bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Profiling of Nanoparticulate Graphite Powder as Lubricant in the Machining of AISI 1040 Steel under Variable Machining Conditions
Authors: Srikiran S. , Ramji K. , Satyanarayana B.
Published: July 2014

The generation of heat during machining at the cutting zone adversely affects the surface finish and tool life. The heat at the cutting zone, which plays a negative role due to poor thermal conductivity, resistance to wear, high strength at high temperatures and chemical degradation can be overcome by the use of proper lubrication. Advancements in the field of tribology have led to the use of solid lubricants replacing the conventional flood coolants. This work involves the use of nanoparticulate graphite powder as a lubricant in turning operations whose performance is judged in terms of cutting forces, tool temperature and surface finish of the work piece. The experimentation revealed the increase in cutting forces and the tool temperature when the solid lubricant used is decreased in particle size. The surface finish deteriorated with the decrease in particle size of the lubricant in the nanoregime.
Keywords-Turning, Solid lubricant, Graphite, Minimum Quantity Lubrication, nano–particles, Weight percentage, Friction coefficient.
Advanced Oxidation Process by Electro-Fenton Reagent
Authors: Renita A. Annam , Bhargav S. Sai , Joy Evin
Published: July 2014

This paper deals with the advanced oxidation using Electro-fenton reagent for the degradation of azo-dyes in textile effluents. Discharge of textile effluents causes inevitable pollution of water resources which calls for further treatment methods. In this experiment, textile effluent samples were treated with iron electrodes with the reagents, hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate .The acid dye effluents which were used in this study are Acid Orange 7, Acid Red 88, and Acid Violet 7. The temperature was set to 40° C. Samples of 20 ml were analyzed for Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Colour reduction. Experiments were carried out at voltage variations of 2, 4, 6 and 8 volts. From the results, COD and Colour were observed to be reduced drastically from respective original values before treatment with Fenton’s reagent using electro-chemical method.Keywords--- Advanced oxidation, Electro-fenton, BOD, COD, Colour reduction
Statistical Analysis and Fractography Study of Tensile Behavior in Bio Particulated Coir-Vinyl Ester Composites
Authors: Ramprasath R. , Jayabal S. , Satiyamurthy S. , Prithivirajan R.
Published: July 2014

The natural fiber reinforced polymer composites are recognized as an alternative to wood and plastics in recent years. The natural plant fibers are extracted from various parts of the tree and are used in polymer composites.The present investigation is focused on the improvement of tensile strength of coir-vinyl ester composites by impregnation of bio particulates such as alumina, red mud and rice husk. The fracture method of composite specimens are analyzed with the help of scanning electron micrographs.The observed range of tensile strength values are studied using statistical procedure and non linear regression models are developed.
Experimental Study and Optimization of Wire-Electrical Discharge Machined WC-15%Co Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Muthuraman Veluswamy , Ramakrishnan Raju , Sengottuvel Ponnusamy , Karthikeyan C.
Published: July 2014

Wire Electrical discharge Machining plays an important role in the field of hard, difficult to machine materials like metal matrix composites. Machining process must keep pace with material development. For electrically conductive materials wire electro discharge machining is a viable option due to high accuracy, precision, and ability to achieve complex, intricate shaped profiles on even thin works. Due to thermo-electric nature it is a stochastic process in nature. To simplify the difficulty in determining parameters for the improvement of cutting performance and optimization, analysis of variance and regression analysis were made use of. Tungsten carbide cobalt metal matrix composites finds increasing applications in conventional application like tools and dies as well as in developing fields like bio-medical instruments and aero-space industries. In this present work, the problem of parameter selection, optimization for wire electro discharge machining on tungsten carbide-15% cobalt metal matrix composites, a less worked composition has been undertaken. Sodick AQ-427L wire-edm machine was used with a 0.25 diameter zinc coated brass wire electrode, to cut the material. Each experiment done under different cutting conditions of inputs like pulse on time, pulse off time, wire speed and peak current and repeated for three observations and the average was selected. Optimum machining parameter combination for material removal rate was obtained by using the desirability response optimizer function. Analysis of variance, Confirmation experiment was carried and good improvements were obtained.
The Experimental Investigation on Water Absorption Characteristics of Natural Fiber Composites
Authors: Vijayakumar S. , Manikandan S. , Karunamoorthy L.
Published: July 2014

Natural fibers are used for replacing synthetic fibers as reinforcement in various matrices. This paper is presents the fabrication and water absorption characteristics of various natural fibers reinforced composite fabricated by hand layering technique. The water absorbing capacity, diffusion and permeability of various natural fibers like rice straw, Kenaf, Coconut Spathe, Coconut Guinit reinforced composite with different dipping time intervals were analyzed. Morphological analysis was carried out on fabricated and soaked samples using scanning electron microscope. From the experimental work it is observed that coconut guinits and rice straw shows comparatively very low water absorbing capacity. Alkaline treatment of fibers doesnot have any major variation in water absorbing capacity.
Acoustic Emission Signal Analysis for Tool Condition Monitoring in Microendmilling of Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Prakash Muniyandi , Ravisankar P. , Kanthababu Mani
Published: July 2014

