bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La transformación tecnológica del trabajo social en el sur de Chile. Prácticas formales e informales de uso de Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación y sus consecuencias profesionales
Authors: Binimelis Espinoza Helder Alejandro , Guarda Cerón Dina , Vivero Arriagada Luis Alberto
Published: June 2021

Introducción. El uso de tecnologías de información y Comunicación (TIC) se ha extendido como una necesidad inevitable para el desempeño profesional del trabajo social, por ello, este trabajo presenta una aproximación que busca describir y comprender críticamente estas transformaciones, a partir de las experiencias de trabajadoras y trabajadores sociales en el sur de Chile. Metodología. Se efectuó una investigación exploratoria y crítica por medio de entrevistas en profundidad considerando criterios de paridad de género, ámbitos de desempeño profesional diversos, así como también considerando experiencias profesionales en sectores rurales y urbanos. Resultados. Se describen las experiencias de uso de TIC en el ejercicio profesional, organizadas en cinco categorías: identificación de aplicaciones y dispositivos utilizados, uso de Sistemas de Gestión de Información (SGI), uso de redes sociales en el ámbito profesional, una descripción de brechas digitales, y finalmente de procesos de alfabetización digital. Discusión. Se discute sobre las consecuencias de las transformaciones, especialmente orientadas hacia una pérdida de la autonomía y una reducción o limitación de funciones, especialmente aquellas que implican diferencias contextuales socioculturales, o de una mayor dependencia de un conocimiento técnico orientado más por una lógica de control de la información que por la búsqueda de eficiencia, lo que se potencia además por el uso de redes sociales. El uso de tecnologías ocurre en un contexto social asimétrico, por ello, las habilidades técnicas, funcionales y profesionales, son ampliamente valoradas, aunque al mismo tiempo, se convierten en una barrera que imposibilita avanzar hacia usos de TIC más complejos y críticos orientados a la transformación social y profesional. Conclusiones. A partir de las experiencias analizadas, se ha podido destacar la relevancia de la utilización de SGI en el ejercicio profesional, y de sus efectos sobre el trabajo social, que tiende hacerse menos flexible y a generar mayores procesos de control sobre los profesionales y sobre los sujetos sociales atendidos. Por otra parte, la extendida difusión en el uso de redes sociales hace difícil establecer límites entre la vida profesional y la vida privada, lo que trae consigo desafíos éticos tanto para las personas como para las instituciones. Finalmente, el reconocimiento de que estas transformaciones ocurren en un contexto donde existen amplias brechas digitales, algunas de ellas causadas por las propias decisiones de política, hace indispensable pensar en la relevancia de la alfabetización digital como una dimensión relevante del futuro del trabajo social.
El proceso de sacralización del espacio en Gadir/Gades. El yacimiento de la Casa del Obispo (Cádiz)
Authors: Gener Basallote José María , Jurado Fresnadillo Gema , López Rosendo María Ester , Navarro García María de los Ángeles , Pajuelo Sáez Juan Miguel , Torres Ortiz Mariano
Published: June 2021

A finales del siglo VI a. C., en el archipiélago gaditano se erigió un monumento funerario con claras evidencias del alto status social del individuo enterrado. El monumento se convirtió en el punto de partida de la sacralización de un lugar conocido popularmente como «Entre Catedrales», donde siempre ha prevalecido su carácter religioso, plasmado en diferentes manifestaciones arquitectónicas que se adaptan a las necesidades de culto y organizativas de la religión vigente en cada período histórico. Este artículo presenta las transformaciones cultuales de este lugar durante el período de incorporación de Gadir en la órbita romana, reflejo del peculiar proceso de romanización que sufrió la antigua ciudad gadirita. El nuevo elemento ritual elegido fue el agua, por lo que se levantó en el siglo II a. C. un complejo ricamente ornamentado, con una fuente, una pileta lustral y seis cisternas. El espacio elegido fue una zona abierta empleada durante el período de ocupación púnico para realizar diferentes tipos de rituales como banquetes, ofrendas aromáticas, etc.
El final del imperio romano en el noroeste peninsular: intervenciones recientes en el yacimiento de O Castelo, en Valencia Do Sil (Ourense)
Authors: Tejerizo García Carlos , Rodríguez-González Celtia , Ferrer Sierra Santiago , Fernández Rodríguez Carlos , Sánchez Pardo José Carlos , Fernández Pérez José , Torres Iglesias Diego , Alonso Toucido Francisco , Fernández Pereiro Mario , Silva Alite Verónica , Mouriño Schick Andrea , Pascua Ríos Carla
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de dos intervenciones arqueológicas realizadas en 2019 en el yacimiento de O Castelo, en Valencia do Sil (Ourense), así como una síntesis analítica de toda la información disponible sobre el sitio. Se trata de un asentamiento fortificado que, gracias al análisis estratigráfico y las dataciones radiocarbónicas, podemos situar en los momentos finales del imperio romano en el noroeste peninsular. Así, se interpreta el enclave como un espacio de control del territorio en un momento de gran transformación política y económica. Las diferentes excavaciones llevadas a cabo en el sitio han permitido documentar dos entornos domésticos que ofrecen una importante información sobre la organización social de sus habitantes. El trabajo concluye con unas reflexiones interpretativas sobre el contexto histórico en el que se insertan este tipo de asentamientos en el norte peninsular.
Assessing SDG indicator 6.4.2 “level of water stress” at major basins level
Authors: Biancalani Riccardo , Marinelli MIchela
Published: June 2021

This paper describes a method to disaggregate the indicator 6.4.2 (level of water stress) by major river basin. The analysis was performed using the GlobWat soil water balance model and global geospatial data consistent with national statistics published in AQUASTAT, the FAO’s global information system on water and agriculture. When a river basin spans across more than one country, the water stress calculated by country can be very different from that calculated by river basin since the counting of the renewable freshwater resources from one country to another is highly dependent on the official agreement and treaties that regulate the flow of those resources between countries. This problem is hydrologically solved once the accounting of the water resources is done on the major river basin as a whole. The disaggregation by river basin allows the identification of hotspots where actions should be prioritized and reveals that the area affected by a high or critical water stress spans across all continents with the exception of Oceania. It offers also the possibility of an analysis of freshwater withdrawals by sector, which may become crucial for the definition of water management policies in the context of the economic development of a country.
As Instituições de Ensino Superior e seus interlocutores quanto à percepção nas ações extensionistas
Authors: Diniz Leopoldina Francimar Amorim Coelho , Sousa Geida Maria Cavalcanti de , Souza Dennis Marinho Oliveira Ramalho de
Published: June 2021

As informações da extensão universitária no mundo estão registradas desde o começo do século XIX na Inglaterra. No Brasil, a extensão universitária ganha maior destaque a partir da segunda metade dos anos 1960. Ao longo desse tempo, a educação universitária percebeu a importância da indissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão, fundamentada no conhecimento de concepções, fundamentos, bases conceituais, possíveis impactos e mudanças resultantes das ações extensionistas. Este estudo de revisão sistemática pretendeu analisar produções da literatura nacional e internacional, referentes às práticas extensionistas nas universidades públicas e privadas, contemplando artigos e dissertações no período compreendido entre 2012 a 2019. Como aporte, foram feitas buscas nas bases de dados na SciELO, Google Acadêmico e no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, priorizando estudos com aplicação de instrumentos para as análises. Foram selecionados 28 publicações, permanecendo oito  artigos e duas  dissertações. Os resultados apontam a extensão como  impactante na interação universidade/comunidade, contribuindo para uma educação libertadora e transformando o contexto social. Assim, as avaliações institucionais dessas ações demandam um olhar mais aprofundado acerca da percepção desses envolvidos com relação à extensão. Nessa perspectiva, o acompanhamento torna-se um meio de suma importância para se alcançar os objetivos propostos.
A transversalidade da diversidade de gênero e sexualidade na educação em saúde
Authors: Ferreira Luciane Senna , Borba Jeandro da Silva
Published: June 2021

O relato parte da experiência do Projeto Saúde, desenvolvido, em 2019, com o Ensino Médio, pelo Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Osório. O objetivo foi realizar atividades de Educação em Saúde, criando uma rede de vínculo entre escola e Secretaria Municipal de Saúde para desenvolver ações direcionadas às demandas enfrentadas no cotidiano escolar. Foi adotada a perspectiva de saúde articulada a questões de gênero e sexualidade, considerando a realidade adolescente. A metodologia privilegiou a oficina, valorizando o protagonismo estudantil como agente de transformação social. O projeto possibilitou a construção do vínculo entre a Secretaria e o Instituto, o fortalecimento estudantil no reconhecimento das situações de vulnerabilidades, para que possam se proteger e se mobilizarem contra elas, e subsídios para futuros projetos de educação em saúde. Algumas dificuldades/limitações ocorreram no decorrer da proposta, como tempo e período de execução, recurso humano e forma de avaliação. O projeto foi relevante por apresentar o tema da saúde relacionado com os de gênero e sexualidade, problematizando-os nas vivências das/dos estudantes e, também, por apontar a importância do vínculo entre setores de saúde e escola para promoção de espaços que trabalhem educação em saúde com as/os adolescentes.
Projeto político-pedagógico
Authors: Ribeiro Geize Kelle Nunes , Faleiro Wender
Published: June 2021

Neste estudo, defendemos a utilização do termo Projeto Político-Pedagógico (PPP) em detrimento de outros, mesmo sendo o menos utilizado nos cursos superiores brasileiros. Para tanto, nos apoiamos em diálogos, principalmente, com Freire, Gadotti, Veiga e Vasconcellos. Entendemos que o PPP é uma ação intencional definida a partir de um compromisso coletivo, que busca a organização do trabalho pedagógico em sua totalidade. As instituições de ensino têm o direito de exercer sua autonomia, seja para estabelecê-lo, seja para executá-lo e avaliá-lo. Com isso, pode-se destacar sua diversidade construída como resultado do seu processo de desenvolvimento socio-histórico, bem como suas singularidades. Todo projeto pedagógico é político. Por fim, concebemos que o PPP não é apenas um documento, é um processo em espiral, de ação-reflexão-ação que exige uma reflexão coletiva e uma ação consciente e organizada de todos os envolvidos, inclui a participação da família e da comunidade geral. Isto porque acreditamos na construção do PPP como ação emancipatória/edificante, instrumento de valorização identitária dos cursos e de seus sujeitos e meio de luta para ruptura de padrões abissais, coloniais.
The Ethnographer from Within: Wild Thought in Stefano D’Arrigo’s Horcynus Orca
Authors: Caradonna Chiara
Published: June 2021

The present article aims to demonstrate how ethnography is present, discussed, and criticized in Stefano D’Arrigo’s novel Horcynus Orca (1975). Through a comparison with a passage from Claude Lévi-Strauss’s Tristes Tropiques (1955), the novel is shown to adopt and challenge central tenets of ethnography. D’Arrigo imagines the possibility of an ‘ethnographer from within,’ a member of a Sicilian fishermen community who, by virtue of his personal experience, possesses the necessary distance to report about his community of origin, yet cannot help but impact it significantly as he in turn brings along and into the community a different system of thought. The article exposes the multiple inversions and subversions that the novel operates with respect to the dichotomic pairs nature/culture, civilized/primitive, indigenous/foreign, as well as to ethnography itself by focussing on the occurrence of ethnographic documents in key passages of the novel. Lévi-Strauss’s Tristes Tropiques and possibly to an even greater extent Horcynus Orca are concerned with the contradictions inherent in the study of humankind, its various manifestations, and its position in the world, without aspiring to resolve them in any univocal or definitive way.
Zur Frage der Provenienz
Authors: Giuliani Luca
Published: June 2021

The question of provenance can have very different implications in different disciplines. In the case of archaeological objects, the finding spot of an object provides us with information about the objectʼs original meaning and function. If the excavation is illegal, those involved in illicit antiquities tend to cancel any trace of their action that could be used as proof of the crime. This leads to a systematic destruction of information: when the objects appear on the market they seem to come out of nowhere; it is exactly this loss of contextual information (and not the problem of ownership) that makes illegal excavation intolerable from a scholarly perspective. My test case is a Greek archaic statue acquired by the Berlin Museum in 1925: it had been heavily damaged in order to facilitate its smuggling out of Greece and then carefully restored in order to promote its acquisition by the museum.
„Alles ist in Gott“ – Überlegungen zur bestimmenden theologischen Denkform desCorpus Hermeticum
Authors: Krämer Benedikt
Published: June 2021

Given theCorpus Hermeticum’s history of formation, it has prompted the attempt to separate layers or groups of writings within the collection of treatises. This process of division, which was for the most part undertaken on criteria of content (dualism, pantheism, etc.), has been viewed rather negatively by the more recent research, on grounds of method. Given the discovery of numerous doctrinal contents that remain constant across different treatises, increased efforts are being made to reconstruct theCorpus’s moments of unity. The present paper aims, in this spirit, to provide a more precise identification of the overarching forms of theological thought in the Hermetic writings. The reflections that follow aim to make it plausible that the defining form of theological thought in theCorpus Hermeticumcan be classified as panentheism. In addition, the distinctive form of this influential theological paradigm in the Hermetic writings will be considered.
Bemerkungen zurEktheosis Arsinoesdes Kallimachos: Gattung, Struktur und Inhalt
Authors: Adorjáni Zsolt
Published: June 2021

This article aims to present an overall interpretation of a poem by Callimachus that centres on the dead Ptolemaic queen Arsinoe II. Firstly the position of theEktheosis Arsinoesin Callimachus’ œuvre, the genre to which it belongs and its structure will be investigated. This leads to the analysis of the highly allusive character of the work (above all to Hesiod, Ibycus, Simonides and Pindar as well as to hymnic poetry). In addition, realia (the historical background) and textual difficulties arising from the fragmentary transmisson will also be treated. The appendix discusses a hitherto unnoticed testimony to the poem’s reception in the Roman epicist Ennius.
Arms-bearers in separate graves from Great Moravia and the emergence of the Early Medieval military-aristocratic organization in East-Central Europe
Authors: Macháček Jiří , Berner Margit , Dresler Petr , Kaupová Sylva Drtikolová , Přichystalová Renáta , Sládek Vladimír
Published: June 2021

Die Existenz Großmährens wird in die Zeit vom 9. bis zur 1. Hälfte des 10. Jahrhunderts datiert. Es erstreckte sich zwischen dem karolingischen Westen und dem slawischen „Außeneuropa“ und galt als erstes Staatsgebilde der Slawen, das die militär-aristokratische Struktur Westeuropas nachahmte. Neu entdeckte separate Bestattungen mit Waffen und Sporen lassen jedoch Zweifel an dieser Deutung aufkommen. Der besondere Bestattungsritus der hier vorgelegten Bestattungen weist zwar Ähnlichkeiten mit den separaten Friedhöfen des fränkischen grundherrschaftlichen Adels oder der freien Bauernkrieger auf, die archäologischen und bioarchäologischen Analysen erlauben in Mähren jedoch Rückschlüsse auf ein unterschiedliches soziales Phänomen, das zur Erschließung der historischen und kulturellen Spezifika dieses Raums als Schnittstelle zwischen Ost und West beitragen könnte.
The tradition of pottery painting in the Upper Silesian-Lesser Polish regional group of the Lusatian culture in the Early Iron Age. The example of the cemetery at Dobrzeń Mały, Opole district.
Authors: Markiewicz Małgorzata , Tomczak Eugeniusz
Published: June 2021

The idea of covering pottery with polychrome ornaments adopted from the Greek art of the Late Geometric period spread to almost every corner of Early Iron Age Europe, including some areas in present-day Poland. Painted pottery was manufactured in Middle Silesia and southern Greater Poland. Finds of painted vessels are recorded also in Upper Silesia, and a smaller number still, in Lesser Poland. The presented paper addresses painted pottery identified with the Upper Silesian-Lesser Polish regional group of the Lusatian culture from settlement and funerary contexts (cremation and bi-ritual cemeteries). A closer look is taken at the previously unpublished finds of polychrome vessels from the cemetery at Dobrzeń Mały investigated during the 1970s. Their collection is now displayed and preserved in the Museum of Opole Silesia in Opole.
War and Order in Eighteenth Dynasty Egypt (1550‒1295 BCE)
Authors: Allon Niv
Published: June 2021

This paper studies royal inscriptions of the Eighteenth Dynasty—a period of extensive military activity in Nubia and the Levant—to examine the prevailing assumption that earthly wars were conceived as mirroring a cosmic struggle between order and chaos. Instead, the sources suggest a more intricate picture, in which royal prerogative and divine will are at play, often ambiguously intertwined.
Remarks on the Orthography of Word rm
ṯ in the Old Kingdom
Authors: El-Sattar Ibrahim Abd
Published: June 2021

This paper investigates the orthographies of the word rmṯ in the Old Kingdom and the factors impacting them. It is based on a survey of texts that include this word. It aims to identify features of spelling originality and means of dissemination of orthographical forms. The study also urged with its pronunciation, its plurality and singularity, the nature and significance of its determinatives. Finally, the study concluded that there is an obvious orthography-system of this word which could be geographically, and chronology traced.
Classification Strategies from the End of the Ramesside Period until the Late Period: a Living System
Authors: Chantrain Gaelle
Published: June 2021

This study is part of a diptych. It is conceived as a general theoretical introduction to a forthcoming substantial case study describing the economy of the classifiers system in the Late Period tomb of Menekhibnekau in Abusir. In the first part of the present paper, I shall first go through an overview of the functioning of the classifier system and some suggestions about its evolutive dynamics in diachrony. In the second part, I will introduce five classification strategies that can be encountered in the texts from the end of the Ramesside period down to the Late Period. These strategies will be explained and illustrated by means of two case studies: the manuscript L of the Teaching of
Amenemope and the texts from the tomb of Menekhibnekau.
Comparative Analysis of Wood Fuels Consumption in Households in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Čomić Dragan Ratko , Glavonjić Branko Dragoš , Anikić Nemanja Duško , Avdibegović Mersudin Hamid
Published: June 2021

Analysis of the consumption of wood energy from wood-based fuels in households in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was the main purpose of this paper. A survey on wood fuel consumption was first conducted using the Wood fuel Integrated Supply/Demand Overview Mapping (WISDOM) methodology of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN). These results were compared to the results published by official statistics. The survey was conducted in ten cantons in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, namely in 5,475 households, 2,669 urban and 2,806 other households. The results of the research showed that wood fuels were used in 516,334 or 71.59% of the total number of households. Firewood was used in 497,139 households or in 96.28% in relation to the total number of households in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina that used wood fuels. The surrounding countries showed similar trends. The estimated consumption of firewood in households using the WISDOM methodology is 4.10 (when compared to the official statistical data on total felled timber in and outside public and private forests) to 4.93 times higher than the official statistical data (when compared to the official statistical data on the sale of firewood in state forests), i.e. 4.52 times higher in average. This research indicates the need to apply a new methodological approach for the collection and analysis of data on the consumption of wood fuels in households for energy purposes. Some of the shortcomings of the existing official statistics are the neglect of statistically unregistered production of firewood from private forests and from areas not categorized as forests and forest land, as well as incomplete coverage in terms of conducting a survey on consumption of all categories of wood fuels and all major consumer categories. All the aforementioned, in addition to the economic consequences, has a negative impact on the fulfilment of commitments arising from international agreements in terms of the share of energy from renewable sources and greenhouse gas emissions in total energy consumption in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In addition, incomplete knowledge of the realistic supply and consumption of wood fuels can affect the reliability of planning documents in forestry, with many negative consequences for sustainability of a complex forest ecosystem.
The Statistical Specificity of Emotion Dynamics in Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Houben Marlies , Mestdagh Merijn , Dejonckheere Egon , Obbels Jasmien , Sienaert Pascal , van Roy Joris , Kuppens Peter
Published: June 2021

