bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toward comprehensive understanding of m-wallet adoption: the significance of user perceptions and financial autonomy
Authors: Hidayat-ur-Rehman Imdadullah , Hossain Md. Nahin , Bhuiyan Abul Bashar , Zulkifli Norhayah
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Recognizing the transformative impact of financial technology (Fintech) and mobile wallets (m-wallets) on modern financial practices, this study aims to explore the complex dynamics of m-wallet adoption in Bangladesh, focusing on user perceptions and financial autonomy. By integrating self-determination theory (SDT) and diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory, the authors propose a model incorporating constructs such as perceived security (PS), perceived trust (PT), compatibility, ease of use (EOU), perceived financial autonomy (PFA), perceived financial competence (PFC), relative advantage (RA) and intention-to-use (IU).

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a survey-based methodology to gather data from m-wallets users in Bangladesh. In this survey, 445 individuals participated; 393 of those were deemed legitimate and were chosen for study. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling was used in the investigation. This method made sure that the relationships between the proposed model’s constructs were thoroughly examined.

Findings

The research findings confirm that PFC significantly impacts the IU m-wallets and PFA. PFA also positively influences the IU. PS impacts the IU and PT, which further affects the IU. EOU influences RA and the IU. The study highlights the importance of PFC, PS, PT and EOU in driving the adoption of m-wallets.

Originality/value

This study integrates SDT and DOI theory to explore m-wallet adoption. It highlights financial competence and autonomy as key factors, offering insights and practical strategies for Fintech stakeholders in emerging markets to enhance adoption through financial literacy, security measures and user-friendly designs.
A mean-end chain (MEC) lens of quality of care on customer equity, recommendations and revisit intention
Authors: Lai Kim Piew , Chong Siong Choy , Lin Binshan
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This study aims to investigate how the quality of care (QOC) in terms of structure and process affects the equity customers have with them and their influences on the intention to revisit and recommend health-care providers.

Design/methodology/approach

The study gathers 200 (pilot) and 400 (mass) data to validate and assess the framework structurally using the means-end chain (MEC) model via AMOS 26.0.

Findings

Customers with substantial equity derived from QOC are more inclined to revisit and recommend health-care providers. In addition, customers who rely solely on QOC, i.e. disregarding the perceived worth of the brand, value and relationship equity, are less devoted than those who recognise the value offered by health-care providers.

Practical implications

Hospital management could formulate alternative hospital visit strategies that improve customer access to the health-care system by establishing a treatment charter, akin to informed consent, that explains the instrument and the procedure used for each treatment. It is essential to improve understanding by better communicating the functionalities of the equipment and facilities, as well as the medical benefits customers would gain from using them. Hospital staff, such as check-up assistants, might be trained to convey treatment benefits to customers in a more understandable manner.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is likely the first study to link flow experience to QOC (structure and process), customer equity and the intention to revisit and recommend. This study contributes to the service literature and the MEC model by providing empirical evidence of QOC in enhancing customer equity and how customers perceive their intention to revisit and recommend.
Retail practices for plant-based meat alternatives in Italy
Authors: Samoggia Antonella , Rossi Giulia , Macaione Giuseppe , Guidotto Aurora
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This study explores in-store retail sales practices for alternative protein products in Italy, with a focus on plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) compared to conventional meat products. It also investigates PBMA across different brand and business protein orientations to uncover disparities in retail practices, with attention to conventional and discount retailing.

Design/methodology/approach

Data are collected in Bologna, a mid-size metropolitan area in Italy, during autumn 2023. The methodology involved conducting in-person store audits across ten supermarkets and hypermarkets. The data collected encompasses variables such as protein type, product format, price, promotions, product shelf placement and protein orientation. Data elaboration includes Analysis of variance (ANOVA) testing and multivariate linear regression.

Findings

Results support that retail management practices price PBMA higher, offer fewer promotions and place them in the “ready-to-eat” department versus the meat department, if compared to conventional meat products. This suggests that Italian retailers do not consider PBMA as a direct alternative to the meat, but rather as a distinct food product category with its own retail management practices. The study also reveals that PBMA brand and business protein-orientation management practices influence pricing and sales. Retailers’ managerial approach shapes PBMA sales and consumer purchasing behavior.

Originality/value

The study is pioneering research on retailers and PBMA, a rapidly expanding food category. It focuses on Italy, a country where interest in alternative protein products remains limited but shows significant potential for growth. Finally, it provides a detailed analysis of in-store retail food management practices balancing PBMA with conventional meat products.
Development of heavy-duty climbing robot with rust removing and recycling system for steel structures
Authors: Chu Yuanzhen , Sun Weipeng , Mou Pengcheng , Lin Qiuyu , Jiang Yong , Wang Shuangxi
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Steel structures are easily corroded under coastal atmospheric environment due to high humidity and high saltwater spray. To extend service life of steel structure infrastructure, it is necessary to remove rust and apply paint on the steel structure once a year. However, existing wall-climbing sandblasting robots are difficult to work on narrow steel beams and cause serious environmental pollution. The purpose of this study is to design a robot that can effectively remove rust from narrow steel beams and reduce environmental impact to extend the service life of steel structure infrastructure.

