bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The fast and the curious: Creative improvisation as action-oriented abduction
Authors: Linson Adam , Schulkin Jay , Clark Andy
Published: November 2022

Improvisation, understood as a skillful activity, suggests a tension between the constitutive roles of habit and creativity. Cognitive and phenomenological accounts of skill acquisition point to the importance of developing habitual responses that facilitate fluid performance. Yet, habit formation is associated with repetitive behavior. Seemingly at odds with repetition, spontaneous invention is often regarded as the basis of improvising creatively. The puzzle – how habit and creativity relate in skillful improvisation – is resolved by drawing on a view of the brain as an embodied, predictive organ, entangled in cultural scaffolding, and perpetually engaged in inference. This view is in part rooted in the pragmatist tradition, as is a large body of work on music. By combining these strands of theoretical and empirical research, an account of action-oriented abduction is developed and applied to an illustrative vignette. The resulting application goes beyond existing accounts to articulate an enriched sense of creative improvisation.
Women and Their Childcare Needs: Assessing Childcare Provisioning in India through a Gendered Lens
Authors: Trust Institute of Social Studies , Banerjee Monika
Published: November 2022

In September 2018, Institute of Social Studies Trust (ISST), as part of its broad objective of understanding and highlighting barriers to women’s economic empowerment, organized a two-day national workshop on ‘Women and their childcare needs’. The aim of this workshop was to collate existing evidence that support universal child care provisioning as one of the strategies to achieve women’s economic empowerment and also highlight evidence required to build more support for the call for universal child care services. As an output of this workshop, it was decided that it would be useful to juxtapose the rich discussion output of the workshop with findings from recent empirical studies in form of a paper, in order to create new evidence that can re-iterate the need to look at substantial child care support as an important strategy to ease the burden of work on women.
CovidTube: Mapping information segregation on YouTube
Authors: Keijzer Marijn A , Golan Emily , Coiciu Ana , Burgerhof Bram L. , Llulla Anjeza , Faber Yvonne
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic set the stage for a range of new conspiracy theories and extreme beliefs. Social media in general, and YouTube in particular, play a decisive role in the spreading of fringe content by not suppressing or even boosting the spread of such information. Users are predisposed to consume extreme content, creators prey on the emotions of users and game the algorithm to increase their popularity, and recommendation algorithms create feedback loops of progressively extreme content or ‘radicalization pipelines’. All three forces together may create information ‘bubbles’ that bias individual beliefs. We know, however, very little about the degree of information segregation and the structure of recommendation flows on YouTube, despite the platform’s position as the second most visited website in the world.This study maps the structure of COVID-19 information as a network of videos connected by inter-video recommendations. We collected nearly 10,000 videos and up to 20 recommendation links per video using COVID-related search terms on the YouTube API. To understand the structure of the graph we employed a mixed methods approach, using, a combination of quantitative graph analysis techniques and qualitative descriptions. We manually labeled the content of over a third of all videos and enriched the data further by merging with ideological labels from the Recfluence dataset. We then mapped these labels to pockets of videos that are well-connected to each other, as revealed by a community detection algorithm. Descriptive analyses of topical homogeneity within clusters of videos are supplemented with qualitative characterizations of the communities and the most important ‘bridging’ and ‘switching’ nodes within them. Contrary to popular beliefs about YouTube’s tendency to create informational ‘rabbit holes’ or ‘radicalization pipelines’, we find no evidence for algorithmic bias that would push users towards the consumption of fringe content.
Friedrich Nietzche's Perspective of Human Morals: The Case of Police Officers
Authors: Pandin Maria Ardiningsih
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the analysis study is to find out the moral problems of the police officers in the FS case with the moral perspective of master and slave Friedrich Nietzsche. The results of the study found that FS is included in the master's morals. The lesson that can be drawn from the FS case is that your morals must be followed by a clean conscience so that behavior based on your morals does not injure humanity, especially human rights, namely the right to life.
Dividend Decisions and Economic Value-Added of Firms in Kenya
Authors: Kasidi Khamis , Riwegho Saumu Amir , Omar Ahmed Mohamed , Kamau Charles Guandaru
Published: November 2022

Creating corporate value is one of the organization's primary priorities. As the value of the company increases, shareholders will receive additional benefits. The result of empirically based research is a substantial body of literature on dividend policy. There are two major schools of thought in the research: one argues that a company's dividend policy influences its value, while the other maintains that it has no effect on it. After many years of research, no agreement has been reached, and scholars cannot even agree on the same empirical evidence. Over the years, a variety of theories about the potential influence of dividend choices on a company's total wealth and performance have been developed, with varying degrees of success. Numerous financial ideas and models were put forth, and the business sector later used them. It is still unclear, despite several studies, how dividend decisions impact the share price of the firm and the overall wealth of shareholders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between business valuation and dividend policy choices. Several studies indicate a statistically significant positive correlation between the dividend policy and return on equity. As a result, raising dividend payments will help the business succeed. A substantial body of evidence, however, suggests a conflict between firm profitability and dividend payout. As a result, when companies pay dividends, their retained earnings are impacted, which affects their expected internal profitability.
The piecemeal evolution of writing
Authors: Morin Olivier
Published: November 2022

