bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk of Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Hyponatremic Adult Patients Hospitalized for Acute Medical Conditions: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Kutz Alexander , Ebrahimi Fahim , Aghlmandi Soheila , Wagner Ulrich , Bromley Miluska , Illigens Ben , Siepmann Timo , Schuetz Philipp , Mueller Beat , Christ-Crain Mirjam
Published: August 2020

Context

Hyponatremia has been associated with excess long-term morbidity and mortality. However, effects during hospitalization are poorly studied.

Objective

The objective of this work is to examine the association of hyponatremia with the risk of in-hospital mortality, 30-day readmission, and other short-term adverse events among medical inpatients.

Design and Setting

A population-based cohort study was conducted using a Swiss claims database of medical inpatients from January 2012 to December 2017

Patients

Hyponatremic patients were 1:1 propensity-score matched with normonatremic medical inpatients.

Main Outcome Measure

The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause in-hospital mortality and 30-day hospital readmission. Secondary outcomes were intensive care unit (ICU) admission, intubation rate, length-of-hospital stay (LOS), and patient disposition after discharge.

Results

After matching, 94 352 patients were included in the cohort. Among 47 176 patients with hyponatremia, 8383 (17.8%) reached the primary outcome compared with 7994 (17.0%) in the matched control group (odds ratio [OR] 1.06 [95% CI, 1.02-1.10], P = .001). Hyponatremic patients were more likely to be admitted to the ICU (OR 1.43 [95% CI, 1.37-1.50], P < .001), faced a 56% increase in prolonged LOS (95% CI, 1.52-1.60, P < .001), and were admitted more often to a postacute care facility (OR 1.38 [95% CI 1.34-1.42, P < .001). Of note, patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) had lower in-hospital mortality (OR 0.67 [95% CI, 0.56-0.80], P < .001) as compared with matched normonatremic controls.

Conclusion

In this study, hyponatremia was associated with increased risk of short-term adverse events, primarily driven by higher readmission rates, which was consistent among all outcomes except for decreased in-hospital mortality in SIAD patients.
NKX2-2 Mutation Causes Congenital Diabetes and Infantile Obesity With Paradoxical Glucose-Induced Ghrelin Secretion
Authors: Auerbach Adi , Cohen Amitay , Ofek Shlomai Noa , Weinberg-Shukron Ariella , Gulsuner Suleyman , King Mary-Claire , Hemi Rina , Levy-Lahad Ephrat , Abulibdeh Abdulsalam , Zangen David
Published: August 2020

Context

NKX2-2 is a crucial transcription factor that enables specific β-cell gene expression. Nkx2-2(–/–) mice manifest with severe neonatal diabetes and changes in β-cell progenitor fate into ghrelin-producing cells. In humans, recessive NKX2-2 gene mutations have been recently reported as a novel etiology for neonatal diabetes, with only 3 cases known worldwide. This study describes the genetic analysis, distinctive clinical features, the therapeutic challenges, and the unique pathophysiology causing neonatal diabetes in human NKX2-2 dysfunction.

Case Description

An infant with very low birth weight (VLBW) and severe neonatal diabetes (NDM) presented with severe obesity and developmental delay already at age 1 year. The challenge of achieving glycemic control in a VLBW infant was unexpectedly met by a regimen of 3 daily doses of long-acting insulin analogues. Sanger sequencing of known NDM genes (such as ABCC8 and EIF2AK3) was followed by whole-exome sequencing that revealed homozygosity of a pathogenic frameshift variant, c.356delG, p.P119fs64*, in the islet cells transcription factor, NKX2-2. To elucidate the cause for the severe obesity, an oral glucose tolerance test was conducted at age 3.5 years and revealed undetectable C-peptide levels with a paradoxically unexpected 30% increase in ghrelin levels.

Conclusion

Recessive NKX2-2 loss of function causes severe NDM associated with VLBW, childhood obesity, and developmental delay. The severe obesity phenotype is associated with postprandial paradoxical ghrelin secretion, which may be related to human β-cell fate change to ghrelin-secreting cells, recapitulating the finding in Nkx2-2(–/–) mice islet cells.
Lunge filter feeding biomechanics constrain rorqual foraging ecology across scale
Authors: Kahane-Rapport S. R. , Savoca M. S. , Cade D. E. , Segre P. S. , Bierlich K. C. , Calambokidis J. , Dale J. , Fahlbusch J. A. , Friedlaender A. S. , Johnston D. W. , Werth A. J. , Goldbogen J. A.
Published: August 2020

Fundamental scaling relationships influence the physiology of vital rates, which in turn shape the ecology and evolution of organisms. For diving mammals, benefits conferred by large body size include reduced transport costs and enhanced breath-holding capacity, thereby increasing overall foraging efficiency. Rorqual whales feed by engulfing a large mass of prey-laden water at high speed and filtering it through baleen plates. However, as engulfment capacity increases with body length (Engulfment Volume ∝ Body Length 3.57), the surface area of the baleen filter does not increase proportionally (Baleen Area ∝ Body Length1.82), and thus the filtration time of larger rorquals predictably increases as the baleen surface area must filter a disproportionally large amount of water. We predicted that filtration time should scale with body length to the power of 1.75 (Filter Time ∝ Body Length1.75). We tested this hypothesis on four rorqual species using multi-sensor tags with corresponding unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS) -based body length estimates. We found that filter time scales with body length to the power of 1.79 (95% CI: 1.61 - 1.97). This result highlights a scale-dependent trade-off between engulfment capacity and baleen area that creates a biomechanical constraint to foraging through increased filtration time. Consequently, larger whales must target high density prey patches commensurate to the gulp size to meet their increased energetic demands. If these optimal patches are absent, larger rorquals may experience reduced foraging efficiency compared to smaller whales if they do not match their engulfment capacity to the size of targeted prey aggregations.
Triangular Expanded Hemiporphyrazines: Electronic Structures and Nanoscale Characterization of Their Adlayers on Au(111)
Authors: Bacilla Ana C C , Okada Yusuke , Yoshimoto Soichiro , Islyaikin Mikhail K , Koifman Oskar I , Kobayashi Nagao
Published: August 2020

