bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Stellar Activity for Slow Antisolar Differential Rotation?
Authors: Brandenburg Axel , Giampapa Mark S.
Published: March 2018

High-precision photometry of solar-like members of the open cluster M67 with Kepler/K2 data has recently revealed enhanced activity for stars with a large Rossby number, which is the ratio of rotation period to the convective turnover time. Contrary to the well established behavior for shorter rotation periods and smaller Rossby numbers, the chromospheric activity of the more slowly rotating stars of M67 was found to increase with increasing Rossby number. Such behavior has never been reported before, although it was theoretically predicted to emerge as a consequence of antisolar differential rotation (DR) for stars with Rossby numbers larger than that of the Sun, because in those models the absolute value of the DR was found to exceed that for solar-like DR. Using gyrochronological relations and an approximate age of 4 Gyr for the members of M67, we compare with computed rotation rates using just the B − V color. The resulting rotation–activity relation is found to be compatible with that obtained by employing the measured rotation rate. This provides additional support for the unconventional enhancement of activity at comparatively low rotation rates and the possible presence of antisolar differential rotation.
The First Hours of the GW170817 Kilonova and the Importance of Early Optical and Ultraviolet Observations for Constraining Emission Models
Authors: Arcavi Iair
Published: March 2018

The kilonova associated with GW170817 displayed early blue emission, which has been interpreted as a signature of either radioactive decay in low-opacity ejecta, relativistic boosting of radioactive decay in high-velocity ejecta, the cooling of material heated by a wind or by a “cocoon” surrounding a jet, or a combination thereof. Distinguishing between these mechanisms is important for constraining the ejecta components and their parameters, which tie directly into the physics we can learn from these events. I compile published ultraviolet, optical, and infrared light curves of the GW170817 kilonova and examine whether the combined data set can be used to distinguish between early-emission models. The combined optical data show an early rise consistent with radioactive decay of low-opacity ejecta as the main emission source, but the subsequent decline is fit well by all models. A lack of constraints on the ultraviolet flux during the first few hours after discovery allows for both radioactive decay and other cooling mechanisms to explain the early bolometric light curve. This analysis demonstrates that early (few hours after merger) high-cadence optical and ultraviolet observations will be critical for determining the source of blue emission in future kilonovae.
Baryon Budget of the Hot Circumgalactic Medium of Massive Spiral Galaxies
Authors: Li Jiang-Tao , Bregman Joel N. , Wang Q. Daniel , Crain Robert A. , Anderson Michael E.
Published: March 2018

The baryon content around local galaxies is observed to be much less than is needed in Big Bang nucleosynthesis. Simulations indicate that a significant fraction of these “missing baryons” may be stored in a hot tenuous circumgalactic medium (CGM) around massive galaxies extending to or even beyond the virial radius of their dark matter halos. Previous observations in X-ray and Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) signals claimed that ∼(1–50)% of the expected baryons are stored in a hot CGM within the virial radius. The large scatter is mainly caused by the very uncertain extrapolation of the hot gas density profile based on the detection in a small radial range (typically within 10%–20% of the virial radius). Here, we report stacking X-ray observations of six local isolated massive spiral galaxies from the CGM-MASS sample. We find that the mean density profile can be characterized by a single power law out to a galactocentric radius of ≈200 kpc (or ≈130 kpc above the 1σ background uncertainty), about half the virial radius of the dark matter halo. We can now estimate that the hot CGM within the virial radius accounts for (8 ± 4)% of the baryonic mass expected for the halos. Including the stars, the baryon fraction is (27 ± 16)%, or (39 ± 20)% by assuming a flattened density profile at r ≳ 130 kpc. We conclude that the hot baryons within the virial radius of massive galaxy halos are insufficient to explain the “missing baryons.”
The lichens of the Alps – an annotated checklist
Authors: Nimis Pier Luigi , Hafellner Josef , Roux Claude , Clerc Philippe , Mayrhofer Helmut , Martellos Stefano , Bilovitz Peter O.
Published: March 2018

This is the first attempt to provide an overview of the lichen diversity of the Alps, one of the biogegraphically most important and emblematic mountain systems worldwide. The checklist includes all lichenised species, plus a set of non- or doubtfully lichenised taxa frequently treated by lichenologists, excluding non-lichenised lichenicolous fungi. Largely based on recent national or regional checklists, it provides a list of all infrageneric taxa (with synonyms) hitherto reported from the Alps, with data on their distribution in eight countries (Austria, France, Germany, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Italy, Slovenia, Switzerland) and in 42 Operational Geographic Units, mostly corresponding to administrative subdivisions within the countries. Data on the main substrates and on the altitudinal distribution are also provided. A short note points to the main ecological requirements of each taxon and/or to open taxonomic problems. Particularly poorly known taxa are flagged and often provided with a short description, to attract the attention of specialists. The total number of infrageneric taxa is 3,163, including 117 non- or doubtfully lichenised taxa. The richness of the lichen biota fairly well corresponds with the percent of the Alpine area occupied by each country: Austria (2,337 taxa), Italy (2,169), France (2,028), Switzerland (1,835), Germany (1,168), Slovenia (890) and Lichtenstein (152), no lichen having ever been reported from Monaco. The number of poorly known taxa is quite high (604, 19.1% of the total), which indicates that, in spite of the Alps being one of the lichenologically most studied mountain systems worldwide, much work is still needed to reach a satisfactory picture of their real lichen diversity. Thirteen new combinations are proposed in the generaAgonimia,Aspicilia,Bagliettoa,Bellemerea,Carbonea,Lepra,Miriquidica,Polysporina,Protothelenella,PseudosagediaandThelidium.
A new genus of minute Sparianthinae spiders from the Caribbean (Araneae, Sparassidae)
Authors: Rheims Cristina , Alayón Giraldo
Published: March 2018

