bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SEJARAH MASUKNYA PERGERAKAN MAHASISWA ISLAM INDONESIA DI UIN RADEN FATAH PALEMBANG
Authors: Rama Saputra
Published: September 2024

Pergerakan Mahasiswa Islam Indonesia atau yang biasa disingkat dengan PMII merupakan organisasi yang lahir dari sebuah organisasi Ikatan Pelajar NahdlatuliUlama IPNU pada 17 April tahun 1960 di Surabaya. Sejarah berdirinya PMII ialah Departemen Perguruan Tinggi IPNU dan IPPNU yang didirikan pada tanggal 27-23 Desember 1959 di Muktamar III di Cirebon, Jawa Barat. PMII merupakan sebuah singkatan dari organisasi Pergerakan Mahasiswa Islam Indonesia, yang dalam setiap katanya mengandung arti ataupun makna yang mencerminkan anggota dan kader-kader nya. PMII merupakan Organisasi kemahasiswaan yang sudah menyebar luas ke berbagai kampus di seluruh indonesia seperti di Kampus UIN Raden Fatah Palembang.
Islam Di Komering Desa Betung Kec. Semendawai Barat, Kab. Oku Timur, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Ahimsa Pramudia Taaruf
Published: September 2024

The history of the entry and development of Islam in Komering Betung is one of the phenomena of the development of Islam in Indonesia, especially in South Sumatra. The presence of several ulama in the 16th to 18th centuries in the Komering area was a trigger for the development of Islam in Komering. Of the many ulama, there are 3 ulama who started preaching in Komering, one of which is Tuan Di Pulau (Sayid Hamimul Hamiem) whose grave is currently in Campang Tiga Village, Kec. Cempaka. He is a Komering Muslim figure who is said to be the forerunner of Islam in Komering Betung. Islam in Komering had several triggers for its development, one of which, apart from the ulama who started arriving, was the end of the conflict between the Abung Tribe and the Komering Tribe in Komering in the 17th century. So after the conflict was over, the development of Islam spread further to the Uluan and Ilir areas, assisted by with the presence of Makkah scholars who gradually came to this area in the 18th century AD. Apart from the historical aspect, the discovery of Islamic archaeological objects and material heritage is one of the authentic evidences of Islamic history in Komering Betung.
KH. MUHAMMAD NAWAWI: Tokoh Nahdaltul Ulama dan Laskar Hisbulloh Mojokerto 1929-1946
Authors: Izzul Mudoffar A , Afiyanto Hendra
Published: September 2024

Muhammad Nawawi is a village kiai who is one of the founders of Nahdlatul Ulama Mojokerto and the first Islamic madrasa in Mojokerto. During the war in 1945 in Surabaya, KH Muhammad Nawawi was also active in the battle as a member of the Laskar Hisbullah Mojokerto. In this study, there are three formulations of the problem, first, how is the biography and life journey of KH. Muhammad Nawawi? Second, what is the role of KH. Muhammad Nawawi in Mojokerto's Nahdlatul Ulama? Third, how did KH Muhammad Nawawi contribute to Laskar Hisbullah in Mojokerto? This study aims to determine the form of KH Muhammad Nawawi's dedication to the people of Mojokerto. This study uses historical research methods, namely: heuristic, source verification, interpretation, and historiography. Some of the findings include: first, KH Muhammad Nawawi is the son of Munadi who has a lineage from KH Mutamakkin, second, KH Muhammad Nawawi is the founder of Nahdlatul Ulama Mojokerto, who actively descends to the branch, third, KH Muhammad Nawawi is a member of the Hizbullah ranks who participated in fighting the allies in the Surabaya war.
HIRING-HIRING :EKSISTENSI SASTRA LISAN MASYARAKAT KOMERING
Authors: Fahira Setya , Syawaluddin Mohammad , Khudin Sholeh
Published: September 2024

This article is entitled "The Existence of Hiring-Hiring as Oral Literature in the Komering Society of East OKU Regency" where the research was conducted in the village of Mengulak, Madang Suku I sub-district. The problems in this research are: How does Hiring-Hiring exist in the life of the Komering people in Mekulak village, OKU Timur district. The research method used is a qualitative method with a historical approach which in practice goes through four stages of historical research, namely heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The data analysis process goes through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Sources of data in this study were obtained from observational studies, documentation, and interviews. The functionalism theory of Brownislaw Malinowski is used to ensure the existence of a culture, in this case the Hiring-Hiring tradition. The results of the study show that Hiring-Hiring as an oral tradition in the Komering community in Mengulak village has been going on for a long time, and has been inherited from generation to generation, at least the closest period known to the practicing community was in the 19th century, namely along with the development of the pantun concept in the entire Malay Universe. The condition of Hiring-Hiring as a tradition as well as Komering oral literature can be said to be on the verge of extinction, but traditional leaders are trying to return to the culture of Hiring-Hiring on Komering land, especially in Mengulak Village, Madang Suku I District, by demonstrating it in various ceremonies and events, such as traditional ceremonies, weddings, circumcisions, cultural arts performances at schools and so on.
Kontribusi K.H. Muhammad Amin Azhari dalam Menyebarkan Agama Islam melalui Pendidikan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Najahiyah Palembang
Authors: Heryati Heryati , Rusdiana Yusinta Tia , Damayanti Selvina
Published: September 2024

