bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educación Virtual en los postgrados de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Jurídicas de la UNAN-Managua
Authors: López Tórrez Angela , López Herández Ledyth
Published: October 2017

Debido al avance tecnológico en el campo de la educación, se hace estrictamente necesario, que los estudiantes de postgrado de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Jurídicas, tengan un acercamiento adecuado al uso de las tecnologías de entornos virtuales de aprendizaje, las cuales constituyen un aporte muy significativo para el mejoramiento de la calidad educativa.  En la actualidad se enfrentan muchas limitantes en cuanto al uso de estos recursos tecnológicos educativos y se está trabajando en miras del fortalecimiento del área de informática y en la elaboración de planes de capacitaciones para el personal docente y estudiantes, con el fin de ir superando paulatinamente estas debilidades y lograr un mayor desarrollo en la virtualización de la educación en los estudios de postgrado.  En vista de lo anterior, la Facultad considera como prioritario la  implementar de un modelo de capacitación que posteriormente se aplique tanto a docentes como a estudiantes de los postgrados que se imparten actualmente en la Facultad. Previo a la implementación de estas capacitaciones es recomendable que la Facultad adquiera equipamiento informático y recursos humanos que vengan a fortalecer la Unidad TIC y de esta forma poner a disposición de los participantes de posgrado, los medios y las herramientas necesarias para que puedan tener acceso a estas aplicaciones virtuales y se les pueda brindar el soporte técnico necesaria a los usuarios.  Existe seguridad en expresar que el trabajo constante en esta línea, pronto se materializará  en un mayor grado de desarrollo en la creación y uso de entornos virtuales de enseñanza aprendizaje.
Factores de riesgo de recurrencia de hernias inguinales
Authors: Vega Blanco Roger , Rodríguez Lara Francisco , Putoy Muñoz Marlon
Published: October 2017

Analizar factores relacionados con recurrencia de  hernias Inguinal en  Hospital Humberto Alvarado Vásquez.  Pacientes y Método: Estudio de Casos y Controles. Periodo Enero 2003 - Diciembre 2010, se efectuaron 805 hernioplastias; 57  casos recurrieron,  controles 114 asignados al azar. Criterios de exclusión: menor de 15 años, cirugía de urgencia. El análisis estadístico aplicado, pruebas de Chi cuadrado, ANOVA, y razón de probabilidades (OR) con intervalos de confianza del 95%.  Resultados: Factores asociados a recurrencia hernia: sexo masculino (p=0.03), mayor de 65 años (p=0.007), obesidad (p=0.0006). Según clasificación de Bendavid los tipos de hernias predominantes en casos T1S3D3 y T2S3D3. La técnica quirúrgica más utilizada en casos fue Bassini OR: 2.68 (1.26-5.72; p=0.005). Se evidenció que las técnicas de Shouldice (p=0.007) y hernioplastia con malla (p=0.0001) constituyen un factor protector. Asimismo hubo una relación significativa de casos con uso nylon 2-0   (p=000.2). El promedio tiempo quirúrgico 50.63 (±26.8) en casos y 41.86(±19.5) en controles. La media tiempo de aparición de recurrencia 2 años (±1.02).  Conclusiones: Factores de riesgo de recurrencia: masculino, >65 años, obesidad, técnica quirúrgica Bassini y MacVay; factores protectores técnicas de Shouldice y Hernioplastia con malla. Utilizar siempre hilo monofilamento no absorbible
Análisis proximal de granos de arroz, frijol, maíz y café comercializados en el mercado Roberto Huembes de Managua
Authors: Miranda Calero Samantha , Esquivel Quezada Jorge , Ruíz Urbina Juan , Rivers Carcache Ena
Published: October 2017

Se realizó el análisis proximal de los granos básicos: arroz, frijol, maíz, así como del producto primario: café, comercializados en el mercado Roberto Huembes de Managua durante época de verano, a fin de obtener información sobre su composición nutricional. Las pruebas realizadas fueron: porcentaje de humedad, cenizas, proteínas y grasas. Los resultados mostraron diferencias entre los valores obtenidos y los valores de referencias a nivel de Centro América. El frijol distribuido presenta un alto contenido de proteínas (23.87%), al igual que el maíz (8.80%) y el café (14.55%), sin embargo el porcentaje de grasa es variante para cada grano aunque en el maíz y el café los valores son inferiores a las referencias internacionales (6.58% y 10.03%, respectivamente). En el caso particular del arroz se determinó que la variedad estudiada presenta una composición inferior a los parámetros establecidos
Exploiting the values of negative feedback from students' reflections as an innovative approach for pedagogical professional development
Authors: Nguyễn Duy Khang
Published: October 2017

