bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengelolaan Pembelajaran IPA Berbasis Lingkungan di SMPN 1 Gabus-Grobogan
Authors: Setiyoningsih Titik
Published: October 2017

Tujuan dari Penelitian ini adalah1) Mendiskripsikan perencanaanpembelajaran IPAberbasis lingkungan di SMPN 1 Gabus-Grobogan 2) Mendiskripsikan pelaksanaanpembelajaran IPA berbasis lingkungan di SMPN 1 Gabus-Grobogan 3) Mendiskripsikan evaluasi kurikulum IPA berbasis lingkungan di SMPN 1 Gabus-Grobogan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Desain penelitiannya adalah etnografi.Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui (1) wawancara mendalam (2) dokumentasi(3) observasi. Jenis penelitian ini memusatkan pada deskripdi data yang berupa kalimat-kalimat yang memiliki arti mendalam yang berasal dari informan perilaku yang diamati.Sedang teknik analisis data menggunakan (1) model analisis jalinan atau mengalir dan (2) model analisis interaktif. Keabsahan data menggunakan (1) Triangulasi sumber (2) Triangulasi teknik (3) triangulasi waktu.Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) perencanaan pembelajaran IPA Berbasis Lingkungan diawali dengan pembuatan kurikulum 2013 kemudian mengidentifikasi mata pelajaran dan jumlah jam pelajaran. Dengan mengadakan identifikasi mata pelajaran IPA maka RPP IPA dapat disusun dengan mengacu pada Kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi Dasaryang ada didalam kurikulum.Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa tidak semua kompetensidapat direncanakan dengan menggunakan lingkungan . Perencanaan denganmenggunakan lingkungan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan
Unsur-Unsur Dinamis Pembelajaran Fasilitas Belajar dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Kepuasan Siswa MTs
Authors: Hatta Muhammad
Published: October 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini ada empat, pertama menguji dan menganalisis kontribusiunsur-unsur dinamis pembelajaran, fasilitas belajar, dan motivasi berprestasi terhadap kepuasan siswa, kedua, menguji dan menganalisis kontribusi unsur-unsur dinamis pembelajaran terhadap kepuasan siswa , ketiga, menguji dan menganalisis kontribusi fasilitas belajar terhadap kepuasan siswa,keempat menguji dan menganalisis kontribusi motivasi berprestasi terhadap kepuasan siswa. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif, dengan desain penelitian ex-post facto dengan teknik korelasional . Penelitian dilaksanakan di MTs Ta’ mirul Islam Surakarta pada semester genap tahun pelajaran 2015/2016dengan sampel 105 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proposional random sampling dengan menggunakan tabel kracjie. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode angket dan observasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini analisis regresi ganda setelah sebelumnya dilakukan uji asumsi klasik seperti uji normalitas, uji linieritas, uji multikolinieritas, uji heteroskedastisitas dan uji autokorelasi.Hasil penelitian ada empat, (1) ada kontribusi unsur-unsur dinamis pembelajaran, fasilitas belajar, dan motivasi berprestasi pada signifikan 0,05 terhadap kepuasan siswa sebesar 27,5%, (2) ada kontribusi unsur-unsur dinamis pembelajaran pada signifikan 0,048 terhadap kepuasan siswa dan memberikan sumbangan efektif sebesar 6,49%, (3) ada kontribusi fasilitas belajar pada signifikan 0,012 terhadap kepuasan siswa danmemberikan sumbangan efektif sebesar 9,69%, (4) ada kontribusi motivasi berprestasi pada signifikan 0,05 terhadap kepuasan siswa dan memberikan sumbangan efektif sebesar 11,32%.
PEMELIHARAAN HUBUNGAN ANTARA ORANGTUA YANG BERCERAI DAN ANAK (STUDI KUALITATIF DESKRIPTIF KOMUNIKASI ANTARPRIBADI ANTARA ORANGTUA YANG MEMILIKI HAK ASUH DENGAN ANAKNYA)
Authors: Wulandari Oksyta
Published: October 2017

Family is the smallest social unit in the society. Family also has an important role in the personal development in a child. However, today divorce rate in Indonesia has increased and divorce will harm people involved, including children. Divorce triggers weakens relationship between parent and children. In relational maintenance there are several behaviors used to maintain relational maintenance between parent and children. So the researcher was interested to know relational maintenance behaviours between divorced parents who had custody of their children with their children. In this study the researcher used qualitative research method and purposive sampling as the sampling technique. The informants were: divorced man or woman who has custody of their child and the man or woman’s child. Three people were from each group were interviewed, totaling in 6 informants. The method to test data validity has source triangulation method by comparing interview and observation result from all data sources, and only selecting consistant data which has then used as data. The result of this showed that the applications of relational maintenance behaviours between parent who had custody of their children with their children consisted of several types,including positivity, openness and routine talk,assurances, task and sharing, supportiveness,joint activities, humor, and constructive conflict management. However not all relational maintenance behaviors do by divorced parents who had custody of their children with their children. Some relational maintenance behaviors performed by divorced parents who had custody of their children with their children were: positivity, supportiveness, joint activities, humor, and constructive conflict management. Meanwhile, relational maintenance behaviors that is not performed by divorced parents who had custody of their children with their childrenwere: openness and routine talk and task and sharing that based on the lack of frequency of face-to-face between parents and children. Generally, relational maintenance performed by parent who had custody of their children with their children.
ADOPSI INOVASI BUDIDAYA KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWA (PE) DI KABUPATEN KULON PROGO PROVINSI D.I. YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sasmito Puspo
Published: October 2017

