bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toric Lenticule Implantation for Correction of Traumatic Hyperopia and Astigmatism
Authors: Yu Lanhui , Cheng Chiwen , Chen Lu , Gu Xuejun , Liu Shengtao
Published: January 2022

PURPOSE:

To describe the preliminary corrective results of treating hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism with toric lenticule implantation.

METHODS:

A 23-year-old man presented with corneal scars and aphakia in the right eye. Manifest refraction was +10.00 −1.25 × 165° and plano in the right and left eyes, respectively. Owing to the patient's rigid gas permeable contact lens intolerance and other factors, an allogenic toric lenticule from a donor eye with a refractive power of −8.50 −1.25 × 5° was implanted. The lenticule (refraction = +9.75 −1.25 × 95°) was transferred onto the exposed stromal bed of the recipient's eye and aligned to the marking axis (refraction = +9.75 −1.25 × 165°). The correction index was calculated using the online Alpins Statistical System for Ophthalmic Refractive Surgery Techniques vector calculator.

RESULTS:

At 6 months postoperatively, refraction of the right eye was +3.00 −0.25 × 160°. Anterior corneal surface curvature and astigmatism changed from 42.90 diopters, 2.30 @ 48.00 to 49.10 diopters, 1.50 @ 90.00. Optical coherence tomography showed smooth attachment of the lenticule to the stromal layer with visible boundaries.

CONCLUSIONS:

Toric lenticule implantation was beneficial in treating traumatic hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism. Further studies are required to assess the effectiveness of this technique.

[
Journal of Refractive Surgery Case Reports
. 2022;2(1):e1–e5.]
The duality method for mean field games systems
Authors: Boccardo Lucio , Orsina Luigi
Published: January 2022

In this paper we prove, using a duality method, existence of solutions for the nonlinear elliptic mean field games type system

   \begin{document}$ \left\{ \begin{array}{cl} -{\mathop{{{\rm{div}}}}}(M(x)\,{\nabla} u) + u - {\mathop{{{\rm{div}}}}}(u\,A(x)\,{\nabla}\psi) = f(x) & {\rm{in \; \Omega ,}}\\ -{\mathop{{{\rm{div}}}}}(M(x)\,{\nabla}\psi) + \psi + A(x)\,{\nabla}\psi \cdot {\nabla} \psi = u^{p-1} & {\rm{in \; \Omega ,}} \\ u = 0 = \psi & {\rm{on \; \partial\Omega ,}} \end{array} \right. $\end{document}

under different assumptions on \begin{document}$ p > 1 $\end{document}, and the function \begin{document}$ f(x) $\end{document} in Lebesgue spaces.
Étude qualitative des High Rising Terminals à Dublin : protocole PAC-Prosodie et positionnements énonciatifs
Authors: Bongiorno Julia
Published: January 2022

Cet article propose une présentation du protocole PAC-Prosodie et une démonstration d’application de ce dernier dans le cadre des études sur les positionnements énonciatifs d’un point de vue suprasegmental. Nous proposons ici une étude qualitative sur les High Rising Terminals (HRT) dans le sud de Dublin en Irlande. Les HRT sont des montées stylistiques que l’on retrouve à la fin des énoncés déclaratifs et qui peuvent véhiculer des messages différents selon les locuteurs et prendre des formes phonétiques variées selon les variétés dans lesquelles on les retrouve. Dans cet article, nous détaillons l’intérêt des différentes tâches du protocole pour les études sur la prosodie des variétés d’anglais, et nous mettons en évidence l’importance d’un continuum dans le caractère écologique des données recueillies afin d’étudier au plus près les différentes fonctions pragmatiques de l’intonation. Après avoir présenté le programme PAC (Phonologie de l’Anglais Contemporain) et avoir exposé la méthodologie, les avantages, et les objectifs et intérêts du protocole PAC-Prosodie, nous proposons un résumé général des études sur les HRT dans différentes variétés d’anglais avant de nous focaliser sur le sud de Dublin. Nous démontrons dans cet article que le contexte de parole est hautement déterminant dans la fréquence des HRT dans le sud de Dublin, et que l’on retrouve davantage ces montées dans les tâches de parole les moins contrôlées. Nous démontrons également que les montées HRT sont différentes des montées que l’on retrouve dans les énoncés interrogatifs prototypiques dans le sud de la capitale irlandaise. Les montées HRT sont plus tardives, plus abruptes, et terminent plus haut dans la tessiture des locuteurs que les interrogatives. Enfin, de manière globale, nous montrons comment l’utilisation d’un protocole tel que le PAC-Prosodie peut être d’un grand intérêt dans les travaux sur les positionnements énonciatifs dans la prosodie des variétés d’anglais.
The Cajun Renaissance and Cajun English. The Social, the Linguistic, the Imaginary
Authors: Glain Olivier
Published: January 2022

