bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Modes of Delivery on Cord Blood Oxidative Stress Markers
Authors:   Department of Chemical Pathology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, ATIBA Adeniran Samuel , ADEKANLE Daniel Adebode ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, OPARINDE Dolapo Pius ,   Department of Chemical Pathology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, AKINTAYO Akinyemi Akinsoji ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Published: September 2023

Background: Normal pregnancy has been associated with oxidative stress injury. Oxidative stress has been linked with poor perinatal outcome and birth asphyxia. The severity of this oxidative stress in newborn may be related to stress of different modes of delivery. Methods: Eighty seven newborn babies were recruited in both labour ward and operating theatre of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria. Fourty one of them was delivered via spontaneous vertex delivery, 26 via emergency caesarean section and the rest, 20 were delivered through elective caesarean section. Cord blood sample was collected from new born babies immediately after delivery. Plasma was extracted and used for the laboratory measurement of total antioxidant status, malondialdehyde and Uric acid. Results: There were no significant (P>0.05) changes among the studied groups in mean plasma levels of malondialdehyde, total antioxidant status and uric acid. However, a trend was observed in these parameters. Mean plasma total antioxidant status/mmol/l was observed to be highest in subjects delivered through ECS (2.35 ± 0.05) and lowest in subjects delivered through SVD (2.03 ± 0.08). Similarly mean plasma UA/mg/dl was also observed to be highest in subjects delivered through ECS (3.61 ± 0.16) lowest in those delivered through SVD (3.49 ± 0.71). The highest mean plasma level of MDA/µmol/l was found in subjects delivered through SVD (5.78 ± 1.56) while the lowest was found in subjects delivered through ECS (5.01 ± 1.21). Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between oxidative stress markers in neonate and the mode of delivery.
cute and Sub-Acute Toxicity Studies of Plumeria alba Linn. (Apocynaceae) Hydroalcoholic Extract in Rat
Authors:   Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lome, Togo, Tessou K. Z. , Lawson-Evi P. , Metowogo K. , Diallo A. , Eklu-Gadegkeku K. , Aklikokou K. , Gbeassor M.
Published: September 2023

Plumeria alba Linn (Apocynaceae) is used in Togolese traditional medicine to treat diabetes mellitus and wounds. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the toxicity of hydroalcoholic extract of Plumeria alba roots in Sprague Dawley rats. The acute toxicity test was conducted by administering orally dose of 5 g/Kg. General behavior and mortality were examined for up to 14 days. The sub-acute toxicity test was performed by daily gavage at 250, 500 and 1000 mg/Kg for 28 days. Body weight and blood glucose were measured weekly. Hematological and biochemical parameters, relative organ weight were determined at the end of the 28 days administration. In acute study, no adverse effect of the extract was observed at 5.0 g/Kg. Sub-acute oral administration of the extract at the dose up to 1000 mg/Kg did not induce death or significant changes in body weight, relative weight of vital organs, hematological parameters and was not associated with liver and kidney toxicity.
Considerações sobre música e política na República no final do século XIX e propostas programáticas para Ave, Libertas!, de Leopoldo Miguéz, e Série Brasileira, de Alberto Nepomuceno
Authors: Dudeque Norton
Published: September 2023

Neste texto abordam-se política e música na época do início da República do Brasil. O objeto de estudo se concentra na carreira de dois compositores do período: Leopoldo Miguéz e Alberto Nepomuceno. Ambos os compositores foram republicanos convictos e importantes diretores do Instituto Nacional de Música no Rio de Janeiro. As obras abordadas, Ave, Libertas!, de Leopoldo Miguéz, e a Série Brasileira, de Alberto Nepomuceno, expressam em música homenagem, comemoração, nacionalismo. Também expressam elementos programáticos que, por vezes, não são explícitos. Por fim, o texto propõe para as obras programas inferidos a partir da estrutura musical.
Synthesis and dihydrofolate reductase inhibitory activity of 2-amino-6-(arylaminomethyl) thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones
Authors: Dailidė Mindaugas , Tumkevičius Sigitas
Published: September 2023

The present work deals with synthesis and biological evaluation of novel compounds as potential inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) from opportunistic microorganisms – Pneumocystis carinii (pc), Toxoplasma gondii (tg) and Mycobacterium avium (ma). A set of 6 lipophilic and 1 classical antifolates of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine series were designed and synthesised with key pharmacophoric features of DHFR inhibitors and aminomethylene bridge joining the aromatic part and 2-amino-4-oxothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleus. Investigation of the DHFR inhibitory activity of the synthesised compounds revealed that 2-amino-6-[(4-methoxyphenylamino)-, 6--[(4-chlorophenylamino)- and 6-[(2,5 ichlorophenylamino)methyl]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)- ones had a moderate activity (IC50 56.5, 49.9 and 23 μM, respectively) against pcDHFR. Activity of those compounds against tgDHFR (IC50 6.0, 2.8 and 2.3 μM, respectively) was comparable to that of trimethoprim (IC50 2.7 μM). No synthesised lipophilic antifolates showed activity towards maDHFR. The classical antifolate 2-{4-[(2-amino-4-oxo-3,4- dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)methylamino]benzamido}-L-glutamic acid inhibited DHFRs from all microorganisms (IC50 6.6 μM for pcDHFR, 1.06 μM for tgDHFR and 16.9 μM for maDHFR).
Determination of Anatomical morphology in proventriculus, proventriculus-gizzard junction, cecum and liver in turkey spp. (Meleagris gallopavo) with histomorphological characteristics of liver for post mortem diagnosis
Authors: Paul Shuvo Argha , Podda Sonnet , Uddin Mohi , Lutful Ahasan A.S.M , Kumar Das Prokash , Shafiqul Islam Md. , Mejbah Uddin Mohammad , Yamato Osamu , , Al Faruq Abdullah
Published: September 2023