Tujuh puluh lima desa di Kabupaten Kulon Progo Provinsi D.I Yogyakarta termasuk kategori perdesaan, dimana 22 desa diantaranya berada pada lereng/punggung bukit. Ketiadaan lahan sawah pada wilayah desa yang terletak pada lereng bukit ini, membuat masyarakat hanya mengandalkan sektor perkebunan sebagai tumpuan pendapatan. Kakao dan cengkeh merupakan 2 (dua) komoditi utama yang banyak dibudidayakan masyarakat meskipun kedua komoditi ini memerlukan waktu yang relatif lama untuk bisa diperoleh hasilnya sehingga dapat belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan mereka sehari-hari, sehingga memaksa mereka baik itu sendiri maupun berkelompok berusaha mencari peluang usaha-usaha lain yang diharapkan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup mereka. Kelompok tani Mantep Makaryo di Kecamatan  Kokap dan Mendasari di Kecamatan Samigaluh adalah sedikit contoh dari upaya masyarakat untuk melakukan usaha mendapatkan perbaikan pendapatan melalui budidaya kambing peranakan etawa (PE). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses difusi inovasi yang terjadi pada masing-masing kelompok ternak, dimana kedua kelompok ini mempunyai perbedaan karakteristik yang mendasar, tetapi secara bergantian mampu meraih penghargaan tingkat nasional pada tahun 2014 dan 2015. Kelompok ternak Mendasari secara swadaya mengadopsi budidaya kambing PE dan menjadi penopang perekonomian anggota kelompoknya sementara kelompok ternak Mantep Makaryo merupakan kelompok binaan Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan UGM Yogyakarta berusaha mengembangkan usaha agribisnis dari pembibitan, produksi pupuk hingga pengolahan susu. Proses adopsi inovasi: knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation dan confirmation sangat ditentukan oleh inisiatif dan keinovatifan, sehingga dukungan dari luar kelompok bukan menjadi faktor utama sebuah inovasi mampu secara cepat diadopsi dan menghasilkan perbaikan kehidupan serta peningkatan status sosial ekonomi masyarakat.
OMUNIKASI PEMASARAN TERPADU (IMC) SEKOLAH DASAR ISLAM TERPADU DI KARANGANYAR
Authors: Riyanto Edi , Triyono Agus
Published: October 2017

Penelitian ini tentang strategi komunikasi pemasaran terpadu sekolah dasar islam terpadu di Karaganyar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan strategi komunikasi pemasaran terpadu yang digunakan oleh Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu (SDIT). Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) dapat diterapkan dengan baik di sekolah swasta, maupun sekolah negeri, termasuk SDIT Insan Kamil, SDIT Muhammadiyah Jumapolo dan SDIT MTA. Media promosi yang digunakan sekolah dalam iklan tersebut berupa: televisi, radio, spanduk, banner, buletin, brosur, dan pemasaran online. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan objek penelitian penelitian adalah SDIT Insan Kamil, SDIT Muhammadiyah Jumapolo dan SDIT MTA di Karanganyar. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara semi terstruktur secara mendalam untuk mendapatkan informasi lengkap sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan oleh peneliti. Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu dapat melakukan Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) walaupun dalam program promosi tersebut belum maksimal, namun program tersebut telah memberikan dampak positif, dilihat dari jumlah peserta didik yang meningkat.
PERANG DAN JIHAD DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIQH SIYASAH DAULIYAH (Telaah Historis Berbasis Teks Suci)
Authors: Junaidi M
Published: October 2017

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan makna jihad dalam Fiqh siyasah dauliyah, yang selama ini banyak menghubungkan jihad dengan kegiatan destruktif yang menebar teror. Untuk itulah penulis terpanggil untuk menggali implementasi jihad dalam ketatanegaraan islam melalui penyelusuran sejarah peperangan yang pernah dilakukan rasulullah bersama para sahabat. Penulis menggunakan  Metode deskripsi  dengan pendekatan normatif historis. Penulis mengidentifiksi ayat ayat al qur’an dan hadist rasulullah yang berkenaan dengan peperangan. Kemudian penulis menggambarkan realitas sejarah peperangan yang pernah terjadi pada masa rasulullah dan sahabat. Hal ini dilakukan untuk membuktikan bahwa perang dalam islam tidak sekedar penaklukan kota, merampas harta benda dan mengislamkan penduduk kota yang dilandasi hawa nafsu. Namun perang dalam tata negara islam lebih untuk berdakwah untuk meninggikan kalimat Allah dan pembebasan manusia dari kehidupan “jahiliyah”. Sehingga pada Akhirnya penulis berkesimpulan bahwa bahwa perang atau jihad dalam ketatanegaraan islam tidak hanya perang an sich. Namun perang dalam islam merupakan Ibadah sama halnya dengan ibadah sholat, puasa dan lain lain yang memiliki aturan dan tata cara yang bersumber dari alqur’an dan hadist rasulullah.Kata Kunci : Perang dan Jihad, Fiqh Siyasah Dauliyah, Teks Suci
Technical Efficiency of Soybeans Commodity
Authors: Setiawan Avi Budi , Bowo Prasetyo Ari
Published: October 2017

This research aims to find out the description of soybean farming in Grobogan Regency, the efficiency of technical, price, and economy on soybean systems. Grobogan Regency is a major soybean producer in Central Java and Indonesia.  Based on the research result, it reveals that soybean farming in Grobogan has still not been efficient yet in technic, price, and economy. It means that farmers have not been able to optimize the inputs to obtain the maximum output. This inefficiency condition occurs because the farmers are considered to use the production factors excessively. Besides damaging the nature, the use of excessive production factors also leads to increasing production costs but without maximal results. Therefore, it requires a series of attempts to give knowledge to the farmers in order to reach efficient conditions by hoping that potential to maximized profitKeywords: Efficiency, Soybean, Grobogan
Management Background, Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance of Indonesian Bank
Authors: Widowati Elizabeth Hutami , Pradono Noel Singgih Haryo
Published: October 2017

