bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental health prevalence and care access among U.S. adolescentsduring the COVID-19pandemic:
Results from the National Survey of Children’s Health
Authors: Xu Lei , Luo Huabin , Lu Wenhua , Talwar Divya
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The growing mental health problems among children and adolescents’ countries to be a public health concern in the US. And such concerning trend was exacerbated by the COVIVD-19 pandemic and has led to a mental health crisis among the youth. Using a national representative sample, we accessed the impact of COVID-9 on mental health and access to mental health care access among adolescents.
Methods: Data were taken from the 2019 and 2022 National Survey of Children’s health (NSCH), an annually collected survey on the health and well-being of the children in the U.S..A total of 31,258 teenagers ages 12-17 years were included in this analysis. The two main outcomes were (1) mental health problems (yes/no), and (2) mental healthcare access (yes/no) in the past 12 months. We ran separate multiple logistic regression models to assess the changes in mental health problems and access to mental health care from 2019 to 2022.
Results: Overall, our results indicated a higher prevalence of mental health problems was reported in teenagers in 2022 (30.6% 95% CI: 29.4-31.9%) than in 2019 (26.9%, 25.2-28.6%) (p=0.001). In the mental health problems model, adolescents who are “Non-Hispanic Black”, “parents with higher education levels” and those “who experience childhood adverse events” were found more likely to have mental health problems (all p<.001); In the access to mental healthcare model, we found that adolescents girls were more likely to have got access to mental health care than boys (AOR=2.15, 95% CI:1.80-2.58). Adolescents from “families with higher income”, “with insurance coverage”, “with adverse childhood experiences”, “living in the neighborhood with more amenities and “living in urban areas” were more likely to have accessed mental health care than their counterparts. (all p<0.05).
Conclusions: We found the prevalence of mental health problems in children increased while the prevalence of access to mental health care decreased from 2019 to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This trend should be closely monitored. And special efforts are needed to help those children who are affected.
The impact of chronic intermittent hypoxia on enzymatic activity in memory-associated brain regions of male and female rats
Authors: Mabry Steve , Bradshaw Jessica L. , Gardner Jennifer J. , Wilson E. Nicole , Sunuwar Janak , Yeung Hannah , Shrestha Sharad , Cunningham J. Thomas , Cunningham Rebecca L.
Published: December 2024

Background
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an intermittent hypoxia disorder associated with cognitive dysfunction, including learning and memory impairments. There is evidence that alterations in protease activity and neuronal activation as associated with cognitive dysfunction, are dependent on sex, and may be brain region-specific. However, the mechanisms mediating OSA-induced cognitive impairments are unclear. Therefore, we used a rat model of OSA, chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), to investigate protease activity (e.g., calpain and caspase-3) and neuronal activation (early growth response protein 1, EGR-1) in brain regions associated with learning and memory. We used a rat model of OSA known as chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) to investigate protease activity (calpain and caspase-3) and neuronal activation (early growth response protein 1, EGR-1) in brain regions associated with learning and memory.
Methods
Male and female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to CIH or room air (normoxic) for 14 days. We quantified protease activity and cleaved spectrin products, along with EGR-1 protein expression in hippocampal subregions (CA1, CA3), cortical regions [entorhinal cortex (ETC), retrosplenial cortex (RSC), cerebellar cortex (CC)], and subcortical regions [raphe nucleus (RN), locus coeruleus (LC)] associated with learning and memory. Within each group, Pearson correlations of calpain activity, caspase-3 activity, and EGR-1 expression were performed between brain regions. Sex differences within normoxic and CIH correlations were examined.
Results
CIH dysregulated calpain activity in male ETC and female CA1 and RSC. CIH dysregulated caspase-3 activity in male RN and female CA1 and RSC. CIH decreased calpain and caspase-3 cleavage products in male ETC. CIH decreased calpain-cleaved spectrin in male RSC but increased these products in female RSC. EGR-1 expression was decreased in male and female RN. Correlational analysis revealed CIH increased excitatory connections in males and increased inhibitory connections in females. EGR-1 expression in males shifted from negative to positive correlations.
Conclusions
Overall, these data show that CIH dysregulates protease activity and impairs neuronal function in a brain region- and sex-dependent manner. This indicates that males and females exhibit sex-specific vulnerabilities to mild OSA. These findings concur with our previous behavioral studies that demonstrated memory impairment in CIH-exposed rats.
Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Regulatory Mechanisms of Lignans Biosynthesis in the Genus Polygonatum
Authors: Shi Guangdi , Wan Xiaolin , Lan Demiao , Xiao Qiang
Published: December 2024

