bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SISTEMAS DE MEDIÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO E DESPERDÍCIO DE ALIMENTOS: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Santos Paulo Henrique Amorim , Martins Roberto Antonio
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta uma análise da produção científica da medição de desempenho e do desperdício de alimentos, bem como as tendências e os desafios no campo. O desperdício de alimentos contribui para aumentar a insegurança alimentar e consome recursos financeiros e naturais escassos. Entretanto, existem inúmeras dificuldades para medir o desperdício em nível agregado, e as várias formas utilizadas nas empresas não têm abordagem sistêmica. Uma revisão sistemática da literatura foi realizada com o uso de bibliometria para direcionar análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam para uma falta de artigos com ênfase nos sistemas de medição de desempenho voltados para toda a cadeia de suprimentos com enfoque em sustentabilidade, melhoria e aprendizagem. A aplicação de tecnologias digitais nos sistemas de medição de desempenho é uma tendência observada. Isso é uma janela de oportunidades para desenvolvimento de pesquisas com o objetivo de quantificar melhor o desperdício de alimentos, que pode contribuir para a redução da insegurança alimentar.
Análise do monitoramento da qualidade do ar no Brasil
Authors: Vormittag Evangelina da Motta P. A. de Araújo , Cirqueira Samirys Sara Rodrigues , Wicher Neto Hélio , Saldiva Paulo Hilário N.
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Este artigo descreve as condições atuais da rede de monitoramento de qualidade do ar no Brasil. Os resultados revelam que apenas dez estados e o DF realizam o monitoramento através de 371 estações ativas - 80% delas na Região Sudeste. Outras informações relevantes são: (i) 41,2% das estações nacionais são privadas; no estado do Rio de Janeiro elas representam 60% do total de suas estações, enquanto no estado de São Paulo, 100% das estações são públicas; (ii) o MP10 é o poluente mais monitorado em 62,8% das estações e o MP2,5 em apenas 25,9% delas; e, (iii) a comunicação dos dados de monitoramento em tempo real à população ocorre em cinco estados. Após trinta anos de sua criação, a Rede Nacional de Qualidade do Ar encontra-se incompleta, e insuficientemente implantada, inviabilizando uma adequada gestão da qualidade do ar pelos órgãos ambientais.
A água como elemento de integração transfronteiriça: o caso da Bacia Hidrográfica Mirim-São Gonçalo
Authors: Fernandes Fernanda De Moura , Collares Gilberto Loguercio , Corteletti Rafael
Published: August 2021

RESUMO O texto apresenta o contexto ambiental e socioeconômico da Bacia Hidrográfica Mirim-São Gonçalo e os aspectos políticos da sua natureza transfronteiriça. Também são ilustrados marcos institucionais e legais pioneiros de gestão compartilhada desse recurso hídrico expressos pela criação da Comissão Mista Brasileiro-Uruguaia para o Aproveitamento da Bacia da Lagoa Mirim (CLM) e pela assinatura do Tratado da Lagoa Mirim. Por fim, é apresentada a Agência para o Desenvolvimento da Lagoa Mirim (ALM), ator público presente no território, e como sua atuação pode robustecer o modelo de gestão existente ao promover e aprofundar a coordenação com os demais atores públicos e a sociedade civil.
Integrando conhecimentos para avançar na adaptação climática no nível local
Authors: Fontana Michele Dalla , Moreira Fabiano de Araújo , Serrao-Neumann Silvia , Lucertini Giulia , Maragno Denis , Giulio Gabriela Marques Di
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Os problemas ambientais e sociais existentes no nível local desempenham papel importante na forma em que os efeitos das mudanças climáticas se manifestam. Embora os acordos internacionais e as estratégias nacionais sejam indispensáveis no enfrentamento dessas alterações, as especificidades de cada território requerem respostas de adaptação específicas. A adaptação climática é, assim, desafio particularmente urgente para os tomadores de decisão nos níveis municipal e regional, considerando, sobretudo, importantes lacunas no desenvolvimento de respostas locais, como ausência de dados e falta de vontade política ou recursos. Particularmente relevante é a capacidade de produzir informações que sejam facilmente convertidas em políticas de adaptação. Este artigo investiga a extensão em que três projetos de pesquisa contribuíram na produção de informações para promover adaptação. Os estudos de caso são analisados com o objetivo de identificar como, e em que medida, as interações entre diferentes conhecimentos contribuíram com o processo de adaptação local.
Justiça climática e as estratégias de adaptação às mudanças climáticas no Brasil e em Portugal
Authors: Torres Pedro Henrique Campello , Urbinatti Alberto Matenhauer , Gomes Carla , Schmidt Luísa , Leonel Ana Lia , Momm Sandra , Jacobi Pedro Roberto
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Políticas, planos e estratégias de adaptação às mudanças climáticas têm ganhado agenda de governos em todo planeta e em diversas escalas. Estariam os atuais instrumentos endereçando a redução de desigualdades, justiça e demanda por direitos? A primeira parte da pesquisa analisa a produção científica no Brasil e em Portugal sobre justiça climática. A segunda parte discute como as estratégias e políticas atuais de adaptação nos dois países contêm componentes relacionados à justiça.
Desafios de governança da água: conceito de territórios hidrossociais e arranjos institucionais
Authors: Empinotti Vanessa Lucena , Tadeu Natalia Dias , Fragkou Maria Christina , Sinisgalli Paulo Antonio de Almeida
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Entende-se como governança da água um conjunto de processos e estratégias político, organizacionais e administrativos, dentro de estruturas previamente definidas, que conduzem a tomada de decisão. Essas decisões produzem escalas que vão além de unidades de planejamento de gestão e se constituem em redes de poder que articulam diferentes atores, de acordo com os interesses e objetos em negociação. Assim, entende-se que a governança da água extrapola as fronteiras físicas destas unidades de planejamento e assume configurações dinâmicas, flexíveis e multiescalares que refletem relações hidrossociais. Nesse sentido, o conceito de território hidrossocial, constituído a partir de redes multiescalares socioambiental e espacialmente delimitadas e ativadas para garantir o acesso à água, poderia fundamentar novas práticas de governança da água.
A decoração da Capela de São Miguel Arcanjo em São Miguel Paulista (SP)
Authors: Montanari Thais Cristina
Published: August 2021

