bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Of goddesses and women: Towards a super-empowered female hero
Authors: Kaul Vartikka
Published: August 2018

This article explores the representation of Indian female superheroes in selected Indian comic books that have been published in recent years (1998–2016). It argues that these superheroines are actively engaged in negotiating and challenging gender stereotypes and cultural formulations of the female body. Through these representations, a transgressive agency of a female superhero is being constructed in a popcultural space where idealized mythological and nationalistic framing from popular Indian comic book traditions, such as the Amar Chitra Katha comic book series, was previously the norm.
‘Lonely night watchman’s art’: Circuits of exclusion, C-grade film and hybrid aesthetics of Miss Lovely
Authors: Walia Ramna
Published: August 2018

Since the 2000s, Bombay cinema has engaged in a nostalgic re-telling of its history through the industrial practice of film remakes and retro films. We see an industrially produced nostalgia for the past that commemorates Bombay cinema history through its stars, narrative strategies, art direction, costumes and remixes of old songs and dances. Such recovery of the past elicits questions on the ‘invisible’ histories of film practices, particularly the B- and C-circuit films, produced in Mumbai. The origin and definition of these films remain ambivalent – and despite accounting for a sizeable portion of annual film productions, these films remain underground as a ‘bad object’. I focus on the slippery category of C-grade cinema and its exponential rise in Bombay. I then focus on Ashim Ahluwalia’s cinephilic engagement with the industrial story of the C-circuit in Miss Lovely (2012) and argue that the film uses a hybrid formal structure of a multiplex fringe film that fuses documentary elements with long-form fictional narrative and embodies the contestations of industrial histories of the Bombay film cultures.
A evangelização calvinista dos indígenas no Brasil holandês: o poder cristalizador da leitura
Authors: Ribas Maria Aparecida de Araújo Barreto
Published: August 2018

Esse artigo aborda a evangelização calvinista dos indígenas pelos neerlandeses no Brasil holandês (1630-1654) e a especificidade de  tal projeto que teve como característica fundamental a  alfabetização dos mesmos.
Assessing the Impact of Pronunciation Learning Strategy on Kurdish EFL Learners’ Pronunciation Accuracy
Authors: Muhammad Himdad A. , Othman Dlakhshan Y.
Published: August 2018

The study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of pronunciation learning strategies (in favor of Covert Rehearsal Model) in helping Kurdish EFL learners to acquire accuracy in English pronunciation  and  detecting the  most frequently used strategy types and strategy group by the learners.  A total of 50 Kurdish EFL students of Salahaddin University, English Department took part in the study.  The instruments used for collecting data and information included were a validated questionnaire of pronunciation learning strategies. The questionnaire items were adopted from the synthesized taxonomy of pronunciation strategies presented by O'Malley & Chamots’ (1990) and Oxford's (1990) and adapted according to Kurdish learners' need. The results indicated that the use of various pronunciation learning strategies were useful for Kurdish learners to improve their pronunciation skills and then consolidate their self-confidence to bring positive changes in students' pronunciation performance.
Okamžiky rozhodnutí
Authors: Olšovský Jiří
Published: August 2018

V určité chvíli je třeba jednat, proměnit i svůj postoj – skočit do proudu dění a snažit se ho ovlivnit. Jinak společenství může strhnout nepříznivý vír – octne se náhle nad propastí, dnes třeba nad propastí ztráty přirozeně přírodního prostředí.
Network Analysis as a Research Methodology in Science Education Research
Authors: Bruun Jesper , Evans Robert
Published: August 2018

Abstract: With three examples, we explore diff erent ways of conceptualizing networks of nodes and links as educationally relevant entities. We show how one can analyse networks as they evolve over time â the dynamics of networks â and how one can model dynamic processes on networks. We also explain how networks can have both visual and mathematical properties that make them tractable as a way of generating knowledge about relational data. We suggest how a theory that emphasizes relational aspects might be developed using networks by providing an example about social networks, where we explain the generation of the theory-like structures rules of interaction, which are meant to have explanatory power. Likewise, we make interpretations of student discussions that are shaped in part by the algorithm we use to create discussion maps as well as by the changes we make to the transcript. Th e article illustrates how in a teacher-student dialogue, the structure of the network shapes the way we comprehend and talk about discussion networks. All these are dependent on the relational character of networks and would not be the same without that perspective. In other words, the theoretical positions we develop are shaped by the nature of networks. We conclude the article by discussing three developments, which need to occur to realize the potential of using network analysis in educational research.Keywords: network analysis, dynamic, relational, methodological tool.
SITUATION OF ROMANIAN ROMA LIVING IN ENCAMPMENTS IN POLAND AND OPPORTUNITIES OF PARTICIPATION IN SPORTING ACTIVITIES THE CASE OF POZNAŃ
Authors: Czarnota Katarzyna
Published: August 2018

