bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of increased pulmonary wedge pressure by an algorithm based on noninvasively measured pulmonary diastolic pressure in cardiac patients independent of left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Barbier Paolo , Cucco Cuono , Guglielmo Marco , Simioniuc Anca , Fabiani Iacopo , Pugliese Nicola Riccardo , Savioli Gabriele , Dini Frank Lloyd
Published: February 2020

Aim

Pulmonary artery diastolic pressure (PADP) correlates closely with pulmonary wedge pressure (PAWP); therefore, we sought to evaluate whether an algorithm based on PADP assessment by the Doppler pulmonary regurgitation (PR) end‐diastolic gradient (PRG) may aid in estimating increased PAWP in cardiac patients with reduced or preserved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF).

Methods and Results

Right heart catheterization, with estimation of PAWP, right atrial pressure (RAP), PADP, and Doppler echocardiography, was carried out in 183 patients with coronary artery disease (n = 63), dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 52), or aortic stenosis (n = 68). One‐hundred and seventeen patients had LV EF <50%. We measured the pressure gradients across the tricuspid and pulmonary valves from tricuspid regurgitation (TRV) and PR velocities. Doppler‐estimated PADP (e‐PADP) was obtained by adding the estimated RAP to PRG. An algorithm based on e‐PADP to predict PAWP, that included TRV, left atrial volume index, and mitral E/A, was developed and validated in derivation (n = 90) and validation (n = 93) subgroups. Both invasive PADP (r = .92, P < .001) and e‐PADP (r = .72, P < .001) correlated closely with PAWP, and e‐PADP predicted PAWP (AUC: 0.85, CI: 0.79‐0.91) with a 94% positive predictive value (PPV) and a 55% negative predictive value (NPV), after exclusion of five patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension. The e‐PADP‐based algorithm predicted PAWP with higher accuracy (PPV = 94%; NPV = 67%; accuracy = 85%; kappa: 0.65, P < .001) than the ASE‐EACVI 2016 recommendations (PPV = 97%; NPV = 47%; accuracy = 68% undetermined = 18.9%; kappa: 0.15, P < .001).

Conclusions

An algorithm based on noninvasively e‐PADP can accurately predict increased PAWP in patients with cardiac disease and reduced or preserved LV EF.
Epitope mapping of anti‐amelogenin IgA in coeliac disease
Authors: Petronijevic Sanja , Stig Solveig , Halstensen Trond S.
Published: February 2020

Previously we detected increased levels of IgA to the enamel matrix protein amelogenin in children with untreated coeliac disease (CeD). The biological impact of autoantibodies to amelogenin may depend on which part of the amelogenin (epitopes) they bind. Sera or blood samples from 146 untreated children with CeD from two different cohorts and 25 non‐CeD control children were tested for IgA anti‐amelogenin (Emdogain) reactivity. The 32 CeD children and six controls with the highest reactivity were selected for detailed IgA anti‐amelogenin (AMELX) epitope mapping using 31 overlapping, 10–22mer peptides in ELISA. The dominating reactivity were to six peptides in a 75‐amino‐acid (aa)‐long central segment (aa 75–150) containing enzymatic cleavage sites for matrix metalloproteinase 20 (MMP‐20) and kallikrein‐related peptidase 4 (KLK‐4) and to two N‐terminal peptides (aa 13–41) included in the tyrosine‐rich amelogenin peptide fragment, which is important for self‐assembly. Only two of the six control children reacted to single, but different peptides. Solid‐phase extraction with gliadin‐ and Emdogain‐coated Sepharose revealed a gliadin cross‐reactive central region and a putative conformation‐dependent, apparently non‐cross‐reactive N‐terminal region. High IgA anti‐amelogenin reactivity may interfere with normal amelogenesis by inhibiting amelogenin self‐assembly, amelogenin‐hydroxyapatite interaction, and/or enzymatic degradation.
Correction of hyponatremia by infusing D5W (5% dextrose in water solution) prefilter in patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy: A case series
Authors: Lippold Cassiopia , Patel Ami
Published: February 2020

Patients with severe hyponatremia and renal failure who require continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) are at risk for overcorrection of their sodium level due to preformulated isotonic replacement or dialysate fluids. Rapid correction of hyponatremia can lead to serious neurologic complications including osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS). There is limited data available in preventing overcorrection of severe hyponatremia with CRRT. It has been proposed to use reduced effluent volume to avoid overcorrection. However, there are instances where the CRRT prescription cannot be reduced due to other metabolic derangements. Herein, we present four cases using a calculated amount of dextrose 5% solution (D5W) prefilter as preblood pump to prevent overcorrection of hyponatremia while delivering recommended effluent volume of at least 20–25 mL/kg/hr in majority of cases. In each case, the rate of sodium correction did not exceed 8 mEq/day using D5W prefilter. Even in patients whose hyponatremia was initially overcorrected, adding calculated amount of amounts of D5W prefilter decreased the sodium level back down to prevent the risk of ODS. We also review a simplified equation to determine the D5W rate depending on the prescribed effluent volume.
Building a national case in interwar Egypt: Raya and Sakina's crimes through the pages of al‐Ahrām (Fall 1920)
Authors: Chiti Elena
Published: February 2020

In November 1920, the Alexandria police arrested two sisters, Raya and Sakina, along with their husbands and others, and charged them with the murder of seventeen women. At the end of a trial held in May 1921, the judges sentenced to death six members of the gang, yet it was Raya and Sakina who monopolized public attention as the first women sentenced to death in the Egyptian secular justice system. A century later, they are still alive in the Egyptian collective memory, which has turned them into a long‐lasting criminal myth and remembers them as former prostitutes, madams, and female murderers. Previous studies seem to see the myth as resulting from the supposedly exceptional character of the case. This paper is a first step toward exploring how this exceptionality was constructed and how it took on a national dimension after the announcement of Raya and Sakina's arrest. The focus is on al‐Ahrām, the main national daily newspaper at the time, which covered the issue systematically, providing information on the investigation while building the case in national terms. A micro‐historic approach to al‐Ahrām will enable a deconstruction of exceptionality through comparison with a precedent. An analysis incorporating both the precedent and Raya and Sakina's case will lead to a first hypothesis about the longevity of Raya and Sakina's case and the disappearance of the precedent from the Egyptian collective memory. This perspective offers insight into the connection between the press, public morality, and nation‐building in interwar Egypt, linking textual and extra‐textual realities and shedding light on the local aspects that make the nation. Indeed, the organization of al‐Ahrām in the provinces may be seen as a key factor in revealing what attracts national attention and what remains confined to a local dimension.
Global challenges in health and health care for nurses and midwives everywhere
Authors: Catton H
Published: February 2020

The next decade is likely to produce any number of global challenges that will affect health and health care, including pan‐national infections such as the new coronavirus COVID‐19 and others that will be related to global warming. Nurses will be required to react to these events, even though they will also be affected as ordinary citizens. The future resilience of healthcare services will depend on having sufficient numbers of nurses who are adequately resourced to face the coming challenges.
After Three Decades of Study, Hospital‐Associated Disability Remains a Common Problem
Authors: Brown Cynthia J.
Published: February 2020

This editorial comments on the article by Dharmarajan et al. in this issue.
QTL pyramiding for producing nutritious and safe rice grains
Authors: Huang Xin‐Yuan , Zhao Fang‐Jie
Published: February 2020

Breeding of rice varieties that are enriched with essential micronutrients and simultaneously have reduced levels of toxic elements in grains is largely unexplored in rice breeding practice. In this issue of JIPB, Liu et al. (2020) developed two rice lines with a low level of cadmium and simultaneously high levels of zinc or selenium accumulation in the grains, thus providing elite genetic materials for breeding rice varieties that are important for addressing mineral malnutrition and ensuring food safety.
Dead or Alive: Racial Finance and the Corpse‐Value of the African American Slave Body
Authors: Bride Amy
Published: February 2020

Based on the work completed during a research placement at the Library of Congress studying manuscripts held within the Black History Collection, the paper explores how studying the financial mechanics of the slave trade – from insurance to speculation, asset stripping to securities – reveal a horrific turning point in the history of slavery in which the black body became more valuable dead than alive. Not only did this turning point work to ‘legitimize’ the murder of African Americans, it also demonstrates how both physical and financial racial violence during the domestic slave trade has a direct relationship to the deregulation of the slave market and the subsequent corpse‐valuation of the slave body.
Transactional Associations Between Couple Relationship Intimacy and Depressive Symptoms Across 10 Years
Authors: Yan Jia J. , Schoppe‐Sullivan Sarah J. , Feng Xin
Published: February 2020

Objective

This study tested a transactional model of associations between couple relationship intimacy and one's own and one's partner's depressive symptoms across 10 years.

Background

Depressive symptoms and couple relationship intimacy are important aspects of individual functioning and family well‐being. Partners' mental health and experiences in couple relationships may be interdependent.

Method

Six waves of data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development were used. At each wave, 654 couples (654 men and 654 women all married and/or living together) reported their relationship intimacy and depressive symptoms. An actor–partner interdependence random intercept cross‐lagged panel model was estimated to examine reciprocal relations between men's and women's depressive symptoms and couple relationship intimacy.

Results

The cross‐lagged paths showed that higher than personal average couple relationship intimacy perceived by men and women predicted intraindividual increases in their partner's perceptions of couple relationship intimacy at the next time point. Moreover, for women, higher than personal average relationship intimacy predicted subsequent intraindividual decreases in their depressive symptoms (while the reverse was not true), whereas for men, lower than average depressive symptoms predicted intraindividual increases in self‐perceived relationship intimacy (while the reverse was not significant).

