bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Boas questões fazem boas pesquisas”: entrevista com Fabiane Popinigis
Authors: Popinigis Fabiane , Lins de Freitas Antonio Jerfson , Silva de Araújo Cosma
Published: May 2024

Uberização, gênero, trabalhadores tradicionais, trabalhadores da terra, o sindicalismo, desigualdades, diálogo, pesquisa, capitalismo, empatia. Cada uma destas palavras-chave é fundamental para aqueles que têm interesse pelos estudos acerca do mundo do trabalho. Mais ainda: são temas fundamentais para cada um de nós, trabalhadores, inseridos em uma sociedade em constante transformação, nem sempre (ou quase nunca) para melhor. Pensando nisso, a série Território Científico uniu neste seu 5º volume entrevistas com 11 pesquisadores que se dedicam há anos ao mundo do trabalho e aos trabalhadores. Para melhor conhecermos nossa sociedade, nada melhor do que conhecermos aquilo que a move: o trabalho. Por isso convidamos vocês, caros leitores, a refletirem conosco sobre nossa realidade, que é primeiro passo para que possamos tornar essa transformação mais justa.
“Seria estranho se eu não tivesse optado por estudar o trabalho”: entrevista com William Mello
Authors: Mello William James , Lins de Freitas Antonio Jerfson , Silva de Araújo Cosma
Published: May 2024

Uberização, gênero, trabalhadores tradicionais, trabalhadores da terra, o sindicalismo, desigualdades, diálogo, pesquisa, capitalismo, empatia. Cada uma destas palavras-chave é fundamental para aqueles que têm interesse pelos estudos acerca do mundo do trabalho. Mais ainda: são temas fundamentais para cada um de nós, trabalhadores, inseridos em uma sociedade em constante transformação, nem sempre (ou quase nunca) para melhor. Pensando nisso, a série Território Científico uniu neste seu 5º volume entrevistas com 11 pesquisadores que se dedicam há anos ao mundo do trabalho e aos trabalhadores. Para melhor conhecermos nossa sociedade, nada melhor do que conhecermos aquilo que a move: o trabalho. Por isso convidamos vocês, caros leitores, a refletirem conosco sobre nossa realidade, que é primeiro passo para que possamos tornar essa transformação mais justa.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND WORK ENVIRONMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH WORK MOTIVATION AS A MEDIATION IN ISLAMIC BANKING IN BANDA ACEH
Authors: Akhsa Nora , Hafasnuddin  , Nizam Ahmad
Published: May 2024

This research aimed to see the Organizational Culture and Work Environment's impact on Employee Performance, and how employee work motivation mediates in the model. Sampling used the probability sampling method using a census. The research method used was a quantitative method by distributing 102 questionnaires in electronic and hard copy form to Bank Aceh Syariah (BAS) Banda Aceh Branch employees. The data analysis technique used was Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). This study’s results revealed that Organizational culture affected motivation, environment affected motivation, Organizational culture affected employee performance, environment did not affect employee performance, Motivation affected Employee Performance, Motivation mediated the Organizational Culture’s impact on Employee Performance, Motivation mediated the Work Environment’s on Employee Performance. Motivation in these findings was also proven to function as a partial mediator in the culture affecting employee performance, and as a full mediator in the environment affecting employee performance. These findings explain that the model has been verified, where the model for improving employee performance at BAS is based on suitability to organizational culture, a work environment that supports performance, and high employee motivation. This model is a premise that can be used in the development of advanced theory through further research, and is a basis for practitioners, especially BAS, to formulate strategies to improve their performance.
THE INFLUENCE OF TRAINING AND UPSKILLING ON WORK MOTIVATION AND IMPACT ON THE EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF PT BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA REGIONAL I ACEH
Authors: Nasruddin MZ  , Adam Muhammad , Mukhlis
Published: May 2024

This research aims to test the Training and Upskilling effect on Work Motivation and its impact on employee performance at PT Bank Syariah Indonesia Regional I Aceh (BSI Reg Aceh). The population was all employees at BSI Reg Aceh is 76 employees (except attendants, security, and drivers), and taken all to be sampled. Data were processed using the Partial Least Square (PLS). The result reveals that at the BSI Reg Aceh, Training influences work motivation, Upskilling influences work motivation, Training influences employee performance, Upskilling influences employee performance, Work motivation influences employee performance, Work Motivation partially mediates the Training influence on Employee Performance, and Work Motivation partially mediates the Upskilling influence on Employee Performance. These findings explain how important training and upskilling are to have an impact on work motivation which ultimately determines employee performance at BSI Reg Aceh. These findings also provide an overview of premises that can be utilized academically for further theory development.
THE INFLUENCE OF COMPETENCE, ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE MEDIATED BY ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR AT PT PEMBANGUNAN ACEH (PEMA)
Authors: Setiawan Zidny Ilma , Adam Muhammad , Yunus Mukhlis
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the impact of competence, organizational culture, and organizational commitment on employee performance, which is mediated by organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), at PT Pembangunan Aceh (PEMA). This study includes all 102 employees of PEMA as the population, and the sample was taken using a census. The data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The result reveals that competence, culture, and commitment directly affected OCB, and competence, culture, and OCB directly affected employee performance. However, commitment did not directly affect employee performance. In addition, the study found that OCB significantly mediated the competence, culture, and commitment impact on employee performance. In the model that investigates the competence and culture impact on employee performance, OCB played a partial role as a mediator, while in the model that investigates the commitment impact on employee performance, OCB played a full role as a mediator. These findings suggest that enhancing employee competence, aligning with company culture, and strengthening employee commitment are crucial for improving employee performance at PEMA.
Romance del amante relegado, en la literatura popular vasca
Authors: Satrústegui José María
Published: May 2024

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La carta euskérica de 1415
Authors: Irigaray Imaz Angel
Published: May 2024

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Apuntes para comprender la percepción del otro sujeto mediterráneo en América Latina: símbolos y significados del mundo árabe desde México
Authors: García Marta Rizo , Salvador Cynthia Pech
Published: May 2024

El abordaje de la otredad requiere de miradas amplias, multidimensionales y, sin duda, interdisciplinarias. La comunicación y la semiótica ocupan un lugar central en los trabajos que, como este, pretenden reflexionar en torno a los modos en que se construye significado en torno a un sujeto considerado otro, extraño, forastero. Pese a que consideramos que ha habido notables acercamientos a este tema desde el subcampo de estudios de la comunicación intercultural, en este caso ponemos énfasis en la construcción de significados, en la producción y apropiación de símbolos en torno al otro, que aquí es el sujeto del Mediterráneo, concretamente el mundo árabe, visto desde una geografía -y por tanto desde una matriz cultural y sígnica- particular: México. En el artículo sentamos las bases teóricas y metodológicas para investigar las percepciones -representaciones, imaginarios- que se tienen del mundo árabe desde México y adelantamos, además, algunos hallazgos empíricos obtenidos de un cuestionario respondido por estudiantes de Comunicación mexicanos.
América Latina y el Mediterráneo sur y oriental: migraciones y discursos
Authors: Vagni Juan José
Published: May 2024

Las vinculaciones de América Latina y el Mediterráneo sur y oriental están marcadas por la llegada de migrantes árabes y sefardíes del antiguo Imperio Otomano y Marruecos desde fines del siglo XIX. Este proceso, nutrido de constantes contactos en el plano material y simbólico, tuvo a España como un actor y mediador relevante. De un lado al otro del Atlántico circularon imágenes, discursos y representaciones, que enfatizaron principalmente el rol de al-Andalus como puente cultural común. Sin embargo, los usos y apropiaciones de este imaginario atravesaron múltiples ideologías, movimientos y regímenes políticos. Este trabajo procurará identificar a las principales narrativas, actores y apropiaciones que confluyeron en la articulación de estas dinámicas transnacionales entre ambos mundos.
La frontera entre Nosotros y el Otro: Inmigración y Mediterráneo desde Twitter.
Authors: Maestre Lucía Nieto
Published: May 2024

Las redes sociales en internet se han convertido en los últimos años en una de las herramientas más importantes de la sociedad tecnológica tanto para informarse como para intercambiar información sobre la sociedad y las novedades que acontecen en la misma. Más allá de intentar reemplazar el rol tradicional de los medios de comunicación y su impacto en la creación social de la realidad han creado una nueva plataforma de intercambio e interacción entre individuos sin límites temporales ni geográficos dónde se crean, distribuyen y asientan procesos de significación cultural que ayudan a reinventar, entender y definir la sociedad actual. A través del análisis de hashtags en Twitter hemos investigado qué tipos de palabras se asocian con el campo semántico de la inmigración y del Mediterráneo para entender qué tipo de intercambio de símbolos culturales se efectúan en Twitter.
La semiosis de la italianidad en la cultura letrada Argentina
Authors: Fatala Norma
Published: May 2024

Deseada y después temida por las élites decimonónicas, la inmigración, fundamentalmente italiana, transformó la fisonomía de la sociedad argentina, ya que la proporción de la masa inmigratoria con relación a la población nativa fue “la más alta conocida en el planeta” (Halperin Donghi, 1987:191). La amenaza del número influyó entonces de manera decisiva en los intentos de cristalizar una identidad nacional que excluyera a los inmigrantes del poder simbólico y político. En ese marco, este trabajo focaliza la italianidad en cuanto condición productiva de los discursos identitarios de las élites letradas argentinas durante el período de mayor flujo inmigratorio (1870-1920). Italianidad no remite aquí a una sustancialidad ahistórica, sino al conjunto de propiedades y cualidades (generalmente negativas) que configuran discursivamente el lugar del otro por oposición al cual se construyen el Yo y el Nosotros que se arrogan el “derecho de ciudadanía” (Angenot 1989:32).
La cultura culinaria andaluza, cruce de varias culturas mediterráneas
Authors: Bernoussi Mohamed
Published: May 2024

Este estudio está dedicado a la cultura culinaria andaluza a través de una obra poco conocida, pues permaneció manuscrita durante mucho tiempo: se trata de Fadalat Al Khiouane fi Taibaat attaam wal Alouan de Tagibi escrito en Murcia en 1238. La época en que apareció esta obra es caracterizada por un refinamiento sofisticado, donde varias culturas culinarias pudieron influenciarse entre sí y posteriormente influir en el resto del mundo, incluido el Mediterráneo y América Latina. Esta multiplicidad de fuentes se refleja en la variedad de platos y en su estructura basada en principios simbólicos que los han convertido en su rasgo más distintivo. Una vez descrita la estructura y el contenido del libro, se sintetizarán los rasgos simbólicos de esta cultura culinaria andaluza que explican su éxito y movilidad en el mundo.
Cartografía social: minga de saberes y metodologías
Authors: Ortiz Clavijo Luis Felipe , Jiménez García David Leonardo , Molano Granados Ginna Soraya , Montoya Garcés Ángela , Grisales Montoya Clara Lucia , Aguilar Rodríguez Daniel , Mazorco Salas Julio , Rojas Campos Sonia Marcela , Jiménez Durango Victor Hugo
Published: May 2024

La Red Bien Común -Red de Diálogo de Saberes en Comunicación y Buen Vivir- fue creada en el año 2018 y se constituyó como espacio de colaboración entre universidades y organizaciones sociales, en pro de la valoración y promoción de la innovación social, desde la investigación-acción y la co-producción de conocimientos, que permitan establecer las bases de un marco epistémico, ético y político, del que emerjan nuevos ámbitos reflexivos para el abordaje y reconocimiento de experiencias de comunicación, territorio y buen vivir desde la teoría y las prácticas sociales.
Interpersonal Communication of Extension Kkbpk Towards Increasing Male Participation Post Modern Era in Parepare
Authors: Rusli Rusli , Rustan Ahmad Sultra
Published: May 2024

This thesis discusses how the interpersonal communication applied by the KKBPK extension workers in increasing the participation of men in the post-modern era towards family planning programs in the City of Parepare. The purpose of this thesis is to find out the planning and communication strategy between personal trainers of KKBPK to increase male participation, the obstacles that hinder male participation, and how the description of male participation in the post-modern era in Parepare City.
This type of research is qualitative, field research (Field Research), researchers go directly to the field through observation, interviews, and documentation studies, in order to obtain clear and representative data.
The results of this study indicate: (1) Interpersonal communication planning and strategy is the method used by the KKBPK Extension Officer in approaching men's participation, with interpersonal communication carried out face to face, it is easier for men to get and understand the family planning program messages conveyed. KKBPK instructor. (2) The obstacles that hinder the participation of men in the City of Parepare are the notion or perception that they still tend to hand over the responsibility for the family planning program entirely to their wives or women,psychological (worried about not optimal virility, impotence), social constraints (shame so gossip), wives who are not supportive on the grounds that the family planning program, especially vasectomy, opens up risky opportunities for men to cheat, with vasectomy it is feared that men will feel more free, "safe" -safe” if you have an affair, because the assumption is that the mistress will not get pregnant. (3) Various efforts have been made by the KKBPK Extension Officer, ranging from planning and strategy to formal (lurah, midwife) and informal (community leaders, religious leaders) approaches to increase the participation of men in the post-modern era in Parepare City.
Islamic Reconstruction in Spanish (Historical Study)
Authors: Hamzah Saidin
Published: May 2024