The phenomenon of migration and the challenges in the new hosting country have been often analysed in relation to the newcomers arriving from states outside of the European Union. However, in Poland these are the citizens of the EU who face discrimination. At the same time, despite the principles of the EU programs concerning different spheres and operations of integrative and inclusive character aimed at foreign nationals, including sport initiatives, Roma have been systematically omitted and excluded since the 1990s. This situation caused this group to be deprived of the right to work, health care, welfare and adequate housing and education. Opportunities of participating in sporting activities are very limited. In Poland, only a few non-governmental organisations and anti-racist activist initiatives attempt to cooperate with the members of this community. The first part of the article contains a broad introduction to the situation of Romanian Roma in Poland which is necessary in the light of the lack of studies on this subject within Polish sociology, and allows the reader to grasp the wider context of the discussion on the issue of access to sporting activities. Then, drawing on the research and activist experience, the author describes local sport initiatives available to Roma children living in the Poznań encampment, with emphasis on informal initiatives.
BOOK REVIEW: SPORT, LEISURE AND SOCIAL JUSTICE
Authors: Madej Kacper
Published: August 2018

Sport leisure and social justice is an important and essential book central to its theme. Editors present a collection of research analysis presented on a variety of different cases. Readers are introduced to a diversity of experiences of marginalized categories of people, theoretical approaches and contexts (e.g. physical education, musical events) that can be used in regards to inequality in this field.
Using Q methodology to investigate pre-service EFL teachers’ mindsets about teaching competences
Authors: Irie Kay , Ryan Stephen , Mercer Sarah
Published: August 2018

This paper reports on a study investigating the mindsets of 51 pre-service teachers at an Austrian university using Q methodology. Despite the recent growth in interest in the concept of mindsets, little research has addressed the mindsets of teachers – most of it focusing on the mindsets of learners – and the research that does investigate teachers tends to focus on beliefs about learning or intelligence. This study offers a new perspective by focusing on teachers’ beliefs about their own teaching competences. A further aim of the study is to expand the methodological repertoire in language education researchers. This study considers the potential of Q methodology, a research approach used widely in social sciences and education, but, as yet, rare in this field. The data indicate that the most common mindset among the pre-service teachers is one based around a strong belief in the learnability of the more technical aspects of teaching, while interpersonal skills tend to be regarded as more of a natural talent fixed within the individual. One practical implication of this finding is that teacher education programmes may need to pay more attention to explicitly developing the interpersonal side of teaching. A further finding was that teacher mindsets are constructed through individuals’ management of various sets of implicit theories and tend not to conform to the established dichotomous model of mindsets.
L2 Spanish apologies development during short-term study abroad
Authors: Hernández Todd A.
Published: August 2018

The present study examined the apologies of 18 study abroad (SA) students during a short-term SA experience in Madrid, Spain. Apologies were assessed with a discourse completion task (DCT) consisting of five vignettes that varied across three variables: relative social status of the interlocutor, relative social distance, and seriousness of the offense. Based on performance ratings assigned to them by two native Spanish speakers, the students made significant gains in pragmatic appropriateness from pretest to posttest, on two out of the five individual vignettes, and on the five combined vignettes. Examination of the students’ apologies before and after SA further revealed that they increased several strategies during their time abroad. Despite these gains, other aspects of the SA group’s performance remained the same or, in some cases, moved in the opposite direction of the target norm. Moreover, the students also demonstrated continued overreliance on routine, formulaic expressions on the posttest DCT while underusing some important target-like mitigation strategies. Given the study’s findings, the researcher offers recommendations for teaching pragmatics before and during the SA experience.
Review of Second language pronunciation assessment: Interdisciplinary perspectives; Editors: Talia Isaacs, Pavel Trofimovich; Publisher: Multilingual Matters (Second Language Acquisition series), 2017; ISBN: 9781783096848 (hbk), 9781783096831 (pbk), 9781783096855 (pdf), 978783096862 (ebuk); Pages: 273
Authors: Waniek-Klimczak Ewa
Published: August 2018

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Investigation of Antibacterial Properties of Ag Doped TiO2 Nanofibers Prepared by Electrospinning Process
Authors: Bezir Nalan Çiçek , Evcin Atilla , Diker Ramazan , Özcan Burcu , Kır Esengül , Akarca Gökhan , Çetin Emel Sesli , Kayalı Refik , Özen Mürivet Kaşıkcı
Published: August 2018

In this study, undoped and 1, 2,3, 4, and 5 wt % Ag-doped TiO2 nanofibers have been fabricated by the electrospinning method applying 20 kV voltages at 8 cm height with a flow rate 0.1 mL/h. The antibacterial properties of undoped and doped Ag/TiO2 nanofibers were tested on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The antibacterial effect of these fabricated nanofibers has been determined by disc diffusion and Baird parker methods. The results have shown that Ag/TiO2 nanofibers have an excellent antibacterial effect on this bacterium compared to pure TiO2 nanofibers. As a result, developed nanofibers can easily be applied in various fields such as biomedical sector and tissue engineering. In addition, the chemical components, morphology, and crystal structure of the nanofibers have been performed by scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive analysis (SEM-EDX), differential thermal analysis/thermal gravimetric analysis (DTA/TG), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods.
Nickel doping effect on the structural and optical properties of indium sulfide thin films by SILAR
Authors: Göde Fatma , Ünlü Serdar
Published: August 2018

