bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping the Route of Paul’s ‘Second Missionary Journey’ from Dorylaeum to Troas
Authors: Jewett Robert
Published: January 2022

The road ‘down to Troas’ (Acts 16:8) has never been thoroughly investigated. An overland route of 400-450 kilometers through the highlands east of Troas is proposed, linking a number of Roman cities, towns and mining sites whose locations have been identified but whose roadways have not yet been documented. Historical studies and archaeological reports in Turkish, European, and American journals are surveyed to suggest the plausibility of this route. Whether such a route in fact existed in Paul’s time needs to be investigated by an archaeological expedition specifically aimed at discovering the road network in northwestern Anatolia.
Reading Ecclesiastes ‘Epilogically’
Authors: Shead Andrew G.
Published: January 2022

The epilogue of Ecclesiastes tells the reader how to understand the book, but at first sight its summary is far off the mark. However the epilogue does display a surprising degree of lexical and thematic uniformity with the body of the book, and when its message is taken seriously as a guide to reading, the results are both coherent and compelling. This article is an appeal to modern readers to treat the epilogist with more respect.
What Happens to Ms Babylon in Isaiah 47, Why, and Who Says So?
Authors: Goldingay John
Published: January 2022

In Isaiah 47 Ms Babylon is punished not for promiscuity or other sexual misdemeanour but for a failure in her womanhood which lies in a failure of womanly compassion. She is punished not by rape or sexual humiliation but by her reduction from a position of royal authority to one of domestic servanthood.
Dionysus Against the Crucified: Nietzsche Contra Christianity, Part 1
Authors: Williams Stephen N.
Published: January 2022

This is the first part of a two-part study of Nietzsche and Christianity. Nietzsche’s phrase ‘Dionysus against the Crucified’ is used as a kind of text for the articles. ‘Dionysus’ is the principle of life: raw, tragic, joyful, but real, subject to no extraneous principle. ‘The Crucified’ is the principle of death: anti-natural, symbolising consciousness of sin and foreboding authority of God, imposing a morbid principle on life. This part is strictly descriptive and although it outlines some elements in Nietzsche’s philosophy, it suggests that philosophy as such will not provide an adequate response.
Unity or Diversity in Wisdom Theology? A Canonical and Covenantal Perspective
Authors: Schultz Richard
Published: January 2022

Recent publications on Old Testament wisdom literature perpetuate the theory of a ‘crisis in wisdom’ and leave unresolved the question of its provenance within Old Testament theology. Despite considerable diversity within the wisdom corpus, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Job are in basic agreement regarding wisdom’s limitations and benefits, as well as regarding divine freedom and retribution. Thus a case can be made for unity in wisdom theology, a theology which is rooted in Israel’s covenant faith and in its creation traditions. The intertextual relationships between the wisdom corpus and the other Old Testament books indicate that this tradition has been consciously integrated into the larger Old Testament canon.
Binding Obligations in Romans 13:7: A Semantic Field and Social Context
Authors: Coleman Thomas M.
Published: January 2022

Insufficient attention has been given to the meaning of the four distinctive terms used in Romans 13:7: ‘tribute’ (φόρος), ‘tax’ (τέλος), ‘reverence’ (φόβος), and ‘honour’ (τιμή). This article will discuss these terms in relation to the Graeco-Roman semantic field of political obligation, dividing them into the categories of ‘tangible’ obligations (tribute and tax) and ‘intangible’ obligations (reverence and honour). We will also examine Romans 13:7 in light of the social context of the Neronean era, in which there was an increasing burden of taxation and the introduction of legal penalties for failure to show due reverence and honour to those in authority.
Historical Crisis and Cosmic Crisis in Mark 13 and Lucan’s Civil War
Authors: Adams Edward
Published: January 2022

This article suggests that the association of the fall of Jerusalem and the consummation of the age in Mark 13 finds a parallel in the linkage of the collapse of the Roman Republic and the collapse of the cosmos in Lucan’s Civil War. Both texts, it is proposed, link a historical catastrophe with the end of the world/age in broadly similar ways.
Healing by a Mere Touch as a Christian Concept
Authors: Lalleman Pieter J.
Published: January 2022

On the basis of Otto Weinreich’s Antike Heilungswunder (1909), it is generally thought that the idea that a simple touch can have healing power originated with the Greeks. The present essay argues, however, that this concept is proper to the Gospels and to texts dependent on them. There are no Greek cases of such healings before the rise of Christianity. Before Christ, the concept of healing by a mere touch occurs only in one isolated case, viz. the Genesis Apocryphon from Qumran.
On Introducing Gods to Athens: An Alternative Reading of Acts 17:18-20
Authors: Winter Bruce W.
Published: January 2022

Acts 17:18 records that some Athenians perceived Paul to be a ‘herald of strange gods’ because of his evangelistic activity in the Agora. This essay examines the conventions surrounding a ‘herald’s’ official introduction of new deities into the Athenian Pantheon, throwing further light on Paul’s Areopagus address and suggesting an alternative translation of Acts 17:19-20.
Mark 16:1-8: The Empty Tomb of a Hero?
Authors: Bolt Peter G.
Published: January 2022

