bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ НЕДРОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН: ЭКОЛОГИЯ И ИННОВАЦИИ
Authors: Сихимбаев М.Р. , Жумадилла Ш.А. , Сихимбаева Д.Р.
Published: October 2024

Предлагаемая статья посвящена исследованию инновационных процессов в республике Казахстан в их взаимосвязи с возможностями улучшения экологической ситуации в республике.
В соответствии с поставленной целью в задачи исследования входят: исследовать теоретические основы государственного управления в недропользовании; рассмотреть методологические подходы к исследованию системы государственного управления в недропользовании; развить механизмы государственного управления недропользованием страны в свете совершенствования и взаимосвязи экологических проблем и их решения на базе внедрения инноваций в отрасли.
В ходе исследования были применены методы научной абстракции, гипотез, статистики, анализа и синтеза и другие.
Основной базовой проблемой статьи является необходимость решение проблемы изучения вопросов экологии и инноваций в недропользовании. Актуальность данной статьи не вызывает сомнений ввиду назревших ситуаций в минерально-сырьевых отраслях промышленности. Недропользование является одним из основных загрязнителей окружающей среды в добывающих регионах республики. Другой стороной этой проблемы является низкий уровень инновационного развития, который тормозит развитие отрасли в целом. Предлагаемый нами путь решения этих двух проблем отрасли заключается в возможном сочетании инновационных процессов и очищения регионов недропользования от выбросов высокосернистых соединений и других отходов нефти, которые могут быть использованы в химической отрасли промышленности. Это могут быть производства битумов, асфальтенов, полиэтиленов и полипропиленов, пластмасс и других продуктов химии и нефтехимии, которые могут быть востребованы как на внутреннем, так и на внешнем рынках.
Исследованы пути совершенствования государственной политики для экономического роста национальной экономики. Предлагаются направления государственного управления недропользованием, предполагающие реализацию комплекса эффективных мероприятий и развития в сфере инноваций и экологии в природоэксплуатирующей среде.
АУЫЛШАРУАШЫЛЫҒЫ ӨНДІРІСІН БАСҚАРУДЫҢ ЭКОНОМИКАЛЫҚ МЕХАНИЗМІНІҢ ТЕОРИЯЛЫҚ АСПЕКТІЛЕРІ
Authors: Карбозова А.С. , Бұхарбаева А.Ж. , Дузельбаева Г.Б.
Published: October 2024

Мақалада аймақтық АӨК басқарудың экономикалық механизмінің жұмыс істеуінің теориялық аспектілері қарастырылады. Мақалада әртүрлі сөздіктер мен энциклопедияларда келтірілген "механизм" ұғымының анықтамасы қарастырылған, оның техникалық мағынасынан өзгеше жалпыланған түсіндірмесі берілген, экономикалық ғылымда осы тұжырымдаманы қолданудың тарихи аспектісі зерттелген, әртүрлі ғалымдардың «экономикалық механизм» ұғымының мәні туралы көзқарастары зерттелген, оның авторлық түсіндірмесі берілген. «Экономикалық механизм» ұғымын анықтаудың негізгі тәсілдері, осы ұғымның «экономикалық механизм» ұғымымен байланысы сыни тұрғыдан талданады.
«Экономикалық механизм» және «ұйымдастырушылық-экономикалық механизм» ұғымдарының қолда бар түсіндірмелерін салыстыру негізінде экономикалық механизм ұйымдық компонентті қамтиды деген қорытынды жасалды, сондықтан «ұйымдастырушылық-экономикалық механизм» санатын бөлу осы ұғымдардың мәнін түсіну тұрғысынан орынды емес. Экономикалық тетікті іске асыруда экономикалық қызметке қатысушылардың меншігі мен мүдделері шешуші рөл атқаратыны дәлелденді, «АӨК орнықты дамуын басқарудың экономикалық механизмі» ұғымы нақтыланды.
Integrating AI and statistical methods for enhancing civil structural practices: current trends, practical issues, and future direction
Authors: Anjum Asraar , Hrairi Meftah , Shaikh Abdul Aabid , Yatim Noorfazrina , Ali Maisarah
Published: October 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and statistical methods has revolutionized civil engineering by enhancing accuracy, efficiency, and reliability in various processes. This review systematically examines how advanced optimization techniques, including artificial neural networks (ANNs), Design of Experiments (DOE), and fuzzy logic (FL), are transforming civil engineering practices. It emphasizes the significant roles these methods play in addressing modern challenges such as structural health monitoring, damage detection, seismic design optimization, and concrete condition assessment. The review delves into case studies and real-world applications, showcasing the potential of these methods to create more resilient, sustainable, and cost-effective infrastructures. It critically examines the limitations and scalability of these techniques, identifying gaps in current research and practical challenges in real-world applications. The investigation also highlights the need for substantial computational resources, data privacy, security, and software interoperability. By addressing these issues, the review not only shows advancements in optimization techniques but also outlines future research directions, aiming to bridge the gap between theoretical developments and practical applications in civil engineering. This review serves as an essential resource for researchers, professionals, and policymakers interested in leveraging optimization techniques to advance civil engineering practices.
Impact of Demographic Factors, Economic Factors, and Social Media Usage on Political Preferences
Authors: Ahmad Salman , Shahzadi Amber
Published: October 2024

