bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Des collectivités résilientes en contexte politique difficile : la contribution de l’intervention collective
Authors: Lachapelle René , Bourque Denis
Published: June 2020

Les transformations des politiques publiques québécoises ont affecté directement les démarches d’action concertée de développement territorial et mis à mal le « modèle québécois ». Une recherche menée dans huit territoires distincts permet toutefois de montrer comment l’intervention collective est en mesure de soutenir efficacement les collectivités en mettant à profit l’histoire locale d’action concertée, en soutenant le leadership des élus, en alliant savoirs pratiques et scientifiques, et en prospectant de nouvelles ressources du côté de la philanthropie. L’article illustre ces facteurs de résilience à partir de situations concrètes. Il soulève aussi des questions quant à l’importance de politiques publiques d’occupation du territoire qui font actuellement défaut, et identifie quatre défis auxquels font face les intervenants collectifs.
Gestion des catastrophes naturelles en sol québécois : rendre socialement et écologiquement responsables les processus de développement des territoires affligés
Authors: Alalouf-Hall Diane , Fontan Jean-Marc
Published: June 2020

Dans le contexte où les changements environnementaux induisent une augmentation des aléas météorologiques, les défis d’adaptation et de sécurité civile se multiplient. Cet article a été rédigé dans le cadre d’une thèse portant sur la réponse standardisée des acteurs lors de catastrophes d’origine naturelle. Nous nous intéressons à la gestion québécoise des catastrophes dites naturelles. D’abord, nous aborderons la question des limites juridiques de l’État québécois. Puis, nous nous pencherons sur la littérature portant sur le développement territorial. Cela nous permettra d’identifier la place occupée par la question de la prévention en matière de catastrophes naturelles. Enfin, nous présenterons un état de situation sur la question des zones inondables au Québec, ce qui nous permettra d’indiquer en quoi des mesures d’atténuation de la présence humaine habitée ont été pensées, mais peu prises en compte. Nous concluons en indiquant que le Québec ne peut se contenter d’innovations technologiques structurantes pour assurer un aménagement territorial qui soit socialement et écologiquement responsable face aux catastrophes naturelles.
La pandémie de COVID-19 et le débat sur l’étalement urbain : tournant majeur ou accident de parcours?
Authors: Simard Martin
Published: June 2020

Le 4 mars 2020, le magazine L’Actualité publiait un article soulignant la tendance à la densification et à la diversification des espaces urbains au Québec. Moins de deux semaines plus tard, la population québécoise était appelée au confinement à la maison à cause de la pandémie de COVID-19. Cette crise majeure présente la maison individuelle comme l’ultime refuge pour se protéger du monde extérieur, remettant potentiellement en cause 30 ans de lutte contre l’étalement urbain et ses conséquences environnementales. Ce texte résume le débat entre deux écoles de pensée qui s’opposent sur les conséquences à long terme de la pandémie sur l’aménagement et l’urbanisme au Québec.
Artificial Neural Network Models for Prediction of Density and Kinematic Viscosity of Different Systems of Biofuels and Their Blends with Diesel Fuel. Comparative Analysis
Authors: Belmadani Souad , Hamadache Mabrouk , Si-Moussa Cherif , Laidi Maamar , Hanini Salah
Published: June 2020

In the present article, two models based on the artificial neural network methodology (ANN) have been optimised to predict the density (ρ) and kinematic viscosity (μ) of different systems of biofuels and their blends with diesel fuel. An experimental database of 1025 points, including 34 systems (15 pure systems, 14 binary systems, and 5 ternary systems) was used for the development of these models. These models use six inputs, which are temperature (T) in the range of −10 – 200 °C, volume fractions (X1, X2, X3) in the range of 0–1, and to distinguish these systems, we used kinematic viscosity at 20 °C in the range of 0.67–74.19 mm2 s–1 and density at 20 °C in the range of 0.7560–0.9188 g cm–3. The best results were obtained with the architecture of {6-26-2: 6 neurons in the input layer – 26 neurons in the hidden layer – 2 neurons in the output layer}. Results of comparison between experimental and simulated values in terms of the correlation coefficients were: R2 = 0.9965 for density, and R2 = 0.9938 for kinematic viscosity. A 238 new database experimental of 4 systems (2 pure systems, 1 binary system, and 1 ternary system) was used to check the accuracy of the two ANN models previously developed. Results of prediction performances in terms of the correlation coefficients were: R2 = 0.9980 for density, and R2 = 0.9653 for kinematic viscosity. Comparison of validation results with those of the other studies shows that the neural network models gave far better results.
On two long standing open problems on $L_p$-spaces
Authors: Popov M.M.
Published: June 2020

The present note was written during the preparation of the talk at the International Conference dedicated to 70-th anniversary of Professor O. Lopushansky, September 16-19, 2019, Ivano-Frankivsk (Ukraine). We focus on two long standing open problems. The first one, due to Lindenstrauss and Rosenthal (1969), asks of whether every complemented infinite dimensional subspace of $L_1$ is isomorphic to either $L_1$ or $\ell_1$. The second problem was posed by Enflo and Rosenthal in 1973: does there exist a nonseparable space $L_p(\mu)$ with finite atomless $\mu$ and $1<p<\infty$, $p \neq 2$ having an unconditional basis? We analyze partial results and discuss on some natural ideas to solve these problems.
Cricket, an oddity in the Arab-Gulf lands or a mirror of an enduring South Asian diaspora?
Authors: KANCHANA RADHIKA
Published: June 2020

The article highlights the apparent anomaly of the rise of cricket in the Arab-Gulf region. It argues that the evolution of cricket in the six Gulf Cooperative Council countries (GCC) from essentially an expatriate sport to its status today, with evident strengths and weaknesses, reflects the quality of the consolidation of the South Asian community, and especially of the Indian diaspora. The relationship between sports and the diaspora remains relatively unexplored. Using an empirical and comparative method, the paper adds to the current literature by studying the link between cricket and the diaspora in the Gulf region.
Avaliação externa das escolas em Portugal: Ensaio sobre racionalidade e significado
Authors: Sousa Joana
Published: June 2020

