bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
АВТОРСЬКА ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЯ ТЕРНОВОГО ВІНЦЯ В ІКОНАХ ТЕТЯНИ ДУМАН
Authors: АВУЛА Анастасія
Published: December 2022

У статті проаналізовано твори дрогобицької художниці Т. Думан та зосереджено увагу на її інтерпретації християнського символу – тернового вінка. Застосовано в дослідженні системний, комплексний методи, використано структурно-типологічний метод для систематизації й опрацювання текстових і візуальних джерел, іконологічний метод для розкриття образно-символічного змісту ікон. Окреслено значення художньої мови мисткині в контексті розвитку напряму сучасного іконопису, що орієнтується на авторську інтерпретацію традиції народної ікони. Встановлено, що творча спадщина Т. Думан (1981–2020) нерозривно пов’язана зі здобутками давнього риботицького центру ікономалярства, діяльність майстрів цього осередку була предметом її наукових розвідок. Наголошено, що навчання у Львівській академії мистецтв, участь у творчому об’єднанні «Кактус» дали художниці гарний професійний вишкіл, розкрили її творчий потенціал, спонукали до пошуку власної мистецької мови. Предметом дослідження статті стали сюжети, де художниця зображає Христа в терновому вінку. Об’єктом є «авторська інтерпретація християнського символу – тернового вінка». Ці зображення мають як традиційний варіант зображення символу страждань Христа (вінок з переплетених гілок терня), так і варіанти його сміливого творчого переосмислення. Підсумовано, що Т. Думан інтерпретує цей символ страстей шляхом доповнення його дрібними білими квітами та листями. Це прослідковуємо у творах «Христос у розквітлому терновому вінку» (2009, 2019) та диптиху «Богородиця і Христос» (2020). Поштовхом для такого трактування тернового вінця в іконописі була зацікавленість автора різноманітними варіантами традиції поєднання народної квіткової символіки в традиційній українській християнській іконографії.
СВЯТИЙ МИКОЛАЙ В ІКОНОПИСІ КОРНИЛА УСТИЯНОВИЧА
Authors: КОВАЛЬ Андрій
Published: December 2022

У статті дається аналіз іконопису художника Корнила Устияновича, що стосується постаті святого Миколая. Виявлено півтора десятка робіт. В спадщині митця представлено два типи зображень – поясний (півфігурний) і ростовий (повнофігурний). Окреслено типові риси образу, які наявні в сакральних просторах різних храмів. Здійснено огляд церков, у яких малював художник та вказано на збереженість чи втрату мистецького доробку. Скажімо, у селі Козьова Стрийського р-ну, у ніші дерев’яної основи знаходиться твір зі святим Миколаєм, що асоціюється із виносною іконою. Це фрагмент іконостасу, який створено у 1877 році. На жаль, церква згоріла, але деякі елементи були врятовані. Усі полотна з постаттю святого Миколая митець малював у різні часи та в різних регіонах Галичини, у яких акцентована увага на самій особі, на його зовнішності, елементах одягу, що мають символічне та естетичне значення. У своєму культурно-живописному возвеличенні образу Миколая Чудотворця Корнило Устиянович не обмежувався однофігурним зображенням. Він збагатив свою творчу спадщину саме сюжетним композиційним вирішенням, також відтворив досить цікаву історичну подію «перенесення мощей святого Миколая», яка відбулася у 1087 р. Такий непростий сюжет, над яким художник працював у церкві села Шешори неподалік Косова, глибоко проаналізувавши біблійний текст та пов’язав його з індивідуальним осмисленням традиції. Митець намагався оновити сюжетно-ситуативні ходи та подати це на живописну площину. У його роботах домінує структурне моделювання форми та образу, а художні сцени відтворені без будь-яких суттєвих відхилень, не виходячи за межі традиції. Рисунок чіткий і закономірний, який базується на академічних засадах. Досить часто на площинах храмів спостерігаємо поєднання реалістичного бачення світу та декоративно-умовних форм художнього виразу, вмотивованість композиційного вирішення, у якому закладено психологічний образ. Притаманна художня майстерність реалістичного малярства та відчуття глибокого внутрішнього змісту, тоді, коли постать набирає типових для регіону характерних рис і стає ближчою до вірян. Зображення доповнюються стриманою та естетичною кольоровою гамою, вміло поєднують багатофігурні образи із природним простором.
Manfaat Buah Naga Untuk Kesehatan
Authors: Aryanta I Wayan Redi
Published: December 2022

Buah naga (Hylocereus polyrhizus) merupakan buah tropis dan subtropis yang saat ini banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia, Taiwan, Vietnam, Malaysia dan Filipina. Kajian pustaka ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan zat gizi dan fitokimia serta manfaat  buah naga untuk kesehatan. Hasil penelusuran pustaka menunjukkan bahwa buah naga sangat kaya dengan zat gizi, antioksidan dan senyawa bioaktif  yang sangat bermanfaat untuk kesehatan. Kandungan zat gizi per 100 g buah naga merah adalah : air (85,7 g), energi (71 kal), protein (1,7 g), lemak (3,1 g), karbohidrat (9,1 g), serat (3,2g), abu (0,4 g), kalsium (13 mg), natrium (10 mg), kalium (128 mg), fosfor (14 mg), zat besi (0,4 mg), seng (0,4 mg), magnesium (0,10 mg), vitamin B1 (0,5 mg), vitamin B2 (0,3 mg), vitamin B3 (0,5 mg), vitamin C (1 mg ) dan vitamin E (0,4 mg). Senyawa antioksidan yang potensial pada buah naga adalah: vitamin C, vitamin E, betalain,  hydroxycinnamates, karotenoid (beta-karoten dan likopen), flavonoid, betacyanin, betaxanthin. Terkait dengan kesehatan, buah naga sangat bermanfaat untuk menjaga kesehatan pencernaan, mengurangi risiko kanker, menurunkan kadar kolesterol jahat dan meningkatkan kesehatan jantung, mengontrol gula darah dan mengurangi risiko diabetes, meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh, meredakan batuk dan flu, mencegah migrain, menurunkan berat badan, membantu mengatasi demam berdarah, menjaga kesehatan tulang, melawan radang sendi (arthritis), mencegah anemia, meningkatkan kesehatan mata, menjaga kesehatan kulit, meredakan nyeri pada kulit yang terbakar sinar matahari, mengurangi jerawat, melindungi rambut dari kerusakan, membantu meningkatkan fungsi otak, dan menjaga kesehatan ibu hamil.
Pola Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi Pasien Hipertensi Dan Hipertensi Dengan Diabetes Militus Di Puskesmas Selemadeg Timur II Tabanan
Authors: Gangga I Made Putra , Wintariani Ni Putu , Apsari Dewi Puspita
Published: December 2022

Hipertensi merupakan suatu keadaan dimana terjadinya peningkatan tekanan darah yang tidak normal dalam pembuluh darah arteri dan terjadi secara terus menerus. Jumlah penderita hipertensi di dunia terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Diperkirakan pada tahun 2025 akan ada 1,5 miliar orang yang terkena hipertensi. Kontrol tekanan darah dan pemilihan obat yang tepat diperlukan untuk meminimalkan angka kematian akibat hipertensi. Penelitian yang dilakukan termasuk dalam penelitian non eksperimental. dimana penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan deskriptif yang dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan melihat pemberian terapi pasien Hipertensi dan Hipertensi dengan Diabetes. Penggunaan monoterapi CCB (Amlodipine) merupakan terapi yang paling sering digunakan. CCB digunakan pada pasien hipertensi sistolik lansia. Systolic Hypertension-Europe melakukan uji coba pada pada placebo terkontrol yang menunjukkan bahwa CCB dihidropyridine long-acting mengurangi resiko kejadian kardiovaskular pada hipertensi sistolik. Pasien Hipertensi dengan Diabetes penggunaan monoterapi ACEI (Captopril) merupakan terapi yang paling sering di gunakan untuk pasien hipertensi dengan DM. ACEI memiliki manfaat dalam menghambat perkembangan DM bahkan mencegah komplikasi DM pada pasien dengan hipertensi melalui mekanisme penghambatan RAAS (Renin- Angiotensin-Aldosteron System). Kontrol tekanan darah pasien hipertensi disertai DM mengalami penurunan dimana tidak terdapat pasien dengan tekanan darah stage 2. Pasien dengan Hipertensi didapati penurunan tekanan darah dimana 93% berada di bawah atau sama dengan target tekanan darah yang direkomendasikan JNC 8. Penggunaan monoterapi yang mendominasi pada pasien lansia dengan Hipertensi dan Hipertensi dengan Diabetes menunjukan adanya perbaikan tekanan darah pasien. Hal ini dikarenakan terapi yang diberikan menurut JNC 8 telah tepat sehingga target tekanan darah pasien tercapai
Modal Choice Probability Study from Bus to Train At Jombang – Babat Railway Line Reactivation Design
Authors: Nugroho Utomo  , Fithri Estikhamah
Published: December 2022

Currently, the transportation mode which connects Jombang City to Babat City in Lamongan Regency on trip is still using bus. This current transportation mode is under appropriated to serving passengers because there are lack of comfortable, unclean, and long headway time approximately 2 – 3 hours for a same routes. Based on these problems, research about intermodal transportation and modal choice probability is suitable. Intermodal transport is designed to revitalize train routes from Jombang to Babat City. A modal choice probability study obtains the number of predicted passengers which can be switched from the existing transportation mode (bus) to the designed transportation mode (train) by using the Stated Preference method. By creating intermodal transportation, obtained train circulation time plan was 303,49 minutes, the headway time plan was 118,6 minutes, the rolling stock plan requirements are three sets of trains and the ticket price plan is IDR 11.500/passenger. According to the difference between train and bus ticket price when the price of train ticket is lower than bus the result of modal choice probability is 0,88. According to the difference between train and bus travel time when train travel time is faster by 42 minutes than bus the result is 0,87. Then due to departure frequency between train and bus when the number of train departures is more thanfive times per day, the probability analysis results is 0,83.
CORRELATION OF INTERLEUKIN-6 (IL-6) LEVEL AND NUMBER OF LYMPHOCYTES IN COVID-19 POSITIVE PATIENTS AT PERSAHABATAN HOSPITAL
Authors: Mulhimah Mimah , Wijayanti Dian Rachma , Purnomo Frida Octavia
Published: December 2022

Covid-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and is transmitted through droplets. In Covid-19 patients who are critical or have severe symptoms, hypercytokines are often found, which is characterized by an increase in the cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6). High levels of IL-6 cytokines can disrupt the immune system, including leukocytes, especially lymphocytes, which are the main system of the immune response. The state of continued inflammation and continuously stimulated lymphocytes will cause the lymphocytes to work too hard. This study aims to determine the relationship of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) with lymphocytes in Covid-19 positive patients. This study is a quantitative research with correlation analysis method using data collection technique by purposive sampling. Furthermore, to analyze, the authors used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test and the Spearman correlation test. The results of the analysis showed a fairly significant correlation between levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the number of lymphocytes in Covid-19 positive patients.
PROVIDING SNACKS TO IMPROVE DIETARY ADHERENCE, ADEQUACY OF NUTRITION INTAKE AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOR HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Hari Raharjeng Sa'bania
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of high-energy-protein interlude on increasing dietary compliance, nutritional intake adequacy and quality of life of hemodialysis patients. This research is a pre-experimental study with a one group pre-test and post-test design. The number of samples in this study was 71. All research subjects were patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Patients will be given high-energy and protein snacks twice a day for 21 days. The sample it self was selected by using the consecutive sampling method. Data analysis using McNemar test and Multiple Logistics Regression. The results showed that there was a significant increase in dietary compliance and nutrient intake during the intervention, but after the intervention was completed, decreased compliance and nutritional intake. So that there was no significant difference in dietary adherence between before and after the intervention (p = 0.32) and there was no significant increase in the adequacy of nutrient intake between before and after the intervention. There was a significant difference between the quality of life scores before and after being given a snack (p = 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that energy intake, fat intake, and length of hemodialysis period could be used to predict poor quality of life of hemodialysis patients (R2 = 0.125; AIC = 72). The provision of snacks can help to increase the average intake of nutrients to meet the intake of nutrients and the quality of life of hemodialysis patients.
Kitab Arba’un Hadithan Fi Ishtina’ Al-Ma’ruf Bayna Al-Muslimin Oleh Imam Al-Mundhiri: Satu Kajian Takhrij
Authors: Doll Kawaid A Irwan Santeri , Abu Bakar Ahmad Izzuddin , Yabi Shumsudin , Doll Kawaid Mohd Khairul Ni’mat
Published: December 2022

The Book of Arba'un Hadithan fi Ishtina 'al-Ma'ruf Bayna al-Muslimin could be considered the first book of forty hadith that was written on the virtues of doing kindness to other people. It is one of the works of Imam al-Mundhiri (w 656 H) which means that it has been written around the seventh century. It is said that the book received good acceptance from the public at that time. The Moroccan Ministry of Waqf and Islamic Affairs at this time has republished the book in 1985 justifying the merit of the book. The book contains forty hadiths that have been selected by Imam al-Mundahiri from various hadith resources. The hadiths were about doing kindness dan helping others. However, the author did not mention the sources of the hadiths selected as well as any information about them. Imam Muhammad bin Ibrahim al-Sulami al-Munawi (w 803 H) then improved the book by giving information about the sources (takhrij) and brought similar hadiths to the selected hadiths to support them as well as adding some explanation to them. After him, Muhammad bin Makhluf al-Tha'alabi (w 875 H) summarized the book. However, although Imam al-Mundhiri was a scholar of the hadith as well as Imam al-Sulami and al-Tha'alabi, many statuses of the selected hadiths were found not authentic. Nevertheless, some of it was considered fabricated. Likely, Imam al-Sulami and al-Tha'alabi who were commenting on the book did not comment anything about the status. Thus, this paper tries to do takhrij to the hadiths of the book. It will discuss their authenticity as well as highlight the significance of the book in encouraging the activity of doing kindness to people.
Pembentukan Kerangka Infak Jariah Menurut Ulama Hadis
Authors: Hamdan Nazmi Qayyum , Sahad Mohd Nizam
Published: December 2022

There are several types of practices that ongoing its reward even after death. Al-Suyutiy concludes from various hadiths that there are 11 types of continuous charity. However, the hadiths provide some specific examples and no scholars have inferred them to a general framework or concept. This study collects data by using document observation through the internet and al-Maktabah al-Shamilah software. All eleven infaq al-jariyah (continuous charity) will be analyzed thematically by the help of hadith scholars’ commentaries. Based on the exposition of the hadith scholars, the general themes of continuous charity mentioned in the hadith are concluded. The results of the analysis found that the continuous charity framework has three concepts namely; provide basic facilities, producing a pious generation, and maintain peace.
Disease Control Plan: Reading Communicable Illness In The Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī
Authors: Bin Sapi’ee Muhammad Lutfi , Muhammad Yusoff Muhammad Fawwaz
Published: December 2022

(SPRP) by the World Health Organization (WHO) 2021 outlines 11 indicators to battle the pandemic. In comparison to the Islamic tradition, the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in kitāb al-mardhā and kitāb al-ṭibb of Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī showcase the approaches and principles of modern epidemiology-based solutions. Hence, this paper attempts to analyse the disease control plan of WHO based on leading-edge epidemiology and prophetic traditions. Furthermore, it also intends to correlate pragmatic principles from the hadith and their commentaries with contemporary epidemiology. While dissecting the kitāb al-mardhā and kitāb al-ṭibb from al-Bukhārī’s (d. 870CE/256AH) magnum opus to establish the core principle, the researcher likewise interprets the pillars of the Strategic Preparation and Response Plan (SPRP) attempting to synchronise with the prophetic tradition. Long before the present solution, border control and preventive social measures were implemented; it stands to reason that modern epidemiology is in accord with the prophetic tradition. In short, five of the eleven pillars are directly in line with the ḥadīth.
Manhaj Penulisan Hadith Dalam Fiqh Al-Sunnah Oleh Sayyid Sabiq
Authors: Sebri Mohamad Ehsan , Shamsudin Roshimah
Published: December 2022

The fame achieved by Sayyid Sabiq as a renowned Muslim scholar is undisputed. However, he is not spared from criticism. In his work entitled Fiqh al-Sunnah, he is said to have no method in applying hadith to substantiate rules that it entails several contradictions against the aspects affecting the disciplines of hadith. This study therefore intends to investigate the method of hadith writing by Sayyid Sabiq in Fiqh al-Sunnah. To achieve the purpose, qualitative research is conducted through the content analysis method in examining textual contents in Fiqh al-Sunnah. The study finds that Sayyid Sabiq does have his own method in the writing of hadith. Among the approaches he employs is shortening the chain of transmitters, clarifying the status of some hadith and providing comments on the hadith transmitters. Further, this study discovers that the hadiths of which status he does not clarify come under criticism by the scholars who evaluate the same as weak hadith. The criticism however does not impair his credibility as a figure who contributes in elevating hadith as a primary reference in the discourse of fiqh.
Sejarah Penulisan Ilmu Sirah: Analisis Perubahan Paten Dan Landskap Historiografi Islam
Authors: Azmi Ahmad Sanusi
Published: December 2022

Examining the complex nature of Islamic historiography, Robinson adduced the discourse in a tripartite typology of historical works namely as chronography, biography, and prosopography. The formative period of historical writings in the early Islamic era has been one of the interesting topics especially the development of Sirah literature. This paper aims to explore the nature of early Islamic historical writings, analyze the emergence of its literature, and examine the basic pattern of Sirah Nabawiyyah. The present study is qualitative in nature and is one in which the researcher will employ both descriptive and source-critical approaches. The study in its findings confirm that the earliest proponents of the Prophet were principally attempting biography, and were responsible, above all, for the transmission of tradition. They apparently took any narration or anecdote about the Prophet, even, on occasions, contradictory accounts. With its specific patterns, circumlocutions, and diverse emphases, in which no one part is given distinction or importance over another, the Sirah itself contains the totality of what the compilers could gather, as scrupulously as they found possible.
How is the urban governance changing in response to the pandemic? The case of Milan
Authors: Bortolotti Alberto
Published: December 2022

This article deals with the effects of COVID-19 on the urban governance of Milan. The author argues that, despite the changeable situation still ongoing, looking at the measures assumed in 2020, the Municipality of Milan took middle-term strategies and radical decisions for the design and the use of the city from a perspective of sustainable prosperity together with the pandemic management. According to the "Milano 2020" Adaptation Strategy, several policies were adopted in order to decongest public areas through the enlargement of spaces and services. In particular, during that period, the administration planned new policies in order to empower urban flexibility, rhythms and times, diversified mobility, public and green spaces, infrastructures, cooperation, and inclusion. In conclusion, the author argues that the pandemic has redefined the urban prosperity of Milan in relation to the sustainable transition and the new social challenges determined by the global scenario.
Dilemmas of public participation in policymaking in South Africa
Authors: Umoh Samuel Uwem
Published: December 2022

The effectiveness of representative democracy in South Africa is questionable, given the lack of confidence in the Parliament and the recurring service delivery protests, which indicate that citizens' opinions are unheard. Due to this, the Members of Parliament (MPs) devise strategies such as democratic innovation to involve citizens in policymaking as the platform for deliberation. Given this context, the paper discusses public participation in policymaking and how declining confidence in the Parliament necessitates democratic innovations as a panacea for increasing citizens' participation in Parliament activities. The paper also identifies dilemmas that occur in public involvement. Data was generated by interviews (with 16 MPs), observation of plenary debates, minutes of the Parliament, Hansard, minutes of Select and Standing Committees, and Parliamentary speeches. Findings suggest that despite the complexity of implementing public participation in South Africa, the Parliament has made significant progress since 1994 in widening democratic innovation to facilitate public participation. However, disadvantaged people continue to be marginalized from policymaking. The paper suggests that there is a need for political education and public participation in policymaking to strengthen democratic institutions in South Africa.
Evaluation of the Weightage on Pain Management in Pharmacology Curricula of MBBS Course in Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdoush Jannatul , Johora Fatema , Jeenia Fatiha Tasmin , Chowdhury Tashfia Momtaz , Sadia Halima , Arifina Rafana , Abbasy Asma Akter , Rahman Md Sayedur
Published: December 2022

Background: Prioritizing problem-oriented undergraduate medical education is paramount to adequate management of pain in real life scenarios. The present research was conducted with an attempt to explore the important baseline information for pain medicine education and evaluation within pharmacology curricula of MBBS course in Bangladesh.

Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study evaluates the curriculum (Pharmacology of MBBS curriculum, 2012), and written question (SAQ) of MBBS Examination of last ten years extending from January 2010 to November,2019 of all 7 universities offering MBBS degree. The evaluation was conducted through searching certain key phrases.

Results: In Pharmacology and Therapeutics portion of the curriculum, only 4 hours and 2 hours are allocated to discuss pain management in lecture and tutorial respectively. In the study period, average marks allocated in pharmacology written question papers was 4.4 (SD ± 2.7) and the difference among studied universities was not significant (p value 0.7).

Conclusion: Allocated time in the curricula to teach pain management is very low and weightage received in assessment is also inadequate. Education on pain medication as well as management should receive more emphasis.

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.21 (2); July 2022; Page 48-51
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI GOOGLE CLASSROOM DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SMA SANTA MARIA DELLA STRADA JAKARTA
Authors: Lumbantobing Septina Severina , Sianturi Manogari , Simbolon Sartika Ari Veronica , Samaloisa Isvan Ruan Saputra , Saleleubaja Etiwa Safitri
Published: December 2022

The Google Classroom application is one form of the learning management system that is most widely used by students. This is because this application is easy to use and does not require large application storage space on both smartphones and laptops. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of using the Google Classroom application in learning physics during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research method uses descriptive quantitative research methods. The research instrument used was a questionnaire given to 60 students consisting of class X and class XI. Indicators of effectiveness in this study are 1) understanding of the material in learning by using google classroom, 2) ease of accessing the google classroom application, 3) communication while using the google classroom application while online, 4) the use of google classroom in physics practicum. The results showed that as many as 61.85% of students agreed that it was easy to understand the material/learning theory by using google classroom, 72.5% of students agreed to the ease of accessing the google classroom application, 64.9% of students agreed that communication was smooth with the use of google classroom. and 40.67% of students agree that it is difficult to carry out practicum with the google classroom application alone without the help of other applications. Overall the effectiveness of using the Google Classroom application in learning physics is in the high category with a percentage of 70% which means it is effectively used by teachers and students
ANALISIS PROGRAM PEDULI ANTI BULLYING UNTUK MENCEGAH MASALAH BELAJAR SISWA DI SMAN 3 TANA TORAJA
Authors: Siska Siska , Tambunan Witarsa
Published: December 2022

Child abuse is not only done by the parents as the closest person but also done by the whole neighborhood, such as at school or in the society, so that the collaboration is needed that will give a good empact for the process of growth, teaching learning prosess, and in child social life. On the other hand, the school can also do an anti-abuse care programme to the whole stakeholder at school to prevent verbal and our verbal bullying at school so the teaching prosess can work out the way it was supposed to. This nesearch used literatune shidy by analyzing from varios research sources, e.book article, and interview results
Robotic flamethrower complexes as a prospect for the development of flamethrower units
Authors: Martynіuk I. , Shmatov Ye. , Stadnichuk О. , Pogrebnyak T. , Larionov V. , Homeniuk I.
Published: December 2022

The war in Ukraine and, as a result, the growth of international tensions became the main issue of national security and the need to identify effective prospective weapons. In conditions where the enemy is significantly superior in all components (technically and quantitatively), unmanned (robotic, remotely controlled) powerful fire weapons are able to influence the course of hostilities. The war Nagorno-Karabakh (2020) in and Ukraine (2014-2022) showed the high effectiveness of weapons placed on unmanned (robotic) platforms. The development and adoption of new weapons systems and military equipment, high-precision means of reconnaissance and attack, automated control systems will lead to the review and reform of the organizational and personnel structure of the troops, the timeliness and efficiency of the execution of combat tasks, the maximum preservation of personnel, etc. One of these means of fire damage can be a robotic flamethrower complex. The prospect of using robotic systems, their tactical and technical justifications are quite relevant and in demand in today's conditions. The purpose of the research is to study the perspective of using a robotic flamethrower complex, to determine its main characteristics, role and place in the organizational and staff structure of a flamethrower platoon of a radiation, chemical, biological protection company. The work analyzes the typical organizational and personnel structure of a flamethrower platoon and its combat capabilities. Tactical and technical characteristics for the development of a new robotic flamethrower complex were proposed, and a new typical organizational and personnel structure of the flamethrower platoon, which will be adopted, was developed. The effectiveness (probability) of hitting the target with the proposed weapon sample was calculated. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, the main advantages of the flamethrower platoon, which will be armed with a robotic flamethrower complex, are formulated. In particular, the autonomy of task performance, high accuracy of damage, mobility and survivability, increased damage range and power of flamethrower shots, the ability to perform tasks in any weather and at any time of the day, and the absence of a psychological factor. The introduction of a robotic flamethrower complex into the staff of a radiation, chemical, biological protection company will help reduce the number of personnel on the battlefield.
The development of a heavy class combat robotic ground complex based on the BTR-4E armored personnel carrier
Authors: Gliebov V. , Zhadan V. , Korolov V. , Mormylo Ia. , Strimovskyi S. , Volkovoi O. , Hanzera Yu. , Lypovets V. , Folynin S.
Published: December 2022

