bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Phytoestrogen Genistein Actions on Breast Cancer:
Insights on Estrogen Receptor Equivalence, Pleiotropic Essence and
Emerging Paradigms in Bioavailability Modulation
Authors: Malik Parth , Singh Raj , Kumar Mukesh , Malik Anuj , Mukherjee Tapan Kumar
Published: January 2023

Prevalent as a major phenolic ingredient of soy and soy products, genistein is recognized as an eminent phytoestrogen owing to its interacting ability with estrogen receptors (ERs). The met-abolic conversion of plant-derived genistin to genistein by gut microbes and intestinal enzymes en-hances its absorption at intestinal pH of ~7.5-7.8. Genistein interferes in breast cancer (BC) devel-opment via pleiotropic actions on cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Though multiple investigations have demonstrated genistein intake-driven reduced BC risk, similar efficacy has not been replicated in clinical trials. Furthermore, multiple studies have structurally and func-tionally equated genistein extents with 17-β-estradiol (E2), the most available physiological estro-gen in females, culminating in aggravated BC growth. Of note, both genistein and E2 function via interacting with ERs (ERα and ERβ). However, although E2 shows almost equal affinity towards both ERα and ERβ, genistein shows more affinity towards ERβ than ERα. Our cautious literature survey revealed typical intake mode, ER expression pattern and the ratio of ERα and ERβ, transac-tivators/regulators of ERα and ERβ expression and activities, patient age, and menopausal status as decisive factors affecting genistein BC activities. Of further interest are the mechanisms by which genistein inhibits triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), which lack ERs, progesterone receptors (PRs), and human epidermal growth factor receptors (HER2). Herein, we attempt to understand the dosage-specific genistein actions in BC cells and patients with an insight into its better response via derivative development, nanocarrier-assisted, and combinatorial delivery with chemotherapeutic drugs.
Formulation Development and Evaluation of Apremilast Nanoemulgel for
Enhancing Permeability
Authors: Patel Neelam , Chaudhary Sunita , Chaudhary Ankit
Published: January 2023

Background:

Oral apremilast, a selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, is effective in the
treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and acute psoriatic arthritic disease. According to
BCS categorization, it is a class IV medication, which denotes low solubility and lesser permeability
through the skin.

Objective:

The objective of the research is to develop a nanoemulsion that will increase apremilast’s
skin permeability. Utilizing a simplex lattice design, an optimised nanoemulsion has been developed,
and then transformed into a gel form and created as a nanoemulgel.

Method:

The nanoemulsion was developed by selecting the oil, surfactant, co-surfactant, and cosolvent,
in that order, based on the solubility study, and was then evaluated based on various criteria.
Different grades and concentrations of carbopol polymer were used to make nanoemulgel, which was
then tested for physicochemical parameters like pH, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, percentage
of drug content, percentage of drug diffusion, skin permeation, and skin retention. For skin irritancy
tests, male Wistar albino rats weighing between 200 and 250 g were used to find out how likely it was
that apremilast-loaded nanoemulgel would cause skin irritation.

Result:

The nanoemulsion formulation A5 containing 10% Captex 355 and 40% Smix in a 3:1 ratio
of Cremophore RH 40: Labrafil showed the smallest particle size and greatest drug diffusion. In comparison
to other formulations of emulgel, the 0.75 % concentration of carbopol 940 produced the best
results.

Conclusion:

A stable nanoemulgel system with apremilast loaded was created, and a number of process
factors were assessed. The optimised batch produced repeatable results when evaluated, exhibited
no skin irritation, and was shown to be stable after three months at ambient conditions of temperature
and humidity.
Myristicin Suppresses Gastric Cancer Growth via Targeting the EGFR/
ERK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Bo , Zhang Shengsheng , Song Jin , Xu Xiaolong , He Shasha , Wang Ning , Bai Yunjing , Chen Zhaoxia
Published: January 2023

Background:

Myristicin is a type of natural compound showing anti-proliferative, anti-microbial,
and anti-inflammatory effects. However, its role in gastric cancer treatment remains unknown.

Objective:

In this study, the effect of myristicin on gastric cancer as well as its underlying mechanism
was investigated.

Methods:

Human gastric cancer cells were exposed to various concentrations of myristicin (0, 7.8125,
15.625, and 31.25 μM) for 48 h. Then CCK-8, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and Hoechst staining
were performed to evaluate the cell proliferation and apoptosis. The levels of proteins associated with
cell cycle, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and EGFR/ERK signaling pathway were detected
by western blot. JC-1 staining was conducted to determine the mitochondrial membrane potential.
On the other hand, the effect of myristicin on gastric cancer growth and apoptosis was also determined
in vivo.

Results:

Myristicin retarded proliferation and induced ER stress and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells,
with decreased expression of cyclins, increased Bax expression, activated caspases, and enhanced cytochrome
C release and mitochondrial ROS. Furthermore, the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway was restrained
by myristicin. In addition, EGFR over-expression abolished the inhibitory function of myristicin
on proliferation, apoptosis, and ER stress. Also, myristicin inhibited the growth of gastric cancer cells as
well as the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway in vivo.

