bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The WellNext Scan: Validity evidence of a new team-based tool to map and support physicians’ well-being in the clinical working context
Authors: Abedali Sofiya , van den Berg Joost , Smirnova Alina , Debets Maarten , Bogerd Rosa , Lombarts Kiki
Published: February 2025

Occupational well-being is inherent to physicians’ professional performance and is indispensable for a cost-effective, robust healthcare system and excellent patient outcomes. Increasing numbers of physicians with symptoms of burnout, depression, and other health issues are demonstrating the need to foster and maintain physicians’ well-being. Assessing physicians’ well-being, occupational demands, and resources can help create more supportive and health-promoting working environments. The WellNext Scan (WNS) is a 46-item questionnaire developed to assess (i) physicians’ well-being and (ii) relevant factors related to physicians’ clinical working environment. We collected data to investigate the validity and reliability of the WNS using a non-randomized, multicenter, cross-sectional survey of 467 physicians (staff, residents, doctors not in training, and fellows) from 17 departments in academic and non-academic teaching medical centers in the Netherlands. Exploratory factor analysis detected three composite scales of well-being (energy and work enjoyment, meaning, and patient-related disengagement) and five explanatory factors (supportive team culture, efficiency of practice, job control and team-based well-being practices, resilience, and self-kindness). Pearson’s correlations, item-total and inter-scale correlations, and Cronbach’s alphas demonstrated good construct validity and internal consistency reliability of the scales (α: 0.67–0.90; item-total correlations: 0.33–0.84; inter-scale correlations: 0.19–0.62). Overall, the WNS appears to yield reliable and valid data and is now available as a supportive tool for meaningful team-based conversations aimed at improving physician well-being.
Efficiency, cytotoxicity, and survivability evaluation of Salmonella phage cocktail against Salmonella derived from broiler sources
Authors: Pelyuntha Wattana , Narkpao Thamonwan , Yamik David Yembilla , Kiatwuthinon Pichamon , Sanguankiat Arsooth , Kovitvadhi Attawit , Vongkamjan Kitiya
Published: February 2025

Background and Aim: Salmonella is a leading cause of foodborne illnesses worldwide, often linked to poultry products. Antibiotic resistance among Salmonella strains has increased the need for alternative decontamination strategies, such as bacteriophage (phage) therapy. This study evaluates the lytic efficiency, cytotoxicity, and survivability of a Salmonella phage cocktail derived from wastewater sources.

Materials and Methods: A total of 251 Salmonella enterica isolates from broiler production chains were tested against two selected phages (WP109 and WP128). The phages were characterized for lytic ability, cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cells, and survivability under simulated gastrointestinal and harsh environmental conditions. A cocktail of the phages was further tested for efficiency at different multiplicities of infection (MOIs) against representative Salmonella strains.

Results: Phage WP109 lysed 91.2% of Salmonella isolates, while WP128 lysed 78.2%. The phage cocktail exhibited a significant reduction of Salmonella counts at MOI 104, achieving up to a 4.4 log CFU/mL reduction in vitro. The cocktail maintained 99.9% survivability in simulated gastric conditions and displayed no cytotoxic effects on Caco-2 cells. Moreover, it was resistant to various ionic sanitizers and pH levels ranging from 2 to 11.

Conclusion: The developed phage cocktail demonstrated high lytic efficacy, stability, and safety under simulated conditions, highlighting its potential as a biocontrol agent in the broiler production chain. These findings support its application in reducing Salmonella contamination while addressing the challenges posed by antibiotic resistance.

Keywords: antibiotic resistance, bacteriophage therapy, food safety, phage cocktail, poultry production, Salmonella.
A comprehensive review of metaheuristic algorithms for ‎combinatorial optimization problems
Authors: Saber Rashid Nazik , M. I. Zebari Ibrahim
Published: February 2025

Metaheuristic algorithms are essential for handling difficult combinatorial optimization issues that arise in a variety of domains such as engi-‎neering, logistics, and operations research. These algorithms, based on natural, social, and physical events, strike a compromise between ‎computing efficiency and solution quality. This study divides metaheuristic approaches into three categories: evolutionary algorithms, ‎swarm intelligence techniques, and physics-based models, with a focus on current advances like hybrid and AI-driven frameworks. It also ‎examines issues like as standardization, scalability, and practical implementation, including examples such as the Fire Hawk Optimizer to ‎demonstrate its uses. This study intends to lead the development of trustworthy and efficient metaheuristic algorithms to solve increasingly ‎complicated optimization issues in real-world settings, integrating theoretical ideas and practical examples‎.
“Ni de aquí, ni de allá”. La identidad colectiva de la segunda generación de la diáspora saharaui en Canarias
Authors: Cabrera Abu Nasara
Published: February 2025

El objetivo del presente artículo es comprender cómo la segunda generación de saharauis en Canarias experimenta y define la identidad colectiva (saharaui) desde los estudios diaspóricos. La metodología empleada ha sido la teoría fundamentada, adecuada para parcelas de la realidad poco exploradas, a través de historias de vida y entrevistas narrativas a 28 saharauis de segunda generación residentes en Canarias. El análisis muestra cómo se desarrollan los procesos de construcción identitaria de estos jóvenes en función de sus identificaciones con los grupos de referencia y pertenencia (sociedad de origen, de acogida y connacionales en Canarias). Todo ello en relación con el significado que estos atribuyen a la identidad colectiva y las consecuencias que dichos significados revisten en sus vidas e interacciones sociales. El estudio concluye que estos jóvenes manifiestan identidades múltiples a través de tres registros identitarios: étnico, asimilado e híbrido, contribuyendo a redefinir y contestar la identidad colectiva tradicional saharaui.
Inventories of Jesuit Silver Altarware
Authors: Molina J. Michelle
Published: February 2025

This is a study of an inventory of silver altarware that adorned Jesuit churches and chapels in New Spain (colonial Mexico). Using a performative lens, it analyzes how these inventories were produced, emphasizing the role of notaries who navigated two spatial concerns: the Spanish Crown’s desire to monitor the Jesuits after their exile and the need to conceptualize the sacredness of silver objects altered by divine presence. This exploration raises critical questions about how these inventories reflect processes of world-making and the interplay of human and non-human agency, as discussed by science studies scholar Andrew Pickering. I argue that these inventories reveal the complexities of colonial power, illustrating how divine presence on the altar constrained the Crown’s authority. Ultimately, the study highlights the dynamic between the Crown's attempts to dismantle the Jesuit order and the enduring influence of sacramental logics that shape the exercise of power within this colonial context.
GORE, Amy. 2023. Book Anatomy: Body Politics and the Materiality of Indigenous Book History.
Authors: Karahkwí:io Diabo Gage
Published: February 2025

Book Review
GRIFFIN, Benjamin, ed. 2024. Pudd’nhead Wilson: Manuscript and Revised Versions, with Those Extraordinary Twins, by Mark TWAIN.
Authors: Levin Joanna
Published: February 2025

Book Review
Quasi-static methods for determining the calculated wheel load on the railway track
Authors: Kurhan Dmytro , Kovalskyi Denis
Published: February 2025

This paper analyzes existing quasi-static methods for determining the wheel load on the railway track and provides recommendations for their application under various operating conditions. The study examines the influence of train speed, track design, and track condition on the calculated dynamic load values. The results indicate that at high speeds, additional dynamic components must be considered for a more accurate load assessment. A comparative analysis of the examined methods demonstrates their equivalence within specific speed ranges, enabling their synthesis to expand applicability and improve calculation accuracy. The study also includes calculations for ballastless track, considering its increased stiffness. It was found that for such structures, the load calculation equations need to be adjusted, as ballastless track exhibits reduced deflection but higher transmitted dynamic loads. The updated equations proposed in this paper allow for a more precise determination of wheel loads for different types of rolling stock and track structures. The results can be integrated into mathematical models of railway track behavior to refine external load parameters. Additionally, reference load values are essential for railway track condition monitoring systems.
The PGPR Bacteria from Bamboo Rhizosphere as a Biocontrol Agent for Moler Disease
Authors: Susanti Herni , Rianto Fadjar , Syahputra Edy
Published: February 2025

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai agens hayati, baik terhadap F. oxysporum ataupun patogen lainnya. PGPR dari perakaran bambu berpotensi dimanfaatkan untuk pengendalian penyakit moler pada bawang merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan penilaian potensi PGPR dari perakaran bambu, sebagai agens antagonis terhadap F. oxysporum. Sampel rizosfer bambu diambil dari beberapa lokasi di Kalimantan Barat dan diisolasi menggunakan metode tuang sebar pada medium nutrient agar. Isolat-isolat yang diperoleh dilakukan penilaian sebagai agens antagonis terhadap F. oxysporum secara in vitro. Hasil ekplorasi diperoleh 30 isolat, 19 isolat di antaranya mempunyai daya hambat terhadap F. oxysporum. Pada uji produksi HCN, diperoleh tujuh isolat terindikasi menghasilkan gas HCN dan menghambat F.oxysporum melebihi 50%, yaitu isolat PY.01, ST.02, PY.03, S2.05, PR.01, PR.02, dan ST.03. Isolat tersebut juga dapat menurunkan produksi konidium. Pengujian anticendawan dari metabolit yang terlarut dalam supernatan diperoleh 12 isolat menunjukkan sifat anticendawan dan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan F. oxysporum. Metabolit sekunder dari isolat PR.01 memiliki indeks penghambatan tertinggi, yaitu 73.08. Isolat ST.02, PR.02, dan S2.05 menunjukkan keunggulan dalam menghambat F. oxysporum, menghasilkan gas HCN dan metabolit.
Kesesuaian Lahan Untuk Transplantasi Lamun di Pantai Ujung Piring dan Pantai Blebak, Jepara
Authors: Ompusunggu Rifandi Septiadi , Riniatsih Ita , .Widianingsih Widianingsih
Published: February 2025

