bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internamento domiciliar via SUS no Brasil, o impacto do programa “Melhor em Casa”
Authors: Gabardo Jhony Marcelo Bogado , Castilho Matheus Jacometo Coelho de , Bernardineli Ademilson José , Schuroff Hana Paula , Pujals Constanza , Carvalho Maria Dalva de Barros , Pelloso Sandra Marisa , Pedroso Raíssa Bocchi
Published: May 2022

Introdução: A população brasileira passa por intenso envelhecimento e consequente aumento de multimorbidade impactando os serviços de saúde. Em 2011 o Ministério da Saúde criou o programa “Melhor em Casa” com o intuito de promover o internamento domiciliar como possibilidade de expandir leitos hospitalares ao domicílio do cliente e assim, humanizar o atendimento e diminuir custos. Objetivos: Analisar internamentos domiciliares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no período de 2008-2019 e correlacionar com custo de internação, variáveis clínicas e epidemiológicas. Método: Estudo quantitativo baseado em dados do Sistema de Internação Hospitalar do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS) no período de 2008 a 2019, disponíveis na plataforma eletrônica do Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS). Para análise de tendência foi utilizado o teste de Mann-Kendall e para análise do efeito de intervenção foram ajustados modelos ARIMA, considerando os dados de 2008-2011 sem intervenção e de 2012-2019 com intervenção. Resultados: Houve tendência crescente no número de internamentos domiciliar de 2008 a 2019 ( =0,152 e p=0,537), assim como do custo médio por internamento ( =0,061 e p=0,837) e do sexo feminino sobre o masculino ( =0,606 e p =0,007). Houve tendência decrescente da média de dias por internamento ( =-0,576 e p=0,011) e da taxa de mortalidade ( =0,212 e p=0,373). Conclusão: com custo inferior a 10% do valor diário de um internamento hospitalar, a atenção domiciliar diminui mortalidade e média de dias de internamento. Portanto, com o envelhecimento populacional, programas de internamento domiciliar como o “Melhor em Casa” tornam-se fundamentais.
Correlação entre indicadores bioquímicos, eficiência da hemodiálise e estado nutricional de pacientes renais crônicos
Authors: Carvalho Giovana Alves , Tavares Gessica Fortes , Souza Adriane Fonseca de , Ataíde Bruno Rafael Batista de , Guterres Aldair da Silva
Published: May 2022

Pacientes com doença renal crônica frequentemente possuem comprometimento do estado nutricional e este fator pode interferir na qualidade do tratamento, favorecendo um pior prognóstico. O objetivo do trabalho foi associar os indicadores bioquímicos, eficiência dialítica e estado nutricional de indivíduos com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise. Estudo descritivo e transversal, com amostragem por conveniência, realizado com pacientes do Centro de Hemodiálise Monteiro Leite em Belém do Pará. As variáveis pesquisadas foram índice de massa corporal, avaliação bioquímica (níveis séricos de albumina, hemoglobina, ureia, fósforo, potássio e glicose) e índices de eficiência dialítica (Kt/V e % de redução de ureia). Os dados foram tabulados e analisados pelo programa Bioestat versão 5.0. Para análise estatística foi aplicado o teste de correlação de Spearman, utilizando p<0.05. Participaram do estudo 72 pacientes, na faixa etária de 19 a 79 anos, sendo 50 (69,4%) do sexo masculino. Dentre esses, 33 (45,8%) apresentavam eutrofia conforme o IMC. Quanto aos parâmetros bioquímicos, a maioria encontrava-se adequada em relação ao ponto de corte da albumina, porém os demais parâmetros expressaram mensuração alterada. Os índices dialíticos demonstraram que a maioria da população recebe tratamento adequado. A correlação entre as variáveis manifestou associação significante entre estado nutricional, nível sérico de fósforo e Kt/V.  Conclui-se então que a maioria dos participantes apresentavam adequado estado nutricional e eficiência dialítica, com correlação significativa entre si.
Contributos da enfermagem à pessoa com conduta suicida na emergência: Um desafio no cotidiano
Authors: Gomes Juliana de Lima , Sá Ingrid Pereira Gualberto de , Pereira Gleice Caroba , Ribeiro Wanderson Alves , Santos Larissa Christiny Amorim dos , Paula Enimar de , Lima Daiana Silva , Castro Kemely de , Figueiredo Júnior Júlio César , Morais Maicon Costa de , Martinho Matheus Nery , Arnaldo Clarissa Rosa de Oliveira
Published: May 2022

Considerando o aumento de casos de suicídios noticiados diariamente, houve uma motivação em pesquisar como é realizado o atendimento pela enfermagem aos pacientes com conduta suicida que dão entrada nas emergências. De acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), anualmente cerca de 800 mil pessoas tiram a própria vida em todo mundo. Um número que representa quase uma morte a cada 40 segundos. O maior número de casos é liderado pela Índia, com 258 mil suicídios por ano. O estudo tem como objetivo conhecer o cuidado da enfermagem às pessoas com conduta suicida atendidas na emergência. Trata de uma pesquisa de campo, de caráter descritivo de abordagem qualitativa. Os sujeitos de pesquisa foram a equipe de enfermagem do setor de emergência do Hospital Geral. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de questionário, composto por 4 questões abertas. O suicídio é considerado um problema de saúde pública, que aumenta consideravelmente a cada dia. Independente dos fatores que acarretam na conduta suicida, sejam eles por transtornos mentais, depressão ou qualquer que seja o motivo, a conduta suicida deve ser identificada e tratada.
Acupuncture and anxiety: possible neural mechanisms
Authors: Almeida Marcos dos Santos de , Cavalca Alexandre Matheus Baesso
Published: May 2022

Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental disturbances around the world, and they can negatively impact a patient's quality of life and disrupt important activities of daily living. Recent studies have shown that the psychopathology of anxiety involves altered neural circuits and the normalization of these circuits would be the key factor for therapeutic effects. Acupuncture has an anxiolytic effect recognized in the treatment of anxiety. However, neural mechanism underlying the anxiolytic acupuncture effect is unknown. Some studies have shown that brain circuits related to the control of the autonomic nervous system, emotional, memory and cognitive processing are modulated by acupuncture. These circuits overlap the circuits related to psychopathology of anxiety. Thus, in this paper, we presented a hypothesis about how the acupuncture can reduces anxiety through modulation of brain circuits. In conclusion, the consulted literature showed that acupuncture has the potential to modulate the brain regions implicated in the anxious behaviors. Nonetheless, future studies should be done to elucidate the neuroendocrine mechanisms of acupuncture in the anxiety disorders.
Avaliação dos efeitos da suplementação com selênio no estresse oxidativo em ovários de ratas
Authors: Gueiber Tiago Daniel , Santos André Amaro Mamédio dos , Lima Luiz Gustavo , Salina Matheus Von Jelita , Pironatto Vitor Hugo Moro , Lepinski Julia Kapp , Secco Guilherme Linha , Benitez Jenifer Gabrielle , Martins Camila Marinelli , Gomes Ricardo Zanetti
Published: May 2022

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação de selênio (Se) no estresse oxidativo de ovários de ratas. Para isso, 36 ratas foram divididas em 3 grupos (grupo controle, grupo 1 - 48 μg de Se, e grupo 2 - 96 μg de Se), que passaram por gavagem diária com selênio quelado durante 6 semanas, e em seguida foram submetidas a histerectomia total e subsequente dosagem total de TIOL e TBARS dos ovários utilizando espectrofotometria. Como resultados, houve queda estatisticamente significativa dos níveis de TBARS entre o grupo 1 (3,07±3,19 nM) e o grupo 2 (0,54±0,80 nM) (p=0,01). Em relação ao TIOL, não houve diferença significativa entre o grupo controle (51,05 ± 35,02 μg SH-NP. g tecido-1), o grupo 1 (61,15 ± 33,47 μg SH-NP. g tecido-1) e o grupo 2 (62,9 ± 18,04 μg SH-NP. g tecido-1) (p=0,883).  Concluiu-se que a suplementação de selênio reduziu de forma significativa a concentração de TBARS no ovário de ratas e que não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa nos níveis de TIOL dos ovários entre os grupos. Portanto, o selênio exerceu efeito sobre alguns marcadores de estresse oxidativo.
The dynamics of the landscape and its role in development
Authors: Coelho Pedro Andrade
Published: May 2022

At each moment and in each society, the landscape is transmuted, whether by physical, sensorial or immaterial elements, and there is no such thing as a static landscape. Exactly for this reason the phenomenological hermeneutic method was the one used for the present study. In his transcendent complexity, man adds a metaphysical feeling of cultural identity to the places where he interferes, manifesting in the landscape his history and customs. As a sign of quality of life, the landscape can be investigated to identify whether there is access to fundamental rights for a population. It is part of a legal rule in various legal systems, including as a human right; should also be seen as a fundamental right of the third generation, as well as a sign of the environmental quality of a given population. Also, being able to infer, from its analysis and inventory, if there is access, also, to other fundamental rights. Finally, studying the landscape dynamics is essential to understand Society and it plays a fundamental role to development.
Substâncias fitoquímicas para o controle do Aedes aegypti: protocolo de scoping review
Authors: Santana Elaine Carvalho , Pires Liandra Brasil , Quintans Júnior Lucindo José , Quintans Jullyana de Souza Siqueira , Araújo Adriano Antunes de Souza , Santana Júnior Cláudio Carvalho , Serafini Mairim Russo , Oliveira Ana Maria Santos , Oliveira Tiago Branquinho , Duarte Marcelo Cavalcante
Published: May 2022

A dengue é uma doença infecciosa causada por um vírus transmitido pelo mosquito Aedes aegypti e tem um grande potencial geográfico, principalmente em regiões tropicais e subtropicais. O presente estudo constitui-se de um protocolo de revisão de escopo e tem como objetivo identificar e caracterizar as substâncias fitoquímicas com maior potencial larvicida frente ao Aedes aegypti. Esta revisão de escopo será elaborada com base nas propostas do The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) e seguirá as recomendações dos itens da lista de verificação do PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Os artigos em inglês, português e espanhol utilizados para a fundamentação desta pesquisa serão selecionados nas bases de dados: Web of Science, PubMed e Lilacs. Esta revisão de escopo proporcionará um mapeamento da produção científica sobre a dengue no mundo, durante o período de 2012 a 2022. Com esse estudo serão abordadas as classes de compostos fitoquímicos eficazes no controle do Aedes aegypti e a apresentação do mecanismo de ação destes larvicidas. Este protocolo está registrado no Open Science Framework (OSF), sob doi: https://10.17605/OSF.IO/Y9PUW. Espera-se com este artigo fornecer subsídios para a escolha da melhor substância de origem natural para controle efetivo deste mosquito que causa doenças de extrema preocupação para a saúde pública.
A Logística Reversa como um diferencial competitivo
Authors: Rodrigues Roberta Oliveira
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo tem por finalidade especificar a importância da Logística Reversa, tendo em vista que o contexto atual do mercado é de bastante concorrência e sobre um aspecto que só agora começa a ter um olhar atencioso por parte das empresas. Em relação a isso as empresas encontraram na logística reversa, uma forma eficaz de adotarem princípios mais sustentáveis, uma vez que a logística reversa pode ser definida como a direção do fluxo de materiais do seu ponto de consumo até o ponto de origem, que precisa ser gerenciado. Nota-se que a Logística Reversa pode ser utilizada em diversos setores da economia, porém ainda encontra muitas dificuldades e necessidades para se adequar nesse ambiente empresarial. Além de apresentar diferenciação em serviço ao cliente, à medida que o fabricante tem políticas mais acessíveis de retorno de produtos, apresentando uma vantagem em relação a concorrência. A pesquisa qualitativa procura mostrar aspectos positivos para implementar um sistema de logística reversa, trouxe dados importantes de modo que a mesma se torne um aspecto de desenvolvimento sustentável  por pesquisadores em publicações nacionais e sendo parte de procedimentos de empresas de vários setores, pois atualmente todas desejam utilizar e produzir produtos ecologicamente corretos.
Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome with use of gradual mandibular advanced intraoral apparatus: A case report
Authors: Rezende Junior William Borges , Mussarelli Karine Rotolo , Carneiro Diego Patrik Alves
Published: May 2022

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) is a progressive disorder of the respiratory system that seriously affects the general health and, consequently, the quality of life of an individual. The aim of the present study was to report a case of moderate OSAHS treated with the supervised use of the Gradual Mandibular Advancement Intraoral Appliance (AIO). The treatment was followed up through the patient's report, evaluation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and its result was confirmed by the baseline polysomnography exam. After the treatment period, there was an improvement in the symptoms reported by the patient and in the polysomnographic parameters. The patient went from a moderate OSAHS condition, with an Apnea and Hypopnea Index (AHI) of 24.7 events per hour, to a mild condition with an AHI of 10.7 events per hour. Thus, it can be concluded based on the present case that the AIO was effective for the conservative treatment of moderate OSAHS.
Indicadores de alcance das expectativas do projeto industrial na Zona Franca de Manaus a partir do processo de acompanhamento das contrapartidas obrigatórias
Authors: Sena José Roberto Carvalho , Magno Rui Nelson Otoni
Published: May 2022

Partindo do pressuposto de que toda e qualquer renúncia de receita ao erário precisa estar devidamente fundamentada e justificada, por ser potencial recurso público não recolhido para uma finalidade preestabelecida, é importante compreender como se dá o processo de concessão, implantação e acompanhamento dos empreendimentos fomentados. O Decreto-lei nº 288/1967 elenca que para fazer jus aos benefícios fiscais é necessário ter projeto aprovado pelo Conselho de Administração da Suframa (CAS) e cumprir com contrapartidas estabelecidas naquele marco regulatório. Após aprovação do projeto industrial, a empresa detentora do Ato Aprobatório deve cumprir com sua implantação no prazo de até 36 meses. Uma vez implantado o projeto, este é acompanhado pela Superintendência da Zona Franca de Manaus (SUFRAMA), concluindo assim o ciclo da renúncia concedida: se os pressupostos apresentados no projeto industrial forem atendidos, a empresa segue com os benefícios fiscais; se, ao contrário, a empresa não cumprir com o estabelecido, e após direitos de defesa – ampla defesa e contraditório – não atender ao que fora estabelecido, a Receita Federal do Brasil é informada para que o crédito tributário seja lançado e os tributos devidos recolhidos. O estudo em questão detalha o processo de concessão, implantação e acompanhamento do projeto industrial e, a partir dos dados coletados resultantes da amostra selecionada entre os anos de 2017 a 2020, construiu indicadores de alcance das expectativas do projeto industrial aprovado que estruturaram o fluxo de fiscalização e análise de resultados da renúncia fiscal concedida.
Importância dos eixos centrais da Reforma Sanitária Brasileira para os princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde: reflexões para a resistência ao avanço neoliberal
Authors: Laurindo Cosme Rezende
Published: May 2022