Conclusion:

Myristicin exerts an anti-cancer effect on gastric cancer cells by restraining the EGFR/ ERK
signaling pathway. It may have the potential to be applied as a novel drug in gastric cancer treatment.
One Pot Synthesis of Oximes from Carbonyl Compounds Catalysed by Vanadium(
V) Complex
Authors: Kurbah Sunshine Dominic
Published: January 2023

Background:

An eco-friendly catalyst was synthesized in good yield and characterized by various physicochemical techniques. The catalytic performance of the environmentally benign complex was investigated via slurry synthesis of oximes. The catalytic studies were successfully carried out using a simple protocol. The fascinating advantage of this protocol is cost effectiveness, simple work up, good yield, short reactions time, and milder reaction conditions.

Methods:

The complex was prepared by reaction of vanadium pentoxide with hydrazone ligand in 1:1 molar ratios, and to this reaction mixture, potassium carbonate (0.14 g, 1 mmol) was added and ground till fine yellow colour powder appeared. Oximations were carried out by reacting the substrates, 15 % H2O2, ammonia and vanadium(V) complex. The reaction was taken in a mortar and ground till a fine powder appeared. After completion of the reaction, the crude product was extracted using dichloromethane/water in 1:2, v/v, evaporated and dried under vacuum.

Results:

We synthesized different varieties of oximes using our newly synthesized complex as a catalyst. The products were characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The completion of the reaction was monitored by checking the complete disappearance of the aldehyde proton and the appearance of oxime protons. We also grew some single crystals of the products to provide further supporting evidences about the formation of products.

Conclusion:

Oximation of various carbonyl compounds was prepared quantitatively under the slurry condition, using {[K(H¬2O)3][V(O)2L]}2 as a catalyst. The catalytic reactions can be carried out under mild conditions, with ease of scalability, and straightforward work-up procedure, which makes the present protocols greener and better alternative methods for the synthesis of oximes.
Imagens de Santa Cecília na pintura portuguesa dos séculos XVII e XVIII: devoção, usos e funções, fontes e modelos
Authors: Duarte Sónia
Published: January 2023

The survey of musical iconography in Portuguese paintings that we have been carrying out in recent years has revealed a very considerable number of specimens with the representation of Santa Cecilia, especially in the north and center of the country. Patroness of music according to a debatable biographical account that indicates the virgin heard during her wedding the sound of divine music, Santa Cecilia appears to us represented in hagiological strategically placed on the ceiling of coenobias, churches, public and private chapels. Starting from the organisation of the Cecilian image in seven predominant typologies, we will list aspects related to her devotion, sources and models used by painters in representations, as well as the uses and functions of the Cecilian image in Portugal. This first survey and study of the image of Santa Cecília in Portugal is naturally incomplete.
Between devotional practice and propaganda: miraculous images of the Virgin Mary in Marian pilgrimage churches in Slovenian Styria
Authors: Bratusa Tina
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this paper is to discuss different aspects of the miraculous depictions of the Virgin Mary in selected Marian pilgrimage churches in Styria, Slovenia. The paper focuses in particular on the devotional practices and propaganda context associated with such depictions of the Virgin Mary.Throughouthistory Styrians — Slovenian and Austrian alike — have been particularly strongly attached to the Virgin Mary as the patron of the Habsburg lands. Consequently, miraculous images of the Virgin Mary in various forms were widespread. The immense popularity of the Virgin Mary and the miraculousness attributed to her images encouraged the foundation of many pilgrim routes and churches. The importance of such images can be seen in ex-votos, miracle books, the depictions of miracles in church interiors as well as the numerous holy cards, not to mention the diverse devotional practices
A la luz de un candelabro: el exvoto judío de la Fiesta de la Dedicación
Authors: Benner Gabriela
Published: January 2023

In Judaism, the sun, moon and stars are observed to determine the date of the seasons and festivals or devotional times. In the Hebrew calendar, the beginning of a new day is marked at sunset and when the first stars of the night appear. Among the objects that mark dates expressing the joy of memorable times are the Hanukkah candlesticks, objects of devotion and piety, indispensable for the Festival of Lights and commemorating the rededication of the second Temple in Jerusalem. In this study we present several devotional candelabra and identify their relationship to the Hebrew ritual and present them as Jewish ex-votos.
La muerte de Cristo en la Galicia medieval: un recorrido por los medios y formas de las imágenes escultóricas del Crucificado
Authors: Carreño Sara
Published: January 2023

This paper draws an itinerary through the different medieval pieces preserved in Galicia in which the image of the crucified Christ is depicted. Given the enormous heterogeneity of the pieces, this study is devoted to making an inventory exclusively of works produced in stone and wood. It provides a typological classification of these artworks and a brief interpretation of their functions. Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to offer an approach to the Galician panorama that can serve as a resource for academic studies interested in conducting a comparative analysis in which to include the Galician reality
Discursos litúrgicos en piedra y metal. De los altares de Oviedo, Sahagún y Compostela a los de Mondoñedo, Ribas de Sil y O Incio
Authors: Castiñeiras López Javier
Published: January 2023

In the renewal of visual culture in Romanesque times, liturgical furniture played a fundamental role, with the altar being the most privileged figurative space, as a fundamental cultic object for the configuration of the new ritual spaces. With this work we propose a review of some of the main Romanesque altars in the region (Santiago de Compostela, Oviedo, San Esteban de Ribas de Sil, etc.) in order to analyse the value of the images they reproduce in relation to the new vectors of Romanesque culture.
A outra que eu não sei, por não ter voz, ficou na escuridão por inventar. Travestir o mundo
Authors: Amaral Ana Luísa
Published: January 2023