Electronic structures and direct observation of adlayers on Au(111) of triangular expanded hemiporphyrazines that can be classified into azaporphyrinoids and which can trap three transition metal ions are reported. The electronic structure was examined by electronic absorption and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopies and interpreted in conjunction with molecular orbital (MO) calculations. Both metal-free and metallated compounds were 30 π-electron systems with n = 7 in 4n + 2 aromaticity. In addition, calculations of the anisotropy of the induced current density (ACID) and nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) were performed. The inner core region of the metal-free compound was weakly anti-aromatic or nonaromatic, but after metal insertion, this region increased aromatic character. The direct observation of adlayers of one of their cobalt and nickel complexes on Au(111) by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) revealed that these three ions are arranged specifically in the shape of a triangle.
Incidental pulmonary embolism in CT scans of oncological patients with metastatic disease undergoing clinical trials: frequency and linkage with onset of disease progression (PE-PD association)
Authors: Lawson Philip , Raskin Stephen , Soffer Shelly , Marom Edith , Berger Raanan , Amitai Marianne Michal , Kharizman Tehila , Konen Eli , Klang Eyal
Published: August 2020

Objectives:

We aimed to analyze the association between the onsets of PE and of progressive disease (PD) in CT scans of oncological patients undergoing clinical trials.

Methods:

We retrospectively searched our oncological clinical trials database (1/2012 - 6/2017). We retrieved patients who underwent protocol baseline and follow-up CT scans. RECIST 1.1 categories of response were calculated for each scan at interpretation. The entire dataset was searched for reports with incidental PE. For patients with incidental PE, we collected all the scans conducted up to and including the scan with PE. For each scan, we retrieved the recorded RECIST 1.1 category. We excluded patients with PE at baseline. The frequency of incidental PE in oncological clinical trial patients was calculated. For patients with incidental PE, we evaluated the association between PE and PD.

Results:

During the study period, 1,070 patients underwent 3,818 CTs. The total number of follow-up months was 7,292 months. 18 patients developed incidental PE during follow-up. Thus, the frequency of incidental PE in oncological clinical trial patients was 3% per year of follow-up. Patients with incidental PE underwent 60 scans up to development of PE. Of 42 non-baseline scans, 6/6 (100%) PD showed PE, and 5/36 (13.9%) non-PD showed PE, making PE onset associated with PD onset (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

In oncological clinical trials, the frequency of incidental PE is 3% per year of follow-up. The onset of incidental PE is linked to the onset of PD.

Advances in knowledge:

Incidental PE is associated with the onset of disease progression. Radiologists interpret oncological scans should be aware of the association between PE and PD.
Associations between genetic factors in individualization of visual perception and components of event-related potentials during assessment of emotional visual stimuli (scenes) with distinct second-order features
Authors: Ermakov Pavel N. , Vorobyeva Elena V. , Kovsh Ekaterina M. , Stoletniy Alexander S. , Dalgatov Magomed M. , Khakunova Fatimet P. , Bersirova Asya K.
Published: August 2020

Background: The aim of this paper is to investigate the associations between polymorphisms in the BDNF, COMT, and HTR2A genes with peculiarity of visual perception. In particular, how the carriers of different genotypes of Indicated genes emotionally evaluating visual scenes with distinct second-order features (images modulated by contrast) and how corresponding process is reflected in event-related brain activity (ERP).

Methods: The study involved students who underwent PCR-based genetic analysis with the release of BDNF, COMT, and HTR2A genotypes. Participants were asked to emotionally assesse the specific stimuli – visual scenes that were generated from contrast modulations. At the same time the EEG were recorded using a 128-electrodes system. The average frequency of responses and ERPs for different emotional evaluations (negative, neutral and positive) were analyzed.

Results: The study showed the BDNF Val/Val polymorphism was associated with the increase in the P2 amplitude in the occipital regions compared to the Val/Met genotype regardless of emotional evaluation. The COMT Met/Met genotype polymorphism associated with the increase of N170 negativity in the occipital regions during evaluation task. The HTR2A polymorphism A/A associated with increase in the P1 amplitude when positive or negative assessment were chosen, and decrease of later positive peak when neutral evaluation was chosen.

Conclusions: The results suggested that emotional evaluation and recognition of visual scenes with distinct second-order features, as well as various strategies for processing visual information, reflected in amplitude and latency of different ERPs components and associated with the different genotypes of BDNF, COMT, and HTR2A genes. The indicated interconnections can act as genetic basis of individualize the mechanisms of visual perception.
Saúde Mental na Atenção Básica: Análise das Práticas de Apoio Matricial na Perspectiva de Profissionais
Authors: Moro Larissa Moraes , Ferreira Guilherme Severo , Rocha Kátia Bones
Published: August 2020

