bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent progress in single-molecule transistors: their designs, mechanisms and applications
Authors: Fu Huanyan , Zhu Xin , Li Peihui , Li Mengmeng , Yang Lan , Jia Chuancheng , Guo Xuefeng
Published: October 2021

Single-molecule field-effect transistors (FETs) are the key building blocks of electronic circuits and a unique platform for studying physical mechanisms. Here, the designs, mechanisms and applications of single-molecule FETs are summarized.
Comprehensive functional network analysis and screening of deleterious pathogenic variants in non-syndromic hearing loss causative genes
Authors: Ray Manisha , Sarkar Saurav , Sable Mukund Namdev
Published: October 2021

Hearing loss (HL) is a significant public health problem and causes the most frequent congenital disability in developed societies. The genetic analysis of non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) may be considered as a complement to the existent plethora of diagnostic modalities available. The present study focuses on exploring more target genes with respective non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) involved in the development of NSHL. The functional network analysis and variant study have successfully been carried out from the gene pool retrieved from reported research articles of the last decade. The analyses have been done through STRING. According to predicted biological processes, various variant analysis tools have successfully classified the NSHL causative genes and identified the deleterious nsSNPs, respectively. Among the predicted pathogenic nsSNPs with rsIDs rs80356586 (I515T), rs80356596 (L1011P), rs80356606 (P1987R) in OTOF have been reported in NSHL earlier. The rs121909642 (P722S), rs267606805 (P722H) in FGFR1, rs121918506 (E565A) and rs121918509 (A628T, A629T) in FGFR2 have not been reported in NSHL yet, which should be clinically experimented in NSHL. This also indicates this variant’s novelty as its association in NSHL. The findings and the analyzed data have delivered some vibrant genetic pathogenesis of NSHL. These data might be used in the diagnostic and prognostic purposes in non-syndromic congenitally deaf children.
Continuous modelling of the Bouregreg watershed (Morocco) using the HEC-HMS model
Authors: Laassilia Oussama , Ouazar Driss , Bouziane Ahmed , Hasnaoui Moulay Driss
Published: October 2021

A deep understanding of the rainfall-runoff mechanism is essential to estimate the runoff generated in a given basin. In this regard, this paper aims to develop a continuous hydrological model of the Bouregreg watershed. The objective of this modelling is to evaluate the inflow to the Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (SMBA) dam, located at the outlet of this basin. To this end, using the HEC-HMS model, the Soil Moisture Accounting (SMA) Loss Method was used to model infiltration losses. The SCS Unit hydrograph (SCS UH) and the Recession method were chosen as transform model and baseflow model, respectively. As a result, the comparison shows an acceptable agreement between observed and simulated flow in terms of streamflow distribution and peak values (NSE=0.57, R2=0.58). During validation, the model retained its ability to sufficiently reproduce the rainfall-runoff mechanism of the studied basin with a slight overestimation of peaks (NSE=0.61, R2=0.60). This study allows to assess and predict the inter-annual and intra-annual variation of the SMBA dam reservoir’ inflows, and therefore to forecast the climate change impact on this basin.
Estimation of the HEC-HMS model parameters in data-scarce regions. Application to the Ouergha watershed (Sebou, Morocco)
Authors: Moumni Hasna , Sebari Karima , Stour Laila , Ahbari Abdellatif
Published: October 2021

The availability, accessibility and quality of data are significant obstacles to hydrological modelling. Estimating the initial values of the hydrological model´’ ’s parameters is a laborious and determining task requiring much attention. Geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial remote sensing are prometting tools for processing and collecting data. In this work, we use an innovative approach to estimate the HEC-HMS hydrological model parameters from the soil map of Africa (250m), the land use map GLC30, the depth to bedrock map, the digital elevation model and observed flow data. The estimation approach is applied to the Ouergha basin (Sebou, Morocco). The proposed approach’s interest is to feed the HEC-HMS hydrological model with initial values of parameters close to the study area reality instead of using random parameters.
Mixed finite element method of a seawater intrusion problem in confined aquifers
Authors: Medarhri Ibtissam , Farhloul Mohamed , Najib Khalid , Slimani Soumia , Zine Abdelmalek
Published: October 2021

We consider a model mixing sharp and diﬀuse interface approach for the seawater intrusion phenomenon in confined aquifers. The aim of this work is to introduce and analyze a new mixed formulation, obtained by writing the problem into a matrix form, and introducing a new variable σ =R(u)∇urepresenting the flux tensor of the primal variableu= (h, Φf)T. Here, h represents the depth of the salt/freshwater interface, Φf, the hydraulic head of freshwater, and R(u) a symmetric and positive definite diﬀusion matrix. We show that the continuous problem is well-posed. For the time discretization of this new mixed formulation, we use a semi-implicit scheme, and we show that the problem is well posed.
Hydrogeological Characterization and Groundwater Resources Assessment of the Chtouka Coastal Aquifer (SOUTH-WEST, Morocco)
Authors: Benkou Soukaina , Larabi Abdelkader , Faouzi Mohamed , Ait Raoui Oussama
Published: October 2021

