bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Equity induced up-trading and the housing market structure
Authors: Borgersen Trond-Arne
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of home equity and the interplay between market segments for housing market developments. The intention is to show that it is not only the aggregate equity gain but also the distribution of equity gains between segments that matter for how shocks to income impact house prices.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper sets out a linear housing market model with three segments. Households trade up a housing ladder and link the three segments for owner-occupied housing. The up-trading is equity-induced. An expression for the house price index, which is related to the market segment prices both directly through the segment size and indirectly through a segment position on the housing ladder is derived. The author considers the price effects of shocks to income in four housing market regimes.

Findings

– The heterogeneous housing market model shows how the interplay between segments impacts housing markets. When considering shocks to income, short-run deviations in the price-to-income (PTI) ratio compared to their long-run equilibrium due to equity-induced up-trading were found. The extent of PTI overshooting is related to the intensity of equity-induced up-trading between different segments. The market structure necessary to eliminate such overshooting is contingent on the distribution of equity gains between segments. Finally, the paper shows how the price effects of macroprudential interventions might be non-negligible when indirect effects are taken into account.

Originality/value

– The linear housing market model with three market segments introduces a framework where the intensity of equity-induced up-trading in different market segments can be analyzed. This distributional aspect is, to the best of the author's knowledge, novel. The context-specific relation between housing market structure, equity-induced up-trading and short-run deviations in the PTI ratio provides a foundation for future research.
A fuzzy imperialistic competitive algorithm for optimizing convex functions
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Tarei Mahsan , Abdollahi Bijan , Nakhaei Mohammad
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to describe imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA), a novel socio-politically inspired optimization strategy for proposing a fuzzy variant of this algorithm. ICA is a meta-heuristic algorithm for dealing with different optimization tasks. The basis of the algorithm is inspired by imperialistic competition. It attempts to present the social policy of imperialisms (referred to empires) to control more countries (referred to colonies) and use their sources. If one empire loses its power, among the others making a competition to take possession of it.

Design/methodology/approach

– In fuzzy imperialist competitive algorithm (FICA), the colonies have a degree of belonging to their imperialists and the top imperialist, as in fuzzy logic, rather than belonging completely to just one empire therefore the colonies move toward the superior empire and their relevant empires. Simultaneously for balancing the exploration and exploitation abilities of the ICA. The algorithms are used for optimization have shortcoming to deal with accuracy rate and local optimum trap and they need complex tuning procedures. FICA is proposed a way for optimizing convex function with high accuracy and avoiding to trap in local optima rather than using original ICA algorithm by implementing fuzzy logic on it.

Findings

– Therefore several solution procedures, including ICA, FICA, genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, tabu search and simulated annealing optimization algorithm are considered. Finally numerical experiments are carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of models as well as solution procedures. Test results present the suitability of the proposed fuzzy ICA for convex functions with little fluctuations.

Originality/value

– The proposed evolutionary algorithm, FICA, can be used in diverse areas of optimization problems where convex functions properties are appeared including, industrial planning, resource allocation, scheduling, decision making, pattern recognition and machine learning (optimization techniques; fuzzy logic; convex functions).
Technology usage intent among apparel retail employees
Authors: L. Lewis Tasha , Loker Suzanne
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to identify variables important to acceptance and use of advanced technologies by apparel retail employees and to recommend management strategies for effective technology integration in retail stores.

Design/methodology/approach

– Current or past retail employees (N=71) were introduced to and given time to use three technologies – a 3D body scanner, product configurator, and social networking – in a laboratory setting using a within subjects design. A questionnaire measured participants’ perceptions of each technology in terms of usefulness, enjoyment, ease of use, task importance, technology self-efficacy – overall participant confidence in using new technology – and usage intent.

Findings

– Results showed that employee's perceived usefulness of technology was a mediating influence on usage intent for all three technology types. Enjoyment also emerged as a significant mediator for 3D body scanning technology usage intent. Employees’ high self-efficacy scores corresponded to higher ratings for usefulness of each technology, suggesting that more technologically confident employees would be more likely to use the three types of technology presented in this study as part of their work.

Research limitations/implications

– The controlled environment of the laboratory setting may limit the generalizability of results to actual retail store settings. Future evaluations of technology usage in actual retail store environment involving both employees and customers are recommended.

