bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vitamin-D Deficiency among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Borders Area of Saudi Arabia
Authors: M. Alotaibi Nawaf
Published: November 2021

Diabetes mellitus, a chronic illness, is characterized by pancreatic and insulin dysfunction. Under the influence of sunlight, vitamin D (V-D) is produced in the skin in a non-enzymatic manner. Furthermore, V-D can be obtained via fish or plant sources. Different studies conducted in Saudi Arabia have been shown high occurrence of V-D inadequacy. Obesity and type 2 diabetes are both linked to V-D insufficiency. Still, this relationship's causality is unknown. A growing body of research suggests that changes in V-D and calcium homeostasis may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to ascertain the occurrence of V-D deficiency in the Northern borders (NB) of Saudi Arabia and to verify the connection between V-D deficiency and other features of study subjects. During the period from July 2018 to February 2019, a cross-sectional study was carried out. A random sampling method was employed to choose the required numbers of subjects who have type 1 or type II diabetes and are registered in NB region health centers and hospitals. The sample size was calculated using the one-sample proportion formula and the results of similar studies. These results revealed the situation in the NB Region of Saudi Arabia among diabetic patients and highlight the importance of addressing the issue. The correlation between V-D and hypertension was also found in the study, requiring further investigation and explanation. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; vitamin D deficiency; hypertension; Saudi Arabia
Subclinical Hypothyroidism as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Tokmachev Roman Evgenyevich , Budnevsky Andrey Valerievich , Kravchenko Andrey Yakovlevich , Chernik Tatiana Alexandrovna , Valerievich Sudakov Oleg , Anatolievna Fursova Elena , Viktorovna Rezova Nadezhda
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, more than 485 million people in the world suffer from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). According to large epidemiological studies, the group of CVD is the leading cause of death in the world. One of the neurohumoral mechanisms that appears to be a risk factor for CVD is thyroid dysfunction. In this regard, in recent years, more and more attention is paid to the study the influence of subclinical hypothyroidism on the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disorders. MeSH words: cardiovascular diseases, subclinical hypothyroidism
Diagnóstico da área de disposição final de resíduos sólidos de Paiçandu (PR) e proposição de melhorias
Authors: Batista Kevin , Albertin Ricardo , Fonseca da Silva Frederico
Published: November 2021

O aumento da geração de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU) e sua disposição inadequada é um grande problema a ser enfrentado pela administração pública, no entanto, o aterro sanitário é uma das soluções para tal situação, com o intuito de evitar a má disposição desses resíduos e diminuir os impactos ambientais causados por eles. O presente estudo buscou diagnosticar o sistema de disposição final de RSU do município de Paiçandu (PR) e propor melhorias na infraestrutura existente. Foi realizada visitas no local para identificar as possíveis irregularidades do sistema, tanto na infraestrutura quanto na operação. Desse modo, uma importante ferramenta para auxiliar o diagnóstico e a avaliação foi o Índice de Qualidade de Aterro de Resíduos (IQR), onde, com o acompanhamento do técnico responsável pelo local, foi preenchido todo o questionário. Após identificada as condições do local, iniciou-se, com o respaldo de normas técnicas, o desenvolvimento das regularizações necessárias para o sistema, juntamente com algumas propostas de melhorias. De acordo com o levantamento executado, a nota obtida no IQR foi 5,4, o que caracteriza o sistema em condições inadequadas. A área não possui drenagem pluvial e a drenagem de chorume e gás estão comprometidas, além da vala existente estar ultrapassando seu limite, ou seja, está saturada. A operação do sistema deixa a desejar, uma vez que terceiriza os maquinários e não possui funcionários suficientes. O perímetro do terreno não possui cercamento e isolamento visual adequado, o que acaba gerando transtornos para os lotes e moradores vizinhos. Portanto, de acordo com o IQR, o local de disposição final de resíduos não pode ser considerado como um aterro sanitário. Porém, se realizado as regularizações e melhorias propostas neste trabalho, pode-se reconsiderar, após uma nova avaliação, a nota e a situação do local.
Zinc-enriched cookies improve immunity and decrease opportunistic diaseases in AIDS patients
Authors: Moter Benvegnú Dalila , Suthovski Gabriela , Sandri Gabriela , Tonel Deisi , Lazarotto Angela Khetly , Da Silva Rios Thaiane , Muller Diane Aparecida , De Lucca Leidiane , Dranka Horvarth Josana Aparecida , Pinto Rodrigues Paulo Rogério , De Lima Gonçalves Thissiane , Lazarin Gallina André , Elias Fabiana , Weber Jucieli
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system resulting from infection by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) virus. Methods: The study was carried out between 2015 and 2016 with patients who attended a Specialized Center for Parasitic Infectious Diseases in Paraná. The research was divided into two stages, where the effects of supplementation on TC4 + cells, viral load (LV) and number of opportunistic diseases were verified. 20mg / day of zinc was added to the cookies for 3 months. Results: Data analysis does not show statistical differences in VL and Zinc supplementation; however, supplementation shows that it is able to promote an increase in the TCD4 + count. Patients reported an improvement in their well-being and a decrease in the incidence of opportunistic diseases. Conclusion: Thus, it was observed that zinc supplementation was highly effective in increasing TCD4 + positively improving the immune response and quality of life. In addition, the supplementation in the form of biscuits proved to be innovative and very effective.
Tecnologia assistiva no contexto do PARFOR da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA)
Authors: Teixeira Cenidalva Miranda de Sousa , Marinho Raimunda Ramos , Diniz Jennyfer Oliveira
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho consiste em investigar a presença da Tecnologia Assistiva como recurso de apoio pedagógico no processo de formação de professores com vistas a perceber o grau de conhecimento e reflexão sobre a temática no percurso formativo dos professores no contexto de um programa de formação de professores para educação básica – PARFOR. Como metodologia utilizou-se pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo. O universo da pesquisa foram os cursos ofertados pelo PARFOR na Universidade Federal do Maranhão, a partir da análise de projetos pedagógicos e suas disciplinas instrumentais. A amostragem contou com quatro cursos que correspondem a 50% do universo. Na pesquisa documental, observou-se a ausência dos termos ‘acessibilidade’ e ‘tecnologia assistiva’ nas ementas das disciplinas instrumentais dos cursos ofertados. Conclui-se que a ausência desses tópicos nas ementas dos cursos ofertados dificulta a compreensão social e a promoção da acessibilidade
A ocorrência de dor musculoesquelética em professores da rede pública estadual da Bahia.
Authors: Pereira Claudiney André Leite Pereira
Published: November 2021

Tivemos como objetivo avaliar a presença de dores musculoesquelética em docentes da rede estadual da Bahia e suas possíveis relações com os níveis de flexibilidade. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa descritiva onde participaram do estudo 25 docentes da Rede Estadual da Bahia que atuam na mesorregião metropolitana de Salvador. Realizou-se a coleta de dados através do questionário do Diagrama das áreas dolorosas para obter informações sobre intensidades das dores musculares e o teste do banco de wells para medir o nível de flexibilidade. Como tratamento estatístico utilizou-se o coeficiente de Pearson para verificar o nível de correlação das variáveis. Observou-se que 52% dos professores apresentam um baixo nível de flexibilidade, mas do ponto de vista estatístico não podemos afirmar neste estudo que existe uma relação consistente entre a dor muscular e os níveis de flexibilidade. Identificamos há necessidade de mais estudos para se ter um melhor diagnostico sobre este problema.
Estudo de caso de Vasos de Armazenamento: Projeto de um Tanque para Estocagem de Gasolina
Authors: Sampaio Martins Marcelo , Sato Armando Kenzo , Neto Antonio R. F , Medeiros Everton C. , Glyniadakis Sofia
Published: November 2021

Tanques de armazenamento são equipamentos estáticos de caldeiraria pesada, sujeitos a pressões próximas à atmosférica e, na maioria das vezes, destinados ao armazenamento de óleo e seus derivados. Quanto maior for o volume armazenado, menor será o custo de armazenamento por barril. Isso torna comum o interesse em construir tanques cada vez maiores. No entanto, há um limite para o projeto de um tanque de armazenamento. Nesse contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o projeto de um tanque de armazenamento atmosférico, com teto flutuante para armazenamento de gasolina, baseado nos requisitos API 650 e Petrobras. A primeira etapa diz respeito à escolha do tipo de tanque de armazenamento a ser projetado de acordo com o produto a ser armazenado. Em seguida, a determinação da capacidade de armazenamento, as dimensões do tanque de armazenamento e os materiais de construção. A segunda etapa contempla o desenho do fundo, em sequência, da lateral e do teto. A terceira e última etapa, modelagem em software de simulação e análise. Além disso, os resultados do projeto deverão ser baseados em dimensões comerciais, para sua viabilidade.
Adição simultânea de nanopartículas de Cu e Sr em nanotubos de TiO2 sobre implantes de titânio: estudo de molhabilidade
Authors: Mendes Douglas Thainan Silva Lima , Cavalcante Raul Lima , Tavares Débora dos Santos , Macedo Michelle Cardinale Souza Silva , Resende Cristiane Xavier
Published: November 2021

A adição simultânea do Cu e Sr nos revestimentos de TiO2 sobre implantes de titânio pode resultar num biomaterial especializado, por conjugar as propriedades bactericidas e osteogênicas desses metais, respectivamente. O efeito desses metais na molhabilidade desses revestimentos foi avaliado. A anodização, o recozimento e a incorporação dos metais reduziram o ângulo de contato, aumentando a energia superficial, sugerindo que este revestimento pode elevar a bioatividade do implante de titânio.
A prática ambiental reflexiva nas aulas de ciências: o tema água na perspectiva de atividades lúdicas
Authors: Marcos Coelho Amanda , Almeida Waldelice Oliveira , Coelho Evene Thais Austríaco , Martins Fabiane Silva , Corrêa Nilton da Silva , Marques Clara Virgínia Vieira Carvalho Oliveira
Published: November 2021

A Educação Ambiental associada ao currículo da Educação Básica se transforma em oportunidade de renovação educativa na formação do aluno. A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo traçar um panorama de concepções de professores do 4º e 5° ano do Ensino Fundamental da Rede Pública de Ensino de São Luís – MA, sobre a Educação Ambiental, em especial, na direção da temática água. Adotou-se a abordagem qualitativa, sendo um estudo de caso, com utilização de questionário fechado e entrevista semiestruturada como instrumentos de coleta de dados. Os resultados revelaram que os professores apresentam compreensão acerca da importância do trabalho docente em relação as problemáticas ambientais. Percebemos incoerências no fato de que existem lacunas na forma de trabalho e na execução de projetos sobre tal temática ambiental. Ficou perceptível que o trabalho de Ciências é superficial, portanto, ainda precisa ser melhorado principalmente na possibilidade de proporcionar vivências práticas e lúdicas aos alunos.
Ceramic Frogs: A Form of Indirect Discrimination Against Roma
Authors: Meireles Isabel
Published: November 2021

This article analyses a peculiar practice that exists in Portugal, which consists of displaying ceramic frogs at the entrance of shops and restaurants in order to keep Roma customers away—taking advantage of the negative connotation of frogs in the Romani tradition. Aiming to contribute to the discussion of a topic that is not widely explored in literature, this research looks at the use of ceramic frogs from the perspective of International Human Rights Law, based on descriptive legal and factual analysis. The view presented here is that this practice is an indirect form of discrimination in the access to places open to the public, and that the Portuguese state is currently breaching its international obligations to protect and fulfil that right, under Articles 2 and 5(f) ICERD. Furthermore, this paper explores the relation of this practice with the prohibition of apartheid and segregation, under Article 3 ICERD, as well as its roots in antigypsyism, systemic racism, and other interdisciplinary concepts. In that respect, this research finds that, by allowing this practice to persist, the Portuguese state is breaching its obligations under Article 3 ICERD. This article ends by trying to contribute to possible legislative and policy solutions to this problem.
Parental Divorce and Children’s Educational Attainment in United States of America
Authors:   University of Virginia, Galluzzo Coleman Rodolfo
Published: November 2021

Divorce frequently contributes to depression, anxiety or substance abuse in one or both parents and may bring about difficulties in balancing work and child rearing. These problems can impair a parent's ability to offer children stability and love when they are most in need. Thus, the study sought to examine effect of parental divorce on children’s educational attainment in united states of America. The study was a literature-based review. The inferences of the study were based on the previous findings from the existing literature. The study findings indicated that parental divorce affect the children’s educational attainment in united states of America negatively. Divorce and separation correlate positively with diminished school achievement and performance. Children whose parents are separated go through a wide range of feelings, occasionally those can show up in some common disruptions in their life. The common effects of separation on children consist of schooling troubles, such as bad performance, behavior issues at school, defiance and non-compliance, depression, problem forming intimate partnerships, boosted anxiety and sadness/ anger. The research found out that divorce permanently damages the household and the relationship between children and parents. Divorces that entail heavy adult conflict are generally the ones which affect children more adversely. The research concluded that adult separation/divorce is connected with increased threat for numerous emotional, academic and social issues throughout the life-course. The study recommended that divorce should be discouraged specially to couples with children. In case the divorce is the only way to go, the parents need to develop mechanism that will enable the children to continue with a normal life. Keywords: Parental Divorce, Children’s Educational Attainment, United States of America
Sanggah Kamulan sebagai Media Pemujaan pada Masyarakat Hindu di Kota Mataram: Sebuah Kajian Filsafat
Authors: Suryosumunar John Abraham Ziswan , Narwadha I Ketut
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk melakukan kajian tentang sanggah kemulan yang digunakan sebagai media untuk melakukan pemujaan oleh masyarakat Hindu di Kota Mataram dalam perspektif filsafat. Penelitian ini dirancang dalam penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ada tiga temuan penelitian. Pertama,  bentuk sanggah kamulan yang ada pada masyarakat Hindu di Kota Mataram ada yang berupa bangunan rong tiga saka dua, ada rong tiga saka nem, rong tiga turus lumbung, dan ada berupa rong kalih. Bentuk-bentuk tersebut sangat erat kaitannya dengan keyakinan (sraddha) dari umat Hindu sebagai media pemujaan terhadap Manifestasi Ida Sang Hyang Widhi maupun Hyang Dewa Pitara/Leluhur. Kedua, fungsi sanggah kamulan berupa rong tiga adalah sebagai stana Ida Sang Hyang Widhi (Tuhan) wujud sebagai Sang Hyang Tri Atma : Atma-Siwatma-Paratma. Wujud sebagai Sang Hyang Tri Purusa: Siwa-Sada Siwa-Parama Siwa. Sesuai pula dengan Brahma-Wisnu-Iswara. Siwa berfungsi sebagai Guru, maka Hyang Kamulan juga disebut Batara Guru : Guru Purwam (Parama Siwa), Guru Madyam (Sada Siwa), Guru Rupam (Siwa). Dengan demikian sesungguhnya yang dipuja pada Sanggah Kamulan adalah Ida Sang Hyang Widhi dalam wujud sebagai Sang Hyang Tri Atma, Sang Hyang Tri Purusa (Bhatara Guru) dan Sang Hyang Tri Murti disamping juga sebagai media pemujaan Hyang Dewa Pitara/Leluhur. Ketiga, makna filosofis sanggah kamulan berkaitan dengan hakikat dasar yang menjadi landasan dalam pembangunan pelinggih sanggah kamulan yakni sebagaimana gagasan Mpu Kuturan yang telah meminit palinggih Sanggah Kamulan Rong Tiga merupakan manifestasi Ida Sanghyang Widhi dimana Brahma sebagai pencipta dengan lamak warna merah, Wisnu sebagai pemelihara dengan lamak warna hitam dan Iswara sebagai pemralina dengan lamak warna putih dinamakan Sanghyang Tri Murti.
PENGATURAN DAN AKIBAT HUKUM TIDAK DILAKSANAKANYA PUTUSAN PERADILAN ADAT DAYAK
Authors: Citranu Citranu
Published: November 2021

