bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Breast: An Oncological Center's Experience
Authors: Correia Ana Margarida , Fernandes Rafael , Dias Teresa , Souto Moura Madalena , Canotilho Rita , Baía Catarina , Pinto Paula , Abreu de Sousa Joaquim
Published: January 2022

Background: Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast (ACCB) is a rare breast malignancy. Despite often being a triple negative tumor, it has a favorable prognosis, with low rates of recurrence and progression. The ideal treatment of ACCB is debatable; thus, the aim of this study was to characterize a population diagnosed with ACCB and to evaluate the treatment outcomes.Methods: We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of patients with a histological diagnosis of ACCB treated at our dedicated Oncological Center between 1987 and 2020. The patients were identified in collaboration with the Anatomical Pathology Department, which also reviewed the surgical pathology reports.Results: Thirteen women with a median age of 68 years old were diagnosed with ACCB. The most frequent clinical diagnosis was a breast nodule (n=5); the preoperative image was suggestive of malignancy in nine patients, with seven being diagnosed with a ACCB in the preoperative biopsy. Regarding treatment, nine patients underwent conservative surgery, but three required re-excision. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was performed in seven patients, none revealing metastases; one patient had stage III ACCB and was initially treated with a modified radical mastectomy (MRM); the remaining were stage I (n=7) and II (n=5). Adjuvant radiotherapy was performed in eight patients, and two were initially proposed for chemotherapy but were considered unfit. With a median follow-up of 123 months (16-407), one case of local recurrence and two cases of distant metastasis were identified, one of whom died of disease. Conclusion: ACCB is a rare tumor with a good prognosis; however, as demonstrated, it can present an aggressive behavior. Conservative surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy are the indicated treatment and SLNB may be omitted in grade 1 tumors.
Targeting Mitochondrial-Nuclear Apoptotic Signaling Pathways, Metabolic Pathways and Reversal of Doxorubicin (DOX) Cell Resistance in MCF-7 and MDA‑MB-231 Cancer Cell Lines by Sambucus Nigra (SNA)
Authors: Ghanbari Ali , Roshankhah Shiva , Salahshoor Mohammad Reza , Jalili Cyrus , Esmaeli Mojtaba
Published: January 2022

Background: The study aimed to assess the effect of anti-tumor and anti-proliferative properties of Sambucus nigra (SNA) on MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 breast tumor cell lines.Methods: The cytotoxicity of SNA was assessed based on dose/time by the MTT assay. Also, the influence of SNA on apoptotic pathways, cellular and metabolic resistance in these cell lines was examined by real-time PCR, lipid peroxidase was measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) and the effect of apoptosis and necrosis was determined by flow cytometry.Results: Our data showed that DOX, SNA, and DOX + SNA treatment induced the expression of p53, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and 8 levels involved in the apoptotic pathways. ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 4 (ABCB4) gene expression was decreased in MDA‑MB-231 breast cancer cells compared to MCF-7. Also, we observed that DOX, SNA, and DOX + SNA treatment induced expression of Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) metabolic pathways such as MCT1 and MCT4. Conclusion: Overall, the outcomes of this investigation show that the combination of SNA-Doxorubicin (DOX) in different groups of these cancer cells, especially in the MDA‑MB-231 cell lines synergistically intensified the induction of apoptosis in them. SNA enhances the anti-cancer effects of DOX to induce cellular apoptosis, alter metabolic pathways, and reduce cellular resistance. The research highlights the promising use of SNA as a chemosensitizer in the chemotherapy.
Alkaloids from the seed, calyx, and corolla of Erythrina americana Miller and Erythrina coralloides A.DC.
Authors: SANCHEZ HERRERA SUSANA GRACIELA , Soto-Hernández Ramón Marcos , Garín-Aguilar María E. , Vibrans-Lidermann Heike , García-Mateos María del Rosario , Martínez-Vázquez Mariano
Published: January 2022

Objective: To identify the main alkaloids present in the seeds, calyx, and corolla of E. americana and E. coralloides (Fabaceae) using HPLC-MS.
Design/methodology/approach: The seeds, calyx, and corolla of both species were separated; the crude alkaloid extracts were prepared according to the method described by Games et al. (1974). The crude alkaloid extracts were analyzed using a high-performance liquid chromatograph interfaced to a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer.
Results: The lactonic alkaloids -a-erythroidine and b-erythroidine were the main alkaloids found in E. americana, whereas the presence of erythrinine and 8-oxo erythraline is typical of E. coralloides. These compounds can be used to distinguish both species.
Limitations on study/implications: The use of the HPLC-MS technique allowed the detection of a large numbers of alkaloidal structures in different parts of the plants; however, this technique is not available in any laboratory.
Findings/conclusions: A large number of erythrinane-like alkaloids were found in seed, calyx, and corolla. The use of seeds and flowers in the preparation of diverse traditional dishes can cause soothing and sedating effects in consumers, as a result of the presence of lactonic alkaloids. The HPLC-MS method allowed the detection of alkaloidal structures in flowers and seeds that had not been identified in previous studies about this species.
Black Swan Event on JCI Value and Sectoral Index for February-April 2020: Effects of Covid-19 in Indonesian Stock Exchange
Authors: Safitri Heni
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect or impact of the Black Swan Event (Covid19) on the value of the IHSG and Sectoral Index on the IDX and how much the comparison of changes in the value of the IHSG and Sectoral Index before and after the existence of Covid19. This research is included in associative research. Data collection techniques used documentation study. The samples in this study were all IHSG values ​​and all Sectoral Indices on the IDX. The analytical tool used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the WarpPLS Approach and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Based on the analysis results using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the WarpPLS approach, it can be said that the Black Swan Event had a negative and significant effect on the movement of the IHSG value and the value of the Sekctoral Index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. In addition, the test results using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test also show that there is a very significant difference between the IHSG value and the Sectoral Index value before and after the Black Swan Event or the Covid19 phenomenon in Indonesia.
DESIGN OF DEFORMATION ILLUMINATION TYPOGRAPHY AS A VISUAL IDENTITY OF AMPEL ARAB VILLAGE
Authors: Ayun Qurrota , Romadhona Mahimma
Published: January 2022

