bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An efficient pose classification method for robotic grasping
Authors: Ji Wenlong , Lin Yunhan , Min Huasong
Published: March 2022

Background: The unstructured environment, the different geometric shapes of objects, and the uncertainty of sensor noise have brought many challenges to robotic grasping. PointNetGPD (Grasp Pose Detection) which was published in 2019 proposes a point cloud-based grasping pose detection method, which detects reliable grasping poses from the point cloud, and provides an effective process to generate and evaluate grasping poses. However, PointNetGPD uses the point cloud inside the parallel-gripper and the network only uses three channels of information when classifying grasping poses.

Methods: In order to improve the accuracy of grasping pose classification, the concept of grasping confidence region was proposed in this paper, which shows the hotspot area of the object can be grasped successfully, and there will be higher success rate when performing grasping in this area. Based on the concept of grasping confidence regions, the grasping dataset in PointNetGPD is improved, which can provide richer information to the classification network. Using our dataset, we trained a scoring network that can score the point cloud collected by the depth camera. We added this scoring network to the classification network of PointNetGPD, and carried out the experiment of grasping poses classification.

Results: The experimental results show that the classification accuracy increases by 4% after calculating the score channel on the original dataset; the classification accuracy increases by nearly 1% after using the trained scoring network to score the original dataset.

Conclusions: The concept of positive grasp center area is proposed in this paper. Based on this concept, we improve the dataset in PointNetGPD, and use this dataset to train a scoring network to add the score information to the point cloud. The experiments show that our proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of grasping poses classification network.
Temporomandibular joints disorders (TMDs) prevalence and their relation to anxiety in dental students
Authors: Homeida Lujain , Felemban Emtenan , Kassar Wed , Ameen Mazen , Aldahlawi Salwa
Published: March 2022

Background: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) are very common disorders affecting the population and causing pain. Researchers have reported a high prevalence of TMDs among university students due to increased distress. The aims of this study were to determine the frequency of TMDs in Umm al-Qura University (UQU) dental students using the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD), and to examine the relationship between anxiety, bruxism, and TMDs among those students.

Methods: The DC/TMD pain screener questionnaire was completed by dental students. Students who reported TMD pain or had at least one positive TMD symptom were invited to the dental clinic for a full TMJ evaluation. History of bruxism was documented and an ultra-brief tool for detecting anxiety and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-4 PHQ) was completed by all students.

Results: A total of 240 students responded to the TMD pain screener in which 119 reported at least one TMJ symptom. Only 93 dental students presented to clinical examination in which 64.5% (n=60) of them had temporomandibular joint disorders. Disc displacement with reduction and local myalgia (38.7% & 32.25%, respectively) were the most frequent diagnosis. A total of 29% (n=27) of students had more than one diagnosis. Overall, 41 participants (44.09%) reported a positive response to the anxiety scale and (n=38) 40% of participants reported parafunctional habits. Both the history of bruxism and anxiety were significantly related to TMDs (P=0.0002) and also significantly higher in women of higher academic years (P≤0.01).

Conclusions: This study found a high prevalence of TMDs among UQU dental students. Disc displacement with reduction was the most prevalent disorder. Bruxism and anxiety were associated with painful TMDs.
Administracinio teismo istorija Lietuvoje 1918-1940 m.
Authors: Deviatnikovaitė Ieva
Published: March 2022

The book is comprised of three parts: the first one reviews the institutions that were similar to an administrative court in their competence; the second one analyzes legal acts and draft laws in which the control of the legality of administrative acts had been established or was intended to be established; and in the third one the scientific doctrine of administrative justice in interwar Lithuania is researched, as well as the journalistic articles of practitioners, mostly civil servants, and the attitude of students to the administrative court are reviewed. The analysis of these three aspects – institutions, legal acts, and doctrine – helped to achieve the goal of the research: to comprehensively reveal the history of the administrative court in interwar Lithuania.
OM Forum—Reducing Food Waste: An Operations Management Research Agenda
Authors: Akkaş Arzum , Gaur Vishal
Published: March 2022

Problem definition: It is estimated that one third of the food produced worldwide is wasted. This has been recognized as a critical problem by the United Nations, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the European Union, and industry groups because of its implications for the environment, conservation of resources, and global hunger. Academic/practical relevance: The problem of food waste represents a significant research opportunity for the Operations Management (OM) community because it is closely connected with OM topics and methodologies in supply chain technology and management, incentives and coordination, business model innovation, and behavioral operations. Research in food waste can lead to novel academic contributions and have meaningful impact on practice. Methodology: Using the academic literature, industry literature, and interviews with managers, this article describes the problem of food waste, identifies its root causes and implications, argues for the importance of research in this area in OM, and develops a research agenda for OM scholars to contribute to the theory and practice of food waste reduction. Results: The agenda is organized around five themes: 1) supply chain technology, 2) supply chain logistics, 3) incentives and coordination in the supply chain, 4) business model innovation, and 5) behavioral operations. Managerial implications: This article aims to stimulate research on food waste in our field.
Drone Network Design for Cardiac Arrest Response
Authors: Boutilier Justin J. , Chan Timothy C. Y.
Published: March 2022