Cet article porte sur l’anglais cadien et la Renaissance cadienne, un mouvement socioculturel né dans les années 1960. Pendant longtemps, être cadien ne pouvait se définir que par le fait d’être exclusivement francophone ou bilingue français-anglais (Dubois et Horvath 2001). Néanmoins, une maîtrise du français du type de celle des locuteurs natifs a presque disparu en Louisiane au cours du xxe siècle et l’anglais cadien est à présent une variété d’anglais à part entière, à forte dimension identitaire (Dubois et Horvath 2000, 2008). L’un des enjeux de la Renaissance cadienne est donc de déterminer dans quelle mesure le français (de Louisiane) a joué un rôle dans l’émergence de cette variété. Après avoir brossé un bref historique de la situation linguistique en Louisiane, je propose une description du français de Louisiane et de l’anglais cadien pour déterminer dans quelle mesure le français en général, et le français de Louisiane en particulier, ont contribué à façonner l’anglais cadien. Cette description s’appuie sur des travaux précédents et sur l’analyse segmentale et suprasegmentale de plusieurs enregistrements, dont ceux du Cajun English Corpus (Carmichael 2013). Je défends l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’identité cadienne se manifeste linguistiquement par l’intermédiaire de la posture énonciative adoptée par les locuteurs de l’anglais cadien, que ce soit à travers les effets d’une dimension accumulative de la posture à long terme (Du Bois 2007), ou à travers la projection momentanée d’une identité cadienne se traduisant par l’adoption d’une posture énonciative spécifique et la prise en compte d’un co-énonciateur. La pratique populaire de Louisiane qui consiste à raconter des blagues de Boudreaux et Thibodeaux constitue un exemple particulièrement intéressant de l’adoption d’une posture énonciative spécifique, et le Cajun English Corpus comporte des enregistrements de cette sorte. Enfin, cet article propose une réflexion sur l’anglais cadien et l’identité cadienne en s’appuyant sur la façon dont les locuteurs se définissent eux-mêmes : la collectivité cadienne correspond aux critères qui définissent une communauté idéologique, dont la variété d’anglais a progressivement émergé à partir d’interactions complexes au sein de l’imaginaire linguistique des locuteurs (Houdebine 1982), et sous l’influence de leur imaginaire social (Castoriadis 1975).
Préparer l’entrée à l’école ? Analyse d’une pratique de transition œuvrant à la frontière entre l’école et les familles au sein d’un établissement scolaire du canton de Fribourg
Authors: Fahrni Laurent , Ogay Tania
Published: January 2022

Cet article présente l’analyse d’une pratique de transition, un atelier de préparation à l’entrée à l’école, proposé aux parents quelques semaines avant l’entrée à l’école de jeunes enfants d’un établissement scolaire péri-urbain du canton de Fribourg, en Suisse. Ce moment est particulièrement critique puisqu’il s’agit de la première rencontre entre les familles et l’école, lors de laquelle se cristallisent les attentes réciproques, notamment en termes de préparation à l’école. Malgré de bonnes intentions, cette mesure entreprise pour faciliter l’entrée à l’école semble manquer sa cible, voire même se révéler contre-productive. Les implicites et les non-dits entourant ce moment charnière font partie des facteurs explicatifs de ce constat. Nous formulons des pistes réflexives pour de futures éditions mais aussi, plus généralement, pour favoriser une collaboration plus égalitaire entre les familles et l’école.
« Devenir inverseur ». Trajectoire de participation d’une enseignante à un tweetchat animé par le collectif Inversons la classe !
Authors: Mas Sylvie
Published: January 2022

Autour de 2006, s’élabore la pratique dite de la « classe inversée ». Cette pratique bénéficie aujourd’hui d’un certain engouement. En France, la création en 2014 du collectif Inversons la classe ! dévolu à la formation en témoigne. Dans cet article, nous nous interrogerons sur le développement professionnel des enseignants dans le contexte des réseaux sociaux numériques en observant les discussions d’un chat mis en place par ce collectif. Si le phénomène des communautés en ligne et l’intérêt de la recherche pour le développement professionnel dans ces espaces n’est pas nouveau, il se renouvelle avec l’essor du web social et de ses usages par les enseignants et collectifs d’enseignants. Constituées de traces d’activité issues des réseaux sociaux numériques et d’un entretien, nos données permettent de décrire une trajectoire individuelle de participation au regard des indicateurs de développement professionnel retenus. Nos résultats indiquent que les changements de pratique déclarés ne se sont pas construits socialement au cours des discussions avec les autres participants. Nous observons davantage un engagement progressif dans un processus de négociation identitaire qui permet à l’enseignante de trouver peu à peu une reconnaissance parmi les « inverseurs », notamment grâce à la relation construite avec une figure centrale du collectif.
Innovation and Entrepreneurship During Economic Crises
Authors: Pereira Elisabeth T.
Published: January 2022

The main goals of this chapter are to present an overview of the relevance of innovation and entrepreneurship in modern economies and analyze the importance of these two concepts in modern economies during economic and financial crises, as a relevant way to perform economies to prevent and to overcome crises, in an evolutionary perspective. The understanding of different frameworks of innovation, with a particular emphasis on the effects of innovation and entrepreneurship supported by governmental incentives, is studied through an integrated framework of innovation to overcome economic crises in long business cycles over time. The present chapter bases its analysis on a wide literature review and analysis of case studies that will show the importance of innovation and entrepreneurship during crises and to overcoming crises.
Training Company Self-Organization
Authors: Abramek Edyta
Published: January 2022