Originality/value

– This research explores the use of advanced in-store technologies from the perspective of apparel retail employees, applying the Technology Acceptance Model. It provides insight as to why employees accept and use innovative technologies that are relevant to their jobs and increase and enhance the points of contact between employees and customers. This knowledge of employee technology usage in the store environment could be used to improve job performance and job satisfaction – issues that often confront apparel retailers.
Evaluation of retail service quality using analytic hierarchy process
Authors: Deb Madhurima , Lomo-David Ewuuk
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The deployment of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to help the retail industry to recognize which retail service quality (RSQ) dimensions require attention to create a sustainable competitive advantage. The purpose of this paper is to use a comparative evaluation model to compare retail stores (supermarkets) across several RSQ dimensions, validated and tested RSQ model in the context of Indian supermarkets and explore the existence of RSQ gap by studying the difference between customers’ perception and expectations.

Design/methodology/approach

– This study deploys AHP in which the decision problem is broken down into hierarchy; thus customer preference involves the structuring of a hierarchy in terms of the overall objective, the selection criteria and the decision alternatives. AHP technique allows pairwise comparisons to be made among the alternatives with respect to the service dimensions.

Findings

– This study validated the formal RSQ scale developed by Dabholkar et al., (1996) by a modification that led to making it more suitable to the Indian context.

Research limitations/implications

– This research does not provide guidance on different course of action to be taken. Though this study identifies which service dimensions require improvement, it does not provide guidance on an appropriate action plan to address deficiencies.

Practical implications

– Prospective and existing retailers can use this instrument effectively to measure the quality of their services as perceived by customers in comparison to their competition. This work will not only help the supermarkets to improve their competitive positioning in the marketplace but will help them to identify areas of services needing improvement on priority basis.

Originality/value

– Application of AHP to determine the best customer preference is the first ever done in RSQ studies. It does open up another dimension for further studies.
Technology-enabled bullying and adolescent resistance to report
Authors: Connolly Justin , Hussey Pamela , Connolly Regina
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– This paper aims to highlight the need to examine the factors that influence adolescents' resistance to report their cyberbullying experiences to adults.

Design/methodology/approach

– It outlines key factors that need to be considered when defining, operationalizing and examining adolescent cyberbullying as well as providing an examination of the literature on non-reporting behaviour both internationally and in the specific context of Ireland.

Findings

– By doing so, it provides justification for the need to examine the causal factors that influence adolescent resistance to report their cyberbullying experiences.

Research limitations/implications

– As the purpose of the paper is to provide a synthesis of the literature on cyberbullying and specifically the literature that point to the phenomenon of adolescent non-reporting of cyberbullying experiences, its contribution is necessarily non-empirical. Instead, it provides guidance that will assist other researchers seeking to build on this work through empirical data collection.

Social implications

– Adult interventions to address adolescent cyberbullying can only take place if adolescents report their experiences to adult caregivers, be they parents or teachers. By outlining the factors that need to be considered when examining cyberbullying, this study will assist researchers who wish to examine this issue as well as teachers, parents and policy makers who seek to eliminate cyberbullying behaviour.

Originality/value

– Research on cyberbullying and on the factors influencing adolescent non-reporting is remarkably limited. This study provides a strong academic framework contribution for other researchers seeking to progress the understanding of an emerging issue.
A drawing learning support system based on the drawing process model
Authors: Nagai Takashi , Kayama Mizue , Itoh Kazunori
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this study is to explore a support system for beginners in drawing in a networked environment. Learners can receive advice and assessments from art experts without time and/or place constraints by using the proposed system. The authors investigate the possibilities of online supporting drawing learning. Two key factors are introduced: a digital pen as a drawing tool and a drawing process model (DPM).

Design/methodology/approach

– The major difference between an offline drawing class and an online drawing class is the availability of instruction during learners' drawing. The instruction for the learners' drawing process is more important than instructional comments for his/her work. Therefore, quick and personalized feedback from a tutor is an indispensable function for a networked learning environment. In this study, the learner's drawing process that is recorded by a digital pen is reused in order to replay and refer his/her drawing process. To generate an evaluation for the drawing process automatically, these data are also reused in the system the authors propose.

Findings

– The paper provides three findings. One is the DPM to capture learner's drawing features. Second is a drawing learning support system based on the DPM. And third is a feasibility study of the support system in a real art school. In this study, the learner's drawing process is reused in two evaluations. One is the tutors' evaluation, and the other is the system's evaluation. For the latter, the authors implemented the automated evaluation function based on the DPM. This model consists of three types of parameters. They are the drawing step, the drawing phase and the features of the drawing strokes.

