bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kekuatan dan Permeabilitas Beton Abu Terbang Volume Tinggi
Authors: Salain I Made Alit Karyawan
Published: September 2021

Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil penelitian tentang properti dari beton abu terbang volume tinggi (ATVT) yang telah mengeras yang dibuat dengan mengganti sebagian semen Portland biasa (SPI) dengan abu terbang kelas C (ATC). Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk memeriksa perkembangan kekuatan dan permeabilitas beton ATVT terhadap waktu hidrasi. Tiga campuran beton ATVT, M1, M2, dan M3, dibuat dengan mengganti berturut-turut 40%, 50% dan 60% SPI dengan ATC, dalam perbandingan berat. Satu campuran kontrol, M0, dibuat dengan menggunakan 100% SPI. Proporsi campuran beton yaitu 1,0 perekat : 2,0 agregat halus : 3,0 agregat kasar dengan faktor air perekat sebesar 0,3. Pada setiap campuran ditambahkan 1,5% superplastisiser dari berat perekat. Uji yang dilaksanakan menyangkut kuat tekan, kuat tarik belah, dan permeabilitas pada umur 28, 56, dan 90 hari. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan, kuat tarik belah, dan impermeabilitas meningkat secara gradual dengan waktu hidrasi dan mampu mencapai yang dihasilkan oleh M0, terutama untuk campuran M1, setelah umur 90 hari. Mengacu pada hasil uji kuat tekan pada umur 28 hari, campuran beton ATVT tersebut dapat dipergunakan sebagai beton struktural.
Studi Sistem Penyediaan Air Baku di Kawasan Industri Park Kabupaten Morowali
Authors: Sutapa I Wayan , Ishak M. Galib
Published: September 2021

Abstrak
Dengan adanya kawasan industri di Kabupaten Morowali maka diperlukan penyediaan air untuk mendukung industri tersebut dan masyarakat sekitarnya. Studi ini bertujuan untuk membuat sistem penyediaan air baku dengan kajian hidrologi dan hidrolika sehingga air bisa mengalir dari intake dan sampai ke daerah layanan secara gravitasi. Metode yang digunakan meliputi pengumpulan seperti: data hidroklimatologi, peta DAS, peta topografi, dan kependudukan. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi: proyeksi jumlah penduduk dengan Metode Geometrik, kebutuhan air dari pedoman kriteria penyediaan air bersih, ketersediaan air dengan Metode FJ. Mock dan simulasi pipa dengan Epanet. Hasil dari studi ini berupa debit andalan 830 lt/dt (terkecil) dan 6607 lt/dt (terbesar), sedangkan kebutuhan airnya terbesar 57,51 lt/dt. Ini mengindikasikan air tercukupi sepanjang tahun. Hasil simulasi Epanet didapatkan pada WTP/(Reservoir) Makarti terdapat tinggi tekan 6,56 m; Reservoir rusunawa 9,0 m dan Reservoir Bete-Bete 5,29 m dari elevasi tanah masing-masing. Artinya air dapat mengalir secara gravitasi ke daerah layanan. Panjang dan diameter pipa yang digunakan adalah: dari intake-WTP: Ø400 mm, L = 2530 m; WTP-patok A49: Ø400 mm, L = 2765 m; patok A49-Rusunawa: Ø250 mm, L = 4805 m; patok A49-Bete-Bete: Ø150 mm, L = 2569 m; WTP-Makarti: Ø150 mm, L = 168 m.        
Kata kunci: Air baku, FJ. mock, epanet, neraca air.
Abstract
With the existence of an industrial area in Morowali Regency, it is necessary to provide water to support the industry and the surrounding community. This study aims to create a raw water supply system with hydrological and hydraulic studies so that water can flow from the intake and reach the service area by gravity. The methods used include data collection such as: hydro-climatological data, watershed maps, topographic maps, and population. The analysis includes: population projection using the Geometric Method, water needs from the guidelines for clean water supply criteria, water availability using the FJ Mock method and simulations with Epanet. The results of this study are the dependable discharge of 830 l/s (smallest) and 6607 l/s (largest), while the largest water requirement is 57.51 l/s. This indicates sufficient water throughout the year. Based on the epanet simulation results, it is obtained that at the WTP / Makarti Reservoir there is a pressure height of 6.56 m; Reservoir Rusunawa 9.0 m and Reservoir Bete-Bete 5.29 m from the ground elevation respectively. This means that water can flow gravity into the service area. The length and diameter of the pipe used are: from the intake-WTP: Ø400 mm, L = 2530 m; WTP- A49: Ø400 mm, L = 2765 m;  A49-Rusunawa: Ø250 mm, L = 4805 m; A49-Bete-Bete: Ø150 mm, L = 2569 m; WTP-Makarti: Ø150 mm, L = 168m.
Key words: Raw water, FJ. mock, epanet, water balance.
Kinerja Hotmix Daur Ulang AC-WC Pencampuran Di Unit Produksi Pencampur Aspal
Authors: Nowo Supra , Setiadji Bagus Hario , Wardani SPR
Published: September 2021

