bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTIVENESS OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL ON MATERIAL FLAT SIDE GEOMETRY OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING OUTCOMES OF CLASS VIII MTS AN-NUR PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Nuvus Monica Jahratun , Salamanya Karlinah , Syahran Syahrianah
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of problem-based learning model on ??the material of flat side geometry on the learning outcomes of Class VIII students of MTs An-Nur Palangka Raya.This type of research is quantitative with quasi-experimental methods and one-group pre-test-post-test research design. The population in this study were all students of class VIII MTs An-Nur Palangka Raya of 77 people. From this population, random cluster sampling was chosen. Therefore 26 students of Class VIII-C were selected as the experimental class. The instruments of the data collection in this study were pre-test and post-test. The hypothesis of this study was tested using one-sample t-test. The results of the study indicate an average pretest ( )  of 23.61 and an average posttest ( )  of 46.30 and the average difference ( )   is 22.69. Before analyzing the data, the normality of  data is tested first. The normality test indicates = 2.168 and = 9,488. Because  <  and   follows the normal distribution. The results of the t test show the value of tcount = 1.92 and ttable = 1.708 at degrees of freedom (db) = n - 1 = 25 and the error level ? = 5% is obtained. Because tcount > ttable, then H0 is rejected and  is accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that the PBL model is effective in improving students’ learning outcomes in the material of flat side geometry in class VIII MTs An-Nur Palangka Raya.
The Effect of Media Composition on the Growth of Earthworms (Lumbricus Terrestris) to Support the Learning Process on Annelida Material in Class X Semester I SMA
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana , Savitri Shanty , Araina Elga
Published: January 2022

The study was conducted to determine the growth of earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) using artificial media and the use of research results to support the learning process on the concept of invertebrate growth as a support for the learning process on annelid material in class X semester I SMA. This research was conducted at the Biology Education Laboratory of Palangka Raya University from June to July 2018. This study used a completely randomized design with 3 types of treatment and 6 replications. The material used was 72 earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) with an average biomass and body length. Organic material as a living medium, namely P0 control / soil without a mixture of manure, P1 soil 2 Kg + 2 Kg cow manure, P2 Soil 2 Kg + 2 Kg goat manure, P3 soil 2 Kg + 2 Kg chicken manure. The parameters measured were the length and biomass of earthworms for 7 days after the worms were introduced into the media (at the beginning and end of the study). Supporting parameters measured are soil pH, soil temperature and humidity. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by LSD (Least Significant Difference) at the 5% level. The results showed the highest increase in length and biomass of earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) in treatment (P3) (chicken manure). The results of the research can be used to support the learning process in the form of Student Worksheets (LKS) in class X SMA.
Electronic Pocket Book of Algebra Concepts for Basic Chemistry Learning Stoichiometry Focus Subject
Authors: Setiawan Topan , Sriwahyuni Elsa
Published: January 2022

Mathematical abilities are very important in building students' abilities in all aspects. Mathematical abilities are needed not only as numeracy skills but the ability to use mathematical logic in solving problems. Mathematical concepts are needed even for other scientific fields. This algebra concept electronic pocket book was created to help students during basic chemistry learning. The focus of the material chosen in basic chemistry learning is stoichiometry that applies algebraic concepts. This pocket book is useful for streamlining basic chemistry learning, especially on stoichiometry materials that use algebraic concepts in their operations. This algebra concept electronic pocket book has been tested on stoichiometric material. This book was tested on first semester students for basic chemistry courses.The test results on the first semester students showed a significance value of less than 0.05, which indicates that there was a difference in the average between group A and group B
Patterns Of Relationships Between Verbal Memory, Language, And Verbal Intelligence In Preschoolers
Authors: Taruna Rexsy
Published: January 2022

Background: This study aims to identify whether language can be the mediator of the relation between verbal memory and verbal intelligence

Methods: The participants that involved in this study are 51 preschool-age children in Pekanbaru, consisting of males (n=24) and females (n=27), ages four to six years. Cluster sampling technique was used to collect the sample. The abilities of verbal memory, language and verbal intelligence were assessed towards each participant individually. Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Test of Auditory Processing Skill 3 and Developmental Profile 3 were assigned as the instrument of the test conducted in this study. Data analysis in this study uses mediator analysis.

Results: This study found a positive correlation between verbal memory and verbal intelligence (r = 0.53; p<.05), language and verbal intelligence (r = 0.71; p<.05), language and verbal memory (r = 0.64; p<.05).

Conclusion: According to the result of the analysis, it is evident that language can be the mediator of the relation between verbal memory and verbal intelligence.
The Exploration Of Coping Skills In Bonjok Lor Village In Leisure Activities In The Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Madysari Dzafira Indarsyah , Wahyuni Endang Sri
Published: January 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused social disturbances that have an impact on physical activity in the elderly, especially in doing leisure time, so that appropriate coping skills are needed to overcome various disorders in recreational activities so that the elderly do not have an impact on psychological disorders. The purpose of this study was to analyze recreational activities carried out as well as strategies for the elderly's coping skills in carrying out recreational activities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological perspective. Methods of in-depth interviews and documentation. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 8 elderly informants in Bonjok Lor Village, Bonorowo District, Kebumen Regency who have met the criteria (able to communicate well; elderly who are not actively working/retired; helping research informants). The data analysis technique used method triangulation and theoretical triangulation.