Objetivo deste estudo é analisar a importância da construção dos princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) a partir das categoriais “Modelo de Determinação Social” e “processo de Trabalho em Saúde”, eixos centrais da Reforma Sanitária Brasileira (RSB). Trata-se de uma análise reflexiva a partir de uma revisão de literatura não sistematizada. Foram estabelecidos os marcos teóricos e conceituais sob a luz do campo da saúde coletiva. A análise foi conduzida em proximidade ao materialismo histórico dialético, atendendo aos pressupostos de dinamicidade e historicidade. O desenvolvimento do estudo está organizado em: análise socio histórica das políticas de saúde no Brasil até meados da década de 1980; contextualização e conceituação do Movimento da RSB; e a análise do Modelo de Determinação Social e do Processo de Trabalho em Saúde enquanto categorias centrais para a construção dos princípios do SUS. Apesar de breve, este estudo promoveu reflexão quanto a importância da construção dos princípios do SUS a partir dos eixos centrais da RSB e da Saúde Coletiva. Foi possível resgate histórico dos caminhos percorridos para se chegar às bases filosóficas, epistemológicas e ideológicas do SUS, imprescindíveis para a construção de um sistema baseado nas necessidades da população e na não-alienação frente às regras do mercado. Assim, torna-se potente instrumento de discussão no campo interdisciplinar da saúde e resistência ao avanço neoliberal, vislumbrando o alcance da efetivação do SUS.
Potencialidades do Fórum de Discussão como Tarefa de Avaliação Formativa online em uma Licenciatura em Matemática da UAB
Authors: Maciel Domício Magalhães , Miskulin Rosana Giaretta Sguerra
Published: May 2022

Neste trabalho, objetivamos apresentar alguns aspectos do processo da Avaliação online revelados na pesquisa de Doutorado do primeiro autor, que se deu no contexto da disciplina Pré-Cálculo II de um curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da UAB, com foco nas interações ocorridas no Fórum de Discussão do Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) do curso. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa se sustentou em referenciais da Pesquisa Qualitativa e da Análise de Conteúdo. Como resultado, os aspectos que foram evidenciados na investigação, vinculados ao Fórum de Discussão, foram: O Fórum de Discussão como instrumento de Avaliação, acompanhamento e comunicação no AVA; Possibilidades do Fórum de Discussão e do Chat como ferramentas de Interação e Aprendizagem; Aspectos da Interação Social como possibilidade de Aprendizagem.
Modal Essence and Power in Deleuze’s Spinoza
Authors: Morejón Gil
Published: May 2022

In this article I critically assess Deleuze’s interpretation of Spinoza’s metaphysics of modes. I argue that the conception of modal essence that Deleuze attributes to Spinoza is untenable in terms of Spinoza’s metaphysics. I further show that the idea that modal essences are eternally static degrees of power is incompatible with Spinoza’s ethics, wherein modes strive to increase their power by means of positive interactions with others. I suggest that Deleuze’s interpretation of this crucial aspect of Spinozism runs the risk of reinstating Platonic idealist and moralistic themes, of the kind that both Spinoza and Deleuze are committed to overcoming.
Isolation and Biochemical Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Gut of Fresh Food Fishes
Authors: S. Vijayananth , Sheeba A.C. Nesakumari , R. Muthezhilan , N. Thirunavukkarasu
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to propose the characterization of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the gut of common five marine fishes using morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Fishes Sillago sihama, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Mugil cephalus, Sardinella longiceps and Nemipterus japonicus were collected from Kaasimedu fish market, Chennai, India. Lactic acid producing bacteria were isolated by using MRS broth. From inoculum, the bacterial colonies were observed in MRS agar using streak plate technique and incubated. Different colonies were observed and the colonies were sub-cultured for further study. Five different types of pure cultures were obtained from Sillago sihama, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Mugil cephalus, Sardinella longiceps and Nemipterus japonicus in MRS agar plates and named as LAB 1, LAB 2, LAB 3, LAB 4 and LAB 5, respectively and subjected for gram staining and catalase test to confirm the Lactic acid bacteria by biochemical method. The different small white colonies with smooth, rounded, entire margins were observed LAB 1, LAB 2, LAB 3, LAB 4 and LAB 5 in Sillago sihama, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Mugil cephalus, Sardinella longiceps and Nemipterus japonicus, respectively. The antibiotics and susceptibility test for LAB 2 and LAB 5 showed reasonable activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. LAB 1 was sensitive to gentamycin, erythromycin and ampicillin drugs. These antibiotics are therefore harmful and destroy this strain of gut flora. However, LAB 1 was resistant to norflaxacin, which is a common antibiotic used to treat stomach disorders like dysentery. This confirmed the action of norfloxacin drug, which restoreed the internal environment of the stomach without destroying gut flora. LAB 5 showed intermediate sensitivity to gentamycin and ampicillin. LAB 4 was also resistant to norfloxacin. It is suggested that the lactic acid bacteria isolated from the fish gut has probiotic properties, especially with reference to being able to inhibit pathogenic strains. Nevertheless, lactic acid bacteria have several beneficial properties and develop novel functional properties for inhibition of microbes by producing growth inhibiting substances and large amounts of lactic acid.
Micrococcus luteus: A Potential Keratinolytic Bacteria Isolated from Poultry Waste Dumping Site at Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: S. Kowsalya , S. Umavathi , B. Deivasigamani , V. Gunasekaran , V. Sathish , Y. Thangam
Published: May 2022

