bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Fair Inclusion of Intersex and Transgender Athletes based on Kinesiology, Physiology and Athlete Wellness
Authors: Stefani Raymond
Published: May 2024

Fair eligibility-requirements for intersex and transgender female athletes are sorely needed for Olympic competition. Those designated 46 XY DSD are usually judged to be intersex females at birth with Differences of Sexual Development (DSD), producing testosterone-creating testes instead of ovaries. Men who transition to female are defined as transgender women and have testosterone-creating testes. To quantify the role of testosterone, physics and kinesiology were applied to running, swimming, speed skating and rowing, to evaluate the female/male velocity ratio of Olympic Champions from 1980 through 2020/21 as driven by the relative lean-to-weight ratio of elite athletes. That velocity ratio now equals the relative lean-to-weight ratio of 90%. Since circulating testosterone drives the lean-to-weight ratio, higher testosterone gives men that 10% advantage over women. A definitive paper written when a limit of 10 nmol/L was used, concluded that 5 nmol/L was the lowest reasonable limit to impose, and then it was exceeded against Castor Semenya. Intersex athletes were born that way, suggesting that no limit or a limit of 10 nmol/L would be fair. Since transgender female athletes undergo therapy, 5 nmol/L might be achievable without medical or psychological side effects, instead of requiring transition before male puberty, which happens rarely. Keywords: intersex females, transgender females, testosterone limits, lean-to-weight ratio, gender inclusion
Views toward Education and the Impact of Education in Kazakhstan: What Are the Salient Factors?
Authors: Kudebayeva Alma , Primiano Christopher B.
Published: May 2024

In the literature on education in Central Asia, the existing scholarship largely focuses on reform processes and administrative issues in the post-Soviet context. There is thus a lack of scholarship that focuses on both how students view the purpose of education and the relationship between education and political engagement in the region. This article aims to address that gap in the literature by presenting findings from a survey we conducted at KIMEP University in Kazakhstan on the issue of how our sample views education and the impact of education on political issues. While we found that majoring in the social sciences, the more time spent at university, and selecting a Western democracy as the country the person admires most are all salient in terms of how a person views the beneficial impact of education on political issues, we found that majoring in the social sciences is the most important factor. Regarding the debate on the impact of education, our argument is that the type of education one receives (i.e. an individual’s major) is more salient than time spent at university.
Isothermal extrusion in a cone-type matrix of a relaxing material
Authors: Chudin Vladimir , Pasynkov Andrey
Published: May 2024

The relations for calculating the deformation mode and force conditions of isothermal extrusion of blanks made of high-strength metallic alloys are proposed. Under isothermal deformation, the material is hardened and softened, which is associated with the manifestation of the viscous properties of the material (creep). In this regard, the state of viscoplasticity is taken on. The deformation state is accompanied by stress relaxation, which is greater the lower the speed (longer duration) of the operation. Based on the mechanics of deformation, the dependence of moulding conditions (deformation, force, damage to the work material) is expressed by analytical relations. The power balance of activity of forces results in a pressure estimation for isothermal exposure. In this case, a discontinuous field of path velocities is used, which consists of a block of deformations and rigid blocks. The blocks are separated by slip surfaces. Deformations occur in the deformation block and on slip surfaces. Since pressing leads to the occurrence of micro-damages, the damage rate of the coating material was estimated. In this case, the criteria of fracture kinetics are used: energy and deformation equations. The damage rate of the material depends on the speed and degree of deformation, or solely on the degree of deformation. For a number of materials, reducing the speed helps to reduce damage and, consequently, the possibility of increasing the degree of shaping of the primary blank. The relations for stiffness analysis of the stress pattern are given, on which the damage also depends. Calculations of the pressure and damage of the material under compaction for blanks made of titanium and high-strength aluminum alloys have been performed. It is shown that at low operation speeds on the appropriate hydraulic forging equipment, the exposure pressure decreases significantly. The aluminum alloy damaging is also reduced, and for titanium it depends only on the degree of forming.
Aplikasi Augmented Reality untuk Pengenalan Gedung Fakultas di Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor
Authors: Safitri Rianti , Al Ikhsan Safaruddin Hidayat , Setiawan Foni Agus
Published: May 2024

Pengenalan gedung Fakultas di Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor semakin modern melalui aplikasi Augmented Reality (AR) Android. Saat ini, pengenalan kampus mengandalkan virtual tour di YouTube dan brosur, namun kompleksitas banyaknya gedung membuat calon mahasiswa kesulitan. Aplikasi AR ini dikembangkan dengan metode MDLC, menggunakan Unity dan Tinkercad untuk menciptakan object 3D gedung. Keunggulan AR memungkinkan penempatan objek vitrual di lingkungan nyata sehingga memudahkan pengguna untuk berinteraksi langsung. Uji coba melalui black box testing menunjukkan aplikasi berfungsi dengan baik, membantu pengunjung mengidentifikasi gedung Fakultas di Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor. Pengenalan kampus yang interaktif dan mudah diakses diharapkan meningkatkan pengalaman pengguna, menjadikan aplikasi ini alat efektif dalam orientasi dan penjelajahan kampus.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN JENIS KAMAR TERBAIK PADA HOTEL MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP
Authors: Jannah Iklima Azizah , Ghinafauz Nabillah Griselda , Prasetyo Ardian Figo , Nugroho Suryo , Siswanto Muhammad Faruoq , Putra Adiasto Narendra , Zakiah Yayah , Prayoga Fransiscus Dharma Hadi , Septiani Ni Wayan Parwati , Lestari Mei
Published: May 2024