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaturan pelaksanaan eksekusi putusan peradilan adat dayak dan akibat hukum dari tidak dilaksanakannya putusan adat dayak, agar kedepannya dapat merumuskan pengaturan eksekusi putusan peradilan adat dayak yang berkeadilan dan dapat diterima oleh semua orang. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif. Kajian ini dilandasi adanya kekosongan hukum terkait sanksi atau akibat hukum tidak dilaksanakannya putusan adat dayak. Hasil dari kajian ini bahwa pengaturan eksekusi terhadap putusan peradilan adat dayak tidak diatur secara jelas di dalam perjanjian Tumbang Anoi, melainkan dalam bentuk aturan tidak tertulis sesuai dengan nilai kepatutan menurut masyarakat adat dayak yakni Belom Bahadat. Selama ini eksekusi terhadap putusan peradilan adat dayak dilakukan dengan suka rela dengan tidak ada paksaan terhadap pihak yang dijatuhi hukuman sedangkan akibat hukum dari tidak dilaksanakannya putusan peradilan adat dayak adalah si terhukum atau pihak yang dikenakan sanksi adat dayak secara jasmani akan dikucilkan dan dianggap rendah beserta keturunannya karena tidak melaksanakan putusan adat dan dapat di laporkan pidana atau dapat digugat secara perdata karena telah melecehkan peradilan adat, sedangkan secara rohaninya menurut kepercayaan adat dayak, pihak yang dikenakan sanksi akan mendapatkan kesulitan hidup di dunia dan kehidupan setelah kematian.
Swine flu infection inhibition by Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry (Lehsunbel)
Authors: Tomar Amit
Published: November 2021

The Indian System of medicines has played an important role in our country in providing medical care since antiquity. India is a country with a strong attachment to the using of traditional or folk medicine. The main aim of this work was to collect the information on treating swine flu infection by Lehsunbel (Mansoa alliacea) decoction, infusion and tincture.The new informations are based on the detailed oral interviews held with Vaidhyas, Hakims and elderly village people, who have knowledge of medicinal uses of plants and mostly use them in treating ailments.
Important Bee Flora for Apis cerana F. Under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh- A Study of Katrain Area in Kullu Valley
Authors: Sharma Nirupma , Gupta J. , Sharma Harish
Published: November 2021

The bee forage includes survey of forage plants, assessment of the relative merits of the component species as sources of nectar and pollen, their flowering sequence and floral calendar during seasonal cycle. Himachal Pradesh, owing to its varied agro-climate, has a great variety of bee forage sources which provide the basis for development of beekeeping industry in the state. Bee keeping with Apis cerana is a common practice among the rural communities of the Kullu valley in the state. The identification of the existing bee flora will be useful to evaluate the suitability of Katrain area for A.cerana beekeeping and particularly to find out the dearth periods that would help to combat the shortage of food either by suitable feeding or migration of bee colonies to forage rich areas. This will be helpful in the formulation of the action plans for effective management of the A. cerana bee based livelihood avenues of the mountain people.
The prioritized Ayurvedic medicinal plants used in traditional healthcare practices by Tribes of Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India
Authors: Mane Santosh , Kamble M.
Published: November 2021

This paper deals with the 44 medicinal plants used by aboriginal tribes of Andaman & Nicobar Islands mentioned in Ayurvedic classics and their traditional uses in most common ailments.
Accretion of Anthocyanin in Rice Cultivars under Salinity Stress
Authors: Joseph E. , Radhakrishnan V. , Mohanan K.
Published: November 2021

High soil salinity is a major environmental stress in the world’s cultivated land that limits plant growth, metabolism and productivity of crop plants. Anthocyanins are water soluble pigments found in all plant tissues throughout the plant kingdom, derived from flavonoids via the shikimic acid pathway and are known to be inducible under stress. Anthocyanin can act as antioxidant by donating hydrogen to highly reactive radicals, thereby preventing further radical formation. The objective of this study was to determine effect of salinity on total anthocyanin content of five native rice cultivars collected from a traditional saline rice tract and two collected from a traditional non-saline rice tract of Kerala State of India. All the cultivars showed proportionate and significant increase in anthocyanin accumulation in relation to increase in salt stress. The variation was cultivar specific showing their differential response to stress.
Authentication of Balaa in selected traditional formulations using ITS2 and matK DNA barcoding markers
Authors: Suma Tagadur , Ravikumar Kaliamoorthy , Sharma Anu , Rai Padmalatha , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu
Published: November 2021

Balaa group of plant drugs is one of the important ingredients in many of the Ayurvedic formulations used for treating various neuro-muscular disorders. The accepted species as per Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia India is Sida cordifolia L. However in today’s practices, there are multiple species which go by the same trade name Balaa. This may be due to regional manifestations, context based usages, alternatives, substitutes thus leading to confusion and affecting quality of the medicine. In this context, advanced tools like application of signature sequence techniques, using defined DNA markers and decoding of DNA Sequence, would additionally help in identification of plant species from herbal formulations. The present paper shares the investigation on the detection of Balaa (Sida cordifolia L.) in the market formulations using Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) region and Maturase K (matK) barcoding markers using CTAB technique. The results show that for validating the presence of a particular species usage in the commercial formulation, complete gene sequencing of the claimed species/original species and accepted alternatives have to be made available for comparative studies. For the Balaa group of drugs, there is potential to develop the complete gene sequence for authentication purpose. This approach is now being used as a standard protocol in herbal pharmaco-vigilance research to verify labelled ingredients and detection of substitutes/alternatives in specific products. This process is meant to ensure Quality Assurance (QA) of raw drug materials used by herbal sector.
Ethno-medicinal plants used by the local Vaidyas of Champawat District, Uttarakhand, Kumaon Himalaya
Authors: Kharkwal Kapil , Thakur Rajni , Singh Shalini , Nautiyal Santosh
Published: November 2021

The present paper deals with the survey and documentation of ethno- medicinal plants used by the local vaidyas of Champawat district, Uttarakhand, in the treatment of various diseases and disorders. A total of 50 plant species belonging to 49 genera under 36 families have been reported from the study area, which are being used as ethno-medicines by the local vaidyas.
Assessment of seed damage and seed germination in endangered medicinal tree Glochidion tomentosum Dalz.
Authors: Jagadeesh K. , Niranjana P. , Sharanappa P.
Published: November 2021

Glochidion tomentosum (Euphorbiaceae) is an endangered medicinal tree endemic to Peninsular India region. The present study aimed to assess the extent of damage caused by seed predator insect larvae and seed germination in Glochidion tomentosum. Different type of soils like Garden soil, Forest soil and Sandy soil were used for germination studies and also seedling survival and mean germination time were determined. Maximum germination percentage 56 % and seedling survival 87% was recorded in garden soil. Mean germination time was also varied among the different type of soil. Seedlings were successfully grown in botanical garden. This germination procedure would help for establishment of seedlings for considering ex situ conservation of Glochidion tomentosum.
Ethnomedicine for Dental Problems used by the Bagata tribe of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Sri Bonela , Reddi T.V.V.
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with 33 species of plants used by the Bagata tribe of Andhra Pradesh for curing dental ailments. 11 new or less known practices have been reported.
Grasses of six Wildlife Sanctuaries in North Andaman Islands, India
Authors: Kamble M. , Vivek C.
Published: November 2021

study on the grass flora of 6 Wildlife Sanctuaries of North Andaman Island was surveyed. True grasslands are absent in the study area as these regions mainly composed of Littoral and Inland kinds of forests with thick and closed canopy. Nineteen grass species under eighteen genera are included in the present study and described in detail.
Abnormal fruits and Endocarps in Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. Ex G. Don, the Indian Rudraksha plant
Authors: Singh Amar
Published: November 2021

The paper reports abnormalities in fruits of Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. ex G.Don observed in the planted trees.
Habitat characteristics of selected Medicinal Plants of Alpine and Sub Alpine Zone of Uttarakhand
Authors: Tamta B. , Kumar Vishavjit , Ahamed Nafeesh
Published: November 2021

The shrinking natural habitats due to unscientific harvesting, grazing pressure and climate change have severely threatened the medicinal plant resources. This paper presents the observation on the population, habitat and occurrence of 3 medicinal plants viz. Aconitum heterophyllum, Nardostachys jatamansi and Picrorhiza kurrooa in the Kandara and Khulia Medicinal Plant Conservation Areas (MPCAs) of Uttarakhand based on studies conducted by the author.
Extraction of Kittul Fibre by Urea Water Retting Process
Authors: Mohanty Manoranjan
Published: November 2021

Caryota urens, commonly known as Indian Sago palm, Wine palm, Toddy palm, Fish tail palm and Salap in Odia, is naturally found in almost all districts of Odisha. The palm produces three things, viz., fibre from leaf, sheath, frond and flowering stalk, drink from inflorescence stalk and sago from stem. The coarse fibre extracted mechanically by beating leaf sheath, petiole and flowering stalk is called kittul. In this work an attempt has been made to extract the fine kittul fibre by cooking leaves in 0.5% (W/V) urea and water solution followed by retting in the cold solution of same concentration for 18 days. The rope, cordage, etc. prepared from Kittul fibre is as strong as plastic fibre and is also biodegradable.
Ethnomedicinal plants used to cure stone in kidney by Bhil tribe of Ratlam District (M.P.)
Authors: Jadhav Dinesh
Published: November 2021

The present paper deals with 8 plant species used by the tribals to cure stone in kindey. The botanical names followed by local names, family, VSN, the method of preparation of drug and mode of uses of the plants are mentioned.
Study of Poplar and Bamboo based Agroforestry System
Authors: Joshi Kapil , Gade Vrushali , Apet Ashwini
Published: November 2021

Food insecurity and poverty have been affecting the livelihood of the rural poor since ages. It is posing a major challenge to the sustainable development of a developing country like India. In such countries, land and soil degradation has emerged as an offshoot of excessive population pressure over the limited resources. Agricultural production in the developing countries has seldom matched the needs of the people. Agro forestry has the potential to arrest land degradation and improve site productivity through interaction with trees, soil, crops and livestock. Agro forestry is also a potential option for improving rural livelihood and enhancing integrated management of the natural resource base. Agro forestry systems can play an important role in carbon mitigation programmes through carbon sequestration and can reduce the pressure on existing natural forests by providing fuel, fodder, timber and wood products to the farmers. The current interest in agro forestry in India has transformed the land-use system in terms of economic sustainability. This article briefly reviews about the concept of Poplar and Bamboo based agro forestry systems as adopted extensively by the farmers on a commercial and environmental conservation scale. These systems play a significant role to meet the economic, social and environmental concerns of the villagers.
Medicinal plants used for treatment of fever and headache in Uttarakhand state of India
Authors: Kala Chandra
Published: November 2021

The fever and headache are the most common diseases in human beings, and still, they are the cause of a large number of human deaths around the world. Historically, these diseases have been treated by using plant species. The present study, therefore, attempts to document plant use for treatment of fever and headache in the Uttarakhand state of India.
Twenty Taxa of Cyperaceae as New Distributional Records for Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Shaikh Mujaffar , Tiwari Arjun , Khan Tanveer , Sikarwar R.L.S.
Published: November 2021

The present paper deals with twenty taxa of Cyperaceae as new distributional records for Madhya Pradesh. Correct nomenclature with citation, description, flowering and fruiting, habitat and specimen details are provided.
Effect of pre-sowing treatments on seed germination and seedling vigour index of Abies spectabilis (D.Don) spach
Authors: Negi Pitambar , Sharma Sandeep
Published: November 2021

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of pre-sowing treatments on germination of Abies spectabilis commonly called as “Talispatra” - an important high level conifer of Western Himalayan region. The seeds of Abies spectabilis collected from Kalabagh near Churdhar area of Shimla district (H.P.) were given different pre-sowing treatments of cold moist stratification in sand for 1 to 4 weeks and control (untreated seeds) to study their effect on germination behaviour and seedling vigour index. Significant differences were observed in germination per cent and seedling vigour index of seeds subjected to different pre-sowing treatments. The maximum germination per cent (42.00%) was recorded in seeds treated with cold moist stratification treatment in sand for 1 week followed by 36.00 per cent germination recorded for control (untreated seeds). The minimum germination per cent (19.50%) was recorded in seeds treated with cold moist stratification treatment in sand for 4 weeks. The findings of the present investigation revealed that Abies spectabilis seeds do not possess any dormancy and the poor germination is primarily due to presence of large number of empty seeds.
Assessment of Demand and Supply of Some Important Medicinal Plants in Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Bhatnagar Pratibha , Barman Rajesh
Published: November 2021

Three important high value medicinal plants of Madhya Pradesh viz., Embelia tsjeriam-cottam, Celastrus paniculatus and Centratherum anthelminticum were selected for demand-supply estimation as the prices of these species had shot tremendously during past five years and not much information was available on this. Demand for these species was estimated by interviewing 191 Ayurvedic and other Indian system of Medicine (ISM) industries about their annual requirements in drug preparations. Supply from forests and other sources was estimated by interviewing traders at each block level where the species occur and quantity of trade district wise.
Total demand for Embelia tsjeriam-cottam (Baibirang) is 37.79 quintals and supply is 248 quintals in M.P. In the case of Celastrus paniculatus (Malkangni) the demand in the state is for 42.9 quintals and supply 218.5 quintals. Similarly for Centratherum anthelminticum (Vanjeera) also the demand is 213.80 quintals and supply available is 2610 quintals. The state is therefore surplus in these medicinal plants and 89-90% of raw material is reported to be supplied to other states.
Incarvillea emodi (Royle ex Lindl.) Chatterjee, an Economically Potential threatened Himalayan Herb: an Overview
Authors: Srivastava Amber
Published: November 2021

Incarvillea emodi is one of the threatened and endemic plant species of Western Himalaya. Though having immense medicinal and horticultural potential the species remained underutilized. The present paper provides detailed information on the economical potential value of this species to bring it into the limelight of the stakeholders and conservation biologists.
Bamboo: A Sustainable Precursor for Production of Activated Charcoal- An Industrial Adsorbent
Authors: Bhatia Subhash , Fiske Aanand , Karadbhajne Vijay , Agrawal Amit
Published: November 2021

Activated carbon is an important component of filter material for the removal of hazardous components in exhaust gases, for the purification of drinking water and for waste water treatment. The demand for activated carbon will continue to rise due to its wide range of use as a result of environmental compliances in many countries. Present paper focuses on synthesis of Activated Charcoal from various species of Bamboo and its application in the areas of Air and Water filtration. It is found that bamboo has the potential to be a promising precursor for the production of activated carbon. The characteristics of the bamboo activated carbon are comparable with commercial ones. Some species of bamboo were reported to have Iodine Value of about 1100mg/ gm (ASTM, 2011).
To assess the potential of Bamboo as livestock food in Northern Floodplains of India
Authors: Rathna Kuppuraj , Singh Charan , Tripathi Nisha
Published: November 2021

Taking note of the fact that bamboo is a source of income for poor in India including floodplain areas of Uttar Pradesh, present study was undertaken in Uttar Pradesh to assess the importance of utilizing bamboo as an important source of feed and fodder for livestock. Bamboo leaves and twigs, being palatable, can be chewed by cattle and it can be used as a nutrient rich green fodder and dry fodder for cattle in rural areas thereby reducing the consumption of expensive feed concentrates for livestock, poultry and fish. Under current societal regimes, very few people use bamboo leaves as a livestock fodder. Bamboo leaves and twigs and concentrates when used as a supplement yielded satisfactory results. Ensuring continuous supply of nutrient rich feed and fodder is critical to the agriculture, dairy and meat production and also fisheries. The present paper discusses the methods to explore the potential of bamboo as feed and fodder for livestock to improve the overall health and productivity of livestock.
Identification of female sex-specific DNA marker in a dioecious rattan (Calamus travancoricus Bedd. ex Becc.)
Authors: Priya Kavungal , Indira E. , Sreekumar Vadakkethil , Renuka C.
Published: November 2021

Calamus travancoricus Bedd. ex Becc. is a dioecious rattan species of commercial importance used in the furniture and handicraft industry. In order to develop genetic improvement and restoration programmes, it is essential to identify sex at seedling stage. In the present study, we have identified molecular markers linked to sex determination using RAPD markers. Of the twenty random primers standardised, the primer OPAU 02 yielded a unique amplicon specific to female genotypes. It is feasible to identify sex at the early stages of plant life, which is beneficial for improving further breeding programs in C. travancoricus.
Diversity, Distribution, Indigenous uses and Conservation of Medicinal Plants in Naina Devi Sacred Shrine and Surroundings, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh, North Western Himalaya
Authors: Marpa Sunil , Samant Sher , Paul Shiv , Tewari Ashish
Published: November 2021

The paper records the indigenous uses of medicinal plants found in the surroundings of the Naina Devi Sacred Shrine, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh. Frequent monitoring of habitats, populations and extraction trend of medicinal plants, rehabilitation of the natural habitats, restoration of the degraded sites, monitoring and management of the invasive species, education and awareness for the local inhabitants and people’s participation in conservation of medicinal plants have been suggested.
Distributional note on Balanophora fungosa (Balanophoraceae) from Nagaland, India
Authors: Daimary Ranjit , Odyuo Nripemo
Published: November 2021

The species Balanophora fungosa J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. (Balanophoraceae) collected for the first time from Nagaland state is an addition to the flora of Nagaland. Detailed descriptions and distribution of the species along with colour photograph has been provided for its easy identification.
VOCÊ E A GENTE NO PORTUGUÊS FALADO DE VITÓRIA DA CONQUISTA-BA: UMA ANÁLISE SOCIOFUNCIONALISTA DO FENÔMENO DE INDETERMINAÇÃO DO SUJEITO
Authors: Souza Gilvanei de Oliveira
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho é resultado de um estudo que tem como objetivo primário investigar o modo como acontece a indeterminação do sujeito por meio das formas gramaticalizadas você e a gente no Português Culto e Popular falado de Vitória da Conquista - BA. Pretendemos, aqui, ampliar a abordagem acerca do fenômeno em questão, verificando como, em seus processos de mudança via gramaticalização, as formas você e a gente adquiriram a função de indeterminar o sujeito, considerando a influência de variáveis linguísticas (superestrutura textual, mudança ou manutenção do referente e tempo verbal) e extralinguísticas (sexo, faixa etária e grau de escolaridade) no processo de escolha do falante por qualquer uma das formas de indeterminar supracitadas. Para dar conta desses objetivos, ancoramo-nos na orientação de pesquisa sociofuncionalista, que resulta da junção de pressupostos teóricos-metodológicos de duas correntes linguísticas: a Sociolinguística e o Funcionalismo Norte-Americano, formando, assim, o Sociofuncionalismo. A amostra usada é composta por 24 entrevistas extraídas dos corpora de Português falado de Vitória da Conquista -BA (corpora PPVC e PCVC) e os dados localizados passaram por análise estatística probabilística por meio do programa GoldVarb X. No processo de análise, foram localizadas 1261 ocorrências das duas formas em posição de sujeito na amostra, sendo 637 delas de sujeito indeterminado. Os resultados obtidos a partir da análise desses dados permitiram inferir que (i) tanto o você quanto o a gente atuam enquanto estratégias de indeterminação do sujeito no Português falado de Vitória da Conquista – BA; (ii) essa atuação sofre influência de fatores linguísticos e sociais; (iii) há contextos específicos em que a função indeterminadora é empregada e outros também específicos nos quais a função prototípica das formas prevalece; (iv) a função de indeterminar, comum às duas formas, é resultado do processo de gramaticalização pelo qual passaram, já que observamos uma relação entre a atuação de princípios como a descategorização semântica e a persistência (típicos da mudança via gramaticalização) e a função inovadora agregada às duas formas, evidenciando o paralelo entre gramaticalização e indeterminação.
“NÓS” E “A GENTE”: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE VARIEDADES DO PORTUGUÊS
Authors: Silva Josany Maria de Jesus
Published: November 2021

A variação no uso dos pronomes de primeira pessoa plural (1PP) no Português do Brasil (PB) e no Português Europeu (PE), “nós” e “a gente”, foi objeto de diversos trabalhos (OMENA, 1986; LOPES, 1999, 2003; PEREIRA, 2003; RUBIO, 2012; SÓRIA, 2013; VIEIRA, 2014, dentre outros). Tendo como base a teoria gerativa, descrevemos e comparamos o uso dos pronomes de 1PP em amostras de fala popular em corpora do PB e do PE. Partimos da hipótese de Namiuti (2012), de que ambos os pronomes, “nós” e “a gente” integram o sistema vernacular brasileiro, ou seja, não competem entre si, sendo a natureza, o comportamento e uso dos pronomes de 1PP no PB diferentes do PE, por ambas as línguas apresentarem um paradigma flexional e sistema de concordância distintos. Contrariamente ao uso de “nós” no PE, em que a função sujeito se associa a verbos flexionados em primeira pessoa do plural ou quarta pessoa do discurso (P4), em variedades do PB o uso do pronome na função sujeito acontece com verbos flexionados na terceira pessoa do singular (P3) e também é utilizado na função de objeto direto e indireto, função não desempenhada pelo pronome no PE que utiliza o pronome clítico "nos" para realizar as funções acusativas e dativas (também em VIEIRA, 2014). Quanto ao uso de "a gente", na comparação dos dados, verificou-se muitas semelhanças, todavia uma diferença a nosso ver relevante é que a concordância com P4 nos dados do PE está na faixa de 24% e nos dados do PB não é atestada no corpus de Vitória da Conquista e corresponde a apenas 4% dos dados de Feira de Santana. O sujeito nulo também possui características que distinguem a gramática do PB da gramática do PE. Diversos trabalhos apontam que no PB, ao contrário do PE, o sujeito costuma ser preenchido, sendo esta uma língua orientada para o tópico discursivo (PONTES, 1981, GALVES 1993, entre outros). Nesse sentido, adotamos uma metodologia de tabulação dos dados que separa sujeito nulo de primeira menção e sujeito nulo de segunda menção. Essa metodologia revelou, considerando os corpora e trabalhos visitados nesta pesquisa, que a morfologia flexional P4 é produtiva nos sujeitos nulos de primeira menção no PE e no PB não existe esta relação. Inferimos, portanto, que, pelo menos em PB, não é possível saber se o sujeito apagado se refere aos pronomes “nós” ou “a gente”. O tempo verbal também mostrou ser um fator importante na preservação da morfologia P4 em PB, comprovando a hipótese de Vieira (2014) de que o presente e o passado perfeito do modo indicativo favorecem a presença do morfema de 1PP (-MOS) no PB, por possuir, como defende Villalva (2003), um paradigma flexional que amalgama as noções de tempo, modo, aspecto, pessoa e número. Fatores como saliência fônica e grau de determinação do referente também se mostraram importantes na caracterização das gramáticas.
OS USOS DA PREPOSIÇÃO “A” EM TEXTOS JORNALÍSTICOS DOS SÉCULOS XIX, XX E XXI: CONSIDERAÇÕES SÓCIO-HISTÓRICAS E FUNCIONALISTAS
Authors: Vieira Julinara Silva
Published: November 2021