Conclusion

We found reverse temporal precedence of depressive symptoms and couple relationship intimacy for men and women. Partners' relationship intimacy was interdependent.
Empathy as related to gender, age, race and ethnicity, academic background and career interest: A nationwide study of osteopathic medical students in the United States
Authors: Hojat Mohammadreza , DeSantis Jennifer , Shannon Stephen C. , Speicher Mark R. , Bragan Lynn , Calabrese Leonard H.
Published: February 2020

Context

Research on associations between medical student empathy and demographics, academic background and career interest is limited, lacks representative samples and suffers from single institutional features. This study was designed to fill the gap by examining associations between empathy in patient care, and gender, age, race and ethnicity, academic background and career interest in nationwide, multi‐institutional samples of medical students in the United States and to provide more definitive answers regarding the aforementioned associations, with more confidence in the internal and external validity of the findings.

Methods

Four nationwide samples participated in this study (n = 10 751). Samples 1, 2, 3 and 4 included 3616 first‐year, 2764 second‐year, 2413 third‐year and 1958 fourth‐year students who completed a web‐based survey at the end of the 2017‐2018 academic year. The survey included questions on demographics, academic background and career interest, the Jefferson Scale of Empathy, and the Infrequency Scale of the Zuckerman‐Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire to control for the effect of ‘good impression’ response bias.

Results

Statistically significant and practically important associations were found between empathy scores and gender (in favour of women), race and ethnicity (in favour of African‐American and Hispanic/Latino/Spanish), academic background (in favour of ‘Social and Behavioural Sciences’ and ‘Arts and Humanities’ in Samples 1 and 2) and career interest (in favour of ‘People‐Oriented’ and ‘Psychiatry’ specialties).

Conclusions

Special features of this study (eg, nationwide representative samples, use of a validated instrument for measuring empathy in patient care, statistical control for the effect of ‘good impression’ response bias, and consistency of findings in different samples from multiple institutions) provide more definitive answers to the issue of correlates of empathy in medical students and increase our confidence in the validity, reliability and generalisability of the results. Findings have implications for career counselling and targeting students who need more guidance to enhance their empathic orientation.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of invasive Lomentospora prolificans infections: Analysis of patients in the FungiScope® registry
Authors: Jenks Jeffrey D. , Seidel Danila , Cornely Oliver A. , Chen Sharon , van Hal Sebastiaan , Kauffman Carol , Miceli Marisa H. , Heinemann Melina , Christner Martin , Jover Sáenz Alfredo , Burchardt Alexander , Kemmerling Björn , Herbrecht Raoul , Steinmann Joerg , Shoham Shmuel , Gräber Sandra , Pagano Livio , Deeren Dries , Slavin Monica A. , Hoenigl Martin
Published: February 2020

Objectives

Invasive fungal infections caused by Lomentospora prolificans are associated with very high mortality rates and can be challenging to treat given pan‐drug resistance to available antifungal agents. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical presentation and outcomes in a cohort of patients with invasive L prolificans infections.

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of medical records of patients with invasive L prolificans infection in the FungiScope® registry of rare invasive fungal infections. Patients diagnosed between 01 January 2008 and 09 September 2019 were included in for analysis.

Results

The analysis included 41 patients with invasive L prolificans infection from eight different countries. Haematological/oncological malignancies were the most frequent underlying disease (66%), disseminated infection was frequent (61%), and the lung was the most commonly involved organ (44%). Most infections (59%) were breakthrough infections. Progression/deterioration/treatment failure was observed in 23/40 (58%) of patients receiving antifungal therapy. In total, 21/41 (51%) patients, and 77% of patients with underlying haematological/oncological malignancy, had a fatal outcome attributed to invasive fungal infection. Combination antifungal therapy was frequent (24/40) and associated with improved survival. In particular, treatment regimens including terbinafine were significantly associated with higher treatment success at final assessment (P = .012), with a positive trend observed for treatment regimens that included voriconazole (P = .054).

Conclusions

Lomentospora prolificans infections were associated with mortality rates of 77% and above in patients with underlying haematological/oncological malignancies and those with disseminated infections. While combination therapy is the preferred option for now, the hope lies with novel antifungals currently under development.
New insights into the pathomechanism of cyclic neutropenia
Authors: Mir Perihan , Klimiankou Maksim , Findik Betuel , Hähnel Karin , Mellor‐Heineke Sabine , Zeidler Cornelia , Skokowa Julia , Welte Karl
Published: February 2020

Cyclic neutropenia (CyN) is a hematologic disorder in which peripheral blood absolute neutrophil counts (ANCs) show cycles of approximately 21‐day intervals. The majority of CyN patients harbor ELANE mutations, but the mechanism of ANC cycling is unclear. We performed analysis of bone marrow (BM) subpopulations in CyN patients at the peak and the nadir of the ANC cycle and detected high proportions of BM hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) at the nadir of the ANC cycle, as compared with the peak. BM HSPCs produced fewer granulocyte colony‐forming unit colonies at the ANC peak. To investigate the mechanism of cycling, we found that mRNA expression levels of ELANE and unfolded protein response (UPR)–related genes (ATF6, BiP (HSPA5), CHOP (DDIT3), and PERK (EIF2AK3)) were elevated, but antiapoptotic genes (Bcl‐2 (BCL2) and bcl‐xL (BCL2L1)) were reduced in CD34+ cells tested at the ANC nadir. Moreover, HSPCs revealed increased levels of reactive oxygen species and gH2AX at the ANC nadir. We suggest that in CyN patients, some HSPCs escape the UPR‐induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and proliferate in response to granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) to a certain threshold at which UPR again affects the majority of HSPCs. There is a cyclic balance between ER stress–induced apoptosis of HSPCs and compensatory G‐CSF–stimulated HSPC proliferation followed by granulocytic differentiation.
In vivo Tissue Evaluation Reveals Improvements in Explicit PDT Dosimetry
Authors: Greer Alexander
Published: February 2020

