bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Co-Creating Spirits Tasting Tourist Experience: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: B. Carmer Adam , Stankov Uglješa , D. Vujičić Miroslav , Bajić Marko , Ciric Lalic Danijela
Published: December 2024

Spirits tasting is typically seen as an on-site sensory experience predicated on the tasting of whisky, wine, beer, or other spirits by professionals, aficionados, and general consumers. However, given its increasing significance in shaping tourist experiences, which relies on mutual engagement between providers and consumers, the domain of spirit tasting necessitates a novel conceptualization to adequately capture this evolving role. In this paper, the conventional notion of spirits tasting is conceptualized from a co-creation design paradigm using a narrative literature review of academic papers and online articles to provide an analysis of the current landscape. Apart from the on-site tasting experience, this paper elaborates on the pre-tasting and post-tasting experience phases from a tourist experience design perspective. To place spirits tasting design in a broader tourism sector, both drivers and potential outcomes of this seminal approach are outlined, together with further research questions.
On the economic essence of digital financial assets and the prospects for their use in the financial market and in international settlements
Authors: NAVOI Anton V.
Published: December 2024

Subject. This article examines the economic essence of the digitalization of financial assets, as well as the impact of the spread of digital financial assets in the financial market and in international settlements.
Objectives. The article aims to study the features of the provision of digital financial assets, the taxonomy of issuance and market turnover, and draw conclusions about the consequences of their involvement in the functioning of the financial market and determine the ways to overcome obstacles to their involvement in international settlements.
Methods. For the study, I used the general scientific methods.
Results. The article proposes a systems approach based on the study of the classification of digital financial assets, the features of their collateral, the taxonomy of issuance and market turnover.
Conclusions. Based on the formed characteristics of digital financial assets in comparison with basic financial assets, the article concludes about their predominantly fictitious political and economic nature, which distances them from reproduction processes and is derivative in relation to basic financial assets. Despite the existing risks of digitalization of financial assets, difficulties in legal recognition on global platforms, their involvement in operations in the financial market and in servicing foreign trade turnover increases the degree of stability of the national financial system, the reliability of international settlements, accelerates the turnover of financial capital and reduces the costs of market participants.
Government tax incentive instruments: Problems and prospects of tax administration
Authors: DUBKOV Denis A.
Published: December 2024

Subject. This article discusses topical issues of tax administration of government tax support instruments.
Objectives. The article aims to reveal the main difficulties and trends in tax administration of government tax support instruments.
Methods. For the study, I used analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, analogy, abstraction, as well as description, comparison, and observation.
Results. Based on the analysis of judicial practice, the article identifies the areas of control of tax support instruments. It notes that automation due to the technical capabilities of the Federal Tax Service of Russia, the use of agile methodology and the transition from aggregated to partial valuation are promising areas for improving the assessment of the effectiveness of support tools. The formation of a unified register of conditions for the application of tax benefits is proposed as a tool for lawmaking by the authorities. The article also presents risk markers that can be used in the formation of a methodology for determining actual tax liabilities.
Conclusions and Relevance. The present-day tax legislation needs to clarify the definition of Tax Benefits, in connection with which it is recommended to use the concepts of Basic and Normative tax structure. In the future, the assessment of the effectiveness of tax instruments based on the automated analytical system Effectiveness of Incentives requires the formation of a methodology and a system of indicators. The results of the study can be used by the Ministry of Finance of Russia to improve the processes of tax administration.
BİRİNCİ BASAMAKTA TAKİP EDİLEN GEBELERİN GEBELİK DÖNEMİNDEKİ EGZERSİZLER HAKKINDA BİLGİLERİ VE DAVRANIŞLARI
Authors: İnal Hanife , Emre Nilüfer , Özşahin Aysun , Edirne Tamer
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada gebelerin gebelik döneminde fiziksel egzersiz yapma konusundaki bilgileri ve davranışları değerlendirilmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma kesitsel tipte olup, Ocak-Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında Denizli il merkezindeki aile sağlığı merkezinde yapılmıştır ve çalışmaya 128 gebe katılmıştır. Veriler anket formu ile toplanmıştır. Anket formu sosyodemografik özellikler, gebenin obstetrik özelliklerini, gebelik egzersizleri konusundaki bilgilerini ve davranışlarını içeren 40 sorudan oluşmaktadır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 128 gebenin %44.5’inin gebelik döneminde egzersiz yaptığı ve %84.2’sinin yürüme egzersizi yaptığı bulunmuştur. Gebelerin %50.8’i egzersizleri hakkında bilgilendirilmiş ve %55.4’ü bilgiyi doktordan, ebe/hemşireden aldığı bulunmuştur. Eğitim düzeyi yüksek ve gebelik öncesinde de egzersiz yapanların gebelik döneminde egzersiz yapma oranı yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0.002; p=0.001). Egzersiz yapmamanın nedenleri ise yorgunluk (%81.7), zaman yetersizliği (%47.9), yeterli bilgiye sahip olmama (%36.6) ve zararlı olduğunu düşünme (%18.3) olduğu saptanmıştır. Gebelerin %94.5’i gebelikte egzersizin düzenli ve sistemli yapılması gerektiğini, %89.8’i aşırı kilo alımını önlediğini bilirken, egzersizin kontrendikasyonlarından vajinal kanama olmasını (%62.5) ve erken doğum riski olmasını (%71.9) bildiği saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmadaki gebelerin düşük düzeyde egzersiz yaptığı ve egzersiz yapanların çoğunluğunun gebelik öncesi dönemde de egzersiz yapanlar ve üniversite mezunları olduğu saptanmıştır. Yürüme egzersizinin en bilinen ve yapılan egzersiz türü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Egzersiz yapmayan gebelerin ise yorgunluktan, yeterli zaman ve bilgiye sahip olmadıklarından yapmadığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca gebelerin egzersizin faydaları hakkında bilgiye sahip olduğu ama kontrendikasyonlarından çoğunlukla vajinal kanama olması ve erken doğum riski olmasını bildiği saptanmıştır.
DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF CHROMOSOMAL MICROARRAY ANALYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL ANOMALIES AND DYSMORPHIC FEATURES; DETAILS OF TWO NEW PATIENTS WITH 2q33 DELETIONS
Authors: Özyavuz Çubuk Pelin , Keskin Ece , Mardan Hacızade Lamiya , Akın Duman Tuğba , Öztürk Fatma Nihal , Karaçorlu Ömer Faruk , Taslidere Hasan , Duz Mehmet Bugrahan
Published: December 2024

Objective: Detection of copy number variations (CNVs) through molecular karyotyping is a useful method to assess the genetic anomalies with dysmorphic features and multiple congenital anomalies. This study demonstrated the diagnostic rate of chromosomal microarray analysis in patients with specific phenotype, and also contributed the literature with presenting new patients with very rare CNVs.
Material and Methods: Chromosomal microarray analysis was performed in 419 patients with dysmorphic features and multiple congenital anomalies.
Results: A total of 61 CNVs were detected in 50 patients (12%). Two of these patients exhibited a 2q33.1 deletion. While patient 13 presented with speech delay, seizures, behavioral abnormalities, and a 469 kbp deletion disrupting SATB2, patient 14 displayed immune deficiency, failure to thrive, hypothyroidism, diarrhea, cryptorchidism, and ectodermal features such as alopecia, nail dysplasia, and oligodontia. This patient had a 7.5 Mb deletion on 2q33.1q34, which included CTLA4 and was responsible for the immune deficiency symptoms of the patient. The CASP10, was not included in the deletion region.
Conclusions: According to our study, co-deletion of CTLA4 and CASP10 did not lead to phenotypic effects like immune deficiency. Rather, only the deletion of the CTLA4 gene may result in hypogammaglobulinemia and immune deficiency. These findings suggest that chromosomal microarray analysis can be a valuable tool in diagnosing rare CNVs and guiding clinical management, particularly in patients with immune deficiency and other congenital anomalies. Identifying specific gene deletions, such as CTLA4, may inform personalized treatment approaches, including immune-modulating therapies, and provide insights for genetic counseling in affected families.
THE EFFECT OF PREOPERATIVE FLUID REGIMEN ON CARDIAC PERFORMANCE IN BARIATRIC SURGERY
Authors: Zora Muhammed Emin , Öc Bahar , Ece İlhan , Yılmaz Hüseyin , Arun Oğuzhan , Duman Ates
Published: December 2024

