bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal incidence of apple leaf miner (Lyonetia clerkella (L., 1758), Lepidoptera, Lyonetiidae) in Kashmir, India
Authors: RATHER Sumiulah , BUHROO Abdul A. , KHANDAY Abdul Lateef
Published: June 2020

The seasonal incidence of apple leaf miner (Lyonetia clerkella [L., 1758], Lepidoptera, Lyonetiidae) was investigated in four districts of Kashmir valley from March 2015 to April 2016. The prevalence of infestation was found higher in Srinagar (70.6 %) and Bandipora (65.3 %) as compared to Pulwama (9.3 %) and Baramulla (6.6 %). Infestation  intensity was  found  at  its  peak  during  the  month of May (2015) in all the four districts. In Srinagar, the percent infestation intensity during May (2015) was found to be 58.69 % (± 11.46 SD), while as in Bandipora, Pulwama and Baramulla, it was found as 55.71 % (± 12.59 SD), 6.04 % (± 1.97 SD) and 4.27 % (± 1.12 SD) respectively. Infestation of intensity was observed to decline linearly from the first week of June (2015) and disappeared completely with the beginning of winter season. Further, seven generations of L. clerkella were found under laboratory conditions. The1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th generations completed in 39, 40, 37, 39, 45 and 48 days respectively. However, final generation (7th) was found relatively longer in duration, extended from the 4th week of September (2015) till April of the following year (2016) for about 204 days. In general, the life cycle of L. clerkella is similar to those described for other leaf miner species.
Estragole-rich essential oil of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) as an eco-friendly alternative to the synthetic insecticides in management of two stored-products insect pests
Authors: EBADOLLAHI Asgar
Published: June 2020

The lesser grain borer [Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius, 1792)] and the red flour beetle [Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797)] are among the cosmopolitan damaging pests on several stored-products. The overuse of chemical pesticides in the control of such pests caused several side-effects including environmental contaminations, human health problems, and insect pests' resistance. In this circumstance, researchers have focused on safe and effective alternatives to chemical pesticides. In the present study, the insecticidal efficiency of essential oil extracted from the summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) was assessed on the R. dominica and T. castaneum adults. The chemical profile of essential oil was evaluated through a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, in which estragole, β-ocimene and d-limonene were the main components. The essential oil had considerable fumigant toxicity on insect pests. The mortality of insects was dependent on the essential oil concentration and exposure time. Probit analysis indicated that R. dominica with low LC50 values (Lethal Concentration to kill 50 % of tested insects) was more susceptible than T. castaneum. Accordingly, S. hortensis essential oil with a high level of phenylpropanoid and terpenic compounds can be recommended as an efficient and natural alternative to the detrimental chemicals in the management of R. dominica and T. castaneum.
The California Missions: Public Attitudes Toward Perceived Authenticity, Sacredness, and Uses of Historic Religious Sites
Authors: Levi Daniel
Published: June 2020

Psychological research can be used to understand people’s perceptions and attitudes toward historic environments. Understanding the public’s attitudes toward historic sites can help to improve decisions about the preservation and management of these places. This paper reviews a series of studies examining three historic Catholic Missions in central California: Missions San Miguel, San Luis Obispo, and La Purisima. These missions have very different histories and uses. Mission San Miguel is one of the best preserved of the California Missions; however, its fragility limits use of the Mission by its parish. Mission San Luis Obispo has been substantially rebuilt over the years; it has an active parish and is a focal point for tourism in the city. Mission La Purisima was destroyed by an earthquake in the 1800s and rebuilt as a WPA project in the 1930s. It is currently a state historic park located in a rural setting. The research on these missions examined perceptions of authenticity and sacredness of the places. These perceptions were linked to attitudes about appropriate uses of the missions (for example, the appropriateness of tourism) and how the missions should be managed.
DOCUMENTING, RESEARCHING AND PROMOTING URBAN HISTORY IN UKRAINE: EXPERIENCES OF THE CENTER FOR URBAN HISTORY IN LVIV
Authors: Dyak Sofia , Sklokina Iryna
Published: June 2020

The article presents establishing and developing the Center for Urban History in Lviv as a part of the larger trend to promote and institutionalize urban history and urban studies in Ukraine and Eastern Europe. Discussing founding ideas and program, as well as their further implementation gives an insight into academic as well as public landscapes of urban research, both locally and internationally. The Center was founded in 2004 as a private foundation in Vienna and two years later, in 2006, the office was established in Lviv to launch its program activities. Major objectives of the Center are to promote research on the history of cities and towns in Eastern and Central Europe; to advance urban history as an interdisciplinary field and a platform for international cooperation; to enhance critical understanding of urban history and heritage in cooperation with local and international institutions; to engage into contemporary cultural life in the city and thus contribute to public and open engagement with the past. Three major focuses of work of the Center were gradually shaped and now they include research, digital archiving, digital and public history.

While initially many projects focused on Lviv, expanding geographical scope was part of the development of the institution.Therefore, presently, the interests include various urban experiences, such as of historical cities, Soviet cities, industrial and mono-industrial, multiethnic cities, as well as the cities surviving conflicts and violent transformations. Over the 10 years of its activities, the Center has become both the institution to conduct research and an instrumental actor to transform symbolic spaces of Lviv, the place for discussions and presentation of results of other studies and initiatives, a platform for informal educational practices and a laboratory to develop new ways of contextualizing, representing and using different archival media and  documents. Different formats such as schools, conferences, workshops, seminars, lectures, presentations and round tables, exhibitions, interactive maps, digitalization and promotion of collections of photo and video materials, and educational programs for children and adults constitute our program activities and help engaging broader academic and non-academic audiences into a dialogue to promote participatory historical culture in Ukraine.
Pemodelan Pola Arus Barotropik Musiman 3 Dimensi (3D) Untuk Mensimulasikan Fenomena Upwelling di Perairan Indonesia
Authors: Mustikasari Eva , Dewi Lestari Cendikia , Heriati Aida , Pranowo Widodo Setiyo
Published: June 2020

Pemodelan arus barotropik musiman tiga dimensi dilakukan untuk mensimulasikan fenomena upwelling di Perairan Indonesia. Pemetaan upwelling berguna sebagai tahap awal dalam mengetahui  daerah potensial penangkapan ikan. Model hidrodinamika yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah finite volume. Skenario model berupa domain dalam sepuluh lapisan kolom air (equidistant) dengan pembangkit arus berupa angin dan pasang surut. Gaya coriolis dimasukkan dalam perhitungan karena model memiliki domain yang luas. Simulasi dilakukan untuk Januari, April, Agustus dan Oktober 2007. Pola arus tiga dimensi (u, v, w) dan elevasi setiap jam didapat sebagai keluaran. Komponen positif arus vertikal, w, dirata-ratakan sepanjang bulan per elemen kolom air, kemudian di-plot menjadi peta upwelling. Pola arus hasil simulasi dapat menggambarkan eksistensi Halmahera Eddy, Mindanao Eddy, South Java Current, Coastal Kelvin Wave (diduga) dan Arus Lintas Indonesia. Validasi yang baik ditunjukkan dengan RMS error elevasi relatif rendah, pada dua stasiun buoy DART di wilayah studi, yaitu 5,8542x10-2m – 1,1735x10-1m. Upwelling pada Musim Barat terjadi di Indonesia Timur (perairan Busur Banda, Laut Maluku, Laut Seram, Selat Ujung Pandang, Teluk Tomini, Teluk Tolo, Teluk Bone). Upwelling mulai muncul di selatan Jawa, sedangkan di Indonesia Timur menjadi berkurang pada Musim Peralihan I. Pada Musim Timur, upwelling mulai muncul dari selatan Jawa sampai barat Sumatera Barat dan menguat di Indonesia Timur. Pada Musim Peralihan II, upwelling meluas ke arah barat sampai perairan Pulau Simeuleu, sedangkan di Indonesia Timur berkurang dibandingkan Musim Timur.
Prevalence of polymorphisms in N-acetyltransferase 2 gene among patients of Yakut ethnicity newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Krasnova Nataliya M. , Alekseeva Elizaveta A. , Rudykh Zoya A. , Chertovskykh Yana V. , Klimova Tatiana M. , Efremova Efrosiniya N. , Kravchenko Aleksandr F. , Val Natalia S. , Suvorova Olga A. , Suleymanov Salavat Sh. , Vengerovsky Aleksandr I. , Sychev Dmitry A.
Published: June 2020

Background. Tuberculosis therapy can lead to considerably dissimilar outcomes among individual patients. Some patients benefit from anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy leading to a desired therapeutic effect, while other patients show insufficient or absent response, or develop adverse side effects. Individual response to isoniazid is affected by mutations in the gene encoding N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2). Wide variations were observed in distributions of polymorphic NAT2 alleles in human populations depending on race, ethnicity, or geographical origin. No data are available to date on prevalence of NAT2 gene polymorphic variants and acetylation types in Yakut (Sakha) patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis.
Aims: the frequencies of NAT2 polymorphic SNPs as well isoniazid acetylation phenotypes were evaluated in the patients cohort of Yakut ethnicity with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The comparison with, other ethnic groups of Asian origin was done.
Methods. Cross-sectional study was conducted among Yakut patient cohorts with newly identified pulmonary tuberculosis. Using real-time PCR the following SNPs were explored: NAT2*5 (rs1801280, Т341С), NAT2*6 (rs1799930, G590A), NAT2*7 (rs1799931, G857A), NAT2*11 (rs1799929, C481T), NAT2*12 (rs1208, A803G), NAT2*13 (rs1041983, C282T). Genetically determined metabolic rates were calculated using NATpred online tool.
Results. NAT2 SNPs were assessed, namely *5, *6, *7, *11, *12, and *13. The most frequent in Yakut patients were NAT2*6 and NAT2*13 SNPs (40.9% and 64.4%, respectively). Significant differences were detected in frequencies of NAT2 *5, *11, *12 polymorphisms; all studied NAT2 gene polymorphisms showed meaningful differences in genotype and minor allele prevalence rates after comparison between Yakut population and other Mongoloid ethnic groups (populations of China, Japan, Vietnam). High prevalence of intermediate acetylation type among ethnic Yakuts (58.3%) was established.
Conclusions. Certain distinct differences in allelic variants of NAT2 gene and acetylation type prevalence in patients of Yakut ethnic origin newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis let conclude that the existing genotyping and phenotyping data from studies among other Mongoloid populations cannot be implicitly extrapolated on Yakut people. Pharmacogenetic data on individual response to drugs in Yakut patients should be made use of in clinical practice, to develop personalized isoniazid administration algorithms, with a final goal to make treatment more effective and safe.
EFECTOS DEL AISLAMIENTO SOCIAL EN EL SUEÑO DURANTE LA PANDEMIA COVID-19
Authors: Ramírez-Ortiz Jairo , Fontecha-Hernández Jeisson , Escobar-Córdoba Franklin
Published: June 2020

La pandemia por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es una emergencia de salud pública con impactos significativos en la salud mental de la población general. Tanto estudios en epidemias anteriores como los que se han desarrollo a la fecha evidencian una amplia gama de consecuencias psicosociales y múltiples síntomas psicológicos, dentro de los cuales resaltan las alteraciones en el patrón de sueño, de forma consistente en las publicaciones se ha registrado que cerca de una tercera parte de las personas que vivencian el aislamiento social presentan insomnio, siendo éste un predictor importante para el desarrollo de perturbaciones mentales con gran compromiso en la funcionalidad como trastornos de ansiedad, depresión y estrés postraumático. Este artículo de reflexión tiene por objetivo, describir los efectos en el sueño que pueden resultar del aislamiento social debido a la pandemia del COVID-19.
Latent Opinions Transfer Network for Target-Oriented Opinion Words Extraction
Authors: Wu Zhen , Zhao Fei , Dai Xin-Yu , Huang Shujian , Chen Jiajun
Published: June 2020

Target-oriented opinion words extraction (TOWE) is a new subtask of ABSA, which aims to extract the corresponding opinion words for a given opinion target in a sentence. Recently, neural network methods have been applied to this task and achieve promising results. However, the difficulty of annotation causes the datasets of TOWE to be insufficient, which heavily limits the performance of neural models. By contrast, abundant review sentiment classification data are easily available at online review sites. These reviews contain substantial latent opinions information and semantic patterns. In this paper, we propose a novel model to transfer these opinions knowledge from resource-rich review sentiment classification datasets to low-resource task TOWE. To address the challenges in the transfer process, we design an effective transformation method to obtain latent opinions, then integrate them into TOWE. Extensive experimental results show that our model achieves better performance compared to other state-of-the-art methods and significantly outperforms the base model without transferring opinions knowledge. Further analysis validates the effectiveness of our model.
Conflicting Levels of Engagement under the Interim Protection of Informal Land Rights Act and the Minerals and Petroleum Development Act: A Closer Look at the Xolobeni Community Dispute
Authors: Tlale Mpho Tsepiso
Published: June 2020

The South African customary land tenure system is currently administered in terms of the Interim Protection of Informal Land Rights Act 31 of 1996 (IPILRA). As the name suggests, this is a temporary measure to protect vulnerable customary land rights while awaiting permanent communal land tenure legislation. In terms of section 2(1) of the IPILRA, no person may be deprived of any informal right to land without his or her consent. This provision is subject to subsection (4) of the IPILRA, the Expropriation Act 63 of 1975 or any other law that provides for the expropriation of land rights. Accordingly, section 2(4) states that no one may be deprived of his or her informal rights in land unless it is through the Expropriation Act, any valid land expropriation legislation or through custom that is endorsed by a majority of the community members.

Nevertheless, the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) and the mineral right applicants habitually contravene this consent provision by not including the beneficiaries of the IPILRA in the mineral right application process. The DMR awards licences without the communities' consent because the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 (MPRDA) authorises it to act as the custodian of mineral resources on behalf of all South Africans. When an application for mineral rights is received, it is the DMR's duty as a custodian to ensure that all the requirements of the MPRDA have been complied with. These levels of engagement, consent under the IPILRA and consultation in terms of the MPRDA, form the basis of the analysis of the decision of Baleni v Minister of Mineral Resources. Although the court decided that the acceptable level of engagement is consent in terms of the IPILRA, this article argues that consultation and consent are not mutually exclusive, and hence require reading the two pieces of legislation together.
Quality of COVID-19 research in preprints: a meta-epidemiological study protocol v1
Authors: Kataoka Yuki , Oide Shiho , Ariie Takashi , Tsujimoto Yasushi , A. Furukawa Toshi
Published: June 2020

Background: No studies have comprehensively assessed the quality of studies related to COVID-19 in preprints [11]. Hence, we will conduct a meta-epidemiological study based on the following research question: Are the quality of COVID-19 RCT and SR articles in medRxiv lower than those indexed in PubMed? Methods: We will conduct a meta-epidemiological cross-sectional study. We will include randomized controlled trial articles and systematic review articles indexed in PubMed or MedRxiv from 1st January to 15th June 2020. We will include articles of COVID-19 patients or healthcare workers engaged in the care of COVID-19 patients. We will exclude study protocols. We will evaluate the characteristics of included studies, methodological quality, number of mentions on social networking sites (SNS), and citations. We will use chi-squared test, logistic regression analysis, and linear regression analysis as appropriate. Two-tailed p values will be considered statistically significant if less than 0.05. Ethical consideration: We will only use openly available data. There is no need to make ethical considerations.
Retornos salariales de los graduados del Programa de Economía de la Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca
Authors: Suarez Galeano Gladys LLanet , Vera Leyton José Marcos , Chávez Muñóz Nelson Manolo
Published: June 2020

La teoría del capital humano advierte, entre otras cosas, los beneficios económicos de la educación para la población que accede a mayores niveles de escolaridad. Así, a un mayor nivel de escolaridad se espera un crecimiento sustancial en los niveles de ingreso laborales; por tanto, es menester analizar la contribución que tiene el Programa de Economía de la Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca en el aumento de los ingresos laborales de sus egresados. Para lo cual, se realizó una exploración de posicionamiento laboral teniendo como referencia conceptual la teoría del capital humano desarrollada por Schultz (1961), y como referencia metodológica y empírica a Mincer (1974). El Programa de Economía actualmente cuenta con 539 egresados entre los periodos 2010- 2018, para este estudio se tomó una muestra de 226 graduados, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta de ingresos laborales. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que, ante un aumento en año adicional en el nivel de escolaridad, los retornos salariales para los hombres se incrementan en mayor proporción que los de las mujeres.
Análisis del conflicto colombiano a través de la fotografía de Jesús Abad Colorado
Authors: Briceño Candia Claudia , López Ramos Niyened Yesenia , Garzón Cecilia
Published: June 2020

Este artículo informa sobre un reporte de caso que examinó el uso de la fotografía como método pedagógico para la formación en derechos humanos. A través de una serie de piezas del fotógrafo Jesús Abad Colorado un grupo de 17 participantes señalaron sus reflexiones y la experiencia como observadores, para relacionarlo con elementos semióticos peircianos y el discurso del Amo en Hegel y Lacan. Los hallazgos asociados con las descripciones de las imágenes indican que se evidenciaron habilidades de los estudiantes, como ejercicio de innovación pedagógica, usando piezas fotográficas, para promover procesos experienciales de aprendizaje significativo y el fortalecimiento de la fundamentación en derechos humanos.
Cinética de Impregnación a Vacío de Paralelepípedos de Cidra (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) con Formulaciones de Mora y Uva
Authors: Duque Cifuentes Alba Lucia , Mejía Doria Clara María , Fernández Parra Jennifer
Published: June 2020

La cidra Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw., se encuentra entre los alimentos con bajo contenido de grasa y alto contenido en fibra, vitaminas y minerales y puede ser utilizada como vehículo para la adición de compuestos bioactivos. El proceso de impregnación a vacío (IV) se utiliza como alternativa para la conservación y adición de compuestos bioactivos y solutos, mejorando las características nutricionales y sensoriales, para realizar este proceso se utilizaron los frutos de mora y uva por su atractivo color, jugosidad, sabor agradable y alto contenido de vitaminas, minerales y compuestos fenólicos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la cinética de impregnación a vacío de paralelepípedos de cidra en formulaciones de mora y uva. Se prepararon cinco formulaciones % v/v con pulpa de mora y uva (A:100% mora, B:100% uva, C: 25% mora/75% uva, D:50% mora/50%uva, E:75% uva/25% mora), la cidra se troceó en geometría de paralelepípedos y se sumergieron en las formulaciones para realizar la IV aplicando un pulso de vacío de 50 mbar los primeros 5 min seguido de restauración de la presión atmosférica durante 5 min; este procedimiento se repitió hasta alcanzar peso constante. Las muestras de cidra alcanzaron el equilibrado entre 100 y 120 min de tratamiento. La formulación D fue la que mejor respondió a este sistema de presiones, ya que los paralelepípedos presentaron menor pérdida de peso lo que indica mayor ganancia de solutos.
Análisis clínico y citogenético de un caso de trastorno del desarrollo sexual testicular XX con SRY negativo
Authors: Salgado Perla Cristina , Ramírez Adriana del Pilar , Gallo Orjuela Diana Marcela , Garzón Carlos Alberto , Ladino Yaqueline , Beltrán Orietta Ivonne
Published: June 2020

El trastorno del desarrollo sexual (tds) testicular XX es una patología que se presenta en un individuo con cariotipo 46,XX con un fenotipo anatómico de genitales externos masculinos, que pueden variar desde la normalidad hasta la ambigüedad genital. Clínicamente se han descrito dos subgrupos de hombres 46,XX con SRY-negativos y SRY-positivos, dependiendo de la presencia o no del gen SRY que normalmente se encuentra en cromosoma y participando en la determinación testicular. En este artículo se describen los antecedentes personales y los hallazgos clínicos de un infante con anomalías de meato urinario en el cual se identificó un complemento cromosómico 46,XX. También, se realizó hibridación in situ fluorescente en linfocitos de sangre periférica que demostró la ausencia del gen SRY y confirmó la presencia de dos cromosomas X.
Oxypaeoniflorin improves myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating the Sirt1/Foxo1 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Kai , Hu Wei
Published: June 2020

Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury is a leading cause of damage to cardiac tissues and is associated with high mortality and disability rates worldwide. Oxypaeoniflorin (OPA) has been found to be the main constituent of Paeonia veitchii Lynch. This study was conducted to explore the effect of OPA on MI/R injury and its potential mechanism. An in vivo MI/R injury model was established by transient coronary ligation in BALB/c mice, and an in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury model was established with rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells. Echocardiographic assessments demonstrated that OPA significantly reduced disruption of cardiac function and improved the indicators of ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results suggested that OPA significantly reduced the release of myocardial infarction-related factors, such as the creatine kinase (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT). Additionally, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining demonstrated that OPA markedly inhibited the myocardial apoptosis and necrosis caused by MI/R. Consistently, the results obtained from the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assays revealed that OPA obviously reversed the H/R-induced decrease in cell activity and increase in apoptosis of H9c2 cells. Furthermore, western blot assays indicated that OPA inhibited apoptosis by activating the Sirt1 (silent information regulator factor 2 related enzyme 1)/Foxo1(forkhead transcription factor FKHR) signaling pathway in myocardial tissues and H9c2 cells. Collectively, these novel findings are the first to provide strong evidence that OPA attenuates MI/R injury by activating the Sirt1 (silent information regulator factor 2 related enzyme 1)/Foxo1(forkhead transcription factor FKHR) signaling-mediated anti-apoptotic pathway.
O que foi discutido e pesquisado no Grupo de Discussão e Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental e contexto escolar (GDP) do EPEA-2019?
Authors: Domingos Patrícia , Do Nascimento Silva Silvana
Published: June 2020

O texto traz a análise dos artigos do GDP – EA e contexto escolar do EPEA/2019 e investiga as vozes dos partícipes, sujeitos histórico-sociais que labutam nas escolas e universidades públicas brasileiras. A pesquisa foi qualitativa, emergindo, da análise textual discursiva, as seguintes categorias: 1) características dos artigos: a) identificação: as instituições dos pesquisadores são das regiões Sul, Sudeste, Nordeste e Norte do Brasil, b) local, partícipes e objetos pesquisados: locais mais pesquisados são escolas públicas e os partícipes são estudantes e professores, c) natureza e tipo de pesquisa: abordagem qualitativa do tipo teórica, descritiva, pesquisa-ação... d) coleta de dados: entrevistas, questionários, observações... e) análise de dados: análise de conteúdo, análise textual discursiva, análise de discurso... Os aspectos principais, oriundos das vozes dos partícipes, nas discussões do GDP foram: a) relação universidade-escola e b) desenvolvimento da EA Crítica na escola.
Smart Lumini: A Smart Lighting System for Academic Environments Using IOT-Based Open-Source Hardware
Authors: González-Amarillo Carlos Andrés , Cárdenas-García Cristian Leonardo , Caicedo-Muñoz Julián Andrés , Mendoza-Moreno Miguel Angel
Published: June 2020

Rational energy consumption in large buildings depends on both the users' consumption culture and the management systems implemented. In Colombia, few buildings have an energy management system characterized by its adaptability to the user and with a certain degree of intelligence. Thus, this document describes the summarized research process for the development of an Internet of Things (IoT) system, which has been designed to promote an intelligent lighting service in an academic environment. The IoT system orchestrates a series of sensors, monitoring systems and controlled actions, all based on the principle of making the system functions and consumption records available in real-time, via web services. The devices used are "Things" with improved functionality, becoming "Smart Things" within the IoT paradigm. Methodologically, an experimental process was followed, linking the development of electronic tools, the construction of services, and the development of interfaces for a pleasant user experience. Research contributes to two essential areas: intelligent buildings, through the intelligent adaptation of an environment; and sustainability and eco-innovation, since the system provides appropriate information for environmental education, in terms of real-time energy consumption, that impacts directly on the fair-use culture of a service expensive for the environment.
Corredores y territorios estratégicos del conflicto armado colombiano: una prioridad por territorializar en la geopolítica de los actores armados / Strategic corridors and territories in the colombian armed conflict: a priority for territorializing for
Authors: Salas Salazar Luis Gabriel
Published: June 2020

Los recientes estudios e investigaciones del conflicto armado en Colombia han hecho referencia a la posible existencia de corredores y territorios estratégicos, no obstante, no han ofrecido evidencias concretas de su existencia, ni mucho menos han logrado caracterizar su territorialidad. El trabajo investigativo que aquí se presenta tuvo como objetivo analizar e interpretar la dinámica de las territorialidades de los corredores y territorios estratégicos de los actores del conflicto armado colombiano, en el periodo 1990-2009, desde una perspectiva de la Geografía Política. Las evidencias empíricas de esta investigación permiten establecer que la dinámica de las territorialidades de estos espacios estratégicos del conflicto armado colombiano se ha desplegado a través de tres niveles: en el nacional, en el regional y en el subregional-local. Para cada uno de ellos existe una dinámica territorial, en donde los actores armados han configurando una condición multiescalar de las territorialidades de los corredores y territoriosgeoestratégicos en Colombia.Palabras clave: Colombia, Conflicto Armado, Corredores Estratégicos,Geopolítica, Territorios estratégicos.

Abstract Recent studies and investigations of the armed conflict in Colombia have made reference to the possible existence of corridors and strategic territories. However, have not offered concrete evidence of their existence, much less have they managed to characterize its territoriality. This researchwork’s aim is to analyze and interpret the dynamics of the corridors’ territories, as well as the Colombian armed actors’ strategic areas during the period of 1990-2009, from the Political Geography perspective. Empirical evidence from this research allows us to establish that the dynamics of the territoriality of these strategic areas of the armed conflictin Colombia, have been deployed across three levels: national, regional and local sub-regional. For each, there is a regional process, where armed groups have been setting up a multi-scale status of the corridors’ territories and geo-strategic areas in Colombia.Keywords:Armed Conflict, Strategic Corridors, Colombia, Geopolitical,Strategic territory.
TEOLOŠKO-MORALNE I BIOETIČKE TEME U DJELU „RAZGOVOR SA SVRAKOM“ SELIMA SAMIJA JAŠARA
Authors: BEGLEROVIĆ SAMIR , JAŠIĆ ORHAN
Published: June 2020

U prvom dijelu rada ukratko je predstavljen životni put teologa, sufije i muderrisa (profesora) Selima Samija Jašara iz Vučitrna (Kosovo). Iako je napisao nekoliko dijela iz teologije, u ovome radu osvrnuli smo se na veoma zanimljivo kazivanje Razgovor sa svrakom, koje je na naš jezik preveo profesor Fejzulah Hadžibajrić. U tome tekstu u formi dijaloga derviš (u ovome slučaju sam autor Selim Sami Jašar) razgovara sa svrakom, prvenstveno o temama iz taṣawwufa (sufizam) i dogmatike (ʼaqāʼid), ali i teologije morala (ʼilm al-ahlāq). Posebnu pažnju privlači prezentiranje simbolike animalnoga svijeta, biosa, čija se esencija oslovljava upravo iz spomenutih perspektiva. U tekstu je, pored ostaloga, oslovljen i historijski kontekst nastanka poslanice, za nas posebno značajan budući da je napisana u prvoj polovini dvadesetoga stoljeća, u periodu u kojem se u literaturi objavljenoj na Zapadu nije posvećivala velika pažnja zooetičkim i fitoetičkim problemima. Po našem mišljenju, upravo ovaj podatak čini poslanicu posebno zanimljivom.
El extasis y el proyecto. Notas sobre el fin del mundo
Authors: Grossi Bruno
Published: June 2020

Faced with the impossibility of imagining the future, humanity projects in the images of the disaster the reasons, ideologies, fears and utopias that lives at in each period. That’s why the historical impotence to transform the world has become, in many authors, strangely literal: impossibility or reluctance to breed. This provision not only concerns the survival of the species, but it carries within itself the rebellion against the systematic coercion of desire. This work aims to follow these images (present in philosophical, literary and cinematographic texts) in order to unravel the dichotomy between the rational project of the State and the individual ecstasy self-dissolving.
Reconfigurations of the Concept of Flâneur by the Artistic Practices of Walking in Contemporary Media Art
Authors: Freitas Gabriela
Published: June 2020

The concept of flâneur addressed by Benjamin became a portrait of modernity in nineteenth-century Paris. Many still refer to the flânerie without questioning the contemporary context. We want to show how some current media art works by four Brazilian artists provide participatory experiences that reconfigure this concept. To do so, we will analyze them in the context of the expanded field (photographic and cinematographic), in which the process of hybrid conception of the work is crucial. We will also point out how such processes incorporate walking through space as an artistic practice, creating places of interaction in which, even in the presence of an individual experience, the collective aspect becomes important, bringing a more political approach than the one characteristic of the bourgeois and capitalist atmosphere of Parisian flânerie. The concepts of drift and delirium ambulatorium will also be discussed to understand such a reconfiguration of the flâneur in contemporaneity.
Letter to the Editor Regarding Nogueira et al “Excess Mortality Estimation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Preliminary Data from Portugal”
Authors: Fernandes Nuno
Published: June 2020

N/a.
Desenvolvimento e montagem de VANT de asa fixa de baixo custo para suprir a demanda de ensino e pesquisa nas áreas de Geociências
Authors: Renner Leonardo , Silva Tatiana , Mendes Júnior Cláudio Wilson , Wiebbelling Rodrigo Felipe , Breda Gabriel Augusto
Published: June 2020

Este trabalho apresenta a montagem e o desenvolvimento de uma plataforma (VANT) de asa fixa, modelo Skywalker X8 de baixo custo destinada à Instituições de ensino e pesquisa. A utilização destas plataformas para uso civil tem ganhado destaque na última década, devido à crescente demanda por dados de mapeamento, monitoramento, imageamento, inspeção, entre outros, impulsionados por países como o Brasil e o Canadá. Este trabalho sugere algumas modificações estruturais que demonstraram um aperfeiçoamento significativo no desempenho desta plataforma, além da diminuição do seu custo. A seleção do tipo de motor elétrico, hélice, bateria, canal de comunicação e telemetria e a controladora de voo, seguiu um estudo técnico voltado para aumentar o leque de possíveis áreas de obtenção de dados nas Geociências. O resultado foi o desenvolvimento de um VANT em torno de U$4.070,00, tendo um custo inferior ao oferecido no mercado.
Etude par simulation de la réponse des troupeaux de volailles aux apports d’acides aminés et de protéines
Authors: LECLERCQ B. , BEAUMONT C.
Published: June 2020

Plusieurs modèles de simulation de réponse aux teneurs des aliments en acides aminés ou protéines, ainsi que d’estimation des besoins sont décrits et appliqués à trois productions : le poulet de chair en croissance, le canard de Barbarie en finition et la poule pondeuse. Ces modèles conduisent à l’estimation de besoins et de performances proches de ce qui est observé expérimentalement. Ils permettent une approche objective du besoin économique, défini comme la teneur permettant de minimiser le coût alimentaire du gain de poids. Il est ainsi possible de prévoir les effets probables de la sélection sur les besoins nutritionnels des espèces considérées. Chez les volailles de chair, la vitesse de croissance influence peu le besoin en acide aminé (exprimé en g par kg d’aliment). Au contraire les lipides corporels sont, avec l’efficacité énergétique d’entretien, l’un des facteurs déterminants ; plus les animaux sont maigres ou efficaces, plus ils exigent des régimes enrichis en acides aminés. Chez la poule pondeuse, ce sont les performances de ponte qui rendent le mieux compte de l’élévation des recommandations. Dans tous les cas, l’optimum économique, teneur en acides aminés de l’aliment permettant de minimiser le coût alimentaire, est très proche de la teneur permettant d’atteindre les performances maximales.
Granulométrie des aliments composés et fonctionnement digestif du lapin
Authors: LEBAS F.
Published: June 2020

La taille des particules alimentaires joue un rôle très spécifique dans le fonctionnement de la caecotrophie du lapin. Ainsi les particules fines (moins de 0,1 mm) tendent à être refoulées vers le cæcum lors de la fabrication des crottes dures, tandis que les particules grossières (plus de 0,3 mm) sont incorporées préférentiellement dans ces mêmes crottes dures. La mise au point d’une méthode de mesure de la taille des particules contenues dans les aliments granulés a permis de démontrer le broyage important effectué par la presse à granuler, ce qui limite fortement l’interprétation de toute mesure de granulométrie faite avant granulation sur un aliment encore en farine. En outre, les particules intervenant principalement dans le fonctionnement des parties postérieures du tube digestif (cæcum, côlon), l’intérêt de la connaissance de la répartition des tailles de particules dans l’aliment reste limité, puisqu’une partie de ces particules sera digérée avant d’atteindre la deuxième moitié du tube digestif. Les travaux de recherche ont donc porté principalement sur les effets du broyage plus ou moins fin d’un même aliment. Ainsi, un broyage fin des matières premières modifie l’activité motrice du tube digestif, en particulier en augmentant le temps de séjour dans le cæcum. Une amélioration significative de la digestibilité des aliments par un broyage très fin (grille de 0,25 mm) a pu être démontrée (+7 points de digestibilité de la MO). Par contre, avec les types de mouture réalisables avec les broyeurs classiquement disponibles dans les usines de fabrication des aliments du bétail, la digestibilité n’est pas modifiée, ou seulement de manière insignifiante. Comparativement à un aliment broyé avec une grille grossière (orifices de 7 à 10 mm), un aliment finement broyé (orifices de 2 à 3 mm) sera consommé en quantité éventuellement un peu plus faible, mais sans modification de la vitesse de croissance. En revanche, le risque de troubles digestifs mortels (diarrhées) sera légèrement accru. En conclusion, si des effets physiologiques nets liés à la répartition des tailles de particules alimentaires peuvent être démontrés, les effets zootechniques attendus chez les lapins en production sont beaucoup plus frustes.
L’effet mâle chez les ovins : une technique actuelle de maîtrise de la reproduction
Authors: THIMONIER J. , COGNIE Y. , LASSOUED N. , KHALDI G.
Published: June 2020

L’introduction des béliers dans un groupe de brebis en anoestrus anovulatoire induit dans les 2 à 4 jours une ovulation silencieuse, c’est-à-dire non associée à un comportement de chaleur, suivie soit par un cycle ovulatoire de durée ’normale’ (voisine de 17 jours) puis d’une nouvelle ovulation associée à un comportement de chaleur, soit par un cycle ovulatoire de durée courte mais constante (6 jours) suivi d’une nouvelle ovulation silencieuse puis, après un cycle ovulatoire de durée normale, par une nouvelle ovulation associée à un comportement d’oestrus.
Il en résulte que les premières chaleurs apparaissent très tardivement chez les femelles dont l’activité sexuelle est induite par l’introduction des béliers, ce qui se traduit par deux pics d’activité sexuelle situés environ 18 à 20 jours et 24 à 26 jours après l’introduction des béliers. Les brebis non gravides reviennent normalement en oestrus sauf si l’anoestrus est intense au moment attendu de ces retours (plus de un mois après induction de la première ovulation).
L’article présente les connaissances acquises ces dernières années sur les mécanismes physiologiques impliqués dans l’induction de l’ovulation par l’effet bélier et donne quelques règles d’utilisation de cette méthode dans les élevages, tout en précisant ses limites. Les deux points essentiels pour utiliser efficacement cette technique sont d’une part, la connaissance des aptitudes de reproduction (saisonnement) de la race dans son milieu et, d’autre part, la possibilité de séparer les mâles des femelles pendant une durée minimale de un mois préalablement à leur mise en contact physique.
Taux butyreux et composition de la matière grasse du lait chez les petits ruminants : effets de l’apport de matières grasses ou d’aliment concentré
Authors: SCHMIDELY P. , SAUVANT D.
Published: June 2020

Une base de données sur les effets de l’apport d’aliment concentré ou de matières grasses a été constituée pour quantifier la réponse du taux butyreux et de la composition en acides gras du lait chez les petits ruminants. L’apport d’aliment concentré réduit le taux butyreux, de façon plus marquée en ration complète qu’en ration fourrage - concentré séparés. Dans ce dernier type de ration, la réponse de la matière grasse du lait est curvilinéaire, un ratio fourrage concentré 1:1 maximisant la matière grasse produite. Dans ces conditions, les proportions des AG courts et moyens du lait sont peu ou pas modifiées, celles des AG longs saturés et mono-insaturés de type cis sont fortement réduites au profit des formes mono-insaturées trans et de l’acide linoléique. L’apport de matières grasses non protégées augmente généralement le taux butyreux et la matière grasse produite, de façon comparable pour les matières grasses animales ou végétales. Avec des huiles végétales ou animales, ces réponses sont très variables en fonction de l’intensité des effets dépresseurs de ces matières grasses sur la synthèse des acides gras courts et moyens, et de l’accroissement des acides gras longs. Les teneurs en acide linoléique, linolénique et CLA du lait sont accrues par les graines ou l’huile de colza, mais de façon modeste. Les huiles de poisson non protégées n’accroissent que faiblement les teneurs en acides gras poly-insaturés du lait. L’utilisation de savons de calcium (huile de palme principalement) accroît le taux butyreux de façon plus marquée chez les brebis que chez les chèvres, alors que l’accroissement de la matière grasse est comparable entre les deux espèces pour des apports jusqu’à 150 g/j. Ils réduisent la teneur du lait en AG moyens, mais pas celle des acides gras courts, ni celle de l’acide palmitique ; inversement ils induisent une forte augmentation de la teneur en acide stéarique et surtout oléique. La protection de graines ou d’huile de poisson par encapsulation permet de limiter l’effet dépresseur observé sur les acides gras courts et moyens, avec une réduction de l’acide stéarique et oléique au profit des formes trans de cet acide. Dans ces conditions, le transfert des acides linoléique et linolénique est accru en fonction de la richesse des graines pour ces acides gras. Cette forme de protection constitue un moyen modérément efficace de transférer vers le lait les acides gras polyinsaturés des huiles de poisson, ou des CLA alimentaires. L’ensemble de ces résultats fait apparaître un manque de données expérimentales chez les petits ruminants sur les facteurs alimentaires permettant de maîtriser la composition de la MG du lait, en particulier en ce qui concerne les acides gras jouant un rôle potentiel sur la santé humaine.
Novel Method for Detection of Genes With Altered Expression Caused by Coronavirus Infection and Screening of Candidate Drugs for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Taguchi Y-H. , Turki Turki
Published: June 2020

To better understand the genes with altered expression caused by infection with the novel coronavirus strain SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19 infectious disease, a tensor decomposition (TD)-based unsupervised feature extraction (FE) approach was applied to a gene expression profile dataset of the mouse liver and spleen with experimental infection of mouse hepatitis virus, which is regarded as a suitable model of human coronavirus infection. TD-based unsupervised FE selected 134 altered genes, which were enriched in protein-protein interactions with orf1ab, polyprotein, and 3C-like protease that are well known to play critical roles in coronavirus infection, suggesting that these 134 genes can represent the coronavirus infectious process. We then selected compounds targeting the expression of the 134 selected genes based on a public domain database. The identified drug compounds were mainly related to known antiviral drugs, several of which were also included in those previously screened with an \textit{in silico} method to identify candidate drugs for treating COVID-19.
Detection and Survival of SARS in Human Stool, Urine, Wastewater and Sludge
Authors: Singer Andrew , Wray Rachel
Published: June 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed many knowledge gaps with implications toward the speed and nature of our response to contain, assess risk, and mitigate. The routine discharge of treated and untreated wastewater into rivers and coastal waters has placed SARS-CoV-2 viability in wastewater at the centre of an emerging hazard and potential risk to water industry workers and the public who come into contact with sewage-impacted water. Here we provide a review of the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 primary literature that presents the evidence base pertaining to the key questions of whether the virus is shed in stool and urine, is recoverable, and infectious in wastewater and sludge. We discuss the challenges posed by the current literature base and the extent to which the current evidence is fit for the purpose of informing robust human and environmental risk assessments.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Tetrasubsituted Imidazole Compounds
Authors: Shahzad Khurram , Abbas Faheem , PANDEY DIGVIJAY , Ajmal Sanila , Khadim Mudassar , Tahir Muhammad Usman
Published: June 2020

A new class of tetrasubstituted imidazole based compounds was synthesized using a multicomponent one-pot synthesis scheme through a cyclo condensation reaction of benzil, aromatic primary amines, aldehydes and ammonium acetate in glacial acetic acid. The synthesized compounds have been analyzed and characterized by melting point, color, conductivity method, CHN analysis, FT-IR, and UV-Visible. The reaction proceeding was examined by TLC after regular intervals of period. To test biological activity, the synthesized compounds have been examined against various bacterial strains. From the analysis of the antibacterial activity of these synthesized compounds demonstrated that all three imidazole compounds have considerable to significant activity against the strains, and compound K2 was found potent comparatively.
Astaxanthin Prevents Atrophy in Slow Fiber Muscles by Inhibiting Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Via a Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis Pathway
Authors: Sun Luchuanyang , Miyaji Nobuyuki , Yang Min , Mills Edward M. , Taniyama Shigeto , Uchida Takayuki , Nikawa Takeshi , Li Jifeng , Shi Jie , Tachibana Katsuyasu , Hirasaka Katsuya
Published: June 2020

Astaxanthin (AX) is a carotenoid that exerts potent antioxidant activity and acts in the lipid bilayer. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AX on muscle atrophy-mediated disturbance of mitochondria that have a lipid bilayer. Tail suspension was used to establish muscle- atrophied mouse models. AX diet fed to tail-suspension mice prevented loss of muscle weight and decreased myofiber size in the soleus muscle. Additionally, AX improved down-regulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes II and III in the soleus muscle after tail suspension. To confirm the AX phenotype in the soleus muscle, we examined its effects on mitochondria using Sol8 myotubes derived from the soleus muscle. We found that AX was preferentially detected in the mitochondrial fraction; it significantly suppressed mitochondrial complex III-driven production of reactive oxygen species in Sol8 myotubes. Moreover, AX inhibited the activation of caspase 3 via inhibiting the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol in antimycin A-treated Sol8 myotubes. These results suggested that AX inhibited mitochondrial oxidative stress through a mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway and thus prevented muscle atrophy.