bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kesulitan Mahasiswa pada Kalkulus Diferensial dengan Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Aura Febriana Hakiki  , Azzahra Livana  , Inggit Selvianti  , Siti Musabikha Febrianti  , Ul'fah Hernaeny
Published: December 2024

Kalkulus Diferensial, sebagai salah satu mata kuliah dasar dalam program studi matematika, seringkali menjadi tantangan bagi siswa. Kalkulus Diferensial cukup memberikan kontribusi terhadap peningkatan kemampuan analisis siswa. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi berbagai kesulitan yang menghadang mahasiswa dalam mempelajari kalkulus, seperti kesulitan memahami konsep-konsep abstrak, kesulitan dalam memecahkan masalah, dan rendahnya kemampuan berpikir kritis. Keberhasilan belajar ini dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, baik internal, seperti aspek psikologis dan biologi siswa, maupun eksternal yang berasal dari lingkungan keluarga, sekolah, dan masyarakat. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini perlu merancang dan menerapkan beberapa strategi pembelajaran yang efektif, yang mencakup seperti pemilihan metode yang sesuai, pengelolaan kelas yang baik, serta pemberian soal-soal yang dapat merangsang dan mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Proses pembelajaran yang efektif dalam mengurangi kesulitan belajar dan mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dapat dilakukan secara dinamis, baik secara berurutan maupun simultan. Diharapkan, dengan pendekatan yang tepat, siswa dapat lebih mudah mengatasi kesulitan dalam mempelajari kalkulus dan mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis yang sangat diperlukan dalam pendidikan matematika misalnya dalam menghadapi tantangan di dunia kerja.
Development of Mukena with Typical Acehnese Motifs Using Printing Techniques
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281., Sakinah Febiyani , Budiastuti Emy ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281., Wening Sri ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281.
Published: December 2024

Current technological developments greatly support the creation of textile printing on mukena with typical Acehnese motifs because, generally, the use of motifs only uses embroidery techniques. This study aims to develop mukena products with typical Acehnese motifs using printing techniques and test the feasibility of the product. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) study using the PPE model with three stages: planning, production, and evaluation. This product was validated by one digital expert, cultural expert, and academic expert and then tested on 50 Muslim women aged 25 years and over. The data collection technique used validation sheets and questionnaires. Data analysis with descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data obtained as a percentage. Based on the digital expert test results, the overall assessment aspect obtained a percentage of 90.62% in the (outstanding) category. The results of the cultural expert test were 100% in the (outstanding) category, and the results of the academic expert test were 85.93% in the (good) category. Then, the results of the respondent trial obtained a result of 84.22% in the (good) category. The study results conclude that the mukena product with a typical Aceh motif and printing techniques is worthy of being marketed.
Impact of COVID-19 on Cholera Outbreaks in Kenya: A Study of Mavoko Sub-County, 2019-2023
Authors: Ndolo Anne Mwende , Jung Keumji
Published: December 2024

Background: The global impact of COVID-19 on healthcare affected cholera prevention in Africa. Despite being an endemic area, Mavoko, Kenya, experienced a surprising decrease in cholera cases during the pandemic. This study analyzes the dynamics of cholera outbreaks in Mavoko before, during, and after COVID-19, aiming to refine public health strategies for cholera prevention, with broader implications for future pandemics.

Method: This study retrospectively analyzed cholera in Mavoko Sub-County during pre-COVID-19 (2019), COVID-19 (2020-2021), and post-COVID-19 (2022-2023). Participants seeking cholera-related medical care were included. Data from Mavoko’s Disease Surveillance and Response Unit, supplemented by 2019 Kenya Census data, were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and logistic regression to explore cholera’s association with factors like sanitation, water access, wealth, urban/rural settings, and handwashing facilities.

Results: The study of 1,786 individuals revealed gender and age correlations, urban-rural variations, and wealth disparities. Mortality rates were higher in men, while cholera cases were evenly distributed between genders. Cholera prevalence was high pre- and post-COVID-19, lower during COVID-19. Insanitary sanitation significantly increased cholera risk (AOR=1.28, p=0.047), water source type showed potential association but not significance (AOR=1.43, p=0.064). Pre- and post-COVID-19 periods had higher cholera risks than during COVID-19 (AOR=3.38, p<0.001 and AOR=4.14, p<0.001). Age and gender did not significantly impact cholera risk (p>0.05). For cholera severity, poor sanitation (AOR=4.56, p<0.001), lack of handwashing (AOR=3.45, p<0.001), and age over 50 (AOR=2.24, p=0.001) were significant factors.

Conclusion: This study highlighted COVID-19’s impact on cholera in Mavoko Sub-County, showing a decline during the pandemic and an increase afterward. Key factors included sanitation, water access, and cholera severity linked to sanitation, handwashing, and age over 50. Despite COVID-19 influencing cholera outbreaks, severity was primarily determined by sanitation, hand hygiene, and age, surpassing the pandemic’s direct impact.
Intercorrências do polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) em procedimentos estéticos e a busca por novos tratamentos – uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Szmid Ana Julia , Bender Suzana
Published: December 2024

O polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) é um preenchedor muito utilizado em procedimentos estéticos para dar volume em áreas específicas do corpo ou face, contudo, sua aplicação inadequada pode resultar em graves intercorrências. O estudo tem como objetivo analisar as principais complicações causadas pela utilização de polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) após procedimentos estéticos e identificar novas abordagens para indivíduos acometidos por tais intercorrências. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura científica sobre intercorrências do PMMA em procedimentos estéticos e a busca por novos tratamentos. Os dados foram coletados nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, LILACS, SciELO e MEDLINE, publicados nos últimos cinco anos, em português e inglês, utilizando os descritores associados pelo operador booleano “AND”: “polimetilmetacrilato AND doença iatrogênica”, “polimetilmetacrilato AND preenchedores dérmicos”, “polimetilmetacrilato AND cirurgia estética AND efeitos adversos”, “polimetilmetacrilato AND tratamento AND efeitos adversos”. Também foram empregadas as palavras-chave: “complicação por PMMA”, “polimetilmetacrilato e efeitos adversos”, “polimetilmetacrilato e lipodistrofia”, “polimetilmetacrilato em procedimentos estéticos” e “polimetilmetacrilato e preenchimento labial”. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, as complicações mais ocorrentes pela utilização do PMMA em procedimentos estéticos foram: reações inflamatórias no local de aplicação, granulomas, nódulos, rigidez local, edema, dor, vermelhidão, secreção purulenta e, em casos mais severos, disfunção renal, como a necessidade de hemodiálise e recorrência de hipercalcemia. Normalmente, o tratamento é realizado com uso de corticoides, retirada cirúrgica e uma nova abordagem é a utilização do ultrassom de 22 MHz com infiltração de corticoide para casos de granulomas. Apesar de regulamentado pela Anvisa, o uso do PMMA exige restrições rigorosas, pois complicações graves podem causar danos físicos e psicológicos permanentes, até fatais.
Study of legume-rhizobia symbiosis in soybean for agroecosystem resilience
Authors: Mazur Oleksandr , Mazur Olena , Tymoshchuk Tetiana , Didur Ihor , Tsyhanskyi Viacheslav
Published: December 2024

Research into innovative methods of regulating legume-rhizobia symbiosis is crucial for enhancing nitrogen fixation, thereby promoting soil health and increasing crop yields. This contributes to sustainable agriculture by reducing the need for chemical fertilisers and enhancing the resilience of agroecosystems. The study aimed to determine the impact of seed inoculation, environmental conditions, and varietal characteristics of soybean varieties on biological nitrogen accumulation. The research was conducted under the environmental conditions of Kyiv, Poltava, and Vinnytsia regions from 2010 to 2021. Cultivation practices for the soybean varieties adhered to standard regional agronomic guidelines. The findings detail the effects of seed inoculation on the dynamics of formation and productivity of soybean-rhizobial symbiosis in soils with existing native rhizobial populations. The nitrogen-fixing potential of soybean varieties under inoculation was identified, showing that inoculation enhances the efficiency of the soybean symbiotic system. It has been demonstrated that, across varied environmental conditions, seed inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum enhances the formation and functioning of the soybean symbiotic apparatus, even in soils with existing native populations of nodule bacteria. The efficacy of seed inoculation is influenced by the hydrothermal conditions of the year, environmental factors, and soybean variety. Seed inoculation contributes to the development of a greater mass of active nodules on plant roots, positively impacting nitrogen fixation. The highest nitrogen fixation levels were observed in the soybean varieties Ametyst, Artemida, and Hoverla across different environmental conditions. Seed inoculation increased the amount of biologically fixed nitrogen in these varieties by 33.9-36.1 kg/ha. Varieties Ametyst, Artemida, and Hoverla showed a particularly strong response to inoculation with nitrogenfixing bacteria and are recommended for cultivation in diverse environmental conditions. Innovative approaches to enhancing the efficiency of the soybean legume-rhizobia symbiosis through the use of biological inoculants based on nitrogen-fixing bacteria will enable the development of biologically-oriented cultivation technologies, promoting the resilience of agroecosystems
Effectiveness of IEC on the Care of Pregnant Women and Children During the First 1000 Days of Life in Reducing the Prevalence of Stunting in Simoro Village, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Nur Rosmala , Rau Muh Jusman , Larasati Rahma Dwi , Laba Stefiani Bengan , H Muh Rusydi , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Badollahi Muh Zainuddin
Published: December 2024