The coastal aquifer of Chtouka, with an area of 1250 km2, is located south of Agadir city in the Massa basin. The Chtouka aquifer is made up of a complex of heterogeneous formations mainly represented by alluvium and Plio-Quaternary lacustrine limestones which rest on the marls and sandy marls of the Miocene, which constitutes the substratum of this aquifer. The groundwater of the Chtouka aquifer is mainly used for agricultural and drinking water supply of Biougra, Ait Amira centers, and the rural communes of the plain. The average water withdrawals from the groundwater during the period of 2000-2015 are estimated at 85 Mm3/year, of which 90% corresponds to withdrawals by agricultural pumping. These withdrawals generated 58 Mm3/year which has led to a depletion of the groundwater reserves. The aquifer reservoir is mainly supplied by the infiltration of rainwater and partly by the irrigation water percolation by gravity which covers only 2% of the irrigation perimeter with a surface area of 17260 ha. The analysis of piezometric records, carried out for the series of years 1968-2020, showed a general decrease of groundwater level with drawdown values between 3 and 35 m. The sectors most affected by this decrease are located in the northern half where values reach 35 m in the northwest, 9 m in the north around Biougra Ait Amira, and around 14 m in the south. Further east, the recorded cumulative drawdown values oscillate around 8 m. These drawdowns are lower in the coastal zone to the west and hardly exceed 3 m. The obvious drop in the northern sectors of the study area is due to the reduction in groundwater recharge following the succession of dry years, but mainly due to the intensive exploitation of groundwater by agricultural pumping. In the northwest, the drop in the piezometric level is moderated by the impoundment of the modern irrigated perimeter of the Massa large hydraulics, served from the Youssef Ben Tachefine dam water reservoir. To improve our knowledge and our relevant understanding of this aquifer’s functioning, a hydrogeological study was carried out to identify and assess these water resources, in terms of updated piezometric and new balance. Indeed, the aquifer was greatly impacted by the last successive droughts which have hit the region since 2014. This updated assessment of these groundwater resources will contribute to better management of the Chtouka aquifer and will assist the manager in making the right decision regarding water resources planning.
Adoption of Big data technology by water stakeholders in Morocco: An adaptation of the technology acceptance model
Authors: Moumen Aniss , Slimani Hajar , Mejjad Nezha , Ben-Daoud Mohamed
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, big data technologies are becoming increasingly important in the modernization of organizations’ information systems. Indeed, water and climatology data producers and users deal daily with massive data processing. These actors need new technology to overcome the difficulties in data integration, processing and visualization. This paper presents an exploratory study about the intention to use big data technology by the water stakeholders in Morocco; we also present an exploratory review of technology acceptance model theory, a theoretical framework that explains the factors of adopting new technologies by users.
Treatability tests of synthetic leachate from the Al-Hoceima city controlled landfill
Authors: Charki Asmae , El Ouarghi Hossain , Ahari M’hamed
Published: October 2021

Due to population growth and the intensification of economic activity, the production of solid waste is constantly increasing in Morocco [1]. Several programs consist of the establishment of controlled landfills and the rehabilitation of uncontrolled landfills. The impact of landfilling is the production of liquid effluents rich in organic, mineral, and metallic matter called leachate [2,3]. The choice of leachate treatment is based on the characteristics of the leachate. Any treatment process has advantages and limitations, so before proceeding with the treatment it is necessary to characterize the leachate to choose the appropriate process [11]. The objective of this study is to prepare synthetic leachate based on the characteristics of real leachate (case of the controlled landfill of Al Hoceima), in order to carry out treatability tests of this synthetic leachate by controlling the various parameters of analysis. This solution was made from organic (CH3CO2H, CH3CO2Na) and inorganic compounds (MgSO4, CaCl2, Ca(OH)2, NH4Cl, KOH, MgCl2), the various analyzes of this solution gave values comparable to the real solution. This work was devoted to carrying out the treatability tests of synthetic leachate by a process of adsorption on bentonite, by studying its yield to reduce the organic load.
Implementation of a Group Cutting Scheme during Processing of Large-Module Gears with a Prefabricated Tool
Authors: Artamonov E.V. , Kireev V.V. , Zyryanov V.A.
Published: October 2021

Currently, when machining gears, the main problem arises - the resistance of a standard worm mill. In the current conditions of sanctions, import substitution and the launch of the State program for the development of its own metal cutting tool designs by tool companies, the creation of prefabricated structures can be considered a promising and effective solution, since this has been repeatedly confirmed by leading Russian researchers [1-8].
Analysis of Linear Dimension Accuracy of Sheet Metal Bending
Authors: Safronov Evgeniy , Nosko Andrey
Published: October 2021