Hamilton (using Bickermann) has suggested that in antiquity a Hero was proven to be such by means of an empty grave. This view, however, needs to be reevaluated in the light of the ‘empty tombs’ associated with Heroes and the ‘tombs’ associated with some of those reputed to have been translated. This evidence is compared to Mark’s portrayal of Jesus’ empty tomb to show that it is neither the empty tomb of a Hero, nor of one who has been translated (as has been contended), but of one who has been raised from the dead.
Amos 7:14: A Case of Subtle Irony
Authors: Viberg Åke
Published: January 2022

Amos 7:14 is a key verse for the understanding of Israelite prophecy. Among the unresolved issues relating to this verse is the question whether the nominal clauses should be translated with a present or a past tense. Neither of these alternatives seems to have proved convincing, and therefore we should raise the more fundamental questions as to how the prophet is using language. It is argued that his statement only becomes intelligible when we acknowledge that he is using irony. Amos perceived an ideological gap between his grand vision of YHWH’s reign and the reality of his people’s situation, and was able to bridge this gap through his use of irony.
‘Father’ Imagery in 2 Corinthians 1-9 and Jewish Paternal Tradition
Authors: Myrick Anthony A.
Published: January 2022

The metaphor of ‘father’ played a significant role in the pastoral practice of Paul. There is evidence that a major line of Paul’s use of paternal imagery can be reliably traced back into the Old Testament and early Jewish tradition, namely the correction of his converts in 2 Corinthians 1-9. This finding suggests that Paul appears to owe much more to his ancient Jewish environment for his use of the paternal metaphor than has often been assumed, and sheds light on the nature and importance of Paul’s fatherly correction in his pastoral care of the Corinthian community.
The Early History of the Psalter
Authors: Beckwith Roger T.
Published: January 2022

The Psalms are full of references to music, Jerusalem and the sanctuary. Chronicles, Ezra and Nehemiah say they were being performed there by the Levites, and the titles (which have a marked community of ideas and language with those books, though without dependence) endorse this. The division into five books pre-dates the LXX version, but there are many indications, in the text and titles, of a still earlier division into three. The meaning of the musical directions and other technical terms in the titles had been forgotten, in Semitic circles as well as Hellenistic, before the LXX version was made. Since, after the Exile, the Psalms were being performed continuously, this suggests that the titles are even pre-exilic. The final component of the titles has its own history. The eccentric Psalms MSS from Qumran are probably liturgical adaptations.

The article is followed by a tabular analysis of the psalm-titles.
Why Barzillai of Gilead (1 Kings 2:7)?: Narrative Art and the Hermeneutics of Suspicion in 1 Kings 1-2
Authors: Provan Iain W.
Published: January 2022

Even if one remains uneasy about the precise direction in which much recent scholarship on biblical narrative has been moving, it is the case that much can be learned from the kind of approaches which have been developed. This paper argues, for example, that the author of 1 Kings 1-2 invites the reader to employ a ‘hermeneutic of suspicion’ in relation to his story by the artful way in which he tells it; and that the employment of such a hermeneutic enables a deeper grasp of what the story is about than would otherwise be possible.
Post-Mortem Evangelism: A Response to R. R. Cook
Authors: Gray Tony
Published: January 2022

Robert Cook has recently presented an examination of the notion of post-mortem evangelism as found in the writings of Clark Pinnock, an examination which declared Pinnock’s position to be internally consistent. This article questions both Pinnock’s position and Cook’s analysis, on the grounds that it appears impossible to make sense of what it means for a sinner to choose hell. It is also suggested that this is part of a larger failure on the part of theodicy to understand the radical nature of evil.
Pauline Theology or Pauline Tradition in the Pastoral Epistles: The Question of Method
Authors: Towner Philip H.
Published: January 2022

This article re-examines the common positioning of the Pastoral Epistles at the transition from second to third generation Christianity. While there is validity in recognising theological development in the Pastoral Epistles, this need not be explained in terms of late discontinuity with Pauline theology; unnecessary methodological assumptions lie behind such a view. It is more likely that the Pastoral Epistles develop Pauline theology at the juncture of first and second generation Christianity.
Blind Alleys in the Controversy over the Paul of History
Authors: Seifrid Mark A.
Published: January 2022

E.P. Sanders’ reading of Paul against the backdrop of ‘covenantal nomism’ is badly flawed, since it obscures Paul’s coming to understand the cross as working the justification of the ungodly. Two important extensions of Sanders’ paradigm also fail to illumine Paul in his context. ‘Works of the Law’ are not simply ethnic boundaries, as J.D.G. Dunn claims, but marks of piety as well. N.T. Wright’s proposal that Christ provided the solution to Paul’s experience of exile reverses the manner in which exilic language appears in Paul’s letters. Contrary to the common assumption, Luther’s theology of the cross and justification is not barren or irrelevant, and more closely accords with Paul than recent attempts to understand him.
Early Christianity in Transjordan
Authors: Van Elderen Bastiaan
Published: January 2022

Considerable archaeological field work is currently being conducted in the area of the Decapolis, including the author’s involvement in the excavations of Abila. This article reviews the few references to northern Transjordan in the New Testament and the references in early Christian literature which suggest that Jewish Christianity flourished in Transjordan in the early Christian centuries. Archaeological evidence indicates a rich floruit of Byzantine Christianity in Transjordan. A study of literary allusions relating to this area and the current archaeological work promise new light on this little-known phase of early Christianity.
The Imagery of Birth Pangs in the New Testament
Authors: Gempf Conrad
Published: January 2022

It is perhaps surprising that in the patriarchal culture of first century Palestine, male teachers such as Jesus and Paul should speak or write to ostensibly predominantly male audiences using as an image a pain that has never been felt by males. The reason for this particular image is often presumed to be that birth pangs are a pain that lead to a positive result, but, especially given the Old Testament use of the image, this is unlikely to be the primary meaning for the image. Alternatives are explored: birth pangs, as well as being a ‘productive’ pain, are an ‘intense’ pain, a ‘helpless’ pain, and a ‘cyclical’ pain that once begun must run its course.
In Order There to Find God: Kierkegaard and Objective Revelation
Authors: Tallach John
Published: January 2022

Kierkegaard is widely regarded as having no time for the objective, with all that this would imply for his view of God’s revelation of himself. This article suggests that Kierkegaard’s rejection of the objective will be misunderstood unless it is placed within the context of his debate with Hegelian rationalism. This suggestion is then brought to bear on how Kierkegaard has been interpreted by Don Cupitt and by Robert Adams. There is a brief final section on the Kierkegaardian principle that the truth is personal.
Entertaining Angels: Their Place in Contemporary Theology
Authors: Osborn Lawrence
Published: January 2022

Taking as its starting point a survey of Karl Barth’s angelology, this essay explores the potential role of angelology in contemporary orthodox theology. It outlines a possible structure for angelology by presenting angels in terms of both their function (as ministering spirits) and being (as inhabitants of heaven understood as a dimension of creation). The essay indicates various roles for angelology: as a defence of the mystery of creation and its openness to God; as a possible element in dialogue with post-materialism (particularly in its New Age manifestations); and as an aspect of contemporary Christian spirituality.
Is Universalism an Implication of the Notion of Post-Mortem Evangelism?
Authors: Cook R. R.
Published: January 2022

As an exercise in philosophical theology rather than biblical exegesis this article probes the rational consistency of the position held by C. Pinnock that both accepts the idea of a post-mortem evangelism which would provide maximum opportunity for each person to turn to God and thus find complete fulfilment and happiness, and yet also contends that nevertheless not everyone will choose to be saved. Through an analysis of why people reject Christ in this life it is concluded that Pinnock is in fact consistent although his arguments need strengthening.
The Entries and Ethics of Orators and Paul (1 Thessalonians 2:1-12)
Authors: Winter Bruce W.
Published: January 2022

Did Paul take cognizance of the ‘entry’ conventions and the professional behaviour associated with the highly skilled and much admired public orators of his day? In 1 Thessalonians 2:1-12 he recounts the nature of his original ‘entry’ to Thessalonica. His autobiographical account is framed in the light of the ‘entry’ protocol and is also contrasted with the ethics of first century orators and sophists. Paul’s concern is that his original ‘entry’ and projected re-entry might be perceived by Thessalonian Christians in these secular categories.
The Farewell Discourse of the Evangelist John and its Jewish Heritage
Authors: Bammel Ernst
Published: January 2022

Consideration of the Gattung of the Jewish Farewell Speeches shows that the Johannine discourse (apart from 13:1ff) belongs to this genre, which exercised its influence on other parts of the Gospel as well. Materially it is different; the standing features of the Jewish speeches are reworked completely. This is indicated by eight points of comparison. The Farewell Discourses happened to be replaced very soon by the Christian genre of the Speeches of the resurrected Lord. Still, they stand out as a remarkable theological achievement accomplished within a very short span of time.
Did Jesus Ever Teach in Greek?
Authors: Porter Stanley E.
Published: January 2022

This paper argues—against the general scholarly consensus–that Jesus not only had sufficient linguistic competence to converse with others in Greek but also even to teach in Greek during his ministry. After an introduction to the possible languages of Jesus (Aramaic, Hebrew and Greek), the evidence for the widespread use of Greek, especially in Galilee, is examined: the role of Greek as the lingua franca of the Graeco-Roman world; the geographic and epigraphic-literary evidence for Greek in Lower Galilee and Palestine; and Jesus’ use of Greek according to the New Testament. Several significant New Testament passages are examined, including Jesus’ trial before Pilate and Jesus’ discussion with his disciples at Caesarea Philippi, along with several others.
Worship and Ethics in Romans 12
Authors: Peterson David
Published: January 2022

What is the link between worship and ethics in Romans 12? Käsemann rather too easily proposes that the mystical tradition of Hellenism is the main inspiration for Paul’s thinking and ignores the biblical theological background to Paul’s argument and the wider context of Romans. The first two verses of Romans 12 proclaim a reversal of the downward spiral depicted in Romans 1. A new kind of service to God is made possible by the saving work of Jesus. Renewal of the mind is a critical aspect of this, enabling Christians to discern the will of God and do it. Paul does not present a system of casuistry in the rest of Romans but various exhorations and examples consistent with the fundamental perspectives of 12:1-2.
Not So Idle Thoughts about EIDOLOTHUTON
Authors: Witherington Ben III
Published: January 2022

It is commonly assumed that εἰδωλόθυτον is a polemical term created by early Jews to refer to meat sacrificed to a pagan god. An exhaustive search of the data in the TLG and in the papyri casts doubts on this hypothesis. All of the references to εἰδωλόθυτον in the sources are found in Christian texts, with two exceptions; and both of these exceptions may have been influenced by Christian redaction. In any case, it appears that neither of these texts antedates the Corinthian correspondence. Thus, this term may have originated in early Jewish Christianity. A study of all the NT references to εἰδωλόθυτον reveals that this term in the early period was distinguishable from ἱερόθυτον (sacred food), and that it meant meat sacrificed to and eaten in the presence of an idol, or in the temple precincts. Numerous reference to εἰδωλόθυτον in the Greek Fathers show that Chrysostom and others understood this to be the meaning of the term in Acts 15 and in other contexts. Several possible implications of the above are: (1) the Decree in Acts 15 is about Gentiles refraining from meals and immorality in pagan temples, not about them keeping a modicum of Jewish, or Noachic food laws; (2) 1 Cor. 8-10 reflects Paul’s acceptance and implementation of the Decree; (3) Galatians was written before the Decree and reflects the struggle that led to the Decree; (4) Paul and James were in basic agreement in regard to what Gentiles needed to do to maintain table fellowship with Jewish Christians—avoid pagan feasts and immorality. Neither imposed circumcision or food laws on Gentiles. The latter was the position of the Judaising faction in the Jerusalem Church who were more conservative than James, Peter, or Paul. As C. Hill’s recent ‘Hellenists and Hebrews’ shows, F.C. Baur’s view of early Christianity is no longer adequate.
The Orthodoxy of the 'Q’ Sayings of Jesus
Authors: Meadors Edward P.
Published: January 2022

Many recent studies of ‘Q’ presuppose that it reflects a ‘variant’ or ‘second sphere’ of primitive Christianity which was not influenced by the preaching of the cross. This assumption is misleading, however, because Jesus’ sayings, as represented in Q, are fully compatible in content with their synoptic contexts. The lack of allusions in Q to Jesus’ death and resurrection reflect the historical span of time in the early to middle stages of his ministry when the sayings were originally voiced. Neither Matthew, Mark, nor Luke contain full-blown early church doctrines of the atonement, therefore, Q does not contradict its synoptic environment
Israel and the Nations: An Essay in Biblical Theology
Authors: Scobie Charles H. H.
Published: January 2022

The theme of the relation of God’s chosen people Israel to the other nations of humankind constitutes a test case for ‘Biblical Theology’: is it possible to produce a synthesis of the apparently diverse Old Testament and New Testament materials? Israel relates to other peoples in the Old Testament in two ways: historically, through incorporation, and eschatologically, through the ingathering of the Gentiles. It is the Old Testament eschatological expectation which provides the clue to understanding the New Testament theology of mission to the Gentiles, as with the Christ Event the new age is inaugurated. This approach is illustrated through study of the Old Testament theme of ‘The Tribute of the Nations’ in three New Testament books.
The Jewish Calendar, A Lunar Eclipse and the Date of Christ’s Crucifixion
Authors: Humphreys Colin J. , Waddington W. G.
Published: January 2022

Astronomical calculations have been used to reconstruct the Jewish calendar in the first century AD and to date a lunar eclipse that biblical and other references suggest followed the Crucifixion. The evidence points to Friday 3 April AD 33 as the date of the Crucifixion. This was Nisan 14 in the official Jewish calendar, thus Christ died at precisely the time when the Passover lambs were slain. The date 3 April AD 33 is consistent with the evidence for the start of Jesus’ ministry, with the gospel reference to 46 years to build the temple and with the symbolism of Christ as our Passover lamb. The mention of a solar eclipse at the Crucifixion in some texts of Luke is discussed and explained. A new chronology of the life of Christ is suggested.
In Search of a Pharisee
Authors: de Lacey D. R.
Published: January 2022

Although much criticised recently, the picture of First-Century Judaism as dominated by Pharisaic legalism still predominates even in major recent studies and standard works. J. Neusner has attempted an alternative model for understanding the Pharisees, which has in turn been criticised by E.P. Sanders. This study illustrates the problem, examines the debate and argues that the major issue in reconstructing pharisaism is lack of sensitivity to the nature of the source-texts. A refinement of Neusner’s model is proposed as more in accord with the evidence we have.
The Ethical Authority of the Old Testament: A Survey of Approaches. Part II
Authors: Wright Christopher J. H.
Published: January 2022

Current mainline evangelical approaches to Old Testament ethics are represented by the work of Kaiser and Goldingay, for whom the authority of the text has to be applied by the use of derived moral principles. The article then proceeds to critique both dispensationalism, which severely relativizes the Old Testament, and theonomism, which affirms its continuing validity in the civil realm. After brief mention of the approaches of Messianic Judaism and the Jubilee Centre, the author summarizes the assumptions and methodology of his own paradigmatic approach.
Acts and the Historical Monograph
Authors: Palmer Darryl W.
Published: January 2022