This research aims to determine the effect of management background which proxy by accounting education background, MBA education background, Chinese ethnicity and intellectual capital (VAIC) on conventional banks’ financial performance (ROA) in Indonesia. The Population consists of all conventional banks listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange period of 2012 to 2015. Using purposive sampling method to screen the data, the final sample for this research is 140 data that consists of 39 banking companies. This research used Eviews7 software to conduct panel data regression analysis. The results showed that accounting education background and Chinese ethnicity are not significantly affect financial performance. Meanwhile MBA education background and VAIC are significantly affecting financial performance (ROA).Keywords: management background, VAIC, ROA, banking.
Finite element method usage in determining pressure distribution of periodontal tissues on maxillary canine as result of orthodontic force
Authors: Elih E. , Hambali Tono S. , Salim Jono , Mardiati Endah
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this study is to obtain data of pressure distribution on canine periodontal tissues due to the orthodontic force generated by various types of motion using the Finite Element Method. The development of digital technology creates a numerical analysis for orthodontic treatment that can be done by performing 3-D reconstruction by scanning the maxillary canine teeth with a CT scan so that 255 cross-sectional images is obtained. 3 D model is then processed using the Finite Element Method to obtain the pressure distribution on the periodontal tissues caused by tipping movements, bodily, torque, roots, rotation, and extrusion. The analysis used was the analysis of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that the maximum pressure that occurs in the periodontal tissues caused by a variety of movements ranging from 3.3 x 10-3MPa to 2.9 x 10-2 MPa. This indicates that the force exerted on each movement produces maximum pressure that exceeds capillary pressure was 2 x 10-3 MPa.
The severity of temporomandibular joint disorder by teeth loss in the elderly
Authors: Herdiyani Indry , Kurnikasari Erna , Damayanti Lisda
Published: October 2017

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction is a term that covers a number of clinical problems that involves masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joints, and related structures, or both. Loss of tooth was an etiology of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to obtain the description of temporomandibular joint dysfunction level that caused by tooth loss of elderly in three nursing home Bandung. This was a descriptive study using the survey method of the elderly in three nursing home Bandung. A total of 34 people consist 6 males and 28 females. The subjects were examined by symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction and the dysfunction level was assessed by Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction Index. The result of this study shows that elderly in Nursing Home Bandung have mild dysfunction level was 7 (14.71%), moderate dysfunction level was 22 (64.71%), and severe dysfunction level is 5 (20.58%). It can be concluded that loss of the teeth is one of the etiologies of temporomandibular joint disorder. Based on the research conducted, it can be concluded that all elderly with teeth loss will have the temporomandibular joint disorder and the most severity happens based on teeth loss by using the Helkimo Clinical Disfunction Index score was the moderate disorder.
Clinical appearance of oral mucous in children with β-major thalassemia
Authors: Lova Areta Tera , Chemiawan Eka , Dewi Tenny Setiani
Published: October 2017

Beta major thalassemia is characterized by severe hereditary hemolytic anemia. The oral mucous of children with beta major thalassemia becomes yellow grayish due to the combination of pallor, icterus/yellowish and grayish pigmentation. The purpose of this research was to obtain a clinical data of oral mucous color of beta major thalassemia children's patients at the Thalassemia Polyclinic of Pediatric Department in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in December 2009 until January 2010. This research was the description method with survey technique. The sampling technique was consecutive sampling. The sample was collected in one month and resulting 129 sample. The data obtained by clinical evaluation of each part of oral mucous. Research result showed that the clinical color of oral mucous of beta major thalassemia children patients becomes pallor, yellowish, yellow, yellow grayish, yellow blackish differently of each part of oral mucous. Pallor mostly at tongue, yellowish at buccal mucous, yellow at soft palate, yellow grayish at sublingual, hard palate, gingival, and yellow blackish at hard palate. The conclusion of this research was that the color of the oral mucous beta major thalassemia children patients was changed and was different with the color of oral mucous in normal children.
The use of indexs objective grading system and smile line for evaluating the balance functional occlusion in orthodontic treatment
Authors: Damaryanti Endah , Thahar Bergman , Salim Jono , Mardiati Endah
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment has a main purpose to reach balanced functional occlusion and create a harmonic esthetic face. But several studies indicates that orthodontic treatment influence smile esthetics, especially smile arc and buccal corridor. One-third of the treated patients showed a flat smile arc and orthodontic treatment with extraction resulted in excessive buccal corridors. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the difference of the Objective Grading System index, developed by the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) and smile aesthetics in patients with Class I dentoskeletal malocclusion before and after orthodontic treatment. Methods: Twenty dental casts, panoramic radiographs and grouped pre and post-treatment. Dental casts and panoramic radiographs are scored according to the guidelines of the Objective Grading System. Extra-oral photographs were assessed by researcher using modified Goldstein dentofacial analysis. Result of measurements were evaluated with statistical t-test. Results: Results of the research indicates Objective Grading System index and also score of smile esthetics before and after orthodontic treatment shows difference statistically (for Objective Grading System index P = -1121 > 2.09 and for smile esthetics P = 5.15 > 2.09). Conclusions: Extremely weak relationship was found between Objective Grading System index and Aesthetics smiles.
Determination of vertical dimension using intercanthal distance in adult Mongoloid race
Authors: Yaw Law Kam , Subrata Gantini , Ardan Rachman
Published: October 2017

