bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the Saudi Arabian population
Authors: Almojaibel Abdullah ,   Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,   * Corresponding Author: Abdullah A. Almojaibel, Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: amojaibel@iau.edu.sa, Ansari Khalid ,   Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Alzahrani Yahya ,   Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Alquaimi Maher ,   Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Farooqi Faraz ,   Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Alqurashi Yousef ,   Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to measure the level of vaccine hesitancy among the Saudi population using the WHO Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS). A cross-sectional study using a modified vaccine hesitancy scale (VHS) was conducted among Saudi Arabian residents between April 4 and May 24, 2021. The relationship between participants' willingness to uptake COVID-19 vaccines and their demographics, awareness of COVID-19, and health status was evaluated. The chi-square test was employed to compare categorical variables and logistic regression for the associations of demographical characteristics with acceptance of the vaccine. We received a total of 1657 completed responses. 1,126 participants (68%) were vaccinated, of which 19% were vaccinated with one dose only, and 49% were fully vaccinated (with two doses). Safety concerns and worries about side effects were higher among the hesitant group (p<0.001). 96% of the participants from the willing group were not hesitant to have the vaccine, whereas in the same group, 70% thought they had good health and the vaccine was not needed. Logistic regression analysis revealed that participants with chronic diseases had lower odds of being willing to be vaccinated (OR=0.583, p-value 0.04). The study findings suggest key factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the Saudi population and can help public health authorities plan strategies to minimize vaccine hesitancy and improve awareness about vaccine acceptance.
Effect of water diuresis with hydrogen saturation on the course of acute kidney damage during the separation of oxidation and phosphorylation
Authors:   Department of Pathological Physiology, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,   * Corresponding Author: Yurii Yevgenivich Rohovyi, Department of Pathological Physiology, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine. E-mail: rohovyy2012@gmail.com, Rohovyi Yurii Yevgenivich , Tsitrin Volf Yakovich ,   Surgery Department No.1, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Bilookiy Vyacheslav Vasilievich ,   Surgery Department No.1, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Sheremet Michail Ivanovich ,   Surgery Department No.1, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Kolesnik Oksana Volodimirivna ,   Department of Pathological Physiology, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: May 2023

Molecular hydrogen has the ability to penetrate cells, easily reach mitochondria, overcome body barriers, penetrate areas of ischemia, edema and inflammation, improve energy supply by supplying additional electrons and have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by neutralizing highly reactive hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite. In this experiment, we included 60 nonlinear male rats weighing 0.16–0.18 kg and investigated the effect of a negative redox potential solution -297.3±5.27 mV with a molecular hydrogen saturation of 1.2 ppm on the functional-biochemical processes of the kidneys in tissue hypoxia in moderately resistant rats during the separation of oxidation and phosphorylation with the introduction of 2,4-dinitrophenol at a dose of 3 mg/kg. All studies were performed on moderately stable rats. Experimental, functional, biochemical, enzyme-linked immunosorbent, physicochemical, histoenzymochemical, and statistical research methods were used. Under conditions of renal hypoxia in the separation of oxidation and phosphorylation, the use of a solution of negative redox reabsorption of sodium ions in the distal nephron reduces the manifestations of tubular proteinuria, increases the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in the proximal nephron and reduces the redox potential of urine to negative values. Negative redox potential solution with molecular hydrogen saturation has a protective effect on the kidneys and reduces elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1-β, and interleukin-6 in blood plasma, and causes oxidative modification of proteins in the renal cortex for their hypoxia in the separation of oxidation and phosphorylation.
Lipotoxicity-related sarcopenia: a review
Authors: Aldahhan Rashid Abdulhameed ,   Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Motawei Kamaluddin Hasan ,   Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Al-Hariri Mohammed Taha ,   Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia,   * Corresponding Author: Mohammed Taha Al-Hariri, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. E-mail: mtalhariri@iau.edu.sa
Published: May 2023

A body of literature supports the postulation that a persistent lipid metabolic imbalance causes lipotoxicity, “an abnormal fat storage in the peripheral organs”. Hence, lipotoxicity could somewhat explain the process of sarcopenia, an aging-related, gradual, and involuntary decline in skeletal muscle strength and mass associated with several health complications. This review focuses on the recent mechanisms underlying lipotoxicity-related sarcopenia. A vicious cycle occurs between sarcopenia and ectopic fat storage via a complex interplay of mitochondrial dysfunction, pro-inflammatory cytokine production, oxidative stress, collagen deposition, extracellular matrix remodeling, and life habits. The repercussions of lipotoxicity exacerbation of sarcopenia can include increased disability, morbidity, and mortality. This suggests that appropriate lipotoxicity management should be considered the primary target for the prevention and/or treatment of chronic musculoskeletal and other aging-related disorders. Further advanced research is needed to understand the molecular details of lipotoxicity and its consequences for sarcopenia and sarcopenia-related comorbidities.
Morphological variations and morphometry details of the foramen ovale in the Saudi population: a retrospective radiological study
Authors: Alaftan Mohammed ,   Radiology Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia,   * Corresponding Author: Mohammed Alaftan, Radiology Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia E-mail: malaftan@iau.edu.sa, Alkhater Sajedah ,   Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Alhaddad Fatima ,   Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Alfaraj Aqeelah ,   Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Alrashed Noor ,   Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Hiware Sanket ,   Anatomy Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Alghnimi Ibrahim ,   Radiology Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Algowiez Roaa ,   Radiology Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Ismail Essam ,   Anatomy Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Medicine, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Published: May 2023