The monotypic genus Diminutella gen. n. is proposed to include the type species, Diminutella cortina sp. n., described from San Diego de los Baños, based on male and female specimens. This species is amongst the smallest Sparianthinae known to date reaching only 4.4 mm body length. It can be distinguished from other Sparianthinae by the combination of eye arrangement, with anterior eye row recurved, posterior eye row straight, spination pattern of legs I–II, with three ventral pairs on tibiae and one on metatarsi, and by the peculiar genitalia, with male palps bearing a large, laminar, layered conductor that rests within a retrolateral depression in the cymbium, and a female vulva with long copulatory ducts coiled around the stalk of a globose blind ending appendage.
Small terrestrial mammals of Albania: distribution and diversity (Mammalia, Eulipotyphla, Rodentia)
Authors: Bego Ferdinand , Saçdanaku Enerit , Pacifici Michela , Rondinini Carlo
Published: March 2018

In this paper new records are reported for 23 species of small terrestrial mammals (STM) of Albania collected during the field work campaigns organised in the framework of the project “Strengthening capacity in National Nature Protection – preparation for Natura 2000 network” (NaturAL) in Albania during the summer and autumn of 2016 and 2017 Data on small mammals were primarily collected through Sherman live-trapping campaigns in six high priority protected areas of Albania: Korab-Koritnik, Bredhi i Hotovës, Tomorri, Llogara-Karaburun, Divjakë-Karavasta, Liqeni i Shkodrës (Skadar lake), Lëpushë-Vermosh. Other data were obtained by analysis of owl pellets or by direct observation of individuals (dead or alive) in the field. For 21 speciesErinaceus roumanicus,Neomys anomalus,Crocidura suaveolens,Crocidura leucodon,Suncus etruscus,Talpa stankovici/caeca,Myocastor coypus,Sciurus vulgaris,Glis glis,Dryomys nitedula,Muscardinus avellanarius,Microtus levis/arvalis,Microtus subterraneus,Microtus thomasi,Microtus felteni,Myodes glareolus,Apodemus sylvaticus,Apodemus flavicollis,Apodemus epimelas,Mus musculus, andMus macedonicusadditional records are provide and their distributions reviewed, while the presence of two new species of shrews (Sorex araneusandSorex minutus) for Albania is reported for the first time. A comprehensive review of the published and unpublished distribution records of STM species of the country is made, together with an updated checklist and distribution maps of the species.
Identification of MHC Class Ib Ligands for Stimulatory and Inhibitory Ly49 Receptors and Induction of Potent NK Cell Alloresponses in Rats
Authors: Dai Ke-Zheng , Ryan James C. , Naper Christian , Vaage John T.
Published: March 2018

Early studies indicate that rats may have a repertoire of MHC class Ib–reactive Ly49 stimulatory receptors capable of mounting memory-like NK cell alloresponses. In this article, we provide molecular and functional evidence for this assumption. Pairs of Ly49 receptors with sequence similarities in the lectin-like domains, but with opposing signaling functions, showed specificity for ligands with class Ia–like structural features encoded from the first telomeric MHC class Ib gene cluster, RT1-CE, which is syntenic with the H2-D/H2-L/H2-Q cluster in mice. The activating Ly49s4 receptor and its inhibitory counterparts, Ly49i4 and Ly49i3, reacted with all allelic variants of RT1-U, whereas Ly49s5 and Ly49i5 were specific for RT1-Eu. NK cell cytolytic responses were predictably activated and inhibited, and potent in vivo NK alloresponses were induced by repeated MHC class Ib alloimmunizations. Additional Ly49–class Ib interactions, including RT1-Cl with the Ly49s4/Ly49i4/Ly49i3 group of receptors, were characterized using overexpressed receptor/ligand pairs, in vitro functional assays, and limited mutational analyses. Obvious, as well as subtle, Ly49–class Ib interactions led to ligand-induced receptor calibration and NK subset expansions in vivo. Together, these studies suggest that in vivo NK alloresponses are controlled by pleomorphic Ly49–class Ib interactions, some of which may not be easily detectable in vitro.
Civic and political rights of the Batwa ethnic minority in local governance at village level: The case of Kanungu District
Authors: Kibukamusoke Martha , Alemiga Jimmy
Published: March 2018

Since the 1970s, the Batwa ethnic minority group has been considered as a less superior group of human beings. They were forcefully evicted from the forest around Echuya Forest Reserve in Kisoro and Kabale districts of South-Western Uganda. The Batwa in Uganda are one of the most defenceless (vulnerable), marginalised, voiceless (powerless) and endangered ethnic minority group in the districts they live in. In turn, their civic and political rights (the right to vote and the right to be voted) in local council (LC) elections have been ignored partly because of poor sensitisation to and awareness of the Batwa people by all stakeholders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the civic and political rights of the Batwa people in Uganda. The key questions to be addressed include: 1. Is the Batwa ethnic minority group aware of the right to vote in Local Council 1 elections in the communities?2. Is the Batwa ethnic minority group aware of the right to be voted for in Local Council 1 elections in their communities?
Theology and practice of Christ Apostolic Church on Bible inspiration and its authority in the context of Evangelical theology
Authors: Folarin George O.
Published: March 2018

The motivation for this study originated from a review of literature which led the current researcher to the realisation that not much critical study has been performed on the theology and practice of Bible inspiration and its authority in Christ Apostolic Church (CAC). This article set out to identify the tenet of faith of the church on inspiration and authority of the Scriptures, locate this tenet in the context of Evangelical theology and compare the initial understanding of the concept of Bible inspiration in CAC with the way it is perceived by the church members today. Primary sources of data for the work comprised the Bible, editions of CAC constitution and structured interviews. Secondary sources of data comprised Bible commentaries, books, journal articles and the Internet. Data collected were analysed using Conservative Evangelical theological framework. The study discovered that CAC held to word-for-word inerrancy of the Scriptures, even of its vernacular translations, and its binding authority on Christians in all areas of their lives. The study revealed that the belief of CAC on Bible inspiration and its authority located CAC at the centre of Evangelical theology which researchers have identified as inerrancy. Finally, the study discovered that the initial position of CAC on the inspiration and authority of the Bible remained the same as held by contemporary members of the church. The work provides theological relevance for the study of one of the doctrines of Pentecostalism in Nigeria.
Incremental Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Further Characterizing Hypodense Mediastinal and Paracardiac Lesions Identified on Computed Tomography
Authors: Chaturvedi Abhishek , Gange Chris , Sahin Hakan , Chaturvedi Apeksha
Published: March 2018

Mediastinal and paracardiac lesions are usually first diagnosed on a chest radiograph or echocardiogram. Often, a computed tomography is obtained to further delineate these lesions. CT may be suboptimal for evaluation of enhancement characteristics and direct extension into the adjacent mediastinal structures. With its intrinsic superior soft-tissue characterization, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can better delineate these lesions, their internal tissue characteristics, and identify adhesion/invasion into adjacent structures. This pictorial essay provides a brief synopsis of the key MRI sequences and their utility in further characterizing mediastinal and paracardiac lesions.
Haemoseal Spray for Nonvariceal Gastrointestinal Bleeding: An Initial Experience from India
Authors: Sonthalia Nikhil , Jain Samit , Pawar Vinay , Pawar Sunil , Surude Ravindra , Rathi Pravin M. , Contractor Qais
Published: March 2018

Background and Aims: The aim was to reflect the use and effectiveness of Haemoseal spray as a treatment option in gastrointestinal (GI) bleed in everyday gastroenterology practice. Materials and Methods: This was a single‑center, retrospective observational study conducted over a period of 12 months from January 2016 to December 2016. Consecutive patients of upper or lower GI bleed where haemoseal powder was used either as salvage therapy after a failed hemostasis or as an add‑on to the standard methods or as monotherapy were identified and analyzed. Results: Of 284 patients with GI bleed, haemoseal spray was used in 20 (7.04%) patients. Bleeding was due to duodenal ulcer in 7 (35%), gastric ulcer 3 (15%), esophageal ulcer 2 (10%), colonic postpolypectomy bleed 2 (10%), gastric carcinoma 2 (10%), Mallory‑Weiss tear 1 (5%), postsphincterotomy bleed 1 (5%), gastric antral vascular ectasia 1 (5%), and portal hypertensive gastropathy 1 (5%). The nature of bleed was oozing in 17 (85%) and spurting in 3 (15%). Initial hemostasis when used as monotherapy was seen in 3/3, as add‑on therapy in 6/6, and as salvage therapy in 9/11 patients. Rebleed was seen in 4 (20%) and 30‑day mortality was seen in 2 (10%) patients. Rebleed rate at day 7 was more in monotherapy cases; however, the difference was not statistically significant (33.33% vs. 16.66% vs. 18.18%, P = 0.819). Conclusion: Haemoseal spray is an effective hemostatic agent in various clinical situations with GI bleeding, especially when used as salvage therapy or as add‑on therapy.
Air, Air Everywhere‑ A Rare Entity
Authors: Singla Gazal , Sood Shikha , Sharma Sanjeev
Published: March 2018

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is a widely used diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. Gastric perforation causing pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, pneumorrhachis, and subcutaneous emphysema after upper GI endoscopy is an extremely rare complication. We present an interesting case of a 58‑year‑old male who presented to the Emergency Department with recurrent vomiting, abdominal pain and diffuse swelling over abdomen, chest, neck bilateral arms, and thighs after undergoing an endoscopy for a gastric mass.
Implementation Intentions for Self-Selected Occupational Therapy Goals: Two Case Reports
Authors: Radomski Mary Vining , Giles Gordon , Finkelstein Marsha , Owens Jenny , Showers Mark , Zola Joette
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVE. We evaluated the feasibility of an intervention combining metacognitive strategy instruction (MSI) with training in implementation intentions for adults with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Implementation intentions are written premade decision statements specifying when, where, and how goal behaviors are to be enacted.

METHOD. Two participants with mTBI received a six-session intervention that included setting a daily implementation intention for an occupational therapy goal. A scoring rubric was used to evaluate the quality of implementation intentions; goal achievement was measured using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and goal attainment scaling.

RESULTS. All implementation intentions received perfect quality scores, suggesting participants learned to correctly craft implementation intentions. Improvements in COPM self-ratings exceeded minimal detectable change values; goal attainment levels indicated better-than-expected goal achievement.

CONCLUSION. An intervention combining MSI and implementation intention training appears to be feasible. As an adjunct to MSI, implementation intentions may contribute to clients’ ability to achieve their own occupational performance goals. Further study is needed.
Development and Pilot Testing of the Dual Task Screen in Healthy Adolescents
Authors: Stephens Jaclyn , Nicholson Rachel , Slomine Beth , Suskauer Stacy
Published: March 2018

Athletes with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) should refrain from high-risk activities until recovered (symptom free and cognitive and physical exam findings normalize). Studies have suggested that this examination may not be sufficiently sensitive because dual-task paradigms, which typically assess motor performance while a person simultaneously completes a distractor task, can detect residual deficits in athletes who otherwise appear recovered from mTBI. Paradigms used to date are time-intensive procedures conducted in laboratory settings. Here, we report findings from a pilot study of the Dual Task Screen (DTS), which is a brief evaluation with two dual-task paradigms. In 32 healthy female adolescents, the DTS was administered in a mean of 5.63 min in the community, and every participant had poorer dual-condition performance on at least one of the motor tasks. The DTS is a clinically feasible measure and merits additional study regarding utility in adolescents with mTBIs.
Toward resolving the mysterious budget discrepancy of ozone-depleting CCl4: An analysis of top-down emissions from China
Authors: Park Sunyoung , Li Shanlan , Mühle Jens , O'Doherty Simon , Weiss Ray F. , Fang Xuekun , Reimann Stefan , Prinn Ronald G.
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Emissive production and use of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), one of the first-generation ozone-depleting substances, have been banned by the Montreal Protocol with the 2010 phase-out for developing countries, but production and consumption for non-dispersive use as a chemical feedstock and as process agent are still allowed. Here, we present evidence that significant unreported emissions of CCl4 still persist, based on the high frequency and magnitude of CCl4 pollution events observed in the 8-year real time atmospheric measurement record at Gosan station, a regional background monitoring site in East Asia. From this we estimate top-down emissions of CCl4 amounting to 23.6 ± 7.1 Gg yr−1 from 2011 to 2015 for China, in contrast to the 4.3–5.2 Gg yr−1 reported as the most up-to-date post-2010 Chinese bottom-up emissions. The missing emissions (~ 19 Gg yr−1) for China are highly significant, contributing about 54 % of global CCl4 emissions. We show that 89 ± 6 % of the CCl4 enhancements observed at Gosan can be accounted for by fugitive emissions of CCl4 occurring at the factory level during the production of CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CHCl3 and C2Cl4 (PCE) and feedstock and solvent use in chemical manufacturing industries. Thus, it is crucial to implement technical improvements and better regulation strategies to reduce the evaporative losses of CCl4 occurring at the factory and/or process level.
faSavageHutterFOAM 1.0: Depth-integrated simulation of dense
snow avalanches on natural terrain with OpenFOAM
Authors: Rauter Matthias , Kofler Andreas , Huber Andreas , Fellin Wolfgang
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Numerical models for dense snow avalanches have become a central part in hazard zone mapping and mitigation. Several commercial and free applications, which are used on a regular basis, implement such models. In this study we present a tool based on the open-source toolkit OpenFOAM® as an alternative to the established solutions. The proposed tool implements a depth-integrated shallow flow model in accordance to current practice. The solver combines advantages of the extensive OpenFOAM infrastructure with popular models from the avalanche community. OpenFOAM allows assembling of custom physical models with build-in primitives and implements the numerical solution at a high level. OpenFOAM supports an extendable solver structure, making the tool well-suited for future developments and rapid prototyping. We introduce the basic solver, implementing an incompressible, single-phase model for natural terrain, including entrainment. The respective workflow, consisting of meshing, pre-processing, numerical solution and post-processing, is presented. We demonstrate data transfer from and to a geographic information system (GIS), to allow a simple application in practice. The tool-chain is based entirely on open-source applications and libraries and can be easily customized and extended. Simulation results for a well documented avalanche event are presented and compared to previous numerical studies and historical data.
Sunlight, Clouds, Sea Ice and Albedo: The Umbrella Versus the
Blanket
Authors: Perovich Donald K.
Published: March 2018

Abstract. The surface radiation budget plays a central role in summer ice melt and is governed by clouds and surface albedo. I calculated the net radiation flux for a range of albedos under sunny and cloudy skies and determined the break-even value, where the net radiation is the same for cloudy and sunny skies. Break-even albedos range from 0.30 in September to 0.58 in July. For snow covered or bare ice, sunny skies always result in less radiative heat input. In contrast, leads always have, and ponds usually have, more radiative input under sunny skies than cloudy skies. Snow covered ice has a net radiation flux that is negative or near zero under sunny skies, resulting in radiative cooling. Areally averaged albedos for sea ice in July result in a smaller net radiation flux under cloudy skies. For the other four months, the net radiation is smaller under sunny skies.
A REPRODUTIVIDADE DE VALORES ÉTICOS POR MEIO DAS PRÁTICAS DOCENTE
Authors: Paulo Joao Pedro Antunes de
Published: March 2018

O interesse central deste texto é discutir a reprodutividade de valores éticos a partir de uma outra perspectiva de formação e prática docente. Tomando como fundamentação teórica o Modelo dos Campos Semânticos, apresentamos um outro pressuposto de comunicação: comunicação como um processo de compartilhamento de direções de interlocução, para dar visibilidade a nossa perspectiva de formação de professores. Apontamos então aspectos para se pensar as práticas docentes a partir desta perspectiva e como os valores éticos, entendidos como patrimônio cultural, são reproduzidos (ou não) por meio de determinadas práticas. Apresentamos por fim, as contribuições que as noções de estranhamento e descentramento, tomadas do referencial teórico, podem trazer para a formação inicial de professores.
GRAMSCI EDUCADOR: UMA LEITURA DAS CARTAS A DELIO E GIULIANO (1929-1937)
Authors: Gomes Jarbas Mauricio
Published: March 2018

Este texto analisa o pensamento educacional do intelectual italiano Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937) e analisa o teor educativo de um conjunto de 43 Cartas redigidas por Gramsci entre 1929 e 1937 e destinadas aos seus filhos Delio e Giuliano. As reflexões que Gramsci desenvolveu com os filhos nas Cartas do Cárcere retomam as notas e os temas dos Cadernos do Cárcere, em especial a sua concepção de educação e de escola unitária. Nas cartas aos filhos Gramsci evidenciou o papel formativo da disciplina de estudos e destacou a importância e o papel de uma educação voltada ao desenvolvimento físico e intelectual do indivíduo por meio de uma formação de cultura geral.
A Longitudinal Study of Child Development in Children Enrolled in Brazilian Public Daycare Centers
Authors: Anunciacao Luis , Squires Jane , Landeira-Fernandez J.
Published: March 2018

A longitudinal research study was conducted that examined aspects of child development in children who were enrolled in public daycare centers in Brazil. The participants were 596 children (1-3 years old, n = 51; 2-4 years old, n = 545) who were enrolled in 198 public daycare centers in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal-social domains were assessed using the Brazilian version of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, 3rd edition, adapted for public child daycare centers. A Bayesian robust regression model was performed to check for gender and age differences and interactions. The findings indicated main effects of gender and age. Females had higher scores than males in the communication and personal-social domains. No interactions were found, suggesting the absence of moderation effects between age and gender. This study provides information about child development, especially in children who are enrolled in public daycare centers in Brazil.
The Actuality of Philosophy Thought Over Once Again
Authors: Colapietro Vincent M.
Published: March 2018

This article elaborates a deceptively simple suggestion made by Hegel (philosophy is the activity of thinking things over). It relates Hegel's suggestion above all to Dewey's stress on looking back, looking around, and looking ahead. In this endeavor the article touches upon two seemingly contradictory facets of philosophical thought—the autonomy and heteronomy of such thought (on the one hand, the apparent capacity of philosophy not only to transcend its time and place but also to unfold according to its own immanent logic and, on the other hand, the manifest entanglement of philosophy with historical circumstances) (West 1989, 7–8). To a greater extent, however, the article focuses on the dramatic character of philosophical efforts to think things over, once again. The drive to think things over is frequently rooted in historical crises, in experiential conflicts. The actuality of philosophy cannot be adequately understood apart from such dramas and conflicts, ones taking place far outside the studies and classrooms of thinkers.
Academic Philosophy and the Pursuit of Genuine Dialogue: Embracing Radical Friction
Authors: de Castillo Lori Gallegos
Published: March 2018

Academic philosophy's lack of diversity is of concern because it results in a discipline that does not adequately reflect or address the experiences, concerns, and perspectives of many people outside of the dominant demographic. In this article, I examine some of the practical and psychological challenges of entering into dialogue with thinkers whose background knowledge, culture, life experiences, and/or methodologies generate philosophical thought that is radically different from one's own. I contend that in order to build a discipline that is more genuinely dialogical, academic philosophers should embrace this challenging tension between incommensurable worlds of sense. Specifically, I consider how the philosophical practice of translating foreign concepts into terms that have meaning for us might be carried out in a way that preserves radical friction. I warn of the risk of projecting our ideas onto those whose worldviews are incompatible with our own, and I offer strategies for navigating this risk.
Trump, Propaganda, and the Politics of Ressentiment
Authors: Wimberly Cory
Published: March 2018

This article frames Trump's politics through a genealogy of propaganda, going back to P. T. Barnum and crowd psychologist Gustave Le Bon in the nineteenth century and the public relations counsel Edward Bernays in the twentieth. This genealogy shows how propaganda was developed by eager professionals as a tool to govern the unruly lower classes. Trump's propaganda presents a break, in that he has not only removed professionals from their role mediating the conduct of the lower classes for elites, but he has mobilized it as a force against them. His lower- and middle-class supporters may not materially benefit from Trump's form of propaganda, but they get psychological benefits, in that they get to vent their ressentiment on the professional class and see them too become the targets of propagandistic control. Ultimately, the conflict between working-class whites, those without college degrees, and professionals earns little for its participants and occludes the role that elites play in class dynamics in the United States. This article adds substance and context to the claims that Trump's appeal is antiprofessional while showing that the claims that his supporters are “voting against their interests” does not reflect the real psychological benefits many Trumpists get from supporting him.
In Praise of Pagan Virtues: Toward a Renewed Philosophical Pedagogy
Authors: Magada-Ward Mary
Published: March 2018