This paper investigates how the values of negative feedback from students’reflections should be exploited and utilized as an approach of pedagogical development. It was extracted as a step of the 3-year-action-research circles with an empirical study using the data collected from 96 cases of students’ reflections in a university of Poland for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Regardless the limitation of the diversity of the research tools and types of data, the study found the noticeable lessons through the process of problematizing the significant learning. The data was framed from the negative awareness at the wording and surface levels for quantitative descriptive and then these signals were directed to locate the messages holding the negative signals for qualitative analysis. Eight groups of codes were categorized using Atlas.ti from 172 quotations, extracted from 140 extracts of 96 cases of students’ reflections. The findings show that the negative signals are important to the teacher’s modifications and actions to alternate the future plans and teaching. In addition, seven problems were also generated from analyzing the quotations using this design. The attempts to fix these problems would facilitate the teachers to improve the skills of teaching and quality of the course. A different way of looking at students’ negative signals of this paper could be seen as an innovative approach to pedagogical development in comparison to the common usage of feedback itself which has been exploited divergently in education.
Communicating between the hearing and the deaf. in search for innovative solutions
Authors: Majkowski Grzegorz
Published: October 2017

Democratization of social life in Poland after political transformation of 1989 meant that people with disabilities, including the deaf began to participate in social life actively and demand the ability to use full rights of citizenship. Active presence in the public space requires a constant, uninterrupted communication. In order to improve communication it is necessary to teach the hearing ways to communicate they use to encourage the deaf and the hearing to acquire these skills.
First of all, the so-called linguistic-sign system (SJM), which uses visual-spatial channel to communicate, is used for communication. Polish Sign Language (PJM) became an innovation in search for better communication between the hearing and the deaf since the first years of the 21st century. Dissemination of the Polish Sign Language (PJM) and teaching this language to the hearing gives more opportunities to communicate the deaf with the hearing. Skills of using Polish sign language are essential in everyday public life interactions in institutions of public administration and health services or places of culture.
Phased approach to information competence formation of future teachers of visually impaired
Authors: Fedorenko Myroslav Igorovych , Horokhov Serhii Victorovytch
Published: October 2017

The article deals with a phased approach to the development of information competence of future teachers of visually impaired, which was implemented in teaching students of "Special education (pedagogy for the blind)." General pedagogical and special literature about the introduction of the latest computer technologies in educational process of secondary and higher education was analyzed, as well as the level of development of this in Ukraine. The interpretation of the concepts of "computer training", "information and computer competence of tiflopedagog" and "readiness to use the latest computer technology by future teachers" was high lighted.
The content of training in computer technology was identified and justified for the future teachers of visually impaired, which is a system of information and disciplines of computer sphere, associated with the study of the multifaceted phenomenon of information technologies, as well as the patterns and characteristics of its manifestations in various spheres of professional work of teachers of visually impaired. The efficiency of a phased approach is shown on training of students of the Faculty of Correctional Pedagogy and Psychology of National Pedagogic University named after N.P. Dragomanov.
Ways of formation spatial semantic-symbolic knowledge system of children with moderate and severe mental retardation
Authors: Kamenshchuk Tetyana
Published: October 2017

The article is dedicated to the problem of formation of spatial semantic-symbolic knowledge system of children with moderate and severe mental retardation. The peculiarities of assimilation spatial semantic-symbolic knowledge system (henceforth we use abbreviation: spatial semantic-symbolic knowledge system - SSSKS) children with moderate to severe mental retardation (henceforth we use abbreviation: moderate to severe mental retardation - MSMR) based on the review of general and special pedagogical, psychological and methodological literature, analysis of practices are revealed in the article. The described principles formed the basis of educational and correctional programs. As the level of cognitive capabilities children with MSMR (8-12 years) approximately is such as the level of preschool children with typical development and potentials for assimilation of knowledge we proposed a brief analysis of Ukrainian software development of preschool children. The study of spatial sequence of signs and symbols and their themes is identified in the article. According to the results of this work the indicative model is identified which reflects the levels of difficulty of signs and symbols and offered to study at each age period, the skills and knowledge are given.
Alcohol in the lives of students in Poland and Ukraine - research report
Authors: Kempińska Urszula , Rudenko Mykola
Published: October 2017

Alcoholism is a disease that attacks regardless of age, religion, nationality, sex, level of education, mental health, family situation, socio-economic status or character. Research on students' attitudes towards alcohol was carried out in Poland and Ukraine, in the countries where there is widespread positive feedback on its effects. In wide social circles put to the survey, alcohol consumption is a tradition taking place during different celebrations or almost every meeting. In addition, the use of alcohol means a quick drink up of large quantities of strong alcoholic drinks. This way of drinking does not function as a symbol of the meeting or its background, but becomes the center and the main reason. Alcohol used by teens generally does not cause surprise or concern. Many communities treat alcohol drunk in childhood, as natural and inevitable. It sometimes happens that young people and even children receive the first can of beer or a glass of champagne from the hands of their own parents. Until recently, public awareness of the phenomenon of using psychoactive substances has related to the margin of society, people from the so-called pathological and criminal environments. A little later there were reports that the alcohol and other drugs are in the range of interests of adolescents, coming from "good homes" and having good future prospects. The aim of the study was to investigate the attitudes of Polish and Ukrainian students towards alcohol. The main problem of the research focused on the question: Is there a difference in the attitudes of young people towards alcohol because of the country of origin? Research shows that among the students there is a problem of alcohol abuse. We must therefore start to implement effectively, not just "on paper", alcohol prevention programs already in primary schools.
Contrastive study of the trend of metamorphosis of political activism using theatre in the twentieth and twenty-first century
Authors: Joseph Waliya Yohanna
Published: October 2017

