bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of planting method on yield and yield attributing characters in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Alam MS , Haydar FMA , Hoque A
Published: January 2020

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of planting method on yield and yield attributing characters in chickpea. A randomized complete block design was adopted for the experiment with three replications. Four variety viz. BAU-1, BINA Chola-4, BINA Chola-5 and BINA Chola-9 and two planting method i.e. line sowing and ridge sowing were used in the experiment. The highest seed yield (1.81 ton/ha) was obtained from BINA Chola-4 and the lowest one (1.31 ton/ha) was found in BARI Chola-9. The seed yield was higher in ridge sowing (1.57ton/ha) and the lower (1.53 ton/ha) in line sowing. The highest seed yield (1.83 ton/ha) was obtained from BINA Chola-4 with ridge sowing and the lowest (1.30 ton/ha) was obtained from BARI Chola-9 in line sowing. It is concluded that ridge sowing is better than line sowing for the yield of chickpea.

J. bio-sci. 28: 105-110, 2020
Genetic diversity analysis based on morphological characters in mulberry (Morus spp.)
Authors: Rahman MS , Islam SMS
Published: January 2020

Mulberry genetic resource is increasingly being recognized as one of the basic key component for sustainable silk production under changing climatic condition. In this investigation, analysis of multivariate was done to assess the diversity in 20 mulberry genotypes (includes indigenous and exotic) for leaf yield and its growth attributes. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed the presence of significant variation among genotypes for the parameters measured. Wide range and variance among the genotypes indicated the presence of variability for the traits on which selection can be practiced. For cluster analysis classified 20 genotypes into four divergent groups and greater genetic distance was detected among the members of cluster I and II and cluster II and III. The members of these divergent clusters may be combined in future breeding programmes to obtain genotypes with combined leaf yield and more branches per plant. The results showed that the germplasm having a wide genetic diversity thus the genotypes viz., BSRM64, BSRM66, BSRM63, BSRM65, BSRM45 and BSRM56 can serve as a promising donors for improving the leaf productivity of mulberry.

J. bio-sci. 28: 111-119, 2020
Knowledge about Breast Cancer among the Nursing Students at a Teaching Institute in Dhaka City
Authors: Fouzia Negar , Lovely Umma Taj , Akter Shimul , Yusuf Md Abdullah , Eva Eliza Omar
Published: January 2020

Background: Breast cancer is a life threatening illness. Therefore the knowledge and awareness among the nursing students is a crucial issue.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the level of knowledge on breast cancer among graduate nursing students.

Methodology: This study was designed as descriptive type of cross sectional type study. This study was carried out in the Department of Public Health at North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. This study was conducted from April 2017 to September 2017 for a period of six (06) months. All girls nursing student at any age who were studied in the Pallabi Nursing Institute, Mirpur, Dhaka were selected as study population. The students were voluntarily included in the study with their consent and they were neither supported nor additionally burdened financially. A structured Likert scale questionnaire was provided for collection necessary data and was incorporated items from both dependent and independent variables. Questionnaire was designed both in English for the respondents.

Result: A total number of 300 nursing students were recruited for this study. Poor knowledge was found in majority of the study population which was 285(95.0%) respondents and the rest 15(5.0%) had good knowledge.

Conclusion: In conclusion the nursing students have poor knowledge and awareness about the prevention of breast cancer

Journal of Science Foundation 2019;17(1):34-39
Gambaran Pengetahuan Keluarga tentang Perawatan Pasien Stroke
Authors: Fatmawati Ariani
Published: January 2020

Perawatan pasien stroke dimulai sejak dalam perawatan di rumah sakit hingga setelah selesai dirawat. Pengetahuan keluarga dalam merawat pasien stroke di rumah perlu ditingkatkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan keluarga tentang perawatan pasien stroke di ruang rawat inap  RSAI Bandung. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif kuantitatif, yang melibatkan 60 orang keluarga pasien yang berusia lebih dari 18 tahun, tinggal serumah dengan pasien dan terlibat dalam perawatan pasien. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Al Islam Bandung pada tanggal 1-24 Januari 2019. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah modifikasi assessment caregiver knowledge dan Indeks Barthel. Analisis yang digunakan distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan keluarga pada pasien stroke kategori cukup sebanyak 31,5% dan kurang sebanyak 68,5%. Peneliti menyarankan optimalisasi terhadap program discharge planning yang sudah ada dengan melakukan kajian-kajian kebutuhan pasien dan keluarga serta proses edukasi secara lebih intensif tidak hanya pada pasien akan tetapi pada keluarganya.
Uluslararasılaşan Kurban Dernekleri ve Bellek Hareketi: İspanya’da Sivil Toplumun Dönüşümü
Authors: SÜTÇÜOĞLU Bilgen , İLTER AKARÇAY Ebru
Published: January 2020

Günümüzde, çatışma ve otoriter dönemleri izleyen yıllarda geçmişle yüzleşme politikalarının yaygınlaştığı görülmektedir. Genellikle geçiş dönemi adaleti literatüründe göz ardı edilen bir boyut olmasına rağmen, kurbanların bu süreçlerdeki merkezi rolü giderek daha fazla mercek altına alınmaya başlandı. Kurban odaklı bir yaklaşımın gerekliliğini gözler önüne seren başlıca örneklerden biri, İspanya’nın tecrübesinde saklıdır. İspanya’da, uzlaşma uğruna, iç savaş ve diktatörlük dönemlerini unutma siyasetinin ardından kurban dernekleri tabandan gelen bir geçmişle yüzleşme talebini ülke gündemi hatta uluslararası platformlara taşımaktalar. Bu makalede, mekân, tema, dönem ve ideoloji temelli farklılık ve ihtilaflarına rağmen, derneklerin çoğulcu bir ortam inşa ettikleri savunulmaktadır. Sivil toplumun çehresini dönüştürür ve sosyal sermaye unsuru rolünü üstlenirler. Bu çalışma, bellek alanındaki kamu kurum ve politikaları yerine, toplumsal olana odaklanır. Sosyal uzlaşma arayışı, kuşak değişiminin yarattığı etki, kurban tanımının giderek kapsayıcı hal alması, belleğin özelleştirilmesi, kurbanlar arası eşitsizlikler gibi olgular ülkedeki dönüşümün en temel taşıyıcıları olarak irdelenmektedirler. İspanya’da cezasızlık kültürünün devam ettiği inancına rağmen, toplumsal dönüşümün öncülerinden siyasallaşan ve uluslararasılaşan kurban derneklerinin belleği yeniden şekillendirmelerine tanıklık edilmektedir.
Learning Model on Islamic Religious Education in Improving Student Motivation Andachievement
Authors: Lili Sampara , Cahyani Fatima Ana
Published: January 2020

This study aims to assess the shape and Effectiveness of Active Learning model implementation in the field of Islamic religious education studies in improving student achievement motivation and Islamic Elementary School fifth grade Athirah Makassar.This study is a class action (Classroom Action Research) with the kind of collaborative. This research phase follows the model developed by Kemmis and Taggart, namely in the form of a spiral cycleincludes planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Technique-­data collection techniques used are: (1) observation; (2) interview; (3) documentation, and (4) achievement test. Based on the research that has been conducted argued that the application of active learning can increase learning motivation and achievement of students in class V (Al-Mu'min) Islamic Primary School Athirah Makassar on fieldIslamic religious education studies. From the data in the field shows that there is increased motivation of learners whothe original value of the average pre-cycle increased to 69.13 or 63.56 increased by about 5.57% in the first cycle, the second cycle increased to 80.41 or about 16.84%. And in Cycle III are improved Becoming 91.55% or approximately 27.96%. With the increased motivation of learners, then their learning achievement also increased, which had an average value of 63.56 pre-cycle increased to 69.13 or about 5.75% in the first cycle, the second cycle increased to 81, an increase of approximately 17.44%, and in cycle III are improved Becoming 84.63% or approximately 21.7% of the pre-cycle to the third cycle. Active Learners research Based on the results it was concluded that very effective in increasing motivation and learning achievement of students in the field of Islamic religious education studies.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN PENGENDALIAN VEKTOR DEMAM BERDARAH TERHADAP MAYA INDEX PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI MAJALENGKA
Authors: Kurniawan Wawan
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK  Latar belakang: Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) disebabkan oleh virus Dengue dapat menyebabkan kematian. Pencegahan DBD yang dianggap paling tepat adalah Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan pengendalian vektor Demam Berdarah pada siswa sekolah dasar terhadap Maya Index di Majalengka. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi experiment (pretest-posttest control group design). Sebanyak 4 sekolah terpilih sebagai kelompok intervensi dan 4 sekolah lainnya sebagai kontrol. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV-VI yang terdiri dari 171 siswa pada kelompok intervensi dan 163 pada kelompok kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah formulir pemantauan jentik berkala. Hasil: Jumlah rumah dengan kategori Maya Index tinggi berkurang dari 27,5% menjadi 9,4%. Terjadi penurunan angka BRI kategori tinggi pada kelompok intervensi dari 20,5% menjadi 1,8%. Pada kelompok kontrol tidak terjadi penurunan angka BRI kategori tinggi (22,1%), sebaliknya terjadi penurunan kategori rendah dari 34,4% menjadi 3,7%. Tidak terjadi penurunan angka HRI pada kelompok intervensi maupun kontrol. Kesimpulan: Pelatihan pengendalian vektor Demam Berdarah dapat menurunkan nilai BRI dan Maya Index, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai HRI. Tidak adanya perubahan nilai HRI menunjukkan bahwa kebersihan dan sanitasi lingkungan merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap probabilitas kejadian demam berdarah. Kata Kunci : Demam Berdarah, Maya Index, pelatihan, pengendalian vektor   ABSTRACT Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) caused by Dengue virus could cause death. The most appropriate prevention of Dengue is eradication of mosquito nests (PSN). This study aims to determine the effect of Dengue vector control training on elementary students towards Maya Index in Majalengka. Method: This study used quasi-experimental design (pretest-posttest control group design). A total of 4 schools were selected as intervention groups and 4 other schools as controls. The subjects were students in grades IV-VI consisting of 171 students in the intervention group and 163 in the control group. The instrument used was periodic larva monitoring form. Results: The number of houses with a high Maya Index category in the intervention group decreased from 27.5% to 9.4%. There was a decrease in the high BRI category in the intervention group from 20.5% to 1.8%. In the control group, there was no decrease in the high BRI category (22.1%), on the contrary, there was a decrease in the low category from 34.4% to 3.7%. There was no decrease in HRI rates both of intervention or control groups. Conclusion: Dengue Fever vector control training could decrease the value of BRI and Maya Index, but does not affect the value of HRI. The absence of changes in HRI  indicate that environmental hygiene and sanitation are factors that influence the probability of dengue fever occurrence. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Maya Index, training, vector control
Primary Leiomyosarcoma of the Penis: A Review and Update of the Literature
Authors: Kodzo-Grey Venyo Anthony
Published: January 2020

