cortical regions, female 5xFAD mice had reduced 18F-FDG uptake compared to WT across their lifespan.

Discussion

While the 5xFAD mouse exhibits AD-like cognitive deficits as early as 4 months of age that are associated with increasing Aβ deposition, we only found significant differences in cortical vascular features in males, not in females. Interestingly, 5xFAD male and female mice exhibited opposite effects in 18F-FDG uptake. The MCA supplies blood to large portions of the somatosensory cortex and portions of motor and visual cortex and increased vessel length alongside decreased collaterals which coincided with higher metabolic rates in 5xFAD mice. Thus, a potential mismatch between metabolic demand and vascular delivery of nutrients in the face of increasing Aβ deposition could contribute to the progressive cognitive deficits seen in the 5xFAD mouse model.
Effect of web-implemented exercise interventions on depression and anxiety in patients with neurological disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Hanyue , Wang Rong , Kong Zhenxing , Yu Jingjing , Hou Xiao , Zhang Shouwei
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Web-implemented exercise intervention is the latest and innovative method to improve people's mental health. Currently, many studies have proven that web-implemented interventions are effective to improve depression and anxiety in adults. However, the influence of different web-implemented exercise interventions on depression and anxiety in patients with neurological disorders is still unclear.

Objective

The study aims to systematically summarize the type and content of web-implemented exercise interventions and quantify the effect of different web-implemented exercise interventions on depression and anxiety in patients with neurological disorders.

Methods

Four literature databases (PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang data) were searched. The literature search considered studies published in English or Chinese before October 13, 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that participants accepted web-implemented interventions were included. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias for included studies. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% CI were used to integrate the effect size.

Results

16 RCTs (a total of 963 participants) were included. The results showed that web-implemented exercise intervention had a significant effect on depression (SMD = −0.80; 95% CI, −1.09 to −0.52; I2 = 75%; P < 0.00001) and anxiety (SMD = −0.80; 95% CI, −1.23 to −0.36; I2 = 75%; P = 0.0003) in patients with a neurological disorder. The subgroup analysis showed that the effectiveness of the web-implemented exercise intervention was influenced by several factors, such as web-implemented exercise intervention type, component, and intervention duration.

Conclusion

Web-implemented exercise intervention has a relieving effect on depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with neurological disorders. Additionally, the intervention type, intervention duration, and component can influence the effect size.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails, identifier: CRD42023409538.
Time discrimination and change detection could share a common brain network: findings of a task-based fMRI study
Authors: Goena Javier , Alústiza Irene , Vidal-Adroher Cristina , Garcés María Sol , Fernández Miguel , Molero Patricio , García-Eulate Reyes , Fernández-Seara María , Ortuño Felipe
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Over the past few years, several studies have described the brain activation pattern related to both time discrimination (TD) and change detection processes. We hypothesize that both processes share a common brain network which may play a significant role in more complex cognitive processes. The main goal of this proof-of-concept study is to describe the pattern of brain activity involved in TD and oddball detection (OD) paradigms, and in processes requiring higher cognitive effort.

Methods

We designed an experimental task, including an auditory test tool to assess TD and OD paradigms, which was conducted under functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 14 healthy participants. We added a cognitive control component into both paradigms in our test tool. We used the general linear model (GLM) to analyze the individual fMRI data images and the random effects model for group inference.

Results

We defined the areas of brain activation related to TD and OD paradigms. We performed a conjunction analysis of contrast TD (task > control) and OD (task > control) patterns, finding both similarities and significant differences between them.

Discussion

We conclude that change detection and other cognitive processes requiring an increase in cognitive effort require participation of overlapping functional and neuroanatomical components, suggesting the presence of a common time and change detection network. This is of particular relevance for future research on normal cognitive functioning in the healthy population, as well as for the study of cognitive impairment and clinical manifestations associated with various neuropsychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia.