bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EyeSea: Intelligent 3D offshore field reconstruction for decommissioning operations
Authors: Rocha Pedro , Almeida Catarina , Costa Pedro
Published: June 2023

The Research and Development project “EyeSea - Intelligent 3D offshore field reconstruction for decommissioning operations” aims to bring new scientific knowledge to enable the production and development of new disruptive products related to 3D virtual underwater reconstruction. The proposal case study will be applied to the offshore Oil&Gas industry and has the potential to be scaled-up to other industries, such as offshore renewables and underwater minerals exploitation industries.
The project will enable Ocean Infinity to explore new markets as well as to strengthen its positioning in the Oil&Gas industry through the development of a solution capable of assisting in an imminent challenge for this industry: decommissioning of offshore fields efficiently, safely, and precisely, reducing the risk of environmental negative impacts. To obtain these results we used, from AI techniques, to obtain information from the overlay of the image, to computer vision techniques in 3D, to place the structure in position in the world. With this article we prove that we were able to position the structure in the world through videos and its CAD with an error not exceeding 0.1795 mean distance.
No detection of SARS-CoV-2 in domestic cats exposed to infected owners during the Omicron Wave in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Lopes Luciano Rodrigo , Rigato Paula Ordonhez , Kasinski Silvana , Figueira Liliane Akemi Mizutani , Santos Victor Hugo Vilar Maciel dos , Pina Natalia Carvalho de Lucca , Paiva Paulo Bandiera , Casseb Jorge , Conte Danielle Dias , Bellei Nancy Cristina Junqueira
Published: June 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been demonstrated to infect various mammals, including cats, dogs, and minks. Given the close coexistence of humans and cats, transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variants between these two species has been documented. This study involved the sampling of eight domestic cats that resided solely with their infected owners in Brazil, during the early stage of the Omicron variant wave. Nasal and anal secretion samples obtained from the eight cats were subjected to RT-qPCR analysis, which revealed no detection of SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, serum samples collected from these cats did not show the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The findings of this study indicate that the Omicron variant has a low potential to infect felines, which contributes to the absence of transmission. Therefore, cats do not appear to play a significant role in the transmission chain of SARS-CoV-2.
Research on marginal-restraint mandrel-free spinning of large thin-walled aluminum alloy heads with large bottom reserves
Authors: Zhu Lijun , Huang Cheng , Li Xinhe , Chang Xin , Li Yibo
Published: June 2023

The marginal-restraint mandrel-free spinning method can solve the problem of instability when spin-forming thin-walled head blanks. However, when shear-expansion compound forming is adopted for a large diameter head, the sinking phenomenon that occurs during the expansion spinning stage makes it impossible to accurately form the head. Through finite element simulation, it is found that the smaller the roller fillet radius is, the smaller the feed ratio, and the larger the angle is between passes, the more obvious the sinking phenomenon and the worse the forming accuracy. It is further revealed that the mechanism of the sinking phenomenon is shear deformation in addition to expansion deformation in the expansion spinning stage. To solve the sinking problem, this paper proposes a marginal-restraint mandrel-free spinning method with a large bottom reserve. Research shows that a larger roller fillet radius and more passes can improve the contour accuracy of the head by using the cylindrical roller structure. Finally, it is verified that the new spinning method can achieve accurate forming of large thin-walled aluminum alloy heads with a diameter of 2250 mm and a forming angle of 60°.
Pragmatic clinic-based investigation of echocardiogram parameters in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes in routine clinical practice and its association with suggestive coronary artery disease: A pilot study
Authors: Palma¹ Catia Cristina Silva Sousa Vergara , Lopes² Pablo Moura , Bomfim² Alfredo Souza , Gomes¹ Marilia Brito
Published: June 2023

Background
Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) have cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as a major cause of mortality and morbidity. The primary purpose of the study was to assess the echocardiographic parameters that showed alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM ) with suggestive coronary artery disease (CAD) determined by electrocardiography and the secondary was to assess the relationship of these alterations with established cardiovascular risk factors.
Methods
This cross-sectional, observational pilot study included 152 consecutive patients with T2DM who attended a tertiary diabetes outpatient care center. All patients underwent clinical examination and history, anthropometric measurements, demographic survey, determination of the Framingham global risk score, laboratory evaluation, basal electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, and measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT).
Results
From the overall sample, 134 (88.1%) patients underwent an electrocardiogram. They were divided into two groups: patients with electrocardiograms suggestive of CAD (n = 11 [8,2%]) and those with normal or non-ischemic alterations on electrocardiogram (n = 123 [91,79%]). In the hierarchical multivariable logistic model examining all selected independent factors entered into the model, sex, high triglyceride levels, and presence of diabetic retinopathy were associated with CAD in the final model. No echocardiographic parameters were significant in the multivariate analysis.
Conclusion
Our pilot study demonstrated that no echocardiogram parameters could predict or determine CAD. The combination of CIMT and Framingham risk score is ideal to determine risk factors in asymptomatic patients with T2DM. Patients with diabetic retinopathy and hypertriglyceridemia need further investigation for CAD. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm our results.
Ecological attributes promoting intra-continental range-expansion of a native annual forb triggered by intensified land-use
Authors: Ruprecht Eszter , Essl Franz , Moț Augustin C. , Balaji Beatrix , Kuhn Thomas , Fenesi Annamária , Mardari Constantin , Miholcsa Zsombor
Published: June 2023

Intra-continental range-expansion of native species tracking human-induced environmental changes has become an important phenomenon, and recently has been suggested to be recognized as a distinct biogeographic category, namely neonative. However, it remains difficult to analyze how range-expansions are triggered by certain environmental changes and which biological and ecological species attributes are involved. We compared biological and ecological attributes and the performance in different test environments during the entire life cycle of a range-expanding neonative in Romania, Xeranthemum cylindraceum, with a congeneric resident native, X. annuum, through a series of controlled experiments. Both species proved to share several biological and ecological attributes, e.g. high potential for long-distance dispersal by multiple vectors, biochemical defence against herbivores by means of cyanogenic compounds, and surprisingly, they were found to have similar germination and performance niches throughout the range of climatic environments tested by us. Differences between the two species, a broader climatic and habitat niche, higher germination rate and viability of seeds can give explanation to the successful spread beyond the historical range of X. cylindraceum. However, based on shared biological attributes between the two species, which confer the potential to spread, and the considerably higher seed output found in the case of the resident native, X. annuum is equally prepared to expand its range. With changing climate and persisting human-induced disturbance, in this case intensive grazing by sheep, we may expect the spread of this species after passing the presumed migration lag phase.
Synthesis and Raman Performance Enhancement of Multilayer AuAg Heterostructures with Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Huang Fan , Zhao Zhi-Rui , Feng Jing-Ru , Ma Liang , Ding Si-Jing
Published: June 2023

Significant amplification of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals can be achieved mainly by the electric field enhancement in metal core-shell nanostructures, and the enhanced magnetic field is rarely studied. In this study, our team prepared multi-gap Au/AgAu core-shell hybrid nanostructures by using gold nanocup as the core. The overgrowth processes to grow one, two, and three layers of AgAu hybrid nanoshells can produce Au/AgAu1, Au/AgAu2, and Au/AgAu3 heteronanostructures. The strong plasmon coupling between the core and shell leads to significant electromagnetic field enhancement. Under the synergistic effect of electromagnetic plasmon resonance and plasmon coupling, Au/AgAu core-shell hybrid nanostructures exhibit excellent SERS signals. We also investigate the effect of the interstitial position of the rhodamine B (RhB) molecule on Raman enhancement in Au/AgAu3 heteronanostructures. Our research can provide new ideas for the synthesis of multi-gap Raman signal amplifiers based on magnetic plasmon coupling.
Prognostic Value and Mode Selection of Locoregional Treatment in Stage-IV Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Cui Hanxiao , Ren Xueting , Zhao Xuyan , Dai Luyao , Liu Dandan , Bao Yuanhang , Hu Liqun , Xiao Zhengtao , Ma Xiaobin , Kang Huafeng
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the actual prognostic significance of different LRT (surgery and radiotherapy) modalities for stage-IV BC patients, and construct a competing risk nomogram to make precise predictions of the breast cancer-specific death (BCSD) risk among LRT recipients.
Methods: A total of 9279 eligible stage-IV BC patients from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database were included in this study. Initially, we evaluated the impact of LRT on survival both before and after the propensity score matching (PSM). Then, we used the Cox hazard proportional model and competing risk model to identify the independent prognostic factors for LRT recipients. Based on the screened variables, a comprehensive nomogram was established.
Results: Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated that LRT significantly prolonged overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) (P<0.001). In addition, patients treated with surgery combined with postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) possessed the optimal survival (P<0.001). Regardless of the surgical modalities, primary tumor resection combined with radiotherapy could ameliorate the prognosis (P<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that in patients with T2-T4 stage, PORT had a survival benefit compared with those undergoing surgery combined with preoperative radiotherapy (PRRT) and surgery only. Based on the screened independent prognostic factors, we established a comprehensive nomogram to forecast BCSD in 1-, 2-, and 3-year, which showed robust predictive ability.
Conclusion: PORT was associated with a lower BCSD in stage-IV BC patients. The practical nomogram could provide a precise prediction of BCSD for LRT recipients, which was meaningful for patients’ individualized management.
Human antimicrobial peptide Histatin 1, 3, and its autoproteolytic cleaved peptides target the monkeypox virus surface proteins: molecular modelling and docking studies
Authors: Radhakumar Deeksha SarojiniDevi , Thiyagarajan Sundar , Rajaram Kaushik , Parsanathan Rajesh
Published: June 2023

