bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Issues of Applying Occupation-Based Intervention (OBI) Among Malaysian Occupational Therapists: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Ahmad Aisyah , Wan Azeland Wan Syaidatul Azera , Tomori Kounosuke , Che Daud Ahmad Zamir
Published: August 2021

Malaysian occupational therapists perceived occupation-based intervention (OBI) as the occupation as a means and an end. This study aimed to identify and explore perceived barriers to implementing OBI in Malaysia's diverse areas of occupational therapy practice context. A sequential explanatory mixed-method design with a cross-sectional survey and three focus group discussions (FGD) were performed sequentially. The results from the survey corresponded with the FGD findings, and new barriers emerged namely, occupational therapy personnels, bureaucratic system and economic challenge. These results may help in the discovery of solutions to enhance OBI implementation in Malaysia.
Keywords: occupation-based intervention; barriers; area of occupational therapy practice; sequential explanatory mixed-method
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i17.2892
EnergyPlus-Towards the Selection of Right Simulation Tool for Building Energy and Power Systems Research
Authors:   University of Calgary, Canada, Muslim Syed Ali
Published: August 2021

This article offers the summary of detailed literature review on the state of the art of simulation tools for building energy and power system research. The fundamental capabilities required for building energy and power system analysis tools are outlined. A comparative review of different energy simulation tools is presented, along with the summary of their strengths and weaknesses. A review of energy simulation tool rankings using evidence-based research is presented. A novel aspect of this article is the investigation of the limitations of energy simulation tools for district level energy analysis. A state of the art review of the co-simulation platforms to overcome technical difficulties of multi-domain energy and power systems used for district level energy analysis is presented. This article offering a review of latest developments in the building energy and power system simulation tools to help researchers and industry professional to choose the right platform for building energy and power system design and analysis.
New Electrocatalysts Prepared by Co-Sputter Deposition for the Direct Oxidation of Methanol
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California, USA, Fang Dan , Narayan Sri ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California, USA
Published: August 2021

Direct methanol oxidation catalysts Pt1-x-Tax (0<x<1) were prepared using co-sputter deposition. Characterization of these thin film catalysts was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Assessment of the methanol oxidation activity of Pt1-x-Tax catalysts were achieved through half-cell experiments. Among all the Pt1-x-Tax catalysts, Pt0.77-Ta0.23 catalyst showed the best electrochemical area specific activity which was comparable to platinum-ruthenium alloy on carbon (PtRu/C) catalysts. Pt1-x-Tax catalysts worked as bi-functional methanol oxidation catalysts. The surface oxides species activated water molecules and hence facilitated the process of removing carbon monoxide from the platinum sites. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of Pt0.77-Ta0.23 catalyst was tested at 60, 80 and 90 °C. The power density achieved at 90 °C was 82 mW/cm2/mg Pt, which was 1.82 times of PtRu/C catalyst with similar platinum loading.
The Science of the “Simile”
Authors:   Homeopathic Medicine School of Verona, Vicolo Dietro Santissimi Apostoli, 2, 37121 Verona, Italy, Bellavite Paolo , Arruda-Silva Fabio ,   Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona Medical School, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona Italy, Marzotto Marta ,   Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona Medical School, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona Italy
Published: August 2021

Homeopathy is often attacked with claims of not being evidence-based or for the implausible nature of its major principles of dilution/potentization and/or the similars (“similia similibus curentur”). However, these statements have already been falsified on the experimental ground, besides being incorrect on an epistemological level. Here we provide an updated appraisal of the scientific approach to the principle of Similars and homeopathy, focusing on laboratory models. After a brief historical introduction concerning the early scientific investigations, some recent in vitro studies are reviewed, with particular reference to those from our group. The second part is devoted to explaining the homeopathic principle of Similars using conceptual models in the field of complexity science and the theory of dynamic systems.
Synthesis, in silico studies and antibacterial assessment of α-amino phosphonates derivatives
Authors: El Khalfi Bouchra , Addoum Boutaina , Harrati Suhayla , Elmakssoudi Abdelhakim , Soukri Abdelaziz
Published: August 2021

The widespread of multi-resistant strains due to the lack of specific treatment and the propagation of infectious diseases requires all resources to remedy this scourge. This study is therefore aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of four synthetic α-Aminophosphonate 4(a-d). Methods: Firstly, α-Aminophosphonate has been synthesized and characterized, then molecular docking of these compounds 4(a-d) into the active binding site of Escherichia coli MurB enzyme (PDB Id: 1MBT) was performed to gain a comprehensive understanding of their biological activity. These compounds have been subjected to in vitro antibacterial screening against three multi-resistant strains E. coli, S. aureus, and L. monocytogenes. These compounds showed crucial antibacterial behavior against all studied strains. Thus, their docking estimation supported the in vitro results and showed that the 4c derivative has considerable binding energy towards the active site of Escherichia coli MurB. These findings provide critical information for the exploration of α-amino phosphonates as novel antibacterial agents.
Purificación parcial de péptidos del veneno de escorpión Hadruroides charcasus (Karsch, 1879) con actividad antimicrobiana.
Authors: Pérez-Delgado Orlando , Rincon-Cortés Clara Andrea , Vega-Castro Nohora Angélica , Reyes-Montaño Edgar Antonio , Gómez-Garzón Marcela
Published: August 2021

Los venenos de muchas especies de escorpiones son fuentes ricas en componentes biológicamente activos, como los péptidos antimicrobianos, biomoléculas que aún no han sido estudiados del veneno de Hadruroides charcasus. El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de los péptidos parcialmente purificados del veneno del escorpión Hadruroides. asus. A partir de 15,46 mg de proteína total del veneno del escorpión H. charcasus se purificaron parcialmente sus péptidos por medio de cromatografía de filtración en gel empleando sephadex G-75, consecutivo a una cromatografía de intercambio iónico en CM-Sephadex C-25. El peso molecular estimado de los péptidos se determinó mediante electroforesis PAGE-SDS-Tris-Tricina al 15% y la evaluación de la actividad antibacteriana y antifúngica se empleó el método de microdilución y Kirby-Bauer con cepas de Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 y Candida albicans ATCC 10231. En la cromatografía de filtración en gel se obtuvieron 5 fracciones, de lo cual, la fracción IV presentó una concentración mínima inhibitoria de 3,6 mg/mL en S. aureus ATCC 29213 y en C. albicans ATCC 10231. De la cromatografía de intercambio se obtuvieron 7 fracciones, destacando la fracción OPDIV-5 con péptidos de 4 kDa; 5 kDa; 5,5 kDa y 6,4 kDa que presentó actividad antimicrobiana frente S. aureus ATCC 29213, E. coli ATCC 25922, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, C. albicans ATCC 10231.El veneno del escorpión H. charcasus presenta péptidos de naturaleza catiónica con actividad antibacteriana y antifúngica, según su actividad en las cepas evaluadas.
Trametes coccinea IDEA, un hongo súper productor de lacasa aislado de un lago natural de asfalto: Tolerancia y biotransformación de hidrocarburos policíclicos aromáticos
Authors: Pernía Beatriz , Urbina Hector , González Meralys , Sena Lucia , Villasana Yanet , Naranjo-Briceño Leopoldo
Published: August 2021

Los hidrocarburos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs) son compuestos tóxicos que no se degradan fácilmente bajo condiciones naturales tales como fenómenos físicos (fotooxidación, volatilización), químicos (intercambio iónico, complejación, transformación) y biológicos (degradación por microorganismos autóctonos) que además, dependen de la temperatura, humedad y niveles de oxígeno. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue aislar, identificar y caracterizar fenotípicamente hongos hidrocarbono clásticos de ambientes extremos que sean capaces de tolerar HPAs, tales como Trametes coccinea IDEA, que se aisló del Lago de asfalto natural de Guanoco en Venezuela. A fin de estudiar su tolerancia a los HPAs, el hongo se expuso a diferentes concentraciones de naftaleno, fenantreno y pireno (0, 2.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 y 1600 mg/L). Posteriormente, en ensayo en medio de cultivo líquido, se procedió a estudiar el efecto de los HPAs sobre la actividad de enzimas del sistema enzimático de degradación de lignina (SEDL), así como sobre la posible variación en los niveles de toxicidad empleando Lactuca sativa como bioindicador. Los resultados mostraron una mayor tolerancia al pireno, seguido por el naftaleno y fenantreno. Se observó una fuerte inducción de la actividad lacasa en presencia de naftaleno (167.96 U/mgP) y pireno (124.89 U/mgP) con respecto al control, mientras que con fenantreno se obtuvo una baja actividad (88.67 U / mgP). De manera interesante, se evidenció una generación de sub-productos más tóxicos cuando el naftaleno y el fenantreno fueron biotratados por el hongo, mientras que el nivel de toxicidad del pireno disminuyó significativamente. T. coccinea IDEA tiene un alto potencial para ser utilizado en estrategias de biorremediación de hidrocarburos, las cuales deben ser monitoreadas mediante análisis ecotoxicológicos para detectar posibles variaciones de toxicidad de los productos parcialmente biotransformados.
Communicating the Implementation of Open Notes to Health Care Professionals: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Jonnergård Karin , Petersson Lena , Erlingsdóttir Gudbjörg
Published: August 2021

Background

The literature on how to communicate reform in organizations has mainly focused on levels of hierarchy and has largely ignored the variety of professions that may be found within an organization. In this study, we focus on the relationship between media type and professional responses.

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate whether and how belonging to a profession influences the choice of communication media and the perception of information when a technical innovation is implemented in a health care setting.

Methods

This study followed a mixed methods design based on observations and participant studies, as well as a survey of professionals in psychiatric health care in Sweden. The χ2 test was used to detect differences in perceptions between professional groups.

Results

The use of available communication media differed among professions. These differences seem to be related to the status attached to each profession. The sense-making of the information appears to be similar among the professions, but is based on their traditional professional norms rather than on reflection on the reform at hand.