The visual identity of a destination can not only be achieved through the design of promotional media, but can also be achieved through typographical landmarks. Typographic landmark design as a visual identity of a tourist destination can be designed through the illumination of the deformation of the letters. Reference objects are obtained from objects that are commonly found in the area and become the characteristics of the area. This design is implemented in a religious tourism destination in Surabaya, namely the Arab village of Ampel. Kampung Arab Ampel is a village inhabited mostly by people of Arab descent. The Arab village of Ampel is the gateway to the spread of Islam in Java, especially in Surabaya, which was brought by Sunan Ampel. Now, kampung Arab has become a center for Islamic education and cultural development. The purpose of this research is to contribute to the science of design, especially typography, to the people of Surabaya so that it can be used as the visual identity of the village. The design was carried out using qualitative methods through observation, and literature study. Data analysis is used to analyze the right typography design to be used as a typographic landmark design concept. The results of this study are environmental graphics in the form of typographic landmarks that have a visual identity according to the characteristics of the Arab Ampel village.
Study of Nature-Based Education on PAUD Buildings in Pandemic Era
Authors: Febrianto Redi Sigit , Winarni Sri , Prihatmi Tutut Nani
Published: January 2022

Early childhood education schools (PAUD) are considered very vulnerable during the face-to-face learning period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, nature-based educational applications in collaboration with architectural elements are expected to reduce the risk of being exposed to viruses. This study aimed to describe the relationship between nature-based educational activities and architectural elements. The application of architectural elements appears on the exterior (building form and building facade) to the interior (spatial layout and furniture arrangement). The concept of nature-based education (educational goals) is slightly similar to the concept of nature-assisted therapies (rehabilitation goals). The research design is qualitative, while the research strategy is phenomenology. The data collection method uses research studies on similar themes and research studies on similar topics. This research uses content analysis and inductive analysis. There are at least five architectural elements related to nature-based educational activities from this research, namely: (1) building form; (2) building facade and material; (3) spatial layout, (4) layout of furniture and (5) landscape design.
Effect of N,N'-Dicyclohexyl Terephthalic Dihydrazide on the Crystallization and Properties of Isotactic Polypropylene
Authors: Horváth Flóra , Bihari Levente , Menyhárd Alfréd
Published: January 2022

Application of nucleating agents is a common way to manipulate the structure and properties of crystalline polymers. Our goal was to synthesize N,N'-dicyclohexyl terephthalic dihydrazide (DCTDH) and study it from the viewpoint of applicability as a nucleating agent for isotactic polypropylene (iPP). We used differential scanning calorimetry to investigate the efficiency of DCTDH in samples containing the nucleating agent in a wide concentration range. We used polarized light microscopy to study the crystalline morphology developed in the presence of this nucleating agent. To characterize the mechanical properties of the nucleated samples, we performed tensile and impact tests on injection molded specimens. DCTDH proved to be a non-soluble α-nucleating agent in iPP, with a saturation concentration around 300 ppm. The nucleating agent has a significant effect on the crystalline structure of iPP, microspherulitic structure forms in its presence. Owing to the different structure, a considerable change in the mechanical properties is observable: with increasing nucleating agent content the tensile modulus increases, while impact resistance has a maximum value around 300 ppm nucleating agent content.
De Doctrina Christiana and Milton’s Canonical Works: Revisiting the Authorship Question
Authors: Clawson James M. , Wilson Hugh F.
Published: January 2022

Since the discovery of De Doctrina Christiana almost 150 years after John Milton’s death, the Latin manuscript has commonly been attributed to the English writer—but not without controversy. For many scholars, the most recent phase of the debate seemed to end with the 2007 publication of Milton and the Manuscript of De Doctrina Christiana, which used stylometry to argue confidently for Milton’s authorship. This article is presented in dissent. Prompted by disjunctures in style and substance between the treatise and Milton’s canonical works, we revisit the authorship question. Using the complete text from the manuscript, a broader selection of candidates, and newer stylometric methods, we show some limitations of the earlier approach. Finally, drawing upon a neglected tradition of scholarship, we suggest that Jeremias Felbinger is a more plausible candidate for authorship, and we evaluate his candidacy through multiple stylometric tests.
Efforts to establish indigenous technology for healthcare in a low resource country – Bangladesh experience
Authors: Rabbani K Siddique e
Published: January 2022

The astounding developments in healthcare technology is not available to about 84% of the global population in the low-medium income countries (LMIC). Good meaning medical equipment donation programmes from the high income countries (HIC) have made very little impact, most devices failing to give the desired service and increasing e-waste. The author, with his four decade-long experience feels that people in the LMICs with higher education in science and technology should be motivated and trained in the design and manufacture of medical devices, and they should also take the responsibility for commercial manufacture and distribution of the developed products. With this realisation early in life, he initiated similar efforts in his home country Bangladesh about four decades back against many challenges and obstacles. This produced some success stories and this paper lists some of the devices developed and distributed by groups under his leadership. The author argues that the existing industries in the LMICs are based on fully foreign technology, and do not have the capability or preparedness to take up commercial manufacture of indigenously developed technology based products. He has come up with the design of a ‘Micro-eco-system’ for the LMICs which involve the leadership of a single technology innovator or a single group of innovators to organise R&D and commercial manufacture, both. An LMIC may have hundreds or thousands of the above ‘Micro-eco-system’ to create an overall eco-system, which may be the solution eventually leading to a more equitable world, with each and every person of the globe having access to developments in science and technology in healthcare.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics Vol.14 No.1 2021 P 1-15
Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19
Authors: Mejía-Zambrano Henry
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19. Material y métodos: Revisión sistemática que incluyó estudios observacionales con factores de riesgo de la enfermedad cardiovascular en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19, con texto disponible, en idioma inglés o español; se excluyeron cartas al editor, resúmenes, documentos y ensayos clínicos, estudios sin datos confiables y fuentes duplicadas. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de literatura en PubMed, MEDLINE y JAMA, del 12 al 18 de junio de 2021, se evaluó estrategias de búsqueda mediante el programa del Manual Cochrane de revisiones sistemáticas. Se utilizó el programa Mendeley para gestionar las referencias bibliográficas y eliminación de estudios. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica de artículos con herramientas del Instituto Nacional del Corazón, Pulmones y Sangre (NHLBI), y se proporcionó una calificación general ≥ 75 % bueno, 50-75 % regular, < 50 % malo. Resultados: De 400 artículos se seleccionaron 10 estudios de cohortes, 3 retrospectivos, 1 prospectivo y 1 revisión sistemática y metaanálisis. Los factores de riesgo de la enfermedad cardiovascular en pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19, en esta revisión sistemática fueron: el 46 % de los pacientes padeció hipertensión arterial (HTA); el 21 %, diabetes mellitus; el 15 %, dislipidemia; el 10 %, enfermedad renal crónica (ERC); el 6 %, infarto miocardio (IAM); el 5 %, obesidad mórbida; el 4 %, insuficiencia cardiaca crónica (ICC) y fibrilación a u r i c u l a r ( FA ) ; y e l 3 % , e n f e r m e d a d cerebrovascular (ECV ). Conclusión: Los principales factores de riesgo de la enfermedad cardiovascular en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 fueron: hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia, infarto de miocardio y obesidad.
Factors Associated with Macular Staphyloma Area on Ultra-widefield Fundus Images
Authors: Zhang Xinmei , Pazo Emmanuel Eric , Zhang Aoqi , Yang Lanting , Dai Guangzheng , Wu Xianwei , Xia Yang , Meshi Amit , He Wei , Lin Tiezhu
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of applying ultra-widefield fundus (UWF) images for macular staphyloma area (MSA) measurement and investigate the associated factors with MSA.Methods: This is a retrospective study. MSA was measured by UWF imaging. Central foveal thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, subfoveal scleral thickness were measured on spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Intraclass correlation coefficients of MSA measurement would be evaluated. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the associated factors with MSA.Results: In total, 135 eyes of 92 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 64.73 ± 10.84 years. Mean MSA on UWF image was 279.67 ± 71.70 mm2. Intraclass correlation coefficients of MSA measurement was 0.965 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.946 to 0.977; p < 0.001). In the multiple linear regression analysis, after adjusting for subfoveal choroidal thickness, best-corrected visual acuity, central foveal thickness, and subfoveal scleral thickness, the factors independently related to MSA were axial length (β = 8.352; 95% CI, 3.306 to 13.398; p = 0.001), sex (β = -26.673; 95% CI, -51.759 to -1.586; p = 0.037), age (β = 1.184; 95% CI, 0.020 to 2.348; p = 0.046).Conclusions: It is feasible to measure MSA on UWF image. Female, longer axial length, and older age may indicate larger MSA.
Clinical Outcomes of Nanothin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty in Korean Patients with Corneal Endothelial Dysfunction
Authors: Han Ye Eun , Chung Ho Seok , Lee Hun , Kim Jae Yong , Tchah Hungwon
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of nanothin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in Korean patients with corneal endothelial dysfunction.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of the patients who underwent nanothin DSAEK (graft thickness ≤50 μm) due to corneal endothelial dysfunction and followed up more than 1 year. We evaluated best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central corneal thickness, and corneal endothelial cell density at preoperative and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.Results: Sixteen eyes of 16 patients with the mean follow-up period of 13.00 ± 0.96 months were included. The mean graft thickness after deswelling was 45.25 ± 4.59 µm (range, 38.0–50.0 µm). The mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA improved from 1.37 ± 0.53 preoperatively to 0.68 ± 0.46, 0.55 ± 0.35, 0.40 ± 0.25, and 0.39 ± 0.25 at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively (p = 0.005, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001), respectively. The mean central corneal thickness improved from 752.00 ± 129.11 to 555.75 ± 54.66 µm at 12 months postoperatively (p = 0.006). The mean graft endothelial cell density decreased from 2,859.62 ± 228.34 to 1,542.25 ± 627.34 cells/mm2 at 12 months postoperatively (p = 0.012). The postoperative complications included increased intraocular pressure (n = 3, 18.75%) and graft dislocation (n = 1, 6.25%), all of which were successfully managed by anterior chamber paracentesis or rebubbling. No other serious complications were encountered.Conclusions: Nanothin DSAEK produced significant and stable visual improvements without severe postoperative complications in Korean patients with corneal endothelial dysfunction.
Clinical Factors Associated with the Early Reduction of Corneal Sensitivity in Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
Authors: Kim Minjeong , Chun Yeoun Sook , Moon Nam Ju , Kim Kyoung Woo
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To identify clinical factors associated with the early reduction of corneal sensitivity (CS) in patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO).Methods: Total 30 subjects were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of an early reduction of CS (group 1, normal CS; group 2, decreased CS). The demographics, ocular manifestations of HZO, and the ocular surface parameters were compared between two groups. Then, the relative risks of variables were analyzed to expect the early decrease of CS by HZO using logistic regression analysis.Results: Among total 30 subjects, the CS decreased in 10 subjects (3.2 ± 1.4 cm, group 2) and the other 20 subjects revealed normal CS (6.0 ± 0.0 cm, group 1). The age was higher in the group 2 (67.0 ± 16.6 years) than in group 1 (48.0 ± 17.6 years, p = 0.013), but sex and the comorbidity of diabetes mellitus was not difference between groups. The presence of corneal punctate epithelial erosions was a single factor among the ocular manifestations of HZO, which discriminated group 1 (5%) and group 2 (60%, p = 0.002). The ocular surface staining scores (i.e., National Eye Institute scores and Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance ocular surface score) were higher in group 2 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.021, respectively) than in group 1. The existence of corneal punctate epithelial erosions revealed as a sole risk factor for the early reduction of CS (odds ratio = 33.085; p = 0.016).Conclusions: It is necessary to pay attention to the possible occurrence of neurotrophic keratopathy especially in older patients with HZO showing an initial presence of corneal punctate epithelial erosions.
Maternal Immunization
Authors: Böhmer Merle M.
Published: January 2022

Due to immunological peculiarities in pregnancy, pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to a number of infectious diseases.
Vaccinations before conception or during pregnancy can protect pregnant women from infection or severe courses of several vaccine-preventable diseases.
Transplacental transfer of maternal IgG antibodies (induced by vaccination of the women before or during pregnancy or natural infection) protects the newborn from a variety of diseases in the first months of life.
Maternal antibodies (mainly IgA) can also be secreted into the breast milk and provide additional protection for breastfed newborns and young infants.
Inactivated vaccines are generally safe and effective in pregnancy.
Live-attenuated vaccines are generally contraindicated in pregnancy.
Routine vaccinations in pregnancy include vaccinations against influenza, tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis and are recommended in many countries worldwide. In the current pandemic situation, routine vaccination against COVID-19 is recommended for pregnant women as well.
Kesikli Verilerde Meta Analizi Uygulaması: Laktasyon Sırasının Topallık Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: KARAHAN Ahmet Erhan , AKBAŞ Yavuz
Published: January 2022

Meta analizi belirli bir konuda birbirinden bağımsız olarak yapılmış çalışma sonuçlarının birlikte değerlendirildiği istatistiksel bir yöntemdir. Bu yöntem örnek büyüklüğünün artırılması sonucu parametrelerin daha güvenilir bir şekilde tahmin edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada Siyah Alaca süt ineklerinde topallığın laktasyon sırasına göre değişimi meta analizi ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmada topallığın laktasyon sırasına göre değişimini gösteren 34 işletmenin sonuçları, farklı çalışma sonuçları olarak ele alınmış ve meta analizi yürütülmüştür. Topallık, 1-5 arasında değişen skalaya göre belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada ilk iki skalaya dahil edilen sığırların topallık bakımından sağlıklı olduğu, 3-5 nolu skalalara sahip sığırların ise topal olduğu kabul edilerek topallık bakımından topallık pozitif ve topallık negatif olmak üzere iki seviye oluşturulmuştur. Olasılık oranı için tek adım (Peto) yönteminden ve çalışmalar arası heterojenliğin tespitinde Q testinden yararlanılmıştır. Farklı çalışmalarda saptanan olasılık oranları sabit etkiler modeli altında birleştirilmiş ve genel olasılık oranı 0.574 düzeyinde saptanmış ve önemli bulunmuştur (P
Geotrichum citri-aurantii’nin Sebep Olduğu Turunçgil Ekşi Çürüklük Hastalığının Biyolojik Mücadelesinde Endofit Bakterilerin Biyokontrol Potansiyellerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: SOYLU Soner , KARA Merve , SOYLU Emine Mine , UYSAL Aysun , KURT Şener
Published: January 2022