Autopoiesis is identified in the chapter with the concept of self-organization, understood as an attribute of autopoiesis. The purpose of the chapter is to present the idea of self-organization in business on the example of a training company. The case study method was used to present ways of restructuring a company under the influence of the pandemic crisis in 2020. The case study has a theoretical character and is a contribution to knowledge in the form of a description of the phenomenon studied. The choice of the company was determined by its good financial situation despite the economic slowdown in the country, innovative business culture, and the culture of risks management. The conclusions of the study allowed to explain phenomena that may be valuable to another organization, as an example of recommendations or comparative actions leading to a state of self-sufficiency.
Circular Economy and Circular Business Models in the Actual Global Ecological Context
Authors: Constantin Dana Maria (Oprea) , Căpușneanu Sorinel , Topor Dan Ioan , Aslam Hassan Danial
Published: January 2022

This chapter aims to synthesize some of the current issues of the circular economy and circular business models. Based on the international literature, the chapter highlights aspects such as the conceptual theoretical approaches of the circular economy and circular business models, interconnecting the principles of the circular economy, the difference between the linear and the circular economy, the circular economy and the sustainable development, the supply chain within the circular economy, possible business models of the circular economy, advantages and limitations in the successful implementation of the circular economy and supporting sustainability, other aspects of the circular economy and sustainability. The covered topics are based on the studies conducted by specialists and also present some author opinions on the sustainable development and circular economy. The chapter ends with the authors' conclusions on the impact of the circular economy and circular business models in the actual ecological context, launching possible future research topics for specialists.
When Music Changes, so Does the Dance
Authors: Morgül Gözde , Fındıklı Mine Afacan
Published: January 2022

This chapter examines the role of social enterprises/entrepreneurs from the perspective of the COVID-19 outbreak and discussed the importance of social entrepreneurship. In this context, answers to the following questions are sought: Did social enterprises/entrepreneurs stand out during the COVID-19 era, particularly the social value they created? Do social enterprises/entrepreneurs perform studies especially for groups experiencing social exclusion during the COVID-19 era? The study based on qualitative research reveals that by producing innovative, fast, and effective solutions social initiatives have won the approval of society. The headlines of leading media outlets published between December 2019 and June 2020 and discourses from social actors confirm the rising critical value of social entrepreneurs.
The COVID-19 Challenges and Opportunities for Immigrant Career Development
Authors: Solis-Cortes Lizette , Rami Falu
Published: January 2022

This chapter focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, it's disproportionate impact on immigrants' careers and employment opportunities, and the dire need to address inequitable career development opportunities. COVID-19 has also highlighted the anti-immigrant sentiment and structural barriers that impact immigrant career experiences and outcomes. A second interrelated obstacle to immigrant career development paths are recent executive orders signed by Donald Trump in the United States against immigrants and refugees as well as global anti-immigrant and refugee policies such as Brexit and the Citizenship Amendment Act. Immigrant workers require advocacy, protection, and avenues to receive continued support during and post-pandemic. Resources for immigrant employers and employees including international resources, avenues for advocacy, and recommendations to service providers are discussed.
The Impact of Digital Technologies on Marketing and Communication in the Tourism Industry
Authors: Rosário Albérico Travassos , Raimundo Ricardo Gomes , Cruz Rui
Published: January 2022

The growing openness between regions accompanied by the rising of the tourism industry enhances its importance and the ensuing search for competitive advantages in terms of communication, marketing, and technology. It, therefore, gave rise to the concept of integrated marketing communication (IMC) that together with information and communication technology (ICT) could highlight tourist experiences. This literature review (LR) attempts to unveil how digital technologies determine marketing and communication in the tourism industry and, conversely, what industry areas should be targeted by those digital technologies. The study employs a scoping review approach based on a search of literature through the SCOPUS database. Ten articles were selected. On the one hand, this LR concludes that digital technologies are filling the gap concerning the needs of tourists through, for instance, mobile marketing. On the other hand, it discloses that digital technologies are essential for the tourism industry as it improves marketing communication by diverse means.
Machine Learning Techniques and Risk Management
Authors: Floros Christos , Ballas Panagiotis
Published: January 2022

Crises around the world reveal a generally unstable environment in the last decades within which banks and financial institutions operate. Risk is an inherent characteristic of financial institutions and is a multifaceted phenomenon. Everyday business practice involves decisions, which requires the use of information regarding various types of threats involved together with an evaluation of their impact on future performance, concluding to combinations of types of risks and projected returns for decision makers to choose from. Moreover, financial institutions process a massive amount of data, collected either internally or externally, in an effort to continuously analyse trends of the economy they operate in and decode global economic conditions. Even though research has been performed in the field of accounting and finance, the authors explore the application of machine learning techniques to facilitate decision making by top management of contemporary financial institutions improving the quality of their accounting disclosure.
A First-Time Leader in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Mims Joshua
Published: January 2022

In this case study, a faculty member at a Historically Black College/University (HBCU) shares their story of working as a white male in an all-Black college from first hire, to leaving, to returning in order to lead their former academic program. During their first year of leadership the author faced personal tragedy, professional promotion, strained relationships with colleagues, and finally, a global pandemic that changed the world. For those interested in the experiences of a first-time leader, this is a unique case study.
Innovation-Driven Growth of Tourist Destinations in the Russian Arctic
Authors: Ivolga Anna , Trukhachev Alexander , Elfimova Yulia
Published: January 2022

The attractiveness of the Arctic as a tourist destination has been growing. The growth is determined by a number of competitive advantages of the region in the eyes of foreign tourists. Along with higher income to those countries involved, mass tourism brings serious challenges in remote Arctic areas: increasing pollution through tourist traffic, risk of environmental damage because of accidents with cruise ships. One of the possible solutions to the coexistence between the exploration of Arctic tourist destinations and sustainable development is an innovation-driven growth. In the sensitive Arctic areas, traditional approaches to the development of tourism business are not applicable. Innovation approach represents a new concept of how tourism can at the same time bring economic benefits to remote and peripheral Arctic areas and ensure sustainable development of a fragile environment. The goal of this chapter is to define the categories of innovations applicable in Arctic tourism, including process, marketing, institutional, management, product, and service innovations.
How the Greek Crisis Determined Firm Profitability and Optimal Debt Ratio
Authors: Katsampoxakis Ioannis , Basdekis Haralampos , Anathreptakis Konstantinos
Published: January 2022

The goal of this chapter is to assess the influence of specific corporate and market features on Greek firms' profitability and the determination of the optimal debt ratio before and during the Greek crisis. The empirical results exhibit an average profitability of 6.97%, which varies significantly both between firms and during the time period examined. Another finding of this study is the verification of the theoretical relationship between the independent variables and Greek firms' profitability between 2005 and 2016. Related to the determination of the optimal debt ratio of Greek firms, the authors found that during the first sub-period examined (before the Greek economic crisis – 2005-2009), the results extracted are not consistent with the MM theory in contrary to the second sub-period (the period of the deep recession 2010-2016). During this period, the optimal debt ratio is estimated to be 40.9% and the turning point decreased considerably compared to the whole period sample (52.6%) 2005-2016.
Customer Satisfaction on Social Media Marketing in Malaysian Hospitality Industry
Authors: Kong Joanna Pei Yi , Ng Alex Hou Hong
Published: January 2022

Customer satisfaction plays an important role in achieving the competitive advantage and ensures to bring success to the organizations. Nowadays, people tend to use technologies in boosting the revenue of their businesses as well as to promote the products and services. Therefore, this chapter is focusing on the factors that drive the satisfactions of the customers on the social media marketing in the hospitality industry in Malaysia. The research gaps have been identified on Malaysia's customer satisfaction on social media marketing in the hospitality industry. Hence, the objective of this research is to explore three factors that influence the satisfaction level of the customers on the technologie in the social media, namely social technology approach, social media tools, and socia media engagement. Last but not least, this study will also provide the researchers and managers with strategic plan in order to enhance the business efficiency.
An Emergency Management Perspective for First-Time Leaders
Authors: Yakubu Mariama , Awudu Iddrisu
Published: January 2022

Emergency management requires exhaustive leadership that is based on principles, sound theory, and practice. These three bedrocks provide an opportunity for leaders to be cognizance, respectful, and at the same time, nimble in leading during a disaster—manmade or natural. Although leadership in emergency management is important, existing literature does not discuss the topic so well. In this chapter, the authors consider leadership from an emergency management perspective based on the four phases of disaster management: preparedness, response, mitigation, and recovery. Leading and managing unsettling events, such as pandemics, which may become the new normal, require eschewing destructive leadership behaviors. This chapter presents a conceptual model that lists and discusses using examples innate and learned leadership characteristics necessary for effective and efficient disaster management through the four phases of disaster management. Guidelines for first-time leaders handling unexpected situations are provided, together with future research directions.
Compliance in Sustainability Reporting
Authors: Snezhko Svetlana , Coskun Ali
Published: January 2022

The research is aimed at assessing the benefits of compliance for corporate sustainability and sustainable development. The main achievement of the research is the outcome of the survey on companies' public reports to identify the trends and measure the progress achieved in disclosing information on compliance. There are both business and public drivers for disclosure of compliance information in non-financial reporting. Best practices in disclosing information on compliance by the company-leaders were revealed. There is a positive trend in the expansion of information on compliance in sustainability reports in recent years. Some problematic areas in reporting on compliance were identified. The outcomes of the research call for companies to disclose information on compliance in a more explicit way. The results may be valid for the improvement of corporate reporting practices.
Nation State and Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic Shock
Authors: Pilipenko Olga Ivanovna , Pilipenko Zoya Andreevna , Pilipenko Andrey Igorevich
Published: January 2022

Nation states have taken the brunt of the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. The effectiveness of their actions was assessed by all the society in terms of growth rates of infected and deaths, of ability to quickly mobilize all medical services to work in extreme conditions, to increase the capacity of hospitals, of additional medical equipment, of laboratories' capacities and the availability of tests for COVID-19, not to mention the research the vaccine or effective means of treating the disease, etc. In addition, they introduced extreme regimes of lockdowns, having blocked the economy and social interconnections and given rise to an acute problem of the disadvantaged citizens' survival. The great question arose of who should have taken responsibility for missed opportunities. It is unreasonable to blame only the state because it has no alternative today. It is the weakest “link” in the structural “chain” of national societies, but by strengthening it, the entire chain becomes stronger to prevent future disasters.
Exploring Co-Teaching and the Inclusive Consultation Model (ICM) in the Secondary Education Classroom
Authors: Bell Jeremy C. , Specht Phillip L.
Published: January 2022

Collaboration, coteaching, and consultation are words that have overarching meanings in that they all involve people working together to solve a purpose or meet a goal. Individuals in public education must work together on collaborative initiatives to solve challenges. Professionals may make suggestions for short-term objectives and establish effective plans of action to address long-term problems because of their collaboration. Co-teachers must be able to provide instruction while working with others in a professional and efficient manner. Working together can be a difficult task for some while others find collaboration essential to navigating the 21st century classroom.
Double Layer Growth of ZnO Nanorods by a Low Temperature Solution Method: Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties
Authors: Kurudirek Sinem V.
Published: January 2022

In the present work, double layer Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) were fabricated hydrothermally and their photoluminescence (PL) properties were investigated. Two different recipes and their combination were used to obtain double layer vertically well-aligned ZnO NRs. These recipes include polyethylenimine (PEI) and citrate as additives in the growth solution resulting long NRs with a broad defect emission and relatively short NRs with a near band-edge ultraviolet (UV) emission, respectively. Double layer growth of long-long (LL), long-short (LS) and short-short (SS) ZnO NRs were considered. Grown samples were annealed in a forming gas atmosphere for a better quality NR structure. LL ZnO NRs (long ZnO NRs grown on a long ZnO NR layer) with a 65 µm thickness showed a broad yellow-orange PL emission and no any near band-edge UV emission was observed. LS ZnO NRs representing short ZnO NRs grown on a long ZnO NR layer (LS1= 36 µm, LS2= 48 µm and LS3= 44 µm) showed an enhanced near band-edge UV emission when compared to that of the long ZnO NRs. The UV intensity was found to decrease with the increase in thickness of the NRs in LS samples. Finally, SS ZnO NR sample, (short ZnO NRs grown on a short ZnO NR layer) which has a thickness of 33 µm, displayed a stronger near band-edge UV emission with a negligible broad emission than that of as-grown SS ZnO NRs (UV peak intensity ratio 59). This study should be important for applications where longer NRs with enhanced PL properties are strictly required.
Effects of Emulsifiers on Engineering and Microstructural Properties of HPMC/Shellac Composite Films
Authors: Vu Thi Huong , Le Thi Hong Thuy , Nguyen Hoc Thang , Nguyen Thanh Tung , Nguyen Van Khoi , Pham Thi Thu Ha , Truong Ngoc Yen , Nguyen Thi Luong
Published: January 2022

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/Shellac-based Composite (HPMC/Sh composite) is produced from oil/water emulsion. The emulsifiers are necessarily used to stabilize and enhance the dispersion of this emulsion. This study conducted the experiments to evaluate effects of saturated fatty acids of lauric acid (LA), stearic acid (SA) and unsaturated fatty acid of oleic acid (OA) to the sensory, mechanical properties and microstructure of the HPMC/Sh emulsion. In which, the saturated fatty acids were used in mixtures with the ratios of shellac : emulsifier at 20 : 1, 10 : 1, and 5 : 1. On the other hand, the unsaturated fatty acid was used in mixtures with the ratio of shellac : emulsifier at 1 : 5, 1 : 10, and 1 : 20. The emulsifiers increased the dispersion and effective interaction of the polymers causing the emulsion formation become more stable and finer particle size. In addition, the films had smooth surfaces without unfractured, flexible and elastic.
The Effect of Cu2O Synthesis Method on its Optical Properties
Authors: Hutomo Farhan Aryo , Hanifah Nur , Ammrulloh Fajri Malik , Refialdi Muhammad Afdhel , Widyastuti  , Pramata Azzah Dyah
Published: January 2022

Cuprous Oxide (Cu2O) is a semiconductor material with excellent photocatalytic properties, a broad range of applications, low fabrication costs, and is non-toxic. We concentrated on the impact of two different synthesis methods in this study. Cu2O synthesis was carried out using two different techniques, which are chemical deposition and hot-soap method. The chemical deposition (CD) method used a copper sulfate pentahydrate precursor in a room temperature reaction. Hot-soap (HS) method employed copper acetylacetonate with reaction at higher temperature. The X-Ray Diffraction analysis reveals a sharp peak with a size of 53.8 nm and a broaden peak with a size of 26.24 nm for particles synthesized by (Cu2O-CD) and (Cu2O-HS), respectively. Using the Tauc Plot method, the band gap of Cu2O-HS is estimated to be 2.65 eV and that of Cu2O-CD to be 1.7 eV. Cu2O-HS emits a noticeable photoluminescence peak at 425 nm, whereas Cu2O-CD emits no peaks in photoluminescence spectra analysis. These findings indicate that Cu2O-HS has a high potential for use in photocatalytic mechanisms.
Effect of Perovskite CsPbBr3 Concentration and Coating Method on Thin Film Morphology and its Photovoltaic Performance
Authors: Refialdi Muhammad Afdhel , Ammrulloh Fajri Malik , Hutomo Farhan Aryo , Susanti Diah , Pramata Azzah Dyah , Hanifah Nur
Published: January 2022

Perovskite
CsPbBr

3

has
a band
gap energy of 2.3
eV
which has the potential for solar cell applications.
The
issue
regarding the relationship between the different coating methods and the concentration has not been studied further.
Therefore,
this study
focuses on analyzing
the effect of variations in the concentration of CsPbBr

3

20
mM
and 40
mM
as well as d
ifferent coating methods, spin-coating, dip-coating and drop-c
asting on the morphology of the thin film. The ligand assisted reprecipitation LARP method was used to synthesize CsPbBr3 using control ligands, octylamine and oleic acid to obtain CsPbBr3 orthorhombic.Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observations show that increasing the concentration resulted in larger particle size, and the Drop Casting method resulted in a more fully coverage on thin film. Drop Casting and a 40 mM solution produced the highest solar cell efficiency of 1.4 %.
Green Cosmetic from Natural Colorant of Anthocyanin Extracted from Ipomoea batatas L.
Authors: Nguyen Thuc Boi Huyen , Nguyen Hoc Thang
Published: January 2022

Ipomoea Batatas L. anthocyanin extracted solution has a vibrant color, suitable for coloring in the food and cosmetic industries. The anthocyanin content in Ipomoea Batatas L. extract reached the highest value under extraction conditions at 60°C for 60 minutes. A number of recipes for green cosmetic samples are formulated and tested with concentration of Ipomoea Batatas L. extract up to 60%. The testing results show that the cosmetic samples did not contain heavy metal of lead (Pb) and did not detect mold which is safe for the health of users. The statistical tools were the checklist sheets used to evaluate the quality of cosmetic samples, designed on the basis of choosing 6 specific criteria for cosmetic quality and 5 quality evaluation levels. The study carried out survey with 320 women aged from 18 to 35 who used to test for the cosmetic samples. The results were collected and analyzed data showed that the percentage of users highly appreciated the quality of green cosmetic samples. The color formed from the extract of Ipomoea Batatas L. reaches the rate of more than 85% with the total quality of "Good" and "Excellent" levels.
Characterization of Bio Oil Derived from Palm Kernel Shell Pyrolysis Catalyzed by Iron Ore Based Catalyst
Authors: Zulkania Ariany , Adrianto Ari , Widodo Wildan , Sudirman Nanda Putri Islami , Wulandari Tiara Indri
Published: January 2022

Using bio oil derived from biomass pyrolysis as an alternative fuel continues to be encouraged in order to decrease the utilization of fossil fuels. On the other hand, application of iron ore as a catalyst in the biomass pyrolysis process provides an advantage where there is a mutual effect on the reduction process of iron ore. The objective of the study is to probe the influence of temperature and catalyst concentration to the pyrolysis yields, the characterization of bio-oil gained, and additionally, phase and composition change of the iron ore. This research utilized palm kernel shells as biomass and raw iron ore as catalyst. The experiment was performed at different temperatures (450, 500, and 550oC) and different catalyst concentrations (0, 10, and 15 % of mass). The biomass was located in the lower part of the reactor and the catalyst was positioned on the upper side of the biomass being separated by using a thick layer of glass wool. The pyrolysis process was implemented by drawing off N2 gas to avert the oxygen existence in the reactor. The results exhibited that the highest bio-oil yield, 43.63%, was obtained from the sample of 550oC with non-catalyst, but the highest tar yield was generated from sample of 550°C with 15% of catalyst concentration. GC-MS results showed that catalyst concentration of 15% mass induced opposite effect to composition of phenolic-aromatic compound and acetic acids content compared to the one of 10% mass. Eventually, pyrolysis conditions are able to encourage the reduction process occurred in the iron ore catalyst.
The Effect of Particle Size, Pressure, Holding Time and Drying Temperature to the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Briquettes
Authors: Musabbikhah  , Putro Sartono , Bakhri Samsul
Published: January 2022

The problem of jatropha waste that has not been managed optimally has an impact on environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research to utilize and utilize jatropha waste in products that are beneficial to the community. The purpose of this study was to find the best variation of particle size, time pressure, removal, and drying temperature to produce the best briquettes. The independent variables in this study were particle size (60 mesh, 80 mesh and 100 mesh); pressure (100 kg/cm2, 200 kg/cm2 and 300 kg/cm2); removal time (3 minutes, 6 minutes, 9 minutes) and drying temperature (100 C, 105 C and 110 C). The variables considered in this study were the water content and the compressive strength of the briquettes. The criteria to get the best product using R2 and R Adj. The results showed that the water content of the briquettes was 7.12%, and the best compressive strength was 23,768 kg/cm2. The water content model was declared feasible and valid to predict the water content of quality briquettes as indicated by all independent variables having VIF<10 and TOL> 0.1 and Durbin Watson value: 2.165 in the range of 1.767<D<2.233. Particle size, pressure, removal time, and drying temperature have a percentage contribution to the briquette pressure is 30.769%, respectively; pressure 29.338%; time eliminated 22.315%; drying temperature 7.952% and the remaining factors that are not used in this study and errors. The compressive strength model is declared feasible and valid to predict the compressive strength of quality briquettes as indicated by all independent variables having VIF < 10 and TOL > 0.1 and Durbin Watson value: 2.286 in the range of 2.233 < D < 2.687.
Lean practices and benefits: study of Sri Lankan small and medium enterprises
Authors: De Alwis Seneviratne R. Y. H. , Dissanayake K. , Premaratna S. P. , Melegoda Nayani , Ranwala S. , Fernando A.
Published: January 2022

Implementation of lean practices creates multiple benefits as depicted in literature. However, the experiences of implementing lean practices in manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), in Sri Lanka, remain unexplored. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which manufacturing SMEs use lean practices and their accrued benefits. The study adopts survey method and uses a structured questionnaire looking into three areas; lean practices implemented, driving forces of lean implementation and the benefits experienced. Data is collected from 342 manufacturing SMEs located in the Western Province of Sri Lanka, selected adopting random sampling representing seven major sub-sects including clothing and textiles, food and beverages, electronics and computers, metals, petroleum, wood, leather, paper and construction. The study finds that Just-In-Time, 3P and Kanban/Kaizen/Pull systems are the commonly used lean practices. The implementation of lean practices in manufacturing SMEs are mainly driven by improved quality, customer demand for shorter lead time and competitive advantage in price and service experienced through the implementation. The main benefits experienced by the SMEs are customer satisfaction, improved corporate image, reduced waste and higher efficiency and productivity. In addition to these, reduced inventory levels, higher flexibility, reduced transportation lead time, reduced capacity surplus are revealed to be achieved more with lean practices. The findings of this study are beneficial for planning further investigations into the lean adaptation in the SME sector. This also has implications for SME owners as they can be encouraged to implement lean practices and policy-making when promoting lean practices among SMEs.
How green the supply chain of apparel manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka
Authors: Manage Dilini S. , Dissanayake Kumudinei
Published: January 2022

This research aims to study the Green Supply Chain Management Practices (GSCMPs) adopted and the challenges encountered in achieving a closed-loop supply chain in apparel manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka. By adopting a deductive approach and quantitative survey method and using a self-administered questionnaire, the study collects data from 102 Strategic Business Units of apparel companies located in the Western and North Western provinces of Sri Lanka. Descriptive statistics are used for analysing data. Results indicate that only a few companies have adopted all the considered GSCMPs making the supply chain a closed-loop while the majority of companies are focused on few practices. The most adopted GSCMP among the considered companies is green production, and the least adopted practice is green delivery. High transport cost is identified as the most common challenge that restricted companies from achieving closed-loop supply chain, followed by high inventory cost and lack of staff. These findings imply the lacking areas which need to be addressed in achieving a closed-loop supply chain in the Sri Lankan apparel companies.
New French Human Experimentation Act
Authors: Maio Giovanni
Published: January 2022

Dealing with the question whether or under which conditions non-therapeutical research on human beings should be permitted, the article follows one of the main features of French bioethics discussions in the last years. After a long period of hesitation and preliminary reports of the Comité Consultatif National d'Ethique pour le Sciences de la vie et de la santé (CCNE), the Council of State of the French Parliament finally engaged in legislative action on this issue. For the first time it recognized the legitimacy of non-therapeutical research and stated the conditions under which it should be conducted. The recent development of French public discussion on human experimentation is analysed in consideration of its social and historical context. Thus, there is given insight into a graduai change of traditional medicai ethics in France. The new legislation reflects an increasing emphasis on self-determination of the person, due to the stimulation of public debates by CCNE, which gradually is replacing the traditional attitude of paternalism and secrecy in French medical practice. One of the major innovations is the enforccment of reviewing procedures. The research protocols have to be reviewed by "comités consultatifs de protection des personnes dans la recherche biomedicale", but stili no firm predictions can be made as to whether these review boards will really serve as a democratic control.
Problemi andrologici in pazienti con lesioni midollari
Authors: Ronzoni G. , De Giovanni L. , Spagnolo A. G.
Published: January 2022

Partendo da un caso clinico emblematico, l'articolo presenta dal punto di vista clinico ed etico le problematiche andrologiche dei pazienti paraplegici. I disturbi andrologici più frequentemente riferiti sono quelli relativi all'erezione ed alla fertilità. Ciò configura una situazione di "handicap nell'handicap", con tutti i disagi intuibili in ordine alla gestione della sessualità nella comunione sponsale. Gli autori ritengono necessario perciò sia dare una risposta medica seria e motivata al paziente sia tenere nel massimo conto - da parte del medico - non solo gli aspetti clinici ma anche la dimensione etica dell'uomo, data l'imprescindibilità della visione unitaria della persona umana. L'attività diagnostica e terapeutica, quindi, viene a collocarsi in un concetto di "salute sessuale", escludendo a priori qualsiasi intervento semplicisticamente edonistico. l valori in gioco nelle disfunzioni andrologiche dei paraplegici sono diversi: a. la tutela della dignità della persona umana in relazione soprattutto alla riservatezza ed al consenso informato; b. l'opportunità di privilegiare quanto più possibile l'approccio di coppia al problema; c. il principio di proporzionalità terapeutica; d. l'impegno a fornire "standard" terapeutici adeguati. L'articolo prosegue illustrando le terapie farmacologiche e chirurgiche della disfunzione erettiva analizzandone dettagliatamente le valenze etiche e tenendo presente che l'accettabilità etica di tali interventi va valutata in relazione al principio terapeutico. Viene inoltre affrontato l'aspetto riguardante le implicazioni per la vita matrimoniale in tali particolari situazioni. In conclusione viene presentata la Sezione di Urochirurgia per Paraplegici in funzione dal 1992 presso la Divisione di Urologia del Policlinico "A. Gemelli" de1l'Università Cattolica di Roma, come risposta al dovere richiesto alla medicina di interessarsi anche a questi particolari problemi dei paraplegici.
La responsabilità dei politici nella Evangelium Vitae
Authors: Compagnoni Francesco
Published: January 2022

Lo scopo del contributo è quello di mostrare che le indicazioni dell'Enciclica sono applicabili all'interno delle società politicamente democratiche e ideologicamente pluraliste. Per far questo si analizza, seppure per sommi capi, il funzionamento delle democrazie negli Stati di diritto, e se ne evince la conclusione che non è il consenso popolare immediato, le spinte sociali dirette, che vengono trascritte nelle leggi. Inoltre, la coscienza del politico (che deve perseguire il bene comune) non può essere neutralizzata di fronte alle scelte pubbliche a proposito della vita, in quanto queste sono legittime solo se mantenute nel quadro delle leggi costituzionali e dei trattati internazionali riguardanti i diritti dell'uomo. Ancor di più: in definitiva, nessun sistema politico può evitare di essere legittimo su un pur ridotto insieme di valori, i quali sono anche riferimento alla legittimità della legislazione ordinaria. I temi della vita diventano molto controversi in politica se non è chiara la fondazione dei diritti dell'uomo e dei diritti fondamentali garantiti dalle costituzioni. E'necessario averne una, anche se non la stessa per tutti; infatti ciò che è politicamente risolutivo è l'accettazione dell'assolutezza dei diritti umani fondamentali. Tra questi c'è anche il diritto alla vita di ogni persona, prima di ogni determinazione legislativa o riconoscimento di qualsiasi organo legiferante. Per questo lo Stato di diritto moderno non può dare nessuna legittimazione giuridica all'aborto, all'eutanasia e comunque a pratiche omicide. Può forse non punire certe fattispecie, ma non può dare loro riconoscimento diretto poiché tale ambito è sottratto al suo potere: le persone e i loro diritti umani vengono logicamente prima delle strutture sociali e statali. I politici potranno però realizzare tutto questo se le persone di retto sentire, i cattolici in primo piano, agiranno nella società prima di tutto in aiuto alla vita: nascente; minacciata, in difficoltà, rifiutata. Solo con l'esempio si potrà creare una società accogliente per ogni vita, specialmente le più deboli. Allora parallelamente avremo anche misure legislative proporzionali, ottenute attraverso il metodo parlamentare democratico.
Image analysis techniques in remote sensing
Authors: Strome W M
Published: January 2022

Remote sensing techniques often provide a representation of the earth's surface as a set of images. The brightness o f each point in an image represents the intensity of reflected or emitted electromaqnetic energy from a corresponding point on the earth as
measured by some sensing device carried aboard a platform such as an aircraft, a balloon, or a satellite. In some instances, simple visual inspection of the images permits positive identification of features of interest. For many applications, however, sophisticated digital analysis techniques are
required to extract the desired information concerning earth resources and the environment.
Expert consensus on the design, manufacture, materials, and clinical application of customized three-dimensional printing scoliosis orthosis
Authors: Lu Dezhi , Li Tao , Yu Wenqiang , Feng Haiyang , Xu Yuanjing , Ma Zhenjiang , Tan Jun , Niu Guoqi , Zheng Pengfei , Xiong Ying , Zhang Hongbo , Li Feng , Zhu Rui , Mei Zhao , Zhang Yu , Liu Dongming , Nan Xiaofeng , Wang Jinwu , Dai Kerong
Published: January 2022

The digitalization of medicine promises great advances for global health. Combined with three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, noncontact optical scanner, and computer-aided design, we can make personalized 3D printing scoliosis orthosis for patients across the country - with better diagnostics, personalized treatments, and early disease prevention. We hope optimize the production process of scoliosis orthotics, improve the production efficiency of orthotics, and promote the clinical transformation of 3D-printed scoliosis orthosis. To standardize the design, manufacture, materials, and clinical applications of 3D printing technology in the scoliosis orthosis, Chinese experts in relevant fields were organized to formulate this expert consensus.
Actinomycosis in head-and-neck region – A review
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar
Published: January 2022

Actinomycosis is an uncommon chronic disease caused by filamentous Actinomyces, a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium that usually colonizes in the human oral cavity, digestive tract, and genital area. Actinomycosis is rarely seen chronic infectious disease in the head-and-neck region. The clinical presentations are often nonspecific and mimic several diseases of the head-and-neck area such as malignancy and tuberculosis. Moreover, investigations such as imaging, fine-needle aspiration, and biopsy are often nonspecific. The diagnosis of actinomycosis is still difficult for the diagnosis at present time. Bacterial culture and histopathological study are the cornerstones of the diagnosis but a particular situation is needed to get the exact diagnosis. The prolonged bacterial cultures in anaerobic conditions are required to confirm the bacterium and classical microscopic findings like necrosis with yellowish sulfur granules and filamentous Gram-positive fungal-like pathogens. The surgical excision of the lesion/mass along with appropriate antibiotic therapy is important treatment options. Clinicians must be aware of the typical clinical presentations of actinomycosis in the head-and-neck region as it may mimic the malignant process in the head-and-neck area. Actinomycosis patients need prolonged high doses of penicillin G or amoxicillin and the period of antimicrobial treatment can be shortened to a minimum of 3 months in patients in whom optimum surgical resection of the infected tissues has been useful.