bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Species of Didymellaceae within Aquatic Plants from Southwestern China
Authors: Chen Tong , Wang Siyuan , Jiang Xinwei , Huang Ying , Mo Minghe , Yu Zefen
Published: July 2023

Members of Didymellaceae have a wide geographical distribution throughout different ecosystems, and most species are associated with fruit, leaf, stem and root diseases of land plants. However, species that occur in aquatic plants are not clearly known. During a survey of the diversity of endophytes in aquatic plants in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou provinces, we obtained 51 isolates belonging to Didymellaceae based on internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequences. Further, the phylogenetic positions of these isolates were determined by combined sequences composed of ITS, partial large subunit nrRNA gene (28S nrDNA; LSU), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) and partial beta-tubulin gene (tub2). Combining morphological characteristics and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses, two new varieties belong to Boeremia and 12 new species distributed into seven genera were recognized from 51 isolates, i.e., Cumuliphoma, Didymella, Dimorphoma, Ectophoma, Leptosphaerulina, Remotididymella, and Stagonosporopsis. Among these species, only one species of Stagonosporopsis and two species of Leptosphaerulina show teleomorphic stages on OA, but have no anamorphic state. Each new species is described in detail, and the differences between new species and their phylogenetically related species are discussed here. The high frequency of new species indicates that aquatic plants may be a special ecological niche which highly promotes species differentiation. At the same time, the frequent occurrence of new species may indicate the need for extensive investigation of fungal resources in those aquatic environments where fungal diversity may be underestimated.
Differences in Users’ Activity Characteristics and Spatial Patterns in Neighborhood Parks during the Late Afternoon and Evening Periods
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Shi Wenhao
Published: July 2023

Evidence shows that neighborhood parks play an important role in serving nearby residents, such as promoting physical activity and relieving stress, but thus far, little attention has been given to the impact of time on park use. This study explored users’ behavioral patterns at different time periods and their perception of attributes during the nighttime in three neighborhood parks in Nanjing, China. A total of 7482 park users were documented using the method of behavior mapping, and the results revealed that the spatial clusters of hotspots for the locations of the observed users differed significantly between late afternoon and evening, and the nighttime park users were more in number and were more active in physical activity. This study also found that improvements in site diversity and incorporations of night markets and shows were emphasized by park users based on their nighttime experience. The findings can be used to improve the future design and management of neighborhood parks, especially for promoting nighttime use.
Spatiotemporal Variation in Ecosystem Health and Its Driving Factors in Guizhou Province
Authors: Ye Dan , Yang Liu , Zhou Min
Published: July 2023

Healthy ecosystems are crucial for sustainable regional development. The lack of spatial distribution patterns and driving factors of ecosystem health limited ecosystem management and urban planning. Understanding the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of ecosystem health and its driving factors can contribute to ecosystem management. Based on the “vigor–organization–resilience” (VOR) framework, this paper focuses on increasing ESs and forming an improved “vigor–organization–resilience–ecosystem services (VORS)” framework to evaluate the ecosystem health of Guizhou Province in 2010 and 2020. At the same time, we used the geographic detector model to investigate the driving factors of ecosystem health in the region. The results revealed the following: (1) The areas of forest land accounted for more than 52%. Simultaneously, farmland and forest land decreased, while construction land increased from 2010 to 2020. Construction land was mainly converted from forest land, grassland and farmland. (2) The level of ecosystem health in Guizhou Province spatially increased from northwest to southeast, with the central part exhibiting the lowest health level. The ecosystem health index (EHI) was mainly moderate, accounting for 78.32% and 83.80% in 2010 and 2020, respectively. (3) Among the 11 selected driving factors, the gross domestic product (GDP), general public budget revenue, annual average temperature, average annual precipitation, and night light index significantly affected ecosystem health. Our research refines ecosystem health research and the results will contribute to effective and precise decision-making in ecosystem management and the implementation of land use policies.
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Forest Growing Stock Volume and Carbon Stocks: A Case Study of Kandry-Kul Natural Park, Russia
Authors: Volkov Aleksandr , Belan Larisa , Bogdan Ekaterina , Suleymanov Azamat , Tuktarova Iren , Shagaliev Ruslan , Muftakhina Dilara
Published: July 2023

This paper presents the evaluation and digital mapping of forest growing stock volume (GSV) and carbon stocks of the natural park Kandry-Kul (Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia). The field observations were conducted in the process of forest surveys in 1994 and 2018. According to these materials, we identified the predominant tree species in each studied plot. Then, we produced the digital maps of GSV and carbon stocks for each study year and calculated the annual increment. The results showed that birch (Betula pendula) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) were the dominant species in the studied park. The comparison of the two maps showed that the maximum annual GSV between 1994 and 2018 occurred in areas with a fairly small GSV in 1994. These areas were characterized by young trees of different species and pines of different ages, which had not yet reached the age of maturity, when the growth of trees is significantly reduced. We found that young pine crops contributed the greatest potential of carbon sequestration, with an annual GSV of 4.2 m3/ha per year. The birch trees made a minor contribution to the sequestration potential, characterized by relatively average annual growth (1.2 m3/ha per year). The change in carbon stocks for pine stands was on average 2 t/ha per year. For birch stands, the change in carbon stocks was approximately 0.5 t/ha per year, which is 30% of the average values for the forest-steppe region. Our results provide quantitative information on the carbon accumulation rate in secondary forests under conditions of intensive recreational load.
Interaction between the Cultural and Entertainment Industry and Urban Development in Xi’an: A Case Study
Authors: Yang He , Xue Dongqian , Li Hailing , Cai Xinmeng , Ma Yanyan , Song Yongyong
Published: July 2023

The cultural and entertainment industry (CEI) actively promotes the economy. Xi’an is a comprehensive pilot city of China’s cultural system reform. The characteristics of the staged changes and regional differentiation of the interaction between the CEI and urban development from 2000 to 2020 were studied by selecting seven districts in Xi’an. We used an expansion intensity index, equal-fan analysis, and coordination model. This analysis revealed the mechanism of the interaction between the CEI and urban development. We found that both the CEI and urban development mainly expand to northeast and southwest, while the expansion synchronicity of the CEI and urban development differs in various directions. The coordination between the CEI and urban development shows a pronounced “center-edge” feature. In other words, the closer to the city center, the stronger the coordination between them. The city guides the layout of the CEI through the agglomeration of elements. Meanwhile, the CEI promotes the reconstruction of urban space in turn, through its production. The study’s findings may enrich the theory of coordinated development of the CEI and urban development. Furthermore, it provides a scientific basis for formulating the layout and development patterns of the CEI in Xi’an and other developing cities worldwide.
Study on Convex Resource Allocation Scheduling with a Time-Dependent Learning Effect
Authors: Wang Yi-Chun , Wang Ji-Bo
Published: July 2023

In classical schedule problems, the actual processing time of a job is a fixed constant, but in the actual production process, the processing time of a job is affected by a variety of factors, two of which are the learning effect and resource allocation. In this paper, single-machine scheduling problems with resource allocation and a time-dependent learning effect are investigated. The actual processing time of a job depends on the sum of normal processing times of previous jobs and the allocation of non-renewable resources. With the convex resource consumption function, the goal is to determine the optimal schedule and optimal resource allocation. Three problems arising from two criteria (i.e., the total resource consumption cost and the scheduling cost) are studied. For some special cases of the problems, we prove that they can be solved in polynomial time. More generally, we propose some accurate and intelligent algorithms to solve these problems.
The Influence of the Tantalum Content on the Main Properties of the TixTa9Nb8Zr2Ag Alloy
Authors: Dobri Gabriel , Banu Alexandra , Donath Cristina , Marcu Maria
Published: July 2023

This study presents the influence of different contents of tantalum alloying elements on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of TixTa9Nb8Zr2Ag alloys and their corrosion resistance in a 3% NaCl solution. These alloys exhibit a structure with more than 80% of the beta phase, a Young’s modulus between 82 and 55 GPa close to human bone, and good corrosion resistance, with a corrosion rate between 5 and 47 μm y−1. Furthermore, the excellent corrosion behavior of the TixTa9Nb8Zr2Ag alloy with 10 and 15% tantalum content is highlighted, revealed by a nobler corrosion potential, low corrosion rate, and a high passivation tendency in a 3% NaCl solution. The results reported in this work allow us to consider that titanium alloys TixTa9Nb8Zr2Ag with 10–20% Ta could be a valid alternative for use in orthopedic surgery, and the level of tantalum can be customized depending on the nature of the treated bone and the complexity and difficulty of the implant machining, i.e., of the required optimum hardness.
Differences in Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids between Alcoholic Fatty Liver-Induced Cirrhosis and Non-alcoholic (Metabolic-Associated) Fatty Liver-Induced Cirrhosis
Authors: Cao Xinlu , Zolnikova Oksana , Maslennikov Roman , Reshetova Maria , Poluektova Elena , Bogacheva Arina , Zharkova Maria , Ivashkin Vladimir
Published: July 2023

The objective of this study was to investigate the metabolic activity of the gut microbiota in cirrhosis due to different variants of fatty liver disease (alcoholic vs. non-alcoholic [metabolic-associated] one [AFLD and MAFLD]). The present study included 24 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, 16 patients with MAFLD-related cirrhosis, and 20 healthy controls. The level and spectrum of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined via gas–liquid chromatography. All patients with cirrhosis showed a decrease in the total content of SCFAs (p < 0.001) and absolute content of acetate (p < 0.001), propionate (p < 0.001), butyrate (p < 0.001), and isovalerate (p < 0.001). In MAFLD cirrhosis, the metabolic activity of the microbiota was significantly altered compared to patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, as evidenced by a lower total SCFA content (p < 0.001) and absolute content of acetate (p < 0.001), propionate (p < 0.001), and butyrate (p < 0.001); a higher relative content of isovalerate (p < 0.001); and a higher IsoCn/Cn ratio (p < 0.001). Various clinical and laboratory parameters correlate differently with fecal SCFAs and their fractions in cirrhosis due to AFLD and MAFLD. SCFA-producing metabolic activity is reduced more in MAFLD cirrhosis than in alcoholic cirrhosis. According to the etiological factors of cirrhosis, disorders of this metabolic activity may be involved in different pathogenetic pathways.
Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Mitochondrial Disturbances Are Attenuated by Metabolites of Melatonin in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes
Authors: Holtkamp Chantal E. , Warmus Dawid , Bonowicz Klaudia , Gagat Maciej , Linowiecka Kinga , Wolnicka-Glubisz Agnieszka , Reiter Russel J. , Böhm Markus , Slominski Andrzej T. , Steinbrink Kerstin , Kleszczyński Konrad
Published: July 2023

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is recognized as an effective antioxidant produced by the pineal gland, brain and peripheral organs, which also has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumour capacities. Melatonin has been reported as a substance that counteracts ultraviolet radiation B (UVB)-induced intracellular disturbances. Nevertheless, the mechanistic actions of related molecules including its kynurenic derivatives (N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynurenine (AFMK)), its indolic derivatives (6-hydroxymelatonin (6(OH)MEL) and 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MT)) and its precursor N-acetylserotonin (NAS) are only poorly understood. Herein, we treated human epidermal keratinocytes with UVB and assessed the protective effect of the studied substances in terms of the maintenance of mitochondrial function or their radical scavenging capacity. Our results show that UVB caused the significant elevation of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), the dissipation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (mtΔΨ), a reduction in ATP synthesis, and the enhanced release of cytochrome c into cytosol, leading subsequently to UVB-mediated activation of the caspases and apoptosis (appearance of sub-G1 population). Our findings, combined with data reported so far, indicate the counteracting and beneficial actions of melatonin and its molecular derivatives against these deleterious changes within mitochondria. Therefore, they define a path to the development of novel strategies delaying mitochondrial aging and promoting the well-being of human skin.
Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Altered Metabolic Pathways and Response to Doxorubicin in Drug-Resistant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Rushing Blake R. , Molina Sabrina , Sumner Susan
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to investigate metabolic changes following the acquisition of resistance to doxorubicin in the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231. Two drug-resistant cell lines, DOX-RES-50 and DOX-RES-100, were generated by treating MDA-MB-231 cells with doxorubicin for 24 h and allowing them to recover for six weeks. Both drug-resistant cell lines demonstrated an increase in doxorubicin IC50 values, indicating acquired drug resistance. Metabolomics analysis showed clear separation between the parental MDA-MB-231 cell line and the drug-resistant cell lines. Pathway analysis revealed that arginine and proline metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and beta-alanine metabolism were significantly perturbed in the drug-resistant cell lines compared to the parental cell line. After matching signals to an in-house library of reference standards, significant decreases in short- and medium-chain acylcarnitines and significant increases in long-chain acylcarnitines, 5-oxoproline, and 7-ketodeoxycholic acid were observed in the resistant cell lines as compared to the parental MDA-MB-231 cell line. In addition to baseline metabolic differences, we also investigated differences in metabolic responses in resistant cell lines upon a second exposure at multiple concentrations. Results indicate that whereas the parental MDA-MB-231 cell line had many metabolites that responded to doxorubicin in a dose-dependent manner, the two resistant cell lines lost a dose-dependent response for the majority of these metabolites. The study’s findings provide insight into how metabolism is altered during the acquisition of resistance in TNBC cells and how the metabolic response to doxorubicin changes upon repeated treatment. This information can potentially identify novel targets to prevent or reverse multi-drug resistance in TNBC, and also demonstrate the usefulness of metabolomics technology in identifying new mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer and potential drug targets.
Molecular Characterization of Salmonella Phage Wara Isolated from River Water in Brazil
Authors: Romero-Calle Danitza Xiomara , Pedrosa-Silva Francisnei , Ribeiro Tomé Luiz Marcelo , Fonseca Vagner , Guimarães Benevides Raquel , de Oliveira Santos Leila Thaise Santana , de Oliveira Tulio , da Costa Mateus Matiuzzi , Alcantara Luiz Carlos Junior , de Carvalho Azevedo Vasco Ariston , Brenig Bertram , Venancio Thiago M. , Billington Craig , Góes-Neto Aristóteles
Published: July 2023

Antimicrobial resistance is increasing despite new treatments being employed, so novel strategies are required to ensure that bacterial infections remain treatable. Bacteriophages (phages; bacteria viruses) have the potential to be used as natural antimicrobial methods to control bacterial pathogens such as Salmonella spp. A Salmonella phage, Wara, was isolated from environmental water samples at the Subaé River Basin, Salvador de Bahia, Brazil. The basin has environmental impacts in its main watercourses arising from the dumping of domestic and industrial effluents and agricultural and anthropological activities. The phage genome sequence was determined by Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) MinION and Illumina HiSeq sequencing, and assembly was carried out by Racon (MinION) and Unicycler (Illumina, Illumina + MinION). The genome was annotated and compared to other Salmonella phages using various bioinformatics approaches. MinION DNA sequencing combined with Racon assembly gave the best complete genome sequence. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Wara is a member of the Tequintavirus genus. A lack of lysogeny genes, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence genes indicated that Wara has therapeutic and biocontrol potential against Salmonella species in healthcare and agriculture.
Petrogenesis of Early Cretaceous Granitoids in the Qingdao Area, Jiaodong Peninsula: Constraints from Zircon U–Pb Ages, Geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Hf Isotopes
Authors: Ding Yi , Bu Xuejiao , Zhao Hong , Zhong Shihua , Liu Ming
Published: July 2023

The Jiaodong Peninsula is located on the junction of the North China Craton (NCC) and South China Block (SCB), where Mesozoic igneous rocks are widespread. However, the petrogenesis and tectonic settings for these Mesozoic igneous rocks are still controversial. In this study, we present detailed geochronological and geochemical analyses of quartz monzonite, monzogranite, syenogranite, and alkali feldspar granite in the Qingdao area, east of the Jiaodong Peninsula, to constrain their petrogenesis and tectonic setting. Zircon U–Pb dating shows that they mainly formed in the Early Cretaceous (120.5–113.1 Ma). Quartz monzonite exhibits adakitic geochemical features (e.g., low Y and high Sr/Y). Combined with its Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic features, we suggest that quartz monzonite may have been produced by the partial melting of phengite-bearing eclogites at the base of the thickened continental crust of the NCC. In contrast, monzogranite and syenogranite exhibit I-type granite affinities, whereas alkali feldspar granite exhibits features consistent with A-type granite. The strongly negative εHf(t) and εNd(t) values of the I-type rocks indicate that they were most likely produced through partial melting of granitic gneisses from the NCC, whereas A-type magmas may be formed through fractional crystallization from the non-adakitic granitic magma. Combined with previous studies, we suggest that these granitoids were formed in a lithospheric extensional setting via the rollback of the subducted Paleo-Pacific slab, which resulted in the reworking of the deep crust beneath the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt.
Temperature-Independent Sensor of the Magnetic Field Based on FBG and Terfenol-D
Authors: Ma Shaowei , Wu Haoyu , Gao Shuxian , Sun Meng , Song Hongyu , Wang Qi
Published: July 2023

Sensors based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) have remarkable benefits like small size, fast response, wide sensing distribution, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, allowing for their widespread application in numerous domains of physical parameter measurement in industrial engineering. In this work, a temperature-independent sensor of the magnetic field based on FBG and the magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D is suggested. By exploiting the distributed sensing characteristic of FBG, a sensing structure that remains unaffected by temperature is designed. The results demonstrate that within the magnetic induction intensity range of 0 mT to 50 mT, the sensitivity of the sensor can reach 7.382 pm/mT, exhibiting good linearity and repeatability. Compared with the control experiment and other sensors of the magnetic field containing Terfenol-D, the sensor has higher sensitivity, better repeatability, and good temperature stability.
Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Pumping System through Machine Learning and Hidden Markov Model
Authors: Dutta Nabanita , Palanisamy Kaliannan , Shanmugam Paramasivam , Subramaniam Umashankar , Selvam Sivakumar
Published: July 2023

The pumping system is a critical component in various industries and consumes 20% of the world’s energy demand, with 25–50% of that energy used in industrial operations. The primary goal for users of pumping systems is to minimise maintenance costs and energy consumption. Life cycle cost (LCC) analysis is a valuable tool for achieving this goal while improving energy efficiency and minimising waste. This paper aims to compare the LCC of pumping systems in both healthy and faulty conditions at different flow rates, and to determine the best AI-based machine learning algorithm for minimising costs after fault detection. The novelty of this research is that it will evaluate the performance of different machine learning algorithms, such as the hybrid model support vector machine (SVM) and the hidden Markov model (HMM), based on prediction speed, training time, and accuracy rate. The results of the study indicate that the hybrid SVM-HMM model can predict faults in the early stages more effectively than other algorithms, leading to significant reductions in energy costs.
Flow in a Taylor–Couette Reactor with Ribbed Rotors
Authors: Tang Jianxin , Wang Chenfeng , Liu Fei , Yang Xiaoxia , Wang Rijie
Published: July 2023

This paper investigates the flow structure and flow pattern transition within a conical ribbed Taylor–Couette reactor (TCR), which is 4 mm in gap width and 200 mm in height, via particle image velocimetry (PIV) and numerical simulation methods. The effect of various parameters on the vortex structure and on flow transition, including the structural parameters of the ribs (rib spacing and rib width) and the operating parameters (Taylor number and axial Reynolds number), were investigated. Without axial flow, the ribbed TCR can control the flow structure while maintaining the symmetry of the flow field. Under certain conditions, a Taylor vortex pair can form between the ribs, with the down vortex rotating clockwise and the up vortex rotating counterclockwise. The axial dimension of the Taylor vortex can be controlled by adjusting the rib spacing, which can be summarized into four different conditions according to the size of the rib spacing. With axial flow, the axial Reynolds number greatly impacts the Taylor vortex structure within the ribbed TCR, and as the axial Reynolds number increases, the up vortex appears to be compressed and the down vortex appears to be stretched. The double vortex flow pattern between the ribs is eventually transformed into a single vortex. The critical axial Reynolds number for flow pattern transition is defined and correlated with the Taylor number and rib spacing. The results show that the critical axial Reynolds number is positively proportional to the Taylor number and is inversely proportional to rib spacing. The empirical correlation equation developed in this study shows strong predictive power and is validated using the experimental results. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the flow structure and pattern transition within a ribbed TCR and lays the foundation for the further optimization of TCR design.
Study on the Mechanism of High-Efficiency Rock Breaking by Hydraulic Jet Based on Explicit Dynamics
Authors: Bi Gang , Wang Xin , Han Fei , Wu Jiemin , Yuan Peijie , Fu Shuaishuai , Ma Ying
Published: July 2023

High-efficiency rock breaking by hydraulic jetting is the key to radial horizontal drilling technology. In order to improve the drilling efficiency of hydraulic jet rock breaking in radial horizontal wells, based on LS-Dyna display dynamics, a numerical simulation model of single-nozzle jet rock breaking was established to analyze the influence of different nozzle parameters on the rock-breaking effect. Then, the numerical simulation model of the spin multi-nozzle jet bit was established, and the influence of different rotation speeds on the rock-breaking effect of the jet bit was analyzed. Finally, the rock-breaking drilling characteristics of the spin multi-nozzle jet bit and the conventional multi-nozzle jet bit were compared and analyzed. The results show that when the jet impacts the rock surface, the larger the inclination angle is, the larger the rock-breaking width formed by the jet is. The smaller the dip angle, the greater the rock-breaking depth. When the inclination angle is greater than 60°, it is difficult to meet the needs of reaming. The width and depth of the nozzle gradually increase with the increase of the diameter. When the nozzle diameter is greater than 1.3 mm, the growth rate of rock-breaking depth begins to decrease. The optimum nozzle diameter is 1.3 mm. When v = 50 m/s, the damage caused by the jet to the rock surface is very small, because the condition of rock fracture is not reached with this velocity. This shows that there is a critical value of the water jet impact velocity, and only when the velocity is reached, will the rock break. When the velocity is v = 150 m/s, v = 200 m/s, v = 250 m/s, v = 300 m/s, the rock breaks. At the same time, the higher the speed, the higher the degree of rock fracture, the greater the fracture depth, the greater the fracture area, and the better the fracture effect. The tangential and radial velocity of the jet increases the shear and tensile failure rate of the sample, and improves the rock-breaking efficiency of the jet, which has a certain guiding significance for improving the rock-breaking drilling efficiency of radial horizontal well drilling.
Biomechanics of Ascending and Descending Stairs in a Patient with Transfemoral Amputation and Neural Sensory Feedback: A Case Report
Authors: Bubanj Saša , Radenković Marko , Stanković Dušan , Petković Emilija , Lilić Ana , Bojić Ivana , Aksović Nikola , Dobrescu Tatiana , Bjelica Bojan , Ćuk Ivan , Mazić Sanja , Petrini Francesco Maria , Sinanović Šćepan , Tomović Milena , Leuciuc Florin Valentin
Published: July 2023

(1) Background: Asymmetry in gait could pose a problem for patients with transfemoral amputation, due to a higher risk for secondary comorbidities. Gait analysis during ascending and descending stairs (20 stair ascends and descends) was conducted in a patient with a unilateral transfemoral amputation and integrated neural sensory feedback (NSFB), with the aim to compare biomechanical parameters between the healthy and the prosthetic leg in conditions with and without NSFB. (2) Methods: Transversal-type research was conducted at the beginning of the patient’s rehabilitation and without prior gait training in conditions with NSFB. Complete study included several months of different gait testing with and without the NSFB. Data analyzed in this study are just a small portion of the overall dataset (only one subject, one recording session, reduced amount of trials in one condition), used for showing the validity of the proposed methodology for gait analysis and proving proof of concept. The analyzed parameters included stance, time, and speed of ascending and descending stairs in conditions with and without NSFB, measured for both legs. The data were processed using statistical software (SPSS Statistics version 24), with descriptive statistics and paired-sample t-tests to determine differences in gait parameters between the healthy and the prosthetic leg. (3) Results: The results revealed statistically significant differences (p = 0.00) in all three examined parameters (stance, time, and speed) between conditions with and without NSFB. (4) Conclusions: Gait stance, time, and the speed of ascending and descending stairs can be controlled and tailored in real time using NSFB.
Production Logistics in Industry 3.X: Bibliometric Analysis, Frontier Case Study, and Future Directions
Authors: Yi Honglin , Qu Ting , Zhang Kai , Li Mingxing , Huang George Q. , Chen Zefeng
Published: July 2023

At present, the development of the global manufacturing industry is still in the transition stage from Industry 3.0 to Industry 4.0 (i.e., Industry 3.X), and the production logistics system is becoming more and more complex due to the individualization of customer demands and the high frequency of order changes. In order to systematically analyze the research status and dynamic evolution trend of production logistics in the Industry 3.X stage, this paper designed a Log-Likelihood ratio-based latent Dirichlet allocation (LLR-LDA) algorithm based on bibliometrics and knowledge graph technology, taking the literature of China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science database as the data source. In-depth bibliometric analysis of literature was carried out from research progress, hotspot evolution, and frontier trends. At the same time, taking the case of scientific research projects overcome by our research group as an example, it briefly introduced the synchronized decision-making framework of digital twin-enabled production logistics system. It is expected to broaden the research boundary of production logistics in the Industry 3.X stage, promote the development and progress of the industry, and provide valuable reference for steadily moving towards the Industry 4.0 stage.
COVID-19 Infection, Vaccination, and Antibody Levels: Investigating Correlations through a Cohort Study
Authors: Kayalı Gözde Akkuş , Durmaz Seyfi , Şahin İrem Nur , Akkul Betül , Durusoy Raika , Akarca Funda Karbek , Ulukaya Sezgin , Çiçek Candan
Published: July 2023

Aim: The objective of this study was to explore the potential correlation between COVID-19 infection or vaccination and levels of anti-nucleocapsid (anti-N) and anti-spike (anti-S) antibodies. Methods: Among 6050 healthcare workers at the Ege University Hospital, a cohort study with 162 participants divided into three arms with 54 participants each was conducted. The three groups were selected as follows: those diagnosed with COVID-19 and not vaccinated (group 1), those diagnosed with COVID-19 and subsequently vaccinated with CoronaVac (group 2), and those not diagnosed with COVID-19 but vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVac (group 3). Antibody levels measured at the sixth month of follow-up were defined as the primary outcome. Results: At the sixth month, all serum samples tested positive for anti-S. Anti-S levels were found to be significantly higher in group 2 than in the other groups (p < 0.001). There were no differences in antibody levels between groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.080). Average antibody levels were found to be lower in office workers and males. Anti-N antibodies were found to be positive in 85.1% of subjects at the sixth month. In group 2, anti-N antibodies were detected in all samples at the sixth month. Anti-N antibody levels were not significantly different between groups 1 and 2 (p = 0.165). Groups 1 and 2 had significantly higher antibody levels than group 3 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Vaccination or infection provide protection for at least 6 months. Those who have previously been diagnosed with COVID-19 do not need to be vaccinated in the early period before their antibody levels decrease.
Popcorn and a Movie—Opening Diversity Conversations Across the State
Authors: Ingram Patreese
Published: July 2023

Building the cultural competencies of Extension educators to work effectively with increasingly diverse audiences has become an important goal and a timely focus for professional development. Yet reduced budgets and reductions in staff are challenging the ability to provide professional development in the traditional face-to-face delivery method. This article describes the use of diversity-focused video documentaries followed by open discussions conducted over videoconferencing to multiple county sites. The majority of participants rated this format as a good strategy for diversity education.
Growing Youth Food Citizens
Authors: Wright Wynne , Nault Katherine
Published: July 2023

How can youth be educated and empowered to become responsible food citizens? Evidence from a university-community partnership with youth in Michigan is presented to illuminate participatory approaches to youth engagement in food systems. We found that youth have valuable knowledge to enhance our understanding of food environments. At the same time, obstacles such as an ethos of individualism may stand in the way of youth seeing themselves as food citizens capable of improving their food environment. Cultivating youth food citizens must take into consideration youths' particular knowledge, while also helping them uncover their social responsibilities.
Integrative Review of the Components of Shared Decision-Making
Authors: CHOI Jiyeon
Published: July 2023

Shared decision-making in medicine (SDM), which involves collaboration between patients and physicians, is one of the leading medical decision-making methods. This study aims to identify the components of SDM in end-of-life care by conducting an integrative literature review on SDM research. The study adopted Whittemore and Knafl’s integrative review methodology and analyzed 13 domestic and foreign articles. Based on this review, the following five components of SDM were identified. First, patients and physicians form partnerships in which both play an active role in the decision-making process. Second, information is exchanged between patients and physicians in a circular and transparent manner. Third, sufficient time is spent on meetings, deliberation, and decision-making. Fourth, the decisions that are made are mutually satisfactory and understood by both participants. Fifth, attempts are made to determine whether the patient’s intentions have changed even after a shared-decision is made. In addition to identifying the components of SDM in end-of-life care, this article argues that it is necessary to change certain perceptions and attitudes of medical personnel to enhance patient participation and the exchange of information with patients.
Exploring Students’ Critical Thinking and Curiosity: A Study on Problem-Based Learning with Character Development and Naturalist Intelligence
Authors: Suhirman Suhirman , Ghazali Ihwan
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to investigate the impact of problem-based learning with a focus on character development and naturalist intelligence on critical thinking (CT) abilities and curiosity of students. The study was conducted in a school in the city of Mataram - Indonesia, utilizing a 3x2 treatment by level design. Two groups of students, categorized as having high or low naturalist intelligence, were exposed to three different treatments: problem-based learning with character development (PBL-CD), problem-based learning, and regular learning. Data regarding the students' naturalist intelligence and CT abilities were collected through tests, while information on their curiosity was obtained through observation sheets and self-assessment. Statistical analysis using MANOVA at a significance level of 0.05 was performed. The findings revealed that: (a) PBL-CD had a positive impact on students' CT abilities and curiosity; (b) the naturalist intelligence did not significantly influence students' CT abilities and curiosity; and (c) there was no significant impact observed on students' CT abilities and curiosity when examining the interaction between PBL-CD and naturalist intelligence. Thus, PBL-CD presents itself as a viable strategy to cultivate students' critical thinking skills and inquisitiveness, offering an alternative pathway in routine learning in the classroom.
ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ НАЛОГОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ РОССИИ
Authors: Хасанова М.С. , Джабраилова Х.М. , Махматхаджиева Р.С.
Published: July 2023

Налоговая система играет решающую роль в функционировании и развитии любого государства. Без нее невозможно существование государства в целом, поскольку именно она материально обеспечивает выполнение всех функций, которые выполняет государство. В статье раскрывается эволюция политики налогообложения в России. Определено влияние налогообложения на экономическое развитие страны и социальное положение населения. Показана роль теории налогов и принципов налогообложения в русской экономической мысли.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫЕ ОСНОВЫ ТОРГОВОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ НА БИРЖАХ
Authors: Айдинова Д.Х.-М. , Токова С.И.
Published: July 2023

В статье рассматриваются основные факторы зарождения биржевой торговли и ее развитие. На первоначальном этапе развития объектом биржевой торговли был овеществленный продукт. Конкуренция на рынке торговой деятельности способствовала внебиржевому обороту. С появлением процесса стандартизации биржевых товаров произошло возникновение принципиально нового финансового актива – фьючерса.
The NFL's Pro Bowl Was Broken? Considering Players’ Incentives
Authors: Kunz-Kaltenhäuser Philipp
Published: July 2023

This article examines the growing trend of NFL players to forego participation in the league's yearly All-Star exhibition game, the Pro Bowl. Viewership of the Pro Bowl has been substantially lower than the average game day in recent years, causing controversial discussions about
the viability of the game and its future. As a consequence, the league revised the Pro Bowl's concept entirely in 2022. Since the major determinant of viewership demand is the participation of (superstar) players, this article analyses the individual athletes’ economic incentives in
the decision to participate. To this end, it models the athlete's decision as a rational evaluation of cost–benefit under incentives of monetary reward and punishment. It uses unbalanced panel data on Pro Bowl players from the Super Bowl era (1971–2019), alongside viewership data
and official league data. It applies a range of econometric methods (Pearson correlations, graphical examination) to evaluate hypotheses about the players’ decision-making process. It concludes that the incentives to participate in the Pro Bowl for the majority of players–especially
viewership-driving superstar players–were weak. The monetaryincentives in their previous form were not an efficient way of positively manipulating the percent age of superstars in the game. If the goal was higher demand from players, the incentive structure had to be changed. Such changes
are, inter alia, the reduction of costs for participation in the form of minimizing the risk of injuries. Furthermore, possible changes to the design of the incentive structure are proposed that contain general learnings for the design of such events.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Green Finance
Authors: Sharma Renuka , Mehta Kiran , Ahuja Shivam
Published: July 2023

Sustainable finance is one of the most cutting-edge growth trends in the financial sector, thanks to its growing worldwide significance. Climate finance/green finance/carbon finance has developed in recent years as a potential tool for tackling climate change and its environmental implications while also funding adaptation. Green financing, a novel kind of financial support, aims to support green development while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions. It's an emerging concept that is often explored in the context of preparing for and reducing climate-related environmental degradation. The present study aims to give a detailed review of existing knowledge on the subject of green finance. This chapter used bibliometric methods to analyse 349 articles related to sustainable finance published between 2000 and 2022. The study examined the number of publications, nations, journals, keywords, topic areas, and organisations, as well as highly cited individuals and articles. The study also aims to effectively communicate its findings by using visual depictions and network analysis.
A Machine Learning Technique for Detection of Social Media Fake News
Authors: Arowolo Micheal Olaolu , Misra Sanjay , Ogundokun Roseline Oluwaseun
Published: July 2023

The emergence of the Internet and the growing development of online platforms (like Facebook and Instagram) opened the way for disseminating information that hasn't been experienced in the history of mankind earlier. Consumers generate and share more information and a massive amount of data than ever with the growing utilization of social media sites, many of which are deceptive with little relevance to reality. A daunting task is the automated classification of a text article as misleading or misinformation. To see the latest news alerts, individuals often utilize e-newspapers, Twitter, Instagram, Youtube, and many more. Fake news created on social media can lead to uncertainty amongst individuals and psychiatric illness. We may detect that news obtained based on machine learning techniques is either true or false. This study proposes a machine learning technique to detect fake news by carrying out filtration on social media data, classifying the preprocessed data using a machine learning algorithm, evaluating the developed system, and evaluating the results.
Managing Data Pipeline with Apache Airflow
Authors: Mohit Nara  , Aquila Shaikh  , Rashmita Pradhan
Published: July 2023

Data orchestration is the process of automating the movement and transformation of data between different systems. It is a key part of any data-driven organization, as it allows businesses to efficiently collect, store, and analyze data from a variety of sources. Nowadays, many applications that run on cluster and cloud resources are workflows. A workflow is represented as a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) where each vertex represents a task (i.e., a unit of work) and an edge a computation/data constraint. Apache Airflow has emerged as a powerful open-source tool for data orchestration, offering a scalable and efficient solution for managing complex data workflows. The paper investigates the benefits of using Apache Airflow in terms of workflow management, task scheduling, and monitoring of data processing tasks. Approximately 45% of users are data engineers, 30% are data scientists, and 25% are data analysts who uses the airflow. Also the most common use cases for Apache Airflow are: Scheduling and managing data pipelines (60%), Orchestrating data processing tasks (40%),Monitoring and debugging data pipelines (30%)
Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) inflorescence sap-derived sugar restores the glucose and lipid homeostasis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rat model
Authors: S. Shetty Shilpa , S. V. Ramesh , M. Arivalagan , P. G. Roopashree , M. R. Manikantan , K. B. Hebbar , Kumari Suchetha
Published: July 2023

Introduction and Aim: Coconut palm sugar (CPS) is a functional food comprising unique phytonutrients such as polyphenolics, minerals, inulin, etc., and has a low glycemic index (GI). Based on its distinctive biochemical composition, it was hypothesized that CPS would provide a glucose homeostatic effect. We investigated the effects of CPS oral administration in Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
 
Materials and Methods: Diabetic Wistar rats were administered with different doses of CPS (200,400 and 800 mg/Kg body weight) and standard gliclazide (5 mg/Kg b.w.) for 28 days. Biochemical estimations for fasting blood glucose, lipid profile and  antioxidant status were performed.
 
Results: Treatment with CPS significantly (P 0.001) decreased the plasma glucose levels at 120 min after glucose load. Serum blood glucose, hepatic enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AP)), total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were also decreased. However, levels of total serum protein and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) increased in a significant manner. Pancreatic enzymatic antioxidant levels were restored, and lipid peroxidation was decreased by CPS.
 
Conclusion: CPS showed quite a few health benefits in diabetic rats by bringing back the glucose and lipid homeostasis to normal and yielded favorable outcomes in case of oxidative stress.
Retos en la intervención social con mujeres en movilidad: el caso de la frontera sur española
Authors: Antolinez Dominguez Inmaculada , Jorge Barbuzano Esperanza
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo propone analizar algunos de los retos que plantea a la intervención social el trabajo con mujeres migrantes en el contexto de la frontera sur española, centrándonos en el análisis documental y de los discursos de profesionales que trabajan en organizaciones especializadas en Andalucía, Ceuta e Islas Canarias. Desde el concepto múltiple de frontera de Zapata-Barrero y Ferrer-Gallardo (2012) como herramienta analítica, identificamos algunos retos vinculados a las fronteras ontológicas, epistemológicas y éticas que tienen lugar en los procesos de intervención social. Entre las conclusiones destacamos cómo la acción social, en dicho contexto, ha de hacer frente a una categorización radical entre personas expulsables y prescindibles, desde las políticas de control, y aquellas acogibles, desde marcos de protección que tienden a colocar a las sujetos dentro de la categoría de “víctima”. Junto a esta dicotomía, emerge entonces la reflexión sobre cómo acompañar a las personas con las que se interviene en tanto sujetos de derecho y parte clave en la reflexión sobre modelos y dispositivos de acogida social.
IMPACT OF HYBRID LEADERSHIP ON COMPANY’S PERFORMANCE
Authors: Sadia Saeed, Prof. Dr. Sayeda Daud
Published: July 2023

This research looked at how hybrid leadership affected organizational performance. The goal of the research was to ascertain how profitability, staff engagement, customer happiness, and innovation related to various performance measures. A survey and interviews were employed in a mixed-methods study design. A sample of workers from different organizations were given the survey, and managers and other leaders from these organizations were interviewed. The study's findings revealed that all of the performance measures, including profitability, employee engagement, customer happiness, and innovation, are significantly improved by hybrid leadership. The results imply that hybrid leaders have the capacity to successfully strike a balance between task- and people-oriented behaviors, which enhances organizational performance. The study's findings are in line with other studies that stressed the significance of leadership philosophies in accomplishing organisational objectives. According to the study's results, hybrid leadership styles are best for achieving the highest levels of organisational success. To obtain the best organisational performance, managers and leaders should hone their leadership abilities and embrace a hybrid leadership style. To obtain the best organisational performance, businesses should spend money on leadership development programmes and encourage managers and executives to use a hybrid leadership style. The results of this research have significant ramifications for organisations, managers, and leaders, to sum up. According to the study's findings, in order to accomplish their objectives and operate at their best, organisations should recognise the significance of leadership styles and embrace a hybrid style.