bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENTRE ORAÇÃO E AÇÃO: O LEGADO DA LEGIÃO DE MARIA EM SÃO GONÇALO DO AMARANTE
Authors: Pereira Antonio Renaldo Gomes
Published: March 2024

A Legião de Maria é uma associação de fiéis da Igreja Católica, conhecida por seu compromisso com a evangelização e a promoção da devoção mariana. O artigo foi desenvolvido a partir dos Relatórios produzidos pelos alunos da Escola de Ensino Fundamental Maria do Socorro Gouveia no âmbito da disciplina de Ensino Religioso. Os relatórios produzidos pelos alunos tratam de documentar as histórias e funções sociais dos locais sagrados da sede municipal. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a presença e o impacto da Legião de Maria no município de São Gonçalo do Amarante, Ceará, explorando sua história, hierarquia, atividades, organização e influência no município. Metodologicamente, na etapa realizada pelos alunos, foi realizada uma abordagem nos moldes etnográficos da Antropologia, visitas aos locais e entrevistas semiestruturadas com pessoas que participam ou utilizam os serviços oferecidos; em seguida, realizamos uma análise dos relatórios produzidos e confirmação dos dados coletado; por fim, uma análise documental. Concluímos que entre os desafios encontrados pela associação, para continuar existindo no município residem, na possibilidade de moderação da carga de obrigações para os participantes.
Zakat Distribution Consept at LAZISMU Pamekasan and Its Relevance to Umar Bin Khattabs Zakat Distibution
Authors: Fitriyah Nurul , Haryanto Rudy , Abidin Zainal
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine the concept of zakat distribution in LAZISMU Pamekasan and its relevance to umar bin khattabs zakat distibution. This research uses a qualitative research method, which is explanatory qualitative research with a field research type of research. Data collection was carried out using non participan observation methods, semi structured interviews, and documentation methods. The results of the research show that, in terms of regulation, LAZISMU Pamekasans zakat distribution pattern follows central regulations origininating from Law Number 23 of 2011 concerning zakat in Indonesia. Some of Umar bin Khattabs zakat policies, especially in zakat distribution, are relevant to the zakat distribution pattern at LAZISMU Pamekasan because they are both centered on government regulations. Umar bin Khattab has full authority over the zakat policy for the reasons of avoiding corrupt practices and unfair and equitable distribution.
Revitalising The Regulation of Zakat Institutions in Indonesia to Achieve Economic Justice
Authors: Jamal Mulyono , Handayani Agung Lia , Zuhroh Ainun Amalia
Published: March 2024

This research aims to provide a solution to the dual function problem of BAZNAS. The problem required the regulatory aspect improvement. Indentifiying national business governance issues, improving the regulation of Law No. 23/2011 on zakat management is crucial. The separation of the two functions of BAZNAS will also reduce the risk of misuse of zakat funds which can be significantly reduced, an independent regulator can conduct monitoring and auditing more effectively. This research uses qualitative method or conceptual review of secondary data through literature study approach. The purpose of the research is to help identify, analyze, and overcome problems and challenges faced in society. The results of the study to achieve economic justice through zakat, the BAZNAS institution needs to separate its function as implementer. To achieve economic justice through zakat, BAZNAS needs to separate its functions as implementer. This separation of functions for BAZNAS will also reduce the risk of misuse of zakat funds which can be reduced significantly. Meanwhile, regulations regarding zakat can be more optimally carried out by the Ministry of Religion independently in monitoring and auditing more effectively, thereby reducing the potential for abuse by implementers.
Mosque Islamic Social Enterprises Activities as an Instrument of Inclusion; Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Holle Mohammad H
Published: March 2024

For most countries in the world, including Indonesia, poverty has long been a problem. Poverty alleviation programs are basically focused on alleviating poverty. In order to provide a multiplier impact on society, an Islamic social enterprise financial inclusion approach is needed.The Sabilillah Mosque in Malang City and the Jogokariyan Mosque in Yogyakarta are the areas that are the focus of this research. The experimental information used in the subjective investigation approach is based on field perceptions of events that occurred in the investigation area with a qualitative paradigm.Research findings reveal that two mosques in Indonesia, namely the Jogokariyan and Sabilillah Mosques, in Yogyakarta City and Malang City, East Java, run Islamic social entrepreneurship as an instrument of financial inclusion aimed at alleviating poverty. The method is to maximize the use of zakat, infaq and sadaqah as an impact on changes in people's lives. These two mosques are Islamic social enterprises that help the poor in Indonesia and can become models for other mosques in Indonesia and elsewhere that are adapted to regional conditions and potential.
Fatwa Dsn-Mui No. 77/DSN-MUI/V/2010 on the Sale and Purchase of Gold in Cash in the View of Sharia Economists in South Kalimantan
Authors: Aprilia Nor , Komarudin Parman , Huda Rahmatul , Yanova Muhammad Hendri
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini didasari oleh permasalahan perbedaan pendapat oleh kalangan ulama kontemporer hingga pakar ekonomi syariah terkait hukum transaksi jual beli emas secara tidak tunai di masyarakat, termasuk putusan fatwa DSN MUI yang mana bertentangan dengan pendapat mayoritas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pertama DSN MUI dalam menetapkan Fatwa No. 77/DSN-MUI/V/2010 menggunakan konsep ‘urf, dan maslahah mursalah, berdasarkan telah hilangnya kebiasaan masyarakat dalam menjadikan emas sebagai uang resmi, serta bahwa transaksi ini mengandung maslahat untuk mempermudah masyarakat dalam hal kepemilikan emas. Kedua, dari pandangan ekonom syariah terkait hukum transaksi jual beli emas secara tidak tunai dapat dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu: 1) mutlak boleh, berdasarkan Fatwa DSN MUI, 2) boleh dengan syarat, dibagi dua: a) boleh tidak tunai dari segi pembayaran dan penyerahan barang dengan syarat emas diketahui jelas 4 kriteria, b) boleh tidak tunai dari segi penyerahan saja dengan syarat dapat diserah terimakan secara langsung atau diwakilkan, dan 3) mutlak haram, berdasarkan jelas dan tegasnya hadits yang melarang.
Temporal variability of water chemistry in the Cherkashinskaya well No. 36-RG (Tobolsk district, Tyumen region)
Authors: Aleksandrov A. S. , Beshentsev V. A. , Alzhanova A. S.
Published: March 2024