This paper argues that writing evolved gradually and in piecemeal fashion. Literacy as we know and use it is made up of at least three distinct features: it is a glottography (a notation of language), it is a generalist code that can note down anything we can say, and it is a form of asynchronous communication—a way of conveying information to other people across space and across time. This combination of features is uniquely powerful; but this does not mean the three features evolved together, or for the same reasons. Glottography, generality, and asynchronous use evolved out of pace with one another. Two huge lags separate, first, the invention of glottography from its generalisation beyond proper names, second, the existence of writing as a generalist tool from the routinisation of its asynchronous use. At each step the inventors of writing responded to distinct and specific pressures. The originators of glottography were not necessarily aware of their invention’s potential beyond the notation of proper names. Those who developed writing into a generalist tool, capable of encoding anything that can be said, were unlikely to anticipate that the code they were using as an accompaniment to oral recitations, or as a reminder of the transactions they took part in, would come to be used in a quite different way¬—to store information for the benefit of distant recipients to whom the information would be new.
What explains the low labor force participation of refugee women? Evidence on Syrians in the Netherlands
Authors: van der Zwan Roos , van Tubergen Frank
Published: November 2022

This study examines the variations in the labor market position of Syrian refugee women in the Netherlands, who are at a particular disadvantage compared to refugee men, non-refugee migrants and the ethnic majority population. We examine the disadvantaged position of Syrian refugee women by focusing on origin and host country human capital, the family situation, visible Muslim identity, and gender roles. In contrast to earlier studies, we not only study whether women are employed, but also examine the work intentions of unemployed women. We rely on the survey ‘New Permit holders in the Netherlands’ (NSN 2017-2019), a large-scale, nationally representative survey of recently arrived Syrians in the Netherlands. Results show that work experience in the country of origin and a better command of the Dutch language contribute to employment among Syrian refugee women. Among those who are unemployed, we find that women with young children at home and women wearing a hijab indicate that they were unable to work, whereas traditional gender roles are associated with unwillingness to work. This study therefore shows the importance of human capital for refugee women’s employment and that the presence of young children, wearing a hijab and traditional gender roles are significant explanations for their low labour force participation.
School Climate and Emotional Wellbeing
Authors: Milam Lauren , Butler Aaron James , Vanderhaar Judi
Published: November 2022

Existing research indicates that positive school climate reduces teacher burnout. Presently, burnout is driving educators to leave the field at record levels. Many policymakers are focusing efforts on reducing burnout, however, rather than focus on the negative outcome, we aim to focus on the more positive construct: wellbeing. This study reports findings of the KY school culture survey, Impact KY. Using two measures, school climate and emotional wellbeing, we test two hypotheses: (1) there is a positive relationship between school climate and educator emotional wellbeing on the 2022 Impact KY survey and (2) positive school climate in 2020 reduced the pandemic-related decline in schoolwide emotional well-being. We use multivariate regression models with district-level fixed effects to find support for both hypotheses. 2022 climate predicted more positive wellbeing and 2020 climate predicted more positive changes in emotional wellbeing from 2020 to 2022. These findings are particularly important given the state of the teaching workforce and suggest that school and district leaders should focus on building and maintaining a positive school climate to support educator wellbeing and career longevity.
Discourse and Policy Development: Haringey Development Vehicle as a Represented Problem
Authors: Sindhwani Anil
Published: November 2022

Conventional interpretations of public and social housing—embedded in wider neoliberal and capitalist discourses—are not just ‘out there’, existing on their own. In fact, they are constructed by specific forces within and without political discourse. Existing work on public housing policy generally ignores the relationship between policy development and discourse, thereby taking the social problems addressed by such policies as natural and granted. By critically interrogating lodged assumptions, uncovering underlying theories, and peeling back the layers of discourse, this work builds on existing literature by using Bacchi’s What’s the problem represented to be? (WPR) discourse analysis method, which has its roots in Foucauldian discourse analysis. Used in housing studies and other domains, WPR is here applied to the Haringey Development Vehicle (HDV), a £2 billion joint venture considered by the Haringey Council, which was intended to regenerate significant portions of the Borough. WPR is used to uncover key rationalisations within the Council’s written documents. In doing so, the following topics are discussed, among others: governmentality, marketisation and privatisation, and neoliberal problematisations. Finally, this study investigates the complicated relationship between history, policy, and discourse.
How Did the Great Recession Affect Inequalities in Entry to Tertiary Education? Evidence from 31 Countries
Authors: Lindemann Kristina , Gangl Markus
Published: November 2022