Results: There was a change in the leisure of the elderly between before and before the COVID-19 pandemic. This triggers a change in the goals of the elderly in doing recreational activities. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic poses various problems for the elderly, such as psychological problems, health problems, disturbances in carrying out activities, and compliance with health protocols. Appropriate coping skills strategies are needed, such as; task-oriented coping, emotion-oriented coping, avoidance-oriented coping with the aim that the elderly can still carry out recreational activities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion: Changes in recreational activities and the goals of the elderly in doing recreation during the COVID-19 pandemic trigger various problems, therefore skills are needed to overcome the right strategies so that the elderly can benefit from doing recreational activities during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Pelatihan Terapi Relaksasi Hypnobirthing Untuk Tenaga Kesehatan Dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Pelayanan Kesehatan Ibu Dan
Authors: Sari Lutfiana Puspita , Mulati Triwik Sri
Published: January 2022

Background: labor pain is a real problem for maternity mothers, as many as 90% of women experience pain during childbirth. Mothers who are about to give birth expect to be able to give birth with a sense of comfort, but in reality many health workers, especially midwives, do not understand how to accompany mothers in labor and teach the correct relaxation techniques to reduce labor pain. The hypnobirthing relaxation technique is a natural pain reduction program by utilizing the subconscious mind to believe that childbirth is a natural, comfortable, and normal process that pregnant women can learn during their pregnancy. Methods: Method this study is used relaxation hypnobirthing intervention. The sample of  this study were all midwives in the South Klaten Public Health Center area. The researcher demonstrated hypnobirthing relaxation and then the respondents practiced it in pairs. Results: the average value of the knowledge of the midwives before the training on hypnobirthing relaxation was only 50, after the training the knowledge increased by 90. Hypnobirthing relaxation  training can increase knowledge and skills of midwives to in assisting pregnant women during their pregnancy and lead pregnant women to a comfortable, smooth, natural, and normal labor.

Conclusion: Hypnobirthing relaxation training for midwives can increase their knowledge in assisting mothers in childbirth so that they can relax in the face of childbirth.
Upaya Pencegahan Serangan Panik Saat Pandemi Covid 19 Melalui Anxiety First Aid (AFA), Dan Edukasi
Authors: Sari Febriana Sartika , Safitri Wahyuningsih , Kanita Maria Wisnu , Batubara Intan Maharani S.
Published: January 2022

Background: The pandemic of COVID 19 has impact on many field include mental health. People experience fear, anxiety, and even panic attacks. Anxiety will cause many negative effects. Handling anxiety quickly can be done by providing Anxiety First Aid . The purpose of the research is to increase the citizen level of knowledge and skill about Anxiety First Aid  and adaptive coping in COVID 19 pandemic. Methods: Activities carried out by three main activities such as screening of panic incident, providing Anxiety First Aid  (AFA) training, and education about adaptive coping. Respondents involved were 21 residents of Bonoroto Plesungan Karanganyar Central Java. Results: There is a resident who has panic incident history. The knowledge and skill of residents increase after giving training and education. The pre-test showed that the majority of the respondents had bad knowledge (90,47% or 19 respondents) and bad skill (100% or 21 respondents). The post-test showed that the majority of the respondents had good knowledge (86% or 18 respondents) and good skill (86% or 18 respondents). Conclusion: Adaptive coping and Anxiety First Aid  are highly recommended to prevent panic attacks during COVID 19 pandemic.
Applying Set Membership Strategy in State of Charge Estimation for Lithium-ion Battery
Authors: Jianhong Wang , Ramirez-Mendoza Ricardo A.
Published: January 2022

As state of charge is one important variable to monitor the later battery management system, and as traditional Kalman filter can be used to estimate the state of charge for Lithium-ion battery on basis of probability distribution on external noise. To relax this strict assumption on external noise, set membership strategy is proposed to achieve our goal in case of unknown but bounded noise. External noise with unknown but bounded is more realistic than white noise. After equivalent circuit model is used to describe the Lithium-ion battery charging and discharging properties, one state space equation is constructed to regard state of charge as its state variable. Based on state space model about state of charge, two kinds of set membership strategies are put forth to achieve the state estimation, which corresponds to state of charge estimation. Due to external noise is bounded, i.e. external noise is in a set, we construct interval and ellipsoid estimation for state estimation respectively in case of external noise is assumed in an interval or ellipsoid. Then midpoint of interval or center of the ellipsoid are chosen as the final value for state of charge estimation. Finally, one simulation example confirms our theoretical results.
Doklady fotografické činnosti Františka Řehoře ve sbírkách Národního muzea
Authors: Záveská Daniela , Medřická Helena
Published: January 2022

