bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
JOINING THE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM OF SOIL RESOURCES (SIGSTAR-200) WITH SOIL PROFILES INFORMATION FROM THE NATIONAL NETWORK FOR SOIL QUALITY MONITORING 8 KM X 8 KM
Authors: CALCIU Irina , MANEA Alexandrina , MOCANU Victoria , VIZITIU Olga , DUMITRU Sorina
Published: July 2023

The rational and efficient management of land resources, in the frame of a sustainable agriculture and environment protection, have to be based on the operational, and at the same time, more detailed and accurate knowledge of soil resources. This knowledge is based on soil information obtained by carrying out soil surveys and field research, and by laboratory measurements of main soil physical and chemical parameters. Thus, the basic soil information, consisting primarily of data on soil profiles representative of the study areas is obtained. The objective of this paper is to develop several applications for coupling georeferenced data from Geographic Information System of Soil Resources SIGSTAR-200 with the information of soil profiles from the Soil Quality Monitoring Network 8 km x 8 km. The spatial distribution of existing soil profiles, as well as the distribution of soil types have been studied, and their representativeness is determined. IT applications have been developed to highlight the number of profiles consistent with the polygons containing them, or with the neighbouring polygons. The soil areas that are described by a profile from the soil profiles database (having a profile which is located inside the polygon) are also established.
Effect of Grafting Nano-TiO2 on Sansevieria cylindrica Fiber Properties
Authors: Wiguna Chrisrulita Sekaradi , Suryanto Heru , Aminnudin Aminnudin , Binoj Joseph Selvi , Ali Alamry
Published: July 2023

Natural fibers, which are abundant, environmentally friendly, and biodegradable, are used as a replacement for synthetic fibers. The composite strength can be increased by treating the surfaces of natural fibers with suitable chemicals, which can also improve the interface interaction between fiber and matrix. Application of a coupling agent in chemical treatment is utilized to reinforce the bonding between fiber and matrix. The objective of the study is to determine the influence of silane concentration on the Sansevieria cylindrica fiber properties. The methods included fibers treatment using ethanol and coupling agent as dissolving and TiO2 with concentrations of 0 percent, 0.25 percent, 0.5 percent, 0.75 percent, and 1 percent. The mechanical strength testing was conducted through a single fiber test. Fiber morphology was observed using an electron microscope. FTIR analyzes the change in fiber chemical composition caused by TiO2 addition. As a result, the morphology of S. cylindrica fibers became rougher and showed a rougher surface after a silane concentration of 1 percent, but with the proper concentration, some fiber surfaces provided a good interface. Ti-O bonds are formed at a wavelength of 475 cm-1. The shift in a peak at 400–500 cm-1 indicates Ti-O-Ti group stretching vibrations believed to have originated from TiO2 particles. The mechanical strength increases as the concentration of TiO2 increases, with the highest fiber strength of 284.66 MPa observed at a TiO2 concentration of 1 percent. This represents a 26 percent higher tensile strength compared to the control specimen.
Influence of COVID in Digitizing and Collective Endeavor in Indonesia
Authors: Rimbawati Putri
Published: July 2023

Digitalization of the education system in Indonesia became an important topic in the country’s ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology during the period of COVID as all the schools in the country were closed indefinitely. Online classrooms were adopted nationally to ensure that learning persisted despite the shutdown, with teachers and students communicating digitally on instruction, assessment, reporting, and conversations. After the pandemic, the country has not dropped the technology but rather, has taken several steps towards completely digitizing the education system. A literature review was conducted in this paper to understand how COVID pandemic has been instrumental in bringing digital transformations in Indonesia’s education system. It was found that the country has carried forward, as well as introducing further actions in the efforts to digitize the country’s education system. Intriguingly, Indonesia highlights some of the ways that covid-19 has revitalized the tradition of gotong royong (mutual cooperation) within the current setting, in addition to the influence of digitalization on life. Gotong royong is a technique that is frequently employed to raise public awareness of the harm that results from breaking through social barriers, even in the name of getting back together with families to observe a religious holiday. The idea has given rise to a new view of collectivism that does not require physical proximity for us to keep each other safe in this situation.
Why use a biobank? Sharing mutations, gene editing and navigating the COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Allen Sue , Summerfield Rachel , Fray Martin
Published: July 2023

Cryopreservation is seen as a key aspect of good colony management, which supports the drive towards improvements in animal care and the implementation of the 3Rs. However, following the advent of gene editing technologies, the generation of new rat and mouse models is quicker and cheaper than ever before. This has led some to question the future value of biobanks around the world. In the following commentary we argue that the need to cryopreserve rat and mouse strains and distribute them from well-funded repositories is as strong as it has ever been. Repositories should not be considered as simply collections of redundant model organisms. Biobanks have a vital role to play in good experimental design. They distribute identical, quality controlled mutant strains to the community and eliminate the need to recreate mice. Archived material provides a check point in the development of new strains of rodents that minimises genetic drift and breeding failures. Cryopreservation also makes resource sharing easier and cheaper, and improves animal care by eliminating the need for live animal shipments. Furthermore, routine cryopreservation of valuable strains protects them from unforeseen events, such as the SARS and COVID-19 pandemics, which were accompanied by the very real prospect of immediate lab closures and/or severe disruption to courier services, rendering live animal shipments non-viable.
The The Prevalence and Pattern of Cardiac Disease Amongst the Pediatric Age Group in Liberia: A Five-Year Retrospective Cohort Study at the John F. Kennedy Medical Center
Authors: Hart Jonathan , Subah Onyekachi , Eka-Tally Eguono , Ballah Nyamah , Sannoh Varbah , Rogers Siafa , Kanneh Foday , Tally Seth , Flomo Kemeh , Lamin Sarah , Nippy-Chea Lucynthia , Kumeh Osiah , Ojukwu Jeneba , Subah Seanan
Published: July 2023

Background: Cardiac disease is a huge public health problem for developing countries. Access to healthcare and diagnostic technologies are known to impact the reported prevalence of heart diseases globally. Objective: The objective of the research is to determine the number and patten of heart diseases amongst the pediatric age group in Liberia and set a platform for investment in cardiac surgery. Methods: We conducted a five-year retrospective study at the John F. Kennedy Medical Center to determine the prevalence of cardiac disease in Liberia. A total of 175 patients were enrolled. Data were analyzed using Excel 2019, Epi Info version 3.5.3 and SPSS V.27 Results: The prevalence of cardiac disease was 7.6 per 1000 live birth. Male to female ratio was 1:1.5. 40.5% of children were diagnosed during toddler and early adolescent while 56.6% were diagnosed during infancy and 2.9% during the neonatal period. Commonest pathologies were ventricular septal defect, acquired heart disease, patent ductus arteriosus and tetralogy of fallot. Diagnosis was made mainly by history and physical evaluation. Easily fatiguability, dyspnea and murmur were the commonest sign/symptoms. Down syndrome was the most common associated anomalies. 87.4% of children had no surgical treatment and the status of 72.6% were unknown. Conclusion: Pediatric cardiac diseases is one of the neglected non-communicable clinical diseases in Liberia with a prevalence of 7.6 per 1000 live birth. An estimated 41,600 children are living with cardiac disease in Liberia with over 87% not having any chance of receiving surgical treatment while a very few are being flown out of the country for treatment. More than 77% of the parents of these children are discouraged from bringing their kids for follow ups as they have grown exhausted from repeated hospital visits without any solution. Also, diagnosis of these conditions is a challenge for doctors in Liberia as many of them have not been trained to make early diagnosis and major diagnosis tools are relatively absent as there is only one cardiothoracic surgeon and one cardiology in the country. Ventricular septal defect, acquired heart disease, patent ductus arteriosus and tetralogy of fallot were among the commonest presenting pediatric cardiac disease.
Pancreaticoduodenectomies in a Low Volume, Small Island Eastern Caribbean State: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cawich Shamir , Padmore Greg , Griffith Sahle , LaCorbiniere Karisha , Patel Reena
Published: July 2023

Background: Although pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is safe when performed in high-volume hospitals, many patients in low-income countries cannot access these hospitals. Barbados is a small island that does not have a high-volume pancreatic center. We sought to document peri-operative outcomes when PD was performed in Barbados. Methods: We carried out a retrospective cohort study of all consecutive patients who underwent PDs over from August 1, 2016 to October 30, 2022. Therapeutic outcomes, post-operative morbidity and mortality were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS ver 16.0. Results: Six patients at a mean age of 54.8 years underwent PD (mean annual case volume of 1). Two patients underwent planned vein resections and reconstruction. In this subset, the mean operating time was 325 minutes (Range 300-250; Median 325; SD ±35.4), mean estimated blood loss was 825mls (Range 750-900; Median 825; SD±106.1), and the mean transfusion requirement was 1 unit of packed cells (Range 0-2; Median 1; SD±1.41). In the four patients without vein resection, mean operating time was 308 minutes (Range 280-350; Median 300; SD±24.01), median blood loss was 575 ml (Range 150-900; Median 700; SD±320.6) and mean transfusion requirements were 0.5 units of packed cells (Range 0-2; Median 0; SD ±0.84). The mean ICU stay was 2.17 days (Range 1-3; Median 2.5; SD±0.98), and the mean duration of hospitalization was 9.3 days (Range 7-11; Median 9.5; SD±1.37). There were no recorded peri-operative deaths, but there was 1 (17%) minor complication (delayed gastric emptying) and 1 (17%) major complication (myocardial infarction). Conclusion: In Barbados, there are good peri-operative outcomes after PD despite the low volume and challenging healthcare environment. We believe that (1) surgeon experience (2) continuous adaptive hospital learning and (3) regular audit of hospital data are better indicators of PD quality than volume data alone.
Corpus Callosum Hematoma Revealing Imported Neuromalarial Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Khahouri I El , S Tougar , O Maghrabi , W Mashrouh , M Mabchour , B Charra
Published: July 2023