Ever since antiquities, theatre has been a medium of provoking sentimental reaction and an entertainment of the populace especially the elite. Authors of this genre do present active noble characters in their works making as if it is real. We do learn in Greco-Roman Empire how amphitheatre hosted Caesars, their officials and empiric subjects watching the gladiators and the persecuted Christians in the medieval era. Fifty years of cinema and the television as well as the new media have changed the mind-set of the global community towards life in general to form a unique interconnected universal cultural chains. In this research, we would like to use political activism theories called pluralist theories of Norris Pippa as critical lens to analyse the trend of political activism in the modern theatre of the early 21st century in comparison to that of the 20th century which led to violent revolutionary movements.
Pulmonary Pathologic Manifestations of Anti-Alanyl-tRNA Synthetase (Anti–PL-12)–Related Inflammatory Myopathy
Authors: Schneider Frank , Yousem Samuel A. , Oddis Chester V. , Aggarwal Rohit
Published: October 2017

Context.—

Patients with anti–aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase syndrome (ARS), a subset of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, have a high prevalence of lung involvement. Autoantibodies directed against alanyl-tRNA synthetase (anti–PL-12 Abs) represent 1 of the 8 autoantibodies currently described under the rubric of ARS.

Objective.—

To describe the clinical, radiographic, and pulmonary histopathologic findings in patients possessing anti–PL-12 autoantibodies.

Design.—

Patients with anti–PL-12 ARS were identified in the University of Pittsburgh Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy registry. Lung biopsies from 10 patients and lung explants from 2 patients with anti–PL-12 ARS were reviewed, together with chest computed tomography and clinical records.

Results.—

Patients primarily presented with dyspnea and variable combinations of cough, fever, mechanic's hands, Raynaud phenomenon, and skin and muscle involvement. Chest computed tomography most commonly showed lower lung zone-predominant reticular infiltrates and traction bronchiectasis, with or without honeycomb change. Surgical lung biopsies and pneumonectomies for lung transplantation revealed usual interstitial pneumonia in 8 of 12 cases (67%), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia in 2 of 12 cases (17%), and organizing pneumonia in 2 of 12 cases (17%). Lymphoplasmacytic interstitial inflammation with lymphoid aggregates was common.

Conclusions.—

Lung disease is often the first manifestation of anti–PL-12 ARS. There are no pathognomonic histopathologic features to distinguish anti–PL-12 ARS-related lung disease from idiopathic variants of diffuse interstitial lung disease. Increased inflammation, lymphoid aggregates, and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia–like areas in a biopsy, as well as clinical features of mechanic's hands, Raynaud phenomenon, arthritis, and fever, should prompt pathologists to suggest involvement by ARS.
Cloud Clock
Authors: Markworth Kimberly A.
Published: October 2017

The analog clock is a rich source of tasks associated with angles and angle measures. The Cloud Clock problem is an opportunity for students to deepen their understanding of analog clocks, angles, and time and angle measurement.
La tercera generación de regulaciones de la educación superior a distancia en América Latina
Authors: Rama Claudio
Published: October 2017

El presente artículo constituye un análisis comparativo de las nuevas normativas de regulación de la educación superior a distancia en América Latina, desarrolladas desde el año 2010, en el cual se destacan especialmente las de Ecuador, Argentina, Perú, Brasil, Paraguay, Costa Rica y El Salvador. El trabajo propende a evaluar las tendencias generales de evolución de los marcos normativos a distancia, mostrando las dualidades de avances y retrocesos, e identificando la nueva inclusión de ofertas 100 % virtuales y de sistemas más flexibles en su gestión. El artículo busca identificar los ejes comunes y diferenciadores de estas normativas de tercera generación y asociado a ello de la diferenciación de sus sistemas de educación superior y realiza una clasificación de las fases de las normativas de la educación a distancia en la región.
Activation of the NRF2 antioxidant program generates an imbalance in central carbon metabolism in cancer
Authors: Sayin Volkan I , LeBoeuf Sarah E , Singh Simranjit X , Davidson Shawn M , Biancur Douglas , Guzelhan Betul S , Alvarez Samantha W , Wu Warren L , Karakousi Triantafyllia R , Zavitsanou Anastasia Maria , Ubriaco Julian , Muir Alexander , Karagiannis Dimitris , Morris Patrick J , Thomas Craig J , Possemato Richard , Vander Heiden Matthew G , Papagiannakopoulos Thales
Published: October 2017

During tumorigenesis, the high metabolic demand of cancer cells results in increased production of reactive oxygen species. To maintain oxidative homeostasis, tumor cells increase their antioxidant production through hyperactivation of the NRF2 pathway, which promotes tumor cell growth. Despite the extensive characterization of NRF2-driven metabolic rewiring, little is known about the metabolic liabilities generated by this reprogramming. Here, we show that activation of NRF2, in either mouse or human cancer cells, leads to increased dependency on exogenous glutamine through increased consumption of glutamate for glutathione synthesis and glutamate secretion by xc- antiporter system. Together, this limits glutamate availability for the tricarboxylic acid cycle and other biosynthetic reactions creating a metabolic bottleneck. Cancers with genetic or pharmacological activation of the NRF2 antioxidant pathway have a metabolic imbalance between supporting increased antioxidant capacity over central carbon metabolism, which can be therapeutically exploited.
A Comparison of the Relation of Depression, and Cognitive, Motor and Functional Deficits in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ghaffari Amin , Akbarfahimi Malahat , Forough Bijan
Published: October 2017