The study was aimed to investigate the anatomical (body weight, proventriculus, proventriculus-gizzard junction, liver and cecum) and histological (liver) features of the turkey to identify the gross and histo-morphological characteristics to help post mortem diagnosis of common turkey diseases. The average length, width and diameter of proventriculus, proventriculus-gizzard junction and cecum were measured both in male and female (Table1). Among the 20 turkeys average body weights of male and female were found 3.55± 0.034 kg and 2.75±0.05 kg respectively. In the same way the in male average length, width and diameter of proventriculus were 5.16±0.033 cm, 2.13±0.044 cm, 3.59±0.027 cm respectively. Similarly average length, width and diameter of proventriculus-gizzard junction were 1.81±0.036 cm, 0.87±0.036 cm and 2.32±0.041 cm respectively. Likely the average length, width and diameter of cecum were 22.81±0.204 cm, 1.13±0.042 cm and 3.9±0.039 cm respectively in male. On the other hand in female the average length, width and diameter of proventriculus were 2.76±0.043 cm, 1.87±0.422 cm, 3.25±0.045 cm respectively. Also average length, width and diameter of proventriculus-gizzard junction were 1.22±0.055 cm, 0.91±0.052 cm and 3.23 ±0.051 cm respectively. Furthermore the average length, width and diameter of cecum were 21.24±0.047cm, 1.17±0.042 cm and 3.14±0.052 cm respectively. Additionally, the internal surface of proventriculus was found reddish in color. Similarly, internal membrane of pair ceca was found greenish and membrane wall was found thick to thin according to the segments of ceca. Moreover, the gross feature of liver in turkey was dark brown in color and the average weight of the liver in male was 50.66±0.030 gm conversely in female was 59.37 ±0.102 gm. Furthermore, histological features revealed that liver of turkey were consists of parenchyma and stroma under microscope. Hepatocyte, central vein, hepatic sinusoids and portal triad were the main histological features of turkey liver. Overall, these prominent anatomical and histological features of several internal organs of turkey will be helpful for post mortem diagnosis and treatment of turkey disease.
An outbreak of Lumpy skin disease in Dairy herds of Pabna and Sirajganj districts, Bangladesh
Authors: Rasel Prank MD. , Singha Shuvo , Das Priyanka , Paul Pranab
Published: September 2023

Lumpy skin diseases (LSD) is an economically important emerging viral disease of cattle. An outbreak of LSD was experienced in different parts of Bangladesh including Sirajganj between the last half of 2019 to first quarter of 2020. This investigation was carried out to know the outbreak scenario of the disease in the Pabna and Sirajganj districts of Bangladesh. The LSD was diagnosed based on the clinical signs and data were collected from 97 dairy farms of two affected regions through a preformed questionnaire. A total of 886 animals were examined from those farms which includes milking cows, dry cows, heifer, calves and bulls. High fever, enlargement of superficial lymphnode and nodule on different parts of the body were most frequently encountered clinical signs during the investigation. One hundred and ninety seven animals were found positive and showed obvious signs of LSD in mild, moderate and severe form. The proportionate prevalence was 22.2% (95%CI 19.5-25.1%) which is quite similar to the other scientific findings. The morbidity rate was slightly high in the Pabna district (22.6%; 95% CI 19.4-26.1%) than in the Sirajganj(21.3%; 95% CI 16.6- 26.8%). The morbidity rate was higher in the female cattle’s (24.9%; 95% CI 20.3-29.8%) compare to the males 15.3% (95% CI 8.4-24.7%). Due to the more number of vectors prevalence of LSD was high in autumn (26.4%) and late autumn (36.5%) than the other seasons. Though most of the farmers rely on the veterinarians for the treatment of this disease but some of them were reluctant due to the treatment cost. So it’s important to focus on the prevention of LSD rather than the treatment.
Comparative performance of different feeding systems for raising turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) in the rural areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Paul Thomby , Akter Nasima , Barua , Karabi , Bhowmi Priunka , Adhikary , Kona , Faruk Miazi Omar , Emran Hossain Md.
Published: September 2023

Turkey is a newly introduced poultry species which has recently been considered as one of the important sources of the leanest meats and eggs for human consumption. This study aimed to investigate if different feeding regimens had different effects on the productive performance of turkey. A total of 18 day-old unsexed turkey poults were divided into three different dietary treatment groups designated as T1 (Commercial broiler feed + cabbage leaves), T2 (Wheat and rice polish + cabbage leaves) and T3 (Maize and rice polish + cabbage leaves) having six poults per treatment. Irrespective of sex, each bird in every pen was considered as the replicate and measurements were taken individually. Each group was offered equal amounts of feeds. The feed intake was recorded daily and the body weight was measured at two weeks interval up to the 8th week. Different dietary treatments exhibited significantly different live weight (LW), average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (FE) at the end of the 2nd (p<0.01), 4th (p<0.001), 6th (p<0.001) and the 8th week (p<0.001). Supplementation of commercial broiler feed with cabbage leaves (T1) substantially improved (p<0.001) final body weight, ADG and FE throughout the trial period compared with birds in the other groups. However, the maximum profitability calculated in terms of net profit per kg of live bird was recorded in the T2 group (94.6 BDT/kg live bird) close to T1 group (94.5 BDT/kg live bird) and the least profitability was recorded in the T3 group (82.6 BDT/kg live bird) due to an extremely lower live weight gain of the birds regardless of the least cost of feed used in T3. Therefore, commercial broiler pellet, as well as traditional wheat-rice polish-vegetable based feeding systems, may be suggested for turkey production in the rural areas of Bangladesh.
Diagnosis and management of megaesophagus in dog: A case report
Authors: Datta Aparna , Rahman Mizanur , Bayazid Bostam Mohammad , Md. Afzal Hossain Mir , Mannan Abdul , Bhowmik Priunka , Biswas Sushyam
Published: September 2023

