bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-task Autonomous Driving Based on Improved Convolutional Neural Network and ST Loss in MTS and MOD Modes
Authors: Nie Zihao , Qu Jian
Published: November 2022

Multi-task autonomous driving is a research hotspot in autonomous driving. However, existing research has only achieved single-task or dual-task autonomous driving. Therefore, we propose two novel multi-task approaches: a multi-task shared model mode (MTS) and a multi-object dual-model mode (MOD). In addition, existing neural network architectures are underperforming in multi-task autonomous driving, so we propose a novel neural network architecture - MT-ResNet26. Moreover, to alleviate the problem of noise and class imbalance from data, we propose a new loss function - Stable Loss (ST Loss). Finally, our smart car can achieve multi-task road tracking, left-right turn sign recognition, automatic obstacle avoidance, stop, real-time acceleration and deceleration. In addition, we compare the existing multi-task autonomous driving model YS-VGG17_MSE, which shows our MT-ResNet26_ST is superior in loss value and actual performance. Meanwhile, we use our proposed approaches to train two classical neural networks—ResNet18_MSE* and DenseNet121_MSE*, so that they also achieve multi-task autonomous driving with our proposed approaches, showing the applicability of MTS and MOD. Furthermore, we compare MT-ResNet26_MSE with MT-ResNet26_ST, and the results show that the model using our novel ST Loss outperforms the model using the original loss function MSE. To sum up, it is shown that the performance of multi-task autonomous driving can be achieved and improved using our proposed neural network architecture and loss function. Furthermore, we propose optimized multi-task modes. OMTS and OMOD optimize and accelerate the models using semi-precision techniques based on the TensorRT. The results show that the optimized multi-task autonomous driving accuracy has been further improved.
Iot-Based Patient ECG Monitoring for Arrhythmia Classification via Optimized Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Sonawane Aniket
Published: November 2022

Cardiac arrhythmia is one among a type of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which reports 12% of total deaths all-over the world. Even though there is a lot of growth in IoT-health monitoring, the manual method suffers from a lot of drawbacks. Hence, there is a need for an automatic method in health-care specifically, for classification of arrhythmia, for which an optimized deep convolutional neural network will be proposed. The IoT network will be simulated for collecting the ECG signals from the patients, and the signals will be processed for classification of arrhythmia in patients, which assures continuous health monitoring of patients. The proposed model named optimized deep convolutional neural network will be implemented and compared with the existing methods in order to reveal the effectiveness based on the performance metrics, such as accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.
SECURED COVID-19 PANDEMIC VACCINATION SUPPLY ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM USING BLOCKCHAIN
Authors: Khandelwal Vaibhav
Published: November 2022

After the manufacture of vaccines, one of the crucial duties is vaccination surveillance. If the vaccination is flawed and causes the vaccine recipients to have several health issues. Currently, vaccination administration and monitoring are fairly straightforward and entirely under the vaccine company's control. The vaccine manufacturer can readily alter and modify the manufacturing process. Overall, control over the supply of vaccines is centralised. By integrating Blockchain technology into the supply chain for vaccines, the system will become decentralised and difficult to alter in terms of safety and content. The blockchain will add vaccines one block each batch, along with a time stamp. To facilitate administration, different vaccinations and medications produced by the same company will have their own genesis blocks. Only if many medications undergo a screening test in which the vaccines are examined for potential flaws will blocks be added. All blockchain blocks that are in charge of eliminating outdated vaccine batches will have the counter set. Discarded blocks won't be discovered when the vaccination details are checked. In a blockchain, the proof-of-work mechanism is managed by the super node. A super node broadcast dose detail on the whole blockchain is used to add vaccine doses to the blockchain. Key Words: Discarded Blocks, Vaccination, Administration, Supply Management
Fire management: A virtual treatment towards psychological preparedness among health college volunteers in Indonesia
Authors: Wijayanti Dini Prastyo , Alfianto Ahmad Guntur , Rahmawati Ida , Yusniawati Yustina Ni Putu
Published: November 2022

Background: Fire disasters in educational facilities often occur and lead to a lack of psychological readiness of volunteers in health colleges and in general. Objective: The study aimed to analyze the effects of fire management: A virtual short film on the psychological preparedness of university volunteers in Indonesia. Methods: This study uses quasi-experimental. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample of 87 respondents who were divided into treatment and control groups. Health college volunteers were recruited from Java, Bali, and Sumatera islands. The psychological Preparedness for Disaster Threat Scale (PPDTS) questionnaire was used. The statistical test used is the paired t-test and the Independent Sample T-test.  Results: We found a difference in volunteers’ psychological preparedness pre-treatment and post-treatment in the treatment group (p < 0.001) and control group (p = 0.800). Differences in both groups were significant (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Treatments using technology media, namely short films, can virtually influence increasing psychological preparedness for volunteers. In addition, this intervention can be used as media for health promotion that is easily accessible to everyone in the face of disasters.
Conversion of hindfoot intramedullary nail arthrodesis to total ankle arthroplasty: A case study
Authors: Ford Timothy , Laco Nicholas , Sweeney Michael
Published: November 2022