Cerebral malaria, one of the most serious complications of Plasmodium falciparum infection, is characterized by the sequestration of parasitized red blood cells (HP) within deep cerebral microvessels. Herein, we report the case of a 30-year-old man with no particular medical history, with the notion of stay in an endemic area [Ivory Coast] for 3 months. , who was admitted to our medical intensive care unit for status epilepticus. Upon admission the patient was immediately intubated due to persistent seizures. He was febrile at 39°C. Lumbar puncture was performed and was sterile. A cerebral CT showed a slight cerebral edema with exaggerated hyper density of the cerebral tent. A cerebral MRI showed a hypersignal of selenium from the corpus callosum, corresponding to a hematoma of the corpus callosum which subsequently revealed an imported neuroma aria. A thick blood smear was then performed, showing the presence of plasmodium falciparum trophozoites, following which the patient was put on Artesunate. The evolution was favorable,and the patient was extubated without neurological complications .We also point out the challenges this diagnosis may pose, especially in a non-endemic country such as Morocco.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on treatment approaches of multiple myeloma
Authors: Theprungsirikul Poy , Neparidze Natalia
Published: July 2023

Cancer has been recognized as one of the major comorbidities associated with severe outcomes in the novel coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients. Compared to those with solid tumors and those without cancer, patients with hematologic malignancies appear to have more severe clinical outcomes and higher rate of mortality from COVID-19. This was particularly demonstrated during the early pandemic period. The COVID-19 pandemic has posed additional challenges in the management of hematologic malignancies, including establishing prompt diagnoses, providing optimal treatment while minimizing the risk and sequela of COVID-19 infection. Given these challenges, clinical practice guidelines and recommendations on management of hematologic malignancies during the COVID-19 pandemic were developed and proposed based on expert panels and individual expert opinions. Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematologic malignancy. The management of patients with multiple myeloma during the COVID-19 pandemic is extremely challenging as patients with multiple myeloma are particularly vulnerable to infections due to underlying humoral and cellular immune dysfunction, cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, cellular therapy and steroid regimens, advanced age, and the presence of other comorbidities. In this paper, we attempt to provide a general review of clinical practice management patterns during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with multiple myeloma and demonstrate how changes evolved as more knowledge was gained over time. Specifically, we review the impact of the pandemic on treatment approaches, supportive care, and vaccinations for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, patients with stable disease, and those with precursor states like monoclonal gammopathy and smoldering multiple myeloma. During early pandemic several changes were noted in myeloma care including minor delay in time to treatment initiation and tendency to defer autologous stem cell transplant. However, after 2022, with the advent of effective vaccines and treatment strategies the severity of COVID-19 infection decreased and care of myeloma returned to usual management, incorporating transplant, CART and multiple novel immune therapy approaches. Finally, we highlight the importance of meticulous vaccination schedule for patients with myeloma for all common viral, bacterial pathogens and vaccination against COVID-19.
Comorbidities of COPD: Mechanisms and Treatment. Update 2023
Authors: Stratev Velin , Fjeldstad Odd-Magne
Published: July 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is chronic disease that affects mostly the lungs but there is growing evidence that it is also a systemic condition associated with a number of accompanying diseases known as comorbidities. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are the highlight pathogenic processes that interrelate COPD and comorbidities with additional disease specific risk factors and mechanisms. Through complex interactions COPD increases the risk for certain comorbidities and they in turn have negative impact on health status and contribute to mortality in COPD patients. Treatment of comorbidities in terms of coexistence with COPD may require more specific personalized therapeutic approach. Here we review the pathogenic mechanisms which define COPD as a systemic disease; the most common comorbidities of COPD: cardiovascular disease, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, cachexia, osteoporosis, depression/anxiety and obstructive sleep apnea; the pathways which connect these diseases with COPD and the latest treatment approaches.
Impact of Obstetric Nutritional Risk on Perinatal Morbidity: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Anaya-Prado Roberto
Published: July 2023

Objective. Malnutrition is among the most relevant problems in pregnant women, which affects nutritional status of the fetus and newborn outcome. The impact of obstetric nutritional risk (ONR) on neonatal morbidity has not been investigated. The purpose of this work was to identify a possible association between ONR, on high-risk pregnancy (HRP) patients and perinatal morbidity. Methods. This Case Control study included 118 neonates of HRP patients who were either (Cases, n =66) or not (Controls, n =52) with ONR. Groups were then compared to identify associated Neonatal Morbidity. Study variables included: neonatal morbidity, one and five-minute APGAR scores, birth weight, gestation weeks, preterm births, newborn gender and neonatal complications. Results. Morbidity and preterm births were identified in 40 (60.6%) and 11 (21.1%) neonates (p <0.001); and 40 (60.6%) and 14 (26.9%) neonates (p <0.001), for cases and controls, respectively. Average one-minute and five-minute APGAR scores was 6 ± 1 and 8 ± 1 (p <0.05); and 8 ± 1 and 9 ± 1 (p >0.05) for cases and controls, respectively. Average birth weight and gestation weeks was 2,272.5 and 2,548.5 grams (p <0.05); and 34 ± 3.7 and 37 ± 3 weeks (p <0.05) for cases and controls, respectively. There were 34 (51.51%) and 24 (46.15%) female neonates (p < 0.05); and 32 (48.48%) and 28 (53.85%) male neonates (p >0.05) for cases and control, respectively. Conclusion. Morbidity was significantly higher in neonates of HRP patients with ONR. Therefore, Obstetric Nutritional Risk had a negative impact on perinatal morbidity and newborn outcome.
Back Matter
Authors: Widodo
Published: July 2023

Acknowledgment to Reviewers
Analysis of The Effect of Work Environment and Knowledge Sharing on Employee Performance in Innovative Behavior Mediation
Authors: Suryanto Suryanto , Hadi Syamsul , Subiyanto Didik
Published: July 2023

Purpose - This study aims to analyze the effect of the work environment and Knowledge sharing on employee performance by mediating innovative behavior.Design/methodology/approach - The sampling method used was the census method. The research subjects were the Settlement Infrastructure Agency for DI Yogyakarta Region employees, while data retrieval employed a questionnaire for 146 respondents. However, questionnaires only processed data for 100 respondents. Data analysis used Partial Least Square (PLS) inferential, variance-based SEM with SmartPLS Version 3.0 software.Findings - The results showed that the work environment and knowledge sharing had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, the work environment had no effect on innovative behavior or was not proven, knowledge sharing had a positive and significant effect on innovative behavior, innovative behavior had a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The mediation results showed that innovative behavior could partially mediate the influence of the work environment and Knowledge sharing on employee performance. The role of innovative behavior in mediating the work environment and Knowledge sharing had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, so, in this study, innovative behavior could mediate the work environment and Knowledge sharing on employee performance.Research limitations/implications – Respondents who returned the questionnaires to the researchers were not 100% of the total sample population, so the analysis results were not the same as the hypothesis.Originality/value - The novelty of this research is to examine the role of mediating innovative behavior in the influence of KS and the work environment on employee performance in public service employees who have different characteristics when compared to employees of non-public organizations.
Transforming public health dentistry: Exploring the digital foothold for improved oral healthcare
Authors: Srivastava Rangoli , Tangade Pradeep , Priyadarshi Surbhi
Published: July 2023

Digital technologies have revolutionized the field of dentistry, offering numerous advantages in diagnosis, treatment planning, education, and patient care. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of digital technologies in dentistry, highlighting their applications, benefits, and future prospects. Technologies allow for precise 3D imaging of dental structures, facilitating virtual treatment planning and guiding the placement of dental implants. Additionally, digital imaging techniques enable the creation of highly accurate digital impressions, eliminating the need for traditional impression materials and improving patient comfort. The review article concludes with a discussion on the challenges and future prospects of digital technologies in dentistry. While digital technologies offer numerous benefits, including improved accuracy, efficiency, and patient outcomes, there are considerations regarding cost, training, and data security that need to be addressed. Nevertheless, with ongoing advancements in digital technologies, the future of dentistry holds immense potential for further innovation and improved patient care.
Improvised designing of dental care service centres can prevent Nosocomial infections
Authors: Zaidi Ilham , Aziz Arafat , Chaudhary Shikhar , Anjum Sahifa , Neha Tabish , Aziz Iram
Published: July 2023

Infection control and prevention are critical aspects of healthcare, especially in hospitals where patients are vulnerable to acquiring infections during their stay. Hospital-acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, have become a major concern in recent years and got more attention after widespread of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. In terms of a dental healthcare facility, it is important to understand the types of infections present in the facility environment and the associated risks with them along with their cross-transmission risk. A dental hospital has different working zones which are interdependent which increases the chances of infection propagation. To avoid the propagation of these infections, standard protocols, and preventive measures have been discussed widely but one of the most important factors which is the designing and planning of the healthcare facilities has not been discussed much from the aspect of propagation of infections which could largely decrease the propagation of the infections from different areas within the facility and infecting a different group of peoples in it. The prime focus of the study was on reviewing infectious pathogens related to nosocomial infections, pathogenicity, the risks associated, and ways to reduce the propagation through the implementation of architectural planning movement flow and designing of a dental hospital.
Laser-assisted excision of peripheral ossifying fibroma- A case report
Authors: Garg Ankita , Singh Shivani , Sharma Satendra , Mohan Vinay
Published: July 2023

Localized gingival growths are one of the maximum regularly encountered lesions within the oral cavity, which are taken into consideration to be reactive as opposed to neoplastic. Those lesions encompass pyogenic granuloma, inflammation fibroma, peripheral large cellular granuloma, and peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF). Among those lesions, the Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma (POF) is an occasionally happening non-neoplastic gingival growth with regions of calcification or ossification. That is a case presentation of a 31-year-old woman with gingival overgrowth within the maxillary left molar area. Clinically, the lesion was asymptomatic, firm, pale pinkish, and pedunculated. Surgical excision of the lesion using LASER was carried out followed by histopathologic confirmation with emphasis on the clinical factor.
Navigating pharmaceutical product decisions: A comprehensive review
Authors: Naseef PP  , Bazil Mohammed Ridhan , Irshad Ibrahim N  , Rahman Muhsinu , Ali Munavar , Kottangodan Mohammed Nihal , Praseen G P
Published: July 2023