A 6 years old German shepherd male dog was presented to Teaching and Training Pet Hospital and Research Center (TTPHRC), Purbachal, Dhaka with a chief complaint of coughing and vomiting at every midnight for last 1 month. A contrast thoracic radiographic examination on esophagus was performed using barium sulfate suspension which revealed severe dilatation of esophagus. The dog was managed with only upright feeding position, for 20-30 min every post meals to avoid accumulation of food and response to these management was good. The dog’s clinical signs were completely resolved within one month and follow-up radiographs were taken after one month of the initial consultation. In follow up examination, there was no evidence of the diverticulum of the esophagus. Only upright feeding position could be effective without any therapeutic management in acquired idiopathic megaesophagus and long-term management of idiopathic megaesophagus. Further controlled studies are needed to show a benefit of upright feeding position in dogs with idiopathic megaesophagus
Upaya Badan Pengurus Daerah dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Pelayanan Majelis Gereja Kemah Injil Indonesia Kecamatan Kelam Permai Kabupaten Sintang
Authors: Evendi Yuliono Evendi
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Local Church Leaders are one component of spiritual leaders who are responsible for church growth, specifically among the Gospel Tabernacle Church of Indonesia in Sintang Regional West Kalimantan. The aims of this study is to examine and describe the efforts that have been made by the Sintang Regional Gospel Tabernacle Church Indonesia Management in improving the performance of the services of the local church leaders in the district Kelam Permai. The method in this research is an explanatory sequential and then arranges the results to explan the more detail with qualitative reasearch. The samples are Local Church Leader of Dait Kelam Permai, Genezaret Kebong and Karunia SP 7 Sepan Lebang purposively selected. All local church leaders in these 3 churches have received training and guidance from Sintang Regional of Gospel Tabernacle Church of Indonesia Management. Data collection techniques are through observation, quesionnaires, and interviews. Data is collected and analyzed quantitativly, through the relative frequency distribution table, dan described qualitatively. The results showed that, 12 local church leaders from the Gospel Tabernacle Church Indonesia of Dait Kelam Permai have the ability to carry out their duties and functions, 14 local church leaders in Genezaret Kebong can carry out their duties and functions, 7 local church leaders in Karunia SP 7 Sepan Lebang can carry out their duties and funtions properly. All the knowledge and skills possessed by local church leaders in these 3 churches are the real impact of all the efforts made by the Sintang Regional Gospel Tabernacle Church of Indonesia Management. The efforts made by the Gospel Tabernacle Church Indonesia of Sintang Regional Management are providing seminars and training, mentoring, preparing supporting facilities and infrastructure, and coordinating, communicating and evaluating the services of local church leaders.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Berbagai Merek Tisu Basah yang Beredar Sekitar Wilayah Sumedang terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213
Authors: Rahayu Susi Afrianti , Nurwenda Via
Published: September 2023

Tisu basah merupakan salah satu produk yang digunakan sebagai alternatif untuk menggantikan cuci tangan dengan menggunakan sabun dan air karena tisu basah dirasa lebih praktis untuk dibawa bepergian. Selain itu tisu basah juga dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri pada tangan, salah satu bakteri yang sering ditemukan pada tangan adalah Staphylococcus aureus. Dalam tisu basah terdapat kandungan zat- zat antibakteri seperti alkohol, fenoksietanol, dan tea tree oil yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuktikan bahwa ada aktivitas antibakteri pada larutan cairan tisu basah terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Produk tisu basah yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah 6 merek tisu basah. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah metode cakram kertas yang digunakan untuk mengetahui aktivitas larutan cairan tisu basah sebagai antibakteri dengan 5 konsenterasi yaitu 3,75%, 1,87%, 0,93%, 0,46%, dan 0,23% dengan larutan alkohol 70% sebagai kontrol positif. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa larutan cairan tisu basah memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Pada penelitian ini tisu basah yang efektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus terdapat pada merek tisu D dan F pada konsenterasi hambat minimum (KHM) 0,23% dengan diameter zona hambat 0,48 mm
Can parental investment reduce social altruistic behaviour in Yellow-legged Gulls Larus michahellis
Authors: Conte Stella , Serafino Ester , Pastore Massimiliano , Ghiani Carla
Published: September 2023

This study aims to test if there are differences in nest defence behaviour in single and in groups of Yellow-legged Gulls Larus michahellis during two stages of the breeding season: incubation and early chick-rearing period. When a human intruder wearing a mask approached and stood still next to the target nest during incubation, the gulls took part in passive mobbing and helped the ‘attacked’ gull, thereby showing altruistic behaviour. In contrast, during the early chick-rearing period, decreased altruistic behaviour was observed: the individuals that took part in the passive mobbing tended to remain on their own nests, in order to look after their own chicks. In this stage, a reduction of the size of passive mobbing was also noted. Furthermore, gulls from disturbed nests increased the intensity of nest defence by increasing the number of dives directed at the heads of the human intruders. Again, those gulls whose nests were directly affected by an approaching human intruder left their nests quickly to begin an aerial defence, encouraging the chicks to leave the nest and hide among rocks and shrubs. The adult gulls came back to their nests only after the danger had ceased and the chicks had come back to their nests, in agreement with the Parental Investment Theory.
Assessment of Great Skua Stercorarius skua pellet composition to inform estimates of storm petrel consumption from bioenergetics models
Authors: Deakin Zoe , Gilbert Lucy , Prior Gina , Bolton Mark
Published: September 2023

