bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between weight-adjusted-waist index and the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: a population-based study
Authors: Wang Xiaohua , Xie Lin , Yang Shuo
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The weight-adjusted-waist Index (WWI), an innovative metric for assessing obesity, exhibits superior efficacy in appraising lean muscle and adipose tissue mass relative to both the Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC). The objective of this research paper is to investigate the correlation between WWI and the incidence of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods

In this population-based study, we collected data from adult participants aged 20–80 years using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2011 and 2020 to analyze the association between WWI and the occurrence of RA and OA. NHANES, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey, is designed to evaluate the health and nutritional status of the U.S. population. The current research incorporates an extensive, nationally representative sample of U.S. adults, utilizing weighted multivariate linear regression and smoothed curve fitting techniques to examine linear and non-linear relationships. Threshold effects were determined through a two-part linear regression model. Additionally, subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted to explore the connection between WWI and the incidence of RA and OA.

Results

Our findings reveal a linear positive correlation between WWI and OA prevalence, indicating that an increase in WWI is linked to a heightened risk of OA. Conversely, a non-linear relationship was observed between WWI and RA prevalence, exhibiting a significant threshold effect with a saturation value of 11.21 cm/√kg. A positive association was detected to the left of the saturation point, while no significant association was present between the two variables to the right of the saturation point, suggesting a complex non-linear relationship between RA prevalence and WWI.

Conclusions

This investigation demonstrates a positive linear association between WWI and OA prevalence, as well as a complex non-linear relationship with RA prevalence in U.S. adults aged 20–80 years.
Cerebrospinal fluid GFAP is a predictive biomarker for conversion to dementia and Alzheimer’s disease-associated biomarkers alterations among de novo Parkinson’s disease patients: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Tingting , Zuo Hongzhou , Ma Di , Song Dan , Zhao Yuying , Cheng Oumei
Published: July 2023

Background

Dementia is a prevalent non-motor manifestation among individuals with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an inflammatory marker derived from astrocytes. Research has demonstrated the potential of plasma GFAP to forecast the progression to dementia in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD–MCI). However, the predictive role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) GFAP on future cognitive transformation and alterations in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-associated CSF biomarkers in newly diagnosed PD patients has not been investigated.

Methods

210 de novo PD patients from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative were recruited. Cognitive progression in PD participants was evaluated using Cox regression. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between baseline CSF GFAP and cognitive function and AD-related CSF biomarkers were evaluated using multiple linear regression and generalized linear mixed model.

Results

At baseline, the mean age of PD participants was 60.85 ± 9.78 years, including 142 patients with normal cognition (PD–NC) and 68 PD–MCI patients. The average follow-up time was 6.42 ± 1.69 years. A positive correlation was observed between baseline CSF GFAP and age (β = 0.918,p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in baseline CSF GFAP levels between PD–NC and PD–MCI groups. Higher baseline CSF GFAP predicted greater global cognitive decline over time in early PD patients (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, β = − 0.013,p = 0.014). Furthermore, Cox regression showed that high baseline CSF GFAP levels were associated with a high risk of developing dementia over an 8-year period in the PD–NC group (adjusted HR = 3.070, 95% CI 1.119–8.418,p = 0.029). In addition, the baseline CSF GFAP was positively correlated with the longitudinal changes of not only CSF α-synuclein (β = 0.313,p < 0.001), but also CSF biomarkers associated with AD, namely, amyloid-β 42 (β = 0.147,p = 0.034), total tau (β = 0.337,p < 0.001) and phosphorylated tau (β = 0.408,p < 0.001).

Conclusions

CSF GFAP may be a valuable prognostic tool that can predict the severity and progression of cognitive deterioration, accompanied with longitudinal changes in AD-associated pathological markers in early PD.
INVESTORS’ OVERCONFIDENCE IN THE STOCK MARKET
Authors: Rajasekharan Ganesh  , Sampath Thiyagarajan  , Gopala Vasudevan  , G. Naresh
Published: July 2023

An investor would normally depend on technical or/and fundamental analysis to make his/her investment decision in the secondary market. But in most cases the investor may not have time to do these analyses, understand the market or stock and then make the decision, therefore, they often end up taking irrational decisions. In some cases, the investors take these irrational decisions on the basis of the overconfidence they have concerning the information they possess. These investors are termed to bear overconfidence bias. The study aims to examine the influence of overconfidence bias in the Indian stock market. The study employed Vector Autoregression (VAR) methodology and impulse response function to know how long the bias persists in the market once the overconfidence bias is influenced by the investor. The results of the study show enough evidence to point out the influence of overconfidence bias in the market and it persists for more than 110 days. The study also finds out Efficient Market Hypothesis does not hold good. Our study period includes the time period since globalization of the Indian stock market and it also covers several periods of stress including the global financial crisis of 2007–08 and COVID-19 period.
MAX WEBER’S RATIONALITY IN ACCOUNTING RESEARCH
Authors: Salah Uddin Rajib
Published: July 2023

