bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying the vehicle accident models based on driving behavior factors using structural equation modeling
Authors: Damayanti Fadila Ardi Putri , Arifin Muhammad Zainul , Sutikno Fauzul Rizal , Miftahulkhair Muh
Published: July 2024

The increase in population is accompanied by an increase in the number of vehicles. It is inevitable that the number of vehicle accidents will also increase, which can be caused by various factors. Driver factors reviewed in this study include socioeconomic characteristics, movement characteristics, accident characteristics, and driver behavior characteristics. the purpose of this study is to study the vehicle accident model using interviews and Driving Behavior questionnaires with a total of 307 motorist respondents who have experienced accidents. Driver factors reviewed in this study include socioeconomic characteristics, movement characteristics, accident characteristics, and driver behavior characteristics using interviews and Driving Behavior questionnaires with a total of 307 motorist respondents who have experienced accidents.
This investigate used SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) with SmartPLS computer software. Two-wheeled vehicle accident modeling results Y=–0.234 X1+0.153 X3+ei2; R2=0.102. The greatest influence occurs in the characteristics of driver behavior (X3), namely Ordinary Violation, and for four-wheeled vehicle accident modeling results, Y=–0.343 X1+0.284 X3+ei2; R2=0.217. The greatest influence occurs in driver behavior characteristics (X3), namely Ordinary Violation. Ordinary Violation is defined as a deliberate deviation from the rule of law.
Thus, from the research results, the most influential variable was the behavior of drivers who committed ordinary violations such as ignoring speed limits, breaking through intersections, and driving under the influence of alcohol. So, there needs to be collaboration between the police and related parties in tackling accidents and reducing the risk of traffic accidents, such as long as socialization or information through newspapers or electronic media to the public in Jayapura City regarding the importance of collective awareness of driving safety
Development of an algorithm for compressing aerospace images for the subsequent recognition and identification of various objects
Authors: Sarinova Assiya , Neftissov Alexandr , Rzayeva Leyla , Yessenov Alimzhan , Kirichenko Lalita , Kazambayev Ilyas
Published: July 2024

The object of study is the recognition and identification of various objects in aerospace images. To solve the problems of compressing hyperspectral aerospace images with losses, the development of a compression algorithm is proposed. As a result, an algorithm has been developed for compressing aerospace images for subsequent recognition and identification of various objects using wavelet transform for processing high- and medium-resolution space images when monitoring from remote sensing satellites, based on the use of structural features of object images. In particular, orthogonal and wavelet transforms are presented, adapted for compression of hyperspectral aerospace images with losses, an adaptive discrete cosine transform algorithm is presented, followed by quantization with a loss level and compression. Thanks to a series of experiments on hyperspectral aerospace images, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in terms of the degree of compression, as well as the characteristics of the limits of its applicability, can be highlighted. The use of wavelets provides progressive compression of the bitstream, which makes it possible to achieve lossless compression with minimal loss of information due to the modified Huffman algorithm with a compression ratio of 9 more than 2.5 times in existing algorithms, as well as the quality metric of the restored images, the peak signal-to-noise ratio is sufficiently below 32.56.
The developed compression algorithm demonstrates the effectiveness of its application in terms of a set of characteristics and is superior to analogues. The scope and conditions for the practical use of the results obtained is a comparison of the proposed algorithm with the results of experiments obtained for universal compression algorithms for archivers and a compressor
Identifying the influence of traffic management on vehicle emissions and the distribution of air dispersion in the Makassar port area
Authors: Ariati Ariati , Arifin Muhammad Zainul , Sutikno Fauzul Rizal , Bowoputro Hendi , Miftahulkhair Muh
Published: July 2024

Air pollution in several cities in Indonesia has been increasing significantly over the years. One of the primary triggers is the rise in motor vehicle activity. This increase is due to the improving economic conditions and the decreasing prices of motor vehicles. Vehicles produce various types of pollutants. The pollutants contained in vehicle exhaust gas are carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOx), sulfur (SOx) and dust (PM).
One of the busiest areas for motorized vehicle activity is the Makassar Port Area, which is the largest port in Eastern Indonesia. This area experiences high vehicle activity. The emissions reviewed in this research are CO (carbon monoxide) and NOX (nitrogen oxide) in the Makassar Port Area which is located on Jalan Nusantara, Jalan Sulawesi, Jalan Siswa Army, Dr. Wahidin Jalan Sudirohusodo, Jalan Sangir, Jalan Kalimantan, Jalan Sarappo, Jalan Banda, and Jalan Butung.
This research utilizes historical data on traffic volume, wind speed and direction, air humidity, air temperature, air pressure, solar radiation, cloud cover and surface height. Air dispersion analysis was carried out using AERMOD software. The highest emissions obtained were 67,121 μg/m3 for CO and 9,570 μg/m3 for NOx under existing conditions and after implementing traffic management measures, the highest emissions were reduced to 45,737 μg/m3 for CO and 7,217 μg/m3 for NOx. These results conclude that traffic management can reduce air pollution. Air dispersion is not only influenced by vehicle volume but also meteorological factors. This can be seen in the dispersion results. Where, the conditions before and after traffic management showed differences in terms of the distribution of air dispersion
Study of the identity of the polymorphic form of API – dapagliflosin derivative and of its permanency structure under the influence of the tableting process
Authors: Bohuslavskyi Yevhenii , Voskoboinikova Halyna , Goy Andriy , Shishkina Svetlana
Published: July 2024

