bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Upon-Diagnosis Blood Eosinophilic Count with Frequency and Severity of Annual Exacerbation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Prospective Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Kiani Arda , Rahimi Fatemehsadat , Afaghi Siamak , Paat Maryam , Varharam Mohammad , Dizaji Mehdi Kazempour , Dastoorpoor Maryam , Abedini Atefeh
Published: April 2023

Introduction. There is a controversy regarding the relationship between blood eosinophil count and COPD exacerbation. We aimed to determine whether peripheral eosinophils upon COPD diagnosis could affect the frequency and severity of annual acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Methods. This prospective study was conducted on 973 newly diagnosed COPD patients who were under 1-year follow-up in a pulmonology center in Iran. The Cox proportional model, polynomial regression, and receiver operator characteristic curves were conducted to evaluate the impact of the eosinophil levels on AECOPD. A linear regression model was conducted to evaluate the continuous association of eosinophilic count with AECOPDs. Results. Patients with eosinophil >200 cells/microliter were higher pack-year smokers with more pulmonary hypertension prevalence compared to COPD patients with <200 cells/microliter. There was a positive correlation between the eosinophilic count and the frequency of AECOPDs. Eosinophil >900 cells/microliter and eosinophil >600 cells/microliter had a sensitivity of 71.1% and 64.3%, respectively, in predicting the occurrence of more than one AECOPD. Eosinophilic count cutoff of 800 cells/microliter had the highest Youden index with sensitivity and specificity of 80.2% and 76.6%, respectively, for incident AECOPD in newly diagnosed patients. Using a linear model, increasing 180 cells/microliter in serum eosinophils was associated with further exacerbation. Evaluating gender, BMI, smoking pack-year, FEV1/FVC, CAT score, GOLD score, pulmonary hypertension, annual influenza, pneumococcal vaccinations, leukocytosis, and blood eosinophils, only blood eosinophils (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.44; 95% confidence interval = 1.33–2.15;

p

value = 0.03) and GOLD score (HR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.30–1.52;

p

value = 0.03) were found as independent risk factors of AECOPD >3 episodes/year. Requirement for ICU admission, invasive ventilation, and mortality rate due to AECOPDs was similar between eosinophilic and noneosinophilic groups. Conclusion. Eosinophilia upon COPD diagnosis is a factor of recurrent AECOPDs. To reduce the risk of AECOPDs and the burden of disease, clinicians may consider inhaler corticosteroids and domiciliary oxygen with a lower threshold for eosinophilic-COPD patients regardless of their clinical status.
Implementation of an Advanced Macroelement Beam Model under Moving Load (Case Study: Iranian Railroad Projects)
Authors: Vaziri Hamid Reza , Mansoori Mohammad Reza , Arbabi Fereydoon , Aziminejad Armin
Published: April 2023

This study aims to present a new three-dimensional moving macroelement for the numerical analysis of beam on the elastic foundation under moving loads as a railroad track vibration. Our research is based on a case study conducted in Iranian Railroad Projects. Due to involving a large number of elements, vibration analysis of beams as railroad tracks with standard three-dimensional elements is time-consuming. Two approaches are used and combined in this research to improve analysis of realistic models. The former is to use a macroelement with a number of degrees of freedom that can be used in lieu of standard three-dimensional elements. The latter is to use moving elements to ensure that the loads do not approach the boundaries of the model, thus leading to boundary errors. Accordingly, the moving element was formulated at different velocities to allow correct evaluation of the trains’ acceleration and deceleration effect. The analysis is based on a linear model. Examples with different number of elements and boundary conditions were included to evaluate the effects of the track parameters. One important aspect of the formulation is the asymmetric nature of stiffness and damping matrices due to the effects of velocity and the moving load. In the moving element method, with a sufficient number of elements, no end condition effect exists. However, because acceleration may be a more critical parameter than displacement, the number of elements must be determined for acceleration, as well. Our important achievements include formulating the interaction of lateral and torsional degrees of freedom, the possibility of calculating probable warping in the beam due to cross-sectional slenderness both directly and based on introducing a dependent degree of freedom, and also determining the model length based on vibrational acceleration at the end of the model. Besides, reduction of analysis time is a prominent feature of the present model.
A Phase Ib/II Study of Ivosidenib with Venetoclax ± Azacitidine in IDH1-Mutated Myeloid Malignancies
Authors: Lachowiez Curtis A. , Loghavi Sanam , Zeng Zhihong , Tanaka Tomoyuki , Kim Yi June , Uryu Hidetaka , Turkalj Sven , Jakobsen Niels Asger , Luskin Marlise R. , Duose Dzifa Y. , Tidwell Rebecca S.S. , Short Nicholas J. , Borthakur Gautam , Kadia Tapan M. , Masarova Lucia , Tippett George D. , Bose Prithviraj , Jabbour Elias J. , Ravandi Farhad , Daver Naval G. , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Kantarjian Hagop , Garcia Jacqueline S. , Vyas Paresh , Takahashi Koichi , Konopleva Marina , DiNardo Courtney D.
Published: April 2023

The safety and efficacy of combining the isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) inhibitor ivosidenib (IVO) with the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax (VEN; IVO + VEN) ± azacitidine (AZA; IVO + VEN + AZA) were evaluated in four cohorts of patients with IDH1-mutated myeloid malignancies (n = 31). Most (91%) adverse events were grade 1 or 2. The maximal tolerated dose was not reached. Composite complete remission with IVO + VEN + AZA versus IVO + VEN was 90% versus 83%. Among measurable residual disease (MRD)–evaluable patients (N = 16), 63% attained MRD-­negative remissions; IDH1 mutation clearance occurred in 64% of patients receiving ≥5 treatment cycles (N = 14). Median event-free survival and overall survival were 36 [94% CI, 23–not reached (NR)] and 42 (95% CI, 42-NR) months. Patients with signaling gene mutations appeared to particularly benefit from the triplet regimen. Longitudinal single-cell proteogenomic analyses linked cooccurring mutations, antiapoptotic protein expression, and cell maturation to therapeutic sensitivity of IDH1-mutated clones. No IDH isoform switching or second-site IDH1 mutations were observed, indicating combination therapy may overcome established resistance pathways to single-agent IVO.

Significance:

IVO + VEN + AZA is safe and active in patients with IDH1-mutated myeloid malignancies. Combination therapy appears to overcome resistance mechanisms observed with single-agent IDH-inhibitor use, with high MRD-negative remission rates. Single-cell DNA ± protein and time-of-flight mass-cytometry analysis revealed complex resistance mechanisms at relapse, highlighting key pathways for future therapeutic intervention.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 247
Experiencing Workplace Bullying in Patients with Alopecia Areata: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Li Sara J. , Reyes-Hadsall Sophia , Drake Lara , Huang Kathie , Mostaghimi Arash
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Alopecia areata (AA) is an immune-mediated hair loss condition with substantial psychosocial impact. The impact of AA on social interactions at work has not been established. Methods: We administered the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised Scale to the National Alopecia Areata Foundation database to evaluate workplace bullying in patients with AA. Results: Ultimately, 673/1,120 individuals who met inclusion criteria completed the survey. Most respondents were female (n = 537, 79.8%), Caucasian (n = 508, 75.5%), with an average age of 46.8 ± 14, and employed full-time (n = 427, 63.4%). Our results demonstrate 21.7% (n = 146) of respondents experienced workplace bullying. Participants most frequently faced having their opinions ignored (53.8%, n = 362), being excluded (47.7%, n = 321), and having gossip spread about them (44.0%, n = 296). Notably, 75.0% (n = 120/160) of individuals who self-reported bullying addressed the behavior; however, 30.8% of participants noted the bully continued (30.8%, n = 37). Stress associated with filing a complaint (43.5%, n = 293) and effect on future career options (36.1%, n = 243) were common barriers to report bullying. Conclusion: This study expands our understanding of the psychosocial impact of AA by confirming individuals with AA experience workplace bullying. Stigma against patients may play a role in this phenomenon. Future work is warranted to identify strategies to reduce bullying against patients with AA.
Патогенетичне обґрунтування імунокорекції у хворих на бешихове запалення залежно від форми та особливостей перебігу захворювання
Authors: Василевська Л. А. , Шаповал С. Д. , Воронцова Л. Л.
Published: April 2023

Мета роботи: вивчення стану клітинної ланки імунної системи у хворих із різними формами та перебігом бешихи з подальшим обґрунтуванням призначення імуномодуляторів.

Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 130 пацієнтів із бешиховим запаленням обличчя, верхніх та нижніх кінцівок. Для оцінки імунного статусу проводили визначення субпопуляцій лімфоцитів із використанням моноклональних антитіл до антигенів СД3+ (Т-лімфоцити), СД4+ (Т-хелпери), СД8+ (Т-супресори), СД16+ (клітини-кілери), СД22+ (зрілі В-лімфоцити), а також розраховували імунорегуляторний індекс (ІРІ) СД4+ / СД8+. Визначення проводили реагентами фірми “Гранум” (Харків). Для виявлення порушень імунної системи використовували універсальний метод оцінки імунних розладів, розроблений професором Земсковим А. М. (1996).

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. В результаті проведеного дослідження встановлено, що всі форми первинної та рецидивуючої бешихи (виняток становить бульозна форма) перебігали на тлі вторинного імунодефіциту. Ступінь імунних розладів змінювався залежно від тяжкості перебігу захворювання. Первинному бешиховому запаленню з еритематозною і бульозною формами характерний І ступінь імунних розладів, тоді як первинному бешиховому запаленню, ускладненому сепсисом та флегмонозно-некротичною формою при первинному та рецидивуючому перебігу – ІІ ступінь, а рецидивуючому перебігу, ускладненому сепсисом, ІІІ ступінь імунних розладів.

Хворі з бешиховим запаленням всіх форм, що перебігають на тлі вторинного імунодефіциту при I ступені імунних розладів (що, вочевидь, є транзиторним станом), не потребують корекції імуномодуляторами, водночас хворі з II і III ступенем імунних розладів, імунологічно компроментовані, потребують обовʼязкового призначення імуномодуляторів (як біологічного, так і синтетичного походження).
Динаміка морфологічних змін стінки ендометріоїдної кісти після склеротерапії 96 % етанолом
Authors: Хміль С. В. , Підгайна І. Я.
Published: April 2023

Мета роботи: провести гістологічне дослідження стінки ендометріоїдної кісти після склеротерапії 96 % етанолом через 1, 3, 5 хв і встановити її структурні зміни.

Матеріали і методи. Отриманий матеріал після проведених операційних втручань (лапаротомічних кістектомій) та проведеної склеротерапії за допомогою 96 % етанолу із контрольованим впливом спирту відносно часу (1 хв, 3 хв, 5 хв) фіксували в 10 % нейтральному забуференому формаліні згідно із загальноприйнятою методикою. Процесинг тканини виконували в гістопроцесорі закритого вакуумного типу Logos ONE. Готовий матеріал заливали в парафінові блоки. Гістологічні зрізи готували на роторному мікротомі Amos AMR-400 завтовшки 4–5 мкм (не менше двох зрізів на кожне гістологічне скло), забарвлювали гематоксиліном та еозином. Проводили дослідження та фотореєстрацію препаратів за допомогою мікроскопа “Eclipse Ci-E” (Японія) з цифровою фотокамерою Sigeta M3CMOS 14000 при різних збільшеннях х100, х200, х400.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Вивчено деструктивний місцевий вплив 96 % етанолу на епітеліальний компонент ендометріоїдної кісти яєчника. Застосовуючи різні періоди впливу, вивчено глибину ураження епітеліального шару, базальної мембрани та оточуючої цитогенної строми навколо залози. Застосування цього методу в лікуванні кіст дозволить ощадно впливати на тканину ендометріоїдної кісти кіркового шару яєчника із максимальним збереженням оточуючої тканини, зберігаючи сплячі фолікули. Застосовуючи різний період впливу 96 % етанолу, ми знижуєм травматизацію тканини, яка поєднується із гострими розладами кровообігу та подальшим рубцюванням.
Експериментальне вивчення впливу біорозчинної судинної стент платформи
Authors: Гиндич П. А.
Published: April 2023

Мета роботи: дослідити вплив біорозчинної судинної стент-платформ “Absorb” (Abbott, США) на навколишні тканини в зоні її імплантації, а також особливості резорбції стент-платформи.

Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні вивчено гістологічні препарати дев’яти тримісячних білих лабораторних щурів масою 150–170 г, яким було імплантовано фрагмент біорозчинної судинної стент-платформи у великий сальник і підшкірно. Виведення тварин з експерименту відбувалося на 30-ту, 90-ту та 180-ту доби після втручання.

Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. При дослідженні гістологічних препаратів у зоні імплантації під шкіру в період 30 та 90 діб та 30 діб після імплантації в великий сальник виявлено ділянки лімфоцитарно макрофагальної інфільтрації та фіброзування капсули. Проте при дослідженні гістологічних препаратів наступних термінів експерименту відмічене суттєве зменшення інтенсивності перифокальної запальної і судинної реакцій з формуванням переважно тонких капсул. А також в строки 90 та 180 діб на внутрішній поверхні окремих капсул виявлявся безструктурний матеріал подібний до тканинного детриту, що імовірно свідчить на користь більш вираженої, ніж у попередні терміни деструкції ланок стент-платформи.

Імплантація фрагментів стента не супроводжувалась вираженою запальною реакцією. Поступове збільшення осередкової лімфоцитарної інфільтрації в зоні імплантації спостерігали від 30-ї до 90-ї доби із суттєвим зниженням інтенсивності останньої на 180-ту добу. Макрофагальна реакція збільшувалась в терміни від 30 до 180 діб, що свідчить на користь поступової біодеструкції матеріалу стента. Резорбція балок стента відбувалась помірно, переважно від початку 90-ї доби з утворенням невеликих гранульом сторонніх тіл із поодинокими гігантськими клітинами сторонніх тіл. Застосування імплантатів не супроводжувалось деформаціями тканин, утворенням сером та іншими негативними наслідками. Відсутність вираженої подразнювальної дії свідчить про біосумісність з тканинами організму.
Предиктори реперфузійно-реоксигенаційного синдрому в пацієнтів з атеросклеротичною оклюзією аорто-стегнового басейну
Authors: Венгер І. К. , Фарина І. В.
Published: April 2023

Мета роботи: визначити основні фактори ризику розвитку реперфузійно-реоксигенаційного синдрому для покращення результатів лікування пацієнтів з атеросклеротичною оклюзією аорто-стегнового басейну.

Матеріали і методи. Проведено аналіз історій хвороб пацієнтів з атеросклеротичним ураженням магістральних артерій нижніх кінцівок, які знаходились на стаціонарному лікуванні в судинному відділенні Тернопільської університетської лікарні протягом 2013–2019 рр.

Проаналізовано 172 історії хвороби пацієнтів, із яких у 58 діагностовано облітеруючий атеросклероз аорти та магістральних артерій нижніх кінцівок при хронічній ішемії кінцівок ІІб ст. (за класифікацією Фонтейна).

Отримані результати, з метою оптимізаціії прогнозування ризику розвитку ускладнень у післяопераційному періоді, піддані нейромережевій кластеризації з використанням надбудови NeuroXL Classifier для програми Microsoft Excel. Опрацьовані складові кожного блоку внесені у таблицю сукупної бальної системи оцінювання ризику розвитку ускладнень.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. У 172 пацієнтів проведено визначення величини ризику розвитку післяопераційних ускладнень. Базуючись на отриманих розрахунках, середній вік пацієнтів у 57,4 року можна віднести до предикторів ризику розвитку реперфузійно-реоксигенаційного синдрому.

Хронічна критична ішемія в пацієнтів виділеної групи розвинулася в період від 5 до 3 тижнів до госпіталізації.

Короткий анамнез в середньому у 8,8 року можна віднести до предикторів ризику розвитку реперфузійно-реоксигенаційного синдрому в пацієнтів при атеросклеротичній оклюзії аорто-стегнового басейну.

 Із 172 пацієнтів із атеросклеротичною оклюзією аорто-стегнового басейну у 92 виявили стенотичне атеросклеротичне ураження екстракраніальних артерій. Стенотичний атеросклеротичний процес екстракраніальних артерій діагностували у 52 хворих із атеросклеротичною оклюзією аорто-стегнового басейну і у 40 пацієнтів із ризиком розвитку реперфузійно-реоксигенаційного синдрому. Серед лабораторних показників слід зазначити, що у 31 (77,50 %) пацієнтів із ризиком розвитку реперфузійно-реоксигенаційного синдрому виявлено підвищений рівень лейкоцитозу в крові, збільшений показник вмісту моноцитів та незрілих нейтрофілів, підвищений рівень СРБ, прогресуючий некорегований атеросклеротичний процес, який зумовлений високим рівнем атерогенних ліпопротеїдів, а також вміст в крові показників, що вказує на активацію синдрому запальної відповіді. Сукупність представлених показників можна об’єднати у предиктори ризику розвитку реперфузійно-реоксигенаційного синдрому.
Латентний перебіг звичного вивиху плеча на тлі травматичного ушкодження плечового сплетення
Authors: Процайло М. Д. , Чорномидз І. Б. , Горішний І. М. , Процайло О. М.
Published: April 2023

У короткому повідомленні описано рідкісний випадок прихованого перебігу вивиху плечового суглоба на тлі тотального ушкодження плечового сплетення та перелому ключиці, яке випадково діагностували на четвертому  місяці лікування. Особливість даного випадку в тому, що мускулатура навколо плечового суглоба, так звана м’язова манжетка, втратила свій тонус, що зумовило нестабільність плечової кістки з наступним вивихов у плечовому суглобі. Оскільки вся увага була зосереджена на лікуванні перелому ключиці, особливої уваги на співвідношення у плечовому суглобі не надавали. Невправлений вивих плеча, ушкодження плечового сплетення зумовили значні функціональні розлади правої руки, які після такого тривалого терміну підлягають складній реконструкції з незавжди бажаними результатами.
Parâmetros isocinéticos de tronco em atletas de judô de alta performance
Authors: Takara Thiago , Minutti Fábio , Sugino Rafael , Coutinho Thiago , Castropil Wagner
Published: April 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a relação dos parâmetros isocinéticos de tronco em atletas de judô de alta performance com parâmetros antropométricos e preferência de golpes específicos. Análise transversal em único centro. Parâmetros coletados: dados antropométricos; golpes de preferência; avaliação isocinética da coluna (tronco) em flexão e extensão com parâmetros de pico de torque, trabalho total e potência. Os testes isocinéticos foram realizados por um único observador com metodologia padronizada. Os parâmetros foram analisados para determinação da correlação dos dados da avaliação isocinética com os parâmetros antropométricos e os golpes de preferência. Foram incluídos 45 atletas (20 mulheres), idade média 22,7 anos, massa média 81,3 kg e média de tempo de prática do esporte de 14,5 anos. Tempo de prática e idade não tiveram correlação com os parâmetros isocinéticos. Foi observada correlação positiva da força do tronco com o peso(p<0,001). Em análise multivariada, foi possível observar que a adição do gênero masculino ao maior peso mostrou correlação forte ou muito forte(R entre 0,797 e 0,921; p<0,001) com maiores valores em flexão e extensão. Dentro os golpes de preferência, De-ashi-harai correlacionou com menos toque em extensão do tronco(p=0,034), Ko-uchi-gari com mais torque em extensão(p=0,033, respectivamente), Sasae com menor toque em extensão(p=0,024), e Kata-otoshi com maior toque e trabalho em flexão, respectivamente(p=0,024 e 0,034 respectivamente). No grupo de judocas de elite estudados neste trabalho foi possível observar que o peso esteve diretamente relacionado com a força do tronco, com efeitos aditivos do gênero masculino. Foram achadas correlações isoladas e fracas entre dados isocinéticos e alguns golpes específicos, assim podendo não ser uma relação direta entre força do tronco e preferência do gesto esportivo.
Perfis motivacionais de corredores de rua de elite e recreacionais
Authors: Silva Marcus Vinicius da , Amaral Josária Ferraz , Senna Júnior Antônio Walter , Carnevali Darlan , Miranda Renato
Published: April 2023

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar as diferenças motivacionais entre corredores de rua recreacionais e de elite. Foram recrutados 97 corredores de rua (sendo 64 do sexo masculino), subdivido em dois grupos, elite (E) (tempo em corridas oficiais de 10km igual ou inferior a 32 minutos para os voluntários do sexo masculino e igual ou inferior a 37 minutos para as voluntárias do sexo feminino) e recreacionais (R) (treinavam pelo menos três vezes por semana e que competiam pelo menos em provas regionais). Para investigar a teoria da Autodeterminação foi utilizado o Sport Motivation Scale (SMS). Os corredores de elite são mais motivados, tanto intrinsecamente (E: 17,98±2,40; R: 16,86±2,58; p=0,04) quanto extrinsecamente (E: 16,18±2,81; R: 14,53±3,35; p=0,01), contudo, em ambos os grupos a motivação intrínseca é maior do que a extrínseca (p=0,01). E ainda a motivação intrínseca para conhecer (p=0,01), a motivação extrínseca identificada (p=0,05) e a motivação extrínseca regulada externa (p=0,01) foi maior nos atletas de elite. Concluímos que as motivações intrínsecas são elevadas em ambos os grupos, o que possivelmente pode favorecer a manutenção desses atletas no processo de treino e competição, no entanto, provavelmente por questões de alta competitividade, a motivação extrínseca foi elevada nos atletas de elite.
O efeito da idade relativa nas seleções de futebol femininas portuguesas
Authors: Araújo José Carvalho , Recatia Tomás , Vieira Gonçalo , Rodrigues Pedro , Fernandes Renato
Published: April 2023

O futebol feminino tem crescido exponencialmente nos últimos anos em Portugal e no mundo. De época para época aumenta o número de jogadoras federadas em Portugal e nas diferentes seleções nacionais. Com base na literatura podemos verificar que existe o efeito da Idade Relativa (EIR) no futebol masculino, de clubes e de seleções, porém não é consensual em relação ao futebol feminino. O objetivo do presente estudo foi perceber se existe o EIR nas seleções nacionais femininas portuguesas (sub15, sub16, sub17, sub19 e Seniores). Foram recolhidas, no site da Federação Portuguesa de Futebol (FPF) as jogadoras presentes nas últimas cinco convocatórias de cada escalão até a presente data. De seguida foram recolhidas as datas de nascimento, que por sua vez foram organizadas numa planilha do Windows Excel, versão 2016 e divididas em quartis: Quartil 1 “Q-1” (janeiro, fevereiro e março), Quartil 2 “Q-2” (abril, maio e junho), Quartil 3 “Q-3” (julho, agosto e setembro) e Quartil 4 “Q-4” (outubro, novembro e dezembro). Foi realizada a análise descritiva e utilizou-se o teste estatístico qui-quadrado(X2) sendo p>0,05. Os resultados apresentados demonstraram que existe um ligeiro EIR nas seleções sub16 e sub17, porém este não é significativo. Também comprovaram não existir qualquer impacto da idade relativa nas restantes seleções. Com os resultados apresentados podemos concluir que não existe significativamente o EIR nas seleções femininas portuguesas, porém o ligeiro impacto da idade relativa em dois dos três escalões mais jovens (sub16 e sub17) poderá evidenciar que num futuro próximo possa existir um EIR significativo nas jogadoras convocadas para as diferentes seleções nacionais portuguesas femininas de futebol.
Valores antropométricos normativos em idosos do Nordeste brasileiro: um estudo populacional
Authors: Santos Lucas dos , Valença Neto Paulo da Fonseca , Almeida Cláudio Bispo de , Souza Yuri Silva de , Silva Débora Jesus da , Casotti Cezar Augusto Casotti
Published: April 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever e analisar o perfil antropométrico de idosos residentes em um município de pequeno porte do Nordeste brasileiro. Trata-se de um estudo transversal conduzido com 211 idosos. Realizou-se entrevistas face a face e mensurações antropométricas. Os indicadores antropométricos foram circunferências da panturrilha (CP) e do braço (CB), área muscular do braço (AMB), área muscular do braço corrigida (AMB-c), circunferência muscular do braço (CMB), circunferência da cintura (CC), dobra cutânea tricipital (DCT), área adiposa do braço (AAB) e índice de massa corporal (IMC). Utilizou-se percentis, médias, medianas, valores mínimos e máximos, desvios padrão e intervalos interquartis. Nas análises comparativas adotou-se nível de significância de 5%. Identificou-se que os homens apresentaram maiores valores na CP, CMB, AMB e AMB-c, e as mulheres maior DCT, AAB e IMC. Por grupos etários verificou-se que as idosas com idade de 60-69 a 70-79 anos tinham maior CP e DCT do que as longevas. Averiguou-se, também, que as mulheres com idade de 60-69 anos possuíam maior CB, CMB, AMB, AMB-c e AAB, quando comparadas àquelas dos demais grupos etários. Ademais, as idosas de 60-69 anos demonstraram maior CC e IMC, em relação às avaliadas com idade ≥80 anos. No sexo masculino foi identificado que nos grupos de 60-69 e 70-79 anos foram maiores os valores da CB, CMB, AMB e AMB-c, em relação aos observados no grupo etário ≥80 anos. As evidências rementem que, na população avaliada, os homens possuíam maiores valores nas variáveis relacionadas a massa muscular, enquanto as mulheres nas de adiposidade. Em ambos os sexos, os idosos mais jovens dispunham de maiores valores nos indicadores de massa muscular e as mulheres longevas menor adiposidade.
História de vida de ex-jogadores profissionais de futebol em Pernambuco: sonho e influência parental
Authors: Pedroza Júnior Edvaldo Torres , Menezes Vilde Gomes de , Melo Esdras Henrique Rangel de , Kohl Henrique Gerson , Costa Marcos André Nunes
Published: April 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o futebol como profissão e realização de um sonho, além de verificar qual o papel da influência parental na vida de ex-jogadores profissionais de futebol em Pernambuco, a partir do mapeamento de onze ex-atletas profissionais que atuaram por, pelo menos, um dos grandes clubes do Recife-PE. Dado sua especificidade e natureza qualitativa, foi adotado como metodologia a História Oral de Vida. A partir da coleta dos depoimentos, optamos, para auxiliar a análise do conteúdo, pela utilização do programa de análise qualitativa NVivo® (versão NVivo11 Pro for Windows®). Os resultados apontam que, para a maioria dos entrevistados, houve desde cedo a influência da família na transmissão de valores esportivos, que por sua vez semelhantemente influenciou-os na busca pelo sonho da profissionalização no futebol. Conclui-se desta forma que, para a maioria dos entrevistados, o sonho de se tornar jogador profissional falou mais alto. Igualmente observamos que o ambiente familiar claramente influenciou ao transmitir valores e crenças sobre o esporte ao ponto de motivar a escolha da profissão.
Impact of Diabetes and Hypertension on Left Ventricular Structure and Function: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Hamid Arsalan , Yimer Wondwosen K. , Oshunbade Adebamike A. , Kamimura Daisuke , Clark Donald , Fox Ervin R. , Min Yuan‐I , Muntner Paul , Shimbo Daichi , Pandey Ambarish , Shah Amil M. , Mentz Robert J. , Jones Daniel W. , Bertoni Alain G. , Hall John E. , Correa Adolfo , Butler Javed , Hall Michael E.
Published: April 2023

Background

Diabetes and hypertension have been associated with adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling. While they often occur concurrently, their individual effects are understudied. We aimed to assess the independent effects of diabetes and hypertension on LV remodeling in Black adults.

Methods and Results

The JHS (Jackson Heart Study) participants (n=4143 Black adults) with echocardiographic measures from baseline exam were stratified into 4 groups: neither diabetes nor hypertension (n=1643), only diabetes (n=152), only hypertension (n=1669), or both diabetes and hypertension (n=679). Echocardiographic measures of LV structure and function among these groups were evaluated by multivariable regression adjusting for covariates. Mean age of the participants was 52±1 years, and 63.7% were women. LV mass index was not different in participants with only diabetes compared with participants with neither diabetes nor hypertension (
P
=0.8). LV mass index was 7.9% (6.0 g/m
2
) higher in participants with only hypertension and 10.8% (8.1 g/m
2
) higher in participants with both diabetes and hypertension compared with those with neither (
P
<0.001). LV wall thickness (relative, posterior, and septal) and brain natriuretic peptide levels in participants with only diabetes were not significantly higher than participants with neither (
P
>0.05). However, participants with both diabetes and hypertension demonstrated higher LV wall thickness and brain natriuretic peptide levels than participants with neither (
P
<0.05).

Conclusions

In this cross‐sectional analysis, diabetes was not associated with altered LV structure or function in Black adults unless participants also had hypertension. Our findings suggest hypertension is the main contributor to cardiac structural and functional changes in Black adults with diabetes.
Attenuation of Hypocretin/Orexin Signaling Is Associated With Increased Mortality After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wohlfahrt Peter , Jenča Dominik , Melenovský Vojtěch , Jarolím Petr , Dlouhá Dana , Šramko Marek , Kotrč Martin , Želízko Michael , Mrázková Jolana , Piťha Jan , Adámková Věra , Kautzner Josef
Published: April 2023

Background

The hypocretin/orexin system has been shown to play a role in heart failure. Whether it also influences myocardial infarction (MI) outcomes is unknown. We evaluated the effect of the rs7767652 minor allele T associated with decreased transcription of the hypocretin/orexin receptor‐2 and circulating orexin A concentrations on mortality risk after MI.

Methods and Results

Data from a single‐center, prospectively designed registry of consecutive patients hospitalized for MI at a large tertiary cardiology center were analyzed. Patients without previous history of MI or heart failure were included. A random population sample was used to compare allele frequencies in the general population. Out of 1009 patients (aged 64±12 years, 74.6% men) after MI, 6.1% were homozygotes (TT) and 39.4% heterozygotes (CT) for minor allele. Allele frequencies in the MI group did not differ from 1953 subjects from general population (χ
2
P
=0.62). At index hospitalization, MI size was the same, but ventricular fibrillation and the need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation were more prevalent in the TT allele variant. Among patients with ejection fraction ≤40% at discharge, the TT variant was associated with a lower increase in left ventricular ejection fraction during follow‐up (
P
=0.03). During the 27‐month follow‐up, there was a statistically significant association of the TT variant with increased mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR], 2.83;
P
=0.001). Higher circulating orexin A was associated with a lower mortality risk (HR, 0.41;
P
<0.05).

Conclusions

Attenuation of hypocretin/orexin signaling is associated with increased mortality risk after MI. This effect may be partially explained by the increased arrhythmic risk and the effect on the left ventricular systolic function recovery.
Cardamine peruviana (Cardamineae; Brassicaceae), a new species from Peru
Authors: AL-SHEHBAZ IHSAN A. , MARHOLD KAROL
Published: April 2023

N/A
A new species of Ambrysus Stål from west-central Mexico and new records for Ambrysus dyticus La Rivers in Central America (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha: Naucoridae)
Authors: REYNOSO-VELASCO DANIEL
Published: April 2023

The new species Ambrysus inecol Reynoso n. sp. from Mexico, which belongs to Section 3 of the Ambrysus signoreti Stål complex, is herein described and illustrated. This brings the total number of described species in the genus to 69, of which 61 belong to the nominal subgenus and 25 to the A. signoreti complex. Also, new country and department/state records are reported for the Central American A. dyticus La Rivers.
Consent, Background Justice and Patterned Privacy Principles
Authors: Powell Molly
Published: April 2023

Notice and consent approaches, being the most prevalent legal frameworks, have in recent years come under fire. I suggest they fail because they rest on a historical approach to privacy justice, whereby the justice of a particular state of affairs is a function of whether each transaction on the way was just. Instead, I make use of a background justice framing. Even where consent is present it is inadequate to secure the values at stake. When we only assess the fairness or freedom of individual information transactions, we fail to see the way many can undercut the very values we seek to secure by requiring consent for disclosures in the first place. I propose a patterned principle to regulate the distribution of individual control over privacy, and to set the background against which individual notice and consent can still play a role, albeit a limited one.
Frequency and Risk Factors of Permanent Hypoparathyroidism After Total Thyroidectomy: An Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Naushad Anum , Sattar Sadia , Salik Muhammad , Wajid Maria , Khalid Farah , Hussain Ali , Siddiqui Moghira I. U. , Masood Muhammad Q.
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Thyroid surgeries are among the most common operations performed in the world. Hypocalcemia following total thyroidectomy (TT) is a common complication that is sometimes difficult to correct. This study aims to determine the frequency of hypocalcemia and permanent hypoparathyroidism (PtHPT) following TT.

Methods

A total of 363 patient records were reviewed who underwent TT for any reason. Thirty-eight patients did not have a follow-up in the clinic in the postoperative period and were excluded from the final analysis with the final sample as 325. For patients who developed hypocalcemia during the postoperative hospital stay, their lowest calcium levels were recorded and medical records were reviewed for the period of one year for the requirement of oral calcium and active form of vitamin D (calcitriol or alpha calcidiol) in the outpatient setting. Patients who required calcium and vitamin D supplementation for up to 1 year were labeled as having PtHPT. Risk factors were analyzed among those who developed PtHPT.

Results

From a total of 325 patients postoperative hypocalcemia developed in 163 (50.2%) patients, and 162 (49.8%) patients remained normocalcemic. Permanent hypoparathyroidism was found in 42(12.9%) patients and transient HPT in 121 (37.2%). Age, severe postoperative hypocalcemia (PoHC), and readmission for hypocalcemia were independent risk factors for PtHPT.

Conclusions

Transient hypoparathyroidism (THPT) is common in our setup. Patients who develop severe hypocalcemia postoperatively and need readmission should be closely followed for the development of PtHPT.
Civil society, solidarity and collective action: Conflict-related displacement in Northern Ireland's Troubles, 1969–1974
Authors: Gilmartin Niall
Published: April 2023

This article examines the extraordinary stories of how thousands of active citizens and citizen groups forged sustained levels of collective action to coordinate and manage the evacuation and shelter of those forced from their homes and communities during Northern Irelands Troubles. Based on in-depth interviews, the articles originality resides in its unique insights into the first-hand narratives of fear, refuge, and movement caused by mass displacement that have hitherto been largely side-lined from the history of the Troubles. Furthermore, it argues that the herculean task of organising evacuations, journeys and refuge centres by civil society had less to do with Putnam's pluralist concept of social capital and was instead rooted in ideals of solidarity, collective identity and social action. In the case of Northern Ireland's mass displacement between 1969 and 1974, the solidarity and collective response of civic society was premised upon ethno-cultural ties and identities but also derived from a spectrum of critical perceptions of the state; perceptions ranging from inept at one end to outright complicit at the other.
A Competitiveness-Based Theoretical Framework on the Psychology of Income Inequality
Authors: Sommet Nicolas , Elliot Andrew J.
Published: April 2023

Social scientists have begun to extensively study how living in contexts with high income inequality affects psychological outcomes. Herein we overview a conceptual framework that integrates, organizes, and extends these complex (and sometimes contradictory) findings. First, we describe studies showing that income inequality breeds an ethos of competitiveness. Second, we argue that the inequality-competitiveness relation explains why income inequality (a) promotes status-focused behaviors aimed at lifting oneself up and/or bringing others down, (b) harms social relations when they pose an obstacle to one’s economic advancement, (c) exerts opposing effects on well-being via avoidance motivation (focusing on the risk of economic failure) and approach motivation (focusing on the prospect of economic success), and (d) represents a threat to those who perceive they do not have sufficient individual/contextual resources to cope with the demands of competition but a challenge to those with sufficient resources. We also discuss limitations and future directions for research.
Cultivating Regional Innovation Ecosystems in the Digital Age: Case Studies of Four Cites in China
Authors: Yi Chaonan , Ma Lei , Liu Zheng , Liang Kaitong , Huang Xiaojing
Published: April 2023

This paper explores the cultivation paths of innovation ecosystems in the digital age by constructing a theoretical framework consisting of innovators, elements of innovation, platforms and digital governance. Four cities in China, Shenzhen, Hangzhou, Xuzhou and Weifang, were selected for in-depth case studies. Findings revealed that: (1) regions with ‘head enterprises’ and a strong industrial base achieve a competitive advantage via the synergy of digital industrialisation and industrial digitalisation; (2) digital technology pioneer regions can adopt digital industrialisation; (3) regions with a strong industrial base and traditional manufacturing industries can prioritise industrial digitalisation and (4) manufacturing regions with a large number of small and mid-size enterprises (SMEs) who can combine industrial digitalisation and digital value. This study provides theoretical and practical value for the cultivation of regional innovation ecosystems.
Suppression of inner ear signal intensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging in cats with vestibular disease
Authors: Everest Stephen , Monteith Gabrielle , Gaitero Luis , Samarani Francesca
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Otitis media/interna (OMI) is the most common cause of peripheral vestibular disease in cats. The inner ear contains endolymph and perilymph, with perilymph being very similar in composition to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). As a very-low-protein fluid, it would be expected that normal perilymph should suppress on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI sequences. Based on this, we hypothesized that MRI FLAIR sequences should provide a non-invasive way of diagnosing inflammatory/infectious diseases such as OMI in cats, something that has previously been demonstrated in humans and, more recently, in dogs.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study in which 41 cats met the inclusion criteria. They were placed into one of four groups, based on presenting complaint: clinical OMI (group A); inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) disease (group B); non-inflammatory structural disease (group C); and normal brain MRI (control group; group D). Transverse T2-weighted and FLAIR MRI sequences at the level of the inner ears bilaterally were compared in each group. The inner ear was selected as a region of interest using Horos, with a FLAIR suppression ratio calculated to account for variability in signal intensity between MRIs. This FLAIR suppression ratio was then compared between groups. Statistical analyses were performed by an experienced statistician, with a general linear model used to compare mean FLAIR suppression ratio, CSF nucleated cell count and CSF protein concentration between groups.

