bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The neutrophil enzyme myeloperoxidase modulates neuronal response after subarachnoid hemorrhage, a sterile injury model
Authors: Coulibaly Aminata P. , Pezuk Pinar , Varghese Paul , Gartman William , Triebwasser Danielle , Kulas Joshua A. , Liu Lei , Syed Mariam , Tvrdik Petr , Ferris Heather A , Provencio Jose Javier
Published: April 2020

Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with the development of delayed cognitive deficits. Neutrophil infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS) is linked to the development of these deficits after SAH. It is however unclear how neutrophil activity influences CNS function in SAH. As such, the present project aims to elucidate neutrophil factors and mechanisms mediating CNS injury and cognitive deficits after SAH. Methods: Using a murine model of SAH and mice deficient in neutrophil effector functions, we determined which neutrophil effector function is critical to the development of deficits after SAH. Also, in vitro techniques were used to elucidate how neutrophils affect cellular function of neurons and glia after SAH. Results: Our results show that following SAH, neutrophils infiltrate the meninges, and not the brain parenchyma. Mice lacking functional myeloperoxidase (MPO KO), a neutrophil enzyme, lack both the meningeal neutrophil infiltration and the cognitive deficits associated with SAH. The re-introduction of biologically active MPO, and its substrate hydrogen peroxide, to the cerebrospinal fluid of MPO KO mice at the time of hemorrhage restores the spatial memory deficit observed after SAH. Furthermore, in culture, MPO affects the function of both primary neurons and astrocytes, though not microglia. Neurons exposed to MPO and its substrate show decreased calcium activity at baseline and after stimulation with potassium chloride. In addition, MPO and its substrate lead to significant astrocyte loss in culture, phenocopying a result observed in the brain after SAH. Conclusions: These results implicate MPO as a mediator of neuronal dysfunction in SAH through their effect on both neurons and astrocytes. Finally, these results show that, in SAH, the activity of innate immune cells in the meninges can modulate the activity and function of the underlying brain tissue.
Health Risk Behavior And Associated Factors Among Myanmar Migrant Workers In Samut Sakhon Province, Thailand
Authors: Paratthakonkun Chirawat , Soonthornworasiri Ngamphol , Maneekan Pannamas , Toraksa Kanittha , Zaw Aung Phone , Thu Sai Wai Yan Myint , Arthan Dumrongkiet
Published: April 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
MiR-142-3p could serve as a potential biomarker for individualized treatment of solitary and multiple leiomyomas
Authors: Xue Luqi , Yang E , Li Zhengyu , Gou Jinhai , Nie Dan , Jia Jia , Feng Juntao , Yi Tao
Published: April 2020

Background The pathogenesis and clinical behaviors between solitary leiomyoma (SL) and multiple leiomyomas (ML) vary, which lead to the difference in management for childbearing-aged patients. Herein, we aim to find the potential miRNA biomarkers for optimizing the individualized management between SL and ML. Methods A microarray analysis was conducted to screen out the potentially dysregulated miRNAs. Target genes and signaling pathway potentially involved in UL pathogenesis were predicted by bioinformatics. The effect of miRNA was examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 proliferation assay and qRT-PCR after transfection of miRNA mimics Results The top 5 differentially expressed miRNAs, Wnt signalling pathway and its two central molecules APC and CTNNB1 were screened out according to microarray analysis and bioinformatics. MiR-142-3p was selected for further exploration. In validation of qRT-PCR, MiR-142-3p was significantly upregulated in SL, while downregulated in ML, CTNNB1 and sequencing target AXIN-2 were expressed at higher level in ML than SL. Overexpression of MiR-142-3p resulted in lower transcription level of CTNNB1 and AXIN-2, and lower cell proliferation level. Conclusions MiR-142-3p may be involved in the development of SL and ML by interacting with CTNNB1 and AXIN-2 through Wnt signaling pathway. MiR-142-3p could serve as a potential biomarker for individualized treatment between SL and ML in the future.
Evaluation of ultrafiltrated dairy by-products as fat replacers in the production of reduced fat washed curd cheese
Authors: Borges Ana Raquel , Pires Arona Figueiroa , Marnotes Natalí Garcia , Gomes David Gama , Henriques Marta Fernandes , Pereira Carlos Dias
Published: April 2020