Working on the design of the products obtained by the V-bending, the engineer uses the nominal thickness of the material. In this case, the problem is to evaluate the accuracy of the linear dimensions of the resulting products due to deviations in the thickness of the material and the manufacturing technology of the steel sheets. Article presents analysis of linear dimension accuracy for V-bending for the metal cold-rolled and hot-rolled sheets with thickness 1.0…8.0 mm and width from 1000…1500mm. Proposed method is based on the calculation of difference between nominal flat length and flat lengths corresponding maximum and minimum thickness of the metal sheet.
Telecommunication Network for Controlling the Processes of Micro-Sized Structures Topology Formation
Authors: Chkalov Ruslan
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the task of organization of complex interaction between separate modules of technological installations for material processing. The basic principles of control software development of industrial laser systems for precision processing, the possibility of implementing remote control of the complex executing hardware are considered. The system application examples for solving problems of high-precision processing of transparent solid materials are shown.
Investigation of the Finishing Technology of SLM Implants
Authors: Ablyaz Timur , Muratov Karim , Shlykov Evgenii , Osinnikov Ilia , Konogorova Luiza
Published: October 2021

In this research, the use of plasma electrolytic polishing (PEP) as a finishing treatment of materials obtained by the SLM method from CoCr30 cobalt-chromium powder is proposed. To assess the possibility of using this method, a simulator sample was used. The imitation sample was polished for 60 seconds. The roughness and the size of the removal material were measured. Based on the results obtained for the simulator sample, a conclusion was made about the possibility of using PEP technology for finishing the treatment stent. The stent simulator was also polished. The processing time was 30s and 60s. The geometric parameters were measured, and the removal material was calculated. Images of the stent surface were taken before and after PEP. It was found that with an increase in the processing time from 30 to 60 seconds, the allowance removed from all surfaces increases almost twice. The possibility of using the PEP technology as a finishing operation for the manufacture of stents from cobalt-chromium alloys is shown.
The Study of the Preliminary Forming Process of the Highly-Homogeneous Mixture Consisting of the Aluminum Powder – CNT in the Production Technology of Composite Materials
Authors: Vetkasov Nikolai , Sapunov Valeriy , Varlamov Sergey
Published: October 2021

The issue of the nanocomposites’ synthesis using of aluminum matrixes, reinforced with carbon nanotubes, with high physical and mechanical performance capabilities, as related to achieving of the homogeneous dispersion of carbon nanotubes in the composite’s aluminum matrix has been considered. Basics of the preparation technology have been developed and requirements for parameters of the so-called «normalized» mixture (highly-homogeneous in terms of volume of the dry mixture «aluminum powder – single-walled carbon nanotubes), intended for the efficient synthesis of composite granules by the mechanical alloying have been determined.
Approach to Anomaly Detection in Self-Organized Decentralized Wireless Sensor Network for Air Pollution Monitoring
Authors: Meleshko Alexey , Desnitsky Vasily , Kotenko Igor
Published: October 2021

The paper reveals the essence and features of the proposed approach to detecting anomalies in a self-organizing decentralized wireless sensor network (WSN). As a basis for detecting anomalies, the used WSN is intended to monitor atmospheric air pollution near industrial facilities and human life objects. The distinctive features of such a network are the decentralized nature of its structure and services, the autonomy and mobility of the network nodes, as well as the possibility of non-deterministic physical movement of nodes in space. The spontaneous nature of the dynamic formation of the network topology as well as the assignment of roles and private monitoring functions between the available network nodes determines such networks are subject to attacks that exploit the properties of network decentralization and its self-organization. The proposed approach to detecting anomalies is based on the collection and analysis of data from sensors and is designed to increase the security of self-organizing decentralized WSN by identifying anomalies that are critical in the context of the monitoring purposes.
An Enterprise Management Framework for Costs Engineering Estimation Models Based on Scopus Scientometrics. An Aerospace Engineering Case Study
Authors: Aksenova T. V.
Published: October 2021

The cutting-edge industrial product creation faces battling goals. There is an additional expenditure need to enhance new product reliability, and nevertheless, an enterprise should reduce product costs to receive the long-term development funds. This conflict resolution depends on a design engineer, who should take into account the future product costs as early, as possible. So, the purpose of this article is to elicit the most widespread cost estimation models at all design stages. I purposely investigate the models' limits to propose their common frame. The research methodology is Scopus scientometrics. First, I elicit the most authoritative reviews on the design cost estimation topic. Then I made the reviews content analysis and summarize the models’ limitations. Findings show that the design cost estimation models significantly vary. They do not eliminate or substitute for each other. Each model is suitable in an appropriate designing process place. Scientometric analysis points that advanced cost estimation models are poorly evolved for enterprise efficiency prediction including the aerospace industry. To overcome these obstacles, I propose an enterprise goal model. This study’s novelty is that a fitting combination of cost estimation models ensures the whole enterprise's economical effectiveness.
Influence of Design and Technological Parameters of Disk Working Bodies on the Height of the Crest of the Bottom of the Furrow
Authors: Konovalov Vladimir I. , Konovalov Sergey I.
Published: October 2021