Ankle arthrodesis has long been the gold standard for ankle arthritis but issues such as adjacent joint arthritis, non-union, and malunion are common complications. Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) has gained popularity with recent encouraging long-term results and conversion of ankle arthrodesis to arthroplasty is now being offered. This case study reports a total ankle arthroplasty conversion from a retrograde hindfoot intramedullary nail in a 25 year old female with a history of trauma and several operations. This case describes a rare instance for this particular procedure due to the arthrodesis performed by an intramedullary hindfoot nail complicated by malunion.
A Study on Financial Inclusion and its Effectiveness on Direct Benefit Transfer Schemes
Authors: B Bharath , K Dr. Ravi Kumar
Published: November 2022

India's progress toward financial inclusion has been amazing during the past ten years, and the Indian government has actively supported it through initiatives like the Digital India Movement and the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana. To build an inclusive society, reducing poverty and solving the difficulties of securing sustained income may become crucial. Information and communication technologies are gradually opening up access to the unbanked people and assisting in attracting them to the banking industry. Digital technologies are promoting usage and improving residents' quality of life. In this essay, we'll talk about the progress made in financial inclusion so far, what comes next, and how we may use digital technology to create a more inclusive society. In August 2014, the government launched a new program called the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana to hasten and digitalize financial inclusion in the nation. As a result, a total of 320215027 beneficiaries received contributions totaling Rs. 793711.06 Lakhs. Additionally, as of April 2018, 240921418 recipients had received Rupay cards. The current study examines the financial inclusion through Direct Benefit Transfer in India with regard to the major social security programs, including Pratyaksha Hastaantarit Laabh (PAHAL), Direct Benefit Transfer for LPG, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, the National Social Assistant Program, the Scholarship Program, the Public Distribution System, and others. The National Social Assistance Program (NSAP), the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), and Pratyaksha Hastaantarit Laabh (PAHAL), or Direct Benefit Transfer for LPG, are among the primary social protection programs that are highlighted (DBTL). The different obstacles to building an inclusive society are listed in this research paper.
CT Colonography – Overview of Current Clinical Practice
Authors: Ruić Marija , Matijaš Tatjana
Published: November 2022

CTC is a diagnostic method that has been developed for more than a decade and there is a large number of studies conducted to describe its capabilities. By using new generations of CT devices and advanced software, colon analysis is possible in a relatively short time. On the other hand, high sensitivity for detecting polyps and the possibility of detecting bowel abnormalities make CTC an interesting and desirable method. The aim of this article is to determine the advantages and disadvantages of CTC, as well as its role in colon cancer screening. Compared to colonoscopy, CTC is a less invasive technique that does not require sedation. In addition to its advantages, CTC is associated with several disadvantages. A review of research proved a very small percentage of complications that can occur during the procedure, and the main limitation is ionising radiation. Despite this, it is used for numerous indications and plays a role in detection of colorectal cancer. Due to the fact that colon cancer is a major problem in the world, its frequency and mortality are trying to be reduced by screening methods. Compared to other diagnostic methods, CTC is described as a pleasant and safe examination. Considering the available data, CTC represents an ideal balance due to minimal invasiveness and high sensitivity. With the advancement of technology, CT devices and software, the role of CTC will most probably grow significantly and secure its important place in healthcare.
Conventional, Digital 2D and 3D CBCT Cephalogram
Authors: Ivanović Anita
Published: November 2022

The cephalogram is a radiological image used in orthodontics. Cephalometric analysis includes the interconnection of reference points which allows analyses and measurements of various planes and angles, which serve as an aid in finding the correct treatment of teeth. The standard cephalogram is recorded in two projections – LL and PA. The combination of LL and PA recordings once made up a 3D display up to the appearance of the CBCT device. Since the introduction of cephalometric analyses, numerous authors have pointed out the need for the development of new methods of analysis and measurement to correct the shortcomings of reference points, lines, and angles. The aim of this paper is to present a reliability assessment of cephalometric analysis and measurement on three types of cephalograms: conventional, digital 2D, and 3D CBCT cephalograms. Furthermore, the article presents the methodology and results of several scientific studies. The results of the reviewed studies show that all tested methods are reliable and practical for scientific research, with clinically acceptable differences between manually and digitally analyzed cephalograms. 3D CBCT shows a slightly higher degree of reliability in terms of taking measurements, but it is thought that new ways of producing more accurate measurements as well as better ways of displaying certain reference points should be devised. Finally, 2D cephalometric measurements should not be abandoned because the transition to 3D technology requires more additional research.
Variational Formulation and A Priori Estimates for the Galerkin Method for a Fractional Diffusion Equation
Authors: Lima M. E. de S. , Oliveira E. C. de , Viana A. Da C.
Published: November 2022

In this work we obtain a variational formulation and {\it a priori} estimates for approximate solutions of a problem involving fractional diffusion equations.
Fire management in indigenous territories in Bolivia
Authors: Peña Supayabe Anacleto , Ascarrunz Nataly , Baldiviezo Juan , Romero Laurenz
Published: November 2022

This article presents an analysis of aspects guiding the management of risks associated with wildfires in territories governed by indigenous communities in Bolivia, and the crucial factors that contribute to responsive actions. These include: (i) indigenous worldviews regarding natural resources and the use of fire, (ii) strengthening of indigenous institutions for risk management, and (iii) autonomous, participatory and democratic indigenous community governance models. Using the Indigenous Territory of Lomerío of the Monkox nation as a case study, it also examines the advances, limitations and challenges in addressing wildfire threats, and the land management approach promoted by the indigenous territorial government.
A balta alakú csüngők a szarmata leletanyagban
Authors: Gulyás Gyöngyi
Published: November 2022

A tanulmány egy viszonylag kis számú, de a szarmata leletanyag jellegzetes ékszertípusával, a balta alakú csüngőkkel foglalkozik. A csüngőtípus az antik görög, valamint a Pontus-vidéki műveltséghez visszanyúló gyökerekkel rendelkezik, amely a szarmaták Kárpát-medencei betelepedésével, illetve a későbbi vándorlási hullámoknak köszönhetően Közép-Európa területén is elterjedt. A tanulmány kitér a balta szimbolikájára, a csüngőtípus tipológiai vizsgálatára, illetve más népcsoportoknál betöltött szerepének vázlatszerű bemutatására is.
„Éjt s nappalt lovon töltötték…” : A kora népvándorlás kori lószerszámok vizsgálata a keleti leletanyag tükrében
Authors: Piros Réka Ágnes
Published: November 2022

A késő császárkorból és kora népvándorlás korból származó lószerszámokat általában csak egy adott lelőhely publikálásánál ismertetik, illetve korszakolják. Érdemes azonban ezeket a tárgyakat együtt elemezni, mivel sok mindent elárulhatnak az összehasonlítás során. Az analógiáik felkutatásával bizonyossá válhat, mely területeken keresztül érkeztek a leletek a Kár-pát-medencébe, illetve milyen hatások érhették őket. Feltűnő, hogy a tárgytípusok zöme keleti területekről származtatható. Az analógiák alapos vizsgálata fontos lehet a népek vándorlásának, a kereskedelemnek és az egymásra hatásnak az alaposabb megismeréséhez.
„Láttam a végtelen sok kunt és tatárt…” : A tatárjárás emlékei Csanádpalotáról
Authors: Gallina Zsolt , Gulyás Gyöngyi
Published: November 2022

A tanulmány a Csanádpalota határában 2013-ban feltárt Árpád-kori településrészlet, illetve annak tatárjárás kori eseményei bemutatásával foglalkozik. A több mint 47 000 m²-re kiterjedő ásatás során a kelta kortól a tatárjárás koráig öt régészeti korszakba tartozó jelenségek kerültek felszínre. A lelőhely gerincét egy Árpád-kori falu településobjektumai adták, melyek közül a legmeghatározóbb jelenségek a szögletes alaprajzú területeket határoló, illetve a több száz méter hosszan követhető, települést kerítő árkok voltak. A településobjektumok között feltárt két temetkezés, továbbá egy meneteles lejáratú gödörbe rejtett vaseszközlelet alapján bizonyos, hogy az Árpád-kori falu a tatárjáráskor pusztult el. A lelőhely legérdekesebb lelete a települést kerítő árokra ásott gödörbe temetett, felszerszámozott keleti nomád lósír volt.
Hogyan lehet – egyébként vörösre égő – agyagot minél fehérebbre égetni? Égetéstechnológiai vizsgálat tesztelése kora újkori kerámiákon
Authors: Véninger Péter
Published: November 2022

Egy ma már ismeretlen kerámiaégetési módszer technológiáját próbáltam rekonstruálni. Valaha a fazekasok egy része képes volt arra, hogy fehér kerámiát készítsen olyan agyagból, amelynek magas vas-oxid tartalma van. A módszer lényege, hogy az égetés során kétféle színt hoznak létre úgy, hogy ezek keveréke együtt a lehető legvilágosabb legyen. A cikk folytatásában a fehérre égetett, engóbbal, mázzal díszített kerámiák készítéséről lesz majd szó.
Industrialization, deindustrialization and the beginning of re-industrialization in Poland
Authors: Paradysz Stanisław
Published: November 2022

This article aims to provide information about 1634 new industrial workplaces employing 100 or more people, built in Poland in years 1949–1988 and 2276 plants of the same size, existing before 1949 as well as about the transformation of these companies after 1989. The article describes a statistical survey of industrial plants, discusses the industrialization of the country, the scale and causes of liquidation of the factories after 1989. In addition, the state of the industry in Poland after 25 years of transformation and brought closer to the origins of reindustrialization of our country are discussed. The article takes into account the survey results of 3910 industrial enterprises in the years 1988–2014. Also data on the production potential of industry in 1988 from the Statistical Yearbook of Industry in 1989 are used. Production potential of plants is specified by value of production assets, sold production and employment, which allows to calculate relevant indicators of production capital intensity, technical infrastructure and labor productivity.
Spatial differentiation of the standard of living in Poland in terms of the dynamic
Authors: Majka Agnieszka
Published: November 2022

The article presents the results of the statistical analysis of variation in the living standard of Polish provinces (voivodships) in the years 2004, 2008 and 2012. The evaluation was based on diagnostic features that describe the local labor market, health and social care, economic and communications infrastructure, housing economy, education and culture as well as security. In the study of spatial differentiation of living standards was used synthetic indicator and indicators of taxonomic distance changes over time.
Europejska Autonomia Strategiczna i Europejska Suwerenność Strategiczna (1991–2017). Część I
Authors: Żurawski vel Grajewski Przemysław
Published: November 2022

