bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF MCDM APPROACH TO EVALUATE THE CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Authors: Jusoh Ahmad , Mardani Abbas , Omar Rozeyta , Štreimikienė Dalia , Khalifah Zainab , Sharifara Ali
Published: October 2018

Although many studies have focused on significant role of total quality management (TQM) in literature, little attention has been paid to using the fuzzy multiple criteria decision making (FMCDM) for analysis TQM factors especially in the context of hospitality. The purpose of this study is to identify, prioritize and evaluate the TQM critical success factors (CSFs) in hospitality industry by integrating the theory of fuzzy sets, quantitative and qualitative approaches. Primary criteria to evaluate TQM CSFs are achieved by the literature survey, and the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) has been used by experts for evaluating of soft and hard TQM CSFs. In the following step, we employed the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) to find the weights of criteria. The results of this study indicated that, internal and external cooperation had the first rank among other CSFs in hospitality industry. In addition, the second and third rank in soft aspect includes customer focus and leadership respectively. The findings of this study shown guidance to practitioners and managers of quality to implement of TQM in their organizations, effectively by using the suggested set of identified TQM CSFs.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INTEGRATED FMCDM METHODS FOR EVALUATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Pehlivan Nimet Yapici , Şahin Aynur , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Turskis Zenonas
Published: October 2018

With the globalization of economy and development of technology, organizational strategy development in distribution channel management has become more significant for competitive business world. To improve distribution channel performance, many companies have focused on Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods. In the literature, there are a great number of studies on MCDM and fuzzy MCDM (FMCDM) methods, whereas a few studies on integrated FMCDM methods. The purpose of this study is to propose integrated FMCDM methodology including FAHP, WASPAS-F, EDAS-F and ARAS-F. In these methods, relative importances of the criteria are determined by FAHP. Managerial and financial perspective is determined as the most important criteria by FAHP methods. Then WASPAS-F, EDAS-F and ARAS-F methods are carried out to rank the alternatives. The practical implication of the integrated FMCDM methods is the use of linguistic variables for assessment of the criteria and the alternatives. As a research implication, Hybrid Based Strategy is determined as the best organizational strategy. The originality and value of study is to present comparative analyzes using the newly developed WASPAS-F, EDAS-F and ARAS-F integrated with FAHP methods. An important finding of the study is that the ranking results of the proposed methods are consistent with each other.
Locomotion of Niphargus amphipods from cave lakes and streams
Authors: Premate Ester , Volk Teja , Copilaş-Ciocianu Denis , Fišer Žiga , Jemec Kokalj Anita , Delić Teo , Fiser Cene
Published: October 2018

Locomotion is a complex trait directly linked to different fitness components such as foraging, mate-finding, and escaping from predators. In a food-limited subterranean environment a strong selection for an energetically optimal strategy of locomotion is expected and should lead to different strategies among closely related species adapted to different microhabitats. Due to its taxonomic and ecological diversity, the amphipod genus Niphargus is an ideal model system for studying locomotion strategies of species affiliated with different subterranean aquatic microhabitats. Such species differ from each other morphologically, and we predicted that they also evolved alternative strategies of locomotion. In this study, we examined three species from cave lakes and five species from cave streams or springs. After collection all species were first acclimated in a cave laboratory. Then, we video-recorded behaviour in a rectangular open-field arena of approximately 10 individuals per species. A single individual at a time was recorded under red light for 20 minutes. Videos were used to construct ethograms of distinct locomotor behaviours such as swimming, crawling, and walking. A video-tracking analysis was performed to extract variables like total path covered, time spent moving, average and maximal speed. Individuals were euthanized and measured for several morphological traits likely related to locomotion. Additionally, we measured activities of enzymes acetylcholinesterase and glutathione S-transferase, which are likely related to animals’ locomotor and metabolic activity, respectively. Preliminary analyses suggest that species from lakes and streams differ in locomotor behaviour. Interestingly, variation in locomotor behaviour was larger among lake species, possibly implying that selection for the optimal locomotion strategy is stronger and more uniform in streams than in lakes.
Après la séparation, avec qui les enfants devraient-ils vivre ? Une analyse de l’opinion québécoise
Authors: Godbout Élisabeth , Saint-Jacques Marie-Christine , Ivers Hans
Published: October 2018

La garde partagée – ou alternée – représente un idéal de coparentalité égalitaire sans toutefois être adoptée par la majorité de parents séparés. Face à ce paradoxe apparent, cet article a pour objectif de mieux comprendre l’opinion de la population à propos de la garde des enfants. Pour ce faire, un sondage a été réalisé auprès d’un échantillon composé de 1 202 Québécois et Québécoises âgés de 18 ans et plus. Les données recueillies révèlent que la garde partagée représente, globalement, le mode de garde jugé idéal. Cependant, une analyse de regroupement en classes latentes a permis d’effectuer des distinctions importantes en dégageant quatre profils d’opinion sur cette question. La comparaison de ces profils sur le plan sociodémographique et de certaines des croyances et valeurs liées au mode de garde fournit des pistes d’explication de la diversité des postures.
L’essor paradoxal des politiques familiales
Authors: Ferragina Emanuele
Published: October 2018

Durant les trois dernières décennies, les politiques familiales des pays riches ont connu un essor qui contraste avec le mouvement global d’austérité engagé par les États-providence. Les régimes de politiques familiales semblent converger progressivement vers le modèle Earning Carer et le schéma suédois – caractérisé par des dépenses élevées dans les services publics de garde d’enfants et un partage plus égalitaire des congés parentaux. Ce modèle semble aussi promouvoir la participation des femmes au marché du travail. Dans ce contexte, cet article vise principalement à discuter de ces évolutions selon les concepts que Polanyi emploie dans son ouvrage majeur, La Grande Transformation. Suivant son approche analytique, nous suggérons que l’essor des politiques familiales peut être compris en lien avec le désengagement de l’État-providence et le développement global de l’économie politique (political economy), et qu’il génère deux mouvements de sens opposés. D’un côté, l’accroissement des politiques familiales – parallèlement au désengagement de l’État-providence – semble inciter les mères à accepter plus facilement des salaires modestes dans une économie fondée sur les services. De l’autre, il contribue en partie à les libérer des activités de soins et d’accompagnement (care). Une première interprétation considère les politiques familiales comme un nouvel outil de promotion du capitalisme néolibéral, tandis qu’une seconde y voit une assistance essentielle aux parents de jeunes enfants pour surmonter la hausse des coûts de prise en charge. Ces deux phénomènes interagissent, mais sous l’impact croissant du désengagement de l’État-providence, le premier mouvement semble plus déterminant que le second.
Structure et historicité des goûts musicaux et cinématographiques. Analyse factorielle et interprétation sociologique
Authors: Glevarec Hervé , Cibois Philippe
Published: October 2018

La sociologie de la culture appliquée aux goûts et aux pratiques culturelles s’intéresse d’une part à montrer la structuration de ces goûts et pratiques et, d’autre part, à expliquer leurs déterminants. Elle recourt pour cela de façon privilégiée à une méthode statistique, l’analyse multivariée, notamment l’analyse factorielle des correspondances et sa représentation géométrique des données, afin de soutenir une théorie dite de « l’homologie » entre « position sociale » et préférences. Cet article discute un certain nombre d’analyses récentes qui s’appuient sur cette méthodologie et examine les choix a priori de variables sociodémographiques qu’elles effectuent, notamment en excluant l’âge. Cet article refait l’analyse multivariée sur les deux goûts musicaux et cinématographiques des Français en 2008. Il revient sur l’interprétation que fournit P. Bourdieu des deux espaces factoriels du goût « dominant » et « petit-bourgeois » dans La Distinction (1979) qui sert à fonder la lecture en termes de capitaux économique et culturel. Il montre que P. Bourdieu a mis au premier plan l’analyse structurale des goûts en effaçant leur dimension historique et générationnelle, pourtant première. L’article soutient une autre interprétation, historique et cognitive, des goûts.
Penser le fait islamique en France en périodes troublées
Authors: Seniguer Haouès
Published: October 2018

Cette contribution insiste sur la nécessité d’interroger et de préciser certains termes utilisés au sujet des mondes de l’islam, en repérant et en déconstruisant les usages fautifs. Elle souligne aussi l’importance de repenser notre rapport au fait islamique et aux musulmans de France, en particulier à l’heure d’un terrorisme internationalisé particulièrement meurtrier, qui s’appuie sur le vocabulaire et la grammaire de la religion musulmane, ce qui n’est pas sans ajouter de la confusion à une déjà omniprésente confusion. Loin de nier la réalité des violences au nom de l’islam et discours radicaux exprimés en son nom, il est question de la contextualiser et de l’identifier en toute rigueur.
La construction des prières de rue comme problème public
Authors: Khemilat Fatima
Published: October 2018

Les politiques publiques adoptées suite aux controverses autour de la visibilité du fait religieux musulman dans l’espace public font l’objet au préalable de tout un travail de formulation et de problématisation. Cette phase loin d’être anodine, conditionne la manière dont le « problème musulman » est mis en mots et en « maux », publicisé et potentiellement « solutionné » par des acteurs politiques soucieux de faire la démonstration de leur efficacité et fermeté. En l’occurrence, la formulation du problème « prière de rue » a découlé de la mobilisation d’une atypique « coalition de cause », réunissant des acteurs de gauche comme de droite, évoquant la « laïcité » et le champ lexical de l’Occupation et de la Résistance. Le « problème prières de rue » a ensuite fait l’objet d’une politisation par la droite (extrême) réinterrogeant entre autres, les grilles d’analyse d’action publique et le clivage gauche/droite.
Le drapeau ou le djihad ! Regard comparé sur les logiques d’engagement militaire et djihadiste
Authors: Settoul Elyamine
Published: October 2018

Cette contribution s’attache à dresser un parallèle entre les logiques d’engagement militaire et celle de nombreux djihadistes. Partant du constat que l’enrôlement djihadiste constitue une mosaïque agrégeant divers profils, elle émet l’hypothèse selon laquelle les trajectoires sociales de certains combattants de Dieu sont très comparables à celles de jeunes désireux d’intégrer des armées régulières. Cette approche contre-intuitive se vérifie tant du point de vue des profils sociologiques que des motivations profondes ou des modes de communication développés par Daesh ou par les institutions militaires classiques.
Un islam aux couleurs du drapeau ?
Authors: Geisser Vincent
Published: October 2018