Product management in the pharmaceutical industry is a complex and challenging role that involves overseeing the entire life cycle of a drug product, from development through commercialization and beyond. It requires a deep understanding of the regulatory environment, market dynamics, and patient needs, as well as strong leadership and management skills By classifying product decisions into these categories, businesses can prioritize their efforts and allocate resources effectively. Strategic decisions, for example, may require more resources and involve more stakeholders than operational decisions, but they can also have a greater impact on the success of the product. By making informed product line and product mix decisions, businesses can effectively meet customer needs and grow their market share. By using product portfolio analysis, businesses can make informed decisions about which products to invest in, which to divest or improve, and which new products or markets to pursue. This analysis helps businesses align their product offerings with their overall business strategy and maximize their profitability and growth potential.
Review on anti-cancer herbal drugs
Authors: Tiware Shital , Warghane Komal Khond , Makde Prasad , Yeskar Harshal
Published: July 2023

One of the most important health issues facing humanity, cancer is a scary disease that demands a proactive approach to treatment. Plants, a source of novel chemical entities and a promising topic for cancer research. Despite its success, chemotherapy has so far had some unfavourable side effects. However, the use of plants and products generated from them is revolutionising the field as a simple, secure, cost-effective, time-saving, environmentally friendly, and less hazardous alternative to traditional treatment procedures. Phytochemicals have selective activities that are targeted towards tumour cells. The complex process known as carcinogenesis involves a number of signalling cascades. Phytochemicals are thought to be attractive prospects for the development of new therapeutics because of their pleiotropic effects on the target event in a number of ways."

Researchers are looking at which of these phytochemicals might be possibilities for inhibiting or reducing the growth of cancer cells without causing any unfavourable side effects. There are a lot of phytochemicals and the analogues they were made from that have been identified as potential anticancer therapeutic possibilities. An effort has been made to highlight the most recent developments and noteworthy accomplishments in phytomolecule-based cancer therapies that target nuclear and cellular components through this succinct overview.
Preliminary phytochemical analysis, formulation and evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential of the formulated gel obtained from an Ethanolic leaves extract of Lour
Authors: Sekar Praveen , Natarajan Vignesh , Shanmugam Nivetha , Kandasamy Thilagasundari
Published: July 2023

Infectious microbes like bacteria, viruses, or fungi commonly cause inflammation when they enter the body, live in certain tissues or circulate in the circulation. For long years ago, natural sources have been used for the treatment of various diseases. In this way, belonging to the family Lamiaceae was found to be having various pharmacological activities like anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, larvicidal and cardiovascular activities. The objective of the study is to formulate and evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of the topical gel using an Ethanolic leaves extract of The formulated gel F3 showed better spreadability with a net content of 99 % and a drug release of 94.84 %. The anti-inflammatory potential of the formulation F3 was evaluated using the inhibition of albumin denaturation assay and Human red blood cells (HRBC) membrane stabilization assay. The formulated gel and standard exhibited 45.86-82.32 % and 55.25-88.07 % of inhibition at the concentration of 50-250 µg/ml, respectively at albumin denaturation assay and 25.35-75.49 % and 30.70-87.18 % of inhibition at 50-250 µg/ml concentration, respectively. Thus, the formulated topical gel using an Ethanolic leaves extract of was found to be possessing potent anti-inflammatory activity.
The Corona Pandemic and Working Life: Findings from a Longitudinal Danish Study
Authors: Bredgaard Thomas
Published: July 2023

There have probably not been any greater disruptions in working life since the Second World War than those experienced during the corona pandemic. This article examines how different occupational groups experienced the changes in their work life during the different phases of thecorona pandemic. The study contributes to the growing literature on how the Nordic labor markets managed the corona pandemic and what we can learn from experiences to improve working life in the future.The data material consists of longitudinal interviews with representatives of five occupational groups in different work life situations four times during the pandemic. Across the interviews, we find that the corona pandemic reinforced three incremental trends in working life: (1) the workplace as an important social arena, (2) reflections on work life balance, and (3) the potentials of homework and online meetings.
Characterization and Disease Severity of Pathogenic Microbes on 20 Red Chili Genotypes
Authors: Pamekas Tunjung , Ganefianti Dwi Wahyuni , Destinawati Nelly
Published: July 2023

Pathogenic microbes are the limiting factor in increasing red chili productivity. These pathogens cause decreasing yield of red chili up to 50-100%. This research aimed to characterize and evaluate disease severity on 20 red chili genotypes caused by pathogenic microbes. The research was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The samples were 20 chili genotypes, namely UNIB K01, UNIB CGTS1, G35, G48, G56, G60, G67, G77, and G43 (developed by the University of Bengkulu researchers) and IPB C19, COPAY, IPB C495, IPB C14, DORSET NAGA, IPB C4, IPB PANJANG, LOKAL BENGKULU, SELOKA, SSP, and ANIES (developed by others). The results showed that four groups of pathogens attacked red chili, namely Fusarium oxysporum, which causes fusarium wilt disease; Cercospora sp., the cause of leaf spot disease; Colletotrichum sp. causes anthracnose; and virus groups. All tested red chili genotypes could be infected by these four pathogens in which the incubation period, disease incidence, and disease severity were insignificant. Of the nine genotypes developed by the University of Bengkulu researchers, the G35 genotype had the best potency to be developed as a disease-resistant genotype. 

