bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infinite disorder renormalization fixed point for the continuum random field Ising chain
Authors: Collin Orphée , Giacomin Giambattista , Hu Yueyun
Published: June 2023

We consider the continuum version of the random field Ising model in one dimension: this model arises naturally as weak disorder scaling limit of the original Ising model. Like for the Ising model, a spin configuration is conveniently described as a sequence of spin domains with alternating signs (domain-wall structure). We show that for fixed centered external field and as spin-spin couplings become large, the domain-wall structure scales to a disorder dependent limit that coincides with the infinite disorder fixed point process introduced by D. S. Fisher in the context of zero temperature quantum Ising chains. In particular, our results establish a number of predictions that one can find in [Fisher, Le Doussal and Monthus 2001]. The infinite disorder fixed point process for centered external field is equivalently described in terms of the process of suitably selected extrema of a Brownian trajectory introduced and studied by J. Neveu and J. Pitman [Neveu and Pitman 1989]. This characterization of the infinite disorder fixed point is one of the important ingredients of our analysis.
AMS subject classification (2010 MSC): 60K37, 82B44, 60J70, 82B28
The Effect of Prenatal Rooming-In Shared Decision-Making on Postpartum Exclusive Breastfeeding in Taiwan
Authors: Hung Hsiao-Ying , Wen Chun-Che , Su Pei-Fang , Chang Ying-Ju
Published: June 2023

Background 24-hour rooming-in is a crucial policy in BFHI for promoting breastfeeding. However, Taiwan’s BFHI certification included prenatal shared decision-making (SDM) for rooming-in until 2018. Prior to this update, maternal rooming-in intentions, related factors to the prenatal SDM decision, and the impact of prenatal SDM implementation on postpartum exclusive breastfeeding were unknown. Methods A retrospective medical review study was conducted. Describe statistics, nonparametric tests, and generalized-estimating equation (GEE) were used. Results Women's comprehension of rooming-in was inadequate compared to breastfeeding. Women who were older, worked full-time, had a graduate degree, and believed that rooming-in interrupted their rest weakened their prenatal rooming-in intention. In GEE, only age (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: [0.89 − 0.97],p = 0.001), primiparity (OR = 0.50. 95% CI: [0.32, 0.78],p = 0.002), vaginal delivery (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: [1.001, 2.33],p = 0.049), and prenatal exclusive breastfeeding intention (OR = 3.33, 95% CI: [2.08, 5.33],p < .001) were related to postpartum exclusive breastfeeding, not prenatal rooming-in intention. Conclusion Prenatal SDM ensures autonomy for women and their families with respect to
Vaginal colonization with virulent Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Ugandan women in labour
Authors: Bwanga Freddie , Mukashyaka Claudine , Kateete David Patrick , Tumuhamye Josephine , Okeng Alfred , Aboce Emmanuel , Namugga Olive , Kwizera Richard , Sommerfelt Halvor , Nankabirwa Victoria
Published: June 2023

Background Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) often colonizes the human skin, upper respiratory and genital tracts. In the female genital tract, it can be passed on to the newborn during vaginal delivery leading to either ordinary colonization, or neonatal infections notably umbilical stump sepsis, scalded skin syndrome, arthritis, or bactereamia/sepsis. These infections are mediated by Staphylococcal virulence factors such as i. Staphylococcal Enterotoxins A, B, C, D, and E encoded by the sea, seb, sec, sed, see genes, ii. Exfoliative Toxins A and B encoded by the eta and etb genes, iii. Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 (TSST-1) encoded by the tst gene, iv. Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) encoded by the pvl gene, and v. Hemolysins alpha and delta encoded by the hla and hld genes, respectively. We determined the prevalence of S. aureus possessing one or more virulence factor genes and of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in this population.Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which used 85 retrieved cryopreserved S. aureus isolates from the Chlorohexidine (CHX) clinical trial in Uganda. The isolates had been obtained by culturing vaginal swabs (VS) from 1472 women in labour. Isolates were thawed and sub-cultured. These were studied for selected virulence and methicillin resistance genes (mecA) using molecular techniques. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20.Results Of the 85 S. aureus isolates 13 (15.3%) were positive for one or more virulence factor genes, as follows: pvl 9/85 (10.6%), hld 5/85 (5.9%), sea 1/85 (1.2%) and seb genes 1/85 (1.2%). The other virulence genes (sec, sed, see, eta, etb, hla and tst) were not detected in any of the isolates. MRSA was detected in 55.3% (47/85) of the isolates, but only two of these carried the pvl virulence gene.Conclusion This study demonstrated that 15% of the S. aureus colonizing the female lower genital tract of mothers in labour in central Uganda carried one or more virulence genes, mostly pvl. More than half of the isolates were MRSA but mostly avirulent. Therefore, in the study settings, the potential for newborn infection with virulent S. aureus stands, but with non-MRSA strains.
Seasonal patterns in trace elements assessed in toenails
Authors: Wojcik Kaitlyn M. , Von Holle Ann , O’Brien Katie M. , White Alexandra J. , Karagas Margaret R. , Levine Keith E. , Jackson Brian P. , Weinberg Clarice R.
Published: June 2023