This study examines how macroeconomic conditions affect inequality of educational opportunity. Using longitudinal data from 30 European countries and the United States, we study the effect of changing unemployment rates on the extent of social inequality in postsecondary transitions in the period (2004-2016), which includes the Great Recession. The findings from multilevel models with country fixed effects show that rising unemployment rates tend to increase social inequalities in postsecondary enrolment, as youth from low-educated families have increased risk for exclusion from both employment and education, while the likelihood of enrolment slightly rises for youth from higher-educated families. Yet, economic downturns also incentivize youth whose parents have middle level of education to opt for postsecondary education, especially in contexts where tertiary education is more affordable. Our findings suggest that changing opportunity costs and economic insecurity are the relevant factors to explain changing inequalities in access to higher education during a recession.
Utilizing CMHS GPRA NOMs in the Evaluation of a Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinic (CCBHC) Implementation
Authors: Kelly Andrew J.
Published: November 2022

A white paper on utilizing the CMHS GPRA NOMs Interview data during the implementation of the Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinic (CCBHC) Model in community behavioral/mental health settings.
Migrant Labour and Integration in the Russian Federation
Authors: Privalko Ivan
Published: November 2022

This article compares the labor market outcomes of migrants in Russia to the non-migrant population. It considers human capital theory and integration theory while measuring differences between migrants and non-migrants in employment, work contracts, and wages. It relies on a rich source of longitudinal micro-data, the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. Results show that migrants have high levels of employment but that certain groups are disproportionally likely to fall into unofficial employment when compared to nonmigrants. Results further show that migrants report higher earnings than both non-migrants and internalmigrants; suggesting that migrant workers seek a premium to come to Russia.
Frequency of isolated bacteria from positive blood cultures and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in Afshar Hospital of Yazd
Authors: Akhondimeybodi Zohre , Ayatollahi Jamshid , Niri Hamideh Dehghan , Hamidfar Mahdie , Shahcheraghi Seyed Hossein
Published: November 2022

Septicemia or blood infection is one of the most serious infectious diseases that if not diagnosed quickly and treated properly, will lead to high complications and mortality. Also, the growing trend of antibiotic resistance and the importance of choosing the right initial antimicrobial treatment identify the need to determine the frequency bacteria isolated from positive blood cultures and study their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. This study investigated Frequency of isolated bacteria from positive blood culture and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in Afshar Hospital of Yazd. This cross-sectional study was performed during 24 months. Positive blood culture samples of patients were examined and the results related to bacterial type, antibiotic susceptibility and resistance, and age and sex of patients were evaluated using SPSS. According to the results of antibiogram test, a gram-positive strain were most sensitive groups to rifampin and vancomycin and among gram-negative strains was most sensitivity to amikacin and gentamicin. It should be considered as key point that the sensitivity against an antibiotic is important and consumption rate is more significant for preventing the resistance to it.
PRICING IN THE SYSTEM OF STATE SUPPORT MEASURES FOR THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors: Miroshnichenko Nadezhda , Maksimov Vladimir
Published: November 2022

Introduction. A system of measures to support both agriculture and the agro-industrial complex of the country as a whole, on the part of the state, in particular, financial measures that make up its pricing policy in this area of regulation. The paper studies pricing features in the system of the agro-industrial sector of the national economy and proposes its fundamental principles for their further use in the development of the state agro-industrial pricing policy. Methodology. The article uses a literature review of the forms and measures of state support for domestic agriculture and the agro-industrial complex of the country as a whole. The authors relied on works published in peer-reviewed domestic publications, the selection of sources was carried out in scientometric databases using search queries containing synonymous constructions. Results. Scientific substantiation and formulation of the system of fundamental principles of pricing organization in the field of agriculture and the entire national agro-industrial complex. Conclusions. The identification of a group of basic principles in the field of justifying prices for agricultural products will ensure the systematic and scientific validity of the development of state programs of financial support for the sustainable development of agriculture as the core of the domestic agro-industrial complex.
WEPP model prediction evaluation of soil water content in northeast Uruguay
Authors: Blanco Carlos Nicolás , Pérez Mario , Bentancur Oscar
Published: November 2022

WEPP is a process-based model that estimates runoff and water erosion at slope level, maintaining a soil water balance at daily pace. The objective of this work is to adjust and validate the water balance component of the WEPP model in two watershed management situations (afforestation and natural grassland field) to obtain an adjusted tool that determines runoff and erosion. Soil water content data measured with neutron probe 4 times in the year down to 1.3 m depth during 10 years were used, and were compared with WEPP estimates. The results indicate that the WEPP estimations were not good (Efficiency coefficient (E) = 0.03, -1.29, -0.01, -1.74, 0.17 and -0.08 for the profiles) in high slope (C), average slope (D) and low slope (F), in the Grassland and afforested watershed, respectively, with an E considered insufficient and with periods of over and underestimation water content for both management situations. A better fit was obtained by eliminating the data outside of the calibration line in the profile C, with no improvement for the D and F profiles in both management situations. The results indicate that parameters such as evapotranspiration and WEPP equations must be adjusted to achieve better performance.
Estrategias para reducir la pérdida y el desperdicio de frutas y hortalizas en las últimas etapas de la cadena agroalimentaria: avances y desafíos
Authors: Giménez Ana María , Montoli Pablo , Curutchet María Rosa , Ares Gastón
Published: November 2022

Las consecuencias ambientales, económicas y sociales de la pérdida y el desperdicio de alimentos despiertan gran preocupación a nivel mundial. Las frutas y las hortalizas ocupan el segundo lugar con relación a pérdidas y desperdicios de alimentos, que ocurren principalmente en la etapa de postcosecha. En este contexto, el presente artículo busca discutir los determinantes del desperdicio de frutas y hortalizas en las últimas etapas de la cadena agroalimentaria, tanto a nivel de comercialización minorista como de consumo en los hogares, y presentar estrategias e intervenciones que han demostrado ser efectivas para disminuirlo. Si bien los determinantes de la pérdida y el desperdicio de frutas y hortalizas son diversos, los estrictos requisitos de calidad por comerciantes y consumidores tienen un rol fundamental en las últimas etapas de la cadena agroalimentaria. A nivel internacional se han implementado diversas estrategias para disminuir dichas pérdidas y desperdicios, aunque la evidencia sobre su eficacia es aún limitada. Entre las estrategias con mayor potencial se encuentran mejoras en la logística y la infraestructura, campañas de comunicación, reducción de precio, así como estrategias de redistribución y reutilización. En particular, la implementación de campañas de comunicación con mensajes que afectan positivamente la percepción de calidad asociada a frutas y hortalizas con imperfecciones estéticas o mensajes relativos a la sustentabilidad ambiental han demostrado tener un impacto positivo en el comportamiento del consumidor. En lo que respecta a la reducción de precio, si bien puede favorecer la compra, puede también señalar simultáneamente una calidad inferior. Esto sugiere la necesidad de combinar la reducción de precio con estrategias de comunicación para lograr el impacto buscado. A su vez, las estrategias que hacen foco en la redistribución y la reutilización de frutas y hortalizas han dado lugar a la aparición de emprendimientos sociales variados que han logrado un impacto positivo, tanto en términos de reducción de pérdidas como de contribución a la seguridad alimentaria. A partir de la evidencia disponible, en el presente trabajo se presentan recomendaciones para la aplicación de las estrategias antes mencionadas en el contexto local.
Nutrients and bioactive compounds naturally packed in fruits and vegetables: an innovative tool for public policies
Authors: Zaccari Veiga Fernanda Isabel , Saadoun Ali , Cabrera Bascardal María Cristina
Published: November 2022

Fruit and vegetable consumption contributes essential nutrients and bioactive compounds to maintain optimal health, with a positive impact on the physical, mental, and social life. Evidence shows that the daily intake of different vegetables mitigates the risk of micronutrient deficiencies and non-communicable, chronic, serious, and/or fatal diseases. To promote consumption, public policies require knowledge of fruit and vegetable properties, nutrient content, and the particular effects on the new aspects of life quality such as antiaging or immunity and the impact of agricultural practices, processing, conservation and domestic preparation on these properties. The first section of this review emphasizes the nutrient content in fruits and vegetables, functional bioactive compounds, bio-accessibility, and alterations induced by production systems and/or postharvest storage, variety, and fruit or vegetable physiological state. A second and special section deals with fruits and vegetables produced in Uruguay, showing recent research carried out in the country, and a third section refers to the perspectives for the application of public policies and promotional policies for consumers, of this special health marker associated with vegetables.
The Arapey group
Authors: Bossi J. , Schpilov A.
Published: November 2022

With the increasing demand of drinking water for agricultural use, takes special importance the geological and hydrogeological knowledge of the infrabasaltic aquifer known as Guaraní Aquifer in the South Cone. The different stratigraphic concepts historically managed for the geological formations of the top of Gondwana Supergroup in Uruguay, carrying great volumes of groundwater with thermal potential, agricultural use (irrigation) and urban supply are discussed. Geological units of Guaraní Aquifer are described: Buena Vista, Cuchilla Ombú, Tacuarembó and Rivera Formations.
Geometry  and thickness of its confining unit - Arapey group - condition the economic possibilities of taking advantages using groundwater from Guaraní Aquifer. Such group has been divided - according to lithostructural criteria - on six formations for which a brief description is given.
A preliminary tridimensional geometry of Arapey group´s basaltic lava and its relation with Guaraní Aquifer is showed. This geometry is related to the basaltic thickness to cross in a borehole in order to obtain groundwater with an error margin of about 30 meters. This is very relevant, specialy in lithosol zones of the basaltic area, where the installation of irrigation systems would mean a sustancial agrarian improvement in these areas.
Classifying Uruguayan maize collection to develop a core collection
Authors: Malosetti M. , Abadie T.
Published: November 2022

Core Collections were suggested to improve germplasm utilization. A Core Collection is a subset of reduced size, chosen to represent the diversity of a collection with a minimum of redundancies. Because diversity is distributed between and within groups with different degrees of organization, accessions should be classified adequately into related groups before the selection of a Core Collection. In this research, different classification strategies for the Uruguayan Maize Collection were compared, and the best was used to select a Core Collection. The following classification strategies were compared following a multivariate approach using the available maize data base: i) racial classification, ii) geographic origin (south and north of the country), and iii) a combination of kernel type and geographic origin. The third option was considered the best classification criterion, since it takes into account two points which are closely related to the distribution of diversity: genotypic composition and geographical origin. The following five groups were identified in the collection: a) Pop, b) Floury, e) Dent, d) Southern Flint-semiflints, and e) Northern Flint-semiflints. A total of 90 accessions were selected to constitute the Uruguayan Maize Core Collection. Each group was represented in the Core in proportion to the logarithm of its size. The ranges of 17 variables in the Core were compared with those in the entire collection to verify the representativeness of the subset. On average, 91.2% of the ranges were retained in the Core, confirming its representativeness.
CH4 and N2O Emissions in a Rice Field
Authors: Irisarri Pilar , Pereyra Virginia , Fernández Ana , Terra José , Tarlera Silvana
Published: November 2022

Irrigated rice fields are major sources of two important greenhouse gases (GHG), methane and nitrous oxide. As an initial step towards obtaining local information, emissions of CH4 and N2O from rice paddy soil were measured by the static chamber technique in greenhouse and field experiments conducted in eastern Uruguay. In the greenhouse experiment, the effect of two flooding moments (21 and 45 days after emergence) and nitrogen fertilization (0 and 50 kg N ha-1) on gas emissions was studied. Early flooding and nitrogen fertilization tended to increase N2O emissions. In the field experiment, effect of winter soil cover crop and nitrogen fertilization (0 and 82 kg N ha-1) were tested. Higher CH4 fluxes were observed mainly during the reproductive stage of the plant in the N-fertilized treatment with ryegrass winter crop. N2O flux peaked at flushing. Results indicate that the use of cover crops might increase GHG emissions during the rice cycle. Despite differences in agronomic management practices employed in Uruguay, CH4 and N2O fluxes are within magnitudes previously reported for rice fields worldwide.
Exploring Alternatives for Sustainable Development of Mixed Vegetable Beef-cattle Family Farm Systems in Southern Uruguay
Authors: Aguerre Verónica , Chilibroste Pablo , Casagrande Marion , Dogliotti Santiago
Published: November 2022

Sustainability of most vegetable family farms in Southern Uruguay is threatened by low income and the deterioration of natural resources. This study quantified the effect of the inclusion of different alternatives of livestock production in the structure, and economic and environmental performance of different types of vegetable farms. Based on two farms as case studies, we conducted a model based exploratory study at farm scale. The results suggested that the inclusion of livestock production in vegetable family farms is a key factor in reducing erosion of the cultivated area. To reduce erosion, the model reduced the area of vegetables per farm, while expanding the area of forage production. As a consequence, family farm income (IF) was reduced between 12 % and 31 % depending on the case studied. However, we could design production systems with erosion lower than the tolerance limit for the soil type and higher IF, relative to the target, in both farms. From the livestock production alternatives evaluated, the most appropriate ones to include in vegetable production systems are fattening steers or heifers in cycles of 14 to 18 months, due to lower cost for restocking and less use of concentrates, reducing capital requirements and dependence on external inputs.
Preliminary Study of Prolificacy and Maternal Ability on Six Sheep Biotypes in Uruguay
Authors: Banchero Georgget , Vázquez Andrés , Irarí Natalia , Ciappesoni Gabriel , Quintans Graciela
Published: November 2022

The results of the first evaluation of the Prolific Sheep Project of INIA (2008-2011) demonstrated that the crossbred biotypes Corriedale by East Friesian or Corriedale by Finnish Landrace weaned 60 % more lambs than pure Corriedale and, on the other hand, the crossbred East Friesian by Finnish Landrace weaned 85 % more than pure Corriedale. However, and under the same productive conditions, the behavior at lambing and colostrum production of these new biotypes are unknown. In order to find out, an experiment was conducted at INIA La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay (34°S; 57°O) where 61 female lambs 4-6 teeth born in the spring of 2010 were evaluated. Two pure breeds were used: Corriedale (C.C) and East Friesian (M.M), and the crosses Finnish Landrace x Corriedale (F.C), East Friesian x Corriedale (M.C), 3/4 East Friesian - 1/4 Finnish Landrace (M.(F.M)), 7/8 Finnish Landrace - 1/8 Corriedale (F.(FxF.C)), mated with Texel rams. The increase in Finnish blood resulted in more prolificacy (2.2; 2.3 and 2.4 for 1/4; 1/2 and 7/8 Finnish with lighter lambs and less lambing assistance. Both half and pure East Friesian had similar and moderate prolificacy (1.8 M.C and 1.7 M.M) whereas lambing assistance was high. Colostrum production and composition was similar between biotypes, with the exception of M.M, that produced more. There were no differences in placental efficiency between biotypes. Birth weight of lambs affected their behavior in the first hour of life, specifically the time from birth to first stand up to suckle.
Carcass attributes in breeding objectives and selection criteria for british breeds in Uruguay
Authors: Urioste J. I. , Ponzoni R. W. , Aguirrezabala M. , Rovere G. , Saavedra D.
Published: November 2022

This study considered the inclusion of carcass attributes in breeding objectives and selection criteria developed for pasture-fed Uruguayan production systems for beef cattle, based on British breeds. Correlated responses in dressing percentage (DP), eye rib area (ERA) and dorsal fat depth (DFD) were determined, when these traits are not formally included in the breeding objective. Addition of DP in the breeding objective, which also included growth, reproduction and feed intake traits, was studied. Genetic change in each trait when using selection indices that included growth (G), growth plus reproduction (GR) and growth plus reproduction plus carcass measures (GRC, where ERA and DFD were obtained by ultrasound techniques) was evaluated. The correlated response in carcass traits when they were not included in the breeding objective was insignificant or very small. When included in the breeding objective, DP showed the lowest economic-genetic importance in relation to other growth, reproduction and feed intake traits. Index GR showed a genetic gain of 94% over that produced by index G, whereas index GRC only showed a superiority of 16% over index GR. Carcass attributes are not expected to deteriorate, even when they were not included in the breeding objective. Inclusion of DP as the only carcass trait in the objective is of secondary importance in beef cattle selection.
Dairy farm management
Authors: Piñeiro D. , Chiappe M. , Graña F.
Published: November 2022

The technological model applied during the last years in Uruguayan dairy production has made it possible to consolidate the efficiency and productivity of dairy farmers. Although for many dairy producers there is still room to incorporate new production techniques, the most advanced producers seem to have reached their ceiling in the possibilities of improving the recommended technological package for dairy production. In consequence, for these farmers, keeping economic records is becoming increasingly important at the planning and decision-making stages. In this study, we describe in the first place the different behaviors of dairy producers from the perspective of the management of their farms, and we identify the variables that are underlying these diverse behaviors. In the second place, we construct a typology of dairy farmers, distinguishing four categories: (1) Disintegrating farmers, (2) Agribusiness wage-laborers, (3) Quasi-entrepreneurs, and (4) Diversified entrepreneurs. Finally, the study concludes with some thoughts regarding the feasibility of using physical, economic and financial records for each of the identified types of dairy farmers.
First record for Uruguay of Brassolis astyra Godart (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Brassolinae)
Authors: Bentancourt C. M. , Scatoni I. B.
Published: November 2022

Brassolis astyra Godart is reported for the first time in three localities of Uruguay. This species is found on different native and exotic palm trees causing severe damage.
Latin America and its plant genetic richness
Authors: Díaz Maynard A.
Published: November 2022

Latin America’s plant genetic richness and its contribution to the world's diet, are presented. Some acute problems of the modern world are described, namely genetic erosion and controversies on the appropriation of plant genetic resources. A diagram is proposed for the management of plant genetic resources, from collection to productive use. The current situation regarding the phases of this process is analyzed for Latin America, with emphasis in southern countries; this analysis indicates that the collection effort is disproportionately large in relation to the final products obtained (domestication and productive use of native species). The domestication of particular species is discussed, focusing on the historic case of yerba mate (Ilex paraguayensis). The plant genetic resources of Uruguay are discussed in detail; it is pointed out that the identification of species was completed several decades ago, and that cases of domestication of new species are scarce. Reflections and proposals are made towards the integration and speeding up of different phases of the process leading to plant genetic resource utilization. These proposals should be oriented by long-term regional goals, and applicable to specific sustainable production systems. Emphasis is placed on the need for cultural change among political and technical decision-makers, leading to a reappraisal of priorities, and the establishment of appropriate strategies. To be successful, these strategies need to gather strong support, both from the governmental sector and from farmers and local communities. It is concluded that bringing about change towards the successful use of Latin American plant genetic resources constitutes a major challenge to our political-technical creativity.
The Impact of Self - Esteem on Life Satisfaction: A Study of College Students in Vietnam
Authors: Dao Thu Trang , Ha Kieu Anh , Nguyen Thi Bich Thuy , Truong Quoc Huy , Le Vuong Hung , Dang Vu Ngoc Mai , Nguyen Chi Mai
Published: November 2022

Mental health has become a hot topic of young people in modern life, especially since the growth of social media. However, the number of studies on this topic in Vietnam is still very limited. This study aimed to investigate the impact of self-esteem on life satisfaction - one dimension of mental health. Research data was collected through survey questionnaires from 301 university students in the North of Vietnam. Analysis by quantitative methods with the support of SPSS 26, including: reliability test (Cronbach's alpha), scale quality assessment (EFA), correlation regression (Pearson) and univariate regression. The results show that self-esteem has a positive impact on life satisfaction. From there, some implications for improving the life satisfaction index of Vietnamese students are given.
A Critical Review of Simulation-Based Medical Education: An Advanced Opportunity for Next Generation of Medical Education
Authors:   Auctores Publishing LLC, Lu Yun , Hu Chenxiao , Wang Kanghua , Zhang Xinlong , Wang Jianlin , Lei Ting , Tai Natalie , Guang Qi
Published: November 2022

Mistakes made by medical personnel may cause numerous medical errors and accidents, resulting in the death of patients. Therefore, it is imperative to increase overall medical knowledge and to improve the medical skills of caregivers during their education and training. Simulation-Based Medical Education (SBME) is a compelling method for medical training; it not only improves medical education quality and trainee confidence but also reduces medical error risk and keeps patients safe, increasing patients’ satisfaction. SBME provides valuable tools to address realistic, challenging problems in medical education. Multiple factors are carefully evaluated and incorporated into the simulator design to most accurately mimic the real clinical situation and to measure the teamwork competency and learning objectives. Those practices include performance designs, a virtual platform for invasive medical procedures and noninvasive medical operations, psychology simulation, the combination of simulation and live/replayed surgery observation, and platform real force feedback. Simulation is the key element for SBME. The use of simulation in education ensures compliance with the established norms for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and some specific emergency cases. Trainees can repeatedly practice and learn from SBME without the risk of medical accidents. Improving the design of simulators with sufficient fidelity to the clinical events, in reality, will improve the quality of SBME.
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in tuberculosis (Case Report)
Authors:   Auctores Publishing LLC, Shani Marsela , Jaka GP Drita
Published: November 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease in both developing and developed countries. The incidence is increasing due to bacilli resistant to many drugs and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Since 2012, India has the highest incidence of the disease at around 2.2 million cases, accounting for 26% of the global incidence according to World Health Organization statistics. A wide range of hematological manifestations is observed in TB, where thrombocytopenia is common in miliary TB and thrombocytosis in pulmonary TB. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterized by a low platelet count accompanied by the presence of autoantibodies. The association of immune thrombocytopenic purpura and tuberculosis is a rare condition. In the case presented, anti-tuberculosis therapy was effective for both tuberculosis and thrombocytopenia, suggesting a causal link between tuberculosis and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Purpose: Reporting a case of association of PTI and TBC Method: Clinical case study and correlation with literature Discussion: The pathophysiology of thrombocytopenia in tuberculosis remains unanswered. This is a rare condition, estimated to occur in less than 1% of tuberculosis cases. Mycobacterium tuberculosis can break down the antigen with platelets leading to the formation of antiplatelet antibodies. HLA-specific presentation of tuberculosis may also lead to an antiplatelet immune response in some patients.
Multiple brain abscesses in a newborn with Down syndrome: heart disease or meningeal infection?
Authors:   Auctores Publishing LLC, Bennaoui F. , Saadi K. , Slitine N. , Maoulainaine FMR
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Cerebral abscess is a rare pathology in the newborn, most often secondary to meningeal involvement, but congenital heart disease is to be feared. Objectives: To review a case of multiple cerebral abscesses in the newborn with a doubtful diagnosis through a clinical case. Observation: Newborn at D6 of life, from a fullterm pregnancy, with a negative infectious anamnesis, admitted for fever at 38. The first one appeared at D4 of life, in whom the clinical examination found an icteric newborn, with a trisomic face, tachycardia at 180bpm, axial hypotonia, FANT and RS+, systolic cardiac murmur and light sub-costal draught. In front of this picture, a lumbar puncture was carried out objectifying a lymphocytic meningitis, At J8 of life, the newborn presented a convulsion, An ETF was carried out objectifying a hypoechogenic image with hyperchogenic border in cocarde evoking an abces confirmed by CT. The echocardium performed as part of the etiological workup, objective a single ventricle, CIA ostium primum large, IVC admission, single atrio ventricular valve, complete atrio ventricular canal, persistence of the ductus arteriosus and Coarctation of the aorta. The newborn was put on parenteral antibiotic therapy based on C3G meningeal dose + vancomycin + metronidazole by intravenous route then oral relay, with a scannographic control and neurological clinical evaluation. In front of this case, the question that arises: are his abscesses secondary to meningitis or to congenital heart disease? Conclusion: Brain abscess is a rare pathology, with heavy after-effects, and the prognosis of patients has improved thanks to the progress of imaging techniques, the use of ATB treatments, and minimally invasive neurosurgery. It is to be feared in front of congenital cardiopathies with right-left shunt.
Near fatal complication during laparoscopic donor nephrectomy early diagnosis and management
Authors:   Auctores Publishing LLC, Singh Sukhvir
Published: November 2022

Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy is widely used surgical procedure in retrieving kidney in transplantation. Living donor is usually healthy with unremarkable medical history and preoperative examination. Usually, these patients do not present as a high risk for anaesthesiologist but surgical complications can occur which can be fatal. We present a case of severe haemorrhage a result of slippage of clip from renal artery stump which was almost a fatal complication. In this case report we focus on vigilant monitoring and early intervention that saves life of a patient.
Fatal Violent discipline in children – Two case reports
Authors:   Auctores Publishing LLC, Janarthanan Venkatesh , S Manivel , V Aravindan , Narayan Pandit Jay , Chandran A Varun , K Gupta Sudhir , Raoof MP Abdul
Published: November 2022

A growing child attains psychological maturity and social skills while interacting with society. A supportive family and social environment will positively influence the child's development. Instead, children are experiencing various forms of abuse, violence, and cruelty. The authors report two such cases of children who were physically assaulted by their biological father and stepfather for disobedience, resulting in death. The autopsy surgeon should focus not only on the obvious external physical signs of violence but also on subtle or concealed signs in suspicious circumstances or incomplete and unreliable history provided by the parents. The article highlights the prevention of violence against children and the role of the autopsy Surgeon in detecting child abuse.
Primary Salivary Gland Neoplasms (Malignant) Epithelial Myoepthial Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors:   Auctores Publishing LLC, Saleh Hadi saeed Amani , Ali Yeslam Nadia
Published: November 2022

Epithelial myoepthial carcinoma (EMEC) is rare, low grad tumor with epithelial and myoepithelial components and frequent local recurrence, also called glycogen rich adenoma (clear cell pattern), myoepithelioma (spindle and plamocytiod patterns), myoepithelial carcinoma (if only myoepithelial differentiation and marked cytologic atypia). Occurs most frequently in the major salivary glands and accounts for approximately 1% of all salivary gland neoplasms that usually occurs in parotid gland but can be occur in variety of sites such as the nasal cavity, paranasal sinus and base of the tong. In fact, due to the rarity of the epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma,there is no uniformity of data in the literature band vary different therapeutic strategies have been suggested.
Paradigma Kedaulatan Pangan Sebagai Landasan Penanggulangan Krisis Pangan Global Dalam Perspektif Negara Hukum Kesejahteraan
Authors: Sibuea Hotma P. , Nainggolan Indra Lorenly , Hutagalung Jantarda Mauli
Published: November 2022

Konstitusi Indonesia mengatur dalam Pasal 28H ayat (1) sebagai berikut “Setiap orang berhak hidup sejahtera lahir dan batin, bertempat tinggal dan  mendapatkan lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat serta berhak memperoleh pelayanan kesehatan.” Prinsip hidup yang sejahtera sebagai hak setiap orang diatur lebih lanjut dalam Pasal 9 ayat (2) UU Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 yang mengatur sebagai berikut “Setiap orang berhak  hidup tenteram, aman, damai, bahagia, sejahtera lahir dan batin”. Salah satu aspek penunjang kehidupan yang sejahtera adalah pangan. Pangan adalah salah satu kebutuhan dasar manusia yang harus terpenuhi supaya dapat hidup sejahtera. Negara dan bangsa Indonesia sangat memahami urgensi pangan dalam kehidupan manusia supaya dapat hidup sejahtera. Atas dasar pemikiran urgensi pangan dalam kehidupan manusia yang sejahtera, Indonesia menetapkan UU Nomor 18 Tahun 2002 tentang Pangan. Negara Indonesia bertekad untuk mencapai cita-cita “kedaulatan pangan” sebagai kondisi ideal yang diharapkan dapat menunjang kesejahteraan bangsa Indonesia. Bangsa Indonesia bertekad untuk berdaulat dalam bidang pangan dalam arti memiliki kemampuan untuk menentukan kebijakan pangan yang menjamin hak atas pangan supaya rakyat Indonesia dapat hidup sejahtera. Namun, dalam realitas, dunia sedang mengalami krisis pangan pada saat sekarang. Kondisi realitas krisis pangan yang melanda dunia pada saat sekarang adalah salah satu agenda yang dipromosikan Presiden Joko Widodo yang menjabat sebagai Presidensi G-20 sebagai salah satu agenda utama pertemuan pada pertemuan G-20 beberapa bulan yang akan dating. Apakah Presiden Joko Widodo sebagai Presidensi G-20 dapat menggalang kesepatan negara G-20 untuk bekerja sama dan kerja bersama meanggulangi krisis pangan dunia sebagai salah satu agenda utama pertemuan G-20? Penelitian ini mempergunakan metode penelitian yuridis-normatif dan metode penelitian lain yang dianggap perlu dan dapat menunjang keberhasilan penelitian. Menurut penulis, sebagai Presidensi G-20, Presiden Joko Widodo akan dapat menggalang kesepakatan negara anggota G-20 untuk bekerja sama dan kerja bersama menanggulangi krisis pangan dunia yang terjadi pada saat sekarang. Alasannya, semua negara anggota G-20 dan semua negara di dunia akan terkena dampak krisis pangan global pada saatnya sehingga jika tidak mau terkena dampak krisis pangan global semua negara anggota G-20 dan negara-negara lain di permukaan bumi harus bekerja sama dan kerja bersama untuk menanggulangi krisis pangan global tersebut. Semua negara anggota G-20 disarankan untuk melakukan langkah-langkah konkrit penanggulangan krisis pangan di negara masing-masing seperti yang sudah dilakukan Indonesia seperti tertuang dalam program Presiden Joko Widodo.