bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Severe rhabdomyolysis and respiratory failure occurred after exposure to monensin- a case report and literature review
Authors: Song Lihua , Jiang Bei , Dai Tingjun , Zhao Yuying , Xiao Xiaoyan
Published: December 2022

Background: Cases of human monensin toxicosis are rare. Symptoms such as rhabdomyolysis and severe respiratory failure may occur after exposure to monensin.
Case presentation: A 44-year-old male worker in a pharmaceutical factory complained of generalized muscle pain, muscular weakness, and dark brown colored urine. His creatine kinase (CK) value was as high as 69881IU/L. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was significantly increased, suggesting a high possibility of rhabdomyolysis. During the hospitalization, the patient developed severe respiratory failure and was relieved after receiving bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) ventilation and a large amount of fluids, methylprednisolone, sodium bicarbonate, and other treatments. His muscle biopsy showed that enzymatic activities of cytochrome C oxidase (COX) and succinate dehydrogenase（SDH）were partially absent. After treatment with hormones, urine alkalization, nutritional therapy of mitochondria, and fully rehydration, the patient's symptoms were relieved.
Conclusions: Early attention and intervention are needed for rhabdomyolysis and severe respiratory failure caused by monensin.
Discovery of potent inhibitors against monkeypox's major structural proteins using high throughput virtual screening, large scale molecular dynamics and DFT calculations
Authors: Lokhande Kiran Bharat , Shrivastava Ashish , Singh Ashutosh
Published: December 2022

While the COVID-19 pandemic is still plaguing humanity, a case of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) was reported to the WHO on May 7, 2022. An enveloped double-stranded DNA virus belongs to the genus Orth poxvirus. A viral zoonotic infection known as monkeypox has been a serious risk to public health, especially in Africa. However, it has recently spread to other continents, so it might soon become a worldwide problem. On July 21, 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) proclaimed the human monkeypox viral infection a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). There is an increased risk of transmission of the virus because there is a lack of effective treatment that cures the disease. To stop the multi-country outbreak from spreading, it is important to discover effective medications urgently. The objective of the current study is to swiftly find new treatments for the monkeypox virus using advanced computational approaches. By investigating five potential MPXV targets (DNA ligase, Palmytilated EEV membrane protein, Scaffold protein D13, Thymidylate Kinase, and Viral core cysteine proteinase), this research was carried out using cutting-edge computational techniques against human monkeypox virus infection. Here we present the accurate 3D structures and their binding cavities of the selected targets with higher confidence. Molecular docking and MD simulation analysis revealed the top five potential lead compounds with higher binding affinity and stability toward selected targets. Binding free energy calculations and other essential dynamics analysis supports the finding. Key findings from this study are beneficial for medical scientists and experimental biologistsin drug development for the treatment of human MPXV.
Study on Emotion Recognition Bias in Different Regional Groups
Authors: lukac Martin , Zhambulova Gulnaz , Abdiyeva Kamila , Lewis Michael
Published: December 2022

Human-machine communication can be substantially enhanced by the inclusion of high-quality real-time recognition of spontaneous emotional expressions. However, successful recognition of such expressions can be negatively impacted by factors such as sudden variations of lighting, or intentional obfuscation.
In addition, the presentation and meaning of emotional expressions can vary significantly, depending on external factors such as the environment within which the emotions are expressed, and the culture of the expressor.
As an example,
an emotion recognition model trained on a regionally-specific database, collected from North America, might fail to recognize standard emotional expressions from another region, such as East Asia. To address the problem of
regional and cultural bias in emotion recognition from facial expressions, we propose a meta-model
that fuses multiple emotional cues and features.
The proposed approach integrates macro-expression, micro-expression, action level features and image features into a multi-cues emotion model (MCAM).
The results show that the proposed meta-classifier (MCAM)
reduces the bias factors and achieves successful emotion recognition in most of the evaluated scenarios.
Additionally, we also identified certain cues and features of the data-sets that preclude the design of the perfect unbiased classifier.
Orthopaedic Surgical Documentation: Pre-templated Operation Notes Significantly Improve Documentation of Surgical Procedures
Authors: Sneddon Fraser , Fritsch Nils , Mackenzie Samuel , Skipsey David , Rankin Iain
Published: December 2022

Objectives
The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS) Good Surgical Practice guidance identifies essential criteria for surgical operation note documentation. The current quality improvement project aims to identify if using pre-templated operation notes for documenting fractured neck of femur surgery results in improved documentation when compared to free hand orthopaedic operation notes.
Methods
A total of fourteen categories were identified from the RCS guidance as required across all the operations identified in this study. All operations for the month of October 2021 were identified and the operation notes analysed. Pre-templated operation notes were compared to free hand operation notes.
Results
97 cases were identified, of which 74 were free hand operation notes and 23 were pre-templated fractured neck of femur operation notes. All fourteen categories were completed in 13 (57%) of the templated operation notes vs 0 (0%) in the free hand operation notes (odds ratio 0.0052, 95% CI 0.0003 to 0.0945, p < 0.001). The median total number of completed categories was significantly higher in the templated op-note group compared to the free hand op-note group (templated median 14, range 12-14, vs. free hand median 11, range 9 to 13, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis of operation notes written by consultants or trainees identified trainees as more likely to document the antibiotic prophylaxis given (p = 0.025).
Conclusions
Use of pre-templated operation notes results in significantly improved documentation. Adoption of generic pre-templated operation notes to improve surgical documentation should be considered across all operations.
Characteristics of intestinal flora of ileocecal region in pediatric patients with Crohn disease
Authors: Wu Peilin , Wu Bin , Liu Junhong , Hong Linliang , Ma Bihong , Lin Biyun , Wang Junxi , Chen Suqing
Published: December 2022

Purpose
Intestinal microbiota was considered to be one of the main factors leading to changes in the immune response and had a significant correlation with Crohn disease (CD).This study aimed to reveal the intestinal microbiota profiles of Crohn's disease patients.
Methods
We analyzed the alterations of the gut mucosal microbiota using a 16S rRNA sequencing approach in CD patients in active stage (CD), CD patients in the remission stage (CDR) and the control group (Col).
Results
The results showed that there was a higher abundance of the genus Enterococcus, Lachnoclostridium and Prevotella in CD group than that in CDR and Col. Also, we found a lower abundance of the genus Ruminococcus gnavus group in CD and CDR patients, but higher in Col, indicating that Ruminococcus gnavus group was closely related to CD.
Conclusions
The decreased abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus may result in the reduction of mucin and subsequently lead to the degradation of the host’s ability to maintain a bacteria-free zone within the mucin layer. The increasing of Prevotella may be one of the inducing factors of Crohn's disease. Also, high level Enterococcus faecalis colonization had a significant, positive relationship with Pediatric Crohn disease activity index (PCDAI).
Long term worsening of Alzheimer pathology and clinical outcome by a single inoculation of mutated beta-amyloid seeds
Authors: Célestine Marina , Jacquier-Sarlin Muriel , Borel Eve , Petit Fanny , Perot Jean-Baptiste , Hérard Anne-Sophie , Bousset Luc , Buisson Alain , Dhenain Marc
Published: December 2022

Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by intracerebral accumulation of abnormal proteinaceous assemblies made of amyloid-β (Aß) peptides or tau proteins. These lesions induce synaptic dysfunctions that are strongly correlated with cognitive decline. Intracerebral infusion of well-defined Aβ seeds from synthetic or recombinant non-mutated Aβ1−40 or Aβ1−42 peptides can increase Aβ plaque depositions several months after the infusion. Familial forms of AD are associated with mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) that induce the production of Aβ peptides with different structures. The Aβosa mutation (E693Δ) is located within the Aβ sequence and thus the Aβosa peptides have different structures and properties as compared to non-mutated Aβ1−42 peptides (Aβwt). Here, we wondered if a single exposure to this mutated Aβ can worsen AD pathology as well as downstream events including cognition, cerebral connectivity and synaptic health several months after the inoculation compared to non-mutated Aβ.
Method
To answer this question we inoculated Aβ1−42-bearing Osaka mutation (Aβosa) in the dentate gyrus of APPswe/PS1dE9 mice at the age of two months. The inoculated mice were analyzed at 4 months post-inoculation by cognitive evaluation and functional MRI to assess cerebral connectivity. Aβ and tau lesions as well as synaptic density were evaluated by histology. The impact of Aβosa peptides on synaptic health was also measured on primary cortical neurons.
Results
Remarkably, compared to Aβwt, the intracerebral administration of Aβosa induced cognitive impairments, synaptic impairments and a reduction of the connectivity between different brain regions, 4 months post-inoculation. Aβ plaque depositions but not tau lesions were increased and Aβ oligomeric patterns were modified.
Conclusion
This is the first study showing long-term functional toxicity of Aβ seeds. It shows that a single, sporadic event as Aβosa inoculation can worsen the fate of the pathology and clinical outcome several months after the event. Extrapolation of this discovery suggests that any event that modulates focally Aβ aggregation process in the time-course of AD can be responsible for the heterogeneity of AD clinical outcome.
Fast Forward: Influencing the future in virtual reality increases real-life pro-environmental behaviour
Authors: Plechatá Adéla , Hielkema Marijke , Merkl Lisa-Marie , Makransky Guido , Frøst Michael Bom
Published: December 2022

To reach necessary greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions targets, behavioural change is necessary at the consumer level. Nevertheless, behavioural interventions have only a limited impact on habitual behaviours such as beef consumption, which significantly contributes to the GHGs released. Immersive virtual reality (VR) in the metaverse can transform the current information-based environmental communication into more experience-based communication. To study how such a shift might change its effectiveness, we randomly assigned participants to a VR experience (experiencing and influencing future climate change scenarios based on food choices) or a VR information condition (receiving the same information from a virtual human). The VR experience led to higher intentions to reduce meat consumption and more pro-environmental behaviour in VR and real life as compared to the information condition. Mediation analyses confirm that experiential VR environmental communication can increase people’s efficacy beliefs, which increase their intentions and, consequently, lead to a reduction in beef consumption.
Detection Of Right Ventricular dysfunction by Three – Dimensional Echocardiography and Two - Dimensional Speckle Tracking in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Anthracycline- based Chemotherapy
Authors: El-Sherbeny Wafaa S. , Sabry Nesreen M. , El-Saied Shaimaa B. , Elnagar Basma
Published: December 2022