The foramen ovale is one of the essential foramina in the middle cranial fossa, more precisely, in the superior surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. It has essential surgical and diagnostic significance since it serves as a surgical landmark, and crucial neurovascular vessels such as the mandibular nerve and accessory meningeal artery pass through it. Therefore, understanding the morphological and morphometric variations of the foramen ovale is essential for accurately identifying, diagnosing, and managing related pathologies. The study aimed to evaluate the morphological variations and morphometric details of the foramen ovale in the Saudi population. A radiological study was conducted to observe the measurements and the shapes of the foramen ovale in the skull with its anatomical variants. Retrospective data was collected from the Department of Radiology, King Fahad University Hospital, Saudi Arabia. The sample consisted of 100 human skulls from computed tomography scans, including 50 males and 50 females. The values for the mean length, width, and distance from the midline on the right side were 6.462 mm ± 1.681 mm, 4.897 ± 1.0631 mm, and 2.4565 ± 0.51275 mm, and 6.451 ± 1.6691 mm, 4.812 ± 1.0848 mm and 2.4290 ± 0.60039 mm for the left side, respectively. The foramen shape was oval in the majority (47%), followed by round shape (31%) with no bony outgrowths such as spur in the studied foramina. Furthermore, the morphometric variation between males and females was statistically insignificant (p-value>0.05). The observed variation of foramen ovale in this study has significant anatomical and clinical applications for various diagnostic and surgical procedures.
Unfavorable factors in accessing the pelvicalyceal system during retrograde flexible ureteroscopy (fURS)
Authors: Geavlete Bogdan ,   Sanador Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Urology, Emergency Clinical Hospital Sf. Ioan, Bucharest, Romania, Mareș Cristian ,   Department of Urology, Emergency Clinical Hospital Sf. Ioan, Bucharest, Romania,   * Corresponding Author: Cristian Mareș, Department of Urology, Emergency Clinical Hospital Sf. Ioan, Bucharest, Romania. E-mail: dr.marescristian@gmail.com, Popescu Răzvan-Ionuț ,   Department of Urology, Emergency Clinical Hospital Sf. Ioan, Bucharest, Romania, Mulțescu Răzvan ,   Sanador Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Urology, Emergency Clinical Hospital Sf. Ioan, Bucharest, Romania, Ene Cosmin ,   Department of Urology, Emergency Clinical Hospital Sf. Ioan, Bucharest, Romania, Geavlete Petrișor ,   Sanador Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Department of Urology, Emergency Clinical Hospital Sf. Ioan, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2023

Flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) is a well-established procedure for treating multiple upper-urinary tract pathologies, particularly renoureteral lithiasis. Endoscopes have undergone significant advancements, including miniaturization, improved optics, and increased maneuverability. In addition, advancements in accessory instruments, such as the performance of laser fibers, guidewires, and extraction probes, have played a significant role in improving the overall performance of flexible ureteroscopy procedures. However, despite these advancements, unique circumstances can make achieving optimum results during flexible ureteroscopy challenging. These include congenital renal anomalies (horseshoe kidneys, ectopic kidneys, rotation anomalies), as well as the unique intrarenal anatomy (infundibulopelvic angle, infundibular length) or the specifications of the endoscope in terms of maneuverability (active and passive deflection). This review explored challenging scenarios during flexible ureteroscopy procedures in the pyelocaliceal system.
Retraction Notice to: Stem cell and colorectal carcinogenesis
Authors: Stoian M ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest; Internal Medicine Department, Dr. Ion Cantacuzino Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Stoica V ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Nicolae Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Bucharest, Romania, Radulian G ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Nicolae Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Bucharest, Romania,   * Corresponding Author: Gabriela Radulian, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Nicolae Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Bucharest, Romania. E-mail: grad203@gmail.com
Published: May 2023

Article J Med Life 2016; 9(1): 6-11; PubMed ID: 27713769 has been retracted at authors’ request.
Design of Rubbish as Pickup Object in The Maze Game Using Cellular Automata
Authors: Naluri Hanatar Adi , Kusuma Purba Daru
Published: May 2023

This educational game is perfect for children. So many kids nowadays actually play games that should be for adults. This is quite concerning because the age children should be the age of forming morals and in this study, the authors developed a maze game with the theme of manners or morals. In this game, the writer designed the pickup behavior of garbage objects using the cellular automata method. The results to be achieved in this study are to ensure the game can run smoothly without errors and pickup objects in the form of trash according to what was designed. In addition, with this maze game it is hoped that it can educate children so that morals or character are formed within them.
WEARABLE ANTENNA DUAL BAND WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC BAND GAP (EBG) STRUCTURE FOR HEALTH APPLICATIONS
Authors: Ash-Shiddiq Haniifah Arif , Ryanu Harfan Hian , Nur Levy Olivia
Published: May 2023

Telemedicine can solve several issues in the healthcare system. The wearable antenna works with the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band for wireless body area network (WBAN) communications. Wearable antennas are lightweight, easy to make, and so on. This antenna application's bandwidth is limited by the thin substrate. This research will create a wearable planar monopole antenna with a circular patch that can operate at 2,4 and 5,8 GHz. Antenna without the UC-EBG structure and antenna with the UC-EBG structure were tested. The simulation results without UC-EBG show that the return loss is -14.629 dB and -28,639 dB, the VSWR is 1,456 and 1,077, the bandwidth is 4988 MHz, and the gain is 2,517 dBi and 4,270 dBi. The simulation results with the addition of UC-EBG show that the return loss is -13,835 dB and -17,46 dB, the VSWR is 1,511 and 1,309, the bandwidth is 1480 MHz and 2320 MHz, and the gain is 2,869 dBi and 5,208 dBi. The measurement results with UC-EBG show that the return loss is -13,134 dB and -18,421 dB, the VSWR is 1,566 and 1,273, the bandwidth is 1080 MHz and 960 MHz, and the gain is 2,198 dBi and 4,98 dBi.
O impacto da Covid-19 na saúde mental do brasileiro
Authors: Abade Gentil Cirqueira , Tigre João Paulo de Oliveira Brito , Junseira Leo de Oliveira , Maciel Victor Raposo , Fernandes Gabriel Guimarães , Moura Ivan Gilson
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Compreender o impacto da pandemia causada pela Covid-19 na saúde mental dos brasileiros. Revisão bibliográfica: Frente ao estado calamitoso de uma doença contagiosa a qual pouco se conhecia até então do seu agente causador, e nenhuma cura ou medicamento para tratamento havia sido desenvolvido, adotou-se na maior parte do mundo o isolamento social como medida preventiva para a redução da transmissão e diminuição do número total de casos da Covid-19. Diante dessa realidade, um processo de adoecimento mental e psicológico iniciou-se. Sendo os principais deles a alta incidência de sentimentos negativos, tristeza, depressão, irritabilidade, baixa motivação e procrastinação. Ademais, vale ressaltar o efeito do distanciamento social na logística e acesso ao atendimento psiquiátrico e psicológico, o que dificultou ainda mais o cuidado com a saúde mental. Considerações finais: Frente aos danos deixados por tais acontecimentos, urge o entendimento da comunidade médica e toda equipe multiprofissional sobre a garantia de tratamento e mitigação das feridas de tais traumas que ainda permaneceram por muitos anos na população mundial.
Fratura maxilar ocasionada por exodontia em cirurgia bucomaxilofacial: causas e complicações
Authors: Lopes Elysa Virna Cordeiro Miranda , Lins Max Heitor de Brito , Silva Gabriela Alves da , Oliveira Miríade Lima de , Moura Camila Alexandre de , Cavalcanti Tayguara Cerqueira
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura a incidência de fraturas do osso maxilar durante o trans e pós-operatório, descrevendo sua prevalência, novos tratamentos e formas de prevenção. Revisão bibliográfica: Força excessiva no uso do fórceps, ausência óssea que acomete a comunicação buco sinusal, formato radicular do elemento superior, são alguns dos motivos que podem causar danos à anatomia da maxila. Paralelamente, fraturas ósseas maxilares derivadas de extrações são capazes de afetar a relação sociocomunicativa e funcional dos indivíduos acometidos, exemplo disso são as parestesias faciais e disgeusia. Portanto, desmistifica-se assuntos acerca de traumas ósseos de origem cirúrgica, com o objtevio de uma contribuição literária e novos tratamentos e abordagens científicas. Considerações finais: Anatomicamente, os pré-molares e molares superiores têm uma relação íntima com o seio maxilar e, devido a isso, torna-se a região oral mais comum de ocorrer fraturas, sobretudo a precaução, diagnóstico e tratamento podem ajudar a atenuar as possíveis complicações advindas de incidentes cirúrgicos e evitar complicações não tratadas como a formação do processo buco-sinusal.
Vacuum-assisted Wound Closure with Instillation Followed by Nitinol Clips Application to Treat Deep Sternal Wound Infections After Cardiac Surgery: Evolution of a Two-step Approach
Authors: Saltarocchi Sara , Chourda Emmanouela , D’Abramo Mizar , Saade Wael , Miraldi Fabio
Published: May 2023

