bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La guerre civile du Sonderbund : une rébellion sécessionniste des montagnes suisses
Authors: Louis Jérôme
Published: October 2019

La Suisse catholique penche vers le
conservatisme. La Suisse protestante s’identifie à l’idée d’une
réforme du pays. En 1845, ces tensions religieuses et politiques
amènent sept cantons conservateurs à majorité catholique (Uri,
Schwytz, Unterwald, Lucerne, Zoug, Fribourg et le Valais) à s’unir
dans une coalition politique et militaire appelée Sonderbund. Cette
dernière veut défendre les intérêts particuliers et les traditions
contre la centralisation du pouvoir. Elle se fixe comme objectif de
défendre les cantons catholiques contre les attaques des bandes armées
appelées « corps francs », proches du parti au pouvoir. Le 20 juillet
1847, la Diète fédérale vote la dissolution du Sonderbund, l’expulsion
des Jésuites et la révision de la constitution. L’armée fédérale
commandée par le général Dufour s’empare de Fribourg, occupe Lucerne
et le Valais. L’armée séparatiste catholique commandée par
l’aristocrate grison protestant Johan Ulrich Von Salis-Soglio manque
d’effectifs et ne peut pas résister. Cette guerre-éclair est un
événement fondateur de la Suisse en tant qu’État moderne.
Pratique de la philosophie et fraternité : un levier pour lutter contre les inégalités
Authors: Budex Christian
Published: October 2019

Principe constitutionnel et valeur de la République française, la fraternité peine à s’incarner dans le droit comme dans les pratiques. Si elle ne peut être décrétée, elle peut toutefois être cultivée en théorie comme en acte. Cet article montre qu’une éducation à la fraternité par la pratique de la discussion à visée philosophique est possible dès l’école élémentaire et qu’elle contribue à lutter contre les inégalités à l’école et dans la société. Préconisé par le programme d’EMC depuis 2015, ce dispositif contribue efficacement à une éducation à la citoyenneté parce qu’il permet d’interroger, d’éprouver et de faire vivre en acte les valeurs. En permettant aux élèves de se poser ensemble des questions universelles et existentielles dans le cadre d’une discussion régulée, il constitue notamment une expérience fraternelle de l’égalité pour les élèves et les adultes qui le pratiquent. Bien qu’appuyé sur une recherche de terrain toujours en cours, cet article se veut essentiellement une analyse théorique des enjeux philosophiques de l’éducation à la fraternité ; l’analyse des données du terrain pourra faire l’objet d’une publication ultérieure.
La discussion philosophique avec les enfants : Une dispositif communicationnel égalitaire comme pratique éducative de l’ouverture d’esprit.
Authors: Hawken Johanna
Published: October 2019

Les enfants développent et expérimentent de multiples habiletés de pensée au cours de la pratique des discussions philosophiques – celles-ci étant la forme pédagogique choisie pour la pratique de la philosophie avec les enfants, depuis sa naissance. L’une de ces habiletés joue un rôle crucial comme condition de possibilité d’un véritable dialogue, dans la mesure où il repose sur la rencontre des esprits et des subjectivités : l’ouverture d’esprit. Plus avant, ce concept est omniprésent dans la littérature portant sur la philosophie pour enfants (Lipman, 2003 ; Tozzi, 2001) et exige, par suite, une analyse précise. Plus précisément, nous avons trois objectifs : définir la nature et les caractéristiques de l’ouverture d’esprit, analyser son émergence dans les discussions philosophiques, et étudier son rôle dans la pratique de la philosophie. Notre recherche-action (mise en place à la Maison de la Philo de Romainville, en partenariat avec l’Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne) a montré que certains marqueurs présents dans les discours des enfants manifestent l’apparition de l’ouverture d’esprit : la reformulation des propos d’autrui, la complémentarité des interventions, l’explication des propos d’autrui, l’ajout de nuances et de désaccords par rapport aux mots d’autrui. Ces actes cognitifs révèlent une relation intellectuelle et communicationnelle entre les participants, mais aussi une relation d’écoute et de respect, si bien que l’ouverture d’esprit peut être définie comme une posture bidimensionnelle. D’une part, comme une disposition cognitive permettant la compréhension des idées d’autrui et la pensée coopérative ; d’autre part, comme une disponibilité éthique, une capacité à accueillir les mots d’autrui, à accepter le désaccord (sans pour autant le nier), à prendre en compte les points de vue divergents sur le monde. Nous proposons donc l’hypothèse de recherche suivante : la discussion philosophique constitue un dispositif communicationnel égalitaire propice à offrir aux enfants une expérience d’un dispositif communicationnel égalitaire, propice à l’exercice d’une habileté cognitive et éthique fondamentale : l’ouverture d’esprit.
Entre Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha (1993) et Smile (2017), la recherche de l’équilibre stylistique chez Roddy Doyle
Authors: Boichard Léa
Published: October 2019

Cet article s’intéresse au contact entre oralité et écriture, fil conducteur stylistique de l’œuvre de Barrytown de Roddy Doyle. Ces romans présentent des degrés d’oralité variés. Si l’oralité est très présente dans certains romans, elle l’est moins dans d’autres qui semblent s’inscrire dans une zone d’entre‑deux, d’interface entre style oral et style écrit, où l’oralité est davantage confrontée à la construction littéraire ; d’autres enfin s’inscrivent distinctement dans une quête de littérarité plus marquée. Pour autant, l’oralité littéraire est toujours là et semble constituer le point d’équilibre du style de Doyle. Cependant, la publication en 2017 de Smile est venue bousculer le fil instable sur lequel évolue le lecteur de Doyle, tiré d’un côté par l’oralité, et de l’autre par la littérarité. Comment ce roman trouve-t-il sa place dans cette œuvre fondamentalement oralisée ? À travers des exemples choisis dans l’œuvre de Barrytown, cet article tente tout d’abord de définir l’oralité littéraire de Roddy Doyle. En confrontant Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha et Smile, deux romans à étudier en écho, nous montrons ensuite à quel point l’équilibre entre oralité et littérarité est fragile, ce qui nous amène à repenser la place de l’oralité dans la quête de l’équilibre stylistique chez Roddy Doyle, et ainsi à redéfinir l’œuvre barrytownienne dans son ensemble.
Entre voix et regards, histoires de DES(équ)I(lib)R(es) dans The Well of the Saints de John Millington Synge
Authors: Majola-Leblond Claire
Published: October 2019

Cet article est une invitation à se saisir des différentes lettres du mot déséquilibre afin de déchiffrer les stratégies mises en place par J.M.Synge dans La Fontaine aux saints pour redéfinir aveuglement et clairvoyance hors de tout a priori évaluatif. Ainsi, la complexité des entrelacs entre « désir », « dire » et « délire » au cœur de l’intrigue dramatique conduit-elle le lecteur/spectateur « éberlué » à concevoir le « lire » comme de subtils jeux d’équilibrages. Le contexte historique révèle en outre la dimension politique et subversive de cette véritable quête de liberté de pensée.
“There is always room for at least two truths” : Entre dualité et art du compromis, à la recherche d’un espace de l’équilibre dans TransAtlantic de Colum McCann (section “1998 – para bellum”)
Authors: Bourdeau Marion
Published: October 2019

La tension entre deux pôles et les diverses tentatives de résolution de cette dernière sont au cœur de TransAtlantic (Colum McCann, 2013), comme son titre peut le suggérer. C’est particulièrement le cas dans la 3ème section du Livre I, « 1998 – para bellum », qui relate les dernières semaines des négociations des Accords de Paix du Vendredi Saint. L’opposition équilibre /déséquilibre est présente en filigrane au travers des divers thèmes et motifs abordés dans cette section. Il conviendra donc de se demander si cette omniprésence thématique va ou non de pair avec un texte qui porterait trace de ce (dés)équilibre sur le plan narratif. Face à une narration qui tend de fait à se déséquilibrer, il conviendra alors de s’interroger sur les conséquences d’un tel phénomène sur la réception du texte. Ce déséquilibre est-il inéluctablement nuisible à l’intrigue, au fonctionnement interne du texte et à sa réception ? Voici les points que cet article se propose d’étudier en s’appuyant sur une analyse du rythme du texte ainsi que des mécanismes de cohésion et de saillance qui le structurent.
Participatory Mapping, E-Participation, and E-Governance
Authors: Rawat Pragati , Yusuf Juita-Elena (Wie)
Published: October 2019

This chapter focuses on participatory mapping as an e-governance tool to facilitate public participation. Public participation is a key component of democratic governance, and there is a growing reliance on digital government tools such as the internet and social networking sites and geographic information systems (GIS). This chapter focuses on public engagement using information and communication technology, namely participatory mapping, known by a variety of terms such as participatory GIS (PGIS), public participation GIS (PPGIS), and voluntary GIS. While the analysis involves use of participatory mapping related to environmental issues, the chapter brings together seminal work from various fields of citizen engagement and participatory mapping. The idea is to create one common narrative for scholars and practitioners, bringing together various terminologies, practices, and studies in participatory mapping in the environmental arena that offers a beginner's frame of reference.
Impact of Digitization on Commercial Banking Services
Authors: Garg Preeti
Published: October 2019

The chapter gives us an overview and defines digitization and financial services and how both of the verticals can be incorporated into each other. It aims to determine factors that influenced consumer attitude towards online banking, discrepancies faced by the consumers in online banking, the degree of satisfaction among the consumers and their background of the Indian banking system. How the banking system in India is categorized is included. The chapter defines the various functions of commercial banks and the myriad services they provide. In order to conduct the research, a questionnaire was prepared. It is attached below. Descriptive analysis has been done.
Cultural Influence on Employee Behavior Impacting Organizational Sustainability
Authors: Thiagarajan Palaniappan , Garcia Manuel
Published: October 2019

