bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Mars Global Simulant (MGS-1) on Growth and Physiology of Sweet Potato: A Space Model Plant
Authors: Chinnannan Karthik , Somagattu Prapooja , Yammanuru Hyndavi , Nimmakayala Padma , Chakrabarti Manohar , Reddy Umesh K.
Published: December 2023

Growing food autonomously on Mars is challenging due to the Martian soil’s low nutrient content and high salinity. Understanding how plants adapt and evaluating their nutritional attributes are pivotal for sustained Mars missions. This research delves into the regeneration, stress tolerance, and dietary metrics of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) across different Mars Global Simulant (MGS-1) concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 75%). In our greenhouse experiment, 75% MGS-1 concentration significantly inhibited sweet potato growth, storage root biomass, and chlorophyll content. This concentration also elevated the plant tissues’ H2O2, proline, and ascorbic acid levels. Higher MGS-1 exposures (50 and 75%) notably boosted the vital amino acids and sugar groups in the plant’s storage roots. However, increased MGS-1 concentrations notably diminished the total C:N ratio and elemental composition in both the vines and storage roots. In summary, sweet potato exhibited optimal growth, antioxidant properties, yield, and nutrient profiles at 25% MGS-1 exposure as compared to higher concentrations. This study underscores the need for future interventions, like nutrient enhancements and controlled metal accessibility, to render sweet potato a suitable plant for space-based studies.
Differential Tree Growth Response to Management History and Climate in Multi-Aged Stands of Pinus pinea L.
Authors: Garfì Vittorio , Garfì Giuseppe
Published: December 2023

The possible differential response to the climatic fluctuations of co-occurring trees of different ages is still poorly known and rather controversial. Moreover, in managed forests, such a picture is further complicated by the impact of silvicultural practices. With this concern, in a multi-aged umbrella pine stand in the Maremma Regional Park (Tuscany, Italy), the spatial patterns and tree-ring response to the climate were investigated by differentiating trees into three classes, i.e., young, mature, and old. The aim was to assess the role of past management in shaping the current stand structure and affecting the growth dynamics at different ages, as well as to evaluate the possible shifting of tree adaptation to the climatic variables throughout plant aging. Our outcomes proved that the current mosaic of even-aged small patches results from a multifaceted forest management history. Until the 1960s, silvicultural treatments seemed more suitable in promoting tree growth and regeneration. Later on, inappropriate and/or untimely thinning probably triggered excessive competition from the top canopy trees, involving reduced stem and root system development in the younger plants living in the understory. Also, the intra-annual growth response to the climate showed some dependence on age. Younger trees are assumed not to be able to efficiently exploit water resources from the deep aquifer during the dry season, probably due to an insufficiently developed taproot, differently than older trees. Accordingly, appropriate and timely thinning, simulating frequent natural disturbances on small areas, could be a suitable management approach to promote sustained growth rates and regeneration processes, as well as healthy and vital trees at all life stages.
Effect of Shading on Physiological Attributes and Proteomic Analysis of Tea during Low Temperatures
Authors: Zaman Shah , Shen Jiazhi , Wang Shuangshuang , Song Dapeng , Wang Hui , Ding Shibo , Pang Xu , Wang Mengqi , Wang Yu , Ding Zhaotang
Published: December 2023

Shading is an important technique to protect tea plantations under abiotic stresses. In this study, we analyzed the effect of shading (SD60% shade vs. SD0% no-shade) on the physiological attributes and proteomic analysis of tea leaves in November and December during low temperatures. The results revealed that shading protected the tea plants, including their soil plant analysis development (SPAD), photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and nitrogen content (N), in November and December. The proteomics analysis of tea leaves was determined using tandem mass tags (TMT) technology and a total of 7263 proteins were accumulated. Further, statistical analysis and the fold change of significant proteins (FC < 0.67 and FC > 1.5 p < 0.05) revealed 14 DAPs, 11 increased and 3 decreased, in November (nCK_vs_nSD60), 20 DAPs, 7 increased and 13 decreased, in December (dCK_vs_dSD60), and 12 DAPs, 3 increased and 9 decreased, in both November and December (nCK_vs_nSD60). These differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were dehydrins (DHNs), late-embryogenesis abundant (LEA), thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs), glutathione S-transferase (GSTs), gibberellin-regulated proteins (GAs), proline-rich proteins (PRPs), cold and drought proteins (CORA-like), and early light-induced protein 1, which were found in the cytoplasm, nucleus, chloroplast, extra cell, and plasma membrane, and functioned in catalytic, cellular, stimulus-response, and metabolic pathways. In conclusion, the proliferation of key proteins was triggered by translation and posttranslational modifications, which might sustain membrane permeability in tea cellular compartments and could be responsible for tea protection under shading during low temperatures. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the conventional breeding technique (shading) and modern molecular technologies (proteomics) on tea plants, for the development and protection of new tea cultivars.
Potential of Seed Halopriming in the Mitigation of Salinity Stress during Germination and Seedling Establishment in Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)
Authors: Hmissi Manel , Krouma Abdelmajid , García-Sánchez Francisco , Chaieb Mohamed
Published: December 2023

