bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of neuromuscular training compared to classic strength-resistance training in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ferrer-Sargues Francisco José , Fabregat-Andrés Óscar , Martínez-Hurtado Isabel , Salvador-Coloma Pablo , Martínez-Olmos Francisco José , Lluesma-Vidal Marta , Biviá-Roig Gemma , Segrera-Rovira María José , Arguisuelas María Dolores , Valtueña-Gimeno Noemí
Published: December 2020

The aim of the present clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of neuromuscular versus classical strength-resistance training as part of a cardiac rehabilitation programme in patients following acute coronary syndrome. The study is designed as a double-blinded, randomised, and controlled clinical trial. Thirty participants suffering from acute coronary syndrome who meet our inclusion criteria will be recruited by a private tertiary hospital. The intervention group will follow 20 sessions of a cardiac rehabilitation programme divided into two parts: aerobic training and neuromuscular strength-resistance training. The control group will complete the same aerobic training as well as a classical strength-resistance training workout programme. The primary outcome of the study will be the mean difference in change from baseline in the Incremental Shuttle Walking Test. The secondary outcomes will be the cardiorespiratory fitness of the patients (assessed by means of the Chester Step Test), lower-limb performance (assessed with the 30-Second Chair Stand Test and Single-Leg Squat Test), lower-limb strength (hip flexor handheld dynamometry), sexual dysfunction assessment (Sex Health Inventory for Men) and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L). This work will provide evidence for the effectiveness of a neuromuscular versus a classic strength-training programme in terms of cardiorespiratory fitness, lower-limb performance capacities and quality of life, in cardiac patients. The data obtained could lead to more effective and functional workouts which, in turn, may enhance the speed at which these patients can return to their everyday activities of life and improve the efficiency of their movement patterns and heart responses. Furthermore, patients may find neuromuscular workout routines more motivating and engaging, thus encouraging them to adopt healthier lifestyle patterns.
The impact of comorbidities on post-operative complications following colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Flynn David E. , Mao Derek , Yerkovich Stephanie T. , Franz Robert , Iswariah Harish , Hughes Andrew , Shaw Ian M. , Tam Diana P. L. , Chandrasegaram Manju D.
Published: December 2020

Background

Colorectal cancer surgery is complex and can result in severe post-operative complications. Optimisation of surgical outcomes requires a thorough understanding of the background complexity and comorbid status of patients.

Aim

The aim of this study is to determine whether certain pre-existing comorbidities are associated with high grade post-operative complications following colorectal cancer surgery. The study also aims to define the prevalence of demographic, comorbid and surgical features in a population undergoing colorectal cancer resection.

Method

A colorectal cancer database at The Prince Charles Hospital was established to capture detailed information on patient background, comorbidities and clinicopathological features. A single-centre retrospective study was undertaken to assess the effect of comorbidities on post-operative outcomes following colorectal cancer resection. Five hundred and thirty-three patients were reviewed between 2010–2018 to assess if specific comorbidities were associated with higher grade post-operative complications. A Clavien-Dindo grade of three or higher was defined as a high grade complication.

Results

Fifty-eight percent of all patients had an ASA grade of ASA III or above. The average BMI of patients undergoing resection was 28 ± 6.0. Sixteen percent of all patients experienced a high grade complications. Patients with high grade complications had a higher mean average age compared to patients with low grade or no post-operative complications (74 years vs 70 years, p = 0.01). Univariate analysis revealed patients with atrial fibrillation, COPD, ischaemic heart disease and heart failure had an increased risk of high grade complications. Multivariate analysis revealed pre-existing atrial fibrillation (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.53–4.89, p <0.01) and COPD (OR 2.02 1.07–3.80, p = 0.029) were independently associated with an increased risk of high grade complications.

Conclusion

Pre-existing atrial fibrillation and COPD are independent risk factors for high grade complications. Targeted perioperative management is necessary to optimise outcomes.
Genome-based characterization of Escherichia coli causing bloodstream infection through next-generation sequencing
Authors: Paramita Rafika Indah , Nelwan Erni Juwita , Fadilah Fadilah , Renesteen Editha , Puspandari Nelly , Erlina Linda
Published: December 2020