Objective methods of determining the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) offer significant advantages because no radiographs or others special measuring devices are required. One of the objective measurement of vertical dimension of occusion is twice the intercanthal distance (ICD). The purpose of this study was to compare whether there was a difference between the length of VDO and the length of twice the ICD among Mongoloid race, which was represented by eighty students, chosen randomly from undergraduate students of Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran that fulfilled all criteria stated. Result showed that there was no difference between the length of VDO and twice the ICD in this population. Thus, in this study, the ICD can be suggested as a method to determine the VDO in this population.
The advantage using Ni - Ti rotary instruments as the smoothness of one-third apical root canal wall
Authors: Soerachman Badi , Sukartini Endang , Aripin Dudi
Published: October 2017

Canal wall preparation achieved by smoothness. Objective of this study to determine smoothness differences of nickel-titanium manual instruments compared with nickel-titanium rotary instruments in apical third region canal wall. This study was a quasi-experimental research conducted by in vitro method on 30 single rooted upper permanent incisive that have been extracted. They were randomly divided into two groups (n=15) and each group root canal teeth were cleaned and shaped with manual rotary nickel-titanium instruments. Roughness analyzed used with Mitutoyo roughness surface instruments. Every sample analyzed in third region canal wall. Data have been analyzed with a t-test. The result of the study showed that different smoothness for every sample after preparation by manual and rotary. In conclusion, from this study showed those instrumentations with rotary nickel titanium will give the best smoothness than manual nickel titanium instruments, so the result gets significantly.
Decrease in alveolar crest height due to orthodontic treatment method using standard edgewise fix appliance molar
Authors: Nauli Jessy , Thahar Bergman , Salim Jono , Mardiati Endah
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment could influence alveolar bone height. The longer the treatment, the more effect it will be. The purpose of this study was determined the differences in alveolar bone height at the canine, second bicuspid, mandibular first molar in the case of mandibular premolar extraction with different treatment duration. Methods: This study is a retrospective – comparative analytic study, involving 17 samples which have finished orthodontic treatment at FKG Unpad PPDGS orthodontic clinic. The alveolar bone height was determined from panoramic x-rays obtained by measuring the ratio of alveolar crest and the cemento enamel junction to the tooth cusp (Bjorn method). The results of the study were then analyzed using t-student test with Pvalue=0.05. Results: The results showed a significant correlation in alveolar bone height reduction. In the group less than 2-years treatment, there was a reduction in alveolar bone height only at the mesial side of tooth 35 while there was a significant reduction at the distal canine, the mesial-distal second bicuspid and the mesial-distal side of the mandibular first molar in a group more than 2 years-treatment. Conclusions: This study concluded that there was a significant influence on the duration of treatment and alveolar bone height reduction in the group more than 2-years treatment.
Determination of ovulation in women using saliva ferning test
Authors: Ersyari Riska Mutia , Wihardja Rosiliwati , Dardjan Murnisari
Published: October 2017

Every human being experiences growth and development, starting from childhood to adulthood. Women who have entered puberty will experience monthly menstrual cycle. One phase of the menstrual cycle is ovulation or the fertile phase of a woman. The fertile period is the period in which there is an egg ready to be fertilized by sperm. At the time of fertility, there is an increase in the amount of estrogen and progesterone hormones. Increase in these hormones is also found in saliva. Saliva as a biological fluid in the body can be used as a diagnostic fluid. Woman’s fertile period can be assessed from the saliva. Saliva containing high estrogen hormones can form a ferning picture on saliva dried on object glass. The type of research is the study of literature. A literature study was conducted to discuss the determining of the fertile woman with saliva ferning test. The results of previous studies showed the existence of differences in saliva pictures at the time of the fertile period and the infertile period. Salivary ferning was very clearly seen in the woman’s fertile period.
مه‌جازا زمانى و په‌یداكرنا واتایێن فه‌رهه‌نگی د زمانێ كوردیدا
Authors: Ahmed Ara A. , Qassem Huda A.
Published: October 2017