Objective: We must strive to minimize the intraoperative and postoperative risks for patients who will undergo surgery. In the treatment of obesity, which is becoming an increasingly pressing issue, bariatric surgery has become a recommended option for suitable patients. This study aimed to minimize potential complications in obese patients by considering the frequency of cardiac problems and using preoperative fluid therapy.
Material and Methods: The study included 31 obese patients with a Body Mass Index of 30 or above, aged 18-50, who were in the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classifications 1-2 group and were scheduled to undergo laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The first group did not receive fluid therapy during the preoperative period. In the second group, intravenous crystalloid fluid was administered at a rate of 10 ml/kg/hour over 3 hours in the preoperative period, based on their ideal weight. Cardiac output, stroke volume variation, and stroke volume index measurements were taken at specific times intraoperatively in patients from both groups. These parameters were compared between the groups.
Results: Among the cardiac parameters measured with the FloTrac™ sensor, only the stroke volume variation values measured after extubation showed a difference between the groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for the other values.
Conclusion: The cardiac output, stroke volume variation, and stroke volume index values measured at various times during the surgery are similar between patients who received preoperative fluid therapy and those who did not. There is a need for more comprehensive studies that involve different fluid therapy models and more patients in this area.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROBLEM SOLVING AND COPING WITH CHRONIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN IN MEDICAL STUDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Baday Keskin Dilek , Efe Mehmet Furkan , Öztaş Nisa Nil , Kankal Serhat , Oğuz Semanur , Çit Mehmet Utku , Köroğlu Mehmet Talha
Published: December 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between problem-solving and coping with chronic musculoskeletal pain in medical students.
Material and Methods: A total of 245 medical students (140 female, 105 male) were included in this cross-sectional study, conducted between January 2024 and March 2024. Participants were recruited for the study via an online questionnaire using a snowball sampling technique. Coping with chronic musculoskeletal pain was evaluated using the Pain Coping Inventory (PCI). Problem solving was assessed using the Problem Solving Inventory (PSI).
Results: The prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain among medical students was 80.8%. The median active coping subgroup score of the PCI was 2.0 (IQR, 1.63-2.38). The mean passive coping subgroup score of the PCI was 2.10±0.49. The mean PSI score was 86.7±18.8. The PSI scores were negatively correlated with the PCI active coping subscale score (r=-0.159, p=0.025) and positively correlated with the PCI passive coping subscale score (r=0.210, p=0.003) in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Multivariate regression analysis showed that PSI score was the only factor associated with the PCI active coping score in the participants with chronic musculoskeletal pain (B=-0.004, p=0.024) (R2=0.026). The PSI score (B=0.006, p=0.001) and VAS score (B=0.045, p=0.016) were factors associated with the PCI passive coping score (R2=0.079).
Conclusion: Problem-solving skills may influence the use of coping strategies for musculoskeletal pain. The development of problem-solving abilities, and even the teaching of such abilities from an early age, may prove beneficial in the management of chronic musculoskeletal pain.
PERFORMANCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MODELS IN RADIOLOGY ORAL EXAM EQUIVALENTS
Authors: Beşler Muhammed Said
Published: December 2024

Large language models have demonstrated notable performance in text- and image-based case questions that are equivalent to oral radiology examinations.
HYPERTENSION PREVALENCE IN MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Başkurt Ertan , Kandur Yaşar , Koyuncu Ömer Lutfi , Tür Ali , Kopmaz Berkay , Bozdemir Eren , Kaya Hilal , Akad Mohammed , Çolak Onurhan
Published: December 2024

Objecitve: This research aimed to determine the blood pressure characteristics of medical students, serving as a reflection of the young adult population.
Material and Methods: This study, conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, included 20 students for each class, amounting to 120 medical students. Blood pressure (BP) was taken twice using a sphygmomanometer and averaged.
Results: The mean age of the students was 21.7±2.1years. Nineteen (15.8%) patients had hypertension. Five (4.2%) students were obese; all of them were male. There was no significant difference between the classes regarding of mean weight, height, and BMI. The mean SBP was significantly higher in grade 4 than the grades 2, 3, and 5 (126.8±5.2 mmHg vs 115.7±9.7 mmHg, 115.7±6.7 mmHg, and 113.2±13.3 mmHg, respectively). There was no significant difference with regard to the rates of smoking, alcohol use, SPS, and family history of HT and diabetes. The prevalence of HT was significantly higher in grade 4 than grades 2, 3, and 6. There was a positive correlation between SBP and body weight, height, and BMI . High BMI was found to be an independent risk factor in the multiple regression analysis.
Conclusion: We concluded that, chronic stress leads to the release of stress hormones such as steroids that play a role in the development of hypertension, especially in grade 4 students.
ANADOLU POPÜLASYONUNDA DİSTAL FEMURUN ROTASYONEL HİZALANMASI - DİZ ARTROPLASTİSİ İÇİN STANDART KILAVUZLARIN UYGUNLUĞU
Authors: Çimen Oğuzhan , Ünlü Ruhat
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Total diz artroplastisi (TDA) ameliyatında femoral komponentin rotasyonu diz kinematiği ve fonksiyonel sonuçlar açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Anadolu popülasyonunda posterior kondiler açı (PKAç) ve Kondiler bükülme açısını (KBA) değerlendirmektir. Ayrıca, TDA’da kullanılan standart posterior kondiler aks (PKA) referans insizyon bloklarının Anadolu popülasyonu için uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif, gözlemsel, analitik çalışmada 18-60 yaş arası 130 hastanın diz bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) görüntüleri üzerinde ölçümler yapıldı. PKAç medial epikondiler sulkustan lateral epikondile uzanan aks (cTEA) ile PKA arasındaki açı, KBA ise medial epikondilden lateral epikondile uzanan aks (aTEA) ile PKA arasındaki açı olarak ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Ortalama PKAç 3.52°±1.45° (1.8° dış rotasyon ile 8° iç rotasyon aralığı), KBA 6.58° ± 1.47° (2°-9.9° iç rotasyon aralığı) olarak ölçüldü. Yüz beş diz (%80.8) PKAç açısından bireysel anatomik sınırlar içindeyken, 9'u eksternal rotasyonda (ER) ve 16'sı internal rotasyonda (İR) grubunda olmak üzere 25 aykırı değer (%19.2) vardı. BT'deki açı ölçümleri, hem gözlemci içi hem de gözlemciler arası güvenilirliği mükemmeldi.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma, Anadolu popülasyonun %80.8’inde posterior kondiler referansın TDA ameliyatında femoral komponent rotasyonu için kabul edilebilir bir referans olduğu, fakat %19.2’sinde ise malrotasyona neden olacağı için uygun bir referans olmadığını göstermektedir. Ortopedik cerrahlar, TDA'yı posterior referans ekipmanı ile uygularken femoral implantı TEA boyunca düzgün bir şekilde hizalamak için diğer referans noktaları dikkate alarak cerrahi tekniği gerektiğinde değiştirmeye hazır olmalıdır.
Bayesian Approach to AUC-Guided Vancomycin Monitoring in Adult Patients at Hung Ha General Hospital
Authors: Ba Hai Le , Thi Thanh Lan Vu , Chi Kien Phung , Thi Nhung Pham , Thu Giang Tran , Thu Ha Ta , Thi Huong Nguyen , Thi Mai Mac , Thu Ha Vu , Thanh Hai Nguyen
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the results of vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) practice in adult patients in Hung Ha General Hospital by applying the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) estimated by the Bayesian approach. Subjects and methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted on adult patients (18 years and older) who met the criteria of the vancomycin concentration monitoring procedure. The proposed vancomycin dosage regimen was estimated to achieve a target AUC24/MIC within the optimal range of 400 – 600 mg.hour/L, using a Bayesian approach on the PrecisePK program. The study was conducted at Hung Ha General Hospital from August 1, 2023, to April 14, 2024. Results: The study involved a total of 30 adult patients with an average age of 59.2 ± 14.5 having TDM vancomycin in the study period. At the first TDM, 12/30 patients (40.0%) attained the target AUC. The follow-up dosage adjustment on 10 patients showed that 8/10 (80.0%) patients attained the target AUC. There was no AKI case recorded after treatment with vancomycin. Conclusion: The application of a Bayesian approach in TDM vancomycin improved the likelihood of achieving the target AUC24/MIC 400 - 600, enhanced treatment efficacy, and reduced the risk of toxicity in patients.
Assessment of the radiation hazard of the use of burnt rocks in road construction
Authors: Pankov Vladimir Yur'evich , Galkin Aleksandr Fyodorovich
Published: December 2024

The subject of research is burnt rocks, sometimes called "goreliki" or "gliezhi" – an abbreviation of "naturally burnt clays", which are widely used in the construction industry in the main regions where coal and shale deposits are located. Usually, clay deposits are used as binders and fillers of concrete for various purposes, in the manufacture of building blocks and panels, in decorative coatings and jewelry, as well as for fillings in the formation of road surfaces. Usually, in road construction, burnt rocks are used to arrange the underlying layers and foundations of roads. A distinctive characteristic of gorelik is their potential radiation, which should be taken into account when usied in the construction industry. The purpose of the presented research is to analyze the objectivity of the environmental safety of the use of burnt rocks in road construction from the point of view of their radioactivity and to assess the compliance of existing regulatory documents with practical realities. The main production radiation hazards may occur for workers and the public when using deposits as a building material for highways are analyzed. The elements of the discrepancy between the requirements of the current "Radiation Safety Standards (NRB-99/2009)" in the process of assessing the radioactive safety of workers and the public when using burnt rocks in the construction industry are considered. The studies carried out have made it possible to establish that the existing radiation safety standards do not fully reflect the specifics of assessing radioactively hazardous building materials, in particular burnt rocks, in terms of their safe use in the construction industry. The main indicator of the possible negative impact on the health of workers and the population when using deposits is the activity of the element potassium forty, which is practically not considered by the regulation. It is shown that the traditional assessment of the hazard of materials by gamma activity is not entirely objective, since in the case of burnt rocks it reflects only a small part of the actual radiation dose received by the employee. The difficulties of a laboratory study of the radiological danger of burnt rocks by industrial SES are also noted. In this regard, before using the burnt rocks of a particular deposit, it is advisable for construction organizations to use the services of special scientific laboratories with appropriate methodological support and modern equipment for an objective assessment of radiation safety.
The ideologization of the Russian language after the 1917 Revolution (based on the materials of the Krasnaya Gazeta)
Authors: Gao Liya
Published: December 2024

The issue of ideologizing the language of Soviet newspapers of the post-revolutionary period is considered. Ideologization is understood as subordination to a system of political, legal, moral, aesthetic, religious and philosophical ideas characteristic of a certain period of society's development. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the ideologization of language continues at the present stage of its development and should be studied taking into account its historical foundations. The author dwells on those linguistic means by which the ideologization of the language of the "Red Newspaper" took place in 1920, highlighting among them new nominative units — names of new realities, figurative and expressive means, speech stamps, clerical style words, colloquial vocabulary, pronouns we and ours, slogans. It is noted that the ideologization of language was one of the ways to influence the reader in the 1920s, when language became the most important tool for spreading ideological views and forming a new consciousness of the citizens of the Soviet Country. It is concluded that the ideologization of the language reflected in the publication "Krasnaya Gazeta" made it possible to rebuild public thinking, form new ideological stereotypes and thereby strengthen the opinion of citizens about the strength of the new world and its focus on meeting the needs of ordinary people. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the ideologization of language continues at the present stage of its development and should be studied taking into account its historical foundations. The author dwells on those linguistic means by which the ideologization of the language of the "Red Newspaper" took place in 1920, highlighting among them new nominative units — names of new realities, figurative and expressive means, speech stamps, clerical style words, colloquial vocabulary, pronouns we and ours, slogans. It is noted that the ideologization of language was one of the ways to influence the reader in the 1920s, when language became the most important tool for spreading ideological views and forming a new consciousness of the citizens of the Soviet Country. It is concluded that the ideologization of language, reflected in the publication "Krasnaya Gazeta", allowed to rebuild public thinking, form new ideological stereotypes and thereby strengthen the opinion of citizens about the strength of the new world and its focus on meeting the needs of ordinary people.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Magnetohydrodynamic Effects on Radiative Heating During Superorbital Earth Reentry
Authors: Lefevre Alexis , Lock Samuel G. , Gildfind David E. , McIntyre Timothy J.
Published: December 2024

Numerical predictions of radiative heat flux were performed on a representative Mars return (Earth reentry upon return from Mars) condition with a flight equivalent velocity of [Formula: see text], produced by the University of Queensland’s X2 expansion tube. The primary goal was to numerically evaluate the effect of an externally applied magnetic field on radiative heat flux to a scaled test model based on NASA’s Stardust vehicle. Numerical simulations used the Eilmer4 computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code coupled with NASA’s NEQAIR code for radiation calculations. A two-dimensional, axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model was implemented in order to model MHD effects. The numerical results predicted a significant increase of 54% to stagnation point radiative heat flux when the magnet was used, and a smaller increase of 8% to afterbody radiative heat flux. An attempt was made to compare the numerical predictions to experimental measurements. A spherical permanent magnet fitted into the test model provided a stagnation point magnetic flux density of 0.68 T. A radiation gauge was developed consisting of a thin-film heat flux gauge placed behind an optical window, enabling isolation of the radiative heat flux component. Several challenges were encountered, including the absorbance calibration of the radiation gauges, chemical contamination of the test flow, and noisy measurements when the magnet was on. These prevented firm conclusions to be made and warrant further experiments to validate the CFD results.
Reduced-Order Modeling of Hypersonic Inlet Flowfield Based on Autoencoder and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition
Authors: Zhang Jun-Xin , Su Wei-Yi , Ma Hang-Yu
Published: December 2024

It is crucial to rapidly predict the flowfield for real-time control of a scramjet inlet. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and autoencoder (AE) are combined with radial basis function (RBF) interpolation to develop two methods, namely, POD-RBF and AE-RBF. To further explore the nonlinear effects of the dimensionality reduction method, we modify the AE’s rectified linear unit activation function to a linear function, creating a linear AE-RBF method. These three methods are used to predict hypersonic, inward-turning inlet flowfields under different incoming Mach numbers and angles of attack. By comparing the performance of the AE-RBF, linear AE-RBF, and POD-RBF methods, we find that the three reduced-order models can effectively predict the inlet flowfields; however, the AE-RBF demonstrates an obvious superiority over the POD-RBF and linear AE-RBF method. After changing the AE’s nonlinear activation function to a linear type, the error distributions of the linear AE-RBF and POD-RBF are nearly identical. The research reveals that this superiority of AE-RBF is attributed to its nonlinear dimensionality reduction capability.
Influence of Nonlinear Static Deformation on the Pre-Pazy and Pazy Wing Flutter
Authors: Santos João P. T. P. , Marques Flávio D. , Begnini Guilherme R.
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the influence of a nonlinear static deformation on the dynamic aeroelastic behavior of very flexible wings. The objects of study are the Pre-Pazy and Pazy wings, which are highly flexible wings presented by the Large Deflections Working Group of the Third Aeroelastic Prediction Workshop. A nonlinear static aeroelastic coupling analysis is performed, coupling a nonlinear beam formulation with the Vortex Lattice Method. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of the wing are obtained considering the predeformed structure, and these results serve as input data for the dynamic aeroelastic model, which considers the Unsteady Vortex Lattice Method as the aerodynamic model and serves to yield the aeroelastic responses in modal coordinates. The frequency spectrum of each time response serves as input for a system identification method, which considers the Least Squares Complex Frequency-domain estimator. The velocity–damping–frequency diagrams are obtained from the identified frequencies and damping ratios, and the critical flutter condition is determined. The flutter speeds obtained agree with the references, and the differences are up to 77% for the Pre-Pazy wing and 4% for the Pazy wing. A significant reduction in those speeds is observed with an increase in the angle of attack.
Heat Transfer Enhancement Characteristics of Multiconfiguration Blunt-Headed Cylinder by Flow-Induced Vibration
Authors: Zhang Xiaoya , Duan Derong , Wang Muhao , Gao Changqing , Yang Xuefeng , Zhang Hui
Published: December 2024

The large deformation of flow-induced vibration (FIV) by flexible fins played an important role in destroying the thermal boundary layer and improving the heat transfer enhancement. A blunt-head cylindrical heat transfer enhancement device based on FIV heat transfer enhancement was proposed. The heat transfer performance of new devices with different configurations was explored by the two-way fluid–structure interaction (FSI) method. Effects of Reynolds number ([Formula: see text]) and angle ([Formula: see text]) on heat transfer performance were studied. Results showed that the Nusselt number ([Formula: see text]) of the blunt cylinder increases by 2.49% compared with that of the bare cylinder. The heat transfer effect was obviously improved when the flexible fin was installed. Compared with the single blunt-headed cylinder ([Formula: see text]) and the rigid fin ([Formula: see text]), the [Formula: see text] was increased by 16.86 and 5.82%, respectively, when the flexible fin was installed. In the calculation range, the [Formula: see text] increased with the increase of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. When [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the maximum [Formula: see text] of the system of blunt-headed cylinder with fin was 15.58, which was 37.63 and 9.64% higher than the [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. This work provides a theoretical basis for the application of FIV in the field of heat transfer enhancement.
Consideration of hydrodynamic forces in determining the force factors acting operating elements of a scroll compressor
Authors:   ITMO University, Pronin V. A. , Kovanov A. V. ,   ITMO University, Mikhailova E. N. ,   ITMO University, Zhilkin A. Yu. ,   ITMO University
Published: December 2024

Increasing the efficiency of compressor equipment is an important task, the solution of which contributes
to the rational use of economic resources and improvement of the environmental situation. In this
regard, the task of improving the characteristics of oil-filled scroll compressors is relevant. The purpose
of this study is to clarify the degree of influence of hydrodynamic forces on the working elements of
a scroll compressor during the movement of a movable scroll. When the tangential gap is filled with
oil and the spiral moves during operation, we can talk about the influence of the hydrodynamic lifting
force, on the basis of which the operating principle of hydrodynamic plain bearings is implemented. As
a result, the hydrodynamic forces in the tangential gap of a scroll compressor and the possibilities of
applying the theory of hydrodynamic lubrication for its calculation are investigated.
Evaluation of rational energy costs for liquid dispersion in piston compressors with a two-phase working fluid
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Scherba V. E. , Kuzhbanov A. K. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Gildebrandt M. I. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Kudentsov V. Yu. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Galdin N. S. ,   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University, Gladenko A. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: December 2024

The paper considers the condition of efficient operation of a piston compressor with coolant injection,
which consists in the fact that the costs of its spraying and injection should be less than the gain
in indicator work obtained with intensive gas cooling and the compression process approaching
isothermal.
The maximum relative gain in the supplied technical work is no more than 25 % when using a
coolant injection system. Therefore, to obtain an energy effect from using a cooling system, the costs
of organizing it should not exceed (10–15) %.
The greatest influence on the amount of energy gain when organizing liquid injection is exerted by
the average radius of coolant droplets, then by the relative amount of injected liquid.
The efficiency of liquid injection increases with an increase in the ratio of the discharge pressure to
the suction pressure and with a decrease in the number of crankshaft revolutions.
Influence of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system centrifugal pump operation mode on blood damage
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Isaeva M. S. , Petrov A. I. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Banin Ye. P. ,   National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»
Published: December 2024

One of the key tasks in the development of mechanical circulatory support pump is to take into account
its interaction with blood components and their corresponding damage. Within the framework of this
study, numerical modeling of the pump operation in different modes is carried out and an assessment of
the corresponding change in the values of hemolysis and thrombosis is made. It is found that the most
dangerous operating modes also change depending on the parameter under consideration: hemolysis
demonstrated the greatest dependence on rotation rate, thrombosis — on flow rate. It is also noted that
regardless of the damage parameter taken into account, the greatest contribution to blood damage is
made by volute, but the balance between the contribution of the pump elements vary depending on
the damage parameter under consideration. The obtained results demonstrate that in order to create a
safe mechanical circulatory support pump, during its design and optimization process it is necessary to
take into account both hemolysis and thrombosis, as well as the dynamics of system operation.
On the variation of kinetic energy in a hydraulic inertial motion converter
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Burian Yu. A. , Russkikh G. S. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: December 2024

The research investigates the dynamics of a hydraulic inertial motion converter in a non-conservative
system. The hydraulic inertial motion converter portion of the inertial tubes in the piston is overlapped
synchronously with the change in direction of piston velocity. The cylinder piston is forced into
progressive oscillating motion by a servo drive, which is mounted on a movable platform along with
the cylinder.
The relative movement of the cylinder piston in a non-conservative system leads to an increase in kinetic
energy, which could affect the motion of the moving platform, both in the absence of resistance forces
and when the resistance is small and proportional to the platform velocity.
Overview of results in the application of flywheel hybrid transportation systems
Authors:   Moscow State Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University, Mokhammad T. , Gayevskiy V. V. ,   Moscow State Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University, Mukhammad D. ,   National Research University «Moscow Power Engineering Institute»
Published: December 2024

Among several typical energy storage methods, that flywheel energy storage has advantages such as
high instantaneous power, high-performance and long service life, making it perfect secondary energy
storage technology for traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. Although some progress has
been made in the applied research of flywheel energy storage technology, there are no detailed studies
at home and abroad that summarize its application in the vehicle applications. This paper searches
the data on «flywheel energy storage», analyzes the research progress of flywheel energy storage
in automotive industry, and analyzes the research progress of flywheel energy storage in vehicle
applications. The search data show that flywheel energy storage technology for the vehicle applications
has been studied for the last 20 years, although it is a niche research area. With respect to two typical
flywheel hybrid systems, namely electric and mechanical drive, we have focused on the history of
the study, research and validation of mechanical flywheel hybrid system in the automotive industry,
as well as the structural characteristics of this system, the current state of research and future research
trends.
Methodology of designing a small spacecraft for technological purposes
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Sedelnikov A. V. , Taneeva A. S. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: December 2024

The paper presents a methodology for designing a small spacecraft to perform the tasks of
technological processes in near-Earth space. When designing such a small spacecraft, it is assumed that
it will be equipped with a microgravity platform to meet the requirements for micro-accelerations.
The methodology is based on the principles of individuality, attainability and controllability. They
guarantee the maximum possible consideration of the features of the gravity-sensitive process
being implemented, including compliance with the requirements for limiting the micro-acceleration
module in the working area of technological equipment and effective control of this implementation.
The developed technique can be used in the design of a small spacecraft for technological purposes.
Experimental research of technological elastic deformations of the central holes of gears
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Serkov A. S. , Derkach V. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Mikhailenko S. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Serkova L. B. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: December 2024

The research experimentally investigates the occurrence of technological elastic deformations of the
central holes of gears of low technological rigidity (non-rigid gears) caused by their fixation in 3-cam
self-centering cartridges. The authors present an experimental comparison of the attachment scheme
by the involute with the scheme by the external diameter. Moreover, the graphs of distortion of the
hole shape from roundness as a function of the torque applied to the wrench handle were plotted.
The least squares method was used to confirm the assumed linear dependence of the graphs of hole
shape distortion from roundness as a function of the tightening torque applied to the wrench handle.
The authors compare the results obtained by the experiment with the obtained earlier using computer
modeling, the adequacy of computer models and the reliability of the experimental results. Experimentally
it was determined that at fixing by involute there is on 30,23 % less value of hole shape distortion from
roundness in comparison with the scheme of fixing by external diameter. As a result, the scheme of
fixing by involute with a gear of low technological rigidity is the best in terms of hole shape distortion
from roundness in comparison with the scheme of fixing by external diameter.
The scientific novelty is to investigate the influence of clamping forces on the hole shape distortion of
a gear of small technological rigidity when fixed by its external diameter and involute in a 3-cam selfcentring chuck. The resulting data allows scientifically justifying assignment of parameters of clamping
devices in the production of gears of small technological stiffness used in aeronautical vehicles.
Comparative analysis of a new experimental and theoretical approach and standard methods for determining toxicity of combustion products of polymeric materials
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, PUZACH Sergei V. , KOMAREVTSEV Nikita V. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, AKPEROV Ruslan G. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2024

Purpose. The objective of the present study is to carry out a comparative analysis of the proposed new experimental and theoretical method for assessing toxicity index of combustion products of various substances and materials. This method is based on calculating the time it takes for escape routes to be blocked by toxic gases. Carbon monoxide has been chosen as an example for the analysis, which allows comparing this method with traditional standard methods for toxicity determination.
Methods. The authors applied the experimental and theoretical approach to determine the toxicity of combustion products of substances and materials, used the regulatory biological method for determining toxicity index of combustion products, and also calculated time for blocking evacuation routes.
Findings. The experiment results on determining the level of toxicity of combustion products of polymeric materials have been presented. Toxicity indices have been determined in accordance with the proposed and normative methods.
The combustible material under study, being more hazardous than the other material in the toxicity group according to the normative biological method, has been found to be less hazardous in terms of toxicological impact on people during evacuation.
It has been determined that the classification of materials based on the value of toxicity index according to the standard methods does not allow assessing the level of toxicological hazard of substances and materials with regard to ensuring the safety of people evacuation in fire conditions.
Research application field. The findings of the research can be used for redefining the classification of substances and materials by the toxicity of combustion products.
Conclusions. The proposed new experimental and theoretical approach takes into account more fire hazardous properties of combustible materials than standard methods, and makes it possible to carry out scientifically grounded gradation of substances and materials by toxicity of their combustion products.
Evaluating the effectiveness of the compositions use for extinguishing lithium-ion batteries fires
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, DVOENKO Oleg V. , KOLBASOV Aleksei F. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, KUCHMASOV Daniil A. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, SHCHETNEV Kirill P. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, KOSYANOVA Elena N. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2024

Purpose. The number of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) introduced into consumer electronics, transport and stationary energy storage devices keeps growing every year. In this regard, the probability of fires involving these batteries also increases and the fires are accompanied by a strong manifestation of hazardous fire factors, all these factors as a whole are complicated by the fact that currently there are no recommendations, methods, ways and means for suppressing these fires.
The article presents the results of an experimental assessment of the effectiveness of extinguishing LIB fires by air-emulsion, carbon dioxide and special powder fire extinguishers.
Methods. In the course of the study the researchers used methods of analysis, assessment, natural experiment and fire parameters measurement. Due to the lack of methodology for conducting fire tests using LIB as a model source of a fire, tests were carried out in accordance with the developed methodology described in the article.
Findings. A method program has been developed that allows conducting fire tests using LIB. Experimental data on the efficiency of using fire extinguishers when extinguishing LIB fires have been obtained and the corresponding graphical dependencies have been presented.
Research application field. The results of the experimental study of combustion temperatures and efficiency assessment of using some fire extinguishing agents during LIB combustion will allow carrying out a number of new scientific works on improving existing extinguishing media, as well as on determining other combustion parameters of these batteries.
Conclusions. Experimental evaluation of fire extinguishing media efficiency when extinguishing LIB fires allowed us to test the developed method and obtain experimental data on the combustion temperature of this energy source type. Research in the field of ensuring fire safety of LIB will expand the existing theoretical database of combustion process parameters, and develop effective extinguishing media and methods for their use for these types of batteries.
Effect of fire temperature conditions on the characteristics of signal cables
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, LEBEDCHENKO Olga S. , PUZACH Sergei V. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, KHOLOSTOV Aleksander L. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, CHISTYAKOV Timur I. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2024

Purpose. Wires and cables used to transmit control signals are not able to maintain their electrical parameters when exposed to fire temperature conditions. To assess the performance
of various systems with conductors with typical insulating shells in their composition, in fire conditions it is necessary to have an idea of the change in the parameters of these conductors.
Methods. To assess the influence of temperature conditions on the parameters of wires and cables, an experimental stand was created that provides heating and measurement
of electrical parameters.
Findings. As a result of the conducted research, dependences were obtained characterizing the change in the electrical parameters of the cable under study from the temperature conditions of the environment. It has been found that as the temperature increases, the insulation resistance increases and reaches a maximum value in the temperature range of 80–100 °C.
After heating the cable to 150  °C, insulation deformation and
a sharp change in cable capacity begin to occur, which should be taken into account when designing systems using this type of cable.
Research application field. The results obtained can be used in the design of newly created control and automation systems
at various facilities, as well as to assess the operability of existing systems at operated facilities.
Conclusions. The electrical parameters of the 324M Network Patch Cat 5E 24AWG 4 PRETL TIA/EIA-568B cable significantly depend on the ambient temperature, which must
be taken into account when evaluating the operability of the above cable.
Single nucleotide polymorphism of IGF-1R (rs2229765) in acne and/or its severity
Authors: Kamboj Parul , Arora Amanjot Kaur , Kaur Ramandeep , Banerjee Sohini , Dhawan Garima , Gupta Navya , De Dipankar
Published: December 2024

Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous glands diagnosed by dermatologists in teenagers. During puberty, a peak in the levels of hormones (growth factors and its terminal mediator insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)) is observed that plays a vital role in acne pathogenesis. IGF-1 and its polymorphism are known to positively correlate with acne and/or its severity. However, the role of polymorphism of IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) in acne and/or its severity has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the association of IGF-1R polymorphism with the occurrence of acne and its severity. IGF-1R polymorphism was analyzed in acne patients (n = 100) and controls (n = 100) by the restriction fragment length polymorphism. IGF-1R polymorphism was found to be evenly distributed among the controls and patients. Although IGF-1 polymorphism positively correlates with acne and/or its severity, the polymorphism of its receptor IGF-1R was not significantly associated with acne. Furthermore, no significant association was observed between IGF-1R polymorphism and IGF-1R expression at messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein level. A similar study with a larger study populations may be planned to validate or refute the observed findings.