Introduction. DSWI, or mediastinitis, is a life-threatening complication following cardiac surgery. Although infrequent, it can cause significant morbidity and mortality, often requires multiple procedures, and increases health care costs. Different treatment approaches have been used. Objective. This article compares closed catheter irrigation with the currently used 2-stage approach using a proprietary vacuum-assisted wound closure with instillation system followed by sternal synthesis with nitinol clips. Materials and Methods. The records of 34 patients with DSWI who underwent cardiac surgery between January 2012 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients received either closed catheter irrigation or vacuum-assisted wound closure with instillation for decontamination and subsequent closure with pectoralis major flaps (with or without the modified Robicsek technique), or more recently, with nitinol clips. Results. Wound healing was achieved in all patients treated with vacuum-assisted wound closure with instillation. In this group, no patients died and the mean hospital stay was reduced. Conclusions. These findings suggest that use of vacuum-assisted wound closure with instillation along with nitinol clips for sternal closure decreases mortality and reduces the length of hospital stay, making it a safer, effective, and less invasive technique for the management of DSWI after cardiac surgery.
Chlorhexidine-impregnated Tulle Gras Versus Polyethylene Nonadhesive Film for Dressing of Donor Site Wounds in Cases of Split-thickness Skin Graft
Authors: Sandhya Iyer , Subramaniyan Prabhakar , Sujata Gade
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Restoration of an intact skin barrier is of utmost importance to prevent infection and wound contractures. Skin grafting is a rapid, effective method of wound coverage. The chief goal of management of the donor area is to achieve early epithelialization without infection. The donor areas need optimum local care to achieve this goal with minimal pain and in a cost-effective manner. Objective. This study compared nonadhesive polyethylene dressings with chlorhexidine-impregnated tulle gras dressings for donor areas. Material and Methods. This was a prospective, randomized, observational study in a tertiary hospital and included 60 patients with posttraumatic, postinfective, or burn wounds. Patients were randomized into 2 groups to receive either chlorhexidine-impregnated tulle gras or polyethylene film for donor area coverage. The pain score, comfort score, completeness of epithelialization, and sequelae were studied in both groups. Results. Patients in the polyethylene film group showed a significantly better comfort score and reduced pain on day 14 as compared with the chlorhexidine group. Time to complete epithelialization was similar in both groups. Conclusions. Polyethylene nonadhesive film dressing is a low-cost, inert, safe, and easily available alternative for donor area dressing and is superior to chlorhexidine-impregnated tulle gras in terms of pain and comfort.
Necrotizing Fasciitis due to Streptococcus constellatus in a Patient with Uncontrolled Diabetes and Bilateral Diabetic Foot Ulceration
Authors: Chang Nicholas , McKee James , Marmolejo Valerie
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Streptococcus constellatus is commensal flora of the oropharyngeal, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tracts with a proclivity for abscess formation. Bacteremia due to S constellatus is rare; however, rising incidences have been reported, particularly in patients with diabetes. Prompt surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy with a cephalosporin are the mainstays of treatment. Case Report. The case presented here involves a patient with poorly controlled diabetes who had necrotizing soft tissue infection secondary to S constellatus. The infection originated from bilateral diabetic foot ulcerations that led to bacteremia and sepsis. Conclusion. Immediate source control with wide and aggressive surgical debridement, initial empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy followed by tailored treatment based on deep operative cultures, and staged closure led to effective limb-salvage and life-sparing intervention for this patient.
PEMETAAN KELAYAKAN AIR TANAH SEBAGAI AIR BERSIH DI DESA TELUK NILAP, KECAMATAN KUBU BABUSSALAM, KABUPATEN ROKAN HILIR, PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Fauzia Sifa , Aurell Reza Dwi Poetri , Mairizki Fitri
Published: May 2023

Desa Teluk Nilap merupakan salah satu daerah di kecamatan Kubu Babussalam, kabupaten Rokan Hilir, Riau. Daerah ini merupakan daerah dataran rendah dengan ketinggian dari permukaan laut 6-10 m dan kedalaman sumber air tanah ≤ 5 m. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan kelayakan kualitas air tanah di derah penelitian sebagai air bersih. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan cara mengumpulkan data air tanah dangkal (sumur gali) di lokasi penelitian. Kemudian, ditentukan titik-titik pengamatan (pumping test) dan pengambilan sampel air tanah dangkal untuk analisis laboratorium. Dari 15 sampel air tanah, didapatkan warna air tanah keruh (60%), coklat (20%), kuning (14%), bening (6%); TDS  berkisar 283,4 – 958,0 mg/l; pH berkisar 5,37- 6,37; kadar Fe berkisar 0,3-30 mg/l; kadar Hg berkisar 0,0009 – 0,02 mg/l dan kadar Pb  berkisar 0,009 – 0,01 mg/l. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran semua parameter fisika dan kimia air tanah di daerah penelitian yang mengacu pada Permenkes No.32 tahun 2017 tentang persyaratan air bersih maka dihasilkan peta kelayakan air tanah yang menunjukan bahwa semua air tanah di daerah penelitian tidak layak digunakan sebagai air bersih.
IDENTIFIKASI KANDUNGAN BORAKS PADA BAKSO YANG BEREDAR DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KECAMATAN TAMBUN SELATAN
Authors: DINDHA ARIESTA RAHMA  , ELFIRA MAYA SARI  , SITI NURFAJRIAH
Published: May 2023

Bakso adalah makanan yang mengandung bahan dasar daging yang digemari oleh masyarakat karena mudah ditemukan dan diolah. Produsen membuat bakso masih banyak yang menggunakan boraks sebagai pengawet dan memiliki tekstur kenyal. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui uji kualitatif boraks dan mengetahui hasil uji kuantitatif boraks pada bakso di Pasar Tradisional Kecamatan Tambun Selatan. Metode sampling yang digunakan purposive sampling. Total sampel 10 diambil dari 5 pasar yang berbeda di wilayah Kecamatan Tambun Selatan. Sampel di uji menggunakan ekstrak ubi ungu didapatkan 2 sampel positif boraks mengalami perubahan warna dari pink menjadi biru menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak ubi ungu mampu mendeteksi boraks. Hasil sampel positif dilakukan analisis dengan spektrofotometri uv-vis dengan panjang gelombang 535 nm untuk mengetahui kadar boraks dalam sampel. Persamaan regresi linear yang diperoleh adalah y = 0,0761x-0,2484 dengan koefisien korelasi 𝑅2 = 0,9952. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dikatakan persamaan regresi yang baik karena nilai 𝑅2 = ≥ 0,99. Hasil uji kuantitatif kadar sampel  RK2 adalah 4,239 mg/L dan sampel TD1 sebesar 14,147 ppm. Bakso positif boraks dilihat secara organoleptik memiliki karakteristik bau menyengat, tekstur lebih kenyal dan berwarna abu- abu pucat. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil sampel bakso RK2 dan TD1 positif mengandung boraks yang telah diuji secara kualitatif dengan ekstrak ubi ungu karena mengalami perubahan warna dari pink menjadi biru kehitaman dan uji kuantitatif diperoleh kadar boraks terkecil pada sampel RK2 sebesar 4,247 ppm dan kadar tertinggi pada sampel TD1 sebesar 14,147 ppm. Sampel yang melebihi standar sebaiknya dilakukan pengenceran karena tinggi nya kadar boraks di dalam sampel.
PEMANFAATAN ZEOLIT ALAM CLINOPTILOLITE-Ca SEBAGAI PENDUKUNG KATALIS ZnO UNTUK MENDEGRADASI ZAT WARNA METHYL ORANGE DENGAN METODA FOTOLISIS
Authors: Zilfa  , Zein Rahmiana , Nurhayatul Rahmi Teti
Published: May 2023

Penelitian mengenai degradasi zat warna Methyl Orange  dengan metoda fotolisis menggunakan katalis ZnO/zeolit telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi kadar zat warna Methyl Orange  yang diketahui berbahaya bagi lingkungan dan kesehatan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan zat warna Methyl Orange dengan konsentrasi 6 mg/L, selanjutnya didegradasi secara fotokatalisis dengan beberapa variasi waktu dan massa katalis untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum dari degradasi Methyl Orange. Analisis hasil degradasi diukur menggunakan spektrofotomet UV-VIS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh persentase degradasi Methyl Orange dengan beberapa perlakuan, yaitu dengan tanpa katalis, dengan zeolit, dengan ZnO. dan dengan ZnO/zeolit . Hasil analisis menunjukkan degradasi tanpa katalis adalah 5,83%, menggunakan zeolite 32,51%, dan menggunakan ZnO 60,09%, selama waktu irradiasi 90 menit.Selanjutnya  degradasi menggunakan katalis ZnO/zeolit persentase degradasi Methyl Orange meningkat menjadi 93,27% (massa katalis 0,8 g dan waktu irradiasi 90 menit). Analisis hasil degradasi metil orange menggunakan FTIR didapatkan behwa terjadi pergeseran bilangan gelombang yang menyatakan terjadinya degradasi. Karakterisadi katalis ZnO/zeolite menggunakan FTIR dan XRD tidak terjadi perubahan struktur dari ZnO/zeolite yang berarti bahwa ZnO/zeolite dapat digunakan sebagai katalis dalam degradasi methyl orange. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat dikatakan bahwa katalis ZnO/zeolit berhasil meningkatkan persentase degradasi Methyl Orange dibandingkan menggunakan katalis ZnO saja dan zeolit saja.
ANALISIS MINAT BELAJAR SISWA MENGGUNAKAN DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA MATERI SISTEM PERIODIK UNSUR di SMA CENDANA PEKANBARU
Authors: Angraini Sinnoni , Okmarisa Heppy
Published: May 2023

Minat belajar peserta didik imbas terhadap kegiatan serta akibat belajar peserta didik, dan pemilihan contoh pula sangat penting pada pembelajaran sebab dapat memberi pengaruh atas minat belajar murid pada pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini artinya buat memahami minat belajar peserta didik memakai Discovery Learning di materi sistem periodik unsur pada Sekolah Menengan Atas Cendana Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini dilakukan di tahun ajaran 2022/2023 pada SMA Cendana Pekanbaru. Metode yang dipakai pada penelitian ini yakni deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan sampel 30 peserta didik. Instrumen yang dupergunakan merupakan angket, wawancara serta observasi menggunakan indikator minat belajar yakni, keterlibatan murid, ketertarikan murid, perhatian murid serta perasaan senang murid. Hasil analisis data menghasilkan bahwa 22 peserta didik dalam kategori sangat tinggi dengan persentase 73% serta 8 peserta didik dalam kategori tinggi dengan persentase 27%. Empat indikator yg di uji menunjukkan bahwasanya keterlibatanpeserta didik 87%, perhatian peserta didik 87,7%, ketertarikan peserta didik 85,6% serta perasaan senang peserta didik 88,5%.
Time-temperature superposition of polybutadiene vitrimers
Authors: Ricarte Ralm , Shanbhag Sachin , Ezzeddine Dana , Barzycki Daniel , Fay Kevin
Published: May 2023

A vitrimer has covalent cross-links that preserve network connectivity but permit topology fluctuations through dynamic exchange reactions. In this work, we investigate the linear rheology of polybutadiene (PB) vitrimers bearing cross-links that exchange via dioxaborolane metathesis. PB vitrimers are cross-linked in solution using photoinitiated thiol-ene click chemistry. As the targeted cross-link density is increased, both the insoluble fraction and glass transition temperature increase. Linear viscoelasticity is studied using a combination of small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS), creep, and stress relaxation measurements. In SAOS, the elastic modulus is approximately constant while the viscous modulus increases as angular frequency decreases. In creep, the compliance displays power law behavior that persists for at least 8 hrs. In stress relaxation, the modulus transitions from a rubbery plateau into a power law regime. Both SAOS and creep data are visually superposed into master curves using horizontal shift factors that exhibit Arrhenius behavior. However, the activation energies of the SAOS shift factors are smaller than those of the creep shift factors. The SAOS activation energies match the effective Williams-Landel-Ferry activation energy for PB homopolymer, indicating that the short time dynamics correspond to network strand segment relaxations. In contrast, the creep activation energies are significantly larger than the activation energies predicted by established theoretical models for transient networks. We speculate that the discrepancy between experiment and theory is due to the temperature dependence of the cross-linker mobility within the vitrimer matrix, which is not fully captured by established theoretical models.
Coherent Dynamic Nuclear Polarization using Chirped Pulses
Authors: Quan Yifan , Subramanya Manoj V. H. , Ouyang Yifu , Mardini Michael , Dubroca Thierry , Hill Stephen , Griffin Robert G.
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a study of coherent dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) using frequency swept pulses at 94 GHz which optimize the polarization transfer efficiency. Accordingly, an enhancement ℇ∼496 was observed using 10mM trityl-OX063 as the polarizing agent in a standard d8-glycerol:D2O:H2O :: 6:3:1 glassing matrix at 70K. At present this is the largest DNP enhancement reported at this microwave frequency and temperature. Furthermore, the frequency swept pulses enhance the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal and reduce the recycle delay, accelerating the NMR signal acquisition.
High energy dissipation rates from the impingement of free paper-thin sheets of liquids: Determination of the volume of the energy dissipation zone
Authors: Demyanovich Robert
Published: May 2023

The micromixing time of impinging thin liquid sheets depends upon the energy dissipation rate (ϵ). Earlier work studied the coefficient of restitution of the collision, which sets the amount of energy released [1]. The purpose of this study was to determine the volume of the energy dissipation zone. High-speed video was used to measure the velocity of features, generated in the front single sheet, as they passed through the impingement zone (IZ) and into the mixed sheet. The experimental results show that the released kinetic energy is dissipated within the residence time of the impingement zone (t_r). A new equation for ϵ_IZ (ϵ calculated based on a volume equal to the IZ volume) was developed and compared with ϵ derived from turbulence energy cascade theory: ϵ = C_ϵ{U_Λ}^2/t_Λ where C_ϵ is the dimensionless dissipation rate coefficient, {U_Λ}^2 is the turbulent kinetic energy and t_Λ is the large eddy turnover time. When the minimum value of C_ϵ (C_{ϵA} ) ≈ 0.5, t_Λ ≈ t_r. These results agree with the notion from turbulence energy cascade theory that large, energy-containing eddies lose their energy within t_Λ. For ϵ_IZ > 3x10^4 W/kg, C_ϵ/C_{ϵA} ≈ 1. At lower values of ϵ_IZ, C_ϵ > C_{ϵA}, and ϵ > ϵ_IZ (ϵ = ϵ_IZ C_ϵ/C_{ϵA}). For impinging sheets, C_ϵ was found to impact the rate at which kinetic energy is lost from the large eddies and not the amount of kinetic energy that is released by the collision.
Low-Temperature, Single-Source, Chemical Vapor Deposition of Molybdenum Nitride Thin Films
Authors: Land Michael , Lomax Justin , Barry Sean
Published: May 2023

The 1,4-di-tert-butyl-1,3-diazabutadiene adduct of bis(tert-butylimido)dichloro-molybdenum(VI), (tBuN)2MoCl2·dad, was used as a single-source precursor for the chemical vapor deposition of molybdenum nitride from 350 – 600ºC. Deposition at 400 ºC had a growth rate of 55 nm·h−1 and was comprised of a mixture of Mo2N and MoN, based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction results. The films are essentially featureless and are as smooth as the underlying substrate, based on atomic force microscopy measurements. Because the depositions could be carried out at a low temperature there was minimal carbon (1.4%) inclusion in the film as shown by XPS.
Assessing the Performance of Approximate Density Functional Theory on 95 Experimentally Characterized Fe(II) Spin Crossover Complexes
Authors: Vennelakanti Vyshnavi , Taylor Michael , Nandy Aditya , Duan Chenru , Kulik Heather
Published: May 2023