Depuis les actions terroristes de janvier 2015 qui ont ensanglanté la société française (attaques contre la rédaction du journal Charlie Hebdo et l’Hyper Cacher de la Porte de Vincennes), la « question musulmane » tend à redevenir une thématique centrale du débat public. Mais contrairement aux prévisions pessimistes, loin de se traduire par une montée en flèche de l’islamophobie, les interrogations ont plutôt porté sur la capacité ou plutôt l’incapacité des organisations et des personnalités musulmanes de l’Hexagone à adopter une position cohérente face au terrorisme. D’où une injonction paradoxale qui consiste à exiger des musulmans à se faire discrets dans l’espace public, tout en les sommant d’adopter une position commune sur les questions du terrorisme et de l’islamisme radical. Si dans un premier temps, l’immense majorité des acteurs du champ musulman ont refusé ce régime d’injonction, parce qu’il les assignait à un statut particulariste, ils ont fini par le « retourner », afin d’en faire un levier d’actions et de mobilisations au sein de l’espace public. Loin de se cantonner au silence et à l’immobilisme, les acteurs institutionnels de l’islam de France mais aussi de nombreux musulmans anonymes ont exprimé leur solidarité avec les victimes du terrorisme et la communauté nationale, en conciliant rituels républicains et rituels musulmans, religion civile et religion civique, expérimentant une forme de symbiose islamo-patriotique inédite dans l’histoire de la France contemporaine.
Le moment Gaza 2018 et les armes de la non-violence
Authors: Ravenel Bernard
Published: October 2018

Tout au long du deuxième trimestre 2018 s’est déroulée dans la bande de Gaza une mobilisation massive et pacifique organisée par la société civile palestinienne. Celle-ci a voulu faire connaître au monde sa souffrance due principalement au blocus établi par Israël depuis plus d’une décennie. Refusant, sur la pression de la jeunesse, la voie armée pratiquée par le Hamas et le Djihad islamique, cette mobilisation populaire non-violente a été l’objet d’une répression immédiate et violente de la part de l’armée israélienne qui a fait au moins 118 morts et des milliers de blessés graves. Ce massacre commis délibérément par l’armée israélienne signe aux yeux du monde la défaite morale donc politique d’Israël dans sa confrontation centenaire avec le peuple palestinien ; il exprime l’impasse dans laquelle se trouve Israël, avec son immense potentiel de violence, obligé de s’interroger sur sa capacité politique d’apporter une solution au problème palestinien.
Réflexions à partir d’un processus de transformation identitaire en lien avec une rupture conjugale et familiale
Authors: Popper Haydée
Published: October 2018

À l’adolescence, le mouvement de désaffiliation peut constituer un élément structurant de l’évolution subjective et la transformation identitaire qui s’ensuit une maturation vers l’âge adulte. Toutefois, dans beaucoup de ces cas de bascule identitaire, la désaffiliation se fait de manière abrupte, secrète, dans un refus total des valeurs des parents et des parents eux-mêmes. Les facteurs qui aboutissent à la désaffiliation familiale sont multiples : fragilité de la construction du moi, défaillances des structures sociales et du fonctionnement familial, primauté de valeurs de performance et de rapidité au détriment des liens. À partir d’une situation clinique de couple recomposé, l’auteur essaye d’analyser les effets des facteurs familiaux, incluant les diverses alliances inconscientes, qui contribuent à une transformation identitaire marquée chez un des enfants. Celle-ci, tournée vers la religion et l’idéologie, s'assoit sur une base de revalorisation narcissique et un chaos de la transmission.
Groupe de parole sur les violences « Quand l’écho permet la passe »
Authors: Gratton Emmanuel , Chambert Christian , Vitet Claire
Published: October 2018

Aborder la violence telle qu’elle résonne en chacun dans son actualité singulière et proposer d’en faire « l’écho » collectivement, telle est l’invitation du dispositif en groupe de parole évoqué dans cet article. L’approche des auteurs définit la violence comme polysémique, polymorphe, continuelle, originaire, centrale et problématique . Chacun peut en faire l’expérience au cours de son existence dans divers champs, familial, professionnel, social, voire dans plusieurs, successivement ou simultanément, et selon des positions subjectives variables – auteurs, victimes ou témoins – ou selon encore des configurations complexes. Deux cas cliniques éclairent en quoi le dispositif « groupe de parole » favorise le passage, « la passe », d’une violence engrammée par un sujet vers une métabolisation de ses effets.
Violence en formation
Authors: Robert Philippe
Published: October 2018

La formation interroge de façon paradigmatique les croisements entre réalité interne/réalité externe et entre le sujet et le groupe. La formation convoque ainsi les processus de transmission censés permettre une véritable appropriation par le sujet. Il peut exister une forme de violence intrinsèque dans ce processus, éventuellement majorée par des fonctionnements institutionnels défavorables. Le socius pouvait partiellement les contenir en permettant leur inscription. Avec l’affaiblissement des métacadres, la violence se renforce plus qu’elle ne se lie. L’université, avec ses groupes d’appartenance, ses conflits de territoire, ses impasses administratives…, peut être, au moins partiellement, une illustration de cette perte de sens.
Les « prémas » ne seraient-ils pas des vrais bébés ?
Authors: Bréhat Cécile , Thévenot Anne
Published: October 2018

