bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a method for assessing the functioning of a grain product sub-complex using mathematical modeling
Authors: Beisekova Perizat , Ilyas Assel , Kaliyeva Yelena , Kirbetova Zhanar , Baimoldayeva Meruert
Published: May 2023

The object of the study is the process of functioning of enterprises of the grain product subcomplex. In the course of the study, the problem of the growth rate and the peculiarities of the functioning of enterprises of the grain product subcomplex were solved.
An assessment of the functioning of the grain product subcomplex was carried out Republic of Kazakhstan using mathematical modeling, for which a methodology has been developed that allows considering factors with a heterogeneous metric, which includes the following steps:
1) index analysis twenty-one indicators, divided into groups;
2) development of formulas for calculation and integral indicators characterizing their dynamics;
3) determining the pace of functioning of the grain product subcomplex for 2011–2021. Graphs were made and a forecast of the performance indicators of the subcomplex until 2024 is presented for one of each group with the maximum coefficient of determination R2. According to three scenarios: optimistic, probabilistic and pessimistic. R2 is an indicator of the quality of forecasts: than the closer its value is to one, the higher the probability of execution. For eleven charts, the coefficient of determination is in the range from 0.9003 (pessimistic forecast for other industrial use of grain) to 0.9838 (optimistic forecast for the number of granaries). For ten, from 0.8025 to 0.8702, and for nine, from 0.705 to 0.7932. This means that the reliability of the calculations for twenty-nine forecast options is in the range from 70 to 98 %. This indicates fairly objective predictive values of the subcomplex performance indicators until 2024. Based on the results of the studies, optimistic and pessimistic scenarios are more likely to be implemented.
Level of fire danger of the local territory
Authors: Kustov Maksym , Fedoryaka Oleg , Kononovych Viacheslav , Khalmuradov Batyr , Borodych Pavlo , Kurtseitov Tymur , Nikitin Anatolii , Romaniuk Valentyn , Meshcheriakov Ivan , Veretennikova Julia
Published: May 2023

The object of the study is the fire risk of the local area. The problem to be solved is to take into account most of the significant parameters in the territorial placement of fire-rescue units of different functional capacities. As part of the solution to this problem, a technique for assessing the fire risk of a large-scale local area has been developed. The methodology is focused on local territories of a large area with a low population density. A special feature of the proposed method is the differentiated fire risk assessment of each point of the surface plane. For such an assessment, the parameters that are decisive from the point of view of impact on the fire hazard are analyzed and structured. The specified factors include the spatial distribution of population density and buildings, the transport and communication network, the spatial distribution of the density and type of vegetation, and statistical data on landscape fires. The use of existing geo-informational resources in real time is foreseen. A new approach of ranking the fire risk of the elementary plane of the territory in accordance with the necessary number of resources of rescue units to ensure the appropriate level of safety is proposed. Neural network data processing methods were used to compare local area parameters with fire risk ranks. A neural network capable of comparing the fire risk of the territory with its parameters was obtained. The functionality of the developed methodology was tested and the fire risk levels of an arbitrary area were graded with an average degree of correlation of 0.97. The proposed method allows for assessment and correction of the state of provision of local territories with civil protection resources. The developed methodology is especially relevant when creating new fire and rescue units of territorial communities.
Directions for improving the international legal regulation of the support program for the transfer of innovations and technologies "Horizon Europe"
Authors: Davydiuk Oleksandr , Duiunova Tetiana , Shovkoplias Hanna , Sivash Olena , Hlushchenko Svitlana , Lisohorova Kateryna , Maryniv Ivanna
Published: May 2023

This paper reports a study into the essence, levels, forms, principles, and types of means of innovative support, as well as the procedure for their provision, which are provided for by the framework agreement "Horizon Europe". A critical analysis of certain elements of this framework agreement was performed. The expediency of conducting scientific research on changing the international legal regulation of implementation of measures of innovative support within the framework program of the European Union "Horizon Europe" has been substantiated.
This study is aimed at forming the concept of improving the normative mechanisms of legal regulation of the implementation of means of innovative incentives within the framework of the law of the European Union. In addition, the issue of developing proposals to improve legal mechanisms for assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of previously provided means of support was investigated.
It is proved that the formation of an integral concept of supporting innovation processes within the framework of the temporary framework program has a destabilizing effect. A concept of improving the system of normative regulation of means of innovative support and technology transfer in the general system of EU legislation has been proposed. Within the framework of the proposed concept, the expediency of transferring part of the subject of legal regulation of the framework agreement "Horizon Europe" to acts of EU legislation of a higher level is substantiated. Also, a concept of improving the legal mechanisms for assessing the effectiveness of previously provided incentives for innovation and technology transfer has been formed. It is substantiated that such mechanisms should be based on the activities of an expert collegial body within the European Innovation Council.
The study results could be used in the formation of international regulations, for the appropriate regulation of these relations.
Development of technology of boiled sausage from non-traditional raw materials
Authors: Tayeva Aigul , Kozhakhiyeva Madina , Jetpisbayeva Bagila , Tlevlessova Dinara , Samadun Abdyssemat , Valiyv Aivaz
Published: May 2023

