bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dalam Upaya Menanggulangi Plagiarisme Dikalangan Mahasiswa
Authors: Pratama Aditya
Published: February 2019

The development of ICT offers an improvement in the quality of education. The use of ICT greatly contributes to the improvement in the quality of education. ICT provides various facilities in obtaining information. The easiness of obtaining information can improve the quality of the learning process. However, behind the benefits derived from the use of ICT, there is concern about plagiarism. Plagiarism is strictly prohibited in the world of education. The sanctions imposed for the action is even set in the Law. The Formulation of Problems: How is the development of ICT in education?, How is the view of plagiarism among students? The research objective is to analyze the development of ICT in education. This research uses a qualitative research method comprising of the data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The results of the analysis indicate that 43.24% of respondents intentionally commit plagiarism. Most of informants in the research state that the respondents know that the students commit plagiarism. The use of the Garuda portal and turnitin.com portal may prevent the plagiarism among students from happening
Penerapan Cabri II Plus Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemahaman Matematis dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Hikmah Rezkiyana , Hartuti Purni Munah
Published: February 2019

This research aims to study the improvement of mathematical understanding ability of students studying with cabri II plus and students studying with traditional learning and to examine the learning motivation of students studying with cabri II plus. The research uses a quasi-experimental research design with non-equivalent control groups formed using purposive sampling technique. The research population is seventh grade students of Cibinong Junior High School with 30 students in the experimental and control classes. The instruments used are a pretest and posttest on students' mathematical comprehension ability and a questionnaire on learning motivation for the experimental class students. Data are analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and t test. The results show that the increase in the of mathematical understanding ability of students studying with cabry II plus is no better than students studying with traditional learning. The learning motivation of students studying with Chili II plus software in general belongs to a medium motivation category
Penerapan Media Jejaring Sosial Edmodo untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Fisika Dasar
Authors: Astuti Siwi Puji
Published: February 2019

The teacher-centered learning in universities has been no longer inadequate and must be changed to the student-centered learning. There have been lately many easily accessible social media such as Facebook, Twitter, line, Instagram, Edmodo, and others. Those media can be used for educational purposes. The social media to be used in this research is Edmodo. The research is carried out to know the positive effect of the application of Edmodo social media on the results of basic physics learning. The research is conducted on first-year students of the 2018/2019 academic year at Universitas Indraprasta PGRI. The researcher uses a quantitative research method and a classical experimental design. The data analysis technique used is the Independent sample t-test using the SPSS 18. The research hypothesis to be tested is there is a positive effect on the application of Edmodo social media on the results of basic physics learning. The calculation results of the research have a sig value of 0.00 <0.05, indicating that there is a positive effect of the application of Edmodo social media on the results of basic physics learning. In conclusion, the results of the research show that there is a positive effect of the application of Edmodo social media on the results of basic physics learning
Rancangan Aplikasi Inventarisir Bahan Pembuat Mukena pada PT. Tatuis Bogor dengan Menggunakan Java
Authors: Marsiani Ega Shela
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the research is to provide the warehouse staff with convenience to process inventory data so that they can give fast, precise and accurate information. The research method used for the design of this application system is a Grounded Research method. After designing the system of inventory data input application, the researcher then draws a conclusion that the application using Netbeans and IReport softwares can generate more interactive appearance and provide convenience for the PT. Tatuis warehouse staff. Further, PT. Tatuis offers excellent service and produces the goods of high quality. Therefore, to make it more effective and efficient, PT. Tatuis needs a good and user-friendly data storage system to draw up the inventory of mukena fabric
Sistem Pengendali Penampungan Air dalam Rumah Tangga dengan Menggunakan Mikrokontroller AT89S51
Authors: Abdurahman Abdurahman
Published: February 2019

The automatic systems are now getting more popular. One of them is the filling system of water tank in our house. Even so, the current water tank runs automatically only for its filling system. It still uses manual system for its drainage system. In fact, the automatic filling and drainage water tank systems can be used to provide cleaner water that can be beneficial for health. The method used is looking at the working of water tank currently used to see the deficiencies in its automatic system. Then, designing and assembling a tool to get an expected result, namely the water tank system working automatically, both its filling system and drainage system. The design of this tool system uses LDR as input to run the microcontroller circuit to produce output.
Analisis Postur Kerja pada Pembuatan Rumah Boneka dengan Metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment
Authors: Mardi Tiara , Perdana Surya
Published: February 2019

PT. X is a company engaged in the manufacture of the doll house. Its various daily production processes in each work station are performed on the floor by squatting for long hours. There are seven work stations, namely pattern making, pattern cutting, pattern assembly, caulking, sanding, painting and accessory installation. The study aims to know the risk level of working posture of operators and to suggest improvements to very risky work stations. The method used in this research is Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) based on nordic questionaire on pains suffered in the back, waist, hip, right hand and foot. From the results of the collection and processing of the data, the risk of injury in an actual working system based on REBA score shows a high risk level, with the highest risk level is in caulking working station of 9 for the left side and 8 for the right side. Further, the suggested working system improvement using a chair and table results in a decrease in the risk of injury with low REBA score, the average of which is 5 for all improved work stations. It shows that the suggested working system improvement is really necessary to reduce the work risks during the doll house production.
Nutrición nitrogenada y tipo de híbrido y su influencia sobre atributos que determinan la aptitud bioenergética de sorgos
Authors: Torrecillas Marcelo Gustavo , Bertoia Luis Máximo , Jorge Rey Leandro
Published: February 2019