Produksi hotmix daur ulang sebagian bahanya menggunakan batu dan aspal daur ulang yang berasal dari Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP). Untuk menghasilkan campuran beraspal panas yang baik diperlukan suatu proses untuk memastikan hasil produksi dari AMP dapat sesuai dengan job mix formula. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja hotmix daur ulang AC-WC (AC-WCRAP) pada skala laboratorium dengan kinerja Marshall dan hasil pencampuran di unit produksi pencampur aspal. Kinerja Marshall dilakukan terhadap semua kriteria sesuai Spesifikasi Khusus Interim Campuran Beraspal Panas Daur Ulang Bina Marga 2019, sedangkan kinerja produksi di AMP dilihat dari konsistensinya terhadap parameter kinerja di laboratoriumnya. Dari pencampuran di laboratorium dan hasil uji produksi, semua parameter karakteristik Marshall  pada kadar aspal optimum untuk campuran beraspal panas daur ulang AC-WCRAP dengan proporsi  RAP mulai dari RAP 20%, RAP 30% dan RAP 40% dapat memenuhi persyaratan spesifikasi campuran beraspal panas daur ulang AC-WCRAP. Dari pencampuran di laboratorium dan hasil uji produksi AC-WCRAP dengan RAP 50%, terdapat parameter yang tidak memenuhi spesifikasi yaitu pada nilai Stabilitas Marshall Sisa Rendaman 24 jam. Dari 15 batch sampel uji produksi terdapat 3 batch sampel yang nilai stabilitas Marshall Sisa berada di bawah batas persyaratan spesifikasi yaitu pada batch ke-6 (89,72%), batch ke-9 (89,98%) dan batch ke-12 (89,77%). Hotmix daur ulang AC-WCRAP pada pencampuran di Unit Produksi Pencampur Aspal dengan porporsi RAP 20% sampai dengan RAP 40% dapat digunakan untuk lapis aus lapisan perkerasan jalan karena semua parameter karakteristik campurannya memenuhi persyaratan Spesifikasi Khusus Interim Campuran Beraspal Panas Daur Ulang Bina Marga 2019.Kata kunci: Hotmix Daur Ulang, Kinerja Marshall, Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Stabilitas Marshall Sisa
Developing a Supplemental Assessment Tool for Younger Residents in Long-Term Care
Authors: Hazelton-Provo Emma J. , Weeks Lori E.
Published: September 2021

Background

It has been established that the needs of long-term care resi­dents under 65 are distinct from those of older residents, and that these needs are not sufficiently met through the current model of LTC. Our goal was to create a supplemental assess­ment tool that can be used at the time of assessment to better represent the needs of this population.

Methods

Residents in the target age group (between 18 and 64), and staff who work with the target age group, were interviewed individually to identify important questions to be asked in the assessment tool. A preliminary tool was presented to the participants in a focus group, and feedback was used to make modifications to the tool.

Results

Questions developed from the study addressed several unique needs of this population, including the role of technology in their well-being, the need for time with visitors, and the need for supports as they transition in to LTC.

Conclusions

The needs of younger residents in LTC are unique, and through interviews with residents and staff we developed an assessment tool to better represent those needs at the time of admission.
Revising the ERDs for the 21st Century
Authors: Brehany John F. ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: September 2021

Since their inception in 1948, The Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services (ERDs) have guided Catholic health care ministries in the United States, aiding in the application of Catholic moral tradition to modern health care delivery. The ERDs have undergone two major revisions in that time, with about twenty years separating each revision. The first came in 1971 and the second came twenty-six years ago, in 1995. As such, a third major revision is due and will likely be undertaken soon.
La ecología en el De Genesi contra manicheos y el De Genesi ad litteram opus inperfectum de san Agustín
Authors: Eguiarte Enrique A. , Saavedra Mauricio ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: September 2021

The article deals with Augustine’s idea about Creation and Ecology in the first two commentaries that the Bishop of Hippo wrote, namely, De Genesi contra manicheos and De Genesi ad litteram opus inperfectum. The article stresses that in those Works, St. Augustine underlines that the triune God is the creator of all things. The article also stresses God’s omnipotence, the Creation ex/de nihilo, and also the ecological ideas that Augustine presents in those commentaries, such as the Philocalia as a path to discover the Beauty of God in his works; the Order of the Creation in which all creatures are necessary and are interconnected between them; the Creation as a House in which God as the paterfamilias takes care of all things; the human being as the one who has to take charge of Creation in the Name of God, and how all Creation is directed towards God.
Outcasts and Relational Egalitarianism
Authors: Lakhany Farhan ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

Most individuals desire a more egalitarian society but figuring out what that would mean and how to get there is unclear. Elizabeth Anderson’s relational egalitarianism is one approach to understanding what building a more egalitarian society would mean; this article will agree with her analysis but will highlight how, in attempting to achieve that goal, some serious issues arise. Specifically, Anderson mentions that a consequence of her view would be the elimination of “outcasts” as a status of social groups and how this leads to a tension between promoting social relationships as a primary good and respecting autonomy and privacy. This article will attempt to navigate this tension by providing a close analysis of how outcasts are created and clearly articulating how the elimination of such a group status creates the aforementioned tension. The upshot of the analysis is a sketch of a positive proposal that avoids the tension and makes progress toward the elimination of outcasts as a social group.
In Lockdown and Beyond: The UK’s National Shelf Service
Authors: Brumwell Alison
Published: September 2021

At the time of writing this, in fall 2020, England has just entered its second national lockdown of the past eight months. We are librarians with a commitment to working with young people and have been galvanized this year to find new ways of working with children, families, schools, communities, and each other to deliver our services.
Current computer-aided drug design methodologies in discovery of novel drug candidates for neuropsychiatric and inflammatory diseases
Authors: Radan Milica , Bošković Jelena , Dobričić Vladimir , Čudina Olivera , Nikolić Katarina
Published: September 2021