A avaliação é um processo que agrega diferentes dimensões de um objeto. Em educação, e pelas características que fundamentam as Ciências Sociais, a avaliação educacional desenvolve-se com base na análise crítica do processo e dos resultados qualitativos e quantitativos, justificando o processo deliberativo do estudo do objeto com fundamentações epistemológicas e científicas, que consideram as características do contexto como uma das principais variáveis a observar. O processo de avaliação é complexo e, por isso, exigente do ponto de vista da criação de critérios e, consequentemente, da assunção de resultados que forneçam dados sobre o estado das políticas, dos processos e das práticas em educação. Esta dificuldade não deve ser justificativa do laissez-faire, mas promotora de um debate em torno da avaliação que permita a construção de padrões de avaliação educacional próximos das práticas educativas, dos processos e das políticas em educação e respeitadoras dos seus contextos. O objetivo deste ensaio é refletir sobre os processos de avaliação educacional no contexto Português, focado na análise da experiência da Avaliação Externa das Escolas (AEE).
Minimization of entropy generation due to MHD double diffusive mixed convection in a lid driven trapezoidal cavity with various aspect ratios
Authors: Mondal Priyajit , Mahapatra Tapas Ray
Published: June 2020

Entropy generation minimization has significant importance in fluid flow, heat and mass transfer in an enclosure to get the maximum efficiency of a system and to reduce the loss of energy. In the present study, the analysis of mixed convection fluid flow, heat and mass transfer with heat line and mass line concept and entropy generation due to the effects of fluid flow, heat flow, mass flow and magnetic field in a trapezoidal enclosure with linearly heated and diffusive left wall, uniformly heated and diffusive lower wall, cold and nondiffusive right wall, adiabatic and zero diffusion gradient top wall have been reported. Parametric studies for the wide range of Prandtl number (Pr = 0.7 for air cooling system and Pr = 1000 for the engines filled with olive or engine oils), Rayleigh number (Ra = 103–105), aspect ratio (A = 0.5–1.5) and inclination angle of the cavity (ϕ = 45°–90°) have been performed, which help to construct the perfect shape of cavity in many engineering and physical applications so that the entropy is minimum to get the maximum efficiency of any system. The finite-difference approximation has been used to find out the numerical solutions. Biconjugate Gradient Stabilized (BiCGStab) method is used to solve the discretized nonhomogeneous system of linear equations.
Solvability of fractional dynamic systems utilizing measure of noncompactness
Authors: Nashine Hemant Kumar , Ibrahim Rabha W. , Arab Reza , Rabbani Mohsen
Published: June 2020

Fractional dynamics is a scope of study in science considering the action of systems. These systems are designated by utilizing derivatives of arbitrary orders. In this effort, we discuss the sufficient conditions for the existence of the mild solution (m-solution) of a class of fractional dynamic systems (FDS). We deal with a new family of fractional m-solution in Rn for fractional dynamic systems. To accomplish it, we introduce first the concept of (F, ψ)-contraction based on the measure of noncompactness in some Banach spaces. Consequently, we establish requisite fixed point theorems (FPTs), which extend existing results following the Krasnoselskii FPT and coupled fixed point results as a outcomes of derived one. Finally, we give a numerical example to verify the considered FDS, and we solve it by iterative algorithm constructed by semianalytic method with high accuracy. The solution can be considered as bacterial growth system when the time interval is large.
Planar and tomographic imaging dosimetry comparing to develop a new radiopharmaceutical for melanoma therapy
Authors: Soriano Sarah , Barboza Thiago , Souza Sérgio , De Sá Lidia
Published: June 2020

This work aims to compare SPECT (Single Photon Emission Tomography Computed) and planar modalities as the most efficient methodology to perform dosimetry by molecular imaging. Twenty-one male C57BL6 mice induced with murine melanoma cell line B16-F10, administered 131I-Ixolaris were used for melanoma therapy. The procedures applied to them followed the standards described for the use of experimental animals, duly approved by the National Council for Animal Experimentation Control (CONCEA from Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The accumulated activities were obtained in order to estimate the absorbed doses in each organ. Mass and metabolic differences between mice and humans were considered and used to extrapolate data acquired at different scales. From the dose factors provided by the MIRDOSE software, the absorbed doses in the target organs irradiated by the source organs were calculated and, finally, the effective dose was estimated. From the Student's t-hypothesis test performed in the accumulated activity, absorbed dose and S-factor quantities, there is no statistically significant difference between performing the image dosimetry from SPECT and planar acquired images.
Contribuições da complexidade do Morin aplicadas a escrita de trabalhos acadêmicos
Authors: Macêdo Luiz Carlos Aires de , Neves Marcos Cesar Danhoni , Mello Débora Amaral Taveira
Published: June 2020

Diante dos desafios de uma nova ciência que supere a ciência tradicional, temos o pensamento do Francês Edgard Morin com sua Teoria da Complexidade e do Pensamento Complexo. Este artigo é resultado de uma revisão bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa da obra do Morin em busca de extrair dela concepções que possam embasar a prática para se trabalhar a construção do conhecimento em trabalhos acadêmicos científicos que superem a ciência tradicional e tragam elementos da complexidade. Este trabalho tem como finalidade apresentar algumas técnicas que julgamos pertinentes e podem auxiliar esta tarefa.
Penentuan Daya Dukung Lingkungan dan Faktor Pembatasnya di Tambak Kecamatan Tabalar dan Biatan, Kabupaten Berau, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Mustafa Andi Akhmad , Hasnawi Hasnawi , Ratnawati Erna , Asaad A.Indra Jaya
Published: June 2020