Persons with borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience heightened emotional instability. Different components underlie instability, and the relation between instability and well-being could be confounded by average emotionality and within-person standard deviation across emotional states, reflecting variability. Therefore, the goal was to examine which pattern of emotion dynamics parsimoniously captures the emotional trajectories of persons with BPD. Forty persons with BPD, 38 clinical controls in a major depressive episode, and 40 healthy controls rated the intensity of their emotions 10 times a day for 1 week. After correction for differences in average emotionality, persons with BPD showed heightened emotional instability compared to both control groups. When additionally correcting for emotional variability, the authors found that instability indices did not differ between groups anymore. This shows that persons with BPD differ from control groups in the magnitude of emotional deviations from the emotional baseline, and not necessarily in the degree of abruptness of these deviations.
How Does It Feel to Have a Disturbed Identity? The Phenomenology of Identity Diffusion in Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Jørgensen Carsten R. , Bøye Rikke
Published: June 2021

Identity diffusion is one of the defining characteristics of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Given its central importance in the formal diagnostic criteria for personality disorders, identity diffusion is remarkably under-researched. In particular, our knowledge of the phenomenology of identity diffusion needs to be improved. This study is based on semistructured interviews with 16 younger women SCID-5-diagnosed with BPD. All interviews were analyzed using the interpretative phenomenological analysis approach. On the basis of this analysis, the patients' descriptions of how identity diffusion manifests itself in their subjective experience are classified into nine categories: disintegrated self-image; using various façades to stabilize the self; painful feelings of the self as broken; feeling that the self does not fit in; inner emptiness; “I don't know what I want”; great need for attention from others to stabilize identity; feeling unable to handle interpersonal relationships; and using sex to distract the self and regulate painful self-states.
Mental Health Workers' Attitudes Towards Individuals With a Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: McKenzie Karen , Gregory James , Hogg Lorna
Published: June 2021

The attitudes of mental health workers toward individuals with mental health conditions can impact the quality of care they provide. Negative attitudes among mental health workers seem particularly common in response to people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The current review aimed to identify and review the literature regarding mental health workers' attitudes toward individuals diagnosed with BPD, specifically focusing on studies comparing workers' attitudes toward BPD with attitudes toward other mental health diagnoses. The findings suggest that mental health workers have more negative attitudes toward individuals labeled as having BPD than toward individuals with other diagnoses, such as depression. This is likely due to factors associated with the label itself, in addition to workers' perceptions of BPD symptoms and previous experiences of delivering treatment. The implications of these findings are considered, with a particular focus on how mental health services can effectively address negative attitudes toward BPD.
From Courtesan to Saint
Authors: Burke Juan Luis
Published: June 2021

This essay analyzes the viceregal Mexican artist Juan Correa’s painting The Conversion of St. Mary Magdalene, from the late seventeenth century. A depiction of a woman explicitly displaying traits of her sensuality and sexuality in a Mexican viceregal artwork, the painting visually conveys symbolic embodiments of the feminine condition. These embodiments refer to religious penitence, self-reflection, mysticism, and the vita contemplativa. Moreover, I examine the episodic nature of the painting, associating it with feminine devotional practices. The painting’s pictorial configuration apparently relates to the Jesuit theological tradition, specifically to the spatial and embodied representations expressed in the engravings contained in the Adnotationes et meditationes in evangelia (1595), by Jerónimo Nadal. The essay underscores how Correa represented, spatially, a series of notions related to feminine affections, sensibilities, religiosity, and spirituality. Finally, this investigation puts forward the thesis that the painting, as an artifact, prompted devotional prayer, fostering notions such as penitence and self-reflection, and aiming to help its worshippers achieve reformatio or spiritual conversion.
Strategies for Combating Erasure and Silencing
Authors: Rodriguez Yelaine
Published: June 2021

Curated by Yelaine Rodriguez and edited by Tatiana Flores, this Dialogues stages a series of conversations around Afro-Latinx art through interventions by Afro-Latina cultural producers. Black Latinxs often feel excluded both from the framework of latinidad as well as from the designation “African American.” The essays address blackness in a US Latinx context, through discussion of curatorial approaches, biographical reflections, art historical inquiry, artistic projects, and museum-based activism. Recent conversations around Latinxs and Black Lives Matter reveal that in the popular imaginary, Latinx presupposes a Brown identity. In their contributions to “Afro-Latinx Art and Activism,” the authors argue for a more inclusive and nuanced understanding of Latinx that does not reproduce the racial attitudes of the Lusophone and Hispanophone countries of Latin America, nor the black-white binary of the United States. They look forward to a time when the terms Afro or Black might cease to be necessary qualifiers of Latinx.
ORP2 couples LDL‐cholesterol transport to FAK activation by endosomal cholesterol/PI(4,5)P2 exchange
Authors: Takahashi Kohta , Kanerva Kristiina , Vanharanta Lauri , Almeida‐Souza Leonardo , Lietha Daniel , Olkkonen Vesa M , Ikonen Elina
Published: June 2021