In this study, the effect of tool wear is correlated with acoustic emission (AE) signal during microendmilling of aluminium alloy (AA 1100). The AE signals were acquired using Kistler make AE sensor and the signal features are analyzed in time domain (root mean square (RMS)) and frequency domain (dominant frequency and amplitude). The dominant frequency of the AE signal shows increasing trend with increase in the tool wear, where as AERMS show uneven trend. The discrete wavelet transformation technique (DWT) has also been carried out by decomposing the required AE signal in different frequency bands. The AERMS and specific AE energy were computed for the decomposed AE signals. From the specific AE energy, it is observed that shearing occurs during microendmilling and also found to be similar that of macro-regieme endmilling. The result demonstrated that the AE signals are potential indicator for tool condition monitoring in microendmilling.
Investigation on Vibration Behaviour of Cantilever Type Glass/Carbon Hybrid Composite Beams at Higher Frequency Range Using Finite Element Method
Authors: Murugan R. , Ramesh Rajagopal , Padmanabhan K.
Published: July 2014

Woven fabric composites are now being increasingly used in aircraft and automobile structures due to balanced properties in the fabric plane. In the present work, woven fabric glass beam is modified and strengthened by interplying high modulus carbon fabric plies for improving the strength to weight ratio and thereby to achieve better performance in various dynamic conditions. The objective of the present work is to investigate the vibration behavior of cantilever type glass/carbon hybrid composite beams subjected to higher frequency of operation using finite element method. Unit plied woven fabric glass, carbon and hybrid of glass/carbon laminates were fabricated using hand layup technique. Experimental modal analysis of unit plied composite beams was carried out by impulse excitation technique under fixed free boundary condition. Theoretical modal analysis was done by finite element method using elastic constants derived from rule of mixture equations. The experimental and theoretical frequency results were compared and analyzed for finding the degree of deviation using regression analysis. The coefficients of regression analysis were used to find effective elastic constants of composite laminates. Further these effective elastic constants were applied for modal analysis of hybrid composite beams under higher frequency range. The results of mode shape, modal frequency of hybrid beams were reported and discussed. The effect of stacking sequence and effect of beam size on vibration characteristics at higher frequency range was also discussed.
Experimental Investigation on Modal Response of Woven Fabric Carbon Composite Plate Reinforced with Particles of Micro Rubber Blended Epoxy Matrix under Free Vibration Condition
Authors: Senthamaraikannan Chinnasamy , Sarathkumar S.K. , Ramesh Rajagopal
Published: July 2014

Vibration damping is proving important for improved vibration control and dynamic stability in advanced engineering systems like aerospace systems, automobiles and in ship building industry. In the present investigation, vibration characteristics of woven fabric carbon composite plate reinforced with micro rubber particle blended into epoxy matrix is studied for enhancing the vibration damping performance. Test Specimens are fabricated in the form of hand layup method. CTBN rubber particle size of 5μm is selected and added to the epoxy matrix for fabricating carbon/epoxy composite plates. Rubber particles of 3% & 15 % by weight were considered as blended percentage in epoxy matrix and compared with 0% addition of rubber particles for understanding and analyzing the vibration characteristics and its difference in damping performance. Vibration damping and modal responses of various kinds of prepared plates were studied and compared. Among tested samples, carbon/epoxy composite plate with 15 wt % micro rubber particle by weight showed very good damping performance.
Synthesis of Al-Al3Ti In Situ Metal Matrix Composites by Salt Route and Evaluation of their Mechanical Properties
Authors: Kori S.A. , Biradar S.L. , Auradi Virupaxi
Published: July 2014

Current work, aims at preparation and characterization of Al-Al3Ti in-situ metal matrix composites with varying percentage of in-situ Al3Ti (3 and 5%) reinforcement. The composites were prepared by the salt route involving reaction of commercial purity aluminum (99.7%) and potassium titanium flourate halide (K2TiF6) salt at a reaction temperature of 800°C and with 60min. holding time. The prepared composites were subjected to microstructural studies using Scanning Electron Microscope. Further, the work aims at evaluating mechanical properties of the prepared composites as per ASTM standards. Microstructural characterization using SEM revealed blocky morphology of Al3Ti intermetallics with fairly homogeneous distribution. Insitu Al-Al3Ti composites have shown better mechanical properties when compared to the unreinforced Al matrix.
Wear Studies on SiC and Fly Ash Reinforced Copper Based Composites by Grey Relational Analysis
Authors: Balamurugan Ponnambalam , Uthayakumar Marimuthu
Published: July 2014

Copper base composites are extensively used in applications where high temperature and corrosive environment. In the present investigation a hybrid metal matrix composite is prepared in which copper is used as a matrix, SiC and Fly ash as reinforcements. The composite is produced by powder metallurgy technique. Dry sliding wear characteristics of the prepared composite specimes were studied by pin on disc setup and optimised result was found through grey relational analysis. Analysis of variance is used to investigate the significance of design parameters which affect the wear characteristic of the materials. The results showed that sliding velocity is having the significant effect than the other parameters.
Multi-Criteria Optimization Using Grey Relational Analysis in Drilling of Glass/Epoxy Polymeric Composites
Authors: Ragothaman A. , Vijayaraja K. , Mudhukrishnan M.
Published: July 2014

Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymeric (GFRP) composite materials have been used to make several components in engineering field. This is due to their excellent mechanical properties such as high specific strength, specific stiffness, good fatigue resistance, good corrosion resistance and light weight. Drilling is the process required for these composite materials for fitting and assembly with base part which may generate delamination at entrance and exit. In drilling of GFRP composite, delamination is one of the major defect which is more responsible for the rejection of components in the final assembly of engineering parts. An experimental investigation of full factorial design performed on drilling of Glass Fibre Reinforced plastic laminates using Helical flute straight shank drill and “Brad and Spur” drill by varying the process parameters such as cutting speed and feed rate to find the optimum drilling conditions. The main objective of this paper is to optimize the drilling process parameters with consideration of multiple performances such as specific cutting pressure, power, peel-up delamination factor and push-out delamination factor. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out for estimating the percentage contribution of process parameters on drilling performance. Grey relational analysis was used in this multiple objective optimization to get damage free drilling of GFRP composite. Response table and graph are used for this analysis which shows that feed rate is the most significant factor than the cutting speed and also it indicates that delamintation free drilling can be obtained at low feed rate and low cutting speed. The result shows that drilling performance can be enhanced effectively thorough this approach.
Preparation and Characterization of TiO2 Particulate Filled Polyester Based Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite
Authors: Moorthy S. Srinivasa , Manonmani K. , Kumar M. Sankar
Published: July 2014

Polyester based glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are widely used in marine and automotive industries because of its strength to weight ratio with lower price. In order to have the better properties of GFRP composites, the particulate filler material titanium oxide (TiO2) was added in unsaturated polyester resin with the fiber reinforcement by hand lay-up process. The fiber content was kept at 35 wt% constant with the fiber length of 5 cm. The particulate was varied with 2 wt. %, 4 wt. %, 6 wt. %, 8 wt. %, and 10 wt. %. Experiments were carried out to study the mechanical properties like tensile strength, impact strength, and Rockwell hardness. The chemical resistance analysis (CRA) was carried out by weight loss method. The mechanical properties of the hybrid reinforced composites were improved due to the fiber content with increased particulate content. The influence of the particulate content was more pronounced in the chemical resistance.
Static and Dynamic Analysis of Aluminium Composite in Wing Section Using ANSYS
Authors: Esakkiraj E.S. , Anish S. , Anish V.
Published: July 2014

The cold of this cardboard is to abstraction and analyze the amount accustomed accommodation and weight accumulation of blended aircraft (Aluminium Silicon Carbide) addition with that of Aluminium wing and appropriately access the acceptable aircraft addition of minimum weight accomplished of address a accustomed changeless amount after failure. And also this paper presents a model and a static analysis of the aircraft wing, using the finite element software ANSYS. The geometry was created in CATIA V5 R18 and imported. The static and model analysis are carried out in analysis software ANSYS. The result of from the static analysis refers to the total deformation, equivalent stress, shear stress and shear intensity on the skin of the aircraft wing. The model analysis will be carried out to find out the first six modes of vibrations and the different mode shape in which wing can deform without the application of load. Compared to the conventional Aluminium wing, the hybridized composite wing experience far lower stresses and the aircraft wing weight nearly 40% and 50% lower stress.
Experimental Studies on Optimization of WEDMed Tungsten-Carbide Metal Matrix Composite
Authors: Muthuraman Veluswamy , Ramakrishnan Raju , Siddarth G. , Nikilesh V. , Rangaraja V.
Published: July 2014

Wire Electrical discharge Machining plays an important role in the field of electrically conductive material machining. The process has grown exponentially in the past decade due to advantages like high accuracy, precision, ability to achieve complex, intricate shapes on components, unruffled by material hardness, less noise, leaves little residual stress on work piece and the advantage of unmanned machining. A stochastic process in nature, it is difficult to determine parameters that improve cutting rate and surface roughness, the main stay of the metal machining industries. Tungsten carbide is widely used in tool and die making industry mainly due to its extreme hardness; wear resistance, toughness and high temperature stability. Finding optimized parameters for machining performance improvement and optimization would help the manufacturing community. Design of experiments with an orthogonal array of L 27, on four critical parameters On-Time, Off-Time, Wire Speed and Peak current with three levels had been carried out. The experimental results were optimized using Taguchi analysis. Analysis of variance was done. Confirmation tests validated that the results for material removal rate and surface roughness, 5.021mm3/min and3.26μm with improvement. The most influential parameters were off-time, wire-speed and on-time for material removal rate and wire-speed current and on-time for surface roughness. The optimum levels were reported.
Fuzzy Logic Modeling for Decision Making Processes Using MATLAB
Authors: Ramya Thangavel , Kannan A.C. , Balasenthil R.S. , Bagirathi B. Anusuya
Published: July 2014

— This paper demonstrates to build a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) for any model utilizing the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox graphical user interface (GUI) tools. A different conception for decision making process, based on the fuzzy approach, is propounded by authors of the paper.The paper is worked out in two sections. Description about the Fuzzy Logic Tool box is done in the first section.Illustration with an introductory example concludes the second section. Based on various assumptions the authors construct the rule statements which are then converted into fuzzy rules and the GUI tools of the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox built using MATLAB numeric computing environment is used to construct a fuzzy inference system for this process.The output membership functions are expected to be fuzzy sets in Mamdani-type inference.Defuzzification of fuzzy set for each output variable generated after the aggregation process has to be carried out. Application of information technology for Decisions in today's environment which is highly competitive are undeniable principles of organizations and helps managers in making useful decisions meaningfully.
Static Analysis of Workpiece - Fixture Layout System for Drilling Operation Using RSM and ACA
Authors: Vasundara M. , Padmanaban K.P.
Published: July 2014

Fixture layout design is crucial to ensure machining accuracy and sustained quality of manufacture. The machining accuracy can be improved by minimizing the workpiece deformation through proper positioning of the workpiece. Fixtures are employed to minimise the degrees of freedom of a workpiece during machining of objects where the positioning of fixture elements is crucial in minimizing the workpiece deformation. The main purpose of this research work is to perform static analysis on workpiece-fixture system involving drilling operation. Finite element method (FEM) has been used to model the workpiece-fixture system and determine the workpiece deformation. The positions of the locators and clamps are predicted using response surface methodology and the fixture optimized parameters are obtained by ant colony algorithm (ACA).
Structural Analysis on Swirling Grooved SCC Piston
Authors: Lalvani J. Isaac Joshua Ramesh , Prakash E. , Parthasarathy M. , Jayaraj S. , Annamalai K.
Published: July 2014

This journal describes a study on the structural effects of DI diesel engine conventional piston and modified pistons. To enhance the combustion efficiency of the engine conventional piston has been modified as shallow depth piston bowl with swirling grooves on the piston crown. Three different widths (5.5mm, 6.5mm and 7.5mm) and constant depth (00 to 50) swirling grooves added on the shallow depth combustion chambered piston crown. The conventional piston and modified pistons has been modeled in CATIA software and structural analysis done in ANSYS 14. In structural analysis observed that deformation for the modified pistons are same and negligible as compared to the conventional piston.
Elasto-Plastic Stress Analysis of Thick Cylinders
Authors: Mohan A. , Christopher T.
Published: July 2014

– Pressure vessels often have a combination of high pressure together with high temperature such as gun barrels and high pressure hydraulic rams. For high pressure application, the cylindrical vessels are made to withstand the working pressure. These types of pressure vessels are made by two techniques, one is shrink-fit cylinders and other one is autofrettage cylinders. Autofrettage technique is used to ensure the pressure vessel highly strengthened due to prestressed effect causing the internal portion of the part to yield and resulting in internal compressive residual stresses. The present work is concerned about the elastoplastic stress analysis of thick cylinders. The numerical analysis is carried out on four different materials which are widely used in pressure vessels by using finite element software ANSYS. The elastic breakdown pressure, overstrain pressure, and bursting pressure of the cylinder are found out and the results are compared with experimental results.
Finite Element Analysis of Material Removal Rate in Electrical Discharge Machining Process and its Comparison with Experiments
Authors: Sahu Sibakanta , Nayak Swarup Kumar , Sahu Saipad , Chaudhury Pallavi
Published: July 2014

The non-convectional machining processes are those using thermal source of energy for the material removal. Among them Electrical discharge machining (EDM) or spark erosion machining is most important one. The important process parameters in this technique are discharge pulse on time, discharge pulse off time current and gap voltage. The values of these parameters significantly affect such machining outputs as material removal rate. In this paper, an axisymmetric thermo-physical finite element model for the simulation of single sparks machining during electrical discharge machining (EDM) process is exhibited. The model has been solved using ANSYS 11.0 software. A transient thermal analysis assuming a Gaussian distribution heat source with temperature-dependent material properties has been used to investigate the temperature distribution. Material removal rate was calculated for multi-discharge machining by taking into considerations the number of pulses. Comparison, analyzation of the theoretical result and experimental result by considering the same process parameters has been done, and the result is highly agreed between the experimental and theoretical value so the model is validated.
Studies on Formability Behaviour of Aluminium Alloy Sheets with Ceramic Nanocoatings
Authors: Mohamed M. Jinnah Sheik , Selvakumar N.
Published: July 2014

Forming limit diagram presents limit strains for different linear strain paths. In other words it indicates localized formability of sheet metals under different proportional loading and is considered a powerful tool for trouble shooting in sheet-metal forming industries. In this study in-plane and out-of-plane forming limit diagrams were determined for aluminum 5052. In the experimental works, all specimens were prepared in the rolling direction and annealed before testing. Forming up to fracture was carried out on INSTRON UTM with a tensile force of 1N. The sheet samples were subjected to tension-compression state of strain by varying the notch sizes of the samples. FLD was drawn by plotting the minor strain in abscissa and corresponding major strain in ordinate and by drawing a curve which separates the safe region from the unsafe region.
Effect of Addition of Nano Zirconia in Ceramic Glazes
Authors: Venkatesh G. , Thenmuhil Deivarajan , Manisha Vidyavathy S. , Vinothan R.
Published: July 2014

In this present study zirconia particles of nanometric dimensions were synthesized using sol-gel method via the starting precursors of zirconium oxy-chloride octa-hydrate (ZrOCl2.8H2O) and oxalic acid {(COOH)2.2H2O}. A transparent sol obtained was dried at 110° C for 12 hours and the dried gel was subjected to calcination at 1000°C respectively for 3 hours in order to obtain nanozirconia particles. XRD characterization reveals the presence of single phase tetragonal ZrO2 and SEM morphological characterization reveals the presence of nanosize ZrO2 particles .The particle size distribution also confirms the nanometric size range of ZrO2 particles. The obtained nanoparticles was incorporated in the glaze composition which generally is defined as a thin glassy layer on a ceramic body that results by applying a special admixture on ceramic body and by fusing at high temperature. This glaze formulation is well bounded for dry tile manufacturing process .The incorporation of the prepared nanozirconia in a typical glaze composition are well established for its excellent mechanical, thermal and good resistance to chemical attack. Addition of zirconia increases the opacity of the tiles and also enhances the brightness .In this study with the comparison of standard conventional zircon it is bound to say that particle size decreases. Moreover glaze characterizations i.e.TG-DTA, Spectrophotometer, Abrasion resistance, crazing resistance tests was studied which shows the improvement of surface characteristics which has been enhanced by using the nanoparticles. The opacity is also increased with lower dose of usage of zirconia nanoparticles.
Electrodeposition of Nanostructured Ni Based Alloys/Composites – A Critical Analysis
Authors: Mandal Manoj , Sasikumar Chandrabalan
Published: July 2014

The Ni based alloys and composites synthesized by electro-deposition techniques were investigated in this paper. The co-deposition techniques for development of Ni-Co alloys, synthesis of oxide doped nanocomposites were analyzed. The hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of different coatings: Ni, Ni-Co alloys, Ni-Fe2O3, Ni-Al2O3, Ni-Fe-BN, Ni-TiN composites were studied in detail. The Ni-Fe-BN and Ni-TiN showed more than 550 percent increase in hardness of stainless steel substrate. The Hardness was found to be about 600-1180Hv for Nitride impregnated coatings. These films also showed higher corrosion resistance in comparison to other Ni based alloy and composite coatings. The microstructural investigation of these alloys showed nanostructured rods and fibres in the deposited films.
Prediction of Best Combination of Process Parameters for Detonation Gun Coating Process through Taguchi Technique
Authors: Balan K.N. , Manimaran S. , Johnrajan A. , Ramanamoorthy E.V.V.
Published: July 2014

Detonation gun spray coating method (D-Spray) [1] is one of the effective method of thermal spray coating process. The surface of material or substrate will be enhanced by deposition of coating powders such as metal oxides and ceramics like aluminium oxides, tungsten carbide ,nickel chromium etc by D-spray method that prevents the metal from corrosion and to increase the wear resistance. This coating process had wide applications in different engineering sectors such as aviation industry, marine industry, biomedical industry etc., In this Experimental study the Process parameter optimization of D-spray coating process which is one of the Thermal spray Coating process was done by Taguchi method, [3] in order to find the best processing conditions and to get higher quality of coating. [6] Microhardness was estimated for various combinations of parameters and the optimum process parameters were obtained. Best combination of process parameters has been predicted which results that the thickness of the coating has got a major effect.
Improvement of Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) Resistance of a 7150 Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy by Retrogression and Reageing (RRA) Treatment
Authors: Rout Prasanta Kumar , Ghosh M.M. , Ghosh K.S.
Published: July 2014

A 7150 Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is artificially aged at 120 oC for varying time. The peak hardness (T6 temper) is obtained at about 24 h at that temperature. Further, the T6 temper is subjected to retrogression and reageing (RRA) treatment. Slow strain rate test (SSRT) has been carried out on the T6 and RRA tempers. SSRT results indicated that the RRA temper have higher resistance to SCC compared to that of T6 temper. SCC behaviour of the alloy tempers have been explained with the help of microstructural features studied by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The large, discrete and discontinuous grain boundary precipitates observed in the microstructure of the RRA temper are believed to be the responsible factor for achieving higher SCC resistance. Further, SEM fractographs and crack morphology have also been analyzed to evaluate the SCC behaviour of the alloy tempers.
Optimization of Process Parameters of Titanium Alloy Grade 5 Using CNC Wire-Cut EDM
Authors: Nandakumar C. , Mohan B. , Srisathirapathy S.
Published: July 2014