Conclusions

When communicating about the implementation of a new technology, the choice of media and the message need to be attuned to the employees in both hierarchical and professional terms. This also applies to situations where professional employees are only indirectly affected by the implementation. A differentiated communication strategy is preferred over a downward cascade of information.
Team Dynamics in Hospital Workflows: An Exploratory Study of a Smartphone Task Manager (Preprint)
Authors: Hettiachchi Danula , Hayes Lachie , Goncalves Jorge , Kostakos Vassilis
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Although convenient and reliable modern messaging apps like WhatsApp enable efficient communication among hospital staff, hospitals are now pivoting toward purpose-built structured communication apps for various reasons, including security and privacy concerns. However, there is limited understanding of how we can examine and improve hospital workflows using the data collected through such apps as an alternative to costly and challenging research methods like ethnography and patient record analysis.

OBJECTIVE

We seek to identify whether the structure of the collected communication data provides insights into hospitals’ workflows. Our analysis also aims to identify ways in which task management platforms can be improved and designed to better support clinical workflows.

METHODS

We present an exploratory analysis of clinical task records collected over 22 months through a smartphone app that enables structured communication between staff to manage and execute clinical workflows. We collected over 300,000 task records between July 2018 and May 2020 completed by staff members including doctors, nurses, and pharmacists across all wards in an Australian hospital.

RESULTS

We show that important insights into how teams function in a clinical setting can be readily drawn from task assignment data. Our analysis indicates that predefined labels such as urgency and task type are important and impact how tasks are accepted and completed. Our results show that both task sent-to-accepted (P<.001) and sent-to-completed (P<.001) times are significantly higher for routine tasks when compared to urgent tasks. We also show how task acceptance varies across teams and roles and that internal tasks are more efficiently managed than external tasks, possibly due to increased trust among team members. For example, task sent-to-accepted time (minutes) is significantly higher (P<.001) for external assignments (mean 22.10, SD 91.45) when compared to internal assignments (mean 19.03, SD 82.66).

CONCLUSIONS

Smartphone-based task assignment apps can provide unique insights into team dynamics in clinical settings. These insights can be used to further improve how well these systems support clinical work and staff.
Function and Emotion in Everyday Life With Type 1 Diabetes (FEEL-T1D): Protocol for a Fully Remote Intensive Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Pyatak Elizabeth Ann , Hernandez Raymond , Pham Loree T , Mehdiyeva Khatira , Schneider Stefan , Peters Anne , Ruelas Valerie , Crandall Jill , Lee Pey-Jiuan , Jin Haomiao , Hoogendoorn Claire J , Crespo-Ramos Gladys , Mendez-Rodriguez Heidy , Harmel Mark , Walker Martha , Serafin-Dokhan Sara , Gonzalez Jeffrey S , Spruijt-Metz Donna
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Although short-term blood glucose levels and variability are thought to underlie diminished function and emotional well-being in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), these relationships are poorly understood. The Function and Emotion in Everyday Life with T1D (FEEL-T1D) study focuses on investigating these short-term dynamic relationships among blood glucose levels, functional ability, and emotional well-being in adults with T1D.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to present the FEEL-T1D study design, methods, and study progress to date, including adaptations necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic to implement the study fully remotely.

METHODS

The FEEL-T1D study will recruit 200 adults with T1D in the age range of 18-75 years. Data collection includes a comprehensive survey battery, along with 14 days of intensive longitudinal data using blinded continuous glucose monitoring, ecological momentary assessments, ambulatory cognitive tasks, and accelerometers. All study procedures are conducted remotely by mailing the study equipment and by using videoconferencing for study visits.

RESULTS

The study received institutional review board approval in January 2019 and was funded in April 2019. Data collection began in June 2020 and is projected to end in December 2021. As of June 2021, after 12 months of recruitment, 124 participants have enrolled in the FEEL-T1D study. Approximately 87.6% (7082/8087) of ecological momentary assessment surveys have been completed with minimal missing data, and 82.0% (82/100) of the participants provided concurrent continuous glucose monitoring data, ecological momentary assessment data, and accelerometer data for at least 10 of the 14 days of data collection.

CONCLUSIONS

Thus far, our reconfiguration of the FEEL-T1D protocol to be implemented remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic has been a success. The FEEL-T1D study will elucidate the dynamic relationships among blood glucose levels, emotional well-being, cognitive function, and participation in daily activities. In doing so, it will pave the way for innovative just-in-time interventions and produce actionable insights to facilitate tailoring of diabetes treatments to optimize the function and well-being of individuals with T1D.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/30901
Spatial Navigation Game in EEG-integrated VR for Screening Cognitive Impairment: Protocol for Feasibility and Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jeon Hyungsin , Cho Wanhee , Lee Taeheon , Kim Kanghee , Shim Yongsoo
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Spatial navigation impairment is recognized as a potential marker of preclinical dementia. Virtual reality (VR) technology has been introduced as a promising framework for dementia research. Recent work has demonstrated further possibilities that integrating electroencephalography (EEG) sensors into VR headsets can provide invaluable information relevant to cognitive impairment.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility of spatial navigation assessment in EEG-integrated VR devices for assessing cognitive impairment. This study will further investigate the neurophysiological characteristics of wearable EEG sensors during a VR spatial navigation game.

