bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hacia una nueva Gobernanza: Poderes Públicos y Tercer Sector. Una relación necesaria pero inexistente
Authors: Romero Tarín Adela , Gómez Verónica
Published: November 2016

Estos últimos años, la sociedad capitalista ha entrado en una profunda recesión. El Estado y los ciudadanos se encuentran cada vez más alejados entre sí, y los partidos tradicionales no cumplen su función de representatividad de las necesidades de los ciudadanos. Europa se encuentra inmersa en una crisis económica, pero también en una crisis de valores. Las balanzas entre el desarrollo económico y el social no están equilibradas (Massé, 1964), y la reinvención de un nuevo modelo de Estado, es ya es una necesidad. Fruto de los procesos de globalización, el papel del Estado y la participación ciudadana se han ido marginando y subordinando cada vez más a los dictámenes del mercado. Esta ponencia tiene el propósito de analizar un nuevo concepto de Gobernanza en base a las relaciones entre Estado, mercado, Tercer Sector, y ciudadanía con el objetivo de esclarecer cuál es la mejor manera de dar respuesta a las necesidades sociales. Se hace hincapié en los conceptos de diálogo y participación ya que estos muestran la relación entre el Estado, el mercado y la ciudadanía, a través de una eficaz y eficiente orientación e intervención del Estado en su forma de gobernar (Canales, 2002).
Space-Time Characterization of Rainfall Field in Tuscany
Authors: Mazza Alessandro
Published: November 2016

Precipitation during 2001-2016 over the northern and central part of Tuscany was studied in order to characterize the rainfall regime. The dataset consisted of hourly cumulative rainfall series recorded by a network of 801 rain gauges. The territory was divided into 30x30 km square areas, the annual, seasonal and daily Average Cumulative Rainfall (ACR) in all areas was estimated along with its uncertainty. The trend analysis of ACR time series was performed by means of the Mann-Kendall test. Four climatic zones were identified: the north-western was the rainiest, followed by the north-eastern, north-central and south-central. An overall increase in precipitation was identified, more intense in the north-west, and determined mostly by the increase in winter precipitation. On the entire territory, the ACR, number of rainy days, mean precipitation intensity and sum of daily ACR in four intensity groups were evaluated at annual and seasonal scale. The main result was a magnitude of the ACR trend evaluated as 35 mm/year, due mainly to an increase in light and extreme precipitations. This result is in contrast with the decreasing rainfall detected in the past decades.
Reshuffling the Risk Factors of Severe Early Childhood Caries
Authors: Kabil Noha , Eltaweil Sherif
Published: November 2016

Severe early childhood caries remains the most common chronic disease affecting children. .Its multifactorial etiology lead to the controversy about which risk factors were more significant to its development. Therefore our study aimed through meticulous statistical analysis to arrange the “well agreed upon” common risk factors in order of significance to aid the clinician in tailoring an adequate preventive program for this affected age group. The study concluded that the risk factors contributing to severe early childhood caries in order of their significance were Night feeding, On demand feeding, Mother’s Employment, Mother’s caries Experience, Starting age of brushing, Mother’s education, Sharing utensils, Child’s first dental visit, Number of siblings, Brushing frequency, Sweetened food and beverage consumption, Sweetened beverages, and at last the snacking frequency.
Proposta de um sistema de gestão de entregas estratégicas para a indústria de óleo e gás: abordagem integrada BSC e AHP
Authors: Maggessi Karolina Muniz Freire , Sacramento Karina Thiebaut , Rodriguez Martius Vicente Rodriguez y , Filho José Rodrigues de Farias
Published: November 2016

Objetivo: Chamar a atenção para o desafio de gerenciar um portfólio de entregas contratuais de tubos flexíveis, considerando a complexidade do fornecimento e a necessidade de rapidez na tomada de decisão em um mercado competitivo e em constante mudança, onde os gestores têm que lidar com uma quantidade enorme de informações. A gestão do fornecimento de tubos flexíveis é uma questão multifacetada, cujos componentes podem apresentar prioridades gerenciais distintas e até mutuamente inconsistentes. Método: O artigo apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica do Balanced Scorecard (BSC) para desdobramento e implantação da estratégia corporativa, da aplicação do Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) para análise multicritério e do uso combinado de ambas as metodologias, BSC e AHP, para suporte ao processo de tomada de decisão, além de um estudo de caso com o desenvolvimento de um sistema de gestão de entregas estratégicas (SGEE) para indústria de óleo e gás no Brasil. Resultados: O SGEE de tubos flexíveis provê uma sistemática de gestão estruturada, objetiva, balanceada e flexível o suficiente para atender às necessidades corporativas internas e externas com a agilidade necessária. Pode ser adotado por qualquer organização para suporte à tomada de decisão em problemas complexos. Limitações e implicações do estudo: O SGEE atendeu à necessidade da organização para a qual foi desenvolvido. Entretanto, para que possa ser aprimorado e utilizado como uma boa prática de gestão de entregas contratuais de tubos flexíveis deve ser implantado em outras organizações que fornecem este tipo de produto no mercado brasileiro e internacional. Implicações práticas: Este artigo propõe um sistema de gestão que pode ser implantado em qualquer organização que forneça tubos flexíveis para suporte ao processo de tomada de decisão com foco na estratégia organizacional. Originalidade: Propõe-se um novo sistema de gestão que aplica uma abordagem combinada das metodologias BSC e AHP para análise de desempenho e suporte ao processo de tomada de decisão alinhada à estratégia corporativa, desenvolvido para atender a uma demanda real de negócio.
Quality of life of Persons with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Oommen Esther , CP Mathew
Published: November 2016