بابه‌تێ لێكولینێ (مه‌جازا زمانى و په‌یداكرنا واتایێن فه‌رهه‌نگى د زمانێ كوردیدا)كو تێدا گه‌شه‌ و گوهۆڕینا واتایێ و رۆلێ مه‌جازا زمانى سه‌ره‌بابه‌تێن سه‌ره‌كیێن ئه‌ڤێ لێكولینێ بووینه‌، مه‌جاز پروسێسه‌كا ئه‌فرێنه‌ر و داهێنه‌ره‌ د زمانیدا، سه‌روكانیه‌كا گرنگه‌ بۆ دابینكرنا یه‌كێن واتایى د زماناندا و ب هۆكاره‌كێ گرنگێ گه‌شه‌كرنا زمانى د بوارێ واتایێدا دهێته‌ هژمارتن، مه‌جازا زمانى كۆژیه‌كا بنه‌ره‌ته‌ د زمانیدا، رۆله‌كێ باش د گه‌شه‌ و گوهۆڕینا واتایا په‌یڤاندا یێ هه‌ى، ئه‌و ئێكه‌ ژ گرنگترین بابه‌تێن د چوارچۆڤێ واتاسازیێدا دهێنه‌ به‌حسكرن. ئارمانج ژ ئه‌ڤێ لێكولینێ وێ چه‌ندێ بسه‌لمینم كو مه‌جازا زمانى د په‌یداكرنا واتایێن نوى د زمانێ كوردیدا رێككه‌كا ده‌وله‌مه‌نده‌بۆ په‌یداكرنا واتایێن نوى و ب تایبه‌ت د گوڤه‌را به‌هدینیدا كو سنورێ جوگرافیێ لێكولینێ گوڤه‌را به‌هدینییه‌ و چونكى باژێرێ دهۆكێ دهێته‌ هژمارتن ب سه‌نته‌رێ زمانیێ ئه‌ڤێ گوڤه‌رێ، له‌ورا نموونێن لێكولینێ ژ فه‌رهه‌نگا سه‌نته‌رێ باژێرێ دهۆكێ هاتینه‌ وه‌رگرتن، هه‌روه‌سا ئه‌وێ چه‌ندێ دووپاتبكه‌ین كو گوڤه‌را به‌هدینى وه‌كو هه‌مى زمانێن دیتر گه‌شه‌ و گوهۆڕین ب سه‌ردا دهێت، به‌لێ ئه‌ڤ گوهۆڕینه‌ ل دویڤ هنده‌ك یاسایان دروستدبیت و د هه‌مى ئاستێن شرۆڤه‌كرنا زمانیدا دیاردبیت و ب شێوه‌یه‌كێ سه‌ره‌كى و ب تایبه‌تى د ئاستێ واتاسازیێدا به‌رچاڤدبیت. د ئه‌ڤێ لێكولینێدا مه‌ ته‌نها گرنگى دایه‌ مه‌جازا زمانى یا ژ ئه‌نجامێ وێ د زمانێ كوردیدا په‌یڤێن فه‌رهه‌نگى په‌یدابووین، مه‌ چ گرنگى نه‌دایه‌ لایه‌نێ پراكتیكیێ مه‌جازێ د بوارێ ره‌وانبێژیێدا.
Potencial de Produção de Energia Eólica em Parques Offshore
Authors: Moreira Sérgio Emanuel Carvalho
Published: October 2017

A produção de energia eólica e essencial para o cumprimento dos objetivos europeus, no âmbito das energias renováveis. De acordo com as previsões da União Europeia (UE), a produção hidroelétrica ira manter a sua posição dominante como fonte de energia renovável para a produção de energia elétrica. No entanto, o uso da energia eólica ira continuar a expandir e, em 2020 a capacidade eólica instalada devera superar o setor hidroelétrico.
ISO 50001 Norma Mundial para a Eficiência Energética
Authors: Branco Paulo
Published: October 2017

Nem sempre são fáceis os desafios ambientais associados ao consumo de energia. Sobretudo devido à forte dependência de combustíveis fósseis, torna-se cada vez mais evidente a inevitabilidade de agentes económicos, políticos, sociedade em geral, assumirem um compromisso focado na melhoria da eficiência energética e no uso racional da energia, decorrente das atividades económicas.
Efecto antinflamatorio in vitro de los extractos etanólicos de cuatro plantas medicinales peruanas
Authors: Acostupa Flor de Mari­a , Chavez Alexander , Meji­a Samy E , Pauta Mario M , Tucunango Jose L
Published: October 2017

Objetivo. Determinar la actividad antinflamatoria in vitro de los extractos etanólicos de Croton lechleri, Chenopodium ambrosioides L., Peperomia congona Sodiro y Perezia coerulescens, mediante el método de estabilización de la membrana de globulos rojos. Materiales y Métodos. Se emplearon muestras de sangre humana, donde se evaluarón cuatro diluciones seriadas, 200, 100, 50 y 10 ug/mL de los diferentes extractos, usando una solución isosalina (0,85%, pH 7,2) como medio de dilución, y como fármaco de referencia dexametasona (200 ug/mL). Se determinaron los porcentajes de hemolisis y protección de la membrana del globulo rojo. Resultados. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los promedios de porcentajes de protección y las concentraciones en el caso de Ch. ambrosioides L (p<0,001), P. coerulescens (p<0,001) y C. lechleri (p<0,001). Se encontró correlación lineal entre los porcentajes de protección y la concentración en el caso de Ch. ambrosioides L (R2= 0,795; p<0,001), C. lechleri (R2= 0,631; p<0,001) y P. coerulescens (R2= 0,899; p<0,001). Los extractos de C. lechleri a 100 y 200 ug/mL; y el extracto de P. coerulescens a 200 ug/mL no presentaron diferencias significativas en sus porcentajes de protección en comparación al uso de dexametasona 200 ug/mL (p>0,05) ConclusiÃ³n. Los extractos etanólicos de P. coerulescens, Ch. ambrosioides L y C. lechleri, presentan actividad antinflamatoria mediante la inhibicion de la lisis de la membrana celular en globulos rojos. En el caso del extracto de C. lechleri a 100 y 200 ug/mL, así­ como el extracto de Ch. ambrosioides L a una concentracion de 200 ug/mL, mostraron un desempeño similar al farmaco de referencia (dexametasona).
Farmacovigilancia y alertas del uso de recursos y productos en la medicina tradicional, alternativa y complementaria en el Perú (1997-2016)
Authors: Mendocilla-Risco Moises , Bellido-Mara­n Maribel , Serrano-Mestanza Kelly
Published: October 2017

