bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Children's Play in the Context of Digital Transformation: Cultural and Historical Perspective (Part 2)
Authors: Rubtsova O.V. , Salomatova O.V.
Published: December 2022

The article focuses on the problem of classification of digital play. Key approaches to classifying types of traditional play activity in foreign and in Russian psychology are studied. The authors argue that for the majority of foreign researchers the criteria for indicating a type of play is represented either by the level of its cognitive complexity (J. Piaget, K.H. Rubin, K. Stagnitti, S. Smilansky, N. Takata) or by the character of social interactions, in which the child is involved in the process of play (M.B. Parten, J. Mildred). Classifications of play, suggested by Russian scholars (E.E. Kravtsova, S.L. Novoselova, N.Ya. Mikhailenko and N.A. Korotkova, E.O. Smirnova), are discussed. The authors stress the need of differentiating between the concepts of “digital play” and “digital game”. They also discuss the possibility of applying classifications of video games and those of traditional play for the analysis of digital play. The article also focuses on the classification of digital play elaborated by J. Marsh on the basis of the taxonomy of play types by B. Hughes. Authors argue that for indicating types of digital play it might be more efficient to apply classifications of traditional play under condition of their adaptation.
Power Management Strategies in Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: El Abdellaoui Said , Fakhri Youssef
Published: December 2022

Power management strategies are extremely important in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The objective is to make the nodes operate as long as possible. In the same context, in this article, our aim is to provide the optimal transmission power to maximize the network lifetime using the Orthogonal Multiple Access Channel (OMAC) in Harvesting System (HS). We consider that the nodes have direct communication with a Fusion Center (FC) with causal Channel Side Information (CSI) at the sender and receiver.We begin the analysis by considering a single transmitter node powered by a rechargeable battery with limited capacity energy. Afterward, we generalize the analysis with M transmitter nodes. In both cases, the transmitters are able to harvest energy from nature.Eventually, we show the viability of our approach in simulations results.
Modeling, Development and Analysis Performance of an Intelligent Control of Photovoltaic System by Fuzzy Logic approach for Maximum Power Point Tracking
Authors: Barakate Ahmed Amine , Abdelmoumene Rida , WAHBI Azeddine , Maddi Mohamed , Hlou Laamari , Hadjoudja Abdelkader
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we present an intelligent algorithm based upon Fuzzy Logic method for optimizing and improving the control performance of a   photovoltaic system. The main objective of the proposed system is to pursuit the maximum power point (MPPT) under different conditions like the change of sunshine and temperature. The system consists of a photovoltaic solar module connected to a DC-DC step-up converter "Boost" and a battery - like a load . The converter parameters and the inference rule table are determined to ensure maximum output power. The effectiveness of the proposed system is validated through computer simulations using MATLAB / Simulink software and the obtained results shows that our proposed system has the best performance in term maximum power.
Mulheres Trabalhadoras: Desafios e Perspectivas no Periodo Pós-Pandemia
Authors: Hörbe Neves da Fontoura Isadora , Da Silva Reis Suzéte
Published: December 2022

O presente estudo tem como finalidade analisar os desafios e as perspectivas das mulheres trabalhadoras no período pós-pandemia. Para isso, busca-se responder ao problema de pesquisa: Quais foram os desafios e quais são as perspectivas às mulheres trabalhadoras no cenário pós-pandemia? O método utilizado será o dedutivo e as técnicas de pesquisa estarão baseadas em livros, periódicos, monografias, dissertações, entre outros. A hipótese de pesquisa está relacionada ao fato de que as mulheres trabalhadoras passaram por numerosas dificuldades enquanto ocorria o isolamento social gerado pela pandemia, causando muitos obstáculos que elas precisaram enfrentar e ainda precisam, como a violência doméstica e a demissão, por este motivo, como perspectiva de enfrentamento, a criação de políticas públicas voltada a proteção da mulher trabalhadora poderá ser uma solução.
Intoxicações por alimentos e bebidas e ocorrência das doenças de transmissão hídrica e alimentar no Brasil
Authors: Batista Jeniffer Dutra de Souza , Soares Larissa Silva , Oliveira Lara Luiza Freitas de , Baldoni Nayara Ragi , Chequer Farah Maria Drumond
Published: December 2022

O presente estudo teve como objetivo fazer um levantamento do perfil epidemiológico das notificações por intoxicação e das doenças de transmissão hídrica e alimentar (DTHA) no Brasil, entre 2016 a 2021. Trata-se de um estudo documental com análises quantitativas e descritivas dos dados coletados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação - SINAN e Ministério da Saúde. Os resultados mostraram uma diminuição no número de notificações ao longo dos anos, apesar do grande número encontrado em 2017 e 2018. O perfil dos intoxicados entre 2016-2021, foi de indivíduos do sexo masculino (58,3%), com faixa etária 20-59 anos (60,5%) e cor parda (46,6%). Já quanto aos principais agentes etiológicos relacionados aos surtos de DTHA no período analisado, destacou-se a bactéria Escherichia coli (7,9%). A investigação dos dados disponibilizados acerca das intoxicações e DTHA se faz necessária para verificação e monitorização sobre os casos que ocorrem anualmente no Brasil e no mundo.
Thermodynamic Analysis of a Combined Gas Turbine ORC Using Some Organic Fluids
Authors: ELBİR Ahmet , AKARSLAN KODALOĞLU Feyza , ŞAHİN Mehmet Erhan , ÜÇGÜL İbrahim
Published: December 2022