This paper considers the possibility of improving the functional and technological properties of boiled camel sausage with the addition of hump fat and chicken fillet. The effect of pumpkin peel powder on lipid oxidation, functional and technological properties of sausages from combined meat was investigated. Camel meat as a meat product has many advantages, for example, low fat content, high nutritional value, and its taste is barely distinguishable from beef. At the same time, it has the following disadvantages: sweetish taste, coarse-fiber structure; camel sausage has a lower shelf life compared to beef sausage; it is harder due to the content of hydroxyproline. To improve the functional and technological properties, dried rowan powder and pumpkin peel powder of the "Winter Sweet" variety, a zoned variety, were added in different quantities for comparison. The control sample was made in accordance with GOST for boiled sausage, with the replacement of fat with hump fat, and the replacement of beef with camel meat. For experimental samples, a plan for a full-factor experiment was built, taking into account the material balance. Additives varied in 3 levels, from 3 to 6 %. 7 samples with control were in total with the control sample being the sausage prepared according to the same recipe but without additives. There were three parallel experiments in each sample. It was revealed that hydrated rowan powder has a negative effect on taste but, at lower doses, it gives a spicy taste to the sausage while the addition of hydrated powder from pumpkin peels improves taste and organoleptic characteristics. Thus, one can conclude that waste in the form of pumpkin peels is also a valuable and useful product for improving the functional, technological, and organoleptic characteristics of sausage. The result of this study shows that when hydrated rowan powder and pumpkin peel powder are added, the problem of taste, aftertaste, smell, and shelf life is solved in the selected ratio, while the sausage also becomes more tender overall
Improvement of the solution search method based on the cuckoo algorithm
Authors: Mohammed Basem Abdullah , Zhuk Oleksandr , Vozniak Roman , Borysov Ihor , Petrozhalko Volodymyr , Davydov Igor , Borysov Oleh , Yefymenko Oleksandr , Protas Nadiia , Kashkevich Svitlana
Published: May 2023

An improved method of finding solutions based on the cuckoo algorithm is proposed. The research object is the decision-making support systems. The research subject is the decision making process in management tasks using artificial intelligence methods. The hypothesis of the research is to increase the efficiency of decision making with a given assessment reliability. The proposed method is based on a combination of the cuckoo algorithm and evolving artificial neural networks. The method has the following differences:
‒ an additional processing of the source data takes place taking into account the uncertainty about the state of the control objects and the type of data noise about the state of the control object is additionally taken into account;
‒ the state model of the control object is adjusted taking into account the available computing resources of the system;
‒ added procedures to reduce the probability of detecting nests and reducing the length of the cuckoo’s step;
‒ knowledge bases about management objects are additionally taught. The training procedure consists in learning the synaptic weights of the artificial neural network, the type and parameters of the membership function and the architecture of individual elements and the architecture of the artificial neural network as a whole. The effectiveness of the proposed method was evaluated and it was established that the proposed modification provides a better value of the objective function compared to the results obtained by other authors and ensures the fulfillment of all restrictions. The specified example showed an increase in the efficiency of data processing at the level of 21–28 % due to the use of additional improved procedures. It is advisable to use the proposed method in decision making support systems of automated control systems.
Establishing regularities in the transportation of concrete with coarse filler by a tubular belt with partitions
Authors: Gavryukov Аlexandr , Tretiak Andrii , Zaprivoda Andriy , Inosov Sergiy
Published: May 2023

This paper reports a study into the holding capacity of tubular belt with partitions of a mixture of concrete and the effect of the technique of loading the tubular belt on increasing the pressure of the material on the partition. The task solved was the establishment of regularities in the process of transporting concrete with coarse aggregate and, on their basis, the determination of the structural and technological solution.
The studies have shown that the use of transverse partitions significantly increases the holding capacity of the load by a tubular belt and makes it possible to transport concrete with coarse filler.
It has been experimentally proved that when using the belt with transverse grooves Reef-1, the force of cargo on the partition is several times less than when using a smooth belt. The force of the load on the partition can be reduced if loading takes place on a horizontal or slightly inclined surface of the belt.
The properties of the load and the height of the layer of material loaded into the tubular belt significantly affect the force arising on the partition. With the height of the layer of material to be loaded, the force increases to a certain limit, which depends on the initial resistance to the shift of the material, after which it remains constant. Based on the results, plots of the dependence of the force on the partition on the angle of inclination of the belt and the weight of the material were constructed.
The operability based on specific initial (numerical) data of the derived theoretical dependences describing the efforts of the above-placed layers of material on the partition located in the tubular belt has been experimentally confirmed. The methodology of research and design of experimental benches for measuring the load on the partition of tubular belt conveyors was refined.
The results make it possible to consider the construction of a crane ‒ a concrete dispenser equipped with a tubular belt conveyor with partitions for the construction of high-rise structures
Design of an intelligent system to control educational laboratory equipment based on a hybrid mini-power plant
Authors: Orobchuk Bogdan , Buniak Oleh , Sysak Ivan , Babiuk Serhii
Published: May 2023

