bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is Dietary Knowledge a need of final-year medical undergraduates for better clinicians in future?
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Omar , Hafeez Zahid , Tariq Usama , Rashid Saqib , , Muneeb Muhammad Muneeb
Published: January 2024

Background: A healthy diet is essential for good health and nutrition. Health professionals are considered role models in promoting healthy diet patterns. However, in a few studies, it was evident that most physicians have inadequate training in dietary knowledge to guide patients, although final-year students have better knowledge than first-year students, which shows nutrition care improved with progression through their medical training. Aim: To assess the dietary knowledge of final-year medical students and to assess their attitudes toward the importance of dietary counseling as practicing physicians in the future. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore, on final-year MBBS students of Shalamar Medical and Dental College. After the approval of SMDC-IRB (IRB-197), data was collected in the form of study proforma by the final-year students of SMDC using their WhatsApp contacts. Those who responded were considered participants in the study, while those who did not respond after the second reminder were considered excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS package version 20.0. To access differences in means of quantitative variables, independent samples t-tests and one-way ANOVA tests were applied. The correlation was analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient. The statistical methods were verified, assuming a significance level of p < 0.05 and a highly significant level of p<0.001. The total score for knowledge, attitude, and practice was categorized as good/positive or poor/negative based on a 75% cut-off point out of the total expected score for each. Results: The 134 students participated in the study. Male students were found to be more overweight or obese compared to female students (p<0.025). M The majority of students rated their self-reported health as good. To explore the knowledge, responses to questions related to cardiovascular problems, diabetes, respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and anemia were recorded. Almost three-fourths of the students were aware of the major health issues. According to 773% of students, iron present in meat is a better source of iron compared to vegetables. A similar response was found for gluten-rich diets. More than 90% of the students considered dietary knowledge an essential component for better clinical care of the patient. Conclusion: Final-year MBBS students, though adequately trained, consider that having additional dietary knowledge can help them in counseling patients about diet. Keywords: Nutrition, diet intake, food knowledge, medical education, medical students
Outcome of Iron Deficiency Anemia in patients presenting with Breath Holding Spellsat Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar
Authors: Abbas Muhammad , Muhammad Bakht , Ali Amjad , . Wasimullah , Gul Mujtaba , Malook Abid
Published: January 2024

Aim: To ascertain the course of iron deficiency anemia in patients who presented to OPD and wards with breath-holding episodes. Methodology: From June 19 through December 18, 2019, the pediatrics department of Lady Reading Hospital in Peshawar conducted this study with ethical committee approval. The study included all kids aged 1 to 5 years, both genders, and those who had Cyanotic Breath spell lasting two or more episodes. Children with Cyanotic congenital heart disease, a history of febrile convulsions or epilepsy, anticonvulsive therapy currently being used, delayed children, and malnutrition in the past were not included in the study. Results: In our 161 patients, the average age was 2.671.811, the average weight was 12.913.33kg, and the average length of illness was 6.834.24 months. Males made up 94(58.4%) and females 67 (41.6%) of the patient population, while PICA children made up 72(44.7%). Iron deficiency anemia was present in 87(54%) of the patient population, but not in 74(46%), who had it. PICA children and children who were breastfed exclusively had a significantly higher correlation with iron deficient anemia. Conclusion: It is highly typical for patients who experience breath holding spells to have iron deficient anemia. These patients should receive an accurate diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia and treatment to soothe the parents' concerns and limit the frequency of unneeded hospital visits. Key words: iron deficiency anemia, breath holding spells, PICA child
Translation and Validation of FLACC scale in Urdu Language
Authors: Omer Aatika Khalid , Waqas Shoaib , Tariq Muhammad , Akram Hassan Bin , Mughul Muhammad Waqas , Faisal Somia
Published: January 2024

Aim: To translate and validate FLACC scale in Urdu language Methods: At the Ghurki Trust and Teaching Hospital (GTTH), cross-cultural linguistic validation research using non-probability convenient sampling was carried out for 7 months, from July 2021 to January 2022. Two native Urdu speakers with sound English language understanding, one from medical background and second from educational background translated the English FLACC scale. Two English-certified linguists who did not have access to the English version subsequently reverse-translated these two versions into English. These Urdu translations and back translations were critically analyzed and reviewed by a committee of paediatric physical therapists and paediatric clinical practitioners, and a final Urdu version was prepared. After approval of the final translation, this Urdu FLACC scale was applied in the post-operative paediatric population to assess its validity and reliability. After 2 hours, bilingual subjects were administered the English version, while others were again assessed with the Urdu FLACC scale to check linguistic interchangeability and test-retest reliability. Informed consent was taken and documented as well; this study was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. SPSS version 26 was used for data entry and as well as analysis. Inter-rater reliability was evaluated by using Intraclass correlation coefficients, which determines the strength of association and measure of chance-corrected agreement. The construct validity of the FLACC tool was evaluated by using ABC of content validation and content Validity Index Calculation. Results: The mean age and standard deviation of patients was 5.333+1.5599. The ABC of Content Validation Index, which yielded an average proportion of 0.97. The Cronbach’s alpha of translated FLACC scale is 0.701 when applied on population. Intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.319-0.701 with acceptable reliability. Conclusion: The FLACC scale's translated Urdu version shows good validity and reliability. Key terms: Consolability, Pain, Preverbal population, Validity, Reliability, neonatal ICU
Incidental Findings of Papillary Carcinoma in Thyroid Observing patients of Previously Operated Clinical Specimens of Multinodular Goiter
Authors: Zafar Ifrah , Samad Afra , Haroon Amber , Naz Aneeqa , Bukhari Aqsa , . Fayyaz , . Nudrat
Published: January 2024

Background: Papillary carcinoma is one of the common malignancy among all thyroid malignancies and constitutes about 57-75%. In most of cases this lesion is an incidental finding in biopsies specimens operated for MNG. But the incidence of papillary carcinoma in the setting of various thyroid disorders including MNG remains unclear. Hence, we conducted a study of five years from 2017 till 2021 to address this question. Aim: To rule out the incidence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) especially associated connection with MNG Methodology: From retrospective study carried out in the pathology department of Ibne-Sina Hospital, Multan, the date of 631 cases of thyroid carcinomas were retrieved. All the patients underwent different thyroid surgeries. Data regarding the age, gender, clinical diagnosis as well as pathological diagnosis was recorded and results were analyzed on SPSS 25. Results: We reviewed 631 cases of thyroid and included in the analysis. Overall, n=558 cases were operated with clinical diagnosis of MNG. Among them, 54(10%) cases were reported as papillary carcinoma on the basis of histopathological examination. Conclusions: Incidentally discovered papillary thyroid carcinomas are more commonly identified in surgical specimens from cases with MNG. These findings highlighted the high risk of malignancy in MNG emphasizing on the fact that the carcinoma should never be underestimated as majority of these patients were presented with clinically diagnosis of MNG. Keywords: MNG, papillary thyroid carcinoma, malignancy
Frequency of PPHN in Neonates Having Confirmed Diagnosis of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
Authors: Abbas Sumbal , Jameel Madiha , Awan Nagham Nawaz , Karim Sumera Abdul , Anwar Maha
Published: January 2024

Background: Optimal oxygenation, avoidance of respiratory and metabolic acidosis, normal blood pressure, sedation & pulmonary vasodilator treatment are among the management techniques for persistent pulmonary1hypertension of the newborn. Aim: To find frequency of PPHN in neonates having confirmed diagnosis of meconium aspiration syndrome. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Methodology: Total 240 neonates who fulfilled inclusion criteria were enrolled from Pediatrics Medicine Ittifaq hospital Lahore after getting informed consent form parents or attendants. Basic information like gestational age, gender, birth weight, APGAR score at 7 minutes, mode of delivery were taken (on antenatal record). All cases with confirmed diagnosis of MAS were underwent 2D Echocardiography and PPHN were diagnosed as per operational definition. All diagnostic procedure was done by a single consultant cardiologists. SPSS 20.0 was utilized to analyze the data. For quantitative data, mean and standard deviation were provided, while frequencies and percentages were provided for qualitative factors. Post stratification Chi-square test was applied taking p-value ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: The mean birth weight was 3211.02±412.10 grams with min & max birth weight as 2500 and 3882 g. The mean APGAR score was 7.95±1.41. There were 85(35.4%) cases who had PPHN while 155(64.6%) cases did not have positive diagnosis of PPHN. Conclusions: It was concluded that frequency of PPHN in neonates having confirmed diagnosis of meconium aspiration syndrome is very high. So early screening during antenatal visits and adopting preventive strategies can only minimize the risk of meconium aspiration syndrome thus preventing PPHN. Keywords: Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid
To Compare Frequency of Complications of 18 Gauge Needle with 16 Gauge Needle in patients undergoing Renal Biopsy
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad , Naseer Sana , Shahbaz Muhammad , Imran Muhammad , Nabi Ijaz , Sheikh Nouman Hameed
Published: January 2024

Aim: To compare frequency of complications of 18 gauge needle with 16 gauge needle in patients undergoing renal biopsy. Duration of study: 6 months i.e.01-07-18 to 31-12-18 Method: Randomly allocated by a computer generated random number. Sample size was 560 patients. Two equal groups A and B. 16 gauge needles were used in A and 18 gauge needles were used in B each with 280 cases. Ultrasound guided biopsies were done. An automatic biopsy gun was used. The patients were instructed to lie on bed on their back for 4-6 hours post procedure. All the information was collected on a specially designed Performa. Result: Complications of patients undergoing renal biopsy shows perinephric hematoma in 6(2.14%) cases in A and 9(3.21%) cases in B with p value 0.43, macroscopic hematuria in A is 5(1.79%) cases and 3(1.07%) cases in B with p value 0.47. Retroperitoneal hemorrhage was recorded in 3(1.07%) cases in A and no case in B and p value was 0.08. Conclusion: Both 16 gauge needle and 18 gauge needles are equally effective in renal biopsy in terms of less complication (peri nephric hematoma, macroscopic hematuria and retroperitoneal hemorrhage). Keywords: Renal biopsy, 16 gauge needle, 18 gauge needle, perinephric hematoma, retroperitoneal hemorrhage
Translation and Validation of Childhood Healthcare Assessment Questionnaire in Urdu Language for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Ashraf Zuhab Bin , Waqas Shoaib , Dar Rida Khawar , Tariq Muhammad , Tabassum Muhammad Nouman , Sherazi Qurat Ul Ain
Published: January 2024