This research aims to reconstruct the history of Islam in Spain, the main problem in this research is how Islam is in Spain. The sub-issues raised are 1) how was the process of the arrival of Islam in Spain? 2) How is the development and progress of Islamic civilization in Spain? 3) What factors led to the decline and destruction of Islam in Spain? The aims of the research are: 1) to examine and analyze the arrival of Islam in Spain, 2) to examine and analyze the development and progress of Islamic civilization in Spain, and  3) to reconstruct the factors causing the decline and destruction of Islam in Spain. Research using historical research methods includes Heuristics, source criticism, interpretation,and historiography. The results of the analysis in this study show that: 1) The origin of the arrival of Islam in Spain cannot be separated from the success of Tariq ibn Ziyad in defeating King Roderic, so this victory became the main capital for Tariq ibn Ziyad and his troops to conquer important cities in Spain. 2) Spain is the most important place for Europe in absorbing knowledge developed by Muslims, both in political, socia, and economic relations and civilization between countries. Europeans witnessed the fact that Spain was under Islamic rule far away from other countries in Europe, especially in the field of thought and science,and other physical structures. this area of ​​Spain flows various knowledge to advance and improve all its shortcomings and even achieve its glory until this century.
Implementation of Active Knowledge Sharing Strategy in Improving Arabic Writing Skills of Class X Students at Al-Ikhlas Islamic Boarding School Al-Ikhlas Ad-Dary DDI Takkalasi
Authors: Nur Asya Said Salihin , Saepudin  , Herdah
Published: May 2024

The Arabic language learning strategy is a series of efforts made by the Arabic teacher to make the learning process run according to predetermined concepts. The concept that must be created by the teacher is learning that is effective, communicative, efficient, fun, innovative, and quality. To improve the development of learning Arabic in educational institutions, it is necessary to create innovative strategies from Arabic teachers so that learning objectives are achieved properly. The ability to communicate in Arabic is the main goal in language because the nature of language is speech or speaking, plus the demands of the world of work today, people must be able to communicate in foreign languages, one of which is Arabic.
The research model used in this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) using a qualitative descriptive approach that aims to improve the Arabic language writing skills of tenth tenth-gradents at Madrasah Aliyah Islamic Boarding School Al Ikhlas Addary DDI Takkalas by using an Active Knowledge Sharing Strategy which has unique characteristics. other strategies do not have, namely using a list of questions with various categories including defined words. MultipMultiple-choiceions about facts or concepts ask for possible attitudes or actions. Complete sentences or match. Teachers can include some or all of the categories in making a list of questions.
In accordance with the type of research chosen, namely action research, this research uses the action research model from Kemmis and Taggart, which includes planning (planning), implementation (acting), observation (observing or monitoring), and reflection (reflecting or evaluating). These four main steps form a cycle. Action research is an ongoing strategy. Learning using the Active Knowledge Sharing strategy can improve students' writing skills in class X Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Al Ikhlas DDI Takkalasi in Arabic subjects. This is shown by the data before it is applied and after it is applied, thus answering the action hypothesis in the research that has been done that the application of the Active Knowledge Sharing strategy can improve Arabic writing skills in class X Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Al Ikhlas Addary DDI Takkalasi Barru Regency
التداخل بين الرؤية الإخراجية والقراءة النقدية في تشكيل العرض المسرحي
Authors: د.عبد الرضا جاسم
Published: May 2024

اﻟﻤﺴــرح ﻓﻌــﻝ ﺠﻤﻌــﻲ ﻴﺸــﺘرك ﻓﻴــﻪ اﻟﻤؤﻟــف واﻟﻤﺨــرج واﻟﻤﻤﺜــﻝ واﻟﻤوﺴــﻴﻘﻲ وﻤﺼــﻤم
اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻫد وﻤﻬﻨدس اﻻﻀﺎءة وﻏﻴـرﻫم ﻓـﻲ ﺼـﻨﻊ ﻀـﻔﻴرﻩ ﻤﺘﻨﺎﻏﻤـﺔ اﻻﺒﻌـﺎد ﻤـن اﻻﺒـداع اﻟﺠﻤﻌـﻲ
وﺤﺘـﻰ ﻋﻨـدﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﻔـرد اﻟﻛﺎﺘـب ﺒﻨﻔﺴـﻪ وﻴﻘـوم ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻐـﺎﻤرة اﻻوﻟـﻰ ﻟﻠﺘﺠرﻴـب وﺤﻴـدا ﻤـﻊ او ارﻗـﻪ ﻓﺎﻨـﻪ
ﻴﻀــﻊ ﻓــﻲ اﻋﺘﺒــﺎرﻩ ان اﻟﻔﻌــﻝ اﻟﺘﺠرﻴﺒــﻲ اﻟــذي ﻴﻨــﺘﺞ ﺨﻴوطــﻪ اﻻوﻟــﻰ اﻨﻤــﺎ ﻫــو ﻓﻌــﻝ ﻴﺘﺠﺴــد
 
ﺒﻤﺠﻤوﻋﺔ طﻠﻴﻌﻴﺔ . ﻛﺤدث د ارﻤﻲ ﻨﻘﻴض ﻟﻠﺴﻛون اﻟﺨﺎﻨﻊ واﻟﺼﻤت اﻟذﻟﻴﻝ.
ﻫذا اﻟﺒﻌد اﻟﺠﻤﻌﻲ ﻤن اﻟﺘﺠرﻴب اﻟﻤﺴرﺤﻲ ﻴؤﺴس ﺤﻀورﻩ ﻓـﻲ ﻋﻼﻗـﺔ ﺴـﺒﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﺸـروط
اﻛﺜـر ﺘﻌﻘﻴـدا ﻤﻤـﺎ ﻫـﻲ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻓـﻲ اﻟرواﻴـﺔ واﻟﺸـﻌر ﺤﻴـث ﻓردﻴـﺔ اﻻﺒـداع واﻟﺘﻠﻘـﻲ ﺘﺨﺘﻠـف ﻋـن
 
اﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻼزﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﻤﺴرﺤﻲ.
ﻤـن ﺨـﻼﻝ رؤﻴـﺔ ﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ﻛﺎﺤـد اﻓﻌـﺎﻝ اﻟﺘﺠرﻴـب اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﺴـﺘﺒدﻝ ﻤﻨطـق اﻻﻴﻘـﺎع وﺘﺤـﻝ
ﻤﺤﻠــﻪ اﻻﺒــداع وﺘﺼــﻊ اﻻﻓــق اﻟﻤﻔﺘــوح ﻟﻠﻔﻌــﻝ اﻟﻤﺴــرﺤﻲ ﻤﺤــﻝ ﻋﻘﻼﻨﻴــﺔ اﻟﺼــﺎرﻤﻪ ٬ وﺒﺎودﻴب
اﻟﻐﺎرق ﻓﻲ ﻋﻘدﺘﻪ ﻤﺤﻝ اودﻴب اﻟرﻤـز اﻟﺤﻴـوي ﻻﻨدﻓﺎﻋـﻪ اﻟﻼﺸـﻌوري اﻻﺒـداﻋﻲ واﻟﻤﺘﻤـرد ﻋﻠـﻰ
 
ﻛﻝ ﺴﺠن وﻋﻘدة.
ﺍﻟﺟﻐﺭﺍﻓﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳﻳﺔ ﻟﻣﺿﻳﻕ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺩﺏ
Authors: ﺩ. ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺯﻫﺭﺓ ﺷﻠﺵ ﺍﻟﻌﺗﺎﺑﻲ
Published: May 2024

ﺘُﻌرف اﻟﻤﻨﺎطق اﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻀﻐط ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻴﺎﺒس ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻴـﺎﻩ اﻟﺒﺤـر ﺒﺸـدة ﺒﺄﺴـم اﻟﻤﻀـﺎﻴق ( Straits )
اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻫـﻲ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻴـﺔ ﻋﺒـﺎرة ﻋـن إﻨﻛﻤـﺎش ( Contraction ) ﻟﻤﻴـﺎﻩ اﻟﺒﺤـر اﻟﻤﺤﺼـور ﺒـﻴن
ﺠزﺌﻴن ﻤن اﻟﻴﺎﺒس. وﺒﺼﻴﻐﺔ أﺨرى ﻓﺈن اﻟﻤﻀﻴق ﻋﺒـﺎرة ﻋـن ﻤﻤـر ﺒﺤـري ﻴﻔﺼـﻝ ﺒـﻴن ﺠـزﺌﻴن
ﻤن اﻟﻴﺎﺒﺴـﺔ وﻴﺼـﻝ ﺒـﻴن ﻤﺴـطﺤﻴن ﻤـن اﻟﻤﻴـﺎﻩ .( 1 ) وﻤـن ﻫﻨـﺎ ﻓـﺈن اﻟﻤﻨـﺎطق اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻴـزداد ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ
ﻀﻐط اﻟﻴﺎﺒس ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻴﺎﻩ اﻟﺒﺤر ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻤﺎ ﺘﻤﺜﻝ ﻤﻛﺎﻨـﻪ ﺒـﺎرزة ﻓـﻲ ﻤﺠـﺎﻝ اﻹﺴـﺘ ارﺘﻴﺠﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﺤرﻴـﺔ
ﺤﻴــــــــــــــث ﺘﻌــــــــــــــرف ﻫــــــــــــــذﻩ اﻟﻤﻨــــــــــــــﺎطق ﺒﺄﺴــــــــــــــم ﻨﻘــــــــــــــﺎط اﻹﺨﺘﻨــــــــــــــﺎق
( 2 ) ( Choke Poits ) .واﻟﺒﺤث ﻋن ﺼﻔﺔ اﻹﺨﺘﻨﺎق ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠزء اﻟﺠﻨوﺒﻲ ﻤـن اﻟﺒﺤـر اﻷﺤﻤـر
ﺴﻴﺠﻌﻝ اﻟذﻫن ﻴﻨﺼرف ﻤﺒﺎﺸـرة إﻟـﻰ ﺒـﺎب اﻟﻤﻨـدب ﺒﺈﻋﺘﺒـﺎرﻩ ﻤﻀـﻴﻘﺎً ﺘﻨطﺒـق ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺘﻤﺎﻤـﺎً ﺼـﻔﺔ
اﻹﺨﺘﻨـﺎق .وﻴﻌـد ﻤﻀـﻴق ﺒـﺎب اﻟﻤﻨـدب ﻤوﻗﻌـﺎً إﺴـﺘ ارﺘﻴﺠﻴﺎً ﻓرﻴـداً ﻓﻬـو اﻟﺒواﺒـﺔ اﻟﺠﻨوﺒﻴـﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺤـر
اﻷﺤﻤر وﻋﻨق اﻟزﺠﺎﺠﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘرﺒطﻪ ﺒﺨﻠﻴﺞ ﻋدن وﻤﻨﻪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺒﺤر اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺤﻴط اﻟﻬﻨدي ﺜم
إﻟﻰ ﺠﻨوب ﺸرق وﺸرق اﺴﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺤﻴط اﻟﻬﺎدى ﻛﻤﺎ أﻨﻪ اﻟﻤﻤر اﻟﻤـﺎﺌﻲ اﻟـذي ﻴوﺼـﻝ ﺒـﻴن
اﻟﻤﺤﻴطﻴن اﻟﻬﺎدى واﻟﻬﻨدي واﻟﺒﺤر اﻟﻤﺘوﺴط ﻋن طرﻴق اﻟﻤدﺨﻝ اﻟﺠﻨوﺒﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﺤر اﻷﺤﻤر ﻋﺒر
ﻗﻨـﺎة اﻟﺴـوﻴس ﻓـﺎﻟﻤﺤﻴط اﻷطﻠﺴـﻲ. وﺘﻛـون ﺒﻬـذا ﻗـد أرﺘﺒطـت ﻛـﻝ اﻟﺒﺤـﺎر واﻟﺨﻠﺠـﺎن اﻟﻌرﺒﻴـﺔ
ﺒﺒﻌﻀـﻬﺎ وﺘﻼﻗـت ﻤـﻊ اﻟﺒﺤـﺎر واﻟﻤﺤﻴطـﺎت اﻟﺼـﺎﻟﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻼﺤـﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﻛـﻝ اﻟﻛـرة اﻷرﻀـﻴﺔ . وﻤﻤـﺎ
ازد ﻤن أﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻀﻴق ﺒﺎب اﻟﻤﻨدب ﺘﺤﻛﻤـﻪ ﺒطـرق اﻟﺘﺠـﺎرة اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴـﺔ ﻟﻤـرور ﻨـﺎﻗﻼت اﻟـﻨﻔط ﻤـن
ﺨﻼﻟـﻪ ﻤﻤـﺎ أﻛﺴـب اﻟﻤﻨطﻘـﺔ أﻫﻤﻴـﺔ ﺤﻴوﻴـﺔ ٕواﺴـﺘ ارﺘﻴﺠﻴﺔ ٕواﻗﺘﺼـﺎدﻴﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤـر اﻟﻌﺼـور .
الدرس ) الصوتي والصرفي ( عند الجاحظ )المتوفى 522 هـ(
Authors: أ.م.د.رحيم جمعة علي الخزرجي
Published: May 2024