Despite other recent suggestions, Acts deserves consideration as a ‘historical monograph’. The modern phrase denotes a historical writing, which deals with a limited issue or period and may also be limited in length. In ancient discussion Polybius contrasts the historical monograph with his universal history. Sallust writes Roman history ‘selectively’. Cicero’s correspondence reveals his concept of various features of the historical monograph. Acts qualifies as a short historical monograph: it deals with a limited issue and period in a single volume; and, like Sallusts’s historical monographs, contains a prologue, narrative, speeches, quoted letters and even a historical survey. The subject-matter is unprecedented.
Understanding the Ḥerem
Authors: Lilley J. P. U.
Published: January 2022

The term for ‘devote’ or ‘destroy’ has not always been understood correctly, particularly in relation to the so-called ‘holy war’. It forbade the use of property, or relationships with people. It applied only occasionally to loot, and not to idolatrous objects; but in its application to enemies, it involved extermination, and thus the verb acquired its secondary sense of ‘destroy’
Speculation in the cryptocurrency market
Authors: Milka Paweł
Published: January 2022

The article analyses the impact of speculation on the cryptocurrency market. In the introduction, the author interprets the meaning of the speculation and a speculator’s way of thinking. The literature review was broken down into two aspects. The first is to analyse the literature on the subject in terms of the cryptocurrency market. The second is an analysis of the sentiment index, which becomes the primary research method. The analysis of the sentiment value shows a high correlation between the impact of sentiment on the value of cryptocurrencies. Further recommendations are to analyse the sentiment with regard to listed companies (Polish and international) and stock indices (including the forex market).
INFLUENCE OF LOG LENGTH ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF WOOD HARVESTING AND TRANSPORTATION
Authors: Belisario Aline Vianna , Fiedler Nilton César , Carmo Flávio Cipriano de Assis do , Lemos Moreira Giselle
Published: January 2022

The selection of machines and the development of operating systems are the major challenge for reducing costs in harvesting and forest transportation. This work aimed to carry out a technical analysis of harvesting and forest transport activities in two different log lengths (6 and 7m). The operational cycles of the Harvester, Forwarder and combined road train vehicle in mechanized harvest areas were evaluated. The technical analysis was performed through studies of times and movements, determining the operational efficiency and productivity of the machines. According to the results, processing consumed most of the harvester's operational cycle, while in the forwarder, the most time was consumed  35,2 and 45,2 m³·he-1 and 42,84 and 75,42 m³.he-¹. The larger log size led to an increase in the productivity of the harvester by 28% and the forwarder by 48%. Among the studied models of road train vehicles, the one that showed the best results both in the analysis made with a length of 6 m and 7 m, was the dimensions with 2.35 m in width and 2.85 in height. These vehicles had a total gross weight of 63.52 tonnes for logs with a length of 6m and 69.17 tons for logs of 7m, with an 8.17% higher performance compared to 6m logs. With the obtained results it can be concluded that the increase in the length of the logs increased the productivity and the performance of the harvest and the forest transport.
HAND-ARM VIBRATION IN DIFFERENT OPERATING CONDITIONS WITH A CHAINSAW
Authors: Depoi Juliano Dos Santos , Brandelero Catize , Werner Valmir , Schlosser José Fernando , Russini Alexandre , De Vargas Francieli
Published: January 2022

The mechanization of forest harvesting is a trend in Brazil. However, small and medium-sized companies in the forestry sector, even today, opt for semi-mechanized harvesting, using chainsaws for the harvesting and sectioning of trees. Despite technological advances, when operated continuously, chainsaws may cause damage to the operator’s body, acting as a stressor, and vibration excess is responsible for numerous health disorders, among them the Raynaud syndrome. In this sense, this study aimed to determine the vibration levels to which a chainsaw operator is subjected, during the transversal cut (tracing) of the wood, in different forest species and cutting sets. The treatments consisted of three forest species (Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus dunnii and Acacia mearnsii De Wild) and two cutting sets, consisting of square tooth chains of the semi-chisel and chisel types. The vibration assessment was based on the criteria established by the Regulatory Standards NR15, NHO10 and ISO 2631-4. The results of vibration levels were higher than the reference limits established by ISO 2631-4, and, for both cutting sets, the highest vibration levels occurred on the “x” axis. After the data processing, the acceleration values resulting from the normalized exposure to hand-arm vibrations showed significant differences for the “y” and “z” axes. Therefore, it can be inferred that the chainsaw operation is a stressor, potentially capable of causing damage to workers' health.
ULUSLARARASI HUKUK, AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ HUKUKU VE TÜRK HUKUKUNDA İLTİCA TALEPLERİNİN KAYIT ALTINA ALINMASI
Authors: İNELİ CİĞER Meltem , KÜÇÜKÇAVUŞ Mehmet Ali
Published: January 2022

