bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Silver Nanoparticle Addition on Micropropagation of Apricot Cultivars (Prunus armeniaca L.) in Semisolid and Liquid Media
Authors: Pérez-Caselles Cristian , Burgos Lorenzo , Sánchez-Balibrea Inmaculada , Egea Jose A. , Faize Lydia , Martín-Valmaseda Marina , Bogdanchikova Nina , Pestryakov Alexey , Alburquerque Nuria
Published: April 2023

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are novel compounds used as antimicrobial and antiviral agents. In addition, AgNPs have been used to improve the growth of different plants, as well as the in vitro multiplication of plant material. In this work the effect of AgNPs on in vitro growth of ‘Canino’ and ‘Mirlo Rojo’ cultivars, as well as the leaf ion composition, are studied. Different concentrations of AgNPs (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg L−1) were added to two culture systems: semisolid medium with agar (SSM) in jars and liquid medium in temporary immersion system (TIS). Proliferation (number of shoots), shoot length, productivity (number of shoot × average length), leaf surface, fresh and dry weight were measured. Additionally, the silver and other ion accumulation in the leaves were evaluated by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis. The productivity of ‘Canino’ and ‘Mirlo Rojo’ decreased when increasing the concentration of AgNPs in the semisolid medium. However, the use of AgNPs in the TIS improved the proliferation and productivity of ‘Canino’ and Mirlo Rojo’, increasing biomass production, and the concentration of nutrients in the plants, although these effects are genotype-dependent. TISs are the best system for introducing silver into shoots, the optimum concentration being 50 mg L−1 for ‘Canino’ and 75 mg L−1 for ‘Mirlo Rojo’. Principal component analysis, considering all the analyzed ions along the treatments, separates samples in two clear groups related to the culture system used. The use of bioreactors with a liquid medium has improved the productivity of ‘Canino’ and ‘Mirlo Rojo’ in the proliferation stage, avoiding hyperhydration and other disorders. The amount of metallic silver that penetrates apricot plant tissues depends on the culture system, cultivar and concentration of AgNPs added to the culture medium. Silver ion accumulation measured in the shoots grown in the TIS was higher than in shoots micropropagated in a semisolid medium, where it is barely detectable. Furthermore, AgNPs had a beneficial effect on plants grown in TIS. However, AgNPs had a detrimental effect when added to a semisolid medium.
Effect of Reproductive Stage-Waterlogging on the Growth and Yield of Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
Authors: Somaddar Uzzal , Mia Shamim , Khalil Md. Ibrahim , Sarker Uttam Kumer , Uddin Md. Romij , Kaysar Md. Salahuddin , Chaki Apurbo Kumar , Robin Arif Hasan Khan , Hashem Abeer , Abd_Allah Elsayed Fathi , Ha Chien Van , Gupta Aarti , Park Jong-In , Tran Lam-Son Phan , Saha Gopal
Published: April 2023

The reproductive stage of cotton (Gossypium sp.) is highly sensitive to waterlogging. The identification of potential elite upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cultivar(s) having higher waterlogging tolerance is crucial to expanding cotton cultivation in the low-lying areas. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of waterlogging on the reproductive development of four elite upland cotton cultivars, namely, Rupali-1, CB-12, CB-13, and DM-3, against four waterlogging durations (e.g., 0, 3, 6, and 9-day). Waterlogging stress significantly impacted morpho-physiological, biochemical, and yield attributes of cotton. Two cotton cultivars, e.g., CB-12 and Rupali-1, showed the lowest reduction in plant height (6 and 9%, respectively) and boll weight (8 and 5%, respectively) at the highest waterlogging duration of 9 days. Physiological and biochemical data revealed that higher leaf chlorophyll, proline, and relative water contents, and lower malondialdehyde contents, particularly in CB-12 and Rupali-1, were positively correlated with yield. Notably, CB-12 and Rupali-1 had higher seed cotton weight (90.34 and 83.10 g, respectively), lint weight (40.12 and 39.32 g, respectively), and seed weight (49.47 and 43.78 g, respectively) per plant than CB-13 and DM-3 in response to the highest duration of waterlogging of 9 days. Moreover, extensive multivariate analyses like Spearman correlation and the principle component analysis revealed that CB-12 and Rupali-1 had greater coefficients in yield and physiological attributes at 9-day waterlogging, whereas CB-13 and DM-3 were sensitive cultivars in response to the same levels of waterlogging. Thus, CB-12 and Rupali-1 might be well adapted to the low-lying waterlogging-prone areas for high and sustained yield.
Shade-Induced Leaf Senescence in Plants
Authors: Li Zhuang , Zhao Tao , Liu Jun , Li Hongyu , Liu Bin
Published: April 2023

Leaf senescence is a vital developmental process that involves the orderly breakdown of macromolecules to transfer nutrients from mature leaves to emerging and reproductive organs. This process is essential for a plant’s overall fitness. Multiple internal and external factors, such as leaf age, plant hormones, stresses, and light environment, regulate the onset and progression of leaf senescence. When plants grow close to each other or are shaded, it results in significant alterations in light quantity and quality, such as a decrease in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), a drop in red/far-red light ratios, and a reduction in blue light fluence rate, which triggers premature leaf senescence. Recently, studies have identified various components involved in light, phytohormone, and other signaling pathways that regulate the leaf senescence process in response to shade. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms that control leaf senescence induced by shade.
Addressing the Relationship between Leaf Nitrogen and Carbon Isotope Discrimination from the Three Levels of Community, Population and Individual
Authors: Wang Shuhan , Han Yaowen , Jia Yufu , Chen Zixun , Wang Guoan
Published: April 2023