ﻓـﺈ ﱠن ﻋﻤـرو ﺒـن ﺒﺤـر اﻟﻤﺘـوﻓﻲ ﺴـﻨﺔ ٢٥٥ ﻫــ (اﻟﺠـﺎﺤظ) أدﻴـ ٌب وﻛﺎﺘـ ٌب ﻟﻐـوي ﺒـﺎرع أﻟـف
 
وﻛﺘب ﻓﻲ أﻏﻠب ﻓﻨون اﻟﻌﻠم وﻻ ﺴـﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻠـوم اﻟﻠﻐـﺔ ﻨطﻘﻬـﺎ و ﺒﻼﻏﺘﻬـﺎ وأﺴـﻠوﺒﻬﺎ وأﺒﻨﻴﺘﻬـﺎ ﻓﻀـﻼً
 
ﻋـن اﻟﻌﻠـوم اﻷﺼـوﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﻨطﻘﻴـﺔ وﻋﻠـوم اﻹﻨﺴـﺎن واﻟﺤﻴـوان واﻟﻨﺒـﺎت ٬ ﻓـدوﻨك ﻛﺘﺎﺒـﻪ (اﻟﺒﻴـﺎن
 
واﻟﺘﺒﻴﻴن) ٬ وﻛﺘﺎﺒﻪ (اﻟﺤﻴوان) ﻓﻲ ﺨﺼﺎﺌص اﻟﺤﻴوان وطﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻪ ٬ وأﻟف ﻓﻲ طﺒﺎﺌﻊ اﻟﺒﺸر
 
وﺴﻠوك اﻟﻨﺎس وﺼﻔﺎﺘﻬم اﻟﺨﻠﻘﻴﺔ واﻟ ُﺨﻠﻘﻴـﺔ ﻓـدوﻨك (اﻟـﺒﺨﻼء) و (اﻟﺒرﺼـﺎن واﻟﻌﻤﻴـﺎن واﻟﻌرﺠـﺎن
واﻟﺤوﻻن) ﺸﺎﻫدﻴن ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟك .
Reconfigurability in Electromagnetic Metasurfaces and Metamaterials for Antennas systems: State-of-the-art, Technical approaches, Limitations, and Applications
Authors: Ramaccia Davide , Monti Alessio , Barbuto Mirko , Vellucci Stefano , Stefanini Luca , Toscano Alessandro , Bilotti Filiberto
Published: May 2024

In this article, we review some of the recent efforts and advancements
in the implementation of reconfigurable metasurfaces and metamaterials
tailored for antenna applications. Originally limited by fixed
properties, these structures are increasingly integrated with different
technologies to achieve real-time reconfigurability and versatility in
response to evolving operational conditions and constraints. This work
investigates the motivations and technical approaches driving this
development, with a specific focus on reconfigurable metasurfaces
designed for antenna systems operating within the microwave range
(L-band to K-band). By analyzing limitations and experimentally
validated approaches, the article offers a comprehensive exploration of
the performance and limitations of common reconfigurability schemes in
microwave metadevices.
Ultra-wideband closed waveguide supporting one-way states
Authors: Ahmadi Haddi , Zafari Kazem , Pasdari-Kia Mohmmad , Razmjooei Nasrin , Arik Kamalodin
Published: May 2024

In this work, we propose a pseudospin-polarized closed waveguide whose
walls are formed by dual electromagnetic boundary conditions.  The
structure has a very wide bandwidth so that it covers an extremely wide
electromagnetic spectrum.  The proposed waveguide supports one-way
pseudospin states resulting from the establishment of dual relationships
at the waveguide boundaries, and hence the establishment of mirror
reflection symmetry. This provides the proposed waveguide with the
ability to suppress backscattering.  The boundary conditions of the
proposed structure consist of complementary metasurfaces which have dual
surface impedances.  The presence of these boundary conditions leads to
forming a pseudospin-polarized waveguide having the ability to suppress
and filter the backward modes that may be excited along bent paths or
discontinuities.  To the best of our knowledge, this is the widest
bandwidth waveguide that has been proposed so far, so that the isolation
of the waveguide in the frequency range of 7- 350 GHz is above -0.5 dB.
 In addition, we use a very precise method based on the variational
method to calculate the surface impedance of the metasurfaces forming
the waveguide boundaries so as to increase the accuracy of the obtained
results.
Bioinspired Quantum Oracle Circuits for Biomolecular Solutions of the Maximum Cut Problem
Authors: Chang Weng-Long , Wong Renata , Chen Yu-Hao , Chung Wen-Yu , Chen Ju-Chin , Vasilakos Athanasios V.
Published: May 2024

Given an undirected, unweighted graph with n vertices and
m edges, the maximum cut problem is to find a partition of the
n vertices into disjoint subsets V1 and V2 such that the number
of edges between them is as large as possible. Classically, it is an
NP-complete problem, which has potential applications ranging from
circuit layout design, statistical physics, computer vision, machine
learning and network science to clustering. In this paper, we propose a
biomolecular and a quantum algorithm to solve the maximum cut problem
for any graph G. The quantum algorithm is inspired by the biomolecular
algorithm and has a quadratic speedup over its classical counterparts,
where the temporal and spatial complexities are reduced to,
respectively, O(2n/r) and O(m2). With respect to
oracle-related quantum algorithms for NP-complete problems, we identify
our algorithm as optimal. Furthermore, to justify the feasibility of the
proposed algorithm, we successfully solve a typical maximum cut problem
for a graph with three vertices and two edges by carrying out
experiments on IBM’s quantum simulator.
A QUESTÃO IRLANDESA EM MARX E ENGELS
Authors: MARX Karl , ENGELS Friedrich
Published: May 2024