ContextMonkeypox is a viral zoonotic illness resembling smallpox. It was a national epidemic, primarily in Africa, but the recent outbreak of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) which affected numerous countries, including India. MPXV surface proteins are considered important targets, since these are involved in the virus entry into a host and cell-cell fusion(syncytial formation). Here, we suggest a novel antimicrobial peptide therapy-based method for treating MPXV infection. Anin silicomethod was used to analyze the human antimicrobial peptides Histatin 1, 3, and its autoproteolytic cleaved products (hAMP HIS), which bind to several MPXV surface proteins. Compared to HIS 1 and 3, HIS 5 has higher solubility, estimated half-life, cell permeability, stability, and good docking score. Hence, based on the physicochemical properties of HIS 5, it may be used as a novel potential therapeutic peptide against MPXV. Current study shows hAMP HIS family may effectively target the MPXV. It would be fascinating to conduct more research on the HIS 5 peptide's effects on viral infections in bothin vitroandin vivomodels.MethodsMPXV surface proteins and hAMP HIS localization and 3D structures was predicted by Protter, and trRosetta & c-quark respectively; 3D model refinement and validated carried out using the GalaxyRefine, Errat, Procheck, and Qmean (SwissModel). Further, molecular docking was carried out for MPXV surface proteins with hAMP HIS using HDOCK and Cluspro 2.0. Protein-peptide interactions were analyzed using PdbSum. Finally, physico-chemical property of HIS peptides was carried out using CamSol.
Potential mechanisms of radiation-induced esophageal tissue injury in TUT4 -/- mice
Authors: Ren Huiwen , Fan Zhigang , Sun Zhiqiang , Liu Jun , Fang Mingming , Luo Judong
Published: June 2023

Background
Radiation-induced esophageal injury remains a limitation of radiotherapy for lung and esophageal cancer patients. Esophageal epithelial cells are extremely sensitive to irradiation; nevertheless, factors involved in the radiosensitivity of esophageal epithelial cells are still unknown. Terminal uridyl transferase 4 (TUT4) can modify the sequence of miRNAs, which affects their regulation of miRNA targets and function.
Methods
In this study, we used transcriptome sequencing technology to identify mRNAs that were differentially expressed before and after radiotherapy in esophageal epithelial cells.
Results
We further explored the mRNA expression profiles between wild-type and TUT4 knockout esophageal epithelial tissue. Volcano and heatmap plot unsupervised hierarchical clustering analyses were performed to classify the samples. Enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotations and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways was performed. Annotation of differential genes from metabolism, genetic information processing, environmental information processing, cellular processes and organismal systems human diseases was conducted.
Conclusions
The aberrantly expressed genes were significantly enriched in irradiation-related biological processes, such as lipid metabolic process, fatty acid metabolic process, proteolysis, and metabolic process. Moreover, we explored the distribution of the transcription factor family and its target genes among the differentially expressed genes. In addition, we found that PPAR pathway and the renin-angiotensin pathway might serve as therapeutic targets in TUT4-related radiation-induced esophageal injury.
Investigation and characterization of Aliarcobacter spp. isolated from cattle slaughterhouse in Türkiye
Authors: DISLI Hüseyin Burak , HIZLISOY Harun , GUNGOR Candan , BAREL Mukaddes , DISHAN Adalet , GUNDOG Dursun Alp , AL Serhat , ONMAZ Nurhan ERTAS , YILDIRIM Yeliz , GONULALAN Zafer
Published: June 2023

Aliarcobacter spp. have has been isolated from numerous food products at retail and from animal carcasses and feces at slaughter. The objectives of this study were: i) to isolate Aliarcobacter species (Aliarcobacter butzleri, Aliarcobacter skirrowii, Aliarcobacter cryaerophilus) from different slaughterhouses’ samples, ii) to detect genetic diversity, antibiotic resistance, biofilm ability and putative virulence gene profiles of the isolates. The antibiotic susceptibility to antimicrobials was examined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. A molecular investigation of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors was also conducted using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 22 (14.6%) Aliarcobacter spp. isolates were obtained, with varying levels of antibiotic resistance observed. The genes tetO, tetW, and gyrA were detected in 0%, 31.8%, and 27.2% of the isolates, respectively. All isolates were resistant to ampicillin, rifampin, and erythromycin, while tetracycline was found to be the most effective antibiotic, with 81.8% of the isolates showing susceptibility to it. In terms of virulence factors, all isolates (100%) harbored more than one of the nine putative virulence genes tested, with 18.1% of isolates carrying more than three. Regarding biofilm formation, 7 (31.8%) and 4 (18.1%) isolates were found to form strong and moderate biofilms, respectively, while one (4.5%) isolate was classified as a weak biofilm producer. ERIC-PCR band patterns suggested that the isolated Aliarcobacter spp. from slaughterhouses had different sources of contamination. These findings highlight the potential risk posed by pathogenic and multidrug-resistant Aliarcobacter spp. in food, and the need for control measures throughout the food chain to prevent the spread of these strains. The results indicate that foods of animal origin and cattle slaughterhouses are significant sources of antimicrobial resistant Aliarcobacters.
Anxiety and Depression in Pediatric-Onset Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mofatteh Mohammad , Mashayekhi Mohammad Sadegh , Arfaie Saman , Chen Yimin , Malhotra Armaan K. , Skandalakis Georgios , Alvi Mohammed Ali , Afshari Fardad T. , Meshkat Shakila , Abdulla Ebtesam , Anand Ayush , Liao Xuxing , McIntyre Roger S. , Santaguida Carlo , Weber Michael H. , Fehlings Michael G.
Published: June 2023

