bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BEZERRA, Arthur Coelho; SCHNEIDER, Marco; PIMENTA, Ricardo Medeiros; SALDANHA, Gustavo Silva. iKRITIKA: Estudos críticos em informação. 1a ed. Rio de Janeiro: Garamond, 2019. 252 p.
Authors: Marques Rodrigo Moreno
Published: August 2020

BEZERRA, Arthur Coelho; SCHNEIDER, Marco; PIMENTA, Ricardo Medeiros; SALDANHA, Gustavo Silva. iKRITIKA: Estudos críticos em informação. 1a ed. Rio de Janeiro: Garamond, 2019. 252 p.
The relationship between prolactin and adipose tissue and metabolic parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: ADANAS Gültekin , TURAN ÖZSOY Hilal Gülsm
Published: August 2020

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a reproductive endocrinopathy, predominantly accompanied by insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic disorder. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible relationship between prolactin and adipose tissue and metabolic parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: A total of 58 patients with PCOS and 34 body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy controls between September 2018 and March 2019 were included in the study. Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues were measured using ultrasonography. Serum prolactin, fasting blood glucose, insulin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride, total cholesterol, luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) levels were measured. Results: The median BMI (p = 0.001), waist circumference (p = 0.002), hip circumference (p = 0.003), waist-to-hip ratio (p = 0.013), LH (p = 0.012), total testosterone (p = 0.004), DHEA-S (p = 0.049), 17-OHP (p = 0.001), insulin (p = 0.001), minimum preperitoneal fat thickness (p = 0.001), maximum preperitoneal fat thickness (p = 0.048), and intraperitoneal fat thickness (p = 0.018) were significantly higher in the PCOS group compared to the control group. However, there was no significant correlation between prolactin levels and adipose tissue parameters and insulin levels in the patients with PCOS. Conclusions: Although there was an increase in the preperitoneal and intraperitoneal fat thickness in the PCOS group compared to the control group, no significant correlation was observed between prolactin and visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues and metabolic parameters.
The role of the sympathoadrenal system candidate gene (ADRB 1, ADRA2B) polymorphism in the antihypertensive efficiency of β-adrenoblocker in the indigenous Shor people
Authors: Mulerova T. A. , Morozova N. I. , Maksimov V. N. , Ogarkov M. Yu.
Published: August 2020

Objective –is to study the dynamics of blood pressure (BP) in the indigenous population of the Shors in response to the antihypertensive therapy with a β-blocker (metoprolol succinate), taking into account the polymorphism of the candidate genes of the sympathetic adrenal system (ADRB1 and ADRA2B).

Design and methods.The study of the indigenous population (the Shors) living in the areas of Mountain Shoria (Kemerovo region) was carried out. Using continuous sampling method, 901 people (18 years old and above) were examined. Measurement of blood pressure was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the Russian Society of Cardiology / the Russian Society of Hypertension (2010). The survey allowed identifying the number of respondents with arterial hypertension (AH) for further observation - 367 people (40.7%). The second screening was performed one year after the patients were included in the study. The criterion for putting the patient under prospective observation was regular intake of the medication prescribed (162 people). Antihypertensive therapy was prescribed by a cardiologist according to the recommendations of the Russian Society of Cardiology /the Russian Society of Hypertension (2010). It included taking a β1-selective medication, metoprolol succinate, from the group of β-adrenergic blockers in a dose of 100 mg per day. Gene polymorphism ADRB1 (c.145A> G, Ser49Gly, rs1801252) and ADRA2B (I/D, rs28365031) were tested using polymerase chain reaction.

Results. The study of the indigenous population proves that there is an association between carrying the A allele in the homozygous state of the ADRB1 gene and achieving the target level of blood pressure (OR = 2.36) while taking a β-blocker (metoprolol succinate). In the Shor population ADRA2B gene polymorphism was not associated with the effective treatment of hypertension using this medication.

Conclusion. An epidemiological study in Mountain Shoria has demonstrated an antihypertensive effect of metoprolol succinate in its dependence on the polymorphism of the candidate genes (ADRB1 and ADRA2B). They are coding the components of the sympathetic adrenal system which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Today there are no clinical algorithms for checking personalized sensibility to the β-blockers, and therefore further research in this area remains a topical subject.
Struktura wypłat z bankomatów z uwzględnieniem typów ich lokalizacji
Authors: Gurgul Henryk , Suder Marcin
Published: August 2020