Projekty integracji europejskiej polityki zagranicznej i wojskowej – francuski Europejskiej Autonomii Strategicznej i niemiecki Europejskiej Suwerenności Strategicznej – są próbą zbudowania zdolności UE do politycznego i militarnego oddziaływania na zewnątrz. O autonomizacji bezpieczeństwa europejskiego zaczęto mówić po upadku ZSRS. Próby zbudowania w latach 1991–2017 unijnych struktur wojskowych zakończyły się fiaskiem: rozczarowały Europejska Tożsamość Bezpieczeństwa i Obrony (1994), Europejska Polityka Bezpieczeństwa i Obrony (1999) z helsińskim celem operacyjnym i jego następcą – celem operacyjnym 2010, Europejska Unia Obronna. Choć podjęto współpracę w ramach PESCO, to europejski rynek zbrojeniowy nadal jest podzielony na rynki narodowe. Unijne Eurokorpus, EUROFOR, EUROMAFOR i grupy bojowe albo nie zostały użyte, albo prowadziły symboliczne operacje. Nie zbudowano europejskiego parasola jądrowego. Nie istnieje europejski system satelitów wojskowych, zawiódł program Airbus A400M. Problemy te mają głęboką przyczynę: brak europejskiego demosu zdolnego do poparcia polityki strategicznej samodzielności i ponoszenia jej kosztów.
Kluczowe czynniki wypychające w migracji mieszkańców wybranych państw Sahelu
Authors: Lipold Patrycja
Published: November 2022

W artykule określono czynniki wypychające w największych państwach Sahelu: Sudanie, Nigrze,
Nigerii, Mali, Czadzie oraz Burkina Faso. Obywatele tych państw są ujawniani na wszystkich szlakach migracyjnych biegnących do UE, a także na nowym szlaku z Białorusi do Polski. Na podstawie analizy przypadków wskazano, że głównymi czynnikami wpływającymi na migrację w regionie Sahelu są słabości ekonomiczno-społeczne poszczególnych państw, skutkujące ich podatnością na kryzysy, brak bezpieczeństwa oraz niestabilność polityczna. Czynniki te nakładają się na siebie i są współzależne, co oznacza, że poprawa sytuacji wymagałaby działań kompleksowych. Z badań oraz analizy czynników przyciągających w innych regionach (np. w UE) wynika, że migracje ludności z państw Sahelu będą się zwiększały.
Genetic polymorphism in HSPB6 gene and their association with heat tolerance in Sahiwal cattle
Authors: KUMAR RAKESH , GUPTA ISHWAR DAYAL , VERMA ARCHANA , KUMARI RAGINI , VERMA NISHANT , DEB RAJIB , DAS RAMENDRA , CHAUDHARI M V
Published: November 2022

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are known to modulate cellular response during summer stress in dairy cattle. Among different classes of HSPs, heat shock protein 20 (HSPB6) is a member of the small HSP family protein, the role of which has not been fully characterized in the context of heat stress in cattle. This study identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HSPB6 gene in Sahiwal cattle and their associations with heat tolerance traits (RR, RT and HTC). Three SNPs (SNP 1-3) were reported, which included two transitions, viz. SNP1-g.436G>A (Intron 1) and SNP2-g.2152A>G (3′-UTR) and one transversion, viz. SNP3-g.2417A>T (3′-UTR). The association analysis revealed that SNPs loci, viz. SNP1-g.436G>A and SNP2-g.2152A>G were significantly associated with heat tolerance traits. The GG genotype of SNP2-g.2152A>G was significantly associated with heat tolerance traits in Sahiwal cattle. The association analysis of four available haplotypes, viz. Hap1 (GGA), Hap2 (AAA), Hap3 (GAA), and Hap4 (AAT) of HSPB6 gene with heat tolerance traits did not differ significantly with any haplotype in Sahiwal cattle. This study provides the first association analyses between the SNPs of HSPB6 gene and heat tolerance traits in Sahiwal cattle, which could be used as effective SNP markers in genetic selection for heat tolerance in cattle breeding programs.
Effect of replacing wheat with broken rice on nutrients metabolisability, egg production and quality in White Pekin ducks
Authors: NAIK P K , SWAIN B K , SAHOO S K , KUMAR D , MISHRA S K , BEURA C K
Published: November 2022

A study was conducted in the tropical coastal region of Odisha in 2019 to find out the effect of replacing wheat with broken rice (BR) on nutrients metabolisability, egg production and quality in White Pekin ducks. White Pekin ducks (45, 165 days) were divided into three groups with three replicates in each group and each replicate had five ducks. Three experimental diets without (BR-0) and with BR, replacing 50 (BR-50) and 100 (BR-100), per cent wheat were prepared. The above diets were offered randomly to the groups till 40 weeks followed by conduction of a metabolic trial. The dry matter intake (g/d) was similar among the groups. The metabolisability percentage of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract and crude fibre in BR-0 and BR-50 were similar and higher than BR-100. There was no significant difference in N balance (g/d) among the groups. The total egg production, duck day egg production percentage and feed conversion ratio were similar among the groups. The external and internal egg quality parameters were similar among the groups as well. It was concluded that wheat can be replaced with broken rice at 50% level in the diets of White Pekin ducks during first phase of laying under intensive rearing system with increase in the metabolisability of the nutrients of the feed without affecting the performance.
Comparison of nutrient intake and digestibility, rumen fermentation along with body weight gain in cattle and buffalo fed maintenance diet
Authors: DAS P , DEVALIA B R , SHEKH M A , LUNAGARIYA P M , WADHWANI K N , SARVAIYA N P
Published: November 2022

