bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Outcomes of Transition-Age Youth With Disabilities: A Life Course Perspective
Authors: Shogren Karrie A. , Wittenburg David
Published: December 2019

This article synthesizes policy and intervention options for youth with disabilities based on recent reports from the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the Department of Labor Office of Disability Employment Policy. To frame findings from both reports, we utilize a life course approach. This approach is important as youth’s needs for supports change as they age, particularly as they prepare to transition from school to the adult world. Our summary highlights potential challenges and then describes promising education and employment interventions. An important theme is the importance of cross-agency collaboration. There is a particular need for a more cohesive, long-term strategy to address gaps in fragmented services to develop the necessary evidence to enhance the long-term outcomes.
Underlying Factors Influencing Consumers’ Trust and Loyalty in E-commerce
Authors: Aslam Wajeeha , Hussain Annas , Farhat Kashif , Arif Imtiaz
Published: December 2019

Customer loyalty and trust are the key factors for long-term profitability and growth for organizations. Regardless of the rapid growth and popularity of the e-commerce, still companies face difficulties in gaining customer loyalty and trust ( Eid, 2011 ). Therefore, the aim of this study is to underlie the factors that gauge e-customer’s trust and e-customer loyalty in Business-to-Consumer (B2C) domain. The data were drawn via 5-point Likert scale adapted questionnaire from 328 respondents who had an experience of e-commerce, who were of working class, and were residing in major urban cities of Pakistan, that is, Karachi, Lahore, and Islamabad. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were applied to test the hypotheses. The findings suggested that website user interface quality, information quality, awareness of e-commerce, and perceived privacy are significant predictors of e-customer trust (ECT) and in turn e-loyalty, whereas perceived security risk was found to have insignificant impact on ECT. This article contributes to enhance the determinants that have an influence in gaining customer trust and loyalty and provides interesting perspective of Pakistani consumers. The findings of the study are beneficial for the e-commerce industry in enhancing ECT and e-loyalty and help them in promoting their business online.
Seed interior microbiome of rice genotypes indigenous to three agroecosystems of Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Raj Garima , Shadab Mohammad , Deka Sujata , Das Manashi , Baruah Jilmil , Bharali Rupjyoti , Talukdar Narayan C.
Published: December 2019

Background

Seeds of plants are a confirmation of their next generation and come associated with a unique microbia community. Vertical transmission of this microbiota signifies the importance of these organisms for a healthy seedling and thus a healthier next generation for both symbionts. Seed endophytic bacterial community composition is guided by plant genotype and many environmental factors. In north-east India, within a narrow geographical region, several indigenous rice genotypes are cultivated across broad agroecosystems having standing water in fields ranging from 0-2 m during their peak growth stage. Here we tried to trap the effect of rice genotypes and agroecosystems where they are cultivated on the rice seed microbiota. We used culturable and metagenomics approaches to explore the seed endophytic bacterial diversity of seven rice genotypes (8 replicate hills) grown across three agroecosystems.

Results

From seven growth media, 16 different species of culturable EB were isolated. A predictive metabolic pathway analysis of the EB showed the presence of many plant growth promoting traits such as siroheme synthesis, nitrate reduction, phosphate acquisition, etc. Vitamin B12 biosynthesis restricted to bacteria and archaea; pathways were also detected in the EB of two landraces. Analysis of 522,134 filtered metagenomic sequencing reads obtained from seed samples (n=56) gave 4061 OTUs. Alpha diversity indices showed significant differences in observed OTU richness (P≤0.05) across genotypes. Significant differences were also found between the individual hills of a rice genotype. PCoA analysis exhibited three separate clusters and revealed the clusters separated based on genotype, while agroecosystem showed a minimal effect on the variation of seed microbiota (adonis, R2=0.07, P=0.024). Interestingly, animal gut resident bacteria such as Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Lactobacillus, etc. were found in abundance as members of the seed microbiota.

Conclusion

Overall, our study demonstrates, indigenous rice genotypes of north-east India have a unique blend of endophytic bacteria in their mature seeds. While there are notable variations among plants of the same genotype, we found similarities among genotypes cultivated in completely different environmental conditions. The beta diversity variations across the seven rice genotypes were significantly shaped by their genotype rather than their agroecosystems.
Awareness, knowledge, attitude and practice of adverse drug reaction reporting among health workers and patients in selected primary healthcare centres in Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Adisa Rasaq , Omitogun Tomilayo I.
Published: December 2019

Background

Higher incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is a global health problem requiring attention of all stakeholders regardless of the practice settings. This study therefore aimed to evaluate awareness, knowledge, attitude and practice of ADR reporting among health workers and patients in 10 primary healthcare centres (PHCs) in Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria.

Methods

Questionnaire-guided cross-sectional survey among 80 health workers and 360 patients enrolled from the selected PHCs between October and December 2018. The semi-structured questionnaires generally comprised open-ended and closed-ended questions to explore general knowledge and awareness of ADRs and pharmacovigilance, while other question-items evaluated attitude towards ADR reporting and ADR reporting practice. Overall percent score in the knowledge and attitude domains for the health workers was developed into binary categories of > 80 versus ≤80% for “adequate” and “inadequate” knowledge, as well as “positive” and “negative” attitude, respectively. Data were summarised using descriptive statistics, while Chi-square test was used to evaluate categorical variables atp < 0.05.