This text examines the photography collection of František Řehoř, created in the last quarter of the 19th century. The archives consisting of photographs and negatives are just one of the many components of the extensive research and collection activities carried out by the researcher. The collection constitutes a valuable insight into the everyday life of the inhabitants of rural settlements in eastern Galicia. The informative value of the collection is greatly enhanced by the detailed descriptions with which the author has accompanied his photographs.
Fotogrammetrie jako optimální technika pro 3D digitalizaci v muzejních institucích
Authors: Frank Jiří , Kortan Josef , Kukrál Miroslav , Leischner Vojtěch , Menšík Lukáš , Safko Paul , Sedláček David , Stanková Eleonóra
Published: January 2022

One of the challenges that museums often face is how to present their ‚treasures‘ in a form that is both comprehensive and relevant to today‘s audiences. Digital content alone is not enough in this context and 3D content is increasingly gaining importance. One of the most accessible and at the same time most effective 3D digitisation methods is photogrammetry. The result, if procedures are followed correctly, is not only high-quality content with a wide range of uses, but also potential stepping stones for effective business models. This can reduce acquisition costs quite significantly and make 3D digitisation accessible to a wider range of institutions.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION OF NURSES WITH COMMUNICATION BARRIERS TO FAMILIES OF PRE-SURGERY PATIENTS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE ROOM AT THE ACEH GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2020
Authors: Hayati Wirda , Suwarni Suwarni , Jasna Nova Riska , Yusuf Meutia
Published: January 2022

Background: The nurse's verbal and non-verbal communication greatly affects the readiness of the patient and the patient's family to undergo surgery. Unclear communication causes misperceptions and the emergence of communication barriers in the nurse-client interaction process. The limited time and information provided are the causes of communication barriers in the client care process. This of course greatly affects patient care, especially in conditions that require intensive care. Methods: This study aims to determine the relationship between verbal and non-verbal communication between nurses and perceptions of communication barriers in families of pre-surgery patients in the intensive care unit, with a correlation design using a Cross Sectional study approach. The number of samples was 95 families of preoperative patients in the intensive care unit using purposive sampling technique. Results: 51.6% of nurses' verbal communication was good, and 50.5% of nurses' nonverbal communication was good, and there were no communication barriers between nurses and patients' families (54.7%). There was a significant relationship between nurses' verbal communication with perceptions of family communication barriers in pre-surgery patients in the intensive room (P=0.001) and there was a correlation between nurses' nonverbal communication with perceptions of family communication barriers in pre- surgery patients in the intensive room (P=0.002). Recommendation: Nurses are expected to continue to communicate effectively verbal and non-verbal with patients and families to prevent barriers in communication
Q-particles in embedded declaratives, mood, and clausal complementation
Authors: Mizuno Teruyuki
Published: January 2022

Q-particles are functional items that are used to form alternative-related constructions. This paper investigates a hitherto understudied use of the Japanese Q-particle ka in which it occurs immediately below the declarative complementizer and imposes constraints on the doxastic state of the attitude holder. I show that this use of ka is licensed only under a limited range of attitude predicates, and once licensed, it encodes the presupposition that  the attitude holder is 'uncertain' regarding the truth value of the proposition denoted by the embedded sentence.
Bare Singulars and Pseudo-Incorporation in Western Armenian
Authors: Kalomoiros Alexandros
Published: January 2022

This paper is concerned with the way the denotation of the bare singular and the process of Pseudo-Incorporation (PI) interact in Western Armenian (WA). We argue that bare singulars in WA unambiguously denote properties of kinds, thus differing significantly from languages like English and Turkish, where they are ambiguous between object-level and kind-level properties (Dayal 2004, Sağ 2019). Our argument comes from Pseudo-Incorporation. WA allows PI of [Num (CLF) Nsg] elements (covert plurals) which denote object-level properties. At the same time, PI-ed NPs (either bare singulars or covert plurals) accept only kind- level modification. This cannot be accounted by restricting PI to kind-denoting NPs (like in Turkish, Sağ 2019), as object-level properties (i.e. covert plurals) are also PI-ed. We derive the pattern by building an analysis of PI where the bare singular is unambiguously kind-denoting.
Reciprocity without reciprocal pronouns
Authors: Nakamura Takanobu
Published: January 2022

In this paper, I claim that reciprocity consists of three independentsemantic components, namely (i) the distributivity component, (ii) the anaphoricitycomponent and (iii) the disjointness component. I show that a distributor sorezorein Japanese induces a reciprocal reading when the configuration between sorezoreand its antecedent violates Condition B. Adopting the plural dynamic semanticframework (van den Berg 1996; Nouwen 2007; Brasoveanu 2007: among others), Ipropose that the co-reference condition of sorezore is collectively evaluated, but itsscope domain is distributively evaluated. As a result, sorezore and its antecedentare co-referential at the level of plural individuals, but disjoint at the level ofatomic individuals, deriving a reciprocal reading. This suggests that the disjointnesscondition is not hard-wired in the semantics of sorezore. I further discuss otherreciprocal strategies in Japanese and in other languages and suggest that distributivityand anaphoricity are not always encoded to a single entry, either.
Zero, Null Individuals, and Nominal Semantics in Cantonese
Authors: Morzycki Marcin , Chow Hary
Published: January 2022

