bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The contribution of FTO rs9939609 and RETN rs1862513 polymorphisms in predisposing resettled indigenous (Orang Asli) Temiar to metabolic syndrome
Authors: Harun Nur Sakinah , Wan Jusoh Azizul Fadzli , Rohin Mohd Adzim Khalili , Yahaya Rosliza , Nik Him Nik Ahmad Shaifuddin , Zahary Mohd Nizam
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by visceral obesity, elevated blood pressure and fasting blood glucose, increased triglycerides, and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. MetS related with intricate gene-environment interactions. FTO and RETN variants were linked to the occurrence of MetS, but inconsistent results were reported. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the potential role of FTO rs9939609 and RETN rs1862513 polymorphisms and their susceptibility risk to MetS among resettled indigenous or Orang Asli (OA) of Temiar subtribe under resettlement scheme by the Malaysia government.

Methods

A cross sectional study was performed involving 123 Temiar volunteers located in Gua Musang, Kelantan. MetS was identified using modified NCEP-ATP III. DNA extraction was done using peripheral blood. Polymerase Chain Reaction–Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) was employed to genotype FTO rs9939609 and RETN rs1862513 polymorphisms. Susceptibility risk of the polymorphisms (FTO rs9939609 and RETN rs1862513) with MetS was determined by binary logistic regression analysis and odds ratios (ORs).

Results

FTO rs9939609 and RETN rs1862513 were associated with risk of MetS susceptibility among the Temiar subtribe with estimated OR 19.9 (P < 0.001) and 20.7 (P = 0.006) for heterozygous (T/A) and homozygous (A/A) genotype at FTO rs9939609 locus, respectively; OR 222.5 (P < 0.001) and 26.2 (P = 0.005) for heterozygous (C/G) and homozygous (G/G) genotype at RETN rs1862513 locus, respectively.

Conclusion

The genetic polymorphisms of FTO rs9939609 and RETN rs1862513 were associated with the risk of MetS among the Temiar subtribe. The findings contribute toward the fundamental prevention plan to decrease the probability of MetS development.
The predictive models based on multimodality ultrasonography for the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules smaller than 10 mm
Authors: Li Gang , Ma Sai , Zhang Fan , Jia Chao , Liu Long , Gao Feng , Shi Qiusheng , Wu Rong , Du Lianfang , Li Fan
Published: July 2023

Objective:

The objective of this study was to establish a multimodality ultrasound prediction model based on conventional ultrasound (Con-US), shear wave elastography (SWE), and strain elastography (SE) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and to explore their diagnostic values for thyroid nodules ≤ 10 mm.

Methods:

This retrospective study included 198 thyroid nodules (maximum diameter≤10 mm) in 198 thyroid surgery patients who were examined preoperatively with above-mentioned methods. The pathological findings of the thyroid nodules were used as the gold standard, and there were 72 benign nodules and 126 malignant nodules. The multimodal ultrasound prediction models were developed by logistic regression analysis based on the ultrasound image appearances. The diagnostic efficacy of these prediction models was then compared and internally cross-validated in a fivefold manner.

Results:

The specific features on CEUS (enhancement boundary, enhancement direction and decreased nodule area) and the parenchyma-to-nodule strain ratio (PNSR) on SE and SWE ratio were included in the prediction model. The Model one combining American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (ACR TI-RADS) score with PNSR and SWE ratio had the highest sensitivity (92.8%), while the Model three combining TI-RADS score with PNSR, SWE ratio and specific CEUS indicators had the highest specificity, accuracy, and AUC (90.2%,91.4%, and 0.958, respectively).

Conclusion:

The multimodality ultrasound predictive models effectively improved the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules smaller than 10 mm.

Advances in knowledge:

For the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules ≤ 10 mm, both ultrasound elastography and CEUS could be effective complements to ACR TI-RADS.
Frequency of secondary modifiers in Beta Thalassemia intermedia in patients from Northern Punjab
Authors: Nasreen Fariha , Khalid Attika , Zafar Lubna , Ahmed Suhaib Ahmed , Shaikh Asma
Published: July 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine frequency of secondary modifiers in non-transfusion dependent thalassemia.

Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was done at Fauji Foundation Hospital Islamabad. Seventy diagnosed patients of thalassemia intermedia were included. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted using Chelex method. The Xmn-1 and BCL11A polymorphisms were analyzed by Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) PCR. The PCR amplified products were run on Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE).

Results: The Xmn-l polymorphism was seen in 26/70 (37.1%) and BCL11A polymorphism was seem in 50/70 (71.4%) of the patients.

Conclusion: BCL11A and Xmn-l polymorphisms are important secondary modifiers in patients with thalassaemia intermedia in Northern Punjab.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7376

How to cite this: Nasreen F, Khalid A, Zafar L, Ahmad S, Shaikh A. Frequency of secondary modifiers in Beta Thalassemia intermedia in patients from Northern Punjab. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7376

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Acceleration of electrons to relativistic velocities using an ultra-intense laser
Authors: Γρηγοριάδης Αναστάσιος
Published: July 2023

Αντικείμενο της παρούσας Διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι η ανάπτυξη, μελέτη και βελτιστοποίηση ενός επιταχυντή σχετικιστικών ηλεκτρονίων, που δημιουργείται κατά την αλληλεπίδραση υπέρ-ισχυρών παλμών laser με αέριους στόχους. Το εξαιρετικά ισχυρό ηλεκτρικό πεδίο τέτοιων παλμών laser που ξεπερνά την κλίμακα των TV/m, μετατρέπει το αέριο μέσο σε πλάσμα, δημιουργώντας παράλληλα κύματα με μορφή φυσαλίδας τα οποία ακολουθούν τον παλμό του laser. Το πλάτος του ηλεκτρικού πεδίου εντός των φυσαλίδων πλάσματος είναι της τάξεως των GV/m. Ηλεκτρόνια από το πλάσμα παγιδεύονται εντός αυτών των φυσαλίδων πλάσματος και επιταχύνονται, όπως ακριβώς ένας σέρφερ από ένα θαλάσσιο κύμα, σε σχετικιστικές ταχύτητες. Η διαδικασία αυτή ονομάζεται laser wakefield acceleration και λαμβάνει χώρα σε μια απόσταση μόλις μερικών χιλιοστών. Στα πειράματα που παρουσιάζονται εντός αυτής της διατριβής η τυπική ενέργεια των επιταχυνόμενων σχετικιστικών ηλεκτρονίων είναι της τάξεως των 100 MeV. Η βελτιστοποίηση του επιταχυντή των σχετικιστικών ηλεκτρονίων υλοποιήθηκε για μια πληθώρα πειραματικών παραμέτρων όπως είναι η χρονική κατανομή της ενέργειας του παλμού του laser (αντίθεση) και το γεωμετρικό προφίλ του αέριου στόχου. Η βασική όμως παράμετρος που μελετήθηκε ήταν η μεταβολή της διαμόρφωσης των συχνοτήτων του παλμού του laser στο χρόνο, γνωστό και ως chirp. Χρησιμοποιώντας παλμούς laser με θετικό chirp και αέριους στόχους He, επιτεύχθηκε έλεγχος της μέγιστης κινητικής ενέργειας των ηλεκτρονίων σε τιμές έως και 60% παραπάνω σε σχέση με την αντίστοιχη για τους παλμούς laser μηδενικού chirp, γνωστοί και ως Fourier-transformed-limited. Μέσω της υλοποίησης προσομοιώσεων τύπου particle-in-cell αποδείχθηκε ότι στην περίπτωση των παλμών laser με θετικό chirp επιτυγχάνεται η δημιουργία πιο ομοιόμορφων φυσαλίδων πλάσματος σε σχέση με τις υπόλοιπες περιπτώσεις, με αποτέλεσμα να αυξάνεται σημαντικά η απόδοση της επιτάχυνσης των σχετικιστικών ηλεκτρονίων, το οποίο έρχεται σε συμφωνία με τις πειραματικές μετρήσεις. Η μελέτη της εναλλαγής του chirp του παλμού του laser επεκτάθηκε και σε πολυ-ηλεκτρονικούς αέριους στόχους δείχνοντας ποιοτικά όμοια αποτελέσματα με την περίπτωση του He, αλλά παράλληλα τονίζοντας τις διαφορές που προκύπτουν λόγων των επιπλέον μηχανισμών παγίδευσης των ηλεκτρονίων. Τέλος, η μελέτη του ρόλου των πολυ-ηλεκτρονικών αέριων στόχων ολοκληρώθηκε με τη διενέργεια ταυτόχρονων μετρήσεων σχετικιστικών ηλεκτρονίων και των αντίστοιχων ακτίνων-χ τύπου βήτατρον που παράγονται κατά την ταλάντωση των σχετικιστικών ηλεκτρονίων εντός των φυσαλίδων πλάσματος.
IMPORT SUBSTITUTION OF WORKING UNITS FOR MULCHERS
Authors: Kolomeychenko Aleksandr , Solovev Roman , Solovev Rudolf , Maksimov Evgeniy , Karyakin Sergey
Published: July 2023

In the current conditions, there is a multifaceted urgent problem of meeting the growing demand of agriculture for modern and high-quality equipment. Mulchers for tractors, excavators and skid steer loaders are becoming more and more popular as a type of attachment. Carbide cutting elements for the mulcher have a high resource, do not require sharpening, and are not afraid of small stones in the soil. An urgent task in terms of import substitution is the organization of their production at domestic engineering enterprises, which requires information on the materials used for manufacturing. The purpose of the study is to study the details of working bodies for foreign-made mulchers and to identify domestic analogues for the organization of industrial production in the Russian Federation. Hardness of foreign-made mulcher base is 431…710 HRC; cleaner - 221; carbide plate - 1068 ... 1073; carbide crown - 1062 ... 1076, tool holder - 51 HRC. For the production of working bodies of mulchers, Russian analogues of structural materials can be used. The tool holder and base can be made of steel for castings of ordinary grades 40KhL or 35GL GOST 977-88. For the manufacture of a scraper, chromium steel grade 40X or manganese steel grade 35GL is suitable. Parts should be subjected to a heat treatment consisting of quenching and low stress relief tempering. For the manufacture of hard-alloy elements of cutters, it is advisable to use tungsten sintered alloys of grades VK8 or VK10. Hard alloy elements should be soldered with solder grades LNMts 49-9-0.2, MNMts 55-6-4 or MNMts 9-23.5, which provide high strength of steel-hard alloy joints of 350 ... 450 MPa. It is advisable to weld the scraper to the base as follows. First, the root welds are welded with Sv-08G2S solid section welding wire by semi-automatic gas welding. Then the welded joint is surface hardened with Kiswel K-700HT or WELTEK-H565 flux-cored wire by semi-automatic gas welding. This technology provides a weld with a hardness of 54…60 HRC.
What can be done to manage hyperpigmentation and melasma during pregnancy?
Authors: Ramadan Francesca
Published: July 2023

Pregnancy-induced hyperpigmentation and melasma are extremely common. While not associated with mortality or morbidity, these phenomena can still have a significant impact on a patient's psychological wellbeing. If treatment does commence, to ensure the safety of mother and child, careful review of the available modalities is essential. Francesca Ramadan presents an overview of the options that are considered both efficacious and safe for use during pregnancy and lactation
Let's get social with the British Association of Cosmetic Nurses (BACN)!
Authors: Goddard Rachel
Published: July 2023

Rachel Goddard shares updates at the BACN, including their recent webinars, their three-part series on social media, the upcoming BACN autumn aesthetic conference and more
Tackle the summer slowdown with pre- and post-holiday packages
Authors: Bird Vanessa
Published: July 2023

The summer slowdown happens every year, but with some pre-planning and creativity, you can provide packages that attract enquiries, deliver results and boost revenue. Post-season, assess what worked, tweak what didn't and make sure that for summer 2024 you start the promotional work in spring to ensure maximum uptake
Dismissing an employee respectfully
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: July 2023

Unfortunately, dismissals are sometimes necessary in clinical practices. But dismissing an employee inappropriately may get you into legal trouble. This article outlines things to keep in mind while undergoing the procedure
New Wave of Technology Fights Shipping Emissions
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

UK consortium helping maritime sector hit its carbon reduction targets
Beyond ITER – Next Steps in Fusion Power
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: July 2023

As assembly of ITER begins, scientists and engineers are already looking ahead to the technologies that will take fusion a step closer to the grid
AR Offers New Sea View
Authors: Wade Andrew
Published: July 2023

BAE Systems is exploring new technologies that will change how naval personnel interact with onboard combat systems, from augmented reality to artificial intelligence.
A Different Kind of Space Race
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: July 2023

Raytheon’s vice president for Space Systems says competition is fierce and more complex than ever when it comes to launch development
The Even Larger Hadron Collider
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: July 2023

CERN plans cyclotron 10 times more powerful
Roundtable Report: Exploring the Factory of the Future
Authors: Nathan Stuart , Excell Jon
Published: July 2023

A panel of experts reflect on the challenges and opportunities presented by digital manufacturing technologies.
5G Handsets are Coming
Authors: Tyler Neil
Published: July 2023

HANDSET MANUFACTURERS ARE ON THE PATH TO 5G, BUT WHEN ARE WE GOING TO SEE HIGH-END PHONES RUNNING 5G IN CONSUMER’S HANDS?
Digital Dilemma
Authors: Tyler Neil
Published: July 2023

As the amount of data soars and computational power accelerates, data centres are set to have a bigger carbon footprint than the aviation industry. What can be done to address this?
Next Generation Wi-Fi Chipsets
Authors: Tyler Neil
Published: July 2023

QUALCOMM EXTEND WI-FI EXPERIENCES WITH 60GHZ 802.11AY SOLUTIONS.
From Conception to Delivery
Authors: Smith Pete
Published: July 2023

With various hoops to jump through, the approvals process in the MedTech sector can be challenging, as Pete Smith explains
The Slow Slog
Authors: Grylls Bethan
Published: July 2023

So much has been said about, and money invested in, VR and AR, but is this just another hype cycle?
How are CAM Practices known, Perceived, and Used by People: Narrative Review of the Literacy, Attitude and Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Among Adults
Authors: Shaikh Afnan Nurul Aman , Jalal Khadija , Kumar Athira Suresh , Kannan Swetha , Muttappallymyalil Jayakumary
Published: July 2023

Background: Patients throughout the world frequently use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), especially to treat chronic or untreatable diseases. Since the standards for many chronic illnesses have shifted dramatically, researches have shown that many healthcare providers include integrative and holistic approach in their treatment programs. Therefore, this study evaluates people's literacy, attitudes, and usage of CAM modalities in the current setting. Methods: The thorough narrative review presented is carried out utilizing six computerized databases: Taylor & Francis Online, Research Gate, Frontiers, ScienceDirect, BioMed Central, and PubMed. The key word used for the search was Complementary and alternate medicine (CAM). The results were collected and subjected to content analysis. Results: The current data show that people who are employed, younger, and female likely to be more knowledgeable, have better attitudes, and use CAM frequently. Friends and family are the most frequent sources of knowledge about CAM. Conclusion: Further study is needed in this area due to the lack of studies that address CAM literacy and attitudes.
Prevalence of Depression Among Jordanian University Students During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Khwaldeh Alia , Shoiab Aiman , Alsarhan Ali , Gardouh Ahmed , Alsheikh Ayman , Ababneh Sokiyna , Alqaraleh Moath , Bdeir Roba
Published: July 2023