In this essay published posthumously, Ana Luísa Amaral reflects on the transvestism of the voice – a process that always happens in poetry as it involves the creation of disconnected selves (however tangent they may be) from the one who has created them. Revisiting some of her essays from Arder a Palavra, the poet uses her own poetry to illustrate her critical reasoning
Analisis Pengaruh Penggantian Beban Sebagai Elemen Jaringan pada Aliran Daya
Authors: Shidiq Mahfudz , Utomo Teguh , Fikri Zakkiyul
Published: January 2023

Bus-bus beban selama ini hanya dianggap sebagai beban saja tanpa dianggap sebagai elemen jaringan. Menganggap beban sebagai elemen jaringan berarti bus-bus beban dapat dimasukkan ke dalam admitansi atau impedansi jaringan. Hasil iterasi untuk mencapai konvergen, analisis aliran daya dengan menganggap beban sebagai elemen jaringan (170 iterasi) lebih banyak dibandingkan analisis daya standar (168 iterasi). Ini membuktikan analisis daya standar pada sistem jaringan IEEE 14 Bus mempunyai tingkat iterasi yang lebih baik. Kecepatan iterasi untuk mencapai konvergensi berbanding lurus dengan tingkat iterasinya, semakin sedikit tingkat iterasinya maka semakin cepat untuk mencapai konvergen. Total rugi-rugi daya, pada pada kedua metode adalah sebesar 0.4315 + 0.6764i (pu) dengan nilai konvergensi sebesar 0.00001.
Performasi Metode Algoritma First Maximum Expansion pada Penjadwalan Kanal Uplink untuk Long Term Evolution
Authors: Purnomo Muhammad Fauzan Edy , Purnomowati Endah Budi , Iswara Wanaputri
Published: January 2023

LTE adalah salah satu jaringan telekomunikasi yang memiliki keunggulan utama berupa data rate yang tinggi, karena keunggulan tersebut membuat jaringan ini menjadi salah satu jaringan yang paling banyak digunakan. ini menimbulkan permasalahan baru dimana sumber daya radio harus digunakan seefektifÂ  dan seefisien mungkin untuk memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik. Pelayanan yang dimaksud adalah alokasi sumber daya radio berupa resource block kepada user aktif. Proses alokasi ini disebut dengan penjadwalan/scheduling, dan dibutuhkan sebuah algoritma untuk menjalankan penjadwalan tersebut. Penjadwalan yang digunakan pada penelitian kali ini yaitu First Maximum Expansion (FME) untuk parameter uji BER, throughput, dan fairness.Â  Penelitian ini dilakukaan dengan proses simulasi pada skenario single cell pada dua kondisi yaitu LOS dan NLOS, dan juga menggunakan 4 skenario dengan pengaruh variasi jarak dan jumlah user. Saat menggunakan algoritma FME didapatkan hasil fairness yang sangat bagus di tiap skenarionya pada variasi jumlah user dan jarak user terhadap eNodeB, hasil yang didapatkan sekitar 0,96-0,99 yang sangat mendekati angka 1 yang mengartikan bahwa nilai fairness index pada algoritma ini sangat baik. Sedangkan untuk hasil BER dan throughput cukup bervariatif untuk variasi jumlah user dan jarak user terhadap eNodeB. Variasi jumlah user menyebabkan nilai BER dan throughput cenderung tetap seiring bertambahnya jumlah user. Variasi jarak user mempunyai pengaruh secara langsung terhadap nilai BER dan berpengaruh secara tidak langsung terhadap nilai throughput.
Rancang Bangun Teknologi Blockchain Pada Sistem Keamanan Data Jaringan Sensor
Authors: Muttaqin Adharul , Razak Angger Abdul , Ramadhan Faris Aulia
Published: January 2023

Kehadiran internet membuka banyak peluang baru. Dari begitu banyak peluang, ada yang positif seperti pemanfaatan internet untuk komunikasi, tetapi juga ada peluang yang disalahgunakan sehingga terjadilah kejahatan siber. Kejahatan siber kerap terjadi di dalam jaringan, tak terkecuali pada jaringan sensor. Jaringan sensor memiliki tingkat kerawanan yang tinggi terhadap berbagai macam serangan siber termasuk di antaranya adalah perubahan data yang dapat menyebabkan data menjadi korup. Pada penelitian ini, Blockchain digunakan untuk menjaga dan menjaga integritas data pada jaringan sensor dengan memanfaatkan algoritma SHA-256. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana Blockchain diterapkan pada sensor jaringan dan bagaimana performa Blockchain pada sensor jaringan. Dengan parameter penguji berupa kesesuaian blok, waktu yang diperlukan untuk membuat blok, serta ukuran penyimpanan blok, didapatkan bahwa blok pada Blockchain tidak mengalami kecacatan, dengan rata-rata waktu eksekusi 1,69 detik dengan kompleksitas waktu yang linear dan rata-rata ukuran blok sebesar 176 bytes pada setiap blok setelah blok pertama.
Identifikasi Motor DC dengan Metode Recursive Least Square
Authors: Muslim Muhammad Aziz , Nusantoro Goegoes Dwi , Pribadi Dion Putra
Published: January 2023