Background
Despite the cardiotoxic effect of anthracycline on the left ventricle (LV) was wholly identified. the assessement of anthracycline effect on the right ventricle(RV) by conventional echocardiography was achallenge due to its complex geometry. our study was to evaluate the impact of anthracycline on the RV volume and function using 3D –echocardiography (3DE) and 2D -speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) in patients with breast cancer.
Methods
The study was conducted on 66 female patients with breast cancer receiving anthracycline chemotherapy, in addition to full echocardiography, 2D-STE and 3DE evaluation of RV function and volume were done at baseline, after 4th cycle of chemotherapy, six and nine months after the end of chemotherapy.
Results
Cardiotoxicity from anthracycline occurred in18 patients whose LVEF became significantly reduced after 9 months of therapy according to that, the patients were divided into the non-cardiotoxic group (n:48) and the cardiotoxic group (n:18). At cardiotoxic group, 3D RVESV and 3D RVEDD increased significantly at 6 months and continued till 9 months compared to baseline values (42.50 ± 5.98 vs 50.44 ± 7.01, p = 0.005) and (86.78 ± 9.16 vs 95.78 ± 9.23, p = 0.021) .LVGLS showed a significant reduction early after 6 months of therapy, 2D GLS and FWLS of RV were significantly decreased at 6 months and continued till 9 months after therapy (-22.54 ± 0.79 vs. -19.53 ± 1.32, p = 0.001) and (-24.67 ± 1.27vs. -22.22 ± 1.41, p = 0.001) respectively. The variation of RVFWLS was a predictor of cardiotoxicity, the relative drop of RVFWLS 19.3% had 83% sensitivity and 71% specificity, (AUC = 0.82) to identify patients developed cardiotoxicity
Conclusion
3DE is a promising modality in recognizing the early changes in RV volumes and minute alteration in RV function and 2D-STE is a reliable predictor of RV systolic dysfunction which identify the subclinical affection.
Global asymptotic stability and projective lag synchronization for uncertain inertial competitive neural networks
Authors: Han Caiqing , wang Baoxian , Tang Dandan
Published: December 2022

Without converting the second-order term into the first-order term, the global asymptotic stability and projective lag synchronization problem of the second-order uncertain competitive neural networks with infinite distribution and time-varying delay are studied by designing an adaptive control scheme. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, some new criteria are directly obtained according to algebraic inequalities, so as to ensure the stability and projective lag synchronization of uncertain competitive neural networks. In addition, compared with the reduced order method, the projective lag synchronization is obtained directly by using the non-reduced-order method to construct some Lyapunov functions. Finally, some examples are provided to determine the availability of theoretical results.
Prognosis and immunotherapy response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma could be predicted by a signature based on three genes, as revealed by an integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing data
Authors: Feng Chen , Liu Yuanyuan , Mao Wei , Xiao Qiyi , Yan Minzhu , Dong Pin , Chen Xinwei , Liu Yuying
Published: December 2022

Background: The microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is made up of cancer and non-cancerous cells, and their interactions have profound effects on anti-tumor immunity. However, a thorough understanding of the genetic and cellular-level intercellular communication networks involved in tumor progression remains a significant obstacle.
Material/Methods: 460 HNSC patients from various cohorts were included. To identify the marker genes, we analyzed single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from GEO database. An analysis of immunological infiltrating cell density was carried out using cell-type identification by calculating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT). The bulk RNA-seq dataset from TCGA database was used to construct signature, and the GSE 65858 were used for validation. And the expression of related proteins were verified using HPA database and western blotting.
Results: A three-gene signature (CES1, ELF3 and SERPINE1) was developed for prognostic prediction in the TCGA dataset, which divided patients into high-risk and low-risk categories based on overall survival. The prognostic potential of the signature was confirmed by GSE 65858. The signature protein expression was validated by HPA database and western blotting. Furthermore, the riskScore was identified as a significant prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis, indicating that the signature had high predictive ability. In addition, patients with high-risk scores obtained fewer benefits from immunotherapy.
Conclusions: Our study identified a distinctive predictive signature for HNSC patients based on CES1, ELF3, and SERPINE1. The signature may be used as a predictor for immunotherapy and as an indicator of survival in patients with HNSC.
A new version of Frank Aggregation Operators Under Pythagorean Cubic Fuzzy Sets and their Applications inInvestment decision making
Authors: Rahim Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Cubic Pythagorean fuzzy set is the recent devolvement in fuzzy set theory. The aim of this paper is to propose a series of aggregation operators named Frank operators based on Frank t-norm and t-conorm under cubic Pythagorean fuzzy sets environment. The main objective of these operators is to capture the interrelationship between the arguments. Some basic properties such as monotonicity, boundedness, and commutativity are discussed in detail. Then we develop a decision-making approach based on the stated operators to deal with multi-criteria group decision-making problems. Finally, the application of the proposed method is illustrated with a numerical example. The outcomes of the proposed approach are compared with some existing approaches to illustrate the applicability and feasibility of the proposed approach.
WITHDRAWN: Spirulina and/or Canthaxanthin -Enriched Artemia Enhances Pigmentation, Performance, Immunity, Histology, and Somatolactin and Growth Hormone Gene Expression of Goldfish, Carassius auratus
Authors: Elshafey Ahmed E. , Khalafalla Malik M. , Zaid Attia A. Abou , Abdel-Rahim Mohamed M.
Published: December 2022