Spin crossover (SCO) complexes, which exhibit changes in spin state in response to external stimuli, have applications in molecular electronics and are challenging materials for computational design. We curate a data set of 95 Fe(II) SCO complexes (SCO-95) from the Cambridge Structural Database that have available low- and high-temperature crystal structures and, in most cases, confirmed experimental spin transition temperatures (T1/2). We study these complexes using density functional theory (DFT) with thirty functionals spanning across multiple rungs of “Jacob’s ladder” to understand the effect of exchange-correlation functional on electronic and Gibbs free energies associated with spin crossover. We specifically assess the effect of varying the Hartree–Fock exchange fraction (aHF) in structures and properties within the B3LYP family of functionals. We identify three best-performing functionals, a modified version of B3LYP (aHF = 0.10), M06-L, and TPSSh, that accurately predict SCO behavior for the majority of the complexes. Contrary to observations from prior studies, double-hybrids with higher aHF values are found to strongly stabilize high-spin states and therefore exhibit poor performance in predicting SCO behavior. Computationally predicted T1/2 values are consistent among the three functionals but show limited correlation to experimentally reported T1/2 values. These failures are attributed to the lack of crystal packing effects and counter-anions in the DFT calculations that would be needed to account for phenomena like hysteresis and two-step SCO behavior. The SCO-95 set thus presents opportunities for method development, both in terms of increasing model complexity and method fidelity.
Electrostatic tuning of transmission in NbS2/WSe2 Lateral Hetero-Structures: A computational study
Authors: Kumari Poonam , Golsanamlou Zahra , Smogunov Alexander , Sementa Luca , Fortunelli Alessandro
Published: May 2023

We present a first-principles computational study of the NbS2/WSe2 junction between two transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers as a prototypical metal/semiconductor 2-dimensional (2D) lateral hetero-structure (LH) to investigate the effects of electrostatic perturbations on electron transport in 2D LH systems. In order to simulate electrostatic (charged or dipolar) defects in the substrate, we introduce ionic systems (LiF lines) properly positioned in two different configurations and study cases, corresponding to modeling two different phenomena: (i) an electrostatic defect in the middle of the semiconducting part of the hetero-structure (qualitatively analogous to a gate voltage opposing transmission), and (ii) an electrostatic perturbation re-aligning and flattening the electrostatic potential along the asymmetric LH junction. In the former case, we determine a substantial decrease of transmission even for small values of the perturbation (providing information that can be used to achieve a quantitative correlation between substrate-induced defectivity and device performance degradation in experiment), whereas in the latter we predict that electron transport can be significantly enhanced by properly tuning external electrostatic perturbations at the interface.
A Molecular-Level Mechanistic Framework for Interfacial Proton Coupled Electron Transfer Kinetics
Authors: Lewis Noah , Bisby Ryan , Westendorff Karl , Soudackov Alexander , Surendranath Yogesh
Published: May 2023

Electrochemical proton coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions are critical to energy conversion and catalysis. These reactions can be driven by outer-sphere electron transfer to a soluble molecule (OS-PCET) or through an inner-sphere mechanism by interfacial polarization of a surface-bound active site (I-PCET). The pH-dependent kinetics of OS-PCET have been extensively studied at the molecular level, but the inherent heterogeneity of most surfaces has impeded molecular-level understanding of I-PCET. Herein, we employ graphite conjugated carboxylic acids (GC COOH) as molecularly well-defined hosts of I-PCET to isolate the intrinsic pH dependent kinetics of this reaction. Using variable scan rate voltammetry, we measure the rates of I-PCET across the entire pH range and find a pronounced “V”-shaped dependence on pH with a rate minimum at pH 10 that rises log-linearly to pH 0 and pH 14. This kinetic profile spans three orders of magnitude in rate and lacks the pH-independent regions characteristic of electrochemical OS-PCET reactions. To explain these trends, we develop a mechanistic model for I PCET that invokes CPET involving hydronium/water or water/hydroxide donor-acceptor pairs. This relatively simple model captures the entire data set with only four adjustable parameters corresponding to the standard rate constants and charge transfer coefficients of the two donor/acceptor couples. From this analysis, we find that I PCET with water/hydroxide is four-fold more sluggish than with hydronium/water, but both reactions display similar charge transfer coefficients near 0.7, indicating a late transition state. These studies highlight the key mechanistic and kinetic distinctions between OS PCET and I-PCET and provide a baseline framework for understanding and modeling more complex I PCET reactions critical to energy conversion and catalysis.
DFT studies of fluorescence probe for selective detection of Zn2+ in the presence of Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ ions
Authors: Weerasinghe Krishanthi , Wang Lichang
Published: May 2023

Fluorescence sensors are an important analytical tool for monitoring biologically relevant analytes. For instance, an anthracene based sensor was designed and characterized for the detection of Zn2+ in our previous studies. However, the selective detection of such a sensor in the presence of other metal cations is a critically important factor for its practical application. In this work, we employed density functional theory calculations to study the selectivity of this anthracene sensor in the detection of Zn2+ in the presence of Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+. DFT results indicate that the selectivity of the sensor on Zn2+ detection over the cations Ca2+, Mg2+, and Hg2+ due to the binding selectivity as Zn2+ binds favorably to the sensor while Ca2+, Mg2+, and Hg2+ are no binding. Although Cu2+ binds to the sensor stronger than Zn2+, the chelated sensor by Cu2+ reduces the UV-Vis absorption at the free sensor wavelength by 10 times and the fluorescence pathway is also enhanced by the chelation, thus resulting response selectivity of Zn2+ over Cu2+ . Therefore, the present DFT study shows that the sensor selectivity on Zn 2+ detection in the presence of Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ is due to a combination of binding selectivity and response selectivity.
Reliable Gas Phase Reaction Rates at Affordable Cost by Means of the Parameter-Free junChS-F12 Model Chemistry
Authors: Barone Vincenzo , Lupi Jacopo , Salta Zoi , Tasinato Nicola
Published: May 2023

A recently developed strategy for the computation at affordable cost of reliable barrier heights ruling reactions in the gas-phase (junChS, [Barone et al. J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2021, 17, 4913-4928]) has been extended to the employment of explicitly-correlated (F12) methods. A thorough benchmark based on a wide range of prototypical reactions shows that the new model (referred to as junChS-F12), which employs cost-effective revDSD-PBEP86-D3(BJ) reference geometries, has an improved performance with respect to its conventional counterpart and outperforms the most well-known model chemistries without the need of any empirical parameter and at an affordable computational cost. Several benchmarks show that revDSD-PBEP86- D3(BJ) structures and force fields provide zero point energies and thermal contributions, which can be confidently used, together with junChS-F12 electronic energies, for obtaining accurate reaction rates in the framework of the master equation approach based on the ab initio transition-state theory.
Contribution of Religious Leaders in Behavioral Education in Adolescents
Authors: Dollah Hajjah Sri Rahayu Nurjanah binti Haji , Ulfah Farida
Published: May 2023

This research departs from the problem of adolescent ethics which is very concerning, where teenagers who used to be polite but now have less ethics (morals), teenagers now speak harsh words that have become commonplace, even reluctant to participate in religious activities. such as recitation and ethics education provided by religious leaders to the community, youth, and young children. This study aims to find out what perceptions exist in society about the role of religious leaders in adolescents, to determine the contribution of religious leaders in shaping behavior in adolescents, to determine the condition of adolescent behavior in Tanjungbaru Village, Cikarang Timur Bekasi. This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study used observation and interviews, supplemented by secondary data in the form of reference books, as well as previous research relevant to the research theme to support data in the field. This study uses the theory of structural functionalism from Talcott Parsons about change. The findings of this study are regarding the Contribution of Religious Leaders in Behavioral Education for Adolescents. A Descriptive Study of Ethics Education for Adolescents in Tanjung Baru Village, Kec. East Cikarang Regency. Bekasi, based on research results the contribution made by religious figures in behavioral (ethical) education to adolescents is by (1) establishing Islamic boarding schools, (2) mosque youth bonds (IRMAS), (3) exemplary, (4) direct advice or lectures.
Mediatisasi Agama dan Penanaman Nilai Keagamaan Islam dan Kristen Melalui Media Sosial: Studi pada Kanal Youtube Superbook Indonesia dan Nussa Rara
Authors: Arafah Dewi Sinta Setiawati , Fitriani Dinda Arsi , Rahman Mohammad Taufiq
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang bagaimana peran media dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai keagamaan terhadap anak pada animasi Superbook Indonesia dan Nussa Rara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif, melalui pengumpulan data secara kepustakaan (library research). Penelitian ini menemukan fakta bahwa: pertama, dakwah harus dilakukan dengan cara yang baik, arif dan bijaksana agar dakwah mudah diterima oleh semua kalangan. Kedua, sebelum berdakwah hendaknya memperhatikan adab-adab dalam menyampaikan pesan dakwah agar bahasa yang digunakan tidak mengandung diskriminatif maupun provokatif. Ketiga, media dakwah seperti Superbook Indonesia sangat baik dan berperan penting dalam menyampaikan pesan Tuhan melalui kartun yang dikemas semenarik mungkin sehingga dapat menarik minat untuk belajar agama secara online bagi kalangan anak-anak maupun remaja kristiani. Dakwah tidak hanya dilakukan melalui lisan dan tatap muka di tempat-tempat ibadah saja akan tetapi sekarang dengan semakin majunya teknologi maka dakwah dapat dilakukan melalui sosial media seperti Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Radio, Televisi, Youtube dan media sosial lainnya. Dengan begitu, kemajuan perkembangan teknologi yang tersedia harus dimanfaatkan sebaik mungkin dengan berbagai macam tujuan tanpa terlepas dalam hal agama. Maka diperlukan informasi yang lengkap mengenai penggunaan media terhadap para pemuka agama supaya penyebaran berbagai agama dapat maksimal dan diterima baik oleh para jamaahnya.
A systematic review study on online distance teacher education
Authors: Mazhar Bal , Savas Pamuk
Published: May 2023

Academic research on the use of technology and distance learning to facilitate teacher education has generated various insights and knowledge, which are the contributions of research on online distance teacher education. This research has explored topics such as teaching strategies and learners, distance education and information technologies, prospective teachers and collaboration, science, mathematics, and teacher education. The main purpose of this study is to examine the contributions of research on online distance teacher education and to conduct a bibliometric mapping analysis. Ninety-eight articles published from 1998 to 2021 were included in the Web of Science (WOS) database, which was accessed from a total of 178 publications. These articles underwent text-based mapping and bibliometric data-based analysis for the study. The results indicate that universities on the African continent have conducted more research on this topic. Van Wyk, Barquero, and Blignaut emerged as the most impactful authors in the field, while Garrison, Anderson, Darling-Hammond, Moore, and Perraton garnered the highest number of citations. The findings of this study provide guidance for those who want to conduct research in this field.