Jednym z elementów procesu zarządzania siecią bankomatową jest dogłębna analiza struktury wypłat z poszczególnych bankomatów oraz z określonych grup bankomatów o zbliżonej lokalizacji. Jest to element niezbędny przy podejmowaniu decyzji o wyborze lokalizacji dla nowych bankomatów oraz o likwidacji określonego bankomatu lub bankomatów z jakiegoś typu lokalizacji. Ważnymi elementami struktury wypłat, zwłaszcza w ujęciu opłacalności funkcjonowania bankomatu, są liczba oraz wielkość wypłat z bankomatu. Liczba wypłat z bankomatu jest związana bezpośrednio z przychodami operatora z tytułu opłaty interchange oraz reklam wyświetlanych podczas korzystania z bankomatu przez klienta. Im większa liczba operacji wypłat, tym większe przychody dla operatora sieci. Z kolei wielkość wypłat powiązana jest bezpośrednio z kosztami, jakie ponosi operator. Większe wypłaty z danego bankomatu oznaczają wyższe koszty związane z przygotowaniem i dostarczeniem gotówki do bankomatu oraz jej „zamrożeniem” w bankomacie. Celem przeprowadzonych badań jest wskazanie tych typów lokalizacji bankomatów, które potencjalnie przynoszą największe zyski, tzn. występuje w nich najwięcej wypłat o stosunkowo niskiej wartości. Dodatkowo zweryfikowano, czy występuje istotne zróżnicowanie w liczbie wypłat oraz w wielkości wypłat pomiędzy grupami bankomatów z różnych typów lokalizacji. W analizie wykorzystano szeregi czasowe liczby i wielkości wypłat z bankomatów jednego z największych operatorów sieci bankomatowych w Polsce. Dane dotyczą bankomatów zlokalizowanych w województwach małopolskim i podkarpackim. W celu porównania struktury wypłat oraz wykazania ich zróżnicowania w poszczególnych bankomatach i grupach bankomatów wykorzystano podstawowe miary statystyczne oraz wybrane testy statystyczne. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań zostały wyodrębnione te typy lokalizacji, w których instalowanie bankomatów z dużym prawdopodobieństwem przyniesie większy dochód. Przeprowadzone analizy mogą posłużyć operatorom bankomatowym przy wyborze typu lokalizacji.
Стиховедческая метафора в поэзии и прозе Георгия Шенгели
Authors: Рогачева Наталья
Published: August 2020

Статья посвящена проблеме семантики стиховедческого термина и стиховедческой метафоры в художественном и научном дискурсе поэта и стиховеда Георгия Шенгели. Рассматривается комплекс метафор, применяемых Шенгели в теоретических и лирических текстах для определения ритма, рифмы, строфы и других филологических категорий. Предложена тематическая классификация метафорических обозначений стиховой формы (милитаристская, архитектурная, органическая и др. метафоры стиха). На основе анализа пневматологической метафоры в стиховедческом и научном текстах Шенгели показано сходство и различие формирования переносного значения образа в научном и художественном контекстах.
Два вида топосов
Authors: Васильева Ирина , Двинятин Федор , Степанов Андрей
Published: August 2020

В статье ставится вопрос о разновидностях топосов и предлагается классификация, включающая топосы-концептуализаторы, в основе которых лежит уподобление и сопоставление или концептуальный элемент риторического аргумента, и топосы-дескрипторы, описывающие мир и человека и близкие к формулам и клише. Два вида топосов соответствуют фундаментальным категориям аргументации: «рассуждению» и «описанию». Функционирование этих топосов демонстрируется на многочисленных примерах из литературы постриторической эпохи (XIX в.), чем доказывается ее преемственность по отношению к «эпохе готового слова».
The Amendment with Chitin and/or Chitosan Improves the Germination and Growth of Lycopersicon esculentum L., Capsicum annuum L. and Solanum melongena L.
Authors: Amine Rkhaila , Abla El Hartiti , Mohammed Bouziani Idrissi , Khadija Ounine
Published: August 2020

Background: Chitin and chitosan are natural products extracted from shrimp shells. They are non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable which favors many applications in agricultural domain. Moreover, chitin and chitosan are known as stimulators of photosynthetic rates and enhance pants growth through minerals contains (C, O, N ….). In the present study, these co-products are evaluated for their ability to stimulate the germination and growth of Lycopersicon esculentum L., Capsicum annuum L. and Solanum melongena L. Methods: The experiments were conducted at Ibn Tofail University-Kenitra, between July 2016 to January 2018. The experiments are carried out by using a germination test for the three seeds. On the other hand, the in vivo test is used to determine the effect of the biopolymers on plant growth (length, fresh and dry weights of aerial and root parts, number and weight of the obtained fruits). Result: In vitro studies reveal a promoter action of chitosan and the mixture chitin-chitosan on increasing seed germination percentage by 16%, 34% and 22%. Thus, at both 25, 50 and 100 mg/l of chitin or chitosan, increase vigor index, shoot length and root is obtained. In vivo, the effect of chitin and chitosan is limited to stimulation of the lengths, fresh and dry weights of plants. However, a highly significant increase in the number and weight of the fruits is marked by the weekly soil amendment by the chitin-chitosan mixture at 25 mg/l and 100 mg/l.
Evaluation of Physiological and Biochemical Contents in Desi and Kabuli Chickpea
Authors: Tiwari Sushma , Sahu Vinod Kumar , Gupta Neha , Tripathi M. K. , Yasin M.
Published: August 2020

Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), a self-pollinating legume being cultivated globally as a rich source of vegetarian protein. It plays an important role in human feed and nutritional security, especially in agricultural-based communities. Chickpea has higher bioavailability of protein, good sources of polyphenols and flavonoids. Besides their nutritional value, chickpea seeds contain various phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds are of particular interest due to their contribution to the seed colour, sensory characteristics and several biological properties. Flavonoids are one of the main groups of phenolic compounds found in grain legumes. Desi and Kabuli chickpeas are being used worldwide and there are few studies where both desi and kabuli chickpeas seed flour for above properties with respect to physiological traits has been reported. Methods: The present investigation has been formulated to compare popular chickpea genotypes of desi and kabuli types for biochemical parameters viz., protein content, amino acid, total flavonoid content, total phenolic contents and RSA as well as two physiological traits i.e., chlorophyll content and leaf area index. The experiment consisted of 44 genotypes () grown in Randomized Block Design with row to row distance of 30 cm, in two replications during Rabi 2018-19. Result: The average crude protein content in desi and kabuli chana varied from 18.2% (Dollar variety) to 26.7% (JG315) and total phenolic content (TPC) ranged 1.22 to 0.74 mg/g. Total Flavonoid content (TFC) varied from 0.39 (ICCV-2) to 0.61 mg/g (JAKI-9218) with mean value of 0.47. Radical scavenging activity (RSA) in chickpea genotypes ranged from 36.2 to 49.5% with mean value of 40.86%. Total amino acid significantly correlated with TPC and TFC and TPC significantly correlated with TFC at 5% significant level.
Interculturalidade, identidade e decolonialidade: ­desafios políticos e educacionais
Authors: Fleuri Reinaldo Matias
Published: August 2020

A conceituação de interculturalidade tem sido importante para a implementação de políticas educacionais. Entretanto, constitui um campo complexo de debate entre múltiplas perspectivas que não podem ser reduzidas um esquema universal. Neste contexto, as lutas por justiça social e por construir sociedade plural, democrática, requerem a compreensão dos fundamentos epistemológicos da sociedade moderno-colonial, bem como a problematização dos processos de subalternização e racialização inerentes à constituição do sistema-mundo atual. Estudos recentes, referenciados neste artigo, problematizam o modelo político de Estado-Nação e estudam suas implicações na vida e na políticas dos povos indígenas na América Latina, considerando que o reconhecimento dos povos originários como sujeitos de sua história implica em rever criticamente o imaginário produzido no processo colonizatório sustentado pelas culturas hegemônicas globalizadas. A desconstrução da matriz colonial do poder implica em desarmar o dispositivo de “raça”, que vem sendo historicamente acionado para a distribuição, dominação e exploração da população mundial no contexto capitalista-global do trabalho. E do ponto de vista do saber, torna-se necessária uma ressignificação epistemológica do conhecimento, que desconstrua o pressuposto moderno colonial da “universalidade” das “ciências” e considere as complexidades e as ambivalências produzidas no encontro entre os diferentes saberes e culturas.Palavras-chave: Interculturalidade. Decolonialidade. Indígenas.
Direitos humanos e educação intercultural: as fronteiras da exclusão e as minorias sub-representadas – os indígenas no ensino superior
Authors: Urquiza Antonio H. Aguilera
Published: August 2020

Pretendemos neste texto traçar algumas reflexões acerca da temática da diversidade e sua interface com a educação intercultural, a partir dos direitos das minorias sub-representadas, neste caso, os indígenas. Para isso, optamos como referência autores do campo teórico conhecido como Estudos Culturais, assim como dos Estudos Pós-coloniais: Bhabha, Canclini, Stuart Hall, Grosfoguel e Dussel, mas também autores brasileiros, como Paulo Freire, Silva e Candau. A partir destes referenciais tomamos por base empírica a realidade dos povos indígenas de Mato Grosso do Sul, em particular a situação dos estudantes indígenas nas Instituições de Ensino Superior do estado, as relações de saberes e os direitos básicos destas sociedades. Basicamente trata-se de estudo teórico, tendo por base experiências no trabalho com povos indígenas, o acesso e permanência na Universidade como um direito à diversidade cultural.Palavras-chave: Interculturalidade. Direitos humanos. Saberes indígenas.
Komunikasi Pemasaran Geopark Berbasis Masyarakat Melalui Bauran Facebook, Youtube dan Kanal TV
Authors: Rahardjo Aris
Published: August 2020

Paper ini mengulas pengembangan komunikasi pemasaran pariwisata geopark berbasis masyarakat di desa Peniron Kecamatan Pejagoan Kabupaten Kebu-men. Desa Peniron yang menghadapi sejumlah keterbatasan berhasil mencapai tujuan pemasaran tahap demi tahap setelah mengembangkan komunikasi pema-saran melalui bauran media sosial Facebook, YouTube, dan media tradisional TV secara tanpa bayar. Bauran  elemen komunikasi tersebut memberikan efek pada wisatawan untuk berwisata, sehingga desa pertanian tersebut berubah menjadi desa wisata  yang memberi manfaat ekonomi baru bagi masyarakat lo-kal,  konservasi alam, dan pembangunan berkelanjutan.
Survival Strategies of City Transportation Drivers In Purwokerto Banyumas Regency
Authors: Aini Putri Nur , Badriah Lilis Siti
Published: August 2020