The increase in energy and environmental problems from day to day has led us to use sustainable methods of optimizing energy systems. In this study, mass flow rates, pressure ratios, net powers and thermodynamic calculations were performed by adding the integrated organic rankine cycle (ORC) to the waste heat of a gas turbine (GT) on behalf of innovative concepts in industrial competition and operating five different fluids (R123, R245fa, R600a, R236ea and R134a) with a specific heat in this ORC system. The gas turbine integrated with the R123 refrigerant was found to provide the best net power. The mass, energy, and exergy destructions for each component are summarized in tables separately. The energy efficiency of the designed integrated cystream was calculated as 66%, and the exergy efficiency was calculated as 20%. It is seen that the importance of sustainable energy in the optimization of power systems combined with ORC is inevitable.
The Separation of glaucoma and non-glaucoma fundus images using EfficientNet-B0
Authors: TOPTAŞ Buket , HANBAY Davut
Published: December 2022

Glaucoma is an eye disease that causes vision loss. This disease progresses silently without symptoms. Therefore, it is a difficult disease to detect. If glaucoma is detected before it progresses to advanced stages, vision loss can be prevented. Computer-aided diagnosis systems are preferred to understand whether the fundus image contains glaucoma. These systems provide accurate classification of healthy and glaucoma images. In this article, a system to separate images of a fundus dataset as glaucoma or healthy is proposed. The EfficientNet B0 model, which is a deep learning model, is used in the proposed system. The input of this deep network model is designed as six layers. The experimental results of the designed model were obtained on the publicly available ACRIMA dataset images. In the end, the average accuracy rate is determined as 0.9775.
miRNA-122 as a new player in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Alieva Amina M. , Teplova Natalia V. , Reznik Elena V. , Baykova Irina E. , Shnakhova Lidiya M. , Totolyan Gayane G. , Valiev Ramiz K. , Skripnichenko Elina A. , Kotikova Irina A. , Nikitin Igor G.
Published: January 2023

Identification of a new significant level of regulation of gene activity using small non-coding molecules of ribonucleic acid miRNA can be confidently considered as one of the most outstanding discoveries of modern science It became clear that the suppression of gene expression caused by miRNA is an extremely important universal mechanism widely involved in most intracellular signaling pathways. Current data on the role of miRNA-122 in the development of cardiovascular diseases is included in this review. miRNA-122 is positioned as a promising biological marker in cardiovascular pathology. miRNA-122 promotes inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in cardiovascular disease. Clinical and experimental studies support the pathophysiological role of miRNA-122 in fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction. Overexpression of miRNA-122 exacerbates the loss of autophagy and enhances angiotensin II-mediated inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction. miRNA-122 should be considered not only as a promising diagnostic and prognostic tool, but also as a target for modern medicine. Inhibition of miRNA-122 results in antifibrotic, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pro-autophagic effects. Further study is required to evaluate the real diagnostic and therapeutic potential of miRNA-122.
Yönetim ve Organizasyon Alanında Kuram Geliştirme Yönelimli Araştırmanın Üç Öncül Geleneği: Langley, Eisenhardt ve Gioia Yöntemleri
Authors: AĞLARGÖZ Ozan
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı yönetim ve organizasyon alanında kuram geliştirme yönelimli araştırmanın üç öncül geleneğinin betimlenmesidir. Kuramın akademik çabaların hem tetikleyicisi hem de sosyal olguları açıklayabilmemizi sağlayan çıktısı olduğu açıktır. Kuram aynı zamanda bilimsel bilgi birikimi ile uygulama arasında bağ kurulmasını sağlayan önemli bir etkendir. Akademik bağlamda kurama atfedilen önemli role rağmen, görgül materyale dayalı kuram geliştirme sistematiğine ilişkin bilgi birikimi sınırlı düzeyde kalmaktadır. Çalışma bu açığı gidermek amacıyla yönetim ve organizasyon alanından hareketle kuram geliştirme yönelimli, geliştiricilerinin soyadlarıyla anılan üç yöntemi, örnek araştırmalara da yer vererek detaylı olarak betimlemektedir. Çalışmada betimlenen yöntemlerin sosyal bilimlerin diğer alanlarında da uygulanmasının, var olan kuramların geliştirilmesi ve yenilikçi kuramların ortaya konması çabalarına katkı sağlayarak karmaşık sosyal olguları anlamamızı kolaylaştırması beklenmektedir.
Nitel Araştırmalarda Görüşme Tekniği
Authors: AKMAN DÖMBEKCİ Hilal , ERİŞEN Mehmet Akif
Published: January 2023

Nicel araştırmalarda kullanılan yöntemlerin sınırları ve yönergeleri daha net olmakla birlikte nitel araştırmalarda kullanılan yöntem ve teknikler hakkında bir standart olmadığı bilinen bir gerçektir. Diğer bir ifade ile nitel araştırmalarda kullanılan tekniğin içeriği bir araştırma için doğru ve tam olabilirken diğer bir araştırma için eksik veya yanlış olabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla nitel araştırmalarda konunun ve kullanılacak yöntemin sınırlarının net olarak çizilmesi önemli bir husustur. Bu çalışmada görüşme tekniği aşamalarının literatürde nasıl sınıflandırıldığı ve bunların hangisinin en optimal sınıflandırma olduğu tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada en kapsamlı sınıflandırmadan yararlanarak görüşme tekniğini kullanacak araştırmacılar için bir rehber ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, araştırmada öncelikle görüşme tekniği hakkında ve sonrasında literatürdeki çalışmaların görüşme tekniğini hangi aşamalar altında incelediği hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ayrıca görüşme tekniğini kullanan araştırmacıların hangi aşamalarda hangi konulara dikkat etmesi gerektiğine değinilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, bir nitel araştırmanın başarıya ulaşabilmesi için en büyük etkenin araştırmacının konuya hakimiyeti ve süreçteki titizliği olduğu ifade edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu çalışmanın, gelecekte görüşme tekniğini kullanacak araştırmalar için rehber niteliği taşıyacağı düşünülmektedir.
Nitel Araştırmalarda Yarı-Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Soruları: Soru Form ve Türleri, Nitelikler ve Sıralama
Authors: POLAT Ayşe
Published: January 2023

Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemlerine dayalı çalışmalar gittikçe artmaktadır. Farklı disiplin ve alanlarda yapılan nitel çalışmalarda en sık kullanılan veri toplama araçlardan biri mülakat, özellikle de yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmelerdir. Makalede öncelikle nitel araştırma ve görüşmeye yönelik temel felsefi ve teorik tartışmalara değinilmektedir. Görüşmenin veri toplamaya yönelik bir araç ancak aynı zamanda görüşmeci ve katılımcı arasında sosyal etkileşime dayalı bir anlam inşa etme süreci oluşu ele alınmaktadır. Türkçe görüşme/mülakat, görüşmeci ve katılımcı sözcüklerinin barındırdığı dilsel kısıt ve olanak tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırmaya yönelik önde gelen akademik kaynaklar kapsamında yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmelerde soruların içerik ve özelliklerine dair bir kılavuz sunulmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma ve görüşme sorusunun ayrıştırılması, sınırlı sayıda temel soru ardından sonda ve takip soruları yöneltilmesi, tek katmanlı ve odaklı sorular oluşturulması, soruların anlaşılır ve yanıtlanabilir kılınması, önceden belirlenmiş kategoriler içermeyen açık uçlu sorular hazırlanması ve analitik, çıkarımsal veya yargılayıcı sorulardan sakınılması detaylıca açıklanmıştır. Araştırmacıların görüşmede kullanıp uygulayabilecekleri çeşitli soru form ve türleri şemalarla gösterilmiştir. Yarı-yapılandırılmış bir görüşmede soruların sıralanmasına ilişkin mantıksal ve anlatısal bütünlük içeren, kolaydan zora giden ve başlangıç ve geçiş ifadeleriyle anlatıyı kolaylaştıracak bir düzenlemenin önemi vurgulanmıştır. Yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmelerde “iyi” sorular yöneltebilmeye özgü tek bir altın kural olmamakla beraber makalede değinilen teorik tartışma ve pratiğe yönelik somut öneri ve örneklerin görüşme yapacak araştırmacılara katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Sosyal Bilimlerde Veri Madenciliğinin Pazarlama Alanında Kullanımı
Authors: TÜRK Bahar
Published: January 2023

Geçmişi ve bugünü anlamanın, geleceğe daha net bakmamıza yardım ettiği söylenebilir. Özellikle bilgi çağında, dijitalleşmenin de katkısıyla oluşan devasa veriler bu anlamlandırmayı daha önemli kılmaktadır. Bunu başarabilmek için elimizdeki en etkili yöntemlerden biri ise veri madenciliğidir. Veri madenciliği söz konusu verilerin içerisinde anlamlı ilişkileri, kalıpları ve eğilimleri keşfetmeye dayalı üretkenliği arttırmaya yönelik bir araçtır. Sosyal bilimlerde ve pazarlama alanında sıklıkla kullanılan veri madenciliği, keşfettiği anlamlı kalıplar ve ilişkilerle, müşterilerin gelecekteki davranışlarını tahmin etmeye yönelik öngörü geliştirmekte; ürün tekliflerinin nasıl yapılandırılması gerektiği gibi satış ve hizmet fonksiyonlarını destekleyerek işletmeler için birçok avantaj yaratmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, sosyal bilimlerde veri madenciliği ve uygulamalarına ilişkin genel bilgi verilmesi, ardından pazarlama alanında veri madenciliği kullanımının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu sayede veri madenciliği kavramının sosyal bilimciler açısından daha net anlaşılmasına ve benimsenmesine, pazarlama alanında veri madenciliği uygulamalarının artmasına, dolayısıyla teoriye ve sektöre sağlayacağı katkıyı arttırmasına destek olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Sosyal Bilim Çalışmalarında Biyolojik Geri Bildirim Yöntemlerinin Kullanımı
Authors: ÖZMEN Esra
Published: January 2023

Sosyal bilim çalışmalarının odağında insan yer almaktadır. Haliyle insanın bulunduğu çevredeki sergilediği davranışlar ve ifade ettiği düşünceler anlamlandırılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Genelde bu anlamlandırma işlemi ya ifadelere katılım düzeyini belirleyen anketlerle ya da gözlem ve görüşme teknikleriyle yapılmaktadır. İnsanın farkında olmadan gerçekleştirdiği davranışların hangi zamanlarda ortaya çıktığının bulunması ve bu davranışların yorumlanması biyolojik geri bildirim sayesinde yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı daha çok fen bilimleri çalışmalarında kullanılan biyolojik geri bildirim yöntemlerinin sosyal bilim çalışmalarının hangi konularında, hangi veri toplama tekniği ve hangi analiz yöntemleriyle yapıldığını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma kapsamında TR dizin veri tabanında biyolojik geri bildirim yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı sosyal bilim çalışmaları ele alınmıştır. Toplamda 132 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmaların yöntem bölümleri analiz edilmiş ve mevcut durum ortaya koyularak gelecek çalışmalara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Octreotide Lar in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: From Bench to A Novel Perspective of Therapy
Authors: Ruggenenti Piero , Perna Annalisa , Caroli Anna , Perico Norberto , Trillini Mattias , Pisani Antonio , Spinelli Letizia , Remuzzi Giuseppe
Published: January 2023

Polycystins 1 or 2 congenital defects result in impaired Ca2+ inflow through the tubular cell membrane with reduced intracellular Ca2+ concentration and secondary adenylcyclase over-activation with increased intracellular cAMP. This activates chloride-driven fluid secretion and tubular cell proliferation and de-differentiation with cyst formation and growth. Thus, medications, such as the somatostatin analogue Octreotide LAR or the vasopressin antagonist Tolvaptan, that reduce intracellular cAMP, have been tested to inhibit cAMP-mediated chloride secretion and cell proliferation in experimental and human polycystic kidney disease. Seminal studies conducted in the early ‘80s by Franklin Epstein showed that in the shark rectal gland chloride secretion is markedly inhibited by somatostatin in a way suggesting inhibition of adenylcyclase. Evidence that specific receptors for somatostatin, in particular the sst2 subtype, are present in tubular cell membranes suggested that Octreotide LAR binding to its specific renal receptors could exert similar effects in ADPKD cells. In a pilot, cross-over safety study we found that 6-month Octreotide LAR therapy was safe and well tolerated in 12 patients with ADPKD and significantly decreased total kidney volume growth as compared to placebo. Then, the ALADIN and ALADIN II academic, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials found that 3-year Octreotide LAR treatment significantly slowed total kidney and cyst volume growth. In ALADIN treatment slowed chronic decline of directly measured GFR in 79 patients with estimated GFR ≥ 40 ml/min/1.73 m2. In ALADIN II treatment slowed progression to doubling of serum creatinine or ESKD in 100 patients with stage 3b-4 CKD. Treatment was equally safe and well tolerated in both studies. Sub-studies also showed that 3-year Octreotide LAR therapy reduced total liver volume in 27 ADPKD patients with associated polycystic livers and improved left ventricular twisting and untwisting function in 34 ADPKD patients assessed by speckled-tracked echocardiography. Future trials should confirm the long-term benefits of Octreotide LAR in larger populations of ADPKD patients. Moreover, recent studies found that somatostatin analogues and Tolvaptan have additional beneficial effects in experimental polycystic kidney disease. Thus, clinical trials should also explore whether Octreotide LAR and Tolvaptan in combined therapy may have an additional beneficial effect even in human disease.
Service Recovery Satisfaction in the Government and Private Hospitals
Authors: Gupta Muskan , Arora Pooja , Sharma Anand
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The present study was undertaken to examine the service recovery satisfaction in the government and private hospitals by using the conceptual framework of justice theory. The study examines the reasons of service failure and the relationship between the demographic factors and the patient care facilities available in the hospitals. Methodology: Data for the present study was collected from 300 patients who availed the facilities for their treatment at government or private hospitals by using a structured questionnaire through convenience sampling and analysed subsequently. Findings: The collected data revealed that the customer’s satisfaction with service recovery was positively and significantly affected by the distributive justice in both the government and private hospitals. The reasons of service failure in government hospitals were lack of cleanliness and hygiene, poor administrative procedure and poor management of patients. Although the patients did not have complaint with the private hospitals but the main reasons for service failure were longer duration of treatment, billing or payment issues and non-availability of specialized doctors. Factor analysis confirms the 6 key components of the patient care facilities which affect the customer satisfaction in the government and private hospitals. Finally, the study also revealed that the patients were more satisfied with the patient care facilities and the service recovery process provided in the private hospitals as compared to government hospitals. Research limitations/implications: The findings of this study confirmed the importance of justice theory in the service recovery satisfaction. There are different reasons of service failures in the private and government hospitals, leading to customer dissatisfaction. The study was restricted in geographical terms.
Human Umbilical Cord Blood Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus : A Review
Authors: Chaudhari Harshad , Mahendrakar Smita , Reddi Alluru
Published: January 2023

Stem cell therapy for patients with diabetes mellitus is receiving great attention among scientists and clinicians. Although bone marrow is considered one of the rich sources of stem cells, its limited availability of donors precludes its use for all the suitable patients. Human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells or its-derived mesenchymal cells are being increasingly used as an alternative source of stem cells for cell-based therapy for malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Human umbilical cord blood cells have low potential for graft-versus-host disease and tumorigenicity. Also, no immunosuppression is required. Experimental evidence has shown that human umbilical cord blood -derived stem cells can differentiate into insulin-secreting β-cells. Transplantation of Human umbilical cord blood cells has been shown to improve blood glucose levels, and ameliorate kidney as well as neuropathic complications in diabetic animal models. Although the first use of autologous Human umbilical cord blood transfusion in type 1 diabetic children had a short-term beneficial effect in reducing the daily requirement of insulin dose and the maintenance of near normoglycemia, subsequent studies have failed to show this beneficial effect. In this review, we will provide both experimental and clinical evidence in favor and against the beneficial effect of human umbilical cord blood cells and cord blood-derived mesenchymal cells in the management of diabetes mellitus.
Relationship between autoantibodies against type 2 deiodinase and antithyroid autoantibodies in Graves’ disease using antithyroid drug therapy
Authors: Molnár Ildikó
Published: January 2023

Background: Previously, the presence of autoantibodies against type 2 deiodinase cys- and hom-peptides was investigated in Graves’ disease with relation to thyroid function, ophthalmopathy and therapy. The new design was to reveal the relationship among antithyroid antibodies involved in hormone synthesis. Aim and scope: To demonstrate some regularity between the appearance of peptide autoantibodies and antithyroid antibodies against TSH receptor, thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin, the study followed the main path of hormone synthesis and the effect of antithyroid drug treatment. Has any effect of peptide autoantibodies on the titers of other autoantibodies? Methods: The methods were described in our previous papers detailed. Autoantibodies against type 2 deiodinase peptides were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 78 patients with Graves’ disease and 30 controls. Thyroid hormones (TSH, FT4 and FT3) and antibodies against TSH receptor, thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin were measured with chemiluminescence immunoassay.  Results: The frequency of cys-peptide antibodies was greater in the new onset of Graves’ disease. Propylthiouracil treatment was associated with increased occurrence of cys-peptide antibodies (p<0.0069). No dose-dependency in methimazole treatment could be demonstrated for cys-peptide antibody levels. Antibodies against hom-peptide or both peptides demonstrated a strong relationship with the appearance of antithyroid antibodies. No peptide antibodies were associated with anti-thyroglobulin antibody positivity (0 cases out of 11 for hom-peptide, p<0.0071 and 0 cases out of 8 for both peptides, p<0.0251). In contrast, all cases with TSH receptor antibody positivity were positive for peptide antibodies (all cases out of 13 for hom-peptide, p<0.0139 and all cases out of 9 for both peptides, p<0.0470). TSH receptor antibody levels were relevantly decreased, when hom-peptide antibodies were present [24.35(15.68-37.8) vs 11.8(8.16-17.07) IU/l, p<0.0437]. Conclusion: The presence of hom-peptide antibodies was connected to the absence of antibodies against thyroglobulin and smaller anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity. The presence and the high titers of TSH receptor antibodies demonstrated a close relationship with the appearance of hom-peptide antibodies. The relationship among the studied autoantibodies may depend on the alteration of thyroid hormone synthesis and the steric hindrance of targets and antithyroid drug treatment. Autoantibodies against type 2 deiodinase peptides can influence the therapeutical effectiveness
National Tuberculosis Elimination Program Guidelines and its Relevance to the Indian Population in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Sriram , Ramachandran Kalpana
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Though tuberculosis was declared a public health emergency in 1993 and the revised national tuberculosis control programme gained momentum soon after, south Asian countries were left with a daunting task in the effective implementation of the control measures. The decades of progress achieved in tuberculosis control and elimination measures were almost wiped off in the last 12 to 18 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, clearly indicating that these measures need to be more structured and resilient. This manuscript focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB control and also on the measures taken by the Government of India in effectively combating this syndemic. Tuberculosis and COVID – a synergistic syndemic: The positive trends in tuberculosis elimination strategies observed till 2019 showed a dramatic reversal after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The sharp decline observed in the TB notification rates in 2020 and 2021 showed signs of improvement in the first two quarters of 2022. Biological interactions between tuberculosis and COVID-19 agents, lung parenchymal damage occurring in both diseases, multiple lockdowns, the reduced workforce at tuberculosis notification centres and reallocation of funds to control the new-onset pandemic were some of the reasons for the decline in overall notifications across the globe. Government goals (post-syndemic) and measures: The National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme initiated a holistic approach to eliminate TB from South Asia by 2030. Innovative strategies like digitalization of service delivery systems, telemedicine consultations and a four-tier hierarchy system resulted in a rise in the number of tuberculosis notifications. Making this campaign a public movement, creating Public Support Groups and propagating an online Nikshay portal for tuberculous notification greatly facilitated efforts to create a tuberculosis-free world. Conclusions: Despite the COVID-19 pandemic causing a temporary slowdown in the measures to eliminate tuberculosis by 2030, digitalization processes and various innovative strategies have kept disease elimination hopes still alive. The government alone may not be able to accomplish this goal. Combined efforts and collective responsibility from the public, medical and para-medical support staff are imperative in making this dream of a tuberculosis free society, soon a reality.
Pincer Maneuver: Legality of China’s Economic Measures towards India
Authors: Gemilang Adinda Balqis Tegarmas
Published: January 2023

China today has an enormously massive and diverse industrial sector which cemented its role as the world’s factory. This status is mainly borne from cheap, plentiful and capable workforce that given by the size of its population. Increasingly belligerent stances taken by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in combination with myriad of other factors have led industries to slowly move their production elsewhere. The alternative, in form of China’s nemesis, India which has started to woo manufacturer to  do business with them as a more competitive and open market in combination with the abundance of cheap and capable workforce. China in realizing this move are now exposed to the existential problem of power. With the wealth accumulated, China has started curbing the effect of the relocation of its manufacturing sectors to India. Initiatives and program that they create have strangely unaffected India in its efforts to enter into the global manufacturing and distribution system. The paper aims at answering the question on the legality of China’s economic measures toward India from the perspective of the existing international law. This normative legal research relies on primary and secondary sources. The study found that the mentioned economic measures are in line with the applicable international law.
Automatic Stove Control System Based on the NodeMCU ESP8266 Microcontroller
Authors: Hamdani Muhammad Nauval Khoiron , Sulistiyowati Indah , Ayuni Shazana Dhiya
Published: January 2023