Max Weber (1864–1920), a German political economist, sociologist and historian has been influencing the critical accounting research significantly since 20th century. This paper aims to investigate the influence of Weber’s ‘rationality’ concept in accounting research through the identification of research platforms, trends and major themes and findings. This study adopts the qualitative research methods. A number of papers from 1984 to 2021 have been analyzed to reach the aim. Call of modernization and human inheritance with tradition force men to act in a rational and calculative way which are the premise of Weber’s rationality. Through the three specific things – calculability, methodological behavior and reflexivity Weber defined rationality and its process in the society. The study finds that Weber’s rationality has been used to understand the society and its reflection in the implementation of accounting mechanisms. Various disciplines of accounting (financial accounting, management accounting and auditing) as well as implementation of various tools of accounting have been investigated under the concept of rationality. Both the public and private enterprises have been investigated under the concept of rationality. It is expected that the study will contribute to understand the application of Weber’s concept in accounting research and potentiality as well.
Assessment of Bio-physiological damages and cytological aberrations in cowpea varieties treated with gamma rays and sodium azide
Authors: Raina Aamir , Tantray Younas Rasheed , Khan Samiullah
Published: July 2023

The assessment of mutagen induced biological damage forms an important study in determining the mutagenic potency and genotypic sensitivity, a vital aspect in mutation breeding programs. A prior assessment of lethal dose (LD50), mutagen induced biological damage (alterations in bio-physiological traits and frequency of cytological aberrations) is a prerequisite for determining an optimum mutagen dose in a successful mutation breeding experiment. Therefore, in a multi-year project of mutation breeding, two widely cultivated varieties of cowpea viz., Gomati VU-89 and Pusa-578, were treated with gamma (γ) rays and sodium azide (SA) doses. The results reflected a proportionate increase in bio-physiological damages with the increase in mutagenic doses and caused a substantial reduction in mean seed germination and seedling height. Different cytological aberrations such as cytomixis, univalents, chromosome stickiness, precocious separation, unequal separation, bridges, laggards, disturbed polarity, dyads, triads, and polyads were observed in both varieties. All the mutagen doses induced a broader spectrum of cytological aberrations with varying frequencies.
Advances and future trends in research on carbon emissions reduction in China from the perspective of bibliometrics
Authors: Chen Caiyun , Liu Wei
Published: July 2023

Addressing global warming is one of the most pressing environmental challenges and a crucial agenda for humanity. In this literature study, we employed bibliometrics to reproduce nearly two decades of research on carbon emission reduction in China, the largest carbon emitter worldwide. The scientometrics analysis was conducted on 1570 academic works published between 2001 and 2021 concerning China’s carbon emission reduction to characterize the knowledge landscape. Using CiteSpace and VOSviewer, the basic characteristics, research forces, knowledge base, research topic evolution, and research hotspots were identified and revealed. The analysis results show that the attention to and research on China’s carbon emissions have increased in recent years, giving rise to leading institutions and relatively stable core journal groups in this field. The research disciplines are relatively concentrated, but the research collaboration needs strengthening. The research hotspots are mainly carbon emission causes, impacts, and countermeasures in China, and the research frontiers have been constantly advanced and expanded. In the future, research on countermeasures needs more effort, and research cooperation needs to strengthen. The changing landscape of hotspot clusters reveals China’s transition towards a low-carbon economy. Through comprehensive analysis of the potential and obstacles to China’s transition to low-carbon development, we identified three promising areas of action (low-carbon cities, low-carbon technologies and industries, and transforming China’s energy system) and proposed research directions to address remaining gaps systematically.
Doing our best and doing no harm: A focused ethnography of staff moral experiences of providing palliative care at a Médecins Sans Frontières pediatric hospital in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Yantzi Rachel , Hadiuzzaman Md , Sen Gupta Pradip Kumar , Lamrous Amin , Richardson Kathryn , Pringle John , Schwartz Lisa , Hossain Puspita , Kizito David , Burza Sakib
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) Goyalmara Hospital in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh is a referral centre offering the highest level of care available in the Rohingya camps for pediatrics and neonatology. Efforts are underway to integrate pediatric palliative care due to high mortality and medical complexity of patients, yet little is known about the experiences of staff delivering palliative and end-of-life care. The purpose of this study was to understand the moral experiences of MSF staff to inform program planning and implementation.

Methods

This focused ethnography was conducted between March-August 2021 at Goyalmara Hospital. Data collection involved participant-observation, individual interviews (22), focus group discussions (5), and analysis of documents including MSF clinical guidelines, admission and referral criteria, reports, and training materials. Data analysis followed a modified version of the Qualitative Analysis Guide of Leuven and data were coded using NVivo software.

Results

The prevailing understanding of pediatric palliative care among national and international staff was care that prioritized comfort for infants and children who were not expected to survive. Staff’s views were informed by their sense of obligation to do no harm, to do their best on behalf of their patients, and religious beliefs about God’s role in determining the child’s outcome. The authority of doctors, international staff, as well as protocols and guidelines shaped palliative care decision-making. Staff saw clinical guidelines as valuable resources that supported a consistent approach to care over time, while others were concerned that palliative care guidelines were rigidly applied.