This research was motivated by the author's desire to know the contribution of K.H. Muhammad Amin Azhari in spreading Islam through education at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Najahiyah. This research method is a qualitative research method. The type of research is descriptive qualitative with a historical approach. The data collection process is observation, interviews, documentation and literature study. The data analysis technique is using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions (1) The history of the founding of the Najahiyah Ibtidaiyah Madrasah is that this madrasah was a madrasah endowed by the Palembang cleric, namely K.H. Muhammad Amin Azhari to spread Islam through education (2) Contribution of K.H. Muhammad Amin Azhari in spreading Islam through education, namely after he donated his land to build the Najahiyah madrasah, after the establishment of this madrasah, he participated in teaching religious sciences, such as Tauhid and Fiqh (3) The existence of the Najahiyah Madrasah had a positive impact on the people of Palembang, especially in the upper 3-4 regions in the socio-religious, socio-cultural and socio-economic fields, it is still around.
Historical Studies: The Social Life Of Muslim Minorities In The United States
Authors: Azizah Faras Puji , Aprilia Mona
Published: September 2024

This article describes the history of Islamic civilization in the Muslim minority country of America. The United States is secular but provides opportunities for every religion to grow and develop. The development of Islam in America cannot be separated from the scholars there. The method used in this paper is the Library research method (literature study). The results of this study noted that Islam is very developed in America compared to other religions when many Americans embrace Islam. Several Islamic financial and banking institutions were established in America Finance House Riba in California, which offers home financing based on Sharia principles. In addition, the emergence of Islamic economics and finance in this country was not as smooth as in other countries. Muslim minorities have established large organizations to help each other, such as ISNA, CAIR, and Islamic Relief USA.
Timah dalam Pembentukkan Budaya dan Ekonomi Masyarakat Bangka
Authors: ‘Ulya Inarotul , Amilda Amilda , Otoman Otoman
Published: September 2024

This research begins with the assumption that the tin policy during the Palembang- Independence Sultanate had an influence on the cultural and economic formation of the Bangka people. This research is a library research using a historical approach. Primary data used in this research was obtained from the PT, Timah Tbk Museum Archives in Pangkalpinang. The theory used in this research is the theory of historical materialism by Karl Marx. The results of this research show that the existence of policies on tin mining from the time of the Palembang Sultanate until independence had a direct impact on the people of Bangka who could not access natural tin resources because they were controlled by tin rulers. The existence of tin mining activities then contributed to the formation of culture and economic changes in the people of Bangka.
Menapaki Jejak Kebangkitan Pendidikan Islam di Era Pasca Reformasi (1998-2000): Sebuah Kajian Historis
Authors: Amy Mustauda  , Nafiah Lintang Riyanto  , Dody Sugiharto
Published: September 2024

The history of Islamic education in Indonesia spans from the arrival of Islam and has been influenced by government policies and socio-political dynamics. The Reform era brought significant changes in efforts to renew Islamic education to meet contemporary needs and strengthen Indonesia's national identity. Islamic organizations such as Salafi (Wahhabi), integrated Islamic schools, and the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) have influenced Islamic educational policies. The research method employed was literature review, a qualitative approach relying on theoretical analysis from scholarly literature. The conclusion highlights that Salafi ideology underpins the establishment of educational institutions and foundations involved in disseminating Wahhabi doctrine through preaching and book publication. This movement has also influenced the formation of Islamic movements in Indonesia. Integrated Islamic schools, pioneered by activists from various campuses, emerged partly due to concerns over children's moral conduct and inadequate parental supervision. Significant changes and reforms include curriculum improvements, enhancement of teacher quality, and educational policies affecting the national education system. The Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), starting from nurturing cadres and campus preaching, has evolved into a influential political force. PKS has laid a strong foundation for Islamic education programs and social initiatives. The influence of PKS is evident in improving the quality of Islamic education at elementary and secondary levels, as well as in shaping a strong Islamic identity among educated middle-class communities.
Tradisi Kumpolan Di Desa Tanah Abang Utara Kec. Tanah Abang Kab. Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir
Authors: Destri Windiastiti  , Endang Rochmiatun  , Padila
Published: September 2024

This research explains the Kumpolan tradition in Tanah Abang Utara village, Tanah Abang subdistrict, Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir district. This study used qualitative research methods. A framework is needed to provide an explanation of the object of the main problem in more detail, the first main problem is how the Kumpolan traditional procession is in Tanah Abang Utara village, Tanah Abang subdistrict, Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir district. Second, what are the religious values contained in the Kumpolan tradition? This research uses religious value theory. The data sources used in this research are primary sources in the form of interviews with traditional leaders, village heads, traders and so on as well as secondary sources in the form of theses, journals and books related to this research.The results of the university's research show that the Kumpolan tradition was first formed from the habit of people who like to gather together while slaughtering buffalo, cows and goats, which was done during the Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Fitr holidays. It is on this day that all people carry out transactions. buying and selling meat from animals that have been slaughtered. This habit carried out by the people over time formed into a tradition which was named the Kumpolan tradition. The name Kumpolan itself was created according to the people's habit of often gathering, therefore the people gave the tradition the name Kumpolan which means gathering. As time goes by, currently the only animal used in Kumpolan traditional events is the Saia cow.
Characteristics of General Language Teaching and Academic Language Teaching as a Foreign Language: Learner’s Views
Authors: Aydoğdu İsmail , Göçen Gökçen
Published: September 2024