Aim and background: One of the most important psychological disorders after stroke is depression, which leads to reduced quality of life, optimal rehabilitation failure, loss of cognitive tasks and decrease in the recovery process. In this research, relation between patterns of depression and cognitive, motor and function deficits in people with chronic stroke was studied. Methods and materials: In a pilot cross-sectional study, 40 patients with chronic stroke (more than 6 months) were enrolled. Depression (Beck Depression Inventory), cognition (attention test TMT-A & B and Wechsler memory), motor (Motorcity index), basic activities of daily living (Barthel scale) and instrumental activities of daily living (Lawton scale) were evaluated. Results: The results of the study revealed a significant positive correlation between post stroke depression and verbal memory (r=0.440،P<.05), attention (r=0.615،P<.05), motor function(r-0.368،P<.05), independence in basic activities of daily living (r=0.781،P<.05) and instrumental activities of daily living (r=0.741, P<.05). Conclusion: According to the findings, further studies of factors affecting post stroke depression (PSD) clinical and practical aspects are necessary. Cognitive rehabilitation programs with motor rehabilitation can decrease depression and gain independence in activities of daily living and more participation in society activities.
Albumin As a Resuscitative Fluid in Patients with Severe Sepsis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kakaei Farzad , Hashemzadeh Shahriar , Asheghvatan Ayyoub , Zarrintan Sina , Asvadi Touraj , Beheshtirouy Samad , Mohajer Arian
Published: October 2017

Fluid therapy is an essential part of resuscitation of the patients with severe sepsis and  different methods has been suggested for. One of these methods is to add colloids  like  albumin to the crystalloid fluids, yet there are serious controversies about its effectiveness. To determine the effect of adding albumin to crystalloid fluids on the outcome of the severe sepsis, we performed this study. 20 patients (12 men and 8 women, with the mean age of 58) with severe sepsis who needed resuscitation, who were hospitalized in Imam Reza medical education center. The study began on march 2015 and ended on march 2016. The patients were randomized into two groups. One group received crystalloid fluids and routine management procedures and the other group received albumin (two vials of 20% albumin)  alongside those two mentioned. Mortality  was the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints were the length of hospitalization, the need for mechanical ventilation, dialysis and organ failure. 28 and 90 day mortality in the albumin group was 10 and 40 percent, respectively (p value=0. 58), and they were 30 and 50 percent in the control group, respectively (p value=0. 5). None of the patients needed dialysis and there were no significant differences between the two groups from the organ failure point of view. The median length of hospitalization in both ICU and general ward was significantly higher in the albumin group  (16 days VS 7.5 days, p value= 0.03 and 32 days VS  12 days, p value=0.02). PaO2 and O2Sat were lower but not significant in the albumin group. Adding albumin to the crystalloid fluids in order to resuscitate the patients with severe sepsis, only results in prolongation of the hospitalization length in both ICU and general ward and has no notable clinical benefit.Trial registration  www.IRCT.org/ IRCT 2016040316473N5
Comparison of interrater reliability and predictive validity of FOUR score and Glasgow Coma Scale in multi traumatic patients
Authors: Vahdati Samad Shams , Ghobadi Jafar , Bazavar MohammadReza , Seifar Fatemeh
Published: October 2017

Background: Multi traumatic injuries impose health care concern and major burden for society. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a routine scale for assessing levels of consciousness and prognosis of traumatic patients. The Full outline of unresponsiveness (FOUR) score is a new coma scale developed to overcome the limitations of GCS. In this prospective study, we aimed to compare the predicting outcomes and inter-rater reliability of the GCS and FOUR score in a group of multi traumatic patients. 96 consecutive multi trauma patients admitted in emergency departments were enrolled in the study. GCS and FOUR score were documented on arrival to the emergency room. Their correlation with patients ‘outcomes was analyzed. In terms of predictive power for in-hospital mortality, calculated mortality rate was 33.1 for FOUR score and 30.21 for GCS. Mean value of GCS and FOUR score were 14.83 and 13.68, respectively. Mortality rate was determined 9.3% and mean duration of hospitalization was 7.86±8.73 days. In addition, inter-rater reliability was determined κ = 0.84 ± 0.01 for GCS score and κ = 0.86 ± 0.01 for FOUR score rating. Inter-rater reliability and outcome predictability for FOUR score was superior to the GCS in this study, therefore FOUR score can be considered as a viable alternative to the GCS in the emergency department by accurately predicting outcome and improving the quality of management in trauma patients.
The Most Accurate and Fastest Method for Confirmation of Endotracheal Intubation
Authors: Parsian Zahra , Rahmani Farzad , Soleimanpour Hassan
Published: October 2017