Problem definition: Our objective is to design a defibrillator-enabled drone network that augments the existing emergency medical services (EMS) system to rapidly respond to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Academic/practical relevance: OHCA claims more than 400,000 lives each year in North America and is one of the most time-sensitive medical emergencies. Drone-delivered automated external defibrillators (AEDs) have the potential to be a transformative innovation in the provision of emergency care for OHCA. Methodology: We develop an integrated location-queuing model that incorporates existing EMS response times and is based on the p-median architecture, where each base constitutes an explicit [Formula: see text] queue (i.e., Erlang loss). We then develop a reformulation technique that exploits the existing EMS response times, allowing us to solve real-world instances to optimality using an off-the-shelf solver. We evaluate our solutions using a tactical simulation model that accounts for the effects of congestion and dispatching, and we use a machine-learning model to translate our response-time reductions into survival estimates. Results: Using real data from an area covering 26,000 square kilometers around Toronto, Canada, we find that a modest number of drones are required to significantly reduce response times in all regions. An objective function that minimizes average response time results in drone resources concentrated in cities, with little impact on the tail of the distribution. In contrast, optimizing for the tail of the response-time distribution produces larger and more geographically dispersed drone networks that improve response-time equity across the regions. We estimate that the response-time reductions achieved by the drone network are associated with between a 42% and 76% higher survival rate and up to 144 additional lives saved each year across the geographical region we consider. Managerial implications: Overall, this paper provides a realistic framework that can be leveraged by system designers and/or EMS personnel seeking to investigate design questions associated with a drone network. An objective function focused on improving the tail of the response-time distribution is well-suited for use in practice because the model provides equitable solutions that reduce the entire response-time distribution and corresponds to the real-world metrics, on which EMS systems are most commonly evaluated.
Fundamentos de Historia - Historia Antigua y Medieval: Problemas y soluciones materiales
Authors: Sánchez Domínguez Víctor , Álvarez Melero Anthony , Lozano Gómez Fernando
Published: March 2022

Fundamentos de Historia corresponde a una serie de proyectos de innovación docente financiados por el vicerrectorado de estudiantes de la Universidad de Sevilla, cuyo objetivo primero fue identificar las necesidades de los alumnos a la hora de cursar la asignatura homónima introducida en el plan de estudios del Grado de Educación Primaria en 2010. Las investigaciones sobre ideas previas y la experiencia de los grupos docentes plantearon la necesidad de dar respuesta a la problemática detectada a través de un segundo proyecto, cuyo objetivo fue el diseño de materiales específicos para el alumnado de esta asignatura, así como para alumnos de los primeros cursos de grados de Historia. En esta aportación presentamos el diseño, desarrollo y resultados de los proyectos correspondientes al curso 2011-12 y al curso 2016-17, siendo el primero una investigación sobre el nivel inicial de los alumnos mediante el diseño y aplicación de cuestionarios de evaluación inicial y el segundo, un proyecto de elaboración de materiales que culminó con la publicación del manual Fundamentos de Historia, Historia Antigua y Medieval de España.
Universidad presencial confinada: Percepción de los estudiantes de Interpretación de la docencia presencial, semipresencial y no presencial
Authors: Pérez-Luzardo Díaz Jessica
Published: March 2022

Este estudio explora las adaptaciones didácticas en las asignaturas de Interpretación de los grados de Traducción e Interpretación y las preferencias de los estudiantes, así como las ventajas y desventajas percibidas por los estudiantes de la docencia presencial, semipresencial y a distancia en las asignaturas de la materia de Interpretación. El estudio parte de una muestra de 122 sujetos que cursaron asignaturas de interpretación desde que se declaró el confinamiento en marzo de 2020 hasta finales del primer semestre de 2021. La metodología empleada ha recurrido al uso de cuestionarios con preguntas cerradas, abiertas y de respuesta múltiple, por lo que reúne características de los estudios descriptivos mixtos. Los datos obtenidos ponen de manifiesto una preferencia por mantener la interacción directa con los docentes y compañeros incluso en un contexto de pandemia. Al tiempo que se produce cierto rechazo de las modalidades híbridas y a distancia por las dificultades técnicas y de conexión, se destacan las ventajas de poder evitar los desplazamientos y la mayor flexibilidad que estas ofrecen.
Polarimetric method of generating full Poincaré beams within a finite extent
Authors: Radhakrishna B. , Kadiri Gururaj , Raghavan G.
Published: March 2022