Aim: To translate and validate Childhood Healthcare Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) in Urdu language and assess its psychometric properties for cross cultural adaptation. Methods: The Childhood Healthcare Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) was translated into the target language of Urdu by two independent translators, one of whom was familiar with the questionnaire's concept while the other was not, and the two translations were then compared as part of a cross-cultural linguistic validation study. These two initial translations of the questionnaire were blindly reversed, and the results were compared1. The pre-final version of the translated version underwent thorough psychometric testing in a sample of 38 members of the target population (parents of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis at Ghurki Trust and Teaching Hospital, Lahore) who satisfied the inclusion requirements. The final version was reviewed by an expert panel. Parents' prior approval was obtained before testing. Results: The Cronbach’s alpha for the Urdu version of CHAQ was calculated as 0.993 after testing on the population showing excellent internal consistency. For test-retest reliability, Pearson correlation ranged from (0.378–0.956).The inter-item correlation of the Urdu version of CHAQ after applying to the targeted population has a mean value of 1.177, a minimum value of 0.056, a maximum value of 4.00, a variance value of 0.723, and a range of 3.944. The scale statistics have a mean value of 103.55, a variance of 1462.37, a standard deviation of 38.241, and a total number of items of 88.The intraclass correlation coefficient ranges from 0.606-0.993. Conclusion: The Childhood Healthcare Assessment Questionnaire in Urdu is a screening tool for parents of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis since it has adequate inter-item correlation values and great internal consistency. Keywords: Childhood Healthcare Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ), Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), Reliability, Validity, Cross-cultural adaptation
Information Professionals’ Use of Social Networking Sites in the time of Medical Emergency
Authors: Naeem Oumair , Hashmi Farhana Saeed , Farid Ghulam
Published: January 2024

Aim: To explore the most used Web 2.0 tools for health information during COVID-19, to identify the most used social media tool for health information during COVID-19 and to explore the type of health information explored on social networking sites Method: The present study specifically explored the librarians' approach to using social networking sites for the provision of information services. The present study measured librarians' use of social networking sites to provide health information quantitatively. For this purpose, a structured questionnaire was used to survey librarians of university libraries in Punjab.` Results: The results of the study validated that information professionals are keen and active in using social media for seeking out health information and also rely on more personal networks like WhatsApp. They searched for COVID-19-related information mostly other than fetching out general information. For this reason, we mostly relied on discussion groups, not random information-seeking. This shows their level of committed indulgence in these social media platforms, and they used their information literacy skills to seek health information. Conclusion: University librarians are an essential and vital element of any university, and they should be investigated in order to improve their services and resources to meet the demands of their users and researchers. Keywords: Health Information Seeking; Health resources, Social Networking Site; Covid-19
Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever: A Potentially Fatal Outbreak in Pakistan
Authors: Karim Imran , Shah Muhammad Iqbal , Shah Syed Zulfiquar Ali , Memon Shagufta Laila , Kanhyoon Allah Warayo , Jabeen Shafaq , Jahanghir Syed , Raza Samar
Published: January 2024

Africa, the Balkans, parts of the Middle East, and Asia are endemic for tick-borne Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF)1. The disease is more common in persons infected with Hyalomma ticks or who come in contact with sick cattle tissues after slaughter2. The virus, which has a high case-fatality rate, can cause epidemics in anyone who comes across infected bodily fluids and has caused health facility outbreaks.3The four illness load in Pakistan includes transmissible, not transmissible, mental disorders, and accidents. Additionally, some rising health problems are straining limited national healthcare resources. A good instance is Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF).CCHF-endemic countries fight the infection. A World Health Organisation statement stated that roughly 212 instances, 27 of them life-threatening, were documented in Iraq in 2022 among different governorates. CCHF-free nations still test ticks for the disease4. The Ministry of Health in France found the very first CCHF in Hyalomma ticks from livestock in the southern Eastern Pyrenees5. Ticks have been reported in the Mediterranean coast, especially Corsica. Spain has documented domestically acquired illnesses in humans since 2016, including in medical practitioners6. The first documented CCHF patient in Pakistan was identified in 1976, with the following isolated instances and epidemics7.
Short Stature as a Major Manifestation of Celiac Disease in Children 1-14 years of age at Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore
Authors: Javed Maria , Riaz Lubna , Tariq Asfand , Perveen Azka , Ali Amna Basharat , Javaid Aimen
Published: January 2024