Foreign language teaching is divided into general and special purpose language teaching. Foreign language education offers general language courses at five levels starting from A1 to C1. In addition to the four core language skills, grammar and vocabulary are also taught. Special-purpose language teaching is divided into two categories: professional and academic language. Academic language courses are also provided within a specific program and duration. This study compares general language teaching and academic language teaching based on learner views. Phenomenology, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the study. In this context, the study data consists of the opinions of 64 learners in the Academic Turkish class at Sakarya University TÖMER. The learners were asked about the similarities and differences as well as the main features of these courses using a semi-structured interview form. The answers to the questions were analyzed by content analysis. This study identified 8 themes and 106 sub-themes. Although the themes occur at different frequencies in general language and academic language courses, the eight common themes are as follows: quality in teaching, purpose in teaching, subject in teaching, utilization of activities in teaching, language use in teaching, content in teaching, utilization of texts in teaching and process in teaching.
Analysis of the Spatial Distribution of Seawater Intrusion Using a Hydrogeochemical Approach: A Study of the Coastal Geology of Kebumen Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Zahroh Faidatuz , Mujib Muhammad Asyroful , Astutik Sri , Apriyanto Bejo , Pangastuti Era Iswara
Published: September 2024

This study examines seawater intrusion in the southern part of Kebumen District, focusing on the impact of various geological formations on groundwater salinity. Groundwater samples were systematically collected from 11 locations representing alluvial, volcanic, coastal sediment, and karst geological conditions. The samples were analyzed for major ions, including calcium (Ca²⁺), magnesium (Mg²⁺), chloride (Cl-), and bicarbonate (HCO₃-), as well as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). Ion ratios such as Mg²⁺/Ca²⁺, Cl⁻/HCO₃⁻, and Mg²⁺/(Mg²⁺+Ca²⁺), along with the Fraction of Seawater (fsea), were calculated to assess the extent of seawater intrusion. The study employed the Gibbs diagram method to identify the primary processes controlling groundwater chemistry, revealing that water-rock interactions are dominant in most samples, particularly in those affected by seawater intrusion. The results indicate significant seawater intrusion in alluvial and karst regions, especially at sampling points TP 2, TP 4, and TP 10, while volcanic and coastal sediment areas show minimal intrusion. These findings underscore the critical influence of geological conditions on seawater intrusion and highlight the need for targeted groundwater management strategies. Further research focusing on long-term monitoring is recommended to better understand and mitigate the impacts of seawater intrusion in this region.
Analysis of Urban Form Dynamics in The Suburbs of Surakarta City 2013-2023
Authors: Marfu'ah Istiyanti Nur , Novani Rita , Wijayanti Pipit , Susilawati Siti Azizah
Published: September 2024

Urban Form has become necessary for city planning management to see the sustainability of a city. A better understanding of different urban forms is imperative to facilitate the evolution of cities towards a more sustainable urban development trajectory in the future. The study aims to analyze the dynamics of urban form and the changes in land cover within the peri-urban area of Surakarta City, which is directly influenced by the development of Surakarta City. The analysis was conducted from a landscape ecology perspective, employing a spatial metrics approach at the landscape level to assess the dynamics of urban form using quantitative descriptive, including a spatial approach.  A similar approach was adopted at the class level in order to examine the dynamics of land cover changes. The results of the image analysis were validated using the Kappa index, yielding an image accuracy level of 0.86 (86%). The results of this study show that the urban form in the peri-urban area of Surakarta City tends to move towards a compact urban form. Meanwhile, each land cover, vegetation, and water body become increasingly fragmented, with areas becoming narrower as time passes. Built-up and agricultural land are becoming more compact and concentrated along with development. In conclusion, the dynamics of urban form in the peri-urban area of Surakarta City tends to lead to compact urban form.
Adaptation Strategy of Indonesia’s Tokutei Ginou Workers: Case Study of Hokkaido’s Hospitality Industry
Authors: Rizkiawan Pratama Tubagus , Srimulyani Nunuk Endah
Published: September 2024

Indonesian Migrant Workers with tokutei ginou (specified skilled worker) visas in Japan experience problems and obstacles while working in Japan. To overcome these problems, they carry out adaptation strategies for each problem. This study aims to find out the problems of Indonesian migrant workers in Japan and how to adapt to these problems. This research is descriptive qualitative research and uses a case study approach. The objects in this research are three Indonesian Migrant Workers with tokutei ginou visas who work in the hospitality industry in Hokkaido, Japan. In collecting data, in-depth interviews were conducted. The results of this research reveal that Indonesian migrant workers experience several problems while working in Japan, such as differences in habits, work culture, language barriers, environmental conditions, absence of places of worship, and incompatibility of work contracts. From these problems, the migrant workers have ways to deal with these problems in order to adapt in Japan. Such as adjusting to the habits of Japanese society, relearning the Japanese language, familiarizing themselves with the weather conditions in Japan, and worshiping in their respective residences. It can be concluded that the adaptation strategies carried out by Indonesian migrant workers based on John William Bennett's theory are 1) adaptive behavior to adjust differences in habits; 2) adaptive strategy to deal with problems of work culture, language, environment, and religion; and 3) adaptive process to deal with work culture problems.
Influence of Haji no Bunka on the Decline of Population in Japan
Authors: Embriano Vickryan , Yuniarsih  , Mulya Komara
Published: September 2024