Uluslararası koruma başvurularının kayıt altına alınması, sığınmacıların iltica prosedürlerine etkin şekilde erişebilmesi, eğitim ve sağlık gibi temel hak ve hizmetlerden yararlanabilmeleri ve geri göndermeme ilkesine aykırı şekilde sınır dışı edilmemeleri bakımından büyük önem taşımaktadır.Bu makalenin amacı uluslararası hukuk, Avrupa Birliği hukuku ve Türk hukukunda iltica başvurularının kayıt altına alınması sürecinde gözetilmesi gereken ilkeleri ve temel hakları ortaya koymaktır.Bu amaçla çalışmada iltica başvurularının kayıt sürecine uygulanabilen Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi başta olmak üzere insan hakları sözleşmeleri, Avrupa Birliği düzenlemeleri ile Birleşmiş Milletler Mülteciler Yüksek Komiserliği ve Avrupa İltica Destek Ofisi tarafından yayınlanmış rehber ilkeler ve raporlar incelenecektir.Söz konusu inceleme ışığında makalede ayrıca Türkiye’de uluslararası koruma başvurularının kayıt altına alınmasına ilişkin süreç ortaya konulacak ve bu sürece ilişkin bazı tespit ve önerilere yer verilecektir.
Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Majid Raheem Noor , Hassan Marouf Bushra
Published: January 2022

There are many metabolic and hormonal factors related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that can be affected by vitamin D3 supplementation. To find clinical trials, in vivo studies, and in vitro studies that met the review's inclusion and exclusion criteria, we searched many databases. PCOS women's ovulation and metabolic parameters were examined in relation to the effects of vitamin D3 treatment on PCOS risk variables such as seasonal changes in body mass index, and obesity. The current review included twenty-five articles. Vitamin D3(25-hydroxy vitamin D) levels were significantly lower in the PCOS group than in the control group, and lipid profile and androgen hormone levels were significantly higher in the PCOS group, resulting in increased cardiovascular events and exaggerated hirsutism. According to the majority of research, vitamin D3 plays a beneficial role in decreasing the pathophysiology of PCOS, notably in restoring ovulation, which ultimately improves fertility. Although other studies found no effect on lipid profile, there was a minor effect on reducing cardiovascular risks. The response of patients to vitamin D3 was influenced by the dose administered and the study's methodology. In conclusion, vitamin D3 had a good effect on the pathophysiology of PCOS in the majority of investigations.
Wheat yield prediction based on weather parameters using multiple linear, neural network and penalised regression models
Authors: K. S. ARAVIND  , ANANTA VASHISTH  , P. KRISHANAN  , B.DAS
Published: January 2022

Wheat yield production is largely attributed by weather parameters. Model developed by multiple linear, neural network and penalised regression techniques using weather data have the potential to provide reliable, timely and cost-effective prediction of wheat yield. Wheat yield data and weather parameter during crop growing period (46th to 15th SMW) for more than 30 years were collected for study area and model was developed using stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR), principal component analysis (PCA) in combination with SMLR, artificial neural network (ANN) alone and in combination with PCA, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and elastic net (ENET) techniques.  Analysis was carried out by fixing 70% of the data for calibration and remaining dataset for validation. On examining these models, LASSO and elastic net are performing excellent having nRMSE value less than 10 % for four out of five location and good for one location, because of prevention in over fitting and reducing regression coefficient by penalization.
Tıbbi Laboratuvarda Biyolojik Riskler Tehlikeler ve Önlemler
Authors: BİRYOL Seda
Published: January 2022

Tıbbi laboratuvarda görev alan personelin sağlığının korunması üzerinde durulması gereken önemli konulardan biridir. Yaptıkları işe bağlı olarak maruz kaldığı tehlike veya riskler gün geçtikçe daha da artmaktadır. Tıbbi laboratuvarlar aralıksız hizmet veren yerlerdir. Bu laboratuvarlarda çalışanlar laboratuvarlarda inceledikleri klinik örneklerde bakteri, mantar, virüs veya parazit gibi mikroorganizmalarla birebir temas halindedir ve bu da karşı karşıya kaldıkları riskleri ortaya koymaktadır. Bu yüzden laboratuvara gelen her klinik örnek enfekte olarak kabul edilip gerekli koruyucu önlemler alınmalıdır. Dolayısıyla, tıbbi laboratuvardaki potansiyel tehlikeleri tanıyan ve kontrol altına alınması için bu konuda donanımlı çalışanların olması önemlidir. Bu derlemede, tıbbi laboratuvar çalışanlarının maruz kaldıkları mesleki biyolojik riskleri fark etmelerine ve tıbbi laboratuvar çalışanlarına yönelik bu risklerin azaltılması ve alınabilecek önlemlerin planlanmasına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülen korunma yollarına değinilmiştir.
Physics models in the course "The basics of computer simulation"
Authors: Teplytskyi Illia O.
Published: January 2022

A review of the methodological literature on computer modeling shows the existence of different approaches to its teaching in secondary and higher education. It is a common approach in which the construction of models is carried out using the apparatus of higher mathematics, which is possessed mainly by senior students. This leads to the transfer of the course “Methods of mathematical modeling” for 7-8, and sometimes 9-10 semesters, which reduces its role in shaping the worldview of the future specialist, which takes place in high school and junior high school. This state of affairs forced us to create a propaedeutic course “The basics of computer simulation”, which was developed by the joint efforts of the Department of Informatics and Applied Mathematics of Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical
University and the Department of Informatics of the Kryvyi Rih Tsentralno-Miska gymnasium. The methodological support of the course is a textbook designed for high school students and junior high school students.
Principal scheme of step-by-step study of non-anticlinal traps of oil and gas (types of work and research methods)
Authors:   Oil and Gas Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Shuster V. L.
Published: January 2022