Less than 50 cases of Primary Leiomyosarcomas of the Penis (PLOP) have been reported despite this PLOPs are the second most common sarcomas of the penis. The usual site for the development of PLOP is the shaft or base of the penis but the malignancy can affect any site of the penis. PLOPs are likely to be superficially located above the tunica albuginea in comparison with deep seated PLOPs. Superficial PLOPs may be asymptomatic or they may present as lumps, ulcers or nodules on the penis. Deep PLOPs may manifest with dysuria and difficulty with micturition when they compress the urethra. Diagnosis of PLOP is based upon the pathology examination features of specimens of the penile lesion that show interlacing fascicles of spindled-cells that have abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, focal juxta-nuclear vacuoles and blunt ended nuclei and moderate to severe nuclear atypia, rarely atypical multi-nucleated giant cells and focal necrosis tend to be seen. There may be evidence of many mitoses. Immunohistochemistry studies of PLOP tend to show tumor cells that exhibit positive staining for desmin, muscle specific-actin, and alpha smooth muscle actin. Most often superficial PLOPs tend to be treated by wide complete excision of the tumor with tumor free and clear surgical resection margins. Deep seated PLOPs have also been treated by complete excision in various forms depending upon the site and size of the tumor and some of these have included Wide excision, partial penectomy and total penectomy alone and sometimes with adjuvant chemotherapy/radiotherapy. Some cases of deep PLOPs tend to be associated with the development of recurrences and metastases as well as death of the patient and hence deep PLOPs are aggressive tumors. Some people are of the opinion that chemotherapy and radiotherapy are not effective for the adjuvant treatment of PLOP. For this reason it would appear that there is need for the development of new chemotherapy medicaments that would effectively destroy PLOP tumor cells. There is need to undertake a global multi-center treatment trial of immunotherapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy in order to streamline the treatment of PLOPs especially deep PLOPs.
Turismo ornitológico en los humedales de Lima 2019
Authors: Vivanco Calderon Eduardo Pablo
Published: January 2020

La presente investigación se realizó en los humedales de Pantanos de Villa y humedales de Ventanilla, tiene como objetivo diseñar un plan para promocionar el desarrollo del turismo ornitológico en los humedales de Lima. Para ello se utilizó una metodología con sintagma holístico y enfoque mixto utilizando instrumentos cuantitativos y cualitativos, es de tipo proyectivo y de nivel comprensivo, cuya finalidad es conocer el desarrollo del turismo ornitológico en los dos humedales. La muestra estuvo constituida por sesenta visitantes y tres trabajadores. Según los resultados, se destaca la falta de inversión en infraestructura en los humedales, también carecen de tecnología para realizar este tipo de turismo, falta implementar programas de educación ambiental dirigido a pobladores, escolares y visitantes para fomentar la conservación de los humedales, también se observa la falta de información y promoción del turismo ornitológico ya que es un turismo poco conocido pero que ayudará en la sostenibilidad de los humedales. Como alternativa de solución se planteó promocionar el turismo ornitológico en los colegios de Lima mediante charlas y realizando la actividad ornitológica en los humedales. Se diseñó la  mejora de infraestructura en los humedales y una estrategia para promocionar la actividad mediante las redes sociales.
Propuesta de servicio de guardería para peluquería y Spa
Authors: Chedraui Lorraine
Published: January 2020

El principal objetivo de esta investigación es proponer un servicio de guardería en los Spa & Peluquería del norte de Guayaquil – Ecuador, ya que se pudo observar que las Peluquerías & Spa últimamente han tenido un descenso de afluencia de clientes, por la competencia que cada vez es más fuerte y porque las personas cada vez tienen menos tiempo para poder asistir a estos lugares. Se realizó un estudio para conocer la aceptación de una guardería dentro de una peluquería o Spa, a través de una investigación descriptiva, entre los resultados obtenidos fue que surgió la demanda de trabajos de belleza a domicilio porque las madres carecían de tiempo para asistir a los Spa, por lo que la propuesta de las estrategias de marketing para implementar una guardería, va a ayudar a las madres de familia a asistir acompañadas de sus hijos o hijas, lo que asegurará la permanencia en el lugar.
Nitrogen Management Strategies of Tillage and No-Tillage Wheat Following Rice in the Yangtze River Basin, China: Grain Yield, Grain Protein, Nitrogen Efficiency, and Economics
Authors: Ding Jinfeng , Li Fujian , Le Tao , Wu Peng , Zhu Min , Li Chunyan , Zhu Xinkai , Guo Wenshan
Published: January 2020