Turunçgil meyveleri, çeşitli fungal hastalık etmenleri tarafından neden olunan hasat sonrası hastalıklara karşı oldukça duyarlıdır. Geotrichum citri-aurantii'nin neden olduğu ekşi çürüklük, turunçgillerin en önemli hasat sonrası hastalıklarından biridir. Hastalıkla mücadelede genellikle sentetik fungisitler yaygın olarak kullanılsa da söz konusu uygulamaların son yıllarda etkisizliğinin yanı sıra insan sağlığı ve çevre üzerine olan zararlı etkileri birçok çalışmada bildirilmiştir. Hasat sonrası hastalıklara karşı antagonistik bakteri etmenlerinin kullanıldığı biyolojik mücadele, sentetik fungisitlere umut verici bir alternatif olduğu birçok farklı konukçu bitki patojen ilişkilerinin irdelendiği çalışmalarda araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada sağlıklı turunçgil ağaçlarının meyve, dal ve yapraklarından elde edilen endofitik bakteri izolatlarının biyokontrol potansiyelleri G. citri-aurantii'ye karşı petri denemeleri (in vitro) ve meyve testleri (yarı in vivo) ile araştırılmıştır. İzole edilen 24 aday bakteri izolatı arasından seçilen on altı farklı bakteri izolatı G. citri-aurantii'nin misel gelişiminin engellenmesi üzerine olan antagonistik potansiyeli in vitro çalışmalarda değerlendirilmiştir. Test edilen bakteriler arasında Bacillus spp. ait izolatlar fungal etmenin misel gelişimini % 59.5-78.6 oranında engellemiştir. En yüksek antagonistik etkinlik B. subtilis CM8 (% 78.6) izolatı tarafından neden olunmuştur. Acinetobacter johnsonii CT7, Erwinia herbicola CM5, Pseudomonas putida CL2, Pantoea agglomerans CM14, Acinetobacter lwoffii CP1 ve Stenotrophomonas maltophilia CP3 izolatları, ikili kültür denemelerinde misel gelişimini engellemede başarısız olmuştur. Bakteriyel izolatların antagonistik etkinlikleri, fungus inokulasyonundan önceki ön inkübasyon süresi ile artmıştır. Bacillus spp ait izolatlar engellenme bölgesine yakın noktalardaki hiflerde vakuolleşme, büzüşme, şişme ve erime gibi önemli morfolojik değişikliklere neden olmuştur. Yapay olarak enfekte edilen turunçgil meyveleri üzerinde hastalık çıkışı Bacillus spp. ait izolatlar tarafından % 56.7-83.3 gibi önemli oranlarda baskılanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Bacillus spp. ait izolatların güçlü antagonistik aktivitelerinden dolayı, turunçgillerin hasat sonrası hastalık etmen(ler)i ile mücadelesinde biyofungisit olarak kullanılma potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.
BENIGN CUTANEOUS LYMPHOCYTOMA: CLINICAL CASE
Authors:   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Kutasevych Yanina , Oliinyk I. O. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Mashtakova I. O. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Matiushenko V. P. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine»
Published: January 2022

The objective: to focus the attention of dermatovenerologists on the provoking factors of the development of benign cutaneous lymphocytoma, in particular of infectious genesis, to recall the features of diagnosis, to familiarize with a recent case of dermatosis. Materials and methods. A 54-year-old man was under observation, who was treated at the place of residence for a long time. The object of the study was the diagnosis of benign cutaneous lymphocytoma. Results. The diagnosis was established with the help of an examination for the presence of infectious provoking factors of dermatosis and a comprehensive assessment of the studies conducted. Given that benign cutaneous lymphoplasia is most common among cutaneous pseudolymphomas, dermatosis requires careful attention to diagnosis, in particular, the identification of provoking factors. Conclusions. The diagnosis of benign cutaneous lymphoplasia is based on a comprehensive assessment of anamnestic data, clinical signs, mandatory histological, immunohistochemical and enzyme immunoassay.
The Dual Role of an Air Distribution System, Both Reducing the Concentration of Infectious Agents and Spreading Infectious Agents
Authors: Sandberg Mats
Published: January 2022

Ventilation removing and spreading contaminants.

A large number of people becoming sick due to the COVID -19 pandemic are infected in their homes. Therefore, the spread of infectious agents, when infectious and susceptible individuals are together in their homes, is an important issue. Usually, ventilation is regarded as a process of only diluting and removing contaminants, but it is also a mechanism for spreading contaminants. The latter issue is of major importance when there is a pandemic. An air distribution system must, therefore, be viewed from a wider perspective than is generally the case. There is a need for a shift of paradigm. The scope of this study is to introduce new concepts that will make it possible to analyze air distribution systems from such a wider perspective.
Neuroprotective Effects of Omentin-1 Against Cerebral Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury via Activating GAS6/Axl Signaling Pathway in Neuroblastoma Cells
Authors: Niu Xiaochen , Cheng Ye , Zhang Meng , Du Luyang , Wu Xue , Lu Chenxi , Li Xiyang , Liu Shuai , Zhao Aizhen , Zhang Shaofei , Wu Zhen , Ding Baoping , Shi Wenzhen , Wang Changyu , Yang Yang , Tian Ye
Published: January 2022

