bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las dietas en las emisiones de metano durante el proceso de rumia en sistemas de producción bovina
Authors: Santacoloma Varón Luz Elena
Published: March 2017

La población de rumiantes en el mundo es creciente, ya que sus productos constituyen una fuente de proteína de alto valor nutricional para la población humana; sin embargo, este incremento, contribuirá en gran proporción al calentamiento global y al deterioro de la capa de ozono, ya que entre los subproductos de la fermentación ruminal se encuentran el gas carbónico y el metano. Este último es producido por bacterias anaeróbias presentes en el rumen que utilizan diferentes tipos de sustratos, principalmente H2 y CO2. La acción de las bactérias metanogénicas depende en gran medida del tipo de sustratos presente en la dieta, y de las características químicas y físicas de la misma. Por tanto, es posible disminuir los efectos que sobre el ambiente realizan los sistemas productivos de rumiantes ofreciendo a los animales alternativas nutricionales que además de reducir las emisiones de metano a la atmósfera disminuyan las pérdidas energéticas que por este concepto se presentan en los rumiantes. Esta revisión enfatiza la utilización de forrajes del trópico que por su contenido de metabolitos secundarios puedan afectar la población de protozoarios y en combinación con forrajes de alto valor nutricional es posible obtener muy buenos resultados productivos y reducir la emisión de metano a la atmósfera.
Educomunicación y medio ambiente: en la búsqueda y construcción de fisuras
Authors: Badillo Mendoza Miguel Ezequiel
Published: March 2017

El artículo de investigación trata la relación comunicación, educación y medio ambiente, con el propósito de ubicar la educomunicación como un escenario de ruptura, frente a los esquemas políticos, sociales y culturales que han determinado e incidido en la determinación de estos tres campos de conocimiento como alternativas para superar la crisis ambiental. Inicialmente se sitúa el tema del desarrollo como un metarrelato en el marco del posmodernismo y su incidencia en la construcción de una visión endógena en la cual las posibilidades de progreso no son procesos externos, sino producto de las incapacidades de los países subdesarrollados. Luego se aborda la educación ambiental y la comunicación para señalar sus ámbitos de intersección con la problemática, para así, identificar las posibilidades de fisuras que la educomunicación puede generar. Finalmente, se aborda un escenario de tensión que implica análisis y proyecciones de estudio como es la relación del medio ambiente con las TIC y una mirada desde las implicaciones de la cibercultura. Se concluye que la educomunicación brinda una gran cantidad de posibilidades para dinamizar en diversas y constructivas formas, la comunicación, la educación y el medio ambiente.
Diseño óptimo de sistemas de riego a presión Aplicación en casos (Ecuador)
Authors: Lapo Pauta Carmen Mireya , Pérez García Rafael
Published: March 2017

En el presente artículo, se presenta la investigación realizada con el fin de encontrar la mejor solución económica en el diseño de redes de riego a presión, y que a la vez se cumpla de forma eficiente la prestación de servicio. Se propone una metodología sistemática que combina dos técnicas de optimización a través de un “método híbrido”, en el que se fusionan la programación lineal, la programación no lineal y los algoritmos genéticos. La formulación global del problema de dimensionado óptimo consistirá en minimizar una función objetivo, constituida por los costes asociados a las tuberías que configuran la red. Esta metodología se implementó en tres redes de riego, una ficticia y dos redes de riego (Tuncarta y Cariyacu) ubicadas en las ciudades de Loja y Chimborazo en donde se obtuvieron las soluciones de diseño óptimas. Finalmente se simularon diferentes escenarios en los dos modelos, para obtener una panorámica sobre el funcionamiento de las variables hidráulicas
KEBENARAN TUHAN DI DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Anam Dimisqi Chaerul
Published: March 2017

This writing is try to explain and proven the truth of Kalam Muhammad in Quran especially al mukminun : 12-14 verses. Two important things in this explanation are first , theory of science is not wrong and some part of them have relevancy with quran. Modern science find the synchronizationof qur’an in the step of creat human embryo whereas quran was arrival in 7 century. Secondly the truth of quran as wahyu which the contain and meaning had been impossible could be done by people in the seven century so there is no suspicion with quran.
REVOLUSI MENTAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN: STUDI PENAFSIRAN M. QURAISH SHIHAB
Authors: Saifuddin Saifuddin
Published: March 2017

This paper is study about mental revolution which is being meant as basic change of mindset from the people and government in the context of nation and state. It is very interesting to be studied from multi perspectives. So far, this idea of mental revolution has been studied by several perspective: politic, economy, social, culture, education and in perspective of religion so rarely. This paper tried to giving Islamic perspective specially quranic perspective. QuraishShihab perspective as scholar of Quran studies will be more concern od mental revolution .This Indonesia Islamic scholar have serious concern of social change theme in the society in the qur’an include changing of mental and mindset.
Suicide and self-inflicted injury hospitalizations in Canada (1979 to 2014/15)
Authors: Skinner R. , McFaull S. , Draca J. , Frechette M. , Kaur J. , Pearson C. , Thompson W.
Published: March 2017

Introduction

The purpose of this paper is to describe the trends and patterns of self-inflicted
injuries, available from Canadian administrative data between 1979 and 2014/15, in order to
inform and improve suicide prevention efforts.

Methods

Suicide mortality and hospital separation data were retrieved from the Public
Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) holdings of Statistics Canada’s Canadian Vital Statistics:
Death Database (CVS:D) (1979 to 2012); Canadian Socio-Economic Information Management
System (CANSIM 2011, 2012); the Hospital Morbidity Database (HMDB) (1994/95 to
2010/11); and the Discharge Abstract Database (2011/12 to 2014/15). Mortality and hospitalization
counts and rates were reported by sex, 5-year age groups and method.

Results

The Canadian suicide rate (males and females combined, all ages, age-sex standardized
rate) has decreased from 14.4/100 000 (n = 3355) in 1979 to 10.4/100 000 (n = 3926)
in 2012, with an annual percent change (APC) of –1.2% (95% CI: –1.3 to –1.0). However,
this trend was not observed in both sexes: female suicide rates stabilized around 1990, while
male rates continued declining over time—yet males still accounted for 75.7% of all suicides
in 2012. Suffocation (hanging and strangulation) was the primary method of suicide (46.9%)
among Canadians of all ages in 2012, followed by poisoning at 23.3%.
In the 2014/15 fiscal year, there were 13 438 hospitalizations in Canada (excluding Quebec)
associated with self-inflicted injuries—over 3 times the number of suicides. Over time
females have displayed consistently higher rates of hospitalization for self-inflicted injury
than males, with 63% of the total. Poisoning was reported as the most frequent means of
self-inflicted harm in the fiscal year 2014/15, at 86% of all hospitalizations.

Conclusion

Suicides and self-inflicted injuries continue to be a serious—but preventable—
public health problem that requires ongoing surveillance.
EDITORIAL: Trust and transparency
Authors: Lidberg Johan , Robie David
Published: March 2017

Since the call for papers to the theme for this issue of the Pacific Journalism Review, more tumultuous events in journalism have unfolded dominated by the agonising restructure of the newspaper arms of media companies across the region. Hundreds of editorial jobs are on the line. The increasingly desperate search for the ‘new business model’ has been stepped up. But is the new model the only answer to the current plight of journalism? Are media proprietors paying enough attention to the fact that the business model is built on the public trusting the journalistic practices that sit at the heart of the media brands? Perhaps all stakeholders should pay closer attention to Conboy’s thoughts?
REVIEW: Manipulation that we now take for granted
Authors: Cass Philip
Published: March 2017

It cannot have been a coincidence that the bombs and missiles that rained down on Baghdad at the beginning of the American invasion of Iraq on 20 March 2003 fell just where the world’s television cameras could capture the resulting explosions. President Bush had promised shock and awe and there it was, carefully designed to look as spectacular as possible for the journalists beaming pictures and descriptions from the Palestine Hotel. It was a deliberate piece of media manipulation intended to remind the Arab states, Pakistan and Afghanistan, of American military might.
Performance Analysis of Throughput Efficient Switch-over between FSO and mmW Links
Authors: Nadeem F.
Published: March 2017

Free Space Optics (FSO) links provide usage of high bandwidth and the flexibility of wireless communication links. However, weather patterns like fog and heavy snow fall limit the availability of FSO. Another technology providing similar properties regarding offered data rates and flexibility of setup is Millimeter Wave Technology (mmW), operating at several tens of GHz. In this case, heavy rain limits mmW link availability. A combination of both technologies had been proved to be very effective to achieve very high availability. Different hybrid architectures of these two links and switch-over techniques had been proposed in the recent years. All of these techniques require redundant transmission on either both transmission links or waste bandwidth of backup link when main FSO link is operational. In this paper, a switch-over between these technologies is proposed, to maintain high availability without the loss of transmission bandwidth. The performance of this switch-over has been simulated for more than one year measured availability data for hybrid network of mmW link and FSO link. The switch over behavior has also been simulated for fog, rain and snow events. It has been shown that the availability with switch-over reaches the redundant link availability but switchover can save more than 90% redundant transmission and increase the hybrid network throughput significantly.
Influencia de las variables de hábitat sobre la presencia de la tortuga pímpano (Chelydra acutirostris, Peters 1862) (Chelydridae) en las quebradas Cajones y los Coclí, Quindío, Colombia
Authors: Young-Valencia Katherine , Ortega-Guio Andrés , Botero-Botero Álvaro
Published: March 2017

Fue analizada la influencia de las variables del hábitat sobre la presencia de la tortuga pímpano (Chelydra acutirostris) en las quebradas Cajones (municipio de Montenegro) y Los Coclí (municipio de Quimbaya), en el departamento del Quindío. La fase de campo se llevó a cabo desde abril hasta septiembre de 2012, se realizaron 36 salidas al campo. La quebrada Los Coclí tiene una longitud aproximada de 2.000 m y en estos se establecieron dos transectos. A su vez en la quebrada Cajones, con una longitud aproximada de 3.000 m, se establecieron cuatro transectos de 400 m de largo y un ancho promedio del cauce de agua de 10 m; los transectos fueron separados por una distancia de 200 m. En cada sitio donde era capturada o avistada una tortuga, fueron evaluadas las variables de hábitat. Para determinar la influencia de las variables del hábitat sobre la abundancia de tortugas, se realizaron análisis estadísticos multivariados. Se encontró que la presencia de las tortugas en un sitio determinado, estuvo altamente relacionada con el pH y la profundidad del lodo, el pH (r2=14,4793, p-valor=0,0417) y profundidad del lodo (r2=12,1535, p-valor=0,0163).
Catalina de Lancaster, la Orden de Predicadores y la reginalidad: las políticas conventuales
Authors: Graña Cid María Del Mar
Published: March 2017

La fundación de conventos y monasterios y las políticas desarrolladas en torno a estos espacios de espiritualidad constituyen una interesante herramienta de conocimiento del oficio regio femenino en su concepción y praxis. Analizamos en esta clave las actuaciones de Catalina de Lancaster, con interesantes diferencias entre sus etapas como reina consorte y regente. Ello permite mostrar su concepto como “mujer política” arraigada en la noción de un principio político femenino, así como los frentes de acción que desarrolló en este ámbito y que no fueron únicamente simbólicos o propagandísticos.
Religion and the Spiritual Crisis of Modern Human Being in the Perspective of Huston Smith`S Perennial Philosophy
Authors: Saputra Riki -
Published: March 2017

This work is based on the assumption that modern human has undergone a multidimensional crisis. This crisis needs a timely response and an urgent solution, for if we neglect it, it will become worse and can destabilize the life of mankind globally. I refer to the work of Huston Smith on perennial philosophy to find its essence as an attempt to find solution for overcoming the modern men`s crisis. This is a library research using the philosophical hermeneutics method. The paper shows that, firstly, perennial philosophy has a characteristic of metaphysics, which try to find a fundamental basis for both immanent and transcendent of all things, psychology which depicts the common sameness in human and ethics as a goal in human life. Secondly, what is meant by human spiritual crisis is a condition where human neglected even destroyed the godhead character within themselves. Thirdly, the answer made by Huston smith`s Perennial Philosophy concerning human spiritual crisis include that the spiritual crisis of modern human being are seen from the tunnel metaphore, in which the basement is scientism, the left wall is education, media as the roof, and the right wall the law. The spiritual crisis of modern human being as a failure of post-modernism has a similiraty with modernism way of seeing this world as the only true reality, although there is different in approach between the two. Religious mysticism that was offered by Huston smith has a perenialistic tone. The pluralistic attitude found among humankind has to be rooted in an esoteric level within each religion. Smith`s perennial philosophy is very relevant to the condition of Indonesia, which therefore has sackeled by a rigid theological dogmatism. Religion should be an endeavor for human being to find a more exalted living.
Arkeologi Kawasan Hatusua di Seram Bagian Barat Maluku: Hasil Penelitian Terkini dan Arah Pengembangannya
Authors: Ririmasse Marlon NR
Published: March 2017

Hatusua in West Seram is one of the well known site in the archaeological study of Maluku. The first academic record of this site has been existed since the late 1980s. Archaeological studies with sufficient depth has been conducted since the first half of 1990s by the collaboration team of Indonesia and United States. In 2006 and 2009 Balai Arkeologi Ambon conducted research in this area. Despite the high records of archaeological studies, in reality a relatively complete picture and a comprehensive understanding of the site apparently cannot be obtained yet. Since 2012-2015 Balai Arkeologi Ambon started a more structured research which included the mapping of potenial and excavation to identify the character of Hatusua Site. Which is included the chronological test that dated on ± 1,100  BP. This article is the review of the research result in Hatusua Complex in the last three years.  Reconissance survey and excavation were adopted as the approach in this research.  The study found that Hatusua is a complex of sites with the coastal-inland landscape, open site and cave habitation site, with notes on continuing tradition until recently. Hatusua di Seram Bagian Barat merupakan salah satu situs yang sudah cukup dikenal dalam rekam studi arkeologi di Maluku. Catatan akademis pertama mengenai situs ini muncul di penghujung era 1980-an. Studi arkeologi dengan cukup mendalam mulai dilakukan pada paruh pertama tahun 1990-an oleh kolaborasi tim penelitian Indonesia-Amerika Serikat. Tahun 2006 dan 2009 Balai Arkeologi Ambon kembali melakukan beberapa kajian di situs ini. Meski rekam studi arkeologi yang telah dilakukan cukup tinggi, dalam kenyataannya gambar yang relatif utuh dan pemahaman yang komprehensif  atas situs ini agaknya belum bisa diperoleh. Sejak tahun 2012 hingga 2015 Balai Arkeologi Ambon mulai melakukan studi yang lebih terarah meliputi pemetaan potensi secara lengkap serta rangkaian ekskavasi untuk menemukenali karakter kepurbakalaan yang lebih utuh dari Situs Hatusua.Termasuk uji konologi yang memberikan usia peradaban hingga ± 1,100 TYL. Artikel ini merupakan ulasan atas hasil studi yang dilakukan di Situs Hatusua selama tiga tahun terakhir. Sebagai upaya untuk merekam profil situs secara utuh maka pendekatan yang digunakan dalam rangkaian penelitian meliputi survei permukaan, ekskavasi arkeologi, studi geologi,  dan kajian etnografi. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa Hatusua merupakan kompleks situs dalam karakter bentang alam pesisir-pedalaman; situs hunian gua-situs terbuka, dengan ciri tradisi yang berlanjut hingga saat ini.
Pulau Buru Masa Perang Dunia II: Perspektif Arkeo-Historis
Authors: Mansyur Syahruddin
Published: March 2017

AbstrakDalam konteks kawasan, keberadaan tinggalan arkeologi berupa sarana pertahanan masa Perang Dunia II di Pulau Buru tidak lepas dari konteks geografis, dimana Kepulauan Maluku – termasuk Pulau Buru merupakan bagian dari kawasan Pasifik. Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam tulisan ini adalah mengungkap berbagai bentuk sarana pertahanan dan lokasi keberadaannmya, serta informasi historis yang terkait dengan Perang Dunia II di Pulau Buru. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dan analogi sejarah, penelitian ini berhasil mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk sarana pertahanan yang masih dapat diamati berupa; fasilitas landasan pacu, pillbox dan lokasi pendaratan pasukan Australia. Hasil pembahasan juga berhasil mengungkap peran wilayah Pulau Buru yang merupakan wilayah strategis baik bagi militer Jepang maupun pasukan sekutu dalam Perang Dunia II. Peran wilayah yang strategis ini tidak lepas dari posisi geografis Pulau Buru yang dapat menghubungkan Philipina yang ada di bagian utara, Ambon yang ada di sebelah timur, serta Pulau Timor yang ada di bagian selatan. AbstractIn the context of the region, the presence of archaeological remains in the form of means of defense during World War II on the island of Buru can not be separated from the geographical context, where the Maluku Islands - including the Buru is part of the Pacific region. The problems studied in this paper is to reveal some form of defense and locations, as well as historical information related to World War II on the island of Buru. By using descriptive analysis and historical analogies, this study managed to identify forms of the means of defense which can still be observed in the form; facilities runway, pillbox and Australian troops landing site. Discussion of the results also uncovered the role of the island of Buru is a strategic region for the Japanese military and allied forces in World War II. The role of a strategic area is not separated from the geographical position of Buru Island that connects the Philippines in the north, Ambon in the east, and the island of Timor in the south.
Peran Wilayah Negeri Larike pada Masa Kolonial
Authors: Mansyur Syahruddin
Published: March 2017

Sejak kehadiran bangsa Eropa Khususnya Belanda di Nusantara, berbagai upaya dilakukan untuk menguasai perdagangan termasuk di Kepulauan Maluku sebagai sumber utama produksi cengkih. Latar historis ini dapat diamati melalui sebaran tinggalan arkeologi masa Kolonial yang ada di wilayah ini, salah satunya adalah Negeri Larike yang berada di pesisir barat Jazirah Leihitu. Melalui metode analisis deskriptif dan analogi sejarah, tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi sebaran tinggalan arkeologi yang ada di Negeri Larike, serta peran wilayah Negeri Larike dalam konteks historis masa Kolonial. Hasil penelitian mengungkap bahwa terdapat beberapa tinggalan arkeologi yang ada di wilayah ini. Ragam tinggalan tersebut sekaligus memberi gambaran peran wilayah sebagai salah satu wilayah pemusatan produksi cengkih dan pusat administrasi pemerintahan Belanda untuk wilayah Pesisir Barat Jazirah Leihitu. Since the presence of Europeans Especially the Dutch in the archipelago, various attempts were made to control the trade, including in the Maluku Islands as the main source of production of cloves. This historical background can be observed through the distribution of archaeological remains of the colonial period in this region, one of which is the Larike Village located in the west coast of Leihitu Peninsula. Through descriptive analysis method and historical analogies, this paper is intended to identify the distribution  of archaeological remains exist in Larike Village, as well as the role of the territory Larike Village in historical context Colonial period. Results of the study revealed that there are several archaeological remains exist in this region. The remains variety as well as describing the role of the region as one of the area concentration clove production and administrative center of the Dutch government for the territory of the West Coast Leihitu Peninsula.
Radiogenic lead from poly-metallic thorium ores as a valuable material for advanced nuclear facilities
Authors: Kulikov G. G. , Apse V. A. , Kulikov E. G. , Kozhahmet B. K. , Shkodin A. O. , Shmelev A. N.
Published: March 2017

Main purpose of the study is assessing reasonability for recovery, production and application of radiogenic lead as a coolant, neutron moderator and neutron reflector in advanced fast reactors and accelerator-driven systems (ADS). The following results were obtained: 1. Radiogenic lead with high content of isotope 208Pb can be extracted from thorium or mixed thorium-uranium ores because 208Pb is a final product of 232Th natural decay chain. 2. The use of radiogenic lead with high 208Pb content in advanced fast reactors and ADS makes it possible to improve significantly their neutron-physical and thermal-hydraulic parameters. 3. The use of radiogenic lead with high 208Pb content in advanced fast reactors as a coolant opens the possibilities for more intense fuel breeding and for application of well-known oxide fuel instead of the promising but not tested enough nitride fuel under the same safety parameters. 4. The use of radiogenic lead with high 208Pb content in advanced fast reactors as a neutron reflector opens a possibility for substantial elongation of prompt neutron lifetime. As a result, chain fission reaction in the reactor core could be slowed down, and the reactor operation could become safer. 5. The use of radiogenic lead with high 208Pb content in ADS as a coolant can upgrade substantially the level of neutron flux in the ADS blanket. Thus, favorable conditions could be formed in the ADS blanket for effective transmutation of radioactive wastes with low cross-sections of radiative neutron capture.
A System Identification Technique Using Bias Current Perturbation for the Determination of the Magnetic Axes of an Active Magnetic Bearing
Authors: Spangler Dewey , Prins Robert , Kasarda Mary
Published: March 2017

Inherent in every Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB) are differences between the expected geometric axes and the actual magnetic axes due to a combination of discrepancies, including physical variation from manufacturing tolerances and misalignment from mechanical assembly, fringing and leakage effects, as well as variations in magnetic material properties within a single AMB. A method is presented here for locating the magnetic axes of an AMB that will facilitate the accurate characterization of the bearing air gaps for potential improvement in field tuning, performance analyses and certain shaft force measurement techniques. This paper presents an extension of the application of the bias current perturbation method for the determination of the magnetic center to the determination of magnetic axes for the further development of accurate current-based force measurement techniques.
Variation Quality and Kinetic Parameter of Commercial n-3 PUFA-Rich Oil during Oxidation via Rancimat
Authors: Yang Kai-Min , Chiang Po-Yuan
Published: March 2017

Different biological sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in mainstream commercial products include algae and fish. Lipid oxidation in n-3 PUFA-rich oil is the most important cause of its deterioration. We investigated the kinetic parameters of n-3 PUFA-rich oil during oxidation via Rancimat (at a temperature range of 70~100 °C). This was done on the basis of the Arrhenius equation, which indicates that the activation energies (Ea) for oxidative stability are 82.84–96.98 KJ/mol. The chemical substrates of different oxidative levels resulting from oxidation via Rancimat at 80 °C were evaluated. At the initiation of oxidation, the tocopherols in the oil degraded very quickly, resulting in diminished protection against further oxidation. Then, the degradation of the fatty acids with n-3 PUFA-rich oil was evident because of decreased levels of PUFA along with increased levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA). The quality deterioration from n-3 PUFA-rich oil at the various oxidative levels was analyzed chemometrically. The anisidine value (p-AV, r: 0.92) and total oxidation value (TOTOX, r: 0.91) exhibited a good linear relationship in a principal component analysis (PCA), while oxidative change and a significant quality change to the induction period (IP) were detected through an agglomerative hierarchical cluster (AHC) analysis.
Determination of Vancomycin in Human Serum by Cyclodextrin-Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography (CD-MEKC) and Application for PDAP Patients
Authors: Wang Jiajing , Cao Yuqing , Wu Shengyuan , Wang Shuowen , Zhao Xin , Zhou Tingting , Lou Yuefen , Fan Guorong
Published: March 2017

A simple and sensitive cyclodextrin-micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (CD-MEKC) method with UV detection was developed and validated for the determination of vancomycin (VCM) in serum. The separation was achieved in 14 min at 25 °C with a fused-silica capillary column of 40.2 cm × 75 μm i.d. (effective length 30.2 cm) and a run buffer containing 25 mM borate buffer with 50 mM sodium dodecylsulfonate (SDS) (pH 9.5) and 2% sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin (sulfobutyl-β-CD). Under optimal conditions for biological samples, good separations with high efficiency and short analysis time were achieved. Several parameters affecting the drug separation from biological matrices were studied, including buffer types, concentrations, and pHs. The methods were validated over the range of 0.9998–99.98 µg/mL. Calibration curves of VCM also showed good linearity (r2 > 0.999). Intra- and interday precisions (relative standard deviation, RSD) were less than 5.80% and 7.38%, and lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) were lower than 1.0 μg/mL. The mean recoveries ranged between 84.03% and 91.69%. The method was successfully applied for monitoring VCM concentrations in serum of patients with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP). The assay should be applicable to pharmacokinetic studies and routine therapeutic drug monitoring of this drug in serum.
Molecular Imprinting Applications in Forensic Science
Authors: Yılmaz Erkut , Garipcan Bora , Patra Hirak , Uzun Lokman
Published: March 2017

Producing molecular imprinting-based materials has received increasing attention due to recognition selectivity, stability, cast effectiveness, and ease of production in various forms for a wide range of applications. The molecular imprinting technique has a variety of applications in the areas of the food industry, environmental monitoring, and medicine for diverse purposes like sample pretreatment, sensing, and separation/purification. A versatile usage, stability and recognition capabilities also make them perfect candidates for use in forensic sciences. Forensic science is a demanding area and there is a growing interest in molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in this field. In this review, recent molecular imprinting applications in the related areas of forensic sciences are discussed while considering the literature of last two decades. Not only direct forensic applications but also studies of possible forensic value were taken into account like illicit drugs, banned sport drugs, effective toxins and chemical warfare agents in a review of over 100 articles. The literature was classified according to targets, material shapes, production strategies, detection method, and instrumentation. We aimed to summarize the current applications of MIPs in forensic science and put forth a projection of their potential uses as promising alternatives for benchmark competitors.
A Novel Ultrasonic Method for Liquid Level Measurement Based on the Balance of Echo Energy
Authors: Zhang Bin , Wei Yue-Juan , Liu Wen-Yi , Zhang Yan-Jun , Yao Zong , Zhang Liang , Xiong Ji-Jun
Published: March 2017

This study presents a novel method for determining the liquid level from the outside of a sealed container, which is based on the balance of echo energy received by two receiving sensors. The proposed method uses one transmitting transducer and two receiving sensors that are encapsulated in a coupling plane and arranged by certain rules. The calculation and comparison of echo energy are grounded on the difference ultrasonic impedance between gas and liquid media. First, by analyzing the propagation and attenuation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in a solid, an acoustic model for calculating the echo energy is established and simulated in MATLAB. Second, the proposed method is evaluated through a series of experiments. The difference and ratio of echo energy received by two receiving sensors are calculated and compared under two different coupling conditions. Two kinds of the sensors that are arranged by different rules are selected for measuring the liquid level, and the measurement are analyzed and discussed in detail. Finally, the experimental results indicate that the proposed method can meet the proposed accuracy requirements and can effectively solve the problems caused by some poor coupling conditions.
Clinical features of bowel disease in patients aged <50 years in primary care: a large case-control study
Authors: Stapley Sally A , Rubin Greg P , Alsina Deborah , Shephard Elizabeth A , Rutter Matthew D , Hamilton William T
Published: March 2017

Background

Incidences of colorectal cancer (CRC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are increasing in those aged <50 years.

Aim

To identify and quantify clinical features in primary care of CRC/IBD in those aged <50 years. This study considered the two conditions together and aimed to determine which younger patients, presenting in primary care with symptoms, would benefit from investigation for potentially serious colorectal disease.

Design and setting

Matched case-control study using primary care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, UK.

Method

Incident cases (aged <50 years) of CRC (n = 1661) and IBD (n = 9578) diagnosed between 2000 and 2013 were each matched with up to three controls (n = 3979 CRC; n = 22 947 IBD). Odds ratios (OR) and positive predictive values (PPV) were estimated for features of CRC/IBD in the year before diagnosis.

Results

Ten features were independently associated with CRC/IBD (all P<0.001): rectal bleeding, change in bowel habit, diarrhoea, raised inflammatory markers, thrombocytosis, abdominal pain, low mean cell volume (MCV), low haemoglobin, raised white cell count, and raised hepatic enzymes. PPVs were >3% for rectal bleeding with diarrhoea, thrombocytosis, low MCV, low haemoglobin or raised inflammatory markers; for change in bowel habit with low MCV, thrombocytosis or low haemoglobin; and for diarrhoea with thrombocytosis.

Conclusion

This study quantified the risk of serious bowel disease in symptomatic patients aged <50 years in primary care. Rectal bleeding and change in bowel habit are strongly predictive of CRC/IBD when combined with abnormal haematology. The present findings help prioritise patients for colonoscopy where the diagnosis is not immediately apparent.
Les phénomènes karstiques des quartzites d'Afrique du Sud
Authors: Martini Jacques E.J.
Published: March 2017

Des phénomènes karstiques sont décrits en Afrique du Sud dans des quartzites et plus accessoirement dans des diabases altérées et dans du wad. Ils comprennent des dolines, pertes et grottes. La genèse du karst est attribuée à une altération météorique des roches qui sont transformées en matières meubles par dissolution lente de la silice, suivie d'une érosion souterraine régressive à partir d'une source. Cette dernière est responsable de la formation des grottes et du modelé karstique. Pour décrire ces phénomènes, l'auteur pense que l'appellation karst est préférable à pseudo-karst. Les phénomènes karstiques tels qu'ils sont définis, sont très localisés et n'occupent qu'une partie très restreinte des affleurements des quarztites. Par contre, les surfaces rocheuses à pinacles évoquant les lapiés sont ubiquistes, bien que généralement non associées à un écoulement souterrain des eaux, et par conséquent ne sont pas considérées comme des phénomènes karstiques.
Wastewater Monitoring System in Industrial Workshop Based on Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Zhang Minhai , She Shuangxiang
Published: March 2017

In this paper, regarding the complexity of polluted water, through analyzing the water environment and its surrounding factors, a water quality monitoring system architecture based on wireless sensor networks is proposed. Firstly, the water quality parameters collected by the sensor are processed by the signal conditioning circuit and then transmitted to the sensor nodes so as to realize the data acquisition of the water quality parameters. Afterwards, through the function analysis of each node in the ZigBee network, the hardware design and software program design of the network coordinator node and the routing node are completed. After joint debugging of the hardware and software, point-to-point communication and system networking of the ZigBee network are achieved. Finally, the results of experiments show that the system can realize the data acquisition and wireless transmission of the temperature and PH parameters of different solutions. Furthermore, each node realizes its own function and meets the design requirements of the system.
On the Access Control Mechanism of Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Ding Xiajun , Jiang Xiaodan , Bi Hongbo , Fang Jianwen
Published: March 2017

This paper puts forward an approach of access control based on unidirectional chain. For the purpose of increasing the number of users, improving the expandability of access ability, and resisting the attacks aiming at capturing users, the author proposes new methods of access control and a user access ability revocation based on the hash tree. Through analysis, evaluation and comparison, the author concludes that these approaches and methods require smaller computation, storage and communication overheads than the existing sensor network access control methods. Moreover, the proposed approaches and methods are able to resist node capture, as well as information replay requests and attacks.
False Data Filtering Strategy in Wireless Sensor Network Based on Neighbor Node Monitoring
Authors: Zhang Haishan , Wang Xinchun , Jia Chenghui
Published: March 2017

The injection attack of false data is a common attack form in wireless sensor network. This attack form achieves the purpose of consuming limited network resources and severely threatens the safety of wireless sensor network through consistent sending false data. This paper proposes a type of false data filtering strategy based on neighbor node monitoring. The idea of this strategy is to enable each node to store the neighbor node's information within the two-hop range. In the meantime, the data package determines whether the upstream node is original node or data forwarding intermediate node through whether ACK package is remitted by the upstream node to avoid the impersonation of wireless sensor network node by malicious node. The false data package of malicious node will be filtered within one hop. The simulation experiment verifies the filtering performance and anti-capture performance of this strategy, thus guaranteeing the safety of wireless sensor network.
Knowledge Extraction Through Page Rank Using Web-Mining Techniques for E-Business
Authors: Singh Mahesh Kumar , Rishi Om Prakash , Sharma Anukrati , Akhtar Zaved
Published: March 2017

Internet plays a vital role for doing the business. It provides platform for creating huge number of customers for ease of business. E-business organizations are growing rapidly and doubly in every minute; World Wide Web (WWW) provides huge information for the Internet users. The accesses of user's behavior are recorded in web logs. This information seems to be very helpful in an E-business environment for analysis and decision making. Mining of web data come across many new challenges with enlarged amount of information on data stored in web logs. The search engines play key role for retrieving the relevant information from huge information. Nowadays, the well-known search engines, like Google, MSN, Yahoo, etc. have provided the users with good search results worked on special search strategies. In web search services the web page ranker component plays the main factor of the Google. This paper discusses the new challenges faced by web mining techniques, ranking of web pages using page ranking algorithms and its application in E-business analysis to improve the business operations.
The Impact of Emerging Technologies and Social Media on Different Business(es)
Authors: Agrawal Smita
Published: March 2017

The aim of this research paper is to study the impact of Emerging Technologies and Social Media on different businesses, market and management. There is no doubt that business technology has revolutionized the way companies conduct business. The advent of the social media has brought tremendous changes and advancement in the marketing process. For marketers, this is a huge advantage because the rapid transition from mass to social media resents the opportunity to create impactful, relevant marketing messages. Social Media is fast evolving as one of the most reliable ways to connect and stay informed about the most recent developments in a particular industry. It offers a platform for discussions and information sharing about anything and everything, helping users build their online identity and reputation.
Client-Centric Cloud Service Composition
Authors: Gaur Vivek , Dhyani Praveen , Rishi Om Prakash
Published: March 2017

Recent computing world has seen rapid growth of the number of middle and large scale enterprises that deploy business processes sharing variety of services available over cloud environment. Due to the advantage of reduced cost and increased availability, the cloud technology has been gaining unbound popularity. However, because of existence of multiple cloud service providers on one hand and varying user requirements on the other hand, the task of appropriate service composition becomes challenging. The conception of this chapter is to consider the fact that different quality parameters related to various services might bear varied importance for different user. This chapter introduces a framework for QoS-based Cloud service selection to satisfy the end user needs. A hybrid algorithm based on genetic algorithm (GA) and Tabu Search methods has been developed, and its efficacy is analysed. Finally, this chapter includes the experimental analysis to present the performance of the algorithm.
St. Stephen's Hospital Hervey Bay
Authors: Harmsen Constance A. , Royle Richard N.
Published: March 2017

St Stephen's Hospital in Hervey Bay, Queensland, Australia, is a new 96 bed state of the art digital hospital that opened on a greenfield site on 13 October 2014. The eHealth project was responsible for providing a fully integrated electronic medical record. The authors explore the unique challenges presented by the project and the solutions deployed. Key components related to the success of the project are identified. The results of the intense two and half year project timeline culminated in a successful go-live and certification as the first hospital in Australia to achieve Stage 6 HIMSS designation.
Using Virtual Environments to Achieve Learner Outcomes in Interprofessional Healthcare Education
Authors: Aebersold Michelle , Tschannen Dana
Published: March 2017

The use of simulation in the training of healthcare professionals has become an essential part of the educational experience. Students and practitioners need to learn a variety of technical, interpersonal, and clinical judgment skills to be effective healthcare practitioners. Virtual simulation can provide an effective training method to facilitate learning and can be targeted to develop specific skills in the area of Interprofessional Education (IPE). This chapter reviews the literature around simulation techniques and outlines a development process that can be used to develop virtual simulations to meet a variety of learning objectives including IPE. Specific issues and solutions are also presented to ensure a successful educational experience.
A Smart Card Based Software System for Surgery Specialties
Authors: Konstantopoulos Nektarios , Syrimpeis Vasileios , Moulianitis Vassilis , Panaretou Ioannis , Aspragathos Nikolaos , Panagiotopoulos Elias
Published: March 2017

This chapter presents a software system based on smart cards technology for recording, monitoring and studying patients of any surgery specialty (General Surgery, Orthopedics, Neurosurgery, etc.). The system is also suitable for the computerization of any surgery specialty clinic and the respective surgical material repositories. Dynamic customization functions adapt the system to the different characteristics of the surgery specialties. Special customization is involved concerning implantable materials. The .NET platform and Java Cards used for the development of the system and the architectural model of the system are designed towards satisfying the basic integration and interoperability issues. The developed system is “doctor-friendly” because it is based on classifications and knowledge grouping used in every day clinical practice provided from medical experts on the field but is not intended to be a complete Electronic Medical Record (EMR). The major scope of this effort is the development of a system that offers a fast and easy installable, low cost solution in health environments still immature in adopting solutions based exclusively on Informatics and is designed to be installed in small Private Medical Consulting Rooms to Community Clinics, Health Centers, Hospital Surgery Departments till Central Health Organizations.
Information Architecture for Pervasive Healthcare Information Provision with Technological Implementation
Authors: Tan Chekfoung , Liu Shixiong
Published: March 2017

The Pervasive Healthcare Information Provision (PHIP) is a concept that ensures patients are covered with healthcare services with the appropriate information provision together with the technical infrastructure when needed. Clinicians can obtain the real-time information by accessing the electronic patient record that supports decision-making in providing health services. PHIP aims to provide comprehensive healthcare services to its stakeholders covering the social and technical aspect. Information architecture is a high-level map of information requirements of an organisation that possesses business processes and information flows. Organisational semiotics, a fundamental theory for information and communication, helps in understanding the nature of information. It deals with information and information systems in a balanced way, taking account of both the physical space (when physical actions take place) and the information space (which are mainly characterised by information and communication using signs, symbols, and data). Information sharing among multi-stakeholders in decision-making is essential for pervasive healthcare. The information architecture can be reflected in information systems implementation such as Electronic Patient Record (EPR) and other forms. The aim of this chapter is to derive a conceptual model of information architecture for PHIP, including technological implementation via wireless technology. The information architecture serves as requirement engine that covers social and technical needs from both patients and clinicians. The contribution of this research is two fold: 1) establishing the theoretical perspective of information architecture, which serves as backbone to support PHIP, and 2) implementing PHIP via wireless technology and agent-based system.
Informatics and Health Services
Authors: Ravka Nelson
Published: March 2017

Personal electronic health records are seen as a key component to improved health care for patients, empowering motivated patients by giving them access to their own records resulting in increased self-care, shared decision making, and better clinical outcomes. Benefits through electronic record keeping would also accrue to health care providers through the availability and retrievability of data, reduced duplication of medical tests, more effective physician diagnosis and treatment, reduced incidence of prescription errors, and flagging inappropriate drug combinations. Utilizing information technology could also moderate the cost of health care services. Electronic health records would also improve clinical research through access to a large database of patient electronic records for research and determining best practices. Although potential benefits are considerable, many challenges to implementation must be addressed and resolved before this potential of improved health care provision and cost efficiency can be realized.
Using Radio Frequency Identification Technology to Store Patients' Medical Information
Authors: Hawrylak Peter J. , Hart Chris
Published: March 2017

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology enables wireless communication between a RFID reader and a RFID tag. One type, passive RFID tags, need no battery, being powered from the RFID reader's radio frequency signal. Passive RFID tags can support memories that can be used to store portions of the patient's medical history. One form factor for passive RFID tags is an employee ID (used for wireless access) or credit card form factor. This form factor allows the patient to carry their medical information with them. RFID benefits include providing information to Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs), maintaining a patient's vaccination history and providing emergency contact information, all in a clear and unmistakable format. This simplifies information exchange during patient transfers, a cause of many preventable medical mistakes and errors. Cheap and simple systems, such as the one presented in this chapter, can reduce stress and prevent possible errors. Such systems with an intuitive human-machine interface can reduce the duration of a patient visit throughput. This system can prevent simple errors such as the administration of the wrong drug, dose, or drug omission, which is a major issue in hospitals. This requires that information be stored in a standardised manner, with limited healthcare provider access and use to protect patient privacy. This chapter explores the use of passive RFID tags to store medical information about a patient, with specific focus on storage of a child's vaccination history and safety.