A novel polarimetric method of generating a variety of Poincaré beams such as half Poincaré beams and full Poincaré beams using doubly inhomogeneous wave plates (

d

-plates) is proposed. In this method, every input state of polarization (SoP) through such a

d

-plate generates a unique Poincaré beam, thereby giving access to a potentially infinite number of them. Furthermore, the generation of full Poincaré beams is presented here as an instance of the geometrical problem of mapping the surface of a sphere onto a plane, and this insight allows one to design

d

-plates that convert the input SoP to every possible SoP, within a finite region of the beam. A gadget composed of three singly inhomogeneous wave plates for an equivalent realization of these

d

-plates is also presented.
Measuring the squared amplitudes of the Laguerre-Gaussian beams via a single intensity frame
Authors: Mohagheghian Maryam , Ghavami Sabouri Saeed
Published: March 2022

We propose the use of an intensity technique to decompose superpositions consisting of two, three, or four basis Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes, and measure the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of such superpositions. The mode generation and decomposition are both accomplished only on a 2f optical imaging system. We demonstrate numerically and experimentally that the squared amplitudes of superpositions can be determined by recording a single frame of the intensity distribution. This is accomplished by measuring the intensity along certain circles and solving a linear set of equations relating the sampled intensities to squared amplitudes. The accuracy of better than 98% for composite beams consisting of two, and about 90% for composite beams consisting of more than two basis modes are achieved. Finally, we report the value of the measured OAM of the superpositions with excellent accuracy regarding theoretical values, for small and large integer and non-integer OAM.
Off-axis reflective imaging system design with a conicoid-based freeform surface
Authors: Cheng Dewen , Xu Chen , Yang Tong , Wang Yongtian
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we propose an off-axis reflective system design method based on a non-rotational symmetric conicoid-based freeform (CBF) surface description. The base description avoids complicated calculation of decenter and tilt when using the conventional conic expression, thus simplify the system modeling and optimization process, and it can reduce the number of coefficients that needed to represent mild freeform surfaces. A design method that includes the automatic initial system searching, preliminary optimization with rotationally symmetric surface deviation and fine-tuning with non-symmetric surface deviation is proposed. Two three-mirror systems have been designed to demonstrate the feasibility and conveniences of the proposed method.
High-speed multi-parametric photoacoustic microscopy of cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic responses to acute hemodilution
Authors: Wang Yiming , Zhong Fenghe , Sun Naidi , Xu Zhiqiang , Li Jun , Liu Quan , Li Zhengying , Zuo Zhiyi , Hu Song
Published: March 2022

The ability of hemodilution to improve vascular circulatory impairment has been demonstrated. However, the effects of acute hemodilution on cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism have not been assessed at the microscopic level, due to technical limitations. To fill this void, we have developed a new, to the best of our knowledge, photoacoustic microscopy system, which enables high-speed imaging of blood hemoglobin concentration, oxygenation, flow, and oxygen metabolism in vivo. The system performance was examined in both phantoms and the awake mouse brain. This new technique enabled wide-field (4.5 × 3 mm2) multi-parametric imaging of the mouse cortex at 1 frame/min. Narrowing the field of view to 1.5 × 1.5 mm2 allowed dynamic imaging of the cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic responses to acute hypervolemic hemodilution at 6 frames/min. Quantitative analysis of the hemodilution-induced cerebrovascular responses over time showed rapid increases in the vessel diameter (within 50–210 s) and blood flow (50–210 s), as well as decreases in the hemoglobin concentration (10–480 s) and metabolic rate of oxygen (20–480 s) after the acute hemodilution, followed by a gradual recovery to the baseline levels in 1440 s. Providing comprehensive insights into dynamic changes of the cerebrovascular structure and function in vivo, this technique opens new opportunities for mechanistic studies of acute brain diseases or responses to various stimuli.
Programmable low-threshold optical nonlinear activation functions for photonic neural networks
Authors: Huang Ying , Wang Weiping , Qiao Lei , Hu Xiaoyan , Chu Tao
Published: March 2022

We experimentally demonstrate two types of programmable, low-threshold, optically controlled nonlinear activation functions, which are challenging to realize in photonic neural networks (PNNs). These devices rely on on-chip integrated Ge–Si photoelectric detectors and silicon electro-optical switches, and they generate rectified linear unit (ReLU) or sigmoid functions with arbitrary slopes without additional electrical processing. Both devices function at an extremely low threshold of 0.2 mW. The embedding of these nonlinear activation functions into convolutional neural networks facilitates the attainment of high inference accuracies of up to 95% when applied to Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) handwritten digit-classification tasks. The devices are suitable for low-power PNNs with an arbitrary number of propagation layers in photonic-computing chips.
Asymmetry robust centroid localization in confocal microscopy
Authors: Chen Cheng , Chai Changchun , Liu Xiaojun , Jiang Xiangqian , Lu Wenlong
Published: March 2022

We present a centroid algorithm with asymmetry-robust error compensation for the peak position localization of asymmetrical axial response signals in confocal microscopy. Compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms, which are usually developed for symmetrical signals, our asymmetry robust centroid algorithm is found to have much smaller localization bias and higher precision for an asymmetrical confocal signal in numerical simulations and experiments.
Autocrine signaling can explain the emergence of Allee effects in cancer cell populations
Authors: Gerlee Philip , Altrock Philipp M. , Malik Adam , Krona Cecilia , Nelander Sven
Published: March 2022