In the present study, feed and nutrient intake, body weight changes, nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters were compared in cattle and buffaloes. Seven cattle (T1) and seven buffaloes (T2) were placed in two groups based on body weight employing completely randomized design. Experimental feeding in the form of total mixed ration (TMR) was carried out for 75 days having concentrate (C) and roughage (R) in 30C:70R. The daily intake of dry matter, crude protein, digestible crude protein and total digestible nutrients was non-significant between cattle and buffaloes. While in terms of percentage and metabolic body weight, the same parameters were significantly lower in cattle compared to buffalo. Digestibility of DM, OM, CP, EE, CF, NFE, NDF and ADF marginally differed between cattle and buffaloes. Rumen liquor pH, ammonia, non-protein and soluble nitrogen concentration was non-significantly different between cattle and buffaloes with significant lower value of total volatile fatty acids (12.25 vs. 14.19 mM/dl), total nitrogen (90.53 vs. 101.73 mg/dl) and TCA precipitable nitrogen (51.33 vs. 61.36 mg/dl) in cattle compared to buffaloes. Thus, from the study, it may be concluded that under similar feed and managemental conditions, intake of dry matter and nutrients per unit of body weight was lower, with non-significant difference in nutrients digestibility and inferior nitrogen fermentation as observed in cattle than buffaloes.
Comparison of the sedative and analgesic effects of butorphanol with acepromazine, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine following propofol induction and isoflurane maintenance in canines
Authors: KUMAR RAJESH , AAKANKSHA  , KUMARI ARCHANA , VERMA N K , SAXENA A C , HOQUE M
Published: November 2022

Adequate sedation and excellent depth of analgesia were recorded in all the four groups after induction to the end of surgical procedure, however, significantly higher sedation score and depth of analgesia were observed in group D and significantly lower was observed in group A in comparison to other groups. Butorphanol with acepromazine, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine provides adequate sedation and analgesia in the dogs, before induction with propofol, so it made handling of the animals proper and safe before induction. Dexmedetomidine produces most profound sedation and analgesia followed by midazolam and acepromazine along with butorphanol.
Physico-chemical changes during fruit growth and maturation in aonla cultivars
Authors: Devi Indira , Kaur Sumanjit , Singh Nav Prem , Singh Sarvpriya
Published: November 2022

The present study was carried out at Punjab agricultural University, MS Randhawa Fruit Research Station, Gangian, (Dasuya) during 2017-19. Fruits of six aonla cultivars: Krishna, Kanchan, Neelum, Chakaiya, Balwant and Desi (local seedling) were evaluated for changes in physico-chemical characteristics at different stages of fruit growth and maturation. Observations were recorded at 15 days interval starting from 120 days after fruit set (DAFS) up to 255 (DAFS). Results of different parameters revealed that fruit size, weight and stone weight showed gradually exponentially upward growth trends from initial stages of maturity up to final harvest. Similarly, TSS and ascorbic acid content were found maximum at final maturity and minimum during initial stages of fruit development. Total phenol content showed a decreasing trend with the maturity of the fruits. Reducing sugar and total sugars was increased with the advancement of maturity. Among different cultivars, fruit size, weight, stone weight and TSS attributes were higher in Kanchan and minimum in Desi seedlings. Juice, ascorbic acid and total phenol content was recorded in fruits of Desi seedlings. Total sugar and reducing sugars were significantly the highest in Kanchan and Krishna aonla cultivars. The varieties were characterized as early, mid and late season on the basis of physico-chemical parameters.
Effect of planting densities on grain filling and kernel dehydration of maize (Zea mays)
Authors: Zhao P u , Wang Jin , Juntawong Niran , Aekatasanawan Chokechai , Kermanee Prasart , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Xie Juliang , Yue Haiwang , Jia Yinsuo , A Chunhong m
Published: November 2022

Maize (Zea mays L.) yield is greatly affected by the environmental and cultivate pattern. Grain filling and dehydration play important roles in maize grain dry mass accumulation and are important biological processes in maize growth and development. Four maize cultivars were planted at Hebei province with planting densities of 60000 and 75000 plants/ha during 2017-18. The kernel fresh weight and dry weight of four cultivars were measured at 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50 and 57 days after pollination of two planting densities. Logistic model was used to estimate the grain filling process in different environments. The results showed that the maximum filling rates of all cultivars under two planting densities were attained at about 25 days after pollination. The grain filling period was longer under the planting density of 60000 plants/ha. Meanwhile, the grain dehydration was slower. With the increased of planting density, 100-grain weight of per plant decreased while the yield increased. The higher yield was contributed by the larger numbers of plants. It indicated that suitable higher planting density will enhance the yield of maize. Bract, cob and grain water content were significantly correlated. This study indicated a negative effect of dense planting on grain filling.
Editorial
Authors: Buendia Giribaldi Atilio Rodolfo
Published: November 2022