Drug discovery and development is a very challenging, expensive and time-consuming process. Impressive technological advances in computer sciences and molecular biology have made it possible to use computer-aided drug design (CADD) methods in various stages of the drug discovery and development pipeline. Nowadays, CADD presents an efficacious and indispensable tool, widely used in medicinal chemistry, to lead rational drug design and synthesis of novel compounds. In this article, an overview of commonly used CADD approaches from hit identification to lead optimization was presented. Moreover, different aspects of design of multitarget ligands for neuropsychiatric and anti-inflammatory diseases were summarized. Apparently, designing multi-target directed ligands for treatment of various complex diseases may offer better efficacy, and fewer side effects. Antipsychotics that act through aminergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), especially Dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, are the best option for treatment of various symptoms associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Furthermore, multi-target directed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitors are also a successful approach to aid the discovery of new anti-inflammatory drugs with fewer side effects. Overall, employing CADD approaches in the process of rational drug design provides a great opportunity for future development, allowing rapid identification of compounds with the optimal polypharmacological profile.
Concept and utility of population pharmacokinetic and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models in drug development and clinical practice
Authors: Roganović Maša , Homšek Ana , Jovanović Marija , Topić-Vučenović Valentina , Ćulafić Milica , Miljković Branislava , Vučićević Katarina
Published: September 2021

Due to frequent clinical trial failures and consequently fewer new drug approvals, the need for improvement in drug development has, to a certain extent, been met using model-based drug development. Pharmacometrics is a part of pharmacology that quantifies drug behaviour, treatment response and disease progression based on different models (pharmacokinetic - PK, pharmacodynamic - PD, PK/PD models, etc.) and simulations. Regulatory bodies (European Medicines Agency, Food and Drug Administration) encourage the use of modelling and simulations to facilitate decision-making throughout all drug development phases. Moreover, the identification of factors that contribute to variability provides a basis for dose individualisation in routine clinical practice. This review summarises current knowledge regarding the application of pharmacometrics in drug development and clinical practice with emphasis on the population modelling approach.
A rare case of melanoma of the rectum hemorrhoid nodule
Authors: Selaković Vladimir , Ranisavljević Milan , Vasiljević Tijana , Stoiljković Bratislav , Kukić Biljana
Published: September 2021

Anorectal melanoma (AM) is an aggressive and very rare malignancy. The aim of this case report is to present a case of anorectal melanoma that occured in hemorrhoidal node after a colorectal surgery. A patient aged 69 years was treated at the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina for histopathological (HP) verified melanoma of the anorectum (S100, HMB45 and Melan A positive) localized in the hemorrhoidal node. Wide local excision was made. Three months after the operation secondary deposits ocurred at the site of the colorectal anasthomosis, stomach, lung and brain. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of tumor DNA found no mutation in the BRAF V600 gene. Five months after the operation the patient is still alive and on supportive and symptomatic therapy. Despite its rarity, AM should always be considered in unusual anorectal lesions first at all in hemorrhoid nodules.
Functionalization of PLA aerogels with TiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Milovanović Stoja , Marković Darka , Nikolić Ivana
Published: September 2021

This study was aimed to prepare material with high porosity and photocatalytic activity by immobilization of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) onto poly(lactic acid) (PLA) aerogels. PLA aerogels were prepared in three steps: (1) dissolution of polymer in chloroform at 22 °C, (2) chloroform replacement with ethanol, and (3) supercritical CO2-drying at pressure 19 MPa and temperature 39 ºC. Immobilization of TiO2 NPs was performed by in situ and ex situ methods. Obtained samples were characterized using SEM, EDX, and FTIR analysis. Photocatalytic activity of developed material was tested by following decolorization of dye C.I. Acid Orange 7 in water solution. It was shown that the morphology of PLA aerogels was slightly affected by TiO2 NPs immobilization. PLA aerogels with TiO2 NPs immobilized by ex situ method sustained floatability during test period and provided a complete decolorization of dye solution after 330 minutes of illumination. High photocatalytic activity of the sample was preserved within three repeated cycles of dye decolorization.
Analysis of HDF curves for the formation of functional dependence in the wider area of the Republic of Srpska
Authors: Praštalo Petar , Milanović Anica
Published: September 2021

In hydrotechnical practice, there is a great need to use precipitation data in the wider area of the area where the research is being done. The lack of precipitation stations that can register shorter-duration rainfall, less than 24 hours, poses a huge problem for Engineers in practice. Based on this work, an analysis of existing precipitation data is used to create a functional dependence on the wider region based on the available data. Thus formed functional dependency facilitates the solving of a large number of hydrotechnical problems. This work shows the formation of a mathematical model based on MS.
Application of the Markov process to evaluate the reliability of a complex thermal power system
Authors: Milovanović Zdravko , Janičić-Milovanović Valentina , Branković Dejan
Published: September 2021