According to the Central Statistics Agency (2017), the proportion of workers in the Indonesias informal sector is 57.03 percent in 2017. One of the jobs in the informal sector is city transportation drivers. Purwokerto has a population of 263,501 people in 2017 spreading across four sub-districts. Population needs for transportation are served by city transportation. The existence of the Trans Jateng bus and the growing development of on-line transportation services have reduced consumer demand for urban transportation services. As a consequence, it had an impact on the income of city transportation drivers. This study aimed to analyze the income and consumption, the welfare of life, and survival strategies of city transportation drivers in Purwokerto in meeting their family needs. The total sample of 78 respondents was selected randomly. The analytical methods used in this study were tabulation, Average Propensity to Consume analysis, comparison between income and Decent Standar of Living in Banyumas Regency, and survival strategies using coping strategies. The results indicated that 51.3 percent of respondents had basic income smaller than other income; the basic income of 89.74 percent of respondents had not been able to meet family consumption, but based on family income, it was obtained that 69.23 percent of respondents has been able to meet family consumption; both of basic income and family income of the majority of drivers have not been able to meet a Decent Standard of Living; the survival strategies used by the respondents were active, passive, and network strategies. This study implies that the Regional Government needs to adopt a policy that supports the city transportation drivers in the form of limiting the number of on-line transportations and monitoring the red zones as well as regulating the Trans Jateng Bus lane so that it may not have a negative impact on the city transportation.
An Analysis Review, Detection Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on Biosensor Application
Authors: Taha Bakr , Arsad Norhana , Al Mashhadany Yousif
Published: August 2020

The global spread of coronavirus disease (COVID -19) worldwide has had a significant effect on social and economic growth. The contamination keeps on advancing quickly and eccentrically, representing a significant test to its recognition and conclusion. Coronaviruses are commonly recognized by seclusion from tests, regardless of whether natural or clinical, utilizing some atomic science procedures, which can take a few days. In this work an analytical review of virus transmission, methods of diagnosing COVID -19 using artificial intelligence techniques to classify images and types of biosensors. At long last, the deformities and points of interest of each kind of sensor are recognized and examined. This exploration gives an explanatory audit of the utilization of crown infection COVID-19 in 2019. Related examinations were led utilizing five dependable databases, for example, Science Direct, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. An acceptable investigation is remembered for this audit, which can be depended upon as a logical database to put resources into another technique for recognizing COIVD-19.
Circulating RP11-445H22.4 and TINCR are Potential Biomarkers for Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Moradi Mohammad-Taher , Rahimi Zohreh
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is a frequently observed type of breast cancer. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with various diseases, including cancer, and they may have the potential to act as biomarkers. Methods. The relative quantitation (RQ) of two lncRNAs, RP11-445H22.4 and TINCR, was measured in tumoral tissues and paired adjacent non-tumoral tissues (PANTs) as well as in plasma samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, promoter methylation of the two lncRNAs genes was assessed using methylation-specific PCR (MSP). In order to compare the diagnostic values, plasma levels of CA 15-3 were measured as a conventional circulating biomarker using ELISA. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to illustrate the sensitivity and specificity of the potential biomarkers. Results. The RP11-445H22.4 and TINCR genes were upregulated in tumor tissues compared to PANTs (RQRP11-445H22.4 = 2.7, RQTINCR = 4.4). Furthermore, the presence of RP11-445H22.4 and TINCR in the plasma of patients was significantly more than healthy controls (RQc.RP11-445H22.4 = 4.12, RQc.TINCR = 4.16, P<0.001). The promoters of RP11-445H22.4 and TINCR genes were hypomethylated in the tumoral tissues with a negative correlation with their gene expression. Conclusion. Based on the findings, it can be speculated that the expression levels of these two lncRNAs as well as their promoter methylation can be considered as a therapeutic target and potential biomarker for breast carcinoma.
Remote Controlled Nociceptive Threshold Testing Systems in Large Animals
Authors: Taylor Polly
Published: August 2020

Nociceptive threshold (NT) testing is widely used for the study of pain and its alleviation. The end point is a normal behavioural response which may be affected by restraint or unfamiliar surroundings leading to erroneous data. Remotely controlled thermal and mechanical NT testing systems were developed to allow free movement during testing and were evaluated in cats, dogs, sheep, horses and camels. Thermal threshold (TT) testing incorporated a heater and temperature sensor held against the animal’s shaved skin. Mechanical threshold (MT) testing incorporated a pneumatic actuator attached to a limb containing a 1 - 2mm radiused pin pushed against the skin. Both stimuli were driven from battery powered control units attached on the animal’s back, controlled remotely via infra-red radiation from a hand held component. Threshold reading was held automatically and displayed digitally on the unit. The system was failsafe with a safety cutout at a preset temperature or force as appropriate. The animals accepted the equipment and behaved normally in their home environment enabling recording of reproducible TT (38.5 – 49.8°C) and MT (2.7 – 10.1N); precise values depended on species, the individual and the stimulus characteristics. Remote controlled NT threshold testing appears to be a viable refinement for pain research.
A microRNA Signature for Impaired Wound-Healing and Ectopic Bone Formation in Humans
Authors: de Vasconcellos Jaira F. , Jackson Wesley M. , Dimtchev Alexander , Nesti Leon J.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is characterized by the abnormal growth of ectopic bone in soft tissues, frequently occurring within the military population because of extensive orthopaedic combat trauma. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. We hypothesized that a clinically relevant miRNA signature could be detected in patients following injury that progressed to form HO (HO+) or did not form HO (HO−).