Motor DC Minertia tipe UGTMEM-03STC25 merupakan salah satu alat di Laboratorium Sistem Kontrol Universitas Brawijaya Malang. Dengan menggunakan metode RLS motor DC Minertia tipe UGTMEM-03STC25 diperoleh model terbaik adalah orde 4 dengan parameter a1 = -0.405, a2 = -0.01, a3 = -0.0123, a4 = -0.0138, b1 = 0.0095, b2 = 0.0169, b3 = 0.9036, dan b4 = -0.3521. Setelah dilakukan uji validitas data percobaan dengan whiteness test, akaike's FPE, dan Fitness test Motor DC Minertia tipe UGTMEM-03STC25 didapatkan hasil nilai PRBS dengan batas bawah 50 dan batas atas 70 mendapatkan nilai Best Fits sebesar 83.3973% dan nilai FPE 0.1041, dan ketika nilai PRBS dengan batas bawah 60 dan batas atas 90 mendapatkan nilai Best Fits 90.4838% dan nilai FPE 0.1891 dan nilai PRBS dengan batas bawah 50 dan batas atas 90 mendapatkan nilai Best Fits 92.2456% dan nilai FPE 0.1065. Angka keakurasian ini dinyatakan dalam persentase, dimana semakin besar nilainya (maksimal 100%) dapat diartikan keluaran model sudah mendekati keluaran sistem yang sesungguhnya. dan nilai FPE pada data-data tersebut sudah sangat mendekati nol semakin kecil nilai FPE yang didapat, maka model tersebut semakin mewakili system yang telah dimodelkan.
Operasi Morfologi dan Teknik Histogram pada Sistem Deteksi Plat Nomor Kendaraan Bermotor
Authors: Rahmadwati Rahmadwati , Razak Angger Abdul , Huda Masykur
Published: January 2023

Setiap kendaraan memiliki identitas berupa nomor kendaraan atau plat yang resmi dari kepolisian. Sistem pengenal/pengidentifikasi mobil otomatis atau Automatic License Plate Recognation(ALPR) telah menjadi salah satu hal yang penting. ALPR dapat diimplementasikan pada berbagai kebutuhan seperti sistem perparkiran, pengawasan jalan tol, pengawasan lalu lintas dan sebagainya. Sistem ini memiliki peranan penting dalam keberhasilan identifikasi karakter/nomor plat kendaraan. Namun, penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya kebanyakan hanya membuat deteksi pada plat kendaraan pribadi atau yang berwarna hitam. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini penulis akan membuat system deteksi area plat yang tidak hanya pada plat kendaraan pribadi (hitam), melainkan pada plat kendaraan umum (kuning) dan juga kendaraan milik pemerintah (merah) menggunakan teknik histogram dan operasi morfologi. Hasil dari penelitian ini dari 40 citra uji didapatkan bahwa teknik histogram dan operasi morfologi citra dapat diterapkan dalam deteksi area plat mobil dengan hasil yang baik, dengan angka akurasi rata-rata 90%Â
Deteksi Osilasi Kontrol Proses Industri dengan Menggunakan Jaringan Saraf Tiruan - Review
Authors: Tsanya Nukman Tsaqib , Wardana A.N.I. , Effendy Nazrul
Published: January 2023

Osilasi kontrol loop adalah salah satu masalah yang sering terjadi di proses industri. Osilasi menyebabkan variabel proses tidak dapat dipertahankan pada kondisi yang diinginkan yang akan menyebabkan kerugian finansial pada industri. Selama beberapa tahun terakhir sudah banyak penelitian yang dilakukan, dan salah satu pendekatan yang semakin banyak digunakan adalah menggunakan jaringan saraf tiruan (JST). Tulisan ini memberikan gambaran tentang karakterisktik JST dan penerapannya untuk deteksi dan diagnosis osilasi kontrol pada proses industri. Dari beberapa studi yang dipelajari, arsitektur JST yang paling umum dipilih untuk proses deteksi osilasi adalah multilayer perceptron (MLP), convulational neural network (CNN) dan recurrent neural network (RNN). Tiap arsitektur tersebut memiliki karakteristik dan fungsi yang berbeda. MLP memiliki karakteristik yang sederhana, dan fleksibel dibandingkan jaringan lainnya. CNN bekerja sangat baik untuk melakukan teknik deteksi dengan menggunakan pengenalan pola. Sementara RNN sangat baik digunakan untuk mendeteksi sistem dinamis pada proses industri.
Implementation of The Iot System as The Condition Regulator of The Electrical Engineering Department's Laboratory Room
Authors: Setyawan Indra , Suyono Hadi , Nur Hasanah Rini
Published: January 2023

Technological developments in the 4.0 era are currently growing rapidly, one of the advantages is that it makes it easier for users to control electronic equipment remotely. Only with a device, users can access all information through connectivity called the Internet of Think. The Internet of Things is a technological concept where all electronic equipment is interconnected with internet media so that it can be controlled or monitored from wherever the user needs it. The purpose of this research is to create a room condition control system based on the Internet of Think, where the device can be operated either automatically according to the schedule we set or manually. This system also has a monitoring system via a web server so that we can control and monitor the device without having to approach the device to turn it on or off. The device made in this study utilizes a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor as a sensor input medium to the controller. As an output, it utilizes a servo that is used to open and close the window so that the condition of the room can be controlled. To control the device remotely, the device is connected wirelessly by using wifi media which is one of the features of the nodemcu controller. The output of this research is the servo status on the window, fan, and air content displayed on the device and the web so that comfortable room conditions can be created according to the predetermined set point.
Deteksi Sleep Apnea Menggunakan Metode Decision Tree dengan Fitur Statistik RR Interval
Authors: Subairi Subairi , Permatasari Delila Cahya , Dirgantara Wahyu , Surya Akbar Gumilang Yandhika , Zahroya J.M.F. Isvine , Haitsam Haitsam
Published: January 2023