The object of research is the processes of energy conversion based on the use of alternative energy sources with an intelligent control system of actuators. This technological advancement is part of the equipment at the laboratory of dispatch control over power supply of Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University. The research and the designed system could increase the level of training of future specialists for production activities during the educational process. Another task addressed was to provide technological production with practically trained specialists who could successfully work under conditions of its high automation and informatization. As a result of the research, an operating model of a hybrid solar mini-power plant and a controller with a Wi-Fi module were constructed. On the basis of the designed controller, an intelligent control system of actuators was built, which is powered by this power plant. Owing to the flexible configuration system, the controller is easily adjusted for various production tasks while the controller software provides the possibility of updating and expanding its functionality in the future. The controller has a web interface that allows monitoring and debugging from browsers without using specialized applications. A feature of the designed intelligent control system is that it can operate continuously owing to power from a hybrid solar power plant. The power plant built operates both from solar energy and from a centralized network and rechargeable batteries under an automatic mode. The results of research and technological advancements could be useful in forming practical skills of would-be specialists in the design and implementation of energy-efficient technologies, as well as intelligent control systems in the electric power industry
Sealing effect on corrosion resistance of boric sulfuric acid anodizing on AA2024
Authors: Zuchry Muhammad , Renreng Ilyas , Arsyad Hairul , Arma Lukmanul Hakim , Widyianto Agus
Published: May 2023

Aluminum is widely used due to its excellent properties, lightweight and thermal conductivity. However, when used in aircraft applications, it can cause corrosion and sticking, compromising safety. To address this issue, anodizing is used to improve aluminum's corrosion resistance and adhesion. In this study, the AA2024 material was anodized using the boron-sulfuric acid anodization (BSAA) process, followed by a sealing process using acetic acid. This sealing process forms an oxide layer on the aluminum's surface, which reduces the corrosion rate. The study investigated the effects of anodization voltage and time on the results of BSAA anodization through quantitative and qualitative measurements, including corrosion resistance, potentiodynamic polarization, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that samples anodized with a gasket could reduce the corrosion rate by up to 85 % compared to those without a gasket and substrate. The most significant reduction in corrosion rates occurred at an anodization voltage of 10 V and an anodization time of 15 min. The potentiodynamic test results indicated that the Tafel plot during sealing lies in the cathodic region where the corrosion current density decreases with increasing voltage. SEM observations revealed that the anodizing process could provide an oxide layer on the samples' surface, while the sealing process creates a smooth surface. EDS analysis showed that an oxide compound was formed in an oxide bond state after the sample surface was subjected to the sealing treatment. Overall, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of BSAA anodization in improving corrosion resistance and highlights the importance of considering the anodization parameters
Pattern identification of the non-stationary laminar flow of a viscous fluid in the round pipe inlet section
Authors: Sarukhanyan Arestak , Vardanyan Yeghiazar , Baljyan Pargev , Vermishyan Garnik
Published: May 2023

The study of the patterns of change in the hydrodynamic parameters under the conditions of non-stationary flow at the entry of the cylindrical pipe and the initial arbitrary distribution of velocities in the entry section was conducted based on the boundary layer equations. A boundary problem was formed under the axisymmetric change conditions in the flow. The boundary conditions were chosen in accordance with the pattern of an arbitrary distribution of velocities in the entry section. A general solution of the approximating Navier-Stokes equations is presented depending on the initial conditions and the Reynolds number. In accordance with the type of flow, the boundary conditions of the problem are established, and the boundary-value problem is formulated. Regularities for the change in velocities lengthwise in the entrance region have been obtained for a constant and parabolic velocity distribution in the inlet cross-sections. Analytical solutions have been obtained, allowing to obtain patterns of changes in velocities and pressures toward flow at any section and at any time. For the mentioned cases, the composite graphs of velocity changes in different sections along the length of the entrance transition area were constructed by computer analysis, for different time conditions. With the obtained composite graphs, the patterns of change over the entire length of the transition area of the entrance region were constructed, enabling to obtain fluid flow velocity at any point of the section. The length of the transition zone can be estimated based on the condition of reaching a certain percentage (99%) of the maximum velocity of the flow.
The proposed solutions create the conditions for correctly constructing separate units of hydromechanical equipment
Biopharmaceutical justification of the creation of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems with simvastatin
Authors: Bodnar Liubov , Polovko Nataliia , Bevz Nataliia , Hrudko Volodymyr , Perepelytsia Olesia
Published: May 2023

The aim of the research – to conduct biopharmaceutical tests of capsules with a self-emulsifying delivery system of simvastatin to confirm the effectiveness and feasibility of introducing into the composition of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems active pharmaceutical ingredients that are difficult to dissolve in the gastric juice environment.

