bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio bibliométrico de programas e intervenciones sobre educación alimentaria y nutricional en el medio escolar en España
Authors: Trescastro-López Silvia , Trescastro-López Eva Maria , Galiana-Sánchez Maria Eugenia
Published: December 2014

Introducción: La obesidad en la población infantil y juvenil en España se sitúa actualmente en el 13,9%, y el sobrepeso se encuentra en el 26,3%. Esto hace que sea fundamental la adopción en los primeros años de vida de unos hábitos alimentarios correctos, donde la educación alimentaria y nutricional, desarrollada dentro de los programas de educación para la salud en el medio escolar, juega un papel fundamental. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar, mediante revisión bibliométrica, la producción científica existente sobre programas o intervenciones de educación alimentaria y nutricional desarrollados en el medio escolar en España que muestran influencia en la salud y/o en los hábitos alimentarios de los escolares.Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal de los resultados obtenidos en la búsqueda bibliográfica de las bases de datos Medline, Cochrane Library Plus en Español, Cuiden, Excelencia clínica, IBECS, Scielo, CSIC (ICYT, ISOC e IME), Lilacs, Cuidatge y Teseo. Se estudiaron indicadores bibliométricos: bases de datos, revistas, documentos publicados, idiomas, autoría, Índice de colaboración y grado de obsolescencia (Semiperíodo de Burton y Kebler e Índice de Price), entre otros.Resultados: La búsqueda proporcionó un total de 148 registros. La tasa final de artículos pertinentes fue de 49 (33,11%). La base de datos que más registros pertinentes proporcionó fue Medline con 24 (48,98%). 42 de los registros seleccionados (85,71%) pertenecían a artículos originales. La revista Nutrición Hospitalaria fue la que presentó mayor número de publicaciones, con 11 (22,45%). El Semiperíodo de Burton y Kebler fue de 6 años y el Índice de Price fue de 42,86%.Conclusiones: Existe una gran producción de artículos científicos relacionados con programas de educación alimentaria y nutricional en el medio escolar en España, lo cual es un indicador de la importancia de la adquisición de hábitos alimentarios saludables en la población infantil y juvenil y del interés que despiertan.
Socioeconomic determinants of abdominal obesity in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Álvarez-Castaño Luz S , González-Zapata Laura I , Góez-Rueda Juan D
Published: December 2014

Introduction: Excess weight associated with the distribution of body fat is one of the major risk factors for morbidity and mortality. This study analyzes data obtained from the survey “Food and Nutritional Profile of Medellín” carried out in 2010, aimed to establish some socio economic determinants of abdominal obesity.Material and Methods: Study descriptive, cross-sectional, the sample consisted of 2719 households and 5556 adults, ages 18 to 64. Abdominal obesity was assessed as >80cm for females and >94 cm for males. The social and economic determinants analyzed were family monthly income measured as the capacity to cover a basic food basket (>USD777), educational level, social stratum measured by the house and neighborhood characteristics and occupational activity as measured by the National Department of Statistics of Colombia.Results: The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 45%, higher in women than in men (55% vs 27%). Related to social determinants, abdominal obesity is higher in persons of low (OR 1,8; CI95% 1.4-2.2) and medium stratum (OR 1.6; CI95% 1.3-2.0). It affects persons with primary/elementary educational levels (OR 1.9; CI95% 1.7-2.3) more than those of high school education (OR 1.5; CI95% 1.3-1.7). Likewise abdominal obesity is higher among those with a family income less than (USD777) –not enough to acquire the basic food basket– (OR 1.6; CI95% 1.3-1.9). In men family income shows no association with abdominal obesity.Conclusions: For this population some social determinants of abdominal obesity are level of education, social stratum and family income.
Correlación entre hábitos higiénico-dietéticos y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adultos jóvenes argentinos
Authors: Erben Melina , Galán María Gimena , Simoniello María Fernanda
Published: December 2014

Introducción: Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) es uno de los mayores problemas mundiales de salud pública. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la prevalencia de factores de riesgo de ECV, en una población de adultos jóvenes, y establecer la interrelación de estas variables a través del Análisis Estadístico Multivariado.Material y Métodos: En una muestra de 53 personas de ambos sexos (18-30 años), se realizaron encuestas de hábitos higiénico-dietéticos, dos recordatorios de 24 horas, mediciones antropométricas (peso, talla) y perfil de lípidos sanguíneos: colesterol total (Col), HDL, LDL y triglicéridos (TG) y se calculó el índice de Castelli (IC).Resultados: Los valores medios de Col, HDL, LDL, TG e IC fueron 183±32, 49,5±18, 107,5±29, 114±101, 4,21±1,85, respectivamente. El 66% de los individuos presentaron alterado uno o más de los parámetros lipídicos analizados, el 41% tenía sobrepeso, el 60% no realizaba actividad física, el 45% tenía un consumo calórico por encima de las recomendaciones, el 80% consumía grasa en exceso, el 9,4% consumía alcohol y el 13,2% fumaba. A través del Análisis Multivariado se encontró una correlación entre perfil lipídico alterado, sedentarismo, consumo de kcal y grasa en exceso. Por otro lado se halló asociación entre perfil lipídico normal, realización de actividad física y consumo de kcal y grasa insuficiente y adecuado.Conclusiones: Hay una elevada prevalencia de factores asociados con ECV en la población estudiada y se encontró una correlación de los siguientes factores de riesgo: perfil lipídico alterado, sedentarismo, consumo de kcal y grasa en exceso.
Effectiveness of patientsâ€™ knowledge about perioperative information prior to third molar removal
Authors: Kolte Vrinda , Shenoi Ramakrishna , Ghodeswar Shefali , Garg Anoop , Bang Kshitij
Published: December 2014

Many patients feel anxious before dental treatment on the presumption that the procedure will cause them pain and discomfort. Among other procedures, oral surgery has been reported to induce highest level of anxiety. The surgical removal of mandibular third molars is one of the most commonly performed dent alveolar procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Individuals of lower socioeconomic status, with less education and lack of knowledge about the procedure are one major factor to preoperative anxiety. Provide preoperative information about the procedure significantly reduces patient anxiety. Several preoperative variables were recorded (during preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative phases) and patient anxiety was assessed through the use of various questionnaires.
Captura, esfuerzo y captura incidental de la pesca con espinel en el centro de Perú
Authors: Ayala Liliana , Sánchez-Scaglioni Raúl
Published: December 2014

El objetivo del presente trabajo es dar a conocer algunas características de los viajes de pesca, esfuerzo, captura, peces objetivos, áreas de pesca y captura incidental obtenida a partir de observadores a bordo y bitácoras de pesca. El 85% de los lances se produjeron en los primeros 574 Km de distancia a la costa (309 millas náuticas). El lance más distante estuvo a 1320 Km (712 millas náuticas). Se lanzaron 382000 anzuelos para perico, en 224 lances y 29 viajes de pesca, 94.6% de la captura en peso fue de perico, 2.7% de tiburón azul (Prionace glauca) y 1.3% de diamante (Isurus oxyrinchus). Además, 103790 anzuelos capturaron tiburón, en 109 lances y 12 viajes de pesca, 81,9% de la captura en peso fue de tiburón azul y 16.8% de diamante. La Captura por Unidad de Esfuerzo (CPUE) para perico mostró diferencias significativas entre estaciones, con un máximo entre noviembre y enero. En lo que refiere a tiburón, la CPUE por estaciones también mostró diferencias significativas, los meses con mayores capturas fueron setiembre y octubre. La tortuga verde, Chelonia mydas agassizii, fue la más capturada y dos de cada tres fueron juveniles. Todas las tortugas cabezonas, Caretta caretta, fueron juveniles. Se reporta la captura de un petrel y al parecer, la captura de mamíferos sería escasa. Considerando el gran esfuerzo de esta pesquería, existe la necesidad de monitorearla para contar con información que permita establecer las correspondientes medidas de manejo.
Ecology of Land Cover Change in Glaciated Tropical Mountains
Authors: Young Kenneth R.
Published: December 2014

Tropical mountains contain unique biological diversity, and are subject to many consequences of global climate change, exasperated by concurrent socioeconomic shifts. Glaciers are in a negative mass balance, exposing substrates to primary succession and altering downslope wetlands and streams. A review of recent trends and future predictions suggests a likely reduction in areas of open habitat for species of high mountains due to greater woody plant cover, accompanied by land use shifts by farmers and pastoralists along the environmental gradients of tropical mountains. Research is needed on the biodiversity and ecosystem consequences of successional change, including the direct effects of retreating glaciers and the indirect consequences of combined social and ecological drivers in lower elevations. Areas in the high mountains that are protected for nature conservation or managed collectively by local communities represent opportunities for integrated research and development approaches that may provide ecological spaces for future species range shifts.
Observations on the behavior of Schroederichthys chilensis (Carcharhiniformes, Scyliorhinidae)
Authors: Flores Daniel , Adams Grant D.
Published: December 2014

Schroederichthys chilensis, the redspotted catshark or chilean catshark, is an endemic species to Peruvian and Chilean waters. Observations on its behavior in the National Reserve System of Guano Islands, Islets, and Capes – Punta San Juan and Paracas National Reserve reveal that it curls when threatened. This hypothesized survival strategy has not been previously documented in this species and we recommend further studies to elucidate this behavior.
Caracterización molecular de papas nativas (Solanum spp.) del distrito de Chungui, Ayacucho, mediante AFLP
Authors: Gonzales Mamani Juan C. , Peña Rojas Gilmar
Published: December 2014

Con el objetivo de evaluar la diversidad genética de Solanum spp. del distrito de Chungui, La Mar, Ayacucho, se colectaron 25 morfotipos de papas nativas los cuales fueron introducidos y micropropagados en el medio de cultivo Murashigue Skoog (1962). La extracción de ADN se procedió utilizando el método CTAB modificado a partir de hojas de 3 semanas cultivo, se logró buena calidad y cantidad de ADN para emplear el AFLP. La digestión enzimática del ADN se realizó utilizando EcoRI y MseI. Se emplearon tres combinaciones de primers AFLP con tres nucleótidos selectivos, originándose un total de 85 bandas claramente diferenciables, de las cuales 63 fueron polimórficas. La combinación E37 – M50 fue la más informativa obteniendo un índice de contenido polimórfico de 0.43. La lectura de la presencia o ausencia de bandas polimórficas de los morfotipos evaluados empleando el coeficiente de similitud Simple Matching y el análisis de agrupamiento según el algoritmo UPGMA originó un dendograma con un índice de correlación cofenética de r= 0.7. El dendograma con un coeficiente de similitud de 0.64 agrupó a los morfotipos de papas nativas en 4 grupos genéticos y no se encontró morfotipos duplicados a pesar de tener algunas características morfológicas muy semejantes. Estos resultados demuestran el alto poder informativo de los marcadores AFLP en el análisis de la diversidad genética de papas nativas.
Sexually transmitted coinfections. HIV coinfections
Authors: Marschalkó Márta , Pónyai Katinka , Kárpáti Sarolta
Published: December 2014

Coinfections of sexually transmitted infections are frequent due to the same transmission routes which may facilitate the transmission of other sexually transmitted infections. Sexually transmitted coinfections are associated with atypical and generally more severe clinical features, more complications, resistency to treatment, unfavourable outcome, and worse prognosis. Sexually transmitted infections may increase the likelihood of acquiring and transmission of HIV infection. The authors summarize the most important characteristics of sexually transmitted infections (such as HIV and hepatitis B virus, HIV and hepatitis C virus, HIV and syphilis, HIV and gonorrhoeae, HIV and chlamydia coinfections). These infections are more frequent in HIV infected patients than in the normal population. The shared transmission routes, impairment of the immune response, elevated cytokine levels and the associated inflammatory milieu produce local tissue damage, breaches in mucosal epithelium, which increases the risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Regular screening for sexually transmitted infections, use of more sensitive diagnostic methods, improved reporting and avoidance of unsafe sexual behaviour among certain subpopulations as well as education are essential in the prevention of sexually transmitted coinfections. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(1), 4–9.
Skin symptoms associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection
Authors: Tamási Béla , Marschalkó Márta , Kárpáti Sarolta
Published: December 2014

The recently observed accelerated increase of human immunodeficiency virus infection in Hungary poses a major public concern for the healthcare system. Given the effective only but not the curative therapy, prevention should be emphasized. Current statistics estimate that about 50% of the infected persons are not aware of their human immunodeficiency virus-positivity. Thus, early diagnosis of the infection by serological screening and timely recognition of the disease-associated symptoms are crucial. The authors’ intention is to facilitate early infection detection with this review on human immunodeficiency virus-associated skin symptoms, and highlight the significance of human immunodeficiency virus care in the everyday medical practice. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(1), 10–18.
Anal cytology
Authors: Tóth Béla , Sápi Zoltán , Bánhegyi Dénes , Marschalkó Márta , Kárpáti Sarolta
Published: December 2014

Introduction: The incidence of anal cancer has increased in recent decades, particularly among human immunodeficiency virus infected men who have sex with men. Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is a potential precursor lesion of anal cancer. Anal cytology is the primary screening test for anal intraeptithelial neoplasia. Aim: The authors aimed to analyze the results of anal cytology of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection at the National Centre of STD, Department of Dermatology, Dermatooncology and Venereology, Semmelweis University. Method: 155 anal cytological examinations were performed in 140 patients between November 1, 2012 and August 31, 2014. Results: 44% of patients were found to have anal dysplasia, and only 1.6% of patients had high-grade lesions. This rate is lower as compared to published studies including larger number of patients. Conclusions: The study underlines the necessity of screening for anal lesions in the population at-risk. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(1), 24–27.
Porcine Dermis-Derived Collagen Membranes Induce Implantation Bed Vascularization Via Multinucleated Giant Cells: A Physiological Reaction?
Authors: Barbeck Mike , Lorenz Jonas , Kubesch Alica , Böhm Nicole , Booms Patrick , Choukroun Joseph , Sader Robert , Kirkpatrick Charles James , Ghanaati Shahram
Published: December 2014

In this study, the tissue reactions to 2 new porcine dermis-derived collagen membranes of different thickness were analyzed. The thicker material (Mucoderm) contained sporadically preexisting vessel skeletons and fatty islands. The thinner membrane (Collprotect) had a bilayered structure (porous and occlusive side) without any preexisting structures. These materials were implanted subcutaneously in mice to analyze the tissue reactions and potential transmembranous vascularization. Histological and histomorphometrical methodologies were performed at 4 time points (3, 10, 15, and 30 days). Both materials permitted stepwise connective tissue ingrowth into their central regions. In the Mucoderm matrix, newly built microvessels were found within the preexisting vessel and fatty island skeletons after 30 days. This vascularization was independent of the inflammation-related vascularization on both material surfaces. The Collprotect membrane underwent material disintegration by connective tissue strands in combination with vessels and multinucleated giant cells. The histomorphometric analyses revealed that the thickness of Mucoderm did not decrease significantly, while an initial significant decrease of membrane thickness in the case of Collprotect was found at day 15. The present results demonstrate that the 2 analyzed collagen membranes underwent a multinucleated giant cell-associated vascularization. Neither of the materials underwent transmembraneous vascularization. The microvessels were found within the preexisting vessel and fatty island skeletons. Additional long-term studies and clinical studies are necessary to determine how the observed foreign body giant cells affect tissue regeneration.
Optymalne reguły fiskalne a aktywna polityka inwestycyjna w kraju na średnim poziomie rozwoju
Authors: Pokrywka Łukasz , Trojnar Bartosz
Published: December 2014

The global economic crisis ignited economic and political debate over the systemic mechanisms limiting excessive public sector debt. Regulations reducing the growth of public debt clash with the state’s role in active investment policy. This pertains especially to the European emerging countries with respect to EU Cohesion Policy; Poland, for instance, will be a major beneficiary of the Multiannual Financial Framework 2014–2020. The paper analyses literature related to fiscal regulations, and presents the consequences of sub-optimal international, national, and local fiscal regulations. The analysis revealed that imprecise and suboptimal regulations are not only an ineffective mechanism for limiting the growth of public debt but also lead to more frequent use of creative accounting. The implementation of the new fiscal regulations at the local-government level in Poland will impede local governments from using EU funds to implement active investment policy.
Crowdfunding – finansowanie społecznościowe. Zarys instytucji w świetle polskich regulacji prawnych
Authors: Frańczuk Magdalena
Published: December 2014

The paper examines crowdfunding, a widespread phenomenon mainly in western Europe and the United States, where it originates. Not covered by Polish law, crowdfunding is a form of financing for all kinds of ideas and projects by a third party – a community – which agrees to co-finance projects, usually without reaping financial reward. The paper presents the pertinent legal regulations and examples of specific projects.
Badanie efektywności inwestycji w złoto za pomocą metody TRB
Authors: Salamaga Marcin , Sala Krzysztof
Published: December 2014

Buying gold is considered a relatively sure capital investment, because the purchasing power of this metal generally does not decrease over time. The question is whether and to what extent investment in gold can be profitable in the short term. This paper seeks to answer that question. In so doing, it investigates whether technical trading rules are effective in researching gold prices and whether it is possible to achieve above average profits in a short time horizon. The research takes into consideration Trading Range Break (TRB) rules. The results will allow the distributions of conditional return on an investment in gold to be identified. The effectiveness of investments in gold were analysed by the following means: using the t-Student and out-of-sample tests and comparing TRB with „buy and hold” method.
Umocnienie pozycji konkurencyjnej małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw poprzez realizację projektów
Authors: Gorzelany-Dziadkowiec Magdalena , Kozień Ewa
Published: December 2014

The article explains the essence and determinants of competitiveness in the development of small and medium enterprises. It emphasises the importance of changes which accelerate economic growth based on the plan of action laid out in the Lisbon Strategy. It focuses on creating the legal-institutional and finance circumstances influencing the competitiveness potential of small and medium enterprises in Poland. Particular attention is devoted to how project realisation strengthens the competitive position of small and medium enterprises. Research was carried out at 30 small and medium enterprises. The first stage identified the types of projects realised. Based on a defined scoreboard of project competitiveness, the second analysed advantages gained in the fields of strategy, finance and social life thanks to projects realised by firms. The projects, as unique measures, contribute to the growth of small and medium firms and help them maintain their competitive position.
Sytuacja planistyczna w województwie małopolskim
Authors: Musiał-Malagó Monika
Published: December 2014

Spatial planning is the major tool used in spatial development policies. Proactive policies facilitate the identification of spatial development trends, spatial development policies as well as implementation procedures. Spatial development policies adopted by municipalities in 1995 formed the basis for a comprehensive system of managing territorial government entities. The comprehensive approach taken by local governments to municipality management, coupled with cooperation with local communities, has lead to municipalities’ sustained growth and sustainable development. Spatial planning in Poland is regulated by the Act of 27 March 2003 on spatial planning and development. Pursuant to its provisions, the spatial planning system is implemented at the municipality, regional and national levels. Responsibility for spatial development is vested in the hands of municipalities. At that level, the legal framework for spatial planning and development is based on the analysis of spatial development conditions and trends as well as local spatial development plans. The paper presents the efforts made by Małopolska’s local authorities in launching local spatial development programmes. The analysis covers 182 municipalities located within the region’s administrative boundaries. The paper refers to the statistical analyses published in the annual Report on the status and conditions of municipality planning processes, prepared by the Institute of Geography and Spatial Management of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN). The analysis of the status of spatial management in Małopolska’s municipalities is carried out for two years: 2004, when the Ministry of Infrastructure began collecting spatial development data at the municipality level, and 2011, the last year for which research was conducted.
Comunicação organizacional e inovação em micro e pequena empresa: um estudo sobre a aplicação do “Radar da Inovação”
Authors: Macedo Aline Mariano , Porém Maria Eugênia , Andrelo Roseane
Published: December 2014

Estudo sobre a comunicação organizacional e a capacidade de inovar em empresa de pe- queno porte. A questão norteadora busca responder se a comunicação organizacional pode fazer avançar e/ou apoiar a inovação em micro e pequenas empresas. O objetivo central é analisar a relação existente entre a inovação e a comunicação organizacional. Aplicou-se o método estudo de caso e a pesquisa documental para interpretação de instrumento diagnóstico denominado “Radar da Inovação” em uma empresa de pequeno porte, localizada no interior de São Paulo. O diagnóstico é realizado com base em dimensões avaliativas que visam verificar a maturidade e o grau de inovação em micro e pequenas empresas. Por meio da avaliação dessas dimensões foi possível construir quadros analíticos e destacar a influência da comunicação organizacional na promoção da inovação. Os resultados apontam que todas as dimensões do “Radar de Inovação” podem melhorar sua performance por meio da comunicação organizacional.
A comunicação governamental da presidente Dilma Rousseff: uma análise de conteúdo do portal da Presidência da República
Authors: Andrade Danusa Santana
Published: December 2014

O presente estudo apresenta uma análise de conteúdo das estratégias de comunicação governamental da presidência da República, delineando um perfil da administração de Dilma Rousseff. A pesquisa é amparada pelos conceitos de comunicação governamental, opinião pú- blica, hegemonia e agenda-setting. O corpus do estudo constitui-se de ferramentas e canais de comunicação governamental com foco no portal da presidência. O estudo observou que apesar de haver predominância de marketing político nas últimas administrações, a gestão da presi- dente Dilma, por meio do portal, deu maior ênfase à comunicação governamental. A pesquisa é concluída discutindo brevemente a maneira da presidência da República comunicar-se com a sociedade, apresentando um viés diferente sobre o tema estabelecido.
Communicational efforts for the construction of relationships in contemporary society: mediations and technology
Authors: Guedes Éllida Neiva , Silva Marcelo da , Santos Protásio Cézar dos
Published: December 2014

This article aims to discuss the necessary alignment of communication efforts to build longlasting relationships between a organization and it public facing the ephemerality of the contemporary society. It begins with the historical and conceptual evolution of  Public Relations activity, highlighting, afterwards, the social and technological context in which we live, which features lead to a discussion about the integration of professionals’ skills from various fields of communication. Such integration enhances the construction of relational process, since it is an absolute necessity that translates changes and challenges over which we shed light with this article.
Tipologias de Auditorias usadas pelos Diretores e pelas Agências de Comunicação e Relações Públicas: análise comparativa, Espanha - ECM
Authors: Matilla Kathy , Marca-Francés Guillem , Oliveira Andréa
Published: December 2014

Um duplo estudo desenvolvido na Espanha com os sócios de Dircom -a associação de diretores de comunicação das maiores empresas do país- e com agências/consultoras de rela- ções públicas e comunicação mostra que, atualmente, há uma tendência ao predomínio de uma orientação instrumental (tática) na prática profissional espanhola em comparação com o que ocorre em outros países europeus (ECM-European Communication Monitor). Isso se deduz da atribuição e do uso prevalente de auditorias claramente associadas ao controle de resultados Output.
The urban landscape and fashion advertising: the case of the DKNY brand
Authors: Pires Helena
Published: December 2014

Investment in strategic communication, and especially in advertising, in the fash- ion design industry remains a prerequisite for promoting the brand value. The effectiveness of brand visibility and awareness depends mostly on advertising, both in the context of fash- ion magazines and the new media, and in the context of the outdoors medium, which is si- multaneously one of the most traditional and modern means of mass communication.  This paper aims to analyse and discuss both dimensions. Firstly, it aims to provide an un- derstanding of how the urban landscape is built into fashion advertising, and especially to investigate the extent to which the collective imagination contributes to that process. This research therefore seeks to identify the main landscape referents represented and search for the respective association with various cultural and artistic universes, such as literature, pho- tography or cinema. Underlying this critical reflection is an understanding that landscape is not just a simple decor, but conversely an extremely important visual and discursive re- source for the advertising message. Secondly, this paper attempts to challenge the implica- tions of fashion brands outdoor advertising specifically in relation to the urban landscape and to the everyday life experience. Therefore, it is also an important aim of this article to dis- cuss outdoor advertising within the scope of the more recent cultural and aesthetic trends. In order to achieve the stated objectives and engage in a scientific discussion of the topic, the case of the fashion brand Donna Karan New York – DKNY was selected, as it is considered to be paradigmatic of the main operational principles and hypotheses researched.
Improved Thermal Heavy Oil Recovery from Strong Bottom-Water-Drive Reservoir by Combining SAGD with Downhole Water Sink
Authors: Qin Wenting , Wojtanowicz Andrew K. , Li Hongwei
Published: December 2014

While SAGD (Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage) can be used to recovery heavy oil from strong bottom water drive reservoir, the bottom water is known to have a detrimental effect on the SAGD performance, may cause unsuccessful SAGD application. During SAGD process, the common practice to control the water encroachment is to keep the steam chamber pressure at or above the aquifer pressure. At higher pressure, less latent heat is available, leading to unprofitable SAGD project with low oil production rate and low oil recovery.

