bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Rights: temporarily out of order. Narrative and practice during pandemic times
Authors: Zsögön Cecilia
Published: January 2022

What is the origin of the narrative of human rights? What interests do they represent? Can human rights help reverse the devastating consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on impoverished children? To an- swer this question, we will discuss the origin of the narrative and discourse of human rights and their po- tential as enforcement mechanisms for reversing vulnerability, preventing abuses and promoting solidarity and justice. Despite their promise, the past decade has seen a backlash against human rights on almost every front, worsened by the coronavirus outbreak which is causing a widespread global disruption and exacerbating pre-existing inequalities. We consider the impact on vulnerable children in Latin America, which has greatly worsened since the spread of coronavirus. Finally, we discuss the impact of pandemic on children ́s rights, as well as initiatives relating to increasing their level of protection and guaranteeing to the exercise of their rights, which have been severely compromised during these turbulent times.
Kakucs-Turján: a multi-layered settlement in Central Hungary
Authors: Jaeger Mateusz , Staniuk Robert , Filatova Sofia , Kulcsár Gabriella
Published: January 2022

Investigations of the settlement of Kakucs-Turján have applied a multi-disciplinary approach to recognize the everyday reality of communities living in Early and Middle Bronze Age Hungary. Field prospection and preliminary excavations allowed characterization of the overall site parameters, while the subsequent excavation seasons provided evidence of a complex settlement history wherein a major transition from behaviors producing a flat to a multilayered site was identified as a major turning point. Analyses of material culture and botanical remains point to stable lifestyles and subsistence practices across generations of inhabitation of the settlement within which differential access to exotic resources and non-local objects was part of the way of life. This paper provides a state-of-the-art overview summarizing the main findings of the focal points of research at Kakucs-Turján.
The barrow culture of the Upper Dniester Basin in the 3 rd and 2 nd millennia BC: The Polish-Ukrainian research projects
Authors: Makarowicz Przemysław , Romaniszyn Jan , Rud Vitalii
Published: January 2022

Since 2009, the international Upper Dniester Expedition has conducted field research (field-walking surveys, non-invasive and excavation) and analytical studies in the Eastern Transcarpathia. These investigations are part of a broader research programme – a study of ‘The Biocultural Borderland between the East and the West of Europe’. The projects concern a comprehensive reconnaissance of barrow cemeteries dated to the 3 rd and 2 nd millennia BC, located in the mixed forest-steppe and forest belt in the basin of the Upper Dniester River. For almost 1500 years, this type of funeral architecture shaped the ‘mortuary landscapes’ of the communities successively inhabiting that area. Hence, the barrow cemeteries are an important source for understanding the mechanisms and trajectories of cultural development in this part of Europe, and consequently the subject of intensive studies within several research projects. This article describes the aims and results of two already completed and one ongoing project in the Upper Dniester Basin. Thanks to the use of modern research methods, both in the field of archaeology and ‘archaeological sciences’, it has been possible to present a wide spectrum of regularities/principles concerning the ‘barrow landscapes’, the chronology of the creation of selected cemeteries, and the construction of regular, linear arrangements of barrows. Furthermore, the projects have and are providing large collections of archaeological (ceramic, lithic, metals, etc.), anthropological, archaeobotanical and archaeofaunal material for future analyses.
From the cradle to the grave
Authors: Koliński Rafał , Kolińska Xenia
Published: January 2022

From the cradle to the grave, we are accompanied by the concepts of mortality and immortal- ity. We experience the first as humans but ascribe, unknown to us, the state of eternal being to the gods. In various models of the universe, death may mean the end of everything, a new beginning, or a state of waiting to join the ranks of the Immortals. In Mesopotamia, death means Perduring; souls of the dead were confined to Underworld, where they lasted in dark - ness, suffering thirst and hunger. At the beginning of the 2 nd millennium BC in Mesopotamia the attitude towards the dead is changing significantly. Cult of ancestors and repeated offerings to dead were meant to improve their condition, and, in turn, secure their support to the living. The GP26 chamber tomb discovered at the Tell Arbid site in northeastern Syria in 2009 by archaeologists of the Institute of Prehistory, Adam Mickiewicz University, is a perfect illustration of these changes. The underground chamber tomb built next to the house became the resting place of three generations of its inhabitants, judging from the fact that at least 15 people were buried there successively. Prestigious grave gifts testify to the wealth of the family, and the finds of sacrificial vessels and animal bones illustrate ceremonies performed during the funeral. The tomb was ritually closed by burying the dog in the shaft leading to its chamber. The tomb was avoided being robbed in antiquity, thanks to which archaeologists from the Adam Mickiewicz University could study it and shed light on the beliefs and splendor of the inhabitants of northern Mesopotamia dating back almost 4,000 years
Archaeological research of the Gothic Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary on the island of Ostrów Tumski, Poznań
Authors: Antowska-Gorączniak Olga
Published: January 2022

Between 1999 and 2015 an archaeological research of the interior and the immediate vicinity of the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary on the island of Ostrów Tumski in Poznań was con- ducted. This hall church, whose consecration took place in 1448, is part of the architecture style connected with the workshops of Master Builder Hinrich Brunsberg. Interestingly, the traceries of the study church windows correspond to similar elements from the churches in Brandenburg and Chojna (Brunsberg’s work). But the fragments of Gothic pinnacles from the gable (according to written sources) were probably built by Lorek from Kościan. Also, the tracery decoration at the western portal of the Poznań cathedral, which was discovered during the post-war renovation works, confirms the presence of a similar façade decoration of the Poznań cathedral to that in Brandenburg. What is more, a fleuron found in the church of the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary on the island of Ostrów Tumski is analogous to the same decorative element of the town hall in Tangermünde. This suggests that the workshops associated with that master builder, most probably participated in the rebuilding of the Poznań cathedral at the turn of the century (XIV/XV) and in the designing of the St Mary’s Church, which was completed after Brunsberg’s death. The archaeological research included the cemetery that was operational from the 2 nd half of the 15 th century to the end of the 18 th century, during which time, the deceased were buried inside the church. It was also where remains of several brick tombs/crypts were discovered. The youngest burial is an ossuary found in the middle of the nave, which contains bones moved there from the cathedral in 1784-1785. The brick and stone wall enclosing the cemetery was built in 1465-1466. Originally, the church and the cemetery were situated on a small hill, the slopes of which were reinforced.
Polish archaeological research in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Krueger Michał
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to present the documented achievements of Polish archaeologists carrying out research on the earliest history of the Iberian Peninsula. As a result of a li- brary query and community interviews, the main areas of activity of Polish archaeologists over the past decades were located, which were mainly in Galicia and Andalusia. The main centres conducting research activities in the Iberian Peninsula are the University of Warsaw, the University of Łódź, and Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. In recent decades, Polish scientific initiatives in the field of archaeology of the Iberian Peninsula have covered various aspects of field and archival research.
Heritage regained: results of rescue excavations in the Land of Cracow
Authors: Minta-Tworzowska Danuta
Published: January 2022

This article provides a broader picture of the archaeological heritage of the Cracow (Kraków) Land that has been discovered through archaeological research as part of the project ‘Archaeological excavations conducted during the construction of the S-7 expressway, section Moczydło–Szczepanowice–Widoma–Zastów–Cracow (sections B and D)’. This research has been carried out since 2015 by a consortium consisting of: the University of Wro- cław, the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, and the ‘Archeologia Silesiae’ Science Foundation. This paper examines settlement processes at Mogiła 56, an important site for this region previously investigated in the 1960s. The recent research conducted in the Land of Cra- cow has yielded many traces of settlement represented by features and numerous artefacts in complex contexts. This new evidence contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between changes in the landscape and settlement processes in the prehistory of the Land of Cracow.
Excavations in Kamenets-Podolskiy, Tatarysky: Small-scale insight on large-scale questions
Authors: Diachenko Aleksandr , Sobkowiak-Tabaka Iwona
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the results of field work carried out in terms of a collaborative Polish- Ukrainian project. The main aim of this project is to investigate the transformations and modifications of culture in prehistory as reflected in the archaeological record, focusing on the issues of cultural expansion, unification, and internal diversity. The excavations of Western Tripolye culture settlement of Kamenets-Podolskiy (Tatarysky) were conducted to provide an empirical base for this work. During first season of excavations remains of a burnt house (ploschadka) and pottery kilns were excavated.
Late Neolithic Hilltop Communities in Central Kujawy
Authors: Kośko Aleksander , Szmyt Marzena
Published: January 2022

The article presents the history and the most important results of archaeological research on the so-called Prokopiak’s Mount at Opatowice in the Kujawy region. Archaeologists from the Adam Mickiewicz University conducted surveys and excavations there for several years - from 1983 to 1998. Remains of settlements and graves discovered on the hill come mainly from the 4 th and 3 rd mill. BC and represent several units of the archaeological taxonomy: the Funnel Beaker culture, the Globular Amphora culture, the Corded Ware culture, the Neman culture, and the Proto-Bronze group. Since 2006, a special series of monographs of individual sites has been published. To date, five volumes have been published, and more are being prepared. Thanks to meticulous investigations as well as comprehensive and multifaceted scientific analyzes, the Prokopiak’s Mount at Opatowice is one of the best-recognized micro-regions of Late Neolithic settlement in Kujawy and is a reference point for extensive comparative research. This applies, for example, to the local scale of absolute chronology, various components of material culture, forms of settlements and camps, ceremonial and funeral practices, as well as economic activities.
Bonding the Chemistry Community
Authors: García-Martínez Javier
Published: January 2022

None could have imagined what history had in store for all of us when, just a couple of years ago, we were celebrating our Centenary and planning for the future of IUPAC. These past months, marked by a pandemic, have shown how fragile and interdependent we are. We have also learned the key role of science in understanding, tackling, and solving our most pressing challenges. Chemistry, in particular, is playing a central role in the fight against the coronavirus, from the production of disinfectants to the nanoparticles that carry the mRNA in the COVID-19 vaccines. However, this is not the last global challenge we will have to face and chemistry will continue to be essential in our fight against illness, hunger, and poverty.
Young chemists voice in support of the SDGs
Authors: Richter Janine , Dobbelaar Emiel
Published: January 2022

In 2015, the United Nations General Assembly agreed upon 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that are to be achieved by the year 2030. These goals were adopted to ensure an economical, socially just and ecologically sustainable development on a global scale and to protect natural resources and the environment [1].
Tiny nanopesticides promise big gains to farmers
Authors: Schmidt Sophie
Published: January 2022

New research has helped bring nanopesticides—tiny capsules capable of big impact—one step closer to regulatory approval.
Storyworld, transmedia storytelling, and contemporary narrative theory: An interview with Marie-Laure Ryan
Authors: Chen Jiayi , Ryan Marie-Laure
Published: January 2022

Marie-Laure Ryan is an independent scholar based in Colorado. She is the author of Possible Worlds, Artificial Intelligence and Narrative Theory (1991), Narrative as Virtual Reality (2001), Avatars of Story (2006), Narrative as Virtual Reality 2 (2015), Narrating Space/Spatializing Narrative (2016, with Kenneth Foote and Maoz Azaryahu), and over 100 articles on narratology, media theory, and digital culture. In October 2021, Dr. Jiayi Chen interviewed Ryan by email about possible worlds narratology, narrative across media, and the recent development of narratology. During the discussion, Ryan elaborates on the productive ways transmedia narratology can complement the language-based enterprise of narrative theory, as well as its position in relation to other strands of narrative inquiry. To conclude, Ryan points out the recent trends that have been enriching and expanding the territory of narratology before mapping out some areas that merit greater attention and future investigation.
Being for every other: Levinas in the anthropocene
Authors: Hand Seán
Published: January 2022

The essay traces the apparent influence of Emmanuel Levinas on several thinkers concerned in different ways with Anthropocene ethics. It postulates that an application of Levinas’s ideas to the involvement of the human and the non-human challenges and extends the limits of his thought, while considering the occasionally partial and even fundamentally distorting nature of some of these appropriations.
The behaviour of stress variation in sandy soil
Authors: Dirgėlienė Neringa , Skuodis Šarūnas , Vasys Elijus
Published: January 2022

This research article represents the recompacted dense sand sample behaviour and stress distribution in the direct shear box. In Lithuania, sand is quite common on a construction site, in general about 32%. To reduce the influence of the shear box design on the experimentally determined values of the soil strength parameters, it is necessary to know the regularities of the change of the normal load acting in the shear plane. Three different normal stresses of 50, 100, and 200 kPa were applied to the dense sand in the direct shear boxes during experimental and numerical simulation. The results showed an obvious evidence of non-uniformity of stress for standard and raised specimens. The numerical analysis exhibited that when the sample is loaded only with a vertical load, approximately 75% of that load is transferred to the sample bottom, 84% to the shear plane, and 95% to the top. At the end of the shear test, the vertical force in the shear plane reaches maximum, the normal stress is higher by 13.5% than applied on the sample top. The shear strength of sandy soils were influenced by box size and sample height too. The improved shear box apparatus allows to estimate the vertical load at shear plane.
Sustainability of Evaluation Function in Lithuanian Public Administration
Authors: Dvorak Jaroslav
Published: January 2022

This article sets out to examine the public policy evaluation model, which is applied for evaluating public policy in Lithuania. The data was collected from the papers published by local researchers, official documents available at the ministries and agencies web sites and other printed materials. Qualitative data for this paper was taken from the series of individual interviews with public officials and evaluators (conducted 200–2010). The data was supplemented with quantitative data from the survey about the scope and significance of evaluation in Lithuania (conducted in 2010). It was found that monitoring system was weak designed and required significant reinvention. The reinvention of the monitoring system will built base for the future evaluation of the results. It is suggested that that the greatest demand for the effectiveness, efficiency and productivity in the government leads to the highest use of performance management and evaluation as a tool for decision-making.
Export Promotion Changes of Sme’s for Export Expansion Directions Development in Lithuania
Authors: Jatuliavičienė Gražina , Kučinskienė Marija
Published: January 2022

The article aims to show that conditioned by globalization processes integration tendencies in the world economy stimulate the search of new export expansion directions and development methods. Their evaluation and implementation are important driving forces for national economic growth and sustainable development of regions. Current Lithuanian state’s position in export promotion, as it enters into exchanges with the ever-changing global environment, must be conceptually justified, enabling equal participation in the international trade and the ability to withstand globalization’s challenges. Most importantly, export promotion and development mechanisms and instruments should allow for timely responses towards the increasing liberalization of economic relationships and encourage the introduction of prerequisites for the acceleration of economic growth through export expansion.
Lessons from Teaching Renewables: Domestic and Cross-Border Education Action – Latvian Solar Cup
Authors: Kleperis Janis , Dimanta Ilze , Dimants Justs , Sloka Biruta
Published: January 2022

From 2008 the education action – Latvian Solar Cup – is organized in University of Latvia. In this event, intended for pupils and students, the basics of one of the types of renewable energy – solar photovoltaic – are taught, and pupils from 5th to 12th classes are being taught, and students – those who teach. Lectures about renewable technologies are organized for pupils, and materials are distributed them for homework – to built up just a solar-powered vehicle. First Solar Cup became with an active participation of Czech colleagues (University of Ostrava) and their experience in organizing similar initiatives. Over the next few years the German colleagues from the University of Kassel (Germany) shared with their experience from German Solar Cup activities.
Quantitative Measurement of Cross-Border Interactions (Example of Africa)
Authors: Paiders Janis , Paiders Juris
Published: January 2022

Cross-border cooperation is one of the advantages of the EU that presented conditions for economic growth of all Member States when the organization was formed. The aim of the work was to look for quantitative indicators and data processing methods that would characterize cross-border interactions, while looking for and marking out high-integration regions. The authors’ previous studies (Paiders, Paiders, 2010) were aimed at conducting measurements of cross-border interactions in the cluster of European states. In this work, the authors use the already-familiar methodology and indicators in order to analyze the cross-border interactions of African states. The layout of highly integrated borders allowed marking out four groups of African states with the greatest economic integration with neighboring states.
Circulation at Russian-Baltic States Boundary: a Cut and a Seam
Authors: Serry Arnaud
Published: January 2022

Disintegration of the USSR and join of Baltic States to European Union made this one a border territory between Russia and EU. After the collapse of Former Soviet Union, the new boundary remained almost easy to cross. In the beginning of the 21th century, it became no more fuzzy but rather fixed. Since European enlargement that had taken place in 2004, the crossing has become more regulated. People need visas that meant administrative papers and cost. The evolution of cargo flows has been more contrasted. Economic policies, political stakes and traditional links, are elements to understand East Baltic area. Kaliningrad Oblast, the Russian exclave lying by the Baltic Sea, strengthens the interest of the purpose.
Practice of Cross Border Cooperation in Capacity Building Project: Ensuring Sustainable Development
Authors: Viederytė Rasa , Strakšienė Giedrė
Published: January 2022

The article presents the practice of Capacity Building project (CBP) activities underlining the sustainable development importance in the context of Cross Border Cooperation, which was implemented in Denmark, Germany, Poland, Sweden and Lithuania. The article is based on the analysis of statistical data and South Baltic Program documents adopted by the European Commission. The knowledge and experience of CBP formulated in this paper could be useful for future capacity building initiatives in the South Baltic region or in other territorial cooperation programmes. Article authors were official representatives of this project in Lithuania Region and actively participated during the Capacity Building project activities implementation process, took responsibilities during the interview and questionnaire givens collecting in Lithuania, were mentoring the Rent-of-Expert process and made individual consultations, organized trainings and workshops.
Darbuotojų darbo motyvacijos ir pasitenkinimo darbu sąsajos
Authors: Viningienė Daiva
Published: January 2022

Straipsnyje aptariama darbuotojų motyvavimo ir pasitenkinimo darbu samprata, reikšmė, teoriniai aspektai. Straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti, kaip motyvacija ir pasitenkinimas darbu susiję. Keliama teorinė prielaida, kad darbo motyvacijos lygis ir darbuotojų pasitenkinimas savo darbu yra tiesiogiai susiję. Ši prielaida patvirtinama tyrimu. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad siekiant organizacijoje sukurti vieningą motyvacijos ir pasitenkinimo darbu sistemą, reikėtų atlikti papildomus kokybinius tyrimus, kurie atskleistų, kokie motyvuojantys veiksniai didina Lietuvos organizacijų darbuotojų pasitenkinimą darbu.
Lietuvos inovacinės veiklos tendencijos ir tobulinimo galimybių analizė Europos Sąjungos kontekste
Authors: Žilinskas Vytautas Jonas , Dementjeva Jelena
Published: January 2022

Pagrindinė politikos Europos Sąjungos regionų plėtros problemai spręsti dalis turėtų būti atitinkama regionų raidai skirta inovacijų politika, numatant joje įvairias regioninio ir tarptautinio konkurencingumo inovacijų srityje plėtojimo formas, tinkamas skatinti socialinę ir ekonominę raidą. Šiuo metu Lietuva Europos Sąjungos kontekste yra tarp pradedančiųjų inovatorių ir savo inovacinę veiklą plėtoja lėčiausiai. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama inovacijų svarba siekiant šalies konkurencingumo, analizuojama inovacinio indekso, kaip matavimo priemonės, struktūra, vieno iš prioritetinių Europe 2020 tikslų siekimo rodikliai, atliekama Lietuvos inovacinės veiklos tendencijų, stipriųjų ir silpnųjų pusių analizė, pateikiamos tobulinimo gairės siekiant regioninio ir pasaulinio konkurencingumo.
Studentų verslumo ugdymo tyrimas Vakarų Lietuvos regione
Authors: Župerka Aurimas , Župerkienė Erika
Published: January 2022

Straipsnyje ištirta Vakarų Lietuvos regiono studentų verslumo ugdymo situacija. Nagrinėjama, kaip aukštojo mokslo institucijų lygyje ugdyti studentų verslumą, skatinant kurti nuosavą verslą. Straipsnyje apibendrinta mokslinė literatūra verslumo ugdymo tematika; išskirti kritiniai studentų verslumą lemiantys veiksniai; atliktas studentų verslumo ugdymo Vakarų Lietuvos regione situacijos tyrimas; pateikiama siūlymų, kaip tobulinti verslumo ugdymo procesą Vakarų Lietuvos aukštosiose mokyklose.
Vartotojų pasitenkinimo Kauno miesto picerijomis nustatymas
Authors: Grigaliūnaitė Viktorija , Lina Pilelienė Lina Pilelienė
Published: January 2022

Maitinimo įstaigų populiarumo Lietuvoje didėjimas pagrindžia vartotojų pasitenkinimo šiomis įstaigomis tyrimo aktualumą. Vertinant itališkos virtuvės atitikimą tradiciniam lietuvio skoniui, tyrimą nuspręsta atlikti picerijų sektoriuje. Tiriant siekta įvertinti vartotojų pasitenkinimą Kauno miesto picerijomis. Tyrimo duomenys leidžia daryti išvadą, kad siekiant didesnio vartotojų pasitenkinimo picerijomis, svarbiausia suderinti vartotojų lūkesčius ir produktų bei aptarnavimo kokybę. Apibendrinus atlikto tyrimo rezultatus, sudarytas vartotojų pasitenkinimo Kauno miesto picerijomis modelis, kuris gali būti taikomas apskaičiuojant vartotojų pasitenkinimą visomis picerijomis arba konkrečia Kauno miesto picerija, taip pat adaptuotas kitų miestų picerijų ar kitų maitinimo įstaigų vartotojų pasitenkinimui matuoti.
Regioninio verslo jūrų žuvininkystės sektoriaus problemos ir perspektyvos
Authors: Grublienė Violeta , Gotautienė Eglė
Published: January 2022

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos jūrų žuvininkystės sektoriaus, kaip regioninio verslo, problemos ir perspektyvos. Įvertinta jūrų žuvininkystės sektoriaus būklė, problemos ir numatytos galimos perspektyvos. Straipsnyje apibendrinta informacija, pateikta žuvininkystės sektoriaus norminiuose aktuose ir dokumentuose, statistinė informacija, moksliniai straipsniai bei informacija iš įvairių seminarų. Pateikta siūlymų galimoms perspektyvoms įgyvendinti.
Risk Management as a Tool to Improve the Reliability: Case of Insurance Company
Authors: Kaļiņina Darja , Voronova Irina
Published: January 2022

Risk management is one of the most critical and important areas that affects every insurance company’s activity and development. The goal of the research is to identify and establish the most important parts of risk management with the aim to improve the insurance company’s reliability with the risk self-assessment. Also risk management is one of the most significant functions under Solvency II Directive framework. The methods chosen for conducting the research are: literature exploring, comparative methods, modeling, analysis, methods of expert evaluation.
Koordinavimo sistemos organizacijų tinkluose modelis
Authors: Ribačonka Edgaras , Burgis Darius
Published: January 2022

Straipsnyje susieti autorių pateikti organizacijų, turinčių tinklines struktūras, suvokimo lygiai ir pagrindiniai tinklinių struktūrų tipai. Pastebėta, kad ne kiekvieną tinklinę organizaciją galima pavadinti organizacijų tinklu. Tai lemia du skirtingus požiūrius į tinklines struktūras. Organizacijų tinklas vienareikšmiškai susieja kelias juridiškai nepriklausomas organizacijas, kurios siekia sudaryti naudingą sąjungą, užtikrinančią sėkmingą organizacijos veiklą greitai kintančiomis sąlygomis. Šių tinklų, kaip verslo organizavimo formų, koordinavimo sistema gali iš esmės skirtis. Straipsnyje parodoma koordinavimo sistemos organizacijų tinkle svarba, užtikrinant organizacijos veiklos efektyvumą, išnagrinėtas koordinavimo sistemos CPFR modelis ir priemonės, būtinos užtikrinti šio modelio funkcionavimą.
Operations Strategies
Authors: Schmuck Roland
Published: January 2022

Strategic management and operations management are widely used concepts. The role of operations management in planning and implementation the strategy is shown in this article. After a deep literature review the author presents those ideas which are crucial for the long-term planning of a modern company. Next to the change of the external environment the time factor is also considered as an important issue. The goal of companies within the framework of these conditions is to gain competitive advantage. The author shows ideas how to achieve this.
The Features of Marketing Communications in the Conditions of Economic Crisis
Authors: Šalkovska Jeļena
Published: January 2022

The article contains the analysis of features of marketing communications of companies in the conditions of economic crisis, when, from one side, the financial capabilities of companies are limited, but, from the other side, this is also the period when the necessity of retaining the market share and changing the strategies of companies’ marketing communication increases. The article contains the analysis of the changes in consumers’ behaviour in the conditions of crisis. The results of interrogation of representatives of Latvian companies, conducted under the guidance of the author of the article in order to reveal the directions of changes in their marketing strategies in the conditions of crisis, are also analysed in the article.
Consumer Needs Analysis as a Base for Sustainable Development of Entrepreneurship
Authors: Andersone Ieva , Gaile-Sarkane Elina
Published: January 2022

Knowledge about consumer needs, factors and motives affecting behavior is one of the ways of ensuring entrepreneurship competitiveness. Authors present the results of the study on the A. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs within the context of consumer behavior components affecting consumer behavior from a perspective of entrepreneurial decision making. Authors employ well known methods of research – statistical analysis, grouping, evaluation, predicting etc. In the course of the present research by synthesis of theoretical developments and practical experience decision making model is made. A. Maslow’s theory serves as the basis for developing a range of theories dealing with consumer behavior, therefore, when developing the consumer behavior model in Latvia, the author decided to integrate the better known theories. The use of models prepared by the authors in sales, entrepreneurship, and other sectors of economy provide an opportunity to reasonably plan investments for the relevant time period, to avoid mistakes, and to improve the overall economic effectiveness of the company’s operations and usefulness of resource utilization.
The Problems of Lithuanian Landscape in the Context of Sustainable Development
Authors: Čiegis Remigijus , Burgis Darius
Published: January 2022

The landscape of any country is the reflection of territorial expression of its socio-economical and ecological processes. Several problems regarding Lithuania’s landscape could be distinguished: a) problems of land parcels; b) problems of forests; c) problems of protected territories and natural frameworks; d) problems of Curonian spit; e) problems of coastal sands. Self contained renaturalization of Lithuanian landscape, implementation of programs from the strategic documents of the government and active participation of local communities, could lead to at least partial restoration of the impoverished Lithuanian landscape and increase of its stability.
Methodological Stories on Regional Governance
Authors: Kraujutaitytė Linutė
Published: January 2022

We are participants of ever changing peripherization. A growing external control over social sciences has been spotted lately in academic community. This inspires to investigate a Lithuanian case on the discourse of regional governance in order to understand the impact of social research methodology in the processes of peripherization. With the intention to deemphasize domination, the article describes eleven stories designed for constituting methodological meanings of regional governance (RG) arrived at while reflecting upon public, academic and legal written texts. Texts were chosen to illustrate variety of international and national discourses, which manage the chain of reasoning on RG. The article ends with some insights on understanding RG and its methodological roots associated with three sets of principles drawn from qualitative research, quantitative research and discourse research.
Sustainable Tourism Development
Authors: Niedziółka Iwona
Published: January 2022

The article presents the main ideas of sustainable tourism – new form of tourism promoted by authorities, environmental and social institutions and international organizations. It implies taking into account economic, environmental, and socio-cultural aspect by planning and management of tourism. The article presents historical background of the idea of sustainability and main international events concerning this topic. The author highlights negative effects of tourism that can be prevented by applying the principles of sustainable development.
The Analysis of Latvia Households’ Consumption Expenditure in Scope of Sustainable Development
Authors: Vilciņa Anastasija , Grīnberga-Zālīte Gunta , Andersons Raivis
Published: January 2022

Basing on critical analysis of Latvia households’ consumption expenditure structure during the period from 2003 until 2010, the authors have identified the main tendencies of changes and characterized the main macroeconomic indicators, which have seriously influenced the consumption structure during different phases of economic cycle. The authors have applied econometric methods to characterize the correlation of particular consumption expenditure groups’ proportion with households’ consumption expenditure. The analysis enabled the authors to detect, which consumption expenditure groups exactly are the most important for ensuring the welfare level, and E. Engel’s regularity was also discussed in this respect. The analysis of the data obtained in scope of the households’ member survey enabled the authors to identify the main directions of consumer behaviour changes during the economic recession period and present proposals for improvement of consumption as a significant indicator of country’s welfare and sustainable development.
Diversity Management as a Key Factor in the Regional Development Process
Authors: Wziątek-Staśko Anna
Published: January 2022

Economy operates in a broader social system, composed of households and enterprises but also by all institutions created by people. Law and politics is created and introduced in institutions in parallel to educational, administrative activities as well as any other social activities, including those related to the natural environment we live in. These institutions operate thanks to the social capital i.e. interconnected human resources. The quality of the social capital is dependent on mutual trust and relations in the society. For this reason, social capital is of key importance for sustainable development, both as a controller of the impact of the economy on the environment as well as the basis for the future development. The environment evolves continuously, there are rapidly changing economic processes and, in consequence, their impact on the environment is changing rapidly, tool. This brings some specific challenges to the resource and quality of human knowledge and the competence level of the human capital, as the only tool for a possible reduction of all imperfections.
Building Consumer Oriented Strategy for a Specialised Regional Store Chain
Authors: Zhigalova Anna
Published: January 2022

The research was made to identify how the retail strategy of a specialized regional chain should be reshaped in order to meet consumer requirements and satisfy their needs, compete against different store formats and maximize business efficiency. The analysis was made to identify alcoholic beverages consumption and buying habits, reasons and choice criteria of stores, perception, image and expectations of a specialized alcohol store. Also several business development ideas were tested, such as change of the assortment and evaluation of new concept of a retail chain. Sampled respondents were from 18 to 60 years old, who have bought alcoholic beverages last three months. Survey revealed that that consumer’s choice criteria of a retailer format differs considering different buying occasions and several dominant ‘must-haves’ were identified for a specialized retail store, such as location, assortment, price level of a best sellers and image of a store.
Isothermal Amplification Technology for Diagnosis of COVID-19: Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Ma Xuejun
Published: January 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become the gold standard for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA worldwide. However, PCR-based nucleic acid detection technology remains relatively time-consuming, and requires specialized instrumentation and technical personnel; therefore, PCR is difficult to apply at primary-level medical institutions. Antibody-based detection has limitations because of the late appearance of antibodies, thus making early diagnosis difficult, whereas antigen-based detection has insufficient sensitivity, thus resulting in a high false-negative rate. Here, we briefly summarize the development and applications of the nucleic acid isothermal amplification technique (IAT) and describe four major IATs used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in mainland China, which have been officially approved by the National Medical Products Administration. In particular, we elaborate on the strengths and weakness of the different IAT in practical settings. We also discuss the outlook for IAT development and propose considerations for the future use of IATs in China.
Long-Lasting, Pathway-Specific Impairment of a Novel Form of Spike-Timing-Dependent Long-Term Depression by Neuropathic Pain in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
Authors: Hogrefe Norbert , Blom Sigrid M. , Valentinova Kristina , Ntamati Niels R. , Jonker Lotte J.E. , Nevian Natalie E. , Nevian Thomas
Published: January 2022

Malfunctioning synaptic plasticity is one of the major mechanisms contributing to the development of chronic pain. We studied spike-timing dependent depression (tLTD) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of male mice, a brain region involved in processing emotional aspects of pain. tLTD onto layer 5 pyramidal neurons depended on postsynaptic calcium-influx through GluN2B-containing NMDARs and retrograde signaling via nitric oxide to reduce presynaptic release probability. After chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve, a model for neuropathic pain, tLTD was rapidly impaired; and this phenotype persisted even beyond the time of recovery from mechanical sensitization. Exclusion of GluN2B-containing NMDARs from the postsynaptic site specifically at projections from the anterior thalamus to the ACC caused the tLTD phenotype, whereas signaling downstream of nitric oxide synthesis remained intact. Thus, transient neuropathic pain can leave a permanent trace manifested in the disturbance of synaptic plasticity in a specific afferent pathway to the cortex.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSynaptic plasticity is one of the main mechanisms that contributes to the development of chronic pain. Most studies have focused on potentiation of excitatory synaptic transmission, but very little is known about the reduction in synaptic strength. We have focused on the ACC, a brain region associated with the processing of emotional and affective components of pain. We studied spike-timing dependent LTD, which is a biologically plausible form of synaptic plasticity, that depends on the relative timing of presynaptic and postsynaptic activity. We found a long-lasting and pathway-specific suppression of the induction mechanism for spike-timing dependent LTD from the anterior thalamus to the ACC, suggesting that this pathology might be involved in altered emotional processing in pain.
Analisis Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Peningkatan Biaya Perawatan Pasca Operasi di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD Kabupaten Jombang
Authors: Siswoyo Cipto , S Sentot Imam , Siyoto Sandu
Published: January 2022

Keterampilan dalam perawatan pasien pasca operasi sangat dibutuhkan untuk mencegah komplikasi yang memperlama perawatan dirumah sakit atau membahayakan diri pasien. Persiapan sebelum operasi perlu perhatian khusus karena beberapa komplikasi dapat terjadi setelah operasi yang menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan biaya perawatan baik terhadap pasien maupun terhadap pihak rumah sakit. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan biaya perawatan pasca operasi Di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD Kabupaten Jombang. Desain penelitian yaitu observasional analitik dengan p endekatan kuantitatif. Variabel penelitian yaitu factor penyebab terjadinya hipotermi, indeks massa tubuh, jenis anestesi, lama operasi, dan lama perawatan di recovery room sebagai variabel independen, peningkatan biaya sebagai variabel dependen. Populasi penelitian ini seluruh pasien pasca operasi di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD Kabupaten Jombang dengan rata-rata jumlah pasien per bulan sebanyak 326 pasien. Sampel diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling sebanyak 180 responden. Data dikumpulkan dengan instrumen ceklist dan diolah secara editing, coding, scoring dan tabulating serta diuji dengan uji regresi dummy. Hasil regresi dummy menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berpengaruh secara langsung adalah lama perawatan di ruang recovery room dan kejadian hipotermi karena nilai p value < 0,05. Sedangkan variabel indeks massa tubuh, jenis anastesi, dan lama operasi tidak berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap peningkatan biaya perawatan di ruang recovery room Adanya penurunan suhu tubuh pasien memerlukan penanganan yang lebih intensif daripada pasien dalam keadaan suhu tubuh normal, dan juga pasien hipotermi membutuhkan tambahan peralatan, oksigen dan penghangat untuk dapat mengembalikan suhu tubuh pasien dalam kondisi normal, sehingga mempengaruhi peningkatan biaya perawatan di ruang pulih sadar.
Hipertensi pada Remaja di Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Siswanto Yuliaji , Widyawati Sigit Ambar , Wijaya Alya Asyura , Salfana Budi Dewi , Karlina Karlina
Published: January 2022

Hipertensi umumnya terjadi pada usia lanjut, tetapi beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hipertensi dapat muncul sejak remaja dan prevalensinya mengalami peningkatan selama beberapa dekade terakhir. Namun banyak yang belum menyadari sehingga menjadi penyebab munculnya hipertensi pada usia dewasa dan lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi hipertensi pada remaja di Kabupaten Semarang. Penelitian dilakukan secara observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 147 responden yang diambil dengan two stage cluster sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner, pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan, dan tekanan darah. Data dianalisis secara univariat dengan menggunakan tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan responden laki â€“ laki sebanyak 73 orang (49,7%) dan perempuan sebanyak 74 orang (50,3%). Sebagian besar (77,6%) responden mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan sedang. Hasil pengukuran  tekanan darah menunjukkan sebanyak 9 orang (6,1%) kategori hipertensi stage 2, sebanyak 18 orang (12,2%) termasuk kategori hipertensi stage 1, sebanyak 22 orang (15,0%) termasuk kategori pre-hipertensi dan sebanyak 98 orang (66,7%) mempunyai tekanan darah normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sepertiga responden sudah mengalami hipertensi.
Psikologi Pasien JK dan Pemanfaatan Ulang Pelayanan Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Rif'ah Inayatul Illa , Afridah Wiwik
Published: January 2022

Program jaminan kesehatan nasional sebagai implementasi dari Universal Health Coverage dalam pelaksanaannya belum mencapai target kepesertaan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor psikologi pasien JKN dengan pemanfaatan ulang pelayanan rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Islam Jemursari Surabaya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh pasien lama rawat inap di ruang Azzahra 2. Sampel penelitian diambil pada bulan Februari-Maret 2019 sebanyak 87 responden dengan teknik purposive sampling. Menggunakan alat bantu kuesioner dan analisis data dengan uji statistik fisherâ€™s exact serta uji koefisien phi untuk menguji keeratan hubungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan responden penelitian hampir seluruhnya (93,1%) memiliki psikologi baik dan hampir seluruhnya (93,1%) memilih untuk memanfaatkan ulang pelayanan rawat inap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara faktor psikologi pasien JKN dengan pemanfaatan ulang pelayanan rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Islam Jemursari Surabaya dengan nilai Ï=0,000<0,05. Kekuatan hubungan antar variabel pada korelasi phi diperoleh nilai yang sangat erat yaitu 0,821. Saran untuk rumah sakit adalah meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan berupa perbaikan fasilitas fisik di ruang rawat inap Azzahra 2 serta selalu berkomitmen memberikan pelayanan prima kepada pasien yang dicerminkan dengan perilaku tenaga kesehatan yang ramah dan sopan.
Sistem Penyelenggaraan Makanan di Pondok Pesantren Tahfidz
Authors: Sholichah Farohatus , Syukur Fatah
Published: January 2022

Asupan gizi dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan menghafal Al Qurâ€™an (tahfidz). Pemberian makanan yang tepat dapat diupayakan melalui penyelenggaraan makan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis input, proses, dan output penyelenggaraan makanan di Pondok Tahfidz Yanbuâ€™ul Qurâ€™an Menawan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Subjek penelitian meliputi pengurus pondok pesantren, tenaga pengelola dan tenaga pelaksana penyelenggaraan makanan, serta santri. Data input dan proses penyelenggaraan makanan diambil dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Data output (tingkat kesukaan) diambil menggunakan kuesioner uji organoleptik. Pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan dengan content analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyelenggaraan makanan dilakukan secara swakelola sebanyak 3  kali, yaitu makan pagi, makan siang, dan makan malam. Terkait input, anggaran satu kali makan sekitar Rp. 7.000,00/anak. Terkait proses, pondok telah memiliki siklus menu 7 hari. Tidak terdapat menu khusus untuk memperkuat hafalan. Perencanaan kebutuhan, pembelian, dan penerimaan bahan makanan kering dilakukan setiap minggu, sedangkan bahan segar dilakukan setiap hari. Penyimpanan dilakukan pada bahan makanan kering. Persiapan dan pengolahan dilakukan dengan baik. Pendistribusian makanan menggunakan sistem loket (sentralisasi). Terkait output, mutu makanan dapat diterima.