bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПРЕДИКТОРЫ ЭХОКАРДИОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ С УЧЕТОМ КАРДИОМЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКОГО РИСКА В МОЛОДОМ ВОЗРАСТЕ. ДИФФЕРЕНЦИРОВАННЫЙ ПОДХОД К ВЕДЕНИЮ
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, PARVE SWAPNIL D. , SINEGLAZOVA ALBINA V. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Cardiometabolic diseases represent a significant burden on global health. To ensure prevention of chronic heart failure, coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation, it is crucial to understand changes in echocardiographic parameters with increase in cardiometabolic and residual risk in young adults. Aim. This study aims to identify predictors of cardiac structural and functional changes in young adults with cardiometabolic risk factors and propose an algorithm for differentiated management considering the cardiometabolic disease staging. Materials and Methods. This case-control study included 191 patients with a median age 35 [30.0-39.0] years. Patients were grouped according to the cardiometabolic disease staging. We performed in-depth clinical and laboratory examination, and echocardiography. Statistical analyses were performed in IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Results and Discussion. With progression of cardiometabolic disease stage, there is a rise in the cardiometabolic and residual risk and changes in cardiac structure and function (pK-W = 0.001–0.028). Visceral fat level strongly correlated with end-systolic volume (rs = 0.568; p = 0.000), end-diastolic volume (rs = 0.563; p = 0.000), left atrial volume (rs = 0.471; p = 0.000), stroke volume (rs = 0.464; p = 0.000), and ejection fraction (rs = -0.351; p = 0.000). We observed a weak inverse relationship between the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and waist circumference (rs = -0.257; p = 0.001), waist-to-hip ratio (rs = -0.332; p = 0.000), and visceral fat level (rs = -0.205; p = 0.011). Various statistical analyses showed independent role of visceral fat level in increasing the cardiac pre- and afterload. This allowed us to identify a subgroup CMDS 3-overly high, within CMDS 3. We proposed an algorithm suggesting a differentiated approach for the management of young adults with cardiometabolic risk factors that helps in stratifying individuals possessing higher risk of developing chronic heart failure, coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation. Conclusions. An increase in the burden of cardiometabolic and residual risk factors is associated with an increase in cardiac pre- and afterload. Excess visceral fat level most significantly contributed to cardiac structural and functional changes. Per our proposed algorithm, individuals with CMDS 3-overly high group are advised to consult a cardiologist and undergo echocardiography to detect early cardiac changes.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 07.09.2024 г. по 13.09.2024 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена
Published: September 2024

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19 за неделю с 07.09.2024 г. по 13.09.2024 г.
The Current State of International Academic Partnerships in Orthopaedic Surgery Between High-Income and Low and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Flores Michael J. , MacKechnie Madeline C. , Brown Kelsey E. , O'Marr Jamieson M. , Rodarte Patricia , Socci Adrienne , Miclau Theodore
Published: September 2024

Background:

Orthopaedic academic partnerships between high-income countries (HICs) and low and middle-income countries (LMICs) are an effective method to increase research and scholarly support. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic literature review of the current state of partnerships worldwide and assess the quality, quantity, and content of their research output.

Methods:

A systematic review was conducted using 4 academic databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL. Article eligibility criteria included articles published between January 2017 and 2022, with orthopaedic authors from at least 1 HIC and LMIC. Articles related to global orthopaedic surgery with exclusively HIC or LMIC authors were excluded.

Results:

The database search yielded 25,928 articles, and after deduplication, 21,145 articles were included in the screening. After title and abstract screening, 408 articles underwent full-text review for eligibility. The final list of eligible articles for extraction included 310 publications in 127 journals. Published articles increased over time (46 in 2017 to 88 in 2021) and were most commonly published in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (20, 6.5%). Open-access articles (203, 65.5%) had a significantly greater Journal Citation Indicator (p = 0.024) than non-open-access articles. Most studies (40.7%) were observational, with few (3.6%) randomized controlled trials. Orthopaedic trauma (38.1%) was the most common subspecialty, followed by spine (14.8%) and pediatrics (14.2%). Most partnerships were sponsored by North American authors in 65 LMICs, primarily China, India, and the sub-Saharan African region.

Conclusion:

This study identified 310 articles published by orthopaedic international academic partnerships in 106 countries over the past 5 years, demonstrating that collaborations between LMIC/HIC partners nearly doubled over the study period. Sixty-five percent of the articles were published in open-access journals.
Reglamento de propiedad intelectual.
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Reglamento de propiedad intelectual. Versión 1.0 (2017)
Reglamento del Comité Institucional de Ética en Investigación.
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Reglamento del Comité Institucional de Ética en Investigación. Versión 1.0 (2017).
Lineamientos para la asignación de bonificaciones – Asesoría y revisión de trabajos de investigación (bachiller, título profesional).
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Lineamientos para la asignación de bonificaciones – Asesoría y revisión de trabajos de investigación (bachiller, título profesional). Versión 1.0 (2019). Registro histórico. Vea la versión posterior en: https://repositorio.cientifica.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12805/3668
Procedimiento – Gestión de cuentas de usuario de software antiplagio (Turnitin ®).
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Procedimiento de gestión de cuentas de usuario de software antiplagio (Turnitin). Versión 1.0 (2019).
Lineamiento – Grupos de investigación
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Lineamiento – Grupos de investigación. Versión 1.0 (2020). Registro histórico. Ver la versión posterior en: https://repositorio.cientifica.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12805/3699
Procedimientos para la aplicación, ejecución, seguimiento y control de los proyectos de I+D+i con fondos concursables externos
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Procedimientos para la aplicación, ejecución, seguimiento y control de los proyectos de I+D+i con fondos concursables externos. Versión 1.0 (2020).
Precisiones respecto a la evaluación de proyectos de tesis e investigación realizados por miembros de Científica – versión 2021 (ver documento)
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Precisiones respecto a la evaluación de proyectos de tesis e investigación realizados por los miembros de la Universidad Científica del Sur. Versión 1.0 (2021). Registro histórico. Vea la versión posterior en: https://repositorio.cientifica.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12805/3678
Lineamiento – Asignación de bonificación a la producción científica
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Lineamientos para la asignación de bonificaciones – Publicación de artículos científicos. Versión 3.0 (2021). Registro histórico. Ver la versión posterior en: https://repositorio.cientifica.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12805/3701
Requisito de afiliación institucional para obtener beneficios en investigación organizados por la DGIDI
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Requisito de afiliación institucional para obtener beneficios en investigación organizados por la DGIDI. Versión 1.0 (2021).
Normas y procedimientos de los trabajos de investigación para la obtención de títulos profesionales y grados académicos.
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Normas y procedimientos de los trabajos de investigación para la obtención de títulos profesionales y grados académicos. Versión 3.0 (2022).
Lineamiento – Asignación y verificación de horas de investigación
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Lineamiento – Asignación y verificación de horas de investigación. Versión 1.0 (2022). Registro histórico. Vea la versión posterior en: https://repositorio.cientifica.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12805/3687
Procedimiento – Registro de propuestas de investigación
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Procedimiento para el registro de propuestas de investigación. Versión 1.0 (2023)
Resolución que norma las acciones a realizar ante casos de compra o venta de tesis, artículos científicos, patentes o libros
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Resolución que norma las acciones a realizar ante casos de compra o venta de tesis, artículos científicos, patentes o libros. Versión 1.0 (2024).
The long-term effect of SiO2 nanoparticles in drinking water induces chronic kidney disease in a mouse model with modern dietary habits
Authors: Ye Tzung Cheng , Chao Shu-Ju , Huang Chih-Pin
Published: September 2024

SiO2 nanoparticles (SNPs), which reportedly have low potential side effects, are used in various applications, for example, as food additives, for drug delivery, and as semiconductors, but these NPs are a growing concern because a few studies have shown potential risks to human health, such as fatty liver formation. In recent years, dietary habits have changed, and more refined foods, sugary beverages, and fast food are being increasingly consumed during daily life; therefore, the dietary habits have changed toward increasing consumption of high-fat diets, which may increase the incidence of liver and kidney disease. Our in vivo study demonstrated that the administration of SNPs in drinking water in combination with a high-fat diet was associated with the accumulation of SNPs and triglycerides in renal tissue; elevations in the blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, and creatinine levels in serum; the formation of Basophilia and tubular cell sloughing; abnormal renal parenchyma, cysts, and hyaline casts; the induction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and markers for chronic kidney disease such as vimentin, lipocalin 2, kidney injury molecule; the activation of fibrosis and inflammation; increased oxidative stress; and the development of chronic kidney disease. The evidence showed that long-term treatment of SNPs in drinking water might induce renal injury in individuals with modern dietary habits and provided important results for evaluating the safety of SNPs, especially for human health.
In Vivo, Exploring the Antidiabetic and Antimicrobial Effects of Okra Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemic Conditions
Authors: Alnasser Sulaiman Mohammed , Almutairy Ali F. , Ahammed Shakkeela Yusuf Erattil , Meshal Alotaibi , AlMutairi Khaled M. , Alhussain Faisal Abdulaziz , Alharbi Mohammed Askar , Khan Mohd Masih Uzzaman
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the phytochemical composition, quality parameters followed by antimicrobial and antidiabetic activity of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) plant material. The study involved macroscopic examination of the plant material for visual characteristics, and phytochemical screening for various chemical constituents. The presence of flavonoids, amino acids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, reducing sugars, triterpenes, and lipids was detected, while glycosides, phlobatannins, and cardiac glycosides were absent. The foreign matter content was determined to be 0.17 gm on average. Ash value analysis revealed a mean total ash value of 1.21%, acid insoluble ash of 0.07%, and water-soluble ash of 0.98%. The pH of the plant extract was measured, and the moisture content was determined to be 6.3%. Additionally, the swelling index and foaming index were calculated as quality parameters. Notably, the antimicrobial activity of the okra plant extract showed no significant inhibition zones against various bacterial and fungal strains. The antidiabetic activity of Okra extract was evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in male albino Wistar rats. Blood glucose level, plasma insulin level and HbA1c% were checked in diabetic and treated groups. After day 21 of the treatment with Okra extract, there was a significant decrease in blood glucose level and plasma insulin level whereas increase in plasma insulin level was observed compared to diabetic group. The results indicated antidiabetic potential of Okra extract. However, further studies are required to elucidate the underlying mechanism of action and long-term effects of okra extract on glycaemic control.
A New Likelihood Based Estimation of Generalised Beta Parameters for Shape Robust Inventory Optimization
Authors: MUKHOTI SUJAY , Ghosh Soham , Sharma Pritee
Published: September 2024