Este estudo objetiva analisar os processos de trabalho em saúde mental na perspectiva de profissionais da Atenção Básica (AB) de Porto Alegre/RS, estabelecendo aproximações e distanciamentos nas práticas desenvolvidas, conforme a modalidade de apoio matricial: equipes de referência de saúde mental e equipes de NASF-AB. Estudo qualitativo transversal, realizado em oito serviços, na qual participaram 20 profissionais. Entrevistas semiestruturadas foram conduzidas e analisadas através da Análise Temática. Analisou-se que as equipes de NASF se mostraram mais presentes nas unidades, o que contribui para a construção de ações conjuntas com as Equipes de Saúde da Família. O apoio matricial mostrou ter efeitos na diminuição dos encaminhamentos, na maior participação das equipes nas ações de saúde mental e no aumento da resolutividade da atenção. Destaca-se a importância do estabelecimento de medidas e ações que busquem consolidar todas os tipos de equipe de apoio matricial enquanto estratégia de qualificação da atenção à saúde mental na AB.
Sobre o que Ressoa e Faz Eco: Voz, Música e Lalíngua no Tratamento do Autismo
Authors: Viana Beatriz Alves , Brito Kemylle Mesquita , Furtado Luis Achilles Rodrigues
Published: August 2020

Esse artigo aborda a articulação entre os conceitos psicanalíticos de lalíngua e de voz, pensados a partir da clínica com sujeitos autistas. Com base nas vinhetas clínicas retiradas da literatura e da experiência de trabalho em serviços de Saúde Mental, busca-se investigar de que formas essas noções teóricas se apresentam primordialmente no ato de escuta e como estas podem indicar uma direção de tratamento no autismo a partir da música. A musicalidade da voz materna, por meio de uma ressonância que não se prende ao sentido, transmite uma invocação ao infans para que este advenha como sujeito, produzindo marcas a serem lidas. É necessário que tal invocação, para que possa ressoar no sujeito, ocorra primeiramente no campo do Outro, como forma de apelo. No autismo, no entanto, há impasses quanto à alienação aos significantes provenientes do Outro, sentidos como invasivos. Com isso, constatou-se que a introdução da musicalidade na clínica com esses sujeitos surge como possibilidade de deixar suas marcas, por se tratar de um elemento que permite mediação no âmbito da enunciação.
A SOCIEDADE DA INFORMAÇÃO: A BARBÁRIE EM TEMPOS DE FACEBOOK
Authors: Rosa Glaucia Silva da , Trojahn Luciane De Melo Gonçalves , Conte Elaine
Published: August 2020

Estamos passando por muitas mudanças influenciadas pelos avanços tecnológicos e científicos. Com isso, surge uma sociedade marcada pelo acesso à informação em versão instantânea, por meio dos smartphones, ipads, tablets, dentre outros instrumentos tecnológicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma pesquisa exploratória em torno da questão da sociedade da informação, analisando, com a técnica do grupo focal, dois grupos na rede social facebook constituídos um por professores e outro por estudantes da educação básica da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS. Trata-se de investigar como esses grupos focais estão percebendo os enfrentamentos e as barreiras tecnológicas que a sociedade inaugura no mundo. Com base nas experiências e nos dados coletados por meio da interação dos sujeitos participantes no grupo online, constatamos nesse ensaio que o grupo de professores vê a rede social como um instrumento que potencializa a aprendizagem e os aproxima dos estudantes, mas que inspira cuidados com o que é publicado. Já o grupo de estudantes está descobrindo outras funcionalidades para esse espaço que antes parecia servir apenas para conversar e para postar imagens, sem reflexão coletiva sobre estas.
E-LEARNING COMO FERRAMENTA DIGITAL HÍBRIDA: UMA METODOLOGIA COLABORATIVA NA FORMAÇÃO TÉCNICA
Authors: Rocha Ricael Spirandeli , Oliveira Gustavo Prado , Lima Gyzely Suely
Published: August 2020

Com base nas tecnologias que estão cada vez mais em evidência, o e-learning (aprendizado eletrônico) contribui no incentivo e disposição do acesso à informação no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. O objetivo deste trabalho é evidenciar a utilização do e-learning como ferramenta digital híbrida em um contexto pedagógico e colaborativo na formação técnica. Refere-se a um relato de experiência de caráter descritivo e exploratório com uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Dessa forma, resultados apontaram que a utilização do e-learning contribui no processo de construção do conhecimento em conjunto de aprendizagem híbrida e colaborativa, proporcionando significativo desempenho, liberdade e autonomia dos estudantes.
TODO ESPAÇO É POLÍTICO: ATIVISMO DE MULHERES NAS REDES SOCIAIS
Authors: Pires Desirée , Motta Castro Amanda
Published: August 2020

Na última década houve uma maior articulação dos movimentos sociais utilizando como recurso de propagação de suas pautas as mídias e, principalmente, as redes sociais. O movimento feminista também vem se apropriando desses espaços, demonstrando que é capaz de interagir e de alcançar um público que até mesmo não era atingido em momentos anteriores. No Brasil, manifestações como a Marcha das Vadias (2015) e o #EleNão (2018) demonstram que o movimento feminista não permanece, apenas, nas redes sociais, mas que possibilita uma articulação e organização que resultam em manifestações e protestos nas ruas, trazendo pautas que vão para além do ser mulher na sociedade brasileira. Sendo assim, a proposta deste artigo, o qual compõe uma pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida no Programa de pós-graduação em Educação/PPGEDU da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande/FURG, é realizar um levantamento bibliográfico sobre ativismo de mulheres nas redes sociais, o ciberfeminismo. Buscamos aqui responder a uma pergunta central: o que foi produzido no Brasil sobre o ativismo de mulheres nas redes sociais na última década?
MEMES, TECNOLOGIAS E EDUCAÇÃO: ‘CONVERSAS’ COM PROFESSORAS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Sotero Elaine , Coutinho Brenda
Published: August 2020

