bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterización histológica del melanoma cutáneo en reportes de patología en la ciudad de Cali, 2016-2021
Authors: Lima-Pérez Miguel , Mejía Jaime , Mateus Gilbert
Published: October 2023

Introducción. El melanoma es la proliferación maligna de melanocitos asociado a un comportamiento agresivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las variables histológicas del melanoma cutáneo.
Métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo, transversal descriptivo, realizado con reportes de patologías de pacientes con diagnóstico de melanoma cutáneo en un laboratorio de patología en Cali, Colombia, entre 2016-2021. Se incluyeron las variables edad, sexo, localización, subtipo, espesor de Breslow, ulceración, márgenes, mitosis, invasión linfovascular, neurotrofismo, regresión tumoral, nivel de Clark e infiltración tumoral por linfocitos.
Resultados. Se obtuvieron 106 reportes y fueron excluidos 54 por duplicación. Se incluyeron 52 registros, la media de edad fue de 61 años, con una mayor frecuencia de mujeres (55,8 %). De los 33 casos donde se especificó el subtipo histológico, el más frecuente fue el de extensión superficial (66,6 %), seguido del acral lentiginoso (18,1 %) y nodular con (15,2 %). La localización más frecuente fue en extremidades (61,5 %). El espesor de Breslow más común fue IV (34,6 %) y el nivel de Clark más frecuente fue IV (34,6 %). La ulceración estuvo en el 40,4 %. El subtipo nodular fue el de presentación más agresiva, donde el 100 % presentaron espesor de Breslow IV.
Conclusiones. El subtipo de melanoma más común en nuestra población fue el de extensión superficial; el segundo en frecuencia fue el subtipo acral lentiginoso, que se localizó siempre en extremidades. Más del 50 % de los melanomas tenían espesor de Breslow mayor o igual a III, lo que impacta en el pronóstico.
The Aramaic Inscriptions from Mount Gerizim: Production, Identity, and Resistance
Authors: Economou Michael
Published: October 2023

The Aramaic inscriptions from Hellenistic Mount Gerizim have been the object of intense scholarly interest since their publication almost 20 years ago. Research has particularly focused on the ways that the inscriptions can inform our understanding of the emergence of a Samaritan group identity which was distinct from that of the Jews. This article seeks to contribute to these discussions by addressing 2 interrelated issues. Firstly, drawing on research by other scholars, it tentatively suggests that these inscriptions can be divided into two groups which represent different phases of production. Secondly, it explores the reasons for the apparent introduction of a sense of place in the later inscriptions, considering the broader political and administrative history of the district of Samaria in the 2nd century BCE.
Comprehensive condition assessment of the black-backed sea shad (Alosa kessleri, Grimm, 1887) in the Lower Volga
Authors: Voronina E. A. , Dyakova S. A. , Popova O. V. , Popova E. S.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the research is to assess the condition of the black-backed sea shad (Alosa kessleri, Grimm, 1887) in the Lower Volga according to parasitological, microbiological, toxicological, and biochemical parameters, and to determine the correlation between the above during the spawning. Materials and methods. The research object was the black-backed sea shad caught with a river shore seine. Sampling for comprehensive studies was performed from 15 black-backed sea shads during the spawning migration in 2017. The fish were studied by the method of partial parasitological dissection (the protozoa class was not studied). The fish were collected and dissected, and cameral treatment was performed per Bykhovskaya-Pavlovskaya method. Microbiological studies were conducted by common methods. Species identification of identified helminths and microorganisms was performed according to standard identification guides. Toxicological studies included the determination of lead, cadmium, mercury, and petroleum hydrocarbons in the muscle tissue of the studied shad specimens by atomic absorption. In fish muscles, we studied the number of total lipids by the Zollner method, and water-soluble protein by the spectrometric Warburg-Christian method. The Fulton's condition factor was used for fatness determination. The obtained results were processed statistically. Results and discussion. The results of the comprehensive studies of commercial species of the black-backed sea shad (Alosa kessleri, Grimm, 1887) showed that the parasite fauna of fish was distinguished by a poor species composition as contracted with a qualitative microbiota biodiversity. Infection of the black-backed sea shad proceeded at the asymptomatic carrier level, which indicated a balanced relationship between parasites and the host. The levels of accumulated toxicants in shads were close to the characteristic values for fish in the Volga-Caspian basin. On average, the stock of energy resources in the studied fish had a positive trend in relation to the previous research period. The study results of the black-backed sea shad during the spawning showed the correlation of parasitological, microbiological, toxicological, and biochemical parameters that comprehensively affect the general physiological state of the studied fish.
Anticorrosion hydroxyapatite-containing coatings for the functionalization of bioresorbable magnesium alloys
Authors:   Federal State Institution of Science Institute of Chemistry of Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gnedenkov A. S. , Sinebryukhov S. L. ,   Federal State Institution of Science Institute of Chemistry of Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Filonina V. S. ,   Federal State Institution of Science Institute of Chemistry of Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gnedenkov S. V. ,   Federal State Institution of Science Institute of Chemistry of Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2023

The biocompatible protective coating was formed using the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) on a bioresorbable Mg–0.8Ca alloy. The electrochemical properties and the mechanism of material bioresorption were established. The model of the biodegradation process of the alloy with a hydroxyapatite-containing PEO-coating in mammalian cell culture medium was proposed.
Calculation method for determining the level of supply of plants with macronutrients
Authors:   National Scientific Center “Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky”, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Khrystenko A.О.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to highlight the results of research and substantiate the possibility of using the calculation method for determining the level of provision of plants with macronutrients. Improving the information and methodological support for sustainable management of crop nutrition in a state of war is of particular importance – this will allow much more efficient use of very limited fertilizer resources. Applied materials and methods: – results of many years of research in a stationary field experiment; analysis, generalization and statistical processing of data from stock and modern literary materials (partially combined in an electronic database); analysis and synthesis of data from the agrochemical service in the country. Investigated objects: the main soils of Ukraine, including typical chernozem (Haplic Chernozem), theoretical substantiation of mathematical formalization and interpretation of the assessment of the nitrogen, phosphate and potassium status of Ukrainian soils. It has been established that the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds in the soil can be predicted quite accurately by building a mathematical model. The corresponding regression equations are proposed. Unfortunately, the practical significance of such models is low. It has been proved that a direct attempt to build a model of the dependence of the content of mobile compounds of phosphorus or potassium on the composition of the soil or its properties is doomed to failure. At the same time, the identified features of the nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium systems of soils (as thermodynamic systems) made it possible to theoretically substantiate the possibility of mathematical formalization of the assessment of the trophic state of arable soils (the level of provision with natural mineral nitrogen), as well as mobile compounds of phosphorus and potassium under their extensive conditions. intensive and post-intensive use. It has been confirmed that all, without exception, chemical methods of analysis (acidic, alkaline, saline) have the ability to clearly reflect the presence of phosphorus or potassium, which entered the soil in the form of water-soluble fertilizers. Since the value of the phosphate or potassium level of unfertilized or poorly fertilized arable soils is a constant value, it is not advisable to conduct any additional examination of them, especially in war conditions. Mathematical models have been developed for extrapolation and interpolation of data on the content of mobile compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in arable soils formed under the influence of natural or anthropogenic factors.
Dynamics of heterogeneity of the agrophysical quality of ordinary chernozem within the farm field
Authors:   National Scientific Center “Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky”, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Pogromska Ya. A.
Published: October 2023

The article presents data on monitoring the physical characteristics of the soil in a field under corn (after sunflower) in a grain-row crop rotation with minimal tillage technology. Soil – Calcic Chernozem, light-medium clayey, weakly xeromorphic on loess in the Donetsk region in the Steppe climate zone of southeastern Ukraine. The research carried out in a stationary field experiment to study the effectiveness of abandoning plowing under the soil and climatic conditions of the region. During the growing season of corn for grain, the physical characteristics of the soil were monitored – bulk density, penetration resistance, and moisture content; before sowing the crop, the structural condition was determined. Measurements carried out in three locations – zones of the field, which differ on the intensity of compaction by agricultural machinery. All physical characteristics were investigated in separate layers (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm) within the arable layer; reserves of productive moisture — in the entire soil profile. Meteorological data were obtained by own observations at a weather station in the nearby village of Sukha Balka. According to the results of the correlation and dispersion analysis of ANOVA, the presence and nature of the relationship between stability characteristics, rheological features and the water regime of the soil with its structural composition within the arable layer recorded before sowing revealed. Uneven distribution within the field of intensity of mechanical pressure on the soil forms differences in the structural composition and physical characteristics of the soil. For example, according to the state of moisture in a layer of 0-10 cm, the soil in different parts of the field is in a state of overwetting, overdried or optimal. The bulk density of the upper soil layer is related not only to its own structural characteristics, but also to the composition of aggregates in the layer located below. High penetration resistance, high aggregate content of 5-3 mm and low aggregate content of 2-1 mm in the upper layers can cause deep soil deformation under machine pressure. The dynamicity of the bulk density of the upper soil layer, its low content of aggregates of 5–3 mm and high content of 2–1 mm provides protection against compaction of the soil layers located below.
The Concept of Blockchain and its Application: A Review
Authors:   Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan, Ul Haq Hafiz Burhan , Irfan Minahil ,   Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan, Saqlain Muhammad ,   Departments of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok 10140, Thailand
Published: October 2023

For the creation of cryptocurrencies like bitcoin, blockchain is the fundamental technology. Since the development of the steam engine, electricity, and computer technology, there has been a fourth industrial revolution. Blockchain technology is one of the components of this revolution, and it has been used in many sectors, including commerce, banking, and the legal system. In the beginning of this study, we talk about blocks and their many sorts. Following that, cutting-edge blockchain technology applications were covered. In addition, the benefits and drawbacks are also emphasized to help explain the blockchain idea. But there is also discussion on the use of blockchain in 5G.
Turkey's New Nationally Determined Contribution: Stagnation or Breakthrough?
Authors: USTUN Alkan
Published: October 2023

Climate change will continue to be at the top of countries’ political and social agendas in the coming decades. The steps to be taken in the mitigation and adaptation processes carried out within the scope of combating climate change are presented in countries' nationally determined contributions (NDC). In this study, Turkey's new NDC announced during the COP27 summit is evaluated with regard to the current data. The purpose of the study is to analyze Turkey's new NDC statement, and its potential outcomes based on relevant reports, scientific assessments, projections, and current data. The study mainly highlights the potential benefits of prioritizing the transition to renewable energy and the positive implications of having a concrete timeline for reducing the use of fossil fuels, including coal, if explicitly included in Turkey's NDC statement. The paper's main objective is to discuss the economic, social, and environmental benefits of a bolder decarbonization roadmap and the need for a schedule to phase out fossil fuels. In the study, an array of recent and detailed reports, scientific studies, and statistics were analyzed and the positive outcomes of Turkey's accelerating the process of exiting fossil fuels were discussed.
Segmentasi dan Target Pasar dalam Islam
Authors: Yulianti Andivira
Published: October 2023

Didalam islam, pemasaran yang islami adalah bagaimana sebuah perusahaan dalam memasarkan produk-produknya mempunyai nilai dan etika islami. Nilai dan etika islam ini tentunya tidak terlepas dari tujuan syariah. dimana nilai-nilai ini menggambarkan keunikan yang utama bagi pemasaran islam, bahkan dalam kenyataannya merupakan kekhasan yang bersifat menyeluruh yang tampak jelas pada segala sesuatu yang berlandaskan ajaran islam
Designing Visualization Dashboards for Aligning Experimental and Analytical Results in Systems Genetics Addiction Research
Authors: Adams Jane L. , Ball Robyn , Bubier Jason , Chesler Elissa , Borkin Michelle
Published: October 2023

We introduce three data visualization projects related to systems genetics and addiction research. Historically, the challenge of biology research has been one of data collection. However, as measurement becomes easier, the challenge shifts towards data sensemaking. Here, researchers are asking questions about the relationships between genes, traits, and the microbiome, using visualization for data exploration. This work has implications for visualization of high-dimensional data in other domains, as it shows how statistical methods can support visualization filtering, aggregation, and information hierarchies to explore dense data.
Prinsip pemasaran ekonomi islam
Authors: FIBRIANTI ANDI NOVI
Published: October 2023

Saat ini persaingan pasar semakin ketat, bukan hanya antara muslim dan nonmuslim saja. Akan tetapi juga persaingan antara muslim dan sesama muslim. Dari banyaknya persaingan saat ini, memicu munculnya permasalahan dan tindakan yang melenceng dari prinsip dan karakteristik pemasara syari’ah. banyak contoh kasus yang tersebar dalam kegiatan pemasaran dalam lingkup syari’ah. contohnya juga yang sedang membuming,saat ini adalah munculnya owner scincare yang memasarkan produk dengan iming-iming halal, namun pada kenyataannya banyak di antara zat scincare tersebut terdapat bahan yang non halal, dan dari zat non halal tersebut bisa menimbulkan efek kecantikan yang lebih cepat,namun tidak sehat untuk kulit. Sehingga para muslimah mudah tertarik dan tidak melihat kesesuaian antara prinsip dan karakteristik dari produk tersebut.
16bit Sensation scientific apparatus V
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: October 2023

Mixed manga and anime notes
Exploring Public Perceptions: Field Data on Disaster Awareness
Authors: Sutrisno Dewayany , Suwarno Yatin , Rahadiati Ati , Habibie Muhammad Iqbal , Putra Prabu Kresna , Prayogi Hari , Widodo Amien , Sabrina Fathia Zulfati , Kosasih Ahmad
Published: October 2023

This study explores data on the perception and response of communities to earthquake disasters, highlighting the importance of public awareness and preparedness
Global ocean spatial suitability for macroalgae offshore cultivation and sinking
Authors: Alevizos Evangelos , Barille Laurent
Published: October 2023

Macroalgae offshore cultivation and sinking is considered a potentially practical approach for ocean-based carbon dioxide removal. However, several considerations need to be resolved to assess the effectiveness and sustainability of this approach. Currently, several studies focus on the area required for climate-relevant carbon sequestration through macroalgae cultivation and sinking without considering realistic, global spatial limitations. This study uses a spatially-explicit suitability assessment model for optimised open-ocean afforestation and sinking site designation. By applying specific maritime, ecological and industrial constraints, two maps are produced: a) suitable areas for macroalgae offshore cultivation and sinking, and b) suitable areas for macroalgae sinking only (for sequestration purposes). These data provide a more realistic approach to quantifying the ocean surface (including the corresponding depths) required for macroalgae offshore cultivation and sinking within a spatially sustainable framework. The resulting maps estimate the respective suitability areas within the EEZs of the world countries. A total area suitable for macroalgae offshore cultivation and sinking is calculated at 10.8M km2, whereas sinking-only areas account for 32.8M km2 of the offshore ocean. The implications of spatial suitability patterns at global and national levels are discussed. We suggest that the concept of ‘grow nearshore, sink offshore’ should be explored as an alternative to offshore cultivation.
Psychiatric risks for worsened mental health after psychedelic use
Authors: Marrocu Alessia , Kettner Hannes , Weiss Brandon , Zeifman Richard , Erritzoe David , Carhart-Harris Robin
Published: October 2023

Background: Resurgent psychedelic research has largely supported the safety and efficacy of psychedelic therapy for the treatment of various psychiatric disorders. As psychedelic use and therapy increases in prevalence, so does the importance of understanding associated risks. Cases of prolonged negative psychological responses to psychedelic therapy seem rare; however, studies are limited by biases and small sample sizes. The current analytical approach was motivated by the question of whether rare but significant adverse effects have been under-sampled in psychedelic research studies. Methods: A ‘bottom margin analysis’ approach was taken to focus on negative responders to psychedelic use in a pool of naturalistic, observational prospective studies (N=807). We define ‘negative response’ by a clinically meaningful decline in a generic index of mental health, i.e., a one standard error from the mean decrease in psychological well-being 4 weeks post psychedelic use (vs pre-use baseline). We then assessed whether a history of diagnosed mental illness can predict negative responses. Results: We find that 16% of the cohort fall into the ‘negative responder’ subset. Parsing the sample by self-reported history of psychiatric diagnoses, , results revealed a disproportionate prevalence of negative responses among those reporting a prior personality disorder diagnosis (31%). One multivariate regression model indicated a greater than four-fold elevated risk of adverse psychological responses to psychedelics in the personality-disorder sub-sample (b = 1.425, p < 0.05). Conclusion: We infer that the presence of a personality disorder may represent an elevated risk for psychedelic use, and hypothesize that the importance of psychological support and good therapeutic alliance may be increased in this population.
Worldwide Divergence of Values
Authors: Jackson Joshua Conrad , Medvedev Danila
Published: October 2023

Have the last 40 years brought more global consensus on what people value as important and just? We use survey data from 1981–2022 (n = 406,185) to test whether social values have become more similar (converged) or dissimilar (diverged) across 76 national cultures. We find evidence of global value divergence. Values emphasizing tolerance and openness have diverged most sharply, and wealthy Western countries have developed values that are especially dissimilar from the rest of the world. We also find that countries with similar levels of wealth have held similar values over the last 40 years. Over time, however, geographic proximity has emerged as an increasingly strong correlate of value similarity between countries, indicating that values have diverged globally but converged regionally. Worldwide value divergence could exacerbate the WEIRD problem in behavioral science and may be co-evolving with anti-Western sentiment in parts of Asia, Africa, and Eastern Europe.
Men’s Psychotherapy Dropout is Associated with Conformity to Traditional Masculinity Ideologies
Authors: Schneeberger Michèle , Ehlert Ulrike , Eggenberger Lukas , Seidler Zac E. , Wilson Michael , Fisher Krista , Walther Andreas
Published: October 2023

Objective: High conformity to traditional masculinity ideologies (TMI) is associated withlower use of psychotherapy, higher self-stigmatization and poor mental health outcomes amongst men. However, the role of conformity to TMI in relation to psychotherapy dropout is still unclear.Aim: The present study aims to clarify the relationship between conformity to TMI and premature termination of psychotherapy (dropout) in men.Method: Data was used from an anonymous online survey in German-speaking Europe. Participants with previous psychotherapy experience provided information on sociodemographics, mental health, TMI, and their past experiences with psychotherapy. Discontinuation of psychotherapy was assessed by self-report and further differentiated into discontinuation with or without consulting the therapist. Men with an unconsulted therapy ending were defined as psychotherapy dropouts. Conformity to TMI was assessed using the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory.Results: Of the 266 men (mean [SD] age, 46.1 [13.6]) with psychotherapy experience, 30.5% (n = 81) reported having discontinued psychotherapy at least once, whereas 17.7% (n = 47) of the total sample reported dropout. These 47 men showed significantly higher conformity to TMI than men who did not report past dropout. The sub-scales of self-reliance and playboy showed the strongest associations with psychotherapy dropout.Conclusions: Dropout from psychotherapy was significantly associated with higher conformity to TMI. Therapists should consider, and where necessary, work to flexibly adapt to TMI which may influence how men engage in mental health care. Such an approach would likely improve men’s ongoing engagement in psychotherapy, promoting opportunities to prevent avoidable psychotherapy dropout for men most at risk of deleterious mental health outcomes.
Measuring the acuity of the approximate number system in young children
Authors: Krajcsi Attila , Chesney Dana , Cipora Krzysztof , Coolen Ilse Elise Johanna Ingrid , Gilmore Camilla , Inglis Matthew , Libertus Melissa , Nuerk Hans-Christoph , Simms Victoria , Reynvoet Bert
Published: October 2023

The approximate number system (ANS) is a hypothesized mechanism responsible for the representation and processing of numerical information in an imprecise fashion. According to the predominant theory, the ANS is essential in solving simple numerical tasks such as comparing which of two quantities is numerically larger, and some research has indicated that individual differences in its acuity influence higher-level mathematical performance. Because of this far-reaching role of the ANS, it is essential to assess its acuity with measures that are reliable, and valid. The present work reviews and synthesizes many of the methodological problems that are relevant for measuring ANS acuity in young children. We discuss issues related to task comprehension, the role of non-numerical perceptual properties of the stimuli, the role of inhibition, and the appropriateness and reliability of the ANS acuity indices. Recommendations and open questions are summarized.
The Acoustic Properties of Affective Timbres: Consistencies and Discrepancies in a Synthesis of Multiple Datasets
Authors: Korsmit Iza Ray , Montrey Marcel , Wong-Min Alix , McAdams Stephen
Published: October 2023

In the investigation of musical features that influence musical affect, timbre has received relatively little attention. We studied the acoustic properties describing the timbral qualities of sound and analyzed how they predict perceived and induced affect. First, we considered the timbre of single tones played by different instruments by re-analyzing two previously published studies on perceived affect by Eerola et al. (2012, Mus. Percept.) and McAdams et al. (2017, Front. Psychol.) and comparing them to Experiment 1 from Korsmit et al. (2023, submitted), which investigated both perceived and induced affect on valence, tension arousal, and energy arousal ratings. For all datasets, positive valence and decreased tension were predicted by an increasingly prominent fundamental frequency. In experiments with pitch variation, energy arousal was predicted by increased pitch and decreased inharmonicity. In experiments with variations in playing technique, energy arousal was predicted by a faster attack or less sustain. Second, we compared Experiment 1 results on dimensional affect (valence, tension, energy) to results on discrete affect (anger, fear, sadness, happiness, tenderness). Like valence and tension, angrier and more fearful sounds and less happy and tender sounds showed a less prominent fundamental frequency. Happiness and tenderness had a shorter perceived duration, and sad sounds were more sustained. Third, Experiment 2 from Korsmit et al. (2023) tested the affective response to chromatic scales. As with single tones, energy was predicted by an increase in pitch and decrease in inharmonicity. However, dimensional and discrete affect were most frequently predicted by median inharmonicity and spectral spread range. The synthesis of multiple datasets revealed consistent findings, but also discrepancies that may be explained by differences in stimulus selection. Furthermore, although findings on perceived and induced affect were largely similar, some findings on discrete affect and chromatic scales were not revealed with dimensional affect and single tones.
The Nested States Model: An empirical approach to subjective experience
Authors: Denfield George , Kyzar Evan
Published: October 2023

Subjective experience is central to the nature of mental illness, yet it has not played a central role in most empirical approaches to psychopathology. Despite some recent progress, we lack detailed phenomenological models for psychopathological processes and mental disorders. Here, we present a framework through which such models could be constructed. This framework is derived from the Nested States Model (NSM), which describes the dynamic structure of subjective experience as a system of nested states. Through this characterization, it provides a flexible and structured scheme for operationalizing subjective experience, which facilitates the empirical study of subjectivity. More broadly, we argue that the NSM forms a basis for thinking about psychopathological processes centered around the notion of states and their transitions. From this perspective, an approach could be developed that is near to individual experience, empirically tractable, and aligned with on-going research in neuroscience.
Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Barriers Toward Research Among Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Baral Kamal Raj , Koirala Saurabh , Kharel Abhishek , Upadhyay Hari Prasad , Bansal Prerna
Published: October 2023

Background:

Early exposure to medical research during undergraduate studies helps to establish a solid medical education by enhancing students' understanding and knowledge of the subject. This exposure also provides valuable experience with evidence-based medicine, which is crucial for success in the medical field. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers toward research among undergraduate medical students.

 

Methods:

An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students. Data was collected using a self-structured questionnaire using stratified random sampling. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS-20. p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

 

Results:

The study found that 70.6% of students had good knowledge and 44.9% of students had a good attitude toward research. The good attitude was highest among interns (73.70%) followed by first-year students (60%). The study showed that 28.9% had participated in at least one workshop on research methodology, lab research, or any other similar workshops. Barriers faced by students were lack of time due to the demanding nature of the MBBS curriculum, lack of opportunity to conduct research, lack of funding for research, and difficulty in patient follow-up.

 

Conclusion:

The students had good research knowledge, with decreasing attitude toward research from first to final year but highest among interns. Research practice among students is low. Barriers faced by students were lack of time, awareness, opportunity; funding, and difficulty in patient follow-up.
Perceived Source of Stress and Associated Stressors among Medical and Dental Students of in a Medical College of Chitwan
Authors: Bhattarai Rosina , Pandey Anisha , Roy Prabhas , K.C Sweta
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Medical and dental students are subjected to high level of stress whether academic, social or health related. Stress in manifested as fatigue, tension, dizziness, inability to fall asleep, irritation, anxiety, suicidal thoughts thereby degrading their quality of life. Therefore, this study was conducted with an objective of assessing perceived stress, stressors and the severity of the stressors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 272 medical and dental students of College of Medical Sciences. Perceived Stress Score (PSS) scale with 10 items questions was used for identifying perceived stress. 32 potential stressors whose severity was rated using Likert scale using score 1 for never/rarely, score 2 for sometimes and score 3 for often/always was used. Ethical clearance was obtained from College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital - Institutional Review Committee.Results: Using mean of PSS score, it was found that 74.26% of the students were stressed. Statistically significant difference was found between gender and stress score. The most frequently occurring academic stressors was reported to be performance in examination (37.9%). Similarly, the most commonly occurring psycho-social stressors was found to be relation with opposite sex (44.5%) which covered the greatest percentage among all stressors.Conclusions: A large proportion of students in both dental and medical studies are experiencing stress especially on academic and psycho-social aspects. All the stressors must be addressed and students should be taught stress management techniques.
Description of the Five-day Orientation Program for Enrolling Undergraduate Medical Students for the Academic Year 2022 at Gandaki Medical College in Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Bista Soni , Shrestha Bijayata , Paudel Sabita , Subedi Nuwadatta
Published: October 2023

Orientation programs for new students are considered beneficial because they aid them as well as the teachers and acclimate them to the learning environment. Additionally, it aids medical students in overcoming various challenges they encounter when adjusting to a new academic setting. Orientation sessions are held in a variety of medical colleges and are widespread worldwide. This paper discusses the five-day orientation program held at the Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Center, Pokhara, Nepal for the newly admitted first-year undergraduate medical students of the 2022 academic year. The institution, teaching-learning activities, respective curricula, and faculty members were introduced to the new students.
Exploring the Role of Rural Tourism in Achieving Sustainable Rural Development
Authors: Pokharel Suman , Bhattarai Rudra Prasad
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the role of rural tourism in facilitating sustainable rural development, with a specific focus on Ghandruk region situated in Kaski district of Nepal. Employing a case study methodology, the researchers collected data through in-depth interviews conducted with a diverse range of stakeholders, including homestay owners, hotel owners, foreign tourists, local leaders, NGOs, government representatives, and farmers. The study findings highlight the positive impact of rural tourism activities on the social, economic, and environmental dimensions of development within the study region. The research sheds light on the potential of rural tourism in improving the standard of living for rural residents while also preserving local culture and resources. The findings contribute to the existing literature on rural tourism and offer insights for policymakers and stakeholders in leveraging rural tourism as a catalyst for sustainable rural development.
Quimioterapia adyuvante en cáncer epitelial de ovario en estadios avanzados
Authors: Mora Padilla Edmundo , Ordoñez Vasquez Mario Jesús , Luna Caffroni Jackelineth , Casanova Libreros Rosangela
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: describir la experiencia en el manejo de quimioterapia adyuvante en pacientes con cáncer epitelial avanzado de ovario en el Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia, entre 2016 y 2020. Materiales y métodos: estudio de cohorte histórica descriptiva de pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer epitelial del ovario, citorreducción quirúrgica completa y que recibieron 6 ciclos de quimioterapia con carboplatino-paclitaxel. El tiempo del seguimiento fue aproximadamente 1 año. Resultados: de 45 pacientes estudiadas con citorreducción óptima el cáncer progresó después de la quimioterapia adyuvante en 13/45 casos (29%), presentó respuesta parcial en 2/45 casos (4%) y completa en 30/45 (66.6). En estadio quirúrgico avanzado (estadios III y IV FIGO 2014) la neoplasia progresó en 12/36 pacientes (33.3%), hubo respuesta parcial en 2/36 (5.6%) y completa en 22/36 (61%). Los efectos adversos al tratamiento de quimioterapia fueron (n = 45/45, 100%), alopecia (n = 45/45, 100%), náuseas y vómito (n = 30/45, 67%), artralgias (n = 10/45, 22%), neuropatías periféricas reportada como parestesias en manos y pies (n = 6/45, 13%) y un caso (2%) de toxicidad hematológica grado I (neutropenia leve). Conclusiones: 66,6% de las pacientes con cáncer epitelial de ovario manejadas con citorreducción óptima y quimioterapia adyuvante tuvieron respuesta completa a la quimioterapia, con mejor tolerancia a los efectos adversos de la quimioterapia (carboplatino-paclitaxel).
Seroconversión posterior a la aplicación de vacuna Pfizer anticovid-19 en personal de la salud
Authors: Caicedo Mesa Alberto , Caicedo Pinto Laura Marcela , Güezguan Pérez Jonathan Alexander , Fonseca Gutiérrez Angela Patricia , Muñoz Torres Laura Daniela
Published: October 2023

Introducción: la pandemia por COVID-19 constituyó un problema de salud que requirió la realización de esfuerzos sin precedentes para la fabricación de vacunas en tiempo récord. Dada la emergencia no se podían llevar a cabo los protocolos establecidos que componen la fármacovigilancia, razón por la cual es importante realizar estudios locales que contribuyan al conocimiento y vigilancia clínica y farmacológica. Objetivos: evaluar los niveles de anticuerpos desarrollados en quienes recibieron la vacuna Pfizer, determinar los efectos secundarios más frecuentes y describir la mortalidad por todas las causas a un año en este grupo. Métodos: estudio prospectivo, de corte transversal de una cohorte de 105 pacientes, se realizó estadística descriptiva en el análisis univariado y bivariado para los niveles de anticuerpos, se describe la correlación de la edad con los niveles de anticuerpos y la mortalidad cruda de los pacientes a 1 año. Resultados: la edad media de los 105 pacientes fue 36,45 años (DE 10,11), con tendencia al aumento de los niveles de anticuerpos en la segunda toma y descenso en la tercera; se encontró una correlación negativa significativa entre edad y niveles de anticuerpos en la segunda toma. Conclusiones: en los sujetos más jóvenes se presentaron mayores títulos de anticuerpos que disminuyeron con el tiempo, la variabilidad en la titulación puede depender de varios factores como edad, género, imnunosupresores y comorbilidades. Es necesaria la medición para realizar una vacunación periódica e individualizarla. La mortalidad a un año fue de 0%.
Revisión sistemática de la detención migratoria como proceso que detona múltiples violaciones a los derechos humanos
Authors: Rabasa Jofre Valentina
Published: October 2023

Este texto tiene como objetivo conocer mediante una revisión sistemática (metaanálisis) los enfoques, metodologías y hallazgos de los diferentes estudios que actores diversos han realizado sobre la detención migratoria en México, para identificar alternativas que permitan comprender y mostrar la problemática de la violación a los derechos humanos en el proceso de detención, y generar nuevas y mejores vías de comunicación entre quienes denuncian estos actos y quienes están obligados a proteger esos derechos. Los hallazgos principales muestran que una línea de investigación no abordada con centralidad versa en torno a las condiciones de los custodios y guardias en las estaciones migratorias, tanto en el aspecto laboral como en la obligación de seguir instrucciones y en el conocimiento de los reglamentos y normatividades que regulan sus actividades.
Effects of salinity stress induced by hot spring water on tomato growth, yield and fruit quality under hydroponic cultivation in Japan
Authors: Musabyisoni A. , Mutimawurugo M. C. , Niyokuri A. N.
Published: October 2023

The objective of this research was to test hot spring water as a source of salt to improve tomato quality under the hydroponic system. This research was conducted at Yamagata University, in Japan from February to July 2017. Salt stress was induced using salts of hot spring wastewater collected from Yupoka Onsen (Tsuruoka, Japan). The treatments were EC 2, 4, 8 12, and 16 mS/cm which were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five replications. Tomato plants were grown at EC 2 until flowering and then subjected to different EC concentrations until harvesting. The data were collected on plant growth parameters and fruit quality. Fruits were harvested at the red stage until the 5th truss. The results showed that fruits' Soluble Solids Content, organic acid, Nitrate contents and Sugar: Acid ratio increased significantly at EC 16 mS/cm and in the upper trusses compared to EC 2 and in the lower trusses. In contrast, fruit weight significantly decreased at EC 16 mS/cm and in upper trusses. Leaf thickness, size and SPAD, and specific leaf weight significantly declined at EC 16 mS/cm and upper leaves compared to EC 2 and in lower leaves. Plant height started to decline significantly after three weeks of treatment at EC 16 compared to EC 2.
Effect of training system on the incidence of Stigmina carpophila and fruit size and weight of European plum (Prunus domestica)
Authors: Molnár B. , Holb I. J.
Published: October 2023

In a two-year study (2017-2018), the aim was to determine the incidence of shot hole disease (Stigmina carpophila) on plum cultivar ’Čačanska lepotica’ in four different training systems with tree spacings of 4 x 1.5, 4 x 2, 5 x 2.5 and 6 x 3 m. Fruit size (width and length) and fruit weight were also assessed during harvest of fruit in the four training system. Cultivar ’Čačanska lepotica’ was susceptible to shot hole disease and showed shot hole symptoms in both years and in all training systems. In 2017, the highest disease incidence was observed in the 4 x 1.5 m plot (34% in June and 85% at the end of September). In June and July, the 6 x 3 m training system had the lowest disease incidence. In August and September, the 5 x 2.5 m training system had the smallest incidences of the disease among the training systems. In 2018, except for one assessment date (18 August) the 4 x 1.5 m plot had higher incidences than the other three training systems. Training system and years had almost no effect on fruit size, but there were some differences in fruit weight among the training systems.
BIODEGRADATION OF WASTED BIOPLASTICS
Authors: Abdullayeva Maya Y.  , Alizadeh Shams N.
Published: October 2023

Bioplastic is plastic made from renewable biological material, usually plants, bio-waste or microorganisms, rather than petroleum or natural gas. Most bioplastics are environmentally friendly compared to plastics that are made from fossil fuels. But this is not always the case - a lot depends on how bioplastic is produced and disposed of. The bioplastics industry is young—accounting for only 1% of global plastics production in 2019. Standardization of raw material sources, types of plastic, or labeling of what is biodegradable or compostable is poorly developed. This often confuses consumers because not everything made from plants is biodegradable. However, growing awareness of the dangers of overuse of plastics and increased government regulation of plastic waste have led to a surge of interest and investment in bioplastics, an industry expected to grow 10-14% in the next few years. It is possible that this will partially help solve one of the most serious environmental problems in the world: plastic pollution. Marine plastic pollution is a growing global problem. The most striking example is the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. According to the EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), of the approximately 36 million tons of plastic produced annually in the United States, less than 1% is recycled. Globally, only about 9% of plastic waste is recycled. About 11 million tons of plastic waste are dumped into the world's oceans every year. Even more comes from land-based sources, where plastic slowly breaks down into smaller and smaller particles. According to some estimates, there are up to 51 trillion microplastic particles floating in our oceans. Scientists estimate that the average adult ingests approximately 883 microplastic particles every day, which accumulate in our body tissues. Ingestion of plastic by marine and terrestrial animals can have extremely adverse effects on their health, including death.
Implications from a Modelling based Flipped Mathematics Course
Authors: ÖZEN ÜNAL Deniz , YAZICI Ersen , ARABACIOGLU Taner
Published: October 2023

The present study investigated the effect of the flipped classroom model, which was practiced in an undergraduate mathematics class, on pre-service primary school teachers’ ability to solve problems related to real life and modelling. This study was designed as an action research study exploring the implementation of a new teaching technique. The participants were 16 pre-service teachers who voluntarily took part in the study. The implementation period, which lasted for five weeks, included the following topics: ordered pairs, Cartesian product, relation and its characteristics, the concept of function, types of functions, and linear relation. The data in this study consisted of worksheets that had problem-solving processes, video records of classroom practices, participant journals, and field notes taken by the researcher. The data were analyzed through content analysis. It was observed that the flipped classroom model in the study enabled students to develop their mathematics language, conceptual knowledge, and the use of multiple representations by providing them with an opportunity to work on modelling and real-life problems. This model allowed students to take responsibility for their learning and also provided the teacher with an opportunity to prevent mistakes and misconceptions of students. In addition, it was observed in the data collected from classroom practices and student journals that student–student and student–teacher interactions developed as a result of the classes taught in the flipped classroom model.
Developing Risk Level Prediction Model and Clinical Decision Support System for Cardiovascular Diseases in Ethiopia
Authors: Diriba Chala
Published: October 2023

Cardiovascular diseases have become one of the severe health problems in both developing and developed countries. This research aimed to develop a risk level prediction model and clinical decision support system for CVD in Ethiopia using data mining techniques. A total of 4004 datasets were used to develop the model. Moreover, primary data was collected from the domain experts via interviews and questionnaires. The domain experts identified thirty-one risk factors, of which only eleven attributes were selected after experimentation to develop the model. Based on the result of experimentation, the model was developed by an unpruned J48 classifier algorithm which produced F-Measure 0.877, which is comparatively the best algorithm. The prototype system was developed by Visual C# studio tool. The developed prototype system helps health care providers to identify risk level CVD diseases. It was developed using a data mining technique, which can efficiently predict cardiovascular disease risk levels. However, developing the model by using more datasets and changing the default setting of WEKA, a data mining tool, will be the future work of this study.