La Revista Científica y Tecnológica FITOVIDA es una revista multidisciplinaria de la Universidad Interamericana para el Desarrollo (UNID), cuyo objetivo principal es divulgar resultados de investigaciones científicas realizadas por la comunidad académica en los diversos campos de la ciencia. La Revista Científica y Tecnológica FITOVIDA promueve y fortalece la investigación exponencial y prospectiva en un contexto de sociedad del conocimiento; por ello, es de acceso abierto (oa.works), sus contenidos están a libre disposición del público e instituciones que requieran de la información, sin ninguna barrera financiera, técnica o de cualquier tipo; la única condición sobre la distribución y reproducción es respetar la propiedad intelectual escrita, citando adecuadamente al autor de la investigación.
La Revista Científica y Tecnológica FITOVIDA es de periodicidad semestral y cuenta con Licencia de Creative Commons Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0), lo que permite a la comunidad científica, académicos y estudiantes “distribuir, remezclar, adaptar y construir sobre el material en cualquier medio o formato, siempre y cuando se dé la atribución al creador”. En esta primera edición Vol. 1, Nº 2, Año 2022; presenta artículos científicos originales e inéditos, que han pasado por un proceso denominado “double-blind peer review”, lo que implica que dos expertos en la materia hayan evaluado los trabajos antes de su publicación.
Desde ya, nuestro agradecimiento a los autores nacionales y extranjeros que han depositado su confianza en la Revista Científica y Tecnológica FITOVIDA.
Sembrío de Inga edulis (guaba) y aporte de macronutrientes en suelos degradados excocales
Authors: Guerra Lu José Kalión , Oré Cierto Luis Eduardo , Loarte Aliaga Wendy Caroline , Oré Cierto Juan Daniel
Published: November 2022

La investigación se planteó el objetivo de determinar el efecto del sembrío de Inga edulis “guaba de 2, 4 y 6 años en el aporte de macronutrientes N, P, K, en suelos degradados ex cocales y su valoración económica. La población fueron los suelos degradados de ex cocales de Ricardo Palma Tingo María. La muestra: suelos degradados ex cocales con Sembrío de Inga edulis “Guaba” de 2, 4, 6 años de tiempo de siembra. El tipo de investigación fue aplicada porque buscó determinar el efecto del sembrío de Inga edulis “Guaba de 2, 4 y 6 años en el aporte de macronutrientes N, P, K, en suelos degradados ex cocales y su valoración económica. Nivel Explicativo porque se analizó el sembrío de Inga edulis “Guaba” y los aportes de macronutrientes en suelos degradados excocales. Como técnicas se utilizaron la observación y el análisis de laboratorio y como instrumentos las fichas de localización, libreta de campo y ficha de análisis. Los resultados muestran que los suelos degradados ex cocales con siembra de Inga edulis “Guaba” de 2 años de edad presentan entre 53.27 a 59.30 % de bases cambiables, y entre 40.70 a 46.73 % de acidez cambiable con saturación de aluminio entre 37.63 a 43.78 %. Los suelos de 4 años presentan entre 74.14 a 83.39 % de bases cambiables, y entre 16.61 a 25.86 % de acidez cambiable con saturación de aluminio entre 14.95 a 25.20 % lo que significa que existe una moderada a alta concentración del aluminio disponible, con presencia de fosfatos de fierro, aluminio y fosfatos de manganeso. Los suelos de 6 años de edad presentan pH entre 5.63 a 6.11 es decir ligeramente ácidos donde los suelos son productivos, debido a que en estos lotes todos los macronutrientes (nitrógeno, fósforo, potasio, calcio, magnesio y azufre), así como los micronutrientes (boro, cobre, zinc, Fe, Molibdeno, etc.). Se concluye que es importante dar mayor valor al cultivo de Inga edulis “Guaba” el mismo que puede ser utilizado en la recuperación de los suelos degradados ex cocales.
Exploration of Management Teaching from the Perspective of Ideological and Political Courses
Authors: Liu Liang , Yang Yufan , Liu Shu , Yang Yirui , Gong Xiujuan , Zhao Yuting
Published: November 2022

As a basic course of management disciplines, management science is the theoretical basis of various other management classification disciplines. It scientifically explains the operation rules and management methods of various organizations, and provides methodological guidance for other disciplines. In the process of management teaching, and dilute the present situation of the value guide, this paper puts forward the ideological elements into the teaching process of management teaching, through ideological elements to deepen the understanding of professional knowledge, at the same time in the process of professional knowledge of students’ ideological and moral construction, cultivate college students who have both ability and political integrity.
Thinking of Two-Way Cohesion at the Young Age of China—Interpretation of the Guiding Opinions on Vigorously Promoting the Scientific Connection Between Kindergartens and Primary Schools
Authors: Tian Xiaoyi , Xu Dong , Wu Liqun , Mou Yurui , Li Zhiqiang , Wang Fengjie , Lei Zijun , Kang Wendi , Fu Yunxin
Published: November 2022

The smooth transition from kindergarten to primary school is of great significance to the healthy development of children in the future. The release of the guiding opinions on vigorously promoting the scientific connection between kindergartens and primary schools clearly puts forward the concept of two-way connection between kindergartens and primary schools for the first time. Its essence is to reshape the reform value of basic education, highlight the concept of good educational ecology, and solve the problem of steep connection from the root. It proposes that kindergartens and primary schools should implement school readiness education and school adaptation education respectively, and through the joint efforts of the government, society, schools and families, establish a dynamic long-term mechanism and supervision mechanism of two-way connection between young and primary schools, so as to promote the benign development of two-way connection between young and primary schools.
KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS ON PRESCRIPTION DRUG ADVERTISEMENT AMONG DENTAL STUDENTS IN CHENNAI
Authors: Mohamad Qulam Zaki Bin Mohamad Rasidi
Published: November 2022