O foco do artigo é evidenciar a importância das tecnologias durante a pandemia do COVID-19, pois o uso dos artefatos tecnológicos está sendo cada vez mais útil nesse momento. Como o trabalho nos mostra, a tecnologia está sendo útil para que ocorram inúmeras interações, além de aulas online, criação de memes educativos, debates na internet etc.. Nesse momento, em que os encontros presenciais estão restringidos, e que as escolas estão fechadas,  a importância da educação é cada vez mais evidenciada, pois a mesma vem sendo negligenciada por governos e por outros setores da nossa sociedade. Estamos vivenciando um momento político e social que nos permite dar uma resposta contrária à banalização que vem ocorrendo na educação, ou seja, este momento contraria a posição de que a escola pode ser descartável e substituível por classes em casa, por exemplo (homeschooling). Ao contrário disso, a educação escolar se faz necessária em todos os contextos históricos da sociedade, sejam eles quais forem. Como questões sócias de gravidade, como a pandemia em curso podem de transformar em questões curriculares, mediadas pelas tecnologias e pelas criações que elas permitem? Como serão o mundo e as escolas pós pandemia é algo que estamos gestando agora e que esse artigo busca refletir.
Compreensão de estudantes de enfermagem sobre as Redes de Atenção à Saúde
Authors: Silva Thiago Lopes , Tomaschewski-Barlem Jamila Geri , Barlem Edison Luiz Devos , Brum Raissa Garcia , Neutzling Bruna Ruoso da Silva , Lourenção Luciano Garcia
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: analisar a compreensão de estudantes de graduação em enfermagem sobre as Redes de Atenção à Saúde. Método: estudo descritivo e exploratório, qualitativo, realizado com 27 estudantes em Enfermagem de uma universidade federal do sul do Brasil, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas entre agosto e setembro de 2018. Resultados: foi evidenciado o conhecimento dos estudantes em relação ao conceito e objetivo das Redes de Atenção à Saúde, a identificação de fragilidades na comunicação e a falta de conhecimento do usuário como obstáculos na efetivação das mesmas, a dificuldade em ver a atuação do enfermeiro dentro dos variados serviços das redes e a percepção sobre a fragmentação do processo de formação. Conclusão: O estudo contribui para a discussão sobre a inclusão dos estudantes nas Redes de Atenção à Saúde, com intuito de superar as exigências educacionais que buscam favorecer a efetivação do Sistema Único de Saúde e das Redes de Atenção à Saúde.
Relações entre o desenvolvimento infantil e as práticas pedagógicas representadas pelos professores de Educação Física
Authors: Santos Bruno Viviani dos , Campos Pedro Humberto Faria
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo objetivou compreender e analisar as representações sociais do desenvolvimento infantil  e discutir sua associação às práticas pedagógicas dos professores de Educação Física do Ensino Fundamental II. Para coleta de dados, foi aplicado um questionário com questões abertas a 103 professores, que deveriam explicar como o jogo de futsal, o jogo queimada e a dança contribuem para o desenvolvimento dos alunos nos aspectos afetivo, cognitivo e social. Os dados foram submetidos a uma análise do programa ALCESTE. Os resultados apontam para uma representação do desenvolvimento infantil na qual os sujeitos não estabelecem relações específicas entre as atividades apresentadas e as dimensões estudadas.
Características e influências de um currículo de Moda de uma universidade em Santa Catarina
Authors: Scoz Emanuella
Published: August 2020

Este artigo aborda as características de um currículo de Moda de uma universidade de Santa Catarina, de 1997, observando possíveis influências dos contextos educacionais e da Moda brasileira da década de 1990, o mundo do trabalho (ANTUNES, 2015), e a globalização (SANTOS, 2000). Objetiva analisar as características curriculares de um Bacharel em Moda de Santa Catarina, com a metodologia de análise temática e discursiva (BARDIN, 2016). Os resultados demonstram um currículo técnico, desalinhado às transformações do mundo do trabalho, mas pertinente à LDB/1996. Observaram-se escolhas culturais do curso superior para auxílio no desenvolvimento econômico, pautado na indústria e empregabilidade fabril.
Geometrical-based quasi-aspheric surface description and design method for miniature, low-distortion, wide-angle camera lens
Authors: Zhuang Zhenfeng , Dallaire Xavier , Parent Jocelyn , Roulet Patrice , Thibault Simon
Published: August 2020

In addition to utilizing traditional aspheric surfaces, complicated geometric curves for meeting stringent design requirements can also be adopted in optical systems. In this paper, we investigate two geometric shape modeling schemes, namely, pedal and cosine curves, which allow for representation of an S-shaped profile for the optical design of a camera lens. To obtain a powerful tool for representing a quasi-aspheric surface (QAS) to resemble the designed form surface, we linearly combine the pedal/cosine function with a base conic section. The detailed parameterization process of representation is discussed in this paper. Subsequently, an existing starting point that has similar specifications to that of the design requirements is selected. During the optimization process, a least-squares fitting algorithm is implemented to obtain the optimal coefficient values of the proposed QAS representation, and then the parameters (radii, air thickness, lens thickness, coefficients, materials, etc.) of the optical system are set to optimize the optical performance, gradually aiming to minimize the predefined merit function. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed geometric modeling schemes via two design examples. In comparison to a conventional aspheric camera lens of the same specifications, the optical performance with respect to field of view and distortion has been improved due to higher degrees of design freedom. We believe that the proposed technology of geometric modeling schemes promises to improve optical performance due to these higher degrees of freedom and appears to be applicable to many different camera lenses.
Vector surface solitons in optical lattices with fractional-order diffraction
Authors: Zhu Xing , Cao Shulei , Xie Jiaquan , Qiu Yunli , He Yingji
Published: August 2020