Cet article repose sur une recherche en psychopathologie clinique étudiant la construction du maternel dans les situations de grande prématurité. Les chercheurs, psychologues cliniciennes référées à la psychanalyse, ont effectué une analyse discursive et thématique d’entretiens de recherche réalisés auprès de cinq femmes vivant en couple ayant accouché de leur premier enfant entre 27 et 29 semaines d’aménorrhées. Les résultats indiquent que certaines mères ont un vécu traumatique de la naissance qui empêche la poursuite des rêveries maternelles et entrave l’investissement libidinal du bébé, fondateur dans le nouage des liens précoces. Malgré l’événement de corps et la vision de l’enfant prématuré, d’autres parviennent à maintenir un regard « auréolé ». La recherche montre aussi comment la création par le discours médical de la catégorie des « prémas » offrirait un cadre symbolique aux parents pour penser ces bébés nés trop tôt et relancerait leur capacité de rêverie.
Sur les rapports des classes populaires et moyennes à l’école (France, 1910-1950) : quelle « demande sociale » d’instruction prolongée ?
Authors: Chapoulie Jean-Michel
Published: October 2018

À partir de l’exploitation des réponses à une enquête par questionnaires réalisée vers 1980 sur l’entrée dans l’enseignement primaire supérieur entre 1910 et 1950, l’article offre une analyse du rapport des classes populaires et des fractions inférieures des classes moyennes à une scolarisation prolongée au-delà de l’enseignement primaire élémentaire. Il accorde ainsi une signification à la notion, sans contenu empirique précis, de « demande d’éducation » mobilisée pour expliquer la prolongation d’études des garçons issus de ces catégories sociales. Si une partie, vraisemblablement restreinte, des familles concernées a poursuivi un projet de mobilité sociale, comme cela était fréquemment affirmé à l’époque, une amélioration modérée de la condition économique, des emplois moins exigeants physiquement, une sécurité plus grande dans l’emploi, ou simplement un accès à celui-ci dans les administrations ou de grandes industries, quand l’entreprise familiale était réservée à un autre enfant, ou que son déclin était anticipé, semblent des objectifs plus caractéristiques de la prolongation des études, à côté d’une fréquente soumission aux conseils et aux pressions des personnels de l’école. L’obtention de bourses, ainsi que l’action sur le terrain des administrateurs et des enseignants, ont été ainsi souvent décisives pour assurer un accès aux études prolongées, comme lors des prolongations ultérieures d’études également favorisées par les « goûts » acquis au cours de celles-ci.
De la défiguration à l’embellissement urbain : la publicité et la naissance d’une conscience paysagère à Shanghai (1905-1949)
Authors: Armand Cécile
Published: October 2018

À rebours de l’historiographie dominante focalisée sur les représentations publicitaires, cet article propose d’explorer la publicité extérieure à Shanghai de 1905 à 1949 en accordant une attention particulière à la matérialité des publicités et aux acteurs impliqués dans leur fabrique. Il s’agit dès lors de retracer la genèse d’une conscience paysagère qui s’articule en trois temps : jusqu’au milieu des années 1920, celle-ci émerge d’abord sur un mode flou et négatif ; l’administration et l’opinion publique s’inquiètent de la défiguration paysagère. Dès les années 1920, les professionnels en quête de légitimité font cependant de la publicité un outil de valorisation urbaine. Les pressions de l’opinion publique et de la profession publicitaire poussent l’administration à préciser les contours de l’esthétique urbaine et des paysages à préserver. Poursuivant le même objectif (protéger les quartiers résidentiels), les administrations étrangères adoptent des stratégies différentes (taxer pour dissuader dans la Concession internationale, zoner pour interdire dans la Concession française). À la fin de la période, la conscience paysagère glisse de l’esthétique à l’hygiène puis à l’ordre public en temps de guerre (1937-1943). À travers l’étude des paysages publicitaires à Shanghai, cette étude montre que la publicité urbaine offre un laboratoire où s’inventent de nouvelles manières de voir et vivre la ville au début du XX e  siècle.
« Citizen Nader », ou l’action citoyenne comme mode de réforme du gouvernement dans les années 1970
Authors: Peretz Pauline
Published: October 2018

Aux États-Unis, les années 1970 sont généralement associées à des manifestations de défiance conservatrice à l’égard d’un État dont la légitimité est mise en doute. Pourtant, elles ont également vu apparaître des mobilisations citoyennes d’inspiration progressiste, visant la réforme du gouvernement. L’activiste et lanceur d’alerte Ralph Nader en a été une des figures de proue. À la tête de son groupe d’intérêt Public Citizen, il a défendu une conception active de la citoyenneté qui devait conduire à l’ouverture et la démocratisation de l’État, dans ses dimensions à la fois administrative et représentative. Cet article montre comment Nader a voulu faire du citoyen un agent de changement, pouvant exercer son influence politique grâce à des instruments de contrôle fournis par des professionnels.
Capacity Utilization in Small-Scale Fisheries: A Case of the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Siyabi Mohammed Al , Bose Shekar
Published: October 2018

