bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) dengan Media Gambar pada Sdn 6 Selat Hilir Kuala Kapuas Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017
Authors: Selvia Lola , Hendri Hendri
Published: July 2019

This study aims to find out: (1) Describe the learning activities of students in social studies subjects using the CTL (Contextual Teaching And Learning) model with picture media. (2) Improving social studies learning outcomes using the CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) model with picture media. The type of research used by researchers is Classroom Action Research (CAR). With the subjects in this study were all fifth grade students of SDN 6 in the Lower Strait of Kuala Kapuas, totaling 17 students, 10 men and 7 women. Data collection techniques in this study used a written test at the end of the learning process and observation to find out the activity during the learning process. The data analysis technique uses qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results of the study showed that: (1) Learning activities of students in social studies learning using the CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) model in class V of SDN 6 in the Lower Kapat Kuala Kapuas became good. In the first cycle, the activities of the students obtained a score of 36 with an average rating of 2.57 with quite good criteria. In Cycle II the activities of students received an average score of 53.5 with an average score of 3.82 with suitable measures. (2) There is an increase in learning outcomes of students in social studies learning using the CTL model (Contextual Teaching and Learning) in the fifth grade of SDN 6 in the Lower Straits of Kuala Kapuas. In the pre-test, it can be seen that the percentage of the results is 23.53% (4 people), the students who complete and the students who do not complete 70.48% (12 people) with an average value of 50. The results obtained in the first cycle are the percentage results learners reach 70.59% (12 people) students complete and 23.53% (5 people) students who do not complete with an average value of 72. In cycle II, the acquisition of student learning outcomes is 100% (17 people) who complete with an average score of 91. There is an increase in social studies learning outcomes from pre-test to cycle I which is as much as 47.06% while from cycle I to cycle II there is an increase in learning outcomes which is as much as 29.41%. It can be concluded that there is an increase in learning outcomes by using the CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) model in the fifth grade of SDN 6 in the Lower Strait of Kuala Kapuas.
Canadian Comic Books at Library and Archives Canada
Authors: Scanlon Meaghan
Published: July 2019

Library and Archives Canada (LAC) has what is likely the largest collection of Canadian comic books in a Canadian library. LAC’s collection has three distinct parts: comics acquired via legal deposit,the John Bell Collection of Canadian Comic Books, and the Bell Features Collection. These holdings, which span the history of the comics medium in Canada, represent a significant resource for researchers studying Canadian comics. This article looks at each of the three main parts of LAC’s comic book collection, giving anoverview of the contents of each part, and providing information on how researchers can discover and access these comics. The article also briefly explores other comics-related holdings at LAC. Its purposeis to provide a starting point for researchers seeking to make use of LAC’s comic book collections.
Editorial: Documents and Tools
Authors: Bradley-St-Cyr Ruth
Published: July 2019

This editorial, written by the new editor of the Papers of the Bibliographical Society of Canada, introduces a new thrust for the journal, that of publishing documents and tools that will be interesting and useful to the book studies community. The editorial also gives a brief overview of the papers in the current issue and themes for upcoming issues, as well as an overview of the editor’s own research on The Ryerson Press and Ontario’s Royal Commission on Book Publishing, which is the source of the feature document for this issue—“The Writers’ Union Meets the Royal Commission”—as well as one of the tools, a table of contents of Royal Commission testimony. Patricia Demers’s keynote speech from Congress 2018, articles by Meaghan Scanlon and Richard Virr, and an index compiled by Cameron Anstee are featured in the issue.
Regional Problems and Strategies of the Russian Economy
Authors: Nikonova A. A.
Published: July 2019

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Konfigurasi Cekungan Tomori Berdasarkan Data Gayaberat
Authors: Padmawidjaja Tatang
Published: July 2019

Geophysical research in Tomori Basin, Kolonodale Bay using the gravity method was carried out to identified anticline structural trap in associated with hydrocarbon prospect. The occurence of hydrocarbon seepage in some places, indicate that hydrocarbon have been formed although its distribution is not clearly known. The gravity Bouguer anomaly resulted two groups of rock units: the group of 40 mGal up to 120 mGal gravity anomaly represent ultramafic rocks, and group of 30 mGal up to -80 mGal gravity anomaly reflected a sedimentary rocks basin. The subsurface modeling of the rock density can be grouped into three layers: the Cenozoic (2.5-2.55 gr/cm³ density), the Mesozoic (2.6-2.7 gr/cm³ density), and the Basement ( 2.8-2.9 gr/cm³ density). Elongated and vertical closure are reflected by anomaly 0-2 mGal with density 2.5 gr/cm3 to 2:55 mGal which is supposed to be oil and gas structures. The Source rock is characterized by  0  to -10 mGal anomaly  interpreted as oil kitchen at sub-basin area. Location of the reservoir rock is assumed in the Cenozoic layer on Salodik Group with density of 2.5 gr/cm³. The Basement is estimated at depth of 3.5-4 km, derived from the Group of metamorphic and volcanic rocks.Keyword: Gravity, basin, residual anomaly, fault, anticline. DOI:10.33332/jgsm.2019.v20.1.27-36
Model Fasies Batuan Karbonat Formasi Wainukendi di Cekungan Biak-Yapen, Papua
Authors: Permana Asep Kurnia , Shima Joshua , Maryanto Sigit , Wahyudiono Joko
Published: July 2019

This paper provides the carbonate rocks facies model of the Wainukendi Formation. Several outcrops are well exposed in the Southern part of the Supiori Island. The main data are taken from 28 outcrops and 25 measured sections. Thirty seven rocks samples from the Korido dan Warvey Sections were collected and have been petrographic examination for microfacies analysis. Finally, the analysis find that the Wainukendi Formation basically composed by bioclastic carbonate platform and reef margin platform. Microfacies analysis indicate that these carbonate platforms consist of 4 facies zone, deep shelf (FZ2), toe of slope (FZ3), slope (FZ4), and platform margin (FZ5). Keywords: Facies, stratigraphy, Wainukendi Formation, Biak-Yapen Basin.
El impulso del patrimonio marginado. La necesidad de comprender la evolución del concepto para afrontar los nuevos retos
Authors: Bermejo das Neves Juan Antonio
Published: July 2019

Realizamos un análisis del concepto de patrimonio señalando los cambios fundamentales desde el siglo XVIII hasta mediados del XX y como este va ligando a la idea de comunidad a través de los procesos de creación de los Estados modernos del XIX. La idea del imaginario colectivo aplicado a lo que la sociedad entiende como patrimonio y su estrecha vinculación con su historia o condicionantes locales. Además, señalamos lo que entendemos como el último de los cambios en el concepto de patrimonio, ya ligado al turismo de masas, y que se viene a conocer como turismo del “check” o de la foto. Entendemos que este nuevo proceso de cambio fomenta un tipo de patrimonio que acaba masificado y pobremente entendido a la vez que margina el patrimonio de comunidades menores que, sin otro tipo de industria local, causan despoblamiento y deterioro del patrimonio. A pesar de esta imagen negativa actual, entendemos que tanto instituciones como  personas vinculadas a la educación y el patrimonio debemos ser impulsores del cambio en la idea de patrimonio en lugar de tener que adaptarse a un tipo de turismo que margina bienes patrimoniales y a sus comunidades locales. En este sentido destacamos un tipo de iniciativas locales recientes merecedoras de atención donde el protagonismo de la comunidad local (un colegio y asociaciones vecinales) junto con el apoyo de asociaciones culturales vinculadas a la historia y el patrimonio, intentan fomentar un turismo responsable que ayude a sus comunidades locales y al patrimonio deteriorado de las mismas.
Kajian Aspek Sosial Ekonomi Dan Budaya Masyarakat Dalam Melakukan Aktivitas Perladangan Berpindah Oleh Masyarakat Kampung Ibasuf Distrik Aitinyo Kabupaten Maybrat
Authors: Febriadi Ihsan , Saeni Fajrianto
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kondisi sosial ekonomi dan budaya masyarakat peladang berpindah Kampung Ibasuf Distrik Aityo Kabupaten Maybrat pada umumnya melakukan aktifitas perladangan sehubungan dengan aktifitas perladangan yang dilakukan, terutama pada lahan dengan kondisi kemiringan yang curam. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kampung Ibasuf Distrik Aityo Kabupaten Maybrat yang berlangsung pada Tahun 2019.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode observasi dan survey dengan tehnikÂ  wawancara langsungÂ  di lapangan.Pemilihan responden untuk wawancara dilakukan secara purposif (purposive sampling), yang terdiri dari kepala keluarga, dan informan kunci (kepala desa, sekretaris desa, tokoh adat/masyarakat, dan kaur), dengan jumlah 10 responden. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di lapangan maka dapat diambil kesimpulan sebagai berikut: Sosial ekonomi masyarakat mempengaruhi dilakukannya perladangan berpindah oleh masyarakat di kampung Ibasuf Distrik Aitinyo Kabupaten Maybrat. Sistem perladangan berpindah oleh masyarakat di kampung Ibasuf dilakukan secaran turun menurun, yang dipengaruhi oleh tingkat umur, pendidikan dan tanggungan keluarga. Dengan luas keseluruhan perladangan berpindah sebesar 16,725 ha
Studi Sekuestrasi Karbon Pada Tegakan Jati (Tectona grandis Linn.) Di Areal Penghijauan Kabupaten Sorong
Authors: Maruapey Azis , Irnawati Irnawati
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan adalah untuk mengetahui biomassa dari tegakan Jati (Tectona grandis L.) di Areal Penghijauan Kabupaten Sorong; untuk mengetahui sekuestrasi karbon pada tegakan Jati; danuUntuk mengetahui sekuestrasi karbondioksida (CO2) pada tegakan JatiÂ Â Â Â Â  Â Â Â  Metode yang dipergunakan adalah metode petakÂ  tunggal. Penentuan areal lokasi penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode ini merupakan metode penentuan lokasi penelitian secara sengaja dengan mempertimbangkan petak ukur yang dibuat terdapat jenis tegakan Jati (Tectona grandis L.). Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode petak tunggal dengan ukuran 20 m x 20 m (Fachrul, 2007). Dalam penelitian ini, untuk menghitung biomassa dalam kaitannya dengan estimasi sekuestrasi karbon pada tegakan Jati dilakukan melalui sampling tanpa pemanenan secara in situ yaitu metode ini merupakan cara sampling dengan melakukan pengkukuran tanpa melakukan pemanenan. Metode ini antara lain dilakukan dengan mengukur diameter atau tinggi pohon dan menggunakan persamaan alometrik untuk mengekstrapolasi biomassa dan estimasi sekuestrasi karbon. .Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Nilai dari potensi biomassa yang terkandung pada tegakan pohon Jati di Areal Penghijauan Kabupaten Sorong dimasukkan dalam persamaan Allometrik, menunjukkan bahwa berat biomassa dari hasil perhitungan 5 petak pengamatan (luasan 0,2 ha) adalah 26.161,13 g. Sehingga untuk mengetahui berat biomassa dalam luasan satu hektar maka hasil dari perhitungan setiap plot dikalikan lima, dengan asumsi rataâ€“rata jumlah tegakan Jati sebanyak 1.100 tegakan per hektar maka jumlah biomassa yang terkandung dalam tegakan pohon Jati di Areal Penghijauan Kabupaten Sorong adalah sebesar 130.805,65 g/ha.Estimasi sekuestrasi karbon pada tegakan Jati di Areal Penghijauan Kabupaten Sorong berjumlah 12.295,73 g, sekuestrasi karbon tertinggi terdapat pada plot atau petak pengamatan III yaitu sebesar 3.593,15 dan terendah pada petak IV yaitu sebesar 1.714,41. Jumlah karbon yang terkandung pada tegakan jati di Areal Penghijauan Kabupaten Sorong sebesar 61.478,65 g/ha hasil ini diperoleh dari jumlah karbon pada setiap plot contoh dikalikan lima karena ukuran plot pengamatan hanya seluas 20 x 20 m2 sebanyak 5 petak. Jumlah sekuestrasi karbondioksida yang tersimpan pada tegakan pohon Jati di Areal Penghijauan Kabupaten Sorong adalah sebesar 12.295,73 g, dengan demikian maka tegakan Jati di Areal Penghijauan Kabupaten Sorong mempunyai potensi serapan karbondioksida sebesar 45.125,33 g atau 225.626,65 g/hektar.
Lendutan Pelat Lantai Gedung Rektorat Universitas Islam “45” Bekasi
Authors: Haryanto Galih Sendiko , Darma Eko , Prihesnanto Fajar
Published: July 2019

Seiring dengan bertambahnya usia bangunan maka ada penurunan dari kapasitas struktur sehingga dimungkinkan lendutan dan retak pada komponen struktur bertambah besar. Begitu pula permasalahan lendutan pelat lantai yang terjadi pada gedung Rektorat Universitas Islam “45” Bekasi menyebabkan pengguna bangunan menjadi tidak nyaman. Agar besar lendutan yang terjadi tidak bertambah parah maka perlu adanya solusi perbaikan. Pemecahan permasalahan yang terjadi dilakukan melalui survei lapangan untuk mengetahui besarnya lendutan yang terjadi, melakukan analisis kekuatan pelat dalam menahan beban dengan program SAP2000 berdasarkan peraturan SNI 03-2847-2002 dan menghitung perkuatan struktur lentur yang diperlukan oleh pelat dan balok berdasarkan metode LRFD yang berpedoman pada peraturan SNI 03-1729-2002. Hasil perhitungan terdapat 5 lokasi pelat yang mengalami penurunan dengan besar masing-masing pelat yaitu 5,3 cm; 6,8 cm; 8 cm; 6,9 cm dan 10,9 cm. Kemudian besar beban maksimal yang masih dapat bekerja untuk pelat II yaitu 350 kg, untuk pelat IV yaitu 300 kg, untuk pelat V yaitu < 240 kg. Jenis dan dimensi perkuatan yang digunakan pada pelat adalah profil baja WF 125 x 60 BJ 37, sedangkan pada balok yaitu profil baja WF 150 x 150 BJ 37.

Kata Kunci: lendutan, beban maksimal, perkuatan struktur.
Kajian Ulang Dimensi Saluran Pembuang Sungai Cipegadungan di Jababeka Kabupaten Bekasi
Authors: Luwardi Luwardi , Sylviana Rika , Yulius Elma
Published: July 2019

Genangan air atau banjir dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Sungai Cipegadungan merupakan sungai yang menampung dari beberapa saluran drainase sehingga perlu dilakukan pengkajian ulang terhadap daya tampung dan dimensinya. Kajian ulang Sungai Cipegadungan pada penelitian ini dengan observasi langsung di lapangan dan menganalisa data curah hujan dengan menggunakan persamaan distribusi Log Normal. Daerah kajian meliputi 5 (lima) ruas slauran, saluran A, saluran B, saluran c, saluran D dan saluran E, dengan debit yang didapatkan antara 175-639 m3/det. Dengan metode rasional untuk daerah industri dan koefesien aliran maksimum 0,9 sebagai dasar perhitungan debit rencana. Perhitungan periode ulang yang digunakan dalam perhitungan kajian ini dalam kala ulang 10 tahun. Perhitungan dimensi saluran A dengan lebar = 12,199 m, tinggi = 12,199 m dan tinggi jagaan = 2,112 m; dimensi saluran B dengan lebar = 9,901 m, tinggi = 10,625 m dan tinggi jagaan = 2,125 m; dimensi saluran C dengan lebar = 12,269 m, tinggi = 10,625 m dan tinggi jagaan = 2,125 m; dimensi saluran D dengan lebar = 11,947 m, tinggi = 10,346 m dan tinggi jagaan = 2,069 m dan dimensi saluran E dengan lebar = 13,013 m, tinggi = 11,270 m dan tinggi jagaan = 2,254 m

Kata kunci: curah hujan, dimensi saluran, debit banjir
Historic Approaches to Sonic Encounter at the Berlin Wall Memorial
Authors: Jordan Pamela
Published: July 2019

Investigations of historic soundscapes must analyze and place results within a complex framework of contemporary and past contexts. However, the conscious use and presentation of historic built environments are factors that require more deliberate attention in historic soundscape analysis. The following paper presents a multimodal research methodology and promising preliminary results from a study at the Berlin Wall Memorial in Berlin, Germany. Here, the historic context from the Wall’s recent past is presented within the surroundings of the contemporary unified capital city. The study approached the past soundscape and present site by combining historic and current-conditions research, linking archival research, conditions assessments via binaural recording and psychoacoustics analysis tools, and soundscape surveys rooted in standardized soundscape research practices. In so doing, archival textual and pictorial sources provided a rich source of primary information integrated within the study and are suggested as a resource for similar inquiries elsewhere. The investigation identified concerns specific to heritage sites that require critical consideration for historic soundscape research of the recent past—survey-participant composition and the problematized use of typical descriptors in soundscape surveys are the two concerns that are discussed. Some standardized soundscape terminology and research methodologies were found to be insufficient in historic contexts. Initial qualitative results from the research are presented as a proof of concept for the research approach with signposts for future analysis and developments.
Effects of Water Stress on Gas Exchange, Water Relations and Leaf Structure in Two Ornamental Shrubs in the Mediterranean Area
Authors: Tribulato Alessandro , Toscano Stefania , Di Lorenzo Virginia , Romano Daniela
Published: July 2019

One of the main problems in the Mediterranean area is the long dry season, and hence there is a need to individuate plants that are tolerant to low water availability. The mechanisms adopted by different plant species to overcome drought stress conditions and reduce water loss could allow the identification of tolerant species to drought stress, thereby increasing the sustainability of ornamental plant utilization in green areas. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the morphological, physiological, and anatomical responses of Polygala myrtifolia L. and Viburnum tinus L. ‘Lucidum’ irrigated under different irrigation deficits. In pot plants, four water regimes were adopted (10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of water container capacity (WC)). Drought stress significantly reduced the biomass accumulation in both shrubs. In Viburnum, total dry biomass reduction was observed only in 10% WC with a reduction by 33%, while in Polygala, this was observed both in 20% WC and 10% WC (~48%). The higher deficit irrigation conditions improve the root-to-shoot ratio, which was increased in Polygala 20% WC (by 20%) but not in Viburnum ones. The latter species shows higher drought tolerance, as demonstrated by the gas exchange values, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf structure, and water relationship.
Severe Type of Minocycline-Induced Hyperpigmentation Mimicking Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in a Bullous Pemphigoid Patient
Authors: Wu Meng-Yu , Hou Yueh-Tseng , Yiang Giou-Teng , Tsai Andy Po-Yi , Lin Ching-Hsiang
Published: July 2019

Minocycline is a tetracycline group antibiotic that is known to cause significant antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. Minocycline has been widely used to treat systemic infection, acne, dermatitis, and rosacea. However, various dose-related side effects of hyperpigmentation in whole body tissues have been reported. Three main types of minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation have been identified. In rare severe hyperpigmentation cases, drug-induced hyperpigmentation can mimic local cellulitis or peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). These processes require different therapeutic strategies. Therefore, early diagnosis is extremely important for physicians to determine the etiology of the hyperpigmentation, and subsequently discontinue the minocycline if indicated. We describe a rare case presenting a severe form of type III minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation mimicking peripheral arterial occlusive disease in a bullous pemphigoid patient.
Influence of Variation/Response Space Complexity and Variable Completeness on BP-ANN Model Establishment: Case Study of Steel Ladle Lining
Authors: Hou Aidong , Jin Shengli , Gruber Dietmar , Harmuth Harald
Published: July 2019

Artificial neural network (ANN) is widely applied as a predictive tool to solve complex problems. The performance of an ANN model is significantly affected by the applied architectural parameters such as the node number in a hidden layer, which is largely determined by the complexity of cases, the quality of the dataset, and the sufficiency of variables. In the present study, the impact of variation/response space complexity and variable completeness on backpropagation (BP) ANN model establishment was investigated, with a steel ladle lining from secondary steel metallurgy as the case study. The variation dataset for analysis comprised 160 lining configurations of ten variables. Thermal and thermomechanical responses were obtained via finite element (FE) modeling with elastic material behavior. Guidelines were proposed to define node numbers in the hidden layer for each response as a function of the node number in the input layer weighted with the percent value of the significant variables contributing above 90% to the response, as well as the node number in the output layer. The minimum numbers of input variables required to achieve acceptable prediction performance were three, five, and six for the maximum compressive stress, the end temperature, and the maximum tensile stress.
Structural Reliability Estimation with Participatory Sensing and Mobile Cyber-Physical Structural Health Monitoring Systems
Authors: Ozer Ekin , Feng Maria Q.
Published: July 2019

With the help of community participants, smartphones can become useful wireless sensor network (WSN) components, form a self-governing structural health monitoring (SHM) system, and merge structural mechanics with participatory sensing and server computing. This paper presents a methodology and framework of such a cyber-physical system (CPS) that generates a bridge finite element model (FEM) integrated with vibration measurements from smartphone WSNs and centralized/distributed computational facilities, then assesses structural reliability based on updated FEMs. Structural vibration data obtained from smartphones are processed on a server to identify modal frequencies of an existing bridge. Without design drawings and supportive documentation but field measurements and observations, FEM of the bridge is drafted with uncertainties in the structural mass, stiffness, and boundary conditions (BCs). Then, 2700 FEMs are autonomously generated, and the baseline FEM is updated by minimizing the error between the crowdsourcing-based modal identification results and the FEM analysis. Furthermore, using 151 strong ground motion records from databases, the bridge response time history simulations are conducted to obtain displacement demand distribution. Finally, based on reference performance criteria, structural reliability of the bridge is estimated. Integrating the cyber (FEM analysis) and the physical (the bridge structure and measured vibration characteristics) worlds, this crowdsourcing-based CPS can provide a powerful tool for supporting rapid, remote, autonomous, and objective infrastructure-related decision-making. This study presents a new example of the emerging fourth industrial revolution from structural engineering and SHM perspective.
Determination of the Material Parameters in the Holzapfel-Gasser-Ogden Constitutive Model for Simulation of Age-Dependent Material Nonlinear Behavior for Aortic Wall Tissue under Uniaxial Tension
Authors: Huh Up , Lee Chung-Won , You Ji-Hun , Song Chan-Hee , Lee Chi-Seung , Ryu Dong-Man
Published: July 2019

In this study, computational simulations and experiments were performed to investigate the mechanical behavior of the aorta wall because of the increasing occurrences of aorta-related diseases. The study focused on the deformation and strength of porcine and healthy human abdominal aortic tissues under uniaxial tensile loading. The experiments for the mechanical behavior of the arterial tissue were conducted using a uniaxial tensile test apparatus to validate the simulation results. In addition, the strength and stretching of the tissues in the abdominal aorta of a healthy human as a function of age were investigated based on the uniaxial tensile tests. Moreover, computational simulations using the ABAQUS finite element analysis program were conducted on the experimental scenarios based on age, and the Holzapfel–Gasser–Ogden (HGO) model was applied during the simulation. The material parameters and formulae to be used in the HGO model were proposed to identify the failure stress and stretch correlation with age.
The Girl with the Golden Wreath: Four Perspectives on a Mummy Portrait
Authors: Barr Judith , ten Berge Clara M. , van Daal Jan M. , van Oppen de Ruiter Branko F.
Published: July 2019

A mummy portrait of a young woman with a golden wreath is part of the archaeological collection of the Allard Pierson Museum in Amsterdam. This portrait is covered by four authors, each from their separate perspective, namely provenance research, technical examination, museum presentation, and diversity education. Provenance research is significant not only for tracing the second-life biography of the panel, but also for assessing its bona fide authenticity. Non-invasive examinations can help identify possible underlayers, pigments and modern restorations. Museological aspects concern the contextualization of the portrait, not only as a funerary artefact, but also as an expression of physical appearance. Educational programs can be implemented to illustrate to museum visitors the relevance of ancient artefacts for modern society.
Kitchen Area Air Quality Measurements in Northern Ghana: Evaluating the Performance of a Low-Cost Particulate Sensor within a Household Energy Study
Authors: Coffey Evan R. , Pfotenhauer David , Mukherjee Anondo , Agao Desmond , Moro Ali , Dalaba Maxwell , Begay Taylor , Banacos Natalie , Oduro Abraham , Dickinson Katherine L. , Hannigan Michael P.
Published: July 2019

Household air pollution from the combustion of solid fuels is a leading global health and human rights concern, affecting billions every day. Instrumentation to assess potential solutions to this problem faces challenges—especially related to cost. A low-cost ($159) particulate matter tool called the Household Air Pollution Exposure (HAPEx) Nano was evaluated in the field as part of the Prices, Peers, and Perceptions cookstove study in northern Ghana. Measurements of temperature, relative humidity, absolute humidity, and carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide concentrations made at 1-min temporal resolution were integrated with 1-min particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) measurements from the HAPEx, within 62 kitchens, across urban and rural households and four seasons totaling 71 48-h deployments. Gravimetric filter sampling was undertaken to ground-truth and evaluate the low-cost measurements. HAPEx baseline drift and relative humidity corrections were investigated and evaluated using signals from paired HAPEx, finding significant improvements. Resulting particle coefficients and integrated gravimetric PM2.5 concentrations were modeled to explore drivers of variability; urban/rural, season, kitchen characteristics, and dust (a major PM2.5 mass constituent) were significant predictors. The high correlation (R2 = 0.79) between 48-h mean HAPEx readings and gravimetric PM2.5 mass (including other covariates) indicates that the HAPEx can be a useful tool in household energy studies.
On the Spectra of Gravity Waves Generated by Two Typical Convective Systems
Authors: Wang Yuan , Zhang Lifeng , Peng Jun , Zhang Yun , Wei Tongfeng
Published: July 2019

Spectral characteristics of lower-stratospheric gravity waves generated in idealized mei-yu front and tropical cyclone (TC) are compared by performing high-resolution simulations. The results suggest that the systems which organize convection in different forms can generate waves with distinctly different presentation. The mei-yu front appears as a linear zonal wave source and gravity waves are dominated by cross-frontal (meridional) propagating components. The northward (southward) components have dominant meridional wavelengths of 125–333 km (>250 km), periods of 100–200 min (83–143 min), and phase speeds of 0–15 m s−1 (15–20 m s−1). The TC appears as a point wave source and gravity waves propagate equally in various horizontal directions. The waves exhibit greater power and broader spectral distributions compared with those in the mei-yu front, with dominant horizontal wavelengths longer than 62.5 km, periods of 33–600 min, and phase speeds slower than ~40 m s−1.
Domain-Specific Expectations in Music Segmentation
Authors: Silva Susana , Dias Carolina , Castro São Luís
Published: July 2019

The acoustic cues that guide the assignment of phrase boundaries in music (pauses and pitch movements) overlap with those that are known for speech prosody. Based on this, researchers have focused on highlighting the similarities and neural resources shared between music and speech prosody segmentation. The possibility that music-specific expectations add to acoustic cues in driving the segmentation of music into phrases could weaken this bottom-up view, but it remains underexplored. We tested for domain-specific expectations in music segmentation by comparing the segmentation of the same set of ambiguous stimuli under two different instructions: stimuli were either presented as speech prosody or as music. We measured how segmentation differed, in each instruction group, from a common reference (natural speech); thus, focusing on how instruction affected delexicalization effects (natural speech vs. transformed versions with no phonetic content) on segmentation. We saw interactions between delexicalization and instruction on most segmentation indices, suggesting that there is a music mode, different from a speech prosody mode in segmentation. Our findings highlight the importance of top-down influences in segmentation, and they contribute to rethinking the analogy between music and speech prosody.
In-Vitro and In-Vivo Establishment and Characterization of Bioluminescent Orthotopic Chemotherapy-Resistant Human Osteosarcoma Models in NSG Mice
Authors: Marques da Costa Maria Eugénia , Marchais Antonin , Gomez-Brouchet Anne , Job Bastien , Assoun Noémie , Daudigeos-Dubus Estelle , Fromigué Olivia , Santos Conceição , Geoerger Birgit , Gaspar Nathalie
Published: July 2019

Osteosarcoma, the most common bone malignancy with a peak incidence at adolescence, had no survival improvement since decades. Persistent problems are chemo-resistance and metastatic spread. We developed in-vitro osteosarcoma models resistant to chemotherapy and in-vivo bioluminescent orthotopic cell-derived-xenografts (CDX). Continuous increasing drug concentration cultures in-vitro resulted in five methotrexate (MTX)-resistant and one doxorubicin (DOXO)-resistant cell lines. Resistance persisted after drug removal except for MG-63. Different resistance mechanisms were identified, affecting drug transport and action mechanisms specific to methotrexate (RFC/SCL19A1 decrease, DHFR up-regulation) for MTX-resistant lines, or a multi-drug phenomenon (PgP up-regulation) for HOS-R/DOXO. Differential analysis of copy number abnormalities (aCGH) and gene expression (RNAseq) revealed changes of several chromosomic regions translated at transcriptomic level depending on drug and cell line, as well as different pathways implicated in invasive and metastatic potential (e.g., Fas, Metalloproteinases) and immunity (enrichment in HLA cluster genes in 6p21.3) in HOS-R/DOXO. Resistant-CDX models (HOS-R/MTX, HOS-R/DOXO and Saos-2-B-R/MTX) injected intratibially into NSG mice behaved as their parental counterpart at primary tumor site; however, they exhibited a slower growth rate and lower metastatic spread, although they retained resistance and CGH main characteristics without drug pressure. These models represent valuable tools to explore resistance mechanisms and new therapies in osteosarcoma.
BRAF Mutation Status in Circulating Tumor DNA from Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Extended Mutation Analysis from the AGEO RASANC Study
Authors: Mas Leo , Bachet Jean-Baptiste , Taly Valerie , Bouché Olivier , Taieb Julien , Cohen Romain , Meurisse Aurelia , Normand Corinne , Gornet Jean-Marc , Artru Pascal , Louafi Samy , Thirot-Bidault Anne , Baumgaertner Isabelle , Coriat Romain , Tougeron David , Lecomte Thierry , Mary Florence , Aparicio Thomas , Marthey Lysiane , Blons Helene , Vernerey Dewi , Laurent-Puig Pierre
Published: July 2019

In patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), RAS and BRAF mutations are currently determined by tumor sample analysis. Here, we report BRAF mutation status analysis in paired tumor tissue and plasma samples of mCRC patients included in the AGEO RASANC prospective cohort study. Four hundred and twenty-five patients were enrolled. Plasma samples were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). When no mutation was identified, we used two methylated specific biomarkers (digital droplet PCR) to determine the presence or absence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Patients with conclusive ctDNA results were defined as those with at least one mutation or one methylated biomarker. The kappa coefficient and accuracy were 0.79 (95% CI: 0.67–0.91) and 97.3% (95% CI: 95.2–98.6%) between the BRAF status in plasma and tissue for patients with available paired samples (n = 405), and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80–0.99) and 98.5% (95% CI: 96.4–99.5%) for those with conclusive ctDNA (n = 323). The absence of liver metastasis was the main factor associated to inconclusive ctDNA results. In patients with liver metastasis, the kappa coefficient was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.81–1.00) and accuracy was 98.6% (95% CI, 96.5–99.6%). We demonstrate satisfying concordance between tissue and plasma BRAF mutation detection, especially in patients with liver metastasis, arguing for plasma ctDNA testing for routine BRAF mutation analysis in these patients.
The Role of Active Sites Location in Partial Oxidation of Methane to Syngas for MCM-41 Supported Ni Nanoparticles
Authors: Ding Chuanmin , Wang Junwen , Li Yufeng , Ma Qian , Ma Lichao , Guo Jing , Ma Zili , Liu Ping , Zhang Kan
Published: July 2019

The supporting modes of active metal over mesoporous materials play an important role in catalytic performance. The location of Ni nanoparticles inside or outside the mesoporous channel of MCM-41 has a significant influence on the reactivity in partial oxidation of methane to syngas reaction. The characterization data using different techniques (Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption, H2 Temperature-Programmed Reduction (H2-TPR), and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP)) indicated that nickel was located outside the mesoporous channels for the impregnation method (Ni/MCM-41), while nickel was encapsulated within MCM-41 via the one-step hydrothermal crystallization method (Ni-MCM-41). The nickel atoms were mainly dispersed predominantly inside the skeleton of zeolite. When the load amount of Ni increased, both of Ni species inside the skeleton or pore channel of zeolite increased, and the ordered structure of MCM-41 was destroyed gradually. Contributed by the strong interaction with MCM-41, the Ni particles of Ni-MCM-41 were highly dispersed with smaller particle size compared with supported Ni/MCM-41 catalyst. The Ni-MCM-41 displayed higher catalytic performance than Ni/MCM-41, especially 10% Ni-MCM-41 due to high dispersity of Ni. The confinement effect of MCM-41 zeolite also afforded high resistance of sintering and coking for 10% Ni-MCM-41 catalyst. Especially, 10% Ni-MCM-41 catalyst showed outstanding catalytic stability.
RhoA as a Key Regulator of Innate and Adaptive Immunity
Authors: Bros Matthias , Haas Katharina , Moll Lorna , Grabbe Stephan
Published: July 2019

RhoA is a ubiquitously expressed cytoplasmic protein that belongs to the family of small GTPases. RhoA acts as a molecular switch that is activated in response to binding of chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors, and via mDia and the ROCK signaling cascade regulates the activation of cytoskeletal proteins, and other factors. This review aims to summarize our current knowledge on the role of RhoA as a general key regulator of immune cell differentiation and function. The contribution of RhoA for the primary functions of innate immune cell types, namely neutrophils, macrophages, and conventional dendritic cells (DC) to (i) get activated by pathogen-derived and endogenous danger signals, (ii) migrate to sites of infection and inflammation, and (iii) internalize pathogens has been fairly established. In activated DC, which constitute the most potent antigen-presenting cells of the immune system, RhoA is also important for the presentation of pathogen-derived antigen and the formation of an immunological synapse between DC and antigen-specific T cells as a prerequisite to induce adaptive T cell responses. In T cells and B cells as the effector cells of the adaptive immune system Rho signaling is pivotal for activation and migration. More recently, mutations of Rho and Rho-modulating factors have been identified to predispose for autoimmune diseases and as causative for hematopoietic malignancies.
Manufacturing and Assessment of Electrospun PVP/TEOS Microfibres for Adsorptive Heat Transformers
Authors: Frontera Patrizia , Kumita Mikio , Malara Angela , Nishizawa Junya , Bonaccorsi Lucio
Published: July 2019

A new adsorbent coating for the adsorber unit of an adsorption heat pump made of hybrid, organic–inorganic microfibres was prepared and characterized. Different coatings were obtained by the electrospinning of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solutions added with different quantities of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). PVP is a polymer with water adsorption capability and the TEOS addition allowed to increase the thermal stability of microfibres. The aim, indeed, was to preserve the polymeric structure of microfibres in order to obtain coatings with high flexibility and mechanical strength. The results demonstrated that TEOS concentrations in the range of 5–13 wt.% produced microfibre coatings of non-woven textile structure with both good water affinity and good thermal stability. SEM images of coatings showed that the deposited microfibre layers have both a high surface area and a high permeability representing a significant advantage in adsorption systems.
Influence of MHD on Thermal Behavior of Darcy-Forchheimer Nanofluid Thin Film Flow over a Nonlinear Stretching Disc
Authors: Dawar Abdullah , Shah Zahir , Kumam Poom , Khan Waris , Islam Saeed
Published: July 2019

The aim of this research work is to increase our understanding of the exhaustion of energy in engineering and industrial fields. The study of nanofluids provides extraordinary thermal conductivity and an increased heat transmission coefficient compared to conventional fluids. These specific sorts of nanofluids are important for the succeeding generation of flow and heat transfer fluids. Therefore, the investigation of revolutionary new nanofluids has been taken up by researchers and engineers all over the world. In this article, the study of the thin layer flow of Darcy-Forchheimer nanofluid over a nonlinear radially extending disc is presented. The disc is considered as porous. The impacts of thermal radiation, magnetic field, and heat source/sink are especially focused on. The magnetic field, positive integer, porosity parameter, coefficient of inertia, and fluid layer thickness reduce the velocity profile. The Prandtl number and fluid layer thickness reduce the temperature profile. The heat source/sink, Eckert number, and thermal radiation increase the temperature profile. The suggested model is solved analytically by the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The analytical and numerical techniques are compared through graphs and tables, and have shown good agreement. The influences of embedded parameters on the flow problem are revealed through graphs and tables.
Electro-Optical Effects of a Color Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Device by Micro-Encapsulation with a Pigment-Doped Shell
Authors: Chen Chao , Kim Dae , Jhun Chul
Published: July 2019

Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) refer to nematic liquid crystals, which are embedded in a polymer matrix. A conventional PDLC device is fabricated by phase separation. However, this method leads to non-uniform electro-optical characteristics of the device due to the non-uniform size distribution of the liquid crystal droplets. Moreover, the PDLC device is switched between the transparent state and the scattering state so that a full color scheme is intrinsically impossible without a color filter. In this paper, a fabrication method for a color PDLC device with uniform size and shape for liquid crystal droplets is proposed. Droplets of a fairly uniform size in large quantities can be obtained by means of membrane emulsification. Microcapsules are fabricated by complex coacervation with gelatin and gum arabic. By adding red, green, and blue pigments, color microcapsules are obtained. The electro-optical effects of the fabricated color PDLC devices are also demonstrated. The driving voltage of the device is 90 V, and the switching time is 8.3 ms. In the turn-on state, the measured hazes of red, green, and blue PDLC devices are 16.89%, 15.82%, and 18.55%, respectively, while in the turn-off state, the measured hazes of those devices are 65.21%, 67.32%, and 70.76%, respectively.
Marine Fungi: Biotechnological Perspectives from Deep-Hypersaline Anoxic Basins
Authors: Barone Giulio , Varrella Stefano , Tangherlini Michael , Rastelli Eugenio , Dell’Anno Antonio , Danovaro Roberto , Corinaldesi Cinzia
Published: July 2019

Deep-sea hypersaline anoxic basins (DHABs) are one of the most hostile environments on Earth. Even though DHABs have hypersaline conditions, anoxia and high hydrostatic pressure, they host incredible microbial biodiversity. Among eukaryotes inhabiting these systems, recent studies demonstrated that fungi are a quantitatively relevant component. Here, fungi can benefit from the accumulation of large amounts of organic material. Marine fungi are also known to produce bioactive molecules. In particular, halophilic and halotolerant fungi are a reservoir of enzymes and secondary metabolites with valuable applications in industrial, pharmaceutical, and environmental biotechnology. Here we report that among the fungal taxa identified from the Mediterranean and Red Sea DHABs, halotolerant halophilic species belonging to the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium can be used or screened for enzymes and bioactive molecules. Fungi living in DHABs can extend our knowledge about the limits of life, and the discovery of new species and molecules from these environments can have high biotechnological potential.
Educational Attainment Better Reduces Disability for Non-Hispanic than Hispanic Americans
Authors: Assari Shervin , Bazargan Mohsen
Published: July 2019

Objectives: Minorities’ Diminished Returns (MDRs) refers to the weaker protective health effects of socioeconomic status (SES) for minorities, particularly educational attainment for racial and ethnic minorities, compared to the general population. This pattern has been documented among African-Americans compared to Whites, however, we know very little about MDRs for educational attainment on disability among Hispanics compared to Non-Hispanic Whites. Aims: This cross-sectional study explored ethnic variation in the effects of educational attainment on severity of disability in the United States of America (USA). Materials and Methods: The 2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) was a national survey of the general population in the USA. The total sample was 1021 American adults that reported some disability. Of the 1021 participants, 855 identified as Non-Hispanic and 165 identified as Hispanic. The independent variable was educational attainment. The main outcome was severity of disability measured using self-reported data. Age, gender, and race were covariates. Ethnicity was the effect modifier. Results: Among individuals with a disability, higher levels of educational attainment were associated with fewer disabilities, independent of all confounders. When ethnicity and educational attainment were interacted on severity of disability, the results indicated a smaller protective effect for Hispanics than for Non-Hispanics with a disability. Ethnicity-stratified models showed an effect for Non-Hispanics but not for Hispanics. Conclusions: The protective effects of educational attainment against severity of disability are smaller for Hispanics than for Non-Hispanics. To prevent health disparities, there is a need to minimize MDRs of SES for ethnic minorities. To do so, there is a need for innovative economic, public, and social policies that are not limited to equalizing educational attainment but that also help minorities leverage their resources and gain tangible outcomes.
Authentic Leadership and Creativity: Moderated Meditation Model of Resilience and Hope in the Health Sector
Authors: Anwar Aizza , Abid Ghulam , Waqas Ali
Published: July 2019

Authentic leaders are recognized as self-aware individuals who act according to their values and beliefs in the organization. Most of the studies have acknowledged the positive impact of authentic leaders on followers. However, the characteristics of an authentic leader, such as making decisions according to his/her own belief system, might negatively affect the followers. The current study aims to investigate the relationship of authenthic leadership/leaders (AL) and creativity through the mediating role of resilience. In this study, data were collected from 172 nurses working at public hospitals using a three-wave, time-lagged study design. The findings show that authentic leadership significantly predicts hope among employees. A hopeful individual positively reflects creativity in the workplace and also mediates the relationship between authentic leadership and creativity at workplace. These results report that authentic leadership impacts hope in a positive manner; thereby, increasing the level of creativity of nurses at the workplace. The study also highlights that if a resilient nurse is supervised by an authentic leader, it decreases hope and eventually creativity at work. The paper elaborates theoretical and practical implications for the health care sector along with limitations and direction for future research.
A n-out-of-n Sharing Digital Image Scheme by Using Color Palette
Authors: Yang Ching-Nung , Sun Qin-Dong , Liu Yan-Xiao , Wu Ci-Ming
Published: July 2019

A secret image sharing (SIS) scheme inserts a secret message into shadow images in a way that if shadow images are combined in a specific way, the secret image can be recovered. A 2-out-of-2 sharing digital image scheme (SDIS) adopts a color palette to share a digital color secret image into two shadow images, and the secret image can be recovered from two shadow images, while any one shadow image has no information about the secret image. This 2-out-of-2 SDIS may keep the shadow size small because by using a color palette, and thus has advantage of reducing storage. However, the previous works on SDIS are just 2-out-of-2 scheme and have limited functions. In this paper, we take the lead to study a general n-out-of-n SDIS which can be applied on more than two shadow. The proposed SDIS is implemented on the basis of 2-out-of-2 SDIS. Our main contribution has the higher contrast of binary meaningful shadow and the larger region in color shadows revealing cover image when compared with previous 2-out-of-2 SDISs. Meanwhile, our SDIS is resistant to colluder attack.