bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of a protocol of Pilates exercises on the contractility of the pelvic floor muscles of non-institutionalized elderly persons
Authors: Souza Ligia Muniz de , Pegorare Ana Beatriz Gomes de Souza , Christofoletti Gustavo , Barbosa Suzi Rosa Miziara
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: To investigate the influence of a protocol of Pilates exercises on the functionality and contractility of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) of older women living in the city of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Method: Ten women (median age of 63.4±4.5 years) with little or no pelvic floor dysfunction were subjected to 24 sessions of Pilates exercises lasting one hour each, for 12 weeks. The pressure of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) was assessed using a perineometer (cmH20) and contractility was assessed with the PERFECT scheme. Data were described as median ± interquartile range and inferential analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon paired test, with a significance level of 5%. Results: In view of the proposed treatment, the degree of voluntary contraction of the PFM of the participants increased from 79.0±83.5 to 90.0±82.0 cmH20, with a statistically significant difference in paired comparison (p=0.012). According to the PERFECT scheme, there was an increase in contraction time (from 5.0±0.1 to 7.0±4.7 seconds) and in the number of fast repetitions (from 7.0±4.5 to 8.0±4.7), with a statistically significant difference for both variables (p=0.017 and p=0.008, respectively). Conclusion: The results indicate that the Pilates method increased the contractility and pressure of the PFM of elderly women with little or no PFM impairment. Further studies are required to determine whether the Pilates method is an effective method for the treatment of women with severe pelvic floor dysfunction.
Instruments for evaluating financial management capacity among the elderly: an integrative literature review
Authors: Marroni Sabine Possa , Radaelli Graciane , Silva Filho Irenio Gomes da , Portuguez Mirna Wetters
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: To identify tools available in literature for assessing the financial management capacity of elderly persons with and without cognitive deficit or impairment. Methods: An integrative literature review was performed. Scientific publications indexed in the PubMed, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), Psychology Index and Cochrane Library databases by November 2015 were evaluated. Results: Of the 609 articles obtained from the databases, 29 were considered eligible for this review, and involved 11 instruments for the evaluation of financial management capacity, the most cited of which was the Financial Capacity Instrument (FCI). Conclusion: There are several scales and instruments available which are used to investigate both daily and instrumental activities of daily living, which allow the independence and effective functioning of the elderly on a day to day basis to be verified. Non-Brazilian literature also describes specific instruments for the assessment of financial management capacity. However, no references to a specific scale that evaluates this construct and which has been validated and adapted for the Brazilian population were identified.
Socioeconomic, regional and demographic factors related to population ageing
Authors: Melo Laércio Almeida de , Ferreira Lidiane Maria de Brito Macedo , Santos Marquiony Marques dos , Lima Kenio Costa de
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: the present study aims to investigate the association between population ageing in municipal regions in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, and socioeconomic, demographic and regional factors. Method: an ecological study that used municipal regions of the state of Rio Grande do Norte as a unit of analysis was carried out. Data collection was conducted through databases from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, the Institute of Applied Economic Research and the Atlas of Human Development. The factor of Increased Age was created based on factor analysis, which was related to socioeconomic, demographic and regional variables. The chi-squared test with a significance level of 5% was used in addition to the Hosmer and Lemeshow technique for logistic regression. Result: it was found that municipal regions in the Central mesoregion have an older/ageing population, while those with intermediate populations have the oldest individuals. Furthermore, it was found that municipal regions with unequal income distribution and higher levels of education have an older population. Conclusion: it can be concluded that municipal regions classified as older/more aged were associated with the mesoregion to which the municipal region belongs; and those with intermediate population size were associated with favorable educational levels and unequal income distribution.
Factors associated with polypharmacy among elderly people receiving care under the family health strategy
Authors: Costa Geraldo Marques da , Oliveira Maria Liz Cunha de , Novaes Maria Rita Carvalho Garbi
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: to identify the medication profile, the prevalence of polypharmacy and associated factors among elderly people receiving care from Family Health Strategy teams. Method: an analytical, document-based, cross-sectional survey with a quantitative approach was conducted in Brazlândia in the Distrito Federal, Brazil, with a sample of 211 elderly people enrolled in and receiving care from one of the local Family Health Strategy teams. Data were submitted to bivariate analysis and multiple analysis through logistic regression. Results: a considerable number of the elderly (62, 29.4%) were undergoing polypharmacy. The majority (56, 26.5%) used three different classes of drug, with antihypertensive drugs the most used. Diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular complications and the use of antihypertensive drugs were factors associated with polypharmacy. Conclusion: polypharmacy is a worrying reality and demands a new approach on the part of professionals, as this important aspect of geriatrics should be carefully evaluated to avoid harm and iatrogeny among the elderly.
Prevalence of and factors associated with benzodiazepine use in community-resident elderly persons
Authors: Alvim Mariana Macedo , Cruz Danielle Teles da , Vieira Marcel de Toledo , Bastos Ronaldo Rocha , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: to assess the prevalence of and factors associated with the use of benzodiazepines in elderly persons living in the community. Method: a cross-sectional study was conducted through a household survey of 423 elderly persons from Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. To analyze the factors associated with the outcome, the Poisson regression model was used, based on the theoretical model of determination with hierarchical blocks. The variables were adjusted within each block, with those with a 5% significance level remaining in the final model. Result: The prevalence of benzodiazepine use was 18.3% (95% CI 15.2 to 21.6). Most benzodiazepines used had a long-elimination half-life (59.2%) and use was considered long in 85.5% of users. Among benzodiazepine users 38.4% also used antidepressants. The use of these drugs was associated with the presence of self-reported mental and behavioral disorders, polypharmacy and medical visits in the last three months. Conclusion: The use of benzodiazepines was considered high among the elderly. The reduction in the prescription of these drugs should be assessed individually, considering the physiological alterations of the elderly and the adverse effects of drugs, in order to minimize incorrect prescriptions.
Timed Up and Go test as a sarcopenia screening tool in home-dwelling elderly persons
Authors: Filippin Lidiane Isabel , Miraglia Fernanda , Teixeira Vivian Nunes de Oliveira , Boniatti Márcio Manozzo
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the performance of the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) as a screening tool for sarcopenia in elderly persons living in a city in the south of Brazil. Method: A cross-sectional, home-based study was conducted with 322 elderly persons. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on the criteria proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EGWSOP). A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to assess the discriminatory power of the TUG on sarcopenia screening. Results: With a cutoff point of 7.5 seconds, the test had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.66 (CI 0.56-0.76; p=0.002) and adequate sensitivity and negative predictive values (88.9% and 93.2%, respectively). Conclusion: Due to its ease of use and rapid execution, in addition to its low cost, this test is useful for the screening of sarcopenia, especially among elderly persons with good physical and cognitive abilities. The early identification of individuals with probable sarcopenia may allow for preventive or directive interventions for the management of this geriatric syndrome.
Readiness for oral feeding and oral motor function in preterm infants
Authors: Yamamoto Raquel Coube de Carvalho , Prade Leila Sauer , Bolzan Geovana de Paula , Weinmann Angela Regina Maciel , Keske-Soares Márcia
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: this study aimed at investigating the Schedule Oral Motor Assessment (SOMA) tool to be used with preterm infants and to compare its results with the Preterm Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale (POFRAS) to start oral feeding. Methods: a cross-sectional and quantitative study, consisting in a sample of 45 healthy and clinically stable preterm infants, assessed at their first oral feeding with two tools: the Schedule Oral Motor Assessment and Preterm Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale. Stata 10.0 software was used for data analysis. Results: 10 preterm infants with readiness for oral feeding showed normal oral motor function, and 16, presented with oral motor dysfunction, did not show readiness for feeding (p <0.05). The time of transition for full oral feeding was 13.5 (± 8.1) days for preterm infants with better results in both assessment tools, and 17.7 (± 10.9) days for those who did not show readiness for oral feeding and had oral motor dysfunction to initiate oral feeding, resulting in a given clinical relevance, even showing no significance (p> 0.05). Conclusion: these results suggest that the Schedule Oral Motor Assessment can be an adjunctive method for evaluation of the oral motor function at the first oral feeding in preterm infants.
Hospital cognitive screening of patients with no related complaints
Authors: Silva Kelly da , Chaves Maria Edna Almeida , Zuanetti Patrícia Aparecida , Dornelas Rodrigo , Guedes-Granzotti Raphaela Barroso
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Purposes: to characterize the cognitive performance hospitalized adults and elderly patients with no complaints, check the effect of education and age and correlate the results. Methods: cognitive screening was carried out by the Mini Mental State Examination (MEM) and the Verbal Fluency Test, semantics (FVS) and phonological (FVF) in 25 adults and elderly with no cognitive changes complaints admitted in an internal medicine ward. For statistical analyses, the one-way Anova, followed by post hoc Tukey, the bivariate Person correlation and the nonparametric Fisher’s tests were used. Results: a high frequency of cognitive impairment and a moderate correlation among the three tests applied were verified. The educational factor influenced the results of the MEM, the FVF and FVS tests, while the age factor significantly influenced the evidence of MEM and FVS. Conclusion: the data demonstrated that cognitive screening in hospitalized patients without related complaints is important, and that age and education are paramount factors in cognitive performance.
Cerebral palsy dysphagia: a systematic review
Authors: Menezes Edênia da Cunha , Santos Flávia Aparecida Hora , Alves Flávia Lôbo
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Cerebral palsy (CP) encompasses a group of definitive and non-progressive conditions, with a non-progressive character and its installation in neonatal period. Motor disorders caused by CP may lead to changes in swallowing, resulting in limitations in the activities that are attributed to non-progressive disorders that do not reach the developing child's brain. This article reviews the clinical aspects of dysphagia in CP and the treatments in the area. Only papers published in the period from 2009 to 2017 were considered, using a methodological strategy for electronic search in the databases SciELO-Brazil, Lilacs and Medline/Pubmed. The present research analyzed 24 articles, regarding the year of publication, sample and instruments used, verifying that Speech Therapists and other staff involved in the improvement and rehabilitation of cognitive functions have provided better rehabilitation conditions, despite the need for more therapy and diagnostic studies.
Knowledge of parents regarding newborn screening test, after accessing the website “Babies’ Portal” - Heel prick test
Authors: Mendes Caroline Antonelli , Guigen Amanda Perantoni , Anastácio-Pessan Fernanda da Luz , Dutka Jeniffer de Cássia Rillo , Lamônica Dionísia Aparecida Cusin
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: to assess the knowledge of mothers about the heel prick test, develop contents on this test to make it available on the "Babies’ Portal" website, evaluate and validate the informative material developed. Methods: this study was conducted in three stages, that is, the first stage which is about a descriptive study involving 105 mothers of newborn children before performing the neonatal screening "Heel Prick Test", the second one consisting in the development of the website "Babies’ Portal", and the third stage, the evaluation and validation of this material carried out by 20 parents of children between zero and 36 months old, who underwent the neonatal screening Heel Prick Test by accessing the website “Babies’ Portal”. Results: although the interviewed mothers knew that their children had the right to be tested, they showed no knowledge of the diseases that can be prevented, time of diagnosis, nor the consequences arising from the lack of early diagnosis and treatment. The website creation and validation gathered basic information about the Heel Prick Test, and the participants regarded the content from satisfactory to excellent. Conclusion: it is necessary that families know not only about the procedures their children will undergo, but also the reason they are performed and the consequences of failing in doing so.
Court Caseload Management: The Role of Judges and Administrative Assistants
Authors: Gomes Adalmir Oliveira , Guimaraes Tomas Aquino , Akutsu Luiz
Published: September 2017