Disks are one of the most common tillage working bodies used both on independent machines and tools, and as part of combined aggregates. Compliance with agrotechnical requirements is a necessary condition for improving the technological efficiency of the disk working bodies. The height of the furrow bottom ridge depends on a number of design and technological parameters of adjacent disks, as well as the distance between them. In the article, analytical expressions are obtained that allow us to describe the relationship between the height of furrow bottom ridge formed between the projections of cutting edges of adjacent disks, structural and technological parameters, and a given orientation scheme.
Numerical Simulation of the Instability of a Non-Isothermal Liquid Film in Film Devices
Authors: Prokudina L.A. , Vikhirev M.P.
Published: October 2021

This work presents results of numerical simulation of the instability of vertical liquid film flow at moderate Reynolds numbers in the framework of partial differential equation of the state of the free surface of the liquid film. Equation coefficients include different physicochemical factors such as surface tension parameter and Marangoni parameter. Python scripts are used for computation of wave characteristics, instability regions of liquid films and liquid films free surface state. Computational experiments were carried out for the vertical water and alcohol films. Results could be used in the design or modernization of existing equipment and in the design of technological processes in liquid films.
Design scheme and operating principle of a centrifugal seed distributor of a pneumatic grain seeder
Authors: Bogus Azamat E. , Vyshebabina Alina
Published: October 2021

The disadvantages of existing distribution systems of pneumatic grain seeders are presented. A design scheme of a centrifugal seed distributor is proposed and the principle of its operation, the causes of uneven distribution, and the history of the development of grain seeders, in which the principle of central seed dosing is implemented, are described. The analysis of designs of pneumatic grain seeders is carried out, the types of their dosing and distribution systems are revealed.
Stability assessment methods of technological processes
Authors: Tchigirinsky Julius , Chigirinskaya Nataly , Evtyunin Alexander
Published: October 2021

Ensuring the stability of quality indicators and product accuracy in modern conditions requires not only classical production measures but also organizational arrangements, which deals with clarifying and modernizing the conceptual apparatus. The study analyzes the methods for assessing the stability of machining, established in the standard process documents regulating the issues of product quality management in mechanical engineering, and reveals the ambiguity of the term ‘stability’ relating to processes under transition to the arrangement of digital production and the use of equipment with adaptive control. The Fisher criterion can be used for quantitatively analyzing the stability of processes under statistical control.
Value Analysis of the Machine-Building Enterprise Repair Facilities Activities
Authors: Mineeva Tatyana A. , Kuznetsova Nadezhda A. , Kalinina Nataliia E.
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the problems of the organizational structure optimization by the method of Value Analysis (VA). The analysis of the control system is of particular relevance in modern conditions. The purpose of this article is to adapt the Value Analysis to the management structure with the possibility of increasing efficiency. VA is a universal and highly effective method for optimizing parameters and other design, technological, organizational, economic characteristics of products, works and services. The hypothesis of the possibility of applying the Value Analysis to the organization of the enterprise subdivision work is considered. The article examines the VA tools using the example of an enterprise's repair service. An organizational structural-element model of the object is being built. Decomposition of functions is carried out. According to the level criterion, the functions are classified into main and auxiliary ones. The significance and functional costs are determined. A functional-cost diagram is constructed, which allows highlighting the functions with the greatest deviations that need to be improved. The VA stages are accompanied by graphical illustrations and tables which allow us to clearly demonstrate the logic of the method application to the work of the enterprise division. As a result, the optimal concept of the organization of the machine-building enterprise structural unit is formed.
Organizational Problems of Machine-Building Enterprises in the Context of Small-Scale Production
Authors: Tipner Lyudmila , Markova Yuliya , Vasiliev Nikita
Published: October 2021

The need to increase labour productivity and improve the competitiveness of engineering products, as well as to increase high-tech exports, are urgent tasks for the development of industry in the Russian Federation. The creation of competitive products implies flexibility in the approach to the consumer, which leads to an increase in the share of enterprises operating in conditions of small-scale production. The purpose of this study is to assess the reserves of productivity growth at machine-building enterprises of small-scale and unit-type production in the Ural region. Research has shown that organizational factors, such as the automation of production preparation processes, the use of photo-timing studies in the conditions of small-scale production, have a significant impact on labour productivity. In this case, the solution of organizational problems helps to create informational database for introduction at the enterprises of mechanical engineering complex life cycle management of products (the PLM).
Use of Solar Panels in the Design of Small CubeSat Spacecraft
Authors: Selivanov Kirill V. , Vasiliev Igor A. , Yakovenko Arina A.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses organization of power supply for small spacecraft of CubeSat type. Various methods of power supply of CubeSat onboard equipment are worked out. The use of solar panels (SP) for power supply of CubeSat is proposed. The developed technology for the production of solar arrays of the required size from solar panels has been demonstrated. The organization of incoming control of solar panels to improve reliability and achieve maximum efficiency of produced solar panels is considered. A developed stand for diagnostics of solar cells, which allows detecting latent defects, is presented. The issue of determining power characteristics of the developed solar panels and the necessary optimal load for their maximum efficiency is discussed. The installation of solar panels on the CubeSat aircraft is described. The efficiency of solar panels is tested in space by launching CubeSat on a stratospheric probe. The parameters of the aircraft current supply and current generation by solar panels obtained as a result of the experiment are collected and processed, the results are presented in the article in the form of graphs. On basis of the data obtained, effectiveness of the use of solar panels on small aircraft of the CubeSat type is shown.
Acceleration of Evaluation, Synthesis and Selection of Engineering Solutions by Morphological Approaches
Authors: Rakov Dmitry
Published: October 2021

