bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metaanalyse
Authors: Smedslund Geir
Published: May 2016

Metaanalyse er en kvantitativ metode for å oppsummere resultatene av flere enkeltstudier. I en metaanalyse forsøker man å tallfeste behandlingseffekten, og man gir store studier større vekt enn små studier. En mye brukt metode for å vekte er invers variansmetoden. Dersom alle studiene har målt resultatene på samme måte kan resultatene brukes direkte i metaanalysen, men dersom det samme utfallet er målt på ulike måter, må man bruke standardiserte effektstørrelser hvor alle resultatene er omregnet til en felles skala. Dersom man tror at effekten av behandlingen vil være lik for alle, bortsett fra tilfeldige variasjoner, benytter man en fixed-effect modell. Tror man derimot at det vil være systematiske forskjeller i effekt når behandlingen gis i ulike kontekster, legges dette inn i en såkalt random-effects modell. Metaanalyser blir ofte fremstilt grafisk i form av forest plots. Hver linje representerer da én studie, med effektestimatet markert som et punkt, mens ytterpunktene av linjen representerer konfidensintervallet. Metaanalysen blir fremstilt som en diamant hvor bredden viser usikkerheten i estimatet. Dersom resultatene fra alle studiene trekker i samme retning er metaanalysen ”homogen”. Men dersom studiene spriker når det gjelder effektstørrelse og retning på effekt, er det ”heterogenitet”. Styrken ved metaanalyse er at den kan sammenfatte en stor mengde informasjon i ett tall. Samtidig er dette også svakheten ved metoden. Et enkelt tall kan ikke beskrive variasjonen på tvers av flere studier.Smedslund G. Meta-analysis. Nor J Epidemiol 2013; 23 (2): 147-149.ENGLISH SUMMARY Meta-analysis is a quantitative method for summarizing single studies. In a meta-analysis, one tries to quantify the treatment effect, assigning more weight to large studies than to small studies. A much used method for weighting is the inverse variance method. If all studies have measured the results in the same way, the results can be used directly in the meta-analysis, but if the same outcome is measured in different ways across different studies, one has to use a standardized effect size where results are converted to a common scale. If it is believed that the effect is consistent across various populations and settings, one can employ a fixed-effect model. If systematic differences in effect can be expected, a random-effects model is used. Meta-analyses are often depicted as forest plots. Each line represents one study where the effect estimate is marked as a point on a line, with each end of the line representing the confidence interval around it. The meta-analysis is shown as a diamond where the width illustrates the uncertainty around the estimate. If all study results point in the same direction, the meta-analysis is considered “homogeneous”. But if the studies vary in their effect size and direction, the findings are “heterogeneous”. The strength of meta-analysis is that it can be used to summarize a large body of information in one number. This is also its limitation. One number cannot describe the variation that exists across different studies.
Eating disorders, pregnancy, and the postpartum period:Findings from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)
Authors: Watson Hunna J. , Torgersen Leila , Zerwas Stephanie , Reichborn-Kjennerud Ted , Knoph Cecilie , Stoltenberg Camilla , Siega-Riz Anna Maria , Holle Ann Von , Hamer Robert M. , Meltzer Helle Margrete , Ferguson Elizabeth H. , Haugen Margaretha , Magnus Per , Kuhns Rebecca , Bulik Cynthia M.
Published: May 2016

This review summarizes studies on eating disorders in pregnancy and the postpartum period that have been conducted as part of the broader Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Prior to the 2000s, empirical literature on eating disorders in pregnancy was sparse and consisted mostly of studies in small clinical samples. MoBa has contributed to a new era of research by making population-based and largesample research possible. To date, MoBa has led to 19 eating disorder studies on diverse questions including the prevalence, course, and risk correlates of eating disorders during pregnancy and the postpartum. The associations between eating disorder exposure and pregnancy, birth and obstetric outcomes, and maternal and offspring health and well-being, have also been areas of focus. The findings indicate that eating disorders in pregnancy are relatively common and appear to confer health risks to mother and her child related to sleep, birth outcomes, maternal nutrition, and child feeding and eating.
Using the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study to determine risk factors for delayed development and neuropsychiatric
Authors: Bjørk Marte Helene , Veiby Gyri , Spigset Olav , Gilhus Nils Erik
Published: May 2016

Introduction: Antiepileptic drug (AED) teratogenicity is suspected to be the main cause of impaired development in children of women with epilepsy. However, many factors may confound the reported risks. The purpose of this review is to characterize the epilepsy cohort in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) and show how it can be used to detangle various risk factors for adverse outcome in children of mothers with epilepsy.Methods: MoBa is a large, long-term prospective, family-based cohort study. The database is linked to the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. The epilepsy cohort consists of mothers and their children representing more than 700 pregnancies. Blood samples were obtained from the mother during pregnancy and from the umbilical cord after delivery, and AED concentrations were measured. Validated screening tools determined the frequency of maternal confounding risk factors and adverse offspring outcomes. Risk estimates were reported as adjusted odds ratios with confidence intervals using the remaining MoBa cohort as a reference (n=107,597). Outcome in offspring of women with epilepsy without AED treatment in pregnancy and of fathers with epilepsy were used to separate the effect of epilepsy from the effect of in utero exposure to AEDs.Results: Socioeconomic and psychiatric risk factors for adverse offspring outcomes were more frequent in mothers with epilepsy. The frequency of adverse offspring outcome was increased at 6, 18 and 36 months for verbal, motor and social development. Children of women with epilepsy without AED treatment and of fathers with epilepsy were generally similar to children of women without epilepsy.Conclusion: Children of mothers with epilepsy are at risk of adverse outcomes. AED exposure emerges as the most important risk factor.
Thank you to the reviewers
Authors: - -
Published: May 2016

The guest editors would like to thank those listed below for constructive and insightful reviews of the manuscripts. Your expertise has contributed importantly to this special issue.
The Current Status of Korean Language Education in the United States: Class Offerings in K–16 Schools and Korean Community Schools
Authors: Choi Eunjeong
Published: May 2016

Access to learning resources and opportunities shapes the landscape of education, and thus, it is critical to regularly monitor the changes and trends in foreign language course offerings for educational research and planning. This article investigates the current course offering situation in Korean as a Foreign Language in American K–16 schools within the larger landscape of foreign language education in the United States. The analysis additionally reveals pronounced institutional and regional variations in educational opportunities for the Korean language in public schools, with course offerings concentrated in the Pacific Coast and Northeast regions. However, rapid increases in the number of schools and classes teaching Korean in recent years have led to a change in the landscape. That is, the disparity of learning availability between regions and grade levels has decreased. The analysis extends to the class offerings in Korean community schools to discover their supplementary role in providing more and sustained learning opportunities in place of K–16 education. Suggestions are discussed for collaboration between the local community and the public school systems and for standardized and consistent reporting on enrollments and course offerings of Korean across all levels and across public and community schools.
Innovation for Emerging Markets Confronting Institutional Environment Challenges: Perspectives from Visionary Leadership and Institutional Entrepreneurship
Authors: Sharmelly Rifat
Published: May 2016

Emerging markets are considered to be the largest untapped markets on earth with substantial business opportunities. However, emerging markets are characterised by weak institutional context. For entrepreneurs, how to achieve innovations in emerging markets confronting the challenge of institutional environment remains largely unexplored in the literature. This research study adopted a qualitative method using case study approach. Ten (10) top level and middle level managers were sampled, contacted and interviewed from an emerging market firm (EMF). Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. Focusing on the product innovation for India’s masses with the creation of indigenous digital telecom switches by Centre for development of Telematics (C-DoT), our analysis reveal that entrepreneurs with visionary leadership can envision emerging market prospective and thereby have greater possibility of acting as institutional entrepreneurs to avoid uncertainty for emerging market innovations. Our proposed conceptual framework can be secured as a reference point by potential entrepreneurs to innovate targeting the emerging markets, and the study also contributes significantly to the theoretical literature on emerging market innovation formulating a set of propositions to advance research in this subject.
Do Budget Deficit Crowds Out Private Investment: A Case of Tanzanian Economy
Authors: Mwigeka Samwel
Published: May 2016

The existing high budget deficit in Tanzanian economy has created an immense concern among economic policy analysts. The study inspects whether budget deficits crowd out or crowd in private investment in Tanzania, using annual data for the period from 1970 to 2012. Using the Johansen cointegration test advocates there is at least one cointegration vector among these variables. Given such condition, the application vector error correction model (VEC) became inevitable as it presents additional and superior information in relation to other data production processes. The results indicate a close long–term connection between private investment, and other variables included in the study. Results suggest that budget deficits considerably crowds out private investment. The study advocates that government should readdress its fiscal policy that would support the private investors. The government should discourage high government expenditures and maintaining a low fiscal deficit also capital market should be used to finance budget deficit.
Innovation & Performance Measurement: An Adapted Balanced Scorecard
Authors: Spano Rosanna , Sarto Fabrizia , Caldarelli Adele , Vigano Riccardo
Published: May 2016

The aim of this paper is to offer an adaptation of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) to improve performance measurement within research-intensive network. The paper employs the case study of the network Campania Bioscience to develop an innovation-oriented BSC to show the practical potential of this integrated theoretical approach to innovation, measurement, and control. The study develops specific key performance areas and indicators to enrich each of the four perspectives with the innovation elements (only implicitly considered in the original model). The paper shows the potential of the BSC to achieve a practical and effective interplay between innovation and control. The value of the paper lies in its ability to propose a new innovative-oriented BSC, capable to act as a means of dialogue and mediation in complex organizations, such as research-intensive networks.
Investigating the Path from Supply Chain Integration to Business Performance: Evidence from a Sub-Saharan African Economy
Authors: Annan Jonathan , Boso Nathaniel , Essuman Dominic
Published: May 2016

Following the growing concerns on the inconsistent findings in previous research and drawing on the social exchange and networking theories, this study re-examined the impact of supply chain integration (SCI) on business performance (i.e. value creation and financial performance). The study argues that the impact of SCI on financial performance is through value creation and is depended upon longevity of product life cycle. Using primary data from 79 firms in Ghana, the study finds that value creation is a short-run consequence of SCI while financial performance is a long-run outcome of SCI. Additionally, results show that the financial performance outcome of SCI is experienced more from integrative efforts than from the value creation outcome. Results further indicate that firms whose products stay relatively shorter on the market are more likely to experience lower positive impact of SCI on value creation, and thus firms’ ability to become proactive, monitor, and collect market information on product performance throughout its life cycle is key for coming out with strategies that will enable them maximize product’s life span so as to experience greater benefits that come with pursuing integration with other channel members.
Mergers and Acquisitions on Operational Cost Efficiency of Banks in Ghana: A Case of Ecobank and Access Bank
Authors: Yeboah Johnson , K. Asirifi Ernest
Published: May 2016

In Ghana, Mergers and Acquisition strategy has been used widely in the banking sector. It is a strategy adopted by the organizations globally to meet the needs of recent dynamic business environment. This paper empirically examines the impact of mergers and acquisitions on the operational cost efficiency of banks in Ghana with specific emphasis of two banks; Ecobank and Access Bank-Ghana. If any improvements in operating efficiency from these mergers are large relative to any adverse effects of price changes created by increases in market power, then such mergers may be in the public interest. The financial data was analyzed by the use of Ratio analysis. Models that are commonly employed by bankers and other financial institutions in Ghana to compute the overall operational efficiency was also used. In terms of operational cost efficiency, results were incoherent for the two banks which the researchers strongly attributed to some fundamental limitations. However, the study revealed that mergers and acquisitions could potentially offer financing option for banks as well as promote economic efficiency through improvements in costs.
How Important Is Customer Satisfaction? Quantitative Evidence from Mobile Telecommunication Market
Authors: Muhammad Irfan , Farid Shamsudin Mohammad , Hadi Noor Ul
Published: May 2016

To investigates the importance of customer satisfaction in Pakistani mobile telecommunication market. This study explores whether customer satisfaction affects the relationship between customer loyalty and service quality, and also between customer loyalty and perceived value. The study found the coefficient of determination (R2) for the overall model to be considerable. The role of customer satisfaction was significant in assessing the contribution of exogenous constructs to the R2 value of endogenous constructs (f2> 0.35). All exogenous constructs in the model had good predictive relevance for endogenous constructs, as Q2 value was above the threshold (0.156 for customer satisfaction, and 0.467 for customer loyalty). The q2 effect size of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty is large (q2= 0.448). VAF accounted for more than 80% of both indirect effects, indicating the importance of customer satisfaction on the relationship between service quality and customer loyalty, and between perceived value and customer loyalty.
Knowledge Management Processes and Their Impact on Organizational Performance, the Adoption Balanced Scorecard: The Moderating Role of Quality Assurance Standards—An Applied Study on Private Jordanian Universities
Authors: Al-Hayaly Mohammad Abdulsalam M. S. , Alnajjar Fayez Jomah S.
Published: May 2016

The study aims to identify the knowledge management processes and their impact on the organizational performance in the Jordanian private universities, the impact of knowledge management on organizational performance was tested next. Finally, the quality assurance standard as a moderating variable was studied.

The study was conducted on Jordanian private universities with a stratified proportionate random sample consisted of (334) faculty members. Questionnaires were distributed to the sample to collect the primary data needed to achieve the study goals.

The results of testing hypothesis showed significant impact of knowledge management processes on the organizational performance, and showed significant impact of the quality assurance standards on improving the impact of knowledge management on the organizational performance, where the coefficient of determination increased from (72.7%) to (81.2%) when studying the impact of combined knowledge management processes on the organizational performance.

The study recommended the followings:

-Universities should seek to establish a formal specialize department to test creative ideas, and then create working groups within universities, and create an incentive system for creative achievements, in order to support the process of knowledge discovery.

-Universities should strive to acquire, develop, and distribute knowledge through the help of international expertise to encourage academic activities that increase the level of knowledge sharing.

-Universities should follow the scientific and practical quality assurance standards because they represent leading indicators of success toward outstanding performance.
Knowledge Creation, Innovation and Financial Performance of Firms: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thang V. , Phan Anh T. T. , Nguyen Mai T. T.
Published: May 2016

Drawing on the knowledge-based perspective and Nonaka’s theory of knowledge creation, this study proposes a model linking firms’ knowledge creation, innovation, and financial performance. The model is tested in a sample of 529 Vietnamese firms. The results show that firms’ knowledge creation has significant impacts on three out of four types of innovation, including product innovation, organizational innovation, and marketing innovation.  Product innovation is also found to contribute significantly to the firm’s financial performance. The results improve our understanding of innovation at the firm level under institutional uncertainty and resource-deficiency and provide some important implications for managers and policy makers. 
Decision-making Behaviours toward Online Shopping
Authors: Wei Liying
Published: May 2016

The development of online shopping services is stimulated by both retailers and consumers, and understanding the decision-making behaviours of consumers becomes one of the crucial issues for retailers. Decision-making process, which refers to brand choice and price sensitivity, is unique in online purchase. Several motivation factors, such as situational factors, characteristics of products as well as the experience of previous e-shopping can influence consumers’ attitudes to shop online. Moreover, available decision support systems can help people to make wise decisions among overwhelming information. A successful online retailer—ASOS is chosen as an example of how consumers’ decision making can be supported through the online arena. As a suggestion, trust building and maintaining, brand loyalty building as well as recommendation agent are key points of online retailers’ development in future. Furthermore, introduction of customer design system is the key contribution of this paper and detailed illustration of that is stated in suggestions and conclusion.
Brand Awareness and Brand Preference for Carbonated Soft Drinks: Evidence from Cadbury Schweppes Ethiopia Research Evidence from Life Experience
Authors: Wolde Tesfaye
Published: May 2016

When Schweppes entered the Ethiopian soft drink market viable competitors were Pepsi and Coca Cola. However, its entry into the soft drink market was largely meant to realize its potential to serve a large chunk of the Ethiopian soft drink flavor market which was under-served by the two giants. Whether this market niche provided sustained and superior returns was dependent on the business environment. It was in this environment that Schweppes had carried out a series of promotional campaigns to increase the sale of its wide range products in the market. The research on the effectiveness of the promotional campaign showed that quite significant number of potential consumers was exposed to the brand advertisement. The research result also indicated the awareness rate as measured by the frequency of exposure to the media within a short span of time. The analysis highlighted the rate of brand recall, brand trial and favorite brand usage. The method used in this sample testing survey sampling 2171 consumers made no pretense of being exhaustive. Commercial recall testing was carried out in different outlets by interviewing a random sample of consumers using a standard questionnaire. Consumers were sampled from groceries, hotels, restaurants, supermarkets, clubs, crowded streets and Mercato depot area. The survey was carried out in 2000. The author developed this research in his capacity as marketing development manager for Schweppes-Summit International.
A Model of Strategic Marketing Decision Premises
Authors: Osuagwu Linus
Published: May 2016

The paper utilized some relevant empirical and conceptual works in extant literature to sketch a model of the relations among marketing environment, strategic marketing decisions and effectiveness. The paper reveals that some forms of supports exist in extant literature regarding the impacts of marketing environment on strategic marketing decisions and effectiveness, and impacts of strategic marketing decisions on strategic marketing effectiveness. However, relevant extant literature seems to have ignored the impacts of strategic marketing decisions on marketing environment. Also, relevant extant literature contains some gaps regarding the impacts of strategic marketing effectiveness on marketing environment and strategic marketing decisions. The paper concludes that these important relationships in strategic marketing decisions, omitted in extant literature, should be incorporated for a more comprehensive understanding of the relevant issues in strategic management decisions. The paper proposes an empirical research agenda to test the model in some business functions, sectors, cultures, contexts or premises.
The Impact of Regulation on a Firm’s Incentives to Invest in Emergent Smart Grid Technologies
Authors: Costa Paulo Moisés , Bento Nuno , Marques Vítor
Published: May 2016

This paper analyzes the implementation of new technologies in network industries through the development of a suitable regulatory scheme. The analysis focuses on Smart Grid (SG) technologies which, among others benefits, could save operational costs and reduce the need for further conventional investments in the grid. In spite of the benefits that may result from their implementation, the adoption of SGs by network operators can be hampered by the uncertainties surrounding actual performances. A decision model has been developed to assess the firms’ incentives to invest in “smart” technologies under different regulatory schemes. The model also enables testing the impact of uncertainties on the reduction of operational costs, and of conventional investments. Under certain circumstances, it may be justified to support the development and early deployment of emerging innovations that have a high potential to ameliorate the efficiency of the electricity system, but whose adoption faces many uncertainties.
De punitieve handhaving van het omgevingsrecht
Authors: Gritter E.
Published: May 2016

De punitieve handhaving van het omgevingsrecht

Ter inleiding op de special rondom de punitieve handhaving van de nieuw te vormen Omgevingswet plaatst het redactioneel dit actuele vraagstuk kort tegen de achtergrond van eerdere ontwikkelingen op het terrein van de handhaving van het ordeningsrecht.
Bestuurlijke boete of bestuurlijke strafbeschikking?
Authors: Kocken B.M.
Published: May 2016

Stelling 2: Bestuurlijke boete of bestuurlijke strafbeschikking? Als gekozen wordt voor de bestuurlijke strafbeschikking, dan moet de behandeling van het verzet kunnen worden toevertrouwd aan het bestuursorgaan.

In opdracht van het Ministerie van Infrastructuur en Milieu is door de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen onderzoek verricht naar mogelijke sanctiestelsels voor de Omgevingswet. In het eindrapport De punitieve handhaving van de Omgevingswet gaan de opstellers in op de vraag: moet de bestuurlijke boete brede toepassing in het omgevingsrecht krijgen, of dient te worden gekozen voor verruiming en vernieuwing van de bestuurlijke strafbeschikking? Voorgesteld wordt onder meer de behandeling van het verzet onder omstandigheden toe te vertrouwen aan het bestuursorgaan. In deze bijdrage wordt stilgestaan bij de vraag of dit voorstel in de Omgevingswet zou moeten worden overgenomen. Tevens wordt ingegaan op de sancties in het huidige omgevingsrecht en op de vraag: bestuurlijke boete of bestuurlijke strafbeschikking?
De sanctionering van wildlife crime
Authors: van den Noort H.J.
Published: May 2016

De sanctionering van wildlife crime

De illegale handel in wilde dieren en planten is uitgegroeid tot een van de meest winstgevende vormen van georganiseerde criminaliteit. In februari 2016 heeft de Europese Commissie een EU-actieplan tegen de illegale handel in wilde dieren en planten gepresenteerd. Een van de prioriteiten van het EU-actieplan is om bestaande regels toe te passen. Dit artikel beschrijft de in Nederland geldende regels met betrekking tot de illegale handel in wilde dieren en planten.
Bestuurlijke boetes in de socialezekerheidswetgeving
Authors: Duker M.J.A.
Published: May 2016

Bestuurlijke boetes in de socialezekerheidswetgeving: achtergrond en stand van zaken

De laatste jaren is er veel gebeurd op het terrein van de bestuurlijke handhaving van socialezekerheidswetgeving. Op 1 januari 2013 trad met de ‘Fraudewet’ en het nieuwe Boetebesluit socialezekerheidswetten een betrekkelijk hard boetestelsel in werking. Na een kritische uitspraak hierover van de Centrale Raad van Beroep adviseerde de Raad van State de regering in 2015 zich te bezinnen op de mate van rechtsbescherming bij bestuurlijke beboeting. Een voorstel tot wetswijziging om meer differentiatie aan te brengen in het bestuursrechtelijke boetestelsel is sinds januari 2016 aanhangig, maar van een herbezinning lijkt nog geen sprake.
Dimensões que impactam a satisfação do usuário de sistema de informação acadêmica: Estudo com emprego de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais com base em Mínimos Quadrados Parciais
Authors: Duarte André Luís Faria , Vieira Paulo Roberto da Costa , Silva Antonio Carlos Magalhães da
Published: May 2016

A presente pesquisa foi realizada em uma universidade privada localizada na região da Baixada Fluminense, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, com o objetivo de verificar se as dimensões “qualidade do sistema”, “qualidade da informação”, “qualidade do serviço” e “utilidade percebida” do sistema de informação acadêmica (SAI) exercem impacto positivo na satisfação do usuário. Essas dimensões foram definidas a partir de modelo encontrado na literatura. Para tanto, foi conduzida pesquisa com abordagem quantitativa com utilização de questionário estruturado, sendo os dados tratados com a técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais (MEE), utilizando mínimos quadrados parciais (MQP). Como resultado, as hipóteses do estudo foram confirmadas, ou seja, as dimensões “qualidade do sistema”, “qualidade da informação”, “qualidade do serviço” e “utilidade percebida” exercem impacto positivo na satisfação do usuário do sistema de informação acadêmica (SIA).
Aplicação do método de varredura na roteirização de frota em uma empresa de transporte e distribuição de cargas fracionadas
Authors: Souza Anderson Willian , Amaral Daniel Barzan de Matos , Oi Ricardo Kenji , Carneiro João Batista , Fontebasso Neto José
Published: May 2016

A crescente atividade do e-commerce, como está associada com a eficiência operacional da logística de cargas fracionadas, uma vez que a confiabilidade na entrega de produtos é um dos fatores decisivos no momento da aquisição pelos consumidores. Assim, o transporte e a distribuição dos produtos devem atender o cliente de maneira rápida, consistente e com baixos custos, o que implica na necessidade da escolha do melhor roteiro possível. O presente trabalho desenvolveu uma ferramenta de roteirização de frota por meio da aplicação da técnica de varredura com o auxílio do software ArcGIS®, em uma empresa de transporte e distribuição de cargas fracionadas, que atualmente utiliza um método empírico baseado na experiência adquirida no dia-a-dia de suas operações ao longo dos anos. A falta de uma metodologia vem trazendo grandes prejuízos à organização, devido à ineficiência das rotas. Como resultado, o modelo proposto reduziu em 25,8% os custos e em 18,3% o percurso.
Os sistemas de gestão da produção e a necessidade de adequação aos modelos ERP
Authors: Cordeiro José Carlos , Machado da Silva Fabio Nazareno , Assumpção Maria Rita , Silva Silvana Mendes da
Published: May 2016

As organizações enfrentam ambientes de alta competitividade e busca constante por satisfazer necessidades dos clientes, sem esquecer as próprias necessidades. Nesse contexto, sistemas de Gestão da Produção têm papel fundamental de apoio para atendimento às estratégias de negócio. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar como os sistemas produtivos são impactados em seus processos em função da necessidade de enquadrar-se aos sistemas ERP e manter seu nível de serviço. Esses elementos foram identificados a partir da literatura e observados em um estudo de caso. As teorias relacionadas à pesquisa são referentes a sistemas ERP, tipos de ambiente de produção – Make to order (MTO) e/ou Make to Stock (MTS) – e critérios competitivos para entrada de pedidos. O resultado demonstrou que empresas que possuem em seus processos atendimento do tipo MTO, é maior a necessidade de fazer customizações em função do risco de perda de competitividade do que em empresas do tipo MTS.
A influência da gestão da diversidade na produtividade em organizações do ramo da construção civil
Authors: Medeiros da Silva Pablo Marlon , Da Rocha Neto Manoel Pereira , Pinto Brito Lydia Maria , Da Silva Barreto Laís Karla , Gurgel Fernanda Fernandes
Published: May 2016

Esse artigo tem como objetivo investigar a gestão da diversidade em organizações da construção civil na cidade de Mossoró (RN). Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando o instrumento de coleta de dados composto por dois roteiros de entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicada a seis gerentes de RH e doze profissionais da área operacional em seis organizações da construção civil, sendo submetida à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostraram que a presença de diversidades étnico-raciais, religiosas, de gênero, pessoas mais jovens e relacionadas também à experiência profissional, escolaridade, e profissionais contratados de outras localidades estavam no quadro funcional de todas as organizações pesquisadas. A diversidade trouxe efeitos positivos, como o aprendizado, a criatividade, o compartilhamento de experiências e a inovação, mas também revelou seus desafios, como conflitos referentes à idade, orientação sexual, religião, experiência profissional, gênero e origem geográfica; desrespeito, isolamento, resistência à mudança, absenteísmo e insatisfação.
Effects of augmented tenotomy and reattachment in the infantile nystagmus syndrome
Authors: Dell'Osso Louis F. , Orge Faruk H. , Jacobs Jonathan B.
Published: May 2016

PurposeTo test the hypothesis that augmented tenotomy and reattachment surgery (AT-R), which involves placing an additional suture in each distal tendon during the 4-muscle tenotomy and reattachment (T-R) or other infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) procedures, could increase the beneficial effects of many types of extraocular muscle (EOM) surgery to treat INS.

MethodsBoth infrared reflection and high-speed digital video systems were used to record the eye movements in 4 patients with INS before and after AT-R surgery. Data were analyzed using the eXpanded Nystagmus Acuity Function (NAFX) that is part of the OMtools software.

ResultsPlacement of the augmentation suture did not interfere with Kestenbaum, Anderson, bilateral medial rectus muscle recession, or T-R surgeries. The therapeutic effects of AT-R were similar to but not equal to those from the traditional single-suture surgeries (ie, broadening longest foveation domain [LFD] but no improvement of NAFX peak). The average of the NAFX percent improvements after AT-R was within 31% of those estimated from NAFX values before T-R; the average of the percent broadenings of the LFD values after AT-R was within 16%.

ConclusionsThe AT-R does not improve the foveation quality in INS above the traditional T-R surgery. It is not improved by an additional suture; indeed, some improvements may be diminished by the added suture. The hypothesized augmented-tendon suture technique (sans tenotomy) has been modified and remains to be tested.
In-the-bag decentration of an intraocular lens in a patient with a tendency to hypertrophic scarring
Authors: Joshi Rajesh Subhash
Published: May 2016

We report a case of rapid anterior lens capsular contraction leading to decentration of a hydrophilic acrylic lens with stiff haptics (Rayner design). To our knowledge, this is the first report to investigate early capsular contraction with folding of the haptic over the optic in a patient with a tendency toward hypertrophic scar formation.
A 27-year-old man with traumatic partial dislocation of an intraocular lens
Authors: Miller Cory , Dolezal Luke , Montezuma Sandra R.
Published: May 2016

A 27-year-old man presented to the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Minnesota, in March 2011 complaining of redness, soreness, blurry vision and an irregular pupil in the right eye immediately following trauma with a hand to the right eye. His past ocular history was significant for congenital cataracts. In August 2007, he had a 19 D intraocular lens (IOL; CZ70BD; Alcon, Hünenberg, Switzerland) sutured into the ciliary sulcus of the right eye under endoscopic guidance. A 20.5 D IOL (CZ70BD; Alcon) was sutured in the sulcus of the left eye in June 2007.
Transfert de connaissances issues de la recherche en éducation : situation globale, défis et perspectives
Authors: Marion Caroline , Houlfort Nathalie
Published: May 2016

Le transfert des connaissances issues de la recherche s’impose comme un champ d’investigation incontournable dans plusieurs domaines. Tant en santé, en sciences sociales, humaines et appliquées qu’en éducation ou en gestion, des recherches visent à réduire le fossé entre les connaissances produites et ce qui est observé dans la pratique. Découlant d’une recension des écrits publiés entre 2007 et 2013, le présent article propose de situer le transfert des connaissances en éducation au regard de ce qui se passe globalement dans les autres domaines. Il en aborde les distinctions ainsi que les défis et les perspectives.
Fabrication of photonic crystal structures by tertiary-butyl arsine-based metal–organic vapor-phase epitaxy for photonic crystal lasers
Authors: Yoshida Masahiro , Kawasaki Masato , De Zoysa Menaka , Ishizaki Kenji , Hatsuda Ranko , Noda Susumu
Published: May 2016