Penurunan populasi penduduk di Jepang menjadi perhatian utama seiring berjalannya waktu, menciptakan tantangan serius bagi negara tersebut. Faktor-faktor seperti rendahnya angka kelahiran, perubahan norma sosial, dan pergeseran peran gender, yang juga dipengaruhi oleh budaya malu, menjadi aspek penyebab penurunan. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi haji no bunka terhadap penurunan populasi di Jepang. Penulisan ini menggunakan instrumen pengumpulan data berupa angket. Dasar penyusunan angket ini menggunakan beberapa variabel seperti harga diri, etos kerja, penurunan populasi di Jepang serta haji no bunka. Responden dari angket tersebut adalah masyarakat Jepang. Dari hasil penulisan ini diketahui bahwa haji no bunka secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi penurunan populasi di Jepang. Penulisan ini menjelaskan pengaruh haji no bunka dalam memahami dinamika penurunan populasi, menyoroti bahwa aspek-aspek seperti harga diri dan etos kerja juga turut berperan penting dalam membentuk keputusan hidup masyarakat Jepang yang belum menikah. Dengan menggunakan variabel-variabel ini, angket membantu menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penurunan jumlah penduduk di negara Jepang.
Pengembangan Media Video Pembelajaran Kosakata Bahasa Jepang dengan Voice Over pada Kandidat Pemagang Bidang Souzai Seizougyou di LPK Hishou Universal Style Bangli
Authors: Dea Sri Larasati Ni Made , Suartini Ni Nengah , Antartika I Kadek
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D). Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk  mengembangkan media video pembelajaran bahasa Jepang, khususnya kosakata yang berkaitan dengan souzai seizougyou dan untuk menguji kelayakan video pembelajaran tersebut bagi kandidat pemagang bidang souzai seizougyou di LPK Hishou Universal Style Bangli, Bali. Media ini menghasilkan 10 video pembelajaran. Pada setiap video terdiri atas pengenalan kosakata, latihan pengucapan, dan latihan soal dengan menggunakan voice over penutur asli. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model Four-D (4D) oleh S. Thiagarajan, Dorothy S. Semmel, dan Melvyn L Semmel (1974) yang terdiri atas empat tahapan yakni Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian pengembangan ini adalah data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode wawancara dan angket uji ahli (uji ahli materi, uji ahli media) dan uji coba produk secara terbatas agar dapat menghasilkan produk yang optimal. Berdasarkan hasil angket, skor yang diperoleh dari ahli materi yakni 87,5 (sangat sesuai), dari ahli media 95,31 (sangat sesuai). Kemudian, skor yang diperoleh dari uji coba dengan instruktur yakni 100 (sangat sesuai) dan uji coba dengan kandidat pemagang yakni 98% (sangat layak). Dengan demikian, video pembelajaran yang dikembangkan ini dapat dijadikan sebagai media penunjang aktivitas pembelajaran kosakata bahasa Jepang.
Household Latrine Utilization Behavioral Model as an Effort to Improve Open Defecation-Free Program
Authors: Hartatik Erna , Rondhianto Rondhianto , Helianti Dina
Published: September 2024

Background: Healthy latrine-using behavior indicates healthy behavior. However, many people still practice open defecation, which can cause illness and increase death risk. Self-efficacy is a dominant predictor of health behavior change. Aims: The study aims to develop a household latrine utilization behavior model based on self-efficacy to improve an open defecation-free (ODF) program. Method: The study was a descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional design. The sample size was 138 respondents with cluster random sampling. The study variables were endogenous (household latrine utilization), exogenous (predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors), and intervening variables (self-efficacy). Data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed using SEM-PLS. Result: The household latrine utilization behavior-based self-efficacy model is fit (SRMR=0.098; NFI= 0.910; Q2=0.334). Valid and reliable indicators were education (predisposing), clean water availability and latrine maintenance (enabling), and health worker and family support (reinforcing). Path analysis showed exogenous factors, directly and indirectly, influence latrine utilization behavior through self-efficacy. Predisposing and reinforcing factors had a direct and significant effect (p = 0.025; p = 0.001) while enabling factors were insignificant (p = 0.438). Enabling and reinforcing factors indirectly and significantly affected latrine utilization behavior through self-efficacy (p = 0.033; p = 0.004), while predisposing factors were insignificant (p = 0.141). Self-efficacy significantly influenced latrine-using behavior (p = 0.023). Conclusion: The household latrine utilization behavior-based self-efficacy model is a fit model with good predictive relevance in predicting household latrine use behavior. Health workers can use the model to enhance household latrine utilization behavior and improve the ODF program and public health status.
The Influence of Health Promotion Interventions Counseling and Peer Education Groups on Clean and Healthy Living Behaviors of Students in Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Sari Puspita
Published: September 2024