The carbon, nitrogen and water cycles of terrestrial ecosystems are important biogeochemical cycles. Addressing the relationship of leaf nitrogen (N) and carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) will enhance the understanding of the links between these three cycles in plant leaves because Δ can reflect time-integrated leaf-level water-use efficiency (WUE) over the period when the leaf material is produced. Previous studies have paid considerable attention to the relationship. However, these studies have not effectively eliminated the interference of environmental factors, inter-species, and inter-individual differences in this relationship, so new research is necessary. To minimize these interferences, the present work explored the relationship at the three levels of community, population, and plant individual. Three patterns of positive, negative and no relationship were observed across communities, populations, and individuals, which is dependent on environmental conditions, species, and plant individuals. The results strongly suggested that there is no general pattern for the relationship between leaf N and Δ. Furthermore, the results indicated that there is often no coupling between leaf-level long-term WUE and leaf N in the metabolic process of carbon, N and water in leaves. The main reason for the lack of this relationship is that most plants do not invest large amounts of nitrogen into photosynthesis. In addition, the present study also observed that, for most plant species, leaf N was not related to photosynthetic rate, and that variations in photosynthetic rates are mainly driven by stomatal conductance.
Nitrogen Application Can Be Reduced without Affecting Carotenoid Content, Maturation, Shelf Life and Yield of Greenhouse Tomatoes
Authors: Chormova Dimitra , Kavvadias Victor , Okello Edward , Shiel Robert , Brandt Kirsten
Published: April 2023

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) of the variety Elpida were grown under standard Mediterranean greenhouse conditions during the spring season at three different nitrogen levels (low 6.4, standard 12.8, high 25.9 mM/plant), which were replicated during two consecutive years. Application of high nitrogen significantly increased the colour index a* (p < 0.001) but did not significantly affect yield or quality. The variety exhibited prolonged postharvest storage at room temperature (median survival time of 93 days). The maturation process was delayed by harvest at the breaker stage (2.5 days, p ≤ 0.001) or by super-optimal temperatures in the second year of experimentation (10 days, p ≤ 0.001). The colour indices L* and a* and the hue angle (a/b*) were positively correlated with the sum of total carotenoids, while differences in b* depended on the year of cultivation. The sustainability of this type of tomato production can be improved by reducing the nitrogen supply to less than the current standard practice, with minimal risk or negative effects on yield and quality of tomatoes.
Effect of Changing Belt Tension on Machining Surface of CNC Lathe Spindle
Authors: Kang Il-Seok , Lee Tae-Ho
Published: April 2023

Computer numerical control (CNC) lathes are optimized for machining workpieces into rotating shafts or cylindrical shapes of structures. However, because rotating mechanical parts are used on CNC lathes, vibration from spindles, servomotors, hydraulic pumps, and feed screws occurs. Therefore, periodic preventive maintenance is required to minimize vibrations. Additionally, alignment, balance, and adjustment operations are necessary for parts that perform linear or rotational movements. Thus, this study adjusts the tension of the V-belt that drives the spindle of the CNC lathe, analyzes the primary components and the vibrations occurring at the spindle and servomotor, and measures the surface roughness to identify the cutting quality according to the impact of the belt tension. The experimental results show that the peak value of the vibrating component increases as the cutting speed increases. We demonstrate that the optimal vibration characteristics and excellent surface roughness values are achieved at a relatively looser belt tension than the standard value. In particular, at a feed speed of 0.05 mm/rev, a cutting speed of 250 m/min, and a depth of cut of 0.8, the surface roughness in loose tension was reduced by up to 143.9% compared to tight tension. Additionally, the optimum processing quality is achieved at a cutting depth of 0.6 and 0.8 mm, corresponding to a turning insert nose R-value of 0.4 mm, and at cutting speeds ranging from 200 to 250 m/min.
Treatment of Motor Oil-Contaminated Soil with Green Surfactant Using a Mobile Remediation System
Authors: Silva Israel Gonçalves Sales da , Pappalardo Juliano Rodrigues , Rocha e Silva Nathália Maria Padilha da , Converti Attilio , Almeida Fabíola Carolina Gomes de , Sarubbo Leonie Asfora
Published: April 2023

Leak of fuels and lubricants occurring during exploration, distribution, refining and storage operations is the major cause of environmental pollution due to petroderivatives dispersion. The quick use of a series of physicochemical and biological techniques is needed to drastically reduce the magnitude of damage provoked by these pollutants. Among them, soil washing proved to be an effective alternative to the remediation of hydrocarbon-polluted sites, mainly if combined with surfactant utilization. However, the direct use of surfactants can lead to problems related to the toxicity and dispersion of the resulting by-products, as the majority of marketed surfactants are produced from oil derivatives. In this context, green surfactants appear as a promising alternative to their synthetic counterpart. In the present study, two green surfactants, i.e., a chemically synthesized biobased surfactant and a Starmerella bombicola biosurfactant, were applied in soil decontamination tests using a concrete mixer-type Mobile Soil Remediation System (MSRS). The system was designed and developed with 3D printing based on bench-scale results. A commercial biosurfactant was formulated based on the microbial surfactant, which was compared with the biobased surfactant in various experimental conditions. A set of factorial designs combined with Response Surface Methodology was used to select the optimal conditions for pollutant removal using the prototype. The following variables were tested: Surfactant type, Surfactant volume, Surfactant dilution, Contaminant concentration, Soil type, Soil mass, Washing duration, Tank tilt angle, Mixing speed, and Type of basket. Under the optimized experimental condition, the commercial biosurfactant allowed to remove 92.4% of the motor oil adsorbed in the sand. These results demonstrate the possibility of using natural surfactants and the development of novel mechanical technologies to degrade hydrocarbons with economic earnings for oil industry.
Physical and Mechanical Behaviors of Compacted Soils under Hydraulic Loading of Wetting–Drying Cycles
Authors: Ma Chuanyi , Li Jinglei , Jiao Fangfang , Liu Yiyi , Feng Haojie , Wang Kai , Jiang Hongguang , Jiang Chao , Li Yixin , Geng Xueyu
Published: April 2023

Exposed geo−infrastructures filled with compacted soils experience cyclic wetting–drying effects due to environment and underground water fluctuations. Soil physical and mechanical behaviors are prone to deterioration to a great extent, e.g., swelling, collapse, or even slope failure, resulting in huge losses to human life, safety, and engineering construction. In this paper, hydraulic loading tests of wetting–drying cycles were carried out on compacted fine soil via a one−dimensional pressure plate apparatus equipped with bender elements. The influences of wetting–drying paths on the soil characteristics of moisture content, void ratio and shear modulus were obtained and analyzed. Results showed that cyclic wetting–drying effects weakened the soil’s water retention capacity. It was observed that it was harder for pore water to approach saturation at a lower matric suction level and to be expelled at a higher matric suction level. Typical swelling and shrinkage deformations occurred during the hydraulic loading processes, and volume expansion was generated after the drying–wetting cycles at a given value of matric suction, which deteriorated the densely compacted soils to a relatively looser state. Then, a unified soil–water characteristic surface was proposed to describe the unique relationships of moisture content, void ratio, and matric suction. Moreover, the small−strain shear modulus of the soil, in terms of shear wave velocity, was reduced by 32.2–35.5% and 13.8–25.8% at the same degree of saturation during the first and second wetting paths, respectively. Therefore, the volume expansion and modulus degradation resulting from the wetting–drying cycles should attract particular attention to avoid further distresses in the practical engineering.
A Square Wave Alternating Current Preheating with High Applicability and Effectiveness of Preventing Lithium Plating
Authors: Liu Guanlin , Zhang Zeping , Gong Jinke , Li Qiong , Zhou Yun , Zou Hongfu
Published: April 2023

Alternating current preheating (ACP) of lithium-ion batteries has the advantage of a high heating rate while inhibiting lithium plating. Two strategies based on terminal voltage control and full battery impedance control were proposed to simplify the ACP implementation. However, such strategies either severely compromise the preheating rate or induce non-negligible lithium plating. To maximize the preheating rate while ensuring no lithium plating, an ACP method based on anode potential control is developed using a square wave alternating current. The operation boundaries of lithium plating prevention, in terms of frequency and maximum permissible current amplitude, are determined using the anode potential and impedance. Their effectiveness in preventing lithium plating is validated by repeating 800 cycles of preheating. By applying the operation boundaries, a temperature-adaptive preheating is found to be able to speed up the preheating rate with higher frequency, smaller temperature intervals and better thermal insulation. When the battery is preheated at a frequency of 400 Hz, with a temperature interval of 5 °C and a heat transfer coefficient of 5 Wm−2 K−1, the preheating rate can reach 6.61 °C/min, exceeding the method based on the terminal voltage control by 5.4%, and larger than that based on the full battery impedance control strategy by 41.8%.
A Novel Ultra Local Based-Fuzzy PIDF Controller for Frequency Regulation of a Hybrid Microgrid System with High Renewable Energy Penetration and Storage Devices
Authors: Yakout Ahmed H. , AboRas Kareem M. , Kotb Hossam , Alharbi Mohammed , Shouran Mokhtar , Abdul Samad Bdereddin
Published: April 2023