Background and aim
Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a debilitating neurological condition with significant long-term consequences on the mental health and wellbeing of affected individuals. We aimed to investigate anxiety and depression in individuals with pediatric-onset TSCI.
Methods
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to December 20th, 2022 following the PRISMA guidelines and studies were included according to the eligibility criteria.
Results
1,013 articles were screened, and 18 studies with 4,234 individuals were included in the final review. 1,613 individuals (38.1%) had paraplegia, whereas 1658 (39.2%) had tetraplegia. 1,831 participants (43.2%) had complete TSCI, whereas 1024 (24.2%) had incomplete TSCI. The most common etiology of TSCI with 1,545 people (36.5%) was motor vehicle accidents. The youngest mean age at the time of injury was 5.92 ± 4.92 years, whereas the oldest was 14.6 ± 2.8 years. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was the most common psychological assessment used in 9 studies (50.0%). Various risk factors, including pain in 4 studies (22.2%), reduced sleep quality, reduced functional independence, illicit drug use, incomplete injury, hospitalization, reduced quality of life, and duration of injury in 2 (11.1%) studies, each, were associated with elevated anxiety and depression.
Conclusions
Different biopsychosocial risk factors contribute to elevated rates of anxiety and depression among individuals with pediatric-onset TSCI. Individuals at risk of developing anxiety and depression should be identified, and targeted support should be provided. Future large-scale studies with long-term follow-up are required to validate and extend these findings.
Computational Approach for Molecular Design of Small Organic Molecules with High Hole Mobilities in Amorphous Phase using Random Forest Technique and Computer Simulation Method
Authors: Nakaguro Keijin , Mitsuta Yuki , Koseki Shiro , Oshiyama Tomohiro , Asada Toshio
Published: June 2023

The molecular design system of small organic molecules was developed to realize high hole mobility in the amorphous phase by using the random forest technique and the computer simulation method. Since there was no accessible datasets of the hole mobilities in the amorphous phase, we have constructed a datasets of experimental hole mobilities for 321 organic molecules with calculated MO energies to utilize machine learning techniques for molecular generation procedures. Random forest (RF) was applied to the machine learning technique using the constructed datasets. The optimized RF with 69 structure-based descriptors exhibited correlation coefficients of 0.885 and 0.764 for the training and testing datasets, respectively. RF confirmed that molecules with two triphenylamine (TPA) and/or carbazole groups are likely to display high hole mobilities according to the topological polar surface area (TPSA). The modified ChemTS to use optimized RF was adapted to design molecules with high hole mobilities. The SC model that uses ab initio molecular orbital (MO) calculations and the Marcus theory was adapted to ensure the predicted mobilities. The generated molecules were verified to have high calculated hole mobility (the order of \({10}^{-2} \text{c}{\text{m}}^{2}/\text{V}\text{s})\) owing to the high transfer integral and low reorganization energy by the successive conduction (SC) model. The datasets and programs used to design molecules in this manuscript were publicity released on GitHub.
Design and Implementation of Twin-manipulator Material Sorting System Based on ResNet18
Authors: Li Lipeng , Liu Jishen , Ding Mei , Yang Lu , Mo Yicong
Published: June 2023

In order to solve the problem of time-consuming, labor-intensive and inefficient traditional packaging and sorting operations, an intelligent sorting system is designed based on machine vision theory and manipulator control technology. This paper introduces the design and implementation strategy of intelligent material sorting system in detail, and expounds the design and implementation of visual processing based on Res Net18 neural network and mechanical arm loading, communication, identification and sorting procedures under the framework of Python. The effectiveness and accuracy of the system are verified based on specific experiments. In the sorting test of four kinds of stacking materials, the recognition time is within 100ms, and the recognition accuracy rate is more than 99%, which meets the system design requirements. During the whole process, the intelligent material sorting system operates smoothly without problems such as holding brake and material dropping, and the sorting and grasping accuracy is high, which meets the requirements of high accuracy and high stability in the sorting field.
Shifting vegetation phenology in eddy covariance data: Methodological challenges and new perspectives
Authors: Panwar Annu , Migliavacca Mirco , Nelson Jacob A. , Cortes Jose , Bastos Ana , Forkel Matthias , Winkler Alexander J.
Published: June 2023

Numerous studies report shifts in vegetation phenology, however, in this regard eddy covariance (EC) data is still not fully exploited despite their continuous high-frequency observations. Moreover, there is no general consensus on optimal methodologies for data smoothing and extracting phenological transition dates (PTDs). Here, we revisit existing methodologies and present new prospects to investigate phenological changes in Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) from EC measurements. First, we present a smoothing technique of GPP time series through the derivative of its smoothed annual cumulative sum. Second, we calculate PTDs and their trends from commonly used threshold method that identifies days with a fixed percentage of the annual maximum GPP. A systematic analysis is performed for various thresholds ranging from 0.1 to 0.7. Lastly, we examine the relation of PTDs trends to trends in GPP across the years on a weekly basis. Results from 47 EC sites with long time series (> 10 years) show that advancing trends in start of season (SOS) are strongest at lower thresholds but for the end of season (EOS) at higher thresholds. Moreover, the trends are variable at different thresholds for individual vegetation types and individual sites, outlining reasonable concerns on using a single threshold value. Relationship of trends in PTDs and weekly GPP reveal association of advanced SOS and delayed EOS to increase in immediate primary productivity, but not to the trends in overall seasonal productivity. Drawing on these analyses, we emphasise on abstaining from subjective choices and investigating relationship of PTDs trend to finer temporal trends of GPP. Our study examines existing methodological challenges and presents approaches that optimize the use of EC data in identifying vegetation phenological changes and their relation to carbon uptake.
A comparison of artificial intelligence approaches in predicting discharge coefficient of streamlined weirs
Authors: Gharehbaghi Amin , Ghasemlounia Redvan , Afaridegan Ehsan , Haghiabi AmirHamzeh , Mandala Vishwanadham , Azamathulla Hazi Mohammad , Parsaie Abbas
Published: June 2023

