bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teori Produksi Berdasarkan Perspektif Islam
Authors: Habibulloh
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Production activity is a mandatory thing to do in order to meet all human needs and to take advantage of the availability of natural resources to fulfill all what is needed by humans by producing them and processing them. In Islam itself, it is also explained about being a good producer based on the theory of production in Islamic economics. Therefore, this journal aims to provide a general description and knowledge of the general public and especially for producers to understand the flow of the Islamic religion in explaining production theory and regulating it. The method used to describe this research is descriptive qualitative method, meaning that the technique used in this research is a literature study that focuses on finding information from journals, books or other forms of writing. The results of this study are a producer in the view of Islam has limits in production, but this limitation does not only apply to creativity but also to the prohibition on producing illicit goods. Basically, conventional theory and sharia have differences in terms of the amount, revenue and costs themselves, in conventional production theory also recognizes the interest system which is contrary to sharia production theory which recognizes profit sharing.
Kredit Usaha Rakyat dan Perkembangan UMKM di Kabupaten Simeulue Pasca Covid-19
Authors: Syamsuar Syamsuar , Ikhwan M. , Sabi Marchi Raida
Published: April 2022

Abstract :

People's Business Credit (KUR) is a form of government program in increasing access to financing for Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) with low-interest rates, this program is channeled through financial institutions with guarantee patterns. KUR funds are given to people who have productive businesses with varying amounts to the business conditions involved, but during the covid-19 pandemic, the MSME sector also experienced the difficulty of installment returns, so this study was conducted to answer two fundamental questions, are: how KUR funds in the review of sharia economic law and how the fate of MSMEs during the covid-19 pandemic in Simeulue Regency. This research is qualitative research and data collection techniques using observation, interview, and documentation, while data analysis uses descriptive techniques. Based on the results of research it can be concluded that in the incarnation of Sharia economic law regarding KUR there are two opinions, first declaring the law haram because it includes riba, while the second opinion asserts that the legal KUR can and does not include riba. The difference lies in whether or not the interest of the KUR. Then the influence of covid-19 on MSMEs in Simeulue Regency is bad for the development of community businesses due to the lack of buyer interest so that the weakening of their income and the effect on delayed installment payments beyond the due date.
Pengaruh Persepsi Konsumen Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Private Label Indomaret (Studi Kasus Pada Konsumen Indomaret Plus Jl. Jokotole No. 22 Kabupaten Pamekasan)
Authors: Ningsih Dwi Sulistiyawati , Priyadi Ira Hasti
Published: April 2022

Salah satu strategi pengusaha ritel modern untuk meningkatkan penjualan adalah melalui produk private label (product private label). PT. Indomarco Prismatama adalah perusahaan Indonesia yang bergerak di bidang ritel modern (minimarket Indomaret) yang mengembangkan private label sebagai salah satu strategi untuk mendapatkan keunggulan kompetitif di sektor ritel. Produk private label yang dikembangkan berkaitan erat dengan penilaian konsumen berdasarkan persepsi masing-masing konsumen. Dalam penelitian ini akan dikaji bagaimana pengaruh persepsi konsumen terhadap keputusan pembelian produk private label yaitu dilihat dari faktor persepsi harga, persepsi kualitas produk, dan persepsi risiko. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis asosiatif. Sumber data diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada konsumen yang pernah membeli atau mengkonsumsi produk private label Indomaret Plus Kabupaten Pamekasan. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 96 responden yang ditentukan menggunakan metode Sampling Insidental. Sedangkan teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel persepsi harga berpengaruh signifikan, sedangkan variabel persepsi kualitas produk dan persepsi risiko tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Namun, secara simultan semua variabel persepsi konsumen harga, persepsi kualitas produk dan persepsi risiko berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian produk private label Indomaret Plus Jl. Jokotole No. 22 Kabupaten Pamekasan.
Services Responding to Domestic Violence Survivors’ Needs: A Study of Pennsylvania Providers’ Perspective
Authors: Sharma Yasoda , Vafeas John
Published: April 2022

This research examined domestic violence services and programs provided in rural and urban Pennsylvania. It identified the potential gaps in services and assessed programs adequacies from the perspective of program leaders. The study examined the needs and characteristics of both agencies and their clients.  In addition, barriers to effective delivery of domestic violence services in Pennsylvania was examined.

A Structured questionnaire was used as a primary method of data collection and explored answers for research question on the challenges and opportunities Domestic Violence agencies’ leaderships experiences in providing services. Sampling frame included 60 service providers from Pennsylvania, of which 45 agencies serving the survivors of Domestic Violence participated. Funding for this research was provided by a University grant and the partnership with Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence provided technical assistance and access to agencies. The agency leaders who agreed to participate were contacted and both in person and telephonic interviews were conducted. The interview lasted for about 45 -60 minutes.

The study found that there is a wide consensus among leaders that transportation and transitional housing services are inadequate in their program service areas while services like crisis hotline, general advocacy and case management are exceptional.

Over 50% of the agencies did not comment on the adequacies of the services such as Job Coaching, Immigrations services, Divorce/Custody representation, and Criminal Court representation.

The results have several policy implications regarding federal and state government programs, specifically considerations to fund transportation, transitional housing and legal advocacy services.
Association between Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain with Obstetric and Neonatal Complications in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Chen Xu Juliana , Coelho Ângela
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Gestational diabetes is a condition that predisposes to complications during pregnancy and to the newborn. The aim of this study was to assess the association between body mass index and gestational weight gain and obstetric and neonatal complications in pregnant women with gestational diabetes.Material and Methods: Retrospective cohort study involving 13 467 singleton pregnancies with gestational diabetes, diagnosed between 2014 and 2018, in Portugal. This sample was distributed according to the World Health Organization body mass index categories (underweight, normal, overweight, or obese) and according to the Institute of Medicine guidelines for gestational weight gain groups (adequate, insufficient, or excessive). Binomial and multinomial logistic regression models were applied to determine risk factors for complications in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Data analysis was performed with SPSS version 25.Results: Pregestational overweight and obesity were associated with an increased risk of maternal morbidity (aOR: 1.31; aOR: 2.42), gestational hypertension (aOR: 1.56; aOR: 2.79) and caesarean section (aOR: 1.22; aOR: 1.77) whilst reducing the risk for small for gestational age [aOR: 0.73; aOR: 0.64 (Fenton chart); aOR: 0.69; aOR: 0.66 (Portuguese chart)]. Obesity alone was associated with increased preeclampsia events (aOR: 3.05), respiratory distress syndrome (aOR: 1.69), admission to neonatal intensive care unit (aOR: 1.54), macrosomia (aOR: 2.18), and large for gestational age [aOR: 2.03 (Fenton); aOR: 1.87 (Portuguese)] and decreased risk of low birthweight newborns (aOR: 0.62). Insufficient gestational weight gain was associated with a decreased risk of gestational hypertension (aOR: 0.69), preeclampsia (aOR: 0.44), Caesarean section (aOR: 0.81) and large for gestational age [aOR: 0.74 (Portuguese)] and increased risk of low birthweight (aOR: 1.36) and small for gestational age [aOR: 1.40 (Fenton)]. Excessive gestational weight gain was associated with increased risk of gestational hypertension (aOR: 1.53), hydramnios (aOR: 2.05), macrosomia (aOR: 2.02), and large for gestational age [aOR: 1.94 (Fenton); aOR: 1.92 (Portuguese)].Conclusion: Pregestational overweight and obesity, as well as excessive weight gain are associated with an increased risk of certain obstetric and neonatal complications. It is essential to have an appropriate pre- onceptional surveillance and a close follow-up during pregnancy in order to reduce the associated risks and the probable predisposition of these newborns to severe outcomes.
Negatif Dışsallıkların Çözüm Yollarının WINGS Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Coskun Ibrahim Tolga , Bozatli Oguzhan
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmada, negatif dışsallıkların içselleştirilmesinde önerilen piyasa ve kamusal çözüm önerilerinin karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu çerçevede, ilgili alanda yapılan çalışmalarda yaygın olarak önerilen on farklı kriter ele alınmış, bu kriterlerin değerlendirilmeleri, maliye teorisi veya mali iktisat anabilim dallarından birinde görev yapan akademisyenler tarafından yapılmıştır. Nitel görüşlerin nicel hale getirilebilmesi, birbiri ile ilişkili olan veya olmayan kriterlerin incelenebilmesi ve kriterler arasındaki ilişkilerin ortaya konulabilmesi için çok kriterli karar verme tekniklerinden biri olan WINGS yöntemi kullanılmıştır. WINGS yöntemi sonuçları ile akademisyenlerin tekil değerlendirme sonuçları verilmiş ve bu sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan karşılaştırmada akademisyen tekil değerlendirme görüşlerine paralel olan sonuçlar da elde edilmiş, bu görüşlerle uyuşmayan bulgulara da ulaşılmıştır. Bu benzerlikler ve farklılıklar çalışmada ele alınmış, olası nedenleri ile birlikte ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca kriterlerin birbirileri üzerindeki etkilerine göre, etkileyen grup ve etkilenen grup olarak farklılaşması da incelenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda negatif dışsallıkların çözüm yolları arasından kamusal çözümlerin, piyasa çözümlerine göre daha etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Vergi ve regülasyonların en etkili çözüm yolları olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
The Significance of Foreign Direct Investment Registered Projects and Employment Creation in the Sectors of Ghana’s Economy
Authors: Yeboah Evans , Agyei Dacosta Boateng , Li Ran , Sossoe Anita , Tetteh Mavis , Amankwa Aisha
Published: April 2022

The flow of foreign direct investment (FDI) into the Ghanaian economy has contributed significantly to the various sectors. This study seeks to assess the impact of registered investment (FDI and domestic) projects on employment generation in the agriculture, building & construction, manufacturing, and service sectors. The data for this study was obtained from the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre (GIPC) for the period 2001 to 2018. The Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS) test showed a unit root existence in the time series. The regression results show no significant impact of registered investment projects on the agriculture and manufacturing sectors at a 5% significance level. Our findings also indicated that employment creation through registered investment projects has no effect on the manufacturing industry. The outcome also revealed that the service sector benefits more from FDI than the other sectors. It is recommended that the government boost these non-performing sectors with incentives to attract more investors.
Comparison of energy expenditure and substrate oxidation between walking and running in men and women
Authors: Makino Akitoshi , Yamaguchi Keiichi , Sumi Daichi , Ichikawa Masaru , Ohno Masumi , Goto Kazushige
Published: April 2022