Escherichia coli are one of the commonest bacteria causing bloodstream infection (BSI). The aim of the research was to identify the serotypes, MLST (Multi Locus Sequence Type), virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolated from bloodstream infection hospitalized patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital Jakarta. We used whole genome sequencing methods rather than the conventional one, to characterized the serotypes, MLST (Multi Locus Sequence Type), virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of E. coli. The composition of E. coli sequence types (ST) was as follows: ST131 (n = 5), ST38 (n = 3), ST405 (n = 3), ST69 (n = 3), and other STs (ST1057, ST127, ST167, ST3033, ST349, ST40, ST58, ST6630). Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) and Extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) groups were found dominant in our samples. Twenty isolates carried virulence genes for host cells adherence and 15 for genes that encourage E. coli immune evasion by enhancing survival in serum. ESBL-genes were present in 17 E. coli isolates. Other AMR genes also encoded resistance against aminoglycosides, quinolones, chloramphenicol, macrolides and trimethoprim. The phylogeny analysis showed that phylogroup D is dominated and followed by phylogroup B2. The E. coli isolated from 22 patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital Jakarta showed high diversity in serotypes, sequence types, virulence genes, and AMR genes. Based on this finding, routinely screening all bacterial isolates in health care facilities can improve clinical significance. By using Whole Genome Sequencing for laboratory-based surveillance can be a valuable early warning system for emerging pathogens and resistance mechanisms.
El tecnoestrés como factor de riesgo para la seguridad y salud del trabajador
Authors: Martín Rodriguez Olaya
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se aborda cómo la implantación y generalización de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación, así como el incremento de la modalidad del trabajo a distancia y del teletrabajo han provocado la aparición de nuevos riesgos laborales, como el síndrome de tecnoestrés. La razón de este nuevo síndrome se debe a la carencia de una adecuada desconexión digital lo que genera una invasión de la vida laboral en la persona. Se analizará la normativa existente en materia de teletrabajo, desconexión digital y de prevención de riesgos laborales, con el fin de determinar si dicha normativa es suficiente o se requiere una reforma legal de mayor calado como garantía de la seguridad y salud de los trabajadores ante este nuevo riesgo laboral.
La relevancia del cambio climático en la prensa española: análisis comparativo de El País, El Mundo y ABC
Authors: Parratt Fernández Sonia , Mera Fernández Montse , Carrasco Polaino Rafael
Published: December 2020

Los estudios sobre la cobertura mediática del cambio climático son mayoritariamente diacrónicos o se centran en las cumbres mundiales del clima. Aquí analizamos la relevancia que otorgan al problema los tres diarios de pago más leídos en España mediante un análisis de contenido de sus versiones digitales durante todo 2017, año en que Donald Trump anunció su retirada del Acuerdo de París. Constatamos la influencia de la ideología de los diarios en sus coberturas; la prevalencia de los acontecimientos políticos internacionales en sus agendas y, dentro de ellos, el protagonismo indiscutible de Trump, por encima incluso de las cumbres; y una considerable presencia del cambio climático fuera de las secciones dedicadas al medio ambiente.
Identidad juvenil latinoamericana a través del análisis de los discursos sociocomunicativos glocales. Caso Colombia
Authors: Pinto Arboleda María Cristina , Barreneche Corrales Johana , Alcoceba Hernando José Antonio
Published: December 2020

Este artículo es resultado de una investigación que indagó acerca de la existencia de una identidad juvenil común latinoamericana, a partir del análisis de las referencias icónicas de jóvenes. La metodología, que se compartió con investigadores de España y Argentina, incorporó herramientas participativas en un semillero de investigación con estudiantes de comunicación de la Universidad de Medellín. Para el análisis se partió de los principios de la iconología de Panofsky (1998), a través de técnicas de trabajo colaborativo/cooperativo. Los principales hallazgos apuntan a la mediación histórica e institucional en la conformación de la identidad, configurada desde los discursos sociales.
Increasing Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Originating from Yellow Sweet Potato Extract as Dye Sensitizer: Effect of Acetic Acid, Polyethylene Glycol, and Polyvinyl Alcohol as TiO2 binders
Authors: Nadhirah Yulia , Kusumanto RD , Hasan Abu
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to obtain the most efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) using yellow sweet potato extract (Ipomoea Batatas L.) as a dye sensitizer, with acetic acid, polyethyleneglycol (PEG), and polyvinylalcohol (PVA) as TiO2 binding solution. This research includes the preparation of TiO2 paste with variations: 4 g TiO2 plus 2 M acetic acid (Paste-1), 3.5 g TiO2 plus 15 mL PEG-400 (Paste-2), and 0.5 g TiO2 plus 0.75 mL. PVA (Paste-3). Anthocyanin dye from yellow sweet potato was prepared and used to soak the TiO2 photoelectrode for 24 hours. UV-vis and FTIR spectra of dye solution from yellow sweet potato extract showed anthocyanin content at a maximum wavelength of 283 nm and were strengthened by the appearance of hydroxyl groups in the infrared spectra. The highest DSSC efficiency of 0.302% was obtained from PVA as a TiO2 binder, with an electric current of 0.0204 mA and an electric voltage of 338 mv.
Traditional and molecular methods for the identification of whitefly (Aleyrodidae) species
Authors: DOBRAJC Maja , RADIŠEK Sebastjan , JAKŠE Jernej , TRDAN Stanislav
Published: December 2020