Shape of the probability distribution underlying a data generating process plays a crucial role in scientific and social studies. Generalised beta distribution provides a shape robust generic parametric probability model for such processes with finite support. Parameter estimation in Generalised beta model is limited to the moment based methods and maximum likelihood estimation in the existing literature. Both methods do not satisfy the sufficiency condition as some sample observations may lie outside the estimated support. In this work, we propose a new estimation method based on order statistics and transformed likelihood, which ensures feasible estimation. We have further studied the performances of the estimators in terms of bias and mean square error for both small and large samples using simulation experiments. We demonstrate the application of the proposed estimation method through estimation of the optimal order quantity in a popular inventory model called the newsvendor problem. In particular, deciding the nursing staff requirement for emergency departments of city hospitals is a critical issue. Here we assume the data generating process underlying demand to follow generalised beta distribution for shape robustness. We have demonstrated the advantage of the proposed method in estimating the optimal nurse requirement over the existing ones.
A Prospective Field Study to Evaluate the Performance and Acceptance of an Oral Fluid-Based HIV Self-Test in Canada
Authors: Galli Richard A. , Tian Jason M. Lo Hog , McBain Kristin , Maraj Darshanand , McFarland Abbey , Tharao Wangari , Nkala Nontobeko P. , Chan Arlene , Silva Mark Da , Thomas Rejean , Vassal Anne-Fanny , Lepage Martin , Ireland Laurie , Payne Mike , Star Jared , Fraser Chris , Selfridge Marion , Loutfy Mona , Halpenny Roberta , Jeyarajah Nirubini , Tran Vanessa , Mazzuli Tony , Rourke Sean B.
Published: September 2024

Background: Blood and oral fluid-based HIV self-tests are important for reaching the undiagnosed especially in key populations. The study objectives were to: (1) evaluate the oral fluid-based OraQuick® HIV Self-Test (HIV-ST) performance compared with laboratory reference testing; (2) document if intended users can correctly perform the HIV-ST; (3) document if intended users can successfully interpret contrived positive, negative, and invalid results; and (4) document if intended users can understand the key messages in the product labeling.
Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited consenting adults who were representative of intended users of HIV self-testing from four community sites in Canadian provinces between June 2022 and January 2024. The results of the observed HIV self-tests were compared with results of the laboratory-based “gold standard” Abbott Alinity HIV Antigen/Antibody Combo test. Usability outcomes for critical and noncritical self-test procedure steps were also determined.
Results: Overall, 951 participants were recruited and consented with 911 available for all analyses. With respect to socio-demographics: 84% of participants were between 18-45 years of age, 73% had at least college education, 48% were cis-male, and 45% were employed; 26% identified as White, 23% as African, Caribbean or Black, 5% as Indigenous [First Nations, Métis or Inuit], 33% as Asian, and 6% as LatinX. Primary performance analysis on the 911 completed HIV-ST revealed a positive percent agreement of 100% (1/1) and a negative percent agreement of 100% (880/880, 95% CI: 99.9-100%) with the comparator method. For usability determination, the average success rate for steps identified as “critical” for successful completion of the test was 94.1%. Approximately 97% of participants found the instructions easy to follow, and 98% of participants indicated that they would use the test again. Of the 465 participants who interpreted the strong positive, weak positive, negative, and invalid contrived results, most participants were able to interpret the results correctly.
Conclusions: Having an oral fluid-based HIV self-test approved in Canada can offer an accurate, acceptable, and less invasive alternative to blood-based HIV self-testing. The addition of an oral-fluid self-test along with the current licensed blood-based HIV self-test could significantly increase HIV testing rates by offering individuals a choice of self-testing devices.
Blood immunomap for prediction of responses to aPD1 immunotherapy in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Verginis Panayotis , Semitekolou Maria , Paschalidis Nikolaos , Tartaro Domenico Lo , Tsitsopoulou Aikaterini , Stamou Panagiota , Mavroudis Alexandros , Markaki Effrosyni , Varveri Athina , Morianos Ioannis , Lavigne Matthieu , Fotsitzoudis Charalampos , Magkouta Sofia , Dede Konstantina , Kalomenidis Ioannis , Samitas Konstantinos , Potaris Konstantinos , Cossarizza Andrea , Mavroudis Dimitrios , De Biasi Sara
Published: September 2024

Immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite the immense success, still a significant proportion of patients do not develop durable responses, allowing disease progression accompanied by high mortality rates. Therefore, there is an imperative need for identification of reliable non-invasive predictive biomarkers to guide therapeutic decisions. Herein, we constructed a blood immunomap in NSCLC patients with metastatic disease, using a high-dimensional mass cytometry approach. Assessment of clinical responses to aPD1 immunotherapy revealed, among others, a significant expansion of CD8+PD-L1+ T cells in individuals not responding to immunotherapy. Of interest, CD8+PD-L1+ T cells were enriched in tumor biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage of NSCLC individuals at early stages of disease as well as in pleural infusions of individuals with thoracic malignancies. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that CD8+PD-L1+ T cells exhibited a regulatory/exhausted phenotype, while various transcripts associated with the overall survival of NSCLC individuals, were mapped. Overall, our findings define an immunomap in the early stage and advanced NSCLC patients and identify immune-related events which may benefit the quest for identification of predictive biomarkers of immunotherapy responses.
Using network databases for data fusion to promote youth mental well- being
Authors: Krishna Harsha , Darwich Adam S. , Meijer Sebastiaan
Published: September 2024

The promotion of mental well-being among youth has been an immediate need for Sweden to reduce the deterioration of health in the next generation of Swedes. To achieve this, various programs have been adopted at the school and municipality levels. While overall observations are made via surveys, it has been difficult to attribute the impact back to strategies employed by municipalities. Different municipalities implement programs and monitor and collect data that affect youth well-being locally. Analysis of these data is difficult, as different data silos across different institutions exist. In this work, we propose the use of a data-fusion approach to compose a common dataset to study youth well-being with data gathered from different departments in Swedish municipalities. We identify the required datasets along with their schemas, metadata and definitions. We develop a network database design using a schema to identify common definitions and related points. We use the developed network-based common dataset to demonstrate queries for data spanning various institutions. We demonstrate this for two municipalities in Stockholm. Finally, we describe future work to employ this dataset in a participatory setting to gain better knowledge of the impact of various programs in different municipalities of different socioeconomic contexts.
Co-infection by Marssonina rosae and Alternaria alternata Alters Host Responses of Rose Black Leaf lesion Disease
Authors: liang chaowei , Shan Hongying , Liu Huiqin , Liang Hongchun , Chen Zhaorong
Published: September 2024

Rose black Leaf lesion is one of the most severe diseases affecting roses and impacts the growth and ornamental value of rose plants. In this study, Marssonina rosae and Alternaria alternata were frequently isolated simultaneously from rose leaves exhibiting black Leaf lesion disease symptoms, and their pathogenicity was confirmed by Koch's postulates. In dual culture assays, M. rosae and A. alternata were co-cultured for their preliminary characterization, and the liquid culture filtrate of M. rosae promoted the growth of A. alternata. The interactions between M. rosae and A. alternata were investigated through in vitro leaf inoculation with M. rosae inoculated first, followed by A. alternata sequentially at 0, 4, or 6 days later, while the controls were inoculated with M. rosae or A. alternata individually. The results showed that the lesion area of the rose black Leaf lesion and the spore concentration of M. rosae on leaf surfaces significantly increased if M. rosae was inoculated four days prior to A. alternata subsequent inoculation. Moreover, comparative expression analyses were performed of several genes involved in plants' reactions to pathogens, such as the master regulators of salicylic acid (SA) or jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated defense signaling pathway networks. The results indicated that in susceptible roses, the inhibition of SA-related defense signaling through increasing SA levels in the early stage of M. rosae infection (0-4dpi) led to continued inhibition of a large number of plant–pathogen interaction-related and signaling-related genes, including OPR3, ICS, NPR1, MYC2, and WRKY70, which facilitated the invasion of Alternata as a saprophytic fungus. In the later stages of the disease (8–10 dpi), The expression of SA-related resistance genes was gradually decreased, and the antagonistic effect of SA on the JA pathway was weakened, which increased the pathogenicity and sporulation capacity of M. rosae and reduced the pathogenicity of A. alternata. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the co-infection by two fungi exacerbated the severity of rose black Leaf lesion disease through the regulation of SA- and JA-mediated resistance signaling pathways to promote the invasion of A. alternaria and further enhance the pathogenicity of M. rosae. The findings of this study revealed a new mechanism underlying the occurrence of rose black Leaf lesion disease, providing a novel theoretical framework and guidance for the prevention and control of this disease in roses.
Symbiotic Synergies: A Comprehensive Analysis of Antibacterial Potency, Antioxidant Proficiency, and Phytochemical Composition in Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum and Spirogyra varians from Distinct Aquatic Habitats
Authors: Ahmed Syed Mansoor , Hameed Hajra , Tariq Muhammad , Hameed Afsa , Sharif Muhammad Shakeeb , Farraj Dunia A Al , Aljeidi Reem A. , Afareen Afshan , Waheed Abdul
Published: September 2024