In the present research, three different data-driven models (DDMs) are developed to predict the discharge coefficient of streamlined weirs (Cdstw). Some machine-learning methods (MLMs) and intelligent optimization models (IOMs) such as Random Forest (RF), Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), and gene expression program (GEP) methods are employed for the prediction of Cdstw. To identify input variables for the prediction of Cdstw by these DMMs, among potential parameters on Cdstw, the most effective ones including geometric features of streamlined weirs, relative eccentricity (λ), downstream slope angle (β), and water head over the crest of the weir (h1) are determined by applying Buckingham π-theorem and cosine amplitude analyses. In this modeling, by changing architectures and fundamental parameters of the aforesaid approaches, many scenarios are defined to obtain ideal estimation results. According to statistical metrics and scatter plot, the GEP model is determined as a superior method to estimate Cdstw with high performance and accuracy. It yields an R2 of 0.97, a Total Grade (TG) of 20, RMSE of 0.032, and MAE of 0.024. Besides, the generated mathematical equation for Cdstw in the best scenario by GEP is likened to the corresponding measured ones and the differences are within 0–10%.
Microbial water quality of pond Alleben (Gaziantep, Turkey) in winter and climatic changes in the region
Authors: Mercimek Takci Hatice Aysun , Karaca Cevher , Sarigullu Onalan Esen , Caktu Guler Kıvılcım
Published: June 2023

This study assessed the microbial quality of water sources in winter by microbiological methods and molecular-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and potential future bacterial loads in the Alleben pond based on the increase in water temperature. Total bacteria, total coliform, and Escherichia coli levels using the qPCR were significantly higher in the water samples than those enumerated by culture-dependent microbiological methods. These results showed that our qPCR approach is suitable to estimate the relative abundances of uncultured and cultured indicator microorganisms affected by the water characteristics. Based on our climate data, the daily average rate of 1.8 °C/increase associated with air temperature for the pond was recorded. As a result of the warming of the water surface, temperature thresholds in winter may breach and, thus, the physicochemical and biological properties of the pond may change by increasing bacterial growth rates. This study is the first analysis to apply combined climate change with molecular approaches to better understand how bacterial concentrations in aquatic environments may change in the future based on air temperature variations for the Gaziantep region. This analysis indicates developing surface water treatment measures and climate adaptation strategies that may reduce bacterial contamination in the Alleben pond.
Effects of electrochemical intervention on the remediation of black-odorous water: insights into microbial community dynamics and functional shifts in sediments
Authors: Shi Yingying , Wei Zhipeng , Xu Yaofei , Lu Xiang , Ruan Aidong
Published: June 2023

Black-odorous water is a severe environmental issue that has received continuous attention. The major purpose of the present study was to propose an economical, practical, and pollution-free treatment technology. In this study, the in situ remediation of black-odorous water was conducted by applying different voltages (2.5, 5, and 10 V) to improve oxidation conditions of the surface sediments. The study investigated the effects of voltage intervention on water quality, gas emissions, and microbial community dynamics in surface sediments during the remediation process. The results indicated that the voltage intervention can effectively increase the oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) of the surface sediments and inhibit the emissions of H2S, NH3, and CH4. Moreover, the relative abundances of typical methanogens (Methanosarcina and Methanolobus) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovirga) decreased because of the increase in ORP after the voltage treatment. The microbial functions predicted by FAPROTAX also demonstrated the inhibition of methanogenesis and sulfate reduction functions. On the contrary, the total relative abundances of chemoheterotrophic microorganisms (e.g., Dechloromonas, Azospira, Azospirillum, and Pannonibacter) in the surface sediments increased significantly, which led to enhanced biochemical degradability of the black-odorous sediments as well as CO2 emissions.
Anticancer, Antidiabetic and Antimicrobial Activity Study of Biologically
Active Vanadium(IV) Mixed Ligand Complexes
Authors: Gayakwad Sonaji Vishwanath , Wankhede Dnyaneshwar Shamrao , Ragole Vikas Dattarao , Wanale Shivraj Gangadhar , Dake Satish Ashruba , Maulage Satish Bapurao
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Cancer and diabetes are proving to be lethal to human society and have attracted attention of researchers around the world. Synthesis of mixed ligand complexes is a challeng-ing area owing to their potential applications as drugs against various diseases.

Methods:

Synthesis and biological evaluation of mixed ligand complexes of Vanadium(IV) with hetero-cyclic bidentate molecule 8-hydroxyquinoline as primary ligand and L-Amino acids such as L-cysteine, L-alanine, L-phenylalanine, L-threonine and L-serine as secondary ligands is reported here. All the complexes were characterized using IR, electronic, Mass, TGA/DTA method, powder XRD analysis, molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements and were screened for their biological activities.