Pemilihan jenis kamar yang tepat merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam pengalaman menginap di hotel. Dalam penelitian ini, kami memperkenalkan sebuah Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) yang menggunakan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Kriteria-kriteria yang dipertimbangkan meliputi harga, pemandangan kamar, dan fasilitas. Metode AHP digunakan untuk menghitung bobot relatif dari setiap kriteria dan untuk meranking jenis kamar yang tersedia. Kami menguji sistem ini menggunakan data aktual dari beberapa hotel dengan berbagai jenis kamar di lokasi yang berbeda. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa SPK yang diusulkan dapat memberikan rekomendasi kamar yang sesuai dengan preferensi tamu secara efisien dan akurat. Diharapkan bahwa implementasi sistem ini akan membantu meningkatkan kepuasan tamu, meningkatkan tingkat okupansi kamar, dan membantu manajemen hotel dalam pengambilan keputusan yang lebih efektif. Kata Kunci : Kamar Terbaik, Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Sistem Informasi Pembayaran SPP di SMK Yaperjasa Jakarta
Authors: Riono Ridho , Fitriansyah Aswin , Haryanto Yuli
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat sistem informasi Pembayaran SPP yang terkomputerisasi pada SMK Yaperjasa dalam mempermudah kinerja Tata Usaha. Membuat penyimpanan data pembayaran SPP yang lebih aman dibandingkan menggunakan buku dan disimpan dalam lemari dokumen. Membuat pembayaran SPP dan laporan pembayaran dengan cepat, mudah, dan akurat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam Sistem Informasi Pembayaran SPP adalah Metode kualitatif dengan jenis  Grounded (Grounded Research). Serta metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi observasi, wawancara, dan studi kepustakaan. Metode pengembangan sistem penelitian ini menggunakan metode waterfall. Hasil penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan suatu sistem informasi pembayaran SPP yang diharapkan bisa memberikan layanan yang baik kepada orang tua siswa/siswi maupun Staf Tata Usaha yaitu kemudahan mengolah data penyimpanan yang lebih aman, pembuatan laporan, serta pencarain data yang lebih cepat dan tepat
Sistem Informasi Penyewaan Alat Outdoor di Eidelweis Nature Camping Equipment Berbasis Java
Authors: Zulvarosa Gita , Aruan Meri Chrismes
Published: May 2024

Kegiatan yang dilakukan di alam terbuka atau yang sering disebut juga dengan kegiatan outdoor bukanlah kegiatan yang asing lagi bagi masyarakat di era sekarang. Tentunya tidak semua orang yang melakukan kegiatan outdoor ini memiliki peralatan yang lengkap untuk dipakai. Salah satunya di Eidelweis Nature Camping Equipment telah menyediakan jasa penyewaan alat-alat outdoor. Namun, dalam penginputan data pelanggan, data supplier, data karyawan, data alat outdoor, data pembelian barang ke supplier,  data penyewaan dan pengembalian alat outdoor serta pembuatan laporan data-data tersebut masih dilakukan secara manual. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat sistem informasi yang terkomputerisasi dan lebih terstruktur dengan menggunakan media penyimpanan database sehingga data tidak rentan hilang atau rusak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan peneliti yaitu metode kuantitatif. Dan mempermudah kegiatan perusahaan dalam menyelesaikan masalah serta mengoptimalkan kinerja karyawan dengan cepat, tepat dan akurat.
Hubungan Penguasaan Diksi dan Minat Membaca dengan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Persuasif pada Peserta Didik Kelas VIII di SMPN 1 Jasinga Bogor
Authors: Putri Helmalia , Nuryani Rina , Ma’rif Muhammad Ramdon Samsul
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjabarkan hubungan penguasaan diksi dan minat membaca dengan keterampilan menulis teks persuasif pada peserta didik kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Jasinga Bogor. Penelitian ini berdasarkan masalah dari hasil survei di tempat penelitian yaitu  penguasaan diksi dan  minat membaca dalam keterampilan menulis teks persuasif masih tergolong rendah yang dibuktikan dengan nilai di bawah KKM. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan korelasi berganda. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 36 responden. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan yang telah dilakukan diperoleh hasil rhitung x1y yakni 0.633, rhitung x2y yakni 0.491 serta rhitung x1x2y 0.647 dan  rtabel masing-masing 0.278 dengan derajat kebebasan (df= 36-2 = 34) dan taraf signifikasi sebesar 0.05. Dapat disimpulkan dari perhitungan rhitung lebih besar dari rtabel artinya H0 ditolak sedangkan H1 diterima. Perhitungan hasil akhir x1x2y sebesar 0.647>0.278  dengan keterangan kuat, dinyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan penguasaan diksi dan minat membaca dengan keterampilan menulis teks persuasif pada peserta didik kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Jasinga Bogor.
Kesalahan Berbahasa pada Penulisan Teks Berita Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Global Sevilla dan Implikasinya terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Nurtriputra Ifran
Published: May 2024