In this article, I argue that an essential part of our obligation as teachers and scholars of philosophy is to insist that the ultimate point of criticism is to foster the development of increasingly better explanations of natural and social phenomena. Doing so, moreover, requires that we cultivate in ourselves and our students a sense of gratitude for the very possibility of human flourishing and scientific advance. I illustrate these claims by showing how Dewey's analysis in Human Nature and Conduct is the sine qua non of a good explanation.
The Power of Words: The Biblical Abishag in Contemporary American Jewish Women’s Poetry
Authors: Koplowitz-Breier Anat
Published: March 2018

2 Kings 1:1–5, 14 recounts how a young virgin, Abishag the Shunammite, was brought to old King David to warm his cold bones. After the king’s death, Abishag functions as a pawn in Adonijah’s attempt to usurp his brother. Throughout the narrative none of Abishag’s emotions are revealed. Although numerous twentieth-century poets have addressed this biblical theme, I shall focus on those by American Jewish women poets. This approach is based on Hélène Cixous observation that “woman must write woman”—in this case, women poets giving a female figure the voice she is denied in the biblical text. Demonstrating Cixous’ argument that women’s writing and freedom is bound up with their sexuality, they use Abishag to find their way from silence and passivity into independence and sexuality. From Glück’s submissive “Abishag” (1975), the little-known biblical figure develops into an independent woman in charge of her own destiny (B. Holender, 1991; E. A. Sussman-Socolow, 1999; D. Walders, 2005), working her way from a mere “warming device” into a sexy woman who uses her sexuality to tease the king (S. Kaufman, 1984) or dreams of different sexual relations (L. Barrett, 2007), her sexuality being bound up with her independence (S. Skolnik, 2011).
Siembra directa: una alternativa para mejorar la sustentabilidad del cultivo de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) en el Perú
Authors: Gómez Pando Luz Rayda , Soplín Villacorta Hugo , Sosa Peralta Guillermo , Heros Aguilar Elizabeth Consuelo
Published: March 2018

En el Perú, el sistema de siembra de arroz al trasplante tiene altos costos de producción, y los riegos de inundación contribuyen a la emisión de metano. Existen otros sistemas de producción que mejorarían la sustentabilidad del cultivo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar los sistemas de siembra directa en seco (en hileras y al voleo) versus los sistemas de trasplante (sistema intensivo de cultivar arroz (SICA), trasplante en hileras y trasplante convencional), en la productividad del cultivar IR-43, y se realizó en condiciones del valle Jequetepeque, Trujillo-Perú. Se empleó el diseño de bloques completos al azar, con tres repeticiones. En las siembras directas en suelo seco se empleó la densidad de 80Kg ha-1.En los tratamientos del sistema al trasplante se colocaron los golpes a 0.25x0.25m. En el sistema intensivo de cultivar arroz se utilizaron plántulas de 15 días de edad y en los trasplantes en hileras; y en el convencional, plántulas de 30 días. Los mayores rendimientos se obtuvieron en la siembra directa y el sistema intensivo de cultivar arroz que rindieron 6.27, 6.19 y 6.13t ha-1, respectivamente. Los sistemas de trasplante en hileras y convencional alcanzaron los menores rendimientos con 4.17 y 4.14t ha-1, respectivamente. El sistema intensivo de cultivar arroz fue manejado con modificaciones de su concepción original, aplicándose fertilizantes minerales y uso de herbicidas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los sistemas de siembra directa son opciones viables para reemplazar, progresivamente, al sistema de trasplante.Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible, Vol. 6, 2017: 13-26
INFLUÊNCIA DOS EVENTOS EXTREMOS ENOS E AMO ENTRE 2003-2014 NO CLIMA E REGIMES DE FOGO NA GRAN SABANA, PARQUE NACIONAL CANAIMA, GUIANA VENEZUELANA.
Authors: Salazar-Gascón Ruth Estefania , Martins Ferreira Cassia De Castro
Published: March 2018

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a frequência e severidade das queimadas que aconteceram na Gran sabana (GS) entre 2003 e 2014 em relação: aos eventos climáticos extremos como ENOS (El Niño-La Niña/Oscilação do Sul) e AMO(Oscilação Multidecadal do Atlântico-Tropical norte) e às dinâmicas da vegetação na GS. Foram usados dados de focos de queimadas, pluviosidade, anomalias nas Temperaturas da Superficie do Mar (TSM) no Océano Pacífico e Atlántico e Imagens de satélites. Estimaram-se: correlações de Pearson (r) entre:  às frequências de queimadas VS as anomalias nas TSM e pluviosidade VS anomalias nas TSM; Índice Normalizado de Queimadas (INQ); Índice de Vegetação por Diferencia Normalizado (NDVI); frequência e extensão de cicatrizes de queimadas; e mudanças na cobertura do solos. Obteve-se que: AMO+ afeta a ubiquação da ZCIT e altera a Célula de Hadley incrementando as precipitações na GS; anomalias El Niño (La Niña) alteram a Célula de Walker, inibindo (promovendo) a pluviosidade e incremento (diminuição) na extensão dos períodos de secas; La Niña e AMO+ quando atuam em sincronia geram grandes volumes de precipitação; El Niño e AMO+ quando acontecem em sincronia diminuem o efeito do El Niño; secas prolongadas contribuem em: degradação dos sistemas arbóreos, expansão dos sistemas herbáceos e no incremento da frequência de queimadas; AMO e/ou La Niña contribuem na expansão dos sistemas arbustivos, e em menor grau a recuperação dos sistemas arbóreos; as distribuições das cicatrizes de queimadas se encontram associadas às mudanças nos padrões culturais de subsistência das populacionais locais. Conclui-se que a severidade e frequências das queimadas na GS são um processo multifatorial e multiescalar que acontecem como produto da sincronia de fatores ecossistêmicos (vegetação), sociais (proximidade aos centros populacionais) e climáticos (ENOS e AMO).
PREVISÃO HIDROLÓGICA DE CHEIA SAZONAL DO RIO XINGU,ALTAMIRA-PA
Authors: Dos Santos Franco Vania , Barreiros de Souza Everaldo , Meiguins de Lima Aline Maria , Leao de Sousa Adriano , Nascimento Pinheiro Amanda , Silva Dias Thaiane , Mota de Azevedo Franklin
Published: March 2018

No presente trabalho foram investigados os aspectos climatológicos do regime hidrológico do rio Xingu, incluindo a elaboração de um modelo estatístico de previsão das cheias sazonais no município de Altamira-PA. Os resultados mostraram que o pico das cheias ocorre entre os meses de março a maio (MAM) e a variabilidade fluviométrica é dependente da ocorrência de precipitação do rio Xingu (entre os estados do Pará e Mato Grosso), bem como dos padrões de temperatura da superfície do mar no Pacífico e Atlântico que influenciam nas bandas de nuvens convectivas da Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul e Zona de Convergência Intertropical. O modelo estatístico de previsão hidrológica do rio Xingu (Altamira-PA), desenvolvido através da regressão linear múltipla para prever a cota da cheia sazonal (MAM) levando em consideração as variáveis preditoras (explicativas) temperatura da superfície do mar e a precipitação, obteve resultado satisfatório, pois acompanhou bem a cota observada e, além disso, apresentou correlação significativa entre as varáveis e valor considerado adequado e bom para o coeficiente de Nash Sutcliffe, além de baixo erro.
CARACTERÍSTICAS DAS TEMPESTADES COM RAIOS NO LITORAL DO PARANÁ
Authors: Heilmann Armando , Fernandes Caroline , Leite Eduardo Alvim , Pinheiro Luciane Cristina
Published: March 2018

Considerando um período de dezenove anos de dados de descargas atmosféricas monitorados pela RINDAT, foi realizado um estudo das características das tempestades com raios no litoral do estado do Paraná. Um mapa de densidade de raios para este período mostrou as regiões com maior ocorrência de raios, particularmente em locais próximos da Serra do Mar. As cidades com maior densidade de raios apresentaram também uma maior tendência no aumento anual, quando comparadas às cidades com menor número de ocorrências de raios. Já a análise da quantidade de raios correlacionado com as estações do ano mostrou uma tendência de aumento na quantidade de raios nas estações quentes e pouca variação durante as estações mais frias dos anos. Além disso, os períodos do dia referentes aos fins de tarde e inícios de noite durante primaveras e verões apresentaram um número maior de raios, enquanto que durante os meses maios frios não foi constatado um ciclo diurno bem definido quanto a frequência de raios. O pico de corrente dos apresentou valores médios constantes entre as cidades do litoral do Paraná, com uma ligeira tendência de queda no decorrer dos anos, sendo este parâmetro utilizado também para o cálculo da estimativa do raio de atração dos raios na região. Os resultados obtidos foram relacionados aos fatores que influenciam a precipitação e a quantidade anual de raios como fenômenos marítimos e atmosféricos, temperatura da superfície e topografia, a fim de explicar a distribuição espacial dos raios no litoral do Paraná.
ANÁLISE DA TENDÊNCIA TEMPORAL DA PRECIPITAÇÃO PLUVIOMÉTRICA INTERANUAL E INTRA-ANUAL NO SEMIÁRIDO PERNAMBUCANO
Authors: Silva Elisabeth Regina Alves Cavalcanti , Galvincio Josiclêda Domiciano , Nascimento Katarina Romenia Pinheiro , De Santana Sidney Henrique Campelo , De Souza Werônica Meira , Costa Valéria Sandra de Oliveira
Published: March 2018