: In this study, the experimental soil samples were collected from poultry waste dumping site at Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu, India. From the five soil samples, 15 bacterial colonies were isolated based on Keratinolytic activity with source of agar nutrient medium, nitrogen, carbon and feather meal powder. After the incubation period only 6 isolates showed clear zone of hydrolysis around colony in feather meal agar medium incubated at 37 C for 72 h. The Bacterial species were identified by the morphological and biochemical tests compared with Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology IV edition. The obtained bacterial genera from poultry waste dumping sites were Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Micrococcus luteus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. During the Keratinolytic activity the maximum zone of inhibition was noticed in the isolate No.3, and it was identified as Micrococcus luteus. The identified potential keratinolytic bacterial species culture was optimized with different temperature, pH, nitrogen and carbon sources for bulk production of enzyme. The bulk production of enzyme was precipitated with 20% of ammonium sulphate and it was purified with dialysis bag and subjected to assay procedure for determination of enzyme activity. The antibiotic sensitivity was tested on the isolated bacterial isolates and the highest antibiotic resistance was observed in Staphylococcus aureus (75%) and second most Salmonella (70%) and followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (60%), Enterococcus faecalis (50%) and Escherichia coli (45%) .
Physico-chemical Analysis of Uppanar River Water Samples Near an Industrial Area in Cuddalore, India
Authors: K. Rajmohan , P. Vijayan
Published: May 2022

As the Uppanar River water is the major component of water system and contamination of this river results in pollution of various water bodies. In Cuddalore, at SIPCOT industrial areas such as Pachchyankuppam (Station 1), Kudikkadu (Station 2) and Sembankuppam (Station 3), have been reported to be contaminated by river water. Cuddalore is a well-known place for the production of many chemical fertilizers which pollute the water. Mostly, the pollutants are industrial chemicals, effluents and other wastes. In this study samples were taken from three different stations areas from Uppanar river water. Chemical parameters vary between Station 1, Station 2 and Station 3 depending upon quality and quality of effluent and river water with regard to pH, temperature, TDS, chloride, sulphate, DO, ammonia, calcium, magnesium, COD and total iron. The water in Cuddalore is being polluted therefore, we have to be aware of polluted water in Cuddalore district and precautions should be taken while using Uppanar river water for human use.
AN EXPLORATION OF BARRIERS TO OFFENDER REINTEGRATION: PROBATION AND PRISON OFFICER OPINIONS VS PUBLIC OPINION
Authors: Sakib S M Nazmuz
Published: May 2022

Stigmatization has been a major hindrance to successful reintegration of released offenders into the community primarily due to increased ostracism and anxiety of the wider community relative to recidivism and public security. This study, therefore, evaluated the position of the general public and probation and prison officers in driving successful reintegration of offenders by assessing their opinions and perceptions towards social reintegration to isolate barriers to successful social reintegration while reducing recidivism. A mixed-methods research guided by a pragmatist epistemological and ontological paradigm was conducted. In the process, a desktop search was carried out on online data repositories and journal databases to gather secondary quantitative and qualitative data, which was subjected to a systematic review.
Innovative Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma Therapies for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Treatment: The Allogeneic Approach
Authors: Mastrogiacomo Maddalena , Nardini Marta , Collina Maria Chiara , Di Campli Cristiana , Filaci Gilberto , Cancedda Ranieri , Odorisio Teresa
Published: May 2022

Cutaneous chronic wounds are a major global health burden in continuous growth, because of population aging and the higher incidence of chronic diseases, such as diabetes. Different treatments have been proposed: biological, surgical, and physical. However, most of these treatments are palliative and none of them can be considered fully satisfactory. During a spontaneous wound healing, endogenous regeneration mechanisms and resident cell activity are triggered by the released platelet content. Activated stem and progenitor cells are key factors for ulcer healing, and they can be either recruited to the wound site from the tissue itself (resident cells) or from elsewhere. Transplant of skin substitutes, and of stem cells derived from tissues such as bone marrow or adipose tissue, together with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatments have been proposed as therapeutic options, and they represent the today most promising tools to promote ulcer healing in diabetes. Although stem cells can directly participate to skin repair, they primarily contribute to the tissue remodeling by releasing biomolecules and microvesicles able to stimulate the endogenous regeneration mechanisms. Stem cells and PRP can be obtained from patients as autologous preparations. However, in the diabetic condition, poor cell number, reduced cell activity or impaired PRP efficacy may limit their use. Administration of allogeneic preparations from healthy and/or younger donors is regarded with increasing interest to overcome such limitation. This review summarizes the results obtained when these innovative treatments were adopted in preclinical animal models of diabetes and in diabetic patients, with a focus on allogeneic preparations.
A Facile Method for Generating a Smooth and Tubular Vessel Lumen Using a Viscous Fingering Pattern in a Microfluidic Device
Authors: Tu Ting-Yuan , Shen Yen-Ping , Lim Sei-Hien , Wang Yang-Kao
Published: May 2022

