bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morfología vegetativa de Phytelephas macrocarpa en el noroeste de la Amazonía peruana
Authors: Yupe-Rosero Karlene , Escobar Sebastián , Mejía Kember , Cano-Guevara Johnny , Tapia Joyner , Salazar-Vega Ángel Alejandro , Rodríguez-Cabrera E. Hanz , Rodríguez del-Castillo Ángel Martín
Published: September 2024

El aprovechamiento incontrolado de los recursos de Phytelephas macrocarpa y la deforestación han disminuido las poblaciones naturales de la especie cercanas a los centros poblados. En este estudio nos propusimos evaluar la morfología vegetativa de Phytelephas macrocarpa para comprender la variabilidad de sus poblaciones al noroeste de la Amazonía peruana. Para ello, se tuvieron en cuenta 28 caracteres (18 cuantitativos y 10 cualitativos) de 180 individuos adultos, que se compararon mediante las pruebas ANOVA y Kruskal-Wallis y se sometieron a análisis multivariados de agrupamiento jerárquico y de componentes principales. Por último, con un análisis de correlación de Spearman se estimó la asociación entre caracteres, la mayoría de los cuales presentaron una gran variación (<20 %) y fueron significativamente diferentes (p<0,05). Se formaron dos grupos con base en el hábito de la palmera: el primero incluyó los individuos acaulescentes, con hojas de mayor longitud, y el segundo, individuos con tallos decumbentes a erectos y hojas más cortas. El análisis de componentes principales (ACP) demostró que las poblaciones más variables fueron las de Andiviela, Caynarachi, Palestina y Shapaja. Las asociaciones más marcadas fueron las de la longitud de la hoja con la del raquis (0,94) y la del diámetro basal del raquis con el diámetro medio del peciolo (0,85). Estos datos demuestran la variabilidad de los caracteres vegetativos de Phytelephas macrocarpa y sirven como referencia para el aprovechamiento sostenible de las poblaciones con hojas de mayor tamaño.
Recommended Summary Plan for Emergency Care and Treatment [ReSPECT] Report Subtitle: A Rapid Literature Review
Authors:   University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, White Deborah , Beddow Charlotte ,   University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Budd Sharon ,   University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Lipas Konstantinos ,   University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Nair Ambika ,   University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Randall Erika ,   University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Ting Jeffrey ,   University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, O'Connell Bridget ,   University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Lees-Deutsch Liz ,   Coventry University, UK,   University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust
Published: September 2024

In January 2024, a multi-professional Critically Appraised Topic (CAT) group was established to support a rapid review of literature related to Recommended Summary Plan for Emergency Care and Treatment (ReSPECT). A CAT group is a community of practice with a common interest to assess what is known/not known on a given topic in clinical practice by assessing the evidence. A rapid review uses all the traditional tools and process expected for any high-quality systematic review (Appendix 1). It is made rapid by limiting the breadth of databases searched, using a very focused literature review question with clearly defined parameters. Rapidity in this case was also achieved through the group approach contributing to each stage of the review process. In our case this review was completed in 6 months with contributions of 6 members of clinical staff. A CAT group is a pragmatic process which aims to establish key evidence to inform practice rather than publish new evidence. Dissemination of further information will be achieved through production of an abstract, poster and this report.
Perú-Ecuador: Una experiencia exitosa de paz y buena vecindad
Authors: Novak Fabián , Namihas Sandra
Published: September 2024

Las relaciones entre el Perú y el Ecuador estuvieron marcadas, hasta 1998, por la desconfianza y numerosos incidentes y conflictos militares, que repercutieron negativamente en todos los campos de nuestra relación bilateral. La frontera más que un espacio de encuentro y cooperación, fue vista como un elemento disociador y de enfrentamiento, lo que no solo alejó a los agentes privados de cualquier iniciativa de comercio y de inversión sino también a los propios Estados. Esta situación, sin embargo, variaría positivamente tras los acuerdos de paz celebrados en octubre de 1998, iniciándose un largo proceso de cooperación e incremento del nivel de nuestras relaciones en el campo económico, comercial, social, cultural, entre otros, convirtiéndose en una valiosa experiencia de paz y buena vecindad para la región y el mundo entero. Precisamente, motivado por esta valiosa experiencia, el Instituto de Estudios Internacionales (IDEI) de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú con el apoyo de la Fundación Konrad Adenauer, decidió realizar una investigación que no solo realizara una evaluación de los primeros once años de ejecución de los acuerdos de paz, sino también analizara los factores que hicieron posible alcanzar esos acuerdos y asimismo los factores que han permitido construir una nueva relación entre ambos países. Para tal efecto, ha resultado particularmente importante entrevistar a muchos actores del proceso, que desinteresadamente aceptaron colaborar con esta obra. Creemos que más allá de los cambios de Gobierno o de las diferencias de modelos de desarrollo que puedan existir en estos dos países, se ha alcanzado un nivel de madurez en la relación bilateral que se fortalece día a día, y que es necesario cuidar y preservar. En tal sentido, esperamos que esta publicación contribuya a este noble propósito, en la esperanza de alejar para siempre el fantasma de la guerra.
Molecular Characterization of Aspergillus niger Van Tieghem Isolates by Using Rapd Markers
Authors: Chavda H.C. , Diwan Saleha , Prajapati B.K. , Brahmbhatt A.B.
Published: September 2024