Accompanying the development of mechanical industry, the demand for alloy materials having high hardness, toughness and impact strength are increasing. As these materials pose severe difficulty to be machined by conventional methods, Wire-cut Electric Discharge Machining (Wire EDM) machines are employed to machine them. The ultimate requirement of any machining process being fine surface finish, is accurately satisfied by wire-cut EDM process. Hence this project aims at obtaining the best surface finish by optimizing various process parameters affecting the machining conditions. With the assistance of Taguchi quality engineering, various number of experiments will be conducted by varying the process parameters at various levels. The output response variable being surface roughness, will be measured for all the number of experiments conducted. As the lowest value of surface roughness indicates the best surface finish, the optimum parameter level combination would be analyzed which gives desired surface finish. These optimized values of various parameters would then be used in performing machining operation in order to obtain desirable outputs.
Effect of Process Parameters during Friction Stir Welding of Al 6063 Alloy
Authors: Jaiganesh V. , Sevvel P.
Published: July 2014

In the Present paper, the effects of axial force, rotational speed of the FSW tool, welding speed and shoulder penetration on various mechanical properties of Aluminium alloy 6063 butt joint produced by Friction Stir Welding have been analyzed. The mechanical properties like tensile strength, Yield strength and % Elongation have been tested using 6 mm thickness plate. The tool used for conducting the experiment was Hot Die Steel (HDS). The welding quality can be improved by enhancing the mechanical properties and minimizing the defects. Hence, analysing & examining the mechanical or physical properties and other relevant significant factors would help to enhance the weld reliability. Tensile Strength (TS), Percentage of Elongation & Yield Strength (YS) of FSW Al 6063 alloy has been carried out under different processing condition using Taguchi’s experimental design. An optimum result has been obtained using main effects plot using S/N ratio values. The rotation speed of the FSW tool has been found dominant factor for TS followed by feed and shoulder penetration. Shoulder diameter shows the least effect on TS compared to parameters like Percentage of Elongation & Yield Strength (YS).
An Approach on Performance Comparison of Quarter Car Suspension System
Authors: Sathishkumar Palanisamy , Jancirani Jeyaraj , Dennie John
Published: July 2014

The present article introduces an approach that combines passive and active elements to improve the ride and passenger comfort. The main aim of vehicle suspension system should isolate the vehicle body from road unevenness for maintaining ride and passenger comfort. The ride and passenger comfort is improved by reducing the car body acceleration caused by the irregular road surface. The vehicle body along with the wheel system is modelled as two degrees of freedom one fourth of car model. The model is tested on road bump with severe peak amplitude excitations. In the conclusion, a comparison of active, semi-active and passive suspension is shown using MATLAB simulations.
Design and Analysis of Magneto-Rheological Fluid Brake (MRB)
Authors: Thanikachalam J. , Jinu G.S. , Nagaraj P.
Published: July 2014

Magneto-rheological fluids are smart fluids displaying flow properties that can be adjusted by the introduction of magnetic fields. Conventional brakes require complex mechanical parts to dissipate energy, they are having more weight, produce less braking torque and the time of response is about 300-500 milliseconds and hence brake distance is high. A Magneto-rheological fluid brake is more efficient than conventional braking system in terms of the weight reduction, and response time. In this paper an improved MRB design is made, taking into account the temperature effects and more accurate description of the material properties as well. The proposed work is concerned with the development of a new Brake-by-wire system which employs MRF as working medium. The design procedure comprises the selection of materials for MRB, creating an analytical model for finding the braking torque produced by the MRB and Finite Element Analysis of the MRB. Finite element models are built to provide a means to analyze the performance of the magneto-rheological brake system. The formulation of these models (including the definition of the geometry, material properties, boundary conditions and meshing process, as well as necessary assumptions) are described. The results obtained with the finite element models are presented and analyzed using SolidWorks 2013® and COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3b®.
Design and Development of a High Pressure Die Casting Technique for Manufacturing Heavy Vehicle Engine Components
Authors: Mohan Ravindran , Padmanabhan Krishnan
Published: July 2014

High pressure die casting is the best suitable method for the manufacturing of Heavy Vehicle Engine Components. The design of feed system was done by Pro E wildfire 4.0 and the movement of molten metal inside the cavity was analyzed using the Magma software for an injection pressure of 600 kgf/cm2. The die for the Heavy Vehicle Engine Components was designed and manufactured. The engine components were manufactured with the help of 250 T locking force capacity high pressure die casting machine. The radiographic inspections for some of the sample components were carried. The hardness of the Heavy Vehicle Engine Components and the porosity levels were evaluated. The component’s dimensions were checked by a co-ordinate measuring machine.
Design and Performance Analysis on MR-Shock Absorber
Authors: Nivas M.L. Brabin , Prabaharan T. , Libin J. , Jose T. Bibin
Published: July 2014

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-Magneto rheological aqueous is an old advancing to the bazaar at top speed. Excellent appearance like fast response, simple interface amid electrical ability ascribe and automated ability output, and absolute controllability accomplish MRF technology adorable for abounding applications.The aim of this project is preparation of MR-fluids by using the different types of carrier fluid mixed with iron powder and stability and magnetic properties are analysed. Thesedimentation of iron particles can be reduced by using additives. The sedimentation can be analysed by boundary variation of the clear fluid to the fluid turbulence. The viscosity of smart fluid can be increased by varying the applied magnetic field.The performance of the MR-damper depends on the applied maximum magnetic field and the hydraulic circuit design. The MR-damper force by increasing the magnetic field can be analysed by sing the FEMM V4 Software.Damping force depends on the excitation of current and magnetic field.Key words: Rheological, magnetic field, damping force, FEMM, flux density
Design and Analysis of SUPRA AISI 1018 Carbon Steel Car Frame Using ANSYS
Authors: Raj E.S. Esakki , Selvan Tamil , Thanabalan S. , Mervin Joseph , Anish S.
Published: July 2014

In this competitive world, Speed is everything people are crazy on faster things. Speed is their passion either an automobile or any consumer appliances. The faster you get served better the returns expected. Economic value of automobiles is a factor which is dominated by the speed and pickup of the vehicle. In this project effort is made inDesigning and Analysis of the formula one race car chassis using ANSYS software. The Chassis is designed in Solid works, Meshingand Analysis is carried out in ANSYS. To enhance the speed and efficiency, aerodynamic modifications of the car profile is done and also to be float in a dynamic condition, weight is a vital parameter to be considered hence material change is also employed.
Optimisation of Tunnel Lining
Authors: Thenmozhi R. , Umashankar J.
Published: July 2014

The project area and it surrounding region has been a drought prone area since quite a long time. The majority of the population in this region lives in villages where agriculture is the main source of income. In order to utilize the river water to the possible extent and distributing the same among all the areas of the state, these projects were proposed. This Lift Irrigation Scheme was proposed in to irrigate an ayacut of 1.23 lakh acres and to supply drinking water to the enroute villages [6].
Power Quality Improvement in Wind Energy Generation Using Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Rekha S. Sasi , K. Immanuvel Arokia James
Published: July 2014

Nowadays, renewable energies have been widely applied to achieve eco friendly objectives. This paper presents the development of a single-phase grid-connected wind energy generation with the improvement in power quality and efficiency. This mainly focuses on showing the improvement in power quality by overcoming the drawbacks with the existing wind energy generation based on the PLL with the discrete PI controller. It is found that Total Harmonic Distortions (THD) present in PLL Single-phase grid-connected wind energy generation can be reduced by using modified PLL method. The modified wind energy generation is based on PLL with Fuzzy logic controller instead of PLL with discrete PI controller. The PLL gets input from the load side, and compare with any one parameters current or voltage (closed loop system). The aim of this survey is to propose a new topology in (HCM) HILL CLIMB METHOD. The tasks related to the SVPWM algorithm, the PLL, the MPPT algorithm, and the monitoring of the DC voltage were successfully implemented in the DSC. Keywords – Total Harmonic Distortions, Phase Locked Loop, Discrete PI Controller, Fuzzy logic controller, Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation, Maximum Power Point Tracking, Digital Signal Controller.
A Novel Fused Converter for Hybrid Power Systems
Authors: Amutha W. Margaret , Renugadevi Renugadevi , Rajini V.
Published: July 2014

—Hybrid power system consists of different sources of electrical energy with different operating times during different seasons. Deployment of a hybrid power system is expected in rural areas. Supplying remote load systems such as rural telephony, hospitals, military etc.., where continuous power supply is required, can be realized with the combination of wind and solar power. The proposed topology is designed for telecom load which uses dual input dc-dc fused converter for combining solar and wind energy sources. For the further research and improvements in the proposed fused converter topology, it is necessary to know in detail the power flow from solar and wind sources to the load or to storage battery depending on different seasons. For various wind speed with constant solar irirradiation and, for various solar irirradiations with constant wind speed, the power flow of the hybrid power system is simulated and presented. The same topology is investigated for different switching frequencies (10 kHz and 20 kHz), using MATLAB/SIMULINK, and the efficiencies are calculated.
A Study of CO2 Emission and Indian Wind Industries – Area for Improvement
Authors: Kumar P. , Rajan Amaladas John
Published: July 2014

The world is going through a very tough situation in terms of environment pollution. Many of the activities of human are creating huge pollution in the entire world. The weather and climate have been changing continuously due to a wide range of human factors. This emission of Greenhouse gases increases the atmospheric temperature gradually. This paper provides a critical perspective to the debate on various greenhouse gas emission in the world. This paper consists of three major areas of discussion. First part of the discussion is with Trends in global CO2 emission second part is global CO2 emission by sector. The last part of the discussion is the potential alternate option to reduce this Gas emission and its concerns for growth focus is discussed for further research. Most of the research papers focused about the solution to the reduction of greenhouse gas emission. Furthermore, in this paper I have focused on the review of Indian wind industries model and its major constraints faced by a wind turbine manufacturer. The result of this research paper is a solid base for further research on which parameter to be focused so that this industry can grow.
Experimental Analysis of a Flat Plate Solar Collector System for Small-Scale Desalination Applications
Authors: Jims John Wessley G , Mathews P. Koshy
Published: July 2014

This paper presents the results of the experimental investigation on a solar flat plate collector carried out at Coimbatore, India (11°N Latitude and 74°E Longitude). The collector tubes allowed the water to flow twice across the flat plate collector using a circulating pump during which the water gets heated by the solar radiation received by the absorber. The maximum temperature of water obtained on a typical day in the month of April was 64°C with a solar radiation of 932.2651 W/m2. The available solar radiation strongly influences the temperature gain of the system while the wind velocity plays a considerable role in influencing the heat lost by the system. It is observed that the two-pass flow of water across the absorber plate results in a maximum temperature gain with an overall collector efficiency of 43.7 %. This solar water heating system using flat plate collector can be used for small-scale desalination applications.
Hardware Implementation of Z-Source Inverter Based MPPT Scheme for Solar Power Conversion System
Authors: Sridhar R. , Velu A. , Kumar V. Kiran , Parthipan R.
Published: July 2014

In this paper, the implementation of Z-Source Inverter based on Maximum power point tracking scheme (MPPT) for photovoltaic (PV) System is employed. This proposed work has the advantage of more power yield with reduced switching elements in power conditioner. Also a single stage power conversion circuit possessing Z-source network which replaces the boost converter set up in conventional mundane maximum power tracking circuits. The maximum power tracking is the trickiest part which is embedded within the inverter control. Therefore the control over inverter not only operates the PV panel at its maximum possible power but also have a check at the capacitor voltage of the Z-source network, thereby making the system more reliable and power efficient.
Rubber Seed Kernel as a Substitute for Wood in a Biomass Gasifier – An Experimental Study
Authors: Singh V. Christus Jeya , Thyagarajan K. , Murugan P.C. , Sekhar S. Joseph
Published: July 2014

The prediction of the performance of different biomass energy sources in gasifiers is an important area of study for the implementation of this technology in various applications, relevant to remote villages. This paper presents the experimental studies conducted on a 50 kW imbert downdraft gasifier with wood and rubber seed kernel which are available abundantly in villages close to hilly regions of South India. The influence of equivalence ratio on the species concentration, gas production rate, HHV of producer gas and gasifier conversion efficiency are discussed. The experimental study shows that the rubber seed kernel can be effectively used as feedstock in biomass gasifiers to meet the decentralized heat and power applications of rural villages.
Optimization of Performance Parameters of a CI Engine Fueled with Neem Biodiesel Using Taguchi Technique
Authors: Arunprasad S. , Balusamy T.
Published: July 2014

The research is aimed to optimise the engine parameters by using biodiesel as a fuel. Neem oil is used as a bio diesel in CI engine which is produced by transesterification process. Taguchi optimization technique was used to get optimum level of parameters such as brake thermal efficiency (BTHE), indicated thermal efficiency (ITHE) and specific fuel consumption (SFC). Experiments were conducted with neem oil biodiesel blends and diesel value were compared with these results and presented in this paper. The result clearly shows that blend B60, compression ratio 18:1 and 6 Kg load was the optimum parameters.Keywords: Neem biodiesel; CI engine; Performance; Taguchi technique;
Experimental Investigation on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Modified Piston in an IDI Diesel Engine Fueled with Ethyl Alcohol
Authors: Parthasarathy M. , Lalvani J. Isaac Joshua Ramesh , Prakash E. , Jayaraj S. , Annamalai K.
Published: July 2014

Compression ignition engines with ethyl alcohol as a fuel are associated with some problems. Because of ethyl alcohol has high self-ignition temperature. It can be used in compression engine by hot surface ignition method which is used to resolve the ignition of the fuel. The modification of the engine is carried out in such a way that a pre combustion chamber is designed in engine head with a provision for heat plug is made on the pre combustion chamber. A piston with squish plate is designed and thermally analyzed. The squish piston helps for attaining better homogeneous mixture than conventional piston. Thus the better combustion is obtained with the squish piston resulting with higher adiabatic flame temperature than the conventional piston. When air is inducted into the combustion chamber it is exposed to high temperature. Modifications for pure ethyl alcohol made significant improvement in thermal efficiency, torque and reduction in specific fuel consumption of an engine. The results exhibit a path toward ethyl alcohol has an effective alternative to conventional diesel engines.
Experimental Investigation of Diesel – Ethanol Blend in DI Diesel Engine Using Preheating of Intake Air
Authors: Gnanamoorthi V. , Udhayakumar K. , Devaradjane G.
Published: July 2014

Effect of preheat intake air were investigated on performance and emission characteristic of a compression ignition engine running on fuel of diesel (70%)-ethanol (30%). Fuel was evaluated within the engine twist with intake air temperature at 30°C and 60˚ respectively. Performance and emission characteristic of the diesel engine are compared based on diesel-ethanol blend, with and without preheat. The resulting emission indicated that the high heat of vaporization of ethanol affect CO and HC emission considerably. Preheating the intake air diesel-ethanol blend tends to reduce the production of CO and HC whereas increasing NOx emission.