bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instrumentos de medida del trastorno de juego en internet en adolescentes y jóvenes según criterios DSM-5: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Bernaldo-de-Quirós Mónica , Labrador-Méndez Marta , Sánchez-Iglesias Iván , Labrador Francisco J.
Published: July 2019

La inclusión del Trastorno de Juego en Internet (TJI) en el DSM-5 ha generado polémica sobre su diagnóstico, no obstante parece necesario establecer un punto de corte claro para identificar cuando este juego excesivo se convierte en problemático. Esta identificación se hace especialmente difícil en adolescentes y jóvenes, entre los que suele ser frecuente la dedicación a este tipo de juegos. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue analizar los instrumentos que desarrollados para la evaluación del TJI en adolescentes y jóvenes desde su inclusión en el DSM-5. Se identificaron 13 estudios que incluían validaciones de 7 instrumentos de evaluación del TJI en adolescentes y jóvenes. Se describió cada instrumento y sus validaciones en distintos idiomas. En relación con revisiones previas, se observó una menor diversidad de instrumentos de evaluación, una reducción en el número de ítems y una forma de medida más uniforme, manteniéndose una alta consistencia interna y una buena validez de criterio. Sin embargo, siguen presentes los problemas referidos a la selección de muestras, la falta de estudios de sensibilidad y especificidad, y el establecimiento de puntos de corte y perfiles de jugadores. Se recomienda avanzar en el análisis de las cualidades psicométricas de los instrumentos, y su validación en distintos países para considerar las diferencias culturales y poder comparar la presencia de este problema.
Penentuan Kadar Logam B3 Dalam Pupuk Cair Dengan Metode Analisis Aktivasi Neutron (AAN)
Authors: Mulwandari Meike , Supriadi Harry , Fajarwati Febi Indah
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan penentuan kadar logam B3 dalam sampel pupuk cair dengan Metode Analisis Aktivasi Neutron (AAN). Metode ini dilakukan dengan proses penembakan sinar gamma pada selongsong-selongsong yang sudah dipersiapkan. Selongsong yang terdiri dari sampel, standar dan blanko dimasukkan dalam Reaktor Kartini untuk diiradiasi dengan menggunakan sumber neutron (fluks neutron 5,85 . 1010 n cm-2 s-1) pada fasilitasi radiasi Lazy Susan selama 2 x 6 jam dengan daya 100 kW. Setelah itu dilakukan pendinginan sesuai dengan waktu paruh suatu unsur. Kemudian dilakukan pencacahan dengan menggunakan detektor HPGe pada umur menengah dan umur panjang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis secara kualitatif pada umur menengah mengandung unsur-unsur logam B3 seperti Sm, Ce, La, U, Th, Cd, K, As, Br dan Na untuk standar sedangkan unsur-unsur logam B3 yang terkandung didalam sampel 1, sampel 2 dan blanko yaitu Sm, Ce, La, Th, As, Br, K dan Na. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kualitatif pada umur panjang terdapat unsur-unsur logam B3 seperti Cr, Cs, Fe, Zn dan Co pada standar. Pada sampel 1 terdapat unsur-unsur logam Cr, Fe, Zn dan Co. Pada sampel 2 terdapat unsur-unsur logam Fe, Zn dan Co sedangkan pada blanko hanya terdapat unsur logam Cr. Hasil analisis kuantitatif pada umur menengah diperoleh unsur yang paling banyak yaitu unsur K  dengan kadar  sebesar 44121,6370 ± 948,966 dan presisi 2,1508%. Sedangkan unsur yang paling sedikit yaitu unsur Sm diperoleh nilai kadar sebesar 0,0190 ± 0,003 dan presisi 14,3074%. Adapun hasil analisis kuantitatif pada umur panjang diperoleh unsur yang paling banyak yaitu unsur Zn  dengan kadar  sebesar 267,1754 ± 7,384 dan presisi 2,7638%. Sedangkan unsur yang paling sedikit yaitu unsur Cr diperoleh nilai kadar sebesar 0,2250 ± 0,270 dan presisi 0,1215%.
A System for Weeds and Crops Identification – Reaching over 10 FPS on Raspberry Pi with the Usage of MobileNets, DenseNet and Custom Modifications.
Authors: Chechliński Łukasz , Siemiątkowska Barbara , Majewski Michał
Published: July 2019

Automated weeding is an important research area in agrorobotics. Weeds can be removed mechanically or with the precise usage of herbicides. Deep Learning techniques achieved state of the art results in many computer vision tasks, however their deployment on low-cost mobile computers is still challenging.
These paper present an advanced version of the system presented in [1]. The described system contains several novelties, compared both with its previous version and related work. It is a part of a project of the automatic weeding machine, developed by Warsaw University of Technology and MCMS Warka Ltd. The obtained model reaches satisfying accuracy at over 10~FPS on the Raspberry Pi 3B+ computer. It was tested for four different plant species at different growth stadiums and lighting conditions.
The system performing semantic segmentation is based on Convolutional Neural Networks. Its custom architecture mixes U-Net, MobileNets, DenseNet and ResNet concepts. Amount of needed manual ground truth labels was significantly decreased by the usage of knowledge distillation process, learning final model to mimic an ensemble of complex models on the large database of unlabeled data. Further decrease of the inference time was obtained by two custom modifications: in the usage of separable convolutions in DenseNet block and in the number of channels in each layer. In the authors’ opinion, described novelties can be easily transferred to other agrorobotics tasks.
Meningkatkan Kreativitas Anak Melalui Kegiatan Bermain Warna (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas pada Anak Kelompok B di RA Muslimat NU 107 Khodijah Kramat Duduksampeyan)
Authors: Adhani Dwi Nurhayati , Hanifah Nina , Hasanah Imro’atun
Published: July 2019