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) atau sleep apnea adalah gangguan tidur langka yang memerlukan penggunaan sinyal aktivitas listrik, biasa disebut sebagai elektrogram (ECG), untuk dideteksi. Sinyal ECG terdiri dari bentuk gelombang, durasi, ritme bentuk gelombang, dan orientasi sinyal, yang dapat digunakan ahli jantung untuk mengevaluasi kondisi jantung pasien. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi sleep apnea menggunakan dataset ECG yang ada. Sistem pendeteksi sleep apnea ini diharapkan mampu mendeteksi gangguan pada pasien secara dini dan membantu dokter mendiagnosis pasien secara lebih akurat dan cepat sehingga dapat memberikan penanganan lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini mengusulkan bagaimana mendeteksi sleep apnea dengan perangkat lunak dengan menggunakan parameter statistik dari sinyal interval RR dalam dataset sinyal ECG dan kemudian mengklasifikasikannya menggunakan metode DecisionTree. Proses deteksi sleep apnea yang peneliti usulkan menggunakan interval RR dan proses decision tree memiliki tingkat akurasi 99,5%.
Perancangan Awal Dual Axis Solar Tracking System dengan Penambahan Reflektor dan Water Treatment
Authors: Halim Levin , Wiharja Alvin Rinaldi
Published: January 2023

Energi terbarukan didapat dengan memanfaatkan sumber energi dari alam yang tidak akan habis jika digunakan terus-menerus. Salah satu energi terbarukan adalah energi matahari, dan salah satu cara untuk memanfaatkannya dibutuhkan sebuah alat yang dapat mengubah energi matahari menjadi energi listrik, yaitu panel surya. Pada penelitian ini, dibuat rancangan awal dual axis solar tracking system atau sistem penjejak matahari dengan metode fuzzy logic dan penambahan reflektor serta water treatment. Rancangan yang dibuat pada penelitian kali ini berupa desain CAD menggunakan software SolidWorks. Semua rancangan yang dibuat, diambil dari beberapa referensi yang digabungkan, sedangkan parameter yang digunakan hanya besar sudut atara reflektor dan panel surya.
Desain Koordinasi Sistem Proteksi Untuk Microgrid Berbasis Inverter
Authors: Banjar-Nahor Kevin Marojahan , Ikhsan Muhammad , Hariyanto Nanang
Published: January 2023

Pada sistem microgrid berbasis inverter terdapat masalah terkait kecilnya level arus hubung singkat. Hal ini terjadi karena komponen dari inverter yaitu switch, yang biasanya IGBT atau MOSFET, memiliki batas arus tertentu yang tidak boleh terlewati untuk menjaga integritas komponen saklar elektronik. Arus gangguan dari inverter ini dapat bernilai lebih kecil dari arus pickup rele arus lebih konvensional. Hal ini berpotensi mengakibatkan gagalnya deteksi gangguan berbasis arus lebih, yang umum dipakai di tegangan rendah dan menengah. Alternatif solusi untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan rele 51V yang memiliki arus pickup lebih rendah ketika rele membaca tegangan jatuh. Paper ini akan membahas perancangan dan evaluasi proteksi arus lebih, koordinasi proteksi, dan pengaruh penggunaan NGR terhadap koordinasi proteksi di sistem microgrid berbasis inverter. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak DIgSILENT Power Factory untuk beberapa skenario pembangkitan, impedansi gangguan, lokasi gangguan, dan jenis gangguan. Dari studi ini, disimpulkan bahwa rele 51V mampu mengatasi persoalan tidak sensitifnya rele arus lebih konvensional dan juga direkomendasikan agar NGR tidak digunakan pada sistem microgrid berbasis inverter sehingga sistem dapat dioperasikan dengan pengetanahan langsung.
Optimization of Pre-Neutralized Red Palm Olein-canola Oil Emulsion Gel as Animal Fat Replacer for Comminuted Meat Product Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Utama Dicky Tri , Pratama Andry , Gumilar Jajang , Wulandari Eka , Putranto Wendry Setiyadi , Suryaningsih Lilis
Published: January 2023