The aim. To investigate the polymorphic structure of the API – Dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate and to reveal the absence of an effect of the tabletting process on the polymorphic structure of the API in model compositions of tablets.
Materials and methods. Model mixtures of API - dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate and excipients were studied. The research used the method of designing pharmaco-technological parameters of solid dosage forms, the method of quantum-chemical modelling of the mechanical properties of polymorphic modifications of APIs, the modelling of shear deformation, the nanoindentation method, the Rietveld method for calculating X-ray patterns, X-ray structural analysis of API and selected model compositions of tablets.
Results. The polymorphic structure of API - dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate and its polymorphic structure in selected model compositions of tablets produced by the pressing method were studied and analyzed. An X-ray structural study was carried out, and the qualitative and phase composition of samples and polymorphic modifications of API and model series of tablets were determined. According to the results of the X-ray structural analysis, it was established that there is no polymorphic transition and that the polymorphic structure of API is invariant under the influence of pressing pressure, which ensures the quality of the tablet form.
Conclusions. The design of an experimental study was determined based on the application of the QbD concept, design of experiments – DoE, for designing and ensuring a high-quality technological process – tabletting of API - Dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate and excipients.
To manage a critical technological parameter - the stability of the polymorphic structure of the API, which guarantees the quality of the tablet form, its bioavailability and bioequivalence, it is necessary to use a set of methods for studying structural changes and polymorphic modifications of the API during the tableting process.
According to the results of the X-ray structural study of API and selected model compositions of tablets, it was established that during the process of tabletting under pressure, the structure of the polymorphic modification of dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate does not change, and no polymorphic transition is observed
Computer-aided rational design and synthesis of new potential antihypertensive agents among 1,2,3-triazole-containing nifedipine analogs
Authors: Kyrychenko Alexander , Bylov Igor , Geleverya Anna , Kovalenko Sergiy , Zhuravel Iryna , Fetyukhin Volodymyr , Langer Thierry
Published: July 2024

1,2,3-Triazole-containing Nifedipine analogues offer the opportunity to increase biostability, bioavailability, efficacy and binding selectivity to target receptors. Here, we applied a computer-aided rational design for identifying new Nifedipine analogues containing a 1,2,3-triazole moiety. First, a new chemical library of 796 derivatives combining the DHP fragment and 1,2,3-triazole moiety was generated. Second, to reduce the library size, the library was pre-filtered using two 3D-pharmacophore models with different complexity, which allowed us to gradually reduce the chemical space, ending up with 26 hit candidates. Molecular docking calculations against the rCav1.1 receptor allowed the identification of eight derivatives 5a-h, characterized by the binding affinity towards the rCav1.1 receptor of the same level as approved Nifedipine-like drugs. Next, our molecular docking results were used to guide and optimize the retrosynthetic approaches for new analogues of Nifedipine as promising antihypertensive agents. So, a retrosynthetic approach for Nifedipine analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole ring in position 4 was proposed. Finally, eight analogues 5a-h determined by molecular docking calculations were synthesized using the suggested retrosynthetic approach.
The aim of this study is to identify new Nifedipine analogues using a computer-aided drug design and a retrosynthetic approach.
Materials and Methods. The organic synthesis of new Nifedipine analogues containing a 1,2,3-triazole moiety. Computer-aided drug design of new DHP derivatives using pharmacophore screening and molecular docking calculations.
Results. Molecular docking of new Nifedipine analogues made it possible to estimate the binding affinity of new Nifedipine derivatives to the rCav1.1 receptor. Pharmacophore screening of a chemical library of analogues, consisting of 796 derivatives, allowed gradually reducing the chemical space and obtaining 26 candidates with high affinity to the rCav1.1 receptor. Using the method of molecular docking, eight hits 5a-h were identified, and the synthesis of the recommended compounds was proposed and performed.
Conclusions. The results of molecular docking showed that Nifedipine analogues are characterized by binding affinity to the rCav1.1 receptor at the same level as approved Nifedipine-like drugs. Pharmacophore screening and molecular docking calculations indicate key features of the ligand-receptor interaction that can guide and optimize the synthesis of new Nifedipine analogues as promising new antihypertensive agents. A retrosynthetic approach was proposed, and the recommended compounds were synthesized
Organization of professional communication in social work
Authors: Hryntsiv Mariana , Zubrytskyi Igor
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the key concepts of "communication" and "professional communication" from the point of view of an activity approach, because communication not only activates the consciousness of the subject, but also provides rational knowledge regarding the choice of social goals and means of their achievement. The specificity of the social work specialist's communicative activity is determined, which is aimed at changing individuals, groups and other social systems, at the development of one's own personality, colleagues and clients. The analysis of communication technologies taking place in social work is shown. The peculiarities of the communicative potential of social work, the improvement of the efficiency of professional communication, the identification of signs of communication in social work in the conditions of the information society, the identification of the most demanded mechanisms of interaction, the clarification of new functions and professional roles of social workers are analyzed. The need to update the principles and methods of communicative activity in social work, the approval of new communication technologies in accordance with the dynamics of social relations, the level of development of technical capabilities and the needs of modern society are substantiated.
Special attention is paid to Internet communication, its advantages and limitations, problems and prospects of using the latest communication technologies are determined. Emphasis is placed on the system of social assistance, which does not always respond to the challenges of the times in a timely manner. One of the reasons for this situation is that the communicative potential of social work, which includes the development, adaptation, and implementation of various technologies for organizing professional interaction in social work, is insufficiently researched and used. New studies of the possibilities of organization and directions of development of professional communication in the activity of a specialist in the social sphere in modern conditions are considered
Ana dili Öğretiminde Kullanılan Ölçme Değerlendirme Yöntemleri Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz: İtalya ve Türkiye Örneği
Authors: Ulu Aslan Emine
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışmada ortaokullarda ana dili öğretiminde kullanılan ölçme-değerlendirme yöntemlerine ve araçlarına ilişkin karşılaştırmalı bir analiz yapmak amaçlanmıştır. Veriler, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığı ile 16’sı İtalyanca 18’i Türkçe olmak üzere toplamda 34 öğretmenin verdiği yanıtlardan toplanmıştır. İçerik analizi ile elde edilen bulgular; iki ülke arasında okuma, yazma, dinleme ve konuşma olmak üzere dil beceri alanlarında ve dil bilgisi öğretiminde ölçme-değerlendirmenin amacına, sürecine ve sonucuna ilişkin benzerliklerin yanında önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir. Bulgulardan hareketle, Türkçe öğretmenlerinin ana dili öğretiminde başvurdukları ölçme-değerlendirme yöntemleri ile ders materyalleri ve ortak sınavlar arasındaki uyumsuzluklardan dolayı sorun yaşadıkları, salt bu yöntemlerden yararlanmanın öğrenme sürecini ve öğrencinin akademik başarısını geliştirmeye yeterli olmadığı; İtalyanca öğretmenlerinin ise ölçme-değerlendirme sürecini daha disiplinlerarası ve kapsayıcı değerlendirdikleri, tercih ettikleri ölçme-değerlendirme araçlarının sosyal-bilişsel bağlamına dikkat ettikleri ve süreçteki boşlukların öğretmenin farkındalığı ile doldurabileceğine inandıkları sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca öğretmenler tarafından ölçeme-değerlendirme sürecine yönelik öneriler getirilmiştir.
Fıkıh-Tefsir İlişkisi Açısından Ahkâm Âyetlerinde Yorum Farklılıklarının Nedenleri
Authors: Demir Hasan
Published: July 2024