Design/methodology/approach

The heavy-duty wall-climbing robot designed in this study can effectively solve the above problems. The robot achieves adjustable magnetic adsorption force of the permanent magnet adsorption through a novel switch design and can work flexibly and stably on narrow steel beams through a worm-like internal and external alternating motion structure. In addition, it is equipped with a sandblasting recovery device to reduce environmental pollution.

Findings

The on-site test results on steel beams show that trust removal level can reach Sa2.0. The recovery rate of sandblasting and rust removal is close to 95%. The robot can carry a 40 kg sandblasting equipment and move at a speed greater than 40 cm/min, indicating that it can efficiently complete the rust removal work of narrow steel structures.

Originality/value

The originality lies in the design of the robot with features such as adjustable magnetic adsorption, special motion structure for narrow beams and a sandblasting recovery device. The value is that it can solve the problems of existing robots in working on narrow steel beams and environmental pollution and effectively extend the service life of steel structure infrastructure by efficiently removing rust.
Flavokawain A Ruthenium‐p‐Cymene Complex‐Induced Apoptosis by the Modulation of PI3K/β‐Catenin/HER2/PARP Signalling in Lung Cancer
Authors: Gayen Sakuntala , Roy Souvik , Laishram Diana , Bandyopadhyay Soumendra Nath , Mukherjee Swarupananda
Published: February 2025

Lung cancer is most terrible cause of cancer‐related death throughout the world. This study focused on the synthesis and characterisation of novel flavokawain A ruthenium‐p‐cymene complex and to investigate the chemotherapeutic activity against lung carcinoma via in silico, in vitro and in vivo approaches. The complex was characterised via several spectroscopic techniques. In vitro study including cell viability, transwell migration, Western blot and flow cytometric analysis have been executed on both A549 and NCI‐H460 cells. The toxicological assessment was performed and subsequently anticancer activity of complex was evaluated in benzo[α]pyrene persuaded lung carcinoma in mice. The molecular docking study demonstrated the compound has greater binding ability with β‐catenin, Akt, HER2 and PARP. Followed by the complex treatment, the downregulation of β‐catenin, PI3K, Akt, HER2 and PARP were investigated by Western blot analysis and cell cycle arrest was determined through flow cytometry. The outcomes of in vivo experimentation represented fruitful restoration of typical lung architecture after complex treatment. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated the downstream of β‐catenin/m‐TOR/Akt and upstream of caspase‐3 and p53 expression, thereby initiating apoptosis. The complex exhibited a potent chemotherapeutic activity via the alteration of tumour microenvironment by modulating PI3K/Akt/β‐catenin/HER2/PARP transduction in correlates with apoptotic events in lung carcinoma.
Critical conversations: How marriage and family therapists begin exploring topics of race, gender and social justice
Authors: Marroquin Crystal G. , Morris Katherine L. , Triplett Nicholas T. , Lee Chorong , Kimmes Jonathan G.
Published: February 2025

As systemic practitioners, it is vital that marriage and family therapists continually develop their knowledge of how larger oppressive systems impact their clients. The purpose of this study was to explore how therapists approach the critical topics of race, gender and social justice in therapy. To expand on existing research, the present study utilised a qualitative thematic analysis to examine the experience of eleven marriage and family therapists (MFTs) of varying experience levels. Graduate students (n = 6), professors (n = 4) and clinicians in private practice also working as faculty (n = 1) were included. Results showed evidence of five themes which included: Personhood of the Therapist, Critical Mindset, Therapist Anxiety and Fear of Marginalisation, Effective Intervention and The Role of Supervision. This study contributes to expanding the literature on how therapists can provide culturally sensitive therapy, aid in evolving therapeutic techniques and work to improve therapeutic outcomes.
Standardised Methods for Developing Conceptual Frameworks for Placental Disorders of Pregnancy: Pre‐Eclampsia and Stillbirth
Authors: Elawad Terteel , Woo Kinshella Mai‐Lei , Stokes Ellie , Pickerill Kelly , Piagge Elisa Dalle , Vidler Marianne , Stanley Ella , Volvert Marie‐Laure , Bone Jeffrey N. , Elwell Helen , Mistry Hiten D. , Mateljan Violet , Tsigas Eleni , Filippi Veronique , von Dadelszen Peter , Blencowe Hannah , Magee Laura A. ,   PRECISE Network
Published: February 2025

Background

Risk factors for the placental disorders of pregnancy (pre‐eclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and stillbirth) are complex, frequently involving the interplay between clinical factors and wider social and environmental determinants of health. Biomarkers modulate the maternal and fetal responses to biological processes that underlie the development of placental disorders.

Objectives

To develop a standardised methodology to assess the importance of, and inter‐relationships between, candidate risk factors for the various placental disorders.

Search Strategy

Systematic searches were conducted using Medline, Embase, Health Technology Assessments, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Library databases, Google Scholar, and reference lists of retrieved papers.

Selection Criteria

We deployed a hierarchy of reviews, systematic reviews, and cohort studies with at least 1000 participants (100 for biomarker studies), published in the prior decade.

Data Collection and Analysis

We assessed the strengths of association and quality of evidence linking risk factors with individual placental outcomes.