Objective: The global COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on individuals, physical and mental health. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and depression as a mental health problem among students of Jadara University. Methods: a cross-sectional study among Jadara University students by survey forms was conducted between 6 -12 of May 2020. The CES-D scale was used to assess depression. Result: Out of 200 participants, 45% were classified as high risk for depression and 55% as low risk for depression. Our resulting study revealed that the academic year and the professional status of the student had a significant relationship with depression. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic gives insight into the importance of universities and states natural resources to respond to mental health problems among the most vulnerable.
Comprehensive Assessment of Human Cerebrospinal Fluid for Protein Bio-Marker Identification Following Japanese Encephalitis Viral Infection
Authors: Ghildiyal Sneha , Baluni Manjari , Reddy D. Himanshu , Kumar Alok
Published: July 2023

Identifying potential biomarkers, which can be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, is urgently needed for successful Japanese encephalitis (J.E.) viral infection disease management. In the present study, we identified key CSF protein biomarkers of J.E. patients. We compared them to those from non-JE acute encephalitis syndrome and other neurological non-infectious patients to determine their discriminatory potential to detect JEV infection. Demographic and clinical information including fever, headache, vomiting, altered sensorium, behavioral abnormalities, neck stiffness, and GCS score were recorded for all patients. CSF protein biomarkers were analyzed using 2D gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Total 22 CSF based protein biomarkers were identified and a out of them three protein spots were further processed for biomarkers identification on the basis of size and density. Functional enrichment analyses of Gene Ontology (G.O.) were performed using Cytoscape software to explore the biological functions and relevant pathways. G.O. enrichment analysis showed that the G.O. terms were mainly enriched in immune responses, inflammatory and apoptotic cell death pathways, autophagy regulation, cellular organization, cellular protein modification, lipid transportation, fatty acid metabolism and iron regulation specifically associated with JEV disease. Taken together, it showed that a combination of multiple CSF protein biomarkers constitutes a founding set for the discrimination of JEV infection individuals, which can be used for diagnosis and therapeutic targets; however, it demands further extensive independent cohorts study.
Pathophysiology, Clinical Implications and Management of Orofacial Neuropathic Pain- with special attention to Trigeminal neuralgia: A Narrative Review
Authors: Nabhan Abdullah Bin
Published: July 2023

Background: It is a widely held belief that if the trigeminal nerve is damaged, the victim would experience agonising and unrelenting external pain. A lesion to the trigeminal nerve may have a wide-reaching effect, such as on one side of the face in particular, or it might have a more localised effect, such as on some or all of your gums. The risk of damage increases the likelihood that it will be difficult to speak and swallow. This nerve provides sensation to a part of your face that may be constantly aching or tingling for some people. However, the trigeminal nerve injury-related persistent orofacial pain might be brought on by a wide variety of unknown triggers. Aim: In this study investigate the clinical manifestations of chronic orofacial pain brought on by a damage to the trigeminal nerve, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches available to treat this condition. Methodology Through the use of search phrases such as "Trigeminal nerve injury," "Trigeminal ganglion," "Trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis," "Craniofacial pain," "Oral prognosis," and "treatment," the computerised databases for the last twenty years have been investigated. There are now two hundred objects in total that have been accumulated. There have been around fifty of them that are pertinent to the discussion that is going on in this work. Majority of the patients fair enough with the pharmacology treatment/drugs like the carbamazepine & oxcarbazepine which forms the first line treatment options followed by lamotrigine & baclofen encompassing the second line of drugs along with adjuvant drug support of topiramate, levetiracetam, gabapentin, pregabalin. As the field of science has explored &advanced for the latest treatment options include microvascular decompression, gamma knife radiosurgery, percutaneous rhizotomies variable based on the evidences & guidelines 54 Conclusion: New diagnostic criteria and treatment alternatives have become available for people who suffer from trigeminal neuropathy and orofacial neuropathic pain as a result of recent developments in fundamental animal research that have led to their development. Despite the results, more research needs to investigate a greater variety of distinct non-neuronal cell feature approaches.
Compendium of P. Scrobiculatum: Phytochemical, Physicochemical, Antioxidant, Antiulcer, and Spectroscopic Analysis
Authors: Bhatti Manisha , Singh Jitender , Bhandari Divya Dhawal
Published: July 2023

Background: Paspalum Scrobiculatum (Kodomillet) plant is found in various regions of India and possesses several pharmacological activities such as nutritive, anti-fungal, anti-diabetic, etc. The researchers are more focused these days on exploring other potential activities of this plant and the constituents present. Methods: Present study emphasized preliminary analysis such as macroscopic study, phytochemical analysis, Physicochemical investigation, determination of ash content, (Total flavonoid content), antioxidant property and characterization of extracted components with different spectral techniques and antiulcer potential. later, this study will be helpful in the determination of its medicinal importance in Pharmacy. Results: In macroscopic analysis, it was studied that paspalum scrobiculatum seeds are light brown to dark brown colored, round to oval shaped grain having a size approximately 4mm. Further, the seeds were analyzed for determination of the extractive values and found to be 2.82 % w/w, 0.79 %w/w, 4.26 % w/w 2.40 % w/w in pet. ether, chloroform, ethanol, and water extracts respectively, and extractive value was found highest in ethanol extract. Furthermore, phytochemical analysis of all the different extracts revealed the presence of phenolic components, flavonoids amino acids, protein, and carbohydrates in ethanolic extract, whereas in aqueous extract there was the presence of saponins and carbohydrates. Then, spectral characterization analysis was done with Infrared spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance, and Mass spectroscopy techniques and revealed the presence of different active metabolites in the ethanolic extract which may be considered for numerous pharmacological properties, thus further processed for anti-ulcer potential. The ethanolic extract has given promising results as an antiulcer agent against the standard drug omeprazole. The present research concluded from various parameters such as macroscopic evaluation, successive extraction, physicochemical investigation, phytochemical investigation, and spectral analysis that ethanolic extract of plant P. Scrobiculatum contains the maximum amount of secondary metabolites and was further investigated for anti-ulcer potential at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg and the % Ulcer protection was found to be 26.81% and 49.24 % respectively against the standard drug omeprazole.
The Two-Digit Rule and Winter’s Formula
Authors:   University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ USA, Raschke Robert
Published: July 2023

