bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An IHE-conform telecooperation platform supporting the treatment of dementia patients
Authors: Saleh K. , Ammon D. , Lehnert S. , Röhr S. , Detschew V. , Specht M. , Henkel A. , Kaeding A.
Published: September 2015

Ensuring medical support of patients of advanced age in rural areas is a major challenge. Moreover, the number of registered doctors—medical specialists in particular—will decrease in such areas over the next years. These unmet medical needs in combination with communication deficiencies among different types of health-care professionals pose threats to the quality of patient treatment. This work presents a novel solution combining telemedicine, telecooperation, and IHE profiles to tackle these challenges. We present a telecooperation platform that supports longitudinal electronic patient records and allows for intersectoral cooperation based on shared electronic medication charts and other documents. Furthermore, the conceived platform allows for an integration into the planned German telematics infrastructure.
Tomographic particle image velocimetry of a water-jet for low volume harvesting of fat tissue for regenerative medicine
Authors: Drobek Christoph , Mau Robert , Seitz Hermann
Published: September 2015

Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements of a water-jet for water-assisted liposuction (WAL) are carried out to investigate the distribution of velocity and therefore momentum and acting force on the human sub-cutaneous fat tissue. These results shall validate CFD simulations and force sensor measurements of the water-jet and support the development of a new WAL device that is able to harvest low volumes of fat tissue for regenerative medicine even gentler than regular WAL devices.
Sequences for real-time magnetic particle imaging
Authors: Weber Matthias , Bente Klaas , von Gladiss Anselm , Graeser Matthias , Buzug Thorsten M.
Published: September 2015

Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a new imaging modality with the potential to be a new medical tool for angiographic diagnostics. It is capable of visualizing the spatial distribution of super-paramagnetic nanoparticles in high temporal and spatial resolution. Furthermore, the new spatial encoding scheme of a field free line (FFL) promises a ten-fold higher sensitivity. So far, all know imaging devices featuring this new technique feature slow data acquisition and thus, are far away from real-time imaging capability. An actual real-time approach requires a complex field generator and an application of currents with very precise amplitude and phase. Here, we present the first implementation and calibration of a dynamic FFL field sequence enabling the acquisition of 50 MPI images per second in a mouse sized scanner.
An in-ear pulse wave velocity measurement system using heart sounds as time reference
Authors: Kusche R. , Klimach P. , Malhotra A. , Kaufmann S. , Ryschka M.
Published: September 2015

Pulse wave measurements provide vital information in medical diagnosis. For this reason, a measurement system is developed for determining the transient time of the pulse wave between the heart and the ear. To detect pressure variations in the sealed ear canal, caused by the arriving pulse wave, an in-ear sensor is developed which uses heart sounds as time reference. Furthermore, for extracting the heart sounds from the pressure measurements and calculating the pulse wave transient time, a MATLAB-based algorithm is described. An embedded microcontroller based measurement board is presented, which realizes an interface between the sensor and the computer for signal processing.
Numerical analysis of the biomechanical complications accompanying the total hip replacement with NANOS-Prosthetic: bone remodelling and prosthesis migration
Authors: Almohallami A. , Behrens B.-A. , Bouguecha A. , Lerch M. , Betancur S. , Stukenborg-Colsman C. , Nolte I. , Lucas K.
Published: September 2015

Aseptic loosening of the prosthesis is still a problem in artificial joint implants. The ýloosening can be caused by the resorption of the bone surrounding ýthe prosthesis according to stress shielding. A numerical model was developed and validated by means of DEXA-studies in order to ýanalyse the bone remodelling process in the periprosthetic bone. A total loss of about 3.7% of the bone density in the periprosthetic Femur with NANOS is computed. The bone remodelling calculation was validated by means of a DEXA-study with a 3-years-follow-up. The model was further developed in order to be able to calculate and consider the migration of the implants. This method was applied on the ýNANOS-implant with a computed total migration of about 0.43 mm. These calculations showed good results in comparison with a 2-year-follow-up clinical study, whereby a RSA-method was used to determine the stem migration in the bone. In order to ýstudy the mutual influence between the implant migration and the hip contact forces ý, a software is developed by our scientific group to couple a multi body simulation (MBS) of human lower limps with the FEA of the periprosthetic Femur.
Accelerating mono-domain cardiac electrophysiology simulations using OpenCL
Authors: Wülfers Eike M. , Zhamoliddinov Zhasur , Dössel Olaf , Seemann Gunnar
Published: September 2015

Using OpenCL, we developed a cross-platform software to compute electrical excitation conduction in cardiac tissue. OpenCL allowed the software to run parallelized and on different computing devices (e.g., CPUs and GPUs). We used the macroscopic mono-domain model for excitation conduction and an atrial myocyte model by Courtemanche et al. for ionic currents. On a CPU with 12 HyperThreading-enabled Intel Xeon 2.7 GHz cores, we achieved a speed-up of simulations by a factor of 1.6 against existing software that uses OpenMPI. On two high-end AMD FirePro D700 GPUs the OpenCL software ran 2.4 times faster than the OpenMPI implementation. The more nodes the discretized simulation domain contained, the higher speed-ups were achieved.
Multichannel FES parameterization for controlling foot motion in paretic gait
Authors: Seel Thomas , Ruppel Mirjana , Valtin Markus , Schauer Thomas
Published: September 2015

Stroke and other neurological disorders often lead to reduced motor function and to pathological foot motion during gait. We consider Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) of the shank muscles that control dorsiflexion (related to pitch) and eversion (related to roll) of the foot. We describe the nonlinear domain of stimulation intensities that are tolerated by subjects in combined two-channel FES via surface electrodes. Two piecewise linear parameterizations of this domain are suggested and compared in terms of the cross-couplings between the newly defined stimulation intensity coordinates and the foot motion caused during swing phase in drop foot patients walking on a treadmill. Both parameterizations are found to yield almost monotonous input-output behavior and therefore facilitate decentralized control of the foot pitch and roll angle.
Use of quantitative tremor evaluation to enhance target selection during deep brain stimulation surgery for essential tremor
Authors: Shah A. , Coste J. , Lemaire JJ. , Schkommodau E. , Hemm-Ode S.
Published: September 2015

Deep brain stimulation (DBS), an effective surgical treatment for Essential Tremor (ET), requires test stimulations in the thalamus to find the optimum site for permanent electrode implantation. During these test stimulations, the changes in tremor are only visually evaluated. This, along with other parameters, increases the subjectivity when comparing the efficacy of different thalamic nuclei. We developed a method to quantitatively evaluate tremor during the test stimulations of DBS surgery and applied to 6 ET patients undergoing this treatment. From the quantitative data collected, we identified effective stimulation amplitudes for every test stimulation position and compared it with the ones identified visually during the surgery. We also classified the data based on the thalamic nuclei in which the center of the stimulating contact was present during test stimulations. Results indicate that, to achieve the same reduction in tremor, on average, the stimulation amplitude identified by our method was 0.6 mA lower than those identified by visual evaluation. The comparison of the different thalamic nuclei showed that stimulations in the Ventro-oral and the Intermediolateral nuclei of the thalamus result in higher reduction in tremor for similar stimulation amplitudes as the frequently targeted Ventrointermediate nucleus. We conclude that our quantitative tremor evaluation method is more sensitive than the widely used visual evaluation. Using such quantitative methods will aid in identifying the optimum target structure for patients undergoing DBS.
Increasing the visibility of thin NITINOL vascular implants
Authors: Boese A. , Rose G. , Friebe M. , Hoffmann T. , Serowy S. , Skalej M. , Mailänder W. , Cattaneo G.
Published: September 2015

New implants for vascular therapy like flow diverters are made of tiny braided wires. The radio opacity of these wires is poor, which makes assessment of implant expansion and exact positioning difficult. Additional markers only allow the estimation of the current device position, but they also induce artefacts that impair the assessment during the intervention and in follow-up examination. A new strategy to increase implant visibility is the braiding of composite wires with a radiopaque core along the whole implant. This paper shows some useful combinations of these new wires on a phantom study with five vascular implants.
Possible reasons for early artificial bone failure in biomechanical tests of ankle arthrodesis systems
Authors: Martin H. , Gutteck N. , Matthies J.-B. , Hanke T. , Gradl G. , Wohlrab D. , Mittlmeier Th. , Grabow N.
Published: September 2015

In order to demonstrate the influence of the boundary conditions in experimental biomechanical investigations of arthrodesis implants two different models were investigated. As basic model, a simplified finite element model of the cortical bone was used in order to compare the stress values with (Model 1) and without (Model 2) allowing horizontal displacements of the load application point. The model without constraints of horizontal displacements showed considerably higher stress values at the point of failure. Moreover, this investigation shows that the boundary conditions (e.g. constraints) have to be carefully considered, since simplifications of the reality with experimental tests cannot always be avoided.
Tubular manipulators: a new concept for intracochlear positioning of an auditory prosthesis
Authors: Rau Thomas S. , Granna Josephine , Lenarz Thomas , Majdani Omid , Burgner-Kahrs Jessica
Published: September 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the applicability of tubular manipulators as an actuator mechanism for intracochlear positioning of the electrode array (EA) of a cochlear implant (CI). This is motivated by the vision of an atraumatic insertion of the EA into the inner ear (cochlea) without any damage to the intracochlear structures in combination with a well-defined final position. To realize this, an actuator mechanism is required which allows consideration of the patient-specific anatomy. We propose a tubular manipulator for this task. It consists of three concentric tubes: A straight outer tube serves as a guiding sleeve to enter the inner ear (cochlea) and two additional telescoping, superelastic, helically precurved tubes. By selecting helical tube parameters of both tubes prior insertion, a patient-specific curling behaviour of the tubular manipulator can be achieved. For preliminary investigation, segmentation and skeletonization of 5 human scala tympani were performed to determine their centrelines. These centrelines were considered as individual ideal insertion paths. An optimization algorithm was developed to identify suitable tube set parameters (curvature, diameter, length, torsion, stiffness) as well as configuration parameters (translation and rotation of the 2 inner tubes). Different error values describing the deviation of the shape of the tubes with respect to the insertion path were used to quantify the optimization results. In all cases tube set parameters for a final position within the cochlea were found, while keeping the maximum error below 1mm. These preliminary results are promising in terms of the potential applicability of tubular manipulators for positioning auditory prosthesis inside the scala tympani of the inner ear.
Integration of temperature sensors in polyimide-based thin-film electrode arrays
Authors: Cruz M. F. Porto , Fiedler E. , Monjarás O. F. Cota , Stieglitz T.
Published: September 2015

Continuous monitoring of the tissue temperature surrounding implantable devices could be of great advantage. The degree and duration of the immune activation in response to the implant, which is responsible for signal deterioration, could be inferred from the associated temperature raise and the heating caused by electrical or optogenetical stimulation could be accurately controlled. Within this work, a thin-film platinum RTD embedded in polyimide and a readout system based on the Wheatstone bridge configuration are presented. The RTD offers a sensitivity of 8.5 Ω· °C−1 and a precision of 4.1 Ω. The accuracy of the complete system calibrated for temperatures ranging from 34 to 41 °C lies between the classes A and B defined by the standard IEC 751, which correspond to tolerances of ±0.22 and ±0.48 °C at 37 °C, respectively.
Risk management for medical devices in research projects
Authors: Sauter Christian , Heinloth Marion , Tobola Andreas , Pensky Nadine , Weigand Christian
Published: September 2015

In applied research for medical devices exists a conflict between effective research and regulations. While researchers need sufficient freedom the regulations require a complex technical documentation for a medical device. One relevant aspect of the regulations is risk management which takes time and therefore is ignored in many research projects. With adoptions to the standard the effort can be reduced: Identifying of risks can be focused on critical risks, measures can be categorised and only some categories need to be implemented. Research teams using this method can provide results which can be transferred into commercial products easier, cheaper and faster.
Mean dimension, mean rank, and von Neumann–Lück rank
Authors: Li Hanfeng , Liang Bingbing
Published: September 2015

We introduce an invariant, called mean rank, for any module

ℳ

{\mathcal{M}}

of the integral group ring of a discrete amenable group Γ, as an analogue of the rank of an abelian group. It is shown that the mean dimension of the induced Γ-action on the Pontryagin dual of

ℳ

{\mathcal{M}}

, the mean rank of

ℳ

{\mathcal{M}}

, and the von Neumann–Lück rank of

ℳ

{\mathcal{M}}

all coincide.
As applications, we establish an addition formula for mean dimension of algebraic actions, prove the analogue of the Pontryagin–Schnirelmann theorem for algebraic actions, and show that for elementary amenable groups with an upper bound on the orders of finite subgroups, algebraic actions with zero mean dimension are inverse limits of finite entropy actions.
Zur Ethik des Lesens
Authors: Larmore Charles
Published: September 2015

In this article, Charles Larmore lays out the idea of an “ethics of reading”. Its concern does not lie with the consequences of reading, but rather with our very relation as readers to what we read, with our responsibility as readers to a text in interpreting what it says. Larmore discusses at length the nature of textual interpretation in order to show that this relation of responsibility is indeed ethical in nature since it consists in a relation to another person: what a text says or means is what the author effectively intended it to say or mean. Yet the ethical nature of the reading relation is special in kind since it relates us directly, not to the author, who is absent, but to the text, which unlike a person is unable to object to how it may be mistreated - that is, deliberately or negligently misread. In this fact there appears the ultimate import of the ethics of reading: it exemplifies the very essence of ethical thinking. The moral point of view consists in seeing in another’s good a reason for action on our part, apart from all consideration of our own good. As a result, our moral character shows itself most clearly in the way we treat the vulnerable, those with little power, few resources, or no social standing, who cannot make it in our interest to treat them well. In this regard, the ethics of reading does not have to do merely with one ethical relation among others. It points to the very heart of the moral point of view.
Gibt es Individuen?
Authors: Perler Dominik
Published: September 2015

Does Spinoza accept finite individuals as really existing things? Or does he endorse the thesis that the substance is the only thing with real existence? This paper argues that his monism does not rule out the existence of individuals that have dependent, yet real existence. Spinoza defends a form of priority monism, taking the substance to be the foundation of all finite individuals, and thereby rejects existence monism. On his view, finite individuals are “power parts”: being founded in the substance, they have their active power from it. The paper argues for this thesis by analyzing Spinoza’s definition of parts. Moreover, it pays close attention to his functional individuation of parts that makes it possible to individuate different types of “power parts” at different levels.
Mehr Mikropolitik, weniger Leben
Authors: Gehring Petra
Published: September 2015

Vor dem Hintergrund eines hohen Mases an Zustimmung fuge ich Michael Hampes Lehren der Philosophie lediglich zwei Anmerkungen hinzu. Unter dem Stichwort „Mikropolitik“ mochte ich erstens Hampes Pladoyer fur ein nicht-doktrinares Philosophieren in methodologischer Hinsicht radikalisieren. Neben der generellen Ermutigung zu kritischer Distanz (und Devianz) rege ich an, die Formenvielfalt und die positiven Gelingensbedingungen philosophisch wirksamer Gesten auch historisch-positiv zu analysieren und dabei - diskursscharf - deren Spezifik zu betrachten. „Kritik“ ist in der Philosophie nicht nur spontaner Unruheherd, sondern besitzt einen ihrerseits kanonisch verburgten Wissenschaftsund Wahrheitsbezug. Um diesen nicht zu trivialisieren, bedarf es einer Genealogie philosophisch zu nennender Kritik. Unter dem Stichwort „Leben“ leuchte ich zweitens einen Kollektivsingular an, dem Hampe zu viel Vertrauen entgegen bringt. Empfohlen werden eine Uberprufung von Implikationen der Wortwahl und Differenzierungen in der Sache.
Family functionality and parental characteristics as determinants of sexual decision-making of in-school youths in a semi-urban area of Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Adebayo Ayodeji M. , Ajuonu Ezidinma J. , Betiku Benson O.
Published: September 2015

Background:

Though research findings have indicated that family characteristics have a bearing on sexual behavior, there is a paucity of published literature on the role of family functionality and parental characteristics on adolescent sexual decision-making. This study was designed to assess the role of family function and parental influence on sexual behavior of in-school youths in secondary schools in a sub-urban area of Southwest Nigeria.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among secondary school students using semi-structured interviewer-assisted questionnaire. Information was obtained on the sexual behavior and parent-child characteristics. Family functionality was assessed using family APGAR standardized instrument. Association was established using χ2-test for qualitative variables and t-test for quantitative variables at p=0.05.

Results:

Mean age of respondents was 14.8±2.2 years. Majority were from monogamous family setting (70.7%) and lived with their families (75.6%). About a quarter (26.8%) was from dysfunctional families and 9.2% had ever had sexual intercourse. Recent sexual engagement in the preceding 1 month was reported (47.4%). The mean score for parental monitoring, father-child communication, mother-child communication, and parental disapproval of sex were 10.4±2.2, 9.3±2.3, 9.8±2.4, and 10.4±2.3, respectively. There was a significant association between parental monitoring (t=3.9, p≤0.001), mother-child communication (t=3.03, p=0.003), and parental disapproval of sex (t=5, p≤0.001); and sexual experience.

Conclusion:

This study showed that parental influence had a vital role in the sexual behavior of young persons. Advocacy and health education interventions are needed among parents regarding their role in the sexual behavior of in-school youths.
Kinetic Study for Platinum Extraction from Spent Catalyst in Cyanide Solution at High Temperatures
Authors: Naghavi Z. , Ghoreishi S.M. , Rahimi A. , Hadadzadeh H.
Published: September 2015

In this research, the kinetics of platinum extraction from a selective linear paraffin dehydrogenation spent catalyst in cyanide solutions at high pressure and temperature was experimentally studied. Three variables, including reaction temperature, initial sodium cyanide concentration in solution and liquid to solid weight ratio were investigated. Based on the design of experiments via response surface methodology (RSM) by computer simulating software “Minitab 16”, experiments were carried out at operating conditions including five solution temperatures, five initial concentrations of cyanide solution and five liquid/solid weight ratios. The effects of these operating conditions on the reaction kinetics and extraction time were determined. The obtained kinetics data were fitted into an empirical power–law rate equation. The kinetics model parameters were evaluated by using experimental data via non-linear regression analysis. It was found that the platinum extraction from a selective linear paraffin dehydrogenation spent catalyst in cyanide solution at high pressure and temperature can be appropriately modeled by the proposed correlation in the selected range of operating conditions.
Factors leading to the creation, development, and maintenance of positive social relationship
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Lin Jocelyn L.
Published: September 2015

In contrast to the manufacturing economy where the focus is primarily placed on the man-machine interface, social relationships are important building blocks in the service economy. Hence, identifyig the factors leading to creation, development, and maintenance of positive social relationships within the context of leadership is an important consideration. In this paper, a lecture covers the nature of social relationships and the related determinants (including trust, care, and respect) are outlined. Through this lecture, students can develop the ability to identify the characteristics and determinants of positive social relationships, appreciate the importance of positive relationships to service leaders, and evaluate one’s social relationships. Students are also encouraged to explore other ways to improve their social relationship qualities.
Numerical Simulation of a Shock Tube for Bio-dynamics Study
Authors: Zhu Feng , Chou Cliff C. , Yang King H. , Wang Zhihua
Published: September 2015

A bio-shock tube with non-lethal pressure levels can be used to study blast-induced primary injuries. In this paper, a finite element shock tube model was developed to simulate the shock wave and gas flow in a specific bio-shock tube. The behaviors of the gases in the tube were described with an equation of state using the multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (MMALE) formulation. The FE model-predicted temporal and spatial distributions of pressures were in reasonable agreement with those obtained experimentally. The characteristics of shock wave, unloading wave and rarefaction wave were well captured by this numerical model.
Multi-Thickness Target Plate Impact Experimental Approach to Failure Waves in Soda-lime Glass and Its Numerical Simulation
Authors: Duan Zhuo-Ping , Zhang Yan-Geng , Zhang Lian-Sheng , Ou Zhuo-Cheng , Huang Feng-Lei
Published: September 2015

A multi-thickness target plate impact experimental technique is proposed in this paper and adopted in the research on the so-called failure wave phenomenon in soda-lime glasses, in which, four sub-targets in different thicknesses embedded in the target ring are impacted simultaneously and the longitudinal stress temporal curves at the backing surface of each of the sub-targets are measured by four manganin piezo-resistive stress sensors. Hence, the failure wave trajectory under a certain dynamic loading can be obtained by only one test, which can reduce considerably the experimental expense as well as the experimental period, and, more importantly, the measurement uncertainty resulted from different loading conditions in repetitious impact experiments is avoided. It is found that the propagating velocity of failure wave is approximate to a constant and increases with the magnitude of the impact loading, and there always exists an initial delay time for the initiation of failure wave behind the precursory shock wave, which decreases with the magnitude of impact loads. Moreover, a numerical simulation for the failure wave propagation is carried out by using the LS-DYNA applied software, together with a statistical isotropic elastic microcrack model to describe the dynamic damage evolvement of soda-lime glasses. It is demonstrated that both the critical damage value distributions and the free surface particle velocity temporal curves can be used to determine the failure wave trajectory, and the numerical results are consistent substantially with the experimental data.
Beating the Jetting Regime
Authors: Sauret Alban , Shum Ho Cheung
Published: September 2015

We study numerically the dynamics of jets and drops in a microcapillary co-flow device. The co-flow stream encounters different flow regimes, including dripping, jetting. Using a level-set/finite element axysimmetric numerical simulation, we study the dynamics of breakup of a jet subject to flow rate perturbations. A scaling law for the width of the unperturbed jet is presented and compared to existing experimental results as well as numerical measurements. Then, we show that the introduction of a sinusoidal perturbation of the inner fluid flow rate can facilitate breakup of the fluid in regimes where a jet is usually observed. Moreover, the flow rate perturbation leads to a good control over the size and the frequency of the resulting droplets. Using theoretical modelling, we provide a criterion to determine the optimal frequency to break up the jet. We also derive scaling laws to determine the volume of inner fluid encapsulated in the emulsion droplets as a function of the frequency and to estimate the distance for the jet to break up as a function of the amplitude of perturbation. These scaling laws are in good agreement with results of numerical simulations. Our work suggests a novel approach and offers guiding principles to break up liquid jets in cases where dripping is difficult to achieve.
Establishment of a Dynamic Mohr–Coulomb Failure Criterion for Rocks
Authors: Huang Sheng , Xia Kaiwen , Dai Feng
Published: September 2015

Static Mohr–Coulomb Failure Criterion for rocks has been used extensively in various rock engineering applications. In this model, the compressive strength, tensile strength, and shear strength are related. To investigate the applicability of the Mohr–Coulomb model to dynamic failures, we studied the correlation of the three dynamic rock properties: compressive strength, tensile strength and punch shear strength. The strengths are quantified using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system. The methods for acquiring these strengths were briefly discussed. A fine-grained sandstone, Longyou sandstone (LS) was studied using these methods. The results showed that the compressive strength calculated from the punch shear strength of LS matched well with the experimental UCS results, thus the punch shear strength could be effectively used to predict the UCS of rocks. The tensile strength calculated from the punch shear strength of LS also has exhibited a good trend with the experimental results of Brazilian tensile strength. We concluded that the famous Mohr–Coulomb criterion can be extended to the dynamic range. However, caution has to be taken in determining the loading rates for different strength results.
Non-Modal Instability of Core-Annular Flow
Authors: Coppola Gennaro , Orazzo Annagrazia , de Luca Luigi
Published: September 2015

The classical problem of the stability of Core-Annular Flow (CAF) in pipes is reconsidered from the point of view of the linear non-modal analysis. An accurate Chebyshev pseudospectral code in polar coordinates has been developed in order to separately discretize the two phases of the flow. Transient amplifications of the energy of three-dimensional perturbations are computed by taking into account the effects of viscosity and volume ratios between the two liquids, as well as of Reynolds number and a surface tension parameter.

A detailed investigation is conducted in wide regions of the parameters space and the occurrence of remarkable transient growths is found for asymptotically both stable and unstable configurations. Optimal perturbations (i.e. giving the maximum energy amplification) are determined and their structure is analyzed. It is shown that in conditions in which axisymmetric modes are expected to constitute the most dangerous exponential disturbances, spiral perturbations can provide higher levels of transient energy amplification. Growth rates and amplification levels relative to modal and non-modal mechanisms are compared in order to analyze more in depth previous disagreements between experiments and modal theory.
Complex Hybrid Synchronization in Drive-Response Complex-Variable Chaotic Systems
Authors: Wu Zhaoyan
Published: September 2015

In this paper, the concept of complex hybrid synchronization in complex-variable chaotic system is introduced for the first time. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, two typical complex-variable chaotic systems are considered and corresponding controllers are designed to achieve complex hybrid synchronization. Further, a universal control method in virtue of adaptive control scheme is proposed. Numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Microfluidic Preparation of Multicompartment Microcapsules for Isolated Co-encapsulation and Controlled Release of Diverse Components
Authors: Wang Wei , Luo Tao , Ju Xiao-Jie , Xie Rui , Liu Li , Chu Liang-Yin
Published: September 2015

Thermo-responsive multicompartment microcapsules for co-encapsulation and controlled release of different lipophilic components are developed from multicomponent-double-emulsion templates by microfluidics. Each of the microcapsule comprises a thermo-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) shell and different oil cores. The different oil cores can be used as separate compartments for co-encapsulation of distinct lipophilic components. The precise manipulation of different oil cores afforded by our microfluidic device enables the fabrication of microcapsules with select number of each core, for optimizing the encapsulation of different lipophilic components. Because of the shell shrinking during heating process due to the thermo-responsive PNIPAM network, different lipophilic components co-encapsulated in the microcapsule can be simultaneously released via an external thermal trigger. The thermo-responsive multicompartment microcapsule provides an efficient system for co-encapsulation and controlled release of multiple lipophilic components. The microfluidic preparation approach presented here shows exciting potential in the design and fabrication of functional multicompartment microcapsules for co-encapsulation techniques.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI TEKNIS BANK PEMBANGUN
Authors: Sutanto Himawan Arif
Published: September 2015

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat efisiensi Bank Pembanguna Daerah (BPD) di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari 26 BPD yang tercatat pada Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) dan Assosiasi Bank Pembangunan Daerah (ASBANDA) sampai akhir tahun 2013. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode non parametrik dengan pendekatan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) asumsi VRS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi Bank Pembangunan Daerah Seluruh Indonesia menunjukkan belum seluruhnya mencapai efisien dengan rata-rata tingkat efisiesni sebesar 93,2%. Sebanyak 12 Bank dari 26 BPD seluruh Indonesia telah mencapai efisiensi 100%. Sedangkan 14 BPD lainnya tidak efisien (< 100%) dalam menjalankan operasionalnya. Bank Jateng merupakan BPD yang memiliki tingkat efisiensi terendah yaitu 78,6%. Beban suku bunga merupakan penyebab dari sebagian besar BPD tidak efisien. Oleh karena itu BPD dapat melakukan langkah perbaikan efisiensi dengan meninjau kembali kebijakan suku bunga dan meningkatkan penyaluran kredit agar input yang dikeluarkan sesuai dengan outputnya dengan mengacu pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah yang telah mencapai efisien.

This reaseach aims at analizing the efficiency rate of Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) in Indonesia. The data are 26 BPDs listed in Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the Association of Bank Pembangunan Daerah (ASBANDA). Non-paramretric approach, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) by having VRS assumption was applied. The result shows that all BPDs in Indonesia has not been efficient yet; its average efficiency is  93,2%. There are only 12 banks that has 100% efficiency. The rest of the banks are not efficient in operating the bank. As a matter of fact, Bank Jateng is one of BPDs which has the lowest efficiency, 78%. The interest burdens becomes the main factor that cause the inefficiency of BPDs, so that, they should review the policies of interests and increase lending. The above steps are for balancing the input and the output.EA), 
PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN PENCEGAHAN HIV/AIDS PADA IBU RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Octavianty Lenny , Rahayu Atikah , Rosadi Dian , Rahman Fauzie
Published: September 2015

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) merupakan penyebab penyakit Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) yang merusak kekebalan tubuh manusia. Tahun 2013 di Kalimantan Selatan terdapat 227 kasus HIV dan 134 kasus AIDS dengan kasus tertinggi di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu yaitu kasus HIV 189 orang dan 30 kasus AIDS. Peningkatan kasus baru diproyeksikan terjadi pada populasi sopir karena termasuk mobile men with money and migrant. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan upaya pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada ibu rumah tangga dengan suami pekerja sopir bus antar kota terhadap upaya pencegahan HIV/AIDS. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2014 dengan rancangan penelitian secara cross sectional. Sampel ibu rumah tangga sebanyak 40 orang secara accidental. Analisis data dengan uji chi-square. Analisis univariat didapatkan hasil tingkat pengetahuan rendah dan tinggi seimbang sebanyak 50%, sikap kategori baik 92.5% dan upaya pencegahan rendah sebanyak 65%. Analisis bivariat didapatkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan upaya pencegahan (p=0,000, OR=35,2), dengan upaya pencegahan tidak ada hubungan (p=0,539).

 

HIV is the cause of AIDS damage the human immune system. In South Kalimantan (2013) was as much as 227 HIV cases and 134 AIDS cases and the highest case in Tanah Bumbu with the number of HIV cases as many as 189 people and 30 cases of AIDS. The increase in new cases of HIV/AIDS is projected to occur in the population of driver because including as a mobile men worker with money and migrants. This research was especially against his wife to understand about the relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards the prevention of HIV/AIDS on the housewife who has husband as inter-city bus driver towards the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Tanah Bumbu in 2014. This study conducted at 2014 and used cross sectional design with a sample of housewives as many as 40 people were taken by accidental means. Analyzed using chi-square test. Univariate analysis showed that who had a husband as a driver has a low and a high level of knowledge in balance with each as much as 50%, good attitude category was 92.5% and prevention was low, as much as 65%, while for the bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between knowledge and prevention (p-value = 0.000: OR = 35.2), while for variables with prevention efforts there was no relation (p-value = 0.539).
THE PREDICTING FACTORS AFFECTING THE OCCURRENCE OF STUNTING IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OF AGE
Authors: Mardani Raden Ahmad Dedy , Wetasin Kanokwan , Suwanwaiphatthana Wiparat
Published: September 2015

Stunting adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan utama yang berkaitan dengan nutrisi di seluruh dunia, khususnya negara-negara berkembang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor utama yang mempengarui terjadinya stunting pada anak usia dibawah lima tahun.  Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2014 dan merupakan penelitian descriptive cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling untuk memilih posyandu, dan untuk menentukan sampel pada masing-masing posyandu menggunakan proportion stratified random sampling. Total sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 181 sample. Chi-square test and Logistic regression digunakan untuk menganalisis data.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan hubungan yang signifikan antara pendek dengan berat badan lahir (nilai p <.001, PR =1.83), pendidikan ibu (nilai p =.009 PR = 1.80), pengetahuan ibu tentang malnutrisi (nilai p <.001, PR= 2.28), dan tipe-tipe keluarga (nilai p= .003, PR= 1.64); faktor utama penyebab anak pendek pada anak usia dibawah lima tahun adalah pengetahuan ibu tentang malnutrisi (p-value= 0.01, Exp(B)= 0.35).

Stunting is one of the main nutritional health problems throughout the world, particularly in developing countries. The objective of this study was to examine the predictor factors affecting the occurrence of stunting in children under five years of age. This  research was conducted at 2014 and this was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The purposive sampling technique was used to choose the community health meeting, and the proportion stratified random sampling technique was used to selecting the sample in each community health meeting. The total sample size was 181 samples. Chi-square test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed the significant relationships between child’s birth weight (p-value <.001, PR =1.83), mother’s education (p-value =.009 PR = 1.80), mother’s knowledge of child malnutrition (p-value <.001, PR= 2.28), and family types (p-value= .003, PR= 1.64) with stunting; The predictor factor of stunting in children under five years of age was mother’s knowledge of child malnutrition (p-value= 0.01, Exp(B)= 0.35).
Stellungnahme zum Zwischenbericht des Bundeskartellamtes zum Expertenkreis Kartellsanktionsrecht
Authors: Stockmann Kurt
Published: September 2015

Der Beitrag kommentiert die Thesen des am Jahresanfang vom Bundeskartellamt vorgelegten Zwischenberichts zum Expertenkreis Kartellsanktionsrecht mit dem Thema „Reformimpulse für das Kartellbußgeldverfahren“. Außerdem untersucht er, ob und ggf. welche Konsequenzen sich bei einer thesenkonformen Novellierung des Ordnungswidrigkeitenverfahrens für die von der Praxis entwickelten Sonderformen der Fallerledigung nach der Bonusregelung und dem Settlementverfahren ergeben. Darüber hinaus wirft der Beitrag einen Blick auf eventuelle Wechselwirkungen zwischen einer thesenkonformen Novellierung des Verfahrensrechts und einer möglichen Kriminalisierung schwerer Kartellverstöße natürlicher Personen.
Nachfragemacht im Kartellrecht
Authors: Thomas Stefan
Published: September 2015

Die Auswirkungen von unternehmerischer Nachfragemacht auf den Wettbewerb und die Verbraucher sind ambivalent. Einerseits kann Nachfragemacht zu geringeren Einkaufspreisen führen, die den Konsumenten zugute kommen. Andererseits kann sie als ein Mittel zu Verdrängung kleinerer Konkurrenten mit geringerer Nachfragemacht auf nachgelagerten Märkten eingesetzt werden. Darüber hinaus werden in der Wettbewerbsökonomie weitere Auswirkungen von Nachfragemacht diskutiert, wie die Beeinflussung der dynamischen Effizienz und der Produktvielfalt, wobei sich hier bislang keine eindeutigen Grundsätze für die konkrete Kartellrechtsanwendung erkennen lassen. Die kartellrechtliche Bewertung von Nachfragemacht wirft ferner spezifische Schutzzweckfragen auf, die bislang durch die Rechtsprechung nicht geklärt wurden. Es geht darum, ob Lieferanten ein eigenes Interesse an angemessenen Preisen und Konditionen geltend machen können, welches gegen die Ausübung von Nachfragemacht zu schützen ist, selbst wenn es zu keinen weiteren negativen Auswirkungen auf die Gesamt- oder Konsumentenwohlfahrt kommt. Viele dieser Fragen werden durch neuere kartellbehördliche Entscheidungen direkt oder jedenfalls indirekt aufgeworfen. Dazu gehört etwa der Untersagungsbeschluss des BKartA in der Sache EDEKA/Tengelmann. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht ihnen nach und bezieht hierbei auch das US-Kartellrecht mit ein.
Die wettbewerbsrechtliche Zulässigkeit von Meistbegünstigungsklauseln auf Buchungsplattformen am Beispiel von HRS
Authors: Hamelmann Lisa , Haucap Justus , Wey Christian
Published: September 2015

Auf Plattformmärkten werden vielfach Meistbegünstigungsklauseln eingesetzt, durch welche sich der Anbieter verpflichtet, seine Produkte auf der jeweiligen Plattform zu den günstigsten Konditionen zu offerieren. Kartellrechtlich sind diese Klauseln umstritten. Im Jahr 2013 hat das Bundeskartellamt (BKartA) in dem HRS-Beschluss eine solche Klausel als wettbewerbsbeschränkende Vertikalvereinbarung sowie als Missbrauch einer relativ marktstarken Stellung eingestuft. In dem ersten Punkt wurde der BKartA-Beschluss jüngst durch das OLG Düsseldorf bestätigt. Angelehnt an diesen Beschluss beleuchtet der folgende Beitrag die wettbewerbsökonomischen Auswirkungen sowie die wettbewerbsrechtliche Zulässigkeit dieser Klauseln. Dabei wird durch die Verknüpfung juristischer und ökonomischer Betrachtungen eine adäquate Marktabgrenzung in einem – potenziell – zweiseitigen Markt sowie eine deskriptive Wirkungsanalyse vorgenommen und resümiert.
Competition between public and private undertakings
Authors: Mikroulea Alexandra P.
Published: September 2015

An undistorted competition regime can only be achieved on the condition of equality of opportunity among different businesses. The neutrality principle must be also applicable in favor of public sector undertakings according to OFT study dated 2010 and OECD study 2012. In comparative analysis with other member states (Italy and Spain) and Australia the relevant legislations provide the Competition Agencies and the Governments power to ensure and protect the neutrality principle. World Trade Organization is the new forum for international regulation of public restraints? It is a question to be answered. A “soft” solution (soft law), either in the framework of the International Competition Network (ICN) or in the framework of OECD or of the UNCTAD seems realistic. Perhaps more effective seems to be the cultivation of a competition culture (competition advocacy). In competition law,
“second best”
solutions constitute the reply to the problem.
A laktózintoleranciáról: Múlt és jelen – I. rész
Authors: Buzás György Miklós
Published: September 2015

Lactose intolerance is the most prevalent intestinal malabsorption disorder. After presentation of its history, the author describes the emergence of lactose intolerance during the evolution of species, and the biochemistry of lactose as well as features of human and bacterial lactase enzymes are then described. The unequal distribution of lactose intolerance in different continents and population is discussed, followed by presentation of past and present prevalence data in Hungary. Adult-type hypolactasia is caused by a polymorphism of the MCM6 gene located upstream from the lactase gene on the long arm of the chromosome 2. It can be determined with the polymerase chain reaction. The intestinal symptoms of lactose intolerance are well known, but its extra-intestinal manifestations are less recognised. Invasive diagnostic methods (determination of lactase activity from small intestinal biopsies, lactose tolerance test), are accurate, but have been replaced by the non-invasive methods; their gold standard is the H2 breath test. Genetic testing is being used more and more frequently in Hungary too, and, presumably, the methane breath test will be also available in the near future. Lactose intolerance can be accompanied by inflammatory bowel diseases, coeliac disease and irritable bowel syndrome; it could be established whether this association is causal or not in order to start a correct diet and therapy. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(38), 1532–1539.
Intertidal seaweeds from North Atlantic Patagonian coasts, Argentina
Authors: Croce María Emilia , Gauna Maria Cecilia , Fernández Carolina , Parodi Elisa
Published: September 2015

The coasts located between 39°S and 41°S in the Argentinean biogeographic province have been described by impoverished seaweed assemblages, however the floristic information about this region is sparse. The aim of this study was to survey the intertidal seaweeds inhabiting three sites in the oceanographic system “El Rincon” (Buenos Aires, Argentina). A total of 42 taxa were identified with a dominance of Rhodophyta species. The sandstone outcrops (SO) had 29 taxa, whereas both the tidal flat (TF) and oyster reefs (OR) had 11 taxa. The estuarial species Ulva intestinalis and Ulva prolifera were recorded in TF, whereas calcified macroalgae were only found in SO. The differences in richness and composition of seaweed assemblages were associated with substrate type, wave exposure, incident light and salinity. These differences were also evidenced by a dissimilar number of functional groups, which was higher in SO with a dominance of filamentous macroalgae.
Dragonflies (Odonata) from the Taquari River valley region, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Renner Samuel , Périco Eduardo , Sahlén Göran , Dos Santos Daniel Martins , Consatti Guilherme
Published: September 2015

A survey of Odonata was carried out in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul: the Taquari River valley. This region was originally covered by deciduous and Semi-deciduous Atlantic Forest, which today only exist in a highly fragmented environment mainly due to agricultural activities. Our survey was conducted in 12 municipalities from this region, between March 2011 and April 2013. Aiming a general overview of the species composition, our sampling sites included lakes, bogs, small streams and river sections, all inside or surrounded by small forest fragments or forest areas. Fifty species of Odonata were collected comprising 29 genera and seven families. The dominant families were Libellulidae (40%) and Coenagrionidae (36%), while Aeshindae, Gomphidae and Lestidae each only comprise 6% of the total number of species. The findings revealed the presence of a highly diverse odonate assemblage, mainly represented by generalist species in human disturbed fragments and a few forest specialist species in the best preserved remnants only.