Nas últimas décadas, a Linguística Histórica tem se voltado, agora com ajuda do Funcionalismo, a discutir não só as mudanças que ocorrem nas estruturas linguísticas, mas também como tais estruturas passam, dentro de um dado sistema, a assumir sentidos e até mesmo funções. Em nosso estudo, fazemos reflexões acerca da preposição a na Língua Portuguesa, demonstrando que ela se originou da preposição latina ad; no Latim, essa preposição era usada para “reger” o caso acusativo, com a finalidade de expressar os conceitos de direção, movimento, proximidade e fim. Nesse sentido, coube-nos investigar que valores a preposição a passou a assumir na Língua Portuguesa, partindo das gramáticas históricas e prescritivas às gramáticas de uso, o que se torna, em verdade, a nossa reflexão sobre os usos da preposição a. Partindo, então, dos pressupostos elencados sobre essa preposição, o objetivo principal com este trabalho é o de identificar os novos sentidos e funções que a preposição a assumiu ao longo de três séculos da Língua Portuguesa, bem com a frequência da ocorrência de tais funções e sentidos; para isso, aventamos a hipótese de que a preposição a foi, ao longo do tempo, assumindo novos usos e valores, passando do seu sentido base/prototípico (mais usual) para acepções mais abstratas. Como aporte teórico[1]metodológico, buscamos dialogar com dicionaristas como Silva Pinto (1832) e Torrinha (1874); as concepções de Said Ali (1971) e Pereira (1964[1916]) em gramáticas históricas, além do ponto de vista de gramáticos normativos como Cegalla (1978), Rocha Lima (1992[1975]), Cunha e Cintra (2001) e Bechara (2009) e, por fim, as discussões no âmbito da Linguística contemporânea segundo Poggio (2003), Ilari (2008), Neves (2011). Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, cuja análise é quantitativa e também qualitativa, amparada teoricamente pela Sócio-história e o Funcionalismo, partindo de uma perspectiva pancrônica, com dados coletados em textos jornalísticos, a saber, no Jornal A Penna, datado do século XIX e XX e no Jornal Tribuna do Sertão, do século XXI. Os resultados apontam que a preposição a vem passando por um produtivo processo de gramaticalização através do ganho de novos sentidos, transpondo da acepção de Espaço para Tempo, e desse para sentidos mais abstratos, em alto grau de abstratização.
EFEITOS-SENTIDO NAS JUSTIFICATIVAS FAVORÁVEIS À ADMISSIBILIDADE DO PROCESSO DE IMPEACHMENT DE DILMA ROUSSEFF
Authors: Luz Milca Borges
Published: November 2021

Neste trabalho, apresentamos resultados da pesquisa que objetivou identificar e analisar os efeito-sentido que funcionam nas justificativas dos votos favoráveis à admissibilidade da abertura do processo de impeachment da ex-presidente Dilma Rousseff. O corpus foi constituído de impressos de notícias sobre as manifestações populares de 2013, 2015 e 2016, no Brasil, de notícias sobre o resultado da votação pela admissibilidade do impeachment de Dilma Rousseff, de cópia do arquivo audiovisual da Sessão da Câmara dos Deputados e do texto impresso do Diário da Câmara dos Deputados, de número 056, onde consta a transcrição da referida sessão. Na análise, mobilizamos pressupostos teóricos da Análise de Discurso (AD). Os resultados indicaram que a admissibilidade da abertura do processo de impeachment de Dilma Rousseff pode ser compreendida como um acontecimento discursivo como postula Pêcheux ([1983] 2015a), pois no “jogo oblíquo de suas denominações” que são os enunciados, não se produziram os mesmos efeito-sentido, além de provocar o encontro entre uma atualidade e uma memória para reorganizá-la, desestruturá-la e reestruturá-la. Indicaram ainda, na circulação-confronto ocorrida no acontecimento discursivo da Admissibilidade do Processo de Impeachment, que o efeito-sentido jurídico de crime de responsabilidade fiscal que motivou a abertura do processo foi esvaziado e quase apagado das justificativas dos votos favoráveis à abertura do Processo de Impeachment.