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. I recently wondered, “How does the “Two-digit rule” for determining the adequacy of respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis relate to Winter’s formula?” Many clinicians were taught this rule-of-thumb: the last two digits of the pH (those visible if you hold your thumb over the “7”) should provide an approximation of pCO2 (in mm Hg) in the presence of normal respiratory compensation. Although Winter’s formula is easy to remember and perform, the Two-digit rule is even easier. Winter’s formula and the Two-digit rule have both been derived empirically from clinical data (1,2). But the reason the Two-digit rule should work has never, to our knowledge, been adequately explained. We wondered how the two rules were related. We began with serum HCO3 values ranging from 4 -18 mmol/L and used them to calculate the corresponding predicted pCO2 values using Winter’s formula (3). Next, we used the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate the corresponding …
Serving life due to borderline personality disorder
Authors: _ _
Published: July 2023

A personal account of the inability to discard the borderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnosis decades after it has been applied. The impact of a BPD diagnosis continues long after discharge from treatment services. The author seeks a route map out of BPD labelling but there is no process to follow.
Contrastive multiple correspondence analysis (cMCA): Using contrastive learning to identify latent subgroups in political parties
Authors: Fujiwara Takanori , Liu Tzu-Ping
Published: July 2023

Scaling methods have long been utilized to simplify and cluster high-dimensional data. However, the general latent spaces across all predefined groups derived from these methods sometimes do not fall into researchers’ interest regarding specific patterns within groups. To tackle this issue, we adopt an emerging analysis approach called contrastive learning. We contribute to this growing field by extending its ideas to multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) in order to enable an analysis of data often encountered by social scientists—containing binary, ordinal, and nominal variables. We demonstrate the utility of contrastive MCA (cMCA) by analyzing two different surveys of voters in the U.S. and U.K. Our results suggest that, first, cMCA can identify substantively important dimensions and divisions among subgroups that are overlooked by traditional methods; second, for other cases, cMCA can derive latent traits that emphasize subgroups seen moderately in those derived by traditional methods.
Mild antecedent COVID-19 associated with symptom-specific post-acute sequelae
Authors: Walker Tiffany A. , Truong Alex D. , Summers Aerica , Dixit Adviteeya N. , Goldstein Felicia C. , Hajjar Ihab , Echols Melvin R. , Woodruff Matthew C. , Lee Erica D. , Tekwani Seema , Carroll Kelley , Sanz Ignacio , Lee F. Eun-Hyung , Han Jenny E.
Published: July 2023

Background

The impact of COVID-19 severity on development of long-term sequelae remains unclear, and symptom courses are not well defined.

Methods

This ambidirectional cohort study recruited adults with new or worsening symptoms lasting ≥3 weeks from confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between August 2020–December 2021. COVID-19 severity was defined as severe for those requiring hospitalization and mild for those not. Symptoms were collected using standardized questionnaires. Multivariable logistical regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between clinical variables and symptoms.

Results

Of 332 participants enrolled, median age was 52 years (IQR 42–62), 233 (70%) were female, and 172 (52%) were African American. Antecedent COVID-19 was mild in 171 (52%) and severe in 161 (48%). In adjusted models relative to severe cases, mild COVID-19 was associated with greater odds of fatigue (OR:1.83, CI:1.01–3.31), subjective cognitive impairment (OR:2.76, CI:1.53–5.00), headaches (OR:2.15, CI:1.05–4.44), and dizziness (OR:2.41, CI:1.18–4.92). Remdesivir treatment was associated with less fatigue (OR:0.47, CI:0.26–0.86) and fewer participants scoring >1.5 SD on PROMIS Cognitive scales (OR:0.43, CI:0.20–0.92). Fatigue and subjective cognitive impairment prevalence was higher 3–6 months after COVID-19 and persisted (fatigue OR:3.29, CI:2.08–5.20; cognitive OR:2.62, CI:1.67–4.11). Headache was highest at 9–12 months (OR:5.80, CI:1.94–17.3).