Children not need social emotional, language, motoric, moral development but alsoneed creativity development. Creativity is  ability to produce something new. This study aims to determine creativity development between playing (with coconut pulp). . This research is done by collecting data from various ways that is observation, interview, documentation. The result of this study can be conclude that in RA Muslimat NU 107 Duduk Sampeyan improvement when using playing with coconut pulp. From the results of this study, it can be appealed to early childhood educators to apply byplaying coconut pulp to improve the creativity of children.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berkomunikasi Anak Melalui Metode Cerita Bergambar pada PAUD Kelompok B
Authors: Syukur Abdul , Tefanai Meo Melianus
Published: July 2019

The aim of this research is to improve the communication skills of children through the method of pictorial stories applied to group B ECD Gemilang in the District of Maulafa, Kota Kupang. This is a type of Classroom Action Research that consists of four stages in each cycle, they are: planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The main focus of this research is to improve children's skills and ability to communicate through this pictorial story method. Nineteen children have been included in this study and the data has been collected through observation and tests. The results show that the average score of pre-cycle is 37.57%, the one of the first cycle is 57.89% and  100% is the average score achieved in the second cycle. Looking at these results, it can be stated that using pictorial stories in a learning process can improve children’s communication skills and ability.
Kemampuan Berbicara Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK X Kamal
Authors: Alfatihaturrohmah Alfatihaturrohmah , Mayangsari Dewi , Karim Muhammad Busyro
Published: July 2019

This research has a purpose to describe of the ability to speak children aged 5-6 years in school.This research uses qualitative approach descriptive method. Data analysis is done through three stages: data reduction, display data, and conclusions: drawing / verifying. Subjects in this study 1 girls aged 5-6 years. The results of this study indicate that 1) the characteristics of the ability to speak children aged 5-6 years in X Kindergarten of Kamal ie children are able to participate in the conversation without monopolizing, but the child has not been able to use words related to the sequence of events, not able to use the word tomorrow and yesterday, the child is only able to say 6 to 7 syllables, the child has not been able to answer the question regularly group activities for 10-15 minutes, the child is only able to use sentences 3 to 4 words. The child also has not been able to answer the question "when", the child is more often silent when others ask because the child has problems speaking. 2) There are obstacles that arise in the ability to speak of children is the phonological process constraints.
Peningkatan Kreatifitas Melalui Funcooking pada Kelompok A RA Az Zahra Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Lestari Dwi Puji
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research is how to increase creativity through fun cooking in group A RA Az Zahra Kebayoran Baru South Jakarta. This study was carried out in 4-5 years old group A children of 16 children. This research is an action research with Kemmis and Taggart model which consists of 4 stages namely (plan, action, observation and reflection). This study consisted of 2 cycles, with each cycle as many as 8 meetings. Data collection techniques are using observation, field notes, and documentation. Data analysis uses quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative data analysis is carried out with statistical descriptions to compare pre cycles to cycles II. The stages of qualitative analysis are data reduction, data display and verification. The results showed that there was an increase in creativity through the method of fun cooking. The results of the study in cycle I, and cycle II, the results of which increased significantly from before the action only 37.5% of the number of children in the class increased to 81% in cycle 2. The average value of the percentage in the pre-action was 33.20%; cycle 1 is 59.76% and cycle 2 is 84.375%. The increase from cycle 1 to cycle 2 reached 24.615%.
 
A single-center retrospective observational cohort study on postoperative pain management: better with single or continuous doses of opiates or acetaminophen?
Authors: Tennichi Takashi , Taniguchi Takumi
Published: July 2019