Abstract Court caseload management is of key importance for guaranteeing the adjudication of cases and depends on how judges and administrative assistants deal with their workload. Results from several studies indicate that an increase in court caseload tends to generate an increase in the judge’s production. However, some authors argue that this relationship is far more complex. To develop a fuller understanding of this relationship we tested an array of direct and moderating hypotheses. We used secondary data from 566 judges working in first trial courts in the State Justice System of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The results indicate a direct and positive relationship between court caseload and judge production, but the strength of this relationship depends on court specialty. The findings also indicate that the number of administrative assistants, judge experience and the number of places a judge works all moderate the caseload-production relationship. The results contribute to the development of strategies to address the delays and congestion of courts, two of the main Brazilian Judiciary problems.
Fatores Determinantes da Aprendizagem Organizacional para a Inovação Ambiental: Um Estudo Multicaso
Authors: Jacomossi Rafael Ricardo , Demajorovic Jacques
Published: September 2017

Resumo Conforme as questões ambientais orientam as ações das empresas por meio de sua agenda de inovação, a aprendizagem organizacional surge como importante elemento de análise. Sugere-se que as noções de aprendizagem organizacional e aprendizagem para a sustentabilidade devam convergir, estabelecendo-se como antecedentes do próprio processo de inovação ambiental e denotando, a partir deste ponto, um novo campo de análise - o da Aprendizagem Organizacional para a Inovação Ambiental. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar os indutores que determinam a aprendizagem organizacional para a inovação ambiental. Para tanto, foi elaborado um modelo conceitual de análise que foi aplicado por meio de um estudo multicaso em três empresas. Das diversas variáveis analisadas, a regulação, o papel do empreendedor, o trabalho de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento (P&D) em redes e a existência de um processo de gestão ambiental se mostraram influentes para a consolidação do processo de aprendizagem. Infere-se que as influências das variáveis do processo de aprendizagem organizacional para a inovação ambiental diferem quanto à intensidade em função do modelo de negócio adotado, do grau de autonomia dos gerentes, do tipo de educação ambiental recebido pelos funcionários, do ambiente cultural e do perfil do empreendedor.
Inventário de Suporte Organizacional à Aprendizagem: Desenvolvimento e Evidências de Validação
Authors: Correia-Lima Bruno Chaves , Loiola Elisabeth , Pereira Cícero Roberto , Gondim Sônia Maria Guedes
Published: September 2017

Resumo Desenvolveu-se, testou-se e validou-se um inventário (ISOA) composto pela Escala de Suportes Organizacionais à Aquisição de Competências (ESOAC) e pela Escala de Suportes Organizacionais à Transferência para o Trabalho (ESOTT). Subdivididos em material e psicossocial, suportes correspondem ao apoio organizacional para a aprendizagem individual. A partir de revisão de escalas de suportes nacionais e internacionais, elaborou-se o inventário, submetendo-o à validação de seu conteúdo (análise de juízes e pré-testes). Para a validação de construto foram aplicadas análises fatoriais exploratórias (Estudo 1) e confirmatórias (Estudo 2) a resultados coletados em um banco público e em uma Organização Não Governamental, respectivamente. O Estudo 1 permitiu propor escalas com parâmetros adequados de validade e confiabilidade para medir os constructos. O Estudo 2 confirma, por Análises Fatoriais Confirmatórias, a adequação das escalas. Contribui-se para a literatura sobre aprendizagem nas organizações na medida em que são apresentados instrumentos com evidências de validade e confiabilidade dos suportes à aprendizagem e à transferência, diferenciados porque relacionam os suportes recebidos a experiências específicas (não genéricas) e interrelacionadas de aprendizagem (aquisição/retenção) e a transferências dessas aprendizagens para o trabalho.
Guide to deliver the elements of the Clinical Caritas Process
Authors: Tonin Luana , Nascimento Jaqueline Dias do , Lacerda Maria Ribeiro , Favero Luciane , Gomes Ingrid Meireles , Denipote Adelita Gonzalez Martinez
Published: September 2017