Research limitations/implications

– Because of the art school curriculum, the authors cannot examine the learning effectiveness deeply. So the research results in this paper may lack generality. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed approach further.

Practical implications

– The paper includes implication for the skill learning support based on the ICT.

Originality/value

– This paper fulfils an identified need to capture and support how drawing behaviour can be done.
Analysis on research activity and impact of authors in Chinese information science based on citation relationship
Authors: Wang Feifei , J. Jayroe Tina , Qiu Junping , Yu Houqiang
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to further explore the co-citation and bibliographic-coupling relationship among the core authors in the field of Chinese information science (IS), to expose research activity and author impact, and to make induction analyses about Chinese IS research patterns and theme evolution.

Design/methodology/approach

– The research data include 8,567 papers and 70,947 cited articles in the IS field indexed by Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index from 2000 to 2009. Author co-citation analysis, author bibliographic-coupling analysis, social network analysis, and factor analysis were combined to explore co-citation and bibliographic-coupling relationships and to identify research groups and subjects.

Findings

– Scholars with greatest impact are different from the most active scholars of Chinese IS; there is no uniform impact pattern forming since authors’ impact subjects are scattered and not steady; while authors’ research activities present higher independence and concentration, there is still no steady research pattern due to no deep research existing. Furthermore, Chinese IS studies can be delineated by: foundation or extension. The research subjects of these two parts, as well as their corresponding/contributing authors, are different under different views. The general research status of core authors is concentrated, while their impact is broad.

Originality/value

– The combined use of some related methods could enrich the development and methodology research of the discipline, and the results establish a reference point on the development of IS research.
Culture, values and entrepreneurial motivation in Bhutan
Authors: Valliere Dave
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– This study aims to conduct a comparative exploration into the effects of culture, social values and entrepreneurial motivation on the career decisions of youth in the newly liberalizing economy of Bhutan. These data should inform current efforts in that country to foster greater entrepreneurship among young people as a means to national development and enhanced levels of gross national happiness (GNH).

Design/methodology/approach

– We surveyed 144 young people with an express interest in becoming educated in business and entrepreneurship, located in Bhutan and Canada. We measured the seven Hofstede's dimensions of national culture, two dimensions of social values from the world values survey and the three dimensions of McClelland's need for achievement construct – in all cases by reusing well-established metrics from the entrepreneurship and international business literature. The novel Bhutanese data are then compared to the equivalent data for Canada to provide context for their interpretation.

Findings

– Our results show significant and wide-spread differences in the measures of culture and social values. On the measures of achievement motivation, our results show that the Bhutanese youth differ only in a significantly lower need for demonstrating mastery.

Research limitations/implications

– This study appears to be the first report of the widely used international measures of culture, values and motivation for Bhutan, which represents a context that differs very significantly from many of its Asian neighbors and from western countries that are the usual subjects of research into drivers of entrepreneurship. As such, Bhutan may form an important test of the generalizability of theories of entrepreneurship and national development.

Practical implications

– Our results point to novel and clear linkages between national policy objectives of increased entrepreneurship among youth and the specific supports and obstacles that exist in the national culture and values. These linkages, along with our findings on Bhutanese levels of achievement motivation, should inform the development of training programs to support the achievement of the national objectives.

Originality/value

– Bhutan represents a unique combination where national entrepreneurship programs are being used for economic development in the context of a highly traditional social environment based on the maximization of GHN. Our results provide a unique insight into significant effects that culture and values may have in the realization of these goals for the people of Bhutan.
“You reap what you pick”
Authors: A. Cnaan Ram , Bhat Ganesh , C.P.M. Meijs Lucas , Handy Femida
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– This article aims to examine the history, mechanisms, interconnectedness and effectiveness of the jasmine-growing enterprise in coastal Karnataka. This article investigates the formation and ongoing successful operation of a community enterprise that is locally originated and administered. The case of the jasmine flower growers in coastal Karnataka is a case of small-scale growers who for 75 years have operated a long-standing local community-based enterprise. Using trust, repeated interactions and efficient mechanisms of pricing and distribution, this enterprise has prevented poverty among its participants for three generations.