Pantai Ujung Piring dan Pantai Blebak memiliki ekosistem lamun yang kurang sehat (<29%) dengan total penutupan lamun pada sub stasiun Blebak I adalah 20,77%, pada sub stasiun Blebak II adalah 14,91%, pada sub stasiun Ujung Piring I 19,96%, sedangkan pada sub stasiun Ujung Piring II tidak ada lamun. Aktivitas manusia memberikan dampak negatif terhadap vegetasi lamun. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk memperbaiki fungsi ekologis ekosistem padang lamun, salah satunya yaitu melalui metode transplantasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik ekosistem padang lamun yaitu kerapatan, penutupan dan kondisi ekologis yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk menilai indeks kesesuaian lahan dalam penentuan prioritas sumber bibit dan donor dalam transplantasi lamun. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemilihan titik stasiun adalah survey eksplorasi. Metode lamun berdasarkan life strategy lamun dan disesuaikan dengan karakteristik padang lamun di Pantai Ujung Piring dan Pantai Blebak. Pada stasiun Pantai Blebak ditemukan 3 jenis lamun, yaitu T. hemprichii, C. rotundata, dan O. serrulata, sedangkan stasiun Pantai Ujung Piring ditemukan 3 jenis lamun, yaitu T. hemprichii, C. rotundata, dan E. acoroides. Hasil analisis PTSI sub stasiun Pantai Ujung Piring I, sub stasiun Pantai Blebak I dan Blebak II mendapat skor 0, sedangkan sub stasiun Pantai Ujung Piring II mendapat skor 8, sehingga sub stasiun Pantai Ujung Piring II sesuai sebagai lokasi transplantasi jenis T. hemprichii dan bibit lamun dapat diambil dari sub stasiun Pantai Ujung Piring I, sub stasiun Pantai Blebak I dan Blebak II.
Kelimpahan Makro Debris Di Ekosistem Mangrove Teluk Benoa, Bali
Authors: Peranginangin Ameta Br , Ernawati Ni Made , Saraswati Ni Luh Gede Rai Ayu
Published: February 2025

Makro debris ialah sampah yang ditemukan di perairan, dengan ukuran panjang antara 25 cm hingga 1 m. Sampah ini sering ditemukan pada saat air pasang atau surut. Makro debris yang terakumulasi di wilayah pesisir bisa memberi dampak secara ekologis ataupun ekonomi sebab bisa mengganggu stabilitas ekosistem serta keberlangsungan hidup organisme. Salah satu ekosistem yang sering menjadi tempat tersangkutnya sampah dalam jumlah besar adalah ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan dalam mengidentifikasi komposisi dan kelimpahan makro debris yang tersebar di Kawasan Mangrove Teluk Benoa, Kabupaten Badung, Bali. Tahap penelitian yang dilakukan dimulai dari observasi secara langsung dan penentuan titik stasiun penelitian, dan pembuatan transek dengan ukuran 5 x 5 meter. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi komposisi dan kelimpahan makro debris di ekosistem mangrove Teluk Benoa, Bali, dengan fokus pada sampah plastik, kaca, logam, kain, dan karet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi makro debris terdiri plastik dari plastik (780 item, 89,45%), diikitu oleh karet (41 item, 4,70%), kain (25 item, 2,87%), kaca (15 item, 2,87%), dan logam (11 item, 1,72%). Berat makro debris tertinggi yang ditemukan ialah jenis plastik atas nilai total 24433 g dengan rata-rata berat 2714,78 dan yang paling kecil terdapat pada jenis logam atas nilai total 1142 g dengan rata-rata berat 252,44. Makro debris yang memiliki kelimpahan tertinggi adalah jenis plastik yaitu sebesar 7,8 item/m2, sedangkan kelimpahan terendah adalah jenis logam yaitu sebesar 0,11 item/m2 makro debris.
Total Flavonoid dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Gracilaria Sp. Hasil Pemisahan Kromatografi Kolom
Authors: Nittya Anindita Rizky , Hafiludin Hafiludin
Published: February 2025

Rumput laut Gracilaria sp. merupakan jenis rumput laut yang memiliki kandungan senyawa bioaktif seperti alkaloid, steroid, saponin, flavonoid, dan tanin. Sumber senyawa antioksidan pada Gracilaria sp. berasal dari senyawa yang bersifat fenolik. Aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak kasar Graciilaria sp. didapatkan nilai IC50 masih tergolong rendah dan memerlukan pemurnian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa bioaktif dan total flavonoid pada ekstrak metanol rumput laut Gracilaria sp. serta aktivitas antioksidan hasil pemisahan menggunakan kromatografi kolom. Penelitian ini dilakukan beberapa tahapan, yaitu analisis fitokimia, pemilihan eluen terbaik menggunakan metode kromatografi lapis tipis, pemisahan ekstrak metanol Gracilaria sp. dengan menggunakan kromatografi kolom, analisis total flavonoid, dan analisis aktivitas antioksidan hasil pemisahan kromatografi kolom. Senyawa bioaktif hasil analisis fitokimia pada ekstrak metanol Gracilaria sp. didapatkan senyawa flavonoid dan saponin Pemilihan eluen terbaik menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis dengan perbandingan eluen n-heksan : etil asetat (7:3), (16:4), (17:3), dan (18:2). Hasil pemilihan eluen terbaik dan identifikasi senyawa menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis didapatkan nilai Rf terbaik dihasilkan oleh perbandingan eluen n-heksan : etil asetat (7:3) sebesar 0,963 cm dengan warna noda jingga. Pemisahan ekstrak metanol Gracilaria sp. dengan kromatografi kolom didapatkan total 9 fraksi. Analisis total flavonoid hasil pemisahan kromatografi kolom dilakukan pada fraksi dengan nilai absorbansi tertinggi didapatkan sebesar 12,456 mg QE/g. Aktivitas antioksidan pada fraksi dengan nilai absorbasi tertinggi didapatkan nilai IC50 sebesar 219,17 ppm. Aktivitas antioksidan yang didapatkan lebih baik dari hasil aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak kasar rumput laut Gracilaria sp.
Morfometri Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) Berdasarkan Perbedaan Jenis Kelamin, Tingkat Kematangan Gonad, dan Faktor Kondisi di Perairan Pegagan Madura
Authors: Maryani Leni , Sundoko Ahmad , Qomariah Lailatul , Rahmadan Farhan , Santeri Tiara , Susilowati Ragil
Published: February 2025