The article considers the development of a heavy-class robotic ground combat system based on the BTR-4E armored personnel carrier.
Analysis of samples the heavy class combat robotic ground complexes showed that they can be developed on the basis of serial crewed military vehicles HMMWV (AM General), M-ATV (Oshkosh), BMP-3 (Russia), T-72 (Russia), M113 (Israel), Patria AMV (Finland) or create a new design MDARS (AM General), Black Knight (BAE Systems), "Uran-9" (Russia), TYPE-X (Milrem Robotics). They are made on a tracked or wheeled platform. What unites this class of robotic ground combat systems is a remotely controlled combat module with a 25-30 mm cannon, anti-tank guided missiles, a machine gun and a grenade launcher, which can be controlled from a distance.
A comparative analysis of the tactical and technical characteristics the BTR-4E armored personnel carrier with military vehicles with a 30 mm cannon in service with the Armed Forces of Ukraine has been performed. As a result, the choice of     BTR-4E armored personnel carrier as the basic crew unit for the construction of a heavy class robotic ground combat system has been substantiated.
The analysis of the design of control drives of the power plant, transmission, braking system, steering system and combat module installed on the BTR-4E armored personnel carrier was carried out in terms of the possibility of implementing remote control of movement and fire.
The structure of a combat ground robotic complex based on the BTR-4E armored personnel carrier with different variants of remote control panels, means of establishing communication channels and construction of a remote control station is proposed.
For example, the driver's remote control panel may be designed on the basis a tablet or on the basis a simulator for full simulation of control commands. Remote controls for the commander and gunner can be designed on the basis of regular controls and be similar to them for quick training of the crew to work.
Communication between remote control units and the controlled armored personnel carrier can be arranged using ultrashort-wave radios or via the 4G, 5G mobile network.
The remote control point can also be developed on the basis a BTR-4E armored personnel carrier, a military vehicle or deployed on the ground. It depends on the concept of application of the heavy class combat ground robotic complex.
Analysis of the ballistic sound wave of the bullet to determine the point of hitting the target
Authors: Shulgin A. , Tymoschuk O. , Khaustov D. , Burashnikov O. , Vilgush D. , Nastishin Yu.
Published: December 2022

Development of armament and training military equipment aimed to improve the support of units as well as to speed up and improve the quality of training of military personnel are the tasks that remains important and gained special priority in the conditions of war. The study of existing technologies and methods for improving the processes of training and conducting combat shows that a promising direction in this regard is the analysis of the sound field to obtain detailed information about the events on the battlefield or at the place of firing and tactical training classes.
The analysis of the sound field during the flight of the bullet is important both for use in the educational and training process as well as during the performance of combat missions. The great advantage of such methods is the relative simplicity, low cost of equipment and the absence of unmasking factors in the form of electromagnetic radiation from various spectral ranges. Another advantage is the ability to modernize existing equipment and weapons without the need to make drastic changes to the design and operation scheme of used armament and equipment.
The paper proposes a method for the determination of the trajectory of a bullet or projectile to establish the point of impact or to determine the direction of deviation from the real or training target in the case of a failed shot. Mathematical algorithms obtained on the basis of the proposed physical model for detecting the flight of a bullet in the vicinity of a system of microphones located near the target, compactly placed at certain distances from each other on a rigid tripod, are presented. An analysis of the technical possibility of implementing the corresponding device and its functioning in the conditions of a real experiment was carried out.
The results of the experimental verification of the capability of the method are presented in order to confirm the correctness of the mathematical calculations, as well as to determine the possible directions of development of the approach and the ways of increasing the accuracy of the determination of the calculated parameters. The experimentally obtained data agree well with the results of theoretical calculations.
Employment of the proposed acoustic system for the determination of the coordinate of the target hitting point together with the traditional target equipment allows one to enhance the training process in firing and tactical training as well as improves the learning of the training issues. It also shortens the time needed for the analysis of the results of the shooting exercises and allows one to reduce the consumption of ammunition in the training process. The analysis of the ballistic sound wave of a bullet, in order to determine the coordinates of the bullet flight path, can be used in the training process of military personnel and during real battles.
Investigation of the stress-strain state of the wall and bottom of cylindrical tanks for the storage of explosive substances
Authors: Hlova T. , Hlova B. , Baranov A. , Korolova O.
Published: December 2022