Material and methods. Substances, excipients, reagents and materials used during research were simvastatin (India, p. DK40-2005021, 99.09 %), castor oil (Ukraine), polyethylene glycol 40 hydrogenated castor oil (India), Tween 80 (Ukraine), glycerol monostearate (Gustav Heess GmbH, Germany), polyethylene glycol 100 stearate (ERCA, Italy), hard gelatin capsules No. 3 white (China), 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution (made from concentrated hydrochloric acid), ethanol 96 % (Ukraine), filter paper 90 mm white tape (Ukraine). The reference drug is "Simvastatin-Sandoz" (Salyutas Pharma, Germany, series LX5161).

An Evolution 60S spectrophotometer (USA) was used to carry out studies by absorption spectrophotometry.

Results. Preliminary study of the absorption spectra of absorption of the substance, bases, gelatin capsules, developed self-emulsifying systems and the reference drug made it possible to predict and optimize the conduct of biopharmaceutical research. The study of the release of simvastatin from the developed delivery systems and the reference drug, which was carried out at a temperature of 37 ℃ in an environment of 0.1M hydrochloric acid, showed that the introduction of simvastatin into the composition of the investigated self-emulsifying compositions allows to increase its solubility in this solvent by five times, compared to the reference drug.

Conclusions. The obtained results indicate the effectiveness of the introduction of simvastatin into the composition of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems and the feasibility of using such systems to improve the solubility and accelerate the release of a poorly water-soluble active pharmaceutical ingredient into the gastric juice environment
Model development according to increase in the active resistance of the conductor to ac current at the surface effect
Authors: Prokuda V.M. , Rukhlova N.YU
Published: May 2023

Purpose. When alternating current with higher harmonics passes through the cable, heating is carried out by the root mean square value of all harmonics. Taking into account the different resistance of the cable depending on the frequency due to the effect of the surface effect, it is advisable to calculate the coefficient of increase in the total current resistance, assuming the action of each harmonic as independent. However, there are prerequisites to consider existing calculation models difficult for algorithmic implementation in software packages. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to develop a calculation model to take into account the increase in the active resistance of the conductor to alternating current due to the surface effect for further use in simulation modeling packages such as, for example, MATLAB.

Methodology. Methods of linear algebra, linear regression, defining the coefficient of determination.

Findings. Dependencies for determining the resistance value of high-voltage cable lines to high-frequency currents, which take into account the cross-section and harmonic composition of the current, have been obtained. According to the existing and substantiated graphs (dependencies) obtained on the basis of classical expressions from the literature, new simplified calculation dependencies were obtained (for the cross-section of copper cable lines 240 - 1000 mm2) when current harmonics above the fifth at a base frequency of 50 Hz. Such calculated ratios will allow taking into account several harmonic components of the current during line heating in the MATLAB Simulink software environment.

The obtained values of the coefficient of determination in defining the calculated dependencies are close to 1, which indicates the correctly selected type of equation and the correctly selected coefficient k for different cross-sections of the cable line.

Originality.  The scientific novelty lies in the development of a new dependence, justified by the high value of the multiple correlation coefficient, the correction factor for the increase in the resistance of the cable core from the harmonic number and the empirical coefficient of the regression model, taking into account the cross section of the cable line.

Practical value.  The practical value of the work consists in obtaining dependencies that can be used in analytical and simulation models when determining the amount of heating of cable lines taking into account the current of harmonics above the fifth at a base frequency of 50 Hz. Such an application will allow in many cases to replace the physical experiment with a simulation in the MATLAB Simulink software environment, which will reduce the necessary human and material costs.
The system for electric vehicle slippage prevention based on a fuzzy logic controller
Authors: Vorobiov Bohdan , Senchenko Serhii , Pshenychnykov Dmytro , Likhno Yaroslav , Khan Liu
Published: May 2023