Blood vessels are ubiquitous in the human body and play essential roles not only in the delivery of vital oxygen and nutrients but also in many disease implications and drug transportation. Although fabricating in vitro blood vessels has been greatly facilitated through various microfluidic organ-on-chip systems, most platforms that are used in the laboratories suffer from a series of laborious processes ranging from chip fabrication, optimization, and control of physiologic flows in micro-channels. These issues have thus limited the implementation of the technique to broader scientific communities that are not ready to fabricate microfluidic systems in-house. Therefore, we aimed to identify a commercially available microfluidic solution that supports user custom protocol developed for microvasculature-on-a-chip (MVOC). The custom protocol was validated to reliably form a smooth and functional blood vessel using a viscous fingering (VF) technique. Using VF technique, the unpolymerized collagen gel in the media channels was extruded by less viscous fluid through VF passive flow pumping, whereby the fluid volume at the inlet and outlet ports are different. The different diameters of hollow tubes produced by VF technique were carefully investigated by varying the ambient temperature, the pressure of the passive pump, the pre-polymerization time, and the concentration of collagen type I. Subsequently, culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells inside the hollow structure to form blood vessels validated that the VF-created structure revealed a much greater permeability reduction than the vessel formed without VF patterns, highlighting that a more functional vessel tube can be formed in the proposed methodology. We believe the current protocol is timely and will offer new opportunities in the field of in vitro MVOC.
Lessons for a SECURE Future: Evaluating Diversity in Crop Biotechnology Across Regulatory Regimes
Authors: George Dalton R. , Hornstein Eli D. , Clower Carrie A. , Coomber Allison L. , Dillard DeShae , Mugwanya Nassib , Pezzini Daniela T. , Rozowski Casey
Published: May 2022

Regulation of next-generation crops in the United States under the newly implemented “SECURE” rule promises to diversify innovation in agricultural biotechnology. Specifically, SECURE promises to expand the number of products eligible for regulatory exemption, which proponents theorize will increase the variety of traits, genes, organisms, and developers involved in developing crop biotechnology. However, few data-driven studies have looked back at the history of crop biotechnology to understand how specific regulatory pathways have affected diversity in crop biotechnology and how those patterns might change over time. In this article, we draw upon 30 years of regulatory submission data to 1) understand historical diversification trends across the landscape and history of past crop biotechnology regulatory pathways and 2) forecast how the new SECURE regulations might affect future diversification trends. Our goal is to apply an empirical approach to exploring the relationship between regulation and diversity in crop biotechnology and provide a basis for future data-driven analysis of regulatory outcomes. Based on our analysis, we suggest that diversity in crop biotechnology does not follow a single trajectory dictated by the shifts in regulation, and outcomes of SECURE might be more varied and restrictive despite the revamped exemption categories. In addition, the concept of confidential business information and its relationship to past and future biotechnology regulation is reviewed in light of our analysis.
Effects of Bacterial Culture and Calcium Source Addition on Lead and Copper Remediation Using Bioinspired Calcium Carbonate Precipitation
Authors: Xue Zhong-Fei , Cheng Wen-Chieh , Wang Lin , Wen Shaojie
Published: May 2022

Lead and copper ions from wastewater induced by metallurgical processes are accumulated in soils, threatening plant and human health. The bioinspired calcium carbonate precipitation is proven effective in improving the cementation between soil particles. However, studies on capsulizing heavy metal ions using the bioinspired calcium carbonate precipitation are remarkably limited. The present study conducted a series of test tube experiments to investigate the effects of bacterial culture and calcium source addition on the remediation efficiency against lead and copper ions. The calcium carbonate precipitation was reproduced using the Visual MINTEQ software package to reveal the mechanism affecting the remediation efficiency. The degradation in the remediation efficiency against lead ions relies mainly upon the degree of urea hydrolysis. However, higher degrees of urea hydrolysis cause remediation efficiency against copper ions to reduce to zero. Such high degree of urea hydrolysis turns pH surrounding conditions into highly alkaline environments. Therefore, pursuing higher degrees of urea hydrolysis might not be the most crucial factor while remedying copper ions. The findings shed light on the importance of modifying pH surrounding conditions in capsulizing copper ions using the bioinspired calcium carbonate precipitation.
The Information Gap in Occupant-Centric Building Operations: Lessons Learned from Interviews with Building Operators in Germany
Authors: Hahn Jakob , Heiler Sarah , Kane Michael B. , Park Sumee , Jensch Werner
Published: May 2022

Differences in building operator strategies can significantly affect building energy use and occupant comfort. However, it seems that the daily work of building operators and facility managers is still largely based on heuristics and individual experiences. In this work, we have investigated the current data collection methods during the operation and its daily use in buildings as well as the handling of occupant behavior, comfort, and user complaints based on interviews with ten building operators in Germany. These interviews were conducted as part of an international study of building operator OCC (Occupant-Centric Control) strategies, under the auspices of the IEA EBC Annex 79. The results of the interviews clearly reflect, that until now, communication between building operators and building occupants plays a more important role in optimizing or adjusting building operations to meet occupant needs than the data collected by BAS, which is mainly used to detect faults and check the system status of key HVAC components when faults occur. In some cases, the real-time data are applied for the adjustment of set points and schedules depending on measured conditions; however, customization of set points considering the user’s preferred temperature or ventilation rate or building operation based on occupancy detection has not yet been implemented in the considered buildings. The overall objective of this contribution to building operation research is to highlight best practices and identify white spaces that fulfill occupant requirements and achieve a high level of energy-efficiency. The presented findings identify current gaps between science and practice in the field of sustainable optimization of building operation, but also point out real-world starting points for future research and development.
Wilson Disease: Update on Pathophysiology and Treatment
Authors: Dev Som , Kruse Robert L. , Hamilton James P. , Lutsenko Svetlana
Published: May 2022

