bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Функціонально-компетенційні характеристики органів конституційного контролю.
Authors: Garajayev J.
Published: May 2020

У роботі виявлені функціонально-компетенційні характеристики органів конституційного контролю. Автором обґрунтовано такі висновки: а) формулювання цілей діяльності органу конституційного контролю повинна бути лаконічною, а саме: кількість цілей не повинна перевищувати однієї – трьох; б) для досягнення поставлених цілей традиційно формулюється комплекс завдань; в) функції органів конституційного контролю – це основні напрямки діяльності цих органів; функції органів конституційного контролю змінюються набагато частіше, ніж їхні цілі і завдання; г) залежно від важливості на сучасному етапі суспільного і державного розвитку, функції органів конституційного контролю класифікуються на основні і додаткові; ця сама класифікація застосовується і до повноважень органів конституційного контролю, за допомогою яких конкретизуються функції; д) взаємозв’язок між такими функціонально-компетенційними характеристиками органів конституційного контролю, як функції і повноваження, рекомендується характеризувати з використанням поняття «компетенція».
Інтерпретація поняття «юридичний процес» у сучасній правовій доктрині
Authors: Kuprii V. M.
Published: May 2020

У статті розглянуто існуючі в сучасній загальнотеоретичній юридичній науці підходи до розуміння категорії «юридичний процес». На основі їх аналізу уточнено зміст досліджуваного поняття, а також виокремлено його суттєві ознаки.
Наукові погляди на проблемні питання гарантування діяльності органів фінансового контролю у фінансовому праві
Authors: Mandrychenko Yu. O.
Published: May 2020

У статті проаналізовано стан наукової розробленості проблем гарантування діяльності органів фінансового контролю у вітчизняній правовій науці. Узагальнено підходи вчених до розробки категорії «гарантії» і терміносистеми «органи фінансового контролю». Вказано на коло недосліджених питань, що дозволяє визначити пріоритетні напрямки їх вирішення у науковій площині та спонукає до уніфікованих розробок правових категорій.
Копенгагенські критерії як чинники розбудови європейської інтеграції
Authors: Falalіeіeva L. Н.
Published: May 2020

У статті проаналізовано Копенгагенські критерії як чинники та інструменти активізації європейської інтеграції; висвітлено порядок вступу до ЄС та виходу з нього; розкрито зміст «клаузули сусідства» як нововведення Лісабонського договору 2007 р.; приділено увагу особливостям формування європейської наднаціональної ідентичності та євроінтеграційним перспективам України.
The asymmetry of the resource configuration and its destructive impact on the capitalization of agribusiness
Authors: Gryshova I. , Shestakovska T.
Published: May 2020

This article explores the theoretical and methodological approaches to determining the asymmetry of the resource configuration and its destructive impact on the capitalization of the agricultural business. The analysis of the current state of the configuration of assets of the entities of an agricultural business has been made. The set of measures for decontamination of the destructive influence of the resource asymmetry on the capitalization of agribusiness has been proposed in the following fields: the improvement of the organization of logistics; the shortening of the operating cycle through the intensification of production; the acceleration of the process of shipping the products and the execution of settlement documents, etc.
The efficiency of the institutional assurance of the agricultural business economic capacity development
Authors: Cheran Ye. M.
Published: May 2020

The article substantiates the efficiency of the institutional assurance of the agricultural business economic capacity development. The ways and the institutional effect of the reformations in the agricultural sector have been defined. The aims of the state regulative policy under influence of the agricultural business have been revealed. The dynamics of the main rates changes of Ukraine’s agricultural business development efficiency has been analyzed.
Напрями трансформації технічного регулювання продукції в контексті імплементації положень економічної частини Угоди про асоціацію між Україною та Європейським Союзом
Authors: Shabelnyk L. Yu.
Published: May 2020

У статті порушується питання гармонізації національних стандартів України відповідно до вимог законодавства та потреб ринку. Проведено дослідження процесу становлення систем технічного регулювання країн Прибалтики як приклад послідовності здійснення перетворень. Приділено увагу етапізації переходу від «старих» до «нових» правил у законодавстві ЄС щодо стандартизації та сертифікації продукції.
Конституційно-правове поняття енергетичної безпеки України
Authors: Tsybka A. A.
Published: May 2020

Стаття присвячена дослідженню поняття енергетичної безпеки України з точки зору конституційного права.

Розглянуто основні підходи до визначення цього поняття та встановлено місце енергетичної безпеки в системі національної безпеки України. У статті проаналізовано дотичні категорії, такі як національна безпека та економічна безпека.

На основі аналізу правової доктрини, Конституції України та законодавства визначено основні елементи поняття енергетичної безпеки та його загальні риси, а також сформульовано авторське визначення енергетичної безпеки України.
Підстави звільнення від обов’язку з відшкодування шкоди, завданої внаслідок надзвичайних ситуацій
Authors: Mul A. M.
Published: May 2020

У статті досліджуються непереборна сила, випадок та умисел потерпілого як підстави звільнення від обов’язку щодо відшкодування шкоди, завданої внаслідок надзвичайних ситуацій техногенного та природного характеру. Окрема увага приділяється вивченню особливостей причинно-наслідкового зв’язку між надзвичайною ситуацією і завданою шкодою та питанню вини суб’єктів відповідних правовідносин у контексті наявності вказаних підстав.
Адаптація вимог директив ЄС у законодавстві України щодо розвитку біоенергетичних технологій
Authors: Ihnatenko O. P.
Published: May 2020

Предметом дослідження цієї статті є аналіз взятих Україною на себе зобов’язань щодо адаптації європейських директив з енергозбереження в частині використання біоресурсів у якості альтернативного палива та розвитку біоенергетичних технологій в Україні. Ґрунтовно вивчено стан виконання Україною Директиви Європейського Парламенту та Ради 2009/28/ЄС від 23 квітня 2009 року про заохочення до використання енергії, виробленої з відновлювальних джерел, та Директиви 2012/27/ЄС Європейського Парламенту та Ради від 25.10.2012 р. про енергоефективність.
Основні загрози економічній безпеці України в сучасних умовах
Authors: Bass D. Ya.
Published: May 2020

У статті розглядаються основні загрози економічній безпеці України в сучасних умовах глобалізації світової економіки. Автор співставляє економічну доцільність та національні інтереси, конфлікт між національним та міжнародним рівнями економічної безпеки. Сучасні загрози національній економічній безпеці багато в чому обумовлені глобалізаційними та інтеграційними процесами. На підставі аналізу сучасного стану забезпечення економічної безпеки провідних країн світу в умовах глобалізації виокремлюються форми та способи забезпечення економічної безпеки країни.
Конституційні засади участі парламенту у формуванні та реалізації державної сімейної політики в Україні
Authors: Antonova O. R.
Published: May 2020

У статті розглянуті конституційно-правові засади діяльності парламенту у сфері формування та реалізації державної сімейної політики. Особливу увагу звернуто на його функціональні повноваження, насамперед законодавчі та контрольні.
Кримінологічні засади адміністративно-юрисдикційної діяльності органів охорони державного кордону
Authors: Kuryliuk Yu. B.
Published: May 2020

У статті досліджено деякі аспекти взаємозв’язку кримінологічних та адміністративно-деліктних засад протидії злочинності у прикордонному просторі. Констатовано, що адміністративно-юрисдикційна діяльність органів охорони державного кордону під час виконання ними визначених законодавством функцій має значний кримінологічний потенціал.
Інфраструктура ринку медичних послуг в Україні: ключові напрями вдосконалення
Authors: Shomnykova A. V.
Published: May 2020

У статті проаналізовано стан інфраструктури ринку медичних послуг в Україні. Визначено ключові напрями її вдосконалення. Зосереджено увагу на розвитку державно-приватного партнерства.
Розбудова правової держави: угорський досвід
Authors: Tkach D. I.
Published: May 2020

У статті висвітлюються питання розбудови правової держави, забезпечення прав і свобод людини у сучасній Угорщині. Розглядаються труднощі практичної реалізації цих процесів, пов’язані з історико-культурними особливостями постсоціалістичної країни, яка змінює державно-правові орієнтири та здійснює перехід на ринкову економіку. Детально досліджується угорська судова система як основа захисту та забезпечення реалізації прав громадян. Обґрунтовується необхідність використання зарубіжного досвіду в напряму побудови громадянського суспільства як головної умови розбудови правової держави.
Можливості протидії російській агресії на рівні ООН
Authors: Karavaiev V. S.
Published: May 2020

У статті розглядається проблема реалізації можливостей кваліфікації дій Російської Федерації на території України та вжиття відповідних заходів у межах Організації Об’єднаних Націй, що сприятиме ефективній протидії агресії РФ проти Української держави, а також відновленню її суверенітету та територіальної цілісності в межах кордонів, визнаних світовою спільнотою.
Проблеми забезпечення адекватної економічної відповідальності бізнесу за порушення прав споживачів
Authors: Mandybura V. O. , Khyzhnyak V. O.
Published: May 2020

У контексті реалізації вимог, пов’язаних з процесом євроінтеграції України, проведено аналіз стану захисту прав вітчизняних споживачів. Розглянута проблема забезпечення адекватної економічної відповідальності бізнесу за матеріальні і моральні збитки, нанесені кінцевим споживачам життєвих благ шахрайськими оборудками та іншими протиправними діями. Розроблені пропозиції щодо застосування механізму забезпечення перманентної зміни номінального рівня законодавчо визначених економічних санкцій, що дозволить максимально повно адаптувати їх до інфляційного процесу. Розкрито зміст методики визначення та порядку впровадження в нормативно-правову сферу України нового універсального, масштабно-фіксованого вартісного показника – «нормативно-базової величини», що має замінити застосування у якості нормативного показник «прожитковий мінімум доходів громадян».
Зарубіжний досвід організації та планування інфраструктури ринку медичних послуг
Authors: Shomnykova A. V.
Published: May 2020

У статті проаналізовано ефективні практики функціонування систем охорони здоров’я різних країн світу. Обґрунтовано можливості і напрями використання зарубіжного досвіду в організації та плануванні інфраструктури ринку медичних послуг в Україні.
Методологічні контури державного регулювання розвитку та безпеки соціально-економічних систем
Authors: Naumov O. B. , Stoyanova-Koval S. S.
Published: May 2020

У статті сформульовано авторський погляд на методологічні засади державного регулювання розвитку соціально-економічних систем із дотриманням умов соціально-економічної безпеки. Обґрунтовано методичний інструментарій оцінки стратегічних перспектив соціально-економічного розвитку країни.
Методичні підходи до управління постачаннями швидкопсувних продуктів в умовах реалізації концепції управління ланцюгами постачань
Authors: Sopotsko O. Yu.
Published: May 2020

У статті розглянуто методичні підходи до формування раціональної величини замовлення на постачання продуктів, які мають обмежено малий термін придатності до реалізації. Умови впровадження даних підходів виходять із припущення про збалансованість влади між учасниками ланцюгів постачань, які приводять дані продукти на ринок, і впровадження в цих ланцюгах постачання функцій і принципів концепції управління ланцюгами постачань
Модернізація сфери освіти та науки як об’єкта державного управління: конкурентні переваги для України
Authors: Vorotin V. Ye.
Published: May 2020

Стаття присвячена дослідженню сучасного стану сфери освіти та науки і напрямів її модифікації. Проаналізовано основні напрями формування нової парадигми суспільства знань і економіки знань та процес модернізації сфери освіти та науки як об’єктау державного управління в Україні.
Концeптуaльний пiдхiд щодо державного управління eкологiчною бeзпeкою aгрaрного виробництва
Authors: Gryshova I. Yu. , Fedorkin D. V.
Published: May 2020

У стaтті прoвeдeнo aнaліз дoсвіду єврoпeйських крaїн щoдo дeржaвнoгo рeгулювaння eкoлoгічнoї бeзпeки нa рівні рeгіoну. Вивчeнo тa мaксимaльнo врaхoвaнo пoзитивний зaрубіжний дoсвід у цій сфeрі для рoзрoбки зaхoдів з aдaптaції дeржaвнoгo рeгулювaння eкoлoгічнoї бeзпeки в Укрaїні дo стaндaртів Єврoпeйськoгo Сoюзу. Eкологiчнa бeзпeкa aгрaрного виробництвa aнaлiзується тaкож з позицiй нeобхiдностi подолaння соцiо-eкологiчних протирiч, якi виникaють при комплeкснiй взaємодiї людини й нaвколишнього природного середовища.
TECHNOLOGY OF OPERATION OF CITY ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS WITH TRACTION LOADS BASED ON ENERGY AND RESOURCES SAVING
Authors: Khvorost М. , Domanskiy I. , Vasenko V.
Published: May 2020

The scientifically substantiated principles of development of technology of operation of electric systems with traction loads by condition and minimum expenses during their life cycle for urban electric transport are developed. Saving quality criteria that determine resource conservation are generalized. It is proposed to expand the functions of tram wagon laboratories to measure the basic quality criteria. The scheme of expert system for analysis of the state of power supply devices and development of control effects in the analytical centers of control systems is developed.
The scientifically grounded principles of the development of the technology of operation of electric systems with traction loads on the state and minimum expenses in the course of their life cycle, in particular the concept of maintenance of power supply devices on the basis of their diagnostics and monitoring, a complex automated system of diagnostics of the contact network and current collectors, means of improving quality scratching and reducing the wear of the contact wire, which collectively solves the problem of resource conservation and allows reducing operating costs 1.5–2 times.
Generalized current quality criteria that determine resource conservation. It is established and experimentally confirmed that the basic criteria for the state of the contact network are contact pressing and the coefficients of reliability and economy of current flow. It is proposed to expand the functions in the field of measuring the basic criteria for servicing the contact network by state. The information technologies of an estimation of a condition of power supply devices during their operation on the basis of synthesis of two sources of information are offered: real-time diagnostics and simulation modeling. A generalized scheme of the expert system for analysis of the status of power supply devices and development of control effects in the analytical centers of control systems has been developed.
Keywords: electric transport, traction substations, traction networks, diagnostics and operation, technologies, energy efficiency, resource saving.
IMPROVEMENT OF METHODS AND TOOLS FOR OVERHEAD CONTACT LINES DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Pereverzyev К.
Published: May 2020

This paper describes developments of tools and methods in a wear of contact wire aspect, based on optical diagnostic systems and computer vision. In general, such diagnostic systems contribute towards improved service quality, reduced costs and increased security in railways.
The contact wire is an important part of the OCL. It interacts with the pantographs which are mounted on the roof of trains and moving at various speeds. It is subject to abrasion, friction, scraping, corrosion, erosion, vibration, arcing and welding at different degrees of severity depending on the wire and collector strip materials, modes of interaction and the environmental conditions that defines the wear of contact wires.
Measuring systems which automatically detect the degree of wire wear are necessary in order to carry out efficient OCL infrastructure management and condition-based maintenance of contact wire. The problem of wear measurement characterized by some important determining factors like lighting conditions, background scenery and the disparity of reflexives properties of the contact wire. Besides, in order to conduct an efficient inspection, the measures have to be carried out in a changing speed of inspection train. Finally, an important issues for designing and developing measurement systems are the number of wire in measurement range. Systems have to be able to measure not less than four contact wires which are simultaneously in a range of vision and the contact wire geometric parameters such as height and displacement (stagger).
The measuring systems have to acquire, process and store a considerable amount of data in real time. Due to the amount of information to be processed, a high-performance architecture and effective algorithms are needed for real-time monitoring.
The hardware and software modernization of a high-speed laser system for a contact wire parameters measurements are examined. Such modernization is fulfilled mostly by implementing a real-time high-speed compression algorithms and using LED backlighting.
The results of the measurement of the contact wire’s wear obtained by a modernized high-speed laser system during an inspection trips on a new modern laboratory-car are given in this article.
Keywords:, optical diagnostic systems, LED emitter,overhead contact lines of railways
RESEARCH OF SCALAR CONTROL SYSTEM OF TWO TRACTION INDUCTION MOTORS FROM BY ONE INVERTER
Authors: Hvorost М. , Voronov R.
Published: May 2020

Most adjustable-speed AC drive systems are constructed in such a way that one motor receives power from one inverter and uses vector control as the basic control principle. However, in some cases there is a need to power several motors in parallel from a single inverter, that minimizes the size, weight and cost of such a system. The most common examples of such systems are rail and urban electric vehicles, where two to four induction motors are connected to drive in parallel. Control of such a system is a difficult task, especially in conditions of unbalanced loads on the motors, that can occur in conditions of different adhesion of wheels with rails. The inability to provide individual control of the motor when powered by a single inverter can lead to a decrease in the safety level of such a vehicle due to the loss of stability when changing the current value of the adhesion coefficient of individual wheel pairs. Mechanical processes in the traction system are analyzed, in which each wheel pair is driven by a separate motor powered by a common inverter. It is shown that the identity of the values of the adhesion coefficients is an important condition for the stability of such a system, that cannot be guaranteed in the actual practice of the operation of the vehicle. Therefore, the development and research of control systems that are capable of operating the system in a variety of rail / road conditions is an important direction for the further development of such systems. The structure of mathematical model of traction electromechanical system consisting of two induction motors powered by one inverter is proposed. The adjustable-speed control is based on the scalar control system, that is the easiest to implement because it does not require the estimation of the state variables of the system components. Sinusoidal pulse width modulation is selected as the switch control signal method. Operation of traction electromechanical system with scalar frequency control law is investigated by mathematical modeling. It has been proven that changing the characteristics of a single wheel pair's adhesion can lead to a loss of stability by a system that is unacceptable in terms of providing a comfortable and safe operation of the vehicle.
Keywords: traction electric drive, scalar control, adhesion, mathematical model, frequency control
DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY ELECTRICAL NETWORKS OF TRACTION SUBSTATIONS
Authors: Domanskyi I. , Kozlova О.
Published: May 2020

In the paper on the basis of the analysis of classical power schemes traction substations of railways and urban electric transport conceptual directions of development of electric networks of external power supply of traction substations in the conditions of market economy and normative requirements of the electric power industry of Ukraine are developed, which allow to provide energy saving modes of their operation. Based on system analysis of domestic and foreign traction power supply systems of railways and electric transport of large cities, the concept of their development is substantiated and proposed by increasing the supply voltage of traction substations and minimizing capacity upflows and energy losses, which provides resource and energy savings.
It is suggested that the investment programs of the structures that are part of Corporation «Ukrzaliznytsia» and the municipal services be synchronized according to their technological indicators, as well as according to the criteria of energy efficiency and quality of energy supply with similar investment programs of external energy. For reduction of energy losses, it is proposed: realization of rational schedule of train movement and deep high voltage inputs with the prospect of transition to own 110 kV distribution networks, modernization and equipping of modern rolling stock electrical equipment and infrastructure of the main and perspective directions of the railways.
The need to expand tram and trolleybus lines and modernize power supply devices in terms of resource conservation requires new technologies for the design, construction and operation of the facilities of municipal enterprise «Miskelektrotransservice». Such technologies have been implemented by the «DAK-Energetika» enterprise in the manufacture of modern electrical equipment of municipal enterprise «Miskelektrotransservice» TS. The most important tasks are the improvement of stationary and mobile substations and other linear facilities of traction power supply by completing functional modular blocks with modern switchgear with digital relay protection and diagnostics of traction networks; local and remote control of switchgear devices, as well as switch diagnostics and self-diagnosis.
Keywords: external power supply, traction substations, electrical networks, power systems operation modes.
Deputies from the Mogilev province to the State Duma III and IV: social and political characteristics
Authors: Lavrinovich Dmitry S.
Published: May 2020

The article reveals social characteristics of the State Duma deputies. The author shows that due to the censorship nature of the electoral law of 3 June 1907, the deputy corps was dominated by the representatives of the elite groups of population (nobles, large landowners). Besides, the important role was played by the deputies from the church and the officials. Most of them, according to their political views, were supporters of the conservative centre. Deputies focused on the Stolypin’s land reform and the draft law on the introduction of elected zemstvos in the western provinces of the Russian Empire. In 1915, part of deputies of Duma IV from Mogilev province joined the «Progressive coalition», took part in the fight against the tsarist government, and B. A. Engelhardt, as a Chairman of the Military Commission of the Provisional Committee in the State Duma, played an important role during the February Revolution of 1917.
To the question of the personality of Zhiroslav Nazhirovich who led the Kyiv troops to Mensk in 1159
Authors: Nagirnyy Vitaliy M. , Tsemushau Stsiapan N.
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the biography of the Kyiv voivode Zhiroslav Nazhirovich. The boyar is mentioned in the Kyiv Chronicle only once, in 1159, when he leaded the military unit of Torks that had been by the Kyiv prince Rostislav Mstislavich to Mensk to help the Polotsk prince Rogvolod Borisovich. The author admits that Zhiroslav was born in the first third of the 12th century and could be the son of both Nazhir from the entourage of Vladimir Vsevolodovich Monomakh and Nazhir Pereyaslavich who served the Prince of Kyiv Izyaslav Davidovich. Based on the laconic data of the chronicles one can assume that Zhiroslav, although he yielded in status to other Kyiv voivodes, he had the considerable experience in military affairs. The further fate of Nazhirovich, after his returning from the Mensk campaign in 1159, is not analyzed in the sources. His possible descendants can be the Trepolsky sergeant Sdeslav Zhiroslavich and the Kyiv voivode Daniil Zhirovich (Nazhirovich).
Influence of Turkey on the policy of neutrality and foreign policy of Turkmenistan (1995–2016)
Authors: Khudaiberdieva Nurbibi Kh.
Published: May 2020

The paper analyzes the attitude of Turkey to the policy of neutrality of Turkmenistan in the period from 1995 to 2016. Based on the geopolitical situation in the Central Asian region in the post-Soviet period, the author identifies the reasons for Turkmenistan’s adoption of a neutral status. Among the reasons for this decision by the Turkmen leadership are the deterioration of the situation in the region, the desire of the great powers and regional leaders to strengthen their positions in Central Asia, including in the energy sector, Turkey’s active position in the post-Soviet period aimed at developing political, energy, and humanitarian contacts, and the desire of The Niyazov regime to limit external influence on the country’s internal and foreign policy. The author noted the influence of the status of neutrality on the implementation of Turkmenistan’s foreign policy and the attitude of Turkey to this process. In the development of Turkmenistan’s neutrality policy in 1995–2016, two stages can be conditionally distinguished: the first is 1995–2006 when the policy of neutrality bordering on isolationism, which seriously limited Turkey’s contacts with Turkmenistan; the second is 2007–2016 when the expansion of cooperation between Turkmenistan and Turkey, including in the security sphere. In the 2007–2016 Turkey sought to expand its geopolitical influence over Turkmenistan by maintaining its neutrality, which led to the formation of a close political and economic dialogue between Ankara and Ashgabat.
J. V. Volk-Levanovich and his memories: touches on the portrait of linguist
Authors: Maliugin Oleg I. , Maksimchik Andrey N.
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to biography and activities at the Belarusian State University of Slavic philologist Joseph V. VolkLevanovich. On the basis of previously unpublished documents, as well as recent historiography, the text contains unknown details from his biography (studies, military service, family), relations with colleagues at the university, interpretation by J. V. Volk-Levanovich of the causes of the conflict with J. Y. Lesik and other figures of the Belarusian national movement of the 1920s. The documents published in the article (memoirs, diary pages, letters) clearly demonstrate the processes that took place in the scientific and pedagogical and cultural life of Minsk during the period of the policy of Belarusization.
Urothelial Carcinoma: Highlights and Reviews on Various Pathologies
Authors: Dick Brian , Olubowale Olayemi , Kim Joseph , Krane Spencer
Published: May 2020

Bladder cancers are the ninth most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. More than 90% of bladder cancers are of transitional cell origin and are classified as urothelial carcinomas (UC). UC remains amongst the most genetically diverse tumours and presents with numerous unique histological variants. The most common variants are squamous differentiated UC and glandular differentiated UC. Both of these variants tend to present at a later disease stage than conventional UC and are associated with worse patient outcomes. Rarer UC variants include trophoblastic differentiated UC, nested UC, micropapillary UC, plasmacytoid UC, and sarcomatoid UC. They also present at more advanced disease states than conventional UC, resulting in worse patient outcomes. Limited data is available for the pleomorphic giant cell UC and lipid-rich UC variants, but it suggests morbid outcomes with high patient mortality. The only UC variant with better prognosis than conventional UC is lymphoepithelioid-like UC. Proper identification of the histological variant of UC is important, as it aids the physician in clinical decision-making and can lead to better patient outcomes.
Bladder Pain Syndrome: A Review
Authors: Calik Gokhan , de la Rosette Jean
Published: May 2020

Therapy of bladder pain syndrome (BPS) presents a significant challenge in clinical practice. Over the last 20 years, there have been important efforts directed at understanding the syndrome’s aetiology and therapeutic challenges. Data regarding disease progression, remission, and prevention are very limited and little is known about the risk factors for the development of associated symptoms over time. Several visceral pain syndromes and systemic diseases often occur together in the same patient. Patients are currently treated by different clinicians on an empirical basis with a variety of different medications and other treatment interventions. Treatment approaches are local or systemic and range from behavioural, to pharmacological, and finally to surgical, which altogether are focussed on optimising quality of life. Treatment of BPS often requires a trial and error approach. The aim of this review is to analyse and present contemporary literature regarding BPS.
Measurements of the magnetic properties of conduction electrons
Authors: Pudalov V M
Published: May 2020

We consider various methods and techniques that are used in experimental condensed matter physics for measuring electron magnetization and susceptibility. The list of considered methods for macroscopic measurements includes magnetomechanical, electromagnetic, modulation-type, and thermodynamic methods based on chemical potential variation measurements. We also consider local methods of magnetic measurements based on the spin Hall effect and nitrogen-substituted vacancies (NV centers). Scanning probe magnetometers–microscopes are considered, such as the magnetic resonance force microscope, SQUID microscope, and Hall microscope. The review focuses on the electron spin magnetization measurements in nonmagnetic materials and systems, particularly in low-dimensional electron systems in semiconductors and in nanosystems that have come to the forefront in recent years.
Wave packet in the phase problem in optics and ptychography
Authors: Popov N L , Artyukov I A , Vinogradov A V , Protopopov V V
Published: May 2020

At present, ptychography seems to be the most natural and efficient method for approaching the diffraction-limited optical resolution. The general setup of a ptychoscope does not contain refracting or focusing elements and includes a coherent illumination source, a translation stage for displacement of a macroscopic object, and a detector for recording transmitted or reflected radiation from the object, which is connected to a computer for processing diffractograms. In classical optics, the main problem with achieving high spatial resolution is the correction and elimination of aberrations in optical systems, whereas the spatial resolution in ptychography mainly depends on the reliability of recording and computer processing diffractograms with large numerical apertures. After a brief introduction to the history and current state of ptychography, the wave-packet method for calculating the wave field on a detector in the far field and for a large numerical aperture is considered in detail. This gives a relation between fields on the object and on the detector, which underlies the ePIE (extended Ptychography Iterative Engine) algorithms for recovering images used in practice. The realization of algorithms involves operations with functions defined in certain domains (coordinate networks) of the direct space and Fourier space related to the object and detector. The size of and steps involved in such networks are strictly related to the object size, its distance from the detector, and the numerical aperture. The programs developed in this paper are used to refine the limits of applicability of the paraxial approximation (Fresnel integrals) in calculations of the field on the detector. Simulations of images obtained by the ptychography method are presented.
Senam Nifas Memengaruhi Proses Involutio Uteri
Authors: Usman Hastuti , Dewie Artika , Ahsan Muthmainnah
Published: May 2020

Postpartum mothers are afraid to do many movements. If mothers do early ambulation, it can facilitate the process of uterine involution. This research is aim to clear out the effect of puerperal gymnastic on the uterine involution process to postpartum mothers. It uses a quasi-experiment design and Pretest and posttest control group design. The sampling technique uses an accidental sampling technique. The instrument in this study is the observation sheet, leaflet, andgymnastics guide.Statistical test using the Mann Whitney test. Before performing puerperal gymnastic, the average of the Fundal Height (Tinggi Fundus Uteri) of the intervention group was 10.9 cm, and the average of Fundal Height of the control group was 10.9 cm. The statistical test obtained p-value=0.457, which means there is no difference in the average the Fundal Height between the intervention group and the control group. Whereas after childbirth exercise, the average of Fundal Height of the intervention group was 0.9 cm, and the average of  Fundal Height of the control group was 7.3 cm. Statistical test obtained p-value <0.001.To sum up, there is an effect of puerperal exercise on uterine involution speed. Suggestions for Puskesmas Kampung Baru, especially the midwives, are to provide postpartum gymnastics services for postpartum mothers to accelerate uterine involution.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keikutsertaan PUS dalam Ber-KB
Authors: Harahap Hasanah Pratiwi
Published: May 2020

Indonesia is a developing country that has a large population of about 237.6 million people and an average population growth rate of 1.49% per year. In Taraha Village, there are still many couples of reproductive age that are not acceptors, as many as 52 (46.2%). The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with couples of reproductive age participation in the family planning program in Taraha Village in 2018. This research was analytic survey research with a cross-sectional approach. The data collection method used questioner. The study was conducted in Taraha Village, Mandrehe Utara Subdistrict, in 2018. The sample of this research was the productive age couples, who were 81 acceptors and not acceptors using a stratified random sampling technique. Data were analyzed by performing a Chi-square analysis test. Based on the results obtained on the knowledge variable the majority of knowledge lacking by 42 respondents (52%) with a p-value <0,001, the majority of negative attitudes as many as 55 respondents (68%) with a p-value of 0.010, the majority of cultural factors were not good enough as many as 44 respondents (54%) obtained a p-value<0,001. It is recommended to the government of Nias Barat District to increase health promotion, especially on the family planning program.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap dengan Perilaku Mengatasi Ketidaknyamanan pada Masa Klimakterium
Authors: Purbowati Niken , Hajrah Wa ode , Nuraini Novia
Published: May 2020