The salinity of soils and irrigation water is among the main factors that limit plant productivity worldwide. Several alternatives have been proposed to get around this problem. However, these alternatives have faced difficulties in their implementation. As an alternative, the adverse effects of salinity on crop yield can be minimized by selecting species and varieties better adapted to salinity and/or by finding priming agents that give plants a certain tolerance during the vegetative and reproductive stages. The latter are strictly dependent on germination and seedling establishment. For this purpose, a laboratory experiment was conducted on three Tunisian wheat cultivars (Karim, Razeg, and Maali) subjected to moderate salinity stress (MSS, 5 g L−1 NaCl), severe salinity stress (SSS, 10 g L−1 NaCl), or control (0 NaCl) after soaking the seeds in a solution of KNO3 or ZnSO4 (0.5 g L−1). Salinity stress significantly decreased germination capacity (GC) and induced osmotic stress under MSS, which declined under SSS in favor of toxic stress. Pretreatment of seeds with KNO3 or ZnSO4 alleviated the toxic effect, and seedlings recovered initial vigor and GC even under SSS. The Karim cultivar showed better tolerance to salinity and a higher ability to react to priming agents. The calculated sensitivity tolerance index (STI) based on germination capacity, seedling growth, and initial vigor decreased in all cultivars under salt stress; however, this parameter clearly discriminated the studied cultivars. Karim was the most tolerant as compared to Razeg and Maali. We conclude that halopriming provides a benefit by alleviating the harmful effects of salt toxicity and that cultivars differ in their response to priming and extent of salt stress. KNO3 and ZnSO4 effectively alleviated the inhibitory effect of salt stress on seed germination and seedling establishment while significantly improving initial vigor.
Modeling of Effect of Pseudomonas aureofaciens AP-9 on Bioremediation of Phenol-Contaminated River Sediments
Authors: Yotinov Ivaylo , Kirilova Mihaela , Delcheva Ivelina , Tagarev Gavril , Todorova Yovana , Schneider Irina , Topalova Yana
Published: December 2023

One of the most widespread and risky pollutants in the environment is phenol. It is a by-product of many industrial, agricultural, and other anthropogenic activities. Microbial-assisted transformation, known as bioremediation, is an effective and cheap method for treating groundwater, soil, and sediments contaminated with phenol and its derivates. This study aims to assess the effect of the addition of a selected, pre-adapted bacterial strain Pseudomonas aureofaciens AP-9 on key kinetic, microbiological, and enzymological parameters of simulated bioremediation processes for the removal of phenol (250 mg/kg). The early effect of adding this microbial biodegradant in contaminated sediments is insignificant. The effect of added bacteria is manifested at the 48th hour by a restructuring of the microbial sediment communities and an increase in the number of cultivated microorganisms. This preparation of the sediment communities for a prolonged detoxification process is also confirmed by the repeated induction and very high increase in the activity of the enzymes directly involved in the cleavage of the benzene ring. The effectiveness of phenol removal at the 48th hour is increased by 15%, too. Considering this stimulation of a sustainable long-term bioremediation process, we can conclude that microbiological pre-adapted inoculants are an important mechanism for the management of bioremediation detoxification processes and can increase their effectiveness.
Physiological Performance and Biosorption Capacity of Exiguobacterium sp. SH31 Isolated from Poly-Extreme Salar de Huasco in the Chilean Altiplano: A Study on Rare-Earth Element Tolerance
Authors: Serrano Genesis , Fortt Jonathan , Castro-Severyn Juan , Castillo Rodrigo , Saavedra Claudia , Krüger Gabriel , Núñez Claudia , Remonsellez Francisco , Gallardo Karem
Published: December 2023

Rare-earth elements (REEs) are crucial metals with limited global availability due to their indispensable role in various high-tech industries. As the demand for rare-earth elements continues to rise, there is a pressing need to develop sustainable methods for their recovery from secondary sources. Focusing on Exiguobacterium sp. SH31, this research investigates the impact of La, Eu, Gd, and Sm on its physiological performance and biosorption capacity. Tolerance was assessed at pHpzc from 7 to 8 with up to 1 mM rare-earth element concentrations. This study visualized the production of extracellular polymeric substances using Congo red assays and quantified them with ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterized the functional groups involved in metal interactions. The SH31 strain displayed significant rare-earth element tolerance, confirmed extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production under all conditions, and increased production in the presence of Sm. Spectroscopy analysis revealed changes in wavelengths associated with OH and R-COO-, suggesting rare-earth element interactions. SH31 demonstrated efficient metal adsorption, with removal rates exceeding 75% at pHpzc 7 and over 95% at pHpzc 7.5 and 8. The calculated Qmax value for rare-earth element biosorption was approximately 23 mg/g, and Langmuir isotherm models effectively described metal sorption equilibria. Genomic exploration identified genes related to extracellular polymeric substance formation, providing insights into underlying mechanisms. This study presents the first evidence of efficient La, Eu, Gd, and Sm adsorption by SH31, emphasizing its potential significance in rare-earth element recovery.
Effects of Injection Parameters and EHN Mixing on the Combustion Characteristics of Fueling Pure Methanol in a Compression Ignition Engine
Authors: Liu Haifeng , Li Mengjia , Wei Hongyuan , Wang Can , Song Tengda , Huang Zhixiong , Zhang Zhao , Cui Yanqing , Jin Chao
Published: December 2023