Aim and objectives: The aim of this research is to find out current knowledge and awareness on prescription drug advertisement among dental students especially in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. This helps in gaining knowledge on dental student's awareness in drug advertising based on their previous and current knowledge in medical field.
Materials and Methods: Questionnaire consisting of 15 questions are given through online communication system (Whatsapp Apps) with attached link to the online questionnaire that had been prepared earlier (http://app.surveyplanet.com). 120 students from 4 dental institutions in Chennai took part in this survey.
Results: Awareness of dental students in Chennai is calculated based on their best answer response toward the prescription drug advertising based on their current knowledge. Collecting all responses, most of them heard or have seen prescription drug advertisement from television (31.67%) and internet (29.17%). Other students have heard about it on television or seen it through newspaper (16.67%), magazines (29.17%), and 10.00% students have not heard or seen any advertisement about it. Majority of students (58.33%) do not know what content are not required to be advertised, and 41.67% knew about it. Most of the respondents (35.00%) are not sure about the drug advertising regulations in their country, 34.17% are not aware and only 30.83% claimed that they are aware about the regulations. All of the respondents (100%) recommend the patients for specialist consultation before taking any drugs.
Conclusion: The prescription drug advertisement is very important in dental health care because it will determine the success of any treatment done. The misuse of prescription drugs may lead to negative consequences that may affect the treatment. The higher percentage of awareness might be due to the knowledge the students acquire of dental syllabus before entering the clinical years.
Clinical Features and Treatment Outcome of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Admitted to SPHMMC, Addis Ababa: A 3 Years Retrospective Study
Authors: Sileshi Rahel , Kebede Eyerusalem , Jemaneh Biniyam , Kassa Betelhem , Berhanu Mikiyas , Lulseged Belayneh
Published: November 2022

Background: Acute coronary syndrome is increasingly becoming a common cause of cardiovascular mortality in developing countries. Even though, there is an introduction of limited percutaneous coronary intervention and thrombolytic therapies, in-hospital mortality due to acute coronary syndrome still remains high in Ethiopia. Objectives: To assess the clinical features and treatment outcome of patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to the emergency department of Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted at Saint Paul’s hospital emergency department. All patients who had a final diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The collected data was entered & analyzed using statistical package for social science(SPSS) version 23. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the variables in the study and the result was presented with text, figures and tables. Results: Analysis was performed for 170 patients which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There was a strong male predominance. The mean age of patients was 54.65 ± 14.45 years. The main risk factor was hypertension, found in 53.5% of cases and the most common presenting symptom was chest pain found in 90.6% of patients. Diagnosis of ST- elevation myocardial infarction in 71.8% of patients and non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome in 28.2% was made by the combination electrocardiographic features and troponin assay. Heart failure was the commonest complication seen in 18.8% of the patients. In-hospital mortality was 25.2%. Conclusions: Acute coronary syndrome affected patients in this study at a relatively younger age than the western population and their presentation to the emergency department was very late leading to high mortality rates.
Investigation of the Historical Development of the Inkwell from Antiquity to the Present in the Light of Terracotta, Faience, Metal and Glass Artifacts
Authors: SOSLU Ayşegül
Published: November 2022

The invention of writing in ancient times is a literary beginning of the record archive for mankind. While the records in this archive were initially processed on elements such as stone, clay, wax and wood, in the later process they were processed on easy-to-write elements such as papyrus, parchment and paper. The substance used to write on them is ink. The functional properties of the ink such as long-term use, preservation of quality and no odor have been made possible by the use of inkwells. In this study, it is aimed to examine the inkwells made of terracotta, tile, metal and glass chronologically, to deal with their forms, to determine their place among writing and writing instruments and to deal with their historical development as a whole.
Factores determinantes de la calidad del servicio del transporte público de pasajeros en un Terminal Terrestre Municipal del Perú
Authors: Valderrama Reyes Oscar Ulises , Florián Plasencia Roque Wilmar
Published: November 2022

La calidad del servicio de transporte público de pasajeros, constituye un paradigma imperante frente a los cuestionamientos de los usuarios y a la vez una problemática latente que necesita  una solución inmediata. El estudio tuvo por propósito aportar con evidencia empírica al establecer y valorar los factores determinantes que vienen condicionando la calidad del servicio de transporte de personas en un terminal terrestre municipal del Perú. Constituye un estudio de enfoque metodológico cuantitativo y diseño no experimental, descriptivo correlacional causal. Su tipo de muestra fue probabilística y técnica de muestreo estratificado con afijación proporcional, de acuerdo a su género y grupo etario, integrada por 297 pasajeros del terminal terrestre. Para el recojo de datos se empleó la encuesta, mediante el uso de dos escalas valorativas. Entre sus resultados se encontró que los factores de transporte público de pasajeros son valorados en un nivel regular con tendencia a malo. A su vez, la calidad del servicio de transporte es percibida como medianamente satisfactoria. Concluyendo que, los factores referidos al conductor, a los vehículos, los reguladores y a los usuarios son determinantes para brindar un servicio de transporte de pasajeros de calidad. Lo que implica la existencia de una discrepancia  entre las  expectativas del servicio que tiene el pasajero y  la percepción del servicio recibido.
Genetic Diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from a Rural Community in the Philippines
Authors: Poblete Jonnel , Montoya Jaime , Ang Concepcion , Rivera Pilarita , Kato Seiya , Keicho Naoto , Maeda Shinji , Miyabayashi Akiko , Lopez Anna Lena , Aldaba Josephine , Sylim Patrick , Geraldino Xenia , Salonga Aida , Ama Cindy
Published: November 2022