Müslümanların gerek maddi gerekse manevi bütün problemlerde ilk müracaat kaynağı olan Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in ibâdat, muâmelât, münâkehât ve ukûbât gibi fıkhî alanlarla ilgili hüküm bildiren âyetlerine en genel anlamda ahkâm âyetleri denilmektedir. Bunların kesin olarak sayısının kaç olduğu ihtilaflıdır. Zira sayının beş yüz olduğunu ifade edenler olduğu gibi iki yüz olduğunu ifade edenler de bulunmaktadır. İlk dönemlerden itibaren hüküm ihtiva eden âyetlerin tefsiriyle, müfessirler dışında özel olarak fukahâ da ilgilenmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu sahanın tefsir ve fıkıh ilminin ortak sahası olduğu söylenebilir. Bu minvalde hem müfessirlerin hem de fukahânın ahkâm âyetlerinin ifade ettiği manalar ile ilgili çeşitli görüşler ileri sürdükleri ve bu görüşlerin bir kısmının da yer yer birbirinden farklılık arz ettiği müşahede edilmektedir. Nitekim Hz. Peygamber’in irtihalinden sonra sahâbe arasında da ahkâm âyetlerinin bir kısmının hangi manayı ihtiva ettiği hususunda ihtilâfların meydana geldiği ve aynı âyetlerle ilgili farklı fikirlerin ileri sürüldüğü bilinmektedir. İhtilâfların meydana geldiği sahâbeden ve tabiin neslinden itibaren müfessirlerin ve fukahânın hüküm içeren âyetlerin tefsirinde zaman zaman birbirinden farklı yorumlar yapmasında birçok faktörün etkin rolü bulunmaktadır. Kur’ân-Kerîm’in ve onun dili olan Arapçanın sahip olduğu ifade zenginliğinin de farklı yorumların ortaya çıkmasına zemin hazırladığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi metodu kullanılarak ahkâm âyetlerinin farklı yorumlanmasında etkili olan birtakım sebepler üzerinde durulacaktır.
Clima de Segurança do Paciente na Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil: revisão integrativa
Authors: Brandão Monte Mor Larissa , Francisco Farah Beatriz , Palitot da Silva Izabella , Ribeiro Araújo Camila , Silva Alvim André Luiz , Ribeiro de Faria Luciane , Silva Dutra Herica
Published: July 2024