The current study exploredthe impact of demographicfactors, economic factors, and social media usage on political preferences. The study incorporated demographic variables including age, gender, and education level.Regression analysis was used to conduct the current study. Race/ethnicity, income level/employment status, and social media activity were examined as independent variables. Data was collected from150 respondents,which wasinterpreted using SPSS. Thus, analyzing the data collected from a diverse sample, significant effortwas madeto extend the knowledge of constructs used in the current study. Vivid correlation with demographic and/or economical characteristics, frequency of social media platforms usage,and political affiliations would be used to gain important information.
Annealed Stein Variational Gradient Descent for Improved Uncertainty Estimation in Full-Waveform Inversion
Authors: Corrales Miguel , Berti Sean , Denel Bertrand , Williamson Paul , Aleardi Mattia , Ravasi Matteo
Published: October 2024

In recent years, Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) has been extensively used to derive high-resolution subsurface velocity models from seismic data. However, due to the nonlinearity and ill-posed nature of the problem, FWI requires a good starting model to avoid producing non-physical solutions (i.e., being trapped in local minima). Moreover, conventional optimization methods fail to quantify the uncertainty associated with the recovered solution, which is critical for decision-making processes. Bayesian inference offers an alternative approach as it directly or indirectly evaluates the posterior probability density function using Bayes’ theorem. For example, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods generate multiple sample chains to characterize the solution’s uncertainty. Despite their ability to theoretically handle any form of distribution, MCMC methods require many sampling steps; this limits their usage in high-dimensional problems with computationally intensive forward modeling, as is the FWI case. Variational Inference (VI), on the other hand, provides an approximate solution to the posterior distribution in the form of a parametric or non-parametric proposal distribution. Among the various algorithms used in VI, Stein Variational Gradient Descent (SVGD) is recognized for its ability to iteratively refine a set of samples (commonly defined as particles) to approximate the target distribution through an optimization process. However, mode and variance-collapse issues affect SVGD in high-dimensional inverse problems. This study aims to improve the performance of SVGD within the context of FWI by utilizing, for the first time, an annealed variant of the SVGD algorithm and combining it with a multi-scale strategy, a common practice in deterministic FWI settings. Additionally, we demonstrate that Principal Component Analysis (PCA) can be used to evaluate the performance of the optimization process and gain insights into the behavior of the produced particles and their overall distribution. Clustering techniques are also employed to provide more rigorous and meaningful statistical analysis of the particles in the presence of multi-modal distributions (as is usually the case in FWI). Numerical tests, performed on a portion of the acoustic Marmousi model using both single and multi-scale frequency ranges, reveal the benefits of annealed SVGD compared to vanilla SVGD to enhance uncertainty estimation using a limited number of particles and thus address the challenges of dimensionality and computational constraints.
“Let’s Argue Both Sides”: Argument Generation Can Force Small Models to Utilize Previously Inaccessible Reasoning Capabilities
Authors: Eskandari Miandoab Kaveh , Sarathy Vasanth
Published: October 2024

Large Language Models (LLMs), despite achieving state-of-the-art results in a number of evaluation tasks, struggle to maintain their performance when logical reasoning is strictly required to correctly infer a prediction. In this work, we propose _Argument Generation_ as a method of forcing models to utilize their reasoning capabilities when other approaches such as chain-of-thought reasoning prove insufficient. Our method involves the generation of arguments for each possible inference result, and asking the end model to rank the generated arguments. We show that _Argument Generation_ can serve as an appropriate substitute for zero-shot prompting techniques without the requirement to add layers of complexity. Furthermore, we argue that knowledge-probing techniques such as chain-of-thought reasoning and _Argument Generation_ are only useful when further reasoning is required to infer a prediction, making them auxiliary to more common zero-shot approaches. Finally, we demonstrate that our approach forces larger gains in smaller language models, showcasing a complex relationship between model size and prompting methods in foundation models.
Chain of Ideas: Revolutionizing Research via Novel Idea Development with LLM Agents
Authors: Long Li
Published: October 2024

Effective research ideation is a critical step for scientific research. However, the exponential increase in scientific literature makes it challenging for researchers to stay current with recent advances and identify meaningful research directions. Recent developments in large language models (LLMs) suggest a promising avenue for automating the generation of novel research ideas. However, existing methods for idea generation either trivially prompt LLMs or directly expose LLMs to extensive literature without indicating useful information. Inspired by the research process of human researchers, we propose a Chain-of-Ideas (CoI) agent, an LLM-based agent that organizes relevant literature in a chain structure to effectively mirror the progressive development in a research domain. This organization facilitates LLMs to capture the current advancements in research, thereby enhancing their ideation capabilities. Furthermore, we propose Idea Arena, an evaluation protocol that can comprehensively evaluate idea generation methods from different perspectives, aligning closely with the preferences of human researchers. Experimental results indicate that the CoI agent consistently outperforms other methods and shows comparable quality as humans in research idea generation. Moreover, our CoI agent is budget-friendly, with a minimum cost of $0.50 to generate a candidate idea and its corresponding experimental design1.
AERO: Softmax-Only LLMs for Efficient Private Inference
Authors: Jha Nandan Kumar , Reagen Brandon
Published: October 2024

