bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La intermitente invención de Sigüenza, personaje de Gabriel Miró (1908-1913)
Authors: Lozano Marco Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2018

El concepto que nos hemos ido formando de Sigüenza, personaje creado por Gabriel Miró, parece ser el resultado de la situación que los libros protagonizados por él ocupan en las Obras Completas, tal y como el escritor las dispuso a partir de 1926: una trilogía que acota su obra total, en cuyo centro viene a situarse Libro de Sigüenza, volumen recopilatorio cuyo contenido, si tenemos en cuenta las fechas añadidas en la edición de 1927, enlaza cronológicamente con los extremos. En realidad, la invención del personaje siguió un proceso intermitente: Sigüenza, años después de protagonizar Del vivir, fue apareciendo en diversos periódicos durante períodos breves y bien determinados, del primero de los cuales, el de su formación, nos ocupamos en las siguientes páginas.
«Historias rotas»: la memoria y el olvido en la construcción de la identidad migrante en el teatro español actual
Authors: Krpan Ivana
Published: September 2018

El artículo analiza las estrategias discursivas de la memoria migrante en la dramaturgia española en la entrada del siglo XXI. Se reconstruyen las «memorias rotas» de la inmigración extranjera en España y se analiza el proceso simultáneo de consolidación y deconstrucción del modelo histórico nacional en el trabajo dialéctico entre la memoria y el olvido de los personajes dramáticos. Las obras estudiadas de Jerónimo López Mozo, Carles Batlle, Ignacio del Moral, Juan Diego Botto, Alberto de Casso Basterrechea y Malco Arija Martínez tematizan la experiencia traumática provocada por el desplazamiento del migrante y la ruptura de la linealidad histórica de su origen, cuestionando la memoria colectiva como proyecto de homogeneidad nacional. La estructura dramática facilita la deconstrucción de los elementos que mantienen la solidez de las grandes narraciones históricas y las subvierte en la reconstrucción teatral de la «postmemoria».
«La palabra naciente»: María Zambrano y la razón patriarcal
Authors: Velasco Rengel Carmen
Published: September 2018

El propósito de este ensayo es confirmar y revalidar la vigencia de la obra literaria de María Zambrano. Al mismo tiempo, se analiza la influencia del punto de vista femenino de la autora en su creación, destacando como paradigma de esta el tratamiento que ha dado a la figura clásica de Antígona en su obra La tumba de Antígona. La «vida no vivida» representada por Antígona sirve a Zambrano para reabrir una puerta que había quedado sellada tras el cruel final de la tragedia de Sófocles. De este modo, la autora acertaría a reescribir el perfil de la heroína trágica, confiriéndole una dimensión subversiva en relación con la historia del pensamiento patriarcal. Por último, se estudia cómo María Zambrano en esta obra abandona el género del ensayo y se adentra en la ficción dramática, pues necesita el lenguaje literario («la razón poética») para expresar su pensamiento con más fuerza.
Disruption and Deception in Crowdsourcing
Authors: Onuchowska Agnieszka , de Vreede Gert-Jan
Published: September 2018

While crowdsourcing has become increasingly popular among organizations, it also has become increasingly susceptible to unethical and malicious activities. This article discusses recent examples of disruptive and deceptive efforts on crowdsourcing sites, which impacted the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the crowdsourcing efforts' service, stakeholders, and data. From these examples, the authors derive an organizing framework of risk types associated with disruption and deception in crowdsourcing based on commonalities among incidents. The framework includes prank activities, the intentional placement of false information, hacking attempts, DDoS attacks, botnet attacks, privacy violation attempts, and data breaches. Finally, the authors discuss example controls that can assist in identifying and mitigating disruption and deception risks in crowdsourcing.
A Migration Methodology from Legacy to New Electronic Health Record based OpenEHR
Authors: Khennou Fadoua , Chaoui Nour El Houda , Khamlichi Youness Idrissi
Published: September 2018

Nowadays, having an electronic health record properly adopted by medical bodies is no longer a challenge. In fact, the critical issue for health practitioners is related to the exchange of health data between different institutes. While some existing standards provide interoperability for e-health systems, they still not offer a coherent solution that can be integrated and used easily. In this author, the paper present OpenEHR, a consistent health standard based on the dual-level scheme, which separates the reference model from the archetypes, allowing a flexible modeling of clinical concepts. However, getting into OpenEHR implementation can be very complex. The purpose of this article is to simplify the integration of OpenEHR, by introducing a stepwise methodology of the migration from legacy SQL-based EHR to an interoperable OpenEHR based NoSQL oriented document model. Successful consolidation was achieved through the deployment of metadata and mapping rules in Java environment project, which allowed a practical automation of the interoperability integration process.
Benefits and Challenges of Cloud Computing Adoption and Usage in Higher Education
Authors: Ali Mohammed Banu , Wood-Harper Trevor , Mohamad Mostafa
Published: September 2018

The aim of this article was to provide evidence pertaining to cloud computing (CC) adoption in education, namely higher education institutions (HEIs) or Universities. A systematic literature review (SLR) of empirical studies exploring the current CC adoption levels in HEIs and the benefits and challenges for using CC in HEIs was performed. A total of 20 papers were included in the SLR. It was discovered that a number of universities have a keen interest in using CC in their institution, and the evidence indicates a high level of successful CC adoption in the HEIs reviewed in the SLR. In conclusion, the SLR identified a clear literature gap in this research area: there exists limited empirical studies focusing on CC utilisation in HEIs.
Analyzing the Impact of Social Network Sites and Social Applications on Buying Attitude in Developing Nations
Authors: Alam MD Sarwar-A , Wang Daoping , Rafique Kalsoom
Published: September 2018

This article investigates the relationships among social network sites (SNSs) and social apps (SAPs) on consumers' online purchase attitude (OPA) with moderating effect of gender (GND). Structural equation modeling using SPSS and supporting tools was employed to represent the correlations among adopted constructs. To this end, the questionnaires were distributed to online shoppers from September 2017 and November 2017. The findings revealed the positive relationships of SNSs, i.e., Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, YouTube, and Pinterest on consumers' OPA. Second, it is found that SAPs, i.e., Whatsapp, Facebook messenger, Wechat, Instagram, and Snapchat have positive relationships on consumers' OPA. In addition, it is found that GND did not moderate the relationships among SNSs, SAPs, and consumers' OPA. This study furnishes insights how strategic managers can utilize such social media tools in marketing communications to empower consumers' OPA in today's era. Aside, study provides future studies for academicians and professionals.
The Cultivation of Technology Usage Among Potential Users of ICT
Authors: Joseph Nimmy Maria , Thomas P E
Published: September 2018

The purpose of establishing information and communication technologies (ICTs) in rural areas is for development. Nevertheless, the increasing presence of the “digital divide” indicates that there are setbacks in accomplishing of this progress. A deeper understanding about the categorization of users and non-users of technologies is needed as there is an implicit element called ‘potential users' among the non-users category that decides ICT usage. In this article, the analysis of demographics and psychographics of a person plays a critical role in identifying potential users and converting them to innovators. The reasons why people do and do not use technology and categorization of users and non-users is the perfect criteria to analyse potential users among so called non-users. This article discusses the categorization of ICT users and non-users and the barriers of potential users for technology use. Thus, measures for transforming potential users to innovators are described. The need for digital freedom is found to be the basic requirement of potential users.
Barriers to Agility in a Large Company's IT Organization
Authors: Johansson Filip , Rusu Lazar
Published: September 2018

The ability to detect and respond to change with ease, speed, flexibility and dexterity – referred to as agility – has become a necessary ability for almost any IT organization. In fact, today's IT organizations need to deliver products and services faster and in a more agile manner than before. Despite its importance, there is a lack of research on what barriers exists towards achieving agility in IT organizations. This article explores what factors inhibit agility within an IT organization in a large company in Sweden. The data was collected using interviews, internal documents and observations. An IT organization agility dimensions framework was used to identify and contextualize the barriers to agility. The findings, show that agility is as much a tactical and managerial issue as it is operational. The holistic approach of exploring barriers to agility in an IT organization fills a knowledge gap in research literature, and extends the existing body of knowledge concerning agility for IT organization.
The Ethical Issues Surrounding Sections 175-178 of the UK's Data Protection Bill
Authors: Mchenry Daniel James , Mckelvey Nigel
Published: September 2018

There is growing concern that a new data ethics regime that has been introduced into the current draft of the data protection bill may be ethically problematic. The changes are designed to be a framework for data processing but health data privacy advocacy group medconfidential has voiced their concerns at the development. The provider has claimed that the government is trying to push through the regime without first giving the public a chance to engage in discussions about how public-sector data should be stored and processed. This article will discuss ethical issues surrounding the proposed bill as well as big data analytics and will discuss the role played by government in data processing in the UK. It will discuss the arguments for and against the government's proposals. It will be important for the UK government along with all data processors and data controllers to ensure that large amounts of data from all UK citizens across all sectors is handled correctly.
A Structural Model Approach for Assessing Information Security Value in Organizations
Authors: Schatz Daniel , Bashroush Rabih
Published: September 2018

Data is rapidly becoming one of the most important assets in global markets, and criminals are spotting opportunities to exploit new potential income sources. In response to this, organizations are dedicating increasing resources to information security programs. However, faced with unrelenting breach reports and rising costs, decision makers inevitably wonder which type of security investment is economically viable. In this article, the authors present an empirically tested model describing the underlying key constructs for assessing information security value in an organization. Based on identified latent variables previously put forward in the literature, the authors use a partial least squares structural equation modeling approach to verify the model's soundness. They identify five crucial variables for value-focused information security investment. The relationships among these latent variables are then investigated and contributions of the structural model assessed. The key findings are finally presented to highlight opportunities for security practitioners to apply the proposed model.
Resource-Saving Microsphere Technology for Friction Composite Materials
Authors: Shekhovtsov Valentin , Volokitin Oleg , Volokitin Gennadii G. , Skripnikova Nelly , Vlasov Yuri , Spirin Eugene
Published: September 2018

The paper proposes the miscrosphere electro-plasma technology based on the processing of bottom ash generated by the Belovo Power Plant, Kemerovo region, Russia. During the electro-plasma processing, the current-voltage characteristic of plasma flow is determined. It is shown that it considerably depends on the gas rate. For example, at 300 А arc current and the increase of gas rate from 1.0 to 2.0 g/s, the arc voltage grows from 130 to 180 V. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy allows obtaining the distribution maps for the elemental composition of the microsphere surface and detecting the element concentration. From the infrared spectroscopy, it is possible to conclude that the amorphized layer of obtained microspheres is characterized by an ordered structure, because 1093.82 сm-1 maximum position of the absorption band for stretching vibration is as close as possible to that for silica glass (1100 сm-1) representing a more ordered polymer structure.
The Packing Coefficient of Particles in Structure Cluster Systems
Authors: Melnikov Gennady , Emelyanov Sergey , Ignatenko Nikolay , Manzhos Olga
Published: September 2018

Within the framework of the cluster model, a relation is obtained for calculating the effective diameter of particles and the atomic packing coefficient in the cluster structure, which makes it possible to trace the dependence of the effective particle diameter on the temperature and the quantitative composition of the cluster system. The results of calculating the diameter of particles in a cluster model and classical models of hard and soft spheres are compared. The greatest discrepancy between the predicted particle diameters and the packing coefficients in the cluster structure within the framework of various models is observed near the melting point of the substance, where the difference can reach 16%.
Possibility of Evaluating a Depth of Defects as a Hole in a Composite Dielectric Sample by the Parameters of Electric Response to Pulse Mechanical Excitation
Authors: Khorsov Petr , Surzhikov Anatoly , Surzhikov Vladimir , Laas Roman
Published: September 2018

The applicability of the method mechanoelectrical transformations (MET) to determine the depth of the macrodefects location in the sample on parameters of the electromagnetic response is evaluated. As the response parameter it was used the phase characteristic of the signal analytical representation.On the one-dimensional mathematical model it was shown the possibility to detect phase response changes when reflected from defect acoustic wave is mixed with the signal spurious component generated by a distributed MET sources. Experimental verification of mathematical model on a sample of concrete was conducted. It has been shown that the sensitivity of the method MET to evaluation of the macrodefect locate depth depends on the wavelength of the excitation pulse and the area of the macrodefect border closest to the emitter-receiver system.
Increasing the Efficiency of the Operation of the Facilities for the Thermal Processing of Raw Materials by Exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation
Authors: Lukina Darya , Belov Valery , Lukina Oksana , Volkov Alexandr , Mayorov Andrey , Smirnova Irina
Published: September 2018

The aim of the study is to increase the efficiency of the operation of the facilities for the thermal processing of raw materials by exposure to electromagnetic radiation and the improvement of their main working organs that ensure the improvement of the quality of the product with the least operating costs. The work differs from existing studies by methodical generalization of the electrodynamic system with various design execution of the working chamber, ensuring the flow of the technological process of heat treatment and disinfection of raw materials due to repeated exposure to EMP. Because of the design features of the bulk resonators, the units have specificity in the principles of operation, in the methods of designing the nodes and all the elements of the energy transfer from the emitter to the raw material as a whole. In a constructive respect, the electrodynamic systems of microwave generators differ from existing ones by combining mobile resonator and beam chambers located in a toroidal shielding body. In microwave technology, this method of energy transfer constitutes an independent field of study. In this case, it is possible to detect the dynamics of the process taking into account the time variation in the dielectric and thermal physical parameters of the raw material, calculate the configuration and dimensions of the cavity resonator in accordance with the wavelength and the critical electric field strength, determine the number of sources and their location in the working chamber.
Investigation of Thermal Explosion Formation in Heterogeneous Systems
Authors: Sechin Alexander I. , Sechin Andrey , Amelkovich Yuliya , Mezenceva Irina , Zadorozhnaya Tatiyana A.
Published: September 2018

The analysis and necessity for studying of burning processes of systems formed by coal dust and methane for the purpose of development the effective activities on the enterprises of coal branch were shown. The results demonstrate the role of nonflammable components in the combustion processes of air suspension in heterogeneous systems. Also the dependence of the critical conditions creation for flame propagation in air suspension of sucrose from the average particle diameter at different temperatures of the ignition source is presented. The necessity of taking into account the experimental and methodological experience of other industries for the study of air suspension sensitivity to the initiating influence of the ignition source is explored. The requirements to the installation and methodology for studying the sensitivity of coal dust air suspension as one of the main factors preventing explosions of heterogeneous systems in the coal industry are formulated.
Influence of Morphology of the Press Powder Particles and Thermal Annealing on the Structure and Microhardness of Palladium Obtained by Solid-Phase Sintering
Authors: Bondarenko Gennady , Gaidar Anna , Gorelova Ekaterina , Kashirina Nellie
Published: September 2018

The article is devoted to the investigation of the structure of pressed palladium-barium cathodes. These cathodes are made from a polycrystalline palladium matrix with inclusions of the particles of the activator phase Pd5Ba. The high efficiency and durability of pressed palladium-barium cathodes is ensured by the formation of an active-emission BaO layer on the working surface. The active metal Ba comes from the volume to the surface by diffusion of atoms on the defects of the crystal structure of the palladium matrix. When comparing the electrical parameters of the cathodes, the matrices of which were made from the same fractions but different batches of palladium powder, a considerable spread of electrical parameters was established. There were also revealed significant differences in the roughness of the cathode working surface. These differences affect the uniformity and stability of the emission current. This indicates the need for a detailed study of the characteristics of the initial palladium powder and their effect on the structure of the sintered material, and, consequently, on the physicomechanical properties of its surface. In this paper, the morphological features of eight batches of palladium powder in the initial state and after the purification annealing were studied by the method of electron microscopy. Significant differences in the form of particles and agglomerates of powder from different batches have been revealed. A metallographic analysis of microsections of the palladium samples prepared by solid-phase sintering was carried out. The influence of the morphological features of the particles of the initial powder on the grain size and the mechanical properties of the sintered compact is determined. Studies have shown that to obtain a compact palladium with reproducible and predictable properties, stability of the morphological characteristics of the original powder is necessary.
Investigation of Injection- and Radiation-Thermal Processes in Thin Gate Dielectric Films of MIS Structures
Authors: Andreev Dmitrii , Bondarenko Gennady , Andreev Vladimir , Stolyarov Alexander
Published: September 2018

In order to modify the gate dielectric of MIS structures we suggest to implement the injection-thermal treatment which consists in the high-field injection of electrons of set density into the thin dielectric film and the subsequent annealing of the structure. We investigate an influence of modes of the injection-thermal treatment onto the modification of MIS structures. We demonstrate that the processes of MIS structure modification taking place at the injection-thermal treatment in many respects are identical to the processes taking place at the radiation-thermal treatment. We study an influence of modes of the high-field electron injection into the gate dielectric of MIS structure onto densities of charge defects and the injection hardness of samples. Besides, we research an influence of doping of the silicone dioxide film by phosphorus onto the same characteristics.
High Chromium Steel Modification by the Intense Discrete Electron Beam: Structure and Properties
Authors: Ivanov Yurii , Klopotov Vladimir , Klopotov Anatolii A. , Petrikova Elizaveta A. , Abzaev Yuriy , Ivanova Olga V. , Teresov Anton D.
Published: September 2018

The Fe-Cr-C system thermodynamic analysis has been made. It has been demonstrated that the Fe-Cr alloys carbon alloy addition results in the significant structural-phase state change in them and exerts determinant influence on the M23С6, M7С3, M3С2and M3С carbides existence domain by the α-and γ-phases. The temperature field numerical calculations, forming in the steel superficial layer in the case of the electron beam irradiation, have been carried out. It has been demonstrated that the peak temperature, being achieved on the sample surface towards the end of the impulse effect, is below steel melting temperature at electrons beam energy density 10 J/cm2regardless of the electrons beam pulse duration (50-200 ms). The peak temperature on the irradiation surface is equal to the steel boiling temperature at electrons beam energy density (20-30) J/cm2and at pulse duration 50 μs. The peak temperature on the irradiation surface achieves and increases the steel melting temperature at pulse duration 200 μs. The AISI 321 and AISI 420 steel surface irradiation has been carried out by the intense pulse electron beam. The studies have been made and the nanostructured polyphaser superficial layers formation laws analysis have been done. It has been established that the steel electronic-beam treatment is accompanied by the М23С6((Cr, Fe,)23C6) composition initial carbide phase particles solution, by the carbon and chromium atoms superficial layer crystal lattice saturation, by the submicron sizes and dendritic crystallization cells formation, by the titanium carbide and chromium carbide nanosized particles abstraction. The mechanical and tribological tests of the AISI 321 and AISI 420 steel samples, irradiated by the intense pulse electron beam, have been done. It has been detected that the superficial layer hardness increases in 1.5 times and the superficial layer wear resistance increases in 1.5 times. The friction coefficient decreases in 1.6 times. The microhardness increases in 1.5 times. The wear resistance increases in 3.2 times. The friction coefficient reduces in 2.3 times
Electron-Ion-Plasma Doping of Aluminum Surface with Copper and Titanium - A Comparative Analysis of the Formed Structure and Properties
Authors: Ivanov Yurii , Klopotov Anatolii A. , Potekaev Aleksandr I. , Krysina Olga V. , Moskvin Pavel , Petrikova Elizaveta A. , Ivanova Olga V. , Tsvetkov Nikolaii , Tolkachev Oleg S.
Published: September 2018

Deposition of a titanium or a copper film onto the surface of commercially pure A7 aluminum and irradiation of the “film/substrate” system with an intense pulsed electron beam are carried out in a single vacuum cycle. Formation of a surface doped layer with a thickness of (20-30) μm is revealed. It is shown that the modified layer has a multiphase structure of a cellular rapid solidification of the submicron-nanosized range. Irradiation parameters are determined. It is established that the developed modification method allows forming a surface doped layer with the microhardness more than 4 times (Ti-Al alloy) or more than 3 times (Cu-Al alloy) greater than the microhardness of A7 aluminum; the wear resistance of the surface alloy Ti-Al exceeds the wear resistance of the initial aluminum in ≈2.4 times; doping of aluminum with copper is accompanied with an increase in the wear resistance of the material in ≈1.5 times.
Human Factor H Domains 6 and 7 Fused to IgG1 Fc Are Immunotherapeutic against Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Authors: Shaughnessy Jutamas , Lewis Lisa A. , Zheng Bo , Carr Caleb , Bass Isaac , Gulati Sunita , DeOliveira Rosane B. , Gose Severin , Reed George W. , Botto Marina , Rice Peter A. , Ram Sanjay
Published: September 2018

Novel therapeutics against multidrug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae are urgently needed. Gonococcal lipooligosaccharide often expresses lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), which becomes sialylated in vivo, enhancing factor H (FH) binding and contributing to the organism’s ability to resist killing by complement. We previously showed that FH domains 18–20 (with a D-to-G mutation at position 1119 in domain 19) fused to Fc (FHD1119G/Fc) displayed complement-dependent bactericidal activity in vitro and attenuated gonococcal vaginal colonization of mice. Gonococcal lipooligosaccharide phase variation can result in loss of LNnT expression. Loss of sialylated LNnT, although associated with a considerable fitness cost, could decrease efficacy of FHD1119G/Fc. Similar to N. meningitidis, gonococci also bind FH domains 6 and 7 through Neisserial surface protein A (NspA). In this study, we show that a fusion protein comprising FH domains 6 and 7 fused to human IgG1 Fc (FH6,7/Fc) bound to 15 wild-type antimicrobial resistant isolates of N. gonorrhoeae and to each of six lgtA gonococcal deletion mutants. FH6,7/Fc mediated complement-dependent killing of 8 of the 15 wild-type gonococcal isolates and effectively reduced the duration and burden of vaginal colonization of three gonococcal strains tested in wild-type mice, including two strains that resisted complement-dependent killing but on which FH6,7/Fc enhanced C3 deposition. FH/Fc lost efficacy when Fc was mutated to abrogate C1q binding and in C1q−/− mice, highlighting the requirement of the classical pathway for its activity. Targeting gonococci with FH6,7/Fc provides an additional immunotherapeutic approach against multidrug-resistant gonorrhea.
Stress and burnout in anesthesia residency: an exploratory case study of peer support groups
Authors: Spence Jessica , Smith David , Wong Anne
Published: September 2018

Stress and burnout are alarmingly prevalent in anesthesiologists, with the highest risk occurring during anesthesia residency training. To better understand this phenomenon, we conducted a mixed methods case study of our anesthesia training program to explore the residents’ accounts of stress and burnout and the potential value of peer support groups. Eight out of thirty eight residents participated in nine monthly peer support group (PSG) meetings followed by a focus group interview about stress and burnout in training and the value of PSG. We compared the participants’ mean pre-and post-PSG Maslach Burnout Inventory® (MBI) and Perceived Stress Scale® (PSS) and analysed the focus group interview for recurring themes. We captured the perspectives of twenty seven out of thirty residents who did not participate in support groups (non-participants) through an online survey on stress and burnout. We found evidence of a high prevalence of stress and burnout from the MBI and PSS scores and survey responses. Analysis of the focus group interview showed that the specific stressors of anesthesia training included: an individually-based model of training that predisposes to isolation from peers, an over-reliance on the quality of the faculty-resident relationship and the critical, high stakes nature of the profession. Residents strongly endorsed the value of PSG in decreasing isolation, enhancing validation, and support through the sharing of experiences. Lack of dedicated time and integration into the training program were major barriers to PSG participation. These barriers need to be overcome in order to fully realize its role in mitigating stress and burnout.
The introduction of the medicinal partner in direct-to-consumer advertising: Viagra’s contribution to pharmaceutical fetishism and patient-as-consumer discourse in healthcare
Authors: Applequist Janelle
Published: September 2018

Pfizer, manufacturer of the erectile dysfunction prescription treatment Viagra, has been a staple in the pharmaceutical advertising arena since broadcast versions of such ads became legally permissible in the United States in 1997. Given that the patent for Viagra is soon set to expire, it is important that research take a look back in an attempt to contextualize the brand’s place in shaping medicinal marketing culture. Of particular interest is the period beginning in 2014, when Viagra’s most unconventional campaign yet began using a tactic that was the first of its kind for the pharmaceutical industry. By removing the actual consumer of the medication from these ads (males), Viagra has paved the way for pharmaceutical advertising to target the medicinal partner. This manuscript reviews the first use of the medicinal partner in the pharmaceutical advertising sector, conducting a textual analysis of Viagra’s use of this mediated relationship. The medicinal partner is the pharmaceutical industry’s attempt to target a patient’s social circle in an effort to promote a discourse that suggests a medicinal remedy for a problem. This analysis describes how social meaning and relationships underlie the market transaction of obtaining a prescription, as has been previously established through the processes of medicalization and pharmaceutical fetishism. These advertisements create belief in the larger sense, meaning Pfizer is infiltrating upon the patient’s process of choice and consumption of medicinal remedies. Viagra is simultaneously encouraging male consumers to celebrate the brand while using female ambassadors to influence the decision to request medicinal intervention.
Removing mental health barriers to education: A community project
Authors: Schoeman Renata , Enright Jena , James Anelet , Vermeulen Cornelia , De Beer Nic
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder in children – affecting 2% to 16% of the school-age population (National Resource Centre on AD/HD, 2013). However, in South Africa, data on prevalence rates, access to care and treatment for ADHD are limited and research is lacking. Many children- especially those in underprivileged communities- suffering from ADHD remain undiagnosed, or if diagnosed, do not receive optimal treatment. The Goldilocks and The Bear Foundation provides screening for ADHD and other mental health disorders to learners at school level. We will be presenting the statistics compiled for the first year of operation (July 2017 – June 2018).Methods: In the schools visited, children are referred to the Foundation by the School Based Support. Collateral information is obtained from educators and parents, and parental consent secured before any child is evaluated. Trained nurses do the basic physical screening and behavioural observations for each child. All information is collated and controlled by a trained psychiatrist or psychologist, who determine the possible diagnosis and refer accordingly (either to the community clinic, school doctor, optometrists, audiologists, educational psychologist or occupational psychologist). A detailed database was built capturing all the aforementioned information.Results: We have visited 18 schools (N = 12 447), of which 13 schools participated (N = 8780). A total of 543 children (6.2%) from the school population were screened. The ratio of boys to girls was 2:1, with an age range of 5–14 years. Of the children included in the current analysis (to be updated at the end of the study period), 2.7% were diagnosed with ADHD and 0.67% with depression and/or anxiety. Further detail will be provided with regard to risk factors and comorbid conditions and problem areas.Conclusion: Although mental health clinics exist in the public sector, children with ADHD often never reach this point of diagnosis and treatment because of a lack of awareness and knowledge in their communities. Improved outcomes are possible to achieve if patients suffering from ADHD are diagnosed as such and receive multi-modal intervention – which would include psychopharmacological interventions, behavioural interventions and support.
Group synchronization on grids
Authors: Abbe Emmanuel , Massoulié Laurent , Montanari Andrea , Sly Allan , Srivastava Nikhil
Published: September 2018

Group synchronization requires to estimate unknown elements

(\boldsymbol{\theta}_v)_{v\in V}

of a compact group

\mathfrak G

associated to the vertices of a graph

G=(V,E)

, using noisy observations of the group differences associated to the edges. This model is relevant to a variety of applications ranging from structure from motion in computer vision to graph localization and positioning, to certain families of community detection problems.

We focus on the case in which the graph

G

is the

d

-dimensional grid. Since the unknowns

\boldsymbol{\theta}_v

are only determined up to a global action of the group, we consider the following weak recovery question. Can we determine the group difference

\boldsymbol{\theta}_u^{-1}\boldsymbol{\theta}_v

between far apart vertices

u, v

better than by random guessing? We prove that weak recovery is possible (provided the noise is small enough) for

d\ge 3

and, for certain finite groups, for

d\ge 2

. Vice-versa, for some continuous groups, we prove that weak recovery is impossible for

d=2

. Finally, for strong enough noise, weak recovery is always impossible.
Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities in the Precision Agriculture Workforce: An Industry Survey
Authors: Erickson Bruce , Fausti Scott , Clay David , Clay Sharon
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

Needed skills are changing for agriculturalists working in precision farming.

It is often difficult for agribusiness to find qualified candidates to fill positions.

Different sets of skills are needed for equipment operators, agronomists, equipment technicians, technical support, and sales positions.

Precision agriculture encompasses a set of related technologies aimed at better utilizing crop inputs, increasing yield and quality, reducing production risks, and enabling information flow throughout the crop supply and end‐use chains. As agricultural businesses invest in precision offerings, their capacity to provide these products and services will depend on their ability to hire and retain employees with appropriate proficiency as defined in their knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs). A 2015 survey of agricultural retailers examined the minimum educational requirements retailers were seeking in their hires, along with the importance of a list of KSAs for the various positions that they customarily fill. The positions included equipment operators, sales specialists, technical support, and agronomists. The KSAs included specifics, such as the ability to install, calibrate, troubleshoot, and repair equipment; knowledge of precision agriculture software; and also more broad skills such as effective written and verbal communication and in making agronomy recommendations. As expected, retailers expressed different educational minimums and different levels of importance for various positions. Overwhelmingly, the retailers indicated difficulty in finding qualified candidates and a predominance of candidates with low or deficient proficiency in areas they rated important. The survey was accomplished using email lists from both CropLife and the Certified Crop Adviser program.
Variation in Triple Aim Measures: Implications of Clinical Signatures in Family Medicine Residency Programs
Authors: Page Cristen P. , Reid Alfred , Drostin Christina , Newton Warren P.
Published: September 2018

Background

Evidence from several specialties suggests that practice patterns developed in residency influence the quality and cost of care long after completion of training. Improving the quality, cost, and patient experience of care (the “Triple Aim”) is foundational to future health systems change.

Objective

We measured variation in Triple Aim measures among family medicine residency programs in a regional quality improvement collaborative (I3 Population Health Collaborative).

Methods

We calculated medians and interquartile ranges for each of 11 Triple Aim measures and compared them with median splits of population and practice characteristics, including payer mix, patient race and age, electronic health record used, registry use, and National Committee for Quality Assurance patient-centered medical home recognition.

Results

All 22 participating family medicine residency programs provided baseline data. The number of practices reporting data on individual measures ranged from 9 to 17 (41%–77%). We found variation averaging 51% across all measures, from a low of 12% for readmission rates to 94% for emergency department visit rates. Variations were stable over time. We found no significant relationships between practice or population characteristics and measures, nor between practice characteristics and outcomes variation.

Conclusions

The 22 family medicine residency programs in our study showed substantial variation in quality, cost, and patient experience of care. These variations did not appear to result from differences in practice characteristics, payer mix, or patient demographics.
Abstracts of the 43rd Symposium on Cuniculture, ASESCU
Authors: Conferences, Congresses, Symposiums... Abstracts,
Published: September 2018

The 43rd Congress of the Spanish Association of Cuniculture (ASESCU) was held in Calamocha (Teruel province, Aragon region, Spain) from 30th to 31st May 2018, hosted by the Cooperative Society “Esperanza del Jiloca” (CEJI) and the City Council of Calamocha. The three main talks focused on strategies against antibiotic resistance in rabbit farming: one explaining the relevance of this problem and the responsibility of each agent to improve it, another expounding the “Spanish National Plan against Antibiotic Resistance”, and the third showing the first milestones reached in reducing antibiotic use on rabbit farms. Specific sessions were devoted to explaining the outcomes of the three research projects supported by the partnership between the Spanish Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA) and the Rabbit Meat Marketing Board (INTERCUN): one related to welfare and health of rabbit does under different housing systems, the second devoted to the prevention and control of rabbit viral diseases, and the third investigating the etiopathogeny and control of epizootic rabbit enteropathy. In addition, the role and operation of INTERCUN was highlighted. The Chair of ASESCU spoke about this association’s role in the IDCURA project, a working group focused on innovation and divulgation in reducing antibiotic use in rabbit farming. The closing speech explained the workings of LONCUN, the latest reference market for benchmark prices of rabbit meat activated in Spain. Moreover, a total of 20 communications were presented both in working sessions with oral messages and posters (nutrition, pathology, biosecurity and sustainability, housing and welfare, and reproduction and genetics). The meeting was attended by more than 210 participants from several European, American and African countries. Abstracts of the contributions presented are reported below.
Climatology in Asian dust activation and transport based on MISR
satellite observations and trajectory analysis
Authors: Yu Yan , Kalashnikova Olga V. , Garay Michael J. , Notaro Michael
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Asian dust, primarily emitted from the Taklamakan and Gobi Deserts, has been reported to reach remote destinations, such as North America. However, the relative contribution of the Taklamakan and Gobi Deserts to dust loadings through long-range transport remains unaddressed in any observational study. Here, the climatology of Asian dust activation and transport is investigated using stereo observations of dust sources from the Multiangle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument combined with observation-initiated trajectory modeling. MISR-derived dust injection height and dust plume motion vectors confirm the peak of dust activation and transport potential in spring over the Gobi Desert and in both spring and summer over the Taklamakan Desert. The long-range transport patterns of Asian dust, including the influence on North America through trans-Pacific transport, are assessed using extensive forward trajectories initiated by MISR dust plume observations. The trajectory analysis reveals latitude-dependent influence of dust from the Taklamakan and Gobi deserts, with Taklamakan dust dominantly affecting to the south of 50° N and Gobi dust primarily affecting to the north of 50° N in North America. The Asian dust activation and transport exhibit substantial seasonal and interannual variability, motivating future studies on the potential drivers.
Effects of turbulence structure and urbanization on the heavy haze
pollution process
Authors: Ren Yan , Zhang Hongsheng , Wei Wei , Wu Bingui , Cai Xuhui , Song Yu
Published: September 2018

Abstract. In this paper, an automated algorithm, which is used to identify the spectral gap during the heavy haze pollution process, reconstruct acquired data, and obtain pure turbulence data, is developed. Comparisons of the reconstructed turbulent flux and eddy covariance (EC) flux show that there are overestimations regarding the exchange between the surface and the atmosphere during heavy haze pollution episodes. After reconstruction via the automated algorithm, pure turbulence data can be obtained. We introduce a definition to characterize the local intermittent strength of turbulence (LIST). The trend in the LIST during pollution episodes shows that when pollution is more intense, the LIST is smaller, and intermittency is stronger; when pollution is weaker, the LIST is larger, and intermittency is weaker. During the heavy pollution process, air quality on an hourly scale is determined via turbulent motion. At the same time, the LIST at the city site is greater than that at the suburban site, which means that intermittency over the complex city area is weaker than that over the flat terrain area. Urbanization seems to reduce intermittency during heavy haze pollution episodes, which means that urbanization reduces the degree of weakening in turbulent exchange during pollution episodes. This result is confirmed by comparing the average diurnal variations in turbulent fluxes at urban and suburban sites during polluted and clean periods. The sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, momentum flux, and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in urban and suburban areas are all affected when pollution occurs. Material and energy exchanges between the surface and the atmosphere are inhibited. Moreover, the impact of the pollution process on suburban areas is much greater than that on urban areas. Urbanization seems to help reduce the consequences of pollution.
The measurement of atmospheric CO2 at KMA/GAW regional stations,
the characteristics, and comparisons with other East Asian sites
Authors: Lee Haeyoung , Han Sang-Ok , Ryoo Sang-Boom , Lee Jeong-soon , Lee Gang-woong
Published: September 2018

Abstract. To understand the carbon cycle at policy-relevant spatial scales, a high density of high-quality CO2 measurement sites is needed. In 2012, the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) installed CO2 monitoring systems at Anmyeondo (AMY) in west, Jeju Gosan Suwolbong (JGS) in south-west and Ulleungdo (ULD) in east parts of Korea. Three stations were instrumented with identical greenhouse gas measurement systems based on Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) and a new drying system developed by KMA and Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS). This drying system is suitable in the humid areas; water vapour measured by the CRDS in ambient air was 0.001 to 0.004 % across the stations. Measurement uncertainties expressed by the quadrature sum of the uncertainties from the drying system, scale propagations, repeatability, and reproducibility were ~ 0.11 ppm from all KMA stations in 68 % confidence interval. Average monthly CO2 enhancements above the local background at each station were 4.3 ± 3.3 ppm at AMY, 1.7 ± 1.3 ppm at JGS and  ± 1.9 ppm (1σ) at ULD respectively during 2012 to 2016. At AMY station, located between China and Korea, CO2 annual means and seasonal variations are also greater than the other KMA stations indicating that it is affected not only by local vegetation, but also added anthropogenic sources. Selected baseline CO2 at AMY and at JGS in the west part of Korea are more sensitive to East Asia according to wind direction and speed. Through the comparison of long-term trends and growth rates at AMY with other East Asian stations over 15 years, it was suggested that they could be affected by not only local vegetation but also measurement quality.
Potential for phenol biodegradation in cloud waters
Authors: Lallement Audrey , Besaury Ludovic , Tixier Elise , Sancelme Martine , Amato Pierre , Vinatier Virginie , Canet Isabelle , Polyakova Olga V. , Artaev Viatcheslay B. , Lebedev Albert T. , Deguillaume Laurent , Mailhot Gilles , Delort Anne-Marie
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Phenol is toxic and can be found in many environments, in particular in the
atmosphere due to its high volatility. It can be emitted directly from
manufacturing processes or natural sources, and it can also result from
benzene oxidation. Although phenol biodegradation by microorganisms has been
studied in many environments, the cloud medium has not been investigated yet
as the discovery of active microorganisms in cloud is rather recent. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the potential degradation of
phenol by cloud microorganisms. Phenol concentrations were measured by GC-MS
on two cloud samples collected at the PUY station (summit of Puy de Dôme,
1465 m a.s.l., France): they ranged from 0.15 to
0.21 µg L−1. The strategy for investigating its potential biodegradation involved a
metatranscriptomic analysis and metabolic screening of bacterial strains
from cloud water collected at the PUY station for phenol degradation
capabilities (from the 145 tested strains, 33 were isolated for this work). Among prokaryotic messenger RNA-enriched metatranscriptomes obtained from
three cloud water samples, which were different from those used for phenol quantification,
we detected transcripts of genes coding for enzymes involved in phenol
degradation (phenol monooxygenases and phenol hydroxylases) and its main
degradation product, catechol (catechol 1,2-dioxygenases). These enzymes were
likely from Gammaproteobacteria, a dominant class in clouds, more
specifically the genera Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas. Bacterial isolates from cloud water samples (Pseudomonas spp.,
Rhodococcus spp., and strains from the Moraxellaceae family) were
screened for their ability to degrade phenol: 93 % of the 145 strains
tested were positive. These findings highlight the possibility of phenol
degradation by microorganisms in clouds. Metatranscriptomic analysis suggested that phenol could be
biodegraded in clouds, while 93 % of 145 bacterial strains isolated from
clouds were able to degrade phenol.