bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The queer habitat of fascia
Authors: Kussmaul Kerstin , Longley Alys
Published: March 2022

Practice-led, somatic research comes to understand fascia not only as structure, but also as a relational mediator ranging from the interior to the exterior. Reflections from this research also reveal fascia as an experienced otherness within us, a matrix modulating inside/outside perception through varying fascial tone. Embedded in the philosophies of feminist scholar Karen Barad and ecologist Timothy Morton, experiential movement of fascia discerns ‘nature’, and thus the body itself, as queer. Fascia connects with-in and with-outer and acknowledges strange strangers living within us. Dissolving the binary of the inside/outside leads to an understanding of the body in its surrounding as ecological, interdependent part of its habitat.
Out!
Authors: Poynor Helen
Published: March 2022

A reminder and an impassioned plea.
Video poem: ‘Rain in the Marrow’
Authors: Wolfman Lorena
Published: March 2022

Fluidity, somatic awareness, expressive arts, practices of embodiment, aesthetic response and wonder all inform the ground from which my poetry arises through deep listening. The connection to the fluid aspects of the inner landscape experienced through the soma is at the heart of my video poem ‘Rain in the Marrow’; it is also a poem celebrating the resilience of my feminine lineage at a personal and collective level. It is this fluid feminine resilience found in water that, in turn, expresses and may inform our relationship with the Earth and the web of life. I have had many teachers who have pointed the way, including Emily Conrad D’Oud, founder of Continuum Movement®; Anna and Daria Halprin, founders of the Tamalpa Institute and Life/Art Process®; Bonnie Bainbridge Cohen, founder of Body–Mind Centering®; Paolo Knill, one of the founders of Expressive Arts Therapy®.
O Impacto da Pandemia da Covid-19 nas despesas com energia elétrica nas Universidades Federais do Brasil: Uma Análise Comparativa entre os anos de 2019 e 2020 / The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on electricity expenditure in Brazil's Federal Universities: A Comparative Analysis between 2019 and 2020
Authors: Reis Erlhinton De Abreu Barbosa , Rabelo Neto Miguel Lino Spinelli , Lima Filho Raimundo Nonato
Published: March 2022

Resumo: Com o advento da pandemia de Covid-19 diversas atividades tiveram que ser readaptadas na tentativa de frear a transmissão do novo coronavírus, para tanto, foi necessário a adoção de medidas de restrição quanto à circulação de pessoas, fazendo com que as atividades das Universidades Federais passassem a ser realizadas predominantemente por meio remoto e consequentemente gerando uma redução nas despesas correntes com energia elétrica. Esta pesquisa tem como principal objetivo comparar as despesas com energia elétrica nas Universidades federais brasileiras, de modo a identificar a variação ocorrida no ano de 2019 pré-pandemia e o ano 2020 em que ocorreram a suspensão das atividades presenciais nestas instituições. O levantamento dos dados referentes às despesas elétricas envolveu coleta nas plataformas FalaBR e Portal da Transparência e solicitação direta às instituições através do envio de um formulário produzido pelos autores. Para análise comparativa entre os anos, foi realizado o teste de postos com sinais de Wilcoxon entre as despesas dos anos de 2019 e 2020. Os resultados demonstraram uma redução significativa nas despesas elétricas no ano de 2020 em comparação com 2019 de modo que foi possível encontrar um tamanho de efeito grande entre essas diferenças (z = -6,242, p 0,001; r = -0,81).---Abstract: With the advent of the Covid-19 pandemic, several activities had to be readapted in an attempt to curb the transmission of the new coronavirus. For that reason, federal public universities started to carry out restriction measures regarding people gathering in their campuses, predominantly by adopting remote work, which resulted in a reduction of the current electricity expenses in their campuses. The main objective of this paper is to compare the expenses with electricity in Brazilian federal universities, in order to evaluate the variation that occurred between the year of 2019, pre-pandemic, and the year of 2020, when a large part of the on-site activities in these institutions were suspended. The collection of data referring to electrical expenses involved collection on the FalaBR and Portal da Transparência platforms and direct request to the institutions by sending a form produced by the authors. For comparative analysis between the years, the rank test with Wilcoxon signs was carried out between the expenses of the years 2019 and 2020. The results showed a significant reduction in electrical expenses in the year 2020 compared to 2019 so that it was possible to find a large effect size between these differences (z = -6.242, p 0.001; r = -0.81).
Granulomatose Eosinofilica com Poliangeite: Um Relato de Caso / Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangeitis: A Case Report
Authors: Cavalcante Gabriela Macêdo Egídio , Cavalcante Giovana Macêdo Egídio , Leite Liz Marjorie Batista de Freitas , Quezada Ingrid Gabriela Herrera
Published: March 2022

Resumo: A Síndrome de Churg Straus é uma doença rara e um tipo menos comum de vasculite, sua incidência e prevalência anual foram de 0,9-2,4 por milhão e 10,7-17,8 por milhão, respectivamente.  As vasculites são responsáveis por importante impacto sobre a qualidade de vida dos acometidos, estando responsável por valores altos de incapacidade para o trabalho. O objetivo do presente estudo é relatar um caso de granulomatose eosinofílica com poliangeite em uma paciente de 25 anos de idade. Conclusões: No caso em questão, foi iniciado pulsoterapia com corticoide por 3 dias consecutivos e posteriormente iniciado prednisona 1mg/kg/dia. Embora seja uma patologia grave e de prognostico reservado, observamos uma evolução favorável com o tratamento instituído. Seu diagnóstico e a intervenção precoce, proporciona melhora na qualidade de vida dos pacientes e no prognostico da doença. A GEPA deve estar presente como diagnostico diferencial das eosinofilias periféricas associadas a neuropatia periférica e asma.Palavras-chave: Vasculite; Qualidade de vida; Granulomatose EosinofilicaAbstract:Churg Straus Syndrome is a rare disease and a less common type of vasculitis, its annual incidence and prevalence were 0.9-2.4 per million and 10.7-17.8 per million, respectively. Vasculitides are responsible for an important impact on the quality of life of those affected, being responsible for high values of incapacity for work. The aim of the present study is to report a case of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis in a 25-year-old female patient. Conclusions: In the case in question, pulse therapy with corticosteroids was started for 3 consecutive days and then prednisone 1mg/kg/day was started. Although it is a serious pathology with a reserved prognosis, we observed a favorable evolution with the treatment instituted. Its diagnosis and early intervention improves the quality of life of patients and the prognosis of the disease. EGPA should be present as a differential diagnosis of peripheral eosinophilia associated with peripheral neuropathy and asthma.Keywords: Vasculitis; Quality of life; Eosinophilic Granulomatosis
A Prisão através dos Sentimentos e Percepções dos Apenados / The Prison through the Feelings and Perceptions of the Defendants
Authors: Bezerra Victor Emanuel Lima , Monteiro Nikellyo Kênio Maia , Barretto Julyanne De Oliveira Paes , Farias Athena De Albuquerque
Published: March 2022

Resumo: A instituição carcerária possui como finalidade um novo processo de aprendizagem que permita um convívio social apropriado. Objetivos: Conhecer as representações sociais da prisão pelos encarcerados, bem como seus sentimentos e percepções relacionadas à mudança de vida. Método: Os dados foram obtidos de entrevistas e o material foi examinado com base na análise de conteúdo, subsidiados pela Teoria das Representações Sociais. Resultados: Os resultados no levam a crer que as Representações sociais da prisão parecem fortalecer suas convicções de que se trata de um lugar sem perspectivas e que provoca sensações desagradáveis. Observou-se que em alguns momentos, eles percebem que podem compartilhar bons momentos. Suas percepções transmitem Representações, tanto positivas quanto negativas. As concepções relativas à mudança de vida, são vistas como: socializadora, onde eles observam a própria mudança de vida e repensa sua atual condição e, em outros casos, como não socializadora, quando percebem o lado desfavorável do encarceramento. Conclusão: A realização deste estudo permitirá uma ampliação da compreensão da prisão, enquanto instituição, permitindo discutir-se até que ponto a mesma é promotora de uma re-socialização eficaz,  resguardando os seus direitos de cidadãos e garantindo-lhes o respeito da sociedade.Palavras-chave: Prisão; Representações sociais; Encarcerados.                                                            Abstract: The purpose of the prison institution is a new learning process that allows an appropriate social interaction. Objectives: To know the social representations of prison by those incarcerated, as well as their feelings and perceptions related to life change. Method: Data were obtained from interviews and the material was examined based on content analysis, supported by the Theory of Social Representations. Results: The results lead us to believe that the social representations of prison seem to strengthen their convictions that it is a place without perspectives and that it causes unpleasant sensations. It was observed that in some moments, they realize that they can share good times. Your perceptions convey Representations, both positive and negative. The conceptions related to life change are seen as: socializing, where they observe their own life change and rethink their current condition and, in other cases, as non-socializing, when they perceive the unfavorable side of incarceration. Conclusion: The realization of this study will allow an expansion of the understanding of the prison, as an institution, allowing to discuss the extent to which it promotes an effective re-socialization, protecting their rights as citizens and guaranteeing them the respect of society.Keywords: Prison; Social representations; Incarcerated.
Argumentações sobre a Loucura no Brasil, antes de 2010: Uma contribuição histórica / Arguments about Madness in Brazil, before 2010: A historic contribution
Authors: Alencar Francisca Silva de , Oliveira Nicácia Souza , Teixeira Paulo Tadeu Ferreira
Published: March 2022

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta um panorama geral dos discursos sobre o tratamento da doença mental, no Brasil, do final do Império até a década 80. A maioria desses discursos foi apresentada pela Liga Brasileira de Higiene Mental (LBHM), que era a entidade organizadora dos tratamentos de doentes mentais no Brasil. Os discursos apresentados neste trabalho são recheados de discriminação racial e social. A proposta apresentada pelos higienistas brasileiros foi a de uma arianização da raça. Sendo assim, qualquer pessoa que não se encaixasse dentro do padrão de normalidade deveria ser descartada de alguma forma. Era o que estava acontecendo na Europa e o que os médicos brasileiros tinham o desejo de implantar no Brasil.Palavras-Chaves: Loucura; Higiene; Doença; Psiquiatria. Abstract: This article presents a general overview of the discourses regarding the treatment of mental illness in Brazil, from the end of the Empire until the 80s. The majority of these discourses were presented by the LBHM (Brazilian Mental Hygiene League), which was the institution responsible for the regulation of the treatments for mental patients in Brazil. The discourses presented herein are full of social and racial prejudice. The proposal presented by the Brazilian healthcare professionals was that of “whitening” the population. Thus, any person who did not fit within the standards considered to be normal would be discarded in some way. This situation was occurring in Europe and the Brazilian doctors wanted to implement the same system in Brazil.Keywords: Mental Illness; Hygiene; Disease,;Psychiatry.
Stability of Nonisothermal Poiseuille Flow in a Fluid Overlying a Highly Porous Domain
Authors: Anjali P. Bera
Published: March 2022

The present article examines the stability of nonisothermal Poiseuille flow in a highly permeable porous domain underlying a fluid domain. A two domain approach with the Newtonian fluid’s flow being governed by Navier-Stokes equations in the fluid domain and Darcy- Brinkman model in the porous domain is adopted. The impact of depth ratio (ratio of fluid domain’s depth to porous domain’s depth), Darcy number, Reynolds number and Prandtl number are analyzed with the aid of linear stability analysis. The neutral stability curves characterize unimodal (either porous or fluid) or bimodal (both porous and fluid) behavior depending on the parametric variation. A decrease in depth ratio and increase in Darcy number, Reynolds number and Prandtl number instigates the instability in porous domain. A qualitative comparison with the existing results on Darcy’s law is also presented.
Labyrinth Seal Air Flow Investigation and Measurement Device Introduction
Authors: Čížek Michal , Pařez Jan
Published: March 2022

For good aircraft gas turbine performance, a proper function of labyrinth seals sealing between rotating shaft and stator is necessary. This article presents comparison of mass flow through a labyrinth seal calculated using analytical solution and CFD. A new design of labyrinth seal measurement device is presented and its function is investigated using CFD.
Investigation of Transonic Flow Through Linear Cascade with Single Blade Incidence Angle Offset
Authors: Fürst Jiří , Musil Josef , Šimurda David
Published: March 2022

The contribution deals with numerical and experimental investigation of the effect of incidence angle offset in a two-dimensional section of a flat linear blade cascade in a high-speed wind tunnel. The aim of the work is to complement ongoing research of quasi-stationary approximation of aerodynamic flutter by examination of setups leading to transonic flow regimes. The numerical simulations were realized by finite-volume, in-house code developed on top of the open-source software package OpenFOAM. The experiments were conducted in correspondence with the setting of numerical simulations. The comparison of experimental and numerical data is presented on the isentropic Mach number distributions at various locations in the blade cascade. The description of transonic flow structures in the vicinity of blades is also provided.
A Parallel Algorithm for Flux-Based Bounded Scalar Re-distribution
Authors: Isoz Martin , Plachá Marie
Published: March 2022

Let us assume a bounded scalar function ? : Q = I × ? ? ?0, 1?, I ? R, ? ? R3, where Q is an open bounded domain and its discrete counterpart ?h defined on a computational mesh Qh = Ih × ?h. The problem of redistribution of ?h over ?h ensuring the scalar boundedness while maintaining the invariance of R ?h ?h dV is surprisingly frequent within the field of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The present contribution is motivated by the case arising from coupling Lagrangian particle tracking and particle deposition within ?h with Eulerian CFD computation. We propose an algorithm for ?h redistribution that is (i) based on fluxes over the computational cells faces, i.e. suitable for finite volume (FV) computations, (ii) localized, meaning that a cell ?h P with ?hP > 1 affects only its closest neighbors with ?h < 1, and (iii) designed for parallel computations leveraging the standard domain decomposition methods.
2. ACHTUNDSECHZIG ANTIKOLONIAL
Authors: Leeb Susanne
Published: March 2022

Susanne Leeb fragt in diesem Beitrag nach dem Blickwechsel, der sich auf die (Kunst-)Geschichtsschreibung von 1968 ergibt, wenn man aus antikolonialer Perspektive auf '68 schaut. In den Blick kommt die Verknüpfung von globaler Imagination und lokaler Produktion. Exemplarisch stehen dafür die Plakate von Emory Douglas, dem Informationsminister der Black Panther Partei, und ihre Distribution bzw. ihr Vorkommen in anderen Szenen militanter Kulturproduktion, etwa bei Chris Marker, Sun Ra, Godard, William Klein u.a. Sie bilden eine Art visuelle Signatur eines Globalen 68 aus antikolonialer Perspektive. Als Ausblick erwähnt der Beitrag einige zeitgenössische künstlerische Arbeiten, die von heute aus ihre eigene Form von Geschichtsschreibung bzw. Geschichtspikotographie betreiben.
Faire Preise für Erzeuger
Authors: Beermann Ann-Cathrin
Published: March 2022

Viele Erzeuger/innen in der Landwirtschaft können von ihren Erlösen nicht leben. Was sind die Gründe dafür? Und welche Instrumente können Landwirt/innen eine realistische Grundlage für wirtschaftliches Handeln ermöglichen?
Faktor Perilaku Yang Berhubungan Dengan Keberadaan Cimex spp Di Desa Purbayasa, Purbalingga Tahun 2021
Authors: Ronawati Dwi Agustin , Hestiningsih Retno , Kusariana Nissa , Saraswati Lintang Dian
Published: March 2022

Background : Cimex can be found in mattress, sofa, and in place where wood exist. Cimex can cause health effects. Continuous Cimex bites can disturb individual comfort, entomophobia, allergies, and anemia. The existance of Cimex can be influenced by behavioral factors. Cimex is still found in Purbayasa Village. The absence of research on the Cimex survey in Purbayasa village makes this research necessary to increase public awareness about the dangers of cimex and their prevention. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between behavior and the presence of CimexMethods : This study was a descriptive analytic study used visual survey method with cross sectional approach and a sample count of 53 randomly selected homes in RW 3. The survey of cimex by visual method. The data was obtained through respondents interviews with questionnaires and observation sheets with observation. Chi sqaure test is used to analyze the relationship between community behaviour and the presence of cimex Results :9,4% of respondents homes were positive bed bugs. The founded all bed bugs species is Cimex hemipterus. This study found that 79,2% of respondents had good knowledge, 75,5% had good attitudes, and 60,4% had good practices. There was no relation to the knowledge (α=0.05, ρ=0.000 ). The practice is also related to the presence of bed bugs (α=0.05, ρ=0.004 )Conclusion : It concluded that attitudes and practices are factors related to the presence of bed bugs.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Ibu Hamil Dengan Kepatuhan Kunjungan Antenatal Care Di Puskesmas Rijali Tahun 2021
Authors: Asmin Elpira , Mangosa Ayu Betzia , Kailola Nathalie , Tahitu Ritha
Published: March 2022

Background: Antenatal Care (ANC) is a health service that is conducted to monitor and support the health of the mother and fetus and detect the presence of disorders during pregnancy and prevent complications. An ANC visits are said to be compliant if pregnant women make ANC visits at least six times. Anc's visit in Ambon City showed a decrease from 2019 to 2020. This study was conducted with the aim of finding out if there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and attitude of pregnant women with compliance with ANC visits at Rijali Health Center in 2021.Method: This type of research is analytical with a cross-sectional approach with a sample number of 140 using consecutive sampling techniques. The analysis used in this study was a univariate and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test.Results: The results of this study obtained the percentage of respondents who obediently conducted an ANC of 74.3% and non-compliant by 25.7%.Conclusion : Based on the results of the chi-square test there is a relationship between knowledge (p = 0.007) and compliance with ANC visits at Rijali Health Center and there is no relationship between attitude (p = 0.745) and compliance with ANC visits at Rijali Health Center. Thus this study demonstrates the importance of knowledge and attitude in carrying out an ANC visit.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Tingkat Kecemasan pada Tenaga Kesehatan saat Pandemi COVID-19 (Studi di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta)
Authors: Wijayanti Rani , Hestiningsih Retno , Yuliawati Sri , Kusariana Nissa
Published: March 2022

Background: When the COVID-19 pandemic occurred, healthcare workers were under pressure, especially those who had direct contact with confirmed cases of COVID-19 due to the high risk of infection. These factors can lead to increased psychological problems in health workers such as anxiety. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the factors that can cause anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this research was conducted at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design. The sample size in this study was 103 respondents. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling.Result: The results of this study indicate that the factors associated with the level of anxiety are age (p-value = 0.037), gender (p-value = 0.003), and years of service (p-value = 0.023). Factor that is not related to the level of anxiety is marital status (p-value = 0.830).Conclusion : It can be concluded that age, gender, years of service are factors related to the level of anxiety in health workers at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.
Development of a performance model for classifying broiler farms
Authors: Franco E. A. P. , De Alencar Nääs I.
Published: March 2022

Broiler meat is the second world's most consumed meat, and the increase in consumption by 2027 is forecasted to be near 35 kg/capita/year. Brazil ranks third in broiler production globally and is the world's largest exporter of chicken meat. To reach proper rearing conditions, broiler farms need to meet good practices of husbandry and welfare. The present study aimed to develop a performance classification model using data mining to evaluate broiler farmers based on detailed flock housing and performance information. The input dataset from 49 broiler farms from a cooperative in Northeastern Brazil was organized with details on the housing characteristics, rearing environment, management, and performance data from flocks. We also added the cooperative technical classification retrieved from the housing conditions and the production index. The input classification had weights attributed to each housing feature. The output variable (target) was defined as the performance classification (PC) index. The dataset was processed using Rapidminer® software using 80% of training and 20% for implementing the random forest algorithm. The prominent variables in classifying the performance were the feed conversion, the daily weight gain, the productivity index, and the cooperative classification criteria. The developed model pointed out a way to auto-classify farms and allow the cooperative to evaluate the farmers' production based on the broiler production and management practices. It was possible to create 'If-Then' rules that enable appropriate decisionmaking by broiler farmers to comply with good practices' norms.
The happiness of small-scale dairy farmers: A case at Malang Regency of East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sutawi S. , Prihartini I. , Khotimah K. , Iswatiningsih D. , Kusumastuti F.
Published: March 2022

This study was conducted to assess the happiness of small-scale dairy cattle farmers based on subjective well-being conditions. The research was conducted in July-October 2020 using a survey method in the Malang Regency of East Java Province. Analysis units were 145 small-scale dairy cattle farmer households purposively selected with less than 30 heads of dairy cattle ownership and have managed their livestock farming for more than five years. Data collection was conducted through interviews about three dimensions of happiness including life satisfaction, affection, and the meaning of life. The three dimensions were divided into 19 indicators to calculate the Happiness Index. The ten Life Satisfaction indicators produced a Life Satisfaction Index of 7.43 (Happy), consisting of a Personal Life Satisfaction Index of 7.26 (Happy) and a Social Life Satisfaction Index of 7.85 (Happy). The three Affection indicators produced the Affection Index of 7.29 (Happy). The six Meaning of Life indicators produced the Meaning of Life Index of 7.44 (Happy). The Happiness Index of small-scale dairy cattle farmers in East Java was 7.43 and classified as "Happy".
Educational process in Mozambique and parental involvement
Authors: Hoguane Isabel , Pinto Anselmo Orlando
Published: March 2022

This article reflects on parental involvement in the school life of children in Mozambique. With this theme, it is intended to understand the level of parental participation in their children's school life. Methodologically, the study is of a qualitative nature, based on the review of the existing literature on the subject. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this study is divided into six points, namely: 1) the pedagogical problem - which speaks of education as a fundamental requirement of the human person; 2) parental involvement - conceptual perspective; 3) forms of parental involvement - which can occur at school and at home directly and indirectly; 4) obstacles to parental involvement - the level of education, social class, time, the relationship between school and family, the economic level, the type of family, are some of the obstacles mentioned; 5) impact of parental involvement on learning - parental involvement influences children's success on three levels: cognitive, emotional and behavioral; and 6) Parental participation in school life in Mozambique - governments from various countries promote an active and democratic participation of society in the management of schools, based on the principle that the school is a heritage of the community. The results of this study indicate that the contribution of parents to their children's learning at home is still insignificant. Therefore, it is suggested that actions be promoted for greater and better involvement of parents in student learning; the implementation, for example, of parental involvement programs in order to provide parents with the necessary knowledge and strategies for this process.
Impact of Farmers’ Use of Information Technology to Improve Agricultural Marketing Extension Services in Wasit Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Shehata Gaber Ahmed Bassyouni , El-Habal Abo Zaid M. , El-Sharbatly Souzan I. , Abdulrazzaq Ali H.
Published: March 2022

The research presented in the study of the impact of farmers’ use of Information Technology (IT) in the field of improving agricultural marketing extension services indicates the small number of researches that dealt with this topic as one of the mechanisms of agricultural extension work, hence the importance of theoretical and applied research.               The agricultural sector in Iraq seeks to reach advanced stages in agriculture in general, which must keep pace with the development of agricultural production methods that have developed greatly over the past years. Therefore, farmers in Iraq, with the diversity of agricultural fields that they practice, are in dire need of correct and integrated marketing information about crops. Which are produced and the marketing methods and tools that suit each crop, and in particular the main strategic important crops that represent the main food for the Iraqi people, such as grains, vegetables and .               In order to modernize agriculture, all kinds of agricultural technological progress must be put into practice, which is in line with the concept of guidance in general in conscious influence in the minds of farmers through the transfer of information and knowledge to help them make a sound decision in the use of modern technology.               The main objective of this research is to identify the impact of farmers' use of information technology (IT) to improve agricultural marketing extension services in Wasit Governorate, Iraq, and its relationship to some social and economic characteristics of farmers in the research area.        Based on the result of the research, the model of estimating the value of the multiple regression coefficients between the studied independent variables and the dependent variable, the impact of farmers' use of information technology (IT) in the field of agricultural marketing includes fifteen independent variables, and the significance of the model as a whole has been clarified based on the ratio (P), which amounted to about (15,530), in addition to that these variables contribute to explaining 72% ​​of the changes occurring in the variable The effect of farmers’ use of information technology (IT) in the field of agricultural marketing services based on the coefficient of determination (R2), and it was clear from this model the significance of the effect of each of the independent variables, namely: the age of the farmers surveyed, agricultural experience, the number of respondents’ family members, and the number of workers The respondents' farm, the type of agricultural land holding, the means of transportation for marketing agricultural crops, and the respondents' knowledge level.
What Are the Most Frequently Used Adjectives in Medical and Biology Articles Related to COVID-19?
Authors: Algharib Munirah
Published: March 2022

The present corpus-based study is devoted precisely to this aspect, investigating, specifically, which are the most used adjectives in a corpus of medical and biology texts dedicated to Covid-19 (CORD-19 corpus), and comparing the data obtained with a corpus of general scientific academic texts available on Sketch Engine (DOAJ corpora - Open Access Journals corpora- English), in order to verify any quantitative and qualitative differences in the frequency and use of qualifying adjectives in the two different text types.
Digital technologies review for manufacturing processes
Authors: Silva Parente Ricardo , Soares Silva Italo Rodrigo , Oliveira Siqueira Junior Paulo , Retto Uhlmann Iracyanne
Published: March 2022

It is apparent the industrial processes transformations caused by industry 4.0 are in advance in some countries like China, Japan, Germany and United States. But, in return, the developing countries, as the emergent Brazil, seem like to have a long way to achieve digital era. Considering manufacturing processes as the starting point the rise of industry 4.0, this research aims to show a review about the most important technologies used in smart manufacturing, including the main challenges to implement it at Brazil. The papers were collected from Web of Science (WoS), comprising 114 articles and 2 books to underpin this study. This exploratory research resulted in the presentation of some challenges faced by Brazilian industry to join the new industrial era, such as poor technological infrastructure, besides lack of investment in technologies and training of qualified people. Even though the primary motivation of this research was to present a panorama of smart manufacturing for Brazil, this study results contributes to the most of emergent countries, bringing together general concepts and addressing practical applications developed by several researchers from the international academic community.
Simplicial and dimension groups with group action and their realization
Authors: Vaš Lia
Published: March 2022

We define simplicial and dimension Γ-groups, the generalizations of simplicial and dimension groups to the case when these groups have an action of an arbitrary group Γ. Assuming that the integral group ring of Γ is Noetherian, we show that every dimension Γ-group is isomorphic to a direct limit of a directed system of simplicial Γ-groups and that the limit can be taken in the category of ordered groups with order-units or generating intervals.
We adapt Hazrat’s definition of the Grothendieck Γ-group

K
0
Γ

⁢

(
R
)

{K_{0}^{\Gamma}(R)}

for a Γ-graded ring R to the case when Γ is not necessarily abelian. If G is a pre-ordered abelian group with an action of Γ which agrees with the pre-ordered structure, we say that G is realized by a Γ-graded ring R if

K
0
Γ

⁢

(
R
)

{K_{0}^{\Gamma}(R)}

and G are isomorphic as pre-ordered Γ-groups with an isomorphism which preserves order-units or generating intervals.
We show that every simplicial Γ-group with an order-unit can be realized by a graded matricial ring over a Γ-graded division ring. If the integral group ring of Γ is Noetherian, we realize a countable dimension Γ-group with an order-unit or a generating interval by a Γ-graded ultramatricial ring over a Γ-graded division ring. We also relate our results to graded rings with involution, which give rise to Grothendieck Γ-groups with actions of both Γ and

ℤ
2

{\mathbb{Z}_{2}}

. We adapt the realization problem for von Neumann regular rings to graded rings and concepts from this work and discuss some other questions.
The Bellman function of the dyadic maximal operator in connection with the dyadic Carleson imbedding theorem
Authors: Nikolidakis Eleftherios
Published: March 2022

We provide an alternative proof and expression of the Bellman function of the dyadic maximal operator in connection with the dyadic Carleson imbedding theorem, which appears in
[A. D. Melas,
The Bellman functions of dyadic-like maximal operators and related inequalities,
Adv. Math. 192 2005, 2, 310–340].
We also evaluate the Bellman function of four variables of the dyadic maximal operator.
Impact of a total mixed ration or pasture/pasture silage-based feeding strategy in the initial stages of lactation of spring-calving dairy cows on milk production, composition and selected milk processability parameters
Authors: McKay Z.C. , Mulligan F.J. , Brady E.L. , O’Sullivan M. , Rajauria G. , Lynch M.B. , O’Callaghan T.F. , Pierce K.M.
Published: March 2022

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of feeding strategy on milk production, composition and selected processability parameters in the initial stages of lactation. Twenty Holstein Friesian cows were allocated to one of two dietary treatments (n = 10; 7 multiparous and 3 primiparous) in a randomised complete block design for 21 d from day 10 to day 31 post-calving. Treatment 1 (pasture-based system [PBS]) was a pasture/pasture silage-based diet where cows were offered ad libitum grazed pasture or pasture silage (when weather did not permit grazing) plus 3 kg DM/d or 5 kg DM/d concentrate supplementation, respectively. On average, cows grazed pasture for 7.5 d and were fed pasture silage indoors for 13.5 d. Treatment 2 (TMR) was a total mixed ration (TMR) diet made up of concentrate, plus maize silage, pasture silage, beet pulp, soya bean meal and straw. Multiparous cows were blocked on calving date and balanced for parity and milk yield. Primiparous cows were balanced for live weight. Milk attributes pertinent to composition and functionality (e.g., fatty acids and rennet coagulation time [RCT]) were examined over a 21-d experimental period from day 10 to day 31 post-calving. Cows offered PBS tended to have a lower test day milk yield (PBS = 24.2 kg/cow vs. TMR = 26.8 kg/cow, P = 0.09) and a greater milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content compared to TMR (PBS = 0.030 g/100 g milk vs. TMR = 0.013 g/100 g milk, P < 0.001). Most notably, PBS-derived milks had a greater (P < 0.001) concentration of cis-9 trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) compared to TMR. In conclusion, milk produced during early lactation from both feeding strategies was suitable for processing. Feeding a TMR compared with ad libitum pasture/pasture silage had no impact on average milk pH, casein concentration or RCT. Cows fed a pasture/pasture silage-based diet produced milk with a desirable RCT for milk processing, while the higher MUN content from cows offered PBS did not impact the processability of milk. Furthermore, milk from cows offered PBS had greater concentrations of cis-9 trans-11 CLA, which may offer human health benefits.
The Ambiguities of Assisted Suicide in Switzerland
Authors: Pillonel Alexandre
Published: March 2022

This article aims to highlight the particularity of assisted suicide in Switzerland. Compared with other contemporary forms of dying around the world, which are mainly medicalized, the implementation of assisted suicide in Switzerland is carried out by volunteer associations. The political culture pertaining to assisted suicide reflects the reluctance of medicine to recognize the practice. But its legitimacy is not only a question of justice and rights. It is based on a process of social recognition, advanced by a citizen’s movement, and debated in the public sphere. Through the history of one particular francophone association for the right to die with dignity, the article examines the Swiss way of regulating this manner of dying.
Sentenced to a Life of Debt
Authors: Stark Andrea Bopp , Walsh Geoff
Published: March 2022

This article examines the provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code that except fines and penalties from the broad discharge of debts that individuals receive upon completion of a bankruptcy case. In its 1986 decision in Kelly v. Robinson the Supreme Court overrode the plain statutory language of the Code and extended the discharge exception to a restitution debt. The Court justified its action as deference to the interest of states in formulating laws designed to punish, deter, and rehabilitate offenders. In the wake of Kelly v. Robinson, debts characterized as fines, penalties, and restitution are typically non-dischargeable in bankruptcy, regardless of their purpose, as long as they were contained in a sentencing order in a criminal case.

Over the past four decades, the need to fund cash-strapped state and local governments generally, and to pay for mass incarceration specifically, propelled a staggering increase in criminal justice debt. Unlike the state laws to which the Kelly v. Robinson court deferred, today’s revenue-generating fines and fees practices actually undermine public safety by distorting law enforcement priorities. They deter rehabilitation, foster a general distrust of the criminal justice system and disproportionately impact communities of color.

In view of these developments, this article proposals changes to the Bankruptcy Code. First, fines and fees that serve a revenue-generating purpose should be subject to discharge. Second, a time limit should apply to all forms of criminal justice debt. These changes would treat fines and fees more consistently with the standards that were in place for chapter 13 bankruptcy cases until the early 1990s and similar to debts for most federal and state taxes.
Reforming Monetary Sanctions
Authors: Sanchez Matheson , Gaston Shytierra
Published: March 2022

Until recently, Massachusetts incarcerated criminal justice system clients solely for nonpayment of court-imposed fines and fees. This practice disproportionately penalized disadvantaged clients, further exacerbating their legal involvement. Massachusetts passed a reform bill in 2018 restricting the types of cases eligible for this punitive sanction. These reform efforts present potential benefits for the equal treatment of clients through the application of financial waivers. However, the bill also contains certain provisions that may prevent these benefits from being fully realized. The current paper discusses the implications of these reforms and suggests future research directions and policy developments that would help ensure fairer treatment for all clients.
Nordic Design
Authors: Hyatt Jordan M. , Andersen Synøve N. , Chanenson Steven L.
Published: March 2022

Legal financial obligations serve a range of practical and ideological functions within the modern American criminal justice system. Criminal fines are punitive in nature and intended to reflect the severity of the offense as well as having a deterrent component. When assessed in conjunction with other financial penalties, including fees and restitution, the collective economic burden of these sanctions can be significant. An increasingly robust body of literature highlights the unequal impact and collateral harms of these punishments, especially those for people who fall into different socioeconomic groupings. There is a danger that the well-deserved opprobrium directed at fees and the cumulative effect of legal financial obligations will mask some benefits of properly targeted and calibrated fines. Here, we explore an opportunity for reform in the United States inspired by two Nordic sentencing policy models for fines. First, we look to Norwegian penal policy to consider expanding the use of fines as the primary sanction for a wider range of criminal offenses, especially in lieu of short terms of incarceration. We temper the impact of this change, especially for indigent defendants, by considering the implementation of a means-adjusted “day fine” system which are prevalent in Denmark, Sweden, and Finland, and other individualized adjustments as in Norway. Taken together, these policies could reduce the American over-reliance on incarceration while modifying punitive fiscal sanctions in a manner that meets the purposes of punishment and seeks to minimize the unintended harms of financial punishment.
Is There a Link Between Criminal Debt and Recidivism in Reentry?
Authors: Link Nathan W.
Published: March 2022

Amid the growing interest in the legal and collateral consequences of criminal justice contact is a focus on monetary sanctions, including a full accounting of their impacts on individuals, families, communities, and system-related goals. Prior studies have highlighted a number of harms related to these sanctions, especially for those experiencing the notably turbulent period after being released from incarceration. One of the key claims heard with increased frequency is that these accrued debts encourage people to reoffend, minimizing individuals’ chances of successful reintegration and challenging fundamental goals of the system. Assuming the claim is true, policy implications could be wide-ranging, from the implementation of services to scaling back or abolishing certain financial sanctions altogether. In this Article, however, I note that there are a limited number of studies that have assessed whether financial sanctions engender reoffending and the findings are mixed. I then report results from an additional test that examines this association among a sample of men from three states and find no significant effects. I conclude that, while there are several strong reasons to support large scale reform of financial sanctioning systems, the literature suggests that the specific question concerning reoffending—whom these sanctions impact in this way and under what conditions—requires further theoretical and empirical development.
Costs and Consequences of Traffic Fines and Fees in Nevada
Authors: Smercina Virginia R. , Kamanga Foster C. , Brents Barbara G.
Published: March 2022

Traffic stops and traffic tickets often have far-reaching consequences for poor and marginalized communities, yet resulting fines and fees increasingly fund local court systems. This study critically explores who bears the brunt of traffic fines and fees in Nevada, historically one of the fastest growing and increasingly diverse states in the nation. Nevada is one of thirteen US states to prosecute minor traffic violations as criminal misdemeanors rather than civil infractions. Drawing on legislative histories, we find that state legislators in Nevada increased fines and fees to raise revenues. Using descriptive statistics, we analyzed 2012–2020 open arrest warrant data extracted from the Las Vegas Municipal Court and found that 83.3% of all open bench warrants were issued for traffic charges. 58.6% were for administrative infractions – vehicle registration and maintenance, no or expired license, plates, or insurance – as opposed to only 24.7% for behavioral violations such as speeding, reckless driving, and DUI. Those issued warrants for failure to pay monetary sanctions are disproportionately people who are Black and from the poorest areas in the region. Ultimately, the Nevada system of fines and fees criminalizes poverty and reinforces racial disparities.
Three Key Findings on Legal Financial Obligations from the Survey of Adults on Probation
Authors: White Marshall L. , Sabol William J.
Published: March 2022

Unprecedented growth in the size of the U.S. jail and prison populations during the late 20th century was accompanied by rapid increases in the size of the probation population. Probation, while intended to be an alternative to incarceration, has been described as a pathway to an incarceration stint because of its onerous conditions and other requirements. An emerging literature is examining how one of these conditions, legal financial obligations (e.g., fines, supervision fees, restitution), affect probation outcomes. However, this research is limited because data on legal financial obligations often do not detail the various types, amounts, and frequencies of payments toward LFO debt. In this paper, we tap the 1995 Survey of Adults on Probation (SAP) to study the impacts of debt burden (e.g., the amount, frequency, and type of LFO) on probationers’ capacity to make the required payments. Importantly, we find that of the seven types of LFOs included in the SAP, restitution alone was consistently shown to be the LFO associated with missing a payment across model specifications. Although the SAP data are from 1995, research indicates the use of LFOs has expanded since then. Thus, we are more likely to underestimate the impacts of the differential burden of specific LFOs on people on probation.
The Cost of Financial Sanctions in Sentencing and Corrections
Authors: Hyatt Jordan M. , Link Nathan W.
Published: March 2022

Financial and monetary obligations, a class of sanctions that includes fines, restitution, and a range of fees, are increasingly recognized as playing a significant role in the operation of the justice system, the lives of the people against whom they are levied, and their communities. While some financial sanctions play a role in the tailoring of a punishment to the particular individual and the offenses they have been convicted of, others lack this grounding in ideology and serve a more pragmatic- and potentially revenue-driven- goal. These observations reflect on the current state of research and policy regarding financial sanctions and seek to identify meaningful gaps in the current knowledge base as a foundation for future inquiry.