 

Keywords: Cercospora sp, Colletotrichum sp, Fusarium s, virus
Efektivitas Kapal KM Camara Nusantara dalam Pelayanan Angkutan Ternak
Authors: Hidayati Laili Fithri , Nahrowi  , Abdullah Luki
Published: July 2023

In 2021, the realization of livestock transported by KM Camara Nusantara livestock ships only reached 67.73%, with the realization of shipping at 78.74%. Based on these conditions, this study aims to measure the effectiveness of implementing livestock ships and the factors that affect them. The method used was to calculate the weight of factors considered to affect using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. Data were obtained from questionnaires, interviews, and literature reviews. Respondents were stakeholders and users of livestock transportation vessel services, which include the NTB and NTT Provincial Livestock Offices, Bima Regency Livestock Office, the Ministry of Transportation, shipping operators, and business actors. The results are priority weights on benefit criteria (0.2648), number of livestock (0.2578), regulation (0.1716), and route (0.1541). Meanwhile, priority weights on the subcriteria of the number of livestock transported (0.2224), availability (0.1064), price disparity (0.0889), mileage (0.0677), and transportation socialization (0.0667). Based on the calculation of the weight of criteria and subcriteria, the effectiveness of implementing KM Camara Nusantara livestock vessels reached 78%, which is at the level of achievement that is quite effective. In general, to improve the effectiveness of KM Camara Nusantara livestock transport ship services, factors that need to get priority are the availability of transported livestock, the achievement of benefits, and supporting regulations. The subfactors that need priority are the number of livestock transported, availability, price disparity, mileage, and transportation socialization.

Keywords: AHP, Camara Nusantara, cattle ships, Sea Highway
Jenis dan Konsentrasi Tanah Pengelantang untuk Menurunkan Prekursor Senyawa 3-MCPDE dan GE pada Pemucatan CPO
Authors: Kartika Sari  , Nur Wulandari  , Azis Boing Sitanggang  , Nuri Andarwulan
Published: July 2023

Refined palm oil contains contaminants such as 3-monochloropropane diol ester (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl ester (GE) which are formed from diacylglycerol (DAG) and chloride (Cl) as precursors during processing. There is a need to control the levels of precursors especially during the bleaching stage using selected bleaching earth (BE). Reducing the number of precursors after the bleaching stage will minimize the formation of 3-MCPDE and GE in bleached palm oil (BPO) for the next refinery stage. The research consisted of three stages: (1) characterization of raw materials consisting of CPO, BE types 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; (2) study on the effect of BE type; and (3) study on the concentration effect of selected BE for reducing DAG and Cl by chemical analysis of oil quality. The results showed that degummed palm oil (DPO) contained DAG of 6.70%, free fatty acid 5.66%, carotene 424.31 mg/kg, P 20.30 mg/kg, and Fe <0.021 mg/kg. The five types of BE have different physicochemical properties on which the effect will be seen on BPO. The second stage results showed that BE-4 was selected as the most potential BE. Using BE-4 of 2.5% was proven to reduce total Cl as 3-MCPDE precursors in the resulted BPO sample. The Cl level decreased to 3.05 mg/kg with the largest decrease percentage of 55.80% compared to DPO sample. BE-4 concentration of 2.5% has been able to withstand and prevent the increase of DAG as a precursor to GE contaminants during bleaching process.

 

Keywords: 3-monokloropropanadiol ester, chloride, diacylglycerol, glycidyl ester, palm oil
Bioaktivitas Usnea barbata (L.) F.H. Wigg sebagai Insektisida Nabati Coptotermes curvignathus (Holmgren)
Authors: Helmiyetti Helmiyetti , Supriati Rochmah , Wibowo Risky Hadi , Lestari Dian Fita , Maryana Leni
Published: July 2023

The subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus is a type of insect that damages wood until it is porous and destroyed. Until now, termites are chemically controlled but negatively impact the environment, so bioinsecticides such as from Usnea barbata lichen are needed. This study aims to determine the bioactivity of U extract. Barbata as a bioinsecticide for subterranean termites C. curvignathus. The experiment used Completely Randomizd Design with 7 treatments (concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and Termicon) and 3 replicates. The extract was prepared from 300 g of U barbata powder, macerated in 7 days in 96% ethanol in a ratio of 1:10 (300 g/3 L). Mortality and feed weight loss were observed for 7 days. The extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, and tannins. The phytochemicals were analyzed descriptively, and a lethal concentration value of 50% (LC50) was determined by probit analysis. Data on termite mortality percentage and feed loss percentage were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% confidence level. If the Fcalct > Ftable, Duncan's further test was carried out. The results showed that the extract contained alkaloids, steroids, tannins, and saponins. The mortality of subterranean termites was indicated by an LC value of 50-72 hours of 19.32%. Statistically, U. barbata extract affected mortality but did not differ significantly in the feed weight loss of C. curvignathus subterranean termites.

 

Keywords: bioactivity, Coptotermes curvignathus, insecticide, Usnea barbata
Perbedaan Jumlah Mata Tunas per Stek dan Populasi pada Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Bibit setelah Panen Ubi Kayu
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Noerwijati Kartika , Baliadi Yuliantoro , Wahyuningsih Sri , Taufiq Abdullah
Published: July 2023

Limitations of cuttings become an essential problem in the expansion of cassava plantations. One strategy that can be taken is to reduce the length of the cuttings and increase the plant population to increase the area planted and produce more stems per unit area for the next growing season. This study aimed to determine the effect of cutting length and plant population per hectare on the growth and production of cassava stems. The research was carried out at the Jambegede Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation in February–December 2020. The treatment consisted of two factors, namely three levels of cutting length (2, 4, and 10 buds/cutting) and three levels of the population (10,000, 30,000, and 40,000 plants/ha). The experiment used the Malang-4 variety and was applied to a completely randomized split-plot experimental design of three groups with the population as the main plot and the number of buds as sub-plots. The results showed that the number of buds/cutting increased the number of growing plants, one and three-month plant height, the number of viable stems, the length of unfit stems for seedlings, and decreased the percentage of dead plants. On the other hand, plant population/ha increases the percentage of dead plants, stem length unsuitable for seeds, and number of stems suitable for seeds. The interaction between the number of buds/cutting and the population was seen in the diameter of the three-month-old stems, the number of stems unsuitable for seedlings, the number of plants grown, the number of dead plants, and the number of plants harvested.
 
Keywords: cassava, length of cuttings, number of buds, plant population, stem production
Penapisan dan Karakterisasi Amilase dari Bakteri Asal Ekoenzim
Authors: Ningtyas Ninda , Mubarik Nisa Rachmania , Rahayuningsih Mulyorini
Published: July 2023

Eco-enzymes are one of the potential sources for obtaining amylolytic bacterial isolates. The study aims to screen amylolytic bacteria from eco-enzymes, characterize semi-purification amylase, and identify amylolytic bacteria molecularly using the 16S rRNA gene. Screening for amylolytic bacteria was carried out by measuring the amylolytic index on a Nutrient agar medium containing 1% tapioca starch. The amylolytic isolate which had the highest index and was non-pathogenic was selected for the amylase characterization process. Testing of amylase activity was carried out using the Bernfeld method while the protein enzymes were measured using the Bradford method. The extracellular extract was concentrated using ammonium sulfate precipitation. PKL2 is gram-positive bacteria that was derived from eco-enzymes with the highest amylolytic indexes of 1.77, which were not pathogenic on the blood agar test. Optimum amylase was produced by PKL2 at the stationary phase at 21 h. The optimum pH and temperature of the amylase activity were observed to be 7.0 and 50°C, respectively. The amylase enzyme from PKL2 increased its purity 1.82-fold upon precipitation of ammonium sulfate at a concentration of 60%. Identification of bacteria based on molecular identification showed that PKL2 obtained was putatively identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

 

Keywords: Amylase activity, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, eco-enzyme, optimum pH
Kepadatan dan Preferensi Habitat Kerang Pokea di Muara Sungai Laeya, Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Bahtiar Bahtiar , Ishak Ermayanti , Fekri Latifa
Published: July 2023

Freshwater clams or also known as pokes in tribal languange is clams to Sulawesi which posses high market value. However, their density and habitat preferences in Laeya River Estuary is currently unknown. This study aims to determine the density and habitat preferences of pokea clams in the Laeya River, Southeast Sulawesi. This research was conducted for 1 year from March 2016-February 2017. Pokea samples were taken every month in three stations using tangge (traditional fishing gear) with a total sample size of 2908 individuals. The density of pokea clam was analyzed using Mann Whitney test. Habitat preferences were analyzed by correspondence analysis using XLstat. The study showed that the density of pokea clams in 3 stations were similar. The clam density at stations I, II, and III were 85,47±66,44, 97,03± 81,70, and 59,84±82,31, respectively. The highest density was found during April-July 2016 with the peak density in May 2016 with a value of 268,78±29,23. The lowest density occurred during September 2016-February 2017. The lowest density was found in December 2016 with a value of 15,12±7,08. The density of pokea clams in the Laeya River was influenced by TDS. Pokea clams prefer habitats with deeper water and low brightness caused by organic matter and high TOM.

 

Keywords: clam, Indonesia, pokea, preference, Sulawesi
Potensi Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) sebagai Agen Priming pada Performa Perkecambahan Biji Bawang Merah
Authors: Mantja Katriani , Syam'un Elkawakib , Faried Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Moringa leaf extract is a biostimulant containing various phytohormones that can spur plant growth and development. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Moringa leaf extract as a priming agent on the germination performance of shallot seeds. The experiment began with leaf extract preparation, seed priming, and germination testing. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA, and if there was a significant effect, further tested with the BNJ test with α = 0.05. The data were processed using RStudio software version 4.2.1. The results stated that seed priming with leaf extract concentration of 37.5% had the best effect on all germination parameters, including average germination time (2.19 days), final germination percentage (96.53%), seed germination uniformity (95.83%), germination velocity coefficient (45.85), germination rate index (50.48%/day), sprout vigor index I (790.58), sprout vigor index II (31.30), plumula length (6.53 cm), radicle length (1.66 cm), sprout fresh weight (0.32 g), and sprout dry weight (0.0233 g). It was concluded that Moringa leaf extract has the potential as a priming agent for shallot seeds.

 

Keywords: botanical seed, moringa leaf, priming, shallot
Keanekaragaman dan Komposisi Serangga pada Tanaman Jagung di Tojo Una-Una, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia
Authors: Amiruddin Muhammad , Nuranisa Nuranisa , Jeki Jeki , Adam Rosida P. , Dwiyanto Diky
Published: July 2023

Various insects (Arthropoda: Insecta) have an important role in the agricultural sector, including corn crops. Understanding the diversity of species and composition of insects  in the plantation area is a necessary first step in implementing integrated pest management (IPM). This study aims to analyze the diversity of species and composition of insects found in corn plantation in the Malotong Village, Tojo Una-Una Regency, Central Sulawesi. Sampling was carried out in October and November 2022 using insect nets in four plots. A total of 21 species (16 families and four orders) were found in this study, with the order Hemiptera having the highest number of families and genus (7 families and 8 genera). The Shannon diversity index (H′) showed moderate criteria, with the highest found in plot 1 (H′=1,60), while the highest Evenness index values were found in plots 3 (0,77) and 4 (0,74). The highest similarity indexes were found in plots 2 and 3 (0,53), as a result of their shared vegetation patterns. The composition of insects consists of herbivores, predators, and pollinators, with the highest percentage being herbivores (68.5%), then predators (25%), and the lowest being pollinators (6.5%).
 
Keywords: Abundance, Central Sulawesi, corn, IPM, Tojo Una-Una
TISZABERCELI ROMA KÖZÖSSÉG SZOCIOKULTURÁLIS HELYZETE ÉS ISKOLÁZTATÁSSAL KAPCSOLATOS VISELKEDÉSMINTÁZATAI
Authors: Tóth Norbert
Published: July 2023

Jelen tanulmány arra vállalkozik, hogy egy komplex pedagógiai antropológiai szemléletű kutatás egyik eleméhez kapcsolódó empirikus eredményeit közölje. A kutatásunk során azt elemeztük, hogy a tiszaberceli roma közösségben a cigány családok nevelési sajátosságai milyen kölcsönhatásban vannak az iskolai előrehaladást befolyásoló egyéb tényezőkkel. A romungró közösségekben végzett kutatás során arra törekedtünk, hogy feltérképezzük, hogy bizonyos szociokulturális tényezők (iskolázottság, munkahely, lakásviszonyok, nem és kor) mennyiben befolyásolják a szülők iskolával kapcsolatos hozzáállását. Kutatásunk módszertani apparátusát tekintve, kvalitatív kutatási módszerekre támaszkodtunk. A terepkutatás és a részvevő megfigyelésen túl, félig strukturált interjúkat (n=12) készítettünk a helyi romungró közösséghez tartozó szülőkkel.
Four-wave mixing on thermal and resonant nonlinearities with feedback for object and signal waves
Authors: Akimov Aleksandr А. , Ivakhnik Valery V. , Kazakova Kseniya G.
Published: July 2023

Background. The need to create highly efficient four-wave radiation converters in order to use them in adaptive optics systems, for real-time processing of complex spatio-temporal fields, in interferometry, quantum cryptography, etc. requires along with the use of traditional methods to increase the efficiency of such converters by increasing the interaction length, radiation power density, effective value of the nonlinear susceptibility of the development of new methods. One of these methods is a method based on the imposition of feedback on one or more interacting waves. Aim. The influence of feedback on the amplitude reflection coefficient of the degenerate four-wave radiation converter on thermal and resonant nonlinearities has been considered. Methods. The amplitude reflection coefficient of a degenerate four-wave radiation converter on thermal and resonant nonlinearities in the presence of feedback for both object and signal waves has been analyzed by a numerical method based on the multiple passage of the signal and object waves of the nonlinear layer in the ring resonator. Results. It was shown, that the difference in the reflection coefficients in the presence and absence of feedback for both object and signal waves increase monotonically with a growth in the pumping waves intensity and does not depend on the parameter characterizing the relationship between thermal and resonant nonlinearities at the approximation of a small reflection coefficient. Conclusion. The range of values of the absorption coefficient in which the imposition of feedback for both object and signal waves leads to an increase in the efficiency of the four-wave radiation converter has been established.