[Purpose] The present study compared energy metabolism between walking and running at equivalent speeds during two incremental exercise tests.[Methods] Thirty four university students (18 males, 16 females) were recruited. Each participant completed two trials, consisting of walking (Walk) and running (Run) trials on different days, with 2-3 days apart. Exercise on a treadmill was started from initial stage of 3 min (3.0 k/m in Walk trial, 5.0 km/h in Run trial), and the speed for walking and running was progressively every minute by 0.5 km/h. The changes in metabolic variables, heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during exercise were compared between the trials.[Results] Energy expenditure (EE) increased with speed in each trial. However, the Walk trial had a significantly higher EE than the Run trial at speeds exceeding 92 ± 2 % of the maximal walking speed (MWS, p < 0.01). Similarly, carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation was significantly higher in the Walk trial than in the Run trial at above 92 ± 2 %MWS in males (p < 0.001) and above 93 ± 1 %MWS in females (p < 0.05).[Conclusion] These findings suggest that EE and CHO oxidation during walking increase non-linearly with speed, and walking at a fast speed causes greater metabolic responses than running at the equivalent speed in young participants.
A Pós-Graduação em Música no Brasil
Authors: Duprat Régis
Published: April 2022

Este texto de Régis Duprat integra a “Introdução” ao seu “Memorial de atividades científicas, artísticas, didáticas e profissionais” apresentado ao Departamento de Música da Escola de Comunicações e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo como requisito ao Concurso de Professor Titular. A atualidade das reflexões do ano 1997 chamam a atenção, em especial a lúcida argumentação que, ao final, o autor apresenta a título de soluções para a problemática da pós-graduação em Música no Brasil. Extrapolando as expectativas de um Memorial, Duprat assim justifica a feliz ultrapassagem das tradicionais perspectivas do seu rico texto: “um Memorial é sempre uma reflexão sobre o trabalho que o autor desenvolveu em sua vida acadêmica pregressa e as coisas que escreveu durante toda a vida. Mas não estou muito preocupado com o que escrevi até aqui e sim com o destino da minha disciplina e da minha área, no sentido das suas possibilidades e limitações metódicas, das suas vicissitudes dentro do conjunto das ciências humanas e do dilema das suas verdades. O destino da minha disciplina é que me levou a escrever como escrevi no passado; na medida em que pesquisava, escrevia e publicava, refletia sobre aquele destino e sobre o meu próprio destino e trabalho disciplinar.” Nesse pensamento, encontra-se a essência de um pesquisador nato, a ética ingênita de um docente insigne, que durante sua produtiva carreira ocupou-se, principalmente, em decifrar o ethos de sua disciplina de uma forma que a fizesse significativa para a o seu tempo e a sua cultura. Duprat faleceu em 19 de dezembro de 2021, deixando a musicologia brasileira empobrecida. Proposta pela compositora e musicóloga Ilza Nogueira, a publicação deste texto homenageia o autor e expressa a eterna gratidão dos que absorveram seus lúcidos ensinamentos e trilham hoje o percurso que ele generosamente indicou e edificou.
The nullification of the 2019 presidentail election in Malawi. A Judicial Coup d’État?
Authors: Nkhata Mwiza Jo , Mwenifumbo Anganile Willie , Majamanda Alfred
Published: April 2022

In February 2020, the High Court of Malawi nullified the May 2019 presidential election and ordered a fresh election. This judgment was later confirmed by the Malawi Supreme Court of Appeal. These two judgments are monumental and unprecedented because this was only the second time a presidential election had been judicially nullified in Africa. The fresh presidential election also scored a first in Africa when it was won by an opposition candidate. These judgments carved new terrain for electoral law in Malawi and divided legal and political opinion. This paper offers a critical analysis of the two judgments. It focuses on the court’s treatment of the burden and standard of proof in electoral disputes; the interpretation of ‘majority’ to mean 50% + 1; and the effect of the nullification of the 2019 presidential election and consequential transitional issues. Overall, the paper concludes that while the outcome of the litigation garnered plaudits, the reasoning in the two judgments is not wholly persuasive.
ANALYSIS OF APPRAISAL SYSTEM IN THE EDITORIAL ABOUT UIGHUR, MIDLE EAST WITH CHINA
Authors: Akhiroh Ninuk Sholikhah
Published: April 2022

Objectivity and neutrality are hard to achieve in journalistic text. Editorial as part of journalistic text functioning to give opinion on certain issues should have its own standard of objectivity and neutrality. This study aimed at describing things, people, or parties involved in an issue carried by an editorial, and explain how the writer behaves and gives an assessment of the things, people, or parties. The study was held in a descriptive-qualitative method using Appraisal Theory to analyze the data taken from the editorial of an Indonesian news website. Research results showed various appraised items in the editorial meaning that there are various things and parties involved in the issue.  The attitude of the writer toward the issue was marked by the domination of negative expressions in affect and judgement, and a dominationn of positive expression in appreciation. The writer used different modes in proposing opinion. From the findings of the research it can be concluded that using proper expressions in showing attitude and providing reliable facts are key to write an ‘objective and neutral’ editorial.
ANALISIS KESANTUNAN TUTURAN DALAM NOVEL TABULA RASA KARYA RATIH KUMALA
Authors: Ismiyati Ida
Published: April 2022

