bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Activity-Based Travel Personalization Tool Driven by the Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Dingil Ali Enes , Esztergár-Kiss Domokos
Published: October 2023

The necessity for an external control mechanism that optimizes daily urban trips becomes evident when considering numerous factors at play within a complex environment. This research introduces an activity-based travel personalization tool that incorporates 10 travel decision-making factors driven by the genetic algorithm. To evaluate the framework, a complex artificial scenario is created comprising six activities in a daily plan. Afterwards, the scenario is simulated for predefined user profiles, and the results of the simulation are compared based on the users’ characteristics. The simulations of the scenario successfully demonstrate the appropriate utilization of activity constraints and the efficient implementation of users’ spatiotemporal priorities. In comparison to the base case, significant time savings ranging from 31.2% to 70.2% are observed in the daily activity chains of the simulations. These results indicate that the magnitude of time savings in daily activity simulations depends on how users assign values to the travel decision-making parameters, reflecting the attitudinal differences among the predefined users in this study. This tool holds promise for advancing longitudinal travel behavior research, particularly in gaining a more profound understanding of travel patterns.
Surgical versus Interventional Mitral Valve Repair: Analysis of 1,100 Propensity Score-Matched Patients
Authors: Amabile Andrea , Muncan Brandon , Geirsson Arnar , Kalogeropoulos Andreas P. , Krane Markus
Published: October 2023

Objective. We aimed to investigate outcomes in transcatheter versus surgical mitral valve repair in patients with secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) by leveraging a global, multi-institutional federated network database. Methods. Using validated ICD-10 and CPT codes, the TriNetX Analytics Research Data Network (a global federated database of electronic health records from 58 healthcare organizations) was queried to identify patients diagnosed with chronic, severe, ischemic MR and undergoing either transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) or surgical mitral valve repair (SMVr) between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2020. To adjust for baseline differences, 1 : 1 propensity score matching was performed via logistic regression using the nearest-neighbor approach and matching for 29 covariates including demographics, comorbidities, surgical history, preoperative medications, left ventricular function and heart failure status. We compared 1- and 3-year mortality rates and 1- and 3-year mitral valve reoperation rates in the matched cohorts using Kaplan-Meier estimates and adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. Results. A total of 2,352 patients met inclusion criteria (1,392 in the surgical mitral valve repair group and 960 in the TMVr group). After 1 : 1 propensity score matching, a total of 550 patients undergoing surgical mitral valve repair (SMVr) were compared to 550 patients undergoing TMVr. All characteristics were adequately matched between the cohorts (standardized mean difference <0.1). At 1- and 3-years respectively, mortality rate was 13.4% and 20.7% for surgical patients and 19.8% and 40.3% for TMVr patients. When compared to TMVr, patients undergoing SMVr were significantly less likely to face mortality at 3 years (HR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.31–0.56,

p
 
<
 
0.0001

). At 1- and 3-years respectively, mitral valve reoperation was 2.2%, and 2.4% for surgical patients and 6.6% and 7.8% for TMVr patients. When compared to TMVr, patients undergoing SMVr were significantly less likely to undergo mitral valve reintervention at 3 years (HR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.14–0.58, p = 0.0002). Conclusion. In a real-world, propensity score matching analysis of a large cohort of patients with chronic ischemic MR, surgical mitral valve repair had significantly better survival rates and significantly lower reintervention rates at 1- and 3-years compared to TMVr.
Optimal BESS Sizing for Industrial Facilities Participating in RTP DR
Authors: Shakrina Youssef , Al Sobbahi Rayan , Margossian Harag
Published: October 2023

The predictability of their manufacturing lines allows industrial facilities to optimize their production scheduling and to participate in demand response (DR), in day-ahead, real-time pricing (RTP) electricity markets. Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) make the electrical demand of industrial facilities more flexible and increase their potential to benefit from DR. The BESS sizing problem, for industrial facilities participating in RTP DR, is complex due to the discreteness of their manufacturing lines and the stochastic nature of electricity pricing. In this paper, an approach to BESS sizing is proposed. Scenario extraction using k-means clustering is used to reduce the problem complexity, and the extracted scenarios are preprocessed to reduce the search space for the optimal size of the BESS. The steps involved in the proposed approach are demonstrated, in detail, through a case study that uses a generic model of an industrial unit. The results of the case study show the effectiveness and validity of the problem reduction techniques used and highlight the role of electricity storage in maximizing the profits of the industrial unit. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to illustrate the impact of the BESS installation cost on the results.
Supplementary Data from Characteristics and Spatially Defined Immune (micro)landscapes of Early-stage PD-L1–positive Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Carter Jodi M. , Polley Mei-Yin C. , Leon-Ferre Roberto A. , Sinnwell Jason , Thompson Kevin J. , Wang Xue , Ma Yaohua , Zahrieh David , Kachergus Jennifer M. , Solanki Malvika , Boughey Judy C. , Liu Minetta C. , Ingle James N. , Kalari Krishna R. , Couch Fergus J. , Thompson E. Aubrey , Goetz Matthew P.
Published: October 2023