A new ultra-local control (ULC) model and two marine predator algorithm (MPA)-based controllers; MPA-based proportional-integral-derivative with filter (PIDF) and MPA-based Fuzzy PIDF (FPIDF) controllers; are combined to enhance the frequency response of a hybrid microgrid system. The input scaling factors, boundaries of membership functions, and gains of the FPIDF con-troller are all optimized using the MPA. In order to further enhance the frequency response, the alpha parameter of the proposed ULC model is optimized using MPA. The performance of the pro-posed controller is evaluated in the microgrid system with different renewable energy sources and energy storage devices. Furthermore, a comparison of the proposed MPA-based ULC-PIDF and ULC-FPIDF controllers against the previously designed controllers is presented. Moreover, a vari-ety of scenarios are studied to determine the proposed controller’s sensitivity and robustness to changes in wind speed, step loads, solar irradiance, and system parameter changes. The results of time-domain simulations performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK are shown. Finally, the results demonstrate that under all examined conditions, the new ULC-based controllers tend to further enhance the hybrid microgrid system’s frequency time response.
An Investigation into the Metabolic Differences between Conventional and High Seeding Density Fed-Batch Cell Cultures by Applying a Segmented Modeling Approach
Authors: Krumm Teresa Laura , Ehsani Alireza , Schaub Jochen , Stiefel Fabian
Published: April 2023

The conventional fed-batch process characterized by a low titer currently challenges pharmaceutical development. Process optimization by applying a perfusion process in the pre-stage and subsequent production phase at a high seeding density (HSD) can meet this challenge. In this study, we employed a simplified approach based on measured experiments, namely segmented modeling, to systematically analyze an HSD fed-batch process compared to a standard process. A comparison indicated that the metabolic phases of HSD processes are not only shifted in time, but metabolite trends show an altered metabolism. In an extended study, we integrated the intracellular fluxes determined by a metabolic flux analysis into the segmented modeling approach. Compared to using only extracellular rates, similar phases are identified, and this highlights the reliability of phase identification modeling using extracellular rates only. Furthermore, the segmented linear regression approach is used to create a model that describes cellular behavior and that can be used to predict potential improvements in the feeding strategy and in harvest viability. Here, overfeeding was eliminated and a significantly higher titer was achieved. This work provides insights into the overall metabolic changes in the HSD process and paves the way towards the optimization of the feeding regime.
Mixed Seeds of Oat and Vetch Based on DEM-Fluent Coupling Motion Simulation in a Venturi Tube
Authors: Liao Yangyang , You Yong , Hui Yunting , Zhang Xuening , Wang Decheng
Published: April 2023

The gas–solid flow of mixed seeds of oat and vetch in the air-blowing venturi tube was simulated numerically by means of a coupling approach of the discrete element method (DEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In the gas–solid coupling model, EDEM software was used to depict the discrete particle phase, and ANSYS Fluent software was used to describe the continuous gas phase. The effects of the seed entry angle and inlet air velocity on the uniformity of mixed seed supply were studied and analyzed from the angle of airflow field variation and mixed seeds movement characteristics. The simulation results showed that the seeding angle has a great influence on the seed movement in the tube and affects the pressure and velocity gradient of the airflow field. If the seed insertion angle is too large, the number of collisions between the seed and the tube wall will increase, and the phenomenon of seeds retention and disordered jumping will occur. The inlet air velocity mainly affects the outlet air velocity and seed velocity and has little effect on the change in airfield. With the increase in inlet air velocity, the greater the velocity and force of the seeds, the closer the mixed seeds collide with the wall to the outlet pipe. At high inlet airflow velocity, there is a great disparity in the movement speed between the seeds, resulting in uneven spacing between the seeds. The results showed that under the conditions of 60° seed entry angle and 35~40 m/s inlet air velocity, the airflow field distribution in the tube was uniform and the seed movement was continuous and uniform.
A Study of the Active Access-Point Configuration Algorithm under Channel Bonding to Dual IEEE 802.11n and 11ac Interfaces in an Elastic WLAN System for IoT Applications
Authors: Roy Sujan Chandra , Funabiki Nobuo , Rahman Md. Mahbubur , Wu Bin , Kuribayashi Minoru , Kao Wen-Chung
Published: April 2023

Currently, Internet of Things (IoT) has become common in various applications, including smart factories, smart cities, and smart homes. In them, wireless local-area networks (WLANs) are widely used due to their high-speed data transfer, flexible coverage ranges, and low costs. To enhance the performance, the WLAN configuration should be optimized in dense WLAN environments where multiple access points (APs) and hosts exist. Previously, we have studied the active AP configuration algorithm for dual interfaces using IEEE802.11n and 11ac protocols at each AP under non-channel bonding (non-CB). In this paper, we study the algorithm considering the channel bonding (CB) to enhance its capacity by bonding two channels together. To improve the throughput estimation accuracy of the algorithm, the reduction factor is introduced at contending hosts for the same AP. For evaluations, we conducted extensive experiments using the WIMENT simulator and the testbed system using Raspberry Pi 4B APs. The results show that the estimated throughput is well matched with the measured one, and the proposal achieves the higher throughput with a smaller number of active APs than the previous configurations.
Preserving Local Food Traditions: A Hybrid Participatory Approach for Stimulating Transgenerational Dialogue
Authors: D’Andrea Alessia , D’Ulizia Arianna
Published: April 2023

Local food traditions are an essential part of culture and society, reflecting a community’s history, values, and beliefs. Elders play a major role in passing on local food knowledge to younger generations, ensuring local food traditions and cultural identity do not disappear over time. To preserve these traditions, it is essential to engage older and younger generations of a community in a transgenerational dialogue. From this perspective, the study utilizes a hybrid participatory approach, composed of design thinking and learning-by-doing. Results of the case study underline the effectiveness of the approach in stimulating both the transfer of knowledge, as well as the involvement of younger generations, in the preservation of local food traditions.
Sports Participation and Beliefs about Male Dominance: A Cross-National Analysis of Sexist Gender Ideologies
Authors: Lütkewitte Simon
Published: April 2023