The article discussed the issues of creating a decision support system in the design process. It is based on morphological methods and approaches. These approaches can be successfully used to accelerate the evaluation, synthesis and selection of engineering solutions at the conceptual design stage. With the help of combinatorics, it is possible to generate a significant number of different engineering solutions. The conceptual stage is the most important in determining the future parameters and characteristics of the designed systems. The article also considers the possibility of computerization of the morphological approach. All this leads to an increase in the efficiency of the design process as a whole.
Informativity of the Vibration Signal of the Spindle Unit of the Metal Cutting Machine
Authors: Denisenko Alexander , Mikhailov Viktor
Published: October 2021

Monitoring the condition of the spindle units of modern metal-cutting machines by methods of non-selective diagnostics involves the possibility of installing monitoring sensors in places with maximum vibration information. In this regard, the assessment of the informative value of the vibration field of the spindle unit, which can be carried out in advance, taking into account the design features, geometric and dimensional characteristics, is an urgent task. Based on the energy approach, a computational model based on the median planes of the walls is proposed using the example of a universal lathe spindle unit. On the basis of the calculated model, the energy balance equations are drawn up taking into account the conditions for the transmission of vibration power between the walls of the housing. The dependences that allow us to calculate the coefficients that take into account the absorption of vibration energy by the walls of the housing are given. The solution of the energy balance equations made it possible, based on the level of the vibration power flow, to rank the walls of the spindle unit body by information content,. The resulting model of the vibration field can be used to determine the reference values of vibration velocities that are formed from sources in the absence of defects. This will allow for non-selective diagnostics to detect the occurrence of a defect at an early stage, and in the presence of a defect to assess the level of its development.
Development of a Monitoring System for Maintenance and Repair of High-Tech Equipment
Authors: Korneev Andrey , Kozlov Alexandr , Lavrukhina Tamara , Strukov Andrey
Published: October 2021

The article presents a system for monitoring high-tech equipment, uses methods of system analysis and decision theory to optimize organizational tasks in the maintenance of high-tech equipment. The possibility of optimizing service channels based on the parameters set by the requirements for performing a certain type of work is considered. The monitoring system of high-tech equipment (MSHTE) is presented in the form of blocks that take into account all types of high-tech equipment, components and assemblies of each of them, technical characteristics, operating parameters, a list of the composition of engineering teams that perform the corresponding maintenance work.
The Automated Management Implementation of the Distributed Information Systems’ Communication Infrastructure
Authors: Kodolov Sergey , Aksyonova Olga
Published: October 2021

The intensive introduction of virtualization technologies, the transition to software-oriented methods and the active use of universal tools make it possible to provide comprehensive automation of the processes of managing the communication infrastructures of a modern enterprise. The use of modern methods for creating network resources and network management tools makes it possible to find solutions for many problems that arise during the construction or modernization of distributed information systems. This paper presents an example of the implementation of the concept of "Infrastructure as Code", the use of a set of virtualization platforms and network management tools in the construction of a distributed laboratory complex of an educational institution. The paper shows how the use of modern methods and tools provides comprehensive automation of the management of network resources of a distributed laboratory complex, which makes it possible to combine disparate laboratory resources of an educational institution into a single software-controlled complex, intensify the learning process and instill in students practical skills in building modern data transmission systems.
Simulation of a Contact Pseudo-Environment in Calculating Thermal Resistance
Authors: Denisenko Alexander , Grishin Roman , Podkruglyak Liubov
Published: October 2021

The use of the temperature criterion in the design of metal-cutting machines, determined on the basis of models that take into account the contact thermal resistances, is an objective necessity. These models should take into account to the maximum extent the actual conditions of contact of parts in the design under consideration, determined by the deviations of the mating surfaces from the ideal shape. The article presents the results of numerical modeling based on the finite element method of the formation of the contact thermal resistance and the evaluation of the influence of the parameters of the intermediate layer (pseudo-environment) that occurs in the contact zone of surfaces with macro-deviations on the passage of the heat flow. The obtained results allowed us to identify the most significant of the considered parameters. It is established that when modeling a pseudo-environment, it is necessary to take into account the coefficient of its thermal conductivity, the size, location and integrity of the actual contact zone.
Innovative Course of Descriptive Geometry
Authors: Sergeyeva Irina , Korotkova Yelena , Kolos Edward , Martinez Christian
Published: October 2021