As one of the most ideal alternative fuels for internal combustion engines, methanol can achieve near-zero carbon emissions. The main problem of methanol application in compression combustion engines is the phase lag caused by its poor combustion characteristics, but under low load conditions, the fuel activity can be improved by adding the cetane number improver EHN (Isooctyl nitrate), and the dependence on intake heating can be reduced to a certain extent. Based on a three-dimensional CFD simulation, the effects of methanol injection parameters and the addition of EHN on the combustion characteristics of a four-stroke exhaust turbocharged diesel engine were studied in this paper. With or without EHN, the increase in injection pressure and the advance in injection timing lead to an increase in the peak temperature, pressure, and heat release rate, as well as a shortening of the combustion duration. Adding EHN witnesses reduced requirements for methanol ignition, including a decreased peak temperature, pressure, and heat release rate, a significantly shortened ignition delay period, and an extended combustion duration, which thus results in a reduced indicated thermal efficiency. This study innovatively develops a 3D model of a compression combustion engine applicable to in-cylinder direct injection pure methanol fuel and EHN under small load conditions, which provides a reference for future research and development of small-load pure methanol compression combustion engines and has certain guiding significance.
The Quantum Amplitude Estimation Algorithms on Near-Term Devices: A Practical Guide
Authors: Maronese Marco , Incudini Massimiliano , Asproni Luca , Prati Enrico
Published: December 2023

The Quantum Amplitude Estimation (QAE) algorithm is a major quantum algorithm designed to achieve a quadratic speed-up. Until fault-tolerant quantum computing is achieved, being competitive over classical Monte Carlo (MC) remains elusive. Alternative methods have been developed so as to require fewer resources while maintaining an advantageous theoretical scaling. We compared the standard QAE algorithm with two Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ)-friendly versions of QAE on a numerical integration task, with the Monte Carlo technique of Metropolis–Hastings as a classical benchmark. The algorithms were evaluated in terms of the estimation error as a function of the number of samples, computational time, and length of the quantum circuits required by the solutions, respectively. The effectiveness of the two QAE alternatives was tested on an 11-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer in order to verify which solution can first provide a speed-up in the integral estimation problems. We concluded that an alternative approach is preferable with respect to employing the phase estimation routine. Indeed, the Maximum Likelihood estimation guaranteed the best trade-off between the length of the quantum circuits and the precision in the integral estimation, as well as greater resistance to noise.
Viy in Nikolai Gogol’s Novella and Related Mythological Creatures in Ukrainian Folklore
Authors: Rakhno Kostyantyn
Published: December 2023

This article examines Ukrainian folkloric parallels to Viy, a character in the horror novella of the same name by Nikolai Gogol. It is a formidable chthonic, demonic creature whose eyelids cover the eyes and need to be lifted, and the gaze sees what is hidden from others. Although the writer claimed that this character, like the entire plot of the story, was taken from Ukrainian folklore, some modern researchers claim that Viy is the author’s own invention. This is contradicted by folkloric data, primarily Ukrainian lore. Demonic characters with different names but with the same appearance and very similar functions as Viy appear in Ukrainian folk tales, legends and beliefs recorded in the 19th and 20th centuries. The plots have various degrees of closeness to the plot of Gogol’s story, showing that Viy is an authentic figure from Ukrainian folklore.
Omnidirectional-Sensor-System-Based Texture Noise Correction in Large-Scale 3D Reconstruction
Authors: Xie Wenya , Hong Xiaoping
Published: December 2023

The evolution of cameras and LiDAR has propelled the techniques and applications of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. However, due to inherent sensor limitations and environmental interference, the reconstruction process often entails significant texture noise, such as specular highlight, color inconsistency, and object occlusion. Traditional methodologies grapple to mitigate such noise, particularly in large-scale scenes, due to the voluminous data produced by imaging sensors. In response, this paper introduces an omnidirectional-sensor-system-based texture noise correction framework for large-scale scenes, which consists of three parts. Initially, we obtain a colored point cloud with luminance value through LiDAR points and RGB images organization. Next, we apply a voxel hashing algorithm during the geometry reconstruction to accelerate the computation speed and save the computer memory. Finally, we propose the key innovation of our paper, the frame-voting rendering and the neighbor-aided rendering mechanisms, which effectively eliminates the aforementioned texture noise. From the experimental results, the processing rate of one million points per second shows its real-time applicability, and the output figures of texture optimization exhibit a significant reduction in texture noise. These results indicate that our framework has advanced performance in correcting multiple texture noise in large-scale 3D reconstruction.
Identifying Defects without a priori Knowledge in a Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detector Using Physics Inspired Machine Learning Model
Authors: Banerjee Srutarshi , Rodrigues Miesher , Ballester Manuel , Vija Alexander Hans , Katsaggelos Aggelos
Published: December 2023