RESUMO A Capela de São Miguel Arcanjo, localizada na zona leste da cidade de São Paulo, apesar de reconhecida por sua peculiar arquitetura em taipa de pilão, teve sua decoração sempre tratada de forma secundária. Em 2007, tal questão passou a ganhar maior destaque em razão das pinturas parietais descobertas durantes os trabalhos de restauro então realizados. A urgência de estudar essas pinturas para orientar um plano de conservação e preservação, contudo, resultou em estudos pouco aprofundados, privilegiando uma visão formalista e eurocêntrica das artes produzidas durante o período colonial. Desse modo, o presente artigo, que se apresenta como um recorte da dissertação de mestrado da autora, busca apresentar uma abordagem não eurocêntrica ao analisar as diversas trocas culturais ocorridas naquele contexto histórico-cultural local e global, ao se basear em documentação primária.
As narrativas de termodinâmica nos livros didáticos angolanos e a conceptualização dos seus leitores
Authors: Afonso Ana Sofia , Freitas Daniel A.
Published: August 2021

Resumo A recente Lei de Bases do Sistema de Educação e Ensino Angolano atribui um papel central ao livro didático na formação de indivíduos. Nesse período de paz recente e de prosperidade em Angola, procura-se uma educação de qualidade que possa acompanhar os desenvolvimentos sociais e econômicos do país. Uma educação que possa contribuir não só para as inovações científicas e tecnológicas na sociedade angolana, mas também para formar indivíduos críticos e atuantes. Angola é um dos maiores exportadores de petróleo mundial, por esse motivo, as questões energéticas constituem um dos assuntos a incluir no ensino das ciências. Dado que esse ensino se encontra dependente dos livros didáticos, este estudo procurou analisar qual a abordagem da termodinâmica nos livros didáticos de física, de modo a inferir em que medida as suas propostas veiculam uma relação entre o conhecimento científico e o posicionamento do indivíduo na sociedade sobre questões energéticas. A análise dos textos de termodinâmica teve em consideração o contexto sócio cultural da sua produção e permitiu constatar que a estrutura discursiva é fechada, com enfoque no conteúdo conceptual, e sem propostas metodológicas promotoras do pensamento divergente. O leitor é conceptualizado como alguém pertencente a um grupo de elite, “pré especialista” e com elevado “capital científico” e intrinsecamente motivado.
Root growth and anatomy of Typha domingensis Pers. related to phosphorus availability
Authors: Santos Juliana Costa Bueno dos , de Castro Evaristo Mauro , Duarte Vinícius Politi , Pereira Márcio Paulo , Corrêa Felipe Fogaroli , Pereira Fabricio José
Published: August 2021

Abstract Aim The capacity of macrophytes to colonize large areas is often referred to as dependent of the investment in root system and its capacity to uptake nutrients. This work aimed to evaluate the phosphorus (P) effects on the root growth and anatomy as well as its capacity to uptake this nutrient by the aquatic macrophyte Typha domingensis. Methods Plants were grown for 60 days in nutrient solution containing 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 or 0.8 mM of phosphorus. At the end of the experiment, the root length and P root content as well as the root anatomy at the maturation and meristematic zones were evaluated. Results Higher P concentrations increased the uptake of this nutrient and plant dry mass. However, the root length was reduced by higher phosphorus levels. In addition, P increased the proportion of the root cap while reduced the proportion of the procambium at the meristematic zone. Higher phosphorus concentrations reduced the xylem vessel diameter and the proportion of the vascular cylinder at the maturation zone, whereas increased phloem proportion was observed under this condition. Furthermore, higher phosphorus levels reduced the endodermis and exodermis thickness as well as the aerenchyma proportion. Conclusions Therefore, the T. domingensis P requirement is fulfilled at 0.4 mM of this nutrient and hypertrophic conditions promote the development of unfavorable root anatomical traits and reduction of the root growth.
Words
Authors: Searles Colbert
Published: August 2021

The germ of that which follows came into being many years ago in the days of my youth as a university instructor and assistant professor. It was generated by the then quite outspoken attitude of colleagues in the “exact sciences”; the sciences of which the subject-matter can be exactly weighed and measured and the force of its movements mathematically demonstrated. They assured us that the study of languages and literature had little or nothing scientific about it because: “It had no domain of concrete fact in which to work.” Ergo, the scientific spirit was theirs by a stroke of “efficacious grace” as it were. Ours was at best only a kind of “sufficient grace,” pleasant and even necessary to have, but which could, by no means ensure a reception among the elected.
Swelling pressure of compacted bentonite acting on constraining material with deformability
Authors: Watanabe Yasutaka , Tanaka Yukihisa
Published: August 2021

In order to better understand the physical interactions between compacted bentonite and the host rock, the swelling pressure acting on a constraining material with slight deformability and the volume change of the compacted bentonite caused by unloading without consolidation history were investigated. A swelling test apparatus equipped with controls for applying a small strain and loading pressure was developed to mechanically simulate the elastic strain of a soft and a hard rock and large deformation of the constraining materials. After the equilibrium swelling pressure had been measured, the vertical pressure was unloaded. It was found that the slight deformation of the compacted bentonite decreased the swelling pressure. Furthermore, upon unloading, for the Na-bentonite with no consolidation history, after the equilibrium swelling pressure had been measured by a sufficiently confined condition, the slope angle of the unloading curve approximately equalled that of the normal consolidation line, although a slight non-linearity of the curve was observed in highly compacted bentonite. Based on the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion, this indicated a mechanism whereby the shear strain in the saturation and one-dimensional swelling deformation processes effects an isotropy of swelling pressure and a non-linearity of the unloading curve.
Instagram como herramienta digital para la comunicación y divulgación científica: el caso mexicano de @pictoline
Authors:   Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (Madrid, España), SIDORENKO-BAUTISTA Pavel
Published: August 2021

El análisis del caso de Pictoline, que no es un medio especializado en ciencia, pone de manifiesto el potencial de Instagram como herramienta para la divulgación del conocimiento científico. Pictoline, como agencia de comunicación y diseño que trabaja de la mano de medios, ONG y agencias oficiales con el fin de ofrecer productos informativos y visuales que sean de fácil comprensión por la mayor cantidad de usuarios de Internet, hace que Instagram se convierta en paradigmático y digno de un caso de estudio. Este estudio demuestra que Pictoline ha procurado un modelo de divulgación simple e inclusive ‘POP’, con contenidos susceptibles de fácil comprensión e importante, fácil redistribución, a través de otros formatos digitales como las stories, a través de mensajes de WhatsApp o mediante el canal digital que se estime. Se aprecia una pretensión, por encima del simple engagement, de que los propios usuarios asuman el rol de copartícipes divulgadores, valiéndose así de su calidad activa y prosumidora como netizens. Las audiencias más jóvenes exigen mayores estímulos visuales para centrar su atención en las plataformas digitales.
The species of Mentzelia (Loasaceae) in Mexico, part 2: Mentzelia section Bartonia
Authors: Schenk John , Granados Mendoza Carolina , Estrada-Castillón Andres Eduardo
Published: August 2021

Background: Mentzelia (Loasaceae) is primarily distributed in western North America. The genus is classified into six monophyletic sections, among which species of section Bartonia are particularly poorly understood. Questions: What species of Mentzelia section Bartonia occur in Mexico? What are the species distribution ranges and what are their defining attributes? Study species: Mentzelia section Bartonia . Methods: Field, herbarium, distribution, and scanning electron microscopy studies were conducted to assess species diversity. Seed coat microsculpture patterns were evaluated to confirm species identities and understand their distributions throughout Mexico. Results: Six species from section Bartonia were recognized, with taxa distributed into either the Chihuahuan or Sonoran deserts. Mentzelia longiloba var. pinacatensis is the only Mexican endemic. Conclusions: Although this work comprehensively addressed the species of section Bartonia in Mexico, two groups will continue to present identification challenges: the M. longiloba and M. mexicana - M. saxicola complexes. Overlapping and variable characters will continue to complicate species identification in the M. longiloba complex, while the late-season loss of primary leaves will obscure species identification between M. mexicana and M. saxicola .
Discrete tortuosity as a morphometric measure in brain tumors
Authors:   , Hevia-Montiel H.
Published: August 2021

Morphological changes in brain tumors may be related to their malignancy. The objective of this work is to be able to detect and quantify these changes in a magnetic resonance imaging, since it can represent an important advantage for the noninvasive diagnosis in patients. One way to identify such morphological changes can be through the measurement of their tortuosity. The discrete tortuosity is a descriptor that characterizes bi-dimensional curves, as the contour of a region. In this work an alternative procedure for calculating the volumetric tortuosity of a surface is proposed. This technique is based in the slope chain code of the surface contour of a volume, and here we call it tridimensional discrete tortuosity. This descriptor is used as a morphometric index to study the tortuosity of brain tumors. For this, magnetic resonance images from 20 patients with low and high malignancy levels were analyzed, considering four regions: edema, whole tumor, enhancing region, and necrotic region. As a result, the tortuosities of the different regions are presented, with significant differences only in some of them. It should be noted that a disadvantage that is present, is the dependence of the measurement to the use of a robust method of segmentation, nevertheless the proposal of the discrete tortuosity for volumetric surfaces is satisfactory.
Electronic system for Static Postural Re-education in Real Time
Authors:   , Estévez-Pedraz A. G.
Published: August 2021

This paper presents an electronic system aimed to assist on the postural evaluation by measuring the weight distribution on the feet. Postural evaluation is commonly used by physiotherapists in order to correct muscle-skeletal problems such as those derived from ageing, accidents, diseases, etc. The developed electronic system was validated preliminary using video cameras to confirm the correct postures of the subject under test. With the obtained data it is possible to corroborate that the proposed system is capable to assist on the correction of the postural position in real time. The main limitation of this work is the reduced number of tests, due to this only preliminary results are presented. The main novelty of this work is the proposed solution to evaluate and help to correct the posture by using a portable electronic device based on force sensors. Derived from the presented results it can be concluded that the proposed system is capable to assist on the evaluation and correction of postural position in real time.
Optical characterization of the Central Nervous System of Haementeria officinalis
Authors:   , Díaz-Torres E.
Published: August 2021

The failure in the neuron regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) in higher vertebrates, is a not completely solved problem, this limits the rehabilitation of many motor conducts after an injury in the spinal cord. In neuronal regeneration multiple factors are involved, between them those that induce the neurite outgrowth which has been studied to try to encourage the extension and reconnection of the injury neurons with their blanks. The regeneration of the CNS of leeches has been intensely studied because allows to approach the problem at different levels with different techniques. In this study the optical absorption spectrum of the CNS and the tissue of the leech H. officinalis was obtained, by using photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), in order to investigate the optimal wavelenghts for later irradiation of CNS cells and tissue of H. officinalis. The results of this study show that the CNS of these organisms absorbs in the region of 300 nm to 500 nm, and the tissue samples has a maximun of optical absorption near to 300 nm, besides were observed evident differences between the optical absorption spectra of CNS with injury and the control (without injury).
Power analysis of the basilar membrane in the cochlea by mechanical resonance
Authors:   , Jimenéz-Hernández M.
Published: August 2021

This paper presents the power analysis to the mechanical model of the basilar membrane in the cochlea as a system of forced damped harmonic oscillators without lateral coupling proposed by Lesser and Berkeley. The Lagrange’s equation for dissipative mechanical systems and the energy method are used to obtain the general equation of the system. Next a solution by complex exponential is proposed using the resonance analysis considering only excitations of pure tones to obtain the equation of displacement, and with its derived the equation of velocity. The power in the system is the multiplication between the equations of the velocity and the excitation force. Finally the equation of the average power in the system is obtained. This new solution has the advantage of determining the relationship between the excitation frequency of the system and the position along the basilar membrane where the average power is maximum. This implies that the distance where there is maximum transfer of energy between the wave propagating in the perilymph and the mechanical displacement of the basilar membrane on the hair cells in the organ of Corti is known. The power analysis is successfully compared with the two-dimensional model of the cochlea developed by Neely using finite differences and with the experimental results of Békésy. In both ex-periments are used the same mechanical parameters of the basilar membrane and the same set of frequencies of evaluation proposed in the original papers in order to compare the different methodologies.
Detection of Human Sperm Tracks Using Video Processing Techniques
Authors:   , Roa Guerrero E. E.
Published: August 2021

Sperm motility analysis is very important for human fertility assessment. It is often carried on manually, but this could be susceptible to mistakes due to the nature of procedure. In addition to being time-consuming, results are merely subjective and non-repeatable. In order to overcome this, we present a semi-automated algorithm that tracks accurately the sperm movements. Adaptive Gaussian models are implemented for detecting moving spermatozoa and segment them throughout video frames. Morphological operators and connected-components labeling are applied to reduce noise and calculate centroids, respectively. Then, the Munkres algorithm along with the Kalman filter are used for the purpose of assigning centroids to tracks. Finally, tracks are displayed on screen. Outcomes show a 90.91 % of accuracy regarding to manual analysis. This algorithm aims only to detect spermatozoa movement and trace its displacement in video for human sperm samples. Moreover, it allows andrology experts to perform a more exact analysis of the individual characteristics of spermatozoa, having so a low cost, accurate and repetitive technological support that will allow them to emit more precise diagnosis. Thus, this method will help specialists to reduce time periods and make more objective analysis of sperm motility. In this way, fertility diagnosis will be more reliable.
ABANDONED OBJECTS. FROM UTOPIA TO REALITY: VIABILITY CRITERIA
Authors: Gelfond Anna Lazarevna
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the change in the architectural typology of abandoned objects over time. The influence of time on their town-planning position and typological components - function, design and form are analyzed. Abandoned object - a structure created by man, but not in use today. They went their way from reality to utopia. An attempt is made to figure out why this happened and whether the return path is possible - from utopia to reality. In conclusion, the concepts of general and environmental criteria for assessing the viability of abandoned objects are introduced, and on their basis the concept of the architectural and typological potential of a structure is formulated.
Renewable Energy Sources,Technologies and Protection Challenges in Indian Context:A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Krushna Keshab Baral, Sudhansu Kumar Samal Anjan Kumar Sahoo,Girija Sankar Panigrahi,
Published: August 2021