In the present study different dairy by-products were used as ingredients in the production of reduced-fat (RF) washed curd cheeses. Whey, buttermilk and sheep’s second cheese whey, previously concentrated y ultrafiltration (UF), were used envisaging the improvement of texture and flavour of the RF cheeses. UF concentration, is a technique that can be easily available to small scale dairy plants, allowing for the recovery of those dairy by-products. Conventional full-fat (FF) cheeses presented more than 45% fat (d/b) while RF cheeses presented values in the range 20-30%, being in most cases classified as low-fat cheeses according to national standards. The ratio protein in dry matter/fat in dry matter was lower than 1 in FF cheeses and in the range 1.8-2.7 in RF cheeses. The paste of FF cheeses presented a more pronounced yellow colour at the 60th and 90th days of ripening, indicating that fat plays a major role regarding this parameter. The different by-products showed different performances when added to milk used in the production of cheeses. After the 60th day of ripening, FF cheeses and RF cheeses with added buttermilk presented lower values for the hardness of the paste (5.0-7.5 N) when compared to the remaining cheeses. At the end of ripening, chewiness of the paste was also significantly lower in these cheeses. RF cheeses with 5% incorporation of UF concentrated buttermilk presented the best results both concerning texture and sensory evaluation. This fact can be related to the specific composition of buttermilk, namely to its richness in phospholipids.
The prognostic value of immune infiltration signature and its potential mechanism in gastric cancer
Authors: Zeng Jie , Yu Tianyu , Li Xuan , Duan Hongxia , Xie Shuanshuan , Wang Changhui
Published: April 2020

The development of gastric cancer (GC) is closely associated with tumor microenvironment. Tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), as a significant component of the tumor microenvironment, not only dominates the immune response of tumors, but is also valuable prognostic indicators. In our study, GC patients from GEO database and TCGA database were enrolled. The proportion of 22 kinds of TIICs were accurately evaluated by a deconvolution algorithm named CIBERSORT. The result showed TIICs component were varied in cancer tissue and adjacent tissue, besides the TIICs component had an effect on overall survival (OS). After LASSO cox regression and stepwise filter optimization analyzed, tumor tissues which were riches in M2 macrophages and activated mast cells, lack of plasma cells or activated CD4 memory T cells and neutrophils may cause a poor prognosis. Based on this result, a novel nomogram was stablished to assess the survival rate of GC patients. A survival immune risk (SIR) score model was further developed to validate the relationship between immune infiltration and pathological traits or oncogenic pathways in GC. In conclusion, this study may be contributed to finding new immunotherapy targets and providing individualize treatment strategies for GC patients.
A study on the biomass wastes' combustion process and their biochar
Authors: Hadey Chaimaa , Malika Allouch , Mohammed Alami , Fatima Boukhlifi
Published: April 2020

Peanut shells (PS) and sugar canes (SC) constitute an attractive and an energetic biomass source in Morocco since they are renewable, abundant and available. this work seeks to study the thermal decomposition of these biomass samples and their derived solid biofuel under oxidative atmosphere, and it also attempts to determine their kinetic and thermodynamic combustion parameters . The solid biofuel samples were produced by slow pyrolysis at a temperature of 400°C. Based on the TGA results, the biomass combustion process goes through three stages which are the evaporation of moisture, devolatilization and char formation. For the biochar, it takes two steps that corresponds to the evacuation of water and to the coal combustion. Kinetic parameters of each step are evaluated using Coats-Redfern method, and the thermodynamic parameters are calculated. The results have shown that biochar is less reactive than its original biomass, and that the biomass samples are the most reactive ones in the coal oxidation stage. We have also found that the biomass samples present a different combustion process. These results are useful for the configuration and the design of feasible systems for the conversion of this biomass into energy.
Environmental shaping of the bacterial and fungal community in infant bed dust and correlations with the airway microbiota
Authors: Gupta Shashank , Hjelmsø Mathis H. , Lehtimäki Jenni , Li Xuanji , Mortensen Martin Steen , Russel Jakob , Trivedi Urvish , Rasmussen Morten A. , Stokholm Jakob , Bisgaard Hans , Sørensen Søren Johannes
Published: April 2020

Background From early life children are exposed to a multitude of environmental exposures, which may be of crucial importance for a healthy development. Here, the environmental microbiota may be of particular interest as it represents the interface between environmental factors and the child. As infants in modern societies spend a considerable amount of time indoors, we hypothesize that the indoor bed dust microbiota might be an important factor for the child and for the colonization of the early airway microbiome. To explore this hypothesis, we analysed the influence of environmental exposures on 577 dust samples from children’s beds (age 6 months) together with 542 airway samples (age 3 months) from the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood 2010 cohort. Results The bed dust and airway microbiota were both profiled with bacterial amplicon sequencing while also fungal community was profiled from bed dust. Bacterial and fungal diversity in the dust was positively correlated. We observed that bacterial bed dust microbiota was influenced by multiple environmental factors, such as type of home (house or apartment), rural or urban living environment and pets (cat and/or dog), whereas fungal bed dust microbiota was majorly influenced by the sampling season. We further observed minor associations between bed dust and airway microbiota compositions among infants, but no evidence of transfer of individual taxa between the two departments. Conclusions Our finding demonstrate that bed dust microbiota is influenced by environmental exposures and could represent an interface between environment and child.
Assessing malnutrition in pregnant women using the Dietary Diversity Score and the Mid-Upper Arm Circumference: A cross-sectional study, Zambia
Authors: Mayimbo Sebean , Haruzivishe Clara Maphosa , Kwaleyela Concepta , Bwembya Phoebe , Chirwa Ellen , Kelly Paul , Kaonga Patrick , Ngoma Catherine
Published: April 2020