Results:

The synthesized mixed ligand complexes were screened for their antibacterial activity against E. coli and antifungal activity against C. albicans. They were also evaluated for in vitro antidibetic ac-tivity, anticancer activity against HepG2 (human liver cancer cell line) by MTT assay.

Conclusion:

The synthesized mixed ligand complexes were thermally stable, paramagnetic, non-electrolytic in nature and proposed to have square pyramidal geometry. They also exhibited potential as antibacterial, anticancer and antidibetic agents.
Characterization Techniques for Graphene-Based Materials
Authors: Singh Vickramjeet , Gardas Ramesh L.
Published: June 2023

Graphene bearing 2D (dimensional) layer of carbon atoms bonded in sp2
hybridized state are only 1 atomic-scale thick. However, the graphene can be extended
along the horizontal dimension. The alternate double bonds leading to perfect
conjugation with sp2
hybridization are exhibited in the hexagonal structure
(honeycomb) of graphene. Theoretically and experimentally, the thicknesses of
graphene have been determined and are in the nano-meter range. The extraordinary
mechanical and electrical properties exhibited by such a 2D material have inspired
scientists for device fabrication methodologies that can shift the synthesis from lab
scale to large scale. It is considered the strongest material on earth, almost 100
times stronger (i.e., strength) than the best steel. Since graphene is only 1 atomic-scale
thick and transparent, the characterization of graphene is complex but essential. The
thickness down to one atomic layer in graphene can be identified by the light
interference causing color contrast. Thus, optical microscopy-based methods enable the
identification of graphene or its derivatives; on the other hand, Raman spectroscopy,
which is sensitive to molecular bonding and geometric structure, is commonly
employed for the quality determination of graphene-based materials. In this chapter,
various characterization techniques are discussed, enabling the characterization of
graphene and graphene-based materials (GBMs). 
Functionalization of Graphene and Factors Affecting Catalytic Performance
Authors: Avashthi Gopal , Singh Man
Published: June 2023

Carbon and its driven materials have been a foundation of living and non living systems for centuries due to their amazing experimental expressions in light,
temperature, pressure, and pH. Being light-weighted and electronically active with
equal energy partitioning in its four orbitals (2s1
2px1
2py1
2pz1
), the C atoms have been
at the core of natural sciences, providing valuable resources like high-grade wood,
cotton, and many others. Thus, carbon-driven materials like diamond, graphite, and
graphene ink have been attracting the attention of scientists, researchers, and industries.
The chapter reviews recent chemical methodologies for the synthesis and structural
investigation of graphene and its derivatives by various analytical techniques that
provide information about basic knowledge to understand the role of graphene and
graphene-based composites in various qualitative and quantitative applications. Here,
several methods have been enlisted for the surface alteration of graphene oxide by a
synthetic approach, such as ultrasound, a microwave-assisted synthesis that avoids the
use of hazardous chemicals. Also, conventional methods have been discussed,
including various types of reactions, such as nucleophilic, electrophilic, condensation,
and cycloaddition. This review article highlights the key points to understanding the 2D
carbon material for researchers and users to learn about the chemical modification of
graphene at the initial stage. This write-up also discusses a brief explanation of various
carbon nanomaterials that concern graphene and its oxide forms. We have explained
the synthetic value of 2D carbon materials so that it covers a lot of the needs of
researchers for synthetic aspects in graphene and allied fields of interest. Currently,
such unique experiments are noted as milestones in the field of material synthesis for
various applications. So, a review of chemically altered graphene materials reinforced
with structural multi-functionalities is highly informative as a ready reckoner for
needed information and understanding
Advances in Pulmonary Nanopharmacology
Authors: Khezri Khadijeh , Maleki Dizaj Solmaz , Shahi Shahriar
Published: June 2023

The field of nanotechnology has revealed unique aptitudes in the
manufacture of novel and effective drugs/delivery systems for pulmonary diseases.
This knowledge bargains numerous profits in the treatment of chronic human
pulmonary diseases with targeted drugs/delivery systems. In recent years, numerous
approaches have been reported to transport drugs to the lungs. Delivery of the
drugs/delivery systems over the pulmonary way can be prescribed in two ways: oral
inhalation and intranasal administration. In nanomaterial-based aerosol inhalation
systems, drug delivery to the lungs can be accomplished by repeated high-dose
inhalation. New tools deal with major clinical profits to increase the efficiency of
pulmonary drug delivery and target specific areas of the lung. Factors such as size
distribution, surface charge, quantitative analysis of lipid composition, drug loading
rate, and formulation stability are vital in nanomaterials-based nanopharmacology. The
alteration from in vitro phase to the clinical stage and production step for nanomaterials
is a multipart action with requirements to overcome various limitations. In the present
chapter, we focus on new progress in pulmonary nanopharmacology and the supporting
approaches for designing new nanomaterials for this arena. Some patents have been
gathered about this topic as well. The future viewpoints have also been discoursed. 
Advances in Nanopharmacology: Cancer Treatment
Authors: Montazersaheb Soheila , Farahzadi Raheleh , Farjami Afsaneh
Published: June 2023