Purpose. Development of a functional diagram of a slip prevention system, build a mathematical model, synthesize a  fuzzy regulator, simulate and confirm the system's performance.
Methodology. Mathematical analysis and modeling.
Findings. The structure is substantiated and the linguistic variables of the fuzzy regulator are determined. The choice of the number of terms of the input and output variables of the fuzzy controller is made, proceeding from the minimization of the number of logical processing rules. The terms of the linguistic variables of the fuzzy controller are selected in the form of the simplest triangular for the mean values of the range of their definition and trapezoidal for the limit values. Logical processing rules were developed. The choice of the fuzzy inference algorithm was made and the defuzzification parameters were determined. A computer model of the slip prevention system was built using the Fuzzy logic toolbox of the MATLAB package and was framed using 9 logic processing rules. Computer simulation of the acceleration of an electric vehicle with subsequent slipping by one and two wheels has been carried out. The system maintains the inconsistency of wheel speeds with the electric vehicle speed at a constant set level of 1.5s-1 - in accordance with the formulated identification algorithm and completely prevents excessive slipping.
Originality.  The built-in phase regulator ensures minimization of the discrepancy between the speed of the wheel rotation and the linear speed of the electric vehicle, which in turn minimizes slippage and provides the maximum possible torque relative to the moment of installation.
Practical value.  Computer simulation was carried out for two modes: acceleration with a collision with a surface with a reduced coefficient of adhesion (0.1) with one wheel and acceleration with a collision with a surface with a reduced coefficient of adhesion (0.1) with two wheels. The system completely prevents excessive slipping.
The study of the radiating module of the energy management system of buildings
Authors: Magro V.I. , Plaksin S.V.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. Improving the toolkit of interaction between sensors and the building control system using a triangular microstrip antenna.
Methodology. Mathematical modeling by the method of finite differences in the time domain.
Findings. The proposed technical solution consists in choosing the optimal design of the radiating module in the form of a triangular microstrip antenna, by means of mathematical modeling, the values of the geometric dimensions of the triangle, the thickness of the dielectric layer and the value of its dielectric constant, the overall dimensions of the radiating module, which ensure optimal coordination of the antenna with the power feeder in the form of a microstrip line. The developed computer model of the triangular microstrip antenna using the finite-difference method in the time domain allows conducting research on the parameters of this antenna that provide stable wireless communication between the system of sensors and the home automation control unit. The condition for increasing the degree of matching the impedance of the antenna and the supply line  is the choice of the method of powering the antenna. It was established that the most optimal way of feeding a triangular antenna is the method of connecting the microstrip line to the middle of the side of the triangle, compared to the way of connecting the power line to the top of the triangle. The width of the microstrip power line was optimized according to the criterion of minimizing the module of the reflection coefficient at the antenna input. A study of the degree of matching the impedance of the antenna at operating frequencies of 2,4 and 7 GHz was carried out. At a frequency of 7 GHz, the magnitude of the reflection coefficient module is -23,6776 dB. The three-dimensional and two-dimensional radiation patterns of this antenna are calculated. The radiation pattern has an almost spherical shape, that is, it allows placing the radiating module in any orientation relative to the earth's surface. This allows the triangular microstrip antenna to be used as a radiating module of the building energy management system and the smart home system.
Originality. The study of the ways of feeding the triangular microstrip antenna allows to find the optimal coupling of the antenna with the power line, which ensures the formation of radiation characteristics that ensure effective interaction between the sensors and the building's energy management control system.
Practical value. The radiation characteristics of a triangular microstrip antenna obtained as a result of the study make it possible to use it to organize a wireless communication channel in a 4% operating frequency band.
OBJECT DETECTION IN AN IMAGE
Authors: Ansari Saima , Gondane Ayushi , Firdous Ayman , Tahseen Sanober , Kaif Mohd Arhan
Published: May 2023

This project aims to develop an object detection system using TensorFlow.js, a JavaScript library for building and training machine learning models in the browser or Node.js environment. Object detection is a critical task in computer vision, with various applications such as image and video analysis, robotics, and autonomous driving. The proposed system uses a pre-trained deep learning model such as MobileNet or ResNet as the feature extractor, and applies the Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) algorithm for object detection. The system is trained and fine-tuned on a custom dataset, and the resulting model is integrated with a web-based user interface for real-time object detection. The performance of the system is evaluated on a test set and compared with existing object detection models
Intracranial Cancer Detection by Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Radiation
Authors: ULUAYDIN Niyazi K. , SEKER S. Selim
Published: May 2023