Results

Overall, 58(72.5%) health workers had heard of pharmacovigilance,but only 3(5.2%) correctly understood the pharmacovigilance concept. Twelve (15.0%) showed adequate knowledge of ADRs, while 37(46.2%) demonstrated positive attitude towards ADR reporting. Thirty (37.5%) health workers had come across ADR reporting form, while 79(98.8%) expressed willingness to report all ADRs encountered. Of the patients, 31(8.6%) had heard of pharmacovigilance, 143(39.7%) correctly cited ADR definition, while 67(18.6%) reported the previously experienced ADRs. Informing healthcare professional (38; 38.8%) was the most common measure taken by patients when they experienced reaction(s). Nurses significantly had adequate knowledge of ADRs (p < 0.001) compared to other cadres.

Conclusions

Health workers in the selected PHCs were largely aware of pharmacovigilance but show low level of knowledge about ADRs and pharmacovigilance concept, with moderately positive attitude towards ADR reporting. Patients on the other hand demonstrate low level of awareness of pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting, with less than one-fifth who reported the previously experienced ADRs. This perhaps underscores a need for regular mandatory education and training on ADRs/pharmacovigilance concept among the PHC health workers, while continuous public enlightenment and awareness campaign on spontaneous reporting of ADRs is advocated in order to enhance reporting rate.
A cross-sectional study on feather cover damage in Canadian laying hens in non-cage housing systems
Authors: Decina Caitlin , Berke Olaf , van Staaveren Nienke , Baes Christine F. , Widowski Tina M. , Harlander-Matauschek Alexandra
Published: December 2019

Background

Feather damage (FD) resulting from feather pecking remains a concern in non-cage housing systems for laying hens worldwide. This study aimed to identify bird-, housing-, and management-related factors associated with FD in non-cage housing systems as the egg production sector phases out the conventional cage system in Canada. A survey on housing and management practices was developed and distributed to 122 laying hen farms where 39 respondents provided information on non-cage flocks. Farmers visually assessed 50 birds throughout the barn for FD using a 0–2 scoring scale according to severity. Prevalence of FD was calculated as the percentage of birds with any form of FD (score > 0). Multivariable linear regression modeling was used to identify factors associated with FD prevalence.

Results

Six variables were included in the final model and accounted for 64% of the variation in FD between farms. FD prevalence was higher with increasing flock age (0.9% ± 0.29) and when birds were housed in all wire/slatted barns compared with all litter barns (37.6% ± 13.1). Additionally, FD prevalence tended to be higher in barns with manure removal only after depopulation (20.1% ± 10.70). Enrichment also tended to be associated with higher FD (19.1% ± 8.04), possibly indicating that it was provided after FD was observed as a control measure, or, was not efficient in reducing the development of FD.

Conclusions

These findings emphasize the role of litter provision and management (e.g., manure removal effects on air quality), and its potential impact on FD among laying hens in non-cage housing systems in Canada. Further longitudinal and/or intervention studies are needed to assess the potential of the identified factors to function as a management strategy to prevent or reduce FD in non-cage housed laying hens.
Risk factors associated with progressive myelomalacia in dogs with complete sensorimotor loss following intervertebral disc extrusion: a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Castel Aude , Olby Natasha J. , Ru Hongyu , Mariani Christopher L. , Muñana Karen R. , Early Peter J.
Published: December 2019

Background

Progressive myelomalacia (PMM) is a usually fatal complication of acute intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE) in dogs but its risk factors are poorly understood. The objective of this retrospective case-control study was to identify risk factors for PMM by comparing dogs with complete sensorimotor loss following IVDE that did and did not develop the disease after surgery. We also investigated whether any risk factors for PMM influenced return of ambulation. Medical records of client-owned dogs with paraplegia and loss of pain perception that underwent surgery for IVDE from 1998 to 2016, were reviewed. Dogs were categorized as PMM yes or no based on clinical progression or histopathology. Walking outcome at 6 months was established. Signalment, onset and duration of signs (categorized), steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (yes or no), site of IVDE (lumbar intumescence or thoracolumbar) and longitudinal extent of IVDE were retrieved and their associations with PMM and walking outcome were examined using logistic regression.

Results

One hundred and ninety seven dogs were included, 45 with and 152 without PMM. A 6-month-outcome was available in 178 dogs (all 45 PMM dogs and 133 control dogs); 86 recovered walking (all in the control group). Disc extrusions at the lumbar intumescence were associated with PMM (p = 0.01, OR: 3.02, CI: 1.3–7.2). Surgery performed more than 12 h after loss of ambulation was associated with PMM (OR = 3.4; CI = 1.1–10.5,p = 0.03 for 12-24 h and OR = 4.6; CI = 1.3–16.6,p = 0.02 for the > 24 h categories when compared with the ≤12 h category). Treatment with corticosteroids was negatively associated with PMM (OR: 3.1; CI: 1.3–7.6,p = 0.01). The only variable to affect walking outcome was longitudinal extent of IVDE (OR = 2.6; CI = 1.3–5.3,p = 0.006).

Conclusion

Dogs with lumbar intumescence IVDE are at increased risk of PMM. Timing of surgery and corticosteroid use warrant further investigations. PMM and recovery of walking are influenced by different factors.
Extracellular vesicles of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts creates a pre-metastatic niche in the lung through activating fibroblasts
Authors: Kong Jing , Tian Hongzhu , Zhang Fuyin , Zhang Zebing , Li Jiao , Liu Xue , Li Xiancheng , Liu Jing , Li Xiaojie , Jin Dong , Yang Xuesong , Sun Bo , Guo Tao , Luo Yong , Lu Yao , Lin Bingcheng , Liu Tingjiao
Published: December 2019

Objectives

Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been known to promote cancer progression by modifying the primary tumor microenvironment. We aimed to elucidate the intercellular communication between CAFs and secondary organs in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) metastasis.

Methods

Pre-metastatic and metastatic animal models of SACC were established using extracellular vesicles (EVs) from CAFs and SACC cells. Lung fibroblasts (LFs) were treated with EVs and their transcriptomic alterations were identified by RNA sequencing. ITRAQ were performed to analyze EV cargos. TC I-15 was used to inhibit EV uptake by LFs and SACC lung metastasis in vivo.

Results

Here, we show that CAF EVs induced lung pre-metastatic niche formation in mice and consequently increased SACC lung metastasis. The pre-metastatic niche induced by CAF EVs was different from that induced by SACC EVs. CAF EVs presented a great ability for matrix remodeling and periostin is a potential biomarker characterizing the CAF EV-induced pre-metastatic niche. We found that lung fibroblast activation promoted by CAF EVs was a critical event at the pre-metastatic niche. Integrin α2β1 mediated CAF EV uptake by lung fibroblasts, and its blockage by TC I-15 prevented lung pre-metastatic niche formation and subsequent metastasis. Plasma EV integrin β1 was considerably upregulated in the mice bearing xenografts with high risk of lung metastasis.

Conclusions

We demonstrated that CAF EVs participated in the pre-metastatic niche formation in the lung. Plasma EV integrin β1 might be a promising biomarker to predict SACC metastasis at an early stage. An integrated strategy targeting both tumor and stromal cells is necessary to prevent SACC metastasis.
Folate receptor-targeted positron emission tomography of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats
Authors: Elo Petri , Li Xiang-Guo , Liljenbäck Heidi , Helin Semi , Teuho Jarmo , Koskensalo Kalle , Saunavaara Virva , Marjamäki Päivi , Oikonen Vesa , Virta Jenni , Chen Qingshou , Low Philip S. , Knuuti Juhani , Jalkanen Sirpa , Airas Laura , Roivainen Anne
Published: December 2019

Background

Folate receptor-β (FR-β) is a cell surface receptor that is significantly upregulated on activated macrophages during inflammation and provides a potential target for folate-based therapeutic and diagnostic agents. FR-β expression in central nervous system inflammation remains relatively unexplored. Therefore, we used focally induced acute and chronic phases of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) to study patterns of FR-β expression and evaluated its potential as an in vivo imaging target.

Methods

Focal EAE was induced in rats using heat-killed Bacillus Calmette-Guérin followed by activation with complete Freund’s adjuvant supplemented withMycobacterium tuberculosis. The rats were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) at acute (14 days) and chronic (90 days) phases of inflammation. The animals were finally sacrificed for ex vivo autoradiography of their brains. PET studies were performed using FR-β-targeting aluminum [18F]fluoride-labeled 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid conjugated folate ([18F]AlF-NOTA-folate,18F-FOL) and 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO)-targetingN-acetyl-N-(2-[11C]methoxybenzyl)-2-phenoxy-5-pyridinamine (11C-PBR28). Post-mortem immunohistochemistry was performed using anti-FR-β, anti-cluster of differentiation 68 (anti-CD68), anti-inducible nitric oxide synthase (anti-iNOS), and anti-mannose receptor C-type 1 (anti-MRC-1) antibodies. The specificity of18F-FOL binding was verified using in vitro brain sections with folate glucosamine used as a blocking agent.

Results

Immunohistochemical evaluation of focal EAE lesions demonstrated anti-FR-β positive cells at the lesion border in both acute and chronic phases of inflammation. We found that anti-FR-β correlated with anti-CD68 and anti-MRC-1 immunohistochemistry; for MRC-1, the correlation was most prominent in the chronic phase of inflammation. Both18F-FOL and11C-PBR28 radiotracers bound to the EAE lesions. Autoradiography studies verified that this binding took place in areas of anti-FR-β positivity. A blocking assay using folate glucosamine further verified the tracer’s specificity. In the chronic phase of EAE, the lesion-to-background ratio of18F-FOL was significantly higher than that of11C-PBR28 (P = 0.016).

Conclusion

Our EAE results imply that FR-β may be a useful target for in vivo imaging of multiple sclerosis-related immunopathology. FR-β-targeted PET imaging with18F-FOL may facilitate the monitoring of lesion development and complement the information obtained from TSPO imaging by bringing more specificity to the PET imaging armamentarium for neuroinflammation.
Challenges and standardization of microRNA profiling in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in dogs suffering from non-infectious inflammatory CNS disease
Authors: Cirera Susanna , Andersen-Ranberg Emilie Ulrikka , Langkilde Sille , Aaquist Maria , Gredal Hanne
Published: December 2019

Non-infectious inflammatory (NII) central nervous system (CNS) conditions are primarily diagnosed by the demonstration of inflammatory changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, less-invasive methods and peripheral biomarkers are desired. Changes in circulating microRNA (miRNA), which are short non-coding regulatory RNAs, may serve as biomarkers of disease. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate selected miRNAs in serum and CSF, hypothesizing that the levels of specific miRNAs in serum correlate with their presence in CSF, and that changes in serum miRNAs levels may reflect CNS disease. We profiled serum and CSF samples using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) searching for selected and previously profiled miRNAs in serum (let-7a, let-7c, miR-15b, miR-16, miR-21, miR-23a, miR-24, miR-26a, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-181c and miR-221-3p) and in CSF (let-7c, miR-16, miR-21, miR-24, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-181c and miR-221-3p) from 13 dogs with NII CNS disease and six control dogs. We demonstrated the presence of several miRNAs in CSF (let-7c and miR-21 dominating) and serum (miR-23a and miR-21 dominating). However, we generally failed to reproduce consistent results in CSF samples due to several reasons: unacceptable PCR efficiency, a wide variation between cDNA replicates and/or no-amplification in qPCR suggesting very low levels of the investigated miRNAs in canine CSF. Serum samples performed better, and 10 miRNAs qPCR assays were qualified for analysis. We were nevertheless unable to detect a difference in the expression of miRNA levels between cases and controls. Moreover, we could not confirm the results of recent miRNA investigations of canine CNS diseases. We believe that these disagreements highlight the significant effect of methodological/analytical variation, rather than the incapacity of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of CNS disease. A secondary aim was therefore to communicate methodological challenges in our study and to suggest recommendations for circulating miRNA profiling, including pre-, post- and analytical methods based on our experience, in order to reach reproducible and comparable results in veterinary miRNA research.
The prognostic value of serum procalcitonin measurements in critically injured patients: a systematic review
Authors: AlRawahi Aziza N. , AlHinai Fatma A. , Doig Christopher J. , Ball Chad G. , Dixon Elijah , Xiao Zhengwen , Kirkpatrick Andrew W.
Published: December 2019

Background

Major trauma is associated with high incidence of septic complications and multiple organ dysfunction (MOD), which markedly influence the outcome of injured patients. Early identification of patients at risk of developing posttraumatic complications is crucial to provide early treatment and improve outcomes. We sought to evaluate the prognostic value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels after trauma as related to severity of injury, sepsis, organ dysfunction, and mortality.

Methods

We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Database, and references of included articles. Two investigators independently identified eligible studies and extracted data. We included original studies that assessed the prognostic value of serum PCT levels in predicting severity of injury, sepsis, organ dysfunction, and mortality among critically injured adult patients.

Results

Among 2015 citations, 19 studies (17 prospective; 2 retrospective) met inclusion criteria. Methodological quality of included studies was moderate. All studies showed a strong correlation between initial PCT levels and Injury Severity Score (ISS). Twelve out of 16 studies demonstrated significant elevation of initial PCT levels in patients who later developed sepsis after trauma. PCT level appeared a strong predictor of MOD in seven out of nine studies. While two studies did not show association between PCT levels and mortality, four studies demonstrated significant elevation of PCT levels in non-survivors versus survivors. One study reported that the PCT level of ≥ 5 ng/mL was associated with significantly increased mortality (OR 3.65; 95% CI 1.03–12.9; p = 0.04).

Conclusion

PCT appears promising as a surrogate biomarker for trauma. Initial peak PCT level may be used as an early predictor of sepsis, MOD, and mortality in trauma population.
The GH10 and GH48 dual-functional catalytic domains from a multimodular glycoside hydrolase synergize in hydrolyzing both cellulose and xylan
Authors: Chu Yindi , Hao Zhenzhen , Wang Kaikai , Tu Tao , Huang Huoqing , Wang Yuan , Bai Ying Guo , Wang Yaru , Luo Huiying , Yao Bin , Su Xiaoyun
Published: December 2019

Background

Regarding plant cell wall polysaccharides degradation, multimodular glycoside hydrolases (GHs) with two catalytic domains separated by one or multiple carbohydrate-binding domains are rare in nature. This special mode of domain organization endows the Caldicellulosiruptor bescii CelA (GH9-CBM3c-CBM3b-CBM3b-GH48) remarkably high efficiency in hydrolyzing cellulose. CbXyn10C/Cel48B from the same bacterium is also such an enzyme which has, however, evolved to target both xylan and cellulose. Intriguingly, the GH10 endoxylanase and GH48 cellobiohydrolase domains are both dual functional, raising the question if they can act synergistically in hydrolyzing cellulose and xylan, the two major components of plant cell wall.

Results

In this study, we discovered that CbXyn10C and CbCel48B, which stood for the N- and C-terminal catalytic domains, respectively, cooperatively released much more cellobiose and cellotriose from cellulose. In addition, they displayed intramolecular synergy but only at the early stage of xylan hydrolysis by generating higher amounts of xylooligosaccharides including xylotriose, xylotetraose, and xylobiose. When complex lignocellulose corn straw was used as the substrate, the synergy was found only for cellulose but not xylan hydrolysis.

Conclusion

This is the first report to reveal the synergy between a GH10 and a GH48 domain. The synergy discovered in this study is helpful for understanding how C. bescii captures energy from these recalcitrant plant cell wall polysaccharides. The insight also sheds light on designing robust and multi-functional enzymes for plant cell wall polysaccharides degradation.
Evaluation of big data frameworks for analysis of smart grids
Authors: Ansari Mohammad Hasan , Tabatab Vakili Vahid , Bahrak Behnam
Published: December 2019

With the rapid development of smart grids and increasing data collected in these networks, analyzing this massive data for applications such as marketing, cyber-security, and performance analysis, has gained popularity. This paper focuses on analysis and performance evaluation of big data frameworks that are proposed for handling smart grid data. Since obtaining large amounts of smart grid data is difficult due to privacy concerns, we propose and implement a large scale smart grid data generator to produce massive data under conditions similar to those in real smart grids. We use four open source big data frameworks namely Hadoop-Hbase, Cassandra, Elasticsearch, and MongoDB, in our implementation. Finally, we evaluate the performance of different frameworks on smart grid big data and present a performance benchmark that includes common data analysis techniques on smart grid data.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Nutrition self-efficacy assessment: designing and psychometric evaluation in a community-dwelling elderly population
Authors: Shamsalinia Abbas , Ghadimi Reza , Chafjiri Razieh Torabi , Norouzinejad Faezeh , Pourhabib Ali , Ghaffari Fatemeh
Published: December 2019

Background

Awareness of nutrition self-efficacy dimensions can enable healthcare providers to guide their use in screening and providing a context for positive changes such as in promoting a healthy lifestyle and quality care among elderly people.

Objectives

Developing an instrument for assessing nutrition self-efficacy among Iranian elderly population.

Methods

A sequential mixed exploratory design was applied to clarify and determine dimensions of nutrition self-efficacy in a community-dwelling elderly population in two phases. The first phase included a related literature review and a qualitative study. The validity and reliability of the tool were investigated in the second phase. The instrument’s content validity was assessed by experts in nutrition self-efficacy’s field and reliability was determined by internal consistency and construct reliability.

Results

Three factors (adherence efficacy, preventive behaviors, and information effectiveness) and 29 items were obtained after assessing the face, content, and construct validity. The reliability of the nutrition self-efficacy questionnaire (NSEQ) exceeded α > 0.7. Concerning the cumulative percent of the variance, the three factors determined 64.05% of the total variance.

Conclusions

The NSEQ designed in this study, using the background experiences of the elderly living in the community and a review of related texts, and has acceptable reliability and validity. However, the diet self-efficacy questionnaire cannot yet be used as a gold standard, but it can be recommended for use as a measurement of individual diet self-efficacy in a community-dwelling elderly population.
Low fruit and vegetable intake is associated with depression among Korean adults in data from the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Ju Se-young , Park Yoo Kyoung
Published: December 2019

Background

Depression is a major mental disorder worldwide. The prevalence of depression among Korean adults was estimated to be 5.6% in 2006 and 6.7% in 2011, and that increased to 10.3% in 2013. Using national data, the present study investigated the association between vegetable and fruit intake and the prevalence of depression among Korean adults.

Methods

This analysis used data from 4349 subjects aged 19 years and older who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2014). Depression was assessed using the self-reported Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9. Food and nutrient intake was assessed using the 24-h recall method. Individual food intake was categorized into 18 food groups. The statistical analyses in this study were performed by adopting stratification, clustering, and sample weight variables using SPSS Ver. 23.0. Cronbach’s α was used to determine the internal consistency of the PHQ-9 items. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios of depression adjusted for several confounders.

Results

The depression rate of all subjects was between 8.7 and 4.7% and decreased as vegetable and fruit intake increased. With regard to sex, the depression rate decreased from 6.4 to 2.5% in males and from 11.4 to 6.6% in females as vegetable and fruit intake increased. Thus, the results of this study reveal an inverse association between vegetable and fruit intake and depression. The odds ratios show that vegetable and fruit intake was inversely associated with depression with no adjustment. When the data were adjusted for age, energy intake, obesity, smoking, drinking, stress, eating-out frequency, breakfast, and food security, subjects exhibited significantly lower rates of depression with higher vegetable and fruit intakes.

Conclusions

This is the first study to investigate the association between vegetable and fruit consumption and depression in a Korean population. Additional epidemiological studies are needed to find the underlying reasons for that association.
Cancer Susceptibility Mutations in Patients With Urothelial Malignancies
Authors: Carlo Maria I. , Ravichandran Vignesh , Srinavasan Preethi , Bandlamudi Chaitanya , Kemel Yelena , Ceyhan-Birsoy Ozge , Mukherjee Semanti , Mandelker Diana , Chaim Joshua , Knezevic Andrea , Rana Satshil , Fnu Zarina , Breen Kelsey , Arnold Angela G. , Khurram Aliya , Tkachuk Kaitlyn , Cipolla Catharine K. , Regazzi Ashley , Hakimi A. Ari , Al-Ahmadie Hikmat , Dalbagni Guido , Cadoo Karen A. , Walsh Michael F. , Teo Min-Yuen , Funt Samuel A. , Coleman Jonathan A. , Bochner Bernard H. , Iyer Gopa , Solit David B. , Stadler Zsofia K. , Zhang Liying , Rosenberg Jonathan E. , Taylor Barry S. , Robson Mark E. , Berger Michael F. , Vijai Joseph , Bajorin Dean F. , Offit Kenneth
Published: December 2019

PURPOSE

Urothelial cancers (UCs) have a substantial hereditary component, but, other than their association with Lynch syndrome, the contribution of genetic risk factors to UC pathogenesis has not been systematically defined. We sought to determine the prevalence of pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) germline variants in patients with UC and identify associated clinical factors.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Overall, 586 patients with UC underwent prospective, matched tumor-normal DNA sequencing. Seventy-seven genes associated with cancer predisposition were analyzed; allele frequencies were compared with publicly available database.

RESULTS

P/LP germline variants were identified in 80 (14%) of 586 individuals with UC. The most common P/LP variants in high- or moderate-penetrance genes were BRCA2 (n = 9; 1.5%), MSH2 (n = 8; 1.4%), BRCA1 (n = 8; 1.4%), CHEK2 (n = 6; 1.0%), ERCC3 (n = 4; 0.7%), and NBN and RAD50 (n = 3; 0.5% each). Sixty-six patients (83%) had germline P/LP variants in DNA-damage repair (DDR) genes, of which 28 (42%) had biallelic inactivation. Patients with P/LP variants were more commonly diagnosed at an early age (22% v 6% in those without variants; P = .01). BRCA2 and MSH2 were significantly associated with an increased risk for UC (odds ratio, 3.7 [ P = .004] and 4.6 [ P = .001], respectively). Current clinical guidelines for referral for genetic testing failed to identify 6 (26%) patients with high-penetrance variants.

CONCLUSION

Clinically significant P/LP germline variants in DDR genes frequently are present in patients with advanced UC. The presence of DDR germline variants could guide cancer screening for patients and their families and serve as predictive biomarkers of response to targeted or immunotherapies. Family history–based criteria to identify patients with hereditary UC susceptibility are insensitive. Broader germline testing in UC, particularly in those of young ages, should be considered.
Creating ‘calmscapes’ with classical music
Authors: Norman Amanda
Published: December 2019

The likes of Bach and Mozart can create a peaceful, soothing mood for young children during the busy nursery day. Observe their intuitive response and use it to support well-being and creativity.
Framing symbolic representation: exploring how women’s political presence shapes citizens’ political attitudes
Authors: Verge Tània , Wiesehomeier Nina , Espírito-Santo Ana
Published: December 2019

Research on whether descriptive representation enhances the legitimacy of, closeness to and satisfaction with political institutions, as well as levels of political engagement, has produced mixed results. This may be caused by the empirical and methodological challenges underpinning this inquiry, like reverse causation and endogeneity. To overcome such constraints, we use a framing experiment embedded in nationally representative online surveys in Spain and Portugal. We show that symbolic effects on women’s political engagement and system evaluation are fundamentally driven by perceptions of a heightened gender balance in political institutions, even when barriers to access on equal terms or gendered portrayals of women politicians’ competency are presented to respondents. Male citizens also evaluate the system more positively with frames referencing a more level political field, even when women politicians are depicted as not sufficiently prepared. Raising awareness of gains made in women’s descriptive representation is thus instrumental to positive symbolic effects.
Sexualidades y currículo: ¿Quién tiene miedo a esa relación?
Authors: Do Nascimento Maria do Socorro
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un análisis de los discursos de los profesores y especialistas de una escuela pública de primaria de la ciudad de João Pessoa, en la provincia de Paraíba/Brasil, sobre las intersecciones de género y sexualidad en el “currículo escolar”. La investigación adopta un abordaje post-estructuralista, teniendo a M. Foucault (2008) como uno de sus inspiradores. La recopilación de datos se desarrolló a través de entrevistas y la observación participante. Los datos se analizaron de acuerdo con la vertiente del análisis del discurso desarrollado por Foucault (1996), comprendiendo el lenguaje y el discurso como incesantes “lugares” de lucha, contradicciones y poder. Deleuze (1992), Deleuze y Guattari (2004) y Derrida (1971) fundamentan las prácticas discursivas que favorecen al desarrollo del “devenir-curricular” basándose en el respeto a las diferencias de género y la diversidad cultural/sexual. Las formaciones discursivas atravesadas por las nociones de “currículo neutral” y “sexualidades esencialistas” tienen eco en los discursos de los individuos de la unidad escolar, constituyéndose en guías de las prácticas discursivas que afectan a los temas del currículo de la escuela.
La memoria fotográfica conservada en periódicos obreros en el periodo de la dictadura
Authors: Ciavatta Maria
Published: December 2019

El artículo tiene como objetivo principal reconstruir algunos aspectos de la historia del trabajo y de las luchas de los trabajadores a través de la investigación e identificación de fotografías en periódicos obreros del Arquivo Social da Memória Operária Brasileira (ASMOB, 1900-1930), originalmente, Arquivo Astrojildo Pereira, nombre de su organizador, periodista, literato y militante anarquista y comunista de principios del siglo XX. Igualmente, presentamos, en líneas generales, cómo se rescató el Archivo durante el período de la Dictadura Militar en Brasil, en los años 1970. Nuestra fuente histórica fue la prensa y la fotografía, así como la historia oral basada en las declaraciones de las tres principales protagonistas del rescate del Archivo desde São Paulo a Río de Janeiro y, desde ahí a Milán (Italia). En el estudio de la fotografía en la prensa obrera de la época, y en el reconocimiento del proceso de rescate del Archivo, asumimos la historia como proceso de vida y como método de investigación, en el contexto de cada coyuntura social. Las principales conclusiones son: la importancia de los periódicos obreros para la memoria y la historia de las condiciones de vida, de trabajo, de educación y de organización de los trabajadores a principios del siglo pasado; la reiteración en los periódicos, de las pocas fotografías disponibles en las redacciones; las acciones de gran valor y resistencia al autoritarismo de la Dictadura en la salvaguarda del Archivo; la importancia fundamental de esa documentación (periódicos, cartas, folletos, fotografías, etc.) para la historia del trabajo y de la educación.
La prolongada sombra brasileña de Santa Teresa de Jesús
Authors: Maura Antonio
Published: December 2019

Sáez Martínez, B. (Ed.). (2015). Santa Teresa de Ávila en Brasil. Madrid: Centro de Publicaciones. Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. El libro que se comenta viene a llenar un hueco en la bibliografía sobre Santa Teresa de Jesús: la repercusión de su obra y enseñanzas en tierras brasileñas. En esta colección de artículos, coordinada por Begoña Sáez Martínez, emergen muchos aspectos de la trayectoria y herencia de la santa. Caben destacar los trabajos referentes a la historia de las traducciones portuguesas de la obra teresiana en Brasil, a las fundaciones de conventos de carmelitas descalzos y su relación en la geografía brasileña. También, en otro orden de cosas, es destacable el artículo que versa sobre la herencia literaria que la obra de Teresa de Jesús ha dejado en Brasil y la iconografía de la santa en sus iglesias y conventos. Como un trabajo de iniciación en las experiencias místicas, se debe destacar el trabajo que trata sobre la Umbanda y el Candomblé como gestos de la religiosidad afro-brasileña y su comparación a los momentos de éxtasis y encuentros divinos que la santa tuvo a lo largo de su vida. La obra de Teresa, como recuerda la coordinadora del libro, “para dar cuenta de lo innombrable, se torna singular, polifónica, extrema.”
P002 Endoscopic Characteristics and Prognosis of Pouchitis Involving the Pouch Inlet in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Akiyama Shintaro , Ollech Jacob , Rai Victoria , Glick Laura , Singer Jorie , Karpin Jordan , Rodriguez Tina , Yi Yangtian , Shaffer Seth , Russell D Cohen , Hurst Roger , Hyman Neil , Dalal Sushila , Sakuraba Atsushi , Pekow Joel , Rubin David
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), surgical intervention is sometimes required due to medically refractory colitis or the development of neoplasia, and restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the most common procedure for those with colitis. However, pouchitis can develop in up to 80% of patients after the surgery and significantly impairs quality of life. Despite the high prevalence of pouchitis, endoscopic phenotypes have not been clarified. This study assessed the frequency of and risk factors for inflammation involving the pouch inlet.

METHODS:

This is a retrospective single-center study of IBD patients treated by total proctocolectomy with IPAA and who subsequently underwent pouchoscopies at the University of Chicago between January 2007 and September 2019. We reviewed the endoscopic findings in different anatomic areas of the pouch: the pre-pouch ileum, inlet, “tip of the J”, proximal and distal pouch, anastomosis, rectal cuff, anal canal, and perianal area. This analysis evaluated all available pouchoscopies and included any patient who had inlet inflammation noted at least once. Demographic and clinical data were also assessed. Log-rank test was used for a univariate analysis to assess factors contributing to pouch excision. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed as a multivariate analysis including univariate variables with a p-value < 0.10.

RESULTS:

We reviewed 1,081 pouchoscopies from 426 IBD patients who underwent proctocolectomy with IPAA and identified 188 patients (44%) with pouchitis involving the inlet. Of these patients, 62% were men, 89% were Caucasian, mean age at diagnosis (SD) was 24 ± 11 years, and mean BMI 26 ± 5. The included patients had pre-pouch diagnoses of ulcerative colitis (165; 89%), indeterminate colitis (14; 7.5%), and Crohn’s disease (7; 3.8%) as the diagnosis before surgery. Twenty-five percent (47/188) had inlet stenosis and 33% (62/188) had pouch-anal anastomotic stenosis. Compared with the cuff, the rate of ulcerations was higher in the pre-pouch ileum and inlet (27.1% vs 42% and 66%, respectively). After a mean of 12 years of follow-up, the overall prevalence of pouch excision was 14% (25/188). Multivariate analysis identified that inlet stenosis significantly predicted pouch excision (HR = 2.92; 95% CI = 1.24-6.86; p = 0.014), whereas anastomotic stenosis was not a significant predictor (HR = 1.48; 0.64-3.42; p = 0.36).

CONCLUSION(S):

Inlet inflammation and stenosis is present in a significant number of IBD patients with pouchitis, and stenosis in particular is associated with pouch excision. There is a pressing need to understand the causes and develop treatments of this complication.
P010 Case Study of a Patient With Crohn's Disease and Surgical Wound Dehiscence
Authors: Jaqueline Barros , Madhoor Ramdeen , Giedre Herrerias , Adilson Cardoso , Everton Silva , Bruna Velozo , Julio Baima , Rubia Alencar , Rogerio Saad-Hossne , Ligia Sassaki
Published: December 2019

CASE:

Background: Specialized nursing care makes all the difference in the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the study is to report the experience of an IBD nurse in Brazil, caring for a patient with Crohn's Disease (CD), with emphasis on nurse empowerment as a member of the multidisciplinary team. Methods: Case study with a description of the nurses' behavior regarding an outpatient CD patient from São Paulo State/Brazil. Data were collected through outpatient follow-up and home visits from December 2017 to April 2018. Consultations were performed by an IBD nurse, a general nurse and a stomatherapist. To obtain the data, we used the clinical anamnesis, physical examination and visualization of the records in the patient's medical record. Results: Male patient, 20 years-old, presenting stenosing and fistulizing ileocolonic CD since 2009. Refractory to Adalimumab, using Infliximab 10mg/kg every 8 weeks and Azathioprine 50 mg/day. In December 2017, he underwent Hartmann rectosigmoidectomy for intestinal sub-occlusion, requiring provisional ileostomy. The surgery was succesful and the patient remained at postoperative rest in the hospital for five days. Two days after hospital discharge, the patient sought emergency room due to several abdominal pain, especially in the surgical incision; edema and seropurulent exudate, which required removal of the stitches, resulting in surgical wound dehiscence. The patient's first evaluation after surgery at the IBD nursing outpatient clinic occurred four days after hospital discharge. The patient reported having a good recovery, did not perform any kind of physical activity, kept the diet as directed by the nutritionist, maintained good hygiene of the incision and that his mother was changing the stoma bag as directed by the nurse. The open surgical wound had full-length fibrin tissue, exudate, greenish discharge, characteristic odor, presence of biofilm, measuring 15 cm in height and 5 cm in width. After discussion with the multidisciplinary team, we opted for second intention healing. For cleaning the wound bed we used the 10-minute gauze-soaked Polyhexanide Solution, the primary dressing was performed with the adaptive polyester mesh impregnated with fatty substances, hydrocolloids and silver particles and then the secondary dressing with gauze and microporous tape. Primary dressing was done once a week by nurses and secondary dressing daily by the patient's mother after training. Complete wound healing took 4 months and after that, the patient resumed daily activities more safely. Conclusion: In this context, it was clear that the nurses' knowledge about the disease, the correct management of postoperative complications enabled the more agile and effective progress of wound treatment, favoring better quality of life for the patient and allowing reflection on the subject exposed.
P011 Clinical Outcomes of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis in IBD Patients: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Martins Camilla , Elisa Caon Ana , Cruz Marilia , Barros Luísa , Azevedo Matheus , Carlos Alexandre , Queiroz Natália , Milani Luciane , Oba Jane , Rocha Beatriz , Leite André , Sipahi Aytan , Cançado Eduardo , Damião Adérson
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic and progressive cholestatic disease associated with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) in 70% of cases. When combined, they present as one distinct phenotypical disease referred as PSC-IBD with milder clinical course, despite of more extensive colonic involvement and an increased risk of malignancies. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, characteristic features and long-term complications of PSC-IBD patients from a quaternary hospital in Brazil.

METHODS:

We retrospectively reviewed all PSC-IBD patients registered and followed-up in our center between January 2000 and July 2019. Conventional colonoscopic and histological criteria were used to diagnose IBD, whereas radiographic or histological criteria for PSC. Medical records were abstracted for the following data: demographic characteristics; duration, extent, and treatment of IBD; duration, extent, and treatment of PSC; colorectal neoplasia (dysplasia and cancer); surgical treatment for IBD; liver transplantation and death.

RESULTS:

In total, 84 patients with concurrent PSC and IBD were identified. Of 84 cases, 74 (87%) had Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and 11 (13%) were diagnosed with Crohn’s disease (CD). There was a slight predominance of male, 46 (54%). The mean age at both IBD and PSC diagnosis was 31 and 36 years, respectively. Most of them were diagnosed with IBD prior to PSC. The mean IBD duration was 15 years and 10 years in PSC subjects. The prevalence of pancolitis in UC patients was 80%. All CD cases presented ileocolonic involvement. Present or past smoking history was observed in 4 patients (4.7%). Aminosalicylates were the most common treatment used for IBD in 54 patients (64.3%). 15 of them (18%) were on monotherapy with immunobiologics and 7 patients (8.3%) were on combotherapy. Only 1 subject was on anti-integrin. In our cohort, 55 cases (66.7%) were treated with deoxycholic acid. Colorectal neoplasia and cholangiocarcinoma was observed in 6 (7%) and 2 patients (2.3%), respectively. Colorectal dysplasia was found in 12 subjects (22%) on a routine colonoscopy. Overall, 18 patients (21.4%) required proctocolectomy and 9 cases (10.7%) have undergone orthotopic liver transplant. There were 12 deaths, mainly PSC and cancer-related.

CONCLUSION(S):

This is the largest cohort of concomitant PSC and IBD patients in Latin America. In our center, we have found higher rates of extensive IBD although few of them were on biologics. The present data on cancer and dysplasia are consistent with reports in the literature.