bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilateral frontal sinus mucocele: Histopathological and clinical review of a case
Authors: Belli Seyda , Oktay Mehmet
Published: February 2025

Paranasal sinus mucoceles are cystic lesions that occur as a result of accumulation of mucoid secretion and desquamated epithelium, leading to distension by growing in an expansile and destructive manner within the sinus wall. The frontal sinus is most commonly involved, whereas sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary mucoceles are rare. However, bilateral frontal sinus involvement is more rare. If the cyst invades the adjacent orbit and continues to expand within the orbital cavity, the mass may mimic the behaviour of many benign growths primary in the orbit. Here, we present a case with frontal mucocele involving bilateral sinuses. It was manifested with proptosis and exophthalmia of the left eye in a forty years-old male patient. Paranasal computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an image consistent with mucocele. We performed intranasal frontal sinusectomy via endoscopic approach. No orbital and intranasal complication developed at the end of the surgery. We report here that endoscopic drainage, performed by experienced hands, could be preferred surgical approach in rare case of bilateral frontal mucocele case.
The treatment of metastatic prostate carcinoma with BNCT in the ITU TRIGA MARKII reactor on rat model
Authors: Akan Zafer , Ozdemir Hulya , Oto Gokhan , Uslu Hatice Sinav , Turkmen Mehmet , Yuksel Mehmet Bilgehan
Published: February 2025

Objective:  The delivery of curative radiotherapy is commonly has the potential of serious side effects. These side effects still remain dose-limiting factor for external beam radiotherapy and as also curative treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). New treatment alternatives, such as BNCT, are investigated to eliminate these limitations and to improve the therapeutic efficiency of radiation on tumour cells including prostate cancer. In this study, we investigated the efficiency of BNCT application by using our novel 10B carrier that was called as 10B-DG on PCa using an in vivo mouse xenograft model.
Material and Methods: PCa bearing Copenhagen rats (CRs) were used in this experimental animal study. A total of 12 CRs at the age of 2 months were used in this experimental animal study. MAT-LyLu PCa cells were injected subcutaneously into the peritoneal cavity of rats to create PCa model. The samples were divided into 4 groups: As, control, neutron irradiated, 10B-DG and 10B-DG + neutron irradiated group. 10BDG was administrated to tumour bearing rats and rats were exposed to 8.074 gy/hr thermal and epithermal. Tumour sizes were regularly measured by microtome and PET scan along 20 days.
Results: The results have shown that the tumor growth were regressed just in 10B-DG + neutron irradiated group. In addition that, PET-CT scan results revealed that 18FDG uptake was stopped in the BNCT treated group due to metabolic inactivation of ablated tumor tisue.
Conclusion: This study revealed that BNCT treatment can be successfully performed by using our novel 10B carrier 10BDG in the management of PCa. We suppose that this novel 10B carrier can take place as a safe and effective agent in routine clinical practice of BNCT.
Diet induced weight loss reduces mean platelet volume in people with obesity
Authors: Kurt Huseyin , Demirkiran Davut
Published: February 2025

Objectives: To investigate is there a relationship between obesity parameters, mean platelet volume (MPV) and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and to examine is there a change in MPV and NLR level with weight loss.
Material and Methods: The retrospective study consisted of two groups as the group losing weight after 24 weeks of diet (WLG) and the control group not losing weight (CG). Body mass index (BMI), MPV, NLR and lipid values of each group were recorded at the beginning and at the end of the study.
Results: The study consisted of 186 individuals 94 of whom were in WLG and 92 were in CG. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the initial value of MPV and BMI in WLG (p <0.05). There was a significant difference existed in the initial and final lipid parameters of WLG (p<0.0001). Changes in initial and final MPV values in WLG and CG were different from each other (p <0.01). The difference between the initial and final MPV values and BMI values in WLG was statistically significant (P <0.001). No significant correlation was found between obesity and weight loss with NLR.
Conclusions: There was a statistically significant correlation between MPV and BMI. MPV levels decreased in obese individuals with weight loss. No correlation existed between BMI and NLR.
Atherosclerotic and metabolic effects of hypothyroidism due to chronic thyroiditis
Authors: Cerit Ethem Turgay , Akturk Mujde
Published: February 2025

Hypothyroidism is the condition of decreased hormone production to provide the needs of peripheral tissues. Clinical symptoms may vary depending on patient's age, disease duration and thyroid hormone levels. Thyroid hormones are important determinants of basal metabolic rate and thyroid hormone status have a strong effect on different metabolic pathways (protein, carbohydrate, lipid) and atherosclerotic pathogenetic mechanisms.
This review focuses on metabolic and atherosclerotic effects of hypothyroidism due to chronic (hashimoto) thyroiditis
The State and Importance Of Motorcycle Injuries In Progression With Trauma Etiologies
Authors: Ozkayin Nadir , Kaan Erdem , Aktuglu Kemal
Published: February 2025

Objective: Motorcycle injuries have shown a progression in last years in trauma patients admitted to our clinic. The aim of this study is to evaluate statistically whether the motorcycle accidents’ incidence is really has a progression or not.
Method:The study involved 180 patients (87 women, 93 men) operated for the fractures after a motorcycle crash between the first six months of 2002 and 2007. The injury patterns are investigated if there is a significant increase or not. The mean age was 45.2 years. In Group I; 50 patients (22 women, 28 men ) were included which operated in the first 6 months of 2002. The mean age was 44.8 years. In Group II; 130 patients (65 women, 65 men ) were included which operated in the first 6 months of 2007. The mean age was 45.7.
Results: We compared two groups and found a significant 3.425 increase in motorcycle injuries contrary to 0.075 decrease in falls, 0.023 decrease in traffic accidents within the vehicle, 0.013 decrease in traffic accidents out of the vehicle, 0.616 decrease in sports injuries, 0.25 decrease in gunshot injuries. This increase in motorcycle injuries is statistically significant.
Conclusion: We have found significant increase in motorcycle injuries statistically. The importance of this, it affects younger population, and they bring out high morbidity. Since; we think that motorcycle injuries must be stated especially in literatures. We must warn our colleagues to state this injuries, and must take precautions against this problem.
An extremely rare complication after appendectomy in a child: indicators for omental abscess, CRP and Leukocytosis
Authors: Sarsu Sevgi Buyukbese
Published: February 2025

A 14 year-old male child underwent appendectomy, and partial omentectomy with the indication of perforated appendicitis. Despite antibiotic therapy at postoperative sixth day, purulent discharge started to ooze from the incision site. Upon detection of a palpable mass in the lower right abdominal quadrant, ultrasonographic examination was performed on the postoperative 14th day which revealed a non-homogeneous hypoechoic mass measuring 50-45 mm with irregular contours. The case was re-operated and a greater omental abscess was found which resected en-bloc. Any evidence of foreign object or residual appendiceal tissue was not found. Postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the 36th postoperative day.
Herein, we reported an extremely rare case of omental abscess developed following appendectomy
Peripheral neuropathy as a rare syndrome related to metronidazole usage: Metronidazole may lead to persistent neuropathy
Authors: Sayin Refah , Aydin Mehmet Nuri , Hamamci Mehmet
Published: February 2025

Metronidazole is a potent drug used against some protozoa like Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Trichomonas vaginalis and Balantidium coli, and anaerobic bacteria. It is used for the treatment of alcoholism, Crohn’s disease, exophthalmos, rheumatoid arthritis, rosea and acne as well. It is a well-tolerated drug with some kinds of side effects like abdominal pain, headache, nausea and metallic taste. Rarely but severely, pseudomembranous colitis, epileptic seizure, encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy might be seen. These side effects are generally self-limited. Drug administration should be stopped immediately in case of these side effects’ existence. In this article, we presented a case which used metronidazole for hepatic ameobiasis in a time period of 4 and a half months, and developed peripheral neuropathy.
Reconstruction of gluteal defects related to Nicolau Syndrome secondary to intramuscular injection of diclofenac sodium with negative pressure wound therapy followed by skin graft.
Authors: Kokacya Omer , Tabakan Ibrahim , Gencel Eyuphan , Eser Cengiz
Published: February 2025

Objective: Nicolau syndrome, synonymously livedo-like dermatitis or embolia cutis medicamentosa is a rare complication of drug injection leading to locoregional necrosis of the skin, adipose and muscular tissue. Underlying physiopathology is not well unserstood and there is no standart guideline for its management. However, after the demarcation of necrosis, debridement and for large wounds reconstruction is mandatory. Even though vast majority of the Nicolau syndrome cases were reported by other disciplines but the plastic surgery, there may be further need for reconstructive procedures for wound closure.
Material and Methods: Present study included eight patients admitted to our wound care center for necrosis at the gluteal region after intramuscular injection of diclofenac sodium who were treated with debridement, negative pressure wound therapy and skin grafts. Patients’ ages, genders, body mass indexes, underlying diseases were documented. Sizes of the lesions were measured.  Injection, hospitalization, skin graft operation and discharge dates were recorded.
Results: All the wounds healed uneventfully but with depressed scars. Mean duration of hospitalization was 23.5 (range, 15-34) days.
Conclusion: In the present article, we reported that even if the hospitalization time is longer and cosmetic result is poorer, skin grafting after sufficient times of vacuum assited wound therapy administration is a reliable method. We do not recommend this method as the first choice but if there is not adequate adjacent soft tissue for harvesting  flaps or if a suitable perforator vessel is not found for  peforator flap harvest, this reliable method should be kept in mind.
A Retrospective Analysis on the Use of Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Authors: Guducuoglu Huseyin , Bektas Abdullah , Keskin Siddik , Ragbetli Cennet
Published: February 2025

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether an algorithm has been used for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis samples over the last three years.
Material and Methods: A total of 1,036 samples collected between June 2010 and March 2013 were submitted to the laboratory for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The samples were studied using the Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen (EZN) staining. Various culture methods such as Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium-BacT/ALERT® 3D and the BD BACTEC™ MGIT™ 320 Mycobacteria Culture System were applied for 508 samples. Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method was performed in 138 samples. In general, 2 or 3 samples were obtained from each patient for the diagnosis of acid-fast bacilli (AFB), whereas only one sample was obtained for culture.
Result: Of the EZN-positive samples, 30% were PCR-positive and 65% were culture-positive; of the culture-positive samples, 13% were PCR-positive and 54% were EZN-positive; of the PCR-positive samples, 21% were culture-positive and 43% were EZN-positive.
Conclusion: AFB and culture are likely to be inadequate for the determination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, PCR seems to be an essential need. However, the clinical table of the patient should also be considered to determine the need for PCR. Thus, an appropriate algorithm should be suggested for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Comparison of the effects of two different dose algorithms in cardiac dose parameters for hodgkin lymphoma patients receiving mediastinal radiotheraphy
Authors: Tahberer Emre , Adigul Mehmet , Capar Ahmet Ergin , Cinkaya Ahmet , Coban Yasin , Surenkok Serdar
Published: February 2025

Objective:  This study aimed to compare pencil beam (PB) and convolution superposition (CS) dose calculation algorithms with respect to cardiac dose-volume parameters V5, V25, V30 and MHD (median heart dose) in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients who received mediastinal radiotherapy (RT).
Material and Methods:  Ten eligible cases with the diagnosis of HL who completed mediastinal RT at Dokuz Eylül University Department of Radiation Oncology before 01.01.2011 formed the study population.  Related 3D conformal RT treatment plans were obtained from the Treatment Planning System (TPS) (Nucletron Oncentra Master Plan Version 3.3 SP3 program). Calculations were done for 6 and 18 MV-X beam energy, respectively by using PB and CS algorithms in the TPS. Two algorithms were compared in terms of cardiac dose-volume parameters (V5, V25, V30 and MHD).
Results: Mean relative difference for both V25 and V30 was found to be significantly higher in favor of PB algorithm in both 6 MV-X and 18 MV-X photon energy.  Mean relative differences were 1.75% (p=0.012) and 6.76% (p=0.028) for the V25 and V30 parameters, respectively in 6 MV-X and 3.25% (p=0.021) and 13.95% (p=0.007) for the V25 and V30 parameters, respectively in 18 MV-X energy.
Conclusion:  When PB algorithm is used in RT treatment planning of HL patients for the mediastinal region where tissue inhomogeneity is relatively high, heart V25 and V30 parameters were shown to result in higher values compared to CS algorithm in our study.  It is more appropriate to prefer CS algorithm instead of  PB algorithm since it increases accuracy of calculations in the treatment planning of mediastinal RT.
Recurrent ovary cancer presenting with scleroderma - A rare case report
Authors: Sargin Betul , Gurer Gulcan , Bozbas Gulnur Tasci , Noyan Fatih , Barut Kayra , Tataroglu Canten
Published: February 2025

Scleroderma is a chronic autoimmune multisystem disorder which is characterized by progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Ovary cancers with scleroderma have been reported in the literature. But recurrent ovary cancer with scleroderma has not been reported before.
Here, we report a 65 -year old female patient presenting with recurrent ovary cancer and subsequently diagnosed with scleroderma. Due to literature sources, this is the first case of presenting with recurrent ovary cancer and scleroderma
Investigation of Serum Enzyme Activity of Nitric Oxide (NO), Arylesterase (ARE) and Paraoxanase (PON) in Renal Tumors
Authors: Gur Tugba Gur , Enterili Gulsen , Pirincci Necip , Demir Canan , Demir Halit , Kaba Mehmet , Eren Huseyin
Published: February 2025

Objective: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant capacity have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, and cancers. Oxidative stress can cause tumor angiogenesis and may be carcinogenic. However, the relationship between antioxidant capacity and various cancers has been researched in several clinical trials.
Materials and Methods: In this study, we aimed to identify serum Nitric Oxide (NO), Arylesterase (ARE) and paraoxonase (PON) activities in patients with renal tumors. Serum ARE, PON and NO levels were measured by spectrophotometer.
Results: Increased activity of serum nitric oxide (NO) was determined in cancer group. Serum Arylesterase (ARE) were significantly lower in the patient group than the control group. Increased activity of Serum paraoxonase (PON) were detected in the control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Our results indicates that Nitric oxide (NO), arylesterase (ARE) and paraoxonase (PON) activities may play an important role in the pathogenesis of renal cell cancer.
Pattern of chronic myeloid leukemia in the Congo
Authors: Ngolet Lydie Ocini , Malanda Felix , Dokekias Alexis Elira
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Chronic myeloid leukemia is a clonal myeloproliférative disorder caused by reciprocal translocation t (9;22)  that induces tyrosin kinase protein. Imatinib is a selective inhibitor of this protein. Aim of this study is to describe, the clinical and biological feature of chronic myeloid leukemia in the Congo.
Material and Methods: The study is a retrospective study which conducted in Clinical Hematology unit of teaching hospital in Brazzaville, Congo on newly diagnosed patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. A total of 25 males and 14 females with a mean age of 36 years (16 and 69 years) at time of the diagnosis were enrolled in the study.
Results: The mean duration of the illness at the time of the diagnosis was 11.4 months (0.5 and 50 months). Patients presented with a splenomegaly, mean leukocytosis rate at 168.5g/l (14.6-381 g/l), moderate anemia at 8.4 g/dl (3.1 and 12.8 g/dl) and normal platelet rate at 415.4 g/dl (164 and 998 g/l). Thirty eight on thirty nine patients (97.43 %) presented at chronic phase             and the Sokal score was high in 46.2%. Imatinib induced complete hematologic response at 3 months in all patients. Complete cytogenetic response was achieved in 20.51%. The median follow up period was months. The Overall Survival was 86.6% at 26 months and Progression Free Survival was 91.8% at 12 months.
Conclusion: This meta analysis report represents the clinical and biological pattern of chronic myeloid leukemia in the Congo.
Efektivitas kinerja pengawasan obat dan makanan di wilayah kerja Balai Besar Pengawas Obat dan Makanan di Bandung
Authors: Aristawidya Levina , Zuhrotun Ade
Published: February 2025

Peningkatan permintaan obat dan makanan akan berdampak pada produksi dan distribusi obat dan makanan yang semakin luas. Peredaran obat dan makanan yang meluas tersebut menyebabkan timbul masalah-masalah kesehatan masyarakat terkait mutu dan keamanan yang tidak memenuhi standar sehingga diperlukan peningkatan pengawasan obat baik pre-market maupun post-market oleh Badan POM. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kinerja pengawasan sarana produksi dan distribusi obat dan makanan yang dilakukan oleh salah satu Unit Pelaksana Teknis Badan POM di Indonesia, yaitu Balai Besar POM di Bandung. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan data primer dari laporan kinerja Balai Besar POM di Bandung dari tahun 2020 sampai dengan tahun 2023. Berdasarkan capaian indikator kinerja, pelaksanaan kegiatan pengawasan sarana produksi dan distribusi obat dan makanan oleh Balai Besar POM di Bandung dinilai sudah cukup efektif yang dibuktikan dengan Nilai Capaian Kinerja yang selalu di atas 100% dari tahun ke tahun. Nilai pencapaian dan efisiensi kinerja secara keseluruhan tahun 2020 hingga 2023 berturut-turut, antara lain 104,66%; 101,38%; 107,60%; dan 103,82%. Namun demikian, jika dicermati nilai realisasi per indikator setiap tahunnya, terdapat beberapa indikator yang belum mencapai target renstra 2020-2024 sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya-upaya lebih lanjut agar dapat meningkatkan dan memaksimalkan nilai capaian kinerja. Upaya tersebut dapat berhasil jika dibersamai dengan kolaborasi dan sinergisme seluruh pemangku kepentingan sehingga masyarakat menerima produk obat dan makanan yang bermutu dan aman sesuai standar.
EFEKTIVITAS METODE PENGAJARAN PENCAK SILAT DALAM MENINGKATKAN DISIPLIN DAN KARAKTER MAHASISWA
Authors: Jasmani  , Iwan Arya Kusuma  , Slamet Sudarsono  , Risa Agus Teguh Wibowo  , Muchhamad Sholeh  , Bintang Qori Az Zahra
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji Efektivitas Metode Pengajaran Pencak Silat dalam Meningkatkan Disiplin dan Karakter Mahasiswa. Pencak silat, sebagai salah satu seni bela diri tradisional, tidak hanya melatih kemampuan fisik, tetapi juga diyakini memiliki peran dalam membentuk kepribadian dan perilaku disiplin individu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi kepada mahasiswa yang mengikuti pelatihan pencak silat. Indikator yang diukur meliputi disiplin yang mencakup ketaatan pada peraturan, konsistensi latihan, manajemen waktu, kedisiplinan akademik, dan kemampuan mengontrol emosi. Sementara itu, aspek karakter yang dinilai meliputi tanggung jawab, kerjasama, kejujuran, keberanian, serta rasa hormat dan empati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pengajaran pencak silat efektif dalam meningkatkan perilaku disiplin mahasiswa, yang tercermin dari peningkatan ketaatan terhadap peraturan, konsistensi dalam latihan, dan kemampuan dalam mengelola waktu. Selain itu, karakter mahasiswa seperti tanggung jawab, kejujuran, dan kerjasama juga berkembang secara signifikan. Mahasiswa yang mengikuti pelatihan pencak silat juga mengalami peningkatan dalam ketahanan fisik dan keseimbangan emosi. Dengan demikian, pencak silat dapat dianggap sebagai metode yang efektif untuk membentuk disiplin dan karakter mahasiswa secara holistik.
Kata Kunci: pencak silat, disiplin, karakter
Mulching effects on the quality formation of medicinal materials and rhizosphere soil microenvironment in
Notopterygium franchetii
in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Xu Shengrong , Ma Ruili , Yang Shibing , La Taijia , Nan Xingmei , Kang Wenjuan
Published: February 2025

Different cultivation methods directly affect the quality of medicinal materials, to gain insights into the effects of different type of mulching on the quality of Notopterygium franchetii root medicinal materials, farmland experiments were conducted in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We subjected two-year-old Notopterygium franchetii seedling to five mulching treatments: no mulching (CK, control), coarse sand mulching (CM), grassy mulching (GM), stalk mulching (SM), and plastic mulching (PM). Following these treatments, we determined the moisture content, pH, NPK contents, and enzymeatic activity of the soil, and morphological indexes and content of the main components of root. Stalk mulching and PM increased the main root biomass by increasing its ground diameter and reduced branched root biomass by reducing the number of branched roots produced. Grassy mulching increased the root biomass by promoting main root elongation. Mulching increased the total content of the six main root components, with the most significant change obtained with GM, but the pattern of change of the different components varied among the mulch treatments. Contents of NPK were significantly higher than in the control with GM, but decreased with PM. Coarse sand mulching and PM significantly reduced the activities of urease and sucrase, and SM significantly increased the activities of urease, catalase and sucrase, but significantly decreased that of phosphatase. Furthermore, GM significantly increased phosphatase and sucrase activities, while CM significantly decreased urease and sucrase activities. Various soil enzymes and its pH promote main root bioaccumulation by increasing the root ground diameter or main root length. Sucrase activity promoted the accumulation of ferulic acid, psoralen, and notopterol content, and inhibited the accumulation of chlorogenic acid and nodakenin. Elevated soil water content promoted the accumulation of ferulic acid, notopterol and nodakenin, and inhibited isoimperatorin accumulation. Hence, NPK, pH, and various enzymes have different effects on the accumulation of major components in the root. The effect of mulching is closely linked to root growth and distribution, as well as to the soil environment. Various soil factors affect the quality of medicinal materials differently and, ultimately, can work together to form an equilibrium state that benefit the accumulation of main root biomass and main components with medicinal interest in Notopterygium franchetii.
Process approach to capitalization as the basis of financial sustainability of transport industry enterprises in the conditions of intellectually oriented development
Authors:   State University "Kyiv Aviation Institute", Arefieva Olena , Piletska Samira , Safonik Nataliia ,   State University "Kyiv Aviation Institute", Lishchenko Oleksandr ,   State University "Kyiv Aviation Institute"
Published: February 2025

The article highlights that enterprises are compelled to adapt to rapidly changing external environments to achieve intellectually-oriented development in economic instability and market globalization. It is substantiated that the application of process-oriented technologies in organizing production activities enables enterprises to survive, maintain stable operations, and grow, optimizing objectives while effectively utilizing resources actively. The article aims to analyze and substantiate the effectiveness of using a process-oriented approach to capitalization to ensure the financial stability of transport enterprises under conditions of intellectually-oriented development characterized by rapid technological changes, innovations, and the use of knowledge to achieve strategic goals. It is argued that in the context of the intellectually oriented development of the transport industry, the financial stability of enterprises depends on key factors such as the level of capitalization, asset liquidity, profitability, and the efficiency of debt management. Optimizing these factors is essential for ensuring enterprise stability. It is proven that high capitalization rates result from effective enterprise operations, which is crucial for its further development and competitiveness in the relevant market. The research empirically confirms that the continuous professional development of personnel involved in the financial management of transport enterprises is a critical factor for optimizing management processes. This ensures increased decision-making efficiency and facilitates an adequate response to dynamic market changes. Implementing a comprehensive process-oriented approach to resource management, which includes strategic planning and continuous monitoring of financial flows, is necessary for ensuring the financial stability and long-term development of transport enterprises.

Keywords: Process-oriented approach, financial stability, capitalization, transport enterprise, cost optimization, investment attractiveness, competitiveness, resource management, intellectually-oriented development.
Związki pochodzenia naturalnego w przeciwdziałaniu starzenia
Authors: Dudkowska Magdalena
Published: February 2025

Aging is associated with increased bodily dysfunction and risk of age-related diseases. The cause of aging is considered to inflammaging and immunosenescence resulting from the accumulation of senescent cells in the body with age. Eliminating senescent cells or limiting their secretory phenotype has become the goal of many studies. It has been shown that anti-aging reduces the risk of developing age-related diseases and alleviates and slows down their development. Among the anti-aging compounds, we distinguish senolytics, which cause death of senescent cells, and senomorphics, which lead to reduced secretion of various types of active substances from senescent cells. A number of compounds with anti-aging properties have been identified. These include natural compounds such as curcumin, quercetin, fisetin and rapamycin. Both animal and preclinical studies of natural compounds have shown their high effectiveness. Currently, numerous clinical trials are being conducted on the anti-aging effects of various compounds, including many natural ones.
Jak odmłodzić mózg
Authors: Krzystyniak Adam
Published: February 2025

Aging is a process that leads to the development of age-related chronic diseases. The causes of aging, and consequently these diseases, are rooted in fundamental biological mechanisms. Cognitive impairments are one of the most prominent aspects of aging and affect abilities such as memory, attention, and information processing speed. In this review, I will try to introduce the reader to the most interesting developments in research on slowing or reversing the signs of aging in the nervous system. Interventions targeting the biological mechanisms of aging that may alleviate cognitive disorders associated with aging primarily include caloric restriction, physical exercise, pharmacological interventions, blood components exchange and epigenetic reprogramming.
The prospect of developing breakthrough methods to improve age-associated cognitive disorders motivates many pioneering scientific endeavors, the results of which may in the near future significantly enhance the quality of life and productivity of the elderly. As research in this field advances, the desire for healthier and more conscious aging is becoming increasingly evident worldwide.
Biology in Search of the Elixir of Youth
Authors: Sikora Ewa
Published: February 2025

no abstract
Orzesznice (Muscardinus spp.) i popieliczka Glirulus pusillus z późnoplioceńskiego stanowiska Węże 2 (Wyżyna Wieluńska)
Authors: Czernielewski Michał
Published: February 2025

In addition to Glis minor and G. sackdillingensis (the remains of which have been already described), three more species belonging to the Gliridae have been found in the fossil assemblage of the Węże 2 site (2.9–2.6 Ma, Late Pliocene). These include Muscardinus pliocaenicus, M. dacicus and Glirulus pusillus. The presence of M. pliocaenicus at the site has been already preliminary noted, although the material from Węże 2 belonging to this species has not yet been scrupulously described. It seems that the occurrences of M. dacicus and G. pusillus in Węże 2 have not yet been recorded. M. pliocaenicus is considered to be the direct ancestor of the extant hazel dormouse (M. avellanarius). Specimens assigned to M. dacicus may be conspecific with M. avellanarius or represent a sister taxon to the M. pliocaenicus – M. avellanarius evolutionary lineage.
Psychodeliki i kreatywnośćw zwierciadle sztuk wizualnych
Authors: Wrzosek Marta , Wrzosek Małgorzata
Published: February 2025

The work presents an attempt to answer the frequently asked question of whether the use of psychedelics positively affects creativity, shows the methodological questions in creativity testing, and discusses attempts to measure it through characteristic changes in works of visual art created under the influence of means that change perception.
Stare substancje, nowe terapieczyli MDMA w terapii zaburzeń psychicznych
Authors: Bysiek Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

3,4-Methyl​enedioxy​methamphetamine (MDMA) is a psychostimulant, which was synthesized for the first time in 1912 in Germany and later forgotten until the 1970s. Then due to its empathogenic and anti-anxiety qualities it was rediscovered as a psychotherapy adjunct, especially for patients requiring treatment for anxiety disorders and suffering after traumatic events. MDMA's positive effects and lack of negative side effects explains why its use persisted in psychiatric “underground” even after delegalization in 1985, caused by overuse for recreational purposes. Nowadays scientists in many countries conduct basic research, as well as clinical trials to confirm its positive effect as a adjunct therapy especially for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and its relatively small side effects. Until now MDMA has been legalized only in Australia in 2023 for use in psychotherapy of patients suffering from severe PTSD.
Recenzje książek
Authors: Kośmicki Eugeniusz
Published: February 2025

Recenzje książek 

Claudia Lanfranconi, Sabine Frank, Die Damen mit dem grünen Daumen. Berühmte Gärtnerinnen (Damy z zielonymi palcami. Sławne ogrodniczki), ss. 159, 3 Aufl., Berlin 2020, Elisabeth Sandmann im Insel Verlag (insel taschenbuch 4222), ISBN 978-3-458-35922-7, www.insel-verlag.de

Herta Simon, Jürgen Becker, Marion Nickig, Das grosse GU Gartenbuch. Das Standar- dwerk für jeden Gartenliebhaber, (Duża księga ogrodnicza, Wydawnictwa Gräfe und Un- zer. Dzieło wzorcowe dla każdego miłośnika ogrodów), 560 Farbfotos von Jürgen Becker und Marion Nickig, 300 Farbzeichnungen von György Jankovic, ss. 320, 13., Auflage, München 2022, Gräfe und Unzer Verlag GmbH, ISBN 978-3-8338-5392-0, www.gu.de

Burkhard Bohne, Achtung Giftpflanze! 160 Garten- und Wildpflanzen einfach erkennen. Mehr Sicherheit für Kind u. Haustier. (Uwaga roślina trująca! 160 roślin ogrodowych i rosnących dziko łatwo rozpoznawać. Więcej bezpieczeństwa dla dzieci i zwierząt domowych), 164 barwne fotografie, ss. 128, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2022, ISBN 978-3-8186-1624-3, www.ulmer.de
Assessing risk for enhanced cyanobacteria, phytoplankton, and pathogens with changes in water level regime with potential application to Lake Powell and Lake Mead: A mixed methods literature review
Authors: Hoffman Kathryn , Carey Cayelan , Deemer Bridget , Gibney Nicole , Lofton Mary , Carey Cayelan , Deemer Bridget , Gibney Nicole , Hoffman Kathryn , Lofton Mary
Published: February 2025

Water levels in freshwater reservoirs worldwide are changing due to altered climate, management practices, and increasing human demand for water. In the desert southwestern USA, managers are considering significant changes to reservoir operation strategies and water management in response to consumptive use and ongoing drought. To inform reservoir management decision-making, we reviewed current peer-reviewed literature to identify the effects of decreasing or increasing water level on phytoplankton, cyanobacteria, Escherichia coli, and Naegleria spp. We identified 34 studies containing 42 individual waterbodies that investigated the effects of water level increases or decreases on phytoplankton or cyanobacteria. We found that water level decreases resulted in a higher likelihood of increased cyanobacteria, and that phytoplankton were more likely to decrease in response to water level increases. Most of the waterbodies included in the literature review were eutrophic or hypereutrophic, underscoring the need to explore the effects of water level fluctuations on oligotrophic systems. We only identified five studies on E. coli through our review, and no studies on Naegleria spp. We supplemented our review with regional white papers and case studies within the Colorado River Basin and the Rio Grande River Basin to highlight relevant research. Prior and ongoing research highlights the need to explore impacts of water level fluctuations on phytoplankton and cyanobacteria to guide future management decision-making.
Pelecehan Seksual terhadap Anak Melalui Media Sosial dari Prespektif Hukum Pidana dan Perlindungan Anak
Authors: Salsabila Annisa Shafa , Prabandani Hendra Wahanu
Published: February 2025