The ornamental fish industry faces a major challenge in enhancing the brilliant coloration desired by consumers. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the influence of spirulina and/or canthaxanthin enriched artemia on the efficacy of goldfish pigmentation. Growth, blood analysis, immunity, histology, and the expression of the genes for somatolactin (SL) and growth hormone (GH) of goldfish were also evaluated. Goldfish (N = 225, 1.10 ± 0.02g) were tested with five experimental treatments as follows: (T1) fish fed a basal diet; (T2) fish fed a basal diet and un-enriched artemia (UEA); (T3) fish fed a basal diet and spirulina enriched artemia (SEA); (T4) fish fed a basal diet and canthaxanthin enriched artemia (CEA); and (T5) fish fed a basal diet and spirulina and canthaxanthin enriched artemia (SCA). The experiment lasted for 90 days. The results showed that T5 had the highest carotene concentration (3.446 mg/g), lowest chromatic deformity, and better growth performance and feed utilization (P ≤ 0.05). The best results in hematology, serum biochemical, and immunological tests were observed in goldfish treated with T5. In addition, histological examination of the intestine in T5 revealed a significant increase in villi length and goblet cells (#/mm2) in the anterior and middle intestine. Dietary effects on SL and GH gene expression in the liver and brain differed significantly among treatments. However, a significant increase in values was observed in all treatments except T1 and T2. The somatolectin alpha (SL-a) gene is expressed in the brain rather than the liver specially in T5.
The Role of Semiannual Cycle in Modulating Seasonality Changes of Surface Air Temperature over China and its Mechanism
Authors: Deng Qimin , Wang Yuting , Tan Xin , Fu Zuntao
Published: December 2022

Taking the semiannual cycle of surface air temperature (SAT) into account in fitting the finer structure of the seasonal cycle, this study reveals the specific role of the semiannual cycle in modulating variations of the season onsets and lengths for the first time. The time-varying amplitudes and phases of the annual and semiannual SAT cycle for the period 1964 to 2017 in China are extracted from daily observations based on harmonic analysis. The results show that the phase differences between the two harmonics remain essentially unchanged, while the amplitude ratio of the semiannual to annual harmonics tends to increase after 1988. This enhanced semiannual cycle together with the global warming and annual cycle changes jointly led to a much longer summer with an average speed of 7.45 days/10 years and shorter spring, autumn, and winter with speeds of -2.43, -1.63, and − 4.26 days/10 years, respectively. Such obvious asymmetry cannot be found in fitting seasonal cycles by only annual harmonics. The average absolute percentages of the linear trends of season onsets and lengths caused by the intensification of the semiannual cycle are 52.63% and 78.66%. It indicates that season onsets and length not only depend on the phase of annual and semiannual harmonic, but also highly related to the strength of semiannual cycle. The time evolutions of semiannual cycle strength in China are found to be significantly correlated to the meridional temperature advection. The anomalous stronger southward wind in December can result in colder temperature and hence intensify the semiannual component.
Effects of combined nutrient and pesticide exposure on algal biomass and Daphnia magna abundance
Authors: Onyango Joel , Bruggen J. J.A. , Kitaka Nzula , Simaika John , Irvine Kenneth
Published: December 2022

Fertilisers and pesticides are increasingly used in agriculture to improve productivity and protect crops from fungi and insects. However, these farm inputs may lead to adverse effects on aquatic biodiversity through eutrophication and pesticide toxicity. This study aimed to establish the effects of nutrient-only, pesticide-only, combined nutrients and pesticides, and control on the abundance of Daphnia magna, and algal biomass. In each of the treatments, different concentrations of nutrients and pesticides residues were added separately or in combination. Responses were measured every 24 hrs, and the experiments ended after 168 hrs of exposure. The experiment was set in four concentration treatments comprising high, moderately high, moderately low, and low concentrations. Data analysis was done using Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA)and ANOVA to determine the effect of time, concentrations and the interaction of time and concentrations for each of the treatments on D. magna abundance, and algal biomass. Higher concentrations of pesticide additives were associated with lower abundance of D. magna, and higher algal biomass over the exposure periods. There was a significant reduction in the abundance of D. magna in the combined treatment indicating the toxic effect of pesticide addition. Determination of effect concentrations based on combined nutrients-pesticides experiments becomes important in setting water quality standards, and monitoring the quality status, to avoid underestimating the ecological implications of combined contamination.
Cisplatin treatment reduces vasoconstriction to angiotensin II associated with altering expression of angiotensin type II receptors
Authors: McSweeney Kristen Renee , Gadanec Laura Kate , Kubatka Peter , Caprnda Martin , Gaspar Ludovit , Prosecky Robert , Delev Delian , Kruzliak Peter Kruzliak Peter , Apostolopoulos Vasso , Zulli Anthony
Published: December 2022

The renin angiotensin system is a key regulator of blood pressure homeostasis. Angiotensin type 1 (AT1R) and 2 receptors (AT2R) have been investigated as targets for cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury; however, their therapeutic potential remains inconclusive. We determined the effect that acute cisplatin treatment had on angiotensin II (AngII)-mediated vasoconstriction in blood vessels and expression profiles of AT1R and AT2R in mouse arteries and kidneys. 18-week-old male C57BL/6 mice (n = 8) were treated with vehicle or bolus dose of cisplatin (12.5 mg/kg). Thoracic aorta (TA), adnominal aorta (AA), brachiocephalic arteries (BC), iliac arteries (IL) and kidneys were collected for isometric tension analysis and immunohistochemistry analysis. Cisplatin treatment reduced IL vasoconstriction to AngII at all doses; AngII [10-8.0 M] (vehicle: 19.61 3.49 % vs. cisplatin: 0.43 0.09 %, ** p < 0.01) to AngII [10-5.0 M] (vehicle: 27.57 3.22 % vs. cisplatin: 3.26 1.26 %, *** p < 0.001); but did not induce constriction in TA, AA or BC after vehicle or cisplatin treatment. Following cisplatin treatment AT1R expression was significantly upregulated (arbitrary units) in the IL vessels when compared to the TA (IL: 0.014 ± 0.004 vs TA: 0.0013 ± 0.0006, * p < 0.05) and the AA (IL: 0.014 ± 0.004 vs AA: 0.0014 ± 0.0008, * p < 0.05). AT2R expression was downregulated in the media of cisplatin treated IL vessels compared to both TA (IL: 0.0223 ± 0.0052 vs TA: 0.072 ± 0.005, *** p < 0.001) and AA IL: 0.022 ± 0.005 vs AA: 0.060 ± 0.002, ** p < 0.01). AT1R (vehicle: 0.003 0.001 vs cisplatin 0.019 0.002, ** p < 0.01) and AT2R (vehicle: 0.016 0.004 vs cisplatin 0.037 0.004, * p < 0.05) in renal tubules were both upregulated following cisplatin treatment. Herein we report that cisplatin reduces AngII mediated vasoconstriction in IL. This accompanied by an absence of normal counterregulatory expression of AT1R and AT2R, indicating other factors are involved.
Ultrathin Cellulose Nanofiber Reinforced Ti3C2Tx Crosslinked hydrogel for Multifunctional and Sensitive Sensors
Authors: Wu Kangjie , Chen Xiao , Wang Qing , Xu Xuran , Yu Chao , Chen Chuanxiang
Published: December 2022

Multifunctional strain sensors simultaneously satisfy all the requirements including flexibility, stretchability, biocompatibility and high responsibility to external stimuli are always in high demand for wearable electronics. In this work, we introduced modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers (BCNF) as double network hydrogel-reinforced substrates to prepare MXene-based strain sensor (MPCB). The well-percolated BCNF play important role to reinforce the polymer skeleton and induce the continuous MXene-MXene conductive paths. Consequently, the electrical conductivity was significantly improved and excellent mechanical properties were retained (with the elongation at break over 500%). The prepared hydrogel can act as a wearable sensor for human motion detection, including swallowing movements, finger bending, and wrist bending. They also exhibit promising applications with multiple characteristics, i.e., ideal EMI, adjustable flexibility, self-healing and self-adhesive performance. Our work provides a simple and practical strategy for a new generation of wearable electronic sensor devices.
A novel multi-model neural network for Parkinson’s Disease detection
Authors: ALJOHANI ABEER , ALHARBE NAWAF
Published: December 2022

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is categorized as a neurodegenerative progressive disease caused by the destruction of the cells in the substantia nigra. Roughly out of 1000 elderly people, 1 to 2 suffers from PD and its complication. Complications of PD disease involved tremors, rigidity, impaired balance, etc. These complications affect the routine life of Parkinson’s patients. Accurate PD detection helps the healthcare system treat these complications properly. This research proposes a multi-modal emotion recognition technique for PD detection. Since the proposed methods used more than one modality for detection , its architecture had composed of three main sections. These sections are: feature extracting, merging, and classifying. As feature extractors, a combination of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) attention mechanisms is developed to extract features from pictures. To extract features from related electronic healthcare features combination between CNN and Long-Short Term Memory is used Finally, Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Boot Classifier (XGB), and voting classifier are used as classification. A Parkinson’s disease handwriting database is used to evaluate the proposed model. The experimental result indicates 99.95% accuracy, 99.99% precision, 99.98% sensitivity, and 99.95% F1-score using the proposed fusion technique and voting classifier. The comparative result indicates state-of-the-art results for PD detection.
A Bifactor Model Supports Unidimensionality of the IKDC in Young Active Patients with ACL Tears: A Retrospective Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Marmura Hana , Tremblay Paul F , Getgood Alan MJ , Bryant Dianne M
Published: December 2022

Background
The International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC) is the most highly recommended patient reported outcome measure for assessing patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and following ACL reconstruction (ACLR) surgery. The IKDC was developed as a unidimensional instrument, however the structural validity of the IKDC has not been definitively confirmed for the young athletic ACL population. The purpose of this study was to determine the most appropriate structure of the IKDC in young active patients with ACL injury.
Methods
In total, 618 young patients deemed at high risk of graft rupture were randomized into the Stability trial. Of the trial participants, 606 patients (98%) completed a baseline IKDC questionnaire used for this analysis. A cross sectional retrospective secondary data analysis of the Stability 1 baseline IKDC data was completed to assess the structural validity of the IKDC using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Factor analyses were used to test model fit of the intended unidimensional structure, a previously proposed two-dimensional structure, and an alternative bifactor structure (i.e., a combination of a unidimensional factor with additional specific factors) of the IKDC, in a dataset of young active ACL patients.
Results
The simple unidimensional and two-dimensional structures of the IKDC displayed inadequate fit in our dataset of young ACL patients. A bifactor model provided the best fit. This model contains one general factor (symptoms, function, and sports activity) that is strongly associated with all items, plus four secondary, more specific content factors (symptoms, activity level, activities of daily living, and sport) with generally weaker associations to subsets of items. The bifactor model supports unidimensionality of the IKDC when covariance between items with similar linguistic structure, response options, or content are acknowledged.
Conclusions
Overall, findings of a bifactor model with evidence of a reliable general factor well defined by all items, lends support to continue interpreting and scoring this instrument as unidimensional. Clinically, the IKDC can be represented by a single score for young active patients with ACL tears. A more nuanced interpretation would also consider secondary factors such as sport and activity level.
Trial registration:
The STABILITY 1 study for which these data were collected was registered on ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT02018354).
Effect of stocking density on water quality, growth, nutritional composition and hematological parameters of Ompok pabda reared in traditional and biofloc technology system
Authors: Paul Prianka , Islam Md. Sherazul , Hasanuzz Abul Farah Md.
Published: December 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Altered HDL composition is associated with risk for complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asian descendants: a cross-sectional, case-control study on lipoprotein subclass profiling
Authors: Yuan Lushun , Li-Gao Ruifang , Verhoeven Aswin , Eyk Huub J. van , Bizino Maurice B. , Rensen Patrick C.N. , Giera Martin , Jazet Ingrid M. , Lamb Hildo J. , Rabelink Ton J. , Berg Bernard M.
Published: December 2022

Background: Composition of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) is emerging as an important determinant in the development of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Dutch South Asian (DSA) individuals with T2DM display an increased risk of microvascular complications compared to Dutch white Caucasian (DwC) individuals with T2DM. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether changes in HDL composition associate with increased microvascular risk in this ethnic group and lead to new lipoprotein biomarkers.
Methods: Using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Bruker IVDr Lipoprotein Subclass Analysis (B.I.LISATM) software, plasma lipoprotein changes were determined in 51 healthy individuals (30 DwC, 21 DSA) and 92 individuals with T2DM (45 DwC, 47 DSA) in a cross-sectional, case-control study.
Results: Using multinomial logistic and linear regression analyses we identified specifically reduced ApoA2 and HDL-4 plasma concentrations in DSA individuals with T2DM, revealing unique HDL compositional changes, associated with higher waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, HbA1c, and glucose levels, that correlated with microvascular complications.
Conclusion: While in both ethnic groups HDL composition differed between controls and T2DM, the lipid changes in DSA with T2DM were of more clinical relevance with higher odds of having diabetes-related pan-microvascular complications such as retinopathy and neuropathy. These typical changes in HDL could be used as ethnicity-specific T2DM biomarkers.
Eco-friendly synthesized silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungus Phyllosticta owaniana – KUMBMDBT-32 and evaluation of biomedical properties
Authors: D Manjunatha , S Akarsh , G Nandish , .V Sowmya H , G.T Megha , S Nagaraju , B Thippeswamy
Published: December 2022

The present study focused on biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from an endophytic fungus isolated from the medicinal plant Abrus precatorius. The endophytic fungus was identified as Phyllosticta owaniana KUMBMDBT-32 (NCBI Accession number MW007919). The fungus was cultured in submerged fermentation and extracted with ethyl acetate (1:1 V/V). The extract was subjected to GC-MS analysis which have revealed the presence of 42 bioactive compounds of secondary metabolites. Synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by Bio-spectrophotometer, FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRD and DLS. The absorption spectra in the Bio-spectrophotometer analysis showed a peak at 400 nm, confirmed the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The FTIR study revealed peaks corresponding to various functional groups possibly involved, confirming the reducing and capping of silver nanoparticles. The spherical form of silver nanoparticles was revealed through SEM-EDAX studies, the EDAX study showed that silver atoms are present at 3keV. XRD studies revealed the crystalline structure of the silver nanoparticles. DLS study determined size of synthesized silver nanoparticles i.e., 65.81 nm. Antibacterial activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles was tested against pathogenic bacteria. S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. typhi and K. pneumoniae. Antibiotic enhancing activity of silver nanoparticles was determined by using commercial antibiotics such as Chloramphenicol, Cefpodoxime, Gentamicin, Ampicillin, and Imipenem. Antifungal activity silver nanoparticles was determined against fungal pathogens such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus brassiliensis, and Aspergillus flavus. Synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited effective antioxidant, measurement of cell viability by MTT assay and in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities. These results certainly determines pharmaceutical and biomedical importance of silver nanoparticles.
A constrained swarm optimization algorithm for large-scale long-run investments using Sharpe ratio-based performance measures
Authors: Kaucic Massimiliano , Piccotto Filippo , Sbaiz Gabriele
Published: December 2022

We study large-scale portfolio optimization problems in which the aim is to maximize a multi-moment performance measure extending the Sharpe ratio. More specifically, we consider the adjusted for skewness Sharpe ratio, which incorporates the third moment of the returns distribution, and the adjusted for skewness and kurtosis Sharpe ratio, which exploits in addition the fourth moment. Further, we account for two types of real-world trading constraints. On the one hand, we impose stock market restrictions through cardinality, buy-in thresholds, and budget constraints. On the other hand, a turnover threshold restricts the total allowed amount of trades in the rebalancing phases. To deal with these asset allocation models, we embed a novel hybrid constraint-handling procedure into an improved dynamic level-based learning swarm optimizer. A repair operator maps candidate solutions onto the set characterized by the first type of constraints. Then, an adaptive ℓ1-exact penalty function manages turnover violations. The focus of the paper is to highlight the importance of including higher-order moments in the performance measures for long-run investments, in particular when the market is turbulent. We carry out empirical tests on two worldwide sets of assets to illustrate the scalability and effectiveness of the proposed strategies, and to evaluate the performance of our investments compared to the strategy maximizing the Sharpe ratio.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 90C59 (primary); 91G10, 68W50, 90C26 (secondary)
Anxiety and depression in adolescents linked to electronic device use during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hamshari Suha , Yaseen Shaban , Zayed Mosab , Dallashi Asala , Qawasmeh Abdallah , Nazzal Zaher , Maraqa Beesan
Published: December 2022

Background:The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms among adolescent students in the West Bank region of Palestine, focusing on the effect of using electronic devices on their mental health.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,140 adolescents. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, electronic device use, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale were collected using a self-administered online questionnaire. To explore the independent association between anxiety and depression and numerous independent characteristics, we computed odds ratios (O.R.s) and their 95% confidence intervals (C.I.s) using a binary logistic regression model.Results: The prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety was 35.4% [95%CI: 32.7-38.3%], and moderate to severe depression was 23.9% [95%CI: 21.4 -26.4%]. Anxiety scores were found to be significantly higher among females [OR=3.8, 95%CI: 2.5-5.9], those with lower academic performance [OR=3.4, 95%CI: 2.1-5.4], and smokers [OR=1.9, 95%CI: 1.1-3.0]. Similarly, significantly higher depressive scores were found among females [OR=2.0, 95%CI: 1.3-3.1], those with lower academic performance [OR=3.4, 95%CI: 2.1-5.4], and smokers [OR=1.9, 95%CI: 1.3-2.8]. On the other hand, students who used electronic devices for a shorter period were less likely to be depressed [OR=.49 (95%CI: .32-.76] or anxious [OR=.47, 95%CI: .32-.69].Conclusion:Concerning the high prevalence of anxiety and depression among adolescents and their correlation with the duration of electronic device use, we advocate the development of guidelines for device use duration used to prevent mental health consequences in this crucial age group.
A revisit of the vapor-liquid equilibrium calculation with cubic equations of state
Authors: Liu Hongqin
Published: December 2022

Based on the roots-coefficient relations for a cubic function, quadratic functions are constructed that strictly relate the saturated volumes of liquid and vapor phases and the third solution from a cubic equation of state (EoS). The vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) calculation with a cubic EoS is thus reduced to solving a single nonlinear equation. In light of a recent finding that the “unphysical” third solution, namely the Maxwell crossover or the M-line, plays a central role as the dividing interface in the density gradient theory, here we show that it can also be used to derive analytically approximate solutions to a VLE problem. The van der Waals EoS and the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) EoS are discussed as examples. The method proposed in this work simplifies the calculations of the traditional VLE calculations with a cubic EoS. With one-time-only effort for a given system, simple analytical solutions can be obtained to avoid the repetitively iterative computations for a VLE problem. Finally, the relationship between the Widom line in the supercritical region and the M-line is briefly discussed with the SRK EoS.
The effects of Facial Mask Use on Ocular Surface Parameters and Tear Film Cytokine Profile in Prolonged Use
Authors: Penbe Aysegul , Oklar Murat , Kanar¹ Hatice Selen , Bayrak Müberra Zülal , Ersarı Başak , Talan Mustafa , Gün Raziye Dönmez , Orçun Asuman , Şimşek Şaban
Published: December 2022

Objective: To compare tear fluid levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and IL-1ß cytokines between healthcare workers wearing facial masks and controls with correlations in clinical findings.
Methods: In a prospective, controlled clinical trial tear fluid was analyzed for MMP-9 and IL-1ß levels using a commercially available test (Invitrogen; Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Waltham, Massachusetts, USA). Symptoms and signs of dry eye disease (DED) were evaluated using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), noninvasive tear break-up time (NIBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), Oxford corneal staining, meibomiography, and clinical findings of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).
Results: In the 38 eyes of healthcare workers and 30 eyes of controls, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age and sex (p>0.05). The mean OSDI score, daily mask wear time, meibomiography degree, and rate of positive clinical findings of MGD were higher in group 1 than in group 2, and the mean NIBUT was higher in group 2. (p>0.05). The mean values of IL1-ß and MMP-9 were higher in group 1 (p=0.036 and p =0.001, respectively). The TMH and Oxford score percentages were similar between the two groups (p>0.05)
Conclusions: Elevated levels of IL-1ß and MMP-9 in the basal tear fluid reveal increased ocular inflammation in healthcare professionals. Lower NIBUT values with higher OSDI and meibomian gland loss scores support ocular surface disturbance depending on regular mask use.
Eco-friendly flame-retardant wood-plastic composites from wood-fiber and polyurethane
Authors: Wang Xuanye , Wang Beibei , Sun Jingmeng , Yu Lei , Yang Guochao , Guo Hongwu
Published: December 2022

Wood-plastic composites (WPCs), which are widely used in construction and furniture, need to be treated with fire protection. In this work, polyurethane (PU) was applied to derive simultaneously flame-retardancy-improved and mechanically strengthened wood-polyurethane composites (WPUCs). It was constructed with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and PU by an eco-friendly way of pressing at ambient temperature. The combination of APP and PU improves the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of WPCs. The results indicated that the flame retardancy of WPUCs is the best when the mass of APP is 18% of PU, making LOI reach 31.2%. In the combustion test, the peak of heat release rate and total smoke production for WPUCs were respectively decreased by 42.1% and 89.7% in the presence of the above ratio of APP and PU. In addition, the results of the functional group test show that PU contains highly reactive -NCO which is bonded to the -OH and moisture in the wood fiber, resulting in improvement of physical and mechanical properties. The mechanism for the excellent flame retardancy of WPUCs revealed that polyphosphoric acid produced by APP pyrolysis catalyzed PU into the char, and PU was arched by the resulting gases such as NH3 to form the tiny spherical structure. Meanwhile, the spherical structure increased the height and density of the carbon layer, which worked in blocking heat and the exchange of substances. This work provides a simple and economic strategy for the preparation of flame-retardant WPCs.
Investigation of spectrum of rotational resolve spctrum of collimated CO2 Raman laser
Authors: Cai Xianglong , Liu Dong , Xu Ming , Jia Yuxi , Sun Jinglu , Hu Shu , Shi Jing , Cai Hongxing , Guo Jingwei
Published: December 2022

In this work, a pulsed 1064 nm laser was used as pump source, high pressure CO2 gas was used as Raman medium, and a spectrum up to 12 anti-Stokes and 2 Stokes collimated vibrational Raman lasers was obtained. When higher pumping energy and high resolution spectrometer were applied, a rotational resolved spectrum of collimated CO2 Raman laser was achieved. By the Boltzmann population distribution and Raman gain coefficient analysis, mechanism of stimulated pure rotational Raman scattering was eliminated, and stimulated S-branch vibrational Raman scattering process was identified; by multiple four-wave-maxing (FWM) processes, a spectrum with multiple rotational Raman structure was achieved. Raman gain of Stimulated S-branch vibrational Raman scattering covered a range of more than ten wavenumbers, and was estimated about 5.5 times smaller than that of Stimulated Q-branch vibrational Raman scattering.
Changes in Utilization of Robotic Bariatric Surgery and Effect on Patient Outcomes From 2015-2020
Authors: Koeller Eva , Luhrs Andrew R , Giorgi Marcoandrea
Published: December 2022

Background
Robotic surgery is an increasingly popular alternative to laparoscopy for performing bariatric
operations.
Objectives
To describe changes in utilization and complication rates of this technique over the last six years.
Methods
An analysis of the 2015-2020 Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program participant use files (MBSAQIP PUF) was performed. All patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic bariatric surgery from 2015-2020 were included.
Results
1,341,814 robotic and laparoscopic bariatric operations were included. Both the number and proportion performed robotically increased from 2015 (n=9,866, 5.87%) to 2019 (n=54,356, 13.16%). In 2020, although the number of cases decreased, the proportion performed robotically still increased (17.37%). Yet, there has been no significant change in 30 day risk of death (p=0.946) or infection (p=0.721). In fact, the risk of any complication has decreased from 8.21% in 2015 to 6.43% in 2020 (P=0.001). Robotic cases are being increasingly performed on high-risk patients with 77.06% of patients being American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) class 3 or higher in 2015 versus 81.03% (p=0.001) in 2020. Robotic cases are also more likely to be revision operations than laparoscopic cases (12.16% vs 11.4%, p=0.001).
Conclusions
From 2015-2020 robotic bariatric surgery became more prevalent yet both complication rates and length of operation decreased suggesting it is an increasingly safe option. The risk of robotic complications remains higher than laparoscopy, however there are significant differences in the patient populations suggesting there may be specific patients and/or operations in which robotic bariatric surgery is being used.