Background: Despite the high tuberculosis (TB) burden in the Philippines, data on genetic diversity and transmission dynamics of M. tuberculosis remains sparse. This study aims to determine the prevalent genotype of M. tuberculosis isolates obtained from a rural community and the factors associated with genotype and clustering. Methods: 125 culture-positive isolates from symptomatic Filipino patients aged 15 and above from San Juan, Batangas were genotyped using combined spoligotyping and 15-loci MIRU-VNTR. Clustering rate was used as an index for recent transmission. Results: EAI2_Manila was the most prevalent genotype (121/125, 96.8%) followed by Beijing (2/125, 1.6%), EAI5 (1/125, 0.8%), and LAM2 (1/125, 0.8%). Genotype was statistically associated with sex (p = 0.025) and polyresistance to RMP + SM (p = 0.032). The clustering rate was 26.4%. The majority of the clustered isolates were from male patients (40/48, 83.3%), 15–49 yr old (36/48, 75.0%), smear-positive cases (41/48, 85.4%), and with low bacillary load (44/48, 91.7%). Clustered isolates were associated with age groups (p = 0.01) and smear positivity (p = 0.037). No association was observed between clustered isolates and drug resistance. Conclusion: This study provides important baseline data on the predominance of EAI2_Manila strain in a rural community in the Philippines using classical genotyping techniques. The recent transmission was observed among isolates obtained from younger patients and smear-positive samples. Larger community-based prospective studies in the Philippines are recommended using techniques with higher discriminatory power like whole-genome sequencing to further evaluate the EAI2_Manila genotype.
Determining Shell Shape Differences in the Horse Mussels Modiolus philippinarum (Hanley 1843) and Modiolus modulaides (Röding 1798) by Morphometric Analysis
Authors: Uba Kaent Immanuel
Published: November 2022

In the present study, shell morphological variations of the horse mussel species Modiolus philippinarum and Modiolus modulaides have been explored by the means of linear morphometrics for size and landmark-based geometric morphometrics for shape. Linear morphometrics revealed significant differences in shell length [t(298) = –6.29, p = 1.08 x 10–9), shell height [t(298) = 10.60, p = 1.74 x 10–22], shell width [t(298) = 2.13, p = 0.034], PAMS or posterior adductor muscle scar length [t(298) = 2.16, p = 0.032], hinge length [t(298) = 2.26, p = 0.025], umbo length [t(298) = –5.54, p = 6.73 x 10–8], and anterior length [t(298) = –5.59, p = 5.16 x 10–8] between species. However, upon the use of these morphometric characters to develop an index that will easily discriminate the species, only the relationships of shell length vs. shell width and hinge length were significant (ANCOVA, width/ length F = 18.45, p = 0.0001; hinge/length F = 7.76, p = 0.005) but an invariably high overlap between species was observed resulting in a 23.3% misclassification rate. Contrastingly, the analysis of shape variables through landmark-based geometric morphometrics revealed significant differences in shell shape between the two species [MANOVA, Wilk’s λ = 0.01, F(24,335) = 941.4, p = 3.47 x 10–291] with a 0.0% misclassification rate. Generally, M. modulaides were found to have an elongated shell while M. philippinarum was compressed and convex. Also, visualization through thin-plate spline expansion factor plots revealed that variability in shell shape between the species occurred mostly in the posterior and ventral region of the shell and was attributed to the species ecology. The findings of the present study encourage the use of geometric morphometric methods in species delineation, especially when ecotypes or sibling species are present.
First Taxonomic Records of Epizoic Freshwater Algae on Golden Apple Snails (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck) from Rice Paddies in Laguna (Philippines)
Authors: Arguelles Eldrin
Published: November 2022

In rice paddies where hard substrate is considered as a limiting resource, the hard shell of mollusks can serve as a primary settling space of algal epibionts. The study presents the first taxonomic survey to report and describe epizoic algae in freshwater snail – golden apple snail (GAS) (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck) – found in agricultural areas. A total of 17 microalgal taxa belonging to 12 orders, 16 families, and 17 genera were taxonomically identified and described from the collected samples, all of which are considered new distributional records of microalgae in the Philippines. The study shows Cyanobacteria (six species) as the main group of epizoic microalgae present in shell surfaces of the mollusk, followed by Bacillariophyceae (four species), Chlorophyceae (three species), Zygnematophyceae (two species), Trebouxiophyceae (one species), and Euglenophyceae (one species). Also, the survey reported the occurrence of a photosynthetic euglenoid, Phacus hamatus Pochmann, described for the first time in the Philippines. Diagnostic descriptions and taxonomic keys are presented to differentiate the epizoic algal taxa associated with GAS. The survey shows important taxonomic records on the composition and species diversity of epizoic algae from freshwater snails found in terrestrial habitats of the Philippines.