bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining the Mortality Rate of Elderly Trauma Patients With Operative Feeding Tubes
Authors: Braasch Maxwell C. , Taghlabi Khaled M. , Marlor Derek R. , Hierl Anneliese N. , Winfield Robert D.
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Placement of feeding tubes in elderly patients has not been studied in elderly trauma patients. The objectives of this study were to determine in-hospital mortality in elderly trauma patients receiving operative feeding tubes and to identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality.

Methods

A retrospective study utilizing 2017 National Trauma Data Bank data was conducted. Trauma patients aged 65 and older with operative feeding tubes were included. Demographic, injury, comorbidity, and general hospital course data were analyzed. Two cohorts were constructed: survival and non-survival to hospital discharge. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were performed to determine factors independently associated with in-hospital mortality.

Results

A total of 3,398 patients were analyzed with 331 (9.7%) dying during hospitalization. Patients had a median age of 75 years and sustained severe injuries (median ISS 17). Patients who died were older (76 vs. 75 years, p = .03), more severely injured (ISS 22 vs. 17, p < .001), had a higher geriatric trauma outcome score (134 vs. 121, p < .001), and had lower rates of dementia (8 vs. 13%, p = .01). Multivariate regression showed male sex, lower admission GCS, higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, and an Advance Directive Limiting Care (ADLC) were independently associated with in-hospital mortality. Dementia diagnosis was negatively associated with in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions

The in-hospital mortality rate for elderly trauma patients with operative feeding tubes placed was notably high. Identifying factors associated with in-hospital mortality will serve to assist providers in counseling patients and caregivers about the outcomes of operative feeding tube placement in this patient population.
Testing Senders’ Visual Occlusion Model: Do Operators (Drivers) Really Predict During Visual Occlusion?
Authors: Chen Huei-Yen Winnie , Milgram Paul
Published: April 2022

Objective

The present study tests the hypothesis that humans are capable of predicting the state of a system during visual occlusion, an assumption often made in models of sampling behaviour, but seldom tested.

Background

In 1967, John Senders introduced the visual occlusion paradigm to evaluate attentional demand of tasks such as automobile driving. Despite multiple studies employing this paradigm, the concept of operators actually being able to resolve uncertainty during occlusion by predicting system output has remained unvalidated.

Method

A self-paced visual occlusion monitoring task was contrived, involving a randomly rotating basin with a ball at the bottom. Participants were required to detect critical events (ball falling off the edge) while looking only as often as subjectively deemed necessary. Assuming the need to resolve uncertainty imposed by the random rotations, we examined relations between occlusion durations and system states preceding occlusion, for different glance durations, to infer whether predicting may have taken place.

Results

Results suggested that glance requests were consistent with the use of simple first order predictions. This pertained not only for longer (300 and 500 ms) glances, but even for 100 ms glances whenever critical events were imminent.

Conclusion

The presumption that human operators are capable, under certain circumstances, of predicting system state in the absence of visual information appears feasible; however, glance duration plays an important role.

Applications

By providing support for some of its basic premises, the use of Senders’ visual occlusion paradigm as a potential tool for evaluating human monitoring performance has been strengthened.
Exploring the Psychometric Properties of the Stigma of Suicide Scale Using a Sample of Adults Bereaved by Suicide and Suicide Attempt Survivors
Authors: Kheibari Athena , Szechy Kathryn , Cerel Julie , Fruhbauerova Martina
Published: April 2022

The Stigma of Suicide Scale (SOSS) is a measure of public attitudes toward suicide decedents, which makes it unique from other scales that measure more general attitudes toward suicide. The aim of this study was to further replicate and extend the reliability and factor structure of the SOSS (both long- and short form) in a sample of individuals directly impacted by suicide. This study also sought to identify factors that impact suicide attitudes unique to this sample. The sample included 312 participants who had personal experience with suicide. Results provided support for the oblique three-factor structure of the SOSS (stigma, isolation/depression, and glorification/normalization), with a superior model fit for the 16-item short form version. Correlates of suicide attitudes among individuals exposed to suicide included perceived relationship closeness to a suicide decedent, experience with both loss and attempt, and the sex of the suicide decedent.
Review essay: the nuclear curse
Authors: Lebow Richard Ned
Published: April 2022

The five books under review address nuclear weapons and the risk of war during the Cold War. Four of the five contend this risk was higher than understood by policymakers at the time or many scholars in its aftermath. They attribute this risk to strategic alerts, close encounters of opposing forces in crisis, and lack of access to critical intelligence. They consider the superpowers to have emerged unscathed from the Cuban missile crisis as much due to luck as leader commitments to avoid war. I interrogate the concept of “luck” and use my analysis to evaluate these arguments.
Building Tokyo: Social and Political Histories
Authors: Sand Jordan
Published: April 2022

This essay introduces contributions by six scholars of modern Japanese history writing about Japanese cities. The essays cover key issues in the history of Tokyo from the late-nineteenth century to the years immediately after World War II. Despite Tokyo’s status as a world city, historical literature in English on the city is still limited. This special feature seeks to address that lack. It includes work by several of the leading figures in urban history working in Japan today. The essays cover urban politics in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, real estate and suburban development, municipal responses to environmental hazards, gender and working-class culture, and informal economies. In this introduction, a brief background on the city is provided, followed by a review of the themes addressed in the other essays.
The First Elected Leaders in Japan’s Capital City: Former Shogunal Retainers in the Tokyo Prefectural Assembly
Authors: Maho Ikeda
Published: April 2022

After the Tokugawa shogunate collapsed in 1868, shogunal retainers in the castle town of Edo, now renamed Tokyo, were forced to rebuild their lives under a new regime. A small number of them eventually reemerged as political journalists and, through involvement in progressive political movements, came to lead the city’s newly established local assembly. Focusing on two such assembly leaders, Fukuchi Gen’ichirō and Numa Morikazu, this essay describes how these shogunal-retainer-turned-journalists tried to build political networks around the Tokyo Prefectural Assembly in the late 1870s and the early 1880s. As the new government abolished the feudal status system and gradually introduced representative government, Tokyo’s socio-political structure underwent dramatic change. Fukuchi and Numa’s attempts were therefore exploratory in nature. modernizers though they were, the legacy of Tokugawa Japan and Edo nevertheless deeply influenced them when they approached their local constituencies. Reconstructing their efforts to define representative politics for the new city of Tokyo can help us understand the early-modern to modern transition in Japan’s capital city.
Does Governmental Policy Shape Migration Decisions? The Case of China’s Hukou System
Authors: Pizzi Elise , Hu Yue
Published: April 2022

Does governmental policy shape potential migrants’ destination choices? Chinese cities use the household registration ( hukou) system to adjust the barriers to gaining local status and access to public services and social welfare benefits. We draw on a nationally representative survey of migrants and an original survey experiment to test the effect of hukou-related barriers and benefits on the relative appeal of different destination cities. We find that strict limits on acquiring local hukou status do not deter migrants. However, local hukou status is important because it confers access to public services and social welfare benefits. Cities where migrants can gain access to such services and benefits without changing their hukou status are more appealing. These findings demonstrate that hukou policy has real impacts on migration patterns and on access to public services and social welfare benefits for millions of Chinese.
The Maintenance of the U.S. Racial Hierarchy Through Judgments of Multiracial People Based on Proximity to Whiteness
Authors: Garay Maria M. , Perry Jennifer M. , Remedios Jessica D.
Published: April 2022

Previous research has argued that a growing multiracial population will blur boundaries between racial groups, reducing racism and improving interracial relations. However, this is unlikely to happen if multiracial groups are judged according to their proximity to Whiteness. We examined how having White ancestry shapes status perceptions of multiracial groups. Studies 1 and 2 showed that multiracial groups with White ancestry (e.g., Black/White) are considered higher status than dual minority multiracial (e.g., Black/Latinx) and monoracial minority (e.g., Black) groups. Study 3 revealed that multiracial groups with White ancestry are perceived as more competent and warmer than monoracial minority and dual minority multiracial groups, leading to higher status perceptions for multiracial groups with White ancestry. Thus, multiracial people, like other racial minorities, may be judged according to White, Eurocentric standards. The results imply that, without anti-racist intervention, the treatment of multiracial people will reinforce, rather than challenge, the existing racial hierarchy.
IMR Country Report – Nigerian Migration to Russia: Accommodation and Discrimination in a Post-Soviet Society
Authors: Oni Isaac Olumayowa
Published: April 2022

This IMR Country Report examines Nigerian migration to Russia, exploring the changes in this migration stream from a flow driven by educational motivations during the Soviet era to one shaped by economic and family-reunion reasons after the Soviet Union’s dissolution. In doing so, it offers insights into the social realities of Nigerian migrants living in Russia. The research discussed here included interviews with 25 Nigerian migrants living in Moscow and focused on their challenges and strategies in obtaining housing. As it shows, apartment owners in Moscow exhibited ethnic and racial biases against Nigerian migrants, who also faced rental contract constraints, due to incomplete migratory documentation. This IMR Country Report highlights a contradiction between Russian government policies and apartment owners’ preferences and willingness to accommodate and apply for registration on behalf of Nigerian migrants. It adds to understandings of the conditions faced by sub-Sahara African migrants regarding access to housing in an understudied destination and to barriers to social integration that sub-Saharan African migrants encounter in Russia.
Entrepreneurial Leadership in Austrian Family SMEs: A Configurational Approach
Authors: Strobl Andreas , Kallmuenzer Andreas , Peters Mike
Published: April 2022

This article explores the role of stewardship practices related to entrepreneurial leadership in turning entrepreneurial orientation (EO) into family firm performance while considering its environmental context. Family business research has not fully investigated how the EO–financial performance relationship depends on configurations of internal and external factors which establish strategic fit. We argue that family firms can overcome the often-highlighted paternalism-entrepreneurship paradox by employing stewardship practices related to entrepreneurial leadership (internal factor), which in turn can help them leverage strategic fit between EO and dynamic environments (external factor). The results of a survey of 162 Austrian small and medium-sized family enterprises (family SMEs) show that family SMEs can only profit from EO under certain configurations of internal and external factors. Employing stewardship practices related to entrepreneurial leadership turns out to be an efficient and necessary condition for transforming EO into performance. Environmental dynamism is, furthermore, a double-edged sword facilitating and impeding the transformation of EO into performance. These findings contribute to existing research by shedding light on the role of stewardship practices in establishing strategic fit in entrepreneurial family firms.
Mobile Device Data for Parks and Public Lands Transportation Planning: A Framework for Evaluation and Applications
Authors: Baird Timothy , Stinger Preston , Cole Erica , Collins Rachel
Published: April 2022

Examination of mobile device data in transportation research and planning practices has occurred in a variety of contexts. However, little investigation of its potential to enhance transportation planning processes in parks and public lands has happened to date. The National Park Service partnered with the U.S. Department of Transportation Volpe Center and Colorado Department of Transportation to investigate how mobile device data can enhance regional and park-level transportation planning efforts by better answering questions about transportation system usage patterns. Using the StreetLight Insight data platform, we evaluated desired use cases and communication strategies for scoping, evaluating, procuring, and applying mobile device data to park- and system-level planning challenges. The analyses of a Colorado statewide visitor data sample were found to be promising data sources for planning tasks including understanding the relationships between gateway communities and parks, internal traffic/visitor flows, dwell times at internal park destinations, and speeds on park- and park-adjacent roadways.
Estimating the Load Rating of Reinforced Concrete Slab Bridges Without Plans
Authors: Ruiz Edgardo , Freyne Seamus
Published: April 2022

This article documents the development of a multiple regression model for the estimation of the inventory rating of reinforced concrete slab bridges. Given the lack of information on the superstructure elements in the National Bridge Inventory, the authors developed a data set by using the information found in as-built drawings provided by multiple state departments of transportation. The data consisted of 50 reinforced concrete slabs for which their inventory rating was computed. Various model combinations were considered, and their estimated errors were evaluated by performing a repeated tenfold cross validation. A five-variable model that included the year built, the span length, the slab thickness, the support type, and the skew was selected based on the lowest mean error and variance. The model had an adjusted coefficient of determination (adjusted R2) of 0.817, which was considerably higher than a previously developed model. The difference in adjusted R2 is attributed to the inclusion of slab thickness as an independent variable as well as to the quality of the data used.
3D bioprinted GelMA/GO composite induces osteoblastic differentiation
Authors: Jiang Yerong , Zhou Dezhi , Yang Bin
Published: April 2022

Graft substitute is a mature treatment tool in craniofacial bone repair. However, stress shielding and immutability of structure limit its use in patients with congenital defects. Therefore, a regenerative graft would be best suited for repair. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to be feasible in regenerative medicine and the clinical treatment of bone repair. The aim of this study was to propose a strategy that would directly blend graphene oxide (GO) and MSCs with gelatin methacrylate anhydride (GelMA), as bioink, to generate the scaffold for bone regenerative repair. The survival and osteogenic capacity of MSCs in the composite bioink were assessed by cell viability and proliferation assays, along with expression analysis of osteogenesis-related genes and proteins, and targeted immunofluorescence. The introduction of GO to the printing process had no influence on cell printing, viability, or printability of GelMa. However, the GO-involved structure exhibited a positive influence on MSC proliferation, without significantly affecting cell viability. Alkaline phosphatase was expressed more in cells cultured with GO than in those with pure GelMA. In addition, GO promoted the expression of osteogenesis-related genes and proteins, such as osteopontin, osteocalcin, and RUNX2. Collectively, the composite bioink enhanced cell proliferation and adhesion, as well as osteogenic differentiation properties, compared with pure GelMA.
Identifying Long- and Short-Term Processes in Perceptual Learning
Authors: Yang Jia , Yan Fang-Fang , Chen Lijun , Fan Shuhan , Wu Yifan , Jiang Lei , Xi Jie , Zhao Junlei , Zhang Yudong , Lu Zhong-Lin , Huang Chang-Bing
Published: April 2022

Practice makes perfect in almost all perceptual tasks, but how perceptual improvements accumulate remains unknown. Here, we developed a multicomponent theoretical framework to model contributions of both long- and short-term processes in perceptual learning. Applications of the framework to the block-by-block learning curves of 49 adult participants in seven perceptual tasks identified ubiquitous long-term general learning and within-session relearning in most tasks. More importantly, we also found between-session forgetting in the vernier-offset discrimination, face-view discrimination, and auditory-frequency discrimination tasks; between-session off-line gain in the visual shape search task; and within-session adaptation and both between-session forgetting and off-line gain in the contrast detection task. The main results of the vernier-offset discrimination and visual shape search tasks were replicated in a new experiment. The multicomponent model provides a theoretical framework to identify component processes in perceptual learning and a potential tool to optimize learning in normal and clinical populations.
Effect of melamine cyanurate on thermal and flame-retardant behaviour of chopped glass fibre reinforced polyphenylene ether/polystyrene/nylon-6
Authors: Hadimani Prakash , Narasimha Murthy HN , Mudbidre Rajalakshmi , Angadi Gangadhar
Published: April 2022

This paper deals with the effect of melamine cyanurate on the thermal and fire retardant behaviour of chopped glass fibre (40 wt.%) reinforced polyphenylene ether/polystyrene/nylon-6 (40/40/20 wt. %) which are processed in a twin screw co-rotating extruder. The composite specimens were fabricated by injection moulding. Addition of melamine cyanurate decreased the amount of toxic gases and organic volatile compounds, crystallinity, crystalline temperature and melt temperature but the same fire-retardant increased glass transition temperature and heat distortion temperature of the ternary alloy. Flame retardancy with V0 and V2 rating along with Limiting Oxygen Index 35% was observed in UL94 test for 5 wt. % and 10 wt. % addition of melamine cyanurate, respectively. Addition of melamine cyanurate increased tensile modulus and elongation at break but decreased the melt flow rate and the moisture content of the ternary alloy.
‘Moral Factors’ in British military thought and doctrine, 1856–1899
Authors: Samuels Martin
Published: April 2022

During the second half of the nineteenth century, the introduction of new weaponry dramatically changed the balance between moral factors and technology on the battlefield. Yet, this shift was widely met by a renewed emphasis on the importance of the human element. This article explores the development of thinking on this issue in the British Army during the period from 1856 to 1899. This reveals three phases, representing the struggle between the conservative Duke of Cambridge and the modernizing Lord Wolseley, with their view explored through the writings of key theorists and in the official manuals. This reveals that the Duke remained focused on a mechanical model, centred on the teachings of Jomini, where the troops were simply tools in the hands of their commanders, whereas Wolseley emphasized the need to protect the ‘moral strength’ of the troops and saw undermining that of the enemy as the key to victory, yet always recognizing that bravery and resilience could never overcome modern weaponry.
The Gulf’s shifting geoeconomy and China’s structural power: From the petrodollar to the petroyuan?
Authors: Alshareef Salam
Published: April 2022

Oil trade-related monetary arrangements have far-reaching impacts on the international monetary system and the global financial circuit. Current arrangements were set in the mid-1970s through the establishment of the petrodollar regime. This article empirically assesses the effective and potential impacts of the change in the integration pattern of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in the global economy on the two pillars of the petrodollar: recycling oil export revenue into the US economy and invoicing oil exclusively in dollars. The results show that the effectiveness of the petrodollar regime has been significantly reduced as China has overtaken the United States as the largest destination for the recycling of the oil receipts from the GCC through the trade channel. This article investigates the possible further expansion of oil settlements in the renminbi (RMB), based on China–GCC relations, following China’s release of the petroyuan contracts. The structure and the weight of their trade and investment relations constitute solid grounds to settle bilateral oil trade in RMBs. Moreover, China’s targeted and regulated financial opening provides operating channels for overseas holders of RMBs to invest in China’s relatively attractive assets. To better discern the GCC’s inclination to change their oil-invoicing arrangements, this article analyses their participation in the RMB internationalization channel.
A Serious Game Employed to Introduce Principles of Interprofessional Collaboration to Students of Multiple Health Professions
Authors: Fusco Nicholas M. , Jacobsen Lisa Jane , Klem Nicole , Krzyzanowicz Ryan , Ohtake Patricia J.
Published: April 2022

Background

Serious games may be beneficial to student learning and skill development when deployed within the context of interprofessional education (IPE). The purpose of this study was to describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of a serious game to introduce foundational knowledge and skills related to interprofessional collaboration in health professions education.

Methods

A commercially available board game simulation product was purchased by the university and was central to this learning experience. Participants included students from 13 professional programs. During each session, students were organized into teams of four, engaged in an open discussion with their team, played the game and participated in debriefing. At the conclusion, students completed an 11-item program evaluation. Frequencies for each forced-rating question were reported in aggerate and analyzed by profession. A thematic analysis was conducted for open-ended questions.

Results

A total of 229 students participated and completed the program evaluation. Greater than 88% of respondents either “Agree” or “Strongly Agree” that after participating they were able to communicate and collaborate with students from other health professions programs; discuss the roles of collaboration, innovation, and being data-driven for health-systems improvement; and discuss the importance of teamwork in healthcare provision. Respondents reported this experience contributed to their competence as an interprofessional team member in the areas of teamwork, communication, and creative problem solving.

Conclusions

An interprofessional serious game was well-rated by a diverse group of health professions students. Students reported a high level of agreement with being able to discuss concepts important to interprofessional collaboration.
Ethical Dimensions of App Designs: A Case Study of Photo- and Video-Editing Apps
Authors: Wang Xiaobo , Gu Baotong
Published: April 2022

This article presents an ethnographic study on the user experience (UX) design of the photo- and video-editing apps of millennial and Generation Z participants from different cultural groups. The case study calls attention to the implications of rhetorical misrepresentations of reality that photo- and video-editing apps afford and encourages future large-scale studies on the negative psychological and behavioral impacts such apps can have on users’ psychology, behaviors, and well-being. The authors use frameworks in virtue ethics to argue that despite slight variations, photo and video app UX has ethical implications that can negatively impact young adult users. For example, the study suggests that the photo and video app features tend to subvert the traditional Chinese virtues of modesty, honesty, and the middle way and that hyperbolic and playful designs can cause addictive behaviors.
The United Nations Victim Approach Revisited: A Review of the Literature on Sexual Assault and Gender-Based Violence Hotlines
Authors: Galleguillos Sebastián , Pugliese Katheryne
Published: April 2022

In 1985, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power, to protect and promote victim rights when navigating the criminal justice system. Today, technology, such as online and telephone hotlines, are changing how victims seek and receive support. Our review of the emerging gender-based violence and sexual assault hotline literature outlines where and how international initiatives can practically address complex experiences that shape how victims of violence (VOV) interact with criminal justice settings. In the literature, we identified common themes that revealed VOV demographics and contextual factors that complicate the implementation of victim-based criminal justice procedures. Our findings reveal that gender, age, and contextual factors, like the length of time before someone discloses their victimization, impact the experience of VOV. Our review suggests that the Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power should be updated to address individuals’ diverse experiences when choosing to report their victimization.
Driving Retail Cross-Selling
Authors: Xu Angela J. , Loi Raymond , Chow Cheris W. C. , Lin Vicky S. Z.
Published: April 2022

Cross-selling is one of the most important sales strategies retail organizations adopted to drive business revenue and increase customer lifetime value. While considerable efforts have been devoted to developing data-based cross-selling models, little is known about how and when store managers can drive frontline service employees (FSEs) to cross-sell. Drawing on work meaningfulness literature, we propose that a high-quality resource exchange relationship with the store manager (i.e., leader–member exchange, LMX) endows FSEs’ work with meaningfulness of serving others, which in turn promotes their engagement in cross-selling. We further contend that when store managers possess high person-organization fit, the impact of their LMX relationships on FSEs’ work meaningfulness of serving others and subsequent cross-selling would be stronger. A three-wave survey data from 166 FSEs and their store managers in a retail chain in China (i.e., Study 1) and an experiment among 120 U.S.-based working employees (i.e., Study 2) support our predictions. The present research offers important theoretical and practical implications for retailing management area.
Randomised clinical trial evaluating the effect of a single preappointment dose of gabapentin on signs of stress in hyperthyroid cats
Authors: Gurney Matthew , Gower Lou
Published: April 2022

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of gabapentin as an anxiolytic in hyperthyroid cats.

Methods

Cats (n = 47) with confirmed hyperthyroidism were successfully enrolled. The cat owner allocated a temperament score and a transport stress score at their first visit. For the second visit the cat owner (blinded to treatment) administered either liquid gabapentin 20 mg/kg (n = 22) or an indistinguishable placebo solution (n = 25) 1 h prior to leaving home. A second transport score was allocated by the cat owner at this visit. Upon admission a compliance score was independently assigned by two veterinary nurses blinded to treatment. Excess blood from routine blood draw was analysed for gabapentin plasma concentration from cats in the gabapentin group.

Results

There were no significant differences in baseline transport score between groups ( P = 0.13), but significant differences were noted in the second visit transport score between cats medicated with gabapentin compared with placebo ( P = 0.018). Mean compliance scores were significantly different between cats in the treatment group compared with placebo ( P = 0.019). Further sedation was required to complete the procedures in 24% of cats in the placebo group compared to 9% in the gabapentin group ( P = 0.25). Mean plasma gabapentin concentrations were 10.1 mg/l (range 1.7–22.7) in the gabapentin group within a 1–3 h time frame post-administration.

Conclusions and relevance

Hyperthyroid cats medicated with 20 mg/kg gabapentin 1 h prior to leaving home were more relaxed during transport and more compliant with veterinary procedures than cats administered a placebo solution.
Retirement and household tourism consumption—A case study in China
Authors: Deng Taotao , Zhao Weishu , Hu Yukun
Published: April 2022

To date there has been little agreement on the effect of retirement on tourism consumption, and “retirement-tourism consumption puzzle” has not been empirically tested. Taking advantage of the mandatory retirement policy in China, this study adopts the fuzzy regression discontinuity design (RDD) approach to examine whether there is a “retirement-tourism consumption puzzle.” The findings indicate that the retirement of household heads significantly boosts household tourism consumption. The results also illustrate the considerable moderating effects of self-assessed health level and pension level on household tourism consumption. The research framework can be generalized to other countries to identify the effect of retirement on tourism consumption.
Educating by slogans: Rhetoric and dominion in educational neoliberalism
Authors: d’Agnese Vasco
Published: April 2022

Over the last couple of decades, the neoliberal educational agenda has affected educational practices and schooling purposes worldwide. As a result, all of the features of education have been profoundly affected by such a shift. While there has been work done on what neoliberal mindset is and how and why it affects all levels of educational policies, less has been said about the language of educational neoliberalism, its penetration and its—problematic—affinity with advertisement language. Specifically, in this paper I contend that reports, publications, speeches, and videos of powerful educational institutions (e.g., the OECD, the US Department of Education, and the European Commission), display a problematic similarity—if not equivalence—with commercials from famous brands (e.g., Nike, BMW, Puma, and Panasonic). By focusing on several documents from very influential ONGs and Departments of Education, and by highlighting statements and keywords contained therein, I display how it is virtually impossible to recognize which statement is from, say, OECD or US Department of Education, and which one is from such famous brands—Adidas or Audi. Such an issue begs the question as to how the actors of education—teachers, students, educators—should think and enact their roles and how they should live the concrete practice of education within a landscape shaped by such a rhetoric. In other words, what is the image conveyed by this uniform language and, in turn, what are the projects, dreams, desires, and understandings that such rhetoric underpins and arouses?
Development of high-performance filter from Agave americana fibre/polyacrylonitrile nanofibre membrane for Cd, Pb (II) and organic contaminants removal from aqueous solution
Authors: Thimmiah Bhargavi R , Nallathambi Gobi
Published: April 2022

Constructing an easily recyclable and reusable filter is highly efficient for removing Cd, Pb2+ and organic contaminants from aqueous solution. This study investigates the optimization of Cd, Pb2+ adsorption process by thiol functionalized Agave americana fibre. Additionally, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibre membrane is used as a substrate to filter the organic contaminants. The properties of adsorbents are characterized by various techniques such as Attenuated Total Reflection- Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), tensile tester and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The filter’s performance has been investigated with three variables of thiol functionalized fibre packing density, length of the functionalized fibre and nanofibre spinning time. The fibre packing density and nanofibre spinning time are the most significant parameters that affect all responses. The impact of independent variables on responses has been critically analysed. The optimized filter is identified by regression analysis. The developed filter satisfies heavy metal ion adsorption (Cd, Pb2+) and organic contaminants.
Regulation of 1 and 24 hydroxylation of vitamin D metabolites in the proximal tubule
Authors: Young Kennedi , Beggs Megan R , Grimbly Chelsey , Alexander R Todd
Published: April 2022

Calcium and phosphate are critical for numerous physiological processes. Consequently, the plasma concentration of these ions are tightly regulated. Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is a positive modulator of mineralization as well as calcium and phosphate metabolism. The molecular and physiological effects of calcitriol are well documented. Calcitriol increases blood calcium and phosphate levels by increasing absorption from the intestine, and resorption of bone. Calcitriol synthesis is a multistep process. A precursor is first made via skin exposure to UV, it is then 25-hydroxylated in the liver to form 25-hydroxyitamin D. The next hydroxylation step occurs in the renal proximal tubule via the 1-αhydroxylase enzyme (encoded by CYP27B1) thereby generating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, that is, calcitriol. At the same site, the 25-hydroxyvitamin D 24-hydroxlase enzyme encoded by CYP24A1 can hydroxylate 25-hydroxyvitamin D or calcitriol to deactivate the hormone. Plasma calcitriol levels are primarily determined by the regulated expression of CYP27B1 and CYP24A1. This occurs in response to parathyroid hormone (increases CYP27B1), calcitriol itself (decreases CYP27B1 and increases CYP24A1), calcitonin (increases or decreases CYP24A1 and increases CYP27B1), FGF23 (decreases CYP27B1 and increases CYP24A1) and potentially plasma calcium and phosphate levels themselves (mixed effects). Herein, we review the regulation of CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 transcription in response to the action of classic phophocalciotropic hormones and explore the possibility of direct regulation by plasma calcium.
Diagnostic Yield and Treatment Changes After Genetic Testing of Adults With Epilepsy
Authors: Vossler David G.
Published: April 2022

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Exploring Well-Being: Resilience, Stress, and Self-Care in Occupational Therapy Practitioners and Students
Authors: Popova Evguenia S. , J. Hahn Bridget , Morris Hannah , Loomis Katharine , Shy Erin , Andrews Julia , Iacullo Marissa , Peters Abigail
Published: April 2022

Burnout is increasingly documented in occupational therapy (OT); however, practitioner and student well-being have not been examined to date. The research aim was to explore the relationship between well-being, resilience, stress, and self-care in OT. For this purpose, a cross-sectional survey of practitioners and students was done, including a background survey, World Health Organization–5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS). Open-ended questions and Visual Analog Scales were used to gather satisfaction and service access. Practitioners ( n = 235) and students ( n = 200) reported well-being “less than half of the time” on the WHO-5, “moderate” stress on the PSS, and “normal” resilience on the BRS. The BRS, PSS, and MSCS explained a significant proportion of variance on the WHO-5 for practitioners and students. Most participants used at least one self-care strategy and desired additional organizational services. The findings of elevated stress and decreased well-being underscore the importance of reimagining wellness initiatives in OT.
Growth directions for the JDMS community
Authors: Schramm Harrison
Published: April 2022

The Defense Modeling and Simulation community as been working to improve decisonmaking for the past 75 years. This invited editorial highlights several open problems in our field, which I believe we need to collectively make progress against in order to maintain our relevance into the next era.
Study of Learning Curve in a Surgeon for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Cholangiography During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy-A Retrospective Evaluation
Authors: Tseng Chun , Huang Ping-Wen , Huang Shih-Wei , Chen Yi-Chun , Hung Min-Chang , Wong Hon Phin , Chou Dev-Aur
Published: April 2022

Background

Near-infrared indocyanine green fluorescence cholangiography (NIRF) has shown promising results on delineating extra-hepatic biliary anatomy during laparoscopic cholecystectomy to avoid bile duct injury. However its routine usage remains in question. In this study, the technique was evaluated further with learning curve estimation and learning factors were observed.

Methods

One hundred ninety-nine cases which underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute or chronic cholecystitis within a 2-year period including 51 cases with initial use of NIRF by 2 surgeons were studied retrospectively. The learning curve was evaluated for a surgeon as primary objective. A case-matched comparison of the operative time between NIRF and conventional group, in terms of acute and chronic cholecystitis was also conducted as a secondary calculation.

Results

Learning curve was evaluated with 61% learning rate for NIRF experience. Cysto-biliary junction non-illuminated cases under fluorescent view, had mean operative time of 80.83 ± 22.82 min, which was shorter than the cysto-biliary junction illuminated cases. The NIRF group exhibited longer operative time compared with the conventional group with mean difference of 34.39 min (significant at P < .05).

Conclusions

While the initial learning phase might be affected by surgeons’ behavior and attitude, our results may provide a reference to learn at one’s own pace and to employ NIRF teaching strategies during surgical training programs to overcome the initial phase during training period itself and facilitate universal achievement.
Development of an ergonomic protective suit for physiotherapists during the COVID-19
Authors: Lapkovska Eva , Dāboliņa Inga , Siliņa Liene , Viļumsone Ausma
Published: April 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the provision of appropriate protective clothing for medical staff who must continue to perform their duties at this period is of particular importance. Physiotherapists are not allowed to suspend working during this time either, and the specifics of their work is close contact with the patient within various movements during the therapy process. Inadequate (intended for general use) protective clothing affects work capacity in the aspects of movement restriction, thermal comfort and thereby increasing energy consumption. For the design and supply of personal protective equipment (PPE) and protective clothing of the best possible quality, PPE should be explored in a systemic approach (holistics) to assess anthropometric fit and ergonomics, material properties and thermal performance. This study investigated anthropometric characteristics of target group representatives; sizing, fit and design flaws of protective suits for physiotherapists; provision of mobility in the protective clothing of physiotherapists; the protective suit fabric layer interaction with the human body and the importance of subjective evaluation of fit and ergonomics of PPE (made by specialists and wearers). The results of the study promote the usage of objective knowledge of anthropometry and ergonomics as well as subjective assessment findings in the development of protective suits for physiotherapists.
Siamese, Indian, and Brazilian Rosewoods: A Review on Phytochemistry, Applications, and Pharmacology
Authors: Son Ninh The , Manh Ha Nguyen
Published: April 2022

For the first time, the current review fully provides information on the phytochemicals, applications, and pharmacological aspects relating to 3 Dalbergia species, Siamese Rosewood ( Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre ex Laness.), Indian Rosewood ( D sissoo Roxb.), and Brazilian Rosewood ( D nigra (Vell.) Benth.). Based on chromatographic separation, phytochemical studies on these plants have, to date, resulted in the isolation and structural elucidation of 136 secondary metabolites. Among them, flavonoids and simple phenols are major components, whereas terpenoids, quinones, benzofurans, benzophenols, phytosterols, stilbenes, phthalates, xanthones, and lignans have been also detected. Dalbergia rosewoods are heavy and strong, taking an outstanding polish, and are very suitable for furniture. They are also used as natural dyes, raw materials for removing contaminants from water, and might be a rich resource of essential oils, polysaccharides, and active glycosidase enzymes. Dalbergia crude extracts and their secondary metabolites have a wide range of pharmacological actions, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-aging, anti-bacterial, anti-nociceptive, anti-diarrheal, anti-pyretic, gastrointestinal, biocontrol activities, but sexual and anti-osteoporosis activities are the most valuable.
Preference for Consistency as a Moderator of the Low-Ball Technique
Authors: Maksim Ada , Śpiewak Sławomir
Published: April 2022

This study aims to fill the knowledge gap related to the role of the preference for consistency in understanding the effectiveness of sequential social influence techniques. Previous research has shown, at least in part, that these effects are moderated by the preference for consistency. For those who prefer consistency in their beliefs and behaviors, the foot-in-the-door technique will be a more effective tool of inducing compliance while people with a low preference for consistency, who value unpredictability, are more susceptible to the door-in-the-face technique. So far, there has been no research on the role of preference for consistency in the effectiveness of the third sequential request technique—low-ball. Our results suggest that, indeed, the preference for consistency is a strong moderator of the latter mentioned technique. While the low-ball technique was generally successful in inducing compliance, the strongest effect was noticed among people with a high preference for consistency.
Knowledge and associated factors towards palliative care among nurses in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wake Addisu Dabi
Published: April 2022

Palliative care is a holistic care that emphasises on relieving pain and other symptoms of a critical illness, irrespective of age, diagnosis, or stage of illness. It improves the quality of life of the individual. Since nurses spend the longest time with patients, they are the heart of the palliative care team who deliver high standards of care. This study was intended to assess the pooled prevalence of knowledge and associated factors towards palliative care among nurses in Ethiopia. During this study, a comprehensive search was performed by using different databases. A funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to evaluate a publication bias. I2 statistic was used to check the heterogeneity between the studies. The subgroup analysis was also conducted for this study. A total of 11 studies with 3330 study participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of knowledge towards palliative care among nurses in Ethiopia was 42.31% (95% confidence interval = [32.41, 52.21]). Educational status (adjusted odds ratio = 2.69, 95% confidence interval = [1.11, 4.25]), experience of caring for a dying patient (adjusted odds ratio = 3.15, 95% confidence interval = [1.17, 5.13]), and training on palliative care (adjusted odds ratio = 2.53, 95% confidence interval = [1.42, 3.64]) were factors significantly associated with the knowledge of nurses towards palliative care. This study indicated that the pooled prevalence of knowledge towards palliative care among nurses in Ethiopia was low. Educational status, experience of caring for a dying patient, and training on palliative care were factors significantly associated with the knowledge of nurses towards palliative care. Thus, training on palliative care and education is suggested for nurses to improve their knowledge towards palliative care.

Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42021247590
How Small Brands Survive the Social Media Firestorm Through Culture Heritage: A Case Study of Irish Fashion Microblogging
Authors: Shen Zheng
Published: April 2022

With the rise of social media, brand communication has undergone tremendous changes. In particular, small brands have been affected severely. Given this, this study investigated strategies for how small brands can survive in the digital age using a case study of Louise Kennedy, a representative Irish fashion designer brand. After examining a total of 2,899 tweets, the study finds a strategic mechanism for heritage branding on social media, and confirms the important role of cultural heritage in the success of small brands. As a result, the study extends prior studies on heritage branding to fashion marketing on social media. Also, it provides actionable insights for small brands to survive the social media firestorm.
Empowering, Pragmatic, or Disappointing: Appraisals of Singlehood During Emerging and Established Adulthood
Authors: Beckmeyer Jonathon J. , Jamison Tyler B.
Published: April 2022

Although singlehood is common during emerging and established adulthood, it is often positioned as less desirable than being partnered. Using data from 168 single emerging (18-29 years-old) and established (30-35 years-old) adults from the United States, we explored how they appraised being single (i.e., viewing singlehood as empowering, allowing for personal goals, and/or being disappointing) and explored how demographic, romantic, and well-being indicators were associated with singlehood appraisals. Emerging and established adults did not differ in how they appraised singlehood. Overall, 42.9% felt it was true/very true that being single was empowering, 75.0% felt it was true/very true that being single facilitated personal goals and interests, and 37.5% felt it was true/very true that were disappointed to be single. Flourishing, intentional singlehood, length of singlehood, relationship interest, education, employment, and race/ethnicity were associated with singlehood appraisals.