This chapter expands the understanding of subculture cultural intelligence by testing the psychometric properties of the Cultural Intelligence Scale, which will hopefully lead to a shift away from international culture focus and encourage a better understanding of intra-national subcultures. To avoid variations in results obtained from any scale, an examination of the measurement properties of the scale is needed. For this study, the sample consists of 243 African American graduates from Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) who work at an organization in which they are part of a minority culture. The results of the factor analysis, factor loadings over .50 and no cross loadings, reflect a very strong underlying factor structure. The average variance extracted of 0.578 means that more variance is explained than error remaining in the latent construct and the Cronbach's alpha of .933 reflects strong reliability. Implications from this research as well as limitations and future research directions are also discussed.
A Business Intelligence Maturity Evaluation Model for Management Information Systems Departments
Authors: Almeida Josenildo , Barros Manoel Joaquim , Maravilhas-Lopes Sérgio
Published: October 2019

One of the biggest challenges for managers today is decision making. The adoption of technological solutions to obtain information more easily and intuitively is increasing, so decisions are taken with greater coherence. In this aspect, Business Intelligence (BI) appears as a tool that extracts, transforms, and enables data to be crossed to assist managers in making decisions. This chapter proposes a BI maturity assessment model to assess the level of this phenomenon in the management of the Information Technology (IT) area to verify the main reasons why the IT managers of a company from the private sector in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, do not use BI tools in their management practices whereas their clients implemented such processes in the last two years. As a result, the level of maturity reached was 01, denominated empirical management or without maturity.
Application of System Dynamics in a Gasoline Service Station
Authors: Lagarda-Leyva Ernesto A. , Vega-Telles Ernesto A.
Published: October 2019

The objective was to build a graphical interface based on quantitative scenarios to track and show the performance of the main productivity indicators to support senior management decision-making. The problems detected within the organization was related to the number of productivity indicators that were independently analyzed without considering the causes and effects that indicators have over one another. The research was carried out by following the proposed system dynamics methodology. The proposal presented to senior management supports decision-making improving efficiency in three respects: 1) service times, 2) responsiveness, and 3) savings and income for the company. Competitiveness is measured in terms of the company's productivity and positioning when improving its operating efficiency. The contribution to the state of the art is the inclusion of an additional phase to the system dynamics methodology related to the development of the graphic user interface for decision-making.
Rethinking the Role of Traditional Media on Migration Issues in Nigeria
Authors: Folorunso Gideon Ibukuntomiwa , Oyeyemi Adeola I. , Udoh Oluwakemi D. , Ayodele Olaniyi T. , Excellence-Oluye Nchekwube O.
Published: October 2019

Traditional media is widely embraced by both the literate and illiterate population in different countries. Despite the wide coverage and acceptability of the traditional media in Nigeria, it has not favourably promoted migration issues, which has constituted national image crisis on an international scale. The media, having usually promoted their works with the mantra “voxidei, voxipopuli”, is thus burdened with the duty to liberate the masses by speaking truth to power, anything short of which is mere patronage of the people and contrary to the fundamental duties of the media as citizens of the world. This chapter also adopts secondary source of data collection and a content analysis model to analyse the data gathered, while the analysed data is presented in a narrative approach. The major finding of this book chapter is that, the known traditional media houses are playing around politics and money, bringing to life the saying that he who pays the piper dictates the tune, and this has in turn led to the continuance of illegal and dehumanising activities around the national borders of the country.
Tourism Policies and the Investment Dynamics of Micro-Level Firms
Authors: Costa Rui , Costa Carlos
Published: October 2019

The economic, social, and political significance of the tourism sector is unquestionable. Its expression and ability to induce economic development, are increasingly important. However, the tourism sector faces a number of structural problems to be solved. Cases of excessive spatial concentration in certain areas of the territory present different dynamics of tourism growth and development. This chapter analyzes how the investment dynamics of small and micro-sized enterprises in the tourism sector contribute to the qualification, diversification, and improvement of destinations, and reduce the spatial concentration of the investment in major tourist destinations. It is not enough for the tourism sector to create wealth in terms of investment, income, and employment. It is also crucial the sector plays a central role in qualifying, diversifying, and improving the quality of supply.
Blockchain Technology Integration in IoT and Applications
Authors: Chander Bhanu
Published: October 2019

The Internet of Things (IoT) pictures an entire connected world, where things or devices are proficient to exchange a few measured data words and interrelate with additional things. This turns for a feasible digital demonstration of the existent world. Nonetheless, nearly all IoT things are simple to mistreat or compromise. Moreover, IoT devices are restricted in computation, power, and storage, so they are more vulnerable to bugs and attacks than endpoint devices like smartphones, tablets, and computers. Blockchain has remarkable interest from academics and industry because of its salient features including reduced dependencies on third parties, cryptographic security, immutability, decentralized nature, distributed nature, and anonymity. In the current scenario, blockchain with its features provides an anonymous framework for IoT. This chapter produces comprehensive knowledge of IoTs, Blockchain knowledge, security issues, Blockchain integration with IoT (BIoT), consensus, mining, message validation mechanisms, challenges, a solution, and future directions.
Building a Strategic Framework for Retail Supply Chain Analytics
Authors: Subramani Kumar
Published: October 2019

This chapter attempts to answer the question, “Why investments in analytics haven't always improved the performance?” The concept of strategic fit between retail analytics and retail supply chain is established. It argues that a strategic framework blending analytics and supply chain is imperative for superior performance over time. Such a framework helps to clarify goals of supply chain analytics and identify managerial actions that can improve supply chain performance in terms of desired goals. It also describes major obstacles that retailers need to overcome for making supply chain analytics a source of competitive advantage. This chapter is expected to provide a strategic understanding of retail supply chain analytics.
Supply Chain Hub and Spoke Model for Convenience Stores
Authors: Pratapwar Sandeep Subhashrao
Published: October 2019

As grocery retailers have limited profit margin, the players in the industry are constantly looking for cost effective supply chain model for increasing profit margins. Any convenience store should have assortment which is more suitable for the local target customers but the company might receive the inventory from multiple sources. In this chapter we have proposed a new way to handle the supply chain for the convenience store, that is, Hub and Spoke model between Hypermarket/Supermarket/Supercenter and Convenience store. In this model Spoke (Convenience Store) receives all inventory from single source, that is, Hub (Hypermarket/Supermarket/Supercenter), hence there is a significant reduction in the logistics cost. This will allow the retailer to be more focused on customer service which in turn will make more loyalists for the store.
Competing Through Logistics Management
Authors: Lu Yaqiong , Liu Zheng , Ma Lei
Published: October 2019

In the past 10 years, e-commerce and e-retailing have developed rapidly in China, the largest emerging country. Due to the increasingly more competition in this industry, a fast and reliably delivery is important to win customer satisfaction. Despite of the fact that many e-retailing companies are running virtual network by outsourcing logistics to third parties, there is also a trend for companies to establish their own logistics channels. In fact, self-owned logistics can be an effective approach of marketing and customer relationship development, and thus provide competitive advantage. This chapter focuses on how Chinese e-retailing companies compete through logistics management. It starts with an introduction of e-retailing and logistics management from practice and literature perspectives. Then, there are cases studies into successful Chinese re-retailing companies with a highlight on their logistics management models and customer satisfaction based on initial survey. Further discussion will address the critical issues of logistics management in e-retailing.
An Investigation on Fair Trade Business
Authors: Zhang Kaifeng , Liu Zheng
Published: October 2019

In the past 20 years, Fair Trade appears as an approach of trading encouraging minimal returns, safety, sustainability and ethics. There are some good practices of Fair Trade supply chain management in the western companies such as the Body Shop; however, the development of Fair Trade business is still a new concept in developing countries such as China. This proposed chapter will start with an introduction of Fair Trade, and then analyze successful cases in the western countries. There will be initial investigation into Fair Trade supply chain management in China, with a focus on its opportunities and challenges. Discussion will be made to address the critical issues of Fair Trade management, followed by a summary of the chapter.
Reengineering of Legacy Systems into Supply Chain Systems
Authors: Valverde Raul , Rao Talla Malleswara
Published: October 2019

The paper presents data oriented and process oriented models of legacy systems. It discusses the details of systems development and evolution models mainly aiming at an ongoing reengineering of legacy systems into supply chain systems. It proposes few strategies for reengineering of both data oriented model and process oriented models. The legacy systems often miss automatic interfaces to supply chain systems, so the article presents a strategy focusing on automatic update of data of the system. Likewise, the article also presents a strategy for process reengineering in order to integrate these legacy systems into supply chain systems. Finally, a legacy system is envisioned as a comprehensive mix of both data and process oriented, while proposing a gradual ongoing reengineering of both data structures and process methods.
Agile Supply Chain Management
Authors: Banerjee Arnab
Published: October 2019

This chapter reviews some basic researches on agility and derives the various factors, aspects, dimensions, characteristics and distinguishing attributes that drive an agile supply chain. The chapter further explores characteristics for an overall agile supply chain and the finer detailed nuances of each echelons of an agile supply chain. This chapter discusses certain specifics to enable agility for retail businesses. Resilience is another aspect that is very important in today's retail supply chain and the characteristics of agility further helps achieve the same. Technology is an inseparable aspect of today's cutting edge supply chain and this chapter explores the various ways in which digitization enables an agile supply chain.
A Computational Approach for Secure Cloud Computing Environments
Authors: Jouini Mouna , Ben Arfa Rabai Latifa
Published: October 2019

The recent emergence of cloud computing has drastically altered everyone's perception of infrastructure architectures, software delivery, and development models. Projecting as an evolutionary step, cloud computing encompasses elements from grid computing, utility computing, and autonomic computing into an innovative deployment architecture. Cloud computing systems offer a lot of advantages like pay per use and rapid service provisioned on demand, while it suffers for some concerns specially security. In fact, a number of unchartered risks and challenges have been introduced from this new environment. This chapter explores the security issues in cloud computing systems and shows how to solve these problems using a quantitative security risk assessment model.
Automate Model Transformation From CIM to PIM up to PSM in Model-Driven Architecture
Authors: Rhazali Yassine , El Hachimi Asma , Chana Idriss , Lahmer Mohammed , Rhattoy Abdallah
Published: October 2019

The CIM, PIM, and PSM models are the main levels of the MDA approach. Model transformation is an important step in the MDA process. Indeed, in MDA there are two elementary transformation kinds: CIM to PIM transformation and PIM to PSM transformation. However, most searches propose approaches transforming PIM to PSM, since there are multiple points in common between PIM and PSM. Nevertheless, transforming CIM to PIM is rarely addressed in research because these two levels are mainly different. However, there is not a synthesis work that makes it possible to carry out a model transformation from CIM to PIM towards PSM until obtaining the code. This synthesis methodology allows controlling models transformation from CIM to PIM to PSM, indeed, up to obtaining code according the MDA. This approach makes it possible to limit the intervention of computer scientists in the life cycle of software development. Indeed, this methodology allows modeling only CIM, the business process, and then obtains the source code through successive semi-automatic transformations.
Optimization of Sectionalization Parameters of Distributive Electric Networks
Authors: Volodymyr Kozyrskyi , Oleksandr Gai , Oleksandr Sinyavsky , Savchenko Vitaliy , Svitlana Makarevich
Published: October 2019

The reliability of electrical consumers depends on the presence of sectioning devices in electrical network distribution. Determining the number and installation sites of sectioning machines is an important optimization problem, based on a comparison of the cost of installing devices and reducing the damage to consumers from an undersupply of electricity. A mathematical model is proposed to determine the cost-effectiveness of installing partitioning switching devices for networks with a means of increasing reliability. This allows for the choice when installing switching devices not only meets an economic criterion (in the form of reducing damage to the power supply system as a whole), but also takes into account the change in the duration of downtime of local consumers.
Placement Plants on the Field Area by Seeding Machines
Authors: Lavrukhin Pavel , Senkevich Sergey , Ivanov Pavel
Published: October 2019

Any harvest is primarily the realization of the potential productivity of plants in certain conditions, depending on the parameters and operating modes of the sowing machine. The result of the operation of mechanized sowing will be the parameters of the nutrition area of each plant is the shape and numerical value of these area. The resulting schemes of plant placement on the field correspond to certain characteristics and parameters of the areas of plant nutrition, determining the availability of all elements of mineral nutrition, photosynthetically active radiation, and the relationship of units of agrophytocenosis. This is one of the decisive conditions for the harvest. The development of theoretical ideas about the uniformity of plant placement and the use of appropriate criteria and characteristics will create the necessary understanding of the role of the sowing machines in crop production during cultivated plants in the framework of mechanized technology.
Novel Mutations in NOTCH2 Gene in Infants with Neonatal Cholestasis
Authors: Shaul Eliana , Kogan-Liberman Debora , Schuckalo Stephanie , Jan Dominique , Ewart Michelle , Nguyen Trang , Martinez Mercedes , Ovchinsky Nadia
Published: October 2019

One cause of neonatal cholestasis (NC) is paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts which can be associated with Alagille syndrome or non- syndromic. Alagille syndrome is caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the Notch signaling pathway ligand Jagged1 in 94% of patients and mutations in the NOTCH2 receptor in <1% of patients. This is a retrospective case series studying infants with neonatal cholestasis found to have variants of unknown significance (VOUS) in NOTCH2. Sorting intolerant from tolerant (SIFT) and polymorphism phenotyping (PolyPhen) were utilized to predict a damaging effect. Five infants with NC without other features of Alagille syndrome were found to have one copy of a VOUS in NOTCH2, predicted to be damaging by SIFT and PolyPhen. Our cases support the notion that NOTCH2 mutations may result in hypoplastic biliary system. Further characterization of these variants is important to assist with our clinical approach to NC.
Study of vancomycin and high-level aminoglycoside-resistant Enterococcus species and evaluation of a rapid spot test for enterococci from Central Referral Hospital, Sikkim, India
Authors: Yangzom Tsering , Kumar Singh T. Shanti
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND: Enterococcus is an important pathogen, and with its emergence of resistance to multiple antimicrobials, the management of infection is becoming increasingly difficult.

AIM: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and risk factors associated with enterococcal infection or colonization.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, samples from inpatients were screened for resistant enterococci. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration by the agar dilution method. A modification of a test tube method of sodium chloride-esculin hydrolysis to a spot test was evaluated for its rapidity and reliability in the presumptive diagnosis of enterococci.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Fisher's exact test was used for continuous (Student's t-test) and categorical variables. Multivariate analysis was performed with logistic regression using IBM SPSS 20.0 software (Armonk, NY, USA).

RESULTS: Enterococcus species were isolated from 182 samples: Enterococcus faecalis (68.7%), Enterococcus faecium (20.9%), Enterococcus gallinarum (6%), and Enterococcus durans (4.4%). Maximum resistance was to ciprofloxacin (59.3%) and least to linezolid (0.5%). The isolation rate of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) was 13.7%; 30.2% and 20.9% were of high-level gentamicin and streptomycin, respectively. All 182 Enterococcus species gave positive results within 30–60 min by the rapid spot test.

CONCLUSIONS: Overall, high-level aminoglycoside resistance (HLAR) was observed more than glycopeptide resistance. Surveillance strategies need to be upgraded and implemented in order to prevent the emergence and further spread of not only VRE but also HLAR enterococci in the hospital. The spot test gave reliable and rapid results in presumptive identification of enterococci.
Family tree database of the National Health Information Database in Korea
Authors: Kim Yeon-Yong , Hong Hae-young , Cho Kyu-Dong , Park Jong Heon
Published: October 2019

We constructed the family tree database (DB) by using a new family code system that can logically express interpersonal family relationships and by comparing and complementing health insurance eligibility data and resident register data of the National Health Information Database (NHID). In the family tree DB, Parents and grandparents are matched for more than 95% of those who were born between 2010 and 2017. Codes for inverse relationships and extended relationships are generated using sequences of the three-digit basic family codes. The family tree DB contains variables such as sex, birth year, family relations, and degree of kinship (maximum of 4) between subjects and family members. Using the family tree DB, we find that prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and cancer are higher for those with family history. The family tree DB may omit some relationships due to incomplete past data, and some family relations cannot be uniquely determined because the source data only contain relationships between head and members of the household. The family tree DB is a part of the NHID, and researchers can submit requests for data on the website at http://nhiss.nhis.or.kr. Requested data will be provided after approval from the data service review board. However, the family tree DB can be limitedly provided for studies with high public value in order to maximize personal information protection.
Surveillance Data for Eight Consecutive Influenza Seasons in Sicily, Italy
Authors: Tramuto Fabio , Restivo Vincenzo , Costantino Claudio , Colomba Giuseppina Maria Elena , Maida Carmelo Massimo , Casuccio Alessandra , Vitale Francesco
Published: October 2019

Influenza A and B outbreaks occur each year with different activity and molecular patterns. To date, knowledge of seasonal epidemiology remains a prerequisite not only to put in place the most effective immunization strategy against influenza but also to identify population groups at higher risk of developing serious complications. A retrospective analysis of influenza surveillance data from 2010 to 2018 aimed to explore the epidemiology of influenza in Sicily, at the primary care and hospital level. Overall, 6,740 patients with acute respiratory infection were tested, of which 3,032 (45.0%) were positive for influenza. The relative proportion of type A and B viruses markedly varied across seasons. Type A similarly spreads among children and adults, whereas type B was more commonly identified among pediatric population aged 5–9 years. The median age of confirmed influenza cases differed by health-care setting, increasing according to disease severity (range: 8–54 years). Among influenza-confirmed cases, more than 80% of hospitalized patients had an underlying medical condition. Cardiovascular disease, lung disease, diabetes, and obesity were some of the most frequent. Overall, patients admitted to an intensive care unit were more likely to have multiple comorbidities and being infected with influenza infection strongly increased the risk of severe clinical outcomes. Understanding of the epidemiology of influenza and the molecular features of circulating viruses is of paramount importance to optimize prevention and control strategies. Knowledge of predictors for the occurrence of severe forms of the disease may help to address adequate preventive measures to high-risk population groups.
Circuito Alameda: Algunos apuntes sobre las obras Jardín Alameda, Encontros, Caja de Choque y Serigrafías
Authors: Prado Gilbertto
Published: October 2019

La exposición personal de Gilbertto Prado y del Grupo Poéticas Digitais fue realizada en el Laboratorio Arte Alameda, LAA, de la Ciudad de México en junio/agosto de 2018. La muestra “Circuito Alameda” combinó una serie de obras site specific creadas para el LAA, en el antiguo convento de San Diego (Sec. XVI) en diálogo con trabajos personales del artista y el Grupo dispuestos en 5 salas distintas. La idea, y su partido conceptual, fue establecer diversos circuitos con/entre el espacio y los visitantes en su relación con las obras. Se pusieron en escena los diversos procesos históricos, entre las costumbres locales, la invasión, la colonización y evangelización, los choques culturales y sus vínculos del entorno urbano particularmente del vecino Paseo Alameda combinados con el relato de una trayectoria artística de varias décadas. La exposición fue curada por Jorge La Ferla. Este texto tratará de algunos apuntes sobre las obras Jardín Alameda, Encontros (Encuentros ) y Caja de Choque.
El medialab: ¿un espacio propicio para el arte?
Authors: Ruiz Martín José Manuel , Portilla Karolis César Augusto
Published: October 2019

El presente texto se centra en el estudio del medialab a partir del análisis de las transformaciones sufridas durante su desarrollo histórico y de las principales características que posee a nivel global. Se han examinado veintidós centros internacionales mediante visitas in situ, entrevistas, búsqueda de información en sus archivos y mediatecas y análisis de publicaciones y proyectos más relevantes. El artículo se presenta dividido en etapas: desde la aparición de los primeros centros pioneros en la década de los sesenta (1960-1980), pasando por la etapa de proliferación de estos a finales del siglo pasado (1980-2000), hasta el medialab actual (2000-2018). Se determina que el medialab, ubicado en la convergencia entre arte, ciencia y tecnología y sucesor del taller del artista, deviene espacio radicalmente transformado que asume prácticas propias de la sociología y de las ciencias sociales, de la comunicación y del estrato económico y empresarial. En él, las prácticas artísticas se ven notablemente reducidas, al igual que el desarrollo de proyectos liderados por artistas, algo agravado durante las dos últimas décadas.
Metamorfismo de alto gradiente P/T en la Sierra de Pie de Palo (Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina): modelado de equilibrio de fases minerales e implicancias geodinámicas en el antearco famatiniano
Authors: Ramacciotti Carlos Dino , Casquet César , Baldo Edgardo Gaspar , Verdecchia Sebastián Osvaldo , Morales Matías Martín , Zandomeni Priscila Soledad
Published: October 2019

The Sierra de Pie de Palo (SPP, Western Sierras Pampeanas) shows evidence of two regional metamorphisms: one Mesoproterozoic attributed to the Grenvillian orogeny and other of Ordovician age related to the Famatinian orogeny. The Neoproterozoic-to-Cambrian sedimentary successions that cover the Grenvillian basement only record the Ordovician event. One staurolite-schist from the Ediacaran Difunta Correa Metasedimentary Sequence collected in the southeastern side of the SPP allows to constrain, by means of pseudosections, a prograde evolution from ca. 3 kbar and 515 ºC up to ca. 9 kbar and 640 ºC corresponding to a high P/T gradient. The SPP and the immediately east Loma de Las Chacras outcrop were part of the famatinian forearc which shows a progressive decrease of P (from ca. 13 kbar to 6 kbar), T (from ca. 900 ºC to 450 ºC), and P/T gradient (from ca. 85 ºC/kbar to 35 ºC/kbar) towards the active continental margin on the west. The Caucete Group, in the western side of the SPP, represents the westernmost part of the forearc, near to the active continental margin. Metamorphism was apparently coeval with the Famatinian magmatism and with ductile underthrusting at ca. 470-465 Ma, which led to burial of the forearc beneath the magmatic arc.
Hospital Safety Index analysis in Fars Province hospitals, Iran, 2015-2016
Authors: Peyravi, MD, PhD Mahmoudreza , Ahmadi Marzaleh, PhD Candidate Milad , Gandomkar, MSc Fatemeh , Zamani, PhD Candidate Aman Allah , Khorram-Manesh, MD, PhD Amir
Published: October 2019

Background and objectives: Hospitals are the vital part of disaster management and their functionality should be maintained and secured. However, it can be the target of natural and man-made disasters. In Iran, Fars Province is prone to major incidents and disasters in its hospitals at any time during the course of a year. This study aimed to examine the Hospital Safety Index (HSI) in all hospitals (public and private) affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS).Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2015-2016, using the World Health Organization’s HSI checklist. All 58 hospitals in Fars Province affiliated to SUMS were included. The hospital assessment team was formed to collect the data retrospectively and by visiting and interviewing hospital’s authority based on the checklist. The collected data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel.Results: The results showed that in the abovementioned years, the structural safety of hospitals reached the highest optimal level, whereas functional safety reached the lowest level. The results of the studies conducted in 2016 showed that during this year, the overall hospital safety level improved (6 and B).Conclusion: Although safety in hospitals located in Fars Province has improved due to continuous disaster mitigation and preparedness activities, there is still space for more improvement to achieve and maintain higher levels of safety in hospitals. Paying attention to this, the authors recommend that proper policies, legislation, and intra- and inter-institutional coordination are the requirements for a successful outcome.
Moving Lomb-Scargle Periodogram: A way to identify time-varying periodicities in unequally spaced time series of OH* temperatures
Authors: Kalicinsky Christoph , Reisch Robert , Knieling Peter , Koppmann Ralf
Published: October 2019

Abstract. We present an approach to analyse time series of OH* temperatures with unequal spacing. The approach enables the identification of significant periodic fluctuations and the derivation of time-resolved periods and amplitudes of these fluctuations. It is based on the classical Lomb-Scargle periodogram (LSP), a method that can handle unequally spaced time series. Here, we additionally use the idea of a moving window. The significance of the results is analysed with the typically used false alarm probability (FAP). We derived the dependencies of the FAP levels on different parameters that either can be changed manually (length of the analysed time interval, frequency range) or that change naturally (number of data gaps). By means of these dependencies we found a fast and easy way to calculate FAP levels for different configurations of these parameters without the need of a large number of simulations. The general performance of the approach is tested with different artificially generated time series and the results are very promising. Finally, we present results for nightly mean OH* temperatures that have been observed from Wuppertal (51° N, 7° E, Germany).
Sulphur mass balance and radiative forcing estimation for a moderate volcanic eruption using new sulphate aerosols retrievals based on IASI observations
Authors: Guermazi Henda , Sellitto Pasquale , Cuesta Juan , Eremenko Maxim , Lachatre Mathieu , Mailler Sylvain , Carboni Elisa , Salerno Giuseppe , Caltabiano Tommaso , Menut Laurent , Serbaji Mohamed Moncef , Rekhiss Farhat , Legras Bernard
Published: October 2019

Abstract. We developed a new retrieval algorithm based on the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) observations, called AEROIASI-Sulphates, to measure vertically-resolved sulphate aerosols (SA) extinction and mass concentration profiles, with limited theoretical uncertainties (typically ~25 % total uncertainty for SA mass column estimations). The algorithm, based on a self-adapting Tikhonov-Phillips regularization method, is applied to a medium-sized-intensity eruption of Mount Etna volcano (18 March 2012). Comparisons with simultaneous and independent SO2 plume observations and simulations show that AEROIASI-Sulphates correctly identifies the volcanic plume morphology both horizontally and vertically. This method provided, for the first time, crucial information pieces to describe the gaseous-to-particulate volcanic sulphur mass balance (60 % of the injected sulphur mass is converted to particulate matter, after ~24 hours) and to estimate the regional shortwave direct radiative forcing (a regional forcing of −0.8 W/m2 is exerted in the eastern Mediterranean) for moderate volcanic eruptions.
On the estimation of vertical air velocity and detection of atmospheric turbulence from the ascent rate of balloon soundings
Authors: Luce Hubert , Hashiguchi Hiroyuki
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Vertical ascent rate VB of meteorological balloons is sometimes used for retrieving vertical air velocity W, an important parameter for meteorological applications, but at the cost of crude hypotheses on atmospheric turbulence and without the possibility of formally validating the models from concurrent measurements. From simultaneous radar and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) measurements of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates ϵ, we show that VB can be strongly affected by turbulence, even above the convective boundary layer. For “weak” turbulence (here ϵ ≲ 10−4 m2 s-3), the fluctuations of VB were found to be fully consistent with W fluctuations measured from MU radar, indicating that an estimate of W can indeed be retrieved from VB if the free balloon lift is determined. In contrast, stronger turbulence intensity systematically implies an increase of VB, not associated with an increase of W according to radar data, very likely due to the decrease of the turbulence drag coefficient of the balloon. From the statistical analysis of data gathered from 376 balloons launched every 3 hours at Bengkulu (Indonesia), positive VB disturbances, mainly observed in the troposphere, were found to be clearly associated with Ri ≲ 0.25, usually indicative of turbulence, confirming the case studies. The analysis also revealed the superimposition of additional positive and negative disturbances for Ri ≲ 0.25 likely due to Kelvin-Helmholtz waves in the vicinity of the turbulent layers. From these experimental evidences, we conclude that the ascent rate of meteorological balloons, with the current performance of radiosondes in terms of altitude accuracy, can potentially be used for the detection of turbulence. The presence of turbulence makes impossible the estimation of W and misinterpretations of VB fluctuations can be made if localized turbulence effects are ignored.
Integrated hydrometeorological, snow and frozen-ground observations in the alpine region of the Heihe River Basin, China
Authors: Che Tao , Li Xin , Liu Shaomin , Li Hongyi , Xu Ziwei , Tan Junlei , Zhang Yang , Ren Zhiguo , Xiao Lin , Deng Jie , Jin Rui , Ma Mingguo , Wang Jian , Yang Xiaofan
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The alpine region is important in riverine and watershed
ecosystems as a contributor of freshwater, providing and stimulating
specific habitats for biodiversity. In parallel, recent climate change,
human activities and other perturbations may disturb hydrological processes
and eco-functions, creating the need for next-generation observational and
modeling approaches to advance a predictive understanding of such processes
in the alpine region. However, several formidable challenges, including the
cold and harsh climate, high altitude and complex topography, inhibit
complete and consistent data collection where and when it is needed, which hinders the
development of remote-sensing technologies and alpine hydrological models.
The current study presents a suite of datasets consisting of long-term
hydrometeorological, snow cover and frozen-ground data for investigating
watershed science and functions from an integrated, distributed and
multiscale observation network in the upper reaches of the Heihe River Basin
(HRB) in China. Meteorological and hydrological data were monitored from an
observation network connecting a group of automatic meteorological stations
(AMSs). In addition, to capture snow accumulation and ablation processes,
snow cover properties were collected from a snow observation superstation
using state-of-the-art techniques and instruments. High-resolution soil
physics datasets were also obtained to capture the freeze–thaw processes
from a frozen-ground observation superstation. The updated datasets were
released to scientists with multidisciplinary backgrounds (i.e., cryospheric
science, hydrology and meteorology), and they are expected to serve as a
testing platform to provide accurate forcing data and validate and evaluate
remote-sensing products and hydrological models for a broader community. The
datasets are available from the Cold and Arid Regions Science Data Center at
Lanzhou (https://doi.org/10.3972/hiwater.001.2019.db, Li, 2019).
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BIG DATA ANALYSIS IN REGULATING ONLINE SHORT-TERM RENTAL BUSINESS: A CASE OF AIRBNB IN BEIJING
Authors: Li J. , Biljecki F.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. With the fast expansion and controversial impacts of short-term rental platforms such as Airbnb, many cities have called for regulating this new business model. This research aims to establish an approach to understand the impact of Airbnb (and similar services) through big data analysis and provide insights potentially useful for its regulation. The paper reveals how Airbnb is influencing Beijing’s neighbourhood housing prices through machine learning and GIS. Machine learning models are developed to analyse the relationship between Airbnb activities in a neighbourhood and prevailing housing prices. The model of the best fit is then used to analyse the neighbourhood price sensitivity in view of increasing Airbnb activities. The results show that the sensitivity is variable: there are neighbourhoods that are likely to be more price sensitive to Airbnb activities, but also neighbourhoods that are likely to be price robust. Finally, the paper gives policy recommendations for regulating short-term rental businesses based on neighbourhood’s price sensitivity.