bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Floating Net Cages on The Carrying Capacity of The Darma Reservoir
Authors: Tribhuwana Awliya , Muttaqin Zaenal , Farhan Ohan
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Darma Reservoir functions as a reservoir for irrigation, fisheries, and recreational and sports facilities. Currently, it only functions for irrigation and fish farming by floating net ponds. The development of floating net frameworks was so rapid that it conflicted with reservoir management. This study aims to determine the density of the floating net framework of the sedimentation conditions of the Darma Reservoir and to determine the development of the sedimentation rate of the Darma Reservoir in relation to the service life of the reservoir characterized by reduced dead storage. The first step was carried out by surveying the presence of the number of floating net cages, the distribution of the feed, the percentage of feed demand, the carrying capacity of the reservoir, then a topographic survey of the depth of the Darma reservoir to determine the capacity, rate and volume of sediment deposits. This study used quantitative approach, it began with distributing questionnaire forms and measuring the depth of the reservoir. The current condition of floating net cages is 4916 occupying 5.819% of the inundation area of 312.15 ha with an elevation of 712.50 m, while floating net cages are allowed according to the carrying capacity of Darma Reservoir waters amounting to 1,021. tons / harvest while the spawning pond is 3.483 tons/harvest. The volume of normal active storage for elevation 712.50 in 2020 is 28.086 million m3, while the volume of sediment deposits is 9.262 million m3 32.98%, the average sediment rate in the reservoir from 1988 to 2020 is 0.2894 million m3/year, while the sediment rate in catchment area Dam Dharma with an area of 23.5 km2 of 71.873 mm/year. Sedimentation in the Darma Reservoir has exceeded the limit of the base elevation of the reservoir, the elevation of the dead reservoir and the lowest elevation, but the reservoir is still functional. The planning life of the darma reservoir is up to 50 years, the suitability of the initial planning of operations in 1970 with operations until 2020.
Experimental Study of Pull-Out Failure on Sanko Hammer Drive Anchor Using Cast in Place and Post-Installed Methods on Ready-mix Concrete with Quality of 25 Mpa
Authors: Apriyatno Henry , Supriyono Supriyono , Taveriyanto Arie
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Anchor serves to connect steel and concrete construction that can transfer steel pull-out load to concrete. Sanko hammer drive anchor usually has been available in the model of expansion that can be installed into concrete with cast in place and post installed methods. The experiment was aimed at comparing pull out failures of Sanko hammer drive expansion anchor using cast in place and post installed installation methods based on pull-out failure behavior. Experimental data were obtained from the pull-out strength test of Sanko hammer drive expansion anchor, compressive strength test and ready-mix concrete split tensile test, adhesion strength test and group anchor pull-out test which consists of four units of anchor with diameter of 10 mm planted 90 mm depth on T concrete beams with dimension of 300 mm x 300 mm x 150 mm as many as three beams for each of them using cast in place and post installed installation methods. The results of the experiment showed that concrete compressive tension value (fâ€™c) is 25.69 MPa, anchor tension value (fu) is 383.25 MPa, anchor adhesion tension value (Î¼) with cast in place method is 2.25 MPa and post installed method is 1.56 MPa. Theoretically, the damage occurred in pull-out condition; while in the experiment, the test showed a difference in pull-out capacity using cast in place installation method of 38.38 kN with deformation of 13.81 mm, which is higher than theoretical value of 26,083 kN and using post installed method of 36.62 kN with deformation of 8.89 mm, which is higher than theoretical value of 18,084 kN and the experiment indicates that the anchor is perfectly pull-out.
Early and Mid-Term Results After Repair of Ischaemic Mitral Regurgitation with Complete Annuloplasty Ring and Incomplete Ring
Authors: Soliman Rafik , Mena Morad Beshay , ElKersh Ahmed Mokhtar , Al Nasser Faisl , Sandogji Hasan Ibrahim , Abdelrehim Ayman Ramadan Elmeghawry
Published: July 2021

Background: The choice of ring type for mitral valve (MV) repair is still debatable and usually is left to the surgeon's discretion.
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the early and mid-term results after repair of ischaemic mitral regurgitation (MR) with complete and incomplete annuloplasty rings.
Methods: Collected data included preoperative assessment (age, sex, comorbidities, clinical status, NYHA grade, and the EURO score); intraoperative details (echocardiography, degree of MR, and cross-clamp time); and results (the length of ICU and hospital stay, duration and need for inotropes, duration of mechanical ventilation, and postoperative adverse events). Follow up after discharge included assessment of dyspnea status, the degree and progression of MR, and left ventricular function and dimensions.
Results: The present study included 133 patients: 61 with incomplete rings and 72 with complete rings inserted. There was no significant difference in the rate of postoperative complications between the two groups, apart from a significantly higher percentage of patients with incomplete ring who required prolonged ventilation >24 hours (P = 0.002). There were no significant differences between the two groups, regarding the grade of residual MR (P = 0.464), postoperative dyspnea status (P = 0.723), 30-day mortality rate (P = 0.687), and mean duration of survival (P = 0.276).
Conclusion: The choice of incomplete or complete annuloplasty ring was not associated with a marked difference in the early and midterm results of ischaemic MV repair.
Leg Wound Complications: A Comparison Between Endoscopic and Open Saphenous Vein Harvesting Techniques
Authors: Mubarak Yasser , Abdeljawad Ahmed
Published: July 2021