Red palm olein, which is rich in Î² carotene, has the potential as an animal fat replacer for the formulation of healthy processed meat products. However, it is mainly composed of saturated fatty acid, which should be reduced by combining it with unsaturated fatty acid-rich vegetable oil. Canola oil was mixed with red palm olein in order to get the benefits from both. The formulation of an emulsion gel made up of red palm olein and canola oil at 30/70 (w/w) was optimized using a response surface methodology. Soy protein isolate (SPI), mono and diglycerides of fatty acids (emulsifier E471, EMS), and inulin (INL) were selected as stabilizer and emulsifier in aqueous phase. Based on formula optimization and validation of gel emulsion ability in the comminuted meat model system, it was concluded that the addition levels of SPI, EMS, and INL required to form gel emulsions with optimal ability to produce comminuted meat products were 5.33%, 0.53% and 3.98% (w/w), respectively.
Effects of Whey Protein Isolate on Black Pepper Essential Oil Ultrasound-Assisted Emulsion on Physical Characteristics, Antioxidant Activity, and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Safitri Safitri , Manab Abdul , Al Awwaly Khothibul Umam , Febrisiantosa Andi , Listiani Endang
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this research was to determine the best ratio of whey protein isolate (WPI) for encapsulation of black pepper (Piper nigrum) essential oil (BPEO) on ultrasound-assisted emulsion. O/W emulsion was made from the oil phase from BPEO and corn oil (30:70) and the aqueous phase was made from the liquid modified glucomannan. The effect of WPI was investigated at different ratios (T0= 0%, T1= 2%, T2= 4%, T3= 6%,). BPEO emulsion was prepared using an ultrasonication method with the intention for produce nanoemulsion. The method of this research was an experiment with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) by using four treatments and three replications, then continued by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The physical characteristics were observed by viscosity and optical microscope. DPPH scavenging activity was used to know the effect of encapsulation on antioxidant activities. The Antibacterial activity was evaluated by the Kirby Bauer method with E. coli as the pathogen bacteria and L. casei as the probiotic bacteria. The increase ratio of WPI influences morphology. Different ratio of WPI gave a highly significant effects (p<0.01) on the viscosity and antioxidant, and gave no significant effects (p>0.05) on the inhibition diameter zone for E. coli and L. casei. Based on its physical characteristic, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial properties, it can be concluded that WPI can protect the BPEO by stabilizing O/W emulsion and may have the potential to be used as an alternative natural antioxidant and antibacterial additive in many food applications.
The Use Nanoparticles Tomatoes Flour As Source of Fiber on Chicken Nuggets
Authors: Evanuarini Herly , Susilo Agus , Yanuhar Uun , Kurniawati Adelya Desi
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this research was to determine the use nanoparticle tomatoes flour as source fiber to increased the quality of chicken nuggets. The materials used in research are nuggets made from chicken meat with optional ingredient other flour tapioca, pepper, onion white, salt, sugar and bread flour. The addition of nanoparticles of tomato flour on chicken nuggets by treatment carried out. Experimental method laboratory used as a method test laboratory. The Completely Randomized Design was used as an experimental design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment use control that is without the addition of nanoparticles tomato flour (P0), P1 (addition of nanoparticles tomato flour 1%), P2 (2%), and P3 (3%) of the total chicken meat used. The variables measured are protein content, fiber content, pH value, and sensory quality (color, taste, aroma, texture, and acceptance). The addition of nanoparticles tomatoes flour (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) on chicken nuggets gives highly significant effect (P<0.01) on protein content, fiber, pH value, and sensory quality of color, taste, aroma, texture, and acceptance. Protein content in chicken nuggets with addition nanoparticles tomatoes flour (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) produced range between 13.1 – 16.17. The average rate of chicken nuggets fiber range between 0.79 – 1.04%. Chicken nuggets pH value between 5.86 – 6.16. Panelists score on quality organoleptic color chicken nuggets addition nanoparticles tomatoes flour range between 3.15 – 4.50, score taste ranges between 3.25 – 4.65, score aroma ranges from 3.20-4.55 texture range 3.15 – 4.60 dan acceptance 3.40 – 4.70. The research conclusion is the addition of tomatoes flour in the form of nanoparticles could improved the quality of nuggets and additions by 3 percent make chicken nuggets with best quality.
Characteristics of Forest and Manuka Honey As Well As Their Application As Herbal Honey Drinks With The Addition of Qusthul Hindi and Turmeric
Authors: Septiani Aulia , Suryati Tuti , Apriantini Astari , Endrawati Yuni Cahya
Published: January 2023

Manuka and forest honeys are types of honeys that are widely consumed because for their antioxidant properties. In this study, the properties of forets and manuka honey and the use of honey as a herbal drink with the addition of Qusthul hindi and turmeric were analyzed. The addition of Qusthul hindi (0,125 g and 0,375 g) and turmeric (0,125 g and 0,375 g) is given in two formulations. This study was conducted in two phase, namely analyzing the characteristics of manuka and forest honey and preparing herbal drinks to then analyzing their properties. The results showed that the properties of forest honey do not meet the standards for the variables of pH, HMF value, and diastase enzyme activity, while Manuka honey meets the standards only for variables of moisture, HMF value, and diastase enzyme activity. The addition of Qusthul hindi and turmeric to herbal drinks results in an increase in pH, DPPH inhibitoty activity, and antioxidant capacity, as well as a decrease of water content, but is not sensory evaluated because the addition of spices causes changes in taste and appearance.
Evaluation of Microbial Numbers and Physical Properties of Milk Preserved with Different Time of Pre-Heating and Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) Exposure
Authors: Priyanto Anugerah Dany , Estiasih Teti , Putranto Angky Wahyu , Widyasari Widyasari , Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: January 2023

Milk production is intended for human consumption; hence preservation technology is required while maintaining the sensory and nutritional attributes. Some of technologies applied in milk are the use of pre-heating combined with pulsed electric fields (PEF) exposure. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of combination food preservation techniques using pre-heating and PEF with various conditions. The raw milk first received the pre-heating treatment at 70 ËšC, followed by PEF exposure. A completely randomized design (CDR) was applied in this research. It used two factors, namely factor I (pre-heating duration: 10, 20, and 30 minutes), and factor II (PEF exposure duration: 2, 4, and 6 minutes) with three replications, resulting in nine (9) treatments. The results reveal that there was a bacterial reduction within the range of 0.70-1.06 log CFU/mL. Besides, the increasing duration of pre-heating combined with PEF exposure decrease the values of viscosity, emulsion stability, and lightness of raw milk samples. Moreover, the most effective treatment observed in the raw milk-treated with pre-heating of 10 minutes and PEF of 2 minutes, with the level of TPC, viscosity, emulsion stability, and lightness of 1.88 log CFU/mL, 14.65 cP, and 95.65%, respectively
Refusal of Retreatment With Topical 5-Fluorouracil Among Patients With Actinic Keratosis: Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Singh Rohan , McCain Sarah , Feldman Steven R
Published: January 2023

Background

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common premalignant skin lesion, and topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is commonly used in field-directed therapy. However, 5-FU is associated with frequent local skin reactions.

