bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological evaluation of the thoracic, lumbar and sacral column of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Borges Naida C. , Cruz Viviane S. , Fares Nadine B. , Cardoso Júlio R. , Bragato Nathália
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to describe the number of thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae in tridactyla through radiographic examinations associated with gross anatomy determination. For this purpose, 12 adult specimens of M. tridactyla were analyzed, assigned to the Screening Center of Wild Animals (CETAS), IBAMA-GO, and approved by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals (Process CEUA-UFG nr 018/2014). In the radiographic examinations the following numbers of thoracic (T) and lumbar (L) vertebrae were observed: 16Tx2L (n=7), 15Tx2L (n=3), and 15Tx3L (n=2). In contrast, the numbers of vertebrae identified by anatomical dissection were as follows: 16Tx2L (n=4), 15Tx2L (n=3), and 15Tx3L (n=5). This difference occurred in cases of lumbarization of thoracic vertebrae, as seen in three specimens, and was explained by changes in regional innervations identified by anatomical dissection and the presence of floating ribs (right unilateral=1, left unilateral=1 and bilateral=1), which were not identified by radiographic exams. Regarding the sacral vertebrae there was no variation depending on the methods used, which allowed the identification of 4 (n=1) or 5 (n=11) vertebrae. Thus, we concluded that there is variation in the number of thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae, in addition to lumbarization, which must be considered based on the presence of floating ribs, in this species.
PHYTOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF Ipomoea batatas EXTRACT , DETECTED THROUGH A NEW TYPE OF SANDWICH MICROBIOASSAY ON THREE SPECIES OF WEEDS
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ-ARO M. , HERNÁNDEZ-PÉREZ R. , GUADALUPE-TAPIA G. , GUILLEN-SÁNCHEZ D. , CASTELLANOS-GONZÁLEZ L.
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT Nowadays, it is very important for researchers to find alternatives that enable the development of a profitable agriculture and a clean environment, therefore, the strategy evaluated in the present study is geared towards the use of the allelopathic effect of many plants. The main objective was to assess the efficiency of a compound derived from extracts of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas on three weed species under controlled conditions. Different concentrations (1, 5, 10% w/v) were evaluated through a sandwich-type microbioassay in comparison with the traditional Petri dished culture technique. Both tests demonstrated the phytotoxic activity of aqueous extracts of I. batatas, which caused inhibition of germination of A. hybridus, P. oleracea and B. campestri. It was observed that use of the microbioassay allowed the optimization of resources used for analysis, required much less amounts of extracts and facilitated the analysis of a larger number of samples per unit of time. This offers a new economic and efficient alternative to quickly assess the phytotoxic effect of many donors’ species before field tests.
AUTOTOXICITY IN TOUGH LOVEGRASS ( Eragrostis plana )
Authors: FAVARETTO A. , SCHEFFER-BASSO S.M. , PEREZ N.B.
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT Autotoxicity in tough lovegrass has been analyzed in the field, but has never been tested in allelopathy bioassays. Therefore, this study aimed to verify and compare the autotoxicity of leaves and roots from aqueous extracts of tough lovegrass on its germination and early seedling growth. Extracts of green leaves (GL), senescent leaves (SL), and roots (R) at concentrations of 0.05, 0.15, and 0.25 g mL-1 were analyzed on how they affected seed germination and seedling growth. The extracts, regardless of the source or concentration of the material used, have significantly reduced germination percentage, index of germination speed, and root growth of seedlings of tough lovegrass. Effects on mean germination time and shoot length varied according to the origin and concentration of the extracts. GL, at concentrations 0.15 and 0.25 g mL-1, showed the most damaging effect. In tough lovegrass, autotoxicity is a mechanism that may be involved in the control of germination and plant growth, which could explain the distance between their clumps in the field.
STATUS OF THE INVASION OF A POACEAE SPECIES IN TROPICAL SEMIARID RESERVOIRS
Authors: ALVES R.M.A. , ALBUQUERQUE M.B. , BARBOSA L.G.
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT The species of the Urochloa genus, exotic and infesting in Brazilian waters, are known to be invasive and dominant, occupying from humid, shallow areas, and irrigation canals to margins of deep reservoirs. This paper hypothesis that less depth reservoirs have higher infestation rate and higher biomass of U. arrecta. The objectives were to measure the percentage of occurrence of exotic macrophyte U. arrecta in 40 ecosystems from the Mamanguape basin (Paraíba, Brazil) and determine the infestation of the species in two reservoirs. The acquired data were geo-referenced with the ArcGIS software (v. 9.3). A covariance analysis was performed using the R program (The R project is Statistical Computing). The results showed large spatial distribution of the species, indicating that reservoirs may act as steppingstones in the landscape, in a regional scale. The hypothesis of biotic acceptance is seen as a relevant factor in explaining the presence of the species with low percentage of occurrence in 37 out of the 40 sampled ecosystems, being observed only in areas prone to the colonization of native and naturalized macrophytes, in banks and points of lower declivity, in both spatial scales studied. Thus, factors such as environmental instability (promoted by intermittent or prolonged desiccation of the habitat), shadowing and declivity of the reservoirs synergistically acted on exotic and native species.
CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE IN Brachiaria decumbens AND Brachiaria ruziziensis SUBMITTED TO HERBICIDES
Authors: SILVEIRA R.R. , SANTOS M.V. , FERREIRA E.A. , SANTOS J.B. , SILVA L.D.
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT Different doses of herbicides can promote a differentiated physiological response in grasses of the same genus. This study has been proposed in order to evaluate physiological responses of B. ruziziensis and B. decumbens submitted to glyphosate and fluazifop-p-butyl. Treatments were distributed in a 2 x 6 factorial design with five repetitions, being two grasses: B. decumbens cv. Basilisk and B. ruziziensis with six doses of herbicides: 0.00; 0.25; 0.50; 1.00; 1.5 and 2.00 times the commercial dose recommended by manufacturers. At 7, 15, 21, and 30 days after herbicide application (DAA) chlorophyll luminous energy uptake efficiency was evaluated. Plants subjected to glyphosate at 7 days after application (DAA) showed minimum fluorescence of 270 and 245 quantum-1 electrons to B. ruziziensis and B. decumbens, respectively, levels increased by 350% when compared to the control, and at 15 DAA the treated plants have completely dried up. At 15 DAA, both forage species submitted to the fluazifop-p-butyl showed a 25% reduction in Fv/Fm ratio compared with the control and there was no significant difference between the lowest and highest doses applied. B. ruziziensis and B. decumbens are more sensitive to glyphosate than fluazifop-p-butyl. Regarding fluazifop-p-butyl, B. ruziziensis was more sensitive than B. decumbens and at 45 days after cutting B. decumbens plants submitted to doses up to 100 g ha-1 were able to regenerate their photosynthetic apparatus.
Crossrail programme organisation and management for delivering London’s Elizabeth line
Authors: Wright Simon , Palczynski Richard , ten Have Patrick
Published: August 2017

The Crossrail Act for an east–west railway across London was given royal assent in 2008 and construction started on what will become the new Elizabeth line in 2009. This paper looks at how Crossrail Limited, the client delivery organisation, was assembled, how it evolved and what programme and project management practices it deployed. Its objectives were to deliver the project Sponsors’ Requirements and maintain industry-leading performance for health and safety, environmental and sustainability performance as well as cost and schedule management on one of the UK’s most eagerly awaited and most complex pieces of infrastructure.
Matching Banks by Business Model, Geography and Size: A Dataset
Authors: Carlson Mark , Shatto Molly , Warusawitharana Missaka
Published: August 2017

In this note, we describe an algorithm, developed in Carlson, Shan, and Warusawitharana (2013), to match banks that are geographically close and are similar in size and business model. Concurrently, we also release a data set of matched banks obtained from applying this algorithm from 1998 to 2014, as well as some of the associated computer programs.
Firm Leverage, Labor Market Size, and Employee Pay
Authors: Zarutskie Rebecca , Dore Timothy E.
Published: August 2017

We provide new estimates of the wage costs of firms&#x27; debt. Our empirical approach exploits within-firm geographical variation in workers&#x27; expected unemployment costs due to variation in local labor market size and uses a large representative sample of public firms. We find that, following an increase in firm leverage, workers with higher unemployment costs experience higher wage growth relative to workers at the same firm with lower unemployment costs. Overall, our estimates suggest that a 10 percentage point increase in leverage increases wage compensation for the median worker by 1.9% and total firm wage costs by 17 basis points of firm value.
Management of electrical injuries
Authors: Vagholkar Ketan , Murarka Arpit , Shetty Sandeeta , Vagholkar Suvarna
Published: August 2017

With growing industrialization and mechanization of every household electrical injuries are becoming quite common. Electrical injuries are quite intricate with the damage caused. They cause not only external burns injury but a wide spectrum of visceral injuries which in many cases is difficult to diagnose and manage. Therefore, a sound understanding of the engineering aspects is pivotal in diagnosing and managing these cases. A brief review of the pathophysiology and management of electrical injuries is presented.
Feto-maternal outcome among pregnant females in block Hazratbal of district Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir: a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Rather Rouf Hussain , Nazir Umar , Samreen Sheema , Itoo Mohammad Saleem
Published: August 2017

Background: Pregnancy is a normal physiological state which a woman experiences at some point of her life. During pregnancy a woman may develop complications which pose a risk to both maternal and fetal health. Caesarean section is a surgical procedure in which incision is made through a mother’s abdomen and uterus to deliver one or more babies. The aim and objective of the study was to describe feto-maternal outcome among the study population in block Hazratbal, Srinagar.Methods: A community based longitudinal study was conducted in block Hazratbal (District Srinagar) for a period of 18 months. All the pregnant females attending the antenatal clinic at the subcenters and PHCs were included in the study and assessed for eligibility. The pregnant women enrolled in the study were examined again around 30 weeks, 37 weeks and once in postnatal period. Results: Only 2.6% were home deliveries. More than two-thirds (71.7%) of the study subjects delivered by LSCS and less than 2% of the study subjects delivered twins. Out of 391 children born 2 were born dead and 55.2% were of male gender. The mean gestational age at delivery was 38.56 weeks and the mean birth weight of neonates was 2.731 kg with only 4.9% LBW neonates. Conclusions: The percentage of institutional deliveries was good (97.4%) and the proportion of twins and male babies were within expected limits. The prevalence of LBW babies was only 4.9 against the national average of 28%. But the 71.7% caesarean section rate is too high and needs immediate attention by policy makers. Moreover both healthcare professional as well as general population need to be educated about the disadvantages of unnecessary caesarian sections.
A cross sectional study of clinical profile of deaf mute children at tertiary care center
Authors: Pawde Apurva , Chaurpagar Rajeshree , Aggarwal Sumit , Agrawal Arpana , Dabhekar Sandeep
Published: August 2017

Background: Hearing is necessary to learn language, speech and to develop cognitive skills. Hearing helps in developing child to learn, recognize sounds, identify objects, events and internalize concepts. Effects of hearing loss on the development of child’s ability to learn, to communicate and to socialize can be devastating. The study is planned with the aim to study clinical profile of deaf mute children and to identify ‘socio-demographic’ and ‘health’ profile of deaf mute children. This study shows distribution of various socio-demographic factors in deaf mute children and to study their clinical profile.

Methods: The present cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at OPD of ENT department, Government Medical College and Hospital, Akola, Maharashtra. Study was carried out for a period of two months, it’s included Deaf mute children from 2-12 years of age. 50 subjects were reported over the study of 2 months. For data collection demographic parameters, complete birth history including prenatal, perinatal and postnatal history was noted. Thorough clinical examination was carried out with special attention to branchial arch system.  

Results: There were 70% males compared to 30% females. Male: female ratio was 2.33: 1. Pneumonia (10%) and hyperbilirubinemia (10%) was the commonest health problem. In the study deafness were attributed to 38% genetic causes, 28% Non-genetic and idiopathic in 34% of children.

Conclusions: The age at detection of hearing loss is 0-2 yrs age at which if rehabilitation is done can benefit the child to the maximum. Delayed diagnosis of hearing loss can be explained on basis of community practices of neglecting delayed speech, lack of social awareness and partly due to absence of any active health surveillance in this aspect. Multistep protocol for hearing assessment and parental awareness about facilities of rehabilitation and accessibility of services should be emphasized.
Prevalence and clinical features of nasal septum deviation: a study in an urban centre
Authors: Sriprakash Vinnakota
Published: August 2017

Background: Considerably large nasal septum plays a critical role in the obstruction of the nasal cavity, leading to snoring, and other symptoms, aesthetic appearance of the nose, and increased nasal resistance. This study was performed with an aim to investigate the prevalence of nasal septum deviation in our geographical area.

Methods: 446 patients who attended the ENT department in the study period were evaluated for the nasal septum deviation. General demographic details were obtained from all of them. Detailed physical exam was performed on all the patients. Disposable nasal speculum and otoscope was used to observe the interior of the nasal cavity.  

Results: Out of 446 patients visiting the ENT department of our hospital, 138 (30.9%) of them had DNS. The C shaped NSD was the most common type to be encountered in our study, with 57 patients showing this disorder. Nasal obstruction was the predominant symptom observed in 119 (86.2%) of the patients, followed by rhinitis and nasal discharge (34.8%).

Conclusions: Deviated nasal septum is a very prevalent condition in our area, with severe symptoms such as nasal obstruction and rhinitis. Most of the patients had C shaped deviated septum.
Comparison of anterior nasal packing and absence of packing after rhinoplasty
Authors: Sriprakash Vinnakota
Published: August 2017

Background: Increased safety in the anesthesia and its techniques as well as the improved newer techniques, better outcome of this surgery have prompted many to undergo cosmetic surgeries such as rhinoplasty. The side effects observed are nasal obstruction, edema of the face, periorbital swelling and ecchymosis, which are of a great concern, and said to be aggravated with the anterior nasal packing.

Methods: 100 patients between 18-45 years of age, with nasal trauma were included in the study. Bilateral lateral osteotomies was performed in all patients, with anterior nasal packing done for control group and only external immobilization was done for the study group.  

Results: No statistical difference was found between the two groups with regards to age and sex. However, there was a significant difference in severity and duration of periorbital ecchymosis in the different groups. On the 3rd day after the operation, more than one half of the unpacked study group (58.0%) showed ecchymosis of grade 1 or less compared with only 14.0%. in the control group. On the 7th post-operative day however, both sides showed improvement to grade 1 or less in 98.0% and 40.0% of unpacked and packed sides, respectively.

Conclusions: Anterior nasal packing post rhinoplasty with lateral osteotomies plays a significant role in the resultant ecchymosis and it should be only used when necessary.
The CHilean Internal Migration (CHIM) database: Temporally consistent spatial data for the analysis of human mobility
Authors: Rowe Francisco
Published: August 2017

Changes in zonal boundaries and coding schemes severely compromise temporal comparison of data. In Chile, the Population and Housing census is the only comprehensive source of internal migration data, but municipal boundaries and occupation and industry sector coding schemes have undergone various changes which hamper the temporal comparability of census data. This paper presents the CHilean Internal Migration database developed by Rowe and Bell (2013) which provides a temporally consistent framework for the analysis of internal migration over a period covering twenty-five years from 1977 to 2002. Specifically, it offers a hierarchical system of 304 municipalities, 51 provinces and 13 regions, and 10 occupational groups and 11 industrial sectors which are temporally consistent over the 1977-82, 1987-92 and 1997-2002 census intervals. The database can be downloaded from: https://s3.amazonaws.com/geoda/data/CHIM.zip.
Do recalque ao realce: o enegrecimento da cultura popular brasileira e o jogo político das identidades
Authors: Mira Maria Celeste
Published: August 2017