Methods:

Tissue samples were obtained from injured servicemembers during their initial surgical debridements, and miRNA profiling was performed using a real-time miRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array. Primary mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) were harvested from debrided traumatized human muscle tissue, and cells were isolated and cultured in vitro. Mimic miRNAs were transfected into MPCs, followed by downstream in vitro analyses.

Results:

The investigation of the miRNA expression profile in the tissue of HO+ compared with HO− patients demonstrated a molecular signature that included the upregulation of miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-206, miR-26a, and miR-125b. Transfection of each of these mature miRNAs into MPCs followed by osteogenic induction demonstrated that miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, and miR-206 enhanced osteogenic differentiation compared with control treatments. In silico and in vitro analyses identified the transcription factor SOX9 as a candidate downstream target of miR-1 and miR-206 miRNAs.

Conclusions:

Our data demonstrated a molecular signature of miRNAs in the soft tissue of wounded servicemembers that was associated with the development of HO, providing novel insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with posttraumatic HO.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Lack of Humoral Immunity Against Glucosaminidase Is Associated with Postoperative Complications in Staphylococcus aureus Osteomyelitis
Authors: Kates Stephen L. , Owen John R. , Beck Christopher A. , Xie Chao , Muthukrishnan Gowrishankar , Daiss John L. , Schwarz Edward M.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Glucosaminidase (Gmd) is known to be a protective antigen in animal models of Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis. We compared the endogenous anti-Gmd antibody levels in sera of patients with culture-confirmed S. aureus bone infections to their sera at 1 year after operative treatment of the infection.

Methods:

A novel global biospecimen registry of 297 patients with deep-wound culture-confirmed S. aureus osteomyelitis was analyzed to assess relationships between baseline anti-Gmd serum titers (via custom Luminex assay), known host risk factors for infection, and 1-year postoperative clinical outcomes (e.g., infection control, inconclusive, refracture, persistent infection, septic nonunion, amputation, and septic death).

Results:

All patients had measurable humoral immunity against some S. aureus antigens, but only 20 patients (6.7%; p < 0.0001) had high levels of anti-Gmd antibodies (>10 ng/mL) in serum at baseline. A subset of 194 patients (65.3%) who completed 1 year of follow-up was divided into groups based on anti-Gmd level: low (<1 ng/mL, 54 patients; 27.8%), intermediate (<10 ng/mL, 122 patients; 62.9%), and high (>10 ng/mL, 18 patients; 9.3%), and infection control rates were 40.7%, 50.0%, and 66.7%, respectively. The incidence of adverse outcomes in these groups was 33.3%, 16.4%, and 11.1%, respectively. Assessing anti-Gmd level as a continuous variable showed a 60% reduction in adverse-event odds (p = 0.04) for every tenfold increase in concentration. No differences in patient demographics, body mass index of >40 kg/m2, diabetes status, age of ≥70 years, male sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index of >1, or Cierny-Mader host type were observed between groups, and these risk factors were not associated with adverse events. Patients with low anti-Gmd titer demonstrated a significant 2.68-fold increased odds of adverse outcomes (p = 0.008).

Conclusions:

Deficiency in circulating anti-Gmd antibodies was associated serious adverse outcomes following operative treatment of S. aureus osteomyelitis. At 1 year, high levels of anti-Gmd antibodies were associated with a nearly 3-fold increase in infection-control odds. Additional prospective studies clarifying Gmd immunization for osteomyelitis are needed.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty in a Patient with Nail-Patella Syndrome
Authors: Yang JaeWon , Heckmann Nathanael D. , Della Valle Craig J.
Published: August 2020

Case:

A 46-year-old woman with a medical history of nail-patella syndrome (NPS) presented with chronic right knee pain. Radiographic and physical examination revealed isolated medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis and a hypoplastic laterally subluxed patella. The patient was successfully treated with a medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).

Conclusion:

In patients with NPS and osteoarthritis limited to one tibiofemoral compartment, a UKA may be successfully performed.
Aqueous Solution of Ketone Solvent for Enhanced Water Imbibition in Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Wang Mingyuan , Abeykoon Gayan A. , Argüelles-Vivas Francisco J. , Okuno Ryosuke
Published: August 2020

This paper presents four dynamic imbibition experiments using fractured limestone cores with aqueous solutions of 3-pentanone and a nonionic surfactant. Results of the dynamic imbibition experiments were analyzed by the material balance for components: oil, brine, and chemical (3-pentanone or surfactant). The analysis resulted in a quantitative evaluation of the imbibed fraction of the injected components (brine and chemical additives) and the relative contribution of these components to the oil displacement in the matrix.

Results show that 3-pentanone and surfactant both can enhance the imbibition of brine through wettability alteration; however, 3-pentanone is more efficient in transferring from a fracture to the surrounding matrix. The imbibed fraction was more than 57.0% for 3-pentanone, and only 6.0% for surfactant at the end of the chemical-slug stage. During injection of the 3-pentanone solution, brine and 3-pentanone both displaced oil from the matrix pore volume (PV).