Generalist predators may exert levels of predation on particular prey that result in, or contribute to, decline of that prey species. Bioenergetics models have been used to estimate the rates of consumption of Leach’s Storm Petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa (45 g) and European Storm Petrels Hydrobates pelagicus (25 g) by Great Skuas Stercorarius skua on St Kilda (Western Isles, UK) and Hermaness (Shetland, UK). The models require estimates of the number of indigestible pellets produced from each individual storm petrel consumed, which have previously been determined by captive feeding trials or examination of pellets cast by free-living birds, but which have not discriminated between the two storm petrel species. Here we use information from dissection of 427 Great Skua pellets collected on Hirta (St Kilda, UK) and Mousa (Shetland, UK) to provide empirical estimates of the pellet:prey ratios for Leach’s and European Storm Petrels separately. We found that pellet:prey ratios were similar for collections of the ‘standing crop’ of pellets accumulated over the entire breeding season and samples of pellets cast within the preceding five days. However, pellet:prey ratios of both Leach’s and European Storm Petrel were considerably lower than reported previously. Furthermore, we found the pellet:prey ratio for European Storm Petrels consumed on St Kilda was 80% higher than the value for the same species on Mousa. Our study suggests that the use of a single generic value for the pellet:prey ratio for both species and all locations may lead to inaccuracies in estimation of consumption rates, and we recommend further work to understand the causes of such variation.
Low recruitment of Common Terns Sterna hirundo in the declining Barnegat Bay population
Authors: Palestis Brian
Published: September 2023

Common Tern Sterna hirundo populations have declined in the southern portion of their breeding range along the Atlantic coast of the United States. The Barnegat Bay (New Jersey, USA) population has been declining, with sea-level rise increasing the frequency of flooding of salt marsh islands believed to be a contributory factor. Productivity is typically very poor, relative to studies undertaken elsewhere, and a previous analysis suggested permanent emigration of breeding adults out of Barnegat Bay. At Pettit Island, a long-term study site in the bay, the number of ringed chicks recaptured as adults was extremely low, even when accounting for mortality prior to fledging. Of 1,314 chicks ringed at Pettit Island from 2006 to 2014, only 23 were recaptured as adults at Pettit from 2010 to 2017 (1.8%, or 3.9% of presumed fledglings). Correcting for the proportion of adults captured, recruitment by four years of age was estimated at 8.1 to 9.3% of fledglings, or 3.5 to 4.0% of all chicks. Recruits comprise a small percentage of breeders in the colony. Of 34 adults captured in 2016, 10 were previously ringed and only three of these had been ringed as chicks (8.8% of total, 30% of ringed birds). It is unlikely that the small number of returns at Pettit Island simply reflects natal dispersal within the bay, because no terns ringed as chicks at Pettit Island were recaptured as young breeders at other colonies. Whether poor recruitment reflects low postfledging or subadult survival, or emigration out of the population is unknown.
Leach’s Storm PetrelOceanodroma leucorhoapopulation trends on Bon Portage Island, Canada
Authors: Pollet Ingrid , Shutler Dave
Published: September 2023

Regular estimates of breeding populations are important for detecting declines and for implementing appropriate conservation measures in a timely manner. In Atlantic colonies, Leach’s Storm Petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa are in decline at most colonies that have been surveyed. Consequently, the species has recently been uplisted from ‘Least Concern’ to ‘Vulnerable’ by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. On Bon Portage Island, the largest Leach’s Storm Petrel colony in Nova Scotia, the last survey was completed in 2001. The aim of this study was to update the population estimate for this colony. Our results suggested that the current population is 38,916 ± 8,749 pairs, a 20% decline in 16 years. Several factors are most likely responsible for this decline, but loss of breeding habitat may be the principle cause on this island.
Easternmost record of an Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica in the Mediterranean Sea on the coast of Israel
Authors: Fayet Annette , Becciu Paolo
Published: September 2023

We report the finding of an Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica on the Mediterranean coast of Israel in September 2018. We use morphometrics and current knowledge of Puffin movements to infer that the bird is likely from the United Kingdom (UK) or Ireland. This record is over 1500 km further east than the easternmost recovery of a British or Irish ringed Atlantic Puffin in the Mediterranean Sea to date.
Evde Bakım Hizmetlerinde Çalışan Personelin Evde Bakım Hizmetlerine İlişkin Tutumu
Authors: YILMAZ Sevil , KHORSHİD Leyla
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Araştırma evde bakım personellerinin evde bakım hizmetlerine ilişkin tutumunu ve bunu etkileyen etmenleri incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırma, tanımlayıcı tipte bir çalışmadır. Araştırmanın evrenini, Eylül 2018 – Kasım 2018 tarihleri arasında İzmir’de bulunan belediyelere bağlı beş evde bakım merkezinde görev yapan 110 personel oluşturmuş, örneklemi 94 kişi oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında Kişisel Bilgi Formu ile Evde Bakım Hizmetleri Tutum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi, SPSS 26.0 ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde; Mann Whitney U ve Kruskall Wallis testleri kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Evde bakım birimlerinde çalışan tüm personelin ortalama yaşı: 38,51±0,17 yıl, Evde Bakım Hizmetleri Tutum Ölçeği ortalaması 123,38±13,49 puandır. Çalışmada 51-65 yaş grubunda hem evde bakımda yaşanan desteğe yönelik tutumlar alt ölçek puanı hem de hastane ile evde bakımı kıyaslayan tutumlar alt ölçeği puan ortalaması istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde azalmaktadır. Ayrıca ölçeğin toplam puanları ve evde bakımda yaşanan desteğe yönelik tutum alt ölçeği çalışanların yaş ve eğitim durumundan etkilenmektedir.

Sonuç: Evde bakım hizmetlerinde çalışan personelin evde bakım hizmetlerine ilişkin tutumu oldukça olumludur. Evde bakım hizmetlerinde çalıştırılan personelin yaşı, eğitim durumu, meslek ve sağlık sorunun olup olmadığı evde bakıma yönelik olan tutumunu etkilemektedir.
Glutaminin Kronik Hastalıklardaki Rolü
Authors: AÇAR Yasemin , AKDEVELİOĞLU Yasemin
Published: September 2023

Glutamin; arjinin, omega-3 yağ asitleri ve nükleotid gibi immünonütrisyon ürünleri arasında yer alan bir besin ögesidir. Aynı zamanda insan vücudunda en bol bulunan amino asit çeşidi olmakla birlikte stres, travma ve sepsis gibi katabolik koşullara bağlı olarak elzem hale gelmektedir. Dolaşımdaki glutamin salınımı ve bulunabilirliği bağırsak, karaciğer ve iskelet kasları gibi temel metabolik organlar tarafından kontrol edilmektedir. Glutaminin hücre içindeki başlıca görevleri arasında; nitrojen dengesinin sağlanması, mukozal immün yanıtın ve glukoz metabolizmasının düzenlenmesi, intestinal doku bütünlüğünün korunması ve asit baz dengesinin sağlanması yer almaktadır. Ayrıca glutaminin lenfosit ve enterositler için substrat görevi görme, glikoneogenezi ve protein sentezini düzenleme ve proinflamatuvar sitokin salınımını baskılama gibi görevleri de bulunmaktadır. Tüm bu özellikleri ile glutamin sağlık üzerindeki etkileri açısından oldukça önemlidir. Kritik hastalık durumunda meydana gelen metabolik değişiklikler nedeniyle, plazma ve iskelet kaslarındaki glutamin depoları tükenmektedir. Bu dönemlerde pozitif nitrojen dengesinin sağlanması adına glutamin takviyesinin yapılması önemlidir. Mevcut çalışmalarda glutamin destekleri oral, enteral ve/veya parenteral olmak üzere çeşitli yollarla yapılmış ve çalışmalarda farklı glutamin dozları kullanılmıştır. Literatürde, glutaminin hastalığa özgü dozu ve en etkin veriliş yolu için kesin bir öneri bulunmamaktadır. Bu derleme, güncel çalışmalardan elde edilen veriler ışığında glutaminin inflamatuvar bağırsak hastalıkları, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, kanser, yara, yanık, stres, travma ve sepsis gibi çeşitli hastalıklar üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yazılmıştır.
Yetişkin ve Pediatrik Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde Hasta Pozisyonlamanın Solunum Sistemine Etkisi
Authors: ÖZGÖREN Çağla , YURDALAN Saadet Ufuk
Published: September 2023

Yoğun bakım ünitelerinde immobilizasyonun olumsuz etkilerini ve mekanik ventilasyon tedavisine bağlı komplikasyonları minimuma indirmek amacıyla fizyoterapi uygulamalarından sıklıkla faydalanılmaktadır. Bu uygulamaların bir ana bileşeni ise vücut pozisyonunun graviteye göre değiştirilmesi temeline dayanan pozisyonlama tedavisidir. İmmobil ve kritik durumdaki hastalarda pozisyonlama uygulamalarının birincil hedefi, oksijen iletimini ve doku oksijenasyonunu korumak ve iyileştirmektir. Pozisyonlama uygulamalarıyla amaçlanan diğer etkiler ventilasyonda artış, uyumlu ventilasyon/perfüzyon oranı, atelektazinin önlenmesi ve ventilatör ilişkili pnömoninin önlenmesidir. Böylece solunum sistemi fizyolojisi ve mekaniğinde iyileşmeler meydana gelecektir. Bu doğrultuda sırtüstü, yüzüstü, belirli derecelerde yüksek sırtüstü yatış, lateral pozisyonlama ve sürekli lateral rotasyon tedavisi yoğun bakım ünitelerinde uygulanabilmektedir. Hastaya ve hastalığa uygun pozisyonlama uygulamalarıyla komplikasyon riski en aza indirilebilir ve solunumsal faaliyetler iyileştirilebilir.
A Neglected Area: Restless Leg Syndrome in Pregnancy and The Role of the Obstetric and Gynecology Nurse
Authors: KAPLAN Özlem , BAŞER Mürüvvet
Published: September 2023