Room-temperature semiconductor radiation detectors (RTSD) such as CdZnTe are popular in Computed Tomography (CT) imaging and other applications. Transport properties and material defects with respect to electron and hole transport often need to be characterized, which is a labor intensive process. However, these defects often vary from one RTSD to another and are not known a priori during characterization of the material. In recent years, physics-inspired machine learning (PI-ML) models have been developed for the RTSDs which have the ability to characterize the defects in a RTSD by discretizing it volumetrically. These learning models capture the heterogeneity of the defects in the RTSD—which arises due to the fabrication process and the energy bands of elements in the RTSD. In those models, the different defects of RTSD—trapping, detrapping and recombination for electrons and holes—are present. However, these defects are often unknown. In this work, we show the capabilities of a PI-ML model which has been developed considering all the material defects to identify certain defects which are present (or absent). Additionally, these models can identify the defects over the volume of the RTSD in a discretized manner.
A Novel Non-Coherent Q-Ary TH-PPM Transceiver
Authors: Wang Peng , Tian Jie , Li Duoye , Fei Peng , Shi Xianhua
Published: December 2023

Time-hopping pulse position modulation (TH-PPM) stands out as a secure communication due to the pseudo-random characteristics of its time-hopping sequence. However, the conventional TH-PPM transceiver encounters challenges in implementation, particularly in achieving the requisite high precision for synchronization. This paper introduces a novel non-coherent Q-ary TH-PPM transceiver, designed to surpass the Bit error rate (BER) performance of conventional TH-PPM transceivers in scenarios under non-ideal synchronization conditions, which also being straightforward to implement. Firstly, we provide an overview of the conventional TH-PPM transceiver. Secondly, the novel TH-PPM transceiver is introduced. In this context, a novel method for generating the TH-PPM signal is proposed for the transmitter, and a parallel matched-filter algorithm, adapted to the new TH-PPM signal, is presented for the receiver. Subsequently, the investigation delves into an in-depth analysis of BER performance, considering both ideal synchronization conditions and non-ideal synchronization conditions, for both the conventional and the new TH-PPM transceiver. Furthermore, the paper proposes a numerical simulation to validate the theoretical findings. The results demonstrate that the new TH-PPM transceiver outperforms the conventional counterpart by showing better BER performance in scenarios with non-ideal synchronization conditions.
IoT-Based Framework for COVID-19 Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Al-Khaleefa Ahmed Salih , Al-Musawi Ghazwan Fouad Kadhim , Saeed Tahseen Jebur
Published: December 2023

Current advancements in the technology of the Internet of Things (IoT) have led to the proliferation of various applications in the healthcare sector that use IoT. Recently, it has been shown that voice signal data of the respiratory system (i.e., breathing, coughing, and speech) can be processed through machine learning techniques to detect different diseases of this system such as COVID-19, considered an ongoing global pandemic. Therefore, this paper presents a new IoT framework for the identification of COVID-19 based on breathing voice samples. Using IoT devices, voice samples were captured and transmitted to the cloud, where they were analyzed and processed using machine learning techniques such as the naïve Bayes (NB) algorithm. In addition, the performance of the NB algorithm was assessed based on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F-Measure, and G-Mean. The experimental findings showed that the proposed NB algorithm achieved 82.97% accuracy, 75.86% sensitivity, 94.44% specificity, 95.65% precision, 84.61% F-Measure, and 84.64% G-Mean.
Method Development for Aminopyralid Residues Determination by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Straw
Authors: Kurhan Sebnem , Hanková Kateřina , Klouček Pavel , Koudela Martin
Published: December 2023

Straw is an important by-product of crop production. It has been widely used as a feed as well as in fruit–vegetable production due to exerting a positive impact on soil and crop health and quality in the operated areas. On the other hand, applied crop-specific herbicides throughout the production stage, like aminopyralid (AP), may lead to significant plant injuries in sensitive vegetable plantations, even in very low concentrations. This study aims to optimize a short time, minimal consumables needed, and sensitive extraction and analytical method for AP residues in straw material using LC-MS/MS. For this purpose, standard AP signal response in acetonitrile (MeCN) and 1% of formic acid (FA) in methanol (MeOH) were tested; several chromatographic separation and mass spectroscopy (MS) parameters were improved and optimized. Subsequently, two different extraction methods were performed in AP spiked straw samples, and extraction efficacies were compared. Salting-out assisted liquid–liquid extraction (SALLE) by acidified MeCN combined with final dissolution in MeOH with 1% of FA prior to the analysis was chosen as the most appropriate method for the straw matrix. This method was then used for validation and real sample test analysis. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of AP in this optimized extraction method achieved 10 ng/g straw with a recovery rate of 71% and 13% RSD. The method was also tested on field straw mulch samples and 22.54 ± 0.8 ng/g of AP was detected.
Modeling and Solving the Joint Replenishment Problem with Cross-Selling Effects Considering One Shared Minor Item
Authors: Yi Meng , Zhang Renqian
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we provide a model to handle multiple replenishment cycles and the cross-selling of multiple major items with one minor item, while allowing partial late delivery. The optimization analytic expression of the model is finally obtained by utilizing the convexity of cost function for F and using the first-order conditions in optimization theory. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the model and algorithm, which offers a competent solution for practical applications.
Selected E-commerce Customs in Russia and China: Comparative Analysis
Authors:   Samara National Research University named after Academician S. P. Korolev, Samara, Agoshkov A. V. , Lu Zhou ,   Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the experience of regulating e-commerce in the Russian Federation and China, mainly in terms of compliance with contractual norms, settlement of business disputes and protection of consumer rights. We can conclude that if the use of positive norms predominates in the Russian Federation, then the PRC quite successfully uses ordinary norms, revised and adapted to the needs of today — both at the national level and in the practice of cross-border trade transactions (the formation of a new customary trade law — lex mercatoria). It is especially worth noting the signifi cant role of mediation as a method of resolving business disputes, which is widespread in the PRC. The historical, cultural and current signifi cance of mediation allows us to talk about it as a legal custom that has found its place in the system of modern legislation of the PRC.
Comprehensive assessment of the development prospects of Russian regions (using the example of the Altai Territory)
Authors:   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Institute of Applied Economic Research, Moscow, Shapor M. A. , Shakhov O. F. ,   Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: December 2023