This article focuses on a temporary change in the chemical composition of water in the Cherkashinskaya well No. 36-RG, which is located in the Tobolsk district near the village of Shestakovo. The impact of underground mineral waters on catchments and watercourses can be caused by the open gushing of orphaned geological exploration wells. This can lead to the disturbance of the hydrochemical regime of neighbouring water systems. Publications on this topic are available not only in Tyumen region, but also throughout the Russian Federation. For example, scientific articles and conference proceedings, such as "Groundwater of the East of Russia" (2018), "Issues of studying surface and groundwater of Siberia" (2021), and the International Conference "Underground Waters 2023", are available. The study highlights the behavior of various components of water composition. The article presents changes in the mineralization of groundwater and identifies the main sources of negative impact on its quality. In 2019, the chemical composition of the water in the containing well underwent a transformation. This article focuses on the changes in the chemical composition of water from the Cherkashinskaya well No. 36-RG and its impact on the surrounding areas.
The use of clay from the Herpegezh deposit for the production of ready-made compositions for the preparation of drilling fluids
Authors: Bosikov I. I. , Mazko A. I. , Safaraleeva Yu. U.
Published: March 2024

The preparation of drilling fluids from ready-made compositions allows you to reduce costs, including by obtaining the drilling mud of the required composition with an optimal consumption of reagents, simplifying technological equipment and reducing requirements for the qualification of maintenance personnel. One of the most common components of drilling fluids are clays, therefore, one of the important tasks is to study clays from various deposits in order to establish the possibility of their use in the production of compositions for the preparation of drilling fluids. The purpose of this study was to establish the chemical and technological characteristics of the clays of the Herpegezh deposit and to develop recommendations for the preparation of finished compositions. Particular attention was paid to the choice of the method of activation of raw materials, ensuring the maximum possible productivity, in particular, the traditional method of activation and mechanical activation in the disintegrator were compared. Also, as a result of the conducted experiments and processing of their results, the dependences of the technological characteristics of the drilling mud prepared from the Herpegezh clays on the mass fraction of the clay substance were established.
A supervised, externally validated machine learning model for artifact and drainage detection in high-resolution intracranial pressure monitoring data
Authors: Huo Shufan , Nelde Alexander , Meisel Christian , Scheibe Franziska , Meisel Andreas , Endres Matthias , Vajkoczy Peter , Wolf Stefan , Willms Jan F. , Boss Jens M. , Keller Emanuela
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

In neurocritical care, data from multiple biosensors are continuously measured, but only sporadically acknowledged by the attending physicians. In contrast, machine learning (ML) tools can analyze large amounts of data continuously, taking advantage of underlying information. However, the performance of such ML-based solutions is limited by different factors, for example, by patient motion, manipulation, or, as in the case of external ventricular drains (EVDs), the drainage of CSF to control intracranial pressure (ICP). The authors aimed to develop an ML-based algorithm that automatically classifies normal signals, artifacts, and drainages in high-resolution ICP monitoring data from EVDs, making the data suitable for real-time artifact removal and for future ML applications.

METHODS

In their 2-center retrospective cohort study, the authors used labeled ICP data from 40 patients in the first neurocritical care unit (University Hospital Zurich) for model development. The authors created 94 descriptive features that were used to train the model. They compared histogram-based gradient boosting with extremely randomized trees after building pipelines with principal component analysis, hyperparameter optimization via grid search, and sequential feature selection. Performance was measured with nested 5-fold cross-validation and multiclass area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Data from 20 patients in a second, independent neurocritical care unit (Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin) were used for external validation with bootstrapping technique and AUROC.

RESULTS

In cross-validation, the best-performing model achieved a mean AUROC of 0.945 (95% CI 0.92–0.969) on the development dataset. On the external validation dataset, the model performed with a mean AUROC of 0.928 (95% CI 0.908–0.946) in 100 bootstrapping validation cycles to classify normal signals, artifacts, and drainages.