Restless legs syndrome is the most common movement disorder in pregnancy and is more common in pregnant women than in healthy women and men. However, it is not well known among obstetricians. Similarly, the awareness of pregnant women about restless legs syndrome is also low. Genetics, the brain’s dopamine system and iron metabolism are thought to be effective in the pathophysiology of the disease in pregnancy. The disease usually disappears after delivery, but if not treated, sleep disorders, psychological problems, decreased quality of life, as well as symptoms of pregnancy and birth-related complications such as preeclampsia, the threat of miscarriage, premature birth, difficult birth, cesarean delivery and intrauterine growth retardation may occur. Diagnosis in pregnancy is made using the basic criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Working Group. Non-pharmacological methods are primarily recommended for treatment. However, if symptoms are severe, more reliable drugs should be considered. In symptom management, it is essential to control anemia, sleep apnoea, and drug use that exacerbate restless legs syndrome. To reduce the severity of restless legs syndrome during pregnancy, non-pharmacological treatments such as moderate exercise, yoga, hot/cold water applications, relaxation exercise, relaxing background music, and sleep hygiene can be recommended. Obstetrics and gynecology nurses, who have a crucial role and responsibility in pregnancy follow-up, should be able to provide effective and quality care to women in the prepartum, peripartum, intrapartum, and postpartum periods with a comprehensive approach in line with evidence-based practices.
Kalıtsal Kanama Bozukluklarında Kanıta Dayalı Fizyoterapi Yaklaşımları
Authors: POYRAZ İŞLEYEN Tuğçe , TARAKCI Ela
Published: September 2023

Kalıtsal kanama bozuklukları kandaki pıhtılaşma faktörleri eksikliğinden kaynaklanan nadir hastalıklardır. Hemofili A, Hemofili B ve von Willebrand hastalığı prevelansı en fazla olan kanama bozukluklarıdır. Kalıtsal kanama bozukluklarında en sık kas-iskelet sistemi kanamaları gözlenmektedir. Tekrarlayan bu kanamalar eklemde dejenerasyonlara neden olabilmektedir. Muhtemel kanamaların önlenmesi ve hemofilik artropati semptomlarının iyileştirilmesi amacıyla çeşitli fizyoterapi yöntemleri kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı kalıtsal kanama bozukluklarında kanıta dayalı fizyoterapi yaklaşımları hakkında bilgilendirme sağlamaktır.
The Effect of Social Support on Treatment Adherence and Self- Efficacy in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: DURAL Gül , AKTÜRK Ümmühan
Published: September 2023

Objective: To determine the effect of social support on adherence to treatment and selfefficacy in adult patients with type 2 diabetes.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in at a university hospital’s inpatient diabetes clinic between January 2022-April 2022. The sample size of the study was determined as 431 as a result of the power analysis. In the study, Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Adherence Scale to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Treatment and Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale for Patients with Type 2 DM were used as the data collection tools.
Results: It was determined that social support had positive effects on self-efficacy (p < 0.05). It was determined that social support had positive effects on treatment adherence (p < 0.05). Education level, complication, glycated haemoglobin A1c and body mass index were effective on self-efficacy of the patients. Education level, and complication were effective on treatment adherence of the patients (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that social support had a positive effect on the self-efficacy and treatment adherence of the patients. It may be asserted that improving social support of the patients after they were diagnosed with diabetes was beneficial during the disorder and may enhance self-efficacy and treatment adherence levels of the patients.
Examination of the Relationship Between Nutrition, Exercise Behavior and Internet Addiction in Adolescents
Authors: ÇELTEK ORHAN Öznur , KARAYAĞIZ MUSLU Gonca
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between adolescents' nutritionexercise behaviors and internet addiction, as well as identify the factors affecting their eating-exercise behaviors and internet addiction.

Material and Method: This cross-sectional descriptive correlational study was performed in Fethiye. The sample of the study consisted of 421 students attending 11 secondary schools. Data were collected using a descriptive data form, the Internet Addiction Scale and the Nutrition Exercise Behavior Scale. The data were collected by the researcher after obtaining ethical committee and institutional permissions.

Results: The students' psychological/addictive eating behavior subscale mean score was 38.9±8.8, their healthy eating/exercise subscale mean score was 47.6±9.4, the unhealthy eating/exercise behavior subscale mean score was 49.0±7.0, and the meal pattern subscale mean score was 23.4±4.5. The internet addiction scale mean score was 19.6±7.5. The regression analysis showed that variables pertaining to the students’ psychological/ addictive eating behavior, meal patterns, unhealthy nutrition/exercise behavior, their use of the internet for social media and other purposes, their class, and their consciousness of eating during the COVID-19 pandemic explained 35.8% of internet addiction, meaning that the model was statistically significant. An inverse correlation was found between the variables of psychological/addictive eating, meal patterns, unhealthy nutrition/exercise and being conscious of what one was eating during the COVID-19 pandemic, while a positive correlation was found between the variables of using the internet for social media and class.

Conclusion: Pediatric nurses play an important role in supporting the healthy development of adolescents by creating programs to instill healthy lifestyle habits
Hemşirelerin Periferik İntravenöz Kateter Uygulamasına İlişkin Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Uygulamaları
Authors: TAŞKIRAN Nihal , ERDEM ÖNDER Hatice , SARI Dilek , ADAKAYA Sıla
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırma, hemşirelerin periferik intravenöz kateter uygulamasına ilişkin bilgi düzeylerini, etkileyen faktörleri ve uygulamalarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırma, Mart-Aralık 2022 tarihleri arasında İzmir ili sınırlarındaki T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığına bağlı 28 kamu ve 2 üniversite hastanesinde çalışan 401 hemşire ile “Sosyodemografik Form” ve “Periferik İntravenöz Kateter Uygulamaya İlişkin Durum Tespit Formu” kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve bağımsız grupların karşılaştırılmasında t testi ve ANOVA kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık p
‘Ndrangheta Has No Crisis
Authors: Filippova Anna
Published: September 2023

