bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zakah, Poverty Alleviation, and Inclusive Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Kareem Muritala Kewuyemi , Bankole Abiodun Surajudeen
Published: February 2025

Macroeconomic literature is replete with discussions on fiscal policy in both developed and developing economies but not much research has been done on zakah, a compulsory tax on Muslims, especially its role in alleviating poverty and generating inclusive growth. Zakah primarily aims at taking surplus money or wealth from the comparatively well-to-do members of the Muslim society and give it to the destitute, the needy and the wayfarer, among others, to improve their purchasing power and economic prosperity. Thus, there is a need to investigate the impact of zakah on poverty alleviation and inclusive growth by assessing the nature of the nexus between zakah and poverty alleviation as well as how and the extent to which those assisted with zakah funds move out of poverty and contribute to inclusive growth. The paper uses descriptive statistics and ordinary least square regression and found that zakah can contribute to the empowerment of the recipients and can additionally alleviate the poverty of the poor who use the unconditional transfer for shelter, debt repayment, medical support, among others.
Further Evidence on the Stability of Islamic versus Conventional Banks in selected GCC countries from 1999 to 2015
Authors: Abdul karim Norzitah , Alhabshi Syed Musa Syed Jaafar , Kassim Salina , Haron Razali
Published: February 2025

Based on the theory of financial intermediation from both the perspective of original theory and the Islamic perspective, this paper aims to investigate the level of stability of the Islamic and the conventional banks. It also examines the different timing effects including the period of crisis on the stability of the Islamic and the conventional banks. The study evaluates 51 conventional banks and 50 Islamic banks in selected Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) using data from the Bankscope database over the period of 1999 to 2015. The study employs two-sample t-test with unequal variance t-test and the non-parametric Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney test to compare i) mean of Islamic versus conventional banks over different timing period ii) mean of tested period versus other periods for each of the Islamic and conventional banks. The study suggests that the GCC Islamic banks are more stable compared to their conventional counterparts.  However, in testing different timing period, only GCC conventional banks seem to be affected by the crisis period while Islamic banks are less prone to the crisis.. Findings of this study contribute to the literature and fill the gap towards extending the theory of financial intermediation through empirical works of investigating the stability of the Islamic and the conventional banks.
Maqasid Al-Shari'ah in Ijarah (Leasing) Contract of Islamic Banking System
Authors: Lateef Adeyemo Wale , Abdurrazzaq Alawiye Abdulmumin , Shukor Syahirah Abdul , Tajudin Amalina Ahmad
Published: February 2025

The operating ijarah and ijarah financing are currently generating interest among the Islamic banks, investors, customers and even policy makers due to their less risk overloads and better profits to the public. This paper attempts to highlight the benefits of applying the Islamic legal objectives (Maqasid Al-Shariâ€™ah) in ijarah contract, and how a strict compliance to the latter can help manage Shariâ€™ah, business and distribution of wealth in the society. The paper discusses the impact of Muslim scholars in applying ijtihad and analogical deduction to fashion out the appropriate ruling in respect of the issues, by putting into consideration what would be the best interest of Islam and Muslim community as a whole. It also discusses the consent of the contracting parties as one of the conditions validating the ijarah contract, and as a supplement to the objective of avoiding injustice and embezzlement of another personâ€™s wealth. The paper explains how the profit made and the risks incurred, if any, are shared between the parties involved in ijarah transaction which are proportionally shared according to what has been earlier agreed upon.
Good Governance and Sustainability in Islamic Microfinance Institutions
Authors: Kassim Salina , Hassan Rusni , Kassim Siti Nadhirah
Published: February 2025

In the context of microfinance institutions (MFIs), good governance is highly critical in ensuring that the interests of the diverse stakeholders are being protected, while simultaneously safeguarding the viability and financial sustainability of the institution. As the microfinance industry scales up and expands globally, the decision making and operational processes of the MFIs are becoming increasingly complex, hence the need for stronger governance. This paper explores the relationship between good governance and sustainability particularly in the context of the Islamic MFIs. It also examines the mechanisms of governance in Islamic MFIs by critically evaluating the best practices of governance in the microfinance industry.
A Life Cycle Approach to Islamic Wealth Management and Risk Tolerance
Authors: Abdullah Adam
Published: February 2025

This paper examines a holistic, life cycle approach to Islamic wealth planning and management in relation to risk tolerance. In determining asset allocation, Islamic wealth planning must consider more than the risk-return trade-off of financial assets and take into account life cycle financial advice. This paper adapts a life balance sheet accounting approach that reflects both explicit and implicit Shariâ€™ah compliant items in determining core capital, non-discretionary and discretionary wealth. The significance is that a Muslim wealth manager can objectively determine risk tolerance from implied leverage within the discretionary wealth framework of life cycle financial advice that better reflects the private clientâ€™s emotional goals and provides more flexibility in asset allocation. This contrasts with traditional net worth analysis of product-orientated personal financial planning that includes a subjective risk tolerance function derived from a questionnaire in determining asset allocation. This paper proposes a more holistic, sophisticated, goal-orientated approach, thereby enhancing the delivery of Shariâ€™ah compliant Islamic wealth management services.
The Effect of Corporate Governance on Islamic Banking Performance: A Maqasid Shari'ah Index Approach on Indonesian Islamic Banks
Authors: Syafa'atur Rahman Audia , Haron Razali
Published: February 2025

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the Maqasid al-Shariâ€™ah performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia for the period from 2012 to 2016. The Simple Additive Weighting (TSAW) is employed to obtain the performance of IBs according to the Maqasid al-Shariâ€™ah. This study found that the Maqasid Index for Indonesia IBs within the range between 11% and 28% with only few banks achieved above 20%. The impact of SSB characteristics and board structures are then tested on the IBs Maqasid al-Shariâ€™ah performance. Regression result indicates that SSB characteristics (SSB size, SSB cross membership, SSB Education and SSB reputation) and board structures (Board size and Board independence) have an essential role in improving the performance of IBs. The findings denote SSB with smaller size, higher portion of SSB cross membership, lesser SSB hold doctorate degree, lesser reputable scholar, more members on board of directors, and less independence non-executive directors enhance the performance of IBs. This study offers practical implication and regulators in Indonesia should set up and impose a more robust and new tool to evaluate the Maqasid al-Shariâ€™ah performance index in order to assess how far the role of IBs have contributed to the society. This will help all stakeholders to have informed decision which not only concentrates on performance based on financial ratios but also the entire dimensions of IBs that reflect the main purpose of IBs.
A New Approach in Education for Islamic Finance Awareness in Russia
Authors: Oziev Gapur , Yandiev Magomet
Published: February 2025

At present, Russia has a unique situation with regard to Islamic finance. On the one hand, there is a huge interest and demand for educational programs in this specialty, not only among Muslims but others as well. On the other hand, presently there are not many job opportunities available in this area. This reflects the lack of solvency of demand for Islamic educational products in educational sphere, and interestingly, each group of citizens has its own motives. Most ordinary citizens who have a sincere interest in Islamic finance have naÃ¯ve understanding about finance in general. Professionals in finance also show great interest in Islamic finance, but the lack of employment prospects for this specialty does not allow them to acquire appropriate educational services. Otherwise, it will be an investment with zero returns. Finally, many high-rank officials - especially after imposition of financial sanctions against Russia â€“ demonstrate a careful demand for Islamic finance sector. They do expect that Islamic finance will solve many of the financial problems of the country and yet they face lack of proper understanding of the specifics of Islamic finance. In general, there is a huge demand for educational products in the sphere of Islamic finance in Russia. However, there is a need for a new approach in education. Therefore, this paper will focus on the followings three focus groups: a) various educational courses to increase public awareness on finance in general and on Islamic finance in particular; b) training for regional leadership and top officials on Islamic finance; c) special programs and training for experts in finance.
Perception of Riba Among the Muslims in Malaysia: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Fontaine Rodrigue
Published: February 2025

This study explores the perception of Muslims in Malaysiaâ€™s about ribaÌ„, eating pork, drinking alcohol and dating. A pilot questionnaire was developed. To avoid social desirability, the questionnaire treated respondents as informants. 267 informants responded to the pilot. The Cronbach alpha was 0.743. The questionnaire was improved with the addition of four additional questions. A new questionnaire was answered by 351 informants. The Cronbach alpha increased to 0.78. The findings were compared to similar data collected on the perceptionsâ€™ towards eating pork, drinking alcohol and dating. About 31% of Muslims have no problems taking ribaÌ„. About 40% of Muslims seem unsure about the legal status of ribaÌ„. 55% said that Muslims take ribaÌ„ from time to time, 48% said that Muslims were forced to take ribaÌ„ while only 36% found that ribaÌ„ was the logical thing to do. Only 25% of Muslims believed that ribaÌ„ would a good thing. Further analysis suggests that there are structural reasons why Muslims take ribaÌ„. This author suggests that these findings establish a base-line from which future researchers might understand how sins become cultually acceptable or become culturally unacceptable.
Transparency Problems in Cash Flow Transformation and Reserves Management in Islamic Investment Accounts
Authors: Badreldin Ahmed
Published: February 2025

Islamic banks must comply with the interest rate prohibition to maintain Shariâ€™ah compliance. This means that depositors cannot be offered fixed guaranteed returns on their investments. As an alternative, Islamic banks offer profit sharing investment accounts that depend on underlying investments to generate their cash flows. These cash flows are then transformed by the management before they are finally paid out to the investment account holders. The objective of these cash flow transformations is to transform the stochastic returns of the underlying investment to more stable (to an extent non-stochastic) returns for investment account holders. This is required or recommended by regulatory authorities and aims to mitigate system-wide mass withdrawals by investors (Withdrawal Risk). However, managing such reserves comes at a price, and this is the focus of this paper. These reserves create a veil of intransparent practices while hiding the actual performance of the investment accounts. Furthermore, they may end up defrauding some depositors from their deserved profits (inter-generational reserves ownership problem). Finally, mitigating withdrawal risk by matching the returns of competing riskless deposits while ignores the risks of Islamic investment accounts that associated with investing in the real economy. Some of these issues have gone relatively unnoticed in the literature or at least not combined in a structured manner. Therefore, it is highlighted in this paper the problematic nature from an ethical and Shariâ€™ah compliance perspective and if not from a pure financial regulatory one.
An Empirical Study of Shari'ah Compliance in Islamic Banks of Pakistan
Authors: Abbas Muhammad Hassan , Ali Hassnian
Published: February 2025