Objective

This study aimed to qualitatively assess experiences among patients with AK who refuse retreatment with 5-FU.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 adult participants who had received treatment with 5-FU for AK between January 1, 2017, and January 1, 2020, and refused future treatment with 5-FU. Results were analyzed using qualitative research methods.

Results

Although most participants had low concern upon having received a diagnosis of AK, most felt that treatment is very important. When initiating treatment with 5-FU, most cited recommendation by their health care professionals as the primary motivator and initially had low concern regarding treatment. The side effects associated with treatment were physically and psychosocially burdensome for most participants and led to temporary lifestyle adjustments. After treatment, most did not believe that their health care provider prepared them for treatment or were unsure. While half of the participants felt that 5-FU helped treat AKs, half were either unsure, due to premature discontinuation, or did not think that 5-FU treated their AKs.

Conclusions

5-FU is one of the most commonly prescribed treatments for AKs, yet most patients experienced both a physical and psychosocial burden with the treatment. Inability to assess efficacy due to premature discontinuation secondary to 5-FU–related reactions is common, and shared decision-making, navigating treatment options, and taking into account patient preferences may be critical to help assure better adherence and outcomes. Although our study was limited by input from participants who refused future treatment with 5-FU, most stated that they would still continue to seek treatment for AKs in the future and would consider other topical treatments, especially if associated with a milder tolerability profile.
Health System–Level Barriers to Living Donor Kidney Transplantation: Protocol for a Comparative Case Study Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Horton Anna , Loban Katya , Nugus Peter , Fortin Marie-Chantal , Gunaratnam Lakshman , Knoll Greg , Mucsi Istvan , Chaudhury Prosanto , Landsberg David , Paquet Michel , Cantarovich Marcelo , Sandal Shaifali
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) is the best treatment option for patients with kidney failure and offers significant medical and economic advantages for both patients and health systems. Despite this, rates of LDKT in Canada have stagnated and vary significantly across Canadian provinces, the reasons for which are not well understood. Our prior work has suggested that system-level factors may be contributing to these differences. Identifying these factors can help inform system-level interventions to increase LDKT.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective is to generate a systemic interpretation of LDKT delivery across provincial health systems with variable performance. We aim to identify the attributes and processes that facilitate the delivery of LDKT to patients, and those that create barriers and compare these across systems with variable performance. These objectives are contextualized within our broader goal of increasing rates of LDKT in Canada, particularly in lower-performing provinces.

METHODS

This research takes the form of a qualitative comparative case study analysis of 3 provincial health systems in Canada that have high, moderate, and low rates of LDKT performance (the percentage of LDKT to all kidney transplantations performed). Our approach is underpinned by an understanding of health systems as complex adaptive systems that are multilevel and interconnected, and involve nonlinear interactions between people and organizations, operating within a loosely bounded network. Data collection will comprise semistructured interviews, document reviews, and focus groups. Individual case studies will be conducted and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Following this, our comparative analysis will operationalize resource-based theory to compare case study data and generate explanations for our research question.

RESULTS

This project was funded from 2020 to 2023. Individual case studies were carried out between November 2020 and August 2022. The comparative case analysis will begin in December 2022 and is expected to conclude in April 2023. Submission of the publication is projected for June 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

By investigating health systems as complex adaptive systems and making comparisons across provinces, this study will identify how health systems can improve the delivery of LDKT to patients with kidney failure. Our resource-based theory framework will provide a granular analysis of the attributes and processes that facilitate or create barriers to LDKT delivery across multiple organizations and levels of practice. Our findings will have practice and policy implications and help inform transferrable competencies and system-level interventions conducive to increasing LDKT.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/44172
Clinical experience of using the Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Mozyrska O.V.
Published: January 2023

Background. Atopic dermatitis is a common pruritic skin disease that causes a significant burden on patients, their families, and society. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the quality of life of children with atopic dermatitis and to study the correlation between the severity of atopic dermatitis and the quality of life according to the Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI). Materials and methods. Patients with atopic dermatitis (n = 71) aged 4–17 years from the allergy department of the Kyiv City Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 2 were included in the study. The severity of atopic dermatitis was assessed by the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) tool, and the quality of life — by the CDLQI. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used for correlation analysis of the CDLQI and the SCORAD indicators. Correlation was considered probable at p < 0.05. Results. Atopic dermatitis had a small effect on the quality of life in 25.4 % patients, a moderate effect — in 40.8 %, a very large effect — in 19.7 %, and in 12.7 % of patients, atopic dermatitis caused an extremely large effect on the quality of life. Spearman’s correlation coefficient of severity indicators on the SCORAD and the CDLQI was Ro = 0.932; a correlation was found at the significance level of p < 0.01. When evaluating correlation indicators in subgroups of children by degree of severity, a difference was found: in patients with mild atopic dermatitis, there was no correlation (Ro = 0, p > 0.05), in contrast to the group with moderate to severe (Ro = 0.625, p < 0.01) and severe atopic dermatitis (Ro = 0.688, p = 0.01). The quality of life indicator had a positive correlation with the age of patients and duration of the disease, which may be related to a more severe course and a greater social and psychological burden for older children. Conclusions. The Ukrainian version of CDLQI is a reliable tool for assessing the quality of life of paediatric patients with atopic dermatitis.
Impact of breast milk miR-155 on the health of preterm neonates
Authors: Abaturov O.E. , Tovarnytska A.O.
Published: January 2023