Para o entendimento das atuais tendências de variação da precipitação pluviométrica no semiárido pernambucano, análises estatísticas que indicam a variabilidade da intensidade e frequência da ocorrência de chuvas são importantes indicadores de modificação nos padrões climáticos. Por essa razão, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a tendência nos padrões de precipitação interanual e intra-anual ao longo de cerca de 4 décadas de período amostral (1970 a 2012) a partir de análises estatísticas. Foram utilizados dados diários de precipitação pluviométrica do município de Araripina-PE, processados através do software Climap 1.1, nos quais foram analisados as séries mensais, trimestrais e anuais da precipitação, desvio padronizado, o número de dias no ano com precipitação acima de 1mm, 10mm, 20mm e 30mm, bem como os métodos de análise de regressão linear e teste de Kendall-tau para verificar tendência nas séries de precipitação. O estudo demonstrou uma variação nos padrões de precipitação pluviométrica, em que os meses historicamente de maior precipitação até a década de 1970 (entre dezembro e abril) passaram a apresentar diminuição da precipitação, enquanto que os meses de menor precipitação (junho, julho e agosto), tiveram um acréscimo na ocorrência e no volume precipitado, o que coincidiu com o final da atuação negativa da Oscilação Decadal do Pacífico (ODP) e início da ODP positiva. Com isso, as chuvas têm se apresentado mais distribuídas ao longo do ano, o que é indicação de uma tendência de umidificação na região.
ANÁLISE DA PRECIPITAÇÃO PLUVIOMÉTRICA E A PRESENÇA DE NEVOEIROS NO ENTORNO PRÓXIMO DO RESERVATÓRIO DA USINA HIDRELÉTRICA DE DONA FRANCISCA EM AGUDO/RS
Authors: Hoppe Ismael Luiz , Wollmann Cássio Arthur
Published: March 2018

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar a precipitação pluviométrica e a presença de nevoeiros durante o ano de 2014 em dois pontos distintos, em escala mensal, no entorno próximo da represa da Usina Hidrelétrica de Dona Francisca, localizada no município de Agudo / RS. Para a realização da pesquisa foram selecionados dois pontos de amostragem. Assim, formam utilizados pluviômetros artesanais para a coleta da precipitação pluviométrica. Observa-se que diferença pluviométrica nos dois pontos da localidade estudada, tiveram as diferenças registradas, associadas não à presença dos reservatórios, mas à posição dos pontos em relação ao relevo circundante. Nesse contexto, ainda se fazem necessários estudos mais aprofundados na área, de modo a se compreender a complexidade da dinâmica do clima local destes locais e assim identificar uma possível alteração ocorrida da formação do reservatório.
Algumas questões antropológicas a partir do programa de inclusão racial da Universidade Federal do Paraná
Authors: Silveira Marcos Silva
Published: March 2018

Pretendo refletir a respeito do Programa de Inclusão racial da Universidade Federal do Paraná, localizada em Curitiba. Esta política pública teve início em 2004, junto a um grande debate em torno das consequências das mesmas, polarizando bastante o ambiente antropológico brasileiro. A UFPR apresentou-se como um espaço interessante para esta discussão, na medida em que, localizada numa região de maioria branca de origem europeia, passou a receber estudantes negros e indígenas, gerando uma série de situações de relacionamento entre estes novos alunos, professores e funcionários. Em um novo quadro de relações institucional, bastante tenso, característico das negociações de identidade étnicas em curso, é possível afirmar que o tema da identidade étnico racial se impõe a todos, obrigando a reconsiderações das nossas noções de pessoa e de cidadãos brasileiros, assim como de diversas expectativas em torno do tema das relações raciais e das identidades étnicas no Brasil contemporâneo
HOLMES, Douglas. 2014. Economy of Words: Communicative Imperatives in Central Banks. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 280 pp.
Authors: Scoz Pasteur de Faria Louise
Published: March 2018

Resenha de Economy of Words: Communicative Imperatives in Central Banks.
Ações Afirmativas para Estudantes Quilombolas: o processo de criação do Programa de Inclusão de Estudantes Quilombolas (PROINQ) na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT)
Authors: Lourenço Sonia Regina
Published: March 2018

O artigo é um relato da experiência das políticas de ações afirmativas para estudantes de comunidades quilombolas no estado de Mato Grosso, construídas a partir do ano de 2013 na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Descrevo a criação do Programa de Inclusão de Estudantes Quilombolas (PROINQ) como um processo aberto e plural, constituído com a participação intensa de diferentes representantes e lideranças quilombolas de 55 comunidades – reconhecidas pela Fundação CulturalPalmares como “comunidades remanescentes de quilombos” – e da comunidade universitária. Em setembro de 2017, quatro anos depois, a universidade abriu o primeiro processo seletivo específico para candidatos e candidatas de comunidades quilombolas do estado. Concluo com o entendimento de que as políticas públicas para a educação, para além do reconhecimento de que a sociedade brasileira épluriétnica, só se consolidam de forma plena quando se considera que o direito à igualdade não pode prescindir do direito à diferença.
Uma década de presença indígena na UFSCar
Authors: Cohn Clarice
Published: March 2018

O artigo retoma a primeira década de inclusão de estudantes indígenas na Universidade Federal de São Carlos para discutir, de um lado, suas condições institucionais e, de outro, os desafios que se expressam no que diz respeito em especial ao debate da interculturalidade, dos conhecimentos e das culturas indígenas, e dos estereótipos com que estes estudantes se defrontam. O texto ressalta as atuações políticas e acadêmicas indígenas na universidade, propondo modos de reconhecer nelas originalidades que nem sempre estavam previstas pela instituição. Tomando a experiência da autora em diversas frentes desse processo, desde a implantação, gestão e avaliação do Programa de Ações Afirmativas e do Vestibular Indígena, até a produção acadêmica e de eventos com os estudantes indígenas, o texto propõe um balanço ao mesmo tempo comemorativo e crítico.