Background: Aspergillus niger Van Tiegham is a filamentous, ubiquitous and cosmopolitan fungus, commonly known as “black mould” or black aspergilli. A. niger is responsible for causing diseases in plants, humans and animals. A. niger causes black mould disease during post-harvest stage of garlic bulbs. The potential of RAPD technique for identifying DNA marker related to the intraspecific diversification of the pathogen led us to instigate the genetic diversity within A. niger. Methods: A PCR-based technique, involving the random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), was used for assessing genomic variability among the ten isolates of A. niger isolated from infected garlic bulbs. RAPD- PCR conditions were optimized for eight primers of series OPA and POC out of 40 total primers. Result: RAPD results were evaluated by a statistical software Minitab and a phylogenetic tree was prepared. The primer OPA-8, OPA-12, OPC-1, OPC-2, OPA-7 and OPC-18 showed 100 per cent polymorphism, among the A. niger isolates.
Determination of Nurses' Knowledge Levels Regarding Intramuscular Injection to the Ventrogluteal Area
Authors: Barış Eren Nadiye
Published: September 2024

This study was aimed to determine nurses' knowledge levels regarding ventrogluteal (VG) area injection. This descriptive and cross-sectional study involved 121 nurses in Türkiye between December 2018 and March 2019. The nurses' descriptive characteristics form and the knowledge suggestions form were completed. Statistical analyzes included the Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis test, and Spearman correlation. It was found that 61.2% of the nurses received training for the VG area, most nurses (69.4%) never injected the VG area, and 59.5% of those who applied it only once a week. The correct mean of nurses' information suggestions regarding VG area injection was 6.76±3.92. There was a statistically significant difference between the knowledge levels of those over the age of 40 (Mean Rank=45.97) and those under the age of 30 (Mean Rank=70.73) (P=0.022). It was found that the knowledge level of nurses who received training on VG injection, applied VG injection in the department where they worked, and who applied VG injection at least once a week were higher than the others (P
C-Space-Based Toolpath Generation for Five-Axis Controlled Machining with Special Tools
Authors: Okamoto Ken , Morishige Koichi
Published: September 2024

This paper describes a method for generating toolpaths based on machining strategies for five-axis controlled machining using special tools. Traditionally, most toolpath generation studies focused on ball-end mills, proposing strategic methods to achieve high-quality machining while avoiding tool interference. Recently, special finishing tools with large cutting edge radii have gained interest for achieving higher machining efficiency. These special tools can produce smooth finished surfaces even with large pick-feed widths, leading to higher productivity. However, unlike conventional machining with ball-end mills, five-axis controlled machining using special tools lacks standardized work design procedures. This study proposes a generic tool-geometry data format for defining special tool geometries and a method for generating toolpaths using this data format. This method strategically treats special tools as conventional ball-end mills. Consequently, five-axis controlled machining for new tool geometries can be achieved using existing operational procedures. To generate toolpaths, this study utilizes a two-dimensional configuration space (C-Space). For special tools with multiple cutting edge radii, the relationship between the tool posture and cutting edge contact point is clarified by mapping the cutting edge radius information onto the C-Space. By employing this mapped cutting edge information, we can determine the interference-free tool posture corresponding to the chosen cutting edge section based on the machining strategy. Finally, the paper presents machining simulations and experiments conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Catagenesis of Organic Matter and Petroleum Potential of Proterozoic and Phanerozoic Deposits of the Anabar–Khatanga Saddle
Authors: Fomin A.N.
Published: September 2024

—The degree of organic-matter (OM) maturation in Proterozoic, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic deposits in the Anabar–Khatanga saddle has been determined from examination of the reflectance of macerals (mainly vitrinite). The Proterozoic deposits contain only graphite inclusions of uncertain origin. In the Cambrian, Devonian, and Carboniferous strata, OM has transformed predominantly to apocatagenesis grades (AC2–3). Similarly transformed OM (AC1–3) is found in the lower Permian Tustakh and Lower Kozhevnikova formations. In some wells and areas, the degree of OM catagenesis is not higher than МC12–МC2 grades (classification after A.E. Kontorovich). In the Upper Kozhevnikova Formation, catagenesis grades are within МC11–АC1 in the upper Permian and within МC11–МC32 in the Triassic. In the Jurassic deposits, OM has transformed to early mesocatagenesis grades (МC11–МC12) and reached MC2 at the most deeply buried segments. In the Cretaceous strata, OM is less transformed, corresponding to PC3–МC11 or, seldom, higher grades of catagenesis. Some complexes in the Permian, Triassic, and Jurassic–Cretaceous deposits with OM of moderate maturity might be petroleum-promising.
Composition of Phlogopite from Ultramafic Lamprophyres as an Indicator of Formation Conditions (Zima Alkaline Ultramafic Carbonatite Complex, Southern Siberian Craton)
Authors: Nugumanova Ya.N. , Doroshkevich A.G. , Starikova A.E. , Ponomarchuk A.V.
Published: September 2024

––The paper presents data on the age and composition of phlogopite from dikes of ultramafic lamprophyres (aillikites) of the Zima Complex located within the Urik–Iya graben in the East Sayan region (southern margin of the Siberian craton). Samples for study were taken from postcarbonatite dikes of the Bol’shaya Tagna intrusion, Bushkanai dike, and Yuzhnaya volcanic pipe. The studied samples consist of olivine macrocrysts and fully crystallized groundmass composed mainly of phlogopite, perovskite, minerals of spinel and apatite groups, carbonates, and other minerals. Phlogopite is a typical groundmass mineral in the ultramafic lamprophyres of the Zima alkaline ultramafic carbonatite complex. It was also found in polycrystalline inclusions in olivines and in polyphase inclusions in chromites. In the studied samples, the groundmass phlogopite has tabular zoned crystals of greatly varying size and composition. The phlogopite grains show mainly a reverse zoning, with the cores composed of ferruginous high-alumina phlogopite. The intricate zoning probably resulted from the mixing of two magmas. The cores of phlogopites of the Zima Complex aillikites (with Al2O3 = 14–18 wt.%, FeO = 7–18 wt.%, and TiO2 = 3–6 wt.%) formed from early portions of a more evolved aillikite melt. Phlogopite with Al2O3 = 10–14 wt.%, FeO = 4–10 wt.%, and TiO2 = 1–2 wt.% crystallized from the parental aillikite magma. The phlogopite age of the Bol’shaya Tagna aillikites is 635 ± 7 Ma (TGK 3). The age of phlogopite from the Yuzhnaya pipe aillikites is 647 ± 7 Ma (BZT 4/21). The two ages are consistent with the time of formation of Neoproterozoic alkaline ultramafic carbonatite complexes of the Siberian craton and of other occurrences of aillikites resulted from the extension of the Rodinia lithosphere.
Whole genome analysis of Plasmodium malariae identifies reduced susceptibility to pyrimethamine, validated using ortholog replacement in P. knowlesi
Authors: Ibrahim Amy , Mohring Franziska , Manko Emilia , Schalkwyk Donelly van , Phelan Jody , Nolder Debbie , Borrmann Steffen , Adegnika Ayôla , Santi Silvia Di , Alam Mohammad Shafiul , Mondal Dinesh , Nosten François , Sutherland Colin , Moon Robert , Clark Taane , Campino Susana
Published: September 2024

Plasmodium malariae parasites are widely observed across the tropics and sub-tropics. This slow-growing species, known to maintain chronic asymptomatic infections, has been associated with reduced antimalarial susceptibility. We analyse 251 P. malariae genomes, and leveraging 131,601 high-quality SNPs, demonstrate segregation of African and Asian isolates. Signals of recent evolutionary selection were identified in genes encoding putative surface proteins (pmmsp1) and putative erythrocyte invasion proteins (pmdpap3, pmrbp2, pmnif4). Amino acid substitutions were identified in orthologs of genes associated with antimalarial susceptibility including 2 amino acid substitutions in pmdhfr aligning with pyrimethamine resistance mutations in P. falciparum. Additionally, we characterise pmdhfr mutation F57L and demonstrate its involvement in reduced susceptibility to pyrimethamine for the first time in a parasite assay. We validate CRISPR-Cas9 mediated ortholog replacement in P. knowlesi parasites to determine the function of pmdhfr mutations and demonstrate that circulating pmdhfr genotypes are less susceptible to pyrimethamine.
Efficient light upconversion via resonant exciton-exciton annihilation of dark excitons in few-layer transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Chen Shao-Yu , Chen Yi-Hsun , Lo Ping-Yuan , Boschen Kyle , Peng Guan-Hao , Huang Chun-Jui , Holtzman Luke , Hsu Chih-En , Hsu Yung-Ning , Holbrook Madisen , Wang Wei-Hua , Barmak Katayun , Hone James , Hawrylak Pawel , Hsueh Hung-Chung , Davis Jeffrey , Cheng Shun-Jen , Fuhrer Michael
Published: September 2024

Materials capable of light upconversion—transforming low-energy photons into higher-energy ones—are pivotal in advancing optoelectronics, energy solutions, and photocatalysis. However, the discovery in various materials pays little attention on few-layer transition metal dichalcogenides, primarily due to their indirect bandgaps and weaker light-mater interactions. Here, we report a pronounced light upconversion in few-layer transition metal dichalcogenides through upconversion photoluminescence spectroscopy. Our joint theory-experiment study attributes the upconversion photoluminescence to a resonant exciton-exciton annihilation involving a pair of dark excitons with opposite momenta, followed by the spontaneous emission of upconverted bright excitons, which can have a high upconversion efficiency. Additionally, the upconversion photoluminescence is generic in MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2, showing a high tuneability from green to ultraviolet light (2.34–3.1 eV). The findings pave the way for further exploration of light upconversion regarding fundamental properties and device applications in two-dimensional semiconductors.
Patterns of oviposition site selection of four sympatric species of amphibians in ephemeral streams
Authors: Oh Dogeun , Kang Jaehun , Song Uhram , Ahn JeongYoon , Kang Changku
Published: September 2024

Many oviparous animals are selective about where to lay eggs, as this greatly affects their offspring’s survival. Theoretically, species sharing the same habitat are expected to experience similar selective pressures, leading to the prediction that they might share similar oviposition preferences. However, this hypothesis has not yet been tested. In this study, through an extensive field survey, we examined the oviposition site selection of four sympatric amphibian species (Rana uenoi, Hynobius quelpaertensis, Bombina orientalis, and Dryophytes japonicus) that reproduce in the same natural ephemeral stream. Our focus was on understanding how abiotic and biotic factors influence their reproductive choices. We primarily found that drought avoidance is a universal selective pressure affecting all species, with a tendency to avoid laying eggs in smaller pools prone to drought. Species-specific responses to leaf litter and canopy coverage were observed, but none of the species' oviposition choices correlated with the quantity of stones in pools. We also explored biotic influences, revealing species-specific trends in the selection of pools with conspecific and heterospecific juveniles, predators, and mosquito larvae, indicating a complex ecological interplay. These findings highlight the complexity of ovipositional patterns in animals, where decisions are not driven solely by a single factor such as the avoidance of predators or competitors but also by intricate assessments of multiple factors. The study highlights that amphibian oviposition in ephemeral streams is influenced by a diverse interplay of biotic and abiotic factors, essential for understanding their reproductive strategies in dynamic environments.
Patients with Type-2 Diabetes are at greater risk of developing new hypertension and chronic kidney disease following COVID-19
Authors: Lu Justin , Mehrotra-Varma Shiv , Wang Stephen , Boparai Montek , Henry Sonya , Mehrotra-Varma Jai , Duong Tim
Published: September 2024

Aims. To test the hypothesis that COVID-19 status increases the incidence of new hypertension (HTN) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods. This retrospective study consisted of 46448 patients with T2D from the Montefiore Health System in the Bronx (3/01/2020–7/01/2023), of which 13801 had a positive COVID-19 test. Contemporary controls included those hospitalized for other lower-respiratory-tract infections (LRTI, n=1638) and nonhospitalized patients without COVID-19 or LRTI (n=32647). Outcomes were assessed at follow-up (2 months to 3 years) relative to baseline. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) were computed.
Results. The cumulative incidences of HTN (HR=1.84, 95% CI [1.34, 2.22], p<0.001) and CKD (HR=1.97, 95% CI [1.57, 2.43], p<0.001) were significantly higher in non-hospitalized COVID-19 compared to non-COVID-19 patients, but not between patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and LRTI (p>0.05). Non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients had higher odds of developing HTN compared to non-COVID patients during all follow-up (aOR 1.99, 95% CI [1.54, 2.57], p<0.001), but hospitalized COVID-19 patients had similar odds of developing HTN relative to patients hospitalized for LRTI (aOR 1.26, 95% CI [0.70, 2.27], p=0.441). Non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients had higher odds of developing CKD compared to non-COVID patients during all follow-up (aOR 2.09, 95% CI [1.69, 2.76], p<0.001), but hospitalized COVID-19 patients had similar odds of developing CKD relative to patients hospitalized for LRTI (aOR 0.96, 95% CI [0.79, 1.36], p=0.131).
Conclusions. T2D patients with COVID-19 were at higher risk of developing new disorders compared to their counterparts. Identifying individuals at-risk could help manage long COVID-19 disorders in T2D patients.
Associations between home- and community-based services (HCBSs) and depressive symptoms in older adults: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey in China
Authors: CHEN Yifang , zuo xinyi
Published: September 2024

Background There is growing evidence in Europe and American discovered that the Home- and community-based services (HCBSs) are widely used for older people (aged ≥ 60 years); To date, however no published evidence has discussed the correlation between HCBSs and depressive symptoms in older adults in China. Objective This cross-sectional survey aimed to examine the relationship between HCBSs and depressive symptoms in older people. In addition, this study explored the relationship between internet use and depression risk in elderly people at the individual and provincial levels and in rural and urban subgroups. Methods The survey of CHARLS used a multistage probability-proportional-to-size (PPS) sampling technique. Province-level socioeconomic characteristics were merged with microdata for respondents over 60 years of age from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS 2020) Wave 5 (n = 10,036) by author. The respondents were asked whether they used the HCBSs. Depression was assessed using the 10-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D 10). The chi-square test was used to explore whether HCBSs were related to mental health status. A binary logistic regression model was used to determine this association further after controlling for confounding factors. Results Overall, 24.8% (2155/8692) of the participants used HCBSs. Regression analyses revealed that older adults who utilized HCBSs (OR = 0.486, 95% CI: 0.404–0.585, P < .001) had a lower risk of depressive symptoms than those who did not utilize HCBSs. In addition, older adults who were female(P = .001), single(P < .001), illiterate(P < .001), living in rural areas(P < .001), without retirement pensions(P < .001), with health insurance(P < .001) and with very poor Self rated Health Index(SRH)(P < .001) had a greater risk of depressive symptoms. For province-level characteristics, older adults living in provinces with the number of beds in medical institutions per 10,000 persons in the second quartile were more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms while there is no effect between depression and gross domestic product (GDP). Conclusions HCBSs had a positive effect on depression of older adults who was lived in rural. However, the rate of HCBSs usage remains low among older Chinese people. Therefore, the HCBSs penetration rate should be a priority especially in rural areas.
Decriminalizing suicide: The 2017 Mental Healthcare Act and suicide mortality in India, 2001-2020
Authors: Ganguli Devoja , Singh Parvati , Das Abhery
Published: September 2024

Purpose: We examine whether decriminalization of suicides in India following the 2017 Mental Health Act corresponds with changes in suicide mortality overall and by level of state development.
Methods: As our outcome, we utilize counts of suicides from the National Crime Records Bureau across 35 Indian states from 2001- 2020. For our exposure, we use a binary indicator for the decriminalization of suicide following 2018. We use fixed effect Poisson regression models that include population offsets and adjust for time trends, literacy, gross state domestic product, and infant mortality.
Results: We find no relation between decriminalization of suicides and overall suicide mortality (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR): 1.037; 95% CI (0.510 - 2.107)). Stratification by level of state development shows that less developed states saw an increase in suicide mortality by 1.9 times following decriminalization, compared to prior years (IRR: 1.859; 95% CI (1.028 – 3.364)).
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that decriminalization did not coincide with a decline in suicide mortality in the country, thereby highlighting the need for improved mental health infrastructure and support in India, especially in less developed states.
Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on paroxysmal sympathetic hyperexcitability with acquired brain injury and cortical excitability: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled pilot study
Authors: Liu Mingrui , Li Yuanyuan , Zhao Jiayi , Liu Baohu , Duan Guoping , Guo Qing , Ye Zelin , Zhang Xu , Wang Chaolu , Wu Dongyu
Published: September 2024

Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperexcitation (PSH) refers to a clinical syndrome characterized by a sudden increase in sympathetic excitability caused by severe brain injury. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and practicality of combining transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with medication to treat PSH and employ non-linear electroencephalography (EEG) to assess changes in cortical activation post-intervention. 40 PSH patients were randomly assigned to receive either active tDCS or sham tDCS treatment over an 8-week period. The tDCS stimulation targeted the prefrontal area, left frontal-temporal-parietal cortex, right frontal-temporal-parietal cortex, and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Both patient groups also underwent medication and other conventional therapies. The Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity Assessment Measure (PSH-AM), Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R), medication dosage, and approximate entropy (ApEn) index were assessed before and after treatment. The active tDCS group exhibited more substantial improvements in changes of PSH-AM, changes of CRS-R, and medication reduction ratios compared to the sham tDCS group after the treatment. After treatment and during follow-up, a significantly greater number of patients in the active tDCS group demonstrated clinically important differences compared to the sham tDCS group. The active tDCS group showed significantly higher ApEn indices in the less affected frontal lobe compared to the control group. No significant differences in ApEn indices were noted in the sham tDCS group before and after treatment. Regression analysis revealed that the group (active tDCS/sham tDCS) was the primary factor associated with improving PSH-AM. Therefore, we believe that in patients with PSH, combining tDCS with medication therapy demonstrated superior clinical efficacy compared to medication therapy alone. Electrophysiological results also indicated enhanced cortical excitability. Therefore, multi-target and multi-session tDCS combined with medication may be an effective treatment protocol for PSH.
Surgical anesthesia in a patient with a pheochromocytoma crisis supported by ECMO：A Case Report
Authors: chen minjuan , yan wei , yang zhihai , hong tao , jin lingling , Cao donghang
Published: September 2024

Pheochromocytoma is rare in the clinic, and patients with pheochromocytomas mainly present with headache, high blood pressure and sweating. Patients who develop a pheochromocytoma crisis are particularly rare. This report describes the case of a patient in a pheochromocytoma crisis who presented with severe cardiogenic shock, acute respiratory failure, and acute coronary syndrome, who ultimately underwent surgery under general anesthesia with the support of ECMO, and who was discharged healthy.
Lead (Pb) tolerance in the ectomycorrhizal fungi Suillus brevipes and S. tomentosus
Authors: Leary William , Johnson Matthew , Fletcher Jessica , Branco Sara
Published: September 2024

Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic metal and a contaminant of many soils across the world. Some fungi are known to be Pb tolerant, persisting in environments with high Pb levels. Here we investigate Pb tolerance in Suillus brevipes and S. tomentosus, two widespread ectomycorrhizal fungal species in the American West where soil contamination due to mining is common. We conducted in vitro growth assays, exposing previously studied isolates to a range of Pb concentrations. We found S. tomentosus to be more Pb tolerant compared to S. brevipes and that isolates from the two species showed both high and low Pb tolerance. Surprisingly, there were no correlations between Pb tolerance and Pb soil concentration, isolate growth rate, or Zn tolerance. Pb tolerance was positively correlated with Cd tolerance in S. tomentosus. Our research contributes for understanding fungal metal tolerance and paves the way for future work addressing the mechanisms of Pb tolerance and the potential for using Suillus in the recovery of contaminated sites.
Predicting the Impact of Mobile Field Hospital Deployment in Reducing Patients Mean Wait Times in Emergency Departments: An Agent-Based Simulation Approach
Authors: Amakama Nimisingha Jacob , Duserre Gilles , Cadiere Axelle , Schuette R. Wade
Published: September 2024

Mean wait time (MWT) in emergency departments refer to the average time patients spend undergoing evaluation, or treatment at each stage, which can be significantly affected by sudden onsets of a disaster. Agent-based modeling (ABM) is a computational technique that simulates the interactions and behaviors of individual agents in a defined environment and enables the study of complex systems by observing the emergent outcomes of agent-agent and agent-environment interactions. This study examines the capability of ABMs in assessing the impact of response operations on hospital emergency departments mean wait time in a post-explosion scenario for an oil and gas industry. The methodology of this study involves the use of an agent-based modelling and simulation tool (NetLogo 6.3.0) to represent the interaction of agents within an emergency response system defined by rules, goals and decision protocols. The response policy includes both a traditional approach and a collaborative intervention through the use of a mobile field hospital (MFH). The dataset was generated, sampled and analyzed using the BehaviorSpace and Pandas tools, respectively. The results of the simulation study show that the strategic use of MFH for a collaborative response resulted in lower MWT, indicating higher effectiveness and efficiency of response efforts. This study highlights the need to generate potential results and test how response strategies might influence emergency department wait times and demonstrates the capability of simulation techniques in modeling complex systems. This could serve as an important tool for training health workers and disaster managers on emergency response and preparedness.
Two $T$-linear scattering-rate regimes in the triangular lattice Hubbard model
Authors: Fournier Jérôme , Downey Pierre-Olivier , Hébert Charles-David , Charlebois Maxime , Tremblay André-Marie
Published: September 2024

In recent years, the TT-linear scattering rate found at low temperatures, defining the strange metal phase of cuprates, has been a subject of interest. Since a wide range of materials have a scattering rate that obeys the equation $ / ≈ k_B T$, the idea of a universal Planckian limit on the scattering rate has been proposed. However, there is no consensus on proposed theories yet. In this work, we present our results for the TT-linear scattering rate in the triangular lattice Hubbard model obtained using the dynamical cluster approximation. We find two regions with TT-linear scattering rate in the TT-pp phase diagram: one emerges from the pseudogap to correlated Fermi liquid phase transition at low doping, whereas the other is solely caused by large interaction strength at large doping.
ALGAL FLORA OF SUGAR INDUSTRY WASTE WATER
Authors:   Department of Botany, S.V. Collage, Mantha, Dist-Jalna-431504 (M.S.) India., Dattatraya Magar Satish
Published: September 2024

Sugar industry waste water is one of the sources of water pollution. It is rich in organic contents. This polluted water can affect the growth of certain organisms as well as provide nutrients to other organisms. During present research work algal diversity, and physico chemical assessment of sugar industry waste water has been studied. The experimental work was carried out for two consecutive years i.e. from Jun 2015 to May 2017. Algal samples were collected at monthly intervals from waste water of Maa Bageshwari sugar industry located at Partur tahsil of Jalna district of Maharashtra. Physico chemical assessment of sugar industry wastewater was performed by selecting certain physico chemical parameters. A total of 48 species under 29 genera belonged to Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Euglenophyceae and Cyanophyceae were identified and recorded. Cyanophycean algal texa dominated algal flora.
A CLINICOHAEMATOLOGICAL STUDY IN PANCYTOPENIA
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, India., Vaghani Jayshri , Marakana Nirali ,   Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, India., Tandel Himali ,   Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, India., Goswami Hansa ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, India.
Published: September 2024

Objectives: 1. Tostudythecausesandclinicalpresentationsofpancytopenia. 2. ToevaluateHaematologicalparametersinpancytopeniaalongwithBoneMarrow Examination. Methods: AretrospectivestudywasconductedatdepartmentofPathologyfromJuly2017to Feb 2020. 20 cases of pancytopenia were evaluated clinically, along with haematological parameters. Results:Among20casesstudied,Maximumnumberofcases wasintheagegroupof21 -30 years (40%) with male predominance (1.2%). Most patients present with generalized weakness.Thecommonestbonemarrowfindingwasmegaloblasticerythroidhyperplasia. The commonest cause for pancytopenia was megaloblastic anaemia (60%) followed by aplastic anaemia (25%). Other causes of pancytopenia were hypersplenism, subleukemic leukemia, multiple myloma. Conclusion: Afterstudyingthese cases in present studywe have come onthe conclusion that the commonest cause of pancytopenia is megaloblastic anaemia. The detailed primary haematologicalinvestigationsofpatientswithpancytopeniahelptodeterminethecauseof the same, which is important for planning further investigation and crucial for treatment purpose.
REAL TIME VISUALIZATION OF MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODES WHILE DOING ENDOBRONCHIALULTRASOUND GUIDED TRANS BRONCHIAL NEEDLE ASPIRATION (EBUS-TBNA) USING CONVEX PROBE GIVES BETTER DIAGNOSTIC YIELD THAN CONVENTIONAL TBNA AND MEDIASTINOSCOPY:
Authors:   Achd Physician, Medicine Department, Northern Railway Central Hospital New Delhi., Kaushal Madhu , Nagar Sunil ,   Senior Consultant and HOD Department of Pulmonary Medicine Accord Hospital Faridabad., Pandey R.K ,   DNB trainee general medicine, NRCH New Delhi.
Published: September 2024

Introduction:Real time visualisation of mediastinal lymph nodes makes it easy to Hit & Run with convex probe while doing Endobronchial Ultrasound guided Trans Bronchial Needle Aspiration (CP-EBUS-TBNA) whichgives better safety profile, diagnostic yield and is gradually replacingConventional Trans Bronchial Needle Aspiration( C-TBNA) and Mediastinoscopy. We analysed retrospectively the diagnostic yield of EBUS-TBNA done at Asian Institute of Medical Sciences, a tertiary hospital at Faridabad in Haryana. Materials and Methods: We pulled in the dataof EBUS-TBNA done on patients with Mediastinal lymphadenopathy short axis nodal diameter >0.5 cm, on computed tomography of thorax from Nov 2016 to May 2019. The procedures were done under conscious sedation by multiple operators who had done 20 EBUS-TBNA independently. A sample that was positive for AFB smears/malignant cells or granuloma was considered to be diagnostic. Results: The study included 250 patients (156 males) with mean age 49.6 years. EBUS-TBNA detected 427enlarged mediastinal nodes with average diameter of 14.45Â±8.56 mm. A total of 376 lesions were sampled of which subcarinal lymph node was the most common station (86.4%) followed by Pre & Paratracheal (11.6 %). Average of 1.5 lymph nodes was sampled per patient with 3 passes per lymph node. The procedure had a diagnostic yield of 86 %. Majority of the patients were diagnosed with Granulomatous pathology (44.8 %): Sarcoidosis (24 %)followed by Tuberculosis (20 %). Malignancy was diagnosed in 12 % of patients of which non small cell cancer constituted the major diagnosis(50%). No complication was observed. Conclusion: EBUS- TBNA is very safe procedure with consistent good diagnostic yieldwith multiple operators beyond learning curves than for C- TBNA which require extensive training and expertise of the operator besides size and location of the lesion, though the availability due tohigher costs limits its usage.
NECROBIOSIS LIPOIDICA AS AN ATYPICAL MANIFESTATION OF CUTANEOUS SARCOIDOSIS
Authors:   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Hanafi T. , Azhari J. El ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Bakali E. El ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Frikh R. ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Hjira N. ,   Dermatology Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: September 2024

We report a clinical case of cutaneous sarcoidosis manifesting as necrobiosis lipoidica.
EXPLORING THE UNCOMMON: A PICTORIAL JOURNEY THROUGH RARE CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES VIA CARDIAC CT IMAGING
Authors: Ruddarraju Pratyusha , Reddy Ayapaneni Dileep , Laxmi Narasimha Moorthy Nimmagadda
Published: September 2024

This pictorial essay embarks on an illuminating expedition through the realm of rare congenital heart diseases, guided by the lens of cardiac CT imaging. Through a meticulously curated collection of images, it unveils the intricate nuances and peculiarities of these uncommon cardiac conditions, offering unparalleled insights into their anatomical variations, diagnostic challenges, and clinical implications. With each vivid portrayal, the essay elucidates the diverse spectrum of anomalies, from the esoteric to the extraordinary, showcasing the power of advanced imaging techniques in unravelling the mysteries of the human heart. As a visual odyssey through the corridors of medical rarity, this pictorial journey not only enriches our understanding of congenital heart diseases but also underscores the indispensable role of cardiac CT imaging in their comprehensive evaluation and management.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NEEDLE STICK INJURY AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN AL-AHSA, SAUDI ARABIA
Authors:   Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia., Alessa Ahmed , Alsaleh Essa ,   Infection Control Department, Al-Ahsa Health Directorate, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia., Alramadhan Mohammed ,   Community Wellness Department, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia., Al-Salameen Abdulrazag ,   Community Wellness Department, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Published: September 2024

Background: Needle stick injuries (NSIs) pose a significant occupational hazard for healthcare workers (HCWs), risking transmission of bloodborne pathogens. This study aimed to identify factors associated with NSIs among HCWs in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A case-control study was conducted among 380 HCWs (190 cases, 190 controls) in governmental health facilities. Data were collected through a questionnaire addressing participant characteristics, occupational information, and NSI risk factors. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with NSIs. Results: Younger age and less work experience were associated with increased NSI risk. Completion of training programs, including Basic Infection Control Skills License (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.36-0.91), orientation programs (OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.29-0.71), and workplace safety training (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.29-0.63), significantly reduced NSI risk. Disposal containers filled above two-thirds capacity increased NSI risk (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.0-3.6). Use of certain devices, such as spinal/epidural needles and arterial catheter introducer needles, was associated with lower NSI risk. Conclusion: Comprehensive training programs, proper sharps disposal practices, and use of certain safety-engineered devices may reduce NSI risk among HCWs. Targeted interventions for younger, less experienced HCWs are warranted. These findings can inform the development of effective NSI prevention strategies in healthcare settings.
FORMACIÓN Y DESEMPEÑO DEL PERSONAL: CASO GOBIERNO AUTÓNOMO DESCENTRALIZADO MUNICIPAL PORTOVIEJO
Authors: Toala Bozada Sandra Patricia , Falconi Pico Ambar Alejandra
Published: September 2024

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el nivel de satisfacción del personal con las capacitaciones actuales y su influencia en el desempeño. Se empleó una metodología mixta, combinando encuestas y la entrevista a una muestra representativa de 297 funcionarios. Los resultados revelaron que el 64% de los empleados participa siempre o a menudo en las capacitaciones, y el 77.4% considera que están adecuadamente personalizadas para sus áreas de trabajo. Sin embargo, un 25.9% señala que las capacitaciones no se adaptan bien a sus necesidades individuales. Concluyendo, aunque las capacitaciones son bien recibidas y alineadas con los objetivos estratégicos del municipio, existe una oportunidad para mejorar la personalización y adaptación a las necesidades específicas del personal.
Patient and glucometer: how can glucose self-monitoring be improved?
Authors: Kononova Yu. A. , Babenko A. Yu. , Bregovskiy V. В.
Published: September 2024

This review describes the challenges faced by patients with diabetes in self-monitoring of glycemia and their solutions. An over-view of factors influencing the purchase and selection of a glucometer, the use of mobile applications for diabetes mellitus (DM) control, and adherence to DM self-monitoring is presented. Factors influencing glucometer choice such as accuracy, blood sample volume, and the aspects on which they depend are described. Studies investigating such an option as setting an individual glycemic target range and its advantage in improving carbohydrate metabolism are presented. The factors that determine effectiveness and adherence when using mobile apps for DM control, the function of reminders in mobile apps are considered. The article gives some of the most important features of the Contour®Plus ONE blood glucose measurement system for patients, which consists of the Contour®Plus ONE glucometer, Contour®Plus test strips, ContourTMDiabetes app, ContourTMCloud. The nuances of glucometer use and applications that make their combination for self-monitoring of glucose levels as comfortable and effective as possible for the physician and the patient are described. The article identifies psychological factors influencing adherence to glycemic self-control. In addition, the article presents a brief description of the current state of the problem of non-invasive glucometry and lists some developments in recent years. Among the presented recent developments are devices based on electrochemical methods (flexible sensors measuring glucose levels in sweat on the skin surface, in saliva, in tears), as well as devices measuring blood glucose levels in blood vessels using optical, electromagnetic and microwave methods.
Analysing iodine intake of Saratov children preschool and school meals
Authors: Kurmacheva N. A. , Chernenkov Yu. V. , Andreeva A. N. , Nuraliev G. R. , Petrushin M. A. , Shaipov I. R.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The Saratov Oblast is a region that has moderate iodine deficiency. Starting from 2020, iodized salt must be used while cooking meals at educational facilities of Russia. However, only a few studies have been conducted to assess iodine intake of children meals.

Aim. To assess iodine intake with iodized salt used in the preparation of Saratov preschool and primary school meals.

Materials and methods. Iodine intake of children was assessed in several pre-schools and schools. The iodized salt content in typical menus for preschool and school hot breakfasts was modelled using process monitoring sheets. Iodine intake was estimated at 40 pg of iodine per 1 g of iodized salt and its 30% loss during cooking of hot meals. In Model 1, preschool and school meals were to be prepared using iodized salt. In Model 2, additional iodine intake was suggested to be consumed with bakery products for school meals baked using iodized salt.

Results. Iodine intake with iodized salt as part of hot dishes (Model 1) in children aged 1-3 years at preschools was 78.8 ± 17.8 pg/day, in children aged 4-7 years - 113.9 ± 20.9 pg/day. When using bakery products with iodized salt in the menu (Model 2), iodine intake in children aged 1-3 years old increased to 108.9 ± 14.5 pg/day, and in children aged 4-7 years to 152.9 ± 16.8 pg/day, i.e. by 29.1-33.4%. Iodine intake with hot breakfasts among primary schoolchildren was 34.2 ± 7.3 mcg/day.

Discussion. The results of this study are comparable to those of the study conducted in the Tyumen region, which demonstrated that the use of iodized salt in preparing preschool meals fully supplies the iodine needs of preschoolers.

Conclusion. The use of iodized salt to prepare preschool and school meals makes it possible to ensure 87.6-94.9% of the recommended iodine intake for preschoolers, and 28.5% of the recommended iodine intake as part of hot breakfasts for children in grades 1-4. Parents were offered daily menus options to use iodized salt in households, which allowed them to balance the iodine intake of their children.
Semaglutide: effects on eating behavior
Authors: Gorban V. V. , Arzumanyan K. A. , Kostyulina M. Yu. , Mikhaylenko D. A. , Khvostikova I. S. , Shkorkina E. D.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Drugs from the group of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists were originally intended to be used to treat patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, with their use, a noticeable weight loss effect was noted, which expanded the list of indications and currently these drugs are prescribed to obese individuals, regardless of the presence of diabetes mellitus. On the Russian market, semavic (semaglutide) has established itself as an effective treatment for obesity.

Aim. To assess the effect of semaglutide on eating behavior in the process of weight loss.

Materials and methods. The literature search was carried out using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The selection of publications was carried out according to the principle of open free access, analysis of abstracts and assessment of relevance.

Results. A total of 35 articles were selected for review: 7 Russian-language articles and 28 foreign sources. Data from the vast majority of publications show that semavik for weight loss is prescribed at a dose of 0.5-2.4 mg per week subcutaneously for a course of up to 68 weeks. In alternative cases, the drug is taken orally. The maximum weight loss was 9,6-17,4% of initial body weight. The most common manifestation of complications was gastrointestinal disorders, but only for a small number of patients did they become a reason to refuse to continue therapy. In trials of the drug, a reduction in the total calorie intake was noted in the absence of external dietary restrictions.

Conclusion. The prescription of semavik is accompanied by increased self-control when eating. Self-control extends not only to food, but also to drinking alcohol. Approximately half of patients indicate an improved quality of life. Activation of metabolism appears to be associated with a decrease in insulin resistance, an increase in insulin concentrations, an effect on the effects of cortisol, and an effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.