Se há uma ideia resistente no pensamento social brasileiro, apesar de já ter sido algumas vezes desconstruída, é a que identifica a cultura popular – no sentido de tradicional ou folclórica – à essência da nacionalidade. No entanto, o que se considera como “cultura popular” pode mudar de acordo com as concepções dos agentes sociais que constantemente a reinterpretam. O objetivo deste artigo é pôr em discussão evidências encontradas na pesquisa de campo, realizada na cidade de São Paulo, entre 2003 e 2013, sobre os mediadores da “cultura popular”, a qual revelou a importância adquirida nesse meio pelas práticas culturais hoje denominadas “afrodescendentes”. Partindo da hipótese de que tal relevância estaria relacionada às lutas por reconhecimento empreendidas pelo movimento negro, sobretudo em seu aspecto cultural e artístico, o texto conclui que a matriz africana, dissolvida no momento da construção político-social da identidade nacional, ocupa no contexto em que a diversidade cultural torna-se imperativa, o mais forte apelo para a constituição da identidade/ marca Brasil.
Portraits sonores du Brésil : reconfiguration de l’industrie musicale et differenciation de la musique populaire bresilienne comme objet d’erudition
Authors: Rivron Vassili
Published: August 2017

A construção da “música popular brasileira“ como tradição emblemática, partilhada e valorizada por públicos diferentes, no Brasil e no estrangeiro, resulta de processos diversos no meio dos quais a produção radiofônica dos anos 30 a 60 tem um papel central. A reconfiguração da indústria musical no final deste período e os efeitos de geração aos quais são associados produziram estratégias originais pelas quais uma facção de atores deste meio diferenciaram a música popular como objeto de erudição específica, separado do folclore e da música erudita. Baseando-nos na análise das trajetórias de Paulo Tapajós e Almirante, artistas e produtores da dita “era do rádio“, mostraremos como nasceu uma categoria de “pesquisador da música popular”, associada à valorização de competências e linguagens musicais elaboradas no meio radiofônico, à mobilização de arquivos pessoais, à gênese de políticas patrimoniais e a estratégias coletivas de panteonização. Indagando a gênese de um movimento de resgate memorial, observaremos como está associado a processos de inovação cultural.
Diversidad genética de Hemileia vastatrix de dos Zonas productoras de café en el Perú
Authors: Quispe-Apaza Cinthia Sheila , Mansilla-Samaniego Roberto Carlos , López-Bonilla César Fernando , Espejo-Joya Rosa , Villanueva-Caceda Juan , Monzón Criss
Published: August 2017

Se analizó la diversidad genética del patógeno del café Hemileia vastatrix, a través de secuenciación de los espaciadores internos transcribibles del ADN ribosomal (ITS). El análisis se realizó en muestras de roya de 12 predios de dos zonas cafetaleras del Perú, Quillabamba (Cusco) y Villa Rica (Pasco). Se hallaron los índices de diversidad haplotípica y nucleotídica. Además, se determinaron las semejanzas entre las poblaciones analizadas por medio de una red de haplotipos. Del análisis, se determinó que ambas regiones productoras presentan valores altos de diversidad genética; sin embargo, la zona de Quillabamba albergó la mayor diversidad haplotípica de H. vastatrix (Hd = 0.977 +/- 0.012). Asimismo, la red de haplotipos permitió evidenciar la estructura de las poblaciones de H. vastatrix para cada zona, las que juntas se comportan como una gran población indiferenciada con presencia de haplotipos ancestrales a partir de los cuales se fueron generando nuevas variantes del hongo. También, se analizaron las secuencias de la región ITS de H. vastatrix peruanas y las almacenadas en el GenBank, no encontrándose distribución de las poblaciones por región geográfica; además, se determinó que las poblaciones de H. vastatrix peruanas presentan haplotipos similares a los de Colombia y a las razas II y XXII.
ADVOKAT SYARIAH DALAM MEDIASI PERKARA PERCERAIAN MENURUT MAQASHID AL SYARIAH
Authors: Hariyanto Erie , Ni’matunnuriyah Ni’matunnuriyah
Published: August 2017

The emergence of thinking about the role of profession sharia advocate in the mediation of divorce cases that is derived from a fact produced by the judiciary in solving the case of divorce, which is almost 100% is a conventional decision that essentially have a pattern of win or lose. It is rare to find a win-win solution. Yet the most important is when the judiciary is not only referred to as deciding cases, but also solve the case. One of the alternatives presented in solving the divorce case is based on the win-win solution, The problem to be studied in this article is how the duty and responsibility of sharia advocate profession within the framework of maqahid al syariah. Where the task of sharia lawyers in general is the same as the non-sharia advocate task that is to defend public interest (public defender) and client in upholding justice. But what distinguishes it from non-sharia advocates is in providing defense, counseling, and being authorized for and on behalf of his clients sharia advocates based on the principle of help-help, cling to the source of Islamic teachings. Second, the role of the advocate profession in the mediation of divorce cases should be submitted to a competent advocate, in this case is a sharia advocate. Advocates who have guidelines to always run their profession in accordance with the objectives of syara law (maqashid al syariah).
Exploring the Factor Structure of the Job Demands-Resources Measure With Patient Violence on Direct Care Workers in the Home Setting
Authors: Byon Ha Do , Harrington Donna , Storr Carla L. , Lipscomb Jane
Published: August 2017

