bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting the Need for Surgical Intervention Prior to First Encounter for Individuals With Knee Complaints: A Novel Approach
Authors: Vega José F. , Strnad Gregory J. , Bena James , Spindler Kurt P.
Published: July 2019

Background:

Orthopaedic complaints, particularly those relating to the knee, are some of the most common conditions that bring patients to the hospital. Many patients bypass their primary care physician to seek the care of an orthopaedic surgeon without referral, leaving the surgeon to manage an increasingly large number of patients, many of whom will never require surgery.

Purpose:

To develop a brief questionnaire that can be administered via phone/web at the time of appointment request to predict an individual patient’s probability of requiring surgical intervention.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

All patients (N = 1307) seeking an appointment for a new knee-related complaint completed a branching-logic questionnaire. A retrospective chart review was conducted following the conclusion of each patient’s episode of care to determine whether surgery was recommended. Logistic regression models were used to predict the risk of surgery based on triage question responses, basic demographics (age, sex), and laterality (unilateral vs bilateral). The ability of the models to discriminate between those who did and did not receive a surgical recommendation was measured with a concordance index.

Results:

The model provided a high level of discrimination between surgical and nonsurgical cases (concordance index, 0.69). Recent injury with inability to walk and no recent injury with no pain were both associated with an increased probability of receiving a recommendation of surgical intervention as compared with patients who reported pain without recent injury (odds ratio [OR]: 3.51 [ P < .001] and 2.78 [ P = .008], respectively). A unilateral complaint was associated with needing surgical intervention (OR, 4.52 [ P < .001]). Age had a significant nonlinear relationship with odds of needing of surgery, with middle-aged patients (range, 20-50 years) having the greatest odds.

Conclusion:

The current model, which utilizes demographic questions and portions of a routine history alone, was able to accurately identify individuals who are most likely (up to 65% probability) and least likely (<5% probability) to need knee surgery. This model can quickly and easily conduct triage at the time of appointment request to ensure that patients with the highest likelihood of receiving a recommendation for surgical intervention are seen by surgical providers, while those who are unlikely to receive such a recommendation can be seen by nonsurgical providers.
The Demography of Multigenerational Caregiving: A Critical Aspect of the Gendered Life Course
Authors: Patterson Sarah E. , Margolis Rachel
Published: July 2019

Multigenerational caregiving is important because it affects social and economic outcomes. Existing studies usually exclude theoretically and empirically important aspects—emotional care and horizontal care—that may systematically underestimate gender differences. In this study, we comprehensively describe caregiving by gender and age and examine how sensitive estimates are to the inclusion of directions and types of care. Using the Generations and Gender Survey (GGS) in Europe (N = 114,147), we find that women are more likely to provide care than men across the life course, and gender gaps are largest during critical periods for human capital accumulation. Significant gender gaps in favor of more women providing care are found in most countries, especially when emotional caregiving is included, but in some countries, more men provide care at the oldest ages. These findings highlight how measuring caregiving well is critical to understanding the gendered life course.
Reducing Malaria Mortality at the Lowest Budget: An Optimization Tool for Selecting Malaria Preventative Interventions Applied to Ghana
Authors: Sauboin Christophe , Van Vlaenderen Ilse , Van Bellinghen Laure-Anne , Standaert Baudouin
Published: July 2019

Background. Preventative malaria interventions include long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), indoor residual spraying (IRS), and seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC). The RTS,S vaccine candidate is now also approved for pilot introduction. This analysis estimates the optimal approach when combining current interventions with the vaccine to reduce under-five malaria mortality in Ghana at the lowest cost. Methods. A vector model was combined with a static human cohort model, using country-specific unit costs. Current coverage of each intervention was used as baseline. The base-case vaccine price was US$5/dose, with US$2 or US$10 tested in sensitivity analysis. Model simulations used a goal for extra mortality reduction in children aged <5 years, and identified the optimal combination of interventions to reach that goal at the lowest cost. The time horizon was 5 years. Results. The optimal sequence of investments would be the following: (1) introduce RTS,S; (2) introduce SMC; (3) increase LLINs and IRS concurrently. RTS,S introduction was associated with mortality reduction of 16% for a budget increase of US$15.6 million. Adding SMC with a partial coverage of 4% further reduced mortality by 1% at an additional budget of US$1.4 million. Subsequently scaling-up IRS, LLINs, and SMC at their maximum achievable coverage further reduced mortality by 82% (total reduction 98%) at an additional budget of US$474 million. At an RTS,S price of US$10/dose, SMC was first in the optimal sequence. A lower RTS,S price maintained the sequence but reduced the budget need. Conclusions. In Ghana, RTS,S introduction in addition to the existing measures would be the optimal first step for reducing under-five malaria mortality at the lowest cost, followed by SMC in relevant areas, and then further scaling-up of IRS and LLINs.
Transformative top-down planning in a small African city: How residents in Bagamoyo, Tanzania connect with a city in motion
Authors: Schindler Seth , Nguyen Nancy Duong , Barongo Desdery Gerase
Published: July 2019

The New Urban Agenda commits UN member states to the implementation of national urban plans, and this recentralization of urban governance reverses nearly three decades of political decentralization and devolution. The recentralization of urban governance is evident in Tanzania, where the most recent industrial development strategy articulates a spatial plan aimed at integrating the country with regional and global markets. The lynchpin of this spatial plan is Bagamoyo, a small city located approximately 60 km north of Dar es Salaam. It is situated at the confluence of two development corridors, and as a result it was designated the most appropriate location for a greenfield port and an export processing zone. In the context of Bagamoyo’s top-down transformation, authorities situated at the city and district levels struggle to expand services and infrastructure to accommodate a growing population and expanded urban area. In this article we present original research and narrate the evolution of a city in motion; we focus on the city’s fragmented water network and hybrid solid waste management services, and we explain how residents secure access to water and reduce exposure to waste on an everyday basis. We show that residents connect with the ‘heterogeneous infrastructure configuration’ in a range of ways, and many residents effortlessly switch from one to another in the event of a disruption (e.g. water shortage in the formal public system). We conclude that Bagamoyo’s infrastructure and services should be configured to foster meso-level connections, as neighbourhood water kiosks and waste collection depots would result in more equitable and efficient outcomes.
Kinetics of immune cell reconstitution predict survival in allogeneic bone marrow and G-CSF–mobilized stem cell transplantation
Authors: Waller Edmund K. , Logan Brent R. , Fei Mingwei , Lee Stephanie J. , Confer Dennis , Howard Alan , Chandrakasan Shanmuganathan , Anasetti Claudio , Fernando Shanelle M. , Giver Cynthia R.
Published: July 2019

The clinical utility of monitoring immune reconstitution after allotransplant was evaluated using data from Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network BMT CTN 0201 (NCT00075816), a multicenter randomized study of unrelated donor bone marrow (BM) vs granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)–mobilized blood stem cell (G-PB) grafts. Among 410 patients with posttransplant flow cytometry measurements of immune cell subsets, recipients of G-PB grafts had faster T-cell reconstitution than BM recipients, including more naive CD4+ T cells and T-cell receptor excision circle–positive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells at 3 months, consistent with better thymic function. Faster reconstitution of CD4+ T cells and naive CD4+ T cells at 1 month and CD8+ T cells at 3 months predicted more chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) but better survival in G-PB recipients, but consistent associations of T-cell amounts with GVHD or survival were not seen in BM recipients. In contrast, a higher number of classical dendritic cells (cDCs) in blood samples at 3 months predicted better survival in BM recipients. Functional T-cell immunity measured in vitro by cytokine secretion in response to stimulation with cytomegalovirus peptides was similar when comparing blood samples from BM and G-PB recipients, but the degree to which acute GVHD suppressed immune reconstitution varied according to graft source. BM, but not G-PB, recipients with a history of grades 2-4 acute GVHD had lower numbers of B cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and cDCs at 3 months. Thus, early measurements of T-cell reconstitution are predictive cellular biomarkers for long-term survival and response to GVHD therapy in G-PB recipients, whereas more robust DC reconstitution predicted better survival in BM recipients.
Demographics, management and outcome of females and males with acute respiratory distress syndrome in the LUNG SAFE prospective cohort study
Authors: McNicholas Bairbre A. , Madotto Fabiana , Pham Tài , Rezoagli Emanuele , Masterson Claire H. , Horie Shahd , Bellani Giacomo , Brochard Laurent , Laffey John G.
Published: July 2019

Rationale

We wished to determine the influence of sex on the management and outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients in the Large Observational Study to Understand the Global Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Failure (LUNG SAFE).

Methods

We assessed the effect of sex on mortality, intensive care unit and hospital length of stay, and duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in patients with ARDS who underwent IMV, adjusting for plausible clinical and geographic confounders.

Findings

Of 2377 patients with ARDS, 905 (38%) were female and 1472 (62%) were male. There were no sex differences in clinician recognition of ARDS or critical illness severity profile. Females received higher tidal volumes (8.2±2.1versus7.2±1.6 mL·kg−1; p<0.0001) and higher plateau and driving pressures compared with males. Lower tidal volume ventilation was received by 50% of females compared with 74% of males (p<0.0001). In shorter patients (height ≤1.69 m), females were significantly less likely to receive lower tidal volumes. Surviving females had a shorter duration of IMV and reduced length of stay compared with males. Overall hospital mortality was similar in females (40.2%)versusmales (40.2%). However, female sex was associated with higher mortality in patients with severe confirmed ARDS (OR for sex (maleversusfemale) 0.35, 95% CI 0.14–0.83).

Conclusions

Shorter females with ARDS are less likely to receive lower tidal volume ventilation, while females with severe confirmed ARDS have a higher mortality risk. These data highlight the need for better ventilatory management in females to improve their outcomes from ARDS.
Pneumoniaversusgraft dysfunction as the cause of acute respiratory failure after lung transplant: a 4-year multicentre prospective study in 153 adults requiring intensive care admission
Authors: Mazo Cristopher , Pont Teresa , Ballesteros Maria A. , López Eloísa , Rellán Luzdivina , Robles Juan C. , Rello Jordi
Published: July 2019

We aimed to assess the main causes of intensive care unit (ICU) readmissions in lung transplant adults and to identify independent predictors of ICU mortality (primary end-point).

This Spanish five-centre prospective cohort study enrolled all lung transplant adults with ICU readmissions after post-transplant ICU discharge between 2012 and 2016. Patients were followed until hospital discharge or death.

153 lung transplant recipients presented 174 ICU readmissions at a median (interquartile range) of 6 (2–25) months post-transplant. Chronic lung allograft dysfunction was reported in 39 (25.5%) recipients, 13 of whom (all exitus) had restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS). Acute respiratory failure (ARF) (110 (71.9%)) was the main condition requiring ICU readmission. Graft rejection (six (5.4%) acute) caused only 12 (10.8%) readmissions whereas pneumonia (56 (36.6%)) was the main cause (50 admitted for ARF and six for shock), withPseudomonas aeruginosa(50% multidrug resistant) being the predominant pathogen. 55 (35.9%) and 69 (45.1%) recipients died in the ICU and the hospital, respectively. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) stage 2 (adjusted OR (aOR) 7.2 (95% CI 1.0–65.7)), BOS stage 3 (aOR 13.7 (95% CI 2.5–95.3)), RAS (aOR >50) and pneumonia at ICU readmission (aOR 2.5 (95% CI 1.0–7.1)) were identified in multivariate analyses as independent predictors of ICU mortality. Only eight (5.2%) patients had positive donor-specific antibodies prior to ICU readmission and this variable did not affect the model.

ARF was the main condition requiring ICU readmission in lung transplant recipients and was associated with high mortality. Pneumonia was the main cause of death and was also an independent predictor. RAS should receive palliative care rather than ICU admission.
Full Belief and Loose Speech
Authors: Moss Sarah
Published: July 2019

This paper defends an account of full belief, including an account of its relationship to credence. Along the way, I address several familiar and difficult questions about belief. Does fully believing a proposition require having maximal confidence in it? Are rational beliefs closed under entailment, or does the preface paradox show that rational agents can believe inconsistent propositions? Does whether you believe a proposition depend partly on your practical interests? My account of belief resolves the tension between conflicting answers to these questions that have been defended in the literature. In addition, my account complements fruitful probabilistic theories of assertion and knowledge.
PRÁTICAS DE LINGUAGEM TRANSFÓBICAS NO CIBERESPAÇO: PERSPECTIVAS PRAGMÁTICAS SOBRE A VIOLÊNCIA LINGUÍSTICA
Authors: Silva Danillo Da Conceição Pereira
Published: July 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir, mediante um trabalho teórico-analítico, acerca de práticas linguísticas digitalmente mediadas, engajadas na produção de violência linguística contra pessoas transexuais, travestis e transgêneras. Para este fim, alinhando-nos às perspectivas da Nova Pragmática Linguística, especialmente aos desenvolvimentos recentes em torno da Teoria dos Atos de Fala, problematizamos a compreensão clássica acerca da cooperação como regra das interações linguísticas, destacando o particular caráter violento que algumas delas podem assumir, enquanto efeito pragmático produzido pela natureza indexical dos atos de fala. Ademais, salientamos as especificidades das práticas linguísticas realizadas no ciberespaço, atinentes ao potencial semiótico da violência nesse contexto. Assim, aplicando as discussões teóricas empreendidas, à luz de uma metodologia qualitativa e de cariz interpretativista, procedemos à análise de dois comentários online postados por leitores na página de notícias G1, em matérias relativas a 19º Parada do Orgulho LGBT de São Paulo, Brasil, ocorrida em 2015. Ao cabo do trabalho, constatamos a produtividade da perspectiva pragmática sobre a linguagem na compreensão de práticas online nas quais esta é utilizada com vistas a ferir pessoas contextualmente posicionadas em lugares subalternos em termos de gênero, a exemplo de pessoas trans, dentre outros marcadores sociais da diferença.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O FAZER CIENTÍFICO E O PAPEL DA LINGUAGEM NO DISCURSO DA DIVULGAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Silva Flávia Campos
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo propõe reflexões sobre o fazer científico e o papel da lingua(gem) no discurso da divulgação do conhecimento. A proposta é verificar os efeitos que emergem da relação: condições de produção do discurso, ciência, tecnologia e mídia, analisando os sentidos que são gerados e geridos quando o conhecimento científico circula tanto nos grandes espaços midiáticos, quanto nos espaços especializados mais restritos. Para discutir os conceitos de democratização e espetacularização do conhecimento e considerando a influência de outras discursividades [e suas memórias] na construção de significados e significações, nos apoiaremos nos pressupostos de Guimarães (2003), Debord (1997), Araújo (2004), Orlandi (2010), Dias (2011) e Zoppi-Fontana (2017). Concluiu-se que a visibilidade concedida à Ciência nos espaços midiáticos não especializados ainda é necessária, apesar de (re)significar o sentido da mesma para o grande público – reduzindo-o, por vezes, ao seu aspecto pragmático. E que a presença das universidades nos meios eletrônicos de divulgação, apesar de incipiente, constitui-se em uma forma de resistência que tem tentado dirigir-se aos seus ímpares, de modo a manter a essência do fazer científico. Entendemos que é preciso promover deslizamentos na ordem dos critérios de divulgação para que ao invés de um embate de forças entre os espaços midiáticos e os meios especializados, haja uma ampliação do discurso sobre o fazer científico em prol de visibilidade efetiva, equânime e capaz de construir inteligibilidades outras em prol de uma sociedade melhor.
ICMS VERDE E SUSTENTABILIDADE AMBIENTAL: UM ESTUDO EM 5 MUNICÍPIOS DO SUL E SUDESTE DO PARÁ / GREEN ICMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: A STUDY IN 5 MUNICIPALITIES OF THE SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST OF PARÁ
Authors: Outeiro Gabriel Moraes
Published: July 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os reflexos da política de ICMS verde, como incentivo à sustentabilidade florestal, ao comparar os índices de desmatamento com os valores dos repasses de 5 municípios localizados na mesorregião do sudeste paraense. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória, com análise bibliográfica e documental. Constatou-se que esta política tem demonstrado resultados contraditórios aos seus objetivos
O ENFRENTAMENTO DAS MATÉRIAS TRIBUTÁRIAS EM ICMS PELO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL E A GUERRA FISCAL / THE FACING OF TAX MATTERS IN ICMS BY THE SUPREME FEDERAL COURT AND THE TAX WAR
Authors: Freire Oliveira Karoline , Campos Fischer Octávio
Published: July 2019

O artigo perspectiva analisar questões que são suscitadas ao Supremo Tribunal Federal em matéria de ICMS e a guerra fiscal que é enfrentada em relação a este tributo. Além de realizar apontamentos gerais em relação à compreensão do vínculo da Suprema Corte do Brasil com as controvérsias jurídicas no âmbito da guerra fiscal do ICMS, também objetivou analisar a exigência de convênio nos termos da Lei Complementar n. 24/1975, partir da análise do posicionamento do STF, bem como demonstrar os conflitos relativos à exigência de unanimidade para concessão de benefícios fiscais em ICMS.
CONTROLE DA SELETIVIDADE COM FINALIDADE EXTRAFISCAL NA JURISPRUDÊNCIA DO STF
Authors: Tsunetaka Tamanaha Rodolfo
Published: July 2019

Este artigo examina a aplicação pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal do princípio seletividade em razão da essencialidade no IPI e do ICMS, notadamente no caso da busca de finalidade extrafiscal. A partir de uma pesquisa realizada no site do tribunal, foram verificadas 33 (trinta e três) ocorrências da palavra-chave “seletividade” nos acórdãos da suprema corte brasileira até junho de 2015. Concluiu-se que em apenas 1 (um) caso o Tribunal se deparou com o emprego da seletividade para concretizar finalidade distinta da arrecadatória
Apresentação
Authors: Lodi Ribeiro Ricardo , Cesar Santiago Julio , Benelli Corrêa Vanessa
Published: July 2019

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Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes acometidos por leptospirose em um estado brasileiro na Amazônia Ocidental
Authors: Rodrigues Alesandro Lima
Published: July 2019

Introdução: A leptospirose é causada pela bactéria Lepstospira, fazendo parte do grupo das doenças de notificação compulsória. No país, a leptospirose é um problema de saúde pública que envolve vários fatores e consequências. Objetivo: Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes acometidos por leptospirose no estado do Acre-Amazônia Ocidental, no ano de 2017. Metodologia: Estudo de caráter epidemiológico-descritivo de abordagem quantitativa sobre os casos confirmados de leptospirose no estado do Acre no ano de 2017. Os dados foram coletados online no departamento de informática do Sistema único de Saúde (DATASUS). Resultados: Após análise dos dados, constatou-se que o perfil epidemiológico da doença no estado do Acre foi prevalente no sexo masculino (66,5%), com maior número de casos na faixa etária de 20-39 anos (38,8%) e com nível fundamental incompleto (35,9%). Também foi possível verificar que mais da metade dos casos foram na zona urbana (69,9%), nas cidades de Rio Branco (44,5%) e Cruzeiro do Sul (37,8%). Quanto ao desfecho clínico, verificou-se um elevado percentual de indivíduos curados (96,1%). Conclusão: Assim, conclui-se que a aplicação de atitudes pessoais de prevenção e no dever da administração pública de proporcionar saneamento básico, educação em saúde e infraestrutura ao indivíduo, os subsídios necessários para o enfrentamento da leptospirose.Palavras-chave: Vigilância epidemiológica. Leptospirose Humana. Perfil epidemiológico.
Avaliação de riscos ocupacionais de motorista de ônibus intermunicipal: um estudo de caso no Estado do Pará
Authors: Bermudes Wanderson Lyrio
Published: July 2019

O transporte urbano é relevante para o deslocamento de pessoas, acessibilidade e permite a integração de diversas áreas econômicas. Apesar da importância o condutor do veículo, nem sempre possui boas condições de conforto, saúde e segurança, tendo no período de 2006 a 2017, no Brasil, o registro de 103.231 acidentes de trabalho para trabalhadores que realizam o transporte urbano com itinerário fixo, intermunicipal, região metropolitana, interestadual e internacional. Diante desse cenário essa pesquisa tem por objetivo quantificar os riscos físicos ruído e vibração de corpo inteiro e o risco ergonômico para a função de motorista no norte do estado do Pará. Para a realização da avaliação do ruído e vibração foi adotado as metodologias das normas de higiene ocupacional 01 e 09 da Fundação Jorge Duprat e Figueiredo e as normas regulamentadoras 09 e 15 do governo federal, para a avaliação do risco ergonômico foi utilizada a metodologia Rapid Entire Body Assessment. Os resultados identificaram o risco de ruído de até 82 dB(A) e a vibração de corpo inteiro máxima de 10,20 m.s-1,75 resultados esses inferiores ao limite de tolerância, porém superior ao nível de ação, que indica a necessidade de adoção de medidas de controle. O risco ergonômico foi avaliado com médio, sendo também recomendado ações de controle. Para controle do risco pesquisas sugerem a manutenção periódica dos veículos, substituição do sistema de suspensão e inclusão do câmbio automático, de modo a tornar o ambiente veicular mais seguros, confortáveis e modernos, compatíveis com a relevância do trabalho.
Know better?
Authors: Goddard Charlotte
Published: July 2019

The new baseline assessment programme is being trialled by schools from September. Charlotte Goddard examines what it involves and the concerns surrounding it
Wild ideas
Authors: Mountain Julie
Published: July 2019

What UK settings can learn from Japanese kindergartens when it comes to connecting with nature. By Julie Mountain
Strong points
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: July 2019

How Elmscot Day Nursery in Greater Manchester makes working with parents and carers a priority, both inside the setting and beyond. Annette Rawstrone reports
It's magic
Authors: Russell Meredith Jones
Published: July 2019

New children's laureate Cressida Cowell has unveiled her ‘to-do list’ while in the role. Meredith Jones Russell reports
No escape?
Authors: Russell Meredith Jones
Published: July 2019

What's being done to tackle junk food advertising and its adverse effects on children's health, asks Meredith Jones Russell
A criminal act
Authors: Vollans Caroline
Published: July 2019

What is female genital mutilation and how can those who care for young children take action if they suspect it of happening? Caroline Vollans reports
a guide to: Froebel courses: All for Froebel
Authors: Russell Meredith Jones
Published: July 2019

Training in Froebel practice is available from short courses through to PhD level. Meredith Jones Russell provides an overview of what's available
Ofsted: best practice guide–safeguarding: Open and honest
Authors: Crown Hannah
Published: July 2019

How can settings ensure that staff are fully trained up on safeguarding procedures? Hannah Crown looks at good practice at Little Rainbows Day Nursery
All happening
Authors: Crown Hannah
Published: July 2019

Since the end of the Level 3 apprenticeship standard impasse, more apprenticeships are in development. Hannah Crown rounds up the big changes within vocational training
Special service
Authors: Russell Meredith Jones
Published: July 2019

From short courses to new qualifications at Levels 2 and 3, the sector now has more special needs training options than ever. By Meredith Jones Russell
Филогенетическая биогеография Velloziaceae и родственных таксонов: молекулярно-генетический анализ
Authors: Здравчев Н. С. , Романов М. С. , Бобров А. В.
Published: July 2019

Проведен молекулярно-генетический анализ трех семейств порядка Pandanales (Velloziaceae, Triuridaceae, Stemonaceae) по 4 генам. (atpA, atpB – for spacer atpB–rbcL, tRNA–Leu (trnL) – for spacer trnL–F, and 18SrRNA). Была получена молекулярно-генетическая кладограмма, на основе которой составлены картосхемы корреляции филогенетических связей родов базальных групп Pandanales и их географического распространения,определены регионы гипотетического возникновения семейств и вероятные пути их расселения. Исследованиеустановило, что порядок Pandanales имеет лавразийское происхождение, откуда расселение базальных семействпорядка – Velloziaceae и Triuridaceae, вероятнее всего, происходило дальним транспортом в Америку. Представители семейства Velloziaceae распространялись в Новом свете викарно по территории Южной Америки, затемдальним транспортом в приатлантическую Африку, и, наконец, также викарно на восток, юг и север материка. Семейство Triuridaceae после расселения в Южной Америке (и обособления неотропического рода Triuris) вторичнозаселило Африку, а затем распространилось в южную и юго-восточную Азию, в северную Австралию и Океанию.Представители семейства Stemonaceae после дифференциации от других Pandanales, предположительно, в районе восточного Тибета расселялись викарно в нескольких направлениях: в восточном – до побережья материка, азатем на Японские острова; в юго-западном – до юга Индостана и далее на остров Шри-Ланка; в южном – до полуострова Малакка и далее на Суматру; в юго-восточном – на Филиппины, Борнео и далее на Новую Гвинею, затем в северо-западную Австралию.
Полиморфизм популяций Anemone jenisseensis (Korsh.) Holub (Ranunculaceae) в Южной Сибири
Authors: Мариничева А. Н. , Ямских И. Е.
Published: July 2019

Проведен морфолого-генетический анализ 10 популяций Anemone jenisseensis, произрастающих вюжной части Красноярского края. Выявлено, что популяции, произрастающие в сообществах Западного Саяна,характеризуются наибольшими размерами вегетативных органов, высокими показателями семенной продуктивности и максимальным генетическим разнообразием. Установлено, что изученные популяции нормальные, с преобладанием особей виргинильных и генеративных возрастных состояний. При проведении кластерного анализана основании данных ISSR-PCR анализа обнаружено, что наибольшим сходством обладают популяции, произрастающие в географически близких местообитаниях. По морфологическим признакам такого разделения не выявлено.
Динамика популяций, распространение и особенности биологии Dactylorhiza urvilleana (Orchidaceae) в Сочинском Причерноморье
Authors: Аверьянова Е. А.
Published: July 2019

Dactylorhiza urvilleana широко распространён в Сочинском Причерноморье. Встречается во влажных тенистых лесах колхидского типа. Период весенне-летней вегетации длится около пяти месяцев. Возрастныеспектры различных популяций полночленные, одновершинные, с максимумом генеративных особей. Представлена динамика возрастного состава четырёх популяций. Морфометрические данные варьируют широко, как и рисунок губы цветка. Процент завязывания семян варьирует от 24 до 38, число семян в одном плоде 4711,53 ± 53,93,реальная семенная продуктивность низкая, семена имеют размеры 1285,99 ± 38,37 × 277,93 ± 7,60 мкм.
К вопросу о создании политомического компьютерного ключа для определения растений семейства Ranunculaceae Juss.
Authors: Новолодский И. В.
Published: July 2019

В наше время существует множество проблем, которые встают перед исследователями при изучении растений, такие как систематизация, деление на таксономические единицы (семейство, род, вид и др.) и идентификация как гербарных образцов, так и свежего материала. В данной работе рассматривается создание политомических ключей и их использование в определителях на примере семейства Ranunculaceae Juss. а та же написание программ-определителей на их основе.
Эколого-географический анализ видов рода Geranium L. Алтайской горной страны
Authors: Трошкина В. И.
Published: July 2019

В работе проводится эколого-географический анализ видов рода Geranium L. Алтайской горнойстраны (АГС). Рассматривается распределение видов по ботанико-географическим районам АГС, распределениепо типам ареалов и эколого-ценотическим условиям. Показано, что Алтайская горная страна является одним изцентров разнообразия рода Geranium.
К систематике Rhodiola L. (Crassulaceae DC.) российского Дальнего Востока
Authors: Якубов В. В.
Published: July 2019

Обсуждаются результаты таксономической ревизии рода Rhodiola L. (Crassulaceae DC.) российского Дальнего Востока. На этой территории в настоящее время известно 7 видов родиол: Rh. rosea L., Rh. integrifolia Raf., Rh. × borealis Boriss., Rh. quadrifida (Pall.) Fisch. et C.F. Mey., Rh. angusta Nakai, Rh. stephanii (Cham.)Trautv. et Mey., Rh. ishidae Hara. Описанные с острова Верхотурова и острова Сахалин Rh. krivochizhinii Sipl. иRh. sachalinensis Boriss. не имеют явно выраженных таксономических отличий от Rh. rosea и должны рассматриваться как её синонимы.
Особенности флоры островов Забайкальского национального парка
Authors: Бухарова Е. В. , Лужкова Н. М , Бурдуковский А. И.
Published: July 2019

Видовое разнообразие флоры семи островов Чивыркуйского залива, представленное 314 видамисосудистых растений (из них 178 видов впервые указаны для островов Чивыркуйского семиостровья и 18 видов – для территории Забайкальского национального парка), относящихся к 186 родам и 60 семействам, довольно высокое и обусловлено пестротой экологических условий. Флористическое богатство островов положительнокоррелирует с их площадью. Состав и структура флоры островов позволяют считать ее почти полностью преемственно и неразрывно связанной с флорами, окружающими Чивыркуйский залив Баргузинского хребта и полуострова Святой Нос, которые, в свою очередь, отражают основные структурные черты флоры Байкальской Сибири. В целом флора островов характеризуется как бореальная полугумидная, а флористическое богатство обусловлено биотопическим разнообразием.
Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Rotch на разновозрастных золоотвалах Нижнетуринской ГРЭС
Authors: Глазырина М. А. , Лукина Н. В. , Филимонова Е. И. , Чибрик Т. С. , Раков Е. А.
Published: July 2019

В статье представлены результаты изучения ценопопуляций Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Rotch,произрастающих на разновозрастных золоотвалах Нижнетуринской государственной районной электростанции(НТГРЭС), расположенных в таежной зоне. Изучение пространственной структуры ценопопуляций C. epigeiosпоказало, что на золоотвалах НТГРЭС для данного вида характерен групповой тип распределения побегов. Установлено, что с увеличением возраста ценопопуляций происходит увеличение общей биомассы вида на единицуплощади за счет роста плотности ценобионтов и развития более крупных генеративных побегов. Рост плотностиценобионтов приводит к уменьшению размеров вегетативных побегов. C. epigeios является главным компонентомрастительных сообществ при самозарастании золоотвалов. В экстремальных эдафических условиях данный видформирует устойчивые продуктивные сообщества.
Опыт реконструкции производных березняков в Западно-Хэнтэйской лесорастительной провинции (Монголия)
Authors: Лобанов А. И. , Булган-Эрдэнэ Б. , Цэдэндаш Г. , Дугаржав Ч. , Доржсурэн Ч.
Published: July 2019

Обобщен опыт реконструкции производных березняков коридорным способом методом созданиялесных культур хвойных пород в условиях Западно-Хэнтэйской лесорастительной провинции Монголии.
Бриологический гербарий Сибирского института физиологии и биохимии растений СО РАН (IRK): история и перспективы
Authors: Преловская Е. С. , Казановский С. Г
Published: July 2019

Изложена краткая история создания и работы бриологического гербария (IRK), а также его значение в изучении бриофлоры Южной Сибири и Дальнего Востока.
Пространственная организация водных фитоценозов Бурлинской озерно-речной системы
Authors: Соколова М. И. , Зарубина Е. Ю.
Published: July 2019

Исследована пространственная организация водных фитоценозов Бурлинской озерно-речной системы. Проанализированы таксономическая структура флоры и структура экологических форм по отношениюк водному фактору. Более высокое флористическое разнообразие растительности отмечено в верховьях бассейна реки. Различия в видовом разнообразии растительности на разных участках бассейна объясняются различиемспектров местообитаний (морфометрия, свойство грунтов, гидрологические факторы) и степенью антропогеннойнагрузки.
Особенности развития некоторых растений в степных пастбищах Центральной Монголии
Authors: Федорова С. В.
Published: July 2019

Представлены результаты описательной статистики метрических показателей растений Artemisiaadamsii Besser (Asteraceae) и Potentilla astragalifolia Bunge (Fabaceae) из природных популяционных систем, которые произрастали в ландшафте степных пастбищ в Центральной Монголии. Исследование выполнено в концепции «Полицентрическая модель растения». Описан гипотетический жизненный цикл растений, представленыфото собранных образцов.
Инвазионные виды растений в Промышленновском районе Кемеровской области
Authors: Филиппова А. В. , Пинигина Ю. А. , Романова Н. Г. , Степанюк Г. Я. , Тарасова И. В.
Published: July 2019

Анализируется видовой состав растений, включенных в Черную книгу флоры Сибири (2016), обитающих в Промышленновском районе Кемеровской области. Выявлено 18 видов инвазионных растений из 10семейств, среди которых преобладают однолетние травы. Чужеродные виды Промышленновского района расселяются и натурализуются в нарушенных местообитаниях: на свалках, мусорных кучах, пустырях, по обочинамдорог, у жилья. Некоторые проникают в естественные сообщества. Большинство видов занесены из СевернойАмерики или Средиземноморья, и по времени заноса являются неофитами, по способу заноса – ксенофитами, постепени натурализации – колонофитами и эпекофитами
Флористическое разнообразие лесных сообществ низкогорий Кузнецкого Алатау (Кемеровская область)
Authors: Хрусталева И. А. , Стрельникова Т. О. , Куприянов О. А. , Куприянов А. Н. , Манаков Ю. А.
Published: July 2019

Приведены результаты исследований лесных сообществ низкогорий Кузнецкого Алатау (Кемеровская область). Выявлено флористическое разнообразие пяти участков, расположенных в трех ботанико-географических районах: Барзасского таежного, Томь-Кондомского предгорного и Кузнецко-Алатаусского высокогорного.На обследованных участках были отмечены растения, включенные в Красную книгу Кемеровской области (2012):Asarum europaeum L., Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soa, Erythronium sibiricum (Fisch. et C.A. Mey.) Krylov, Polypodium vulgare L., Sanicula europaea L., Tilia sibirica Bayer.
Биоиндикационные характеристики структурных и функциональных особенностей растений на примере Malus Mill.
Authors: Пикуленко М. М. , Кумахова Т. Х.
Published: July 2019

С применением современных биофизических и физиологических подходов, а также методов электронной микроскопии изучены особенности фотосинтетического аппарата листьев и созревающих плодов яблони урбанизированных и горных территорий. Полученные биоиндикационные характеристики возможно использовать для оперативного наблюдения урбанофлоры и горных агроландшафтов.
Влияние свинца на содержание фотосинтетических пигментов в растениях горчицы белой, обработанных клетками Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Смирнова Ю. В. , Курамшина З. М.
Published: July 2019

Изучено влияние свинца на рост и содержание фотосинтетических пигментов в побегах растенийSinapis alba L., инокулированных клетками эндофитных штаммов Bacillus subtilis. Показано, что обработка семянэндофитными бациллами повышала устойчивость горчицы белой к действию свинца, что проявлялось в лучшихпоказателях роста и содержания фотосинтетических пигментов в тканях обработанных бактериями растений.
Динамика содержания пигментов в листья тополя черного (Populus nigra L.), растущего около автодорог в г. Бийске
Authors: Соколова Г. Г. , Калгина М. В.
Published: July 2019

В статье приводятся результаты исследования содержания пигментов в листьях тополя черного, растущего вдоль автодорог в г. Бийске. Увеличение техногенного загрязнения способствует изменению количестваи соотношения основных и дополнительных пигментов. По сравнению с контролем выявлено закономерное снижение содержания хлорофилла a в листьях тополей, растущих на перекрестках и вдоль дорог, на 32–62 %. Отмечено достоверное увеличение содержания хлорофилла b на 14–41 % и каротиноидов на 8–29 %, снижение отношения хлорофиллов a/b.
Биохимическая оценка плодов перспективных форм жимолости алтайской (Lonicera altaica Pall.), интродуцированной в условиях ботанического сада г. Астаны
Authors: Вдовина Т. А.
Published: July 2019

В статье приводятся результаты исследований биохимического состава плодов жимолости алтайской. Содержание витамина С и сахаров в ягодах невысокое, что характерно для этого вида. По содержанию фенольных веществ отмечен высокий диапазон варьирования. В накоплении общего сахара кислотности и сухих веществ вариабельность незначительна.
Интродукция редких и исчезающих видов в Кузбасском ботаническом саду
Authors: Вронская О. О. , Роднова Т. В. (†)
Published: July 2019

В Кемеровской области насчитывается около 2 000 видов растений. Под влиянием глобального изменения климата и в связи с антропогенной и техногенной нагрузкой флористическое разнообразие претерпеваетзначительное изменение. Одним из приемов сохранения отечественного природного генофонда служит возделывание и изучение растений природной флоры в ботанических садах. В результате комплексного изучения растений определены морфологические особенности, возрастные состояния, подведены итоги интродукции следующих видов редких растений Кемеровской области: Aquilegia sibirica Lam. (водосбор сибирский), Thalictrum petaloideum L. (василисник лепестковидный), Aconitum paskoi Worosch. (борец Паско), Leibnitzia anandria (L.) Turcz.(лейбниция бестычиночная), Physochlaina physaloides (L.) G. Don fil. (пузырница физалисовая), Linum perenne L.(лён многолетний), Fritillaria meleagroides Patrin ex Schult. et Schult (рябчик шахматовидный).
Растения Красной книги России в коллекции «Флора Сибири» Главного ботанического сада РАН
Authors: Зуева М. А. , Мамонтов А. К. , Стогова А. В.
Published: July 2019

Изучен и обобщен многолетний опыт выращивания и сохранения генофонда редких и охраняемыхвидов в условиях Главного ботанического сада им. Н. В. Цицина РАН (Москва). В коллекции «Флора Сибири»выявлен 21 вид, занесенный в Красную книги России, из которых устойчивы 19.
Репродуктивный потенциал Lonicera L. (Caprifoliacea Juss.) при интродукции
Authors: Киселёва Т. И.
Published: July 2019

Приведены результаты исследования завязываемости семян 13 видов Lonicera L. коллекции Центрального сибирского ботанического сада (г. Новосибирск). Выявлено потенциальное и фактическое число семянв одном плоде. Интродуценты демонстрируют высокий показатель завязываемости и значительное варьированиечисла семян в плодах.
Сохранение редких и исчезающих видов луковичных растений во Всероссийском научно-исследовательском институте цветоводства и субтропических культур
Authors: Слепченко Н. А.
Published: July 2019

Создание, пополнение и поддержание генетических коллекций субтропических, южных плодовых,цветочно-декоративных культур является одним из важных направлений исследований во Всероссийском научно-исследовательском институте цветоводства и субтропических культур. Большое внимание уделяется изучению растительного разнообразия, в том числе видов природной флоры, которых насчитывается более 150 таксонов. Луковичные представлены 16 видами, относящимися к пяти семействам. Семь видов имеют статус редкиеи исчезающие.
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS FOCUSED ON THE MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CEMENT-BASED POLYMER-MODIFIED MORTARS
Authors: Kucharczyková Barbara , Šimonová Hana , Halamová Romana , Kocáb Dalibor , Alexa Martin
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the experimental analysis focused on the development of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the cement-based polymer-modified mortars (PCM) during ageing. Two different commercial products commonly used for similar in-situ applications were used for the experiment. The results of the shrinkage, elastic, fracture and strength parameters determined within the time interval from 3 days to 2 years of ageing are summarized and discussed in the article. The performed experimental analysis showed different behaviour of tested PCMs. The most significant differences were observed at the age of 90 days when one of the tested PCM showed a substantial decrease in most of investigated characteristics.
VERIFICATION OF THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED AND NATURAL AGGREGATES
Authors: Mikulica Karel , Hájková Iveta
Published: July 2019

In the future, it is planned to use up to 50% of construction and demolition waste (C&DW) for the production of new building structures. This leads us to think about how we can use recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as a substitute for natural aggregate (NA) in concrete mixtures. This is why we compare the two typical representatives of recycled aggregates with a representative of natural aggregates. As a representative of recycled aggregates, we chose pure concrete recycled from the cutting of concrete and mixed recyclate from the demolition of the apartment building. As a representative of natural stone, we chose the extracted aggregate.
THE USE OF LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE IN PREPARATION OF THERMAL INSULATION LIME-BASED RENDERS
Authors: Pokorný Jaroslav , Pavlíková Milena , Pavlík Zbyšek
Published: July 2019

Lime-based renders are common part of historical or older buildings that don’t always provide a comfortable inside climate due to the problems with high thermal losses. Thermal insulation renders may possibly retrofit or replace original render layers and mitigate negative impacts of harmful external climate. In this respect, determination of basic structural, mechanical and thermal properties of lime-based renders containing various amount of perlite that was used as partial silica sand replacement is presented in the paper. Experimental tests performed for 28 days high relative humidity-cured samples showed significant decrease in bulk density and apparent density for renders with incorporated perlite compared to reference render mix composed of silica sand-based aggregate only. Accordingly, porosity of perlite mortars was significantly higher, what led to the lower thermal conductivity values in comparison with reference render. Although the mechanical resistance of perlite-modified renders was lower than that of reference material, it was still sufficient for their use as thermal insulation layer compatible with older construction materials. Based on the obtained data it can be concluded, the analysed hydrated lime-based plasters with perlite admixture can be considered as promising materials for buildings refurbishment.
An Abstract Linking Theorem Applied to Indefinite Problems Via Spectral Properties
Authors: Maia Liliane A. , Soares Mayra
Published: July 2019

An abstract linking result for Cerami sequences is proved without the Cerami condition. It is applied directly in order to prove the existence of critical points for a class of indefinite problems in infinite-dimensional Hilbert Spaces. The applications are given to Schrödinger equations. Here spectral properties inherited by the potential features are exploited in order to establish a linking structure, and hence hypotheses of monotonicity on the nonlinearities are discarded.
Comparative analysis of gut microbiota among the male, female and pregnant giant pandas (Ailuropoda Melanoleuca)
Authors: Zhao Siyue , Li Caiwu , Li Guo , Yang Shengzhi , Zhou Yingming , He Yongguo , Wu Daifu , Zhou Yu , Zeng Wen , Li Ti , Qu Yuanyuan , Li Bei , Deng Wenwen , Jin Lei , Yu Xiumei , Huang Yan , Zhang Hemin , Zou Likou
Published: July 2019

The giant panda (GP) was the most endangered species in China, and gut microbiota plays a vital role in host health. To determine the differences of the gut microbiota among the male, female and pregnant GPs, a comparative analysis of gut microbiota in GPs was carried out by 16S rRNA and ITS high-throughput sequencing. In 16S rRNA sequencing, 435 OTUs, 17 phyla and 182 genera were totally detected. Firmicutes (53.6%) was the predominant phylum followed by Proteobacteria (37.8%) and Fusobacteria (7.1%). Escherichia/Shigella (35.9%) was the most prevalent genus followed by Streptococcus (25.9%) and Clostridium (11.1%). In ITS sequencing, 920 OTUs, 6 phyla and 322 genera were also detected. Ascomycota (71.3%) was the predominant phylum followed by Basidiomycota (28.4%) and Zygomycota (0.15%). Purpureocillium (4.4%) was the most prevalent genus followed by Cladosporium (2.5%) and Pezicula (2.4%). Comparative analysis indicated that the male GPs harbor a higher abundance of phylum Firmicutes than female GPs with the contribution from genus Streptococcus. Meanwhile, the female GPs harbor a higher abundance of phylum Proteobacteria than male GPs with the contribution from genus Escherichia/ Shigella. In addition, the shift in bacteria from female to pregnant GPs indicated that phylum Firmicutes increased significantly with the contribution from Clostridium in the gut, which may provide an opportunity to study possible associations with low reproduction of the GPs.