Tracheal intubation and confirming correct placement of tracheal tube is one of the most important subjects in patients who need airway management (1). Gold standard method of confirmation is capnography, but it is just applicable in patients with tangible cardiac output. Other methods of confirming endotracheal intubation such as hearing gurgling sounds in epigastria, auscultation of lungs sounds, esophageal detector device, and chest radiography can be used for this purpose (2). Recently an exact real time, contrary to other methods, method of confirming endotracheal intubation has been developed which is direct visualization of tracheal tube passage through trachea with sonography. Considering the advantages of sonography, it is strongly recommended for the confirmation of endotracheal intubation(3).
Comparative Case Studies: An Innovative Approach
Authors: Bartlett Lesley , Vavrus Frances
Published: October 2017

What is a case study and what is it good for? In this article, we argue for a new approach—the comparative case study approach—that attends simultaneously to macro, meso, and micro dimensions of case-based research. The approach engages two logics of comparison: first, the more common compare and contrast; and second, a ‘tracing across’ sites or scales. As we explicate our approach, we also contrast it to traditional case study research. We contend that new approaches are necessitated by conceptual shifts in the social sciences, specifically in relation to culture, context, space, place, and comparison itself. We propose that comparative case studies should attend to three axes: horizontal, vertical, and transversal comparison. We conclude by arguing that this revision has the potential to strengthen and enhance case study research in Comparative and International Education, clarifying the unique contributions of qualitative research.
Exporting Finnish teacher education: Transnational pressures on national models
Authors: Chung Jennifer
Published: October 2017

This article analyses empirical data to assess the possible transfer of Finnish teacher education policy, and more specifically, the university training school, into another context. Transnational organisations increasingly pressure nation-states to carry out education policy change, especially due to dissatisfaction with international assessment outcomes. As a high performer in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), administered by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Finland has been at the centre of international attention. PISA revealed that the high quality of Finnish teachers contributes to the overall calibre of the country’s education system. Thus, Finnish teacher education has become a model for other education systems. This article uses empirical research to explore the export possibilities of the Finnish normaalikoulu, or university training school. It implements qualitative methodology, using semi-structured interviews with Finnish educationalists to explore the possible export of Finnish education, the implications in terms of policy transfer, and the migration of ideas, specifically the university-affiliated, teacher training school. The export and migration of Finnish education and its impact on education policy are discussed in this article, along with educational export’s position in transnational policy formation.
Comparative study of Cd uptake and tolerance of two Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) cultivars
Authors: Fang Zhigang , Lou Laiqing , Tai Zhenglan , Wang Yufeng , Yang Lei , Hu Zhubing , Cai Qingsheng
Published: October 2017

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals and is difficult to be removed from contaminated soil and water. Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), as an energy crop, exhibits a valuable potential to develop Cd polluted sites due to its use as a biofuel rather than as food and forage. Previously, via a screening for Cd-tolerant ryegrass, the two most extreme cultivars (IdyII and Harukaze) with high and low Cd tolerance during seed germination, respectively, were selected. However, the underlying mechanism for Cd tolerance was not well investigated. In this study, we comparatively investigated the growth, physiological responses, and Cd uptake and translocation of IdyII and Harukaze when the seedlings were exposed to a Cd (0–100 μM) solution for 12 days. As expected, excess Cd inhibited seedling growth and was accompanied by an accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced photosynthetic pigments in both cultivars. The effects of Cd on the uptake and translocation of other nutrient elements (Zn, Fe, Mn and Mg) were dependent on Cd concentrations, cultivars, plant tissues and elements. Compared with Harukaze, IdyII exhibited better performance with less MDA and higher pigment content. Furthermore, IdyII was less efficient in Cd uptake and translocation compared to Harukaze, which might be explained by the higher non-protein thiols content in its roots. Taken together, our data indicate that IdyII is more tolerant than Harukaze, which partially resulted from the differences in Cd uptake and translocation.
Diverse responses ofSymbiodiniumtypes to menthol and DCMU treatment
Authors: Wang Jih-Terng , Keshavmurthy Shashank , Chu Tzu-Ying , Chen Chaolun Allen
Published: October 2017

To understand the mechanism of photosynthetic inhibition and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inSymbiodiniumtypes under stress, chemicals such as dichlorophenyl dimethylurea (DCMU) are widely used. Moreover, DCMU and recently menthol were used to generate aposymbiotic cnidarian hosts. While the effects of DCMU onSymbiodiniumcells have been extensively studied, no studies have shown the mechanism behind menthol-induced coral bleaching. Moreover, no study has compared the effects of DCMU and menthol treatments on photosystem II (PSII) activity and generation of ROS in differentSymbiodiniumtypes. In this study, we utilized five freshly isolatedSymbiodiniumtypes (S. minutum(B1),S. goreaui(C1), C3, C15, andS. trenchii(D1a)) to compare the effects of DCMU and menthol treatments.Symbiodiniumcells were exposed to DCMU and menthol at different concentrations for 4 h. Results showed that values of the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for PSII inhibition were 0.72∼1.96 mM for menthol-treated cells compared to 29∼74 pM for DCMU-treated cells. Diverse responses ofSymbiodiniumtypes were displayed in terms of PSII tolerance to menthol (S. minutum>S. trenchii= C15 > C3 =S. goreaui), and also in the response curves. In contrast, responses were not so diverse when the different types were treated with DCMU. Three of five menthol-treatedSymbiodiniumtypes showed instant and significant ROS generation when PSII activity was inhibited, compared to no ROS being generated in DCMU-treatedSymbiodiniumtypes. Both results indicated that menthol inhibitedSymbiodiniumPSII activity throughSymbiodiniumtype-dependent mechanisms, which were also distinct from those with DCMU treatment. This study further confirmed that photosynthetic functionsSymbiodiniumhave diverse responses to stress even within the same clade.
Current variability by wave propagation in Todos Santos Bay, Baja California, Mexico
Authors: Mateos Efrain , Marinone Silvio Guido
Published: October 2017

The temperature, velocity, and sea level fields for a summer climatological month (August) were analyzed using tridimensional and baroclinic model outputs in Todos Santos Bay (TSB), Baja California, Mexico. The numerical model was forced with wind (nonstationary), heat flux, and California Current System climatology on the open boundary. The 3- to 5-day current variability is related to a baroclinic wave traveling towards the northwest of the bay. Wave travel periodicity was due to the release of accumulated water from the Ensenada–Punta Banda Estuary (E–PBE) region. Local wind stress causes southeastward water flow and, given the TSB geometry, water accumulates in the E–PBE region. Weakening wind stress was the main cause of water release. In addition, complex empirical orthogonal function analysis found that outer TSB disturbances cause sea level variability.
Person-Centered Care Planning for People Living With or at Risk for Multiple Chronic Conditions
Authors: Watson Brittany N. , Estenson Lilly , Eden Aimee R. , Gerstein Maya T. , Carney Maria Torroella , Dotson Vonetta M. , Milnes Trisha , Bierman Arlene S.
Published: October 2024

Importance

The US has a growing population of people living with multiple chronic conditions (MCC), yet the health system is ill designed to meet their needs. Person-centered care planning (PCCP) is an approach to provide comprehensive care that is responsive to the individual to improve health outcomes and increase value.

Objective

To examine strategies used to provide PCCP for people living with or at risk for MCC, as well as facilitators and barriers to implementation.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This qualitative study uses thematic analysis of responses from a Request for Information (RFI) published in the Federal Register soliciting input on PCCP, posted by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) in 2022. The RFI was available for public comment from September 16, 2022, to November 15, 2022. Responses were analyzed between January 2023 and February 2024. Respondents were individuals and organizations who identify as, provide care for, or seek to improve care for individuals living with or at risk for MCC. Some responses represent multiple individuals.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Qualitative themes and subthemes of the RFI responses, developed using thematic analysis through inductive and deductive coding of the open-text responses.

Results

There were a total of 58 respondents, including clinicians, researchers, patients, caregivers, and representatives from health care payer, practitioner, health system, advocacy, professional, and supporting nonprofit and industry organizations. Researchers identified 9 themes: (1) suboptimal quality of care; (2) person-centered, goal-concordant care; (3) multidisciplinary team–based care and care coordination; (4) prevention across the life course; (5) digital health solutions; (6) workflow; (7) education and self-management support; (8) payment; and (9) achieving community, health system, and payer goals.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this qualitative study of PCCP for people living with or at risk for MCC, challenges to widescale adoption of PCCP were identified along with strategies to address these challenges, including the alignment of payment, policy support, culture change, adoption of meaningful measures, and the need for evidence on strategies to scale and spread PCCP. Insights gained from this analysis can inform research priorities and implementation efforts to advance PCCP as an integral component of routine care.
Cage‐Free, Free‐Range, or Pasture‐Raised? Consumer Preferences for Happy Hens
Authors: Varziri Azita , Zhao Shuoli , Woods Timothy A.
Published: October 2024

US consumers' increasing concern for farm animal welfare signals a noticeable shift toward more ethical considerations in food choices. This study examines consumer preferences for egg production methods, specifically “cage‐free,” “free‐range,” and “pasture‐raised,” utilizing a choice experiment. Our results found that respondents struggled to differentiate various different animal welfare (AW) labels. it also reveals that the interaction of these labels with specific demographic characteristics may influence consumer perception. This study provides timely insights into consumer understanding of AW labels in egg production, aiding producers, marketers, and policymakers in navigating the evolving landscape of ethical food production.
Synthesis of Sm‐TADDbBP@MCM‐41 as a Robust, Reusable, and Practical Nanocatalyst in the Homoselective [2 + 3] Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Tahmasbi Bahman , Moradi Parisa , Mohammadi Farzad , Abbasi Tyula Yunes , Kikhavani Tavan
Published: October 2024

Schiff‐base materials are known ligands for the coordination of metal ions and the synthesis of various stable and useful complexes. Therefore, herein, a novel Schiff‐base compound {2,2′‐((1E,11E)‐2,5,8,11‐tetra azadodeca‐1,11‐diene‐1,12‐diyl) bis (4‐bromophenol)} was introduced that formed from condensation of triethylenetetramine (TETA) and 5‐bromo‐2‐hydroxybenzaldehyde (5B2HB). This Schiff‐base ligand was labeled as TADDbBP. Besides, mesoporous MCM‐41 was synthesized using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), hydrolyzing cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and NaOH solution (2 M), followed by calcination at 550 °C, and further, the silanol sites on the MCM‐41's surface were modified by 3‐chloropropyltriethoxysilane (3Cl‐PTES), which modified MCM‐41 was labeled as 3‐Cl‐Pr@MCM‐41. In the next step, the synthesized TADDbBP (as Schiff‐base ligand) was grafted on 3‐Cl‐Pr@MCM‐41, which was labeled as TADDbBP@MCM‐41, and further, it was coordinated with samarium ions (which was labeled as Sm‐TADDbBP@MCM‐41 nanocatalyst) using Sm (CH3COO)3. This is the first report on the production of Sm‐TADDbBP@MCM‐41 nanocatalyst, this nanocatalyst was characterized by TEM, SEM, EDX, elemental mapping, BET method, ICP, XRD, and TGA techniques. In the final step, the catalytic performance of Sm‐TADDbBP@MCM‐41 nanocatalyst has been checked in the homo‐selective producing of tetrazoles through [2 + 3] cycloaddition of benzonitriles and sodium azide (NaN3) in PEG‐400 as available, nontoxic, green, and safe solvent. This nanocatalyst provides excellent selectivity in the synthesis of tetrazoles. In addition, Sm‐TADDbBP@MCM‐41 nanocatalyst can be separated and recycled for several cycles without significant reactivation or metal leaching.
Finite‐time practical tracking for a class of high‐order nonlinear systems with time‐varying full‐state constraints via event‐triggered control
Authors: Guo Zhong , Jiang Yan
Published: October 2024

The finite‐time practical tracking problem is studied for a class of high‐order nonlinear systems with time‐varying full‐state constraints via event‐triggered control. In order to remove the feasibility conditions required by the traditional barrier Lyapunov functions (BLFs) method when dealing with state constraints, this paper introduces the nonlinear transformation functions (NTFs) for the states to transform the constrained system into an equivalent unconstrained system. An event‐triggered controller is designed with a wider application range and more suitable for the tracking control system by combining the switching threshold event‐triggered strategy. The purpose of reducing resource consumption is realized. The finite‐time stability of the closed‐loop system is proved by the finite‐time theory without breaking the state constraints. Finally, numerical and practical examples are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed results.
Sensitivity of simulated MJO to model vertical resolution in GAMIL3
Authors: Wang He , Li Lijuan , Wang Bin , Wang Xiao , Pu Ye
Published: October 2024

The impact of model vertical resolutions on simulation of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) was investigated using five AMIP simulations by the Grid‐point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG, version 3 (GAMIL3) with different vertical layers. Results showed that higher vertical resolutions produce a stronger and superior eastward propagation, coupled circulation–convection relationship, and MJO strength, as well as other convectively coupled equatorial waves when compared to the lowest vertical resolution. The improvements may be related to a better description of the tropical circulation in the higher vertical resolutions and model top, albeit without the significant improvement of MJO convection and stratospheric quasi‐biennial oscillation in all simulations. Among the four tested high resolutions, the simulations with higher vertical resolutions from the surface to about 850 hPa produced better eastward propagation and larger total explained variance of the MJO, indicating the importance of the lower troposphere in simulating the MJO.
Designing a novel multi‐epitope antigen for diagnosing human cytomegalovirus infection: An immunoinformatics approach
Authors: Asadi Marzieh , Ghasemi Younes , Nezafat Navid , Sarkari Bahador , Baneshi Maryam , Mostafavi‐Pour Zohreh , Anbardar Mohammad Hossein , Savardashtaki Amir
Published: October 2024

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection can lead to congenital infections and severe complications, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Current serological tests for diagnosing HCMV infection often face limitations in sensitivity and specificity. Developing multi‐epitope antigens for serological assays offers the potential for enhancing diagnostic accuracy. This study aimed to design a novel multi‐epitope antigen for HCMV infection diagnosis using immunoinformatic approaches. Five tegument proteins (universal protein resource [UniProt] ID: Po8318, Po6725, F5HC97, Q6RX10, and F5HC05) were selected based on their antigenic properties and literature review. Six linear B‐cell epitopes were predicted within conserved regions of each antigen sequence and linked with appropriate linkers. The designed multi‐epitope antigen underwent thorough evaluation for physicochemical properties, solubility, antigenicity, and cross‐reactivity. Additionally, the three‐dimensional structure of the antigen was predicted, refined, and validated. The nucleotide sequence of the designed antigen was optimized for successful expression in Escherichia coli and inserted into a pET23a (+) vector. Immunoinformatic analysis revealed that the multi‐epitope antigen exhibits stability, antigenicity, and lacks cross‐reactivity. Our findings suggest that this multi‐epitope antigen is a promising candidate for diagnosing HCMV infection. However, further validation through laboratory testing is required to confirm its diagnostic efficacy.
Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs): A New Class of Materials for Multivalent Metal‐Ion Energy Storage Systems
Authors: Sonar Vedang A. , Kulkarni Abhishek A. , Sonar Prashant , Dubal Deepak P.
Published: October 2024

The rise of electronic societies is driving a surge in the demand for energy storage solutions, particularly in the realm of renewable energy technologies like batteries, which rely heavily on efficient electrode materials and separators. As an answer to this necessity, Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are emerging and a highly intriguing class of materials, garnering increased attention in recent years for their extensive properties and possible applications. This review addresses the remarkable versatility and boundless potential of COFs in scientific fields, mainly focusing on multivalent metal ion batteries (MMIBs), which include AIB (Aluminium‐ion batteries), MIB (Magnesium‐ion battery), CIB (Calcium‐ion battery), and ZIB (Zinc‐ion battery), as both electrode materials and separators across a spectrum of battery technology. Inclusive of their approaches, merits, and reaction mechanisms, this review offers an extensive summary of COFs concerning multivalent ion batteries. By providing a rigorous analysis of COF attributes, electrochemical behaviour, and methodologies, our explanation contributes to a deeper understanding of their potential in advancing battery technology.
Machine learning‐derived peripheral blood transcriptomic biomarkers for early lung cancer diagnosis: Unveiling tumor‐immune interaction mechanisms
Authors: Li Xiaohua , Li Xuebing , Qin Jiangyue , Lei Lei , Guo Hua , Zheng Xi , Zeng Xuefeng
Published: October 2024

Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide. Early detection and a comprehensive understanding of tumor‐immune interactions are crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop a novel biomarker panel utilizing peripheral blood transcriptomics and machine learning algorithms for early lung cancer diagnosis, while simultaneously providing insights into tumor‐immune crosstalk mechanisms. Leveraging a training cohort (GSE135304), we employed multiple machine learning algorithms to formulate a Lung Cancer Diagnostic Score (LCDS) based on peripheral blood transcriptomic features. The LCDS model's performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) in multiple validation cohorts (GSE42834, GSE157086, and an in‐house dataset). Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 20 lung cancer patients and 10 healthy control subjects, representing an in‐house cohort recruited at the Sixth People's Hospital of Chengdu. We employed advanced bioinformatics techniques to explore tumor‐immune interactions through comprehensive immune infiltration and pathway enrichment analyses. Initial screening identified 844 differentially expressed genes, which were subsequently refined to 87 genes using the Boruta feature selection algorithm. The random forest (RF) algorithm demonstrated the highest accuracy in constructing the LCDS model, yielding a mean AUC of 0.938. Lower LCDS values were significantly associated with elevated immune scores and increased CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell infiltration, indicative of enhanced antitumor‐immune responses. Higher LCDS scores correlated with activation of hypoxia, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR), and Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, as well as reduced DNA damage repair pathway scores. Our study presents a novel, machine learning‐derived peripheral blood transcriptomic biomarker panel with potential applications in early lung cancer diagnosis. The LCDS model not only demonstrates high accuracy in distinguishing lung cancer patients from healthy individuals but also offers valuable insights into tumor‐immune interactions and underlying cancer biology. This approach may facilitate early lung cancer detection and contribute to a deeper understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying tumor‐immune crosstalk. Furthermore, our findings on the relationship between LCDS and immune infiltration patterns may have implications for future research on therapeutic strategies targeting the immune system in lung cancer.
Temperature‐sensitive sodium beta‐glycerophosphate/chitosan hydrogel loaded with all‐trans retinoic acid regulates Pin1 to inhibit the formation of spinal cord injury‐induced rat glial scar
Authors: Zhang Rongmou , Tang Ting , Zhuang Huafeng , Wang Peiwen , Yu Haiming , Xu Hao , Yao Xuedong
Published: October 2024

Glial scar formation is a major obstacle to nerve regeneration following spinal cord injury (SCI). Pin1 and the PI3K/AKT/CDK2 signaling pathway play crucial roles in neuronal regulation, but research on their involvement in glial scarring remains limited. In this study, we have for the first time observed that Pin1, PI3K, AKT, and CDK2 are upregulated and interact with each other following SCI. Further experiments revealed that Pin1 contributes to the development of glial scars by promoting astrocyte proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis, and activating the PI3K/AKT/CDK2 pathway. Additionally, all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a specific chemical inhibitor of Pin1, effectively suppresses Pin1 expression. However, its clinical application is limited by its short half‐life and susceptibility to inactivation. To address these issues, we have developed a thermosensitive sodium beta‐glycerophosphate (β‐GP)/chitosan (CS) hydrogel loaded with ATRA (β‐GP/CS@ATRA). This hydrogel exhibits favorable morphology and biocompatibility. Compared to free ATRA, the β‐GP/CS@ATRA hydrogel significantly enhances functional motor recovery after SCI and protects spinal cord tissue, thereby inhibiting glial scar formation. Mechanistically, ATRA administration blocks the development of glial scars and the activation of the PI3K/AKT/CDK2 pathway by inhibiting Pin1 expression. This study suggests that combining ATRA with a hydrogel to target Pin1 expression may be a promising strategy for treating glial scar formation following SCI.