Objetivo. Caracterizar las notificaciones de reacciones adversas (RAM) y alertas DIGEMID, relacionadas a problemas de seguridad de las plantas medicinales y productos usados en la medicina tradicional, alternativa y complementaria (MTAC) correspondiente a los años 1997 al 2016. Materiales y Metodos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de las notificaciones de RAM y alertas DIGEMID de las plantas medicinales y productos usados en MTAC, las que fueron caracterizadas de acuerdo al tipo de RAM y seguridad. Resultados. En el periodo 1997 a 2016 la Autoridad Nacional de Productos Farmaceuticos, Dispositivos Medicos y Productos Sanitarios (ANM) recibió 28 notificaciones de RAM relacionados al uso de plantas medicinales y productos en MTAC, las que fueron catalogadas como grave 1 (4%), serias 4 (14%), no serias 22 (78%) y no especificada 1 (4%); las principales RAM fueron dermatitis, urticaria, prurito, erupción cutánea, mareos, convulsiones, acidosis y hepatotoxicidad. La ANM emitio 798 alertas DIGEMID, de las cuales 11 (1%) corresponde a plantas medicinales o productos usados en MTAC; de ellas, las alertas por seguridad representan el (73%), calidad (9%) y productos falsificados o venta ilegal (18%). Los principales problemas de seguridad son concordantes con las RAM mencionadas y las interacciones medicamentosas. Arnica montana, Illicium verum, I. anisatum, Desmodium molliculum, Tiquilia paronychioides, Aloe vera y Uncaria sp, o sus preparados, deben ser usadas bajo vigilancia. Conclusión. Durante los años 1997-2016 solo se notificaron 28 RAM y emitieron 11 alertas DIGEMID relacionados al uso de plantas medicinales y productos en medicina tradicional alternativa y complementaria (MTAC); por lo que, la Autoridad Nacional de Productos Farmaceuticos, Dispositivos Medicos y Productos Sanitarios (ANM) en su rol de conductor del Sistema Peruano de Farmacovigilancia y Tecnovigilancia debe proponer estrategias e instrumentos que permitan incrementar la notificacion de RAM y establecer su vigilancia activa.
Efectos de la altura sobre la neuroendocrinología: testosterona, menarquía y menopausia, y estrés oxidativo
Authors: Ybañez Julca Roberto Osmundo , Acosta Aracel Araceli
Published: October 2017

Las hormonas son mensajeros químicos que cumplen funciones vitales en el ser humano. La variación hormonal en el organismo es influenciada por distintos factores, entre ellos, el medioambiente. La exposición a las grandes alturas sugiere cambios hormonales importantísimos, debido a la disminuciónde la presión parcial de oxígeno. Los efectos de la hipoxia aguda y crónica en el organismo van acompañados de importantes cambios en la concentración de serotonina, testosterona y estrógenos, como lo demuestran innumerables estudios. La testosterona se incrementa en la exposición aguda a la altura y en los nativos de altura con eritrocitosis excesiva, esta hormona es la encargada de la regulación de la eritropoyesis y la ventilación, por ello, está estrechamente relacionada con los procesos de aclimatación y adaptación a la altura. Por otra parte, se han hecho importantes investigaciones sobre el promedio de vida menstrual en las mujeres que viven en grandes alturas, concluyéndose que la vida menstrual en ellas, es menor que en las mujeres que viven a nivel del mar. La exposición a la altura influye en la actividad de enzimas antioxidantes eritrocitarias, especialmente en la superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y catalasa (CAT) que cumplen un rol importante en la detoxificación de especies reactivas al oxígeno (ERO); asimismo se ha reportado aumento del marcador no enzimático,malondialdehído (MAD), producto final de la peroxidación lipídica.
Morpho-biochemical evaluation of EMS regenerated mutants of Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. under in vitro conditions
Authors: Rafi Sabreena , Kamili Azra N. , Ganai B. A. , Mir Mohammad Yaseen , Parray Javid A.
Published: October 2017

The present work has been carried out with the objective to evaluate the morpho-biochemical changes in the EMS generated mutants of Bergenia ciliata before transferring them to field conditions. In this regard, range of EMS doses from 0.1% to 0.9% have been given. The present doses have shown adverse effect on seed germination, root number and decreased soluble protein content of plant. However shoot length, root length, chlorophyll content and total carbohydrate content were improved at lower doses (0.3%) of EMS treatment and decreased thereafter.
Amelioration of isoniazid and rifampicin-induced liver toxicity by Amaranthus graecizans subsp. silvestris in rat
Authors: Ishtiaq Saiqa , Khan Afridi Muhammad Shaharyar , Masood Nawal
Published: October 2017

Amaranthus graecizans subsp. silvestris, a folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, was used to evaluate its hepatoprotective potential against rifampicin and isoniazid-induced liver damage. Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: Group I served as control (distilled water treated), Group II served as hepatotoxic group (isoniazid 50 mg/kg and rifampicin 100 mg/kg, treated), Group III served as positive control (silymarin 100 mg/kg, treated) while Group IV served as A. graecizans subsp. silvestris extract (400 mg/kg) treated group. The results suggest that the liver markers (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin) were significantly increased in the animals of Group II. The methanolic extract showed a significant decrease in the raised liver enzymes of Group IV and encountered the liver damage caused by isoniazid and rifampicin. Histopathological examination of liver also revealed the improved architecture in the extract-treated group. Thus, the methanolic extract has potential liver protective action due to its phytochemicals.
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Effect of Magnesium on Gas Exchange and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Coffee Plants Grown under Different Light Levels
Authors: Dias Kaio Gonçalves de Lima , Guimarães Paulo Tácito Gontijo , Neto Antônio Eduardo Furtini , Silveira Helbert Rezende Oliveira de , Lacerda Julian Junio de Jesus
Published: October 2017