Background: The concept of healthy students is related to clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) in the Islamic boarding school environment, which combines clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) in educational institutions and the home environment. Aims: To determine the effect of counseling and peer education groups on the clean and healthy living behavior of students at the Irsyadul Ibad Islamic boarding school. Method: This research is an experimental study using a factorial design with two variables, counseling and peer education. The research sample was 84 students divided into 4 different groups, namely the combination group (counseling and peer education), the counseling group, the peer education group, and the control group. Each group lives in a different dormitory. The health promotion intervention was carried out for 15 days with 10 meetings to discuss clean and healthy living behavior. The statistical tests used were paired t-test and Wilcoxon to determine the differences in values before and after treatment. Kruskall Wallis and Mann Whitney were used to determine the differences in the scores of each group. Results: There are significant differences in knowledge and attitude values before and after treatment, namely: combination group (counseling and peer education), Knowledge p= 0.003, attitude p= 0.009, Knowledge counseling group p= 0.001, attitude p= 0.030 peer group education knowledge p= 0.000, attitude p= 0.001 and control group knowledge p= 0.067, attitude p= 0.053. There are differences in knowledge and attitudes in each group, namely the combination group (counseling and peer education), with the control group, knowledge p = 0.000, attitude = 0.000, counseling group with the control group, knowledge p = 0.000, attitude p = 0.000 peer education group with the control group knowledge p=0.000 attitude p= 0.000. Combination group (counseling and peer education), with knowledge counseling group p=0.063 attitude p= 0.134 combination group (counseling and peer education), with peer education knowledge p=0.079, attitude p=0.095. Counseling group with peer education group knowledge p= 0.332, attitude p=0.424. Conclusion: Combination groups (counseling and peer education), counseling groups, and peer education groups influence clean and healthy living behavior among students at the Irsyadul Ibad Islamic Boarding School.
Maternal Factors as Determinants of Stunting in Children under the Age of Five: Scoping Review
Authors: Qoyimah Anna Uswatun , Zahroh Shaluhiyah  , Sri Winarni
Published: September 2024

Background: Chronic malnutrition during a child's early years leads to stunting, a condition that can harm both their mental and physical development. Studies have indicated a correlation between parenting styles and stunted growth in children that the nutritional knowledge and practices of mothers significantly affect the dietary habits of toddlers. The perspectives and cultural convictions of mothers are significant but have received limited attention as factors that influence the nutritional well-being of children and adolescents. Aims: This review examined maternal factors as determinants of stunting in children under five. Methods: Three databases were used to search for literature, namely PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The key to the search is as follows: “maternal” or “mothers” and “factor” and “stunting” or “stunted” or “growth disorder” and “toddler” or “children under five.” The material displayed in search engines is selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: This review was done on nine articles that were screened and analyzed out of 1,450 articles. The articles come from Nepal, India, Indonesia, Ghana, Congo, Uganda, Lebanon, and the Central African Republic. The type of research articles was cross-sectional and case-control. Conclusion: This review has provided an overview of maternal factors contributing to the prevalence of stunting. These factors include maternal employment, the educational status of mothers, maternal body mass index, the diversity of the mother-child diet, maternal exposure to mass media, and maternal age.
Late Onset Corneal Haze Post Photorefractive Keratectomy
Authors: Agnia Emeralda Brilian , Kriskasari Georgina Tara , Dharmawidiarini Dini , Napitupulu Sahata P. H.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is a surface ablation procedure to correct refractive errors. Regardless of the safety and efficacy, corneal haze may occur after PRK, and it remains one of the most feared complications because it can impair good visual outcomes. Case Presentation: A 20-year-old woman complained of blurred vision in her right eye (RE) after undergoing PRK elsewhere six months before admission with a history of refraction of S-12.75 C-1.75 x 10° preoperatively and S-0.75 postoperatively. Six-month postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 0.01, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.5 with S-7.00 C-0.75 x 50°. A slit lamp examination revealed grade three corneal haze. Anterior optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed the hyperreflective area with 132 μm deep into the stroma. The patient underwent phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) and mitomycin-C (MMC) treatment to a depth of 50 μm Ø6.5mm transition zone 0.5 mm. Two months later, UCVA was 0.2, BCVA was 0.63 with S-2.50 C-0.50 x 90°, and slit lamp examination revealed no haze remaining. Conclusions: This case illustrates the potential risk for corneal haze development, mainly when PRK is performed at greater treatment depths. However, with phototherapeutic keratectomy and mitomycin-C treatment, an excellent visual outcome and vision restoration can be obtained.
Dissemination of Retinoblastoma Post-Enucleation: Histopathological Risk Factors Review
Authors: Rokim Fitri Setyani
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Examining the histopathological markers indicative of high risk in retinoblastoma is imperative for evaluating the potential for post-enucleation recurrence and metastatic spread. Purpose: This article seeks to elucidate diverse definitions of high-risk histopathological features in advanced retinoblastoma, which confer susceptibility to recurrence and metastasis following enucleation. Review: Reducing mortality rates associated with retinoblastoma poses a significant clinical challenge. It is well-established that post-laminar optic nerve invasion, extensive choroidal invasion, and scleral invasion are key features commonly observed in advanced retinoblastoma cases requiring enucleation. Conclusion: The presence of these features in advanced retinoblastoma necessitates adjunctive therapeutic interventions to reduce the risk of orbital recurrence or metastatic spread, thereby enhancing patient survival rates.
Perfil de recém-nascidos vivos com óbito neonatal precoce em maternidade terciária de Fortaleza
Authors: Patrício Marcos Paulo Fernandes , Marques Mara Larissa Alves , Fontenele Maria Márcia Trajano , Paes Liliana Soares Nogueira
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Conhecer perfil da mortalidade neonatal em uma maternidade terciária de Fortaleza. Metodologia: Estudo de coorte, retrospectivo, observacional, a partir de dados coletados nos prontuários de pacientes nascidos em 2019 em fase hospitalar na Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriant, em Fortaleza, Ceará. Resultados: Entre 4487 nascidos vivos, 89 óbitos neonatais precoces (menos de 7 dias completos) foram identificados. As principais causas básicas foram prematuridade extrema (43,82%), malformações (25,84%) e trabalho de parto prematuro (7,87%). Anencefalia foi a malformação mais prevalente, chegando a 12,36% (11) do total de óbitos. Conclusão: A taxa de mortalidade neonatal foi similar em relação à reportada na literatura, sendo a prematuridade a principal causa de óbito neonatal. A redução da prematuridade, o reforço a atenção à saúde da mulher e a promoção da qualidade de vida são fundamentais para a melhoria dos nossos índices de mortalidade infantil.
Non-viral gene therapy for neuromuscular diseases including Duchenne muscular dystrophy using nanovesicles derived from human cells
Authors: Oh Seung Wook , Han Jinah , Park Sung-Soo
Published: September 2024

One of the biggest challenges in AAV gene delivery for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is that some patients cannot be treated due to pre-existing neutralizing antibodies. As an alternative, nanovesicles derived from diverse human cells have emerged as highly efficient delivery vehicles for genetic materials. This is due to their superior biocompatibility and capability to cross diverse tissue barriers. Notably, the lack of strong host immune response was witnessed in multiple preclinical studies, as well as clinical trials recently completed using human allogeneic nanovesicles. Engineering nanovesicles with tissue-specific ligands on the surface can also enhance tissue selectivity, thus reducing off-target effects. Taken together, these findings raise the possibility that this novel non-viral approach can serve as an attractive alternative to risk-prone viral-mediated gene therapy. This review discusses the recent advances in a non-viral gene therapy approach using cell-derived nanovesicles, and highlights their therapeutic potential in treating neuromuscular diseases, such as DMD, along with current challenges that need to be further addressed.
Hubungan Faktor Internal, Partisipasi dan Dinamika Kelompok dengan Produktivitas Padi Semi Organik
Authors: Ardian Bernardus Restu , Prihtanti Tinjung Mary
Published: September 2024

Peran serta kelembagaan pertanian dibutuhkan oleh petani sebagai unit produksi, unit kerjasama serta unit belajar. Kelurahan Kauman Kidul, Kota Salatiga dipilih dalam penelitian ini karena memiliki kelembagaan pertanian yaitu Gabungan Kelompok Tani Prima Agung yang fokus dalam pengembangan padi ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor internal petani (usia, lama pendidikan, luas lahan, pengalaman usahatani), partisipasi anggota, dan dinamika kelompok tani dengan produktivitas usahatani padi semi organik. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survey dengan instrumen kuesioner. Jumlah sampel yang dipilih sebanyak 40 orang dengan metode purposive sampling yakni petani yang menerapkan usahatani padi dengan sistem semi organik. Teknikanalisis menggunakan korelasi rank spearman. Hasil penelitian ini adalah variabel usia dan luas lahan memiliki hubungan negatif dan signifikan dengan produktivitas usahatani padi semi organik namun keeratan hubungannya rendah. Variabel lama pendidikan, pengalaman usahatani, partisipasi anggota dan dinamika kelompok berhubungan dengan produktivitas usahatani padi semi organik namun tidak signifikan.Kata Kunci: dinamika kelompok tani, korelasi, partisipasi, produktivitas usahatani padi semi organik
Perbanyakan dan Pembentukan Umbi Mikro Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro pada Modifikasi Komposisi Media MS dan Sukrosa
Authors: Setyorini Titin
Published: September 2024