The current geopolitical situation requires more attention to the development of Russian regions due to the need to develop new sales markets, as well as the urgent need to diversify Russian exports and increase the share of finished products. The purpose of the presented study is to test the author’s methodology for an integrated approach to assessing the prospects for the development of Russian regions, which was originally created to assess the prospects of modern trade unions. The empirical basis of the practical part of the study was the data of the analysis of general and particular indicators of the development of the Altai Territory. In the course of the study, the high efficiency of the development of the Altai Territory was revealed, which is confirmed by the growth of most general and particular indicators that make it possible to most fully describe the socio-economic component of the development of this region. During the study period (from 2015 to 2021), the foreign trade turnover of the Altai Territory increased from 927.8 to 1828.90 million US dollars, respectively. In turn, net exports showed mixed dynamics with a 9.9 % drop in 2016 due to lower prices for hydrocarbon energy carriers and a signifi cant drop in 2020 (29.4 %) due to the impact of the coronavirus pandemic. It should be noted that, in addition to other foreign trade indicators, we analyzed the export-import coverage ratio, which shows how many times the region’s exports exceed its imports. Based on the results of the analysis, it was revealed that the export-to-import coverage ratio had multidirectional dynamics. So, in the period from 2015 to 2017, there was a drop in the designated indicator from 250 to 199 %, then in 2019 this indicator in the Altai Territory reached its maximum value of 229.71. Then, by 2021, there was a sharp decrease in the value of this indicator to the level of 168.61 %, which indicates the preservation of a positive trade balance throughout the entire study period.
PEMBERDAYAAN PEER GROUP REMAJA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN KESELAMATAN BERKENDARA MELALUI MEDIA VIDEO DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PASIRKALIKI
Authors: Rizqi M. Aris , Setiawan Ridwan , Herdhianta Dhimas
Published: December 2023

Era globalisasi menuntut masyarakat modern melakukan aktivitas kehidupannya dengan mobilitas yang tinggi. Mobilitas yang tinggi tersebut mendorong meningkatnya kepadatan lalu lintas yang semakin meningkat. Kecelakaan lalu lintas jalan raya merupakan permasalahan yang semakin lama menjadi semakin majemuk dan semakin serius. Safety riding merupakan upaya berkendara dimana lebih memperhatikan keselamatan pengendara dan pengguna jalan lain yang dilakukan untuk mengurangi kecelakaan dan akibat dari kecelakaan lalu lintas. Pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan penerapan teknologi menjadi salah satu upaya untuk memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat terkait pentingnya keselamatan berkendara. Tujuan program kemitraan masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja di wilayah kerja puskesmas Pasirkaliki kota Bandung terkait dengan keselamatan berkendara dengan membentuk remaja peduli berkendara. Waktu pelaksaanan kegiatan PKM ini direncanakan 14 kali pertemuan, dengan target adanya peningkatan pengetahuan tentang keselamatan berkendara. Luaran dari kegiatan ini yaitu video edukasi dan Jurnal.
Two worlds of choral dramaturgy of G. Meyerbeer’s “Robert le Diable”
Authors: Kyseliova Tetiana
Published: December 2023

Statement of the problem. Recognized as a masterpiece of romantic art, G. Meyerbeer’s five-act ”grand” opera, due to its genre specificity, demonstrates brilliant examples of the use of choral scenes, which carry an important mean and emotional load in the opera. We can talk about the presence of choral dramaturgy in the work, which vividly embodies the idea of romantic “two-worldliness” expressed in the confrontation between Good and evil, real, human, and unreal, otherworldly ones. Objectives, methods and novelty of the research. The purpose of this study is to reveal the essence of the conflict between the real and the unreal in the choral drama of G. Meyerbeer’s opera “Robert le Diable”. The systematic approach to the study of the choral layer of the opera conditioned the application of genre, intonation-dramaturgical, structural-functional, and contextual types of analysis. The genre affiliation of G. Meyerber’s opera, its connections with lyrical tragedy and romantic drama attracted the attention of researchers (Everist, 1994; Sakalo, 2017; De Van, 1996, and other), as well as the symbolic richness of the opera (Pendle, 1979; Zolotariova, 2018, etc.) associated with its legendary a medieval plot adapted to the opera stage by the best librettists of the 19th century, however, the choral component of the opera in chosen aspect has not been studied in detail. For the first time in domestic musicology, the choral scenes of G. Meyerbeer’s opera were examined with the determination of the dramatic functions of the choir and focusing attention on the embodiment of two opposite “worlds” through the peculiarities of the choral dramaturgy. Research results and conclusion. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that the “two worlds” of the choral dramaturgy of G. Meyerbeer’s opera “Robert the Devil” visualize the main conflict of the work – the opposition of the Divine and demonic principles, and the use of “nvisible” (located behind the scenes) choirs emphasizes the two dimensionality of the artistic space of the opera and allows not stop stage action in choral scenes. Choirs bear a significant dramaturgical load at each stage of the development of the opera action and convincingly embody the most important feature of the plot of the opera – multiple intersections of the real and the unreal relying on the combination of the principles of contrast, suiteness, symphonism in the unfolding of opera and choral drama. The choral component in G. Meyerbeer’s opera “Robert the Devil” is represented in almost all its functional diversity and richness of gradations, from effectiveness to contemplation, and is an active carrier of the ideological and plot content of the opera.
Big Data and Pharmaceutical Industry: Applications and Priorities
Authors: Ronaghi Mohammad Hossein , Kamjoo Naeemeh
Published: December 2023

Background. Hospitals, patients, researchers, and healthcare organizations are producing enormous amounts of data in both the healthcare and drug detection sectors. With continued development of cheap data storage and availability of smart devices in the world, the influence of big data (BD) will continue to grow. This influence has also carried over to healthcare. The volumes of data available in the fields of pharmacology, toxicology, and pharmaceutics are constantly increasing. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the applications of big data technology in the field of pharmaceutics. Methods. Using the mixed methods approach, this study was conducted in two phases in winter 2023. In the first phase, the applications of big data technology were identified by library search and assessed by content analysis. In the second phase, applications were ranked by a panel of experts, including 17 experts who worked in the Iranian pharmaceutical industry. The stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) method was used for ranking the application of big data in pharmaceutics. Results. The present study examined the importance of big data applications in pharmaceutics. The results showed that drug discovery (0.263) and clinical study analysis (0.224) had the highest importance, followed by drug efficacy and performance (0.197), drug safety (0.170) and drug personalization (0.146). Conclusion. The present study detailed a substantial attempt to review the existing literature regarding the implementation of big data and to rank big data applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Big data can help researchers to better discover and develop drugs and understand the effects of drugs and other chemicals on the human body. As a result, it can help improve the safety and efficacy of drugs and other chemicals. Also, big data can help to improve the accuracy of predictions regarding the effects of drugs and chemicals, which can improve safety in drug development and help to avoid potential adverse drug interactions. The applications considered in this study are ultimately necessary for humanity, and big data may significantly impact the betterment of these domains. Big data has a revolutionary potential, providing new ways to understand and predict the effects of drugs. BD will possibly play an important role in pharmaceutics in future, critically helping to drug discovery and improve drug safety and efficacy.
Про одне узагальнення еволюційних алгоритмів
Authors: Літвінчук Юлія Анатоліївна
Published: December 2023

У реальному світі існує безліч сценаріїв оптимізації з великою кількістю обмежень та цільових функцій, які за своєю природою є розривними, нелінійними, невипуклими та мультимодальними. Крім того, задачі оптимізації є багатовимірними зі змішаними типами змінних, такими як цілі, дійсні, дискретні, двійкові, та мають різний діапазон значень, що вимагає нормалізації. Отже, простір пошуку задачі не завжди може бути гладким. Таким чином, еволюційні алгоритми почали використовуватися і розвиватися в обчислювальних процесах та вирішенні складних інженерних завдань, а також у методах штучного інтелекту. У запропонованій роботі розглянуто сукупність методів оцінки оптимальних параметрів тренувальних функцій з використанням еволюційних та генетичних алгоритмів пошуку в порівнянні з розширеним CMA-ES-алгоритмом. Проаналізовано метаевристичні алгоритми оптимізації ALO, ABCO, GA, PSO та класичний CMA-ES, які ґрунтуються на поведінці живих організмів в реальних природних середовищах. Для аналізу використано метод Монте–Карло, який дає можливість зробити висновки про розподіл кількості обчислень цільової функції. В роботi також запропоновано розширення алгоритму CMA-ES з використанням сумiшей нормальних розподiлiв з невизначеною величиною розмірності суміші та з відомим базовим розподілом для оцінки оптимальних значень відомих тестових функцій. Розроблений алгоритм побудовано за припущенням багатопiковостi розподiлу параметрiв складних систем, у тому числі гіперпараметрів нейронних мереж та параметрів стохастичних диференціальних рівнянь. Дослідження показують, що з ростом кількості піків для розширеного CMA-ES-алгоритму кількість звернень до цільової функції спадає і тим самим підтверджує ефективність запропонованого розширеного алгоритму CMA-ES. Однак для малої розмірності  вибір великої кількості піків є недоцільним. Дані властивості свідчать про існування взаємозалежності між розмірністю початкової задачі та кількістю вибраних піків.
Модель та метод визначення показників утворення небезпечного середовища при аваріях на обʼєктах з перегрітою рідиною
Authors: Лифар Володимир Олексійович , Лифар Олена Костянтинівна
Published: December 2023