Conclusion

When integrating palliative care into humanitarian programs, it is important to emphasize the active role of palliative care in reducing suffering. Advocacy for access to the highest level of care possible should continue alongside palliative care integration. While palliative care guidelines are valuable, it is essential to encourage open discussion of staff concerns and adapt care plans based on the family’s needs and preferences.
Der Raumordnungspolitische Orientierungsrahmen der Bundesregierung – eine neue Positionsbestimmung für die Raumordnungspolitik
Authors: Lauschmann Elisabeth
Published: July 2023

Der Beitrag schließt an einen Aufsatz von Hans-Jürgen von der Heide über die Entstehungsgeschichte, die Grundkonzeption und die Leitbilder des Raumordnungspolitischen Orientierungsrahmens an (vgl. RuR 51 (1993) 1, S. 2–9) und beschränkt sich auf einige kritische Überlegungen zum „Leitbild Umwelt und Raumnutzung“. Dabei werden sowohl grundsätzliche Fragen der Aufgaben einer „raumplanerischen Umweltvorsorge“ angesprochen als auch Probleme, die sich speziell aus der Konkurrenz ökonomischer und ökologischer Flächenansprüche ergeben. Auf die Notwendigkeit einer umweltverträglichen Flächennutzungsplanung wird hingewiesen, ebenso auf die im Entwurf eines Umweltgesetzbuches vorgeschlagene Einführung einer Umweltleitplanung und die Vorarbeiten für die Erstellung einer „Umweltökonomischen Gesamtrechnung“, die auch für die Raumordnungspolitik völlig neue Orientierungsdaten bringen würde.
Regionale Auswirkungen des europäischen Binnenmarktes auf die neuen Bundesländer
Authors: Müller Walter
Published: July 2023

Mit Hilfe einer Branchenstrukturanalyse und aufbauend auf bereits vorliegende Studien wurden die regionalen Effekte des europäischen Binnenmarktes auf Ostdeutschland sowohl im Vergleich mit den alten Bundesländern als auch im interregionalen Vergleich zwischen ostdeutschen Regionen untersucht. Danach ist anzunehmen, daß der Binnenmarkt tendenziell eine Verschärfung der regionalen Diskrepanzen zwischen den alten und neuen Bundesländern verursachen wird. Darüber hinaus wurde deutlich, daß sich die positiven und negativen Regionaleffekte des Binnenmarktes sehr unterschiedlich auf die Länder und Kreise Ostdeutschlands verteilen werden. Binnenmarktinduzierte Änderungen in der regionalen Finanzstruktur dürften sich jedoch nicht bemerkbar machen.
Cutting forces by peripheral cutting of low density wood species
Authors: Porankiewicz Bolesław , Bermudez E. Julio C. , Tanaka Chiaki
Published: July 2023

In this paper multifactor non-linear dependencies of cutting forces from several machining parameters for low density wood of Liriodendron tulipifera Linn., known as Yellow Poplar, and Cordia alliodora Ruiz. & Pav., known as laurel blanco wood or capa prieto, were evaluated from experimental matrices. In the analyzed relations there was evidence for several strong interactions, which have been graphically illustrated and discussed.
Contribution to the study of hydroxymethylation reaction of alkali lignin
Authors: Malutan Theodor , Nicu Raluca , Popa Valentin I.
Published: July 2023

The hydroxymethylation of alkali lignin with formaldehyde in alkaline solution was studied. The influence of reaction conditions of the hydroxymethylation of alkali lignin was followed by modifying the temperature, time, and the ratios of NaOH to lignin and CH2O to lignin. Three different types of alkali lignin were utilized. The reaction was followed by total consumption of formaldehyde, and the resulting products were characterized through FTIR-spectra, thermogravimetry analysis, ash and moisture contents, as well as by the amounts of OH groups.
Sustainable Construction Transition (SCT) Policy Regime in Kenya
Authors: Joseph Samuel , Ralwala Anthony , Wachira-Towey Isabella , Mutisya Emmanuel
Published: July 2023