Undoped and nickel doped indium sulfide (In2S3:Ni) thin films have been deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. The doping concentration of Ni has been adjusted as 4%, 5% and 6% (in molar ratio of nickel ions to indium ions). The effects of Ni doping on the structural, morphological, compositional and optical properties of the In2S3 thin films are investigated. The x-ray diffraction patterns show that deposited film has cubic structure with amorphous nature of In2S3 and its crystallinity deteriorates with increasing doping concentration. The SEM measurements show that the surface morphology of the films is affected from the Ni incorporation. The direct band gap of the films decreases from 2.33 eV to 1.61 eV with increasing Ni dopant. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) has been used to evaluate the chemical composition and shown that S/(Ni+In) ratio in films decreases from 1.18 to 0.40 with Ni content. Optical properties of the films have been performed by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The direct band gap of the films decreases from 2.33 eV to 1.61 eV with increasing Ni dopant. Moreover, optical parameters of the films such as refractive index (𝑛), extinction coefficient (k), real (ε
1) and imaginary (ε
2) parts of dielectric constant have been determined by using absorbance and transmittance spectra. The investigations showed that the Ni doping has a significant effect on the physical properties of SILAR produced In2S3 thin films.
Effect of Pin-Fin Geometry on Microchannel Performance
Authors: Jadhav Subhash V. , Pawar Prashant M. , Ronge Babruvahan P.
Published: August 2018

Purpose

A numerical analysis is carried out to study the effect of pin fin geometry on the performance of microchannel heat sinks.

Design/methodology/approach

A three-dimensional numerical analysis is carried out using the conjugate heat transfer module of COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS software. Initially, the study is carried out for a microchannel heat sink with elliptical pin fins of 500 µm fin height, and the results of the same are validated with the results obtained from the literature. Further, the effect of different pin fin shapes and pin fin heights is investigated in terms of Nusselt number and pressure drop. The analysis is carried out with different pin fin shapes viz. ellipse, circle, square and hexagon. The pin fin height for all channels is varied from 300 µm to 700 µm. The total surface area of the channel coming into contact with coolant is kept constant for different coolant inflow velocities.

Findings

Higher values of Nusselt numbers are obtained for fin pins at larger height and high coolant inlet velocities. At coolant inlet velocity of 1 m/s, as pin fin height increases from 300 µm to 700 µm, the channel with circular pin fins shows a maximum increment of 66 % and elliptical pin fins shows a minimum increment of 40 % in terms of Nusselt number. A maximum value of Nusselt number observed is 21.36 with square pin fins of 700 µm fin height and a minimum of 6.03 Nusselt number with circular fins of 300 µm fin height.

OriginalityOriginality/Value

This study is useful in appropriate selection of pin fin geometry for enhancing the performance of microchannel heat sink.
Approximation by Max-Product Operators
Authors: Anastassiou George A.
Published: August 2018

Here we study the approximation of functions by a great variety of Max-Product operators under differentiability. These are positive sublinear operators. Our study is based on our general results about positive sublinear operators. We produce Jackson type inequalities under initial conditions. So our approach is quantitative by producing inequalities with their right hand sides involving the modulus of continuity of a high order derivative of the function under approximation. We improve known related results which do not use smoothness of functions..
Some New Hermite-Hadamard Type Inequalities Via k-Fractional Integrals Concerning Differentiable Generalized Relative Semi-(r;m,p,q,h1,h2)-Preinvex Mappings
Authors: Kashuri Artion , Liko Rozana
Published: August 2018

In this article, we first presented a new identity concerning differentiable mappings defined on m-invex set via k-fractional integrals. By using the notion of generalized relative semi-(r;m,p,q,h1,h2)-preinvexity and the obtained identity as an auxiliary result, some new estimates with respect to Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities via k-fractional integrals are established. It is pointed out that some new special cases can be deduced from main results of the article.
Pointwise Convergence of Fourier-Laguerre Series of Integrable Functions
Authors: Łenski Włodzimierz , Szal Bogdan
Published: August 2018

We extend and improve the some results of Xh. Z. Krasniqi [Int. J. of Anal. and Appl. Vol. 1, 33-39 (2013)], M. L. Mittal and M. V. Singh [Operators, Int. J. of Analysis, Vol. 2015, Article ID 478345, 4 pages] and from many other papers on summability of Fourier-Laguerre series to strong summability proving the estimate of the deviation of the partial sums from considered functions. There also is a remark on summability methods used in cited papers.
Opial and Pólya Type Inequalities Via Convexity
Authors: Saker S. H. , Abdou D. M. , Kubiaczyk I.
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we prove some new dynamic inequalities related to Opial and Pólya type inequalities on a time scale 𝕋. We will derive the integral and discrete inequalities of Pólya’s type as special cases and also derive several classical integral inequalities of Opial’s type that has been obtained in the literature as special cases. The main results will be proved by using the chain rule, Hölder’s inequality and Jensen’s inequality, Taylor formula on time scales.
The Option Value of Innovative Treatments for Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Thornton Snider Julia , Seabury Seth , Tebeka Mahlet Gizaw , Wu Yanyu , Batt Katharine
Published: August 2018

