bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between spectral response and manganese concentrations for assessment of the nutrient status in rose crop
Authors: Franco Montoya Oscar Hernán , Mar´tinez Martínez Luis Joel
Published: January 2025

The present research was conducted on a Freedom rose (Rosa sp.) variety grown in greenhouses in the municipality of Tocancipá, Cundinamarca department (Colombia), to assess the relationship between reflectance and manganese content in leaves. A randomized complete block design was implemented, including five treatments with different manganese doses (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the commercial dose, which is 2 mg L-1), each with five replicates. Samplings at five phenological stages were carried out, with 10 plants analyzed per treatment for each sampling, totaling 50 plants per sampling. Spectral responses were taken from the adaxial surface of the leaves using a FieldSpec® 4 spectroradiometer, covering a wavelength from 350 to 2500 nm. As the concentration of manganese in the leaves decreased, the reflectance values increased, showing an inverse relationship between these two parameters. The increase in reflectance values was particularly pronounced in the spectral regions between 560 nm and 840 nm. Among the vegetation indices evaluated, GNDVI, DATT4, DATT2, and D1 stood out; DATT4 and GNDVI showed the most promising results. DATT4 exhibited correlations greater than 0.6 during the “palmiche” (induction of the floral primordium) and “rice” (flower bud less than 4 mm in diameter) phenological stages, while GNDVI presented correlations of 0.64 in the “chickpea” (peduncle with an average length of 4 cm) phenological stage and 0.52 in the “scratch color” (the color of the petals could be observed) phenological stages.
Tuberculous pericarditis due to silicon oxide exposure. A case report with an imaging approach
Authors: Donado-Moré Andrés Felipe , Arrieta-Castaño Jorge Ignacio , Acevedo-Forero Lina Fernanda , Carrillo-Bayona Jorge Alberto , Vega-Molina Alejandro , Aponte-Barrios Wilmer Orlando , Franco-Tavera Oscar Andrés
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction: This is a case report of a patient with tuberculous pericarditis, a rare form of tuberculosis associated with high morbidity and mortality. It contributes to the medical literature, given that it provides a comprehensive review of the imaging approach to this disease.
Case presentation: A 52-year-old man previously exposed to silicon oxide who was referred to the Intensive Care Unit of a quaternary care hospital in the city of Bogotá (Colombia) due to hyperdense pericardial effusion, which was initially considered to have a neoplastic etiology. Imaging studies showed results suggestive of tuberculous pericarditis, prompting a pericardiocentesis, with microbiological and molecular detection studies in pericardial fluid that were negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and fungi. The only positive test was adenosine deaminase (ADA), thus raising the suspicion of tuberculous pericarditis. The definitive diagnosis was obtained via pericardial biopsy. Daily oral antituberculosis treatment was administered for 56 days, resulting in a significant improvement in the patient's condition.
Conclusions: Tuberculous pericarditis should be suspected in patients presenting with hemorrhagic pericardial effusion, which can be reliably identified by ultrasound/echocardiography, CT, or MRI. It is recommended to include supportive diagnostic studies such as echocardiography, plain and contrasted CT of the chest, pericardiocentesis with ADA testing of pericardial fluid, and pericardial biopsy as the standard diagnostic approach in cases with clinical suspicion to reach a definitive diagnosis.
The role of boron on microstructural and wear behavior of A356/XB alloys produced by mechanical alloying method
Authors: Tunçay Tansel , Taşar Berat , Tunçay Badegül
Published: January 2025

In this study, A356/XB alloys (0.25%–2.0% wt. B) have been produced by the mechanical alloying (MA) method, and its microstructure and dry sliding wear performance are investigated. A356 alloy with 1.0% B exhibited remarkable grain sphericity and grain refinement. Moreover, it is observed that the relative density decreased, and the porosity and micro- and macrohardness are increased by the increase in B addition. According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, AlB2, AlB12, and AlFeB intermetallics are formed in the microstructures of A356/XB alloys due to the sintering process and the mechanochemical reaction during the MA. Moreover, it has been determined that the relative density of A356/XB alloys decreases depending on the B addition, and the relative density of the A356 alloy with 2% B addition has decreased. The lowest wear rate is determined in the A356/1.0B alloy, and the highest wear rate is observed in the A356 alloy.
Ultrasonography in Anesthesiology: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Most Cited Articles
Authors: Yılmaz Sinan
Published: January 2025

Aim: Ultrasonography (USG) has become a critical tool in anesthesiology, enhancing the safety and efficacy of nerve blocks, vascular interventions, and perioperative procedures. This study aims to perform a bibliometric analysis of the most cited articles on USG use in anesthesiology to identify trends and impactful research.
Materials and Methods: A bibliometric, descriptive, and analytical study was conducted using the Scopus database. The search terms “ultrasonography and anesthesiology” yielded 704 articles. After excluding reviews, letters, editorials, notes, conference papers, book chapters, and retracted papers, 337 original research articles remained. These were ranked by citation count and analyzed. Data collected included the first author, publication year, article title, journal title, main subject, academic specialization of the first author, institution, country of origin, and citation information. The median number of citations per year and journal impact factors were calculated.
Results: The median number of citations for the 100 most cited articles was 18. The most cited article, authored by Ramsing D., received 91 citations. Anesthesiologists authored 78% of these top-cited articles. The primary focus areas included peripheral nerve blocks, central nerve blocks, and catheterization. The median number of citations per year was 2.85.
Conclusion: The increasing use of USG in anesthesiology is reflected in the high citation rates of related studies, most of which were published in reputable journals. This trend underscores the importance of USG in enhancing clinical practice and the influence of robust financial and technical support on research impact.
MTT Assay v1
Authors: White Alexandria
Published: January 2025

The CyQUANT MTT Cell Viability Assay utilizes the well-established and widely used MTT reagent to determine mammalian cell viability. The redox potential in active mammalian cells reduces MTT to a strongly pigmented formazan product. After solubilization, the absorbance of the formazan can be measured with a microplate absorbance reader. The CyQUANT MTT Cell Viability Assay is a complete, optimized kit that provides all the reagents necessary for the detection of mammalian cell viability. The kit provides a sufficient amount of material for ∼1000 assays. Measuring changes to cell viability is a fundamental method for assessing cell health, determining genotoxicity, and evaluating anti-cancer drugs. Several methods can be used for such determinations, but procedures using colorimetric indicators provide a rapid and cost-effective method for determining changes to mammalian cell viability. Among the various colorimetric viability assays, the MTT assay is a well-established and popular assay. The redox potential in viable mammalian cells causes the water soluble MTT reagent (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) to convert to an insoluble formazan product. After solubilization of the formazan with the included SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) reagent, the concentration of the colorimetric probe is determined by an optical density measurement at 570 nm. The CyQUANT MTT Cell Viability Assay provides a simple method for determination of mammalian cell viability using standard microplate absorbance readers. Simply prepare the MTT reagent, add it to the cells, solubilize the resulting formazan, and determine the optical density using a standard microplate reader. The CyQUANT MTT Cell Viability Assay provides the necessary materials to perform 1,000 individual tests using standard 96-well microplates.
Prevalence and Outcomes of Night-Time Discharges from Intensive Care Unit of a Teaching Hospital
Authors:   Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: January 2025

This prospective study determined the prevalence of night-time discharges from intensive care unit (ICU), compared the patient outcomes between night-time and daytime ICU discharges and identified factors affecting the patient outcomes. We included alive discharged ICU patients between 1st December 2020 to 31st October 2021 and excluded those who were issued do-not-resuscitate order or readmitted after 72 hours of ICU discharge. We grouped the patients into night-time discharges, which occurred between 1700 and 0759 the next day, or daytime discharges, which occurred between 0800 and 1659 of the same day. We analysed data of 205 patients which showed 116 patients (56.6%) we discharged at night-time. Patient outcomes were similar when we compared them with the timing of ICU discharges. Among the night-time discharges, the readmission rates were affected by the availability of post ICU follow up (p=0.002); the rates of hospital stays longer than 10 days after ICU discharge were affected by the need for bed mobilisation to accommodate acute ICU admission (p=0.021); the in-hospital mortality rates were affected by poorly controlled infection source (p=0.004), need for bed mobilisation (p=0.001) and availability of post ICU follow-up (p=0.01). In conclusion, the timing of ICU discharges did not affect the patient outcomes.
Building the Country’s Image with the PESO Model: A Strategy Assessment on the ‘Hello Türkiye’ Campaign
Authors: Özer Alper Deniz
Published: January 2025

Like brands, countries are in competition with each other, and this competition includes efforts to build a reputation and create a positive perception about the country, not only in the political, economic or cultural field. Public relations, marketing and advertising activities in country image campaigns are the primary targets for ensuring media visibility. In this context, the current study focuses on the strategic communication management practices of country administrations, which aim to create country value in country image campaigns, on an international platform. Accordingly, the image campaign in the ‘Hello Türkiye’ project, in which Turkey changed its name from ‘Turkey’ to ‘Türkiye’, where it is internationally known, is evaluated. With such a campaign, Türkiye's image perception abroad is tried to be increased. The planning and implementation stages of the campaign were followed and examined. Project subject, campaign objectives, strategic planning, indicators, messages, target groups, visual identity, and other issues are evaluated within the framework of the PESO model. The model refers to the coordinated use of paid, earned, shared and owned media channels in public relations and marketing campaigns. This model adds value to the communication strategy of campaigns and allows each channel to be implemented very effectively for the announcement of campaign messages. Using the PESO framework, the focus is on the communication tools and media platforms used in Türkiye's ‘Hello Türkiye’ campaign. The role of campaign planning and strategic communication in campaigns is examined in announcing the country image campaign by integrating communication channels. Research data were collected in June 2024. The data were obtained from the web page and social media accounts of the Presidency of Communication of the Republic of Türkiye and news websites. The collected information is explained by descriptive analysis from qualitative content analysis.
Liquid biopsy of ductal adenocarcinoma and precancerous conditions of the pancreas
Authors: Atayan David P. , Rakhmatullin Tagir I. , Jain Mark , Samokhodskaya Larisa M. , Egorov Vyacheslav I.
Published: January 2025

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ranks 7th in mortality among all oncological diseases and it is characterized by an overall five-year survival rate at all stages of no more than 15%. Such a high mortality rate is associated with the late detection of this neoplasm — due to the delayed clinical manifestation and early metastasis, only about 5% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas are diagnosed at stage I. In addition, the problem of excessive surgical intervention in patients who had a benign or non-neoplastic lesion of the pancreas, disguised as ductal adenocarcinoma, remains relevant. The use of a diagnostic approach capable of detecting ductal adenocarcinoma at an early stage with high sensitivity and differentiating it from benign diseases of the pancreas would increase the survival of patients with this neoplasm and reduce the number of senseless traumatic operations. One of the most promising technologies for early and non-invasive diagnosis of malignant neoplasms is liquid biopsy. This term refers to a set of analytical approaches aimed at identifying tumor-specific genetic, epigenetic, and antigenic changes in the analysis of tumor derivatives in biological fluids of the body (such as plasma, bile, urine, etc.). Liquid biopsy can be used not only for the early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its precursors in patients at risk, but also for its differential diagnosis. This review examines studies devoted to the assessment of the liquid biopsy diagnostic potential for extracellular tumor deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid, as well as circulating tumor cells in the blood, pancreatic juice, and bile in patients with pancreatic neoplasms.
Embriaguez e força plástica no texto de João Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Sobrinho João Batista Santiago
Published: January 2025

Este estudo estabelece uma relação de equivalência entre as expressões irrealidade, faz-de-conta e temulência, contidas no texto de João Guimarães Rosa, com os conceitos de embriaguez dionisíaca e força plástica do poeta e filósofo alemão Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche.
Cinema, literatura e dialogismo
Authors: Pinheiro Nicolle Lemos de Almeida
Published: January 2025

O seguinte estudo se propõe a analisar, através do conceito de dialogismo proposto por Mikail Bahktin, como podem ser construídas as relações intertextuais presentes entre as esferas da literatura e do cinema, tomando como exemplo a peça Romeu e Julieta, escrita em meados de 1594 por Wiliam Shakespeare, e o filme Cartas para Julieta, produzido no ano de 2010 pelo cineasta Garry Winick. Para tanto, serão pontuados e exemplificados os mecanismos intertextuais da carnavalização, paródia, citação e alusão, tornando clara a conexão poética e sistemática entre duas obras tecidas com, aproximadamente, 5 séculos de distância.
O ARQUIVO E O REPERTÓRIO – PERFORMANCE E MEMÓRIA CULTURALNAS AMÉRICAS, DE DIANA TAYLOR
Authors: Resende Flávia Almeida Vieira
Published: January 2025

Resenha do livro O arquivo e o repertório: performance e memória cultural nas Américas, de Diana Taylor. Publicação da Editora UFMG, em 2013.
O poema (Vídeo)
Authors: Emadi Mohsen , Aguiar Cláudio
Published: January 2025

Mohsen Emadi (Irã, 1976) poeta e tradutor, publicou os livros de poesia: A flor das linhas (Lola Editorial, 2003), Não falar sobre seus olhos(Ghoo Publishing, 2007), As leis da gravidade (Oliphant, 2011), Visível como o ar, legível como a morte (Oliphant, 2012).Publicou traduções de Vladimir Holan, Nichita Stanescu, Jiri Orten, Antonio Gamoneda, Cesar Vallejo, Pizarnik, Luis Cernuda, José Gorostiza, Clara Janes, Anna Swir, Milan Rufus, Carlos Drummond de Andrade, João Cabral de Melo Neto, entre outros. Em 2007, fundou a Antologia Mundial de Poesia Persa, da qual figura como editor responsável até hoje. Sua poesia foi traduzida para várias línguas, incluindo Inglês, árabe, francês e catalão.Projetou seus documentários poéticos, “Querido Antonio“ (sobre Antonio Gamoneda), “Um poeta no exílio” (sobre o exílio de Luis Cernuda no México) em vários países, incluindo México, Espanha e Portugal. Deixou o Irã em 2009 e passou a viver em vários países europeus.Atualmente está vivendo na cidade do México (DF), onde trabalha na elaboração de dois livros de poesia, um livro de ensaio sobre afenomenologia da poesia e um documentário poético sobre a relação entre a infância e a poesia.Em 2010 recebeu a bolsa de estudos “Finnish Literature Exchange” para sua antologia de poesia finlandesa. No mesmo ano ganhou oPrimeiro Prêmio Internacional de Poesia do Medo (Espanha). Em 2011 conquistou a Bolsa Internacional Antonio Machado de Espanha.
Enake’s Dairy Shop or About Lactobacillus Bulgaricus in Romanian Avant-Garde
Authors: Spasov Malamir
Published: January 2025

This article presents some notes on the curious case of а Bulgarian migrant family and the way their dairy shop influenced the development of the Romanian avant-garde art movement. In the 1990s and 2000s, the National Theatre building in Bucharest housed a fabled pub called Enake’s Dairy Shop, which sheltered part of the Romanian artistic underground. The name came from an actual dairy shop that turned into a cornerstone of the Romanian capital’s artistic underground between the World Wars. The original dairy shop was established by a family of Bulgarian peasants, refugees from Western Macedonia, who settled in Bucharest in the 1900s. While working in his father Yanaki (Enake)’s Dairy shop, young Georgi began to write avant-garde poetry under the pseudonym Stephan Roll. Gradually, their dairy shop became a regular meeting place for a large number of young Romanian avant-garde artists in interwar Bucharest and one of the most original literary circles in Romania. Some of the most distinguished editions of the Romanian avant-garde were created there. This name brings together the avant-garde currents in the two countries, mostly through a young avant-garde author like Georgi Dinev / Stephan Roll, for whom there were no borders, both literally and figuratively.
'De-Google-ing' our Students: A User Approach to Understanding Archival Media Discovery in the Classroom
Authors: Sauer Sabrina , Hagedoorn Berber , Aasman Susan
Published: January 2025

This article presents insights about how practices of record-keeping are understood by users of algorithmically curated audiovisual archives in a classroom setting. Our user study looks at the intersection of curated access to digital archives and actual use of these archives, between algorithmic practices and intermediated search. We discuss a pedagogical approach that facilitates learning about the ways in which data-orientated reconfigurations of archival content afford serendipitous information encountering at the data (content) level and the intermediated search (interface) level. This approach requires a ‘de-Google-ing’ (or de-Googling) of student search practices and a move from user-centred to artifact-orientated search regimes.
Television in and After the Archive: Catalogues, Databases, Interfaces and Other Ways to Organize Audiovisual Records
Authors: Taurino Giulia , Aitaki Georgia
Published: January 2025

This editorial essay introduces the VIEW Journal of European Television History and Culture Special Issue on how algorithmic curation mediates archival practices and influences the management, preservation and accessibility of television content. Within this scope, it examines the evolving role of television archiving in the shaping of audiovisual culture against the backdrop of significant advancements in media technologies and infrastructures. As streaming platforms like Netflix and Amazon Prime Video have transformed the landscape of television production, distribution, and reception, the growing reliance on algorithms presents both challenges and opportunities for audiovisual heritage. Taking a comparative historical perspective, this editorial underscores past, present, and future understandings of television archiving in an era characterized by pervasive digitization. By doing so, it provides an overview of how the papers reflect on the fragmented nature of television archives and repositories in the European landscape. Significant attention is given to the technocultural transformation of the archival work in light of digital and algorithmic practices, emphasizing how these innovations contribute to the making of cultural identities and collective memory while also raising questions on the circulation of television content after its initial broadcasting lifecycle. By taking a glimpse into each contribution, this introduction problematizes the interplay of data management workflows, digital library systems, user-centered platforms and their impact on the permanence of television content in online repositories. Ultimately, the issue advocates for collaborative efforts between archivists and media scholars to navigate the complexities of audiovisual archiving in an increasingly data-driven landscape.
Study of serum insulin and thyroid hormones levels among infertile females in Bangladesh
Authors: Bari Shamima , Begum Rokeya , Begum Jesmine Ara , Pravin Shahana , Begum Mahmuda , Mahruba Syeda Nusrat
Published: January 2025

Background: Infertility affects 8-10% of couples worldwide, with altered insulin and thyroid levels as potential factors. This study examines fasting serum insulin and thyroid hormones in women with primary and secondary infertility.
Methods: The study included 100 women, with 50 experiencing primary infertility (Group A) and 50 with secondary infertility (Group B). Age-matched fertile women served as the control group. Data were recorded on a standardized data sheet following written consent. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired Student’s t-tests with SPSS software, version 12.
Results: In this study, the mean fasting serum insulin and TSH levels were significantly higher in infertile women compared to fertile women (p<0.001). Within the infertility group, serum fasting insulin was higher in women with primary infertility than in those with secondary infertility, although this difference was not statistically significant. The mean TSH levels in both infertility groups were significantly elevated compared to the fertile group. Among those with infertility, 28% of women with primary infertility and 24% with secondary infertility had hypothyroidism, while elevated serum insulin levels were observed in 22% and 20% of these groups, respectively. Among the hypothyroid infertile women, 64.2% (9 of 14) with primary infertility and 58.3% (7 of 12) with secondary infertility also had hyperinsulinemia.
Conclusions: The study found higher fasting serum insulin and TSH levels in infertile women, often linked to hypothyroidism, menstrual irregularities, and ovulatory dysfunction. It emphasizes the need to assess TSH and insulin levels in infertility evaluations.
Prevalence of heart failure in dengue patients with concurrent capillary leakage syndrome, unveiling ‘leakage-failure coexistence’
Authors: Motalib Mohammad Abdul , Pramanik Dipok Kumar
Published: January 2025

Background: Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral infection, has been a growing global health concern with significant morbidity and mortality. Among the myriad complications that Dengue can manifest, capillary leakage syndrome has emerged as a particularly severe and challenging aspect of the disease.
Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of heart failure in dengue patients with concurrent capillary leakage syndrome.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Department of Medicine, Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical Hospital, Sirajgonj, Bangladesh, during the period from July 2022 to June 2024. Out of 400 cases of dengue fever patients, 50 patients diagnosed with dengue fever with heart failure with concurrent capillary leakage syndrome were included in this study.
Result: This study of total 400 participants (mean age 35.4±12.6 years) revealed male predominance (64%, p=0.036) and urban residency (76%, p=0.017). The average presentation delay was 6.2 days, with 30% reporting prior dengue (p=0.025). Laboratory findings showed elevated hematocrit (48.5%±5.2%, p=0.012), hypoalbuminemia (1.8±0.4 g/dl, p=0.001), and raised NT-proBNP (1500 pg/ml, p=0.007), indicating CLS and cardiac stress. Echocardiography identified reduced LVEF (28%), myocarditis (22%), and arrhythmias (16%) on ECG. Predictors of heart failure included NT-proBNP (OR 4.2, p=0.002) and hypoalbuminemia (OR 3.5, p=0.004). Heart failure was present in 5%, highlighting the burden of CLS and cardiac dysfunction, necessitating improved diagnostics and multidisciplinary interventions.
Conclusion: This study highlights the multifaceted complications of CLS and cardiac involvement in dengue patients.
A study on fall incidences affecting patient’s safety in a multispecialty hospital
Authors: Fernandes Sonal Sophia , Moras Jyothi Seema , Saldanha Alvita Lurdin , Cardoza Shyni
Published: January 2025

Background: Falls in healthcare settings are a significant concern, resulting in fear, pain, injuries, extended hospital stays, patient discomfort, and diminished quality of life. Several risk factors for falls have been identified, including age, gender, medications, mental status, chronic conditions, and environmental factors. This study aimed to determine fall risk-related activity patterns in patients during hospitalization and identify and describe the incidences of falls, circumstances of falls, and fall-related injuries.
Methods: A retrospective, time-bound study was conducted, collecting data from fall incidence reports, patient medical records, and nursing department data using a mixed-methods approach (quantitative data) over a 9-month period (January 2023 to September 2023). The study included all fall patients from January 2023 to September 2023, with a total of 12,673 inpatients and 11 reported fall incidences.
Results: The study found that the age group 61-80 years had the highest fall risk incidences, with most falls occurring at night due to patients not wanting to disturb relatives or call nurses for assistance. Additionally, a lack of education regarding fall risk from nurses to patients and relatives was observed, and in some cases, relatives were not present, and nurses were unaware of the patient’s solitude.
Conclusions: Fall interventions should be linked to each etiologic factor, and accidental falls can be prevented by ensuring a safe environment. Healthcare and nursing teams play a crucial role in fall prevention, interacting with patients the most, and proper training and autonomy are essential for implementing and assessing individualized preventative measures using information technology systems and tools.
Agenesis of the corpus callosum associated with hereditary syndromes
Authors: Milovanova Olga A. , Tarakanova Tat'yana Yu. , Pronicheva Yuliya B. , Katasonova Lyubov' P. , Biche-Ool Salbakay Kx. , Vorozhbieva Tat'yana E.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is detected in patients with cerebral dysgenesis associated with various hereditary syndromes. It is conventionally subdivided into total (the absence of commissural fibers) and partial (agenesis of the rostral and caudal areas of the corpus callosum) ACC. The disorder can either be individual or associated with other developmental brain malformations. Isolated pathologies of the corpus callosum can be clinically occult, thus significantly impeding diagnosis of this pathology. AAC can be verified using various neuroimaging data, including fetal brain ultrasonography. In this study, we report two cases of patients with ACC associated with hereditary syndromes from our own clinical experience. In one case, the course of the disease was relatively favorable. The severe infantile form with fatal outcome is reported in the second case. The detailed autopsy data and results of morphological examination of the brain are presented. Special attention is paid to the issues associated with analysis of clinical phenotypes, as well as lifetime and postmortem diagnosis of the disease.
Activation of GPR81 lactate receptors stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis in cerebral microvessel endothelial cells
Authors: Khilazheva E. D. , Pisareva N. V. , Morgun A. V. , Boitsova E. B. , Taranushenko T. E. , Frolova O. V. , Salmina Alla B.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Cerebral endothelial cells express monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 for bloodbrain barrier (BBB) transfer of lactate, which are regulated by CD147 activity, as well as lactate receptors GPR81 (HCAR1). Metabolism and intercellular transport of lactate is the crucial mechanism for regulating the function of BBB cells.
Objective. To study the effect of activity of GPR81 receptors in cerebral endothelial cells on expression of MCT1, CD147 and the mitochondrial dynamics, which will make it possible to explain the effect of local production of lactate by perivascular astrocytes on angiogenesis in the cerebral tissue.
Materials and methods. The culture of cerebral endothelial cells isolated from the brain of 1517-day-old Wistar rat embryos was used in this study. Mitochondrial biogenesis of cerebral endothelial cells was studied using the standard MitoBiogenesis In-Cell ELISA Kit protocol (Abcam). Chemical hypoxia was induced by incubation in the presence of 50 M iodoacetate for 30 min. 3Cl-5OH-BA (Calbiochem) at concentrations of 5, 50, and 500 M was used as an agonist of GPR81 lactate receptors during 24 h. The number of cells expressing GPR81, CD147, and MCT1 molecules was evaluated using indirect double-antibody ELISA.
Results. It was found for the first time that prolonged dose-dependent stimulation of GPR81 receptors with 3Cl-5OH-BA intensifies mitochondrial biogenesis (up to 1.5-fold, р0.05). Meanwhile, a statistically significant (p0.05) inhibition of expression of monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 (from 811.6% to 40.74.4%) and the conjugated CD147 protein (from 57.43.3% to 48.32.9%) in cerebral endothelial cells in the study group compared to the control group.
Conclusions. The findings broaden the range of potential applications of GPR81 agonists for modulating intercellular interactions in a neurovascular unit and controlling the functional activity of cerebral microvessel endothelial cells.
Immunocytochemical and morphometric changes in astroglial cells in the perifocal zone of the cerebral infarction model
Authors: Voronkov Dmitriy N. , Salnikova Olga V. , Khudoerkov Rudolf M.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The perifocal zone of cerebral infarction contains dying and reactively altered neurons whose fate depends on the type of intracellular interactions and, in particular, on the response of astrocytes partaking both in neuronal damage and neuroprotection. The features of the response of astrocytes to ischemic injury and the role of their activation in gliosis have been studied insufficiently.
Objective. To evaluate the changes in astroglia in the perifocal zone of cerebral infarction depending on its reproduction time by immunomorphology and computerassisted morphometry.
Materials and methods. Infarction was induced in the left hemisphere of rat brain cortex (n=10) by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Astrocyte distribution and shape were assessed on day 3 and 21 after surgery; localization of gliofibrillar acidic protein (GFAP), aquaporin 4 (AQP4), and glutamine synthetase (GlnS) in the perifocal zone was measured.
Results. Astrocyte shape and distribution, as well as GFAP expression, significantly altered depending on time that has passed since the infarction and distance to the injury focus. On day 3, the area occupied by astrocyte processes decreased by 15% of the control value, while increasing by 35% on day 21. Expression of GlnS and AQP4 near the infarction focus decreased on day 3, while opposite changes were observed on day 21. Redistribution of the studied proteins in processes of reactive astrocytes was also detected. Two morphological types of astrocytes were differentiated: the scarring polarized astrocytes, which were characterized by redistribution of marker proteins in processes, and the moderately altered transiently activated ones.
Conclusions. Astrocytes were found to be heterogeneous in the perifocal zone of cerebral infarction; a dependence between changes in their structure and function and the distance to the injury focus and time that passed after the infarction was revealed. The scarring and transiently activated astrocytes, which play different roles in remodeling and repair of ischemic neural tissue in the perifocal zone of cerebral infarction, were characterized by immunohistochemical and morphometric analysis.
Atypical clinical cases of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)
Authors: Moroz Anna A. , Abramycheva Natalia Yu. , Ivanova Ekaterina O. , Konovalov Rodion N. , Timerbaeva Sofiya L. , Illarioshkin Sergey N.
Published: January 2025

C
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a hereditary CNS disease with autosomal dominant inheritance caused by NOTCH3 gene mutations. In classic cases, CADASIL manifests with headaches, repeated cerebrovascular disorders, and progressive cognitive decline. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging plays an important diagnostic role as it reveals multiple lacunar infarcts in the basal ganglia, brainstem, and cerebellum, as well as focal white matter lesions and diffuse leukoaraiosis changes. CADASIL can sometimes have other symptoms and be disguised as phenotypes atypical of this disease. We report two genetically confirmed cases of CADASIL with atypical clinical presentation that manifested with predominantly cerebellar or essential tremor combined with cognitive and affective disorders. The main principles of diagnosis of this disease characterized by clinical polymorphism are discussed.
Small fiber neuropathy
Authors: Suponeva Natalya A. , Belova Natalia V. , Zaitseva Natalia I. , Yusupova Djamilya G. , Lagoda Dmitry Yu. , Korepina Olga S. , Piradov Mikhail A.
Published: January 2025

Despite the fact that small fiber neuropathy (SFN) has already been studied for 30 years, it remains one of the most mysterious diseases that are extremely difficult to diagnose and cure. The prevalence of SFN is 52.95 per 100,000 population; diabetes mellitus is considered to be the most frequent cause of this disease. Chronic neuropathic pain syndrome, temperature sensation abnormalities, and vegetative disorders develop as a result of damage to fine myelinated А- and unmyelinated C fibers. The disease mainly spreads in the upward direction: from feet to the proximal body parts and arms; primary axonal damage takes place. Although SFN is believed to be one of the most benign neuropathy types as it does not affect the large sensory and motor fibers, it significantly decreases patients quality of life.
Monoclonal Antibodies: Present and Future in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (Based on the Proceedings of the 32nd Congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis - ECTRIMS)
Authors: Votintseva Marina V. , Petrov Andrey M. , Stolyarov Igor D.
Published: January 2025

The development of new highly effective medications with acceptable safety profile targeted at the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most important problems of modern neurology. In recent years, MS pathogenesis studies and clinical trials of new treatments enabled regulatory authorities of many countries to approve the use of monoclonal antibody pharmaceuticals. At the 32nd Congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS), special consideration was given to natalizumab, alemtuzumab, daclizumab, ocrelizumab, rituximab, opicinumab, and ofatumumab. This publication provides an overview of the main results of the Congress. It was noted that decrease of disability rate in MS patients with a view to completely stopping disease progression is the most important objective of the use of the modern medications modifying MS course (MMMSC). Careful analysis is required to assess the long-term effects of the MMMSC and switching algorithms from the first line of MS therapy to the second one, as well as subsequent switching to the other regimens.
Assessment of the effects of cellular therapy on reproduction of the conditioned passive avoidance reflex in rats with quinoline-induced model of Huntington’s disease
Authors: Stavrovskaya Alla V. , Novosadova Ekaterina V. , Yamshchikova Nina G. , Olshansky Artem S. , Gushchina Anastasiya S. , Konovalova Eugeniya V. , Grivennikov Igor' A. , Illarioshkin Sergey N.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The model involving injection of quinolinic acid (QA) into the rat striatum simulates many clinical and morphological characteristics of Huntingtons disease (HD). Searching for effective treatment methods is rather topical because of the fatality of HD. One of such methods is to create a neuroprotective environment to slow down the current degenerative process and/or replace dead neurons. In particular, this can be performed by transplantation of cells capable of undergoing neuronal differentiation and integration into the proper structural and functional brain networks.
Objective. To assess effectiveness and safety of transplantation of neural progenitors differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) harvested from a healthy donor into the striatum with QA-induced model of HD.
Materials and methods. The effects of neurotransplantation on reproduction of the conditioned passive avoidance reflex were studied in rats with the model of HD induced by injection of QA into the caudate nuclei of the striatum. In the study group (n=8), human neural progenitors (1106 per 10 l of normal saline unilaterally, on the injured side) derived from iPSCs harvested from a healthy donor were injected into the caudate nuclei as the transplanted material; normal saline was injected in the control group. The conditioned passive avoidance responses were tested using the ShutАvoid 1.8.03 software on a Harvard apparatus (Panlab, Spain).
Results. When testing the reproduction of the passive avoidance responses, we found that injection of QA into the caudate nuclei of the rat brain reliably reduced the conditioned responses. Neurotransplantation of neural progenitors derived from iPSCs had a clear therapeutic effect and reinforced the passive avoidance reflex. During the entire testing period (7 days after exposure to the pain stimulus), the experimental animals either did not visit the dark compartment at all or visited it with a long latency period.
Conclusions. Experimental neurotransplantation using iPSC derivatives allowance to improve storage of trace memory in rats with QA-induced model of HD, which contributes to correction of cognitive impairments caused by administration of the neurotoxin.
Electrophysiological methods for estimation of the number of motor units
Authors: Murtazina Aysylu F. , Belyakova-Bodina Aleksandra I. , Brutyan Amayak G.
Published: January 2025

Various neurological diseases involving motor neurons or their axons lead to decrease in the number of functioning motor units (MU). Counting the number of intact MUs plays significant role in assessing the progression of the pathological process associated with motor neuron death. Quantitative estimation of MUs using routine electromyography methods is usually impossible. Therefore, electrophysiological methods for estimation of the number of MUs, currently known under the common name MUNE (motor unit number estimation), are being discovered over the past decades. The first publication on MUNE was issued in 1971. Since that time, promising, more accurate, and less time-consuming modifications have been developed, and new MU counting methods have been proposed. In recent years, we can see increasing interest in MUNE in connection with the search for new treatments for motor neuron disease, assessment of their effectiveness, and dynamic control of the disease. Today, MUNE is considered as a potential biomarker in clinical trials of new treatments for motor neuron disease. This review presents the available MUNE techniques, describes their comparative characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of each method, and discusses the experience and prospects of their application.
Quality of life as an integral indicator for effectiveness of rehabilitation in patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Luk'yanchikova Larisa V. , Bel'skaya Galina N.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Neurological deficits due to ischemic stroke may cause temporary or permanent disability affecting quality of life. Thus, quality of life assessment is important for evaluation of rehabilitation outcomes and general state of the health after a vascular accident.
Objective. To evaluate quality of life in patients in the recovery period of hemispheric ischemic stroke within subsequent year after a vascular accident.
Material and methods. One hundred twenty-three patients (age ranging 4080 years) with stroke were examined in the acute and recovery (up to 1 year) periods. In the acute period of stroke and after a rehabilitation course, patients underwent assessment with Barthel Scale, modified Rankin
Scale, NIHSS scale, and health status questionnaire SF-36.
Results. We found that within the first 3 months following acute ischemic stroke there was an improvement due to rehabilitation course in all areas which determine patients quality of life (including Role Emotional and Mental Health SF-36 scores). Adherence to the personalized out-patient rehabilitation program determines improvement in neurological and SF-36 outcomes as well as establishes adaptive coping strategies.
Conclusion. Within the first year after a vascular accident, patients with mild to moderate post-stroke neurological deficits showed recovery in self-care activities, functional independence, SF-36 scores for physical and mental health components along with improvement of focal neurological deficits.
History of description of Huntington disease in Russia Yury A. Seliverstov
Authors: Seliverstov Yury A.
Published: January 2025

This paper reviews detailed historical aspects of description of Huntingtons disease (HD) in Russia. First not well-known publications reporting HD in Russia are presented. Diverse terminology which was used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries Russian medical literature on HD is discussed. The author touches upon a problem of using unified Russian terms in the modern scientific publications on HD.
Prevention of cerebrovascular disease in patients with myeloproliferatie disorders
Authors: Tanashyan Marine M. , Kuznetsova Polina I. , Shabalina Alla A. , Raskurazhev Anton A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Hemorheological abnormalities in patients with Ph-negative myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) may lead to the development and/or progression ofcerebrovascular pathology. Adequate preventive therapy in such cases lowers the risk of cerebral thrombotic complications.
Objective. Evaluation of the effect of dipiridamole and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on platelet and erythrocyte aggregation, as well as morphofunctional properties of erythrocytes in patients with cerebrovascular disease (CVD) on the background of MPD.
Materials and methods. The study comprised 40 patients with various forms of CVD and Рh-negative MPD: 20 patients received dipyridamole, 20 ASA for prevention of cerebral thrombotic complications. Mean study age was 44.6 years [35; 58.5]. A thorough clinical and neurological examination was performed, as well as neuroimaging studies, coagulation tests, analysis of platelet aggregation and rheological properties of erythrocytes.
Results. Within the observation period (median 6.3 months) no acute cerebrovascular events in both groups were observed. Platelet aggregation (induced by ADP or adrenaline) was similar in both groups. Dipyridamole and ASA were also similar in their effect on functional properties of erythrocytes.
Conclusion. Our findings suggest that the therapeutic effect of dipyridamole concerning CVD is similar to that of ASA. Dipyridamole can be recommended for use in patients with Рh-negative MPD if other antiplatelet agents are contraindicated.
Surgical treatment of the carpal tunnel syndrome using endoscopic and electrophysiological monitoring
Authors: Vershinin Andrey V. , Gushcha Artem O. , Arestov Sergey O. , Nizametdinova Dinara M.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a variant of tunnel neuropathy, which develops as a result of compression of the median nerve by a hypertrophic flexor retinaculum. Surgical treatment implies dissection of the flexor retinaculum which leads to fast pain alleviation and termination of neurologic deficit progression.
Objective. To evaluate effectiveness of the new surgical treatment of CTS using endoscopic and electrophysiological monitoring.
Materials and methods. Outcomes of the surgical treatment with the new combined technique were evaluated in a group of 72 patients. To assess effectiveness, VAS, frequency of complications and relapses, length of inpatient hospitalization, and temporary disability were assessed.
Results. We found a significant reduction in VAS pain score from 6 [3; 7] to 2 [1; 3] points within the first day following surgery along with improvement of the surface pain sensitivity from 3 [2; 4] to 2 [2; 3] points. No significant complications of relapses were found (N = 0). The average period of inpatient hospitalization was 16 [12; 24] hours and the temporary incapacity for work was 7 [5; 12] days.
Conclusions. The new surgical approach significantly reduces level of pain syndrome and sensory disturbances, allows to achieve sufficient decompression of the nerve with minimal risks of complications, and reduce duration of hospitalization and temporary disability.
Difficulties in diagnosing primary cerebral lymphoma (clinical case)
Authors: Volkova Larisa I. , Turova Elena L. , Golunova Alla B. , Tsoriev Andrey E.
Published: January 2025

Primary cerebral lymphomas account for about 5% of CNS neoplasms and 12% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The article presents a clinical case of multifocal brain lesion with a long-term (more than 3 years) course of the disease, similar to the demyelinating process in the MRI picture, clinically considered as multiple sclerosis, chronic encephalitis or sarcoidosis, which ended by a lethal outcome with an immunohistochemically verified primary diffuse B-large cell lymphoma of the brain. Prolonged course of the disease and the effectiveness of glucocorticosteroids suggest the presence of isolated brain lymphomatoid granulomatosis which could develop in the background of multiple sclerosis during three years prior to malignization. Cerebral biopsy could help in the earlier diagnosis of the disease, thus it should be the diagnostic procedure of choice for verifying the pathological multifocal process in diagnostically complicated cases.