Data 1
Figure S1 from Characteristics and Spatially Defined Immune (micro)landscapes of Early-stage PD-L1–positive Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Carter Jodi M. , Polley Mei-Yin C. , Leon-Ferre Roberto A. , Sinnwell Jason , Thompson Kevin J. , Wang Xue , Ma Yaohua , Zahrieh David , Kachergus Jennifer M. , Solanki Malvika , Boughey Judy C. , Liu Minetta C. , Ingle James N. , Kalari Krishna R. , Couch Fergus J. , Thompson E. Aubrey , Goetz Matthew P.
Published: October 2023

Flow-chart of subsets of Mayo TNBC cohort grouped by analytical data (PD-L1 companion assays, RNA sequencing data and high-plex digital spatial profiling)
Data from Characteristics and Spatially Defined Immune (micro)landscapes of Early-stage PD-L1–positive Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Carter Jodi M. , Polley Mei-Yin C. , Leon-Ferre Roberto A. , Sinnwell Jason , Thompson Kevin J. , Wang Xue , Ma Yaohua , Zahrieh David , Kachergus Jennifer M. , Solanki Malvika , Boughey Judy C. , Liu Minetta C. , Ingle James N. , Kalari Krishna R. , Couch Fergus J. , Thompson E. Aubrey , Goetz Matthew P.
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurpose:
Programmed death ligand 1 [PD-(L)1]-targeted therapies have shown modest survival benefit in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). PD-L1+ microenvironments in TNBC are not well characterized and may inform combinatorial immune therapies. Herein, we characterized clinicopathologic features, RNA-based immune signatures, and spatially defined protein-based tumor–immune microenvironments (TIME) in early-stage PD-L1+ and PD-L1− TNBC.
Experimental Design:
From a large cohort of chemotherapy-naïve TNBC, clinicopathologic features, deconvoluted RNA immune signatures, and intraepithelial and stromal TIME (Nanostring GeoMX) were identified in subsets of PD-L1+ and PD-L1− TNBC, as defined by FDA-approved PD-L1 companion assays.
Results:
228 of 499 (46%) TNBC were PD-L1+ (SP142: ≥1% immune cells-positive). Using PD-L1 22C3, 46% had combined positive score (CPS) ≥ 1 and 16% had CPS ≥10. PD-L1+ TNBC were higher grade with higher tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL; P < 0.05). PD-L1 was not associated with improved survival following adjustment for TILs and other variables. RNA profiles of PD-L1+ TNBC had increased dendritic cell, macrophage, and T/B cell subset features; and decreased myeloid-derived suppressor cells. PD-L1+ stromal and intraepithelial TIMEs were highly enriched in IDO-1, HLA-DR, CD40, and CD163 compared with PD-L1-TIME, with spatially specific alterations in CTLA-4, Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING), and fibronectin. Macrophage- and antigen presentation–related proteins correlated most strongly with PD-L1 protein.
Conclusions:
In this early-stage TNBC cohort, nearly 50% were PD-L1+ (SP142 companion assay) while 16% were PD-L1+ with the 22C3 companion assay. PD-L1+ TNBC had specific myeloid-derived and lymphoid features. Spatially defined PD-L1+ TIME were enriched in several clinically actionable immune proteins. These data may inform future studies on combinatorial immunotherapies for patients with PD-L1+ TNBC.

See related commentary by Symmans, p. 5446
A Pilot Study of Paricalcitol plus Nanoliposomal Irinotecan and 5-FU/LV in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Patients after Progression on Gemcitabine-Based Therapy
Authors: Grierson Patrick M. , Suresh Rama , Tan Benjamin , Pedersen Katrina S. , Amin Manik , Park Haeseong , Trikalinos Nikolaos A. , Liu Jingxia , Boice Nicholas , Brown Amberly , Bansod Sapana , Wang-Gillam Andrea , Lim Kian-Huat
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

Vitamin D analogues remodel the desmoplastic stroma, and improve vascularity and efficacy of chemotherapy in preclinical pancreas cancer models.

Patients and Methods:

We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of the vitamin D analogue paricalcitol in combination with nanoliposomal irinotecan (Nal-iri) plus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5-FU/LV) in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who had progressed on gemcitabine-based therapy. Two dose levels (DL) of paricalcitol were tested: fixed dose weekly (75 mcg, DL1) and weight-based weekly (7 mcg/kg, /DL2). The primary endpoint was safety, and secondary endpoints included overall response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Correlative objectives aimed to identify molecular predictors of response and alterations in the tumor stroma.

Results:

Twenty patients (10 each in DL1 and DL2) enrolled between March 2019 and May 2021. No grade 3/4 adverse events related to paricalcitol were observed. The most common toxicities were nausea, diarrhea and fatigue, which were similar in both cohorts. Three patients discontinued study after one cycle and were not radiographically evaluable. Of the remaining 17 evaluable patients, 2 had partial response and 12 had stable disease. The median PFS for response-evaluable patients in DL1 was 4.14 months, for DL2 was 4.83 months. Intent-to-treat median OS was 6.15 and 6.66 months for DL1 and DL2, respectively. Correlative studies showed increased tumor vascularity in posttreatment samples in patients receiving the higher dose of paricalcitol (DL2).

Conclusions:

Paricalcitol at 7 mcg/kg/week in combination with Nal-iri/ 5-FU/LV is safely tolerated, may increase tumor vascularity and warrants further investigation.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Piperacetazine Directly Binds to the PAX3::FOXO1 Fusion Protein and Inhibits Its Transcriptional Activity
Authors: Nakazawa Kay , Shaw Taryn , Song Young K. , Kouassi-Brou Marilyn , Molotkova Anna , Tiwari Purushottam B. , Chou Hsien-Chao , Wen Xinyu , Wei Jun S. , Deniz Emre , Toretsky Jeffrey A. , Keller Charles , Barr Frederic G. , Khan Javed , Üren Aykut
Published: October 2023

Synergy between piperacetazine and other chemotherapeutic drugs are similar between the RH30 and RD cell lines.
FIGURE 5 from Piperacetazine Directly Binds to the PAX3::FOXO1 Fusion Protein and Inhibits Its Transcriptional Activity
Authors: Nakazawa Kay , Shaw Taryn , Song Young K. , Kouassi-Brou Marilyn , Molotkova Anna , Tiwari Purushottam B. , Chou Hsien-Chao , Wen Xinyu , Wei Jun S. , Deniz Emre , Toretsky Jeffrey A. , Keller Charles , Barr Frederic G. , Khan Javed , Üren Aykut
Published: October 2023

Piperacetazine inhibits anchorage-independent growth of FP-RMS cells. A, Average 48 hour IC50 values for indicated cell lines. Sample size indicated above each bar. Red bars: FP-RMS, blue bars: FN-RMS, black bars: non-RMS. U48484, U66788, U37125, and U57810 are cell lines from transgenic RMS mouse models. B, RH30 and RD colonies in soft agar with DMSO or 15 µmol/L piperacetazine treatment. The top row images are whole well images taken with Gelcount and the bottom row images are microscope images of the colonies at 40X magnification. C, Gelcount quantification of colonies in B (*, P < 0.0001; Student t test; ns, P > 0.05).
FIGURE 2 from Piperacetazine Directly Binds to the PAX3::FOXO1 Fusion Protein and Inhibits Its Transcriptional Activity
Authors: Nakazawa Kay , Shaw Taryn , Song Young K. , Kouassi-Brou Marilyn , Molotkova Anna , Tiwari Purushottam B. , Chou Hsien-Chao , Wen Xinyu , Wei Jun S. , Deniz Emre , Toretsky Jeffrey A. , Keller Charles , Barr Frederic G. , Khan Javed , Üren Aykut
Published: October 2023

Screening of small-molecule libraries for PAX3::FOXO1 binding. A, Binding of individual compounds from Prestwick or DTP libraries is shown as fold difference of PAX3::FOXO1 binding compared with the negative control protein (CD99). Each dot represents an individual compound. The red line indicates the 5-fold binding threshold used for the selection of primary hits. Piperacetazine is labeled in red. B, Inhibition of luciferase activity in fusion-positive RMS cell line RH30 with PAX3::FOXO1-responsive 6XPRS reporter and renal cell carcinoma cell line SN12C with PGK reporter (negative control). Responses are normalized to DMSO control. Compounds in the top left quadrant are considered potential PAX3::FOXO1 inhibitors, piperacetazine is labeled in red. C, PAX3::FOXO1-responsive PDGFRA luciferase reporter was transfected into RH30 and RD cell lines and treated with the top six hits identified by the secondary screening as shown in B. The cells were lysed for luciferase assay 48 hours posttreatment, and the luciferase signal was quantified. (****, P < 0.0001; ***, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.01; *, P < 0.05; Student t test; ns, P > 0.05). D, The structure of piperacetazine is given. E, Direct binding of piperacetazine to PAX3::FOXO1 protein was analyzed by SPR. Piperacetazine was injected at 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 µmol/L concentrations in triplicates. A representative experiment is shown. An average KD of 3.8 µmol/L was calculated from six experiments (Inset). F, RH30 cells lysates were incubated with 30 µmol/L piperacetazine or DMSO and heated to the indicated temperatures. Lysates were centrifuged to separate precipitated proteins and soluble protein levels were measured by Western blot analysis using FOXO1 antibody (in each blot, top band: PAX3::FOXO1, bottom band: FOXO1). G, Quantification of the three replicate experiments is provided in a line graph by plotting mean and SE values.
Sleep Variability, Sleep Irregularity, and Nighttime Blood Pressure Dipping
Authors: Xu Yanyan , Barnes Vernon A. , Harris Ryan A. , Altvater Michelle , Williams Celestine , Norland Kimberly , Looney Jacob , Crandall Reva , Su Shaoyong , Wang Xiaoling
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Circadian rhythm regulates many important biological functions in humans. The goal of this study is to explore the impact of day-to-day deviations in the sleep-wake cycle on nighttime blood pressure (BP) dipping and further examine whether the ethnic difference in day-to-day deviations in sleep patterns can explain the ethnic difference in nighttime BP dipping.

METHODS:

Twenty-four-hour ambulatory BP monitoring and 7-day accelerometer data were obtained from 365 adult participants (age range, 18.7–50.1 years; 52.6% Black participants and 47.3% European Americans; 64.1% females). Systolic BP dipping level was used to represent nighttime BP dipping. The SD of sleep duration was calculated as the index of sleep variability, and the SD of sleep midpoint was calculated as the index of sleep irregularity.

RESULTS:

A 1-hour increase in the SD of sleep midpoint was associated with a 1.16% decrease in nighttime BP dipping (
P
<0.001). A 1-hour increase in the SD of sleep duration was associated with a 1.39% decrease in nighttime BP dipping (
P
=0.017). The ethnic difference in the SD of sleep midpoint can explain 29.2% of the ethnicity difference in BP dipping (
P
=0.008).

CONCLUSIONS:

Sleep variability and sleep irregularity are associated with blunted BP dipping in the general population. In addition, data from the present investigation also demonstrate that the ethnic difference in sleep irregularity could partly explain the ethnic difference in BP dipping, an important finding that may help reduce the health disparity between Black participants and European Americans.
Sex Differences in Oxidative Stress–Mediated Reductions in Microvascular Endothelial Function in Young Adult e-Cigarette Users
Authors: Halstead Kristen M. , Wetzel Elizabeth M. , Cho Josalyn L. , Stanhewicz Anna E.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Chronic electronic-cigarette (EC) use is reported to decrease vascular endothelial function. However, the mechanism(s) mediating this reduction remain unclear. In this study, we examined endothelium- and NO-dependent dilation, and the role of oxidative stress in attenuating these responses, in healthy young EC users (n=20, 10 males/10 females) compared with healthy controls (n=20, 10 males/10 females). We hypothesized that EC would have reduced endothelium- and NO-dependent dilation and administration of the superoxide scavenger tempol would increase these responses in EC. We further hypothesized that female EC would have the greatest reductions in endothelium- and NO-dependent dilation.

METHODS:

We assessed microvascular endothelium-dependent vasodilator function in vivo by measurement of cutaneous vascular conductance (%CVCmax) responses to a standardized local heating protocol in control and 10 μM tempol-treated sites. After full expression of the local heating response, 15 mM N
G
-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (NO synthase inhibition) was perfused.

RESULTS:

EC had significantly reduced endothelium- (73±15 versus 87±9%CVCmax;
P
<0.001) and NO-dependent (48±17% versus 62±15%;
P
=0.011) dilation. Tempol perfusion increased endothelium-dependent (84±12%CVCmax
P
=0.01) and NO-dependent (63±14%
P
=0.005) dilation in EC but had no effect in healthy control. Within female sex, EC had lower endothelium-dependent (71±13 versus 89±7%CVCmax;
P
=0.002) and NO-dependent (50±6 versus 69±11%;
P
=0.005) dilation compared with healthy control, and tempol augmented endothelium-dependent (83±13%CVCmax;
P
=0.002) and NO-dependent (62±13%;
P
=0.015) dilation. There were no group or treatment differences within male sex.

CONCLUSION:

Healthy young adult EC users have reduced microvascular endothelium-dependent and NO-dependent dilation, driven by greater reductions in female EC users, and mediated in part by superoxide.
Status of Instrument Development in the Field of Human-Animal Interactions & Bonds: Ten Years On
Authors: Samet Lauren , Vaterlaws-Whiteside Helen , Upjohn Melissa , Casey Rachel
Published: October 2023

The multidisciplinary nature of human-(nonhuman) animal interactions (HAI), and global interest in HAI development, has led to an explosion of research in recent years justifying the need to update previous reviews in the subject area. This paper reports the results of a systematic literature review focusing on measures of HAI created in the ten-year period since previous reviews ended (2008). Thirty new HAI questionnaires were identified using two sets of search terms. Results indicated that reliability and validity testing were still not standard within tool creation. Companion animal HAI remained dominant in the instrument field; however, there was continued research into exotic animal HAI and the initiation of research into therapy and assistance animal HAI. Refinement of terminology and consistent use of definitions could facilitate researchers from various disciplines being able to locate relevant research in future. Similar review updates are recommended for attitudes to animal tools.
The Cairo Geniza as a Source for Turkish History
Authors: Dietrich Richard C.
Published: October 2023

The information in the Cairo Geniza documents has contributed greatly to our understanding of medieval Jewish and, to a lesser degree, Islamic social and economic life. In addition, these documents have also furthered understanding of the development of Arabic, the language of the majority of the Geniza collection. However, for various reasons the Geniza’s possible contribution to the field of Turkish history has largely been ignored. This survey of documents from the Cairo Geniza which mention or allude to the Turks shows that the Geniza collection not only sheds light on aspects of Turkish history in the late 11th and early 12th centuries, but may also indicate new paths of inquiry into the presence and roles of the Turks in the Mediterranean in this period.
Rent Reduction in Hunan and Government-Gentry Conflicts after the Victory in the War of Resistance against Japan
Authors: Zhang Xi
Published: October 2023

After the victory in the War of Resistance against Japan, the rural economy of Hunan province was in decline. In southern provinces, where per capita arable land was minimal and the proportion of tenant farmers considerable, the tenancy system was notably harsh. In 1945, the Guomindang government implemented a one-year rent reduction policy in the recovered territories. However, due to real difficulties, Hunan province postponed its implementation until 1946 and again enacted a rent limit protection policy for tenants in 1947. Nevertheless, with the establishment of the Hunan Provincial Senate in 1946, provincial senators, representing local gentry interests, engaged in a conflict with the rent reduction ordinance put forth by the Hunan provincial government. The conflicting understandings between the two sides about the relationship between the existing system and rent reduction led to an impasse in the legislative process. Eventually, due to the provincial government’s compromises, the rent reduction ordinances were repeatedly revised and ultimately became hollow in substance. At the grassroots level, seeing this situation, implementation was delayed, turning the ordinances into mere paper decrees. Throughout this process, the tenant farmers, deceived by the landlords, resented the government, and the credibility of the Guomindang government was gradually depleted.
From Miṣbāḥ al-Umma to Iqāmat al-Shuhūd: An Historico-Literary Analysis of Muḥammad Riḍā Jadīd al-Islām’s Refutation of Judaism
Authors: Tabataba’i (MehrDad) Mohammad Ali , Eyvazi Heidar
Published: October 2023

The Iranian Jewish scholar Rabbi Mullā Āqā Bābā (d. 1849), who converted to Twelver Shiʿi Islam in 1822, is known to modern scholars solely through a posthumous lithograph version of his refutation of his former religion, which was published in 1875 under the dual title Manqūl al-Riḍāʾī and Iqāmat al-shuhūd fī radd al-Yahūd (“The sayings transmitted by Riḍāʾī” and “The stand of the witnesses to refute the Jews”). This article aims to shed new light on this book and its author(s) by studying two hitherto unstudied manuscripts of the work, which predate the lithograph version. It also seeks to highlight the role of later editors in transmitting Mullā Āqā Bābā’s writings to subsequent generations under different titles and in variant forms. Through a literary comparison of the manuscripts and the lithograph version, we try to distinguish the urtext from several layers of modifications made by later scribes and editors.
The Enigma of Suffering
Authors: Bloechl Jeffrey
Published: October 2023

Phenomenology has attended often to the theme of pain, but less to suffering. Careful study of the latter leads to results that correspond with observations appearing in the philosophy of medicine and in literature. The difference between pain and suffering exposes the fact that in some instances the latter defies conceptions of subjectivity widely accepted in phenomenology. The subject who suffers is a subject who struggles to give meaning to his or her experience, and in some instances loses the capacity entirely. A phenomenological account of these possibilities sharpens the challenge brought to the theology that, under the heading of theodicy, defends the unitary meaning of all experience. The theology that abandons theodicy may thereby recover a strong sense of its own biblical roots, which nurture a love of the God-man who suffers out of love for us.
Enabling Elaboration and Offering Candidate Understandings. Finnish Turn-Final vai ‘or’ in Requests for Confirmation
Authors: Koivisto Aino
Published: October 2023

Like many other languages, in Finnish the alternative conjunction vai (‘or’) can be used in a turn-final position without the presence of an (explicit) alternative. This article discusses the contribution of turn-final vai ‘or’ in requests for confirmation. It argues that there are two main contexts of use. The forward-looking vai-turn seeks confirmation for something that is not based on the previous talk. In this case, vai marks the content of the question as merely one possible alternative. In backward-looking use, the vai-turn offers an interpretation of something that was implied in the previous talk and typically contrasts with a previously held, alternative assumption. The former type enables a (dis)confirmation with elaboration, whereas the latter type makes relevant a (dis)confirmation with minimal specification/explanation. The study contributes to the cross-linguistic research on turn-final particles and specifically, the particle ‘or’.
Tylopilus pallidocervicolor, a new species from Baiyun Mountain, Guangzhou, China
Authors: LIN ZHI-JUN , LI HUI-BIN , LIU XIAO-CHUN , LIANG YING-SHAN , HUANG XIAO-XIA , QIU LI-HONG
Published: October 2023

Tylopilus pallidocervicolor is described as a new species from Baiyun Mountain, Guangzhou, China based on morphological and phylogenetic evidences. It is characterized by tannish brown to light brown basidiomata, stipe with distinct reticulum on upper portion, and a palisadoderm pileipellis. Detailed morphological descriptions, phylogenetic analyses and comparisons with closely related taxa of Tylopilus are presented.
Central Diabetes Insipidus in Children as a Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Dyrka Kamil , Dzialach Lukasz , Niedziela Marek , Jonczyk-Potoczna Katarzyna , Derwich Katarzyna , Obara-Moszynska Monika
Published: October 2023

Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a disorder in the pediatric population resulting from antidiuretic hormone deficiency. The excessive production of dilute urine characterizes it and manifests with polyuria, nocturia, and polydipsia. The diagnostics of CDI is often challenging, especially concerning the underlying condition of the disease. This article highlights the diverse clinical presentation of children with CDI and diagnostic difficulties among patients with polyuria and polydipsia. The article also reviews the etiology, symptoms, diagnostic workup, and management of CDI. We present 4 pediatric patients (aged 3-13.5 years) diagnosed with CDI of different etiology: 1 due to septo-optic dysplasia/optic nerve hypoplasia and 3 due to acquired processes such as Langerhans cell histiocytosis and germ cell tumor in 2 patients. Central diabetes insipidus was the first manifestation of a tumor or granuloma in all presented patients with acquired pathology. The patients sometimes need long-term follow-up to establish the proper final diagnosis.
Selling rural China: The construction and commodification of rurality in Chinese promotional livestreaming
Authors: Zhao Lizhen
Published: October 2023

With promotional livestreaming transforming the digital culture and e-commerce landscape in China, rural streamers take this opportunity to not only harvest economic rewards but also construct rural identities and associated imagery. Employing a digital ethnographic approach, this article closely explored how rural spaces and rural labor activities are constructed and commodified in Chinese promotional livestreaming. I argue that although rural streamers’ creative use of platform-afforded liveness and interactivity enriches Chinese digital culture by making everyday life in rural spaces visible, this constructed rurality is, however, flattened, decontextualized, and romanticized – thus, ready to be commodified and sold to the audience. In addition, agricultural labor is made hyper-visible, generating the possibility for demystifying said labor process, while other forms of labor, mainly affective labor and labor for negotiation with the platforms, are made invisible, undervalued, and exploited, deepening the precarious condition of such platform-dependent labor.
Stresses Along the Root Surfaces of Maxillary Anterior Dentition During Retraction in Labial and Lingual Mechanics with Varying Level of Bone Support: A Finite Element Study
Authors: Roy Rahul , Nanda Smruti Bhusan , Mishra Sumita , Pradhan Rururaj , Bhatia Virag
Published: October 2023

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the stress along the root surfaces of anterior maxillary dentition during retraction in labial and lingual mechanics with varying level of bone support.

Materials and methods

Eight 3D finite element models (FEM) having 340,215 nodes and 211,543 elements were created with normal periodontium and different levels of alveolar bone loss; four with labial brackets and four with lingual brackets. Sliding mechanics were simulated as en masse retraction of the anterior dentition. The equivalent stresses along the roots of six anterior maxillary teeth were measured in all the models.

Results

Equivalent stresses in pascals (Pa) generated at the root surfaces of central incisors are always higher in labial technique (right: 4.6013 × 10−2; left: 7.1158 × 10−2) and of canines (right: 10.003 × 10−2; left: 16.789 × 10−2) are always higher in lingual technique.

Conclusion

In labial technique, central incisor roots are experiencing maximum stress, which might be the explanation of commonly seen higher incidence of root resorption in them during en masse retraction. In lingual technique, canine roots are experiencing higher stresses as compared to other anterior teeth during en masse retraction. Equivalent stresses generated at the root surfaces of canines are more irrespective of the alveolar bone loss in lingual technique.
Impacts of COVID-19 on Health and Healthcare for Rural Veterans in Home-Based Primary Care
Authors: Yee Priscilla , Echt Katharina V. , Markland Alayne D. , Zubkoff Lisa
Published: October 2023

This qualitative study explored the impact of COVID-19 on older rural-dwelling veterans and their caregivers enrolled in home-based primary care (HBPC) through the Birmingham VA Health Care System (BVAHCS). Phone interviews were conducted with 16 veterans and/or their caregivers and rapid qualitative analysis of interview notes was performed. Average age of veterans was 77 (range = 69–97) and 93.7% were white males. Despite a significant number of co-morbidities, 68.8% reported minimal adverse impacts of COVID-19 on overall physical and mental health. Like many healthcare teams, the inter-disciplinary VA HBPC team incorporated Telehealth during COVID-19. Telehealth utilization varied among the 16 participants, with 50% using telehealth independently, 37.5% needing assistance, and 12% lacking access. Our findings are consistent with prior research that identifies resilient characteristics as potentially protective in this high-risk older veteran population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
More Thoughts About Health Policies: Focus on Conceptual Models
Authors: Fawcett Jacqueline
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this essay is to demonstrate how existing conceptual models of nursing designed for clinical research, education, practice, and administration also can be used to guide health policy development, analysis, evaluation, and research by nurses. The concept of each of various nursing conceptual models that might be represented by health policies is identified.
Refusal of Nursing Care as a Factor That Hinders Long-Distance Care in Japan
Authors: Nabeyama Shoko
Published: October 2023

In this column, the author examines older adults’ refusal of nursing care. Results from a questionnaire survey revealed that over 25% of children who lived away from their parents were troubled by their refusal of care. In addition, the author summarizes self-neglect like care refusal, which can explain older adults’ care refusal. Interviews with care professionals showed that parental care refusal did not particularly relate to “parents refusing necessary services” as perceived by their children but to parents’ perception of “children forcing unnecessary services” on them. The solution involves care provision geared toward older adults’ daily needs rather than alleviating children’s anxiety.
Use of Nursing Theory to Guide Doctoral Research: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Dickinson Jane K. , Quay Catherine , Dolen Erin
Published: October 2023

It is unclear whether doctoral nursing students are using nursing theory to guide their research. This descriptive, exploratory study involved a review of 747 doctoral papers to determine whether nursing students are using nursing or non-nursing theory to guide their research. The findings revealed that although 86.9% of doctoral students used theory, just 31.7% used nursing-specific theory to guide their dissertation study or capstone project. The disproportionate relationship between the use of nursing and non-nursing theory at the doctoral level poses both challenges and opportunities.
Induced Overexpression of B Cell-Activating Factor by Triiodothyronine Results in Abnormal B Cell Differentiation in Mice
Authors: Liu Shu , Li Guo-Qing , Gu Qing-Wei , Wang Jie , Sun Qi , Gu Wen-Sha , Mao Xiao-Ming
Published: October 2023

Breakdown of tolerance and abnormal activation in B cells is an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of Graves’ disease (GD) and high levels of thyroid hormones (THs) can drive the progression of GD. However, the interactions between THs and abnormal activation of B cells in the context of GD are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate B cell-activating factor (BAFF) mediating the cross talk between THs and B cells and the possible underlying mechanisms. A high-level triiodothyronine (T3) mouse model was used to verify T3-mediated induction of overexpression of BAFF and B cell abnormal differentiation. The possible promotion of BAFF overexpression in the mice spleen macrophages during polarization to M1 by T3 was also studied. We showed that high levels of T3 can induce BAFF overexpression and lead to abnormal differentiation of B cells in the mice. While the overexpression of BAFF was observed across many tissue types in the mice, high levels of T3 could induce M1 macrophages polarization by IFN (interferon-gamma)-γ in the spleen of the mice, which in turn generated BAFF overexpression. Our findings provide a novel insight into the interactions between the endocrine and immune systems, as well as provide insight into the role of TH in the pathogenesis of GD.
Ethical conflicts experienced by community nurses: A qualitative study
Authors: Porr Caroline , Gaudine Alice , Smith-Young Joanne
Published: October 2023

Background

Despite news reports of morally distressing situations resulting from complex and demanding community-care delivery in Canada, there has been little research on the topic of ethical conflicts experienced by community-based health care professionals.

Research aim

To identify ethical conflicts experienced by community nurses.

Research design

Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and then relevant text was extracted and condensed using qualitative content analysis. This research was part of a larger grounded theory project examining how community nurses manage ethical conflict.

Research context and participants

Community nurses, including 13 public health nurses and 11 home care nurses from two Canadian provinces, were interviewed.

Ethical considerations

Study approval was granted by the Health Research Ethics Authority of Newfoundland and Labrador and by provincial health authorities.

Findings

Seven ethical conflicts were identified and assigned to one of two groups. In the grouping categorized as challenges with obligations or risks, the ethical conflicts were: (1) screening for child developmental issues knowing there is a lack of timely early intervention services; (2) encountering inequities in the health care system; (3) not fulfilling principles, goals, and initiatives of primary and secondary prevention; and (4) feeling powerless to advocate for clients. The remaining ethical conflicts were categorized as challenges with process, risks, and consequences, and were: (5) jeopardizing therapeutic relationships while reporting signs of a child at risk; (6) managing confidentiality when neighbors are clients; and (7) supporting client autonomy and decision-making but uncertain of the consequences.

Conclusions

Research investigation will continue to be important to raise awareness and mobilize ethics supports as health care services are steadily shifted from institutional to community settings. Moreover, with heightened potential for communicable disease outbreaks across international borders from global warming, community nurses around the world will continue to be required to address ethically-difficult care situations with competence and compassion.
Influence of Behavioural Traits on Strategies of New Age Indian Entrepreneurs
Authors: Dasgupta Tathagata , Haran Hari
Published: October 2023

Entrepreneurship as an activity can contribute in a big way to economic and social development of a country. Entrepreneurs are said to be an organisation and country’s wealth generators. Further, entrepreneurs are an important asset to any country as they are job-creators and help to alleviate the all-important problem of unemployment, especially in a hugely populated country like India. The Indian economy underwent a major change with the introduction of LPG (Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation) Policy in 1991 which led to the elimination of ‘License Raj’ system and consequently reduction of governmental control on Indian economy to a great extent. This finally led to the emergence of many first-generation entrepreneurs after 1991, who are the focus area of this study and have been termed as new-age entrepreneurs by the authors. This study has analysed the behavioural traits of new-age Indian entrepreneurs and examined the influence of these traits on adoption of their strategies and emergence of any common pattern.
A Virtual Reality Courtroom for Survivors of Sexual Violence: A Mixed-Method Pilot Study on Application Possibilities
Authors: Sigurvinsdottir Rannveig , Skúladóttir Hildur , Antonsdóttir Hildur Fjóla , Cardenas Paola , Georgsdóttir Margrét Tórshamar , Írisardóttir Þórisdóttir Malena , Jónsdóttir Erla Katrín , Konop Magdalena , Valdimarsdóttir Heiðdís B. , Vilhjálmsson Hannes Högni , Ásgeirsdóttir Bryndís Björk
Published: October 2023

This mixed-method pilot study examined the application possibilities of a virtual courtroom to support survivors of sexual violence who may experience courtroom-associated distress. Female sexual violence survivors ( n = 13) who had testified in court following victimization entered an interactive virtual courtroom replica. Their reactions were measured quantitatively and qualitatively. The virtual courtroom evoked both subjective and physiological stress. Participants perceived the virtual reality environment as similar to the real-life courtroom. Most reported negative experiences from interacting with the criminal justice system. The virtual courtroom is a possible future strategy to support survivors when reporting violence to the justice system.
How Wise is Conventional Wisdom?
Authors: Lewis-Hunstiger Marty
Published: October 2023

This editorial connects each article in this issue to the theme, Challenging Long-Held Assumptions, by raising questions. How do we really determine value in health care? How do good, new ideas make it into practice? Why the untapped potential of Doctor of Nursing Practice preparation? Can we actually teach nursing students creativity? Do virtual group appointments actually work? How in the world do families care for loved ones at home on mechanical ventilation? Can nursing educators truly decolonize their own thinking? Is simulation a poor substitute for clinical placements, or just as good and sometimes better? Can the power of social media be used for good? Can simulation actually make new nurses more likely to call a code when it's needed? How can farm animals help people dealing with mental illness? And a question crucial to us all as human beings: Can forgiveness ever be bad?
Animal-Assisted Green Care Farming for Patients With Mental and Physical Disorders: A Narrative Review
Authors: Sargsyan Alex , Beebe Lora H
Published: October 2023