A stove is a handy tool for humans. The use of stoves in everyday life brings beneficial and detrimental impacts. A stove is a tool used to help human activities, but the impact of its weakness can cause household accidents caused by the negligence of the community itself. The NodeMCU-based automatic hob was built to address this problem. This stove can set the cooking time and automatically stop working at the specified time. This stove can also turn off automatically if the sensor does not detect the presence of people around to minimize the occurrence of household accidents. This automatic stove is expected to be a technological reformer in household appliances and a solution to reduce the number of accidents caused by stoves.
The impact of video-game on aggressive behaviors among adolescents in Saudi Arabia: a national study
Authors: Aleissa Majid A. , Alhowaish Norah , Almutairi Waseemah , Almanea Tala , Alkhawashki Samah , Alenezi Shuliweeh
Published: December 2022

Background: Children and teenagers frequently use video games as a form of entertainment. Although the middle east has one of the fastest-growing video game user populations, most studies need more national data to demonstrate the prevalence of playing video games and its effects on aggressive and mental health behaviours. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of video game use and its association with aggressive behaviours among adolescents in Saudi Arabia.Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study involving males and females, aged 15-18 years, in both private and public secondary schools in the five main regions of Saudi Arabia. A modified aggression questionnaire comprised 29 items and scored on a 5-point Likert scale was electronically self-administered for each participant. This survey measured hostility, verbal aggression, physical aggression, and anger.Results: A total of 4,840 students participated in the study with an average age of 16.15±3.98 years. Males frequently played video games compared with females (p<0.0001). The average playing time per day was significant across males (p<0.0001). Females were more likely to show anger and hostility (p<0.0001 for both). However, males were more likely to show physical aggression (p<0.0001).Conclusions: Our study suggests that playing video games might associate with violent behaviours among adolescents in Saudi Arabia. This conclusion is supported by previous international studies. Increasing families’ awareness about video games and their impact on mental health and behaviours would help them identify their benefits and drawbacks.
Pharmacognostic analysis of Tudri Surkh (Cheiranthus cheiri)
Authors: Yousuf Amjad W. , Erum Aasiy U.
Published: December 2022

Background: Tudri Surkh (Cheiranthus cheiri) is an important medicinal plant species used in Unani system of medicine. Despite having immense medicinal importance, little information is available on the standardization parameters of the species. For this reason, present work was carried out to establish pharmacognostical standards and generate comprehensive report on the quality control and standardization parameters of Tudri Surkh (Cheiranthus cheiri).Methods: Seeds of the plant were examined using microscopy and macroscopy, physicochemical parameters, extractive values, and fluorescence analysis.Results: The macroscopic, microscopy, and physicochemical parameters of seeds of Tudri Surkh (Cheiranthus cheiri) revealed various diagnostic characteristics in the species.Conclusions: This study provides complete pharmacognostic profile of Tudri Surkh (Cheiranthus cheiri) and hence will be useful for correct identification and authentication of the species for future studies.
Tinnitus and vertigo in chronic kidney disease patients: an observational study at tertiary care centre
Authors: Rosario David , Kodalkar Nikhil , Sequeira Anitha
Published: December 2022

Background: Chronic kidney disease is characterized by the progressive and irreversible loss of kidney function over a period of months and years. Due to antigenic similarity, the cochlea and kidney have similar physiological mechanisms namely active transport of fluid and electrolytes achieved by stria vascularis in the cochlea and glomeruli in the kidney. Objective was to inspect the relation between hemodialysis and development of tinnitus and vertigo in CKD patients.Methods: Prospective observational study conducted at Srinivas Institute of medical science, Mangalore, 88 patients were enrolled in this study.Results: Out of 88 patients studied 09 patients (10.22%) complain of tinnitus, 12 patients (13.63%) complain of vertigo, 48 patients (54.54%) had both tinnitus and vertigo, and the remaining 19 patients (21.59%) didn’t develop any tinnitus or vertigo symptoms. The pure tone audiometry results in these individuals were indicative of inner ear pathology. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22.Conclusions: Vertigo and tinnitus are common with haemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease as 78.40% were affected with either tinnitus or vertigo or with both.
Comparison and agreement between arterial versus venous blood gas analysis and pulse oxymetry in children with acute asthma
Authors: Nair Sreenath G. , Cherian Carol Sara , Sushmabai S.
Published: December 2022