To fill the gap in empirical research on the relationship between sexist gender ideologies and sports participation, I examined how sports participation affects the endorsement of sexist gender ideologies by men and women and how country-level gender inequalities moderate this relationship. For the analysis, I used cross-national survey data from the World Values Survey and the European Values Study, including observations collected between 2005 and 2016 on 57,817 men and 61,080 women from 74 countries that vary in terms of gender equality, religiosity, modernization, and economic development. My findings show that when controlling for sociodemographic factors and between-country differences in sexist gender ideologies, men who are sports club members endorse sexist gender ideologies to a significantly greater degree than men who are not sports club members. This finding is independent of the prevalence of gender inequalities in a country. Furthermore, in very gender-inegalitarian countries, women who are active sports club members tend to hold less sexist gender ideologies than women who are not sports club members or are not active members, while they do not differ substantially in the endorsement of sexist gender ideologies in relatively egalitarian countries.
Description of the Three Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Click Beetles (Coleoptera, Elateridae) with Phylogenetic Implications
Authors: Song Nan , Lin Xingyu , Zhao Te
Published: April 2023

The family Elateridae, known as click beetles, is a mega-diverse lineage of Coleoptera. Wireworms are the larval stage of click beetles, which are generalist herbivores and which are recognized as economically important pests of crops. To more effectively control and monitor wireworms, it is crucial to understand the genetics, taxonomy and phylogenetics of Elateridae. Here, we sequenced and characterized three complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) from the subfamily Elaterinae using a next-generation sequencing approach. In addition, we provided the annotated mitogenomes of the newly sequenced species, namely Parasilesis musculus (Candèze, 1873), Melanotus cribricollis Candèze, 1860 and Glyphonyx sp., and compared their arrangement with other closely related species. The secondary structures of tRNA genes and rRNA genes were predicted. Combined with the published mitogenomes of elaterid species, we reconstructed the phylogenetic framework for Elateridae under maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods using nucleotide and amino acid sequence datasets separately. The results from the Bayesian analysis based on the nucleotide dataset PCGRNA including all 37 mitochondrial genes were congruent with previous studies. Within the monophyletic Elateridae, two main clades were recovered. The first clade included Elaterinae and Melanotus. The second clade consisted of the remaining subfamilies. Physodactylinae and Cardiophorinae formed a sister group. Agrypninae was monophyletic. A subclade comprised Negastriinae and Dendrometrinae.
Lethal and Sublethal Toxicity of Beta-Carboline Alkaloids from Peganum harmala (L.) against Aedes albopictus Larvae (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Jiang Nan , Chen Li , Li Jinmei , Li Wenyong , Jiang Shuanglin
Published: April 2023

Plant-derived agents are powerful bio-pesticides for the eco-friendly control of mosquito vectors and other blood-sucking arthropods. The larval toxicity of beta-carboline alkaloids against the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), was investigated under laboratory conditions. The total alkaloid extracts (TAEs) and beta-carboline alkaloids (harmaline, harmine, harmalol, and harman) from Peganum harmala seeds were isolated and tested in this bioassay. All alkaloids were tested either individually or as binary mixtures, using the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) and Abbott’s formula analysis. The results revealed considerable toxicity of the tested alkaloids against A. albopictus larvae. When all larval instars were exposed to the TAEs at 48 h post-treatment, the mortality of all larval instars varied in a concentration-dependent manner. The second-instar larvae were the most susceptible to different concentrations of TAEs, and the fourth-instar larvae were more tolerant to TAEs than the second-instar larvae. Especially, the third-instar larvae exposed to all alkaloids also showed that all doses resulted in an increased mortality of the third-instar larvae at 48 h post-treatment, and the toxicities of the tested alkaloids in a descending order were TAEs > harmaline > harmine > harmalol, with the LC50 values of 44.54 ± 2.56, 55.51 ± 3.01, 93.67 ± 4.53, and 117.87 ± 5.61 μg/mL at 48 h post-treatment, respectively. In addition, all compounds were also tested individually or in a 1:1 ratio (dose LC25/LC25) as binary mixtures to assess the synergistic toxicity of these binary combinations against the third-instar larvae at 24 and 48 h post-treatment, respectively. The results demonstrated that when tested as a binary mixture, all compounds (especially TAEs, harmaline, and harmine) showed their synergistic effects, exceeding the toxicity of each compound alone. Interestingly, the obtained data further revealed that the TAEs at sublethal doses (LC10 and LC25) could significantly delay the larval development and decrease the pupation and emergence rates of A. albopictus. This phenomenon could be helpful in order to develop more effective control strategies for different notorious vector mosquitoes.
Search for DA White Dwarf Binary Candidates from LAMOST DR7
Authors: Yan Hua-Hui , Zhao Jing-Kun , Shi Wei-Bin , Guo Jin-Cheng , Wang Liang , Lei Zhen-Xin , Zhao Gang
Published: April 2023

