bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visible-light promoted photocatalyst-free aerobic α-oxidation of tertiary amines to amides
Authors: Xie Xinpeng , Guo Xuan , Qiao Kaikai , Shi Lei
Published: September 2022

A photocatalyst-free, visible-light-induced strategy for the α-oxygenation of tertiary amines by molecular oxygen (1 atm), enabled by electron–donor–acceptor (EDA) complexes, has been developed.
Synthesis and properties of oligodiaminogalactoses that bind to A-type oligonucleotide duplexes
Authors: Shiraishi Tomomi , Sato Kazuki , Hara Rintaro Iwata , Wada Takeshi
Published: September 2022

We improved the synthesis of oligodiaminogalactoses (ODAGals) that stabilize A-type oligonucleotide duplexes and revealed the properties of longer ODAGals.
Synthesis and properties of cyclic olefin polymers by ring-opening metathesis (co)polymerization of α-methyl-substituted norbornene lactones
Authors: Kiyohara Sae , Miyasako Narumi , Ota Yoshiya , Matsuoka Shin-ichi , Suzuki Masato
Published: September 2022

New cyclic olefin polymers derived from norbornene lactones are prepared, and their thermal, physical, and optical properties are revealed.
A conjugated diosma-octacyclic complex and its mixed-valence singly reduced state
Authors: Hu Yu Xuan , Deng Qianqian , Ou Ya-Ping , Yang Xiaofei , Zhang Jing , Garrett Emily K. , Zhu Jun , Liu Sheng Hua , Hartl František
Published: September 2022

A conjugated diosma-octacyclic complex, with aromatic osmapentalene termini and the rigid naphthalene bridge linked by non-aromatic osmafuran rings, forms a singly reduced valence-trapped species characterised at low temperature.
Organic photoredox catalytic radical sulfonamidation/cyclization of unactivated alkenes towards polycyclic quinazolinones
Authors: Pan Changduo , Chen Dongdong , Chen Yuefeng , Yu Jin-Tao , Zhu Chengjian
Published: September 2022

The synthesis of sulfonamidylated polycyclic quinazolinones was developed via visible-light-induced radical sulfonamidation/cyclization of unactivated alkenes using 4CzIPN as the photocatalyst.
Biophysical analysis of gelatin and PLGA nanoparticle interactions with complex biomimetic lung surfactant models
Authors: Daear W. , Sule K. , Lai P. , Prenner E. J.
Published: September 2022

Biodegradable nanoparticles drastically alters lateral organization of lung surfactant lipid- peptide model system.
A strategy to prepare internally-plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) by grafting castor oil onto the PVC chain with three different isocyanates as intermediate bridges
Authors: Deng Tianxiang , Li Shouhai , Yang Xiaohua , Xu Lina , Ding Haiyang , Li Mei
Published: September 2022

Three types of isocyanates were selected as intermediate bridges to graft castor oil onto PVC to realize the internal-plasticization in PVC. This method does not require pretreatment of castor oil.
One-pot synthesis and enzyme-responsiveness of amphiphilic doxorubicin prodrug nanomicelles for cancer therapeutics
Authors: Han Ling-Na , Wang Kai-Qiang , Ren Zi-Ning , Yang Xue , Duan Xiao , Krishnan Sasirekha , Jaisankar Abinaya , Park Jeong-Hui , Dashnyam Khandmaa , Zhang Wujie , Pedraz José Luis , Ramakrishna Seeram , Kim Hae-Won , Li Chang-Feng , Song Li-Hua , Ramalingam Murugan
Published: September 2022

A doxorubicin-based nanomedicine with a one-pot synthesis method and FDA-approved materials could solve the problems of a complicated preparation process and avoid the use of non-FDA-approved materials for clinical use and industrial production.
A study of the photochemical behaviour and relaxation mechanisms of anti–syn isomerisation around quinazolinone –N–N bonds
Authors: Hricovíni Michal , Asher James R. , Hricovíni Miloš
Published: September 2022

High-resolution NMR experiments revealed that differently substituted quinazolinone-based Schiff bases undergo anti to syn isomerisation on exposure to ultraviolet light in DMSO solution.
Controlled evaporation-induced phase separation of droplets containing nanogels and salt molecules
Authors: Hu Yuandu
Published: September 2022

An individual droplet containing nanogels and salts can evolve into gel-rich and salt-rich two separate parts upon evaporation.
Electrospun 1D-NiO hollow nanowires on glass support for the sunlight-driven photodegradation of methylene blue
Authors: Kolli Chandra Sekhar Reddy , Bogireddy Naveen Kumar Reddy , Martínez-Landeros Víctor Hugo , Ramírez-Bon Rafael
Published: September 2022

One-step fabrication of hollow NiO NWs photocatalyst on glass substrate by electrospun then tested for their capacity to break down MB in solutions exposed to sunlight.
A multi-functional zwitterionic hydrogel with unique micro-structure, high elasticity and low modulus
Authors: Wang Yueyang , Wang Qiao , Hu Xiaosai , He Dan , Zhao Juan , Sun Guoxing
Published: September 2022

In this article, the authors have developed an ultra-soft and tough dual-crosslinking zwitterionic hydrogel, which possesses a unique spike-like microstructure, low modulus, excellent stretchability and compressibility with self-healing properties.
Recovery and utilization of crude glycerol, a biodiesel byproduct
Authors: Liu Yujia , Zhong Biqi , Lawal Adeniyi
Published: September 2022

