bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF SAFETY OF WORKING CONDITIONS AND THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN FACTOR IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
Authors:   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Sarabekova U.Zh , Ilyas Z.K. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: February 2023

Еліміздің аумағында мұнай-газ кешені пайдаланудың ірі инвестициялық жобаларын жүзеге асыру өнеркәсіптік, экологиялық қауіпсіздік пен еңбекті қорғауды басқарудың қазіргі заманғы әдіснамасына, нарықтық экономикасы бар елдерде сыналған әдістері мен құралдарын игеруге көшуге ықпал етеді. Дегенмен, қауіпсіздікті басқарудың нақты құралдарының апат пен жарақат көрсеткіштерімен байланысын талдау, сондай-ақ осы құралдардың тәуекелді бағалауға негізделген нұсқамалық тәсілден шынайы өндірістік тәсілге көшуді жүзеге асырудың жалпы жүйесіндегі орнын анықтау қажет. Өндірістік жарақаттануды талдау жарақаттануға әсер ететін ең маңызды екі фактор - бұл адами фактор және кәсіпорын басшыларының өнеркәсіптік қауіпсіздік және еңбекті қорғау (ӨҚ және ЕҚ) мәселелеріне назар аудармауы екенін көрсетеді. Мақалада Қазақстандағы өнеркәсіптік қауіпсіздік пен еңбекті қорғауды дамытудың негізгі үрдістеріне шолу келтірілген. Өндірістегі апаттар мен жазатайым оқиғалардың себептеріне талдау жасалды. Апаттар мен жазатайым оқиғалардың пайда болу теорияларын қарастыруға айтарлықтай орын беріледі, бұл өндірістегі ӨҚ және ЕҚ жағдайына әсер ететін әртүрлі факторларды ескеруге мүмкіндік береді. Сондай-ақ қорытынды бойынша зерттеу міндеттері қойылды.
EXPERT INTERVIEW AS AN EVALUATION METHOD OF RUSSIAN STUDIES CURRENT STATE: AFTER XIV CONGRESS OF MAPRYAL
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almatycity, Republic of Kazakhstan, Pshenina T.E. , Akberdi M.I. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almatycity, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: February 2023

В статье представлен опыт социолингвистического исследования методом экспертного интервью. Цель исследования – собрать информацию для качественного анализа состояния и перспектив развития русистики, сделать выводы на полученном материале. Новизна исследования состоит в том, что метод экспертного интервью был впервые применен для оценки современного состояния и будущего русистики. Результаты исследования актуальны в свете подготовки к следующему Конгрессу МАПРЯЛ, который запланирован на 2022 г., они позволят специалистам в области русистики направить исследования на решение актуальных вопросов (роль русского языка в многоязычном мире). Выявлены следующие особенности экспертных оценок: опыт научной работы в данном научном направлении сближает оценки экспертной группы с оценками организатора по контрасту с оценками контрольной группы; географические параметры не играют значимой роли (разница в мнениях экспертов из дальнего, ближнего зарубежья и организатора из Казахстана не выявлена); в интервью экспертов выражены конкретные оценки тем интервью с индивидуальных позиций, тогда как в контрольной группе преобладали общие оценки по внешним параметрам; общий позитивный настрой всех интервьюируемых повлиял на их общую положительную оценку мероприятия. Результаты интервью также показали, что русисты мира открыты к международному научному сотрудничеству в многоязычном мире.
APPLICATION OF COLLABARATIVE LEARNING TECHNOLOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE ABILITIES OF PUPILS IN BIOLOGY LESSONS
Authors:   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Ibadullaeva S.Zh. , Madenova F.B. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: February 2023

This article describes the concept, specifics, benefits of collaborative learning technology, the technological process of group work and pupils’ thinking. The purpose of the article is to study the use of collaborative learning technology for the development of pupils' creativity in biology lessons. The main methods of the study are the analysis of the works of domestic and foreign scientists, scientific literature for group work aimed at developing the creative abilities of pupils. In the course of writing the article are studied and explained the processes of collaborative learning technology, the specifics of the organization of group work, the basic ideas of joint training, the thinking abilities of people, the process of creative thinking, the types of group work used in biology classes.In addition to solving cognitive and creative goals, collaborative learning provides for solving psychological and social problems, a culture of communication is formed during the task. The main idea of collaborative learning technology is to create conditions for active learning activities of pupils in different learning situations.
THE STANDARD OF LIVING OF THE POPULATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Tulegenova E.N. , Dautbaeva A.O. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: February 2023

