bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the risks of SARS-CoV-2 in wildlife: A preliminary analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Sharun Khan , Pawde Abhijit M. , Dhama Kuldeep
Published: February 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously 2019-nCoV) is believed to have originated from the bats of genus Rhinolophus (natural reservoir). Experimental studies and sporadic reports of natural infection have confirmed the susceptibility of several domestic and wild animal species to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present study was conducted to investigate the susceptibility of wild animal species to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection were retrieved from the databases maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases (ProMED-mail), and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) on March 10, 2021. Based on the available evidence, it can be concluded that the wild animal species such as tiger (Panthera tigris), lion (Panthera leo), puma (Puma concolor), snow leopard (Panthera uncia), American mink (Neovison vison), ferret (Mustela putorius furo), Western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), and Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus) are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection under natural conditions. The majority of the cases in captive wild animals were linked to human-to-animal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from asymptomatic zoo workers and caretakers. The sporadic reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection in captive wild animals will directly impact our efforts to protect these species (especially those classified as endangered/threatened). Further studies are required to determine whether SARS-CoV-2 or related Betacoronaviruses can get established in wild animal populations, which may eventually act as viral reservoirs. Furthermore, efficient surveillance systems have to be established for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 infection in captive wild animals. The increasing reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection in felids and mustelids should be considered as a matter of concern in terms of animal health, welfare, and wildlife conservation.
ANTIUROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES (MART.) SOLMS WHOLE PLANT ON ETHYLENE GLYCOL-INDUCED UROLITHIASIS IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: M REVATHI , R INDUMATHY
Published: February 2022

Objective: In India Indigenous system of medicine, the plant Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms is claimed to be useful for different ailments. The purpose of this study is to investigate the significant activity of the ethanolic extract of E. crassipes (Mart.) Solms whole plant in the treatment of renal stone by ethylene glycol (EG)-induced urolithiasis in Wistar rats.
Methods: Wistar rat will be divided into four groups. All the animals received EG 0.75%v/v by orally for 28 days. Group I was received 0.75%v/v EG for 28 days. Groups II, III, and IV were received cystone, ethanolic extract of E. crassipes (Mart.) Solms (200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg), respectively, administered orally from 15th to 28th day for curative regimen. Animals were housed in metabolic cages and collect the 24 h urine samples and serum samples on the 7th, 14th, 21th, and 28th day of the experiments. Under the microscopical study to observe the crystals in urine sample. The biochemical parameters monitored in the present study are calcium, oxalate, magnesium, phosphorus, urea, creatinine, uric acid, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in urine and serum samples.
Results: The EG feeding resulted in elevated renal excretion of calcium, phosphate, oxalate, and decreased renal excretion of magnesium as well-elevated serum BUN, creatinine, uric acid, urea, LDH levels, and decreased the urine pH and urine volume. Treatment of the ethanolic extract of E. crassipes (Mart.) Solms significantly reduced the elevated calcium, phosphate, oxalate in urine as well as BUN, creatinine, uric acid, urea, and LDH level in serum. It also restores the normal urine pH and promotes the urine output.
Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of E. crassipes (Mart.) Solms exhibited significant anti-urolithiatic activity evident from urine calcium, phosphate, oxalate levels and serum BUN, creatinine, uric acid, urea and LDH levels.
A MINI REVIEW ON PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND APPLICATIONS OF SILVER IODIDE NANOPARTICLES
Authors: PP GEORGE
Published: February 2022

The synthesis of silver iodide nanoparticles for variety of applications such as photocatalyst and antibacterial properties has attracted broad interest due to the extraordinary properties of these materials. The preparation of silver iodide nanoparticles through a physical or chemical reduction process is the most common methodology applied to obtain nanoparticles with the required size, shape, and surface morphology. This review paper discusses the details concerning the past and recent advancement of the synthesis and characterization of silver iodide nanoparticles and also composite silver iodide/carbon nanotubes nanoparticles. A review on the advantages of various techniques, which aim to achieve the photo catalyst and antibacterial properties is also included. A brief summary concerning the recent challenges and improvement approaches is presented at the end of this review.
MOLECULAR DOCKING OF GANOMESTENOL WITH SARS-COV-2 MPRO
Authors: VENKATESH
Published: February 2022

Objective: The present study focused on binding mode of the N3 inhibitor and Ganomestenol with receptor SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protease.
Methods: The structure of ligands N3 inhibitor and Ganomestenol were designed and 3-D coordinates were prepared using ACD/ChemSketch 8.0 freeware. Autodock4 software was used to study the orientation of the inhibitor or ligand in the active site of biological receptor SARS-CoV-2 Mpro (PDB ID: 6LU7). The Lamarckian genetic algorithm was applied to both ligand and protein for energy minimization using default parameters. The results were analyzed by Ligplot and Pymol software.
Results: The compound Ganomestenol designed in in-silico for molecular docking with SARS-CoV-2 protease (Mpro). The in-silico results showed significant binding energy (−6.93 kcal/mol) by comparing with N3 inhibitor (−3.51 kcal/mol).
Conclusion: The affinity of Ganomestenol is highly significant compared to N3 inhibitor and also showed efficacy of ligand toward protease under in-silico condition.
“A Peculiar Sensation”: Mirroring Du Bois’ Path into Predominantly White Institutions in the 21st Century
Authors: McCall Joyce
Published: February 2022

Over 130 years have expired since William Edward Burghardt (W. E. B.) Du Bois transitioned from a Historically Black College and University (HBCU) in Nashville, Tennessee, to a predominantly White institution (PWI) in Cambridge, Massachusetts. While Du Bois’ HBCU experiences were not always peaceful in the then Jim Crow South, when compared to his PWI experiences with regard to race, his HBCU experiences were far more encouraging. Despite centuries of civil rights and legislative efforts toward dismantling an educational system initially created to serve only White students, African Americans today continue to confront racist structures mirroring those encountered by Du Bois. In this paper, I employ Du Bois’ experiences of negotiating his path into a PWI and his double consciousness theory as a reflective framework, asserting that a great deal of work remains in order to provide safe, anti-racist spaces for African Americans pursuing postsecondary degrees at PWIs, particularly in their music programs.
Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture
Authors: Patel Kunal Girdhar , Patil Mittal Sanjay
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Agriculture Sector plays important role in economic sector. The artificial intelligence is main concern and the emerging subject all across world. And population increasing day by day and with the increasing demand employment and food is also increasing. Our traditional method which was used by the farmer were not sufficient enough to fulfill the requirements. Consequently, synthetic intelligence technique is added. This method supplied meals requirement and employment possibilities to many people. Artificial Intelligence in agriculture has added associate agriculture revolution. This generation has covered the crop yield from different factors like weather adjustments, populace increase, employment problems, and meals protection issues. This era includes crop yields caused by various factors such as climate change, population surge, employment issues, and food security issues. The main difficulty of the document is to verify the many artificial intelligence applications in agriculture, including irrigation, weeding and spraying integrated with sensors and other tools used in robots and drones. These technologies can save extra water, the use of pesticides and herbicides, maintain soil fertility, and also help to effectively use manpower, increase productivity, and improve service quality. Implementation of automation in agriculture, the weeding structures thru robots and drones. The diverse soil water sensing techniques are mentioned together with computerized weeding techniques. The implementation of drones is mentioned, the diverse techniques utilized by drones for spraying and crop-tracking is likewise mentioned on this paper Keywords: Image recognition, cognitive science, deep learning, sematic analysis, Neural network
An Experimental Investigation of Glass Fibre with Prosopis Juliflora as Reinforced Polymer Composites
Authors: P Balaji
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The main objective of this project is to investigate the mechanical properties of glass fibre reinforced with prosopis juliflora ash as reinforced polymer composite .(Glass fibre + Prosopis Juliflora ash) Composite is fabricated by adding prosopis julifora ash powder of 10% weight of glass fibre. In this research, fibre reinforced polymer were prepared with glass fibre and prosopis juliflora ash of glass fibre thickness 4-5mm. The resins used in this study are epoxy. The resins were synthesized at 10:1 fibre-resin weight percentages. The prepared composites were tested under ASTM standards to study the mechanical properties of the FRP composites such as Tensile strength, Flexural strength and Impact strength. Keywords: Glass fibre, prosopis juliflora, ASTM standards, epoxy resin, composite material.
Archetypes and Homophilic Avatars: New Approaches to Studying Far-Right Facebook Practice
Authors: Devries Melody
Published: February 2022

Background: The concept of archetypes is often deployed to understand people engaged with far-right or right-wing online content. However, this can lead to essentializing assumptions that overlook how users are mobilized to participate with these politics.

Analysis: This article theorizes how users are mobilized to perform far-right politics by conceptualizing them as embodying homophilic avatars, treating online practice as performative and homophily as an online and offline force.

Conclusion and implications: Through qualitative analysis on Facebook, the homophilic avatar shows how users are driven to engage with far-right or right-wing content via political performativity and homophily, as opposed to psychological tendencies.
Działania klubów piłkarskich na rzeczochrony środowiska - studium przypadku Forest Green Rovers
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach, Wydział Zarządzania, Polska, Pietrzyk Adrian
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The article focuses on the essence of pro-social activities in the area of envi- ronmental care. The first part of the article presents the essence and outline of CSR ac- tivities. In the methodological part, the diagnosis was made using a case study. The sub- ject of the research was the English club Forest Green Rovers, which is considered to be the most ecological club in the world. The exploratory cognitive goal at work is to iden- tify the differences between clubs in Poland and the English club Forest Green Rovers. The utilitarian goal is to spread awareness of the social role that the club should fulfill. Both its current activities aimed at increasing interest in topics in the field of ecology, as well as plans for the future were presented. The last part of the article also includes man- agement implications for Polish football clubs. Keywords: sports management, sports marketing, CSR. JEL Classification: Z20
Modelo econométrico basado en la aplicación del costo promedio ponderado de capital para las mipymes del sector metalmecánico en Colombia
Authors: Burbano-Delgado Ricardo Fernando , Garavito-Hernández Youseline
Published: February 2022

El sector metalmecánico es un componente clave en la dinámica económica colombiana, genera aproximadamente el 15% de los empleos del país, dinamiza el sector de producción de alimentos, petróleo, fabricación de productos químicos entre otros, además, aporta cerca del 9% al producto interno bruto (PIB). Este sector se compone, en esencia, por las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (mipymes). Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo proponer un modelo econométrico basado en la aplicación del costo promedio ponderado de capital (WACC), para coadyuvar a la toma de decisiones en las mipymes del sector metalmecánico del Área Metropolitana de Bucaramanga. Además, se evaluaron distintos escenarios en función de las tasas de interés de los créditos otorgados a estas. La investigación se realizó a través de un análisis descriptivo, multivariado y de regresión múltiple. Así, teniendo en cuenta el modelo econométrico propuesto en este trabajo y el análisis de los distintos escenarios, los resultados muestran que las microempresas del sector alcanzan un mayor WACC ya que al no apalancar financieramente sus activos no aprovechan las bondades que ofrece el escudo fiscal en la reducción de dicho costo. Por otro lado, se encontró que las pequeñas empresas tienen un menor WACC que las medianas empresas sin que ello represente diferencias estadísticas significativas. Se concluye que financiar activos con deuda representa una ventaja directa a la hora del pago de impuestos, lo que se traduce en mayores utilidades para los accionistas, siempre y cuando la política de endeudamiento sea coherente con el desempeño de la empresa. Igualmente, los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación se constituyen en un referente sobre el cual las empresas podrán realizar un análisis estratégico con el fin de identificar hasta qué punto están obteniendo o no valor frente a la dinámica sectorial.
Strategic Planning in Developing the Quality of Educators and Education Personnel
Authors: Al Kadri Hanif , Widiawati Widiawati
Published: February 2022

Educators and educational personnel as the key actors in education who have a direct effect on the education process must be able to provide the best performance so that the education process runs as expected. This brings about the importance of improving the quality of educators and educational personnel that is adjusted to the demands and progress of the times. Sadly, this has not yet been fully carried out by educational policy-makers. Improving the quality of educators and educational personnel is mostly done without a through comprehensive analysis. This study aimed to develop a strategic planning as an effort to improve the quality of educators and educational personnel based on an analysis of the internal and external conditions of the school. This research was a qualitative study conducted at a vocational high school in West Java. Participants were the school principal, vice-principals, and teachers. Data were collected through interviews and documents. Data were analyzed by presenting data, reducing data, and drawing conclusions. This study was conducted through FGDs and a SWOT analysis for determining positions and determining strategic issues. The results showed that the school's position was in quadrant I (with an aggressive strategy) which showed a potential position to develop. This study recommends that several steps can be used to improve the quality of educators and educational personnel.
Uma análise semiótica e patêmica de capas do jornal Meia Hora (A semiotic and pathemic analysis on covers published in the journal Meia Hora)
Authors: Campos Letícia Fionda
Published: February 2022

Este artigo visa a analisar como elementos semióticos e linguísticos presentes em capas do jornal Meia Hora são capazes de provocar efeitos patemizantes no leitor. O pathos, conforme Aristóteles, é um meio de prova derivado da emoção despertada pelo orador nos ouvintes. Na Análise do Discurso, pathos é uma categoria de efeito e a emoção no discurso é categorizada como patemização. Nesta pesquisa, almeja-se realizar uma análise qualitativa das estratégias de patemização e dos recursos semióticos usados em duas capas do jornal Meia Hora a fim de desencadear emoções no leitor. A investigação fundamenta-se, sobretudo, nos estudos de Charaudeau e Plantin acerca do pathos e nos trabalhos elaborados por Peirce, Santaella e Monnerat sobre elementos semióticos. A partir da análise realizada, verificou-se que o discurso jornalístico apoia-se em uma argumentação icônico-linguística na qual a linguagem visual e a verbal se complementam, para captar a atenção do público-alvo e desencadear-lhe emoções.
Multiletramentos e análise discursivo-argumentativa de uma polêmica pública (Multiliteracies and discursive-argumentative analysis of a public polemic)
Authors: Silva Bárbara Amaral da , Castro Marcelo de , Coelho Shirlene Ferreira , Franco Ana Paula Cordeiro Lacerda
Published: February 2022

O ensino da língua portuguesa deve abranger o trabalho com gêneros discursivos a partir das diversas linguagens. Desse modo, o objetivo deste estudo – de abordagem qualitativa e natureza aplicada – é discutir aplicabilidades da Análise Argumentativa do discurso e da Polêmica Pública para o ensino de gêneros discursivos na lógica dos multiletramentos. A justificativa para essa escolha reside na lacuna entre teorias acadêmicas e suas aplicabilidades na Educação Básica. Assim, empreendemos a análise de um meme e de uma charge referentes à campanha do dia dos pais da Natura, protagonizada por Thammy Miranda. Como resultado, notou-se que a construção argumentativa do meme estabeleceu-se na ridicularização do adversário e em ideias conservadoras, enquanto a charge mostrou-se favorável à diversidade. Acreditamos, portanto, que essa proposta possa ser utilizada por professores no ensino básico, objetivando desenvolver o senso crítico de discentes.
A ação do tempo (e dos usuários da língua) sobre o agora (The action of time (and of language users) on the agora [now])
Authors: Oliveira Maria José de , Silva Camilo Rosa
Published: February 2022

A classificação do item linguístico agora apenas como advérbio de tempo não condiz com a realidade dos usos. Por isso, o objetivo deste trabalho é descrever o comportamento deste elemento, em gêneros textuais distintos, considerando distribuição de frequência e funções sintático-semântico-discursivas. A amostra de dados é estratificada em blocos cronológicos: século XIV a meados do século XVI; meados do século XVI ao século XVII; século XVIII ao século XX. A análise ancora-se em pressupostos (socio)funcionalistas, na convergência de recursos metodológicos quantitativos que visam a uma descrição funcional da língua atrelada a fatores não linguísticos. Estabelecem-se, na revisão de literatura, diálogos com pesquisadores que já se ocuparam de estudar o item (MARTELOTTA, 2004; RISSO, 1998; 2006, entre outros). Com efeito, espera-se que a análise do processo de mudança do agora sob uma abordagem pancrônica constitua contribuição ao processo de descrição da gramática do português.
A case of retroperitoneal abscess caused by infection of urachal remnant
Authors: Yoneda Akira , Hida Taiji , Tetsuo Hanako , Fukui Saeko , Murakami Shunsuke , Miyoshi Takayuki , Okamoto Tatsuya , Kitasato Amane , Takeshita Hiroaki , Kuroki Tamotsu
Published: February 2022

Infection of urachal remnant may cause recurrent abscesses. In the
current case report, we describe an urachal remnant infection leading to
a retroperitoneal abscess, which is extremely rare condition. In such
cases, the recommended treatment is urachal remnant resection.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF MONOCARBOXYLATE TRANSPORTER 1&4 IN TANYCYTE–LIKE CELLS OF THE SULCUS MEDIANUS ORGANUM
Authors:   Dept. of Human Anatomy, College of Health and Medical Technology, Uruk University, Baghdad, Iraq, Jawad Haider , Al-Kaabi Muthanna ,   2Dept. of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Al-Salihi Anam
Published: February 2022

Background: Circumventricular organs (CVOs) are specialized structures border the brain ventricles and lack the blood-brain barrier. These CVOs are lined by specialized ependymal cells (ECs) called tanycyte. The sulcus medianus organum (SMO) locates at the floor of the 4th ventricle at the rostral part of the sulcus medianus (SM). Objective: To explore the expression of the monocarboxylate transporter 1 and monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT1 & MCT4) in the tanycytes of the median eminence (ME) and tanycyte-like cells of the SMO to add a functional evidence for describing the SMO as another CVOs and to start a roadmap for the citing the SMO specifically as a sensory or a secretory CVO. Methods: Ten adult male rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus), aged 3-6 months with 300±50 g, were used to study the histological characteristics of ECs in ME and SMO with Hematoxylin & Eosin and to explore the immunohistochemical expression of MCT1 & MCT4 in ME and SMO. Results: The ependymal cells were arranged in in 2-3 layers in the depth of SMO region and single layer in the ME region as seen with H&E stains. Immunohistochemical expression of MCT1 & MCT4 using Aperioscope image analysis in tanycytes of the ME is higher than that in tanycyte-like cells of the SMO with significant differences between the two regions as proved by t-test. Conclusion: the SMO has different structural and functional properties compared to ME suggesting that the SMO may be a sensory CVO. Keywords: Circumventricular organs, tanycytes, sulcus medianus organum, median eminence Citation: Jawad HF, Al-Kaabi MA, Al-Salihi AR. Immunohistochemical expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1&4 in tanycyte–like cells of the sulcus medianus organum. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(1): 83-99. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.1.12
DETECTION OF TTV ANTIGEN IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATITIS HBV AND HCV
Authors:   Alnahrain Company for Drug Industry, Baghdad, Iraq, Khudair Ealaf , Al-Shuwaikh Arwa ,   Dept. of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad – Iraq, Farhan Nawal ,   Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: Several lines of evidence have suggested the presence of new hepatitis agents, in addition to established hepatitis viruses A-E. Torque Teno virus (TTV) was more prevalent in patients with hepatitis, so it was thought to have hepatotropic properties. Objective: To detect TTV Ag in apparently healthy blood donors and patients infected with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Also, to find out any possible association between the study population demographic data and TTV status. Methods: This study was conducted from the beginning of November, 2017 to the end of March, 2018. Serum samples were collected from 50 patients who had chronic hepatitis HBV or HCV and attended to Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital. Also, sera were collected from a total 43 healthy blood donors from the Blood Donation Center in Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City. The clinical characteristics of both patients and controls such as alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV-Ab), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) were obtained from hospital records. Serum samples were tested by ELISA technique for detection of TTV Ag. Results: TTV was detected in 89.2% (33 out of 37) of the HBV-positive patients and in 30.8% (4 out of 13) of the HCV-positive patients versus 23.3% of the healthy blood donor (10 out of 43). Results of this study showed that the prevalence of TTV in HBV patients is significantly higher than HCV patients and healthy blood donors. Concerning risk factors, it was found that there was statistically significant relationship between TTV positivity and mean level of ALT but results indicated that the presence of TTV was not associated with AST, sex, age and history of transfusion, surgery and tattooing. Conclusion: TTV may play a role in hepatitis and its presence was associated with biochemical signs of liver disease, and among patients infected with chronic HBV or HCV. Keywords: Torque Teno virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, healthy blood donors Citation: khudair EA, Al-Shuwaikh AMA, Farhan NM. Detection of TTV antigen in patients with hepatitis HBV and HCV. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(1): 43-49. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.1.7
ASSOCIATION OF HUMAN HERPES VIRUS 6A INFECTION IN ENDOMETRIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS WITH MISCARRIAGE
Authors:   Dept. of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Ministry of Health Directorate of Wasit, General Al-Suwayrah Hospital, Dosh Huda , Abdulamir Ahmed ,   Dept. of Microbiology,College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Abdul-Razzaq Sahar ,   Dept. of Gynecology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: The microbial infections are major cause in abortion, of which viruses appear to be the most frequently involved pathogens. Human Herpes Virus-6 (HHV-6) has been implicated in cases of poor pregnancy outcome. Objective: Detection and quantification of HHV-6 viral load along with titer of IgM and IgG in endometrial epithelial cells of women with unexplained miscarriage (cases group) compared to the decidual endometrial tissue in women with full term conception (the control group). Methods: A total of 90 samples, 45 were taken by curettage from miscarriage women at first and second trimesters of pregnancy and 45 were taken from women with full term pregnancy during caesarian operation. HHV-6 DNA was extracted from uterus lining tissue samples, and then it was detected and measured by real time qPCR; in addition, 3 ml of blood were collected from each subject for detection of HHV-6 IgM and IgG antibodies. Results: HHV-6 DNA was detected in uterus lining tissue of 20% of abortion and 22.22% of controls (P value=0.79). The median viral load of HHV-6 per 106 of uterine cells in abortion group was 15, while for control group was 13 (P=0.54). HHV-6 load increased with increased number of previous abortions, and it increased with presence of recurrent abortion history. It showed significant differences in the median of HHV-6 DNA load between recurrent abortion and non-recurrent abortion groups (P value =0.033). Positive anti-HHV-6 IgM serum antibodies in HHV-6 DNA detected and no-detected subjects were 0%, and 9.85% respectively; the positive anti-HHV-6 IgG serum antibodies in detected HHV-6 DNA were 100%, while 83% in HHV-6 DNA non-detected subjects. The combination of positive/negative results of the anti-HHV-6 IgG and IgM serum antibodies in HHV-6 DNA detected versus non-detected group showed 100% of HHV-6 DNA detected were positive for IgG and negative for IgM, versus 73% in non-detected group. Conclusion: HHV-6 might associated with unexplained miscarriage. HHV-6 infection might increase with increased number of previous abortions, and increased with presence of recurrent abortion history. Keywords: Human Herpes Virus 6A, Miscarriage Citation: Dosh HS, Abdulamir AS, Abdul-Razzaq SH. Association of Human Herpes Virus 6A infection in endometrial epithelial cells with miscarriage. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(1): 57-65. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.1.9
REPRODUCTIVE HORMONAL ASSAY OF A SAMPLE OF IRAQI OBESE MALES
Authors:   Public Health Unit, Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq, Abdul-Rahman Imad , Abdul-Ameer Atheer ,   Dept. of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background:The World Health Organization considered obesity as a medical condition that may lead to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems. While much of the focus on the impairments caused by obesity is on somatic health, recent data suggest that reproductive health may also be impacted. Objective:To quantify the relation between obesity and the reproductive hormones. Methods:This cross-sectional study was carried out at nutrition clinic in three teaching hospitals and one obesity clinic in a medical college in Baghdad. The body mass index (BMI) calculation, blood sugar, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, testosterone, prolactin, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured. Results:Ninety-five adult obese males participated in this study. Serum testosterone had significant negative correlation with BMI, weight, serum cholesterol, and serum triglyceride while serum LH had significant positive correlation with BMI (p value was 0.013), weight (p value was 0.027), and serum triglyceride (p value was 0.049). Conclusion:Male obesity has significant effect on serum level of testosterone and LH. Keywords:Obesity, reproductive hormones Citation:Abdul-Rahman IM., Abdul-Ameer AJ. Reproductive hormonal assay of a sample of Iraqi obese males. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(2): 114-119. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.2.4
4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal, Induced Nitric Oxide Synthase Status in Hypertension with Kidney Disease Patients
Authors:   Dept. of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Hammed Ali , Jawad Alaa ,   Dept. of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Ali Noor ,   Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq,
Published: February 2022

Background:The oxidative stress is one of the main reasons for cardiovascular diseases and also one of results of these diseases, its development (like kidney disease). Objective:To identify the effect of oxidative stress nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species on cardiovascular diseases. Methods:The study involved 56 subjects comparable in age and sex divided into two groups; 28 hypertensives subjects with kidney disease and 28 apparently healthy subjects as control group. The following analysis was done: 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), Induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and albumin. Results:There was a significant increase in (4HNE) between patients' group and control group. iNOS was significantly higher in patients as compared to controls while there were no significant differences found in albumin between patient and control group. There is a positive relationship between oxidation results from hypertension and their developments. There is a positive correlation between BMI and disease. Conclusion:Based on this study is important on ideal weight, because obesity considered main factors for heart disease and hardening of the arteries. In addition, the effect of oxidative stress, which leads to high blood pressure and thus chronic kidney disease. Keywords;Chronic kidney disease, hypertension, 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), Induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), albumin, creatinine, reactive oxygen species Citation:Hammed AD, Jawad AH, Ali NM. 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal, induced nitric oxide synthase status in hypertension with kidney disease patients. Iraqi JMS. 2019; 17(2): 146-152. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.17.2.8
Et moderne produkt med et tvilsomt rykte. Norsk margarin 1860 til 1940
Authors: Østby Per
Published: February 2022

This chapter describes and analyzes the invention of a product – margarine – and its introduction in Norway. The cheap, artificial butter became an immediate success with customers. Farmers and dairies, on the other hand, saw margarine as a challenging competitor that had to be countered and restricted. Through legislation and regulations, serious obstacles were put in the way of both production and sales. Producers had to tailor the presence and promotion of margarine to the political system, its commercial surroundings and product range. During the 1920s and 1930s the situation changed. First, margarine become an object of taxation; later it became a container for increasing amounts of butter. The price of margarine rose, and the agricultural sector was supported in a way that benefitted the whole sector. The chapter describes margarine’s transformation from a problem and a political challenge to a common good and everyday commodity. Furthermore, it discusses the societal negotiations that these changes caused.
«Å sette maten i banken.» Momenter fra fryseboksanleggenes historie
Authors: Finstad Terje
Published: February 2022

This chapter explores the role of expertise in the introduction and subsequent discontinuation of public freezer storage facilities (food banks) for household use in Norway in the 1940s, 50s and 60s. The aim of the chapter is to shed light on how food systems are transformed or maintained or destabilized. It does so through an investigation into how deep-freezing experts at the state institute for household research established criteria for evaluating the use of freezing technology, how they worked to stabilize the relationship between technology, users, and foods, and how these experts were vital in promoting such facilities, but also in de-stabilizing them through promoting a new technology: the in-home freezer. As such, the chapter tells a story about one attempt to shape the development of a part of the Norwegian food system.
STUDYING THE INTESTINAL MORPHOLOGICAL PICTURE OF BROILER CHICKEN IN THERAPY OF MYCOTOXICOSIS
Authors:   Krasnodar Research Center for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, E.P. Dolgov , A.A. Abramov , O.I. Vasiliadi , A.A. Vlasenko , K.A. Semenenko
Published: February 2022

The article provides data on the study of the effect of a combination of mycotoxins on the body of broilers (T-2 toxin at – a concentration of 0.095 mg/kg and aflatoxin B1 – 0.019 mg/kg) and the results of toxicosis therapy with the drug fibralin consisting of plant fibers of beet pulp, phospholipids of rapeseed lecithin and sodium thiosulfate. Structural changes in the intestines of broilers during feed mycotoxicosis are described. The use of the anti-toxic drug fibralin in poultry leads to a weakening of the effect of xenobiotics, which was confirmed by an increase in the safety of the livestock and weight gain of chickens, a decrease in the clinical manifestations of intoxication, as well as positive changes in the structure of the bird's intestines during histological examination.
MEASURES AIMED AT IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF FIXED ASSETS OF AGRIBUSINESS ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Azov-Black Sea engineering Institute Don State Agrarian University, Zernograd, Russian Federation, A.B. Lizenko
Published: February 2022

The article develops measures to improve the efficiency of use of fixed assets of agrarian formations. The main problems of efficiency of using fixed assets at the enterprises of agroindustrial complex in the south of the Rostov region have been identified within the framework of the study. The relationship of forecasting and planning with other functions of management has been revealed, and also stages of implementation of planning system at the enterprise and sequence of their realization directed on increase of efficiency of use of fixed assets of the agricultural enterprise have been determined.
DIGITALIZARION. INTERNET OF THINGS. IDEOLOGY IOT IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, S.F. Barannik
Published: February 2022

The main benefit of digitalization and the introduction of the Internet of Things (IoT) for the Russian engineering industry is a unique opportunity to "jerk" to increase the competitiveness of its products relative to the main international players. If you act quickly, then having the advantages of starting from a low base of efficiency in the use of production capacities, relying on the availability of a sufficient number of qualified personnel in the field of IT and engineering, you can catch the emerging market of engineering products of generation 4.0, at least on the local, among the first.
PRODUCTION OF HUMAN LEPTOSPIROSIS VACCINE WITH INCLUDED STRAIN OF LEPTOSPIRA INTERROGANS OF SEROGROUP CANICOLA
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, V.S. Petrenko , O.E. Krotova
Published: February 2022

The leptospirosis vaccine is the main method of preventing the occurrence and spread of leptospirosis. Compliance with the standards of manufacturing, labeling, and storage is mandatory for immunological preparations. All stages of vaccine production must comply with the rules established by the Ministry of Industry and Trade and ensure its safety for humans. The article presents epidemiological data on leptospirosis in the Russian Federation in the period from 2013 to 2018. A method for producing a vaccine against human leptospirosis is described. The leptospirosis vaccine is polyvalent using membrane technologies and semi-synthetic culture media. It eliminates the use of foreign protein and does not require cleaning. The vaccine is an opalescent liquid with sediment and a pH of 7.2-7.6 and it is not allowed to contain live leptospira. Vaccination is carried out according to epidemiological indicators. Leptospirosis suspension forms specific immunity for 1 year.
PHYSICAL METHODS OF PREPARATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL RAW MATERIALS FOR PROCESSING
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science ", O.A. Pechova ,   Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture of the Crimea",   , Simferopol, Russian Federation, L.A. Timashova , I.L. Danilova , E. N. Grunina
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of a study on the effect of microwave and IR radiation during the preparation for processing of essential oil raw materials of Transcaucasian catberry (Nepeta transcauca-sica L.), narrow-leaved lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), medicinal hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) and seed coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) on the yield and quality of essential oil. The optimal parameters of the preparation process are established.
ANALYSIS OF METHODS OF CONSERVATION OF WHEAT GRAIN IN THE EARLY STAGES OF RIPENESS
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, O.E. Krotova , D.S Sarkisian
Published: February 2022

This article discusses the technological instructions that apply to the process of manufacturing concentrate feed, the requirements for which are set by GOST 34152-2017 and which is intended for feeding horses. The composition and nutritional properties of the components included in the compound feed recipe have been studied. Considered and studied the requirements for all raw materials and nutrients that make up the compound feed. The technological process of compound feed production is considered and studied in detail: the rules of acceptance and intra-production transportation. The rules and conditions for the storage of raw materials and materials, as well as the procedure and preparation for use in the technological process are considered. The assortment of ingredients was determined based on the recipe.
REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF PERMANENT GRAIN CROPS
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, D.V. Rudoy , V.I. Pakhomov , T.A. Maltseva , A.V. Olshevskaya , N.T. Ugrehelidze ,   Agricultural Research Center «Donskoy», Zernograd, Russian Federation
Published: February 2022

This article provides an overview of perennial crops such as Trititrigia (Trititrigia cziczinii Tsvelev), Dove Wheat (Thinopyrum intermedium), perennial rye (Secale cereale L) and perennial sorghum (Sorghum x derzhavinii Tzvel.). The purpose of the study is to consider the main perennial grain crops grown in Russia and in the world, compare their quality indicators, agrotechnical requirements for their sowing, growing conditions, yield and substantiate the choice of perennial grain crops that meets the needs and climatic conditions of the Rostov region. Comparative characteristics of perennial crops with annual crops show an increased protein content - on average 2-3% higher. The indicators of the quality of green mass of perennial grain crops as a source of nutrients in the technology of feed production are also considered.
MEANS OF THERMAL PROTECTION IN THE FOUNDRY
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, V.V Maslensky
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of calculating the means of collective thermal protection of the workplace of a metal and alloy smelter in a foundry. It is established that the complex application of thermal insulation of the melting furnace and the heat shield made it possible to completely eliminate the impact of thermal radiation and heated surfaces of the equipment on the employee.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE WORKING BODIES OF THE GRINDING APPARATUS OF STALKED FOOD AND FEED PRODUCTS
Authors:   Luhansk State University named after Vladimir Dal, Luhansk, Ukraine, I.G. Deineka , E.V. Borodina
Published: February 2022

The main ecological causes of pollution of the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere during the work of bakery industries are considered. In order to reduce emissions of pollutants, bakeries are invited to implement a number of measures discussed in the article.
Models of Care That Include Primary Care for Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Realist Review
Authors: Snyder Claire , Yuan Christina T. , Wilson Renee F. , Smith Katherine , Choi Youngjee , Nathan Paul C. , Zhang Allen , Robinson Karen A.
Published: February 2022

Objectives. We had two aims: (1) identify and analyze models of survivorship care for adult survivors of childhood cancer that include primary care, and (2) identify available tools, training, and other resources for adult survivors of childhood cancer. Methods. For each aim, we used realist synthesis to provide insights on how and for whom, in what contexts, and via what mechanisms the models of care and resources we identified can be effective for adult survivors of childhood cancer. We developed an initial program theory through searches of the literature and discussions with Stakeholders. We then identified and summarized quantitative evidence that supported or refuted the theory and developed specific hypotheses about how contexts and mechanisms may interact to produce outcomes (i.e., “CMO” hypotheses). The final program theory and CMO hypotheses were presented to Stakeholders for feedback. Results. Our final refined theory describes how, within the overall environment, survivor and provider characteristics and facilitators/barriers interact to produce intermediate and final outcomes. We focus on the role of models of care and resources (e.g., care plans) in these interactions. The program theory variables seen most consistently in the literature include oncology care versus primary care, survivor and provider knowledge (i.e., survivor risks and needs), provider comfort treating childhood cancer survivors, communication and coordination between and among providers and survivors, and delivery/receipt of prevention and surveillance of late effects of original cancer treatment. In turn, these variables played the most prominent role in the seven CMO hypotheses (4 focused on survivors and 3 focused on providers) regarding what works for whom and in what circumstances. Conclusions. To enable models of care that include primary care for adult survivors of childhood cancer, there needs to be communication of knowledge to both survivors and primary care providers. Our program theory provides guidance on the ways this knowledge could be shared, including the role of resources in doing so, and our CMO hypotheses suggest how the relationships illustrated in our theory could be associated with survivors living longer and feeling better through high-value care.
Pengaruh Persepsi, Sikap dan Motivasi Beragama Terhadap Perilaku Konsumen dalam Melaksanakan Ibadah Sholat Saat Berwisata
Authors: Malau Riki Hanri , Muslim Muslim , Sukri Saipul Al
Published: February 2022

Knowing consumer behavior is the most crucial part for companies to attract and win customers. Understanding consumer behavior is not easy. One of the factors that influence a person's behavior is psychological factors. This research is a quantitative descriptive study that in its presentation analyzes and describes descriptively the influence of a person's perception, attitude and religious motivation on his behavior in carrying out prayers while traveling. The research data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to 96 respondents determined by purposive sampling. While the data analysis using multiple linear regression, which was processed using SPSS 21 software. The study results revealed that consumer psychological factors in the form of perceptions, attitudes and motivations together had a positive effect on the behavior of Muslim tourists to pray while traveling. From the research results, it is hoped that this study can encourage the halal tourism industry players to pay attention to additional and supporting facilities so that the length of stay of tourists is better.
Anti-Obesity Effects of Arum maculatum, Nasturtium officinale Plant Extracts and Exercise in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats
Authors: Ibrahim Zana Hassan
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

 

The Aim: To investigate and distinguish the anti-obesity activities of Arum maculatum, Nasturtium officinale plant extracts and exercise against high-fat diet induced obesity at rat model.

Methods: Thirty healthy male albino rats were randomly separated into 5 groups (n=6): Normal control (NC), high-fat diet control (HFD-C), Arum maculatum extract (AME), Nasturtium officinale extract (NOE) and exercise. The NC group fed with normal diet (ND) and all other groups a high fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity and hyperlipidemia for 8 weeks. Corresponding treatments were established to the respective groups during study period. Rat body weights (BW) and food intake were obtained weekly. Glucose, Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low, very low and high-density lipoprotein cholesterols (LDL-C, VLDL-C and HDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA) with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were estimated in serum at the end of the study.

Results: The HFD-C rats were associated with a significant increase (P<0.05) in BW gain with the elevations in serum glucose, lipid profiles (TC, TG, LDL-C &VLDL-C), liver function tests (AST & ALT) and MDA in comparison with NC rats whereas the level of serum HDL-C decreased. Furthermore, treatments of AME, NOE and exercise along with HFD significantly (P<0.05) reduced HFD-induced changes in BW gain and the levels of serum biochemical parameters as compared to rats fed HFD. The most significant effect on reducing weight gain at model rats were recorded by NOE treatment, while the attenuated effects AME on BW gain and AST, exercise on BW gain, TG, VLDL, MDA and AST were not significant (P>0.05).

Conclusions: Consumption of HFD for 8 weeks caused HFD-C rats obese, hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic with hepatic cellular injury when compared to the NC rats. AME, NOE and exercise treatments were suppressed the development of obesity as well as attenuated HFD induced changes in serum biochemical parameters of the respective groups when compared to the HFD-C group.