In the rice-wheat rotation system, conventional culturing of high yield rice results in poor soil conditions and excessive residues, which negatively affect wheat growth. Tillage and nitrogen (N) use are being sought to address this problem. In order to propose a suitable tillage method and corresponding N management strategy, the influence of three tillage methods (i.e., plow tillage followed by rotary tillage (PR), rotary tillage twice (RR), and no-tillage (NT)) and nine forms of N management strategies (i.e., three total N rates × three N-splitting schemes) were investigated in a field experiment from 2016 to 2017 (2017) and 2017 to 2018 (2018), using grain yield, grain protein content (GPC), N uptake efficiency (NUpE), and net returns as evaluation indexes. Grain yield, GPC, and net returns were lower in 2017 than 2018, likely as a result of weak seedling growth caused by high soil moisture before and after seeding. In 2017, NT achieved higher grain yield, NUpE, and net returns compared to PR or RR, while grain yield and net returns were higher under tillage in 2018, especially PR. Increased total N rates (210–270 kg ha−1) promoted all evaluation indexes, but suitable timing and corresponding rates of N application are dependent on the environment. These results indicate that the combination of NT and applying N at lower rates and only a few times (i.e., 168 and 72 kg ha−1 applied at pre-sowing and when flag leaves are visible) when the soil is not suitable for tillage is the best method for cutting costs and improving benefits. Under suitable conditions for tillage, PR and intensive management strategies (i.e., 135, 27, 54, and 54 kg ha−1 applied at pre-sowing, four-leaf, jointing, and booting, respectively) could be adopted to increase overall yield, quality, and benefits.
Effects of Mixed Hardwood and Sugarcane Biochar as Bark-Based Substrate Substitutes on Container Plants Production and Nutrient Leaching
Authors: Yu Ping , Huang Lan , Li Qiansheng , Lima Isabel M. , White Paul M. , Gu Mengmeng
Published: January 2020

Biochar (BC) has the potential to replace bark-based commercial substrates in the production of container plants. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of mixed hardwood biochar (HB) and sugarcane bagasse biochar (SBB) to replace the bark-based commercial substrate. A bark-based commercial substrate was incorporated with either HB at 50% (vol.) or SBB at 50% and 70% (vol.), with a bark-based commercial substrate being used as the control. The total porosity (TP) and container capacity (CC) of all SBB-incorporated mixes were slightly higher than the recommended value, while, the others were within the recommended range. Both tomato and basil plants grown in the BC-incorporated mixes had a similar or higher growth index (GI), leaf greenness (indicated by soil-plant analyses development), and yield than the control. The leachate of all mixes had the highest NO3–N concentration in the first week after transplantation (1 WAT). All BC-incorporated mixes grown with both tomato and basil had similar NO3–N concentration to the control (except 50% SBB at 1 and 5 WAT, and 50% HB at 5 WAT with tomato plants; 50% SBB at 5 WAT with basil plants). In conclusion, HB could replace bark-based substrates at 50% and SBB at 70% for both tomato and basil plant growth, without negative effects.
Compared Phenolic Compound Contents of 22 Commercial Fruit and Vegetable Juices: Relationship to Ex-Vivo Vascular Reactivity and Potential In Vivo Projection
Authors: Matute Alexis , Tabart Jessica , Cheramy-Bien Jean-Paul , Pirotte Bernard , Kevers Claire , Auger Cyril , Schini-Kerth Valérie , Dommes Jacques , Defraigne Jean-Olivier , Pincemail Joël
Published: January 2020

The real impact of polyphenol-rich vegetable and fruit juice intake on cardiovascular health remains a matter of controversy. In the present study, rat aorta segments immersed in an organ bath (OB) were used to explore whether the total polyphenol content and/or individual phenolic compound contents of 22 commercial vegetable (n = 3) and fruit juices [(citrus (n = 5), berries (n = 10), apple (n = 2), pineapple (n = 2)] might be associated with vascular tone. Red juices (particularly blackcurrant) and lemon juice caused the most marked vasorelaxation, its amplitude being endothelium dependent or not according to the volume ratio of juice to initial OB solution Vjuice/VOBS). At volume ratios 5% and 10%, both the juice and OB total polyphenol for all juices and total anthocyanin contents for berry juices significantly correlated with aorta vasorelaxation intensity. This was not the case for total or individual flavonols (except kaempferol) or for total or individual flavanols (except epigallocatechin gallate). If one relates our measured concentrations of individual phenolic compounds in OB to what is known about their physiological concentrations, and given our evidenced correlations between compound concentrations and vasorelaxation intensity, kaempferol, epigallocatechin gallate and peonidin-3-O-glucoside seem to emerge as the interesting phenolic compounds likely to be responsible for the potent vasorelaxation observed with fruit juices, and more particularly blackcurrant ones. Clinical investigation is required, however, to confirm our observations.
Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Coffee Plant Organs Compared to Green and Roasted Coffee Beans
Authors: Acidri Robert , Sawai Yumiko , Sugimoto Yuko , Handa Takuo , Sasagawa Daisuke , Masunaga Tsugiyaki , Yamamoto Sadahiro , Nishihara Eiji
Published: January 2020