Інформаційна технологія, що розробляється в системі підтримки прийняття рішень при керуванні техногенним ризиком промислових обʼєктів підвищеної небезпеки, вимагає розробки детермінованих моделей, завдяки яким можна визначати розрахункові показники процесів утворення аварій, формування небезпечного середовища, реалізації явищ, що мають вражаючі фактори для людей, матеріальних обʼєктів, та стохастичних моделей, які дозволяють визначити ймовірність сценаріїв виникнення та розвитку аварій. У роботі представлена одна з моделей, що дозволяє вирахувати основні небезпечні параметри при пароутворенні перегрітих рідин та зріджених газів, що зберігаються ізотермічно або знаходяться під тиском, більшим за атмосферний. При цьому необхідно враховувати, що суміш перегрітої рідини може бути багатокомпонентною. Окремі компоненти суміші мають різні температури кипіння, критичні показники пароутворення та тиск насиченої пари. Оскільки процеси пароутворення по обʼєму рідини проходять дуже швидко, немає необхідності враховувати динаміку процесу. Необхідно визначити кількість речовини, що переходить у газову фазу з рідкої для кожної компоненти, та розрахувати закінчення процесу бурхливого пароутворення перегрітої рідини. Кінцева температура кипіння суміші визначається, коли сумарний тиск насиченої пари стає нижчим атмосферного. Модель заснована на врахуванні першого початку термодинаміки та законів Рауля. Обґрунтований теоретичний підхід дає можливість створити розрахункову схему, що працює в межах області визначення. Перевірка розрахунків та верифікація моделі підтверджують область її використання. Модель має самостійну цінність та може використовуватися будь-яким фахівцем для визначення кількості парової фази, що утворюється при викиді багатокомпонентних перегрітих рідин або зріджених газів.
Kajian Praktis Karakteristik Jiwa Seorang Pemimpin Berdasarkan Filsafat Tiga Unsur Jiwa Manusia Plato
Authors: Pute Jimmi Pindan , Pute Hengki Pindan , Palembangan Piter
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Leadership is a process that has the elements of moving, influencing, motivating and being able to become a role model for others, which is carried out by a driver called a leader. The aim of this research is to find out how the practical study of a leader is based on Plato's view of the Three Human Souls. Another aim is to find out how a leader makes sense (ratio) of soul and body in carrying out his duties as a leader. The method used by the author is a qualitative method with reference sources such as books, articles and relevant internet sources. The approach used by the author is to look at Plato's views regarding the three souls leadership model. Apart from that, to complete this work the author uses several reference sources from other theories. The results of this research show that the characteristics of a leader according to Plato are leaders who are able to be a driving force in carrying out their duties and responsibilities, who must prioritize the logistics part of the soul which will lead to wisdom. Being a leader does not mean having to ignore biological needs and the desire to be the best and be recognized by others, but must remain under the control of reason and thought, so that everything can run well, thereby creating harmony.
Keywords: Body, Leadership, Ratio, Soul.
 
Abstrak: Kepemimpinan merupakan proses yang memiliki usur menggerakkan, mempengaruhi, memotivasi dan mampu menjadi panutan bagi orang lain, yang dijalankan oleh sang penggerak yang disebut pemimpin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan bagaimana kajian praktis dari seorang pemimpin berdasarkan pandangan Plato tentang Three Jiwa Manusia. Tujuan lainnya adalah untuk menemukan bagaimana seorang pemimpin dalam menjadikan akal (rasio) jiwa dan tubuh dalam menjalankan tugas sebagai pemimpin. Adapun metode yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah metode kualitatif dengan sumber rujukan kepustakaan seperti buku, artikel dan sumber internet yang relevan. Pendekatan yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah dengan melihat pandangan dari Plato mengenai model kepemimpinan dalam tiga jiwa. Selain itu, untuk melengkapi karya tersebut penulis menggunakan beberapa sumber rujukan dari teori lainnya. Hasil dari penelitian tersebut bahwa karakteristik seorang pemimpin menurut Plato adalah pemimpin yang mampu menjadi penggerak dalam melaksanakan tugas dan tanggung jawabnya, harus mengutamakan bagian jiwa logistikon yang akan membawa pada kebijaksanaan. Pemimpin bukan berarti harus mengabaikan kebutuhan biologis dan hasrat untuk menjadi yang terbaik dan diakui oleh orang lain, tetapi harus tetap berada di bawa kontrol akal dan pikiran, agar semua dapat berjalan dengan baik, sehingga tercipta keharmonisan.
Kata kunci: Jiwa,Kepemimpinan, Rasio, tubuh
CULTURAL BARRIERS IN GROWTH AND PARENTING PATTERNS CHILDREN AND POLICY ALTERNATIVES IN EFFORTS STUNTING PREVENTION
Authors: Fitri Aina - , Riansyah Ferdi -
Published: December 2023

Stunting is still a major problem in Indonesia. A culture that is strong enough in children's growth and development and parenting patterns influences health behavior which will have an impact on health status. The aim of this research is to determine cultural barriers to children's growth and development and parenting patterns as well as alternative policies in efforts to prevent stunting in Aceh. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological design, data collection using in-depth interviews with seven participants with inclusion criteria mothers with stunted toddlers, able to communicate well, cooperative, willing to be informants in this research. The research was conducted in August-November 2023. Data analysis uses Inductive Content Analysis methods. The results have five themes, namely non-exclusive breastfeeding, not providing immunizations, inappropriate provision of MP-ASI, lack of use of health facilities and policy alternatives. Based on the research results, it is recommended that cultural barriers and parenting styles towards stunting prevention behavior require a multidimensional approach such as the government and the wider community involving families, local communities, health workers and health services to overcome barriers to stunting prevention behavior. Keywords: Culture; Growth and Development; Parenting Patterns; Stunting
Hubungan Antara Self-Esteem dengan Workplace Bullying pada Karyawan PT. Cahaya Murni Andalas
Authors: Khairiyah Ummil , Dena Ilham Bagus , Dewinda Herio Rizki
Published: December 2023