Backgrounds: The prevalence of stunting in Central Sulawesi remains high at 27.2%, surpassing the national prevalence of stunting. In Sigi Regency, the prevalence of stunting reaches 26.4%  (1). This figure is still far from the Indonesian presidential target of reducing stunting prevalence to 14% by 2024. One strategy to reduce stunting is to carry out applied research aimed at increasing mothers' knowledge and attitudes about the first 1000 days of life.  This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) programs on the care of pregnant women and children during the first 1000 days of life, including antenatal care (ANC) visits, iron (Fe) tablet supplementation, colostrum provision, exclusive breastfeeding, and continued breastfeeding up to 2 years, on the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of respondents. Method: This pre-experimental research used a one-group pretest-posttest design and was carried out in Simoro Village, Sigi Regency, from June to July 2024. The research population included all pregnant women and mothers of children under two years (Baduta) in the area. A sample of 40 respondents was selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The IEC intervention on the first 1000 days of life used lectures, question-and-answer sessions, demonstrations, and leaflets. Pretests and posttests were administered using questionnaires to measure the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the respondents regarding the first 1000 days of life. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The Wilcoxon test results showed significant improvements in the knowledge (p = 0.002), attitudes (p = 0.008), and behaviors (p = 0.037) of the respondents. Conclusion: The IEC intervention on the care of pregnant women and children during the first 1000 days of life positively influenced the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the respondents. Routine IEC activities using varied methods should be carried out to improve the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of pregnant women and mothers of children under two years (Baduta) as a strategy to prevent stunting.
Implementación de un plan de concienciación en ciberseguridad en un centro de investigación de universidades en Panamá
Authors: Ho Iván , Ulloa Giselle , Moreno Katherine
Published: December 2024

En la actualidad, las universidades estatales carecen una cultura de ciberseguridad para alcanzar la excelencia educativa al integrar sistemas informáticos y herramientas tecnológicas para brindar una mejor educación al país, entregando profesionales con mejores competencias en ciencia y tecnología. La seguridad informática de una institución no es solo tener los últimos software, políticas, lineamientos y equipos tecnológicos contra ciber amenazas , sino tener usuarios concienciados debido a que ellos son el eslabón débil de la seguridad de cualquiera institución u empresa, generalmente es la primera persona a la cual los ciber atacantes acuden para obtener la información necesaria mediante la ingeniería social porque es la manera más fácil y efectiva de obtener la información de la empresa sin necesidad de utilizar softwares sofisticados y así saltar la seguridad que brindan los sistemas informáticos de la institución.
Aplicabilidad de la metodología “learning-by-doing” en el proceso de aprendizaje de las ciencias empresariales y turísticas universitarias
Authors: Castillo Montenegro Edilberta , Martinez Moreno Jorge Antonio
Published: December 2024

El presente estudio enfatiza la importancia que tiene la incorporación de metodologías activas -dinámicas, innovadoras y flexibles- que puedan contribuir al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los estudiantes de las ciencias empresariales y turísticas.   Hoy, se exige una formación universitaria integral y dinámica, que permita al estudiante enfrentar retos y desafíos. Es por ello, que se pretendió resaltar la importancia de incorporar la Metodología “Aprender-Haciendo” (Learning-by-Doing) con el propósito de que sean incorporada y desarrollada en el proceso educativo universitario de las ciencias empresariales y turísticas, para así, fortalecer el trabajo en equipo, la creatividad, integralidad, el pensamiento crítico, innovación y garantizar el espíritu emprendedor en los estudiantes. El análisis, basado en un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo y explicativo, incluyó un escenario, en donde participaron 35 docentes de la Escuela de Administración de Empresas (Departamento de la Empresa y su Organización y Departamento de Empresas Turísticas Bilingüe). Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que la incorporación de metodologías y estrategias activas garantizan efectividad, optimización y competitividad al desarrollar competencias para enfrentar las problemáticas circundantes y empresariales en mundo cambiante y tecnológico del siglo XXI.
Aplicaciones móviles para el fomento de la cultura digital en el sector turistico de Panamá
Authors: Brenes Samaniego María Alexandra , Martínez Serafina
Published: December 2024

El ensayo bibliográfico que se presenta tiene como objetivo analizar las aplicaciones móviles (Apps) para el fomento de la cultura digital en el sector turístico de Panamá. Las Apps son herramientas diseñadas para funcionar desde dispositivos móviles cono smartphones y tabletas para ayudar a los usuarios a realizar tareas específicas, ya sean de carácter profesional, recreativo o informativo. En el contexto del turismo panameño las aplicaciones móviles tienen varios fines:  facilitan la planificación de viajes, ofrecen datos actualizados sobre destinos en tiempo real, mejoran la experiencia del usuario, fomentan la conectividad entre turistas y proveedores de servicios, así como en los propios viajeros. Se realizó una revisión documental para analizar varios factores como la accesibilidad, eficiencia, innovación y sostenibilidad. Entre las conclusiones se tiene que las aplicaciones móviles no solo mejoran la experiencia cultural del visitante, sino que también contribuyen al desarrollo económico y social de las comunidades locales panameñas.
Occupational Performance Coaching on Health Self-Care Behavior and Activity Participation for Adults With Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ahmadizadeh Zahra , Shanbehzadeh Sanaz , Taghavi Sepideh , Kessler Dorothy , Khaleghparast Shiva , Akbarfahimi Malahat
Published: December 2024

Importance: Patients with heart failure (HF) experience restrictions in their activity participation. Health self-care behavior (HSCB) among patients with HF is an essential component of managing HF symptoms.

Objective: To assess the effect of occupational performance coaching (OPC) on improving activity participation and HSCB among patients with HF.

Design: Single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Outpatient HF clinic in Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical & Research Center (Tehran, Iran).

Participants: Forty-four adults with HF randomized into two groups (1:1 ratio).

Outcomes and Measures: All participants received the usual health self-care education, and the intervention group also received eight weekly sessions of the OPC intervention. HSCB and activity participation were the primary outcomes. Primary outcomes and secondary outcomes (depression, quality of life, self-efficacy, cognitive level, fatigue, social support, functional capacity, and activities of daily living) were collected at baseline and 8 and 12 wk postintervention.

Results: The results of two-way repeated-measures analysis of covariance for three assessment time points with the primary and secondary outcomes showed a significant improvement in primary outcomes and depression (p < .05) among the intervention group. There were no significant between-groups differences in the other outcomes (p > .05).

Conclusions and Relevance: These findings indicate that an 8-wk OPC intervention could enhance HSCB and activity participation and reduce depression among patients with HF. Therefore, integrating OPC into standard care may improve the well-being of patients with HF. Moreover, the results suggest that the participation-based interventions have the potential to enhance HSCB among HF patients.

Plain-Language Summary: Occupational performance coaching (OPC) is a client-centered occupational therapy intervention designed to enhance behavior change and activity participation by promoting the development of healthy habits and routines. This study presents important insights into the impact of the OPC intervention on patients with heart failure (HF). Our findings indicate that the OPC intervention can significantly improve health self-care behavior, increase participation, and reduce depression among HF patients.
Exploring the Impact of Social Relationship Modification
on Young Female Soccer Players’ Performance
in Small-Sided Games
Authors: Los Arcos Asier , Gonzalez-Artetxe Asier , Lombardero Sara , Esnal-Arrizabalaga Oihan , Aginaga Jokin
Published: December 2024

This study compared young female soccer players’ tactical, conditional, and emotional responses during two small-sided games (SSGs), without restrictions (SSGfree), and introducing an additional rule (SSGrelationship: if a player touches an opponent just before she receives the ball, her team wins the ball back with an indirect free kick). Fourteen developmental U14 players participated in two 4 × 6-min seven-a-side games (six each, plus goalkeepers) on a 50-m long × 30-m wide field. Players’ positional data were collected using a GPS to assess their tactical performance (central tendency and entropy measures of the surface area, distance between players and to the nearest opponent, and stretch and spatial exploration indices) and conditional performance (total and low-moderate, high, very high speed, sprinting distance covered, and the number of accelerations and decelerations). Participants also rated their perceived enjoyment and competence using the BECS scale. Tactical central tendency measures were higher during SSGfree (p < 0.05) than in SSGrelationship, but no differences were apparent for entropy and conditional measures (p > 0.05). From bout to bout, central tendency measures of tactical variables decreased more frequently during SSGfree than SSGrelationship. Entropy measures and conditional performance hardly varied between bouts. Enjoyment and perceived competence levels were similar for both SSGs. The findings indicate that modifying the interaction between opponents affects players’ tactical responses more than conditional responses when compared with free play. Specifically, touching an opponent before they receive the ball may encourage players to play closer to their opponents during training tasks.
Velocity Loss as an Indicator of Resistance Training Volume
in Women
Authors: Bachero Mena Beatriz , Rodiles Guerrero Luis , Sánchez Valdepeñas Juan , Cornejo Daza Pedro Jesús , Cano Castillo Clara , Pareja Blanco Fernando , Sánchez Moreno Miguel
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to analyze the evolution of repetition velocity throughout a set until failure in the bench-press exercise and to analyze the relationships between the percentage of performed repetitions (%Rep) regarding the maximum number of repetitions that can be completed (MNR) and the percentage of velocity loss (VL) in women. Sixteen women performed one set until failure with four different intensities (50%, 60%, 70%, and 80% of one-repetition maximum, 1RM). Two-testing sessions were performed with 50% and 80% 1RM to evaluate data stability. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. A close relationship was observed between the magnitude of VL and the %Rep (R2 = 0.85–0.92) and a low standard error of the estimation (6.85–9.81%). Regarding reliability, the MNR showed a coefficient of variation (CV) of 16.1% and 20.8% for 50% and 80% 1RM, respectively. Regarding the %Rep for a given VL (from 15% VL), CVs were: 6.3–19.6%, being higher when VL reached in the set was lower. This study shows the usefulness of monitoring VL to estimate, with considerable precision, the %Rep in women. However, the %Rep when a given VL was reached revealed only satisfactory absolute reliability from a certain VL threshold (>15% VL).
Evaluating Local Muscle Oxygen Saturation:
Ischemic Preconditioning Protocols
and the Myth of Overcompensation
Authors: Marocolo Moacir , Arriel Rhaí A , Guedes Guilherme , Meireles Anderson , Krzysztofik Michal , Chycki Jakub , Zajac Adam , Souza Hiago LR
Published: December 2024