The global construction industry is lagging in transitioning to sustainability, and the Kenyan construction industry is not excluded. As a result, and in response, there are Kenyan policies with specific provisions on SCT. Despite this progress, there is limited empirical research on their scope and implementation dynamics. Against this backdrop, this study examined Kenya's SCT policy regime regarding its priorities, instruments, and stakeholder orientation, including any inherent shortcomings. This aimed to make appropriate recommendations for an improved SCT policy regime to enhance and optimise industry SCT performance. Qualitative research design, specifically, qualitative content analysis technique, was used to analyse the 34 policy documents identified. The findings indicate that the regime: priorities – primarily focus on environmental sustainability targeting strategic and tactical implementation levels with minimal focus on SCT socio-economic objectives and operational level of implementation, which reduces its comprehensiveness; instruments – driven by regulations, the constitution, and Acts of Parliament, as well as codes, guidelines, and plans, from multiple sources, primarily aimed at regulation and control and not the other policy instruments functions hence not delivering on their full potential; and, stakeholder orientation – primarily targeting developers/owners/occupiers and government with less focus on the other stakeholders and thus not leveraging their specific roles in SCT supply chain. The resulting recommendations were: priorities – need for improved focus on SCT's socio-economic objectives and operational level of implementation; instruments – need for a central database and leveraging them to support economic incentives, supporting activities, liability compensation, education and information, voluntary programs, and management and planning; and, stakeholder orientation – improved targeting of contractors, suppliers/producers/manufacturers, professional consultants, non-governmental and civil society organisations, and media. Lastly, given that this study focused on SCT policy evaluation, future research can focus on other parts of the policy-making process.
Keywords: Business, Construction, Content analysis, Kenya, Performance, Planning, Policy regime, South Africa, Strategy, Sustainability, Sustainable Construction Transition (SCT).
Euphemism roles as a disguise tool in political texts: A case study of Tempo online political articles
Authors: Jaganegara Haidar , Wijana I Dewa Putu
Published: July 2023

The mass media tends to use euphemisms in political news narratives. The euphemistic was chosen by the editor to avoid controversy due to the broadcast of a news material. This research aims to discuss the types of euphemisms in the news narrative on Tempo political articles (December 2022-January 2023). Political euphemism is seen through van Dijk's paradigm which focuses on local semantics and lexicon, especially how political leaders tend to use this style of language as a political linguistic tactic. The data in the form of political texts were then tested again with Allan and Burridge's concept of euphemism who thought that euphemism as an ideal style of language in social communication in order to achieve maximum effect to avoid sensitive topics. The results of the study conclude that there is a tendency to use euphemisms in word and phrase classes by politicians. Their linguistic corpus consists mostly of metaphors, synecdoche, borrowing, hyperbole, abbreviations, and acronyms.
Tom and Jerry Based Multipath Routing with Optimal K-medoids for choosing Best Clusterhead in MANET
Authors: Krishnan V. Gokula , Sankar K. , Saradhi M. V. Vijaya , Priya K. Hema , Vijayaraja V.
Published: July 2023

Given the unpredictable nature of a MANET, routing has emerged as a major challenge in recent years. For effective routing in a MANET, it is necessary to establish both the route discovery and the best route selection from among many routes. The primary focus of this investigation is on finding the best path for data transmission in MANETs. In this research, we provide an efficient routing technique for minimising the time spent passing data between routers. Here, we employ a routing strategy based on Tom and Jerry Optimization (TJO) to find the best path via the MANET's routers, called Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV). The AODV-TJO acronym stands for the suggested approach. This routing technique takes into account not just one but three goal functions: total number of hops. When a node or connection fails in a network, rerouting must be done. In order to prevent packet loss, the MANET employs this rerouting technique. Analyses of AODV-efficacy TJO's are conducted, and results are presented in terms of energy use, end-to-end latency, and bandwidth, as well as the proportion of living and dead nodes. Vortex Search Algorithm (VSO) and cuckoo search are compared to the AODV-TJO approach in terms of performance. Based on the findings, the AODV-TJO approach uses 580 J less energy than the Cuckoo search algorithm when used with 500 nodes.
Genomic, Phenotypic, and Ecological Data Provide Decisive Support for Multiple Species in the Seriphium plumosum Complex (Gnaphalieae: Asteraceae)
Authors: Shaik Zaynab , Bergh Nicola G , Oxelman Bengt , Verboom G Anthony
Published: July 2023

Parallel advances in next-generation sequencing and the development of analytical tools that use sequence data from multiple, unlinked loci have, over the past decade, shifted species discovery and delimitation firmly into the genomic sphere. While most recent analytical applications are underpinned by the Multi-Species Coalescent (MSC), the assumption that species conform to Wright-Fisher populations compromises the ability of this model to resolve species which are loosely knit, metapopulation-like entities that display significant spatial genetic structure. In this paper, we therefore employ a suite of analytical methods (MSC-based species discovery, DISSECT/STACEY; sparse Non-negative Matrix Factorisation, sNMF; discriminant analysis of principal components, DAPC) to thousands of massively parallel-sequenced loci, generated via Genotyping-by-Sequencing, for the purpose of resolving metapopulation-like species in the taxonomically recalcitrant Seriphium plumosum L. (Asteraceae; Gnaphalieae) species complex. These methods are complementary in illuminating different characteristics of the entities being resolved (e.g., monophyly, gene pool exclusivity) and so testing different aspects of a species hypothesis. In our study, these methods display remarkable congruence in terms of the groups they reveal, together yielding a set of 12 consensus population clusters which correspond to putative taxonomic species. Using linear discriminant analyses and tests of isolation-by-distance, we further assess whether these entities are phenotypically and ecologically distinct and, where possible, whether they describe a common spatial field of gene exchange. Based on our results, we find evidence of at least eight independent species in the S. plumosum complex, most of which are not truly cryptic, and at least five of which maintain their genetic distinctness in sympatry and so qualify as biological species. Our findings corroborate previous work suggesting a need for diverse tools to properly circumscribe the species-level diversity of South Africa’s Cape flora.
Study of Clinical Profile, Radiological Findings and Risk Factors in Patients with Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Lade Vivek , Chafekar Neelima
Published: July 2023