Progress is needed before explicit photodynamic therapy (PDT) dosimetry can treat peritoneal carcinomatosis and yet spare all healthy tissue. A report by Cengel et al. in this issue of Photochemistry & Photobiology on tissue evaluation in a canine model may bring that goal a step closer and may even be dogma‐changing.
In vivo Spectroscopic Evaluation of the Intraperitoneal Cavity in Canines
Authors: Cramer Gwendolyn M. , Sandell Meo Julia , Finlay Jarod C. , Zhu Timothy C. , Busch Theresa M. , Cengel Keith A.
Published: February 2020

As part of a preclinical trial for the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) with photodynamic therapy (PDT), we have assessed changes in optical properties, tissue oxygenation and drug concentration as a result of benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD)‐mediated PDT using diffuse reflectance and fluorescence measurements. PDT can effectively treat superficial disease spread, but treatment efficacy is influenced by physical properties of the treated tissue which can change over the treatment time. In this study, healthy canines were given BPD and irradiated with 690 nm light during a partial bowel resection, and spectroscopic and fluorescence measurements were made using an in‐house built spectroscopic probe. Hemoglobin concentration, oxygenation and optical properties were determined to be highly heterogeneous between canines and at different anatomical locations within the same subject, so further development of PDT dosimetry systems will need to address this patient and location‐specific dose optimization. Compared to other photosensitizers, we found no apparent BPD photobleaching after PDT.
The historical legacy of waterscape changes in Can Tho, Vietnam and the social implications on water access today
Authors: Allen Sarah
Published: February 2020

This paper examines historical legacies left on the Mekong Delta's waterscape during French colonization in Vietnam and the implications this has had on the complex ways peri‐urban residents access water today for diverse purposes. French colonialism began constructing various transportation networks and extensive canal systems, all resulting in changes to farming village dynamics. Today, the Delta is home to active citizens who have the historical legacy of colonial infrastructure providing the means to combat the vulnerabilities that are often prevalent in periurban areas. Periurban landscapes are in a state of constant change where farming activities are juxtaposed with commercial and/or residential activities. This paper discusses the relationship between the changing waterscape and the social strategies that developed over time in response to the changing landscape. I explore some pertinent resiliency literature alongside extensive fieldwork to understand how the infrastructural interventions of the French relate to resilience today. This paper contributes to the wider literature about the importance of Delta systems in South and Southeast Asia, as all have experienced important transformations.
Experimental Study of the Effect of Water Spray in the Air on Thermal Transfers Along a Plate of an Exchanger
Authors: Grich Nihel , Foudhil Walid , Harmand Souad , Ben Jabrallah Sadok
Published: February 2020

This study is an experimental investigation of the oceanic environment effect on a plate heat exchanger performance. Indeed, an experiment was carried out on a single plate of the exchanger to generate a turbulent airflow in which fine water droplets were injected into a horizontal vein where a heated plate was placed. The experimental tests were conducted for different air velocities and various water concentrations of freshwater and saltwater. In fact, two plate forms were considered: The first one is flat while the second is corrugated. Three main facts were observed in this work: (i) the correlations linking the heat transfer rate to the operating conditions, (ii) the effect of fog addition and the plate form on convective heat transfers, and (iii) the impact of the formation of a salt layer on the surface of the plate in the case of salt water.
Fast Neutron Irradiation Optimization of Thorium-Fueled SCWR Reactor Pressure Vessel
Authors: Pónya Petra , Csom Gyula , Fehér Sándor
Published: February 2020

Fast neutron irradiation causes embrittlement of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) material; therefore, it may end operation life before design lifetime. Well-known method to recuperate crystal lattice dislocations is annealing. In the current version of thorium fueled supercritical water-cooled reactor (SCWR) design proposed by the Institute of Nuclear Technology at Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME NTI), the supercritical fluid flows upward between the core barrel and the inner surface of the RPV thereby, the coolant would keep the RPV's temperature at ∼500 °C. This reverse coolant flow direction would decrease the embrittlement of RPV by constant annealing. To minimize the fast neutron flux increase, a relatively thin shielding connected to the inner surface of the barrel could be used. This presents fast neutron irradiation analysis, performed for different settings of the shielding to reduce fast neutron flux reaching the inner surface of RPV.
Morphological ontogeny of Limnozetes solhoyorum sp. nov. (Acari: Oribatida: Limnozetidae) from Norway, with comments on Limnozetes Hull

Authors: Seniczak Anna , Seniczak Stanisław
Published: February 2020

The morphological ontogeny of Limnozetes solhoyorum sp. nov. from Norway is described and illustrated. This species is most similar to L. guyi Behan-Pelletier, 1989 as adult, but differs from it mainly by the sculpture of notogaster, shorter prodorsal seta in and notogastral setae, especially p1, and the distribution of posterior notogastral setae. The tritonymph of L. solhoyorum differs from that of L. guyi by shorter gastronotal setae c3, dm, dp, lm and lp. In the deutonymph, tritonymph and adult of both species, setae d and l' from genu IV are absent.
Torrenticolid water mites of India with description of three new species (Acari: Hydrachnidia, Torrenticolidae)

Authors: Pešić Vladimir , Smit Harry , Negi Shailza , Bahuguna Pankaj , Dobriyal Anoop K.
Published: February 2020

Three water mite species of the genera Torrenticola (T. kumari sp. nov. and T. muranyii sp. nov.) and Monatractides (M. kontschani sp. nov.) are described from the Uttarakhand State of India (Acari: Hydrachnidia, Torrenticoliade). The number of torrenticolid water mites known from India now tallies 33 species. A key for water mite species of the genera Torrenticola and Monatractides from the Indian Subcontinent is given.
Sensitivity and elasticity analysis of Tetranychus urticae Koch population parameters: Consequences for pest management

Authors: Nemati Alireza , Riahi Elham , Houshmand Saadollah
Published: February 2020

Sensitivity and elasticity analyses quantify the effect of an absolute and proportional change in demographic variables on population growth rate (λ), respectively. The methods are used to identify the variable(s) that have the largest influence on λ. Tetranychus urticae Koch is one of the most polyphagous tetranychid mites which has been collected from plenty plant species including agricultural and horticultural crops. In this study, sensitivity and elasticity analyses were used to investigate the effects of various demographic variables on λ at five different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C), using both age- and stage-structured matrix models. Considering the sensitivity of λ to age-dependent fecundity rates (fx), it was found that starting oviposition one day earlier was associated with the highest sensitivity compared to the other age classes, irrespective of temperature. Besides, results from both age- and stage-structured matrix models indicated that λ is more sensitive to changes in survival rates than in fecundity rates at all temperatures. Furthermore, female individuals at the ages of 46, 23, 14, 11 and 7 days had the highest contribution to population growth in comparison with other ages, when reared at the above-mentioned temperatures, respectively. Also, the sensitivity of λ to the changes in survival of adults was higher than in other stages. Besides, the elasticity to fecundity rate at the age of first reproduction was considerably higher than those associated with the age of last reproduction. The survival rates (si) generally exhibited a higher elasticity than the transition rates (gi). Overall, adult survival had the highest influence on λ followed by immature survival, egg survival, and female fecundity. Consequently, management efforts that aim at decreasing adult survival are likely to yield the best results with regard to reducing the growth rate of T. urticae.
A Grounded-Theory Study of Meta-Attention in Golfers
Authors: Oliver Alex , McCarthy Paul J. , Burns Lindsey
Published: February 2020

This study sought to construct a theoretical understanding of meta-attention in golfers. Eight male golfers (7 competitive-elite and 1 successful-elite) were interviewed about their experiences of attentional processes in competitive golf. A Straussian grounded-theory approach was used throughout the research process, and interview transcripts were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding. Results indicated that meta-attention is resource based, with metacognitive reflections of logistic and shot resources that facilitate attentional control. Attentional control required successful target selection, consistent preshot routines, and consistent postshot routines. Failures in wider or immediate resources or failure to initiate control routines can lead to internal distraction. The emergent theory provides an understanding of the function of meta-attention in golf performance that can be used by golfers, coaches, or psychologists to improve attentional strategies.
Two paths to intrinsic quantization
Authors: Wakefield Joshua P. , Checkelsky Joseph G.
Published: February 2020

A pair of materials demonstrate new and different routes to an exotic quantum behavior
Computational studies of Ni(II) photosensitizers complexes containing 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene and dithio ligands
Authors: Brahim Sefia , Brahim Houari , Humbel Stéphane , Rahmouni Ali
Published: February 2020

Detailed theoretical studies of Ni(II) complexes in a distorted square planar form and containing dithio and (P, P) chelating ligands were performed. These Ni(II) complexes are investigated for their use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Structures and UV–vis spectra are calculated at density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) theories using B3LYP and CAM-B3LYP functionals and 6-31G(d,p) and 6-31G+(d) basis sets. Geometry optimizations result in excellent agreement with the experimental results. Moreover, the analysis of the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) allowed a detailed assignment and a clear analysis of the electronic transitions. The TD-DFT calculations reproduce the main spectroscopic properties observed and substituent effects. The results reveal that all absorption spectra are characterized by mixed character mainly dominated by metal to ligand and ligand to ligand charge transfers (MLCT and LLCT). We unveil how the substituent variations affect the DSSCs features of the complexes.
Asymptotic limit of a spatially-extended mean-field FitzHugh–Nagumo model
Authors: Crevat Joachim
Published: February 2020

We consider a spatially extended mean-field model of a FitzHugh–Nagumo neural network, with a rescaled interaction kernel. Our main purpose is to prove that its asymptotic limit in the regime of strong local interactions converges toward a system of reaction–diffusion equations taking account for the average quantities of the network. Our approach is based on a modulated energy argument, to compare the macroscopic quantities computed from the solution of the transport equation, and the solution of the limit system. The main difficulty, compared to the literature, lies in the need of regularity in space of the solutions of the limit system and a careful control of an internal nonlocal dissipation.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Performance of Iron Oxide-Pillared Layered Tantalum–Tungsten Acid
Authors: Yu Tao , Guo Hang , Wang Xiangyu , Li Baojun , Guo Xianji
Published: February 2020

Using trirutile-structure layered tantalum–tungsten acid as the layered host, [Formula: see text]-propylamin as the pre-swelling agent and aqueous solution of [Fe3(CH3COO)7(OH)(H2O)]NO3 as the pillaring solution, oligomeric polyhydroxyacetato-Fe(III) species-intercalated layered HTaWO6 was synthesized by a stepwise ion-exchange way at room temperature. Upon calcining at 673[Formula: see text]K in air atmosphere, iron oxide-pillared layered HTaWO6with nanoscale interlayer distance (denoted as Fe2O3-HTaWO[Formula: see text] was obtained. A series of Fe2O3-HTaWO6 samples with various Fe contents were prepared by using different volume of Fe(III)-pillaring solution. The layered intermediates obtained at each stage of the ions-exchange process and the final layered products were characterized by powder XRD, FT-IR, DR UV-Vis and SEM techniques. The photocatalytic performance of the Fe2O3-pillared layered HTaWO6 samples for degradation of rhodamine B was investigated. Compared with un-pillared layered HTaWO6, the Fe2O3-pillared layered HTaWO6 exhibited a significantly-improved photo-absorption performance and an enhanced photocatalytic activity. The Fe2O3-HTaWO6 sample with 5.8% (wt) iron showed the best catalytic performance in the photodegradation reaction of rhodamine B.
Low-Risk Innovative Ideas with High Self-Confidence: Innovation Process Characteristics in ASEAN Countries
Authors: Furue Nanami , Ab Aziz Yuhanis , Mori Koichiro , Anitawati Hermawan Ancella , Assarut Nuttapol , Uehara Wataru , Washida Yuichi
Published: February 2020

To understand the characteristics of ASEAN countries that are conducive to unique innovation, a series of idea generation and selection experiments were conducted in three emerging countries, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand, which were compared with one developed country, Japan. The experiments consisted of one-day-workshops held in each of the four countries. Two significant differences were found between emerging and developed countries. First, participants from the ASEAN countries proposed ideas that entailed a lower investment risk than did the Japanese participants. Secondly, the ASEAN participants were more confident in their idea selection than the Japanese participants were. The results suggested new possibilities for the development of strategies encouraging collaboration between emerging and developed countries in innovation management.
Evaluating Adaptive Efficiency in Environmental Water Recovery: Application of a Framework for Institutional Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Marshall Graham R.
Published: February 2020

The first empirical application of an established framework for evaluating the adaptive efficiency of policy and project options — the Institutional Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (ICEA) framework — is documented in this paper. The application involves cost-effectiveness comparison of six projects for environmental water recovery in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia, managed by the New South Wales (NSW) Government under three programs: The Living Murray Initiative; the NSW Wetland Recovery Program; and the NSW Rivers Environmental Restoration Program. Focussing primarily on one of the projects — the Darling Anabranch Pipeline Project (DAPP) — allows an in-depth account to be presented of the ICEA framework’s application. Abatement and transaction costs, and public and private subsets of these costs, were accounted for in the applications. The adaptive efficiency of the DAPP (a “water-saving project”) is found provisionally — i.e., without accounting quantitatively for institutional lock-in costs — to exceed that of the five other environmental water recovery projects (including two “market-purchase projects”) evaluated. This finding is significant given a tendency for economists to presume that environmental water recovery is generally achieved more efficiently through market-purchase projects. With water management, and environmental management more broadly, exposed to increasing uncertainty, adaptive efficiency will grow in importance as a metric for economic evaluation. The application of the ICEA framework documented in this paper can guide researchers in applying this metric to evaluations of projects and policies implemented in, or proposed for, this domain.
Mechanics of the Ideal Double-Layer Capacitor
Authors: Monroe Charles W.
Published: February 2020

The mechanical state within a parallel-plate electrolytic capacitor is examined by appending a local momentum balance to a quasielectrostatic theory that describes charge screening in both the electrolyte and the electrodes. A classical diffuse-double-layer model, which treats the capacitor’s separator as a dilute electrolytic solution, is augmented to include metal electrodes, modelled as electron gases. When accounted for in this way, the electrodes are found to impact the interfacial capacitance significantly, as well as exerting compressive stress on the electrolyte. Nonlinear and quadratically perturbed theories are explored, the former around a single plate and the latter around the entire capacitor. Perturbation reveals several mechanical scaling laws generally applicable to capacitive metal/electrolyte interfaces. The two-plate model rationalizes the exponential decay of disjoining pressure between voltage-biased plates as their separation distance grows, as well as retrieving the well-known properties of a dielectric capacitor when the plate separation is small. This was Paper 1964 presented at the Dallas, Texas, Meeting of the Society, May 26-May 30, 2019.
A Rare Cause of Persistent Blood Loss after Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement
Authors: Natroshvili T. , Elling T. , Dam S. A. , vd Berg M. , Nap R. R. H. , Hissink R. J.
Published: February 2020

The laparoscopic placement of a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) catheter is a widely used method in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). The potential complications of this procedure include perforation of intra-abdominal organs, surgical site infection, peritonitis, catheter migration, catheter blockage, port site herniation, and bleeding. In most cases, bleeding is considered to be an early-onset complication because it mostly occurs within the first seven days after surgery. We report a case of a 68-year-old female patient with a previous history of diabetes mellitus, myelodysplastic syndrome, extensive collateral varices, anaemia, and ESRD due to obstructive uropathy caused by retroperitoneal fibrosis, who presented with persistent blood loss after the laparoscopic placement of a CAPD catheter. Duplex ultrasonography showed that the CAPD catheter was transfixing a superficial epigastric varicose vein, a collateral vein, due to the occlusion of the left external iliac vein. Persistent blood loss after inserting a CAPD catheter without previous imaging of abdominal wall vessels is an indication for further diagnostics.
A Case of Schizophrenia in a Young Male Adult with no History of Substance Abuse: Impact of Clinical Pharmacists’ Interventions on Patient Outcome
Authors: Opare-Addo Mercy N. A. , Mensah Josephine , Aboagye Grace Owusu
Published: February 2020

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, sense of self, and behaviour. This report presents the role of clinical pharmacists in the management of a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia with symptoms of paranoia. A gainfully employed young African male adult reported to be roaming around town moving from one bank to another was arrested. The patient was referred to the psychiatric unit of a hospital and diagnosed with schizophrenia. Key interventions offered included rapid tranquilization, electroconvulsive therapy, and psychotherapy. Medications administered to the patient while on admission included IV diazepam, IM haloperidol, IV Ketamine, IM flupentixol, olanzapine tablets, and trihexyphenidyl tablets. Issues raised by clinical pharmacists during the patient’s admission included need for alternative medication for rapid tranquilization, need for initial investigations and documentation of the patient’s vitals, initiation of antipsychotic therapy without initial monitoring and screening for substance abuse, inappropriate dose at initiation of antipsychotic medications, untreated indication, and incidence of missed doses. Interventions by the clinical pharmacists contributed to improvement in the patient’s symptoms prior to hospital discharge. The case proves that it is critical for clinical pharmacists to be involved in the multidisciplinary team during management of patients with psychosis.
Physical Activity and Telomeres in Old Age: A Longitudinal 10-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Jantunen Hanna , Wasenius Niko S. , Guzzardi Maria Angela , Iozzo Patricia , Kajantie Eero , Kautiainen Hannu , Salonen Minna K. , Eriksson Johan G.
Published: February 2020

Background:Telomeres are crucial parts of chromosomes that protect the genome. They shorten every time the cell replicates, and shorter telomeres have been associated with increasing age and with many health behaviours. There is inconclusive evidence on the association between physical activity (PA) and telomere length. Objectives: To examine how leisure-time PA (LTPA) is associated with telomere length and telomere attrition during 10 years of follow-up in elderly people. Design: This study is a 10-year prospective follow-up study. Method: For this prospective study, we examined 1,014 subjects (mean age at baseline 60.8 years) from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (HBCS). Relative leukocyte telomere length (LTL) was measured with a quantitative real-time PCR and LTPA with a validated questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess the association between sex-specific LTPA quartiles and LTL at baseline and change in LTL over 10 years. The analyses were adjusted for age, educational attainment, smoking, body fat percentage, oestrogen exposure in women and for follow-up time when applicable. Results: At baseline, volume of LTPA was not associated with LTL in men (p = 0.66) or in women (p = 0.33). Among women, however, higher volume of LTPA at baseline was associated with greater shortening of LTL (p for linearity 0.040) during the 10-year follow-up. No association was found among men (p for linearity 0.75). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that PA has a sex-specific role in regulation of telomere length in the aging process as in our study a high volume of LTPA in elderly women, but not in men, was associated with more rapid telomere attrition.
Teatr ZAR: Theatre Out of Death
Authors: Kosiński Dariusz
Published: February 2020

Working in the building formerly inhabited by Grotowski's Polish Laboratory Theatre, Teatr ZAR has been struggling for years in the shadow of the master to achieve its own original theatre language and performance style.
Frequency-based Dissociation of Symbolic and Nonsymbolic Numerical Processing during Numerical Comparison
Authors: Rubinsten Orly , Korem Nachshon , Levin Naama , Furman Tamar
Published: February 2020

Recent evidence suggests that during numerical calculation, symbolic and nonsymbolic processing are functionally distinct operations. Nevertheless, both roughly recruit the same brain areas (spatially overlapping networks in the parietal cortex) and happen at the same time (roughly 250 msec poststimulus onset). We tested the hypothesis that symbolic and nonsymbolic processing are segregated by means of functionally relevant networks in different frequency ranges: high gamma (above 50 Hz) for symbolic processing and lower beta (12–17 Hz) for nonsymbolic processing. EEG signals were quantified as participants compared either symbolic numbers or nonsymbolic quantities. Larger EEG gamma-band power was observed for more difficult symbolic comparisons (ratio of 0.8 between the two numbers) than for easier comparisons (ratio of 0.2) over frontocentral regions. Similarly, beta-band power was larger for more difficult nonsymbolic comparisons than for easier ones over parietal areas. These results confirm the existence of a functional dissociation in EEG oscillatory dynamics during numerical processing that is compatible with the notion of distinct linguistic processing of symbolic numbers and approximation of nonsymbolic numerical information.
Thickness of Deep Layers in the Fusiform Face Area Predicts Face Recognition
Authors: McGugin Rankin W. , Newton Allen T. , Tamber-Rosenau Benjamin , Tomarken Andrew , Gauthier Isabel
Published: February 2020

People with superior face recognition have relatively thin cortex in face-selective brain areas, whereas those with superior vehicle recognition have relatively thick cortex in the same areas. We suggest that these opposite correlations reflect distinct mechanisms influencing cortical thickness (CT) as abilities are acquired at different points in development. We explore a new prediction regarding the specificity of these effects through the depth of the cortex: that face recognition selectively and negatively correlates with thickness of the deepest laminar subdivision in face-selective areas. With ultrahigh resolution MRI at 7T, we estimated the thickness of three laminar subdivisions, which we term “MR layers,” in the right fusiform face area (FFA) in 14 adult male humans. Face recognition was negatively associated with the thickness of deep MR layers, whereas vehicle recognition was positively related to the thickness of all layers. Regression model comparisons provided overwhelming support for a model specifying that the magnitude of the association between face recognition and CT differs across MR layers (deep vs. superficial/middle) whereas the magnitude of the association between vehicle recognition and CT is invariant across layers. The total CT of right FFA accounted for 69% of the variance in face recognition, and thickness of the deep layer alone accounted for 84% of this variance. Our findings demonstrate the functional validity of MR laminar estimates in FFA. Studying the structural basis of individual differences for multiple abilities in the same cortical area can reveal effects of distinct mechanisms that are not apparent when studying average variation or development.
When Doing the Right Thing is Impossible
Authors: Holiday David A.
Published: February 2020

Lisa Tessman’s new work is a re-purposing of her earlier academic monograph on moral failure for popular philosophy. It investigates the experiences of moral dilemma and being burdened with a strict moral duty which is impossible to meet. Tessman aims to show that these experiences are veridical, to explain how they arise in us by grounding them in important features of our nature and psychology, and to convince us that the risk of impossible moral binds is one that we should learn to live with. In all of this, she sees herself as recovering experiences of moral impossibility from modern, analytic ethical theory which operates on an over-intellectualized, rationalistic model of agency that takes such experiences to be illusory, incoherent or otherwise mistaken. I summarize the core arguments of the work, offer some friendly critical commentary, and raise some mild concerns about the project as a work in popular philosophy.
The combination of Discourse Markers in Persian
Authors: Kassaei Gholamreza , Amouzadeh Mohammad
Published: February 2020

This paper sets out to investigate the ways in which some of the Discourse Markers (DM s) in Persian are used by looking at a corpus of 475 million words. By adopting Fraser’s notion of DM (2009), it will analyse all possible combinations of thirty DMs categorized into three groups: contrastive, elaborative, and inferential. This categorization will be based on the types of semantic relationship they signal between the propositions of the discourse segments preceding and following them. Their deployment in the attested data demonstrates that the ordering of these DM s is by no means arbitrary. The result of our investigation also reveals that Persian contrastive DM s show a strong tendency to combine with the members of their own category, while elaborative DM s tend to combine with inferential DM s. Inferential DM s, too, have a tendency for intra-category combinations; however, such combinations are much less frequent than those of contrastive DM s. Contrastive DM s have the lowest predisposition for combining with inferential DM s. In short, by exploring the frequency of all sequences of DM s under investigation, a hierarchy of DM combinations in Persian will be proposed, which can be argued to predict certain possible configurations of DM sequences in Persian, and such empirical findings will build up some basis for future typological research as well as for the theorization of DM sequences in general.
La diferenciación de Empeiria y Technê en el Gorgias de Platón
Authors: Ariza Sergio
Published: February 2020

In Gorgias Plato distinguishes empeiria and technê appealing to the notion of reason: Technê offers reasons while empeiria is an alogon pragma. But he links this criterion to the dichotomy of pleasure and good such that the field of technê is limited to good and the field of empeiria to pleasure. I focus on this connection showing its underlying assumptions. I propose to consider that the central dichotomy is that of pleasure and good and that the criterion based on reason can be derived from it. For this I show that good and pleasure do not act solely as objects of technê and empeiria but rather are ways of reasoning and arguing. This leads to the redefinition of the concept of alogon pragma. it must be understood as an activity that is irrational to the extent that it creates pseudoreasons. The concept of Kosmos will be relevant in this context.