bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXISTENCE OF EVEN PERFECT POLYNOMIALS
Authors:   Univ. Brest UMR CNRS 6205, GALLARDO LUIS H. , RAHAVANDRAINY OLIVIER ,   Univ. Brest UMR CNRS 6205
Published: May 2023

"Perfect polynomials are a natural analogue (in the ring Fp[x]) of multiperfect numbers (in the ring of integers). The latter numbers are classical objects that are poorly understood, since only their definition is simple. We describe, by elementary methods, the most basic objects in the polynomial case of the general problem. We display, for every prime number p ̸≡ 1mod 12 (resp. p ̸≡ 1mod 24) many new even non-splitting perfect (resp. unitary perfect) polynomials over Fp. Moreover, for any prime number p ̸≡ 1mod 24, new bi-unitary perfect polynomials are also given. These examples substantially improve our knowledge about these kinds of polynomials."
"ADJOINT PREENVELOPES AND ADJOINT PRECOVERS IN THE FUNCTOR CATEGORY"
Authors:   Lanzhou Jiaotong University, GUO SHOUTAO , YANG XIAOYAN ,   Northwest Normal University
Published: May 2023

"Adjoint preenvelopes and adjoint precovers are defined in the category of functors by replacing the functor Hom with ⊗. We investigate the existence and basic properties of adjoint preenvelopes and adjoint precovers. The F-projective (F-injective, F-flat) functors introduced by Mao are characterized in terms of adjoint preenvelopes and adjoint precovers. We obtain relationships among adjoint preenvelopes, adjoint precovers, preenvelopes and precovers."
DETEKSI DAN KUANTIFIKASI RHODAMIN B PADA PRODUK LIPSTIK TANPA NOMOR NOTIFIKASI BPOM YANG BEREDAR DI PASAR MALAM KECAMATAN PALARAN SAMARINDA
Authors: Juliyanti Juliyanti , Karimah Umul , Apriyani Lina
Published: May 2023

Rhodamine B is one of chemical compound that is the most widely used in lipstick sold in have no a notification number from the drug and food regulatory agency, with physical characteristics that have a very light color and then when applied to the skin it is difficult to remove the traces. This research purposed to determine the presence of Rhodamine B in lipstick from the characteristics of lipstick containing Rhodamine B and to know the concentration of Rhodamine B in the sample. The method used in this study is qualitative and quantitative, with the selection of samples by purposive sampling. Qualitative identification in this study using a Rhodamine B test kit, meanwhile quantitative identification using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry.
The results of the qualitative test using the Rhodamine B Test Kit contained 4 positive samples, sample 3,4,5 and 7. Rhodamine B concentration in positive samples were 34.76 ppm (sample 3), 38.30 ppm (sample 4), 74.28 ppm (sample 5), and 108.38 ppm (sample 7). Based on the qualitative analysis, the number concentration of Rhodamine B in the sample did not affect the color of the lipstick product, thus these samples were difficult to identify sample containing Rhodamine B.
The results of this study indicated that there are still cosmetic manufacturers using the Rhodamine B as dye in lipstick production. Moreover, these positive samples do not meet the criteria for safe cosmetic products in terms of packaging, incomplete labels, heterogenous texture.
Keywords: Lipstick, Rhodamine B, Spectrophotometry Uv-Vis, Test kit
A Local Instruction Theory for Emergent Graphical Shape Thinking: A Middle School Case Study
Authors: Paoletti Teo , Gantt Allison L. , Corven Julien
Published: May 2023

Emergent graphical shape thinking (EGST) involves interpreting or constructing a graph as dynamically generated, which is useful across science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields. Although evidence suggests that students as young as middle school can engage in EGST with support, other research indicates most college students and U.S. teachers do not spontaneously engage in such reasoning when potentially productive. We describe a local instruction theory (LIT) to support middle school students developing EGST as part of their graphing meanings. We then present a case study to show how two students engaged with a task sequence designed with the LIT in mind to develop meanings for EGST. This article illustrates general principles researchers and educators could use to promote students’ graphing meanings.
PERCIPIRANO ZDRAVLJE RODITELJA DJECE SA AUTIZMOM
Authors: Kurspahić Mujčić Amira , Mujčić Amra
Published: May 2023