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare cause of stroke in adults especially in the young. It is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the physician, given the wide spectrum of its clinical presentation. The purpose of the present study is to describe the clinical features, risk factors, radiological findings and outcome in a patient of Cerebral venous thrombosis. Objective: To study clinical profile, radiological findings and risk factors in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis amongst study participants. Material and Method: The prospective observational study was conducted on 60 patients admitted in department of General Medicine at tertiary health care institute at Nashik. Written informed consent was taken from all the study participants, and those who gave consent and satisfy eligibility criteria were enrolled in the present study between August 2017 to December 2019 with a radiologically confirmed diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis. Detailed history, clinical examination, laboratory investigations were carried out in all the cases and followed until discharge from the hospital or death. All the data will be analysed by applying appropriate statistical tests Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: Majority of incidence was seen in 18-30 age group comprising 50% of the cases, with equal sex distribution. Mean age of patient was found to be 37.3 years. Most patient had subacute onset with headache (76.67%) being the commonest presenting symptoms followed by convulsions and focal deficit in 46.67%. Hemiparesis 43.67% followed by papilloedema 33% were the most common neurological signs. Hyperhomocystinemia 33.67% and Protein S deficiency 20% were the most common risk factors identified in males whereas anemia 60% and puerperium 26.67% were most common in females. Transverse sinus (66.33%) was most common sinus involved radiologically followed by superior sagittal sinus in 43.67%. In 90% of the cases Low Molecular Weight Heparin [LMWH] was given and remaining 10% were given intravenous unfractionated heparin. 14% cases underwent decompressive surgery. Mortality was found to be 6.33% in the present study. Conclusion: High index of suspicion required for diagnosis of Cerebral venous thrombosis. The clinical presentation is nonspecific, can vary significantly and often makes the diagnosis of quite puzzling. MRI brain and MR Venogram are necessary for establishing a diagnosis. Patients are treated with anticoagulants, antiepileptics and antiedema measures and surgical decompression in case of continuing deterioration, in spite of maximum medical management. Cerebral venous thrombosis has a good prognosis unlike arterial ischemic stroke if the acute stage of illness has been survived.
Study of Schatzker Type V and VI Proximal Tibial Fractures Functional Outcome, Treated with Bicondylar Plating at Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Pangavane Sandeep , Pekhale Mayur , Sharma Akshaj
Published: July 2023

Background: The treatment of complex fractures of Tibial plateau is challenging even for the most experienced surgeons. These injuries, affecting mainly the younger population during their most productive years causes a socioeconomic impact. A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the of Schatzker type V and VI, functional outcome, managed through internal fixation and open reduction was thus evaluated in this retrospective study. Materials and Methods: In our study, we used Rasmussen et al., score to evaluate patients. A simple and valid score, it helps the patient’s to access their own perspective regarding surgical outcome. We have attempted to present Type V/VI Schatzker’s proximal tibia fractures in our tertiary care centre. With the increase in population, intern giving rise to increase in automobiles, has resulted in more vehicle accidents. Results: The study was conducted on 30 cases of surgically treated closed proximal tibia fractures and was analysed under the criterias of - sex, age, cause of injury, fracture type, range of motion, time taken for union, and occurrence of complications. Conclusions: The results of this study thus show an excellent functional outcome, with the open reduction and internal fixation surgery as there is minimal soft tissue complication with it. The rigid fixation with bicondylar plating helps in stability for early mobilisation and the range of motion thus ensuring optimal functional recovery and patient satisfaction.
Роль физической культуры в современном мире
Authors: Федотова Г.В. , Федосова Л.П. , Колесниченко Т.В.
Published: July 2023

В данной статье говорится о пользе физической культуры и спорта для здоровье человека, говорится о необходимости утренней зарядке и двигательной активности на протяжении всего дня. Приведены примеры отрицательного эффекта на организм при не соблюдении физической активности человека, которые ведут за собой последствия ухудшения здоровья.
Российская киноиндустрия: особенности, проблемы, перспективы развития
Authors: Борисова А.А.
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена проблемам, с которыми сталкивается киноиндустрия в России, их решение и инновации в технологическом процессе создания фильмов. Цель: анализ способов поддержки отечественного кино. Методом исследования был выбран вторичный анализ открытых российский и зарубежных источников. Отдельное внимание в статье было уделено перспективам и возможностям для молодых авторов. В ходе исследования были выявлено отношение и мнение зрителей к отечественной кинопродукции, а также определение основных платформ для реализации проката фильмом в будущем.
Sources of Economically Valuable Features for Selection of Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) in Conditions of Absheron Peninsula
Authors: Asadova Almas
Published: July 2023