Results of the material-balance analysis suggest that an optimal process with an aqueous wettability modifier will have a large imbibed fraction to rapidly enhance the oil displacement by brine in the matrix. Such a process will benefit from chase brine and soaking (or shut-in) so that the oil recovery can be maximized for a small amount of chemical injection.
Leishmania infection induces a limited differential gene expression in the sand fly midgut
Authors: Coutinho-Abreu Iliano V. , Serafim Tiago D. , Meneses Claudio , Kamhawi Shaden , Oliveira Fabiano , Valenzuela Jesus G.
Published: August 2020

Background: Sand flies are the vectors of Leishmania parasites. To develop in the sand fly midgut, Leishmania multiplies and undergoes various stage differentiations giving rise to the infective form, the metacyclic promastigotes. To determine the changes in sand fly midgut gene expression caused by the presence of Leishmania, we performed RNA-Seq of uninfected and Leishmania infantum-infected Lutzomyia longipalpis midguts from seven different libraries corresponding to time points which cover the various Leishmania developmental stages. Results: The combined transcriptomes resulted in the de novo assembly of 13,841 sand fly midgut transcripts. Importantly, only 113 sand fly transcripts, about 1%, were differentially expressed in the presence of Leishmania parasites. Further, we observed distinct differentially expressed sand fly midgut transcripts corresponding to the presence of each of the various Leishmania stages suggesting that each parasite stage influences midgut gene expression in a specific manner. Two main patterns of sand fly gene expression modulation were noted. At early time points (days 1-4), more transcripts were down-regulated by Leishmania infection at large fold changes (> 32 fold). Among the down-regulated genes, the transcription factor Forkhead/HNF-3 and hormone degradation enzymes were differentially regulated on day 2 and appear to be the upstream regulators of nutrient transport, digestive enzymes, and peritrophic matrix proteins. Conversely, at later time points (days 6 onwards), most of the differentially expressed transcripts were up-regulated by Leishmania infection with small fold changes (< 32 fold). The molecular functions of these genes have been associated with the metabolism of lipids and detoxification of xenobiotics. Conclusion: Overall, our data suggest that the presence of Leishmania produces a limited change in the midgut transcript expression profile in sand flies. Further, Leishmania modulates sand fly gene expression early on in the developmental cycle in order to overcome the barriers imposed by the midgut, yet it behaves like a commensal at later time points where a massive number of parasites in the anterior midgut results only in modest changes in midgut gene expression.
Multi-tissue transcriptome analysis using hybrid-sequencing reveals potential genes and biological pathways associated with azadirachtin A biosynthesis in neem (Azadirachta indica) 
Authors: Wang Huiyan , Wang Ning , Huo Yixin
Published: August 2020

Background: Azadirachtin A is a triterpenoid from neem tree exhibiting excellent activities against over 600 insect species in agriculture. The production of azadirachtin A depends on extraction from neem tissues, which is not an eco-friendly and sustainable process. The low yield and discontinuous supply of azadirachtin A impedes further applications. The biosynthetic pathway of azadirachtin A is still unknown and is the focus of our study. Results: We attempted to explore azadirachtin A biosynthetic pathway and identified the key genes involved by analyzing transcriptome data from five neem tissues through the hybrid-sequencing (Illumina HiSeq and Pacific Biosciences Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT)) approach. Candidates were first screened by comparing the expression levels between the five tissues. After phylogenetic analysis, domain prediction, and molecular docking studies, 22 candidates encoding 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC), alcohol dehydrogenase, cytochrome P450 (CYP450), acyltransferase, and esterase were proposed to be potential genes involved in azadirachtin A biosynthesis. Among them, two unigenes encoding homologs of MaOSC1 and MaCYP71CD2 were identified. A unigene encoding the complete homolog of MaCYP71BQ5 was reported. Accuracy of the assembly was verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and full-length PCR cloning. Conclusions: By integrating and analyzing transcriptome data from hybrid-seq technology, 22 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were finally selected as candidates involved in azadirachtin A pathway. The obtained reliable and accurate sequencing data provided important novel information for understanding neem genome. Our data shed new light on understanding the biosynthesis of other triterpenoids in neem trees and provides a reference for exploring other valuable natural product biosynthesis in plants.
Defining pain and interference recovery trajectories after acute non-catastrophic musculoskeletal trauma through Growth Mixture Modeling 
Authors: Lee Joshua , Walton David M. , Tremblay Paul , May Curtis , Millard Wanda , Elliott James M. , MacDermid Joy C.
Published: August 2020