Background

Treatment options in oncology have increased in recent years due to the quick pace of innovation. In the cancer care landscape, therapies that enable patients to live to the next innovation have additional value, “option value,” from the benefit of surviving to the next innovation. In such disease areas, providers and payers should consider this value when gauging the value of new therapies. The purpose of this study is to develop a model to estimate the additional survival patients attain from a therapy that allows them to live to benefit from further advances in care, and to apply the model to immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma.

Methods

The benefit of a therapy extends beyond immediate tumor control; it can also allow patients to live to benefit from further advances in care. This is a therapy’s option value. Using data from the SEER cancer registry and clinical trial publications, we developed a model to estimate option value and applied it to ipilimumab, the first immune checkpoint modulator used to treat metastatic melanoma. Because ipilimumab extends survival, select patients benefited from survival extension to live to benefit from the introduction of PD-1 inhibitors (i.e. pembrolizumab and nivolumab). We calculated the option value of ipilimumab in terms of additional life-months patients gained by living to become potential candidates for PD-1 inhibitors, discounting at 3% per year.

Results

Patients taking ipilimumab as a second-line therapy for metastatic melanoma gained 10.5 months compared to patients taking the prior standard of care. Patients diagnosed in 2011, 2012, and 2013 gained an additional 1.6, 2.8, and 5.1 months of life expectancy, respectively, by living to see the introduction of PD-1 inhibitors. This equates to an option value of 15%, 27%, and 49%, respectively, of the conventionally calculated survival gain from ipilimumab. Ipilimumab had greater option value for patients diagnosed in later years who were more likely to live to the introduction of PD-1 inhibitors.

Conclusions

Therapies that enable patients to see further advances in care have option value. Option value is particularly important to patients with disease areas undergoing rapid innovation.
The Value of the Health and Retirement Study for Health Economics Research
Authors: Coile Courtney C. , Maestas Nicole
Published: August 2018

We assess the value of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) for research in health economics by conducting a survey of leading health economists. We analyze the survey responses to provide an assessment of the strengths of the HRS for this kind of research, as well as the obstacles that prevent it from being used more widely. We offer some suggestions as to how these obstacles might be overcome through changes to the survey and actions to increase survey awareness and access.
Typological variation across Mandarin dialects: An areal perspective with a quantitative approach
Authors: Szeto Pui Yiu , Ansaldo Umberto , Matthews Stephen
Published: August 2018

This study explores the range and diversity of the typological features of Mandarin, the largest dialect group within the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan family. Feeding the typological data of 42 Sinitic varieties into the phylogenetic program NeighborNet, we obtained network diagrams suggesting a north-south divide in the Mandarin dialect group, where dialects within the Amdo Sprachbund cluster at one end and those in the Far Southern area cluster at the other end, highlighting the impact of language contact on the typological profiles of various Mandarin dialects.
Stabilization and Analytic Approximate Solutions of an Optimal Control Problem
Authors: Pop Camelia , Petrişor Camelia , Ene Remus-Daniel
Published: August 2018

This paper analyses a dynamical system derived from a left-invariant, drift-free optimal control problem on the Lie group SO(3) × ℝ3 × ℝ3 in deep connection with the important role of the Lie groups in tackling the various problems occurring in physics, mathematics, engineering and economic areas [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. The stability results for the initial dynamics were inconclusive for a lot of equilibrium points (see [6]), so a linear control has been considered in order to stabilize the dynamics. The analytic approximate solutions of the resulting nonlinear system are established and a comparison with the numerical results obtained via the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is achieved.
New prediction method for transient productivity of fractured five-spot patterns in low permeability reservoirs at high water cut stages
Authors: Cui Chuanzhi , Wu Zhongwei , Wang Zhen , Yang Jingwei , Sui Yingfei
Published: August 2018

Predicting the productivity of fractured five-spot patterns in low permeability reservoirs at high water cut stages has an important significance for the development and optimization of reservoirs. Taking the reservoir heterogeneity and uneven distribution of the remaining oil into consideration, a novel method for predicting the transient productivity of fractured five-spot patterns in low permeability reservoirs at high water cut stages is proposed by using element analysis, the flow tube integration method, and the mass conservation principle. This new method is validated by comparing with actual production data from the field and the results of a numerical simulation. Also, the effects of related parameters on transient productivity are analyzed. The results show that increasing fracture length, pressure difference and reservoir permeability correspond to an increasing productivity. The research provides theoretical support for the development and optimization of fractured five-spot patterns at the high water cut stage.
Microblog topic evolution computing based on LDA algorithm
Authors: Jian Feng , Yajiao Wang , Yuanyuan Ding
Published: August 2018

Research on topic evolution of Microblog is an effective way to analyze network public opinions. This paper proposes a method for mining changing of Microblog topics with time, and realizes topic evolution through topic extraction and topic relevance calculation. Firstly, latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model is used to automatically extract topics from different time slices; secondly, a similarity calculation algorithm is designed to calculate relevance of topic content through normalization of similarities among characteristic words and co-occurrence relations, to get evolutionary relationship among sub-topics of different time slices; thirdly, using probability distribution of blog article-topic to calculate topic intensity in each time slice, and then gets evolutionary relationship of topic intensity over time. Experiments show that the proposed topic evolution analysis model can effectively detect the evolution of topic content and intensity of real blogs.
On the bivariate spectral quasi-linearization method for solving the two-dimensional Bratu problem
Authors: Muzara Hillary , Shateyi Stanford , Tendayi Marewo Gerald
Published: August 2018

In this paper, a bivariate spectral quasi-linearization method is used to solve the highly non-linear two dimensional Bratu problem. The two dimensional Bratu problem is also solved using the Chebyshev spectral collocation method which uses Kronecker tensor products. The bivariate spectral quasi-linearization method and Chebyshev spectral collocation method solutions converge to the lower branch solution. The results obtained using the bivariate spectral quasi-linearization method were compared with results from finite differences method, the weighted residual method and the homotopy analysis method in literature. Tables and graphs generated to present the results obtained show a close agreement with known results from literature.
Short-term Recognition of Timbre Sequences
Authors: Siedenburg Kai , McAdams Stephen
Published: August 2018

The goal of the current study was to explore outstanding questions in the field of timbre perception and cognition—specifically, whether memory for timbre is better in trained musicians or in nonmusicians, whether short-term timbre recognition is invariant to pitch differences, and whether timbre dissimilarity influences timbre recognition performance. Four experiments examined short-term recognition of musical timbre using a serial recognition task in which listeners indicated whether the orders of the timbres of two subsequently presented sound sequences were identical or not. Experiment 1 revealed significant effects of sequence length on recognition accuracy and an interaction of music training and pitch variability: musicians performed better for variable-pitch sequences, but did not differ from nonmusicians with constant-pitch sequences. Experiment 2 yielded a significant effect of pitch variability for musicians when pitch patterns varied between standard and comparison sequences. Experiment 3 high-lighted the impact of the timbral dissimilarity of swapped sounds and indicated a recency effect in timbre recognition. Experiment 4 confirmed the importance of the dissimilarity of the swap, but did not yield any pertinent role of timbral heterogeneity of the sequence. Further analyses confirmed the strong correlation of the timbral dissimilarity of swapped sounds with response behavior, accounting for around 90% of the variance in response choices across all four experiments. These results extend findings regarding the impact of music training and pitch variability from the literature on timbre perception to the domain of short-term memory and demonstrate the mnemonic importance of timbre similarity relations among sounds in sequences. The role of the factors of music training, pitch variability, and timbral similarity in music listening is discussed.
Tendency Towards the Average? The Aesthetic Evaluation of a Quantitatively Average Music Performance
Authors: Wolf Anna , Kopiez Reinhard , Platz Friedrich , Lin Hsin-Rui , Mütze Hanna
Published: August 2018

The present study has investigated the minimal-distance hypothesis in music (Langlois & Roggman, 1990; Repp, 1997) by replicating Repp's original study (1997) on the aesthetic quality of an averaged performance—compared to individual interpretations—of Robert Schumann's Träumerei (Op. 15, No. 7). Participants (N = 205) came from Germany and Taiwan and made up a convenience sample representing different degrees of musical sophistication. We used a 2 × 4 mixed methods design that compared the country of data collection (between factor) and the four selected interpretations (within factor). The dependent variable was a unidimensional construct describing the musical quality, which was developed with an exploratory factor analysis followed by a probabilistic item analysis. It was found that the evaluation of Taiwanese and German participants did not differ, but the ratings for the various interpretations successfully replicated Repp's results: The average performance was rated better than the individual performances, and the lowest rated performance from the original study was rated lowest in this replication as well (large effect size). The confirmation of this central effect in music perception research might be an incentive for further replication studies in music psychology.
Perfil e distribuição espacial da sífilis congênita em Sobral-CE no período de 2007 a 2013
Authors: Rodrigues Ilana Marques , Ribeiro Marcos Aguiar , Albuquerque Izabelle Mont’Alverne Napoleão , Dias Lívia Karla Sales , Aguiar Nara Luana Trajano , Lima Danyella Dos Santos
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: Analisar a distribuição espacial da sífilis congênita no Sistema Municipal de Saúde de Sobral/CE, utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento.Materiais e Métodos: Estudo de abordagem quantitativa do tipo epidemiológico ecológico-transversal com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, sobre sífilis congênita no período de 2007 a 2013. Para o processamento das informações foi utilizado o software EpiInfo® que possibilitou as tabulações e mapeamento dos dados coletados cuja análise se deu por meio de medidas de frequências.Resultados: Evidencia-se um considerável aumento do percentual dos casos de sífilis congênita no período do estudo apesar da crescente cobertura do Pré-Natal. No que se refere a distribuição espacial, comprova-se por meio dos mapas que nas regiões onde as condições socioeconômicas da população são desfavoráveis ocorrem aglomerados de casos de sífilis congênita. Estas regiões estão localizadas predominantemente nas periferias da cidade.Conclusão: A partir do estudo revelam-se alguns pontos frágeis da assistência e prevenção da sífilis, tais como a investigação inadequada dos casos de sífilis na gravidez, o tratamento inadequado da gestante e a não realização do tratamento do parceiro. Assim, o geoprocessamento da sífilis congênita é uma ferramenta tecnológica relevante, pois contribui para a prevenção, vigilância e controle da mesma, de forma que possibilita análise dos determinantes envolvidos no processo saúde-doença.
Condições socioecológicas familiares nos primeiros dois anos de vida de crianças quilombolas no Pará: um estudo de base populacional
Authors: Guimarães Raissa Cecília Rosalino , Silva Hilton Pereira da , Ramos Edson Marcos Leal Soares
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa analisou a situação de crescimento de crianças de 22 comunidades remanescentes de quilombos em diversos ecossistemas do Estado do Pará e a relação com as condições socioecológicas familiares.Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal, com amostra obtida por conveniência e demanda espontânea, constituída por crianças entre 0 e 24 meses de idade, de ambos os sexos, e seus pais ou responsáveis. Para análise utilizou-se medidas antropométricas das crianças e entrevistas semiestruturadas sobre aspectos socioeconômicos, hábitos de vida e saneamento ambiental com cada chefe de família. Os índices Peso-para-Idade, Estatura-para-Idade e Índice de Massa Corporal-para-Idade foram os descritores do estado nutricional das crianças. Para este estudo foram considerados como variáveis dependentes os dados antropométricos e como variáveis independentes os fatores socioecológicos, analisados por meio do teste de Qui quadrado e Análise de Correspondência.Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 110 crianças e 87 adultos. O estudo mostrou que as comunidades investigadas não possuem formas adequadas de destinação do esgoto e das fezes, e a água utilizada nos domicílios é majoritariamente proveniente de poços abertos, evidenciando precária infraestrutura, dificuldade de acesso à água potável e saneamento ambiental inexistente. A análise antropométrica demonstra ocorrência considerável de indivíduos com baixo peso (6,8%) e déficit estatural (23,4%), ao mesmo tempo em que se identifica excesso de peso em algumas crianças (11,1%).Conclusão: Os dados mostram uma precária infraestrutura familiar e um processo de transição nutricional precoce entre os quilombolas, e reforçam a importância da realização de pesquisas com delineamento transdisciplinar.
How the humanities shape medical culture: Knowing Wegener and other Nazi eponyms
Authors: Liao Lester , Rumsey Dax Gerard
Published: August 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. While the medical humanities have experienced a renaissance, they are still largely a peripheral component of medical education. This is troublesome because the humanities include a number of disciplines that are foundational in understanding medicine and how it should be practiced. Nonetheless, current medical culture makes it difficult to fully incorporate the humanities into curriculum. We therefore propose an incremental approach to shaping the medical culture that can easily be incorporated into daily teaching as opposed to designing additional classes and resources that must be added to existing educational structures. An example of this approach is reviewed here through teaching historical and ethical lessons surrounding Nazi eponyms. The use of names like Wegener provide brief opportunities for sidebars during clinical lectures to remind learners that empirical data do not provide ethical direction and that our medical history has included atrocities that remind us to practice conscientiously. We provide other examples that can be included in daily learning. This approach eschews the burdens associated with large curricular changes, such as student resistance/apathy and logistical barriers, and can be easily implemented. It also enables change to be gradual and through structures that have already been established, allowing learners to see the benefits of insights from the humanities in small, digestible segments. Through this approach, medical culture can be shaped towards a greater appreciation toward the medical humanities.
Twelve tips for teaching twelve transferable skills
Authors: Watson Helen R , Burr Steven
Published: August 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. There is an increasing awareness of the importance of transferable skills. With the internet now allowing almost instant access to information, the recall of factual knowledge no longer has the primacy it has held for centuries. In contrast, transferable skills remain particularly important for medical students because they receive a generic education in preparation for a diverse range of careers. The twelve tips in this article are more relevant for certain skills than others. Transferable skills should be taught in context and students should be made aware of how the skills will play a part in their future. Learning outcomes must be made clear to both staff and students, and without clear assessment of transferable skills students are likely to focus exclusively on knowledge. Students and staff should proactively engage with transferable skills training, rather than taking a purely remedial approach.
Realistic modelling of irregular slabs under extreme loading
Authors: Grosman Stanyslav , Izzuddin Bassam A.
Published: August 2018