Quality of life is considered as the extent to which a person appreciates the essential potential outcomes of his/her life. Potential outcomes result from the open doors and confinements every individual has in his/her life and mirror the cooperation of individual and ecological components. The main aim of this study was to understand the quality of life among the people with diabetes mellitus. The sampling technique used for this study was purposive sampling. WHOQOL- BREF questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life. It was assessed through four domains like physical, psychological, social and environment. Through results it was found that high percentage of study population had low quality of life in all four domains. The researcher also assessed the management of the illness in the people diagnosed with the diabetes mellitus. A self -structured questionnaire was used for this purpose. The results showed that the study population manage their illness through various measures like diet restrictions, follow ups with the doctor, maintained optimal blood sugar, treatment adherence and involve in exercise.
Economic and Socio impact of SHG on the beneficiaries
Authors: K. A Anumol
Published: November 2016

Empowerment has multiple meaning and Centre different agencies define this differently from time to time to suit their purpose so its definition varies with time and in context. Empowerment is not essentially political alone; it is a process having personal, economic, social and political dimensions with personal empowerment being the core of the empowerment process. Intact, Political Empowerment will not succeed in the absents of economic empowerment. The scheme of micro  financing through SHG’s create empowerment promoting conditions for women to move from positions marginalization within household decision making process and exclusion within community to one of greater centrality , inclusion of voice.

                        Integration of women development and their empowerment are indiscernible for the development of any country. Empowerment is a process that addresses all sources and structures of power the process has to work individually and collective level. Individually poor women cannot overcome powerlessness. They can do it only collectively hence, the women have to be organized and have to acknowledge as a political force. It involves equal participation in decision making, control over resources and mechanism for sustaining this gain. Organizing women through the formation of SHG’s desire special attention.

                   The SHG is an important mechanism for empowering women. Organizing poor women into groups not only expand options available to them for their development but also provide them with opportunities to develop their confidence and skills to improve their status and to bring about a change in the attitude of the society towards women. The performance and evolvement of the group are based on many factors including the composition of the group wrap of financing participation of members in productive activities. Any study on these performances of SHG’s without considering the economic aspects of members will reveled only half the story. In this context an attempt is made to analyze the diversified activities of the members. For these purpose data were collected directly from the selected SHG’s from different wards in the kalady gramapanchayath.
Respon Pemberian Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) pada Pakan Ayam Petelur terhadap Penampilan Produksi dan Kualitas Telur
Authors: Satria Edi Wahyu , Sjofjan Osfar , Djunaidi Irfan Hadji
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Moringa leaf meal (Moringa oleifera) in feed on production performance and egg quality of laying hens. The materials used 120 laying hens of Isa Brown breed in 38 to 42 weeks age. The method used an experimental trial by Moringa oleifera addition in the basal feed. The experiment were devided into four groups i.e. without Moringa oleifera as control (P0), with Moringa oleifera 0.5% (P1), 1% (P2), 1.5% (P3) and 2% (P4). Variables observed were the appearance of egg production and quality. The data was analyzed by Completely Randomized one way design. The mean differences were calculated by the Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results showed that administration of Moringa leaf powder can increase the production and quality of eggs in laying hens. Addition of 2% Moringa leaf powder in the feed gives the best effect on the appearance and quality of production and egg. This research suggested the addition of 2% Moringa leaf powder was recommended in order to obtain the finest appearance and quality of production.
PENGEMBANGAN LAMPU BAWAH AIR SEBAGAI ALAT BANTU PADA BAGAN TANCAP DI DESA TAMBAK LEKOK KECAMATAN LEKOK PASURUAN
Authors: Fuad F , Sukandar S , Jauhari Alfan
Published: November 2016

DEVELOPMENT OF UNDER WATER LAMP AS A TOOL TO LIFT NET IN TAMBAK LEKOK VILLAGE PASURUAN

Bagan is one type of fishing gear that uses light to collect fish. The lights are expected to stimulate the fish to come and stay around the light and than arrested with net. The use of light for fishing is growing rapidly, almost all fishing gear to use light as a tool for collecting fish. Application of this technology aims to increase fish catch fishermen in District Lekok through the application of technology underwater lamp with LED. Underwater lamp applied to the bagan tancap with a certain intensity and color to find the intensity of light and color that give the best catches. Best catches in the light of 450 lux is capable of delivering the highest total catch of 254 kg, it is supported by the values of illumination of 1.5 lux at a distance of 5 m. Types of fish that were caught on as much as 23 step chart types where the type of Stolephorus spp, Selaroides spp, Leiognathus spp, Loligo sp, Rastrelliger spp is a type of fish that always caught each fishing operation.