The pervasiveness of proprietary language models has raised privacy concerns for users’ sensitive data, emphasizing the need for private inference (PI), where inference is performed directly on encrypted inputs. However, current PI methods face prohibitively higher communication and latency overheads, primarily due to nonlinear operations. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis to understand the role of nonlinearities in transformer-based decoder-only language models. We introduce AERO, a four-step architectural optimization framework that refines the existing LLM architecture for efficient PI by systematically removing nonlinearities such as LayerNorm and GELU and reducing FLOPs counts. For the first time, we propose a Softmax-only architecture with significantly fewer FLOPs tailored for efficient PI. Furthermore, we devise a novel entropy regularization technique to improve the performance of Softmax-only models. AERO achieves up to 4.23\(\times\) communication and 1.94\(\times\) latency reduction. We validate the effectiveness of AERO by benchmarking it against the state-of-the-art.
Elementary Theory of Earthquake Source Relaxation
Authors: Guglielmi Anatol
Published: October 2024

The elementary theory of relaxation of the source “cooling down” after the main shock of an earthquake is presented axiomatically. The names of the objects under study are given and the relationships between them are determined. A new basic concept of “earthquake source deactivation” is introduced and a procedure for calculating the deactivation coefficient from aftershock frequency measurement data is indicated. An important property of the system is that the axioms do not contain statements regarding the actual process of source relaxation. From two simple axioms a number of meaningful statements (theorems) logically follow. A two-stage mode of source relaxation was discovered. The sharp transition between stages has the character of a bifurcation. It is shown that the classical Omori law has limited applicability. It describes the evolution of aftershocks only at the first stage of relaxation. The well-known Hirano-Utsu law is not applicable to describe aftershocks either at the first or second stages of relaxation. The conclusions of the elementary theory allow for interesting generalizations that expand the possibilities of experimental and theoretical study of the source.
Comprehensive View of Slovakia after Three Years of Independence
Authors: Leška Vladimír
Published: October 2024

Martin Bútora, Péter Hunčik (ed.): Slovensko 1995. Súhrná správa o stave spoločnosti. Nadácia Sándora Máraiho ve spolupráci s vydavatelstvím NAP Kiadó, Bratislava-Dunajská Streda 1996, 308 stran, 125 tabulek, grafů a mapek. ISBN 80- 85509-41-7.
Investigating the Structural Model of Whistle Blowing System on Government Procurement Fraud: Examining Mediating Effect of Investigative Audit
Authors: Zahra Femilia , Abdullah Muhammad Ikbal , Din Muhammad , Fadli Mohammad , Besar Hairul Azrin Haji , Ali Jati Kasuma
Published: October 2024

This study aims to develop a fraud disclosure model in government procurement in Indonesia through a whistle blowing system with an investigative audit as a mediator. Disclosure of fraud is the result of an investigative audit. The effectiveness of the implementation of investigative audit procedures will be achieved if the auditor has the ability to carry out each stage in the audit standard. To maximize the performance of investigative audits, a system is needed to uncover fraud. The whistleblowing system is expected to be an effective tool to reveal fraud in government procurement. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to respondents electronically by sending a google form link containing a list of questions to auditors at the Supreme Audit Agency (BPK) and internal auditors at the Financial and Development Supervisory Agency (BPKP) throughout Indonesia. The results of the study found that the use of a whistle blowing system could increase the effectiveness of investigative audits on government procurement. Another finding is that investigative audits can reduce the disclosure of government procurement fraud. The effectiveness of the whistle blowing system in reducing the level of disclosure of government procurement fraud does not occur directly, but must be mediated by a good investigative audit. The results of this study indicate that the reporting of government procurement fraud cases on the whistle blowing system must be followed up with a thorough investigative audit so that disclosures of government procurement fraud cases can be traced better. Additional analysis in this study shows that although the functions of external auditors and internal auditors are different, the level and type of disclosure of government procurement fraud do not differ.
Legal Liability, Institutional Environment and Audit Pricing: Insights from China’s Securities Law Revision
Authors: Zhang Lu , Bin Balia Sophee Sulong
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the impact of China's revised Securities Law (2019) on the audit pricing strategies of A-share listed companies. Using a Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach and a sample of 26,057 firm-year observations from 2016 to 2022, we find that the new law led to a significant increase in audit fees, especially for non-state-owned enterprises and firms in regions with stronger legal institutions. We attribute these effects to the heightened legal liability and regulatory scrutiny faced by auditors under the new regime, which incentivizes them to enhance audit quality and charge higher risk premiums. Our results are robust to a series of sensitivity tests and alternative specifications. We conclude that the revised Securities Law has achieved its intended objectives of improving market transparency and investor protection but at the cost of higher compliance burdens for listed companies. Our findings have important implications for policymakers, regulators, and market participants in China and other emerging economies undergoing similar legal and institutional reforms.
Analyzing the Dynamics of Inflation, Exchange Rates and Economic Growth through the Gini Index: Modeling VAR in Morocco
Authors: El Aboudi Sara , Jouali Youssef , El Bakkouchi Mounir , Echaoui Abdellah
Published: October 2024