The improvement of the study of the standard of living of the population by Kazakhstani scientists is reduced to revealing the essence of the concept of the standard of living through needs, and in this case it is very difficult to quantify its magnitude. In general, the standard of living of the population depends on the quantitative and qualitative changes in the values of factor characteristics. It is very important to know the quantitative interactions of the factors that make up the environment and the life support system of the population.Therefore, improving the methodological provisions of modeling and forecasting the interaction of indicators of living standards, in our opinion, is relevant. Since gaining independence, the Republic of Kazakhstan has laid the foundations for sustainable economic and social development in order to create a state of law with a liberal socially oriented economy. From an economic point of view, this transition means the transition of a planned economy from full state ownership to an economy with a large share of private ownership
MICROWAVE ACTIVATION OF ISOVALERIC ACID MONOGLYCERIDE SYNTHESIS AND ITS ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Appazov N.O , Moldanazar A.A. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Bekkhozhaev M.G. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan, Turymbetova Zh.T. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan, Omirzak Zh.M. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: February 2023

Мақалада изовалериан қышқылы моноглицеридінің микротолқынды сәулелену жағдайында изопропилиден әдісімен микротолқынды синтезі туралы айтылады. Изовалериан қышқылының α–моноглицериді элюент ретінде хлороформ:метанолды (9:1) қолдана отырып, КСК силикагелінде (0,1-0,16 мм) бағаналы адсорбциялық хроматографиямен бөлініп алынды. Мақсатты өнімнің шығымы 94% құрады. Алынған қосылыс ПМР-, ЯМР13С, ИҚ-спектрометрия және элементтік талдау әдісімен сипатталды.Изовалериан қышқылының моноглицериді ЯМР13С спектрінде карбонил тобының көміртегі атомы С=О 173,92 м.д. төмен қарқындылық шыңы ретінде резонанс тудырады, бұл төртіншілік карбонил көміртегі атомдарының химиялық ығысуына сәйкес келеді. Синтезделген изовалериан қышқылы моноглицеридініңИҚ-спектрінде күрделі эфирлердің типтік сіңіру жолақтарымен сипатталады: 1735 см-1карбонил жолағы және 1188 см-1 "эфир жолағы" (эфирлік байланыс тобының С-О-С валенттік тербелістері).Біріншілік және екіншілік спирттің гидроксилдеріне тән 1051 және 1121 см-1жұтылу жолақтары және 3403-3466 см-1аумағында ассоциацияланған гидроксил топтарының кең жұтылу жолағы бар.Алынған өнім Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa және Candida albicans-қа қарсы антибактериалды белсенділікке зерттелген. Микроағзалар 37°C температурада 18-24 сағат бойы өсірілді. Өсірілген микроағзалар натрий хлоридінің 0,9% ерітіндісінде ерітілді, бактериялар етпептонды ағарыбар ыдыстарға 1 мл-ден енгізілді және "қатты көгалды"алу әдісімен себілді.Диаметрі 6 мм ұңғымалар құрылды, онда препарат пен бақылау ретінде 96% этил спирті енгізілді. Изовалериан қышқылы моноглицеридінің Pseudomonas aeruginosa-ға жағары бактерияға қарсы белсенділігі және Candida albicans-қа қарсы орташа зең саңырауқұлағына қарсы белсенділігі бар екені анықталды.
PENGARUH VALUE FOR MONEY TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK DENGAN TRANSPARANSI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA WAJIB PAJAK DI KANTOR SAMSAT KOTA PALANGKA RAYA)
Authors: Nugroho Gregorius Sugeng Tri , Pambelum Yohanes Joni , Christian Ferry
Published: February 2023

This study aims to provide an empirical explanation of the effect of value for money on public service quality with transparency as a moderating variable. The research method used in this research is descriptive statistical analysis, data instrument testing (validity and reliability tests), hypothesis testing, and determination coefficient test. The total population of this study consisted of 138.939 active tax payer that registered at Palangka Raya City SAMSAT office using slovin method which settled by researcher gained 100 people as sample that represent population. The type of data used is primary data. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25. The results showed that the first hypothesis of value for money has an effect on public service quality accepted. The second hypothesis of transparency as a moderating variable strengthen the effect of value for money on public service quality unaccepted
The Effect of Good Corporate Governance, Leverage, and Profitability on Earning Management with Firm Size as a Moderating Variable in Banking Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange
Authors: Putra Kevin Benika , . Erlina , . Rujiman
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of good corporate governance (managerial ownership, institutional ownership, number of commissioners, and audit committees), Leverage, and Profitability on Earnings Management in banking sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. In addition, this study also aims to determine whether firm size can be used as a moderating variable for the relationship between managerial ownership, institutional ownership, number of commissioners, audit committees, leverage, and profitability with earnings management.
The research design carried out is a causal relationship research with a quantitative approach. The sample in this research is 30 banking sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2021. The type of data used in this research is secondary data. The technique of determining the sample using purposive sampling. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression analysis and the residual test for the moderating variable, which was carried out with the help of Eviews 10 software.
The results in this study indicate that partially Managerial Ownership has a negative but not significant effect on Earnings Management, Institutional Ownership has a negative but not significant impact on Earnings Management, the number of the Board of Commissioners has a positive but not significant impact on Earnings Management and the Audit Committee has a negative but not significant effect on Profit Management, Leverage has
a negative but not significant impact on Earnings Management, and Profitability has a negative but not significant effect on Earnings Management. As well as other results show that firm size cannot moderate the impact of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, number of commissioners and audit committees, leverage, and profitability on company financial performance in banking sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.