Background: The most common conduit for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is saphenous vein graft (SVG). There are two techniques for SVG harvesting: open and endoscopic. Our aim is to evaluate clinical results of endoscopic versus open SVG harvesting. Nowadays, endoscopic vein harvesting (EVH) has become prevalent because of reduced complications with more patient satisfaction.
Objective: We designed and performed a prospective randomized cohort study of patients undergoing CABG to compare the results of open versus endoscopic harvesting technique.
Methods: Patients who underwent elective CABG at our hospitals were divided into two groups, during the period of January 2019 to March 2021. The EVH group (50 patients) underwent endoscopic technique compared with the open vein harvesting (OVH) group (50 patients) that was underwent open surgical incision for great saphenous vein (GSV) harvesting. The two groups demographically were similar and received identical management. Leg wound was evaluated at discharge, two weeks, and four weeks for evidence of any complications. Early outcomes were recorded, including infection, gaped wound and surgical re-suture, degree of pain, level of cosmetic satisfaction, and early mobilization.
Results: In the EVH group, harvesting time increased, and incision closure time decreased in comparison with OVH. The hospital stay was 5.5 ± 2.4 days in the EVH group versus 9.5 ± 2.7 days in the OVH group. Leg wound complications were significantly reduced in the EVH group in comparison with the OVH group.
Conclusions: Endoscopic vein harvesting technique reduced leg wound complications. Conveniently, patients also were cosmetically satisfied.
Образ жінки в маніфесті В. де Сен-Пуан «Manifeste de la femme futuriste. Réponse à F. T. Marinetti»
Authors: Рега Данило
Published: July 2021

Мета. Статтю присвячено аналізу образу жінки в маніфесті французької письменниці Валентіни де Сен-Пуан. Дослідницька методика. Для дослідження використано біографічний і зіставний методи дослідження. Використання цих методів дозволило проаналізувати взаємозв’язки між італійською і французькою літературами на початку ХХ ст., а також навести «причинність» появи першого маніфесту італійського футуризму в Франції. Результати. З’ясовано специфіку поглядів французької представниці футуризму В. де Сен-Пуан щодо жінки та її ролі в суспільстві, виходячи з загальних постулатів футуризму. Відзначені як спільні, так і відмінні типологічні риси в вищезгаданому аспекті. Наукова новизна. Вперше в вітчизняному літературознавстві звертається увага на творчість В. де Сен-Пуан, а також вперше перекладаються її маніфести українською мовою. Практичне значення. Дана стаття може бути використана для подальшого дослідження історії і теорії футуризму, а також його зіставлень із іншими мистецькими напрямами. Наукові результати дослідження можуть бути використані під час написання курсових, дипломних і інших наукових проектів.
Літературознавча полоністика на кафедрі світової літератури і порівняльного літературознавства Прикарпатського національного університету імені Василя Стефаника (Бібліографія праць з 1997 до початку 2020 року)
Authors: Козлик Ігор
Published: July 2021

У бібліографічному покажчику представлено науковий і навчально-методичний доробок працівників кафедри світової літератури і порівняльного літературознавства у галузі літературознавчої полоністики у період з 1997 року, тобто з часу першої публікації після відкриття на Факультеті філології ПНУ імені Василя Стефаника відділення полоністики й аспірантури з порівняльного літературознавства при кафедрі світової літератури, і до початку 2020 року включно. Джерела розташовані у хронологічному порядку (в межах років в алфавітному порядку) і описані у відповідності до Національного стандарту України ДСТУ 8302:2015. Ключові
Upbringing aspect of literature teaching process in higher education in Ukraine and Poland
Authors: Совіньскі Анджей
Published: July 2021

The author refers to the ideas of the history of pedagogy, which were formed based on the common experience of Ukrainian and Polish people during thewar and Russian domination in the XX century, noting the importance of the activities of two educators: of Vasyl Sukhomlynsky and Aleksandr Kaminsky in the field of science and humanitarian education. This paper analyzes the connections of two scientific disciplines: literary studies and pedagogy, points out its educational aspect. The author clarifies the peculiarities of integration of education and upbringing in higher education and argues the importance of using educational dialogue.
Польський Еміль Вергарн (до історії бельгійсько-польсько-українських літературних зв’язків)
Authors: Кравець Ярема
Published: July 2021

У статті розглядається історія рецепції та перекладання поезії і драматургії бельгійського французькомовного письменника Еміля Вергарна (1855-1916) польськими літераторами і перекладачами кінця ХІХ- першої половини ХХ ст. Метою статті є панорамне висвітлення важливіших епізодів критичного прочитання та інтерпретації літературної спадщини класика бельгійської літератури через акцентування на важливіших підставових проблемах його творчості. Дослідницька методика. У статті використову- ється системний підхід із застосуванням історико-літературознавчого, генетичного та порівняльного методів. На основі цих методів було з’ясовано історію входження окремих зразків поезії та драматургії Еміля Вергарна у польське красне письменство, уточнено причини, що спонукали до зацікавлення конк- ретними художніми текстами. Результати. У дослідженні подано історію польського прочитання окремих творів із поетичної і драматургійної спадщини Еміля Вергарна за період з 1896 р. до 30-х рр. ХХ ст. Говориться також про висвітлення творчості бельгійського поета на сторінках польської періодики зазначеного періоду, зокрема про її прочитання українськими літераторами І. Франком, В. Стефаником, Б.-І. Антоничем. Наукова новизна. Стаття є першою студією в українському літературознавстві про історію польського прочитання поетичної і драматургійної спадщини Еміля Вергарна; окремі елементи цієї проблеми були висвітлені у монографічному дослідженні про перегуки поетичної спадщини бельгійського поета у творчості І. Франка, В. Стефаника та Б.-І. Антонича. Вагомим є акцентування на тій ролі, яку відіграли польські періодичні видання зазначеного періоду для пізнання українськими письмен- никами Галичини творчості Е. Вергарна. Практична вартість. Стаття може стати підґрунтям для глибшого прочитання спадщини видатного бельгійського французькомовного поета, пізнання його поетики в теоретичному і перекладознавчому аспектах.
Сцієнтизм як складова пролетарської літературної концепції (на матеріалі творчості Валер’яна Поліщука)
Authors: Омельчук Олеся
Published: July 2021