The article scientifically substantiates and systematizes the types of work and research methods to identify and search for hydrocarbon accumulations associated with non-anticlinal traps, consistently at all stages of geological exploration. The tasks and criteria for forecasting and identifying non-anticlinal traps at each stage of geological exploration are formulated. New research methods are proposed. Keywords: oil; gas; non-anticlinal traps; study scheme; types of work; research methods; forecast criteria; stages of geological exploration.
Geobiological features of storage hydrogen-methane mixtures in underground reservoirs
Authors:   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Abramova O. P. , Filippova D. S. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2022

Taking into account the world and domestic experience of studying the ontogenesis of lithospheric hydrogen a combination of coupled hydrochemical, geochemical and microbiological factors of the accumulation of this natural gas together with methane in the terrigenous formations of the sedimentary cover is justified. It is predicted that various hydrochemical and microbiological processes that cause the development of carbon dioxide and sulfate corrosion of engineering structures, as well as cement of reservoir rocks and tires, can occur together with methane at industrial facilities of underground storage of hydrogen. The risks of reducing the volume of injected hydrogen in underground storage in addition to diffusion losses can be associated with geobiological factors, including the conversion of hydrogen into CH4 and H2S due to microbial activity, chemical interaction of hydrogen with minerals of reservoirs and tires, accompanied by changes in filtration-capacity and geomechanical properties, hydrogen embrittlement of metal structures of ground and underground well equipment. Keywords: geobiology; hydrogen; methane; underground storage; methanogenesis; acetogenesis; sulfate reduction.
Geochemical characteristics and localization of heavy oil fields in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Sudakov V. A. , Shipaeva M. S. ,   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Nurgaliev D. K. ,   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Rizvanova Z. M. ,   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Amerhanov M. I. ,   PJSC «Tatneft», Almetyevsk, Russia
Published: January 2022

High-viscosity oil belong to unconventional sources of hydrocarbon raw materials, the share of which is growing every year. The development of this complex type of raw material requires modern scientific technologies in order to maintain the production of hydrocarbons at the same level. Technologies for the extraction and processing of heavy oil are different from traditional ones. First of all, these deposits are located at a shallow depth, but are classified as difficult to recover due to the complex geological structure and high anomalous oil viscosity. The objective of this work is a deeper understanding of the geochemical composition of heavy oil deposits, taking into account the peculiarities of their geological structure. This is important for the successful development of new and improvement of existing technologies for the extraction and processing of heavy oil and the implementation of the resource potential of heavy oils in the Republic of Tatarstan. Keywords: heavy oil; unconventional oil; biodegradation; GC-MS; geochemical methods.
The Impact of International Labor Migration on Business Activities
Authors: Ehamd Assem
Published: January 2022

Labor migration has gained momentum and has become an intensive and difficult process to manage. The problem of emigration is evidenced by the particularly high flows of people leaving to work and live abroad (Akerman, 2007). As migration processes intensify, there are risks of an economic, socio-cultural and political-managerial nature. Population migration takes place in all countries of the world, but the extent of population migration and the impact on the country's economy and business vary. The work summarizes the theories and concepts of international labor migration, explains the causes of international labor migration and the positive and negative consequences for business. Two countries were selected to assess international labor migration impact on businesses activities. Lithuania was the first choice because its economic and political and institutional and technological was growing from time to time. Egypt was the second choice because it was suffereing after the two revolutions and its indicators had negatively affected except technological sector .The business environment of selected countries were examined. The business environment of selected countries was also examined, and the impact of international labor migration on the activities of companies was determined (Böcker, 2019).
Daadwerkelijk en effectief verblijf
Authors: Oosterom-Staples H.
Published: January 2022

Daadwerkelijk en effectief verblijf. Een nieuw criterium voor verblijf in de lidstaat die een EU-burger eerder van zijn grondgebied heeft verwijderd

Hoe lang moet een Unieburger wiens verblijfsrecht door zijn gastlidstaat is beëindigd op grond van artikel 15 lid 1 Verblijfsrichtlijn, buiten het grondgebied van die lidstaat verblijven voordat hij weer een verblijfsrecht aan het Unierecht ontleent? Het Hof van Justitie introduceert in het FS-arrest het begrip ‘daadwerkelijk en effectief beëindigen van het verblijfsrecht’ als voorwaarde om een nieuw verblijfsrecht in de verwijderende lidstaat te verkrijgen en geeft een niet-limitatieve opsomming van omstandigheden om vast te stellen of het verblijfsrecht ‘daadwerkelijk en effectief’ is beëindigd. Zal dit criterium het beoogde evenwicht tussen de belangen van Unieburgers en lidstaten waarborgen?

HvJ 22 juni 2021, zaak C-719/19, ECLI:EU:C:2021:586 (FS/Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid); Rb. Den Haag (zittingsplaats ’s-Hertogenbosch) 16 augustus 2021, ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2021:4374.
Gaat (de ACM met) de Wet oneerlijke handelspraktijken landbouw- en voedselvoorzieningsketen de inkoopmacht van retailers aanpakken?
Authors: Schrijvershof D.W.L.A. , Heystee T.
Published: January 2022

Gaat (de ACM met) de Wet oneerlijke handelspraktijken landbouw- en voedselvoorzieningsketen de inkoopmacht van retailers aanpakken?