The paper deals with the solution to the problems of insufficient preparation of applicants for the study of the Descriptive Geometry course offered to them in the university during their first year of education in such programs of study as Mechanical Engineering, Automation of Technological Production Processes, Mechatronics and Robotics, as well as Oil and Gas Engineering. The relevance, efficiency and advantages of an innovative course using AutoCAD and new teaching material for independent work of both Russian and foreign students were evaluated. Algorithms for the construction of 3D models of intersecting tangent surfaces and surfaces with a common inscribed sphere were developed to control individual tasks. The tasks of two-level complexity of constructing projections of parts with surfaces intersecting along curved lines and their 3D models with sections for monitoring the retained knowledge of students on the subject were developed and the effectiveness of their application was evaluated.
Improving the Accuracy of Low-Rigid Shaft Lathing in Self-Centering Steady
Authors: Drachev Oleg , Gorshkov Boris , Tisenko Victor , Samokhina Natalia
Published: October 2021

Device for axis-stabilizing of low-rigid work pieces has been presented in the article. The method of calculation of dynamic parameters of the “work pieces-supports” subsystem is discussed. The influence on dynamic of work pieces by different variants of fixation is explored.
Schedule Planning Proceeding of Transfer Batches in Flexible Automated Lines While Sets are Forming and Limits are Recognized
Authors: Krotov K.V. , Drozin A.Y. , Zaikina E.N.
Published: October 2021

The hierarchical approach while solving the problem of complex scheduling of transferred batches of units using flexible transfer lines is considered, when sets and time limits of flexible transfer lines are formed. Mathematical model of hierarchical game to optimize a mixture of transferred batches is developed. The groups of sets are processing during time intervals of definite lengths. The schedules of batches of units are optimized, using the mathematical model. The way of optimizing a mixture of groups of sets while resulting batches are formed, is developed.
Features of Soil Tillage during the Cultivation of Spring Barley
Authors: Semenikhina Yulia , Kambulov Sergey , Podlesniy Dmitriy , Boyko Andrey
Published: October 2021

Spring barley is a multipurpose crop. High-quality and valuable grain is grain with a high protein content, which is formed at high temperatures in the phase of grain filling. But droughty conditions are unfavorable for the entire growing season of plants. Therefore, the cultivation of spring barley in an arid climate requires a competent approach and is based on a rational combination of agrotechnical methods, among which a special place is given to the main tillage. The purpose of the research is to establish the effect of various methods of soil cultivation on soil moisture and density, as well as on the yield of barley. We studied 4 options for soil cultivation: deep flat-cut, deep layer-by-layer non-moldboard, deep moldboard plowing and direct sowing without tillage. According to the results of the research, the highest soil moisture was established with direct sowing. A decrease in soil moisture was revealed for layer-by-layer tillage by 12.46%, for flat-cut till-age by 13.83%, for moldboard tillage by 15.84%. Studies of soil density by the phases of development of spring barley for each of the methods of soil cultivation have established an increase in density with depth. The highest yield of spring barley was obtained with direct sowing. At the same time, it exceeded the yield with the dump method of tillage by 4.37%, with the layer-by-layer method by 14.48% and with the flat-cut method of tillage by 17.26%. Thus, in arid conditions, direct sowing provided the best results in soil moisture and yield in the cultivation of spring barley
Revealing a Rational Scheme of Level-By-Level Approximation to the Minimum Route
Authors: Starostin N.D. , Shipacheva Е.N. , Zaytsev Ya.A.
Published: October 2021

For the problem of routing tool movements between processing zones, in a formulation close to the traveling salesman problem, a method for calculating the minimum route, as a rule, leading to an optimum on tests with dimensions of up to 150 zones, is proposed and tested.
Features of Use of Rapid Prototyping Technology in the Manufacture of Wax Models of GTE Turbine Blades
Authors: Vdovin R.A.
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the main results related to the peculiarities of using 3D printing technology and methods of rapid prototyping in the manufacture of wax models of blades of a GTE turbine. The main design solutions that must be used in the design of a blade blank are presented in detail: the total shrinkage coefficient, equidistant rolling of the airfoil profile, allowance along tract surfaces, radial fillets, and a number of others. The results of control of geometric dimensions of the turbine blade blanks at the corresponding stages of the technological process showed deviations from the nominal value within the tolerance range for the executable dimensions, and the statistical information from the measurement of an experimental batch of wax models of blade blanks showed stability of the silicone tooling and ability to manufacture a series of wax models of the blades in the amount of 100 pieces when using one mold.
Determination of Lubricant Layer Thickness with an Allowance for Oil Absorption Capacity of Contacting Surfaces
Authors: Terentyev Dmitry , Platov Sergey , Kharchenko Maxim , Ogarkov Nikolay , Dema Roman , Suvorova Elena
Published: October 2021