Daya dukung dan faktor pembatasnya memiliki pengaruh penting terhadap keberhasilan kegiatan akuakultur, termasuk tambak di Kabupaten Berau.  Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menentukan daya dukung lingkungan dan faktor pembatasnya di tambak Kecamatan Tabalar dan Biatan, Kabupaten Berau, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur agar produktivitas tambak dapat ditingkatkan dan berkelanjutan.  Faktor yang dipertimbangkan dalam analisis daya dukung lingkungan dan faktor pembatasnyaadalah  topografi dan hidrologi, kualitas tanah, kualitas air, dan iklim. Penentuan daya dukung lingkungan dengan sistem pembobotan yang  mengacu pada modifikasi Poernomo (1992) diaplikasikan dalam penelitian ini.   Faktor pembatas daya dukung lingkungan ditentukan dengan mengembangkan pendapat dari Sys et al. (1993). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya dukung lingkungan di kawasan pertambakan di Kecamatan Tabalar dan Biatan adalah masing-masing 67,36 dan 65,84%, sehingga luas tambak yang dapat didukung berturut-turut: 533,95 dan 38,50 ha.  Di Kecamatan Tabalar dan Biatan didapatkan faktor pembatas sedang  dari daya dukung lingkungan tambak berupa ∆ pH (pHF-pHFOX) tanah, C organik tanah,  N-total tanah, dan bahan organik total air,  sedangkan faktor pembatas berat berupa PO4  air, NH3 air, dan bulan kering. Untuk mengurangi faktor pembatas sehingga meningkatkan daya dukung lingkungan tambak disarankan untuk menerapkan konservasi lahan, meningkatkan kesuburan tanah, dan mengelola air secara tepat.
Osteogenesis activity of fractions extracted from  Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. F.) Lindau
Authors: Phuong Pham Thi Thu , Minh Nguyen Thi Hong , Lien Quach Thi , Huong Nguyen Thi Thanh , Phuong Nguyen Thi Mai
Published: June 2020

Osteogenesis activity of fractions extracted from Clinacanthus nutans was evaluated on an in vitro model using osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells. The results showed that all fractions, including ethanol (EtOH), n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and butanol (BuOH) were not significantly toxic to the osteoblast cells at the test concentrations of 5, 10, 25, and 50 µg/mL. The EtOH and EtOAc fractions exhibited the highest osteogenesis activity in terms of enhancement of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and mineralization activity of MC3T3-E1 cells, especially the EtOAc fraction which increased ALP activity up to > 30% and mineralization activity up to > 100%. Thus, the EtOAc fraction shows osteogenesis activity through stimulating activites of the two markers for bone generation including ALP and mineralization in osteoblast cells. The fraction is now under extensive investigation to isolate and fully understand the modes of action of the active compounds.
Using the chloroplast rbcL gene to clarify the relationship between species of the genus Stephania (Menispermaceae) from Vietnam
Authors: Chinh Vu Tien , Lieu Tran Thi , Tang Duong Van
Published: June 2020

The rbcL gene of the chloroplast genome is widely used as an additional data for the study of species origin, molecular evolution and phylogeny. In this study, we used the rbcL gene to separate three species of genus Stephania: S. japonica, S. polygona, S. rotunda and one subspecies S. japonica var. discolor from Vietnam. Molecular analysis was performed on 523 bp segment of the rbcL genes with 4 examined samples of the genus Stephania and 18 other genbank sequences of five genera Pachygone, Antizoma, Cissampelos, Cyclea and Syntriandrium. The dataset consists of 22 sequences used to reconstruct the evolutionary tree using two methods: Bayesian Infer (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (MP). The results showed that S. rotunda was able to distinguish from S. japonica or S. polygona, while S. japonica, S. japonica var. discolor and S. polygona could not distinguished each another. The phylogenetic tree splited three examined species into two groups, representing the two main groups of morphology in genus Stephania: a group with tuberous rootstock and another group with main root.
Stability Analysis of Finance System Model with Information Effect
Authors: Fitria Vivi Aida , Sapoetra Yudistira Arya
Published: June 2020

Indonesia's participation in investing in the capital market is still very low, one of the causes is the lack of information. So this study discusses the analysis of stability in the financial system if influenced by information. We find that the model has two equilibrium point, that are point without interest rates and the price index of financial instruments and then the existing point of interest rates, the level of investment demand, price indexes and the influence of control input the information. The results of the local stability analysis of the equilibrium points are stable with certain conditions. The analytical result are confirmed by numerical simulations.
Biochar and Trichoderma aureoviride applied to the sandy soil: effect on soil quality and watermelon growth
Authors: MEDEIROS Erika V. , MORAES Marcele C.H.S. , COSTA Diogo P. , DUDA Gustavo P. , SILVA Jenifer S.A. , OLIVEIRA Julyana B. , LIMA José R. S. , MENEZES Romulo S. C. , HAMMECKER Claude
Published: June 2020

Trichoderma spp. are an alternative to increase plant growth and as biological control agents of diseases.  Biochar added to soil and Trichoderma can result in the enhancement of crop development and can aid in preventing fertilizer run-off, improving plant health, retaining soil moisture, and helping plants through drought periods. However, a knowledge gap remains regarding the combined effect of biochar and Trichoderma on soil quality and crop growth. The objective of the present study was to evaluate this combined effect and show a new approach of biochar as a route of T. aureoviride (T) inoculation. We evaluated three sources of biochar, bean husks, coﬀee grounds, and coﬀee husks, with or without T and additional control that was devoid of biochar and T. The association of all biochar sources with T showed a significant increase in watermelon growth and soil quality. Biochar coffee grounds with T increased urease, β-glucosidase, and total organic carbon, showing the potential of this combination in these processes. Watermelon plants cultivated in soil with coffee grounds and T   showed plant length and shoot dry biomass increases of 129% and 192%, respectively. Thus, this study found that biochar use plays an important role in the effectiveness of T. aureoviride applications and is a new instrument for sustainable agriculture.
Flavonoid accumulation and identification of flavonoid biosynthesis genes in Dimocarpus longan lour. by transcriptome sequencing
Authors: ZHENG Wei , ZHANG Ziwei , YU Xuefei , DONG Xueming , ZHANG Qiuying
Published: June 2020