Seasonal patterns in measured exposure biomarkers can cause measurement error in epidemiological studies. There is little known about the seasonality of trace elements when measured in toenails. Adjusting for such patterns when estimating associations between long-term exposures and health outcomes could be needed to improve precision and reduce bias. Our goal was to assess seasonal patterns in toenail measurements of trace elements. At enrollment, Sister Study participants, who were US residents, removed polish and collected toenail clippings, which were cleaned before analysis. We measured: iron, vanadium, aluminum, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, selenium, molybdenum, cadmium, tin, antimony, mercury, and lead. For a sample of the cohort we fit trigonometric regression models with toenail element measures as the outcome, using sine and cosine functions of the collection day of the year (transformed to an angle) to assess seasonality. Results were replicated in a second sample of women, with measurements done in a separate lab. There was a seasonal association between day of collection and toenail measures for iron, aluminum, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, arsenic, molybdenum, cadmium, tin, and lead, all of which peaked near mid-August. Seasonal patterns were concordant across the two samples of women. Given the evidence supporting seasonal patterns for 11 of the 17 elements measured in toenails, correcting for seasonality of toenail levels of those trace elements in models estimating the association between those exposures and health outcomes is important. The basis for higher concentrations in toenails collected during the summer remains unknown.
Effect of the particle geometry on lightweight particleboards from Paulownia using high frequency pressing technology
Authors: Röllig Paul , Tudor Eugenia Mariana , Barbu Marius Cătălin , Direske Martin
Published: June 2023

The aim of this research is to manufacture lightweight single-layered particleboard made of paulownia plantation wood and to analyse to what extend the panel´s properties are influenced by particle geometry. Panels with a thickness of 16 mm and two levels of density, 300 and 400 kg/m³ were manufactured with urea-formaldehyde adhesive using high-frequency (HF) pressing technology. The entire production process, from stem debarking up to particleboard manufacturing was described and assessed. The physical and mechanical properties of the panels met at least the requirement for LP1 (light)particleboards for general purposes and use in dry conditions. A higher particle size determined increased bending properties and better internal bond, but also more affinity to water absorption. As a product that withstands the criteria for at least LP1 classification, the particleboards made of paulownia manufactured with HF technology are innovative sustainable products for the furniture industry.
Enhancing the Static and Dynamic Parameters in Asymmetrical Multilevel Inverter fed Induction Motor Drive operated at Low Switching Frequency
Authors: Karunanidhi Venkataramanan , Subramanian Vasantharaj , Ramilingam Balamurugan Chinnapettai
Published: June 2023

This article describes how to build a solar photovoltaic-fed multilevel inverter with a low switch count to power an induction motor. The proposed system consists of a photovoltaic (PV) panel, an Asymmetrical Multi-Level Inverter (AMLI), and an induction motor drive. The proposed AMLI is made up of two DC sources, which are powered by PV panels. The main advantage of this method is that it does not require an auxiliary circuit to generate negative levels. The MATLAB/ Simulink model is used to investigate an AMLI using a Dual Carrier Multi Reference PWM (DCMRPWM) technique for renewable energy applications. Likewise, the proposed work includes an adaptive fuzzy logic-based closed-loop control solution for faster induction machine settling time, higher system efficiency, and reduction in total harmonic distortion (THD) without the use of a filter circuit. The findings indicate that the proposed control system is effective at reducing losses and increasing system efficiency. The system's performance is also compared to that of the standard PI controller. Similarly, this paper proposes an optimal switching strategy for reducing torque ripples in an induction motor drive.
Systemic immune inflammation index is associated with ulcerative plaque in patients with acute ischemic stroke: A single center exploratory study
Authors: Zhang Lianlian , Xu Xinchun , Zhang Xinyuan , Jiang Shu , Hui Pinjing
Published: June 2023

Purpose
This study explored the correlation between inflammatory markers and ulcerative plaques based on Carotid Doppler Ultrasound (CDU) in individuals with Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS).
Methods
A total of 202 cases diagnosed with AIS associated with atherosclerotic plaque (AP) in the carotid artery were enrolled in this research. CDU was used to assess carotid atherosclerotic vulnerability and vulnerability-related component features. The AP was classified into different types based on symmetric features and location. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were employed to analyze the correlation between inflammatory indexes, the shape and position of AP, the degree of carotid artery stenosis, and the presence of ulcerative plaques. Cut-off values were determined accordingly.
Results
The Systemic Immune Inflammation index (SII) and high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) were independent risk factors for the formation of vulnerable carotid plaques. SII level, type A plaque, plaque above carotid bifurcation, and severe carotid stenosis were independent risk factors for ulcerative plaque. The AUC value of SII in predicting ulcerative plaque was 0.895, the sensitivity, specificity, the best cut-off value was 93.3%, 89.2%, 537.4(109/L), respectively.
Conclusion
Elevated SII levels at admission were found to be independently associated with the presence of AIS with vulnerable plaque, especially ulcerative plaques. Moreover, plaque ulceration was more likely to form when the area of higher plaque thickness was located in the upstream arterial wall of maximum plaque thickness (WTmax), plaque was above the carotid bifurcation, and severe carotid stenosis, providing new insights into the formation of vulnerable plaques.
Sexual stimulation for distal ureteral stones: a meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Chengxia , Zhou Minghui , Wu Guanghao , Xu Li , Feng Chao , Ye Chunhua
Published: June 2023