Ischemic stroke is characterized by insufficient blood supply to brain tissue and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in adults worldwide. Growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6) is a vitamin K-dependent protein and is widely expressed in the central nervous system. The biological functions of GAS6 are mediated by the interaction with TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mertk) receptors, including cell survival and proliferation, immune regulation and apoptosis. Omentin-1, also known as intelectin-1 (ITLN-1), is a novel adipocytokine that is involved in a variety of biological events, such as insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, programmed cell death and metabolic disorders. Our previous study has found that omentin-1 act as a novel regulator of vascular and anti-apoptotic response in cerebral ischemia. However, the specific molecular mechanism of omentin-1’s protective effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is still unclear. First, the toxicity of recombinant human omentin-1 (rh-omentin) was assessed and a safe concentration was chosen for the next experiments. Then, rh-omentin exerted neuroprotection against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in N2a cells, indicated by increased cell viability, decreased LDH, ROS generation, and cell apoptotic rate. Furthermore, the similar protective effect was observed in omentin-1 overexpression cells constructed by lentivirus transfection. Rh-omentin could also inhibit H/R-induced apoptotic molecules, oxidative stress molecules, and GAS6/Axl signaling molecules which as evidence by increased omentin-1, GAS6, Axl, p-Axl, NQO1, HO-1, Nrf2, Bcl2 and decreased Bax expressions. However, GAS6 siRNA could reverse rh-omentin-induced neuroprotection and the levels of these molecules mentioned above. In conclusion, these findings suggest that omentin-1 treatment exerts neuroprotection against H/R injury partly via activating GAS6/Axl signaling at least. Therefore, these finding may favor omentin-1 a potential neuroprotective drug candidate to alleviate ischemia-reperfusion injury in clinic.
Nanoscale Metal−Organic Frameworks and Their Nanomedicine Applications
Authors: Zhao Dan , Zhang Wang , Wu Zhi-Han , Xu Hui
Published: January 2022

Abundant connectivity among organic ligands and inorganic metal ions makes the physical and chemical characters of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) could be precisely devised and modulated for specific applications. Especially nanoscale MOFs (NMOFs), a unique family of hybrid nanomaterials, with merits of holding the nature as the mainstay MOFs and demonstrating particle size in nanoscale range which enable them prospect platform in clinic. Adjustability of composition and structure allows NMOFs with different constituents, shapes, and characteristics. Oriented frameworks and highly porous provide enough space for packing therapeutic cargoes and various imaging agents efficiently. Moreover, the relatively labile metal-ligand bonds make NMOFs biodegradable in nature. So far, as a significant class of biomedically relevant nanomaterials, NMOFs have been explored as drug carriers, therapeutic preparation, and biosensing and imaging preparation owing to their high porosity, multifunctionality, and biocompatibility. This review provides up-to-date developments of NMOFs in biomedical applications with emphasis on size control, synthetic approaches, and surfaces functionalization as well as stability, degradation, and toxicity. The outlooks and several crucial issues of this area are also discussed, with the expectation that it may help arouse widespread attention on exploring NMOFs in potential clinical applications.
Rational Design and Preparation of Functional Hydrogels for Skin Wound Healing
Authors: Hao Ruinan , Cui Zhuoyi , Zhang Xindan , Tian Ming , Zhang Liqun , Rao Feng , Xue Jiajia
Published: January 2022

Skin wound healing often contains a series of dynamic and complex physiological healing processes. It is a great clinical challenge to effectively treat the cutaneous wound and regenerate the damaged skin. Hydrogels have shown great promise for skin wound healing through the rational design and preparation to endow with specific functionalities. In the mini review, we firstly introduce the design and construction of various types of hydrogels based on their bonding chemistry during cross-linking. Then, we summarize the recent research progress on the functionalization of bioactive hydrogel dressings for skin wound healing, including anti-bacteria, anti-inflammatory, tissue proliferation and remodeling. In addition, we highlight the design strategies of responsive hydrogels to external physical stimuli. Ultimately, we provide perspectives on future directions and challenges of functional hydrogels for skin wound healing.
Dynamic Upper and Lower Airway Microbiotas in Paediatric Bronchiectasis Exacerbations: A Pilot Study
Authors: Broderick David T. J. , Regtien Tyler , Ainsworth Alana , Taylor Michael W. , Pillarisetti Naveen
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis is a respiratory health condition with many possible aetiologies, some of which are potentially reversible in childhood with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. It is important to understand factors which contribute to progression or potential resolution of bronchiectasis. It is evident that respiratory exacerbations are a key feature of bronchiectasis disease progression. In this pilot study we document how the microbiota of the upper and lower airways presents during the course of an exacerbation and treatment.

Methods

We recruited children (aged 1-15) undergoing antibiotic treatment for bronchiectasis exacerbations at Starship Children’s Hospital and outpatient clinics. Sputum and nasal swabs were taken before and after antibiotic treatment. Sample DNA was extracted, then bacterial 16S rRNA genes amplified and sequenced via Illumina MiSeq.

Results

Thirty patients were recruited into this study with 81 samples contributing to the final dataset, including 8 patients with complete sets of upper and lower airway samples at both (before and after antibiotics) timepoints. Changes in alpha-diversity over the course of an exacerbation and treatment were non-significant. However, sample composition did alter over the course of an exacerbation, with most notably a reduction in the relative abundance of amplicon sequence variants assigned to Haemophilus.