Keywords: Good corporate governance, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, number of commissioners, audit committee, Leverage, Earnings Management Profitability, and Firm Size
The Influence of Canva Application Learning Media and Learning Motivation on Students' Islamic Religious Education Learning Outcomes at Panca Budi Elementary School, Medan
Authors: Nur Nasution Wahyuddin , Halimah Siti , Mahrisa Rika
Published: February 2023

Student learning outcomes are influenced by two factors, namely external factors and internal factors, where external factors consist of learning strategies, learning media, learning facilities and infrastructure, while internal factors are student learning motivation and student learning styles. In this case the teacher in carrying out the learning process with the aim of good learning outcomes, it is necessary to consider the selection of learning media and student learning motivation. Current developments allow teachers to create their own learning media according to learning needs by using several applications such as the Canva application. Using the Canva application is very easy for teachers to make learning media. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in student learning outcomes in the control class and the experimental class by considering student learning motivation. This research is a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research type with a 2 x 2 factorial design. To find out differences in student learning outcomes, a 2-way ANOVA test was carried out. Testing the learning media for the Canva video application with Canva Power Point obtained an f count of 0.02 <f table 4.05 indicating that the learning media for the Canva application did not have a significant effect on student learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education. The results of testing motivation to learn obtained f count 10.21 > f table 4.05 which means that there is a significant difference in student learning outcomes for students who have high learning motivation and low learning motivation. While testing the interaction between the Canva application learning media and learning motivation obtained f count 1.58 <f table 4.05 indicating that there is no interaction between the Canva application learning media and learning motivation in influencing student Islamic Religious Education learning outcomes.

Keywords: Learning Media, Canva Application, Learning Motivation, Learning Outcomes
Author's Tendency toward Patriarchal Culture in Novels by Khilma Anis
Authors: Farihah Ainiyatul , Setyaningsih Nas Haryati , Doyin Mukh
Published: February 2023

Literature as a cultural product reflects the social conditions of the stories it tells. In the pesantren ecosystem, the existence of the kiai as a central figure, social background and culture that is held for generations, has become the trigger for the roots of patriarchal culture to this day. Literature can be used as a means of conveying the author's ideology so that in literary works the author's tendencies can be identified. This study aims to analyze how the author's tendency towards patriarchal culture is reflected in Khilma Anis' novels. The objects studied were 3 novels by Khilma Anis, namely Jadilah Purnamaku, Ning (2016), Wigati: Lintang Manik Woro (2018), and Hati Suhita (2019). This research is a type of qualitative research. The approach used is feminist literary criticism. Data was collected by heuristic reading technique and then analyzed by hermeneutic technique. The results of the research show that in the novel Hati Suhita the author's tendency is the tendency to fight against patriarchal culture.

Keywords: author’s tendencies, feminist literary criticism, novels, patriarchy
Identification of Local Wisdom-Based Creative Economy in the City of Kediri
Authors: Muchson M. , Kusumaningtyas Dian , Agung Pratama Budiman
Published: February 2023

This study aims to describe the creative economy based on local wisdom in Kediri City, namely Weaving, Jaranan and Yellow Tofu. This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research. Methods of data collection using interviews, observation and documentation with research instruments using a list of questions and check lists. The results showed that weaving is located in the Bandar Kidul weaving industry center which began to stand around the 1950s with the main production being goyor sarongs, in its development weaving has now diversified into clothing fabrics, bags, shoes, cushion covers, tablecloths, pencil cases, tissue box and various other creative products. Jaranan Show: 1) Jaranan Dance, 2) Celeng Senggi Dance, 2) Penthul Tembem Dance, and 4) Barongan Dance, all of which feature dances. This Jaranan dance was inspired by the story of the Panji warriors who were training for war, which at first was just imitating with banana fronds and then developing into braids or woven bamboo with a long process of time. Jaranan dance became what we see today. Currently jaranan art has economic value, which is often responded to (performed) at certain events both the government and the community. History Tofu in Kediri was introduced by Chinese traders around the XII century and was only produced for commercial purposes in 1912 by Lauw Soen Hok or Bah Kacung. It was around 1970 that new producers appeared who produced Yellow and White Tofu in all corners of the city of Kediri. The conclusion of this study is Weaving, Jaranan and Yellow Tofu fulfill the requirements as a creative economy or creative products based on local wisdom in the City of Kediri and can be used as references or learning resources for creative economy subjects or courses.