Kesantunan berbahasa telah menempati tempat sentral dalam kehidupan sosial studi bahasa; bahkan telah menjadi bahan perdebatan intensif di sosiolinguistik dan pragmatik. Novel Tabula Rasa mengangkat dari dua latar belakang Negara dan masa yang berbeda yaitu Rusia dan Indonesia serta masa orde baru dan reformasi. Kesantunan linguistik dapat didefinisikan sebagai cara bahasa digunakan dalam percakapan untuk menunjukkan pertimbangan terhadap perasaan dan keinginan lawan bicara, untuk menciptakan dan menjunjung tinggi hubungan interpersonal (disebut perilaku politik), dan untuk mematuhi aturan untuk apa masyarakat. atau budaya seseorang menganggap perilaku yang tepat. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis tuturan dalam percakapan novel Tabula Rasa Karya Ratih Kumala yang mengandung maksim kesopanan. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Deskriptif dan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data baca catat. Dari hasil peneitian didapatkan 14 data tuturan dan 15 maksim dengan tujuh kategorinya yaitu : (1) maksim kebijakan dua tuturan, (2) maksim kedermawaan 2 tuturan, (3) maksim pujian tiga tuturan, (4) maksim kerendahan hati dua tuturan (5) maksim kesepakatan empat tuturan, (6) maksim simpati satu tuturan dan (7) maksim pertimbangan satu tuturan.  Dari satu bab novel Tabula Rasa didapatkan data 14 tuturan dengan 15 maksim dan 7 jenis maksim kesopanan. Penentuan percakapan yang ditulis untuk tokoh sangat menarik untuk dianalisis karena dapat mendapatkan sudut pandang penulis dalam mengekspresikan tokoh-tokohnya.

 
STRUKTUR CORPORATE GOVERNACE TERHADAP KESULITAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Riyan Dara Rifdah , Thamrin
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh Struktur Corporate Governance (CG) terhadap Kesulitan Keuangan. Kontribusi penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi kebenaran tujuan CG dan pencapaian serta dapat memberikan solusi untuk kondisi sebelum dan ketika perusahaan mengalami kesulitan keuangan dan menyediakan hal-hal yang dianggap penting untuk mengantisipasi kemungkinan terjadinya kesulitan keuangan. CG dalam penelitian ini menggunakan ukuran komite audit dan komisaris independen. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linear. Proporsi jumlah komite audit nyatanya mampu meminimalisir atau bahkan menjadi efek solutif dari kesulitan keuangan perusahaan di Indonesia. Komunite audit membantu dewan direksi dalam membantu mengatasi permasalahan internal perusahaan, komite audit dapat mengatasi masalah internal perusahaan dengan ukuran yang efektif sesuai dengan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan No. 55/POJK.04/2015 termasuk masalah kesulitan keuangan perusahaan. penelitian ini adalah komite audit berpengaruh  negatif terhadap kesulitan keuangan dan komisaris independen juga berpengaruh negatif terhadap kesulitan keuangan. Kontribusi proporsi komisaris independen ternyata lebih berkontribusi dari proporsi kepemilikan komite audit.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh Struktur Corporate Governance (CG) terhadap Kesulitan Keuangan. Kontribusi penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi kebenaran tujuan CG dan pencapaian serta dapat memberikan solusi untuk kondisi sebelum dan ketika perusahaan mengalami kesulitan keuangan dan menyediakan hal-hal yang dianggap penting untuk mengantisipasi kemungkinan terjadinya kesulitan keuangan. CG dalam penelitian ini menggunakan ukuran komite audit dan komisaris independen. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linear. Proporsi jumlah komite audit nyatanya mampu meminimalisir atau bahkan menjadi efek solutif dari kesulitan keuangan perusahaan di Indonesia. Komunite audit membantu dewan direksi dalam membantu mengatasi permasalahan internal perusahaan, komite audit dapat mengatasi masalah internal perusahaan dengan ukuran yang efektif sesuai dengan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan No. 55/POJK.04/2015 termasuk masalah kesulitan keuangan perusahaan. penelitian ini adalah komite audit berpengaruh  negatif terhadap kesulitan keuangan dan komisaris independen juga berpengaruh negatif terhadap kesulitan keuangan. Kontribusi proporsi komisaris independen ternyata lebih berkontribusi dari proporsi kepemilikan komite audit.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP MINAT MAHASISWA MENJADI ENTERPRENEUR MELALUI PRAKTIK BISNIS GILA MARKETING
Authors: Tobing Ikewanni Lumban , Rahmayanti Nida Putri
Published: April 2022