BackgroundRecovery trajectories support early identification of delayed recovery and can inform personalized management or phenotyping of risk profiles in patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the trajectories in pain severity and functional interference following non-catastrophic musculoskeletal (MSK) trauma in an international, mixed injury sample. MethodsA prospective longitudinal cohort (n= 241) was formed from patients identified within four weeks of trauma, from attendance at emergency or urgent care centres located in London, ON, Canada, or Chicago, IL, USA. Pain interference was measured via the Brief Pain Inventory (London cohort) or the Neck Disability Index (Chicago cohort). Pain severity was captured in both cohorts using the numeric pain rating scale. Growth mixture modeling and RM repeated measures ANOVA approaches identified distinct trajectories of recovery within pain interference and pain severity data. ResultsFor pain interference, the three trajectories were labeled accordingly: Class 1 = Rapid recovery (lowest intercept, full or near full recovery by 3 months, 32.0% of the sample); Class 2 = Delayed recovery (higher intercept, recovery by 12 months, 26.7% of the sample); Class 3 = Minimal or no recovery (higher intercept, persistently high interference scores at 12 months, 41.3% of the sample). For pain severity, the two trajectories were labeled: Class 1 = Rapid recovery (lower intercept, recovery by 3 months, 81.3% of the sample); and Class 2 = Minimal or no recovery (higher intercept, flat curve, 18.7% of the sample). The “Minimal or No Recovery” trajectory could be predicted by female sex and axial (vs. peripheral) region of trauma with 74.3% accuracy across the 3 classes for the % Interference outcome. For the Pain Severity outcome, only region (axial trauma, 81.3% accuracy) predicted the “Minimal or No Recovery” trajectory. ConclusionsThese results suggest that three meaningful recovery trajectories can be identified in an international, mixed-injury sample when pain interference is the outcome, and two recovery trajectories emerge when pain severity is the outcome. Females in the sample or people who suffered axial injuries (head, neck, or low back) were more likely to be classed in poor outcome trajectories. Trial registrationNational Institutes of Health - clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02711085; Retrospectively registered Mar 17, 2016)
Aortic stiffness and central hemodynamics in treatment naïve HIV infection: A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Martínez-Ayala Pedro , Alanis-Sánchez Guillermo Adrian , Gonzalez-Hernández Luz Alicia , Álvarez-Zavala Monserrat , Cabrera-Silva Rodolfo Ismael , Andrade-Villanueva Jaime Federico , Sánchez-Reyes Karina , Ramos-Solano Moisés , Castañeda-Zaragoza Diego Alberto , Cardona-Müller David , Tostuka-Sutto Sylvia , Cardona-Muñoz Ernesto , Ramos-Becerra Carlos Gerardo
Published: August 2020

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). HIV infection causes a chronic inflammatory state and increases oxidative stress which can cause endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. Aortic stiffness measured by carotid femoral-pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and central hemodynamics are independent cardiovascular risk factors and have the prognostic ability for CVD. We assessed cfPWV and central hemodynamics in young individuals with recent HIV infection diagnosis and without antiretroviral therapy. We hypothesized that individuals living with HIV would present greater cfPWV and central hemodynamics (central systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure) compared to uninfected controls.Methods. We recruited 51 treatment-naïve individuals living with HIV (HIV(+)) without previous CVD and 51 age- and sex-matched controls (HIV negative (-)). We evaluated traditional CVD risk factors including metabolic profile, blood pressure (BP), smoking, HIV viral load, and CD4+ T-cells count. Arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics were evaluated by cfPWV, central systolic BP, and central pulse pressure (cPP) via applanation tonometry.Results. HIV(+) individuals presented a greater prevalence of smoking, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and body mass index. 65.9% of HIV(+) individuals exhibited lymphocyte CD4+ T-cells count <500 cells/µL. There was no difference in brachial or central BP between groups; however, HIV(+) individuals showed significantly lower cPP. We observed a greater cfPWV (mean difference= 0.5 m/s; p<0.01) in HIV(+) compared to controls, even after adjusting for heart rate, mean arterial pressure and smoking.Conclusion: In the early stages of infection, non-treated HIV individuals present a greater prevalence of traditional CVD risk factors, arterial stiffness, and normal or in some cases central hemodynamics.
Proteotranscriptomics assisted gene annotation and spatial proteomics of Bombyx mori BmN4 cell line
Authors: Levin Michal , Scheibe Marion , Butter Falk
Published: August 2020

BackgroundThe process of identifying all coding regions in a genome is crucial for any study at the level of molecular biology, ranging from single-gene cloning to genome-wide measurements using RNA-Seq or mass spectrometry. While satisfactory annotation has been made feasible for well-studied model organisms through great efforts of big consortia, for most systems this kind of data is either absent or not adequately precise. ResultsCombining in-depth transcriptome sequencing and high resolution mass spectrometry, we here use proteotranscriptomics to improve gene annotation of protein-coding genes in the Bombyx mori cell line BmN4 which is an increasingly used tool for the analysis of piRNA biogenesis and function. Using this approach we provide the exact coding sequence and evidence for more than 6,200 genes on the protein level. Furthermore using spatial proteomics, we establish the subcellular localization of thousands of these proteins. We show that our approach outperforms current Bombyx mori annotation attempts in terms of accuracy and coverage. ConclusionsWe show that proteotranscriptomics is an efficient, cost-effective and accurate approach to improve previous annotations or generate new gene models. As this technique is based on de-novo transcriptome assembly, it provides the possibility to study any species also in the absence of genome sequence information for which proteogenomics would be impossible.
Point prevalence mapping reveals hotspot for onchocerciasis transmission in the Ndikinimeki Health District (Centre Region, Cameroon)
Authors: Aza’ah Afor René , Sumo Laurentine , Ntonifor Ngum Helen , Bopda Jean , Heumou Rolph Bamou , Djeunga Hugues Nana
Published: August 2020

Background

Ivermectin-based preventive chemotherapy (PC) is distributed annually to all at-risk individuals to control and/or eliminate onchocerciasis. Information on the impact of mass ivermectin administration on onchocerciasis transmission are scanty, and it is tricky to appreciate the progress towards elimination and engage corrective measures. To fill that gap in the Centre Region in Cameroon, the current onchocerciasis endemicity level in the Ndikinimeki Health District after about two decades of mass treatments was assessed.