CONCLUSIONS

Here, the authors developed a well-performing supervised model with external validation that can detect normal signals, artifacts, and drainages in ICP signals from patients in neurocritical care units. For future analyses, this is a powerful tool to discard artifacts or to detect drainage events in ICP monitoring signals.
Topographical anatomy of the subthalamic region with special interest in the human medial forebrain bundle
Authors: Meszaros Cintia , Kurucz Peter , Baksa Gabor , Alpar Alan , Ganslandt Oliver , Brandner Sebastian , Barany Laszlo
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

The medial forebrain bundle (MFB) is a novel promising deep brain stimulation (DBS) target in severe affective disorders that courses through the subthalamic region according to tractography studies. Its potential therapeutic role arose in connection with the development of hypomania during stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson’s disease, offering an alternative explanation for the occurrence of this side effect. However, until now its course exclusively described by tractography had not yet been confirmed by any anatomical method. The aim of this study was to fill this gap as well as to provide a detailed description of the fiber tracts surrounding the STN to facilitate a better understanding of the background of side effects occurring during STN DBS.

METHODS

Ten human cadaveric brains (20 hemispheres) and 100 healthy subjects (200 hemispheres) from the S500 Release of the Human Connectome Project were involved in this study. Nineteen hemispheres were dissected according to Klingler’s method. One additional hemisphere was prepared for histological examinations to validate the macroscopical results and stained with neurofibril silver impregnation according to Krutsay. The authors also aimed to reconstruct the MFB using tractography and correlated the results with their dissections and histological findings.

RESULTS

The white matter connections coursing through the subthalamic region were successfully dissected. The ansa lenticularis, lenticular fasciculus, thalamic fasciculus, ipsi- and contralateral cerebellar fibers, and medial lemniscus were revealed as closely related fiber tracts to the STN. However, the existence of a distinct fiber bundle corresponding to the MFB described by tractography could not be identified. Using tractography, the authors showed that the depiction of the streamlines representing the MFB was also strongly dependent on the threshold parameters.

CONCLUSIONS

According to this study’s findings, the streamlines of the MFB described by tractography arise from the limitations of the diffusion-weighted MRI fiber tracking method and actually correspond to subthalamic fiber bundles, especially the ansa lenticularis and lenticular fasciculus, which erroneously continue in the anterior limb of the internal capsule, toward the prefrontal cortex.
Clinical evaluation of a stereotactic system for single-stage deep brain stimulation surgery under general anesthesia: technical note
Authors: Scheitler Kristen M. , Rusheen Aaron E. , Yuen Jason , Goyal Abhinav , Hong Sukwoo , Osman Gamaleldin M. , Sharaf Basel , Klassen Bryan T. , Grewal Sanjeet S. , Miller Kai J. , Shin Hojin , Oh Yoonbae , Lee Kendall H.
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Conventional frame-based stereotactic systems have circumferential base frames, often necessitating deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery in two stages: intracranial electrode insertion followed by surgical re-preparation and pulse generator implantation. Some patients do not tolerate awake surgery, underscoring the need for a safe alternative for asleep DBS surgery. A frame-based stereotactic system with a skull-mounted "key" in lieu of a circumferential base frame received US FDA clearance. The authors describe the system’s application for single-stage, asleep DBS surgery in 8 patients at their institution and review its workflow and technical considerations.

METHODS

Eight patients underwent DBS lead insertion and IPG implantation in a single surgical preparation under general anesthesia using the system. Postoperative CT imaging confirmed lead placement.

RESULTS

Eight patients underwent implantation of 15 total leads targeting the ventral intermediate nucleus (4 patients), globus pallidus internus (GPi; 3 patients), and subthalamic nucleus (STN; 1 patient). Intraoperative microelectrode recording was conducted for GPi and STN targets. Postoperative CT imaging revealed a mean ± SD radial error of 1.24 ± 0.45 mm (n = 15 leads), without surgical complications.

CONCLUSIONS

The stereotactic system facilitated safe and effective asleep, single-stage DBS surgery, maintaining traditional lead accuracy standards.
COMPARATIVE IN VITRO BIOAVAILABILITY TESTING FOR DIFFERENT BRANDS OF FLUCONAZOLE UNCOATED TABLETS
Authors: K. Lakshmi  , V. Abishek  , Kumar S. Ankit , A. Devipriya,  , S. Devadharshini  , X. Ashlin
Published: March 2024

Our current study aimed to evaluate and compare the five different brands of Fluconazole tablets that are commercially available in Chennai. The physicochemical equivalence of five brands of Fluconazole tablets was determined through the evaluation of various standard parameters such as weight variation, friability, hardness, disintegration, dissolution rate, and amount of drug present. All the brands were found to be bioequivalent and comply with the official tests for weight variation, friability, disintegration, and dissolution tests. The tested brands showed identical drug release profiles. All the five brands evaluated can be considered as biopharmaceutical and physiochemically equivalent. Therefore, it is safe for the patients to switch over from one brand to another
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION AND ITS ANALYSIS IN TANNERY WASTEWATER USING MOVING BED BIOFILM REACTOR AND ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS
Authors: Banerjee Soham , Bhattacharya Debdeep , Bhunia Kamalendu
Published: March 2024