Penelitiani ini memiliki   tujuan   yakni   untuk   menguji   pengaruh pembelajaran  kewirausahaan  terhadap  minat  mahasiswaa  menjadi  entrepreneur  melaluii  praktik  bisnis  gila  marketing. Teknik yang digunakann  dalam  penelitian ini  yaitu dengan  cara  penyebaran  kuesioner  menggunakan  SPSS. Hasil penelitian ialah pembelajaran  kewirausahaan berpengaruh  terhadap minat  mahasiswa  menjadi  entrepreneur, dan praktikk  bisnis  gila  marketing  mampu  memperkuat pengaruh  pembelajaran  kewirausahaan  menjadi entrepreneur.
Effect Of Concentration and Frequency Of Administration Of Guano Fertilizer On The Growth and Production Of Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum var. Cerasiforme)
Authors: Prihatiningrum Andriani Eko , Raharjo Sony
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of  concentration and frequency of liquid guano fertilizer on the growth and production of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), conducted in Jiken Village, Tulangan District, Sidoarjo Regency, starting from January to March 2020. This experiment was arranged factorially using Randomized block design data analyzed using ragampa fingerprint at 5% level was repeated 3 times with the first factor, namely the concentration of liquid guano fertilizer consisting of no fertilizer, with a fertilizer concentration of 15ml / plant, with a fertilizer concentration of 20ml / plant, with a fertilizer concentration of 25ml / plants and with a fertilizer concentration of 30 ml / plant. The second factor was the frequency of the interval of guano liquid organic fertilizer, the frequency consisted of giving once a week from 7 DAS to 70 DAS, the frequency was given every 2 weeks from 14 DAS to 70 DAS. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, number of fruit crops and fruit weight. The results of the study using a 5% variance analysis showed that the frequency of application treatment had a very significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area and stem diameter. However, there is an interaction between the concentration of liquid guano fertilizer on the number of fruits and fruit weight. The results of this study indicate that the treatment with 30 ml of guano fertilizer with a frequency of 2 weeks gave better growth and tomato production.
The Common Peroneal Nerve Injuries
Authors: Yang Jinseo , Cho Yongjun
Published: April 2022

The dorsiflexion function of the peroneal nerve is important for human walking. Peroneal nerve damage has various etiologies, and the classification of the mechanism depends on the energy of the force responsible for injury. Peroneal nerve damage caused by low-energy mechanisms (entrapment, compression, and compartment) is not uncommon in neurosurgery, and accurate diagnosis and treatment of these conditions necessitate an understanding of the anatomical characteristics of the peroneal nerve, clinical symptoms, and prognosis. In addition to recent conventional diagnostic methods, diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging and the surgical method of external neurolysis and decompression of the fibular tunnel in PICPNe patients will be described.
Leveraging Languages for Learning: Incorporating Plurilingual Pedagogies in Early Childhood Education and Care
Authors: Cohrssen Caroline , Slaughter Yvette , Nicolas Edith
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Children are members of families and communities, and the languages learnt within these contexts contribute to a child’s sense of “belonging, being and becoming” throughout life (Department of Education Employment and Workplace Relations, 2009). Encouraging children to bring their home languages into early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings exposes all children to additional languages and supports key outcomes of the Early Years Learning Framework for Australia (EYLF; DEEWR, 2009). This article looks at the relationship between key tenets of the EYLF and conditions that support a plurilingual approach within ECEC settings, arguing that multilingualism can be encouraged and effectively supported within these environments. The authors outline Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory of development which continues to be influential in Australian ECEC, emphasizing the importance of proximal processes in child development. Examples are provided of educator behaviours set out in the EYLF that encourage linguistic diversity and promote language learning. The influence of three key variables on the valuing of languages is discussed, namely language ideologies, teacher beliefs and attitudes, and plurilingual pedagogies. Recommendations relating to the positive positioning of languages and the integration of plurilingual pedagogies into Australian ECEC contexts are provided.
Drug Repurposing and High-throughput screening against Phosphomannomutase for the treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: Nasibullah Malik , Sheikh Sabahat Yasmeen , Hassan Firoj , Khan Mohammad Faheem , Ahamad Tanveer , Ansari Waseem Ahmad , Akhter Yusuf , Khan Abdul Rahman
Published: April 2022

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is caused by the protozoan parasite L. maxicana is one of the major parasitic diseases throughout the world. Due to the lack of approved vaccines against CL, chemotherapy is the only modern treatment. These treatments have some major consequences including prolonged treatment, parenteral administration, tolerability, teratogenicity, etc. Presently, none of the current CL drugs have high levels of efficacy. Thus, the development of new and safer drugs possessing cost-effective, efficacious, oral and short course drugs is urgently needed. Drug repurposing is another method that can be used for the development of new therapeutic activities.When a new therapeutic activity would have been identified, the entities could be rapidly advanced into clinical trials. Phosphomannomutase (PMM) has become highlighted as potential drug targets due to its important role in the biosynthesis of glycoconjugates.These glycoconjugates are essential for parasite virulence.To identify new promising lead molecules, we have picked 8500 approved drugs for their potential to be repurposed for CL. The library of approved drugs was obtained from Zinc data-base and PMM structure (PDBID: -2i54) was retrieved from protein data bank and used for molecular docking simulation and protein-ligand interaction analysis. The protein structure was validated by the Procheck Ramachandran plot. The virtual screening of the full library of drugs by AutoDock Vina version PyRx 0.8 and selected 46 drug molecules and docking simulations were performed through Glide module of Schrodinger software. Saquinavir and Grazoprevir showed the highest binding affinity -10.144 and -10.131 kcal/mole respectively, was repurposed to be promising drug candidates for CL. To find the stability of complexes (saquinavir-2i54 and grazoprevi-2i54) were performed 100ns molecular dynamics simulation. In the molecular dynamics simulation trajectories of both complexes were analyzed. The results of grazoprevir-2i54 and saquinavir-2i54 complex were showed good stability in the active site of receptor. In conclusion, grazoprevir and saquinavir could be the alternative drugs for the treatment of CL.
The Functional Emulator Designs for a Memristor Model with the Programmable Analog and Digital Platforms
Authors: RANDRIANANTENAINA Jean Luck , BARAN Ahmet Yasin , KORKMAZ Nimet , KILIÇ Recai
Published: April 2022