Background
This article aimed to investigate the clinical efficiency of sexual stimulation in the treatment of distal ureteral stones.
Methods
We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2022 for studies comparing sexual stimulus to placebo for the treatment of distal ureteral stones. RevMan 5.3 software was used to pool the data.
Results
A total of 6 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comprising 535 cases of distal ureteral stones were included. 273 cases were associated with sexual intercourse or masturbation 3–4 times a week, and 262 cases received only conventional medical treatment. The pooled results showed that the 2-week [risk ratios (RR) = 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34, 2.33] and 4-week [RR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.29, 1.69] expulsion rates of the sexual stimulation group were significantly higher than in the placebo group (ps<0.01). Additionally, sexual stimulation was associated with a shorter expulsion time [weight mean differences (WMD) = -3.74, 95% CI: -6.27, -1.22, p < 0.01] and a decreased prevalence of renal colic attacks [WMD = -0.61, 95% CI: -1.01, -0.22, p < 0.01].
Conclusions
Proper sexual stimulation can enhance the spontaneous expulsion of distal ureteral stones in patients presenting tolerable pain.
The benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma require at least three cycles
Authors: Yumioka Tetsuya , Morizane Shuichi , Muraoka Kuniyasu , Oono Hirofumi , Isoyama Tadahiro , Sakaridani Naoyuki , Ono Koji , Sejima Takehiro , Kadowaki Hiroyuki , Hikita Katsuya , Honda Masashi , Takenaka Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Background
Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is uncommon. In advanced cases, radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) alone is not curative, and recurrence and metastasis are likely to occur. Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is an evidence-based treatment. However, the optimal number of AC cycles is not clear. This multicenter study investigated the number of cycles required for the beneficial effects of AC in Japanese patients with UTUC.
Methods
Patients who were diagnosed with UTUC and underwent RNU at our hospital and affiliated hospitals from January 2010 to September 2020 were included in the study. Patients with pathological T3 or higher or lymph node metastasis were observed or given AC, and their responses were compared. The AC regimens included gemcitabine and cisplatin or gemcitabine and carboplatin. Patients were classified into three groups: the observation group, the two cycles of AC group, and the three to four cycles of AC group. Patients were also classified into two groups: the observation and two cycles of AC group and the three to four cycles of AC group. The survival curves for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analyses.
Results
Of the 133 patients enrolled in the study, 24 received 2 cycles of AC, 37 received 3–4 cycles, and 72 were observed only. The median RFS for all patients was 3.58 years, and the median CSS for all patients was 4.77 years. The 5-year RFS was 67.1% for the 3–4 cycles of AC group and 41.7% for the observation and two cycles of AC group. The 5-year CSS was 72.2% for the 3–4 cycles of AC group and 35.9% for the observation and two cycles of AC group. RFS and CSS were significantly longer in the three to four cycles of AC group compared to the observation and 2 cycles group (P = 0.048 and P = 0.005 respectively).
Conclusion
AC prolonged RFS and CSS in the real-world setting. However, at least three cycles of AC are required to achieve beneficial effects in patients with UTUC.
Optimized Schwarz Domain Decomposition Algorithms for the Closest Point Method on Closed Manifolds
Authors: Yazdani Alireza , Haynes Ronald D. , Ruuth Steven J.
Published: June 2023

The closest point method (CPM) is an embedding method that represents surfaces using a function that maps points in a neighbourhood of the surface to their closest points on the surface. This mapping brings intrinsic data onto the embedding space, allowing us to numerically approximate surface intrinsic partial differential equations by standard numerical methods in a tubular neighbourhood of the surface. Solving the surface positive Helmholtz equation by the CPM paired with finite differences yields a large, sparse, and non-symmetric linear system. Here Schwarz domain decomposition methods (DDMs) provide partitioned, parallel algorithms to solve these linear systems. We theoretically investigate the convergence of optimized Schwarz-CPM methods for 1-manifolds in Rd. The analysis is followed by numerical experiments for verification.
AMS Classification: 65N25 , 65N55
DFT calculations for Adsorption of H2S and other natural gas compounds on M-BTC MOF clusters
Authors: Braga Mateus U. C. , Perin Gabriel H. , Oliveira Leonardo H. , Arroyo Pedro A.
Published: June 2023

Desulfurization is a necessary process to reduce the corrosiveness of natural gas. In this regard, H2S adsorption on porous materials is the focus of study for development of new eco-friendly technologies. Although there are many experimental and theoretical studies about gas adsorption on MOFs, so far, there has been no theoretical work about desulfurization of natural gas or biogas through H2S adsorption on MOF BTC. Therefore, the objective of this study is to preselect which metal center, M2+ = Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, or Zn2+, has the highest potential for selective desulfurization of natural gas. DFT calculations were performed at B3LYP‑D3/6‑311++G(2d,p)+LanL2DZ level for H2O, H2S, COS, CO2, and CH4 adsorption on M-BTC MOF clusters in order to obtain equilibrium geometries of adsorption complex, adsorption energies and thermodynamic properties. It was found that Zn-BTC MOF cluster has the highest potential for selective H2S removal from dry natural gas streams, as it has an adsorption energy of ‑79.4 kJ mol‑1, which is 2.4 times higher than CH4. Furthermore, it is an exothermic and thermodynamically favorable process. Through NBO and EDA analyses, it was found that d electrons transfer from adsorbate to unoccupied orbitals of metal center contributes mainly to H2S chemisorption on Zn-BTC and Co-BTC, while for CO2 and CH4 adsorption, non-bonded interactions predominate. Most of the gases coordinate to coordinatively unsaturated site of BTC MOF cluster at axial position, indicating a stronger interaction with metal center compared to linkers.
YY1-induced lncRNA00511 promotes melanoma progression via the miR-150- 5p/ADAM19 axis
Authors: Chen yani , Fu Xinrui , Guo Hua , Fu Xinyao , Shi Kesong , Gao Tian , Yu Haiquan
Published: June 2023