Wilson disease (WD) is a potentially fatal genetic disorder with a broad spectrum of phenotypic presentations. Inactivation of the copper (Cu) transporter ATP7B and Cu overload in tissues, especially in the liver, are established causes of WD. However, neither specific ATP7B mutations nor hepatic Cu levels, alone, explain the diverse clinical presentations of WD. Recently, the new molecular details of WD progression and metabolic signatures of WD phenotypes began to emerge. Studies in WD patients and animal models revealed the contributions of non-parenchymal liver cells and extrahepatic tissues to the liver phenotype, and pointed to dysregulation of nuclear receptors (NR), epigenetic modifications, and mitochondria dysfunction as important hallmarks of WD pathogenesis. This review summarizes recent advances in the characterization of WD pathophysiology and discusses emerging targets for improving WD diagnosis and treatment.
PCSK9 Contributes to the Cholesterol, Glucose, and Insulin2 Homeostasis in Seminiferous Tubules and Maintenance of Immunotolerance in Testis
Authors: Pelletier R.-Marc , Layeghkhavidaki Hamed , Seidah Nabil G. , Prat Annik , Vitale María L.
Published: May 2022

The PCSK9 contribution to cholesterol and immunotolerance homeostasis and response to glucose, and insulin in testis and hypophysis were studied usingPcsk9-deficient (−/−) and transgenic [Tg (PCSK9)] mice, and diabetic, obeseob/obanddb/dbmice. The spermatids/spermatozoa acrosome, peritubular vessels, and epididymal adipocytes were PCSK9- and LDL-R-positive. The pro-PCSK9/PCSK9 ratio was high in interstitial tissue-fractions (ITf) and spermatozoa and low in seminiferous tubule-fractions (STf) in normal adult mice. This ratio decreased in ITf inob/obanddb/dbmice but increased in tubules inob/obmice. Deletingpcsk9lowered cholesterol in serum but increased testicular cholesterol. Furthermore, HMGCoA-red, ACAT-2 and LDL-R turnover increased whereas SR-BI decreased in ITf; in tubules, ABCA1 decreased and 160 kDa LDL-R increased inPcsk9−/−mice. Excess testicular cholesterol could result from increased cholesterol synthesis and uptake with reduction in SR-BI-mediated efflux in ITf and from the overload of apoptotic cells, lowered ABCA1-mediated efflux and stimulated LDL-R protein synthesis in tubules inPcsk9−/−mice. Concomitantly with the cholesterol accumulation, tubules showed infiltrates of immune cells, elevated IL-17A and IL-17RA, and changes in the immunotolerance homeostasis. PCSK9 deficiency decreased glucose in tubules and spermatozoa while increasing insulin2 in ITf and tubules not serum. Moreover, IR-α, and IR-β augmented in tubules but decreased in the anterior pituitary; IR-α increased whereas IR-β decreased in ITf. The histology and cholesterol levels were normal in Tg (PCSK9) mouse testis. The excess cholesterol creates a milieu favorable to the action of high IL-17A and IL-17RA, the development of inflammatory conditions and self-tolerance breakdown in testis.
Synthesis and Characterization of Dispersible Geopolymer Nanoaggregates
Authors: Medpelli Dinesh , Seo Dong-Kyun
Published: May 2022

We present a simple synthetic route to submicron-sized both potassium- and sodium-based geopolymer nanoaggregates whose nanostructure is suitable for applications in polymer composites. The new synthetic method is based on the chemical mechanism of geopolymer formation in which the extent of cross-liking of geopolymer primary particles is dependent of the alkali concentration and the relative amount of water in the precursor mixture. The products exhibited ∼50–60 nm-sized primary particles along with ∼15–20 nm-sized smaller particles. The external surface areas of the products were high, up to 231 m2/g, especially for the sodium-based geopolymer. The primary particles are fused together to form aciniform nanoaggregates with average size of about 400 nm and mesopore volume up to about 0.59 cm3/g. The zeta potential of the nanoaggregates was below ‒ 40 mV in the pH range of 5.7–12, demonstrating that the particles are stable in this pH region and do not undergo aggregation and/or agglomeration. All these characteristics make the new material favorable in application of the material in nanofiller application.
Combined Microbiome and Metabolome Analysis Reveals a Novel Interplay Between Intestinal Flora and Serum Metabolites in Lung Cancer
Authors: Chen Sai , Gui Rong , Zhou Xiong-hui , Zhang Jun-hua , Jiang Hai-ye , Liu Hai-ting , Fu Yun-feng
Published: May 2022

As the leading cause of cancer death, lung cancer seriously endangers human health and quality of life. Although many studies have reported the intestinal microbial composition of lung cancer, little is known about the interplay between intestinal microbiome and metabolites and how they affect the development of lung cancer. Herein, we combined 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology to analyze intestinal microbiota composition and serum metabolism profile in a cohort of 30 lung cancer patients with different stages and 15 healthy individuals. Compared with healthy people, we found that the structure of intestinal microbiota in lung cancer patients had changed significantly (Adonis, p = 0.021). In order to determine how intestinal flora affects the occurrence and development of lung cancer, the Spearman rank correlation test was used to find the connection between differential microorganisms and differential metabolites. It was found that as thez disease progressed, L-valine decreased. Correspondingly, the abundance of Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, the genus with the strongest association with L-valine, also decreased in lung cancer groups. Correlation analysis showed that the gut microbiome and serum metabolic profile had a strong synergy, and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 was closely related to L-valine. In summary, this study described the characteristics of intestinal flora and serum metabolic profiles of lung cancer patients with different stages. It revealed that lung cancer may be the result of the mutual regulation of L-valine and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 through the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathway, and proposed that L-valine may be a potential marker for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Designerly Ways of Knowing in HCI Education: A Case Study of a Peer Community-Based Studio
Authors: Gamboa Mafalda , Ljungblad Sara
Published: May 2022