The hardware validation and verification studies about the emulator circuits of the memristor element include usually either analog or digital realization results. In this study, the implementation stages of a memristor element using Joglekar window function with programmable and reconfigurable analog and digital platformsare given togetherin order to observe the characteristic current-voltage relationship,experimentally. In here, a Joglekar window function based voltage-controlled memristor has been implemented with the Field Programmable Analog Array (FPAA) platform for the first time. In fact, the FPAA platform attracts attentions thanks to its analog nature, rapid prototyping and low hardware cost specialties and different nonlinear functionscan be constructed on this device easily. Similarly, the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform stands out with its parallel processing feature in digital signal processing studies, recently. The FPGA-based digital implementation stages of the Joglekar window function based memristor element have been also addressed in this study. Thus, the FPAA and FPGA based memristor emulator designs are presented together in order to contribute the memristor-based analog and digital applications that is required to get real-time signals.
Design of Sierpinski Square Fractal Microstrip Patch Antenna with Parasitic Elements for Wideband Applications
Authors: Kattimani Bharamappa Irappa , Patil Rajendra R
Published: April 2022

The narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna is one of its key drawbacks. This work shows how a dual-layer stacked and parasitic arrangement, together with the effect of fractal designs, can provide wide bandwidth and high gain qualities in a microstrip patch antenna. For wideband applications, the proposed antenna design in stacked construction has a total bandwidth of 750MHz for S 11 -10dB. In order to reduce the antenna size, the Sierpinski square carpet fractal is used. This antenna exhibits a lower resonance frequency due to the space-filling property of fractal geometry. The resonance frequency of this patch antenna drops as iteration and iteration factors rise, according to experimental results. Wideband functioning is achieved with a size decrease of 70.1%. The proposed antenna design exhibits a 6.98dB gain. These qualities of wideband and higher gain make the proposed antenna an excellent one for wideband applications.
Tracking Short-term Health Impacts Attributed to Ambient PM2.5 and Ozone Pollution in Chinese Cities: An Assessment Integrates Daily Population
Authors: Guan Yang , Xiao Yang , Zhang Nannan , Chu Chengjun
Published: April 2022

Joint and synergistic control of PM2.5 and ozone pollution is an urgent need in China and a global-widely concerned issue. Health impact assessment could provide a comprehensive perspective for PM2.5-ozone coordinated control strategies. For a detailed understanding of the seasonality and regionality of the health impacts attributed to PM2.5 and ozone in China, this study extended the classic health impact function by daily population and assessed the short-term (daily) health impacts in 335 Chinese cities in 2021. Population migration indexes from Baidu were introduced to estimate the cities' daily population. Using this method, we quantitatively investigated the influence of population on short-term health impact assessment and identified which was significant in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region and other populous cities. Although the annual sums of PM2.5- and ozone-related daily health impacts were close for all Chinese cities, the PM2.5-related health impact was equivalent to 333.96% and 32.07% of that ozone-related, during the cold and warm periods. The Correlation and local spatial association analysis found significant city-specific and city-cluster associations of daily health impacts during the warm period and in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding regions (BTHS) and the Yangtze River Delta (YRD). Policymakers could promote period- and pollutant-targeted control actions for major city groups, especially the BTHS, YRD, and PRD. Our methods and findings investigated the various influences of the population on short-term health impact assessment and proposed the PM2.5-ozone collaborative control idea for key regions and city groups.
Linkages between Flooding Risk and Economic Damage over the Continental United States
Authors: Cisneros-Pineda Alfredo , Liu Jing , Grogan Danielle , Hertel Thomas W.
Published: April 2022