Aim: To find the frequency of asymptomatic celiac disease in children with proportionately short stature. Methodology: This prospective study was carried out at the Department of Paediatrics, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. A total of 151 cases of proportionate short stature were selected according to selection criteria and informed consent. Their history, examination, and detailed demographics were recorded. They were tested for anti-Tissue Transglutaminase2 IgA antibody levels, and the results were interpreted. Results: Fifty (33.1%) were males and 101(66.9%) were females, with a mean age of 7.7±3.3 and a mean height of 106.9±17.0. Anti-TG2 IgA levels were positive in 15 (9.9%) patients and negative in 136(90.1%) patients. The frequency of asymptomatic celiac disease among proportionately short statures is 9.9%. Conclusion: The frequency of 9.9% cases of asymptomatic CD among children with pathologically proportionately short stature. Keywords: Extra-intestinal manifestations, Asymptomatic celiac disease, Short stature, Children
An Observational Study of Sexual Assault Statistics in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Mehreen , Naz Ramlah , Waseem Summaiyya , Waseem Farah , Rasool Raffat , Baig Ramsha Urooj
Published: January 2024

Background: Rape against women has been a prevalent issue in Pakistan ever since its founding, with 11 reported cases daily. A bill, known widely as the Protection of Women’s Act, 2006 was approved to ensure a secure environment for the women of Pakistan. Aim: To observe and analyze Zina-Bil-Jabr cases registered after the legislation of Protection of Women’s Act, 2006. Methodology: In this retrospective observational study, data were collected from three main medico-legal centres associated with the Police Surgeon Office in Karachi from 2005 to 2021. A total of 6,580 rape cases were brought to the medico-legal centres, with 2717 of them being the offender and 3863 of them being the victims. Result: Protection of Women’s Act, 2006, a downfall was observed in the cases till 2010, when the lowest number of cases of all years were registered as 66, while after that, an upward trajectory has been witnessed with a total of 902 cases in 2021, the highest of all recorded ones. Conclusion: The current status of rape victims in the country is alarming and points out the flaws in the practical application of the laws. Keywords: Sexual assault, Rape victims, Zina-Bil-Jabr
Peripartum Neurological Injuries and its Outcomes
Authors: Jamali Muhammad Ali , . Sania , Ramejo Bushra Begum , , Larik Awais Bashir , . Shazia , Shaikh Muhammad Munawer Ali
Published: January 2024

Aim: To study the peri-partum neurological injury and its outcomes. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Neurosurgery & Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Peoples Medical University Hospital, Nawabshah from 1st July 2022 to 30th June 2023. Methodology: Two hundred and fifty women having a high risk of neurological disorders were included. A high-risk pregnancy was defined with the one having increased threat to fetal morbidity as well as risk of disability presented through clinical symptoms of each case. Biochemical analysis using 5cc blood was conducted for testing positive free beta human-chorionic-gonadotropin in addition to neurological assessment and Doppler ultrasound. A well-designed questionnaire was adapted for extracting information regarding gravidity, parity, gestational hypertension and diabetes, complete clinical history including neurological symptoms, mortality rate mode of delivery and foetal disorders through modifying-ranking-scale of mother. Results: The mean age, gravidity and parity of the study participants was 29.33±1.2, 2.2±1.7 and 2.1±2.0 respectively. Significant number of neurological disorders was observed in before and after pregnancy. Majority of the participants were underwent C-section (62%). Highest ratio of full-term births were reported followed by preterm and abortion. There were 20% those cases who received severe headache post delivery time, on clinical diagnosis out of those 20% cases there were 3% those having subdural hematoma formation. Congenital disorders were observed in only 1 neonate. Obstetric and neurological profile of each patient with each neurological condition was also assessed. Conclusion: The neurological conditions were frequently reported during pregnancy. Seizures, migraine, cerebral venous and intracranial hypertension and sinus thrombosis were reported by majority of the study participants. Keywords: Neurology, Anesthesia, Pregnancy, Neuropathy
Reconstruction of Intra-Oral Defects with Submental Artery Flap: A Comparison of pN+ and pN0 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Khan Abdullah , Warraich Riaz Ahmed , Ali Sadiq , Rahim Ashfaq-Ur- , Nauman Muhammad , Kirmani Urooj
Published: January 2024