METHODS

Participants recruited for the study will be grouped into three based on their cognitive status (mild Alzheimer’s disease group, mild cognitive impairment group, and healthy controls). The spatial navigation game is designed based on the hidden goal task to assess egocentric and allocentric spatial information processing. As outcome measures, spatial navigation errors, spectral density characteristics of EEG signals, and behavioral responses in VR will be analyzed.

RESULTS

A spatial navigation game for VR was developed in March 2021. Recruitment commenced in June 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study will provide a comprehensive understanding of VR-based spatial navigation assessment, in terms of cognitive measurement including early screening. If positive, our approach based on EEG-integrated VR devices could constitute an effective cognitive impairment screening test tool that can provide brain dynamic characteristics as well as information on spatial navigation deficits.
The Novel Data Collection and Analytics Tools for Remote Patient Monitoring in Heart Failure (Nov-RPM-HF) Trial: Protocol for a Single-Center Prospective Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Bhatia Ankit , Ewald Gregory , Maddox Thomas
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Heart failure remains a leading cause of mortality and a major driver of health care utilization. Despite numerous medical advances in heart failure, associated hospitalizations continue to increase, owing largely to suboptimal outpatient management. Remote patient monitoring (RPM) aims to further address this current need in heart failure care by providing data to clinical teams to act pre-emptively to address clinical decompensation. However, to date, RPM approaches using noninvasive home-based patient sensors have failed to demonstrate clinical efficacy.

OBJECTIVE

The Novel Data Collection and Analytics Tools for Remote Patient Monitoring in Heart Failure (Nov-RPM-HF) Trial aims to address current noninvasive RPM limitations. Nov-RPM-HF will evaluate a clinician co-designed RPM platform using emerging data collection and presentation tools for heart failure management. These tools include a ballistocardiograph to monitor nocturnal patient biometrics, clinical alerts for abnormal biometrics, and longitudinal data presentation for clinician review.

METHODS

Nov-RPM-HF is a 100-patient single-center prospective trial, evaluating patients over 6 months. The outcomes will include patient adherence to data collection, patient/clinician-perceived utility of the RPM platform, medication changes including the titration of guideline-directed medical therapy to target doses, heart failure symptoms/performance status, and unplanned heart failure hospitalizations or emergency department visits.

RESULTS

This prospective trial began enrollment in March 2020 and anticipates enrollment completion by June 2022, with trial completion by December 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

This trial protocol aims to provide a systematic framework for the evaluation of heart failure RPM strategies, which are currently heavily used but seldom robustly studied. The trial results will help to inform the role of noninvasive RPM as a viable clinical management strategy in heart failure care.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/32873
The Application of e-Mental Health in Response to COVID-19: Scoping Review and Bibliometric Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Ellis Louise A , Meulenbroeks Isabelle , Churruca Kate , Pomare Chiara , Hatem Sarah , Harrison Reema , Zurynski Yvonne , Braithwaite Jeffrey
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic and its mitigation measures and impacts, such as shelter-in-place orders, social isolation, restrictions on freedoms, unemployment, financial insecurity, and disrupted routines, have led to declines in mental health worldwide and concomitant escalating demands for mental health services. Under the circumstances, electronic mental health (e-mental health) programs and services have rapidly become the “new normal.”

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess key characteristics and evidence gaps in the e-mental health literature published in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic via a scoping review and bibliometric analysis.

METHODS

We conducted a search of four academic databases (ie, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, and CINAHL) for documents published from December 31, 2019, to March 31, 2021, using keywords for e-mental health and COVID-19. Article information was extracted that was relevant to the review objective, including journal, type of article, keywords, focus, and corresponding author. Information was synthesized by coding these attributes and was then summarized through descriptive statistics and narrative techniques. Article influence was examined from Altmetric and CiteScore data, and a network analysis was conducted on article keywords.

RESULTS

A total of 356 publications were included in the review. Articles on e-mental health quickly thrived early in the pandemic, with most articles being nonempirical, chiefly commentaries or opinions (n=225, 63.2%). Empirical publications emerged later and became more frequent as the pandemic progressed. The United States contributed the most articles (n=160, 44.9%), though a notable number came from middle-income countries (n=59, 16.6%). Articles were spread across 165 journals and had above-average influence (ie, almost half of the articles were in the top 25% of output scores by Altmetric, and the average CiteScore across articles was 4.22). The network analysis of author-supplied keywords identified key topic areas, including specific mental disorders, eHealth modalities, issues and challenges, and populations of interest. These were further explored via full-text analysis. Applications of e-mental health during the pandemic overcame, or were influenced by, system, service, technology, provider, and patient factors.

CONCLUSIONS

COVID-19 has accelerated applications of e-mental health. Further research is needed to support the implementation of e-mental health across system and service infrastructures, alongside evidence of the relative effectiveness of e-mental health in comparison to traditional modes of care.
Study of thermo-acoustical properties of Liquid mixtures of Aqueous solution of Lithium Chloride and Lithium Hydroxide at Different Temperatures
Authors:   Department of Physics, Bareilly College, Bareilly, U P. -243005 (India), RATHORE NEERAJ , SINGH AJAY KUMAR ,   Department of Physics, Bareilly College, Bareilly, U P. -243005 (India)
Published: August 2021

Density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity of the various compositions of liquid mixtures of aqueous solutions of Lithium chloride (LiCl) and Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) have been experimentally measured at 303,308,313 and 318K and at atmospheric pressure. From these experimental measurements the acoustic impedance (Z) and adiabatic compressibility (ad) have been calculated. The variations in these parameters have been correlated to derive the intermolecular interactions taking place between the mixtures of present study.
Providing Protection or Enabling Exploitation? Orphanages and Modern Slavery in Post-Disaster Contexts
Authors: van Doore Kathryn , Nhep Rebecca
Published: August 2021

Orphanages are a common child protection response to humanitarian crises spurred on by media and NGO depictions of the disaster orphan. Yet, decades of research attests to the harm that orphanage care can cause. Driven by aid funding, orphanages are often sustained long after the recovery phase. In recent years, research has highlighted the links between orphanages, exploitation and modern slavery, particularly orphanage trafficking. This paper examines how the perpetuation of the disaster narrative sustains orphanage care post-disaster which heightens the risk, and exposure, of children to modern slavery, and makes suggestions for strengthening humanitarian crises responses to protect children.
Participación social en el desarrollo de estrategias para mitigar la problemática de la vivienda abandonada
Authors: Córdova Canela Fernando
Published: August 2021

El crecimiento de la población en las urbes ha detonado el aumento de la superficie de las grandes ciudades, y ha determinado el desarrollo de amplias áreas de vivienda de interés social, donde la oferta supera la demanda poblacional. Los factores sociopolíticos y espaciales han generado importantes problemas, entre ellos el de la vivienda abandonada, por lo que se han implementado sin éxito planes para aminorar esta situación, ya que existen 650 mil unidades en esta condición. El objeto de este trabajo es desarrollar una serie de lineamientos y metodologías que ayuden a mejorar las condiciones de habitabilidad, tanto en la vivienda como en lo urbano. Para ello, se estableció una serie de acciones, como un análisis en sitio mediante georreferenciación y levantamientos aéreos de drones para generar modelos tridimensionales, reforzado por un proceso de arquitectura social participativa a través del uso de talleres interactivos con los habitantes, para establecer el diagnóstico y las propuestas para el proyecto de mejoramiento que se desarrolló. Todo esto ayudó a generar una metodología que pueda ser replicada y utilizada en el futuro, con la cual se fortalezcan las redes participativas y se fomente una mayor calidad de la habitabilidad de la población, con mejoras en las políticas públicas existentes.
De la vivienda social a la vivienda de interés social durante el siglo XX: relación arquitectura y ciudad en la habitabilidad
Authors: Morales Fonseca María de Guadalupe
Published: August 2021

En México, uno de los cambios en las maneras de habitar durante el siglo XX se manifestó a partir de su proceso de industrialización. La atracción de la ciudad generó un aumento de población que demandó lugares de habitación. Constitucionalmente se estableció el derecho de los trabajadores a tener un lugar para habitar, lo que dio origen a la creación de la vivienda social como una de las funciones del Estado y, con el tiempo, la intervención del sector privado en el desarrollo de la vivienda de interés social. El propósito de este texto, además de presentar una síntesis de las acciones institucionales, es señalar un interés por el análisis de la habitabilidad que generan las acciones de vivienda y de planificación de la ciudad. Las reflexiones finales evidencian cómo las políticas públicas del siglo XX influyeron en la configuración actual del territorio, comprometiendo la habitabilidad en la arquitectura de interés social.
Modelamiento de Relaciones entre Parámetros Fisicoquímicos y Microbiológicos en Aguas de la Bahía Interior del Lago Titicaca-Puno (Perú) mediante Árboles de Predicción
Authors:   Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Perú, Carpio Vargas Edgar Eloy
Published: August 2021

La cuantificación de parámetros fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos es fundamental para definir la calidad del agua, pero el entendimiento de las relaciones y el comportamiento de estos parámetros, contribuyen a definir el estado trófico y calidad ambiental de los ecosistemas acuáticos. En este contexto, el objetivo del estudio fue determinar las relaciones entre los parámetros fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos del agua de la bahía interior del lago Titicaca en la ciudad de Puno-Perú, aplicando la técnica de árboles de predicción de aprendizaje automático. La muestra estuvo constituida por 17 parámetros de calidad, que fueron medidos mensualmente durante enero de 2013 y abril de 2019, obteniéndose un total de 76 datos por cada parámetro. Para la elaboración de los árboles de predicción y su posterior interpretación, se utilizó el paquete estadístico R. Se evidenció que los parámetros fisicoquímicos preponderantes del lago Titicaca, son temperatura, oxígeno disuelto, potencial de hidrógeno, conductividad eléctrica, sólidos suspendidos totales, clorofila-a, demanda bioquímica de oxígeno, demanda química de oxígeno y transparencia, a partir de los cuales se aplicó la técnica de árboles de predicción y se comprobó la eficiencia de estos modelos estadístico en la predicción de dichos parámetros para realizar estimaciones, teniendo en cuenta las características del lugar donde se utilice.
EQUIPES DE SAÚDE E A PSICOLOGIA HOSPITALAR NA PERSPECTIVA DA TEORIA DE GRUPOS DE SARTRE
Authors: Langaro Fabíola , Santos Andrea Hellena dos , Pretto Zuleica
Published: August 2021

A obra de Jean Paul Sartre, representante do existencialismo, tem ainda poucos estudos no Brasil correlacionados com a área de Psicologia Hospitalar. Nas práticas de saúde brasileira, a atuação por meio de equipes assistenciais multidisciplinares vem se mostrando um dos principais recursos para superação da fragmentação do conhecimento e para o alcance da integralização dos diferentes aspectos da saúde dos sujeitos. Este trabalho visa discutir a Teoria de Grupos em Sartre e sua relação com a atuação interdisciplinar da(o) psicóloga(o) em contexto hospitalar. São apresentados os conceitos de série, grupo em fusão, grupo institucionalizado e grupo organizado, destacando este último como recurso para uma atuação das equipes nas instituições de saúde que possibilite cuidados integrais aos pacientes e familiares. Destaca-se a importância de que os objetivos da instituição estejam claros para os membros das equipes, a fim de que os sujeitos possam articular seus projetos individuais aos institucionais, visualizando uma condição de reciprocidade entre o sujeito e o grupo. O papel da(o) psicóloga(o) é descrito como de mediador, capaz de conduzir os sujeitos a uma reflexão crítica a respeito do próprio grupo e a (re)construção constante do movimento coletivo neste âmbito.
Coalescence times, life history traits and conservation concerns: an example from four coastal shark species from the Indo-Pacific
Authors: Lesturgie Pierre , Planes Serge , Mona Stefano
Published: August 2021

Dispersal abilities play a crucial role in shaping the extent of
population genetic structure, with more mobile species being panmictic
over large geographic ranges and less mobile ones organized in
meta-populations exchanging migrants to different degrees. In turn,
population structure directly influences the coalescence pattern of the
sampled lineages, but the consequences on the estimated variation of the
effective population size (Ne) over time obtained by means of
unstructured demographic models remain poorly understood.
However, this knowledge is crucial for biologically interpreting the
observed Ne trajectory and further devising conservation strategies in
endangered species. Here we investigated the demographic history of four
shark species (Carharhinus melanopterus, Carharhinus limbatus,
Carharhinus amblyrhynchos, Galeocerdo cuvier) with different degrees of
endangered status and life history traits related to dispersal
distributed in the Indo-Pacific and sampled off New Caledonia. We
compared several evolutionary scenarios representing both
structured (meta-population) and unstructured models and
then inferred the Ne variation through time. By performing
extensive coalescent simulations, we provided a general framework
relating the underlying population structure and the observed Ne
dynamics. On this basis, we concluded that the recent decline observed
in three out of the four considered species when assuming
unstructured demographic models can be explained by the presence
of population structure. Furthermore, we also demonstrated the limits of
the inferences based on the sole site frequency spectrum and warn that
statistics based on linkage disequilibrium will be needed to exclude
recent demographic events affecting meta-populations.
An exanthem revealing Gianotti Crosti syndrome in a young child: a case report
Authors: BESBES AMIRA , Korbi Mouna , BESBES Faten , Elelmi Yamina
Published: August 2021

We reported a case of a 14-months-old girl with erythematous and
papulovesicular pink to red lesions on the face, the upper and the lower
limbs. The history and the morphological features confirmed the dignosis
of Gianotti Crosti syndrome.
Study on laser welding of copper material by hybrid light source of blue diode laser and fiber laser
Authors: Yang Hang , Tang Xiahui , Hu Chong , Liu Songjia , Fan Yuanchao , Xiao Yu , Lu Guojie , Wang Qiao , Chen Guoning , Xing Pengyue , Tan Hao , Guo Zhixiao , Niu Zengqiang
Published: August 2021

Focusing on the problem of high-power laser welding of high reflectivity of copper, in this article, a physical model of energy absorption for the temperature field of hybrid laser deep penetration welding of copper materials is established by using a Gaussian rotating body heat source of 450 nm blue diode laser and 1060 nm fiber laser. The main factors are analyzed such as welding joint design, laser energy density, focal position, and shielding gas. When the 1000 W fiber laser is combined with a 300, 500, and 700 W blue diode laser to weld copper material, the relationship between the welding temperature field and the light source absorption rate is analyzed on the condition of a hybrid heat source distance of 2.2–6.2 mm and a welding speed of 10–30 mm/s. The results show that the absorption rate of a fiber laser welded by double-beam hybrid welding can be increased by 20% compared with that of a single light source; that is, 300, 500, and 700 W blue diode laser together with 1000 W fiber laser combines to weld copper materials, and the absorption rate of the light source reaches the highest when the hybrid heat source distance and the welding speed are 3.0 mm and 20 mm/s, respectively.
Síndrome de Burnout, según el año de estudio, en estudiantes de medicina de ocho países de Latinoamérica, 2016-2017
Authors: Serrano Torres Felipe , Mejia Christian R. , Garnica Lilia , Lizcano Gómez Astrid , Hernánez Caicedo Andrea Juliana , Cruz Avila Yuridia , Aveiro Róbalo, Telmo Raul
Published: August 2021

-Objetivos: Determinar el puntaje en las dimensiones del Síndrome de Burnout (SB), según el año de estudio entre los estudiantes de medicina de ocho países de América Latina.