Conclusions

We have developed a standardised approach to assess the importance and inter‐relatedness of putative risk factors for the placental disorders of pregnancy.
Feasibility of a targeted nutrition‐risk screening tool in Australian mental health services: The NutriMental screener
Authors: Teasdale Scott B. , Ardill‐Young Oliver , Crawford Patricia , Gould Patrick , Hennessy Erikka , Inall Bronwyn , King Sarah , Lancaster Rebecca , Millett Olivia , Pearson Abbey , Roen Julia , Strong Alyssa , Surdut Mark , Burrows Tracy , Curtis Jackie , Ward Philip B. , Mueller‐Stierlin Annabel Sandra
Published: February 2025

Aims

This study aimed to test the feasibility and acceptability of mental health clinicians using a multifaceted nutrition‐risk screening tool in Australian mental health settings.

Methods

A mixed‐methods cross‐sectional design was used. Mental health clinicians implemented the multifaceted NutriMental screener at seven sites across Australia and provided feedback via a standardised form. Primary outcomes were the feasibility, acceptability and appropriateness domains of the feedback questionnaire. Additional outcomes included association/agreement between the consumer's desire for dietetic support, clinicians' impression of need for dietetic support, and total nutrition risks reported. Directed content analysis was employed to analyse open‐ended sections of the clinician feedback questionnaire.

Results

Fifty‐four clinicians participated, completing the NutriMental screener with a total of 256 mental health consumers. Mean total nutrition risks reported were 6.4 ± 1.8 (out of nine). Mean implementation outcomes (out of five) were 3.1 ± 0.8 for acceptability, 3.7 ± 0.5 for appropriateness, and 4.3 ± 1.7 for feasibility. There was moderate agreement between consumer's desire for dietetic support and clinicians' impression of need for dietetic support κ = 0.32 (95% CI: 0.21–0.43), p < 0.001, and positive correlations between the number of nutrition risks reported and consumer's desire for dietetic support (r = 0.29, p < 0.001) and clinicians' impression of need for dietetic support (r = 0.29, p < 0.001). Six themes and 17 subthemes related to barriers and facilitators to the screener's implementation were identified.

Conclusion

The multifaceted risk screening tool appears to be feasible, acceptable and appropriate for use within Australian mental health services. Refinements of the NutriMental screener based on clinician feedback may further improve its implementation.
A New Method for Constructing High‐Resolution Phylogenomic Topologies Using Core Gene‐Associated MNP Markers: A Case Study From Agaricus bisporus
Authors: Liu Fei , Cai Zhi‐Xin , Kang Wen‐Yi , Chen Wen‐Zhi , Lu Yuan‐Ping , Chen Mei‐Yuan , Zhao Rui‐Lin
Published: February 2025

Accurate strain identification is essential for economically significant fungi, as it aids in understanding their diverse agronomic traits, pathogenicity, and other important characteristics. However, traditional methods often face challenges related to limited accuracy, high workloads, and reproducibility issues. Recently, multiple nucleotide polymorphism (MNP) markers have been employed in mushroom strain identification, demonstrating significantly improved accuracy and reproducibility. Nevertheless, the identification of strains across different species still heavily depends on specific and often overly complex MNP markers. In this study, we address these challenges by developing a novel method for constructing high‐resolution phylogenomic topologies using core gene‐associated multiple nucleotide polymorphism (cgMNP) markers, focusing on Agaricus bisporus (button mushroom). Utilising resequencing data from 213 cultivated and wild strains of A. bisporus, we identified 84 cgMNP markers within 83 core genes from 1011 MNP markers. Phylogenetic analysis based on cgMNP sequences and the genetic distance between strain pairs allowed for precise identification of all strains. Moreover, the successful transferability of these cgMNP markers to an additional 385 A. bisporus strains and other fungal species, including Flammulina filiformis (enoki mushroom) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast), highlights their cross‐species applicability. The high resolution and strong congruence of cgMNP markers with whole‐genome data provide a robust and reliable method for strain‐level discrimination in fungi. The success of this approach in A. bisporus sets a promising precedent for its application to a broader range of fungal taxa.
Testing Soil Moisture Performance Measures in the Conceptual‐Functional Equivalent to the WRF‐Hydro National Water Model
Authors: Araki Ryoko , Ogden Fred L. , McMillan Hilary K.
Published: February 2025

The Conceptual‐Functional Equivalent (CFE) to the National Water Model (NWM) serves as a baseline rainfall‐runoff model in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s Next Generation National Water Model Framework (NextGen). The CFE model performs similarly to the earlier version of the NWM, allowing comparisons with new models introduced in future versions. In addition to streamflow, the NWM outputs other hydrologic variables including soil moisture. Soil moisture plays a key role in simulating seasonal hydrologic processes in process‐based models; therefore, it is imperative to evaluate models against observed data. However, incorporating in situ observed soil moisture data, which is highly spatially variable, into the calibration process may compromise streamflow results. We investigate how model evaluation, including in situ soil moisture observations, affects CFE's ability to reproduce streamflow and soil moisture. We evaluated the CFE model on two experimental watersheds using both traditional and signature‐based performance metrics for soil moisture. Results showed that including soil moisture data enhances the reproducibility of overall and seasonal soil moisture patterns without sacrificing the reproducibility of streamflow. Calibration against streamflow alone was insufficient to reproduce soil moisture patterns. We recommend including soil moisture metrics when available in the CFE model calibration to improve seasonal streamflow predictions.
Nutrient Runoff From Agricultural Lands in North American Ecoregions
Authors: Hopkins A. P. , Harmel R. D. , Kleinman P. J. A. , Sahoo D. , Ippolito J. A.
Published: February 2025