It has been convincingly argued that English zero provides evidence for introducing null individuals into the ontology of natural language (Bylinina & Nouwen 2018). We examine ‘zero’ in Cantonese, where it provides evidence that such null individuals are a matter of crosslinguistic variation. Cantonese zero has a more restricted distribution. It occurs widely in a number of contexts, but it is systematically ruled out with ordinary classifiers. These facts, coupled with assumptions about the nature of measurement and nominal semantics, demonstrate despite its extensive use in the language, zero is impossible in precisely the uses that require null individuals. Cantonese seems to be telling us that such null individuals are simply absent from its ontology, implying an interesting difference in natural language metaphysics between the languages—and perhaps a different perspective on what theoretical shape crosslinguistic variation can take.
A post-suppositional account of associative plurals in Burmese
Authors: New Keely
Published: January 2022

I investigate the interpretation of the associative plural tó/dó in Colloquial Burmese based on original fieldwork. I report that in a conjunction of associative plurals, there is an available reading where the named individuals in the conjunction internally satisfy the plural requirement. I call this the internal plural reading, a reading which has not been previously observed in the literature. I propose that the named individuals in a conjunction of associative plurals can satisfy each other's plural requirement if the Burmese associative plural has a meaning that ixs post-suppositional. The proposal is inspired by Brasoveanu & Szabolcsi 2013's treatment of conjunctions of additive phrases in some languages, but our proposals crucially differ in that associative plurals contribute assertive meaning rather than not-at-issue meaning.
Praktik Akad Nikah Bagi Mempelai Tunawicara dalam Perspektif Kompilasi Hukum Islam
Authors: Baihaqi Achmad , Abadi Said
Published: January 2022

The author is interested in researching the practice of the marriage contract with the bride and groom who have limitations in pronouncing the contract (impaired), from practice in the field it is often the case that the marriage contract of the non-verbal bride is carried out by a representative but without a clear power of attorney, it is not entirely wrong. Because sometimes both parties believe that there will be no dispute in the appointment of representatives. The bride and groom base the implementation of their marriage contract on the encouragement of the community, clerics, customs, and indeed an agreement between the two parties. The approach method used in this paper is a juridical-normative approach in the study of fiqh. A juridical approach by examining legal rules and a normative approach in the study of fiqh is used in analyzing problems that occur in society. For provisions that require the granting of power in writing, basically it is not stipulated in the book of fiqh. In fact, fiqh explicitly stipulates that it can be in the form of words (عبارة) or in written form. There is nothing wrong with the provisions stipulated by the Compilation of Islamic Law, which are promulgated, following the rules of al-maslahah al-mursalah which have been explained or the concept in the book of Bughyah al-Mustarsyidn which says that government decrees which are not forbidden by the Shari'a must be obeyed physically and mentally. If it is against the Shari'a, such as obliging something that is haram, then it is enough to obey outwardly. In article 17 paragraph (3) of the KHI which reads "For the prospective bride and groom who suffers from speech impairment or deafness, consent can be stated in writing or signs that can be understood," so without a power of attorney there is nothing wrong or allowed. What is clear is that the marriage is still valid, the KUA does not require the speech-impaired bride and groom to make or show a power of attorney.
Reinterpretasi Hifdzul Aqli dan Relevansi Maqasid Syariah Terhadap Kebijakan Pembelajaran Tatap Muka di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Auladi Akrom
Published: January 2022

The implementation of learning by daring for anticipation of the spread of Covid-19 is seen as less effective and causes many problems. The Minister of Education responded to this by publishing a circular regarding the permissibility of learning by luring with all the requirements. This policy triggered a polemic with the fact that the spread of Covid-19 was still increasing. therefore the author are interested in examining these policies in the perspective of maqasid sharia. This research uses qualitative methods and is based on library research. The data needed in this study were collected using document techniques (reading text). From the research conducted, the authors conclude that today's hifdzul aqli is not only related to dzati reason but has reinterpretated into functional guarding. In this perspective, education and health occupy an equal position. Furthermore, through the analysis of Ibn Asyur's maslahat concept, it is concluded that policies related to learning by daring contain aspects of benefit (development of reason) and mafsadat (damage to the soul) in a balanced manner. After a deeper analysis through a study of sadd dzariah, it can be concluded that this policy is less relevant to maqasid sharia.
 
Pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh sebagai antisipasi penyebaran covid-19 dipandang kurang efektif dan menimbulkan banyak persoalan. Hal itu direspon oleh Mentri Pendidikan dengan menerbitkan edaran tentang diperbolehkannya pembelajaran tatap muka dengan segala persyaratanya. Kebijakan ini memicu polemik dengan adanya fakta bahwa  penyebaran covid-19 masih terus mengalami peningkatan. Dari sini penulis tertarik untuk mengkaji kebijakan tersebut dalam perspektif maqasid syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan berbasis library research. Data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan teknik dokumen (reading text). Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, penulis berkesimpulan bahwa hifdzul aqli dewasa ini tidak hanya berkaitan dengan akal secara dzati akan tetapi telah dienterpretasi menjadi penjagaan akal secara fungsi. Dalam perspektif ini, pendidikan dan kesehatan menduduki posisi yang setara. Selanjutnya, melalui analisis konsep maslahatnya Ibnu Asyur, disimpulkan bahwa kebijakan terkait pembelajaran tatap muka mengandung aspek manfaat (pengembangan akal) dan mafsadat (rusaknya jiwa) secara berimbang. Setelah dianalisis lebih mendalam melalui kajian sadd dzariah bisa disimpulkan bahwa kebijakan ini kurang relevan dengan maqasid syariah.
Distance Learning: The Effectiveness Studies In College Students
Authors: Solihin Rahmat , Muin M. Tamsil` , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Distance Learning is learning using a medium that allows interaction between teachers and learners even if they are not in the same place. In its implementation, there are several problems when distance learning is implemented. With some of these problems, distance learning is very interesting to research how effective it is in learning. The type of research used is field research using quantitative approach, while the subject in this study is pgmi study program student at STAI Asy-Syukriyyah Tangerang. Based on the findings in the study, especially in the research subject, students of PGMI study program, showed that the implementation of distance learning in STAI Asy-Syukriyyah Tangerang, categorized as effective with an effectiveness level of 63.79%.
Frequency of Gingivitis among 12 to 70 Years Old Patients Visiting Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Hamid Gulrukh , Shahzad Asim , Hussain Mian Abrar
Published: January 2022

The present cross sectional study aimed to determine the frequency of gingivitis among 21 to 70 old patients at Periodontal Department of Lady Reading Hospital (LRH), Peshawar, Pakistan. A total of 133 patients were observed by using Word Health Organization (WHO) sample size calculator with the following assumption, confidence level = 95%, Anticipated absolute precision = 8% and Population proportion = 33.4%. Standard proforma (questionnaire) and non-probability consecutives sampling technique was used for the sample collection with inclusion and exclusion base criteria for the study fulfillment. Results showed that mean age was 60 years with standard deviation + 8.34. 63 (47.36%) of patients were male and 70 (52.63%) were female. Male patients had gingival inflammation affected more 50 (79.36%) as compared to female 17 (24.28%). Total sample prevalence of mild, moderate and sever gingivitis was 43 (64.17%), 20 (29.85%) and 4 (5.97%). Percentage of mild gingivitis in females was less than males (58.82% vs. 66%), moderate gingivitis percentage was also slightly less in females than males (29.41% vs. 30%). However percentage of females having severe gingivitis was found higher than males (11.76% vs. 4%). Out of 133 patients 67 (50.37%) were analyzed as gingivitis while 66 (49.62%) patients were without gingivitis. It was revealed that the incidence rate of gingivitis was estimated 67 (50.37%) among 133 patients. Patients should need awareness of gingivitis through proper education channel as a result to adopt appropriate oral hygiene practices and other preventive measures to reduce the incidence of this disease and other oral health complications in future.
The Physiological Profile of Male Professional Soccer Players: The Effect of Playing Division
Authors: Rousopoulos Evangelos , Cooke Carlton , Paradisis Giorgos , Zacharogiannis Elias , Patrikia Kouyoufa Eleni , Till Kevin
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to present the physiological profile of male soccer players who compete in the professional (Division [D] 1, 2, 3) and semi-professional (D4) Greek soccer leagues, and to compare their physiological profile according to playing division. Using 1,095 players (age: 25.2 ± 4.7 years), twelve anthropometric and physiological characteristics (age, height, body mass, BMI, VO2max, velocity of VO2max velocity at ventilatory threshold, maximum heart rate, maximum lactate, squat jump, 35 m sprint and sprinting fatigue index) were assessed. Factorial analysis of variance revealed a significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced physiological profile amongst the professional, compared to semi-professional players, for 10 of the 12 characteristics assessed between divisions. Regarding aerobic parameters, velocity at maximum oxygen uptake was the variable which discriminated professional, from semi-professional players most. With reference to anaerobic parameters, the 35m sprint was the variable which differentiated players between divisions (i.e. D1/D2 vs. D3/D4). Overall, findings in this study present the physiological profile of soccer players within the specified Greek soccer divisions, with differences identified between professional, and semi-professional divisions. These findings suggest that advanced physiological profiles may contribute to a player’s progression to higher divisions of Greek professional soccer.
Metal-Based Nanomaterials Incorporate with Ultrasound as Acceptable Approach towards Cancer Therapy
Authors: He Xiaoxiao , Chen Shiyue , Mao Xiang
Published: January 2022