Terrestrial plants have been the main source of many active agents used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Many research studies have focused on different marine organisms like algae, fish, sponges, and crustaceans to obtain bioactive products like proteins and peptides for use in the pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries. In contrast to terrestrial plants, marine algae are a very abundant and important source of different constituents that have established beneficial effects on human skin and have been used in the cosmeceutical industry. Samples of algae were collected from two different aquatic sites. Identification of samples was made based on microscopic morphological and other key characteristics of algae, and they were found to be R. hieroglyphicum and S. varians. Extraction was carried out in methanol and in a mixture of DCM (dichloromethane) and methanol. Both samples collected from the two different sites showed significant antibacterial effects in various assays performed using the Disc Diffusion Method and the Well Method. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were also detected using a 2.2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Quantitative and qualitative analyses showed significant quantities of phenolic and flavonoid contents. The stressful climatic factors lead to the synthesis and production of compounds with secondary metabolites, which are anti-stress and important for their antioxidant and therapeutic effects, resulting in various biological activities.
Function of floral fragrance-related microRNAs and their targets in Hedychium coronarium
Authors: wang Fang , Liu Liang , Yu Rangcai , Li Xin , Yu Yunyi , Li Xinyue , Yue Yuechong , Fan Yanping
Published: September 2024

Background Hedychium coronarium
is highly valued for its intense fragrance, which may be influenced by the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are a class of small RNAs that play conserved and pivotal regulatory roles throughout plant growth and development, modulating various aspects of plant metabolism. However, the specific functions of miRNAs in the growth and development of H. coronarium remain largely unexplored.
Results
Therefore, to identify miRNAs in H. coronarium and evaluate their relationship with the synthesis of floral fragrance compounds, we analyzed the volatile compounds and the miRNA patterns at three developmental stages (F1, F5, F9). Our results showed that the volatile emissions of major floral compounds (eucalyptol, ocimene, and linalool) increased with the flower development. Using small RNA sequencing, 171 conserved miRNAs from 24 miRNA families and 32 novel miRNAs were identified. Degradome sequencing revealed 102 mRNA degradation sites corresponding to 90 target genes from 30 miRNA families. The qRT-PCR results indicated that the expression levels of hco-miR393a and hco-miR167n were consistent with the release pattern of floral fragrance compounds, whereas the expression levels of HcTIR1 and HcARF8 were inversely correlated with hco-miR393a and hco-miR167n expression. Tobacco co-transformation demonstrated that HcTIR1 and HcARF8 are respective targets of hco-miR393a and hco-miR167n. Additionally, treatments with exogenous IAA and the auxin inhibitor PCIB affected both the release of floral fragrance compounds in H. coronarium and the expression of hco-miR393a and hco-miR167n. STTM and VIGS experiments indicated that hco-miR167n and hco-miR393a positively regulate the metabolism of floral fragrance compounds, while HcARF8 and HcTIR1 act as negative regulators. Dual-luciferase and yeast one-hybrid assays demonstrated that HcARF8 binds to the promoter of the terpene synthase gene HcTPS8, thereby regulating the synthesis of fragrance compounds.
Conclusions
This is the first report to identify miRNAs in H. coronarium and elucidate their expression profiles in petal tissues across different developmental stages. These findings provide new insights into the molecular regulation of floral fragrance compound synthesis and underscore the role of miRNAs in the Zingiberaceae family of plants.
Atrophic Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Induced by Eyelid Margin Cryotherapy with Liquid Nitrogen
Authors: Wang Shu , Li Yulin , Gao Jingfan , Lin Jia , Jin Xin , Zhang Hong
Published: September 2024

Objective
To develop an atrophic Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) animal model via liquid nitrogen cryotherapy.
Methods
C57 mice underwent eyelid margin exposure to liquid nitrogen for 30 seconds. MG morphology and ocular surface were assessed using stereomicroscopy and a slit lamp microscope at multiple time points post-injury.
Results
Acinar loss and atrophy were observed from day 7, with increased inflammation and apoptosis, and decreased proliferation in acinar cells. Corneal epithelial defects appeared after day 14.
Conclusion
Liquid nitrogen induced selective damage to meibomian acinar cells, simulating MGD pathology effectively, with peak effects at day 21, providing a relevant model for atrophic MGD research.
Vaping versus Smoking: A Quest for Long-term impact in a mouse model
Authors: Massara Layal , Ollivier Anaïs , Dussautoir Romain , Kervoaze Gwenola , Pichavant Muriel , Platel Anne , Kluza Jérôme , Lo-Guidice Jean-Marc , Anthérieu Sébastien , Gosset Philippe
Published: September 2024