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of magnesium on the gas exchange and photosynthetic efficiency of Coffee seedlings grown in nutrient solution under different light levels. The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions in growth chambers and nutrient solution at the Department of Plant Pathology of the Federal University of Lavras. The treatments consisted of five different Mg concentrations (0, 48, 96, 192 and 384 mg·L−1) and four light levels (80, 160, 240 and 320 µmol photon m−2·s−1). Both the Mg concentration and light levels affected gas exchange in the coffee plants. Photosynthesis increased linearly with the increasing light, indicating that the light levels tested were low for this crop. The highest CO2 assimilation rate, lowest transpiration, and highest water use efficiency were observed with 250 mg·Mg·L−1, indicating that this concentration was the optimal Mg supply for the tested light levels.
Physicochemical, Mineralogical and Microscopic Evaluation of Sustainable Bricks Manufactured with Construction Wastes
Authors: Aguilar-Penagos Armando , Gómez-Soberón José , Rojas-Valencia María
Published: October 2017

At an international level, enormous volumes of construction and demolition wastes are generated: 170 million tons/year in the USA, 500 million tons/year in the European Union (EU) and 12 million tons/year in Mexico. Alternative uses for these heterogeneous materials, such as the manufacture of sustainable bricks, are potential solutions to this growing environmental issue. Based on previous studies, and in compliance with Mexican standards, four different types of secondary materials were utilized in the composition of a sustainable brick matrix. Temperature and solar radiation used for drying purposes were determined, as well as weight loss, resistance and initial maximum absorption. In order to characterize the resulting matrix, observations were made with a scanning electron microscope, and the chemical composition of the samples was determined by detecting basic compounds using mapping through SEM-EDS microanalysis, connected to the SEM unit. Finally, thermogravimetric analyses were performed to correlate mechanical and chemical behavior, and resistance to high temperatures of the mixtures. The results obtained showed that all-in-one (AiO) is the most appropriate material for brick manufacturing, Opuntia ficus-indica mucilage improves physical properties, such as increased compressive strength and reduced water absorption, while wood residues, clay minerals and illite enhance mechanical properties.
ℓ2,1 Norm and Hessian Regularized Non-Negative Matrix Factorization with Discriminability for Data Representation
Authors: Luo Peng , Peng Jinye , Fan Jianping
Published: October 2017

Matrix factorization based methods have widely been used in data representation. Among them, Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a promising technique owing to its psychological and physiological interpretation of spontaneously occurring data. On one hand, although traditional Laplacian regularization can enhance the performance of NMF, it still suffers from the problem of its weak extrapolating ability. On the other hand, standard NMF disregards the discriminative information hidden in the data and cannot guarantee the sparsity of the factor matrices. In this paper, a novel algorithm called ℓ 2 , 1 norm and Hessian Regularized Non-negative Matrix Factorization with Discriminability (ℓ 2 , 1 HNMFD), is developed to overcome the aforementioned problems. In ℓ 2 , 1 HNMFD, Hessian regularization is introduced in the framework of NMF to capture the intrinsic manifold structure of the data. ℓ 2 , 1 norm constraints and approximation orthogonal constraints are added to assure the group sparsity of encoding matrix and characterize the discriminative information of the data simultaneously. To solve the objective function, an efficient optimization scheme is developed to settle it. Our experimental results on five benchmark data sets have demonstrated that ℓ 2 , 1 HNMFD can learn better data representation and provide better clustering results.
A Comparative Study of Clustering Analysis Method for Driver’s Steering Intention Classification and Identification under Different Typical Conditions
Authors: Hua Yiding , Jiang Haobin , Tian Huan , Xu Xing , Chen Long
Published: October 2017

Driver’s intention classification and identification is identified as the key technology for intelligent vehicles and is widely used in a variety of advanced driver assistant systems (ADAS). To study driver’s steering intention under different typical operating conditions, five driving school coaches of different ages and genders are selected as the test drivers for a real vehicle test. Four kinds of typical car steering condition test data with four different vehicles are collected. Test data are filtered by the Butterworth filter and are used for extracting the driver steering characteristic parameters. Based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the three kinds of clustering analysis methods, including the Fuzzy C-Means algorithm (FCM), the Gustafson
Historical Trends and Variability in Heat Waves in the United Kingdom
Authors: Sanderson Michael , Economou Theo , Salmon Kate , Jones Sarah
Published: October 2017

Increases in numbers and lengths of heat waves have previously been identified in global temperature records, including locations within Europe. However, studies of changes in UK heat wave characteristics are limited. Historic daily maximum temperatures from 29 weather stations with records exceeding 85 years in length across the country were examined. Heat waves were defined as periods with unusually high temperatures for each station, even if the temperatures would not be considered warm in an absolute sense. Positive trends in numbers and lengths of heat waves were identified at some stations. However, for some stations in the south east of England, lengths of very long heat waves (over 10 days) had declined since the 1970s, whereas the lengths of shorter heat waves had increased slightly. Considerable multidecadal variability in heat wave numbers and lengths was apparent at all stations. Logistic regression, using a subset of eight stations with records beginning in the nineteenth century, suggested an association between the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and the variability in heat wave numbers and lengths, with the summertime North Atlantic Oscillation playing a smaller role. The results were robust against different temperature thresholds.
Evaluation of Probiotic L. rhamnosus GG as a Protective Culture in Sea Buckthorn-Based Beverage
Authors: Sireswar Srijita , Dey Gargi , Dey Kinjoll , Kundu Arkasish
Published: October 2017

The main objective of this paper was to evaluate the efficiency of probiotic strain, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103) as a protective culture when present in a food system. A non-fermented sea buckthorn-based beverage was developed. To meet the required criteria for probiotic beverage (viable count of 8 log CFU mL−1), the acidic juice had to be supplemented with whey protein concentrate (WPC). The obtained beverage had a shelf life of two weeks. Furthermore, the inhibitory potential of Lactobacillus-fortified-WPC-supplemented juice matrix was evaluated against E. coli (ATCC 25922) which is a major agent responsible for food contamination and shelf spoilage. Results indicated that the fortification of beverage with L. rhamnosus GG appeared to create an effective hurdle for multiplication of E. coli in the sea buckthorn-WPC system.
Total Oxidation of Naphthalene with Zirconia-Supported Cobalt, Copper and Nickel Catalysts
Authors: Leguizamón Aparicio María , Ocsachoque Marco , Gazzoli Delia , Botto Irma , Lick Ileana
Published: October 2017