In this study, we analyze the cross-impact of inflation, exchange rates and economic growth on income inequality in Morocco between 2000 and 2022, based on the GINI index as a measure of inequality. Its main objective is to understand how these macroeconomic variables influence income disparities. Our methodology is based on a VAR model to capture dynamic interactions between variables. To validate the robustness of the model, Granger causality tests and specification tests, including tests of homoscedasticity and autocorrelation of residuals, were used. The result is that inflation has a significant positive impact on income inequality, and exchange rate fluctuations directly influence inequality. Furthermore, economic growth helps to reduce inequality, although this effect depends on the distribution of the benefits of this growth. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence of the importance of macroeconomic stability and educational and fiscal policies in reducing income inequality.
An Empirical Analysis of Africa Continental Free Trade Area Economic Growth Prospects in the SADC Region: Evidence Using Autoregressive Distributed Lag-PMG Estimation Techniques
Authors: Chiranga Ngonidzashe , Mosikari Teboho J. , Zerihun Mulatu F.
Published: October 2024

Inter-SADC trade relations of indebted small countries and their potential of ushering economic growth from AfCFTA are unclear in both the short and long run. The study aims to empirically examine if there are AfCFTA economic growth prospects for SADC nations in the short and long term through an examination of the trade openness-economic growth nexus, and how the external debt impacts economic growth. A panel of eight SADC countries is used from a period spanning 1996-2022. The study employs Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimation techniques. The findings suggest that trade openness impacts economic growth positively at the 1% level in the long run, whereas external debt impacts economic growth negatively at the 1% level in both the long and short run. The study also finds that causality runs from economic growth to trade openness and is unidirectional. SADC nations are urged to minimise the overreliance on external debt in the funding of domestic consumption needs as it has negative consequences on economic growth in the long term.
Monetary Policy Instruments and Stock Market Returns Volatility in Nigeria
Authors: Akpokerere Emmanuel Othuke , Onojaife Azuoma Caroline , Osevwe-Okoroyibo Elizabeth Eloho
Published: October 2024

The study examines monetary policies instruments impact on stock market volatility in Nigeria for the period of 1993-2022. The study identified the independent variables, namely; reserve requirement (RR), cash reserve ratio (CRR), discount rate (DR) and money supply (MS) which were analyzed in relation to stock market volatility proxied with all share index volatility (ASIV). The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, correlation matrix several diagnostics tests (VIF, validity test, ADF and Johansen tests) and the multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that RR, CRR and MS have significant effect on ASIV while DR has insignificant effect on ASIV in Nigeria. It was concluded that reserve requirement, discount rate and money supply exert significant effect on Nigerian economy. Thus, it thereby recommended that management of CBN should put modalities in place to aggressively control ASIV in Nigeria. CBN should put measures in place to increase CRR. This will provide banks opportunity to fund economic transaction in the Nigerian economy, thereby reducing ASIV.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Ghana’s Economy: A Deep Dive into Economic Indicators
Authors: Peprah Williams Kwasi , Anowuo Isaac , Owusu-Yeboah Ebenezer , Ameyaw Daniel Adofo Kwakye , Sabas Lucile
Published: October 2024

The study presents an in-depth analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on Ghana’s gross domestic product (GDP), balance of payments and international investment position (BPM6), and inflation (INFL). Employing a pre-and post-COVID-19 comparison (2017-2022) through repeated measures ANOVA and tests of between-subject effects, it investigates whether the government’s economic performance was significantly impacted. Key findings show a notable decrease in GDP and BPM6, alongside a major increase in inflation rates post-pandemic. The study concludes that the COVID-19 pandemic had a statistically significant impact on Ghana’s economic performance in terms of GDP and BPM6, but not inflation. Recommendations include implementing economic stabilization policies, managing the balance of payments, controlling inflation, and focusing on sustainable growth. These insights are crucial for policymakers and stakeholders in navigating Ghana’s post-COVID-19 economic situation.
Sectoral Performance of ESG Enabled Stocks during COVID-19 Pandemic in the Indian Stock Market
Authors: Sharma Prashant , Arora Geetika , Kalyani Sushil , Olasiuk Hanna , Jindal Padmini
Published: October 2024

Over past one decade, there is significant rise in Environment, Social and Governance (ESG) enabled investment practices across the globe and Indian economy is no exception to that. The ESG-enabled investment options provide better investment avenues for investment for retail and institutional investors by ensuring the long-term sustainability of the business. The present study tries to assess whether there is any impact of ESG scores on performance of stocks at the time of COVID-19 pandemic period. The study compares the performance of stocks with high ESG score vis-à-vis stocks with low ESG scores during COVID-19 period for different sectors of Indian stock market. The study considers the data of 312 sample firms listed on BSE 500 index. The event study methodology is used to assess the impact of COVID-19 on Indian stocks. The stocks were further divided into three categories high score (top 30% of firms), medium (middle 40% of firms) and low (bottom 30% of the firms). The results of the study suggest that the investors were more confident about the performance and revival of firms that carry high ESG scores than firms with low ESG scores. The investors are confident about the long-term prospects and sustainability of the firms, and they tend to hold their investment in the firms with high ESG scores.
Innovative digital solutions in the training of specialists for the furniture industry
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nurmakhanov Baimakhan , Bukharbai Nurganym ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: October 2024

In the context of the rapid development of technologies and changing market requirements, this approach is becoming increasingly relevant, as it contributes to the formation of creative and innovative specialists. The purpose of the study is to analyze the use of digital design and design thinking in the educational process, as well as to assess their impact on the formation of professional competencies of students. The paper examines modern practices and methodologies, including the use of 3D modeling software, virtual reality and other digital tools that allow students to interact with real-time projects. The study used interactive multimedia tools, digital methods of graphic design, and virtual experiences adapted in the learning process. The results of the analysis show that the integration of digital technologies into training not only increases the level of student participation, but also contributes to the development of critical thinking, teamwork skills and the ability to solve practical problems in furniture design and production. These conclusions indicate the need to adapt educational programs to modern requirements and challenges, and also open up new opportunities for the use of innovative teaching methods in the furniture industry, which, in turn, can contribute to increasing the competitiveness of specialists in the labor market.
Pandemi Sürecinde Türkiye'de Dijital Tiyatro ve Seyirci
Authors: Göksever Müşerref
Published: October 2024

2020 yılında tüm dünyaya kısa süre içerisinde yayılan Covid-19 Pandemisi ile çalışma hayatı, eğitim, sağlık, spor, kültür sanat aktiviteleri gibi tüm yaşamsal faaliyetler duraksatma noktasına gelirken, bireysel ve toplumsal tüm alışkanlıklar da yaşanan süreç boyunca değişime uğramıştır. Salgının yayılmasını önlemek amacıyla verilen kısıtlama kararı ile tüm sanatsal ve kültürel faaliyetler askıya alınmış, tiyatro sanatçıları ve kumpanyalar kayıtlı oyunlarını dijital erişime açarak sanatsal etkinlikler için kısa sürede çözüm üretmişlerdir. Bir yandan eğitim faaliyetleri uzaktan yürütülmeye çalışılırken neredeyse bütünüyle fiziksel, uygulamalı ve örgün öğretimle sağlanan tiyatro eğitimi de pandemi koşullarında dijital erişimlerle uzaktan eğitimle yürütülmeye çalışmıştır. Tiyatrolar hızla mevcut olanakları kullanmaya başlayarak dijital platformlarda canlı yayınlara ve dijital alanda yeni form denemelerine başlamıştır. Dijitalleşen tiyatro deneyimi yalnızca sanatçıları/eyleyicileri değil aynı zamanda seyircileri de etkilemektedir. Tiyatro eğitiminin temel özelliklerinden biri de icracı olma yolunda ilerler iken yetkin seyirci konumuna erişebilmekten geçer; bugünün tiyatro öğrencileri aynı zamanda seyircilerdir. Dijitalleşme ile birlikte seyircinin tiyatro ile ilişkisinin yeniden anlamlanmış ve tiyatro sanatının temeli olarak anlatı yeni bir forma dönüşmüştür. Pandemi ile birlikte dijital prodüksiyonlar Türkiye’de yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu bağlamda, çalışma pandemi döneminde tiyatronun dijital alanda ivmelenişini üzerinden, aynı süreçte uzaktan eğitimle lisans eğitimine devam eden tiyatro öğrencilerinin alana dair, deneyim ve düşüncelerine yer verilerek seyir rejiminin ele alınması amaçlanmıştır. Amaca uygun olarak, pandemi döneminde dijital teknolojilerden faydalanan ve dijital platformlar aracılığı ile seyircisiyle buluşan oyunlar üzerinde örnekleminden hareketle tiyatro bölümünde okuyan öğrenci-seyircilerden 20 kişi ile derinlemesine görüşme/mülakat yapılmıştır. Yapılan görüşme sonucunda elde edilen veriler nitel analiz yöntemlerinden biri olan söylem analizi vasıtasıyla analiz edilerek değerlendirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda elde edilen veriler, Bu çalışma Atatürk Üniversitesi SDK-2023-11653 no’lu Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi kapsamında gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Oyunculuk Eğitiminde Nörobilimsel Temellerin Kullanımı: Pratik Bir Yaklaşım Olarak Nörosomatik Oyunculuk
Authors: Özkarataş Fatoş Su
Published: October 2024

Bu makale, Kartezyen ikilik ve semiyolojinin tiyatro uygulamalarını etkileyen bakış açılarını, oyuncuların ve seyircilerin deneyimlerini tanımlayan fenomenolojik boyutları, süreç ve performansın bedenleşmiş doğasını, somatik yaklaşımların dönüştürücü potansiyelini, aynı zamanda nörobilimsel temellerle zihin ve bedenin birbirine bağlılığını araştırmaktadır. Nörobilimsel temellerin oyunculuk eğitim süreçlerindeki potansiyel dönüştürücü gücüne odaklanan bu çalışma; nörobilimsel temellerin oyuncu eğitimi pedagojisi ve metodolojilerine yönelik pratik uygulamalar önermektedir. Bu araştırmanın konusu olan Nörosomatik Oyunculuk Yaklaşımı; insanın zihinsel ve fiziksel varlığı arasındaki karmaşık ilişkiye odaklanarak, oyunculuk sanatının ilkelerini nörobilimsel bir bakış açısıyla yeniden değerlendirir ve geleneksel oyunculuk disiplinlerinin sınırlarını aşarak kapsamlı bir uygulama pratiği geliştirmeyi amaçlar. Bu yaklaşımın merkezinde, fenomenolojik bir deneyim, yüksek mevcudiyet farkındalığı ve somatik uygulamalarla oluşturulmuş nörobilimsel oyunculuk tekniklerinin teatral ifadeyi nasıl şekillendirdiği yer alır. Nörosomatik oyunculuk yaklaşımı bu merkezden hareket ederek, oyunculara bütüncül ve disiplinlerarası bir bakış açısı kazandırmayı amaçlar. Özgün bir değer olarak bu makale, çağdaş tiyatro ve performans çalışmaları bağlamında Nörosomatik Oyunculuk Yaklaşımının teorik temellerinin, pratik uygulama önerilerinin ve potansiyel sonuçlarının kapsamlı bir araştırması niteliğindedir.
Burdur Yeşilova’da Tespit Edilen Zili Yaygılar
Authors: Aydın Bengü , Genç Mustafa
Published: October 2024

Türk el dokuma kültürü içerisinde zili dokumalar genellikle konargöçer grupların yaygın olarak dokuyup kullandığı maddi kültür ürünlerindendir. Burdur ve çevresi Yörük Türkmen kültürünün halen devam ettiği ender yörelerdendir. Burdur Yeşilova ilçesi ise bir yanıyla kışları Antalya’da yaşayan konargöçerler grupların yaylağı, diğer yandan Denizli’deki Yörüklerin yerleştiği bir konumdadır. Bu konum dokumaların farklılığındaki temel unsurlardan biridir. Yeşilova çok farklı konargöçer ve dokuma çeşitliliğine sahiptir. Bunların önemli bir bölümünü de yaygı amaçlı yapılan zililer oluşturur. Araştırma kapsamında Yeşilova’ya ait 36 köyde alan araştırması yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda beş köyde dokuma örnekleri tespit edilememiş 31 köyde 210 yaygı zili örneği tespit edilmiştir. Desen ve malzeme açısından bir sınıflandırma yapılmış ve içlerinden 20 dokuma bu araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Zili dokumalarının malzeme ve teknik analizleri yapılmıştır. 20 dokumadan 16 adedi düz zili, dördü ise çapraz zilidir. Geçmiş örnekler günümüzde yaşam tarzının değişmesinden dolayı yapılmasa da kayıt altına alınarak gelecek nesillere kültürel miras olarak aktarılması sağlanmıştır
İnsan Olmanın Anlamı ve Anlamsızlığı: Posthümanist Sanatın Romantik Estetiği
Authors: Doğan Hatice
Published: October 2024