Cancer is the topping cause of death only after ischemic heart disease in the world. Among cancers, brain tumors are generally one of the hardest to heal. And among the brain tumors, glioblastoma multiforme, which is a very aggressive intracranial cancer, has one of the highest mortality rates. These cancers are rather difficult to diagnose with the lack of manual diagnosis and very aggressive in their progression the disease, thus a later-stage diagnosis would not be much of a benefit. Therefore, medical doctors require advanced medical imaging techniques such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for intracranial tumors. The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a global lockdown and has put an enormous load on the medical system. Any similar pandemic would almost paralyze the medical system. In this study, the authors investigate the possibility of an early-stage detection of glioblastoma multiforme by use of mobile phone electromagnetic radiation. Since cancer tissue contains more blood vessels because of its intrinsic energy needs, external electromagnetic radiation would affect the cancer tissue faster than the normal tissue. The authors build the model by introducing a hypothetical ellipsoid cancer tissue into the IEEE phantom head SAR model. By applying two different levels of external electromagnetic exposure, the simulations seek to find a discriminatory temperature change, which can be detected externally.
The Process of Melt Homogenization in a Metered-Discharge Disk Extruder
Authors: Novodvorskyi V. V , Shved N. P
Published: May 2023

Purpose. This paper aims to develop a physical model of the homogenization process in a metered-discharge disk extruder, as well as to select and justify the variable parameters that can be used to evaluate the efficiency of mixing and process control. Methodology. With the advent of a large number of alloying additives, filled and composite materials, there is a need for continuous monitoring and control of the melt homogenization process.  In classical worm extruders, the processes of feeding, melting, homogenization, and pressure generation are interconnected and are triggered simultaneously by a single working body, the worm, which makes it impossible to control each process separately to optimize them. In such cases, cascade extrusion schemes are used, where the process is divided into separate subprocesses or groups of them with the ability to control them independently. Findings. The scheme of a cascade disk-gear extruder is described, where a metered-powered disk extruder is used as a melt-homogenizer, and a gear pump is used to create pressure and dosing. The variable parameters of the disk extruder for adjusting the mixing efficiency are selected and substantiated. The speed components and their ratios for different parts of the homogenization zone are analyzed. The expediency of using a disk extruder as a melt-homogenizer in cascade extrusion schemes is substantiated. The adequacy of using the mixing index in the form of temperature inhomogeneity is emphasized. The homogenization zone in the form of four separate subzones and changes in the accumulated shear strain along each subzone, as well as the possibility of their regulation, are described. Originality. For the first time, a hydrodynamic model of processes in the homogenization zone of a metered-discharge disk extruder was developed and described. Practical value. The possibility of adjusting the velocity field in the homogenization zone of a disk extruder has been substantiated, which allows controlling the mixing effect directly during the extrusion process. The possibility of selecting the optimal mode of operation of the homogenization zone makes it possible to obtain a melt of a given quality with minimal energy consumption.
DEVELOPMENT OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELS OF THE PROCESS OF REMOTE SURVEYING OF EMERGENCY BUILDINGS USING UAVS
Authors: Gorda O. V. , Chervyakov Yu. M. , Hryhorovskyi A. P.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. The adoption of organizational and technological solutions for the elimination of the consequences of accidental destruction of buildings due to overtime effects due to military actions is based on the prompt receipt of information about the technical condition of the object, since the performance of priority emergency and rescue work immediately after a disaster or accident, when there is a threat to human life, requires the rapid adoption of such decisions in conditions of uncertainty regarding the prevention of secondary destruction. It is possible to minimize the duration of the decision-making process under conditions of uncertainty by optimizing the technology of obtaining information, that is, the survey process using automated remotely controlled aircraft in combination with building information modeling of the process of obtaining and processing information about the technical condition of the object. Methodology. Analysis and consideration of factors affecting the bearing capacity and organizational and technological features of the process of loss of strength of concrete and reinforced concrete building elements in case of detonation of an open charge on their surface, depending on the growth and fusion of microcracks under the influence of applied stresses for the compilation of an information model of dynamic destruction. The results. Based on the results of the analysis of the process of remote inspection of buildings damaged as a result of military operations using unmanned aerial vehicles, the authors developed a method of building information modeling of partial destruction of large-panel buildings due to extra-design influences. The stages of construction of the information model of the object are given. Findings. Based on the results of the analysis of the process of remote inspection of buildings damaged as a result of military operations using unmanned aerial vehicles, the authors developed a method of building information modeling of partial destruction of large-panel buildings due to extra-design influences. The stages of construction of the information model of the object are given. Originality. For the first time, a method of building information modeling of partial destruction of large-panel buildings due to extra-project influences has been developed to optimize organizational and technological solutions for strengthening structures in the centers of such destruction for the possibility of emergency rescue operations. Practical value. It consists in minimizing the duration of the decision-making process in conditions of uncertainty and the risk of ineffective decision-making in conditions of insufficient information about the object damaged as a result of extra-project impact of man-made nature.