 

Keywords: auxilary, development, lamp, Lekok, lift net

 

ABSTRAK

 

Bagan merupakan salah satu jenis alat tangkap yang menggunakan lampu sebagai alat bantu pengunpul ikan. Cahaya lampu diharapkan dapat merangsang ikan untuk datang dan berkumpul disekitar sumber cahaya sampai pada suatu catchable area tertentu, lalu penangkapan dilakukan dengan alat jaring maupun pancing. Penggunaan lampu untuk penangkapan ikan saat ini berkembang pesat, hampir semua alat tangkap menggunakan lampu sebagai alat bantu pengumpul ikan. Aplikasi teknologi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil tangkapan ikan nelayan bagan tancap di Kecamatan Lekok melalui penerapan teknologi lampu celup bawah air berbasis lampu LED. Lampu celup bawah air diterapkan pada bagan tancap dengan intensitas dan warna tertentu untuk mencari intensitas cahaya dan warna yang memberikan hasil tangkapan yang terbaik. Hasil tangkapan ikan yang terbanyak adalah pada lampu 450 lux yang mampu memberikan total tangkapan terbanyak 254 kg, hal ini didukung dengan nilai nilai illuminasi sebesar 1,5 lux pada jarak 5 m. Jenis ikan yang tertangkap pada bagan tancap sebanyak 23 jenis dimana jenis ikan teri (Stolephorus spp), ikan selar (Selaroides spp), ikan pepetek (Leiognathus spp ), cumi – cumi (Loligo sp), ikan kembung (Rastrelliger spp) merupakan jenis ikan yang selalu tertangkap disetiap operasi penangkapan.

 

Kata kunci: alat bantu, bagan tancap, lampu, Lekok, pengembangan
ANALISA KOMPONEN HAMBATAN KAPAL IKAN TRADISIONAL DI PERAIRAN CILACAP
Authors: Samuel S
Published: November 2016

RESISTANCE COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL FISHING BOAT IN CILACAP

Monohull fishing boats used to catch fish is modified into a catamaran boat. The purpose of this modification is to get more fish. Catamaran ship has a double hull, but with the double hull ships resulted in increasingly complex resistances. It is interesting to study in depth about the resistance components of Catamaran boat. Resistance Components not only consist of surge resistance, frictional resistance, and the form resistance but with the distance between demihull causing interference waves. There are many research results of Catamaran boat in that aspect, but the data and information obtained from the experiment is still inadequate. In addition, there is still lack of accuracy particularly in predicting interference resistance component in calm water (calm-water resistance) as a result of the distance between the demihull. This study aims to describe the resistance component at Catamaran boat by using slender body method.

 

Keywords: catamaran, Cilacap, slender body method

 

ABSTRAK

 

Kapal ikan monohull yang biasa digunakan untuk mencari ikan dimodifikasi menjadi kapal catamaran. Tujuan modifikasi ini untuk mendapatkan muatan ikan yang lebih banyak. Kapal Catamaran mempunyai dua lambung, tetapi dengan adanya dua lambung mengakibatkan hambatan kapal semakin kompleks. Menarik untuk dikaji lebih lanjut tentang komponen hambatan kapal Catamaran. Komponen hambatan tidak hanya terdiri dari hambatan gelombang, hambatan gesek, dan hambatan bentuk namun dengan adanya jarak antar demihull sehingga menimbulkan interferensi gelombang. Sudah banyak dijumpai hasil riset kapal Catamaran pada aspek tersebut, tetapi data dan informasi yang diperoleh dari eksperimen masih kurang memadai. Disamping itu, masih ditemukan ketidak-akurasian khususnya dalam memprediksi interferensi komponen hambatan pada air tenang (calm-water resistance) akibat dari adanya jarak antar demihull tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan komponen hambatan pada kapal Catamaran dengan menggunakan slender body method.

 

Kata kunci: catamaran, Cilacap, slender body method
A Petrophysical Dual-Porosity Model for Evaluation of Secondary Mineralization and Tortuosity in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Piedrahita Jaime , Aguilera Roberto
Published: November 2016

Quantification of secondary mineralization or cementation within natural fractures has not been considered in previous petrophysical dual-porosity models. This is, however, of paramount importance because morphology of the fractures indicates that they can be open or partially or completely mineralized.

If cementation with secondary minerals is complete, the recovery of hydrocarbons will be generally very small because hydrocarbons will not have any way to move from matrix to natural fracture and then to the wellbore. However, if secondary mineralization is partial, production rates and recoveries could be quite significant because the secondary minerals would play the role of natural proppant agents helping to maintain the fractures open as the reservoir is depleted. If the fractures are initially open, production rates and recoveries could be large or small depending on the relative orientation of the natural fractures with respect to in-situ stresses.

These observations lead to the key objective of this paper: to develop an analytical dual-porosity model using resistance networks for quantifying petrophysical fracture parameters such as degree of cementation (β), formation factor (F), dual-porosity exponent (m), and tortuosity (τ) for different degrees of mineralization (cementation) within the fractures. The method further allows estimating matrix and fracture porosities and fracture compressibility on the basis of the amount of secondary mineralization.

Use of the new dual-porosity model is explained with two core data sets drawn from tight gas formations in the United States and Canada. A comparison is made with results of current dual-porosity models that do not take into account secondary mineralization within the natural fractures and tortuosity.

The conclusion is reached that the proposed dual-porosity model provides a valuable new quantitative tool for petrophysical and reservoir-engineering evaluations of naturally fractured reservoirs. This is illustrated with two numerical examples that show determination of original petroleum in place and recovery. One example is volumetric, and the other one is based on the material-balance calculations.
Atenica: In search of lost pyre
Authors: Babić Staša , Kuzmanović Zorica
Published: November 2016