Permintaan kentang terus meningkat sejalan dengan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk setiap tahun. Produksi kentang tidak dapat konsisten memenuhi permintaan tersebut karena masalah penggunaan bibit kentang. Umbi mikro kentang merupakan strategi untuk memperoleh bahan tanam yang berkualitas yang terhindar dari penyakit. Kultur jaringan merupakan teknik untuk menghasilkan umbi mikro. Media merupakan faktor penting penentu keberhasilan kultur jaringan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh modifikasi media MS dan sukrosa terhadap pertumbuhan tunas dan pembentukan umbi mikro kentang. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Institut Pertanian STIPER Yogyakarta pada bulan Maret – Juli 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah modifikasi media MS yang terdiri atas tiga aras yaitu MS 1 (NH4NO3 20 ml + KH2PO4 10 ml), MS 2 (NH4NO310 ml +  KH2PO4 20 ml), dan MS 3 (NH4NO3 5 ml + KH2PO4 40 ml). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi sukrosa yang terdiri dari tiga aras yaitu S1 (30 g), S2 (40 g) dan S3 (50 g) serta pemberian hormon BAP sebanyak 3,4 ppm/L. Hasil penelitian berupa data kuantitatif disajikan dalam bentuk excel, sedangkan data kualitatif disajikan secara deskriptif dan dilengkapi dengan gambar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan MS 1 (NH4NO3 20 ml + KH2PO4 10 ml) dan pemberian sukrosa 40 g berpengaruh terbaik pada parameter jumlah akar, jumlah ruas dan jumlah umbi mikro kentang. Perlakuan modifikasi komposisi media MS memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan tunas (jumlah akar, tinggi tanaman dan jumlah ruas) dan pengaruh pada berat umbi mikro. Perlakuan modifikasi sukrosa 40 g memberikan pengaruh terbaik pada parameter jumlah tunas, jumlah akar, jumlah ruas dan jumlah umbi mikro yang terbentuk. Kata kunci : umbi mikro kentang, kultur jaringan, modifikasi media MS, sukrosa, BAP
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN HASIL PERSILANGAN ANGGREK VANDA SANDERIANA DENGAN ANGGREK VANDA LOMBOKENSIS TERHADAP PEMBERIAN PUPUK DAUN DAN PUPUK SILIKA
Authors: Firgiyanto Refa , Calista Zalza , Dinata Gallyndra Fatkhu , Darah Pertami Rindha Rentina , Kusparwanti Tri Rini , Restanto Didik Pudji
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian konsentrasi pupuk daun dan silika yang tepat guna untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit anggrek Vanda hasil silangan V. sanderiana dengan anggrek V. lombokensis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama lima bulan pada bulan Agustus 2021 sampai bulan Januari 2022 di Green House dan di Lab. Kultur Jaringan, Politeknik Negeri Jember. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi pupuk daun sebanyak 4 taraf, D0: 0 g/l, D1: 3 g/l, D2: 5 g/l, and D3: 7 g/l dan faktor kedua konsentrasi pupuk silika sebanyak 4 taraf, S0: 0 ppm, S1: 50 ppm, S2: 100 ppm dan S3: 150 ppm. Dari rancangan penelitian tersebut, terdiri dari 16 kombinasi perlakuan yang masing – masing diulang sebanyak 3 kali, dan tiap ulangan terdiri dari 3 pot, sehingga terdapat 144 bibit anggrek. Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase hidup, tinggi bibit, panjang daun dan jumlah daun anggrek Vanda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi pupuk daun berpengaruh berbeda sangat nyata terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, lebar daun, jumlah daun dan presentase hidup. Perlakuan konsentrasi pupuk silika berpengaruh berbeda sangat nyata hanya pada parameter jumlah daun tertentu dan parameter presentase hidup. Sementara interaksi pupuk daun dan pupuk silika hanya mampu meningkatkan parameter presentase hidup bibit anggrek Vanda.
Efektivitas Dosis Pupuk Kalium dan Trichokompos Kotoran Ayam terhadap Produksi Bawang Merah Asal True Shallot Seed
Authors: Widia Sari Linda , Anwar Syaiful , Fuskhah Eny
Published: September 2024

ABSTRAK          Teknologi pemupukan kalium dan trichokompos dapat memaksimalkan produksi bawang merah asal biji. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 15 Februari 2022 – 12 Agustus 2022 di Greenhouse, laboratorium Fisiologi dan Pemuliaan Tanaman, Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian, Universitas Diponegoro. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah dosis pupuk kalium dengan 4 taraf perlakuan, yaitu : K0 = Kontrol; K1 = 57 kg/ha K2O; K2 = 114 kg/ha K2O; dan K3 = 171 kg/ha K2O. Faktor kedua adalah dosis trichokompos kotoran ayam dengan 4 taraf perlakuan, yaitu : T0 = Kontrol; T1 = 10 ton/ha; T2 = 20 ton/ha; dan T3 = 30 ton/ha. Percobaan terdiri dari 16 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 kal ulangan. Hasil penelitian yaitu pupuk kalium berpengaruh pada parameter tinggi tanaman, diameter umbi, berat umbi segar, berat umbi kering matahari, berat tajuk kering, dan serapan kalium. Trichokompos berpengaruh pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter umbi, berat umbi segar, berat umbi kering matahari, dan serapan kalium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk kalium pada media tanam yang sudah cukup unsur hara kalium tidak efektif. Aplikasi trichokompos dosis 10 ton/ha sudah mampu meningkatkan produksi bawang merah asal True Shallot Seed (TSS).Kata kunci: Fotosintesis, Unsur Hara, Umbi Mini ABSTRACT          The application of onion cultivation technology from True Shallot Seed (TSS) is a positive start in overcoming the problem of tuber seeds faced by farmers. Through potassium fertilization technology and trichocompost can maximize the production of shallots. The research was conducted on 15 February 2022 – 12 August 2022 at the Greenhouse, Laboratory of Physiology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Agriculture, Diponegoro University. The study used a factorial Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors. The first factor is the dose of potassium fertilizer with 4 levels of treatment, namely: K0 = Control; K1 = 57 kg/ha K2O; K2 = 114 kg/ha K2O; and K3 = 171 kg/ha K2O. The second factor is the dose of trichocompost chicken manure with 4 levels of treatment, namely: T0 = Control; T1 = 10 tons/ha; T2 = 20 tons/ha; and T3 = 30 tons/ha. The experiment consisted of 16 treatment combinations with 3 replications. The results showed that potassium fertilizer had an effect on the parameters of plant height, tuber diameter, fresh tuber weight, sun dried tuber weight, dry crown weight, and potassium uptake. Trichocompost had an effect on plant height, number of leaves, tuber diameter, fresh tuber weight, sun dried tuber weight, and potassium uptake. The results showed that the application of potassium fertilizer on growing media that had sufficient potassium nutrients was not effective. The application of trichocompost at a rate 0f 10 tons/ha increased the production of shallots from True Shallot Seed (TSS).Keywords:  Photosynthesis, Mini Bulbs, Nutrient
Pengaruh Pupuk NPK dan Kompos Jerami Padi Terhadap Serangga Hama Padi Aromatik di Sawah Tadah Hujan
Authors: Fadhil Muhammad Syarif , Saputra Riza Adrianoor , Jumar Jumar
Published: September 2024