The Tannery Industry produces a massive amount of toxic effluent which needs to be treated properly. It contains high organic matter, suspended solids, and chromium which in turn can cause environmental problems. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) and Activated Sludge Process (ASP) for treating tannery wastewater. It also highlights the importance of proper wastewater treatment in the tannery industry to mitigate environmental impacts. The batch analysis was conducted to find out removal efficiencies for Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Sulphide (S2-), Ammonia (NH4), Nitrate (NO3). Kaldness K1 bio-media was used with a 50% filling ratio in the laboratory setup of the MBBR and aeration was provided to both setups. The results for the MBBR system showed chromium removal of 95.4% with the obtained reduction of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), sulfide (S2-), and nitrate (NO3) 93.5%, 88.8%, 93.7%, and 97.09%, respectively. It indicates significant removal efficiencies for various pollutants in the tannery wastewater, suggesting the effectiveness of the MBBR system.
ELECTROCATALYSIS OF COBALT DOPED CeO2/rGO NANOCOMPOSITE FOR OXIDATION OF METHANOL AND FORMIC ACID
Authors: Afza Nishath , M. S. Shivakumar  , G. Krishnamurthy  , G. Veeresha  , M. Mylarappa  , R. D. Pruthviraj  , S. Selvanandan
Published: March 2024

In this study,a novel cobalt-doped cerium oxide (CeO2)on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) substrate was successfully prepared through a hydrothermal method.The comprehensive characterization of the synthesized nanocomposite involved X-ray diffraction studies (XRD),Raman spectrum analysis,High Resolution Transmission Electron microscopy (HRTEM), and Field Emission Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM).The effective surface area of CeO2/rGO and Co-CeO2/rGO was determined using the Randles-Sevecik equation,revealing values of 4.02X10-5 cm2 and 6.35X10-5 cm 2 ,respectively.Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) was employed to investigate the electrochemical reversibility behavior, demonstrating promising results for Co-CeO2/rGO nanocomposite.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) further highlighted low charge transfer resistance (Rct) and enhanced double-layer capacitance (Cdl).Notably, the synthesized nanocomposite exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity for methanol and formic acid oxidation in an acidic medium. Overall, this work provides valuable insights into the synthesis characterization, and electrochemical performance of Co-CeO2/rGO nanocomposite, showcasing their potential applications in energy- related processes.
UPLC METHOD DETERMINATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF BELUMOSUDIL AND ITS IMPURITIES IN THE HUMAN PLASMA SAMPLES
Authors: Reddy T. Raja , Namburi L. A. Amarbabu , M. B. Madhusudana
Published: March 2024

This current analysis demonstrates the development of the related substances (RS) method for separating and quantifying BSL and its related substances from plasma using the UPLC technique. The solid phase extraction (SPE) method was employed to extract the belumosudil (BSL) and related impurities from plasma. This SPE method has been shown to have high recovery values for BSL and its related impurities. The method employed a column from Waters, specifically the X-Bridge BEH C18 150x4.6mm, 3.5µm, with a mobile phase flow rate (0.8 mL/min) and a UV-wavelength (250 nm). In this method, BSL and its impurities show good peak shapes and high resolutions. This developed method shows high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision values. While performing the stability studies, the drug was stable and it showed less than 4.53% degradation. Six different concentration solutions (BSL (25-250µg/mL) and impurities (3-18µg/mL)) were prepared for constructing linearity plots. The obtained linearity plot shows the accepted correlation coefficient (R2) value (≥0.999). The Limit of detection (LOD) and Limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined using the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio method. This UPLC method was validated according to ICH guidelines.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE OF LOW-TENORM ZIRCONIUM OXYNITRATE HYDRATE PRODUCTS FROM LOCAL ZIRCON, WEST KALIMANTAN
Authors: E.P. Sari  , H. Poernomo  , A. Taftazani  , R.D. Hutama  , K.T. Basuki  , M. Setyadji  , Samin  , Muzakky
Published: March 2024

Zirconium Oxynitrate Hydrate (ZrO(NO3)2·xH2O) prototype product from Kalimantan zircon sand, or hereafter we mention it as ZON, has been successfully synthesized. The ZrO2 content of 38.62 wt.% in the ZON analysis was higher than that of several commercial products. TENORM (Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material) reduction was obtained from zircon raw materials containing ThO2 and U3O8 of 619.9 and 728.8 ppm, respectively, to become 121.1 and 0 ppm in the ZON. The ZON formation was indicated by the XRD and FTIR characterization.
EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC PROPERTY OF BIOSYNTHESIZED AGNPS USING LEAF METHANOL EXTRACT OF Brugmansia suaveolens
Authors: Santhosh K. H , H. Manjunatha  , Ravindranath B. S , Swapna S. R , M. Deepthi
Published: March 2024

The plant Brugmansia suaveolens (Bercht. & Presl) belongs to the family Solanaceae and is endemic to the Malnad region (Shimoga) of the Western Ghats. Traditionally leaf extract has been applied externally to treat cut wounds, pain-killer swellings, scalds, inflammations, skin rashes, and hemorrhoids. The objective is to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) conjugated Leaf methanol extract of B. suaveolens analyzed and characterized based on multiple (X-ray diffraction (XRD); Scanning electron microscopy (SEM); Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy) analytical methods. After characterization, the analgesic activity of extract bio-synthesized with silver nanoparticles was evaluated and compared with different concentrations of leaf methanol extract alone. Analgesic activity was examined by writhing and tail-flick testing. Reduction in the writhing and tail withdrawal time after administration of 250 mg/kg b.w./d of leaf methanol extract bio-synthesized with silver nanoparticle is more significant than 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg b.w./d extracts alone and is slightly less significant when compared to the standard drug. This has proved that the bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles may have played a fundamental role as drug delivery vehicles to target tissues more conveniently and efficiently compared to nascent extract.
THE EFFECT OF COMPARATIVE CONCENTRATIONS OF POLYBADGE AS A CARRIER ON THE POLYMER INCLUSION MEMBRANE METHOD OF PHENOL TRANSPORT
Authors: A.A. Kiswandono  , A. Rahmawati  , F.M. Rafi  , N.P. Dewi  , P. Ferdias  , H.E. Putra  , Rinawati
Published: March 2024