The interrelated issues of capacity utilization (CU) and technical efficiency (TE) have received global importance as they relate to the problem of overcapitalization and overfishing. Given the limited research on these issues in the context of small-scale fisheries, this paper attempts to provide empirical estimates of TE and CU with particular focus on small-scale fisheries in Oman using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The output variables included aggregated catch of three fish categories namely large pelagic, demersal, and other, while the boat length, engine power and number of crews were used as input variables in the empirical analysis. The data for the year 2010 were used and 97 active fishing boats were selected for the analysis. The TE and CU estimates were generated under the assumption of constant returns to scale (CRS) and variable returns to scale (VRS). The TE estimates under both CRS and VRS assumptions indicate that about 84.5% and 79.4% of the representative boats are operating in a technically inefficient manner. In addition, the unbiased CU estimates under the same assumptions show that about 77.3 % and 82.5% of the boats are not operating at full capacity. Furthermore, the average score of unbiased CU measure suggests that the representative boats may not be using variable inputs efficiently. To gain a better understanding of harvesting operations in small-scale fisheries sector in the country, it is prescribed that the management authority should extend this study for other coastal governorates and investigate the potential causes of inefficiency to design effective management strategies.
Empirical yield predictive models for the fisheries of irrigation reservoirs in Sri Lanka
Authors: Nadarajah Sareeha , Wijenayake W.M.H. Kelum , Amarasinghe Upali S.
Published: October 2018

As fisheries production in reservoirs of most countries is a secondary use, challenges for improved management of fisheries should be addressed by building partnership between fisheries and other interested groups such as agriculture concerned with water management. Attempts were therefore made to develop empirical fish yield predictive models in ten irrigation reservoirs of Sri Lanka incorporating morphological, edaphic and hydrological parameters together with fishing intensity, with a view to investigating their influence on fish yields.Reservoir fish yield was found to be significantly correlated with two formulations of morpho-edaphic index (i.e., conductivity in μS cm-1/mean depth in m [MEIc] and alkalinity in m. equiv. l-1)/mean depth in m [MEIa]), and a relative reservoir level fluctuation index (RRLF), defined as the mean amplitude of the annual reservoir level fluctuations divided by the mean depth of the reservoir. Both MEIc and MEIa also had significant positive ln-ln relationships with RRWL, indicating that RRWL can be used as an independent variable in reservoir fish yield prediction. Reservoir fish yield was also related to fishing intensity (FI in boat-days ha-1, yr-1) conforming to a ln-linear regression model (p<0.05). When MEIa, MEIc and RRWL were used as predctor variables together with FI, reservoir fish yield (FY) was multiply correlated as follows:Ln FY = 3.245 + 0.327 Ln MEIa + 0.023 FI (R2 = 0.355; p< 0.01)Ln FY = 3.403 + 0.249 Ln MEIc + 0.019 FI (R2 = 0.369; p< 0.01)Ln FY = 1.330 + 0.650 Ln RRWL + 0.016 FI (R2 = 0.593; p< 0.001)The empirical yield predictive model based on RRWL and FI as independent variables was more robust than those based on MEIa and MEIc, and the former has significant management implications because RRWL can be manipulated by irrigation authorities whereas control of FI is under the jurisdiction of fisheries authorities. Hence, through an effective dialogue between irrigation and fisheries authorities, there is a considerable potential to optimize fish yields in irrigation reservoirs of Sri Lanka.
Essential thrombocythemia, hemolytic anemia and hepatic cirrhosis: Could there be an association?
Authors: Hardjo Lugito Nata Pratama , Kurniawan Andree , Kurniawan Yohanes Chandra , Yacobus Enny , Halim Edwin
Published: October 2018

Vascular events are the most common clinical complication of essential thrombocythemia, leading to sign and symptoms of this disease. There are various sign and symptoms of essential thrombocythemia, such as thrombosis in artery or vein, and enlarged spleen. Portal hypertension and hepatic cirrhosis could be caused by essential thrombocythemia via intrahepatic thrombus. Anemia in essential thrombocythemia patient treated with hydroxyurea could be the side effect of bone marrow supression and also hydroxyurea induced hemolytic anemia. Association betweeen autoimmune hemolytic anemia and primary biliary cirrhosis or hepatic cirrhosis has been discussed. This case report presented an patient diagnosed with essential thrombocythemia. He later developed hepatic cirrhosis possibly caused by intra hepatic thrombus in the setting of hypercoagulabuility in myeloproliverative disorders. He also sufferred from anemia due to hydroxyurea induced hemolytic anemia. Association between autoimmune hepatic cirrhosis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia should also be considered in this patient.
THE IMPACT OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES ON RADIOTHERAPHY
Authors: Orecchia Roberto
Published: October 2018