Berkurangnya lahan produktif dan serangan hama padi merupakan dua faktor pembatas dalam peningkatan produksi padi. Lahan sawah tadah hujan memiliki potensi yang cukup besar untuk pengembangan padi aromatik. Perbaikan dalam sistem budidaya terutama pemupukan, diharapkan dapat memacu produksi padi serta meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap serangan hama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan, kemerataan, dan keragaman serangga hama padi aromatik di sawah tadah hujan yang diaplikasi pupuk NPK dan kompos jerami padi, dan mengetahui interaksi pupuk NPK dan kompos jerami padi terhadap serangga hama padi aromatik di sawah tadah hujan. Metode penelitian dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dua faktor. Faktor pertama dosis pupuk NPK (A) terdiri dari tiga perlakuan: a1 = 0 kg ha-1 (kontrol), a2 = 150 kg ha-1 (½ NPK rekomendasi), dan a3 = 300 kg ha-1 (NPK rekomendasi), sedangkan faktor kedua dosis kompos jerami padi (K) terdiri dari enam perlakuan: k1 = 5 t ha-1, k2 = 7,5 t ha-1, k3 = 10 t ha-1, k4 = 12,5 t ha-1, k5 = 15 t ha-1, dan k6 = 20 t ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antara dosis NPK dan kompos jerami padi berpengaruh nyata dalam mengurangi tingkat intensitas kerusakan serangan hama padi aromatik di sawah tadah hujan pada 105 HST yaitu 300 kg ha-1 NPK + 10 t ha-1 kompos jerami padi, dan pada 120 HST yaitu 300 kg ha-1 NPK + 7,5 t ha-1 kompos jerami padi. Interaksi pada perlakuan 150 kg ha-1 NPK + 10 t ha-1 kompos jerami padi memiliki indeks kelimpahan, keragaman, dan kemerataan serangga hama terendah pada berturut-turut sebesar 100%, 0, dan 0.
Pedestrian Detection in Aerial Image Based on Convolutional Neural Network with Attention Mechanism and Multi-scale Prediction
Authors: Yang Jiaxi , Shen Jiaquan , Wang Shitong , Chen Yuhang , Zhang Qian , Luan Sitao
Published: September 2024

Pedestrian object detection plays a significant role in intelligent systems such as intelligent traffic and monitoring. Traditional machine learning methods on pedestrian detection have shown various drawbacks, e.g., low accuracy, slow speed, etc. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based object detection algorithms have demonstrated remarkable advantages in the field of pedestrian detection. However, the mainstream CNNs still face the problems of slow speed and low detection accuracy, especially on small and occluded targets from aerial perspective. In this paper, we propose Multi-Scale Attention YOLO (MSA-YOLO) detection algorithm to address the above issues. MSA-YOLO includes a Squeeze, Excitation and Cross Stage Partial (SECSP) channel attention module for CNNs to extract richer pedestrian features with a small number of extra parameters. It also contains a multi-scale prediction module to capture the information among different pedestrian scales, which can recognize the small objects with higher accuracy and significantly reduce the missed detection. To sufficiently evaluate our proposed model, we manually collect and annotate a new benchmark dataset, Aerial Pedestrian Dataset, which has much more sample annotations, features, scenes and image view angles than the existing benchmark datasets. In addition, the images in our dataset have higher resolution than most of benchmark pedestrian detection datasets, which can provide more detailed features of pedestrians and thus improve the model performance. When tested on Aerial Pedestrian Dataset, our proposed MSA-YOLO algorithm significantly outperforms the most used baseline models with almost the same model size. This shows the efficiency of our proposed model. (The code and new dataset will be released to the public later.)
A Detailed Review on Cancers: It's Physical and Biochemical Basis
Authors: Agrawal Roshan Kumar
Published: September 2024

This thesis presents a comprehensive review of cancer, with a particular focus on its physical and biochemical basis. Cancer, a leading cause of mortality worldwide, is characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. Understanding the fundamental differences between cancerous and normal cells is essential for developing effective diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.

The review begins by exploring the physical anomalies of cancer cells, including their irregular shape, size, and structural organization. These cells often exhibit altered cell membranes, disrupted cytoskeletal architecture, and irregularities in cell adhesion and communication, which contribute to their invasive and metastatic potential.

The biochemical basis of cancer is examined in detail, with an emphasis on the dysregulation of key metabolic pathways. Cancer cells undergo profound metabolic reprogramming, often referred to as the Warburg effect, where they preferentially utilize glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation, even in the presence of oxygen. This metabolic shift supports the rapid proliferation of cancer cells and their survival in hypoxic conditions. Additionally, cancer cells produce abnormal proteins that contribute to tumor progression, such as mutant p53, and fail to produce critical tumor suppressor proteins like RB1, leading to unchecked cell division and evasion of apoptosis.

Furthermore, the thesis reviews the role of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in cancer development, highlighting how mutations and epigenetic alterations drive the transformation of normal cells into malignant ones. The complex interplay between these genetic changes and the tumor microenvironment is also discussed, emphasizing the importance of signaling pathways, immune evasion, and angiogenesis in cancer progression.

This detailed review synthesizes current research and insights from authoritative sources, including peer-reviewed journals and foundational medical texts, to provide a thorough understanding of the physical and biochemical underpinnings of cancer. The findings underscore the importance of continued research in these areas to advance the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer.