bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On line Bromimetric Determination of Sulphonamides Using Flow Injection with Chemiluminescence Detection
Authors: Bahan Shirwan , Shawket Sirwan
Published: July 2017

Organic compounds that can be brominated by bromine are determined by injection them in acidic solution into bromate-bromide eluent. Unconsumed bromine was monitored using [BrrH2O2-Luminol] chemiluminesence system. The optimum parameters were studied and were found to be the following: KBr 0.2 Al, KI3r03 0.1M, CH3COOH 1M, H202 0.01 M, Luminol 5x10' M, flow rate 3.5 ml mfri 1, and 100 pl sample with frequently of 90K', gave working rang‘s of 10-70 pg , with precision less than 2%. Detection limits of down to 10 ng per 100 pl sample were obtained Application to a methoprim tablet was described.
Three – Mirror Laser Design to Calculate some Plasma Parameters
Authors: Rahim Dilshad
Published: July 2017

In this project, a new design have been suggested to use three r mirror laser as an interferometer by coupling a laser cavity with on other passive one containing low density cold plasma The aim of coupling is to study some important parameters of the plasma via a simply gained broadening technique. The parameters in question are the plasma refractive index (u), and the electron concentration 01.). The design was appearing to he successful when some numerical calculations 'were held and compared to previous experimental works.
The Radioactivity of Shielding Design of a Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy
Authors: Ahmed Ali
Published: July 2017

Radioactivity of let ,rd shielding blocks and the Marinelli beaker used with a computerize Gamma- Ray ,spectroscopy were studied. More than twenty Lines were identified and ascribed to radiomuclides of Uranium. Thorium and Actinium natural decay serieses, as well as the 1461 keV y-line due to natural 40K radio muclide was clearly observed. For these runes, both quantitative and qualitative measurements were one among them, four common lines were determined. Because of the low intensity of other y-lines they were ascribed qualitatively_ Furthermore, several fluorescence lines were observed. A good agreement whit standard results ofN,D.S. and other studies is obtained.
Extra Corporial Shock Wave Lithotripsy Sulaimani Teaching Hospital
Authors: Rasheed Aso
Published: July 2017

A total of 70 patients with urinary stone disease had ESWL therapy in sulaimania teaching

hospital .Disigne; this is a prospective study on a recent available trestment

Clinical assessment were made by post ESWL therapy when the patients pass the gravels and followed by a series of radiological examinations for the success of the

therapy results; tie study showed a success rate of 77% patients required up to 3 months to achieve stone free .

Conclusion; ESWL provide a non invasive,simple

therapy for the management of urinary stone disease, provided the stone is less than 2cm.
Some Features of a Local Private Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic (UGIE) Practice Particularly Dyspeptic Symptoms Predictive Value of the result A prospective analysis of 1700 cases.
Authors: Shaikhani Mohamad , Mahwi Taha
Published: July 2017

Background: Better selection of dyspeptic patients for UGIE to avoid the enormous costs of both overendoscopy & overtreatment is a hot topic of recent litreture ,but no fixed guidelines have been agreed upon yet. Methods: A prospective study of 1700 dyspeptic patients who had undergon UGIE in the UGIE clinic of the authors were examined & asked about common dyspeptic symptoms prior to UGIE then the statistical significance of these symptoms were measured in relation to the UGIEic results by using the qui square analysis regarding P value of < o. o5 as statistically significant Also other features of our UGIE practice were studied as shown in the text. Results:Dyspeptic symptoms can be used for better selection of patients for UGIE ,although UGIE can have reassuring effect on those with functional dyspepsia. The time needed to complete an UGIE & that needed to intubate its different levels was recorded.Dudenal ulceration was the commonest UGIE is finding ,followed by reflux oesophagitis,antral gastritis & carcinoma stomach Aoesophagus .Pyloric ring appearance had a positive predictive value offending a duodenal pathology.
Case Report: Pushing a Stone in the Lower Common Bileduct into the Duodenum
Authors: Saeed Kamal
Published: July 2017

Stone in the common bile duct ( CBD ) may be asymptomatic or the patient prescent with pain, jaundice &fever and rigor. ( charcoats triad ) ( t' 2' 4) Fever and rigor are due to cholangitis , the jaundice is eilh.er intermittent or persistent.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Biological Mixed Organometallic Chromium (III) Complex of Potential Allyl-Sulfur Compounds of Garlic, Allicin
Authors: Andullah M. , Tofiq D.
Published: July 2017

From the readily acid and base hydrolysis (pH - dependence) of loosely Cr - S bond of bis (L- cysteinato)chromium (III) complexes, a biological mixed organometallic

- werner chromium complex, of trans - bis [(n3) s - allyl mercapto cysteinato ] chromium (III) hydroxide, has been synthesized via intermolecular insertion reaction of allyl sulfenic acid, which was extracted and isolated from natural garlic. This complex was characterized using IR, NMR, UV -Visible spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. Also biological activity of the prepared cormplex was tested in vitro.
Visual Investigation of the Radial Energy Distribution of the Ions Produced by a Low Pressure Saddle Field Ion Source
Authors: Mahmood Aras
Published: July 2017

A simple Practical method is used to investigate the distribution of the positive ion in the beam produced by a low pressure saddle field ion source according to their energies. It was found that the more energetic ions are those in the central portion of the ion beam wile the ion energy decreases radially toward the edges of the beam.
Invariable (2x2) Linear Systems
Authors: Ramadhan Ayad , Jabbar Adil
Published: July 2017

This paper discusses a new type of (2x2) linear systems called invariable system, which depends on the determinants idea. Also, it gives a relation between the solution of the original system and the system after changing (bj's).
Ductility Ratio and Toughness Index of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Subjected to High Temperature
Authors: M. Ahmed , Qarani Omer
Published: July 2017

Ductility ratio and toughness index were studied for two -way reinforced concrete slabs subjected to high temperature and cooling. . Empirical equations were developed to predict the ductility ratio and toughness index ( in terms of temperature and reinforced ratio) of such slabs under uniformly distributed load . These proposed equation gave good agreement when compared with the experimental results, with a correlation factor for ductility ratio and toughness index of 0.94 and 0.95 ,respectively.
Stress-Strain Curve of Fibrous Concrete in Compression
Authors: Aziz Omer , Abdul-Ahad Ramzi
Published: July 2017

A simple experimental technique was used to obtain the stress-strain curves of the normal weight concrete containing steel fibers. An analytic expression for the stress-strain relationship of the normal weight fibrous concrete is developed. Equations to predict the ultimate strain and the block stress parameters of the fibrous concrete were developed to reflect experimental results. The analytic expression has four constants, which depend on the properties of both the ascending and descending portion of the stress-strain curve and can be evaluated from the knowledge of the four key points of the curve.
Cost Comparison and Performance of Different Types of Reinforcement for Two –Way Slabs
Authors: Muhamed Ahmed
Published: July 2017

The effectiveness of the member should not take only from strength point of view, but also from other considerations. A cost analysis of two-way concrete slabs was studied. The variables were type of reinforcement (bars,fibers, and wire meshes),and cost of materials (including cost of labors). The results indicated that the variation of steel content and labor prices seems to have a significant contribution in the cost objective function. Cost of ferrocemnt slab panels is high relative to its performance, while fibrous slab panels have more ductility with less cost.
A Reconnaissance Gravity and Magnetic Study in Aqra Plain
Authors: Ghaib Fadhil , Abdul-Karim Salih , Mohammad Rashied
Published: July 2017

A gravity and magnetic survey was carried out as a first study of this kind in Aqra plain area (NE of lraq). The survey occupied 116 gravity stations a long the main roads, as

well as some sub roads. In addition that 29 magnetic readings along the main road between Aqra town and Bardarash village where taken. The aim of this work is to obtain the main subsurface, shallow and deep structural units. The regional and residual anomalies for both gravity and magnetic data have been analysed qualitatively were related to the expected geological features. The study showed that the basement

rocks slope towards north and northeast with a depth of a bout 6-7km.
The Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori in Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors: Baban Fuad , Mohammad Mohammad
Published: July 2017

Background: Helicobacter pylori are a gram negative spiral bacilli that cause one of the most chronic infection through out the world. Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with many important and serious gastrointestinal diseases like peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, a known precursor of gastric carcinoma.

Method: we studied the prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection in a group of patients who presented with various upper G.I discomfort between marches 1997-November 1999. 400 patients were enrolled , they were examined clinically and by upper G.1 endoscopy and 2 piece biopsy were taken from the antrum for rapid wease test for detection of helicobacter pylori infection  

Results: Helicobacter pylori infection is a common infection and for any age group

the incidence of infection was more than 60% , pain was the most common presenting symptom (%93), patient harboring ulcer were 88% positive for urease ( 89% in DU, 86% in GU), 72% of patients with endoscopic findings other than ulcer were urease positive and 70% of patients with gastric carcinoma were positive while 64% of patients with negative endoscopy ( non ulcer dyspepsia) were urease positive.

 

Conclusion: infection with helicobacter pylori is common in this community and is strongly associated with an increase risk of peptic ulcer, gastritis and

gastric carcinoma however many dyspeptic patients with Helicobacter pylori infection have no endoscopic abnormality ( Functional, non ulcer dyspepsia)

we found that urease test is a rapid, cheap and practical test for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection.
The Bacteriology of Acute complicated Appendicitis and its Septic Complication in Sulaimani, Iraq
Authors: Faraj Faruk , Amin Falah
Published: July 2017

Objectives: to determine the role of bacterial infection in acute complicated appendicitis and its septic complications in Sulaimani territory. Design: Prospective study setting: Sulaimani Teaching Hospital (ST4),Sulaimani lraq. Methods : Study of 50 patients  (29 men find 21 women, aged 9-60 years with mean, age, of 25.7 years) with acute complicated appendicitis, at the department of surgery, STH, between the 1st of Sept.1995 to 30th of Oct.1996, in order to examine the relevance of culturing peritoneal swabs for the antibiotics given and to determine the bacteriology of the cases ond wound infection . Results: E.Coli was the

most frequently isolated aerobes while Bacteria were the most common anaerobes in both aspects of the study . In 90% of these cases, the cultured baceria were completely sensitive to gentamycin and metronidazole (flagyl) and we conclude that these drugs are the most useful agents in the management of complicated cases of acute appendicitis and are cost-effective and no deaths occurred in this study.
A Parametric Comparison Between the Behavior 1S0 and 3S1 of Helium and the Excited S-Stated of Neon in Helium Neon Laser
Authors: Abdulrahman Parekhan
Published: July 2017

Gas-discharges have a wide range of spectroscopic parameters including the after-glow excitations. If a fixed mixture of He and Ne is operated as a traditional discharge phenomenon,-then the important parameters could be measured spectroscopically. This project dims to parantetric comparison between the situation of both metastables of He states and the excited S-states of Ne in terms of different collision cross-sections, life-time considerations, spectral notations and many, other resonant transfer parameters. The results were expected to b  favorable and suitable for our purposes and they were optimum for a mixture of He and Ne in low power gas lasers.
The Antibacterial activity of Pistacia Khinjuk resionous exudates
Authors: Al-Jaff Bahrouz
Published: July 2017

A crude resinous exudate from Pistacia lentiscus related Pistacia khinjuk tree distributed in Kurdistan mountains has been used focally in curing some lesions including burns. The preparation solved in 50% ethanol and diluted by distilled water was appeared to have antibacterial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the resin by well diffusion agar for Staphylococcus aureus was 50 pg/ml and with no effect on P. aeruginosa. By dilution broth method, MIC was 125 pg/ml for S. aureus and 500 pg/ml for P. aeruginosa .The killing effect against P. aeruginosa occurs also by the solvent 50% ethanol which revealed that resin has no effect on this species. The minimum bactericidal concentration was the same of MIC for both species. The effect of resin was not belonged to phenol only that the MIC of phenol by well diffusion agar was lower than resin for S. aureus.
The Role of Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) in Antiprolactin Activity
Authors: Sabir Dlawer , Putros Basima
Published: July 2017

The role of polyphenoi oxidase which has been extracted from Mellssia officinalis and purified

by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography rn'as tested on phenolic compounds such as:

chlorogenic acid and catechol to decrease the level of proiactin. Similarly the effect of l00mg of freeze-dried exhact of the plant and I 00mg of 20% oxidation products of freeze-dried extract have been studied. The rnost effective treatment, was the enz)rme trealnlent, which had reduced the prolactin 1evel fram3.372 nglrnl to 1.7644 ng/ml .This reveals that such products, which rvere formed by the enzyme action on the substrates catechol and chlorogenic acid couldbe used to reduce the proiactinby individuals who suffer from hyperprolactinemia ,It is rvell hrown that hypelprolactinemra reduces libido sexual impotence and infertility in men.
Influence of Copper on the Catalytic Activity of Supported Rhodium Catalysts in the Reactions of CO Oxidation and NO Reduction
Authors: Petrov L.A. , Soria J. , Cataluna R.
Published: July 2017

The catalytic activity of Cu, Rh, and Rh/Cu, catalysts supported on Al2O3, CeO2 and CeO2/Al2O3 in reactions of CO oxidation and NO reduction has been studied in temperature-programmed regime. Addition of Cu to Rh catalysts decreases temperature at which 5 and 50% degree of conversion, while end of reaction temperature is not influenced by presence of Cu. The presence of Cu has positive effect on the activity of Rh containing catalysts in the low temperature region. Cu has noticeable promoting effect mainly for the catalytic activity in the reaction of CO oxidation and in smaller extent for the reaction of NO reduction. Preliminary redox treatment of the catalysts decreases the light off temperature in the reactions of CO oxidation and in NO reduction. Thermal treatment at temperatures up to 973 K does not have sensible effect on the catalytic activities of all studied catalysts. Calcination at 1073 K, however, strongly decreases the catalytic activity of Rh/Cu/CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts.
Effective Catalytic Method of Diamantane Isomer Synthesis
Authors: Kulazhanov K.S. , Omarkulov T.O. , Suleimenova M.Sh.
Published: July 2017

General principles of effect of the nature of metal-catalyst, carrier, solvent, method of preparation and temperature of catalyst reduction and other parameters (PH2, T, etc) on the process of hydrogenolysis of “binor-S” into pentacyclotetradecane have been studied and stated. On the basis of the results obtained a new effective and economical method of diamantane isomer synthesis has been elaborated. The presence of supported platinum catalyst (10-15% Pt/C) allows to proceed the reaction under mild conditions (0.1-10 MPa, 60-80 °C and in non-aggressive medium (water) with a quantitative yield of the product. It was stated with the help of a complex of physico-chemical methods of investigation (RPES, IR-spectroscopy, NMR, 13C, PMR, etc) that the methods of preparation and the temperature range of reduction of supported platinum catalysts contributing to the formation of highly dispersed metal particles (2.5-5.0 mm) and their uniform distribution on the carrier surface increase the activity and selectivity of platinum in the reaction of hydrogenolysis of “binor-S” into pentacyclotetradecane. It was shown that the more is the dispersity of metal and the value of the carrier surface, the higher is the activity and selectivity of supported platinum catalysts due to the peculiarity of electronic structure of small particles as well as the influence of the carrier on stabilization of the metal surface structure, i.e. the process of hydrogenolysis of “binor-S” belongs to the type of structure-sensitive reactions.
N-Decane Conversion Over Modified Zeolite-Containing Catalysts
Authors: Zakumbaeva G.D. , Tuktin B.B. , Parmankulov M.Zh. , Egizbaeva R.I.
Published: July 2017

The effect of decationized forms of zeolites (ZSM, NaY and clinoptilolite) on the hydrocracking and hydroisomerization activity of alumina catalysts modified by metals in the n-decane conversion has been shown. The synthesized catalysts were studied in a laboratory flow reactor at temperature of 350-500 °C and P= 2.0 MPa and feeding flow rate = 2.0-6.0 hr-1. It has been established that both n-decane conversion and  selectivity of isomer formation depend on the nature of modified additives. The GK-3 catalyst synthesized on the base of high silica ZSM-zeolite has the most cracking and isomerization activity.
Biodestruction of Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Authors: Svarovskaya L.I. , Altunina L.K.
Published: July 2017

Biodegradation of light and high-viscosity oils by hydrocarbon-oxidizing microflora has been studied. Microflora was isolated from the formation waters recovered from West Siberian and “White Tiger” (Vietnam) oil fields. To activate microorganisms one used the solution of IKhN-KA system containing a multi-component nitrogenous nutrient substrate. Under the condition of active development of microorganisms during 5 days of biodegradation the concentration of n-alkanes C10-C32 in light oils decreased by 70-85 % and that of viscous oil – by 86-93 %. Destruction of mono-aromatic compounds accounted for 55-65 % and that of aromatic compounds of naphthalene series – 70-90 %. The content of methyl- and
trimethyl phenanthrenes decreased 3 times. Therefore a degree of oil destruction depends on nutrient substrates, which stimulate biochemical processes of vital activity.
Институциональная ловушка ОПК
Authors: Пошелюжный Станислав Владимирович
Published: July 2017

В статье рассматриваются экономико-правовые аспекты регулирования российского внутреннего рынка производства вооружений и порождаемые им проблемы эффективности. Ключевым признаком формирования институциональной среды признается методика ценообразования и складывающиеся на её основе взаимоотношения между заказчиком и производителями военной техники. С обеих сторон указывают на то что текущий формат взаимодействия нуждается в реформировании. Основные варианты реформирования отрасли включают: пересмотр формулы расчета цены, трансформацию отрасли на основе увеличения числа хозяйствующих субъектов и создание централизованного расчетного центра. Наиболее эффективной признается стратегия реформирования оборонно-промышленного комплекса первый шаг которой – изменение формулы расчета цены со стороны Министерством обороны, т.к. именно она выступает главным фактором, стимулирующим производителей отрасли изыскивать возможности для повышения издержек.
Укол вакцины под названием «народные кооперативы» для создания формы импортозамещения сельскохозяйственной продукции на примере Липецкой области
Authors: Широкова Ольга Вячеславовна , Авцинова Анна Александровна , Пятница Мария Александровна
Published: July 2017

В статье рассмотрены проблемы развития сельского хозяйства нашей страны. Санкции России в отношении ряда стран по поставкам продукции дают возможность российским производителям быть более конкурентными, открывают доступ на полки торговых сетей именно отечественных товаров. Эти санкции являются реальным стимулом для отечественных производителей. Импортозамещение в сельском хозяйстве – это самое приоритетное направление экономического развития в ближайшем будущем. Так имеется смысл развивать выпуск отечественных высококлассных аналогов, открывать перерабатывающие предприятия и осваивать технологии, повышать поголовье скота и т.п.
Метод дорожного картирования в деятельности региональных управленческих команд субъектов Российской Федерации
Authors: Никитин Андрей Сергеевич
Published: July 2017

Статья посвящена проблематике формирования и реализации «дорожных карт» в системе государственного управления. Исследовано актуальное теоретическое знание и международный опыт по вопросам дорожного картирования. С применением комплексного, формально-юридического, «включенного» анализа, а также метода сравнения изучена практика составления и реализации «дорожных карт» региональными управленческими командами субъектов Российской Федерации в сфере улучшения инвестиционного и предпринимательского климата. Выявлены недостатки существующей методики дорожного картирования в государственном секторе, а именно: отсутствие в «дорожных картах» раздела по оценке возможных рисков и разработке альтернатив целедостижения; неучет жизненного цикла проекта в дорожных картах по внедрению успешных муниципальных практик; отсутствие консенсуса экспертного и ведомственного сообщества по вопросам систематики показателей оценивания, критериев и количественных значений данных показателей; риск формализации работы муниципальных образований по внедрению «дорожных карт». Обоснованы рекомендации о развитии инфраструктуры, корректировке методики и совершенствовании технологий дорожного картирования в сфере улучшения инвестиционного и предпринимательского климата региональными управленческими командами субъектов РФ.
Influencing Positive Outcomes For Troubled Youth
Authors: Haggis Diane
Published: July 2017

The BHB Theory (Haggis, 2011) is based on an empirical case study that examined teachers’ perceptions of what they do in their educational settings to create a positive learning environment for troubled youth in their classrooms. Research - including this study - indicates a need for transformational change in how teachers interrelate with students in education environments intended for at risk-youth. Traditionally, approaches to working with troubled youth have been punitive in design.  Research indicates that this approach is counterproductive and that teachers have the opportunity to build capacity for success with at risk-youth through the use of peers; building social competencies; role modeling; relationship building; setting high expectations and fostering student strengths. Understanding what effective teachers working with troubled youth do to create a positive learning environment in their classrooms is critical for identifying factors that influence a positive outcome for students in such programs. The descriptive case study described utilized a mixed methods approach using teachers within two residential schools. The BHB study’s data analysis discovered that there was significant agreement among the teacher participants of the study about factors perceived as strongly influential in creating a positive learning environment for their students.  Consistent with prior research, these factors included providing a classroom atmosphere that supports positive peer relationships, setting high expectations for student success, encouraging students to take responsibility for their own actions, strong relationship building and generating an environment of trust and respect.  Recommendations for strengthening teacher practice are offered.
Faraday’s Principle And Air Travel In The Introductory Labs
Authors: Abdul-Razzaq Wathiq , Thakur Saikat Chakraborty
Published: July 2017

We all know that we must improve the quality of teaching in science at all levels.  Not only physicists but also many students from other areas of study take the introductory physics courses in college.  Physics introductory laboratories (labs) can be one of the best tools to help these students understand applications of scientific principles that affect our lives. However, traditional labs are considered by many students, especially non-physics majors, as uninteresting due to the lack of real life applications.  In this study, we develop a lab experiment that uses air travel to understand one of the most important concepts in physics: the induced voltage per Faraday’s law.
The Level Of Possession Of The Students At The Hashemite University Of Professional And Family Counseling Skills In Light Of Achievement And Gender Variables
Authors: ALharbi Bassam H.M. , Mhaidat Fatin
Published: July 2017

The present study aimed to identify the level of owning a field training students majoring in psychological counseling at the Hashemite University of professional and family counseling skills in light of achievement and gender variables. The subjects of the study comprised of (100) subjects of field training students in the second semester of the academic year 2014-2015. A questionnaire was used in this study to identify the professional counseling skills and another questionnaire for family counseling skills. Results of the study have shown that field training students majoring in psychological counseling at the Hashemite University own professional and family counseling skills moderately. The results also indicated that the level of students' possession of the professional and family counseling skills rises as GPA rises and that females are more equipped to those skills, compared with males.
An Economic Multipoint Gravitational Model Expression Of A Transactional Analysis Game: An Application To Recreational Private Land Use Decisions
Authors: Johnson Rutherford
Published: July 2017

The outcome of interactions between various economic actors has a decided subconscious component. Transactional analysis (TA), which was developed in the late 1950s, provides a cognitive theory about the way that human beings interact with each other on a subconscious level that can be applied to investigation of economic decision making. TA, founded by physician Eric Berne, explains a number of potential human interactions, or social transactions, by framing them as subconscious games. Individual economic actors in markets interact with each other. Those interactions may be influenced at least somewhat by subconscious cognitive processes and TA games. Additionally, because individuals gain experience through each interaction, there may reasonably be expected to exist an historical component in which the subconscious response of economic actors to others in the market and to the subconscious games of others in the market may change over time based on their experiences in prior games. As an extension, an individual’s subconscious response to other economic actors may in part be based on the influence of information, either conveyed through games or via other sources. This study investigates decision strategy in the context of marketplace interaction in which outcomes are influenced by subconscious social transaction games played between individuals. The decision by land owners of whether or not to open private land to outside parties for recreational use is considered as an example. Because interaction necessarily involves some form of influence, the interaction and decision strategy are modeled mathematically by an economic multipoint gravitational model in which each actor both influences all other actors and is influenced by them.
Impact Of Board Characteristics On Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure
Authors: Rehman Ramiz Ur , Ikram Amir , Malik Fizzah
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study is to explore the link between corporate governance characteristics and corporate social responsibility disclosure of listed companies in the Pakistan stock Exchange (PSX), Pakistan. A sample of 179 companies from financial and non-financial sectors are studied from 2009 to 2015. The data is collected from their annual reports and websites. Binary logistic regression analysis is employed to test the models. The results reveal that board size, number of meetings and board independence are significant corporate governance characteristics to establish the link with corporate social responsibility disclosure. This study also explore that the trend of CSR disclosure is increasing in financial as well as non-financial sector. Additionally, the companies disclose their CSR activities lead in financial performance as compare to their counterpart. This study adds in the literature to explore the influence of board characteristics on corporate social responsibility disclosure from a developing country’s perspective.
Impact Of Social Media Advertising On High Energy Drink Preferences And Consumption
Authors: Rambe Patient , Jafeta Retumetse Joyce
Published: July 2017

Despite the surging appropriation of social media by marketers for communicative marketing of brands, what remains under-explored in literature is the capacity of social media platforms to influence student preferences for brands. This research gap is ironic given the growing literature on the potential of self-images shared on social media to influence consumers’ product preferences and purchase intentions. Drawing on Media Richness Theory, agency, extant literature and authors’ personal reflections on social media adoption for brand selection by students, this theoretical study examines how students navigate such platforms to make informed choices about energy drinks. The findings suggest while students exploited social media platforms intermittently to access energy drink brands, their brand preferences and choices were informed by personal agency (especially personal volition, peer influences, convenience and availability of brands) more than social media networks per se. The study contributes a conceptual model that integrate social media appropriation, consumer decision making, brand preferences and purchases. While the model is untested, its methodological strength lays in its reliance on extant literature, proven concepts, anecdotes of student consumption behavior and authors’ knowledge of social media, which are critical to deepening academics and policy makers’ understanding of social media-brand preference relations in real world contexts.
Differentiation Strategy, CSR, And Real Activities Earnings Management: Evidence From Korea
Authors: Chun Sungbin , Cho Eunho
Published: July 2017

We empirically investigate whether a differentiation strategy constrains real activities earnings management (RAEM). Further, considering corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities are a popular tool of differentiation strategy, we examine whether interactive synergy between CSR activities and the differentiation strategy strengthens the negative relationship between differentiation strategy and RAEM. Using a sample of 659 firm-year observations of Korean manufacturing listed firms during 2005-2010, we find that differentiation strategy is negatively associated with RAEM, suggesting that firms pursuing a differentiation strategy are likely to refrain from managing earnings using RAEM that goes against their strategy. We also observe that interactive synergy between differentiation and CSR strengthens the negative relationship between differentiation strategy and RAEM, implying that synergy effect between CSR and differentiation strategy even more constrains RAEM that is in conflict with both CSR and differentiation strategy. These findings are robust after we perform sensitivity tests. This study contributes to the literature by providing the first evidence on the relationship between differentiation strategy and RAEM and the moderating role of CSR activities on the relationship.
An Empirical Assist To Determine Whether An Activity Is Engaged In For A Profit
Authors: Englebrecht Ted D. , Dowis W. Brian , Cox Justin S.
Published: July 2017

Taxpayers engage in activities for both tax and nontax reasons.  Some of these undertakings are geared to earn a profit.  Other activities provide personal pleasure and recreation.  Regardless of the activity type, expenses are incurred and can be substantial.  Depending on the type of engagement, profit may or may not be achieved.  Naturally, many of these pursuits are undertaken for a number of consecutive years.  Because of the tax benefits these activities possess, this issue remains highly litigated and closely scrutinized by the Internal Revenue Service.  This study investigates the guidance delineated by the Service and creates a model of the significant variables that affect the judiciary’s decision-making.  Backwards stepwise logistic regression is used to create the model.  Chi-square is also used to determine statistical significance between the decision rendered and judge’s gender.  Also, political affiliation of the judge is examined.  The one variable (manner in which the taxpayer carries on an activity) model created correctly classifies 96.3% of the decisions made in the U.S. Tax Court.  Additionally, a statistically significant difference is found between male and female judges.  However, no difference is found based on the political affiliation of the judge.
Faith’s Country Primitives: An Excel Project In Flexible Budgeting And Standard Cost Analysis
Authors: Silvester Katherine J.
Published: July 2017

Cost accounting textbooks typically contain extensive technical coverage of standard costing and variance analysis in a manufacturing context.  Covering the material adequately usually requires multiple class lectures, due to the complexity of the material. The calculations involved are detailed, multi-step, and can be numerically intensive.  In order to make the material accessible to the learner, most textbook problems focus on the individual steps inherent in the budgeting, calculation, analysis, and interpretation process of standard costing and variance analysis. This simplification makes it feasible to deliver the material efficiently in the classroom.  However, this pedagogical efficiency occurs at a cost, in that students may fail to understand the overall process and how the individual steps are interrelated.   This case has been used over the course of 10 semesters with over 500 students in a junior level Cost Accounting class for accounting majors.  It has proven to be an effective tool for both reinforcing the variance analysis content that is delivered in the classroom, as well as for giving students an opportunity to practice and extend their Excel skills.
Lawzone: Mapping unmet legal need
Authors: Owen Richard
Published: July 2017

Mapping unmet legal need assists university law clinics plan activities to meet the needs of the communities they serve.  This article, by looking at a project where students started mapping unmet legal need in their locality, will consider the pedagogical issues associated with identifying unmet legal need and how it might enable university law clinics to be better embedded into their local communities by considering aspects of physical and human geography when considering injustice.  It will also look at exiting research methodologies in this area and how mapping unmet legal need can develop students’ empirical research skills.  The article also assesses the project’s aims to develop attributes such as entrepreneurship, as well utilising teaching practices such as visualisation to enable students to think spatially to perceive and understand social inequalities more clearly.  It will argue that involving students in mapping unmet legal need will help them make those services more accessible; devise holistic solutions to clients’ problems; and enable them to work more effectively with other disciplines to both their own and their clients’ benefit.
Another clinical story to tell
Authors: Tomoszková Veronika , Tomoszek Maxim
Published: July 2017

When Stefan H. Krieger presented his keynote speech “Stories Clinicians Tell” in 2012 at Law School of the Palacký University in Olomouc (Palacký Law School), it was the culmination of the Complex Law Teaching conference and very emotional moment for the whole clinical team of Palacký Law School, but we believe also for Professor Krieger himself.
Leishmaniose Visceral em Doentes com Infeção VIH: O Desafio da Recaída e Falência Terapêutica
Authors: Cipriano Patrícia , Miranda Ana Cláudia , Antunes Isabel , Mansinho Kamal
Published: July 2017

Introdução: A leishmaniose visceral é uma infeção disseminada endémica, considerada a terceira infeção parasitária oportunista mais frequente na Europa. É mais prevalente nos doentes co-infetados por vírus da imunodeficiência humana, em que acarreta um grande desafio terapêutico pelo risco acrescido de recaída. O objetivo do estudo é a caraterização de uma população co-infetada e da eficácia dos esquemas terapêuticos.Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo de uma amostra seleccionada de todos os doentes com leishmaniose visceral e infeção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana internados num período de 10 anos num serviço de Infeciologia.Resultados: Foram incluídos 23 doentes co-infetados, dois do sexo feminino (8,7%). A contagem média de células TCD4+ à data do diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral foi de 104,4 cels/uL (± 120,3 cels/uL), apenas dois doentes tinham carga viral indetetável (< 20 cópias/mL) e 16 (69,6%) não cumpriam terapêutica antirretroviral à data do diagnóstico. Como terapêutica optou-se por anfotericina B lipossómica em 18 doentes, antimoniato de meglumina em quatro e miltefosine num caso. Catorze (60,9%) aderiram a esquema de profilaxia secundária. Verificou-se uma taxa de recaída de 26,1% (seis doentes).Discussão: A co-infeção leishmaniose-vírus da imunodeficiência humana está associada a maior taxa de falência terapêutica e recaída, sendo a contagem de células TCD4+ o principal fator preditivo de recaída e o cumprimento de esquemas de quimioprofilaxia inequívoco na redução da mesma. A terapêutica combinada com anfotericina B lipossómica e miltefosine regista taxas de falência inferiores ao esquema clássico.Conclusão: Conclui-se que esquemas alternativos e combinados parecem ser uma alternativa nesta população.
Structural behaviour of ferrocement channels slabs for low cost housing
Authors: Shaheen Yousry B. I. , Eltehawy Essam A.
Published: July 2017

This paper presents a new pre cast U-shape ferrocement forms reinforced with various types of metallic and non-metallic mesh reinforcement. This research was designed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of employing various types of reinforcing meshes in the construction of structural slabs incorporating permanent U-shape ferrocement forms as a viable alternative for conventional reinforced concrete slabs. Fiber glass meshes reinforcement was used for durability and protection against corrosion of reinforcing steel. To accomplish this objective, an experimental program was conducted. The experimental program comprised casting and testing ten slabs having the total dimensions of 500x100x2500 mm incorporating 40 mm thick U-shape permanent ferrocement forms. Series A consists of two conventionally reinforced concrete slabs were cast and tested and used as control slab without fibers and with fibers, volume fraction, 2.05 % and 2.177 %. Series B comprises of two slabs reinforced with one and two layers of expanded steel mesh, volume fraction 2.09 and 2.42% respectively. Series C comprises two slabs reinforced with two and four layers of welded galvanized steel mesh, having volume fraction 2.05 and 2.189% respectively. Series D Consists of two slabs reinforced with one layer and two layers of fiber glass meshes, having volume fraction 2.107 and 2.277% respectively. Series E comprises two slabs reinforced with 2 layers expanded steel mesh and one layer expanded steel mesh, having volume fraction 1.357 and 2.750 % respectively. The test specimens were tested as simple slabs under four-line loadings condition on a span of 2300mm. The performance of the test slabs in terms of strength, stiffness, strains, cracking behavior, ductility, and energy absorption properties was investigated. The behavior of the developed slabs was compared to that of the control slabs. The experimental results showed that high ultimate and serviceability loads, better crack resistance control, high ductility, and good energy absorption properties could be achieved by using the proposed slabs and low cost compared with control specimen.
RÁDIO E CIDADANIA: um estudo comparado da atuação de rádios de Lisboa e de Brasília
Authors: Silva Valquíria Guimarães da
Published: July 2017

É fundamental discutir o papel da mídia como um dos principais fóruns de discussão em sociedades democráticas. Neste trabalho analisamos a relação entre cidadania e rádio. A nossa intenção foi compreender como a rádio contribui para o entendimento de mundo indispensável à formação de opiniões sobre questões relevantes ao exercício da cidadania. Para isso estudámos as grades de programação de rádios em Lisboa e em Brasília, nos anos 2011 e 2012, e realizamos entrevistas com os respectivos diretores. Também realizamos grupos focais, no contexto de diversas organizações sociais, para compreender a relação dos cidadãos com a rádio. Observamos que a rádio continua a ter um grande potencial cívico, mas neste momento, de um modo geral, a sua programação pouco contribui para a promoção de uma cidadania efetiva.
Terceirização e Precarização do Trabalho na Política Pública de Assistência Social
Authors: Pereira Maria Érica Ribeiro , Tassigny Mônica Mota , Bizarria FABIANA Pinto de Almeida
Published: July 2017

A Constituição Federal de 1988 elevou a Assistência Social (AS) à condição de política pública. Hodiernamente, constam-se avanços legais significativos que a referendam como direito. A pesquisa busca analisar a gestão do trabalho na AS, com discussão sobre a terceirização. Para tanto, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com base em leitura qualitativa e inspiração no materialismo histórico. Observou-se que a AS possui um conjunto de normas (NOB/RH/SUAS, de 2006; Tipificação Nacional de Serviços, de 2009; Lei 12.435/2011; NOB/SUAS, de 2012) que institui parâmetros de profissionalização, capacitação, desprecarização dos vínculos, com foco especial no fim da terceirização, e condições dignas de trabalho em seu âmbito, representando os meios e instrumentos da gestão do trabalho. Contudo, as condições materiais e institucionais indicam dissonância entre os elementos legais e a realidade dos laboradores, os quais convivem com a persistência da precarização do trabalho e dos trabalhadores. Essa ligada à terceirização está acoplada ao aprofundamento de estruturas improvisadas e insuficientes; rotatividade, superexploração dos terceirizados, o que compromete a qualidade dos serviços oferecidos aos usuários, à medida que a terceirização coloca os direitos mediados por duas instituições distintas, em uma mistura idiossincrática entre o público e o privado, podendo descaracterizá-la como espaço de direito. Destarte, constata-se um paradoxo na política: a tentativa de garantir direitos aos usuários, mediados por trabalhadores precarizados.
Experimental assessment of soil effects on the leakage discharge from polyethylene pipes
Authors: Latifi Milad , Naeeni Seyyed Taghi (Omid) , Mahdavi Amir
Published: July 2017

Leaking water from pipes depends on several factors such as pressure, pipe material, types of cracks and holes and also regime of flow through cracks. The effects of these factors on the leakage have been investigated by several researchers. However, few studies have been found considering the effects of soil around the pipes on the leakage discharge. Here, the leakage from polyethylene pipes is simulated in the laboratory, selecting several soils with different specifications. The leak discharge equation is adjusted to evaluate the effects of soil characteristics. Accordingly, grain diameter greater than 10% and 50% passing, coefficient of uniformity, coefficient of curvature, liquidity limit, plastic limit, plasticity index and hydraulic permeability have been considered to represent the soil properties. It is observed that the leakage is changed in accordance with most of the above parameters. The effects of grain diameter greater than 50% passing, plastic limit and hydraulic permeability are higher on the leakage, comparing to those of other parameters. However, no meaningful relationship is observed between the leakage and some parameters. The effects of significant characteristics are shown by the equations presented in this study.
How to Write a Photo Novel. Ennio Jacobelli’s Istruzioni pratiche per la realizzazione del fotoromanzo (1956)
Authors: Baetens Jan , Van den Bergh Carmen , Van Den Bossche Bart
Published: July 2017

This article offers first a brief historical overview of the photo novel, which is much more than a comics with photographs. Key to a good understanding of the genre is the close connection with the world of women's weeklies and melodrama culture. In a second part, the article addresses the issue of authorship in photo novels and the tension between collective authorship and individual creation and examines the role of the editorial voice of the magazine, which is paramount in the world of the photo novel, where individual creations were not always signed. In its third and last part, the article offers a close-reading of a rare document, a  1956 photo novel manual by Ennio Jacobelli, entitled Istruzione pratiche per la realizzazione del fotoromanzo (“practical guide for the production of a photonovel”). In our analysis, the main focus is on the gap between the actual production of the photo novel in these years and the models and advices given by the manual.
The Final Problem: Constructing Coherence in the Holmesian Canon
Authors: Ulleland Hoel Camilla
Published: July 2017

The death and resurrection of Sherlock Holmes, a contrarian reading in which Holmes helps the murderer, and the century-long tradition of the Holmesian Great Game with its pseudo-scholarly readings in light of an ironic conviction that Holmes is real and Arthur Conan Doyle merely John Watson’s literary agent. This paper relies on these events in the afterlife of Sherlock Holmes in order to trace an outline of the author function as it applies to the particular case of Doyle as the author of the Sherlock Holmes stories. The operations of the author function can be hard to identify in the encounter with the apparently natural unity of the individual work, but these disturbances at the edges of the function make its effects more readily apparent. This article takes as its starting point the apparently strong author figure of the Holmesian Great Game, in which “the canon” is delineated from “apocrypha” in pseudo-religious vocabulary. It argues that while readers willingly discard provisional readings in the face of an incompatible authorial text, the sanctioning authority of the author functions merely as a boundary for interpretation, not as a personal-biographical control over the interpretation itself. On the contrary, the consciously “writerly” reading of the text serves to reinforce the reliance on the text as it is encountered.The clear separation of canon from apocrypha, with the attendant reinforced author function, may have laid the ground not only for the acceptance of contrarian reading, but also for the creation of apocryphal writings like pastiche and fan fiction.