The study is aimed to find out the need of Shariâ€™ah compliance in general and specifically in Islamic banking. It is also to identify the loop holes in the existing Shariâ€™ah compliance system and to recommend some measures to remove Shariâ€™ah non-compliance in Islamic banks in Pakistan. The study is based on both primary and secondary material. Primary data is gathered through a survey and personal interviews with the Islamic banking experts, employees and researchers. This study is based on descriptive method, related testing tools like weighted average, standard deviation and variance. These methods are applied to ensure the reliability of data and research. Shariâ€™ah compliance is regarded as the foundation of the Islamic banking. Though Islamic banks give priority on Shariâ€™ah compliance, a number of factors hinder Shariâ€™ah compliance. Shariâ€™ah knowledge, efforts, and seriousness of the bank authorities and bank employees are the prerequisites for complying appropriately with Shariâ€™ah. Regulatory bodies, executives, and employees of Islamic finance industry are expected to get the idea of the present situation of Shariâ€™ah compliance and to identify their weaknesses. Clients are expected to get guidelines to choose and study Islamic banking products in a better way. The researchers are expected to find new issues and get a more comprehensive statistical and analytical study regarding Shariâ€™ah compliance in Islamic banking which was not done so far.
Determinants of Bank Choice in Afghanistan
Authors: Ateed Hashmatullah , Atiq Ur Rehman
Published: February 2025

Afghanistan is a country with a 99% Muslim population. It was believed that subsequently after the emergence of Islamic banking in the country, the conventional banks would weaken and gradually disappear from the society. But today, the situation is not as expected, even in the presence of Islamic banking, a larger part of the market is still captured by conventional banks. For whys and wherefores, this study deals with a comprehensive descriptive discussion in determining the factors influencing the choice between Islamic and conventional banking. The study also aims to assess the level of awareness of people regarding Islamic banking products. Moreover, the study considers determining the future willingness of conventional banking customers to switch to Islamic banking. Besides, the study also includes a part to understand the reasons for the slow growth of Islamic banking in Afghanistan. The outcome of this study can help Islamic banks to assess their weaknesses and take new steps for improving their products. As a result, the researcher recommends that Islamic banks and windows operating in Afghanistan should focus on developing new marketing strategies, arrange certain seminars to create Islamic banking awareness among people. Furthermore, they should focus on introducing new Shariah-based products as per the market needs and should not only rely on their Islamic image. Moreover, Islamic banks should consider all those factors discussed in this study which influence customerâ€™s choice in todayâ€™s highly competitive banking industry.
Managing Crypto-pegged Exchange Rates Risks in Islamic Banks in the Era of Digitalization Economy and Tokenization
Authors: Ilinka ANTOVA , TAYACHI Tahar
Published: February 2025

The FX markets of the world have become one of the largest of all financial markets. Trading turnover averaged as high as $4.7[1] trillion a day in recent years, 70 times the daily trading volume on the New York Stock Exchange. Online foreign exchange trading is increasing. Electronic foreign exchange trading volume tops 60 percent of overall global foreign exchange trading. Traditionally foreign exchange risk is considered as part of market risk despite being a profound one. Foreign exchange is a critical risk factor that has at times been profound enough to cause entire economies to face crises and move towards recession. In the world of globalization, digitalization and tokenization where banks are expanding their businesses internationally faster than ever the growing foreign exchange and newborn cryptocurrency risk should be set as an independent source in risk management process. The paper analyses the growing pattern of foreign exchange risk within five years period for six Islamic banks in GCC region: National commercial bank Saudi Arabia; Al Baraka Banking group, Bahrain, Al Rajhi Bank, Saudi Arabia, Dubai Islamic Bank, UAE, Qatar Islamic Bank, Qatar and Samba Financial Group, Saudi Arabia (traditional bank with Islamic banking business). The analysis reviles the need for more robust exchange risk management and establishing a new â€œcrypto-gold standardâ€ or crypto-pegged exchange rates for eliminating the volatility and future losses due to it. The results show that tokenization could be a good tool for managing the exchange rate risk.
 
[1] https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424053111903999904576468211853284114
Solving first-order systems of linear hyperbolic partial differential equations using fast Fourier transform
Authors: Zahaykah Yousef , Jwailes Mahmood
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we address the exact solution of the general first-order systems of linear hyperbolic partial differential equations using the Fourier transformation technique. This transformation converts the system from the physical domain into a system of first-order ordinary differential equations in the frequency domain. Utilizing this method, we then solve the wave equation system in n dimensions. Following the derivation of the exact solution, we introduce a numerical algorithm based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to solve the same system numerically. This approach leverages the exact solution obtained in the frequency domain, facilitating efficient and precise numerical computations. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed numerical algorithm, we present numerical experiments. These experiments demonstrate the precision and efficiency of the algorithm when applied to the wave equation system in both two and three dimensions, considering scenarios with continuous and discontinuous initial data.
Parenthood and Depression – a Systematic Review
Authors:   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, RADU Mircea , LICU Monica ,   University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania, GOLU Florinda ,   University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania, DAVID Ioana ,   University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania, COTEL Adriana ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The primary objective of this systematic analysis is to investigate the impact of parenthood on depressive symptomatology, with a focus on understanding how this relationship varies across different parental scenarios, considering factors such as the number of children and various elements within the physiological, psychological, social, socio-economic, and professional domains. Methods: The study encompassed a review of 12 relevant articles published between 2000 and 2023. The research involved adult samples, and the inclusion criteria were determined using the PICO framework. Additionally, the PRISMA guidelines were followed to ensure methodological rigor. Comparative analysis was conducted across five key domains: physiological, psychological, social, socio-economic, and professional, to discern patterns and variations in the impact of parenthood on depressive symptomatology. Results: The analysis revealed that parents with a single child (PA) demonstrated lower levels of depression compared to childless adults (CLA). However, this difference was not observed when parents had 2 or more children. The comparative analysis across physiological, psychological, social, socio-economic, and professional domains indicated multifaceted influences on parental and childless adult depression. Factors such as lack of sleep, fatigue, self-assessment of parental competence, quality of romantic relationships, social responsibilities, resources, financial concerns, and work-home balance were identified as key contributors to parental depression. Childless adults, on the other hand, were influenced by factors including medical conditions, fertility issues, personal epectations, freedom of choice, romantic relationships, social pressures, epectations, socio-economic status (SES), living conditions, and professional growth prospects. Conclusions: In conclusion, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the nuanced relationship between parenthood and depressive symptomatology. The findings underscore the importance of considering the number of children as a critical factor. The analysis of physiological, psychological, social, socio-economic, and professional domains contributes to a holistic comprehension of the comple interplay between parenthood and mental well-being. These insights can inform interventions and support systems tailored to address the unique challenges faced by parents and childless adults.
Total Cholesterol and Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors:   Medical Laboratory Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten, Serang, Indonesia, TRISNA Citra , SUFIYANTI Anis ,   Medical Laboratory Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten, Serang, Indonesia, NIZAR Mardyana ,   Medical Laboratory Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten, Serang, Indonesia, ARMAL Hadits Lissentiyana ,   Medical Laboratory Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten, Serang, Indonesia, WARDOYO Slamet ,   Environmental Health, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia, PRAMUDITA Jessica Juan ,   Blood Bank Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Diabetes Mellitus is a syndrome characterized by high blood sugar levels and various metabolic disorders caused by hormonal imbalance. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between total cholesterol levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus sufferers at Krakatau Medika Hospital, Cilegon City. This research uses a cross sectional research design. The samples in this study amounted to 30 samples. The results of the study showed that total cholesterol levels in type 2 DM sufferers were 68.7%, totalling 22 patients. Frequency distribution of total cholesterol levels based on age with a percentage of 76.5%, totalling 13 patients aged > 50 years. Based on gender, with a percentage of 89.5%, 17 patients were female. Based on body mass inde with a rate of 64%, there were 16 patients with a BMI ≥ 27 (obese). Based on statistical tests show that there is a relationship between total cholesterol levels in type 2 DM sufferers with a p-value of 0.001 (p 0.05).
Correlation Between Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) and Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Semarang, Indonesia
Authors:   Medical Science Faculty of Diponegoro University, Indonesia, LIMIJADI Edward Kurnia Setiawan , HASTUTI Anita Tri ,   Medical Science Faculty of Diponegoro University, Indonesia, RACHMA Devi Elvina ,   Medical Science Faculty of Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) describes abnormal structural and functional kidney conditions that mark a decrease in GFR. Erythropoietin producing peritubular cells are partially or completely damaged by the severity of kidney disease, causing inadequate erythropoiesis and anemia. Anemia is one of the factors causing erythrocyte size variations assessed by the red cell distribution width (RDW). The relationship between GFR kidney function and RDW is currently little studied, this encourages researchers to conduct a study of the correlation between GFR and RDW in patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: Retrospective observational analytic study with cross sectional approach was conducted in 45 chronic kidney disease patients in RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang in December 2018-January 2019. Data include age, weight, urea and creatinine serum, and RDW. Calculation of GFR values using the Cockroft Gault formula. Statistical tests using Spearman’s correlation, p 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The median (minimum-maimum) GFR and RDW are respectively 20 (6-35) mL/min /1.73 m2; 15.7 (12.8-20.6)%. The correlation test of GFR with RDW is r = -0.468 with p=0.001. Ureum, creatinine and RDW have significant different in chronic kidney disease between stadium 3, 4, and 5 (p=0.001). Conclusion: There is a moderate negative correlation between GFR and RDW in patients with chronic kidney disease. Red cell Distribution Width (RDW) can be used as a alternative parameter to evaluate declining of kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3-5.
Retroperitoneal Precaval Pecoma – an Incidental Finding
Authors:   "Fundeni" National Institute, Bucharest, Romania, ANDREI Lucian Sorin , ANDREI Adriana Corina ,   "Fundeni" National Institute, Bucharest, Romania, HERLEA Vlad ,   "Fundeni" National Institute, Bucharest, Romania, ALMARI Florentina ,   "Fundeni" National Institute, Bucharest, Romania, MICU Aleandru ,   "Fundeni" National Institute, Bucharest, Romania
Published: February 2025

PEComas are rare mesenchymal tumors of histologically and immunohistochemically distinctive perivascular epithelioid cells. Most of these tumours are benign, but in malignancies the prognosis is usually very poor. The clinical presentation of this tumours is nonspecific and the imagistic eamination is usually not sufficiently sensitive to establish a diagnosis. The best diagnostic method is histopathological eamination combined with immunohistochemical eamination. Treatment of this tumors is surgery followed by chemotherapy (in case of malignancy). We present the case of a 43-year-old female patient who presented for gynaecological symptoms, and was discovered incidentally during a CT scan with a retroperitoneal precaval mass. The tumour was surgically ecised and the histological and immunohistochemical eamination led to the diagnosis of PEComa with benign characteristics.
ADSORPTION AND REMOVAL BEHAVIOUR OF CHITOSAN COATED CARBON BIOSORBENT TOWARDS POTENTIAL ABATEMENT OF CADMIUM HEAVY METAL FROM WASTEWATER
Authors: M. Soundarrajan  , S. G. Gunasekaran  , V. Arivalagan  , Stephen L. Devaraj
Published: February 2025

In this study, chitosan biopolymer was coated on carbon in up to five coatings. 5th coated carbon was characterized by FT-IR, TGA, DSC, and XRD studies. FTIR study shows that the broadband at 3456.25 cm-1 was accredited to N-H stretching of intermolecular hydrogen bond, O-H starching of alcoholic groups, and the stronger polymeric association of chitosan with activated carbon (Effective coating). TGA shows an increase in the thermal stability of the chitosan by coating it with carbon. DSC shows single glass transition temperature (Tg) due to attractive molecular interaction, showing both materials' polymer miscibility and compatibility. XRD shows the sample is amorphous, and the crystallinity percentage is 18.7%. After characterization, it was used for the adsorption study of Cd2+ from water by changing the parameters such as contact time, dosage of adsorbent, and pH. The optimum contact time was 300 min with 71.5% removal of Cd2+, the adsorbent dose was 5g with 72.5% removal, and pH was 5.5 with 77% removal. Langmuir and Freundlich's adsorption isotherm analyzed sorption data. Sorption data is better fitted to Freundlich's isotherm than the Langmuir isotherm. Sorption data were used for the kinetics study, which followed Pseudo secondorder kinetics.
Творчество и свобода в христианстве
Authors: Елисеев Алексий
Published: February 2025

Цель данного исследования — теоретическое осмысление личности как предмета философского поиска, изучение философских и теологических аспектов свободы и творчества в контексте христианской антропологии. С опорой на идеи Н. А. Бердяева, Н. О. Лосского и других русских мыслителей, анализируется, как свобода становится основой творческой деятельности личности. Творчество рассматривается в качестве акта, рожденного из необусловленной свободы и противопоставленного детерминированной эволюции. Особое внимание уделено влиянию грехопадения на творческую свободу человека и возможность её восстановления через духовное преображение. Также исследуется различие между светским и христианским пониманием свободы и ответственности. Автор приходит к выводу: личность является целостным человеком, выражающим общественные идеалы и ценности, и её развитие происходит через деятельность и взаимодействие с социумом. Через проявление творческой свободы происходит формирование ответственности перед Богом и обществом, что требует отдельного рассмотрения и осмысленного подхода к творческой деятельности. Тайны творчества и свободы неразрывно связаны, отражают внутреннюю свободу человека и соответствуют фундаментальным христианским учениям, в которых свобода является выражением глубочайшей духовной реальности.

The purpose of this study is to theorise personality as an object of philosophical inquiry, to explore the philosophical and theological aspects of freedom and creativity in the context of Christian anthropology. Drawing on the ideas of N. A. Berdyaev, N. O. Lossky and other Russian thinkers, it analyses how freedom becomes the basis for the creative activity of the individual. Creativity is seen as an act born of unconditional freedom and contrasted with deterministic evolution. Particular attention is given to the impact of the fall on human creative freedom and the possibility of restoring it through spiritual transformation. The difference between secular and Christian understandings of freedom and responsibility is also explored. The author concludes that the personality is an integral person who expresses social ideals and values and develops through activity and interaction with society. Through the manifestation of creative freedom there is the formation of responsibility before God and society, which requires a separate consideration and meaningful approach to creative activity, reflecting the deep connection between freedom, creativity and moral perfection. The mystery of creativity and freedom are inseparable, reflect the inner freedom of the human person and correspond to the fundamental Christian teaching in which freedom is an expression of the deepest spiritual reality.
Осудить (,) нельзя (,) канонизировать. Национализм в политической теологии прот. Д. Станилоэ
Authors: Солонченко Александр Александрович
Published: February 2025

В статье с помощью историко-философского метода исследуется один из аспектов политической теологии протоиерея Думитру Станилоэ — отношение к нации и национализму. В первой части статьи приводится описание и основные характеристики феномена национализма, как он понимается в современных политических науках. Во второй части статьи автор выявляет богословские основания и основные положения «онтологии нации» прот. Д. Станилоэ, его отношение к национализму как таковому, к румынской нации и ко всем остальным. В третьей части статьи приводятся оценки политической теологии Д. Станилоэ, данные современными исследователями, выявляются две противоположные тенденции. Далее автор проводит критический анализ основных положений «онтологии нации» прот. Д. Станилоэ, выявляет в ней ряд богословских ошибок и приходит к заключению: концепцию политической теологии Д. Станилоэ можно охарактеризовать как разновидность национализма. Далее выявляется отношение к феномену национализма со стороны наиболее авторитетных современных богословов и констатируется его несовместимость с христианством. В заключении автор говорит: даже если откроется факт, что в конце жизни Д. Станилоэ отрёкся от своей «онтологии нации» и от национализма, необходимо чётко осознавать и артикулировать, что разработанная им концепция политической теологии во многом противоречит православному взгляду на политику и нацию.

The article, using the historical-philosophical method, examines one of the aspects of the political theology of archpriest Dumitru Stăniloae — the attitude towards the nation and nationalism. The first part of the article provides a description and main characteristics of the phenomenon of nationalism as it is understood in modern political sciences. In the second part of the article, the author reveals the theological foundations and main provisions of the «ontology of the nation» of archpriest D. Stăniloae, his attitude to nationalism as such, to the Romanian nation and to all the others. The third part of the article presents assessments of Stăniloae’s political theology given by modern researchers, two opposing tendencies are revealed. The author then conducts a critical analysis of the main provisions of the «ontology of the nation» of archpriest D. Stăniloae, identifies a number of theological errors in it and comes to the conclusion: Stăniloae’s concept of political theology can be characterized as a type of nationalism. Next, the attitude towards the phenomenon of nationalism on the part of the most authoritative modern theologians is revealed and its incompatibility with Christianity is stated. In conclusion, the author says: even if the fact is revealed that D. Stăniloae at the end of his life renounced his «ontology of the nation» and nationalism, it is necessary to clearly understand and articulate that the concept of political theology he developed largely contradicts the Orthodox view of politics and the nation.
Obrana Korčule Antuna Rozanovića
Authors: Bratičević Irena
Published: February 2025

Godine 1571. Antun Rozanović sudjelovao je u obrani Korčule od napada turskih gusara, nakon čega je najvažnija zbivanja vezana uz pripremu obrane i uz samu bitku opisao u latinskom djelu pod naslovom Corcyrae Melenae opus. Njegovo djelo redovito su upotrebljavali povjesničari kao izvještaj koji nudi podatke iz prve ruke, dok s književnoznanstvenog aspekta ono još nije dovoljno istraženo. U ovom se radu Rozanovićevo djelo promatra u odnosu prema izvještajima o obrani koje je sastavio na talijanskom jeziku u obliku dopisa mletačkoj vladi i u obliku pisma prijatelju, a zatim se analiziraju postupci pomoću kojih je sadržaj izvještaja proširen i literarno oblikovan u latinskom tekstu. Na koncu se u skladu s uvriježenom klasifikacijom novolatinske književnosti Rozanovićev tekst smješta u tradiciju historiografskog žanra komentara.
Suputnici
na razmeđu
Authors: Crnić Slaven
Published: February 2025

Rad analizira načine na koje dinamike hegemonijskog maskuliniteta u Travničkoj hronici Ive Andrića izazivaju i reflektiraju šire ideološke i političke sukobe. U užem fokusu rada su teorijski doprinosi studija maskuliniteta proučavanju literarnoga teksta te tri ključna aspekta u kojima se teme kulturnog identiteta i alteriteta prelamaju kroz Andrićeve značenjski bogate reprezentacije raznovrsnih maskuliniteta. Prvo se generacijski sukob koji Andrić uvodi između svoja dva glavna lika, francuskih konzula Davillea i Des Fossésa, interpretativno uokviruje u ključu kritičkih teorija hegemonijskog maskuliniteta. Tekst se potom okreće različitim rodnim profilima koje normativni muškarci Travničke hronike uspostavljaju kroz svoje odnose sa ženama te načinima na koje ti rodni odnosi reflektiraju njihovu specifičnu poziciju unutar konfiguracije hegemonijskog maskuliniteta, ali i šire ideološke stavove i političke ciljeve. Konačno, rad izdvaja dvije specifične situacije u kojima roman kroz mušku homoseksualnost cementira osjećaj pripadnosti među normativnim muškarcima, ali i uspostavlja granice unutar hegemonijskog maskuliniteta koje se protežu kako onkraj njihovih međusobnih sukoba tako i onkraj konfliktnih geopolitičkih misija i sociokulturnih lojalnosti.
Aко романот е
„пропуштена историја“
Authors: Gjorgjieva – Dimova Marija
Published: February 2025

Поаѓајќи од премисите за актуелноста на интердискурзивните релации меѓу книжевноста и историјата во современиот македонски роман, целта на овој текст е да ја елаборира и да ја потврди таа теза преку толкување на романот Ако се родат некакви чувства од македонскиот писател Блаже Миневски. Теориските рамки на истражувањето се поврзани со концепциите за постмодернистичкиот историски роман на Елизабет Веселинг и на Брајан Мекхејл коишто ќе бидат интерпре-тативно применети врз романот на Миневски. Толкувачкиот фокус е поставен врз две рамништа: 1. Врз жанровските варијации на постмодернистичкиот историски роман, отелотворени во моделот „правење историографија“; 2. врз епистемолошките и онтолошките теми во романот на Миневски и метафикциските постапки преку коишто тие теми се артикулирани во романот.
Struktur Morfologi Tanaman Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri ) Pada Habitat Desa Sribunga Kecamatan Buay Pemuka Bangsa Raja Kab Oku Timur
Authors: Mutiara Dian , Rosanti Dewi
Published: February 2025

Research on the morphological structure of porang plants growing in Sribunga Village, Buay Pemuka Bangsa Raja District, East Oku Regency was carried out in This research was carried out from March to June 2024. The porang plants (Amorphophallus muelleri) studied were taken from community plantations in Sribunga Village, Buay District Leaders of the Raja Nation of East Oku Regency. Examination of morphological characteristics was carried out at the Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, PGRI University, Palembang.  The research uses a survey method. Data analysis includes the basic structure of plants, namely roots, leaves, stems and plant modifications.  The morphology of the porang plant (Amorpophallus muellery) has a fibrous root system (radix adventitia). The stem (caulis) has a false stem which is modified into a root tuber. The leaves (folium) are finger-shaped compound leaves. The flowers (flos) are compound cob flowers (spadix) with large reddish bracts (spatha).
„Es wird schwer sein, hier zu studieren“. Transnationale Bildungsbiographien neu zugewanderter mehrsprachiger Schüler*innen im Spannungsfeld von Exklusion und Exklusivität
Authors: Panagiotopoulou Julie A. , Wagner Matthias , Gashi Egzona
Published: February 2025

Der Artikel knüpft an ein Forschungsfeld an, das sich mit individuellen (bildungs-)biographischen Erfahrungen, Deutungen und Bestrebungen zur sozialen und transnationalen Mobilität von neu zugewanderten Schüler*innen befasst. Anhand der biographischen Erzählungen einer aus Griechenland stammenden Biographin, die sich im Interview als Angehörige der albanischen Minderheit und mehrsprachig positioniert, wird das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen ihren Exklusionserfahrungen im griechischen und deutschen Bildungssystem und ihren (familialen) Bildungsentscheidungen für eine exklusive akademische Bildungsbiographie rekonstruiert. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auch die Bedeutung ihrer – in beiden Bildungssystemen systematisch deprivilegierten – Mehrsprachigkeit für die eigene biographische Praxis herausgearbeitet. Abschließend werden selbst- und machtkritische methodologische Reflexionen für die Weiterführung des Projektes vor dem Hintergrund einer Verknüpfung transnationaler Perspektiven mit einer dialogisch-translingualen Interviewführung diskutiert.
Exklusive Bildungsbiographien im Spiegel autosoziobiographischer Selbstzeugnisse von Aufsteiger*innen in der Wissenschaft
Authors: Reuter Julia , Gamper Markus
Published: February 2025

Der Beitrag spürt dem Erkenntnispotenzial autosoziobiographischer Zeugnisse für die Untersuchung ungleicher Bildungsbiographien nach. Dafür wird auf bereits publizierte Aufstiegserzählungen von Professor*innen aus nichtakademischen Herkunftsmilieus zurückgegriffen. These ist, dass die Selbstzeugnisse intime Einblicke in Bildungs- und Berufsbiographien von Aufsteiger*innen bieten, die in der Wissenschaft nach wie vor unterrepräsentiert sind und die über ihren Werdegang selten öffentlich Zeugnis ablegen. Darüber hinaus lassen sie sich durch ihre zum Teil theoretisch unterfütterten Reflexionen gesellschaftlicher (Klassen)Ungleichheitsverhältnisse weniger als Autobiographien denn als Autosoziobiographien verstehen. Neben einer gattungstheoretischen Einordnung und empirischen Plausibilisierung geht der Beitrag zudem auf epistemologische wie methodologische Herausforderungen autosoziobiographischer Selbstzeugnisse ein.
An Empirical Analysis of Loan Repayment Behavior and Default Rates on Digital Lending Platforms: Evidence from an Emerging Market
Authors: Mallinguh Edmund , Wasike Christopher
Published: February 2025

The rapid growth of digital lending platforms has revolutionized access to credit in emerging economies, providing financial opportunities to underserved individuals. Despite these advancements, high loan default rates remain a substantial challenge, threatening the sustainability of these lending platforms and the broader financial ecosystem. This study examines the determinants of loan default among users of mobile-based digital lending platforms in Kenya, a leading adopter of digital financial services. Employing a sample of 161 responses from borrowers, the analysis uses a probit regression model to identify primary predictors of loan default. The study focuses on borrower demographics like age and place of residence and loan characteristics, such as repayment term (period) and interest rates. The results reveal that older customers and those in rural areas are more likely to default on their loans, whereas longer repayment periods reduce the probability of default. Interestingly, the interest rate does not significantly affect default behavior, implying that borrowers prioritize access to credit over its cost. These results underscore the essence of tailoring digital lending practices to the diverse borrower needs and circumstances. By addressing the factors that drive loan defaults, digital platform lenders can improve risk assessment frameworks, enhance financial inclusion, and enhance the sustainability of digital lending platforms. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, lenders, and other industry players seeking to mitigate default risks and foster a more robust digital financial ecosystem.
A munkahelyi egészségvédelmi és biztonsági irányítási rendszer hatékonyságának növelése
Authors: Horváth András , Farkas Gabriella
Published: February 2025

Valamennyi vállalat elemi érdeke, hogy biztosítsa az egészséget nem veszélyeztető és biztonságos munkakörülményekre vonatkozó követelményeket. Az előrelátó vállalatok megértették, hogy a munkabalesetek vagy foglalkozási megbetegedések hatalmas kiadásokkal járnak, és felismerték a cég jó hírére gyakorolt kedvezőtlen hatásukat. Ezek elkerülésében nagy segítség lehet egy bevezetett, hatékonyan működtetett és folyamatosan fejlesztett munkahelyi egészségvédelmi és biztonsági irányítási rendszer. Cikkünkben bemutatjuk annak a kérdőíves felmérésnek az eredményeit, amelyet a MEBIR-rendszerre vonatkozóan készítettünk egy autóipari vállalat munkatársai körében. Fejlesztési javaslatokat teszünk a rendszer vállalaton belüli hatékonyságának javítására, továbbá kitérünk az integrált irányítási rendszerek előnyeire, amelyek előremutatók lehetnek a vállalat minőség- és munkavédelmi központú gondolkodásának megvalósításában.
Szubjektivitás a kockázatmenedzsmentben
Authors: Nagy Sándor
Published: February 2025

Hérakleitosz ókori görög gondolkodó mondta, hogy „az egyetlen állandó a változás maga”. Változó világban élünk és a túlnépesedés, az erőforrások kihasználása, az éghajlatváltozás és még nagyon sok tényező gyorsítja ezeket a folyamatokat, amelyek nemzeti, szervezeti, de egyéni szinten is hatással vannak mindennapjainkra. A változás nem feltétlenül hordoz negatív jelentéstartalmat, ugyanakkor a negatív hatások azok, amelyeket el akarunk kerülni, miközben a pozitív kimenetelekkel szemben bizalommal lépünk fel. A változásokra való felkészülés, illetve a lehetséges kimenetek értékelésének egyik elterjedt és talán leghatékonyabb módja a kockázatmenedzsment, amelynek alapja a kockázatok értékelésével meghatározni, hogy mely kimenet elvárt, elfogadható, illetve melyek azok a folyamatok, amelyeket kezelni kell. Ugyanakkor a kockázatértékelés mindig függ az értékelőtől, akinek objektivitásától nagymértékben függ a végeredmény.
New Methods of Maintenance and Cleaning of Firefighter’s Protective Clothing by Dry Cleaning
Authors: Horváth Lilla , Pántya Péter
Published: February 2025

The condition of personal protective equipment (PPE) worn by firefighters has always been of paramount importance. In this article, the authors briefly describe the work of firefighters, based on analysis of domestic and international literature and their own professional practices, and then the types of contamination of clothing and the health risks they pose. A number of new technologies for the complete removal of contaminants from protective clothing are already on the market, but due to their higher cost, they are unlikely to fully replace the traditional cleaning currently used, but can be an excellent complement to current cleaning processes. The authors then proceed to examine the innovative technological solutions that are currently available in the field of cleaning firefighter protective clothing, before finally proposing the introduction of certain methods.
Riviste e pubblicazioni internazionali
Authors: Balugani Renzo , Ciaramella Antonella , Rago Nicolino
Published: February 2025

Questa selezione di abstract è particolarmente ricca nell'ambito di differenti domini, dove l'ipnosi è ormai accreditata come metodica affidabile di intervento e di ricerca. Contributi significativi esaminano il ruolo dell'ipnosi come parametro chiave coinvolto in studi sperimentali che utilizzano paradigmi neuro-comportamentali, in cui essa conferisce al cervello l'abilità di modulare e alterare efficacemente la processazione della memoria e dolore, l'espressività di effetti cognitivi consolidati (come lo Stroop e lo Hayling), ed i correlati fisiologici che emergono da obiettività all'EEG e al neuroimaging (fMRI e PET). Altri contributi hanno sottoposto a revisione il ruolo dell'ipnosi in comparazione / in associazione ad altre metodiche terapeutiche, e la posizione epistemica di primo ordine occupata anche come forma di indagine stessa. L'avanzamento nell'uso clinico dell'ipnosi ericksoniana viene esaminato nelle sue applicazioni al trattamento della depressione, del dolore e dello stress, in cui recenti risultati mettono in luce l'impatto delle aspettative, del rapport e della alleanza di lavoro in relazione agli outcome di trattamento.