Background: In a world facing climate change and associated environmental stresses that hamper agricultural productivity and food security, the requirement for more sustainable agriculture is on the rise. In this regard, there is a need to expand the area of cultivation of drought-resistant leguminous crops. The purpose of the research is to study the grass pea collection, to identify forms with economically valuable traits and to create on their basis a new highly productive, technologically advanced, valuable with its quality grass pea grain for a selection in the conditions of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Methods: The studies were conducted in 2017-2020 at the Institute of Genetic Resources (IGR) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Azerbaijan. 75 samples were used as research material:25 of them were local forms and 50 were samples obtained from ICARDA. The productivity and structure of the harvest have been analyzed. Result: As a result of research, the most high-yielding and high-quality samples GP-58, GP-59, GP-65, GP-71, GP-73, İFLA-2973, İFLA-240, İFLA-479, İFLA-1795, İFLA-242, GP-56, GP-87. were revealed in the studied grass pea samples. During the implementation of the breeding program using the results, we have developed a new early ripe, drought-resistant, heat-resistant, disease-resistant and high-yielding variety Zirve by the method of repeated individual selection from the local forms. These studies are an important initial study for the subsequent production of new varieties. We hope that this will lead to an increase in the acreage of grass pea in the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Komunikacja z pacjentem z perspektywy hermeneutyczno-orkiestralnej. Rzecz o wciąż słabo rozpoznanej w Polsce medycynie narracyjnej
Authors: Woźny Aleksander
Published: July 2023

Celem artykułu jest umieszczenie medycyny narracyjnej w ramach hermeneutyki i komunikacji orkiestralnej, przeciwstawianej komunikacji inżynierskiej. Jej model, określany jako schemat wpływu, stworzono dla potrzeb nauk ścisłych w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Wywodzi się on z tradycji badawczej przełomu lat czterdziestych i pięćdziesiątych XX wieku, powstałej w kręgu inżynierów i uczonych prowadzących badania nad funkcjonowaniem telegrafu, a następnie przeniesionej i upowszechnionej w humanistyce. Autor artykułu przyjmuje tezę, zgodnie z którą doszło do koincydencji szerszego zakresowo modelu wpływu z tak zwanym modelem Flexnera, który w początkach XX wieku zrewolucjonizował edukację amerykańskich lekarzy — przydał medycynie status biomedyczny i ogłosił triumf technologii, a pacjenta sprowadził do pozycji przedmiotu. Mój artykuł sprzeciwia się procesowi technologizowania medycyny kosztem kultury i wskazuje na potrzebę bardziej personalistycznego podejścia do chorego. Drogę do metamorfozy komunikacji na linii lekarz — pacjent otwiera literatura, traktowana w medycynie narracyjnej jako wielkie laboratorium etyczne i komunikacyjne. Pozwala ono nie tylko przebudować relację z pacjentem, ale umożliwia także lekarzowi pogłębioną samorefleksję i poczucie bycia osobą. Zaprezentowany w artykule proces śledczy prowadzi od analizy modelu wpływu, upowszechnianego w Stanach Zjednoczonych metodą przypominającą działalność sekt, po refleksję nad psychoanalizą Freuda przeniesioną do Ameryki, a następnie upowszechnianą, także w sposób sekciarski, i spopularyzowaną po jej „przerobieniu” na modłę przyrodoznawczą.
How to live longer: lived experience of older adults in Thailand
Authors: Kumpeera Kittisak , Daengthern Laddawan , Thojampa Somsak , Udkhammee Kunchayarat
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Thai population data across the country found that the number of older adults who were aged over 80 years old increased. The researcher was interested in caring of older adults following the context of lifestyle, detail of self care, and social support which make older people live longer than the average life expectancy. The nurses can use obtain information to appropriate health promotion for adults who are becoming older adults. It makes people to good quality of life when they are older and life longevity.

Methods: This qualitative research has a purposive sampling method that was used to select ten participants who were aged 80 years and above and from five villages, the inclusion criteria was who can communicate in Thai language and agreed to participate in this research project. An in depth interview using open ended questionnaire were conducted to explore the factors leading to longevity among older people.

Results: This study revealed four themes related to longevity in older adults as follows: food type choices, exercise as part of daily life, reduction of stress options, and dealing with illness.

Conclusion: The relatives and healthcare providers of older adults should support them to eat healthy food, do regular exercises, volunteer in activities that help society, regularly meditate to calm the mind, and have fast access to health system services.  

 

Keywords: food type choices, exercise as part of daily life, reduction of stress options, dealing with illness, Life long
A Multifunctional Drug Delivery System Based on Switchable Peptide-Stabilized Emulsions
Authors: Reches Meital , Boas Daniel , Teijlingen Alexander van , Shpilt Zohar , Shalev Deborah , Tshuva Edit , Tuttle Tell
Published: July 2023

Emulsions are commonly used for drug delivery, yet they are usually limited to exclusively delivering either lipophilic compounds or hydrophilic compounds. This separation negates possible synergetic therapeutic roles between such compounds. Here, we introduce a novel design for a short peptide that can stabilize emulsions. Upon binding certain metal ions, the peptide acts as a molecular switch, changes conformation, and becomes amphiphilic. Spectroscopic methods, NMR, and molecular dynamics provide information on the mechanism of this complexation-triggered amphiphilicity. The stability of these unique emulsions is based on histidine-metal bonds, which break at low pH values, selectively releasing their contents at the extracellular pH of tumors. Paclitaxel-encapsulated emulsion demonstrated strong activity against HeLa cells with an IC50 of 70 nM, possibly enhanced by the simultaneous release of Zn2+ ions. Importantly, the emulsion was easily functionalized with various hexahistidine-tagged motifs that can supply the emulsions with many functions beyond drug delivery.
Novel cellular systems unveil mucosal melanoma initiating cells and a role for PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in mucosal melanoma fitness.
Authors: Monti Matilde , Gatta Luisa Benerini , Bugatti Mattia , Pezzali Irene , Picinoli Sara , Manfredi Marcello , Lavazza Antonio , Vanella Virginia Vita , De Giorgis Veronica , Zanatta Lucia , Missale Francesco , Zanetti Benedetta , Bozzoni Giovanni , Cadei Moris , Vergani Barbara , Balzarini Piera , Battocchio Simonetta , Facco Carla , Turri-Zanoni Mario , Castelnuovo Paolo , Nicolai Piero , Fonsatti Ester , Leone Biagio Eugenio , Marengo Emilio , Ronca Roberto , Perego Michela , Lombardi Davide , Vermi William
Published: July 2023

Background: Mucosal Melanomas (MM) are highly aggressive neoplasms arising from mucosal melanocytes. Current treatments offer a limited survival benefit for patients with advanced MM; moreover, the lack of pre-clinical cellular systems has significantly limited the understanding of their immunobiology.
Methods: Five novel cell lines were obtained from patient-derived biopsies of MM arising in the sino-nasal mucosa and designated as SN-MM1-5. The morphology, ultrastructure and melanocytic identity of SNMM cell lines were validated by transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, in vivo tumorigenicity of SN-MM1-5 was tested by subcutaneous injection in NOD/SCID mice. Molecular characterization of SN-MM cell lines was performed by a mass-spectrometry proteomic approach, and their sensitivity to PI3K chemical inhibitor LY294002 was validated by Akt activation, measured by pAkt(Ser473) and pAkt(Thr308) in immunoblots, and MTS assay.
Results: This study reports the validation and functional characterization of five newly generated SN-MM cell lines. Compared to the normal counterpart, the proteomic profile of SN-MM is consistent with transformed melanocytes showing a heterogeneous degree of melanocytic differentiation and activation of cancer-related pathways. All SN-MM cell lines resulted tumorigenic in vivo and display recurrent structural variants according to aCGH analysis. Of relevance, the microscopic analysis of the corresponding xenotransplants allowed the identification of clusters of MITF-/CDH1-/CDH2+/ZEB1+/CD271+ cells, supporting the existence of melanoma-initiating cells also in MM, as confirmed in clinical samples. The proteomic analysis of SN-MM cell lines revealed that RICTOR, a subunit of mTORC2 complex, is the most significantly activated upstream regulator, suggesting a relevant role for the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway in these neoplasms. Copy number variations involving components of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway were found in SN-MM cell lines. Moreover, phosphorylation of NDRG1 and Akt activation was observed in SN-MM, the latter being constitutive and sustained by PTEN loss in SN-MM2 and SN-MM3. The cell viability impairment induced by LY294002 confirmed a functional role for the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway in SN-MM cell lines.
Conclusions: Overall, these novel and unique cellular systems represent relevant experimental tools for a better understanding of the immunobiology of these neoplasms and, as an extension, to MM from other sites.
Quality of Life of Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Gender Differences in Inner Strength and Multiple Identities
Authors: Yu Hannah , Ryu Eunjung
Published: July 2023