This paper presents a new triangular flat shell element for reinforced concrete slabs of complex planar configuration subjected to extreme loading. The element is developed within a co-rotational framework, and it incorporates the effects of geometric as well as material non-linearities. To improve the approximation of the solution, additional hierarchic parameters are introduced within the local system of the element. The element formulation allows for composite action between different layers under the assumption of perfect bond between the slab concrete material, the reinforcement layers and the steel deck for composite slabs. To account for floor slabs of irregular geometric configurations, due allowance is made for uniaxial reinforcement to be oriented arbitrarily within the slab plane. The paper briefly describes the element formulation followed by several numerical verification examples. The applicability of the element to modelling concrete slabs is demonstrated using several validation studies against existing experimental results. The versatility of the element is further exemplified with a realistic large-scale floor slab model subjected to extreme loading scenarios. It is shown that the developed element provides a good balance between accuracy and efficiency in the modelling of irregular floor slabs subject to extreme loading conditions.
Хроматографические и экстракционные свойства ацетонитрила и его смесей с водой
Authors: Rudakov О. B. , Selemenev V. F. , Rudakova L. V. , Podolina E. A.
Published: August 2018

В обзоре рассмотрены хроматографические и экстракционные свойства ацетонитрила и его смесей с водой. Обсуждено влияние состава смесей ацетонитрил – вода на такие свойства как плотность, вязкость, коэффициент проницаемости, показатель преломления, оптическая плотность, температура кипения. Рассмотрено применение обобщенного критерия полярности ацетонитрила в оценке элюирующей способности подвижных фаз на основе смесей ацетонитрила с водой. Показаны преимущества и проблемы применения ацетонитрила как модификатора подвижной фазы в обращенно-фазовой ВЭЖХ и как гидрофильного экстрагента в жидкостно-жидкостной экстракции.
His10-MBP-Cas9 purification v1
Authors: Lapinaite Audrey
Published: August 2018

This is a protocol from theDoudna Labfor His10-MBP-Cas9 purification.
Protocol for in vitro transcription of DNA oligos by T7 polymerase v3
Authors: Lapinaite Audrey
Published: August 2018

This is a protocol forin vitrotranscription of DNA oligos by T7 polymerase from the Doudna Lab.
Yoga as a Complementary Therapy for Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Design and Rationale of the Healthy, Active, and in Control (HA1C) Study
Authors: Thind Herpreet , Fava Joseph L. , Guthrie Kate M. , Stroud Laura , Gopalakrishnan Geetha , Sillice Marie , Gidron Naama , Bock Beth C.
Published: August 2018

Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. For most patients, medication alone is not sufficient to achieve glycemic control; attention must also be paid to multiple healthy behaviors including diet, regular physical activity, and stress management. Yoga, a mindfulness practice with emphasis on relaxation, meditation, and deep breathing, may have special relevance to people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Yoga practice may positively affect stress and other self-care tasks that will contribute to improved glycemic control. The Healthy, Active, and in Control (HA1C) study is designed to examine the feasibility and acceptability of yoga among adult patients with T2DM. In this pilot randomized controlled trial, adults with T2DM were randomly assigned to either a 12-week Iyengar Yoga intervention given twice weekly, or a twice-weekly 12-week program of traditional exercise (e.g., walking, stationary cycling). Assessments are conducted at the end of treatment (12 weeks) and at 3 and 6 months postintervention. The HA1C study will assess feasibility and acceptability (e.g., attendance/retention rates, satisfaction with program), glycemic outcomes (e.g., HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose), and changes in physiological (e.g., salivary cortisol) and behavioral factors (e.g., physical activity, diet) relevant to the management of T2DM. Focus groups are conducted at the end of the intervention to explore participants' experience with the program and their perception of the potential utility of yoga for diabetes management.
Association of hyperuricemia and renal involvement in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Deori Rumi , Kotokey Ratan Kumar , Bhuyan Bedanta , Baruah Swarnali Devi
Published: August 2018

Background: Hyperuricemia maybe an independent risk factor for renal dysfunction in diabetic patients. On the other hand, albuminuria is considered as an indicator for early stages of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of our study was to find out any association between hyperuricemia and simple renal function tests to detect early renal involvement in type 2 diabetes mellitus for its early treatment and prevention for diabetic nephropathy.Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in 265 patients coming to medicine OPD and IPD in a tertiary care hospital in Assam, India. The subjects included were patients complaining of signs and symptoms of gout with or without Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The subjects were divided into two groups A and B, with and without type 2 diabetes respectively. They were selected randomly under the age group of 20 - 70 years old of both genders. Tests performed were serum uric acid, serum creatinine, blood urea, microalbuminuria, FBS and HbA1c estimated by standard methods.Results: In both diabetic and non-diabetic group, serum uric acid correlated positively and significantly with serum creatinine (>1.3mg/dl), blood urea (>40mg/dl) and microalbuminuria (p<0.05). Though serum uric acid did not correlate with HbA1c and FBS (p>0.05) in both the group. In non-diabetics, males were 6.95 times likely to have hyperuricemia than females.Conclusions: Hyperuricemia may be associated with early onset or incipient nephropathy in both diabetes and non- diabetic patient.
Quality of nursing work life among staff nurses in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry
Authors: Venkataraman Surendran , Anbazhagan Suguna , Anbazhagan Surekha
Published: August 2018

