DIACHRONIC DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL LINES AND RELATED GROUPS OF BROWN CARPATIAN CATTLE FOR GENERATIONS
Authors: Pochukalin A. Ye. , Pryima S. V. , Rizun O. V. 
Published: June 2020

In domestic theory of breeding line breeding takes the leading place, because it uses the valuable genetic material of the bull’s leaders. Numerous studies have continuously monitored the economically beneficial traits of animals of different lines, both within breeding herds and in the general breed population.

The Brown Carpathian cattle of the combined direction of productivity were officially recognized as breed and, accordingly, had all components of the breed structure (local lines and families). It should be noted that this breed has disappeared taking into account the fact that there has been no active (breeding) population since 2011.

The purpose of the study is the schematic location of the bulls of the Brown Carpathian breed lines in generations, as well as the characterization of line extensions indicating the production of mothers.

The material of the study was the State Books of Breeding Animals of eight volumes (1948, 1968, 1972, 1975, 1978, 1983, 1987 and 1992). Catalogs of dairy breed bulls for 1985–1988 were also used to evaluate the bull’s lines and groups.

Since 1972 (the time of the official recognition of the breed) and until now (in the form of genetic material that is concentrated in cryobanks) the Brown Carpathian breed has the following local lines and related groups: Pishty 10 KAZ-67, Malchyka 3 KAZ-145, Shoni 6 KAZ-81, Fitsko 33 KAZ-107, Yury 32–Iuvelira 273, Kaplara 43 KAZ-9, Sokola 553 KAZ-182, Siroho 1759 KAZ-70, Bondi 101 KAZ-25 and Muki 100 KAZ-22 and Valsa 1205 KAZ-171. The total number of bulls under study is 535 heads, including the 1st generation – 109 heads, the II generation – 111 goals, III generation – 126 goals, IV generation – 99 goals, V generation – 65 goals, VI generation – 24 goals. and VII generation – 1 head. The investigated bulls were born during 1939… 1990 years.

The related group of bull Bondi 101 KAZ-25 in the genealogical structure of the Brown Carpathian breed did not spread. The main reason was the small number of bulls. The bull was born in 1948 in the collective farm. Lenin of Mukachevo district of Zakarpattia region.

Kappa’s 43 KAZ-9 local line. The ancestor of the line was born in 1944 and came from bull Shoni 2 and Montsii (8–300–4800–3.84). The live weight at the age of Kaplar 43 was 920 kg at the age of 11 with 82 points for the exterior.

Local line of Malchyka 3 KAZ-145. The line's founder was born in 1948 and belonged to the collective farm. Dimitrov Mukachevo district of Zakarpattia region. Its origin is unknown.

The Sokol’s 553 KAZ-182 local line. The founder of the line was born in 1949 and belonged to the collective farm "For a new life" of the Irshava district of Zakarpattia region. Its high live weight (5 years 840 kg) and body dimensions (height at the withers 145 cm, oblique torso length 180 cm, girth of the breast 220 and pestle 21 cm) ensured the animal’s mass.

The related group of bull Muki 100 KAZ-22. The founder of the factory line was born in 1949 and had a brown suit and belonged to the collective farm. Chapayev. It was born of the Malyny 719, which received 4922 kg of milk for the fourth lactation and the bull Buki 220 of the Brown Swiss breed.

The related group of bull Siroho 1759 ZCP-70. The founder of the bull Siryi 1759 was born in 1962 year. The live weight of 920 kg bull at the age of 5 years with 85,5 points for the exterior.

The local line of Fitsko 33 KAZ-107. Bull Fitsko 33 has brown suit, was born in 1948, and belonged Zakarpattia Regional Agricultural Research Station. In the 12 years of its live weight was 840 kg.

The local line of Pishty 10 KAZ-67. Pishty 10, the line's ancestor, was born in 1947 and was brown. He was born to a high-yielding cow Senesha 10, from which 2 lactations received 6240 kg milk of 3.7% fat, and bull Shandora 1.

The Shoni 6 KAZ-81 local line is one of the leading in the Brown Carpathian breed. The ancestor of the line was born in 1949 from cow Fania 171, which for the 4th lactation yielded 4800 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.7% and the Fidelio bull of the Brown Swiss breed.

The local line of the Yuri 32 KAZ-8-Yuvelira 273 KAZ-162 is the most numerous and branched in the Brown Carpathian breed. The ancestor of the lineage bull Yura 32 was born in 1943 from the cow of Cavia 517, from which for the 2nd lactation received 3014 kg with a fat content of 3.75%. Its live weight at 4 years was 850 kg.

The related group of bull Valsa 1205 KAZ-171. The founder of Valsa 1205 was born in 1961 years. At 2 years of age, it had a live weight of 545 kg and a high exterior rating of 90.5 points. It came from Venetsia 564 (3–299–4416–3,6) and the Brown Swiss bull Iltis 7623.

The genealogical structure of line breeding and related groups is presented covering the period of the birth of the bulls during 1939 ... 1990 and has 535 goals. During this time, local lines were tested and related groups were formed. The production lines of Pishta 10, Fitzko 33, Shoni 6 and Yury 32-Yuvelira 273, were the most numerous, and the number of bulls in each exceeded 70 goals. Less numerous (›6 goals) were the related groups of the Bondi 101 and Valsa 1205. Each group related to the ancestor has its twigs and branches.