Мета – показати вплив науково-природничих ідей та наукових напрямів (наукова організація праці, психотехніка, гемотрансфузія) на розвиток української пролетарської культурної концепції та на літературну діяльність Валер’яна Поліщука. Дослідницька методика: основні принципи академічного історико-літературного підходу. Результати дослідження. У першій половині 1920-х років ідея політичної, культурної та наукової революції були скеровані до єдиної цілі, яка полягала у формуванні нового суспільства пролетарського типу. Сцієнтизм став важливою складовою багатьох мистецьких теорій та практик, набуваючи у різних авторів різних інтерпретацій. Для Поліщука сцієнтизм був засобом пізнання, органічним елементом світогляду, тематичним орієнтиром і смисловим принципом у різножанрових літературних практиках. Власний психофізіологічний стан стає у письменника об’єктом рефлексії та інтегрується у художній текст. Наукова новизна. Вперше в українському літературознавстві враховано, проаналізовано та проілюстровано вплив теорій і практик природничих наук на український літературний процес 1920-х років загалом і на творчість В. Поліщука зокрема. Практичне значення. Стаття розширює розуміння основних тенденцій історико-літературного процесу 1920-х років в Україні та накреслює перспективу для наступних його досліджень в аспекті впливу природничих наук на письменницький світогляд, естетику і художню практику.
Придніпров’я в публіцистиці К. Станюковича і В. Гіляровського
Authors: Гусєва Олена
Published: July 2021

Мета. Аналіз проблематики та жанрово-стильових особливостей подорожнього нарису кінця XIX століття. Як правило, подорожній нарис поєднує в собі риси нарису проблемного, що характерно і для публіцистики К. Станюковича та В. Гіляровського. Дослідницька методика. У статті використані методи узагальнення, аналізу й синтезу, що дозволило реконструювати і дослідити відмінні особливості подорожніх нарисів. Результати дослідження. У статті розглядається публіцистика Костянтина Станюковича і Володимира Гіляровського, які в різний час відвідали Придніпров’я. Постійна присутність на першому плані оповіді авторів, що роз’яснюють, коментують, описують у властивій їм яскравій індивідуальній манері промислове освоєння степового краю, людей, захоплених творчою працею та гарячковою гонитвою за прибутком, надає нарисам особливої динамічності, виразності й разом з тим переконливості документального свідчення. Наукова новизна. Для жанру подорожнього нарису характерна наративна ситуація, обумовлена тотожністю світу оповідача і персонажів; автор-персонаж присутній у розповіді, є учасником та спостерігачем зображуваних подій. Подорожній нарис зазвичай пишеться після завершення подорожі, коли автор виділяє у своєму творі найбільш значущі та яскраві, на його думку, епізоди. Якщо мати на увазі подорожні нариси кінця XIX – початку ХХ століття (і більш пізнього періоду – майже до кінця ХХ століття), то говорити про «чистоту» жанру не доводиться, оскільки, як правило, вони представляють собою синтез із іншими різновидами нарису, наприклад проблемним, портретним і т. ін. Ті ж якості притаманні й нарисам К. Станюковича і В. Гіляровського. Практичне значення. Результати дослідження можуть бути використані в розробці спецкурсів з вивчення жанрів документальної літератури і журналістики. Ключові
Freire como pedagogo intercultural: diálogo, alteridad y lectura crítica del mundo
Authors: Vila Merino Eduardo S. , Sierra Nieto J. Eduardo , Álvarez Jiménez Victoria E.
Published: July 2021

La persona y la obra de Freire han fascinado e inspirado en los últimos 50 años a varias generaciones de educadoras y educadores de todo el planeta. A propósito del centenario de su nacimiento, nos planteamos volver a dialogar con su pensamiento reconociendo a nuestro autor como pedagogo intercultural. En este sentido, el artículo repasa distintas aportaciones a propósito de la sensibilidad intercultural de Freire para, a continuación, desarrollar con más detalle algunos aspectos del pensamiento freireano vinculados con esa dimensión. El artículo finaliza recuperando la consigna freireana de la lectura de la palabra y del mundo, enfocándonos en las relaciones de alteridad desde el prisma intercultural.
Marxist and Personalist influences in Paulo Freire’s pedagogical anthropology
Authors: Valenzano Nicolò
Published: July 2021

