bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Menganalisis Industri dan Para Pesaing
Authors: Putri Miyati Diana
Published: April 2022

Analisis industri dan persaingan akan menggunakan alat dan teknik tertentu bagi perusahaan untuk dapat menyesuaikan dengan perubahan dan kemudian membentuk kekuatan dalam menghadapi persaingan.Pengertian industri adalah suatu usaha atau kegiatan pengolahan bahan mentah atau barang setengah jadi menjadi barang, jadi barang jadi yang memiliki nilai tambah untuk mendapatkan keuntungan.
Incorporating Full Elastodynamic Effects and Dipping Fault Geometries in Community Code Verification Exercises for Simulations of Earthquake Sequences and Aseismic Slip (SEAS)
Authors: Erickson Brittany , Jiang Junle , Lambert Valere , Abdelmeguid Mohamed , Almquist Martin , Ampuero Jean Paul , Ando Ryosuke , Barbot Sylvain , Cattania Camilla , Chen Alexandre , Dal Zilio Luca , Dunham Eric , Elbanna Ahmed , Gabriel Alice-Agnes , Harvey Tobias , Huang Yihe , Kaneko Yoshihiro , Kozdon Jeremy , Lapusta Nadia , Li Duo , Li Meng , Liang Chao , Liu Yajing , Ozawa So , Pranger Casper , Segall Paul , Sun Yudong , Thakur Prithvi , Uphoff Carsten , van Dinther Ylona , Yang Yuyun
Published: April 2022

Numerical modeling of earthquake dynamics and derived insight for seismic hazard relies on credible, reproducible model results. The SEAS (Sequences of Earthquakes and Aseismic Slip) initiative has set out to facilitate community code comparisons, and verify and advance the next generation of physics-based earthquake models that reproduce all phases of the seismic cycle. With the goal of advancing SEAS models to robustly incorporate physical and geometrical complexities, here we present code comparison results from two new benchmark problems: BP1-FD considers full elastodynamic effects and BP3-QD considers dipping fault geometries. Eight modeling groups participated in each benchmark, allowing us to explore these physical ingredients across multiple codes and better understand associated numerical considerations. We find that numerical resolution and computational domain size are critical parameters to obtain matching results, with increasing domain-size requirements posing challenges for volume-based codes even in 2D settings. Codes for BP1-FD implemented different criteria for switching between quasi-static and dynamic solvers, which require tuning to obtain matching results. In BP3-QD, proper remote boundaries conditions consistent with specified rigid body translation are required to obtain matching surface displacements. With these numerical and mathematical issues resolved, we obtain good agreement among codes in long-term fault behavior, earthquake recurrence intervals, and rupture features of peak slip rates and stress drops for both benchmarks. Including full inertial effects generates events with larger slip rates and rupture speeds compared to the quasi-dynamic counterpart. For BP3-QD, both dip angle and sense of motion (thrust versus normal faulting) alter ground motion on the hanging and foot walls, and influence event patterns, with some sequences exhibiting similar-sized characteristic earthquakes, and others exhibiting several earthquakes of differing magnitudes. These findings underscore the importance of considering full dynamics and non-vertical dip angles in SEAS models, as both influence short and long-term earthquake behavior, and associated hazards.
Potential Health and Economic Impacts of Shifting Manufacturing from China to Indonesia or India
Authors: Ran Qi , Lee Shao-Yi , Zheng Duofan , Chen Han , Yang Shili , Moore John , Dong Wenjie
Published: April 2022

The diversification or decoupling of production chains from China to alternative Asian countries such as India or Indonesia would impact the spatial distribution of anthropogenic emissions, with corresponding economic impacts due to mortality associated with particulate matter exposure. We evaluated these changes using the Community Earth System Model, the Integrated Exposure-Response (IER) model and Willingness To Pay (WTP) method. Significant effects on PM2.5 related mortality and economic cost for these deaths were seen in many East, Southeast and South Asian countries, particularly those immediately downwind of these three countries. Transferring all of export-related manufacturing to Indonesia resulted in significant mortality decreases in China and South Korea by 78k (5 per 100k) and 1k (2 per 100k) respectively, while Indonesia’s mortality significantly increased (73.7k; 29 per 100k), as well as India, Pakistan and Nepal. When production was transferred to India, mortality rates in East Asia show similar changes to the Indonesian scenario, while mortalities in India increased dramatically (87.9k; 6 per 100k), and mortalities in many neighbors of India were also severely increased. Nevertheless, the economic costs for these deaths were much smaller than national GDP changes in China (0.9% of GDP vs. 18.3% of GDP), India (2.7% of GDP vs. 84.3% of GDP) or Indonesia (9.4% of GDP vs. 337% of GDP) due to shifting all of export-related production lines from China to India or Indonesia. Morally, part of the benefits of economic activity should be used to compensate the neighboring communities where mortality increases occur.
Quebec-based parents’ concerns regarding their children’s multilingual development
Authors: Quirk Erin , Brouillard Melanie , Ahooja Alexa , Ballinger Susan , Polka Linda , Byers-Heinlein Krista , Kircher Ruth
Published: April 2022

Many parents express concerns for their children’s multilingual development, yet little is known about the nature and strength of these concerns – especially among parents in multilingual societies. This pre-registered, questionnaire-based study addresses this gap by examining the concerns of 821 Quebec-based parents raising infants and toddlers aged 0-4 years with multiple languages in the home. Factor analysis of parents’ Likert-scale responses revealed that parents had (1) concerns regarding the effect of children’s multilingualism on their cognition, and (2) concerns regarding children’s exposure to and attainment of fluency in their languages. Concern strength was moderate to weak, and cognition concerns were weaker than exposure-fluency concerns. Transmission of a heritage language, transmission of three or more languages, presence of developmental issues, and less positive parental attitudes towards childhood multilingualism were associated with stronger concerns. These findings have both theoretical and practical implications: they advance our understanding of parental concerns and facilitate the development of support for multilingual families.
Hacking attractiveness biases in hiring? The role of beautifying photo-filters
Authors: Kunst Jonas R. , Kirkøen Jannicke , Mohamdain Onab
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposePhysically less attractive job applicants are discriminated against in hiring decisions. In a US context, the authors tested whether appearance-altering photo-filters can exploit this bias, focusing on the moderating role of job type, gender and race as well the mediating role of two major dimensions of person perception (warmth and competence).Design/methodology/approachIn study 1, 223 managers evaluated White mock applicants presented with or without a beautifying filter for either a position as a social worker or an IT specialist. In study 2, 212 managers evaluated Black and White mock applicants with or without beautifying filters for an HR specialist position.FindingsIn study 1, beautifying filters increased perceived hireability irrespective of job type, but especially when applicants were female. Both male and female applicants whose photos were filtered were perceived as more competent, but only male applicants were perceived as warmer. In study 2, beautifying filters increased the hireability only slightly for White female applicants, followed by White and Black male applicants but substantially for Black female applicants. The filters increased the perceived competence of Black (and especially Black female) applicants but not of White applicants and increased the perceived warmth of all groups except for White females. Warmth and competence partially mediated the observed effects on hireability in both studies.Originality/valueIn the context of widely available technological advances, the authors show that beautifying photo-filters can exploit attractiveness biases, at least at an early hiring stage. The results emphasize the importance of intersecting factors such as gender and race.
Reciprocal Relationships between Positive Emotions and Resilience Predict Flourishing Among Adolescents
Authors: Gilchrist Jenna
Published: April 2022

The broaden and build theory of positive emotions maintains that positive emotions serve to broaden humans' thoughts and behaviors, resulting in the accrual of resources (e.g., resilience) which catalyze upward spirals of well-being; however, there is a relative dearth of research that has examined the upward spiral hypothesis in the context of adolescence. Adolescents (N = 4064) were surveyed annually for three years. Reciprocal associations between positive emotions and resilience were examined as predictors of flourishing. Adolescents who experienced more positive emotions than usual reported higher levels of resilience one year later. Similarly, adolescents who had higher levels of resilience than usual reported more positive emotions the subsequent year. Higher than usual levels of resilience and positive emotions predicted greater flourishing. Positive emotions result in a cascade of beneficial outcomes for the individual that are not limited to future experiences of positive emotions but also increased resilience and enhanced well-being.
Collaborative decision making is grounded in representations of other people's competence and effort
Authors: Xiang Yang , Vélez Natalia , Gershman Samuel J.
Published: April 2022

By collaborating with others, humans can pool their limited knowledge, skills, and resources to achieve goals that outstrip the abilities of any one person. What cognitive capacities make human collaboration possible? Here, we propose that collaboration is grounded in an intuitive understanding of how others think and of what they can do—in other words, of their mental states and competence. We present a belief-desire-competence framework that formalizes this proposal by extending existing models of commonsense psychological reasoning. Our framework predicts that agents recursively reason how much effort they and their partner will allocate to a task, based on the rewards at stake and on their own and their collaborator's competence. Across three experiments (N = 249), we show that the belief-desire-competence framework captures human judgments in a variety of contexts that are critical to collaboration, including predicting whether a joint activity will succeed (Experiment 1), selecting incentives for collaborators (Experiment 2), and choosing which individuals to recruit for a collaborative task (Experiment 3). Our work provides a theoretical framework for understanding how commonsense psychological reasoning contributes to collaborative achievements.
How can we differentiate narrow-band oscillations from aperiodic activity?
Authors: Donoghue Thomas , Watrous Andrew
Published: April 2022

Human intracranial recordings are composed of both periodic “narrow-band oscillations” along with aperiodic, “1/f-like”, activity. While oscillations have been a consistent focus of investigation in neurophysiological data, the physiological and functional properties of aperiodic activity are less well understood, as it is often treated as “background noise”. In this chapter, we provide an overview of both periodic and aperiodic activity, providing a brief historical perspective on the study of each, along with conceptual approaches and analytic assumptions researchers have made when measuring both types of activity. We then highlight recent methodological developments and available techniques for explicitly measuring (a)periodic activity, so as to evaluate which components of the neural data are changing. We propose that studies of human intracranial recordings should employ measures which can differentiate (a)periodic signals in order to determine if they have distinct generators and functional roles. Finally, we discuss putative interpretations of both periodic and aperiodic activity, as well as several unresolved issues which can be explored in future work to further model and interpret these signals.
Neural correlates of encoding in novel word learning
Authors: Korochkina Maria , Sowman Paul F. , Nickels Lyndsey , Bürki Audrey
Published: April 2022

A central observation in the recognition memory literature is that neural processes occurring during encoding of stimuli are predictive of their later recognition. Compared to items that are later forgotten, encoding of correctly recognised items has been associated with greater amplitude between 400 ms and 800 ms post stimulus onset across centro-parietal sites (the difference-due-to-memory ERP effect), increased EEG power in the theta and gamma frequency bands and decreased EEG power in the alpha and beta bands, and increased theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling. Importantly, theories of encoding based on these findings imply that these effects should be domain-general. In this pre-registered study, we tested this assumption by exploring neural correlates of successful encoding in learning of novel names for novel concepts. Following the previous studies, we used three different measures of neural activity, ERPs, time-frequency representations of power, and phase-amplitude coupling; however, for either of these measures, we could not reject the null hypothesis of no difference between the novel names that were later recalled and those that were not. We provide three possible interpretations of our findings, and our main conclusion is that the existing theories of encoding may be underspecified and that properly-powered pre-registered studies are needed to further constrain these theories.
Thinking style and psychosis proneness do not predict false insights
Authors: Grimmer Hilary Jane , Laukkonen Ruben , Freydenzon Anna , von Hippel Bill , Tangen Jason Marcus
Published: April 2022

The FIAT paradigm (Grimmer et al., 2022) is a novel method of eliciting ‘Aha’ moments for incorrect solutions to anagrams in the laboratory, i.e. false insights. There exist many documented reports of psychotic symptoms accompanying strong feelings of ‘Aha!’ (Feyaerts et al., 2021; Mishara, 2010; Tulver et al., 2021), therefore, the newly developed FIAT could reveal whether people who have more false insights are more prone to psychosis and delusion. To test this possibility, we recruited 200 participants to take an adapted version of the FIAT and complete measures of thinking style and psychosis proneness. We found no association between experimentally induced false insights and measures of Schizotypy, Need for Cognition, Jumping to Conclusions, Aberrant Salience, Faith in Intuition, or the Cognitive Reflection Task. We conclude that experiencing false insights might not be constrained to any particular type of person, but rather, may arise for anyone under the right circumstances.
The Influence of Emotional Cues and Anthropomorphism on Product Temperature Expectations
Authors: Barbosa Escobar Francisco , Velasco Carlos , Byrne Derek V. , Wang Qian Janice
Published: April 2022

Throughout six online experiments (four pre-registered), in which participants were tasked to evaluate their temperature expectations of different beverages with or without emotional cues (i.e., emoji facial expressions) with specific temperature associations, we found that imbuing a product with emotional content can influence its expected temperature in online settings. A negative valence, low arousal (i.e., sad) expression on the receptacle of a hot beverage (e.g., hot chocolate milk, coffee) led to a lower expected temperature compared to a beverage with a positive valence, high arousal (i.e., happy) expression and a control condition without any expression. Notably, a happy expression did not result in any significant difference in expected temperature. In addition, there were no significant differences with cold beverages (i.e., iced chocolate milk, beer). We found that the influence of the sad emoji expression was enhanced with higher levels of anthropomorphism (i.e., making individuals focus on the emotions of the product). Our results suggest that the mechanism behind these effects is based on the product being imbued with the emotional connotation of the sad expression and, subsequently, its corresponding temperature association. Our research adds to the literature on consumer behaviour, food and anthropomorphism, and the relationship between temperature and emotions, and it has applications related to food expectations.
Validation of a novel method of ultraviolet-induced cutaneous inflammation and its associations with anhedonia
Authors: Sullivan-Toole Holly , Feng Shengchuang , Carlton Corinne , Ghane Merage , Olino Thomas M , Allen Irving Coy , Richey John
Published: April 2022

Affective immunology of the skin is a growing area; however, established protocol for measuring individual differences in cutaneous inflammation are lacking. To address this, we present a preliminary validation of Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (PI-MED) testing as a method for measuring cutaneous inflammation. PI-MED is a recently adapted protocol, optimized for reproducibility and individual differences research, that uses ultraviolet (UV) light to evoke cutaneous erythema, or inflammatory skin reddening. PI-MED’s novel UV dosage schedule produces standardized erythema responses across different skin pigmentation types and shows strong internal consistency within person and good test-retest reliability across 8-10 weeks. In line with predictions, increased PI-MED erythema was associated with heightened anhedonia, across several measures, beyond influences of non-affective covariates. While future work should further refine the dosage schedule for the lightest and darkest skin types, overall, evidence supports PI-MED as a protocol for inducing and measuring individual differences in cutaneous inflammation. Further, PI-MED-induced erythema can expand psychoneuroimmunology research by offering a complementary assessment for general inflammatory tone. This work adds to a growing body of evidence demonstrating a distinct relationship between inflammation and anhedonia.
Is it radical to be kind? New civic education in the era of young people’s dissent
Authors: Bowman Benjamin
Published: April 2022

Our age of dissent offers opportunity for new civics scholars to welcome young dissent within the concept of the civic. New civics ‘[makes] explicit the inherent tension between the goal of creating citizens who will be actively involved in sustaining the existing socio-political system, and the goal of creating citizens who are equipped to challenge the status quo’ (Haste, Bermudez and Carretero, 2017 ). In this chapter, I reflect on the ways in which new civics, as an approach that welcomes the complex and contested nature of the civic, supports a concept of citizenship for young people that is based on interdependence rather than engagement.
Multidecadal dynamics project slow 21st-century economic growth and income convergence
Authors: Burgess Matthew G. , Langendorf Ryan E. , Moyer Jonathan D. , Dancer Ashley , Hughes Barry B. , Tilman David
Published: April 2022

Future economic growth will affect societal well-being and the environment, but is uncertain. We describe a multidecadal pattern of GDP per capita growth rising, then declining, as regions become richer. A fitted differential-equation model (DEM) and an integrated assessment model (International Futures, IFs) accounting for this pattern both predict 21st-century economic outlooks with slow growth and income convergence compared to the widely used Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs)—similar to SSP4 (‘Inequality’). For World Bank income groups, the DEM could have produced, from 1980, consistent projections of 2100 GDP per capita, and more accurate predictions of 2010s growth rates than the International Monetary Fund (IMF)’s short-term forecasts. DEM and IMF forecasts were positively biased for the low-income group. SSP4 might therefore represent a best-case—not worst-case—scenario for 21st-century growth and income convergence. IFs projects high poverty and population growth, and moderate energy demands and CO2 emissions, within the SSP range.
A neural dynamic model of action parsing
Authors: Kang Minseok
Published: April 2022

Humans can imitate the actions of others from early on in their life. Imitationhelps to transmit knowledge about tool usage or motor skills precisely. Precisetransmission of knowledge allows us to accumulate knowledge from past gener-ations and innovate further on top of it, which sets humans apart from otherprimates. Central to understanding how humans can learn by imitation is howhumans can extract actions from visual scenes with moving objects and buildan internal representation of them that can be utilized later.The thesis presents a neural dynamic model based on Dynamic field theory(DFT) to address how representations of actions are built based on visual input.DFT is a mathematical theory that describes the dynamics of activations ofneural populations using differential equations. Based on changes in dynamicregimes, representations of stimuli arise and cease autonomously.The model receives a video input in which an agent performs a sequence ofactions. The task of the model is to parse the video into discrete actions andgenerate a symbolic representation of each action. Descriptions of an actionsequence should be stored in memory that preserves the order in which actionsare presented.The model identifies an actor, allowing the model to understand the videoinput as a sequence of actions. Objects fulfilling certain relations with theactor are identified as playing specific roles within the description of the currentaction. Different kinds of actions can be differentiated based on which relationsare fulfilled. The model detects a point in time at which the current actionterminates, stores a symbolic representation of the action, and continues withparsing the following action. The model solves all of the sub-problems mentionedabove autonomously without interference from the modeler.By developing a neural dynamic model that can parse sequences of actions,the thesis contributes to understanding how humans can learn by imitation.
Evaluation von Lehrveranstaltungen im Hinblick auf das induzierte ‚Involvement‘
Authors: Pusler Michael
Published: April 2022

Evaluationsstudien zur Überprüfung von Ausbildungsmaßnahmen unterstellen oftmals ein Wirkungsgefüge, wonach gute Lehre sich aus der positiven Bewertung zahlreicher Wirkungsindikatoren zusammensetzt. Oft wird dabei aber kein verhaltenswissenschaftliches Modell zugrunde gelegt, sondern pragmatisch vorgegangen. Der vorgestellte Ansatz beschreibt eine Vorgehensweise der summativen Evaluation am Beispiel einer Lehrveranstaltung im Rahmen des BWL-Studiums mit Blick auf die Antezedenzen erfolgreicher Lehrstoffvermittlung. Zielgröße dabei ist das Involvement der Studierenden, das als eine zentrale motivationale Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche Lehrstoffvermittlung angesehen wird. Grundannahme dabei ist, dass als relevant befundene Lehrinhalte die Basis für nachhaltigen Lernerfolg darstellen. Aus den Evaluationsdaten wird mittels explorativer Strukturgleichungsmodellierung ein Verhaltensmodell gebildet, das auf der Grundlage zentraler Wirkparameter als Steuerungsinstrument dienen kann, um eine intensive Beteiligung der Studierenden am Lehrstoff zu realisieren.
The Magical Wonders of Nitric Oxide: The Molecule of the Millennium
Authors: Malhotra Varun , Chauhan Sunil , Wakode Santosh , Upadhyay Dhungel Kshitiz
Published: April 2022

NO is a gas and has a very short half-life (3-5s), as it is highly reactive. No  and its products are inactivated through oxidation into nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) Which is excreted in the urine. NO is regarded as magical molecule which has profound role in regulation of various function in various organs of human body and in health and disease. Here in this review article authors has discussed about its chemistry and metabolism, its discovery, its basic functions, role in pathophysiology of various diseases and its therapeutic implications.
Geriatric Depression and Variables in Residential Homes Located around Religious Beliefs Tagged Land Area
Authors: Poudel Prakar , Timalsina Santosh , Rimal Sabin
Published: April 2022

Depression is one of the psychiatric problems in geriatric population with a decrease in wellbeing. There was few prevalence studies carried out in old age residential homes located around spiritual and religious beliefs’ tagged area. This study was to find prevalence of depression and its associations in residents of old-age homes located around spiritual and religious beliefs’ tagged area. A cross-sectional study was carried out in four residential homes with face-to-face interviews using validated GDS-15 and PHQ-9 Nepali version questionnaires. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, univariate analysis and logistic regression. Among a total of 108 respondents, GDS-15 screening detected 36.2% of residents to be depressed (cut-off 4/5) and PHQ-9 screening detected 37.1% to be depressed (cut-off 4/5). The mean age was 75.7 years (± 8.3). Two-thirds of residents were female and the majority follow Hinduism religion. The majority were illiterate and were farmers in past. Odds of having depression decreases by 92% in self-reported better-satisfied status compared to unsatisfied status and by 89% in self-reported better-financed status compared to worse financed status. Geriatric depression is low in old age homes located around areas tagged with religious and spiritual beliefs. However further comparative study is required to find a correlation of depression with spirituality and religiousness in daily social living. Depression decreases more with self-satisfaction of old age people rather than financial stability.
Employees’ Perceptions of Internal CSR and External CSR towards Organizational Citizenship Behaviour
Authors: Bista Sita
Published: April 2022

When employees "go above and beyond" or "give their all" at work, they see their jobs as more than just a salary, and they are willing to do anything they can to make their workplace more productive, even if such efforts are not part of their job descriptions. Such behaviors can be attributed to an individual's disposition, but companies can also encourage them by fostering a serene environment. As a result, the purpose of this study is to look into the impact of employees' perceptions of corporate social responsibility on their affective commitment, job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship activity. From six different banks, 260 employees filled up data. The finding shows that Internal CSR is weaker than External CSR in those companies.
Effects of Anapana Meditation Technique in School Children
Authors: Pandey Mukti Prasad
Published: April 2022

Ānāpāna is a type of meditation in which the incoming and departing natural breaths are used as meditation objects. S.N. Goenka, a vipassana teacher from the Ledi Sayadaw lineage, has created a special meditation course for schoolchildren called 'npnaĀnāpāna,' which has a good impact on their academic and behavioral outcomes. This article seeks to examine the influence of Ānāpāna techniques among practitioners using primary and secondary data. To assess the effect of ānāpāna, a structured questionnaire set was designed to seek first-hand information from  240 students from two secondary schools of Kathmandu Valley. Students who have already taken ānāpāna courses and continued their practice are chosen for the study. Analyzing the effects of ānāpāna in nine different clusters, the chi-square test is applied at a five per cent level of significance to justify the result. The study showed that the ānāpāna technique helps improve students' study habits and academic performance. In addition to that, regular ānāpāna practice would be helpful to improve physical as well as mental health, reduce anger, improve relationships with friends, family members, and their relatives. The Chi-square test result also showed a significant association with regular ānāpāna practice in all nine variables.
Menuju Reforma Agraria dan Perhutanan Sosial di Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur
Authors: Khanifa Tiara Nur , Syanurisma Syarli , Luthfi Ahmad Nashih
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
This research is an effort to resolve the conflicts of forest tenurial (PPTKH) which is carried out with a spatial approach and thematic to provide recommendations for Agrarian Reform and Social Forestry (RAPS) policies. The spatial approach is carried out by satellite images processing with a 20-year period, which are taken in 2019 and 1999. The thematic approach is carried out by conducting the Identification of Land Tenure, Ownership, Utilization and Use. The results of the identification in the location of tenurial forest by the community with utilizing the SPOT 7 imagery for 2019, there are the 120,40 hectares area of Kedungasri Village that have been occupied by the community but claimed as Perum Perhutani forest area. The thematic study also confirms that land tenure has been carried out since the Japanese period. Of the 120.40 hectares area, there are 50.80 hectares or about 42% was directed towards agrarian reform policies through by Forest Area Swap (TMKH). The location that will be proposed for RAPS have land uses in the form of agriculture and settlements. At the provincial level, this study also found that the forest area in East Java is more than 30% of the total area of the province. The possibility of agrarian reform policies in Java is very open. It is not appropriate if Java has been exempted from agrarian reform policies.
Keywords : PPTKH, RAPS, Spatial Approach, IP4T, 30% forest area
 
INTISARI
Penelitian ini sebagai upaya Penyelesaian Penguasaan Tanah Kawasan Hutan (PPTKH) yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan spasial dan tematik untuk memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan Reforma Agraria dan Perhutanan Sosial (RAPS). Pendekatan spasial dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pengolahan citra satelit dengan tempo 20 tahun, yaitu citra satelit yang diambil pada tahun 2019 dan tahun 1999. Pendekatan tematik dilakukan dengan cara melakukan Identifikasi Penguasaan, Pemilikan, Pemanfaatan dan Penggunaan Tanah (IP4T). Hasil identifikasi lokasi penguasaan tanah kawasan hutan oleh masyarakat dengan memanfaatkan citra SPOT 7 tahun 2019 yaitu di wilayah Desa Kedungasri terdapat penguasaan tanah kawasan hutan oleh masyarakat namun diklaim sebagai kawasan hutan Perum Perhutani seluas 120,40 ha. Dari telaah tematik juga memperkuat bahwa penguasaan tanah telah dilakukan sejak masa Jepang. Dari luasan 120,40 ha tersebut, seluas 50,80 ha atau sekitar 42% diarahkan untuk kebijakan reforma agraria melalui Tukar Menukar Kawasan Hutan (TMKH). Pada level propinsi, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa luas kawasan hutan di Jawa Timur lebih dari 30% dari total luas propinsi sehingga terbuka besar kemungkinan kebijakan reforma agraria di Jawa yang selama ini mendapatkan pengecualian.
Kata kunci : PPTKH, RAPS, Pendekatan Spasial, IP4T, 30% kawasan hutan
Al-Si-Cu alloy enhanced to high-temperature application by nickel addition
Authors: Camarillo-Cisneros Javier , Pérez-Bustamante R. , Martínez-Sánchez R.
Published: April 2022

The present research evaluates commercial aluminum alloys 319 (AA319) and modified series by Ni additions on microstructure and mechanical properties through x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, hardness, and tensile tests. All AA319+X%Ni compositions (x = 0.5,1, 2) improved both hardness and UTS at room temperature, T6, over-aging, and high-temperature conditions. UTS obtained an improvement of around 30% to AA319 + 1%N i and AA319+2%Ni relatives to unmodified reference from T6 and high-temperature conditions. In addition, Ni increased remarkably the number of θ 0-Al2Cu pairs and reduced their thickness within the aluminum matrix compared to commercial alloy. The synthesis methodology is also adaptable to the current aluminum casting industry, creating the material in ingots and finished products.
КОНЦЕПЦІЯ ПРЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ В ТОРАКАЛЬНІЙ ХІРУРГІЇ: СИСТЕМАТИЧНИЙ ОГЛЯД ЛІТЕРАТУРИ
Authors: Максим І.
Published: April 2022

Вступ. Рак легенів є найпоширенішим видом раку в світі, він відповідає за 13,0% випадків усіх видів раку. Хірургічне втручання є оптимальним лікуванням операбельного раку легенів і підвищує виживаність цих пацієнтів. Однак, як і при будь-якій онкологічній операції, ускладнення є суттєвою причиною захворюваності та смертності. Програма попередньої реабілітації була запропонована як доопераційна допоміжна терапія для обходу даних наслідків, але існуючі дослідження показують суперечливі результати. Мета і завдання. У цій статті ми розглядаємо еволюцію доказової бази для попередньої реабілітації перед резекцією легені, потенційні компоненти такої програми, а також як ці програми можна інтегрувати в план хірургічного лікування раку легенів і прагнемо визначити роль цієї програми. у підвищенні параметрів дихання та зменшенні післяопераційних ускладнень у пацієнтів. Матеріал і методи. Було запитано пошук в електронних базах даних: PubMed, Clinicaltrials.gov, rcpjournals.org для рандомізованих клінічних досліджень, які досліджували ефективність концепції преабілітації та її вплив на функціональні параметри, післяопераційні ускладнення та якість життя пацієнтів. Первинною кінцевою точкою була здатність попередньої реабілітації підвищувати значення параметрів дихання у пацієнтів, які перенесли резекції легенів. Дослідженими вторинними параметрами були: післяопераційні ускладнення, оцінка функціональної здатності до і після операції, тривалість госпіталізації та вартість госпіталізації. Результати. До огляду було включено десять клінічних досліджень (698 пацієнтів). Якість досліджень оцінювали за критеріями Delphi. Вплив цільової програми на покращення параметрів дихання пацієнтів проаналізовано в 10 із 10 досліджень, частота респіраторних ускладнень у 9 із 10 досліджень та тривалість госпіталізації у 5 із 10 досліджень. Отримані результати можна віднести до категорії суперечливих, залежно від типу дослідження, розміру лотів та тривалості, інтенсивності та багатопрофільності програми реабілітації. Висновок. Очевидно, що преабілітація має бути комплексно інтегрована в медичну практику, тому що це зрозуміла надія для онкохворих. Однак залишається очевидна потреба в оцінці ефективності програми попередньої реабілітації в конкретних групах населення.
СУЧАСНІ УЯВЛЕННЯ ПРО СИСТЕМУ ГЕМОСТАЗУ
Authors: Савицький І. , Карабут Л. , Савицький В. , Александріна Т.
Published: April 2022

В статті розглянуто основні сучасні теоретичні уявлення про систему гемокоагуляції. Детально описано не тільки механізми судинно-тромбоцитарного та коагуляційного гемостазу, але й наведено основні складові системи антизсідання крові та фібринолізу. Таким чином, система тромбоутворення представляє собою ланцюг складних каскадно-комплексних ферментативних реакцій, які протікають за участі великої кількості клітинних та гуморальних агентів з тонкими механізмами нейроендокринної регуляції.
ТАРГЕТНА ПЕРФУЗІЯ МОЗКУ В ІНТЕНСИВНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ НОВОНАРОДЖЕНИХ
Authors: Сурков Д.
Published: April 2022

Зниження сигналу NIRS відображає низьку доставку кисню до тканини мозку, але не може відповісти, чи пов’язано це з гіпоксією або ішемією. Допплерівська оцінка мозкового кровотоку в передній мозковій артерії на додаток до моніторингу NIRS має бути методом, який дозволить розпізнати власне ішемію та допомогти неонатологу вирішити, що робити для підтримки гемодинаміки та/або постачання кисню. Були оцінені зв’язки між NIRS, допплерівським мозковим кровотоком та параметрами гемодинаміки у шести доношених дітей з тяжким HIE. Враховуючи, що rSO2 більше залежить від циркуляторної достатності, ніж FiO2, доцільно використовувати таке визначення, як «киснева ціна сатурації». У цьому випадку використання допплерівської оцінки мозкового кровотоку дозволяє розрізняти змішану гіпоксію та ішемію головного мозку з метою вибору оптимальних шляхів інтенсивної терапії.
Who Gets To Do Medicine: Black Canadian Studies and Medical Education
Authors: Dryden OmiSoore H.
Published: April 2022

Black studies both addresses the epistemic dilemma Eurocentrism makes of Blackness while also understanding Blackness as relational, situating Black activism and intellectual life as intricately connected. Yet discussions of Black studies have generally been excluded from the fields of science and medicine. In this article, I focus on three considerations of Black studies in these fields: Dalhousie University’s rotating senior research chair in Black Studies, which moved into the Faculty of Medicine in 2019; a reflection on the 1968 Sir George Williams Affair, which highlighted the harms anti-Black racism in science studies has upon Black students and communities; and lastly, an examination of who gets to do medicine in Canada. In the almost two-hundred-year history of medical education in Canada, systemic barriers remain in place that obstruct Black people from participating in medical training. I seek to explore how Black studies in medical education is more than an accounting of brutality and atrocities. Science and medical studies also include Black experiences through method, thought, and intervention, thus creating anew.
Cerebral small vessel disease and blood pressure variability
Authors: Bartiuk R. S.
Published: April 2022

Annotation. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) contributes up to about 25% of strokes and is the second most common cause of dementia and cognitive decline. Hypertensive arteriolosclerosis is the leading cause of CSVD, hence understanding its relationships with blood pressure changes, including blood pressure variability (BPV), is crucial. The aim of the research was to find out relationships between blood pressure parameters and such MRI-features of CSVD, as white matter hyperintensity (WMH), lacunes, perivascular spaces (PVS), brain atrophy in acute-stroke patients during hospitalization time. 160 participants enrolled in our study (56,3% were male, average age – 61,05±10,95, hospitalization time – 10,46 days). Statistical analysis was performed in the GNU Project software packages (2020). GNU PSPP (Version 1.4.1) [Computer Software]. Free Software Foundation. Boston, MA and The jamovi project (2021). Jamovi (Version 2.0) [Computer Software]. MRI was assessed according to “STRIVE” guidelines for cerebral vessel disease. We measured such BP parameters as mean systolic BP, mean diastolic BP, standard deviation and coefficient of variability for both systolic and diastolic BP. A moderate positive correlation was found between systolic BP variability and WMH severity (r=0.3, p=0.03). There was also a tendency for association between systolic BP variability and enlarged PVS at the basal ganglia level, but it was not significant (p=0.09). There was also a significant relationship between mean systolic BP and WMH severity (r=0.3, p<0.005), mean systolic BP and enlarged PVS at the basal ganglia level (r=0.3, p<0.01), mean systolic BP and total CSVD burden (r=0.3, p<0.005). Systolic BP and its variability are associated with WMH and enlarged PVS, which may provide valuable diagnostic and prognostic data about subtypes of CSVD and the consequences of vascular damage to the brain. Systolic BP variability targeting might be beneficial for prevention of CSVD progression.
Aspirin and calcium as a preventive therapy of early and late preeclampsia
Authors: Piskun A. O.
Published: April 2022

Annotation. Preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction are major causes of perinatal death and handicap in survivors. Indications for aspirin during pregnancy are a matter of debate. The optimum dosage, from 75mg/day to 150mg/day, needs to be determined. The aim of the research was to estimate the impact of low-dose aspirin and calcium on prevention of preeclampsia. During the research there was conducted a prospective analysis of the effectiveness of aspirin and calcium in pregnant women with preeclampsia from VMCM hospital №1, in a period from 2016 till 2018. 88 women participated, they were divided into two investigated groups: I – 36 women with early preeclampsia (EP), and II group – 52 women with late preeclampsia (LP). In EP group 28 women were taking aspirin in dose of 75 mg, in LP – 36. Also, in EP group 12 women were taking low doses of calcium (˂1g/day), and 26 in LP group (tab. 1). Main diagnostically significant indexes were determined, which later underwent comparative analysis for all groups. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed by odds ratio, its standard error and 95% confidence interval were calculated according to Altman, 1991. We didn’t define significant preventive differences in preeclampsia phenotype compared subgroups. Aspirin in dose of 75 mg/day and Calcium ˂1g/day is ineffective, also taking to account irregular intake – for 4-5-6 times per week. Preventive therapy requires definite period of beginning – 12 weeks of gestation and systemic everyday intake of drugs. In future, we need to explore a perfect dose of aspirin and calcium supplementation to prevent preeclampsia and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
Correction of sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women
Authors: Horbatiuk О. , Shatkovska А. , Dudikova L. , Binkovska А. , Vaskiv O. , Gerich O. , Pryimak I. , Harbuziuk V.
Published: April 2022

Annotation. In the postmenopausal age, the quality of sexual life deteriorates significantly. To date, there are no effective methods for correcting sexual dysfunction (SD) in women of this age. The aim of the study was to compare the clinical efficacy of traditional drugs for menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) – tibolone and a complex drug containing 1 mg of estradiol and 5 mg of dydrogesterone for SD in postmenopausal women. 69 postmenopausal women with SD were monitored: 37 – the main group (MG), 32 – the comparison group (CG). MG women were treated a drug’s containing tibolone, 1 pill once a day. Women with CG were prescribed traditional menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) with a drug containing 1 mg of estradiol and 5 mg of dydrogesterone. The quality of sexual life was determined before treatment and 1 month after treatment using a specially designed questionnaire and menopause rating scale (MRS). Statistics were processed using LibreOffice Calc (Mozilla Public License v 2.0). Quantitative data from the two related groups (before and after treatment) were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. When considering the results in an alternative form (the presence or absence of a certain feature used Fisher's angular transformation. Pairwise comparisons of groups were performed using the Mann-Whitney test at p <0,05. In the treatment of SD in women with MG there was a reduction of all symptoms; in patients with CG - improvement of only one indicator was observed. In MG, after 1month treatment of SD, the number of women satisfied with their sexual life increased 2.4 times (p<0.05), and in CG – 1.4 times (p>0.05). Significant reduction in most menopausal symptoms was observed in both groups of women after treatment. According to psychoneurological indicators and atrophic changes of the vagina, the difference between MG and CG after treatment was not detected (p>0.05). Besides, the best correction of climacteric vegetative disorders in CG was found in comparison with MG (p<0.05). In MG has been noted significant improvement in physical and mental health disorders and joint and muscle discomfort compared with СG (p <0.05). Recovery of urinary disorders during a month of therapy with MHT drugs was not observed in any group of studied women. Thus, the drug based on tibolone can be recommended for the correction of sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women.
Aberrant glycosylation of brain tumors
Authors: Netronina O. V. , Maslak H. S. , Bondarenko O. S. , Chernousova N. M. , Abraimova O. E.
Published: April 2022

Annotation. On the territory of Ukraine there is an increase in tumors of the central nervous system. Oncological processes are accompanied by disruption of glycosylation processes as well as changes in the configuration of the carbohydrate part of glycoconjugates. Glycosylation of proteins is a posttranslational modification that affects more than half of all known proteins. Glycans covalently linked to biomolecules modulate their functions through both direct interactions, such as the recognition of glycan structures by binding partners, and indirect mechanisms that control conformation, stability, and protein metabolism. The purpose of this review was to discuss aberrant glycosylation associated with brain cancer. For this purpose, 42 sources from the main databases (Elsevier, Pubmed, Web of Science, Google Scholar) for 2016-2022 were used. Altered sialylation and fucosylation of N- and O-glycans play a certain role in the development and progression of brain cancer. Glycans affect various aspects of tissue development, storing a large amount of biochemical information that can be used to discover new biomarkers. The development of universal and accurate glycoanalytical platforms is crucial to provide the scientific community with reliable tools for disclosing biochemical information encoded by glycans.
Komut Satırı Arayüzü Terimleri
Authors: ŞAHİN Veysel Harun
Published: April 2022

Bir bilgisayar en basit ifadesi ile kullanıcıdan komut alan, aldığı komuta göre hesaplama yapan, veri işleyen ve ürettiği sonucu yine kullanıcıya çıktı olarak veren cihazdır. Bilgisayarlar kullanıcıdan girdi almak ve ürettikleri sonucu kullanıcıya çıktı olarak vermek için arayüzlere ihtiyaç duyarlar. Bu arayüzlere kullanıcı arayüzü denir. Özetle, bilgisayarlar kullanıcı arayüzleri vasıtasıyla kullanıcı ile etkileşim kurarlar. Kullanıcı arayüzlerinin bir çeşidi komut satırı arayüzüdür. Bu makalede komut satırı arayüzlerine ilişkin uçbirim, konsol, uçbirim öykünücüsü ve kabuk terimleri ortaya konulmuş ve kullanılması önerilmiştir.
SÜLEYMAN-NÂME-İ KEBİR (40. CİLT)’DE ÇOKANLAMLILIĞI SAĞLAYAN UNSURLAR: DEYİM AKTARMALARI (METAFOR) VE AD AKTARMALAR (METONİM)
Authors: YİĞİT Hayrettin
Published: April 2022

Çokanlamlılığın temel unsurlarından olan anlam aktarımları, bağlam içerisinde güçlü ve etkileyici bir anlatım gerçekleştirmek amacıyla kelimelerin yeni anlamlar kazanmasıyla meydana gelen anlam olaylarıdır. Anlam değişmelerine yol açtığı için de dilbilimcilerin üzerinde araştırma yaptığı bir konu olmuştur. Reisig ve Breal’in çalışmalarından itibaren anlambilim çalışmaları içerisinde yer almış ve deyim aktarmaları (metafor) ve ad aktarmaları (metonim) başlıkları altında ele alınmıştır. 15. yüzyılın sonu ile 16. yüzyılın başında didaktik ve öyküleyici anlatımın özelliklerini içeren 81 ciltlik Süleyman-nâme adlı eserde sanatsal anlatımı sağlayan birçok unsur karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Hz. Süleyman ile ilgili bütün dinî rivâyetleri, hikâyeleri bir araya toplamış olan bu eserde, tarihî, efsanevî ve mitolojik şahıslara ve onların maceralarına ilişkin birçok hikâyeye yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca Hz. Süleyman’ın hayatı anlatılırken fıkıh, hadis, tefsir, tasavvuf, hendese, nücūm, geometri, felsefe, tıp, botanik, zooloji, astronomiyle ilgili birçok alanda bilgiler aktarılmıştır. Firdevsî Türkçe, Arapça, Farsça dillerinin özelliklerinin harmanlandığı bu eserinde Türkçenin yaratıcı ve üretici yönünü ortaya çıkaran birçok anlam olayına yer vermiştir. Eserin manzum ve mensur bölümlerinde eserin sanatsal yönünü güçlendirmek, anlatımı etkileyici hâle getirmek için anlam aktarmalarına başvurmuştur. Metinde yer alan metafor ve metonim örnekleri, Süleyman Peygamber’in sosyal ve kültürel yaşamının özelliklerine uygun bir şekilde oluşturulmuştur. Bu makalede de Süleyman-name-i Kebir’in 40. cildinden alınan örneklerle deyim aktarmaları (metafor) ve ad aktarmalarının (metonim) metnin anlamını etkileyen özellikleri ortaya çıkarılmıştır.