Symbolic and cult practices of a community undoubtedly play an important role in the formation of funerary contexts. On the other hand, in the absence of written records on these practices, archaeologists are inclined to base their interpretations upon generalized and simplified ideas on “primitive cults”, such as “solar cult”. In this line of inference, technical aspects of the record are neglected in order to obtain the preconceived symbolic “messages”. Among the princely graves of the Central Balkans, the mounds in Atenica near Čačak have long represented the only example of this type of funeral investigated in the course of systematic archaeological excavations; therefore, numerous researchers have devoted special attention to the construction of these tumuli and the possibilities of interpretation of the rites performed there. In this respect, special significance is assigned to the so-called “ritual area” of the mound II – three rectangular areas bordered by rows of pebbles, with conical pits filled by dark earth, fragments of pottery and burnt bones. The interpretations have ranged from the ideas about cremated human sacrifice, over a replica of a sanctuary, to the complex symbolic of solar cult, expressed in numeric regularities. On the other hand, since the buried individuals are cremated, the areas defined as funerary pyres have been identified in both mounds – relatively small crescent-shaped areas of pebbles with traces of burning. Practical incongruence stemming from this interpretation has remained unexplored, in the effort to link the complex ritual of cremation to the symbolic ideas perceived as appropriate for the cultural context of the Atenica burials – human sacrifice, solar cult. In the circular line of argument, more or less implicitly, these ideas have been applied as the starting premises for the wider interpretation of the cult practices of the community whose exceptional members were buried under the mounds near Čačak.
“Ritual” and “Structured”discard in archaeological interpretations: Case study of water supply system at the site “Kale” in Krševica
Authors: Vranić Ivan
Published: November 2016

The issues of cult, ritual, religion, and magic are important though to a large extent neglected and theoretically insufficiently developed subjects in the current archaeological literature. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate, on particular examples of potentially ritual activities associated to the erection and subsequent “ritual killing” of the water supply system at the site “Kale” in the village Krševica, that this neglect is not merely the consequence of trends in choices of research topics, but that it further points to certain disadvantages of current approaches based upon the archaeology of identity and the concepts of structured or symbolic deposition.
Mala Kopašnica – Sase graves: narrative of continuity
Authors: Cvjetičanin Tatjana
Published: November 2016

The graves with cremated burials labelled as Mala Kopašnica – Sase type, supposedly covering more than 70% of registered burials in Moesia Superior, are considered to be an autochthonous form, associated to pre-Roman population, characteristic for the Moesian-Dacian region from 1st to 3rd centuries, rarely spanning to the beginning of 4th century. The general similarity of burial form and relative homogeneity of grave goods are taken as arguments in the interpretation of the key concept of continuity of the prehistoric practices, but as well of unchanged burial practices and continuity of funerary customs lasting at least two centuries of the Roman domination, its cultural superiority, and visible transformation of local identities as a result of systemic and standardized Romanization, and finally, of identification of the autochthonous population of Moesia Superior as actors of this practice. The paper discusses the necropolis Gomilice near Guberevac, the only systematically investigated one in the area of Roman imperial mines at Kosmaj, with domineering burial type of Mala Kopašnica – Sase, as the starting point in reconsidering the current interpretation of this type of burial.
Use of Five Nitrogen Source and Placement Systems for Improved Nitrogen Management of Irrigated Corn
Authors: Shapiro Charles , Attia Ahmed , Ulloa Santiago , Mainz Michael
Published: November 2016

Core Ideas

Slow‐release fertilizers improve the synchronization of N release and crop needs.

Applying N source in a band conserves N for greater corn yield and N uptake.

Chlorophyll readings and stalk NO3–N are useful tools for improving corn N management.

Improved N management for corn (Zea mays L.) production is necessary to maintain N in the root zone for greater yield and N uptake. Three field experiments were conducted in Nebraska on Thurman loamy sand at Concord in 2008, on Alcester silty clay loam at Haskell Agricultural Laboratory (HAL) in Concord in 2009, and on Hord silt loam at Pierce in 2009. Treatments included four N rates (56, 112, 168, and 224 kg N ha−1) and five N‐source–placement systems. The five N systems were broadcast polymer‐coated urea (PCU), broadcast urea–NH4NO3 (UAN), a broadcast 7:3 mixture of UAN and Nitamin–Nfusion (NF), band UAN, and band NF. Each trial included a zero‐N control. Only Concord had significant precipitation within 21 d after fertilizer application (141 mm). Results indicated that use of broadcast PCU and band NF had slight but N‐conserving effects as measured by plant indicators. Band NF had 3% greater SPAD reading and 47% greater stalk NO3–N compared with broadcast UAN across sites. Corn fertilized with broadcast PCU produced 4 to 13% (0.5–1.8 Mg ha−1) greater grain yield and 7% greater grain and plant‐N uptake at Concord and HAL compared with broadcast UAN. Band NF increased grain yield by 4% (0.6 Mg ha−1) at Concord and Pierce and plant‐N uptake by 7% at Concord compared with broadcast UAN. The use of slow‐release fertilizers is a risk reduction strategy when weather is conductive to N losses; otherwise, they performed similarly to UAN.
KOŚCIÓŁ W POLSCE PRZYGOTOWUJE ŚWIATOWE DNI MŁODZIEŻY
Authors: Muskus Damian
Published: November 2016