Paulo Freire was profoundly influenced by Marxist philosophy and Mounier’s personalism, both in terms of civic engagement, particularly in the constant search for practices of human emancipation, and in specific aspects of his thinking. In this paper, I focus on the legacy of both in Freire’s pedagogical anthropology by drawing from the idea that, in Freire’s works, the point of entry to pedagogical problems is anthropological. In the second and third sections of the paper, I focus on how Freire met Marx and highlight the link between the two thinkers. In the fourth and fifth sections, I analyse the legacy of Latin American personalism in Freire’s pedagogical anthropology. In conclusion, I argue that the originality of Freire’s thinking and its relevance stem from how he mixed the two traditions.
Trabajo por niveles de desempeño cognitivo en el contexto ecuatoriano: ¿Alternativa o necesidad?
Authors: Cano de la Cruz Yullio , Obaco Soto Edgar Efraín , Delgado Mendoza Lianet , Herrera Orosco Génesis Nicole , Romero Gutierrez José Marcelino
Published: July 2021

El desarrollo cognitivo es el conjunto de procesos a través de los cuales el ser humano adquiere habilidades que le permiten interpretar la realidad e interactuar con ella de una forma eficiente, es decir, es la evolución de las capacidades intelectuales que le permite resolver problemas. Desde esta perspectiva, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivos: identificar el nivel de desempeño cognitivo de un grupo de estudiantes de sexto grado; determinar el nivel de conocimientos que tienen los docentes acerca de los estudios de calidad y el trabajo por niveles de desempeño cognitivo; y ofrecer recomendaciones metodológicas que sirvan de orientación para el desarrollo de estos niveles. Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa, siendo un estudio de alcance exploratorio. Se seleccionaron dos muestras. La primera integrada por 55 docentes, a los que se les aplicó una encuesta; y la segunda compuesta de 117 estudiantes de sexto grado a los que se les aplicaron tres cuestionarios. Los resultados demostraron que el mayor porcentaje de los estudiantes se ubica en el nivel más bajo de desempeño cognitivo (primer nivel), mientras que los docentes tienen un deficiente conocimiento acerca de los estudios de calidad educativa y el trabajo por niveles de desempeño cognitivo se realiza con poca frecuencia y de manera aislada, lo que generó la necesidad de ofrecer un conjunto de recomendaciones metodológicas sustentadas en el paradigma cognitivo o de procesamiento de la información.
Acercando el pensamiento de Paulo Freire al profesorado universitario de ingeniería
Authors: Miranda Costa Anna Lúcia , Rekalde Rodríguez Itziar , Vizcarra Morales Maria Teresa
Published: July 2021

Este artículo presenta una investigación sobre la evaluación del aprendizaje que se realizó en una institución de Enseñanza Superior de ingeniería: la Escola Politécnica da Universidade de Pernambuco, Brasil. Se hace referencia a tres fases del estudio y su objetivo es describir aquellas fases en las que más claramente han interactuado las ideas de Paulo Freire en la formación del profesorado, y recoger los efectos que las mismas han tenido sobre su acción. En el estudio han participado 5 docentes, cuya inquietud les dispuso a construir y poner en práctica una metodología de evaluación del aprendizaje de perspectiva formativa y emancipadora, a través de la investigación-acción en la que se han utilizado diferentes técnicas, tales como: entrevistas, diario de la investigadora, cuestionario, y análisis documental. Los resultados subrayan tres fases claves en las que se ha podido identificar con claridad la influencia de las ideas freireanas, a saber: durante el abordaje de la cultura institucional y evaluativa de la Universidad, al dialogar sobre el nuevo enfoque formativo y emancipador para las prácticas de evaluación y, finalmente, al tratar la evaluación formativa y emancipadora en la actualidad en la escuela politécnica. Las conclusiones sugieren que la iniciativa llevada por el grupo de docentes dispuesto a promover la mejora del aprendizaje de su alumnado, ha transformado la institución en un espacio favorable a la innovación educativa. La institucionalización de encuentros pedagógicos promovidos por el grupo investigador se asume como un efecto de las ideas de Freire sobre la acción del profesorado.
Biobased rigid polyurethane foam prepared from apricot stone shell-based polyol for thermal insulation application, Part 1: Synthesis, chemical, and physical properties
Authors: Fidan Muhammed Said , Ertaş Murat
Published: July 2021

Polyurethane foam is one of the most versatile construction insulation materials because of its low density, high mechanical properties, and low thermal conductivity. This study examined biobased rigid polyurethane foam composites from apricot stone shells, which are lignocellulosic residues. The apricot stone shells were liquefied with a PEG-400 (polyethylene glycol-400) and glycerin mixture in the presence of sulfuric acid catalyst at 140 to 160 °C for 120 min. Rigid polyurethane-type foam composites from the reaction were successfully prepared with different chemical components. Biobased polyurethane-type foam composites were successfully produced from the liquefied apricot stone shells. The FTIR spectra of liquefaction products confirmed successful liquefaction of products and that they are sources of hydroxyl groups. The liquefaction yield (81.6 to 96.7%), hydroxyl number (133.5 to 204.8 mg KOH per g), the highest elemental analysis amount (C, H, N, S, O) (62.08, 6.32, 6.12, 0.13, and 25.35%), and density (0.0280 to 0.0482 g per cm3) of the rigid polyurethane foam composites were comparable to foams made from commercial RPUF composites.
The effects of water-based insulation paint applied to laminate flooring panels on the thermal conductivity coefficient and adhesion resistance
Authors: Kabakci Ali , Kesik Haci İsmail
Published: July 2021

