bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Usability Evaluation of Dialogue Designs for Voiceprint Authentication in Automated Telephone Banking
Authors: Gunson Nancie , Marshall Diarmid , McInnes Fergus , Morton Hazel , Jack Mervyn A.
Published: June 2017

This paper describes an empirical investigation of the usability of different dialogue designs for voiceprint authentication in automated telephone banking. Three strategies for voice authentication were evaluated in an experiment with 120 telephone banking end-users: 1-Factor (voiceprint authentication based on customers' utterances of their account number and sort code); 1-Factor with Challenge (1-Factor plus a randomly generated digit string); and 2-Factor (1-Factor plus secret information known only to the caller). The research suggests the 2-Factor approach is the most effective strategy in this context: results from a Likert questionnaire show it to be highly usable and it is rated highest in terms of both security and overall quality. Participants welcome the option to use voiceprint technology but the majority would prefer it to augment rather than replace existing security methods.
Emerging Technologies and Organizational Transformation
Authors: Antonova Albena
Published: June 2017

Technologies continue to evolve and to largely transform business practices. In the near future, a few technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT), Augmented Reality (AR), additive manufacturing (3D printing), and robots, can substantially influence businesses. The reason to focus specifically on these technologies as leading factors for organizational change is twofold: first, there already exist many prototypes and pilot experiments; and second, these technologies have the potential to provoke substantial breakthroughs, leading to substantial business changes. The chapter proposes an overall vision about the impact of these four emerging technologies on business practices and how they will fuel substantial business transformation. The chapter starts with a short analysis how IT influences the core business models and value formation. Then, the authors present the state of the art in e-business technologies and current emerging trends. Finally, the authors propose a detailed overview and discussion of the newly emerging bridge technologies, illustrating with examples their role and economic potential.
A Bertrand Game-Based Approach to Hotel Yield Management Strategies
Authors: Watada Junzo , Yoshimura Koki , Vasant Pandian
Published: June 2017

This chapter examines hotel yield management from a game perspective using a duopoly situation of two hotels. The hotel yield management determines strategies by considering the number of available rooms in the Bertrand situation. Each hotel does not know the strategies adopted by a competitive hotel. We derive the strategy that realizes a maximum profit under a given situation and constraints. Furthermore, we validate the game-based strategy developed for hotel yield management. In the real world, a business manager adopts an optimum strategy of yield management to gain profits in the current conditions; after the initial strategy is chosen, however, managers continuously weigh new strategies and investments. Therefore, we import the method of real option. Such maneuvers and investments are required to build new strategies amidst competition in the industry.
Game Theory for Network Security
Authors: Kim Sungwook
Published: June 2017

Network security consists of the provisions and policies adopted by a network administrator to prevent and monitor unauthorized access, misuse, modification, or denial of a computer network and network-accessible resources. It involves the authorization of access to data in a network, which is controlled by the network administrator. Usually, network security covers a variety of computer networks, both public and private, that are used in everyday jobs conducting transactions and communications among businesses, government agencies, and individuals. This chapter explores network security.
Investigating the Roles of Mobile Commerce and Mobile Payment in Global Business
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: June 2017

This chapter aims to investigate the roles of mobile commerce (m-commerce) and mobile payment (m-payment) in global business, thus revealing the overview of m-commerce; m-commerce and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM); m-commerce and trust; the concept of m-payment; the importance of m-commerce in global business; and the importance of m-payment in global business. The operation of m-commerce and m-payment is needed for modern organizations that seek to serve suppliers and customers, increase business performance, strengthen competitiveness, and achieve continuous success in global business. Therefore, it is required for modern organizations to investigate their m-commerce and m-payment, develop a strategic plan to regularly check their practical advancements, and immediately respond to m-commerce and m-payment needs of customers in modern organizations. The chapter argues that applying m-commerce and m-payment has the potential to enhance business performance and reach strategic goals in global business.
Mobile Commerce Security and Its Prevention
Authors: Adlakha Mona
Published: June 2017

Mobile commerce is the next generation of e-commerce, where payments and financial transactions can be carried out with utmost ease using handheld mobile devices. Mobile devices are at a higher security risk due to the large amount of critical financial and personal data available on it. The cause or consequence of these threats could be - malware and spyware attacks; multiple or incorrect m-Commerce payments; breaches due to unauthorized access or disclosure, unauthenticated transactions and risk due to the use of third party networks. This chapter discusses how to manage security risks in m-commerce by first identifying them and then discussing preventive measures for their mitigation. A continuous approach for risk prevention needs to be followed, reviewing the strategy according to the latest challenges. Various risk prevention and mitigation strategies can be adopted. Service providers must follow physical and digital security measures to protect consumer's business information. Independent auditing should ensure compliance with best practice security standards.
Mobile Application and User Analytics
Authors: Ramakrishna Venkatraman , Dey Kuntal
Published: June 2017

Mobile analytics is the systematic study of mobile device and application usage, and application performance, for the purpose of improving service quality. This chapter motivates the need for mobile analytics as an essential cog in the emerging economy built around devices, applications, and communication. A taxonomy of mobile analytics problems is presented, and technical details of a typical mobile analytics solution are discussed. Scale, heterogeneity, dynamically changing environments, and diverse privacy requirements pose challenges to collecting and processing data for such analysis. This chapter examines how analytics solutions handle these challenges. The core of the chapter consists of a technical section describing the general architecture of a mobile analytics solution, procedures to collect and process data, event monitoring infrastructure, system administration processes, and privacy management policies. Case studies of a number of analytics solutions available as commercial products or prototypes are presented.
Investigating the Moderating Roles of Age and Ethnicity in Mobile Commerce Acceptance
Authors: Eze Uchenna Cyril , Poong Yew Siang
Published: June 2017

Mobile commerce (m-commerce) is becoming a major aspect of our human endeavours with the advancements in wireless technology. However, acceptance of m-commerce by consumers is critical to the successful implementation of m-commerce system by business organizations. This chapter examines key factors that influence mobile commerce adoption, and the moderating roles of age and ethnicity. The conceptual framework is underpinned on an extended technology acceptance model. The survey data was collected from participants selected from Malaysia. The analysis was based on 260 valid responses, and the findings reveal that age and ethnicity moderate behavioral intention to adopt m-commerce. Different age groups exhibit different perceptions. Further, cost and subjective norm become more important as age increases, while perceived usefulness becomes more significant as age decreases. Perceived cost and subjective norm are the common predictors for m-commerce adoption regardless of ethnicity. The contributions to research and practice including suggestions for future studies are discussed.
Saudi Consumers Attitudes Towards Online Shopping
Authors: Alsharief Raja Yahya
Published: June 2017

Online shopping in the Arab world countries including Saudi Arabia is still very immature in relation to online shopping in developed and/or western countries. However, online shopping data and available statistics illustrate a very good growing trend in online shopping in KSA. This paper aims to develop a framework to understand and evaluate consumers' attitudes towards online shopping in Saudi Arabia. The paper start by examining the different factors affecting consumer attitudes towards online shopping in related literature, then it examines the literature related to consumers' attitudes towards online shopping in Saudi Arabia. Finally, and based on the results of the literature, it develops a framework to understand and evaluate consumers' attitudes towards online shopping in Saudi Arabia. The paper also provides direction for future research in the field.
Online Shopping Behavior
Authors: Katta Rama Mohana Rao , Patro Chandra Sekhar
Published: June 2017

Online shopping is a recent phenomenon in the field of E-Business with promising results indicating revolutionary change in shopping in the world. Accessibility and convenience are the key drivers for a major shift to online shopping. Due to ever increasing work pressure, multiple roles in life style, paucity of time, consumers are on the lookout of such facility that can suit to their changing needs. Online shopping provides the right solution to get the desired goods and services with a touch on the computer/ mobile screen. Consumers are more connected than ever before and have more information and choices at their fingertips today due to expanding connectivity of internet all over the world. If e-marketers know and understand the factors affecting consumer satisfaction, they can further sharpen their marketing strategies to attract and retain customers. The study focuses on identifying the factors influencing online shopping behavior and the reasons for preferring online shopping compared to shopping in conventional stores.
Technology Is Transforming Shopping Behavior
Authors: Nasır Süphan , Kurtuluş Bengi
Published: June 2017

The advancement of information communication technologies has been creating new opportunities for the retailers and shaping the retail landscape. The mobile device is always with shoppers and it is one of the biggest influencers of in-store shopping behavior. Technology is changing our traditional concept of in-store shopping behavior. The main purpose of this study is to discover how consumers are using mobile devices throughout their purchase journey in the store from an emerging country perspective. A survey was conducted with 593 respondents from Turkey and the findings of this study indicate the importance of in-store mobile phone usage and the high level of acceptance of this trend. In-store mobile phone usage phenomenon referred here as a “trend” will soon become an inevitable life style for whole consumers in this age of technological developments. And this new life style may either be an opportunity or an obstacle for traditional brick and mortar retailers depending on their response towards in-store technology usage.
Implications of HIPAA and Subsequent Regulations on Information Technology
Authors: Soni Payod
Published: June 2017

Abysmal state of policies governing the health plan providers lead to a huge discontent amongst the public in regards to their health plan besides privacy and security of their medical records. Anyone with access to the patient's medical records could potentially share it with parties like health plan providers or the employers. To address the privacy and the security of patient's medical records, Congress enacted HIPAA in 1996. Chapter starts with discussing the need for HIPAA. Subsequently, we discuss HIPAA at considerable depth. Significant additions and changes were made in subsequent acts and amendments due to pressing policy needs and to address various loopholes. The chapter provides a chronological recount of HIPAA since its introduction. Once the reader develops a complete understanding of HIPAA regulation, we shift our focus to the compliance to HIPAA. We delve deeper into implications of HIPAA on healthcare organizations and the information technology world.
Fortifying Corporate Human Wall
Authors: Pattabiraman Anandharaman , Srinivasan Sridhar , Swaminathan Kaushik , Gupta Manish
Published: June 2017

It has been very evident from data breaches from last few years that attackers are increasingly targeting the path of least resistance to compromise the security of organizations. Cyber security threats that exploit human behavior are becoming sophisticated and difficult to prevent against. At the same time humans are the countermeasures that can adapt swiftly to changing risk landscape than technological and procedural countermeasures. Organizations are implementing and enhancing their security awareness and training programs in an attempt to ensure that risks from human elements, which pose the greatest risks, are mitigated. The chapter conducts a thorough literature review in the area of security awareness and training and presents a classification scheme and a conceptual research model to provide insights into the existing body of knowledge in the area. Trends and analyses are also presented from the reviewed papers, which can be of importance to organizations in improving their security awareness programs. The insights from the study can be leveraged to build a strong human wall against both internal and external threats that are fast evolving and causing tremendous amount of loss.
A Tale of Policies and Breaches
Authors: Singh Neha , Mittal Tanya , Gupta Manish
Published: June 2017