The fabrication of air/semiconductor two-dimensional photonic crystal structures by air-hole-retained crystal regrowth using tertiary-butyl arsine-based metal–organic vapor-phase epitaxy for GaAs-based photonic crystal lasers is investigated. Photonic crystal air holes with filling factors of 10–13%, depths of ∼280 nm, and widths of 120–150 nm are successfully embedded. The embedded air holes exhibit characteristic shapes due to the anisotropy of crystal growth. Furthermore, a low lasing threshold of ∼0.5 kA/cm2 is achieved with the fabricated structures.
Ultrathin glass filter fabricated by femtosecond laser processing for high-throughput microparticle filtering
Authors: Yalikun Yaxiaer , Tanaka Nobuyuki , Hosokawa Yoichiroh , Iino Takanori , Tanaka Yo
Published: May 2016

In this study, we developed a method of fabricating totally glass-based filters having micrometer-scale through holes for high-throughput filtration using a femtosecond laser. Filtration using a membrane-type filter is an indispensable technique for biological, chemical, and physical analysis fields. A larger flow rate or stronger driving pressure will result in a faster filtration. However, conventional high-throughput filtering methods often use a relatively slow flow rate or low pressure owing to the fracture toughness of the filter material. In this study, we introduce a customizable 4-µm-thick glass filter that could be used for high-throughput microparticle filtering at a flow velocity of 4 m/s.
Numerical simulation of piezoelectric effect under ultrasound irradiation with consideration of conductivity
Authors: Hosokawa Atsushi
Published: May 2016

Using a piezoelectric finite-difference time-domain (PE-FDTD) method, numerical simulation of the piezoelectric effect under ultrasound irradiation was performed considering conductivity. From the simulated results, it was shown that the ultrasound amplitude in piezoelectric ceramics decreased owing to piezoelectricity with the increase in conductivity. The simulated ultrasound waveform at a low conductivity agreed with the experimental waveform. The electric field induced in the ceramics decreased with conductivity, and the electric field at a high conductivity decreased with time, which represented piezoelectric relaxation. Moreover, the effect of conductivity on piezoelectricity in human cortical bone was investigated.
Oxidative Cycloaddition of Aldoximes with Maleimides using Catalytic Hydroxy(aryl)iodonium Species
Authors: Yoshimura Akira , Nguyen Khiem C. , Rohde Gregory T. , Saito Akio , Yusubov Mekhman S. , Zhdankin Viktor V.
Published: May 2016

A mild catalytic procedure for the efficient oxidative cyclization of aldoximes with maleimides mediated by hypervalent iodine(III) active species has been developed. This catalytic cyclization affords the corresponding pyrrolo‐isoxazole products in generally good yields. The catalytic cycle involves active hydroxy(aryl)iodonium species generated in situ from 2‐iodobenzoic acid as precatalyst and m‐chloroperoxybenzoic acid (m‐CPBA) as terminal oxidant in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. The presence of active hydroxy(aryl)iodonium species in this reaction has been confirmed by ESI‐mass spectrometry and 1H NMR spectroscopy.

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Ivabradine HCL‐Loaded Polymeric Microspheres Consisting of Ethyl Cellulose and Eudragit FS30D for Controlled Drug Release
Authors: Majeed Abdul , Ranjha Nazar Muhammad
Published: May 2016

In this study, microspheres of Eudragit FS30D and ethyl cellulose (EC) were prepared by oil‐in‐oil (O/O) solvent evaporation method with the addition of 1% span 80 as emulsifier. Ivabradine HCl (IBH) was encapsulated into microspheres by the in situ method. The resultant microspheres were characterized with respect to drug loading, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and release behavior. Chemical stability of IBH encapsulated into prepared microspheres was confirmed by FTIR, DSC, and XRD analysis. SEM images showed spherical microspheres. Maximum percentage entrapment efficiency of ivabradine was found to be 45.1% and percentage yield was about 71.66%. Maximum in vitro drug release was 95.9% for the pH 7.5 buffer solution which demonstrated the pH sensitivity of microspheres. Cumulative drug release data were analyzed using different kinetic models. Korsmeyer–Peppas equation was used to determine the value of n which follows non‐Fickian diffusion.
Gender and duration of disease differentiate responses to rituximab–dexamethasone therapy in adults with immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Chapin John , Lee Christina S. , Zhang Haiyu , Zehnder James L. , Bussel James B.
Published: May 2016

Adults often develop chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) for which treatment order is uncertain. Rituximab and three cycles of dexamethasone (4R + 3Dex) improve treatment responses and short‐term disease control but long‐term outcome is not known. In adults with ITP treated with 4R + 3D, we sought long‐term outcome and associated prognostic variables. Forty‐nine adults treated at Weill‐Cornell received 4R + 3Dex. Their clinical characteristics were reviewed. Duration was median time to treatment failure; Kaplan‐Meier estimates were developed. Vbeta Tcell receptor (VBTCR) repertoire was obtained after treatment in 36 patients. Patients were adults with ITP 18–64 years old, median age 37. The 27 females were twice as likely to have an ongoing response to 4R + 3Dex (44.1%) as males (19.6%; P = 0.009). For ITP duration <12 months, 52.7% of patients had continuing responses to 4R + 3Dex compared to 15.3% of patients with diagnosis >12 months (P = 0.02). Females with ITP duration of <12 months had continuing responses in 78.6%, compared to males with <12 months duration of ITP (21.2%). For patients with disease duration <12 months, 67% of females had continuing responses, compared to 31% of males (P = 0.004). Post‐treatment polyclonal VBTCR was seen in 9/10 continuing responders (six female, three male) but only 13/26 relapsers/nonresponders (P = 0.068). Durable remissions after treatment with 4R + 3Dex were more frequent in female patients with <12 months of ITP duration and those with polyclonal VBTCR after treatment, emphasizing the roles of duration of disease, gender and T cells in chronic ITP. Differences in pathophysiology of ITP by gender and by duration of ITP require further study. Am. J. Hematol. 91:907–911, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of Optically Active Polystyrene Catalyzed by Monophosphine Pd Complexes
Authors: Jouffroy Matthieu , Armspach Dominique , Matt Dominique , Osakada Kohtaro , Takeuchi Daisuke
Published: May 2016