Autizam je poremećaj koji se očituje poteškoćama u društvenim interakcijama i komunikaciji te neuobičajenim ponašanjem. Višestruke poteškoće povezane s autizmom nisu izazov samo za oboljelu djecu u razvoju već i za njihove roditelje. Pružanje dugotrajne skrbi djetetu s autizmom može postati opterećujuće i negativno utjecati na fizičko i mentalno zdravlje roditelja. Ovim preglednim radom će se prikazati percipirano zdravlje roditelja djece s autizmom u odnosu na percipirano zdravlje roditelja djece tipičnog razvoja. Pretražena je PubMed baza podataka. Korišteni su ključni pojmovi „Self-Assessment”- samoprocjena, „Health Status ”- zdravstveni status te “Parents“ - roditelji, „Autism“ – autizam. U provedenim istraživanjima pokazano je da roditelji djece s autizmom u odnosu na roditelje djece tipičnog razvoja imaju lošije percipirano fizičko i mentalno zdravlje, te da izjavljuju da se njihovo zdravlje pogoršalo u posljednjih godinu dana. Mentalno zdravlje majki je lošije od mentalnog zdravlja očeva. Utvrđeno je da su skladni porodični odnosi, visok socio-ekonomski status i zajednica koja podržava porodice sa autističnim djetetom protektivni faktori zdravlja roditelja. Većina roditelja djece sa autizmom ima povećanu razinu stresa, deprivaciju sna i osjeća se umorno što direktno utječe na njihovo mentalno i fizičko funkcioniranje. Unatoč takvim poteškoćama, mnogi roditelji djece s autizmom su izjavili da se osjećaju prilično sretnima, postigavši više od 7 bodova na skali sreće 0–10. Budući da su roditelji glavni pružatelji podrške djeci s autizmom, očuvanje dobrog zdravlja i dobrobiti roditelja preduvjet je optimalne skrbi za djecu. Stoga je mjerenje percepcije zdravlja roditelja ključno u procjeni ishoda bolesti i liječenja.
PROGRAM RANE INTERVENCIJE-STAVOVI RODITELJA DJECE S TEŠKOĆAMA U RAZVOJU
Authors: Ibrahimović Nermina , Ličina Aida
Published: May 2023

Rana intervencija je postupak pružanja usluga i podrške novorođenčadi, mlađoj djeci i njihovim porodicama kada dijete ima ili je u opasnosti od zaostajanja u razvoju, invaliditeta ili zdravstvenog stanja koje može utjecati na tipičan razvoj i učenje (ASHA). Uspješni programi rane intervencije uključuju i roditelje jer se djetetov razvoj najviše odvija u porodičnom okruženju. Roditelji su ravnopravni članovi tima za ranu intervenciju, koji imaju aktivnu ulogu prilikom donošenja odluka vezanih za pružanje dostupnih usluga rane intervencije. U BiH ne postoji jedinstven sistem rane intervencije čije je djelovanje određeno zakonom. Opći cilj je dobiti informacije od roditelja o zastupljenosti programa rane intervencije kroz projekte kod djece s teškoćama u razvoju u BiH. U skladu s tim ciljem istraživanja, postavljena su sljedeća istraživačka pitanja: dostupnost programa rane intervencije u BiH i kvalitet i učinci usluga rane intervencije Za potrebe istraživanja kreirana je anketa koja se sastoji od pitanja o demografskim podacima i pitanja o stavovima roditelja o programu rane intervencije. Uzorak u istraživanju činilo je 71 roditelj djece s teškoćama u razvoju. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da je 78.9% (56) roditelja upoznato, a 21.1% (15) nije upoznato sa programom rane intervencije. 77.5% roditelja smatra da program rana intervencije doprinosi poboljšanju razvoja djeteta, dok 59.2% smatra da je programom rane intervencije poboljšan kvalitet života porodice. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da su djeca s teškoćama u razvoju uključena u različite projekte i ustanove na kojima počiva rana intervencija. Također, većina roditelja smatra da postojeće usluge rane intervencije doprinose poboljšanju razvoja djeteta i povećanju kvaliteta života porodice.
ŠKOLOVANJE NA DALJINU S UČENICIMA S POREMEĆAJIMA IZ AUTISTIČNOG SPEKTRA
Authors: Pavlin Nina
Published: May 2023

Djeca s poremećajima iz autističnog spektra često imaju problema s komunikacijom i imaju slabije razvijene izvršne funkcije mozga. To utječe na njihovo učenje, neovisnost, svakodnevne zadatke i međuljudske odnose. Često im je teško prihvatiti promjene i kruti su u rješavanju problema. Učenje na daljinu bilo je poseban izazov kako za mene, tako i za učenike s poremećajima iz autističnog spektra i njihove roditelje. Prilikom pri­preme materijala za e-učenje suočila sam se s raznim pitanjima, poput toga kako održa­vati kontakt sa učenikom koji verbalno ne komunicira, kako održavati naučenu svakod­nevnicu, kako pripremiti prikladan i učinkovit materijal. Dobra suradnja s roditeljima bila je ključna za uspješno suočavanje s izazovima koje predstavlja današnja situacija. U svom izlaganju predstavit ću svoju nastavničku praksu učenja na daljinu zajedno s primjerima materijala za e-učenje, opisom organizacije vlastitog rada, nastavnim me­todama i komunikacijom s roditeljima i učenicima. Također ću predstaviti načine na koje sam se suočila s problemima zbog nedostatka verbalne komunikacije kod učeni­ka, kako smo održavali svakodnevnicu s roditeljima na daljinu i kako smo osiguravali da učenici nastave napredovati, da stječu nova znanja i održavaju već stečene vještine, razvijaju područja deficita i kako izgleda povratak natrag u školu.
NIVO OČUVANOSTI MENTALNOG ZDRAVLJA OSOBA SA MULTIPLOM SKLEROZOM
Authors: Stanisavljević Saša , Bubanja Ivana , Cukić Živana
Published: May 2023

Kod osoba sa multiplom sklerozom, tok bolesti i sekundarne poteškoće, neretko, mogu rezultirati teškoćama u oblasti mentalnog zdravlja. Cilj ovog istraživanja je ustanoviti koji je nivo očuvanosti mentalnog zdravlja osoba sa multiplom sklerozom. S obzirom na trenutne uslove pandemije izazvane virusom COVID-19, istraživanje je sprovedeno online anketiranjem osoba sa multiplom sklerozom. Upitnik je bio dostupan ispitanicima u okviru Facebook grupa koje su namenjene međusobnoj podršci osoba sa multiplom sklerozom na području Balkana. Upitnik je konstruisan iz dva dela od kojih se prvi odnosi na opšte demografske podatke (pol, uzrast i tip MS), dok drugi obuhvata standardizovan merni instrument “Mental Health Inventory” (MHI) namenjen proceni mentalnog zdravlja osoba sa multiplom sklerozom i sastoji se od 18 ajtema koji obuhvataju 4 potkategorije (anksioznost, depresiju, kontrolu ponašanja i pozitivni afekat). Rezultati neparametrijskih analiza pokazuju da, na ukupnom uzorku (N=65), nema statistički značajne razlike u nivou mentalnog zdravlja među ispitanicima različitog pola, uzrasta ili sa različitim tipom multiple skleroze. Opažena je statistički značajna razlika u frekvencama kategorija varijabli pol, uzrast i tip MS, kao i u okviru međusobnog poređenja subskala na svim relacijama izuzev anksioznosti i pozitivnog afekta. S obzirom na veličinu i neujednačenost uzorka, predlaže se ponavljanje istraživanja na većem i reprezentativnijem uzorku.
Prevalence of secondary health conditions and mental status in persons with long-term spinal cord injury in South Africa: Comparison between public and private healthcare sectors
Authors: Joseph C , Thurston C , Nizeyimana E , Scriba E , Conradsson D M , Rhoda A
Published: May 2023

Background. Spinal cord injuries typically result in a range of negative health outcomes and health states, which impacts overall functioning, health and well-being. It remains important to establish the prevalence (burden) of health outcomes to help with the development of optimal treatment strategies.
Objectives. To determine the prevalence and treatment rates of secondary health conditions (SHCs) and mental health states in persons with long-term spinal cord injury (SCI) receiving public compared with private healthcare services in South Africa.
Methods. A cross-sectional survey included 200 community-dwelling persons with long-term SCI, 60% with paraplegia, 53% with complete injuries and 156 from the public and 44 from private healthcare sectors. The following modules of the International Spinal Cord Injury (InSCI) community survey were used: (i) demographic and injury characteristics; (ii) SHCs and treatment rates; and (iii) vitality and emotional well-being. All statistical analyses were stratified according to healthcare sector.
Results. Pain (47% v. 57), sexual dysfunction (59% v. 41%) and muscle spasms (54% v. 43%) were the most common SHCs in both cohorts, and the period prevalence was significantly higher for sleeping problems (41% v. 25%), sexual dysfunction (59% v. 41%) and contractures (42% v. 20%) in the public compared with the private cohort. Persons with SCI in the private cohort received treatment more often for sleeping problems (100% v. 45%), autonomic dysreflexia (75% v. 27%) and pain (56% v. 33%) than their counterparts with public insurance. Negative mental health states were prevalent in both groups.
Conclusion. SHCs and negative mental health were common in persons with SCI in South Africa, while those with public insurance reporter a higher occurrence of sleep problems and contractures, as well as lower treatment rates. Overall, a need exists to better support persons with SCI in the long-term context to facilitate improved functioning and wellbeing.
"Vesy" magazine as an indicator of the maturity of Russian Symbolism
Authors: Riabchenko-Shats Valeriia Dmitrievna
Published: May 2023

“Vesy” magazine has become an extremely important milestone on the path of self–knowledge of Russian symbolism - its pages have captured the final design of the main principles and methods of this literary and cultural movement. However, the cultural discourse on the pages of the magazine, despite popular belief, was not homogeneous and static. Having marked the strengthening of symbolism as an important phenomenon in art and public life, “Vesy” magazine at the same time became a platform for discussions about the crisis of symbolism that was brewing at the beginning of the XX century, reflecting completely different stages of the development of this trend. The subject of this research is the journalistic materials published on the pages of “Vesy”, the object of the work was the evolution of the ideas of symbolism reflected in selected materials. With the help of discourse analysis, it became possible to study the most important stages of the development of symbolist discourse, which is the purpose of this work. The analysis of the journalistic materials of the magazine showed that “Vesy” failed to remain within its original ideological and aesthetic positions: contrary to traditional ideas, symbolism sought to live its own time, and during the period of social upheaval, its ideas were certainly developed. The results obtained can contribute to the theoretical knowledge about the symbolist journalism, “Vesy” magazine, as well as the evolution of the ideas of symbolism.
Legal regulation of income taxation of individuals on transactions with digital rights (cryptocurrencies)
Authors: Titorenko Semen Konstantinovich
Published: May 2023

The author discusses the features of the legal regulation of taxation of transactions of individuals with digital rights in the Russian Federation. As a result of the study, the author identified a gap in the legal regulation of taxation of digital rights in the Russian Federation, when determining the system of tax benefits for transactions with digital rights. Public relations arising in connection with the turnover of digital rights are regulated by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, while neither legislation nor law enforcement practice has been defined, the specifics of taxation of income of individuals on transactions with digital rights. In this connection, it is necessary to highlight the features of the legal regulation of taxation of income of individuals on transactions with digital rights and determine whether these features are applicable to the legal regulation of taxation of income of individuals on transactions with digital rights in the Russian Federation. The problem is that in the legislation of the Russian Federation there is no legal regulation of taxation of income of individuals on transactions with digital rights. The goal go the research is to investigate the experience the foreign legislation and regulatory legal regulation of the Russian Federation and to identify the problems of legal regulation of taxation of income of individuals on transactions of individuals with digital rights. Scientific novelty of the research lies in fact that previously, no research has been conducted on the application of tax benefits in the legal regulation of taxation of personal income on transactions with digital rights.
A model of training future polygraph examiners taking into account modern conditions of society development
Authors: Sadekov Rustem Rafekovich
Published: May 2023

The author in the presented article discusses topical issues related to a number of organizational and pedagogical features of the training of polygraph examiners in modern conditions. The study draws attention to current problems and important aspects of the professional training of specialists in this field, provides opinions of practitioners and research scientists on this issue. The work of specialists in this profile is quite complex, requiring in-depth knowledge in the field of jurisprudence, psychology, physiology, pedagogy and medicine, and therefore one of the key issues requiring analysis remains the search and application of effective pedagogical technologies that allow in a short time to form a set of knowledge and skills from a trained specialist that will allow him later, when performing official duties, clearly and competently solve the strategic tasks assigned to him.   The author's contribution to the study of the topic lies in the fact that in the course of the work, the conclusion was formulated that the model of training professional polygraph examiners in modern conditions should include in-depth knowledge about the technical and tactical aspects of research, psychophysiological characteristics of a person, as well as take into account a wide range of tasks and their specifics, for the resolution of which studies are conducted using polygraph devices.The object of consideration in the article is conducting research using polygraph devices, and the subject of consideration is taking into account the challenges of modern society when compiling and designing a model for training polygraph specialists.
Cybersecurity Policy of Modern Education
Authors: Khamidullin Ruslan Sibagatullovich , Chub Dmitrii Sergeevich
Published: May 2023

The subject of the study is the activity of law enforcement agencies in the fight against cybercrime. The object of the study is the social relations that arise in the field of education during the implementation of the program to combat cybercrime in Russia. The author examines the issues of crimes committed with the help of information technologies or in cyberspace, as well as the organization of counteraction to their commission, activities aimed at protecting the health of citizens, ensuring state and public security. Studies the process of using modern methods in the identification and disclosure of crimes committed using information and telecommunication technologies. Special attention is paid to the strategy of digital transformation of education of schoolchildren and students: according to which students will be able to master the knowledge necessary to protect themselves and their data when working with technical means of communication. The novelty lies in the fact that the way being worked out to solve the problem of growing crime in the information environment and crime using modern technologies directly affects the modern educational processes of schoolchildren and students, who in the future should become a bulwark of protecting the population from cybercrime. The main conclusion of the study is that such an improvement in education will increase the general digital literacy of the population, the level of public confidence in the state, and in particular in law enforcement agencies. It will provide a fast, comprehensive search for malicious sites, in view of which their number, as well as the negative effect of such, will decrease, which will lead to a decrease in cybercrime in Russia.
Two enhancer binding proteins activate σ54-dependent transcription of a quorum regulatory RNA in a bacterial symbiont
Authors: Surrett Ericka D , Guckes Kirsten R , Cousins Shyan , Ruskoski Terry B , Cecere Andrew G , Ludvik Denise A , Okafor C Denise , Mandel Mark J , Miyashiro Tim I
Published: May 2023

To colonize a host, bacteria depend on an ensemble of signaling systems to convert information about the various environments encountered within the host into specific cellular activities. How these signaling systems coordinate transitions between cellular states in vivo remains poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated how the bacterial symbiont Vibrio fischeri initially colonizes the light organ of the Hawaiian bobtail squid Euprymna scolopes. Previous work has shown that the small RNA Qrr1, which is a regulatory component of the quorum-sensing system in V. fischeri, promotes host colonization. Here, we report that transcriptional activation of Qrr1 is inhibited by the sensor kinase BinK, which suppresses cellular aggregation by V. fischeri prior to light organ entry. We show that Qrr1 expression depends on the alternative sigma factor σ54 and the transcription factors LuxO and SypG, which function similar to an OR logic gate, thereby ensuring Qrr1 is expressed during colonization. Finally, we provide evidence that this regulatory mechanism is widespread throughout the Vibrionaceae family. Together, our work reveals how coordination between the signaling pathways underlying aggregation and quorum-sensing promotes host colonization, which provides insight into how integration among signaling systems facilitates complex processes in bacteria.
Down-regulated GAS6 impairs synovial macrophage efferocytosis and promotes obesity-associated osteoarthritis
Authors: Yao Zihao , Qi Weizhong , Zhang Hongbo , Zhang Zhicheng , Liu Liangliang , Shao Yan , Zeng Hua , Yin Jianbin , Pan Haoyan , Guo Xiongtian , Liu Anling , Cai Daozhang , Bai Xiaochun , Zhang Haiyan
Published: May 2023

Obesity has always been considered a significant risk factor in osteoarthritis (OA) progression, but the underlying mechanism of obesity-related inflammation in OA synovitis remains unclear. The present study found that synovial macrophages infiltrated and polarized in the obesity microenvironment and identified the essential role of M1 macrophages in impaired macrophage efferocytosis using pathology analysis of obesity-associated OA. The present study revealed that obese OA patients and Apoe−/− mice showed a more pronounced synovitis and enhanced macrophage infiltration in synovial tissue, accompanied by dominant M1 macrophage polarization. Obese OA mice had a more severe cartilage destruction and increased levels of synovial apoptotic cells (ACs) than OA mice in the control group. Enhanced M1-polarized macrophages in obese synovium decreased growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6) secretion, resulting in impaired macrophage efferocytosis in synovial ACs. Intracellular contents released by accumulated ACs further triggered an immune response and lead to a release of inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, which induce chondrocyte homeostasis dysfunction in obese OA patients. Intra-articular injection of GAS6 restored the phagocytic capacity of macrophages, reduced the accumulation of local ACs, and decreased the levels of TUNEL and Caspase-3 positive cells, preserving cartilage thickness and preventing the progression of obesity-associated OA. Therefore, targeting macrophage-associated efferocytosis or intra-articular injection of GAS6 is a potential therapeutic strategy for obesity-associated OA.
Control of telomere length in yeast by SUMOylated PCNA and the Elg1 PCNA unloader
Authors: Singh Pragyan , Gazy Inbal , Kupiec Martin
Published: May 2023

Telomeres cap and protect the linear eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomere length is determined by an equilibrium between positive and negative regulators of telomerase activity. A systematic screen for yeast mutants that affect telomere length maintenance in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed that mutations in any of ~500 genes affects telomere length. One of the genes that, when mutated, causes telomere elongation is ELG1, which encodes an unloader of PCNA, the processivity factor for replicative DNA polymerases. PCNA can undergo SUMOylation on two conserved residues, K164 and K127, or ubiquitination at lysine 164. These modifications have already been implicated in genome stability processes. We report that SUMOylated PCNA acts as a signal that positively regulates telomerase activity. We also uncovered physical interactions between Elg1 and the CST (Cdc13-Stn1-Ten) complex and addressed the mechanism by which Elg1 and Stn1 negatively regulates telomere elongation, coordinated by SUMO. We discuss these results with respect to how chromosomal replication and telomere elongation are coordinated.
Gene regulatory patterning codes in early cell fate specification of the C. elegans embryo
Authors: Cole Alison G. , Hashimshony Tamar , Du Zhuo , Yanai Itai
Published: May 2023

Pattern formation originates during embryogenesis by a series of symmetry-breaking steps throughout an expanding cell lineage. In
Drosophila
, classic work has shown that the embryo segmentation is established by morphogens within a syncytium, and the subsequent action of the gap, pair-rule, and segment polarity genes. This classic model however does not translate directly to species that lack a syncytium – such as
C. elegans
– where cell fate is specified by cell-autonomous cell lineage programs and their inter-signaling. Previous single-cell RNA-Seq studies in
C. elegans
have analyzed cells from a mixed suspension of cells from many embryos to study late differentiation stages, or individual early stage embryos to study early gene expression in the embryo. To study the intermediate stages of early and late gastrulation (28- to 102- cells stages) missed by these approaches, here we determine the transcriptomes of the 1- to 102-cell stage to identify 119 embryonic cell-states during cell-fate specification, including ‘equivalence-group’ cell identities. We find that gene expression programs are modular according to the sub-cell lineages, each establishing a set of stripes by combinations of transcription factor gene expression across the anAterior-posterior axis. In particular, expression of the homeodomain genes establishes a comprehensive lineage-specific positioning system throughout the embryo beginning at the 28-cell stage. Moreover, we find that genes that segment the entire embryo in
Drosophila
have orthologs in
C. elegans
that exhibit sub-lineage specific expression. These results suggest that the
C. elegans
embryo is patterned by a juxtaposition of distinct lineage-specific gene regulatory programs each with a unique encoding of cell location and fate. This use of homologous gene regulatory patterning codes suggests a deep homology of cell fate specification programs across diverse modes of development.
Styxl2 regulates de novo sarcomere assembly by binding to non-muscle myosin IIs and promoting their degradation
Authors: Chen Xianwei , Li Yanfeng , Xu Jin , Cui Yong , Wu Qian , Yin Haidi , Li Yuying , Jiang Liwen , Wang Huating , Wen Zilong , Yao Zhongping , Wu Zhenguo
Published: May 2023

Styxl2, a poorly characterized pseudophosphatase, was identified as a transcriptional target of the Jak1-Stat1 pathway during myoblast differentiation in culture. Styxl2 is specifically expressed in vertebrate striated muscles. By gene knockdown or genetic knockout, we found that Styxl2 plays an essential role in maintaining sarcomere integrity in developing muscles of both zebrafish and mice. To further reveal the functions of Styxl2 in adult muscles, we generated two inducible knockout mouse models: one with
Styxl2
being deleted in mature myofibers to assess its role in sarcomere maintenance, and the other in adult muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) to assess its role in
de novo
sarcomere assembly. We find that Styxl2 is not required for sarcomere maintenance but functions in
de novo
sarcomere assembly during injury-induced muscle regeneration. Mechanistically, Styxl2 interacts with non-muscle myosin IIs, enhances their ubiquitination, and targets them for autophagy-dependent degradation. Without Styxl2, the degradation of non-muscle myosin IIs is delayed, which leads to defective sarcomere assembly and force generation. Thus, Styxl2 promotes
de novo
sarcomere assembly by interacting with non-muscle myosin IIs and facilitating their autophagic degradation.
Student perceptions toward virtual reality training in dental implant education
Authors: Huang Yue , Hu Yingwen , Chan Unman , Lai Pengyu , Sun Yueting , Dai Jun , Cheng Xin , Yang Xuesong
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Both the shortage of professional teaching resources and the expensive dental implant supplies impede the effective training of dental undergraduate in implantology. Virtual reality (VR) technology may provide solutions to solve these problems. This pilot study was implemented to explore the usability and acceptance of a VR application in the training of dental implant among dental students at the Jinan University School of Stomatology.

Methods

We designed and developed a VR system with head-mounted displays (HMDs) to assist dental implant training. Undergraduate dental students were invited to experience a 30-minute “Introduction to dental implants” VR-HMDs training module. A total of 119 dental students participated the training. Firstly, the VR interactive training on dental implant was described, illustrated and practiced. Next, a system usability scale (SUS) survey was used to verify the usability and feasibility of the VR application on training dental students. Finally, the participants were given a questionnaire to provide their perceptions and feedback of the usefulness of the VR application for training dental implant skills.

Results

The SUS score was 82.00 ± 10.79, indicating a top 10 percentage ranking of the system’s usabilitys. The participants’ answers to the questionnaire reflected most of them exhibited strong interests in the VR system, with a tendency that the female students were more confident than the male in manipulating the VR system. The participants generally acknowledged the usefulness of VR dental implants, ranking VR value above the traditional laboratory operations, and a preference for using the VR system on learning other skills. They also gave valuable suggestions on VR dental implants for substantial improvement. However, some students were not strongly positive about the VR training in this study, the reason might lie in a more theoretical module was selected for testing, which impacted the students’ ratings.

Conclusions

In this study we revealed the feasibility and usability of VR applications on training dental implant among undergraduate dental students. This pilot study showed that the participants benefited from the dental implant VR training by practicing the skills repeatedly. The feedback from student participants affirmed the advantages and their acceptance of the VR application in dental education. Especially, the VR-based technology is highly conducive to clinical operating skills and surgical procedures-focused training in medical education, indicating that the VR system should be combined with the traditional practice approach in improving dental students’ practical abilities.
Semi-active structural vibrations control with magneto-rheological damper based on the hybrid fuzzy sliding mode controller
Authors:   ArchiPEL Laboratory, Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Department, TAHRI Mohamed University, Bechar (Algeria), Zizouni Khaled , Saidi Abdelkrim ,   ArchiPEL Laboratory, Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Department, TAHRI Mohamed University, Bechar (Algeria), Fali Leyla ,   FIMAS Laboratory, Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Department, TAHRI Mohamed University, Bechar (Algeria, Bousserhane Ismail Khalil ,   ArchiPEL Laboratory, Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Department, TAHRI Mohamed University, Bechar (Algeria), Djermane Mohamed ,   FIMAS Laboratory, Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Department, TAHRI Mohamed University, Bechar (Algeria)
Published: May 2023

Recently, the semi-active control of structural vibration has demonstrated its ability to preserve human life and keep structures safe during earthquakes. In the civil engineering area, the literature is full of investigation in both numerical and experimental research in which the Magneto-Rheological damper is the most used device. This paper investigates the semi-active control of three scaled excited structures. The proposed control is assured by a Magneto-Rheological damper controlled using a hybrid Fuzzy Sliding Mode controller. Although, a Clipped optimal algorithm is proposed to calculate the required current for the damper operating. Otherwise, the robustness of the suggested controller is proved by the obtained numerical results of the seismic excited scaled structure. Therefore, the tested structure is subjected to four time-scaled earthquake records. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed semi-active control strategy in mitigating earthquake structural vibration is shown clearly in the compared controlled and uncontrolled responses. The simulation results show that the peak reduction reaches 65% under the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake. In addition, the performance indices prove the robustness of the proposed strategy.
Experimental investigation on mechanical properties of HSSCC containing waste steel fibers obtained from end-of-life tires
Authors:   University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya (Türkiye), Recep Akça Kutalmış , İpek Metin ,   University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya (Türkiye), Çelenk Sevgi ,   University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya (Türkiye), Karabulak Aykut ,   University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya (Türkiye)
Published: May 2023

In this study, use of end-of-life tires (ELTs) in self-consolidating concretes (SCC), which enable higher rates of fiber use than conventional concrete due to its superior flow properties, for the elimination of the environmental negative impacts and recycling of them were aimed. Besides, it is aimed to investigate the behavior of waste steel wires with different aspect ratio obtained from different types of tires, contrary to what is mostly researched in the literature. Therefore, bead, cord and base wires, obtained from tires, were used in high-strength self-consolidating concrete (HSSCC) production as fiber reinforcement. Fresh and hardened state properties of the waste wire-reinforced (1-2-3%) samples of different sizes that were produced, were compared with industrial steel-reinforced and non-fibrous samples. In this regard, slump flow and T50 durations were determined, compression and bending tests were performed. Significant improvements in the mechanical properties of conventional concretes were observed with the use of waste wire. Using the optimum ratio of waste wire, an increase of approximately 102% in flexural strength and 14% in compressive strength was observed compared to the reference specimen. Aspect ratio was recognized as one of the most effective factor on optimum fiber content. Moreover, experimental results were analyzed with "paired sample t-test", and it was seen that there were no considerable differences in the mechanical properties of the samples in which industrial fiber and waste-wire had been used. Besides, cost analysis was carried out to assess the economic benefits of the use of waste tire wires in the concrete industry.
Cataract Surgery Trends during Lockdown and Unlocking Periods of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Hospital-based Study
Authors: Chattoraj Anupam , Kakati Kalpamoi , Bandopadhyay S , Sharma Vijay K , Rao BV , Sharma Neeraj , Rana Vipin
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has affected healthcare access to population around the world. India also had its own set of problems for patients with disruption of healthcare services during the pandemic. This also brought in unique challenges for ophthalmologists who adapted to new challenges to provide quality care to the patients including those reporting for cataract surgery. Aim: To find out cataract surgery trends and demographic variables during lockdown and unlocking periods of COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted at Ophthalmology department of a tertiary care centre in eastern India, from January 2020 to March 2022. Trends of cataract surgery including numbers, demographic factors, visual acuity at presentation, difference during first and second lock and unlock periods etc were compared during various lock and unlock period over more than two years. Results: A total of 3,843 patients were planned for surgery and 3,594 patients underwent cataract surgery. A total of 218 patients reported being positive for COVID-19 preoperatively and voluntarily dropped out from surgery. A total of 24 patients were found to be positive during preoperative Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) workup and were excluded from surgery. Seven patients didn’t report for the surgery. A total of 59 patients reported febrile illness during one month postoperative period. There was dip in cataract surgery during lockdown periods (from 178.33 every month in pre COVID-19 period to near zero during first lockdown period) but recovery was much faster during second unlock period compared to first unlock period. Conclusion: The study concludes that there was drastic decrease in number of patients undergoing cataract surgery during COVID-19 pandemic. Predominantly young, male patients who had advanced morphology of cataracts with poor visual acuity accessed healthcare set-up for cataract surgery during initial lock and unlock period. Similar trend was seen during second lock and unlock period with rapid recovery of numbers and demography of cataract surgery patients to preCOVID-19 levels.
Effect of Liquid Organic Foliar Spray on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Rainfed Condition
Authors: Sridhara M. R. , Nandagavi R. A. , Nooli S. S. , Biradar A. H.
Published: May 2023

Aims: Foliar nutrition is aimed to eliminate the problems of fixation and immobilization of nutrients. Hence, foliar nutrition is being recognized as a significant way of fertilizing modern agriculture, especially under rainfed conditions. Liquid organic manures are the concoctions of micro and macronutrients that also contain vitamins, amino acids, growth-promoting substances, and beneficial microbes.

Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications.

Place and Duration of Study: A field experiment was conducted in medium black soils at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Vijayapur, during Rabi, 2020-21.

Methodology: There were fifteen treatment combinations, consisting of five organic sources (vermiwash @ 10%, cowurine @ 10%, jeevamrutha @ 25%, bio digester filtrate @ 25% and urea @ 2%) in main plots and three stage of application (pre flowering, pod initiation and pre flowering + pod initiation) in sub plots for JG-11 variety of chickpea.

Results: Foliar application of jeevamrutha @ 25% both at pre flowering and at pod initiation stages recorded significantly greater dry matter accumulation in leaves, stem and reproductive parts, higher SPAD values, number of pods plant-1 (46.5), grain weight plant-1 (9.45 g), harvest index (2198 kg ha-1). Soil dehydrogenase activity, protein content and protein yield parameters also showed higher values for the same treatment along with the major nutrient uptake. A significant reduction in the observation of pest load of chickpeas at pod development stage was noticed by the application of treatment.

Conclusion: Foliar application of liquid organic manures, either jeevamrutha @ 25% or cow urine @ 10% both at pre-flowering and at pod initiation stages helped to increase growth, growth attributes like dry matter accumulation, SPAD values, yield attributes, protein content, dehydrogenase activity, major nutrient uptake and reduction of pest load in chickpea.
What Is Narcolepsy?
Authors: Sum-Ping Oliver , Mignot Emmanuel
Published: May 2023

This JAMA Patient Page describes narcolepsy types, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.
A Half‐Century of the Ugi Reaction: Modified Variants
Authors: Ullrich Angelika , Kazmaier Uli
Published: May 2023

The classic Ugi reaction is a four‐component coupling process involving a carboxylic acid, a carbonyl compound, an amine, and an isocyanide, resulting in an
N
‐acylamino acid amide product. Modified Ugi reactions employ special, often multifunctional, reaction components, and can involve fewer than or more than four components. This reaction exhibits broad scope and can be used to prepare complex heterocycles. As a result, this method has been employed to prepare diverse libraries of structurally related products, and in addition, is often applied to the synthesis of drugs, drug‐like molecules, and natural products. Applications in target‐directed synthesis are presented, as are comparisons to other related multicomponent reactions and heterocycle syntheses; modifications leading to achiral heteroaromatic ring systems are not included. This chapter covers the literature from the early days of the Ugi reaction in 1961 through the end of 2012.
Dosimetric comparison of VMAT standard optimization (SO) and multi‐criteria optimization (MCO) treatment plans with standard mode delivery (STD) or sliding window (SW) for head and neck cancer
Authors: Rolland Julien , Favrel Véronique , Fau Pierre , Mailleux Hugues , Tallet Agnès
Published: May 2023

Purpose

A new development on the RayStation treatment planning system (TPS) allows a plan to be planned by imposing a constraint on the leaf sequencing: all leaves move in the same direction before moving again in the opposite direction to create a succession of sliding windows (SWs). The study aims to investigate this new leaf sequencing, coupled with standard optimization (SO) and multi‐criteria optimization (MCO) and to compare it with the standard sequencing (STD).

Methods

Sixty plans were replanned for 10 head and neck cancer patients (two dose levels simultaneously SIB, 56 and 70 Gy in 35 fractions). All plans were compared, and a Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was performed. Pre‐processing QA and metrics of multileaf collimator (MLC) complexity were studied.

Results

All methodologies met the dose requirements for the planning target volumes (PTVs) and organs at risk (OARs). SO demonstrates significantly best results for homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), and target coverage (TC). SO‐SW gives best results for PTVs (D98% and D2%) but the differences between techniques are less than 1%. Only the D2%,PTV‐56 Gy is higher with both MCO methods. MCO‐STD offer the best sparing OARs (parotids, spinal cord, larynx, oral cavity). The gamma passing rates (GPRs) with 3%/3 mm criteria between the measured and calculated dose distributions are higher than 95%, slightly lowest with SW. The number of monitor units (MUs) and MLC metrics are higher in SW show a higher modulation.

Conclusions

All plans are feasible for the treatment. A clear advantage of SO‐SW is that the treatment plan is more straightforward to planning by the user due to the more advanced modulation. MCO stands out for its ease of use and will allow a less experienced user to offer a better plan than in SO. In addition, MCO‐STD will reduce the dose to the OARs while maintaining good TC.
Application of repeat image analysis to radiation therapy imaging modalities as a quality improvement tool for image guided radiotherapy
Authors: Chee Daniella , Buckley Lesley
Published: May 2023

Background

Repeat images contribute to excess patient dose and workflow inefficiencies and can be analyzed to identify potential areas for improvement within a program. Although routinely used in diagnostic imaging, repeat image analysis is not widely used in radiation therapy imaging, despite the role of imaging in the delivery of precise radiation treatments.

Purpose

Repeat image analysis was performed for on‐board cone beam CT imagers and CT simulators within a radiation therapy department. Both the rate of repeat images and the reasons for the repeat images were analyzed.

Methods

Data from nine conventional linear accelerators and three CT simulators were analyzed retrospectively over a 5‐month period. Repeated images that were not part of the standard of care were considered repeat images. The repeat rate was expressed as the number of repeat scans as percentage of the total number of scans performed. The reasons for the repeats were collected and classified as either patient preparation, patient setup, patient motion, or machine error. These reasons were further classified into sub‐categories.

Results

The overall repeat rate across the linear accelerators was 3.3%, with a maximum of 5% on any single machine. The repeat rate for the three CT simulators was 1.5%. The most common reasons for repeat images were patient preparation (incorrect bladder or rectal filling) and patient setup or positioning. Greater positioning challenges led to higher repeat rates on units that treat a large number of breast patients, palliative patients, or pediatric patients.

Conclusions

Repeat image analysis can be applied within a radiation therapy department. Establishing baseline repeat rates and analyzing reasons for the repeat images can identify opportunities for improvements in terms of patient dose reduction and workflow efficiency for the program. Periodic repeat image analysis also permits monitoring the program for changes and for comparison against rates at other institutions.
Parameter estimation of fractional‐order Hammerstein state space system based on the extended Kalman filter
Authors: Bi Yiqun , Ji Yan
Published: May 2023

This paper addresses the combined estimation issues of the parameters and states for fractional‐order Hammerstein state space systems with colored noises. An extended state estimator is derived by using the parameter estimates to replace the unknown system parameters in Kalman filter. The hierarchical identification principle is introduced to solve the unknown parameters of measurement noises. By introducing the forgetting factor, an extended Kalman filtering‐based hierarchical forgetting factor stochastic gradient algorithm is presented to estimate the unknown states, parameters and fractional‐order. A numerical example is respectively presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed identification algorithm. It can be seen that the estimation errors are relatively small, which reflects the proposed algorithms have good identification effect.
Peers in addiction treatment: An evolving profession
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: May 2023

“It's what keeps me up at night.” That's what one treatment provider told ADAW recently about the use of “peers” in treatment programs. While they are well‐meaning, they are naïve. And this treatment provider spoke off the record, but echoed the sentiments of many, at least when it comes to this new, in many places completely unregulated, profession.