Światowe Dni Młodzieży, które odbędą się w 2016 roku w Krakowie są nie tylko wyzwaniem logistycznym, ale przede wszystkim szansą na duchowe przebudzenie Kościoła w Polsce i wyzwaniem duszpasterskim, które powinno zjednoczyć wszystkich: biskupów, księży, katechetów, wspólnoty parafialne i młodzieżowe, ewangelizacyjne i modlitewne w całej Polsce. Światowe Dni Młodzieży nie są bowiem zwykłym wydarzeniem, ale drogą, którą zapoczątkował w 1984 roku święty papież Jan Paweł II i zaproponował młodym jako pielgrzymkę przez miasta i kontynenty. Włączając się w nią, młodzi ludzie nie tylko siebie przemieniają, ale przez żywe i autentyczne świadectwo wiary przyczyniać się do przemiany Kościołów lokalnych, które stają się jej etapami. Programem duchowych przygotowań do ŚDM stają się dla Kościoła w Polsce Błogosławieństwa, zaproponowane do rozważenia przez papieża Franciszka. Światowe Dni Młodzieży w 2016 i okres przygotowań do tego wydarzenia to wielkie rekolekcje dla całej Polski. Oczekiwanym owocem międzynarodowego spotkania młodych w Polsce jest nowy dynamizm ewangelizacyjny.
DOBRO I ROZWÓJ CZŁOWIEKA IDEĄ ŚWIATOWYCH DNI MŁODZIEŻY
Authors: Spałek Adam
Published: November 2016

Jednym z pozytywnych aspektów Światowych Dni Młodzieży jest ich oddziaływanie wychowawcze. Wspierają one integralny rozwój i ukierunkowują młodzież na dobro. Są odpowiedzią na potrzeby młodych ludzi, odsłaniając przed uczestnikami możliwy do osiągnięcia ideał życia z Bogiem. Stanowią też pomoc w odkrywaniu sensu  egzystencjalnego. Światowe Dni Młodzieży stanowią dobrą okazję do kształtowania moralności ludzkiej i religijnej, w sposób bardziej atrakcyjny dla młodych niż poprzez zakazy i nakazy. Takie potraktowanie młodzieży – jej sytuacji, problemów i możliwości wraz z wezwaniem do podjęcia działania, stanowi zachętę do rozwoju osobowego w poczuciu odpowiedzialności za siebie, innych ludzi i otaczający świat.
MAGIS 2016 – JEZUICKA PROPOZYCJA FORMACJI MŁODZIEŻY UCZESTNICZĄCEJ W ŚWIATOWYCH DNIACH MŁODZIEŻY
Authors: Frejusz Kamilla
Published: November 2016

Artykuł przedstawia jezuicką propozycję formacji ludzi młodych przybywających na Światowe Dni Młodzieży. MAGIS 2016 to wynik refleksji Towarzystwa Jezusowego nad tym, jak wykorzystać okazję Światowych Dni Młodzieży do bycia z ludźmi młodymi i jednocześnie przygotować ich do udziału w nich. MAGIS 2016 jest organizowany przez Jezuitów, w ich polskich prowincjach, wraz z innymi zgromadzeniami zakonnymi żyjącymi duchowością ignacjańską oraz grupami świeckich i prowincjami jezuickimi w Europie. Jest on koordynowany przez grupę jezuitów, wolontariuszy oraz grupy świeckich pracujących w różnych częściach Polski. Mottem programu jest zdanie z modlitwy o hojność św. Ignacego: „dawać, a nie liczyć”. Podczas MAGIS 2016, proponowane eksperymenty są wyzwaniem do dzielenia się, świętowania, udziału oraz do zaangażowania się i przemiany.
SYMULACJA ZGODY MAŁŻEŃSKIEJ JAKO PRZYCZYNA NIEWAŻNOŚCI ZAWARCIA MAŁŻEŃSTWA BĘDĄCEGO FUNDAMENTEM RODZINY
Authors: SUCHTA Grzegorz
Published: November 2016

Rodzina jest podstawową komórką społeczeństwa. Fundamentem, z którego wyrasta każda rodzina, jest małżeństwo, zawierane dobrowolnie przez kobietę i mężczyznę. Stanowi ono podstawową i nierozerwalną wspólnotę na całe ży- cie. Celem związku małżeńskiego jest dobro małżonków i zrodzenie potomstwa. Małżeństwo ze swej istoty jest z ustanowienia Bożego i przez nikogo na ziemi nie może ulec rozłączeniu. Jednak w świetle prawa kanonicznego niekiedy rozpatruje się sytuację problemową dotyczącą ważności zawartego sakramentu małżeństwa. W chwili zawierania związku małżeńskiego, który powstaje w wyniku wypo- wiedzenia zgody małżeńskiej, możemy spotykać się z faktem braku zgodności słów z wewnętrznym przekonaniem osoby zawierającej sakrament. Występująca wówczas symulacja zgody małżeńskiej nazywana jest również fikcją, fałszer- stwem, kłamstwem. Powstaje w wyniku braku właściwej zgody, kiedy ma miejsce symulacja całkowita lub jest jej niewłaściwym rozumieniem i ma miejsce wtedy symulacja częściowa.Życie pokazuje, że to, co zewnętrznie osoba czyni, nie zawsze ma potwierdzenie w jej wnętrzu. Ta niezgodność tego, co się czuje, i co wyraża się na zewnątrz, jest wyrazem braku autentyczności, dowodem niedojrzałości osób zawierających sakra- ment małżeństwa. Taka niekonsekwencja myśli i słów jest powodem cierpienia dla bliskich, rodziny i samych nupturientów. Ma miejsce wtedy zawarcie pozorowanego małżeństwa, które w świetle prawa kanonicznego nigdy ważnie nie zaistniało. Celem niniejszego artykułu będzie przybliżenie niepokojącego zjawiska, jakim jest symulacja zgody małżeńskiej mająca wpływ na ważność małżeństwa, ale także ukazanie skutków posługiwania się kłamstwem, które będzie prowadziło do destrukcji małżeństwa, a w konsekwencji destrukcji samej rodziny.
KOMPETENCJE WYCHOWAWCZE BIAŁOSTOCKICH RODZICÓW
Authors: DAKOWICZ Lidia , HALICKA Małgorzata , SKRECZKO Adam
Published: November 2016

Prezentowany artykuł przedstawia zagadnienie kompetencji wychowawczych rodziców w kontekście posiadanej przez nich wiedzy na temat wychowania. Analizie poddano także umiejętności wychowawcze rodziców dotyczące preferowanych sposobów wychowania, stosowanych przez nich metod wychowania oraz sposo- bów rozwiązywania konfliktów z dziećmi. Zaprezentowany materiał jest oparty na badaniach przeprowadzonych w 2013 roku wśród 1109 rodziców dzieci w wieku 0-19 lat. Zastosowano losowy dobór próby, który uwzględniał probantów spośród wszystkich szczebli systemu oświatowego: żłobków, przedszkoli, szkół podstawo- wych, gimnazjalnych i ponadgimnazjalnych w Białymstoku. Jako metodę badania wykorzystano sondaż diagnostyczny, natomiast narzędzie badawcze stanowił kwestionariusz ankiety. Wyniki badań pokazały, że ponad połowa badanych ro- dziców ma adekwatną świadomość na temat wychowania, a także posiada wysokie umiejętności wychowawcze.
„NASZ DOM JUŻ NIE JEST TAKI SAM” – POCZUCIE OSAMOTNIENIA W RODZINIE OSIEROCONEJ
Authors: SZYMANOWSKA Joanna
Published: November 2016

Przedmiotem podjętych badań było osamotnienie w rodzinie spowodowane śmiercią rodzica/małżonka wskutek długotrwałej choroby. Badaniami jakościowymi objęto 10 rodzin (6 matek, 4 ojców, 15 dzieci) za- mieszkujących w mieście Białystok, będących w okresie żałoby od dwóch lat. Wykorzystano metodę indywidualnego przypadku oraz techniki badawcze: wywiad skategoryzowany i wywiad narracyjny.
O doświadczeniu powinności i języku wartości moralnych Romana Ingardena
Authors: Waleszczyński Andrzej
Published: November 2016

Roman Ingarden, opisując rzeczywistość moralną, posługiwał się językiem wartości. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia opis wartości moralnych i analizę terminologii stosowanej do ich charakterystyki i wyjaśniania sposobu ich istnienia. Istotne znaczenie dla teorii wartości moralnych ma doświadczenie powinności i problematyka normatywności. Zbadanie obu zagadnień prowadzi do pytań o sposób powstawania nowych klas wartości moralnych i rozpoznawania powinności do ich realizacji. Przeprowadzone badania pokazują także trudności związane ze stosowaniem języka wartości w komunikacji zagadnień moralnych.
FRANCISZKA SAWICKIEGO KRYTYKA IDEOLOGII RASISTOWSKIEJ
Authors: BABIŃSKI JAROSŁAW
Published: November 2016

Temat rasizmu, zwłaszcza w wydaniu hitlerowskim, jest współcześnie zagad- nieniem wciąż bolesnym i wywołującym emocje. Tak było też w międzywojniu, kiedy świat z niedowierzaniem obserwował poczynania totalitarno-rasistowskiego systemu w Niemczech. Wielu intelektualistów zdecydowanie przeciwstawiło się tej ideologii. należał do nich pelpliński myśliciel – ks. Franciszek Sawicki. Kry- tykę rasizmu uczynił jednym z zasadniczych tematów swych publikacji w okresie międzywojnia.Postawa Sawickiego o tyle była istotną, że – będąc z racji swego pomorskiego pochodzenia obywatelem dwóch kultur: niemieckiej i polskiej – cieszył się wiel- kim naukowym autorytetem w obu obszarach językowych, w których tworzył. Nieprzejednana postawa Sawickiego wobec rasistowskiej ideologii spowodowała liczne szykany wobec jego osoby i szykany ze strony nazistów, czego najbardziej spektakularnym przykładem stało się niepoduszczenie do jego nominacji na bi- skupa gdańskiego.Sawicki, poddając krytyce hitlerowską ideologię rasy, wskazywał przede wszystkim na jej sprzeczność z chrześcijaństwem, głoszącym niezbywalność praw i godność każdej osoby ludzkiej. Tym samym wskazywał na wrogość hitleryzmu wobec chrześcijaństwa. Nazistowscy ideologowie dążyli do stworzenia nowej, ger- mańskiej religii, opartej na starogermańskich mitach, której „produktem finalnym” miał być czysty rasowo nowy, niemiecki człowiek – Übermensch.Sawicki jasno obnaża filozoficzną słabość podstaw ideologii nazizmu, zwracając również uwagę na błędność założeń. Wykazuje, że z punktu widzenia nauki nie istnieje rasa aryjska, lecz tylko ludy aryjskie, które bynajmniej nie tworzą jednej rasy. Nie można zawężać sposobu eksplikowania się człowieka przez tworzoną przez niego kulturę z pojęciem rasy. Współczesna nauka nie jest w stanie wykazać jednoznacznego związku przejawiania określonych cech psychicznych z faktem przynależności od określonej rasy.Samo pojęcie jest niejasne, a przyjmowane kryteria nie pozwalają jednoznacz- nie wykreślić granic między określonymi typami ludzkimi, charakteryzowanymi przez teorie rasowe. Rasa nie może więc być czynnikiem będącym podstawą jakichkolwiek segregacji ludzi. Idee takie sprzeciwiają się chrześcijańskiej nauce o równowartości i równouprawnieniu wszystkich ludzi.Sawicki wykazuje niemożność pogodzenia rasizmu, zwłaszcza odnosząc się do politycznej ideologii narodowego socjalizmu z chrześcijaństwem. U samych swych ideowych podstaw obie doktryny diametralnie się różnią. Chrześcijaństwo ujmuje człowieka uniwersalistycznie, w perspektywie eschatologicznej, wypełnienie się jego historii i ostateczne osiągniecie życiowych celów upatruje w wieczności. Nazizm jest typową ideologią mesjanistyczną, zapowiadający możliwość osiąg- nięcia pełni szczęścia przez człowieka już tu, na ziemi, które jest zarezerwowane dla ekskluzywnej grupy nadludzi poprzez eksterminację mniej wartościowych z racji przynależności rasowej.
Efficacy, Safety and Immunogenicity of Biosimilars in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Martelli Laura , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent
Published: November 2016

Background: Anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) monoclonal antibodies have
revolutionized the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, because of
their complexity, their production is expensive contributing to their high price. As the patent
protection of these therapies has expired in several countries, biosimilars have been developed
to reduce the healthcare costs. The aim of this article is to review the literature on the
safety, efficacy and immunogenicity of biosimilars in IBD.

Methods: A PubMed literature search was performed using the following terms until May
2016: ‘biosimilars’, ‘CT-P13’, ‘infliximab’, ‘Crohn’s disease’, ‘ulcerative colitis’, ‘inflammatory
bowel diseases’, ‘efficacy’, ‘safety’, ‘immunogenicity’. Additionally, abstracts from international
meetings were also reviewed.

Results: A total of eleven studies in IBD patients provided real-world evidence on the efficacy,
safety and immunogenicity profile of biosimilars in IBD patients. Based on the available
evidence, CT-P13 is efficacious and well tolerated in IBD patients in a real-life setting.
The vast majority of studies only included IBD patients who had never received biological
therapies. Information regarding the interchangeability between CT-P13 and its originator is
currently being investigated in the NOR-SWITCH trial. Otherwise, the immunogenicity profile
of CT-P13 seems to be similar to the originator.

Conclusion: The infliximab biosimilar seems to be efficacious, safe and with a similar immunogenicity
profile as the originator in IBD. Large prospective post-marketing studies are
needed to assess the long-term safety profile of CT-P13. The use of infliximab biosimilars
may lead to major healthcare cost savings.
Stimuli-Responsive Capsule Membranes for Controlled Release in Pharmaceutical Applications
Authors: Liu Zhuang , Ju Xiao-Jie , Wang Wei , Xie Rui , Jiang Lu , Chen Qianming , Zhang Yan-Qiong , Wu Jiang-Feng , Chu Liang-Yin
Published: November 2016

Background:

In conventional drug delivery, the drug concentration in the blood raises once the drug
taken, and then peaks and declines. Since each drug has a level above which it is toxic and another level below
which it is ineffective, the drug concentration in a patient at a particular time depends on compliance with the
prescribed routine.

Methods:

To achieve more effective efficacy and fewer side effects of drugs, the drug carriers with desirable
dosing and controllable release property of drugs are highly desired. Stimuli-responsive capsules with smart gating
membranes or hydrogel-based membranes as capsule shells are ideal candidates. The smart capsule membranes
enable efficient encapsulation of drugs within the large inner volume, and the responsive gating membranes
or hydrogel-based membranes could control the release rate of encapsulated drugs in responding to environmental
stimuli. The trigger stimuli could be either artificial or natural ones corresponding to specific diseases,
such as temperature, pH, glucose concentration, specific ion, light, and magnetic field.

Results:

This review highlights the recent development in stimuli-responsive capsule membranes for controlled
release in pharmaceutical applications, including two types of stimuli-responsive capsule membranes with different
architectures for on/off release and burst release, which can achieve potential uses of case-dependent on/off
release and burst release.

Conclusion:

The preponderances of the smart capsule membranes are that the capsules are with controllable inner
space for drug vehicles with desired dose and stimuli-responsive membrane as shell to release drugs at a desired
site and/or moment. However, the actual difficulties for the stimuli-responsive capsule membrane systems to go
before they can be applied widely in the biomedical fields are discussed. The future works should focus on the
improvements of biocompatibility, biodegradability and stimuli-responsiveness of the capsule membranes, easy
and scalable fabrication techniques with further decrease of the capsule size for more efficient in vivo applications,
and the diversification of the multi-compartmental capsule architectures with multi-stimuli-responsive
characteristics for controlled release.
Transferrin-Conjugated Nanocarriers as Active-Targeted Drug Delivery Platforms for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Nogueira-Librelotto Daniele R. , Codevilla Cristiane F. , Farooqi Ammad , Rolim Clarice M. B.
Published: November 2016

A lot of effort has been devoted to achieving active targeting for cancer therapy in order to reach the
right cells. Hence, increasingly it is being realized that active-targeted nanocarriers notably reduce off-target
effects, mainly because of targeted localization in tumors and active cellular uptake. In this context, by taking
advantage of the overexpression of transferrin receptors on the surface of tumor cells, transferrin-conjugated
nanodevices have been designed, in hope that the biomarker grafting would help to maximize the therapeutic
benefit and to minimize the side effects. Notably, active targeting nanoparticles have shown improved therapeutic
performances in different tumor models as compared to their passive targeting counterparts. In this review, current
development of nano-based devices conjugated with transferrin for active tumor-targeting drug delivery are
highlighted and discussed. The main objective of this review is to provide a summary of the vast types of nanomaterials
that have been used to deliver different chemotherapeutics into tumor cells, and to ultimately evaluate
the progression on the strategies for cancer therapy in view of the future research.
An Evidence-Based Review on Medicinal Value of Clays in Traditional Persian Medicine
Authors: Hosseinkhani Ayda , Montaseri Hashem , Hosamo Ammar , Zarshenas Mohammad Mehdi
Published: November 2016