Radiation therapy has been officially recognised as an efficient cancer treatment at the International Oncology Congress in Paris on 1922, 25 years after the discovery of X-rays by W. Roentgen and since then tremendous progresses have been made on the basic knowledge on the biological effects of radiations on tumours and healthy tissues, on the modalities and times for dose delivery, planning and irradiation techniques. It may be used as the primary therapy or combined with surgical or medical therapies or to prevent serious symptoms related to the progression of the disease. In recent years the availability of new technologies and results coming from interdisciplinary research where medical and biological competences are working in strict collaboration with physicists and engineers have contributed to a substantial improvement of this treatment by introducing new concepts and procedures which are presented in this paper. The planning treatment has been revolutionised by the possibility to identify in quantitative way tumours and adjacent normal structures in 3D by image processing of CT and/or MRI and/or PET and using virtual simulation for more accurate placement of radiation beams. An enhancement of this technique is £-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy (3DCRT) in which the profile of radiation beam is shaped to fit the profile of the target using a multileaf collimator. In radiosurgery and stereotactic radiotherapy the needed accuracy requires special new techniques to better control the uncertainty related to internal organ motion (for example due to respiration) with real-time adjustment of the radiation beam. The latest developments of Radioisotope Therapy Intra Operative Radiation Therapy and Hadrontherapy are also illustrated.
CARDIAC DISEASES AND SUBSTITUTIVE/REPARATIVE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Rosa Umberto
Published: October 2018

Several examples of implantable devices are here considered able to substitute or sustain important physiological functions which have been deteriorated or completely lost. To properly design and implement such devices very complex technological problems must be overcome. They concern the behaviour and the biocompatibility of the materials, the functioning in an hostile environment without possibility of maintenance and finally the need of “mimicking” closely the physiological functions which are not always perfectly known in all circumstances and conditions. The specific needs arising from medicine towards technology are therefore very demanding so that they are stimulating advanced new solutions which in turn are determining significant advancements in various sectors with a strong crossdissemination effects. Three outstanding examples are here considered: the mechanical cardiac valve, the artificial reinforcement of coronaries (stent) and the cardiac defibrillator. For all these cases, the specific problems involved are analysed and the degree of success with which the technology has satisfied the medical requirements are discussed.
INTRODUZIONE
Authors: Vitale Maurizio
Published: October 2018

Ai Colleghi, alle Signore e ai Signori presenti, il più caldo benvenuto e il più cordiale vivo saluto mio personale e del Presidente dell’Istituto, prof. Alberto Quadrio Curzio, che non è potuto essere presente come avrebbe desiderato.
I BASSIFONDI DELL’ANIMA RUSSA: GOR’KIJ E DOSTOEVSKIJ
Authors: Pakravan Mariam N.
Published: October 2018

Apparentemente tutto sembra separare questi due autori. L’uno, Dostoevskij, ha biasimato aspramente la rivoluzione, rappresentato i rivoluzionari come dei demoni e il palazzo di cristallo come l’assurda utopia da combattere e l’altro, Gorkij , l’annunciatore della tempesta, il portavoce della rivoluzione, nonostante le sue violente proteste contro la repressione cieca nei primi anni del regime comunista, ha voluto credere nel felice avvenire dell’umanità e combattere per realizzarlo. Gorkij non ama Dostoevskij. Parlando di se stesso si definisce più come un narratore, affascinato dalle particolarità esterne delle cose piuttosto che un investigatore del mistero dell’anima umana, degli enigmi della vita. Al di là di queste divergenze evidenti, desideriamo mostrare le radici comuni di questi due tronchi della letteratura russa, collo scopo di sottrarre Gorkij all’influenza unilaterale del realismo socialista e ricollegarlo alla comune matrice russa alla quale appartiene. I paralleli si limiteranno nell’ambito di questa relazione a due opere: i “Bassifondi” di Gorkij e “l’Idiota” di Dostoevskij.
INTRODUZIONE
Authors: Sacchi Landriani Giannantonio
Published: October 2018

Non disponibile.
INTRODUZIONE GENERALE
Authors: Nicola PierCarlo , Zanella Angelo
Published: October 2018

Non disponibile.
IL PENSIERO ECONOMICO DELL’ILLUMINISMO CIVILE: UN PROGRAMMA DI RICERCA
Authors: Porta Pier Luigi , Scazzieri Roberto
Published: October 2018

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SAPERE ECONOMICO E METODO SCIENTIFICO NELL’ILLUMINISMO LOMBARDO: NOTE DA “IL CAFFÈ”
Authors: Maifreda Germano
Published: October 2018