In many human cancers, the rate of cell growth depends crucially on the size of the tumor cell population. Low, zero, or negative growth at low population densities is known as the Allee effect; this effect has been studied extensively in ecology, but so far lacks a good explanation in the cancer setting. Here, we formulate and analyze an individual-based model of cancer, in which cell division rates are increased by the local concentration of an autocrine growth factor produced by the cancer cells themselves. We show, analytically and by simulation, that autocrine signaling suffices to cause both strong and weak Allee effects. Whether low cell densities lead to negative (strong effect) or reduced (weak effect) growth rate depends directly on the ratio of cell death to proliferation, and indirectly on cellular dispersal. Our model is consistent with experimental observations from three patient-derived brain tumor cell lines grown at different densities. We propose that further studying and quantifying population-wide feedback, impacting cell growth, will be central for advancing our understanding of cancer dynamics and treatment, potentially exploiting Allee effects for therapy.
Urban climate-health governance: Charting the role of public health in large global city adaptation plans
Authors: Sheehan Mary C. , Khudairi Fay , Swaich Gurtejandeep S. , Hines William , Mehta Shivani , Fox Mary A.
Published: March 2022

Over the last decade many large world cities have scaled up efforts at climate adaptation, a primary focus of which is protecting population health. With extreme weather disasters increasing worldwide, public health agencies are among local institutions under greatest stress; the Covid-19 pandemic has only heightened pressure on these agencies. Yet the limited literature examining adaptation actions across world cities suggest few, mainly high-income cities report health-related adaptation, while city public health agency engagement in adaptation has received little research attention. In this comparative review, we aimed to characterize the public health role in the adaptation plans of 22 large cities pre-identified as highly health-adaptive, by examining five health-associated adaptation activities chosen as “promising practice” based on evidence synthesized from evaluation research and practical experience: (i) hazard and vulnerability mapping; (ii) extreme weather preparedness and response; (iii) extreme heat plans (including heat early warning); (iv) non-heat early warning (e.g., flooding, vector-borne disease); and (v) climate-health monitoring and outcome surveillance. We found most (90%) city adaptation plans reported actions in at least three of these five activity areas. However, only 73% of these health-focused plans reported involvement of a public health agency (though the share was higher for cities in low- and middle-income countries). We detected differences across the five activities, including an ascending pattern of public health engagement starting with heat plans and including activities such as preparedness and mapping as health agency involvement increased. We also identified substantial presence of other city agencies–notably urban planning, emergency management and public utilities–in implementing these health-associated activities. With every world region likely to experience more widespread and intensifying climate impacts, and growing pressure on local public health agencies in conjunction with the Covid-19 pandemic, we identify opportunities for enhancing public health engagement in climate adaptation in large cities with a view to scaling up their ability to contribute to climate adaptation goals.
Do Hungarian multiple sclerosis care units fulfil international criteria?
Authors: Kokas Zsófia , Sandi Dániel , Fricska-Nagy Zsanett , Füvesi Judit , Biernacki Tamás , Köves Ágnes , Fazekas Ferenc , Birkás Adrienne Jóri , Katona Gabriella , Kovács Krisztina , Milanovich Dániel , Dobos Enikő , Kapás István , Jakab Gábor , Csépány Tünde , Bense Erzsébet , Mátyás Klotild , Rum Gábor , Szolnoki Zoltán , Deme István , Jobbágy Zita , Kriston Dávid , Gerócs Zsuzsanna , Diószeghy Péter , Bors László , Varga Adrián , Kerényi Levente , Molnár Gabriella , Kristóf Piroska , Nagy Zsuzsanna Ágnes , Sátori Mária , Imre Piroska , Péntek Szilvia , Klivényi Péter , Kincses Zsigmond Tamás , Vécsei László , Bencsik Krisztina
Published: March 2022

A patients

Because of the past 3 decades’ extensive research, several disease modifying therapies became available, thus a paradigm change is multiple sclerosis care was necessary. In 2018 a therapeutic guideline was created recommending that treatment of persons with multiple sclerosis should take place in specified care units where the entire spectrum of disease modifying therapies is available, patient monitoring is ensured, and therapy side effects are detected and treated promptly. In 2019 multiple sclerosis care unit criteria were developed, emphasizing personnel and instrumental requirements to provide most professional care. However, no survey was conducted assessing the real-world adaptation of these criteria.

Objective

To assess whether Hungarian care units fulfil international criteria.

Methods

A self-report questionnaire was assembled based on international guidelines and sent to Hungarian care units focusing on 3 main aspects: personnel and instrumental background, disease-modifying therapy use, number of people living with multiple sclerosis receiving care in care units. Data on number of persons with multiple sclerosis were compared to Hungarian prevalence estimates. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse data.