Abstract Objective: To introduce a guide to apply the elements of the Clinical Caritas Process. Methods: It is a study introducing a guide developed to identify the necessary caring actions, aiming to provide transpersonal care. It was designed from a bibliographic review and discussion with peers, who apply the theory underpinning the present study. Results: The instrument features a layout with ten lines and two columns, decoding each structural component in its enunciation with its respective care manifestations. Additionally, it showed to be a facilitator for the use of the Human Caring Theory. Conclusion: It is believed that the guide can be reproduced in order to direct the practice of transpersonal care in different settings of Brazilian nursing. Moreover, it can also be used to teach this theory.
Análise ultrassonográfica quantitativa do movimento da língua em 14 fonemas do Português Brasileiro
Authors: Silva Lídia Maurício da , Vassoler Aline Mara de Oliveira , Marino Viviane Cristina de Castro , Berti Larissa Cristina
Published: September 2017

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o padrão ultrassonográfico do movimento de língua em 14 fonemas consonantais do Português Brasileiro (doravante PB), buscando identificar e descrever que parâmetros ultrassonográficos poderiam apreender a diferença de modo e ponto de articulação entre esses fonemas. Método Foram selecionados 20 indivíduos com produção típica de fala, de 20 a 30 anos, de ambos os gêneros. Os estímulos selecionados contemplaram os 14 fonemas consonantais linguais do PB no contexto da vogal [a]. Os dados foram coletados e analisados com o uso do ultrassom e dos softwares AAA (Articulate Assistant Advanced) e Ultra-CATS (The Ultrasonographic Contour Analyzer for Tongue Surfaces). Três índices ultrassonográficos (US) foram utilizados para análise de dados: índice de anterioridade (IA), média global (MG) e índice de anterioridade relativa (IAR). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados A ANOVA mostrou efeito significante para os índices IAR e MG, sendo que o IAR diferenciou os fonemas quanto ao ponto (alveolar, pré-palatal, palatal e velar) e modo de articulação (fricativa, nasal e oclusiva) e o MG diferenciou os fonemas somente quanto ao ponto de articulação (alveolar, pré-palatal e velar). Conclusão Não houve um único índice US que pudesse diferenciar todos os pontos e modos de articulação simultaneamente. A aplicação clínica para análise das alterações da produção da fala requer o uso de pelo menos dois índices ultrassonográficos: um para distinguir ponto e outro para distinguir o modo de articulação.
Clima de grupo na terapia vocal de pacientes com Doença de Parkinson
Authors: Diaféria Giovana , Madazio Glaucya , Pacheco Claudia , Takaki Patricia Barbarini , Behlau Mara
Published: September 2017

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar impacto de estratégias de coaching e de dinâmica dos grupos na voz, fala, comunicação e clima do grupo de pacientes com DP. Método Participaram 16 indivíduos com disartria leve a moderada por DP, divididos em: GC (8 pacientes), terapia tradicional (12 sessões mais 4 de reforço), e GE (8 pacientes), terapia tradicional (12 sessões) acrescida de 4 sessões de estratégias de coaching de dinâmica dos grupos. Foi aplicado questionário Vivendo com Disartria - VcD, além de autoavaliação da voz, fala e comunicação e análise perceptivo-auditiva da voz, nos momentos: pré-terapia, pós-terapia tradicional (pós 1) e pós-reforço/estratégias de coaching (pós 2); no pós 1 e 2 foi aplicado o Questionário Clima de Grupo - QCG. Resultados GC e GE apresentaram melhores escores do VcD, comparando pré com pós 1 e pós 2. A autoavaliação da voz foi melhor no GE, comparando pré com pós 2 e pós 1 com pós 2, de regular para muito boa; ambos apresentaram melhora na autoavaliação da comunicação. A análise perceptivo-auditiva foi diferente entre os grupos no pós 1, com vozes melhores no GE. Sem diferença em QCG; contudo, GE apresentou menor evitação no pós 2. Conclusão Pacientes apresentaram melhor autoavaliação da voz, fala e comunicação nas duas modalidades de terapia; GE mostrou redução na evitação, tornando o ambiente mais colaborativo e propício para a terapia fonoaudiológica.
INFLUENCE OF GLYPHOSATE ON SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT RYEGRASS POPULATIONS TO HERBICIDE
Authors: PICOLI JR G.J. , CARBONARI C.A. , MATOS A.K.A. , RODRIGUES L.F.O.S. , VELINI E.D.
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT In Brazil, ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) has been identified as resistant to glyphosate, becoming a major problem, especially in crops cultivated in the winter season. This herbicide can indirectly affect photosynthesis by inhibiting biosynthesis of many compounds. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of glyphosate on the physiological profile of susceptible and resistant ryegrass populations to the herbicide. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments (720 and 1,080 g e.a. ha-1) and four replications plus control with no treatment. Two ryegrass populations were sown, one susceptible and another one resistant to glyphosate. After the treatments, evaluations were carried out at 1, 3, 7 and 28 days after application (DAA). Variables analyzed were: CO2 net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, CO2 internal concentration, transpiration, water use efficiency and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. The glyphosate herbicide caused irreversible damage in a susceptible population which at 28 DAA in all variables analyzed this population was already dead and it was impossible to analyze it, but it was shown that the effects of this herbicide were intensified from the third day after application. In the case of the resistant population, at 3 DAA in all variables, it suffered significant effects comparing to the control, showing that even with a high level of resistance the herbicide can affect its metabolism.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NATURAL HERBICIDAL COMPOUND FROM Drechslera rostrata
Authors: AKBAR M. , IQBAL M.S. , KHALIL T.
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT In agriculture, weeds have inevitable importance because of reducing the crop growth and also affecting food quality. Although, synthetic herbicides are available to combat these weeds but during recent years there is a trend of using ecofriendly herbicides extracted from natural resources. Present investigation is a continuity of the research, which reported a natural herbicidal compound named as Ophiobolin A from a fungus, Drechslera rostrata. The fungus was incubated in a growth medium of known composition (minimal medium) up to 28 days and its metabolites were extracted with organic solvents. The compound showing bioactivity was purified with the help of Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RPHPLC) and identified with the help of Spectroscopic techniques viz. Mass Spectroscopy (MS) (LRESIMS and HRESIMS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR). The purified compound caused death of superficial leaf cells of Chenopodium album, a noxious weed of wheat. Present investigation concludes that the identified compound could be used as structural analogue alternative to synthetic herbicides to synthesize natural herbicides.
ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF A BRASSICACEOUS WEED Sisymbrium irio AGAINST Macrophomina phaseolina
Authors: JAVAID A. , AFZAL L. , SHOAIB A.
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Macrophomina phaseolina, a soil-borne plant pathogen, has the ability to cause diseases in about 500 plant species. Unfortunately, so far no registered fungicide is available against this fungal pathogen. In the present study, different extracts of Sisymbrium irio, a weed of family Brassicaceae, were tested for evaluation of their antifungal activity against M. phaseolina. In screening bioassays, antifungal activity of methanolic extracts of 1% to 6% concentrations of different parts (leaf, stem, root and fruit) of the weed was assessed against the fungal pathogen. Methanolic leaf and root extracts significantly reduced fungal biomass up to 59% and 69% over control, respectively. Methanolic leaf and root extracts were further partitioned using four organic solvents namely n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol in order of increasing polarity. Antifungal activity of different concentrations of these fractions (3.125, 6.25, …, 200 mg mL-1) was assessed against the pathogen. Chloroform and n-hexane fractions of methanolic leaf extract showed highly pronounced activity resulting in 35-75% and 15-87% reduction in fungal biomass over corresponding control treatments, respectively. Likewise, the highest concentration (200 mg mL-1) of chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of methanolic root extract reduced fungal biomass by 75%, 70% and 87%, respectively. The present study concludes that chloroform and n-butanol fractions of methanolic leaf and root extracts of S. irio, respectively, contain potent antifungal constituents for management of M. phaseolina.
EFFECT OF BIOPOWER APPLICATION ON WEED GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE
Authors: SANA N. , BAJWA R. , JAVAID A. , SHOAIB A.
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Biopower is a commercial rice biofertilizer comprised of various associative nitrogen fixers. In this present study, a field trial was carried out to assess the effects of Biopower application on the growth of some rice weeds and yield of rice (Oryza sativa). Four common rice weeds namely Cyperus rotundus, Echinochloa colonum, Marsilea minuta, Paspalum paspaloides, and mixed weeds were sown in 1:1 weed crop ratio in soil amended with i) ½ dose of N (nitrogen) + recommended doses of PK (phosphorus, potassium) fertilizers, ii) recommended doses of NPK fertilizers, and iii) farmyard manure (FYM) + ¼NPK fertilizers, with and without Biopower application. Biopower application variably reduced weed biomass in different soil amendment systems. The effect of Biopower on weed biomass was most pronounced in NPK, followed by FYM amendment, resulting in up to 50% and 36% reduction in weed biomass, respectively. Biopower application enhanced shoot N content of rice in all the treatments. The effect of Biopower application on shoot N content was most pronounced in ½N-PK and least in NPK applied plots. The four weeds planted with rice reduced rice grain yield by 12-75% in different soil amendments. Biopower application enhanced grain yield in rice, in weed free control, and in different weeds infested plots by 38-90% in ½N-PK, 6-13% in NPK and 12-150% in FYM applied plots. The present study has come to the conclusion that adverse effect of weeds on grain yield of rice can be managed by the application of Biopower in combination with either ½N-PK or FYM amendment.
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF ROSE WOOD, GUAVA, EUCALYPTUS, SACRED FIG AND JAMAN LEAF LITTER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT ( Triticum aestivum L.) IN A WHEAT-BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
Authors: IQBAL J. , RAUF H.A. , SHAH A.N. , SHAHZAD B. , Bukhari M.A
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT Selection of tree species under agroforestry systems is crucial to sustain the productivity of a crop. In present study, allelopathic effects of the leaf litters of 5 trees named Rose wood (Dalbergia sissoo), Guava (Pisidium guajava), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), Sacred fig (Ficus religiosa) and Jaman (Syzygium cumini) species on wheat growth and yield was examined. Leaf litter of each tress species was mixed in soil with two doses @ 100 and 200 g of leaves of each species per pot. Higher shoot length, shoot dry weight, number of spikelets per spike and biological yield were recorded in 200 g sun dried Jaman (Syzygium cumini) leaves. Total number of tillers per plant and number of ears per plant were higher under the application of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves (200 g sun dried) as compared to other treatments. Spike length, grain yield per pot, number of grains per pot and harvest index were maximum in 200 g sun-dried Sacred fig (Ficu sreligiosa) leaves. Majority of the parameters were promoted at lower doses of leaves per pot, however, at higher doses they started inhibiting the growth and grain yield of wheat.
Compreensões de reConstrução: sobre a noção de CrítiCa reConstrutiva em habermas e Celikates
Authors: Repa Luiz
Published: September 2017

Resumo: O artigo pretende desenvolver a categoria de reconstrução, em dois momentos distintos da obra de Habermas: primeiro, em Conhecimento e interesse, e, depois, em Teoria da ação comunicativa. Para isso, recorre-se à tipologia das compreensões de reconstrução proposta por Robin Celikates. Pretende-se mostrar que a essa tipologia faltam elementos importantes que permitem primeiramente identificar pontos comuns entres aqueles projetos reconstrutivos, e, depois, sustentar que a segunda compreensão de reconstrução não implica, como quer Celikates, uma separação entre teoria e crítica.
Aproximações entre Nietzsche e Adorno acerca da massificação da cultura e da vida administrada
Authors: Fianco Francisco
Published: September 2017

Resumo: Pretendemos pensar as relações entre arte e sociedade, tendo sempre em mente a tensão irredutível entre a autonomia e a heteronomia de uma em relação a outra. Para tanto, traçaremos uma análise dos argumentos principais a respeito dessa relação dialética, em dois momentos distintos da reflexão filosófica sobre o tema. Em um primeiro momento, traremos a defesa de uma certa autonomia da arte com referência não apenas à sociedade que a produz, como também aos valores morais que são ensinados através dela, com as reflexões e, sobretudo, com as críticas de Nietzsche sobre suas interpretações da tragédia clássica, a partir principalmente de O Nascimento da Tragédia, para, em um segundo momento, poder traçar um paralelo dessa argumentação com a constatação de Adorno a respeito da instrumentalização e da comercialização da arte, no contexto contemporâneo, expondo algumas das críticas de Nietzsche realizadas no séc. XIX sobre as produções culturais gregas do séc. IV a. C. e contextualizando-as em relação aos fenômenos estéticos contemporâneos.
Filosofar enquanto cuidado de si mesmo: um exercício espiritual ético-político
Authors: Rohden Luiz , Kussler Leonardo Marques
Published: September 2017

Resumo: O texto que tecemos e aqui apresentamos constitui, em síntese, uma resposta à provocante pergunta de Platão o que é cuidar de si? As respostas que oferecemos consistem em traços da nossa proposta de compreensão de filosofia que se efetiva enquanto um exercício espiritual, que, por sua vez, sustenta a hipótese do filosofar enquanto um modo de viver. Para tanto, da filosofia grega, explicitaremos o exercício do cultivo de si corporificado em Sócrates e, por parte da filosofia oriental, analisaremos o personagem Musashi. Ambos personificam a opção por um estilo de vida filosófica e modo de ser - o primeiro, pelas veredas do diálogo, o segundo, pela vivência - e assinalam a necessidade da evolução espiritual da alma, mediante vida contemplativa. Consequentemente, além de explorar a enorme proximidade entre uma linha filosófica grega e a tradição oriental, fundamentaremos o solo comum do pensamento enquanto exercício ético.
O caráter histórico-social do conhecimento no pensamento de marx
Authors: Bordin Reginaldo Aliçandro
Published: September 2017

Resumo: Este texto tem por objetivo discutir a teoria do conhecimento em Marx e em Engels, além de pontuar os estudos que realizaram sobre a ciência. Esses pensadores do século XIX não se destacaram por elaborar reflexões filosóficas sobre o tema, tal como os modernos fizeram; para compreender o momento histórico deles, caracterizado pela produção capitalista, as preocupações orientavam-se para revisar as filosofias idealistas, considerando-as ideológicas e insuficientes para pensar o que entendiam por realidade material, social. Em contraposição, elaboraram um novo pressuposto teórico pelo qual procuravam explicitar a articulação entre as forças produtivas, concebendo-as como base sob as quais se engendram as relações sociais e as ideias a elas correspondentes, bem como as lutas históricas travadas no interior da mesma sociedade. Compreenderam que o conhecimento e a ciência estão articulados com as bases materiais da produção e que cabe a eles explicar as relações. Esse modo de entender a sociedade de seu tempo mostra-se original, o que justifica estudos que tendem a buscar neles referências teóricas para explicitar as contradições atuais.
Políticas docentes e qualidade da educação: uma revisão da literatura e indicações de política
Authors: Bauer Adriana , Cassettari Nathalia , Oliveira Romualdo Portela de
Published: September 2017

Resumo O presente artigo discute os aportes do debate acadêmico sobre quatro dimensões relacionadas às políticas docentes no Brasil: atratividade, formação, retenção e avaliação. A partir de revisão de trabalhos que tratam dessas dimensões, muitas vezes isoladamente, objetiva-se destacar os principais problemas a serem equacionados pelas políticas públicas direcionadas aos professores visando à melhoria da qualidade da educação. Para isso, o trabalho divide-se em seis partes: uma introdução, na qual se apresenta a importância da questão docente e os desafios que ela impõe às políticas públicas, e quatro seções, nas quais são analisadas a atratividade, a formação, a retenção e a avaliação de docentes, respectivamente. Ao final sintetizam-se os principais desafios colocados à superação dos problemas destacados.
Gestión del tiempo en alumnado universitario con diferentes niveles de rendimiento académico
Authors: Umerenkova Angélica Garzón , Flores Javier Gil
Published: September 2017

Resumen En este trabajo se estudia la relación entre gestión del tiempo y rendimiento académico en el alumnado universitario. La hipótesis de partida es que los estudiantes con alto nivel de habilidades en gestión del tiempo obtienen mejores resultados de aprendizaje. Se ha utilizado una muestra de 494 estudiantes universitarios de primer año, en dos universidades colombianas. A esta muestra se administró una adaptación al español del Time Management Behavior Questionnaire (TMBQ), y se recogieron datos sobre las calificaciones académicas en su primer año en la universidad. De manera complementaria, se han celebrado cuatro grupos focales con alumnado de bajo y alto nivel de rendimiento, accediendo a sus experiencias, opiniones y valoraciones en relación con la gestión del tiempo. Los resultados obtenidos indican la existencia de una cierta relación positiva entre las dos variables analizadas, en línea con los hallazgos de estudios previos. Al comparar la gestión del tiempo entre subgrupos de estudiantes que alcanzan las mejores y peores calificaciones, se observan diferencias a favor de los primeros, particularmente en la sub-escala relativa a sus percepciones sobre el control del tiempo. Los discursos de grupo reflejan también mejores conductas autorregulatorias en el manejo del tiempo por parte del alumnado de alto nivel de rendimiento. De acuerdo con estos resultados, se hacen recomendaciones sobre el entrenamiento del alumnado universitario de primer año en estrategias para la gestión del tiempo.
Aproximaciones a la deserción universitaria en Chile
Authors: Carvajal Rosa Arancibia , Cervantes Carmen Trigueros
Published: September 2017

Resumen La educación universitaria vespertina, en Chile, ha presentado en los últimos años, un acentuado crecimiento en su matrícula. Sin embargo, la interrupción de los estudios de quienes estudian en este horario de 19 a 23 horas (vespertino) ha sobrepasado la cifra promedio de deserción del sistema universitario chileno. Estos estudiantes se caracterizan por combinar responsabilidades familiares, laborales y académicas, presentando mayores niveles de deserción que los estudiantes que ingresan a la modalidad universitaria diurna, debido a las particularidades y situaciones que les rodean. En este contexto, esta investigación se propuso indagar sobre los factores que intervienen en las decisiones de abandono de los estudiantes universitarios con características no tradicionales, que asisten a programas de estudios vespertinos. Metodológicamente se optó por un diseño de investigación cualitativo de tipo exploratorio debido a la escasa investigación en la temática en el país. Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a diez estudiantes desertores vespertinos. Una vez sistematizada la información, se obtuvo cuatro dimensiones emergentes de análisis, que sintetizaron las lógicas y significados que intervienen en el fenómeno que afecta a este grupo específico. Los hallazgos sobre la decisión de abandono de los estudiantes vespertinos de características no tradicionales dan cuenta de los siguientes factores, según relevancia, condiciones y características personales, capital y desempeño académico, imprevistos y circunstancias adversas y experiencias con la oferta institucional.
Evasão na pós-graduação a distância: evidências de um estudo no interior do Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Pedro Rodrigues de , Oesterreich Silvia Aparecida , Almeida Vera Luci de
Published: September 2017

Resumo O rápido desenvolvimento e disseminação das tecnologias de informação nas últimas décadas permitiu uma grande expansão na oferta de cursos de graduação e pós- -graduação na modalidade a distância. Contudo, essa disseminação foi acompanhada por elevadas taxas de evasão, consistentemente reportadas em diferentes cursos e em diferentes países. Essa também é a realidade da educação a distância no Brasil: uma grande expansão, inclusive com a criação da Universidade Aberta do Brasil, porém com elevadas taxas de insucesso. Este estudo avaliou a evasão e suas causas em um curso de pós-graduação lato sensu do Programa Nacional de Formação em Administração Pública (PNAP), que visa formar gestores públicos no interior do Brasil. A elevada taxa de insucesso nesses cursos causa um entrave para que se atinjam os objetivos do programa, pois impede a formação de mão de obra justamente onde ela é mais necessária. Este artigo investiga os principais fatores que levam a esse fenômeno, por meio de análise documental e coleta de dados de alunos da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, via survey. Após a coleta, feita por meio da aplicação de questionários e entrevistas, procedeu-se a uma análise estatística dos dados que revelou um perfil de aluno da pós-graduação condizente com o reportado na literatura e propício à evasão. Verifica-se que, dado esse perfil de aluno, são necessárias algumas estratégias administrativas para que a evasão não seja tão elevada. As estratégias notoriamente não são suficientes para trazer a taxa de evasão a níveis aceitáveis, por outro lado, não desenvolvê-las garante sua não diminuição.
ESL Student Perceptions of VLE Effectiveness at a University in South Korea
Authors: Robinson Gary , Basco Lelanie M. , Mathews Yolanda , Dancel Ricky , Princena Maria Auria , Keever Mark James Mc
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this study is to determine students’ perception of the advantages, effects on language skills, suggestions for improvement, and limitations regarding the use of a VLE (Blackboard) and their differences according to gender, year, number of Blackboard courses taken, and computer literacy. The respondents of this study were 686 randomly selected university students enrolled in English classes at the University of Suwon in South Korea. An adapted survey questionnaire consisting of 33 items was administered to the students. The Mean was used to determine the students’ perceptions in the four areas followed by t-test and ANOVA to determine the differences in the students’ perceptions. The results showed that the students had a somewhat disagree rating in the areas of Advantages, Language, and Limitations and somewhat agree rating in the area of Suggestions. Significant differences were found in the students’ perceptions in the four areas when grouped according to gender and computer literacy; a significant difference was found in the area of Limitations when grouped according to year; and no significant differences were found according to number of Blackboard courses taken.
Comparison of incidences and indications of multi primary caesarean with primi caesarean mothers in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Sujatha Alagesan M. , Meena M.
Published: September 2017

Background: The incidences and indications of caesarean sections between the primary caesarean multies and caesarean primies were comparable in respect of their demographical and clinical variables of mothers and their foetal outcomes. Aim and objective of the study was to analyze the incidences and indications of primary caesarean multies and caesarean primies. To compare the incidences and indications of mothers between the primary caesarean multies and caesarean primies. To compare the demographic and clinical profiles of the mothers and babies.Methods: During January to June 2016 total of 3583 deliveries were conducted in Tiruneleli Medical College Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India. Among them 89 and 1168 were primary caesarean multies and caesarean primies respectively. They had been compared according to the objectives.Results: The caesarean incidences were 62.5% among the primies and 4.8% among the multies as Primary. The primary caesarean incidences among the multies were statistically significantly lesser in the 15-24 ages than the primi (P<0.05). 25-29 age bracket the incidences were not differed significantly (P>0.05). After 30 years of age, the incidences were statistically significantly increased among the multies (P<0.05). The birth weight of babies did not show any statistically significant indications between the two groups (P>0.05). The indications of Foetal distress, Severe Oligo hydration and others did not show any statistically significantly difference between the groups (P>0.05). Mal presentation and Ante Partum hemorrhage were significantly more among the multies than primies (p<0.05) and Failed indication and CPD were the significantly lesser indication than the primies (P<0.05).Conclusions: Without reducing the caesarean section rate in primi we cannot bring down the overall caesarean rate of delivery.
Clinical outcomes of ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Malik Roopa , Jain Shaveta , Duhan Nirmala , Sirohiwal Daya
Published: September 2017

Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a life threatening gynaecological emergency, and a significant cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the incidence, clinical presentation, risk factors, management strategies and outcome of the patients with EP.Methods: This was a prospective study of all cases of ectopic pregnancies admitted and managed at PGIMS Rohtak over a period of 1 year. All patients admitted through accident and emergency unit as well as the gynaecology clinic that were managed in gynaecological ward were included in the study. The diagnosis of EP was made by history, clinical examination, urinary pregnancy test and ultrasound examination. Patients were managed as per hospital protocol and relevant data on age, parity, clinical presentation, risk factors, management and findings at laparotomy, and the outcome of treatment were collected.Results: The incidence of ectopic pregnancy in this study was 1.056%. The mean age of the patients was 27±3 years. Of the 102 ectopic pregnancies, 86 (84.31%) were ruptured ectopic pregnancies, while 16 (15.68%) were unruptured ectopic pregnancies. The commonest clinical complaint was abdominal pain (97 of 102, 95.09%) History of previous abortion (induced or spontaneous) was the commonest risk factor (92 of 102, 90.19%) followed by past history of pelvic inflammatory disease (56 of 102, 54.90%). History of tubal surgery was present in 27 of 102 patients (26.47%). commonest surgical procedure done was emergency laparotomy followed by salpingectomy (67 of 102, 65.68%).Conclusions: EP is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in early pregnancy and has remained a reproductive health challenge. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve reproductive outcomes.