The results of field studies of the stress-strain state steel-reinforced concrete span structure of the railway bridge
Authors: Hernich M. V. , Kliuchyk S. V.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. The purpose of the study was to determine the stress-strain state and operating characteristics of the existing steel-reinforced-concrete span structure under the railway after long-term operation under static and dynamic loads. Methodology. To achieve the goal, full-scale surveys of the existing bridge crossing were carried out, more attention was focused on the steel-reinforced concrete span structure, the conditions and features of its operation were determined, and static and dynamic tests were conducted. During the tests, the general deformations of the span structures (vertical and horizontal deflections) and the stress state in the elements of the structures under different load schemes were measured. During dynamic tests, registration of static and dynamic component deflections and stress changes in structural elements during the passage of rolling stock along the span structure was carried out. The interaction of the span structure with the rolling stock, the influence of uneven approaches to the bridge on the excitation of the rolling stock was investigated. Findings. The values of stresses in the elements of the steel-reinforced-concrete span structure were obtained when the test load was installed in the position at which the greatest stresses and deformations should occur in the test elements, the frequencies of natural and forced oscillations of the span structure were measured, the dynamic coefficient, the dynamic deflections of the main beams were determined, the values decrements of oscillations of the frequency of natural and forced oscillations. The dynamic interaction of the rolling stock with the steel-reinforced concrete span structure was studied. Analytical assumptions in the design of steel-reinforced-concrete span structures of bridges have been confirmed. Originality In the work, a study of the stress-deformed state of the steel-reinforced concrete span structure of the railway bridge after long-term operation, the simultaneous operation of the span structure with rolling stock was carried out. Practical value. The operating conditions of the steel-reinforced-concrete span structure of the railway bridge, static and dynamic characteristics of its operation, the interaction of the rolling stock with the span structure, the influence of the unevenness of the approach track to the bridge on the dynamic interaction of the span structure and the rolling stock are determined. Practically confirmed analytical calculations of deformation and dynamic characteristics of steel-reinforced-concrete span structures of bridges, the joint operation of steel beam and reinforced concrete slab is ensured to a sufficient extent and corresponds to theoretical assumptions.
Advantages of an All-Welded Freight Car Bogie Side Frame
Authors: Lobanov L. M. , Makhnenko O. V. , Pavlovsky V. I. , Saprykina G. Yu. , Pustovoy A. D.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. Railway safety during the operation of freight cars largely depends on the reliability, fatigue resistance and durability of the cast bearing elements of the three-element bogie, especially the side frames. Premature failure of cast frames occurs mainly due to undetected latent defects in the foundry. To eliminate these problems, it is advisable to develop an alternative native all-welded side frame for a bogie with an axle load of 23.5 tnf, which can be interchangeable with the cast structure. Methodology. Mathematical modelling approaches were used to determine the stress-strain state of an all-welded structure under the influence of regulated loads and to assess its strength in accordance with current national and modern world standards. Findings. Prototypes of the all-welded side frame structure were subjected to accelerated fatigue tests. The tests have experimentally proved that the cyclic durability of the developed side frame is significantly (2...4 times) higher than the cyclic durability of cast side frames. Originality. A comparative analysis of the permissible stress amplitudes in different zones of the all-welded side frame during long-term operation based on 107 load cycles in accordance with the current standard for the strength of railway cars and modern approaches to determining the fatigue resistance of welded joints showed the insufficient conservatism of the national standard for assessing the fatigue strength of welded joints, which was taken into account when developing a new design of the all-welded side frame. Practical value. In addition to increasing reliability, possible increase in overhaul mileage and warranty period of side frames by ensuring a high level of fatigue resistance and durability, the welded structure can ensure the accuracy of the base frame size, reduce the weight of unsprung masses, which should reduce wheel wear and improve the running characteristics of railway carriage bogies. Reducing the cost of introducing all-welded side frames into mass production compared to the use of foundry technology for the manufacture of these structures and the fact that the cost of manufacturing an all-welded side frame is generally competitive with a cast structure is also one of the important advantages of our developme
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of (2-arylquinazolin-4-yl)hydrazones of 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes
Authors: Nosova Emiliya V. , Butorin Ilya I. , Likhacheva Margarita D. , Kotovskaya Svetlana K.
Published: May 2023