Since it may rehabilitate phenol without creating secondary waste, the liquid membrane Polymer Inclusion Membrane (PIM) technique has recently been the focus of several investigations. This study employed the PIM approach to phenol transport utilizing the carrier Poly-Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether (Poly-BADGE) at 1:1 and 3:1 polyeugenol to BADGE ratios. Numerous phenol transport parameters were investigated, including the impact of pH on the phenol source phase, the concentration on the sodium hydroxide receiving phase, membrane thickness, and the time of the phenol transport process using the PIM technology. Dissolving the carrier, polyvinyl chloride, and dibenzyl ether in tetrahydrofuran solvent produced an elastic and porous PIM. UV-Vis Spectrophotometer was then used, along with the addition of a 4-amino antipyrine reagent, to ascertain the phenol content following transport. The wavelength at which absorbance was measured was 460 nm. The findings from the research suggest that, given optimal conditions such as a source phase 5.5 pH, a receiving phase concentration of 0.10 M sodium hydroxide, a membrane thickness of T54 type PIM membrane, and a transport time of 24 hours phenol can be effectively transported using PIM with Poly-BADGE carriers at ratios of 1:1 and 3:1, achieving transport efficiencies of 57.31% and 85.30%, respectively. The BADGE was examined using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) before and after transport.
Responses of different growing media ratios growth performance of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under greenhouse conditions
Authors: PONTSHO TSEKE , CLEMENT MULAUDZI , YVONNE MAILA , MABOKO MPHOSI
Published: March 2024

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) vegetables are an important constituent of the diet of rural communities worldwide. It is a suitable substitute for several indigenous leafy vegetables, as it has more or less the same texture after cooking. Consequently, growers tend to grow spinach in any soil type or mixture available to them without modifying it, leading to reduced growth performance and yields. The use of animal manure is common in South Africa and helps to improve soil fertility when used in the correct ratio mixture. Therefore, the study’s objective was to investigate which of the growing media mixture (GMM) ratios of sand, Hutton soil, and goat manure would improve the growth and yield of S. oleracea under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with 10 replicates (n=60). Six treatments comprised of different types of GMM namely, sand, Hutton soil, and goat manure at T1 (1:3:0 -control), T2 (1:2:1), T3 (1:1:1), T4 (1:1:2), T5 (2:1:2) and T6 (2:3:2), respectively. Growing media mixture had significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect on plant height (PH), number of leaves (NL), chlorophyll content (CC) and root length (RL) of S. oleracea, contributing 78, 62, 76 and 54% of the total treatment variation (TTV) in the respective variables. Relative to the control (T1), treatment T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 increased PH by 22.75 cm, 24.03 cm, 27.92 cm, 22.84 cm and 24.35 cm, respectively. Similarly, the NL in all the treatments T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 was increased by 10.90, 11.70, 11.90, 11.70 and 11.60, respectively, compared to T1. A related trend was observed in the CC, treatments T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6, increased the CC by 14.99, 15.08, 26.45, 21.38 and 15.83, respectively when compared to T1. The GMM treatment T4 obtained the highest 27.92, 11.9, 26.45 and 42.38 in PH, NL, CC and RL. In conclusion, GMM T4 had a positive effect on the growth and yield of S. oleraceae, and it is recommended for use to grow the vegetable crop.
Effect of crop pattern and types of manure on the growth of Sappan wood (Caesalpinia Sappan L.) in Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: ROSNIAWATY SANTI , PRASASTA FARHAN PUTRA , ARIYANTI MIRA , ANJARSARI INTAN RATNA DEWI , SOLEH MOCHAMAD ARIEF , MUBAROK SYARIFUL , SUDIRJA RIJA
Published: March 2024

Sappan wood plants are one of the medicinal plants in Indonesia. Considering the potential of Sappan wood plants in the health and industrial sectors, special cultivation techniques are required to ensure that Sappan wood plants can grow with a large stem diameter. A large stem diameter can be achieved by using the appropriate planting distance. The right planting distance requires land with sufficient organic content. This research aims to determine the optimum planting distance and the appropriate type of organic material to produce Sappan wood plants with a large diameter. The experimental design used was a Split Plot Design, with planting distance (J) as the main plot and organic fertilizer (P) as the sub-plot. The planting distance factor levels were J1 = 1m x 1m, J2 = 2mx2m cm, J3 = 3m x3m. The organic fertilizer factor levels were P1 = Cow Manure Fertilizer, P2 = Chicken Manure Fertilizer, and P3 = Sheep Manure Fertilizer. The results showed an interaction between the planting distance treatment and the use of manure fertilizer on the parameters of stem diameter and soil pH of Sappan wood plants at 3 MAP (months after planting). The planting distance treatment independently influenced the results, with a 1m x 1m planting distance providing the best results for plant height and stem diameter. In general, the application of different types of manure did not significantly affect the growth of Sappan wood plants.
Impact of saline water irrigation on the growth and development of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) seedlings
Authors: THAI N. Q. T. , TRAN T. H. D. , TRAN D. H.
Published: March 2024

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), a perennial fruit and oil crop, holds significant economic importance globally. Its inherent high salt tolerance has led to natural adaptation in coastal environmental areas. Nevertheless, the substantial and prolonged intrusion of salinity poses a severe threat to the growth and productivity of coconut in various regions of Vietnam. Thus, the objectives of this study were to determine the effect of saline water on the growth and biomass of coconut seedlings named Dua Ta variety under green house condition. The experiment was carried out from July 2022 to July 2023 in a greenhouse condition at Research Institute for Oil and Oil Plants, Vietnam with five increasing levels of water salinity, or EC of 0.89, 6.25, 12.0, 18.25 and 24.5 dS/m. Various growth parameters and biomass of the coconut seedlings were investigated. The results showed that the salinity of irrigated water had a negative effect on the growth and biomass of coconut seeldings. Increasing salinity of irrigated water delined the plant height, collar girth, leaf number and biomass of the coconut seedlings. The seedling of Dua Ta coconut was classified as tolerant when irrigated with saline water of 6.25 dS/m, moderately sensitive with saline water of 12.0 dS/m up to 18.25 dS/m and sensitive with saline water of 24.5 dS/m. As result, it is showing evidence of ecological adaptation of the seedlings of Dua Ta to the maritime environment in which are commonly grown in Vietnam.
Evaluation of the growth, flower quality, yield and vase life of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) cultivars under open ventilated saw-tooth type polyhouse
Authors: MAITRA SAGAR , SAIRAM MASINA , SANTOSH D. T.
Published: March 2024

Cultivation of crops under protected conditions can enhance the yield and quality of agricultural produce. Gerbera is one of the high-value cut flowers which can be commercially cultivated under greenhouse conditions in tropical and subtropical regions. The choice of commercially viable cultivars is essential for obtaining its marketability. Moreover, cultivars of gerbera should be highly productive. Considering the above facts, the present study was conducted in 2020-2022 in the Protected Cultivation Unit of the Centurion University of Technology and Management where 10 cultivars were chosen as treatments. They were Intense, White house, Stanza, Dune, Dana-ellen, Artist, Sunway, Silvester, Pre-intenzz and Ankur. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. The data collected on the growth parameters, quality, yield, and vase life revealed that among all the cultivars of gerbera, Dana-ellen showed its superiority over others in terms of plant height and number of leaves (49.3 cm and 31.0 at 120 days after sowing respectively), days to first flowering (84.3), flower stalk length (64.8 cm), flower stalk girth (67.2 cm), ray floret length (8.7 mm) and suckers per plant (3.4); however, it remained on par with Dune, Intense, and Silvester in expression of most of the crop parameters. Similarly, the same variety Dana-ellen registered the highest yields (27.3, 33.7 and 34.7 flowers per plant during first, second and third years of the study respectively) among all the cultivars. Moreover, the variety Dune recorded the maximum vase life of 8.4 days and 9.2 days with citric acid and sucrose solutions, respectively. The study concluded that the cultivation of Dana-ellen, Dune, Silvester, and Artist under open-ventilated saw-tooth polyhouse conditions can be commercially viable for achieving higher flower quality and yield.
Effect of axillary bud number on stem cuttings of sweet potato cv. 'Blesbok' productivity using sack gardening technology
Authors: R. MOITSI L. , SHADUNG K. G. , MAILA M. Y.
Published: March 2024

Increasing urbanisation and the rise in global food prices, which results in severe hunger and micronutrient deficiencies, necessitates the identification of innovative, but affordable vegetable growing-based strategies, that can increase access to food by utilising the limited space available in rural and urban areas. Therefore, sack gardening technology could be a solution to both the lack of arable land and water scarcity in urban and rural areas. The objective of the study was to determine whether axillary bud number will have an effect on the agronomic parameters of sweet potato cv. 'Blesbok' produced using the sack gardening technology. The number of axillary buds per stem cutting, namely, 1 (control), 2, 3, 4, and 5 buds, were arranged in RCBD, with 10 replicates. The number of axillary buds had significant effects on vine length (VL), fresh shoot mass (FSM), number of shoots (NOS) and dry shoot mass (DSM). However, no significant effects were observed on fresh tuberous root mass (FTRM), chlorophyll content (CC), stem diameter (ST), tuberous root diameter (TRL), tuberous root length (TRL), dry tuberous root mass (DTRM) and number of tuberous roots (NTR). Relative to the control VL, FSM and DRM was reduced by 8-37, 30-55 and 26-55%, in stem cuttings having 2, 3, 4 and 5 buds, respectively, whereas the NS was increased by 8-17%. The quadratic relationship models were explained by 95, 92, 96 and 98% in VL, NOS, FSM and DSM, respectively. In conclusion, stem cuttings containing 1 and 2 axillary buds showed better growth parameters when grown under sack gardening technology.
Host-status of sixteen crops used in potato-based crop rotation systems against Meloidogyne javanica in South Africa
Authors: MATHEBULA N. , POFU K. M. , MASHELA P. W.
Published: March 2024

