bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Yttrium on Cyclic Oxidation Resistance of Co-10Cr-5Si Alloy
Authors: Xiang Jun Huai , Xu Xian Chao , Bai Ling Yun , Zheng Yun Xiang , Zhang Huai Shu
Published: September 2013

The cyclic oxidation behavior of Co-10Cr-5Si alloys with and without Y in atmosphere at 800 °C was investigated. The addition of 0.3 at.% Y decreased the average parabolic rate constant from 4.45×10-10g2cm-2s-1to 3.58×10-10g2cm-2s-1. The thin scales grown on Co-10Cr-5Si alloys were mainly composed of an outer CoO layer, followed by an inner protective SiO2layer. However, the scales can not be observed for Co-10Cr-5Si-0.3Y alloy, probably due to the spallation of the scales during the cooling process. The addition of 0.3 at.% Y improved the cyclic oxidation resistance of the Co-10Cr-5Al alloy.
Fabrication and Microstructure of Zn-Sn Target Material Alloy
Authors: Shuai Ge Wang , Li You , Guo Zheng Hua
Published: September 2013

In this paper, Zn-Sn target material alloys were prepared in an electric resistance furnace. The effects of cooling condition on casting macro-defect, microstructure and segregation of ingots during solidification have been investigated by SEM and EDX analyses. The results show that the alloys casted in air-cooled and water-cooled steel moulds have not apparent casting macro-defects. The measured Sn concentration of alloys is very close to the nominal composition. The microstructures of Zn-Sn alloys are consisting of Zn-rich primary dendrite phase and divorced eutectic Sn-rich phase. The ingots solidified in water-cooled steel moulds have smaller grains than in air-cooled moulds.
The Effect of Grain Size and Cl-Concentration on the Passive Behavior of Cu in Borate Buffer Solution
Authors: Zhong Qi Jun , Yu Li Bin , Xiao Yi , Wang Yi , Zhou Qiong Yu , Zhong Qing Dong
Published: September 2013

Effect of grain size and Cl-concentration on corrosion behavior of Cu was investigated by using a series of electrochemical analysis in borate buffer solution (pH=8.40).The results indicated that in all cases, the Mott-Schottky plots of the passive films on the surface of Cu were linear with negative slop, and showed behavior of the p-type semiconductor.With the decrease of the grain size and the increase of anode passivation potential, the acceptor density (NA) of the passivation film on the surface of Cu was reducing. As the concentration of Cl-in the medium solution was heightening, the acceptor density (NA) of the passivation film on the surface of Cu was increasing.
Investigating Electrochemical Inhomogeneity on Phosphating Process of Nano-SiO2 Additive Using Wire-Beam Electrode
Authors: Xiao Yi , Gu Jian Feng , Yu Li Bin , Wang Yi , Zhong Qing Dong
Published: September 2013

In this paper, nanoSiO2used to be an accelerator of Zinc phosphatization for electrochemical inhomogeneity in the process of phosphate coatings on carbon steel by wire-beam electrode. The open circuit potential of the phosphated samples was analyzed using average method. The result showed the large influence of nanoSiO2on the nucleation and growth of the phosphate coatings.
The Effect of Cl- Concentration on the Corrosion Behavior of Electroplated Cu-Ni-W Alloy Coating
Authors: Xiao Yi , Yu Li Bin , Zhong Qi Jun , Gu Jian Feng , Zhou Qiong Yu , Zhong Qing Dong
Published: September 2013

Cu-Ni-W alloy coating was electroplated on the surface of mild steel and the effect of Cl- concentration on its corrosion behavior was evaluated in this paper. Polarization techniques and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) have been used to investigate the corrosion behavior in aqueous solution contain various Cl-. The results showed that The increased Cl- is prejudice for the Cu-Ni-W coating from 0.01 to 0.3 mol/L, and the critical value of Cl- content is 0.3 mol/L, the coating corrosion present better resistance when immerse in the solution with Cl- content exceeds the critical value or more .
Corrosion Characteristics of Friction Stir Welded AZ31 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Shen Chang Bin
Published: September 2013

A comparative evaluation of the corrosion behavior of friction stir welded AZ31 weldments under immersion and electrochemical tests was revealed. Extruded Mg alloy plates of 6 mm thick of AZ31 grade were butt welded using friction stir welding (FSW) process. The specimens were exposed to immersion and polarization environments in order to evaluate their corrosion rates at the corrosive media containing Cl-with different pH values. This research work proves a better corrosion resistance of AZ31 magnesium alloy welds at the alkaline solution than the acidic and the neutral solutions.
Hot Deformation Behavior of Cu-Ag Alloy for Cu Cladding Al Contact Wire
Authors: Zhang Ying Hui , Wang Jin , Jiang Ke , Yang Bin
Published: September 2013

Cu-Ag alloy is using for Cu Cladding Al Contact Wire, it was formed by continuous extrusion. The flow stress behavior of Cu-Ag alloy for Cu cladding Al contact wire was studied by hot compression experiments using Gleeble-1500 hot simulation machine. The flow stress mathematical models of the Arrhenius relationship of the hyperbolic sine function are established including hot deformation activation energy, deformation temperature and strain rate. The results may be using in numerical simulation for forming.
The (G'/G,1/G)-Expansion Method for Solving the (2+1)-Dimensional Breaking Soliton Equations
Authors: Yang Yun Jie , Zhao Yun Mei , He Yan
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the-expansion method is applied to construct more general exact travelling solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equations. The travelling wave solutions are expressed by the hyperbolic functions, the trigonometric functions and the rational functions.
An Efficient Image Retrieval Based on Combined Features
Authors: Su Ching Hung , Chiu Huang Sen , Abd Wahab Mohd Helmy , Hsieh Tsai Ming
Published: September 2013

An efficient image retrieval scheme to retrieve images is proposed based on the issue of texture and color space features extractions. The algorithm for an effective image retrieval scheme to retrieve images is presented. We propose a scheme using color and texture features and address the unique algorithm to extract the color pixel features by the HSV color space and the texture features of Homogeneous Texture Descriptor (HTD). The proposed scheme transfers each image to a quantized color code using the regulations of the properties in compliance with HSV color space model and then employing the quantized color code along with the texture feature of Homogeneous Texture Descriptor (HTD) to compare the images of database. Experimental of the proposed scheme performed on SIMPLIcity image database to demonstrate more efficient and effective than the conventional schemes.
The Vegetable Quality and Safety Traceability Model Research in China
Authors: Ma Chen , Li Jin , Liu Li Hong , Guo Mei Rong
Published: September 2013

Establishment of the mature vegetable products safety traceability system to ensure the quality and safety of vegetable products is conducive to the relevant departments to supervise the vegetable products safety, improve production enterprises operating integrity, enhance consumer confidence and loyalty, promote the process of China's Three rural construction, and expand overseas markets. This article based on analysis of influencing factors of product quality and safety constraints of vegetables, and puts forward vegetable quality and safety traceability mode. Starting from the vegetables production processes, vegetable agriculture & supermarket interfacing traceability model, vegetables agriculture & wholesale interfacing and traceability model and vegetables spending traceability subsystem was analyzed from the critical control points of view.
Imputed Estimation For Varying Coefficient Models with Missing Covariates
Authors: Zhao Pei Xin
Published: September 2013

By using the imputation-based estimating equation method, an imputed estimation procedure for the coefficient functions is proposed. The proposed procedure can attenuate the effect of the missing data, and performs well for the finite sample.
Attractor and Invariance of a Class of Chaotic Dynamic Systems
Authors: Yang Hua , Jiang Feng
Published: September 2013

Chaos has been found to be very useful and has great potential in information and computer sciences and so on. In the paper a class of chaotic dynamic systems is studied. Moreover, the globally exponentially attractive set and positive invariant set of the chaos systems are given under some conditions. Finally an example is given to illustrate the result.
Potentials and Limits of Oxidative Photocatalysisand Possible Applications in the Field of Cultural Heritage
Authors: Cannistraro Giuseppe , Cannistraro Mauro , Piccolo Antonio , Restivo Roberta
Published: September 2013

The preservation of religious art work sees the coexistence of opposing needs: first of all the fruition of the works themselves. This is ensured by promoting accessibility to a wider audience and setting up environments improving both the visibility of artifacts and well-being of guests. The second is the obvious need to protect objects exposed to the degradation caused by environmental factors. This can be reachead by creating suitable conditions for their own preservation. The works of art are made up of antique and composite materials ; their proper preservation advices vary from case to case according to the kind of materials they are made of. In many cases the ideal environmental conditions for the objects are not compatible with the most appropriate ones for the audience. Usually the compromise solution is not so simple also because the is often object to physical contact by the faithful , subjected to frequent expositions and microclimate changes related to temperature and humidity excursions and connected to the presence of total suspended particulate (TSP) mainly from intensive uncombusted residue smoking from incense and votive candles.
Compressive Strength Prediction of T300/QY8911 Composite Subjected to Moisture and Temperature Environment Condition
Authors: Zha Guo Qing , Zhang Yong Bo
Published: September 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of moisture and temperature on the compressive strength of T300/QY8911 composites that tend to be used as structural parts of aircrafts. In aeronautical applications, the composites are exposed to severe environmental conditions, and it is known that hot and humid environments can degrade some aspects of the material performance especially the compressive strength. In this paper, an experimental study was carried out to determine the damage progressions. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was also employed for fractographic investigations. It is observed that the failure of specimens tested in hot and wet conditions always occurs as a result of out-of-plane microbuckling that is attributed to the reduction of matrix strength. Fiber microbuckling model, fiber kinking model and combined model were employed for the compressive strength prediction of the unidirectional T300/QY8911 composites subjected to different environment conditions. Results show that the combined model is more suitable for the compressive strength prediction of T300/QY8911 composite systems when suffering severe environment conditions.
Polycalixresorcinarenes as Solid Polyelectrolytes
Authors: Ostapova Elena , Altshuler Heinrich
Published: September 2013

The electrical conductivity of network polytetraphenylcalix [resorcinarene (I) and sulfonated polytetraphenylcalix [resorcinarene (II) in the form of Н+, Na+ , Li+, Ag+, Ba2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ cations was measured. It was found that the specific conductivity of the polymers in the form of doubly-charged metal cations was 0.2-0.4 S/m. It increased to 1-1.5 S/m when the polymer was in the form of singly-charged metal cations. The specific conductivity of the H-form polymer II became as high as 20 S/m. The self-diffusion coefficients and activation energies of metal cation diffusion in the polymer phase were calculated over the temperature range 298333 K.
The Effect of Additives on the Microstructure and Properties of BaTiO3 Ceramics
Authors: Lara A. , Yuan P. , Ghezzo F. , Miao X. , Zhao Z.
Published: September 2013

Doped BaTiO3 powders were sintered by slip casting. Sintering was performed at the temperature of 1300oC, for 180 min holding time, in a conventional furnace. Additives were varied to study their effect on the densification and both dielectric and mechanical properties. The relative density of the obtained material was high, up to 96.5 0.6 % the theoretical density for the BaTiO3-Al2O3 composition. For these samples, their mechanical and dielectric properties have been studied.
Comparison of Spectrophotometry, FAAS and ICP-OES Methods for the Determination of Trace Iron in Solar Glass
Authors: Han Yan Gang , Chen Hong Bo , Peng Jing , Ding Hao , He Qiao Sang
Published: September 2013

Solar glass of low iron content plays an important role to increase the optical absorption of solar cells. The national standard stipulates the iron content in the glass without specified testing method. In this paper, we conducted three parallel analytical methods (1,10-Phenanthroline spectrophotometry, FAAS and ICP-OES) to determine the iron content in the same glass and evaluated the results in terms of detection limit, accuracy and precision. Although all three methods can detect the existence of iron, the analytical results are different to some extent. At last we propose a preferred method for commercial solar glass monitoring.
Mutation Analysis of a Thermostable Exo-ß-D-Glucosaminidase from the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Pyrococcus Horikoshii and Comparison with Two Mesophilic Exo-ß-D-Glucosaminidases
Authors: Shi Hui Hui , Gao Yan Yan , Liu Tian Ming , Liu Bo
Published: September 2013

The mechanism of thermostabilization of the thermostable exo-ß-D-glucosaminidase (Bglph) from Pyrococcus horikoshii was investigated. Conserved domains analysis and C-terminal truncated mutation showed that the C-terminal region was indispensable for the enzymes thermostability. Two site directed mutagenesis proteins (C103A and C103AandC550A) were as active as the native enzyme and showed no structural difference with the native enzyme. By comparison with two mesophilic exo-ß-D-glucosaminidases (CsxA and CsxT) from actinomycetes Amycolatopsis orientalis and fungi Trichoderma reesei respectively, it was shown that the amino acids composition of Bglph was consistent with its high thermostability, hydrophobic interactions, homodimerization and ion pairs could play key roles. These results presented the overall properties of the thermostability of Bglph from diverse aspects.
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Rice Husk via Semi-Batch Reactor Using L9 Taguchi Orthogonal Array
Authors: Dang Khanh Vi , Yusup Suzana , Uemura Yoshimitsu , Nuruddin Mohd Fadhil
Published: September 2013

The market demand of bio-fuel is 11,8 billion litters based on recent reported data. Hence, with the high demand of bio-fuel, the bio-fuel production utilizing rice husk can be one of the solutions. Beside, bio-oil can be produced by pyrolysis process utilizing rice husk as the feedstock. In this research, the optimization condition in producing bio-oil from rice husk by catalytic pyrolysis process was studied. The effect of catalyst type (H-β, H-Y, HZSM-5), catalyst loading (1wt%, 5wt%, 12wt%), temperature (400-500°C) and flow rate (60-100ml/min) were investigated through repetitive experiments using L9 Taguchi Orthogonal Array. The highest liquid yield of 38wt% was obtained at the optimum conditions with temperature of 500°C with nitrogen flow rate of 60ml/min and 12wt% of H-ZSM-5.
Preparation and Properties of Emulsion Type Sizing Agent for Carbon Fiber
Authors: Li Shun , Ge He Yi , Liu Hua Shi , Wang Dong Zhi
Published: September 2013

The epoxy resin and polyalkylene glycol allyl glycidyl ether (AEPH) were used to prepare the emulsion type epoxy sizing agents for carbon fiber (CF) by phase inversion emulsification method. Effects of mass ratio of mixed emulsifiers and emulsifiers/resin (ωe/r) and shear rate on stability of emulsion were investigated by centrifugal sedimentation analysis. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the surface morphology of carbon fiber. Results show that the optimal emulsion was obtained when mass ratio of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether-10 (OP-10), polysorbate-80 (Tween-80) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) was 65:25:10, ωe/rwas 9% and shear rate was 9000 r/min. The centrifugal sedimentation mass fraction of emulsion is 10.1%. SEM micrograph shows that the sizing agent forms a smooth film covering the carbon fibers.
A Fatigue Life Prediction Method for Composite Lamina
Authors: Shi Wen Jing , Zhang Yong Bo , Hu Wei Ping
Published: September 2013

In this paper, a fatigue life prediction method for fiber reinforced polymer composite lamina is proposed. Based on two independent introduced damage variables, the damage degree of fiber and the damage degree of matrix, the issue of lamina fatigue is transformed into the study of damage evolution for fiber and matrix. Subsequently, the damage driving force and the damage evolution equations for the fiber and the matrix are constructed, respectively. Then, a novel parameter identified method is conducted. Finally, with the failure criterion for the lamina presented, the fatigue life prediction method of the composite lamina is proposed.
Preparation of PEI Ultrafiltration Membrane with Excellent Thermal Resistance
Authors: Han Run Lin
Published: September 2013

Polyetherimide (PEI) with excellent solvent resistance and thermal resistance is a good membrane material which is studied in detail. PEI ultrafiltration membrane with low molecular weight cut-off is prepared by phase inversion method in this work. The membrane showed high resistance to PEG1000 which can be used in wastewater treatment with organic solvent.
Effect of Holding Time on the Microstructure of Mg-3Si-1.70Sn Alloy during Semisolid Isothermal Heat Treatment
Authors: Li Xin Lin , Chen Shu Xin , Kang Ming , Cao Jie
Published: September 2013

The microstructural evolution behavior of Mg-3Si-1.70Sn alloys during semisolid isothermal heat treatment was investigated by optical microscopy observations in the present study. With the holding time increasing, the grains evolve to be more spheroidal and 15min is adequate for the alloy to be spheroidized, after this coarsening begins to happen. The amount of the liquid islands inside α-Mg grains decreases and that of the liquid phase at the grain boundaries increases with the prolonged holding time. Moreover, the morphology of eutectic Mg2Si phases changes from the Chinese script and/or long-fiber shape to short fiber or spherical shapes during semisolid isothermal heat treatment, which can be attributed to the Rayleigh shape instability.
Multi-Channel Metamaterial Sensor Based on Split Ring Resonator
Authors: Zhang Jie , Shi Wei , Guo Mo Hai
Published: September 2013

Metamaterials are artificial materials engineered to have exotic properties that may not be found in nature, and it provides a novel tool to significantly enhance the sensitivity of sensors, and open new degrees of freedom in sensing design aspect. In this paper, a metamaterial sensor based on microstrip-line-excited SRR is developed, and its properties are analyzed in theory and simulated by full wave simulations. The results show good agreement with the theory. On this basis, single-channel sensor is extended to two channels and even four channels sensor. By observing and comparing the transmission profile by putting different sample on every channel, we found that the multi-channel sensor can work independently and posses good selectivity. Furthermore, the sensitivity of sensor will be greatly enhanced with the increase of SRR thicknesses. This work would pave a new way to design sensor with higher performance.
Effect of Selective Solvents on Self-Assembly of Cationic Amphiphilic Triblock Copolymers Q-PVBC-b-PS-B-Q-PVBC
Authors: Yang Bing Bing , Shi Yan , Fu Zhi Feng
Published: September 2013

Self-assembly behavior of an cationic amphiphilic triblock copolymer Q-PVBC -b-PS-b-Q-PVBC in DMF/water and DMF/methanol were studied. Well defined triblock copolymer PVBC-b-PS-b-PVBC was synthesized by RAFT polymerization and the cationic amphiphilic block copolymers Q-PVBC-b-PS-b-Q-PVBC was obtained by the quaternization of hydrophobic precursors with triethylamine. It is concluded that that selective solvents had a great effect on the self-assemble morphologies of the polymer. Comparing to the micelles treating water as the selective solvent, the aggregates using methanol were irregular spheres and had larger diameter.
Microstructural Refinement of Pure Copper by Friction Stir Processing
Authors: Salahi Salar , Rezazadeh Vahid , Sharbatzadeh Ali , Iranizad Atabak , Bouzary Hamed
Published: September 2013

Recently friction stir processing (FSP) was developed as a generic implement for microstructural modification based on the principles of FSW using a rotating tool inserted in a monolithic work piece which provides frictional heating and mechanical mixing. In this paper, the microstructural evolution characteristics of nugget zone were investigated during friction stir processing (FSP) of pure copper. Pure copper plates were friction stir processed to the depth of 3.4 mm at different process conditions by varying the traverse speed from 30 to 120 mm/min at rotation speeds of 400 and 600 rpm..Defects were observed in rotational speed of 400 rpm. Grain size of NZ depended significantly on plastic deformation and heat input value. By increasing traverse speed at constant rotational speed of 600 rpm grain size of the nugget zone decreased and the hardness increased. Ultimate tensile strength increased with decrease in grain size. FSP was found as an effective method to develop fine-grained microstructure in copper plates.
Strain Induced Anomalous Magnetic Ordering in Epitaxial TbMnO3 Thin Films
Authors: Wang Wei Tian , Gao Ping , Zhang Wei
Published: September 2013

Orthorhombic c-axis-oriented TbMnO3 films of 24~ 200 nm thickness were grown epitaxially on SrTiO3 (001) single crystal substrates by using pulsed laser deposition technique. The temperature (2~300 K) dependence of magnetization data were obtained on a quantum design superconducting quantum interference device. When the magnetic field was applied in the a-b plane, the magnetization evidently displayed an anomalous antiferromagnetic ordering around 156 K, which was related to the film thickness seriously. A broad transition peak at the same temperature was also observed when the applied field was along the c axis direction. The anomalies at high temperature were not observed in bulk TbMnO3 materials. These results were discussed in terms of unexpected magnetic ordering of the Mn3+ moments inducde by the interface strain between the films and the substrates.
A Comprehensive Research to Find Suitable Acid for Sandstone Acidizing
Authors: Shafiq Mian Umer , Kyaw Aung , Shuker Muhannad Talib
Published: September 2013

Stimulation of sandstone formations is a challenging task, which involves several chemicals and physical interactions of the acid with the formation. Some of these reactions may result in formation damage. Matrix acidizing may also be used to increase formation permeability in undamaged wells. Mud acid has been successfully used to stimulate sandstone reservoirs for a number of years. It is a mixture of hydrofluoric (HF) and hydrochloric (HCl) acids designed to dissolve clays and siliceous fines accumulated in the near-wellbore region. For any acidizing process, the selection of acid (Formulation and Concentration) and the design (Pre-flush, Main Acid, After-flush) is very important. Different researchers are using different combinations of acids with different concentrations to get the best results for acidization. Mainly the common practice is combination of Hydrochloric Acid and Hydrofluoric Acid with Concentration (3% HF 12% HCl). This paper presents the results of a laboratory investigation of orthophosphoric acid instead of hydrochloric acid in one combination and the second combination is fluoboric and formic acid and the third one is formic and hydrofluoric acid on undamaged low permeable sandstone formation. The results are compared with the mud acid and the results analyzed are permeability, color change and FESEM Analysis. All of these new combinations show that these have the potential to be used as acidizing acids in sandstone formations.
Influence of Vacuum Cathodic Arc Etching on Structure and Properties of W-Doped DLC Films
Authors: Fu Zhi Qiang , Wang Cheng Biao , Yue Wen , Peng Zhi Jian , Lin Song Sheng , Dai Ming Jiang
Published: September 2013

In order to further improve the deposition process of the W-doped DLC films synthesized by a hybrid deposition method of vacuum cathodic arc, ion beam deposition, and magnetron sputtering, the paper studied the effect of vacuum cathodic arc etching prior to the deposition on the surface morphology, chemical bond status, hardness, elastic modulus, adhesion, friction, and wear of the films. It was found that the surface defects in the W-doped DLC films, which increase the average value and fluctuation of the friction coefficient of the W-doped DLC films, are mainly produced by vacuum cathodic arc etching. The adhesion and wear resistance of the W-doped DLC films can be obviously improved by arc etching while arc etching has an unobvious effect on the chemical bonding status, hardness, and elastic modulus of the W-doped DLC films.
Theoretical Study on Thermal Hazardous Properties of C18H10O11 and C18H18O7 Organic Peroxides
Authors: He Yun Bo , Wang Wei , Wang Shi Xiong , Yang Xiang Jun , Guo Hong
Published: September 2013

The thermal decomposition of organic peroxides are widely used as coagulant for organic compounds, however, its thermal hazardous characteristics have already caused serious accidents in chemical industries, which limited its application in much more strict conditions. Organic peroxides of C18H10O11 and C18H18O7 are two new candidates fitted for industrial explosive. However, as we best known there is little reports available on the geometry structure in the past decades. In this work, by means of quantum chemistry calculation, the relation of safety with molecular structure of C18H10O11 and C18H18O7 are discussed. The molecules with more activity O and the activity part more dispersedly exhibit higher stable, and the configuration has good safety. All the energy of molecule b is higher than that of molecule a. The stability of different configurations are 6a>7a>8a>9a>5a>1a>4a>3a=2a and 1b>7b>5b>6b>4b>2b>3b>8b, respectively, suggesting the structures of 6a,3a,2a,1b,8b exhibit high safety.
Use of a Dielectric Glass to Join Dielectric Ceramics for Microwave Filters
Authors: Miao Xi Geng , Ghezzo Fabrizia , Liu Jing Jing , Zhao Zhi Ya , Liu Ruo Peng
Published: September 2013

Joining of ceramics with glasses has been widely used for artificial teeth, solid oxide fuel cells, electrical devices, high temperature ceramic filters, structural ceramic components for aeronautic engineering, nuclear reactors, and other applications. This study aimed to explore the possibility of using a dielectric glass to connect a dielectric ceramic resonator to a dielectric ceramic support, in order to make miniaturized microwave filters characterized by higher temperature and environmental stability and low dielectric loss. A mixed powder having Bi2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-ZnO-CaO glass as a matrix and SiO2-Al2O3-MgO as a ceramic filler was used to join the dielectric ceramic resonators made of the CaTiO3-NdAlO3-Al2O3 system to the dielectric ceramic supports made of the ZnO-TiO2-Al2O3-MgO system. In spite of the strong interfacial bonding obtained, microcracks were observed in the joined bodies, suggesting that not only the dielectric loss of the bonding layer but also the match of the thermal expansion coefficients of the components to be joined should be carefully considered and tailored.
Functional Vibro Pressed Pavement with Ecological Benefits
Authors: Novosad Petr , Přikryl Jan , Louda Pavel , Holák Michal , Válek Jaroslav , Svora Petr , Hela Rudolf , Zhu Jian Guo
Published: September 2013

The paper describes results of functional tests of photo catalytic materials directly in matrix of prefabricated vibro pressed pavement blocks. Resulting surfaces of photo catalytic concrete products were tested with respect to conversion of NOx and surface was analyzed with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), so called element maps were elaborated by means of Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS).
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Annealed Pure Copper Joints
Authors: Salahi Salar , Rezazadeh Vahid , Iranizad Atabak , Hosseinzadeh Ali , Safari Amir
Published: September 2013

As a novel technique for joining materials, friction stir welding (FSW) has significant advantages over the conventional welding methods and is widely applied for joining different materials including aluminum, magnesium and copper alloys. In this research, the mechanical and microstructural characteristics of friction stir welded annealed pure copper joints were investigated. The influence of the tool rotation speed, welding speed and applied load was studied. The friction stir welding (FSW) was conducted at welding speed ranged from 30 to 70 mm/ min, rotation speed ranged from 400 to 1200rpm and applied load ranged from 1000 to 1500 kg. After welding process, tensile and Vickers hardness tests were performed. It has been found that increasing the tool rotational speed and/or reducing the welding speed increases heat input and causes grain coarsening in stir zone. High applied load refines the microstructure of NZ and increases the hardness and tensile strength of NZ. An optimum heat input condition was found to reach the best mechanical properties of the joints. The tensile characteristics of the friction stir welded tensile samples depend significantly on the tool rotation speed ,welding speed and applied load.
Experimental Investigation of Notched CCF300/QY8911 Composite Laminates Subjected to Tension Load
Authors: Fu Hui Min , Yang Xin , Zhang Yong Bo , Wang Zhi Hua
Published: September 2013

An experimental study was carried out to determine the notched tension characteristics of CCF300 fiber reinforced composite subjected to the normal and hygrothermal environment condition. In both conditions, the pull-out propagation was the ultimate failure mode of these specimens. The damage growth can be divided into four separate stages. In the hygrothermal environment condition, greater damage occurred, length of splitting increased and off axis plies were extensively pull-out from the adjacent plies.
Formation of Surface Nanoaustenite and Properties of 3Cr13 Steel Induced by Pulsed Electron Beam Irradiation under Melting Mode
Authors: Ji Le , Cai Jie , Liu Shi Chao , Zhang Zai Qiang , Hou Xiu Li , Lv Yi Ping , Guan Qing Feng
Published: September 2013

The surface of 3Cr13 martensitic stainless steel was irradiated by high current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB). The microstructures of the irradiation surface were characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. After HCPEB irradiation, formation of a melting layer with depth of about 4 μm on the irradiated surface was determined. Further microstructural investigations indicate that the surface melted layer consists of nanoaustenite and ultrafine carbide particles, which primarily appear at grain boundary triple junction. Additionally, the microhardness and corrosion resistance of the irradiated surfaces was improved significantly. The formation of the nanoaustenite layer induced by HCPEB irradiation was believed to be the dominating reasons for the improvement of comprehensive performance of the material surface.
Charge Trapping Properties of Au Nanocrystals with Various Sizes for Non-Volatile Memory Applications
Authors: Tang Rui Fan , Huang Kai , Lin Guang Yang , Wu Huan Da , Li Chen , Lai Hong Kai
Published: September 2013

Charge trapping properties of Au nanocrystals (NCs) with various sizes and densities embedded in metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) were investigated. Comparing with the Nc size, experimental results show that the NC spacing is more influential in electron trapping. Au NCs with the size of 8~13nm have larger memory window than the Au NCs of 13-17nm and 6-8nm, which can be ascribe to the higher field-enhancement effect caused by the larger NC spacing. Optimized NC size can improve the specific characteristic of memory device effectively.
The Magnetic Properties of FeCoNbB Nanocrystalline Films
Authors: Mao Xing Yu , Ke Zhi Jian , Zou Wei Dong , Lin Qiu Bao , Wu Yan
Published: September 2013

The nanocrystalline FeCoNbB films are made by magnetron sputtering. The magnetization saturation of the filmes increase with the film thickness. The complex permeability spectra of the samples vary with the thickness of the film as well. The relaxation frequency is much higher than that of FeCoNbB ribbons because of magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The amplitude of the real part of the permeability decreases with the rising thickness of the film. This phenomenon suggest that the random anisotropy theory is to somewhat applicable for thin films. The X-ray diffraction pattern and the shape of the hysteresis loop show the crystal grains grow with the increase of the film thickness and also result a deterioration in magnetic softness.
Tris (2, 2, 2-Trifluoroethyl) Phosphate (TFP) as Flame-Retarded Additives for Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Shi Xiong , He Yun Bo , Yang Xiang Jun , Guo Hong
Published: September 2013

With high energy density, long cycle life and high voltage Lithium-ion batteries are one of very promising pollution-free power supply. The electrolytes for these batteries consist of flammable organic solvents which are serious hazard under abusive conditions especially for large-scale lithium batteries. To reduce flammability of electrolyte of lithium-ion batteries and resolve safety problem, Tris (2, 2, 2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate (TFP) was synthesized and added into electrolytes as additive. It was found that the SET decreased significantly with the increase of the concentration of TFP. When the concentration is over 20% (vol.) electrolytes are nonflammable. At the same time, with the concentration increasing, the ion-conductivity decreased and the discharge capacity also came down slowly. The electrochemistry stability of LiCoO2 cathode was improved. According to our study, it is possible to find a cosolvent or additive that makes nonflammable lithium-ion electrolyte be put into practice.
Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Determination of Trace Hemin Basing on Aptamer-Modified Nanogold Catalysis of HAuCl4-Vitamine C
Authors: Dong Jin Chao , Liang Ai Hui , Jiang Zhi Liang
Published: September 2013

Hemin aptamer was used to modify gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to obtain a stable aptamer-nanogold probe (AussDNA). In the condition of pH 8.0 Tris-HCl buffer solution containing 50mmol/L NaCl, the substrate chain of AussDNA was cracked by hemin to produce a short single-stranded DNA(ssDNA) and then further combined with hemin to form a stable hemin-ssDNA conjugate. The AuNPs released from AussDNA would be aggregated in the condition of 50mmol/L NaCl and exhibited a strong resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak at 368nm. Under the selected conditions, the increased RRS intensity (ΔI368nm) was linear to hemin concentration in the range of 5-750nmol/L, with a detection limit of 66 pmol/L. This RRS method was applied to determination of residual hemin in serum samples, with satisfactory results. The remnant AussDNA in the solution exhibited a strong catalytic activity on the gold particle reaction of HAuCl4-vitamine C (VC) that can be monitored by RRS technique at 368 nm. When the hemin concentration increased, the AussDNA decreased, the catalysis decreased, and the RRS intensity at 368nm decreased. The decreased RRS intensity ΔI368nmwas linear to the hemin concentration in the range of 1-200nmol/L, with a detection limit of 54 pmol/L. Accordingly, a sensitivity, selectivity, and simplicity new method of resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra to detect hemin using aptamer-modified nanogold as catalyst was established.
Measurement of Trap Stiffness of Holographic Optical Tweezers with Power Spectrum Method
Authors: Xu Kai , Li Jing , Du Gang , Zhu Chun Li , Li Peng Fei , Wu Xiao Ping
Published: September 2013

A microsphere trapped by optical tweezers moves according to the Brownian motion law, which can be described by the Langevin equation. Based on it, a quadrant photodiode (QD) is used to track the displacement of the microsphere with a diameter of 2.5um trapped by holographic optical tweezers, and power spectrum method is adopted to obtain radial trap stiffness. Experiments show that the trap stiffness increases with the increase of the laser power, and decreases as the distance between the optical trap and the inside bottom surface of the sample cell increases.
Heat Treatment Process and Optimization of Shooting Nails
Authors: Zhang Li Png , Yu Suo Qing , Ni Li Yong
Published: September 2013

Shooting nails are mainly applied to fix thin reinforced concrete and steel plate, so the nails should have high hardness and high toughness. Unreasonable heat treatment process could possibly cause too high hardness and decreased toughness, leading to nail cracking and fracture in the course of production and use. Research on heat treatment process through experimental study on the nail determines the reasonable heat treatment process of nail. The feasible quenching heating temperature was 847~840 °C, and the temperature of salt bath during isothermal cooling was 292 °C. Its resultant hardness was 680HV, meeting the requirements of the use of nails. The shoot nail cracking and fracture in the course of use can be avoided effectively. The microstructure of shooting nails after heat treatment showed lower bainite, which contributed to good mechanical properties.
Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Shell by Catalytic Activation with Steam
Authors: Guo Hao , Deng Xian Lun
Published: September 2013

The use of palm shells as a precursor for the production of activated carbon with physical activation was investigated. The carbonized material was impregnated with potassium carbonate and potassium phosphate to improve the yield and adsorption capability of activated carbon. The produced activated carbons were characterized by Iodine number text, Methylene blue adsorption text, Nitrogen adsorption isotherms, Scanning electron microscope in order to understand the palm shell activated carbon. The results showed that palm shell is an appropriate precursor for activated carbon. The optimum activation condition is: temperature 850°C, activating time 60 min, and steam flow rate 1.0g min-1. Potassium carbonate-impregnated and potassium phosphate-impregnated sample showed higher value of surface area which attained 982m2/g and 973m2/g, respectively.
Design of Double-Layer Copper Sheet for RFID Tags Antenna
Authors: Saetiaw Charinsak , Thongsopa Chanchai
Published: September 2013

This paper demonstrates a design of double-layer copper sheet suitable for RFID tags antenna called extended double-layer flexible strip dipole antenna. RFID tag antenna is widely used with different surfaces. The result found that RFID tag antenna can be bended or curved responding to the cylinder shape of the objects. Our proposed extended double-layer flexible strip dipole antenna has been technically designed to make changes on itself to obtain the result in increasing resonance frequency when it is being bended. The key concept of the study is the designed antenna which can freely change inside each layer when applying itself on curved object. The result of this design reveals that antenna has better performance than modern antenna. The extended double-layer flexible strip dipole antenna for RFID tags was designed for resonance frequency of 2.45 GHz. Consequently, the analysis of antennas efficiency will be affected by thickness. The designed antenna there will be considered and discussed to find out the relative value in order to use creating the design for the antenna that is suitable for the further study.
Study on the Reverse Designing for Engine's Cylinder Head
Authors: Chen Min , Liu Xiao Xu
Published: September 2013

The model of a gasoline engines cylinder head with 4 cylinders was reconstructed by CAD through slicing method and using Imageware and UG. The reverse design methods used for complex interior structure surface were explored based on slicing method through remodeling the cylinder head. The technologies of reverse design such as the measure method of points cloud, points cloud data treatment, and curve modeling were studied. The methods can be referenced for reverse designing the similar parts.
Numerical Simulation of Aircraft over Run Arresting System
Authors: Xu Fei , Tan Ze , Shi Ya Jie
Published: September 2013

Engineered Material Arresting System (EMAS) is the specified equipment used to prevent aircraft from overrunning. Based on static compression and impact tests of the foam concrete, material model and parameters in the FEM simulation are determined. Then numerical simulations are performed on FAA(Federal Aviation Administration) aircraft arresting tests. The simplified aircraft arresting FEM model and corresponding simulation method are verified. The thickness effect of the arresting bed is studied.
CDTAs Based Current-Mode Universal Biquad Filters with Orthogonal Control of Quality Factor and Pole Frequency
Authors: Summart Saksit , Thongsopa Chanchai
Published: September 2013

This article presents current-mode universal biquad filters based on CDTAs. The filter circuits using four CDTAs and two grounded capacitors which are able to provide low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-reject and all-pass functions. The pole frequency can be orthogonally controlled from quality factor and the circuits have high output impedance appropriate for cascade connection application in current mode which is capable to directly drive load. This qualification is very appropriate for further development into an integrated circuit. The results of PSPICE simulation program are corresponding to the theoretical analysis.
New Progress of Ship’s Increment Resistance in Waves
Authors: Zhao Jian Fei , Zhao Fu Jun
Published: September 2013

Starting with the physics nature of ships added resistance in waves, this paper mainly expounds the research development and present state in this field from theoretical prediction, experimental study and frontier of the added resistance. It seems that CFD and 3-D Green function are more applicable for solving the added resistance problem than traditional methods.
Modeling and Optimization of Hiper Strut Suspension Based on Adams
Authors: Qin Yu Ying , Sun Ming Hao , Tian Guo Hong , Hou Zhi Guo
Published: September 2013

In order to study the performance of Hiper Strut suspension and find out the factors which affect its performance, a simulation model of Hiper Strut suspension was established based on Adams/Car and a kinematics optimization was carried out based on Adams/Insight. The result shows that both of its caster angle and kingpin inclination angle change only a little during the parallel wheel travel simulation test. After modifying the coordinate values of some hard points which were found out by using Adams/Insight, the suspension gets a better performance. The established model and optimization could be a foundation for further study of this new suspension.
Economic and Environmental Analysis for Steam-Driven Induced Draft Fans of 1036MW Ultra Supercritical Units
Authors: Xu Qi Sheng , Peng Xiao Wei , Wu Jie , Ma Xiao Qian , Yu Yue Xi , Xu Zhi Bin
Published: September 2013

Concerning the steam induced draft fan renovation tendency in large coal-fired power plants, the economic and environmental benefit are analysed for certain 1036MW ultra supercritical units. Under the same generator output, despite the power generation coal consumption for the scheme with steam induced draft fan coal increased, the auxiliary power reduced significantly which results in roughly RMB 10,657 thousands yuan economic saving every year with about 1.9 years payback period of investment. Due to the power supply coal consumption saving, the annual amount of pollutants reduction of CO2, SO2, NO2 and dust are 4440.867, 16.462, 45.514 and 220.829t, respectively.
CAD Analysis of Mechatronic Device Used for Orthopaedics
Authors: Spanu Alina Rodica , Guica Raluca Ioana
Published: September 2013

The paper goal is to perform CAD analyze of the mechatronic device used for orthopedic measurement, whose accuracy should be higher. The computation has been done for the entire assembly, taking into account all the forces and mechanical torques acting during the process. Meantime, kinematic relationships have been provided according to relative movements between elements. The material characteristic properties have influenced the results. The active measurement surface, which is a spherical one, should cover a various and wide range of spatial shapes, due to the human bone profile. Finally, the results were verifiable by experimental practice.
Synthesis of Spherical LiFePO4/C Composites as Cathode Material of Lithium-Ion Batteries by a Novel Glucose Assisted Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Li Xiang Feng , Zhang Zhao , Liu Fang , Zheng Shu Ping
Published: September 2013

The LiFePO4/C composites with different morphology are synthesized by a novel glucose assisted hydrothermal method at various glucose concentrations (from 0 to 0.25mol/L) and the insoluble lithium source Li2CO3, (NH4)2Fe (SO4)2·6H2O and (NH4)2HPO4(n (Li):n (Fe):n (P)=1:1:1) are used as raw materials. The structure, morphology, thermal performance and electrochemical properties of the synthesized composites are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), galvanostatic charge/discharge tests and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results show that the LiFePO4/C synthesized with 0.125mol/L glucose has the relatively small particles size (0.1~0.5μm) and the well spherical morphology. The optimal sample exhibits a high discharge capacity of 160.0mAh/g at the first cycle and exhibits a good reversibility and stability in CV tests.
Carrier-Diffusion Wave and Thermal Wave in a Semiconducting Microcantilever Generated by Optical Excitation
Authors: Song Ya Qin , Xu Jie
Published: September 2013

The carrier-diffusion wave and thermal wave during photothermal process were studied in a three-dimensional semiconducting microcantilever. The green function method was used to obtain the theoretical expressions for carrier density and temperature during optical excitation. The space distribution for carrier density and temperature were given graphically for different heat sources.
Study on Power Loss in Transformerless Grid-Connected Inverter
Authors: Shu Hui
Published: September 2013

Efficiency is becoming increasingly important in grid connected photovoltaic inverter design. Transformer in grid connected inverter system is removed to improve the efficiency of system. Traditional Power loss calculation methods often neglected ripple current effects. However, Photovoltaic inverters seldom operate at the maximum rated power due to variation of irradiation. Therefore, the ripple current effects on component power loss on the light load condition should not be neglected. The paper analyzes the work principle of a transformerless grid connected inverter in detail, and establishes a mathematical model of component power loss which includes ripple current effects. An experimental prototype is made and experiment results verify the correctness of the 2éQ: theoretical analysis"theoretical analysis.