Background
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of oncogenic processes, and one such lncRNA is lncRNA511 (LINC00511), which is associated with breast, stomach, lung, and colorectal cancers. However, its specific involvement in melanoma remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the expression and functional role of LINC00511 in melanoma.
Methods
We examined the expression of LINC00511 in melanoma cell lines (A375 and SK-Mel-28) and melanoma tissues obtained from patients. We conducted knockdown experiments to assess the effects of LINC00511 on melanoma cell migration, invasion, and tumor growth in vivo. To investigate LINC00511 transcription regulators, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Additionally, we analyzed the subcellular localization of LINC00511 and confirmed that its interaction with microRNA-150-5p (miR-150-5p) by RNA immunoprecipitation assay (RIP), miRNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, we conducted rescue assays to validate our findings, namely on the LINC00511/miR-150-5p/ADAM19 axis and its impact on the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Results
LINC00511 was found to be highly expressed in melanoma cell lines and patient tissues. Knockdown of LINC00511 resulted in the inhibition of melanoma cell migration, invasion, and subcutaneous tumor growth in vivo. Yin Yang 1 (YY1) was identified as the transcription factor responsible for LINC00511 upregulation. Furthermore, LINC00511 was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm and exhibited direct interaction with miR-150-5p. Knockdown of miR-150-5p rescued the effects of LINC00511 silencing on melanoma cells. Moreover, we identified ADAM19 as a downstream target of miR-150-5p, its overexpression promoted melanoma cell proliferation. Rescue assays confirmed that LINC00511 acted as a competing endogenous RNA, sponging miR-150-5p and increasing ADAM19 expression, culminating in activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Conclusion
This study establishes LINC00511 as an oncogenic lncRNA in melanoma and defines the novel LINC00511/miR-150-5p/ADAM19 axis, which represents a promising therapeutic target for melanoma treatment. Further investigations targeting this axis hold potential for improving outcomes in melanoma patients.
Exposure to hyperoxemia worsens survival and neurological outcome in patients supported by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a meta-analysis
Authors: Tigano Stefano , Caruso Alessandro , Liotta Calogero , Via Luigi La , Vargas Maria , Romagnoli Stefano , Giovanni Landoni , Sanfilippo FILIPPO
Published: June 2023

Background Veno-arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a rescue treatment in refractory cardiogenic shock (CS) or refractory cardiac arrest (CA). Exposure to hyperoxemia is common during VA-ECMO, and its impact on patient’s outcome remains unclear. Methods We conducted a systematic review (PubMed and Scopus) and metanalysis investigating the effects of exposure to hyperoxemia on mortality and poor neurological outcome in patients supported by VA-ECMO. Whenever provided, we used the Odds Ratio (OR) adjusted for confounders. Results are reported as OR and 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analyses were conducted according to VA-ECMO indication and hyperoxemia thresholds. Results Data from 11 observational studies were included. Ten studies reported data on mortality (6 on refractory CA and 4 on CS), and 4 on neurological outcome. Hyperoxemia exposure was associated with higher mortality (OR:1.81, 95%CI [1.22–2.71]; p = 0.003; I2 = 81%) and worse neurological outcome (OR:1.97, 95%CI [1.30–2.96]; p = 0.001; I2 = 0%). Magnitude and effect of these findings remained valid in subgroup analyses conducted according to different hyperoxemia thresholds (> 200 or > 300 mmHg) and VA-ECMO indication, although the association with mortality remained uncertain in the refractory CA population (p = 0.07). Analysis restricted only to studies providing data in adjusted OR confirmed the increased mortality (OR:1.72, 95%CI [1.00-2.97]; p = 0.05) and poorer neurological outcome (OR:1.99, 95%CI [1.18–3.37]; p = 0.01) in patients exposed to hyperoxemia. Conclusions Hyperoxemia exposure after initiation of VA-ECMO is associated with an almost doubled increased probability of poor neurological outcome and mortality. Clinical efforts should be made to avoid severe hyperoxemia during VA-ECMO support.
Comparative study on ABCB1-dependent efflux of anthracyclines and their metabolites: consequences for cancer resistance
Authors: Piska Kamil , Koczurkiewicz-Adamczyk Paulina , Jamrozik Marek , Bucki Adam , Kołaczkowski Marcin , Pękala Elżbieta
Published: June 2023

Purpose
ABC transporters are transmembrane proteins involved in ATP-dependent translocation of organic compounds across cellular membranes. Among them, ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein, MDR1) transporter is one of the most important involved in cancer multi-drug resistance. It also plays a significant role in cancer resistance against anthracyclines, an anticancer group of drugs, including doxorubicin and daunorubicin. Carbonyl reductases and aldo-keto reductases metabolize anthracyclines to carbonyl-reduced, hydroxy metabolites, which have impaired cytotoxic properties. However, metabolites efflux by ABCB1 transporter is not well characterized, while it may be the mechanism responsible for the metabolites' lack of activity.
Methods
In this study recombinant ABCB1 ATPase transporter assay; anthracyclines accumulation assay in resistant cells overexpressing ABCB1; and molecular modeling were used to investigate anthracyclines: doxorubicin and daunorubicin and their carbonyl-reduced metabolites (doxorubicinol, daunorubicinol) susceptibility for ABCB1-dependent efflux.
Results
Based on the kinetics parameters of ATPase activity of ABCB1, it was found that daunorubicinol exerted an exceptionally high potential for being effluxed by the ABCB1 transporter. ABCB1 was found to significantly affect the accumulation pattern of studied chemicals in resistant cancer cells. Doxorubicin and daunorubicin accumulation was influenced by the activity of ABCB1 modulator – valspodar.
Conclusions
Results indicate that ABCB1 activity affects not only anthracyclines but also their metabolites. The effect of ABCB1 on metabolites may be even higher than for parent anthracyclines. Therefore crosstalk between the process of anthracyclines metabolism and metabolites efflux may be the mechanism of impairing anticancer properties of anthracyclines metabolites.
Efficient and green deodorization of sea cucumber peptides by using a low concentration of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Liu Biying , Su Yongwang , Lv Daofei , Xu Feng , Zhang Yan , Chen Xin , Yuan Wenbing
Published: June 2023

Deodorization of sea cucumber peptides (SCPs) is of great significance due to their potential applications as functional food, anti-fatigue products, skin care products, and cosmetics, etc.; currently, however, there is a lack of a proven way to achieve it. Herein, we develop a safe, green, efficient, and low-cost approach to deodorizing SCPs with a low concentration of medical-grade hydrogen peroxide. The effects of hydrogen peroxide treatment on the deodorization of SCPs including concentration, reaction time, and temperature were studied here. Intensities of the fishy aftertaste of SCPs were rated by sensory evaluation in single-factor and orthogonal experiments. The deodorization experimental conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiments. The experimental results show that the best deodorization conditions of SCPs in the presence of hydrogen peroxide are as follows: the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 816.2 mmol∙L-1, the deodorization temperature and time is 35°C and 30 min respectively, and the sensory evaluation of the obtained-product is 1.4. And the contents of the total nitrogen and the amino acid nitrogen of these deodorized SCPs are stable. Correspondingly, the moisturizer containing deodorized SCPs is highly stable and has significantly less fishy odor than a moisturizer containing untreated SCPs.
Assembly nanoparticle arrays decorated with ultrathin AAO nanopores for highly sensitive SERS substrate
Authors: Dong Jun , Li Chenlu , Wang Yan , Cao Yi , Fan Yimeng , Han Qingyan , Gao Wei , Wang Yongkai , Qi Jianxia , Sun Mengtao
Published: June 2023

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is widely employed because it offers quick, microscopic, and traceless detection. This study used high-voltage and low-voltage ultrasonic oscillation to embed precious metal nanoparticles into the pores of chemically modified ultra-thin anodic alumina (AAO) films, resulting in a highly sensitive three-dimensional SERS substrate. We improve the substrate's stability and Raman activity by adjusting the particle alloy ratio. For the substrate in this alloy ratio, the Raman signal of probe molecules (Rh6G) adsorbed on the substrate surface is enhanced. the enhancement factor (EF) was as high as 1.40×107, the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10.6%, and the concentration of Rh6G shows a linear relationship with Raman intensity, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.961. In addition, we evaluated the substrate's detection effect on thiram molecules, surprisingly, the catalytic effect of the substrate on PATP molecules was discovered during this process. It has been proven that this structure has both good plasmon photocatalytic properties and good practicality and high sensitivity as a Raman enhanced substrate.
Predictive value of the number of metastatic lymph nodes and lymph node ratio on the prognosis of patients with FIGO 2018 stage IIICp cervical cancer: a multi-center retrospective study
Authors: Ye Yanna , Li Zhiqiang , Chen Xiaolin , Huang Yahong , Yao Jilong , Lu Anwei , Lang Jinghe , Liu Ping , Chen Chunlin
Published: June 2023

Purpose
To identify the cut-off values for the number of metastatic lymph nodes (nMLN) and lymph node ratio (LNR) that can predict outcomes in patients with FIGO 2018 IIICp cervical cancer (CC).
Methods
Patients with CC who underwent radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy were identified for a propensity score-matched (PSM) cohort study. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the critical nMLN and LNR values. Five-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were compared using the Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses.
Results
This study included 3,135 CC patients with stage FIGO 2018 IIICp from 47 Chinese hospitals between 2004 and 2018. Based on ROC curve analysis, the cut-off values for nMLN and LNR were 3.5 and 0.11, respectively. The final cohort consisted of nMLN ≤ 3 (n = 2,378) and nMLN > 3 (n = 757) groups and LNR ≤ 0.11 (n = 1,748) and LNR > 0.11 (n = 1,387) groups. Significant differences were found in survival between the nMLN ≤ 3 vs. the nMLN > 3 (post-PSM, OS: 76.8% vs. 67.9%, P = 0.003; hazard ratio [HR]: 1.411, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.108–1.798, P = 0.005; DFS: 65.5% vs. 55.3%, P < 0.001; HR: 1.428, 95% CI: 1.175–1.735, P < 0.001), and the LNR ≤ 0.11 and LNR > 0.11 (post-PSM, OS: 82.5% vs. 76.9%, P = 0.010; HR: 1.407, 95% CI: 1.103–1.794, P = 0.006; DFS: 72.8% vs. 65.1%, P = 0.002; HRs: 1.347, 95% CI: 1.110–1.633, P = 0.002) groups.
Conclusion
This study found that nMLN > 3 and LNR > 0.11 were associated with poor prognosis in CC patients.
CO2/CH4 glow discharge plasma. Part II: Study of plasma catalysis interaction mechanisms on CeO2
Authors: Garcia-Soto Carolina A. , Baratte Edmond , Silva Tiago , Guerra Vasco , Parvulescu Vasile I. , Guaitella Olivier
Published: June 2023

In situ FTIR transmission experiments for CO2 and CO2-CH4 plasma were performed for a fundamentalstudy of surface plasma interaction with cerium oxide (CeO2) as catalytic surface. Utilizing a DC glow dischargeplasma reactor at low pressure, it was observed that CO2 gas adsorbs in the surface forming tridentatecarbonates and hydrogen carbonates. When CO2-CH4 plasma is ignited, formate species were formed whilecarbonate species disappeared from the surface. The CeO2 pellet has also been placed downstream the plasmain order to observe the role of the gas composition at the exit of CO2-CH4 plasma on CeO2 without any heatingor strong electric field. In addition, the effect of water was investigated in several surface phenomena. OH groups play an important role in the reaction with tridentate carbonates to generate formates under plasma.The gas phase chemistry of the CO2-CH4 plasma used here has been described in details in the part I of this work. The conclusions drawn on the gas phase contribute to the understanding of the observed phenomenaon CeO2. These results enlighten the complex mechanisms occurring during CO2-CH4 plasma reactions onsurfaces that could help in the improvement of CO2 recycling.
Shaping Exciton Dynamics in 2D Semiconductors by Tailored Ultrafast Pulses
Authors: Meron Omri , Arieli Uri , Bahar Eyal , Deb Swarup , Shalom Moshe Ben , Haim Suchowski
Published: June 2023

Excitonic resonances in two-dimensional semiconductors play a crucial role in enhancing nonlinear light-matter interactions. However, the influence of resonant dynamics on the time-dependent behavior of these nonlinear effects has received little attention, as optical wave-mixing is commonly assumed to be instantaneous. In this study, we investigate the impact of excited state dynamics on the generation of second and third-order nonlinearities from Monolayer WSe2 in ambient conditions. By shaping a sub-10fs driving pulse to complement the exciton resonant dynamics, we demonstrate a significant enhancement of four-wave-mixing beyond what is achieved using a transform-limited pulse. Conversely, a time-reversed pulse shape leads to destructive quantum interference effects, suppressing nonlinear generation. We apply this technique simultaneously to two successive exciton states, showcasing the selective choice in the resonant state that produces nonlinearity. The ability to control nonlinear carrier dynamics in two-dimensional semiconductors holds promise for remote noninvasive optical manipulation in optoelectronic devices.
Atlantic Coast water quality in Santa Catarina (Southern Brazil): multivariate analysis and influence of land use and occupation
Authors: Leite Camila Marcon Carvalho , Girardi Rubia , Costa Thiago Guimarães , Sánchez Gerly Mattos , Piazza Gustavo Antonio , Constante Vinicius Tavares
Published: June 2023

This study analyzed data from the quarterly analysis of water quality monitoring in the State of Santa Catarina (Southern Brazil) from the Qualiágua Program. The results of collections carried out in 2019–2021 of 23 analytical parameters in 40 municipalities that comprise the Santa Catarina State coastal slope are presented. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique was applied to the analyzed parameters to verify those that refer to the same sources of contamination and the correlations between them. The data on land use and occupation of the hydrographic basins of each monitoring point were also analyzed complementarily, using data from MonitoraSC. The results showed that the parameters: electrical conductivity, total and dissolved solids and chloride concentration are responsible for most of the data variability, having more influence at monitoring points close to the ocean. On the other hand, nitrate and turbidity are influenced by soil management. Finally, total phosphorus, ammoniacal nitrogen and thermotolerant coliforms had a greater relationship with points that are influenced by urban areas. The PCA analysis was successfully used in establishing these relationships at the points analyzed along the coast in Santa Catarina State. The results obtained will help inspection and decision-making processes related to public policies for water uses in the State and can be used for other locations.
Body measurement changes in adults with pectus excavatum after the Nuss procedure: A study of 272 patients
Authors: Htut Nay , Tzeng I-Shiang , Fan Yu-Jiun , Cheng Yeung-Leung
Published: June 2023

Background
Pectus excavatum is the most common congenital abnormality of the chest wall. Most patients with pectus excavatum have slim bodies. Some studies have been conducted on the physical growth of children and adolescents who underwent the Nuss procedure. This study aimed to evaluate body measurement changes in adult patients with pectus excavatum after the Nuss procedure.
Methods
A total of 272 adult pectus excavatum patients, who underwent the Nuss procedure and pectus bars removal from August 2014 to December 2020, were evaluated retrospectively. Body measurements [body height, body weight (BW), and body mass index (BMI)] of the patients were collected before Nuss repair and after bar removal. Associations between changes in body measurements and clinical and radiological features were evaluated.
Results
BW and BMI were significantly increased after pectus bar removal compared to preoperative parameters (62.3 ± 9.7 kg vs 60.8 ± 8.3 kg, P < 0.01 and 20.4 ± 2.6 vs 20.1 ± 2.4, P = 0.01, respectively). In further analysis, young males (< 30 years, n = 226) or those with more severe deformity (Haller index in CT ≥ 4, n = 104), had a significant improvement in BW and BMI (62.2 ± 8.9 kg vs 60.1 ± 7.1 kg, P < 0.01 and 20.4 ± 2.6 vs 19.9 ± 2.1, P < 0.01; 62.9 ± 9.7 kg vs 60 ± 8.3 kg, P < 0.01 and 20.5 ± 2.6 vs 20 ± 2.4, P < 0.01, respectively) after removal of the bar.
Conclusions
BW and BMI were significantly increased after completing surgical correction of pectus excavatum using the Nuss procedure, in young adult males or patients with more pronounced deformities.
Cloning and expression the nisin gene in Lactobacillus plantarum Running title: Cloning and expression of nisin gene
Authors: Ahmad Mohsen Ali , Tukmechi Amir , Ownagh Abdulghaffar
Published: June 2023

Currently, researchers are exploring the capability of lactic acid bacteria to produce therapeutic molecules through the use of living microorganisms. This study aims to clone the nisin gene in Lactobacillus plantarium. The process involves isolating the nisin gene from Lactococcus lactis and transferring it to a pET-21a(+) plasmid. To achieve this, the nisin gene and plasmid were cut using BamHI and HinIII enzymes in an enzymatic environment. Moreover, the T4 ligase enzyme was employed to ligation of the nisin gene and plasmid together. To increase the number of plasmids, they were cloned in E. coli DH5α prior to introducing the nisin gene. The multiplication of bacteria helped to increase the plasmid count. Afterward, heat shock was used to transfer the plasmid into L. plantarium. Following this, the bacteria were grown in a culture medium that contained ampicillin. Only those bacteria with the pET-21a(+) plasmid were able to grow due to their possession of the ampicillin resistance gene. Sequencing was performed on the obtained clones, confirming the presence of the desired gene. PCR reaction was used to confirm the cloning, and the study demonstrated that nisin protein can be expressed functionally in L. plantarium, increasing its antimicrobial activity. This opens up the possibility of producing nisin as a recombinant protein in Lactobacillus plantarum. Finally, the genes of E. coli, L. plantarum, and Lactobacillus lactis were registered in the World Gene Bank with the numbers OQ674135, OQ674136, and OP546029 respectively.
Impact of metformin on the all-cause mortality of diabetic patients hospitalized with acute heart failure: An observational study using acute heart failure registry data
Authors: Chun Kyeong-Hyeon , Oh Jaewon , Lee Chan Joo , Park Jin Joo , Lee Sang Eun , Kim Min-Seok , Cho Hyun-Jai , Choi Jin-Oh , Lee Hae-Young , Hwang Kyung-Kuk , Kim Kye Hun , Yoo Byung-Su , Choi Dong-Ju , Baek Sang Hong , Jeon Eun-Seok , Kim Jae-Joong , Cho Myeong-Chan , Chae Shung Chull , Oh Byung-Hee , Kang Seok-Min
Published: June 2023

Background
Although the hypothesis that metformin is beneficial for patients with diabetes and heart failure (HF) has been steadily raised, there is limited data on metformin use in patients with acute HF. We investigated the impact of metformin on all-cause mortality in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes and acute HF.
Methods
The Korean Acute Heart Failure registry enrolled patients hospitalized for acute HF from 2011 to 2014. Among this cohort, we analyzed patients with diabetes with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30 ml/min/1.73m2 or more. We retrospectively investigated the all-cause mortality at 1 year after discharge. Inverse probability treatment weighting method was used to adjust baseline differences on metformin treatment.
Results
The study analyzed data from 1,309 patients with diabetes (mean age 69 years, 56% male). Among them, 613 (47%) patients were on metformin. During the median follow-up period of 11 months, 132 (19%) and 74 (12%) patients not receiving and receiving metformin treatment died, respectively. The all-cause mortality rate was lower in metformin users than in non-users (hazard ratio 0.616 [0.464–0.819], P < 0.001). HF readmission rate was not significantly different. After adjustment, metformin was significantly associated with a lower risk for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 0.677 [0.495–0.928], P-value = 0.015). In subgroup analyses, this association remains significant irrespective of baseline kidney function (eGFR < 60 or ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73m2, P-for-interaction = 0.176) or left ventricular ejection fraction (< 40%, 40–49%, or ≥ 50%, P-for-interaction = 0.224).
Conclusions
Metformin treatment at the time of admission was associated with a lower risk for 1-year all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes, hospitalized for acute HF.
High-temperature cyclic oxidation of conventional CSZ and CSZ + MoSi 2 self-healing thermal barrier coatings at 1100 °C
Authors: Keyvani Ahmad , Soltani Peiman , Bahamirian Milad
Published: June 2023

Cyclic oxidation in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) based on ZrO2 with MoSi2 + Al2O3 has gained increasing attention. The present study the atmospheric plasma spray (APS) process was used for applying a new dual-layer TBC (CSZ: ZrO2-25 wt.% CeO2-2.5 wt.% Y2O3 / MAC: MoSi2 + Al2O3 + CSZ) with enhanced oxidation resistance compared to the single-layer CSZ. CSZ/MAC and CSZ TBCs on NiCrAlY (bond coat) to nickel-based superalloy (IN738LC). The self-healing effects of the MAC overlayer were studied at 720°C for 5 and 10 h. The high-temperature cyclic oxidation tests were performed at 1100°C for 4 h in each cycle in an air-electric furnace and the samples were cooled during each cycle in the furnace. The role of MAC over layer in the improvement of the oxidation behaviour of CSZ was investigated through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM/EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The coating was healed during the oxidation process due to the reaction of healing particles (MoSi2) on the surface of the sample with oxygen through the cracks at temperatures above 720°C. The MAC coatings showed improved oxygen diffusion resistance due to the filling and sealing effect. Thus, there is a low partial pressure of oxygen at the interface of BC-CSZ in the CSZ/MAC samples than in the CSZ samples. The low partial pressure of oxygen resulted in a slow growth rate of TGO, resulting in the improved oxidation and spallation resistance of the CSZ/MAC coatings. The results showed the higher oxidation resistance of dual-layer CSZ/MAC compared to the single-layer CSZ coating. Results of the study indicate that the MAC layer over the CSZ layer increased the coatings’ oxidation resistance for extended periods by preventing oxygen infiltration into the CSZ layer.
Screening for Iron Deficiency among Pregnant Women
Authors: AlQurashi Wejdan S. , Abdulgader Reham A. , Gari Rawan A. , Badawi Maha A.
Published: June 2023