Background
Most smokers consider that electronic cigarettes are safer than tobacco and are marketed as safe products. Nevertheless, recent reports show the exposure to high levels of electronic cigarette vapors (ECV) activates lung cells and triggers lung inflammation and structural alterations after chronic exposure. In order to assess the potential harmful effect of moderate exposure to ECV, we investigated in mice, its effect on lung and systemic inflammation and on lung structure and function.
Methods
To reproduce closely the situation frequently encountered in human, we exposed mice during 1h/day during 3 or 6 months with two levels of electronic cigarette power in comparison with mice exposed to cigarette smoke (CS). Lung and systemic inflammation was evaluated by measuring cell recruitment and activation as well as cytokine concentrations. Lung transcriptome, respiratory function and body weight were also measured.
Results
Our data revealed that chronic exposure to moderate levels of ECV increased specifically lung inflammation including NK cells and T lymphocyte recruitment and the production of CXCL1 and CXCL2 chemokines as well as IL-22 after 3 months, these effects being different from the profile induced by CS. Surprisingly, there is no strong overlap between the impact of the 3 types of emissions on lung transcriptome. Modulation of pro-inflammatory pathways are limited to mice exposed to e-cig set to low power. In contrast, alteration of respiratory function is observed in high-power ECV-exposed mice but not at low power, with a different profile than in CS-exposed mice.
Conclusion
Subchronic (or mid-term) exposure to ECV might alter the respiratory function independently of the inflammatory response and in a different manner than CS.
Forecasting Workload in Cloud Computing: Towards Uncertainty-Aware Predictions and Domain Generalization
Authors: Rossi Andrea , Visentin Andrea , Carraro Diego , Prestwich Steven , Brown Kenneth N.
Published: September 2024

Predicting future resource demand in Cloud Computing is essential for optimizing the trade-off between serving customers' requests efficiently and minimizing the provisioning cost. Modelling prediction uncertainty is also desirable to better inform the resource decision-making process, but research in this field is under-investigated. In this paper, we propose univariate and bivariate Bayesian deep learning models that provide predictions of future workload demand and its uncertainty. We run extensive experiments on Google and Alibaba clusters, where we first train our models with datasets from different cloud providers and compare them with LSTM-based baselines. Results show that modelling the uncertainty of predictions has a positive impact on performance, especially on service level metrics, because uncertainty quantification can be tailored to desired target service levels that are critical in cloud applications. Moreover, we investigate whether our models benefit transfer learning capabilities across different domains, i.e.\dataset distributions. Experiments on the same workload datasets reveal that acceptable transfer learning performance can be achieved within the same provider (because distributions are more similar). Also, domain knowledge does not transfer when the source and target domains are very different (e.g.\from different providers), but this performance degradation can be mitigated by increasing the training set size of the source domain.
Visibility Improvement of Hazy Images Using Manipulation of Convex Combination Coefficients of Equi-Hue Planes' Vertices in the RGB Color Space
Authors: Mukaida Mashiho , Koga Takanori , Suetake Noriaki
Published: September 2024

Images captured in foggy or hazy environments can exhibit whitening and reduced contrast. Various methods have been proposed to enhance the visibility of hazy images with degraded quality. However, these conventional methods may cause degradation, such as unnatural color changes and artifacts, in the resultant image. To address this problem, we propose a haze-removal method for image visibility improvement using manipulation of convex combination coefficients of equi-hue planes' vertices, which correspond to white, black, and pure colors in the RGB color space. The proposed method begins with a pre-processing step containing contrast enhancement of the lightness component using a multi-scale image enhancement method with S-shaped functions. Then, for saturation enhancement, the convex combination coefficients of white are reduced and those of pure colors are increased in the lightness-enhanced image to achieve haze removal. Experiments were conducted using real hazy images and artificially synthesized images, and the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by comparison with conventional methods. From the experimental results, we confirmed that the proposed method sufficiently improves the visibility of hazy images while suppressing unnatural color changes and artifacts.
Switch-like Gene Expression Modulates Disease Susceptibility
Authors: Gokcumen Omer
Published: September 2024

A fundamental challenge in biomedicine is understanding the mechanisms predisposing individuals to disease. While previous research has suggested that switch-like gene expression is crucial in driving biological variation and disease susceptibility, a systematic analysis across multiple tissues is still lacking. By analyzing transcriptomes from 943 individuals across 27 tissues, we identified 1,013 switch-like genes. We found that only 31 (3.1%) of these genes exhibit switch-like behavior across all tissues. These universally switch-like genes appear to be genetically driven, with large exonic genomic structural variants explaining five (~ 18%) of them. The remaining switch-like genes exhibit tissue-specific expression patterns. Notably, tissue-specific switch-like genes tend to be switched on or off in unison within individuals, likely under the influence of tissue-specific master regulators, including hormonal signals. Among our most significant findings, we identified hundreds of concordantly switched-off genes in the stomach and vagina that are linked to gastric cancer (41-fold, p < 10− 4) and vaginal atrophy (44-fold, p < 10− 4), respectively. Experimental analysis of vaginal tissues revealed that low systemic levels of estrogen lead to a significant reduction in both the epithelial thickness and the expression of the switch-like gene ALOX12. We propose a model wherein the switching off of driver genes in basal and parabasal epithelium suppresses cell proliferation therein, leading to epithelial thinning and, therefore, vaginal atrophy. Our findings underscore the significant biomedical implications of switch-like gene expression and lay the groundwork for potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Trehalose catalytic shift is an intrinsic factor in Mycobacterium tuberculosis that enhances phenotypic heterogeneity and multidrug resistance
Authors: Eoh Hyungjin , Lee Jae Jin , Swanson Daniel , Lee Sun-Kyung , Dihardjo Stephanie , Lee Gi Yong , S Gelle , Maskill Emily , Taylor Zachary , Nieuwenhze Michael Van , Singh Abhyudai , Lee Jong-Seok , Eum Seok-Yong , Cho Sang-Nae , Swarts Benjamin
Published: September 2024

Drug-resistance (DR) in many bacterial pathogens often arises from the repetitive formation of drug-tolerant bacilli, known as persisters. However, it is unclear whether Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB), undergoes a similar phenotypic transition. Recent metabolomics studies have identified that a change in trehalose metabolism is necessary for Mtb to develop persisters and plays a crucial role in metabolic networks of DR-TB strains. The present study used Mtb mutants lacking the trehalose catalytic shift and showed that the mutants exhibited a significantly lower frequency of the emergence of DR mutants compared to wildtype, due to reduced persister formation. The trehalose catalytic shift enables Mtb persisters to survive under bactericidal antibiotics by increasing metabolic heterogeneity and drug tolerance, ultimately leading to development of DR. Intriguingly, rifampicin (RIF)-resistant bacilli exhibit cross-resistance to a second antibiotic, due to a high trehalose catalytic shift activity. This phenomenon explains how the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) is facilitated by the acquisition of RIF resistance. In this context, the heightened risk of MDR-TB in the lineage 4 HN878 W-Beijing strain can be attributed to its greater trehalose catalytic shift. Genetic and pharmacological inactivation of the trehalose catalytic shift significantly reduced persister formation, subsequently decreasing the incidence of MDR-TB in HN878 W-Beijing strain. Collectively, the trehalose catalytic shift serves as an intrinsic factor of Mtb responsible for persister formation, cross-resistance to multiple antibiotics, and the emergence of MDR-TB. This study aids in the discovery of new TB therapeutics by targeting the trehalose catalytic shift of Mtb.
131 genetic loci highlight immunological pathways and tissues in nasal polyposis and asthma
Authors: Saarentaus Elmo , Fischer-Rasmussen Kasper , Sliz Eeva , Bizaki-Vallaskangas Argyro , Laitinen Tarja , Toppila-salmi Sanna , Kankaanranta Hannu , Kettunen Johannes , Bønnelykke Klaus , Palotie Aarno , Mäkitie Antti
Published: September 2024

The coexistence of asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is associated with allergic phenotypes, disease severity and failure of first-line treatment for both asthma and CRSwNP. Recent studies have highlighted shared genetic components for these diseases.
To better understand this shared component, we performed genome-wide meta-analyses of asthma (n = 71,481), CRSwNP (n = 9626) and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyposis (CRSsNP, n = 15,448) in FinnGen and UKB (685,602 controls).
We detected 131 genomic associations, including 17 novel loci for asthma, 33 novel loci for CRSwNP, and one for CRSsNP. A shared impact on asthma and CRSwNP was observed at 71 loci. A cross-trait meta-analysis using all disorders further implicated 17 loci associated with asthma or asthma and CRSwNP. These loci largely cluster into three groups, with a shared risk being the most frequent. We also found 17 nonsynonymous associating variants, including a novel TP63 missense variant linked with CRSwNP (OR = 1.519 [1.331–1.734]). Gene set analyses confirmed enrichment of type 2 inflammation genes, and linked FOXP3 signaling to CRSwNP.
Our results highlight new shared and separate genetic pathways for CRSwNP and asthma. These provide several avenues of further investigation in functional and epidemiological follow-up, and evidence for immunological and non-immunological mechanisms behind both diseases.
Optimizing EDM for titanium alloys: an in-depth comparison of five MCDM techniques
Authors: Nguyen Van-Canh , Vu Dinh-Toan , Tran Quoc-Hung , Kieu Van Quang , Nguyen Trong Mai
Published: September 2024

This experimental study investigates the effect of the cutting parameters of the Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) process of Ti-6Al-4V alloy material on surface roughness (Ra), cutting time (t) and Material Removal Rate (MRR) then solve the Multiple Objective Optimization Problem using separate Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods namely Entropy-Weighted TOPSIS (E-TOPSIS), MOORA, SAW, VIKOR, and WPM. Focusing on nine 3-levels variants including Operating Voltage (OV), Pulse-On Time (Ton), Pulse-Off Time (Toff), Short-Circuit Off Time (AFF), Secondary Voltage (SV), Feed Rate (WF), Tension (WT), Water Pressure (WL) and Material Cutting Speed (F). Due to the large number of variants studied, the Taguchi L27 experimental design was chosen to reduce the number of experiments while still ensuring reliability in assessing the impact of technological parameters on responses in the study. The optimization results from the different methods indicated two distinct optimal outcomes. According to the E-TOPSIS, MOORA, and SAW, the optimal result is a Ra of 3.27 µm, a t of 7.37 min, and an MRR of 7.45 mm3/min. This result suggests a balanced and harmonious optimization among all criteria. On the other hand, the figures VIKOR and WPM methods are 2.87 µm, 9.57 min, and 5.74 mm3/min, respectively. These results indicate a higher priority for certain criteria, reflected in the lower Ra, longer cutting time, and a smaller MRR in comparison to the figures for the remaining MCDM methods. The different optimal results achieved by various methods highlight that each method is suited to and excels with different sets of values. Therefore, in each specific research or production process, comparing and choosing results calculated by different methods provides a comprehensive view, aiding in making appropriate decisions
About Pushkinist V. M. Markovich
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State Linguistic University, Aleksandrova Maria A. , Bol’shukhin Leonid Iu. ,   HSE University
Published: September 2024