Background and Purpose: Workplace violence research in health care settings using the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) framework is hindered by the lack of comprehensive examination of the factor structure of the JD-R measure when it includes patient violence. Is patient violence a component of job demands or its own factor as an occupational outcome? Method: Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted using a sample of direct care workers in the home setting (n = 961). Results: The overall 2-construct JD-R structure persisted. Patient violence was not identified as a separate factor from job demands; rather, two demand factors emerged: violence/emotional and workload/physical demands. Conclusions: Although the three-factor model fits the data, the two-factor model with patient violence being a component of job demands is a parsimonious and effective measurement framework.
Unidimensional and Bidimensional Approaches to Measuring Acculturation
Authors: Shin Cha-Nam , Todd Michael , An Kyungeh , Kim Wonsun (Sunny)
Published: August 2017

Background and Purpose: Researchers easily overlook the complexity of acculturation measurement in research. This study is to elaborate the shortcomings of unidimensional approaches to conceptualizing acculturation and highlight the importance of using bidimensional approaches in health research. Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis on acculturation measures and eating habits obtained from 261 Korean American adults in a Midwestern city. Results: Bidimensional approaches better conceptualized acculturation and explained more of the variance in eating habits than did unidimensional approaches. Conclusion: Bidimensional acculturation measures combined with appropriate analytical methods, such as a cluster analysis, are recommended in health research because they provide a more comprehensive understanding of acculturation and its association with health behaviors than do other methods.
Smeets, Ineke (2007). A grammar of Mapuche.
Authors: Mori Angel Corbera
Published: August 2017

Eis uma descrição abrangente da língua mapudungun ou mapuche (também conhecida como araucano) falada no território mapuche, em volta da cidade de Temuco, província de Cautín, Chile. Essa obra é fruto da versão ampliada e revista da tese de doutorado da pesquisadora Ineke Smeets, apresentada na Universidade de Leiden, em 1989, com base na pesquisa de campo desenvolvida entre os anos de 1977 e 1981. A obra está organizada em nove partes: 1) Introdução, 2) Fonologia e morfofonologia, 3) Morfologia e morfossintaxe do nome, 4) Sintagma nominal e sentenças nominais, 5) Morfologia e morfossintaxe do verbo, 6) Partículas, 7) Notas adicionais sobre a sintaxe, 8) Textos e 9) Dicionário mapuche-inglês.
CD161 Expression on Mucosa-Associated Invariant T Cells is Reduced in HIV-Infected Subjects Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy Who Do Not Recover CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Freeman Michael L , Morris Stephen R. , Lederman Michael M.
Published: August 2017

Background: Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a recently identified class of innate-like T cells that are involved in the mucosal immune response. MAIT cells are characterized by expression of TCR Va7.2 and CD161. In HIV infection, there is a profound early loss of MAIT cells from the circulation that never fully recovers, even after prolonged viral control with antiretroviral therapy (ART).Methods: We analyzed PBMCs from fresh whole blood from HIV-negative or ART-treated HIV-positive donors with full (Immune Success) or impaired (Immune Failure) CD4+ T- cell recovery by flow cytometry for T-cell markers, TCR Va7.2, and CD161. The PBMCs were cultured with or without TCR-mediated stimulation, and CD161 expression was assessed on Va7.2+ T cells. Interferon-g (IFNg) production was assessed by intracellular cytokine staining.Results: We found a decrease in the percentage of CD3+ T cells that expressed CD161 and the percentage of Va7.2+ T cells that expressed CD161, in HIV-infected individuals. We also found a significant increase in the percentage of T cells that were Va7.2+CD161- in immune failure compared to controls, accompanied by an increase in the percentage of Va7.2+CD161- T cells that express CD8+ in donors with immune failure, but not immune success. After TCR stimulation in vitro, Va7.2+ T cells reduced expression of CD161, yet Va7.2+ CD161- cells from immune failure donors retained the ability to express IFNg on stimulation.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that in immune failure patients, the reduction in peripheral MAIT cells is due, at least in part, to a loss in CD161 expression, and is not merely the result of trafficking into mucosal tissues or cell death. These CD161- cells retain their function.
Industry Payments to Physicians for Opioid Products, 2013–2015
Authors: Hadland Scott E , Krieger Maxwell S. , Marshall Brandon D. L.
Published: August 2017

Objectives. To identify payments that involved opioid products from the pharmaceutical industry to physicians.

Methods. We used the Open Payments program database from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to identify payments involving an opioid to physicians between August 2013 and December 2015. We used medians, interquartile ranges, and ranges as a result of heavily skewed distributions to examine payments according to opioid product, abuse-deterrent formulation, nature of payment, state, and physician specialty.

Results. During the study, 375 266 nonresearch opioid-related payments were made to 68 177 physicians, totaling $46 158 388. The top 1% of physicians received 82.5% of total payments in dollars. Abuse-deterrent formulations constituted 20.3% of total payments, and buprenorphine marketed for addiction treatment constituted 9.9%. Most payments were for speaking fees or honoraria (63.2% of all dollars), whereas food and beverage payments were the most frequent (93.9% of all payments). Physicians specializing in anesthesiology received the most in total annual payments (median = $50; interquartile range = $16–$151).

Conclusions. Approximately 1 in 12 US physicians received a payment involving an opioid during the 29-month study. These findings should prompt an examination of industry influences on opioid prescribing.
A Posterolateral Approach to the Scapula for Evacuation of a Subscapular Abscess
Authors: Christman-Skieller Claudia , McIntyre Lisa K. , Plevin Rebecca , Friedrich Jeffrey B. , Smith Douglas G.
Published: August 2017

Case:

We present the case of a subscapular abscess that was drained via a posterolateral approach to the scapula. Complete evacuation of the abscess was achieved, and the incisions healed without difficulty. There were no immediate postoperative complications from this approach.

Conclusion:

To our knowledge, a posterolateral approach for evacuating a subscapular abscess has not been described previously in the literature. Utilizing the internervous plane between the teres major and latissimus dorsi muscles, along with medial counterincisions, allows for safe drainage of this rare type of abscess.
Pregnancy-Related Ligamentous Laxity Mimicking Dynamic Scapholunate Instability
Authors: Miller Emily K. , Tanaka Miho J. , LaPorte Dawn M. , Humbyrd Casey Jo
Published: August 2017

Case:

A 29-year-old woman presented with spontaneous, isolated, total palmar scaphoid subluxation in the left hand approximately 6 weeks postpartum. She had a positive Watson scaphoid shift test, with an easily subluxable and reducible scaphoid unilaterally. She was diagnosed with scapholunate ligamentous laxity with dynamic instability. Approximately 4 months after stopping lactation, she had complete resolution of the scapholunate subluxation; there was no recurrence of symptoms over the next 5 years of follow-up.

Conclusion:

Women can have manifestations of pregnancy and lactation-related ligamentous laxity, including scapholunate instability, which may spontaneously resolve upon cessation of lactation.
Opioid Prescription and Usage in Adolescents Undergoing Orthopaedic Surgery in the United States
Authors: Dautremont Erin A. , Ebramzadeh Edward , Beck Jennifer J. , Bowen Richard E. , Sangiorgio Sophia N.
Published: August 2017

Background:

The proper use of opioid analgesia for postoperative pain management is controversial. While opioids are considered the standard of care for multimodal postoperative pain modulation in the United States, there is a lack of established protocols for prescribing opioids in adolescents undergoing outpatient orthopaedic surgery. The objective of this review was to identify and report on current literature on opioid prescription for pain management in adolescents undergoing all procedures, as well as in adults undergoing outpatient orthopaedic surgery.

Methods:

A comprehensive literature search using PRISMA guidelines was performed to identify all articles relevant to opioid use in adolescents for postoperative pain and in adults following outpatient orthopaedic procedures.

Results:

A total of 4,446 results were identified from databases and relevant journal web sites. Of these, 9 articles were selected that fit the criteria for review. Five studies discussed the dosage and type of opioids prescribed in adolescent populations, and 4 quantified patient self-administration in adult populations.

Conclusions:

Adolescent opioid pain management following outpatient orthopaedic surgery is not documented. Current recommendations for opioid prescription in adolescents lack support and are primarily based on adult dosages. Adult studies suggest that opioid medications may be overprescribed following outpatient orthopaedic surgery. These results clearly indicate that there is a pressing need for quantitative research on pain management following outpatient orthopaedic surgery in the adolescent population in the United States.

Clinical Relevance:

There appear to be no studies on self-administered opioid pain medication following orthopaedic surgery in an adolescent population, suggesting that there is no objective basis for the current prescription recommendations.
Temperature Transients Affect Reservoir–Pressure Estimation During Well Tests: Case Study and Model
Authors: Maizeret Pierre-David , Sidorova Maria , Lipovetsky Tatiana
Published: August 2017

This paper discusses how the pressure measured by the downhole gauges during a drillstem test (DST) is affected not only by hydrostatic, friction, or kinetic-energy pressure losses, but also by changes in temperature. In oil wells, the bottomhole temperature is decreasing when the pressure is building up after a flow period. The change in temperature is inducing a change in the wellbore-fluid density, itself affecting the bottomhole pressure. Most numerical-simulators modeling flow in pipes do not take into account this effect, because it is not significant for low- to moderate-productivity wells. In high-productivity wells, however, the temperature change can affect dramatically the bottomhole pressure measured above the reservoir, and the pressure can even decrease at the end of a static period. A mathematical model is presented to compute the pressure drop caused by the nonisothermal effects, and it can be used to correct the measurements. Field examples are discussed to illustrate this effect, and recommendations are made on how new technology can improve pressure measurements during well tests.

To measure the effects on the pressure measurements caused by the position of the gauges in the DST string, two gauge carriers were run in some well tests in deepwater wells offshore Brazil, one at the level of the tester valve and one below the packer, as deep as possible in the test string. The gauges could transmit data with a wireless telemetry system that allowed the operator to monitor in real time the pressure changes and the difference between the two sets of gauges.