Background One of the easiest and effective ways of predicting under nutrition is to use the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) and the mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). The dietary diversity score is a qualitative measure of food consumption reflecting an individual’s access to different food items and therefore is a proxy indicator of the nutritional status. The aim of the study was to assess whether the DDS and MUAC can be used to assess the nutritional status of pregnant women attending antenatal. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted at Chilenje level I Hospital in a township located in Lusaka city, Lusaka province. The study employed quantitative methods to collect and analyse data on the dietary patterns and if this can be used to assess the nutritional status of individuals 24 hours preceding the survey. Health facilities were selected using random sampling method and systematic sampling method was used to select a sample of 299 pregnant women. An interview schedule was used to collect data. Logistic regression was used to establish associations between DDS and MUAC. Results In this study, 44% of the women were in the lowest dietary diversity category, which indicates inadequate nutrient intake, 31% in the medium category and 24% in the high intake. Maternal weight was associated with a 0.08 cm increase in MUAC (95% CI; 0.74 – 0.93) and this was statistically significant. Marital status and age (95% CI; 0.83 – 0.93) were significantly associated with an increase in MUAC in the univariate analysis but when adjusted for other confounders this was not significant (95% CI; 0.81 – 1.00). Consumption of organ meat was associated with a 0.21cm increase in MUAC (95% CI; 0.04 - 0.97). Conclusion The study results indicated that 44% of the women had inadequate nutrient intake, indicating that the dietary diversity score can be used to predict malnutrition in pregnant women. The mid upper was negatively correlated with the 24hour dietary diversity score implying that we might not rely on this measurement to assess the nutritional status. Key words Dietary Diversity Score, Malnutrition, Mid Upper Arm Circumference, Pregnant women, Antenatal.
La competitividad de los partidos políticos en Baja California en las elecciones de 1997
Authors: Martínez Herrera Leopoldo
Published: April 2020

En México, la transición democrática, como estrategia del cambio político, ha cobrado una alta dinamicidad; además, los partidos han tenido que someterse a la evaluación de los ciudadanos, esto último derivado de la recuperación de la autonomía de la conciencia de la sociedad. Bajo los anteriores supuestos, la competitividad politico-electoral, a la vez que es un método para medir la capacidad deofensiva y de disputa de los partidos políticos en las actuales circunstancias, es también una condición para su actuación en medio de un sistema electoral moderno, democrático, y por ello, equitarivo. Un caso ilustrativo lo constituye Baja California,que el 6 de julio de 1997. eligió a seis representantes distritales a la Cámara de Diputados de la Nación. El resultado de dicho evento se presenta en este artfculo a la luz de la medición de la competividad de los partidos que contendieron en ella a través de cinco indicadores: a) competitividad simple, b) margen de victoria delPAN respecto al PRI. c) potencia opositora. d) número de partidos y e) expansión del sistema electoral.
Sociografía elemental del campo religioso protestante en municipios de la frontera norte y Tabasco
Authors: Molina Hernández José Luis
Published: April 2020

La transformación del campo religioso mexicano es un hecho claro, manifestado en la disminución del porcentaje de feligreses católicos con respecto a los de otras afiliaciones religiosas, así como la proliferación de grupos distintos. Pese a ello, es poco lo que sabemos con respecto a la naturaleza y dirección de esta transformación aun en aquellas regiones del campo religioso en las cuales ha alcanzado niveles sin precedente. El presente trabajo pretende contribuir al conocimiento de estas transformaciones mediante el análisis de la composición y evolución de segmentos específicos del campo religioso, parte ambos de las zonas de cambio acelerado, como lo son los municipios de la frontera norte y de Tabasco. Mediante el uso de diversas técnicas de análisis, se construye un perfil regional y municipal que sirve como muestra de lo que pasa en el campo religioso general, y que nos permite tener una idea de que grupos crecen, en donde, con que ritmos y a que causas podemos atribuirle dicho crecimiento. El análisis comparativo revela, además, las profundas diferencias existentes en ambas regiones en cuanto al tipo de grupo que están creciendo, sus etapas de dicho crecimiento, y la naturaleza más o menos plural de cada municipio y región.
Traditional Uses, Therapeutic Effects and Recent Advances of Curcumin: A Mini-Review
Authors: Slika Layal , Patra Digambara
Published: April 2020