In an effort to reduce negative feedback resulting from temperature fluctuations, house floors are commonly laid with laminate flooring. The aim of this study was to study the thermal insulation properties and adhesion strength of the water-based insulation paint mixed with hollow glass spheres and applied onto the laminate flooring. The objective was to determine whether a prepared insulation paint mixture can be used instead of backing paper. For this purpose, two different laminate flooring samples were used. In the first case, the upper surface of the sample was coated with decorative paper and the lining surface was coated with backing paper. The upper surface of the second sample was coated with decorative paper and the lining surface was not coated with backing paper. Then, insulation paint mixture was applied 2, 4, or 6 times to the lining surfaces of both groups, and experimental results were obtained. As the number of layers was increased, the insulation mixture applied to the lining surfaces of the test samples was found to contribute positively to thermal insulation and adhesion resistance of specimens.
Institutional and organizational support of the implementation of smart-specialization model in Ukraine
Authors:   SI ", Storonyanska Iryna ,   Institute of Regional Research named after M.I. Dolishny of the NAS of Ukraine", Zalutsky Ivan ,   SI "Institute of Regional Studies named after MI Dolishny NAS of Ukraine"
Published: July 2021

The problem of formation at the national level of sustainable institutional and organizational support for the implementation of the model of smart specialization on the basis of the rule of law and the implementation of modern European tools is considered. The methodological features of the smart specialization policy in the EU and the practice of its implementation as a basis for the formation of institutional and organizational support for the implementation of such a model in Ukraine are highlighted. The problems and contradictions of the modern mechanism of smart specialization, formed at the secondary level, are revealed. The threat of departure of modern legal regulation of strategic planning of regional development from the European methodology of smart specialization, real risks of monosectoral implementation of smart specialization in the framework of sustainable industrial development and further stagnation of the process of innovative transformation of economic sectors at different administrative levels. Taking into account the need to eliminate the existing significant shortcomings in the institutional and organizational support for the implementation of the smart specialization model, it is proposed to amend a number of laws of Ukraine, which lay the foundation for legally sound and structural legislation functioning at different administrative-territorial levels.
THE CHANGES IN DISTRIBUTION OF NMDA- AND AMPA-RECEPTORS IN RETINOCOLLICULAR SYNAPSES
Authors:   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Dumanska H.V. , Rikchalsky O.V. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Veselovsky N.S. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2021

We investigated the changes in distribution of the NMDA- and AMPA-receptors in the synapses in the in vitro model of the retinocollicular pathway. The model was a primary coculture of the retinal cells and superficial superior colliculus (SSC) neurons. Evoked postsynaptic currents (ePSCs) were recorded in SSC neurons in response to local electrical extracellular stimulation of the afferent retinal ganglion cells’ (RGC) axons. We analyzed the changes in the kinetic characteristics of ePSCs at different holding potentials during cocultivation. The results obtained reflect that NMDA receptors play an essential role in the formation of the retinocollicular synapses. After the formation of retinocollicular connections, the main role in the sensory signal transmission belongs to AMPA receptors. Thus, the data obtained indicate the specific dynamic changes of the functional roles of NMDA- and AMPA-receptors in the forma- tion and development of the retinocollicular synaptic contacts.
Memorial de una reclamación en el suroeste antioqueño: terrenos del río San Juan (Titiribí, 1852)
Authors: Gaviria-Vargas Laura
Published: July 2021

la siguiente transcripción fue parte del acervo documental consultado en una investigación donde se estudió el proceso histórico de formación del resguardo indígena chamí en el suroeste antioqueño durante el siglo XIX, para comprender el establecimiento definitivo y la legalización del territorio de los indígenas. Así pues, este memorial se inserta en un proceso hermenéutico mucho más amplio, centrado, particularmente, en el poblamiento indígena en el territorio del suroeste, en especial, entre los actuales municipios de Andes y Jardín; y de manera general, sobre la ampliación de la frontera en Antioquia y la formación del Estado neogranadino. La revisión de esta fuente busca resaltar la pluralidad de las voces puesto que en la historiografía tradicional antioqueña las peticiones escritas en este discurso se han reducido a una sola voz. Podría decirse que una vez más se desconocieron los testimonios y cuestionamientos que correspondían a toda una comunidad y se ignoró la historia que está detrás de las instituciones, los esfuerzos y las resistencias por las que efectivamente tuvieron que pasar tanto los indígenas que habitaban el suroeste como los otros pobladores que permanecían por fuera de las corporaciones públicas decimonónicas.
Los espacios locales frente al diseño institucional del Estado neogranadino: consulta popular y reforma constitucional, 1841-1843
Authors: Ruiz Paola
Published: July 2021

el artículo analiza la consulta que dirigió el Consejo de Estado en 1841 a una variedad de autoridades ejecutivas, legislativas y judiciales de la Nueva Granada para indagar su opinión respecto a la reforma constitucional y los principios sobre los que debía constituirse el Estado. Ella permitió conocer la manera como se pensaba la ciudadanía, la división de poderes, la forma de gobierno y la representación política desde los espacios locales. Al convocar a la opinión nacional, la consulta planteó también el problema de quién o quiénes eran sus representantes legítimos. Realizada en medio de la guerra civil, esta sirvió para legitimar la reforma del Estado frente a la vía armada que demandaron los caudillos regionales. El artículo aborda de esta manera, la naturaleza y alcance de la consulta, su utilidad como mecanismo de legitimación política y su impacto en el texto constitucional de 1843.
Masculinidades y feminidades: estereotipos, estigmas e identidades colectivas (Latinoamérica en el siglo XX). Del arquetipo al estereotipo. Modelos generizados para normalizar sociedades modernas
Authors: Vallejo Gustavo , Miranda Marisa
Published: July 2021