Whiteflies (Aleyrodidae) is small group of insects (Insecta) that comprises around 1500 species from 160 genera. Whiteflies damage important cultivated and ornamental plants by sucking plants juice. Most of the species are from tropical area, in our region they are the most common in greenhouses. Because worldwide transport, whiteflies become invasive all around the world. The identification of whiteflies species in adult stage is problematic. Morphological differentiation of pupae is one of the better methods for determining identity of species, but it may vary depending on the host plant on which they develop which can lead to misidentifications and erroneous naming of new species. The application of genetic diagnostics under the umbrella of classical taxonomy was imperative for successful development and delivery of the biological control program, phylogenetics and plans for biological control. The most common modern techniques for whiteflies determination are computer programs for photography analysis, molecular methods with DNA isolation and sequencing.
Deaths After Intravenous Misuse of Transdermal Fentanyl
Authors: Lilleng PK , Mehlum LI , Bachs L , Morild I
Published: December 2020

Fentanyl is a potent synthetic opioid used as a general anesthetic and analgetic. Fatal outcome from intravenous misuse of transdermal fentanyl is rare, and there are few such reports in literature. Here we report two cases of fatal intravenous injection of the content from fentanyl patches. Both were male drug addicts, found dead within a one week interval in the same apartment. Post-mortem femoral blood was screened for amphetamines, cannabinoids, cocaine, and opioids with immunological methods (EMIT II) and further with headspace gas chromatography for alcohol and with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for different drugs, including fentanyl. Confirmatory analysis of fentanyl and morphine was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In the first case, the toxicological analysis revealed fentanyl (2.7 ng/mL), morphine (31.4 ng/mL), and ethanol (1.1 g/L) in postmortem blood and amphetamine, cannabinoids, morphine, and ethanol (1.4 g/L) in postmortem urine. In the second case, the analysis revealed fentanyl (13.8 ng/mL), 7-aminoclonazepam (57.1 ng/mL), and sertralin (91.9 ng/mL) in postmortem blood and a small amount of ethanol (0.1 g/L) in postmortem urine. Police investigation revealed that both the deceased had bought the patches from the same source. The present cases demonstrate the possibility of intravenous misuse of transdermal patches and the risk of fatal outcome.
Finding Distributed Needles in Neural Haystacks
Authors: Cox Christopher R. , Rogers Timothy T.
Published: December 2020

The human cortex encodes information in complex networks that can be anatomically dispersed and variable in their microstructure across individuals. Using simulations with neural network models, we show that contemporary statistical methods for functional brain imaging—including univariate contrast, searchlight multivariate pattern classification, and whole-brain decoding with L1 or L2 regularization—each have critical and complementary blind spots under these conditions. We then introduce the sparse-overlapping-sets (SOS) LASSO—a whole-brain multivariate approach that exploits structured sparsity to find network-distributed information—and show in simulation that it captures the advantages of other approaches while avoiding their limitations. When applied to fMRI data to find neural responses that discriminate visually presented faces from other visual stimuli, each method yields a different result, but existing approaches all support the canonical view that face perception engages localized areas in posterior occipital and temporal regions. In contrast, SOS LASSO uncovers a network spanning all four lobes of the brain. The result cannot reflect spurious selection of out-of-system areas because decoding accuracy remains exceedingly high even when canonical face and place systems are removed from the dataset. When used to discriminate visual scenes from other stimuli, the same approach reveals a localized signal consistent with other methods—illustrating that SOS LASSO can detect both widely distributed and localized representational structure. Thus, structured sparsity can provide an unbiased method for testing claims of functional localization. For faces and possibly other domains, such decoding may reveal representations more widely distributed than previously suspected.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBrain systems represent information as patterns of activation over neural populations connected in networks that can be widely distributed anatomically, variable across individuals, and intermingled with other networks. We show that four widespread statistical approaches to functional brain imaging have critical blind spots in this scenario and use simulations with neural network models to illustrate why. We then introduce a new approach designed specifically to find radically distributed representations in neural networks. In simulation and in fMRI data collected in the well studied domain of face perception, the new approach discovers extensive signal missed by the other methods—suggesting that prior functional imaging work may have significantly underestimated the degree to which neurocognitive representations are distributed and variable across individuals.
Are Public Bureaucracies Supposed to Be High Reliability Organizations?
Authors: Seibel Wolfgang
Published: December 2020

This article addresses the question of to what extent conventional theories of high reliability organizations and normal accidents theory are applicable to public bureaucracy. Empirical evidence suggests precisely this. Relevant cases are, for instance, collapsing buildings and bridges due to insufficient supervision of engineering by the relevant authorities, infants dying at the hands of their own parents due to misperceptions and neglect on the part of child protection agencies, uninterrupted serial killings due to a lack of coordination among police services, or improper planning and risk assessment in the preparation of mass events such as soccer games or street parades. The basic argument is that conceptualizing distinct and differentiated causal mechanisms is useful for developing more fine-grained variants of both normal accident theory and high reliability organization theory that take into account standard pathologies of public bureaucracies and inevitable trade-offs connected to their political embeddedness in democratic and rule-of-law-based systems to which belong the tensions between responsiveness and responsibility and between goal attainment and system maintenance. This, the article argues, makes it possible to identify distinct points of intervention at which permissive conditions with the potential to trigger risk-generating human action can be neutralized while the threshold that separates risk-generating human action from actual disaster can be raised to a level that makes disastrous outcomes less probable.
Actionable Open Data
Authors: Lupi Lucia , Antonini Alessio , De Liddo Anna , Motta Enrico
Published: December 2020

Open Data are recognised as invaluable resources at the city level for improving local services, community engagement and businesses initiatives, but their use still struggle to have the desired impact. This work addresses the underuse of Open Data by exploring the connection between data and actions in everyday urban activities implemented by local governments, public agencies, businesses, non-profit organisations and research institutions operating in the city. The empirical results of this exploratory study outline a structural misalignment between a) roles of local actors in city activities and their data-related activities, b) provision of Open Data and information needs of local actors, c) expected uses of data in local actions and forms of support to the users provided by current city Open Data portals. The envisioned alternative approach to foster the use of Open Data at the city level rely on identifying the appropriate data to be produced for supporting local actions, instead than focusing on publishing data disconnected from real information needs of organisations working for local communities.
EFFECTS OF GLUTATHIONE ON THE EXPRESSION OF ATP-SENSITIVE POTASSIUM CHANNELS, MITOCHONDRIAL PORES, AND ON OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE HEART OF OLD RATS
Authors:   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Strutynska N.A. , Goshovska Yu.V. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Korkach Yu.P. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Mys L.A. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Strutynskyi R.B. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sagach V.F. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The effects of a single injection of the reduced form of glutathione on the expression of the KCNJ8 and KCNJ11 genes encoding Kir6.1 and Kir6.2 subunits of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels and on Ca2+-induced nonspecific mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTP) opening in the heart of old rats were studied. Changes in biochemical parameters characterizing the intensity of oxidative processes in organelles at the action of glutathione were also studied. The expression levels of Kir6.1 і Kir6.2 subunits KATP channels were determined using reverse transcription and quantitative PCR. It was shown that after the administration of glutathione to old rats, the expression of KATP channel subunits significantly increased, namely for Kir6.1 9.3 times, for Kir6.2 2.6 times. The use of glutathione in older animals inhibited mPTP opening: reduced the amplitude of spontaneous and Ca2+-induced swelling of mitochondria. An important consequence of the action of glutathione during aging was a decrease in the rate of generation of superoxide (.О2-) and hydroxyl (.ОН) radicals, as well as the content of hydrogen peroxide respectively in 1.8, 2.5 and 3.2 times compared with these figures in older animals without treatment. Glutathione also reduced lipid peroxidation, particularly pools of diene conjugates (2.5-fold) and malonic dialdehyde (1.8-fold). Thus, glutathione significantly increases the expression of KCNJ8 and KCNJ11 genes encoding Kir6.1 and Kir6.2 subunits of KATP channels in the heart of rats, regulates MP, preventing its opening, and reduces oxidative stress, indicating its important role in myocardial protection.
BKCA CHANNELS MEDIATE THE EFFECTS OF DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID ON THE RESPIRATION PARAMETERS OF MYOCARDIAL MITOCHONDRIA AT HIGH CALCIUM CONCENTRATIONS
Authors:   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Panasiuk O.S. , Bondarenko А.I. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) provide protection against myocardial damage in ischemia-reperfusion. However, the mechanisms that provide cardioprotection are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a member of omega -3 PUFA, on mitochondrial respiration parameters and the role of mitochondrial calcium-dependent potassium channels of large conductance (ВКСа) in the implementation of these effects. Using the patch-clamp method, it was shown that functional ВКСа channels are expressed in the inner mitochondrial membrane of cardiac cells and their activity increases with the addition of DHA. We investigated the role of mitochondrial ВКСа channels in the regulation of mitochondrial respiratory processes. In experiments with isolated mitochondria from rat hearts, we showed that DHA prevented an increase in the respiratory rate of mitochondria in the V4 state and a decrease in the respiratory control elicited by addition of 10 μM Ca2+. Qualitatively the same effect was caused by NS1619, the ВКСа opener. In the presence of 10 μM Ca2+, the ВКСа channel inhibitor paxilin (1 μM) prevented the protective effect of DHA and NS1619 on the parameters of respiratory control. We conclude that mitochondrial ВКСа channels are involved in the implementation of the effects of DHA on mitochondrial respiration.
COVID-19 as the new social reality
Authors: Stepanenko Viktor
Published: December 2020

In the paper some aspects of social problematic and consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic are considered under the angle of sociological approaches. In particular these are the issues of institutional capacity and efficiency of government in facing the pandemic, the problems of actualization of biopolitics and of social inequality, social psychological challenges of the pandemic. It is argued that the global consequences of the pandemic imply the shifts in the configurations of basic societal values and regulations such as freedom, responsibility, security, civility, equality, trust and solidarity. Administrative regulations, restrictions and lockdown during quarantine are not only measures that are justified by the protection of security and public health, but also certain tests by the governments of the thresholds for the perception of strict social control. Based on the analysis of the results of sociological research, in particular by the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the features of the coronavirus crisis in Ukraine are outlined. These features are due to the fact that in Ukraine universal social challenges of the pandemic are combined with the country’s multifactorial social transformation. Thus, the social consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine can manifest themselves in two ways: as a negative catalyst that exacerbates the problem of uncompleted social transformation or as a kind of "equalizer", that is the factor in which the values of security, social survival, tolerance and solidarity will become a priority.
Movement in the Social Hierarchy in the Age of Transformation: People's Perceptions in Post-Communist Countries
Authors: Malysh Lina
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes how people evaluate the changes in their position in the social hierarchy. The main research attention is focused on post-communist countries which exemplify the transition from one social order to another. The list of these post-communist countries was as follows: Bulgaria (N = 1000), Estonia (N = 1000), Latvia (N = 1069), Lithuania (N = 1023), Poland (N = 1263), Russia (N = 1603), Slovakia (N = 1159), Slovenia (N = 1065), Hungary (N = 1010), Ukraine (N = 2012), Croatia (N = 1201), the Czech Republic (N = 1205). Based on the questions from the Social Inequality-IV module of the International Social Survey Programme two types of people's perception of their mobility were identified: subjective social mobility and intergenerational movement on the social ladder. Subjective social mobility measured as a level of status of respondents’ current job compared to the status of their father's job when the respondent was a teenager. Intergenerational movement in the social ladder was considered as the difference between respondent’s self-positioning on the social ladder and his/her ideas about the position of the family of his origin on this ladder. Also, the direction and distance of both types of movement in the social hierarchy were measured. As a result, the differences in stratification profiles based on distributions of the respondent’s position on the social ladder and that of their parents were shown. In a large majority of nations, people moved down on the social ladder. The exceptions were Slovakia, the Czech Republic, and Poland. In general, the proportion of people who have experienced upward subjective mobility exceeded the proportion of those who have risen the social ladder. Distances of both types of movement in the social space were moderate. Subjective mobility and intergenerational movement in the social ladder did not correlate too much. The correlation between the variables was strongest in Poland and the Czech Republic. Methodological features of indicators of both types of movement in social space are outlined, but more accurate description of their measuring limits requires further empirical exploration.
Determinants of citizens' attitude to the Ukrainian government: a sociological analysis
Authors: Rakhmanov Oleksandr
Published: December 2020

The article considers the perception of citizens of the government of Ukraine depending on the institutional forms of its formation. Citizens 'attitudes toward government are individuals' reactions to government policies and the activities of its leaders. The formation of these reactions occurs by comparing one's own expectations about the government's activities with the perception of the results of these activities. The dynamics of the influence of socio-economic, value-ideological and structural factors on the assessment of government activities was analyzed on the basis of empirical data from the five waves of the European Social Research (ESS) and the 2020 monitoring study of the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. the dynamics of the influence of socio-economic, value-ideological and structural factors on the assessment of power was analyzed. It was found that in the case of forming the government through a coalition of political forces in the parliament, citizens' perception of government activities is largely determined by their ideological beliefs. In particular, in relation to both governments of Yulia Tymoshenko, more satisfaction was observed among people who position themselves on the right ideological flank. On the other hand, in relation to the government of Viktor Yanukovych, more satisfaction was observed among people positioning themselves on the ideological left flank. In contrast to this, when the government is formed on the initiative of the presidential administration, government policy is perceived by the population through the prism of their structural and socio-economic interests. Satisfaction with the activities of the second Mykola Azarov’s Government and the Denys Shmyhal’s Government was mostly conditioned by an income and financial situation of the respondens. The results of the study generally supported the assumption that the turnover of government and the institutional form of government is reflected in the attitude of citizens to the activities of governments.
Exploring Artemisia annua L., artemisinin and its derivatives, from traditional Chinese wonder medicinal science
Authors: SHAHRAJABIAN Mohamad H. , SUN Wenli , CHENG Qi
Published: December 2020

Artemisia annua L. (Chinese wormwood herb, Asteraceae) synthesizes artemisinin, which is known as qinghaosu, considers as a unique sesquiterpene endoperoxide lactone. In traditional Chinese medicine, it has been used for the treatment of fevers and haemorrhoides. More researches on Artemisia annua L. and its derivatives, especially artemisinin and other metabolites will help to increase the knowledge and value of A. annua and its constituents. Phenolics from Artemisia annua consists of coumarins, flavones, flavonols, phenolic acids, and miscellaneous. Artemisinin has attracted much attention from scientists due to its potent antimalarial properties as secondary metabolites. Moreover, more attentions are focusing on the roles of artemisinin and its derivatives in treating obesity and metabolic diseases. They also have anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-protozoa, anti-helminthic, anti-fungal, anti-angiogenic and antiproliferation properties. The most important derivatives of Artemisia annua L. are arteether, artemether, artemiside, artemisinin, artemisone, artesunate, and dihydroartemisinin. Artemisinin also use against some cancers such as liver cancer, brain glioma, leukemia, nasopharyngeal cancer, gallbladder cancer, gastric cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer and colon cancer. This important gift from ancient Chinese traditional medicine can guarantee health of people all around the world. Further researches should be done on the new advances and development of artemisinin and its derivatives as potential natural medicine in the global fight against so many diseases, malaria included.
Allelopathic effect of invasive Canadian goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L.) on early growth of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)
Authors: ZANDI Peiman , BARABASZ-KRASNY Beata , STACHURSKA-SWAKOŃ Alina , PUŁA Joanna , MOŻDŻEŃ Katarzyna
Published: December 2020

Solidago canadensis belongs to highly invasive species in Europe, it is established in ruderal, semi-natural and natural communities. To test the traits related to invasiveness, the experiment with the potential of allelopathic compounds produced by the species was conducted. The aqueous extract from the goldenrod leaves was used to examine the germination and early stages of development of Trifolium pratense, the species as an example of fodder plant common in meadows and pastures. Three types of aqueous extract were used: decoction, infusion, and macerate. All extracts of Canadian goldenrod had a negative influence on the germination process of red clover, however, the effect changed in time and type of extract. The most inhibiting influence was documented for the macerate type of aqueous extract. Similarly, the negative influence of macerate was the highest for the length and weight of the seedlings, the content of chlorophyll a and b, and electrolyte leakage. As the procedure of obtaining the macerate is the most like the process of natural extraction of allelopathic substances in nature, there is the practical conclusion to remove the moved biomass of the goldenrod during the restoration process of areas colonised by the species.
Pollen grain expression of osmotic adjustment as a screening method on drought tolerance in several wine and table grape genotypes (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: DAVID Monica , TIŢA Andrei , TOMA Ionela D. , CIOBOTEA Cristina-Magdalena , BĂNUŢĂ Mădălina F.
Published: December 2020

Osmotic adjustment is one of the important mechanisms to adapt to drought and it is the only one which is activated under any level of water stress in the plant cells. Grapevine pollen grains response was tested to osmotic stress in fourteen genotypes, initiated by immersion in 55% or 65% polyethylene glycol solutions without and with addition of potassium chloride, to estimate the expressions of osmotic adjustment. The pollen grain test found differences both in the measurements of projected area cytoplasm and expressions of osmotic adjustment present in the cells. Italian Riesling increased pollen grains cytoplasm in PEG solutions with added KCl much more than other genotypes and had the high values for both expressions of induced and overall osmotic adjustment. The results obtained for expression of induced osmotic adjustment underlined the high K+ accumulation capacity of ‘Italian Riesling’, ‘Burgund mare’ 86 Şt., ‘Muscat d’Adda’ 22 Şt., ‘Muscat Ottonel’ 16 Şt., ‘Pinot gris’ 14 Şt. and ‘Argessis’. The lack of correlation between expressions of induced and intrinsic osmotic adjustment indicated that induced osmotic adjustment expressed by K+ might use different mechanisms that are activated at the time of water stress with different levels of solute accumulation. Because the accumulation of K+ in the cells is important in all developmental stages and, in grape yield and quality, pollen responses to induced osmotic adjustment expressed by K+ could be used as a screening method, for establishing the level of drought sensitivity in the grape varieties under water stress.
Trees, seeds and seedlings analyses in the process of obtaining a quality planting material for black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.)
Authors: ROMAN Andrea M. , MORAR Irina M. , TRUTA Alina M. , DAN Catalina , SESTRAS Adriana F. , HOLONEC Liviu , IORAS Florin , SESTRAS Radu E.
Published: December 2020

Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) was among the first North-American tree species imported in Europe. In Romania, black locust has established itself as a forest tree appreciated for multiple uses. The objective of the hereby study was to identify a quality planting material at black locust using seeds from trees with superior traits from five stands geographically close, located in North-western of Romania. An empirical selection was done, thus trees with the most favourable traits were selected as plus trees. Among the averages of the main traits (tree height, diameter at breast height, basal area, self pruning trunk length, crown diameter) of the plus trees from the five stands, there were registered significant differences, and two stands stood out with a high biomass growth. Even if the stands had different ages (between 20-35 year), the age did not influence significantly the growth traits of the trees. The seeds of the plus trees (open-pollinated) from all the stands had large size (mean seed weight of 0.057 g/seed). The seedling emergence rate was high, especially in the solarium condition (between 52.7-73.7% compared with 33.0-41.3% in the field). Coefficient of genetic correlation and heritability calculated for the seedlings belongings to half-sib families highlighted that black locust breeding can be extremely effective by a proper selection.
Marco Regulatorio del Derecho de Autor en Colombia: Complementado y actualizado según la Ley 1915 de 2018
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Barreto Granada Piedad Lucía ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Ortiz López Carlos Alberto ,   Universidad Católica de Colombia, Peña Meléndez Wilson Libardo ,   Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Varón Cárdenas Diana Alexandra ,   Ministerio de Cultura de Colombia
Published: December 2020

El derecho de autor hace parte de aquellos sectores sujetos a una compleja condición de variabilidad marcada por nuevas creaciones y sus efectos en el mercado, por debates sobre la mercantilización de las obras versus el valor cultural que tienen, por los efectos de un mundo globalizado, en el cual garantizar la protección de las obras y a la vez obtener el mejor de los beneficios constituyen un reto en el que actores de diferentes disciplinas y sectores tienen interés. En este escenario, el presente libro ofrece un abordaje del derecho de autor a partir de los aspectos constitucional, civil, penal, disciplinario e internacional, y para cada una de estas miradas las referencias doctrinales, legales y jurisprudenciales son elementos básicos en el ejercicio de brindar un texto completo, actualizado y, en tal sentido, una herramienta útil para personas de diferente formación que comprenden la importancia y naturaleza trasversal e impacto que tiene un adecuado conocimiento del marco regulatorio del derecho de autor para fortalecer los procesos de creación, protección, difusión y comercialización de obras.
Tokens and Accounts in the Context of Digital Currencies
Authors: Lee Alexander , Malone Brendan , Wong Paul
Published: December 2020

This report provides an overview of two concepts that come up frequently in discussions of digital currencies: tokens and accounts. The meaning of each concept differs depending on context. For cryptocurrencies, the term "token" has a relatively straightforward, technology-specific definition. For central bank digital currencies (CBDC), the term "token" takes on more of a conceptual or analytical meaning. To further complicate matters, "tokens" and "accounts" are not always mutually exclusive ideas. This paper identifies areas where this terminology has caused confusion and explains why the terminology is problematic in an effort to improve the technical and conceptual discourse on digital currencies and the "tokenization" of financial assets.
Katonaerkölcsi értékek érvényesülése a Kratochvil Károly Honvéd Középiskola és Kollégiumban végzett növendékek életében
Authors: Bán Attila
Published: December 2020

A tanulmány a katonaerkölcsi értékek – a bajtársiasság, fegyelmezettség, a becsületesség – megjelenését, hasznosíthatóságát vizsgálja a Kratochvil Károly Honvéd Középiskola és Kollégiumban (KKHKK) 2015–2017 között érettségizett növendékek mindennapi életében. Elemzi a KKHKK-ban zajló katonai szocializációs nevelés sikerességét.
Az esztergomi katonai egészségügyi szolgálat története a 19. század elejétől 1918-ig
Authors: Süli Attila
Published: December 2020

Jelen tanulmányban az Esztergom városában működött katonai egészségügyi ellátás történetét mutatom be a 19. század elejétõl az első világháború végéig. A fenti időszakban a városban mindig állomásozott sorkatonaság, így az állomány orvosi kezelését biztosítani kellett. A 19. század elején katonai ispotály, az 1848–49-es szabadságharc alatt katonai kórház mûködött a Duna-parti városban. Az Osztrák–Magyar Monarchia időszakában a császári-királyi 26. közös gyalogezred volt a település alakulata, ahol a század végén csapatkórház létesült. Az első világháború négy évében a frontról érkező sebesültek és hadifoglyok számára tartalékkórházakat állítottak fel.
A globalização disseminou-se e é mais dissimulada e eficaz. A mudança passa por inverter a invisibilidade dos mais desfavorecidos
Authors: Sousa Vítor de
Published: December 2020

No final de 2019, para assinalar os 20 anos da publicação de Império, os seus autores, Michael Hardt (académico) e Antonio Negri (filósofo e ativista político, tendo estado preso por alegadamente pertencer às Brigadas Vermelhas), escreveram um ensaio na New Left Review, onde olham para as diferenças entre as épocas e analisam a forma como o processo de globalização se desenvolveu. O livro, pode afirmar-se, mantém-se atual na sua ideia-chave, já que a globalização continua, cada vez mais, a pontuar a ordem mundial. O seu desenvolvimento é mais dissimulado e, por conseguinte, mais eficaz. As forças de dominação e o controlo da ordem global de forma alguma diminuíram, apesar da posição muitas vezes histriónica dos ideólogos da soberania nacional...
Os refugiados em manifestos políticos presidenciais: entre silenciar e dar voz
Authors: Pinto Alexandra Guedes
Published: December 2020

A crise dos migrantes e refugiados na Europa do século XXI originou novas divergências no velho continente que colocam desafios difíceis à construção da identidade europeia. Classificada já como a maior crise migratória e humanitária do pós-guerra, a realidade dos migrantes e refugiados revelou uma Europa incapaz de responder ao problema com uma solução conjunta. Para além do aspeto humanitário, muitas vezes de contornos dramáticos explorados pelos média, o fenómeno é também motivo de fricções entre as instituições e os Estados-membro da União Europeia, ameaçando tornar-se o gatilho de uma crise política e de um novo equilíbrio de forças entre os Estados. Dada a centralidade que ganhou, a crise dos refugiados pode também ser perspetivada do ponto de vista do aproveitamento político por parte de diferentes fações, que dela extraem dividendos importantes para a sua própria territorialização. Discursos europeístas, de tolerância e aceitação, baseados nos ideais solidários do projeto europeu, coexistem com discursos extremistas, de tendência xenófoba e anti-integração. Na presente reflexão, analisamos a forma como o discurso político eleitoralista, do género textual manifesto político, codifica argumentativamente a questão dos refugiados, focalizando, para esse efeito, quatro dos manifestos eleitorais dos candidatos às eleições presidenciais portuguesas de 2016. A partir da caracterização do género seguindo a proposta de Adam (2001, pp. 40-41) das componentes semântica, composicional/estrutural, enunciativa, pragmática, estilística e fraseológica, metatextual, peritextual e material, confirmamos que existe, simultaneamente, unidade e diversidade nos exemplares analisados. Por um lado, uma unidade que permite reconhecer nos diferentes textos manifestações de um mesmo género; por outro lado, uma diversidade que traduz/produz efeitos na construção do ethos e nas estratégias discursivas e políticas de cada candidato. O tratamento da crise dos refugiados é justamente um dos temas cujo tratamento diverge substancialmente de manifesto para manifesto, revelando estratégias discursivas e políticas específicas.
Thermal Control of Capacitors and High Frequency Restrainers
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, Russia, Shpiganovich A. N. , Mamontov A. N. ,   PJSC Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant, Lipetsk, Russia, Boychevsky A. V. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, Russia
Published: December 2020

The article considers the features of the occurrence of violations in the high-voltage electrical network, as well as the thermal imaging control of capacitors and high-frequency traps, the number of monitored points of this electrical equipment, the diagnostics of 35 kV capacitors of the “ladle furnace” installation of converter shops with a description of the transient process in the event of a defect, battery elements, as well as design features of capacitors and high-frequency traps with voltage 110...220 kV, the tangent of dielectric loss angle tgδ, the values of active current and steady-state voltage were calculated, the results are summarized in the table. Based on the calculations, a method of thermal imaging control was formed with the considered terms for eliminating these defects; a conclusion about the need to control the elements of the power supply system was made.
The Development of a Virtual Installation Visualization Training System for Oil and Gas Industry
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Obukhov A. D. , Chebotov N. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Vekhteva N. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Patutin K. I. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Prokudina N. N. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: December 2020

In the context of the need to implement distance education and improve the quality of educational materials, an urgent problem is the development of modern means of representing knowledge and mastering the necessary competencies for students. As such means, it is possible to use virtual laboratory stands and installations that implement in three-dimensional space processes and objects corresponding to real equipment and production. This correspondence allows, using modern information technologies, to organize the educational process in a virtual space on various devices due to the cross-platform property of the Unity development environment. The paper presents the process of developing a visualization system using the example of a virtual installation for training specialists in the oil and gas industry. The structure of the system, used tools, software implementation is considered. The proposed approaches can be used to develop a wide range of virtual stands and installations.
The Solution of the Problem of Separating a Mixture of Polydisperse Particles of Different Shapes
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Kudi A. N. , Fedosov N. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Sergeev V. V. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Dolgunin V. N. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Tarakanov A. G. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: December 2020

A technology is proposed for the separation of particles by shape in a polydisperse granular material using the effects of particle interaction in a fast shear flow on a rough slope. The technology involves the fractionation of the initial mixture by the volume of particles using the segregation effect at the first stage and the calibration of the obtained particle fractions by weight using the effect of quasi-diffusion separation (migration) in the gravity flow at the second. The final stage involves the separation of particles by shape by sieve classification of fractions according to a key geometric parameter.