Dimocarpus longan Lour. (D. longan) is widely cultivated and is very popular around the world. Its by-products such as roots and leaves have been used as traditional Chinese medicines due to their content of important secondary metabolites, especially flavonoids. However, the economic value and application of D. longan roots and leaves are limited because they accumulate relatively low levels of flavonoids. Therefore, it is important to find key genes that regulate the accumulation of the predominant flavonoid compounds in D. longan roots and leaves. Here, we have used RNA-sequencing to describe the transcriptome of D. longan. We obtained 75,229,529 raw reads and 15.04 GB of clean data, generating 56,055 unigenes (N50 = 1,583 nt, mean length = 829.61 nt). Next, we annotated these unigenes using the various available bioinformatics databases. By this approach, we identified 6,684 genes differentially expressed between root and leaf tissues, of which thirteen were identified as flavonoid biosynthesis genes. Of these, eight genes were much highly expressed in roots (DlC4H, DlHCT, DlDFR, DlANS, DlANR, DlCHS, DlF3′H, and DlF3H), and two were much highly expressed in leaves (DlLAR and DlFLS). The contents of thirteen flavonoids in D. longan roots and leaves were measured by LC-MS, and epicatechin was found to be the predominant flavonoid in both tissues, which was significantly higher than the other flavonoids measured in the study. Its contents were 213,773.65 ng/g in roots and 22,388.71 ng/g in leaves. Our findings will facilitate efforts to increase the economic value and expand the applications of D. longan roots and leaves by means of genetic engineering.
The effects of tillage on weed suppressive ability, leaf area, seed yield and protein content of Mucuna pruriens var. utilis
Authors: KANATAS Panagiotis , GAZOULIS Ioannis , TRAVLOS Ilias , KAKABOUKI Ioanna , KIOUSSI Sofia , MPAMPANIOTI Evgenia
Published: June 2020

In the field of the Agricultural University of Athens, the effects of tillage on weed suppressive ability, leaf area, seed yield and protein content of velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) were evaluated under the climatic conditions of Greece. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The three experimental treatments were: control (untreated), one hoeing for weed seedlings’ elimination at 7 days after sowing, and two hoeings for weed seedlings’ elimination at 7 and 15 days after sowing. Findings revealed that one hoeing reduced annual weeds’ density by 42% as compared to control treatment. Two hoeings resulted in a 47% lower density for annual species as compared to the untreated check. The density of perennial weeds recorded in the plots of one-hoeing treatment was 52% lower than the value recorded in the plots of control treatment. It was also shown that two hoeings can result in a 61% lower density regarding perennial species. Regarding velvet bean’s vegetation growth, one hoeing increased velvet bean leaf area per plant by 26% whereas, in the plots of two-hoeings treatment, the value of leaf area per plant was by 22-36% higher than the corresponding value recorded in untreated control plots. Two hoeings can increase velvet beans seed yield by 44% as well as seeds’ protein content by 17%. Further research is needed to optimize the use of velvet bean as a cover crop and seek for agronomic practices that might enhance its competitiveness against both annual and perennial weed species.
Response of oil flax varieties to abiotic conditions of the Middle Cis-Ural region by formation of seed yield
Authors: GOREEVA Vera , KOREPANOVA Elena , FATYKHOV Ildus , ISLAMOVA Chulpan
Published: June 2020

Studying the reaction to the abiotic conditions of the Middle Urals in 16 varieties of oil flax will allow to adapt the culture: increase its productivity and product quality. As a standard, the variety ‘VNIIMK 620’ was sown. The experiments were laid on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil in the grain-grass rotation after winter crops during 2012-2015. During the years of research, the plow layer of the experimental plots had different humus contents - medium and high, mobile phosphorus and exchange potassium - medium and very high, exchange soil acidity - slightly acidic and close to neutral. To a greater extent, by 91.5%, the change in the seed yield of the studied oil flax varieties depended on the abiotic conditions of the growing season; the share of the influence of the genotype of the variety in the formation of seed yield was 3.0%. Meteorological conditions during the years of the experiments were characterized by large fluctuations in the average daily air temperature and the amount of precipitation that fell over the months, in consequence of this the seed yield of flax oil varied in wide range over both varieties and years of study. The most favorable abiotic conditions for the formation of oil flax seeds were formed in 2014, when, during the ripening period of the seeds optimal meteorological conditions have developed with hydro thermic factor of 1.0. This contributed to obtaining the highest seed yield in 2014 - 218 g/m2. On average, over four years of research, the same response to abiotic conditions with seed yield was formed in ‘VNIIMK 620’ varieties from Russia, ‘Clark’ varieties from Holland and ‘Barbara’ from Hungary. The most plastic grade is ‘Clark’ with a plasticity coefficient bi = 1.33. The most stable seed yield is the ‘Norlin’ variety with a stability coefficient of 32.2. Russian varieties ‘LM-96’, ‘N 3829’ and foreign varieties ‘Norlin’, ‘Atalante’ proved to be the most adaptable to cultivation conditions in the agroecological conditions of the Cis-Ural region and can be considered promising in terms used as starting material in the breeding process.
Pollen quality, pollen production and yield of some tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genotypes under high temperature stress in Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: AKHOUNDNEJAD Yelderem , DASGAN Yıldız H. , KARABIYIK Senay
Published: June 2020