The current study investigates the phytochemical composition of coffee plant organs and their corresponding antioxidant capacities compared to green and roasted coffee beans. HPLC analysis indicated that the investigated compounds were present in all organs except mangiferin, which was absent in roots, stems and seeds, and caffeine, which was absent in stems and roots. Total phytochemicals were highest in the green beans (GB) at 9.70 mg g−1 dry weight (DW), while roasting caused a 66% decline in the roasted beans (RB). This decline resulted more from 5–CQA and sucrose decomposition by 68% and 97%, respectively, while caffeine and trigonelline were not significantly thermally affected. Roasting increased the total phenolic content (TPC) by 20.8% which was associated with an increase of 68.8%, 47.5% and 13.4% in the antioxidant capacity (TEAC) determined by 2,2–diphenyl–1–picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,2–azino bis (3–ethyl benzothiazoline–6–sulphonic acid) radical (ABTS) and Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, respectively. Amongst the leaves, the youngest (L1) contained the highest content at 8.23 mg g−1 DW, which gradually reduced with leaf age to 5.57 mg g−1 DW in the oldest (L6). Leaves also contained the highest TPC (over 60 mg g−1 GAE) and exhibited high TEAC, the latter being highest in L1 at 328.0, 345.7 and 1097.4, and least in L6 at 304.6, 294.5 and 755.1 µmol Trolox g−1 sample for the respective assays. Phytochemical accumulation, TPC and TEAC were least in woody stem (WS) at 1.42 mg g−1 DW; 8.7 mg g−1 GAE; 21.9, 24.9 and 110.0 µmol Trolox g−1 sample; while herbaceous stem (HS) contained up to 4.37 mg g−1 DW; 27.8 mg g−1 GAE; 110.9, 124.8 and 469.7 µmol Trolox g−1 sample, respectively. Roots contained up to 1.85 mg g−1 DW, 15.8 mg−1 GAE and TEAC of 36.8, 41.5 and 156.7 µmol Trolox g−1 sample. Amongst the organs, therefore, coffee leaves possessed higher values than roasted beans on the basis of phytochemicals, TPC and TEAC. Leaves also contain carotenoids and chlorophylls pigments with potent health benefits. With appropriate processing methods, a beverage prepared from leaves (coffee leaf tea) could be a rich source of phytochemicals and antioxidants with therapeutic and pharmacological values for human health.
Photoacoustic Imaging for Management of Breast Cancer: A Literature Review and Future Perspectives
Authors: Rao A. Prabhakara , Bokde Neeraj , Sinha Saugata
Published: January 2020

In this review article, a detailed chronological account of the research related to photoacoustic imaging for the management of breast cancer is presented. Performing a detailed analysis of the breast cancer detection related photoacoustic imaging studies undertaken by different research groups, this review attempts to present the clinical evidence in support of using photoacoustic imaging for breast cancer detection. Based on the experimental evidence obtained from the clinical studies conducted so far, the performance of photoacoustic imaging is compared with that of conventional breast imaging modalities. While we find that there is enough experimental evidence to support the use of photoacoustic imaging for breast cancer detection, additional clinical studies are required to be performed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of photoacoustic imaging for identifying different types of breast cancer. To establish the utility of photoacoustic imaging for breast cancer screening, clinical studies with high-risk asymptomatic patients need to be done.
Experimental Investigation and Optimal 3D Bioprinting Parameters of SA-Gel Porous Cartilage Scaffold
Authors: Gong Youping , Wang Fei , Al-Furjan M. S. H. , Shan Lijun , He Jingyang , Bian Xiangjuan , Bi Zhikai , Liu Haiqiang , Li Wenxin , Shao Huifeng , Chen Guojin , Sulong Abu Bakar
Published: January 2020

The main aim of this paper is to achieve the suitable SA-GEL (sodium alginate and gelatin) porous cartilage scaffold by 3D printing technology with optimal prediction parameters. Firstly, the characteristics of SA-GEL were analyzed, the influence of calcium chloride on the gel was explored, and the optimal cross-linking concentration and gelation temperature were determined. Secondly, a prediction model of the extrusion line width of SA-GEL was established, in which the printing pressure, the moving speed of the needle and the fiber interval were the important parameters affecting the printing performance of the SA-GEL composite material. Thirdly, the SA-GEL composite scaffolds were printed on the Bio-plotter platform, the C5.18 chondrocytes cells were cultured in the SA-GEL biomaterial scaffold, and the results show that the cells could survive well. These results show that, under the control of the printing parameters pressure 1.8 bar, moving speed 10.7 mm/s and the internal structure parameters of the scaffold is 0/45-1.2 (Printing interval: 1.2 mm, angle value: 45 degree), SA-GEL scaffold printing results can be obtained which have good mechanical properties and biocompatibility.
Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Wavelet Packet Transform and Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Li Guoqiang , Deng Chao , Wu Jun , Chen Zuoyi , Xu Xuebing
Published: January 2020

Timely sensing the abnormal condition of the bearings plays a crucial role in ensuring the normal and safe operation of the rotating machine. Most traditional bearing fault diagnosis methods are developed from machine learning, which might rely on the manual design features and prior knowledge of the faults. In this paper, based on the advantages of CNN model, a two-step fault diagnosis method developed from wavelet packet transform (WPT) and convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed for fault diagnosis of bearings without any manual work. In the first step, the WPT is designed to obtain the wavelet packet coefficients from raw signals, which then are converted into the gray scale images by a designed data-to-image conversion method. In the second step, a CNN model is built to automatically extract the representative features from gray images and implement the fault classification. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by a real rolling-bearing dataset. From the experimental study, it can be seen the proposed method presents a more superior fault diagnosis capability than other machine-learning-based methods.
Cutting Path Planning Technology of Shearer Based on Virtual Reality
Authors: Li Juanli , Liu Yang , Xie Jiacheng , Wang Xuewen , Ge Xing
Published: January 2020

