bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Poor Outcome of Conduct Disorder among Children and Adolescents
Authors: Jayaprakash Raghavan , Sharija S , Anil Prabhakaran , Rajamohanan K
Published: February 2022

Background:

Conduct disorder (CD) is a heterogeneous disorder with variations in symptomatology and outcome. Slightly more than half of CD ceases to meet the criteria for CD during late childhood or adolescence. Many studies had examined the factors that determine the outcome of CD. However, limited follow-up studies are available in the Indian context. The present study aims to identify the factors that determine the poor outcome of CD.

Materials and Methods:

This was a clinic-based follow-up study. The study population consists of 300 consecutive children between 6 and 18 years of age who satisfied the International Classification of Disease-10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research guidelines for CD. Study setting was behavioral pediatrics unit under tertiary care pediatric department. Recruited children were intervened and followed up for 1 year. Initial and final scores of abnormal psychosocial situation, symptom severity, and functional level were assessed. A percentage of children who achieved clinically significant improvement were noticed. Determinants of poor outcome were identified by logistic regression.

Results:

Clinically significant improvement was observed among 64.51% of sample. Determinants of poor outcome were family history of single parent, alcoholism, domestic violence, and psychiatric illness and duration, initial severity, and type of symptoms and comorbidity.

Conclusions:

CD is amenable to intervention in the Indian setting. Early intervention will give good outcome. Among risk factors identified, four were socially modifiable factors.
Acute Poisoning of Aconitum
Authors: Jesrani Gautam , Kaur Amanjot , Gupta Monica , Gupta Harsheel
Published: February 2022

Aconitine, a plant alkaloid is a usual constituent of various over-the-counter herbal remedies and is an uncommon cause of deliberate poisoning. Herein, we describe an unusual case of poisoning in a young male due to accidental ingestion of aconitine tincture. On presentation, his electrocardiogram documented ventricular arrhythmias for which amiodarone was administered promptly. This led to considerable improvement in heart rhythm. The patient recovered gradually with this management and achieved normal sinus rhythm. He was completely asymptomatic within 5 days of treatment and subsequently discharged. Our management with amiodarone narrates the importance of this drug in aconitine poisoning, which can prove to be fatal in the absence of any intervention or delay in diagnosis. Nonexistence of specific antidote also establishes amiodarone as a standard remedy.
Case Report of Psychosomatic Illness
Authors: Angane Amey Y. , Keshari Prerna K. , Unnithan Vishnu B.
Published: February 2022

Hyperhidrosis is excessive, visible sweating without physical activity, which is not associated with physiological homeostatic response to maintain body temperature. The severity can be assessed by the Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale. Hyperhidrosis causes severe psychological impairment, and left untreated may cause cutaneous infections. Topical 20% aluminum chloride is the first-line treatment for all cases of primary, focal hyperhidrosis irrespective of disease severity. Here, we report a case of primary hyperhidrosis with no response to topical aluminum chloride, iontophoresis, and oral anticholinergics who was not interested in invasive treatment modalities. On developing symptoms of anxiety, the patient was subsequently referred to the psychiatry department and successfully treated with clonidine and oral escitalopram. Primary hyperhidrosis did not recur even when clonidine was tapered off, and the patient was maintained on escitalopram. The use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors as a long-term maintenance agent for hyperhidrosis requires further study.
Coronavirus Anxiety and Cyberchondria among Undergraduate Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Sravani D. , Reddy C. Gowtham , Murthy P. S. , Chaudhury Suprakash
Published: February 2022

Background:

Despite widespread rise in anxiety due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a paucity of studies of coronavirus anxiety and cyberchondria, which is searching for more health-related information, among medical students.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of coronavirus anxiety and cyberchondria in the context of COVID-19 in undergraduate medical students.

Materials and Methods:

This is a cross-sectional study done between August 24, 2020 and September 5, 2020. A total of 280 students have given consent to participate in the study by filling online self-designed questionnaire, coronavirus anxiety scale, and cyberchondria severity scale-12. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20 using appropriate statistical tests.

Results:

Coronavirus-related anxiety was present in 55% of the students. Moderate and severe cyberchondria were seen in 39% and 50% of the students, respectively. Association between coronavirus anxiety and severity of cyberchondria was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Majority of the students spent >2 h in watching or reading COVID-19 related news.

Conclusions:

As significant number of medical students had anxiety and cyberchondria related to COVID-19, medical colleges have to implement necessary psychological interventions to safeguard the students' mental health.
Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease at Different Disease Stages
Authors: Xia Yu-Mo , Gao Hui , Wang Qing-Sheng , Feng Xiao , Wang Yi-Qin , Xu Zhao-Xia
Published: February 2022

Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) has a high incidence, disability rate, and mortality rate, which severely affect people's health, work, and life. Based on its clinical manifestations, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has classified CHD as “chest impediment” and “heart pain” for the treatment. The course of CHD is protracted, and the pathogenesis is complex and changeable. Moreover, different disease stages have different syndrome characteristics. Thus, this article aimed to summarize the classification and distribution characteristics of the TCM syndrome in various stages of CHD, such as before and after percutaneous coronary intervention therapy, disease progression, age, and complications, to provide references for the TCM clinical diagnosis and treatment of CHD.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Fingerprint of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Haliotidis
Authors: Zhao Qing , Song Shu-Yue , Zhang Meng-Qi , Li Xin , Liu Yang , Wang Chang-Yun
Published: February 2022

Objective:

Haliotidis, the dried muscle of abalone, has long been used as a marine traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) due to its high medicinal and nutritive values, whereas few reports contributed to its quality control. This study aimed to establish the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints of Haliotidis.