Objective
Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are extremely common in females in Saudi Arabia and are highly prevalent in pregnancy. The Saudi MOH Mother Health Passport recommends that pregnant women undergo testing for complete blood count and ferritin in every trimester. In this project, our goals were to describe practices of screening pregnant women for ID or IDA during pregnancy and to identify the prevalence of anemia and IDA in the study population, along with prescribed treatments.
Methods
In this retrospective study, all women who delivered in an academic tertiary care center from January to March 2022 were identified. From these, the study population included all patients who had at least 2 antenatal visits in the same center. Women with inflammatory conditions or inherited blood disorders were excluded. Data about gravidity and parity, results of testing of hemoglobin and iron profile, specially ferritin, were retrieved from health records. Records were also reviewed to identify patients who were prescribed iron (orally or intravenously) or received a blood transfusion.
Results
The study included 336 women. 591 (51.5%) hemoglobin tests were performed during pregnancy for the study sample, which represents a 50% gap in comparison with MOH recommendations of measuring Hb in every trimester. The overall prevalence of anemia was 28.6%, 12.2% in the first trimester, 37.2% in the second trimester, and 36.3% in the third trimester. Ferritin was measured in less than 5% of patients, and most women had ferritin levels below 15 ng/ml.
Conclusions
Screening practices for IDA and ID among pregnant women are suboptimal, and the prevalence of both entities is substantial. The development of detailed national guidelines for screening and managing ID and IDA in pregnancy is recommended.
Evaluation of Tear Film Break-Up Time after First-Time Wearing of Verofilcon A Silicone Hydrogel, 1-day Disposable Contact Lenses: FTVeA study
Authors: Misu Naoko , Mimura Tatsuya , Noma Hidetaka , Kawashima Makoto , Mizuno Yoshinobu , Yamaguchi Masao , Shinbo Koichiro , Inoue Yuji
Published: June 2023

Purpose
The dryness and discomfort associated with soft contact lenses (SCLs) prevent their continued use. Recently, verofilcon A, a new daily disposable silicone hydrogel material SCL, was introduced, which has a high-water content (surface water content of 80% or more) that overcomes the low water content drawback of silicone hydrogels. Furthermore, the surface treatment with SMARTSURFACE® Technology is expected to improve water-wettability during SCL wear. In this study, we evaluated the non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT) and comfort level in individuals wearing verofilcon A SCL for the first time.
Methods
We enrolled 42 first-time SCL wearers, comprising 84 eyes. NIBUT was measured using the DR-1α® dry eye observation device, at the state of the naked eye before SCL wear (baseline), and at 1 and 4 weeks after the first SCL wear. Additionally, we conducted a questionnaire survey during the fourth week to assess the comfort level (0–10) of SCL wear.
Results
The NIBUT values were significantly higher at 1 week (10.8 ± 2.2 s, p < 0.01) and 4 weeks (11.4 ± 2.2 s, p < 0.01) after the first SCL wear than those at baseline (5.9 ± 2.0 s). Comfort level in SCL use was significantly higher at 1 week (9.0 ± 1.1, p < 0.01) and 4 weeks (8.7 ± 1.2, p < 0.01) than that at baseline (7.8 ± 1.8), and this level was higher regardless of the baseline NIBUT value.
Conclusion
Prolonged BUT and increased comfort levels were observed in individuals wearing verofilcon A SCLs. Improvement in tear fluid retention was found to alleviate dry eye and discomfort, suggesting that verofilcon A may be a beneficial introductory lens for the first-time SCl wearers.
Trial registration number and date: UMIN registration numbers: UMIN000041107 (July/15/2020) and UMIN000042265 (October/28/2020)
Metagenomic insights into the structure and function of the soil microbiome in typical ecological regions across China
Authors: Li Yuqiang Q. , Duan Yulong L. , Wu Fasi , Zhao Jianhua , Luo Chun , Zhang Junbiao , Chen Yun , Wang Lilong , Wang Xuyang , Li Yulin , Jia Rongliang
Published: June 2023

The structure and functioning of soil microbiomes in the eco-regions of China remain largely undetermined. Thus, we report on a comprehensive, continental-scale metagenomic study of topsoil samples (0–20 cm depth; n = 41 locations) collected from six eco-regions of China. A total of 54.7 million non-redundant genes were deposited in our metagenomic libraries and could be assigned to 105 taxonomic phyla, consisting of 82 bacterial, 12 archaea, 10 eukaryota phyla, and 1 virus phylum. Of these, the bacteria as represented by Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria dominated the metagenomic libraries across all samples. A total of 76 differentially abundant KEGG pathways spanning the six eco-regions could be classified into 23 classes, these chiefly concerning carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, energy metabolism, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, replication and repair, and lipid metabolism. According to the KEGG database, we identified six CAZyme-encoding genes (GHs, GTs, PLs, CEs, AAs, and CBMs) involved in the decomposition and biosynthesis of SOC (soil organic carbon); 41 KOs of seven clusters—nitrogen (N) fixation, nitrification, denitrification, DNRA, ANRA, N transport, and organic N metabolism—encoding enzymes critical for N cycling; and 21 KOs of three clusters (ASR, DSR, and thiosulfate oxidation) encoding enzymes crucial to sulfur (S) cycling, from all samples across the six regions. In addition, the functional gene abundance related to the cycling of SOC, N, and S were associated with the NDVI, soil properties, and climatic variables. Among these, SOC (both for SOC and S cycling) and MAP (for N cycling) as being two dominant drivers on the functional gene abundance distribution pattern. Altogether, these findings advance our understanding of the soil microbial functional characteristics of typical eco-regions across China.