bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring and Analysis for the Deformation of SMW Retaining Structures in Subway Station
Authors: Xia Jiang Tao , Zhang Shao Fei , Shen Hua Rong , Liu Ze Jun , Huang Shi Qing
Published: July 2014

The monitoring is carried out for deformation of the soil-mixing-wall structures used in Baijihu subway station. The horizontal displacement of deep soil is obtained, as well as the ground subsidence around the edges of the foundation pit. Their variation rules under the influence of some factors, such as soil excavation and support settings etc, is analyzed. The results show that during the process of SMW construction, it is necessary to monitor the horizontal displacement of deep soil and the ground subsidence around the edges of the foundation pit, especially during the early stage of excavation.
Influence of Foundation Pit Excavation on Existing Shield Tunnel and its Protection Range
Authors: Wen Xin , Pang Chen Rui
Published: July 2014

Taking a foundation pit in Nanjing as the background, a numerical model was established to simulate the dynamic process of foundation excavation by 2D finite element software. The influences of different factors on the displacement of the lateral shield tunnel during the foundation pit excavation are studied. The research indicates: when a foundation pit excavation is needed on the side of a shield tunnel, we should select the area in which the tunnel is buried deeper, control both the excavation volume and the distance between tunnel and pit, and try to avoid the excavation depth close to the buried depth of the tunnel. On the basis of numerical calculation, the protection range of the shield tunnels is determined according to different excavation depth of the foundation pits and different buried depth of the tunnels.
Study on Risk Trend Assessment of Metro Tunnel Crossing Underground Pipeline Based on Partial Connection Number
Authors: Xie Hong Tao , Li Bo , Zhao Yun Sheng
Published: July 2014

A model of risk trend assessment for metro tunnel crossing underground pipelines is proposed in this paper based on the partial connection number. This paper fully considered the certainty and uncertainty of the index and used "partial connection number method" to analyze the risk developing trend and its sort of metro tunnel crossing underground pipelines. A case study was performed on a metro tunnel engineering of Shenzhen Line 9. The results showed that this model considered the dynamic characteristics of risk, enriching the contents of risk assessment of underground engineering, which can provide a reference for the risk management.
Water Inrush Risk Evaluation into the Tanjiaba Tunnel
Authors: Sun Yi Bo , Feng Man Yao
Published: July 2014

The Tanjiaba tunnel lies in Hurongxi highway in Hubei Province. There are some middle karstified soluble rocks and a fish pool above the tunnel. To avoid the disaster of water inrush into the tunnel, risk evaluation is necessary to guide the construction. Fuzzy mathematics model is put forward to distinguish potentially dangerous parts along the tunnel. Use the fuzzy mathematics model differentiated the tunnel into 4 ranks of dangerous parts according to risk index. It is applied in the Tanjiaba tunnel and practice approves that the model are useful.
The Deformation Characteristics Analysis of Metro Tunnel in Complicated Geological Conditions
Authors: Qiu Dao Hong , Li Shu Cai , Xue Yi Guo , Xie Fu Dong
Published: July 2014

Qingdao Metro Line 3 is the first subway line in Shandong province, some tunnels need to cross water-rich sandy layers. At the time of passing through the water-rich sandy layers, how to maximum the deformation characteristics of the tunnel during excavation becomes the critical problem of the design and construction. This paper studies Qingdao Metro Line 3, directs at water-rich sand layer section YK16+382, with the use of on-site monitoring and measuring instruments, analyses the characteristics of ground deformation of the cross section. And we calculated the deformation by Flac3D numerical simulation in YK16+382 cross section, studied the arch and surface subsidence and convergence deformadon variation of convergence. Finally compare site monitoring measurement with numerical computational results and then we can get the convergence of arch and surface subsidence and convergence deformadon, provide theoretical guidance for the actual construction.
Impact of Urban Rail Transit on Residential Property Values in Hangzhou
Authors: Ruan Lian Fa , Yin Jing Ping
Published: July 2014

This research investigates the impact of the first metro line (Line 1) in Hangzhou on its station-area residential property values. A hedonic pricing model shows that Line 1 had a statistically significant and positive effect on residential prices in its operation period. Compared with its construction phase, the impact did not change significantly, indicating that metro rail transit had a long-term positive influence on the station-area property values. These findings suggest that such capitalization is likely to lead to high-density and transportation-oriented development. While planning the urban rail transit system, such impact should be fully considered.
Measurement and Research on Broken Zone of Surrounding Rock in Cha Zhen Tunnel
Authors: Wang Rui , Liang Yan , Qin Wei
Published: July 2014

The use of the Analysis and calculation with elastic-plastic theory and Deep displacement of surrounding rock measurement determine the distribution range on broken zone of surrounding rock in Cha Zhen tunnel ; it verifies The stability of surrounding rock and the design rationality of bolting parameters ;Providing a theoretical base for the setting on broken zone of surrounding rock supporting parameters.
Construction Monitoring Technology Analysis for Railway Tunnel
Authors: Hou Jin Fang , Chen Jun , Wang Rong Li
Published: July 2014

Based on the railway tunnel engineering, the research on comprehensive technological for the monitoring of tunnel construction is performed. It is shown that the deformation of wall rock would mainly suffer the comprehensive influence of multiple factors like type of the wall rock, construction method and supporting measures, size of the excavated section, etc. through the monitoring of the crown settlement, clearance convergence and ground settlement. The wall rock will be stable within 20d and 40d after the tunnel excavation. And the secondary tunnel lining could be constructed. Numerical simulation method was also adopted to analyze the deformation and stress of the wall rock. It is presented that the construction interval shall not be too long for the stability of wall rock. Therefore, the numerical analysis method and site monitoring method could be used together to achieve more comprehensive and reliable monitoring of tunnel construction.
Analysis on Changes of Mechanical Properties of Lining of Tunnels in Huangtu Regions Taking Account of Loess Cavity by Using ADINA
Authors: Zhou He Ping , Wang En Yong , Hu Yu Xia , Liu Zhi Qiang , Cui Jian Bo
Published: July 2014

In this article, we focused on changes of mechanical properties in lining of tunnel caused by loess cavity. We established a corresponding model and carried out numerical analysis by using finite element analysis software ADINA, considered the effect of different locations, different size of the cavity and depth of the tunnel. The results showed that change of the mechanical properties has the largest effect on the lining at the arch foot nearby the loess cavity, and it grows with the growth of the cavity‘s size and depth of the tunnel.
Non-Linear Free Vibration of Submerged Floating Tunnel Tether
Authors: Su Zhi Bin , Sun Sheng Nan
Published: July 2014

Taking the free vibration system of a submerged floating tunnel tether as research object, the non-linear free vibration equation was set up. By means of Galerkin method, the partial differential equation was transformed into a set of ordinary ones. The damping ratios of the first four modes were obtained after complex eigenvalue analysis. Subsequently, effects of inclination, sag, initial tension force and length of tether on its modal damping ratios were analyzed. The results show that inclination and sag of tether merely affect the damping ratio of first in-plane mode; they have no effect on the damping ratios of higher order in-plane modes and out of plane modes; the first in-plane modal damping ratio of tether is in direct proportion to its inclination, whereas in inverse proportion to its sag; the first modal damping ratio of tether (both in-plane and out of plane) is in direct proportion to its length, whereas in inverse proportion to its initial tension.
Reliable Design and Study on Highway Tunnel Lining Structure
Authors: Niu Ze Lin , Qi Yan Bo , Huang Jie Sheng , Wang Chao , Li Jun Lin
Published: July 2014

The article proposed the reliability calculation method for tunnel lining design combining Rock-Mechanics model and Monte Carlo finite element method.The reliability calculation model of tunnel lining structure design was established considering tunnel character. The types of the statistical characteristics and distribution of axial force for the big cross section of the loess tunnel structure had been summarized. The study result stated that the method is feasible. It has important theoretical guiding significance to the practice structure reliability design of tunnel and underground engineering.
The Example Analysis of the Transfer Stations of Subway
Authors: Yu Li Jie , Li Yong Ling , Chen Kuan Min
Published: July 2014

Two lines intersection is the common transfer manner of the subway. In order to analyze the characteristics and applicability of the two lines transfer manner, this paper analyzes different transfer stations of subways at home and abroad, and evaluate the current use of them, in the views of the form of the intersection of the lines (parallel and intersection), and the relative location between the lines and the stations. Then it summarizes the characteristics and applicability of the transfer manner. Finally, it gives advices of the choices of the two lines transfer stations in different situations.
Application of FEM Strength Reduction Dynamic Analysis in the Seismic Design of Reinforced Earth-Retaining Wall with Geo-Grid
Authors: Tang Xiao Song , Zheng Ying Ren , Jie Lai
Published: July 2014

Due to the special mesh structure, geo-grid material can avoid local subsidence of filling material, reduce uneven settlement of soil mass to the largest degree and improve the whole stability of soil mass, so the reinforced earth-retaining wall with geo-grid is widely used in engineering. Meanwhile, researches on its dynamic characters are not enough and it is hard to judge the whole stability of reinforced earth-retaining wall under seismic condition. When unstable failure happens, the location of failure surface can hardly be identified. These disadvantages have seriously limited the development of this supporting method and cause unsafe potentials for engineering. Based on the FEM strength reduction dynamic analysis and combined with practical engineering, the paper conducts stability analysis on the reinforced earth-retaining wall of geo-grid under seismic condition and the research achievements provide a new thinking for the seismic design of reinforced earth-retaining wall with geo-grid.
Peak Story Drift of a Building Structure Subjected to Earthquakes
Authors: Lin Jeng Hsiang
Published: July 2014