The prime requirement for the improvement of quality of life and the socio-economic condition of any nation is the clean and environment friendly energy harvesting. India, the 2nd highest populous country with a population of 1.39 billion is one of the largest consumers of using fossil fuels in the world. Limited availability of the fossil fuels may obstruct the future socio-economic development. Hence India government motivates the use of renewable energy sources. The renewable energy sources like solar, wind and biomass etc will never diminish their availability. Sunlight is used to meet ever increasing energy need. The literature analysis shows that in India fossil fuels still continues to contribute 80% and renewable energy sources around 20% of the total electricity generation. It is now of prime importance to focus on the technologies and the protection challenges of renewable energy sources in Indian context. The author has reviewed more than 300 research articles and presented various analysis reports. This will definitely help the researchers to find the lacuna behind less contribution of the renewable energy sources.
The Effects of Oral Nutritional Support on the Ability of the COVID-19 Patients to Recover: A Prospective, Open, Multicenter, Comparative in Two Groups, Observational Study
Authors: Sviridov Sergey V. , Krylov Kirill Y. , Vedenina Irina V. , Mohan Rubenas
Published: August 2021

Background. Nutritional insufficiency and decreased muscle mass of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 leads to prolonged respiratory support, stay in ICU and hospital, as well as reduced muscle strength and quality of life in the recovery period after a viral pneumonia caused by COVID-19. Aims: To study the effects of oral nutritional support on the physical health recovery of COVID-19 patients. Materials and methods. A prospective, open, multicenter, comparative observative study of two groups, observational study was initiated to evaluate the effects of oral nutritional support (ONS) by Nutridrink 200 ml on the ability of COVID-19 patients to recover. The patients with these criteria were included in the study: aged 1869; a confirmed COVID-19 infection; requires respiratory support; ability to consume more than 60% of food from the total required; presence of a signed consent form. One group received supplementary oral nutritional support (ONS) everyday for 28 days from the day of inclusion. The other group received standard diet. The primary endpoint was the evaluation of quality of life using the SF-36 questionnaire and the changes in the hand grip strength between the 3rd and 1st visits. Secondary endpoints of the study were length of stay in hospital and duration of respiratory support in the hospital. Results. 205 patients with a COVID-19 infection were included in the study. The final number of patients included in the study was 185 patients. Median age was 55 years old. The majority of patients were male 57.84% (107 patients). Upon evaluation of the physical component of quality of life using the SF-36 questionnaire, we obtained a statistically significant difference between the control and study groups on the 4th visit 44.285.45 and 46.586.76 respectively (p=0.012). Muscle strength was statistically different in the control (4.011.15 daN) and study (6.12.06 daN) groups (p 0.0001). The duration of respiratory support was significantly lower in the study group, 6.71.30 days as opposed to 8.141.52 days in the control group (p 0.0001). Also, in the group with oral nutritional support, there was a statistically significant decrease in the length of stay in hospital. In the control group, the average length of stay in hospital was 16.472.93 days, whereas in the study group it was 13.162.69 days (p 0.0001). Conclusion. Oral nutritional support given to oxygen dependent COVID-19 patients improves rehabilitation potential including preservation of muscle mass and function, reducing oxygen support requirements and length of stay in hospital.
Daya Saing Ekspor Ikan Tuna-Cakalang-Tongkol Indonesia di Pasar Amerika Serikat
Authors: Rudi Hartanto Toni , Suharno Suharno , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin
Published: August 2021

Ekspor sumber daya perikanan Indonesia selalu mengalami peningkatan. Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan menargetkan ekspor sumber daya perikanan sebesar US$ 7,13–8,00 miliar di tahun 2022-2024. Tuna-Cakalang-Tongkol (TCT) adalah kelompok ikan pelagis besar yang memiliki potensi besar dan memegang peranan penting dalam perikanan tuna global. Indonesia adalah produsen TCT terbesar di dunia, dengan hasil tangkapan mencapai 1,3 juta ton (20,06% produksi dunia). Dengan produksi TCT tertinggi di dunia, Indonesia menduduki peringkat ke-3 di bawah Thailand dan Vietnam dalam ekspor TCT ke AS. Ekspor TCT Indonesia ke Amerika Serikat (AS) bisa ditingkatkan dengan cara memperbaiki daya saing TCT Indonesia. Dalam rangka peningkatan daya saing TCT Indonesia di pasar AS, perlu diketahui posisi daya saing TCT Indonesia saat ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui daya saing dan posisi daya saing TCT Indonesia di pasar AS. Data yang dipakai dalam menganalisis daya saing merupakan data sekunder dalam kurun waktu 20 tahun terakhir (2000-2019). Daya saing ekspor TCT Indonesia dianalisis dengan Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA). Posisi daya saing ekspor dianalisis dengan Export Product Dynamic (EPD). TCT Indonesia mempunyai daya saing komparatif di pasar AS karena nilai RCA rata-rata 13,68 pertahun (RCA>1) dengan pertumbuhan positif dan berada pada posisi rising star. Hal ini berarti TCT Indonesia memliki pangsa pasar ekspor yang baik yang tumbuh secara dinamis di pasar AS.
Research trends on digital detox holidays: a bibliometric analysis, 2012-2020
Authors:   Department of Tourism Guidance, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey, Ozdemir Meltem Altinay , Goktas Levent Selman ,   Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
Published: August 2021

The addiction problem associated with the overuse of technology has spread to tourism, with recent literature suggesting that tourists may want “disconnection” while traveling. This study, therefore, focuses on the new and poorly understood concept of the digital detox holiday. There is confusion in the literature since there are many terms to refer to it, such as digital-free tourism, unplugged tourism, and disconnected tourism. This study clarifies digital detox holiday as a tourism form. First, based on a review of previous research, a digital detox holiday model was proposed to resolve the confusion. Second, publications in Google and Scopus databases (2012-2020) were reviewed by bibliometric analysis and science mapping analysis via VOSviewer. The results revealed that the digital detox holiday can be considered a form of digital-free tourism and unplugged tourism. The results also showed that it is a recent research topic, with an increase in relevant publications since 2016, especially after 2018. Consequently, the publication trend is likely to accelerate further in the future. This study contributes to the literature by describing the characteristics of the digital detox holiday and visually mapping publications to highlight trends.
Noticias del BID: Vol. 2, no. 7, agosto 1975
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

Noticias del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Influência de diferentes silanos na resistência de união entre cerâmica de dissilicato de lítio e cimento resinoso
Authors: Scorssatto Paula Cabral , Fasolin Tomm Alvin Gustavo , Figueiredo Paola Serraglio , Maroli Angélica , Alessandretti Rodrigo , Spazzin Aloisio Oro
Published: August 2021

Objetivo:O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o uso de diferentes marcas de silano na resistência de união entre a cerâmica de dissilicato de lítio e o cimento resinoso. A hipótese nula avaliada foi que as diferentes marcas de silanos apresentariam similar resistência de união. Métodos: Foramconfeccionados 80 discos de dissilicato de lítio (IPS E.max CAD) com (12 mm x 1 mm). Após a cristalização, foram incluídos em tubos de PVC com resina acrílica e polidos com lixas de carbeto de silício, sob irrigação com água. Após aplicação de ácido hidrofluorídrico 10%, foram lavados e secos e divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos para aplicação do silano (n=20). S-Y: Yller; S-M: Monobond N; S-U: Ultradent; S-DS: Dentsply Sirona. Uma matriz de silicone com 4 orifícios foi confecionada e preenchida posteriormente com o cimento resinoso (Multilink N) para realização do teste de microcilhamento (EMIC) e os dados foram avaliados pelo teste one-way ANOVA. Resultados: Análise de variância mostrou que não houveram diferenças estatísticas nos valores médios entre os grupos de tratamento (p=0,404). A média e desvio padrão (DP) da resistência de união (MPa) nos grupos foram: S-Y:  26,9 (6,3); S-M: 28,3 (5,8); S-U: 29,0 (8,0); S-DS: 31,8 (11,0). Conclusões: As diferentes marcas de silano avaliadas apresentaram resistência de união similar entre si. Porém, a aplicação de silano é fundamental para obter melhorias na resistência de união.
Pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa: epidemiological survey of 172 cases with focus on differential diagnosis
Authors: Severo Mara Luana Batista , De França Glória Maria , Diniz Martha Nayara de Oliveira , Da Silveira Éricka Janine Dantas , Costa Antônio De Lisboa Lopes
Published: August 2021

O objetivo da pesquisa é realizar um estudo retrospectivo de lesões pigmentadas na mucosa bucal e discutir aspectos importantes de seu diagnóstico e tratamento diferenciado na prática odontológica. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo descritivo de lesões pigmentadas na cavidade oral que foram registradas e diagnosticadas na clínica de Estomatologia e laboratório de Patologia Oral por um período de 28 anos. Resultados: Ocorreram 172 casos de lesões pigmentadas em um total de 13.743 registros, correspondendo a uma prevalência de 1,25% neste serviço. O sexo feminino foi responsável por 61,6% dos casos. A faixa etária mais afetada foi de 31 a 40 anos (23,8%). A localização anatômica mais comum envolvida foi a mucosa da bochecha (20,19%), seguida pelo lábio inferior (19,2%) e crista alveolar (15,2%). Tatuagem de amálgama e mácula melanótica (33,1%) foram as lesões pigmentadas mais comuns, seguidas por nevo melanocítico (21,6%). A falta de algumas informações nos formulários de solicitação de biópsia foi a principal limitação do estudo. Conclusão: Lesões orais pigmentadas eram incomuns no serviço analisado, provavelmente porque nem todas foram encaminhadas para análise histopatológica. No entanto, um diagnóstico correto é importante para que os pacientes recebam tratamento adequado.
La Corte Constitucional y la Policía Nacional frente la actividad de los venteros ambulantes de Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Mira González Clara María , Arango Quiroz Julián
Published: August 2021

El artículo presenta un estudio de las sentencias de la Corte Constitucional y las diferentes comprensiones de miembros de la Policía Nacional, referidas a la aplicación del test y del principio de proporcionalidad en actividad de los venteros ambulantes en Medellín, Colombia. También, se analizaron las comprensiones que algunos de los miembros de la Policía Nacional tienen frente a la aplicación del principio o test de proporcionalidad. Se concluye que las consideraciones frente a (1) la carga argumentativa que la Corte Constitucional debe realizar en sus sentencias y (2) la forma como la Policía Nacional debe aplicar el principio y el test de proporcionalidad en la actividad de los venteros ambulantes influyen en la validez de las sentencias y en la aplicación de los derechos fundamentales con carácter prioritario y, prima facie, en un Estado social de derecho como el colombiano.
Revisión de las investigaciones sobre literacidad en el ámbito jurídico en algunas instituciones de educación superior en América Latina
Authors: Londoño Vásquez David Alberto , Ramírez Botero Álvaro , Castellanos Ascencio Milton Daniel
Published: August 2021

Este artículo de revisión aborda las prácticas alrededor de la literacidad propias de la formación del campo del Derecho, en algunas universidades latinoamericanas. Para ello, se revisó la forma como se han empleado diferentes perspectivas teóricas y conceptuales para hablar de la comprensión y la producción textual en el ámbito jurídico, en instituciones de educación superior, hasta llegar al término literacidad. Se realizó un análisis de los artículos publicados en 2007-2017 en revistas latinoamericanas, relacionados con procesos de lectura y escritura en el ámbito jurídico, tanto en la formación como en el mundo laboral. Los resultados mostraron que las prácticas de literacidad se han centrado en la repetición, la apropiación conceptual y textual de los géneros discursivos, la adaptación de los textos a las realidades diversas de los interlocutores y la relevancia de la intertextualidad en la construcción discursiva de la argumentación jurídica.
Medidas regulatorias en agua potable y saneamiento, expedidas por el Gobierno colombiano en el marco de la emergencia económica, social y ecológica, con ocasión de la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Echeverría Molina Judith Sofía
Published: August 2021

El artículo presenta un análisis de las disposiciones transitorias emitidas por el Gobierno de Colombia y la Comisión de Regulación de Agua Potable y Saneamiento Básico, en relación con los servicios públicos domiciliarios (SPD), en desarrollo de la declaratoria del Estado de Emergencia Económica, Social y Ecológica en el territorio nacional, por motivo de la pandemia de covid-19. Luego de explicar el alcance de las disposiciones emanadas del Ejecutivo, la investigación plantea como objetivo central analizar los retos y oportunidades para la implementación de políticas públicas, las cuales deben ser redireccionadas a partir de las experiencias que deja el distanciamiento social. La metodología utilizada consistió en el análisis e interpretación de las normas de excepción expedidas por el Gobierno, frente a las disposiciones constitucionales y legales que regulan los SPD. Se concluye que, primero, es posible hacer cambios en la política pública de spd en el caso de los servicios de agua potable y saneamiento básico y, segundo, se consiguió que las personas empezaran a hacer una asociación necesaria: la relación entre el consumo con el precio de los servicios.
La armonización legislativa como instrumento de solución de conflictos en la Comunidad Andina
Authors: Blanco Alvarado Carolina
Published: August 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo es identificar la importancia de la armonización legislativa en la Comunidad Andina (CAN). Para el efecto, se considera que la referenciada armonización es un instrumento capaz de solucionar problemas de orden económico, social, político y jurídico, en el marco de las competencias compartidas entre la CAN y los países miembros. La metodología de investigación empleada fue de carácter cualitativo, ya que analiza, sin cálculos numéricos y atendiendo la dogmática teórica existente sobre el particular, el papel de la armonización legislativa en el marco de la CAN. Lo anterior desde el método de investigación descriptivo, ya que el manuscrito contextualiza desde el análisis documental, la temática de investigación planteada. Se concluye, entre otras cosas, que la armonización legislativa constituye un instrumento jurídico capaz de simplificar el contexto normativo de los países miembros de la CAN.
Complementary effects of coenzyme Q10 and Lepidium sativum supplementation on the reproductive function of mice: An experimental study
Authors: Rahimi Asl Fatemeh , Khosravi Maryam , Hajikhani Ramin , Solati Jalal , Fahimi Hossein
Published: August 2021