Sumber daya rajungan saat ini telah mengalami tekanan terhadap kelangsungan hidup akibat semakin meningkatnya upaya penangkapan di alam. Pengelolaan sumberdaya rajungan diperlukan informasi tentang kondisi biologi rajungan untuk penetapan ukuran, jenis kelamin, dan jumlah yang boleh ditangkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur ukuran lebar karapas dalam hubungannya dengan perbedaan jenis kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad, dan faktor kondisi rajungan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode observasi melalui pengukuran lebar, berat, dan tingkat kematangan gonad kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan ukuran rajungan termasuk dalam kategori rajungan remaja hingga dewasa baik untuk rajungan jantan maupun rajungan betina. Pola pertumbuhan rajungan jantan koefesien nilai b sebesar 3,09 dan rajungan betina 3,14 menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan rajungan di perairan Perairan Pegagan Madura bersifat allometrik positif. Sebagian besar rajungan betina berada pada fase matang gonad sehingga faktor kondisi rajungan betina cenderung lebih rendah dibandingkan rajungan jantan hal ini disebabkan sebagian besar rajungan betina baru melewati fase pemijahan. Perlu adanya perlindungan terhadap rajungan yang semakin menurun dikarenakan penangkapan yang berlebihan.  The current blue swimming crab resources have experienced pressure on survival due to increasing fishing efforts in nature. Management of crab resources requires information on the biological conditions of crabs to determine the size, sex, and number that can be caught. This study aims to analyze the structure of carapace width concerning sex differences, gonad maturity levels, and crab condition factors. The observation method is used to measure the width, weight, and gonad maturity levels and then analyze them descriptively. The study results showed that based on the size, the crabs are included in the juvenile to adult crabs category for both male and female crabs. The growth pattern of male crabs with a coefficient of b value of 3.09 and female crabs 3.14 indicates that the growth pattern of crabs in the waters of Pegagan Madura Island is Allometric positive. Most female crabs are in the gonad maturity phase, so the condition factor of female crabs tends to be lower than male crabs because most female crabs have just passed the spawning phase. There needs protection for crabs, which are declining due to excessive fishing.
Percibir más desigualdad, cuando se es menos clasista, incrementa el apoyo a políticas redistributivas
Authors: Velandia-Morales Andrea , Cabrera Carlos Esteban , Gómez Salazar Sofía , López-López Wilson
Published: February 2025

La desigualdad económica constituye un problema a nivel mundial al que se le puede hacer frente mediante políticas de redistribución de recursos. Sin embargo, el apoyo a estas políticas no es unánime y está condicionado, entre otros factores, por la desigualdad percibida, la clase social y el estatus socioeconómico. Los estudios realizados al respecto se concentran en algunos países, pero es necesario ampliar la mirada y estudiar este fenómeno en otras regiones del mundo, por ejemplo, en Latinoamérica. Por ello, el presente estudio se busca ampliar la perspectiva geográfica e incorporar otra variable que puede tener incidencia en el apoyo a la redistribución; a saber, el rol del clasismo, y si este interactúa con la desigualdad percibida y con el apoyo de políticas redistributivas en el contexto colombiano. Específicamente, se realizó un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, en el que se aplicó una encuesta a 698 personas residentes en Colombia para medir la desigualdad percibida, el estatus socioeconómico, el clasismo y el apoyo a la redistribución. Para el análisis de datos se realizaron correlaciones y regresión lineal, con lo cual se encontró que una mayor percepción de desigualdad en la distribución de los recursos y un menor clasismo se asocian con un incremento en el apoyo a políticas redistributivas, y que el clasismo y el estatus socioeconómico subjetivo actúan como moderadores en la relación entre la percepción de desigualdad en la distribución de recursos y el apoyo a la redistribución. Los resultados sugieren la importancia de considerar el clasismo y el estatus socioeconómico en el diseño de políticas públicas enfocadas en la redistribución.
Flower Representations in the Lyrics of A.A. Fet
Authors: Shashkina Gulzhan , Ibraeva Zhanarka , Tussupova Almagul , Zhapanova Marzhan , Anichshenko Olga
Published: February 2025

Cultural connotation, artistic value, and aesthetic significance contained in the images of plants determine the importance of interpreting the images of flowers within the lyrical works, considering their profound conveyance of internal emotions. In addition to their aesthetic appeal, A.A. Fet’s floral imagery employs the “language of flowers,” conveying human emotions and social conventions. This article employs the lens of “plant studies” to examine flowers not only as symbols but as active participants in A.A. Fet’s narrative. This approach contributes to an epistemological discourse that examines the relationship between nature and human experience. The research aims to analyse the peculiarities and frequency of using floral imagery in the lyrical works of A.A. Fet, considering the plant symbolism of other landscape poets. To achieve the research aims, the following methods were used: descriptive, content analysis, and comparative. The study shows how floral imagery in A.A. Fet’s works conveys emotions and experiences alongside landscape elements. The content analysis allowed us to determine that A.A. Fet is the poet who most often uses images of flowers in his poems. The analysis of 806 lyrical works made it possible to identify 15 floral images in Fet’s poetry. To convey appropriate emotions through flowers, A.A. Fet uses metaphorical elements and anthropomorphic mechanisms that endow plants with a unique language and life cycle. This analysis explores the symbolic roles of roses, lilies, violets, and other floral imagery in A.A. Fet’s works.
Development of heterocyclic-based anticancer agents: A comprehensive review
Authors: Al-Jumaili Mohammed Hadi Ali , Bakr Ekhlas Aziz , Huessien Mohanad A. , Hamed Ahmed Solaiman , Muhaidi Mohammed J.
Published: February 2025