Many studies have demonstrated that the story drift is the critical parameter that is best correlated with damage in buildings. In this study, an approximate solution for mean value and standard deviation of peak story drift at each story of a building structure under earthquake motions was derived, based on random vibration theory. The accuracy was demonstrated by the Monte Carlo simulation solutions. Comparison of the computed results with the available simulation results indicates that the proposed solution is satisfactory. The results of numerical examples show that the period of a building structure plays a major role that affects the peak drift at each story. The peak drift at each story increases as the period of the structure increases.
Research Advances in Seismic Behaviors of Shear Wall with Opening
Authors: Gong Li Yan , Chen Jian Wei , Su You Po
Published: July 2014

In order to meet the requirements for using function of structure, openings are often needed to be laid out in shear wall, and the mechanical behaviors of the wall will be significantly influenced. The experimental analysis, establishment of simplified mechanical model and numerical simulation researches on shear wall with opening were reviewed, the research findings on shear wall with opening at home and abroad were summarized, and the seismic behaviors were induced and analyzed. The problems about seismic behaviors of shear wall with opening which need to be solved urgently were pointed out.
Analysis on Self-Centering Capacity of Prefabricated Frame Joints
Authors: Zou Yun , Lin Hui , Ma Wei Qiang
Published: July 2014

In order to research the self-centering capacity of prefabricated frame joints, this paper designed analysis models of prefabricated frame joint with the finite element software ABAQUS, contrastively analyzed seismic behavior of joint applied pretention and joint without pretention. Joint applied pretention is found to have better self-centering capacity. Then the paper calculated and analyzed the factors of stretching control stress, number of post-tensioned steel. The results show that number of post-tensioned steel has a greater influence on the seismic behavior of the structure, and the stretching control stress has influence in a certain range. The results have some degree of guiding significance for the popularization of prefabricated frame.
The Effect of Damping on Seismic Performance of Steel Frame
Authors: Wang Xin Wu , Hu Chang Jiao
Published: July 2014

To study the effect of damping on seismic performance of steel frame, using the pseudo dynamic test by inputting damping and no damping to analyze the seismic performance of semi-rigid steel frame. Analysis was focused on the effect of damping on the panel zone strain, story drift and interlayer force.The conclusion was that under the more severe earthquake, the structural damping had effects on the seismic performance of semi-rigid steel frame.
Study on Graphic Method for the Stability of High Loess Slopes Based on MATLAB
Authors: Hu Jian Chun , Gao Jian Yong , Chen Yan Xia
Published: July 2014

High loess slopes are easily unstable because of the water sensitivity of loess, therefore, the study on stability of high loess slopes is a very important task for water and soil conservation on loess plateau. Forcus on the inefficiency of current graphic method, after considering main influencing factors of stability of high loess slopes, such as lithology, topography, groundwater conditions, slope water content and seismic intensity, etc., on the basis of graphic method, an automatic table lookup program was developed, moreover, the interfaces of graphic method were compiled based on MATLAB platform, which could automatically generate plenty of obvious characteristics of slope data for further modeling.
The Influence Analysis of Mechanical Behavior between Pile and Soil on End Bearing Pile Foundation’s Dynamic Characteristic
Authors: Hu Wei , Zhang Ya Hui , Zhang Ying
Published: July 2014

Dynamic structural model of saturated soil was introduced, and combining with the finite element program, the finite-infinite element models of end bearing pile foundations was established. Four models of interface between pile and soil including absolutely jointed, slippage, crack, both slippage and crack were considered to study the interface’s effect on pile foundation’s dynamic characteristics. The results were as follows: the interface’s mechanical behavior has a little influence on the distributions of pile section’s shearing stress and horizontal displacement. Pile section’s shearing stress reaches the maximum near the ground surface when interface is slippage or crack, and reaches the minimum ones when interface is absolutely jointed. Horizontal displacement could be divided into two phases and the ground surface is the dividing line. The interface’s behavior greatly changes the distribution of acceleration time-history curve. To different models, the maximum acceleration all appears at the ground surface. On the whole, the interface’s behavior has significant influence on end bearing pile, which should be pay attention in the design from now on.
Analysis of Strong Ground Motion Characterization in the 2013 Lushan Earthquake
Authors: Yu Tian , Lu Ming , Li Xiao Jun
Published: July 2014

Lushan earthquake on 20th April, 2013 was another thrust fault earthquake occurred at Longmen Mountain Fault Zone after 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake. Based on ground motion attenuation model, this paper has chosen 45 strong motion records with rupture distance less than 200km, to analyze the hanging wall effect, topographic effect and rupture directivity effect of Lushan earthquake. The results show that hanging wall effect in Lushan earthquake was not obvious as 2008 Wenchuan earthquake; ground motion in mountain areas attenuated with increasing rupture distance more quickly than that in plain areas; rupture directivity effect is obvious for two components of horizontal ground motion, which are fault-perpendicular and fault-parallel components. PGA in the forward rupture area is larger than those in the backward rupture area. With the period increased, the gap between backward and forward rupture area become small, and finally PGD in backward rupture area is greater than those in the forward rupture area.
Development and Prospect of China's Bridge Seismic Bearing
Authors: Zhang Long , Zhao Can Hui , Li Liang , Fan Bing Bing
Published: July 2014

Since entering the new century, bridge techniques are developing rapidly in our country. When bridge seismic techniques had not reached a certain degree, seismic design of bridge bearings was rarely involved. However, since the amount of the bridges that had collapsed in earthquakes due to the bearings damage were becoming larger, in the design of bridges, seismic design in current bridges has been taken seriously.This paper mainly introduces several widely used seismic bearings and analyzes the structures and hysteretic characteristics of them and forecasts the development direction of seismic bearings.
Research on Shaking Table Control Parameter Tuning Technology Based on System Identification
Authors: Ji Jin Bao , Sun Li Juan , Zhan Peng Yun , Wang Ju Ke , Song Lin Lin
Published: July 2014

The control parameter of shaking table is one of the key elements which significant influence on the system control performance. An algorithm which uses the model of system identification to theoretically calculate the control parameter is put forward, and then obtains the optimal three-parametric control parameter based on theoretical calculation. Tuning algorithm can get more ideal control parameter and could be applied in shaking table TVC parameter self-tuning.
Analysis on Seismic Performance of Beam and Plate Converter Floor
Authors: Zhao Gen Tian , Kou Xu Ting
Published: July 2014

With the project case, the seismic performance of girder transfer floor member and the plate transfer floor member were discussed. Contrast calculation was carried out in girder transfer floor member and the plate transfer floor member with SATWE method to analyze its reasonable and unreasonable places. Based on overall structure calculation of a high rise building, the seismic design requirements for buildings applying thick transferring plate have been presented. The conclusion is that the seismic performance of girder transfer floor member is more advantageous and affordable, more convenient and more economical in ingredients.
Controls on Material and Mesh for Structural Nonlinear Time-History Analysis
Authors: Chen Xiao Ming , Duan Jin , Qi Hu , Li Yun Gui
Published: July 2014

 In order to improve the solution of nonlinear time-history analysis for high-rise buildings, the concrete constitutive relation of Chinese code has been modified by using Najar damage theory, and based on the limitation of stable time increment in explicit dynamic analysis, a simplified Rayleigh damping form with tiny stiffness proportional damping is proposed to decrease the damage induced by those high frequencies, at last, the influence of mesh size on stress and damage is also discussed. The numerical results show that these principles are workable for more accurate results.
Influence of Saturation Degree on Deamplification of P1 Wave through Multilayered Porous Media
Authors: Mehiaoui Hadjebar Mahdia Yasmina , Hadid Mohamed , Berrah Mounir
Published: July 2014

The deamplification model developed by Zendagui et al. has been adapted in this study for the case of P1 wave propagation in porous media in order to investigate the effect of saturation degree on motion coherency at depth. The input wave amplitude distribution function is generated compatibly with the suitable free field coherency model and the top wave amplitudes are evaluated using the transfer matrix method following the Biot’s theory. The results show that even if the saturation degree decreases slightly below the complete saturation, it influences the coherencies of horizontal and vertical motion due to P1 wave incidences. Elsewhere, the generation process shows that in this case, the wave front content, necessary to produce a coherency identical to the Luco and Wong model at the free field, is more focus with less intensity than required in the case of a complete saturation.
Precise Integration Method of Pseudo-Dynamic Testing of Structures
Authors: Wang Hai Bo , Liu Rong
Published: July 2014

Based on nonlinear precise integration method, two new numerical integration methods of pseudo-dynamic test of structures are presented. One is explicit predict-correct, four order accuracy and multistep method avoiding calculating the inversion of the state matrix. The other is implicit predict-correct, four order accuracy and multistep method that need calculate the inversion of the state matrix. Since their accuracies are superior to the central difference method by enlarging time step and their stabilities are better, the structural systems of multi-degree of freedom could be well tested and the testing work would be largely reduced. Finally, a pseudo-dynamic test of combined tube structure has been executed with the explicit multi-step method.
Demand Diagrams Based on Inelastic Spectra: A Proposal for the Implementation of the Capacity Spectrum Method in the Romanian Seismic Design Code
Authors: Craifaleanu Iolanda Gabriela
Published: July 2014

During recent years, an increasing number of studies advocate the application of the capacity spectrum method based demand diagrams computed directly from inelastic response spectra, as an alternative to the basic formulation of the method, which uses elastic spectra computed for single degree-of-freedom oscillators with modified characteristics to account for inelastic behavior. When demand diagrams are based on the code-specified elastic spectrum, inelastic spectra are typically determined by dividing the elastic spectrum by strength reduction factors. The paper presents the application of the method, based on strength reduction factors computed with a unified analytical expression, deduced by the author in previous studies. The expression and is valid both for broadband and narrow band ground motions. Taking as a starting point the newly-enforced elastic design spectra in the 2013 edition of the Romanian seismic design code, the method is exemplified for the capital city, Bucharest. It is shown that, for the analyzed case, the use of the proposed strength reduction factors leads to results that are very close to those obtained by the “classical” nonlinear static procedure used in the code. This suggests a good potential for the implementation of the capacity spectrum method in the Romanian code, based on these factors.
Research on Seismic Damage of Buildings in the Beichuan Earthquake
Authors: Wang Fan , Ning Chen
Published: July 2014

This paper mainly discusses seismic damage of RC frame buildings in Beichuan county based on the investigation on the spot. The building damage forms are classified and component failures are analyzed. Applying finite element analysis software, the performance of RC frame buildings under severe earthquake is simulated and the components plastic hinge development is researched. The analysis results are made a comparison with real damage of buildings in this paper and some suggestions are proposed to seismic design.
Seismic Performance Analysis on Single-Storey Masonry House with Sliding Damping Technology
Authors: Yuan Kang , Li Ying Min , Kang Bo
Published: July 2014

This paper presents a technology of sliding damping which could resist ground frost heaving. In the technology, setting the low-grade mortar bond of the upper and lower ring beams to achieve slip shock absorption, and setting the rubber beams to achieve shear deformation limiting. By rubber beam shear performance test, the shear strength of the rubber beam has been acquired. In the paper, the finite element software has been adopted to simulate the seismic performances of common wall and sliding damping wall structures under low cyclic reversed loading, the hysteretic curves between the bottom shear and the top displacement of the walls. The research results show that sliding damping ring beam has the very good function on dissipating seismic energy and reducing seismic action.
Simplified Dispersion Curves of Earthquake Love Wave for Rotational Seismic Motion Estimation
Authors: Liu Yue Wei , Li Hong Nan
Published: July 2014

In the simulation of the rotational seismic ground motion, the apparent velocity of Love wave is always assumed to be equal to the S wave velocity of top layer of the site approximately, with the dispersion of surface wave not being fully considered. In this paper, the effect of the velocity structure to the Love wave dispersion is discussed based on the stiffness matrix theory. It shows that to assume the velocity to be equal to the S wave velocity of the top layer may greatly overestimate the low frequency rotational seismic motion. A simplified dispersion curve, is suggested for rotational seismic ground motion simulation. The shape of the bilinear curve is shaped by 3 parameters. They are the corner frequency, the minimum phase velocity and the velocity ratio. The parameters are affected by the velocity structure of the site.
Study on Seismic Behavior of Self-Centering Precast Frame
Authors: Lin Hui , Li Tian Qi , Wang Qiang
Published: July 2014

Self-Centering structure is a kind of new structure, which aims for reducing the residual deformation of structure after the earthquake. In order to research the Seismic Behavior of Self-centering Prefabricated concrete frame, a new joint applied with prestressed tendons and a traditional joint are designed in this paper with the finite element software ABAQUS. The seismic performances of them are contrastively analyzed. The new joint is found to have better self-centering capacity. Then two plane frame models are analyzed. The result shows that the frame applied with prestressed tendons has some capacity of self-centering and enough energy dissipation effects.
Study on the Seismic Safety of the Qinghai Traditional Dwellings
Authors: Zhang Meng Jie , Liu Lian Xin , Shi Yan An
Published: July 2014

Qinghai is a multi-ethnic region, mainly living in the eastern agricultural areas Han, Hui and Tu, mainly living in the southwest area of animal husbandry Tibetan and Mongol. In order to adapt to the cold, arid, windy and long sunshine time climate of Qinghai, people created a unique style of traditional vernacular dwelling, Zhuangke. This unique architectural form is mainly with wooden frame bearing, matching with brick walls or rammed earth walls. Such buildings are mostly villagers themselves built according to past experience; do not involve seismic design, resulting in a great security risk. Through the field investigation of ten natural villages, this article has a deep understanding of the seismic performance of Zhuangke. Based on survey data, this paper presents its structural safety and seismic performance problem.
A Suggestion on Uncertainty Correction of Ground Motion Attenuation in Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment
Authors: Wang Chuan Fang , Tao Xia Xin , Z Anastasia , Zhao Kai , Jiang Wei
Published: July 2014

The uncertainty of ground motion attenuation and its correction in PSHA is deal with in this paper. Mean values and standard deviations of random errors of three attenuation relationships of NGA-west1 are analyzed statistically from the data base released by the project. The dependences of the mean and deviation on magnitude, distance and peak ground acceleration are checked by the data base. The fact of mean values varying with acceleration is revealed obviously. Ground motion parameter Y is adopted into the probability density function of random error in a form of subsection. Finally, a suggestion to improve the correction is presented as subsection correction in the paper. The result of a case study by suggested procedure shows that the corrected acceleration is slightly higher than that of the traditional correction at the start of hazard curve, and is significantly lower than that of the traditional correction at the end of the curve, if the mean of random error decreases with acceleration.
Average Damage Ratio and Earthquake Damage Matrix of Non-Engineered Building in Seismogenic Provincial Regions in China
Authors: Xing Jue Hui , Lu Ming , Zhao Ya Min , Yu Yan
Published: July 2014

Non-engineered buildings are most of self-built house, which locate in rural area in China. The structural defect of non-engineered buildings could reduce seismic capacity. The damage of these buildings are the main cause of earthquakes casualties and economic losses. The main types of the building structures include the wooden house, soil and wood house, brick and wood house and masonry house. It is the seismogenic provincial regions for Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu and Yunnan in China. Based on the four type houses in the four regions, 104 earthquake disaster loss reports were selected from 1990 and 2013. This article focused on the analysis of house damage data. This article proposes "the average damage ratio" concept, which takes one provincial region as an area and studies the whole area data. Due to a combination of multiple and differenteffects of earthquakes within one provincial region, the average damage ratio can be on behalf of the damage ratio, and reflects the non-engineered building characteristics in the provincial region. And then the article demonstrates that the earthquake damage matrix of different house types in these four provinces area. The earthquake damage matrix provides a more reliable basis for the earthquake disaster evaluation in rural area.
Collapse-Resistance Measure for the Bottom Frame Structure under Earthquake
Authors: Wang Duo Zhi , Dai Jun Wu , Shan Ruo Chen
Published: July 2014

The bottom frame structure, with serious earthquake damage, occupies a large proportion in the houses collapsed in earthquakes. However, because it is economic and practical, it is still widely used. Based on the understanding of the seismic performance of bottom frame structure, this paper determines to study seismic measures of the bottom frame structure. The current seismic measures can be divided into two major categories: strengthening key components and avoiding key components, therefore this paper adopts the method of strengthening parts which are easy to collapse for reinforcement, under the premise of meeting the stiffness ratio between reasonable layers, adds wing wall to improve the capacity of resisting collapse of the structure and pinpoints the efficiency of adding wing wall in the capacity of resisting collapse through quantitative analysis. Although there are differences in the improvement of the capacity of resisting collapse under different seismic waves, adding wing walls reasonably can greatly improver the anti-collapse capacity of the structure..
A Research on Elastoplastic Theory Based on Full State Function
Authors: Wei Zhen Hai , Wang Meng Shu , Zhang Ding Li
Published: July 2014

The analysis of structural materials, especially the theoretical research, is always a challenge. Starting from the structural characteristics of the material, the theory of full state function about the strength - stiffness - strain that reflects the properties of structural material is established on the basis of the structural state of the material. The full state function is an important method to solve this problem. In order to further analyze the characteristics of the full state function, the full state function, strength theory of the material and the constitutive relation found are first studied. It is found that the full state function can more comprehensively reflect the properties of the structural material. The full state function accommodates the strength theory in the classical elastic-plastic theory. The full constitutive relation of the materials can be derived from the full state function. That is to say, the full state function can unify the strength theory and constitutive relation in the classical theory and can be used for the analysis of the structural materials. The full state function is more than a mere form, because it has explicit physical and mechanical meanings.
Seismic Response Analysis of Free Long-Span Submarine Flexible Pipelines under Earthquakes
Authors: Deng Yu Lin , Bian Yu , Lei Fan
Published: July 2014

Submarine pipelines are described as the lifeblood of offshore oil and it is crucial to ensure the seismic safety of the submarine pipelines. Based on the fluid-structure interaction numerical analysis method and by using finite element software ADINA, the analysis models of the free long-span submarine flexible pipelines under earthquakes were established. By employing dynamic time-history method, the influences of fluid-structure interaction on the seismic response of the submarine pipelines were researched. The results showed that the peak normal stress and the peak displacement of submarine pipelines’ mid-span considering the influences of the fluid-structure interaction are greater than those without considering the influences, and the influences of the fluid-structure interaction on the seismic response of the submarine pipelines will increase with the increase of the submarine pipelines‘ diameter.
Study on Seismic Response Characteristics of Step-Terrace Frame Structure on the Slope
Authors: Liu Li Ping , Liu Ji Jin , Li An Liang , Tan Ming Zi
Published: July 2014

The seismic response of step-terrace frame structure is affected by the slope. Considered soil parameters of slope, the floor numbers and span numbers of layers below the scarp, 45 step-terrace frame example structures were designed, and three excitations at bedrock were selected to analyze the example structures response with dynamic time-history analysis method. The research indicates that when the other conditions are the same, the soil becomes softer, or structure's span numbers on the slope becomes larger or the slope becomes higher, the dynamic interaction between slope and step-terrace frame structure becomes more obvious. When the inputted ground motion at slope foot is adopted and the slope soil is soft, the seismic response of structure without soil-structure interaction is smaller than that of with soil-structure interaction.
Study on Simplification Conditions of Curved Regular Bridges under Seismic Effect
Authors: Song Tai Yu , Shen Yin , Li Guo Ping
Published: July 2014

A radius of curvature 20 times greater than the deck width of the bridge (R≥20b) is required as a specification in the regular bridge simplification conditions of the seismic response of curved girder bridges. Selecting benchmark bridges and employing parameter analysis method, this article studies on the effect of R/B value of the curved girder bridge on the response ratio of the seismic response calculated using the finite element model and that using a regular girder bridge. This study shows that on conditions that the deck width of the bridge is constant, the smaller the radius of curvature and the larger the B/R value (i.e., the smaller the R/B value) of the curved girder bridge are, the greater the difference between the seismic response of the curved girder bridge and the result calculated with a regular girder bridge is, and the difference is more significant under traverse seismic effect than that of longitudinal seismic effect. On conditions that the radius of curvature is constant, the impact of the change of B/R value due to the deck width change of the bridge on the difference between the seismic response of the curved girder bridge and the result calculated with a regular girder bridge is insignificant. Compared with the deck width of the bridge, the difference between the seismic response of the curved girder bridge and the result calculated with a regular girder bridge is more sensitive to the radius of curvature.
Study on the Characters of Seismic Response Spectra Based on China Financial Information Mansion
Authors: Li Ming , Wang Yuan Qing , Tao Wei , Wang Bin , Yu Qing Xian , Wu Li Li , Shan Ren Liang
Published: July 2014

Rare study is done on floor response spectrum of super-high rise building, but it is an important condition for the seismic response analysis of floor subsidiary structure. Therefore, based on the early calculation model of China Financial Information Mansion, the floor response spectrum is calculated under different input ground motion. The floor and ground response spectrum is compared with each other from the seismic coefficient, dynamic amplification coefficient, characteristic period and the form of response spectrum. The results shows that: the floor seismic coefficient and the magnification coefficient are greater or smaller than the ground ones, the biggest difference of which is nearly 1 times; all the floor character period are greater than the ground ones, the biggest difference of which is over 60%; there are obvious differences between the floor and ground dynamic magnification factor spectra form under some conditions, of which the second peak of the former one is probably very large, even near to the peak of the first one, while the latter has no such phenomenon. Therefore, during the process of calculating the seismic response of floor subsidiary structure, it is necessary to consider the change of floor seismic coefficient, dynamic magnification factor, characteristic period and spectra form based on the main structure.
Time-Frequency Analysis of Non-Stationary Ground Motions via Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition
Authors: Su Yan Wen , Huang Guo Qing , Peng Liu Liu
Published: July 2014

In this paper, MEMD-based scalogram and coscalogram, and instantaneous frequency spectral are proposed to characterize the data derived from the multivariate non-stationary process. The scalogram and instantaneous frequency spectral capture spectral evolution of each component while the coscalogram reveals embedded intermittent correlation between two components. Compared with scale-based scalogram and coscalogram, frequency-based instantaneous frequency spectral provides more detailed portrayal for multivariate data. The effectiveness of the proposed MEMD-based time-frequency analysis framework is validated by numerical examples of uniformly and generally modulated ground motions.
Analysis of Earthquake Damages and Seismic Reinforcement of Bridges
Authors: Fan Bing Bing , Zhao Can Hui , Zhang Long , Li Liang
Published: July 2014

In recent years, with the frequent occurrence of earthquakes, the impact of earthquakes on the bridge has been increasing. Every time the earthquake occurred, bridges there almost got varying degrees of damages, hindering the normal traffic and losing the important role as emergency rescue and disaster relief channels and emergency shelters. Therefore, the seismic loads must be taken fully into account in the bridge design and seismic strengthening of bridge is necessary. Besides, the old bridges already put into normal operation must be reinforced appropriately according to the site condition. This paper described the various types of seismic damage of bridges and summarized several methods of seismic reinforcement of bridges.
An New Approximate Formula for Contracted Depth in Quadratic Parabola Shaped Channels
Authors: Li Feng Ling
Published: July 2014

On the basis of summarizing the predecessors' research, based on the contracted depth basic equation mathematical transformation of quadratic parabola shaped sections, the interrelation between dimensionless contracted depth and the dimensionless parameter were analyzed, we obtain the approximate formula for contracted depth in Quadratic parabola shaped channels, it is simpler and accurate, Its maximum relative error are less than 0.12% in the utility range.
Experimental Study on Engineering Properties of Cemented Sand and Gravel
Authors: Fu Hua , Feng Jian Gang , Han Hua Qiang , Ling Hua
Published: July 2014

The static and dynamic triaxial shear tests and deformation tests on CSG (cemented sand and gravel) are conducted with different amount of added cementing materials. The mechanical indexes and parameters have obvious increments with mixing of cementing material and accumulation of curing days. However the increments will become mild with further adding of cementing material. The deformation curve of CSG test sample is similar to the curve of sand-gravel sample without mixing with any cementing material, and they both follow the trend of semi-logarithmic decrement law. The dynamic permanent deformation of CSG increases with the increments of confining pressure, consolidation stress and dynamic stress. Thus this deformation still can be calculated using the constitutive model of dynamic residual deformation proposed by Zhujiang Shen Academician.
Research of Eco-Compensation among Basin Cascade Hydropower Station Development and Management
Authors: Zhou Xin Min , Zhao Meng
Published: July 2014

Eco-compensation was involved in many subject area, and the concept and connotation of Eco-compensation were discussed from the multi-disciplinary perspective by the scholars of different research areas. Hydropower, as one kind of green energy,is an important component of the China's energy development. Owing to the delay of the cumulative effect on ecological environment caused by hydropower development, the unbalanced distribution of interests between the cascade hydropower stations, and the mass of industry and departments involved in cascade hydropower development, Eco-compensation system of the cascade hydropower development is becoming more complicated.For this reason, it is significant to analyze the environmental impact during cascade hydropower development, and to establish a full Eco-compensation mechanism for the cascade hydropower development. In this paper, the basic framework of the Eco-compensation system includes five parts: the subject, the object of compensation, compensation standards and methods of determining compensation, forms of compensation, process control of compensation, then the content of these five aspects was detailed. On this basis , the problems which should be solved urgently in the cascade development of Eco-compensation mechanisms have been advised,these discussion and analysis will provide some reference for the further research and practice．
Research on the Feasibility of Water Diversion Project
Authors: Zhang Li Hua , Wang Guang Hui , Hao Xiao Hui
Published: July 2014

The research on the feasibility of Feicheng Water Diversion from Dawen River Project is based on a thorough investigation in the actual condition of water resources in Feicheng city. It is found that on the one hand this city has been suffering from water shortage, while on the other hand it has allowed most of the water flowing away in vain from Dawen River, which runs through this area. To resolve this contradiction, this research demonstrates the feasibility of networking of Dawen River and Shangzhuanglu Reservoir through engineering measures to realize the optimal allocation of water resources
Simulation Method of Particle Size Scale for Fine Sand Model
Authors: Liu Wan Li , Liu Xiao Fei , Yue Pei Jiu
Published: July 2014

In sediment movable bed model, the basic similar conditions include the flow movement similar and the sediment movement similar. In water flow movement similar conditions, the velocity scale of the Freund's similarity and resistance similarity is inconsistency, and the flow resistance is the function of bed material grain size and flow intensity. In sediment movement similar, the particle size scale forms are not consistent too, and they are also related to the flow conditions, so the sediment partial size scale is difficult to determine. According to the research, the similar conditions can be focused on primary and secondary one, and put the primary one as the design basis. In view of the waterway regulation, the regulation flow discharge should be the design basis, others allowed a certain deviation; In the straight reach, resistance similarity should be the design basis, Freund's similarity allowed a certain deviation; In the bend reach, the Freund's similarity and resistance similarity should be simultaneously satisfied; For the bed load model, the incipient motion should meet similarity condition; The suspended sediment model should meet the sediment suspension similarity; For the non-uniform sediment, median particle size should be the design basis. According to the above principles, the sediment particle size scale can be determined.
Study on Navigation Technology of Waterway at Hub Downstream and Bridge Area Overlapping
Authors: Liu Xin
Published: July 2014

The article has used the technical route of data analysis、physical model test and ship model tests combining, studied the navigation technology of waterway in area below QianWei hydro-junction and bridge sections overlapping in Minjiang River, then proposed the regulation scheme, which effectively improved navigation conditions in the region, finally summarized and put forward the navigable protection technologies and measures in area below hub and bridge area.
Study on the Horizontal Velocity Distribution in Natural Rivers
Authors: Ge Hua , Zhu Ling Ling , Zhang Xi Bing
Published: July 2014

In this article, the horizontal flow velocity in natural rivers was studied, and its formula was established based on the theoretical analysis. Then some key parameters in the formula were determined by regression analysis based on large amount of measured data in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. This formula can be widely applied in the allocation of the erosion and deposition area in 1D sediment numerical models.
Study on the Uplift Force of Plunge Pool Slab
Authors: Wang Chun Tao , Xie Bang Hua , Zeng Wen Hui
Published: July 2014

The impact of the flood discharge water flow from a high dam is rather great on the slab of a plunge pool, and may cause damages to the plunge pool and consequently endangers the dam body safety. Therefore, a reverse arch slab model was established on the base of a study on and a simulation of the rational scale of gaps between the plates of the plunge pool slab. The model was an arch ring containing 7 slabs. The uplift force time history of each slab was measured, and the uplift force power spectrum and probability density were analyzed. The test result shows that the uplift energy mainly centers in 0-15Hz frequency bandwidth, and mostly within 1Hz. It belongs to a low frequency and big amplitude vibration.