With regards to the low degree of digitization, lack of real geological terrain, and low degree of automation in the cutting process of the traditional virtual fully mechanized mining face, we studied the key technologies of virtual operation and cutting path planning of the shearer on the three-dimensional (3D) roof and floor based on the virtual reality engine (Unity3D). Firstly, the virtual 3D coal seam was constructed through the 3D geological coordinate data of the mine. On this basis, the shape function of the scraper conveyor with the adaptive configuration on the floor was constructed to obtain the combined operation of the virtual shearer and the scraper conveyor. The movement of the shearer’s walking and height-adjustment was then, analyzed. A strategy for automatic height-adjustment based on the adjustment of the direction of the drum movement is hence, proposed to control the cutting path of the shearer. Finally, different experimental schemes were simulated in the developed prototype system after which each of the schemes was evaluated using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results show that the proposed strategy for trajectory control can improve the accuracy and stability of the shearer’s motion trajectory. In Unity3D, the pre-selected schemes and digital and visual planning of coal production are previewed ahead of time, the whole production process can be mapped synchronously in the production process. It is also obtained that the virtual preview and evaluation of the production process can provide some guidance for actual production.
Gait Recognition via Deep Learning of the Center-of-Pressure Trajectory
Authors: Terrier Philippe
Published: January 2020

The fact that every human has a distinctive walking style has prompted a proposal to use gait recognition as an identification criterion. Using end-to-end learning, I investigated whether the center-of-pressure (COP) trajectory is sufficiently unique to identify a person with high certainty. Thirty-six adults walked for 30 min on a treadmill equipped with a force platform that continuously recorded the positions of the COP. The raw two-dimensional signals were sliced into segments of two gait cycles. A set of 20,250 segments from 30 subjects was used to configure and train convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The best CNN classified a separate set containing 2250 segments with an overall accuracy of 99.9%. A second set of 4500 segments from the six remaining subjects was then used for transfer learning. Several small subsamples of this set were selected randomly and used to fine tune the pretrained CNNs. Training with two segments per subject was sufficient to achieve 100% accuracy. The results suggest that every person produces a unique trajectory of underfoot pressures while walking and that CNNs can learn the distinctive features of these trajectories. By applying a pretrained CNN (transfer learning), a couple of strides seem enough to learn and identify new gaits. However, these promising results should be confirmed in a larger sample under realistic conditions.
Effect of Landing Posture on Jump Height Calculated from Flight Time
Authors: Yamashita Daichi , Murata Munenori , Inaba Yuki
Published: January 2020

Flight time is widely used to calculate jump height because of its simple and inexpensive application. However, this method is known to give different results than the calculation from vertical velocity at takeoff. The purpose of this study is to quantify the effect of postural changes between takeoff and landing on the jump height from flight time. Twenty-seven participants performed three vertical jumps with arm swing. Three-dimensional coordinates of anatomical landmarks and the ground reaction force were analyzed. Two methods of calculating jump height were used: (1) the vertical velocity of the whole-body center of mass (COMwb) at takeoff and (2) flight time. The jump height from flight time was overestimated by 0.025 m compared to the jump height from the takeoff velocity (p < 0.05) due to the lower COMwb height at landing by −0.053 m (p < 0.05). The postural changes in foot, shank, and arm segments mainly contributed to decreasing the COMwb height (−0.025, −0.014, and −0.017 m, respectively). The flight time method is reliable and had low intra-participant variability, but it cannot be recommended for a vertical jump when comparing with others (such as at tryouts) because of the potential “cheating” effect of differences in landing posture.
Artificial Neural Network for Vertical Displacement Prediction of a Bridge from Strains (Part 2): Optimization of Strain-Measurement Points by a Genetic Algorithm under Dynamic Loading
Authors: Moon Hyun Su , Chun Pang-Jo , Kim Moon Kyum , Lim Yun Mook
Published: January 2020

Bridge displacements are one of the most important physical values in evaluating the health of bridges. However, the direct measurement of bridge displacements is not easy due to various factors, such as installation location and cost. For that reason, in a previous study (part 1), a method for predicting bridge displacements from strains was proposed using an artificial neural network (ANN), which has a strong ability in data mapping. In this paper, to predict the overall displacements from a small number of strains more efficiently, a method to optimize the number and locations of strain-measurement points was proposed using the genetic algorithm (GA), which is widely used for global optimization. To verify the proposed methods, two cases, a simple beam under sinusoidal loads and a girder bridge under vehicle loads, are carried out through numerical analysis. Also, a laboratory experiment is carried out with a vibrating cantilever beam. The results indicate that the predicted displacements from at least two strains at the optimized locations show good agreements with displacements by numerical analysis and measurements. The results suggest that the proposed method (optimization of strain-measurement points) is very efficient and can be applied in the actual field.
An Ontology-Based Framework for Publishing and Exploiting Linked Open Data: A Use Case on Water Resources Management
Authors: Escobar Pilar , Roldán-García María del Mar , Peral Jesús , Candela Gustavo , García-Nieto José
Published: January 2020

Nowadays, the increasing demand of water for electricity production, agricultural and industrial uses are directly affecting the reduction of available quality water for human consumption in the world. Efficient and sustainable maintenance of water reservoirs and supply networks implies a holistic strategy that takes into account, as much as possible, information from the stages of water usage. Next,-generation decision-making software tools, for supporting water management, require the integration of multiple and heterogeneous data sources of different knowledge domains. In this regard, Linked Data and Semantic Web technologies enable harmonization of different data sources, as well as the efficient querying for feeding upper-level Business Intelligence processes. This work investigates the design, implementation and usage of a semantic approach driven by ontology to capture, store, integrate and exploit real-world data concerning water supply networks management. As a main contribution, the proposal helps with obtaining semantically enriched linked data, enhancing the analysis of water network performance. For validation purposes, in the use case, a series of data sources from different measures have been considered, in the scope of an actual water management system of the Mediterranean region of Valencia (Spain), throughout several years of activity. The obtained experience shows the benefits of using the proposed approach to identify possible correlations between the measures such as the supplied water, the water leaks or the population.
First-Principles Forecast of Gapless Half-Metallic and Spin-Gapless Semiconducting Materials: Case Study of Inverse Ti2CoSi-Based Compounds
Authors: Zhang Liang , Dong Shengjie , Du Jiangtao , Lu Yi-Lin , Zhao Hui , Feng Liefeng
Published: January 2020

First-principles calculations were used to investigate several inverse Ti2CoSi-based compounds. Our results indicate that Ti2CoSi could transform from a spin-gapless semiconductor to a half metal if a quarter of the Co atoms are replaced by Ti. Ti2.25Co0.75Si would keep stable half-metallic properties in a large range of lattice parameter under the effect of hydrostatic strain, and would become a gapless half metal under the effect of tetragonal distortion. Furthermore, we substituted B, Al, Ga, P, As, and Sb for Si in the Ti2.25Co0.75Si compound. Our results demonstrate that Ti2.25Co0.75Si0.5B0.5, Ti2.25Co0.75Si0.5Al0.5, and Ti2.25Co0.75Si0.5Ga0.5 are half-metallic ferromagnetic materials, and Ti2.25Co0.75Si0.5P0.5, Ti2.25Co0.75Si0.5As0.5, and Ti2.25Co0.75Si0.5Sb0.5 are spin-gapless semiconducting materials. The introduced impurity atoms may adjust the valence electron configuration, change the charge concentration, and shift the location of the Fermi level.
Study on the Horizontal Axis Deviation of a Small Radius TBM Tunnel Based on Winkler Foundation Model
Authors: Qiao Shifan , Xu Ping , Liu Ritong , Wang Gang
Published: January 2020

During the construction stage of the small radius TBM (tunnel boring machine) interval, the improper control of the boring parameters and the boring posture can cause the horizontal axis deviation of the shield tunnel. In order to address this issue, the TBM segments lining structure of the small radius interval is simplified as the continuous circular curved beam based on the longitudinal equivalent continuous model and Winkler elastic foundation beam theory. The theoretical model is solved through the transfer matrix method, and its applicability is verified by comparing it with the field monitoring data. It is found that the horizontal axis deviation of the completed tunnel increases with the total jack thrust, and the lateral displacement tends to be stable when the distance between the ring and the tail is far. The horizontal axis deviation has a negative relationship with the thrust difference or path difference when the jack thrust in the outside of the shield curve is larger than that of inside the shield curve. The horizontal axis deviation has a positive relationship with the thrust difference or path difference when the jack thrust in the outside of the shield curve is smaller than that of inside the shield curve.
Overall Performance Evaluation of Small Scale LNG Production Processes
Authors: Ancona Maria Alessandra , Bianchi Michele , Branchini Lisa , Catena Francesco , De Pascale Andrea , Melino Francesco , Ottaviano Saverio , Peretto Antonio
Published: January 2020

The liquefied natural gas (LNG) is considered a viable solution to replace oil-based engines (common in heavy-duty truck and naval industry) reducing the environmental impact in the transport sector. Since liquefaction plants represent energy intensive processes, the best configurations/operation assessment is of primary importance. In this paper, a novel general procedure for the thermodynamic design and optimization, engineering design and off-design evaluation for small-scale LNG production systems is presented. The procedure can be used for the complete design and performance evaluation of plug & play facilities at filling stations for vehicles/boats, with the contemporary benefits of reducing pollutant emission in the city/port area and operating as electrical storage, coupled with renewable generators. Furthermore, the procedure has been applied to a case study (ferry boat operating at the main canal in the port of Ravenna, Italy), evaluating the optimal size for the integrated wind plant by minimizing the electricity introduction into the grid. The obtained results show 78 kW as optimal wind size, allowing the LNG plant to operate 187 h/year in design and 4720 h/year in off-design conditions, with electricity surplus around 33 MWh/year. A prototype will be installed to reduce pollutant emissions and test this technology as a storage option for renewable sources.
Return of Interest Planning for Photovoltaics Connected with Energy Storage System by Considering Maximum Power Demand
Authors: Kim Sung-Soo , Lee Wonbin , Bhang Byeong Gwan , Choi Jin Ho , Lee Sang Hun , Woo Sung Cheol , Nam Woo Jun , Ahn Hyung Keun
Published: January 2020