Among current biological researches, there have a plenty of works related cancer therapy issues by using functional or pure-phased composites in non-invasive strategies. Especially in fabricating anticancer candidates, functional composites are divided into different sorts with different characteristics. Additionally, nanotechnology provides various approaches in utilizing composites’ functionality for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Compared with previous Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), Photo-Thermal Therapy (PTT), chemotherapy and radiotherapy, ultrasound is used to activate sonosensitizer to produce cytotoxic Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) toward target cancer cells. In recent years, the form of Sonodynamic Therapy (SDT) has been making much effort to develop highly efficient metal based Nanomaterials (NMs) as sonosensitizers, which can efficiently generate ROS and has the advantages of deeper tissue penetration. However, the traditional sonosensitizers, such as porphyrins, hypericin, and curcumins suffer from complex synthesis, poor water solubility, and low tumor targeting efficacy. For contrasting this limitation, the metal based inorganic NMs show biocompatibility, controllable physicochemical properties, and ease of achieving multifunctional properties, which greatly expanded their application in SDT. In this review, we systematically summarize the metal based inorganic NMs as carrier of molecular sonosensitizers, and produce ROS under ultrasound. Moreover, the prospects of advanced metal based further materials application are also discussed.
Stemphylium and Ulocladium between Benefit and Harmful
Authors: Elkhateeb Waill A , Daba Ghoson M
Published: January 2022

Background: Emerging of microbial resistance, spread of life-threatening diseases, and biological control of pathogens destroying economically important crops, are serious problems that encourage scientists to search for unusual sources for novel compounds with biological activities. Fungi are promising sources for such compounds due to their ability to produce variety of secondary metabolites that could be, if truly investigated, the solution for currently serious problems. Aim: The aim of this review is to highlight the diversity of compounds produced by endophytic Stemphylium and Ulocladium and represents their ability to produce biologically diverse metabolites. Materials and methods: This was a narrative review. A comprehensive literature search was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and EMBASE using the keywords, Stemphylium; Ulocladium; Secondary metabolites; biological activities. Results: Many studies reported that the endophytic Ulocladium especially, Ulocladium atrum Preuss, showed promising biocontrol activity against Botrytis cinerea on crops cultivated in the greenhouse and the field. The endophytic fungus Stemphylium especially, Stemphylium globuliferum was isolated from stem tissues of the Moroccan medicinal plant Mentha pulegium. Extracts of the fungus exhibited significant cytotoxicity when tested in vitro against L5178Y cells. Conclusion: Endophytic fungi are a noble and consistent source of unique natural mixtures with a high level of biodiversity and may also yield several compounds of pharmaceutical significance, which is currently attracting scientific surveys worldwide. Every study conducted on Stemphylium and Ulocladium resulted in discovery of new metabolites or pointing to a possible application, which made Stemphylium and Ulocladium species potential source of pharmaceuticals and attracted attention for further investigations of their biological control.
Pharmacotherapy of Different Tuberculosis Patients its Analysis and Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shahzad Asim , Farhad Anwar Muhammad , Hussain Mian Abrar , Rehman Abdul , M Matiullah
Published: January 2022

This study aim was to evaluate the prescribed therapies and to identify various drug-related problems as well as their causes in different TB patients admitted at the Pulmonology Department, Northwest General Hospital and Research Centre, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan. A 5-month retrospective study was conducted in which a total of 525 patients’ medical records were collected using predesigned standard data collection proforma. Among them, 25 patients having incomplete medical records were excluded and the rest of 500 cases were involved and analyzed accordingly. In all these cases, the causative agent was Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Overall 14 drugs of 133 different therapeutic classes were used in which the most frequently prescribed drugs to these patients were Anti-Tuberculosis drugs (100%), Antibiotic (100%), Multivitamins (78%), GIT drugs (55%) and Antihistamines (55%) followed by other drugs listed in the present study. Out of 500 cases, a total of 179 (35.8%) patients were identified had Drug-related problems, among them 23 (4.6%) cases were in untreated condition, in 12 (2.4%) cases drugs without indication problems were found, in 43 (8.6%) cases there were adverse drug reactions problems noted, in 75 (15%) cases total drug interactions problems were identified, while in 26 (5.2%) cases polypharmacy problems were found. The prescribed pharmacotherapy in all 500 cases meets with the standard pharmacotherapy. However, the discrepancies observed in the present study were due to lack of proper knowledge about the pharmacology of the drugs, overburden on doctors and proper lack of patient counseling. To better understand the proper management and reduction of these problems other health care professionals and proper clinical pharmacists are required to cooperate for the sake of improving the outcomes of the pharmacotherapy.
12-Tungstophosphate Acids: An Efficient, Green and Recyclable Photocatalyst in Carbon-Carbon Double Bond Isomerization on Linear Alpha Olefins
Authors: Ma Wangjing , TC Xiao , BN Liu , ZC Xu , ZQ Jin , QT Gong
Published: January 2022