Justificativa e Objetivos: embora a Atenção Primária à Saúde tenha papel central no contexto brasileiro, grande parte das pesquisas que avaliam a cultura e o clima de segurança tem enfoque no âmbito hospitalar e poucas investigações sobre essa temática exploram essa realidade, justificando a elaboração deste estudo. Dessa forma, objetivou-se identificar as características do clima de segurança do paciente em serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil. Métodos: estudo de revisão integrativa. As bases de dados MEDLINE via PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL e SciELO foram utilizadas para busca das publicações. Resultados: foram selecionados nove artigos, que relataram sobre o clima de segurança negativo na Atenção Primária à Saúde. As cinco classes geradas no dendrograma se dividem em duas categorias principais: (1) Cuidado à saúde seguro na Atenção Primária à Saúde; e (2) Avaliação do clima de segurança do paciente nos serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Comunicação, aprendizagem organizacional e trabalho em equipe foram citados como potencializadores do cuidado à saúde seguro. Os Agentes Comunitários de Saúde apresentaram percepção mais negativa do clima de segurança. As condições de trabalho e o suporte da gerência foram avaliados negativamente. Conclusão: o fortalecimento do clima de segurança nos serviços primários de saúde favorece a qualidade da assistência e o cuidado à saúde seguro.
COVID-19 grave en el contexto de una población vacunada: Estudio de casos y controles
Authors: Díaz Muñoz Irving , Medina-Gómez Oswaldo Sinoe , Julian-Bello Gonzalo Ivan
Published: July 2024

Justificación y Objetivos: Desde su aparición en 2019, se han identificado múltiples factores de riesgo para presentar una forma grave de COVID-19 y también se han desarrollado distintas vacunas que previenen la aparición de manifestaciones de gravedad. Sin embargo, a pesar del antecedente de vacunación, algunos casos se complican o incluso fallecen. El objetivo del este estudio fue determinar la fuerza de asociación entre la gravedad de la COVID-19 con el antecedente de vacunación en pacientes atendidos en un hospital público de referencia de la Ciudad de México. Métodos: Estudio epidemiológico no experimental, retrospectivo y analítico, de casos y controles. La población de estudio fueron personas atendidas en un hospital de concentración para la atención de COVID-19 entre el 1 de julio de 2021 y el 30 de junio de 2022 en la Ciudad de México. Resultados: 132 participantes (44 casos y 88 controles) fueron incluidos en el estudio. Los factores de riesgo más fuertemente asociados con la gravedad de la COVID-19 fueron la edad mayor o igual a 60 años, presentar 22 respiraciones por minuto en la primera valoración médica, tensión arterial sistólica mayor o igual a 140 milímetros de mercurio y el antecedente de al menos una comorbilidad crónica. No obstante, el antecedente de vacunación se asoció con 94% (RM 0.06) menos posibilidades de desarrollar COVID-19 grave con respecto a aquellos sin antecedente vacunal, independientemente de la presencia de los factores de riesgo asociados. Conclusión: carecer del antecedente de vacunación y presentar alguno de los factores de riesgo identificados confieren las mayores posibilidades de presentar formas graves de la enfermedad.
Prescrição antimicrobiana e resistência bacteriana em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Brasileira
Authors: Collares Meirelles Lucia , Milani Martins Vera Lúcia , Pilger Diogo
Published: July 2024

Justificativa e Objetivos: a resistência antimicrobiana é uma das principais preocupações de saúde pública em todo o mundo. As Unidades de Terapia Intensiva têm uma alta prevalência de microorganismos resistentes e infecções, e o uso racional de antibióticos é uma das principais estratégias para lidar com esse problema. Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever padrões associados a medicamentos antimicrobianos, bem como o perfil de resistência dos microorganismos. Métodos: foi realizado um estudo observacional utilizando dados de pacientes hospitalizados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva que utilizaram agentes antimicrobianos. Resultados: causas respiratórias e cardiológicas foram os motivos mais frequentes de admissão, com cefalosporinas (29,02%), penicilina (25,84%) e macrolídeos (16,10%) sendo as classes de antibióticos mais utilizadas. Os microorganismos predominantes foram Klebsiella pneumoniae (13,98%), Staphylococcus aureus (13,44%) e Acinetobacter baumannii (11,83%). Culturas de urina e aspirado traqueal foram os testes de cultura com maior crescimento de microorganismos gram-negativos. Pacientes com bactérias isoladas no aspirado traqueal tiveram internações mais longas; 20 pacientes tiveram culturas de vigilância positivas; e a taxa de mortalidade encontrada foi de 55,45%. Conclusão: o estudo combinou o perfil epidemiológico da instituição com características dos pacientes, microorganismos isolados e resultados.
Extraterritoriale Schutzpflichten und ihre Entfaltung – dargestellt am Beispiel des Schwangerschaftsabbruchs im Kontext der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit
Authors: Fontana Sina , Lang Lorenz
Published: July 2024

Bei extraterritorialem Handeln stellen sich Fragen nach der Geltung grundrechtlicher Schutzpflichten. Wenn Projekte im Rahmen der Entwicklungsarbeit die Verwirklichung sexueller und reproduktiver Gesundheit und Rechte fördern, ist der deutschen Staat auch bei seinem auswärtigen Handeln mit dem Grundrechtskonflikt bei einem Schwangerschaftsabbruch konfrontiert. Allerdings verfolgen manche Partnerländer ein liberaleres Regelungskonzept als die Bundesrepublik. Eine schlichte Übertragung der für Inlandssachverhalte aufgestellten Maßstäbe zur Auflösung der Kollisionslage zwischen dem Schutz des ungeborenen Lebens und den Rechten der schwangeren Person entspricht dabei weder der Extraterritorialität des Handelns noch der Genese der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit. Vielmehr unterliegen Entstehung, Inhalt und Kontrolldichte grundrechtlicher Schutzpflichten bei extraterritorialem Handeln modifizierenden Faktoren. Hiervon ausgehend werden zunächst generelle Maßstäbe der extraterritorialen Grundrechtsbindung entwickelt. Sodann erfolgt deren Entfaltung am Beispiel des Schwangerschaftsabbruchs im Kontext der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit in Südafrika.
REGULATION OF THE LEGAL PRACTITIONERS’ FIDELITY FUND INVESTMENTS IN NAMIBIA
Authors: Awarab Marvin
Published: July 2024