Determining the reliability of a thermal power plant as a whole or in its individual components often requires long and very expensive tests under special operating modes on a very large number of samples or gathering the required exploitation data, which is even more difficult because of the choice of a general mathematical method (different forms of curves which quantitatively define reliability with different failure density functions and the high dependence of such curves on changes in the operating modes of components and environmental conditions). The introduction of approximate calculations, in order to overcome these problems, gives an insight into the basic reliability characteristics of the observed system as a whole, but also insufficiently exact final parameters, due to a whole series of larger or smaller approximations, as well as the inability to take into account all existing influences (development of new technologies, specifics newly developed disorders, etc.). Calculating the reliability of a complex system is only the first initial phase of verifying quantitative characteristics, that is, the hypothesis itself that we have more or less confidence in. Their final acceptance or rejection is a verification of reliability through the control of certain quantitative system indicators for the given technical conditions of operation. For these reasons, alternative terms are often used to verify reliability in the literature, such as reliability control or hypothesis testing. Designing a reliability model, through the application of simulation methods, to select the best parameters for the functioning of components and systems as a whole, in technological terms, should be supported by appropriate experimental methods (using collected data and stored data from the past). This paper provides an analysis of the application of the Markov process to assess the reliability of a complex thermal power system, with the aim of scheduling appropriate decisions on maintenance actions based on the required level of reliability. The optimum timing of replacement / repair of parts of a complex thermal power system is defined before its failure or the need to act correctively. Also, these models serve to provide a level of reliability by carrying out adequate maintenance actions on complex units within the thermal power plant.
The influence of intellectual capital on supply chain management of the Military Technical Institute
Authors: Savić Aleksandar , Avakumović Jelena , Tasić Svetlana
Published: September 2021

The Military Technical Institute (MTI), as the largest military scientific-research institution in the Ministry of Defense, mostly realizes its supply chain from the budget of the Republic of Serbia, while a smaller part is realized from its own revenues. The ongoing effort to improve its performance within the supply chain, but also the relevant role of human resources in MTI to manage their supply chain integration initiatives, uses an intellectual capital framework to analyze human, organizational and social capital in supply chain integration. In particular, it is proposed that intellectual or capital drive the integration of supply chains into MTI. The aim of this paper is to prove that intellectual capital influences the integration of processes and activities in supply chains in MTI.
Decreasing of water absorptiveness of paper by coating nanofibrillated cellulose films
Authors: Milanović Jovana , Lazić Tijana , Živković Irena , Milošević Milena , Častvan-Janković Ivona , Kostić Mirjana
Published: September 2021

Nanofibrillated films based on TEMPO-oxidized cotton linters were applied to reduce the hydrophilic properties of paper. For this purpose, aqueous dispersions of nanofibrillated cellulose of different composition: 1 and 3% of nanofibrillated cellulose, up to 13% of CaCO3 and/or Al(OH)3, up to 20% of propane-1,2-diol (glycol), and up to 21% of TEMPO-oxidized cotton linters were coated on the model paper, without additional adhesive. The pristine model paper and papers coated with nanofibrillated cellulose-based composite films were characterized in terms of water absorptiveness by COBB method and water drop contact angle measurements. The surface appearance was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface chemistry by infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform and attenuated total reflection (ATR-FTIR). Additionally, optical properties, i.e. measurement of reflection curves and CIE degrees of whiteness, were determined according to appropriate standards. For all papers coated with nanofibrillated cellulose-based films, depending on the composition of the dispersions, a decrease in sorption properties was achieved, without changes in optical properties and surface morphology of the paper compared to the pristine paper.
Service management and guest satisfaction for the hotel industry in Abeokuta, Nigeria
Authors: Chigozie-Nwokorie Edwin
Published: September 2021

This study investigates the impact of service management on guest satisfaction in the hotel industry in five medium hotels in Abeokuta, Southwest Nigeria. A sample size of 154 was selected for the study, in which 102 usable responses were analyzed in inferential statistics for means and standard deviation. Pearson correlation, Analysis of Variance, and Ordinary List Squares were compared to measure relationships between variables through the formulated hypotheses for the study. Findings revealed a significant relationship between sufficient service management and guest satisfaction, while the relationship between guest goodwill and service management in the study area is not statistically significant. The study recommends the essentiality for the employer to provide adequate motivation to enhance workforce dedication to facilitate guest satisfaction.
Editorial. El análisis de las imágenes en la era de las fake news
Authors: Marzal Felici Javier , Casero-Ripollés Andreu
Published: September 2021

Editorial del número 22.
El debate electoral en televisión. Análisis del seguimiento y de los datos de audiencia entre los nuevos votantes
Authors: Alonso López Nadia , Terol Bolinches Raúl , Galán Cubillo Esteban
Published: September 2021

En la presente investigación, se centra el objeto de estudio en el comportamiento de las audiencias de los debates electorales, concretamente en el target comprendido entre los 13 y los 24 años, en el que se encuentran aquellos que ejercen por primera vez el derecho al voto. El objetivo es dilucidar el interés de los jóvenes en los debates electorales dentro del contexto mediático de cada momento. Para ello, se emplea una metodología que consiste en analizar los datos de audiencia de los debates electorales entre candidatos a la presidencia del Gobierno y su relación con el entorno mediático. Este enfoque permite identificar las conductas de los jóvenes hacia el formato del debate electoral televisado y apuntar algunas tendencias de futuro. Los resultados del estudio trascienden los objetivos iniciales porque se identifica que pese a que muchos de los jóvenes no consumen televisión lineal, para los debates prefieren este medio a las plataformas online o en streaming. Esta circunstancia, nos permite identificar algunas oportunidades que pueden aprovechar las cadenas generalistas que emiten en abierto y en un formato lineal, en la medida en que el directo y el consumo en simultaneidad y a través de una pantalla diferente a la tablet o el smartphone, estimulan la participación en redes sociales o servicios de mensajería instantánea.
La verdad de las imágenes
Authors: Català Domènech Josep M.
Published: September 2021

Artículo de la sección Tribuna.
El análisis de las imágenes en la era de las fake news
Authors: Rodríguez Ferrándiz Raúl , Sorolla-Romero Teresa
Published: September 2021

Artículo de introducción a la sección Informe.
La desconfianza
Authors: Balló Jordi , Pintor Iranzo Ivan
Published: September 2021

Artículo de la sección Tribuna.
Los formatos audiovisuales en la verificación de datos. Análisis de la actividad de los fact-checkers en YouTube (2009-2020)
Authors: Ramahí-García Diana , García-Crespo Oswaldo , Dafonte-Gómez Alberto
Published: September 2021

En un contexto caracterizado por la difusión de informaciones falsas y la pérdida de confianza en los medios, las iniciativas dedicadas a la verificación de datos, o fact-checkers, se han convertido en una herramienta esencial para revisar y comprobar informaciones y declaraciones públicas, y para certificar la veracidad de las cifras o datos expresados en ellas. Dado que, tras años de crecimiento exponencial, el vídeo ha acabado por ser el contenido en línea más consumido por los usuarios, y ha incrementado su relevancia como formato informativo, parece oportuno examinar la posición que ocupan los formatos audiovisuales en los procesos de verificación de datos. Esta investigación recurre así al análisis de contenido para estudiar la actividad en YouTube, primera plataforma de vídeo y segunda red social en número de usuarios activos mensuales y primera plataforma de vídeo y segunda red social más usada para consumo informativo, de una muestra internacional de 99 fact-checkers, durante la última década. Sus resultados constatan el incremento de la presencia de iniciativas de fact-checking en la plataforma y de la difusión de contenidos audiovisuales a través de ella, al tiempo que evidencian una gran disparidad en la gestión de las cuentas y su alcance, patrones que han de ser tenidos en consideración para garantizar que los contenidos verificados lleguen a grupos amplios de población y, ayudar, indirectamente, y al mismo tiempo, a la viabilidad económica de unas entidades consideradas fundamentales para la lucha contra la desinformación.
Cambio climático e imagen fotoperiodística: evolución de su representación gráfica en el diario El País
Authors: García Herrero Ismael , Vicente Torrico David
Published: September 2021

El distanciamiento físico y psicológico que experimentan las sociedades modernas respecto al cambio climático se traduce en la dependencia absoluta de su representación mediática para conocer el alcance y desarrollo de esta amenaza. Sin embargo, resulta difícilmente perceptible en el día a día y raras veces genera imágenes de interés para la audiencia, por lo que su acceso a las redacciones sigue siendo aún una tarea complicada. Nuestro estudio analiza la representación gráfica del cambio climático durante dos periodos no consecutivos en el diario generalista El País. Para ello, hemos seleccionado aquellas imágenes que han contribuido a ilustrar los textos informativos y divulgativos relacionados con esta amenaza entre abril de 2016 y marzo de 2017, en un lapso de tiempo marcado por una inusual actividad del fenómeno costero «El Niño», y durante el año 2019, en el que las movilizaciones estudiantiles han situado la emergencia climática en el centro de la agenda pública. A partir de una muestra compuesta por más de 350 fotografías, los resultados evidencian un cambio de tendencia en la representación gráfica del cambio climático, al presentar este problema desde un enfoque social, desplazando del punto de atención a expertos y representantes públicos y superando las limitaciones del imaginario colectivo tradicional, caracterizado por la presencia de animales en peligro y de territorios degradados. Estas claves narrativas se alinean con las recomendaciones del proyecto Covering Climate Now, una iniciativa de la que El País forma parte desde septiembre de 2019.
A teoria do esforço de Maine de Biran como contraposição à impossibilidade da cientificidade da psicologia em Kant
Authors: Oliveira André Renato
Published: September 2021

Este artigo propõe demonstrar uma contraproposta oriunda da filosofia de Maine de Biran à posição de Kant quanto à impossibilidade da cientificidade da psicologia. Para fundamentarmos essa tese, estabeleceremos uma interlocução com a filosofia de Maine de Biran, em especial sobre a sua ideia do “esforço, fato primitivo”, que nada mais é do que a apercepção interna imediata de si; um sentimento íntimo de nossa existência. Apresentaremos como é a partir da interpretação da possibilidade do existir, oriunda do cogito cartesiano, que Kant justifica o perigo da conversão do sujeito lógico e de seus predicados em substância (conforme é destacado por ele nos Paralogismos). Kant entende que Descartes substancializa o “eu penso”, que constitui e unifica todas as nossas representações. Todavia, demonstraremos neste trabalho, fundamentados pela filosofia de Maine de Biran, que o erro de Descartes foi o de equiparar o “eu” da consciência de si com à alma substância. Descartes não distingue o eu da alma, ou seja, o eu que pensa da alma como simples capacidade de pensar. Consequentemente, ao situar uma substância ao nível da experiência, Descartes acaba por promover uma confusão quanto às duas maneiras de existir: uma existência em si e outra existência para si, visto que elas não encerrariam o mesmo ser. Confirmada essa questão, mostraremos que o eu do esforço biraniano é capaz de propiciar a consciência de si para si. Realizada tal tarefa, corroboraremos que a posição tomada por Kant diante das formas do existir é o que lhe impossibilita captar a experiência interna do esforço em sua originalidade irredutível, substituindo o ato do eu, inseparável da afirmação de uma existência externa, pela substância pensante, e disso decorre a impossibilidade de o filosofo alemão pensar a psicologia como ciência da alma, diferindo-a das ciências naturais, fato que o coíbe de elaborar uma doutrina do sentido interno, algo que, demonstraremos aqui, Maine de Biran faz com excelência.
Realismo ingênuo e objetos da consciência alucinatórios são conciliáveis?
Authors: Borgoni Daniel
Published: September 2021

O realismo ingênuo é a concepção da percepção verídica segundo a qual a experiência perceptiva é fundamentalmente relacional. Objetos físicos e suas propriedades têm um papel constitutivo na experiência perceptiva e determinam seu caráter fenomênico. Segundo o argumento causal, porém, podemos produzir a mesma experiência que ocorre quando vemos um objeto físico sem o objeto físico. Em defesa do realismo ingênuo frente ao argumento causal, Johnston (2004) propõe a teoria do perfil sensível. Meus objetivos são mostrar que sua estratégia de defesa pode ser caracterizada como um disjuntivismo fenomênico e defender que a teoria do perfil sensível não garante a prioridade de objetos físicos sobre objetos da consciência alucinatórios na determinação fenomênica da experiência perceptiva verídica. Por isso, a teoria do perfil sensível não tem êxito na defesa do realismo ingênuo contra o argumento causal.
A “interdição do reconhecimento” em Frantz Fanon: a negação colonial, a dialética hegeliana e a apropriação calibanizada dos cânones ocidentais
Authors: Faustino Deivison
Published: September 2021

Neste artigo, discute-se as relações entre Frantz Fanon e a dialética hegeliana.  A Dialektik von Herr und Knecht é uma das chaves analíticas mais importantes de Phänomenologie des Geistes, publicado por G. W. F. Hegel em Jena, em 1807. No entanto, em seu Peau Noire, Masque Blancs, escrito aos 25 anos e publicado em 1952, Fanon argumenta que sob o jugo colonial a reciprocidade, característica basilar da dialética,  não se efetiva. A pergunta que se procura responder, no presente estudo, é: o argumento apresentado pelo autor representa uma ruptura, reafirmação ou transfiguração da dialética hegeliana? Diante desse desafio, são postos em diálogo alguns trechos de Phänomenologie, e de Peau Noire, Masques Blancs, bem como outros escritos posteriores de Fanon, para, em seguida, problematizar as proximidades, tensões e rupturas entre ambos. O argumento aqui apresentado girará em torno da defesa da existência de uma apropriação transfigurada (calibanizada) da dialética, por Fanon, a partir de três elementos interdependentes: 1. Fanon partilha do pressuposto hegeliano segundo o qual a identidade é produzida na relação recíproca com sua alteridade. 2. O estranhamento colonial interdita essa reciprocidade ao promover um decaimento da dominação política para o patamar de negação coisificadora e bestializada; 3. A negação colonial não é ontológica, mas histórico e, portanto, pode ser superada a partir de uma negação prático-sensível, levada a cabo pelos próprios colonizados.  Ao longo deste paper, discute-se-a, ainda, algumas implicações do argumento aqui defendido diante da literatura especializada no pensamento de ambos os autores.
X-rays produced by interaction of Xe20+ with different targets in Bragg peak energy region
Authors: Liang Chang-Hui , Zhang Xiao-An , Zhou Xian-Ming , Zhao Yong-Tao , Xiao Guo-Qing ,   Ion beam and Optical Physical Joint Laboratory of Xianyang Normal University and Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xianyang 712000, China,   Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China,   School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Published: September 2021

The inner shell process produced by the collision of highly charged ion with medium atoms near the Bragg peak is an important frontier area of atomic physics under extreme conditions such as celestial plasmas and controlled nuclear fusion plasmas. Because of the special complexity of the inner shell process produced by the collision of ions with atoms in the Bragg peak energy region and the relevant experimental research is less, limited by the experimental conditions, there remain some interesting and unanswered questions.

We report the experimental data of X-ray spectra produced by the impact of Xe20+ with 6.0 MeV kinetic energy on V, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn surface in the National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou, China. The generation mechanism of X-ray with energy of 1.60 keV is analyzed. The results show that when Xe20+ without initial holes interacts with different targets, the Mα X-ray of Xe is not observed, but X-ray with energy twice as great as that of Xe Mα X-ray is observed in the experiment, which is called Xe Mαα X-ray and considered to be generated by the two-electron-one-photon process of Xe on the upper surface of the target. The existence time of the first-generation hollow atoms on the upper surface is calculated by using the classical over-barrier model when Xe20+ interacts with different targets, which is consistent with the variation of Mαα X-ray yield with the atomic number of target, therefore it is further proved that Mαα X-ray is formed by the two-electron one-photon process of Xe on the upper surface of the target. Of course, this conclusion needs further analyzing and verifying with more experimental data.
Ankle Proprioception in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Maras Ozkan , Dulgeroglu Deniz , Cakci Aytul
Published: September 2021

Background

Ankle position sense may be reduced before the appearance of the clinical manifestation of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. This is known to impair gait and cause falls and foot ulcers. Early detection of impaired ankle proprioception is important because it allows physicians to prescribe an exercise program to patients to prevent foot complications.

Methods

Forty-six patients diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes mellitus and 22 control patients were included in the study. Presence of neuropathy was assessed using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI). Level of foot care awareness was determined using the Nottingham Assessment of Functional Footcare (NAFF). Joint position sense was measured using a dynamometer.

Results

Mean absolute angular error (MAAE) values were significantly higher in the neuropathy group compared with the control group (P < .05). Right plantarflexion MAAE values were significantly lower in the group without neuropathy compared with the group with neuropathy (P < .05). No correlation was found between MAAE values (indicating joint position sense) and age, educational level, disease duration, glycemic control, NAFF score, and MNSI history and examination scores in the groups with and without neuropathy (P > .05). Educational level and disease duration were found to be correlated with NAFF scores.

Conclusions

Increased MNSI history scores and increased deficits in ankle proprioception demonstrate that diabetic foot complications associated with reduced joint position sense may be seen at an increased rate in symptomatic patients.
Analysis of Capture Fisheries Development Trends in Indonesia
Authors: Perdiansyah . , Suryana Asep Agus Handaka , Rizal Achmad , Nurhayati Atikah
Published: September 2021

Indonesia's fishing capture industry has very great potential in order to become the national economy's key driver. Change in population, pricing, technology, and productivity are the key indicators of trend. The objective of this study is to assess the evolution of Indonesian fisheries. This study was carried out at the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries from August 2020 to July 2021. According to this study, 34 provinces in Indonesia were surveyed using a literature review method. Primary data in the form of expert opinion (expert judgment) consisting of 10 capable respondents. Secondary data was adopted from statistical data of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Center from 2005-2018. Data analysis was performed by using descriptive quantitative analysis techniques. The development of capture fisheries competitiveness in Indonesia has experienced fluctuating changes and tends to increase during 2006 to 2018.
Existence, Nonexistence and Multiplicity Results for Positive Radial Solutions of n−dimensional Elliptic System
Authors: Shen Yalin
Published: September 2021

Aims/ Objectives: In this paper, we study the existence, nonexistence and multiplicity of positive solutions to the n−dimensional elliptic system 

systems have been widely studied, but there is relatively little research on n-dimensional elliptic systems. We are very interested in this subject and want to study it. We give new conclusions on the existence, nonexistence and multiplicity of positive solutions for the n-dimensional elliptic system.

Study Design: Study on the existence, nonexistence and multiplicity of positive solutions. Place and Duration of Study: School of Applied Science, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, September 2019 to present. Methodology: We prove the existence, nonexistence and multiplicity of positive solutions by the results of fixed point index. Results: We give new conclusions of existence, nonexistence and multiplicity of positive solutionsfor the system. Conclusion: We prove the existence, nonexistence and multiplicity of positive solutions to the n-dimensional elliptic system

  and give new conclusions.
Tethering Cells via Enzymatic Oxidative Crosslinking Enables Mechanotransduction in Non‐Cell‐Adhesive Materials
Authors: Kamperman Tom , Henke Sieger , Crispim João F. , Willemen Niels G. A. , Dijkstra Pieter J. , Lee Wooje , Offerhaus Herman L. , Neubauer Martin , Smink Alexandra M. , de Vos Paul , de Haan Bart J. , Karperien Marcel , Shin Su Ryon , Leijten Jeroen
Published: September 2021

Cell–matrix interactions govern cell behavior and tissue function by facilitating transduction of biomechanical cues. Engineered tissues often incorporate these interactions by employing cell‐adhesive materials. However, using constitutively active cell‐adhesive materials impedes control over cell fate and elicits inflammatory responses upon implantation. Here, an alternative cell–material interaction strategy that provides mechanotransducive properties via discrete inducible on‐cell crosslinking (DOCKING) of materials, including those that are inherently non‐cell‐adhesive, is introduced. Specifically, tyramine‐functionalized materials are tethered to tyrosines that are naturally present in extracellular protein domains via enzyme‐mediated oxidative crosslinking. Temporal control over the stiffness of on‐cell tethered 3D microniches reveals that DOCKING uniquely enables lineage programming of stem cells by targeting adhesome‐related mechanotransduction pathways acting independently of cell volume changes and spreading. In short, DOCKING represents a bioinspired and cytocompatible cell‐tethering strategy that offers new routes to study and engineer cell–material interactions, thereby advancing applications ranging from drug delivery, to cell‐based therapy, and cultured meat.
Room Temperature Ferromagnetism of Monolayer Chromium Telluride with Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy
Authors: Chua Rebekah , Zhou Jun , Yu Xiaojiang , Yu Wei , Gou Jian , Zhu Rui , Zhang Lei , Liu Meizhuang , Breese Mark B. H. , Chen Wei , Loh Kian Ping , Feng Yuan Ping , Yang Ming , Huang Yu Li , Wee Andrew T. S.
Published: September 2021

The realization of long‐range magnetic ordering in 2D systems can potentially revolutionize next‐generation information technology. Here, the successful fabrication of crystalline Cr3Te4monolayers with room temperature (RT) ferromagnetism is reported. Using molecular beam epitaxy, the growth of 2D Cr3Te4films with monolayer thickness is demonstrated at low substrate temperatures (≈100 °C), compatible with Si complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology. X‐ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements reveal a Curie temperature (Tc) of v344 K for the Cr3Te4monolayer with an out‐of‐plane magnetic easy axis, which decreases to v240 K for the thicker film (≈7 nm) with an in‐plane easy axis. The enhancement of ferromagnetic coupling and the magnetic anisotropy transition is ascribed to interfacial effects, in particular the orbital overlap at the monolayer Cr3Te4/graphite interface, supported by density‐functional theory calculations. This work sheds light on the low‐temperature scalable growth of 2D nonlayered materials with RT ferromagnetism for new magnetic and spintronic devices.
Ultrathin High Quality‐Factor Planar Absorbers/Emitters Based on Uniaxial/Biaxial Anisotropic van der Waals Polar Crystals
Authors: Zhu Huanzheng , Xu Ziquan , Cai Lu , Wang Han , Luo Hao , Pattanayak Arnab , Ghosh Pintu , Qiu Min , Li Qiang
Published: September 2021

Tailoring the absorption/emission through nanostructures from broadband to narrowband has attracted increasing attention due to the merits of high efficiency and compactness. However, most of the reported narrowband emitters require either complex fabrication process or thick coating of the suitable materials (~mm). In this paper, by exciting Berreman mode through a combination of Au mirrors and ultra‐thin layers of low‐loss uniaxial/biaxial anisotropic 2D van der Waals polar crystal hBN/α‐MoO3, a narrowband absorption/emission peak is realized in the mid‐infrared region. The measured quality‐factor of Berreman mode for hBN/Au and α‐MoO3/Au structure can reach up to 134 and 164, respectively. The deep subwavelength thickness (~nm) and bilayer architecture simplify the fabrication process. Furthermore, taking advantage of the in‐plane birefringence originating from α‐MoO3, the polarization of the absorbed/emitted radiation can be controlled through this planar configuration. Such ultrathin narrowband absorbers/emitters provide new opportunities for the advancements in thermal sources, infrared sensors, and thermophotovoltaic power generation systems.
Microregion Welding Strategy Prevents the Formation of Inactive Sulfur Species for High‐Performance Li–S Battery
Authors: Qi Congyu , Li Zheng , Wang Gan , Yuan Huihui , Chen Chunhua , Jin Jun , Wen Zhaoyin
Published: September 2021

An in‐depth understanding of Li–S battery failure mechanisms is of significance for providing design guidance of promoting this class of batteries’ electrochemical performance. During discharge, deposition of solid sulfur species on substrates is observed, leading to large contact resistance and sluggish redox kinetics. Then, the cumulative effect leads to the formation of isolated inactive sulfur species on low‐dimensional substrates (0D, 1D, and 2D), which has been confirmed to be a performance‐determining factor for Li–S batteries through in situ technologies and revolution of electrochemical performance. In this regard, a microregion welding strategy to resist the formation of inactive sulfur species is proposed, which greatly promotes the electrochemical performance Li–S batteries. The battery shows high discharge capacity of 7.8 mAh cm‐2 and good cycling stability. An Ah‐level pouch cell with lean electrolyte (E/S ≈ 2.5 µL mg–1) and 20% excess lithium (anode/cathode ≈ 1.2) also shows low overpotential and high discharge specific capacity.
Who buys crop insurance? Predictors of the participation gap between organic and conventional farms
Authors: Belasco Eric J. , Fuller Kate Binzen
Published: September 2021

This study examines the participation gap in crop insurance between organic and conventional producers. To solicit input from producers of organic and diversified crop production systems, we developed a national survey through the Organic Agriculture Research and Education Initiative (OREI) that resulted in over 1,000 valid responses, as well as data from the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS). Results suggest a high degree of correlation between crop insurance participation with respect to the degree of commercialization of a farm. Additionally, small and diversified operations report that the complexity and record keeping associated with crop insurance is often not worthwhile. This paper concludes with a discussion regarding future risk management education programs and how they can be better targeted by combining the use of crop insurance in conjunction with improved record keeping and a better understanding of loan requirements and documentation.
Advances in Energy‐Efficient Plasmonic Electrochromic Smart Windows Based on Metal Oxide Nanocrystals
Authors: Wang Ke , Meng Qiancheng , Wang Qingke , Zhang Wu , Guo Juquan , Cao Sheng , Elezzabi Abdulhakem Y. , Yu William W. , Liu Linhua , Li Haizeng
Published: September 2021

Energy consumption of buildings during heating and cooling accounts for about 15% of global total energy consumption. Advanced dynamic switchable windows that enable independent control of solar heat will contribute to optimal energy efficiency in heating, cooling, and artificial lighting systems throughout buildings. Recently, energy‐efficient plasmonic electrochromic smart windows (PESWs) based on metal oxide nanocrystals (NCs) have been gaining increasing attention due to their effective and controllable regulation over the near‐infrared region of the solar spectrum without affecting the dynamic visible transmittance of the smart windows. Herein, the current state‐of‐the‐art results of colloidal metal oxide NCs for PESWs are highlighted, along with their design strategies and working principles. The recent research status of PESWs in typical colloidal metal oxide NCs is reviewed in detail, and the challenges and corresponding countermeasures in this field are discussed. Furthermore, an outlook into novel opportunities in PESW‐related academic research and how to accelerate the pace of real‐world applications is presented.