Pollen quality, pollen production and yield of different high temperature tolerant tomato genotypes were evaluated under Adana, Turkey conditions in two different periods. The control treatment (normal sown, where day/night temperatures during the vegetative and generative stage are below 32/20 °C) of the first period started on February 20, 2015. The seedlings in the second period were planted on May 15, 2015. The performances of twenty-four tomato genotypes (resistant and sensitive commercial genotypes) were compared to determine high temperature resistant and sensitive tomato genotypes. Significant relationship was obtained between the yield and the number of pollens. The results of the experiment revealed that ‘Tom173’, ‘Tom119’ and ‘F15656’ genotypes were more resistant, while ‘Tom108’ and ‘Tom10’ genotypes were more sensitive compared to the other tomato genotypes tested in the experiment.
Molecular characterization of mulberry genotypes and species in Turkey
Authors: ORHAN Emine , AKIN Meleksen , EYDURAN Sadiye P. , ERCISLI Sezai
Published: June 2020

Mulberries are one of the most important traditional fruit in Turkey and either consumed fresh or processed into several traditional products. Mulberry trees (genotypes) belong to Morus alba L., Morus nigra L., and Morus rubra L. shows high phenotypic diversity. In this study, 26 genotypes of Morus nigra, 21 genotypes of Morus rubra and 26 genotypes and landraces of Morus alba sampled from different parts of eastern Anatolia region in Turkey were fingerprinted using 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Among SSR markers, the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 (SS01, SS05) to 11 (MulSTR3) with an average of 5.19. A total of 83 alleles were obtained for the 16 SSR markers. The polymorphic information content ranged from 0.43 to 0.84 with an average of 0.61 per locus. In this study, MulSTR3, MulSTR5, MulSTR6, SS04 and SS20 were found to be the most useful SSR markers to detect genetic differences between mulberry species, genotypes and landraces. Genetic similarity ratio ranged from 0.24 to 0.94 with a mean similarity value of 0.41 indicating a high level of polymorphism among the mulberry species, genotypes and landraces. Clustering based on Jaccard's similarity coefficient and an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) revealed 3 main clusters that corresponded with species. The results of the present study indicate that white mulberry landraces and genotypes were more diverse than the red and black mulberry genotypes. Therefore, white mulberry genotypes can be a good source for the mulberry-breeding programme due to its better genetic diversity as well as its high economical and yield properties.
A comparative study between temporary immersion system and semi-solid cultures on shoot multiplication and plantlets production of two Moroccan date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) varieties in vitro
Authors: ABAHMANE Larbi
Published: June 2020

Date palm micropropagation is commonly performed on gelled media. However, it’s typically a labour-intensive system and consequently plantlets production cost is very high. Therefore, it is necessary to develop cost effective alternatives without compromising the quality of produced plant material. New technologies based on liquid media in bioreactors have been developed to reduce the handling time, while increasing the multiplication rates and plant quality. The present research focuses on the comparison between Temporary Immersion System (TIS) and gelled media (GM) culture systems of two Moroccan date palm varieties ‘Mejhool’ and ‘Boufeggous’. Obtained results indicated that shoot and root lengths as well as shoot fresh and dry weights were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in TIS compared to GM. Moreover, the vigour of obtained shoots was better in TIS compared to GM. Therefore, TIS-derived plantlets have shown an acclimatization rate of 95% while this rate for GM-derived plantlets was 82%. Hence, bioreactors, as a growing system based on TIS, can be a valid alternative to conventional systems for in vitro culture, resulting in a reduction of cost, shelving area requirements, labour and time for the mass propagation of date palm cultivars.
Evaluation of API 20E system in fluorescent Pseudomonas identification from button mushroom Agaricus bisporus cultivation casing soil
Authors: MOHAMMAD Anwar O. , ALKURTANY Abdulkareem E.S. , HASSAN Abdullah A.
Published: June 2020

Bacterial activity, mainly Pseudomonas spp. plays a vital role in the fruiting process of white button mushroom, hence a rapid procedure to identify these bacteria is crucial. In the current study, the validity of commercial identification system, Analytical profile index API 20E to identify Pseudomonas isolates from mushroom casing soil were assessed. Using API strips fifty bacterial isolates from a selective medium (King B medium) were examined, all isolates were belonged to the genus Pseudomonas according to API 20E identification systems. However, only 74% of Pseudomonas bacteria were identified to species level. The molecular identification using 16S rRNA gene was used as a reference tool to identify bacteria at the species level. The results show that the accuracy of the system to classify florescent Pseudomonas to species level was 60%. This was species dependant, and the system accuracy were 100%, 87.5%, 81.3% and 63% in identifying P. aeruginosa, P. putida, P. fluorescens and P. tolaasii respectively. Our finding indicates that although the classification of the Pseudomonas genus with API 20E system is useful, but it is not enough to distinguish these bacteria to species level, genomic studies are necessary to confirm the exact taxonomic position of Pseudomonas spp.
Evaluation of phytochemical constituents and in vitro antimicrobial activities of leaves extracts of Calotropis procera against certain human pathogens
Authors: FALANA Mansurat B. , NURUDEEN Quadri O.
Published: June 2020

Calotropis procera, a well-known and commonly used plant in Nigeria to treat many infectious diseases, has been documented to possess constituents with proven antimicrobial potentials. The type of solvent used in herbal extraction determines the number of phytoconstituents extracted, therefore it was investigated the effect of some solvents selected based on polarity on the phytoconstituents and antimicrobial efficacy of leaves of C. procera. Phytochemical screening of extracts from leaves of C. procera obtained from five solvents (acetone, hexane, ethylactate, mixture “acetone, hexane, ethyl acetate 50/30/20 v/v/v” and sterile distilled water) was carried out. Disc diffusion assay, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Minimal Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) of the extracts were compared with those of commercial drugs (chloramphenicol, gentamicin and griseofulvin) against Candida albicans, S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 25922. Tannins, steroids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, terpenoids, proteins, flavonoids, coumarins and anthraquinones were detected in higher numbers in ethyl acetate and sterile distilled water extracts, while the least number of constituents were detected in hexane extracts. A dose- dependent broad spectrum of bacteriostatic/fungistatic and bactericidal activities was produced by the extracts against the tested pathogens. Wider inhibition zone (19.80 mm) was produced at 100 mg/mL concentration by the mixture of solvents and ethylacetate extract, respectively, while the lowest inhibition zone (7.6 mm) was produced by sterile distilled water extract at 25 mg/mL. The present study provided plausible information to corroborate the medicinal value of the investigated plant, as claimed by herbal medicine users.
Bağlamada Eser Yorumlama Tekniklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: APAYDIN Ali Kerem , ALGI Soner
Published: June 2020