We obtained spectroscopy data for 761 Degenerate A (DA)white dwarfs (WDs) with multiple LAMOST observations. The radial velocity (RV) of each spectrum was calculated using the cross-correlation function method (CCF), and 60 DA WD binary candidates were selected based on the variation of the RV. Then, the atmosphere parameter Teff, logg, and the mass of these DA WDs were estimated by the Balmer line fitting method and interpolation in theoretical evolution tracks, respectively. Our parameters are consistent with those from SDSS and Gaia for the common stars. No evident difference in the mass distribution of binary candidates compared with total DA WDs was found. We surmise these DA WD binary candidates are mainly composed of two WDs. With the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) data, we obtained the light curve periods of two targets with significant light curve periods in the DA WD binary candidates. For the spectra with anomalous CCF curves or with large errors in their RV calculations, we re-certified their spectral types by visual review. Based on their spectral features, we found 11 DA + M-type binaries and four cataclysmic variables (CVs). The light curve period of one CV was obtained with ZTF data.
Are International Units of Anti-HBs Antibodies Always Indicative of Hepatitis B Virus Neutralizing Activity?
Authors: Aronthippaitoon Yada , Szerman Nathan , Ngo-Giang-Huong Nicole , Laperche Syria , Ungeheuer Marie-Noelle , Sureau Camille , Khamduang Woottichai , Gaudy-Graffin Catherine
Published: April 2023

Objective: Anti-HBs antibodies are elicited upon hepatitis B vaccination, and concentrations above 10 mIU/mL are considered protective. Our aim was to assess the relationship between IU/mL of anti-HBs and neutralization activity. Methods: Immunoglobulins G (IgGs) were purified from individuals who received a serum-derived vaccine (Group 1), a recombinant vaccine, Genevac-B or Engerix-B (Group 2), or who recovered from acute infection (Group 3). IgGs were tested for anti-HBs, anti-preS1, and anti-preS2 antibodies and for their neutralizing activity in an in vitro infection assay. Results: Anti-HBs IUs/mL value did not strictly correlate with neutralization activity. The Group 1 antibodies demonstrated a greater neutralizing activity than those of Group 2. Anti-preS1 antibodies were detected in Groups 1 and 3, and anti-preS2 in Group 1 and Group 2/Genhevac-B, but the contribution of anti-preS antibodies to neutralization could not be demonstrated. Virions bearing immune escape HBsAg variants were less susceptible to neutralization than wild-type virions. Conclusion. The level of anti-HBs antibodies in IUs is not sufficient to assess neutralizing activity. Consequently, (i) an in vitro neutralization assay should be included in the quality control procedures of antibody preparations intended for HB prophylaxis or immunotherapy, and (ii) a greater emphasis should be placed on ensuring that vaccine genotype/subtype matches with that of the circulating HBV.
A Critical Review on Human Malaria and Schistosomiasis Vaccines: Current State, Recent Advancements, and Developments
Authors: Siddiqui Arif Jamal , Bhardwaj Jyoti , Saxena Juhi , Jahan Sadaf , Snoussi Mejdi , Bardakci Fevzi , Badraoui Riadh , Adnan Mohd
Published: April 2023

Malaria and schistosomiasis are two major parasitic diseases that remain leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Co-infections of these two parasites are common in the tropics, where both diseases are endemic. The clinical consequences of schistosomiasis and malaria are determined by a variety of host, parasitic, and environmental variables. Chronic schistosomiasis causes malnutrition and cognitive impairments in children, while malaria can cause fatal acute infections. There are effective drugs available to treat malaria and schistosomiasis. However, the occurrence of allelic polymorphisms and the rapid selection of parasites with genetic mutations can confer reduced susceptibility and lead to the emergence of drug resistance. Moreover, the successful elimination and complete management of these parasites are difficult due to the lack of effective vaccines against Plasmodium and Schistosoma infections. Therefore, it is important to highlight all current vaccine candidates undergoing clinical trials, such as pre-erythrocytic and erythrocytic stage malaria, as well as a next-generation RTS,S-like vaccine, the R21/Matrix-M vaccine, that conferred 77% protection against clinical malaria in a Phase 2b trial. Moreover, this review also discusses the progress and development of schistosomiasis vaccines. Furthermore, significant information is provided through this review on the effectiveness and progress of schistosomiasis vaccines currently under clinical trials, such as Sh28GST, Sm-14, and Sm-p80. Overall, this review provides insights into recent progress in malarial and schistosomiasis vaccines and their developmental approaches.
Nutritional value of fruits and vegetables
Authors:   Department of International Commerce, Graduate School of Corporate Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Nikolaeva M. A.
Published: April 2023

The article considers the nutritional value of fruit and vegetable products, their properties and characteristic indicators. The features of fruit and vegetable products are revealed. It has been established that their nutritional value is characterized by low energy value, with the exception of nuts, olives, and dates. The biological value and biological effi ciency are characterized as low for most types of fresh fruits and vegetables, with the exception of nuts, due to the low content of proteins and their low full value. The physiological value of fresh fruits, vegetables, and mushrooms is determined by the content of vitamins C, P, B9, E, such vitamin-like substances as carotene, inositol, etc., minerals: potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and iron, among which potassium predominates, as well as biooxidants and dietary fiber. Factors affecting the nutrient availability of fresh fruits, vegetables, and mushrooms, as well as their safety, have been identified.
The significance and role of digitalization in the formation of universal culture and its effect on modern society
Authors:   Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology (direction of training ", Krivonosova Zhanna ,   Sociology",   ) Bryansk State University named after Academician I.G. Petrovsky
Published: April 2023