Economic damages from flooding are expected to grow, given the connection between hydrological systems and climate change. Yet, there are few studies analyzing flooding damages for the entirety of the contiguous U.S. that clearly measure the role of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability variables, and that are also suitable to perform spatially detailed predictions of future damages. We constructed a panel database for all U.S. counties between 1999-2018 encompassing: (1) property and human damages from fluvial and pluvial flooding, (2) river discharge, (3) the construction patterns of buildings, and (4) the incidence of flooding events to create proxy variables of flooding risk and its hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. Because damages are censored at zero, we perform an econometric regression using the method of trimmed least squares estimators described by Honoré (1992). The resulting estimates indicate the exposure variable as the main driver of flooding risk. We use these estimates to map the counties with highest predicted flooding risk for the next decade.
The Unprecedented Pacific Northwest Heatwave of June 2021
Authors: White Rachel , Anderson Sam , Booth James , Braich Ginni , Draeger Christina , Fei Cuiyi , Harley Christopher , Henderson Sarah , Jakob Matthias , Lau Carie-Ann , Admasu Lualawi Mareshet , Narinesingh Veeshan , Rodell Christopher , Roocroft Eliott , Weinberger Kate , West Greg
Published: April 2022

In late June to early July 2021 a heatwave of unprecedented magnitude impacted the Pacific Northwest region, lands colonially named British Columbia (BC) and Alberta (AB) in Canada, and Washington (WA) and Oregon (OR) in the United States. Many locations broke all-time maximum daily temperature records by more than 5°C. The standing Canadian national temperature record was broken on three consecutive days, at multiple locations, with the highest temperature of 49.6°C recorded, 4.6°C higher than the previous Canadian record. Weather forecasts provided advanced notice of the severity of the event, while sub-seasonal forecasts showed substantially increased likelihood of atmospheric blocking and high temperatures with 10-day lead times, and some skill out to 18 days. The impacts of this event were catastrophic. Estimates indicate at least 900 attributable deaths occurred across BC, WA and OR, likely the deadliest weather event in Canadian1 history. The heat contributed to mass-mortalities of marine life, reduced crop and fruit yields, river flooding from rapid snow and glacier melt, and a rapid increase in wildfires—the latter contributing to devastating landslides in the months following.
Influence of Ru on structure and corrosion behavior of passive film on Ti-6Al-4V alloy in oil & gas exploration conditions
Authors: Liu Qiang , Liu Hongtao , Xie Junfeng , Zhang Wei-fu , Zhang Yi-ming , Feng Chun , Li Guang-shan , Yu Yang , Song Sheng-yin , Yin Cheng-xian
Published: April 2022

In order to investigate the influence of minor Ru on electrochemical behavior and structural characteristics of passive film on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in various oil & gas exploration conditions, electrochemical techniques, XPS, SEM and corrosion simulation tests were carried out, and the results revealed that the oil & gas exploration conditions had a serious impact on the electrochemical behavior and corrosion resistance of tested alloys, the passivation film resistance and corrosion potential of tested titanium alloys were significantly reduced with the increasing of acidity and temperature. With the addition of minor ruthenium, the potential of passive film on the Ti-6Al-4V-0.11Ru alloy surface was been risen because of the high surface potential of ruthenium element, the content of metallic ruthenium and tetravalent titanium oxides TiO2 in the surface film of Ti-6Al-4V-0.11Ru alloy all increased with the increasing of temperature, which led to that the thickness, stability, corrosion resistance and repair ability of passive film on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V-0.11Ru alloy was all better than that of Ti-6Al-4V, these results were also confirmed by corrosion simulation tests.
E-learning course in laboratory animal science: participants’ characteristics and points of view
Authors: Ahmadi-Noorbakhsh Siavash , Sadighi Jila , Gooshki Ehsan Shamsi
Published: April 2022

Proper education in laboratory animal (LAN) science is a legal requirement and necessity of good scientific practice. The education could be delivered via traditional face-to-face methods or modern e-learning modalities. E-learning has the advantages of continuous availability (24/7), no geographical restriction, requiring no commuting to/from a venue, less cost, unlimited number of attendees, and less burden on lecturers. A successful e-learning course (e-course) should be relevant to the characteristics, needs, and interests of its audience. To define these qualities, we developed a 22.5 hours e-course and enrolled attendees for a year. We then developed an online researcher-made questionnaire to investigate the sociodemography, animal use experience, interaction with animals, course enrolment factors, and course completion factors among the participants. We found that the majority of participants were female paramedical Ph.D. students in their thirties who needed to use animals (mostly rats) for their theses. Most of them had 0–2 years of work experience with LAN and had a very positive relationship with animals. The most important topics selected by the participants included ethics, guidelines, anesthesia/analgesia, pain recognition and methods of animal use. Participants were very concerned with the ethical implications of animal studies and the effect of the study on animal welfare. Practical training was the most sought-after topic for further education. Having long-term access to the course content was the most wanted feature. In conclusion, for developing a successful e-course one should consider the characteristics, needs, and interests of the majority of attendees as discussed above.
Graph Theoretical analysis and in silico modeling and molecular dynamic studies of fused indolin-2-one derivatives for the treatment of inflammation
Authors: Theivendren Panneerselvam , Kunjiappan Selvaraj , Pavadai Parasuraman , Govindaraj Saravanan , Gopal Murugananthan , Pachiappan Sudhakar , Hegde Yashoda Mariappa , Shanmugam Nivetha
Published: April 2022