Materials and Methods:

The HPLC fingerprints of Haliotidis, the manufacturing products of dried muscle of abalone, were analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC, using a YMC HPLC C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The gradient elution mode was applied with mobile phase starting from 5% acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution to 100% acetonitrile in 70 min at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 190 nm.

Results:

Through compared the HPLC fingerprint chromatograms of 14 batches of Haliotidis, 25 peaks were assigned as the characteristic common peaks, of which one index component L-phenylalanine was identified by comparison with its standard substance. The established HPLC fingerprint analysis method of Haliotidis was validated with good precision, repeatability, and stability. Based on the above study, a reference HPLC fingerprint chromatogram of Haliotidis was proposed.

Conclusions:

It is the first time to establish the HPLC fingerprint chromatogram of TCM Haliotidis, which could contribute to the establishment of its quality control system.
Connecting the Echo Dots: An Exploratory Ethnographic Study of ‘Alexa’ in the Classroom.
Authors:   , Cook Richard
Published: February 2022

Educational research literature regarding epistemic curiosity and voice technology could not be found to answer a burning question of, ‘Why aren’t my students curious?’. The aim of the study was therefore to critically analyse teachers pedagogical approaches and how voice technology was used by students as a more knowledgeable other and the extent to which it affected students’ epistemic curiosity. Using an exploratory ethnographic approach, Amazon’s Echo Dot voice technology was studied in lessons at Hillview School. Data was collected through participant observation, informal interviews and recordings of students’ interactions with ‘Alexa’. Students asked questions to Alexa in large numbers. Alexa was asked 87 questions during two lessons suggesting that Alexa was a digital more knowledgeable other. Types of questions asked to Alexa, such as ‘Can fish see water?’, were epistemic questions and suggestive of epistemic curiosity. Teachers used the Echo Dots infrequently and in a limited number of ways. Teachers relied upon a pedagogical approach and talk oriented around performance which overlooked students’ learning talk. The answer to why students might not be curious was not found. However, evidence to understand how and why they might appear not curious was revealed. The study makes contributions to knowledge through the novel use of the Echo Dots to collect data and through a new data visualisation technique called ‘heatmaps’. The study contributes to knowledge by proposing three tentative notions that emerged inductively from the research: ‘performance-oriented talk’, ‘metricalisation’ and ‘regulativity’. The study aims to make a further contribution to knowledge by suggesting evidence of a ‘pedagogy of performance’. The study recommends ‘learning-oriented talk’ and development of Alexa ‘Skills’ as a way to disrupt the pedagogy of performance and as an area for further research.
Milk, Moon and Money: A Qualitative Exploration of Value-Co-creation in the UK's Milk Home Delivery Business.
Authors:   , Hoerger Christian
Published: February 2022

This exploratory research is a practical attempt to contribute to ongoing discussions in the domain of Service-Dominant-logic (S-D-logic) first presented by Vargo and Lusch in the article ‘Evolving to a new dominant logic for marketing’ in the Journal of Marketing (2004). It considers the value-co-creation of the actors involved in an asynchronous, repetitive interaction process. Aim/Research objective: The purpose of this research is to understand the interaction process within the service context of UK milkmen, a traditional, regular milk home delivery service to Britain’s doorsteps at night. The research contributes to the current understanding and interpretation of value-co-creation methodologically and theoretically. The methodological contribution results from the use of an ethnographic approach to researching value-co-creation in a traditional home delivery service. Theoretically, the aspects of time, place, and asynchronous interactions are linked with the existing knowledge on value-co-creation. Methodology: The study is based on an inductive approach exploring the subjective meaning of the research context. Based on an interpretivist perspective, this thesis uses ethnographic fieldwork consisting of my observations of service providers (= milkmen) and semi-structured interviews with service users (= customers). Furthermore, customers’ online feedback is used to reflect on their perceptions of the value proposition offered by the milkmen. These various data sets are analysed by applying Kuckartz’s (2014) qualitative text analysis approach. Results: This thesis applies Vargo and Lusch’s theoretical framework of S-D-logic to the milk home delivery service. Through this, it becomes transparent that (reliable) rhythms, (contextual) romanticisation and (interactive) relationships are implicit coordination mechanisms to the value proposition that is offered by the milkmen and subjectively perceived by their customers. The impact of those elements on value-co-creation becomes even more relevant if they are based on mutual projections, reflections, and individual understandings of the commonly shared place of customers’ doorsteps, at the specific time of interaction. Contribution: This research offers methodological and conceptual contributions to the ongoing discussion in services marketing. The methodological contribution arises chiefly from the ethnographical approach of accessing the field and gathering data. Conceptually, the asynchronous process of interactions between milkmen and their customers on Britain’s doorsteps by night presents, on a micro-level, insightful knowledge on the relevance of place and time in value-co-creation. Additionally, other relevant phenomena impacting the subjective value conceptualisations of the parties involved becomes transparent. Hence, this thesis does reveals the underlying mechanisms, by which value is co-created in an iconic business.
Cyberbullying/Cyber-Victimization Status, Cyberbullying Awareness, and Combat Strategies of Administrators and Teachers of Pre-School Education Institutions
Authors: Tosun Nilgün , Akcay Halenur
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to determine whether the administrators and teachers of pre-school education institutions are aware of cyberbullying, whether they are cyber victims or cyberbullies, and their situations of creating strategies by taking security measures to combat cyberbullying. In this regard; A total of 15 public, private and independent kindergartens and teachers of the Ministry of National Education in Edirne city center were included in the study. The Cyberbullying Scale for University Students, developed by Tanrıkulu and Erdur - Baker (2019) was used as a data collection tool, the survey forms and the interview forms prepared by the researchers were used for managers and teachers. According to the results of the analysis, administrators and teachers' cyberbullying levels are lower than cyber victimization levels. Teachers who have not heard of cyberbullying are more likely to be cyberbullying than teachers who have heard of it. When the cyberbullying and cyber-victimization status of the teachers participating in the research were analyzed by age, it was concluded that younger teachers were more likely to be cyberbullies than older teachers. Managers with younger children are more cyberbullies than managers with older children. The managers and teachers who participated in the study stated that they learned the concept of cyberbullying most from social media. In addition, it was determined that participants' strategies to combat cyberbullying were also different from each other. Most managers and teachers have stated that seminars on cyberbullying should be held for them, and that family education is also important.
Using YouTube to Connect and Educate Individuals in the Chemical Industry
Authors: Klein Christian
Published: February 2022

In the chemical industry, a new generation of decision-makers is emerging in the next 5 to 10 years with a higher affinity for the use of videos to find information and to connect with other individuals. Through the digital transformation, an “on-demand” culture has become usual. As individuals want to access information at any time, B2B companies need to transform to video-based infrastructures enabling them to build effective relationships through connecting their employees with the new decision-makers of the industry. The speciality chemicals business is characterized by a high level of innovations which is seen as an excellent source to create video content aiming to connect individuals and to change social communication patterns. The current academic literature indicates the advantages of using YouTube in B2B, but a specific framework describing how to embed YouTube in the customer journey to improve B2B social communication and to achieve better social connections between B2B individuals is missing. Using an adopted content analysis, this paper developed a framework for YouTube-based activities combining the four major elements, Content, Touchpoint, Usage and Stimulus, in an interrelated setup.
Primeira ocorrência de Lingulepis (Brachiopoda-Obolidae) no Devoniano do estado do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Bosetti Elvio Pinto , Horodyski Rodrigo Scalise , Zabini Carolina , Matsumura Willian Mikio Kurita , Godoy Luiz Carlos
Published: February 2022

A fauna de braquiópodes da sucessão devoniana do estado do Paraná (Neolochkoviano – Frasniano) é de longa data conhecida. O presente trabalho registra uma espécie nova de braquiópode, Lingulepis wagoneri sp. nov. (Linguliformea – Lingulata – Obolidae) para a sucessão devoniana da bacia do Paraná, sendo esta a primeira ocorrência deste gênero no Brasil. Todos os espécimes estão preservados em siltitos escuros e folhelhos sílticos. Foram coletados em afloramentos dos municípios de Ponta Grossa e Tibagi, localizados na borda leste da bacia do Paraná.
Tricomas fósseis como nova categoria de palinomorfos lato sensu: sua classificação preliminar e aplicabilidade na Bioestratigrafia
Authors: Ara Mitsuru , Duarte Sarah Gonçalves
Published: February 2022

Estruturas vegetais reconhecidas como tricomas (apêndices unicelulares ou pluricelulares encontrados na epiderme dos vegetais) vêm sendo registradas em estratos cretáceos submetidos a análises palinológicas. O objetivo deste trabalho é sistematizar o registro de tricomas fósseis, classificando-os sob um esquema taxonômico artificial aplicável na bioestratigrafia. O material analisado provém, em sua maior parte, de poços petrolíferos que perfuraram o Cretáceo das bacias de Campos e Santos (plataforma continental do Sudeste do Brasil). Com base em caracteres selecionados (número de ramificações, diâmetro relativo, número de células, tipo da base, ângulo entre as ramificações, forma do centro e pedicelo), foram identificados 12 morfotipos básicos: (1) simples; (2) em forma de T; (3) em forma de Y; (4) tipo duplo; (5) triplo; (6) fasciculado; (7) fasciculado tufoso; (8) multirradiado; (9) multirradiado tufoso; (10) estrelado tridimensional; (11) estrelado tridimensional tufoso; e (12) estrelado planar. Para cada um destes morfotipos, podem ser estabelecidos subtipos baseados em características secundárias (morfologia das extremidades das ramificações, curvatura, sinuosidade etc.), de modo que podem ser identificados 63 morfotáxons. Em função dessa grande variabilidade morfológica, tricomas acenam com potencial aplicabilidade na bioestratigrafia. Isto se torna especialmente importante, considerando que eles são frequentes dentro do Santoniano (Cretáceo Superior) das bacias de Santos e Campos, onde, em consequência de paleoincêndios provocados pelo vulcanismo, observa-se uma escassez de palinomorfos convencionais (esporos e grãos de pólen).
Morphological variation in the striped water snake Helicops trivittatus (Gray, 1849) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Xenodontidae) of eastern Amazonia
Authors: Rossman Douglas Athon
Published: February 2022