Perlindungan anak dari pelecehan seksual diera digital menjadi isu krusial di Indonesia, seiring dengan meningkatnya akses anak terhadap media sosial. Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan pelecehan seksual terhadap anak melalui media sosial dari perspektif hukum pidana dan perlindungan anak. Dalam era digital yang ditandai dengan pesatnya perkembangan teknologi informasi, akses terhadap media sosial memberikan kemudahan bagi interaksi sosial. Namun, fenomena ini juga meningkatkan risiko anak–anak menjadi korban pelecehan seksual. Data menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari 70% (tujuh puluh persen) anak di Indonesia memiliki akses ke internet, yang menjadikan mereka rentan terhadap tindakan predator seksual. Dengan kemajuan teknologi, predator seksual memanfaatkan platform digital untuk mengeksploitasi anak-anak. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi berbagai bentuk pelecehan yang terjadi dimedia sosial, termasuk pengiriman konten seksual dan permintaan untuk melakukan tindakan asusila. Selain itu, analisis ini mengevaluasi efektivitas Undang–Undang yang ada, termasuk Kitab Undang–Undang Hukum Pidana dan Undang–Undang Perlindungan Anak, serta tantangan dalam implementasi nya.
Solving a nonlinear matrix equation by Newton's method
Authors: Chuiko S.M. , Chuiko O.V. , O.V. Nesmelova O.V.
Published: February 2025

The study of nonlinear boundary value problems, generally speaking, is not solved with respect to the derivative for ordinary differential equations. This area of research is a traditional focus of the Kyiv school of nonlinear oscillations, initiated in the 1930s by M.M. Krylov and M.M. Bogolyubov. Their work was continued by S. Campbell, V.F. Boyarintsev, V.F. Chistyakov, A.M. Samoilenko, and O.A. Boychuk, who focused on differential-algebraic boundary value problems. The linearization of nonlinear systems of differential equations that are not solved with respect to the derivative leads to linear differential-algebraic equations. Solving these linear differential-algebraic equations can be considered an ill-posed problem, as small perturbations in the equations can lead to significant changes in their solutions. The study of linear differential-algebraic equations, using the central canonical form and perfect pairs and triples of matrices, is the subject of monographs by A.M. Samoilenko, M.O. Perestiuk, V.P. Yakovets, O.A. Boychuk, as well as numerous works by foreign authors such as S. Campbell, J.R. Magnus, and V.F. Chistyakov. In the article by O.A. Boychuk and O.A. Pokutnyi, conditions for the solvability of a nonlinear differential-algebraic system are proposed, utilizing a generalized central canonical form. A key assumption in this work is that the linear part of the differential-algebraic system can be reduced to a canonical form introduced by V.F. Chistyakov. Additionally, studies on linear differential equations with an irreversible operator in the derivative in infinite-dimensional spaces were initiated by S.G. Crane, A.G. Rutkas, L.A. Vlasenko, G.V. Demidenko, M.V. Falaleev, and S.P. Zubova, as well as numerous works by foreign authors A. Favini, A. Yagi, and R.E. Showalter. We have studied the problem of determining constructive conditions for existence and methods for constructing solutions to nonlinear differential-algebraic boundary value problems. In particular, we focus on the problem of finding equilibrium positions for these problems. A distinctive feature of such problems is the inability to apply classical Newton’s method. To find the equilibrium positions, the article uses the generalized Newton-Kantorovich method.
Efficacy of switching from originator adalimumab to biosimilar adalimumab-AACF in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: a 12-month observational study
Authors: Reyes Neira Fanny Alcira , Bayeh Barbara , Bonfiglioli Karina Rossi , Aikawa Nadia Emi , Assad Ana Paula Luppino , Miossi Renata , de Souza Fernando Henrique Carlos , Insfrán Carlos Emilio , Giardini Henrique Ayres Mayrink , Yuki Emily Figueiredo Vieira Neves , Bonfa Eloisa , Saad Carla Gonçalves Schahin , de Medeiros-Ribeiro Ana Cristina , de Moraes Julio Cesar Bertacini , Shimabuco Andrea Yukie
Published: February 2025

Aim: The use of anti-TNF drugs is well-established for treating axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). The introduction of biosimilars offers a more accessible alternative, but data on the switching of adalimumab biosimilars in the axSpA population remain somewhat controversial and are limited to SB5 and ABP 501 and to the European population. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of switching from originator adalimumab to the biosimilar adalimumab-AACF in Latin American axSpA patients over a 12-month period in a real-life analysis. Methods: This observational study included patients with axSpA who had been treated with originator adalimumab for at least three months and switched to the biosimilar. Disease activity parameters and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were assessed at baseline (T0) and compared at 6 (T6) and 12 months (T12) following the switch. Results: Twenty-eight patients were included, with a mean duration of originator adalimumab use of 87.6 months. Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS)-CRP remained stable when comparing T0 to T6 [1.56 (± 0.88) vs. 1.50 (± 0.82), P = 0.73] and T12 [1.56 (± 0.88) vs. 1.26 (± 0.86), P = 0.13]. A similar pattern was observed for ASDAS-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; P > 0.05) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI; P > 0.05). The rate of remission/low disease activity was consistent, recorded at 71.4% at baseline, 78.6% at T6 (P = 0.62) and 78.6% at T12 (P = 0.68). CRP levels did not show significant variation (P > 0.05) across time points. Notably, the one-year drug retention rate was 94.6%. Conclusions: This real-world study highlights for the first time the feasibility and efficacy of transitioning from originator adalimumab to biosimilar AACF in axSpA, providing support for its use in long-term management and offering enhanced accessibility without compromising therapeutic outcomes. These results add valuable Latin American data to the body of evidence on biosimilar integration into clinical practice.
A Model for Predicting the Risk of Developing Drug-Induced Liver Injury During Therapy with Favipiravir
Authors: Shevchuk Yu. V. , Sychev I. V. , Kryukov A. V. , Temirbulatov I. I. , Mirzaev K. B. , Denisenko N. P. , Abdullaev Sh. P. , Tuchkova S. N. , Vechorko V. I. , Averkov O. V. , Sychev D. A.
Published: February 2025

Favipiravir is an antiviral drug that has become widely used for the etiotropic treatment of COVID-19. According to a number of studies, the incidence of adverse reactions during favipiravir therapy reaches 93%, and the most common adverse reaction is an increase in the level of liver enzymes in the blood. The aim was to study the influence of gender-age, clinical-anamnestic and pharmacogenetic factors on the development of drug-induced liver injury during favipiravir therapy in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Material and methods. The study included 150 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 receiving favipiravir therapy. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 — 31 patients who developed an increase in alanine transaminase levels multiple of two upper limits of normal or more against the background of favipiravir therapy; group 2 (control) — 119 patients who did not develop this adverse reaction. A retrospective analysis of case histories was performed in patients of both groups, and a pharmacogenetic study was performed in 14 patients of group 1 and 71 patients of group 2. Based on the data obtained, the association of clinical, laboratory, pharmacological, and pharmacogenetic parameters with the development of drug-induced liver injury during favipiravir therapy was studied. Results. There were significantly more younger individuals in the group of patients who developed drug-induced liver injury than in the control group (60.48±15.93 and 66.38±14.23 years respectively, P=0.047), with a lower level of lymphocytes in the blood (1.103±0.644 and 1.537±1.866 109/l respectively, P=0.022) and a higher level of interleukin-6 (288.019±344.794 and 152.490±274.67 pg/ml respectively, P=0.045), as well as those receiving cephalosporin therapy (OR=4.891, CI=1.610–14.862, 2χ =9.047, P=0.003), beta-blockers (OR=0.416, CI=0.177–0.978, χ²=4.190, P=0.041), diuretics (OR=0.328, CI=0.107–1.006, P=0.043), interleukin inhibitors (OR=4.891, CI=1.610–14.862, χ²=9.047, P=0.003) and those who underwent repeated administration of interleukin inhibitors (OR=6.884, CI=2.609–18.168, χ²=18.048, P=0.000). Conclusions. Younger age, lower lymphocyte counts, and higher interleukin-6 levels in the blood, as well as concomitant therapy with cephalosporins, betablockers, diuretics, and interleukin inhibitors, including repeated administration of interleukin inhibitors, increase the likelihood of developing drug-induced liver injury during favipiravir therapy. Therefore, it is necessary to take these factors into account when prescribing favipiravir therapy, conduct more careful monitoring of clinical and laboratory indicators of liver damage, and develop personalized approaches to the treatment of patients with COVID-19.
Cardiotoxicity of Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Maiborodin I. , Shumeikina A. O. , Maiborodina V. I. , Krasilnikov S. E.
Published: February 2025

An analysis of the literature for 2022 was carried out in order to study the latest data on the cardiotoxicity of antitumor drugs. The abundance of data on the pathogenesis of cardiotoxicity of even a single chemotherapeutic agent indicates the multifactorial effect and the characteristics of the individual sensitivity of each patient to a particular drug. Due to the multifactorial nature of the pathogenesis of cardiotoxicity, the clinical manifestations of this complication are also numerous. It should be taken into account that oncological patients could have suffered from various cardiovascular diseases even before tumor development, and that cancer progression even without therapeutic intervention, or before it, can cause cardiac side effects. To identify such processes, it is necessary to monitor cardio-oncological patients in dynamics. When conducting conservative cancer treatment and in the event of the development of side effects, the complete cancellation of treatment is impossible, as it is necessary to continue the therapy, as well as repeat its courses, often throughout the patient's life. In this regard, methods are needed to reduce the severity of the cardiotoxic effect, as well as suppress the adverse effects of anticancer drugs on the myocardium, and the search and development of effective methods for the prevention and treatment of cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy drugs are still relevant. Timely detection, and hence, prevention, as well as reduction of the degree of damaging effects of the beginning cardiotoxic effect when using cancer chemotherapy agents is possible only with close cooperation between oncologists and cardiologists.
Investment Dynamics of the Samarkand Region: Analysis and Forecast Using a Polynomial Model
Authors:   Assistant professor of the Department of “Green Economy and Sustainable Business” Samarkand branch of Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan, Abbosjon Saydullaev , Beknazar Sultonov ,   Associate professor of the Department of “Green Economy and Sustainable Business” Samarkand branch of Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2025

The economic development of any region relies heavily on investment since it affects growth along with employment and infrastructure development. The research examines the investment trends in Samarkand region and generates predictions through polynomial modeling. We build a polynomial regression model based on historical investment data to detect investment trends and estimate future investment directions. The investigation determines model precision through comparison against different forecasting methods and examination of primary economic elements that influence investment. The results present essential information for policymakers together with investors and economic planners to make well-informed regional investment strategy decisions.
Changing theTerm "Academic Skills" In Pedagogy andWays ofTheir Development
Authors:   Professor of the department "Economic Theory" Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan, Sadullaevna Fayzullaeva Nilufar
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the concept of “academic skills”. The author used methods of comparative analysis and schematization to clearly demonstrate the content of differentinterpretations of the term “academic skills”.