Keywords: Creative Economy, Weaving, Jaranan, Yellow Tofu
Herbivory as a Tool in Conservation of Biological Diversity in Rangelands - Review
Authors: Goitsemodimo Nametso
Published: February 2023

There is a global concern on how the biodiversity can be maintained. Competition has a high importance in maintaining diversity, but there are mechanisms like disturbances that eliminate competition that may cause variations in species richness. Animals play a crucial role in influencing species composition and distribution in an environment. Although some studies have shown positive theoretical and practical results of herbivory, consequences are still debated among ecologists. Understanding of the herbivory contribution to biological diversity conservation and responses by plants in most regions can be the basic starting point in predicting the sustainability of plant species that can serve an ecological niche globally. The use of herbivores as biological controls and weed control has offered environmentally friendly alternative to herbicides as well as cost effectiveness and sustainability in biodiversity conservation. Timing of herbivory and herd density utilization, offer a mechanism that can manipulate ecosystem for positive results. Therefore, managing mammal densities rather than monitoring their effects could be a better approach in improving biodiversity. Large herbivores require high quantity and less quality plants and the reverse for small herbivores, thus, the plant abundance and quality requirements should differ for different herbivores depending on body sizes. This behaviour helps create plant heterogeneity or high biodiversity. Thus, this review may provide may provide more information that would be useful in establishing the relationship between herbivore and plant species diversity identifying existing and potential challenges pertaining to variation in the vegetation structure and other indices as influenced by grazing.

Keywords: herd size, insects, species richness, large herbivory, sustainability.
Deconstruction Of Content As Prevention Of Terrorism: Social Media Study Of The National Agency For Counterterrorism (BNPT)
Authors: Febrityas Febrityas , Syauqillah Muhammad
Published: February 2023

The role of government and society in social media is urgently needed as a counter-narratives of propaganda from terrorist group to against the spread of narratives of hoax, intolerance, extremism and radicalism. However, there is still a bias in building narratives against terrorist groups. It is necessary to carry out deconstruction efforts to prevent terrorism through the media. This study uses a virtual ethnographic approach to see how far the construction of counter-narratives, counter-propaganda is made by the government, so we can see things that need to be deconstructed. The results of the study show that in some BNPT social media, the counter-narrative content towards radical groups is more dominant, so it is giving rise to stigma, secondary deviation, and the difficulty of understanding the diction that appears in a counter-narrative content by the society. So that later it can be classified what can be consumed by the public and not. The public wants practical and instant content, short videos, and information that can be understood by all people.
Ketidaknyamanan Pegawai Pada Proses Integrasi Post Merger : Studi Kasus Pada Integrasi Terminal Pelindo Kepada Pelindo TPK
Authors: Puji Arifan Emil
Published: February 2023

One of the government's strategic programs to reduce national logistics costs by realizing a consolidation strategy for the unification of BUMN port services in 2021. A total of 15 container terminals that were originally managed from each Pelindo, will switch management (acquired) by Pelindo TPK. These changes may cause inconvenience. This then causes the phenomenon of change related to inconvenience which is interesting to study. This research was conducted using a qualitative method in the form of a case study. The population of this research is container terminal employees. The data collection method used was by conducting interviews and observations. The data analysis conducted in this study used critical incident technique (CIT) analysis. Employee discomfort is caused by employee concerns over the integration that occurs. The reaction/response shown by employees is shocked by the phase of change for the integration that occurs. The impact/consequence of the inconvenience is that it has the potential to cause disappointment from employees, thus causing problems related to the changes that occur, and will lead to rejection behavior from employees.
The Influences of Digital Technology, Digital Literacy, and Digital Marketing On The Performance of SMEs in Bekasi
Authors: Patria Harry , Fatchul Alam M. Arfani , Mulyadi Agus , Setyarko Ardhi
Published: February 2023

This research aimed to determine the influences of digital technology, digital literacy, and the use of digital marketing on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Bekasi, West Java. The study is quantitative research with a survey method. Study data were collected using a questionnaire technique with a sample of 338 respondents through convenience and snowball sampling. The SPSS software version 25.0 was used to analyze the research data. To ascertain the effects of independent variables on dependent variable, multiple regression analysis was used. This study has limitations, such as data collection was only limited in Bekasi area and the sampling was conducted without dividing the sector or business type of SMEs. Future studies in other areas with distinctive characteristics or in other parts of the world by using other methods such as random sampling by dividing SMEs based on business sector are potential to increase the model's validity and reliability. The findings of this study demonstrate that the use of digital technology, digital literacy, and digital marketing all significantly and favorably affect the performance of SMEs, with the usage of digital marketing having the most impact. By emphasizing the advancement of digital technology, employee digital literacy, and the use of digital marketing to enhance performance and maintain sustainable growth, the study's findings also offer SMEs improvement strategies.
Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan, Akses, Harga, dan Kompetensi Karyawan Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan PT Kereta Api Indonesia
Authors: Badriyah Nila , Kuswanto Arif
Published: February 2023

Indonesia's vast territory makes transportation one of the most important needs for Indonesian people. One of them is land transportation, of various kinds of land transportation, trains are one of the favorite transportation of the Indonesian people. By using the train, people can move from one area to another in a relatively short time and safely. PT Kereta Api Indonesia is a company that offers rail transportation services. One of the stations owned by PT Kereta Api Indonesia is Malang Kota Baru Station which is located in Malang City, East Java province, where this city is known as one of the tourist destinations of the Indonesian people. Therefore the management of the Malang Kota Baru Railway Station needs to provide satisfaction for customers who travel through this station. In the research being carried out, researchers will examine the effect of the variable dimensions of service quality, access, price, and employee competence on customer satisfaction at Malang City Baru Station. The type of research used is quantitative research using multiple linear regression analysis. The data was distributed using a questionnaire, and was addressed to 400 respondents who were passengers at Malang Kota Baru Station. The results showed that service quality and access variables had a significant influence on customer satisfaction. Meanwhile, other variables, namely price and employee competence, have no significant effect on customer satisfaction at Malang Kota Baru station.
Reduction of Poverty via Remittance: An Analysis of Fiji’s Rural Households
Authors: Gosai Sharnit Shalveen , Deo Ashwin
Published: February 2023

Remittance has been a global phenomenon and has built practical consensus. Remittances have supported financially to many individuals. An early migrant who has left the host nation and is living in a foreign country returns to their society or family members. In Fiji, almost 30 percent live below the national poverty line, which has worsened after the impact of COVID-19. Most of them reside in informal settlements with a lack of housing amenities. The article will explore the impact of remittance on poor people who receive money from families abroad and how these households manage the funds received. Generally, it is understood that remittance has a positive impact on alleviating poverty. Therefore, the paper will explore whether remittance has significantly enabled households to reduce poverty. The paper will investigate ways to analyse the significance, such as if requesting remittance plays a crucial role. To determine the remittance sent, the paper tries to find if it is based on the request made or sent by their own will. To assess the impact of remittance, the paper will analyse primary (survey) data and determine the real purpose of remittance usage by households living in poverty. The paper evaluates 159 households living in informal settlements and rural areas.
Survey of conceptual and taxonomic characteristics of the Families Acartophthalmidae, Canacidae and Carnidae (Insecta: Diptera)
Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Published: February 2023

The Acartophthalmidae family includes tiny to small dark flies with hyaline or infuscate wings along the coast. Adults live in the forest, where they are associated with decaying substances such as wood, fungi, carrion, excrement and rotten meat. The Canacidae are found along the sea coasts, on the surface of small bodies of water, saline and fresh, in places protected from the wind. They feed on infusoria and other tiny organisms. In Carnidae, the larvae are saprophagous or coprophagous (they live in the litter of birds' nests). Pupae are enclosed within a puparium and bird nests are micro-ecosystems with diverse communities of invertebrates, from ectoparasitoids to commensal species. The objective of this manuscript was to carry out a survey of the Families Acartophthalmidae, Canacidae and Carnidae regarding their biology, ecology, geographic distribution, and taxonomy. The systematized bibliographic study, of the descriptive and exploratory type of the Families Acartophthalmidae and Canacidae. The bibliographic search included the LILACS databases at: http://www.bireme.br/, in electronic journals available at the SciELO and USP databases: http: //www.usp.br/ and in theoretical books, these banks, university dissertations, national and international scientific articles, scientific journals, documents. The main terms used were: Diptera, flies, Acartophthalmidae, Canacidae and Carnidae.
Gingival Enlargement in Orthodontic Patients: Effect of Treatment Duration
Authors: Zahid Haider , Ahmad Nofil , Faisal Mir Hadi , Sabir Waqas , Shehzad Sofia , Hasan Naseer
Published: February 2023

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of the duration of ﬁxed orthodontic treatment on gingival enlargement (GE) in patients. Study Design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration: Department of Orthodontics in Frontier Medical and Dental College from June 2021 – December 2021. Methodology: A total of 260 patients aged 10-30 years were enrolled. All the patients were divided into 4 groups: G0, G1, G2 and G3. A predesigned questionnaire was used to collect data. Clinical examinations were performed by an examiner. Results: There was a total of 260 patients with 107 male and 153 female participants. Increasing means of plaque, gingivitis, and GE in G0, G1, and G2 were found. No signiﬁcant differences were observed between G2 and G3. Conclusion: With increasing the duration of orthodontic treatment, the incidence of GE also increased. Keywords: Gingival enlargement, fixed orthodontic treatment
The Short Term Outcome of Therapeutic Hypothermia Compared with Standard Treatment among Asphyxiated Newborns Presenting after 6 hours of Life
Authors: Laal Javed , Javaid Zunaira , Anwar Muhammad , Iqbal Amjad , Ahmad Ameer
Published: February 2023

Objectives: To compare the short term outcome of therapeutic hypothermia in asphyxiated newborn with standard treatment presenting after 6 hours of life. Methodology: It was Randomized controlled trial conducted in the department of Pediatric Medicine, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur from December 2018 to June 2019 after taking ethical approval from institutional ethical review committee and informed written consent from parents of patients. Confidentiality of the data was maintained and it was assured that no harm to study participants is done. A total of 108 term neonates with moderate to severe HIE presenting >6 hours of life were included. Preterm infants, major congenital anomaly and overt bleeding were excluded. Then selected patients were placed randomly into Group A (hypothermia group) & Group B (conservative group), by using lottery method. Outcome variable like mortality within 1st week was noted. There was no conflict of interest in the study and funding was done by the authors. Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 17.69 ± 6.68 hours and in group B was 17.60 ± 6.65 hours. Out of 108 patients, 62 (57.41%) were males and 46 (42.59%) were females with male to female ration of 1.3:1. There was mortality within one week (short term outcome) in 07 (12.96%) patients in Group A (hypothermia group) while in Group B (conservative group), it was seen in 16 (29.63%) patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is benefit of therapeutic hypothermia in asphyxiated newborns after 6 hours of life and short term outcome is better after therapeutic hypothermia in asphyxiated newborns. Keywords: Asphyxia, Encephalopathy, Mortality, Cooling.
Evaluation of Clinical Spectrum of Kala Pathar Poisoning at Jinnah Hospital Lahore
Authors: Rehan Ali , Chaudhry Sidra Sonia , Moinuddin Imran Ahmed , Nayyer Naveed
Published: February 2023

Objectives: To study the frequency of different clinical presentations of kala pathar poisoning at Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Study design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration: Department of Medicine, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from April 2021 to October 2021. Methodology: A total of 90 patients with h/o kala pathar poisoning of both sex and of age 20-50 year were included. Case sheet of patients were prepared for age & sex and clinical presentation i.e. pain in throat, dysphagia, dysphonia, cervico-facial edema, difficulty in opening mouth, dark urine, acute renal failure, sinus tachycardia and sinus bradycardia. Results: Mean age was 33.69 ± 7.91 years. Out of 90 patients, 54 (60.0%) were males and 36 (40.0%) were females with male to female ratio of 1.5:1. Mean duration of kala pathar intake was 7.33 ± 5.86 hours. The main presentation of kala pathar poisoning was pain in throat (98.89%), dysphagia (100%), dysphonia (100%), cervico-facial edema (97.78%), difficulty in opening mouth (98.89%), dark urine (86.67%), acute renal failure (44.44%), sinus tachycardia (88.89%) and sinus bradycardia (21.11%). Conclusion: This study concluded that pain in throat, dysphagia and dysphonia are the common clinical presentations of kala pathar poisoing followed by cervico-facial edema, difficulty in opening mouth, dark urine, acute renal failure, sinus tachycardia and sinus bradychardia. Keywords: Kala pathar poisoning, dysphagia, dysphonia, angioedema, sinus tachycardia.
A Study of Transvaginal Ultrasonography in diagnosis of Endometrial Pathology in abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Ali Syeda , Akhtar Faryal , Awan Maham Munir , Siddiqui Mustafa Ali , Saqib Hammad Ahmad , Zahra Mahwish , Khan M.M.
Published: February 2023

Objective: To evaluate the utility of transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) in assessing the pathologic causes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB). Methodology: The descriptive study was conducted in Gynecology Unit Nishtar Hospital Multan from July-2021 to July-2022. A total of 80 women with diagnosis of AUB were recruited. Every patient with an AUB underwent TVS. The thickness of the endometrium, its echogenicity, the size of the uterus, and any uterine or adnexal abnormality observed. Results: Mean age was 46.16±9.50 years with range 25-60 years. Regarding menopausal status, 35 (43.75%) females were pre-menopausal and 45 (56.25%) were post-menopausal.On TVS findings, normal proliferative endometrium was found in 26 (32.5%) cases, endometrial polyps in 22 (27.5%) cases,myomas in 12 (15.0%) cases, hyperplasia in 12 (15.0%) cases, endometrial atrophy in 5 (6.25%) cases, and suspicious looking endometrium in 3 (3.75%) cases. Practical Implications: The study is very useful, knowledgeable, cost efficient and cost effective. Conclusion: TVS is a safe, rapid and cost-effective modality for the diagnosis of endometrial pathologies. Endometrial polyps, myomas and hyperplasia are common cause of AUB. Keywords: Transvaginal ultrasonography, abnormal uterine bleeding, polyps.
Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Private clinics in Hyderabad, Pakistan
Authors: Ayub Hina , Solangi Muhammad Aslam , Arain Mudassar Iqbal
Published: February 2023