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne species) are the most important group of plant nematodes in potato-producing regions of South Africa. Prior to the withdrawal of synthetic chemical fumigant nematicides from the agrochemical markets, Meloidogyne species were viewed as a minor pest in potato-producing regions. Currently, it has been established that all potato cultivars are host to Meloidogyne species, with the preferred management option of the genus being the use of resistant crops. However, the host status of most crops used in potato-based crop rotations intended to manage nematode population densities of the genus had not been established. Globally, M. incognita is viewed as being more aggressive than M. javanica, whereas in South Africa the opposite is true. Therefore, the objective of the study was to determine whether the reproduction potential (RP) values of M. javanica on 16 crops used in potato crop rotation systems would be below unity. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions at the University of Limpopo during autumn (February-April) 2022 and validated in spring (September-November) of the same year in South Africa. Treatments (16 crops) were laid out in a randomized complete block design, with six replications. The crops were inoculated with 250 eggs + second-stage juveniles (J2). At 56 days after inoculation, nematodes variables were collected and expressed as RP, which demonstrated that there were similarities and differences in RP of the 16 crops to infection by M. javanica, but with the values being below one in white maluti oats, tillage radish, forage sorghum, and jap radish. In conclusion, the four crops with RP values below one could be used in a potato-crop rotation system intended to manage the population densities of M. javanica.
¿Cómo aprendieron los niños? Una respuesta desde el constructivismo social subyacente del contexto histórico y sociocultural actual
Authors: Redondo Salas Danni Dexi , Puentes Rozo Pedro Julio , Brito Carrillo Clara Judith
Published: March 2024

En el presente artículo, se pretende analizar el aprendizaje de los niños en la primera infancia, a partir de los principios que rigen la teoría constructivista social propuesta por Lev Vygotsky, dentro del contexto histórico y sociocultural actual; además, teniendo en cuenta los impactos de la pandemia por COVID-19. La metodología se basó en la revisión documental y en la hermenéutica dialéctica e interpretativa de distintas investigaciones e informes de organismos internacionales que muestran información relevante sobre la temática. Entre los principales hallazgos, se evidenció que el proceso de aprendizaje en los niños deja vacíos y falencias que deben subsanarse prospectivamente, porque el factor fundamental para que ellos adquirieran conocimiento, destrezas, habilidad y otras conductas se basa principalmente en las interacciones sociales, así como en el desarrollo cognitivo y afectivo, el cual fue interrumpido por causa de la pandemia. Entre las conclusiones, se resalta el reto de asumir la nivelación de los niños y la preparación que debe existir para enfrentar este tipo de eventualidades.
Reducing Cycle Time in the Manufacturing Process of Circular Pattern Interpolar Products (CPIP) Using Special Fixtures on a 3-Axis CNC Machine
Authors: Sonjaya Muhammad Luthfi , Massaguni Massriyady , Amaluddin Muh. Nurul Haq
Published: March 2024

This research focuses on the design of fixture aids to support the manufacturing process of Circular Pattern Interpolation Products (CPIP), such as disk brake components, flanges, turbine disk runners, and other plate components with circular feeding patterns in the 3-Axis CNC machining process. The objective of this study is to achieve more efficient CPIP production times on 3-Axis CNC machines. The research methodology employed a design and build approach, involving the design of fixture aids, fabrication, and testing during the production of turbine disk runners on a 3-Axis CNC machine. This was done by comparing the initial workpiece setup time and the workpiece clamping transfer time using CPIP production aids versus not using CPIP production aids. The results showed that the designed CPIP Fixture significantly reduced the CPIP manufacturing Cycle Time, with a reduction of 63.11% in the initial workpiece setup time and 83.55% during the clamping transfer process.
Knowledge Level of Dry Skin Care in The Elderly at The Koto Tangah Regional Health Center
Authors: Kursiussamawati Fuji Lestari , Primawati Irma , Sriwahyuni Sriwahyuni
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The occurrence of dry skin in the elderly requires good and extra skin care. The incidence and severity of dry skin increases with age. Dry skin conditions in the elderly can cause discomfort and can even cause disease, such as atopic dermatitis which is a disease caused by inflammation of the skin. This research aims to determine the level of knowledge of dry skin care in the elderly at the Koto Tangah Health Center in the city of Padang. Methods. This research was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study was selected by technique consecutive sampling and this research requires a minimum of 100 samples. Results. The knowledge level of dry skin care of the respondents is mostly in the medium category  (62%), the age of the majority of respondents was in the age category of 60-70 years (65%), the sex of the majority of respondents was male (53%), most respondents had primary school education (56%), worked as laborer (26%), and live with their families (83%). Conclusion. The level of knowledge of nursing for most of the elderly dry skin is in the medium category.
Smart Traffic Management Using Transfer Learning Approach for Improve Urban Mobility
Authors: Gohil Jenil , Chauhan Yuvraj , Nimavat Dhaval
Published: March 2024