The accelerated UV visible photocatalytic carbon-carbon double bond isomerization of Linear Alpha Olefins (LAO) with 12-Tungstophosphate Acids (12-TPA) as an efficient, environmentally-friendly and recyclable catalyst was described, which produced the corresponding Linear Internal Olefins (LIO) in general high selectivity and high yields.
PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DE DUAS RESINAS COMPOSTAS NANOPARTICULADAS: CONVENCIONAL E BULK-FILL
Authors: Martins Mendes Gustavo Adolfo , Soares Janielle De Sousa , Monteiro Natália Gomes , De Sousa Eduardo Acácio , De Carvalho Juliane Guimarães
Published: January 2022

Compósitos odontológicos devem apresentar propriedades físicas e mecânicas suficientes, para que possam atender satisfatoriamente às forças mastigatórias. Portanto, esse trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a resistência mecânica entre dois tipos de resinas nanoparticuladas: convencional (Filtek™ Z350) e bulk-fill (Filtek™ One Bulk fill). Foram confeccionados 40 corpos de prova divididos em 2 grupos contendo 20 amostras de cada grupo, G1 (Bulk-Fill) e G2 (Z350), conforme as normas da ADA no 27. Para avaliar a resistência das amostras, as mesmas foram submetidas ao teste de tração diametral e posteriormente ao teste de resistência flexural em uma máquina de ensaios universais Instron 5965. Os resultados obtidos foram que para a resistência a tração diametral da resina Bulk-Fill apresentou maiores valores comparado à resina Z350, com diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0,05). Quanto à resistência flexural as resinas apresentaram comportamento mecânico semelhante (p=0,159). Nessa perspectiva, a resina bulk-fill demonstrou maior resistência mecânica quando comparada à resina convencional.

Palavras-chave: Resinas compostas. Materiais Dentários. Resistência à Tração.
SIMULATION RESEARCH ON CARBON EMISSIONS TRADING BASED ON BLOCKCHAIN
Authors: Zhou Qing , Zhang Qi
Published: January 2022

Global warming caused by greenhouse gases is one of the problems that need to be solved urgently. Blockchain technology can achieve automatic quota certification and settlement, providing a new direction for carbon emissions trading. This paper provides a quantitative analysis of blockchain-based carbon emissions trading through the Repast simulation platform. Firstly, it designs the blockchain-based carbon emissions trading simulation framework from a macro perspective, including identity and quota certification, quota trading, risk prevention and smart contracts management. Then, it establishes a blockchain-based carbon emissions trading simulation model and formulates the behavior rules of the government, investors and company agents and market transaction processes. Finally, it simulates the carbon emissions trading based on public chain and private chain on the Repast platform, and analyzes the simulation results.
Leaf trait differences between 97 pairs of invasive and native plants across China: effects of identities of both the invasive and native species
Authors: Liu Ming-Chao , Dong Ting-Fa , Feng Wei-Wei , Qu Bo , Kong De-Liang , van Kleunen Mark , Feng Yu-Long
Published: January 2022

Many studies have attempted to test whether certain leaf traits are associated with invasive plants, resulting in discrepant conclusions that may be due to species-specificity. However, no effort has been made to test for effects of species identity on invasive-native comparisons. Here, we compared 20 leaf traits between 97 pairs of invasive and native plant species in seven disturbed sites along a southwest-to-northeast transect in China using phylogenetically controlled within-study meta-analyses. The invasive relative to the native species on average had significantly higher leaf nutrients concentrations, photosynthetic rates, photosynthetic nutrients- and energy-use efficiencies, leaf litter decomposition rates, and lower payback time and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios. However, these differences disappeared when comparing weakly invasive species with co-occurring natives and when comparing invasives with co-occurring widespread dominant natives. Furthermore, the magnitudes of the differences in some traits decreased or even reversed when a random subset of strongly to moderately invasive species was excluded from the species pool. Removing rare to common natives produced the same effect, while exclusion of weakly to moderately invasives and dominant to common natives enhanced the differences. Our study indicates that the results of invasive-native comparisons are species-specific, providing a possible explanation for discrepant results in previous studies, such that we may be unable to detect general patterns regarding traits promoting exotic plant invasions through multi-species comparisons.
L’utilisation de la ressource religieuse par un parti « laïque » dans la Tunisie de l’après-révolution
Authors: Grasso Anna
Published: January 2022