Background: Quality of nursing work life (QNWL) is degree to which nurses can satisfy important personal needs through their experiences in work organization, while achieving the organization's goals, to make meaningful contributions to their organization. Objectives of the study were to assess the quality of nursing work life among staff nurses in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry and to study the influence of socio-demographic factors on the QNWL of these staff nurses.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry between January and June 2017. Based on universal sampling, all 429 nurses with more than one-year work experience were selected for the study. After obtaining Ethical approval from the institution and informed consent from the study participants, data on socio-demographic characteristics, work-related information and QNWL were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Double data entry was done in Epidata entry client (v4.2.0) and analysed using STATA (v14) software.Results: Among the nurses, 90% were females and 60% were from rural background. The study revealed that there was a moderate QNWL score reported among majority (60%) of staff nurses. Bivariate analysis showed higher the age, female gender, absence of dependent individuals at home, higher income, more work experience, having only a diploma degree, working in OPDs and no nightshifts were the significant factors contributing to higher QNWL scores (p<0.05).Conclusions: The study identified factors that influence the nurses’ work life quality which can be used for developing and appropriately implementing successful induction programs to improve the QNWL.
TRABALHO COMO PRINCÍPIO EDUCATIVO: REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DE TRABALHO DE ALUNOS DO IFRO
Authors: Pereira de Andrade Josefa Aparecida , Pereira Tatiane Alves , Azevedo Rosa Oliveira Marins
Published: August 2018

Este estudo objetivou conhecer as representações sociais sobre trabalho de alunos de dois campi do Instituto Federal de Educação de Rondônia - IFRO: Ji-Paraná (curso de Licenciatura em Química) e Colorado Oeste (curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas). Configura-se como descritivo e está embasado teoricamente pelas representações sociais. Os dados foram coletados a partir da aplicação de questionário e os resultados e informações foram apresentadas no texto com a seguinte organização: duas sessões, na primeira foi feita uma sucinta abordagem do trabalho e sua relação com a Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, tendo como base a concepção do Trabalho como princípio Educativo e uma breve discussão sobre formação para mercado de trabalho X mundo do trabalho; na segunda são apresentadas as representações sociais dos alunos participantes da pesquisa. Os resultados mostraram que, para a maioria dos alunos, a função principal do trabalho é garantir a subsistência, considerando-o como um meio de se obter retorno financeiro e relacionando-o à aquisição de bens materiais. Destacou-se, embora de maneira menos expressiva a função que dois alunos deram para o trabalho: promover inclusão social. Pudemos conhecer as representações sociais de trabalho de alunos do IFRO, compreendendo que estas, são construídas de acordo com as experiências, interações e vivências que cada um tem ao longo da vida.
FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE PARA AS ESCOLAS CIDADÃS DA PARAÍBA: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO PROGRAMA GIRA MUNDO FINLÂNDIA
Authors: Cotrim Guimarães Iza Manuella Aires , D'Andrea Alexandre Fonseca , Ouverney King Jamylle Rebouças
Published: August 2018

O Programa Gira Mundo Finlândia (GMF) é uma iniciativa do Governo da Paraíba, por meio da Secretaria de Estado da Educação, e tem como objetivo a capacitação de servidores efetivos da Rede Estadual de Ensino em Universidades de Ciências Aplicadas da Finlândia. Com um período de imersão entre quatro a oito semanas na Finlândia, professores e gestores visitaram escolas, organizações e vivenciaram o sistema educacional finlandês. No retorno à Paraíba, desenvolveram um projeto de aprimoramento das práticas pedagógicas nas escolas em que atuam. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições do GMF para a formação docente para a EPT, especialmente pelas Escolas Cidadãs. Para tanto, foram analisados os relatórios e outros instrumentos elaborados pela coordenação do Programa a partir de seminários e atividades de acompanhamento do GMF, aplicadas aos seus participantes durante a capacitação na Finlândia e durante o desenvolvimento dos projetos aplicados nas suas escolas de origem no estado.  A análise teve seu foco no perfil de competências e objetivos identificados no desenvolvimento do Programa, a partir de categorias relacionadas a: realidade Brasil x Finlândia e possibilidades de aprimoramento da Educação Brasileira; processo de ensino-aprendizagem sob a perspectiva da abordagem centrada no estudante; metodologias ativas e ferramentas digitais; práticas curriculares diferenciadas; vínculos com a comunidade e outras escolas da Paraíba. Conclui-se que o perfil das competências desenvolvidas no GMF e seus objetivos de aprendizagem relacionados permitem melhorias individuais e coletivas do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, em especial para as Escolas Cidadãs, considerando uma formação direcionada ao protagonismo juvenil.