Design/methodology/approach

– This article provides a descriptive analysis of the enterprise as well as results from an empirical study of 700 growers. The article used cluster analysis of local villages to represent the 7,000 participating households.

Findings

– Studying local growers who are the producers of the flowers and who are living off of it, this article found a high level of satisfaction and trust towards those running the enterprise. For many people in the region, this ongoing enterprise is the difference between poverty and hunger and living well.

Research limitations/implications

– The article is based on one local community that is lucky to have a desired resource (one type of jasmine flower) coveted by many users.

Practical implications

– Combined, this article provides an account of a unique and successful sustainable enterprise, initiated and run at the grassroots level, which serves as a model for future economic development. In addition, it lists the features that are most relevant for the ongoing success of the enterprise and suggests how a new social and economic development project can learn from this enterprise.

Originality/value

– This is an amazing enterprise that was not studied before and can be a role model for many adaptations.
On the Horizon: The 2014 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Part 1
Authors: Kesselman Martin
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– This paper aims to review the highlights, new technologies and trends presented at this year’s Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas.

Design/methodology/approach

– Conference report.

Findings

– This report demonstrates the importance of learning about these technologies and trends and possible implications for libraries, not only for possible library applications but also to be aware of new technologies that are being used by library user communities.

Originality/value

– The CES is the premiere event for the 200-billion dollar consumer technology industry and where new products are introduced and highlighted, some of which may have applicability to libraries and library users.
On the horizon: The 2014 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Part II
Authors: Kesselman Martin
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to present the second of a two-part series that highlights new and exciting technologies from Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2014, including a review of the TransformingEDU workshop.

Design/methodology/approach

– Conference report.

Findings

– Review of CES 2014.

Originality/value

– Original review from the editor.
Research publications to Indian Journal of Cancer: a scientometric analysis
Authors: Santhanakarthikeyan S. , Grace M. , Jeyshankar R.
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The aim of the present study is to analyze the literature growth, author productivity, authorship pattern, average length of articles and country collaboration of cancer research in India. The Indian Journal of Cancer, which shows the progress of ontological sciences in India, was established in 1963. Indian Journal of Cancer is the first and only periodical serving the needs of all the specialties of oncology in India. The journal is the official publication of the Indian Cancer Society and Indian Society of Oncology.

Design/methodology/approach

– Thirty-nine issues of the Indian Journal of Cancer, published between 2003 and 2012, have been considered for the study. The collected data were recorded in an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed to find the degree of collaboration (DC) between authors, collaboration between countries and authorship pattern. Since the journal publishes research articles, review articles, editorials, letters to the editor, symposiums, forewords, case reports and special articles, only the 244 research articles published during 2003-2012 have been taken into consideration in this study.

Findings

– The study revealed that multi-authored papers were more common and that the average length of articles was 5-6 pages. Twenty-two countries contributed papers to this journal during the study period. Additional research is needed to assess the impact of diverse dietary habits, religious practices and lifestyles on the prevention of cancer.

Originality/value

– More than 50 per cent of the world’s cancer burden, in terms of both numbers of cases and deaths, occurs in developing countries and is rising. By 2020, it is estimated that 70 per cent of all cancer cases will be in these lower-income countries, and approximately one-fifth of these will be in India, with its (still increasing) population of over a billion. While research is necessary to inform effective programs, it is also time to move beyond research to act by implementing programs in cancer prevention and treatment. Cancer is disturbing the growing economy of the country, which can be saved by proper handling of this disease.
Analysis of URL references in ETDs: a case study at the University of North Texas
Authors: Edward Phillips Mark , Gelaw Alemneh Daniel , Reyes Ayala Brenda
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– Increasingly, higher education institutions worldwide are accepting only electronic versions of their students’ theses and dissertations. These electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) frequently feature embedded URLs in body, footnote and references section of the document. Additionally the web as ETD subject appears to be on an upward trajectory as the web becomes an increasingly important part of everyday life. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

– The authors analyzed URL references in 4,335 ETDs in the UNT ETD collection. Links were extracted from the full-text documents, cleaned and canonicalized, deconstructed in the subparts of a URL and then indexed with the full-text indexer Solr. Queries to aggregate and generate overall statistics and trends were generated against the Solr index. The resulting data were analyzed for patterns and trends within a variety of groupings.

Findings

– ETDs at the University of North Texas that include URL references have increased over the past 14 years from 23 percent in 1999 to 80 percent in 2012. URLs are being included into ETDs in the majority of cases: 62 percent of the publications analyzed in this work contained URLs.

Originality/value

– This research establishes that web resources are being widely cited in UNT's ETDs and that growth in citing these resources has been observed. Further it provides a preliminary framework for technical methods appropriate for approaching analysis of similar data that may be applicable to other sets of documents or subject areas.
Introducing name authority into an ETD collection
Authors: Waugh Laura , Tarver Hannah , Edward Phillips Mark
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to develop and evaluate a workflow for establishing name authority in uncontrolled collections.

Design/methodology/approach

– The authors developed a workflow incorporating command-line tools and tested it in the electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) collection. The authors narrowed the scope of the study to born-digital ETDs in the collection and to contributor names, including chairs and committee members.

Findings

– This workflow can save staff time and allows for flexible implementation depending on staff numbers and skills as well as institutional needs.

Originality/value

– This workflow could be used by other institutions with little or no modification, as it does not rely on specialized software or extensive expertise.
The influence of contextual factors on the adoption and development of Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETD) programmes in the Arab Gulf States
Authors: Mattar Alsalmi Jamal , Li Liew Chern , Chawner Brenda
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to present the findings from research that explored the influence of contextual factors on the adoption and development of Electronic Theses and Dissertation (ETD) programmes in the Arab Gulf States.

Design/methodology/approach

– Semi-structured interviews were conducted with representatives of five groups of stakeholders with an interest in the implementation of ETD programmes. The groups were postgraduate students, academic staff, library managers, system administrators, and postgraduate officers from five Gulf States universities. In addition, an online survey was conducted with 309 participants in order to test and explore, in a larger sample, the issues identified in the interviews.

Findings

– Research participants identified three levels of factors; contextual, institutional, and personal. In addition, they highlighted that contextual factors have an influence on institutional factors. These contextual factors include misunderstanding of plagiarism, strong economy, recencey of research programmes, and younger societies. For example, due to the recencey of postgraduate programmes in the Arab Gulf States, some of the theses and dissertations are low in quality and quantity. The Arab Gulf States have strong economies and this helped to provide the necessary technological infrastructure needed for adopting ETD programmes. Since the Gulf societies are quite young they are more likely to adopt new technologies. In addition, people at these states appear to have a weak understanding of plagiarism issues and thus they have more concerns about these issues.

Originality/value

– This paper provides insights about the factors influencing the adoption and development of ETD programmes in the Arab Gulf States.
Analytical study of the ETD repositories and government initiatives for depositing ETDs in India
Authors: K. Gupta Dinesh , Gupta Neerja
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to critically analyse the Electronic Theses and Dissertation (ETD) repository creation efforts by various institutions in India and also analyse whether the guidelines issued for depositing ETDs by various government bodies in India are sufficient to implement the ETD submission nationwide.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper is the result of the analytical evaluation of the Indian digital repositories especially ETD repositories and the guidelines issued by various government bodies for acceptance of ETDs. To obtain a complete picture of the Indian ETD repositories literature review was conducted, browsed the Registry of Open Access Repositories (ROAR) and Directory of Open Access Repositories (OpenDOAR), since these do not include all the Indian ETD repositories snowball technique was followed. Many of the sites were inaccessible during the study, they are discussed either on the basis of the earlier accessed record or the available literature.

Findings

– Though in India University Grants Commission (UGC, 2005) and other government bodies have issued guidelines for ETD submission and UGC (in 2009) made it mandatory for all the universities to deposit a copy of the thesis submitted, in the National ETD repository, i.e. Shodhganga, yet the universities do not seem very serious about this issue so far. The study of the ETD repositories of most of the Indian universities and higher level institutions reveals that most of them are busy with the government-funded projects of retro-conversion of the PhD theses piled up in their libraries and have not taken sufficient steps for accepting the current ETD and ETD creating facilities for the researchers.

Practical implications

– The Indian universities may expedite the process of accepting the current ETDs and plan training and workshops for the researchers, faculty, theses evaluators and librarians to make them aware about their respective responsibilities.

Social implications

– The Indian researches will be accessible globally resulting in the acceptability and implementation of the research findings for the society and will help in avoiding duplication of research, which means judicial utilization of the public funds, as mostly the research in India is funded by the government.