In this paper, an innovative approach is proposed to tackle the problem by combining the use of SAGD with DWS (Downhole Water Sink). The concept of DWS is the first to be integrated into SAGD production process. With a new type of well completion design, along with the two separated wells of SAGD, another well is completed in the water zone to decrease the aquifer pressure through continuous water production. As the aquifer pressure decreasing, low steam chest pressure can be maintained, thus allowing for more latent heat available in the formation which would ensure high oil rate and high oil recovery.

A theoretical study of SAGD-DWS performance on improving heavy oil recovery is conducted in this paper. A design model is developed to predict the optimum ranges of the SAGD-DWS production parameters under various operation scenario. The effects of the new approach on increasing oil rate and improving oil recovery in comparison to that of conventional SAGD are quantified. The results demonstrate that unlike other thermal recovery methods, the combined use of SAGD with DWS can prevent the water invasion into the steam chamber while allowing for low steam chamber pressure with high heat efficiency.
Mating Types Analysis of Magnaporthe oryzae Populations by Molecular Methods
Authors: Samanta Soma , Dhua Urmila , Nayak Shubhransu , Behera L. , K. Mukherjee A.
Published: December 2014

Rice blast is a devastating disease which is caused by the heterothallic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Compatible sexual recombination which occurs between two M. oryzae strains of different mating types, can enhance genetic variability. Assessment of mating type alleles is used as a marker to measure population diversity. Forty six isolates of M. oryzae were collected from infected rice leaves from various ecosystems of coastal Odisha, India, and the mating type analysis using molecular markers was carried out. MAT1-1 mating type was dominating in all the ecosystems and MAT1-2 was found to be present in uplands as well as in irrigated fields. Both mating types could be found in the same field in irrigated ecosystem. The disease spread was very fast vertically as well as horizontally in those fields resulting in blast lesions looking as ‘green islands (gi) produced in senescence leaves’, and MAT1-2 was found to be associated with all gi lesions. Consequently, the management of the disease in those plots was very difficult. Interestingly, ribosomal RNA IGS region could not be amplified in MAT1-2 isolates but consistent amplification was obtained in MAT1-1 mating type isolates.
Mechanical Behavior of Single-Layer Two-Way Grid Cylindrical Latticed Shell with Out-of-Plane Tension Members
Authors: Zhonghao Zhang , Huihuan Ma , Masumi Fujimoto , Qiang Fu
Published: December 2014

Single layer two-way grid shell with in-plane and out-of-plane tension members is a new type of single-layer latticed shell roof. This study treats the effects of tension member installation on the buckling load and strength of a single layer two-way grid cylindrical shell roof by the numerical method. The tension members are installed to stiffen the rigidity of a single layer two-way grid shell roof and improve its stability behavior. Tension member installation and placement pattern is focused as both diagonal members of two-way grids and out-of-plane stiffened members in a cylindrical surface. The diagonal member and the out-of-plane member are used to increase the in-plane and the out-of-plane rigidity of a single layer two-way grid shell, respectively. The tension member placement pattern, the load distribution patterns, the initial imperfections and the initial axial force are considered for the numerical calculation parameters. It is confirmed by the numerical analysis that the tension members in out-of-plane and diagonals caused the increase in the buckling and strength of two-way grid shell.
Basic Mechanical Parameter Relations of Soft Clay in Pearl River Delta
Authors: Li Zhangming , Qi Na , Masumi Zhibin , Lin Weidi
Published: December 2014

Basic parameters relations among CPT parameters, un-drained strength and other mechanical parameters of
soft clay are presented based on an elastic-plastic solution for cylindrical cavity expansion for soil investigation in energy
engineering. The relation between CPT parameters and shear strength from vane test is also presented based on the result.
Thus, the CPT parameters can be determined directly by elastic parameters and shear strength or vane shear parameters
and vice versa. That makes it possible to save the high test costs and provide theoretical formulas to avoid some tests
which are limited due to the site and/or other condition. Results are compared between the relations and in situ data at a
large-scale project in the Pearl River Delta. The results showed consistency between the relation and in situ data.
Numerical Investigation for Aerodynamic Derivatives of Bridge Deck Using DES
Authors: Ketong Liu , Aiping Tang
Published: December 2014

Detached Eddy Simulation（DES）is quite a new approach for the treatment of turbulence, which unites the
efficiency of Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Simulation (RANS) and the accuracy of Large Eddy Simulation (LES)
into one framework. In this paper, DES method based on Spalart-Allmaras (S-A) turbulence model is employed to
simulate the incompressible viscous flow around bridge decks. In order to obtain the aerodynamic forces, the forced
motion simulations of the bridge decks are implemented by self-developed codes combined with FLUENT software. After
obtaining the aerodynamic forces, aerodynamic derivatives are determined based on the least square algorithm. As the
examples, the thin flat plate and the Great Belt East Bridge suspended spans cross-section are investigated to calculate
their aerodynamic derivatives. Finally, the simulation results are compared to the data reported in other studies. The
comparisons show that the present method gives much better prediction of the aerodynamic derivatives than RANS
method and discrete vortex method (DVM).
Optimal Design of Large Circular Vibrating Screen Based on Multiple
Frequencies Constraints and Analytical Sensitivity Methods
Authors: Yan Jun-Xia , Li Qing-Zhong , Liu Li-Guo , Qian Shan-Hua
Published: December 2014

Multiple frequencies constraints and analytical sensitivity methods were used in the structural optimization
design of the side plate of 4YK1860 vibrating screen to reduce the damage of side plate caused by high dynamic stress.
The mass of side plate of the vibrating screen was taken as object function, mode frequencies were regarded as state
parameters, size of the plate was used as the constraint parameter and an optimization criterion which is applicable to
solve this kind of problem was given. Meanwhile, sensitivity characteristics of variable parameters were considered
during the process of optimization. The results show that the optimization program with embedded analytical sensitivity
calculation methods is of a higher solving precision and with a more stable calculating process. After structure
optimization, the thickness of side plate to withstand large impact is increased, the thickness of stiffener and peripheral
angle is decreased, the mass of side plate is reduced by 7.75% and a better optimization effect is achieved. The analysis of
the optimal vibrating screen presents that the mass of vibrating screen decreases by 3.5%, elastic deformation frequency
which is close to the working frequency increases by 8.8% and the dynamic stress decreases by 48%. The natural
frequencies of vibrating screen are improved and modal frequency is far from the working frequency of the exciting
motor, stress concentration of vibrating screen is weakened and thus the structural stiffness and reliability of vibrating
screen are enhanced.
Direct Shear Behavior of Nanometer Magnesia Reinforced Cement Soil
with 28d Age
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Wang Wei , Song Xinjiang , Chi Xuchao , Lu Tinghao
Published: December 2014

In order to properly understand the modification effects of nanometer magnesia additive on cement soil’s
mechanical performance, a consolidated quick shear laboratory test on nano-magnesium-modified cement-soil (NmCS)
sample with different mixing ratio at 28-day age was conducted. Eight kinds’ of nanometer magnesia additives with
mixing ratios ranging from 0% to 3% were designed to be used in the test. The result shows that: (1) shear stressdisplacement
curves of all samples consisted of three distinct stages with brittle failure. Moreover, (2) as the nanometer
magnesia mixing ratio increased, the NmCS shear strength also showed an increase at first, followed by a decrease, and
the shear strength reached the maximum with the mixing ratio of 1%. (3)In addition, both the friction angle and cohesive
force were fluctuating and had a concave and convex shape respectively and (4) with greater deformation resistance, the
shear displacement of NmCS was significantly less than the ordinary cement soil in the shear failure process. Finally,
according to the test results, the micro-mechanism of NmCS mechanical performance was analyzed from the perspective
of cement hydration and particle interaction.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Impact Crusher Rotor Based on
Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Zhao Li-Mei , Chen Lun-Jun , He Feng , Luo Yu
Published: December 2014

In this study, a method of multi-objective optimization is proposed to improve the quality of crushed materials
and vibration performance of the rotor. This method is driven by the first order natural frequency and the radius of the
rotor. The Central Composite Design (CCD) experiment method was used to guide the selection of appropriate structure
finite element analysis samples in design space. The quadratic polynomials were employed to construct response surface
(RS) model based on the response outputs of these samples obtained by analyzing the first order natural frequency, the
harmonic and mass with the software ANSYS. Well-distributed samples were generated in the design space by shifted
Hamersley sampling method. The prominent points were selected by the weighing method as initial samples. The multiobjective
genetic algorithm was used to obtain the Pareto optimal solution set. Through optimization, the first order
natural frequency was increased by 5.5%; the radius of the rotor was enlarged by 2.5% and the amplitude of the vibration
was decreased by 11% at the position of bearing. At the same time, the rotor mass did not change much. The results show
strong engineering practicability of the proposed method.
Analysis of Modeling and Vibration Performance of a New Type of Cropping
Machine
Authors: Zhang Lijun , Zhao Shengdun
Published: December 2014

In order to reduce the cropping force and enhance the cropping cross-section quality, a new type of cropping
machine is proposed in this paper. The basic structure and working principle of the cropping machine are introduced.
Based on D'Alembert's principle, the vibration equations of the cropping machine along the Y direction, the X direction
and around X, Y, Z axes are built in detail and the motion curves of the vibration body in all directions are also obtained.
The amplitude frequency response characteristic curve of the vibration body in the Y direction is given and the resonance
frequency of the vibration body in the Y direction is about 7.94 rad/s. The cropping experimental results show that the
cropping force acted on the metal bar is low and the cross-section quality is very high.
PSD Analysis and Optimization of 2500hp Shale Gas Fracturing Truck Chassis Frame
Authors: Wang Han-Xiang , Yuan De-Xin , Zhang Li-Jun , Zhang Fan
Published: December 2014

The three-dimensional model of 2500hp shale gas fracturing truck chassis frame was established and the
natural frequency of the frame was obtained by modal analysis. Taking the displacement power spectrum density of a
typical road as a random excitation, the random vibration response of frame was obtained by PSD module of finite
element analysis software ANSYS. Based on the results of PSD analysis, the frame’s fatigue characteristic under random
vibration condition was studied according to Gauss distribution theory and Miner fatigue cumulative damage law, and the
random fatigue strength of the frame was also calculated and optimized as well. A reliable and practical method was
provided to verify the fatigue strength and to predict fatigue life of fracturing truck chassis frame. The conclusion
provides an important theoretical reference for optimization of the frame.
Research on Fracture Mechanism and Improvement Methods of Electric
Submersible Pump Unit’s Joint Screw
Authors: Zhang Lijun , Wang Hanxiang , Xie Wenxian
Published: December 2014

According to the problem of screw fracture of electric submersible pump unit in Shengtuo oilfield, the reasons
for the screw fracture have been analyzed from three aspects: material, strength and pre-tightening force. The preliminary
result shows that the imbalanced pre-tightening force of screw is the main reason of screw fracture. By means of Ansys
software, the static and modal analyses for the electric submersible pump adapter have been conducted respectively under
consistent and inconsistent pre-tightening forces. The numerical simulation results show that when the pre-tightening
force is inconsistent, sharp increase in maximum stress of the screw accelerates the screw fracture, and the dynamic
performance of screw in the vicinity of 3809.7Hz is the worst. Based on this, the special torque wrench is developed and
then the pre-tightening quality of screw is improved greatly by using this wrench.
Quality and Shelf Life of Fermented Lamb Meat Sausage with Rosemary Extract
Authors: J. Bowser Timothy , Mwavita Mwarumba , Al-Sakini Ahmed , McGlynn William , O. Maness Niels
Published: December 2014

Dry fermented lamb-meat sausages were manufactured with 70% lamb meat, 30% lamb fat and rosemary extract under a controlled fermentation and ripening process. The antioxidant effect of three rosemary extract concentrations (0.015, 0.030 and 0.045%) on the oxidation stability, chemical composition, color parameter and sensory acceptability during ripening/drying and storage periods (1, 10, 25, 40 55, 70, 85 and 100 days) was studied. The fermentation process significantly (p 0.05) reduced the moisture content, pH and water activity, while the components of protein, fat and ash increased during the processing and storage periods. Water activity, pH and moisture/protein ratio (MPR) were within the control criteria for shelf stable products. Rosemary extract (high total phenol concentration) was an efficient antioxidant, improving fermented lamb-meat sausage quality based on color and off-odor. Sensory analysis results, particularly appearance, juiciness, hardness and saltiness were not significantly different (p 0.05) in final products, while the sourness (acidity), color and off-odor mean values were significantly different (p 0.05).
Derivation of the Turbulent Time Scales and Velocity Variances from LES Spectral Data: Application in a Lagrangian Stochastic Dispersion Model
Authors: Maldaner S. , A. Degrazia G. , Rizza U. , B.A. Rolim S. , C. Acevedo O. , P. Marques Filho E. , P. Moor L. , R. Roberti D.
Published: December 2014

Turbulent time scales and velocity variances for a convective boundary layer are derived from large eddy simulation spectral data. Spectral peak frequencies obtained from LES data are used directly in expressions that allow establishing such times scales and velocity variances. These turbulent parameters were compared with those provided by experimental turbulence data. The comparison employing a stochastic dispersion model and observed concentration data
shows that both parameterizations reproduce adequately the contaminant dispersion process in a convective boundary layer.
Metabolic Factors in Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis – A Review of Clinical Data
Authors: Pillai Sruti , Littlejohn Geoffrey
Published: December 2014

Objectives:

We aimed to review the literature linking metabolic factors to Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH), in order to assess associations between growth factors and DISH.

Method:

We identified studies in our personal database and PubMed using the following keywords in various combinations: “diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis”, “ankylosing hyperostosis”, “Forestier’s disease”, “diabetes”, “insulin”, “obesity”, “metabolic”, “growth factors”, “adipokines”, “glucose tolerance” and “chondrocytes”.

Results:

We were not able to do a systematic review due to variability in methodology of studies. We found positive associations between obesity (especially abdominal obesity), Type 2 diabetes mellitus, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia and DISH.

Conclusion:

Current research indicates that certain metabolic factors associate with DISH. More precise studies deriving from these findings on these and other newly identified bone-growth factors are needed.
Disease Caused by Rotavirus Infection
Authors: Lin Che-Liang , Chen Shou-Chien , Liu Shyun-Yeu , Chen Kow-Tong
Published: December 2014

Although rotavirus vaccines are available, rotaviruses remain the major cause of childhood diarrheal disease worldwide. The Rotarix (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals Rixensart, Belgium) and RotaTeq (Merck and Co., Inc. Whitehouse Station, New Jersey, USA) vaccines are effective for reducing the morbidity and mortality of rotavirus infection. This article aims to assess the epidemiology of rotaviral gastroenteritis and the efficacy and effectiveness of licensed rotavirus vaccines. This review concludes by presenting challenges in the field that require further exploration by and perspectives from basic and translational research in the future.