Background
This study aimed to investigate the differences in inner strength, multiple identities, and quality of life among colorectal cancer survivors, with a focus on gender. Additionally, the study aimed to identify the factors that influence their quality of life.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 170 colorectal cancer survivors in Korea. Participants were recruited from an online self-help group for colorectal cancer survivors. Participants were recruited from an online self-help group for survivors of colorectal cancer. Participants were divided into specific groups based on gender for the purpose of examining the differences in study variables, and additional analyses were conducted. The factors influencing their quality of life were identified through multiple regression analysis, without dividing the participants.
Results
The quality of life for male colorectal cancer survivors was higher than that of female survivors. In terms of inner strength, ‘anguish and searching' was higher in male while ‘connectedness' was higher in female. Inner strength was found to be the most powerful influencing factor on quality of life, after controlling for age and gender.
Conclusions
This study aimed to determine the significance of inner strength in survivors of colorectal cancer. It enabled a more comprehensive understanding of the quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors by not only focusing on the factors that impact quality of life, but also by examining how these impacts vary based on gender. To improve the quality of life for survivors of colorectal cancer, it is crucial to understand the impact of factors such as gender and inner strength. Additionally, it is crucial to establish personalized interventions that specifically target their unique characteristics. The inner strength plays an important role in improving the quality of life for survivors of colorectal cancer. This study suggests that inner strength is applicable to male cancer survivors and supports the inner strength theory.
The role of the novel lncRNA lncFABP4 in modulating adipogenic differentiation in buffalo intramuscular preadipocytes
Authors: Li Ruirui , Zhu Ruirui , Yang Xintong , Feng Ye , He Qin , Wang Haopeng , Liu Qingyou , Shi Deshun , Huang Jieping
Published: July 2023

Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a crucial determinant of meat quality and is influenced by various regulatory factors. Despite the growing recognition of the important role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in IMF deposition, the mechanisms underlying buffalo IMF deposition remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified and characterized a novel lncRNA, lncFABP4, which was transcribed from the antisense strand of FABP4. Moreover, lncFABP4 significantly increased intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation, as indicated by an increase in the expression of the adipogenic markers peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4). Mechanistically, lncFABP4 was found to have the potential to regulate downstream gene expression by forming transcriptional complexes with the FABP4 protein. These findings contribute to a further understanding of the intricate mechanisms through which lncRNAs modulate intramuscular adipogenesis in buffaloes.
Participatory Design and Evaluation of the “Stem Cells Australia” Website for Delivering Complex Health Knowledge: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Pang Patrick Cheong-Iao , Munsie Megan , Chang Shanton , Tanner Claire , Walker Christine
Published: July 2023

Background

The internet has become a commonly used information source for people seeking to understand their health care options. However, inconsistent representation about what stem cell treatments are available and from whom, coupled with the lack of transparency about what has been shown to work or is even safe, can distract and mislead users. Given these challenges, there is a need to develop effective evidence-based tools for delivering information about health care options involving stem cells.

Objective

A need to redesign an existing website in Australia was identified to provide trustworthy information about stem cell research and to counter misinformation. Using a participatory design approach to generate an understanding of what information users need for stem cell treatments, the Stem Cells Australia website serves as a case study for the development and evaluation of websites delivering complex messages about science and health.

Methods

This study comprised 3 steps. First, a focus group and several one-on-one interviews with a purposive sample of users (n=12) were conducted to identify their needs and requirements. Second, we designed a new version of the website based on findings from the focus group and interviews. Finally, for evaluating the participatory design process, we collected 180 days of Google Analytics data for both the original and redesigned versions (90 days for each) and compared their differences using 2-sample z tests.

Results

The feedback from participants was grouped into 3 themes—needed and unwanted information, how and where to obtain information, and their information preferences. These were translated into requirements for rebuilding the website. The redesigned version reached users in other continents, despite the daily numbers of users (−61.2%; P<.001) and sessions (−61.7%; P<.001) decreasing. The redesigned version also showed substantial decrease in daily bounce rate (−97.2%; P<.001), significant increase in the daily average of page reads per session (+110.8%; P<.001), and long daily average for session duration (+22.9%; P=.045). Navigation flow analysis showed more traffic toward web pages related to health conditions in the redesigned version.

Conclusions

Websites about stem cell research need to provide content for vulnerable global audiences. Participatory design that addresses knowledge gaps and information needs can produce better performance and engagement, which can be evaluated using Google Analytics, a common web analytics tool used by many websites. Learnings for improving the metrics regarding website identity, research updates, and clinical trials are concluded, which can inform the future design of websites seeking to engage users and provide reliable and accessible science and health information including but not limited to stem cell research and therapies.
The Impact of Production Factor and Costs on Business Income of Red Onion Farming Business as an Icon of Fried Red Onion Production in Sigi District, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Muis Armin , Lutfi Muhtar , Jokolelono Eko , Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih , Rafika Ika , Haprin Nuryana Dj
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine and analyze direct correlation of capital, man power, land size, and also production costs to income of red onion farming business; the impact of capital, man power, and also land size towards cost of red onion farming business; and the impact of capital, man power, land area towards income through the cost of red onion farming business in Sigi District. This research used primary data. Population was red onion farmer from three villages and the sample was deliberately determined considering that three villages are red onion producing areas in this district. Analysis for this research are using a structural equation model. From the analysis showed: (1) Production factors of capital, man power and land size had a direct and influential impact towards income; (2) Concerning the impact from production factor on costs, the capital variable had a positive and influential impact towards costs; man power variable had a positive and influential impact towards costs, and  land size had a positive and influential impact towards costs; (3) In terms of indirect impact, the variables of capital, man power and land size have a positive and influential impact towards income through mediation of red onion farming costs at Sigi District, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.