bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Echoes in the Bone: Nelisiwe Xaba’s Sakhozi Says “Non” to the Venus and the Capture of Performance’s Immaterial Remains
Authors: Zondi Mlondolozi
Published: June 2024

If it is true that performance remains, what do we make of these remains when subsumed into the house of culture such as the museum? Beyond reiterating the storied debates about the ontology of performance as (either) disappearing and/or remaining, I maintain, through a reading of Nelisiwe Xaba’s dance work entitled Sakhozi Says “Non” to the Venus (2010)that the machinations of antiblack capitalism co-opt all sides of the debate. In this case, an argument previously made about performance ephemera’s resistance of capital now endows capital. That is, while those non-reproductive and immaterial aspects of performance may have promised a way out of capture, it is precisely that refusal which becomes attractive for institutional possession and co-optation. Both the non-reproductive and reproductive accounts of performance’s ontology are susceptible to capture. I focus on dance performance to present a broader understanding of what counts as (immaterial) remains in performance theory and archival studies. This is also to draw attention to the renewed mode of salvaging ownership of repatriated African objects by inviting African performers to surrogate, or act as substitutes for those remains/materials and in the process, restoring white psychic rehabilitation and redeeming enduring European colonial violence.
Investigating the Inhibitory Mechanism of para-Sulfonato-calix[4]arenes against Polymerase and Helicase of SARS-CoV-2: Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation Studies
Authors: Khan Khalid , Rahman Habib , Shah Tanzeel , Rashid Haroon ur , Ahmad Nasir , Muhammad Akhtar , Umar Muhammad Naveed , Gulfam Naila , Zahoor Muhammad , Ullah Riaz , Ali Essam
Published: June 2024

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has had a profound impact on global health and socio-economic conditions. To date, various vaccines have been administered worldwide in an effort to curb the spread of the virus. Despite vaccination efforts, there have been complications. Existing antiviral drugs have shown limited effectiveness, prompting the use of computational methods to understand the dynamics of the virus and develop suitable treatments. The current study focuses on using biocompatible para-sulfonato-calix[4]arenes to dock against two key proteins of SARS-CoV-2, namely ribonucleic acid (RNA)-dependent RNA polymerase, and helicase. Docking results indicate a strong binding affinity of these compounds to the target proteins, with higher scores compared to commonly used medications. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation validates the docking results, showing stable protein-ligand complexes over time. The compounds are also screened for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties and toxicity, suggesting their potential as lead candidates for inhibiting the virus’s key proteins. However, further in vivo and in vitro studies are recommended to confirm these findings.
Desarrollo de la memoria de trabajo en la competencia escrita bilingüe
Authors: Restrepo Zapata Carlos Andrés , García Botero Jacqueline , Loaiza Villalba Neira
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo de revisión realizado a través de la metodología Prisma tuvo como objetivo principal revisar las tendencias investigativas en el campo de la memoria de trabajo y su relación con la competencia escrita bilingüe. Teniendo en cuenta las bases de datos EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, y algunos criterios de inclusión para la revisión sistemática tales como el contexto universitario, el periodo de publicación de los estudios (2008-2021), y la lengua estudiada (Español e inglés), entre otros, fue posible la identificación, evaluación y análisis de estudios que centraron su atención en la memoria de trabajo y su relación con la competencia escrita bilingüe. De modo general, se puede observar que el 100% de los estudios se encuentran en síntesis cuantitativa, y que la tendencia investigativa en este campo en Latinoamérica es menor que en países europeos, asiáticos y africanos. De igual manera, la mayoría de los estudios concluyen que la memoria de trabajo afecta positivamente la escritura bilingüe y que los docentes deberían incluir propuestas pedagógicas que ayuden a fomentar este tipo de memoria en las aulas de clases para un mayor desarrollo en los procesos bilingües.
Algunas disrupciones escriturales entre relato como práctica letrada y revisión entre pares
Authors: Zuleta Arango Hilda Yaneth , Alzate Alzate Natalia Andrea , Londoño Vásquez David Alberto
Published: June 2024

Este artículo de revisión presenta los aportes conceptuales de investigaciones académicas internacionales y locales en torno al relato, las prácticas letradas y la revisión entre pares; apunta a la identificación de las posibles disrupciones entre ellas y algunos puntos de encuentro entre dichas categorías. Para la búsqueda, se realizó una exploración bibliográfica de tipo cualitativo y un análisis hermenéutico, de tipo descriptivo. El material se conformó con las publicaciones que emergieron de investigaciones entre 2016 y 2022, halladas en Dialnet, Scielo y EBSCO. La sistematización y análisis del material se hizo por medio de una rúbrica de triple entrada validada por expertos. Las disrupciones identificadas se ubicaron desde la perspectiva sociocultural de la escritura escolar que demarcaron tensiones y puntos de encuentro teóricos y prácticos.
DYNAMICS OF CHEMATOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND CYTOGENETIC CHANGES AND NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN PRIMATES IRRADIATED WITH HIGH-ENERGY KRYPTON IONS
Authors:   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Koshlan N.A. , Isakova M.D. ,   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Koshlan I.V. ,   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Melnikova Yu.V. ,   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Beliaeva A.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shtemberg A.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shamsutdinova O.A. ,   National Research Center «Kurchatov’ Institute» – Research Institute of Medical Primatology, Sochi, Mukhametzianova Е.I. ,   National Research Center «Kurchatov’ Institute» – Research Institute of Medical Primatology, Sochi, Gvaramiya I.А. I.А. ,   National Research Center «Kurchatov’ Institute» – Research Institute of Medical Primatology, Sochi, Klots I.N. ,   National Research Center «Kurchatov’ Institute» – Research Institute of Medical Primatology, Sochi
Published: June 2024

The delayed effects of high-energy krypton on neurological manifestations, biochemical, hematological and cytogenetic indices were investigated with primates as a model. Several primates developed distinct neurological reactions. Dynamics of several biochemical and hematological indices correlated with the neurological reactions. In this case, some biochemical and hematological indices deviated from the physiological norm. In primates that had no neurological reactions these changes were less evident. The data can be considered as a prerequisite for research and development of a system of protecting cosmonaut's organism against the effects of galactic cosmic radiation.
INDIVIDUAL TRAITS AND FACTORS OF SUCCESSFUL ADAPTATION TO A TWO-WEEK ISOLATION MODELING A MISSION ON THE MOON
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Savinkina А.О. , Shved D.M. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Lebedeva S.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Vinokhodova А.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kuznetsova P.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Gushchin V.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: June 2024

The investigation is analysis of psychological adaptation to an experimental isolation modeling a short-term space exploration mission. Project Eskiz (Sketch) was designed as a 14-d isolation of 4 male and 2 female subjects in a small chamber including exits on a Lunar surface on days 8 and 9. Dynamics of adaptation to the psychological stress in isolation was analyzed by 4 subsyndromes. For all crewmembers particularly stressful were the first 4 days of isolation, and EVA days. Three coping strategies were stable (reliable), situational (unstable) and asthenic (unbalanced). The favorable factors included previous experience, high motivation, goal-based cohesion of the crew and cultural commonality. Results of the investigation can be of practical implication in optimization of the methods of selection, preparation and consulting spacecrew members in future missions.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HUMAN CIRCULATION REACTION TO NEGATIVE PRESSURE BREATHING IN VARIOUS BODY POSITIONS AND DURING DRY IMMERSION
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Semenov Yu.S. , Popova J.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Gorbunova А.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Eryukova Т.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Dyachenko А.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Suvorov A.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: June 2024

Negative pressure breathing (NPB) is respiration during which different devices are used to generate a mean pressure level in airways over breathing cycle less than pressure the thorax is exposed to. One of the options is NPB on the phase of inspiration (NPBin). In 1990s, NPB and NPBin were proposed as a method to prevent the undesirable body liquids shifting towards to cranium in piloted space flights. In clinical practice, NPBin is used for resuscitation and central hemodynamics management after severe hemorrhage. The paper discusses the significance of body positioning for the NPBin physiological effects and compares with the results of NPBin application during dry immersion (DI). The investigation was focused on NPBin-induced changes of central hemodynamics and redistribution of the body liquids in different parts of the body. It was found that NPBin raises amplitudes of the physiological parameters oscillations synchronous with breathing, and that DI and body positioning influence the reactions to NPBin by altering these amplitudes primarily. These observations permit extrapolations of the results of NPBin tests with supine subjects on a broad variety of experimental conditions.
METABOLIC REACTIONS OF HEALTHY HUMAN ORGANISM IN DYNAMIS OF THE SIRIUS-21 STUDY
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Zhuravleva О.А. , Markin А.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Serova A.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kuzichkin A.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Zhuravleva T.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Vostrikova L.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Loguinov V.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Smirnova Т.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: June 2024

The SIRIUS-21 study was designed as a 240-day isolation of healthy volunteers in controlled environment simulating a piloted mission to the Moon including operator's activities in lunar orbit and on the surface. The investigation involved an international crew of two women and 3 men at the age of 29 to 44 years. The object was metabolic reactions of healthy bodies to the simulated conditions. Crew members demonstrated a moderate stress reaction characterized by inhibition of the gastrointestinal tract secretory activity, reduction of glycolysis intensity, persistent hypercalcemia, a more intensive creatine kinase system functioning as a buffer, deficit of macroergic compounds, magnesium and essential microelements. On day 7 post isolation, the stress symptoms showed a partial leveling. Hard physical training had both the positive and negative effects on metabolism dynamics. The preventive purpose of training was to normalize the content of essential microelements in blood and suppress atherogenesis; however, training had also the negative effect of inducing hypohydration. In future isolation studies it would be appropriate to optimize training protocols and enhance the program of countermeasures to the negative effects of simulated factors.
DYNAMICS OF PARAMETERS OF THE HUMAN HEARING ORGAN FUNCTIONING AND ENT MICROFLORA DURING GROUND-BASED SIMULATION OF THE EFFECTS OF MICROGRAVITY
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Pasekova O.B. , Sigaleva Е.Ed. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Matsnev Ed.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Marchenko L.Yu. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Ivanov K.P. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Sigaleva Т.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Ilyin V.K. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Morozova Yu.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Tomilovskaya E.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: June 2024

Functioning of hearing organs and ENT microflora composition were investigated in 10 healthy male subjects (25–36 y.o.) who volunteered for a 7-day dry immersion as a model of the physiological effects of microgravity. The functional state of the hearing organs was assessed with the registration of distortion product oto-acoustic emission (DPOAE), and tympanometry. Specifically, assessed were the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the oto-acoustic response (dB), middle ear pressure (daPa) and tympanogram maximal compliance (ml). To identify and count ENT microbial cultures, samples were gathered from the nasal and pharyngeal membranes and external skin of the auditory meatus. The eubiotic index was used to detect changes in the microflora composition. Changes in the hearing organ functioning included a SNR decrease in DPOAE of the low-frequency band (p ≤ 0.05), increase of the middle ear pressure (p ≤ 0.05) and an obvious downward trend of the maximal compliance. Dynamic microbiocenosis assessment discovered several negative changes such as a reduction in the number of protective microorganisms and growth of the number of opportunistic groups. The eubiotic index value was below one. These changes demonstrate a potential negative effect of modeled microgravity on the ENT microflora functioning and composition. Methods of dynamic assessment and control of the hearing organ and ENT microbiocenosis would be appropriate for use in monitoring of cosmonauts' health.
CHANGES IN SARCOLEMMAL CAVEOLIN-3 AS A RESULT OF THE CERAMIDE-ASSOCIATED EFFECTS OF ACID SPHINGOMYELINASE AT A 14-DAY FUNCTIONAL UNLOADING OF RAT'S SOLEUS MUSCLE
Authors:   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Sekunov A.V. , Protopopov V.A. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Bryndina I.G. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy
Published: June 2024

It is well known that functional unloading leads to a number of complex changes in the lipid-protein structural components in the sarcolemmal compartment of postural muscles' fibers. Among these changes are an increase of the sarcolemmal ceramide content, loss in cholesterol density in the lipid rafts fraction, a decrease of membrane sphingomyelin as a result of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activation and enhanced hydrolysis of sphingomyelin. These changes may underlie damages and primary elimination of damaged parts of muscle fibers' plasma membrane. Secondary reparation of sarcolemma depends on reorganization of the subsarcolemmal cytoskeleton. It appears to be exocytosis of caveolin-enriched vesicles in response to the growth of ASM dependent hydrolysis in the plasma membrane of muscle fibers. In our study, immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blot analysis were used to investigate ceramide and caveolin-3 changes in the sarcolemmal compartment of muscle fibers and total m. soleus from rats subjected to 14-d hindlimb unloading or unloading with administration of ASM inhibitor amitriptyline. In addition, muscle preparations with added exogenous sphingomyelinase were subjected to ex vivo analysis of ceramide and caveolin-3 immunofluorescence. The 14-d unloading led to the growth of ceramide and caveolin-3 immunofluorescence on muscle sections. Ex vivo analysis also demonstrated a significant increase of ceramide and caveolin-3 content in muscle fibers exposed to exogenous sphingomyelinase. The increase of caveolin-3 sarcolemmal density was confirmed by Western blot assay which indicated the growth of its amount in isolated sarcolemmal fraction. These changes were not observed in total homogenates of the unloaded m. soleus. Thus, functional unloading of the postural muscle leads to the accumulation of ceramide in the plasma membrane of muscle fibers and an increase in the level of membrane caveolin-3.
La base de datos de movimiento fuerte del Centro Sismológico Nacional
Authors: Leyton Felipe , García Bruno
Published: June 2024

Desde su creación en 2012, el Centro Sismológico Nacional de la Universidad de Chile ha administrado las redessismológicas que monitorean la sismicidad en Chile. Parte de ella, lo componen más de 400 acelerómetros, algunosde ellos grabando en continuo y otros con gatillo. De esta extensa red, se ha recolectado registros para más de 3000eventos chilenos. Estos registros presentan una invaluable herramienta para el conocimiento de la sismicidad en Chiley el comportamiento de los suelos en ciudades y localidades chilenas. En este trabajo se muestran algunas herramientaspara el uso de esta extensa base de datos, junto con algunas características que facilitan su uso. Ello abre una puerta deacceso a toda la comunidad para que se nutra de estos datos.
Organizational and Strategic Problems of the Muslim Brotherhood Movement After the Military Coup in Egypt in 2013
Authors:   African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Olga Vladimirovna Karpacheva
Published: June 2024

The author considers the activities and the organizational structure of the Muslim Brother-hood international religious and political association in the period from 2013 to 2021. The relevance of this issue is due to the difficult political situation in the countries of North Africa and the signifi-cance of one of the oldest opposition movements in Egypt with a large number of adherents in the Middle East for the socio-political life of the country. The author consistently describes the events, starting with the military coup of 2013, after which the organization was recognized as a terrorist one and banned, and up to the open conflict and the change of leadership of the movement in the 2020s. She identifies the structural problems that led to the crisis of the association and notes the main external and internal reasons for the split within the movement and a significant decrease in its influence on the public, especially on young people. The author outlines the prospects for the activities of opposition parties in Egypt and makes forecasts regarding the future of the Muslim Brotherhood, taking into account the current political course of Egypt and the trends in the devel-opment of the conflict in the leadership of the movement. Proceeding from the analysis, the author proposes the following ways to prevent the collapse of the organization: uniting the association un-der one leader, taking the initiative to release political prisoners, strengthening international rela-tions, active work with young people and the improvement of the movement’s reputation.
On the Problem of Narratives and Counter-Narratives in the Activities of Hizb ut-Tahrir International Islamist Movement
Authors:   Minsk Innovation University, Ekaterina Kuz'minichna Ageenkova
Published: June 2024

The dissemination of extremist narratives as well as the propaganda of violence and terrorist ideology summon experts to take urgent measures in order to nullify their effects in the contempo-rary society. Purposefully created counter-narratives and the forms of their implementation are pro-posed as a way to weaken extremist content. The author analyzes the problems in assessing the ex-tremist potential of Hizb ut-Tahrir movement and suggests a counter-narrative analysis of their vid-eos as a methodological tool for determining the capabilities of Hizb ut-Tahrir’s radicalization. The videos call for the abolition of the existing world order and replacing it with the organizational prin-ciples adopted in Islam. The author concludes that the propaganda of Hizb ut-Tahrir, despite the statements about the peaceful nature of its activities, poses a threat to the modern world. The analy-sis of discussion materials on the effectiveness of using the counter-narrative as a tool to counter terrorist ideology is also presented.
The Main Fields and Features of Charitable Activities by Representatives of the Muslim Clergy of Kazan and Simbirsk Provinces in the Late 19th – Early 20th Centuries
Authors:   Institute of International Relations of Kazan Federal University, Rashid Ilyazovich Amishov ,   Kazan Cooperative Institute of the Russian University of Cooperation, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the main fields and features of charitable activities by some Muslim spiritual persons in Kazan and Simbirsk provinces in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. On the basis of Tatar periodicals, archival materials, notes of pre-revolutionary authors and research papers, the events of that time are reconstructed, real-world examples of large-scale activities carried out by individual representatives of the Muslim clergy are given. The author examines their ideological work, the participation in mosques, maktabs and madrasas construction, conducting various public events, developing a system of religious education, helping the state during famine and wars, working with merchants and wealthy citizens, their appeals on the pages of periodicals and creating charities. The author also describes charitable work of the most active mullahs. At the same time, the author admits that it is impossible to extrapolate the charitable assistance provided by individual imams and religious functionaries to all Muslim clergy, due to the absense of supporting materials. Nevertheless, the charity provided by individual representatives of the Muslim clergy was quite significant for the society and the state.
The Muslim Issue in the Steppe Region as Presented by the Kazak and the Kolokol Newspapers (1913–1914)
Authors:   Kazan State Institute of Culture, Dilyara Shamilevna Muftakhutdinova
Published: June 2024

The relevance of the issue under study is due to the interest in the problem of the confessional policy of the Russian state in the eastern outskirts of the empire. The article is aimed at revealing the positions of the liberal Tatar and Kazakh intelligentsia in defending ethno-confessional interests on the eve of the First World War. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article were the conceptual provisions of academic research in the field of state-confessional relations in the Asian outskirts of the Russian Empire. The author applied the historical-systemic method that allows to consider the problem under study in chronological and systemic relationships with ethnic, confessional and political chal-lenges faced by the Turkic peoples in the early twentieth century. The study made it possible to identify ways to solve the ethno-confessional problems of the Tatars and the Kazakhs proposed by the Russian state officials, as well as by the Muslim intelligentsia of the Turkic-Muslim peoples during the prepara-tion and work of the 4th Muslim Congress held from July 15 to July 25, 1914 in St. Petersburg.
Lying as Viewed by Islamic Rational Theology
Authors:   Dagestan State Medical University, Telman Emiralievich Kafarov
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the topical problem of the legitimacy and moral justification of lying and deception in Islam and other faiths. It is shown that, on the one hand, all faiths unequivocally define God as the bearer and exponent of goodness and truth, while evil has a human dimension and is a result of the deeds of Satan (Iblis), who leads people astray from the true path, predetermined by the Holy Spripture. On the other hand, the Kantian formula of the categorial imperative, whose core is the pro-hibition of lying, cannot satisfy religious theodicy, anthropology and, most importantly, practice. The latter has long used lies for many humanitarian, medical-biological, psychological, educational and oth-er reasons, including in the name of salvation. It is emphasized that the Qur'an and the Sunnah, adat and Sharia strictly limit the use of lies and deseption, endorsing it only in isolated, private, and excep-tional cases. By giving certain confessional “sanctions” for the use of lying in some cases, Islam once again proves that it is not only a speculative structure and form of worldview, but also a practical, vital attitude, a unity of theory and practice.
A Selection of Gemstones: Elements of Akbarian Cosmology
Authors:   Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communications, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Spyridon Melas
Published: June 2024

The author notes that the Sufi theological tradition of Akbariya was formed on the basis of the works by Muhyiddin ibn Arabi. Part of this tradition is the doctrine of the nature of the world and its creation, i.e. cosmology. The purpose of the article is to reveal some elements of Akbarian cosmology. The semantic content of the concepts of Akbarian cosmology, creation and approved incarnations is determined. The author maintains that, although things exist eternally, from time immemorial and without beginning in divine knowledge precisely in the form of approved incarnations, at the same time they do not exist. The shortcomings of the (neo)platonic interpretation of the approved incarnations are demonstrated. The difference between Akbariya and the Academy of Plato lies in the fact that the teaching of the first concerns a person and his heart as an organ of self-integrity and connection with God, while the teaching of the second concerns the rational part of the soul. Also, several aspects of the cosmological concept of the Divine Names are revealed, the problem of the pantheistic interpretation of this theory is discussed and it is proved that it is not justified by the texts of Ibn Arabi. The cosmologi-cal meaning of the image of the mirror and the epistemological meaning of the image of “the silence of those who know” are also revealed. The last “gem” – the Perfect Man – is the beginning, the end and the preservation of creation. Various aspects of the concept of the Perfect Man (ethical and cosmologi-cal), its identification with Adam, with humanity in general and with Muhammad (the reality of Mu-hammad) are considered, the question of the “hypostasy” of the Perfect Man is identified and discussed
Review of the book “The History of Islam in Russia” (edited by R.M. Mukhametshin. – Kirov, 2022. – 616 p.)
Authors:   The Center for Islamic Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, Daniyar Rustamovich Gilmutdinov
Published: June 2024

The review presents an analysis of the conceptual framework of the collective monograph “His-tory of Islam in Russia” in a comparative dimension with similar recently published works. Along with the strong aspects of the monograph (the quality of the material and printing, the peculiarities of the historical view of the authors, the integrity of the general idea), some shortcomings are also highlight-ed. The reliance on the Soviet historical and religious school and its representatives turned into a substi-tution of the history of Islam for a demonstration of the political history of the Muslim peoples of Rus-sia. Descriptiveness, dryness and amorphousness of style instead of focusing on source specificity and unchanging spirituality have somewhat devalued the presented material. Despite the shortcomings, this edition is a serious and useful work for different categories of readers. The monograph is supplemented with a serious bibliographic apparatus, provided with illustrations and a summary in English and Ara-bic.
The Role of Islamic Factor in Turkey's Foreign Policy in Central Asia
Authors:   Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Elena Gennadievna Garbuzarova
Published: June 2024

The article examines the religious component of Turkey's foreign policy strategy in the countries of Central Asia. Relying on a common Islamic identity with the Turkic republics, Ankara seeks to re-shape the geopolitical space of this strategically important region in its own interests. Back in the 90s, Turkey successfully managed to promote its version of moderate Islam in the countries of Cen-tral Asia, using state and non-state religious structures for this purpose. For official Ankara, Islam has become a tool for spreading the ideas of pan-Turkism as evidenced by the official discourse of top state officials and the activities of Turkish religious movements. The Islamization of Turkey's domestic policy under the current political leadership determines the religious and ideological con-tours of the country’s foreign policy. The authorities are intensifying the Islamic discourse position-ing Turkey as the center of the Muslim world. In the Muslim countries of Central Asia, Ankara as-pires to achieve Islamic and Turkic solidarity simultaneously, using the tools of “soft power” con-trolled by the state such as Dianet and the Turkish Religious Foundation. Despite the closure (ex-cept for Kyrgyzstan) of a network of educational institutions funded by the popular preacher F. Gulen, his followers managed to create a positive image of Turkey among the population of Central Asian countries. In the context of the world order transformation, Turkey will strengthen the ideo-logical and religious orientation of its foreign policy in the Central Asia which in the future may allow Ankara to increase its importance in a changing world.
Images of Islamic Education: Narratives of Hidden Potential
Authors:   Centre for Postnormal Policy and Futures Studies, Yelena Valentinovna Muzykina
Published: June 2024

The foundation of the image-of-the-future concept goes back to Fred Polak, a Dutch founding father of futures studies. He defined such an image as a fantasy about the future, considered “the Other”, the world fundamentally different from the real one. Evaluating the images of the future (hereafter ‘the images’) as an object of research, Polak also considered it as a statement of the problem. Study-ing the images allows us to trace the values and anticipations of individual social groups and society as a whole and see the emerging priorities for its further development. Also, the images are the bear-ers of weak signals, which are essential for successfully building the process of medium- and long-term plans. Therefore, the paper presents the results of the research, whose main objective was to study images of Islamic education in Kazakhstan among young imams studying at a specialized Islamic educational institution. Firstly, the author describes the methodology of futures studies that was applied and included, among other things, the reconstruction of the present image that served as a starting point for the next step. After that, the results and the gallery of the chosen images with their original descriptions is presented. And finally, the author identifies those weak signals that can play a critical role in strategy building of further development of Islamic education in the Republic.
Modern Practices of Commemoration and Mourning in the Funeral Rites of Gumbet Avars: Islamic and Non-Islamic Components
Authors:   Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of Dagestan Federal Research  Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ruslan Ibragimovich Seferbekov ,   North Caucasian Institute (branch) of the All-Russian University of Justice (RPA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia), Surkhay Magomedovich Galbacev
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of Islamic component in the elements of funeral and memorial rituals with one of the sub-ethnic groups of the Avar – Gumbet Avars. Based on the field ethno-graphic material collected in the villages of Gumbetovsky district of Dagestan applying the methods of historical (historical-genetic, comparative-historical, historical-typological, retrospective) and eth-nological studies (survey, individual and collective interviewing of respondents, par-ticipant observa-tion), commemoration and mourning rituals are studied as forms of expressing grief. As the field material showed, the funeral and memorial rites of Gumbet Avars demonstrate their ideas of the posthumous reincarnation of the soul, the other world, the connection between the living and the dead, honoring the souls of the dead, caring for them. An analysis of the commemoration and mourning rites has demonstrated both their common features and local diversity, the stability of tra-ditional beliefs and a growing influence of Islam since the early 1990s of the 20th century. In differ-ent villages of Gumbetovsky district, commemorations are held on various days fixed by tradition, as well as on the anniversary day after the death of a person. Ta'ziya, dhikr and sadaqa (alms-giving) make their Islamic component. The remaining funeral rites are manifestations of so-called “domestic Islam”. The reflexes of mourning are growing beards by men for a certain period, while women wear dark-colored clothes for a year. Widows observed the iddah period and usually did not marry after it. Observance of the iddah period can be considered an Islamic component in mourning customs, while the rest belong to traditional rituals. This confirms the syncretic nature of the funeral and memorial rites of Gumbet Avars with the dominant Islamic religious canons and relics of traditional beliefs. Despite the strengthening of the positions of Islam, traditional beliefs remain and this is one of the paradoxes of the zone of local civilizations, such as Dagestan and the North Caucasus.
Imam Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi in Wafiyyat al-Aslaf Biographical Dictionary by Shihab al-Din al-Marjani
Authors:   Russian Islamic Institute, Damir Adgamovich Shagaviev ,   Bolgar Islamic Academy
Published: June 2024

This article is a study of a text fragment from the Arabic manuscript “Wafiyyat al-Aslaf” from the heritage of the 19th-century Tatar theologian and historian Shihab al-Din al-Marjani (Shigabutdin Marjani). The fragment is dedicated to the biography of the Sunni Imam Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi (d. in 429 H./1037 A.D.), known as the author of the book “Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq” (“The difference between religious groups”), one of the classics on Islamic doxography. The manuscript from the col-lection of the scientific library of Kazan Federal University was used to restore the Arabic text of al-Baghdadi's biography in modern orthography, which was then translated into Russian with com-ments and a brief theological analysis. Shihab al-din al-Marjani does not just convey information about the medieval theologian, but expresses his critical opinion regarding al-Baghdadi's works.
Sheikh Sayfullah-Qadi Bashlarov’s Letters from the Private Collection of Mufti Gabdurakhman Rasuli: Historical and Source Aspects in the Context of Spiritual Connection of Sufi Sheikhs of the North-Eastern Caucasus and the Volga-Ural Region at the Turn of the 19th – 20th Centuries
Authors:   Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Magomed Gadzhievich Shekhmagomedov ,   Institute of International Relations of Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Magomed Khalitovich Khairulayev
Published: June 2024

This study is a brief source analysis of a previously unknown collection of letters in Arabic addressed by Dagestani Sheikh Sayfullah-Qadi Bashlarov to his spiritual mentor Sheikh Zainullah ash-Sharifi (Rasulev). The letters were discovered in the manuscript collection of Sayfullah-Qadi Bashlarov’s successor (mazun) the Sufi sheikh Hassan-hilmi al-Kakhi. At request of Gabdurakhman Rasulev, the son of Sheikh Zainulla Rasulev, who probably kept their autographs, the letters were copied by Da-gestani Alim Kurbanali al-Muni, who lived in the town of Troitsk for a long time, The letters con-tain unique information from the biographies of Sheikhs Sayfullah-Qadi Bashlarov and Zainullah ash-Sharifi. The study of such sources helps to show true relations between those two outstanding Muslim intellectuals and, in general, enriches the source base for studying the history of cultural contacts between Muslim peoples of the Volga-Ural region and the North Caucasus as parts of the Russian Empire during the second half of the 19th–early 20th centuries.
Theoretical Problems of Understanding Islamic Identity and Its Role in the Development of Society
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Musa Gasanguseynovich Kurbanov ,   Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian  Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2024

The article examines the theoretical problems of the formation of Islamic identity and its role in the development of the general identification structure of society. The relevance of cognition of the phenomenon of Islamic identity is due to the growing demand for religious and, in particular, Islam-ic values, which form the identification image of believers’ self-consciousness in the contemporary society. The theoretical problems of Islamic identity are studied in relation to and comparison with Muslim identity. Along with common dominants, they have very important features and differences that cause not only theoretical disputes, but also various discursive contexts of multidimensional actualization of Islam in modern society. These difficulties of understanding require adequate meth-odological tools and methods of systemic and interdisciplinary cognition. To this end, the author applies the principles of systemic and structural approaches to a multidimensional understanding of Islamic identity. Summarizing the results of various analytical approaches to the theoretical vision of the problems of Islamic identity, the author attempts to express and formulate an integrated un-derstanding of the diversity of meanings of Muslim identity, based on the religious essence of Islam itself and the conditions of its existence in the modern global and multipolar world.
The Soviet State and Islam: History of Relations (1917–1941)
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Akhmedkhan Aminovich Saidov
Published: June 2024

According to the author, the initial policy of the Soviet state in relation to Islam was flexible and tolerant and focused on the search for cooperation, which prevented the emergence of Muslim mass separatist movements and contributed to the preservation of the territorial integrity and sovereign-ty of Soviet Russia. However, subsequently, the Soviet government resorted to repressive measures in relations with Islam, which provoked a number of negative consequences. Ignoring the positive unify-ing role of Christianity and Islam as religions rooted in Russia and Eurasia, the Bolsheviks hypertro-phied the idea of proletarian inter-nationalism. History has shown that the positive potential of interna-tionalism is transitory as contrasted with the geostrategic and civilizational potential of autochthonous Russian religions. The author concludes that the Bolsheviks missed the historic opportunity to create a universal social foundation based on the Orthodox-Islamic dialogue, capable of positively influencing the entire system of relations in the country, uniting the peoples and cultures of the Eurasian continent for many centuries.
Muslims of Mordovia: Historical and Sociological Profile
Authors:   State Public Institution of the Republic of Mordovia “Scientific Center for  Socio-Economic Monitoring”, Ruslan Ryafatevich Agishev
Published: June 2024

In recent years, the ethnoconfessional diversity of Russia, the traditional lifestyle of its indigenous peoples are threatened with destruction. In this regard, confessional issues are becoming particularly relevant. The article is based on the results of field research conducted by employees of the State public institution of the Republic of Moldova “Scientific Center for Socio-Economic Monitoring” in 2016–2023. The author examines the historical and sociological profile of Mordovian Muslims and identifies the following features: adherence to traditional value orientations and social attitudes, a low level of confessional involvement, the dominance of national and local identity in comparison with ethnic and religious identity, low conflict potential in the field of interfaith relations. Despite the pressure on their everyday life practices, traditional rituals and religious attitudes, the Muslims of Mordovia retain their ethnic and religious identity.
The labyrinths of Islamic and Biblical immortology
Authors:   Dagestan State Medical University, Telman Emiralievich Kafarov , Abdula Alexandrovich Ragimov , Abdulkhalik Sultansaidovich Khalikov
Published: June 2024

Although immortality is not on the list of basic Jungian archetypes, the article shows that it is a universal regulator of human life and is immanently present as a cementing core in all manifesta-tions of the conscious and the unconscious in a person. The authors compare the religious and non-religious concepts of the immortality of the soul. The latter offer various “facilitated” options for achieving immortality: without turning to the human soul, without the concepts of guilt, heaven and hell, repentance, posthumous existence, strict but fair trial, fear, punishment and responsibility. The authors substantiate the defining role of the concept of immortality of the soul in all religions of revelation, where human life begins with the immortality in the paradise. The idea of immortali-ty permeates the entire structure of the creed, and religious expediency ends with the acquisition of lost immortality and paradise existence for the faithful. The main features of religious immortality are highlighted, some contradictions and difficulties of understanding its essence are revealed. The in-depth meaning of several significant differences in the understanding of immortality of the soul between Islam and Orthodoxy is revealed. Particular attention is paid to such a reward in the para-dise for faithful Muslims as the enjoyment of the sight of Allah, which is often assessed as a shift away from the canonical principles of Islamic monotheism relating the prohibition to anthropomor-phize God and give Him comates. The authors substantiate their point of view on this seeming con-tradiction maintaining that they do not mean the accessibility of God to the senses but His accessi-bility to the inner, “heart”, vision.
Attitude to the comic in Islam
Authors:   Don State Agrarian University, Andrey Fedorovich Polomoshnov
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the problem of attitude towards the comic in Islam. The author proceeds from the fact that the basis of the comic is the fixation of the inconsistency or contradiction between the norms and dogmas of Islam and various manifestations of social life and, in particular, the behavior of individual believers. The differences between the two main comic genres in Islamic Arab culture – humor and satire – are analyzed. It has been established that the comic is based on the thesis about the divine origin of the human ability to laugh. Therefore, Islam does not prohibit the comic as such, but limits it by separating permitted and prohibited subjects for laughter. The latter include everything sacred related to creed and religious norms of behavior. It has been proven that different comic genres perform different functions in Islam. Humor acts as a means of popularizing and hu-manizing religious teachings, as a soft tool for the moral improvement of a Muslim (including laughing at oneself). Satire acts as a means of sharp criticism of an imperfect society, the fight against the deep depravity and apostasy of some Muslims, as well as a means of protecting the doc-trine from aggressive attacks of atheists and people of other faiths.
Shaykh al-Islam Zakariyya al-Ansari in the book "Wafiyyat al-aslaf" by Shihab al-Din al-Marjani
Authors:   Russian Islamic Institute, Damir Adamovich Shagaviev , Dinmukhammed Yaragievich Mukhtarov ,   Bolgar Islamic Academy
Published: June 2024

The article is a study of a fragment from the Arabic manuscript source “Wafiyyat al-aslaf wa tahiy-yat al-akhlaf” from the heritage of a Tatar theologian and 19th-century historian Shihab al-Din al-Marjani (Shigabutdin Marjani). The fragment is dedicated to the biography of a Shafi’i faqih Zakar-iyya al-Ansari (d. 926/1520), the supreme judge of Egypt of the Mamluk era, awarded the honorary title “Shaykh al-Islam”. Based on the manuscript from the collection of the academic library of Ka-zan Federal University, the Arabic text of al-Ansari’s biography was restored in modern orthography and then translated into Russian with comments and a brief analysis in the historical and theological context. Tatar theologian Shihab al-Din al-Marjani provides the basic information about the life and contribution of Sheikh al-Islam Zakariyya al-Ansari to Islamic sciences and emphasizes that he was one of the renovators of the Islamic faith (mujaddid) of his era. The authors of the article, on the one hand, tried to fill a gap in domestic Islamic studies regarding information about the outstanding Shafi’i jurist Zakariyya al-Ansari; on the other hand, they pointed out the importance of studying and translating a unique domestic manuscript source on the history of Islam – the biographical dic-tionary “Wafiyyat al-aslaf wa tahiyyat al-akhlaf” by Shihab al-Din al-Marjani, which has not yet been published or translated in full. For the first time, a fragment from this source with translation is introduced into scholarly discourse.
La internacionalización de la educación superior desde la perspectiva de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Álvarez Ruíz Liliana Patricia , Mendivil Hernández Patricia , Herazo Chamorro Mónica Isabel , Restrepo Ruíz Marisela , González Sánchez Eduardo
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Corporación Universitaria del Caribe-CECAR has been interested in creating internationalization spaces from academy, transforming its teaching-learning processes regarding the demands of the globalized world; this has allowed to develop and to strengthen, in these future professionals, the competences and abilities that fit the labor and social needs from the context they will work in. Objective: The current study aims at identifying practicum students’ perceptions towards higher education internationalization and describing the benefits of internationalization in such processes. Method: The applied methodology had a mixed descriptive approach; the data collection tools were the Likert scale to measure CECAR’s internationalization and the documentary revision. Results: Within results, it was evidenced that, in 2021-2, the 79% of practicum students has a positive attitude and only the 21% has a rejection attitude with regard to internationalization processes. Regarding its main benefits, is highlighted the critical thinking aspect that is developed on professionals which allow them to communicate assertively throughout diverse contexts and generating international academic networks. Conclusions: To conclude, undergraduates are interested in making part of internationalization activities, letting them to articulate their academic process with international experiences in their practicum requirement, in which they can strengthen their professional skills and competences