In the Namibian context, the Legal Practitioners’ Fidelity Fund is created by statute, and is administered by a board of control known as the Legal Practitioners’ Fidelity Fund Board of Control.1 In terms of the law, the Board of Control (the Board) has the mandate to invest moneys of the fund from time to time if, in the opinion of the Board, such funds are not immediately required for other purposes.2 Market failures are continuously experienced globally, and may lead to failed investments. This reality requires investors to take proper steps to ensure that their investments are sound. The soundness of an investment rests in the possibility of increasing investment returns and reducing possible risk of investment failure. The Legal Practitioners Act does not provide any steps to follow to guard against the failure of fidelity fund investments. The Act also fails to indicate the extent to which the Board or any other person may be held accountable for failed investments. The Rules of the Law Society of Namibia are equally silent on this matter. This article seeks to investigate the extent to which the Board may be held liable for any failed investments. The article also attempts to establish various steps that should be followed by the Board to prevent or avoid the failure of fidelity fund investments.
INTERROGATING THE RIGHT TO BASIC EDUCATION OF UNDOCUMENTED CHILDREN IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CALL FOR THEIR EXCLUSION FROM PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Mutu Perekeme
Published: July 2024

The right to basic education is recognised as a fundamental human right that is guaranteed to everyone, including undocumented children under international and domestic law. However, the question needs to be asked whether this right extends to undocumented children living in South Africa when, at the start of every academic calendar, tales of children being denied enrolment in public schools owing to a lack of required identification or birth certificates dominate the media space. Apparent legal contradictions, a lack of proper understanding of extant laws protecting the right to basic education, and a lack of effective cooperation among stakeholders in the education section have continued to affect access to basic education for undocumented children in South Africa. This article reflects on the right to basic education of undocumented children in the context of the legality of the lingering call for the exclusion of undocumented children from public schools in South Africa.
Which is the fairest of them all?
Authors: Rosola Martina
Published: July 2024

Gender-unfair language gives rise to injustice towards both women and non-binary people. Different strategies have been proposed to overcome this injustice, but which is the “best”? In this paper, I will approach this question from a normative perspective, taking into account practical and ethical aspects. I’ll first assess the feasibility and redundancy of the various strategies. Through this lens, no strategy stands out as the best, but each is best suited for specific contexts. I thus argue for a pluralistic approach relying on multiple strategies. I further propose to combine more of them in the same text. This solution is the most efficient, but not the fairest: when considering ethical aspects, most strategies turn out inadequate. Only gender-neutral paraphrases, namely what I call “conservative neutrality”, are truly fair both towards women and non-binary people. I conclude by proposing an adjustment to such a strategy to counterbalance its practical shortcomings. Whether such a proposal will be taken on board by speakers is an empirical question that goes beyond the scope of this paper: my goal here is to provide reasons that could guide speakers’ decisions rather than arguing for which strategies are more likely to spread.
Orta Asya Devletlerinin Radikalizm ve Terörizm Algısı
Authors: Kaya Emrah
Published: July 2024

Dünyada artan ve küreselleşen terörizm, devletler ve bölgeler için önemli tehdit kaynakları arasındadır. Günümüzde terörizm, özellikle radikal dini argümanlar üzerinden yükseliştedir. Radikal dini terörizm, farklı inanç grubundaki ülkeleri ve toplumları hedef alırken ayrıca dini bir yönetim inşa edilmesi için laik sistemi benimsemiş olan devletleri ve toplumları da hedef almaktadır. Bu noktada terör örgütlerinin hedeflerinden biri nüfusunun önemli bir kısmı Müslüman olsa da laik yönetim anlayışını benimseyen Orta Asya devletleridir. Buna karşılık Orta Asya devletleri, çeşitli terör örgütlerine karşı mücadele etmeye çalışmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bölge devletleri belirli dönemlerde çeşitli listeler yayınlayarak ülke topraklarında faaliyetleri yasak olan örgütleri dünyaya duyurmaktadır. Bu çalışmada devletlerin yayınladıkları listeler ve terörizm ile radikalizm algıları analiz edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Yedi Yıl Savaşlarında Rus Ordusu (1756-1763)
Authors: Yüksel Sinan
Published: July 2024

Yedi Yıl Savaşları Prusya Kralı II. Frederick’in saldırgan politikasından ve İngiltere ile Fransa’nın sömürge topraklarındaki çekişmelerinden ortaya çıkan uzun soluklu bir savaştır. Rusya bu savaşa Doğu Prusya topraklarını alabilmek ve Baltık kıyılarını ele geçirebilmek adına Prusya karşıtı olan tarafta Avusturya ve Fransa’nın yanında dâhil olmuştur. Savaşta Rusya, Doğu Prusya’yı ve Baltık kıyılarını ele geçirmiştir. Müttefikler arasında yaşanan görüş ayrılıkları Prusya’nın kesin olarak yenilmesine ve savaştan çekilmesine engel olmuştur. Fransa ve Avusturya Rusya’nın büyük kazanımlar elde edip güçlenmesini istemediler. Çariçe Yelizaveta döneminde tüm imkânlarını savaş için seferber eden ve epeyce başarı yakalayan Rusya, Çariçenin ölümü sonrasında tahta çıkan Prusya hayranı III. Petro’nun, II. Frederick ile imzaladığı barış antlaşmasıyla savaştan çekilmiş ve yapılan barış antlaşmasıyla da savaşta elde ettiği tüm kazanımlarından vazgeçmiştir.
Correspondence of Dinosaur Figure in Sculpture
Authors: Çekderi Arif
Published: July 2024

Animal figures have been a subject of art for ages. However, dinosaurs, which are extinct animals, were included in art history relatively recently. The first fossils were discovered in the early 1800s in England, sparking increased interest in these creatures. Dinosaurs were introduced to art history through sculpture, with sculptures installed in public parks to depict their appearance. As a result, the image of dinosaurs was created through the art of sculpture and painting. This intersection of science and art has once again emphasized the importance of sculpture. The concept of dinosaurs permeates various aspects of our lives, from playgrounds to the film industry. This study endeavors to elucidate a topic that often eludes attention yet persists within the realm of sculpture art. Through this endeavor, the aim is to augment the scholarly discourse within the field.
Yeniden Refah Partisi: Kuramsal Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Demir Oğuz , Kıvrak Ensar
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışma, yaklaşık son yetmiş yılda Türk siyasetine damga vurmuş Millî Görüş Hareketi’nin son temsilcisi olan Yeniden Refah Partisi’ni konu edinmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı Yeniden Refah Partisi’ni siyasi partilerin doğuş teorileri, siyasi parti tipolojileri ve kurumsallaşma bağlamında değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada ilk olarak partinin ortaya çıkışında rol oynayan temel etmenler, partinin temel değerleri, ideolojisi ve tarihsel arka planına değinilecektir. Ardından siyasi partilerin kuramsal olarak açıklanmasında kullanılan doğuş teorileri, parti tipolojileri ve kurumsallaşması konuları etrafında Yeniden Refah Partisi’nin kuramsal bir değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.
Tıbbi Sekreterlerin Öfkeli Hasta ve Hasta Yakınlarıyla İletişim Becerisi: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: Güner Kibaroğlu Gamze , Samancı Simge , Basım H. Nejat
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, tıbbi sekreterlerin öfkeli hasta ve hasta yakınlarıyla kurdukları iletişimdeki becerilerini belirleyebilmeye yönelik bir ölçüm aracı geliştirmektir. Çalışma devlet ve özel sağlık kuruluşlarının poliklinik, klinik, acil servis, ameliyathane, danışma ve hasta kabul birimlerinde çalışan 624 tıbbi sekreterden anket yöntemiyle elde edilen verilerin analiziyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan keşfedici faktör analizi sonucunda ölçeğin (1) Olumlu Yaklaşım, (2) Etkili Mesaj Oluşturma, (3) Öfkeyi Öngörme ve Farkındalık ve (4) Öfkeyi Yönetme olarak isimlendirilen 4 faktör altında yer alan 19 maddeden oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra ölçeğin varyans yapısı ve kovaryans ilişkileri dikkate alınarak yapı geçerliliği, ölçüt bağımlı geçerlilik ve iç tutarlılık analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan tüm bu analizler sonucunda, geliştirilmiş olan ölçeğin, geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğuna ilişkin yeterli kanıtlara ulaşılmıştır.
Türkiye’deki Büyükşehirlerin Konut Su Tarife Yapısının Farklı Ülkeler ile Karşılaştırılmalı Olarak İncelenmesi
Authors: Polat Ezgi , Ekergil Vedat , Kavak Sedi
Published: July 2024

Su tarifeleri, geniş su yönetimi çerçevesinin bir parçasını oluşturmaktadır. Su tarifeleri, kullanıcılar için ödenebilirliği, kamu hizmetleri için finansal sürdürülebilirliği etkilemekte ve kullanıcıların tüketim davranışlarını belirlemektedir. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle Türkiye’deki 30 büyükşehir belediyesinin su tarifeleri kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Söz konusu tarifeler ile su hizmetleri arasındaki tüketim-gelir ilişkisi karşılaştırılarak büyükşehirler arasındaki farklılıklar ortaya konulmuştur. Daha sonra, Türkiye gibi hızla büyüyen şehir merkezlerine sahip olan Güney Afrika, Vietnam, Singapur, Avustralya, Danimarka, Fransa’nın su tarifelerinin; hangi ekonomik, politik ve sosyal faktörlere göre düzenlendiği belirlenmiş ve bu faktörlerin su hizmetlerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, büyükşehirlerin su tarifelerine dayanarak oluşturulan hipotezler çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Ek olarak büyükşehirlerin konut su tarifeleri hem kendi aralarında hem de bazı ülke büyükşehirleri ile karşılaştırmalı olarak detaylı bir şekilde analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak Türkiye’deki büyükşehirlerin atık su bedelini dünyadaki büyükşehir örneklerine göre doğru bir şekilde yansıtamadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca Türkiye’deki büyükşehirlerin tarife yaklaşımının Asya, Afrika ve Kuzey Amerika kıtasındaki büyükşehirler ile benzerlik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Bir kamu binasının binaların yangından korunması yönetmeliği çerçevesinde incelemesi: Örnek bir uygulama
Authors: Çavuşoğlu İbrahim , Işık Hale
Published: July 2024

Türkiye'de, tarih boyunca bina yangınları sıklıkla yaşanmış, ciddi kayıplara neden olmuş ve bu durum günümüzde de devam etmektedir. Ancak, yangın güvenlik önlemlerinin alınmasıyla bu kayıpların büyük ölçüde önlenebileceği bilimsel bir gerçektir. Ülkemizde 2007'de çıkarılan "Binaların Yangından Korunması Hakkında Yönetmelik" (BYKHY) ile mevcut binaların bu yönetmeliklere uygun hale getirilmesi ve yeni binaların bu standartlara göre inşa edilmesi, bina yangınlarının büyük ölçüde engellenmesine yardımcı olabilir. Güvenli bir çalışma sistemi için, tüm yangından korunma sisteminin periyodik olarak test edilmesi gerekir, böylece sistem acil bir durumda daha iyi çalışır. Bu çalışmada, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Doğa Bilimleri Fakültesi (MDBF) binasının yönetmelikte belirtilen kriterlere uygunluğu 14 farklı başlıkta incelenmiştir. Ayrıca eksiklik olan başlıklarda Fine Kinney metodu uygulanarak risk analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. İncelemeler sonrasında binanın 5 başlıkta yönetmelikte belirtilen kriterleri karşıladığı, diğer 9 başlıklarda ise bazı eksiklikler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan risk analizi özellikle kaçış merdivenleri, acil durum aydınlatması, kazan dairesi, dış kaçış merdivenleri ve hidrant sistemi gibi alanların çok yüksek riskler içerdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışma bir kamu binasında belirlenen çok yüksek ve yüksek risk seviyelerinin azaltılması veya kabul edilebilir düzeye indirilmesi için gerekli önlemlerin alınması hususunda vurgu yapmaktadır.
SIGNIFICANCE OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE INFORMATIONAL STATE
Authors: Balan Sergii ,   Institute of State and Law named after V. M. Koretsky National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The main focus of research efforts is aimed at finding institutional criteria, which allows classifying a certain state as an informational state, distinguishing it from the abstract concept of an information society. The purpose of the publication is to determine the fundamental role of political institutions in the establishment of an informational state and to identify current approaches to its constitution in the political sphere. The author investigates the essence and role of institutions in the state and society, as well as their influence on the political process. It is argued that effective political institutions are particularly important for the functioning of democratic political regimes, as they must ensure that public institutions act clearly in line with their legal powers complying with the principles of transparency and accountability. The article describes one of the first attempts to measure an indicator of the state’s «informationality», which was carried out by the Tokyo Research Institute RITE. The article highlights the process of institutionalization of the information society within the boundaries of the European Union. It has been traced that measures to institutionalize the information state on the European continent began at the end of the 1990s. They implied development and adoption of strategic documents to determine the principles of state policy in the field of information management and implementation. Further steps to formalize the institutions of the informational state included liberalization of telecommunications and normative consolidation of social guarantees for citizens.
FEATURES OF INFORMATION POLICY IN THE EUROPEAN INTEGRATION PROCESS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Leshyk Svyatoslav ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The features of information policy in the process of European integration of Ukraine are analyzed. It is well-founded that the problem of political information in the European integration process of Ukraine is at the center of the search for the informatization of Ukrainian society. It is argued that in order to solve these issues, it is necessary to evaluate legislation and scientific and practical developments and research in the field of information policy of Ukraine. A comparison of the law of the EU and Ukraine is shown, as well as an analysis of the prospects for European integration of Ukraine in the information sphere. Accordingly, the question arises of the lack of proper practice and effectiveness of information policy in the process of European integration of Ukraine. By comparing the experience of the EU and Ukraine, it is shown that the study of information policy in the context of European integration is urgent in the context of war, as it helps to understand how policymakers can reduce the digital divide, promote digital integration and encourage digital innovation to increase competitiveness, employment and societal well-being. The development of an effective information policy in the context of European integration requires an understanding of the legislative and regulatory framework that regulates the introduction and spread of digital technologies in Europe.
Machine learning opportunities to predict obstetric haemorrhages
Authors: Boldina Yu. S. , Ivshin A. A.
Published: July 2024

Obstetric hemorrhages (OH) are the main preventable cause of morbidity, mortality and cases of "near miss" among obstetric complications worldwide. Early preventive measures based on the OH prediction allow to profoundly reduce the rate of female mortality and morbidity as well as prevent the economic costs of patient intensive care, blood transfusion, surgical treatment and long-term hospitalization. Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the most frequent obstetric haemorrhage determined by one of the four causes: a uterine tonus disorder, maternal birth trauma, retention of placenta parts and blood-clotting disorder. There is still a need for the continued search for an accurate and reliable prediction method despite multiple attempts to develop an effective system for predicting OH. The solution to this may be reasonably considered an innovative method such as artificial intelligence (AI) including computer technologies capable of obtaining conclusions similar to human thinking. One of the particular AI variants is presented by machine learning (ML), which develops accurate predictive models using computer analysis. Machine learning is based on computer algorithms, the most common among them in medicine are the decision tree (DT), naive Bayes classifier (NBC), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANNs), deep neural network (DNN) or deep learning (DL) and convolutional neural network (CNN). Here, we review the main stages of ML, the principles of algorithms action, and the prospects for using AI to predict OH in real-life clinical practice.
Jurisdiction of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea in Terms of Giving Advisory Opinions and Prospects of the Delivery thereof on Combating Climate Change
Authors: Bekyashev Damir K. , Umrikhina Elizaveta G.
Published: July 2024