The ongoing emergency situation associated with the spread of the coronavirus is already evident in its potential to cause serious consequences for society, the economy, and the population's psyche. Conversely, the most profound changes often emerge due to unforeseen circumstances that compel people to radically redefine their lifestyles. In such cases, we could potentially derive benefits from a serious situation to formulate future plans and adaptive work strategies. However, given recent events including the uncontrolled spread of the epidemic, the artificial escalation of panic, widespread quarantine measures, and other repercussions, one might expect chaos, crisis, and panic to prevail in many European countries. Italy, especially, should be susceptible to such issues as it held a prominent position in the COVID-19 incidence rankings for a considerable period. Nevertheless, there exist regions and individuals that remain impervious to crisis; their adaptability to any conditions is a skill honed over a prolonged duration. This article delves into the factors contributing to the relatively lower panic and epidemic spread in the southern Italian region of Calabria, specifically examining the role of the criminal subculture known as ‘Ndrangheta. The study analyzes its business and organizational model, which has demonstrated its effectiveness to date and exhibited adaptability to modern lifestyles and changes.
Morphological and Phytochemical Study of Cirsium Arvense from District Mardan Pakistan
Authors:   State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany (LSEB) Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ullah Shakir , Shakir Lubna ,   Govt Post Graduate College Timergara Dir Lower Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa Pakistan, Ullah Rihan ,   Bacha Khan University Charsadda Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa Pakistan
Published: September 2023

In the present study local information, morphology, medicinally uses, collection, stomata studies and phytochemical screening analysis of cirsium arvense has been done. C.arvense is an herbaceous wild plants belong to family asteraceae. The local information about this plant were collected from the local people of that area (Mardan). In the March to April it emerges with flower and stem from the soil. The ideal conditions for growth are high moisture content, high humidity and a temperature of around about 25 C0. This plants are used as antifungal, antiamoebic, antifeedant, antiviral, antibacterial, antimalarial, allergies, sores, anemia, fever, skin diseases and as tonic blood purifier,vermifuge,aborative and insecticide etc. The phytochemical screening analysis of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, phenols has been analyzed which show the presence or absence of these chemical compounds. The carbohydrate in leaf extract, the methanolic extract have carbohydrate present while in the distilled water extract and ethanolic extract was in not present. The carbohydrate in root extract, the methanolic extract shows presence and ethanolic extract shows more presence while the distilled water extract shows absence. The alkaloid in leaf extract, in the ethanolic extract is not present while methanolic extract is present and in distilled water in more amount present. The Alkaloid in root extract, the methanolic extract shows most presence and ethanolic extract shows presence while the distilled water extract shows more presence. The saponins in leaf extract, in the methanolic and ethanolic extract shows presence while in the distilled water have most presence.
A Clinical Case of “Painful” Left Bundle Branch Block in a Female Athlete: “Elective” or Neglected Nosographic Entity?
Authors:   Head of Centre for Sports Cardiology, Ausl della Romagna – District of Cesena, Via Ungaretti 494 47521 Cesena, Italy, Bolognesi Massimo
Published: September 2023

Painful left bundle branch block is a rarely diagnosed chest pain syndrome. This syndrome is caused by intermittent, frequency-dependent LBBB in the absence of myocardial ischemia. Its prevalence, mechanism, detailed electrocardiographic features and effective treatments are still not well understood. With this case report, the author describes the clinical course of an athlete undergoing competitive sports pre-participation screening that led to the diagnosis of painful left bundle branch block syndrome.
Safety, Efficacy, Feasibility of Trans Radial Approach Compared with Trans Femoral Approach in Patients Undergoing Coronary Catheterization
Authors:   Interventional Cardiovascular Consultant & Hypertension Specialist Downriver, Heart& Vascular Specialists USA, Qaradaghi Kamaran Al , Hasan Asan ,   SlemaniShar Cardiac Center hospital Iraq, Sandio Aubin ,   Wayne State University School of Medicine USA, Rahim Kawa , Abbas Sarkawt , Abdukhamitova Shaknoza , imtiaz Lariab , Alsafadi Wasan , Tynes Donald , Shafiq Qaiser
Published: September 2023

Background: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention has been done traditionally through Trans femoral route. Trans Radial route is coming up in the practice. We compared Trans Radial with Trans femoral accesses for ease of operability, time of procedure, complications, and failure rates through a cross sectional study. Objectives: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, feasibility and procedural variables in Trans radial approach compared with the Trans femoral Approach in patients undergoing coronary catheterization. Methods: A total of 180 patients with both chronic and acute coronary syndromes were enrolled in this study, 140cases with Radial 28 of whom were crossed to Femoral access(hence 112 Radials with 108 Right Radial and 4 Left Radial)and 68 cases with Femoral access. Results: Procedural time between Trans Radial and Trans femoral accesses were similar (17.39±10.33 vs19.68±16.62 minutes p 0.36) respectively while among Femoral crossover group was higher (33.50±20.30 minutes p0.01). Fluoroscopy time was (5.51±4.70 in Trans Radial Vs. 7.18 ±7.65 minutes in Trans femoral p 0.07) were similar in both groups. Post procedure access site complications seen in (9% in Trans Radial compared to 7.35% in Trans femoral P 0.048), Access site Hematoma being the most common one (6.25% in Trans Radial vs 4.4% in Trans femoral), Non-flow limiting dissections occurred in (0.89% in Trans Radial VS 1.4% Trans femoral), Radial artery perforation occurred in 1.78%, 1.4% of patients in Femoral group had Femoral artery perforation and had major bleeding. Conclusion: The overall local complications were lower in Trans femoral access, except for major bleeding which is still a big concern. Both vascular Access techniques should not be considered opposite or mutually exclusive, but rather provide the Interventionist a wide spectrum of the therapeutic options.
Impact Anxiety on Quality of Life and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors:   M.Sc, Ministry of Health, Al-Najaf Direction, Al-Sadder Medical Hospital, Al-Najaf, Iraq, Alkhaqani Ahmed Lateef
Published: September 2023

Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are a common ischemic heart disease (IHD) with high morbidity and mortality. Anxiety is common among cardiac patients, has potentially serious consequences if untreated, and is infrequently assessed or managed appropriately. The co-occurrence of anxiety symptoms and ACS is responsible for decreasing the quality of life (QoL) of patients with ACS. Anxiety is a common emotional response among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. Anxiety is frequently encountered in ACS. It is believed that the prevalence of anxiety among cardiac patients is between 15 and 50%. Patients with ACS often experience anxiety due to the sudden onset of symptoms, the potential severity of their condition, and the uncertainty of their prognosis. Anxiety can also be a risk factor for adverse cardiac events and may interfere with treatment adherence and rehabilitation efforts. Therefore, it is important for healthcare providers to recognize and address anxiety in patients with ACS. This can involve a combination of pharmacological interventions, such as benzodiazepines or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and non-pharmacological interventions, such as cognitive behavioural therapy, relaxation techniques, and stress management strategies. Additionally, healthcare providers can provide education and support to help patients better understand their condition and manage their symptoms. The importance of increased awareness and treatment of anxiety among patients with cardiac disease is stressed.
Asparagine Synthetase Deficiency Causing Recurrent Microcephaly: A Rare Case Report
Authors:   Consultant Laparoscopic Surgeon Parkview Hospital, Virar, Mumbai India, Vijay Naiknaware Sachin
Published: September 2023

Asparagine synthesise deficiency is rare autosomal recessive Nero- metabolic inborn error of metabolism. It mainly presents as triad of congenital microcephaly, severe developmental delay and axial hypotonia followed by spastic quadriplegia. It can manifest as microcephaly, intractable seizures and progressive cerebral atrophy. This disorder can only be diagnosed by genetic testing. Recessive mutations in ASNS are responsible for severe neurological phenotype characterised by progressive microcephaly and developmental delay.
Clinical Epidemiological Characterization of Vaginal Infection in Pregnant. “Orlando Matos Mosquera” Polyclinic 2019-2021
Authors:   First and second degree specialist in comprehensive general medicine, assistant professor, associate researcher and master’s degree in comprehensive care for women, Rizo M Elisa Puentes , Aguilar Puentes Alejandro , Aguilar Puentes Ruben , Machado Tejeda Mariam ,   Second-year resident in pediatric surgery, Rodríguez Pedro Rolando López ,   First and second degree specialist in general surgery, assistant professor, consulting professor and assistant researcher.
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Vaginal infection is a disease with a high incidence in pregnancy. It is associated with maternal-fetal complications, being early diagnosis and fundamental treatment. Objective: To clinically and epidemiologically characterize pregnant women with vaginal infection belonging to the “Orlando Matos Mosquera” Polyclinic in the period 2019-2021. Method: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of pregnant women with vaginal infection. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation of the quantitative variables and the absolute frequencies and percentages in qualitative variables whose association was obtained through the Chi-square with 5% significance were obtained. Results: 245 pregnant women were analyzed. The mean age was 25 years. 42.4% were mestizo, 56.4% accompanied or single, 41.2% had an upper secondary level, and 12.7% were housewives. At least 7 out of 10 smoked or had unprotected sex. 80.8% of the examined had vaginal discharge. 75 pregnant women suffered infection by Candida albicans and the average gestational age was 18.58 ± 8.48 weeks of pregnancy, with 37.6% of vaginal infections occurring in the first trimester. 73.0% of the mixed infections had vaginal changes and 66.7% of the infections due to infrequent germs were complicated. 3 out of 10 presented premature rupture of membranes, abortion or preterm delivery. Conclusions: Adolescents and young adults, mestizos, accompanied and with a higher secondary level prevailed. Vaginal discharge as a symptom and Candida albicans infection predominated. There was an association between the variables analyzed and complications.
Non-Surgical Clinical Protocol for the Treatment of a Class II Malocclusion in an Adult
Authors:   Department of Clinical Orthodontics, Egas Moniz High Institute for Health Science, Lisbon, Portugal, Retto Paulo Fernandes
Published: September 2023

A 38-year-old man with a skeletal Class II division 2 malocclusion, whose chief complaints where the unaesthetic appearance and the retruded chin, showed an incompetence for proper function in the anterior region, due to the deep overbite, as observed at clinical examination. He also had a both transversally underdeveloped lower and upper arch, and the absence of teeth 18 and 27. The treatment underwent nonsurgical rapid maxillary expansion with McNamara bonded Haas, and with a Twin-Force, a fixed appliance for correcting sagittal Class II malocclusion, whose purpose is mandibular anterior repositioning, allowed the non-surgical correction of this malocclusion. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the this treatment regarding: the profile, occlusion, dental-skeletal harmony of the patient, in the resolution of a case of skeletal Class II division 2 malocclusion using a Twin Force appliance in an adult. This approach have shown to have a highly acceptable treatment outcome, by correcting the transversal and sagittal problems, and reaching a stable and functional occlusion.