Low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)‐cholesterol delivery from late endosomes to the plasma membrane regulates focal adhesion dynamics and cell migration, but the mechanisms controlling it are poorly characterized. Here, we employed auxin‐inducible rapid degradation of oxysterol‐binding protein‐related protein 2 (ORP2/OSBPL2) to show that endogenous ORP2 mediates the transfer of LDL‐derived cholesterol from late endosomes to focal adhesion kinase (FAK)‐/integrin‐positive recycling endosomes in human cells. In vitro, cholesterol enhances membrane association of FAK to PI(4,5)P2‐containing lipid bilayers. In cells, ORP2 stimulates FAK activation and PI(4,5)P2 generation in endomembranes, enhancing cell adhesion. Moreover, ORP2 increases PI(4,5)P2 in NPC1‐containing late endosomes in a FAK‐dependent manner, controlling their tubulovesicular trafficking. Together, these results provide evidence that ORP2 controls FAK activation and LDL‐cholesterol plasma membrane delivery by promoting bidirectional cholesterol/PI(4,5)P2 exchange between late and recycling endosomes.
Rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury in a patient with non-compliance to levothyroxine therapy
Authors: Ghayur Ayesha , Elahi Qurrat , Patel Chinmay , Raj Rishi
Published: June 2021

Hypothyroidism is a common medical condition and is often easily managed with excellent outcomes, when treated adequately. Compliance with levothyroxine (LT4) therapy is often compromised because of the need for a daily and lasting schedule. Overt rhabdomyolysis due to under-treatment or non-compliance is a rare occurrence. We report a case of rhabdomyolysis leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) on chronic kidney disease (CKD) requiring hemodialysis (HD) in a 68-year-old Caucasian male due to non-compliance with levothyroxine (LT4) therapy. Our patient 'ran out of levothyroxine' for approximately 4 weeks and developed gradually progressive muscle pain. The diagnosis of severe AKI due to rhabdomyolysis was made based on oliguria, elevated creatinine kinase (CK), and renal failure. Resuming the home dose of LT4 failed to correct CK levels, and there was a progressive decline in renal function. Although increasing doses of LT4 and three cycles of HD improved CK levels, they remained above baseline at the time of discharge. The patient recovered gradually and required HD for 4 weeks. CK levels normalized at 6 weeks. Through this case report, we highlight that non-compliance with LT4 therapy can lead to life-threatening complications such as renal failure and hence the need to educate patients on the significance of compliance with LT4 therapy should be addressed.

Learning points

Non-compliance to levothyroxine therapy is common and can lead to serious complications, including rhabdomyolysis.

Rhabdomyolysis is an uncommon presentation of hypothyroidism and severe rhabdomyolysis can result in renal failure requiring hemodialysis.

Rhabdomyolysis associated with hypothyroidism can be further exacerbated by concomitant use of statins.
IGF1 haploinsufficiency in children with short stature: a case series
Authors: Staels Willem , Alev Nuriya , Maystadt Isabelle , Chivu Olimpia , De Schepper Jean , Heinrichs Claudine , Beckers Dominique
Published: June 2021

Context:

Short stature in children is a common reason for referral to pediatric endocrinologists. The underlying cause of short stature remains unclear in many cases and patients often receive unsatisfactory, descriptive diagnoses. While textbooks underline the rarity of genetic causes of growth hormone (GH) insensitivity and the severity of its associated growth failure, increased genetic testing in patients with short stature of unclear origin has revealed gene defects in the GH/insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) axis associated with milder phenotypes. As such, heterozygous IGF1 gene defects have been reported as a cause of mild and severe short stature. Here, we aimed to describe the clinical and hormonal profile of children with IGF1 haploinsufficiency and their short-term response to growth hormone treatment (GHT).

Case descriptions:

We describe five patients presenting with short stature, microcephaly, and in four out of five born small for gestational age diagnosed with IGF1 haploinsufficiency. The phenotype of these patients resembles that of previously described cases with similar gene defects. In our series, segregation of the short stature with the IGF1 deletion is evident from the pedigrees and our data suggests a modest response to GHT.

Conclusions:

This study is the first case series of complete heterozygous IGF1 deletions in children. The specific genetic defects provide a clear image of the phenotype of IGF1 haploinsufficiency – unbiased by heterozygous mutations with possible dominant negative effects on IGF-I function. We increase the evidence for IGF1 haploinsufficiency as a cause of short stature, microcephaly, and SGA.
Lignin modifications and perspectives towards applications of phenolic foams: A Review
Authors: Londoño-Zuluaga Carolina , Du Jing , Chang Hou-Min , Jameel Hasan , Gonzalez Ronalds
Published: June 2021

Lignin is a complex natural polymer and by-product of the pulp and paper industry. Currently, the increasing interest in bio-based products has motivated the search for alternative renewable feedstocks that can sustainably replace synthetic polymers. Because of the phenolic functionalities of lignin, this natural polymer has attracted interest for application in biomaterials. Among various products, polymeric foams stand out as a potential product in which lignin incorporation has resulted in improved mechanical and thermal properties. This paper reviews the state of lignin foam development, with emphasis placed on phenol-lignin types.
Effect of activation temperature on properties of H3PO4-activated carbon
Authors: Xu Wei , Liu Junli , Sun Kang , Liu Yanyan , Chen Chao , Wang Ao , Sun Hao
Published: June 2021

The effects of different activation temperatures (Ta), ranging from 300 to 750 °C, on the ash content, yield, ignition point, microcrystalline structure, surface functional group, pore structure, and adsorption performance of activated carbon in preparing activated carbon by phosphoric acid (H3PO4) were systematically studied. The yield and volatile content of activated carbon decreased with the increase of Ta, while the ash content, ignition point, and graphitization degree showed the opposite results. The turning point of ash content increasing rate of activated carbon occurred at 500 °C. The thermal decomposition temperature of phosphonate compounds was approximately 450 °C. With increased Ta, micropores were generated first, followed by mesopores. The ignition point of activated carbon was related to the volatile content and the degree of graphitization. Activated carbon with low ash content, high yield, well-developed pore structure and good adsorption performance was prepared at 350 to 425 °C. With increased Ta, the volatile content decreased, and the ignition point of activated carbon increased. At Ta higher than 500 °C, the aromatic and condensed ring structure, graphitization degree, and mesopore ratio of the activated carbon increased, yielding decreased adsorption performance.
The Effect of Phosphorus Metabolism on the Motion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Volutin Granules
Authors:   Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine, Kharchuk M.S. , Gromozova E.N. ,   Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine
Published: June 2021

It is known that moving volutin granules (“dancing bodies”), mechanism of which occurrence remains poorly understood, can be observed in yeast vacuoles. This study was performed to reveal the presence of a connection between moving volutin granules of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and polyphosphate metabolism in conditions of phosphoric starvation and hypercompensation. Methods. Cytological, biochemical, statistical methods were used in the study. Results. It was observed that the inactivation of the PPN1 gene, which encodes exopolyphosphatase Ppn1, resulted in a change in the number of cells with moving volutin granules (“dancing bodies” index) in the studied conditions. The index of “dancing bodies” was almost always lower in mutant CRN strain than in parent CRY strain. Using linear correlation analysis and factor analysis with the method of principal component, it was established that the “dancing bodies” index in both strains had significant correlation coefficients with exopolyphosphatase activity (EPPA) and the content of polyphosphate fractions (polyP). The difference was that this index in parent strain correlated better with the first three fractions of inorganic polyphosphates, while in mutant strain – with polyP4 and EPPA. Conclusions. Obtained data indicated the direct connection of motion of volutin granules with phosphoric metabolism in the studied conditions. It is assumed that the phenomenon of “dancing bodies” may be a consequence of the activity of vacuolar polyphosphatases.
Interaction between S-Type Pyocins and Microcin-II-Like Bacteriocins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors:   Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine, Balko O.B.
Published: June 2021

According to our previous results, S-type bacteriocins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are characterized by high activity against phytopathogenic Pseudomonas syringae strains. In addition to these pyocins producing strains are able to synthesize microcin-II-like bacteriocins. Presence of interaction between these two killer factors can determine methods of their use and activity increase of bacteriocins with antiphytopathogenic properties. The aim of the work was to test possibility of interaction between S-type pyocins and microcin-II-like bacteriocins of P. aeruginosa. Methods. The objects of the study were pyocins produced by 6 P. aeruginosa strains. Killer factors in composition of induced lysates were concentrated by 70% ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialyzed through dialysis membrane with molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) 3.5 kDa. Then ion-exchange chromatography with DEAE-cellulose, gel filtration with Sephadex G-75 and ultracentrifugation at 215.000 g for 1 and 4 hours were used for their separation. Protein concentration and antimicrobial activity were determined in obtained fractions. Visualization of proteins in active fraction composition was conducted by electrophoresis according to the Laemmli method. Results. Under ion-exchange chromatography with DEAE-cellulose application elution of bacteriocins available in lysate composition occurs simultaneously. The highest indices of activity and protein concentration were in the 4th fraction, containing two protein bands with molecular weight near 58 and 9 kDa, which are typical for S5 pyocin and microcin-II-like bacteriocins of P. aeruginosa. Further gel filtration of sampled fractions through Sephadex G-75 allowed to separate noted killer factors and obtaine purified fraction containing microcin-II-like pyocins only. Application of ultracentrifugation during 1 hour didn’t precipitate studied bacteriocins, whereas during 4 hours – lead to their separation. At the same time a twofold increase of activity indices for S-type pyocins in precipitates and for microcin-IIlike killer factors – in supernatants were observed. However achieved concentration was characterized by short-term effect, since in 14 days activity of supernatants decreased by 4–16 times, and for precipitates – by 80–640 times. Then revealed tendency for activity decrease continued. Conclusions. S-type pyocins and microcin-II-like bacteriocins of P. aeruginosa interact with each other, that ensures their stabilization and protects again destruction. Application of methods that cause separation of these killer factors is inexpedient, since it results into considerable decrease of bacteriocin activity indices.
EPR study of paramagnetic centers in SiO2:C: Zn nanocomposites obtained by infiltration of fumed silica with luminescent Zn(acac)2 solution
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37, prosp. Peremohy, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine, Savchenko D.V. ,   Institute of Physics of the CAS, 2, Na Slovance, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic, Memon V.S. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37, prosp. Peremohy, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine, Vasin A.V. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37, prosp. Peremohy, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kysil D.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Rusavsky A.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kuz O.P. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37, prosp. Peremohy, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine, Gareeva F.M. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37, prosp. Peremohy, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kalabukhova E.N. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

Silica-carbon with zinc (SiO2:C:Zn) nanocomposites obtained via infiltration with aged luminescent zinc acetylacetonate (Zn(acac)2) ethanol solution of two concentrations (1 or 4%) into the fumed silica (SiO2) matrix have been studied using EPR within the temperature range 6…296 K before and after thermal annealing. The EPR spectrum of SiO2:C:Zn nanocomposites consists of three signals with the Lorentzian lineshape corresponding to paramagnetic centers with S = 1/2, which are related to carbon dangling bonds (CDB) (g = 2.0029(3)), silicon dangling bonds (g = 2.0062(3)) and oxygen-centered carbon-related radicals (CRR) (g = 2.0042(3)). A small EPR linewidth (<1 mT) observed for CDB and oxygen-centered CRR allows us to conclude that they are in the sp3-hybridized state. It was found that the temperature dependence of the EPR signal integrated intensity of the CDB and oxygen-centered CRR follows the Curie–Weiss law with a small positive value of the Curie–Weiss constant, which indicates that the weak ferromagnetic exchange interaction takes place in the spin system of CDB and oxygen-centered CRR. It was supposed that the carbon-related centers are clustered in SiO2:C:Zn nanocomposites. We assume that the oxygen-centered CRR in the sp3-hybridized state are associated with luminescent centers in previously reported aged Zn(acac)2/C2H5OH solution.
Characterization of second-order bands in Raman scattering spectra of lead phthalocyanine thin films
Authors:   Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 46, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Gorishnyi M.P. , Fesenko O.M. ,   Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 46, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The structure, optical absorption (500…950 nm) and resonance Raman spectra (within the range 100…3000 cm–1) of lead phthalocyanine (PbPc) thin solid films with the thickness 190 nm were studied. The films were deposited using thermal evaporation in vacuum 6.5 mPa onto silica substrates held at room temperature. It was found that in the process of depositing the PbPc thin solid films monoclinic and triclinic PbPc crystallites were grown, and the amount of crystallites in the triclinic phase in the as-deposited PbPc films was approximately two times less than those in the monoclinic one. The resonance Raman spectroscopy, with application of the He-Ne laser line 632.8 nm as an excitation source, was used for studying the 190-nm thick PbPc films. Due to resonance enhancement, the second-order Raman spectrum of PbPc films within the region 1700…2950 cm–1 was successfully registered and analyzed for the first time. It has been shown that the second-order PbPc Raman spectrum is mainly formed by the overtones and combination modes of B1 symmetry fundamental vibrations. The second-order Raman region of 2550…2900 cm–1 appeared to be highly specific for PbPc and could be used for its identification along with the finger-print region of fundamental vibrational modes.
Spintronics phenomena induced by THz radiation in narrow-gap HgCdTe thin films in an external constant electric field
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Tsybrii Z.F. , Danilov S.N. ,   Terahertz Center, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany, Gumenjuk-Sichevska J.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Mikhailov N.N. ,   Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 13, Ac. Lavrentieva ave., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090, Russian Federation, Dvoretskii S.A. ,   Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 13, Ac. Lavrentieva ave., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090, Russian Federation,   Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation, Melezhik E.O. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Sizov F.F. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The responses of uncooled (T = 300 K) and cooled to T = 78 K antenna-coupled Hg1–xCdxTe-based narrow-gap thin-film photoconductors having large spin-orbit coupling and irradiated by the terahertz (THz) radiation (linearly or circularly polarized) have been investigated. Powerful THz radiation excitation causes photocurrents, which signs and magnitudes are controlled by orientation of antenna axes, an external constant electric field direction and orientation of the polarized (circular or linear) radiation electric field falling onto photoconductors. The observed effects seem to be caused by the spin currents observed in devices where spintronic effects are revealed. spintronic phenomena, photoconductors, THz radiation, HgCdTe.
Simulation analysis to optimize the performance of homojunction p-i-n In0.7Ga0.3N solar cell
Authors:   University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh, Hussain S. , Prodhan Md. T. ,   University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh, Rahman Md. M. ,   University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Published: June 2021

Simulation analysis has been carried out to determine the perfect structural parameters of homojunction p-i-n In0.7Ga0.3N solar cell to obtain maximum overall efficiency. It has been demonstrated that n-layer of 16-nm, intrinsic layer (i-layer) of 0.5-μm and p-layer of 3-μm thickness with specific doping concentrations of 1·1020 cm–3 for n-layer and 1·1018 cm–3 for p-layer allow us to achieve the maximum efficiency 29.21%. The solar cell structure provides an open circuit voltage of 1.0 V, short circuit current density of 33.15 mA/cm2 and the percentage of fill factor value of 88.03%. However, the efficiency drops drastically, if the dislocation density in i-layer is higher than 1·1014 cm–3, and unintentional doping concentration within i-layer is beyond 1.5·1016 cm–3 of the structure.