Nanotechnology has attracted considerable attention in the biomedical field, especially in cancer therapy. Nanomedicines are superior to current approaches in cancer treatment due to their unique properties and advantages. Along this line, nanotechnology-based therapeutics can offer greater effectiveness with minimal or no side effects. In other words, the inherent limitations of conventional cancer therapies have led to the development of more effective and safer treatments. In this regard, a variety of nanocarriers have been developed for cancer treatment with high specificity, selectivity, biocompatibility, multi-functionality, and precise sustained-release properties. The focus of this book chapter is therefore on several advancements in nano-based approaches and the potential applications of nanomedicines for hematological malignancies and solid tumors with the hope of developing a robust and efficient nanotherapeutic modality.
Advances in Nanopharmacology: Focus on Reproduction, Endocrinology, Developmental Alterations, and Next Generational Effects
Authors: Mehdi Ommati Mohammad , Retana-Márquez Socorro , Najibi Asma , Heidari Reza
Published: June 2023

To date, the application of a wide range of nanostructured materials
(NSMs), such as carbon nanotubes, silica compounds, metallic nanoparticles,
nanovesicles (liposomes and exosomes), nanohydrogels (NHGs), nanohydroxyapatite
(NHAPs), chitosans, and graphenes, has gained interest for various applications in
biomedical sciences. These nanoparticles presented outstanding biological and
mechanical features. Although the biocompatibility of NSMs is highly investigated,
their interaction with the reproductive system is less exploited. On the other hand,
recently, NSMs-mediated drug delivery presents a competent method in reproduction
biology. Emerging evidence from the literature supports the considerable progress in
nanopharmacology, which has transformed the theory of targeted biological delivery,
permitting the engineering of complex biocompatible organic/inorganic platforms with
a vast loading capacity, highly selective affinity, stability, and capacity for multiple,
simultaneous usages; all within the nanometer scale. In this chapter, first, the potential
application of NSMs in the field of reproduction is highlighted. Then, the possible
effects of these materials on reproduction, endocrinology, developmental alterations,
and next-generation impact will be discussed. The data presented in this chapter could
provide insight into the effect of NSMs on the reproductive system and development
and lead to better risk assessment of these materials or synthesis of safe nano-drug
delivery systems to the reproductive organs.
Advances in Dentistry Nanopharmacology
Authors: Sharifi Simin , Alipour Mahdieh , Abedi Atefeh , Rahbar Saadat Yalda , Dizaj Solmaz Maleki
Published: June 2023

Nanotechnology has been widely used in medicine to improve the
therapeutic results of various diseases. Much effort has been focused on developing
new nanoparticles and determining the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles in
relation to their biological fate and performance. Today, nanotechnology has been able
to offer effective treatments for use in dentistry. However, in the design and evaluation
of these nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems in dentistry, less attention has
been paid to the pharmacology of delivered drugs and their pathophysiology. In this
chapter, we discuss some recent advances in nanotechnology for drug delivery in
dentistry for demineralization, osseointegration of dental implants, the treatment of oral
cancer, pain management of dental pulp, and the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial
formulations as well as the role of nanopharmacology in preventive dentistry.
Vaccination Hesitancy and Adaptation with Particular Emphasis on Women
Authors: Khan Tahmeena , Lawrence Alfred J. , Nascimento Amos , Srivastava Rohan
Published: June 2023

The novel beta-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) emerged in 2019 in
Wuhan from bats and later caused inter-human transmission. India is one of the worst hit countries, where two million casualties have taken place during the second wave of
the pandemic. The year 2021 witnessed the more deadly form of the virus. At the same
time, there was remarkable progress in vaccine development resulting in the approval
of a few vaccines by the governments. The process of COVID-19 vaccination has
kickstarted in many countries. The general attitude towards acceptance of the vaccine
has been reported in countries like the USA and Jordan. Very few studies have reported
the understanding and hesitation regarding the vaccination among the Indian
population, and the present study is an attempt to highlight the general mindset,
acceptance, misconceptions and awareness regarding the COVID-19 vaccination from
the Indian perspective. Being one of the worst-hit countries in terms of COVID-19, it is
important to identify the barriers holding the Indian population back from getting
vaccinated. This study was done as a questionnaire survey aimed at knowing the
general apprehension, and thoughts of the public regarding the vaccination with 308
respondents, precisely of Indian origin. 58.8% (n=181) respondents were non vaccinated. 45.2% (n=95) respondents reported that their respective employers made
vaccination compulsory. 51.5% (n=120) felt that the vaccine is 60-80% safe. The
results may be used by the public health authorities to identify the priority group and
the barriers holding people back from vaccination. 
Computational Drug Discovery Against COVID-19
Authors: Modanwal Shristi , Mulpuru Viswajit , Mishra Nidhi
Published: June 2023