In the present work, novel 3-(4-(5-(substituted phenyl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbonyl)phenylimino)-1-(substitutedmethyl)indolin-2-one derivatives were obtained via the reaction of 4-(1-(substituted methyl)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylideneamino) benzohydrazide with appropriate aromatic chalcone. The synthesized compounds were investigated for their in silico chemokine/CXCR6 inhibitory activity. The most effective chemokine inhibitors were also evaluated for their in vivo antiinflammatory activity. The 3-(4-(5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbonyl) phenylimino)-1-(morpholino methyl) indolin-2-one (5a) derivative showed significant chemokine inhibition with eleven amino acid interaction as compared with standard Acetaminophen whereas Celecoxib, Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Naproxen, Ibuprofen, Aspirin showed less amino acid interaction. Based on the theoretical study reports the in vivo antiinflammatory activity was performed for the 3-(4-(5-(substituted phenyl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbonyl)phenylimino)-1-(substitutedmethyl)indolin-2-one (5a-5l). The observed results of in vivo study indicate that the compounds 5a, 5c exhibited significant antiinflammatory activity.
Serum Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive human Mac-2 binding protein is unsuitable as a diagnostic marker of occulthepatocellular carcinoma in end-stage liver cirrhosis
Authors: Nagakawa Kantoku , Hidaka Masaaki , Hara Takanobu , Matsushima Hajime , Imamura Hajime , Tanaka Takayuki , Adachi Tomohiko , Soyama Akihiko , Kanetaka Kengo , Eguchi Susumu
Published: April 2022

Background and Purpose: Serum glycosylated Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2 binding protein (WFA+-M2BP) is a marker of liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic ability of WFA+-M2BP for occult HCC, which current diagnostic imaging tests fail to detect. Methods: Patients who underwent hepatectomy for liver transplantation (LT) and whose whole liver could be sliced and subjected to histological examination between 2000 and 2018 were eligible for this study (n = 89). WFA+-M2BP levels were measured in samples collected before the LT. Comparison of the postoperative histological test results with the preoperative imaging data grouped the patients into no group (N), detected group (D), increased group (I), and decreased or same group (DS), and the results were compared with the WFA+-M2BP values.Results: Irrespective of underlying hepatic disease conditions, there were 6 patients in the N group, 10 in the D group, 41 in the I group, and 32 in the DS group. The median of the serum WFA+-M2BP level for each group was as follows: N group, 8.05 (1.25–11.9); D group, 11.025 (1.01–18.21); I group, 9.67 (0.29–17.83); and DS group, 9.56 (0.28–19.44) confidence of interval. We found no significant differences between the pairings. Comparison of underlying hepatic diseases revealed that liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis B and C and non-B and -C liver cirrhosis had no significant differences. Conclusion: Serum WFA+-M2BP cannot help diagnose occult HCC that is already undetected using imaging tests in decompensated liver cirrhosis patients requiring LT.
Triassic closure of South Tianshan Ocean: Evidence from provenance analysis of High-Pressure relics-bearing fore-arc sediments and multi-disciplinary data
Authors: tan zhou , Xiao Wenjiao , Mao Qigui , Wang Hao , Sang Miao , Li Rui , Gao Limin , Guo Yuhong , Gan Jingmin , Liu Yanhong , Wan Bo
Published: April 2022

A major debate concerning the final welding time of southern Altaids has led to considerable uncertainty regarding the configuration of northeast Pangea and the reconstruction of proto-Asia. Here we report Triassic provenance deposited in a fore-arc accretionary basin closely located with the Akeyazi LT-UHP metamorphic complex in the South Tianshan Orogenic Belt (STOB). Field-based detrital zircon U-Pb analysis of sandstones yield a maximum depositional age of the early Triassic (~ 231.7 ± 1.1 Ma) with a major early Permian peak and few Precambrian records. Hf isotopic analysis, accompanying with multi-disciplinary data compilation, indicate the early Triassic sediment received additional detritus from distal juvenile East Tianshan Arc region, rather than from any proximate tectonic units or a missed intra-oceanic arc. A hypothesis is proposed for STOB geodynamic model with introducing temporary flat subduction beneath the Central Tianshan Arc region. Available data advocates the STO, which serves as an accessory ocean basin paleo-geographically belonging to the Paleo-Asian Ocean, may have been closed in the early Triassic.
Communications with Guaranteed Low Latency and Bandwidth
using Frequency Referenced Multiplexing
Authors: Zhou Zichuan , Wei Jinlong , Luo Yuan , Clark Kari , Sillekens Eric , Deakin Callum , Sohanpal Ronit , Slavík Radan , Liu Zhixin
Published: April 2022

The rise of timing-critical applications such as virtual reality and connected car fleets, combined with the rapid growth of the number of user devices, creates new challenges for the latency and reliability of user-cloud data communications. Currently user-cloud communications rely on time-scheduled data frames through tree-topology fibre networks, incapable of assuring guaranteed connections with low or stable latency, which is necessary for, e.g. remote surgeries and safe operations of self-driven cars. Besides, their scalability to a larger user count is limited. Here we show that clock and optical frequency synchronisation, enabled by burgeoning frequency comb and signal processing techniques, can provide each user with dedicated optical bandwidth to enable scalable user-cloud communications that guarantee simultaneously high per-user data rate and low latency. Our approach provides accurate clock and optical frequency synchronisation over deployed optical fibre links, which will be beneficial for many applications including accurate navigation, quantum communications, and astronomy.