The increase in congestion on traffic lanes is a major problem hindering the development of an urban city. The reason for this is the increasing number of vehicles on roads leading to large time delays on traffic intersections. To overcome this problem and to make traffic control systems dynamic, several methods and techniques have been introduced throughout the years. The static traffic control systems worked on fixed timings which were allocated to each traffic lane and were not able to be altered. Also, there was no provision for counting and detection of pedestrians on the zebra crossings as well as the detection of emergency vehicles in traffic. We will explore several machine learning and deep learning models for the detection of vehicles and pedestrians in this review article, evaluate their viability in terms of cost, dependability, accuracy, and efficiency, and add some new features to improve the performance of the current system.
Exploration and Diseases Identification of the Leaf Spots on Palm Oil in Tapanuli Tengah Regency
Authors: Raudha Anggraini Tarigan  , Sinta Nauli Marbun  , Abdul Rahman
Published: March 2024

Penyakit bercak daun adalah penyakit yang banyak ditemukan pada pembibitan kelapa sawit khusunya di Main-Nursery. Penelitan ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis jamur penyebab penyakit bercak daun dan tingkat serangannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan mengambil sampel bibit secara acak.   Sampel ini diambil di 4 lokasi yakni di Kecamatan Maduamas, Maduamas Lama, Sirandorung, dan Kolang. Sampel diambil kemudian diisolasi dan diidentfikasi. Hasil penelitian menujukkan tiga jamur penyebab penyakit bercak daun yaitu, Curvularia sp, pestalotiopsis, dan Fusarium. Hasil penelitian intensitas serangan penyakit tertinggi yaitu di Lokasi Manduamas Curvularia sp dengan intensitas penyakit 54%.
La lucha de los trabajadores electricistas en el cine: los casos de La boquilla (1978) y La otra historia. La Tendencia Democrática (2006)
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Vidal Bonifaz Rosario
Published: March 2024

Hasta donde ha podido indagarse, los primeros testimonios fílmicos sobre la Tendencia Democrática (TD) de los Trabajadores Electricistas fueron filmados en formato Súper 8 entre 1971 y 1972 por la Cooperativa de Cine Marginal, especie de movimiento fílmico encabezado por Paco Ignacio Taibo II, Enrique Escalona, Víctor Sanén, Eduardo Carrasco Zanini, Gabriel Retes y Guadalupe Ferrer, entre otros, la mayoría de ellos militantes o simpatizantes del Movimiento Estudiantil-Popular que cimbró a México en 1968. El movimiento de la TD prosiguió en años posteriores y a esos ejemplos pioneros se sumaron los abordados de manera pormenorizada en el siguiente texto: el cortometraje La boquilla, realizado en 1978 y en 16mm por Alejandra Islas, y el derivado de los materiales filmados por Julio Pliego en torno a 1975, mismos que posteriormente fueron integrados en el documental La otra historia. La Tendencia Democrática, montado en 2006, ambos ejemplos de un cine que intentó estar a la altura, y al lado, de la lucha de los electricistas disidentes.
Las Fuentes simbólicas de la desigualdad política
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios en Antropología Social, García Navarro Laura
Published: March 2024

Los enfoques economicistas que han predominado en los estudios sobre pobreza y desigualdad no permiten comprender los efectos de estos problemas en las capacidades políticas de los sujetos, ni el papel que desempeña el poder político en el mantenimiento de un orden social desigual. El presente trabajo tiene como objeto ahondar en la relación entre pobreza y desigualdad política a partir de la revisión histórica de tres periodos del siglo XX en México. El análisis mostró que la persistencia de la desigualdad en México durante el siglo XX se debió en gran medida al papel que desempeñaron las élites en la formación y reproducción de representaciones sobre el pobre que legitimaban la diferencia y negaban sus capacidades políticas. Esto a su vez ha derivado en la dificultad de las personas pobres para organizarse y ha perpetuado relaciones basadas en el tutelaje y el clientelismo que profundizan la desigualdad política.
Racialization on incels.is: Racial Status and Status Threat
Authors: Cunningham Rogers Alanna
Published: March 2024

This project examined the historic-racial schema articulated by involuntarily celibate male members of the online forum incels.is. Based in a content analysis of images and comments from incels.is, it drew on a broad framework informed by double-consciousness, historic-racial and corporeal schemas, hegemonic and hybrid masculinities, and realistic and symbolic threat. This research documented what assumptions shape said schemas, how incels operationalized racial status and status threat, and how racialized and non-racialized incels incorporated those ideas into their corporeal schemas. It found that processes of racialization on the forum were articulated in a manner consistent with the warped ‘handing back’ of racialized identities described by Fanon and Du Bois. Racialization was akin to a process of objectification and racialized incels interpellated limiting core self-evaluations, while non-racialized incels drew on hybridized masculinities to distance themselves from privilege yet sought to entrench it. 

Author’s Note: Content warning for discussions of sexual assault and violence against women, dehumanizing language directed against racialized minorities.
#sponsored on Instagram: Analyzing Influencers’ Content With Luxury Fashion Brands
Authors: den Houdyker Tiahn
Published: March 2024

This major research project highlights the fashionable ideal carried by macro influencers and luxury fashion brands relations to diversity and inclusion through a methodological approach of visual and textual content analysis. Researchers have examined issues surrounding inclusivity in print media, but little research exists regarding social media and its presentation of the normative ideal through influencer marketing. This project aims to explore ten top Instagram influencers accounts to analyze the content they create and present to audiences on Instagram through a cultural lens. The findings from the analysis resulted in insights into areas surrounding visual discourse that frame the notion of a normative fashionable look on Instagram. This initial research project will offer insights into areas for brands in the future to work to dismantle and expand their visual representation.