Discussion

Haemophilus has been associated with more severe symptoms in respiratory infections and a reduction in its relative abundance may represent a positive shift in a patient’s microbiota. Current treatments for bronchiectasis may preserve bacterial diversity while altering microbiota composition.
The circRNA circSIAE Inhibits Replication of Coxsackie Virus B3 by Targeting miR-331-3p and Thousand and One Amino-Acid Kinase 2
Authors: Yang Qingru , Li Yuhan , Wang Yan , Qiao Xiaorong , Liu Tingjun , Wang Hua , Shen Hongxing
Published: January 2022

Coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3), an enterovirus, is the main pathogen causing viral myocarditis, pericarditis, hepatitis and other inflammation-related diseases. Non-coding RNAs with a closed loop molecular structure, called circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been shown to be involved in multiple virus-related processes, but roles and mechanisms in CVB3 infection have not been systematically studied. In this study, when HeLa cells were infected with CVB3, the expression of hsa_circ_0000367 (circSIAE) was significantly decreased as demonstrated by real-time quantitative PCR assays. We found that circSIAE downregulated the expression of miR-331-3p through direct binding and inhibited the replication of CVB3 in HeLa and 293T cells. The analysis of signals downstream of miR-331-3p suggested that miR-331-3p promotes CVB3 replication, viral plaque formation and fluorescent virus cell production through interactions with the gene coding for thousand and one amino-acid kinase 2 (TAOK2). In conclusion, this study found that circSIAE can target TAOK2 through sponge adsorption of miR-331-3p to inhibit the replication and proliferation of CVB3 virus, providing an early molecular target for the diagnosis of CVB3 infection.
Impact of Genetic Diversity and Genome Plasticity of Leishmania spp. in Treatment and the Search for Novel Chemotherapeutic Targets
Authors: Santi Ana Maria Murta , Murta Silvane Maria Fonseca
Published: January 2022

Leishmaniasis is one of the major public health concerns in Latin America, Africa, Asia, and Europe. The absence of vaccines for human use and the lack of effective vector control programs make chemotherapy the main strategy to control all forms of the disease. However, the high toxicity of available drugs, limited choice of therapeutic agents, and occurrence of drug-resistant parasite strains are the main challenges related to chemotherapy. Currently, only a small number of drugs are available for leishmaniasis treatment, including pentavalent antimonials (SbV), amphotericin B and its formulations, miltefosine, paromomycin sulphate, and pentamidine isethionate. In addition to drug toxicity, therapeutic failure of leishmaniasis is a serious concern. The occurrence of drug-resistant parasites is one of the causes of therapeutic failure and is closely related to the diversity of parasites in this genus. Owing to the enormous plasticity of the genome, resistance can occur by altering different metabolic pathways, demonstrating that resistance mechanisms are multifactorial and extremely complex. Genetic variability and genome plasticity cause not only the available drugs to have limitations, but also make the search for new drugs challenging. Here, we examined the biological characteristics of parasites that hinder drug discovery.
From Urban Places to Outdoor Spaces: Field-Tested Practices for Engaging BIPOC Youth and Diversifying Outdoor Recreation
Authors: Thomas Mariko O. , Thomas Charles H.
Published: January 2022

This perspective piece offers tools from the field on crucial strategies for successful BIPOC focused outdoor recreation programs. Drawing from applied work in the field, we reflect on the role outdoor nonprofits have played in our family’s relationship with “nature” and what we have learned from work with the Los Angeles based nonprofit Outward Bound Adventures (OBA) about diversifying outdoor recreation. We argue for more inquiries from the communication discipline on racial diversity in the outdoors, and suggest five important strategies to working with youth in outdoor nonprofits. These include: grapple with intersectionality, remind students “nature” is wherever they are, make change intergenerational, apply “forced” opportunity, and hire leaders reflective of the student population. In doing so, we hope to provide groundwork for potential studies from the communication discipline on the overall topic of outdoor recreation and race.
Fostering Coexistence Between People and Large Carnivores in Africa: Using a Theory of Change to Identify Pathways to Impact and Their Underlying Assumptions
Authors: Durant Sarah M. , Marino Agnese , Linnell John D. C. , Oriol-Cotterill Alayne , Dloniak Stephanie , Dolrenry Stephanie , Funston Paul , Groom Rosemary J. , Hanssen Lise , Horgan Jane , Ikanda Dennis , Ipavec Audrey , Kissui Bernard , Lichtenfeld Laly , McNutt J. Weldon , Mitchell Nicholas , Naro Elizabeth , Samna Abdoulkarim , Yirga Gidey
Published: January 2022