While the use of social media offers great opportunities to interact with customers and business partners, there are significant risks associated with this technology if a clear strategy has not been defined to address both the risks and the benefits that come along with it. The best approach for an organization to effectively utilize the benefits of this technology is to engage all relevant stakeholders and establish a strategy that addresses the pertinent issues. The organization needs to have in place relevant policies so as to be able to achieve it. To be able to identify the most frequent risks and their source, we captured breach data from various sources. In the chapter, we analyzed that the most important source of risk that can occur due to use of social media for a company is from its own workforce and an employee might find various ways of doing so.
Use of Large Multi-Touch Interfaces
Authors: Donmez Mehmet , Cagiltay Kursat , Alkan Serkan , Bolukbas Fuat , Akilli Goknur Kaplan
Published: June 2017

This study explores the design considerations and usability factors of using large multi touch interfaces. In this study, an experimental approach incorporating a large multi touch interface environment was used. End user usability test sessions supported with glasses type eye tracker and interview sessions were conducted. The data were collected from one expert and three non-expert users by implementing a task on a military training application. Two analysis methods were used, analysis for eye movement data of users and analysis for interviews. This study revealed that users were generally focusing at the center of the screen while using the large multi touch display. The most common gestures were Tap and Drag which are single touch input gestures. It was easy to adapt to the system by recalling the previous experiences from mobile devices, to manage the area on the screen, and to interact with two hands thanks to display size.
Explicating Green Biofuel Policy Across Indian States
Authors: Mishra Satyendra Nath
Published: June 2017

In 2003 Government of India envisioned Biofuel Policy to generate [un]skilled employment opportunities, address environmental issues, alternative for petroleum fuel and utilization of wasteland in rural areas. The biofuel programme took varied shape across India with focus on social, economic and political priorities of implementing states having varying focus like decentralized development, priority for local use of resources, allocation of wasteland and generating local employment. It was observed that existing policy guidelines, land allocation processes and fund allocation channels were not able to address the challenges came with the emergence of different institutional arrangements across different states of India. The mismatch to address the specific challenges for emerging institutions created fissure between state and its citizens, and potential withdrawal of private players.
Low vs. High Income Entrepreneurial Households
Authors: Matos Stelvia , Hall Jeremy , Bachor Vernon , Silvestre Bruno S.
Published: June 2017

We explore how income differences influence heterogeneous entrepreneurial responses to the institutional environment in Brazil shapes low-income entrepreneurs' propensity to exploit the informal rather than the formal economy. Drawing on the Brazilian Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data, entrepreneurship discourse and institutional theory, we discuss the influence of inadequate preparedness and barriers to institutional support influencing entrepreneurs' abilities to engage in productive economic activities. We contribute to the entrepreneurship discourse by suggesting that concepts developed within the context of relatively prosperous settings do not adequately reflect how low-income entrepreneurs respond to institutional settings.
Economic Partnership Agreement Mexico-Japan and Its Impact on Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: June 2017

This chapter is intended to analyze the advantages to associate with a developing country like México from the perspective of the theories of the Agency, Institutional, Resource-based Theory and the Theory of Transaction Costs. Generally, FDI contributes to capital formation, expansion and diversification of exports, increasing competition, provide access to top technology and improving management systems. Mexico is of the largest FDI recipients within the developing countries. Japan, on the other hand, is one of the largest sources of FDI worldwide, and is gaining a larger share in the Mexican FDI context since the onset of the Economic Partnership Agreement. In this paper, factors that might lead to the depletion of productive spillovers from Japanese manufacturing companies are reviewed from a qualitative perspective. The analysis suggests that inefficiencies in endogenous companies; and Japanese companies being part of firm networks (keiretsu), might lead to productive spillovers depletion.
Testing a Commercial BCI Device for In-Vehicle Interfaces Evaluation
Authors: Louveton Nicolas , Sengupta Korok , McCall Rod , Frank Raphael , Engel Thomas
Published: June 2017

This study is assessing the sensitivity of an affordable BCI device in the context of driver distraction in both low-fidelity simulator and real-world driving environments. Twenty-three participants performed a car following task while using a smartphone application involving a range of generic smartphone widgets. On the first hand, the results demonstrated that secondary task completion time is a fairly robust metric as it is sensitive to user-interfaces style while being consistent between the two driving environments. On the second hand, while the BCI attention level metric was not sensitive to the different user-interfaces, we found it to be significantly higher in the real-driving environment than in the simulated one, which reproduces findings obtained with medical-grade sensors.
A Trusted Ubiquitous Healthcare Monitoring System for Hospital Environment
Authors: Prasad Durga , Chiplunkar Niranjan N. , Nayak K. Prabhakar
Published: June 2017

Wireless Body Sensor Network with wearable and implantable body sensors have been grabbing lot of interests among the researchers and healthcare service providers. These sensors forward physiological data to the personnel at the hospital, doctor or caretaker anytime, anywhere; hence the name of the network is Ubiquitous health monitoring system. The technology has brought Internet of Things into this system making it to get connected to the cloud based internet. This has made the retrieval of information to the expert and thus improving the happiness of elderly people and patients suffering from chronic diseases. This paper focuses on creating an android based application for monitoring patients in hospital environment. The necessity of sharing hospital data to the experts around the globe has brought the necessity of trust in Health care systems. The data sharing in the IOT environment is secured. The environment is tested in real-time cloud environment. The proposed android application serves to be better architecture for hospital monitoring.
Preparation and Characterization of Silk Fibroin Based Antibacterial Biotextiles as Wound Dressing
Authors: Lu Zhi Hua , Zhao Dong Mei , Li Cheng Shun
Published: June 2017

A novel silk fibroin (SF) based bi-layered wound dressing was successfully developed by spraying chitosan (CS) solution on the ring spun silk fibroin fabric. SEM micrographs showed that chitosan solution formed a thin film on the degummed silk fibroin fabric, which had a connective porous structure. The antibacterial property, indirect cytotoxicity and the wound healing properties of the materials were investigated. Comparing with the commercial wound dressing, the bi-layered SF/CS wound dressing could accelerate the wound healing, and may be a potential choice for skin regeneration.
Effect of Heating Temperature on Microstructure of Directionally Solidified Ni-43Ti-7Al Alloy
Authors: Zhou Lei , Zheng Li Jing , Zhang Hu
Published: June 2017

By liquid metal cooling (LMC) process, the Ni-43Ti-7Al (at.%) alloy has been directionally solidified (DS) at different heating temperatures (1450°C, 1550°C, 1650°C) and a constant withdrawal rate of 100μm/s. The results showed that anomalous eutectic structures which consisted of Ti2Ni and TiNi phases were formed at the grain boundaries of as-cast sample and similar structures were also observed in the intercellular regions of DS samples. However, the microstructure changed from the equiaxial structure to the cellular structure due to the axial thermal gradients imposed. After DS, the NiTi and Ti2Ni phases preferentially grew along certain orientation, but the preferred crystallographic orientations of them changed as the heating temperature increased to 1650°C, which might be related to the change of melt structure. As expected, the volume fraction of Ti2Ni increased from 3.3% to 5.2% and the cellular spacing decreased from 47.8μm to 27.0μm as heating temperature increased. In addition, the stability of solid/liquid interface decreased, resulting from the coupling effects of G and ΔT- with the heating temperature increasing.
Contingent convertible bonds as countercyclical capital measures
Authors: Liebenberg Francois , Van Vuuren Gary , Heymans Andre
Published: June 2017

Background: The procyclical nature of capital models under the Basel II Accord has been widely criticised for exacerbating lending in economic expansions and restricting lending during economic contractions. These criticisms have led regulators to employ countercyclical measures in subsequent Basel accords. One of these measures, the countercyclical capital buffer (CCB), has been proposed as an effective countercyclical measure in expansionary periods as a deterrent to excessive lending through increased bank capital requirements.Aim: The effectiveness of the CCB during contractions is not obvious. Contingent convertible (CoCo) bonds – which are bond-like until triggered by a deterioration of a prescribed capital metric, at which point they convert into a form of equity – are explored as a supplementary countercyclical capital measure for such periods to establish whether or not they function effectively.Setting: The analysis is undertaken using global bank CoCo data, and then applied to South African banks.Methods: The Hodrick Prescott filter was applied to empirical historical data.Results: The CCB functions as a good countercyclical capital measure in times of economic expansion by absorbing losses and stabilising the capital base through equity issuance.Conclusion: The issuance of CoCo bonds – if their trigger mechanisms are designed correctly – may prove helpful to banks and the broader financial sector in times of economic contraction through the countercyclical capital properties that manifest through CoCo bonds under these economic conditions.
Evaluation of dimensional accuracy for different complete edentulous impressions immersed in different disinfectant solutions
Authors: Ismail Hussein Abdelfattah , Mahross Hamada Z. , Shikho Suaad
Published: June 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two different disinfectant solutions' immersion on the dimensional accuracy of different complete edentulous impressions. Materials and Methods: A specific custom-made metallic cast template was constructed and used for making both 120 alginate and zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) paste impressions (60 for each). Disinfectants with 1% sodium hypochlorite and 2% glutaraldehyde were used for 10 and 60 min immersion of both impressions. After immersion time, the impressions were used for constructing 120 completely edentulous master stone models and divided into different groups according to the study. An electronic caliper was used for dimensional accuracy measurements of the casts. The data were collected and statistically analyzed according to the independent paired sample t-test at statistically significant level P< 0 05. One-way ANOVA test was used to compare between significant different groups. Results: There is no statistically significant difference in dimensional accuracy of alginate and ZOE paste impressions as disinfection with 1% sodium hypochlorite and 2% glutaraldehyde for 10 min and ZOE paste impressions for 60 min, where there is statistically significant difference in alginate impressions dimensional accuracy as disinfection with 1% sodium hypochlorite and 2% glutaraldehyde for 60 min. Conclusions: Possibility of ZOE impressions paste disinfected with 1% sodium hypochlorite and 2% glutaraldehyde for 10 or 60 min, not affecting on dimensional stability, while alginate impressions, only 10 min immersion in disinfectant not affecting the dimensional stability.
The Impact of Using Mean Versus Mode When Assessing Resident Competency
Authors: Barlow Patrick B. , Thoma Kate DuChene , Ferguson Kristi J.
Published: June 2017

Background 

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Milestone Project was implemented in 2014 to standardize assessments and progression of residents. While it is recommended that milestones not be used as tools for direct assessments of resident competency, many programs have used or adapted milestone tools for this purpose.

Objective 

We sought to explore use of the most frequent milestone level at which a resident was evaluated (ie, the mode), and compared this to the standard practice of using the arithmetic mean for summarizing performance.

Methods 

We reviewed all Family Medicine Milestone evaluations from 1 program for the first 2 academic years of milestone implementation. Mean and mode scores were calculated across 24 unique residents, 841 evaluation forms, and 5897 measurements. The proportion of overestimation errors (where the mean is at least 0.5 larger than the mode) and underestimation errors (where the mean is at least 0.5 less than the mode) were then compared across resident training year and subcompetency.

Results 

For the 24 residents, an estimation error occurred in 175 of 792 of the comparisons (22%). Of these errors, 118 (67%) were overestimation errors. First-year residents accounted for 55% (96 of 175) of all estimation errors. All subcompetencies had some estimation errors, with 6 having greater than 5%.

Conclusions 

If the trend for using the milestones as stand-alone assessment tools is to continue, aggregating data by using frequency distributions and mode would be a more stable and appropriate approach given their nominal or, at best, ordinal nature.
Dignity of Agency in The Aftermath of Personal Apocalypse: Martha Nussbaum, Lionel Shriver, and the Ethics of the Particular
Authors: Rokotnitz Naomi
Published: June 2017

This article tests Martha Nussbaum's assertion that a novel can be “a paradigm of moral activity” (1990: 148) and expands that claim beyond the boundaries Nussbaum is likely to have originally conceived, through a study of Lionel Shriver's controversial novel We Need to Talk About Kevin (2003). The article combines analysis of Shriver's narrative techniques and unorthodox moral argument with current clinical research, discussions of accountability in post-postmodern society, and Nussbaum's hopes for the place of fiction in such debates, particularly with regard to her distinction between the general and the particular in moral judgment. The article reveals how critical focus on violence in Shriver's novel has so far obscured Shriver's fierce and surprisingly optimistic ethical message. In addition to its astute anatomization of trauma, the novel offers readers a framework for envisioning rehabilitation from trauma that is both recuperative and generative. The process of mutual-reconstitution achieved by Shriver's characters challenges readers to reconfigure their expectations and assumptions; to engage with characters that court antipathy; and yet, to emerge from the experience profoundly humbled. Shriver thereby sets forth an existential model of significant importance to contemporary reformulations of notions of authentic self-becoming and of love's knowledge.
The B2Com Relationship: An Empirical Study of the Measure of Relationship Quality in a Business-to-Community Relationship
Authors: Osobajo Oluyomi Abayomi , Moore David
Published: June 2017

The quality of relationship between Oil Producing Companies (OPC) and their Host Communities (HC) within the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria (NDRN) is a source of concern for different stakeholders such as the practitioners, government, communities, and OPC. Scholars in the field of marketing have studied relationship quality in different contexts, such as business-to-business, business-to-customer, customer-to-business, and interpersonal relationship. In this paper, the authors build on existing studies to develop a new relationship framework in a business-to-community (B2Com) context, intended to assess the degree of relationship quality between a business and its host community. The framework is supported by the results of a qualitative research study conducted using an in-depth semi-structured interview approach in exploring and assessing the various relationship elements and constructs impacting on the quality of a relationship developed between an OPC business and its host community in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. The findings showed that activity links, resources ties, actor bond, mutual benefit, communication, control mutuality, mutual goal and culture are the main antecedents of relationship quality, while trust, satisfaction, and commitment are the essential outcomes of relationship quality. The findings also showed that there is a linear relationship between trust, satisfaction and commitment.
Evaluation of the Effect of Probiotic Administration on Gene Expression in Goat Blood
Authors: Ekwemalor Kingsley , Asiamah Emmanuel , Osei Bertha , Ismail Hamid , Worku Mulumebet
Published: June 2017

The objective of this study was to assess the molecular impact of probiotic administration on genes involved in homeostasis and immunity in goat blood. Following initial screening for infection, one-week post weaning, female SpanishXBoer goats were drenched daily with the recommended doses of FASTtrak microbial pack (Conklin Company Inc., Shakopee, MN) in 10 mL sterile water over an 8-week period. The control group were given sterile water. Blood samples were collected weekly. Total RNA was isolated from blood collected at the beginning of the study (week 0) and at the end of the study (week 8) using Tri-reagent and then reverse-transcribed to cDNA using the Ambion-Retroscript kit. Quantification of genes was performed in the CFX96TM Biorad Real-Time PCR detection system with the addition of the dye SYBR green. The cow Wingless (Wnt) signaling pathway, Human Innate & Adaptive Immune Responses and the Cow Inflammatory Cytokine & Receptors RT² Profiler™ PCR Arrays (QIAGEN, Valencia, CA) were used to profile the expression of 84 genes involved in each pathway. Probiotic treatment had no effect on body weight, body condition, fecal egg count and RNA concentration (p>0.05). Packed cell volume and FAMACHA scores were significantly improved by probiotic administration. Results from RT-PCR showed increased expression of genes in innate and adaptive immune response, cytokine and Wnt pathways in response to probiotics. Probiotics induced the expression of 32 genes involved in innate and adaptive immune response inflammatory cytokines, and 48 genes involved in the Wnt signaling pathway. This study provides evidence for a systematic effect of oral probiotic administration on expression of genes involved in immunity and homeostasis in goat blood.
ЭГ-СЭЛЭНГЭ МӨРНИЙ ЗЭВЭГ Brachymystax lenok, (Pallas,1773) ЗАГАСНЫ СУДАЛГААНЫ ДҮНГЭЭС
Authors: Ц Өнөржаргал , Б Ганзориг , М Жансагсодном , Б Мэндсайхан
Published: June 2017

Улс орон хөгжихийн хирээр эрчим хүчний хэрэглээ ихэсч усны барилга байгууламжуудыг барих ажил эрчимтэй явагдаж байгаагаас шалтгаалан тэдгээр нь загасны нүүдэл, шилжилт хөдөлгөөн, идэш тэжээл, популяцийн төлөв байдалд хэрхэн нөлөөлөхийг судлах зорилгоор Эг-Сэлэнгэ мөрний загасны судалгааг 2014-2015 онд явуулсан. Эгийн голоос судалгаанд 2+-8+ насны 206-500 (326±77.9) мм урттай, 88-1321 (582±436.4) гр жинтэй, Сэлэнгэ мөрнөөс 2+-9+ насны 205-563 (378±73.1) мм урттай, 83-1768 (599±381.2) гр жинтэй зэвэг загас хамрагдсан бөгөөд 2+-5+ насны өсвөр насны загас 73.3%-79.1%-ийг эзэлж байна. Түүний идэш тэжээлийн бүрэлдэхүүнд сээрнуруугүйтэн амьтад хуурай массын 97%-ийг эзэлж, загас 1.9-2.3%-ийг эзэлж байна. Зэвэг загасны шилжилт хөдөлгөөнийн тогтоох зорилгоор анх удаа тусгай зориулалтын дохиолол дамжуулагчийг мэс заслын аргаар хэвлийд суулган тракин хийн 2 км шилжилт хөдөлгөөн хийж байгааг тогтоолоо.
ХООРМОГНООС ЯЛГАСАН СҮҮНХҮЧЛИЙН БАКТЕРИЙН УУРАГ ЗАДЛАХ ИДЭВХИЙН СУДАЛГАА
Authors: Э Ууганцэцэг , Б Батжаргал , Б Очирхуяг
Published: June 2017

Уламжлалт аргаар бэлтгэсэн ингэний хоормогны 25 дээжнээс сүүнхүчлийн бактерийн 112 цэвэр өсгөвөр ялган тэдгээрийн уураг задлах идэвхийг судлан тогтоолоо. Сүүнхүчлийн бактераас ялгарах уураг задлагч ферментүүдийн үйлчлэлээр шингэн сүүнд явагдах уургийн задралын дүнд үүсч буй NH2 бүлгийн OPA (o-phthaldialdehyde) урвалжтай өгөх өнгөт нэгдлийн гэрлийн шингээлтийн эрчимийг 340 нм-т хэмжих замаар ялгасан өсгөврүүдийн уураг задлах идэвхийг тодорхойлсон. Ялгасан өсгөврүүдийн 33 нь буюу 29.46% нь уураг задлах идэвх үзүүлсэний 18 нь буюу 16% нь уураг задлах идэвх өндөртэй гарсан. Эдгээр 18 өсгөврийн эсийн гаднах уураг задлагч энзимүүдийн нөлөөгөөр шингэн сүүнд явагдах уургийн задралын зэрэг 4.2±0.4-14±0.4 % байв.
Өлзийт нуурын эмчилгээний шаврын уусмал, түүний бактерийн эсрэг үйлчлэлийн дүнгээс
Authors: Г Долмаа , Г Ганзаяа , Ч Эрхэмцэцэг , О Мөнхтуяа , Б Уянга , Б Очирбат , С Наранцэцэг
Published: June 2017

The mud solution was isolated from mud in Ulziit lake and have been determined their chemical composition. Mud solution was obtained by pressing method, water soluble by extracting with water.Yield of solution (in natural mud) was 18.1%, yield of water extract was 17.05%, dry residue in mud solution and water extract were 18.37% and 17.96%, respectively.In mud solution were anions with following concentration: Cl- (52895 mg/l), SO42-(2650 mg/l), NO2- (11.2 mg/l), NO3-(0.0 mg/l), HCO3- (1830 mg/l), kations with following concentration: NH4+- (2.4 mg/l) , Fe3+-(0.0 mg/l), Fe2+-(0.0 mg/l); in water extract were anions with following concentration: Cl- (36476 mg/l), SO42-(2100 mg/l), NO2- (0.0 mg/l), NO3-(0.0mg/l), HCO3- (1982.5 mg/l) kations with following concentration: Ca2+(400.8 mg/l), Mg2+(8208 mg/l), NH4+- (2.1mg/l) , Fe3+-(0.0 mg/l), Fe2+-(0.0 mg/l). The content of macro and microelements in mud solution was 0.0003->3%.The mud solution of Ulziit lake was extracted by chloroform and investigated by chromato-mass-spectral method. This analysis shows that mud solution contains hydrocarbons 14.87%, dialkylphtalates 48.15%, organic acids 36.97%, respectively.
Wordsworth's Prelude, the Eternal Child, and the Dialectics of Bildung
Authors: Benziman Galia
Published: June 2017

Franco Moretti argues that inherent in the Bildungsroman is a tension between youth as an energetic emblem of modernity and change, and adulthood, which signifies stoppage, stasis, and finality. However, Wordsworth’s Prelude complicates this binary, as the Romantic resistance to the adult order renders childhood and youth a dialectical image of rebellion, stasis, and finality. The Prelude has been read as a formation narrative that influenced the English Bildungsroman, yet Wordsworth’s representation of childhood within a frozen temporality indicates how the Prelude’s telos of progress and growth becomes a conflicted matter. The dialectic of growth that informs the work subverts the linearity of the story of development and at the same time produces anxiety about the difficulty to grow up. The topos of the child who does not grow up captures the inherent ambiguity surrounding the Bildung ideal, while the morbidity associated with this topos reveals the dark side of the idealization of childhood.
Creating a Patrotic History: Historical Source-Editing as National Monument
Authors: Widén Per
Published: June 2017

‘Kungliga samfundet för utgivande av handskrifter rörande Skandinaviens historia’ [Royal society for the publication of manuscripts on Scandinavian history], a society dedicated to the editing and printing of historical source documents, was founded in Stockholm in 1815. Earlier research has focused upon the editorial praxis of the society’s publication, Handlingar rörande Skandinaviens historia. Here I focus more upon the monumental and museological aspects of the society’s work. Viewed as types of national monument, source editions from the romantic era can tell us something about how history was produced and popularised during this period. The source documents printed in Handlingar served as educational tools intended to help the reader better understand history, specifically in this case the history of Sweden. But such editions also functioned – like a museum or a monument – as triggers for emotions, memory, and historicity, and like those other institutions, romantic-period source editions played a significant role in the construction and negotiation of national memory and heritage.
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Authors: Name No
Published: June 2017

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Batti, figure de lectrice subalterne
Authors: Piégay Nathalie
Published: June 2017

Batti, dans Les géorgiques (1981), est un personnage subalterne auquel le texte accorde pourtant une importance et même un privilège particuliers. En examinant la façon dont ce personnage de domestique lit les lettres du Général, nous verrons comment Claude Simon fait de la lecture une expérience sensible sans en négliger l’historicité. Plus, il semble que la lecture de Batti redouble celle du romancier : elle ouvre ainsi une réflexion implicite sur la discordance des choses et des signes et sur l’impact imaginaire que peut avoir une correspondance.
Traduction et art poétique, de Valéry à Bonnefoy
Authors: Charest Nelson
Published: June 2017

Cet article tente de tracer un départage des poétiques du xxe siècle, entre ce que nous proposons d’appeler une ère poïétique et une ère herméneutique. Ces deux poétiques sont particulièrement visibles dans les oeuvres critiques de Paul Valéry, d’une part, et d’Yves Bonnefoy, d’autre part. Leurs traductions respectives, et tout particulièrement les réflexions qu’elles leur permettent d’établir sur leurs créations propres, semblent un lieu privilégié où ils élaborent des poétiques qui se veulent d’emblée comparatives et générales. Ainsi se comprennent mieux, à notre sens, leurs visions respectives de l’oeuvre mallarméenne et de sa philosophie du langage. Alors que Valéry considère la traduction et la création poétique comme un moyen d’accéder aux sources du travail poétique, maintenu constamment dans ses exigences, Bonnefoy les considère plutôt comme une tentative, toujours ouverte et a posteriori, de questionner le poème et de relancer sa précarité, son espérance.
Ars poetica (in vitro) : réflexions sur le réarmement du poème
Authors: Coste Didier
Published: June 2017

L’absence de la poésie lyrique dans la poétique d’Aristote et longtemps après a permis et exigé la rédaction d’innombrables « arts poétiques », dont les fonctions, les contenus et la place dans l’oeuvre poétique n’ont cessé de varier. La perte d’autorité sociale du discours littéraire et la relégation du lyrique loin derrière la fiction narrative ont à la fois entraîné un développement potentiellement illimité du métapoétique au détriment de toute référence au monde et sauvé, parfois, le poème, de sa dissolution dans la prose. De la hantise et de la fascination du silence, chez Rilke, au retour d’un sujet souverain de ses incertitudes chez Guillevic, on constate le manque de la voix de l’autre, d’une voix autre que celle du sujet esseulé. Dire le manque ne suffit pas. La tâche du poème aujourd’hui serait de bâtir un espace pour cette voix et de faire en sorte qu’art poétique et poème du monde jouissent, eux aussi, chacun de son tour de parole.
Paphlagonia Bölgesi’nde Geç Antik ve Erken Bizans Yerleşimi: Sora / Late Antique and Early Byzantine Settlement in Paphlagonia Region: Sora
Authors: Gür Durmuş , Yıldırım Yaşar Serkal
Published: June 2017

Abstract

The late antique, early Byzantine settlement area locates at 12 km. distance to southwest of Karabuk Central District, on a sloping land with an altitude of 700 meters piedmont of Keltepe mountain. This settlement area, called as Zora, Zara, Zopran, Sora, Sopran or some other similar names by the researchers, locates within the boundaries of Akören (Kaleköy) and Zopran today. This area is one of the five central eparchies bounded to Paphlagonia district of Gangra (Çankırı).

Various column headers, inscriptions, sculptures, Hellenistic sepulchres and architectural ruins belonging to Roman age are identified there. The settlement area called as Sora since the 4th century is observed by Doublet (1889), Mendel (1901), Gökoğlu (1952), Marek (1993, 2003), Belke (1996) and Umar (2007), and they found out that it used to be called Zobran in the records of 16th century Ottoman archive.

Within the scope of this research, Sora is observed in details for the periods of Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman. The life of St. Autonomous, who had came there in the 4th century to proselytize Christianity and became a martyre, their sepulchre constructions, the bishops of the city, architectural plastic works and scriptures are all researched. Moreover, the problem of naming the area which was confusing for many years is tried to be solved by this research beside documenting the present condition of the architectural ruin on their original places.

Öz

Karabük’ün 12 km. güneybatısında bulunan geç Antik-erken Bizans dönemi yerleşim alanı Sora (günümüzde Zopran ve Akören), Keltepe Dağı’nın eteklerinde ortalama 700 m. rakımda eğimli bir arazi üzerinde yer almaktadır. Araştırmacılar tarafından Zora, Zara, Zopran, Sora, Sopran gibi çeşitli isimlerle adlandırılan yerleşim, günümüzde Akören (Kaleköy) ve Zopran sınırlarında kalmaktadır. Sora, Paphlagonia bölgesinde Gangra (Çankırı) Metropolitliğine bağlı beş Piskoposluk merkezinden biridir.

Kentte sütun başlıkları, yazıtlar, heykeller, Hellenistik-Roma dönemine tarihlendirilen mezar odaları ve mimari kalıntılar tespit edilmiştir. Doublet (1889), Mendel (1901), Gökoğlu (1952), Marek (1993, 2003), Belke (1996), Umar (2007) tarafından incelenen, 4.yüzyıldan itibaren Sora olarak adlandırılan yerleşim alanı 16. yüzyıl Osmanlı dönemi arşiv kayıtlarında Zobran olarak geçmektedir.

Çalışma kapsamında Sora’nın Roma, Bizans ve Osmanlı dönemi incelenmiştir. Hıristiyanlığı yaymak için 4. yüzyılda Sora’ya gelen ve şehit olan Aziz Autonomous’un hayatı, mezar yapıları, kentin piskoposları, mimari plastik eserleri ve yazıtları incelenmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca uzun yıllar karıştırılan ve tartışılan yerleşimin adlandırılma sorunu çözümlenmeye çalışılmış, mimari kalıntılar yerinde incelenerek eserlerin günümüz durumları belgelenmiştir.
Kıbrıs Türk Eğitim Tarihinde Shakespeare Okulu ve Nejmi Sagıp Bodamyalızade / Shakespeare School and Nejmi Sagip Bodamyalizade in Cyprus Turkish Education History
Authors: Özkul Ali Efdal , Özsezer Mete
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Nejmi Sagıp Bodamyalızade, who was originally from Paphos in the south-west of Cyprus, completed his education at Oxford University. Then he returned to the island and established the Shakespeare School, which is one of the first private schools of the island. He has undertaken both teaching and school management roles here. Many Turkish Cypriots have been educated in this private school which offers English education. Nejmi Sagıp, which has a high level of general culture, has been nicknamed Feylosof (philosopher) by the community. During World War II, Nejmi Sagıp declared himself as a deputy of Cypriot Muslims by the signing of thousands of people in Nicosia. By using this title, Mr. Nejmi sent letters to the presidents and deputies of several countries, mainly the United Kingdom, defending the rights of Turkish Cypriots against the Enosis requests of Greek Cypriots. Mr. Nejmi has literary works besides education and political activities. One of his literary was the Quran which he translates to English. He also translated some of the classics of Turkish literature into English. Many people, especially the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw, Nobel Peace Prize-winning, have already begun to appreciate him for his translations. As a result, Mr. Nejmi has an important value for the Turkish Cypriot Political, Cultural and Educational history. 

Öz

Aslen Kıbrıs’ın güney batısında bulunan Baf Kazasından olan Nejmi Sagıp Bodamyalızade, Oxford Üniversitesi’ndeki eğitimini tamamladıktan sonra adaya dönerek adanın ilk özel okullarından olan Shakespeare Okulu’nu kurmuştur. Burada hem öğretmenlik hem de okul müdürlüğü görevlerini üstlenmiştir. İngilizce eğitim veren bu özel okulda birçok Kıbrıslı Türk eğitim almıştır. Genel kültür düzeyi yüksek olan Nejmi Sagıp’a halk tarafından Feylosof (Filozof) lakabı takılmıştır. Nejmi Sagıp, II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında Lefkoşa’da binlerce kişiden imza toplayarak kendisini Kıbrıslı Müslümanların vekili ilan etmiştir. Nejmi Bey bu unvanı kullanarak başta İngiltere olmak üzere birçok ülkenin başkan ve elçilerine Kıbrıslı Rumların Enosis taleplerine karşı Kıbrıs Türklerinin haklarını savunan mektuplar göndermiştir. Nejmi Bey’in eğitim ve siyasi faaliyetlerinin yanında edebi çalışmaları da bulunmaktadır. Kaleme aldığı edebi eserlerinden birisi de İngilizceye çevirdiği manzum Kur’an-ı Kerim’dir. Ayrıca Türk Edebiyatının klasiklerinin bazılarını da İngilizceye tercüme etmiştir. Yaptığı bu çeviriler sayesinde başta Nobel Barış ödülü sahibi İrlandalı yazar George Bernard Shaw olmak üzere birçok kişinin takdirini toplamayı başarmıştır. Sonuç olarak Nejmi Bey Kıbrıs Türk Siyasi, Kültürel ve Eğitim tarihinin bir dönemine damgasını vurmuştur denilebilir.