Background: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and Lepidium sativum (LS) have therapeutic effects on infertility.
Objective: To evaluate the combined effects of LS and CoQ10 on reproductive function in adult male NMRI mice.
Materials and Methods: Eighty three-months-old male mice (35–40 gr) were divided into four groups (n = 10/each): control (treated with water), CoQ10-treated (200, 300, and 400 mg/kg/body weight), LS-treated (200, 400, 600 mg/kg/body weight), and co-treated (LS [600 mg/kg/body weight] + CoQ10 [200 mg/kg/body weight]) groups. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and gonadotropin realizing hormone (GnRH) levels were measured using ELISA method. The sperm quality was assessed using Sperm Class Analyzer® (SCA) CASA system and GnRH mRNA expression levels were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results: The number of sniffing and following behavior was significantly higher in LStreated (400 and 600 mg/ml/body weight) groups than the control group (p = 0.0007 and p = 0.0010, respectively). The number of mounting and coupling behaviors was significantly higher in the CoQ10 (300 and 400 mg/ml/body weight)-treated animals than the control group (p = 0.0170 and p = 0.0006, respectively). Co-treatment of CoQ10 (200 mg/ml/body weight) and LS (600 mg/ml/body weight) significantly increased all aspects of sexual behaviors as well as the levels of serum testosterone (p = 0.0011), luteinizing hormone (p = 0.0062), and follicle-stimulating hormone (p = 0.0001); sperm viability (p = 0.0300) and motility (p = 0.0010); and GnRH mRNA levels (p = 0.0016) compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The coadministration of CoQ10 and LS significantly improves the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and enhances the reproductive parameters in adult male mice.
Key words: Lepidium sativum, Coenzyme Q10, Infertility, Male reproductive function.
Correlation of calprotectin serum levels with degrees of endometriosis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Muharam Raden , Saiful Rizal Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Background: Endometriosis is closely associated with delayed diagnosis due to the lack of a definitive and sensitive noninvasive approach. The use of calprotectin in inflammatory process has been demonstrated in various inflammatory diseases. Calprotectin has a significant correlation with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs- CRP) and could be used as an inflammatory marker. No study thus far has evaluated the correlation between calprotectin and endometriosis.
Objective: To determine the correlation of calprotectin with the degree of endometriosis in order to help clinicians in establishing better early detection and management.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 46 women referred to the Cipto Mangunkusumo, Fatmawati, and Persahabatan Hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia between July 2017 and April 2018 were enrolled, and their blood serum were taken a day before surgery. Calprotectin serum level was treated using the Phical® ELISA method. After the diagnosis of endometriosis was confirmed through pathological examination, the final diagnosis of endometriosis could be established. The degree of endometriosis was classified according to the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) classification.
Results: The prevalence of minimal, mild, moderate, and severe degrees of endometriosis were 15.2, 39.1, 34.8, and 10.9%, respectively. The median serum calprotectin levels for minimal, mild, moderate, and severe endometriosis were 138.98, 121.49, 124.16, and 122.82 mg/mL, respectively. No correlation was observed between calprotectin and the degrees of endometriosis (r = –0.16, p = 0.278).
Conclusion: There is no correlation between calprotectin serum levels and the degrees of endometriosis.
Key words: Calprotectin, Endometriosis, C-reactive protein, Inflammation.
Effects of multiple doses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist on the luteal-phase support in assisted reproductive cycles: A clinical trial study
Authors: Eftekhar Maryam , Mirzaei Maryam , Mangoli Esmat , Mehrolhasani Yasamin
Published: August 2021

Background: The effect of adding gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist on the luteal phase support in assisted reproductive technique (ART) cycles is controversial.
Objective: To determine the effects of adding multiple doses of GnRH agonist to the routine luteal phase support on ART cycle outcomes.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study included 200 participants who underwent the antagonist protocol at the Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd, Iran, between January and March 2020. Of the 200, 168 cases who met the inclusion criteria were equally divided into two groups – the case and the control groups. Both groups received progesterone in the luteal phase, following which the case group received GnRH agonist subcutaneously (0/1 mg triptorelin) zero, three, and six days after the fresh embryo transfer, while the control group did not receive anything. Finally, chemical and clinical pregnancy rates, number of mature oocytes, fertilization rate, total dose of gonadotropin, and the estradiol level were determined.
Results: The baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. No significant difference was observed between embryo transfer cycles. Clinical results showed that differences between the fertilization rate, chemical and clinical pregnancies were not significant.
Conclusion: The results showed that receiving multiple doses of GnRH agonist in the luteal phase of ART cycles neither improves embryo implantation nor the pregnancy rates; therefore, further studies are required.
Key words: Luteal phase, GnRH agonist, ART, Pregnancy rate.
The influence of men’s masculine gender-role attitude and behaviour on sexual relationships and reproductive health in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Endut Noraida , Bagheri Reyhaneh , Azwan Azmawati Azman , Hashimah Mohd Hashim Intan , Hafizah Selamat Nor , Mohajer Leila
Published: August 2021

Background: This article is an extension of previous research on masculinity and sexual and reproductive health using a newly developed local masculinity scale, KANITA Masculinity Scale, to study men’s masculine gender-role attitude and behavior in Malaysia.
Objective: To explore how Malaysian men’s masculine gender-role attitude and behavior influence sexual relationships and reproductive health.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used the localized genderequitable men scale to measure the attitude of Malaysian men toward sexual relationships and reproductive health. A questionnaire survey was administered to a sample of 168 men of ages 20–64 yr, in Malaysia. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS version 3.2.6.
Results: The findings of the study showed that men’s traditional behavior and controlling nature are positively associated with the inequality in sexual relationships (p < 0.05, t = 1.838; and p < 0.05, t = 3.750, respectively) and reproductive health (p < 0.05, t = 2.196; and p < 0.05, t = 4.133, respectively). In other words, men who offer stronger endorsement of traditional behavior and control over women report more negative condom attitude and greater priority of men’s desire in sexual relationships. In contrast, there was no significant relationship between men’s response to family and feminine roles in men with sexual relationships and reproductive health.
Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of considering traditional masculinity ideology when considering the role of men in sexual relationships and reproductive health. Our findings suggest gender transformative policies and programs seeking to inspire men for more gender-equitable relationships with their partners.
Key words: Attitudes, Masculinity, Gender-role, Sexual health, Reproductive health, Malaysia.