Presentación del número 41
Montología urbana: ciudades de montaña como enfoque de investigación transdisciplinaria
Authors: Haller Andreas , Borsdorf Axel
Published: July 2021

La montología es un campo de investigación transdisciplinario que se compromete con el desarrollo sostenible de las regiones montañosas en el mundo. Sin embargo, las ciudades de montaña han sido, en ese contexto, escasamente estudiadas. Por este motivo, el objetivo de este capítulo es desarrollar una perspectiva montológica para el estudio de las ciudades de montaña. Una clave para entenderlas es su ubicación geográfica específica tanto en su entorno natural y cultural como en su localización topográfica. Esto, a su vez, está relacionado con los factores de accesibilidad y el alcance de bienes y servicios de ubicación central. De igual modo, el factor de ubicación está vinculado a numerosos factores de riesgo, tales como terremotos, vulcanismo, movimientos de tierras e inundaciones, que son exacerbados por el cambio climático. Además de eso, se presentan otros retos socioculturales que también son importantes para el desarrollo sostenible de las ciudades de montaña como son la peri y la pos-suburbanización, el turismo y la inmigración, entre otros. Para hacer frente a esos retos y lograr sostenibilidad, es necesario un enfoque transdisciplinario que abarque hombre y medioambiente, en el que participen expertos, responsables políticos y población.
TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL PERCEPTION IN PURCHASE CHOICE
Authors:   Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Croatia, Kostelic Katarina
Published: July 2021

Time and space are thoroughly interlinked, not only in human perception, but in everyday life. While it may still be unclear where the time and distance perception originates and what function can be assigned to their relationship, the behavioral point of view demonstrates enough evidence of similar patterns. The aim of this research is to make another step in the direction of connecting those constructs and offer a research example with application. The objective of this research is to examine time and distance preferences in purchase situations where additional unit of time or distance saves respondent's money, and to offer a research example with application in consumer choice. Two sets of survey data of responses to hypothetical situations enable response examination. Descriptive statistical analysis is followed with the cluster analysis, multidimensional scaling and unfolding, and nonparametric tests. The results are discussed in terms of possible extension of the intertemporal choice terminology and findings to the spatio-temporal context. The findings indicate dominant susceptibility to discount amount, but also reveal similarity in responses involving the time and space distances at the similar construal level. Practical implications indicate possibility for application of space and time interchangeably in discount management, which might enable higher flexibility in the supply and decrease the customer clustering on the discount days.
IN- AND OUT-OF-SAMPLE PERFORMANCE OF NONLINEAR MODELS IN INTERNATIONAL PRICE DIFFERENTIAL FORECASTING IN A COMMODITY COUNTRY FRAMEWORK
Authors:   University of Huelva, Spain, Rubino Nicola
Published: July 2021

This paper presents an analysis of a group of small commodity-exporting countries' price differentials relative to the US dollar. Using unrestricted self-exciting threshold autoregressive models (SETAR), we evaluate the sixteen national Consumer Price Indexes (CPI) differentials relative to the US dollar CPI. Out-of-sample forecast accuracy is estimated through calculation of mean absolute errors measures based on the monthly rolling window and recursive forecasts, and this estimation is extended to three additional models, namely a logistic smooth transition regression (LSTAR), an additive nonlinear autoregressive model (AAR), and a simple neural network model (NNET). Our preliminary results confirm the presence of some form of nonlinearity in most of the analyzed countries. The parsimonious AR(1) model does not appear to perform any worse than any nonlinear model in the rolling sample exercise. However, in terms of a longrun equilibrium driven by purchasing power parity, its validity is undermined by the results of the recursive estimates and the outcome of the Diebold-Mariano type tests, which favor generally the Heckscher commodity points theory. As a policy advice to commodity-exporting countries, we find no apparent reason to suggest commodity export price pegging as a generalized foreign exchange policy.
CAN REMITTANCES BOOST TAX REVENUES IN ZIMBABWE? A SECONDARY QUARTERLY TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS
Authors:   North-West University, South Africa, Pasara Michael Takudzwa , Zuze Michael ,   Global Economic Future Insights (GEFI), Zimbabwe
Published: July 2021

The study applied the ordinary least squares (OLS) technique on quarterly time-series data to analyze if remittances can boost tax revenue in Zimbabwe. The main challenge faced in Zimbabwe is the insufficient tax revenues to finance growing public spending needs. Results indicate that the share of remittances both in the current and lagged period significantly influenced income tax revenue and the volume of manufacturing. Trade openness was found to be insignificant. Similar results were also observed for the variables when value-added tax to total revenue was the dependent variable. When lagged variables were taken into account, results showedthat only remittances were significant. Thus, increased remittance inflows have significant potential to generate more taxes for the government through income and consumption taxes. The study recommends the creation of platforms, which stimulate and attract more remittances, such as reducing costs of sending remittances through formal channels. Secondly, good governance and quality institutions provide appropriate economic environment and growth policies. Economic growth fosters increased and sustainable tax due to an increased tax base.
Improvement of Daylight Factor Model for Window Size Optimization and Energy Efficient Building Envelope Designs
Authors:   Laboratory Built in the Environment, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), 16111 Algiers, Algeria, Mebarki Chahrazed , Djakab Essaid ,   Laboratory Built in the Environment, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), 16111 Algiers, Algeria, Mokhtari Abderrahmane Mejedoub ,   Soil Materials and Thermal Laboratory (LMST) University of Science and Technology of Oran Mohammed BOUDIAF, USTOMB – Algeria, Amrane Youssef ,   Laboratory of Electrical and Industrial Systems, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), 16111 Algiers, Algeria, Derradji Lotfi ,   National Center of Studies and Integrated Research of the Building, CNERIB, Algiers, Algeria
Published: July 2021

Based on a new approach for the prediction of the Daylight Factor (DF), using existing empirical models, this research work presents an optimization of window size and daylight provided by the glazed apertures component for a building located in a hot and dry climate. The new approach aims to improve the DF model, considering new parameters for daylight prediction such as the orientation, sky conditions, daytime, and the geographic location of the building to fill in all the missing points that the standard DF, defined for an overcast sky, presents. The enhanced DF model is considered for the optimization of window size based on Non dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA II), for heating and cooling season, taking into account the impact of glazing type, space reflectance and artificial lighting installation. Results of heating and cooling demand are compared to a recommended building model for hot and dry climate with 10% Window to Wall Ratio (WWR) for single glazing. The optimal building model is then validated using a dynamic convective heat transfer simulation. As a result, a reduction of 48% in energy demand and 21.5% in CO2 emissions can be achieved. The present approach provides architects and engineers with a more accurate daylight prediction model considering the effect of several parameters simultaneously. The new proposed approach, via the improved DF model, gives an optimal solution for window design to minimize building energy demand while improving the indoor comfort parameters.
Development and characterization of k-carrageenan (Kappaphycus alvarezii) incorporated bun
Authors: Gopika P. J. , Babu Ninisha , Dinakaran Ammu , Vijayan Divya , Gopal T.K. Srinivasa
Published: July 2021

Functional foods with elevated levels of fibre content are of high demand because of its several health benefits. A study was conducted for the development of fibre enriched bakery products. As a part of this study fibre enriched bun was developed using k-carrageenan (Kappaphycus alvarezii) as the source of fibre. The bun was prepared with the incorporation of various concentrations (2-8%) of -carrageenan powder. Comparative analyses of the physical, chemical, textural, structural and sensorial characteristics of bun were conducted. The highest concentration of k-carrageenan that was sensorily acceptable for incorporation in bun was 6 per cent, beyond which sensory parameters like taste and texture showed unacceptability. Radical scavenging activity assays revealed an improved activity with increased concentration of k-carrageenan.The shelf-life analysis of the sample was done after packing in low density polythene (LDPE) pouches. The present study has demonstratedthat k-carrageenan can be used as a competent constituent for the fortification of bun to utilize the health benefits of marine fibre.
Quality evaluation of cake prepared by utilizing nonconventional millets of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Devi Shalini , Modgil Rajni
Published: July 2021

The present study was conducted to prepare and evaluate the nutritional quality of millet cake. Millet flours were incorporated at 70 per cent level in cakes and their sensory and nutritional properties were evaluated. The results revealed that, incorporation of millet flours in cake significantly increased the contents of ash (1.27 to 4.32%), protein (10.45 to 11.13%) and fibre (2.18 to 6.95%). The cake supplemented with Kodra (Eleusine coracana) flour showed maximum overall acceptability after control. From the study it can be concluded that a maximum of 70 per cent millet flours can be incorporated to prepare acceptable quality of cake.
Studies on textural and sensory quality attributes of biscuits using wheat, sorghum and groundnut blend flour
Authors: Maurya Rohit Kumar , Kumar Devendra , Singh Devendra , Verma Vipin Kumar
Published: July 2021

Experiments were conducted to evaluate quality attributes of biscuits using wheat, sorghum and groundnut blend flour. Study was also conducted to see the effect of blend flours treatments on textural characteristic and sensory evaluation. Flours blend were prepared with various combination of wheat, sorghum and groundnut as W80: S15: G05 (T1), W70: S20: G10 (T2) and W60: S25: G15 (T3). Textural characteristics viz., fracturability, hardness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness through texture analyzer. The sensory characteristics viz., colour, odor, flavour, taste, texture and overall acceptability were evaluated for fresh, 30, 60 and 90 days of storage period. The maximum hardness was found in sample prepared for treatment T2 (2752.70 g), whereas higher cohesiveness value was obtained in sample of treatment T1 (1.67). The adhesiveness and springiness were obtained maximum in sample of treatment T3 (8.47 g.s) and treatment T2 (2.09 mm), respectively. The gumminess and chewiness value were found highest in sample of treatment T2 (4349.26 g) and treatment T2 (9056.48 g.mm), respectively. Sensory characteristics as colour, odor, flavour, taste and overall acceptability were scored highest rating in T2 treatment as compared to T1 and T3 treatments. Sensory score was decreased with increase of storage period in all treatments. Fresh biscuit samples prepared with wheat 70% + sorghum 20% + groundnut 10% rated highest score (7.8) than other treatments. The treatment (T2) gave better product in view of colour, odor, flavour, taste and overall acceptability as well as textural quality attributes.
Development of jackfruit leather and its shelf-life analysis in different packaging materials
Authors: Babu Ninisha , Dinakaran Ammu , Raman Maya , Ravindran Akshaya , Sankar T.V. , Gopal T. K. Srinivasa
Published: July 2021