Background: Proper pain management after cardiac surgery is essential for the prevention of postoperative complications, and several protocols have been proposed in this regard. The continuous administration of an opioid is a common approach now because it allows for more prolonged post-surgical analgesic effects. However, this method has several problems, such as the incidence of protracted delirium, nausea, and vomiting. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of two opioid administration methods on postoperative pain management and other clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery.
Methods: This is a retrospective observational cohort study that enrolled 184 adult patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery. After ICU admission, patients were divided into two groups: 101 patients who received a single administration of fentanyl (25 mg boluses and a 30 min lockout time) and an administration of acetaminophen (l5 mg kg-1 and a 6 hour lockout time) [group S] and 83 patients who underwent continuous administration of fentanyl (25 mg hour-1 with 35 mg boluses and a 30 min lockout time) and an administration of acetaminophen (l5 mg kg-1 and a 6 hour lockout time) [group C]. For all patients, the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) scores were measured soon after extubation (0 hours) and 12, 24, and 36 hours later. Similarly, for all patients, NRS scores were also quickly measured after extubation (0 hours) and 8, 16, and 24 hours later.
Results: ICDSC scores in group S were significantly lower than those in group C 0 and 12 hours after extubation (p < 0.001). However, ICDSC scores 24 and 36 hours post extubation did not differ significantly between the two groups. NRS scores did not differ significantly between the two groups until 24 hours after extubation.
Conclusions: Compared with single administration of fentanyl with acute administration of acetaminophen, continuous administration of postoperative fentanyl with acute administration of acetaminophen may lead to increased risk for postoperative delirium. Therefore, acute administration of fentanyl may be preferable for continuous use in postoperative cardiac surgery patients.
MAGINITUDE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF DEPRESSION AMONG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS ATTENDING TREATMENT FOLLOW UP IN CHRONIC OPD AT HAWASSA UNIVERSITY COMPREHENSIVE SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL, HAWASSA, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Gebre Bereket Beyene , Deribe Bedilu , Abeto Mintesnot
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and factors associated with depression among Hypertensive patients attending treatment follow up in chronic OPD at Hawassa University comprehensive Specialized Hospital (HUCSH) from March to May, 2019.
Result: The magnitudes of depression among Hypertension (HPN) patients were found to be 73 (24.7%). The independent predictors were Sex 2.6(1.16, 5.83), Age 11.2(2.98, 42), educational status, Social support 2.55 (1.09, 5.94), family history of depression 7.12(1.48, 34.26), hypertension 7.57(2.67, 21.44) and medication adherence 11.6(4.23, 31.78). So, continuous health information dissemination at different level regard to factors affecting them should be given. Strengthen a referral linkage with psychiatric unit for psycho behavioral therapy will bring good clinical outcome. Besides, controlling hypertension was crucial to bring good clinical outcome.
Key words: depression, magnitude, associate factor, patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9).
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ALCOHOL USE DISORDER AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS ATTENDING ART CLINIC, MIZAN TEP UNIVERISTY TEACHING HOSPITAL, SOUTH WEST ETHIOPIA
Authors: Gebre Bereket Beyene
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective: To assess the magnitude of alcohol use and factors among HIV/AIDS positive adults visiting ART clinic at Mizan Tep university Teaching Hospital (MTUTH), Southern Ethiopia from October 2017 to December 2017.
Result: A total of 332 participants were enrolled in the study with the prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) of 18.4%. Factors associated with alcohol use disorder were sex AOR=3.48 (95%CI: 1.27, 9.59), cigarette smoking AOR=5.12(95%CI:4.02,8.61), “Khat” chewing AOR=3.23(95%CI: 2.06,6.89),and CD4 count of 0-200 AOR = 19.49 (95% CI:1.74 ,218.4).
Key words:-Magnitude, Alcohol use disorder, factors.
Screening differentially expressed genes of pancreatic cancer between Mongolian and Han people using bioinformatics technology
Authors: Xu Jiasheng , Liao Kaili , FU ZHONGHUA , XIONG ZHENFANG
Published: July 2019

Objective

To screen and analyze differentially expressed genes in pancreatic carcinoma tissues taken from Mongolian and Han patients by Affymetrix Genechip. Methods: Pancreatic ductal cell carcinoma tissues were collected from the Mongolian and Han patients undergoing resection in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University during March 2015 to May 2018 and the total RNA was extracted. Differentially expressed genes were selected from the total RNA qualified by Nanodrop 2000 and Agilent 2100 using Affymetrix and a cartogram was drawn; The gene ontology (GO) analysis and Pathway analysis were used for the collection and analysis of biological information of these differentially expressed genes. Finally, some differentially expressed genes were verified by real-time PCR.

Results

Through the microarray analysis of gene expression, 970 differentially expressed genes were detected by comparing pancreatic cancer tissue samples between Mongolian and Han patients. A total of 257 genes were significantly up-regulated in pancreatic cancer tissue samples in Mongolian patients;while a total of 713 genes were down-regulated. In the Gene Ontology database, 815 differentially expressed genes were identified with clear GO classification, and CPB1 gene had the highest multiple of differential expression (difference multiple: 31.76). The Pathway analysis detected 28 signaling pathways that included these differentially expressed genes, involving a total of 178 genes. Among these pathways, the enrichment of differentially expressed genes in the FAK signaling pathway was the highest and COL11A1 gene had the highest multiple difference (multiple difference: 5.02). The expressions of differentially expressed genes CPB1, COL11A1、ITGA4、BIRC3、PAK4、CPA1、CLPS、PIK3CG and HLA-DPA1 determined by real-time PCR were consistent with the results of gene chip analysis.

Conclusions

The results of microarray analysis of gene expression profiles showed that there are a large number of differentially expressed genes in pancreatic cancer tissue samples compared between Mongolian and Han populations. These genes are closely related to the proliferation, differentiation, invasion and metastasis and multi-drug resistance of pancreatic cancer and are involved in the regulation of multiple important signaling pathways in organisms.
Immunohistochemical expression of Cyclin D1 among Sudanese patients diagnosed with benign and malignant prostatic lesions
Authors: Ahmed Eiman Siddig , Elnour Lubna S. , Hassan Rowa , Siddig Emmanuel Edwar , Chacko Mintu Elsa , Ali Eman Taha , Mohamed Mona A. , Munir Abdalla , Muneer Mohamed S. , Mohamed Nouh Saad , Edris Ali Mahmoud Mohammed
Published: July 2019

Objectives: Prostate cancer (PC) is common cancer worldwide. Several markers have been developed to differentiate between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from PC. A descriptive retrospective hospital-based study aimed at determining the expression of Cyclin D1 in BPH and PC. the study took place at different histopathology laboratories in Khartoum state, Sudan, from December 2016 to January 2019. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks were sectioned and fixed in 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane coated slides incubated into primary antibody for Cyclin D1. The assessment of immunoreactivity of Cyclin D1 of each section was done using the Gleason scoring system.
Results: A total of 153 males’ prostate sections included in this study, of them, 120 (78.4%) were PC, and 33 (21.6%) were BPH. Their age ranged from 45 to 88 years, mean age was 66.19 ± 8.599. 142 (92.8%) did not have a family history of PC, while 11 (7.2%) patients reported having a family history. The Gleason scoring showed a total of 81 (52.9%) patients with high-grade and 39 (25.5%) with low-grade. 118 (97.5%) patients had PC showed positive results for Cyclin D1, while BPH was 3 (2.5%). P value < 0.001. Cyclin D1 staining was associated with high-grade Gleason score and perineural invasion, P value 0.001.
PERBANDINGAN RERATA KADAR HbA1c PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS DENGAN NEUROPATI DAN TANPA NEUROPATI SENSORI MOTOR
Authors: Tanhardjo Jerry , Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim , Sari Lisa Kurnia
Published: July 2019

Latar Belakang: Neuropati diabetika/polineuropati diabetika ditandai munculnya kehilangan fungsi saraf secara progresif. Komplikasi ini terjadi pada 50% pasien dengan DM tipe 1 dan 2. Kadar HbA1c dapat menggambarkan rata-rata kadar glukosa dalam darah selama 2-3 bulan terakhir. Pemeriksaan ini penting pengelolaan pasien DM dalam jangka panjang dan pasien DM dengan perubahan gula darah yang dramatis setiap harinya. Penelitian sebelumnya mengenai HbA1c dan neuropati masih belum jelas.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan rerata kadar HbA1c pada pasien DM dengan neuropati dan tanpa neuropati sensori motor.

Metodologi: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di RS Bethesda, Yogyakarta. Pengambilan sampel dengan metode consecutive sampling, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 64 sampel. Semua sampel dilakukan screening neuropati sensori motor menggunakan Diabetic Neuropathy Examination, Diabetic Neuropathy Symptom, dan Monofilament Test. Sampel terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok : DM Neuropati (DMN) dan DM Tidak Neuropati (DMTN); masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 32 sampel.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian pada 64 sampel menunjukkan bahwa kelompok DMN memiliki rerata kadar HbA1c (% ; mean ± SD) lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok DMTN (9,61 ± 2,60 Vs. 9,05 ± 2,35). Hasil analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara rerata kadar HbA1c terhadap neuropati (p = 0,368). Pada penelitian ini didapatkan durasi DM menunjukkan hubungan bermakna terhadap neuropati (p = 0,006).

Kesimpulan: Rerata kadar HbA1c ditemukan lebih tinggi pada pasien DM dengan neuropati sensori motor dibandingkan pada pasien DM tidak neuropati sensori motor, namun secara statistik tidak signifikan.
Problem Religiusitas dan Coping Spiritual pada Anak Berhadapan Hukum
Authors: Hasanah Hasyim , Fadlilah Ainun
Published: July 2019

This study aims to describe the problem of religiosity and spiritual coping of children in the law (Anak Berhadapan Hukum/ABH) of the boarding school Raden Sahid Mangunnan Lor Demak. The type of research is field research with the psycho-socio-religious approach. The main data were obtained from interviews with children in the face of law and religious counselors. Techniques of data collections use interview and documentation. Methods of data analysis using Miles and Huberman models include data reduction, data pre­sentation, data verification, and conclusion drawing. The result of the research shows that the ABH at boarding school Raden Sahid Mangunan Lor Demak has a problem of religiosity. The religious problem of ABH consists of beliefs, ritual practices, appreciation, low knowledge, and religious experience. The efforts to handle the problem of religiosity of ABH in Islamic boarding school Raden Sahid Mangunan Lor Demak, one of them with the efforts of spiritual coping through habituation and exem­plary. Habit­uation is directed to the ritual of coaching and spiritual practice. Exemplary strived through the role of peers, religious counselors, and tutor Islamic boarding school in im­planting spiritual values for the ABH. Spiritual and exemplary practice proven to reduces the religious problem of ABH especially on aspects of belief, knowl­edge, and appreciation.
How much data is required for a robust and reliable wastewater characterization?
Authors: Yang Cheng , Barrott Wendy , Busch Andrea , Mehrotra Anna , Madden Jane , Daigger Glen T.
Published: July 2019

Water resource recovery facility (WRRF) modeling requires robust and reliable characterization of the wastewater to be treated. Poor characterization can lead to unreliable model predictions, which can have significant economic consequences when models are used to make important facility upgrade/expansion and operational decisions. Current wastewater characterization practice often involves a limited number of relatively short-duration intensive campaigns. On-going work at the Great Lakes Water Authority (GLWA) WRRF, serving 3.1 million residents in Southeast Michigan, provided an opportunity to conduct more detailed wastewater characterization over an annual cycle. The collection system includes a significant combined sewer component, and the WRRF provides primary and secondary treatment (high purity oxygen activated sludge) and phosphorus removal via ferric chloride addition. Detailed wastewater fractionation was conducted weekly over a one-year period. Daily conventional secondary influent and process operational data from that same period were used to evaluate the efficiency of various wastewater characterization strategies on the bioreactor mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) concentration calculated using an International Water Association (IWA) Activated Sludge Model Number 1 (ASM1) with minor modifications. An adaptive strategy consisting of a series of short-duration characterization campaigns, used to assess model fit for its intended purpose and continued until a robust and reliable model result, is recommended. Periods of unusual plant influent and/or operational conditions should be identified, and data from these periods potentially excluded from the analysis. Sufficient data should also be collected to identify periods when poor model structure, rather than wastewater characterization, leads to poor fit of the model to actual data.
Target-based Screening of the Chagas Box: Setting Up Enzymatic Assays to Discover Specific Inhibitors Across Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Salas-Sarduy Emir , Niemirowicz Gabriela T. , José Cazzulo Juan , Alvarez Vanina E.
Published: July 2019