Green care is an umbrella term that includes numerous therapeutic interventions that immerse the patient into nature and natural environments. Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) with farm animals is a component of green care that may benefit patients with mental health disorders. While the majority of research exploring farm AATs originated in Europe, interest in this therapeutic intervention is emerging in the United States. While there are green care farms utilizing animal therapies in the United States, these therapeutic interventions have not been reported in the scientific literature. Further exploration of this topic in the United States may benefit various patient populations and contribute to overall better health care. A literature review found that farm AATs may be beneficial for patients with mental health disorders, but did not identify any studies addressing AAT with farm animals in the context of physical health disorders. This may be a desirable direction for future research.
Use of the Virtual Environment as a Strategy for Disseminating Information during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Corbo Letícia Noelle , Marcossi Michel , Okano Larissa , de Avila Marla Andreia Garcia , de Fátima Bimbatti Karina , Kaeppler Christoph , Faleiros Fabiana
Published: October 2023

Background: The virtual environment has democratized information and research in the health area, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Purpose: This study analyzed the boosting strategies of social networks and identified the most accessed posts from a previously developed and validated information portal aimed at people with disabilities. Methods: This quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive, exploratory study used Google Analytics® to collect data on origins and access numbers; boost data were obtained from the Facebook® and Instagram® networks themselves, after the end of each boost. Conclusions: Greater interest in publications related to the acquisition of rights for persons with disabilities and about COVID-19 was identified. The virtual environment, especially social networks in Brazil, proved to be a useful tool for disseminating information during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the importance of boosting access to health information. In addition, the investment in social networks was relevant due to the increase in the number of followers on the page. Implications for Practice: Social networks can be a valuable means of disseminating research, improving access to information based on scientific evidence in an inclusive way.
Robust topology optimization of truss-like continuum structures under uncertain loads based on cloud model
Authors: Guo Xinze , Zhou Kemin , Shi Shunyi
Published: October 2023

The traditional structural performance may be seriously degraded due to applied indeterministic cases. A novel framework for robust topology optimization of truss-like continuum considering uncertain loads is presented. The robust optimization formula is constructed as minimizing the weighted sum of expectancy and standard variance of structural compliance with volume constraints. In this framework, both the magnitude and direction of applied loads are uncertain and independent. Truss-like continuum provides the topology optimal structure theoretically. Based on the classic truss-like optimization method, the statistical moments of compliance are accurately evaluated utilizing a bivariate cloud model tool. An effective strategy based on linear decoupling is reported to largely reduce the total number of finite element analysis. The optimization is achieved with gradient-based mathematic programming. Several numerical examples demonstrate a better structural robust performance obtained by the proposed algorithm than the traditional one.
A deep learning-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar framework for abnormal displacement deformation prediction of bridges
Authors: Feng Jinpeng , Gao Kang , Wu Gang , Xu Yichao , Jiang Hejun
Published: October 2023

This paper first proposes a novel framework for combining deep learning approach and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technique to evaluate and predict the condition of bridge displacement . The Long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network and the Small Baseline Subsets InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) are used to predict the longitudinal deformation of the bridge. Firstly, the proposed framework based on LSTM is established to obtain the relationship between the longitudinal deformation of the bridge and the influence parameters (such as temperature, temporal baseline, and others). In particular, the residual connection (RC) module is adapted to form the residual long short-term memory (Res-LSTM) neural network to improve prediction accuracy and robustness. A case study in Nanjing is analyzed to verify the performance of the proposed framework. The extracted datasets obtained from Sentienl-1 are divided into the training, validation, and testing dataset, which can satisfy the requirements in the engineering field. The R 2 and MSE of the testing datasets utilizing the proposed model are 93.17% and 15.62. Furthermore, the results indicated that the proposed framework based on Res-LSTM could predict and warn the abnormal structural deformation, extend the lifespan of structures, and minimize structural damage due to excessive deformation.
Epileptic seizures at multiple sclerosis onset and their role in disease progression
Authors: Grothe Matthias , Ellenberger David , Rommer Paulus S. , Stahmann Alexander , Zettl Uwe K.
Published: October 2023

Background:

Epileptic seizures can occur throughout the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) and are associated with increasing disability progression over time. However, there are no data on whether epileptic seizures at the onset of MS also lead to increasing disability.

Objective:

To examine disease progression over time for MS patients with epileptic seizures at onset.

Methods:

We analyzed the data of 30,713 patients on the German Multiple Sclerosis Register in a case–control study for more than 15 years. MS patients with seizures at onset were further divided into subgroups with polysymptomatic and monosymptomatic onset to assess the impact of additional symptoms on disease progression.

Results:

A total of 46 patients had seizures as onset symptoms. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) within the first year was lower in the group with seizures at onset compared to controls (0.75 versus 1.6, p < 0.05), which changed until the last reported visit (3.11 versus 3.0). Both subgroups revealed increased EDSS progression over time compared to controls.

Conclusion:

Epileptic seizures at MS onset are associated with a higher amount of disability progression over time. Additional longitudinal data are needed to further clarify the impact of seizures on the pathophysiology of MS disease progression.