ZrO2 nH2O (hydrogel) impregnated with transition metals (Cu, Co, and Ni) was studied in this work as a precursor for the synthesis of CuO/ZrO2 (CuZ), CoOx/ZrO2 (CoZ), and NiO/ZrO2 (NiZ) catalysts, employed in the naphthalene oxidation reaction. Fresh and catalytically used materials were characterized by different physicochemical techniques, to compare the bulk and surface behavior, with particular attention to the effect of the supported metal species’ properties on the catalytic activity. Techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS UV–vis), and Raman spectroscopy, allow for establishing structural and textural aspects of the support, as well as the surface coordination and the accessibility of supported species. Results were in agreement with the CuZ > CoZ > NiZ sequence for the activity in naphthalene oxidation reaction. Electronic properties, ionic sizes, oxide phase deposition on the support surface, reducibility, metal–support interaction, and local site symmetry of metals seem to be decisive factors for the catalytic interaction with the gaseous phase.
Electrochemical Behavior of Bilayer Thermal-Spray Coatings in Low-Temperature Corrosion Protection
Authors: Sadeghimeresht Esmaeil , Markocsan Nicolaie
Published: October 2017

Cr3C2-NiCr coatings are greatly used to protect critical components in corrosive environments and to extend their lifetime and/or improve functional performance. However, the pores formed during spraying restrict the coating’s applicability area for many corrosion protection applications. To overcome this technical challenge, bilayer coatings have been developed, in which an additional layer (the so-called “intermediate layer”) is deposited on the substrate before spraying the Cr3C2-NiCr coating (the so-called “top layer”). The corrosion behavior of the bilayer coating depends on the composition and microstructure of each layer. In the present work, different single-layer coatings (i.e., Cr3C2-NiCr, Fe- and Ni-based coatings) were initially sprayed by a high-velocity air fuel (HVAF) process. Microstructure analysis, as well as electrochemical tests, for example, open-circuit potential (OCP) and polarization tests, were performed. The potential difference (ΔE) had a great influence on galvanic corrosion between the top and intermediate layers, and thus, the coatings were ranked based on the OCP values (from high to low) as follows: NiCoCrAlY > NiCr > Cr3C2-NiCr > NiAl > Fe-based coatings (alloyed with Cr) > pure Ni. The Ni-based coatings were chosen to be further used as intermediate layers with the Cr3C2-NiCr top layer due to their capabilities to show high OCP. The corrosion resistance (Rp) of the bilayer coatings was ranked (from high to low) as follows: NiCoCrAlY/Cr3C2-NiCr > NiCr/Cr3C2-NiCr > NiAl/Cr3C2-NiCr > Ni/Cr3C2-NiCr. It was shown that splat boundaries and interconnected pores are detrimental for corrosion resistance, however, a sufficient reservoir of protective scale-forming elements (such as Cr or/and Al) in the intermediate layer can significantly improve the corrosion resistance.
Over-Production, Crystallization, and Preliminary X-ray Crystallographic Analysis of a Coiled-Coil Region in Human Pericentrin
Authors: Kim Min , Park Jeong , Sim Yeowon , Kim Doheum , Sim Jeong , Park SangYoun
Published: October 2017

The genes encoding three coiled-coil regions in human pericentrin were gene synthesized with Escherichia coli codon-optimization, and the proteins were successfully over-produced in large quantities using E. coli expression. After verifying that the purified proteins were mostly composed of α-helices, one of the proteins was crystallized using polyethylene glycol 8000 as crystallizing agent. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 3.8 Å resolution under cryo-condition using synchrotron X-ray. The crystal belonged to space group C2 with unit cell parameters a = 324.9 Å, b = 35.7 Å, c = 79.5 Å, and β = 101.6˚. According to Matthews’ coefficient, the asymmetric unit may contain up to 12 subunits of the monomeric protein, with a crystal volume per protein mass (VM) of 1.96 Å3 Da−1 and a 37.3% solvent content.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Water Vapor Adsorption Properties of a Porous Supramolecular Architecture
Authors: Qiao Rui , Zhang Zi-You , Zhu Mei-An
Published: October 2017

A new complex, [Cu4(HL)4(H2O)14] (1, H3L·HCl = 5-((4-carboxypiperidin-1-yl)methyl)isophthalic acid hydrochloride), has been prepared and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The result of the X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the complex crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c and three unique Cu(II) atoms that are connected by partially deprotonated HL2− anion to form a cyclic structure. The rich hydrogen bonding and π-π non-covalent packing interactions extend cyclic units into a three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular polymer. Moreover, the thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and water vapor adsorption property of 1 were also discussed.
On Entropy Dynamics for Active “Living” Particles
Authors: Elaiw Ahmed , Alghamdi Mohammed , Bellomo Nicola
Published: October 2017

This paper presents a modeling approach, followed by entropy calculations of the dynamics of large systems of interacting active particles viewed as living—hence, complex—systems. Active particles are partitioned into functional subsystems, while their state is modeled by a discrete scalar variable, while the state of the overall system is defined by a probability distribution function over the state of the particles. The aim of this paper consists of contributing to a further development of the mathematical kinetic theory of active particles.