Economic knowledge and scientific method in the lombard enlightenment. Notes from «Il caffè». The connections, emerging between the 16th and the 18th century, between the evolution of economic knowledge and the rise of the scientific method, are important research topics for historians of economic ideas. However, further research on the application of the scientific method is still needed, especially when we come to the analysis of how economic principles took shape in Lombardy during the Enlightenment. The same need for further research concerns the debates on economic policy during the Age of Reforms in the latter half of the eighteenth century. This is even more necessary for Milanese Enlightenment scholars, who have been relatively neglected in comparison to the contemporary Neapolitan writers. A first aspect, enphasized in this paper, is the admiration expressed by the Lombard authors toward achievements coming from elsewhere, and particularly from outside Italy. Reading “Il Caffè”, together with the works and correspondence of Pietro and Alessandro Verri, Cesare Beccaria, Paolo Frisi and many other scholars, gives immediate and clear evidence of the Lombard attraction for the scientific tradition in mathematics, physics, astronomy, and, more generally, for the western tradition of epistemology and philosophy of science rooted in the works of Galileo, Bacon, Newton, Petty, Harvey and others. However, admiration and attraction never boil down to a passive acceptance of ready-made recipes, nor do they lead to mechanistic interpretations of the working of social and economic systems. It must be said that one of the original traits of the Lombard contribution during the enlightenment is the inclination to draw the appropriate epistemic distinction between the natural sciences on one side and the social and political sciences on the other side. The Lombard writers were precocious in keeping aloof from any acritical scientistic drift.
FARE MUSICA TRA I GIGANTI: PERCORSI NELL’OPERA ITALIANA DELL’OTTOCENTO
Authors: Baia Curioni Stefano , Forti Laura
Published: October 2018

From the 1830s, the Italian music and operatic system is moved by the pressure to artistically respond to the critical, stylistic and philosophical renewal of music in Europe. A small unit of artists and gatekeepers gathers around this impulse, with a strong ideological, intellectual, artistic and economic cohesion; they are able to impose themselves on the national scene and to face the challenge of a new centrality of the Italian opera at a world level. Giuseppe Verdi and his publisher Giulio Ricordi are the leaders of this group, followed by few others. But what does it mean for a musician to try the artistic career in a system that is progressively and steadily dominated by few players? Our hypothesis is that the annoyance and susceptibility of the “minor” composers are not simple signals of an uncontrolled subjectivity, but the result of a change in the condition of the art and the artists that marks the modernization of the Italian operatic system. The reconstruction we propose is based on two complementary sources: the book registering the agreements for the theatrical operas bought by the publisher Ricordi from 1838 to 1892 and around 1,000 letters written to the publishing house in the same years.
IL CIBO DEGLI ALTRI. VIAGGIATORI MEDIEVALI ALLA TAVOLA DEGLI STRANIERI
Authors: Chiesa Paolo
Published: October 2018

Food can be a means of comparison between peoples and cultures. Everyone needs to eat, but every people has its own foods and alimentary customs, different from others; realizing these differences is a way for recognizing or highlighting affinities or distances. This paper exemplifies the assumption, reporting some experiences of medieval travellers, who came into contact with exotic food habits, very far from European customs. William of Rubruk, traveller in Mongolia in the thirteenth century, describes the food of the peoples he meets without disdaining its quality; on the contrary, for Liutprand of Cremona, ambassador to Constantinople in the tenth century, Byzantine food customs are evidence of the cultural and moral degradation of that society; Marco Polo and John of Marignolli, travellers to China in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, evaluated exotic food which merchantâ€™s eyes, but also with the aim to impress the reader on their extraordinary journeys.
REGOLAMENTAZIONE, REDDITIVITÃ€ E FUTURO DELLE BANCHE
Authors: Ruozi Roberto
Published: October 2018

The excess of regulation that bank activities are increasingly subject to, the risk aversion that is also conditioned by the fear of repeating the mistakes that have heavily plagued the economic and stock market performances, and the crucial role of bank capital are the main factors that maintain the profitability of the banks at very low levels. This is a considerable problem for the future of banks. First, if profitability does not improve, the possibility of increasing capital to pursue growth and development are zero. There will be no self-financing and it will not be possible to raise new capital in the market in which investors will find better opportunities. To the extent that capital will continue to be the focus of regulatory and supervisory controls, this will imply the blockage of the banks and the reduction of their propensity to give credit to the economy.
IL PENSIERO DEI REGOLATORI
Authors: Sopranzetti Giuseppe
Published: October 2018

During the recent, long crisis, banks have been at the center of growing attacks. The crisis has been of such a magnitude, though, that it is reasonable to think that no “economic entity” may be exempt from liability. Today, nevertheless, banks are required a radical revision of strategies, in order to respond to the extraordinary changes that, since more than twenty years, are radically modifying the frame of reference. In Italy, the crisis and the profound changes in the banking laws have blasted the balance characterizing the relationship between banks and enterprises; a balance probably immature, that has generated a system predominantly “centered on the banks”. Now it is necessary to find a new equilibrium, based on more mature and transparent relations. Moreover, it is increasingly necessary to foster a holistic perspective aimed at supporting growth; banks and enterprises should join forces, taking on the role of two rowers in the same boat, and the “market” (stocks, bonds) should get on board too, as third member of the crew. In this context the Banking Union, though representing an important further step towards a federal Europe, could even pose a risk, if prejudices prevail and a complete “level playing field” (tax, accounting, etc.) is not realized. Therefore, we need a mature and supportive Europe, devoid of preconceptions and able to rediscover the spirit of the founding fathers.
SALUTO DEL PRESIDENTE DELLâ€™ISTITUTO LOMBARDO
Authors: Sironi Gianpiero
Published: October 2018

Non disponibile
IL CONSOLIDAMENTO DEL TIBURIO DEL DUOMO NEGLI ANNI SETTANTA DEL XX SECOLO
Authors: Corradi Dell'Acqua Leone
Published: October 2018