Background: Diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia, a metabolic disorder resulting from defects in insulin secretion, action, or both. The traditional treatment choices available for diabetes include medications that are oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin. Due to the introduction of several medications during the past 20 years, the identification of adverse drug reactions has gained importance. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the adverse drug reactions among diabetic patients and patients’ variables that were linked to the adverse drug reactions. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: This research was done at private clinics in Hyderabad, Pakistan, from August 2021 to January 2022. Methodology: Three hundred and seventy seven participants and the data regarding baseline characteristics of participants, adverse drug reactions reported were analyzed together with the assessment of causality and severity of unwanted reactions. Results: Two hundred and forty one (63.9%) were males and 136 (36.1%) were females. Only 19 (5%) reported adverse drugs reactions. Hypoglycemia was the most commonly reported adverse drug reaction i.e.11 ((57.9%). On causality assessment, most of the adverse drug reactions fell under the category of probable adverse drug reaction i.e.15 (78.9%). Four (21.1%) of them had the doubtful relation with the medications. The majority of the adverse drug reactions that were reported by the participants were found to be moderately severe 13 (68.4%), when analyzed through severity assessment scale. Six (31.6%) were belonged to mildly severe category. Conclusion: The upper age group, male gender, and diabetes duration of more than 5 years were associated with a higher incidence of adverse drug reactions. This study gave in depth analysis of adverse drugs reactions reported in the patients of diabetes mellitus together with the nature of adverse drug reactions reported. A better patient outcome would result from the clinical pharmacist's active participation in adverse drug resistance. Keywords: Adverse drug resistance (ADR), Diabetes mellitus, Hypoglycemia, Severity
Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Academic Performance of Nursing Students at CMH, Lahore
Authors: Tanveer Hira , Munir Ibtehaj , Osama Muhammad , Zia Muhammed Robass , Chattha Irsa Rafique , Zaffar Sehrish
Published: February 2023

Objective: The objective was to establish a quantifiable link between sleep depression and GPA of nursing students. Study Design: This is a cross sectional, observational analytical study. Place and duration: It was conducted in CMH Lahore Institute of Nursing for a duration of 4 months. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at CMH Medical College, Lahore. A total of 41 willing students were included. After informed verbal consent, a predesigned questionnaire, adopted from similar studies, was used to obtain information regarding individual sleep hours, duty hours, perceptions regarding their sleep patterns and their GPA (academic performance). All the data was collected using Google Forms. The data was analysed using SPSS software. Results: A total of 41 participants were included in the study. The mean age of these participants was 19.76±0.97 years. Mean GPA was 3.44±0.21. Majority of the students believed that 12-hour shifts negatively impact their attention span in class (87.8 percent) and consequently their study routines (95.1 percent). A cumulative 82.9 percent of the participants felt that they needed more sleep for better patient safety and academic performance. Conclusion: The mean GPAs, sleep lengths, and wake/sleep times did not vary much within the sample population. However, apparent sleep quality and perceived tiredness varied significantly, with the respondents reporting a grave concern about patient welfare and future academic performance. Keywords: Sleep, sleep deprivation, GPA, performance.
Comparative Study of Dexmedtomidine & Propofol Infusion for Intro-Operative Hemodynamic & Recovery Characteristics in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy – A Prospective, Randomized Control Study
Authors: Hassan Sarosh Ul , Abbas Nighat , Tariq Sabahat , Murtaza Ghulam , Iftekhar Arif , Moazzam Hiba
Published: February 2023

Objective: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine and propofol in responding to hemodynamic changes to pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, as well as to evaluate differences in the time it takes to extubate, the patient's hemodynamic status upon extubation, the patient's level of sedation following extubation, and the occurrence of any side effects. Study Design: Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial Study Place and Duration: Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi. Conducted over a period of 6months from January 2022 to June 2022 Methods: A total of 100 patients (aged 20-60) in Physical Status Classes 1 and 2 as defined by the American Society of Anesthesiologists were randomly split into two groups (P and D). Patients in Group P were given propofol at a rate of 100 micrograms per kilogramme per minute (g/kg/min) after intubation until the end of pneumoperitoneum, while those in Group D were given dexmedetomidine at a rate of 1 micro Multiple readings of HR and MAP were taken at different points in the operation. Measurements of the Resuscitation Success Rate (RSR) and the Modified Alderate Scale (MAS) were also taken 15 and 30 minutes after operation. Results: Showed that during pneumoperitoneum, Group D significantly decreased HR and MAP compared to Group P, which allowed for superior preservation of hemodynamic stability. In contrast to Group P, patients in Group D remained sleepy for up to 30 minutes after surgery. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is more effective at suppressing the hemodynamic stress response to pneumoperitoneum during infusion than propofol is, whereas propofol is more effective at speeding up recovery time. Keywords: Dexmedetomidine, hemodynamics, laparoscopy, propofol, pneumoperitonuim
An Observational Study on Autopsies
Authors: Zaheen Uzma , Sukhera Khyzer Hayat , Hassaan Muhammad , Mirza Mansoora , Mustafa Tayyaba Amjad , Ramzan Shaiqa
Published: February 2023