Les partis islamistes sont-ils les seuls à mobiliser la ressource religieuse ? S’appuyant sur notre travail de terrain en Tunisie (entre 2011 et 2018) sur la question du rapport entre État et religion ainsi que sur la littérature portant sur la sociologie des partis politiques, cet article se propose de tenir compte des stratégies électorales d’Ennahda et de Nidaa Tounes, les partis vainqueurs des deux premières élections libres du pays. Avec l’émergence du parti Nidaa Tounes en 2012, ce parti et notamment son président Béji Caïd Essebsi arrivent à contrecarrer l’hégémonie culturelle des islamistes (qui jusque-là avaient le monopole du discours sur l’islam) par les urnes en choisissant de s’associer avec des professionnels de la politique et universitaires spécialistes de l’islam ainsi qu’avec un groupe d’hommes de religion opposés à l’islamisme et le salafisme.
La religion explique-t-elle les attitudes politiques ?
Authors: Bréchon Pierre
Published: January 2022

La religion est depuis longtemps considérée comme un élément explicatif du rapport des individus à la politique. Après avoir rappelé cette tradition de recherche, l’article présente l’analyse comparative mise en œuvre dans huit pays de l’Union européenne (à partir des données de l’enquête ISSP en 2004 et 2014) pour tester l’effet des appartenances au catholicisme et au protestantisme, mais aussi l’effet de l’intégration – ou non – à une religion, sur le rapport des individus à la politique. L’implication et l’orientation politiques s’avèrent toujours dépendantes des positionnements religieux selon un modèle dépassant les cultures politiques nationales, même si ces effets semblent plutôt à la baisse.
On the multifractal spectrum of weighted Birkhoff averages
Authors: Bárány Balázs , Rams Michaƚ , Shi Ruxi
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we study the topological spectrum of weighted Birk–hoff averages over aperiodic and irreducible subshifts of finite type. We show that for a uniformly continuous family of potentials, the spectrum is continuous and concave over its domain. In case of typical weights with respect to some ergodic quasi-Bernoulli measure, we determine the spectrum. Moreover, in case of full shift and under the assumption that the potentials depend only on the first coordinate, we show that our result is applicable for regular weights, like Möbius sequence.
Stability, free energy and dynamics of multi-spikes in the minimal Keller-Segel model
Authors: Kong Fanze , Wang Qi
Published: January 2022

One of the most impressive findings in chemotaxis is the aggregation that randomly distributed bacteria, when starved, release a diffusive chemical to attract and group with others to form one or several stable aggregates in a long time. This paper considers pattern formation within the minimal Keller–Segel chemotaxis model with a focus on the stability and dynamics of its multi-spike steady states. We first show that any steady-state must be a periodic replication of the spatially monotone one and they present multi-spikes when the chemotaxis rate is large; moreover, we prove that all the multi-spikes are unstable through their refined asymptotic profiles, and then find a fully-fledged hierarchy of free entropy energy of these aggregates. Our results also complement the literature by finding that when the chemotaxis is strong, the single boundary spike has the least energy hence is the most stable, the steady-state with more spikes has larger free energy, while the constant has the largest free energy and is always unstable. These results provide new insights into the model's intricate global dynamics, and they are illustrated and complemented by numerical studies which also demonstrate the metastability and phase transition behavior in chemotactic movement.
« Ce que nous voulons, c’est une Commission vérité et réconciliation ». La justice transitionnelle en Mauritanie : un modèle, sa promotion et des évitements politiques
Authors: N’Diaye Sidi
Published: January 2022

En 2007, lorsque Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdellahi accéda au pouvoir, il engagea un processus de « réconciliation nationale » qui était censé permettre la reconnaissance publique des violences des années 1980-1990 et des victimes de celles-ci. Mais très vite, les mesures en faveur de cette politique de reconnaissance et la possibilité de voir l’entière vérité surgir, déplurent aux généraux de l’armée, caciques de l’ancien régime. Ces derniers s’emparèrent donc du pouvoir en août 2008. Avec le général Ould Abdel Aziz, qui prit la suite d’Ould Cheikh Abdellahi, le processus de réconciliation nationale produisit confusions et ambiguïtés. Le travail des autorités militaires, en collaboration avec un collectif de victimes, apparut pour de nombreux autres comme une tentative d’évacuation du passé douloureux. Il était donc impératif, selon les victimes « exclues », de revenir à la table des négociations. Faisant face au refus du pouvoir de rouvrir ces dernières, quelques collectifs de victimes et organisations de droits humains, accompagnés par des ONG internationales, entreprirent d’aborder la question des violences du passé et leurs conséquences en recourant à un mécanisme de sortie de crise qui avait l’objet de discussions prometteuses sous la brève mandature d’Ould Cheikh Abdellahi : la justice transitionnelle. S’appuyant sur des entretiens avec des victimes mobilisées au sein de structures associatives et politiques, sur les déclarations publiques de responsables associatifs et les travaux d’associations de victimes et d’ONG internationales, cet article rend compte des conditions d’introduction de la justice transitionnelle dans le débat sur la « réconciliation nationale », mais également du travail de promotion de ce modèle par des acteurs associatifs et leurs partenaires internationaux. Par ailleurs, cet effort de promotion se heurtant aux réticences des autorités officielles, l’article revient sur les motivations de ces dernières, avant de conclure avec les revendications en cours des organisations de victimes.