Chagas disease is a neglected tropical illness caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma
cruzi. The disease is endemic in Latin America with about 6 million people infected
and many more being at risk. Only two drugs are available for treatment, Nifurtimox
and Benznidazole, but they have a number of side effects and are not effective in all cases.
This makes urgently necessary the development of new drugs, more efficient, less toxic and
affordable to the poor people, who are most of the infected population. In this review we will
summarize the current strategies used for drug discovery considering drug repositioning, phenotyping
screenings and target-based approaches. In addition, we will describe in detail the
considerations for setting up robust enzymatic assays aimed at identifying and validating
small molecule inhibitors in high throughput screenings.
Targeting Polymeric Nanobiomaterials as a Platform for Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: García-Couce Jomarien , Almirall Amisel , Fuentes Gastón , Kaijzel Eric , Chan Alan , Cruz Luis J.
Published: July 2019

Articular cartilage is a connective tissue structure that is found in anatomical areas that are important for the movement of the human body. Osteoarthritis is the ailment that most often affects the articular cartilage. Due to its poor intrinsic healing capacity, damage to the articular cartilage is highly detrimental and at present the reconstructive options for its repair are limited. Tissue engineering and the science of nanobiomaterials are two lines of research that together can contribute to the restoration of damaged tissue. The science of nanobiomaterials focuses on the development of different nanoscale structures that can be used as carriers of drugs / cells to treat and repair damaged tissues such as articular cartilage. This review article is an overview of the composition of articular cartilage, the causes and treatments of osteoarthritis, with a special emphasis on nanomaterials as carriers of drugs and cells, which reduce inflammation, promote the activation of biochemical factors and ultimately contribute to the total restoration of articular cartilage.
Allergen-like Molecules from Parasites
Authors: Kim Ju Yeong , Yi Myung-Hee , Yong Tai-Soon
Published: July 2019

Parasite infections modulate immunologic responses, and the loss of parasite infections in the last two to three decades might explain the increased prevalence of allergic diseases in developed countries. However, parasites can enhance allergic responses. Parasites contain or release allergen-like molecules that induce the specific immunoglobulin, IgE, and trigger type-2 immune responses. Some parasites and their proteins, such as Anisakis and Echinococcus granulosus allergens, act as typical allergens. A number of IgE-binding proteins of various helminthic parasites are cross-reactive to other environmental allergens, which cause allergic symptoms or hamper accurate diagnosis of allergic diseases. The cross-reactivity is based on the fact that parasite proteins are structurally homologous to common environmental allergens. In addition, IgE-binding proteins of parasites might be useful for developing vaccines to prevent host re-infection. This review discusses the functions of the IgE-biding proteins of parasites.
A Review on Adenocarpus mannii; a Main Species of the Genus Adenocarpus
Authors: Nganou Blaise K. , Selvaraj Jubie , Tane Pierre , Nchiozem Alex , Simo Ingrid , MVNL Chaitanya , Palanisamy Dhanabal
Published: July 2019

:

The fabaceae are rooted in rosaceae pods known as "vegetables" by the early botanists.
They are the third family of angiosperms which includes 642 genus divided into about
18,000 species. The fabaceae family is known as the most important family of the ecosystem
as it is indispensable in medicine, agriculture, industry and livestock. The Adenocarpus genus
has about 50 species that are frequently found in tropical regions of Northern Africa, the
southern part of West Europe and in the central and southern Italy. They are used in traditional
medicine for the treatment of several diseases: such as microbial infections, leprosy,
scabies, acne, malaria and other plants species are used in agriculture as insecticidal properties.
Mainly Adenocarpus mannii species is well represented in the tropical regions of North
Africa. It occurs in Angola, Mozambique, Malawi, Guinea, South Africa, Tanzania, and Burundi.
In Cameroon, it is encountered in South West Region and West Region. Previous phytochemical
studies led to the isolation of several classes of compounds such as flavonoids,
alkaloids and triterpenes. Several studies report the phytochemical studies on genus Adenocarpus
and chemotaxonomic markers of species of this genus. Herein, we outline all the botanical,
pharmacological and phytochemical aspects of Adenocarpus mannii. A brief introduction
about fabaceae and the genus Adenocarpus has also been included.
Ataques del ciempiés gigante Scolopendra sumichrasti Saussure, 1860 (Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae) sobre el murciélago Natalus mexicanus Miller, 1902 (Chiroptera: Natalidae) en Chiapas, México
Authors: Martínez-Coronel Matías , Cupul-Magaña Fabio Germán , Nieto-Toscano Luis Francisco
Published: July 2019

Se reporta el ataque en varias ocasiones de un ciempiés gigante (Scolopendra sumichrasti) sobre un murciélago (Natalus mexicanus) en la cueva de “Los Laguitos”, Chiapas, México. Este hallazgo representa a la cuarta especie de ciempiés gigante que ataca murciélagos. En Chiapas, los ataques del ciempiés ocurrieron cerca de la entrada de la cueva, durante la salida nocturna de los murciélagos, mientras que en los reportes anteriores se menciona que los ataques fueron en sus sitios de percha.
Sakralitas Nasionalisme Papua: Studi Kasus Pergerakan Aliansi Mahasiswa Papua
Authors: Hutubessy Fred Keith , Engel Jacob Daan
Published: July 2019

Kajian ini membahas tentang pergerakan Aliansi Mahasiswa Papua di Yogyakarta dan persebaran wacana nasionalisme Papua. Situasi problematik Papua pasca integrasi dengan Republik Indonesia telah menjadi perhatian penting bagi dunia internasional. Fenomena kekerasan dan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia (HAM)(HAM) sebelum dan sesudah integrasi dengan Indonesia menjadi keprihatinan bersama, khususnya bagi Aliansi Mahasiswa Papua di Yogyakarta. Berbagai aksi yang dilakukan komunitas ini merupakan wujud ekspresi pembebasan sebagai respon atas pelanggaran HAM dan pembungkaman ruang demokrasi terhadap masyarakat Papua selama ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pergerakan Aliansi Mahasiswa Papua dilakukan dengan membangun resistensi terhadap konstruksi nasionalisme Indonesia. Hal itu dilakukan komunitas pergerakan melalui pemetaan musuh dalam melakukan perlawanan. Peran kapitalisme, imperialisme dan militerisme diidentifikasi sebagai musuh yang dengan sengaja dibentuk oleh penguasa (pemerintah Indonesia) untuk mendominasi bangsa Papua. Sakralitas sebagai bangsa Papua dianggap sebagai nasionalisme yang sesungguhnya ketimbang yang dikonstruksikan oleh penguasa di Indonesia.
DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PACLITAXEL LOADED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES AS A COLLOIDAL DRUG CARRIER
Authors: RAUT INDRAYANI D. , MANJAPPA AREHALLI S. , MOHITE SHRINIVAS K. , DOIJAD RAJENDRA C.
Published: July 2019

Objective: This study was aimed to design and characterize Paclitaxel-loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) to achieve site specificity,reduce toxicity and sustained release pattern.

Methods: Paclitaxel-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles were fabricated by microemulsion followed by probe sonication technique using stearic acid as lipid and stabilized of the mixture of surfactants. In this study, 32 full factorial design was employed for optimizing the concentration of lipid as stearic acid and surfactant (soya lecithin) for the nanoparticles. The optimization was done by studying the dependent variable of particle size and % entrapment efficiency.

Results: The results showed that the paclitaxel-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles prepared with the concentration of 33.31 % stearic acid and 500 mg of soya lecithin were optimum characteristic than other formulations. They showed the average particles size 149±4.10 nm and PDI 250±2.04. The zeta potential, % EE and % drug loading capacity was found to be respectively-29.7, 93.38±1.90 and 0.81±0.01. The optimized batch of Paclitaxel SLNs exhibited spherical shape with smooth surface analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy. In vitro study showed sustained release profile and was found to follow Higuchi Kinetics Equation.

Conclusion: The SLNs of paclitaxel m et al. l the requirements of a colloidal drug delivery system. They had a particle size in nanosize; their size distribution was narrow and all the particles were in a spherical shape.
OPTIMIZATION OF AQUEOUS-BASED FILM COATING PROCESS PARAMETERS CONTAINING GLUCOSAMINE SULFATE POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
Authors: OZA NISHANT , KHODAKIYA AKRUTI , SAGAR SWATI
Published: July 2019

Objective: The aim of the present work was to prepare film coated tablet of glucosamine sulfate potassium chloride and study the effect of coating process parameters which implicate more significant effects on an aqueous-based film coating process of tablets.

Methods: The different batches of uncoated tablets were prepared by wet granulation method. Aqueous film coating was carried out by using opadry®II white 85F18422. A 32 full factorial design was employed to study the effect of spray rate (X1) and inlet air temperature (X2) on coating uniformity, coating process efficiency and % loss on drying. The surface characteristics of the aqueous based film coated tablet were studied using a SEM. Check point batch was prepared to validate the evolved model.

Results: Preliminary trials indicated that individually process parameters affected the quality of coated tablets. Hence, studied the combined effect of these factors on the coating process required and 32 full factorial design was applied. In this study, it was seen that spray rate and inlet air temperature had a major effect on tablet coating process. It was observed from factorial batch that maximum drug release was found in batch F5.

Conclusion: The results of full factorial design indicate both parameters spray rate (X1) and inlet air temperature (X2) have significant effect on coating process and batch F5 is stable for 3 mo at accelerated condition.
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HPMC AND HPMCAS BASED SOLID DISPERSIONS OF FENOFIBRATE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Rampal Ankit , Singh Manmeet , Mahajan Shanta , Bedi Neena
Published: July 2019

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of novel polymeric carriers and to develop solid dispersion formulation that could improve in vitro profile of Fenofibrate (FB).

Methods: Spray drying technique was used to fabricate solid dispersions with hydrophilic carriers, mainly hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS). Solid dispersions in the form of spray-dried powder were characterized with respect to the pure drug and the corresponding physical mixtures by optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Size and morphology of optimized solid dispersion were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, in vitro dissolution comparisons were carried out between the optimized solid dispersion against the pure drug and the physical mixtures.

Results: Solubility studies demonstrated that the solubility of FB was not affected by pH change. The transformation of crystalline FB into an amorphous solid dispersion powder has been clearly demonstrated by optical microscopy. The molecular dispersion of drug in the dispersion matrix prepared by spray drying was confirmed in XRD and DSC studies. IR spectroscopy was observed with negligible incompatibility of the drug with polymers. Spherical morphology was observed in SEM with no evidence of FB crystals. The prepared solid dispersions exhibited dissolution improvement as compared to the pure drug and spray dried FB in 0.05 M SLS, with HPMCAS as the superior carrier over HPMC.

Conclusion: The present study vouches better in vitro profile of FB from spray-dried HPMCAS based solid dispersions.
OPTIMIZING FORMULATION OF MINI TABLETS FLOATING RANITIDINE HCL USING FULLY PREGELATINIZED STARCH (MANIHOT ESCULENTA CRANTZ) WITH SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN
Authors: Dewantara Putra I Gusti Ngurah Agung , MURWANTI RETNO , ROHMAN ABDUL , SULAIMAN T.N SAIFULLAH
Published: July 2019

Objective: The main objective of this study was to optimize the noneffervescent floating mini tablets (NEFT) formula of ranitidine hydrochloride (ranitidine HCl) using the simplex lattice design (SLD) with parameters, granule flow rate, hardness, friability, floating lag time and ranitidine HCl dissolution test (%).

Methods: The material was prepared using the SLD model was cassava starch fully pregelatinized (CSFP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M (HPMC K4M), and magnesium stearate. The formula obtained was tested for critical parameters, namely flow rate, hardness, friability, floating lag time and ranitidine HCl dissolution test (%). The dissolution test was carried out by using the USP type II method (paddle method). The beaker is immersed in the water bath of temperature 37 °C. It is filled with 900 ml of 0.1 N HCl, and the apparatus was set at 75 rpm. The samples were taken in the interval of 10 min and estimated content by a spectrophotometer at 312 nm.

Results: The optimum formula based on superimposed graphs of various contour plots with SLD. From the experimental data for all test parameters, the experimental results are approaching with the results of the prediction. The condition for optimum functional components in NEFT was 80 mg for CSFP, HPMC K4M 30 mg, and 10 mg magnesium stearate to obtain a yield of 7.85 kg hardness, 0.34 % friability, 15.27 floating lag time and 91.31 % ranitidine HCl dissolved.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that the optimum formula using the Design-Expert® program the SLD concept is obtained in the range of 70-80 mg CSFP, 30-40 mg HPMC K4M, 0-10 mg magnesium stearate.
CHARGE-TRANSFER COMPLEXES OF CHLORPHENOXAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE WITH CHLORANILIC ACID, 2,3-DICHLORO-5,6-DICYANO-1,4-BENZOQUINONE AND 7,7,8,8-TETRACYANOQUINODIMETHANE AS π-ACCEPTORS
Authors: EL-DIDAMONY AKRAM M. , SAAD MOUNIR Z. , RAMADAN GEHAD M.
Published: July 2019

Objective: To develop simplified, accurate and precise visible spectrophotometric strategies for the assay of chlorphenoxamine hydrochloride (CPX) in pure drug and in its pharmaceutical preparations.

Methods: The described methods depended on the formation of charge-transfer (CT) complexes of intense color between CPX as donor with three π-acceptors, chloranilic acid (CLA), 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ), and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and the colored reaction products were estimated spectrophotometrically at 520 nm, 460 nm and 840 nm for CLA, DDQ, and TCNQ complexes, individually. All the optimum conditions were established. The proposed methods were validated in term of linearity, limit of detection as per the international conference on harmonization guidelines ICH Q2 (R1).

Results: The complexes obeyed Beer’s law in the concentration range of 16-144, 6-54 and 4-76 μg/mlwith molar absorptivity at 0.30×104, 0.68×104 and 0.58×104 l/mol/cm for CLA, DDQ, and TCNQ, individually. According to Benesi-Hildebrand plots, the association constants and changes of standard free energy were determined. 1:1 was the ratio of composition of the formed CT-complex.

Conclusion: The obtained results revealed that the developed method can be applied successfully for the determination of CPX in drug formulations samples with good accuracy and precision.
INFLUENCE OF DOSE AND USP DISSOLUTION APPARATUS IN THE RELEASE PERFORMANCE OF REFERENCE TABLETS: PROPRANOLOL-HCl AND RANITIDINE-HCl CASES
Authors: MEDINA-LOPEZ JOSE RAUL , CEDILLO-DIAZ LUIS ANTONIO , HURTADO MARCELA
Published: July 2019

Objective: Due to quality of generic formulations depends on available information of reference drug products the aim of this work was to perform an in vitro dissolution study of two doses of propranolol-HCl and ranitidine-HCl reference tablets using USP basket or paddle apparatus and flow-through cell method.

Methods: Two doses of propranolol-HCl (10-mg and 80-mg) and ranitidine-HCl (150-mg and 300-mg) of Mexican reference products were used. Dissolution profiles of propranolol-HCl were obtained with USP basket apparatus at 100 rpm and 1000 ml of 1% hydrochloric acid. Profiles of ranitidine-HCl were determined with USP paddle apparatus at 50 rpm and 900 ml of distilled water. All formulations were also studied with the flow-through cell method using laminar flow at 16 ml/min. Dissolution profiles were compared by model-independent (f2 similarity factor, mean dissolution time and dissolution efficiency) and model-dependent methods (dissolution data adjusted to some mathematical equations). Time data, derived from these adjustments, as t50%, t63.25%, and t85% were used to compare dissolution profiles.

Results: With all approaches used and being high solubility drugs significant differences were found between low and high doses and between USP dissolution apparatuses (*P<0.05).

Conclusion: In vitro dissolution performance of two doses of propranolol-HCl and ranitidine-HCl was not expected. Considering the same USP dissolution apparatus, the reference tablets did not allow the simultaneous release of the used doses. The results could be of interest for pharmaceutical laboratories or health authorities that classify some drug products as a reference to be used in dissolution and bioequivalence studies.
SIFAT FISIKA ASPAL MODIFIKASI KARET ALAM PADA BERBAGAI JENIS DAN DOSIS LATEKS KARET ALAM
Authors: Prastanto Henry , Firdaus Yusep , Puspitasari Santi , Ramadhan Arief , Falaah Asron Ferdian
Published: July 2019

Biopolimer lateks karet alam berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan aditif dalam pembuatan aspal modifikasi polimer atau aspal karet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh berbagai jenis dan dosis lateks karet alam terhadap sifat fisika aspal karet. Lateks karet alam yang digunakan meliputi lateks karet alam pekat murni, lateks karet alam kationik, dan lateks karet alam yang telah dipravulkanisasi selama 1 dan 4 jam. Aspal sebagai bahan utama dipilih jenis aspal pen 60. Penilaian mutu aspal karet didasarkan pada hasil pengujian penetrasi, titik lembek, daktilitas, indeks penetrasi, uji TFOT, dan elastic recovery. Pencampuran lateks karet alam dalam aspal pen 60 dilakukan pada suhu 140 – 150oC. Dosis penambahan lateks karet alam divariasikan sebesar 3, 5 dan 7% terhadap berat aspal pen 60. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa lateks kationik (L2) dan lateks pravulkanisasi 4 jam (L3) menghasilkan aspal karet yang lebih baik daripada aspal karet dengan aditif lateks pekat biasa (L1) dan lateks pekat pravulkanisasi 1 jam (L4). Lateks L2 menghasilkan aspal karet dengan titik lembek yang lebih tinggi daripada lateks L3 namun memiliki elastic recovery dan stabilitas penyimpanan yang lebih rendah daripada lateks L3 karena lateks L2 tidak melalui proses pravulkanisasi. Adanya ikatan silang pada lateks pravulkanisasi L3 membuat karet pada campuran aspal karet memiliki elastisitas yang lebih tinggi dan stabilitas penyimpanan yang lebih baik.
PENGARUH OKULASI BERTINGKAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KARET (Hevea brasiliensis Muell Arg.) ASAL STEK
Authors: Admojo Lestari , Prasetyo Nur Eko
Published: July 2019

Permasalahan ketersediaan batang bawah dapat diatasi melalui stek batang bawah yang telah diokulasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat respon pertumbuhan tunas dan perakaran hasil okulasi kedua dan ketiga dibandingkan dengan okulasi pertama pada batang bawah yang sama. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengokulasi batang bawah usia 7 bulan sebanyak tiga tingkat, yaitu okulasi pertama, okulasi kedua dan okulasi ketiga dengan jarak antar okulasi sekitar 20 cm. Setelah okulasi berhasil, tanaman dipotong dan distek dalam root trainer. Pengamatan meliputi diameter dan warna kulit batang, tingkat keberhasilan okulasi, waktu pecah tunas, tingkat kematian stek, pertumbuhan akar dan tunas setelah distek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat keberhasilan okulasi masing-masing sebesar 80% untuk okulasi pertama, 84% untuk okulasi kedua dan 71% untuk okulasi ketiga. Waktu optimal pecah tunas pada 11-19 HSS. Rata-rata tinggi tunas okulasi umur 49 HSS untuk okulasi kedua dan ketiga masing-masing sebesar 7,55 cm dan 7,66 cm dan persentase berakar masing-masing sebesar 69% dan 52%, dengan rata-rata panjang akar 4,80 cm dan 3,23 cm, keduanya nyata lebih rendah dari kontrol sebesar 18,05 cm untuk tinggi tunas dan 14,7 cm untuk panjang akar.
Fundamental limits on low-temperature quantum thermometry with finite resolution
Authors: Potts Patrick P. , Brask Jonatan Bohr , Brunner Nicolas
Published: July 2019

While the ability to measure low temperatures accurately in quantum systems is important in a wide range of experiments, the possibilities and the fundamental limits of quantum thermometry are not yet fully understood theoretically. Here we develop a general approach to low-temperature quantum thermometry, taking into account restrictions arising not only from the sample but also from the measurement process. {We derive a fundamental bound on the minimal uncertainty for any temperature measurement that has a finite resolution. A similar bound can be obtained from the third law of thermodynamics. Moreover, we identify a mechanism enabling sub-exponential scaling, even in the regime of finite resolution. We illustrate this effect in the case of thermometry on a fermionic tight-binding chain with access to only two lattice sites, where we find a quadratic divergence of the uncertainty}. We also give illustrative examples of ideal quantum gases and a square-lattice Ising model, highlighting the role of phase transitions.
DEVELOPING LEARNING MEDIA WITH ADOBE FLASH IN THE SUBJECT OF COMMUNICATION IN NETWORK FOR X GRADE OF VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Herlandy Pratama Benny , Ratna Diah Eka , Ismanto Edi
Published: July 2019

Learning with computer media that has not been multi-direction and lack of activeness of students makes learning less effective. Therefore, this study aims to develop learning media using Adobe Flash CS6, design and implement the development of instructional media on the subject of Communication in the Network, and test the feasibility of learning media. This research is a development research (R&D) with ADDIE model. The results of alpha testing, the assessment of material experts is in the very good category with an average score of 4.28. The assessment of media experts is in a very good category with an average score of 4.86. The results of the beta testing trial, the trial with the teacher, show a very good category with an average score of 5. Trials with students got a very good category with an average score of 4.25