2-Phenyl-6,7-difluoro and 2-(4-fluorophenyl)quinazoline derivatives bearing salicylidenhydrazino fragments at position 4 were prepared based on 4,5-difluoroantranilic acid or anthranilamide. Molecular docking to casein kinase 2 was performed; compounds with high in silico activity to CK2 were revealed. Cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was studied on cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and normal cell line WI26 VA4.
Identificando a discriminação racial pelo diferencial de desempenho dos estudantes do Ensino Médio
Authors: CARNEIRO DIEGO , SHIRASU MAITÊ , IRFFI GUILHERME
Published: May 2023

RESUMO O Brasil é marcado pela elevada desigualdade social, onde condições iniciais têm impacto determinante na trajetória dos indivíduos. Nesse contexto, os indivíduos negros encontram-se em dupla desvantagem, por seu menor nível de renda e a baixa expectativa quanto ao desenvolvimento de suas potencialidades. Este artigo empregou o método de Oaxaca-Blinder (1973) para decompor a diferença de desempenho entre alunos brancos e negros no SAEB 2017, identificando a parte que não pode ser atribuída às suas características. Os resultados mostraram que esse componente representa cerca de 43% dessa diferença, e que existe menor resposta dos alunos negros às melhorias nas condições educacionais.
Mexico: the Great Depression and the Coronacrisis, 1929 and 2020
Authors: LORÍA EDUARDO
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT By contrasting the Great Depression and the Coronacrisis, we demonstrate that narrative economics (Shiller, 2017) is key in the analysis of economic fluctuations. We note the importance of the populist narrative to understand the economic and health outcomes of the Coronacrisis in Mexico and highlight the role of the predominance of different economic paradigms in economic policy decision-making. We suggest that, just as in 1929, by following orthodox primary fiscal balance sheet policies at the cost of contracting government investment, the Mexican economy will undergo a long and painful recovery process compared to its global peers.
Significados de la derivada en los libros de texto de las carreras de Ingeniería Comercial en Chile
Authors: Illanes Maritza Katherine Galindo , Breda Adriana
Published: May 2023

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los significados pretendidos de la derivada en los libros de texto universitarios propuestos para la formación de ingenieros comerciales en Chile. Para ello, por medio de la noción de configuración epistémica del Enfoque Ontosemiótico del Conocimiento e Instrucción Matemáticos, se analizaron cualitativamente trece libros de textos utilizados para la enseñanza de la derivada en diferentes universidades chilenas. Los resultados apuntan: a) un énfasis en el significado parcial de la derivada como el límite del cociente de incrementos y un predominante lenguaje simbólico en los argumentos, b) poca presencia de algunos teoremas importantes relacionados a la derivada y c) falta de una representatividad de las definiciones de la derivada. Se concluye que el estudio realizado proporciona resultados novedosos con relación a algunas características del significado de la derivada presentes en los libros de texto para las carreas de Ingeniería Comercial en Chile.
Errores en la Resolución de Ecuaciones Trigonométricas: un Estudio Exploratorio con Estudiantes de Primer Año de Ingeniería
Authors: Castro Teresa , Cárcamo Andrea
Published: May 2023

Resumen Este trabajo exploratorio tiene por objetivo identificar y clasificar los errores que cometen un grupo de sesenta estudiantes de primer año de ingeniería cuando resuelven tareas asociadas a ecuaciones trigonométricas. Para ello, el instrumento de recogida de datos fue un cuestionario escrito, que estaba conformado por tres tareas vinculadas a la resolución de ecuaciones trigonométricas. Los resultados muestran que los errores de los estudiantes están asociados a: a) el uso de falsas identidades trigonométricas o definiciones deformadas, b) la utilización de imágenes incorrectas de funciones trigonométricas para ángulos conocidos, c) el manejo inadecuado de propiedades algebraicas y d) la representación errónea del conjunto solución de una ecuación trigonométrica.
Comensalidade, câncer e sobrevivência: uma metassíntese qualitativa sobre experiências alimentares de pacientes após o diagnóstico de câncer
Authors: Diniz Bruna Cézar , Costa Mariana Fernandes , Lima Fernando Lopes Tavares de , Santos Antonio Tadeu Cheriff dos
Published: May 2023

Resumo Objetivo Compreender as experiências e as práticas alimentares a partir do diagnóstico de câncer. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, do tipo metassíntese qualitativa. Utilizou-se a diretriz ENTREQ como protocolo, tendo como pergunta norteadora: “Quais são as experiências e as práticas alimentares de indivíduos após o diagnóstico de câncer?”. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Lilacs, Pubmed, Embase e Food Science and Techonology, a partir da combinação de palavras-chave relacionadas à alimentação e nutrição, ao adoecimento por câncer e à pesquisa qualitativa, publicados entre 2015 e 2020, em português, inglês e espanhol. Método Foram encontrados 414 artigos e excluídos 396, após leitura dos títulos e resumos. Além dos 18 artigos potenciais, foram incluídos cinco artigos de outras fontes, totalizando 23. Foram identificadas três categorias empíricas: ruptura da trajetória alimentar e estratégias de adaptação; reconstrução da identidade; e vicissitudes da comensalidade. Conclusões As perdas relacionadas à alimentação impactam na existencialidade do ser, na expressão da identidade e nas relações sociais, podendo levar ao isolamento e a desritualização da alimentação. As mudanças físicas podem levar a distúrbios de imagem corporal e sofrimento psíquico. Em decorrência dos sintomas de impacto nutricional, a família é o suporte emocional para reorganização da alimentação.