Field‐scale runoff and water quality data are critical to understanding the fate of agricultural nutrients and mitigating their off‐site transport; however, regional influences such as precipitation, temperature, and prevailing cropping and management practices also impact nutrient runoff. In the present study, we used the recently updated MANAGE database to conduct meta‐type analyses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in runoff from cropland and grasslands for North American ecoregions. Specifically, we analyzed annual N and P loads and the impact of land use, tillage, fertilizer timing, and fertilizer placement. Notable differences between ecoregions included: (1) the Temperate Prairies dominated by highly erodible cultivated land had significantly higher median annual total N loads (11.7 kg/ha) than the South Central Semiarid Prairies (2.4 kg/ha) dominated by grasslands; (2) corn production tended to produce higher N and P loads than other land uses in the Mixed Wood Plains, Southeastern USA Plains, and Ozark–Ouachita/Appalachian Forests; and (3) no‐till had the highest dissolved P loads in the Southeastern USA Plains and Temperate Prairies, but conventional tillage had the highest dissolved P loads in the Ozark–Ouachita/Appalachian Forests. These data—that have never before been analyzed by ecoregion—should prove valuable for improving regional understanding of nutrient fate and transport and informing field‐scale agricultural management decisions.
Over‐ and Under‐ Representations of Predatory Fish Body Sizes Are Shaped by Habitat Architecture and Nutrient Loads in a Subtropical River Basin
Authors: Maresca Urioste Felipe , Borthagaray Ana Inés , González‐Bergonzoni Ivan , Arim Matías
Published: February 2025

Body size distribution reflects the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms that shape biodiversity. Over‐ and under‐representations ‐i.e., discontinuities‐ in this distribution reflect body sizes that could be favoured or limited by operating mechanisms. Although several non‐exclusive hypotheses have been formulated to explain the discontinuities in body size distributions, few empirical studies have been able to advance on the determinants of these discontinuities along ecological gradients. By means of null models we assessed the existence of over‐/under‐ representations in the body size distribution of 48 local assemblages of carnivorous fishes in the Rio Negro basin, Uruguay. Specifically, we identified the body size locations at which an over‐representation and/or under‐representation occurs in local communities compared to the null model distribution. Then, using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), we explicitly connect these deviations with gradients in local conditions. Over‐representations at the different sites ranged from sizes of 0.1 to 28.8 g, while under‐representations ranged from 0.1 to 27.1 g. Our structural equation model identified a significant connection between substrate type and nutrient loads with the location of over‐representations in the size spectra, while substrate type and depth were connected to the magnitude of the over‐representation. The magnitude of the over‐representation influenced the size and magnitude of the under‐representation. Local environmental variables exhibited strong influence on the body size distribution, being favoured over the connectivity of communities. This suggests that local filtering has a preponderant role in explaining the dependence of species performance on body size in this system. The present study highlights the existence of discontinuities in the distribution of traits in general and body size in particular as a relevant feature of biodiversity organisation, seldom considered in empirical studies. Advancing on the local and regional determinants of these features emerges as a powerful and complementary approach for unravelling the mechanisms behind biodiversity assembly and functioning.
Predictive Biomarkers and Personalized Therapy: Use of Pharmacogenetic Testing in a Scandinavian Perspective
Authors: Westergaard Niels , Lund Trine Meldgaard , Vermehren Charlotte
Published: February 2025

Precision medicine has significantly advanced through the development of predictive biomarkers based on pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing. These tests identify interactions between drugs and genetic variants that influence patient responses to treatments. Understanding genetic variations in drug‐metabolizing enzymes, receptors and transporters and their impact on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics allows for the prediction of drug effects and side effects, enabling tailored treatments for different patient groups. This review focuses on drugs metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes, for example, citalopram and clopidogrel or transported by the solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1), for example, atorvastatin and simvastatin, with PGx dosing guidelines, in the context of consumption in Scandinavian countries. A major barrier to the widespread adoption of PGx tests in clinical practice has been healthcare professionals' uncertainty about their efficacy, complexity in result interpretation and questions regarding the evidence base. However, recent studies have demonstrated PGx testing has the potential to improve treatment outcomes, reduce adverse drug reactions and achieve cost savings. These findings underscore the potential of PGx testing as a valuable tool in clinical decision making, promoting its use in a pre‐emptive manner to enhance patient care.
Longitudinal analysis of lentiviral and retroviral chimeric antigen receptors' integration sites reveals distinct clonal evolutionary patterns
Authors: Guiraud Vincent , Denis Jerome Alexandre , Benhafoun Ghizlane , Ablin Erwan , Sayon Sophie , Souchet Laetitia , Azar Nabih , Grenier Adrien , Metz Carole , Legrand Ronan , Marcelin Anne‐Geneviève , Choquet Sylvain , Calvez Vincent , Todesco Eve
Published: February 2025