By integrating metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, our study unravels the regulatory mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis of lignans in the plant genus Polygonatum. As a perennial herb of the Liliaceae family, Polygonatum boasts rhizomes that are rich in polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, sterols, and amino acids—micronutrients that contribute to its essence-nourishing, antioxidant, and anti-aging properties. These rhizomes have a positive impact on memory enhancement, blood glucose and lipid reduction, and immune system strengthening. Lignans, as secondary metabolites in plants, play a pivotal role in plant defense against pests and stress, and exhibit a range of pharmacological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant effects.Focusing on Polygonatum sibiricum Red and Polygonatum kingianum var. grandifolium, our research delves into the transcriptional and metabolic mechanisms of lignan biosynthesis. We discovered that transcription factor families such as GARP-G2-like and SET may be crucial in regulating the lignan synthetic pathway within the rhizomes of Polygonatum. Additionally, we identified 17 lignans, with significant differences in the content of nine, particularly the marked expression variation of Cycloolivil-6-O-glucoside between the two Polygonatum species.Our findings not only fill a gap in the field but also offer guidance for molecular breeding, underscoring the significance of lignans in Polygonatum and providing theoretical support for enhancing the plant's stress tolerance and resistance to pests and diseases. We recommend further in-depth exploration of the metabolic and regulatory mechanisms of Polygonatum lignans to inform the development of new Polygonatum varieties with high quality and lignan content.
Nutrition and Rare Diseases: A Case Study of Patients with Acute Intermittent Porphyria (AIP)
Authors: Granata Francesca , Vigna Luisella , Pierro Elena Di , Piontini Alessandra , Duca Lorena , De Luca Giacomo , Fustinoni Silvia , Fracanzani Anna Ludovica , Stefano Valeria Di , Graziadei Giovanna
Published: December 2024

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by acute attacks often triggered by porphyrinogenic drugs and a low-glucose diet. According to recent findings, chronic symptoms persist in AIP patients. To avoid the symptoms, patients often adopt preventive strategies such as increasing glucose intake, suggesting that nutrition is a crucial aspect of disease management. Given the strong connection with AIP and glucose, we assessed anthropometric data, biochemical data and nutritional evaluation, in 16 AIP females and hypothesized that an increase in glucose consumption may lead to an imbalance in nutrition and metabolism. The results indicated that 14 out of 16 patients consumed high levels of simple sugars and saturated fatty acids (SFA), leading to overweight conditions (BMI > 25) in 50% of patients. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) showed excess fat mass in 64% of patients aged 30–49 years and 40% of patients aged 51–70 years; these results were more accurate than those obtained using BMI alone. Excessive intake of simple sugars and SFA resulted in elevated blood LDL levels in 36% of younger patients and 80% of older patients. Although the dietary intake of HDL was low, its levels were above normal and positively correlated with age (r = 0.56, p = 0.02). Over hydration, indicated by an elevated ECW/TBW ratio, was positively correlated with cortisol levels (r = 0.67, p = 0.008), suggesting metabolic stress. To summarize, excessive consumption of simple sugars and SFA affects the body composition and biochemical markers of AIP patients, emphasizing the need for nutritional support to prevent metabolic syndrome and manage chronic symptoms.
Restoring Mitochondrial Quantity and Quality to Reverse Warburg Effect and Drive Tumor Differentiation
Authors: Ye Jiangbin , Jiang Haowen , Tiche Sarah , He Clifford , Liu Junyan , Bian Fuyun , Jedoui Mohamed , Forgo Balint , Islam Md Tauhidul , Zhao Meng , Emengo Pamela , He Bo , Li Yang , Li Albert , Truong Anh , Ho Jestine , Simmermaker Cathyrin , Yang Yanan , Zhou Meng-Ning , Hu Zhen , Svensson Katrin , Cuthbertson Daniel , Hazard Florette , Xing Lei , Shimada Hiroyuki , Chiu Bill
Published: December 2024

Reduced mitochondrial quality and quantity in tumors is associated with dedifferentiation and increased malignancy. However, it remains unclear how to restore mitochondrial quantity and quality in tumors, and whether mitochondrial restoration can drive tumor differentiation. Our study shows that restoring mitochondrial function using retinoic acid (RA) to boost mitochondrial biogenesis and a mitochondrial uncoupler to enhance respiration synergistically drives neuroblastoma differentiation and inhibits proliferation. U-13C-glucose/glutamine isotope tracing revealed a metabolic shift from the pentose phosphate pathway to oxidative phosphorylation, accelerating the TCA cycle and switching substrate preference from glutamine to glucose. These effects were reversed by ETC inhibitors or in ρ0 cells lacking mtDNA, emphasizing the necessity of mitochondrial function for differentiation. Dietary RA and uncoupler treatment promoted tumor differentiation in an orthotopic neuroblastoma xenograft model, evidenced by neuropil production and Schwann cell recruitment. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the orthotopic xenografts revealed that this strategy effectively eliminated the stem cell population, promoted differentiation, and increased mitochondrial gene signatures along the differentiation trajectory, which could potentially significantly improve patient outcomes. Collectively, our findings establish a mitochondria-centric therapeutic strategy for inducing tumor differentiation, suggesting that maintaining/driving differentiation in tumor requires not only ATP production but also continuous ATP consumption and sustained ETC activity.
Bactericidal potency of Zinc oxides (ZnOs) in comparison with other antibacterial agents against ophthalmic infections associated Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Munir Sidra , Mazhar Syed Abdullah , Ali Nazish Mazhar , Chaudhry Maham , Wasif Marriam , Riaz Samreen , Andleeb Saiqa
Published: December 2024

Background: In recent years, eye infections have become a widespread medical issue, which may be partially attributed to the rising number of contact lens users.
Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize and identify the microbes involved in corneal infections. There is a major public health problem regarding eye infections, especially in contaminated environments.
Methodology: Eye swab samples were collected from Fatima Memorial Hospital (FMH), Lahore. The samples were inoculated on Mannitol salt agar (MSA) isolate pure colonies of Staphylococcus aureus. After isolation of pure strains of bacteria, their pathogenicity was assessed using a Blood Agar test. Strains exhibiting beta hemolysis were selected and evaluated for their susceptibility to various antibiotics, green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) derived from different plant extracts, and also again different plant extracts. The pathogenic strains that showed the sensitivity against antibiotics, plant extracts and green-synthesized silver nanoparticles were sent for molecular characterization.
Results: Four isolated strains demonstrated beta hemolysis that is the indication of pathogenic Staphylococcus aureusstrains, which are associated with eye infections. The Zones of inhibition were then noted against various, green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) derived from different plant extracts, antibiotics and certain plant extracts by some bacterial strains, while others displayed resistance. The accession numbers of the pathogenic strain of S.aureus were received that showed sensitivity against antibiotics
Conclusion: The advancement of an effective and available treatment could enhance global public health consequences. Improved accessibility to treatments may result in well health results, especially in areas where eye infections are common but progressive medical interventions are restricted.
Effect of Plant Derived Ashes in the Sustainable Alkali Activated Binder Mortars
Authors: Feezanuddin Mohammed , Marupadige Suchit Kumar , Rahim A. Abdul , Kannan Kai
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the scavenged Teak Leaf Ash (TLA) and Parthenium plant ash (PA) to be used as partial replacements with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) in the making of Alkali Activated Mortars (AAMs). This research encourages the use of agricultural waste in construction for its sustainability benefits. The chemical characterization of the TLA and PA was done using XRF, EDS whereas the structural analysis was done using SEM and XRD techniques. The mortars were synthesized by varying the NaOH molarity (2M, 4M, 6M and 8M) and replacement ranges from 2.5% to 10% to evaluate their mechanical as well as microstructural properties.
The peak compressive strength was reached at a replacement of 2.5% with a 6M activator exhibiting strong C-S-H and C-A-S-H gel embedding for structural strengthening. The XRD analysis of the samples indicated a shift in peak positions as well as increased crystallinity with soaks, the SEM images also confirmed the densification of the microstructures of the sample at 28 days. The results present an opportunity of utilizing the provisions of TLA and PA in reduction of industrial material exploitation, utilization of agricultural wastes, high strength eco-friendly AAMs. The strategy therefore permits the achievement of the aims of construction in the 21st century, that is, green construction technologies.
ПЕРЕОТКРЫВАЯ ФЕНОМЕН И.Н. СРЕДНЕГО-КАМАШЕВАУЧЕНЫЙ КАК СОЗДАТЕЛЬ ФИЛОСОФСКОЙ ВЕРСИИИСТОРИКО-НАУЧНОГО ЗНАНИЯ
Authors: Алеврас Н.Н.
Published: December 2024

Активный период творческой деятельности малоизвестного и полузабытого ученого-гуманитария И.Н. Среднего-Камашева, окончившего в 1826 г. Московский университет, пришелся на время интенсивного поиска историками смысла истории как науки. Для историографии Средний-Камашев был открыт лишь в конце XIX в. В современной науке интерес к его фигуре поддерживается упоминанием его имени в рядах первых историков исторического знания, отдельными суждениями о его взглядах и, что переизданием основных сочинений. Но специального анализа их содержания, как и авторской концепции, не предпринималось. Осуществляя очередное погружение в историю науки в целях идентификации фигуры ученого как представителя российской историко-научной мысли, автор статьи предлагает толкование его историко-философской версии развития человечества на основе анализа взаимосвязанных между собой основных его произведений: статьи «Взгляд на историю как на науку» и диссертации «О различных мнениях об изящном».

The period of creative activity of a half-forgotten and little-known scholar I.N. Sredniy-Kamashev, who graduated from Moscow University in 1826, coincided with a time of intensive searches by historians for the meaning of history as a science. Historiographers only discovered Sredniy-Kamashev in the late 19th century. In modern science, interest to his figure is supported by the mention of his name among the first historians of historical knowledge, by individual judgments about his views and, importantly, by the republishing of the main works. But a special analysis of their content, as well as the author's concept, has not been undertaken. Carrying out another immersion in the history of science in order to identify the figure of the scientist as a representative of Russian historical and scientific thought, the author proposes an interpretation of his historical and philosophical version of the development of the humanity.  For this, the author of this article analyzed the major works by the historian: the series of articles entitled "A View of History as a Science", and the dissertation "Different opinions about the elegant".
РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ ЛЮДОВИКА XIVВ ТАНЦЕВАЛЬНОМ ИСКУССТВЕОТ ПРИДВОРНОГО БАЛЕТА К КОРОЛЕВСКОМУ БАЛЕТУ
Authors: Сидоренко М.А.
Published: December 2024

Придворный балет как жанр французского музыкального театра появился в конце XVI в. За последующие десятилетия короли Франции не раз использовали танцевальные постановки для формирования своего позитивного общественного образа. Однако лишь с началом самостоятельного правления Людовика XIV эти спектакли стали по-настоящему эффективным инструментом репрезентации монаршей власти. Они способствовали в проведении королем придворной политики, направленной на «одомашнивание» дворянства, и в формировании репрезентативного образа, породившего впоследствии миф о Короле-Солнце. Какие изменения претерпел придворный балет с появлением Людовика XIV на сцене, как балетной, так и политической?

The court ballet as a genre of French musical theater appeared at in the late 16th century. In later years French kings used dancing productions more than once to create their positive social image. But since the adult rule of Louis XIV these performances became effective tool of crown representation. They helped the king carry out the policy of thedomestication of nobles and to form his representative image, which gave rise to the myth of the King-Sun as this nickname. What were the modifications in the court ballet when Louis XIV appeared in the ballet and political scene?
Analysis of trends in the structure of higher education market of European countries
Authors: Artyukhova Nadiia , Vorontsova Anna , Artyukhov Artem , Yehorova Yuliia , Vasić Sergej , Rubanov Pavlo , Vasylieva Tetiana
Published: December 2024

The structure of the higher education market in 2012–2021 in 38 European countries was analyzed using concentration levels and Herfindahl-Hirschman indices based on the number of higher education institutions and their share in the QS World University Rankings, and the number of students. This market in 2021 has a low concentration: the 3 countries with the largest number of higher education institutions (Germany, Ukraine, France) covered about 36% of the market in total; the 3 countries with the largest number of universities in the QS (United Kingdom, Germany, Italy) – 5%; the 3 countries with the largest number of students (Germany, France, United Kingdom) – 37%; and the 3 countries with the largest number of foreign students (United Kingdom, Germany, France) – 5%. Using parametric and non-parametric comparison tests, it was found that although the number of higher education institutions and students does not generally depend on the population’s income level, the number of universities ranked in the QS and foreign students does. The correlation analysis revealed that GDP and GNI, population, and separately the employment and unemployment rates (for ranked universities and foreign students) are important factors that determine the uneven structure of the higher education market. The identified factors formed the basis for clustering countries using Ward’s hierarchical method, which revealed the clear existence of 3 clusters: the smallest of them accumulates the 4 largest European economies with the most ranked universities; the largest (24 countries) is quite diverse, which indicates relatively equal opportunities in the market and its unification.
Acknowledgment Tetiana Vasylieva and Artem Artyukhov thank project 0122U000772, and Nadiia Artyukhova thanks project 0124U000545 for carrying out their part of this research.
PHILOSOPHICAL COMPREHENSATION OF VIRTUAL REALITY OR TIME FOR VIRTUAL REALITY
Authors: Chkheailo Iryna
Published: December 2024

The development of computer and media communication technologies and the Internet create a variety of virtual reality. Virtual reality can be characterized as an ontological, anthropological, psychological, cultural and technological phenomenon and a type of symbolic reality. It opposes the obvious experience and constructs other dimensions of everyday life. At the same time, the events of today (war, epidemics) have made our lives truly virtual and actualized the very philosophical understanding of virtual reality. Virtual reality today is becoming part of the worldview of a modern person, and therefore, in the authors’ opinion, another formulation of the problem is more promising and interesting: virtual reality as real or virtual reality.
EVOLUTION AND IMPACT OF THE CYNICAL WORLDVIEW FROM ANTIQUITY TO MODERNITY
Authors: Atroshenko Viktoriia
Published: December 2024

The evolution and influence of the cynical worldview in society from antiquity to the present has been analyzed. Key stages of cynicism’s development, starting from the ancient philosophical school of the Cynics, have been identified. Its connection with nihilism and skepticism is highlighted. The impact of cynicism on the critique of social and moral norms, as well as on the formation of modern social thought, is revealed.
Future Envisaged by Young Population as Predictor of Demographic Behavior: Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Belova Elena , Sinkovskaya Irina , Lukina Antonida , Kvitkovskaya Sofiya
Published: December 2024

The current demographic situation in Russia leads to its negative population growth, which makes it necessary for sociologists and psychologists to study the demographic behavior of young people, i.e., their attitudes to family, marriage, and children. Such studies could possibly predict further trends in population reproduction, as well as to choose an effective state demographic policy regarding human capital. The authors studied the image of the future as viewed by young people in relation to their demographic behavior. They systematized various interdisciplinary studies to create a theoretical and methodological background for empirical research that would eventually result in an efficient demographic policy for the region. The interdisciplinary approach demonstrated good prospects. Cognitive studies provided a better scientific understanding of the future envisaged by young people. Sociology and psychology yielded empirical indicators to describe the image of the future. The prospective research scheme included objective and subjective factors behind important life decisions as seen by young people, e.g., health, social, and financial status, as well as local infrastructure, institutional resources, values, locus of control, social and individual well-being, etc. In general, a well-designed youth and social policy might be able to change the productive demographic patterns in young population.
Automação no dia a dia: uma sequência didática para aprender enquanto soluciona problemas
Authors: BARTH VIEIRA LUCIANO , ALVAREZ PEIXOTO JOÃO
Published: December 2024

Este produto educacional, cujo título é “Automação no dia a dia: uma sequência didática para aprender enquanto soluciona problemas”, objetiva ser uma ferramenta didática, que proponha um passo a passo fundamentado na teoria de aprendizagem baseada em projetos (ABPj) para solucionar um problema real vinculado ao cotidiano dos estudantes. Apresenta uma sequência didática que servirá como referência aos professores de disciplinas técnicas, no contexto da automação.
Sección general de los números 1 y 2 del volumen 23 (2024)
Authors: Martínez Dueñas William Andrés
Published: December 2024

En la editorial del número 1 de este volumen hicimos una breve introducción al dossier enfocado en trabajos etnográficos, incluyendo artículos publicados en este número (ver editorial 23-1). En esta oportunidad, presentamos los artículos de la sección general de los números 1 y 2 del volumen 23 (2024), que incluyen trabajos en varias áreas de las ciencias sociales y las humanidades. Estos estudios abarcan diversas regiones de Colombia, como la Amazonía, la región andina y el Caribe, así como trabajos que nos traen experiencias de Argentina y Perú. Las contribuciones exploran una variedad de problemáticas contemporáneas desde perspectivas socioculturales, económicas y políticas, con temas como el yajé, la neorruralidad, la migración, la paz y el patrimonio.
Comunicación no verbal en la educación remota: una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Castillo Gil Cecilia Isabel
Published: December 2024

La educación, en pandemia, sufrió grandes transformaciones debido al traslado rápido y sin mayor preparación, de una enseñanza presencial a una remota. Se requirieron nuevas formas de comunicación para mantener el interés, la motivación y la participación del estudiante en clase.  Por lo tanto, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar las bases teóricas vinculadas con la comunicación no verbal y la educación remota a partir de una revisión bibliográfica de 60 artículos publicados en bases de datos como Scopus, Scielo, Dialnet, Google Académico, realizados entre los años 2020 y 2022 en el ámbito de la educación superior, de los cuales se seleccionaron 26. Como resultado se encuentran la necesidad de un mayor conocimiento del docente de los diversos aspectos de la comunicación no verbal, a través del ordenador, para evitar comportamientos que se conviertan en barreras para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.  Entre las principales conclusiones se establece que la comunicación no verbal ejerce una gran influencia en la recepción del contenido, la participación y el involucramiento del estudiante.
The Effect of Two Different MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate) On Thermal Insulation
Authors: Akkus Gizem , Salmaz Ecem , Ozdas Didem Oner
Published: December 2024

Background

The heat generated due to polymerization in deep cavities can lead to irreversible damage to the pulp. The aim is to evaluate the effect of two different Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) on the insulation of heat transmitted to the pulp in-vitro.

Methods

This study utilized an apparatus consisting of Teflon molds connected to a digital thermometer with a thermal probe (ENDA-ET4420®-PID-SISEL-TURKEY-ISTANBUL). The temperature difference during the polymerization process (20 and 40 seconds) with light-cured glass ionomer (Fusion-i-Seal®-Prevest-DenPro) was recorded using light-curing devices Elipar (Elipar-S10/3M-ESPE, St.Paul, MN, USA), WoodPecker-LEDB, and WoodPecker-LEDB/Discrete (KejuMed.Prod., Foshan, China) as the control group (non-MTA group). The same procedure was also conducted for MTA Group1 (MTA-FORTE, PyraxPolymers, India) and MTA Group2 (Biofactor MTA, Imicryl, Turkey) by placing them underneath light-cured glass ionomer. The data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS-Statistics-22 software.

Results

There was no significant temperature difference between MTA1-MTA2 groups in the Elipar used groups, and the temperature differences in all groups were above 5.5°C. In MTA1, the temperature difference at 20,40 seconds, and in MTA2, the temperature difference at 20 seconds with the Woodpecker/Discrete light-curing device was significantly higher. In MTA2, the temperature difference at 40 seconds with the Woodpecker light-curing device was significantly higher.

Conclusion

MTA, regardless of the type and usage of the light device used during polymerization in deep cavities, serves as an important insulator to protect the pulp from heat.
Banana's Treasure Trove: Unlocking the Nutritional and Medicinal Power of Musa Varieties"
Authors: Basak Mrinmoy , Laskar Moksood Ahmed , Mandal Santa , Ahmed Shiny , Das Priyam Jyoti
Published: December 2024

This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the Musa genus, focusing on
its significance, diversity, cultivation practices, commercial applications, and impact on health and
well-being. The introduction highlights the economic importance of the Musa genus, particularly
bananas, and plantains, as globally consumed fruit crops. It emphasizes their role in food security,
poverty alleviation, and rural development. The classification and diversity of Musa species are discussed,
with a focus on recent advancements in understanding their genetic diversity and evolutionary
history. The geographical distribution and cultivation practices of Musa varieties are explored,
including major production regions in India and worldwide. The article also delves into the various
bioactive compounds found in Musa varieties, their potential therapeutic uses, and their significance
in wound healing, anti-cancer activity, and diabetes management. The commercial applications of
Musa varieties in the food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries are highlighted. Furthermore,
the safety and adverse effects of Musa varieties are addressed, drawing from toxicological
studies. The importance of Musa varieties in promoting health and well-being is emphasized, considering
their medicinal properties, nutritional composition, cultural significance, and potential for
commercial applications. The article concludes by highlighting the need for further research and
utilization of Musa varieties to maximize their benefits and contribute to human health and wellbeing.
The role of job satisfaction in mediating the relationship between family conflict, volunteer management, and employee performance at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara 3
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, University of Prima Indonesia, North Sumatera, Indonesia, Syaifuddin Syaifuddin , Lie Darwin ,   Faculty of Economics, University of Prima Indonesia, North Sumatera, Indonesia, Lubis Fajar Rezeki Ananda ,   Faculty of Economics, University of Prima Indonesia, North Sumatera, Indonesia, Novirsari Emma ,   Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mahkota Tricom Unggul, North Sumatera, Indonesia, Nasib Nasib ,   Department of Management, Institute of Bisnis Informasi Teknologi dan Bisnis, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

This study examines the role of job satisfaction as a mediator in the relationship between family conflict, volunteer management, and employee performance at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara 3. Family conflict often acts as a stressor, impacting employee well-being and performance, while volunteer management within organizations can enhance motivation and engagement. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires from 350 permanent employees with over 10 years of service, assuming long-term tenure fosters a strong connection to the organization. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the data, with the questionnaire designed based on specific indicators for each variable. The findings aim to provide actionable recommendations for managing family conflicts and volunteer activities, emphasizing the importance of job satisfaction in improving employee performance.
A Remotely Delivered Light-Intensity Physical Activity Intervention for Older Cancer Survivors: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Blair Cindy K , Brown-Glaberman Ursa , Walters Scott T , Pestak Claire , Boyce Tawny , Barriga Laura , Burgess Ellen , Tawfik Bernard , Killough Cynthia , Kinney Anita Y , Demark-Wahnefried Wendy , Meisner Angela L , Wiggins Charles L , Pankratz V Shane , Davis Sally
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Older cancer survivors face age- and treatment-related comorbidities, including physical functional impairment, which are exacerbated by physical inactivity and sedentary behavior. Regular physical activity can reduce this risk, yet less than 30% of older cancer survivors meet the recommended guidelines for physical activity.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe the design, methods, and rationale for a remotely delivered intervention that uses a whole-of-day approach to physical activity in older cancer survivors. This approach focuses on the accumulation of intermittent bouts of light-intensity activity throughout the entire day by disrupting and reducing sedentary activity. The intervention was guided by social cognitive and self-determination theories and incorporated motivational interviewing.

METHODS

The 12-week Move for Your Health trial randomly assigned 64 older cancer survivors to a theory-based physical activity intervention or a waitlist control. A Fitbit (Google) activity tracker and smartphone app were used to promote awareness of activity levels and enable self-monitoring of both activity and inactivity in tandem with health coaching phone calls. Motivational interviewing was used to engage participants and tailor strategies to achieve goals during the 12-week intervention. Data were collected at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at longer-term follow-up (3 months thereafter). Feasibility outcomes included recruitment, retention, adherence, adverse events, and acceptability. Other outcomes included obtaining the parameter estimates for changes in physical function, physical performance, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and quality of life.

RESULTS

Recruitment for the Move for Your Health randomized controlled trial was completed in June 2023. Data collection was completed in March 2024. Data analyses are ongoing.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this trial will provide information on the feasibility of implementing this intervention in the target patient population, as well as data that will provide information about the potential impact of the intervention on the outcomes. Both of these outcomes will inform the design of a larger randomized controlled trial to more fully test a physical activity intervention in an older cancer survivor population.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05582889; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05582889

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/59504
Comment on “The Effectiveness of Remote Exercise Rehabilitation Based on the "SCeiP" Model in Homebound Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: Randomized Controlled Trial” (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Siqi , Chen Tielong
Published: December 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

We read with great interest the study by Xu et al.¹ examining the use of the “SCeiP” model to guide exercise rehabilitation in patients with coronary artery disease. The authors assessed the feasibility of a personalized exercise rehabilitation program informed by the “SCeiP” model and suggested that telehealth interventions could enhance both patient adherence to exercise prescriptions and their overall understanding of rehabilitation. As social workers, we attach paramount importance to the role of cardiac rehabilitation training in improving patients’ quality of life. Even with low participation rates, such interventions continue to yield significant benefits. Nonetheless, certain limitations merit further consideration.
Adoption of a Digital Health Tool for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment in Primary Care: Facilitators and Challenges (Preprint)
Authors: Nieto Omar , Rosen Allison D , Kalmin Mariah M , Li Li , Shoptaw Steven J , Jenkins Steven P , Zarei Ardestani Zahra , Tulu Bengisu
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The United States is facing an opioid overdose epidemic resulting in an unprecedented number of preventable deaths. The use of medications including buprenorphine and methadone have proven effective for opioid use disorder (OUD), but many patients struggle to stay in treatment. Novel solutions, such as digital health tools, offer options to increase retention in treatment, maximize treatment benefits, and prevent overdose deaths.

OBJECTIVE

Using a mixed methods approach, we investigated facilitators and barriers to utilization of a third-party digital health platform called Opioid Addiction Recovery Support (OARS) to aid OUD treatment engagement and adherence in a primary care setting.

METHODS

Patient and provider utilization of OARS was observed for ten months and summarized using descriptive statistics. Differences in utilization were assessed using Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Additionally, key informant interviews were conducted with providers that prescribe medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and their support staff to understand the facilitators and barriers to implementation. Qualitative data were analyzed using a Coding Reliability Thematic Analysis approach.

RESULTS

Among 205 MOUD patients invited to use OARS, 158 patients signed up and 60 used it more than once. Patients whose provider had entered their information into OARS viewed test results (p<0.05), progress (p<0.01), and educational content (p<0.05) more days than patients without information in OARS. There was no difference in OARS utilization for patients who were and were not actively engaged in MOUD treatment. Providers and support staff reported that OARS increased patient-provider communication and allowed patients to better track their overall MOUD treatment. They also recognized challenges in integrating OARS with the electronic health record (EHR).

CONCLUSIONS

Findings from this study suggest that digital health tools can be beneficial for both patients and providers because they have the potential to increase patient-provider communication, support patients’ ability to track their own progress, and enhance providers’ ability to identify patients at risk for relapse. The primary barrier to utilization for providers was the lack of integration between OARS and the EHR. Future research is needed to determine ways to routinize use of digital health tools in MOUD treatment, primarily by solving technical and organizational challenges associated with EHR integration. Findings show digital health tools do not diminish outcomes when implemented in opioid treatment clinics.
Biomarker Panels for Predicting Progression of Kidney Disease in Acute Kidney Injury Survivors
Authors: Menez Steven , Kerr Kathleen F. , Cheng Si , Hu David , Thiessen-Philbrook Heather , Moledina Dennis G. , Mansour Sherry G. , Go Alan S. , Ikizler T. Alp , Kaufman James S. , Kimmel Paul L. , Himmelfarb Jonathan , Coca Steven G. , Parikh Chirag R.
Published: December 2024

Key Points

Clinical characteristics and biomarkers after hospital discharge can predict major adverse kidney events among AKI survivors.

Clinical impact plots based on parsimonious prediction models illustrate the potential to optimize post-AKI care by identifying high-risk patients.

Background

AKI increases the risk of CKD. We aimed to identify combinations of clinical variables and biomarkers that predict long-term kidney disease risk after AKI.

Methods

We analyzed data from a prospective cohort of 723 hospitalized patients with AKI in the Assessment, Serial Evaluation, and Subsequent Sequelae of AKI study. Using machine learning, we investigated 75 candidate predictors including biomarkers measured at 3-month postdischarge follow-up to predict major adverse kidney events (MAKEs) within 3 years, defined as a decline in eGFR ≥40%, development of ESKD, or death.

Results

The mean age of study participants was 64±13 years, 68% were male, and 79% were of White race. Two hundred four patients (28%) developed MAKEs over 3 years of follow-up. Random forest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator penalized regression models using all 75 predictors yielded area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69 to 0.91) and 0.79 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.90), respectively. The most consistently selected predictors were albuminuria, soluble TNF receptor-1, and diuretic use. A parsimonious model using the top eight predictor variables showed similarly strong discrimination for MAKEs (AUC, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.90). Clinical impact utility analyses demonstrated that the eight-predictor model would have 55% higher efficiency of post-AKI care (number needed to screen/follow-up for a MAKE decreased from 3.55 to 1.97). For a kidney-specific outcome of eGFR decline or ESKD, a four-predictor model showed strong discrimination (AUC, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.96).

Conclusions

Combining clinical data and biomarkers can accurately identify patients with high-risk AKI, enabling personalized post-AKI care and improved outcomes.
Миграции в г. Элисту в годы восстановления Калмыцкой АССР и возвращения калмыков из мест депортации. 1957–1963 гг.
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (8, I. K. Ilishkin str., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Belousov Sergey S.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The period from 1957 to 1963 is an important period in the history of the city of Elista. In 1957 the autonomy of the Kalmyk people was restored, the statute of the capital city of the republic was returned to Elista, and the city itself received a powerful impetus for its further development. Since the city did not have its own resources for reconstruction, financial and other types of material assistance played the main role in this process from the state and population migrations organized by it. The great importance that population migrations had for Elista, the largest city in Kalmykia, makes it necessary to study this aspect in the past life of the city, which, moreover, was not specifically studied. The study aims to highlight the migration policy of the state during the years of the restoration of the republic and the most massive migrations in the history of the city, to show their impact on the development of the city. The article was prepared on the basis of documents of the state authorities of the Kalmyk ASSR, stored in the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. The research was carried out based on historical-comparative and historical-genetic research methods. Results. In 1957–1963, there was a sharp surge in population migrations in Elista, caused by the restoration of Kalmykia as an administrative-territorial entity in 1957 and the granting of the city the legal status of its capital. The state allocated large funds for the restoration and further development of the socio-economic structure of the city, but there was a shortage of personnel and labor resources in general for the development of capital investments. To solve this problem, the authorities attracted Kalmyks returning from places of deportation to the city, conducted recruitment among workers from other subjects, invited military personnel demobilized by their army, and sent graduates of vocational schools to the city. As a result, the shortage of workers was largely overcome, which made it possible in 1964 to abandon new mass organized relocations to the city. Conclusions. The massive influx of population in 1957–1963 had a great impact on the demographic, social and national structure of the population. The population of Elista has increased dramatically, especially among young people, which has improved the demographic indicators of citizens, their social composition has changed, which has transformed into an urban one, the city has turned from a mono-national into a multi-national one.
Механизаторский всеобуч и комсомол (на примере общественного движения за создание тракторной колонны «Комсомолец Калмыкии»)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., Elista 358000, Russian Federation), Okonov Baatr A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The article attempts to highlight the process of mass training in machine-building specialties of the rural population in the Kalmyk ASSR, which, due to the lack of agricultural machinery, resulted in a public movement for the creation of a tractor column "Komsomolets of Kalmykia". The purpose of the study, based on published and unpublished sources, is to highlight the role of the Komsomol in conducting mass training in machine-building specialties in the Kalmyk ASSR. Materials and methods The source base was the materials of the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. The analysis of archival materials was carried out using such methods as periodization, which provided an opportunity to trace qualitative changes in the process of forming a social movement and an analysis of the main trends and contributions of participants in the movement for the creation of the Komsomolets Kalmykia tractor column. Results and conclusions. The article shows the situation in agriculture on the eve of the mechanized general education in the Kalmyk ASSR. Special attention is paid to the contribution of both direct participants in the movement and collective farms, state farms and districts to the fund of the Komsomolets Kalmykia tractor column. The author concludes that a significant increase in the number of agricultural machinery and the introduction of new models required comprehensive training in rural areas. During the period of the mechanization general education in Kalmykia, thousands of boys and girls in villages received mechanization specialties. Due to the shortage of new samples of agricultural machinery, Komsomol members proposed to create a fund for the Komsomolets Kalmykia tractor column. The result of the movement for the creation of a tractor column was the provision of the necessary machine and tractor fleet for educational enterprises. At the same time, throughout the 1970s, the problem of leakage of mechanized personnel persisted.
Сравнительная остеометрическая характеристика населения энеолита и ранней бронзы степного Поволжья
Authors:   Samara State Socio-Pedagogical University (65/67, Maxim Gorky St., 443000 Samara, Russian Federation), Grigorev Artem P.
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of a comparison of the osteometric characteristics of the Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age (EBA) series by comparing descriptive statistical data and using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. On the one hand, there is a significant difference between the relatively mesomorphic Khvalynsk Eneolithic population and the extremely massive skeletons from the Yamna culture of the Volga region. On the other hand, the EBA group has similarities with the Neolithic-Eneolithic series from the Dnieper-Don region. This result provides additional support for the hypothesis that the Yamnaya culture population originated in the Dnieper-Don area. The descendants of Mariupol Neolithic population or groups occupying the western fringe of the Khvalynsk-Sredny Stog Eneolithic cultural region likely served as the substrate for the development of the Yamnya population. The paper also examines environmental factors that influence the variability of the postcranial skeleton. Increased aridization in the climate during the early Bronze Age is assumed to have led to a reorientation of economic activities towards mobile cattle breeding. This, in turn, is expected to result in increased physical activity among the population and the introduction of a new protein source in the diet through dairy products. These changes could explain the increased hypermorphism of the skeletal remains of people from the Yamnaya culture.