Design methods and approaches are common within Human-Computer Interaction. And while design is recognized as a discipline with its own epistemology and pedagogy outside of HCI, there is a lot of work to be done in incorporating, facilitating, and developing designerly knowledge in HCI education. The abrupt shift toward distance education caused by COVID-19 surfaced the necessity for course design to purposely support online informal learning environments and facilitating tacit knowledge as previously prevalent in the design studio environment. Firstly, we present theory on design epistemology, related to “designerly ways of knowing” and the role of the studio in the learning process. Secondly, a case study presents the set up of a digital studio for a course in Designing User Experiences, with an emphasis on supporting a community-based studio. The empirical material includes an overview of the course set up and a thorough qualitative analysis of the feedback provided by a cohort of 48 students with diverse backgrounds. The course was conducted online and heavily based on the use of software such as Zoom and Miro. We conclude by offering a set of themes in three categories to be considered when designing community-based “designerly” courses within HCI. As future work, we suggest the Community-Based Designerly Scale to be used, adapted, and developed by teachers and students as a tool in their educational practice.
Mitofilin Mitigates Myocardial Damage in Acute Myocardial Infarction by Regulating Pyroptosis of Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Ma Min , Liang Shi-chu , Diao Kai-yue , Wang Qin , He Yong
Published: May 2022

Background

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can lead to sudden cardiac death after prolonged ischemia or heart failure (HF) and impaired left ventricular pump function. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mitofilin in alleviating AMI.

Methods

Recombinant adenoviral vectors for mitofilin overexpression or mitofilin knockdown were constructed, respectively. A mouse AMI model was established and the effect of mitofilin on myocardial pyroptosis was examined by detecting the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level and inflammatory factors. Moreover, a cellular model of AMI was established by treating cardiomyocytes with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a western blot analysis were used to detect the effect of mitofilin knockdown on the expression of pyroptosis-related factors. Furthermore, the regulatory role of mitofilin in PI3K/AKT pathway was evaluated by the western blot and PI3K inhibitor.

Results

Mitofilin was downregulated in the heart tissue of the AMI mice and H/R induced cardiomyocytes. The overexpression of mitofilin significantly alleviated AMI and reduced pyroptosis-related factors. Meanwhile, in cardiomyocytes, mitofilin knockdown aggravated cellular damages by promoting pyroptosis. Further analysis showed that the anti-pyroptotic effect of mitofilin was dependent on the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Conclusions

Our study suggests that mitofilin regulates pyroptosis through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes to ameliorate AMI, which may serve as a therapeutic strategy for the management of AMI.
Heart Rate Variability Reveals Altered Autonomic Regulation in Response to Myocardial Infarction in Experimental Animals
Authors: Pizzo Emanuele , Berrettoni Silvia , Kaul Ridhima , Cervantes Daniel O. , Di Stefano Valeria , Jain Sudhir , Jacobson Jason T. , Rota Marcello
Published: May 2022

The analysis of beating rate provides information on the modulatory action of the autonomic nervous system on the heart, which mediates adjustments of cardiac function to meet hemodynamic requirements. In patients with myocardial infarction, alterations of heart rate variability (HRV) have been correlated to the occurrence of arrhythmic events and all-cause mortality. In the current study, we tested whether experimental rodent models of myocardial infarction recapitulate dynamics of heart rate variability observed in humans, and constitute valid platforms for understanding mechanisms linking autonomic function to the development and manifestation of cardiovascular conditions. For this purpose, HRV was evaluated in two engineered mouse lines using electrocardiograms collected in the conscious, restrained state, using a tunnel device. Measurements were obtained in naïve mice and animals at 3–∼28 days following myocardial infarction, induced by permanent coronary artery ligation. Two mouse lines with inbred and hybrid genetic background and, respectively, homozygous (Homo) and heterozygous (Het) for the MerCreMer transgene, were employed. In the naïve state, Het female and male mice presented prolonged RR interval duration (∼9%) and a ∼4-fold increased short- and long-term RR interval variability, with respect to sex-matched Homo mice. These differences were abrogated by pharmacological interventions inhibiting the sympathetic and parasympathetic axes. At 3–∼14 days after myocardial infarction, RR interval duration increased in Homo mice, but was not affected in Het animals. In contrast, Homo mice had minor modifications in HRV parameters, whereas substantial (> 50%) reduction of short- and long-term RR interval variation occurred in Het mice. Interestingly, ex vivo studies in isolated organs documented that intrinsic RR interval duration increased in infarcted vs. non-infarcted Homo and Het hearts, whereas RR interval variation was not affected. In conclusion, our study documents that, as observed in humans, myocardial infarction in rodents is associated with alterations in heart rhythm dynamics consistent with sympathoexcitation and parasympathetic withdrawal. Moreover, we report that mouse strain is an important variable when evaluating autonomic function via the analysis of HRV.