ÖZ
Felsefenin temel sorunlarından biri olan “insan olma” deneyimi, insanın, dünyayı ve kendi varlığını nasıl anlamlandırdığı ile ilgilidir. Bu anlam arayışının günümüz dünyasında geldiği uç noktalardan biri olan posthümanizm kavramı, insanı, diğer canlılarla eşit derece rolünün olduğu bir sistemin parçası olarak ele alırken, insan olmanın anlamı üzerine sorgulamalar yapar. Bilim ve teknolojinin geldiği noktada, insan türüne özgü olarak düşünülen niteliklerin tartışmaya açılması, insan ve diğer canlı türleri arasındaki ilişkiler ve olasılıklar ile boyut kazanmaktadır. Araştırmada posthümanist sanatın estetik niteliği, bazı posthümanist sanatçıların eserleri üzerinden, romantizm estetiği ile ilişkilendirilerek anlamlandırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuçta günümüz sanatını yönlendiren eğilimlerden biri olarak posthümanizm, insan bedenini sınırlayan ve kontrol altına alan düşünme biçimlerinin aksine, onu özgür bırakırken, kendine yabancılaşmasına da sebep olmuştur. Romantizmin de beslendiği bir duygu olan bu yabancılaşma ve anlamsızlık duygusunun posthümanist sanatçıların eserlerindeki tekinsiz insan bedeni imgesi üzerinden okunması, insan olarak dünya üzerindeki varlığımızın geldiği noktaya farklı bir bakış açısı ekleyecektir.
Pathological and Hormonal Alterations of the Testis in Balb/C Mice Treated With Spirotetramat Insecticide
Authors:   Department of Biology Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran., Manas Ghodrat Ebadi
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: The side effects of insecticides are undeniable due to their excessive use by farmers. This study aims to investigate the impact of spirotetramat insecticide on pathological and hormonal alteration in BALB/c mice testes. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 adult BALB/c male mice, with a body weight range of 25-30 g, were obtained from the Animal House of Uremia University and examined. Mice were randomly divided into three groups of eight: control, experimental group 1, and experimental group 2. The mice of experimental group 1 received 2.5 mg/kg, and experimental group 2 received 10 mg/kg of spirotetramat. The control group received the same amount of distilled water for 21 days through the mouth by gavage. After this period, the mice were anesthetized and evaluated. Data were analyzed using a 1-way analysis of variance in SPSS version 19 software. Results: The results of the study showed that spirotetramat increased the thickness of the tunica albuginea, the diameter of the seminiferous tubules, the differentiation index of the testis tube, and the spermiogenesis index, but it decreased the thickness of the epithelium of the spermatogenic tubules, the replacement index of active spermatogonia, Leydig cells, and FSH, LH, and testosterone hormone levels. The thickness of interstitial tissue, Sertoli, and lymphocyte cells did not change significantly. Conclusion: By inhibiting the activity of acetyl coenzyme A, spirotetramat insecticide disrupts energy production and prevents the synthesis of lipids in the cells, finally decreasing spermatogenesis in mice.
Comparing the Effects of Theobromine and Prednisolone on Disease Severity and Inflammatory Markers in Female Rats With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran., Sami Deli Omid , Khezri Shiva ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran., Froushani Seyed Meysam Abtahi ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine and rectum that is associated with symptoms such as rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and sometimes abdominal pain. Theobromine is an alkaloid which is found in coffee beans, cocoa beans, and tea leaves. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of theobromine, compared to prednisolone, in treating inflammation in female rats with UC. Methods: In this experimental study on 24 female Wistar rats, after induction of UC with injection of acetic acid 4%, rats were divided into four groups: Control, UC, UC+prednisolone (10 mg/kg) and UC+theobromine (100 mg/kg). All rats were evaluated daily for changes in body weight, the existence of blood in the stool, and stool consistency. After 10 days, the rats were killed and were examined in terms of macroscopic lesions and the production of biochemical markers in the intestinal tissue including myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and protein content. Analysis of biochemical data was performed by one-way ANOVA, and the data related to disease severity were analyzed by the Friedman test. Results: The results for the weight factor indicated that the UC group had severe weight loss, and in the groups treated with theobromine and prednisolone, the weight of rats gradually increased. The disease severity increased in the UC group but decreased in the treated groups. Macroscopic examination showed that the tissue wound and bleeding in the treated groups were much lower than in the UC group and were almost similar to those in the control group. In the UC group, the levels of MPO, NO, and MDA increased significantly compared to the control group (P<0.05), and treatment with theobromine and prednisolone significantly reduced the level of these markers. In contrast, the TAC and protein content decreased in the UC group, compared to the control group, while there was a significant increase in the treated groups compared to the UC group. Conclusion: Treatment with theobromine and prednisolone can reduce tissue wounds and bleeding, as well as the MPO, NO, and MDA levels in female rats with UC.
Effect of Amygdalin on Murine Melanoma Cancer Cell Line and Normal Human Fibroblast Cells
Authors:   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Moslehi Azam , Komeili Movahhed Tahereh ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Abolhasani Hoda ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Heidari Fatemeh ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: Melanoma is the most aggressive and fatal type of skin cancer caused by the uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes. The ineffectiveness of existing therapies has encouraged researchers to use herbal medicines. Amygdalin is a natural cyanogenic glycoside that is found in fruits and seeds of different plants and has antiproliferative, antioxidant, and immune-regulating activities. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effect of amygdalin against murine melanoma cancer cell line and normal human fibroblast cells. Methods: The murine melanoma cancer cell line (B16F10) and human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) cells were exposed to different concentrations of amygdalin and dacarbazine (a standard anticancer drug) for 24 and 48 hours. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of amygdalin was obtained using the MTT assay and analyzed in GraphPad Prism and Excel applications. Results: Amygdalin had a high cytotoxic effect on the melanoma cell line within 48 hours of exposure, which is comparable to the cytotoxicity of dacarbazine at the same time. Amygdalin had no cytotoxic effect on HFF cells, while dacarbazine caused a high toxicity on HFF cells. Conclusion: Amygdalin, by inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, may prevent the adverse effects of chemical drugs on healthy cells and can be an appropriate treatment option for melanoma.
The Growth Inhibition Effect of Different Extracts of Taraxacum Peregrinum Leaves on Breast Cancer Cell Line MDA-MB-468
Authors:   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Abolhasani Hoda , Abolhasani Ahmad ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Nojavan Fatemeh ,   Qom University of Medical Sciences, Ghahremani Mahdieh ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Heidari Fatemeh ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: The dandelion plant (Taraxacum officinale) is one of the plants with beneficial effects. In this study, we evaluated the growth inhibition of different extracts of Iranian dandelion (Taraxacum peregrinum) on breast cancer cells. Methods: Ethanolic, methanolic, hydroalcoholic, and aqueous extracts and juice of dandelion leaves were first prepared by the Maceration method. Seven concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 10000 mg/mL) were prepared from different extracts. Cisplatin was used as a standard anticancer drug. Their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were evaluated by the MTT assay. Data analysis was done in Excel and GraphPad Prism 8.0.2 software. Results: By increasing the concentration of different extracts, the growth inhibitory effect on cancerous cells increased after 72 hours of exposure. The greatest growth inhibition effect was shown by ethanolic extract (IC50=0.75±0.31 mg/mL) after 72 hours of exposure followed by methanolic extract (IC50=6.25±0.76 mg/mL) and aqueous extract (IC50=6.59±0.94 mg/mL). Their effects were much more significant and better than Cisplatin (IC50=42.57±1.73 mg/mL). However, hydroalcoholic extract and juice of dandelion leaf did not show a significant growth inhibition effect. Conclusion: Given the significant effects of ethanolic, methanolic, and aqueous extracts of Taraxacum peregrinum leaves on inhibiting the growth of the MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell line, this plant can be used as an herbal supplement for the treatment of breast cancer.
Factors Affecting the Early Diagnosis of Smear-positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients in Qom Province, Iran
Authors:   Department of Prevention and Fight Against Diseases, Health Deputy, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Karami Joushin Moharram , Mohebi Siamak ,   Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Saghfipour Abedin ,   Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Mohammadi Mahdi ,   Department of Prevention and Fight Against Diseases, Health Deputy, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Ghafuri Yadollah ,   Department of Environment Health, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, Zareh Bahareh ,   Department of Prevention and Fight Against Diseases, Health Deputy, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: According to the report of the World Health Organization (WHO), almost one-third of the world’s population is infected with tuberculosis (TB). The delay in TB diagnosis, in addition to increasing mortality, can increase the duration of disease transmission. This study aims to identify the factors affecting the early detection of smear-positive pulmonary TB in Patients in Qom Province, Iran. Methods: In this case-control study, 120 patients with smear-positive pulmonary TB (60 with a diagnosis delayed for more than three months and 60 with a timely diagnosis) diagnosed from 2018 to 2021 in Qom Province participated. To determine the factors effective in early diagnosis of pulmonary TB, the odds ratio of each factor was calculated, and logistic regression analysis was used for data analysis. Results: The prescription of the sputum test at the first visit had the most significant effect on the early diagnosis of pulmonary TB (odds ratio=161, P<0.001). The TB in patients who visited the clinics and those visited by general practitioners was diagnosed with a higher delay. The lack of knowledge of existing TB diagnosis and treatment services in health centers had increased the diagnosis delay by 2.3. Occupation, gender, and place of residence were not found to be effective factors. Conclusion: It seems that most doctors in Iran neglect to prescribe a sputum test for patients suspected of pulmonary TB and only prescribe chest x-rays. Training and informing doctors, private medical centers, and pharmacies in referring patients suspected of pulmonary TB to the health centers where the patients live can cause timely diagnosis of pulmonary TB.
Factor structure and validation of the electronic form of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire in patients with COVID-19
Authors:   Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran, Mirzazadeh Roghayeh , Amirfakhraei Azita ,   Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran, Haji Alizadeh Kobra ,   Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran, Zarei Eqbal ,   Associated of department psychology University of Hormozgan ،Bandarabbas, Iran
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: Background and Aim: Validity Scale Validation can help identify coronavirus disease patients; therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the validation of the electronic form of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire in patients with COVID-19. Methods: This study is instrumental psychometrics that the statistical population includes all patients in 19 cases in Tehran. The number of samples was determined based on psychometric criteria to be 100 for the predictive validity section and 251 for the convergence validity section. Samples were selected by cluster sampling. Research data were collected electronically through two questionnaires of happiness (Oxford) and happiness of positive psychological characteristics by sending the questionnaire link to the participants' mobile phones. To evaluate the validity of the scale, content validity, convergence, and factor analysis methods were used. The reliability of the scale was assessed by internal consistency methods and class reliability. Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that the researcher-made questionnaire consists of three factors and has good validity and reliability. The second-order confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the three-factor model. This questionnaire was administered along with the short form of the Oxford Happiness Scale, which had 13 items of good reliability and validity. Conclusion: The Oxford Happiness Scale in COVID-19 patients can be used to assess happiness in COVID-19 patients.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Rural Households in Bojnourd, Iran Regarding the Fleas
Authors:   Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Motevalli Haghi Seyed Farzad , Vasoukolaei Nasibeh Hosseini ,   Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Taghi Ahmadian Mohamad ,   Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Yazdani Charati Jamshid ,   Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Nikookar Seyed Hassan ,   Health Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: Fleas are obligate blood-sucking ectoparasites of humans and animals, and their importance in general human health is mostly related to their ability to transmit infectious pathogens. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of rural households in Bojnourd, North Khorasan Province of Iran, regarding the fleas. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted from May to November 2020. The study population consisted of rural household members from 11 villages in Bojnourd City. The data were collected using a researcher-made KAP questionnaire with acceptable validity and reliability. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS software, version 20 using t-test and ANOVA. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Of 408 participants, 209 (51.23%) were female and 199 (48.77%) were male. Most of them were in the age group of 21-30 years (37.01%), and less in the age group above 41 years (11.27%)., and were employed (n=109, 26.71%). A significant difference was observed in KAP score based on gender, age, educational level, and occupation (P<0.05). The mean scores of knowledge, attitude and practice were 75.38%, 53.6% and 49.3%, respectively. Conclusion: The rural households in Bojnourd has a high knowledge of fleas, but their attitude and practice are low. Therefore, appropriate training programs are necessary to improve their attitude and practice