On 25 September 2023, the landmark request for an advisory opinion addressing issues of State responsibility for the ongoing climate crisis took a new turn — oral hearings were concluded in the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS). The article explores on what exactly rests the jurisdiction of the Tribunal, allowing it to issue the sought advisory opinion. The article outlines the main arguments, presented by the States parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which question the conclusiveness of ITLOS’s jurisdiction to some extent. The article reveals that despite a very debatable nature of the aforementioned advisory jurisdiction of the full Tribunal, it is highly probable that ITLOS will eventually formulate the sought opinion given that the subject matter of the case is quite resonant. The authors also argue on the potential influence the climaterelated advisory opinions of international judicial organs may have on the development of international law.
Globalisation in the Gavel: Unveiling the Transformation of Poland’s Judiciary and the Lawyers’ Perspective in the Age of Interconnectedness
Authors: Lipiec Stanisław
Published: July 2024

The study presents a comprehensive, scientific and research-orientated analysis of the impact of globalisation on the Polish judiciary, with a specific focus on the experiences and adaptations of Polish lawyers. It delves into the integration and challenges of applying international legal norms, particularly European Union law, within the Polish legal framework. The research methodology includes qualitative interviews and a thorough review of legislative developments, providing a methodological approach to understand the phenomenon. The report identifies the adaptation of Polish legal professionals to globalisation of law as a significant scientific problem, justifying the need for a deeper exploration of this issue. It posits the main thesis that the Polish judiciary is undergoing a transformative phase, influenced significantly by international legal principles, but faces challenges in the complete assimilation of these norms. The purpose of this research is to shed light on the nuanced process of legal globalisation within a national context, focusing on the role of legal professionals in this transition. The originality of the research lies in its detailed examination of Polish lawyers’ perspectives, a relatively underexplored aspect in the existing literature. The scope of the research is both national and European Union focused, with implications for international legal studies. Its cognitive value extends beyond academic discourse, offering practical insights for legal practitioners and policymakers in Poland and similar jurisdictions undergoing legal globalisation. The findings contribute significantly to the understanding of the socio-legal dynamics at play in the context of global legal integration.
Electronic Evidence in Civil Proceedings on the Background of Comparative Law
Authors: Nowak Mariusz
Published: July 2024

Constant technological development changes all aspects of human life. The digital revolution has created many new opportunities for obtaining and presenting evidence, irretrievably changing the taking of evidence. As a result of increasing computerization, the civil process has become more streamlined – its speed and quality have improved. The role of modern technologies is manifested, among others, by the possibility of taking evidence proceedings with the use of devices transmitting images and sounds or the possibility of using data and information recorded in electronic form in court. The consequence is the presence of electronic evidence. In Polish legal literature, the issue of electronic evidence has been taken up for the purposes of criminal trial and forensics. However, there have not been many studies in the field of civil proceedings, despite the fact that the evidence in question is deeply rooted in civil cases and has long been used in evidence proceedings. Due to the title issue, it was necessary to formulate its definition for the purposes of civil proceedings. The author indicated the place of electronic evidence in the legal system and came to the conclusion that it would be worth considering separating them as an independent means of evidence due to the significant differences between it and other types of evidence and their complex nature. The considerations made confirm the belief that electronic evidence should be distinguished as a separate type of evidence, because their admissibility should be examined on an individual basis, and the lack of detailed regulations may create numerous practical problems.
Exposing a Person to a Direct Risk of Loss of Life or Serious Damage to Health as a Result of Failure to Act by the Guarantor: Commentary on the Judgment of the Supreme Court of 4 January 2020 (III KK 411/21, LEX no. 3287205)
Authors: Liszewska Agnieszka
Published: July 2024

In the commented judgment, the Polish Supreme Court assumed that the result of the offense under Article 160 of the Penal Code may also be the maintenance of a state of imminent threat of death or serious damage to health in a situation where the perpetrator is the guarantor and his act consists in the failure to act required in the given circumstances. It is difficult to agree with this view, given the meaning of the concept of effect in criminal law, according to which it is a state separate from the perpetrator’s behavior, constituting a specific and objectively noticeable change in the surrounding reality. Therefore, the assessment of the occurrence of the effect should be separated from the assessment of the act itself as threatening human life or health. If the immediate threat to human life or health persists due to the failure to act by the guarantor, the determination of the effect requires the determination of the extent to which this condition could be reduced if the guarantor complied with the obligation to act.
Management of Municipal Waste during the Geopolitical Crisis from the Point of View of the Commune Budget in Poland
Authors: Glumińska-Pawlic Jadwiga , Gwóźdź Tomasz
Published: July 2024

The article aims to present the problem of paying for municipal waste management in the face of the influx of refugees caused by the war in Ukraine. The number of people residing in Poland has significantly increased, and as a result more waste is generated. The authors analyse current legal regulations and judgments of administrative courts and the Constitutional Tribunal to determine who is obliged to pay the municipal waste management fee and what proper steps this entity should take. Due to the nature of the problem, the dogmatic-legal method was used to analyse the texts of legal acts, court decisions and available literature. The solution proposed by the authors can be used in practice by the bodies of local government units adjudicating the determination of the municipal waste management fee amount.