Post-harvest loss is very common in seasonal fruits due to its high perishability even under refrigerated conditions. Value addition and processing is the best solution to overcome this problem and it also ensures the availability of the product round the year. This study is to develop jackfruit leather that replicates the natural fruit taste and is shelf stable at room temperature (28 ± 2°C). The product contributes 3.63Kcal/g to the energy requirement and is rich in minerals like potassium and sodium (7442μg/g and 1842μg/g, respectively). Sorption isotherm studies showed a sigmoid characteristic for the product. It has a critical moisture content of 48.39±0.44% with respect to 96% relative humidity and a water activity of 0.47. The product was packed in different packaging materials like 220-gauge polyethylene laminated with 50-gauge metalized polyester (Met PE) and 150 gauge Biaxially Oriented Poly Propylene (BOPP) laminated with 50-gauge polyester to study and compare its shelf-life in both the packaging materials at room temperature (28 ± 2°C). Physical and chemical parameters of the product was analyzed during the period of storage and the results revealed a shelf stability for 90 days for the product packed in both the packaging materials.
Studies on physico-chemical parameters of biscuits using wheat, sorghum and groundnut blend flour
Authors: Maurya Rohit Kumar , Kumar Devendra
Published: July 2021

Biscuits are feasible to provide complete enrichment and contain different amount of protein, fat, mineral, carbohydrate and calorific energy. Experiments were conducted to evaluate quality attributes of biscuits using wheat, sorghum and groundnut blend flour. Study was also conducted to see the effect of blend flours treatments on physico-chemical parameters. Flours blend were prepared with various combination of wheat, sorghum and groundnut as W80: S15: G05 (T1), W70: S20: G10 (T2) and W60: S25: G15 (T3). After preparation of biscuit physico-chemical properties viz., moisture content, fat content, ash content, protein content and carbohydrate content were evaluated just fresh and after 30, 60 and 90 days of storage period. The study revealed that the moisture content increased with the increase of storage period for all treatments. The value of moisture content 4.76 per cent was obtained maximum in the treatment T3 after 90 days of storage period. The ash content change with increase of storage period was slightly decreased in all treatments. The minimum ash content (0.88%) was found in the treatment T3 after 90 days storage period. The fat content of biscuits sample decreased with increase in storage period in case of all treatments. Data obtained for protein content after 30, 60, 90 days of storage indicated that in case of all samples, the value decreased for all treatments. Highest protein content (13.5%) was observed in treatment T3 for the fresh biscuits sample. Carbohydrate content was obtained minimum in T3 (64.27%) at 0 day (fresh) and maximum in T1 (66.48%) at 90 days. The average value was calculated for diameter and thickness as T1 (40 mm) and (0.9 mm), T2 (40 mm) and (0.9 mm), T3 (40 mm) and (0.8 mm), respectively. There were no changes in diameter and thickness in different treatment of biscuits because ingredients were same in all treatments. The result showed that spread ratio was observed as 44.44, 44.44 and 50 for treatments T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Fresh biscuit samples with wheat flour 70% + sorghum flour 20% + groundnut flour 10% (T2) rated highest score (7.8) than other treatments.
Growth and yield of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus spp.) on organically amended agro wastes
Authors: Elizabeth Julie I. , Paul T. Sheela
Published: July 2021

The present experiment was conducted to identify the best organic amendment on the growth and yield of five species of oyster mushrooms viz.,Pleurotus florida, P. sajor-caju, P. eous, P. tuber-regium and Hypsizygus ulmarius by using organic amendments like rice bran, dry azolla, Neem cake, vermiwash and dry biogas slurry at three different concentrations. The effect of organic amendments on the number of days for sporophore formation, number and weight of sporophores varied according to the mushroom species. Results revealed that except dry biogas slurry, all organic amendments had superior effect in reducing number of days for sporophore formation, increasing the number of sporophores and yield. Effect of organic amendments on the yield of oyster mushrooms showed that all organic amendments except dry biogas slurry performed well with more number and weight of sporophores. The number of days for sporophore formation varied between 16.5 to 20.8 days in P. eous, 19.5 to 39 days in P. tuber-regium and 17.5 to 36.8 days in H. ulmarius. In P. florida and P. eous highest yield of 350.3g and 379g, respectively obtained from paddy straw amended with 1 per cent Neem cake. P. sajor-caju gave the maximum yield of 405.3g in 5 per cent rice bran. The maximum yield of 134.8g was recorded in P. tuber-regium when treated with 4 per cent rice bran whereas paddy straw amended with 6 per cent dry azolla gave highest yield of 218.3g in H. ulmarius.
PLANEJAMENTO DIDÁTICO NO ENSINO SUPERIOR (2.ª parte)
Authors: Ferreira Itala
Published: July 2021

Resumo O planejamento de ensino, em nível de disciplina, decorre do planejamento curricular, referindo-se à ação docente. Comporta três modalidades: plano de curso, de unidade e de aula. O plano, em si mesmo, é um esquema de trabalho, e como tal, só adquire vida se, junto à indispensável coerência interna, à existência de recursos e eficiência administrativa da Escola, se aliar a personalidade do professor que lhe transmite o dinamismo necessário durante o ato da execução.