At about 1960, some signs of damage became evident in Milanâ€™s cathedral, which rapidly increased to reach a very serious situation. Restoring the safety and the functionality of the monument required a rather difficult operation, which was designed and carried out with the essential contribution of a number of experts from the Politecnico di Milano. In this paper the main aspects of this sequence of events are summarized.
MILANO CITTÃ€ DI ESPOSIZIONI
Authors: Decleva Enrico
Published: October 2018

Milan is the Italian city that, from the years following Italian unification onwards, has continually organized the highest number of expositions, exhibitions, trade fairs and reviews of productive sectors, in addition to the most varied kinds of activities. Such indefatigability, even in the most diverse of situations, is indicative of how well its formula has functioned. This paper is mainly about the Universal Exposition of 1881, the cityâ€™s first opportunity to present its achievements and to project a self-image as a productive, well-administered city that was proud of its ability to get things done, and capable of keeping pace with the rhythms of development and transformation that went along with modernity. Yet Milan could also be a modern city without destroying its ties with tradition and without forgetting â€“ in terms of social welfare and humanitarianism â€“ the weakest and least fortunate. Before the War in Europe irreparably changed its frame of reference, the International Exposition of 1906 was the second central event through which the city could look back with satisfaction on the route it had taken and the results it had achieved.
Missed diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in a patient with cervical myelopathy due to ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament
Authors: Chang Min Cheol
Published: October 2018

In the current study, we report a missed diagnosis of combined chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) in a patient with a cervical spinal cord lesion. At 3.5 months after the onset of symptoms, a 60-year-old female with mild motor weakness and significant weight loss underwent a surgical operation for decompression of the cervical spinal cord. However, her motor weakness was severely aggravated despite the surgical treatment, and she could not walk independently at 10 months after symptom onset. Based on the results of electrophysiological and cerebrospinal fluid tests, we diagnosed her with CIDP. Considering her medical history and the results of our evaluations, we think our patient’s neurological symptoms before the surgical operation were attributed, at least in part, to CIDP. Our study shows that clinicians should consider the possibilities of other lesions in different areas even when patients have a definite lesion in the cervical spinal cord or cervical spine.
Chinese Idioms and Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Zheng Anwen
Published: October 2018

Like traditional Chinese medicine, Cheng Yu can also be viewed as a brilliant facet of traditional Chinese culture. In the essay, the author attempts to illustrate the close link between the two through some examples.
Structure and Distribution of the San Jiao and Cou Li – Recognized Interstitium in Human Tissues
Authors: Qu Lifang
Published: October 2018

Since the Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon (c. 200 bce), Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has held that the san jiao system is the largest anatomical structure in the human body, and that it consists of a network comprising the large cavities in the body trunk and the small interstitial spaces between the tissues and cells throughout the body. More than 2000 years later, and according to recent scientific reports in America, this network of structures has been recognized by modern medicine. The two theories, TCM's san jiao and its system of spaces(腠còu), and the recent scientific discovery of an interstitial network in the human body, are quite similar in structure, distribution and function.
A Glimpse into Lu Xun and Chinese Medicine
Authors: Ye Jin
Published: October 2018

The criticism against Chinese medicine by Lu Xun at the early stage is often taken as a sharp weapon to attack Chinese medicine. However, through a horizontal and sequential analysis of the relevant material, it can be seen that Lu has experienced a process of learning, practicing, and objectively assessing Chinese medicine, which is closely related to the social background of the period, personal experience, and changes of thoughts.
A Low-Cost, Community Knowledge Approach to Estimate Maternal and Jaundice-Associated Mortality in Rural Bangladesh
Authors: Paul Repon C. , Gidding Heather F. , Nazneen Arifa , Banik Kajal C. , Sumon Shariful A. , Paul Kishor K. , Luby Stephen P. , Gurley Emily S. , Hayen Andrew
Published: October 2018

In the absence of a civil registration system, a house-to-house survey is often used to estimate cause-specific mortality in low- and middle-income countries. However, house-to-house surveys are resource and time intensive. We applied a low-cost community knowledge approach to identify maternal deaths from any cause and jaundice-associated deaths among persons aged ≥ 14 years, and stillbirths and neonatal deaths in mothers with jaundice during pregnancy in five rural communities in Bangladesh. We estimated the method’s sensitivity and cost savings compared with a house-to-house survey. In the five communities with a total of 125,570 population, we identified 13 maternal deaths, 60 deaths among persons aged ≥ 14 years associated with jaundice, five neonatal deaths, and four stillbirths born to a mother with jaundice during pregnancy over the 3-year period before the survey using the community knowledge approach. The sensitivity of community knowledge method in identifying target deaths ranged from 80% for neonatal deaths to 100% for stillbirths and maternal deaths. The community knowledge approach required 36% of the staff time to undertake compared with the house-to-house survey. The community knowledge approach was less expensive but highly sensitive in identifying maternal and jaundice-associated mortality, as well as all-cause adult mortality in rural settings in Bangladesh. This method can be applied in rural settings of other low- and middle-income countries and, in conjunction with hospital-based hepatitis diagnoses, used to monitor the impact of programs to reduce the burden of cause-specific hepatitis mortality, a current World Health Organization priority.