The paper describes an analytical model for calculating an extreme pressure lubricant layer thickness with an allowance for oil absorption capacity of contacting surfaces. The model is practically assessed in laboratory conditions. The experimenting work shows that the speed of the relative displacement of contacting surfaces and the oil absorption capacity of their rough layers contributes to the thickening of the lubricant. The analysis of the results shows that it is the oil absorption capacity of rough layers that has the strongest influence on the change in the thickness of the extreme pressure lubricant layer.
The unusual cytoarchitecture of “vitelline follicles” in freshwater blood flukes of the genus Sanguinicola (Digenea, Aporocotylidae)
Authors: Poddubnaya Larisa G. , Zhokhov Alexander , Gibson David I.
Published: October 2021

This is the first study assessing the cytoarchitecture of the vitellarium of members of the freshwater, teleost-infecting lineage of blood-flukes (Aporocotylidae). The vitelline cytoarchitecture of two innominate species of Sanguinicola from freshwater fishes in Russia showed that vitelline cells at different stages of maturation are widely distributed throughout much of the body and are mixed with other cell types. The latter feature indicates that use of the term “follicular vitellarium” is inappropriate for species of this genus. An additional characteristic of the vitelline cells in these Sanguinicola spp. is their ability to form long, pseudopodia-like extensions of the peripheral cytoplasm that contact neighbouring vitelline cells and sarcoplasmic extensions, forming both heterologous and homologous intercellular junctions. Within the vitelline duct lumen, the cytoplasm of mature vitelline cells is filled with regular clusters (0.5–1.0 μm in diameter), comprising 10–30 vitelline globules, which have heterogeneous contents and electron-lucent lipid droplets (1.1–1.7 μm in diameter), but no apparent modifications of vitelline globules occur within the vitelline duct. The flattened, ciliated, epithelial lining of the common vitelline duct contains intra-epithelial nuclei, its luminal surface bears shallow lamellae and adjacent cells are adjoined by apical septate junctions. All of these observations, when compared to the marine Aporocotyle simplex, likely represent additional characteristics supporting the divergent evolutionary lineages of marine and freshwater aporocotylids.
Reshaping energy policy based on social and human dimensions: an analysis of human-building interactions among societies in transition in GCC countries
Authors: Ghofrani Ali , Zaidan Esmat , Jafari Mohsen
Published: October 2021

Without major structural changes, social sciences can potentially bolster economic diversification and strategic planning efforts in developing countries. This article presents an analysis of a set of human-oriented dimensions to enhance energy policies associated with the building sector in developing countries with similarities to the Gulf Cooperation Council union (GCC). A clear understanding of human dimensions in the GCC union’s energy policy is crucial due to social complexities and large numbers of expatriate communities and migrant workers with unknown cultural, behavioral, and financial diversities with respect to local communities. This study evaluates the correlations of demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral dimensions with human–building interactions to identify the main contributors that create discrepancies in human habits, well-being, motivations, responsibilities, and energy use based on a sample of 2200 respondents in Qatar. Moreover, this study is extended to explore human indoor comfort perception dependencies with building features. Behavioral associations with financial drivers, including energy subsidies and demand response programs, are investigated. The patterns in the data are analyzed and attributed to applications in energy policy concerning awareness, social well-being, and interventions. The sample is clustered into various consumer classes, and a feature importance analysis is conducted via machine learning methods to find the key contributors to consumer behavior. The outcomes show profound insight into how human factors influence consumption, consequence awareness, self-responsibility, habits, norms, and comfort perception in residential and work environments. The findings of this study can assist decision-makers in creating targeted strategies to enhance the efficacy of energy policies and improve sustainability performance indicators.
Improving the thermal insulation of nitrogen cryocontainers using the loop-shaped evacuation process
Authors: Zhun H. H. , Borshch O. Ye.
Published: October 2021

The improvement of serial cryobiological Dewar containers with the use of the lowest thermal conductivity in calorimetric samples of screen-vacuum thermal insulation (SVTI) during storage of liquid nitrogen became possible after the development of fundamental methods for determining heat fluxes for each element of cryocontainers structure and the study of the peculiarities of heat transfer in SVTI. It is established that the deterioration of thermal insulation on cryocontainers by 7–8 times occurs from its gluing when they are heated during the manufacturing process. An additional decrease in the quality of thermal insulation by ∼2 times during operation is due to the formation of cryocondensate from the pumped-out gas separation products in the cold layers of SVTI and an increase in radiant heat transfer. Eliminating the adhesion of the SVTI, as well as changing the direction of evacuating gas separation products towards the warm wall of cryocontainers through 35 perforated SVTI layers using an open loop-shaped evacuation process allowed to increase their service life by ∼2 times (up to 145–148 days). However, it remains practically unchanged over 15 years of operation.
Properties of higher-order surface acoustic wave modes in Al1−xScxN/sapphire structures
Authors: Feil N. M. , Mayer E. , Nair A. , Christian B. , Ding A. , Sun C. , Mihalic S. , Kessel M. , Žukauskaitė A. , Ambacher O.
Published: October 2021