The global spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2), which causes the disease COVID-19, has increased drastically since
the first cases in Wuhan, People's Republic of China, at the end of 2019. There is no
single drug that can be used specifically to treat COVID. The crucial stage in the drug
development process is screening huge libraries of bioactive molecules against a
biological target, usually a receptor or a protein. Virtual Screening (VS) has become a
valuable tool in the drug development process as it allows for efficient in silico
searches of millions of compounds, resulting in higher yields of possible therapeutic
leads, and is cost-effective. The spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus presents a major
threat to world health and has resulted in a global crisis because of the high mortality
rate and absence of clinically authorised treatments and vaccines for COVID-19.
Finding effective drugs or repurposing available antiviral drugs is a critical need in the
fight against COVID-19. VS can be classified as either Structural-Based Virtual
Screening or Ligand-Based Virtual Screening. VS techniques have been widely applied
in the field of antiviral drug design and have aided in the identification of new
compounds as possible anti-viral drugs. Both LBVS and SBVS approaches have
proved extremely helpful in identifying several prospective anti-viral drugs with
nanomolar range. VS, in contrast to experimental approaches, is quick and cost-effective on the one side but has low prediction accuracy on the other.
Methods in Drug Repurposing: Emphasis on COVID-19
Authors: Kumar Maurya Akhilesh , Mishra Nidhi
Published: June 2023

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a pandemic situation caused by the
SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), and dedicated
medical research finding to cure the disease are rapidly evolving globally. SARS-Co-
-2 is a highly mutating virus having various strains, till the reporting of this study,
COVID-19 has 5 variants, i.e., Alfa, beta, gamma, delta, and omicron. A potential way
for drug development is drug repurposing has got a lot of attention. Drug repurposing is
the easiest and safest way to find out the drugs to cure COVID-19. Various new drugs
have been discovered and are under clinical trial for the treatment of disease.
Combinatorial treatments of COVID-19 patients give a very positive response in the
treatment of SARS-CoV-2. The various vaccine already has been developed to produce
antibodies against COVID-19. However, a large number of research studies have been
done on COVID-19. This study is dedicated to research on COVID-19 therapy by the
repurposing of existing drugs and methods used for the drug repurposing.
Studi Inovasi Strategi Kebijakan Percepatan Pencapaian Swasembada Kedelai Indonesia Tahun 2035
Authors: Hulu Artinus
Published: June 2023

Kedelai merupakan sumber utama protein nabati yang banyak digemari masyarakat Indonesia. Tingginya laju konsumsi dan kebutuhan kedelai tanpa dibarengi peningkatan produksi, membuat pemerintah Indonesia selalu mengimpor kedelai. Kebijakan impor harus menjadi perhatian khusus untuk menekan kenaikan harga dan membuat laju ekonomi mikro tumbuh dengan baik. Melalui tantangan tersebut, perlu disusun rekomendasi kebijakan dan langkah strategi percepatan pemenuhan pasokan kedelai dalam negeri untuk tercapainya swasembada. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan kajian pustaka dari berbagai literatur dan sumber data pemerintah terkait. Rekomendasi pengambilan kebijakan menggunakan incremental theory. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa swasembada kedelai bisa terwujud, apabila dilakukan penataan jangka panjang beberapa hal yaitu perluasan areal dan peningkatan produksi, subsidi harga kedelai, regulasi impor dan penetapan tarif impor kedelai yang adil, pengembangan subsistem jabalsim kedelai dengan inovasi, pengendalian laju jumlah penduduk, dan improvisasi inovasi teknologi kedelai dengan teknologi mekanis tepat guna yang mutakhir. Langkah rekomendasi kebijakan dengan penetapan tarif impor menggunakan sistem buka tutup mengikuti kondisi produksi dalam negeri, pembentukan tim-tim analisis kecil yang mengamati, mendampingi dan terjun langsung pada sub bagian masalah kedelai, sinergisitas dan keserasian produk hukum di pemerintah pusat yang terkait dengan tarif impor sesuai standar WTO dan penetapan harga subsidi yang rigid di bawah harga impor. BULOG perlu mengatur tata niaga dengan inovasi pelayanan publik digital berbasis E-Agriculture Goverment. Selain itu, pemerintah perlu menggandeng pihak swasta untuk meningkatkan produksi dalam negeri, pemberian perlindungan jaminan sosial-kesehatan dan asuransi panen pada petani kedelai serta pendampingan penerapan smartfarming agriculture untuk mengantisipasi tantangan climate change dan konflik global.
Radicalization of Airspace Security: Prospects and Botheration of Drone Defense System Technology
Authors: Ajakwe Simeon , Kim Dong Seong , Lee Jae-Min
Published: June 2023

The development of a comprehensive and decisive drone defense integrated control system that can provide maximum security is crucial for maintaining territorial integrity and accelerating smart aerial mobility to sustain the emerging drone transportation system (DTS) for priority-based logistics and mobile communication. This study explores recent developments in the design of robust drone defense control systems that can observe and respond not only to drone attacks inside and outside a facility but also to equipment data such as CCTV security control on the ground and security sensors in the facility at a glance. Also, it considered DDS strategies, schema, and innovative security setups in different regions. Finally, open research issues in DDs designs are discussed, and useful recommendations are provided. Effective means for drone source authentication, delivery package verification, operator authorization, and dynamic scenario-specific engagement are solicited for comprehensive DDS design for maximum security
Received: 2023-03-07
Revised: 2023-04-27