Results

Out of 27 respondent care units, 3 fulfilled minimum requirements and 7 fulfilled minimum and recommended requirements. The least prevalent neighbouring specialties were spasticity and pain specialist, and neuro-ophthalmologist and oto-neurologist. Only 15 centres used all available disease modifying therapies. A total number of 7213 people with multiple sclerosis received care in 27 respondent centres. Compared to prevalence estimates, 2500 persons with multiple sclerosis did not receive multiple sclerosis specific care in Hungary.

Conclusion

Less than half of Hungarian care units provided sufficient care for people living with multiple sclerosis. Care units employing fewer neighbouring specialties, might have difficulties diagnosing and providing appropriate care for persons with multiple sclerosis, especially for people with progressive disease course, contributing to the reported low number of persons living with multiple sclerosis.
Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on food prices: Evidence from storable and perishable commodities in India
Authors: Bairagi Subir , Mishra Ashok K. , Mottaleb Khondoker A.
Published: March 2022

The supply chain disruptions caused by the COVID-19 outbreak have led to changes in food prices globally. The impact of COVID-19 on the price of essential and perishable food items in developing and emerging economies has been lacking. Using a recent phone survey by the World Bank, this study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prices of the three essential food items in India. The results indicate that price of basic food items such asatta(wheat flour) and rice increased significantly during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. In contrast, during the same period, the price of onions declined significantly. The findings may suggest panic-buying, hoarding, and storability of food items. The results further reveal that remittance income and cash transfers from the government negatively affected commodity prices. Thus, this study’s findings suggest that families may have shifted the demand away from essential foods during the pandemic.
Comparable respiratory activity in attached and suspended human fibroblasts
Authors: Zdrazilova Lucie , Hansikova Hana , Gnaiger Erich
Published: March 2022

Measurement of oxygen consumption of cultured cells is widely used for diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases, drug testing, biotechnology, and toxicology. Fibroblasts are cultured in monolayers, but physiological measurements are carried out in suspended or attached cells. We address the question whether respiration differs in attached versus suspended cells using multiwell respirometry (Agilent Seahorse XF24) and high-resolution respirometry (Oroboros O2k), respectively. Respiration of human dermal fibroblasts measured in culture medium was baseline-corrected for residual oxygen consumption and expressed as oxygen flow per cell. No differences were observed between attached and suspended cells in ROUTINE respiration of living cells and LEAK respiration obtained after inhibition of ATP synthase by oligomycin. The electron transfer capacity was higher in the O2k than in the XF24. This could be explained by a limitation to two uncoupler titrations in the XF24 which led to an underestimation compared to multiple titration steps in the O2k. A quantitative evaluation of respiration measured via different platforms revealed that short-term suspension of fibroblasts did not affect respiratory activity and coupling control. Evaluation of results obtained by different platforms provides a test for reproducibility beyond repeatability. Repeatability and reproducibility are required for building a validated respirometric database.
Photobiomodulation reduces hippocampal apoptotic cell death and produces a Raman spectroscopic “signature”
Authors: Davies David J. , Hadis Mohammed , Di Pietro Valentina , Lazzarino Giuseppe , Forcione Mario , Harris Georgia , Stevens Andrew R. , Soon Wai Cheong , Goldberg Oppenheimer Pola , Milward Michael , Belli Antonio , Palin William M.
Published: March 2022

Apoptotic cell death within the brain represents a significant contributing factor to impaired post-traumatic tissue function and poor clinical outcome after traumatic brain injury. After irradiation with light in the wavelength range of 600–1200 nm (photobiomodulation), previous investigations have reported a reduction in apoptosis in various tissues. This study investigates the effect of 660 nm photobiomodulation on organotypic slice cultured hippocampal tissue of rats, examining the effect on apoptotic cell loss. Tissue optical Raman spectroscopic changes were evaluated. A significantly higher proportion of apoptotic cells 62.8±12.2% vs 48.6±13.7% (P<0.0001) per region were observed in the control group compared with the photobiomodulation group. After photobiomodulation, Raman spectroscopic observations demonstrated 1440/1660 cm-1 spectral shift. Photobiomodulation has the potential for therapeutic utility, reducing cell loss to apoptosis in injured neurological tissue, as demonstrated in this in vitro model. A clear Raman spectroscopic signal was observed after apparent optimal irradiation, potentially integrable into therapeutic light delivery apparatus for real-time dose metering.
Can digital finance boost SME innovation by easing financing constraints?: Evidence from Chinese GEM-listed companies
Authors: Yao Lianying , Yang Xiaoli
Published: March 2022