Günümüzde halk müziği ezgileri, usta icracıların elinde tekrardan yaratılmaktadır. Bu ezgiler; yorumcuların yetenekleri, duyguları ve beslendikleri ekol vb. etkenler sonucunda zaman içerisinde dönüşebilmektedir. Sunulan yorumların müzikal detaylarının saptanarak çalgı eğitiminde kullanılabilirliğinin tespit edilmesinin bağlamada eser icracılığını geliştirilebileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu araştırmada “Belgesel Tarama Yöntemi” kullanılmış ve TRT repertuvarında bulunan halk müziği ezgilerinden uzman görüşüne başvurularak saptanan beş eserin altı yorumcu tarafından icraları ele alınmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni, TRT repertuvarında notası yer alan ve değişik biçimlerde yorumlanmış ezgilerden oluşurken örneklem ise uzman görüşüne başvurularak saptanan beş eserden oluşmaktadır. “Betimsel Analiz Yöntemi” kullanılarak veri analizi yapılan araştırmada, yorumcuların icraları notaya alınıp TRT repertuvarında kayıtlı notalarla karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular yorumlanarak sonuçlar ve öneriler oluşturulmuştur.
Destek Vektör Makineleri ile Borsa Endekslerinin Tahmini
Authors: KARTAL Cem
Published: June 2020

Destek Vektör Makineleri (DVM) en popüler makine öğrenme algoritmalarından birisidir. Bu çalışmada BIST100 endeksi ile birlikte dünyanın önde gelen borsa endekslerinden S&P 500, DAX ve NIKKEI 225 endekslerinin getiri yönlerinin sınıflandırılmasında bir makine öğrenme tekniği olan DVM’lerin kullanılması ve bu tekniklerin tahmin (sınıflandırma) performanslarının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla DVM’ler, borsa endekslerinin “yükseliş” ve “düşüş” trendlerinin modellenmesinde kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada, makroekonomik değişkenlerin borsa endekslerine olan etkileri analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın veri seti, bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenlerin 01.01.2013 – 30.11.2019 dönemleri arasındaki aylık olarak 82 adet gözlem değerini içermektedir. Bu gözlem değerlerinin 70 adedi (%85’i) algoritmanın modellenmesi (eğitim) için, 12 adedi (%15’i) ise sınıflandırma (test) için kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda modelin yükseliş yönlü tahminlerde sınıflandırma başarısının iyi olduğu, ancak düşüş yönlü tahminlerinde aynı başarıyı göstermediği ortaya çıkmıştır.
Çevrimiçi İkinci-el Giyim Eşyası Satın Almaya Etki Eden Faktörlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: DENİZ Elif
Published: June 2020

Paylaşım ekonomisi ve çevre bilincinin yükselmesiyle paralel olarak ikinci el ürün pazarının son 10 yılda hızlı bir biçimde büyüdüğü görülmektedir. Bu pazarda ikinci el giyim öne çıkan bir kategori olup özellikle genç nüfusun bu kategoride artan bir biçimde satın alma yaptığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada üniversite öğrencilerinden oluşan 450 kişi örneklem grubunu oluşturmuş, çevre yanlısı davranışlar, yaratıcı tercih ve tutumluluk değişkenleri çevrimiçi ikinci el giyim eşyası satın almaya etki eden faktörler olarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuca göre öğrencilerin kayda değer bir oranda çevrimiçi ikinci el giyim alışverişi yaptıkları, görece tutumlu oldukları, tüketimle ilgili çevre yanlısı davranış ve yaratıcı tercih eğilimlerinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Ancak çevrimiçi ikinci el giyim ürünü satın alma niyeti ile çevre yanlısı davranışlar ve tutumluluk arasındaki ilişki önemsiz, yaratıcı tercih ile arasındaki ilişki ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve önemli bulunmuştur.
İslâm Düşüncesinde Allah'ın Sıfatlarını Anlama Sorunu
Authors: AKDEMİR Furat
Published: June 2020

Allah hakkında konuşmak insanın en temel sorunlarından biridir. Kur'an, Allah'ı isim, sıfat, fiil ve haberi yönleri ile varlığa tanıtmıştır. Vahiy; Allah'ı eşsiz, mutlak gayb olan, benzersiz, kutsal ve yüce olan Zât olarak nitelemiştir. Vahyin Allah hakkında bilgi sunması, insanın Allah hakkında bilgi edinme, anlama, kavrama, deliller ve bilgiler üretmesine yardımcı olmuştur. Allah'a ait isimler ve O'na yönelik taşıdığı anlamlar, beşerin zihin dünyasında Allah tasavvurunu oluşturur. Tirmizi'de geçen listeli esmâ-i hüsnâ rivayeti İslâm dünyasında meşhurdur. Kur'an'da geçtiği halde Esmâ-i Hüsnâ listelerinde geçmeyen çok sayıda isim bulunmaktadır. Bu konu Kelâm ilminin en temel konusudur. İslam kelâmcıları, filozoflar, Cehmiyye, Mu’tezile, Eş’arîyye, Matürîdiyye ve Hanbelîler gibi ekollerde sıfatların, Allah'ın zâtıyla arasındaki ilişkisi konusu temel görüş ayrılığıdır.
Características da epidemia de dengue em Pinhalzinho, Santa Catarina, 2015-2016
Authors: Andrioli Denise Catarina , Busato Maria Assunta , Lutinski Junir Antonio
Published: June 2020