We report on the existence and stability of mixed-gap vector surface solitons at the interface between a uniform medium and an optical lattice with fractional-order diffraction. Two components of these vector surface solitons arise from the semi-infinite and the first finite gaps of the optical lattices, respectively. It is found that the mixed-gap vector surface solitons can be stable in the nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equations. For some propagation constants of the first component, the stability domain of these vector surface solitons can also be widened by decreasing the Lévy index. Moreover, we also perform stability analysis on the vector surface solitons, and it is corroborated by the propagations of the perturbed vector surface solitons.
UV-written grating couplers on thin-film lithium niobate ridge waveguides
Authors: Kores Cristine Calil , Fokine Michael , Laurell Fredrik
Published: August 2020

Grating couplers on thin-film lithium niobate ridge waveguides were designed and fabricated using UV-laser ablation. The calculated coupling efficiency with a sinusoidal grating can be as large as 53% in a 0.5 µm thin film. The maximum grating depth we fabricated was 130nm, limiting the coupling efficiency to a theoretical value of 18%. We fabricated grating couplers on adhered ridge waveguides of 20 µm thickness. Coupling light to waveguides on thin-film lithium niobate is still challenging, and here we present a fast, cheap and reliable fabrication alternative. It will benefit the on-chip testing of integrated components developed on this novel and promising material platform.
Distributed fiber sensor and machine learning data analytics for pipeline protection against extrinsic intrusions and intrinsic corrosions
Authors: Peng Zhaoqiang , Jian Jianan , Wen Hongqiao , Gribok Andrei , Wang Mohan , Liu Hu , Huang Sheng , Mao Zhi-Hong , Chen Kevin P.
Published: August 2020

This paper presents an integrated technical framework to protect pipelines against both malicious intrusions and piping degradation using a distributed fiber sensing technology and artificial intelligence. A distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system based on phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (φ-OTDR) was used to detect acoustic wave propagation and scattering along pipeline structures consisting of straight piping and sharp bend elbow. Signal to noise ratio of the DAS system was enhanced by femtosecond induced artificial Rayleigh scattering centers. Data harnessed by the DAS system were analyzed by neural network-based machine learning algorithms. The system identified with over 85% accuracy in various external impact events, and over 94% accuracy for defect identification through supervised learning and 71% accuracy through unsupervised learning.
Repeatability of material parameter extraction of liquids from transmission terahertz time-domain measurements
Authors: Ornik Jan , Lehr Jannik , Reuter Marco , Jahn David , Beltran-Mejia Felipe , Balzer Jan C. , Kleine-Ostmann Thomas , Koch Martin
Published: August 2020

Recently, many research groups worldwide have reported on the THz properties of liquids. Often these parameters, i.e., refractive index and absorption coefficient, are determined using liquids in cuvettes and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Here, we discuss the measurement process and determine how repeatable such measurements and the data extraction are using rapeseed oil as a sample. We address system stability, cuvette positioning, cuvette cleaning and cuvette assembly as sources affecting the repeatability. The results show that system stability and cuvette assembly are the most prominent factors limiting the repeatability of the THz measurements. These findings suggest that a single cuvette with precise positioning and thorough cleaning of the cuvette delivers the best discrimination among different liquid samples. Furthermore, when using a single cuvette and measurement systems of similar stability, the repeatability calculated based on several consecutive measurements is a good estimate to tell whether samples can be discriminated.
Enhanced saturable absorption in the laser-treated free-standing carbon nanotube films
Authors: Vanyukov V. V. , Mikheev K. G. , Nasibulin A. G. , Svirko Y. , Mikheev G. M.
Published: August 2020

We demonstrate an increase of optical transmittance and saturable absorption of laser-treated free-standing single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) films. The combined acid and low-power non-destructive laser treatment ensures an enhancement of linear transmittance across the visible range and double-digit increase of the saturable absorption of femtosecond laser radiation at 795 nm. The saturable absorption coefficient and the ratio of saturable to non-saturable losses increase by 26% and 35%, correspondingly, while the saturation intensity decreases by 20% because of the treatment. Our analysis indicates that with the performed treatment one can significantly improve the nonlinear optical properties of free-standing SWNT-based ultrafast saturable absorbers.
Enhanced spontaneous emission from two-photon-pumped quantum dots in a porous silicon microcavity
Authors: Dovzhenko Dmitriy , Krivenkov Victor , Kriukova Irina , Samokhvalov Pavel , Karaulov Alexander , Nabiev Igor
Published: August 2020

Photoluminescence (PL)-based sensing techniques have been significantly developed in practice due to their key advantages in terms of sensitivity and versatility of the approach. Recently, various nanostructured and hybrid materials have been used to improve the PL quantum yield and the spectral resolution. The near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence excitation has attracted much attention because it offers deep tissue penetration and it avoids the autofluorescence of the biological samples. In our study, we have shown both spectral and temporal PL modifications under two-photon excitation of quantum dots (QDs) placed in one-dimensional porous silicon photonic crystal (PhC) microcavities. We have demonstrated an up-to-4.3-fold Purcell enhancement of the radiative relaxation rate under two-photon excitation. The data show that the use of porous silicon PhC microcavities operating in the weak coupling regime permits the enhancement of the PL quantum yield of QDs under two-photon excitation, thus extending the limits of their biosensing applications in the NIR region of the optical spectrum.
Reversible ultrafast soliton switching in dual-core highly nonlinear optical fibers
Authors: Nguyen Viet Hung , The Tai Le Xuan , Bugar Ignac , Longobucco Mattia , Buczyński Ryszard , Malomed Boris A. , Trippenbach Marek
Published: August 2020