Background. Breast milk (BM) is an important source of microRNAs (miRs). MicroRNAs are highly resistant to gastrointestinal enzymes and are well absorbed in the intestine. MiR-155 is one of the most expressed miR of BM. Currently, the effect of miR-155 of BM on the health of preterm neonates has not been almost studied. The objective was to determine the effect of miR-155 of BM on the health of preterm neonates. Materials and methods. We examined 74 newborns, who were treated in neonatal departments. We determined the level of miR-155 in the BM of 44 mothers of exclusively breastfed children. In parallel, we evaluated gene expression of the transcription factor FOXP3 in buccal smears of all neonates. Three comparison groups were selected: group 1 consisted of 32 newborns of up to 37 weeks of gestation; group 2 — of 30 preterm newborns on artificial feeding; control group — of 12 full-term breastfed newborns. Results. The gestational age median in group 1 was 33 (31; 34) weeks; in group 2 — 32.5 (32; 35) weeks; it was higher in the control group (p < 0.001) — 40 (39; 41) weeks. Neonatal encephalopathy as the main diagnosis occurred more often among full-term newborns (p < 0.001). Children of groups 1 and 2 did not differ significantly in the frequency of respiratory distress syndrome and the duration of the necessary respiratory support (p > 0.05). In group 2 compared to group 1, manifestations of necrotizing enterocolitis were detected significantly more often (p < 0.05): 30.0 ± 8.4 % vs 9.4 ± 5.2 %. The results of evaluating the miR-155 expression level in the BM of mothers of group 1 children prove that the corresponding indicator in the control group was exceeded by an average of 6.2 (4.1; 9.2) times (p < 0.001). Analysis of FOXP3 levels in buccal smears showed that all preterm newborns had significantly lower FOXP3 levels than that of full-term neonates (< 0.001). However, the expression of this factor was the lowest in group 2 (< 0.001): 0.08 (0.04; 0.16) c.u. in group 2 vs 0.21 (0.14; 0.38) c.u. in group 1. We found a direct moderate correlation between the expression levels of miR-155 of the BM and the FOXP3 in the mucosal cells of breastfed preterm neonates: r = 0.442 (p = 0.014). A significant decrease was noted in the expression of FOXP3 in children with necrotizing enterocolitis (0.11 (0.04; 0.25) c.u.) compared to newborns without such pathology (0.22 (0.09; 0.91) c.u.) (p < 0.05). Conclusions. The results of the study confirm a lower number of necrotizing enterocolitis cases among preterm breastfed babies. BM of mothers, whose children were born prematurely, has a higher level of miR-155 expression, which promotes FOXP3 expression of mucous membranes. Thus, it is likely that miR-155 of BM stimulates maturation and maintains the level of T-reg cells of the mucous membranes that prevents the development of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants.
Assessment of the functional state of the body and the risk of developing carditis in patients with Lyme disease
Authors: Nykytyuk S.O.
Published: January 2023

Lyme disease is the most common disease transmitted by Ixodes ticks. We present a case of Lyme carditis in a 13-year-old boy. Clinical and immunological research methods (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, blot) were used. The child’s condition is of medium severity due to skin and intoxication syndromes and carditis. During the examination, a child was diagnosed with Lyme carditis. A feature of the presented case is the appearance of carditis associated with a tick bite in a child. We believe that educating healthcare professionals about Lyme disease should help practitioners differentiate it from other conditions and improve treatment outcomes.
Mechanisms of action of cytoplasmic microRNAs. Part 6. MicroRNA-mediated translation activation
Authors: Abaturov A.E. , Babуch V.L.
Published: January 2023

In the scientific review, the mechanisms of action of cytoplasmic miRNAs, namely miRNA-mediated activation of translation, are given. To write the article, information was searched using Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Global Health, The Cochrane Library databases. Examples of direct activation of mRNA translation by miRNA are presented. One of them is miRNA-mediated activation of translation, which is associated with the peculiarities of the state of the cell (resting cell effect). It has been shown that protein 1 of the fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) syndrome, depending on the stage of the cell cycle, can participate in both inhibition and enhancement of translation. It is known that microRNAs can influence the activity of RNP by binding to the RNA-binding sites of specific mRNAs or directly to RBP molecules, directly inhibiting their activity. Poly (rC) binding protein 2 (PCBP2) is a multifunctional adapter molecule that binds to RNA and DNA, competing with other RNA-binding factors. The PCBP2 protein limits translation initiation by preventing ribosome recruitment. The authors provided information on miR-346-mediated activation of the translation of receptor-interacting protein 140. It is emphasized that some miRNAs, preventing the degradation of the mRNA molecule, increasе the level of its stability, which is accompanied by an enhancement in their translation. MicroRNAs stabilize specific mRNA targets, preventing the association of the ARE element degradation factor, tristetraprolin, with mRNA. Data are presented on the activation of mRNA target translation by factors that sequester miRNAs or compete with miRNAs. Various intracellular factors and proteins can enter into a competitive relationship with miRNA and interfere with or remove it from the target mRNA. It is known that activation of translation can occur due to microRNA inhibition of repressor proteins. The authors indicate that increased miR-145 expression is accompanied by activation of myocardin translation, which induces the proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells.