bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research and Application of Airlift Pump to Operate Aquaponics
Authors: Trinh Van Dung
Published: June 2023

This paper presents the results of a study on the use of an airlift pump in aquaponics, a model that has been applied and developed for organic food production. Airlift pumps, which are commonly used in the mining industry for pumping liquids such as water and oil, have recently been adopted for use in aquaponics systems. Airlifts offer several advantages over other types of pumps, including a simple and compact design with no moving parts, making them suitable for hanging systems in shallow water. Airlifts also play a dual role in transporting liquids and saturating dissolved oxygen content in water, which is essential for the organisms in the aquaponics system to thrive. To promote these benefits, it is crucial to choose the correct mode of operation for the aeration pump; otherwise, it may decrease efficiency and increase operating costs. In this study, an airlift pump, which combines an aquaponic pump, aerator, and duct system into one compact unit, was used. The experiment was conducted using a riser pipe of different diameters (D = 24, 30, 36, 48 mm), a height (h + H) of 2000 mm, an air pipe with a diameter of 15 mm, compressed air pressure ranging from 0.5 to 4.0 kg/cm2, gas consumption (V) between 0.1 to 1.0 m3/h, and a pump capacity (Q) of 5-39 L/min. The results show that the greatest lifting height can be achieved with a riser pipe diameter of 30-36 mm. At an airflow rate of 0.8-0.9 m3/h and various compression pressures, the dip coefficient of 0.285 produces a maximum pumping capacity of 25-30 L/min.
Application of Gamification model in the internship orientation program: A proposed conceptual model from the private university context of Bangladesh
Authors: BASHER Mohammad Atiqul , AL-DİN Zaheed Husein Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Despite being the 8th most densely populated country in the world, Bangladesh is one of the countries with the most underdeveloped manpower resources in the world. In order to stimulate learning within the masses, the demand for flipped classroom settings and innovative phenomena like gamification can appear as a solution. The aim of this conceptual paper was to explore gamification as a teaching mechanism for the pre-internship training for the graduate school students. Based on literature analysis and from our observation of the internship program, we have proposed two process flow diagrams that attempt to integrate the mechanisms of gamification within the internship program. The proposed models integrate the ideas from goal-setting theory, behavioral reinforcement theory, self-determination theory and social-comparison theory.
Las mujeres trans. Cultura y psiquismo
Authors: Lamas Marta
Published: June 2023

El aumento de visibilidad de las mujeres trans en la escena pública ha vuelto a plantear la clásica pregunta “¿qué es una mujer?”. Se ha desatado también una feroz disputa al interior del movimiento feminista acerca de si las mujeres trans son o no son “mujeres”. En estas páginas me interesa recordar ciertas premisas psicoanalíticas respecto a la construcción identitaria, para desde ahí reflexionar sobre algunas de las cuestiones que exhibe esta disputa entre feministas, que tiene repercusiones en debates y valoraciones en ámbitos que trascienden los círculos feministas. Bajo estas coordenadas, argumento que la identidad trans no es solo el resultado de un proceso psíquico, sino también una expresión de las condiciones sociohistóricas contemporáneas que incluyen una mezcla del neoliberalismo con el neoconservadurismo. En este sentido, las feministas anti-trans movilizan retóricamente el paradigma heteronormativo con creencias que comparten con grupos conservadores que se han convertido en prejuicios cuyos efectos son nefastos.
Marcha del orgullo LGBTQ+ en Santiago de Chile: posiciones en tensión y disputas de género
Authors: Pavez Juan Fernando , Cruz Contreras María Angélica , Badilla Manuela , Eguren Álvarez Paula , Reyes Andreani María José , Lobos Alin
Published: June 2023

Se analizan las prácticas políticas que disputan el género en las marchas del orgullo LGBTQ+ realizadas en noviembre de 2021 y junio de 2022 en Santiago. Inspirados en un enfoque etnográfico, nos centramos en prácticas y discursos que se visibilizan en la manifestación. Los resultados dan cuenta de dos posiciones que se contraponen y se cruzan: por un lado, las organizaciones convocantes que apelan, principalmente, a cambios legislativos a favor del movimiento LGBTQ+, por otra, una posición crítica que visibiliza los crímenes de odio y su falta de justicia, así como un cuestionamiento del binarismo de género. Los sentidos de estas dos posiciones otorgarían nuevos significados a los repertorios de acción del movimiento en la actualidad.
Disidencias sexogénericas mayas yucatecas y sus diversos espacios reivindicativos
Authors: Solís Mecalco Rub(én) de J.
Published: June 2023

Utilizando un enfoque poscolonial y de género, no necesariamente binario, la presente investigación se enfoca en reflejar y analizar los diversos espacios de acción y reivindicación política ocupados por personas de diferentes grupos de edad autoidentificadas dentro de una amplia gama de disidencias sexuales que se cruzan con otra de las zonas invisibles del no ser: la de los mundos indígenas sistemáticamente precarizados, en este caso, los pueblos Mayas del sureste de México. El presente estudio auto-etnográfico se llevó a cabo en dos comunidades mayas rurales y dos centros urbanos con un fuerte pasado colonial en la Península de Yucatán, México, y refleja la creación de formas particulares de existir, luchar, amar y vivir las sexualidades fluidas de lxs mayas contemporánexs.
Pensar la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación para la educación del siglo XXI en la Argentina
Authors: Gabriel Noelia Luciana
Published: June 2023

En el siguiente artículo se presenta parte de los resultados de una investigación que tuvo por objetivo indagar, desde los estudios en Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad y del campo de Educación-Trabajo, las conceptualizaciones sobre ciencia, tecnología e innovación para la Educación Técnica Secundaria surgidos en el proceso de elaboración de la Ley 26.058 de Educación Técnica Profesional sancionada en el año 2005 en la Argentina. A partir del análisis de contenido de las actas de reuniones de los debates parlamentarios y la realización de entrevistas a informantes clave como abordaje metodológico, se presentan las principales tensiones que se suscitaron al momento de definir los lineamientos de la política educativa en un contexto signado por una de las mayores crisis del país, tras la implementación del modelo neoliberal.
Uji Aktivitas Sediaan Masker Gel Peel-Off Ekstrak Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Nailer Maya , Lolok Nikeherpianti , Dewi Citra
Published: June 2023

Masker gel peel-off merupakan sediaan gel yang dapat mengandung antibakteri dari bahan alam yang digunakan untuk mengatasi atau mencegah jerawat. Salah satu manfaat daun sirsak yaitu sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi masker gel peel-off ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dan mengetahui sifat fisik dan stabilitas ssediaan ekstrak gel peel-off, serta mengetahui aktivitas sediaan terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Formulasi sediaan masker gel peel-off ekstrak daun sirsak dengan bahan gel menggunakan tiga konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun sirsak yang terdiri dari 5%, 10%, dan 15%, serta kontrol negatif (blangko), dan Kontrol positif (medi-klin®). Evaluasi fisik formula terdiri dari uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji waktu mengering, uji homogenitas, dan cycling test. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode sumuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dapat diformulasikan sebagai sediaan masker gel peel-off dan sediaan dengan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun sirsak 5%, 10% dan 15%  memenuhi syarat kualitas sediaan gel secara organoleptik, pH, daya sebar, waktu mengering, dan homogenitas serta sediaan gel peel-off dengan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun sirsak 5% dan 10% memenuhi standar stabilitas sediaan gel secara organoleptik sedangkan pada konsentrasi 15% tidak memnuhi syarat stabilitas. Secara keseluruhan sediaan masker gel peel-off ekstrak etanol daun sirsak tidak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acnes.
Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kadar Interleukin 6 (IL-6) Pada Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar
Authors: Fratiwi Nuning , Saranani Selpirahmawati , Agastia Gayuh , Isrul Muhammad
Published: June 2023

Inflamasi adalah respon protektif normal terhadap luka jaringan yang disebabkan oleh trauma fisik yang dapat diobati dengan menggunakan obat antiinflamasi. Namun obat antiinflamasi dapat memberikan efek samping yang cukup serius. Karena banyaknya efek samping dari obat antiinflamasi, maka dikembangkan obat bahan alam dari tanaman sebagai antiinflamasi yaitu tumbuhan kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.). Chromolaena odorata L. memiliki kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder, salah satunya adalah senyawa flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) terhadap besarnya penurunan volume udem pada kaki tikus jantan galur wistar yang diinduksi karagenan menggunakan pletismometer dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) terhadap kadar interleukin 6 (IL-6) pada tikus jantan galur wistar. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik laboratorium. Pengujian ini dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu kontrol normal, kontrol negatif Na-CMC 0,5%, kontrol positif deksametason 0,75 mg, dosis ekstrak 75 mg/kgBB, 100 mg/kgBB dan 125 mg/kgBB. Hewan coba diinduksi dengan karagenan 1%, Satu jam setelah inflamasi, hewan coba diberikan perlakuan menggunakan larutan uji sesuai kelompok masing-masing dan diambil plasma darahnya untuk dilakukan analisis kadar IL-6 pada ELISA Kit Reader.Dengan menggunakan metode ELISA kompetitif. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan One-Way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Post-Hoc LSD. Hasil pengujian terhadap tikus menunjukkan bahwa secara signifikan ekstrak etanol Chromolaena odorata L. memiliki pengaruh terhadap penurunan kadar interleukin 6 (IL-6) pada hewan uji yang mengalami inflamasi dibandingkan kontrol negatif (p<0,05) dan tidak jauh berbeda dengan kontrol positif (p>0,05).
Evaluasi Rasionalitas Penggunaan Obat Antibiotik Di Puskesmas Liya Kecamatan Wangi-Wangi Selatan Kabupaten Wakatobi Sulawesi Tenggara Tahun 2019
Authors: Wulan Indri , Saafi La Ode , Hasanudin Silviana
Published: June 2023

Antibiotik adalah suatu golongan obat yang digunakan untuk terapi pencegahan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri namun tidak efektif untuk melawan virus. Dalam rangka meningkatkan penggunaan obat yang aman dan efektif bagi pasien, farmasis memiliki peran penting terutama dalam mengevaluasi rasionalitas penggunaan obat antibiotik yang diberikan kepada pasien. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui rasionalitas penggunaan obat antibiotik di Puskesmas Liya Kec. Wangi-Wangi Selatan Kab. Wakatobi Sulawesi Tenggara. Jenis penelitian ini jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dan pengambilan data secara retrospektif dari bulan oktober sampai desember 2019 yang berdasarkan melihat data rekam medik pasien. Evaluasi ini dilakukan dengan membandingkan data dengan literatur Dipiro dan Pharmaceutical Care. Hasil penelitian menunjukan evaluasi rasionalitas penggunaan obat antibiotik di Puskesmas Liya Kec. Wangi-Wangi Selatan Kab. Wakatobi Sulawesi Tenggara dengam mengambil 62 pasien pada kategori tepat indikasi 100%, tepat dosis 96,77%, tepat obat 93,55%, tepat pasien 100%.
Formulasi dan Uji Aktivitas Masker Gel Peel-Off Ekstrak Etanol Bunga Asoka (Ixora coccinea L.) sebagai Antioksidan
Authors: Anandha kifli Shofiyyah , Dewi Citra , Pusmarani Jastria
Published: June 2023

Penuaan kulit adalah proses biologis kompleks yang dipengaruhi oleh kombinasi endogen atau intrinsik (genetika, metabolisme seluler, hormon, dan proses metabolik) dan faktor ekstrinsik (faktor cahaya matahari kronis, polusi, radiasi pengion, kimiawi dan toksin). Ekstrak etanol bunga asoka (Ixora coccinea L.) memiliki kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid, fenol, flavonoid, steroid, dan saponin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui karakteristik fisik formula dengan beberapa variasi konsentrasi sediaan masker gel peel-off dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol bunga asoka (Ixora coccinea L.). Pengujian dibuat dalam empat formula gel peel-off dengan variasi konsentrasi zat aktif ekstrak etanol bunga asoka (Ixora coccinea L.)  yang digunakan yaitu formula 0 (blanko), formula I (5%) dan formula II (10%) dan Formula III (15%). Pengolahan data menggunakan microsoft excel dan hasil penelitian antioksidan menggunakan rumus persamaan regresi linear sederhana. Formulasi sediaan gel peel-off ekstrak etanol bunga asoka (Ixora coccinea L.)  telah memenuhi standar karakteristik fisik yang dilihat dari warna, bau, bentuk, homogenitas, viskositas, waktu mengering, nilai pH dan daya sebar. Pada formula 0 (blanko) memiliki aktivitas antioksidan lemah dengan nilai IC50 179,60 µg/mL, kemudian formula I (5%) dan formula II (10%) tidak terdapat aktivitas antioksidan berturut-turut memiliki nilai IC50 489,59 µg/mL, 300,99 µg/mL, aktivitas antioksidan ditunjukan pada formula III (15%) dengan nilai IC50 150,12 µg/mL (kategori sedang).
Kajian Aktivitas Metabolit Andrographolide dan Turunannya Dalam Herba Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Terhadap Mutasi D614G SARS-CoV-2 Protein Spike Secara In Silico
Authors: Vitasari Riski , Isrul Muhammad , Ramadhan Dwi Syah Fitrah
Published: June 2023

Virus korona merupakan penyakit menular berbahaya yang disebabkan oleh virus baru (SARS-CoV-2). Usaha untuk mengeksplorasi bahan-bahan alam aktif sebagai  anti-virus terus dilakukan. Salah satu tanaman lokal Indonesia yang dapat menghambat SARS-CoV-2 protein spike yaitu herba sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) secara in silico,  akan tetapi aktivitasnya terhadap mutan D614G SARS-CoV-2 belum diketahui. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengkaji   aktivitas metabolit andrographolide dan turunannya dalam herba sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) terhadap mutasi D614G SARS-CoV-2 protein spike secara in silico.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode in silico yaitu penambatan molekul. Penambatan  molekul  dilakukan  menggunakan  Autodock  Tools  1.5.6  dan  dianalisis interaksi ikatannya menggunakan BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2017, kemudian  diprediksi ADME menggunakan software Swiss ADME dan sofware PASS online untuk mengetahui toksisitasnya.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh dari 23 senyawa turunan andrographolide    yang memiliki stabilitas ikatan lebih baik dari pada senyawa andrographolide yaitu senyawa 14-Acetyl-3,19-isopropylideneandrographolide yang dapat menghambat reseptor non-mutasi (6VSB)  dengan energi ikatan -5.34 kcal/mol dan  mutan D614G (7KDL) dengan energi ikatan -5.72 kcal/mol dengan hasil   prediksi ADME memenuhi   aturan   lipinski   dan   tidak   menunjukan   adanya   aktivitas    toksisitas hepatotoksik dan nefrotoksik yang bermakna.
Formulasi Sediaan Masker Gel Peel-Off Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Pisang Kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.) Sebagai Antioksidan
Authors: Yudistin Ramba Wiwis , Sahumena Muhammad Handoyo , Nasir Nur Herlina
Published: June 2023

Kulit adalah salah satu organ paling penting dari tubuh kita. Masker gel peel-off yang digunakan diharapkan dapat membersihkan dan mencerahkan kulit. Dari beberapa penelitian diketahui kulit pisang kepok terkandung senyawa flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan, dan tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui formulasi sediaan masker gel peel-offI ekstrak etanol kulit buah pisang kepok sebagai antioksidan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak kulit buah pisang kepok dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi polivinil alkohol (PVA) sebagai gelling agent. Konsentrasi PVA pada setiap formula adalah 8%, 10% dan 12%. Masker gel peel-off dikarakterisasi meliputi uji organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, viskositas, dan waktu mengering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada sampel ekstrak kulit buah pisang kepok mengandung metabolit sekunder yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan fenolik. Ekstrak kulit pisang kapok memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 dengan kategori sangat kuat yaitu 13,12 ppm. Formulasi masker gel peel-off ekstrak kulit pisang kepok memiliki warna coklat, berbau khas dan konsistensi semipadat. Homogenitas pada semua sediaan tidak ada gumpalan dan tidak terdapat partikel kasar. Daya sebar pada semua sediaan memenuhi persyaratan daya sebar yang baik (5-7 cm). Uji viskositas pada semua sediaan memenuhi syarat (50-1000 Dps). Pada uji pH dan waktu mengering sediaan memenuhi syarat nilai pH pada kulit wajah (4,5-6) dan waktu mengering (15-30 menit).
Leveraging Biologically Inspired Design As An Effective Instructional Strategy
Authors: Wilson Wendell , Mi Choi Young
Published: June 2023

This project(s) adressed by this paper have been undertaken by graduate students in the MID program within the School of Industrial Design at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Georgia Tech offers both two and three year graduate programs, the longer program being intended for students without undergraduate training in design. As such, they lack basic design skills or familiarity with the design process. This prerequisite “certificate year” of studies is comprised of two semesters, intended to help students develop the skills and understanding needed for the subsequent two years of study. Most of the initial semester is focused on basic design skill building – specifically form, proportions, spatial relationships, structure, problem definition, user research, basic anthropometry, 2D visualization and model fabrication to name a few. The first opportunity for students to apply these skills to a complete project has traditionally been a lighting-related design project in which biologically-inspired design (BID) is used as a model for developing design solutions. Since 2013, this BID approach has been applied in 8 of the 11 years, collaborating with professors from Georgia Tech’s Center for Biologically Inspired Design who introduce the concept of biologically inspired design, discuss case studies where the BID process has been particularly effective, and to provide input & feedback throughout the design process to help guide the students as subject matter experts (SME) on BID. Students are given a project brief that details how students must identify a lighting-related problem and a biological inspiration that can be leveraged in solving the problem through design, along with specific project requirements. In an effort to facilitate identification of a biological inspiration, the class typically visits the local zoo or aquarium as a group with a focus on the unique characteristics of different organisms that might be utilized or emulated to innovate effective design solutions. This break from the routine has typically been both motivating and fun for the students who become very engaged in this project.While there are numerous approaches to the design process (i.e. Double Diamond, Circular Design Process, Design Thinking, Engineering Design Process etc.) using BID as a model for introducing the design process to new students has proven to be particularly effective. The final deliverables resulting from this effort frequently are outstanding – despite the fast pace of this project. This paper details how Biologically Inspired Design (BID) has been used successfully as a means of introducing the design process to graduate students.
To Mandate or Not To Mandate: Internships in Industrial Design Education
Authors: Barnhart Betsy , Hagins Carly , Tierney Katherine
Published: June 2023

Internships are widely valued with students, educators, and professionals believing they support student success and improve readiness for entry into the profession. Students who participate in an internship related to their profession are more likely to find employment in their field. (Binder, Bagueley, Crook, and Miller, 2014). However, it is unknown how a mandated internship experience in industrial design education impacts student experiences, the rate of participation, and the perceived quality of the internship. Through internships, students are immersed in work culture, processes, and a variety of industrial design settings while also gaining a highly valued line on their resume. While their academic coursework focuses on learning core skill sets and theory, soft skills, professional expectations, and understanding of the realities of the field are often learned through an internship. Some postsecondary institutions have created a mandate for participating in at least one internship prior to graduation, yet little is known about the impact of a required internship in comparison to programs that prioritize internships but do not have a mandatory internship requirement for graduation. This study of two 4-year comprehensive universities in our country aims to assess various considerations around internships, including obstacles to participation, the impact of a mandate on when students participate in their internships, and how students obtained their internships. The study also investigates the legitimacy and quality of internships, and if demographics such as gender or race are a factor in participation. This study employed quantitative methods for data collection and analysis. A survey was administered at two separate 4-year industrial design programs in our country and included current 3rd year, 4th year, and graduated students from the prior year. The sample for the survey included (n=78) students, (n=43) from a program with a mandated internship program, and (n=35) from a program with no internship mandate. This study also included semi-structured interviews of 8 students, 4 from each institution to understand application rates, internship experiences, hiring process, and perception of value for their education and for their preparation for employment. This initial investigation is a model for further investigations involving a broader range of institutions and internship experiences.
Industrial Design Guidelines for Robot Acceptance: The Role of Morphological Elements of Mobile Service Robots in a Restaurant Environment
Authors: Bui Domagoj , Ghim Yong-Gyun
Published: June 2023

With the advancement of technology, robots are increasingly being utilized in the service industry. While researchers have argued that human-like robots are more acceptable in a service context, they can also cause more discomfort than robots with a functional appearance. Although it has been studied that a robot’s appearance affects how people perceive its capabilities, there is a lack of detailed explanations on which design elements influence human perception and acceptance of robots, and how. This study hypothesizes that robots with a functional appearance can be more accepted by introducing certain lifelike features from anthropomorphic robots. This study aims to identify the design elements and their relationships to perceived attributes of mobile service robots in service environments. After examining the relationship between robot morphology and human perception, three robot attributes are defined: perceived characteristics, capabilities, and warmth. Three design elements of form, color, and interface are then extracted from prior studies that form the perceived attributes. A case study of two robots was conducted, one with a lifelike appearance and the other with a functional one. Finally, design guidelines are proposed based on these design elements to assist industrial designers in creating more acceptable designs for mobile service robots.
Designing Mobile Service Robots: Roles of the Visual Interface and Manipulators for Human Perception
Authors: Ghim Yong-Gyun
Published: June 2023

The increasing use of mobile service robots in public spaces has led to more frequent encounters and interactions between humans and robots. However, our understanding of how people would perceive and react to these autonomously moving robots in real-world situations is still limited. Previous research suggests an optimal degree of human-likeness for anthropomorphic robots, but it remains unclear what level of anthropomorphism makes a robot most acceptable in a specific use context and how designers can achieve it. This study investigates the effect of a mobile service robot’s visual interface and manipulators on its morphology, human-likeness, and human perception. A conceptual framework is developed from literature to define the design elements that comprise robot morphology and their effects on human-likeness and human perception. The framework is then tested through an online survey using four design variations of a mobile service robot. The study finds that a robot’s visual interface and manipulators increase its human-likeness and enhance understanding of its intended function. However, no clear correlation is found between human-likeness and perceived capabilities in this study’s use context.
Color combination of information display interface based on Kansei Engineering and paired comparison experiment
Authors: Sheng Lin , Gu Zhenyu , Zhang An
Published: June 2023

Through the color extraction and perceptual semantic extraction of text disply, this paper puts forward the design elements and guidelines of text information display in public environment. Taking the design of information display in railway station as an example, the relationship model between perceptual semantics and color was established. In this study, the preference selection experiment proposed by Thurstone in psychology was combined with LCJ method and SD method of Kansei Engineering, and the Kansei Engineering evaluation of samples in multiple perceptual dimensions was carried out. The perceptual dimensions were reduced by factor analysis, and the evaluation system architecture of information display was obtained. Then, the paired comparison method was used to evaluate samples in two perceptual dimensions of clarity and pleasure, and the color design elements of public area information display was extracted and summarized. The correlation between perceptual image cognition and sample characteristics was established by regression analysis. Finally, we found that the blue background condition has better performance on the whole, while the text color has great differences in different perceptual cognition, which provides reference for the design of information display interface under different perceptual requirements.
Application of Systemic Structural Activity Theory to Web Design
Authors: Bedny Inna
Published: June 2023

In this paper we are demonstrating application of the Systemic Structural Activity Theory (SSAT) to the design of the WEB pages. These days every company has a WEB presence. The Websites come in all shapes and sizes.In order to demonstrate how SSAT theory and methods can be utilized in the design of WEB pages we choose two websites of similar businesses in order to compare them and show how application of SSAT makes it easy to identify which version is a better choice for its users. The advantage of the SSAT methods is that they are formalized and allow to perform the step-by-step task analysis at the design stage. One of such methods is the probabilistic event tree. It allows to analyze the task and determine if the task flow leads to the successful outcome or failure. And in the latter scenario the user has to start over.The other SSAT method is to create the human algorithm of the task. Such algorithm provides the performance time and the task flow and demonstrates the probabilities of various versions of the task. This information is then utilized to determine complexity of the task performance. The higher the complexity of the task is the higher is the probability of the human errors. The preferable design of any website is the one that is the least complex for the users and allows the easy access to the most commonly used relative sources of information. The main objective of this paper is presenting the analytical methods of SSAT and their application to WEB design. The existing methods outside of SSAT consist mostly of observation and experiments. However, observation and experiments are not always available and efficient, especially for new design. Such methods are not sufficient for prediction of the efficiency of the end product. The concept of design is substituted in ergonomics by experimentation which reduces the external validity of the task analysis. Website users are dealing with tasks that include numerous decisions and are exceedingly variable. So, cognitive components of activity are extremely important. Streamlining of web design and improving the user experience is vital considering that such users come in all ages and have various levels of web user experience. This paper will show the way to minimize abandoned actions and improve the user experience when they are in a process of looking up information on the company website or are trying to place an order. We will show how the well-designed application saves customers time and benefit the company by saving the resources and attract the customer that are looking for the fast and easy access to what they are looking for.
Cognitive Engineering in Training: Monitoring and Pilot-Automation Coordination in Complex Environments
Authors: Billman Dorrit , Baron Jr Barth , Mumaw Randall
Published: June 2023

This paper reports on a Cognitive Engineering approach to identify untaught skills and knowledge and to support design of learning tools. We investigate flightpath (FP) monitoring and the interaction of pilot and automation implicated in monitoring. We interviewed experienced pilots to understand the knowledge and skills underlying effective monitoring, and we developed an example learning environment to improve these skills. We explore how design of pilot training and learning, like the design of interfaces and of the underlying automation, benefits from cognitive engineering methods and perspective. In aviation, monitoring and managing FP are critical activities, affected by automation, control actions by the pilot, and by external factors, including weather and Air Traffic Control (ATC). Effective piloting depends on strategies for noticing, understanding, and anticipating these influences to monitor and manage FP. Although flightdeck automation is intended to aid pilot understanding and prediction, the Fight Management Systems (FMS) can also mislead the pilot, particularly when depending on old or incomplete information. Understanding such vulnerabilities is an important part of pilot-automation coordination. We identified skills and knowledge learned from experience but not from training; for less experienced pilots these are likely knowledge gaps and potential targets for learning. Using learner-centered principles, we developed a learning environment designed to help pilots build skills and knowledge for proactive FP monitoring. We consider how a broad cognitive engineering approach might inform both the "what" and "how" of learning in dynamic work domains.
Multimodal characterization of mental fatigue on professional drivers
Authors: Giorgi Andrea , Ronca Vincenzo , Vozzi Alessia , Aricò Pietro , Borghini Gianluca , Tamborra Luca , Simonetti Ilaria , Sportiello Simone , Petrelli Marco , Varga Rodrigo , Van Gasteren Marteyn , Babiloni Fabio , Di Flumeri Gianluca
Published: June 2023

A non-adequate psychophysical condition represents a major factor in causing car accidents. In particular, 20% of car crashes are caused by mental fatigue and drowsiness, with dramatic consequences and fatalities. Nowadays strategies to reduce the risks while driving. The on-board systems equipping current vehicles are not able to intervene before the sudden onset of drowsy episodes and are affected by a poor accuracy resulting in several events’ misclassifications (i.e., false positive) causing drivers’ mistrust of technology.Being able to recognise in advance the occurrences of fatigue and drowsiness episodes would dramatically increase road safety and reduce car crashes. This is extremely relevant especially for professional drivers who drive for prolonged periods leading to an increase of risks due to not-proper psychophysical conditions. Even if professional drivers are trained to prevent, recognise, and minimize the effect of fatiguing, it must be considered that often the driver becomes conscious of drowsiness and mental fatigue onset too late, that is when it is already driving in a not-safe condition. The aim of this study was to adopt a multimodal approach to characterize the initial phases of fatigued mental state while driving, to develop an effective and timely detecting methodology. Ten volunteer professional drivers have been recruited to take part in an experimental protocol, performed in a car simulator. The experiment took place in the afternoon to increase the chance of eliciting mental fatigue and it consisted in driving for 45 minutes in a monotonous city-like environment. Before performing the monotonous driving task, participants were asked to drive for 15 minutes in a high-difficulty track race to induce fatigue, increasing the probability of a not-adequate psychophysical condition during the following monotonous driving task. Aiming at developing a neurophysiological model for mental fatigue characterization, a multimodal neurophysiological assessment was performed collecting the Electroencephalographic (EEG) and Electroculographic (EOG) signals. In parallel, behavioural assessment was performed through a secondary reaction task to detect eventual variation of performance from individual normal levels because of an altered psychophysical condition. Subjective measures were collected as well for the self-assessment of both fatigue and drowsiness state and task perception (high vs low demand). Behavioural and subjective measures have been so employed to (i) validate the experimental design; and to (ii) support and validate the employment of neurophysiological measures for characterizing the mental fatigue.
Mental Workload Classification during simulated flight operations based on cardiac and neural dynamics recorded using the MUSE 2 low-cost system
Authors: Dehais Frederic , Ladouce Simon , Torre Tresols Juan , Darmet Ludovic , Callan Daniel
Published: June 2023

The advancement of low-cost and highly portable physiological systems presents promising opportunities for monitoring human cognitive processes during daily-life activities and more complex tasks such as operating an aircraft. The Muse 2 system combines electroencephalography (EEG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors allowing the extraction of neural dynamics features in the time and frequency domains and heart rate. In a study, we equipped five pilots with the Muse 2 system while they performed a low-load and high-load traffic pattern task along with a passive auditory oddball task. The group-level analyses revealed that participants exhibited higher average heart rate, lower power spectrum density in the alpha band, decreased P300 amplitude in the high-load compared to the low-load condition. These results are in line with previous laboratory research conducted in highly controlled settings and research-grade instrumentations. The classification of the two levels of mental workload reached 93.2% accuracy on a single-trial basis based on EEG frequency features. Post-hoc analysis revealed that the classifier mainly relied on motion artefact features in the beta and gamma bands. The classifiers using heart rate and ERPs features reached 76% and 77.8% classification accuracy, respectively. Despite its interest, this system presents some limitations for mobile and neuroergonomics applications notably with regards to the limited number of electrodes preventing the use of advanced signal processing techniques to address noise and artifacts in the signals.
Right visual field is advantageous in detecting different color: an implication for appropriate arrangement of digital graphics on a display
Authors: Kawashima Seiko , Takao Motoharu , Komiya Senri , Hattori Mana
Published: June 2023

Many studies have so far revealed that the visual field biases influence visual tasks. These biases should be taken into consideration to arrange an Excel worksheet, draw a CAD (computer-aided design) blueprint and other digital graphics effectively. In this study, we investigated visual field biases in identifying different and same color lines shown on a computer display. Twelve male and two female college students (21-22yrs.; mean age 21.2yrs.) were recruited to participate in the experiment. All were physically and mentally healthy and had visual acuity (including corrected visual acuity) that does not interfere with the task performance and vision that allows color perception. All participants were right-handed. Visual stimuli were displayed on a 17-inch CRT monitor. White circle on a quadrant (1000 ms) was followed by Test1 image (1500 ms), checker pattern image as a distractor (4100 ms) and Test 2 image (4000 ms). White circle showed the quadrant to which a participant must pay attention in order to discriminate different and same colored lines shown in Test 1 image and Test 2 image. Immediately after a participant press a correct response key, a correct answer was fed-back to a participant. The participants were instructed to detect different and same colored lines in the visual field and press a correct response key as quickly as possible. The results demonstrated that the participants could detect different colored lines faster than match of color in both upper- and lower-right visual fields have advantages (F (1,13) =28.814, p<0.000; F (1,13) =8.120, p<0.014, respectively). However, there was no change in identifying different and same colored line in both upper- and lower-left visual fields (F (1,13) =13.000, ns.; F (1,13) =13.000, ns., respectively). Rates of correct responses to different and same colored lines were almost same in these visual fields (upper-right, lower-right, upper- left, lower-left visual fields) (F (1,13) = 0.027, ns.; F (3,39) =0.073, ns, F (1,13) = 0.071, ns; F (1,13) =1.779, ns, respectively). These results showed the advantage in identifying difference in colored lines in right visual field compared with left. This finding implies that right side is appropriate to arrange a manuscript for proofreading, a calculating worksheet, a CAD blueprint and other digital graphics for modification.
Use of eye-tracking system to evaluate selective attention in Children with motor difficulties.
Authors: Idrovo Daniela , Cobos Martha , Alvarado Nataly , Margarita Ortega Chasi Patricia , Mora Esteban , Burbano Jaime , D Salgado Francisco
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to use the Eye Tracking System to assess selective attention. Researchers applied the Margarita's Test in a pilot study with a non-probabilistic convenience sample (N=30). Participants were schoolchildren aged 8 (15 males and 15 females). The measurement instruments used were the Margarita's and the Tobii Glasses 2 eye-tracking system. The results showed that 37.11% of correct responses were obtained if the first fixation coincided with the motor response. When analyzing the last fixation, the coincidence of fixations and motor response reached 81.3%, of which 77.2 % were correct. These results suggest that the use of the eye-tracking technology, jointly with the Margarita's test, has the potential to evaluate selective attention in children with motor difficulties.
Stability assessment of electromagnetic pulse neck massagers
Authors: Sun Yiteng , Li Zhelin , Jiang Lijun
Published: June 2023

Electromagnetic pulse massage mimics the current signal of human nerve fibers by conducting a weak current to the deeper layers of the skin, which makes the muscle fibers contract and imitates massage techniques such as pounding and kneading, thus achieving a relaxing effect on the cervical spine. Wearing stability of such products largely affects the effectiveness and comfort of massage. This paper aims to investigate the wearing stability and influencing factors of electromagnetic pulse neck massagers. Three representative neck massagers were used for testing, and subjective ratings of fit were collected from 58 participants (29 males, 29females), along with measurements of wearing slipping distance and neck dimensions. The results showed that females wore the neck massager significantly more loosely than males and had a longer slipping distance of 10.256mm. Moreover, the correlation analysis indicated that the wearing fit was strongly correlated with Middle Neck Width (MNW), moderately correlated with Middle Neck Girth (MNG), weakly correlated with Root Neck Girth (RNG) and Front Neck Length (FNL), which was a guideline for the design of size and grading for neck massages.
Estimation of relative standard deviation related to limit of detection and limit of quantitation
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhao Jing , Zhang Xuan
Published: June 2023

Limit of detection (LOD) is usually determined by calculation of the standard deviation of measurements of blank samples. In several technical reports, LOD is defined as the concentration at the relative standard deviation (RSD) 30% (or other values) for repeated measurements. Similarly, limit of quantitation (LOQ) is also defined at the RSD level 10%. When a laboratory starts to use a method, the method verification should be carried out in advance to guarantee this method can be implemented correctly and the method characteristics (eg. LOD and LOQ) can be satisfied in this lab. But in routine test, this verification is not conducted every time and the measurement result might be effected by several factors. Then the verification results can vary under different test conditions. In this article the critical value of relative standard deviation is presented, when the RSD from routine test of blank samples of n times larger than the critical value it can be concluded that this measurement system cannot meet the requirement of LOD/LOQ that defined by the methods related with RSD. This method shows a quick check whether the routine measurement can satisfy the defined LOD/LOQ.
Comparison of consumer’s risk quality for different sampling plan corresponding to adjacent sample size
Authors: Zhao Jing , Zhang Xuan , Zhang Fan , Wu Gang
Published: June 2023

In some practical cases, people want to know the risk difference of the sampling plan corresponding to adjacent sample sizes. This paper mainly discusses the difference of consumer’s risk quality for different sampling plan for both the sampling procedures for inspection by attributes and by variables with adjacent sample sizes. What’s more, we gave the analysis of consumer’s risk quality in different lot size and sample size. The results show that in the sampling procedures for inspection by attributes the exact lot size within the same lot range has little effect to the consumer’s risk quality. The key factor affecting the acceptance probability is the acceptance number. In the sam-pling procedures for inspection by variables, as the sample size increases, the consum-er’s risk quality decreases.
Extensive data collection in an in-hospital disaster response exercise for evaluating disaster resilience
Authors: Ideguchi Taku , Kanno Taro , Umemoto Mizuki , Kajiyama Kazumi , Ikari Ryoko , Yamazaki Misumi , Sharikura Sachika
Published: June 2023

Hospitals need to prepare for disasters. For this purpose, they need to formulate a BCP and a response plan and conduct training and exercise. Through training and exercise, they are expected to learn necessary actions and procedures, as well as to find problems in the BCP and response plan. It is, however, not easy to comprehend and evaluate the entire training and exercise process, particularly as the scale of the training and exercise becomes larger. Besides, it also becomes more difficult to find important problems and their causes in training and exercise. To solve this problem, it is necessary to record the events and activities during training and exercise as much detail as possible and analyze them from various viewpoints. This paper describes the comprehensive data recordings in a disaster response exercise in a big hospital in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. This hospital is one of the largest hospitals in the region and is designated as a disaster-base hospital which is expected to play a central role in disaster medicine in the area. The target exercise is an annual exercise for a mass casualty incident assuming a big earthquake, in which 46 injured patients are transported to the hospital. We collected data on the following three aspects of the exercise: judgment and decision-making, such as triage and diagnosis and treatment, the in-hospital flow of patients and medical instruments, and the flow of information in and among different areas and rooms. Regarding the data on judgment and decision-making, we collected the documents used in actual disaster medicine, such as triage tags and medical charts. For the other data, we used action cameras attached to hospital staff, station cameras to observe the activities in specific areas, IC recorders attached to patients and several important hospital staff, PHS-IC recorders attached to area leaders to record inter-area communication, Zoom recordings for online communications, and several observers to record inter-area transfer of patients.This paper also describes preliminary analyses of the data recorded in the exercise, including the accuracy of 1st and 2nd triage, the details of patient flow, and the length of stay in each area.Finally, this paper describes the data analysis planned in the next step, such as network analysis of inter-area communication, task analysis of the activities in each area, and so on. In addition, we will discuss the possibility of utilizing the study to reproduce the exercise using the agent-based simulation we developed for a deeper understanding of the entire process of the in-hospital disaster medicine process.