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a promising strategy to enhance athletic performance and recovery by improving local muscle oxygen saturation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different IPC protocols on muscle oxygenation in physically active healthy men. Thirty-four subjects were randomized into three groups and underwent four occlusion cycles of duration of three (IPC-3), five (IPC-5) or seven (IPC-7) min in only one limb. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to assess oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin levels, calculating total hemoglobin and oxygen saturation percentage (TSI%). Results showed significant improvements in muscle oxygenation following IPC, with variations in minimum, peak, and mean values across protocols. IPC-5 demonstrated the most consistent enhancements in oxygen saturation levels, with statistically significant differences observed in TSI% values during occlusion and reperfusion phases compared to IPC-3 (p < 0.05) and IPC-7 (p < 0.05), without supercompensation of TSI% during reperfusion phases compared to baseline. Specifically, IPC-5 induced the greatest increase in oxygenation in the contralateral limb compared to IPC-3 and IPC-7. These findings suggest that IPC, particularly the five-min protocol, effectively enhances local muscle oxygenation in non-occluded limbs, which may contribute to improved athletic performance and recovery, mainly under conditions where the exercise or testing does not directly involve cuffed limbs.
Pensar-con mundos asociados: cohabitabilidad multiespecie y antropologías otras-que-no-humanas
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Barboza Arias Luis
Published: December 2024

Este ensayo reflexiona sobre el potencial analítico de lo que denominamos “antropologías otras-que-no-humanas”. Se propone examinar el surgimiento de mundos de vida (tanto humanos como otros-que-no-humanos), sus interconexiones y su (co)existencia en devenir, a partir de la observación de cocodrilos en el puente sobre el río Tárcoles, en Puntarenas, Costa Rica. La provocación analítica que aquí se plantea es considerar a los cocodrilos como una vitalidad con un mundo asociado. Además, se indaga en ciertas consideraciones teóricas y conceptuales bajo la premisa de la noción de “mundos que mundean mundos”. También se aborda la participación de los otros-que-no-humanos como organizadores de narrativas. Finalmente, se presentan algunas reflexiones sobre la cohabitabilidad multiespecie en tiempos de crisis antropogénicas.
Hospicio y Manicomio de Quito: sus múltiples usos como centro de acogida y espacio de terapéutica (1785-1918)
Authors:   FLACSO-ECUADOR, Yépez Guerra Claudio
Published: December 2024

En el presente trabajo se aborda el tema de la historia de la psiquiatría en Quito. Se realiza una descripción y un análisis de los múltiples usos que tuvo el Hospicio y Manicomio de Quito, a partir de diferentes eventos sociales, económicos, políticos, culturales, religiosos y médicos. Se destaca la presencia e importancia de las Hermanas de la Caridad en la administración de la institución psiquiátrica quiteña y se vinculan dos paradigmas desarrollados a finales del siglo XIX e inicios del XX: Alienismo y kraepeliniano. Además, se mencionan las terapéuticas modernas que sustituyeron, desde 1944, a los paradigmas antes mencionados, y la desinstitucionalización de los pacientes como su efecto. También se resalta la relevancia de los procesos de observación registrados en las historias clínicas del manicomio.

Por último, se hace el análisis de un estudio de caso con base en conceptos relacionados a la etnopsiquiatría. La principal conclusión es que el Hospicio y manicomio de Quito se constituyó como un espacio ambiguo, en el que ninguna de sus aparentes funciones podía cumplirse eficazmente. Fue un espacio que albergó enfermedades, abandonos, delincuencia, problemas sociales y creencias religiosas.
Constructing Accessible Technology Policy in a University Setting During COVID
Authors: Rode Jennifer , Littlejohn Allison
Published: December 2024

The University College London’s Moving to Online Teaching and Homeworking (MOTH) project used this data to mobile and advocate for improved accessibility in remote meetings during the pandemic. We conducted a survey running from March to June 2020 with UCL’s staff. As part of the survey, staff who took part in teaching and research shared challenges and opportunities, as well as images that communicated their experience. The focus of our study was on how working from home impacted teaching and research, rather than asking staff members to report on their disability. Nonetheless, many staff members took the opportunity to write comments regarding disability implications in our open-ended qualitative questions. From the responses, it was clear that disabled people experience both challenges and opportunities from working at home. This paper reports that data and discusses the rapid responses to disseminate the data and make recommendations to ameliorate the situation. Rather than using a top-down approach led by literature, we worked with disabled activists as part of UCL’s Disability Equality Steering Group to act on the findings based on lived experience.  We present our data and recommendations here modeling best practices for acting on research findings led by the disabled community in the spirit of “nothing about us without us”.
“Enquiring” (midrash-ing) of Joseph Rykwert
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Molok N.Yu.
Published: December 2024

The article is an afterword to Joseph Rykwert’s “On First Hearing about Hermeneutics”. The author reconstructs the historical and methodological contexts of the appearance of the article in October magazine and comes to the conclusion that Rykwert’s main reason for publishing his story was a desire to explain himself — not only to show that he did not belong to any of philosophical hermeneutics’ schools, but also to indicate the true sources of the glimmer of his texts.
HISTÓRICO DA EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL E INCLUSIVA NO BRASIL
Authors: Reis Marcos Ribeiro , Coutinho Diógenes José Gusmão
Published: December 2024

O artigo aborda a trajetória histórica e crítica da educação especial e inclusiva no Brasil, destacando marcos legais, práticas pedagógicas e desafios contemporâneos para consolidar a inclusão escolar. A pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar como as mudanças históricas e políticas contribuíram para a ampliação dos direitos educacionais das pessoas com deficiência, com enfoque na articulação entre políticas públicas e práticas pedagógicas. A metodologia utilizada é qualitativa, baseada em revisão bibliográfica e análise documental, abrangendo legislações, diretrizes e estudos acadêmicos que discutem a evolução da inclusão escolar no país. Os resultados evidenciam avanços significativos, como o aumento de matrículas na educação básica, especialmente no ensino fundamental, impulsionado por políticas como a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB) e a Lei Brasileira de Inclusão (LBI). Contudo, desafios persistem, incluindo a resistência cultural, a formação inadequada de docentes, a insuficiência de recursos pedagógicos e a dificuldade de transição para o ensino médio. A discussão ressalta a importância de esforços integrados entre governos, escolas e sociedade para superar barreiras e promover a equidade educacional. Conclui-se que a inclusão escolar é um direito fundamental e uma responsabilidade coletiva, exigindo investimentos em formação docente, recursos pedagógicos e infraestrutura adaptada para garantir uma educação verdadeiramente inclusiva.
FARMÁCIA CLÍNICA E ATENÇÃO FARMACÊUTICA NO AMBIENTE HOSPITALAR
Authors: Sousa Tayse Alves da Silva , Santana Thalita Rauanna Borges , Camelo  Jessica da Silva , Saraiva Louise Cristina Freitas
Published: December 2024

Embora antes limitada ao armazenamento e distribuição de medicamentos, a farmácia hospitalar evoluiu com a introdução da atenção farmacêutica, permitindo um controle maior da qualidade e segurança no uso de medicamentos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, evidenciar a ocorrência da farmácia clínica e da atenção farmacêutica no ambiente hospitalar, bem com entender o papel e a importância do farmacêutico no ambiente hospitalar. Esta pesquisa é de caráter exploratório e descritivo, utilizando a revisão sistemática da literatura. Os artigos foram selecionados por meio de buscas no Google Acadêmico, PubMed, LILACS e Scielo. Nos resultados, foi possível verificar que, a atuação do farmacêutico clínico é adaptável a diferentes contextos. Nesse sentido, o farmacêutico realiza o acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico, contribuindo para a redução de erros, gastos e riscos relacionados ao uso de medicações, além de melhorar a eficácia do tratamento por meio de consultas e intervenções personalizadas. Em conclusão, o farmacêutico clínico é fundamental no ambiente hospitalar, assegurando a terapia medicamentosa ideal e contribuindo para a prevenção de problemas relacionados a medicamentos. A colaboração multiprofissional e a aceitação das intervenções farmacêuticas pelos prescritores são essenciais para melhorar a adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento e promover a saúde.
ENDOMETRIOSE E QUALIDADE DE VIDA
Authors: Abrantes Kaellen Batista , Lacerda Gabrielly Magnólia Mangueira , Silva Lorena Dantas da , Souza Anne Caroline de , Quental Ocilma Barros de , Silva Macerlane de Lira
Published: December 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A endometriose é caracterizada pela presença de tecido endometrial que reveste a cavidade uterina, o endométrio, para outras partes do corpo, principalmente para o abdome, além de ovários, ligamentos uterinos, bexiga e intestino. Mulheres com endometriose podem ser assintomáticas ou apresentar queixas de dismenorreia, dispareunia, dor pélvica crônica ou até mesmo infertilidade. Essa doença interfere significativamente na vida profissional, social e conjugal das portadoras, afetando assim sua qualidade de vida. OBJETIVO: Averiguar a qualidade de vida de mulher após o diagnóstico da endometriose. METODO: A presente pesquisa é uma Revisão Integrativa que busca analisar de que forma a Endometriose pode influenciar a qualidade de vida de mulheres portadoras dessa patologia. A coleta de dados aconteceu através das bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Banco de Dados em Enfermagem (BDenf) e Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), utilizando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Endometriose; qualidade de vida. Para os critérios de inclusão, foram aceitos artigos publicados entre os anos de 2011 e 2024, com um intervalo de tempo de doze anos; foram excluídos os artigos duplicados em mais de uma base de dados e aqueles que não estavam alinhados com o tema proposto para a pesquisa. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÕES: Conforme demonstrado nesta pesquisa, a endometriose impacta profundamente vários aspectos da vida das mulheres, comprometendo de forma significativa sua qualidade de vida. A doença limita a realização de atividades diárias e afeta negativamente suas relações interpessoais. Além dos sintomas físicos, também exerce um efeito expressivo sobre a saúde mental das pacientes, contribuindo para o surgimento de quadros de ansiedade e depressão. CONCLUSÃO: Portanto, a experiência com a endometriose, suas consequências e as dificuldades associadas ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento influenciam vários aspectos da vida social, sexual, emocional e profissional das mulheres afetadas. Assim, essa condição pode prejudicar significativamente a qualidade de vida das pacientes que lidam com ela.
Spatial, temporal, and meteorological impact of the 26 February 2023 dust storm: increase in particulate matter concentrations across New Mexico and West Texas
Authors: Robinson Mary C. , Schueth Kaitlin , Ardon-Dryer Karin
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The southwestern portions of the United States experience dust events frequently due to arid and semi-arid environments and close proximity to multiple deserts. On 26 February 2023, a dust event was initiated in New Mexico due to strong winds aloft mixing down to the surface. The dust intensified as it moved eastward into West Texas and developed into a dust storm (visibility <1 km) for multiple locations. This study examined the meteorological characteristics of this dust storm using 28 meteorological stations and examined the impacts on PM2.5 and/or PM10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 and 10 µm) concentrations using 19 air quality stations. The dust event lasted up to ∼16 h; dust storm conditions lasted from 5 to 120 min. The highest wind speed and wind gust recorded during the dust episode were 27 and 37 m s−1, respectively. This dust had a strong impact on the air quality in the area, as very high PM values were recorded across the region, and nine of the PM stations exceeded the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) daily threshold. The maximum hourly PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations recorded were 518 and 9983 µg m−3, respectively. These concentrations at the peak of the dust were an order of magnitude higher than the minimum hourly PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations recorded on the dust day. The highest hourly PM10–PM2.5 concentration recorded was 760 ± 1000 µg m−3, while the lowest hourly PM2.5 / PM10 concentration measured was 0.05 ± 0.01.
Formation and chemical evolution of secondary organic aerosol in two different environments: a dual-chamber study
Authors: Aktypis Andreas , Sippial Dontavious J. , Vasilakopoulou Christina N. , Matrali Angeliki , Kaltsonoudis Christos , Simonati Andrea , Paglione Marco , Rinaldi Matteo , Decesari Stefano , Pandis Spyros N.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. A dual-chamber system was deployed in two different environments to study the potential of ambient air, which was directly injected into the chambers, to form secondary organic and inorganic aerosol. A total of 16 experiments took place during March 2022 in a polluted environment in the Po Valley, Italy, which is dominated by anthropogenic emissions. Another 15 experiments were conducted in the Pertouli forest, Greece, which is dominated by biogenic emissions. In both campaigns, ambient air containing highly oxidized (average O:C 0.7–0.8) aerosol was the starting point of the experiments, and its chemical evolution under the presence of OH radicals was followed. In the Po Valley secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation was observed in all experiments but one, and the SOA formed ranged from 0.1 to 10 µg m−3. Experiments conducted under more polluted conditions (usually at night and early morning) had significantly higher SOA formation, with the concentration of the organic aerosol at the end being about 4 times higher than the initial level. Also, production of 4–230 µg m−3 of ammonium nitrate was observed in all experiments due to the high levels of ammonia in this area. The produced SOA appeared to increase as the ambient relative humidity increased, but other parameters could also be responsible for this. There was not a clear relationship between the SOA and temperature, while higher SOA production was observed when the PM1 levels in the Po Valley were high. Contrary to the Po Valley, only one experiment in the Pertouli forest resulted in the formation of detectable SOA (about 1 µg m−3). This experiment was characterized by higher ambient concentrations of both monoterpenes and isoprene. In two experiments, some SOA was formed, but its concentration dropped below detection levels after 30 min. This behavior is consistent with local formation in a chamber that was not well mixed. Although both environments have organic aerosol (OA) with O:C in the range of 0.7–0.8, the atmosphere of the two sites had very different potentials of forming SOA. In the Po Valley, the system reacts rapidly, forming large amounts of SOA, while in Pertouli the corresponding SOA formation chemistry appears to have been practically terminated before the beginning of most experiments, so there is little additional SOA formation potential left.
Molecular and seasonal characteristics of organic vapors in urban Beijing: insights from Vocus-PTR measurements
Authors: An Zhaojin , Yin Rujing , Zhao Xinyan , Li Xiaoxiao , Li Yuyang , Yuan Yi , Guo Junchen , Zhao Yiqi , Li Xue , Li Dandan , Li Yaowei , Wang Dongbin , Yan Chao , He Kebin , Worsnop Douglas R. , Keutsch Frank N. , Jiang Jingkun
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Understanding the composition and evolution of atmospheric organic vapors is crucial for exploring their impact on air quality. However, the molecular and seasonal characteristics of organic vapors in urban areas, with complex anthropogenic emissions and high variability, remain inadequately understood. In this study, we conducted measurements in urban Beijing during 2021–2022, covering four seasons, using improved proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (Vocus-PTR-MS). During the measurement period, a total of 895 peaks were observed, and 512 of them can be assigned to formulas. The contribution of CxHyOz species is most significant, composing up to 54 % of the number and 74 % of the mixing ratio of total organics. With enhanced sensitivity and mass resolution, various species with multiple oxygens (≥ 3) or at a level of sub-parts per trillion (ppt) were observed, with 44 % of the number measured at sub-ppt level and 38 % of the number containing three–eight oxygen atoms. Organic vapors with multiple oxygens mainly consist of intermediate/semi-volatile compounds, and many formulae detected were reported to be the oxidation products of various volatile organic precursors. In summer, the fast photooxidation process generated organic vapors with multiple oxygens and led to an increase in both their mixing ratio and proportion, while, in other seasons, the variations in organic vapors with multiple oxygens were closely correlated with those of organic vapors with 1–2 oxygens, which could be substantially influenced by primary emissions. Organic vapors with low oxygen content (≤ 2 oxygens) are comparable to the results obtained by traditional PTR-MS measurements in both urban Beijing and neighboring regions.
Observing convective activities in complex convective organizations and their contributions to precipitation and anvil cloud amounts
Authors: Wang Zhenquan , Yuan Jian
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The convective processes of precipitation and the production of anvil clouds determine the Earth's water and radiative budgets. However, convection could have very complicated convective organizations and behaviors in the tropics. Many convective activities in various life stages are clustered and connected in complex convective organizations, and distinguishing their behaviors is difficult. In this work, based on hourly infrared brightness temperature (BT) satellite images, with a novel variable-BT tracking algorithm, complex convective organizations are partitioned into organization segments of single cold-core structures as tracking targets. The detailed evolution of the organization structures (e.g., the variation in the cold-core BT, mergers and splits of cold cores) can be tracked, and precipitation and anvil clouds are explicitly associated with unique cold cores. Compared with previous tracking algorithms that focused only on variations in areas, the novel variable-BT tracking algorithm is designed to track the core structure in complex convective organizations and document the evolution of both the area and BT structures. For validation, the tracked motions are compared against the radiosonde cloud-top winds, with a mean speed difference of −1.6 m s−1 and a mean angle difference of 0.5°. With the novel variable-BT tracking algorithm, the behaviors of oceanic convection over the tropical western Pacific Ocean are investigated. The results show that the duration, precipitation and anvil amount of lifetime accumulation all have simple loglinear relationships with the cold-core-peak BT. The organization segments of the peak BT values less than 220 K are long-lived, with average durations of 4–16 h, whereas the organization segments of the warmer-peak BT values disappear rapidly within a few hours but with a high occurrence frequency. The decay process after the cold-core peak contributes to more precipitation and anvil clouds than the development process does. With the core peaking at a colder BT, the differences in the accumulated duration, precipitation and anvil production between the development and decay stages increase exponentially. Additionally, the occurrence frequency of mergers and splits also has a loglinear relationship with the cold-core-peak BT. For the life cycles of the same cold-core-peak BT, the lifetime-accumulated precipitation and anvil amount are strongly enhanced in complicated life cycles with the occurrence of mergers and splits, compared with those with no mergers or splits. For the total tropical convective cloud water budget, long-lived complicated life cycles make the largest contribution to precipitation, whereas long-lived complicated and short-lived simple life cycles make comparable contributions to the anvil cloud amount and are both important.
Dual-frequency (Ka-band and G-band) radar estimates of liquid water content profiles in shallow clouds
Authors: Socuellamos Juan M. , Rodriguez Monje Raquel , Lebsock Matthew D. , Cooper Ken B. , Kollias Pavlos
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The profile of the liquid water content (LWC) in clouds provides fundamental information for understanding the internal structure of clouds, their radiative effects, propensity to precipitate, and degree of entrainment and mixing with the surrounding environment. In principle, differential absorption techniques based on coincident dual-frequency radar reflectivity observations have the potential to provide the LWC profile. Previous differential frequency radar reflectivity (DFR) efforts were challenged by the fact that the measurable differential attenuation for small quantities of LWC is usually comparable to the system measurement error. This typically renders the retrieval impractical, as the uncertainty can become many times greater than the retrieved value itself. Theoretically, this drawback can be mitigated following two interconnected approaches: (1) increasing the frequency separation between the dual-frequency radar system to measure greater differential attenuation and (2) increasing the radar operating frequency to reduce the instrument measurement random error. Our recently developed 239 GHz radar was deployed during the Eastern Pacific Cloud Aerosol Precipitation Experiment (EPCAPE) along with a variety of collocated remote sensing and in situ instruments. We have combined Ka-band (35 GHz) and G-band (239 GHz) observations to retrieve the LWC from more than 100 vertical profiles of shallow clouds with typical amounts of LWC smaller than 1 g m−3. We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that the Ka-band and G-band pair of frequencies offers at least a 65 % relative improvement in the LWC retrieval sensitivity compared to previous works reported in the literature using lower-frequency radars. This new technique provides a missing capability to determine the LWC in the challenging low liquid water path (LWP) range (< 200 g m−2) and suggests a way forward to characterize microphysical and dynamical processes more precisely in shallow clouds.