Helicops trivittatus, an aquatic snake endemic to eastern Amazonia, has an essentially invariant colour pattern, but it does exhibit sexual and/or individual variation in many meristic and mensural characters. This study is based on a series of 45 preserved specimens.
A case of voluntary tail autotomy in the snake Dendrophidion dendrophis (Schlegel, 1837) (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae)
Authors: Hoogmoe Marinus Steven , Avila-Pires Teresa Cristina Sauer
Published: February 2022

We report direct observation of voluntary tail autotomy in the Colubrid snake Dendrophidion dendrophis from Monte Dourado, Pará, Brazil. Voluntary tail autotomy for this species had been reported before, but the process itself never has been described.
Avifaunal inventory of the Amazonian savannas and adjacent habitats of the Monte Alegre region (Pará, Brazil), with comments on biogeography and conservation
Authors: Vasconcelos Marcelo Ferreira de , Dantas Sidnei De Melo , Silva José Maria Cardoso da
Published: February 2022

Knowledge of the avifaunal composition of Amazonian savannas is important in facilitating a greater understanding of the patterns of evolution of the regional biota. Despite this, this vegetation type has been poorly sampled in comparison to adjacent rainforest habitats. The aim of this paper is to provide an avifaunal inventory of the savannas and other adjacent habitats of Monte Alegre, on the left bank of Amazon River, northwestern Pará, Brazil. Our survey is based both on our own fieldwork and on previously-collected specimens deposited in museums. A total of 300 bird species have been recorded in the region. Ninety-four species (31.3%) were restricted to a single habitat type, indicating that habitat heterogeneity is important to the overall species richness. Despite the fact that the Monte Alegre savannas present typical species restricted to this habitat, several open-country birds that occur in larger savanna areas located on the borders of Amazonia (along the Atlantic coast and close to the ‘cerrado’ boundaries) were not recorded in this area. Although Monte Alegre is species impoverished relative to other savanna regions in the Amazon basin, the Monte Alegre savannas shelter the Sulfur-breasted Parakeet (Aratinga maculata), a vulnerable species in Pará state that is only known from the Guianan area of endemism (Aleixo et al., 2011). We also comment on biogeography, taxonomy, noteworthy records, natural history and conservation of the regional avifauna.
Similaridade de espécies arbóreas em função da distância em uma floresta ombrófila na Floresta Nacional de Saracá-Taquera, Pará
Authors: Ferreira Leandro Valle , Salomão Rafael De Paiva , Matos Darley Calderaro Leal , Pereira Jorge Luis Gavina
Published: February 2022

A distribuição de espécies é uma questão complexa. Atualmente, existem dois principais modelos usados para explicar essa distribuição: a Teoria da Neutralidade e a Teoria de Nicho. A primeira prediz que a coexistência de espécies é resultado de um equilíbrio entre imigração e extinção, enquanto a segunda prediz que os recursos naturais são utilizados diferencialmente entre as espécies. Estudos realizados em regiões tropicais têm demonstrado que a similaridade de espécies diminui com a distância geográfica. Contudo, poucos estudos foram realizados comparando a similaridade de espécies em relação à distância geográfica, em escala local, onde outras variáveis, como topografia, altitude e tipo de solo não variam. O objetivo deste estudo é testar se existem diferenças na similaridade de espécies em relação à distância geográfica entre parcelas, em um platô de 1.500 hectares recoberto por uma floresta ombrófila densa, na Floresta Nacional Sacará-Taquera, estado do Pará. Neste local, foram distribuídas 179 parcelas de 10 x 250 metros, cobrindo a superfície total do platô. A distância entre as parcelas variou de 200 metros a 9 quilômetros. Nas 179 parcelas amostradas foram identificadas 631 espécies. A curva cumulativa de espécies apresentou uma nítida tendência assíntota. As estimativas de riqueza de espécies, utilizando os estimadores de riqueza Jackknife 1 e 2, foram de 720 e 733 espécies, respectivamente. A maioria das espécies apresentou baixa frequência absoluta nas parcelas amostradas, um padrão típico para a floresta amazônica; do total de 631 espécies, 442 (70% do total) ocorreram em menos de 10% do total das parcelas. Houve uma correlação negativa entre a similaridade de espécies e a distância geográfica das parcelas no platô. Os menores índices de similaridade de Sörensen, variando de 13% a 19%, foram obtidos entre parcelas a distâncias médias de nove quilômetros entre si, enquanto os maiores índices de similaridade, variando de 50% a 62%, foram obtidos a distâncias menores do que um quilômetro entre si. Este estudo corrobora parcialmente a Teoria da Neutralidade, na qual a similaridade entre espécies diminui com a distância geográfica. Contudo, o valor da correlação obtida entre similaridade e distância geográfica (r = -0.44) indica que outros fatores influenciam esta diferenciação, mostrando que a similaridade de espécies em regiões tropicais pode ser explicada por outros fatores, biótica e abiótica, além da distância.
Nota sobre predação de Passer domesticus (Aves, Passeridae) por Philodryas olfersii (Squamata, Dipsadidae) em uma área urbana na Zona da Mata de Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Almeida Gleymerson Vieira Lima de , Dos Santos Ednilza Maranhão
Published: February 2022

A presente comunicação relata um evento de predação no qual a serpente Philodryas olfersii preda a ave Passer domesticus. Esse registro foi verificado em uma área urbana da Zona da Mata do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, no município de Nazaré da Mata, em 21 de junho de 2009.
The Pirabas Formation (Early Miocene from Brazil) and the Tropical Western Central Atlantic Subprovince
Authors: Socorro Orangel Aguilera , Páes Eduardo Tavares
Published: February 2022

The Neogene Tropical Western Central Atlantic-South American faunal assemblage from the Pirabas Formation (Early Miocene) has specific and unique features, which distinguishes it from the rest of the Proto-Caribbean Subprovince in diversity, paleoceanographic condition and ecosystems. Principal component analysis (PCA) distinguished three groups of localities with similar faunas (Group A: Ilha de Fortaleza, Colônia Pedro Teixeira and Praia de Fortalezinha; Group B: Estação Agronômica, Ilha de Marajó, Turiacu, Baixo Parnaíba, Aricuru and Salinópolis; Group C: Capanema B-17 Mine) and five different depositional facies (surf zone, beach, lagoons, tidal channel and tidal delta), in agreement with previous geological studies showing heterogeneous paleoenvironments among the outcrops. These heterogeneous lithostratigraphic sequences suggest different members, and may be related to different ages along the Pirabas sequence. The Neogene Northwestern Atlantic Subprovince is erected to encompass this entire geographical area.
Estratégias para auxiliar na conservação de florestas tropicais secundárias inseridas em paisagens alteradas
Authors: Brancalion Pedro Henrique Santin , Viani Ricardo Augusto Gorne , Rodrigues Ricardo Ribeiro , César Ricardo Gomes
Published: February 2022

Apesar de pesquisas apontarem a importância das florestas tropicais secundárias para a conservação da biodiversidade e provimento de serviços ambientais, este ecossistema vem sendo continuamente substituído por atividades antrópicas, sendo degradado pela recorrência das perturbações oriundas dessas atividades. Neste contexto, além da compreensão dos processos de geração, da função e do desenvolvimento das florestas secundárias, elas deveriam ser alvo de políticas públicas que possibilitassem não somente sua manutenção em paisagens modificadas pelo homem, mas também seu avanço sucessional, com consequente potencialização do seu papel de conservação de biodiversidade e de serviços ambientais. Neste trabalho, revisamos as causas da destruição e degradação das florestas secundárias em paisagens modificadas pelo homem e sugerimos estratégias para a definição de políticas públicas baseadas em aspectos ecológicos, socioeconômicos e legais de manejo e de conservação florestal para dois cenários distintos – paisagens tropicais muito e pouco modificadas – aqui exemplificadas, nos biomas Mata Atlântica e Amazônia, respectivamente. Estas estratégias estabelecem uma abordagem nova e holística para promover e sustentar um futuro mais favorável em termos de conservação da biodiversidade e provimento de serviços ambientais para as florestas secundárias nos trópicos e, em especial, no Brasil.
Sistema Capoeira Classe: uma proposta de sistema de classificação de estágios sucessionais de florestas secundárias para o estado do Pará
Authors: Salomão Rafael De Paiva , Vieira Ima Célia Guimarães , Júnior Silvio Brienza , Amaral Dário Dantas do , Santana Antônio Cordeiro
Published: February 2022

A legislação brasileira não define quais das características das formações secundárias devem ser avaliadas para a classificação do seu estágio sucessional, se inicial, intermediário ou avançado, dificultando os procedimentos de licenciamento para supressão, manejo e conservação da vegetação nativa. Neste estudo, propõe-se um sistema de classificação do estágio sucessional da vegetação secundária, baseado em dados colhidos em três municípios do Pará e de revisão de literatura. Foram feitos inventários em 128 parcelas de 0,16 ha por sítio estudado e utilizados 18 descritores florístico-estruturais da vegetação. Parcelas dos três estágios foram submetidas à análise discriminante, que definiu os três estágios sucessionais com base em dezesseis medidas florístico-estruturais. Oito descritores apresentaram maior poder discriminatório destes três estágios sucessionais, sendo então selecionados para a elaboração do Sistema Capoeira Classe (CapClas), sistema composto por três equações que discriminam, com 70,3% de acurácia, os estágios sucessionais de uma determinada vegetação. O presente trabalho corrobora a afirmação inicial de que os três estágios sucessionais propostos apresentam comunidades arbóreas com estruturas distintas e que o uso de descritores florístico-estruturais pode contribuir para a aplicação de um sistema de classificação da vegetação secundária.
Secondary forests as biodiversity repositories in human-modified landscapes: insights from the Neotropics
Authors: Tabarelli Marcelo , Santos Bráulio Almeida , Arroyo-Rodríguez Victor , De Melo Felipe Pimentel Lopes
Published: February 2022

In this essay we examine some of the processes affecting the composition and structure of tree species assemblages and, consequently, what we can expect from secondary-forest stands as an element of human-modified landscapes and as an opportunity for biodiversity persistence in this ecological context. Based on the available information, it is reasonable to predict that in some landscapes or biotas: (1) small forest remnants degenerate and support plant assemblages with attributes similar to those observed in early and intermediate-aged regenerating stands, while secondary-forest stands move from initial to more advanced successional stages; (2) collectively, remnant/stand attributes and landscape integrity define the pace through which degeneration proceeds, but also the potential for regeneration; (3) at the landscape spatial scale, remnants and stands tend to converge in terms of structure, but also in terms of taxonomic and functional composition. In other words, remnants degenerate and secondary-forest stands regenerate toward a sort of ‘climax community’, which is conditioned by the physical and biological integrity of both patch and landscape. Considering secondary forests in the conceptual, ecological and spatial framework of human-modified landscapes may help us to understand and maximize the conservation services provided by this habitat as it proliferates through human-modified landscapes.
Evolução dos Sedimentos Pós-Barreiras na zona costeira da Bacia São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil
Authors: Rossetti Dilce De Fátima , Rocca Renê Rojas , Tatumi Sonia Hatsue
Published: February 2022

Os Sedimentos Pós-Barreiras têm sido pouco estudados, apesar do interesse em reconstituições do nível do mar e da tectônica no Quaternário. Esses estratos registram mais de um episódio de deposição, que permanecem por ser investigados. Este trabalho apresenta resultados de datação por luminescência opticamente estimulada (LOE) de Sedimentos Pós-Barreiras expostos no litoral maranhense. As idades indicam deposição do Neopleistoceno ao Neo-holoceno. Foram registradas três sucessões sedimentares de idades entre 84.000 e 38.000 anos, 29.000 e 16.000 anos, e 11.000 a 500 anos. A sucessão 1, mais antiga, iniciou-se após o Último Interglacial, coincidente com elevação do nível do mar de alta frequência entre 84.000 e 70.000 anos e pode incluir contribuição marinha. O restante dessa sucessão, bem como a sucessão 2, ocorreu durante rebaixamento do nível do mar, que culminou com o Último Máximo Glacial. Esses depósitos são relacionados com o retrabalhamento eólico de areias provavelmente marinhas, expostas no litoral. A sucessão 3 foi formada durante a elevação do nível do mar que culminou com a transgressão do Meso-holoceno. Somente depósitos formados em dunas eólicas foram registrados nesta sucessão. Estes preencheram depressões e reentrâncias na Formação Barreiras e, eventualmente, avançaram em áreas onde esta unidade é topograficamente elevada.
Macrolobium Schreb. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Félix-da-Silva Maria Maricélia , Bastos Maria de Nazaré Do Carmo , Gurgel Ely Simone Cajueiro
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho trata de um estudo taxonômico de Macrolobium na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, incluindo descrições, chave de identificação, usos e distribuição geográfica dos táxons. Foram identificados e estudados seis táxons: M. angustifolium, M. bifolium, M. brevense, M. campestre var. arboreum, M. huberianum var. huberianum e M. pendulum.
Uma nova armadilha ventilada para coleta de mosquitos com ou sem atração humana
Authors: Gorayeb Inocêncio De Sousa
Published: February 2022

Foi desenvolvida a armadilha ventilada como proposta de novo método para coleta de mosquitos com a presença de uma pessoa no interior dela, que serve de atrativo, mas que permanece protegida das picadas dos mosquitos, empurrados para um coletor (onde ficam aprisionados) pela ação de ventiladores. Uma variação desse aparato também foi apresentada para utilização com atrativos químicos, como gás carbônico (CO2), octenol (1-octen-3-ol), entre outros. A descrição e as ilustrações da armadilha são feitas em detalhes.
¿Por una línea en el mar? Alegorías y discursos geopolíticos entre Chile y Perú
Authors: Cabrera Toledo Lester
Published: February 2022

El 13 de noviembre de 1999, durante la firma de un tratado internacional, los cancilleres de Chile y Perú vislumbraban las oportunidades que traía el siglo XXI para que ambos países olvidasen las hipotecas morales de un pasado conflictivo. Sin embargo, al año siguiente “una línea en el mar” se convirtió en el preámbulo de otro conflicto en la relación bilateral. Este nuevo problema limítrofe entre las partes, con antecedentes oficiales desde 1986, reavivó la lógica beligerante y de desconfianzas mutuas; de hecho, derivó en una demanda establecida en la Corte Internacional de Justicia de La Haya. En este libro, Lester Cabrera analiza lo que significó la división limítrofe para los actores involucrados tanto en Chile como en Perú. Más allá de una simple demarcación ficticia y arbitraria, sostiene el autor, detrás de la línea subyacen simbologías estructurales de la identidad nacional, el peso de las representaciones históricas contrapuestas y hasta una potencial proyección geopolítica del territorio en disputa. Ofrece así una interpretación crítica en la que contempla los discursos y alegorías de este conflicto por la frontera marítima.
Transitional Leakage in Theory and Practice
Authors: Müller Nicolai , Knichel David , Sasdrich Pascal , Moradi Amir
Published: February 2022

Accelerated by the increased interconnection of highly accessible devices, the demand for effective and efficient protection of hardware designs against Side-Channel Analysis (SCA) is ever rising, causing its topical relevance to remain immense in both, academia and industry. Among a wide range of proposed countermeasures against SCA, masking is a highly promising candidate due to its sound foundations and well-understood security requirements. In addition, formal adversary models have been introduced, aiming to accurately capture real-world attack scenarios while remaining sufficiently simple to efficiently reason about the SCA resilience of designs. Here, the d-probing model is the most prominent and well-studied adversary model. Its extension, introduced as the robust d-probing model, covers physical defaults occurring in hardware implementations, particularly focusing on combinational recombinations (glitches), memory recombinations (transitions), and routing recombinations (coupling).With increasing complexity of modern cryptographic designs and logic circuits, formal security verification becomes ever more cumbersome. This started to spark innovative research on automated verification frameworks. Unfortunately, these verification frameworks mostly focus on security verification of hardware circuits in the presence of glitches, but remain limited in identification and verification of transitional leakage. To this end, we extend SILVER, a recently proposed tool for formal security verification of masked logic circuits, to also detect and verify information leakage resulting from combinations of glitches and transitions. Based on extensive case studies, we further confirm the accuracy and practical relevance of our methodology when assessing and verifying information leakage in hardware implementations.
Highly Vectorized SIKE for AVX-512
Authors: Cheng Hao , Fotiadis Georgios , Großschädl Johann , Ryan Peter Y. A.
Published: February 2022

It is generally accepted that a large-scale quantum computer would be capable to break any public-key cryptosystem used today, thereby posing a serious threat to the security of the Internet’s public-key infrastructure. The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) addresses this threat with an open process for the standardization of quantum-safe key establishment and signature schemes, which is now in the final phase of the evaluation of candidates. SIKE (an abbreviation of Supersingular Isogeny Key Encapsulation) is one of the alternate candidates under evaluation and distinguishes itself from other candidates due to relatively short key lengths and relatively high computing costs. In this paper, we analyze how the latest generation of Intel’s Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX), in particular AVX-512IFMA, can be used to minimize the latency (resp. maximize the hroughput) of the SIKE key encapsulation mechanism when executed on Ice Lake CPUs based on the Sunny Cove microarchitecture. We present various techniques to parallelize and speed up the base/extension field arithmetic, point arithmetic, and isogeny computations performed by SIKE. All these parallel processing techniques are combined in AvxSike, a highly optimized implementation of SIKE using Intel AVX-512IFMA instructions. Our experiments indicate that AvxSike instantiated with the SIKEp503 parameter set is approximately 1.5 times faster than the to-date best AVX-512IFMA-based SIKE software from the literature. When executed on an Intel Core i3-1005G1 CPU, AvxSike outperforms the x64 assembly implementation of SIKE contained in Microsoft’s SIDHv3.4 library by a factor of about 2.5 for key generation and decapsulation, while the encapsulation is even 3.2 times faster.
A Significance of Human Rights
Authors: Dr. S. M. Jadhav
Published: February 2022

The present day human rights advocacy can be justified on grounds of ‘positive view of freedom’. This entails ‘the view that individual freedom in the full sense involves having an opportunity for self- realization... The political content of the positive view is that, if certain resources, powers or abilities are needed for self-realization to be effectively achievable, then having these resources must be considered part of freedom itself. It is on this basis that modem revisionary liberals have defended the welfare state as a freedom- enhancing institution: it is alleged to confer needed resources on individuals and thereby to expand their chances of freedom’.( Gray.l986:pp.57,58). The view of Bentham on natural rights and the statement of Maurice Cranston on human rights sets in motion the contemporary debate on human rights. On natural rights Bentham opined that “Right is the child of law; from real laws come real rights, but from imaginary law, from “laws of nature”, come imaginary rights...Natural rights is simple nonsense,, natural and imprescriptibly rights...rhetorical nonsense, nonsense upon stilts’.(Quoted in Cranston, Maurice 1967:p.44). According to Maurice Cranston, “The traditional human rights are political and civil rights such as the right to life, liberty and a fair trial. What are now being put forward as universal human rights human rights are social and economic rights such as the right to unemployment insurance, old-age pensions, medical services and holidays with pay. I have both a philosophical and political objection to this. The philosophical objection is that the new theory of human rights does not make sense. The Political objection is that the circulation of a confused notion of human rights hinders the effective protection of what are correctly seen as human rights.(Ibid.p.43). The views expressed by Cranston appealed to me as relevant on perusal of the Vienna declaration and Programme of action adopted by the World Conference on Human rights in Vienna on 25 June 1993.
Distribución de cargas en puentes vehiculares para su determinación de fallas
Authors: Chávez V Ramiro , Ríos-Moreno G.J , Trejo-Perea M.
Published: February 2022

La mala distribución de cargas permanentes hacia los puentes y de su vida móvil, han provocado que surjan colapsos; los cálculos estructurales de cada puente son importantes y esto dependen de las cargas vivas y muertas, para que estos no lleguen a un colapso. El propósito de esta investigación es analizar la distribución de cargas en puentes para su determinación de fallas mediante datos estadísticos, con ello tener en cuenta las normativas para que los usuarios (empresas de carga) tengan en cuenta lo máximo que estos puedan soportar. Ensayos que se han realizado para diagnosticar las condiciones en las que se identifican daños graves respecto a las cargas que ejercen los vehículos y así tener en cuenta que tan seguros son después del diagnóstico, llevando así una presentación del puente en el software de AutoCAD. Los resultados muestran que las cuestiones climatológicas y cargas vehiculares a las que se encuentran constantemente los puentes, son factores que determinan el agrietamiento y su durabilidad en la vida útil.
Reafirmación de valores éticos, morales y ecológicos en estudiantes de la carrera de medicina
Authors: Bencomo María Atocha Valdez , López Laura Sierra , Dávila Rosa María Guerra
Published: February 2022

Actualmente se viven momentos desestabilizadores tanto en México como en el mundo, e igualmente en ellos están gestándose, grandes transformaciones, que van desde el calentamiento global, la economía, las guerras, los problemas en educación, las violencias y la inestabilidad familiar etc. Al respecto de la inestabilidad familiar, cabe mencionar que no es ajena, a lo que le circunda y le impacta desde todos los ámbitos. Tampoco pasan desapercibidos los espacio donde se elucubran y desarrollan las cosas y sucesos más transcendentales en los procesos de aprendizajes y transformación de los jóvenes en la vida.  Ineludibles se vuelven estos espacios, para orientar a los jóvenes, así como necesario retomar y reafirmar nuevamente los valores.  Sobre todo, en estos tiempos, que se habla de la ausencia de ellos (la desvalorización), en otras palabras, la pérdida de valores en los jóvenes.

Hoy en día, sin duda la mirada esta puesta en estas nuevas generaciones de jóvenes, estos como poseedores de una crítica constructiva en la que se refleja el ente solidario y autónomo, en jóvenes, capaces de contribuir a moldear un mundo sensible, armonioso y justo.  Objetivo. Determinar los valores, con los que se identifican los estudiantes de nuevo ingreso a la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero. Material y método. El estudio de corte descriptivo. La población, estudiantes del primer semestre. El Instrumento, cuestionario de valores, aplicado a una población mixta de estudiantes. Los resultados, de 198 estudiantes de primer año, 83 (41.91%) hombres y 114 (57.59%) mujeres, 1 (0.5%) sin registro. Se obtuvieron 1011 menciones de valores, algunos estudiantes realizaron más de los 5 valores solicitados en el registro. De los 83 valores, seleccionaron 74. E incluyeron diez valores más que no estaban presentes en el cuestionario. Conclusión. Se refleja un estado de latencia en los estudiantes, no de ausencia en el manejo de valores.
Yonishaithilya (Perineal Laxity) - A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Pournima Gadge  , Sunita Suman  , Sanket Nandekar
Published: February 2022

Yonishaithilya is a common gynecological problem of women of contemporary era which has very important impact on female’s sexual function. This must not be taken lightly as they can adversely affect the quality of woman’s life. As per Brihatrayi, Yonishaithilya represents as a symptom of Mahayoni Yonivyapada, Vatala Yonivyapada, Phalini Yonivyapada and Karnini Yonivyapada, not as a separate disease. Etiology, sign, symptoms and treatment of Yonishaithilya resembles with perineal laxity. Perineal laxity is the condition where there is loosening of supporting structure of female pelvis, thereby allowing the descent of one or more pelvic organ through the lax vaginal introitus. Data Source: Brihatrayees and Laghutrayees, also from all contemporary textbooks, Relevant journals and Websites; Review method: Literary review; Objective:. This review article summarizes details of Yonishaithilya, current scientific researches and elaborates the various therapeutic procedure and drug formulations suggested in Ayurveda for the treatment of Yonishaithilya. Scope and Conclusion: Ayurveda gives various Panchakarma and Sthanik chikitsa like local application of Pichu, Snehana Swedana which are economical, easy and nonsurgical; many single plants; herbal formulations used traditionally which gives an eminent result in Yonishaithilya. Untreated Yonishaithilya may produces complications like pelvic organ prolapse, urinary incontinence and may convert into 2nd or 3rd-degree prolapse where conservative treatment is not beneficial. In some cases, a patient has been advised for a hysterectomy but the patient is reluctant to undergo surgery. So, it is preferred to try Ayurvedic medicine which may be the step to avoid hysterectomy. So, it is necessary to treat it as early as possible.
Five Common Rights on Ayurvedic Dietetics - A Review
Authors: Chiranjit Biswas  , Supriyo Chaudhuri
Published: February 2022

Ahara is as old as the history of humanity as the body is originated and subsequently maintained by food. Historically, by the fundamental methods as looking and accumulating and agriculture humans secured their food from nature. As agricultural technologies elevated, humans settled into agriculture existence with diets fashioned through the agriculture possibilities of their geographical environment. Geographic and cultural variations have caused creation of numerous cuisines and culinary arts, which includes a big selection of components, herbs, spices, techniques, and dishes. With engorgement of rapid transferring lifestyles, fashions of assimilation of various subculture and way of life the food become very venerable for life expectancy. In Ayurveda, proper style of partaking food or Ahara has been mentioned by different treatise in a holistic approach. In the present study the holistic measure regarding Ahara is stipulated in five common rights as the Right Quantity, Right Time, Right Quality, Right Method, and Right Place