Methods

A cluster-based cross-sectional survey was carried out in the Ndikinimeki Health District and all volunteers aged ≥5 years were (i) interviewed on their compliance to ivermectin over the past five years and (ii) underwent clinical (nodule palpation and visual search for onchocercal lesions) and parasitological examinations (skin snip) for onchocerciasis.

Results

The overall Onchocerca volvulus prevalence was 7.0% (95% CI: 5.2-9.3). The prevalence of the disease was significantly higher in the communities Kiboum 1 and Kiboum 2 compared to the other communities (highest prevalence in Makénéné Town Water: 8.5%; 95% CI: 2.3-20.4) (χ2 = 51.314, df = 11, P = 0.0001). The proportion of systematic non-compliers to ivermectin was 23.3% (95% CI: 19.9-27.1) among individuals interviewed. In the sentinel sites (Kiboum communities), onchocerciasis prevalence decreased from 95.2% (95% CI: 88.3-98.1) to 23.7% (95% CI: 14.7-36.0).

Conclusions

This study has revealed that the Ndikinimeki Health District is hypo-endemic for onchocerciasis after about two decades of preventive chemotherapy. However, transmission is ongoing, with a potential hotspot in the Kiboum 1 and Kiboum 2 communities, which are known as first-line communities (closest to the breeding sites of the vector). Alternative or complementary strategies to annual ivermectin appear compulsory to accelerate the momentum towards onchocerciasis elimination.
Validation of Coronal Mass Ejection Arrival-Time Forecasts by Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations based on Interplanetary Scintillation Observations
Authors: Iwai Kazumasa , Shiota Daikou , Tokumaru Munetoshi , Fujiki Ken'ichi , Den Mitsue , Kubo Yûki
Published: August 2020

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) cause various disturbances of the space environment; therefore, forecasting their arrival time is very important. However, forecasting accuracy is hindered by limited CME observations in interplanetary space. This study investigates the accuracy of CME arrival times at the Earth forecasted by three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations based on interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observations. In this system, CMEs are approximated as spheromaks with various initial speeds. Ten MHD simulations with different CME initial speed are tested, and the density distributions derived from each simulation run are compared with IPS data observed by the Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya University. The CME arrival time of the simulation run that most closely agrees with the IPS data is selected as the forecasted time. We then validate the accuracy of this forecast using 12 halo CME events. The average absolute arrival-time error of the IPS-based MHD forecast is approximately 5.0 h, which is one of the most accurate predictions that ever been validated, whereas that of MHD simulations without IPS data, in which the initial CME speed is derived from white-light coronagraph images, is approximately 6.7 h. This suggests that the assimilation of IPS data into MHD simulations can improve the accuracy of CME arrival-time forecasts. The average predicted arrival times are earlier than the actual arrival times. These early predictions may be due to overestimation of the magnetic field included in the spheromak and/or underestimation of the drag force from the background solar wind, the latter of which could be related to underestimation of CME size or background solar wind density.
Imaging biomarkers of contrast-enhanced computed tomography predict survival in oesophageal cancer after definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Zeng Chengbing , Zhai Tiantian , Chen Jianzhou , Guo Longjia , Huang Baotian , Guo Hong , Liu Guozhi , Zhuang Tingting , Liu Weitong , Luo Ting , Wu Yanxuan , Peng Guopeng , Li Derui , Chen Chuangzhen
Published: August 2020

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive potential of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT)-based imaging biomarkers (IBMs) for the treatment outcomes of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients after definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Methods: Altogether, 154 patients with OSCC who underwent definitive CCRT were included in this retrospective study. All patients were separated randomly to a training cohort (n=99) and the validation cohort (n=55). Pre-treatment contrast-enhanced CT scans were obtained for all patients and used for the extraction of IBMs. An IBM score was constructed by using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator with Cox regression analysis in the training cohort and tested in the validation cohort. IBM nomograms were built based on IBM scores for individualized survival estimation. Finally, a decision curve analysis was performed to estimate the clinical usefulness of the nomograms. Results: Altogether, 96 IBMs were extracted from each contrast-enhanced CT scan. The IBM score constructed by 11 CT-based IBMs, using LASSO-Cox regression method in training cohort. The multivariate analysis revealed that IBM score was the independent prognostic factor correlated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). In the training cohort, the C-indices of IBM scores were 0.734 (95%CI, 0.664–0.804) and 0.678 (95%CI, 0.607–0.745) for OS and PFS, respectively. In the validation cohort, C-indices were 0.672 (95%CI, 0.578–0.766) and 0.662 (95%CI, 0.573–0.751) for OS and PFS, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed significantly different between risk subgroups in training and validation cohort. The decision curve showed the clinical usefulness of IBM score. Conclusions: The IBM score based on pre-treatment contrast-enhanced CT could predict the OS and PFS for patients with OSCC after definitive CCRT. Further multicentre studies with larger sample sizes are warranted.