Cationic PdII monophosphine complexes derived from α‐ and β‐cyclodextrins (CDs) promote the homopolymerization of styrene under carbon monoxide pressure. Although reversible CO coordination takes place under catalytic conditions according to 13C NMR studies with 13C‐enriched CO, both complexes catalyze the formation of CO‐free styrene polymers. These macromolecules display optical activity as a result of the presence of stereoregular sequences within the overall atactic polymer.
Charged groups synergically enhance protein imprinting in amphoteric polyacrylamide cryogels
Authors: Yang Chun , Zhou Xing‐Lu , Liu Ya‐Ru , Wang Jian , Tian Li‐Li , Zhang Yan , Hu Xia‐Ya
Published: May 2016

Proteins are amphoteric biopolymers with unevenly charged exterior surfaces. Taking this point fully into account could accomplish ingenious recognition systems for the biological macromolecues. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are good tools to study the interactions between polymeric matrices and template molecules. Here different protein imprinted cryogels were prepared. Imprinting factors (IFs) were determined with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the template. The IF of the polymeric cryogel made from only acrylamide (AM) and N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (BisAM) is about 1.38. The introduction of charged monomers, either acrylic acid or diallylamine, would increase IFs obviously. One of the basic cryogels gave the maximum IF (about 2.0) of that type. As both acrylic acid and diallylamine were involved, IFs were further increased. An amphoteric cryogel with a suitable acid‐base ratio gave a high IF of about 3.7. Whatever used alone or both, too many added acidic or basic monomers resulted in IF reduction. Taking full advantage of charged groups in MIPs could be a good way to manipulate protein–polymer interactions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43851.
The Quadratojugal of Eryops studied by computed tomography and the morphological variability of foramina and canals in the quadratojugal of basal tetrapods
Authors: Čerňanský Andrej , Witzmann Florian , Klembara Jozef , van Heteren Anneke H.
Published: May 2016

With respect to its large size and abundance, Eryops is an important representative of Permo‐Carboniferous basal tetrapods and one of the best‐known large temnospondyl amphibians of this period. This taxon forms a significant component of the Early Permian tetrapod fauna of Texas and New Mexico and here we describe a new record of skull remains, the first one from Brushy Creek (30 km northeast of Seymour) in Texas (Petrolia Formation, Wichita Group; Lower Permian – lower Artinskian). Our material, found in 2015, consists of a left nasal, a jaw fragment (premaxilla or maxilla), left quadratojugal fragments, and a partial left mandible. We used computed tomography methods (micro‐CT) for imaging both internal and external structures, for the first time, for Eryops. The quadratojugal presented here is exceptional compared to all known basal tetrapods in having four different internal foramina. CT data show that these foramina are interconnected by canals within the bone. This indicates that the morphology of the foramina and the course of the canals in the quadratojugal of basal tetrapods are more variable than hitherto thought. Anat Rec, 299:1073–1079, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
DNA Triplexes‐Guided Assembly of G‐Quadruplexes for Constructing Label‐free Fluorescent Logic Gates
Authors: Xu Lijun , Hong Shanni , Shen Xiaoqiang , Zhou Lu , Wang Jine , Zhang Jianye , Pei Renjun
Published: May 2016

Assembly of G‐quadruplexes guided by DNA triplexes in a controlled manner is achieved for the first time. The folding of triplex sequences in acidic conditions brings two separated guanine‐rich sequences together and subsequently a G‐quadruplex structure is formed in the presence of K+. Based on this novel platform, label‐free fluorescent logic gates, such as AND, INHIBIT, and NOR, are constructed with ions as input and the fluorescence of a G‐quadruplex‐specific fluorescent probe NMM as output.
Allocating active redundancies to k‐out‐of‐n reliability systems with permutation monotone component lifetimes
Authors: You Yinping , Fang Rui , Li Xiaohu
Published: May 2016

This paper studies k‐out‐of‐n redundant systems with component lifetimes having lower tail permutation decreasing probability density. For matched redundancies with stochastic arrangement increasing lifetimes, the allocation of a more reliable component to a weaker component is proved to enhance system reliability. For redundancies with independent and identically distributed lifetimes, more allocations to a weaker component are shown to stochastically increase the system lifetime. In addition, using a real data set, we illustrate the statistical aspects of developing lifetimes with lower tail permutation decreasing density. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.