The use of earths and clays for medical purposes dates back to antiquity.
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in researches on traditional
remedies in the hope of discovering new drug. Iran is an ancient country with a
medical backbone acquired from the experiences of ancient Persian scholars, who
had made a great contribution to the development of the medical sciences. Many
medical and pharmaceutical books by early Persian scientists still exist and may have
the potential of leading researchers to new drug discoveries. Owing to the emergence
of new and antimicrobial-resistant infections, present-day medicine has recently
begun focusing on medicinal earths and clays especially as mineral antimicrobials.
The current study is, therefore, aimed at gathering information regarding medicinal
clays in traditional Persian medicine (TPM). Five main Persian materia medica with
the key word ‘tin’ (clay) and current databases such as PubMed, Scopus,
ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were searched by key words ‘white, green, red,
maroon, violet, black, grey and pink clays’ and ‘pharmacological effects’. Twenty
three clays were found in Persian manuscripts. Although their mineralogical
compositions are unknown, different pharmacological properties have been attributed
to these mineral medicaments. Clay’s properties were widely used in medieval times
for the treatment of infections to poisoning. They were also used in compound
formulations, possibly for their pharmaceutical formulation modifying effects.
Modern scientific proofs have also been found in many of the medicinal clays
reported in Persian manuscripts. Although many of the reported clays are still
unknown, their characterization may lead to new medicinal developments. Novel
analytical methods available today make it possible to elucidate the chemical
compositions of these minerals as parameters responsible for their medicinal effects.
On Methane Leaks from Pipelines in Bryan and College Station, Texas, USA
Authors: Koch Kristen , Thomas Shelby , Arana Elora , Roest Geoff , Schade Gunnar W.
Published: November 2016

Methane is the second most important anthropogenically emitted greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Anthropogenic methane sources in the US are dominated by emissions from domestic ruminants and from fossil fuel exploration, storage and transmission. The fossil fuel source is primarily due to natural gas leaks along the production to distribution chain, and pipeline leaks in urban areas have been identified as a significant contributor. In this study, we evaluated possible leaks in three neighborhoods of a midsize Texas metropolitan region surrounding Texas A&M University through mobile measurements using a fast response, high precision methane analyzer. Neighborhoods were selected by age and land use, and each predetermined driving route was evaluated three times. Methane spikes exceeding 2.5 ppm were identified as leaks, and approximately one leak per mile of urban road was discovered. The largest leaks were found around the Texas A&M natural gas plant and in the oldest neighborhood to its north, while fewer leaks were found in a slightly younger neighborhood. No leaks were found in the youngest, less than 20-year old neighborhood suggesting that pipeline system age is a strong determinant of current and future leaks from the natural gas distribution system.
Experimental Study on Properties of Steel-plastic Geogrids and their Application in Supporting Engineering
Authors: Wang Qingbiao , Lü Rongshan , Kong Yingchun , Tang Lingyu , Xie Fei , Kong Qingli , Zhang Junjie , Shao Tangsha , Zhu Qingkai , Xu Shuyi , Hu Zhongjing , Bai Yun , Liang Xunmei , Lu Shide
Published: November 2016

Steel-plastic geogrid greatly improves the stability of surrounding rock in the supporting project due to the qualities, such as high strength, high toughness and less creep deformation. Through the geogrid mechanical properties analysis, tensile strength, deformation and creep test and field experiment and so on, we researched and analyzed steel-plastic geogrids’ characteristics and supporting effect, and concluded the influencing factors of steel-plastic geogrids’ characteristics, load-time curve and the steel-plastic geogrids’ variation under different temperature. We explained steel-plastic geogrids’ supporting effect through specific examples of projects. The results of the studies are listed as follows: (1) Steel-plastic geogrid has good resistance to deformation and node failure of roadway surrounding rock deformation, which has good tensile property, creep property and deflection performance; (2) It is feasible to support the surrounding rock by forming a whole combined joint support with steel- plastic geogrid and high-strength prestressed anchor rod.
Coaches Use of Team Timeouts in Handball: A Mixed Method Analysis
Authors: Halldorsson Vidar
Published: November 2016

Coaches play a multifunctional key role in high-performance team sports. One of the coaches’ responsibilities, in some sports, is to use team timeouts effectively. The sport science literature has however only given limited attention to the use of timeouts – this is especially the case in handball. This is somewhat surprising since timeouts can be used as a strategic intervention in the dynamic interplay on the field. This study examines why coaches’ use team timeouts in handball and the efficiency of those timeouts. The study is built on a mixed method analysis; a) on interviews with six experienced handball coaches and; b) statistical analysis on all team timeouts during the 2014 Men´s European Handball Championship. The former method was used to establish hypotheses of why coaches use timeouts and the latter to test those hypotheses statistically. The findings from the interviews suggest that there are several reasons why coaches use timeouts in handball, most importantly to stop a negative flow in the game. Other reasons where to emphasize or change play strategy, to rest players, to slow the game down or to try to secure a goal. The statistical findings show support to the coaches’ criteria of when they use timeouts. The results further showed that timeouts are efficient in stopping a negative flow in the game, but failed to show a significant relationship of the timeout leading to a goal in the following attack. Further research is needed to address various questions that arise from this study.