In this study, a general building of medium size with an Energy Storage Systems (ESS)-connected Photovoltaic (PV) system (energy storage system that is connected to a photovoltaic system) was chosen to develop a tool for a better economic evaluation of its installation and use. The newly obtained results, from the revised economic evaluation algorithm that was proposed in this study, showed the effective return of investment period (ROI) would be 8.62 to 12.77 years. The ratio of maximum power demand to contract demand and the falling cost of PVs and ESS was the factors that could affect the ROI. While using the cost scenario of PVs and ESS from 2019 to 2024, as estimated by the experts, the ROI was significantly improved. The ROI was estimated to be between 4.26 to 8.56 years by the year 2024 when the cost scenario was considered. However, this result is obtained by controlling the ratio of maximum power demand to contract demand. Continued favorable government policies concerning renewable energy would be crucial in expanding the supply and investment in renewable energy resources, until the required ROI is attained.
Analysis and Modeling of Timbre Perception Features in Musical Sounds
Authors: Jiang Wei , Liu Jingyu , Zhang Xiaoyi , Wang Shuang , Jiang Yujian
Published: January 2020

A novel technique is proposed for the analysis and modeling of timbre perception features, including a new terminology system for evaluating timbre in musical instruments. This database consists of 16 expert and novice evaluation terms, including five pairs with opposite polarity. In addition, a material library containing 72 samples (including 37 Chinese orchestral instruments, 11 Chinese minority instruments, and 24 Western orchestral instruments) and a 54-sample objective acoustic parameter set were developed as part of the study. The method of successive categories was applied to each term for subjective assessment. A mathematical model of timbre perception features (i.e., bright or dark, raspy or mellow, sharp or vigorous, coarse or pure, and hoarse or consonant) was then developed for the first time using linear regression, support vector regression, a neural network, and random forest algorithms. Experimental results showed the proposed model accurately predicted these attributes. Finally, an improved technique for 3D timbre space construction is proposed. Auditory perception attributes for this 3D timbre space were determined by analyzing the correlation between each spatial dimension and the 16 timbre evaluation terms.
Application of Contemporary Extraction Techniques for Elements and Minerals Recovery from Stinging Nettle Leaves
Authors: Popov Saša , Skeledžija Suzana , Šorgić Saša , Zeković Zoran , Micić Darko , Radulović Aleksandra , Đurović Saša
Published: January 2020

Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) is a perennial plant belonging to the Urticaceae family. Several studies have reported the presence of the different classes of chemical compounds, which expressed a beneficial effect on human health. Among them there are elements and minerals that are essential for the proper functioning of organism. Mineral occurrence requires analytical data about the content. For such purposes was developed and validated a method based on the optical emission spectroscopy coupled with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES). Minerals and elements were extracted using two conventional methods (Soxhlet and maceration) and two non-conventional (ultrasound- and microwave-assisted techniques). The extracts were analyzed resulting in high diversity in the composition. Non-conventional techniques showed better results, since those extracts possessed high content of the macroelements and iron as well, instead the toxic elements were found in trace amount
Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique for Optimizing Classification Tasks in Botnet and Intrusion-Detection-System Datasets
Authors: Gonzalez-Cuautle David , Hernandez-Suarez Aldo , Sanchez-Perez Gabriel , Toscano-Medina Linda Karina , Portillo-Portillo Jose , Olivares-Mercado Jesus , Perez-Meana Hector Manuel , Sandoval-Orozco Ana Lucila
Published: January 2020

Presently, security is a hot research topic due to the impact in daily information infrastructure. Machine-learning solutions have been improving classical detection practices, but detection tasks employ irregular amounts of data since the number of instances that represent one or several malicious samples can significantly vary. In highly unbalanced data, classification models regularly have high precision with respect to the majority class, while minority classes are considered noise due to the lack of information that they provide. Well-known datasets used for malware-based analyses like botnet attacks and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) mainly comprise logs, records, or network-traffic captures that do not provide an ideal source of evidence as a result of obtaining raw data. As an example, the numbers of abnormal and constant connections generated by either botnets or intruders within a network are considerably smaller than those from benign applications. In most cases, inadequate dataset design may lead to the downgrade of a learning algorithm, resulting in overfitting and poor classification rates. To address these problems, we propose a resampling method, the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) with a grid-search algorithm optimization procedure. This work demonstrates classification-result improvements for botnet and IDS datasets by merging synthetically generated balanced data and tuning different supervised-learning algorithms.
Image Completion with Hybrid Interpolation in Tensor Representation
Authors: Zdunek Rafał , Sadowski Tomasz
Published: January 2020

The issue of image completion has been developed considerably over the last two decades, and many computational strategies have been proposed to fill-in missing regions in an incomplete image. When the incomplete image contains many small-sized irregular missing areas, a good alternative seems to be the matrix or tensor decomposition algorithms that yield low-rank approximations. However, this approach uses heuristic rank adaptation techniques, especially for images with many details. To tackle the obstacles of low-rank completion methods, we propose to model the incomplete images with overlapping blocks of Tucker decomposition representations where the factor matrices are determined by a hybrid version of the Gaussian radial basis function and polynomial interpolation. The experiments, carried out for various image completion and resolution up-scaling problems, demonstrate that our approach considerably outperforms the baseline and state-of-the-art low-rank completion methods.