Using the method of mathematical modeling, as well as the laws of thermodynamics, analytical dependences were obtained to study the stress-strain state of spherical tanks depending on the different surface temperatures of this structure. The calculations performed showed that the radial stresses are insignificant compared to the tangential ones, which act on tension. The greatest absolute value of tangential stresses is taken on the inner surface of the spherical structure, acting in tension and on the outer surface – compression. The investigation results are presented graphically.
Explosive and toxic substances are a major component of military bases stored in special-purposes tanks, namely spherical tanks, which are one of the most common. As a result of sabotage or arson of these tanks, there is a leak of toxic substances and the formation of steam and gas clouds which can lead to an explosion, significant thermal radiation, and the possibility of infection of military equipment, territory, and various objects in the vicinity of the accident, including personnel, which makes it impossible to conduct hostilities for a long time.
Analyzing the experience of accidents at similar facilities, several types of accidents of spherical gasholders during their depressurization are possible, namely: explosion, flare, fireball, fire of toxic substances and the presence of a saturated explosive cloud. Analyzing the extraordinary accidents in the places of storage of toxic, explosive substances and fuels and lubricants, which are related to the violation of their storage and exploitation, allows us to conclude that this is a global problem of today. Therefore, to prevent explosion and fire hazards, the strength of engineering structures that contain toxic and explosive substances are quite high requirements. 
One of the main tasks in the general problem of explosion and fire safety is the ability to timely warn or prevent accidental explosions on building, military or explosion-proof structures, as well as personnel nearby. Therefore, the impact of temperature on special-purpose tanks due to sabotage, natural factors and abnormal cases on the strength characteristics of engineering structures of this type are important, both theoretically and practically.
Design features of underwater breathing apparatus
Authors: Haponenko H. , Melnyk R. , Horchynskiy I. , Karshen A. , Ftemov Yu. , Lischinskyy O.
Published: December 2022

The problem of finding and disposing of explosive objects in the water areas of seas and rivers that remain as a result of hostilities on the territory of our country is urgent and requires appropriate technical equipment. The technical support (equipment) for performing underwater work, which is in service with the Armed Forces of Ukraine, is outdated and can pose a threat to the life and health of sapper divers during the performance of complex combat tasks on a regular basis. One of the pressing issues today is the transition of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to NATO standards. Taking this into account, the issue of not only transitioning to international standards that regulate the processes of development, planning, testing, operation, repair or modernization of weapons and equipment, but also the preservation of the lives of personnel during combat missions is an urgent issue. Accordingly, the search for ways to increase the safety of military personnel during diving descents with explosive work is relevant. The purpose of the study is to analyze the possibility of making structural changes in underwater breathing apparatus (UBA) with an open breathing circuit of the ABA type and to evaluate the effectiveness of the changes made using a composite efficiency index. The types of UBAs with an open breathing circuit of the ABA type are analyzed, the main advantages and disadvantages of UBAs with open, semi-closed and closed circuits of gas supply for breathing are indicated. The principlescheme of the UBA type ABA was considered and constructive solutions were proposed to increase the safety of diving descents and works. Introducing a fundamentally different design of the reducer and the reserve air supply valve into the design scheme will provide an opportunity to control the air supply in the UBA, increase the safety of diving descents and work. The proposed changes in the design will improve the safety of diving descents and underwater work. The obtained results can be used in further scientific research in the direction of modernization and development of promising means of diving equipment.
Methodology for the development of diagnostic support of multiple-output objects during their design and operation
Authors: Sakovych L. , Ryzhov Ye. , Miroshnichenko Yu. , Greenday A. , Nastishin Yu.
Published: December 2022

Despite the rapid increase in the reliability of the elemental base of modern means of special communication, the issue of ensuring their maintainability, the value of which indicators are regulated by governing documents, is an urgent issue. Searching for faulty elements takes up a significant amount of time in the current repair of special communication equipment, so improving the diagnostic support is quite important. This is achieved by using effective algorithms for the search activity of craftsmen, which reduce the required number of checks for damaged equipment. It was established that up to 30% of failures of special communication means are caused by malfunctions of their secondary power supply, which belong to the class of multi-output objects. In the article, with the use of modern achievements of technical diagnostics and metrology, which were not taken into account before, possible options for constructing conditional algorithms of diagnostics are investigated. Also, their quality indicators are studied depending on the structural features of the object of diagnosis and the results of comparison are given. The conditions for the preferential selection of defect search algorithms based on the criterion of the minimum average recovery time have been established, and the procedure for solving this task has been formalized.
Approaches to ensuring the necessary level of reliability of radio-electronic means during the design of the design of the products are also considered, taking into account the metrological and diagnostic support for their operation. It is known that up to 80% of the time of current repairs is spent searching for defects, so special attention is paid to the effect of product design on minimizing the average time of diagnosis. Considered possible options for restoring the functionality of multi-output objects, which include power supply subsystems. It is shown that a well-reasoned choice of design, metrological and diagnostic support reduces the time of current repair by up to 30%.
Murabahah Financing, Musyarakah, Mudharabah, Istishna and Ijarah Against Sharia Banking Profit Sharing
Authors: Sudiro Bagus Ahmad , Ahmar Nurmala , Ardiansyah
Published: December 2022

In general, the principle of profit sharing in sharia banking can be done through murabahah, musyarakah, mudharabah, istishna dan ijarah contracts. The more profit sharing generated by Islamic banking, the better conditions of Islamic banking. The sample used and the data were obtained from 11 Islamic Banks in Indonesia for the period 2014-2018. Profit sharing is used as the dependent variable while murabahah, musyarakah, mudharabah, istishna, and ijarah financing are used as independent variables. The results of the research without resampling and with resampling show that murabahah, mudharabah, and istishna have a significant effect on profit sharing, and musyarakah and ijarah have no significant effect on profit sharing. Murabahah gives the most dominant influence on profit sharing.
Molecular cartooning with knowledge graphs
Authors: Santangelo Brook E. , Gillenwater Lucas A. , Salem Nourah M. , Hunter Lawrence E.
Published: December 2022