The article examines the significance and role of digital culture in the formation of universal culture and its impact on modern society. The development and contradictory nature of the influence of digitalization is analyzed. The research is based on the analysis of scientific and popular science sources. The article shows that the formation of digital culture as an independent industry is attributed to the second half of the XX century. First of all, this is due to the creation of a personal computer and other digital devices, the emergence of the global Internet as a mass form of communication, and also with the introduction of various practices of using computer technologies into the daily life of each of us. The author comes to the conclusion that the formation of such a new type of culture as digital should be based on systematic and integrated approaches.
Correct rearing of heifers in the Ural region is a guarantee of high milk productivity of cows
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Ural State Agrarian University”, Russia, Ekaterinburg, Gridin V. F. , Gridina S. L. ,   Ural Scientific and Research Institute of Agriculture – branch of FSBSI “Ural Federal Agrarian Scientifi c and Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Russia, Ekaterinburg, Leshonok O. I. ,   Ural Scientific and Research Institute of Agriculture – branch of FSBSI “Ural Federal Agrarian Scientifi c and Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Russia, Ekaterinburg, Kostomakhin N. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow, Pozdnyakova N. A. ,   Kurgan State Agricultural Academy named after T. S. Maltsev – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kurgan State University”, Russia, Kurgan region, Lesnikovo, Lushnikov N. A. ,   Kurgan State Agricultural Academy named after T. S. Maltsev – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kurgan State University”, Russia, Kurgan region, Lesnikovo
Published: April 2023

Long-term and purposeful selection and breeding work is carried out in the Ural region, as a result of which a population of cattle capable of showing high milk productivity has been created. The increase in dairy productivity of cattle is determined by the cows belonging to a certain breed, the strength of the feed base, as well as the correct rearing of replacement heifers. The purpose of the work was to analyze the rearing of replacement heifers in the Ural region and to assess the subsequent dairy productivity of cows. For the analysis, the data of the consolidated judging lists of breeding organizations of the Ural region, which includes: Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan regions, the Udmurt Republic, the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Perm Territory were used. The total number of cattle of all cattle breeds in the region is 583,6 thousand heads with a productivity of 7198 kg of milk. Obtaining high milk productivity is guaranteed thanks to the correct rearing of replacement heifers and their insemination at the optimal age. It was revealed that the development of heifers by growing periods up to 18 months of age corresponds to the instructions for judging. According to the results of studies at the age of 18 months in all seven regions of Urals, the live weight of heifers ranged from 386 to 451 kg, at the fi rst insemination in the Sverdlovsk region it was 401 kg, in other regions of Urals it was 391–397 kg. Insemination of heifers aged 15–16 months did not have a negative eff ect on the dairy productivity of cows. The highest milk productivity was noted in purebred Holstein cows 8641 kg of milk. The smallest it was in cows of Tagil breed 4019 kg of milk.
Uso do metilfenidato em crianças e adolescentes com TDAH: uma revisão sobre riscos e benefícios
Authors: Maurilio Maria Mathias , Camargo Rick Wilhiam de , Bitencourt Rafael Mariano de
Published: April 2023

Introdução. O transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH) é considerado um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento, caracterizado por certos comportamentos ou sintomas relacionados a atenção, a impulsividade e a hiperatividade. Os tratamentos do TDAH abrangem um procedimento múltiplo, incluindo intervenções não farmacológicas com abordagens psicoeducacionais e intervenções farmacológicas como o uso do metilfenidato, comumente o mais utilizado no Brasil. Objetivo. Revisar os riscos e benefícios do uso do metilfenidato como tratamento de curto e longo prazo em crianças e adolescentes com TDAH. Método. Elencaram-se por meio de busca bibliográfica 246 estudos, dos quais, após análise dos títulos e resumos 53 estudos foram selecionados. Resultados. O estudo abrangeu as características clínicas dos pacientes com TDAH e seus efeitos sobre o uso do metilfenidato. A literatura mostra que o metilfenidato pode ser benéfico em relação a hiperatividade e a falta de concentração a espaço escolar e social, bem como em outros fatores, porém, estudos mostram que existem muitos efeitos adversos associados a ele, como perda de apetite, insônia, cefaleia e sintomas gastrointestinais, incluído psicose e problemas cardiovasculares, que podem surgir a longo prazo através de um uso contínuo, prolongado e recorrente, riscos estes que não podem ser ignorados tendo em vista o grande uso deste medicamento por crianças e adolescentes no Brasil. Conclusão. Conclui-se através desta revisão, que se faz necessário mais pesquisas sobre os efeitos adversos do metilfenidato em crianças e adolescentes com TDAH, a fim de evidenciar de modo mais claro as alterações que este medicamento causa no indivíduo.
Le maternel et le féminin : deux espaces de la vie psychique
Authors: Guignard Florence
Published: April 2023

Florence Guignard, The maternal and the féminin components : two spaces of psychic life.

The author proposes two metaphorical models: the primary maternal, which contains the primary drive conflict, and the primary feminine, containing the constitution of desire. These two models represent an aspect of psychic space and designate two areas that both constitute and are constituted by the first intrapsychic conflicts. Starting with Freud, the author then examines the contributions of other authors (Bion, Fain, Meltzer, Rank, etc.) that support her concept of an intimate relationship based on identifications as well as object relations.

Key-words : Primary drive conflict, Constitution of desire, Masochism-feminity = Moebius strip.
Du corps à la pensée : empreintes du maternel
Authors: Emmanuelli Michèle , Boekholt Monika
Published: April 2023

Cet article présente les résultats d'une recherche sur le fonctionnement psychique féminin, à partir d'un entretien et de deux épreuves projectives, le Rorschach et le TAT.

Le thème de la recherche et le sexe des psychologues cliniciennes ont, semble-t-il, infléchi la relation transférentielle dans un registre maternel. C'est de ce point de vue

que l'on peut comprendre les résultats, portant sur les différents registres de figuration du corps, les identifications et les représentations de relations. L'impact différentiel du Rorschach et du TAT y apparaît clairement.

La population est constituée de trente jeunes femmes âgées de 18 à 35 ans, non consultantes en psychiatrie.

Mots-clés : Féminin, Maternel, Rorschach, TAT, Transfert/épreuves projectives.
Fantasme d'infanticide et construction du narcissisme primaire ; expression projective au Rorschach et au TAT
Authors: Roman Pascal
Published: April 2023

L'hypothèse que je me propose de mettre ici au travail est que les processus en jeu dans la constitution du narcissisme primaire mobilisent électivement les enjeux liés au fantasme d'infanticide et à la perlaboration d'une violence primitive. Dans ce cadre, une lecture de protocoles d'épreuves projectives (Rorschach et T.A.T) recueillis auprès d'enfants confrontés à l'expérience d'une violence parentale non élaborée, permet de repérer les éléments propres à spécifier des avatars dans les émergences symbolisantes.

Les caractéristiques propres à ces protocoles (expression brute de fantasmes violents, marques d'une répétition de type traumatique, instabilité des investissements identitaires et identificatoires...) ouvrent sur des perspectives pour penser un lien inter-fantasmatique au sein du groupe familial à partir du concept de violence fondamentale décrit par J. Bergeret.

Mots-clés : Fantasme d'infanticide. Narcissisme primaire, Violence fondamentale, Épreuves projectives.
Le « pervers » : agresseur ou victime ? Étude du Rorschach
Authors: Duflot Colette
Published: April 2023

Colette Duflot, The "Pervert" : aggressor or victim ? Rorschach Study.

In the context of judicial assessments, psychologists encounter aggressors who are shown through clinical examination to have been victims themselves of diverse types of violence during their childhood.

One case study involving anamnesis, Rorschach and an interview immediately after the very revealing set of Rorschach responses illustrates this finding by bringing to light the weakness of the family's symbolic structure and the traumas which preceeded the burgeoning of sexual violence in a subject whose split functioning permitted superficial socio-affective adaptation to coexist with a fantasy world of the sado-masochistic type which was impossible to integrate.

Key-words : Sexual aggression, Rorschach, splitting
Au Rwanda : la parole peut-elle suffire à traiter la question du traumatisme ? De l'abréaction à la méthode associative
Authors: Godard Marie-Odile
Published: April 2023

reacting with the subject's past experiences, becomes the missing link in a chain we can unravel by means of the associative method. This method is not a search for "meaning" which is commonly understood as the "cause" of events. The causes should be sought out at the political and societal levels. For the individual person, a massacre can have no meaning. Men, women and children were affected by the genocide individually, and it is in the same way, one by one, that they must be treated.

Key words : Rwanda, Genocide, Traumatism, Abreaction, Simmel, Freud, Associative method, Narcissism, Differed action, Meaning
Actualité de la névrose
Authors: Chabert Catherine
Published: April 2023

Catherine Chabert, Actualidad de la neurosis.

El desarrollo de las modalidades de funcionamiento de los estados-límites, permitiendo al mismo tiempo afinar el diagnóstico diferencial de las neurosis, ha entranado progresivamente un desvío en la aproximación de estas organizaciones psicopatológicas. La tendencia de hoy en día va en el sentido de la multiplicación de diagnósticos de funcionamientos Iímites y narcisistas.

Se trata de un cambio de la clínica ? Se trata de una contaminación que haria perder de vista las características efectivas de la neurosis ?

A partir de estos cuestionamientos, nos proponemos establecer rigurosamente, a través de la clínica proyectiva (Rorschach y TAT), los criterios diferenciadores que darán cuenta de la naturaleza intra-psáquica de los conflictos, de la especificidad de los mecanismos de defensa y de la articulación de las problemáticas neuróticas, poniendo especialmente en evidencia el interés del núcleo histérico que condiciona el funcionamiento.

Palabras-clave : Neurosis, Funcionamiento límite, Rorschach, TAT, Diagnóstico diferencial.