Human resources are important in a company. Companies generally employ employees according to their respective capacities. Being an employee requires someone to adapt in the workplace, because they are sometimes placed in various divisions that require cooperation and good relationships with other people. However, workplace bullying also often occurs by co-workers or other seniors, so this is an important thing that must also be paid attention to, because it can hinder many things, including the performance of employees who experience this. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-esteem and workplace bullying among PT. Cahaya Murni Andalas Padang. The independent variable in this study is self-esteem while the dependent variable is workplace bullying. The measuring tools used in this study are the self-esteem scale and the workplace bullying scale. The sampling technique in this study used a saturated sampling technique. The sample in this study were 108 employees of PT. Cahaya Murni Andalas Padang. Test the validity and reliability in this study using Alpha Cronbach technique. The results of the validity coefficient on the self-esteem scale move from rix=0.327 to rix=0.783 with a reliability coefficient value of α=0.914 while the results of the validity coefficient on the workplace bullying scale move from rix=0.393 to rix =0.782 with a reliability coefficient value of α=0.927. Based on data analysis, a correlation value of -0.663 was obtained with a significance level of 0.000, which means that the hypothesis is accepted. This shows that there is a strong and significant relationship between self-esteem and workplace bullying among PT. Cahaya Murni Andalas Padang.
Kur’ân’da Kefâ Kelimesi ve Allah-Kul İlişkisine Dair Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ÇİÇEK Hacı
Published: December 2023

İslâm inancında Allah’a iman konusu önemli olduğu kadar, Allah’a güvenme ve onun sonsuz güç ve kudretine sığınma da o kadar önemlidir. Çünkü Allah, mümin kimsenin dünyasında her konuda güç ve otorite sahibi yegâne varlıktır. Kişinin günlük hayatta gerçekleşen söz konusu bütün aktiviteleri, sadece Allah’a ait olan “Ve kefâ billâhi vekîlâ” (Vekil olarak Allah yeter) gerçeği ile hayat bulmaktadır. Kur’ân-ı Kerim, önceki müşrik toplumlarda çeşitli şekillerde sıkıntı yaşayan peygamberler ve müminlerin, Allah tarafından nasıl desteklendiklerini ve korunduklarını bildirmiştir. Özellikle günümüzde seküler eğitimin etkisinde kalan bazı insanların “deist” davranışlar ekseninde hareket etmeleri dikkati çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada Allah’ın kullarına yeteceği haberi ele alınmış, kefâ kelimesi ve ona müradif kavramlar analiz edilmiş; Allah’ın, kendisine güvenen kimseye kol kanat gereceğine işaret eden ayetler değerlendirilmiştir.
Bir Üçüncü Basamak Hastanenin Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde Ventilatör İlişkili Pnömoni Önleme Demetlerinin Ventilatör İlişkili Olay Oranlarına Etkisi
Authors: ERDEM Gokhan , ÜNAL Dilek
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Ventilatör ilişkili pnömoni (VİP) önlem demetlerine uyum ile VİP insidansının azaldığı gösterilmiştir. Ancak bu demetlerin Ventilatör ilişkili olay (VİO) insidansına olan etkisi hala tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bir eğitim araştırma hastanesinin yoğun bakım ünitelerinde (YBÜ) belirli bir dönemdeki VİO insidansı ve VİP önleme demetine uyumun araştırılmasıdır.
Materyal ve metod: Bu çalışma, üçüncü basamak bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin YBÜ’ lerinde Nisan - Haziran 2019 arasında VİO insidansı ve VİP önleme demetlerine uyumun araştırıldığı prospektif gözlemsel bir vaka kontrol çalışmasıdır. VİP önleme demeti oluşturuldu; VİO insidansı ise 2013 Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Hastalık Kontrol ve Önleme Merkezi (CDC) sürveyans kriterlerine göre belirlendi. Hasta özelliklerinin ve YBÜ’ lerdeki hasta dağılımının ve VİO gelişimi üzerine etkileri araştırıldı.
Bulgular: Araştırma 98 hasta ile tamamlandı. VİP önleme demetlerine uyum oranının YBÜ’ ler arasında %65 ile %85 arasında değiştiği saptandı. VİP önleme demetine uyumdaki her %10 azalmanın VİO gelişme riskini artırdığı diğer önemli risk faktörleri ile gösterildi.
Sonuç: Hastanemiz YBÜ’ lerinde 2013 CDC kriterlerine göre VIO insidansı %20,4’tür. VIO gelişme riski, VİP önleme demetine düşük uyum, hasta özellikleri ve YBÜ tedavilerinden kaynaklanan birçok faktör ile artmaktadır. YBÜ’ lerinde VİP önlem demetlerine uyum bakımından farklılıklar konu ile ilgili eğitim faaliyetlerinin gerekliliğini göstermektedir.