Objetivo. Descrever as características da epidemia da dengue em Pinhalzinho, Santa Catarina, Brasil, e investigar os efeitos das variáveis climáticas sobre a infestação pelo mosquito Aedes aegypti. Métodos. Estudo ecológico, com dados sobre casos de dengue, hospitalizações e óbitos pela doença, em 2015 e 2016, além das variáveis meteorológicas e focos de Ae. aegypti, de 2015 a 2018. Resultados. No período epidêmico de 2015-2016, a taxa de incidência de dengue foi de 12.695,2/100 mil habitantes. Foi registrada maior incidência no sexo feminino (13.926,4/100 mil hab.) e nas faixas etárias acima de 50 anos (17.162,0/100 mil hab.). A temperatura média e a umidade relativa do ar apresentaram relação positiva com o aumento de focos de Ae. aegypti. Conclusão. A incidência de dengue durante a epidemia foi a maior já registrada no país. As condições climáticas devem ser consideradas no planejamento das ações de controle vetorial e prevenção à dengue.
A multi-phase, multi-component model for coupled processes in anaerobic landfills: theory, implementation and validation
Authors: Lu Shi-Feng , Feng Shi-Jin , Zheng Qi-Teng , Bai Zhen-Bai
Published: June 2020

To describe the long-term coupled behaviour of landfilled municipal solid waste (MSW), this paper proposes a numerical model based on the theories of the conservation of mass, momentum and energy of porous media over a three-phase solid–liquid–gas system. Compared with currently available coupled models, the proposed model can simultaneously simulate such physical processes as phase change, dissolution of the gas phase, the diffusion of its components, evaporation in the liquid phase and changes in the pH of leachate, as well as its solute migration. The finite-volume method was used to numerically discretise the governing equations, with a sequentially iterative technique used for the numerical model of the solution. The corresponding computer code was formulated on the open-source platform OpenFoam. The model was then used to simulate the famous MSW degradation consolidating anaerobic reactor experiment conducted at Southampton University, where the results generally agreed well with the experimental data. The proposed model was also applied to capture spatial and temporal variations in the skeleton of MSW, leachate and landfill gas in a simplified two-dimensional landfill. Overall, the work here provides a basic coupled framework for simulating the long-term behaviours of landfilled MSW. It can be improved upon in future research by implementing other, more reasonable, constitutive relations of MSW.
Essential oil composition and insecticidal activity of Satureja boissieri against Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) and Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Karakoç Ömer Cem , Tüfekçi Ali Rıza , Gül Fatih , Koldaş Serkan , Alkan Mustafa
Published: June 2020

In the scope of this study, we have investigated fumigant and contact toxicity effects of Satureja boissieri Hausskn. ex Boiss. essential oil against Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The fumigant and contact toxicity experiments were carried out with the adults of Sitophilus granarius whereas the contact toxicity experiment was carried out with the 3rd, 4th and 5th larvae of S. littoralis. Also, various fractions of S. boissieri essential oil were investigated for fumigant activity against S. granarius. In fumigant toxicity studies, the highest activity was obtained at 36 hours with a dose of 0.1 μl/ml with a 100% mortality rate. Fractions of the essential oil had significant fumigant activity on S. granarius (100% fumigant activity at 0.1 μl/ml). Contact toxicity of 100 μl/ml essential oil on the 3rd and 4th larval stage of S. littoralis, was determined to be 100%, however, on the 5th larval stage it was 90.17%. The activity at 25 μl/ml dose was 71.12% in the 3rd larval stage whereas the activity remained very low (6.39- 22.20%) in other larval stages. These results indicated that essential oil of S. boissieri have significant potential which merits to be studied further in possible applications as fumigant and contact insecticide in the control of S. granarius and S. littoralis.
Manisa ilinde Bağda külleme hastalığının (Erysiphe necator Schw.) kimyasal mücadelesinde farklı ilaçlama programlarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Savas Nurdan , Albaz Esra , Önder Serkan
Published: June 2020

Çalışmada, Bağ küllemesi hastalığı ile kimyasal mücadelede uygun zamanın ve daha etkili olacak bir ilaçlama programının tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Deneme Manisa Bağcılık Araştırma Enstitüsünün deneme bağında, Bağ küllemesi hastalığıyla bulaşık olduğu bilinen Sultani Çekirdeksiz üzüm çeşidinde 2015 yılında yürütülmüştür. Program A (Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatı kimyasal mücadelesi), (Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatında birinci ve ikinci ilaçlamalar arasına bir ilaçlamanın daha eklendiği) Program B ile Program C (sürgünler 10 cm iken başlayan erken dönemdeki kimyasal mücadele) olmak üzere farklı ilaçlama zamanlarını içeren üç program denenmiştir. İlaçlama zamanlarının hastalıkla mücadeledeki etkileri değerlendirilerek en etkili olan ilaçlama programı belirlenmiştir. Bütün programlara göre yapılan ilaçlamalarda 100 g l-1 kresoxim-methyl + 200 g l-1 boscalid etkili madde içeren (Collis SC, BASF) fungisit, 30 ml-1 100 l su dozunda kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta, ilaçlamaların yaprakta Program A %53.88, Program B %69.17, Program C %73.79; salkımda Program A %65.22, Program B %87.50 ve Program C %92.61 Bağ küllemesi hastalığının mücadelesinde etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.
1576 Numaralı Defter Örneğinde Ruûs Defterlerinin Vakıf Atamaları Açısından Önemi
Authors: YANCI Üllkü
Published: June 2020