Apresentamos nesta edição da Revista Novos Rumos, em nossa já conhecida seção Clássicos/Documentos, três excertos importantes da obra de Marx e de Engels sobre a questão irlandesa naqueles idos dos anos 1840, em meio à exploração capitalista avançada da Inglaterra, e as características das lutas de classes no período.
Intrathecal Analgesia Versus Thoracic Epidural Analgesia for Thoracic Surgery
Authors: Matouk M. , Kachouane N. , Chettibi F.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Thoracic surgery is associated with severe postoperative pain involving parietal, visceral, and projected components. Potent analgesia at rest and during movement over an extended period is crucial. Thoracic epidural analgesia is considered the gold standard, but intrathecal analgesia may represent a promising alternative. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of intrathecal analgesia to provide comparable pain relief to thoracic epidural analgesia for thoracic surgery. Methods: This prospective, descriptive study was conducted over 12 months. Adult patients undergoing elective thoracic surgery were included after obtaining written informed consent. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either thoracic epidural analgesia (Epidural group, n=40) with a loading dose of 10 ml 0.1% bupivacaine + 10 mcg sufentanil followed by continuous infusion, or intrathecal analgesia (Intrathecal group, n=23) with a single injection of 500 mcg morphine + 10 mcg sufentanil. Standardized general anesthesia and postoperative care protocols were applied. Primary outcomes included intraoperative hemodynamics, postoperative pain scores (NRS 0-10), rescue analgesic requirements, patient satisfaction, and adverse effects. Results: The incidence of intraoperative hypotension was higher in the Epidural group (30% vs 8.7%, p=0.04). Postoperative pain scores were initially lower in the Intrathecal group, but the difference was not significant beyond 18 hours. Rescue morphine requirements were significantly higher in the Epidural group during the first 12 postoperative hours. Overall patient satisfaction was higher in the Intrathecal group (82.6% vs 62.5%, p=0.03). The incidence of nausea/vomiting and pruritus was significantly higher in the Intrathecal group. Discussion: Thoracic epidural analgesia was associated with a higher risk of intraoperative hypotension, likely due to the extended sympathetic blockade. Intrathecal analgesia provided superior early postoperative ....
Unilateral Laminotomy vs. Conventional Laminectomy: Which is Better for Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis?
Authors: Muhammad Jazib Ijaz  , Yasir Shehzad  , Soban Sarwar Gondal  , Fraz Mehmood  , Nadeem Akhtar  , Eesha Yaqoob  , Saad Javed
Published: May 2024

Objectives:  To compare the outcomes of conventional laminectomy and unilateral laminotomy for lumbar spinal stenosis.
Materials and Methods:  The results of our research were compared between unilateral laminotomy (Group A) and conventional laminectomy (Group B) for lumbar spinal stenosis using a sample of 60 cases (30 in each group) selected through non-probability convenient sampling. We calculated the sample size using OPENEPI and analyzed the data with SPSS 26.0. For qualitative and quantitative data.
Results:  Mean age of participants was 49.7 years in both groups, The sample consisted of 37 male and 23 female participants made up the patient population. Dural tears (5%), progressive neurological deficit (0%), and surgical site infections (1%), among other postoperative complications, were all treated with antibiotics based on culture and sensitivity.
Conclusion:  Bilateral decompression via unilateral laminotomy is a less invasive alternative to conventional laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis, with significantly improved pain scores and minimized hospital stay. This technique offers appropriate decompression of neuronal components at the affected level with no increased risk of complications.
Keywords:  Degenerative, Spinal Stenosis, Unilateral Laminotomy, Conventional Laminectomy
Incidence of Post-Operative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak in Patients Operated for Spinal Dysraphism
Authors: Raheel Gohar  , Lal Rehman  , Iram Bokhari  , Tanveer Ahmed  , Sagheer Ahmed  , Daniyal Mumtaz
Published: May 2024

for spinal dysraphism.
Materials and Methods:  80 patients who underwent surgery for spinal dysraphism were enrolled in this study. This study was conducted at Neurosurgery Unit, JPMC, Karachi. Patients from 1 month to 3 years of age were included in the study. Patients were followed for 2 months post-surgery. The incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leak among patients operated for spina bifida was determined.
Results:  Mean age was 1.5 years ± 5 months. There were 68.7% males and 31.3% females. 47.5% of patients had myelomeningocele, 41.3% of patients had meningocele, and 11.25% of patients had Tethered cords. Among 80 patients, 16.3% developed CSF leaks. 6.3% of patients were those who developed postoperative hydrocephalus and their CSF leak resolved after the VP shunt. In 8.8% of patients, CSF leaks resolved after suturing the leak area. 1.3% of patients with CSF leak developed meningitis; he was kept on antibiotics and was discharged on the 10th day of readmission. 5% of patients developed wound infections, they were kept on antibiotics, and daily dressings and were discharged within a week.
Conclusion:  Most common location for myelomeningocele and meningocele is the lumbosacral area followed by the thoracic and cervical regions. Overall, 28.6% developed complications. 16.3% of patients developed CSF leaks.CSF leak was seen more in myelomeningocele repair patients as compared to meningocele and tethered cord. Most of the leaks can be managed with simple suturing and VP shunts in patients complicated by postoperative hydrocephalus.
Keywords:  Myelomeningocele (MMC), Meningocele, Cerebrospinal fluid leak (CSF), VP Shunt.
Improvement and Complications after Two-Level ACDF Surgery at a Tertiary Care Facility: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sajid Khan  , Akram Ullah  , Bakht Jehan  , Arif Hussain  , Aafaq Ahmad Qarnain khalil  , Mumtaz Ali
Published: May 2024

Objective:  To assess immediate and long-term outcomes and complications of two-level ACDF in patients with degenerative cervical disc disease.
Materials & Methods:  A retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Neurosurgery at Prime teaching hospital, Peshawar. Patients with symptoms of cervical radiculopathy and radiculomyelopathy with two-level cervical disc disease were included. Patients with trauma, single-level disease, and those who had cervical corpectomy were excluded. Age, gender, Nurick Grading, level of involvement, and post-op outcomes were recorded.
Results:  27 cases among which 18 were males and 9 females were studied. 21 patients had radiculopathy while 6 had radiculomyelopathy. The mean age was 46 years. Nurick grade was from 2 to 6. ACDF was chosen as the procedure of choice. Follow-up involved the immediate post-op period for dysphagia, hoarseness of voice, and any neurological deficit, at 6 months and one year for outcomes of pain relief, improvement in paresthesia, and spasticity.
Conclusion:  ACDF is a safe and recommended procedure for 2-level cervical disc disease in terms of pain relief, paresthesia, and spasticity with acceptable complications.
EGFR-1 Expression in Meningioma: Insights into Gender Distribution and Grade
Authors: Naeem Shagufta , Naz Shabana , Khan Arshad , Afridi Ehtisham Ahmad Khan , Hamza Javed  , Sikandar Ahmed Zahid
Published: May 2024