We experimentally investigate a nonlinear switching mechanism in a dual-core highly nonlinear optical fiber. We focus the input stream of femtosecond pulses on one core only, to identify transitions between inter-core oscillations, self-trapping in the cross core, and self-trapping of the pulse in the straight core. A model based on the system of coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations provides surprisingly good agreement with the experimental findings.
Hybrid nano-scale Au with ITO structure for a high-performance near-infrared silicon-based photodetector with ultralow dark current
Authors: Li Xinxin , Deng Zhen , Li Jun , Li Yangfeng , Guo Linbao , Jiang Yang , Ma Ziguang , Wang Lu , Du Chunhua , Wang Ying , Meng Qingbo , Jia Haiqiang , Wang Wenxin , Liu Wuming , Chen Hong
Published: August 2020

An internal photoemission-based silicon photodetector detects light below the silicon bandgap at room temperature and can exhibit spectrally broad behavior, making it potentially suited to meet the need for a near-infrared pure Si photodetector. In this work, the implementation of a thin Au insertion layer into an ITO/n-Si Schottky photodetector can profoundly affect the barrier height and significantly improve the device performance. By fabricating a nanoscale thin Au layer and an ITO electrode on a silicon substrate, we achieve a well-behaved ITO/Au/n-Si Schottky diode with a record dark current density of

3.7
×

10

−
7

  
A
/

cm

2

at

−
1
  
V

and a high rectification ratio of

1.5
×

10
8

at

±
1
  
V

. Furthermore, the responsivity has been obviously improved without sacrificing the dark current performance of the device by decreasing the Au thickness. Such a silicon-based photodetector with an enhanced performance could be a promising strategy for the realization of a monolithic integrated pure silicon photodetector in optical communication.
56 Gbps high-speed Ge electro-absorption modulator
Authors: Liu Zhi , Li Xiuli , Niu Chaoqun , Zheng Jun , Xue Chunlai , Zuo Yuhua , Cheng Buwen
Published: August 2020

A high-speed evanescent-coupled Ge waveguide electro-absorption modulator (EAM) with simple fabrication processes was realized on a silicon-on-insulator platform with a 220 nm top Si layer. Selectively grown Ge with a triangle shape was directly used for Ge waveguides of the EAM. An asymmetric p-i-n junction was designed in the Ge waveguide to provide a strong electric field for Franz–Keldysh effect. The insertion loss of the Ge EAM was 6.2 dB at 1610 nm. The EAM showed the high electro-optic bandwidth of 36 GHz at

−
1
  
V

. Clear open 56 Gbps eye diagrams were observed at 1610 nm with a dynamic extinction ratio of 2.7 dB and dynamic power consumption of 45 fJ/bit for voltage swing of 3Vpp.
Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil Extracted from Baeckea
frutescens L. Harvested in Hai Duong Province, Vietnam using GC-MS
Authors: TOAN TRAN QUOC , TRUYEN CHU QUANG , HONG MINH PHAM THI , LONG PHAM QUOC , HUYEN LUU VAN , KIM NGAN TRAN THI , HAI HA PHAM THI
Published: August 2020

Baeckea frutescens is a tropical plant with great medicinal potential. The oil of B. frutescens has high inhibitory, antibacterial and antifungal
properties, especially against Staphylococcus aureus strains. The oil of B. frutescens has a spicy, bitter and warm properties that
can cure aches and pains. In this study, the essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and the chemical analysis of B. frutescens
essential oils was carried out using GC-MS. It was revealed that main components of leaf oil B. frutescens included 26 compounds such
as tasmanone (21.46%), β-pinene (15.64%), 1,8-cineole (11.32%), α-thujene (8.74%), α-pinene (7.18%), linalool (7.44%), terpinen-4-ol
(5.11%), α-terpineol (4.46%), γ-terpinene (3.37%), o-cymene (2.72%). The results open new directions in the application of compounds
in B. frutescens essential oils to expand research and development of pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries.
Determination of Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of
Melaleuca cajuputi Essential Oil from Quang Tri Province, Vietnam
Authors: TOAN TRAN QUOC , PHUONG THAO LAI PHUONG , QUYET CHIEN NGUYEN , HONG VAN NGUYEN THI , PHUONG ÐOAN LAN , HUONG TRINH THU , QUAN PHAM MINH , INH CAM THI , HONG MINH PHAM THI , BICH HOANG THI , KIM NGAN TRAN THI , THAI THAN VAN , VIET NGUYEN THANH , BACH LONG GIANG , LONG PHAM QUOC
Published: August 2020

The essential oil of Melaleuca cajuputi was obtained by hydrodistillation method. This work aims to adopt water as a solvent in a batch
process to extract essential oil from Melaleuca cajuputi fresh leaves. The leaves are collected from Quang Tri Province, Vietnam. Analysis
of constituents was performed by GC/MS. The maximum yield ranged from 0.6 to 0.7%. Several compounds have been identified in high
quantities and meaningful qualitative and quantitative differences have been observed under different conditions. The main components
of the M. cajuputi essential oil included eucalyptol (27.512%), γ-terpinene (8.59%), terpinolene (9.047%), β-eudesmene (3.359%), α-
selinene (3.889%), α-terpineol (4.108%), 1R-α-pinene (2.158%), caryophyllene (6.48%) and α-caryophyllene (3.522%). This study has
confirmed that the essential oil of M. cajuputi essential oil is a promising bactericidal agent on several Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria.
Sterols from Echinopsis oxygona (Link) zucc. ex Pfeiff
Authors: GONZALES RHANNEY L. , SHEN CHIEN-CHANG , RAGASA CONSOLACION Y.
Published: August 2020