Per 1 november 2021 is de nieuwe Wet oneerlijke handelspraktijken landbouw- en voedselvoorzieningsketen (Stb. 2021, 178) in werking getreden. De Wet betreft de implementatie van de Europese Richtlijn 2019/633/EU (PbEU 2019, L 111). De auteurs zetten de aanleiding en inhoud van de Wet uiteen en signaleren enkele knelpunten. Zo wordt ingegaan op (1) de effectiviteit van de beoogde alternatieve geschilbeslechting, (2) de zwarte en grijze lijst en de mogelijkheid voor de lidstaten om verdergaande maatregelen te treffen en (3) de handhavingsmogelijkheden bij grensoverschrijdende gevallen. Ook wordt kort aandacht besteed aan potentiële overlap met andere Europese regelgeving. Voorts komt aan bod het mogelijke succes van de Wet, mede in het licht van de cruciale rol die de ACM zal (moeten) spelen bij de handhaving van de Wet.

Wet van 3 maart 2021, houdende regels strekkende tot implementatie van Richtlijn (EU) 2019/633 van het Europees Parlement en de Raad van 17 april 2019 inzake oneerlijke handelspraktijken in de relaties tussen ondernemingen in de landbouw- en voedselvoorzieningsketen (PbEU 2019, L 111) (Wet oneerlijke handelspraktijken landbouw- en voedselvoorzieningsketen) (Stb. 2021, 178).
A formação de conceitos científicos e a ressubordinação da memória: ressignificando práticas docentes
Authors: Castro Solange De , Rossetto Elisabeth
Published: January 2022

Este estudo discute a formação dos conceitos científicos e o desenvolvimento da memória de alunos entre a primeira infância e a adolescência.  Caracteriza-se como teórico/bibliográfico, pautado na Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, e documental, com ênfase no Referencial Curricular do Paraná (2018). O currículo escolar, como tem se desenhado na legislação vigente, não ampara a prática docente. O Referencial Curricular do Paraná, que orienta a Educação Infantil e o Ensino Fundamental desde o início de 2020, não demonstra preocupação no sentido de aproximar teoria e prática, fragiliza-se teoricamente ao não relacionar estreitamente os pressupostos epistemológicos com o trabalho em sala de aula. Assim, nesse contexto, considera-se que a formação continuada dos professores proposta pelo Paraná não tem contribuído para a formação dos conceitos científicos e o desenvolvimento da memória de alunos da educação básica.
Effects of Eight-Week Combined (Resistance and Endurance) Training on Serum Levels of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG), and Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) in Men with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Jafari Abbas , Arazi Hamid , Monazzami Amirabbas , Ghadian Alireza , Hasrak Kambiz
Published: January 2022

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most prevalent cancer and the sixth cancer leading to death in men worldwide. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of eight weeks of combined training on specific markers of prostate cancer in older adults. Methods: Twenty older adults (62 ± 7 years) with prostate cancer were divided randomly into the control (n = 10) and training (n = 10) groups. The training group performed exercise training in three sessions a week for eight weeks. Resistance training included two sets of 10 repetitions at 60 - 75% of one-repetition maximum, and endurance training contained treadmill running for 20 - 35 min at 60 - 75% of maximum heart rate. Bruce test, one-repetition maximum, and ELISA technique were used respectively to measure the aerobic performance, strength performance, and serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and testosterone (TS). A two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to specify the differences. Results: Weight, fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), glucose, insulin, and PSA were significantly lower in the training group than the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, strength performance, aerobic performance, SHBG, TS, and PTEN were significantly higher in the training group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Combined training can have an influential role in physical condition improvement through decreasing the PSA serum level and increasing SHBG, TS, and PETEN serum levels, which helps patients with prostate cancer to be cured.
The Effect of Group Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on the Management of Asthma: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Zargar Fatemeh , Rabiei Mahin , Naderi Zohre , Tarrahi Mohammad Javad
Published: January 2022

Background: Asthma is a common respiratory disorder that negatively affects quality of life (QOL) and mood status. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of group acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the symptom control, QOL, and mood status of asthmatic patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 32 asthmatic patients randomly allocated to the case group (underwent group ACT plus medical therapy; n = 15) and the control group (who were medically treated only in 2019; n = 17). The case group participated in 8 sessions of 90-minute group ACT. Spirometry was performed for both groups at baseline and at the end of the intervention. The Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) to assess symptom control status, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess mood status, and Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) to assess QOL were filled out by the patients at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Results: The measurements regarding the trend of changes in the case group over the time were significant in all of the evaluated entities, including ACQ, depression and anxiety subscales of HADS, and AQLQ scores (P < 0.05), while nonsignificant alterations were observed in the controls (P > 0.05). The comparison of the 2 groups revealed significant differences in all the assessed entities (P > 0.05). The spirometry variables were statistically significant in the control group at baseline (P < 0.05), while the post-intervention assessments revealed a nonsignificant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Group ACT can efficiently reduce the asthma symptoms in asthmatic patients, along with the remarkable improvement in mood and QOL. Further evaluations with a longer period of intervention are strongly recommended.