This review article summarizes the role of heterocyclic compounds as anticancer drugs used against various human cancers, including doxorubicin, cisplatin, paclitaxel, and resveratrol, which are among the most effective therapeutic agents. Chemotherapy, a treatment modality, exerts its effects on tumor cell DNA and often involves the use of low-molecular-weight medicines to selectively target and destroy cancer cells. However, systemic chemotherapy is associated with several side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression, and cardiotoxicity. Cancer remains one of the most prevalent and lethal diseases, characterized by uncontrolled cell division and abnormal cell growth driven by multiple genetic mutations. The etiopathogenesis of cancer is complex, but significant advancements have been made in treatment, particularly with the discovery of anticancer drugs, including cytotoxic chemotherapy, hormonal agents, and targeted therapies. Anticancer drugs are widely employed for the treatment of various cancers, such as breast, cervical, uterine, and kidney cancers. These drugs are classified into several categories, including alkylating agents, antimetabolites, antibiotics, and topoisomerase inhibitors. Among these, numerous heterocyclic compounds have shown promising anticancer properties. The goal of this review is to compile information on heterocyclic compounds used as anticancer drugs, highlighting their positive effects and therapeutic targets in cancer treatment and chemoprevention.
Longitudinal outcomes among patients with fibromyalgia, chronic widespread pain, or localized chronic low back pain
Authors: Licciardone John C. , Brownell Elizabeth , Nwaichi Uchechi , Patel Arpan , Do Khanh
Published: February 2025

Objectives

The objective of this study was to compare longitudinal outcomes of patients with FM, CWP, or localized chronic low back pain (LBP) to determine whether FM is an extreme manifestation of the CWP continuum.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted within a national pain research registry from August 2019 to July 2023. A total of 310 participants with FM (and CWP), CWP (without FM), or LBP were followed for 12 months to measure pain intensity, back-related disability, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Multivariable analyses were performed with generalized estimating equations (GEEs), including baseline and longitudinal covariates to adjust for potential confounding.

Results

The mean age of the participants was 52.3 (standard deviation [SD], 13.6) years, and 238 (76.8 %) were female. There were 64 (20.6 %) participants with FM, 56 (18.1 %) with CWP, and 190 (61.3 %) with LBP. There were no differences in pain intensity among the groups. Compared with back-related disability in the LBP group (mean, 12,7; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 11.4–14.1), the FM group (mean, 15.3; 95 % CI, 13.7–17.0; p=0.006) and CWP group (mean, 16.2; 95 % CI, 14.8–17.7; p<0.001) had greater disability. There were no clinically relevant differences in pain and disability between the FM and CWP groups. Compared with the LBP group, the FM group had worse outcomes on five HRQOL scales, and the CWP group had worse outcomes on all seven scales. Clinically relevant HRQOL differences between the FM and CWP groups involved anxiety and depression, with results favoring the FM group.

Conclusions

These findings do not support the view that FM is an extreme manifestation of the CWP continuum, involving greater pain, disability, or HRQOL deficits.
Echo answers
Authors: Fang Hongmei
Published: February 2025

The topic of echo answers is vastly understudied in typology, with descriptive grammars primarily addressing how questions are formed rather than how they are answered. This paper offers a cross-linguistic investigation into the accessibility of echo answering strategies, specifically focusing on affirmative echo answers to affirmative polar questions. Based on questionnaire-elicited data from a convenience sample of 26 languages displaying echo answers, it has been found that, cross-linguistically, repeating the verbal predicate, either fully or partially, from the question, is the dominant echo answering strategy, and that there are two Echo-ability Hierarchies that impose constraints on which elements from the antecedent question can be repeated in an echo answer. After discussing the definition of echo answers, several related issues are also explored in detail, including the distinction between echo and repetitional answers, the polarity-based nature of the echo system, the range of accessible echo answering strategies across the world’s languages, the cross-linguistic gradience of pragmatic markedness in repetitional/echo answers, and potential explanations for the predicate-dominance in echo answering strategies.
Niche partitioning between two marsupials inhabiting the Yungas of Northwestern Agentina: overlapping diets in non-overlapping lifestyles?
Authors: Martin Gabriel M. , Omad Guillermo , Cáceres Nilton C.
Published: February 2025

Marmosa rapposa and Thylamys sponsorius were captured in syntopy in the locality of Isla de Cañas Salta province, Argentina. We studied the stomach contents of 7 M. rapposa and 10 T. sponsorius and identified arthropods and plant material as the main items. Niche overlap was studied using the Pianka index. We found that arthropods were the most abundant items in both species (67 % in M. rapposa, 63.5 % in T. sponsorius), and plant material represented 29.6 % and 35.5 %, respectively. Insects were the main item in both species (45 % in M. rapposa, 58.5 % in T. sponsorius), while spiders were more abundant in the diet of M. rapposa (21.7 % vs. 5 % in T. sponsorius). The dietary overlap between the two species was high (91.1 %); a similar result was found between males and females of M. rapposa (74.2 %) and T. sponsorius (77.4 %). Non-parametric analyses using PERMANOVA and Principal Coordinate Analysis showed the same pattern, with broad overlap in the diets of the species. The coexistence of these two species may be due to temporal segregation (which we could not study) or different habitat use (more prominent palmar and plantar calluses in M. rapposa indicate a more arboreal lifestyle than that of T. sponsorius).
GILROY, P. Driving while black. In: MILLER, Daniel (ed.). Car Cultures. New York/Oxford: Berg, 2001, p. 81-104.
Authors: Gilroy Paul , De Trói Marcelo
Published: February 2025

Traduzido por Marcelo de Trói, doutor em Cultura e Sociedade, coordenador na linha de pesquisa Corpos, Cidades e Territorialidades Dissidentes do Núcleo de Pesquisa e Extensão em Culturas, Gêneros e Sexualidades (NuCuS) do Instituto de Humanidades, Artes e Ciências Professor Milton Santos (IHAC) da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA).
Puppet Theater Transposition of Contemporary Picturebooks
Authors: Verdonik Maja
Published: February 2025

U radu se analiziraju odabrane suvremene lutkarske predstave izvedene prema slikovnicama kao predlošcima s ciljem utvrđivanja karakteristika koje povezuju slikovnicu i lutkarsko kazalište te načina na koje se u lutkarskim predstavama očituju transformirani verbalno-vizualni elementi slikovnica prema kojima su predstave izvedene. Polazi se od zajedničkih karakteristika slikovnice i lutkarske predstave kao što je višemodalnost slikovnice odnosno sinteza više umjetnosti kao sastavnica lutkarske predstave, te od teze Milana Čečuka (2009) prema kojoj je ekspresija slikovnice na različite načine prisutna u lutkarskim predstavama koje autor interpretira kao oživljene trodimenzijske slikovnice. U svim analiziranim lutkarskim predstavama prisutni su tijek radnje i vizualna ekspresija slikovnice na način koji doprinosi razvijanju scenske dinamike te je slikovničko nizanje prizora prisutno u transformiranju verbalnih i vizualnih diskursa slikovnica predložaka u komponente lutkarskih predstava.
A Numismatik History of Barikot
Authors: Shavarebi Ehsan
Published: February 2025

The present volume explores the coins unearthed during the excavations at the ancient city of Barikot (Swāt Valley, northern Pakistan) between 1984 and 2022. The excavations of the Italian Archaeological Mission at Barikot have revealed numerous settlement phases from the prehistoric to the Islamic times. Of particular significance are over 500 coin finds, which are placed in their historical context in this volume to draw a clear picture of the monetary circulation in the Swāt Valley (Uḍḍiyāna) throughout antiquity and the early Islamic period. The chronological framework of the coin finds spans from the third century BCE to the twelfth century CE, i.e., from the Indian Maurya dynasty to the Ghaznavids. The majority of the coin finds are from the Kušān period (first to fourth century CE). Various historical, typological, metrological, and topographical aspects of the coinage and monetary circulation of each period are addressed in separate chapters. The finds from Barikot are also compared with those from other documented sites in Uḍḍiyāna, Gandhāra, and adjacent regions in the Indo-Iranian borderlands. What should be highlighted is the stratigraphic documentation of the find contexts, which, based on the radiocarbon analyses, makes it possible to bring the coins into relation with other types of archaeological artifacts. This subject is discussed in an archaeological contribution by the director of the excavations, Luca M. Olivieri.
Mathematical Modelling In Addiction Cases Online Games Using The SEIRS Model In Middle School Sivaliputta
Authors: Setiawan Novyanto , Prihandono Bayu , Pasaribu Meliana
Published: February 2025

Online game addiction is a mental illness caused by the habit of playing online games for too long. The average duration of time a person is said to fall into the category of addiction to playing online games is if the duration of time spent is 20-25 hours per week. This research uses the SEIR model, Susceptible (S) is the subpopulation who has online games on their gadgets and plays online games for less than one hour/day, Exposed (E) is the subpopulation who plays online games for one to three hours/day, Infected (I) is the subpopulation who plays online games for more than three hours/day and Recovered (R) is the subpopulation who has stopped playing online games and does not have online games on their gadget. Mathematical models need to be searched and formed using the SEIR model. The research data used data obtained from the activities of Sivaliputta Junior High School students in playing online games.. The steps of this research began by determining the problem of online game addiction in the student population at Sivaliputta Junior High School, making assumptions and identifying variables (susceptible, exposed, infrcted, recovery), forming a mathematical model, determining the equilibrium point, determining basic reproduction value  and perform numerical simulations. The solution point will stabilize be asymptotically stable for a certain period of time with a susceptible population of 13 people, an exposed population of 61 people, an infected population of 46 people and a recovered population of 211 people.
Efektifitas Skrining Genetik dalam Pengendalian Thalassemia Beta Mayor di Indonesia Menggunakan Kontrol Backstepping
Authors: Suhika Dewi
Published: February 2025

Thalassemia merupakan kelainan genetik yang berdampak signifikan terhadap penduduk di Indonesia. Strategi kontrol dan manajemen yang efektif sangat penting untuk memitigasi penyebarannya dan meningkatkan hasil pengobatan pada pasien. Penelitian ini menyajikan model matematika thalassemia menggunakan pengembangan SIR, yang disempurnakan dengan menggabungkan metode skrining genetik dan metode kontrol backstepping. Parameter model, termasuk tingkat infeksi, tingkat pemulihan, dan tingkat skrining disesuaikan untuk mencerminkan kondisi realistis. Simulasi dilakukan untuk membandingkan dinamika penyebaran thalassemia dengan dan tanpa penerapan kontrol backstepping. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa skenario kontrol backstepping secara signifikan mengurangi populasi yang terinfeksi lebih cepat dibandingkan skenario yang tidak terkendali. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kontrol backstepping yang dikombinasikan dengan skrining genetik, memberikan strategi yang efektif untuk menangani thalassemia. Pendekatan ini tidak hanya mengurangi infeksi dengan cepat tetapi juga menjaga stabilitas sistem dari waktu ke waktu. Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan integrasi kontrol backstepping ke dalam kebijakan kesehatan masyarakat untuk pengelolaan thalassemia yang lebih efektif di Indonesia.
Integration or commodification? A critical review of individual-centered approaches in psychedelic healing
Authors: Sanabria Emilia , Tófoli Luís Fernando
Published: February 2025

In this article, we provide a genealogy of the concept of integration and a discussion of the multiplicity of practices it encompasses in the field of psychedelic medicine. Reflecting on our observations of psychedelic integration practices, we make three key observations. The first is that integration services tend to focus on the individual, at the expense of considering how societal factors lead to dis-ease. The second observation is that integration is increasingly rendered in formulaic checklists, at the expense of remaining an open-ended praxis, which runs the risk of emptying it of their potential to bring context-dependent change for people. Our third observation is that integration services are increasingly rendered as marketable services. Understanding how we got here and what is at stake requires a genealogical analysis of integration within the field of psychedelics. This critical review of psychedelic integration discusses the divergence between psychedelic practices in traditional or Indigenous contexts and contemporary psychedelic practices in Western industrialized, capitalist societies. We suggest that this divergence has to do with the degree to which psychedelic experiences are contiguous with everyday sociality and the cosmology that dominates in a given social context. Offering a viewpoint grounded in the Global South, our perspective aims to denaturalize some of the assumptions that prevail in research settings where highly individualized approaches and technological solutionism prevail, such as the USA or Western Europe. We highlighted the dangers of integration becoming too formulaic, commodified, and disconnected from the therapeutic or ceremonial contexts in which psychedelic experiences were carefully curated for millennia. Furthermore, we underscored the importance of critically examining the assumptions underlying the infrastructures of digital psychedelia and app-based integration practices.
Artificial Intelligence, the Common Good, and the Democratic Deficit in AI Governance
Authors: Mark Coeckelbergh
Published: February 2025

There is a broad consensus that artificial intelligence should contribute to the common
good, but it is not clear what is meant by that. The concept of the common good has a long
history in political philosophy, going back to at least Plato and Aristotle. It is especially prominent in the so-called republican tradition of thinking about politics. According to this tradition,
the state is not primarily there to safeguard individual liberties– as in modern individualist
liberal thinking– but to promote the common good (and promote a conception of liberty that is
linked to that common good). It is important to emphasize that there is not only a passive but
also an active side in the norm of the common good: citizens experience the common good
as beneficial, but they are also supposed to do their part in bringing forth the common good.
This paper discusses this issue and uses it as a lens for analysing what it calls the “democracy deficit” in current AI governance, which includes a tendency to deny the inherently political
character of the issue and to take a technocratic shortcut. It indicates what we may agree on
and what is and should be up to (further) deliberation when it comes to AI ethics and AI governance. Inspired by the republican tradition in political theory, it also argues for a more active
role of citizens and (end-)users: not only as participants in deliberation but also in ensuring,
creatively and communicatively, that AI contributes to the common good. In a democracy, it is
crucial that we discuss this in an inclusive, participatory, and deliberative way. Such a more
active and republican role for citizens, however, should not only be supported by external
expertise but also presupposes knowledge and skills on the part of citizens and hence requires a better education for all.
Mavlyautdinov I.S. Artificial Intelligence in Religious Discourse: Abrahamic Versions
Authors: Rushan Gallyamov , Ildar Mavlyautdinov
Published: February 2025

The study of the phenomenon of artificial intelligence has become one of the most
pressing scientific problems of mankind at the present stage. The presence of a learning
algorithm in artificial intelligence (hereinafter referred to as AI) distinguishes it from other
technological developments of human civilization. The creation and development of AI can
be considered one of the greatest achievements in the history of mankind. The scale of the
greatness of this discovery is comparable only to the scale of the unpredictability of how
and in what direction it will develop and how it will change mankind. The real implementation of AI achievements in our lives radically transforms various spheres of life: from medicine to education. A special, complex and multifaceted problem is the relationship between
AI and the phenomenon of religion, at least because today (in the future this trend will most
likely intensify) artificial intelligence claims to create its own sacred teaching, aspiring to
the status of a religion. This circumstance cannot but worry the patriarchs of all modern
Abrahamic faiths, who see in it, at least in our country, "a real danger to the existence of
humanity and the threat of the Apocalypse".
The article analyzes, based on the study of the latest information materials, the claims
of some AI apologists to proclaim these latest intellectual technologies "the religion of the
future" and individual aspects of the attitude to this problem on the part of the theorists
(intellectuals) of modern traditional faiths.
Philosophical views on the projected directions of artificial intelligence development in
terms of its impact on technological processes and social life are given.Some proposals
are put forward so that religion, which is an ancient heritage and value of humanity, can
find its place in practice when using new applications of artificial intelligence.
EXAMINING THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SELECTED AFRICAN COUNTRIES
Authors:   Department of Business Management, University of South Africa, South Africa, Moloi Vincent Muziwakhile Mbongeleni
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on the causal relationship between official development assistance (ODA), foreign
direct investment (FDI), and economic growth in selected African countries. Insufficient government
funding cannot support all national projects due to limited financial resources. Therefore, the lack of
government funding in Africa served as a catalyst for this study. In addition, this study employed the
Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality test to examine the causal relationship between ODA, FDI, and
economic growth for the period 1980 to 2018. Using the Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality technique,
this study revealed no causal relationship between FDI and economic growth nor between ODA and
FDI. Furthermore, the study indicates a bidirectional relationship between ODA and economic growth
in Africa. Due to these findings, this paper urges African countries to pay close attention to how ODA
is measured as well as the importance of foreign capital inflows (ODA and FDI) in driving economic
growth. In turn, this study contributes to the extensive empirical studies of the relationships between ODA, FDI, and economic growth in Africa by shedding light on how policymakers can foster more sustainable growth and stability in Africa.
GLOBAL CRYPTOCURRENCY REGULATION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS WITH A FOCUS ON ROMANIA POSITION
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, Budisteanu Tudor-Gabriel
Published: February 2025

This study provides an examination of cryptocurrency regulation across diverse jurisdictions,
including Romania, Japan, Switzerland, Brazil, China, Russia, and the Republic of Moldova, with
a focus on legislative, fiscal, and supervisory frameworks. Utilizing a qualitative and comparative
analysis approach, the research aims to clarify global regulatory strategies, particularly the
balance between fostering innovation and safeguarding investor interests, financial stability, and
anti-money laundering protocols. Key findings highlight a spectrum of approaches: Japan’s
pioneering legislative framework, Switzerland’s progressive policies, Brazil’s evolving regulations,
and the restrictive measures in China and Russia, along with Moldova’s comprehensive ban on
cryptocurrency services. Romania’s regulatory position is contextualized within this global
framework, demonstrating a cautious but flexible stance that underscores the need for a balanced
approach to regulatory policy. The study’s conclusions stress the importance of a robust and
adaptable regulatory system to keep pace with technological advances in cryptocurrency. It
advocates for international collaboration on regulatory standards and emphasizes the critical role
of public education in responsible cryptocurrency use. Recommendations include ongoing
monitoring of the cryptocurrency market and policy refinement to achieve a balanced approach
that ensures innovation while protecting consumers and financial integrity.
Uremic Toxins, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Cognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Andrews Taylor D. , Day Gregory S. , Irani Sarosh R. , Kanekiyo Takahisa , Hickson LaTonya J.
Published: February 2025

Cognitive impairment involves alterations to one’s cognitive status that affects their everyday life. Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and in particular kidney failure, experience higher rates of cognitive impairment compared to the general population. In CKD, 20-70% of individuals have cognitive impairment, but the highest prevalence is described in kidney failure such that dialysis-dependent patients have twice the prevalence of aged-matched controls. In the past 5 years, the number of investigations examining the “kidney-brain axis”, mechanisms of CKD-related cognitive impairment, and potential therapeutics have exponentially increased. This review article summarizes recent literature on direct and indirect effects of CKD-associated cognitive impairment with emphasis on uremic toxins; brain injury mechanisms; overlap between CKD-associated cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases; and promising therapeutics. Reviewed therapeutic interventions include: AST-120 [indoxyl sulfate absorbent], CH-223191 [aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist], TRAM34 [Kca3.1-specific inhibitor], anakinra [IL-1R inhibitor], marimastat, exercise, supplements, and kidney transplantation. Special focus is placed on translational studies examining uremic toxin-associated pathogenic processes including brain oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and blood brain barrier dysfunction through in vitro and in vivo models of CKD-associated brain injury. Finally, future research directions are suggested including targeting of cellular senescence abundance with senotherapeutics and capitalizing on anti-inflammatory effects of regenerative, cell-based therapeutics (e.g. mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular vesicles), and use of aged murine models. Collectively, CKD-associated cognitive impairment represents a prevalent condition for which remaining knowledge gaps exist, and scientific advancements are needed to preserve cognitive function and improve the lives of in individuals with CKD.
Relações entre Burnout Estudantil, Saúde Mental, Hábitos de Estudo e Sono: Um Estudo Transversal
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Rodrigues Matos Fabíola , Maria Malavasi Reziele ,   Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Luiz De Andrade Alexsandro ,   Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Published: February 2025

As demandas de alto desempenho em estudantes que buscam ingressar no ensino superior afetam a saúde física e psicológica quando hábitos adoecedores são mantidos por essa população. Este estudo transversal de abordagem analítica teve como objetivo mensurar o burnout estudantil, indicadores de saúde mental e suas relações com hábitos de estudo e sono. Participaram da pesquisa 401 estudantes, sendo a maioria mulheres (70,7%; n = 282), com média de idade de 18,2 anos (dp = 3,0), provenientes de um estado da região Sudeste do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio dos seguintes questionários estruturados: Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (Student Version), Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse para Adolescentes (EDAE-A), Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos para Adolescentes e Questionário Sociodemográfico para caracterização da amostra. Foram conduzidas análises de rede para investigar a associação entre os hábitos de estudo e os construtos relacionados à saúde mental, enquanto estatísticas descritivas foram realizadas para a carac-terização da amostra. Os resultados indicaram níveis acima da média para afetos negativos, depressão e ansiedade, bem como a associação entre exaustão e maior tempo de estudo. São discutidas as evidências de que a saúde mental pode sofrer prejuízos conforme o tempo dedicado ao estudo e ao sono.