-Métodos: Estudio analítico transversal, realizado en 2649 estudiantes de medicina de nueve universidades en ocho países de América Latina, durante el 2016-2017. Para el presente estudio, se aplicó la prueba Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS), con el que se obtuvieron las tres dimensiones: agotamiento, autoeficacia y cinismo, que se cruzaron en el programa Stata 11,1 según el año de estudio y se ajustó con los Modelos Lineales Generalizados (GLM, por sus siglas en inglés), por el sexo, la edad, el tipo de universidad y la sede de encuestado.

-Resultados: En el análisis multivariado se encontró que, conforme se incrementaba el año de estudio aumentó el puntaje en el agotamiento (tercer año: +2,6 puntos, valor p<0,001; cuarto año: +1,8 puntos, valor p=0,028 y quinto año: +3 puntos, valor p=0,007). Los puntajes en la autoeficacia y el cinismo, no tuvieron variaciones estadísticamente significativas, según el año de estudio. Además, las mujeres tuvieron un mayor puntaje en agotamiento (+0,7 puntos, valor p=0,006) y menor en cinismo (-0,5, valor p<0,001).

-Conclusiones: El puntaje en el agotamiento aumenta según incrementa el año académico, pero los otros componentes no mostraron un cambio significativo, obteniendo las mujeres mayor puntaje en agotamiento, aunque menor en cinismo. Las instituciones educativas deben generar programas de detección de estos estudiantes, brindándoles estrategias de apoyo académico.

-Palabras clave: Agotamiento Profesional; Agotamiento Psicológico; América Latina; Estudiantes de Medicina; Estudio Multicéntrico.
Sintomatología y terapéutica de Meningiomas de Fosa Craneal Media y Posterior en el periodo 2017-2019. Revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Cárdenas Juan Francisco , Sotomayor Ana Cristina
Published: August 2021

Introducción: Tumores primarios más comunes, aunque la mayoría son benignos, su ubicación en el sistema nervioso central puede causar una grave morbimortalidad. Este tipo de neoplasia tiene una incidencia de 7.7 por 100000 habitantes con una incidencia variable entre cada región siendo de un 3.8% en fosa media, 10% de fosa posterior y un 36% de todos los tumores intracraneanos. Dependerán de varios factores de riesgo asociados a su desarrollo desde causas genéticas a ambientales. 

A pesar de la naturaleza histológica benigna de estos tumores, los pacientes sufren síntomas neurológicos y requieren tratamiento. La cirugía sigue siendo el tratamiento primario; la radiación se puede usar como tratamiento primario o, comúnmente, para lesiones recurrentes o inaccesibles. 

Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en base de datos de PubMed, ClinicalKey, Google Scholar, Medline, UpToDate y Science Direct además uso de casos clínicos, repositorios y previas revisiones para la realización de este trabajo. La búsqueda se restringió a los años 2017 al 2019

Resultado: Este tipo de neoplasias causan síntomas por efecto de masa y su mayoría en fosa media la afectación es de tipo visual y auditiva y fosa posterior existen síntomas vestibulares. Con resolución quirúrgica principalmente.

Conclusiones: El diagnostico debe ser clínico, el cual a pesar de tener ciertos rasgos parecidos difiere en varios casos por las estructuras adyacentes involucradas por lo que se puede complementar con estudio imagen. La elección del tratamiento deberá ser individualizado

Palabras Clave: Meningioma, Tumor Intracraneal, Fosa Posterior, Fosa Media, base Cráneo
Ship power plant with reversible shaft generator unit operating by dual-power machine scheme and variable speed diesel generator
Authors: Khvatov Oleg Stanislavovich , Tarpanov Ilya Aleksandrovich , Kuznecov Pavel Vadimovich
Published: August 2021

The article presents the analysis of the operating modes of small displacement vessels, which states that most of the working time the vessels are in standby mode, or move at low speed. The main ship diesel engines operate at a load of 10-15% (maximum 20%), which impacts the operational performance: the oil and water jacket of the engine do not have time to warm up, fuel and oil consumption increases. There takes place coking of piston rings, intercoolers and other components, which leads to a sharp decrease in the service life of the engine. In order to eliminate the disadvantages happening in the main engines operation in shared load modes, it is considered to use the shaft generator unit as a propeller shaft unit in the prolonged operation of the vessel at passing with a low speed and maneuvering. Such a variant of the shaft generator can be called a reversible shaft generator unit (RSGU) capable of operating in both generator and motor modes. At the same time, it is advisable to power the reversible shaft generator and general ship consumers from a diesel generator, which, in order to save fuel, can be applied as a variable speed diesel generator unit. There is presented a RSGU variant based on an asynchronous machine with a phase rotor and a frequency converter in the rotor (a double power supply machine). The functional and structural schemes of the ship’s electric power system using the variable speed diesel generator and the propulsive system based on the reversible shaft generator are presented. In the Matlab software there are developed the simulation models and presented the results of simulation modeling of the operating modes of the above systems.
Financial Cost, Salary and the Impact Towards Coronary Heart Disease in Selangor
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Johor, Kampus Segamat, Johor, Malaysia, Rosli Mohamad Hafiz , Mohamed Juliza ,   Universiti Selangor, Malaysia, Md Kassim Aza Azlina ,   Xiamen University Malaysia, Malaysia, Zainal Azim Zainal Azhar ,   Universiti Selangor, Malaysia
Published: August 2021

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the many non-communicable diseases (NCD). The World Health Organization (WHO) had reported that CHD has caused the death of 17.9 million people, representing 31% of global deaths. From this number, 85% are due to heart attacks and stroke. In Malaysia, CHD remained as the principal cause of death in 2018 with 18,627 deaths contributing to 15.6 percent of total deaths in Malaysia. Among the factors that could lead to CHD is hypertension. Chronic stress such as financial distress could lead to hypertension. Recently, the cost of living in Malaysia has increased significantly. This study intended to examine the impact of housing cost, transportation cost, self-education cost and salary towards CHD. The data was gathered by a survey questionnaire with 300 CHD respondents in Selangor. Multiple regression analysis was used for data analysis. The findings indicated that self-education costs and salary have significant a relationship with CHD. This research is expected to benefit policymakers in understanding the cost of living in Malaysia and to the public health department in their future policy and decision making processes on CHD prevention initiatives. Lastly, this study is expected to enrich the literature on CHD and cost of living.
The Impact of Financial Structure Towards Performance of Non-Financial Companies Listed on Amman Stock Exchange
Authors:   University Malaysia Terengganu, Alshouha Laith Fouad , Wan Ismail Wan Nur Syahida ,   University Malaysia Terengganu, Mokhtar Mohd Zulkifli ,   University Malaysia Terengganu, Nik Mohd Rashid Nik Mohd Norfadzilah ,   University Sultan Zainal Abidin
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between financial structure towards the financial performance of companies listed on Amman stock exchange (ASE) as one of the emerging economies. This paper adopted a panel data set of 88 non-financial companies listed on the ASE over a period of 10 years from 2009 to 2018. According to empirical results that there is significant evidence to support the fact that debt repaying ability (DRAB), managerial ownership (MANOW), and foreign ownership (FOROW) are positively related to firm performance. Otherwise, the findings revealed no evidence to support the impact of the financial structure ability (FSA) towards firm performance. Moreover, the findings support the fact that firm size (SIZ) has a positive impact on firm performance of companies listed on the ASE. On the other hand, (AGE) has a negative impact on firm performance, while (GROWTH) has no impact on firm performance. The current study encourages managers to maintain a good percentage of debt repaying ability and owners to grant shares as managers’ incentives, and also to attract foreign investors. Future studies, should try applying the current study on the financial sector.
Consequences of Mergers and Acquisitions on Firm Performance: A Sector-Level Study of Public Listed Companies in China
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Lok Char-Lee , Chen Yadong ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kee Phua Lian ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Fong Chan Min ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia
Published: August 2021

As the motives of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are different across industries, this study examined the synergy effects of technological gains and capital intensity on the operating performance of the acquiring firms after M&As. The sample comprised 434 completed M&As initiated by Chinese firms listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges with 2,170 observations over the years 2012 to 2016. On average, the firms performed better after M&As. The results show that the operating performance of public health, information technology, telecommunication and financial service firms within the high-technology sector increased after M&As. This suggests that high-technology firms can benefit from M&As through a more extensive knowledge base and financial synergy. We also found that good governance characterized by board independence affects firm performance positively. Therefore, the acquisition of technology through M&As could be an essential corporate growth strategy in the Chinese capital market, which is transforming from a state-controlled economy to a more market driven one. The findings provide useful insights to both corporate players and policy-makers on the types of M&As that stand higher chances to generate positive outcomes and those that need extra measures and further scrutiny to prevent inefficient allocation of resources.
The Effects of Tone at the Top and Professional Skepticism on Fraud Risk Judgment Among Internal Auditors in Indonesia
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia, Juliana Lufti , Johari Razana Juhaida ,   Universiti Teknologi Mara, Shah Alam, Malaysia, Said Jamaliah ,   Universiti Teknologi Mara, Shah Alam, Malaysia,   Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia, Sensi Wondabio Ludovicus
Published: August 2021

Failure of the internal auditors (IAs) to appropriately apply fraud risk judgment could result in audit failure in revealing fraud and scandals. It leads to significant harmful consequences to the IAs’ profession. In carrying out their duties, IAs sometimes have to face top management pressure. Tone at the top becomes essential in creating an ideal working environment for the IAs. Moreover, the lack of professional skepticism has been one factor causing an auditor’s failure to achieve the optimal result in detecting fraud. The findings from 202 respondents revealed that the IAs who have high professional skepticism are more effective in making fraud risk judgments. However, the direct influence of the tone at the top on fraud risk judgment is not statistically supported. This new finding may help professional regulatory bodies and the internal auditing function consider the profile and its necessary environment to elevate fraud risk judgment to regain public trust in the profession.