T‐cell malignancies following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapies are partly related to insertional mutagenesis, but the longitudinal evolution of CAR‐integration sites (IS) remains understudied. We performed an IS analysis in blood from three tisagenlecleucel (lentiviral), one axicabtagene‐ciloleucel and one brexucabtagene‐autoleucel (gammaretrovirals) patient at peak expansion and 1‐year follow‐up. All were complete responders. Peak expansion IS patterns were vector dependent: lentiviral CAR integrated mostly in introns and gammaretrovirals in intergenic regions, closer to transcription start sites. At 1‐year post‐infusion, lentiviral CAR showed no major clonal proliferation. Gammaretroviral CARs had divergent outcomes: no detectable CAR (axicabtagene‐ciloleucel) or low‐level oligoclonal persistence (brexucabtagene‐autoleucel). Whether this latter evolution is at risk of further CAR malignancies needs further investigations.
Left Ventricular Outflow Indices in Chronic Systolic Heart Failure: Thresholds and Prognostic Value
Authors: Dini Frank L. , Barletta Valentina , Ballo Piercarlo , Cioffi Giovanni , Pugliese Nicola Riccardo , Rossi Andrea , Bajraktari Gani , Ghio Stefano , Henein Michael Y.
Published: February 2025

Background and Aims

The assessment of left ventricular (LV) outflow velocity time integral (LVOT‐VTI) has gained favor in the stratification of patients with heart failure (HF). We evaluated the prognostic significance of LVOT‐VTI compared with the commonly used indices of LV outflow: cardiac index (CI) and stroke volume index (SVI), their reproducibility and cut‐off values.

Methods and Results

A total of 424 outpatients diagnosed with HF and LV systolic dysfunction (LV ejection fraction < 50%) underwent a Doppler echocardiographic examination, including the assessment of CI, SVI, and LVOT‐VTI. The Bland–Altman analysis showed LVOT‐VTI the most reproducible outflow index. The study follow‐up duration was 3.5 years (interquartile range 1.6–6.5), at the end of which there were 94 cardiovascular deaths (29%). Cox regression univariate analysis showed that LVOT‐VTI was the most predictive of the study end‐point. The ratio of tricuspid annular displacement‐to‐pulmonary artery systolic pressure (TAPSE/PASP) (p < 0.0001), LVOT‐VTI (p = 0.0011), and end‐systolic volume index (p = 0.0036) independently predicted the study end‐point. At receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, LVOT‐VTI < 12.0 cm had the best sensitivity and specificity for predicting cardiovascular mortality. Reduced LV EF (p = 0.0011), raised BNP levels (p = 0.0053), and high LV filling pressure (p = 0.044) were associated with low LVOT‐VTI in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Patients with low LVOT‐VTI and TAPSE/PASP < 0.32 mm/mmHg exhibited the worst prognosis on Kaplan–Meier survival curves (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

A LVOT‐VTI < 12.0 cm represents the best predictor of the cardiovascular outcome and proved the most reproducible index of LV forward flow in patients with chronic HF and systolic dysfunction. The combination of impaired LVOT‐VTI with TAPSE/PASP showed the worst survival.
Focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures in newly diagnosed focal epilepsy
Authors: Agashe Shruti , Cascino Gregory D. , Devinsky Orrin , Barnard Sarah , Gidal Barry , Abou‐Khalil Bassel , Holmes Manisha G. , Fox Jonah , Klein Pavel , Pellinen Jacob , French Jacqueline A. ,   the Human Epilepsy Project
Published: February 2025

Presence of focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (FBTCS) in focal epilepsy is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for FBTCS are poorly understood, and little is known regarding FBTCS recurrence after treatment initiation. This study aimed to investigate factors related to FBTCS in newly diagnosed focal epilepsy and their recurrence after starting antiseizure medications (ASMs) in the Human Epilepsy Project (HEP) cohort. HEP was an international, prospective cohort study that enrolled people with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy within 4 months of treatment initiation and followed them for up to 6 years. Baseline characteristics, treatment choices, and seizure outcomes were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was conducted to assess the differences between study participants who had FBTCS and those who never experienced FBTCS. A total of 443 participants were included in this analysis; 77% (n = 342) had FBTCS at some point prior to or within the study period. In participants with FBTCS, regardless of initial seizure type, diagnosis was mostly made after FBTCS (335/342, 98%). After treatment initiation, FBTCS did not recur in 57% (n = 194/342) of cases. A higher number of total pretreatment seizures (median = 16 vs. 11, p = .048, Mann–Whitney U‐test), predominantly focal aware seizures (FAS) or focal impaired awareness seizures (FIAS; median = 15 vs. 10, p = .049, Mann Whitney U‐test), was associated with no recurrence in FBTCS after treatment initiation. Of 108 participants without FBTCS prior to treatment, only seven (6%) developed FBTCS after treatment initiation. There was no significant difference in choice of initial ASM class (levetiracetam vs. sodium channel blockers) between participants who experienced FBTCS and those who did not. This study highlights the significance of FBTCS among individuals with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy. The majority of participants who experienced FBTCS were diagnosed with epilepsy after experiencing their first FBTCS despite preceding FAS/FIAS. The more frequent FAS/FIAS in participants whose FBTCS resolved may be a characteristic of their epilepsy.
Role of single‐nucleotide pleomorphism microarray in the classification of BAP1‐inactivated melanocytic tumours
Authors: Durgin Joseph S. , Zoumberos Nicholas A. , Novice Taylor , Fullen Douglas R. , Hristov Alexandra C. , Lowe Lori , Patel Rajiv M. , Harms Paul W. , Andea Aleodor A. , Bresler Scott C.
Published: February 2025

Aims

BAP1‐inactivated melanocytic tumours (BIMTs) occur sporadically and in association with a familial tumour predisposition syndrome involving germline mutations in the BRCA1‐associated protein‐1 (BAP1) gene. Here we report the clinical features, histopathologic findings, and chromosomal copy number data of 19 BAP1‐inactivated melanocytomas (BIMs) and compare their features to those of five BAP1‐inactivated melanomas.