In high-permeability wells, using the uncorrected pressure measured with a gauge 50 to 100 m above the reservoir, as is typically the case, can result in a wrong productivity index (PI) and, at times, in uninterpretable results. Locating pressure gauges as close to the reservoir as possible is crucial in high-permeability reservoirs, to minimize the measurement errors, but also to avoid misinterpretations when an obstruction forms below the tester valve. With the new wireless telemetry systems, it is possible to monitor in real time gauges mounted below the packer, much closer to the perforations than the standard gauges placed at the level of the tester valve, thus avoiding making wrong decisions during the test.

A long pressure-transient test could be uninterpretable because the gauges are at the wrong depth. Ideally, the pressure gauges should be placed in front of the perforations, but it is not always possible. Therefore, nonisothermal effects on pressure measurements during a well test need to be clearly understood and taken into account when designing and interpreting well tests, particularly in high-productivity reservoirs.
Elemental Micronutrient Content and Horticultural Performance of Various Vegetable Amaranth Genotypes
Authors: Byrnes David R. , Dinssa Fekadu F. , Weller Stephen C. , Simon James E.
Published: August 2017

Vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus sp.), a leafy vegetable crop consumed around the world, is actively promoted as a source of essential micronutrients to at-risk populations. Such promotion makes micronutrient content essential to the underlying value of this crop. However, the extent to which micronutrient content varies by effect of genotype is not clear, leaving breeders uninformed on how to prioritize micronutrient contents as the criteria for selection among other performance parameters. A total of 32 entries across seven Amaranthus species were field-grown and analyzed for Fe, Mg, Ca, Zn, yield, height, and canopy spread comprising 20 entries at New Jersey in 2013; 12 entries at Arusha, Tanzania, in 2014; and 20 entries at New Jersey in 2015. The genotype effect was significant in all trials for Fe, Mg, Ca, Zn, total yield, marketable yield, height, and canopy spread. The Fe content range was above and below the breeding target of 4.2 mg/100 g Fe in all environments except for New Jersey 2015, where all entries were found to accumulate in levels below the target. All entries in each of the environments contained levels of Ca and Mg above breeding targets, 300 mg/100 g Ca and 90 mg/100 g Mg. None of the entries in any environment met the Zn breeding target of 4.5 mg/100 g Zn.
Overexpression of a PIP1 Gene from Salicornia bigelovii in Tobacco Plants Improves Their Drought Tolerance
Authors: Sun Xiaobo , Deng Yanming , Liang Lijian , Jia Xinping , Xiao Zheng , Su Jiale
Published: August 2017

Aquaporin (AQP) proteins can transport water and other small molecules through cellular membranes and are one of the first targets of stress-induced signaling in plants. A number of AQP genes have been identified from glycophytes, and their functions have been studied. However, the reports on AQPs from halophytes and their precise role in abiotic stress response are still rare. In this study, we have identified a PIP1 subgroup AQP gene, designated SbPIP1, from the euhalophyte Salicornia bigelovii and characterized it by overexpressing in tobacco plants. SbPIP1 transcript was induced by cold, but suppressed by NaCl and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Transient expression of GFP (green fluorescent protein)-SbPIP fusion protein indicated its localization in the plasma membrane. Overexpression of SbPIP1 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants increased their drought tolerance. Leaf protoplasts from transgenic tobacco plants absorbed water more quickly than those from wild type (WT) plants when they were put into hypotonic solution. In addition, the transgenic tobacco plants possessed higher relative water content (RWC) and proline content, but lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and less ion leakage (IL) when compared with WT under the treatment of the different concentrations of PEG. Taken together, our results demonstrate that heterologous expression of SbPIP1 in tobacco plants confers them drought stress tolerance by reducing membrane injury and increasing the ability to retain water.
GESTÃO DO FLUXO DE PACIENTES EM INTERNAÇÕES RELACIONADAS AO PRONTO-SOCORRO: APLICAÇÃO DA METODOLOGIA KANBAN
Authors: Sousa Paulo Renato de , Muricy Marinês Da Silva , Simeão Erika Pimentel , Lima Edvaldo Silva , Braga Bruna Catão
Published: August 2017

Este estudo tem por objetivo descrever a implementação da Metodologia Kanban, associada ao protocolo de Acolhimento com Classificação de Risco de Pacientes (ACCR), como ferramenta de gestão de leitos e gestão do fluxo de pacientes na Unidade de Cuidados Especiais (UCE) do pronto-socorro (PS) do Hospital Santa Marta, localizado no Distrito Federal. A implementação do Kanban propõe a classificação de risco dos pacientes que recorrem ao pronto-socorro utilizando cores e objetiva reduzir o tempo de espera, as filas e o tempo de internação desses pacientes. Teorias e literatura especializadas foram utilizadas de modo a enriquecer a base da pesquisa.
INVESTIGAÇÃO DOS MÉTODOS DE CUSTEIO UTILIZADOS PELOS HOSPITAIS DO MUNICÍPIO DE NATAL/RN
Authors: Azevedo Yuri Gomes Paiva , Santos João Victor Joaquim dos , Gomes Anailson Marcio , Carvalho Daniele Da Rocha , Oliveira Ridalvo Medeiros Alves de
Published: August 2017

Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar os métodos de custeio utilizados pelas entidades hospitalares do município de Natal/RN. De acordo com o Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde, existem trinta e uma instituições cadastradas como hospitais gerais e especializados no munícipio de Natal/RN, dentre elas, treze concordaram em participar da pesquisa. A coleta de dados foi realizada, no período de abril a julho de 2014, por meio de entrevistas estruturadas com os gestores hospitalares. Para tratamento dos dados utilizou-se a análise descritiva e inferência estatística, através da realização do teste qui-quadrado. Os resultados demonstraram que, enquanto a maioria dos hospitais utiliza o método de custeio por absorção, apenas três utilizam métodos de custeio paralelos para a tomada de decisão, tendo em vista que dois hospitais utilizam o custeio variável e um o método ABC. Foram descritos pelos gestores como motivos para a não implantação desses métodos a falta de mão de obra especializada, alto custo e complexidade de implantação de um método de custeio, além de aspectos culturais da entidade.
PRONTUÁRIO ELETRÔNICO DO PACIENTE: ACEITAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIA POR PROFISSIONAIS DA SAÚDE
Authors: De Muylder Cristiana Fernandes , Carneiro Severino Dias , Barros Lousanne Cavalcanti , Oliveira Jeferson Gonçalves
Published: August 2017

Diversas inovações tecnológicas foram incorporadas no setor de saúde quanto ao controle e gestão de informações sobre histórico do paciente. Buscando atender as premissas propostas pelo modelo TAM, no contexto específico de gestão hospitalar, o problema de pesquisa foi: Como usuários de prontuário eletrônico do paciente percebem a utilidade e facilidade desta tecnologia em seu cotidiano? Pretendeu-se desenvolver estudo descritivo cujo objetivo foi descrever e analisar as variáveis que influenciam na percepção da utilidade e facilidade de uso de prontuário eletrônico do paciente, sob o ponto de vista dos profissionais da área da saúde da região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. O questionário eletrônico foi enviado a profissionais que atuam na área da saúde, por meio da técnica de snow ball e por acessibilidade e disponibilidade. Os resultados apontaram que ocorre utilidade percebida com o uso da tecnologia, sendo que alguns profissionais indicaram dificuldades de uso. Os resultados e discussões gerados nesta pesquisa, apesar das limitações, indicam a importância de novos estudos que envolvam a saúde e a importância da tecnologia para a sociedade.
A PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA SOBRE LEAN HEALTHCARE: REVISÃO E ANÁLISE CRÍTICA
Authors: Gohr Cláudia Fabiana , Oliveira Régis Tatyana Karla , Santos Luciano Costa , Brito Taíse Câmara , Sarmento Marcella Crispim
Published: August 2017

Embora a produção enxuta tenha sido originada na indústria, tem-se observado um crescimento de sua aplicação em serviços, destacando-se os serviços de assistência à saúde, na qual a produção enxuta é conhecida como lean healthcare. Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão crítica da literatura sobre lean healthcare. A abordagem metodológica foi a revisão sistemática e as bases de dados foram consultadas pela plataforma Web of Science. A busca resultou num portfólio de 61 artigos publicados entre os anos de 2000 a 2016. Constatou-se um predomínio de pesquisas empírico descritivas, as quais focaram os resultados em detrimento do método utilizado para implementação da produção enxuta. As técnicas enxutas mais abordadas foram o mapeamento do fluxo de valor e o kaizen. Grande parte das publicações analisou a aplicação das técnicas enxutas nos processos de linha de frente, destacando-se os processos cirúrgicos e de emergência. Houve predominância de implementações pontuais e de caráter operacional ao invés de implementações sistêmicas e de caráter estratégico, abrindo um amplo leque de possibilidades para pesquisas futuras.
Kualitas Layanan, Komunikasi Pemasaran, dan Persepsi Konsumen
Authors: Hudiyanto Hadir , Lindawati Lindawati , Susanti Ironia Vivie
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of service quality, marketing communications, and consumer perceptions of purchasing decisions. The collecting data through survey and questionnaire used the Likert method. The technique used to take samples was sample of random sampling. The analysis began by testing the validity and reliability to then proceed with the path analysis. The results showed that customer service and marketing communication simultaneously affected consumer perception, with a value of R ² = 0.658. Service quality, marketing communication and consumer perception simultaneously influenced the purchase decision with a value of R ² = 0.617.
Budaya dan Kualitas Kerja pada Perusahaan Manufaktur dan Eksportir Rotan
Authors: Aryanto Rudy , Rizma Syam
Published: August 2017

Cane (Calamus spp), also known as rattan, is an important non-timber forest product used extensively all over Indonesia as a raw material for making furniture, handicraft, and other household articles. The study aims to generate information on production and export industry of rattan furniture, identify problems, and recommend solutions. The general problem on rattan manufacture management is human resources especially working ethos and performance of employees. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of quality management and working ethos towards working performance of the employee at a rattan exporter and industry. Analysis method used are associative and Pearson correlation. The data collected from the employee towards quality management and working ethos, by filling out the questionnaire provided by using Likert scale that is effective to analyze the composition of the agreement and disagreement towards the statement on the questionnaire. The result achieved from this research is to learn the relation between quality management of working ethos, notify the relation between quality management and working ethos with working performance, and acknowledge the influence between quality management and working ethos, and working performance. The quality management has a low relation towards working performance. Working ethos has a strong relation with working performance. Quality management and working ethos has a strong relation towards working performance employees in rattan exporter and industry.