Background: Blood gas analysis is critical in managing children in intensive care unit primarily in respiratory disorders. This study aimed to ascertain agreement between the arterial and peripheral venous measurement of pH, pCO2, pO2 and bicarbonate levels along with SpO2 in acute asthma.Methods: Hospital based cross sectional analytical study was conducted at Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences in 50 children within the age group of 5-15 years who presented with symptoms suggestive of acute asthma with a modified PSI>6 after informed consent from parents and assent from child. SpO2 monitoring and ABG simultaneously with VBG were done immediately after admission. Statistical analysis was done to find out any correlation using Pearson correlation coefficient and Bland Altman plots were drawn to assess agreement.Results: 50 children in the age group 5 years to 15 years were included in the study. Arterial pH and venous pH were found to be correlated significantly, Pearson correlation coefficient r=0.438. There was a good correlation between the arterial and venous pCO2 with r= 0.610, bicarbonate values r=0.608. There was poor correlation between arterial PO2 and venous PO2 values (r=0.030). The bias plot for pH and pCO2 showed moderate agreement in with 95% limits of agreement being in acceptably narrow range. The mean bias in pH was 0.0242 (SD=0.04912, 95% limits of agreement = -0.0721 to 0.12045); bias in pCO2 was -4.04400 (SD=5.53616, 95% limits of agreement = -14.8949 to 6.8069), and in bicarbonate levels -0.0940 (SD=2.09, 95% limits of agreement = -4.1998 to 4.0119).Conclusions: Even though there was a good correlation and a moderate agreement between ABG and VBG parameters like pH, pCO2 and bicarbonate, VBG cannot be replaced for ABG in acute asthma. Pulse oximetry also has limitations in children with acute severe asthma as compared to ABG value.
Alliance between risk factors and grievousness of mucormycosis in patients suffering from COVID-19
Authors: Shah Esha P. , Bedi Gautam , Bedi Nutan , Punjabi Sharda
Published: December 2022

Background: Mucormycosis is a black fungal mold showing a sudden surge in covid era and left as a trail of COVID-19. It wouldn’t be wrong to say that both mucormycosis and COVID-19 prey on the immunocompromised by colonizing the nose-sinuses-orbit-eye-brain.Methods: 30 patients of suspected ROCM were included which presented a gamut of red flags ranging from numbness and pain over the cheek to diminution of vision (DOV) and diplopia. Mucormycosis was confirmed by KOH mount and gadolinium-enhanced MRI. Ophthalmic assessment included visual acuity, IOP measurement, colour vision, extraocular movements, anterior and posterior segment evaluation using slit lamp and fundoscopy.Results: Risk factors being diabetes mellitus (73.3%), history of oxygen supply during hospital stay (53.3%) and hypertension (53.3%). 16/30 (53.3%) had good vision: <6/6 but >6/12. 11/30 (36.7%) had impaired vision: <6/12 but >6/60. 3/30 (10%) had poor vision: <6/60. Finding being DOV: 14 (46.7%) >chemosis: 10(33.3%) >restricted EOM: 5 (16.7%) >periorbital cellulitis: 4 (13.3%) >congestion: 4 (13.3%) >proptosis: 4 (13.3%).Conclusions: Thus, as there is a myriad of ocular manifestations, we have tried to portray the whole spectrum here. Patients with the above-mentioned risk factors must be eyed with suspicion since delay in diagnosis and appropriate management can have calamitous implications on patient survival. However, the intervention time varies depending on the various factors like availability of the resources, awareness of the patient and expertise available for diagnosis and treatment. As this disease requires a multidisciplinary approach, ophthalmic intervention should be followed by debridement of sinuses as and when required.
A study of prevalence of anemia among hypothyroidism patients and relationship between types of anemia and hypothyroidism
Authors: Bilonia Shailendra K. , Pal Shivangi , Charan Karan S. , Nehra Nikhil K.
Published: December 2022

Background: The association between anemia and hypothyroidism has been recognized, although the prevalence of anemia in hypothyroid patients varies widely between studies. The main objectives were to study the prevalence, type, etiology of anemia in primary hypothyroidism and to correlate severity of anemia with severity of hypothyroidism.Methods: This research was conducted as a case-control study. Patients with newly diagnosed overt primary hypothyroidism and euthyroid controls totaling 170 in total were included in the study. The morphological subtypes of anemia and the causes of each were investigated. There was a correlation between the severity of anemia and that of hypothyroidism.Results: Anemia was highly prevalent among cases, as it was present in 110 (64.7%) of patients with hypothyroidism and in 60 (35.3%) of patients who did not have hypothyroidism in the control group. In cases, 100 (58.8%) of serum samples tested positive for anti-TPO, while just 20 (11.8%) of control samples did so. In these cases, with elevated TSH, the anemia was severe.Conclusions: Our study concluded that a statistically significant high anaemia prevalence was found among the patients with primary hypothyroidism. In comparison to the controls, it was shown that cases had a significantly higher incidence of certain types of, as well as anti-TPO positive and iron insufficiency. The TSH level and hemoglobin level were shown to have a statistically significant inverse association with one another.
A study to assess the knowledge of female medical students on polycystic ovary syndrome in NRI Institute of Medical Sciences
Authors: Malin Marri Vasantha , Surekha Teki
Published: December 2022

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hyperandrogenic disorder with an approximate prevalence of 15% to 20%; despite being a common disease in women, an estimated 68% of the total cases remain undiagnosed. Long-term consequences of PCOS on psychological health have been underestimated and disregarded. Even though the disorder has a wide spectrum of symptoms affecting a female's life from early teenage to later in life, it is not given as much importance as other chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or a thyroid disorder. The need to address this syndrome both as a burden to the healthcare system, as well as on an individual basis right now, is of paramount importance. Previous studies have found that there was a gap in the knowledge of medical students about PCOS and its symptoms and signs, and that lifestyle preferences may predispose to PCOS. Delay in the diagnosis of PCOS may lead to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities associated with it. This study was mainly aimed at assessing the knowledge of female medical students on PCOS in NRIIMS, Sangivalasa.Methods: This was an online questionnaire based cross sectional study conducted on 550 female medical students of NRIIMS from March 2022 to September 2022 after taking approval from the institute ethics committee. The completely filled questionnaires (500) were analysed for the results.Results: In the present study though the female medical students had good knowledge regarding the causes and risk factors associated with PCOS, their knowledge about the complications of PCOS was found to be significantly less. The main source of knowledge regarding PCOS was from the treating doctor and browsing the internet being the next source.Conclusions: Effective educational intervention can significantly increase the level of knowledge on PCOS in female medical students.
Clinical approach and diagnosing ulcerative colitis in a 55 years old man patient: a case report
Authors: Nurcahya I. Gusti Ngurah Metta , Wirawan M. S.
Published: December 2022

This article reports a 55 years old man came to the emergency department with complaint fatigue and weakness since 6 day ago. Patient have 1 week history of diarrhoea with abdominal pain since 1 day ago. Patient also had nausea since 1 day ago. The patient does not take NSAID. Physical examination showed abdominal distention and pain on left iliac region. Colonoscopy showed many ulcus from rectum towards the descendent colon. The diagnosis of ulcerative collitis were made. The patient was treated with amino salisilate, antibiotics, steroids medications and showed clinical remission.
A rare poisoning with a still rarer presentation: imidacloprid
Authors: Prasad Prasanth , Raj Sumesh
Published: December 2022

Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid systemic insecticide. It is used to control agricultural pests. It controls the insects from within the plant. This product is applied to the soil and is taken up by the roots. Imidacloprid belongs to a new chemical family of chloronicotinyl compounds. Its mode of action on the insect nervous system differs from that of a traditional neurotoxic product. This compound is considered relatively safer to human beings, but it can lead to potentially life-threatening complications. Large quantity of this compound when ingested causes fatal complications like respiratory failure, cardiac arrythemias. We reported a case of imidacloprid poisoning with its rarest unreported complications.
Hurler syndrome-a case report of infrequently encountered diagnosis
Authors: Rohatgi Sunidhi , Shah Manan , Bhatt Vraj
Published: December 2022

Hurler syndrome also known as mucopolysaccharidosis type 1H (MPS-1H) or gargoylism is an autosomal recessive disorder due to defective gene which encodes for enzyme alpha L-iduronidase (IUDA) located on chromosome 4p16.3 (gene encoding protein iduronidase). In the present case, 4-year Down’s syndrome child with coarse facial features, hypothyroidism presented with umbilical hernia. Clinical diagnosis of Hurler syndrome was made corelating with clinical features, X-ray findings.
Giant prostatic hyperplasia: a case report from Aligarh
Authors: Hilal Rahida , Nafees Farah , Aziz Iqbal , Usmani Simeen
Published: December 2022

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common conditions experienced by aging males and a frequent cause of bladder outlet obstruction and macroscopic haematuria. “Giant prostatic hyperplasia” (GPH) is a term that describes rare cases of extremely enlarged prostate glands, weighing up to 500g. Typically, patients with GPH have severe symptoms and seek medical care to treat their voiding complaints. GPH is an uncommon pathologic entity with only 10 reported cases of prostate glands exceeding 500. We report first case of GPH in Aligarh. A 60-year-old patient came to (Surgery) OPD AKTCH, AMU, Aligarh with increased frequency of micturition, urgency, hesitancy and pain in upper abdomen. Massive prostatomegaly was found on digital rectal examination. The patient was successfully treated with open transvesical prostatectomy and had an uneventful postoperative recovery.
Scheuthauer-Marie-Sainton syndrome: a case report
Authors: Ramalingam Shakila , Saravanan Thalaimalai , Raghupathy L. P. , Jaisankar Sowmiya
Published: December 2022

The term Scheuthauer-Marie-Sainton syndrome is also known as cleidocranial dysplasia or cleidocranial dystosis and is derived from ancient greek words cleido (collar bone), knanion (head) and dysplasia (abnormal formation). It is an uncommon but well known genetic skeletal condition and an autosomal dominant malformation affecting bones and teeth. The most common skeletal and dental abnormalities in affected individuals are hypoplastic/ aplastic clavicles, open frontanelles, short stature, retention of primary teeth, delayed eruption of permanent teeth, supernumerary teeth and multiple impacted teeth. Affected person have a characteristic facial appearance with a bulky forehead, hypertelorism and midfacial hypoplasia. General health is usually good and the intellect is unimpaired. This article describes clinical and radiographic features of Scheuthauer-Marie-Sainton syndrome in a 29 years old male patient
Giant lipoma removal by Kshara Sutra thread in an outpatient department without stitches or antibiotics: a case report
Authors: Bapat Prasad , Bapat Vaidehi , Phalgune Deepak
Published: December 2022

Surgical treatment of lipomas is considered when they are painful or unsightly. Surgical management can sometimes be tricky, and surgeons must keep in mind the potential risk of malignancy with large tumours. The present case was of a 46-year-old male with a giant lipoma with a neck on right buttock. Kshara Sutra thread ligation was performed in an outpatient department under local anaesthesia. No internal medication was given for wound healing or infection control. No stitches were taken. The lipoma was cut and removed on the third day without any post-operative complications such as infection, severe pain, or bleeding. Kshar Sutra treatment can be a safe, alternative herbal treatment for lipoma with the neck.