The presented study was conducted within the framework of axiological linguistics. It has revealed the relationship between the participants of the administrative discourse, namely, a senior official and subordinates, through language markers in order to identify the values of modern managerial communication that regulate these relations. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the value and linguistic characteristics of the administrative discourse as a special dimension of status-based communication are of interest to any person involved in the employer-employee relationship. The authors dwell on the discourse’s qualitative change caused by globalization and digitalization and have come to the conclusion that such an impact is reflected in the evolution of values of the modern administrative discourse. The institutional feature of value attitudes towards subordinates has been proved to be expressed through texts of the “corporate website” hypergenre and lies in promotion of utilitarian and practical values. The authors pay special attention to the analysis of the hypergenre of administrative discourse — “corporate website”, which is considered as a multifunctional Internet hypergenre of administrative discourse, incorporating various genres and subgenres, performing an informing function and being virtual environment for institutional, administrative communication, which helps corporate values and traditions be broadcast and cultivated. The results of the discursive and linguistic analysis of corporate websites of organizations made it possible to decode the value dominants in the behavior of the leader in relation to the subordinate. An up-to-date list of administrative discourse values has been compiled and their hierarchy has been built, with the employee loyalty being highlighted as its key value. The identified values are in a binary opposition of “values for the organization” (employee loyalty) — “values for the employee” (person, care, health, education).
Boileau — Voltaire — Pushkin: About the poem “French rhymers’ strict judge…”
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Dmitrieva Nina L.
Published: September 2024

Pushkin’s unfinished poem “French rhymers’ strict judge…” (1833) is an epistle addressed to Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux, the famous theorist of French classicism. In 1820s–1830s, when the Russian literary milieu was fascinated by romanticism, the significance of Boileau’s works was being reassessed and his name began to be perceived as a symbol of the false idea of art. Pushkin, on the contrary, calls him to be his “guide”. The poem is intentionally written in classic Alexandrine verse, in the form of a classicist appeal to a grand master. At the same time, the poet calls for support on another great classic, Voltaire, imitating his satirical “Épître à Boileau”. Like Voltaire, Pushkin praises the addressee and like Voltaire, he does it with irony. Pushkin chooses a typical classical genre, satirical epistle. Voltaire, the brightest figure of the Enlightenment, worshiped the culture of the 17th century. Pushkin, although his works contain many motifs of romanticism, cannot be viewed as an adherent of this movement, as he did not consider it possible to sacrifice logical precision or the sense of proportion for the sake of greater expressiveness. Interestingly, criticism of romanticism, the “new school”, is complemented in the poem by condemnation of “commercial literature”, which was gaining strength in the 1830s. The poet points out at condemnation of consumer attitudes by Voltaire and Boileau. Pushkin’s epistle is a clear expression of his attitude towards the two main literary movements of the 1830s. Referring to two great classics, Boileau and Voltaire, he gives his preference to classicism.
Libertine vocabulary in the Russian-French dictionary by Antiochus Kantemir
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Vasilyeva Ekaterina N.
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the particularities of the libertine vocabulary in A. D. Kantemir’s “Russian and French Lexicon” which is not only the earlier specimen of the Russian-French Dictionary, but also one of the first secular-oriented lexicons in the 18th century Russia. The content of the Lexicon is considered in contrast to the French translated love fiction, which contributed most to the development of the “language of love” in the new secular Russian society. It allows to define the place that Kantemir’s Lexicon takes in this process. The article analyzes a wide range of mechanisms that Kantemir uses in the aims of enriching the Russian language with the libertine vocabulary. In particular, the author of the article notes some cases of the secularization of slavicisms, which means rethinking the range of meanings of the words of Slavic origin. The article demonstrates such tendency as arbitrary use of prefixes and suffixes, which often offers examples of the author’s word creation, or tendency to generating long rows of the synonyms including the words with different functional and stylistic characteristics. Special attention is paid to the fact of codification in the Lexicon of the vulgar, obscene vocabulary, which associates this work to the manuscript collections of the Russian erotic poetry, the so-called barcoviana, and attests the innovative character of the Lexicon in comparison with the Russian lexicographic tradition. A notable fact is the tendency to a limited use of gallicisms, which is not typical for Kantemir as writer and translator. Conclusions are drawn that Kantemir’s Lexicon, though the obvious secular orientation and the orientation towards the French language as language of gallant communication, demonstrates the fundamental ability of the Russian language to produce its own and not use the borrowed vocabulary that serves the sphere of gallant relations.