Objective: To find out and evaluate to the number of cases, natural of cases (known, unknown) and unique reference to mode, manner and cause of death of medicolegal autopsies Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Forensic Medicine, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2022. Methodology: Two hundred and forty six medicolegal autopsies were gathered. The perceptions kept in proforma with an accentuation on the gender of subjects, cause of death (natural, un-natural), manner of death, mode of death of known and unknown cases and month-wise variation of post-mortems. Results: One hundred and eight were natural deaths and 138 were un-natural. Gunshots represented 36% of the deaths through 18% were physical assault related deaths.158 cases were known while the 88 were obscure cases. Conclusion: In larger part of the medicolegal post-mortems male populace was involved and brought about by gunshot wounds (homicidal). August and October were the months where greater part of the cases came. Keywords: Medicolegal autopsy. Mode, Manner, Known and un-known
Comparison of Modified Mallampati Classification and Thyromental Height to Predict Difficult Intubation
Authors: Aslam Tayyeba , Ahmed Taoseef , Kashif Ali , Khurshid Hana , Zafar Sibgha , Ashraf Samina
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Difficult intubation is an emergency situation that an anaesthetist come across frequently. It is a frequent cause of mortality in practice of anesthesia. Mallampati classification (MPC) of the oropharyngeal structures is a simple test to assess anticipated difficult airway for endotracheal intubation. thyromental height (TMH) test is now also commonly used to predict difficult intubation. Objective: To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of modified mallampati classification and thyromental height using Cormack and Lehane's classification of laryngoscopy as a gold standard. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional validation study. Setting: Department of Anaesthesia, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi. Duration: 20-Sep-2021 to 19-Mar-2022. Material and Methods: A total number of 1035 were included in this study. Pre-operatively modified Mallampati test (MMT) and TMH test was performed. Mallampati class III and IV were considered difficult. While TMH height >50 mm was considered as difficult intubation. Difficult intubation equipment’s was ready, i.e. stylet, boogie, LMA, I-gel. General anaesthesia was induced in the operating room after collecting baseline vital signs. After three minutes, a skilled anesthesiologist performed a laryngoscopy while the patient was sniffing. To validate the diagnosis of difficult intubation, the laryngeal view was appraised using a modified Cormack and Lehane (C-L) grading system. Results: Mean age of patients was 40.16±12.19 years. Mean height of patients was 152.94±8.32 cm, mean weight was 65.01±13.59 Kg and Mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.78±5.64 kg/m2. There were 768 (74.20%) males and 267 (25.80%) females. TMH was 77.8% sensitive, 94.6% specific having 70.0% PPV, 96.3% NPV and 92.27% accuracy. On diagnostic accuracy of MMP taking difficult intubation according to standard as gold standard, MMP was 92.4% sensitive, 90.1% specific having 60.2% PPV, 98.6% NPV and 90.3% accuracy. Practical implications: Thyromental Height (TMH) needs more broad usage in multiple settings to be validated as a single most important predictor of difficult laryngoscopy. It will thus be used widely all over the country rendering fewer complications for the patients. Conclusion: TMH was the test that was most sensitive and accurate at foretelling difficult laryngoscopy when compared to the modified Mallampati score. TMH has potential as a single anatomical metric to predict the possibility of a difficult laryngoscopy. Keywords: Mallampati classification, thyromental height, Cormack and Lehane's classification, laryngoscopy.
Chronic heart failure and COVID-19
Authors: Nasirova G. A  , Mukhamedova M. G
Published: February 2023

The coronavirus pandemic has caused a rapid increase in the number of cases and high deaths worldwide. A new coronavirus infection in the presence of an initial cardiac pathology can provoke decompensation of chronic heart failure. The article shows current information on the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and organ-specific lesions that develop in this disease is presented. Data on inflammation and its biochemical markers, on the features of coagulopathy, endothelial damage and microthromboses has been reflected in detail in this article. Particular attention is paid to the role of type 2 angiotensin-converting enzyme receptors and type 2 transmembrane serine protease in the development of organ-specific lesions in COVID-19. The pathogenesis of damage to the cardiovascular system is considered in detail with the presentation of data from latest literature on changes in the myocardium in patients who underwent COVID-19.
EXTRACTION AND DETERMINATION THE OF BETA CAROTENE CONTENTIN CARROTS AND TOMATO SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM SOME MARKETS AT ELBEIDA CITY, LIBYA
Authors: .M. Hasan Hamade , S.A. Mohamad Abdelraziq. , .A. A. Aldaaiek Gebreel
Published: February 2023

Beta carotene an antioxidant compound, it is a substance that inhibits the oxidation of other molecules. Free radicals damage cells through oxidation. Eventually, the damage caused by free radicals can cause several chronic illnesses, in our study Beta carotene was extracted by ethanol / dichloro methane (solvents) from the carrots and tomato samples which collected from some markets in ElBeida City (Libya). The Beta carotene contents were measured by using a spectrophotometer. The UV spectrophotometric method which carried in this study gave excellent linearity standard curve (r 2= 0.993) in the concentrations a range of (10 - 80 ppm), the concentrations of extracted Beta carotene ranged from (4.9-72.63 ppm). A compassion between the contents of Beta carotene in fresh and storage vegetables was studied, in addition the comparison between Libyan and Egyptian carrots and tomato samples. The results of compassion not showed wide difference.