In this review, we summarize the latest technologies for the recovery and purification of crude glycerol and applications of crude glycerol, with focus on its chemical conversion.
Enhancement of emission and luminescent thermal stability of K2SiF6 : Mn4+ by synergy of co-doping with Na+ and coating with GQDs
Authors: Deng Daishu , Yu Yan , Wang Tianman , Lei Jun , Wang Lin , Li Yuelan , Liao Sen , Huang Yingheng
Published: September 2022

The thermal stability and luminescent intensity of the sample are obviously enhanced by co-doping of Na+ and coating of GQDs. Mechanism of the strong NTQ is attributed to conversion of thermal energy into light energy via phonon-induced transition.
Retraction: Down-regulated LncR-MALAT1 suppressed cell proliferation and migration by inactivating autophagy in bladder cancer
Authors: Qi Jiude , Chu Yanfeng , Zhang Guangyan , Li Hongjun , Yang Dongdong , Wang Qi
Published: September 2022

Retraction of ‘Down-regulated LncR-MALAT1 suppressed cell proliferation and migration by inactivating autophagy in bladder cancer’ by Jiude Qi et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 31019–31027, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA04876B.
Impact of anion polarizability on ion pairing in microhydrated salt clusters
Authors: Chakraborty Arghya , Brumme Thomas , Schmahl Sonja , Weiske Hendrik , Baldauf Carsten , Asmis Knut R.
Published: September 2022

Infrared spectroscopy of microhydrated salt clusters provides a detailed picture of how anion polarizability influences the interactions between ions and water.
Palladium-catalyzed intramolecular enantioselective C(sp3)–H insertion of donor/donor carbenes
Authors: Li Wendeng , Zhang He , Chen Kai , Jiang Huanfeng , Sun Jianwei , Zhu Shifa
Published: September 2022

The first palladium-catalyzed intramolecular enantioselective C(sp3)–H insertion of donor–donor carbenes has been achieved. The diazo compounds afford raretrans-indolines with excellent enantioselectivities, while enynones delivercis-indolines exclusively.
Orientational self-sorting in cuboctahedral Pd cages
Authors: Li Ru-Jin , Tarzia Andrew , Posligua Victor , Jelfs Kim E. , Sanchez Nicolas , Marcus Adam , Baksi Ananya , Clever Guido H. , Fadaei-Tirani Farzaneh , Severin Kay
Published: September 2022

Cuboctahedral [Pd12L24]24+ cages based on low-symmetry ligands can potentially form a vast number of isomers, but the self-assembly process was found to be highly selective.
Alkoxysulfonyl radical species: acquisition and transformation towards sulfonate esters through electrochemistry
Authors: Zhang Chun , Yang Man , Qiu Yanjie , Song Meijun , Wang Hongyan , Yang Min , Xie Wenlin , Wu Jie , Ye Shengqing
Published: September 2022

A new route to provide alkoxysulfonyl radical species via electrochemical anodic oxidation of inorganic sulfites with alcohols is developed, affording sulfonate esters by subsequent alkene difunctionalization with these alkoxysulfonyl radicals.
A self-powered and drug-free diabetic wound healing patch breaking hyperglycemia and low H2O2limitations and precisely sterilizing driven by electricity
Authors: Wang Linlin , Su Qiwen , Liu Yi , Yimamumaimaiti Tajiguli , Hu Dandan , Zhu Jun-Jie , Zhang Jian-Rong
Published: September 2022

A GBFC-powered antibacterial patch which can break low H2O2limitations and precisely sterilize driven by electricity was created to treat bacteria-infected diabetic wounds without depending on any exogenous drugs.
High-fidelity ATP imaging via an isothermal cascade catalytic amplifier
Authors: Zou Zhiqiao , Pan Min , Mo Fengye , Jiang Qunying , Feng Ailing , Zhou Yizhuo , Wang Fuan , Liu Xiaoqing
Published: September 2022

An on-site activated aptasensing platform is constructed for highly reliable ATP monitoring in cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo by combining tumor-specific activatable MnO2 with the stimuli-responsive cascade DNA amplifier.
X-ray scattering as an effective tool for characterizing liquid metal composite morphology
Authors: Crater Erin R. , Tutika Ravi , Moore Robert B. , Bartlett Michael D.
Published: September 2022

Liquid metal soft composite morphology is quantified through X-ray scattering and real-space image analysis, providing global-averaged particle size and size distributions for material design.
Pulling simulation predicts mixing free energy for binary mixtures
Authors: Mkandawire Wezi D. , Milner Scott T.
Published: September 2022

By applying attractive or repulsive harmonic potentials to every molecule in a mixture, and observing the resulting concentration profile, the chemical potentialversusmole fraction can be determined.
Reversible light-controlled fluorescence switch of block polymer-grafted carbon dots and cellular imaging
Authors: Yang Shilin , Liao Bo , Liang Enxiang , Yi Shoujun , Liao Qing
Published: September 2022