Tujuan Penelitian ini ialah untuk menganalisis, mengetahui, dan mendeskripsikan kesalahan berbahasa pada penulisan teks berita siswa kelas VIII SMP Global Sevilla dan implikasinya terhadap pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik penelitian yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis isi (content analysis text). Hasil penelitian kesalahan berbahasa pada penulisan teks berita siswa kelas VIII SMP Global Sevilla, penulis menemukan kesalahan berbahasa pada tejaan sejumlah 19 data (25%), fonologi sejumlah 10 data (13%), morfologi sejumlah 15 data (20%), sintaksis sejumlah 16 data (21%), semantik sejumlah 5 data (7%), dan wacana sejumlah 10 data (13%). Dengan demikian, peserta didik menulis teks berita belum memperhatikan ejaan yang tepat dan unsur kebahasaan yang lainnya.
Respons Penerjemahan melalui Google Translate terhadap Kata, Nama, dan Istilah-Istilah Lokal Berbahasa Indonesia ke Dalam Kalimat Berbahasa Inggris
Authors: Hidayat Fahmi , Anam Ahmad Khoiril
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons penerjemahan melalui Google Translate terhadap kata, nama, dan istilah-istilah lokal berbahasa Indonesia ke dalam kalimat berbahasa Inggris. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Adapun jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian linguistik komputasi. Aspek komputasi yang dijadikan sebagai objek dalam penelitian ini berupa mesin penerjemahan, yakni Google Translate. Data yang diambil adalah berupa hasil penerjemahan melalui Google Translate berupa kalimat berbahasa Inggris dari kalimat-kalimat yang berisi kata, nama, dan istilah-istilah lokal berbahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) layanan Google Translate mengalami kesulitan dalam menerjemahkan kata-kata yang berhomonim; (2) layanan Google Translate mengalami kesulitan dalam menerjemahkan nama-nama kota yang berhomonim dengan kosakata bahasa Indonesia; dan (3)  layanan Google Translate mengalami kesulitan dalam menerjemahkan istilah-istilah lokal yang lazim digunakan dalam penggunaan bahasa Indonesia.
PEMBIASAAN SHALAT BERJAMA’AH DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER SISWA YANG KOMUNIKATIF DAN BERTANGGUNG JAWAB DI SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 4 PORONG SIDOARJO
Authors: Aviyah Iin Inayatus , Salahuddin Rahmad
Published: May 2024

Character education starts from childhood. Religious habits that are carried out to form a religious character, such as congregational prayer create a communicative and responsible character, this phenomenon is an attraction for researchers to carry out this research. The research method used is qualitative by emphasizing the socially constructed nature of reality, namely establishing a close relationship between the researcher and those being researched. The locus of this research is SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Porong. The data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation analysis, while the informants are principals, teachers, and some students. The results of the research show that students at SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Porong who carry out Islamic habits mean providing good things to students, such as congregational prayer, muraja'ah together. It appears to researchers that these characters support their sense of responsibility, good attitudes, and attitudes. and more serious in carrying out their duties in learning. The disciplined character in carrying out group prayers and then murajaah together is an Islamic character which is an illustration of students' responsibility in carrying out their duties and responsibilities as a Muslim who adheres to their religion. The implications of research regarding the habit of praying together in forming the character of communicative and responsible students include: 1) Educational practitioners know the importance of religious education in schools, 2) Implementing curriculum integration in schools, 3) Teachers and school staff have a complex role in fostering students' sense of responsibility in their daily lives, 4) Establishing collaboration between teachers and parents.
REVITALISASI NILAI RELIGIUSITAS MAHASISWA MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN AL ISLAM DAN KEMUHAMMADIYAHAN DI STAI MUHAMMADIYAH PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Khadavi Muhammad Jadid , Syahri Akhmad , Nuryami Nuryami , Supandi Supandi
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman, keterlibatan, dan implementasi ajaran agama Islam di lingkungan STAI Muhammadiyah Probolinggo. Penelitian ini fokus pada upaya penguatan kembali nilai-nilai keagamaan bagi mahasiswa dan mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat revitalisasi nilai religiusitas. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan observasi untuk memahami secara mendalam konteks, tantangan, dan strategi yang digunakan dalam revitalisasi nilai religiusitas mahasiswa. Temuan penelitian mencerminkan adanya tiga dimensi religiusitas, yaitu Aqidah, Ibadah, dan Muamalah, dengan strategi penerapan Uswah Hasanah dan Pembinaan Karakter Islami yang berkelanjutan. Dalam proses pembelajaran al-Islam dan Kemuhammadiyahan, dibangun sikap inklusif (Wasathiyah), toleran, dan progresif, yang berkontribusi pada peningkatan dimensi spiritual mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman tentang urgensi integritas agama dalam pembentukan karakter Islami mahasiswa dalam membangun masyarakat yang berkeadaban. Selain itu, implikasi dari penelitian ini dapat menjadi panduan bagi lembaga pendidikan, terutama perguruan tinggi keagamaan Islam dalam merancang program-program yang mendukung proses revitalisasi nilai religiusitas mahasiswa secara efektif. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah: 1) Kurikulum berkembang dengan baik, 2) Melakukan pelatihan para dosen, 3) Pengembangan program kegiatan mahasiswa, 4) Pelatihan lanjutan tentang dampak religious, 5) Jalinan kolaborasi dengan lembaga kemuhammadiyahan, 6) Pengembangan materi pembelajaran berbasis teknologi.
ANALYSIS OF THE MATERIALS OF ISLAMIC RELIGION EDUCATION THROUGH THEOLOGICAL APPROACHES: STUDY OF THE ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION AND CHARACTER TEXTBOOK FOR GRADE 1 OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Sofiyandi Muji Agus , Tobroni Tobroni , Faridi Faridi
Published: May 2024

This research is qualitative research with a literature review approach by examining PAI content in PAI textbooks and Class 1 Elementary School Characters in a theological context. The objectives include: 1) carrying out theological categorization of the content of Islamic Religious Education in the textbook Islamic Religious Education and Character Class 1, 2) classifying the material in the book based on a theological approach, and 3) exploring its relevance. PAI content in the book is aimed at contemporary Islamic education. The primary data source for this research is the PAI and Character Class 1 Elementary School Textbook written by Nurzakun & Santoso (2021). The analysis technique used is content analysis. The findings of this research indicate that: 1) the content of PAI in the PAI and Character textbooks for Grade 1 Elementary School can be considered comprehensive and presented in simple language to facilitate students' understanding; 2) The contents of the book cover theological themes, with the main focus on theocentric themes; 3) Holistically, the PAI content in this book can be seen as relevant and significantly contributing in a theological context. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of PAI content about theological aspects, thereby increasing understanding in this academic domain. The implications of this research are: 1) Relevance of learning, 2) Development of character textbooks, 3) Development of professional teachers, 4) Curriculum development, 5) Increasing understanding of Islam, 6) Involvement of parents and the community in the implementation of education.
CHIP50 Report #104: Approval ratings of Trump and Biden's presidencies
Authors: Lazer David , Qu Hong , Baum Matthew , Ognyanova Katherine , Uslu Ata , Bernt Sarah , Druckman James , Perlis Roy , Santillana Mauricio
Published: May 2024

2024 is the first time since 1892 that an incumbent President is facing a predecessor. This yields a potentially distinct dynamic. Elections may be viewed in significant part as an act of assessment of the incumbent, per Reagan’s famous query: are you better off than you were four years ago? The choice confronting the American voter in 2024 is, in a sense, a comparative assessment of two presidencies, that of Biden and that of Trump. CHIP50 has been tracking the approval of Biden and Trump for the last two years. KEY FINDINGS●Approval of both Biden and Trump has been low and fairly stable for the entire period, with more people disapproving than approving of both for the last two years.●Approval of Trump has been higher than approval of Biden for the entire period. Disapproval of both was about the same in June 2022. However, Biden’s disapproval has slightly increased, while Trump’s disapproval has gradually declined during this time, yielding a substantially lower disapproval rate for Trump currently (43%) than for Biden (52%) . ●The largest shifts towards Trump and away from Biden in approval have been in the younger cohorts. For example, for the 18 to 24-year-old cohort, the percentage of people disapproving of Biden has jumped from 40% in June 2022 to 57% now, while the disapproval of Trump has dropped from 55% to 42%.●The shift in approval of Biden and Trump has been matched by a substantial shift in partisanship towards Republicans in the youngest cohort. In June 2022, Democrats had a 46% to 21% advantage in partisan identity; this has dropped to a 38% to 32% margin.●Trump significantly outperforms Biden in swing states, with a net approval that is 19% greater than Biden’s (in this report, we consider as swing states all states that were decided by less than a 3-point margin in 2020: Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, North Carolina, Nevada, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin).
Exploring the self-care experiences of adults with heart failure in Australia: a qualitative study
Authors: Nourse Rebecca , Kayser Lars , Maddison Ralph
Published: May 2024

Background: Heart failure is a complex, progressive syndrome that requires long-term management. This study aimed to understand the self-care experiences of community-dwelling adults with heart failure in Australia.Methods: Nine participants were recruited via social media and notifications by community heart support organisations in Australia. Participants were invited to participate in an interview via video call or telephone. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Three themes were constructed, offering insight into self-care practices: 1) how participants described self-care practices as a means of adjusting the visibility of heart failure in their daily lives, 2) the significance of personal and societal understanding of self-care, and 3) the relational dynamics of self-care.Conclusion: This study contributes contextualised insights into heart failure self-care, identifying how promoting agency and social connections while challenging existing understandings of heart failure and support systems may provide potential avenues for exploration in supporting self-care. Adopting a person-centred and holistic perspective must be prioritised for effective support of people with heart failure.
THE COMPLEX ISSUE OF POACHING EXPLORING A TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH TO CONSERVATION
Authors: Sharma Lakshay , Vaid Upma
Published: May 2024

Illegal animal hunting or poaching endangers the environment, human health, and the global economy. This practice causes wildlife populations to dwindle, impacting gene pools, species interdependence, and vegetation loss. Furthermore, poaching can result in health risks such as SARS and Ebola, as well as a negative influence on tourism. This research investigates the consequences of poaching and suggests an approach in the form of an ankle-worn monitoring and tracking device. Under certain conditions, the device can send out a distress signal, aiding in the rescue and tracking of the wearer. The device's successful application can help save endangered animals while also addressing environmental, health, and economic concerns. This study emphasizes the importance of addressing poaching and protecting wildlife and provides a novel solution to this ongoing issue.
COSMOS MIND AND LIFE: Is Mind in Spacetime?
Authors: Kauffman Stuart , Patra Sudip
Published: May 2024

We attempt in this article to formulate a conceptual and testable framework weaving Cosmos, Mind and Life into a whole. We build on three recent discoveries, each requiring more evidence: i. The particles of the Standard Model, SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1), are formally capable of collective autocatalysis. This leads us to ask what roles such autocatalysis may have played in Cosmogenesis, and in trying to answer, Why our Laws? Why our Constants? A capacity of the particles of SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1) for collective autocatalysis may be open to experimental test, stunning if confirmed. ii. Reasonable evidence now suggests that matter can expand spacetime.The first issue is to establish the claim that matter expands spacetime at or beyond 5 sigma if that can be done. If true, this process may elucidate Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Inflation and require alteration of Einstein's Field Equations. Cosmology would be transformed. iii. Evidence at 6.49 Sigma suggests that mind can alter the outcome of the two-slit experiment. If widely and independently verified, the foundations of quantum mechanics must be altered. Mind plays a role in the universe. That role may include Cosmic Mind.Our considerations concern: 1. Ontologically Real Potentia and the Unmanifest; 2. Nonlocality as Fundamental; 3. Res potentia, Res extensa, and Actualization; 4. Mind and Qualia, Mind is not in Spacetime; 5. Quantum Vacuum = Potentia not in Spacetime = Mind not in Spacetime; 6. Mind can Actualize Potentia; 7. The emergence of the classical world; 8. Co-evolution of life and ever -more complex matter; 9. Why "My Mind"?; 10. Each embodied mind is coupled bilaterally to the Quantum Vacuum that is Cosmic Mind; 11. Responsible Free Will.We hope we have made progress.
A RESEARCH NOTE ON RETHINKING SOFTWARE DOCUMENTATION: CREATING INCLUSIVE COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS FOR SOCIAL SCIENCES
Authors: Gruber Johannes B. , van der Velden Mariken Anna Catharina Geertruida
Published: May 2024

In the past decade, the social sciences have undergone a transformation, embracing computational methods with increased data and tool availability. However, the adoption of these methods remains uneven, rooted in the discipline’s discrepancies between dominant and marginalized groups. Studies reveal that underrepresented groups are less likely to use computational methods, attributing it tolimited methodological and technical guidance and documentation. To address that shortage, this paper proposes an approach to software documentation that employs readily available Large Language Models (LLMs). Rather than just urging (academic) software developers, who are already shouldering the brunt of the work in bringing the tools and approaches to the field, to spend even more time and effort on their tools, we demonstrate that LLMs like GPT-4 can help produce (more) inclusive documentation with minimal effort. Specifically, the approach is exemplified through the documentation of the R sentitopics and cookiemonster packages. By promoting inclusive computational documentation tools, the aim is to bridge existing gaps and ensure equal opportunities for researchers in the field of social sciences, while not slowing down software development or discouraging researchers from packaging their code as tools with further demands.
Clustering Words Semantically by Graph based Version of AHC Algorithm
Authors: Jo Taeho
Published: May 2024

This article proposes the modified AHC (Agglomerative HierarchicalClustering) algorithm which clusters graphs, instead of numericalvectors, as the approach to the word clustering. The graph is moregraphical for representing a word and the synergy effect between thetext clustering and the word clustering is expected by combiningthem with each other. In this research, we propose the similaritymetric between two graphs representing words, and modify the AHCalgorithm by adopting the proposed similarity metric as the approachto the word clustering. The proposed AHC algorithm is empiricallyvalidated as the better approach in clustering words in newsarticles and opinions. In this article, a word is encoded into aweighted and undirected graph and it is represented into a list ofedges.
Proposition to explain the natural state of nature occurring at the center of black holes by introducing the first of three modifications to the field equations of the general theory of relativity.
Authors: NIPOK JM
Published: May 2024

I wish to propose three changes to the field equations of the general theory of relativity that can help explain the nature of black holes, the nature of dark energy, and the nature of dark matter. Over forty-five years of research have led me to certain conclusions about the reality of nature, and the single key to unlocking mystery after mystery is to toggle an assumption made at the very core foundations of nearly all the branches of science. When we no longer treat eternal time and infinite space as speculation and instead embrace that certainty, then by examining the implications of that premise applied to the equations of the general theory of relativity and the equations of the special theory of relativity there is a very clear image of the surrounding universe that develops.
Using Table based Version of K Nearest Neighbor for Classifying Words Semantically
Authors: Jo Taeho
Published: May 2024

This article proposes the modified KNN (K Nearest Neighbor) algorithm which receives a table as its input data and is applied to the word categorization. The motivations of this research are the successful results from applying the table based algorithms to the text categorizations in previous works and the expectation of synergy effect between the text categorization and the word categorization. In this research, we define the similarity metric between two tables representing words, modify the KNN algorithm by replacing the exiting similarity metric by the proposed one, and apply it to the word categorization. The proposed KNN is empiricallyvalidated as the better approach in categorizing words in news articles and opinions. In using the table based KNN algorithm, it is easier to trace results from categorizing words.
Connecting the Dots: Reevaluating the Dot Perspective Task
Authors: Shin Steven , Holland Catherine , Phillips Jonathan Scott
Published: May 2024

The past decade has seen increasing evidence for implicit Theory of Mind (iToM)--a proposed capacity for effortlessly and involuntarily inferring the mental states of others. The Dot Perspective Task (DPT) is perhaps the most widespread and influential task within this literature. However, a number of researchers have recently argued that the key evidence for iToM produced by the DPT arises from a confounding effect of directional cueing. This task has remained controversial, even as researchers have started to use it as a diagnostic tool for the assessment of iToM deficits. To address this ongoing debate, we collated and reanalyzed participant-level data across 39 publications and 4063 individual subjects. Our analyses suggest that the key effect observed in the Dot Perspective Task can largely be explained by attentional confounds, validating prior concerns. In its current form, this task should not be used as a way of assessing iToM.
Rising temperatures drive lower summer minimum flows across hydrologically diverse catchments
Authors: Ruzzante Sacha , Gleeson Tom
Published: May 2024

Excessively low stream flows harm ecosystems and societies, so two key goals of low-flow hydrology are to understand their drivers and to predict their severity and frequency. We show that simple linear regressions can accomplish both goals across diverse catchments. We analyse 230 unregulated moderate to high relief catchments across rainfall-dominated, hybrid, snowmelt-dominated, and glacial regimes in British Columbia, Canada, with drainage areas spanning 5 orders of magnitude from 0.5 to 55,000 km2. We find that summer low flows are decreasing in rainfall-dominated and hybrid catchments and are dominantly driven by summer precipitation and temperature, and only weakly influenced by winter storage. We apply this understanding of drivers to create regression models to predict the minimum summer flow using monthly temperature and precipitation data. These models outperform distributed process-based models for every common goodness-of-fit metric; the performance improvement is mostly a result of abandoning the requirement to simulate all parts of the annual hydrograph. We use these regression models to reconstruct streamflow droughts, environmental flow threshold transgressions, and low flow anomalies from 1901-2022. We reproduce recent drying trends in rainfall-dominated and hybrid catchments, but also show that present conditions are comparable to those seen almost one hundred years ago. However, anomalously low flows last century were caused by severe precipitation deficits while current declines are being driven by rising summer temperatures during a period of above-average precipitation.
Topology and shape optimization of 3D prestressed concrete structures
Authors: Shakur Emad , Shaked Adaya , Amir Oded
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we introduce a computational framework for optimizing 3D prestressed concrete structures. The procedure combines shape optimization of post-tensioning cables with topology optimization of concrete, enabling novel design configurations of 3D beams and plates. Prestressing cables are modeled as B-spline curves that are embedded within a concrete continuum and whose control points serve as design variables.  Concurrently, the distribution of concrete is determined by density-based topology optimization. A special filter enforces concrete cover around the cables, creating a coupling between the two sets of design variables. The optimization problem formulation mimics the design intent of prestressed concrete structures, separating the load-balancing part with respect to permanent loads from stiffness maximization with respect to live loads. Results show that material savings exceeding 30% can be achieved compared to solid prestressed members, strengthening the argument in favor of using prestressed concrete for reducing embodied CO2. The complete implementation in MATLAB is provided as supplementary material.
A practical guideline for co-creating knowledge with migrant domestic workers using the photovoice method
Authors: Liem Andrian , Utama Lingga Tri , Chen Chew Win , Bustaman Sheril Amirah
Published: May 2024