This paper summarizes the transmission chain of “digital finance-financing constraint-firm innovation” at the theoretical and practical levels, incorporates digital finance into the empirical analysis framework of firm innovation, selects the data of Chinese GEM(Growth Enterprise Market)-listed companies from 2011 to 2020, and matches the data of the digital inclusive finance index. The paper empirically examines the incentive effect and impact mechanism of digital finance on SME innovation through the two-way fixed-effects model and mediated-effects model by matching the data of China GEM-listed companies from 2011 to 2020 with the digital financial inclusion index data. The findings show that the digital development and promotion of digital finance play a significantly positive impact in helping SMEs innovate and stimulate innovation. The effect is realized by alleviating corporate financing constraints. Further, digital finance has different incentive effects on enterprises with varying rights of property nature, as well as on other regions.
“The stress can be unbearable, but the good times are like finding gold”: A phase one modelling survey to inform the development of a self-help positive reappraisal coping intervention for caregivers of those with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Lancastle Deborah , Hill Joanna , Faulkner Susan , Cousins Alecia L.
Published: March 2022

Caregivers of individuals with ASD can experience various practical, psychological, and social demands and need effective ways of coping to ameliorate the negative effects of caregiving. Numerous coping strategies are available, but the literature shows that caregivers can still struggle to cope, suggesting that interventions to support coping efforts could be beneficial. The MRC framework advocates the systematic development and evaluation of interventions, and this study was conducted to inform the future development of a self-help Positive Reappraisal Coping Intervention (PRCI) for these caregivers. The aim was to establish whether positive reappraisal coping strategies were used and associated with greater psychological wellbeing, prior to developing such an intervention. Method. Caregivers of individuals with ASD (N = 112) responded to items from an existing PRCI (Lancastle, 2006; Lancastle & Boivin, 2008), by writing about aspects of caregiving that reflected the meaning of each item. They also completed questionnaires assessing resilience, caregiving burden, and positive and negative emotions. Results. Participants provided significantly more positive responses than negative responses to PRCI items, demonstrating their use of positive reappraisal coping. Thematic analyses showed that positive responses focused on factors such as their loved one’s personality and achievements, the contributions caregivers had made to this person’s progress, the support received, and their own personal development. Positive reappraisal coping was associated with greater resilience, more positive and less negative emotions, and a lesser sense of caregiver burden. Conclusion. This modelling study suggests that positive reappraisal strategies were used by caregivers and associated with greater psychological wellbeing. The findings will inform the development of a self-help PRCI for the caregivers of those with ASD. Future studies will systematically evaluate that PRCI to determine the nature of intervention effects and mediators and moderators of effects.
Into the Spider-Verse and a New Age of Comic Realism
Authors: Barbour Sophie
Published: March 2022

This article examines Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse through an analysis of realism in animated film. The plot of the film is concerned with the collision of multiple universes, and thus the narrative brings together different realities, each of which subscribe to a different animation style. Defining ‘reality’ in an animated film challenges the traditional divide between realism and formalism in film theory, which relies on photorealism as the benchmark of reproducing reality. Newer media theories introduce a transmedia approach to realism that are concerned with the fidelity of an adaptation to its source material. With these tools, we can see how Spider-Verse’s aesthetics heighten the narrative impact.
An Attitude Means a Style. A Style Means an Attitude: The Free Cinema Movement in 1950s Britain
Authors: Crisp Harriet
Published: March 2022

This article explores the relation between Karel Reisz's 1958 film We Are the Lambeth Boys and the aims set in the first Free Cinema manifesto. The article focuses on three expressions in the manifesto: the “belief in freedom [and] in the importance of people,” the notion that “the image speaks. Sound amplifies and comments,” and the closing statement, “an attitude means a style. A style means an attitude.” Drawing on textual analysis, critical interpretations, and historical context, the author assesses the extent to which these aims are met by the film’s production and style.
Orientalist Stereotypes and Transnational Feminisms in Disney’s 1998 and 2020 Mulan
Authors: Nighman Emily
Published: March 2022

The Walt Disney Company is immensely influential around the globe, but in the near future, the world’s largest film market will reside in China rather than the United States. It is thus important to examine how Disney’s 1998 Mulan and its 2020 remake contribute to the advancement and oppression of Chinese/Americans within Hollywood. This paper will compare both films by analyzing each film’s casts and crews, reception in the global film market, critical responses, treatment of racial and gender identity within each narrative, and the sociohistorical contexts in which the films were produced.
Transnational Filmmaking: The Intersubjective Gaze in Desierto
Authors: Scipione Matthew
Published: March 2022

Jonás Cuarón’s Desierto remaps the us-them binary by vacillating across Latinx migrant and white citizen viewpoints at the Mexico–United States border. Liminal spaces in the film reorient nationalistic perspectives and xenophobic tensions revolving around national belonging. Taking a transnational and intersubjective analytical approach to film studies, this essay investigates how the global era displaces migrant, citizen, and spectator alike. Cuarón’s intersubjective vision of the modern transnational world presents an empathic way to perceive and experience cross-border disputes.
Cracks in the Ornament: Spectatorial Relationships and Labors of Looking in Gold Diggers of 1933
Authors: Tystad Leif
Published: March 2022

Siegfried Kracauer’s “The Mass Ornament” is a foundational text of the early twentieth century, detailing a predominant visual structure echoed in the New Objectivity and cinematic German Expressionist movements. The mass ornament which Kracauer defines consists of human bodies arranged in spectacular geometric patterns, often through showgirls in dance routines. This visual structure utilizes the human body as something inherently machinelike, de-individualizing the participants. The musical numbers of Busby Berkeley in 1930s Hollywood pushed the ornament to its foremost cinematic potential, demonstrating not only the unique spectacle of this modernist visual arrangement, but the potential for it to harness voyeurist and nationalist fervor.
Authority Figures in Post-Revolutionary Society: Examining Romanian Attitudes Toward the Police in Pororoca and Police, Adjective
Authors: Leaver Mason
Published: March 2022

The Romanian New Wave is intensely focused on Romania’s history and identity. There is a self-reflexiveness in these films, an awareness of communism’s lingering shadow. Police, Adjective’s examination of the Romanian police force from the inside offers a harsh outlook on the Romanian bureaucracy. Pororoca, on the other hand, examines the police from the point of view of an average citizen, and its ending gives us a dark vision of a society in which we cannot hope for justice. These two films provide us with a frame of reference for understanding the Romanian New Wave and its attitude toward the Romanian Police.
Making Worlds: Affect and Collectivity in Contemporary European Cinema, Claudia Breger (2020)
Authors: Pitsilidou Elena
Published: March 2022

Review of: Making Worlds: Affect and Collectivity in Contemporary European Cinema, Claudia Breger (2020)

New York: Columbia University Press, 344pp., ISBN: 9780231194198 (pbk), $35.00, ISBN: 9780231194181 (hbk), $105.00
In My Blood It Runs (2019)
Authors: Houghton Digby
Published: March 2022

In My Blood It Runs (2019)

Australia

Director Maya Newell

Runtime 84 minutes
Mudbound (2017)
Authors: Lawler A. G.
Published: March 2022

Mudbound (2017)

USA

Director Dee Rees

Runtime 134 minutes
1917 (2019)
Authors: Penny Kayleigh
Published: March 2022

1917 (2019)

USA/United Kingdom/India/Spain/Canada/China

Director Sam Mendes

Runtime 119 minutes
Mandabi (1968)
Authors: Middleton Hollie
Published: March 2022

Mandabi (1968)

Senegal

Director Ousmane Sembène

Runtime 91 Minutes

Blu-ray

USA, 2021

Distributed by The Criterion Collection (region A/1)
Epithelial-endothelial transition and endothelial-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Ribatti Domenico
Published: March 2022

The movement of continuous sheets of epithelial cells occurs during embryonic development, tissue repair, and cancer. Common to cellular and molecular principles of collective cell migration, invading cancers seem to reactivate embryonic pathways and patterns of cell movement. Epithelial cells possess the capability to become mesenchymal cells in a process called epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), which has been extensively studied and described. The aim of this article is to summarize the most recent literature data concerning less known epithelial-endothelial transition and endothelial-mesenchymal transition.
PROPERTIES OF THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE HOB CUTTER USING EDM
Authors: Petukhov Yu. E. , Domnin P. V. , Zheltikov S. A.
Published: March 2022

This article studies the influence of the EDM process on the technological characteristics of the surface layer of the hard alloy of the processed hob cutter, and on the change in the hardness and roughness parameter of the treated surface.
COMBINED EXTRUSION OF GLASSES WITH A CONICAL BOTTOM. METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF FREE EXTRUSION AT INITIAL DEFORMATION BY DIRECT EXTRUSION
Authors: Vorontsov A. L. , Lebedeva D. A.
Published: March 2022

The methodology for calculating the energy-power and deformation parameters of the process of free extrusion of glasses with a conical bottom part, starting from the direct extrusion. The extrusion of both non-hardening and hardening material is considered. In the latter case, the account of the hardening of the extruded material is described in detail. The above formulas allow us to determine such important parameters of the stamping process as total and specific deforming force, maximum pressure on the die wall, and an increase in the yield stress.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF MULTISTRAND STAY CABLES EDDY CURRENT NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
Authors: Semenov A. V. , Slesarev D. A.
Published: March 2022

Some aspects of mathematical simulation of the eddy current non-destructive testing for ferromagnetic components are considered that allow simplifying the mathematical model. The influence of the motion of an inhomogeneous test object in an inhomogeneous field of an eddy current probe of finite dimensions is considered. The influence of the inhomogeneous magnetization of the object, the nonlinearity and ambiguity of the dependence of the magnetic flux density on the magnetic field intensity is described. An example of a mathematical model and simulation results is presented.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF THE SOURCE SIZE OF INFRARED THERMOMETERS
Authors: Golobokov M. V.
Published: March 2022

Noncontact temperature measurement is based on the registration by the thermal receiver of the electromagnetic radiation flux collected by the optical system of the device. Due to the imperfection of practical designs of optical systems, the receiver receives radiation from objects outside the boundaries of the nominal field of view. There is an effect of the size of the source – a change in the readings of the device when the size of the object changes. This paper is devoted to the study of the effect of the source size of reference pyrometers of the first category TRT IV.82, PD-9-02, PD-4-06. In the course of the research, a quantitative assessment of the additional measurement error that occurs when checking blackbody models using these reference pyrometers was obtained. Proposed and justified measures to minimize the resulting additional measurement error. The analysis of the effect of the source size effect on the reliability of the results of verification of blackbody models, working infrared thermometers and thermal imagers is carried out. The results of the research can be useful when conducting tests for type approval, developing methods for verification infrafred thermometers, and developing reference emitters.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM OF ELECTRODES FOR A BIOIMPEDANCE SPECTROMETRY DEVICE
Authors: Yampilov S. S. , Tsybenov Zh. B. , Baldanov V. B. , Batuev B. B. , Zhambalov V. B.
Published: March 2022

A system of electrodes for a bioimpedance spectrometry device has been developed. This device measures the resistance of biological tissues for given frequencies of electric current. The device is able to assess the state of organs and tissues of biological structures in case of breast cancer, as well as under various external influences. It differs from all existing bioimpedance spectrometry devices in that it has small dimensions, is capable of changing the frequencies of the probing current and at the same time immediately fixing the impedance values, and the system of electrodes has a hemispherical shape, and to obtain more accurate impedance data, each electrode is equipped with a spring that is attached to a dielectric hemisphere. The aim of the study is to study breast cancer using the developed system of electrodes for a bioimpedance spectrometry device. Patients with breast cancers were studied using a bioimpedance spectrometry device. The study of the impedance data obtained from the subjects with the presence of cancer in the breast and breast without deviations showed that the impedance of the breast affected by cancer lies in the range of 13...20 Ohm, depending on the frequency of the current. That is, the electrical resistance of the patient's affected chest is reduced to 13.6 %. The analysis showed that the diagnostics of cancer diseases can be carried out by the developed device for bioimpedance spectrometry.
CATEGORY BIG DATA MODEL OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM
Authors: Konovalov V. A.
Published: March 2022

The socioeconomic systems in which the tasks of countering the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism are solved are considered. An intermediate conclusion is presented and made that it is necessary to synthesize a problem-oriented control subsystem for such systems and tasks. The management tasks that distinguish such a data model in modern conditions are highlighted. It is proposed to use a categorical-theoretic approach for synthesizing a data model, which is free from the mathematical paradoxes of mathematical sets, and is also not limited by the size of the data sample from very large samples, such as big data. The purpose of modeling is to synthesize a mathematical model of big data from a variety of data sources of socioeconomic systems, which provides the classification of objects in interrelation (interaction) with other objects to identify such objects and relationships (interactions) that relate to legalization (laundering) proceeds from crime and financing of terrorism. The input samples are mathematically defined. A mathematical model of big data is synthesized in terms of category theory. The module provides the representation of input data samples in the form (format), which makes it possible to classify objects and categories of socioeconomic systems.
AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS INFECTION BASED ON THE CHEST X-RAYS ANALYSIS WITH DEEP LEARNING MODELS
Authors: Shchetinin E. Yu.
Published: March 2022

Early detection of the patients with COVID-19 coronavirus infection is essential to ensure adequate treatment and reduce the burden on the healthcare system. An effective method of detecting COVID-19 is computer analysis of chest X-rays. Changes caused by COVID-19 can be detected by them even in asymptomatic patients, so deep learning models have great potential as the screening tools. The paper proposes a methodology consisting of a stage of preliminary processing of X-ray images, images augmentation and multiclass classification using deep convolutional neural networks Xception, MobileNetV2, DenseNet121, ResNet50 and VGG16, previously trained on the ImageNet dataset. The results of computer experiments showed that VGG16 model demonstrated the best performance of the patients with COVID-19 classification with accuracy of 94,12 %, sensitivity (recall) 95,76 % and AUC = 98 %.
Hull Number Effect in Ship Using Conveyor on Ocean Waste Collection
Authors: Sugianto Erik , Winarno Arif , Indriyani Ratna , Horng Chen Jeng
Published: March 2022

The increase in ocean waste continues to grow from year to year, especially plastic and solid waste. Various ocean waste collection ships using conveyors exist, both in the form of designs and already in operation, but there has been no research on how many hulls are suitable for ocean waste collectors. This study aims to choose between the three-ship models, namely monohull type U, catamaran type inner flat hull, and trimaran type symmetrical. Assessment is based on ship resistance which relates to fuel consumption and flow distribution relates to ocean waste collection. This research uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method which produces resistance, fluid flow velocity contours, and fluid flow patterns. Numerical simulation is based on Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS). The turbulent model uses the standard k-epsilon equation. Then the volume of fluid sub-models used is open channel flow. The number of eulerian phases is two. Moreover,  formulation of the volume fraction parameters used is an implicit body force. The results show that monohull type U is better than others in easiest to bring ocean waste closer to the conveyor and smallest resistance force. Then symmetric trimaran is faster than others in making ocean waste flow to the conveyor.