Novel aggregation induced emission nanoparticles, which are carbon dots grafted with a polymer of tetraphenylethylene, spiropyran and N-isopropylacrylamide, were synthesized. Their fluorescence can reversibly transform cyan to red by light irradiation.
Chain aggregation dictates bimolecular charge recombination and fill factor of all-polymer blend solar cells
Authors: Hagio Ren , Benten Hiroaki , Na Yunju , Liang Zhiyuan , Oyaizu Naoki , Suzuki Junya , Kubota Shota , Jung Min-Cherl , Kojima Hirotaka , Nakamura Masakazu
Published: September 2022

Small bimolecular charge recombination coefficients resulted in all-polymer blend solar cells with high fill factors. The preferred blend morphology was characterized by a well-ordered local structure, exhibiting chain aggregation by both the polymer donor and acceptor.
Regulation of surface oxygen activity in Li-rich layered cathodes using band alignment of vanadium phosphate surface coatings
Authors: Jenkins Tristram , Alarco Jose A. , Cowie Bruce , Mackinnon Ian D. R.
Published: September 2022

Interfacial electronic band alignment between alkali vanadium(iii) phosphate (Na3V2(PO4)3, Li3V2(PO4)3) coatings regulate oxygen redox activity and enhance electrochemical performance in prototypical Li-rich layered oxide, Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2.
Discovery of aza-aromatic anolytes for aqueous redox flow batteries via high-throughput screening
Authors: Zhang Qi , Khetan Abhishek , Sorkun Elif , Er Süleyman
Published: September 2022

Data-driven discovery workflow of aza-aromatic class of electroactive compounds for efficient energy storage in aqueous redox flow batteries.
All-pseudocapacitive coordination towards flexible asymmetric fiber-shaped supercapacitors with ultrahigh energy and power density
Authors: He Jinfeng , Sun Ke , Wu Mingmao , Yu Yan , Lu Zhixing , Zhou Qinqin , Luo Zhong-Zhen , Zou Zhigang
Published: September 2022

An asymmetric fiber-shaped supercapacitor with excellent flexibility, ultra-high energy and power density is developed, demonstrating great practical importance.
A rapid, selective, and ultrasensitive voltammetric and gravimetric protocol for MMP-1 active form detection
Authors: Kowalczyk Agata , Nisiewicz Monika K. , Kasprzak Artur , Bamburowicz-Klimkowska Magdalena , Nowicka Anna M.
Published: September 2022

The article presents an innovative, simple, voltammetric sensor with an impressively low detection limit for the determination of the active form of MMP-1 in plasma, which does not require biological compounds.
Bio-orthogonally activated tetraphenylene-tetrazine aggregation-induced emission fluorogenic probes
Authors: Teng Yu , Zhang Rongrong , Yang Bingbing , Yang Hong , Li Xiang , Yin Dali , Feng Xinchi , Tian Yulin
Published: September 2022

Tetraphenylene-tetrazine derivatives were developed as bio-orthogonally activated aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-type fluorogenic probes for live-cell imaging.
Unravelling the major factors in photo-oxidative stability of anthradithiophene derivatives
Authors: Thorley Karl J. , Le Hoang , Song Yang , Anthony John E.
Published: September 2022

Stability of anthradithiophene derivatives towards photo-oxidation was explored through substituent effects, relative light absorption, concentration, and reactivity towards singlet oxygen.
Ultrathin 2D silver sulphate nanosheets for visible-light-driven NO2 sensing at room temperature
Authors: Alkathiri Turki , Xu Kai , Fei Zhengdong , Ren Guanghui , Ha Nam , Khan Muhammad Waqas , Syed Nitu , Almutairi Ahmed F. M. , Zhang Bao Yue , Ou Rui , Hu Yihong , Zhang Jiaru , Daeneke Torben , Ou Jian Zhen
Published: September 2022

2D Ag2SO4 nanosheets have been delaminated from bulk Ag2S using a two-step combined exfoliation method. Upon blue light irradiation, the 2D Ag2SO4-based sensor exhibits high-performance responses toward low-concentrated NO2 gas at room temperature.
Abnormal Esophageal Clearance Identified During Modified Barium Swallow Study in an Acute Poststroke Cohort
Authors: Reedy Erin L. , Simpson Annie N. , O'Rourke Ashli K. , Bonilha Heather Shaw
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Dysphagia impacts many poststroke survivors with wide-ranging prevalence in the acute and chronic phases. One relatively unexplored manifestation of poststroke swallowing impairment is that of primary or co-occurring esophageal dysphagia. The incidence of esophageal dysphagia in this population is unknown despite the shared neuroanatomy and physiology with the oropharynx. We aimed to determine the presence of abnormal esophageal clearance in an acute poststroke sample using the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile (MBSImP) Component 17 (esophageal clearance) as our outcome measure.

Method:

We performed a retrospective, cross-sectional, cohort study of 57 poststroke patients with acute, first-ever, ischemic strokes. All participants received a modified barium swallow study (MBSS) using the MBSImP protocol and scoring metrics. Swallowing impairment was determined using a combination of MBSImP scores and Penetration–Aspiration Scale scores. Swallowing outcome measures were collected including Functional Oral Intake Scale and International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) scores. We performed tests of association and logistic regression analysis to determine if statistically significant associations exist between judgments of esophageal clearance and other swallowing impairments and/or swallowing outcome measures.

Results:

In our study of poststroke patients who received an MBSS as part of their care, 57.9% had abnormal esophageal clearance. Statistically significant associations were also identified in measures of pharyngeal physiology (MBSImP scores) and swallowing outcome measures (IDDSI scores and alternate means of nutrition).

Conclusions:

Abnormal esophageal clearance was identified in greater than half of our poststroke patients. There is a dearth of scientific research regarding esophageal function poststroke. While esophageal visualization during the MBSS is not diagnostic of esophageal impairment, it may serve as an indicator for those poststroke patients who require dedicated esophageal testing to best determine the full nature of their swallowing pathophysiology and make the most effective treatment recommendations.
Observational Study to Preliminarily Characterize the Audiological Profile of Children With Down Syndrome
Authors: Porter Heather , Buss Emily , Merchant Gabrielle R. , Leibold Lori J.
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Down syndrome occurs in one of 700 births, and high rates of hearing loss are reported in this population. This puts children with Down syndrome at risk for communication, learning, and social development difficulties, compounding known language and cognitive vulnerabilities in this population. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively characterize audiological profiles in children with Down syndrome, including the use of extended high-frequency sensitivity and speech intelligibility index assessment.

Method:

Participants were 18 children with Down syndrome between 5 and 17 years of age. Audiological profiles were characterized using behavioral audiometry, tympanometry, and wideband acoustic immittance (WAI). Audibility was characterized using the speech intelligibility index.

Results:

Of the participants successfully completing behavioral audiometry, hearing loss of a moderate or greater degree was observed in one or both ears for 46% of the participants at conventional audiometric test frequencies and 85% of the participants at frequencies above 8 kHz. Seven children met criteria for amplification based on the speech intelligibility index, but only two wore hearing aids. Abnormal middle ear function was found in approximately 50% of the participants for whom WAI or tympanometry were successfully measured.

Conclusions:

Consistent with prior research, high rates of hearing loss and middle ear dysfunction were observed. The high prevalence of hearing loss above 8 kHz suggests the importance of including extended high-frequency assessment in audiologic characterization of children with Down syndrome. Few children meeting audibility-based guidelines for amplification wore hearing aids, putting them at additional risk for speech/language and educational difficulties.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21200422
An improved evaluation model for supplier selection based on particle swarm optimisation‐back propagation neural network
Authors: Yu Jun , Li Daming , Wang Aihui , Liu Ping , Song Jingwen , Han Xiaobo
Published: September 2022

With the trend of supply chain globalisation, competition among enterprises is becoming more intense. Enterprises urgently need to improve their core competitiveness, and the enhancement of the competencies can depend on technologies services and the quality of suppliers. Since external factors are less controllable, this study starts with the quality of suppliers and proposes a supplier evaluation method that combines particle swarm optimisation with neural network algorithm to maximise the interests of enterprises. The particle swarm algorithm to lock the approximate location of the global optimum is first employed. Based on this, we establish an evaluation model of suppliers to train for the minimum errors between the desired and predicted values by constructing a back propagation (BP) neural network. Finally, the output results of the proposed method is compared with the BP neural network without the particle swarms optimisation. The proposed model is less empirically sensitive to the initialisation and can quickly converge to the local optimums, which overcomes the shortage of traditional neural networks and is more applicable to supplier evaluation.
Field strength prediction based on deep learning under small sample data
Authors: Zhou Min , Shao Wei , Liu Yang , Yang Xiaoqin
Published: September 2022

The accurate prediction of radio wave propagation is extremely important for wireless network planning and optimization. However, inexact matching between the traditional empirical model and actual propagation environments, as well as the insufficiency of the sample data required for training a deep learning model, lead to unsatisfactory prediction results. This paper proposes a field strength prediction model based on a deep neural network that is aimed at a tiny dataset composed of the geographic information and corresponding satellite images of a target area. This model connects two pretrained networks to minimize the parameters to be learned. Simultaneously, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is constructed for comparison based on a previous advanced study in this field. Experimental results show that the proposed model can obtain the same accuracy as that of previously developed CNN models while requiring less data.
Coordinated suppression commutation torque ripple for brushless DC motor with commutation time
Authors: Wan Zhongxin , Huang Song , Zeng Chong , Liao Yong
Published: September 2022

A commutation torque ripple suppression strategy for the brushless DC motor (BLDCM) with commutation time is proposed. First, a torque model considering back electromotive force (back‐EMF) variation is presented, and the cause of commutation torque ripple is analysed. The results show that the commutation torque ripple of BLDCM is inevitable even if the non‐commutation current remains steady. On this basis, the influence and quantitative relationships of non‐commutation current and commutation time on commutation torque ripple are studied. Furthermore, two impact factors are proposed to comprehensively consider their effects on commutation torque ripple. The three‐phase windings are modulated in the commutation process at individual duty cycles. The comprehensive optimisation index of commutation torque ripple for different working conditions is obtained by calculating the relative relationship of the impact factors. The optimisation index determines the proper modulation duty cycles. Therefore, the motor parameters and working conditions do not limit the strategy. Finally, the experimental results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the feasibility of the proposed strategy. The proposed strategy can reduce the commutation torque ripple by 16.28% and 21.80% and shorten the commutation time by 50.00% and 36.67% at low speed and high speed, respectively, compared with the conventional strategy.
Salient object detection based on edge‐interior feature fusion
Authors: Shi Yadi , Qin Guihe , Liang Yanhua , Wang Xinchao , Yan Jie , Zhang Zhonghan
Published: September 2022

Recently, existing FCNs‐based methods have shown their advantages in processing object boundaries. However, these methods still suffer from false object interference, which appears in saliency predictions. To solve this problem, an edge‐interior feature fusion (EIFF) framework is proposed, which consists of an internal‐boundary decoupled generation structure with receptive field enlargement and attention mechanism enhancement, and a salient feature refinement module. Specifically, the framework first learns edge features and interior features through an internal‐boundary decoupling generation network, which is supervised by labels obtained by decoupling ground‐truth through an image erosion algorithm. Then, feature refinement module (FRM) is designed to purify the coarse prediction by focusing on the ambiguous regions through a mining strategy to generate the final saliency map. To compensate for shortcomings of the BCE and IU loss, we also introduce a weighted loss to guide our model to focus more on the error‐prone parts. Experimental results on five benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed method performs favorably against 19 state‐of‐the‐art approaches under four standard metrics.
Insulator fault feature extraction system of substation equipment based on machine vision
Authors: Jiang Keruo , Xia Qiaoqun , Ma Lijun , Xu Xin , Shao Zhipeng
Published: September 2022

The artificial intelligence technology and intelligent automation are more and more widely used, the insulators play a supporting and insulating role in the operation of the grid. The use of machine vision inspection technology to detect insulator faults has become an inevitable trend of the times. In this study, based on BP neural network, the fault feature extraction system of substation insulator is studied, and then the system has some shortcomings in target detection algorithm. It then introduced two target detection algorithms, YOLOv3 and Canny, to improve the system. This study then analyses and compares the various indicators. It also analyses some external interference factors that exist when detecting insulator faults. It then further analyses the slenderness ratio of the smallest circumscribed rectangle of the insulator and the background region and the duty cycle of the insulator and the background region. The experimental results show that the recognition rates of both YOLOv3 and Canny target detection algorithms are around 90%. In this study, the influence of external factors is considered, and the fault features are further introduced, so that the true positive rate and accuracy of the algorithm have been improved.
Remote sensing image semantic segmentation network based on ENet
Authors: Wang Yiqin
Published: September 2022

The current image semantic segmentation methods cannot meet the requirements of high precision and high speed for remote sensing image analysis. The ENet network model builds a semantic segmentation network, which has the characteristics of few network parameters and fast operation speed. The attention mechanism module is integrated with the ENet network model, which can deeply mine image features in remote sensing datasets and ensure the accuracy of semantic segmentation. The author combines the ENet network with the attention mechanism to construct a new semantic segmentation network model. The model first constructed a remote sensing image semantic segmentation network model based on the ENet network, and simplified the model to further improve the speed of image segmentation and recognition. Then, the attention mechanism module is fused with the ENet network model, which can conduct deep and orderly mining of the image features of the remote sensing image data set. It can meet the accuracy requirements of remote sensing image semantic analysis. Simulations are performed based on three general datasets, and the experimental results show high accuracy and high speed.
CHEOPS finds KELT-1b darker than expected in visible light
Authors: Parviainen H. , Wilson T. G. , Lendl M. , Kitzmann D. , Pallé E. , Serrano L. M. , Meier Valdes E. , Benz W. , Deline A. , Ehrenreich D. , Guterman P. , Heng K. , Demangeon O. D. S. , Bonfanti A. , Salmon S. , Singh V. , Santos N. C. , Sousa S. G. , Alibert Y. , Alonso R. , Anglada G. , Bárczy T. , Barrado y Navascues D. , Barros S. C. C. , Baumjohann W. , Beck M. , Beck T. , Billot N. , Bonfils X. , Brandeker A. , Broeg C. , Cabrera J. , Charnoz S. , Collier Cameron A. , Corral Van Damme C. , Csizmadia Sz. , Davies M. B. , Deleuil M. , Delrez L. , Demory B.-O. , Erikson A. , Farinato J. , Fortier A. , Fossati L. , Fridlund M. , Gandolfi D. , Gillon M. , Güdel M. , Hoyer S. , Isaak K. G. , Kiss L. L. , Kopp E. , Laskar J. , Lecavelier des Etangs A. , Lovis C. , Magrin D. , Maxted P. F. L. , Mecina M. , Nascimbeni V. , Olofsson G. , Ottensamer R. , Pagano I. , Peter G. , Piazza D. , Piotto G. , Pollacco D. , Queloz D. , Ragazzoni R. , Rando N. , Rauer H. , Ribas I. , Scandariato G. , Ségransan D. , Simon A. E. , Smith A. M. S. , Steller M. , Szabó Gy. M. , Thomas N. , Udry S. , Van Grootel V. , Walton N. A.
Published: September 2022

Recent studies based on photometry from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) have suggested that the dayside of KELT-1b, a strongly irradiated brown dwarf, is significantly brighter in visible light than what would be expected based on Spitzer observations in the infrared. We observed eight eclipses of KELT-1b with CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) to measure its dayside brightness temperature in the bluest passband observed so far, and we jointly modelled the CHEOPS photometry with the existing optical and near-infrared photometry from TESS, LBT, CFHT, and Spitzer. Our modelling has led to a self-consistent dayside spectrum for KELT-1b covering the CHEOPS, TESS, H, Ks, and Spitzer IRAC 3.6 and 4.5 µm bands, where our TESS, H, Ks, and Spitzer band estimates largely agree with the previous studies. However, we discovered a strong discrepancy between the CHEOPS and TESS bands. The CHEOPS observations yield a higher photometric precision than the TESS observations, but they do not show a significant eclipse signal, while a deep eclipse is detected in the TESS band. The derived TESS geometric albedo of 0.36−0.13+0.12 is difficult to reconcile with a CHEOPS geometric albedo that is consistent with zero because the two passbands have considerable overlap. Variability in cloud cover caused by the transport of transient nightside clouds to the dayside could provide an explanation for reconciling the TESS and CHEOPS geometric albedos, but this hypothesis needs to be tested by future observations.
Direct-retrograde orbit flips at planetary close encounters
Authors: Valsecchi G. B. , Rickman H. , Morbidelli A. , Wiśniowski T. , Gabryszewski R. , Wajer P.
Published: September 2022

Aims. We want to find the conditions under which planetary close encounters transform the orbits of small Solar System bodies from direct to retrograde, and vice versa.

Methods. We derive analytical constraints on the orbital elements of the small body that allow direct-retrograde transitions at close encounters. We check the validity of the analytical constraints with numerical integrations of close encounters in the restricted, circular, three-dimensional three-body problem.

Results. For bound orbits, inclination flips at close encounters are possible only for values of the Tisserand parameter, computed with respect to the planet actually encountered, which are within certain limits. We give an analytical expression for the probability per revolution of this transition, as function of the orbital parameters. We show how to identify, among the known asteroids and comets on direct orbits, those that can flip to retrograde motion due to an encounter with an outer planet.

Conclusions. Inclination flips at planetary close encounters can be quantitatively characterized with the analytical theory of close encounters.
Reaching ultra-high vacuum for a large vacuum vessel in an underground environment
Authors: Sabulsky D. O. , Zou X. , Junca J. , Bertoldi A. , Prevedelli M. , Beaufils Q , Geiger R , Landragin A. , Boyer D. , Gaffet S. , Bouyer P , Canuel B.
Published: September 2022

Located far from anthropical disturbances and with low seismic and magnetic background noise profiles, the LSBB facility is the ideal location for a new hybrid detector for the study of space-time strain. The MIGA infrastructure [1], utilizes an array of atom interferometers manipulated by the same beam, the resonant optical field of a 150 m long optical cavity. The infrastructure constitutes a new method for geophysics, for the characterization of spatial and temporal variations of the local gravity, and is a demonstrator for future decihertz gravitational wave observation. Such an infrastructure requires ultra-high vacuum (10−9 mbar) on a size (150 m) and scale (36 m3) not typically seen in underground laboratories other than CERN [2], and especially in underground environments with high humidity (up to 100%) and significant dust contamination (milimetric to micrometric porous rock particles). Here, we detail the status of the MIGA infrastructure and describe the ongoing generation and analysis of the vacuum works - this comes from tests of the prototype vacuum vessel, focusing on heating cycles, residual gas and heating analysis.
Target allocation decision of incomplete information game based on Bayesian Nash equilibrium
Authors: WEI Na , LIU Mingyong
Published: September 2022

Aiming at the incomplete information of AUV cooperative confrontation, the incomplete information game theory is used to study the confrontation behavior of AUVs. Taking the remaining survival probability and weapon consumption as the evaluation indicators, adding the position error factor, an AUV game confrontation target allocation model for incomplete information is established. In terms of the Bayesian Nash equilibrium theory, the prior probabilities of the offensive and defensive strategy types are set by the virtual participant "Nature" in advance. Then the types of AUVs to be allocated are selected, and the judgment on the types of the target assignment strategies adopted by the other party are modified through the posterior probability. An algorithm for solving incomplete information target assignment based on the multi-target discrete particle swarms is proposed, and the Bayesian Nash equilibrium target assignment strategies of the two sides are obtained, which provides strategic choice help for the commander's combat command.
Study on upper limb joint angle prediction method based on sEMG
Authors: KONG Dezhi , WANG Wendong , GUO Dong , SHI Yikai
Published: September 2022

Aiming at the problems of insufficient human-computer interaction and human-machine coupling in the rehabilitation training process, a prediction model of upper limb joint angle is proposed and verified by experiments. Firstly, a mixture vector that can well represent the motion intention of the upper limbs is obtained based on sEMG; secondly, the signal preprocessing, feature optimization and extraction of temporal eigenvalues are completed; finally, for the problems of unsatisfactory prediction accuracy and slow prediction speed of the current models in the field of motion control, the least square method (LSM) is adopted. The upper limb joint angle prediction is realized by multiplying the support vector machine (LSSVM) first. The experimental results show that the prediction model proposed in this paper can well predict the motion trajectory of the upper limb joints of the human body according to the sEMG and attitude information, effectively reduce the prediction time delay and error, and has certain advantages.
Response behavior of double layer tungsten fragments under detonation loading
Authors: MA Yue , HE Yong , WANG Chuanting , HE Yuan , GUO Lei
Published: September 2022

Under detonation loading, the prefabricated fragments in the warhead will be greatly deformed and even broken. In order to explore the model of deformation, the dynamic response of double-layer spherical tungsten fragments under detonation loading was studied. Firstly, a typical cylindrical warhead model was numerically simulated. The simulation model for the characteristic section only includes the quarter model for the double row fragments in the axial direction, in order to obtain the deformation response of the fragments under the detonation loading. The full-size 1/4 simulation model is designed to obtain the axial velocity distribution of the fragment. In the characteristic section, the charge diameter was used as the variable to simulate five charge sizes, and the fragment deformation law was obtained. In order to verify the correctness of the simulation, the warhead of 400 mm caliber was tested, and the flight speed of the fragment was measured. Some deformed fragments were obtained by soft recovery and their cross-section microstructure were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the deformation of the inner layer of the double-layer spherical tungsten alloy fragment is more serious under the action of the internal explosion load, because it is squeezed by the internal explosion load and the outer layer fragment at the same time. The final dispersion velocities of the inner and outer fragments tend to be the same, and there is no significant difference in the distribution of fragments.
Study on sensitivity analysis of tooth surface roughness parameters and contact stress
Authors: CHEN Jiling , TANG Jinyuan , YANG Duo
Published: September 2022

The reasonable selection of three-dimensional roughness parameters can evaluate the service performance of the machined surface, and its excessively high dimension greatly increases the difficulty of selection. In order to reveal the correlation law between the 3D roughness parameters and the tooth surface contact performance parameters, the correlation analysis theory is used to explore the correlation, and the nonlinear mapping model is constructed by using the BP neural network, the genetic algorithm optimization and Morris and Sobol′ two global sensitivity. The qualitative analysis method conducts the qualitative and quantitative analysis of each parameter, selects the three-dimensional roughness parameters that have the greatest impact on the contact performance of the tooth surface, and determines the primary and secondary relationship, solves the problem of parameter redundancy, and provides the theoretical basis for the anti-fatigue design and manufacturing of the tooth surface. The results show that the overall influence of the maximum shear stress on the gear tooth contact and the maximum surface pressure are arranged in the following order: the arithmetic average height (Sa) and the peak volume (Vmp), in which Sa has a strong correlation.
Development of sulfuric-acid resistant concrete with reduced carbon emissions
Authors: Tanaka Shintaro , Fujiwara Hiromi , Maruoka Masanori , Ishiduka Hiyori , Wang Tao
Published: September 2022

A recent social problem in Japan is the corrosion of concrete structures at sewerage facilities caused by sulfuric acid in the sewage, causing the structures to deteriorate before their expected life span. At the same time, low-carbon concretes using reduced amounts of cement are being developed as a response to concerns about global warming.The production of cement emits large amounts of carbon dioxide, so it is being replaced by blast furnace slag and fly ash, which are industrial by-products. In this study, low-carbon concretes with good sulfuric acid resistance are developed by replacing cement with various proportions of blast furnace slag fine powder, and fly ash. In particular, the concrete with 20% cement, 20% water-binder ratio has a high compressive strength of 60 N/mm2 or more and shows good resistance to sulfuric acid as demonstrated by a reduced mass change rate and neutralization depth in sulfuric acid immersion tests.
Assessing The Mechanical And Durability Performance Of Concrete Made Using Recycled Clay Masonry Rubble Bricks (CMRB) As Coarse Aggregates
Authors: Kanjee Janina P , Sikhakhane Thoba , Tejane Omphile
Published: September 2022

The South African construction industry is currently faced with mounting construction waste and overflowing landfills. Consequently, the feasibility of using of clay masonry rubble brick (CMRB) as a partial replacement for natural coarse aggregate in concrete was investigated. Three concrete mixes were made using a water-to-binder (w/b) ratios of 0.60. A control mix as well as a mix containing 50% and 100 % replacement of coarse Andesite aggregate with CMRB as coarse aggregate was tested. The compressive strength, shrinkage and durability properties (with respect to oxygen permeability, water sorptivity and chloride conductivity) were assessed. The results show that the incorporation 100% MCR brick as coarse aggregate produced the lowest compressive strength result, the highest shrinkage rate and the least resistance to gaseous ingress and chloride conductivity. The concrete mix containing 50% MCR brick exhibited the least resistance to water absorption through capillary action. The mechanical and durability properties of both concrete mix containing MCR brick was largely affected by the porous nature of coarse masonry rubble. The results can be attributed to a relatively high void ratio leading to the presence of more interlinked pathways within the CMRB aggregate.
Durability Aspects of Chloride-Affected Cracked Concrete Structures Reinforced with 1.4003 Rebars
Authors: Dauberschmidt Christoph , Fraundorfer Andreas , Ripa Frederik
Published: September 2022

The protection of reinforced concrete components exposed to chlorides is often ensured by coating systems, which are usually associated with high maintenance costs over the service life. A possible alternative is the use of high-alloy, stainless steel reinforcement. Through smart selection in areas subject to particularly high stresses and the possibility of using mixed reinforcement with black steel, this type of reinforcement can also be used for economical construction. In many areas, it is sufficient to use significantly cheaper chromium steel rebars instead of very expensive, highly corrosion-resistant austenitic chromium-nickel steels. An industrial research project was carried out at Munich University of Applied Sciences in which the resistance of a chromium steel reinforcement with material number 1.4003 in chloride-exposed separation cracks of RC-specimens was investigated. The results obtained formed the basis for the development of design variants for underground parking garages. Structural tests on a large number of existing structures show how a long service life can be achieved with such reinforcement even under high chloride loads.
Impact of slag on carbonation rate of concrete based on calcium aluminate cement
Authors: Bašić Alma-Dina , Serdar Marijana , Mikanovic Ingrid , Walenta Gunther
Published: September 2022