Climacteric is a transitional period from the reproductive phase to the old age phase (senium). Climacteric period 40-85% of women have complaints both physically and psychologically. The differences in knowledge based on personal backgrounds cause the attitude of each individual is different in overcoming the inconvenience of the climacteric phase. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes towards overcoming discomfort during the climacteric phase. It was a descriptive-analytic research method using a cross-sectional research design. The research sample was 81 respondents. Sampling was stratified random sampling, that is, samples taken per work area randomly. Statistical tests use logistic regression. The results of 81 mothers showed that the proportion of mothers with good knowledge was 87.9%, compared to a lack of knowledge as many as 20.8%. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and behavior to overcome climacteric discomfort (p = 0.029; CI95% = 1.2-27.1). Mothers with good knowledge had a 5.7 times higher chance to behave well in dealing with discomfort during climacteric times, compared to mothers with less knowledge after being controlled by attitude, family roles, and health worker roles.
Hubungan Faktor Maternal terhadap Posisi pada Waktu Persalinan Kala II dengan Kejadian Ruptur Perineum
Authors: Hajrah Wa Ode , Purbowati Niken , Nuraini Novia
Published: May 2020

erineal rupture needs attention because it can cause dysfunction of the female reproductive organs, as a source of bleeding, a source, or a way in and out of infection, then it can cause death due to bleeding or sepsis. About 85% of Women who delivery vaginally experience perineal rupture, in the age group 25-30 years 24%, while in maternal age 32-39 years by 62%. In Asia, perineal rupture is also a problem in society, 50 % of the world's occurrence is in Asia. The study aims to determine the relationship of maternal factors to the position of the second stage labor and perineal rupture occurrence. This research applied a descriptive-analytic method using a cross-sectional research design. The research sample was 102 respondents, accidental random sampling, which was all labor with perineal rupture in July to November 2018. Statistical tests used chi-square. The results of perineal rupture with maternal age was p-value 0.042 (p <0.05), perineal rupture with maternal parity was p-value 0.01 (p <0.05). Suggestions for various maternal positions in maternity and ANC classes to prevent perineal rupture.
Changes in numbers and distribution of wintering waterfowl in Sweden during forty years, 1967–2006
Authors: Nilsson Leif
Published: May 2020

Regular midwinter counts of waterfowl (included in the International Midwinter Counts, IWC, organized by what is now Wetlands International) has been undertaken in Sweden since the start in 1967 and are still going on, now as a part of the National Environmental Monitoring Programme. After the first exploratory years including country-wide surveys in 1971–1973 undertaken both from the ground, the air and boats, the programme was standardized to cover an adequate sample of coastal and inland sites of south Sweden for the production of annual midwinter population indices for important species (areas further north in Sweden are normally ice-covered and without importance for waterbirds in winter). Further large scale surveys were undertaken in 1987–1989, 1993 and 2004 (country-wide survey). The programme did not cover the seaducks in offshore areas (later included in a special programme). The present contribution analyses the first 40 years of midwinter counts in Sweden, especially with the aim to elucidate changes in distribution and numbers of the different species during this time series. During the period there was a marked change in the winter weather and especially the ice situation in Sweden in January, being a factor of importance for the wintering waterbirds. During the years 1967–1987 there were five really hard ice-winters, whereas in the latter part of the period there was no really hard ice-winter. Comparisons between the country-wide surveys in 1971 and 2004 showed a marked increase from 172,000 to 627,000 individuals excluding the offshore species Clangula hyemalis and Melanitta spp. Anas platyrhynchos increased from 67,000 to 150,000, Aythya fuligula from 54,000 to 230,000 and Bucephala clangula from 19,000 to 75,000. Increases were also found in most of the other species. In addition, Anas penelope and Podiceps cristatus established new wintering traditions in south Sweden. Midwinter indices for nine out of ten species showed significantly increasing trends over the 40 years, no species decreasing. In Anas platyrhynchos and Aythya fuligula the indices showed fluctuations around a steady level, then a marked increase followed after the last cold winter, whereas species like Bucephala clangula and Mergus serrator showed increasing trends from the start of the counts. Fulica atra crashed markedly after one cold winter and remained for years on a low level before recovering but the overall trend was increasing. To a large extent the increases found are probably due to the milder winters in later years, which also led to changes in winter distribution within the country, also being reflected in the regional totals for different species. Part of the increases does also reflect genuine population increases as show by comparisons with IWC results from other countries.
Changes in numbers and distribution of wintering Long-tailed Ducks Clangula hyemalis in Swedish waters during the last fifty years
Authors: Nilsson Leif
Published: May 2020

The Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis is the most common wintering waterfowl in Swedish marine waters but it is not well covered in the International Midwinter Counts due to its offshore distribution making special surveys necessary for the species. Surveys covering the entire Baltic Sea were organized for the first time in 1992/1993 with follow-up surveys in 2007–2011 and 2016. In Sweden, aerial line transect surveys covered all areas of importance for the Long-tailed Duck during the last two all-Baltic surveys. In the 1970s extensive regional surveys were done from coastguard boats and airplane. The total wintering population of Long-tailed Duck was estimated to be around 370,000 individuals in 2016 compared to 436,000 in 2009, and in the order of 1,400,000 in 1992/1993, indicating an ongoing decrease. Comparing the more recent surveys with the surveys from the 1970s, the most marked changes in wintering numbers were found east of Gotland, where only a small proportion of the numbers estimated in the 1970s remained. Decreases were also found in the waters around Öland, whereas no marked changes were noted for the smaller wintering populations of the east coast archipelagos.
Heat-No-Service: Reproductive lifetime performance of gilts inseminated on first versus second observed estrus in commercial piglet producing herds
Authors: Osotsi Joab Malanda , Balogh Péter , Novotni Dankó Gabriella
Published: May 2020

Heat No Service (HNS) is an increasing managerial decision made in commercial piglet producing herds. Performance of gilts has been shown to be influenced by initial decisions made on them at their introduction in the breeding herds. Lifetime Reproductive performance comprising of parity total born piglets and lifetime total born piglets of gilts initially bred on first observed estrus (0HNS) was compared with that of gilts bred on second observed estrus (1HNS). Stored data from Porcitec database consisted of 2.072 gilts bred on first observed estrus (0HNS) and 2.453 gilts bred on second observed estrus (1HNS) totaling to 4.525 gilts. Data was statistically analyzed using the GLM procedure of IBM SPSS version 25. The results showed a significance difference (p<0.001) in lifetime total born performance of gilts bred at 0HNS (mean 93.9) and 1HNS (mean 95.7). There was also a significant difference (p<0.001) of total born piglets in parity 1, 5 and 6 in the 2 groups. There was an observed increased parity total born and lifetime total born when first time insemination of gilts was delayed to second estrus. The findings in this study favor the 1HNS breeding with an overall increased lifetime total born. Gilts inseminated at 1HNS produce 1.57 more pigs for lifetime as compared with those inseminated at 0HNS when observation is made up to P6. Producers in piglet producing herds could re examine their decisions for increased productivity by promoting many gilts into 1HNS but still maintaining the balance between breed targets and production schedules to remain competitive and profitable in the current global swine industry.
The effect of herbs on the microbiological stability and nutritional quality of pariser
Authors: Posgay Miklós , Lakatos Erika , Kapcsándi Viktória
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional properties of dried herbs (Thymus vulgaris L., Origanum vulgare L., Salvia officinalis L.) to improve the quality characteristics and microbiological stability of Hungarian meat product, pariser. The addition of herbs did not affect the microbial properties of the product. According to the Decree No. 4 of 1998 of the Ministry of Health, pariser can be considered safe. The nutritional quality of the different forms of pariser was also acceptable. However, the addition of oregano, sage and thyme changed the flavor characteristics of the parisers and the higher meat content would increase the final price of the product.
DEJAR DE BLANQUEAR UN ENCUENTRO ENTRE GILLES DELEUZE Y BOLÍVAR ECHEVERRÍA
Authors: Vignola Paolo
Published: May 2020

DEJAR DE BLANQUEAR UN ENCUENTRO ENTRE GILLES DELEUZE Y BOLÍVAR ECHEVERRÍA
FABULAÇÃO NA GAIOLA, DOBRAS OU ESQUIZOGRAFIAS DA FUNDAÇÃO CASA
Authors: Melo Alessandra
Published: May 2020

FABULAÇÃO NA GAIOLA, DOBRAS OU ESQUIZOGRAFIAS DA FUNDAÇÃO CASA
A Unified View of Topological Phase Transition in Band Theory
Authors: Huang Huaqing , Liu Feng
Published: May 2020

We develop a unified view of topological phase transitions (TPTs) in solids by revising the classical band theory with the inclusion of topology. Reevaluating the band evolution from an “atomic crystal” (a normal insulator (NI)) to a solid crystal, such as a semiconductor, we demonstrate that there exists ubiquitously an intermediate phase of topological insulator (TI), whose critical transition point displays a linear scaling between electron hopping potential and average bond length, underlined by deformation-potential theory. The validity of the scaling relation is verified in various two-dimensional (2D) lattices regardless of lattice symmetry, periodicity, and form of electron hoppings, based on a generic tight-binding model. Significantly, this linear scaling is shown to set an upper bound for the degree of structural disorder to destroy the topological order in a crystalline solid, as exemplified by formation of vacancies and thermal disorder. Our work formulates a simple framework for understanding the physical nature of TPTs with significant implications in practical applications of topological materials.
The eudialyte group: a review
Authors: Johnsen Ole , Grice Joel D. , Gault Robert A.
Published: May 2020

The eudialyte group of complex Na, Ca, Zr silicates encompasses a wide range of compositions in which all the main elements Si, Zr, Ca, Fe and Na vary, and many relatively minor elements such as Mn, REE, Sr Nb, K, Y and Ti are present. For most members of the group the empirical formula is Na15[M(1)]6[M(2)]3Zr3[M(3)](Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,F,OH)2 and the best method of formula calculation is on the basis of 29 (Si, Al, Zr Ti, Hf, Nb, W, Ta) apfu (Z = 3), which are the elements assigned to the Zr, M(3) and all Si sites in the structure. The commonest substitutions are found with the solid solution series eudialyte sensu stricto (enriched in Si, Ca, Fe and Cl) and kentbrooksite (enriched in Nb, REE, Mn and F), but recent studies show that the series extends beyond kentbrooksite to an exceptionally Ca-deficient eudialyte now named oneillite. Most eudialytes are trigonal R3m or R3m but oneillite is R3. Additional members of the group are khomyakovite and manganokhomyakovite.