This article presents a guideline for the utilisation of the photovoice method to facilitate the collaborative generation of knowledge with migrant domestic workers (MDWs), integrating feminist participatory action research principles that promote participant involvement as knowledge co-creators. The guideline is the culmination of the authors' extensive participatory research with migrant workers, focusing on their mental health and social challenges. It provides a structured, step-by-step approach for conducting photovoice projects, from preparation to dissemination, emphasising MDWs' agency and expertise in their experiences. The guideline is designed to assist researchers, practitioners, and policymakers with essential tools for conducting research that meaningfully involves MDWs, with the goal of informing policies and interventions to enhance their lives and mental health. It is also a valuable tool for community organisations and advocacy groups seeking to use photovoice for social research and advocacy. The authors' collective experience in health research and the arts informs the guideline, ensuring a comprehensive and collaborative framework for its application.
Long-form recordings to study children’s language input and output in under-resourced contexts
Authors: Coffey Joseph , Cristia Alejandrina
Published: May 2024

A growing body of research suggests that young children’s early speech and language exposure is associated withlater language development (including delays and diagnoses), school readiness, and academic performance. The last decade has seen increasing use of child-worn devices to collect long-form audio recordings by educators, economists, and developmental psychologists. The most commonly used system for analyzing this data is LENA, which was trained on North American English child-centered data and generates estimates of children’s speech-like vocalization counts, adult word counts, and child-adult turn counts. Recently, cheaper and open-source non-LENA alternatives with multilingual training have been proposed. Both kinds of systems have been employed in under-resourced, sometimes multilingual contexts, including Africa, where access to printed or digital linguistic resources may be limited. In this paper, we describe each kind of system (LENA, non-LENA), provide information on audio data collected with them that is available for reuse, review evidence of the accuracy of extant automated analyses, andnote potential strengths and shortcomings of their use in African communities.
Housing, Socioeconomic, and Racial Data in Consistent Neighborhood Geometries for 65 Cities Mapped by the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation, 1940 – 2019
Authors: Markley Scott
Published: May 2024

This data descriptor outlines the methods used to produce historical housing, economic, and racial data at the neighborhood level for 65 urban areas that were mapped by the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC). The output data—available for download via Open Science Framework (OSF)—spans the decennial census years 1940 to 2010, plus the 2015–2019 American Community Survey (ACS), and it comes in two harmonized geographies: HOLC neighborhood boundaries and 2010 vintage census tracts. For each of the years and geographies in this dataset, the output variables include the total population, white population share, Black population share, non-white/non-Black (other) population share, total housing units, proportion of housing units that are single-family detached, proportion of housing units that are occupied, proportion of occupied housing units that are that are owner-occupied, median home value, median contract rent, and median household income. These outputs are provided in the linked OSF repository as CSV files with an accompanying GeoPackage.
Racial Appraisals by White, Black, Hispanic, and Multiracial Americans
Authors: Ghoshal Raj Andrew
Published: May 2024

Racial appraisals, defined as people’s judgments of other people’s race, influence racial inequality and discrimination, anti-discrimination efforts, and collective identity. I conduct a survey of 1,102 American adults of all races that builds on recent scholarship about how Americans assess others’ race, in two ways. First, I examine a wider range of cues for race than prior studies. I uncover novel evidence that self-identification and small group (family and intra-cultural) judgments shape appraisals, especially for Hispanic and Native American targets. I also find support for prior work showing that cues like appearance and ancestry are important signals. Second, I move beyond prior studies’ focus on White Americans’ appraisals; I examine how several different racial groups appraise race. I find some similarities but also striking differences, particularly in the wider range of experiential and small group cues that Black and Hispanic Americans use when assessing Whiteness, Blackness, and Latinidad, compared with Whites. I argue that four group-level differences in appraisal patterns uncovered here are rooted in specific aspects of America’s history of racial domination, and consider implications.
The impact of incorporating fly ash and expanded polystyrene foam (styrofoam) plastic waste aggregate on the quality of paving blocks is examined.
Authors: Reza Muhammad , Asmura Jecky , Herman Syamsu , Fermi Muhammad Iwan , Daud Syarfi , Ad Wahyu Syahlendri Is
Published: May 2024

Paving block merupakan suatu komposisi bahan bangunan yang terbuat dari campuran semen portland atau bahan perekat hidrolis lainnya, air dan agregat dengan atau tanpa bahan tambahan lainnya yang tidak mengurangi mutu beton. Styrofoam adalah material dari polistirena yang termasuk golongan plastik. Fly ash adalah Satu material yang keluar dari cerobong asap tungku pembakaran berupa debu yang sangat halus. Limbah fly ash batubara merupakan salah satu limbah sisa pembakaran batubara dari Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam industri pembangunan. Komponen utama yang terdapat dalam fly ash yaitu SiO2 dan Al2O3 sehingga ia bersifat pozzolan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pemanfaatan limbah styrofoam sebagai bahan penganti agregat pasir dan limbah fly ash batubara sebagai bahan pengganti semen dalam campuran pembuatan paving block. Kualitas paving block ditentukan dengan pengujian kuat tekan sesuai dengan mutu D. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan perbandingan campuran semen dan agregat pasir, dengan variasi styrofoam 15%, 20%, 25%, penambahan fly ash 5% dengan dimensi cetakan panjang 10 cm, lebar 10 cm, dan tinggi/tebal 5 cm. Variabel terikat yaitu nilai kuat tekan mutu D yang mengacu pada SNI 03-0691-1996. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paving block dengan pemakaian styrofoam mempengaruhi nilai kuat tekan pada variasi 15% yaitu 4,90 MPa pada penyimpanan 14 hari dan  dan 5,02 MPa pada penyimpanan 28 hari. Berdasarkan pengujian dan dibandingkan dengan SNI 03-0691-1996 paving block pada penelitian ini masih belum memenuhi baku mutu D yang ditentukan.
मोक्ष उपन्यासमा वर्गपक्षधरता
Authors: कोइराला Koirala प्रभा मरहट्टा Prabha Marahatta
Published: May 2024

२०५२ सालबाट नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी माओवादीले सुरुवात गरेको जनयुद्धलाई केन्द्रीय विषयबस्तु बनाइएका मोक्ष उपन्यासमा उत्पीडित वर्गीय विद्रोहलाई मोक्ष कि मृत्यमा आधारित बनाएर गरिएका वैचारिक सङ्घर्ष, वर्गीय द्वन्द्वका सन्दर्भ र घटनाहरू वर्णन गरिएको छ । यसमा नेपाली अर्धसामन्ती तथा अर्धपुँजीवादी समाजका विभिन्न प्रकृतिका विभेद, हिंसा, दलन र शोषणबाट मोक्ष वा मुक्तिको खाजी गर्दै वर्गीय सङ्घर्षमा आवद्ध भएका पात्रहरू प्रयोग गरी सामाजिक, आर्थिक तथा राजनीतिक अन्तरविरोधहरू सशक्त रूपमा चित्रण गरिएको छ । उपन्यास विधामा अझै स्पष्टसँग वर्गचेतना, वर्गसङ्घर्ष तथा वर्गपक्षधरता चित्रण गरिएको हुन्छ । उपन्यासमा वर्गचेतना तथा वर्गपक्षधरता प्रस्तुत गर्ने माध्यम नै पात्रहरू हुन् । माक्र्सवादी साहित्यमा श्रमजीवी तथा सर्वहारा वर्गीय पक्षधरता हुन्छ । पात्रहरूमा देखिएको वर्गीय सचेतना तथा वर्गीय पक्षधरताले वर्गीय उत्थानका निम्ति वैचारिक अन्तर्विरोध तथा द्वन्द्वको स्थिति निर्माण गर्छ । यस लेखमा माक्र्सवादी द्वन्द्वात्मक भौतिकवादी दृष्टिकोणअनुसार मोक्ष उपन्यासका पात्रहरूमा रहेको वर्गचेतनाले निमार्ण गरेको वैचारिक पक्षधरता तथा वर्गीय पक्षधरताको अभिव्यक्ति केकस्तो रहेको छ भन्ने प्राज्ञिक जिज्ञाशा समाधान गर्नु नै मुख्य उद्देश्य राखिएको छ । यसर्थ यस्तो अध्ययन गुणात्मक प्रकृतिको हुने हुँदा पुस्तकालयीय विधिको उपयोग गरी अध्ययन र विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यस अध्ययनबाट उपन्यासमा मूलभूत रूपमा उत्पीडित वर्गीय गरिब, निमुखा, दलित, श्रमजीवी तथा सर्वहारा पक्षीय सशक्त वैचारिक पक्षधरता, वैचारिक प्रतिरोध तथा द्वन्द्व रहेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । उपन्यासमा जनयुद्धमा प्रत्यक्ष रूपमा सहभागी भएका निम्नवर्गीय छापामारहरू, जनयोद्धाहरू र वर्ग दुश्मनबाट नयाँ चिन्तन तथा आदर्श सुरुवात हुनासाथ दमन गरिहाल्नुपर्छ भन्ने पुँजीवादी –सामन्ती राज्यसत्ताका संयन्त्रका मतियारहरूका बिचमा सशस्त्र वर्गीय सङ्घर्ष भएका घटनाहरू संस्मरणात्मक शैलीमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । उपन्यासमा प्रायः निम्नवर्गीय शोषित, उत्पीडित पात्रहरू सङ्गठित रूपमा वैचारिक तथा वर्गीय पक्षधरताका साथ सशक्त विद्रोह तथा प्रतिरोधमा उत्रिएका छन् । यस लेखमा आमूल परिवर्तनको खोजीमा क्रान्ति यात्रामा लागेका वर्गीय पात्रहरू प्रयोग गरी समतामूलक तथा न्यायमूलक समाज निर्माणका लागि अझै क्रान्तिकारी अभियान चलाउनु पर्ने रहस्य उद्घाटन यस उपन्यासले गरेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
Global Warming and Biodiversity Conservation Adaptation Technique in Khageri Watershed, Chitwan
Authors: Regmi Prakash
Published: May 2024

This paper analyzes the land use and land suitability analysis of Khageri watershed in Chitwan. Nepal has been experienced water scarcity in dry season and flood inundation in monsoon. Khageri watershed is the source of water for west Chitwan irrigation and it also this area is rich biodiversity area. This area covered 67.2 percent of jungle in 2024 and that was 74.5 percent in 1999. The study utilized secondary map data sources like Google Earth Pro, USGS, FAO, and ARCMAP 10.8., and eight parameters were used to analyze land suitability analysis. There were 219 small locations found suitable for water harvest areas. Out of which, ten majors’ locations have been chosen and further analysis with 5-meter earth dams assumed and they were extended. The extended ten locations cover 712 hectors of land, and they can harvest 24,760,930 cubic meters of water.
द्रौपदी अवशेष उपन्यासमा सांस्कृतिकता
Authors: गैरे Gairhe शंकरप्रसाद Shankarprasad
Published: May 2024

प्रस्तुत समीक्षात्मक लेखमा नीलम कार्की निहारिकाद्वारा लेखिएको द्रौपदी अवशेष उपन्यासको विश्लेषणात्मक अध्ययन गरिएको छ । नेपाली आख्यान साहित्यमा विशिष्ट पहिचान बनाएकी कार्कीको प्रस्तुत उपन्यासलाई सांस्कृति उपन्यास मानिएको पाइन्छ । संस्कृति मानव समाजको जन्मदेखि मृत्युपर्यन्त हरेक समयमा उनीहरूले आफ्नो परिचयलाई झल्काउनेगरी गर्ने स्थानिक, जातिविशेष, लिङ्गविशेष, पेसाविशेष वा यस्तै विशिष्ट पहिचान झल्काउने चलन हो । साहित्यिक कृतिहरूले जीवनजगतका अन्य विभिन्न विषय अवस्थाका साथै त्यस कृतिले प्रस्तुत गरेको पात्रविशेषका स्थानको चालचलन, रीतिरिवाज, संस्कार आदिलाई पनि प्रस्तुत गर्ने हुनाले साहित्यको अध्ययन गर्ने क्रममा त्यसको संस्कृतिपक्षको पनि अध्ययन हुनुपर्ने मान्यता पछिल्लो समयमा विकसित भएको देखिन्छ । त्यस प्रकारको मान्यतामा आधारित सिद्धान्तलाई उत्तरआधुनिक समालोचनाले सांस्कृतिक समालोचनाका रूपमा विकसित गरेको पाइन्छ, जसले साहित्यिक कृतिमा अभिव्यक्त संस्कृतिको अध्ययन गर्दछ । नीलम कार्की निहारिकाले आफ्नो चौथो उपन्यास द्रौपदी अवशेषमा नेपालको हुम्ला जिल्लाको एउटा गाउँमा मूलतः बहुपति प्रथाको रूपमा रहेको संस्कृतिलाई विषय बनाएर त्यसलाई नै प्रस्तुत गर्ने मुख्य उद्देश्यका साथ यो उपन्यासको निर्माण गरेको देखिन्छ । मूलतः वैवाहिक सन्दर्भको संस्कृतिलाई प्रस्तुत गर्ने उद्देश्यले लेखिएको भए पनि वैवाहिक जीवनसँग जोडिएका र कतिपय नजोडिएका अन्य सांस्कृतिक पक्षहरूलाई पनि उठाएको देखिन्छ । प्रस्तुत उपन्यास सांस्कृतिक विषयको उठानका दृष्टिले महत्वपूर्ण रहेको हुँदा उपन्यायमा संस्कृतिको पक्षलाई केकसरी उठाइएको छ? भन्ने समस्यामूलक प्रश्नमा केन्द्रित रहेर द्वितीय स्रोत सामग्रीको प्रयोग गरेर गुणात्मक अध्ययन अन्तर्गत विश्लेषणात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरी कृतिको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । उपन्यासमा प्रस्तुत भएका सांस्कृतिक विषयका विभिन्न पक्षलाई सूक्ष्म रूपले अध्ययन गरी प्रस्तुत उपन्यास सांस्कृतिक उपन्यासको रूपमा महत्वपूर्ण रहेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
‘सिडनीकी सानुमाया’ कथामा डायस्पोरा
Authors: पन्थ Pantha टंकप्रसाद Tankaprasad
Published: May 2024

नेपाली समाजमा बढ्दो रूपमा रहेको विदेश पलायनले मानिसको सोच र व्यवहारमा ज्यादै प्रभाव पारेको पाइन्छ । नेपाली नागरिकहरूले विदेशमा भोगेका यथार्थ समस्यालाई प्रकाश पार्न डायस्पोराको सैद्धान्तिक मान्यतालाई उपयोग गरी विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यसका लागि लेखक भागवत खनालको बाबा मेरो पीआर आयो कथाभित्रको ‘सिडनीकी सानुमाया’ कथालाई छनोट गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत लेखमा आवश्यक सामग्री प्रथम र द्वितीयक स्रोतबाट लिइएको छ । प्राथमिक तथा द्वितीयक सामग्रीको उपयोग गरी डायस्पोरिक अवधारणालाई प्रकाश पारी विश्लेष्य कथामा प्रस्तुत डायस्पोरालाई खोजी गर्ने काम यस लेखमा गरिएको छ । खनालको उक्त कथामा विदेशमा बस्ने नेपालीले भोगेका वास्तविक समस्यालाई प्रकाश पारिएको छ । वर्तमान नेपाली समाजको जल्दोबल्दो समस्यालाई कथामा उठान गरिएको पाइन्छ । उक्त कथालाई डायस्पोरिक चेतनाका आधारबाट विश्लेषण गर्ने काम यस लेखमा गरिएको छ । कृतिको अर्थापनका लागि सघन पाठविश्लेषण विधिअनुसार गुणात्मक प्रकृतिको अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरी स्थापित सिद्धान्तका आधारमा परिणाम निकालिएकाले यो अध्ययन गुणात्मक प्रकृतिको रहेको छ । ‘सिडनीकी सानुमाया’ कथामा डायस्पोरिक प्रवृत्ति के कसरी प्रयोग भएको छ ? भन्ने मुख्य समस्यामूलक प्रश्नमा केन्द्रित रही डायस्पोराको सैद्धान्तिक पर्याधारका सापेक्षमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । विश्लेष्य कथाको विषयवस्तु र पात्रले भोगेको पराई देशको यथार्थ अवस्था र सामाजिक सांस्कृतिक रूपमा देखेको भिन्नता भोग्नुपरेको सङ्घर्षका साथमा डायस्पोरा सशक्त रहेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।