Throughout their service life, concrete structures are exposed to various environmental conditions that affect their durability. The cementitious matrix inevitably comes into contact with air, which leads to a progressive carbonation reaction. As a result of carbonation, changes occur in the microstructure and porosity of the cementitious matrix. Calcium aluminate cement is produced to increase the resistance of composites to aggressive environments, but its application is limited by the occurrence of conversion process. The addition of slag inhibits the conversion process of calcium aluminate cement and prevents a reduction in compressive strength due to the formation of C2ASH8 hydrate, while contributing to the net zero commitment of the cement industry. It remains an open question how these changes in microstructure caused by the addition of slag affect the carbonation rate of calcium aluminate cement-based concrete. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of slag on the microstructure and porosity of calcium aluminate-based concrete before and after accelerated carbonation. For this purpose, the mechanical properties, porosity, and reaction product of a concrete mix containing 30% calcium aluminate cement replacement by slag were compared to calcium aluminate cement-based concrete before and after exposure to 3% CO2 for 7 and 28 days. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) were tested to understand the changes in reaction products and pore size distribution, respectively.
Chloride profiles with a peak – why and what are the consequences for predictions?
Authors: Nilsson Lars-Olof
Published: September 2022

Chloride ingress profiles do almost always have a peak at some depth but most prediction models are missing this peak. Some prediction models, such as the fib model, simply “cut off” a slice of the concrete up to the peak in further predictions. Other prediction models use data only from the profiles beyond the peak but include the concrete up to the peak as if it has the same properties as the rest of the concrete. A physical model has been developed to quantify the local changes because of leaching and the consequences of these changes with time. The model uses Fick’s 1st law for chloride diffusion and linear chloride binding. The depth of leaching with time is modelled with a simple square-root equation. The consequences of leaching are assumed to be linear from the surface into the maximum depth of leaching. The consequences of leaching are modelled as depth-dependent changes of porosity, chloride binding and the diffusion coefficient in Fick’s first law.
A comparison between uniform and galvanic corrosion rate in carbonation induced corrosion of reinforced concrete
Authors: Nguyen Thi-Thu Trang , François Raoul , Vu Tru Ngoc , Carcasses Myriam
Published: September 2022

Carbonation-induced corrosion is usually considered in uniform or generalized corrosion. This is true for small laboratory samples but not necessary the case for real reinforced concrete structures built with multilayers reinforcement. Multi-layers reinforcement could lead to a galvanic corrosion between first de-passivated layer closed to the concrete surface and deeper layers still passivated. The present paper compares the uniform corrosion density and the galvanic corrosion density for concrete samples made with two different type of cements. CEM III cement despite their higher susceptibility to carbonation show a significant lower galvanic corrosion density, which would lead to a significant increase in the service life of RC structures, exposed to carbonation.
Current distribution and throwing power of galvanic cathodic protection with discrete anodes in reinforced concrete beam or column elements
Authors: Van Belleghem Bjorn , Maes Mathias , Soetens Tim
Published: September 2022

Galvanic cathodic protection (GCP) of steel in concrete by means embedded discrete anodes is a commonly used repair method to reduce or prevent steel reinforcement corrosion. The design and efficiency of the system depends greatly on the corrosion activity of the steel reinforcement and electrical resistivity of the concrete. In this research, the influence of chloride concentration and cement type in the concrete on the current distribution and throwing power of GCP with discrete anodes is investigated for linear concrete elements such as beams or columns. Results show a high throwing power (> 500 mm) of the GCP system for concrete with a CEM I cement (low resistivity) and limited chloride contamination. For concrete with a severe contamination of chlorides (2 m% by mass of cement) or high electrical resistivity (e.g. by the use of CEM III/A cement), the throwing power is greatly reduced to values of 60 mm and 110 mm, respectively. Consequently, based on the 100 mV depolarization criterium (EN ISO 12696:2016), GCP with discrete anodes was found to be most efficient for concrete with relatively low resistivity and limited corrosion activity of the steel reinforcement (related to chloride concentration in the concrete).
Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Untch Michael , Fasching Peter A. , Haidinger Renate , Harbeck Nadia , Jackisch Christian , Lüftner Diana , Müller Volkmar , Schumacher-Wulf Eva , Würstlein Rachel , Thomssen Christoph
Published: September 2022

Over the past few years, there have been many developments in the treatment of advanced breast cancer; these have been incorporated into national and international treatment guidelines,
resulting in an improved prognosis for these patients. The 6th International Consensus Conference for Advanced Breast Cancer (ABC6) was held in November 2021. The aim is to standardize the
treatment of advanced breast cancer based on a high level of evidence, and to make new treatment options accessible to all patients. In this article we discuss the ABC6 consensus in the
context of German treatment guidelines, and compare it with clinical practice in Germany. The authors refer to the current recommendations of the Breast Cancer Working Group for
Gynecological Oncology (AGO Mamma) published in March 2022. The AGO Breast Cancer Guidelines are updated annually. Since discrepancies between national and international guidelines can occur
due to country-specific regulations, this is a useful comparison to make. The German authors refer to the voting results of the ABC6 panelists from 6 November 2021.