Osmanlı Devleti’nde vezir, beylerbeyi, tımar ve zeamet sahipleri
dışındaki bütün devlet hizmetlileri ile Hazine ve Evkaf’tan maaş alan tüm
devlet çalışanlarının atama kayıtları Ruûs defterlerine kaydedilmiştir. Osmanlı
Arşivi’nde en eski tarihli Ruûs defteri 1546 ve en yenisi ise 1908 tarihlidir.
Bu çalışmaya konu olan defter, H. 13 Safer1141/M. 18 Eylül 1728 ve H. 29
Rebiyülevvel 1141/ M. 2 Kasım 1728 tarihleri arasını kapsamakta olup 177 atama
kaydını içermektedir. Çalışmada bu kayıtlar arasından vakıflar ile ilgili
olanları incelenmiş, hepsi bir tablo ile sunulmuş, ancak bunlar arasından daha
büyük çaptaki Osmanlı Padişahları ve önemli devlet adamları tarafından
yaptırılan vakıflar hakkında bilgiler aktarılmıştır. Defterde toplam 177 atama
kaydı bulunmaktadır. Bunların 80 tanesi vakıflarla ilgili olup, hepsi hakkında
burada malumat vermek imkânsızdır. Yine de tüm vakıf atamaları, vakfın nerede
olduğu, hangi görev için atamanın gerçekleştirildiği, ne zaman, ne sebeple, ne
kadar ücretle görev tevcihi yapıldığı gibi bilgilerin yer aldığı bir tabloya
çalışmada yer verilmiştir.
Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey Camii ve Vakfı (XIX. Yüzyıl)
Authors: SATILMIŞ Selahattin , ALP Sefa
Published: June 2020

Vakıf, genel
olarak insanların ellerindeki mallarının bir kısmını veya tamamını Allah’ın
rızasını kazanmak için hayır amaçlı sarf etmesidir. Bu düşünce ile XIX. yüzyılda
Aksaray’da birçok yeni vakıf kurulduğu gibi daha önceki dönemlerde kurulan
vakıfların önemli bir kısmı da faaliyetlerini devam ettirmiştir. Bu vakıflardan
birisi de

“Karamanoğlu
Mehmet Bey Camii Vakfı”dır ki, inşa edildiği Anadolu Selçukluları döneminden
itibaren Aksaray için tarihi bir öneme sahip olan Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey
Camii’nin giderlerini karşılamak amacıyla kurulmuştur. Arşiv kayıtlarında
Karamanoğlu İbrahim Bey Camii, Karamanoğlu Camii ya da Cami-i Kebir (Ulu Camii)
şeklinde geçen bu tarihi cami, vakfının sağladığı maddi imkanlarla günümüze
kadar ulaşmış olup, halen Aksaray’ın en önemli mabedi olma özelliğini
sürdürmektedir. Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü ve Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivlerinden
elde edilen defter ve belgeler ışığında hazırlanan bu çalışmada Karamanoğlu
Mehmet Bey Camii’nin tarihi, özellikleri, XIX. yüzyılda geçirdiği tamirler ve masrafları
ile caminin bağlı bulunduğu vakfın görevlileri, vakfın gelirleri ve giderleri
ayrıntılı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır.
Amasya Bayezıt İl Halk Kütüphanesi’ndeki Mecmûʻa-i Edʻiye Ve Tasvirleri
Authors: TURAN Hayrunnisa , ER Zeynep
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada Amasya Bayezıt İl Halk Kütüphanesi’nde
yer alan bir dua mecmuası dış görünümü, metin içeriği ve tasvirleri açısından
incelenmektedir. 18. ve 19. yüzyıllara ait dua kitapları ile Delâilü’l-Hayrât’larda
sıklıkla karşılaşılan Mekke ve Medine şehir tasvirlerini bu eserin de ihtiva
ettiği görülmektedir. Dönem itibariyle klasik dönem minyatürlerinden farklı
olarak bu tasvirlerde perspektif, üçüncü boyut ve renk tonlamaları gibi
uygulamalara rastlanmaktadır. Diğer dua kitaplarından farklı olarak ise eserde,
hilye formuyla Hz. Muhammed ve dört halifenin vasıflarına yer verilmesi ve
kadem-i şerif ile zülfikar tasvirlerinin bulunması önem arz etmektedir. Ayrıca
eserin, koruyucu nitelikli sûre ve dualara ilaveten Allah’ın doksan dokuz ismi
ile Hz. Muhammed’in ve Ashab-ı Kehf’in isimlerini içermesi de dikkat
çekmektedir.
Almanya ve Türkiye Ekonomik Beklentilerinin Karşılaştırılması: ZEW ve Ekonomik Güven Endeksi Duyarlılık Göstergelerinin Analizi
Authors: ERYÜZLÜ Hakan , HOPOĞLU Sertaç
Published: June 2020

Bir ekonominin kısa dönemdeki görünümünü yansıtan “ekonomik duyarlılık” endeksleri bazı gelişmiş ülkelerde uzun yıllardan beri kullanılmaktadır. Almanya’da Avrupa Ekonomik Araştırmalar Merkezi (Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung- ZEW) tarafından oluşturulan ZEW endeksi bu endekslerden biridir ve Alman ekonomisinin kısa dönem beklentileri hakkında fikir verici bir gösterge olarak kullanılmaktadır. Türkiye’de ise kısa dönem beklentileri ölçmek amacıyla Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) aracılığıyla uygulanan Ekonomik Güven Endeksi (EGE) benzer bir araçtır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin en önemli dış ticaret ortağı olan Almanya’daki ekonomik beklentilerin Türkiye’deki ekonomik beklentileri etkileyip etkilemediği araştırılmaktadır. Bu amaçla 2007:01-2019:05 dönemi aylık ZEW ve EGE endeks verilerine Hacker ve Hatemi-J’nin (2006) geliştirdiği simetrik(klasik) nedensellik testi ve Hatemi-J (2012) asimetrik(saklı) nedensellik testi uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar Alman ekonomisi hakkındaki beklentilerin kötüleşmesi halinde Türk ekonomisi hakkındaki beklentilerin de kötüleştiğini, ancak Alman ekonomisi hakkındaki iyimser beklentilerin Türkiye ekonomisinde her zaman iyimser beklentilere yol açmadığına işaret etmektedir.