Conclusions

Mild antecedent COVID-19 was associated with highly prevalent symptoms, and those treated with remdesivir developed less fatigue and cognitive impairment. Sequelae had a delayed peak, ranging 3–12 months post infection, and many did not improve over time, underscoring the importance of targeted preventative measures.
Morte e glorificação de D. Miguel da Anunciação (1703-1779), Bispo de Coimbra
Authors: Mota Guilhermina
Published: July 2023

Este texto publica dois registos de óbito relativos ao Bispo de Coimbra D. Miguel da Anunciação (1703-1779) que faleceu em agosto de 1779 no Mosteiro de Santa Maria de Semide. Um dos registos foi lavrado na freguesia de Semide, o outro na de São João de Almedina, de Coimbra, paróquia onde se localizava o Paço Espiscopal. Nesses registos se documenta as circunstâncias do seu falecimento e o destino que tiveram os seus restos mortais. A vida conturbada de D. Miguel, marcada pelo seu longo cativeiro na prisão de Pedrouços, por causa da sua firme oposição ao regalismo pombalino, granjeou-lhe a auréola do martírio, tendo desencadeado a sua morte um grande movimento popular em busca de relíquias suas.
Organização e Representação da Informação do Projeto “Mesas do Castelinho” no Centro de Arqueologia da Universidade de Lisboa
Authors: Seca Matilde
Published: July 2023

Os arquivos arqueológicos unem a área da ciência da informação e a área da arqueologia, o que não é comum nas investigações, uma vez que é delegado aos arqueólogos o papel de ‘arquivista’ relativamente à documentação que resulta de projetos arqueológicos. A evolução da valorização dada ao património arqueológico tornou necessária a tarefa de representação dos materiais arqueológicos em sistemas de informação. Este artigo pretende, através de uma revisão de literatura, definir os arquivos, a arqueologia e os arquivos arqueológicos e a contextualização do Centro de Arqueologia da Universidade de Lisboa (UNIARQ) e do Projeto “Mesas do Castelinho”, para que, através de um quadro de classificação que assenta nos estatutos da UNIARQ, se possa descrever os materiais que provêm deste projeto numa plataforma online, tornando-os acessíveis para potenciar novas investigações.
A conceptual framework of the sexual objectification of women in music videos
Authors: Gutiérrez Miren , Ubani Cristina
Published: July 2023

Feminist theory has extensively explored the sexualization of women’s images across time. Women are sexually objectified in music videos, TV series, ads, cinema, video games, and other types of audiovisual content. Scholarship has acknowledged, for instance, that women’s visual objectification in news, publicity, and cinema can lead to discrimination and gender-based violence. Audiovisual content is especially impactful, while digital content has a broader and more immediate reach than other types of content. On the one hand, the consumption of music videos and other digital content among minors is rising. On the other hand, music videos influence the normalization of gender violence and gender stereotypes in girls and boys. Despite its importance, until now, there is no conceptual framework of the sexualization of women in music videos. What elements compose the sexual objectification of women in music videos? What dimensions does it encompass? Can they be operationalized to serve as a basis for further analysis? Based on a literature review and analysis by three gender experts of five of the most popular music videos on YouTube in 2020, this article offers a new framework that can serve as a reference. This topic is especially relevant in the age of platforms because, once these videos are online in the public domain, they become the basis for biased algorithmic decision-making.
Análisis de los efectos del framing audiovisual de las y los candidatos en las elecciones de la Comunidad de Madrid de 2021
Authors: Pardo Gimilio David , Álvarez Sánchez Diego
Published: July 2023

Este estudio parte de la teoría del framing para analizar el pluralismo mediático en las coberturas electorales y estudiar los efectos cognitivos en las audiencias. Primero, se utiliza el análisis de contenido cuantitativo para caracterizar la utilización de los códigos mediáticos empleados en la representación audiovisual de las y los candidatos. El análisis se realiza sobre los informativos de mediodía emitidos por La 1, Antena 3, Telecinco y La Sexta, durante la campaña electoral a la Asamblea de Madrid, 2021. Y segundo, se estudian los efectos asociados al framing audiovisual. Para ello se realiza una investigación experimental en una población de jóvenes votantes a través de la confección de ocho piezas informativas. El trabajo adopta una perspectiva de género para determinar los sesgos tanto en el framing audiovisual como en sus efectos. Los resultados constatan la diversidad editorial de las cadenas privadas y el cumplimiento de las restricciones legales en las públicas. Asimismo, contrastan hasta qué punto los medios reflejan el peso político de las candidaturas en función de sus apariciones en los bloques dedicados a sus partidos. Se aprecian también diferencias en la utilización de los códigos mediáticos, pero no aparece intencionalidad editorial. Finalmente, no se deduce un efecto de los códigos mediáticos analizados en los hombres participantes en la valoración de los candidatos o candidatas; pero la valoración del candidato masculino en los grupos de mujeres sí refleja un efecto significativo. El tipo de enfoque de la pieza informativa es la condición que impacta en estas valoraciones.
La deconstrucción del personaje femenino en Galdós: el caso de Marianela y «La Peri»
Authors: Peña Rodríguez Francisco José , Company de Castro Silvia
Published: July 2023

El novelista canario Benito Pérez Galdós trazó en varias de sus obras un perfil canónico de la mujer española claramente diferenciado del atribuido, hasta el siglo XIX, por la tradición literaria en España. Esa construcción estética del personaje femenino implicó para el autor aportar la propuesta de un modelo literario y social nuevo, coincidente además con los postulados del republicanismo español de inicios del siglo XX, en el que militó. Para el escritor, la protagonista literaria debía trascender el papel convencional de esposa y madre hogareña hasta aportar estéticamente una proyección de futuro totalmente ajena al canon social vigente. Además, en toda su obra exploró y reinterpretó el papel de la mujer, tanto en la ficción narrativa y teatral como en el ensayo y el periodismo, hasta aportar modelos concretos como Marianela o «La Peri». En este trabajo se traza una lectura particular a partir de propuestas críticas contemporáneas, y se analiza la deconstrucción del personaje femenino galdosiano desde dos modelos singulares como las protagonistas de Marianela (1878) y Realidad (1889); asimismo se desarrolla un análisis de ambas obras a partir de las dimensiones física, psicológica y sociológica de sus protagonistas principales. La propuesta crítica de este trabajo se complementa con la contextualización del vínculo personal de Pérez Galdós con el transcurso político y social de su época, y con la relación del punto de vista aportado por el autor sobre la sociedad del momento como materia literaria y la pertenencia de la mujer a aquella.
El techo de cristal de las mujeres investigadoras en ciencias de la salud en España
Authors: Segovia Saiz Carla , Briones Vozmediano Erica , Mateos Jose Tomás , González María Esther , Gea Sánchez Montserrat
Published: July 2023

El efecto del techo de cristal explica las barreras invisibles que afectan a la promoción laboral de las mujeres, asociadas a desigualdades de género. El objetivo del presente estudio cualitativo fue identificar las desigualdades en la promoción de las mujeres en la carrera académica e investigadora en el ámbito de la biomedicina en España. Se realizaron 22 entrevistas individuales a mujeres investigadoras en biomedicina en puestos de liderazgo en 2018 en Madrid. Las transcripciones se importaron al software informático Open Code y se analizaron de acuerdo con el método del análisis del discurso. Se identificaron 3 categorías: Reafirmación de la existencia del techo de cristal, Las barreras para la promoción de las mujeres y Necesidades para romper el Techo de cristal. Los resultados indicaron que las mujeres investigadoras sintieron seguir enfrentándose a dificultades adicionales a las de los hombres para progresar en sus carreras profesionales. Entre ellas, destacan la falta de corresponsabilidad en los hogares entre hombres y mujeres, debido a la asunción del rol tradicional de cuidadoras, y la falta de apoyo y medidas efectivas en las instituciones que favorezcan la conciliación, pese a que la legislación requiere que el sector público tome medidas proactivas para ello. Para romper el techo de cristal en las carreras de las mujeres investigadoras en biomedicina es necesario distribuir equitativamente el tiempo dedicado al ámbito laboral y personal de mujeres y hombres, y que las políticas de igualdad de género se implementen de manera efectiva, no sólo limitándose a establecer recomendaciones, sino concretarse mediante acciones y sancionando los incumplimientos.
Fostering Equality and Diversity Inside the Institutions of the European Union: A Linguistic Analysis of their Human Resources Legal Framework
Authors: Manessi Silvia
Published: July 2023

A preliminary reading of the human resources management legal framework applicable to Civil Servants working for the EU Institutions (EU HRM Legal Framework) shows a language which is not cohesive and does not substantiate the principles of equality and diversity as underpinned by the European Union’s core values. This research examines the linguistic features of the EU HRM Legal Framework by exploring the features related to equality and diversity included in the applicable staff legal rules and provisions. The methodological approach of this research entails the creation and analysis of a unique corpus composed of all the applicable HR legal provisions in force in the EU Institutions, and the examination of the terminology related to equality and diversity in four different areas – gender, LGBTI, persons with a disability and elderly. An analysis of the Discourse of the EU HRM Legal Framework deepens the finding of the Corpus research, and the analysis of a questionnaire for HR and Legal Officers working for the different Institutions complements the data, with the aim of triangulating the research findings. The research concludes with highlights of the possible improvements to the language used in the EU HRM legal framework, to the extent necessary for fostering equality and diversity principles
Opportunities for Pharmacist Intervention: Exploring Barriers to Accessing HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) in the United States
Authors: Christopher Cara
Published: July 2023

This scoping review investigates the challenges people in the United States encounter in obtaining post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and explores how pharmacists might improve access to care. Within seventy-two hours of exposure, patients should obtain PEP treatment to prevent the HIV virus from replicating after potential exposure. Potentially-exposed individuals should visit one of the three Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggested places to obtain PEP: an urgent care center, a provider’s office, or an emergency department. Only 13 states allow pharmacists to furnish or dispense PEP from a retail pharmacy, but those in thirty-seven US states cannot acquire PEP from their neighborhood pharmacies. Receiving timely care is further complicated by a lack of healthcare personnel across the United States. The review aims to identify barriers and investigate how pharmacists can improve access to PEP, especially in rural areas and locations with a shortage of healthcare professionals. Previous studies have demonstrated that pharmacists can play a significant role in ensuring HIV preventative care accessibility by attempting to lessen stigma, raising awareness of PEP's accessibility, and including pharmacists in the HIV preventative care continuum. The study aims to learn more about the sociocultural barriers preventing people from obtaining HIV-preventative care, therefore contributing to the rise in infections in the United States and a public health concern. Furthermore, this review explores ways to minimize health disparities experienced by underserved groups to contribute to overall infection mitigation and quality of life improvement in the United States.
Behavioral descriptions pretested for racial stereotypicality and valence: Data from an American and a Portuguese sample
Authors: Quarenta Joana , Palma Tomás A. , Santos Ana Sofia , Correll Joshua
Published: July 2023