Aim: To compare the reconstruction of intra-oral defects with submental artery flap among pN+ and pN0 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Methodology: A comparative analytical prospective study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lahore, from January 1, 2022, to November 1, 2022. Fifty-five confirmed cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma were included. The inclusion criteria were based on oral cavity carcinoma patients presenting for tumour resection and reconstruction of the resultant defects with the submental artery flap. A pinch test was applied to estimate the flap width, wherein the flap length and skin paddle were designed in accordance with the defect size. Results: The mean age of the patients was 58.81±1.2 years, with a significant variance in the pN+ and pN0 patients below 60 years of age. There were 27 males and 18 females with primary treatment of T1–4 OSCC. The primary site of the tumour was observed to be highest in the tongue region in pN+ (52.17%) and pN0 (43.75%) cases, followed by the buccal mucosa, which presented with 30.43% of pN+ cases and 37.5% in pN0 patients. The majority of the patients had moderately differentiated tumours in pN+ (82.6%) and pN0 (56.25%) patients. Within the 55 cases for reconstruction with SAFs, there were 58.1% who had pN0, while 41.8% had pN+ presentation. In the pN0 patients, 96.8% did not have any recurrence, while only 1 patient had local or regional recurrence in the neck region. Conclusion: Vigilant neck dissection, in addition to suitable adjuvant treatments, does not increase the loco-regional recurrence risk in patients suffering from pN+ oral squamous cell carcinoma. Keywords: Lymph nodes, submental artery flap (SAF), reconstruction, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)
A Randomized Comparative Evaluation Of Effects Of Dexmedetomidine As An Adjuvant With Bupivacainein Supraclavicular Block In Crf Patients Undergoing Basilic Vein Transposition Surgery
Authors: Kalim Nazneen , Baloch Adnan Ali , Shafqat Nida , Kumar Vijay , Ahmad Zamir , Hassan Altaf
Published: January 2024

Aim: To compare analysis of bupivacaine in supraclavicular block with dexmedetomidine bupivacaine in supraclavicular block in chronic renal failure patients undergoing basilica vein transposition surgery. Methodology: Double-blind randomised control trial. Department of Anaesthesia, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, from September 1st, 2021, to February 28th, 2022 Seventy chronic renal failure patients undergoing elective basilic vein transposition surgery were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups, in which 35 patients in group A received bupivacaine (0.25%) in 28mL plus dexmedetomidine (1ug/kg) diluted to 2 mL, and 35 patients in group B were injected with bupivacaine (0.25%) in 28 mL plus 2mL of normal saline. Results: The mean time of onset of sensory blockade was comparatively higher in group B as compared to group A. Similarly, the onset of motor block time was also higher in group B as compared to group A, and the duration of motor block did not show any significant results between groups, and the duration of motor block was not statistically significant between groups [p = 0.404]. Conclusion: The combination of bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine appeared to be useful for onset time and prolongs the duration of analgesia in supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Dexmedetomidine, Supraclavicular brachial plexus block
Functional Constipation during Pregnancy
Authors: Zaman Salma , Bano Saeeda , Noor Khadija , Noor Khaula , Feroze Jamshid
Published: January 2024

Aim: To establish whether or not functional constipation is commonplace among pregnant women in our cultural setting. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal, from June 2022 to December 2022. Three hundred and forty pregnant women were identified using the reliable Rome III criteria and enrolled. Constipation-related knowledge and demographic information, including the treatment method used, were identified through a questionnaire. SPSS version 21 was used for the statistical analysis. Results: According to Rome Criteria III, 220(64.7%) pregnant women had functional constipation. Furthermore, the study described a statistically significant correlation (0.010) between the type of measure used to resolve constipation and experiencing functional constipation during pregnancy, with 26% of pregnant women using ispaghol. There is a statistically significant (p = 0.0001) correlation between functional constipation and awareness. Of the pregnant women in the present study who reported having functional constipation, 43% reported having good awareness about constipation and its consequences in pregnancy, while 30% reported being unaware of the fact (P = 0.010). Conclusion: Functional constipation during pregnancy is prevalent. Additionally, majority of the women had a good understanding of the dangers of constipation during pregnancy. Keywords: Pregnancy, Awareness, Constipation, Remedies
Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of A Novel Homozygous DNAJC3 Gene Variant in a Saudi family
Authors: Algahtani Hussein , Shirah Bader , Naseer Muhammad Imran
Published: January 2024

Combined cerebellar and peripheral ataxia with hearing loss and diabetes mellitus is an extremely rare neurodegenerative disorder affecting the central and peripheral nervous systems. The pathogenesis of widespread neurodegeneration in previously reported cases with homozygousDNAJC3mutations is proposed to be caused by a common etiology that is mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of mitigation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. In this paper, we reported a rare case of combined cerebellar and peripheral ataxia with hearing loss and diabetes mellitus in a Saudi family with a novel homozygous stop-gain mutation c.1177C>T p.(Arg393*) in exon 10 of the DNAJC3 gene, which creates a premature stop codon.The advances in genetic testing, including whole exome sequencing, have increased our knowledge of mitochondrial disorders, monogenic diabetes, and homozygous DNAJC3mutations phenotype who presents with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus and multiple symptoms and signs of neurodegenerative disease, DNAJC3mutation should be suspected. Keywords: DNAJC3; Combined Cerebellar and Peripheral Ataxia with Hearing Loss and Diabetes Mellitus; Autosomal Recessive; Mutation; Saudi Arabia.
Comparative Study on the Effects of Lignocaine Nebulization with I/V Lignocaine on Stress Response to Laryngoscopy and Tracheal Intubation
Authors: Baloch Adnan Ali , Kalim Nazneen , Hassan Altaf , Kumar Vijai , Ahmad Zamir , Shafqat Nida
Published: January 2024

Aim: To determine the frequency of any immediate side effects associated with the use of lignocaine in patients. Methodology: Randomized control trial. Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi from 1st December 2021 to 31st May 2022. Ninety patients enrolled for laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Patients were randomly allocated into three groups on the basis of the treatment. Thirty patients in group I was treated with 2% lignocaine 1.5mg/kg was given by intravenous route, 30 in group N was received 4% lignocaine 1.5mg/kg was given by nebulization and 30 in groups C treated as control group in whom normal saline placebo. The hemodynamic response and side effect was recorded in all patients. Results: The mean heart rate was not statistically significant among groups at baseline and 1 min, 3min to 8 min, while it was statistically significant at 2 min and 9 min among the groups. Mean atrial BP was statistically significant among groups during 2 min to 6 min and then 8 min. regarding immediate side effects, the frequency of side effects were lower in group N and group I than in group C. However, the rate of drowsiness, tremors, and hypoxia was significantly higher in group C compare to group N and group I. Conclusion: Lignocaine is a safe drug and proved to be safe and effective method for the improvement of hemodynamic response to intubation and laryngoscopy. Keywords: Lignocaine, Nebulization of 4%lignocaine, Hemodynamic response, Endotracheal intubation
An innovative approach to protect sucker rod pumps in sandy wells
Authors:   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan, Hajikarimova L. G. , Azimova E. Sh. ,   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: January 2024

The oil fields of Azerbaijan are composed mainly of weakly cemented and loose rocks. Practice shows that, as a result of the destruction of natural cementing material in the process of development, testing and operation of wells, solid mechanical particles arere moved from the reservoir. During the operation of wells with weakly cemented rocks, under the action of filtration forces, as a result of the movement of fluid from the formation into the well and the stress state of the bottomhole zone of the well, the rock skeleton of the productive formation isdestroyed. The flow of fluid from the bottomholezone is accompanied by the presence of mechanical particles. Mechanical impuritie screate big problems in the operation of down hole equipment, including the operation of sucker rod pumps. Mechanical impurities prematurely disable the main parts of the pump. Larg sand particles enter the gap between the plunger and the cylinder. Grains of sand falling in to the gap between the plunger and the cylinder either jam the plunger in the cylinder or increase the gap, resulting in increased fluid leakage from the pump. To prevent sand from entering the gap, a sand-catching device has been developed. The device is being introduced into Azneft Oil and Gas Production Department. As a result of the implementation, additional oil production was obtained. Keywords: Oil fields; Well; Downhole rod pumps; Sanding; Leakage; Plunger sticking; Cylinder; Sand catcher.
Pengaruh Risiko Audit Dan Risiko Bisnis Klien Terhadap Keputusan Penerimaan Klien Pada Kantor Akuntan Publik Di Jakarta
Authors: Rajagukguk Thetty Surienty
Published: January 2024

Abstract-This study intends to examine the effect of client business risk, audit risk, and auditor business risk partially and simultaneously on client acceptance decisions at public accounting firms. This study used primary data obtained using questionnaires as data collection instruments. Each partner or manager represents the public accounting firm where he works to fill out a questionnaire. The population in this study is a public accounting firm in Jakarta. The sample used in this study was saturated sampling. Data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis. The test results show that the client's business risk does not have a significant effect on the client's onboarding decision. Meanwhile, the auditor's business risk negatively affects the client's onboarding decision. The higher the auditor's business risk, the lower the level of client onboarding decisions.           
 
Keywords: Client Business Risk, Audit Risk, Auditor Business Risk, Acceptance Decision Client
THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF VIOLENT GAMING UPON PSYCHOPATHIC PERSONALITY AND BULLYING BEHAVIOR IN PROBLEMATIC SMARTPHONE USERS
Authors: Miran Arooj , Yaseen Faiqa , Jahangir Hira
Published: January 2024

A psychopathic personality is a pattern of traits linked to impulsivity, lack of empathy & propensity to indulge in criminal behavior. It is significantly associated with bullying behavior, especially among problematic smart users. Present study explored the role of violent games on psychopathic personality and bullying behavior. Using the purposive sample approach, data was gathered from 801 young smartphone users. The results indicated a high association between psychopathic personality characteristics and bullying behavior. The results of study provide important information in reaching the conclusion and making suitable decisions about phenomena under considerations. In this regard, the findings of moderation analysis revealed that association between psychopathic personality and bullying has become strongest with violent video games. The findings would also assist psychologists in forming support groups and educational campaigns that facilitate young adults about the negative impacts of violent games and excessive smart phone use on mental health and thus study provides clues for future research.
EXPLORING THE TECHNIQUES ABOUT COPING STRESS OF UNIVERSITY TEACHERS IN ACADEMIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Qadeer Farhana , Munawar Uzma , Haider Syed Zubair
Published: January 2024

This study examines the intricate landscape of stress coping mechanisms employed by university faculty, focusing upon evaluating, mitigating, and understanding the challenges within their academic milieu. So, this study aimed to examine these factors by targeting the lecturers, assistant and associate professors, and professors hailing from different universities. By using quantitative approach, survey was used by furnishing questionnaires aimed at objectives of the current study using a Likert scale. Unanimously, purpose of study is to determine coping strategies to overcome academic stress. The research also evaluates the main stressors & their repercussions on physical health of faculty members. Findings highlight major stressors: student behaviors, administrative interdependence, and inter-colleague bonding. Time management emerges as the critical issue. Coping strategies commonly adopted include spending quality time with family and friends, engaging in shopping, and avoiding stress-inducing activities. The study comprehends well-being of university faculty members and improves the academic environment.
The impact of intrinsic capacity and physical resilience on health outcomes: a case report
Authors: Perez Mariangela , Goulart Bruno , Zuchen Flavia , Fonseca Flávia Lopes , Lourenço Roberto Alves
Published: January 2024

Justification and objective: The physiological changes that accompany human aging increase the risk of disease and care dependence. To meet the health needs of older adults, care must go beyond diagnosing specific diseases and assess the impact of these conditions on functional capacity. The concepts of intrinsic capacity and physical resilience aim to explain the trajectory of various health outcomes in older adults. The case presented below illustrates the positive impact of intrinsic capacity, together with external resources, on the prognosis of an older patient during a catastrophic health event. Case description: A 91-year-old widower was diagnosed with severe dehydration, delirium, pneumonia, and a grade IV pressure injury after lying in his home for 6 days. He remained hospitalized for 87 days and was discharged with almost complete recovery of his functional capacity. Discussion: The main point of this case is the positive health outcome experienced by a nonagenarian patient given the severity of the events. From the perspective of intrinsic capacity, he was functionally independent, had good sensory function, excellent cognition and vitality, and his psychological status was positive. He is currently progressing towards complete functional recovery.
On Analysis of Growth of Plants
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State University, 23 Gagarin avenue, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia, Pankratov E. L. ,   2Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University, 97 Gagarin avenue, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
Published: January 2024

In this paper we introduce a model to describe growth of plants. Based on analysis of the model we analyzed dependence of growth of plants on several factors (temperature, air humidity, et al). We formulate recommendations to accelerate and deceler-ate of growth of plants. We also introduce an analytical approach for prognosis of the above growth.
Measuring Asymmetric Volatility of Bank Nifty Index using Egarch Model
Authors:   Assistant Professor, School of Management Studies, Gurunanak Institutions Technical Campus, Khanapur (V), Ibrahimpatnam (Telangana), India., Naresh Dr. Ch. , Kummeta Dr. Ravi Sankar ,   Associate Professor, School of Management Studies, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus, Hyderabad (Telangana) India., Ramanjaneyulu Dr. N. ,   Professor & Head, Department of MBA, Malla Reddy Engineering College (Autonomous), Secunderabad (Telangana). India.
Published: January 2024

The paper examines the significance of volatility models in forecasting future volatility for effective portfolio allocation and risk reduction. It compares the performance of symmetric and asymmetric models in estimating conditional variance, and linear versus non-linear GARCH models. Using secondary data from the National Stock Exchange's Nifty Bank index, the study applies Exponential GARCH (1,1) to measure asymmetric volatility and conducts various tests to confirm the suitability of the data for analysis. The results indicate clustering of volatility in Nifty Bank returns over a four-year period, with the presence of asymmetrical effects and leverage constants. The study concludes that negative information has a greater impact on volatility than positive surprises, and that market fluctuations are inversely related to stock market performance. This research provides valuable insights for portfolio selection, risk management, and asset pricing in the context of increasing volatility across various markets and industries.
OCCURRENCE OF PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE IN WOMEN: PREVALENCE, CONTRIBUTING FACTORS, AND IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: ISMAIL A
Published: January 2024

Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) stands as a prevalent health concern among women worldwide, characterized by the descent or herniation of pelvic organs, including the bladder, uterus, and rectum, into the vaginal canal. Objective: The primary aim of the study is to find the occurrence of pelvic organ prolapse in women and its prevalence, contributing factors, and impact on quality of life. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Catchment areas of Rural Health Centres Kangra and Kot Najibullah, District Haripur, Pakistan, from 1st November 2022 to 31st November 2023. Data was collected from 3284 women to find the pelvic organ prolapse in women and its prevalence, contributing factors, and impact on quality of life. The study comprised females diagnosed with various stages and types of POP, confirmed through clinical examinations, imaging studies, and documented medical history. Data was collected from 3284 female patients. The mean age of the patients was 54.01 ± 7.61 years. 60% of females are in the Pre-menopausal stage and 40% in the Post-menopausal stage. In managing Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP), treatment modalities varied in utilization and exhibited distinct outcomes. Non-surgical interventions were employed in 30% of cases, resulting in a notable 70% relief in symptoms and a high patient satisfaction rate of 65%. It is concluded that this is a substantial problem for the women affected, yet the majority of affected women did not seek medical care. Pelvic organ prolapse is highly prevalent in rural Pakistan, impacts women’s everyday lives, and remains mainly untreated.
Economic Growth and Policy Dynamics in Contemporary China: A Comprehensive Analysis and Future Outlook
Authors: Liao Shiyuan
Published: January 2024

The Chinese economy has grown dramatically over the past few decades. China's economic rise is particularly intriguing because it defies conventional economic models and has been driven by unique policies and dynamics. Nevertheless, in a world characterized by increasing protectionism, international trade tensions, and changes in investor sentiment, the sustainability of China's economic growth model has come into question. Chinese policymakers should navigate these shifts as investors reconsider their positions and countries protect their domestic industries. This paper investigates the policy dynamics that have contributed to the rapid economic growth in China. It also describes the various economic models that can describe the Chinese economic model. The paper reveals s that consumption, investments, and exports are the major drivers of economic growth in China. Consumption in retail sales is robust and is projected to keep increasing yearly into the future. Keynesian theory asserts that aggregate demand is the most important driving force in an economy. As such, the aggregate demand for consumer goods by government, businesses, and households is high in China. Investments are also a major driver in creating gross fixed capital. Investments from a neoclassical perspective show that investors are concerned with maximizing The conclusion shows that in a world where countries are increasingly protective of domestic industries and also where investors are withdrawing from China, policymakers will have to focus on internal growth and consumption as the driver of economic growth.
How Do Local Enterprises Give Full Play to Advantages and Transform into Internationalization A Case Study on Nongfu Spring
Authors: Chen Lingxi , Du Yalin , Jing Haoze
Published: January 2024

Under the trend of economic globalization, international trade is becoming increasingly frequent. Many benefits such as natural resources and technology can be pursued by enterprises. This means that enterprises can gain more opportunities in the international market. Internationalization of enterprises is an opportunity for further development, whether it is demand financing, improving technology, or expanding market size.Chinese enterprises do not have a first-mover advantage due to their late exposure to the international market, so the methods and tactics of their international transformation are more important. This article takes Nongfu Spring, a cutting-edge enterprise in Chinas mineral water and tea beverage industry, as an example to summarize its successful experience in the Chinese market and its replicable advantages in international transformation. This article also provides a comprehensive overview of the overall internationalization process of Chinese enterprises and provides specific plans for the companys international transformation, providing valuable experience for the internationalization of other ethnic enterprises in China.
High-Frequency Volatility Modeling of Chinese Agricultural Products Market Based on Garch-Type Models
Authors: Liu Yao
Published: January 2024

The modeling of high-frequency volatility is of utmost importance in comprehending market dynamics and the characteristics of risk. The adoption of high-frequency volatility modeling in the agricultural sector has the potential to enhance risk management for food production enterprises through the utilization of hedging strategies to mitigate the impact of food price changes. The GARCH (Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity) class of models is well-suited for the analysis and prediction of volatility in financial time series. These models effectively capture the highest level of volatility observed in the time series data. Therefore, this research utilizes one-minute trade data of the Wind Agriculture Index (886045.WI) to examine the efficacy and predictability of several GARCH class volatility models. When it comes to fitting the data within the sample, the TGARCH model demonstrates superior performance compared to both the GARCH and EGARCH models. The fluctuations in the price changes of the Wind Agriculture Index exhibit characteristics of time variability and clustering, which can be attributed to the relatively low barriers for entry and exit in the agricultural planting sector. Simultaneously, within the agricultural market, an imbalance is observed whereby the influence of positive information on price volatility surpasses that of negative information.
Research on Enterprise Combination Accounting
Authors: Chu Xiaohan
Published: January 2024

With the development of the global economy and the intensification of competition, corporate mergers have become an important trend in the development of modern enterprises, and accounting, as an important part of enterprise management, has received wide attention. In China, corporate mergers adopt the purchase method and the equity combination method. This paper first compares the purchase method and the equity combination method through literature analysis, and secondly analyzes the financial status and operating results of corporate mergers under the two methods of accounting, and further proposes that the imperfect capital markets system and unreasonable goodwill recognition measurement process have an adverse impact on the accounting under the purchase method, and points out the decline in the quality of accounting information and the possible profit manipulation space under the equity combination method. This paper finds that goodwill is the main reason for the difference between the purchase method and the equity combination method, and for the asset scale and net profit of the merged enterprise, the results calculated by the purchase method are greater than the results calculated by the equity combination method.