In this work, surface acoustic wave (SAW) modes and their dependence on propagation directions in epitaxial Al0.68Sc0.32N(0001) films on Al2O3(0001) substrates were studied using numerical and experimental methods. In order to find optimal propagation directions for higher-order SAW modes, phase velocity dispersion branches of Al0.68Sc0.32N on Al2O3 with Pt mass loading were computed for the propagation directions <112¯0> and <11¯00> with respect to the substrate. Experimental investigations of phase velocities and electromechanical coupling were performed for comparison with the numerical results. Simulations carried out with the finite element method and a Green function approach allowed identification of each wave type, including Rayleigh, Sezawa, and shear-horizontal wave modes. For the propagation direction <11¯00>, significantly increased wave guidance of the Sezawa mode compared to other directions was observed, resulting in enhanced electromechanical coupling (keff2=1.6%) and phase velocity (vphase=6km/s). We demonstrated that selecting wave propagation in <11¯00> with high mass density electrodes results in increased electromechanical coupling without significant reduction in phase velocities for the Sezawa wave mode. An improved combination of metallization, Sc concentration x, and SAW propagation direction is suggested that exhibits both high electromechanical coupling (keff2>6%) and high velocity (vphase=5.5km/s) for the Sezawa mode.
High-throughput deterministic pairing and coculturing of single cells in a microwell array using combined hydrodynamic and recirculation flow captures
Authors: Fan Lei , Guan Zhangyan , Luo Tao , Ren Jifeng , Lam Raymond H. W. , Sun Dong
Published: October 2021

Single-cell level coculture facilitates the study of cellular interactions for uncovering unknown physiological mechanisms, which are crucial for the development of new therapies for diseases. However, efficient approaches for high-throughput deterministic pairing of single cells and traceable coculture remain lacking. In this study, we report a new microfluidic device, which combines hydrodynamic and recirculation flow captures, to achieve high-throughput and deterministic pairing of single cells in a microwell array for traceable coculture. Compared with the existing techniques, the developed device exhibits advantages with regard to pairing efficiency, throughput, determinacy, and traceability. Through repeating a two-step method, which sequentially captures single cells in a meandering channel and a microwell array, cell number and type can be easily controlled. Double and triple single-cell pairings have been demonstrated with an efficiency of 72.2% and 38.0%, respectively. Cellular engulfment using two breast cell lines is investigated on a developed microfluidic chip as a biological case study, in which the morphological characteristics and the incidence rate are analyzed. This research provides an efficient and reliable alternative for the coculture of single cells on the microfluidic platform for various biomedical applications, such as studying cellular engulfment and tumor sphere formation under single-cell pairing condition.
PIC/MC calculation of current–voltage characteristic of emissive probe
Authors: Jílek Z , Čaloud J , Zikán P , Obrusník A , Trunec D
Published: October 2021

Two numerical models were used to study the function of an emissive (electron-emitting) probe—the PIC/MC model and the thermal model. The PIC/MC model was used to calculate the I–V characteristics of the emissive probe. The calculations were focussed on the determination of the floating potential of the probe, which increases with increasing probe temperature. It was found that the floating potential can reach the value of the plasma potential, and it can even be higher than the plasma potential. The dependence of the floating potential on probe temperature is linear in the vicinity of the plasma potential, and the slope of this dependence changes when the floating potential equals the plasma potential. The potential profiles near the probe were also calculated and it was found that the space charge effects can be neglected for the plasma parameters studied (electron density 1014–1016 m−3, electron temperature 2500–40 000 K, probe temperature up to 2500 K). The thermal model was used for the calculation of the dependence of probe temperature and potential profiles on DC current passing through the probe (and heating the probe). The thermal model was based on the heat equation, which was solved using the finite element method. Finally, the results from both the above-mentioned models were combined to obtain the dependencies of floating potential on probe heating DC current.
Manipulation of a temporal electron-spin splitter via a δ-potential in an embedded magnetic-electric-barrier microstructure
Authors: Liu Gui-Xiang , Tang Ge , Liu Jian-Lin , Guo Qing-Meng , Yang Shuai-Quan , Xie Shi-Shi
Published: October 2021

We theoretically explore the manipulation of a temporal electron-spin splitter by a δ-potential in an embedded magnetic-electric-barrier microstructure (EMEBM), which is constructed by patterning a ferromagnetic stripe and a Schottky-metal stripe on the top and bottom of an InAs/Al
x
In1−x
As heterostructure, respectively. Spin polarization of the dwell time remains, even though a δ-potential is inserted by atomic-layer doping. Both the magnitude and sign of the spin-polarized dwell time can be manipulated by changing the weight or position of the δ-potential. Thus, a structurally controllable temporal electron-spin splitter can be obtained for spintronics device applications.