Studies regarding the uses and biological benefits curcumin have long been paid worldwide
attention. Curcumin is a polyphenol found in the turmeric spice, which is derived from the rhizomes of
Curcuma longa. Curcumin is a major constituent of the traditional Indian holistic system, Ayurveda,
and it is well-known in treating diverse ailments. The aim of this study is to conduct an overview that
introduces the traditional uses and therapeutic effects of this valuable phytochemical with more focus
on the antitumor results. This review was conducted based on published articles on PubMed, Medline,
and Web of Science databases. In this study, the search strategy identified 103 references. Curcumin is
found to possess many functions in recent years. It is commonly used for its antioxidant, antimicrobial,
anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects.
Curcumin has been greatly reported to prevent many diseases through modulating several signaling
pathways, and the molecular bases of its anti-tumor bioactivities are imputed to the antiproliferative,
anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastasis effects. The antitoxic
potential of curcumin against various toxin like Aflatoxin B1 is reported. Although curcumin is a
safe and promising phytochemical, it suffers from bioavailability problems that limit its therapeutic efficacy.
Thus, various promising strategies allowed for the achievement of multiple and effective varieties
of curcumin formulations, such as adjuvants, nanoparticles, liposome, micelle and phospholipid
complexes, metal complexes, derivatives, and analogues. In conclusion, curcumin is widely used for
myriad therapeutic purposes that trigger its significant value. This short review aims to highlight the
known biological activities of curcumin and provide evidence for its antitumor effects.
Zinc Poisoning - Symptoms, Causes, Treatments
Authors: Rahimzadeh Mehrdad Rafati , Rahimzadeh Mehravar Rafati , Kazemi Sohrab , Moghadamnia Ali Akbar
Published: April 2020

Zinc poisoning has been reported from many parts of the world. It is one of the global health
problems that affect many organs, if exposed by inhalation of zinc vapors or by consumption of contaminated
food and water. Long term exposure to zinc compounds from different sources such as air,
water, soil, and food, lead to toxic effects on body systems, especially digestive, respiratory, and nerve
systems, and also causes cancer. Zinc levels can be determined in blood, urine, hair, and nails. Patients
with zinc toxicity need chelating agents, other pharmacological treatment, protective lung ventilation,
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and supportive care.
The Significance of Renal Function in Response to Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy – A Piece of a Much Larger Puzzle
Authors: Dębska-Kozłowska Agnieszka , Warchoł Izabela , Książczyk Marcin , Lubiński Andrzej
Published: April 2020

Background:

Although cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is an important player in the
treatment of patients with heart failure (HF), the proportion of CRT patients with no improvement in
either echocardiographic or clinical parameters remains consistently high and accounts for about 30%
despite meeting CRT implantation criteria. Furthermore, in patients suffering from HF, renal dysfunction
accounts for as many as 30-60%. Accordingly, CRT may improve renal function inducing a systemic
haemodynamic benefit leading to increased renal blood flow.

Objectives:

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the importance of renal function in response to
resynchronisation therapy during a 12-month follow-up period.

Materials and Methods:

The study consisted of 46 HF patients qualified for implantation of cardiac
resynchronisation therapy defibrillator (CRT-D). A CRT responder is defined as a person without
chronic HF exacerbations during observation whose physical efficiency has improved owing to the New
York Heart Association (NYHA) class improvement ≥1.

Results:

A statistically significant difference was noted between responders and non-responders regarding
creatinine level at the 3rd month (p=0.04) and, particularly, at the 12th month (p=0.02) of follow-up
(100±23 vs 139±78 μmol/l). Moreover, there was a remarkable difference between both study groups
with regard to GFR CKD-EPI (glomerular filtration rate (GFR) assessed using the Chronic Kidney Disease
Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula) at the 6th (p=0.03) and 12th month (p=0.01) of
follow-up. The reference values for initial creatinine concentrations (101 μmol/l) as well as GFR CKDEPI
(63 ml/min/1.73m2) were empirically evaluated to predict favourable therapeutic CRT response.

Conclusions:

Predictive value of GFR CKD-EPI and creatinine concentration for a positive response to
CRT was found relevant.
Identification of Carcinogenic Chemicals with Network Embedding and Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Peng Xuefei , Chen Lei , Zhou Jian-Peng
Published: April 2020

Background:

Cancer is the second leading cause of human death in the world. To date,
many factors have been confirmed to be the cause of cancer. Among them, carcinogenic chemicals
have been widely accepted as the important ones. Traditional methods for detecting carcinogenic
chemicals are of low efficiency and high cost.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to design an efficient computational method for the
identification of carcinogenic chemicals.

Methods:

A new computational model was proposed for detecting carcinogenic chemicals. As a
data-driven model, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic chemicals were obtained from Carcinogenic
Potency Database (CPDB). These chemicals were represented by features extracted from five
chemical networks, representing five types of chemical associations, via a network embedding
method, Mashup. Obtained features were fed into a powerful deep learning method, recurrent
neural network, to build the model.

Results:

The jackknife test on such model provided the F-measure of 0.971 and AUROC of 0.971.

Conclusion:

The proposed model was quite effective and was superior to the models with
traditional machine learning algorithms, classic chemical encoding schemes or direct usage of
chemical associations.
Agent belongings to several systems: axioms, reflexivity, forecasting
Authors: Babich M. Yu. , Kuznetsov V. E. , Babich A. M.
Published: April 2020

The multi-agent systems involved in the conflict and the agents belonging to them are considered. The concept of a super-system is introduced. The axioms of agents belonging to several systems with mismatching goals are introduced for agents, multi-agent systems and super-systems. The objective is to determine the way the introduced axioms affect the studied processes. The theory of reflexive control of conflicting systems is considered. The concepts of stratagem, simulacrum as well as the nudge technology are analyzed. The tasks of forecasting interstate conflicts are considered. It is shown how the formulation of such forecasting problems changes in case the affiliation of systems (states) to various super-systems (coalitions) is taken into account. The introduced axioms offer a new point of view on forecasting tasks. It is proved that the advantage in the conflict belongs to the system in which the decision-maker, with equal degrees of reflection, has more information about the systems that include agents.
Methodology of ensuring ecological safety of radio-electronic and instrument-making production in territorial natural production complexes
Authors: Zhilnikova N. A.
Published: April 2020

The production of electronics and instrumentation is currently based on technologies that can be harmful to the environment. The strategy for the modernization and development of electronic and instrument-making industries in accordance with the requirements of modern environmental legislation includes the development of technological standards based on the best available techniques. The work analyzes the status and development prospects of radio electronics and instrument-making enterprises according to environmental indicators and criteria of the best available techniques. A method for assessing the life cycle of an electronic device is considered as a tool for obtaining data on the environmental impact of its production. In order to develop environmental standards for permissible impacts of electronic and instrument-making industries, a fuzzy linear programming method with probabilistic restrictions has been proposed. On the basis of this method, a model has been formed for a water management system within territorial natural-production complexes, taking the impact on water objects of all water-using enterprises into account. The proposed decision-making algorithm for load normalization allows the company to develop a strategy for planning the volumes of water consumption and water disposal, while considering regional conditions and the influence of other entities of the territorial natural production complex.
Sustainable Facilities Management: Interviews with FM practitioners for Malaysian universities
Authors: Hasim Mohamad Sufian , Abdullah Ahmad Sharim , Abdul Rasam Abdul Rauf , Ismail Hafiszah
Published: April 2020

Sustainability in Facilities Management (FM) is a new approach in managing buildings and may be influenced by practitioners involved within an organisation.Sustainability inthe organisation has a significant impact on organisational success in increasing the firm’s profitability,reducing cost and enhancingsafety and health. This paper aims to evaluate the level of sustainability implementation in the university organisations with the objectives to measure an understanding concerning sustainable FM among practitioners, and to determine the sustainability dimension which mostly considered. Six-teen interviews were conducted, and the results found that the majority of participants were not familiar to the sustainability concept and the environmental dimension was higher priorities in FM implementation.Keywords: Sustainable Facilities Management; Malaysian Universities; Sustainable Organisation; IntervieweISSN 2398-4295 ©2020 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v5i18.188
Hacia un modelo de gestión de las organizaciones no lucrativas orientado a la excelencia
Authors: Mora Ticó Pere , Montserrat García Oliva , Morquillas Gallego Jordi
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de esta ponencia es la de poner de manifiesto que las Organizaciones No Lucrativas deben implementar un modelo de gestión eficaz, basado en la calidad de sus servicios, orientados a objetivos y, principalmente, orientado a satisfacer las necesidades de sus usuarios. Lucrativas deben incorporar instrumentos de gestión que tengan en cuenta: un análisis detallado del entorno; conocer la interacción entre los sectores público, privado y no lucrativo; aplicar sistemas de recogida de información que permitan ofrecer una cartera de servicios que den respuesta a las cambiantes necesidades sociales; desarrollar un sistema de captación de fondos diversificado; una organización interna flexible y participativa que facilite un liderazgo basado en la innovación y la eficacia; así como a implementar sistemas de medición del impacto social de sus actividades y servicios. Sus líderes empiezan a desarrollar nuevas estrategias de dirección puesto que su formación, en un ámbito marcadamente técnico, no les permite afrontar, de forma absoluta, la dirección en el marco de los nuevos modelos de gestión. Podemos concluir que una buena planificación en las estrategias de gestión va acompañada de un modelo más participativo, que tenga en cuenta las aportaciones de la sociedad civil. El trabajo en red con los distintos niveles (público y privado, con o sin ánimo de lucro) y con los distintos actores sociales (profesionales, beneficiarios, etc.) se hace imprescindible. Los líderes de las organizaciones del ámbito social deben mejorar y ampliar sus contextos competenciales, adquiriendo las competencias propias de la gestión empresarial, sin olvidar las que han caracterizado y fortalecido el sector social.
Análisis de la educación ciudadana en escuelas rurales del caribe colombiano. una etnografía de escuela
Authors: Rivera Sepúlveda Álvaro Andrés
Published: April 2020

Esta ponencia comparte los resultados preliminares de una investigación centrada en interpretar y comprender los sentidos ético-políticos y pedagógicos de la educación ciudadana en tres instituciones educativas rurales del Caribe colombiano. Dentro del enfoque cualitativo, se desarrolla una etnografía de escuela en la que se combinan diversas técnicas de recolección de información, tales como la observación participante, la entrevista individual semi-estructurada, el grupo focal, la cartografía social y pedagógica, el grupo de discusión y la revisión de documentos institucionales. Los primeros hallazgos del estudio demuestran que: 1. El modelo de democracia liberal que ha alcanzado hegemonía en Occidente, presenta una profunda crisis en el medio rural. 2. Se requiere insistir desde la escuela en la formación de una ciudadanía rural participativa como mecanismo de empoderamiento de las comunidades campesinas en la intervención sobre lo público y resignificación del sistema democrático. 3. Las desigualdades de poder, evidentes en la administración totalitaria que ejercen los rectores y en las prácticas pedagógicas autoritarias que aún siguen desarrollando algunos profesores rurales, desestimulan la construcción de una cultura democrática escolar. 4. Los estudiantes campesinos presentan serias dificultades en el ejercicio de su autonomía moral y política, lo que les impide comportare como auténticos actores sociales y políticos.
Ocio y acción sociocultural para el desarrollo de la ciudadanía.
Authors: Pulido Miguel Angel , López Paco , Leal Maria Tereza
Published: April 2020

Esta comunicación servirá para compartir parte del estado de la cuestión del proyecto I+D+i: ‘Ocio, acción sociocultural y cohesión social’. En concreto se presentarán los hallazgos más relevantes sobre las principales acciones que, en el tiempo de ocio, favorecen el desarrollo de una ciudadanía generadora de cohesión social teniendo en cuenta: 1. Las aportaciones teóricas que lo abordan. 2. Políticas sociales y educativas a nivel local, nacional e internacional que han podido aportar evidencias sobre su incidencia positiva en el desarrollo de la ciudadanía. 3. Y proyectos de intervención social, educativa y/o cultural que puedan destacarse también por su aportación de evidencias de impacto positivo en la población a la que se dirigen. Finalmente, se aportará la discusión sobre el tipo de competencias profesionales en las que se debería incidir desde la formación para facilitar que los equipos fomenten actuaciones de éxito en este campo de la intervención social.
Relação entre condição socioeconômica e rendimento acadêmico.
Authors: De Oliveira Ronaldo Efigênio
Published: April 2020

Os cursos técnicos no Brasil tiveram um grande aumento na oferta de vagas a partir de 2002, quando o Governo Federal passou a investir nesse seguimento educacional. Para ampliar as vagas, utilizou-se da estrutura existente nos antigos Centros Federais de Educação Técnica – CEFET’s. Esses Centros foram transformados em Institutos Federais de Ciência e Tecnologia, possibilitando a criação de uma nova estrutura, mais dinâmica e abrangente. Dentro dessa proposta, no ano de 2008, o CEFET-Nilópolis foi transformado em Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – IFRJ. Atualmente conta com 11 campi, distribuídos pelo Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O Campus IFRJ – Arraial do Cabo foi implantado em 2006 e conta com cursos Técnicos em Meio Ambiente e Informática. O Técnico em Informática Integrado ao Ensino Médio foi implantado no ano de 2011. Desde sua implantação – mesmo tomando várias medidas que contribuíam para o desempenho acadêmico –, esse curso vem apresentando números elevados de reprovação/retenção. Diante dessa realidade, surgiu a necessidade de investigar a relação existente entre situação socioeconômica e rendimento acadêmico. Para realizar este estudo, utilizaram-se dados coletados através de entrevista semiestruturada com alunos e levantamento documental do Registro Escolar. A análise constata que, quanto maior a inserção econômica e social, melhor será o rendimento acadêmico. Assim, aponta-se a necessidade de investimentos em políticas sociais e pedagógicas que reconheçam as especificidades socioeconômicas destes alunos, respeitando limitações e possibilidades identificadas.
Actitudes parentales hacia la crianza y perfil de socialización en niños escolarizados de Sincelejo
Authors: Vergara-Alvarez Maria-Laura , Meza-Cueto Liliana-Margarita , Peña-Oviedo Nancy-Rocío , Galindo-Solórzano Lilibeth
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue establecer la relación entre las actitudes parentales hacia la crianza y perfil de socialización en niños y niñas de primer y segundo grado de la Institución educativa rural la Peñata en el municipio de Sincelejo. Se realizó bajo una metodología con paradigma positivista, de enfoque cuantitativo, tipo correlacional, diseño no experimental y de corte transversal, en el cual se aplicó el Cuestionario de Crianza Parental PCRI-M y la Batería de Socialización BAS 1. La muestra estuvo constituida por 57 madres con un rango de edad de 22 a 63 años y 57 niños seleccionados de manera intencionada cuyas edades oscilaban entre 6 y13 años, donde el 49,12% niñas y 50,8% niños. El 59,6% de los estudiantes se encontraba cursando primer grado y el 40,4% segundo grado. El análisis de los datos se realizó por medio de los estadísticos descriptivos empleando el programa SPSS y la formula r-pearson para el análisis correlacional. En los resultados obtenidos se evidenció que, la actitud hacia la crianza con la media más alta fue el compromiso. En cuanto al perfil de socialización se obtuvo que la dimensión con la media más alta fue el respeto-autocontrol lo que indica que la mayoría de niños acatan normas de convivencia y son capaces de relacionarse armónicamente con sus compañeros. Finalmente, se obtuvo como resultado la no existencia de correlaciones significativas entre las variables, lo cual podría ser explicado a partir de múltiples agentes y factores contextuales e individuales.
Mulher também pode: Histórias de Vida no futebol
Authors: Martínez-Mina Claudia-Yaneth
Published: April 2020

Como resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa, e considerando os argumentos teóricos dos Estudos Culturais e Estudos de Gênero em seus aspectos pós-estruturalistas, este artigo analisa as experiências das jogadoras da equipe de futsal da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), identificando a forma como a categoria relacional de gênero apareceu nos diferentes contextos sociais, em função de serem mulheres que praticavam futebol. Com base na contribuição teórica e metodológica da História Oral, foram realizadas entrevistas sobre as histórias de vida de quatorze jogadoras, participantes da equipe universitária em 2014. Foi possível identificar quatro categorias de análise: a maneira como as jogadoras iniciaram o esporte do futebol; as características do futebol no contexto escolar; a participação esportiva das jogadoras em relação ao futebol; e os significados que as jogadoras atribuíram à prática do futebol. As conclusões arrojaram a influência das normas de gênero, no desenvolvimento das habilidades esportivas, e nas possiblidades de participação a nível competitivo. De igual forma, a importância das aulas de educação física baseadas no respeito à diversidade, mesmo de gênero, como um desafio no âmbito escolar. Finalmente, os significados atribuídos à prática esportiva, foram relacionadas com sociabilidade, paixão, amizade, e lutas políticas em torno a serem mulheres.
Network Support Using Social Networking Services to Increase Exercise Adherence Among Korean-Chinese Middle-Aged Migrant Women: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Hyeyeon , Lee Hyeonkyeong , Kim Youlim , Kim Sookyung , Lee Young-Me
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Social networking services (SNSs) are recognized to be a promising approach to easily deliver health interventions and to enhance social support for exercise adherence. However, the patterns and aspects of social support through SNSs have not been reported and their influence on other social-cognitive factors remains inconclusive.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective is to explore how social support delivered through SNSs impacts interactions among Korean-Chinese (KC) middle-aged women and to identify how this approach influences social-cognitive factors for exercise (eg, sense of community, self-efficacy for exercise, and social support for exercise).

METHODS

A mixed methods design was used. Text analysis of SNS messages and text mining using the Korean Natural Language Application (KoALA) were conducted. Social-cognitive factors (eg, sense of community, self-efficacy for exercise, and social support for exercise) were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks using a structured questionnaire. A comparison of social-cognitive factors at baseline and at 12 weeks was conducted to identify any potential significant changes, using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

RESULTS

A total of 259 SNS messages were collected from 24 KC women, distributed among four chat groups, who participated in a 12-week walking intervention program between August and October 2018. The individual average frequency of chatting via the SNS was 10.79 (range 0-34) and the most frequent type of social support through the SNS was network support (172/259, 66.4%). The most common words extracted from the SNS were Health, Exercise, Participation, and We. Overall, the perceived levels of sense of community (P<.001) and social support for exercise (P=.002) were significantly increased at 12 weeks compared with baseline. Group 1 (P=.03) and Group 4 (P=.03), whose members demonstrated the highest frequency of network support, experienced a significant increase only in the level of sense of community.

CONCLUSIONS

By integrating these data and conducting a mixed methods analysis, we observed that among the types of social support, network support was a key point for the promotion of social-cognitive factors in increasing exercise adherence. Therefore, network support through SNS-based interventions should be considered as a useful strategy to help vulnerable migrant populations make changes to exercise behaviors.
A Mobile App to Support Clinical Diagnosis of Upper Respiratory Problems (eHealthResp): Co-Design Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Moura João , Almeida Ana Margarida Pisco , Roque Fátima , Figueiras Adolfo , Herdeiro Maria Teresa
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

The misuse of antibiotics is a global public health issue that fosters bacterial resistance and jeopardizes generational health. The development of validated tools such as web-based courses and mobile apps to enhance clinical decisions in upper respiratory infections is of great importance in reducing the incorrect use of antibiotics in these situations.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to design and prevalidate the interface of a mobile app to assist and provide clinical support in the diagnosis of upper respiratory problems. We aimed to assess the adequacy and usability of the interface of the tool in the belief that it could be beneficial to health care delivery in the clinical decision setting.

METHODS

Using a co-design approach that brought together professionals in interface design and experts in pharmacology and pharmacoepidemiology, the mobile app interface was evaluated through peer review sessions held by interface design professionals on a heuristic survey. The reviewers accessed a high-fidelity interactive mock-up of the interface and filled in a questionnaire to assess the dimensions of layout and visual design and navigation and tasks. The resulting feedback of this evaluation supported the redesign of the primary interface, which was assessed for the second time by 2 of the previously mentioned reviewers.

RESULTS

With 4 as the highest score, the interface scored a mean of 3.16 (SD 0.45; median of the means 3.2) for layout and visual design and a mean of 3.43 (SD 0.33; median of the means 3.51) for navigation and tasks, reflecting an overall positive evaluation. The open-ended commentaries allowed us to better understand specific recommendations of the reviewers. Throughout this section, approximately 0.98 comments per parameter were registered, reflecting a high level of effectiveness of the chosen parameters in identifying potential problems. The resultant beta version of the interface, addressing the majority of the detected problems, was further assessed by 2 of the previous reviewers, validating the new design. Future tests with physicians and pharmacists will help assess credibility and user experience dimensions.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study revealed that the designed interface is easy to interpret and use. Peer reviewers raised important issues that could be easily fixed and positively reassessed. As a result, the study enabled us to produce a new tool for interface usability assessment and a set of recommendations for developing mobile interfaces for clinical decision support systems in the scope of upper respiratory problems.
Screening Applications for Depressive Disorder: A Review of the Literature (Preprint)
Authors: Ho Wei An , Zhang Melvyn , Smith Helen E
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Depressive disorders are highly prevalent, and results in significant morbidity and mortality. A recent meta-analytical review reported the point and lifetime prevalence of depressive disorders in the community to be 12.9% and 10.5%, respectively. Screening for psychiatric disorders is essential as it not only allows for the early recognition and detection of the condition amongst individuals but also allows for the timely provision of treatment interventions. With the advances in technology, there have been several studies reporting how smartphone devices could assist in screening. Whilst there have been individual studies reporting of the effectiveness of smartphone applications for the screening for depressive disorders to date there remains no review that has synthesised the literature for evidence of screening for depression using smartphone applications.

OBJECTIVE

Given this, the primary objective of the current review is in reviewing the published literature to determine the scientific evidence for the efficacy of screening of depressive disorders using mobile applications. The secondary objective is in determining the identified applications are available on the commercial application stores.

METHODS

A search of PubMed and MEDLINE for relevant articles from inception to September 13th, 2018 was conducted. Articles were included if they were evaluating depressive disorder, and if the study involved the use of a mobile phone or smartphone application, and if the study reported how screening was conducted. A manual search was then conducted to determine if the applications reported in the published literature were also commercially available.

RESULTS

A total of 7 published articles were identified. Based on the published articles, the pick-up rates for depressive disorders are as high as 82.5%. The high pick-up rates could be accounted for by the use of validated questionnaires, and also by the use of sophisticated computer algorithms. Of the applications identified in the published literature, our manual search only managed to identify one, which was available only on the Google Play Store.

CONCLUSIONS

Our review is perhaps the first review that has evaluated for depression screening applications in the published literature and cross-checked to determine if the identified applications are also available commercially. The limited available of validated applications on the commercial stores has resultant implications for both academics and clinicians.
Using Mobile Health Intervention to Explore the Daily Physical Activity Patterns among University Students: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yeh Shao-Wei , Yuan Chun-Yan , Wu Yu-Feng , Shen Rui
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Promoting physical activity for adolescence is a global challenge in public health. Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors have been regarded to cause harmful chronic diseases to adolescent lifespan. However, high engagement in mobile technology for students may provide opportunities to help change adolescent unhealthy behaviors. Therefore, school sectors may play an important key role, such as implementing mobile health (mHealth) intervention to change students’ unhealthy behaviors and promote regular physical exercise behaviors, especially during the transition from adolescence to young adult.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore university students’ daily exercise patterns upon intervention of school-based mHealth project.

METHODS

Students’ physical exercise participation was recorded with students’ mobile application. With 4152 university freshmen (1476 males, 2676 females) and 335898 of their exercise records were analyzed (mean frequency of 38.2 ±16.10 in males, 45.1±10.81 in females) during the semester.

RESULTS

Under the school intervention project, students that exercised on Friday and Saturday was lower than that on other days, which indicated that the participation in exercise were more active on weekdays than on weekends. Among the participants who completed the requirement set by the school intervention project, both males and females used weekends to do exercise. On the other hand, overweight male university students participated in physical activity more than the requirement of the school intervention project and their exercise duration were found to be significantly higher than other participants.

CONCLUSIONS

Understanding a week of daily exercise patterns among youth upon the school mHealth Apps intervention can benefit in developing efficient and flexible projects to promote physical health and improve regular exercise participation in youth.