Objective:  Meningioma is the most common primary brain. Histopathological grading (from I to III) is essential for prognostication and therapeutic decisions. EGFR-1 overexpression has been implicated in tumor progression and poor outcomes in various cancers. However, its role in meningioma pathophysiology and gender disparities remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the expression of EGFR-1 in grade I and grade II meningioma and explore associations with clinicopathological parameters.
Materials & Methods:  This cross-sectional study was conducted at Ayub Teaching Hospital in collaboration with the Neurosurgery Department, Histopathology Laboratory of Ayub Medical College, and Health Diagnostic Laboratory. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used to include meningioma patients aged 23-54 years after obtaining ethical approval. Data was collected from medical records, and histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis were performed on meningioma tissue samples. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Version 25, and associations between clinicopathological parameters and EGFR-1 expression were evaluated using appropriate tests.
Results:  We included 39 meningioma patients, with a female predominance of 22 (56.4%). The majority had grade I tumors (89.7%). EGFR-1 expression was observed as severe 30 (76.9%), moderate 7 (17.9%), and mild 2 (5.1%). No significant association was found between gender and meningioma grade or EGFR-1 expression. However, a significant association was observed between meningioma grade and EGFR-1 expression in grade I tumors (p = 0.049), but not in grade II tumors (p = 0.248).
Conclusions:  A significant correlation between meningioma grade and EGFR-1 expression in Grade I meningioma suggests that EGFR expression could serve as a prognostic biomarker.
Incidence of Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) Shunt Infection In Vancomycin-Drenched VP Shunts
Authors: Muhammad Nawaz Khan  , Mudasir Shah  , Arshad Khan  , Sajjad Ullah  , Muhammad Salman
Published: May 2024

Objective:  To determine the occurrence of infection in patients with VP (Ventriculoperitoneal) shunts that were drenched in vancomycin.
Materials and Methods:  A descriptive case series study was done in The Department of Neurosurgery, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from 10 September 2019 to 31 December 2020 to ascertain the frequency of VP shunt infections in vancomycin-drenched VP shunts. The patients were followed for 06 months.
Results:  A total of 100 patients were included in this study. There were 44 (44%) men and 56 (56%) women. Age ranged from birth to 18 years. Patients younger than 1 year were 44 (44%), older than 1 to 10 years were 33 (33%) and older than 10 years were 23 (23%). Congenital hydrocephalus was the most common type observed in 49 (49%) patients. Shunt infection occurred in 7 patients (7%) within 6 months after surgery. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen identified in 05 of 07 (71%) infected patients. P value <0.05 was observed in Vancomycin-soaked VP shunts and shunt infection, which is significant.
Conclusion:  The rate of shunt infection was significantly reduced when 2 mg/mL topical vancomycin was used intraoperatively (intra- and peri-shunt) in conjunction with a multi-step shunt infection prevention program. This treatment may be less expensive than using an antibiotic-impregnated catheter (AIC).
Transpedicular Fixation for the Alleviation of Neurogenic Claudication and Backache in the Management of Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Ahmad Sajjad , Mian Iftikhar ul haq
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the surgical outcome of transpedicular fixation for degenerative spondylolisthesis in terms of alleviation of neurogenic claudication and backache
Materials & Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out at the department of Neurosurgery, Medical Teaching Institute, Bacha Khan Medical Complex, Swabi over a period of two years i.e. from 1st July, 2021 to 30th June, 2023. Patients presenting with backache and neurogenic claudication and having spondylolisthesis on radiological investigations were subjected to transpedicular fixation and evaluated for improvement in symptoms and fusion rate at 6 months follow up.
Results: 60 patients participated in the study. Mean age was 41.42±7.29 years and 63.3% were females. L5-S1 was the most common level involved in 40% of the patients and 50% of the patients had Grade 2 spondylolisthesis. There was significant reduction in mean back-pain score on NRS post-operatively (Pre-op was 6.73±1.94 Vs. post-op was 1.57±1.34, P value = 0.00). The neurogenic claudication reduced from 88.3% Vs. 10% (P value = 0.00). The fusion rate was 90% at 6 month follow up.
Conclusion: Transpedicular fixation for degenerative spondylolisthesis is the most effective procedure in terms of relief of neurogenic claudication and backache.
Comparison of Transpedicular Fixation with Fusion with Transpedicular Fixation Alone in Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Muhammad Idris Khan  , Adnan Munir  , Sajjad Ullah  , Farooq Sherzada  , Haider Ali Khan  , Syeda Farwah
Published: May 2024

Objective:  This research evaluated the clinical outcomes of two surgical methods used to treat degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis in the short term. Fixation through the pedicles with or without inter-body fusion. Utilizing a spinal cage for first- and second-degree condition patients is one of the two methods being compared.
Materials & Methods:  A total of 28 individual lumbosacral spondylolisthesis were incorporated in the research. Based on the surgical method and fixation technique employed for their care, they were split into two groups at random. Posterolateral intertransverse bone fusion, transpedicular screw fixation, and posterior lumbar decompression operations were performed on Group A. Conversely, Group B underwent posterolateral interbody fusion via the implantation of interbody cages, transpedicular screws, and posterior decompression.
Results:  There existed no statistically significant association in terms of the two groups that is intraoperative and postoperative complications, clinical outcomes, and patient satisfaction, while noteworthy significance was observed about blood loss and rates of post-operative fusion.
Conclusion:  Incorporating a spinal implant in conjunction with transverse body fusion results in superior fusion rates and post-operative clinical improvements, while intertransverse bony fusion alone yields comparable patient satisfaction with reduced surgical times.
Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Biji Bunga Telang (C.ternatea L.) sebagai Agen Antihiperlipidaemia (Studi In Silico)
Authors: Kurniawati Atik , Nur Rahman Nur Rahman , Dwipajati Dwipajati
Published: May 2024

Hiperlipidemaemia didalam tubuh ditandai dengan meningkatnya kadar kolesterol didalam darah. Dibutuhkan hambatan kompetitif terhadap HMG-CoA reduktase.Senyawa dari tanaman herbal bunga telang (Clitorea ternatea L.) berpotensi sebagai agen antihiperlipidaemia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi biji bunga telang (C. ternatea L.) sebagai agen antihiperlipidemia melalui studi in silico. Persiapan ligand dengan reseptor menggunakan software YASARA. Moleculer docking menggunakan software PLANTS. Visualisasi menggunakan LigPlus dan PyMol. Reseptor yang digunakan adalah struktur kristal HMG-CoA reduktase dengan kode PDB 1HW9 dan ligand kontrol simvastatin.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan senyawa phloretin, trifolin dan trigonelline yang diprediksi memberikan efek antihiperlidemia berdasarkan studi in silico karena memiliki interaksi masing-masing secara berurutan yaitu phloretin (-64,05), trifolin (-59,24) dan trigonelline (-52,76). Residu asam amino yang berperan dalam ikatan ligand dengan reseptor adalah Asp 767, Tyr 761, Ala 768, Asn 771, Glu 801, Gln 770, Ser 774, Met 655, Ile 802, Gln 766.
UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.) SEBAGAI KANDIDAT ANTITUMOR DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT)
Authors: Ulya Tuhfatul , Halid Musparlin
Published: May 2024

Tumor merupakan penyakit yang ditandai dengan adanya pembelahan sel yang tidak terkendali. Saat ini, terapi pembedahan dan radioterapi adalah pengobatan tumor yang paling efektif, tetapi tidak efisien ketika sel tumor telah menyebar ke seluruh tubuh (metastasis). Kemoterapi merupakan terapi pilihan untuk sel tumor yang bermetastasis, namun kemoterapi memiliki kelemahan karena tidak hanya mempengaruhi sel tumor, tetapi juga sel sehat yang membelah dengan cepat. Kelapa (Cocos nucifera) merupakan komoditas perkebunan yang potensial karena hampir semua bagian tanamannya dapat dimanfaatkan, tak terkecuali daun kelapa. Namun belum banyak penelitian yang melihat kebermanfaatannya dalam kesehatan. Penelitian ini diawali dengan skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol daun kelapa. Uji toksisitas dilakukan dengan metode BSLT menggunakan 750 ekor larva Artemia salina yang terbagi dalam 6 kelompok (5 kelompok perlakuan dan 1 kelompok kontrol negatif), dengan konsentrasi ekstrak masing-masing kelompok perlakuan 1000, 500, 250, 125, dan 50 ppm, selanjutnya persen mortalitas larva Artemia salina dihitung setelah 24 jam paparan. Skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol daun kelapa menunjukkan hasil positif adanya senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, fenol, dan triterpenoid. Hasil uji toksisitas menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun kelapa  konsentrasi 1000, 500, 250, 125, dan 50 ppm mengakibatkan kematian pada larva Artemia salina. Persen mortalitas tertinggi ditemukan pada konsentrasi ekstrak 1000 ppm (41,33%). Nilai LC50 yang didapatkan sebesar 1621,05 ppm menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun kelapa tidak cukup toksik untuk berpotensi sebagai kandidat antitumor dan antikanker.
The FORMULATION AND ACTIVITY TEST OF GEDI LEAF (Abelmoschus manihot L.) ANTI-ACNE GEL ETHANOL EXTRACT ON Staphylococcus aureus IN VITRO
Authors: Suleman Abdul Wahid
Published: May 2024

Gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot L.) have compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids which are useful as antibacterials, such as the treatment of acne and other diseases. This research method was carried out in a laboratory experiment, namely gedi leaf extract was made in the form of a gel preparation with a concentration of negative control, FI (2.5%), FII (5%), FIII (7.5%) . Then proceed with the evaluation of the preparation with the organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, spreadability test, adhesion test, viscosity test, and Cyling test. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out using the well method. The results of this study indicate that the ethanol extract of gedi leaves can be formulated as an anti-acne gel preparation that is physically and chemically stable. In the antibacterial test, the inhibition zone formed in formula 1 (2.5%) was 10,7±0,95 mm, in formula 2 (5%) the inhibition zone formed was 15,6±0,86 mm and in formula 3 (7.5%) was the concentration which has the most optimal antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with an inhibition zone area of 18,8±0,70 mm. Conclusion: Gedi leaf ethanol extract anti-acne gel preparation can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus bacteria most effective at a concentration of 7.5%, namely 18,8±0,70 mm
REVIEW PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN SURFAKTAN PADA KARAKTERISTIK SEDIAAN ORODISPERSIBLE FILM (ODF) OBAT BERKELARUTAN RENDAH DALAM AIR: SIFAT DISINTEGRASI DAN DISOLUSI
Authors: Nining Nining
Published: May 2024

Orodispersible film (ODF) is a drug delivery gaining widespread acceptance because it disintegrates quickly and can be self-administered. ODF has the advantage of increasing the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) effectiveness by rapid dissolution in the oral cavity after direct contact with saliva. One of the components of ODF that influences the physical characteristics and dissolution of low-soluble drugs in water is surfactant. This material acts as a wetting or dispersing agent so the film can quickly disintegrate and release API. The method used is searching for international journal data using the Google Scholar. The surfactants reported to have been used in the ODF formulation are L-arginine, poloxamer 407, tween 80, and sodium dodecyl sulfate. In general, surfactant usage significantly affects the disintegration behavior of the film and API release. This behavior is caused by reducing the interfacial tension between phases by surfactants, which causes increased solid surface wetting and helps speed up the film disintegration and API dissolution from the ODF matrix. The conclusion is that surfactant usage with the appropriate type and concentration will help improve the ODF quality, especially in the disintegration properties of the dosage form and API dissolution.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN KEMAMPUAN ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH KENITU (Chrysophyllum cainito L) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Rahayu Lina Oktavia
Published: May 2024

Kenitu (Chrysophyllum cainito L) has strong antioxidant properties both in vitro and in vivo. The presence of this high antioxidant can be used as a natural agent to prevent and treat diseases associated with an imbalance of antioxidant levels in the body, such as diabetes. Some research results state that kenitu can be used as an antidiabetic. One type of complication in people with diabetes mellitus is the occurrence of bacterial infections of the skin. One type of bacteria that infects the most is Staphylococcus aureus. So far, the skin of the kenitu fruit has only been thrown away and has not been used. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of kenitu peel extract and to determine the ability of kenitu peel extract as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus. Research methods included extracting kenitu peel by maceration using 70% ethanol, testing antioxidant activity using the DPPH method, and testing the antibacterial activity of kenitu peel extract against Staphylococcus aureus. The results of the antioxidant activity test showed an IC50 value of 126.96 ppm. Antibacterial activity testing showed a MIC value of 250 ppm and a MBC value of 500 ppm. The conclusion of this study is that kenitu peel extract has moderate antioxidant activity and kenitu peel extract is able to inhibit the growth and kill Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.