In social psychology research, there are several kinds of stereotypical materials that can be used – faces, videos, lists of words, attributes. However, when it comes to behavioral sentences, there is a lack of pre-tested racial stimuli available in the literature. To fill the gap, this paper provides two lists of 154 short behavioral sentences, with stereotypicality (white to black) and valence (negative to positive) ratings. The first list was pre-tested with an American sample (Study 1), while the second list was pre-tested with a European Portuguese sample (Study 2). Importantly, this paper focuses on the broader meaning of black stereotypes’ and not just the narrower definition of the African American stereotype, whose differences are discussed. T-tests identified 73 and 118 stereotypical behavioral descriptions, for future use, respectively for the American and European Portuguese samples. Additional comparisons within and between samples are also provided. Full behavioral descriptions, along with pertinent statistical data, are available to the reader, as a useful working instrument for future research.
The role of child, maternal and household factors in the reported use of physical punishment practices by Portuguese mothers
Authors: Rancheiro Telma , Guedes Maryse , Veríssimo Manuela
Published: July 2023

hysical punishment is the use of physical force to cause to body pain or discomfort, to correct children’s misbehaviour (Gershoff, 2008) and negatively impacts children’s development (Gershoff, 2002). To overcome limitations in the current state-of-art knowledge in Portugal, this study aimed to describe the maternal reports about the use of different physical punishment practices in the last year and to analyse the predictive role of child, maternal and household characteristics in the use of different physical punishment practices in the last year. A total of 289 Portuguese mothers of children aged 5 to 14 years completed the Escala de Crenças sobre a Punição Física (Machado et al., 2003) and the Inventário de Práticas Educativas Parentais (Machado et al., 2015). According to results, spanking child at the buttocks with the hand and slapping child’s hand, arm, or leg were the most reported punishment practices. Maternal tolerance toward physical punishment was the strongest and most consistent predictor of spanking child at the buttocks with the hand and slapping child’s hand, arm, or leg during the last year. Future cross-cultural studies may continue to explore the most used physical punishment practices and the characteristics that predict their use.
ONLINE LEARNING MANAGEMENT TO IMPROVE STUDENT ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Priyambodo Pebriana , Nurmahmudah Fitri
Published: July 2023

This study aims to strengthen the understanding of the importance of managing online learning to improve students' academic achievement in the proper use of the learning model, namely Blended Learning. This research is motivated by the development of 21st-century technology in the world of education that has not been managed optimally by educators, causing students to experience difficulties in participating in applied online learning. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study design. The research subjects were teachers of State Elementary School 2 Sumberagung, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. The data collection techniques through interviews. The study results show that online learning management is carried out in systematic and accurate planning, implementation, and assessment stage. The use of the learning model Blended Learning can positively impact students. The evidence is the results of the average academic score during online learning can achieve the Minimum Completence Criteria (KKM). In addition, the average score obtained by students is also stable. The management of online learning evaluation that is carried out correctly and highly committed can improve student academic achievement.
DEVELOPING THE SCHOOL QUALITY STANDARD AT PRIVATE MADRASAH ALIYAH
Authors: Jundatul Afidah  , Saadatud Darain  , Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah
Published: July 2023

Quality issues always have implications for the selling value of an educational institution. This research aims to analyze the quality development strategy in The Private Madrasah Aliyah Manba'ul Hikam Sidoarjo educational institutions. The approach used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of results from observations, interviews, filling out questionnaires, and documentations. Data sources in this study came from school residents such as the headmaster, vice principal, administrator, teachers, and students. The data validity technique uses data triangulation. The data analysis technique used in this research is interactive qualitative by Miles and Huberman, which consists of data reduction, data presentation, and research conclusion. The results obtained in the study explain that the steps for developing quality standards for The Private Madrasah Aliyah Manba'ul Hikam are in the form of (1) developing the governance of teaching and educational staff; (2) development of student governance; and (3) strategies for madrasa heads that are following the quality of the National Education Standards (SNP) which serve as the basis for planning, implementing and supervising education to create quality of education. Independent development of madrasa's quality standards can increase a madrasa's selling value.
STRENGTHENING STUDENTS' CHARACTER THROUGH INTERNALIZATION OF THE NATIONALISM VALUES IN CURRICULUM MANAGEMENT
Authors: Maspupah Ulpah
Published: July 2023

Bustan Tsamrotul Qolbis Salim (BTQ) Syiddiqiyyah is a children's educational institution that includes the concept of Nationalism in its education curriculum so that children from an early age have a love for the nation and culture of their country, namely Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the process of internalizing the values of the character of Nationalism in the BTQ Shiddiqiyyah Curriculum Management Practice, Ploso Branch, Jombang, East Java. The research method uses qualitative research with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques consist of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The study results: The description of the process of internalizing the character values of loving the Motherland in the BTQ Shiddiqiyyah Curriculum Management Practice, Ploso Jombang Branch, East Java, is carried out through planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating. Method of Internalizing Nationalism with "Neuro-Linguistic Programming" (NLP). Internalizing the character values of loving the Motherland is carried out at the planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating stages. Internalizing Nationalism in the curriculum can be a way of forming a generation of nations with Pancasila character.