The use of renewable energy sources is growing worldwide and the search for alternative biomass for the production of fuel, such as ethanol, has intensified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen (N) rates on use efficiency and several attributes of the sugar and lignocellulosic biomass of four morphotypes (Hyb) of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). During two growing seasons, fermentable sugar yield (FSY), theoretical ethanol yield from fermentable sugar (EYsug), cellulosic ethanol yield (EYcel), and the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for dry matter yield (DMY) were evaluated. Significant year effects were observed for all measured traits. Nitrogen application strongly influenced all the traits measured, except soluble sugars (TSS). No significant N rate × morphotype interaction for any variable was noted. In both seasons sweet sorghum morphotypes were superior in FSY, due to higher values of soluble sugars (TSS). The 50 N rate presented the highest values in NUE. Although there were no significant differences between hybrids, the biomass yield of photosensitive types was decisive for ethanol yield prediction, both from sugars and cellulose.
Evaluación de la técnica de amplificación por recombinasa y polimerasa (RPA) para la detección de begomovirus presentes en cultivos de soja y poroto en Argentina
Authors: Reyna Pablo Gastón , Rodriguez Pardina Patricia Elsa
Published: February 2019

Traditional diagnostic methods are non-specific for begomovirus identification. At present molecular techniques are used, which require sophisticated equipment or complex procedures. The recombinase polymerase amplification technique (RPA) is similar to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sensitive and specific, but operates at constant temperature. In order to evaluate the use of this technique for the detection of begomovirus present in soybeans and beans in Argentina, specific primers were designed. They were initially tested by PCR, using clones of the different begomoviruses detected in our country and a 371 pb band was successfully amplified. RPA was carried out using the Twist AMP ® Basic Kitto test soybean, bean and weed infected samples, as well as healthy soybean and bean controls. Two conservation methods were tested: lyophilized leaves and leaves maintained at -70 ºC; and two DNA extraction methods: CTAB and crude extract grounded in OH Na 0.5M. The reaction was incubated at 37 ºC / 30 min. and at 65 ºC / 10 min. Bands of the expected size were visualized in infected samples, and not in healthy controls. There were no differences in the results due to either method of conservation or DNA extraction. RPA technique was successfully optimized for the detection of begomoviruses infecting soybean and bean crops of Argentina.
THE EFFECT OF USING HOT POTATOES APPLICATION IN TEACHING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
Authors: Anggoro Sapto Dwi , Arif Muchamad
Published: February 2019

Hot Potatoes application is one of educational software that contains exercises. The teacher can make the exercise by his own. It consists of JCloze, JQuiz, JCross, JMatch, JMix, and The Masher. Each of them has their own features. The researcher had two statements of the problem. First, he focused on how to create the teaching material using hot potatoes application. Second, he focused on how to apply the hot potatoes application in teaching descriptive text. Next, the subject of this research was the seventh grade students in one of private schools in Surabaya. The research design was descriptive qualitative. The research was conducted in three meetings. Every meeting, the students got different descriptive text
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL ANAK USIA 3-4 TAHUN MELALUI METODE BERMAIN PERAN DI PPT TUNAS PRIMA KEBRAON SURABAYA
Authors: Hardiningrum Andini , Rihlah Jauharotur
Published: February 2019

Role playing methods are how to teach carried out by the teacher by imitating the behavior of a social situation. Role playing methods place more emphasis on participation in students to play roles / plays in terms of imitating social problems. Social skills is a skill capable of being seen in action, able to search, choose and manage information, able to learn new things that can solve everyday problems, able to have communication skills both oral and written, understanding, appreciating, and being able to work together with other people who are plural, capable of transforming academic abilities and adapting to the development of society. The purpose of this study was to determine the improvement of social skills through role playing methods in children aged 3-4 years at PPT Tunas Prima Kebraon Surabaya. The research design used was Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subjects of this study were children aged 3-4 years at PPT Tunas Prima Kebraon Surabaya. The results showed the average value of social skills before the application of the role playing method (prasiklus) 54.25% and the average value of social skills after the application of the role playing method (cycle II) 86.25%, thus obtaining an increase in social skills through playing methods the role is 32%. The conclusion of this study is that there is an increase in social skills through role playing methods in children aged 3-4 years at PPT Tunas Prima Kebaon Surabaya.
“Self-sacrifice” as an accidental outcome of extreme within-group mutualism
Authors: Marie Antoine
Published: February 2019

Whitehouse [target article] makes no room for evolutionary approaches to extreme behaviors based on partner choice and mutualism, which have been convincingly invoked to make sense of ordinary morality. Extended to intergroup warfare, these evolutionary mechanisms may play a pivotal role in explaining the existence of extreme – though not functionally sacrificial – behaviors, benefiting non-kin fellow fighters, together with the distinctive phenomenology those behaviors display.
Moral rigidity as a proximate facilitator of group cohesion and combativeness
Authors: Marie Antoine
Published: February 2019

Dreu & Gross's description of the proximate mechanisms conditioning success in intergroup conflict omits humans' deep deontological moral propensities. Drawing on research on sacralization and moral objectivism, I show how “moral rigidity” may have evolved through partner selection mechanisms to foster ancestral coalitions’ cohesion and combativeness in intergroup conflict.
When does one decide how heavy an object feels while picking it up?
Authors: Plaisier Myrthe A. , Kuling Irene , Brenner Eli , Smeets Jeroen B. J.
Published: February 2019

When lifting an object, it takes time to decide how heavy it is. How does this weight judgment develop? To answer this question, we examined when visual size information has to be present to induce a size-weight illusion. We found that a short glimpse (200 ms) of size information is sufficient to induce a size-weight illusion. The illusion occurred not only if the glimpse was before the onset of lifting, but also when the object's weight could already be felt. Only glimpses that were more than 300 ms after lift-off did not influence the judged weight. This suggests that it takes about 300 ms to reach a perceptual decision about the weight.
Darknet Usage in the Illegal Wildlife Trade
Authors: Wright Joss
Published: February 2019

The darknet is a network of websites that can be accessed only via special software that hides the details of the user’s connection, and also allows websites to be hosted without revealing their location or operator. Today, large-scale darknet marketplaces exist for illegal drugs, firearms, hacking tools, stolen identity documents, and a wide variety of other illicit goods. The darknet has not, to date, proven to be a particularly attractive platform for the buying and selling of illegal wildlife products. Despite this, the darknet provides a 'marketplace of last resort' that becomes increasingly attractive over other, more accessible, online services as law enforcement and platform operators enforce policies against trading in illegal wildlife products. This makes the ongoing study of darknet markets an important avenue for research as other policies against online illegal wildlife trading emerge.
Profile of Hypertensive Retinopathy in a Tertiary Centre in Western Nepal
Authors: Pun CB , Tuladhar S
Published: February 2019

Objective: The present study was done to find out prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy among patients attending in OPD in GMC.

Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was performed among 200 hypertensive patients visiting eye OPD from Dec 2016 to Dec 2017. Detailed eye examination including fundus evaluation under mydriasis was done on all subjects and hypertensive retinopathy was graded according to Keith, Wagner and Barker classification by ophthalmologist using 90 dioptre lens. Patient having diabetes and other retinal diseases were excluded from the study. Data analysis was done using spss software.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 60.58 ±12.26 standard deviation. In our study 56.5% patients had hypertensive retinopathy. Of which 31% had grade I, 19% had grade II, 6% had grade III and 0.5% had grade IV hypertensive retinopathy. The ratio of hypertensive retinopathy among male and female was 1.7:1.

Conclusion: Hypertensive retinopathy is common among hypertensives and males are more prone to retinopathy than females.
Correlation of Ultrasound Parameters with Serum Creatinine in Renal Parenchymal Disease
Authors: Khadka H. , Shrestha B , Sharma S , Shrestha A , Regmi S , Ismail A , Thapa G , Pathak S
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common cause of renal failure. It involves a progressive loss in the structure and function of the kidneys over the course of months, with or without decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). CKD can be diagnosed by its pathological abnormalities, changes in the levels of renal function markers in the blood or urine, or by imaging investigations (E.g. USG etc).

Objectives: The purpose of our study is 1) To correlate renal echogenicity with serum creatinine in order to determine the significance of renal echogenicity for identifying the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and for the sonographic grading of CKD, 2) To study association of blood pressure, renal cortical cysts and renal size with grade of chronic renal disease.

Methods: This hospital based cross sectional study was carried out at National Kidney Centre, Banasthali Kathmandu. Two hundred patients above 20 years, diagnosed with CKD according to the guidelines of the National Kidney Foundation and referred for USG, were included in the study. Patients with kidney transplant, on dialysis, with liver disease and renal tumors were excluded. Ultrasound of kidneys was performed by senior consultant radiologist who was blind to the patients’ serum creatinine levels. The relationship between grade of CKD with serum creatinine, kidney size, blood pressure and cortical cysts were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed by Kruskal wallis test using SPSS version 17. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: Mean serum creatinine was 1.7 mg/dl for Grade 1 (range: 1.1- 4.7 mg/dl, STD 0.44), 2.38 mg/dl for Grade 2 (range: 1.8-3.9 mg/dl STD 0.40), 4.18 mg/dl for Grade 3 (range: 2.6-6.0 mg/dl, STD 0.88), and 5.65 mg/dl for Grade 4 (range: 3.1-12 mg/dl, STD 2.0.

Conclusion: Renal echogenicity and its grading correlates better with serum creatinine in CKD than other sonographic parameters. Hence, renal echogenicity is a better parameter than serum creatinine for estimating renal function in CKD, and has the added advantage of irreversibility.
Microbiology Education in Nepal
Authors: Banjara Megha Raj
Published: February 2019

No abstract available.
Diversity of Insecticidal Crystal proteins (ICPs) of indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strains
Authors: G.C. Ganga , Arjya Charu , Khadka Yamuna , Dhamala Sabina
Published: February 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to characterize the indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolated from the soil samples of central development region of Terai.

Methods: A total of 50 soil samples collected from cultivated and barren fields of Terai region. Isolation was carried out using the acetate selection protocol as described by (Russell and Al 1987) with a slight modification. The Nutrient broth (NB) was acetated by using 0.25M sodium acetate which is a selective enrichment method for isolation of Bt. Characterization of the isolate was done by phenotyping methods (microscopy and biochemical).

Results: No distinct variation was observed between the isolates of cultivable and uncultivable lands. Bt were categorized into7 different types based on colony morphology. The dominant colony was fried egg type identical with the reference strain, followed by flat white type of colony. The result showed that even though the colony morphology is same but the ICPs (Insecticidal crystal proteins) shapes produced by them vary, rod shapes (53.57%), spherical (10.71%), ovoid (8.3%), amorphous (17.85%), capheaded (9.5%). ICPs morphology reveal the cry1, cry2, cry3, cry4, cry8, cry 9, cry10 and cry11 types of gene may be present in the native isolates.

Conclusion: This study represents the first report of several indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strains with significantly different ICPs producing stains from hot tropical climate.
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Wound Infections
Authors: Shrestha Jyoti , Prajapati Krishan Govinda , Panta Om Prakash , Poudel Pramod , Khanal Santosh
Published: February 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates from wound infections.

Methods: A total of 706 wound specimens including pus and wound swab were analyzed in the laboratory of B and B Hospital, Lalitpur from May to October 2014. The specimens were cultured on Blood Agar and Mannitol Salt Agar plates and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Strains resistant to cefoxitin (30mcg) with inhibition zone ≤ 21mm were identified as MRSA.

Results: Out of 366 bacterial isolates, 90 (24.6%) were S. aureus and among them 16.7% were MRSA and 54.4% multi-drug resistant (MDR). All isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and most of the isolates were sensitive to cefoxitin (83.3%). High rate of resistance was observed towards penicillin (98.9%) and ampicillin (86.7%). All MRSA isolates and 52.9% of methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) were MDR.

Conclusion: MRSA incidence is increasing in the population, and therapeutic measures are few and accompanied by diverse side effects. It is noteworthy to state that vancomycin is still the first line drug although vancomycin-resistant strains have been reported.
In vitro Antibacterial Effect of Medicinal Plants Against Multidrug Resistant Gram Negative Bacteria
Authors: Thapa Bishnu , Singh Anjana , Tuladhar Reshma
Published: February 2019

Objectives: The aim of this work was to determine the antibacterial activity of methanol extract of herbal plants against the Multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram negative bacteria isolated from clinical samples.

Methods: Gram negative bacteria isolated from various clinical samples were processed for antibiotic susceptibility test by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and MDR bacteria were selected. Methanol extracts of six different medicinal plants Acorus calamus (bojho), Ocimum sanctum (tulsi), Azadirachta indica (neem), Cinnamomum tamala (tejpatta), Aloe vera and Zanthoxylum alatum (timur), were tested for antibacterial activity against the selected MDR bacteria by agar well diffusion method.

Results: From clinical samples, 8 different MDR Gram negative bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter spp., Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp. with E. coli dominated the number. Out of six medicinal plants extracts, Z. alatum, C. tamala and Ocimum sanctum were found to be effective with zones of inhibition ranging from 9-13 mm. The medicinal plants with antibacterial activity can be an alternative source of medicine against MDR Gram negative bacteria.

Conclusion: Several herbal plants extracts exhibit antibacterial activity against MDR Gram negative bacteria. Antibacterial activity of plant extracts can vary with type of plant and extraction methods. Thus, for optimal benefit of plant extract, an appropriate extraction method and use of purified product is essential.
Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Public Transportation of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Angbuhang Kkadga Bikram , Neupane Mukesh , Adhikari Aditya , KC Binita , Jha Sabina
Published: February 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess microbial load and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from surfaces of public transport vehicle.

Methods: The surfaces of public transport vehicle were sampled by swabbing. A total of 56 samples from 28 different vehicles operating in Kathmandu valley were collected and processed according to the standard methodology. The isolates were identified by culture, biochemical tests and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method following CLSI 2013 guidelines. Methicillin resistant species of Staphylococcus were detected by the virtue of cefoxitin resistance.

Results: All 56 samples from the 28 different vehicles were found to have bacterial growth with average bacterial load of 2.47±1.22 x 105 CFU/cm2. The gas vehicles were found to be the most contaminated. Out of 56 samples, 35 (25.9%) were found to be S. aureus growth positive 11 (31.4%) of them being MRSA.

Conclusion: The high flow of people with different health conditions in public transport makes the exchange of microorganism more significant. High bacterial load along with MRSA indicates the threats of transmission of infection among travellers. This is of a great public health concern as the mass population of different health condition is in direct exposure and is prone to get infected.
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Prevalence and Antibiogram in Various Clinical Specimens at Alka Hospital
Authors: Shahi Kushal , Rijal Komal Raj , Adhikari Nabaraj , Shrestha Upendra Thapa , Banjara Megha Raj , Sharma Vijay K. , Ghimire Prakash
Published: February 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to study the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from clinical specimen.

Methods: During the study period (April-September, 2013), 754 various clinical samples collected from patients visiting at Alka Hospital were cultured for isolation of S. aureus. The isolates were characterized as S. aureus by their morphology on Gram staining, growth characteristics and coagulase production. Screening of methicillinresistant S. aureus was determined using cefoxitin disk as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute. The diameter of the zone of inhibition was measured and interpretation was done in accordance with the CLSI guidelines. An isolate was considered to be a MRSA strain if cefoxitin inhibition zone diameter was < 22 mm. All isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion methods.

Results: Total 109 (14.46%) isolates were confirmed as S. aureus and 36 (33.02%) S. aureus isolates of them were screened as methicillin resistant S. aureus. Maximum percentage (63.9%) of methicillin resistant S. aureus strains were comprised of pus specimens. Highest percentage (47.6%) of MRSA was isolated from the age group of above 60 years. Maximum percentage of MRSA strain was detected in admitted patients which accounts for 63.9% of total MRSA. Majority of MRSA isolates were observed to be multidrug resistant. All 36 isolates of MRSA showed that vancomycin, a reserved drug for the multidrug resistant MRSA found to be 100% sensitive. Beside vancomycin, ceftriaxone (83.3%) found to be most sensitive drug for the MRSA isolates.

Conclusion: The emergence of drug resistance and its dissemination in MRSA is worrisome. So we need to develop newer agents as well as slow down the spread of resistant strains by various control measures.
El camino hacia la luz láser
Authors: Ibarra Villalón H.E. , Pottiez O. , Gómez Vieyra A.
Published: February 2019

The present work is a review of the chronological development of the laser invention, starting from the theoretical proposal of stimulatedemission to the invention of the first laser device. We present the most relevant research papers and discuss the difficulties that had to be faced, including the disputes that occurred at the time of registering the laser patent. Besides, the theoretical principles that make possible the emission of the laser are studied, describing the population inversion in a system of three levels of energy from a mathematical model and the architecture that must have a laser linear cavity.
Electrones y huecos: perspectivas en torno al debate sobre el realismo científico
Authors: Guzmán R.
Published: February 2019

El par electrón-hueco que surge de la teoría de semiconductores presenta un reto al usarlo como caso histórico para abordar el debate en torno al realismo científico. En este artículo presentamos y defendemos nuestra posición sobre el estatus de ese par de partículas, atendiendo a la paradoja que presentan como entidades similares desde su descripción teórica, pero profundamente diferentes desde su estatus ontológico. Para esto nos aproximamos al problema desde la perspectiva de un realismo moderado sustentado en un realismo estructural y auxiliado por conceptos en torno a la emergencia de propiedades y a la acción y puesta en operación de las entidades teóricas.
Principles of operation of a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser and 3D mapping of ultra-short pulses
Authors: Ibarra-Villalón H.E. , Pottiez O. , Bracamontes-Rodriguez Y.E. , Lauterio-Cruz J.P. , Gomez-Vieyra A.
Published: February 2019

In this article, we study the operation and basic elements in a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser (PML-FRL), emphasizing the saturable absorber (SA) effect seen as a nonlinear filter in transmission, which is produced by the non-linear polarization rotation (NPR) and a linear polarizer. Besides, we employ a technique of 3D mapping measurements for characterizing ultra-short pulse dynamics.
Conservación de invariantes de la ecuación de Schrödinger no lineal por el método LDG
Authors: Castillo P. E. , Gómez S. A.
Published: February 2019

Conservation of the energy and the Hamiltonian of a general non linear Schr¨odinger equation is analyzed for the finite element method “Local Discontinuous Galerkin” spatial discretization. Conservation of the discrete analogue of these quantities is also proved for the fully discrete problem using the modified Crank-Nicolson method as time marching scheme. The theoretical results are validated on a series of problemsfor different nonlinear potentials.
Vibrational behaviors studied through experiments and simulations using free licensing cross-platform software
Authors: Torres J. A. , Naranjo F. J. , Torres D. T. , Quiroz J.
Published: February 2019

Free licensing software for numerical simulations, mathematics, and spectral analysis were used to explain the vibrations of a system readily available for each student in a classroom: the free beam. Its first free mode was explored analytically and experimentally, as well as using the finite element method. Prior to the course, students were unfamiliar with the usefulness of this kind of software, but after the course the students still use it. To show it, practical cases of students applying these computational tools were included at the end of this paper: a thesis about violin making, and final projects from a course in a master’s degree program. Therefore, it is evident the advantage of supporting explanations in classroom with computational tools accessible for all, and this paper can be used as tutorial for this purpose
Student Experiences in Practice-Based Small Animal Clerkships
Authors: Mandese Wendy , Feng Xiaoying , Behar-Horenstein Linda
Published: February 2019

Practice-based clerkships provide a way for students to experience the types of cases, clients, and procedures that they can expect to see in a general practice setting. These clerkships are typically quite different from those offered in teaching hospitals. Forty-seven (65.28%) of the 72 invited veterinary medicine students from three cohorts participated in pre- and post-test surveys designed to compare their expectations to their actual experiences. Students reported significant positive changes in terms of adequate supervision, approachability of practitioner, and comfort level when asking questions, as well as seeing different cases than they see at the teaching hospital. Students reported significant negative changes in terms of their ability to interact with clients as much as they expected with respect to the practice of communication skills, history-taking skills, preventative therapy discussions with clients, and treatment. These findings were supported by written survey comments regarding the most and least helpful portions of the clerkship. We suggest further research to study student experiences over time and to survey practitioners before and following placement with veterinary students; the aim would be to obtain more information about the expectations and success of practice-based clerkships.
FARINHA DE CARNE E OSSOS E ADUBAÇÃO DE COBERTURA NA PRODUTIVIDADE DE CAPIM MOMBAÇA
Authors: Leite Rubson da Costa , Silva Rubens Ribeiro da , Leite Robson da Costa , Carneiro Jefferson Santana da Silva , Faria Álvaro José Gomes de , Freitas Gilson Araújo de
Published: February 2019

Apesar do resíduo de frigorífico ser abundante em nutrientes, em especial elevado teor de fósforo da farinha de carne e ossos, faz necessário a avaliação desse produto em comparação a outras fontes comerciais. Objetivou-se avaliar componentes de produção e produtividade do capim Mombaça em função de diferentes fontes fosfatadas e ausência de adubação de cobertura. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os 36 tratamentos foram obtidos numa combinação fatorial (3x6x2), sendo três fontes de fertilizantes fosfatados (Superfosfato simples, Basifós e Farinha de carne e osso) e seis doses de adubação fosfatada (0; 35; 70; 140; 210; 280) kg ha-1 de P2O5 e a aplicação ou não da adubação de cobertura de nitrogênio e potássio (100 kg de ureia; 60 kg de cloreto de potássio e 0 kg ha-1 de adubação de cobertura). Foram avaliados altura de plantas, perfilhamento e massa seca da parte aérea do capim Mombaça. A fonte alternativa farinha de carne e ossos promoveu acréscimo na altura de plantas, número de perfilhos e massa de forragem em capim Mombaça, mesmo quando comparada com diferentes fontes comerciais.Palavras-chave: adubação, resíduos de frigorífico, Panicum maximum. MEAT AND BONE MEAL AND COVER FERTILIZATION ON MOMBASA GRASS PRODUCTIVITY ABSTRACT: Although the refrigerator residue is abundant in nutrients, in particular high phosphorus content of meat and bone meal, it is necessary to evaluate this product in comparison to other commercial sources. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and productivity components of the Mombasa grass as a function of different phosphate sources and absence of cover fertilization. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The 36 treatments were obtained in a factorial combination (3x6x2), with three sources of phosphate fertilizers (Superphosphate simple, Basifós and Meat and bone meal) and six doses of phosphate fertilization (0; 35; 70; 140; 210; 280) kg ha-1 of P2O5 and the application or not of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (100 kg of urea, 60 kg of potassium chloride and 0 kg ha-1 of cover fertilization). Plant height, tillering and dry mass of the aerial part of the Mombasa grass were evaluated. The alternative source of meat and bone meal promoted an increase in plant height, number of tillers and forage mass in Mombasa grass, even when compared to different commercial sources.Keywords: fertilizer, slaughterhouse waste, Panicum maximum.
PERDAS DE SOLO E DE ÁGUA EM DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE MANEJO EM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO
Authors: Santos Stanley Vaz dos , Ferreira Eva de Melo , Griebeler Nori Paulo , Leandro Wilson Mozena
Published: February 2019

O objetivo foi comparar as perdas de água e solo em diferentes sistemas de manejo, bem como determinar parâmetros de clima e de solo que possam estar associados a essas perdas e estimar perdas de solo por meio de modelos matemáticos. A área experimental consiste em 10 parcelas de 20 m2 (10 × 2 m), das quais nove foram trabalhadas inicialmente no sistema de plantio direto (SPD) e uma utilizada no sistema convencional (CO). Nestes moldes foram quantificadas as perdas de solo e água em diferentes safras. No final do segundo ano, das parcelas com SPD, cinco foram mantidas neste sistema, duas foram revolvidas na profundidade de 25 cm e reiniciadas no SPD e, em duas foi utilizado o sistema CO. Antes da utilização como sistema convencional, a parcela CO possuía plantio direto. Nas três safras estudadas o percentual infiltrado foi superior a 93% para o SPD e a 71% para o CO, considerando apenas as chuvas que propiciaram escoamento. As médias das perdas de solo na segunda safra foram de 2,27; 2,51; 14.61; e 14,79 t ha-1 e, de água, de 3,07; 5,51; 14,04; e 10,80 %, respectivamente para os sistemas de manejo SPD, CO e PDI.Palavras-chave: erosão hídrica, modelos de predição, erosividade. SOIL AND WATER LOSSES IN DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN RED LATOSOL ABSTRACT: The objective was to compare soil and water losses in different management systems, as well as determine soil and climate parameters that could be associated with these losses and estimate soil losses through mathematical models. The experimental area consists of 10 plots of 20 m2 (10 × 2 m), of which nine were initially worked in the no-tillage system (SPD) and one in the conventional system (CO). Soils and water losses in different crops were quantified in these models. At the end of the second year, of the plots with SPD, five were kept in this system, two were revolved at 25 cm depth and restarted in the SPD and in two the CO system was used. Prior to use as a conventional system, the CO plot had no-tillage. In the three harvests studied, the percentage infiltrated was greater than 93% for the SPD and 71% for the CO, considering only the rains that caused the runoff. The average soil loss in the second harvest was 2.27; 2.51; 14.61; and 14.79 t ha-1 and, by water, 3.07; 5.51; 14.04; and 10.80%, respectively for the SPD, CO and PDI management systems.Keywords: hydric erosion, models of prediction, erosivity.
EFEITOS DA CITOCININA BENZILAMINOPURINA NA ESTAQUIA DA PITAIA
Authors: Cruvinel Fábio Ferreira , Vasconcellos Marco Antonio da Silva , Martelleto Luiz Aurélio Perez
Published: February 2019

O interesse na fruta pitaia tem crescido nos últimos 20 anos e estudos sobre a propagação e uso de fitorreguladores nesta cultura são incipientes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o efeito da aplicação de 6-Benziloaminopurina (BAP) na estaquia da pitaia. O experimento foi conduzido na Casa de Vegetação de Propagação do Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Em delineamento fatorial inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com 2 formas de inoculação (imersão e Aplicação em corte no ápice da estaca) e 4 doses de BAP (0,50,100 e 150 mg L-1). Foram avaliados os dados de Sobrevivência (S), o Número de brotações Emitidas (NB), a Soma do Comprimento das Brotações (CB), a Massa Fresca (MFB) e Seca das Brotações (MSB) aos 100 dias após o plantio das estacas (DAP) e o efeito na Rebrota aos 200 dias (DAP). Houve sobrevivência de 100%. Verificou-se um padrão linear crescente no incremento de NB por dose de BAP, e um padrão quadrático para as avaliações de CB, MFB e MSB com ponto máximo de 80 mg L-1 de BAP. Nenhum efeito significativo foi observado nos dados da Rebrota.Palavras-chave: Hylocereus undatus, propagação, citocinina. EFFECTS OF CYTOKININ BENZYLAMINOPURINE IN PITAYA CUTTINGS ABSTRACT: The interest in the pitaya has grown in the last 20 years and studies on the dragon fruit propagation and use of phytorregulators are incipient. This work aimed to study the effect of application of 6-Benzyloaminopurine (BAP) on pitaya cuttings. The experiment was conducted at the Propagation Vegetation House of the Crop Science Department of the Federal Rural of Rio de Janeiro University. In completely randomized factorial design (DIC) with 2 forms of inoculation (immersion and Application in cut at the apex of the stakes) and 4 doses of BAP (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg L-1). The data of Survival (S), Number of sprouted shoots (NB), Sprouting length (CB), Fresh mass (MFB) and Sprout drying (MSB) were evaluated at 100 days after planting the cuttings (DAP) and the effect on regrowth (Rebrota) at 200 days (DAP). There was 100% survival. There was a linear pattern in the increase of NB per dose of BAP, and a quadratic pattern for the evaluations of CB, MFB and MSB with maximum point of 80mg L-1 of BAP. No significant effect was observed in the data from regrowth.Keywords: Hylocereus undatus, propagation, cytokinin.
EFEITO DA RADIAÇÃO ULTRAVIOLETA C NA QUALIDADE E ARMAZENAMENTO PÓS-COLHEITA DE PEQUI
Authors: Almeida Renato Rosa , Caetano Lucas Rodrigues , Almeida Verediana Fiorentin Rosa , Nascimento Lucas Marquezan , Campos André José
Published: February 2019

O pequi é considerado espécie de grande interesse econômico, com grande potencial de expansão na culinária brasileira. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da radiação UV-C na qualidade e longevidade pós-colheita dos caroços de pequi in natura. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4x4, análises destrutivas, e 4x6, análises não destrutivas, (tempo de radiação x dias), 4 repetições e 5 caroços por embalagem de cloreto de polivinila + poliestireno expandido. Os tratamentos foram expostos à radiação UV-C, com amplitude de onda medindo 254ƞm, sendo: 0 (controle), 2, 4 e 8 minutos, mantidos a 10±1°C e umidade relativa de 85±5%, sendo realizadas análises não destrutivas, como: perda de massa e conservação pós-colheita, por um período de 15 e 18 dias. As análises destrutivas como: Cor: L*, croma e °hue, acidez titulável (AT), sólidos solúveis (SS), índice de maturação (SS/AT) e pH, avaliadas por 9 dias. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância (p≤0,05) e regressão, quando significativos. A exposição à radiação UV-C por 4 e 8 minutos manteve a qualidade do pequi por até 18 dias, tornando-se menos susceptível a deterioração e escurecimento, além de apresentar uma tonalidade de cor mais atrativa, e menos ácida.Palavras-chave: Caryocar brasiliense Camb., vida de prateleira, conservação, cerrado. EFFECT OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION ON QUALITY AND POSTHARVEST STORAGE OF PEQUI ABSTRACT: The pequi is considered species of great economic interest, with great potential for expansion in brazilian cuisine. Therefore, the objective of evaluating the effect of UV-C radiation on quality and postharvest longevity of seeds of pequi in natura. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in factorial scheme 4x4, destructive analyses, and 4x6, non-destructive analyses (time of radiation x days), 4 reps and 5 seeds per pack of polyvinyl chloride + polystyrene expanded. The treatments were exposed to UV-C radiation with wave amplitude measuring 254ƞm: 0 (control), 2, 4 and 8 minutes, kept at 10 ± 1°C and relative humidity of 85 ± 5%, being carried out, as non-destructive analyses: loss of mass and postharvest conservation, by a period of 15 and 18 days. The destructive analysis as: color: L*, chroma and °hue, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), maturation index (SS/TA) and pH, evaluated for 9 days. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (p≤0.05) and when significant regression. The UV-C radiation exposure for 4 and 8 minutes kept the quality of pequi for up to 18 days, becoming less susceptible to deterioration and dimming, in addition to presenting a more attractive color tone, and less acidic.Keywords: Caryocar brasiliense Camb., shelf life, conservation, cerrado.
DINÂMICA DA ACUMULAÇÃO DE FITOMASSA E NUTRIENTES NA SERAPILHEIRA SOB PLANTIOS CLONAIS DE EUCALIPTO
Authors: Vargas Giovanno Radel de , Bianchin Jonas Eduardo , Blum Hilbert , Wagner Wilson
Published: February 2019

O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi estimar a quantidade de fitomassa e nutrientes estocada na serapilheira acumulada e taxas de decomposição da serapilheira acumulada ao longo do ano em plantios com diferentes materiais genéticos de eucalipto, em áreas submetidas ou não ao desbaste florestal. O trabalho foi conduzido em Itatinga-SP. O experimento foi um delineamento de parcelas subdivididas. As parcelas foram compostas por 8 clones e um plantio semental, sendo subparcelas áreas em que foi realizado o desbaste e áreas sem desbaste. Para estimativa da serapilheira acumulada foram realizadas coletas em cada estação do ano, entre junho de 2015 e março de 2016. Após as avaliações concluiu-se que existiu um padrão de acúmulo de serapilheira associado às estações, com maiores valores na primavera e verão. A fração folhas foi a mais representativa quanto à quantidade de serapilheira acumulada no solo. Os valores de acúmulo total de serapilheira variaram pouco entre os materiais genéticos avaliados.  A decomposição foi ligeiramente maior nas áreas desbastadas comparativamente às áreas sem desbaste. A sequência decrescente dos teores nas frações foi: Folhas > Galhos > Casca > Órgãos reprodutivos > Outros materiais. Quanto aos elementos a sequência foi: N > Ca > Mg > K > P.Palavras-chave: biogeoquímica florestal, serapilheira acumulada, desbaste, decomposição. DYNAMICS OF LITTER STOCK AND NUTRIENTS UNDER CLONAL EUCALYPTUS PLANTATIONS  ABSTRACT: The objectives of this work were: to estimate the amount of phytomass and nutrients stored in the accumulated litter; to evaluate the seasonal variability of the amount of phytomass and nutrients in the accumulated litter and to estimate the decomposition rates of accumulated litter throughout the year. The work was conducted in Itatinga-SP. The experiment was an outline of subdivided plots. The plots were composed of 8 clones and one stallion planting, being subplots areas where thinning and non - roughing areas were performed. In order to estimate the accumulated litter, collections were made in each season of the year, between June 2015 and June 2016. After the evaluations it was concluded that there was a pattern of litter accumulation associated with the seasons, with higher values in spring and summer. The most representative leaf fraction was the amount of litter accumulated on the soil. Values of total litter accumulation were close between genetic materials. The decomposition was slightly higher in the thinned areas compared to the thinned areas. The decreasing sequence of the contents in the fractions was: Leaves> Branches> Bark> Other materials> Vegetable remains. As for the elements the sequence was: N> Ca> Mg> K> P.Keywords: forest biogeochemistry, litter stock, thinning, decomposition.