Echinopsis oxygona (Link) zucc. ex Pfeiff, commonly known as easter lily cactus and sea urchin cactus, is grown as an ornamental plant
in the Philippines. Chemical investigation of the dichloromethane extracts of E. oxygona has led to the isolation of ostreasterol (1),
ostreasteryl fatty acid esters (2) and ergosterol peroxide (3) from the flowers and a mixture of β-sitosterol (4) and stigmasterol (5) in about
2:1 ratio from the stems. Compounds 3-5 were reported to exhibit anticancer properties. This is the first report on the chemical constituents
of E. oxygona.
Effects of Sclerocarya birrea Stem-Bark Extracts on Glucose Uptake, Insulin
Synthesis and Expression of Selected Genes Involved in the Synthesis and
Secretion of Insulin in Rat Insulinoma Pancreatic Beta Cells
Authors: KGOPA A.H. , SHAI L.J. , MOGALE M.A.
Published: August 2020

The present study reported the effects of Sclerocarya birrea stem-bark (SBSB) extracts on glucose uptake, insulin synthesis and the
expression of glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), glucokinase, pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1), musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma
oncogene homolog A (MafA) and pre-proinsulin genes in rat insulinoma (RIN)-m5F pancreatic beta cells. The amount of glucose takenup
by RIN-m5F cells was measured using a glucose oxidase-based assay kit. Intracellular and secreted insulin were measured using an
enzyme linked immunoassay kit. Pre-proinsulin gene expression was determined using the conventional polymerase chain reaction
(PCR) technique, while the expressions of GLUT2, glucokinase, PDX-1 and MafA genes were evaluated using quantitative real-time
PCR technique. Of the four SBSB extracts investigated in the study, only the SBSB hexane extract positively affected all the study
variables in RIN-m5F cells compared with the DMSO control. Thus, the SBSB hexane extract contains phytochemicals capable of
enhancing insulin synthesis partly through up-regulation of the expression of GLUT2, glucokinase, PDX-1, MafA and pre-proinsulin genes.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Erythrosin-B using Cadmium
Cobaltite for Water Reuse: Efficiency and Degradation Pathway
Authors: SAMOTA JAYANTI , SHARMA SURAJ , BHARDWAJ SHIPRA , INTODIA KUMUD
Published: August 2020

In present work, a photocatalytic degradation of Erythrosin-B has been studied using cadmium cobaltite. The impact of different parameters
such as pH, amount of cadmium cobaltite, concentration of Erythrosin-B and light intensity have been observed on the reaction rate.
Radical quenching experiments revealed that hydroxyl radicals are primarily responsible for the degradation of Erythrosin-B. The progress
of reaction monitored spectrophotometrically and it followed pseudo first-order kinetics. An experimental mechanism is proposed for the
photochemical degradation of Erythrosin-B.
A Novel Sensor from Cyclotriveratrylene Derivative for
Rapid Detection of 4-Nitrophenol Based on Fluorescence
Authors: FERNANDES PATRICK F. , MISHRA DIVYA R.
Published: August 2020

In order to study various environmental pollutants among the class of nitro aromatic compounds, a new and novel sensor derived from a
cyclotriveratrylene derivative has been developed which rapidly detects 4-nitrophenol from among the class of nitro aromatic compounds
via spectrofluorimetric method. The newly derrivaritized cyclotriveratrylene compound is successfully confirmed by using the available
techniques of 1H NMR, 13C NMR and ESI-MS. The newly developed molecule was named 4C7NbF-CTV. The complexation behaviour
of 4C7NbF-CTV with various nitro aromatic compounds was studied. In the absorption spectra a shift was observed, which indicated that
4-nitrophenol interact with 4C7NbF-CTV. An enhanced intensity of fluorescence of 4C7NbF-CTV was observed on adding 4-nitrophenol.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Some
Novel Regioisomers of Ropivacaine Analogues: An Anaesthetic Drug
Authors: SHARAVANAN S.P.N. , VENKATESAN C.S. , SURESH RAJU D. BHASKARA , KABILAN S.
Published: August 2020

A series of ropivacaine analogues were synthesized by altering the methyl group substituent in the aromatic ring. The synthesized
compounds (2a-f and 3a-f) were characterized by using IR, NMR and HRMS analysis and then compounds 3a-3f were screened in vitro
anticancer (MTT assay) activity against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), antibacterial and antioxidant (DPPH scavenging assay) studies.
The biological studies revealed that the compounds 3c and 3f have shown a good inhibitory activity against MCF-7 cell line. Compounds
3e, 3b, 3c and 3f showed moderate antioxidant activity. There was no inhibition observed against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria.
Enhancement Effect of Fe-Co-Ni/BC Nanoparticles for Membraneless Fuel Cells
Authors: SELVARANI V. , KIRUTHIKA S. , SUDHA V. , GAYATHRI A. , MUTHUKUMARAN B.
Published: August 2020

Biocarbon (BC) supported iron–cobalt–nickel (Fe–Co–Ni/BC) nanoalloy catalysts were synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted chemical
reduction method. The morphological and physico-chemical characteristics show that the 1:1:1 composition of Fe–Co–Ni/BC catalyst
has the Fe face-centered cubic (fcc) solid-solution structure showing the incorporation of Co and Ni. The electrocatalytic execution of this
iron-based nanoalloy catalyst and its interaction with biocarbon was explored in a membraneless fuel cell and compared with carbon
supported Fe–Co–Ni catalyst (Fe–Co–Ni/C). In a single-cell test, the power density obtained for Fe–Co–Ni/BC (35.4 mW/cm2) was
better than that of Fe–Co–Ni/C (31.3 mW/cm2), utilizing 0.1 mol/L sodium perborate as oxidant and 1 mol/L ethylene glycol as fuel in an
alkaline medium. The electrochemical findings revealed that the execution and solidness of the Fe–Co–Ni/BC catalyst is good and
prevalent to that of Fe–Co–Ni/C catalyst. The better execution of BC-supported catalyst is due to its high electrical conductivity, high
porosity and expansive surface area. It is been concluded that both the advantageous impact and the nature of support have an imperative
part on the execution of Fe–Co–Ni/BC nanoalloy catalysts for the CO2-free ethylene glycol oxidation. Subsequently, it is accepted that the
BC-supported Fe–Co–Ni nanoalloy catalysts are anticipated to be broadly utilized in electrocatalytic energy-conversion applications.
Spectroscopic Properties, Magnetic Behaviours and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of Ag[Cr(1,3-pdta)]·3H2O
Authors: JEON SUNGHWAN , TANAKA SHINNOSUKE , AKITSU TAKASHIRO , RYO KEON SANG , CHOI JONG-HA
Published: August 2020

The presence of various functional groups present in Ag[Cr(1,3-pdta)]·3H2O (1,3-pdta = 1,3-propanediaminetetraacetate) was confirmed
by FT-IR spectral results. The electronic spectral properties and magnetic behaviours were also described. The results of our calculations
yielded the crystal field splitting and Racah parameters of Dq = 1969 cm-1, B = 594 cm-1 and C = 3250 cm-1. Hirshfeld surface analysis by
three-dimensional (3D) molecular surface contours and two-dimensional (2D) fingerprint plots were performed to visualize, explore and
quantify the intermolecular interactions in the crystal lattice. Hirshfeld surface contours and 2D fingerprint maps revealed that the crystal
packing is dominated by H···O/O···H and H···H contacts. The strong hydrogen-bonding interactions are linked with O–H···O consisting the
highest fraction of 63.4% followed by these of the H···H type contributing 25.5%. Other very weak contacts of Ag···O/O···Ag, C···H/H···C,
O···O, Ag···H/H···Ag and O···C/C···O are present in the title compound.
Controlled Synthesis, Characterization and Magnetic Properties of
Unsymmetrical Heterodinuclear CuIIMII (M = Co, Mn and Cd)
Complexes in Alkoxo Bridged Acyclic Ligand Environment
Authors: GHOSH DIPESH
Published: August 2020

This work reports the syntheses of heterodinuclear Cu(II)-Co(II), Cu(II)-Mn(II) and Cu(II)-Cd(II) complexes following a convenient
single-pot synthetic procedure using the two asymmetric binucleating ligands. Site-specificity offered by one of the ligands' arms towards
Cu(I) center has been successfully exploited here, avoiding all sorts of impending scrambling reactions. X-ray crystallography and ESImass
spectral studies have been used to prove the exclusivity of these products. Magnetic studies at variable temperatures (4-300 K) have
been proved inadequate to assign any spin-ground state for Cu(II)-Co(II) and Cu(II)-Mn(II) compounds.
1D MoO3 Nanorods Decorated by Palladium Nanoparticles: Surface
Plasmon Resonance Promoted Photodegradation of Congo Red Dye
Authors: PARVATHI L.T. , KARUTHAPANDIAN S.
Published: August 2020

In this work, 1D, MoO3 palm leaf shaped nanorods decorated by palladium nanoparticle for the photodegradation of organic pollutant.
The Pd loaded MoO3 ratio were optimized and 2% Pd loaded MoO3 shows excellent photodegradation towards the organic pollutants. The
synthesized Pd decorated MoO3 nanorods were characterized by various analytical tools such as TEM, SEM, BET, EDX, XRD, UV-DRS
etc., The TEM and SEM results revealed that the palm leaf shaped MoO3 nanorods was well decorated by Pd metals. The crystallite size
of MoO3 was decreased when increases the palladium loading percentage. The surface area of MoO3 lowered when palladium loaded. The
prepared nanocomposites were in high purity confirmed by EDX analysis. The energy gap tailored into visible region by loaded palladium.
The catalytic efficiency of the prepared nanocomposites were tested against the photo degradation of organic pollutant within 60 min and
rate constant also calculated. The catalyst was not much lower their activity even five reusability. The OH− and h+ (holes) were the active
species involved in the photodegradation mechanism.
Behaviour of ortho-N-Glycoside as Green Corrosion Inhibitors for Tin in 0.5 M Citric Acid
Authors: MOHAMED MERVATE MOHAMED , AL-QADRI FATIMA A. , ALSAIARI RAIEDHAH , SHEDAIWA IMAN MOHAMMAD , ALSAIARI MABKHOOT , MUSA ESRAA MOHAMED
Published: August 2020

A bio-nondegradable functional glycoside derivative, viz. ortho-N-glycoside, was extracted from natural cabbage plants and its corrosion inhibition behavior was evaluated in relation to tin in a 0.5 M citric solution. An electrochemical study, using potentiodynamic polarization and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SEM), was conducted to determine corrosion inhibition. The results indicate that ortho-Nglycoside possesses a corrosion inhibition efficiency of 75.83% at a concentration of 0.5 mol L-1. The results of adsorption over the tin surface obeys Langmuir isotherm. The surface and the electrochemical reactivity of the tin samples in the citric acid solutions were examined using the SEM technique. This enable the corrosion type to be demonstrated. The results of the surface analysis be obtained using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).