Results

The OMI group (group A) had significantly lower FLAIR suppression scores compared with all other groups. The CSF cell count was also significantly increased in the OMI (group A) and inflammatory CNS disease (group B) groups compared with the control group (group D).

Conclusions and relevance

This study demonstrates the utility of MRI FLAIR sequences in diagnosing presumptive OMI in cats, similarly to in humans and dogs. This study is relevant to practicing veterinary neurologists and radiologists in interpreting MRI findings in cats with suspected OMI.
Comparison of outcomes between cross-linking plus topoguided excimer laser ablation and intrastromal corneal ring segments for keratoconus
Authors: Pinheiro Rosa L. , Rosa Andreia M. , Monteiro Tiago , Gil João Q. , Costa Ana Esmeralda , Tavares Cristina , Quadrado Maria João , Murta Joaquim N.
Published: April 2023

Objective

To compare cross-linking (CXL) plus topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy (t-PRK) and intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) in keratoconus patients, at 12 months of follow-up.

Methods

This was a longitudinal, retrospective multi-center study. We included a referred sample of 154 eyes from 149 patients with grade I-III Amsler-Krümeich keratoconus with insufficient corrected-distance visual acuity (CDVA). In group 1 (CXL plus t-PRK, 87 eyes), another possible indication for surgery was evidence of progression. Group 2 (ICRS, 67 eyes) included only eyes with paracentral keratoconus (thinnest point at the inferotemporal quadrant) with coincident axes, and evidence of stabilization was required. A subgroup analysis was performed regarding the disease topographic phenotype. At 12 months postoperatively, visual, refractive, and topographic outcomes were evaluated.

Results

Comparison of the outcomes between CXL plus t-PRK (group 1) and ICRS (group 2) showed similar improvements in CDVA (in group 1, CDVA improved 0.18 logMAR, and in group 2 0.12 logMAR, P = .18) and K2 (−2,45 [6.46] D in group 1 and −2.13 [1.67] D in group 2, P = .34) The improvement in cylinder power was greater in group 2 (−2.37 [2.07] D in group 2 versus −1.18 [2.63] D in group 1, P = .003); group 1 had a higher decrease in Kmax (- 3.26 [3.64] versus—1.74 [2.67], P = .001).

Conclusions

Both CXL plus t-PRK and ICRS were equally effective in improving CDVA and topographic parameters in a similar group of keratoconus patients at 12 months.
Non-Anastomotic Axillofemoral Bypass Disruption After Blunt Trauma Treated by Endovascular Approach
Authors: Saleem Hamzah , Liu Yuen-Joyce , Ellenby Martin I. , Sarhan Mohammad
Published: April 2023

Disruption in the non-anastomotic section of an axillofemoral bypass is a rare occurrence. In this report, we consider a patient who presented with a pseudoaneurysm in the non-anastomotic section of his axillofemoral bypass due to blunt trauma to the chest after a fall. Clinical presentation, management, treatment, and complications related to our case are discussed.
Evidence and Diabetes Technology: A Catch-22?
Authors: Hermanns Norbert , Kulzer Bernd , Klonoff David C. , Heinemann Lutz
Published: April 2023

Diabetes technology is a dynamically evolving field. Sometimes the pace of evaluation of new diabetes technologies does not keep pace with its dynamic development. This leads to a dilemma: either the evaluation lags behind the developing technologies or diabetes technologies are used without sufficient evaluation. This situation is known as the Catch 22 dilemma. The aim of this paper is a discussion of ideas for a timely assessment, taking account of the speed of technological development and the need for evidence and safety improvement.
Estimated mortality rates of individuals with sickle cell disease in Brazil: real-world evidence
Authors: Cançado Rodolfo Delfini , Costa Fernando Ferreira , Lobo Clarisse , Migliavaca Celina Borges , Falavigna Maicon , Souza Filho Homero C. R. , Bueno Carolina Tosin , Silva-Pinto Ana Cristina
Published: April 2023

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of hereditary chronic diseases with a substantial impact on quality of life and morbimortality. In Brazil, it is 1 of the most common hereditary diseases; however, there are sparse epidemiological data for the country. Using data from death certificates, we aimed to estimate the median age at death, years of life lost because of SCD, and the median survival. From 2015 to 2019, we identified 3320 records of deaths of individuals with SCD, from a total of 6 553 132 death records. Among individuals with SCD, the median age at death was 37 years less than that of the general population (SCD: aged 32.0 years at death, interquartile range [IQR], 19.0-46.0; general population: aged 69.0 years at death; IQR, 53.0-81.0). Results were consistent when stratified by sex or race. Over the 5 years evaluated, crude death rates varied from 0.30 to 0.34 per 100 000 inhabitants (mean 0.32 per 100 000 inhabitants). We estimated a prevalence of 60 017 individuals living with SCD (29.02 cases per 100 000) and an average incidence of 1362 cases yearly. The median estimated survival was 40 years for individuals with SCD and 80 years for the general population. SCD was associated with an increased risk of mortality in most age ranges. Among individuals with SCD aged between 1 and 9 years and between 10 and 39 years, the risk of death was 32 and 13 times higher, respectively. The most common causes of death were sepsis and respiratory failure. These results highlight the burden of SCD in Brazil and the necessity of improved care for this population.