Molecular “cartoons,” such as pathway diagrams, provide a visual summary of biomedical research results and hypotheses. Their ubiquitous appearance within the literature indicates their universal application in mechanistic communication. A recent survey of pathway diagrams identified 64,643 pathway figures published between 1995 and 2019 with 1,112,551 mentions of 13,464 unique human genes participating in a wide variety of biological processes. Researchers generally create these diagrams using generic diagram editing software that does not itself embody any biomedical knowledge. Biomedical knowledge graphs (KGs) integrate and represent knowledge in a semantically consistent way, systematically capturing biomedical knowledge similar to that in molecular cartoons. KGs have the potential to provide context and precise details useful in drawing such figures. However, KGs cannot generally be translated directly into figures. They include substantial material irrelevant to the scientific point of a given figure and are often more detailed than is appropriate. How could KGs be used to facilitate the creation of molecular diagrams? Here we present a new approach towards cartoon image creation that utilizes the semantic structure of knowledge graphs to aid the production of molecular diagrams. We introduce a set of “semantic graphical actions” that select and transform the relational information between heterogeneous entities (e.g., genes, proteins, pathways, diseases) in a KG to produce diagram schematics that meet the scientific communication needs of the user. These semantic actions search, select, filter, transform, group, arrange, connect and extract relevant subgraphs from KGs based on meaning in biological terms, e.g., a protein upstream of a target in a pathway. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, we show how semantic graphical actions on KGs could have been used to produce three existing pathway diagrams in diverse biomedical domains: Down Syndrome, COVID-19, and neuroinflammation. Our focus is on recapitulating the semantic content of the figures, not the layout, glyphs, or other aesthetic aspects. Our results suggest that the use of KGs and semantic graphical actions to produce biomedical diagrams will reduce the effort required and improve the quality of this visual form of scientific communication.
Validity and reliability of inertial measurement units measurements for running kinematics in different foot strike pattern runners
Authors: Zeng Ziwei , Liu Yue , Li Pan , Wang Lin
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the three-dimensional joint kinematic outcomes obtained by the inertial measurement units (IMUs) for runners with rearfoot strike pattern (RFS) and non-rearfoot strike pattern (NRFS). The IMUs system and optical motion capture system were used to simultaneous collect 3D kinematic of lower extremity joint data from participants running at 12 km/h. The joint angle waveforms showed a high correlation between the two systems after the offset correction in the sagittal plane (NRFS: coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) = 0.924–0.968, root mean square error (RMSE) = 4.6°–13.7°; RFS: CMC = 0.930–0.965, RMSE = 3.1°–7.7°), but revealed high variability in the frontal and transverse planes (NRFS: CMC = 0.924–0.968, RMSE = 4.6°–13.7°; RFS: CMC = 0.930–0.965, RMSE = 3.1°–7.7°). The between-rater and between-day reliability were shown to be very good to excellent in the sagittal plane (between-rater: NRFS: CMC = 0.967–0.975, RMSE = 1.9°–2.9°, RFS: CMC = 0.922–0.989, RMSE = 1.0°–2.5°; between-day: NRFS: CMC = 0.950–0.978, RMSE = 1.6°–2.7°, RFS: CMC = 0.920–0.989, RMSE = 1.7°–2.2°), whereas the reliability was weak to very good (between-rater: NRFS: CMC = 0.480–0.947, RMSE = 1.1°–2.7°, RFS: CMC = 0.646–0.873, RMSE = 0.7°–2.4°; between-day: NRFS: CMC = 0.666–0.867, RMSE = 0.7°–2.8°, RFS: CMC = 0.321–0.805, RMSE = 0.9°–5.0°) in the frontal and transverse planes across all joints in both types of runners. The IMUs system was a feasible tool for measuring lower extremity joint kinematics in the sagittal plane during running, especially for RFS runners. However, the joint kinematics data in frontal and transverse planes derived by the IMUs system need to be used with caution.
Organoid technology and applications in lung diseases: Models, mechanism research and therapy opportunities
Authors: Chen Jingyao , Na Feifei
Published: December 2022

The prevalency of lung disease has increased worldwide, especially in the aging population. It is essential to develop novel disease models, that are superior to traditional models. Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) in vitro structures that produce from self-organizing and differentiating stem cells, including pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) or adult stem cells (ASCs). They can recapitulate the in vivo cellular heterogeneity, genetic characteristics, structure, and functionality of original tissues. Drug responses of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are consistent with that of patients, and show correlations with genetic alterations. Thus, organoids have proven to be valuable in studying the biology of disease, testing preclinical drugs and developing novel therapies. In recent years, organoids have been successfully applied in studies of a variety of lung diseases, such as lung cancer, influenza, cystic fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. In this review, we provide an update on the generation of organoid models for these diseases and their applications in basic and translational research, highlighting these signs of progress in pathogenesis study, drug screening, personalized medicine and immunotherapy. We also discuss the current limitations and future perspectives in organoid models of lung diseases.