Coexistence with large carnivores poses challenges to human well-being, livelihoods, development, resource management, and policy. Even where people and carnivores have historically coexisted, traditional patterns of behavior toward large carnivores may be disrupted by wider processes of economic, social, political, and climate change. Conservation interventions have typically focused on changing behaviors of those living alongside large carnivores to promote sustainable practices. While these interventions remain important, their success is inextricably linked to broader socio-political contexts, including natural resource governance and equitable distribution of conservation-linked costs and benefits. In this context we propose a Theory of Change to identify logical pathways of action through which coexistence with large carnivores can be enhanced. We focus on Africa's dryland landscapes, known for their diverse guild of large carnivores that remain relatively widespread across the continent. We review the literature to understand coexistence and its challenges; explain our Theory of Change, including expected outcomes and pathways to impact; and discuss how our model could be implemented and operationalized. Our analysis draws on the experience of coauthors, who are scientists and practitioners, and on literature from conservation, political ecology, and anthropology to explore the challenges, local realities, and place-based conditions under which expected outcomes succeed or fail. Three pathways to impact were identified: (a) putting in place good governance harmonized across geographic scales; (b) addressing coexistence at the landscape level; and (c) reducing costs and increasing benefits of sharing a landscape with large carnivores. Coordinated conservation across the extensive, and potentially transboundary, landscapes needed by large carnivores requires harmonization of top-down approaches with bottom-up community-based conservation. We propose adaptive co-management approaches combined with processes for active community engagement and informed consent as useful dynamic mechanisms for navigating through this contested space, while enabling adaptation to climate change. Success depends on strengthening underlying enabling conditions, including governance, capacity, local empowerment, effective monitoring, and sustainable financial support. Implementing the Theory of Change requires ongoing monitoring and evaluation to inform adaptation and build confidence in the model. Overall, the model provides a flexible and practical framework that can be adapted to dynamic local socio-ecological contexts.
Simultaneous Percutaneous Interventional Treatment of Atrial Septal Defects and Pulmonary Valve Stenosis in Children Under the Guidance of Transoesophageal Echocardiography Alone: Preliminary Experiences
Authors: Lu Xuning , Wen Ping , Liu Yuhang , Zhu Quanwei , Wang Ning
Published: January 2022

Objective

To investigate the efficacy and safety of simultaneous percutaneous interventional treatment of atrial septal defects (ASDs) and pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) in children under the guidance of transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) alone.

Methods

Eleven children with ASD combined with PS who were treated at our hospital between March 2015 and March 2019 were recruited, including 4 males and 7 females. Preoperative transthoracic echocardiography showed that all patients had type II ASDs of the foramen ovale subtype, with a maximum diameter of 12.9 ± 2.7 mm (9.0–18.0 mm). The guiding principle of septal occluder selection is that the diameter of the occluder should be 2–4 mm larger than the maximum diameter of the ASD. The pressure gradient across the pulmonary valve in patients with PS was 54.7 ± 5.8 mmHg (47.0–64.0 mmHg), and a balloon with a diameter 1.2–1.4 times the diameter of the pulmonary valve annulus was used for dilatation. Effective dilatation was repeated 2–3 times. All children underwent ASD occlusion and PS balloon dilatation through the femoral vein under TEE guidance without radiation or contrast agents. The patients underwent PS balloon dilatation first, followed by ASD occlusion. The treatment effect was evaluated by TEE immediately after the procedure, and the patients were followed up regularly.

Results

All patients underwent successful simultaneous ASD occlusion and PS balloon dilatation through the femoral vein under the guidance of TEE alone. The pressure gradient across the pulmonary valve immediately after the procedure was 21.3 ± 1.8 mmHg (19.0–25.0 mmHg) (P < 0.01). No shunt was detected at the atrial septum level. The patients were followed for 3.0 ± 1.4 years (1.0–5.0 years) after the procedure. The atrial septal occluders were in the normal position in all of the patients, and there was no arrhythmia, hemolysis, or residual shunting. The pressure gradient across the pulmonary valve at 1 month after the procedure was 18.5 ± 3.3 mmHg (P < 0.01).

Conclusion

Simultaneous percutaneous interventional treatment of ASD and PS in children under the guidance of TEE alone is not only safe and effective but also prevents trauma caused by extracorporeal circulation and surgical incision and damage caused by X-ray and contrast agents. The surgical sequence included first performing PS balloon dilatation, followed by ASD occlusion.
Time-Lag Effect: River Algal Blooms on Multiple Driving Factors
Authors: Liu Chengjian , Chen Yan , Zou Lei , Cheng Bingfen , Huang Tonghui
Published: January 2022

Compared to the eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs, the mechanism of river algal blooms in a flowing water body are more complicated, and often lead to serious consequence in catchment scale. Due to the simultaneous impact of a variety of environmental pressures, the water ecosystem integrity state often shows a response characteristic of accumulation, complexity and time lag, therefore it is difficult to use conventional hydrodynamic and water quality models to scientifically characterize and analyze. The lower Hanjiang River (HR) is an important influence area of the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) in China, continuous river blooms issue has become a major national concern. In this study, a time-lag analysis approach was developed to identify the causes of algal blooms formation and the time-lag response law in the lower HR, including principal component analysis (PCA), grey relation analysis (GRA), and Almon Distributed Lag Model. Results found that, the hydrological regime (ΔH) contributes the most to the river bloom, especially due to the flow hindrance of the Yangtze River (YR) and the water project upstream. It is also found that the algal bloom outbreak in the lower HR is not an immediate response to the driving factors. It has a time lag of about 1 period (10 days) in the response with antecedent driving factors. Finally, we discussed the influence and its responding mechanism of ΔH on the growth of phytoplankton. The research can provide early warning for the prevention and control of algal blooms in the large river system.