Methods

We retrospectively searched the Department of Pathology archives and EMERSE (Electronic Medical Record Search Engine) for BIMTs that had undergone single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray testing. Clinical history/follow‐up data, detailed histopathologic features, and SNP microarray results were recorded.

Results

Overall, four patients (4/13) with BIMs and available clinical history had features suspicious for a germline BAP1 aberration. In BIMs (19 cases), the BAP1‐inactivated component showed variable cytologic features, including epithelioid (predominant), rhabdoid, plasmacytoid, and nevoid morphologies. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was negative in all (6/6) patients in which this procedure was performed. No patient diagnosed with a BIM with available clinical follow‐up (18/19; mean 38 months) experienced an adverse event. While the histologic appearances of the five melanomas varied, one case resembled a BIM. The median mitotic count was 1/mm2 (range 0–6 mm2) in BIMs compared to 3/mm2 (range 1–4/mm2) in melanomas (P = 0.04). The median number of copy number alterations (CNAs) was two (range 0–6) in indolent cases versus seven (range 6–10) in melanomas (P = 0.0005). The most common molecular aberration after loss of 3p21 was heterozygous loss of the CDKN2A locus, which unlike homozygous loss has not been associated with melanoma.

Conclusion

While most BIMs appear to have a favourable prognosis, even those with multiple CNAs, they deserve careful integration of all clinical and pathologic findings. Although not fully diagnostic, a mitotic count of ≥3/mm2 and ≥6 CNAs in the appropriate context is supportive of a diagnosis of BAP1‐inactivated melanoma.
Associations between country of birth, migration status and engagement in HIV care among gay and bisexual men living with HIV in Australia, 2019–2022
Authors: Yu Simin , MacGibbon James , Bavinton Benjamin , Smith Anthony K. J. , Rule John , Mao Limin , Broady Timothy R. , Holt Martin
Published: February 2025

Background

In the last decade, while HIV diagnoses have declined among Australian‐born gay and bisexual men (GBM), they have declined much less among migrant GBM, with recently arrived GBM facing particular challenges, such as access to HIV treatment. This study assessed HIV care cascade (treatment) outcomes among GBM living with HIV in Australia by migration status.

Methods

Data were collected in national cross‐sectional behavioural surveillance surveys during 2019–2022. HIV cascade outcomes were stratified by country of birth and length of residency in Australia, examining HIV clinical appointments in the previous year, being on antiretroviral treatment (ART) and achieving an undetectable viral load. Percentages were calculated with the previous cascade step as the corresponding denominator.

Results

Between 2019 and 2022, 32 236 GBM completed surveys, including 2533 (7.9%) people living with HIV (PLWH). Among 2188 PLWH reporting migration/residency status, 72.2% were Australian‐born, 13.3% were from high‐income English‐speaking countries, 13.0% were non‐recently arrived migrant GBM from other countries and 1.5% were recently arrived in Australia (<2 years). Median ages for the four groups were 50, 51, 41 and 34 years, respectively. Recently arrived PLWH were the most likely to be recently diagnosed (<2 years, 15.2% vs. <5% in the other groups). The HIV cascade of care, treatment, and viral suppression differed by migration status (p < 0.001): Australian‐born, 92.5%, 96.9% and 94.6%, respectively; born in high‐income‐English‐speaking countries, 91.8%, 97.4%,9 8.9%; non‐recently arrived, 93.7%, 95.1%, 96.8%; and recently‐arrived, 90.9%, 90.0%, 100%. Recently‐arrived PLWH were less likely to be on treatment, but all those on treatment achieved viral suppression.

Conclusions

Engaging and supporting recently arrived PLWH in Australia to access ART and relinking PLWH disengaged from care remains crucial.
Explaining the Association Between Number of Teeth and Frailty in Older Chinese Adults: The Chain Mediating Effect of Nutritional Status and Cognitive Function
Authors: Wang Yanan , Fan Lifang , Zhou Hui , Zhang Meimei , Wang Tianyan , Sheng Ying , Zhu Yuelan
Published: February 2025

Aims

The objective of this research is to investigate the association between the number of teeth and frailty in the geriatric population.

Design

This cross‐sectional study was conducted in Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, from May 2021 to September 2021.

Methods

A cohort of 538 community‐dwelling older adults aged 60 years or above was included in the analysis. The Tilburg Frailty Indicator, Mini‐Mental State Examination and Mini Nutritional Assessment Short‐Form were employed to assess frailty, cognitive function and nutritional status, respectively. The statistics software SPSS v21.0 and its process plug‐in were employed for statistical analysis, and the significance of intermediary effects was tested using the bootstrap sampling test method and the process plug‐in.

Results

The number of teeth influenced frailty through three mediating pathways: (a) nutritional status (effect = −0.038); (b) cognitive function (effect = −0.021); (c) nutritional status and cognitive function combined (effect = −0.038). The total mediating effect accounted for 50.26% of the overall effect.

Conclusion

These findings highlight the need to raise awareness of oral health care among older adults and implement comprehensive interventions to promote active aging and improve their overall well‐being.
Optimising Potassium Levels Improved the Lodging Resistance Index and Soybean Yield in Maize‐Soybean Intercropping by Enhanced Stem Diameter and Lignin Synthesis Enzyme Activity
Authors: Gu Yan , Guo Danyang , Li Chenyang , Zheng Cong , Li Xiang , He Fangming , Tang Qingquan , Yu Jia , Ren Hong
Published: February 2025

Lodging is a major factor limiting soybean yield in maize–soybean intercropping system (IS). Potassium fertilisation significantly enhances the lodging resistance index by promoting dry matter accumulation in soybean. However, the physiological mechanisms through which potassium affects the lodging resistance index remain unclear, particularly under different planting systems. In this study, we analysed the relationships between photosynthetic characteristics, root system, stem physiology, stem morphological characteristics, dry matter and lodging resistance index of soybean based on field experiments. The soybean cultivar Jinong 40 was used in both maize–soybean intercropping (maize: soybean as 6:6) and monoculture soybean systems (MS) in a two‐year field experiment (2022–2023), with five potassium fertilisation levels (0 kg ha−1, 30 kg ha−1, 60 kg ha−1, 90 kg ha−1 and 120 kg ha−1). Potassium application significantly improved chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, dry matter accumulation, stem lignin synthesis enzyme activity (phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase, tyrosine ammonia‐lyase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase), lodging resistance index and grain yield, regardless of the planting system. However, no significant differences in lodging resistance index or grain yield were observed between the potassium rates of 90 kg ha−1 and 120 kg ha−1. Compared to 0 kg ha−1, increased potassium rates increased stem diameter by 17.8% and 15.5%, while the ratio of stem length to stem diameter ratio (L/D) decreased by 27.2% and 26.8% in maize–soybean intercropping and monoculture soybean systems, respectively. Across the high potassium inputs (90 kg ha−1 and 120 kg ha−1), phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (2.6%) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (3.9%) were higher in the maize–soybean intercropping system compared to the monoculture soybean system. For the two planting patterns, the lodging resistance index was found to be more dependent on stem enzyme activity (93.5% for IS and 75.3% for MS) and L/D ratio (−81.0% for IS and −83.8% for MS), rather than stem length or root characteristics. We conclude that potassium application optimises stem diameter, enhances stem lignin synthesis and reduces the L/D ratio, therefore improving the soybean lodging resistance index and yield, especially in the maize–soybean intercropping system.
Properties and Behavior of Additively Manufactured Provisional Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Systematic Review on 3D Printing Orientations Relative to Applied Materials and Postprocessing
Authors: Alghauli Mohammed Ahmed , Almutairi Shahad , Almuzaini Sarah , Aljohani Rola , Aljohani Waad , Alqutaibi Ahmed Yaseen
Published: February 2025

Objectives

This systematic review aimed to assess the influence of printing orientations alone and with other parameters, such as applied material and postprocessing, on the physical‐mechanical properties and mechanical behavior of provisional fixed dental prostheses (FDPs).

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive search of websites such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane was conducted in July 2024. Adhering to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, the studies that investigated the impact of printing orientations on the physical and mechanical properties were included in this review. The modified CONSORT statement was utilized for the risk of bias assessment. A total of 24 records were included; the main build‐up angles were horizontal, oblique, and vertical (0°, 45°, and 90°), and other angles such as 30° and 150° were also reported. The data focused on the impact of orientation on 3D‐printed products from different materials, applying various postcuring times and artificial aging. Horizontally printed specimens exhibited significantly superior mechanical properties and behavior compared with other angles, while vertically printed specimens displayed the lowest results. Additionally, the material type, amount, and type of fillers and postcuring had the most substantial impacts; zirconia fillers showed more enhanced strength compared to silica fillers, and the mechanical behavior was enhanced with postcuring time of up to 120 min. Optical properties were more related to the materials and technology applied than to printing directions. Polishing of the products enhances surface quality and removes differences from various orientations. Resin specimens exhibited a high susceptibility to staining, irrespective of printing orientation. Furthermore, aging significantly influenced the mechanical properties, gloss, and surface quality of the specimens.

Conclusions

To achieve high‐quality provisional FDPs, it is essential to select a horizontal orientation. Careful selection of materials is necessary, as well as adherence to optimal printing parameters. 3D‐printed resin may not yet be suitable for permanent rehabilitation; however, it is appropriate for short‐ and long‐term temporization.

Clinical Significance

The production of dental parts is shifting to additive manufacturing; it is crucial to understand the impact of various parameters on the physical and mechanical behavior of dental parts, particularly provisional restorations, to ensure their durable clinical service.
Assessment of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) as a novel serum marker for malignant tumors of the ovary before and after treatment: A case‐control study
Authors: Ogawara Yuki , Yokota Naho Ruiz , Yamada Yuki , Arakawa Noriaki , Sakamaki Kentaro , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Kubota Kazumi , Kimura Fuminori , Mizushima Taichi , Yamazaki Etsuko , Miyagi Etsuko
Published: February 2025

Aim

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) is a preoperative biomarker that was developed to discriminate ovarian benign tumors from cancer and is covered by health insurance in Japan. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how the TFPI2 changes after treatment.

Methods

Serum levels of TFPI2 (cut off 191 pg/mL) and CA125 (cut off 35 U/mL) before and after primary debulking surgery in patients with ovarian malignant tumors were evaluated among recurrent and nonrecurrent cases, respectively.

Results

A total of 46 cases were analyzed, including 11 borderline tumors, 13 clear cell carcinomas, 15 serous carcinomas, 4 endometrioid carcinomas, and 3 mucinous carcinomas. Among 37 patients without recurrence, the preoperative mean levels of TFPI2 (235.3 pg/mL, range: 78.3–607.7) and CA125 (1125.5 U/mL, range: 6.2–6272.0) were higher than the cutoff values. The mean minimum level of TFPI2 decreased to below the cutoff (150.2 pg/mL, range 56.4–471.1) at 3 months or more after primary debulking surgeries. The postoperative TFPI2 level exceeded the cutoff in 11 out of 37 patients without recurrence (29.7%); however, the postoperative TFPI2 level decreased in 8 patients. The mean maximum levels of TFPI2 and CA125 in 9 patients after recurrence were 492.6 pg/mL and 727.4 U/mL, respectively. Moreover, the mean TFPI2 level was higher than the preoperative one (421.5 pg/mL), different from CA125 (2903.8 U/mL).

Conclusions

Our results suggest the clinical validity of TFPI2 as a serum tumor marker for postoperative recurrence screening among malignant ovarian tumors.
Comparison of clomiphene citrate + letrozole add‐on versus classical ovarian stimulation protocols in diminished ovarian reserve patients
Authors: Tunç Mehmet , Önalan Göğşen
Published: February 2025

Aim

To investigate if there is any benefit of adding clomiphene citrate (CC) + letrozole to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) cycles on the total gonadotropin dose in POSEIDON group 4 diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) patients.

Methods

A total of 61 DOR patients who underwent 150 COS cycles between 2020 and 2023 in our center were investigated retrospectively. The patients were divided into three main subgroups: group A, group B, and group C. In group A, gonadotropin stimulation started after the completion of 5 days of co‐treatment with CC (50 mg twice daily) and letrozole (2.5 mg twice daily). In group B, patients received gonadotropins after completing 5 days of letrozole (2.5 mg twice, daily), and in group C, patients started gonadotropins only.

Results

Mean age was higher in groups A and B. Body mass index, previous parity, and mean AMH levels were similar between the groups. Day 2 antral follicle count was significantly lower in group A (0.90, 1.45 and 1.53; p = 0.017). The need for gonadotropins was lower in group A compared to groups B and C (p = 0.131, and p = 0.029; respectively). Cycle cancellation rates, follicle count on trigger day, number of mature oocytes, number of cleavage stage embryos, and number of blastocyst stage embryos were similar between the groups.

Conclusion

CC + letrozole co‐treatment before starting gonadotropin stimulation in POSEIDON group 4 DOR patients might reduce the need for gonadotropins, with similar live birth rates in COS cycles.
Toceranib phosphate for the treatment of dogs with high‐risk adrenal gland tumours: 16 cases (2019‐2023)
Authors: Chalfon C. , Marconato L. , Galac S. , Tardo A. M. , Zandvliet M. , Fracassi F. , Del Baldo F. , Ghisoni G. , Pisoni L. , Finotello R.
Published: February 2025

Objectives

The aims of this study were to evaluate the response rate, time to progression (TTP) and survival times of dogs with high‐risk adrenal gland tumours (ATs) treated with toceranib phosphate, in both macroscopic and microscopic setting, and to report the adverse event (AE) profiles.

Materials and Methods

Medical records of dogs diagnosed with a high‐risk adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) or phaeochromocytoma (PCC), treated with toceranib, were retrospectively reviewed. High‐risk ATs were defined as inoperable and/or metastatic ATs or cortical tumours with high Utrecht score. Endpoints were response rate, TTP and overall progression‐free survival time (PFST). Adverse events were reported according to VCOG‐CTCAE.

Results

Sixteen dogs were included: 10 diagnosed with PCC and six with ACC. All dogs with ACC received adjuvant toceranib due to a high Utrecht score or metastatic disease, while all dogs with PCC were treated with toceranib in the macroscopic setting. A clinical benefit was detected in 80% of dogs with PCC: four achieved stable disease for a median TTP of 176.5 days, and two achieved partial response for 182 and >100 days, respectively. Median PFST for dogs with PCC was 112 days. Among dogs with ACC, 3 (50%) progressed and were euthanized after 237, 364 and 273 days; the remaining 3 (50%) dogs were alive and disease free 382, 508 and 583 days after starting toceranib. Overall, toceranib was well‐tolerated.

Clinical Significance

Toceranib may offer clinical benefit and improve outcome in dogs with high‐risk ATs in both the macroscopic and microscopic disease setting.