Originality/value

– The literature survey about the ETDs in Indian libraries revealed that almost every article describes the availability of the ETDs and define the ETDs decoratively. All the existing repositories are not exhaustive and contain only retro theses, which neither anybody has tried to evaluate nor stressed on the need of starting accepting the current ETDs. This paper analyses the available collections in ETD repositories and policy provisions for ETD acceptance and also tries to identify the unclear issue before the Indian universities regarding accepting current ETDs.
Possibilities of networked electronic theses in Japan
Authors: Shuto Makoto , Manaka Takayuki , Nakayama Satoshi , Uchijima Hideki
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate/explore the possibilities of nationwide networked electronic theses in Japan.

Design/methodology/approach

– The main points of the revised degree regulations, the activities of related organizations corresponding to the revised degree regulations, and the future direction of networked electronic theses which can be realized due to the network of institutional repositories are described and explained.

Findings

– In Japan, following the revision of the degree regulations, nationwide electronic thesis networks will be formed, which are rarely observed in other countries, and an infrastructure will be constructed, by which institutional repositories in Japan can be harvested by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations. A well-established community of institutional repositories has enabled this achievement to take place.

Originality/value

– Very few national laws and regulations oblige a person who has been conferred a doctorate to publicize the thesis through the internet. There are only a few countries where the standard for metadata was established and metadata harvesting using the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting is being performed, providing one-stop services through portal sites. Therefore, this case study on the possibilities of nationwide networked electronic theses attributable to policies and the innovations of the repository network in Japan can provide useful information not only for persons in charge of digitizing dissertations but also for those concerned about open access generally.
Decrease in free computer science papers found through Google Scholar
Authors: A. Pedersen Lee , Arendt Julie
Published: June 2014

Purpose

– Informally computer scientists reported they could access free copies of research papers they needed via tools such as Google Scholar. To ascertain whether this perception came from widespread free access or from unnoticed employer-paid access, the purpose of this paper was to locate computer science papers and determine what proportion was freely available using Google Scholar.

Design/methodology/approach

– A sample of 1,967 conference papers and periodical papers from 2003 to 2010, indexed in the ACM Guide to Computing Literature, was searched for manually in Google Scholar, using the paper or article title and the first author's surname and supplementary searches as needed.

Findings

– Free full-text versions were found for 52 per cent of the conference papers and 55 per cent of the periodical papers. Documents with older publication dates were more likely to be freely accessible than newer documents, with free versions found for 71 per cent of items published in 2003 and 43 per cent of items published in 2010.

Research limitations/implications

– Results were limited to the retrieval of known computer science publications via Google Scholar. Future research could examine whether the decline found in this study is specific to Google Scholar or reflects a decrease in the free sharing of research by computer scientists.

Originality/value

– Previous research for computer science found lower levels of free access than this research determined, but the decline found in this study runs contrary to increases that have been found. This research confirms many computer science papers are available for free but also that subscription holdings are necessary for complete coverage of papers in the field.
The Institutional Roots of Incremental Ideational Change: The IMF and Capital Controls after the Global Financial Crisis
Authors: Moschella Manuela
Published: June 2014

Research Highlights and Abstract

This article

Contributes to the literature on ideational change by bringing to the surface an incremental ideational dynamic after major crises that differs from the well-known punctuated dynamic; Explains the incremental dynamic of ideational change after a major crisis based on the flexibility of the institutional environment in which actors operate. Specifically, rather than preventing change until an explosion of radical change occurs, institutional frictions may also allow for successive adjustments over time; Illustrates the theoretical arguments by examining the changes that have taken place in the IMF's thinking on capital controls since the start of the 2008 crisis; Traces one of the most debated developments in the post-crisis international political economy, namely the rehabilitation of capital controls.

Although much scholarly attention has been devoted to examining the punctuated dynamics of ideational change, other dynamics exist. Ideational change may well occur incrementally in ordinary times or, as this study shows, can also materialise after a major shock, such as a financial and economic crisis. By examining the IMF's new approach to capital controls in the aftermath of the global financial crisis, the article demonstrates that the non-punctuated nature of ideational change can be explained in light of the enabling (and not solely constraining) features of the institutional context in which actors operate. Rather than preventing change until an explosion of radical change occurs, institutional frictions may also allow for successive adjustments over time. They may in fact allow for a gradual release of pressure, thereby preventing the impending explosion.
Autonomy, special offers and routines: a Q methodological study of industry‐driven marketing influences on young people's drinking behaviour
Authors: Scott Stephanie , Baker Rachel , Shucksmith Janet , Kaner Eileen
Published: June 2014

Aim

To identify shared patterns of views in young people relating to the influence of industry‐driven alcohol marketing (price, promotion, product and place of purchase/consumption) on their reported drinking behaviour.

Design

Q methodology harnessed qualitative and quantitative data to generate distinct clusters of opinions as follows: 39 opinion statements were derived from earlier in‐depth qualitative interviews with 31 young people; by‐person factor analysis was carried out on 28 participants' (six previous interviewees and 22 new recruits) rank orderings of these statements (most‐to‐least agreement); interpretation of the factor arrays was aided by 10–15‐minute debriefing interviews held immediately following each Q‐sort.

Setting

Northeast England

Participants

Young people aged 14–17 years purposively recruited from high schools, higher education colleges, youth centres and youth offending teams.

Findings

Centroid factor extraction and varimax rotation of factors generated three distinct accounts: factor one (‘autonomous, sophisticated consumers’) illustrated a self‐defined sense of individuality and autonomy in alcohol choices; factor two (‘price‐driven consumers’) appeared price‐led, choosing to drink what was most accessible or cheapest; and factor three (‘context‐focused consumers’) described drinking practices where products were chosen to serve specific functions such as being easy to carry while dancing.

Conclusions

Considering young people's views on alcohol marketing, different perspectives can be identified. These include perceived imperviousness to maketing, responsiveness to price and affordability and responsiveness to marketing focusing on youth lifestyles.
A Potential Pathogenic Factor from Mycoplasma hominis is a TLR2‐Dependent, Macrophage‐Activating, P50‐Related Adhesin
Authors: Hasebe Akira , Mu Hong‐Hua , Cole Barry C.
Published: June 2014

Problem

Mycoplasma hominis has been implicated in many inflammatory conditions of the human urogenital tract in particular amniotic infections that lead to fetal and neonatal disease and pre‐term labor. The mechanisms responsible are poorly defined.

Method of Study

Biochemical and immunological methods were used to extract, purify, and characterize an inflammatory component present in M. hominis.

Results

We isolated and purified to homogeneity a 40‐kDa bioactive lipoprotein from M. hominis that was a potent TLR2‐dependent, CD14‐independent activator of the human THP‐1 macrophage cell line. Homology searches of the N‐terminal sequence revealed that 22 of the first 23 residues were identical to those seen for the phase‐variable M. hominis p50 adhesin. The truncated P50t lipoprotein importantly retained its adhesive properties for human macrophages.

Conclusion

The unique adhesin/macrophage activator may play a key role in M. hominis infections by triggering an inflammatory cytokine cascade.
The Absolute Speed of Change: Multidimensional Scaling and Innovation Rates
Authors: Hinz M. , Müller J.
Published: June 2014

The evaluation of societal developments depends on a clear determination of the rate of change that occurs within societies. While many statistical approaches are able to indicate similarity/dissimilarity distances between archaeological assemblages, only a few can be linked to linear timescales. In the following approach, the advantages of non‐metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) are described as a method that produces gradients for a quantitative measurement of cultural change on a linear timescale. Thus, the speed of innovations or the regression of cultural developments could be quantified. In consequence, a quantified proxy of societal developments on a linear timescale is provided. In two examples, the usefulness of such a proxy is described in relation to other data.
Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (‘pestivirus’) in Australia: to control or not to control?
Authors: Lanyon SR , Reichel MP
Published: June 2014

Background

Acute infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) usually causes only mild clinical disease in cattle, but infection of animals of breeding age can result in immune suppression (resulting in an increased incidence and severity of secondary disease) and decreased reproductive performance. If infection occurs during pregnancy, the virus may cross the placenta and either cause abortion, establish immunotolerance and persistent infection (PI) in the fetus or cause congenital deformities. These outcomes depend on the stage of pregnancy at the time of infection.

International perspective

BVDV is recognised as a disease of significant financial impact in a number of countries. As a result, national and regional BVDV control programs are now in place in several regions around the world. In Europe, these programs largely rely on the identification and removal of the PI animals, whereas vaccination has tended to be the chosen method of control in the United States.

BVD in Australia

BVDV is endemic in Australian cattle populations, with more than 80% of herds surveyed showing some level of exposure to the pathogen. The cost to the national industry is estimated to be AUD57.9 million annually. This review identifies and discusses the challenges to BVDV control in Australia, including farmer attitudes, herd size, sheep as a potential reservoir host and diagnostic capabilities. We conclude that systematic BVDV control in Australia is, or soon will be, an option; however, detailed cost–benefit analyses will need to be undertaken.
Transfer of scientific knowledge to practitioners: Do we need a reform of the journal policy?
Authors: Chytrý Milan , Chiarucci Alessandro , Pillar Valério D. , Pärtel Meelis
Published: June 2014

Milberg (2014, Applied Vegetation Science, this issue) argues that scientific journals do not adequately respond to the practical needs of vegetation management. To bridge the gap between scientists and practitioners, he proposes a reform of applied vegetation research and of the journal Applied Vegetation Science. As the Chief Editors, we agree that it is vital to make the results of our studies accessible to decision‐makers and managers, but this cannot be at the expense of scientific research, or its publication. International scientific journals are source of theoretical foundations for applications, therefore they cannot be transformed to primarily solve practical issues while giving up their focus on understanding processes.
Banaji, Shakuntala & Buckingham, David (2013) The civic webMIT Press (Cambridge MA & London) isbn 978‐0‐262‐01964‐4 185 pp £20.95 https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/civic‐web
Authors: Deeson Eric
Published: June 2014

With the sub‐title “Young people, the internet, and civic participation”, The civic web recognises that youngsters are now well along the path to fully and seamlessly integrated offline and online lives. How can we ensure these young people become and remain fully engaged in their wider society and worlds now and throughout their lifetimes? It applies to teachers insofar as “digital media are part of the taken‐for‐granted social and cultural fabric of learning, play, and social communication”. There is some relevance to formal learning technology here, but the recommendation is that you borrow a copy for thought‐provoking “spare‐time” reading.

Eric Deeson
Progress and prospects for engineered T cell therapies
Authors: Qasim Waseem , Thrasher Adrian J.
Published: June 2014

Proof‐of‐concept studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of engineered T cells. Transfer of recombinant antigen‐specific T cell receptors (TCR) and chimaeric antigen receptors (CARs) against tumour and viral antigens are under investigation by multiple approaches, including viral‐ and nonviral‐mediated gene transfer into both autologous and allogeneic T cell populations. There have been notable successes recently using viral vector‐mediated transfer of CARs specific for B cell antigens, but also reports of anticipated and unanticipated complications in these and other studies. We review progress in this promising area of cellular therapy, and consider developments in antigen receptor therapies including the application of emerging gene‐editing technologies.
Staying Engaged: Knowledge and Research Needs in Student Engagement
Authors: Wang Ming‐Te , Degol Jessica
Published: June 2014

In this article, we review knowledge about student engagement and look ahead to the future of study in this area. We begin by describing how researchers in the field define and study student engagement. In particular, we describe the levels, contexts, and dimensions that constitute the measurement of engagement, summarize the contexts that shape engagement and the outcomes that result from it, and articulate person‐centered approaches for analyzing engagement. We conclude by addressing limitations to the research and providing recommendations for study. Specifically, we point to the importance of incorporating more work on how learning‐related emotions, personality characteristics, prior learning experiences, shared values across contexts, and engagement in nonacademic activities influence individual differences in student engagement. We also stress the need to improve our understanding of the nuances involved in developing engagement over time by incorporating more extensive longitudinal analyses, intervention trials, research on affective neuroscience, and interactions among levels and dimensions of engagement.
Informal Kinship‐Based Fostering Around the World: Anthropological Findings
Authors: Leinaweaver Jessaca
Published: June 2014

Anthropological research around the world has documented informal, kinship‐based foster care cross‐culturally. In this article, I review some of the anthropological findings about the positive and negative characteristics of such arrangements. Research suggests that children are more likely to benefit from informal kinship‐based fostering in cultural contexts where fostering expands the pool of relatives rather than substituting one parent for another, fostering is expected to provide children with positive opportunities for learning and development, or children are granted some autonomy or decision‐making power. However, informal kinship‐based fostering seems to place children at risk in cultural contexts where the process of children's attachment to caregivers resembles the Western model of child development, communities are highly stratified along socioeconomic lines, or exploiting children is permitted. I conclude the article by discussing implications for policy and research.