bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Adaptive Evolution of Notopterygium incisum and Notopterygium franchetii, Two High-Alpine Herbal Species Endemic to China
Authors: Jia Yun , Liu Mi-Li , Yue Ming , Zhao Zhe , Zhao Gui-Fang , Li Zhong-Hu
Published: July 2017

The extreme conditions (e.g., cold, low oxygen, and strong ultraviolet radiation) of the high mountains provide an ideal natural laboratory for studies on speciation and the adaptive evolution of organisms. Up to now, few genome/transcriptome-based studies have been carried out on how plants adapt to conditions at extremely high altitudes. Notopterygium incisum and Notopterygium franchetii (Notopterygium, Apiaceae) are two endangered high-alpine herbal plants endemic to China. To explore the molecular genetic mechanisms of adaptation to high altitudes, we performed high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to characterize the transcriptomes of the two species. In total, more than 130 million sequence reads, 81,446 and 63,153 unigenes with total lengths of 86,924,837 and 62,615,693 bp, were generated for the two herbal species, respectively. OrthoMCL analysis identified 6375 single-copy orthologous genes between N. incisum and N. franchetii. In total, 381 positively-selected candidate genes were identified for both plants by using estimations of the non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rate. At least 18 of these genes potentially participate in RNA splicing, DNA repair, glutathione metabolism and the plant–pathogen interaction pathway, which were further enriched in various functional gene categories possibly responsible for environment adaptation in high mountains. Meanwhile, we detected various transcription factors that regulated the material and energy metabolism in N. incisum and N. franchetii, which probably play vital roles in the tolerance to stress in surroundings. In addition, 60 primer pairs based on orthologous microsatellite-containing sequences between the both Notopterygium species were determined. Finally, 17 polymorphic microsatellite markers (SSR) were successfully characterized for the two endangered species. Based on these candidate orthologous and SSR markers, we detected that the adaptive evolution and species divergence of N. incisum and N. franchetii were significantly associated with the extremely heterogeneous environments and climatic oscillations in high-altitude areas. This work provides important insights into the molecular mechanisms of adaptation to high-altitudes in alpine herbal plants.
Task Assignment and Path Planning for Multiple Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Using 3D Dubins Curves †
Authors: Cai Wenyu , Zhang Meiyan , Zheng Yahong
Published: July 2017

This paper investigates the task assignment and path planning problem for multiple AUVs in three dimensional (3D) underwater wireless sensor networks where nonholonomic motion constraints of underwater AUVs in 3D space are considered. The multi-target task assignment and path planning problem is modeled by the Multiple Traveling Sales Person (MTSP) problem and the Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to solve the MTSP problem with Euclidean distance as the cost function and the Tour Hop Balance (THB) or Tour Length Balance (TLB) constraints as the stop criterion. The resulting tour sequences are mapped to 2D Dubins curves in the X − Y plane, and then interpolated linearly to obtain the Z coordinates. We demonstrate that the linear interpolation fails to achieve G 1 continuity in the 3D Dubins path for multiple targets. Therefore, the interpolated 3D Dubins curves are checked against the AUV dynamics constraint and the ones satisfying the constraint are accepted to finalize the 3D Dubins curve selection. Simulation results demonstrate that the integration of the 3D Dubins curve with the MTSP model is successful and effective for solving the 3D target assignment and path planning problem.
Secure and Time-Aware Communication of Wireless Sensors Monitoring Overhead Transmission Lines
Authors: Mazur Katarzyna , Wydra Michal , Ksiezopolski Bogdan
Published: July 2017

Existing transmission power grids suffer from high maintenance costs and scalability issues along with a lack of effective and secure system monitoring. To address these problems, we propose to use Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) as a technology to achieve energy efficient, reliable, and low-cost remote monitoring of transmission grids. With WSNs, smart grid enables both utilities and customers to monitor, predict and manage energy usage effectively and react to possible power grid disturbances in a timely manner. However, the increased application of WSNs also introduces new security challenges, especially related to privacy, connectivity, and security management, repeatedly causing unpredicted expenditures. Monitoring the status of the power system, a large amount of sensors generates massive amount of sensitive data. In order to build an effective Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for a smart grid, we focus on designing a methodology of efficient and secure delivery of the data measured on transmission lines. We perform a set of simulations, in which we examine different routing algorithms, security mechanisms and WSN deployments in order to select the parameters that will not affect the delivery time but fulfill their role and ensure security at the same time. Furthermore, we analyze the optimal placement of direct wireless links, aiming at minimizing time delays, balancing network performance and decreasing deployment costs.
Sustainability and Mountain Tourism: The Millennial’s Perspective
Authors: Bonadonna Alessandro , Giachino Chiara , Truant Elisa
Published: July 2017

Evidence from several studies illustrates the different points of view through which sustainability and mountains have been studied over the years. Nowadays, interest in Millennials is increasing but no research has compared Millennials and sustainability in the mountain context. This study aims at defining sustainability with reference to Millennial perception of both winter and summer mountain sports. By analysing data gathered from a sample of 2292 Millennials (Piedmont area), the authors confirm their high degree of sensitivity towards sustainable issues and, above all, discover that there are differences in the sustainable perception Millennials have of both mountain winter and summer sports. More specifically, Millennial perception is deeply influenced by the place where they are used to living―mountains or cities―and by their gender. From a managerial point of view, results have direct implications on the administrators of mountain institutions who can implement appropriate initiatives in order to correctly sensitise Millennials towards mountain sports. Moreover, from a theoretical perspective, the study opens a new scenario on two important topics linked to sustainability, namely Millennials and mountain sports.
Variability of Emaravirus Species Associated with Sterility Mosaic Disease of Pigeonpea in India Provides Evidence of Segment Reassortment
Authors: Patil Basavaprabhu L. , Dangwal Meenakshi , Mishra Ritesh
Published: July 2017

Sterility mosaic disease (SMD) of pigeonpea is a serious constraint for cultivation of pigeonpea in India and other South Asian countries. SMD of pigeonpea is associated with two distinct emaraviruses, Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus 1 (PPSMV-1) and Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus 2 (PPSMV-2), with genomes consisting of five and six negative-sense RNA segments, respectively. The recently published genome sequences of both PPSMV-1 and PPSMV-2 are from a single location, Patancheru from the state of Telangana in India. However, here we present the first report of sequence variability among 23 isolates of PPSMV-1 and PPSMV-2, collected from ten locations representing six states of India. Both PPSMV-1 and PPSMV-2 are shown to be present across India and to exhibit considerable sequence variability. Variability of RNA3 sequences was higher than the RNA4 sequences for both PPSMV-1 and PPSMV-2. Additionally, the sixth RNA segment (RNA6), previously reported to be associated with only PPSMV-2, is also associated with isolates of PPSMV-1. Multiplex reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) analyses show that PPSMV-1 and PPSMV-2 frequently occur as mixed infections. Further sequence analyses indicated the presence of reassortment of RNA4 between isolates of PPSMV-1 and PPSMV-2.
Spatial Variations in the Surface Water Chemistry of Subtropical Peatlands (Central China) Linked to Anthropogenic Pressures
Authors: Cao Yan-Min , Chen Xu , Bu Zhao-Jun , Zeng Ling-Han
Published: July 2017

Compared with the extensively surveyed temperate and boreal peatlands, subtropical peatlands have received rather little scientific attention. In this study, spatial variations in water chemistry were investigated in 57 samples collected from three subtropical peatlands (central China). Generally, water pH and major cation concentrations of these samples approached the characteristics of poor fens along the bog–rich fen gradient. Four distinct groups were identified by cluster analysis and principal component analysis. High concentrations of trace elements in Group I were probably linked to airborne dust pollutants from a nearby road under construction. Low pH values and low major cation concentrations in Group II may be attributed to the great cation exchange capacity of Sphagnum. In contrast, samples in Group III, mainly collected from sites suffering from Sphagnum harvest, showed high pH levels and major cation concentrations. Relatively low concentrations of trace elements (except boron) in Group IV can be regarded as reference conditions for restoration efforts in these peatlands. Taken together, spatial variations in the water chemistry of the three peatlands were closely linked to natural processes (e.g., cation exchange of Sphagnum) and anthropogenic pressures (e.g., Sphagnum harvest). Overall, the mean health risk values of the six trace elements were low, indicating good water quality in these peatlands. This study provided baseline water chemistry information for the sustainable management of these subtropical peatlands, as well as other similar ecosystems.
An improved preparation of phorbol from croton oil
Authors: Pagani Alberto , Gaeta Simone , Savchenko Andrei I , Williams Craig M , Appendino Giovanni
Published: July 2017

Background: Croton oil is the only commercial source of the diterpenoid phorbol (1a), the starting material for the semi-synthesis of various diesters extensively used in biomedical research to investigate cell function and to evaluate in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. While efficient chemoselective esterification protocols have been developed for phorbol, its isolation from croton oil is technically complicated, and involves extensive manipulation of very toxic materials like the oil or its native diterpenoid fraction.

Results: The preparation of a crude non-irritant phorboid mixture from croton oil was telescoped to only five operational steps, and phorbol could then be purified by gravity column chromatography and crystallization. Evidence is provided that two distinct phorboid chemotypes of croton oil exist, differing in the relative proportion of type-A and type-B esters and showing different stability to deacylation.

Conclusion: The isolation of phorbol from croton oil is dangerous because of the toxic properties of the oil, poorly reproducible because of differences in its phorboid profile, and time-consuming because of the capricious final crystallization step. A solution for these issues is provided, suggesting that the poor-reproducibility of croton oil-based anti-inflammatory assays are the result of poor quality and/or inconsistent composition of croton oil.
FACTORS AFFECTING PERSONAL CUSTOMERS’ TRUST IN TRADITIONAL BANKING: CASE OF THE BALTICS
Authors: SKVARCIANY Viktorija , JUREVIČIENĖ Daiva
Published: July 2017

Nobody disputes that trust is an important issue in choosing a financial service provider, especially in the area of new forms of banking. The goal of this paper is to assess the most important determinants of trust in traditional banking. The study was conducted in the baltics and personal customers had to rank the distinguished factors. Using correlation analysis and binary logistic regression model it was found that the most significant factor influencing trust in all countries is provided information by the bank. In addition, in lithuania – bank’s characteristics, in latvia – customers’ risk perception and bank’s characteristics, in estonia – respondents’ experience of cooperation with a bank were highlighted as significant. The following measures of fit are used in order to describe the created logistic models: contingency table test, nagelkerke pseudo-r2, pearson chisquare test, wald test. However, there is a limitation – the survey was conducted online. Nevertheless, as internet penetration rate is high enough in investigated countries (from 76 percent in latvia to 91 percent in estonia), survey results can be adapted for at least seventy-five percent of each country’s population. The findings have implications on the development of the strategy and the policy of commercial banks.
FORECASTING PROPERTY PRICE INDICES IN HONG KONG BASED ON GREY MODELS
Authors: TAN Yongtao , XU Hui , HUI Eddie C. M.
Published: July 2017

The real estate market in Hong Kong plays an important role in its economy. The property prices have been increasing a lot since 2009, which have become a major concern. However, few studies have been done to forecast the property price indices in Hong Kong. In this paper, two grey models, GM(1,1) and GM(0,N), are introduced for the forecasting. The results show that GM(1,1) has a better performance when forecasting with stable trend data, while GM(0,N) is more suitable for forecasting data in fluctuating trend. The sensitivity analysis for GM(0,N) shows that Population(POP) and Best Lending Rate(BLR) are significantly sensitive factors for data in stable trend. While for the fluctuating data, sensitivity of each factor presents uncertainties. This study also compares the forecasting performance of grey models with the ANN model and ARIMA model. The study demonstrates that grey models are more suitable for forecasting the Hong Kong property price indices than others.
Magnetohydrodynamic Models of Molecular Tornadoes
Authors: Au Kelvin , Fiege Jason D.
Published: July 2017

Recent observations near the Galactic Center (GC) have found several molecular filaments displaying striking helically wound morphology that are collectively known as molecular tornadoes. We investigate the equilibrium structure of these molecular tornadoes by formulating a magnetohydrodynamic model of a rotating, helically magnetized filament. A special analytical solution is derived where centrifugal forces balance exactly with toroidal magnetic stress. From the physics of torsional Alfvén waves we derive a constraint that links the toroidal flux-to-mass ratio and the pitch angle of the helical field to the rotation laws, which we find to be an important component in describing the molecular tornado structure. The models are compared to the Ostriker solution for isothermal, nonmagnetic, nonrotating filaments. We find that neither the analytic model nor the Alfvén wave model suffer from the unphysical density inversions noted by other authors. A Monte Carlo exploration of our parameter space is constrained by observational measurements of the Pigtail Molecular Cloud, the Double Helix Nebula, and the GC Molecular Tornado. Observable properties such as the velocity dispersion, filament radius, linear mass, and surface pressure can be used to derive three dimensionless constraints for our dimensionless models of these three objects. A virial analysis of these constrained models is studied for these three molecular tornadoes. We find that self-gravity is relatively unimportant, whereas magnetic fields and external pressure play a dominant role in the confinement and equilibrium radial structure of these objects.
What Is the Hidden Depolarization Mechanism in Low-luminosity AGNs?
Authors: Bower Geoffrey C. , Dexter Jason , Markoff Sera , Rao Ramprasad , Plambeck R. L.
Published: July 2017

Millimeter-wavelength polarimetry of accreting black hole systems can provide a tomographic probe of the accretion flow on a wide range of linear scales. We searched for linear polarization in two low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGNs), M81 and M84, using the Combined Array for Millimeter Astronomy and the Submillimeter Array. We find upper limits of ∼1%–2% averaging over the full bandwidth and with a rotation measure (RM) synthesis technique. These low polarization fractions, along with similarly low values for LLAGNs M87 and 3C 84, suggest that LLAGNs have qualitatively different polarization properties than radio-loud sources and Sgr A*. If the sources are intrinsically polarized and then depolarized by Faraday rotation, then we place lower limits on the RM of a few times

for the full bandwidth case and

for the RM synthesis analysis. These limits are inconsistent with or marginally consistent with expected accretion flow properties. Alternatively, the sources may be depolarized by cold electrons within a few Schwarzschild radii from the black hole, as suggested by numerical models.
Formation of Black Hole X-Ray Binaries with Non-degenerate Donors in Globular Clusters
Authors: Ivanova Natalia , Rocha Cassio A. da , Van Kenny X. , Nandez Jose L. A.
Published: July 2017

In this Letter, we propose a formation channel for low-mass X-ray binaries with black hole accretors and non-degenerate donors via grazing tidal encounters with subgiants. We estimate that in a typically dense globular cluster with a core density of 105 stars pc−3, the formation rates are about one binary per Gyr per 50–100 retained black holes. The donors—stripped subgiants—will be strongly underluminous when compared to subgiant or giant branch stars of the same colors. The products of tidal stripping are underluminous by at least one magnitude for several hundred million years when compared to normal stars of the same color, and differ from underluminous red stars that could be produced by non-catastrophic mass transfer in an ordinary binary. The dynamically formed binaries become quiescent LMXBs, with lifetimes of about a Gyr. The expected number of X-ray binaries is one per 50–200 retained black holes, while the expected number of strongly underluminous subsubgiant is about half this. The presence of strongly underluminous stars in a GC may be indicative of the presence of black holes.
Cothérapie. Un rôle spécifique pour le cothérapeute
Authors: Neuburger Robert
Published: July 2017

Nous sommes confrontés à deux modèles pour les cothérapies. Certains préconisent une cothérapie égalitaire. Ici, c’est à une approche complémentaire que nous invitons le lecteur, où chacun a un rôle spécifique. L’un, le thérapeute porte le poids de la responsabilité quant à la conduite de la thérapie pendant que le cothérapeute, du fait de la distance qu’il peut prendre, observe l’interaction. Il peut et doit alors apporter des éléments d’information et surtout des propositions de lectures alternatives de la situation rencontrée, destinées à favoriser la créativité du thérapeute.
Le nouveau djihadisme européen
Authors: Khosrokhavar Farhad
Published: July 2017

Les nouveaux acteurs du djihadisme entre 2013 et 2016 sont nombreux, comparé à la situation de l’Europe dans la décennie précédente : de quelques centaines, le nombre des djihadistes s’est démultiplié et a atteint le nombre de cinq mille et plus ; le nombre et la proportion des femmes ont augmenté (d’une douzaine à cinq cents) ; les adolescent(e)s et postadolescent(e)s ont vu leur nombre s’accroître (entre dix et vingt pour cent selon les pays), ainsi que le nombre et la proportion des converti(e)s (entre huit et vingt pour cent selon les pays européens), le nombre et la proportion des cas psychopathologiques ayant augmenté (Al Qaïda les refusait, l’État islamique les a encouragés à venir les joindre). Le problème est de comprendre la diversité des acteurs et des actrices et leur motivation, bref leur subjectivation. Cet article tente de tracer la géographie contrastée de ce phénomène à partir d’une sociologie des acteurs.
Entre liberté de religion et liberté d’expression : émergence de la notion onusienne de « diffamation des religions »
Authors: Schwab Aurore
Published: July 2017

L’articulation entre la liberté de religion et la liberté d’expression est un enjeu actuel des discussions entre les représentants des États membres de l’Organisation des nations unies. La notion de « diffamation des religions », fruit de débats onusiens, ambitionne de placer certaines limites à la liberté d’expression afin de favoriser la protection des sentiments religieux. Cet article analyse la formation de la première résolution onusienne sur la « diffamation des religions » en 1999 au sein de la Commission des droits de l’homme et met en lumière les dynamiques divergentes actuelles relatives à la reconnaissance globale des droits de l’homme.
Religion et race
Authors: Anidjar Gil
Published: July 2017

On n’a pas toujours reconnu l’Autre comme « religieux ». On ne s’est pas partout servi du latin pour le comprendre, le classifier, le gouverner. Comme la race, la notion de religion n’est qu’un chapitre dans l’histoire du savoir et du pouvoir, chapitre provisoire, éphémère, embarrassant. Race et religion ? Contre une histoire qui les maintient distinctes et séparées, contre une périodisation qui conçoit la religion comme un « fait » archaïque ou immémorial, cet article propose de recadrer religion et race (et donc, religion et politique) comme deux notions contemporaines et coconstituées, éléments désintégrés d’une laïcité qui ignore sa propre histoire.
Les politiques « à la frontière » et « derrière la frontière » : quel impact sur la R&D réductrice de coût ?
Authors: Berthoumieu Julien , Bouët Antoine
Published: July 2017

Cet article analyse l’impact de différentes politiques sur les dépenses privées de recherche & développement (R&D) réductrices de coût, au moyen d’un modèle de duopole international avec incertitude concernant le résultat de la R&D. Nous examinons l’impact de politiques « à la frontière » (droit de douane, quota d’importation, restriction volontaire des exportations et accord de prix minimum) et « derrière la frontière » (subvention de la production, subvention des investissements en R&D, investissement public en R&D). Les subventions de la R&D sont des instruments politiques intéressants, parce qu’ils soutiennent la R&D locale, la production locale et les profits sans porter atteinte au surplus des consommateurs locaux. Une analyse de bien-être conclut à la supériorité soit d’une subvention de la production, soit d’un droit de douane.
Retrouver l’ondoiement continu : « le corps absorbe tout »
Authors: Carton Solange
Published: July 2017

Pionnière de la danse moderne, Isadora Duncan fascina bon nombre de ses contemporains. Son projet fut d’exprimer les passions de l’âme, en retrouvant le mouvement originel perdu de la nature. L’auteur explore à travers son journal, écrit à dessein d’être publié, la façon dont elle voulut écrire sa légende et le traitement du pulsionnel par sa danse.
Back to the Basics: Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children
Authors: Boyd Kathleen
Published: July 2017

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common childhood infection and often a reason for inpatient admission, especially when a child is hypoxic or in respiratory distress. Despite advances in technology and diagnostics, it remains difficult to accurately differentiate bacterial CAP from a viral process. Most of the laboratory tests routinely done in inpatient medicine, such as complete blood counts and acute phase reactants, do little to differentiate a viral pneumonia from a bacterial pneumonia. Clinicians must rely heavily on the clinical presentation and decide whether to treat empirically with antibiotics. Guidelines published by the Infectious Disease Society of America in 2011 have helped clinicians standardize the diagnosis and treatment of CAP. The guidelines recommend relatively narrow-spectrum antibiotics, such as ampicillin or penicillin, as empiric coverage for the fully immunized child older than age 3 months who requires hospitalization for CAP.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2017;46(7):e257–e261.]
The Cost of Hospital Admission: Brief Resolved Unexplained Events
Authors: Triemstra Justin
Published: July 2017

The modern health care system continues to expand at a meteoric rate with ever-increasing technological advancements. However, with these advancements come unsustainably rising costs and occasionally unintended, avoidable harm. In this article, we use a brief resolved unexplained event (BRUE) to illustrate how recent guidelines can help physicians practice value in this modern health care system. A BRUE is a common pediatric problem that is seen in ambulatory and emergency department settings. Infants presenting with a BRUE can be separated into low- and high-risk groups per recent guidelines. Most low-risk infants who present with a BRUE can be discharged home with anticipatory guidance, whereas high-risk infants should undergo further testing and admission to determine the cause of their event.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2017;46(7):e262–e264.]
Less is More: Evidence-Based Management of Bronchiolitis
Authors: Hampton Elisa , Abramson Erika
Published: July 2017

Bronchiolitis is a common cause of outpatient visits and hospitalization in children younger than age 2 years. Despite the frequency with which pediatricians manage this diagnosis, there is significant variability in care in both the inpatient and outpatient setting. This may be due in part to changing guidelines set forth by leading pediatric organizations such as the American Academy of Pediatrics, as increasing evidence emerges that traditional therapies are not effective. This article reviews current evidence-based practices for diagnosis and treatment of bronchiolitis, and provides an overview of inpatient management.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2017;46(7):e252–e256.]
¿Qué formación didáctica recibe el futuro profesorado de clarinete en el grado superior? Reflexiones y propuesta curricular
Authors: Bernabé Villodre María del Mar , Torres Peñarrocha Miguel
Published: July 2017

Las sucesivas reformas educativas de las enseñanzas superiores de música han aportado un considerable aumento de la carga lectiva de los futuros profesionales. Sin embargo, esas reformas curriculares no trajeron consigo cambios orientados a la realidad laboral, claramente relacionada con la docencia en diferentes niveles. Este artículo ofrece un análisis comparado de los currículos de las diferentes comunidades autónomas, así como una serie de sugerencias sobre la formación didáctica más conveniente para los titulados en Clarinete, a modo de conclusión.
La generación Y ante el desafío de su inserción laboral: realidades frente a estereotipos
Authors: Vallejo Peña Alberto
Published: July 2017

Los jóvenes clasificables en España como generación Y están abordado su proceso de inserción laboral en condiciones aún más adversas que las soportadas por la generación precedente (los X), al coincidir la crisis económica (2008-2015) con su acceso a la edad laboral. El presente trabajo pretende abordar los rasgos generacionales que se atribuyen a estos jóvenes en España y contrastarlos con los datos disponibles (los que ofrece la Encuesta de Población Activa, EPA, y la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos, OCDE, fundamentalmente). De esta forma se pretende lograr una mejor interpretación del fenómeno que permita distinguir sus auténticos rasgos y vivencias generacionales de las etiquetas asociadas y difundidas por fuentes no demasiado solventes. Para tal fin, se analizan las principales tipologías sociales atribuidas a esta generación (ni-nis, mileuristas y boomerangs), así como los cambios tecnológicos que determinan su perfil (sociedad digital), sus nuevas tendencias migratorias y la influencia de la estratificación social de los jóvenes y el papel de sus familias. Entre las conclusiones destaca la influencia de determinados factores (nivel educativo, clase social) al afrontar su inserción laboral y la prevalencia de la familia como institución clave en el apoyo a estos jóvenes, dadas las carencias de otros agentes sociales.
Propiedades eléctricas de las aleaciones ternarias Bi-Ge-Sb y Al-Cu-Sb
Authors: Premovic Milena , Minić Duško , Kolarevic Milan , Manasijevic Dragan , Živković Dragana , Djordjevic Aleksandar , Milisavljevic Dusan
Published: July 2017

Este artículo presenta el estudio de las propiedades eléctricas de dos sistemas ternarios basados en antimonio, Bi-Ge-Sb y Al-Cu-Sb. Además de las propiedades eléctricas, en el artículo se presenta las microestructuras observadas por microscopía óptica. Se utilizaron cuatro muestras para el análisis de la microestructura utilizando MEB, EDS y DRX. Además, se determinó la microdureza de muestras seleccionadas de la aleación ternaria Bi-Ge-Sb, la dureza se determinó utilizando ensayos Vickers.
El Interrogatorio para las Indias Occidentales de 1604 y los informes remitidos por el teniente de gobernador, vecinos, moradores y residentes de Nuestra Señora de Talavera en 1608. Presentación y transcripción completa
Authors: Simioli Julia , Porterie Ana , Marschoff María
Published: July 2017

En el presente trabajo presentamos la transcripción paleográfica del Interrogatorio para las Indias Occidentales, ordenado por la Corona en el año 1604, y las respuestas dadas en 1608 en la ciudad colonial de Nuestra Señora de Talavera (1556/7-1609) de la, por entonces, Gobernación del Tucumán. El documento original se encuentra preservado en el Archivo y Biblioteca Nacionales de Bolivia (ABNB) y fue transcripto en su totalidad. El mismo está conformado por un listado de 355 preguntas, las cuales son respondidas mediante una descripción general, a cargo del teniente de gobernador, y por las declaraciones individuales de los vecinos, moradores y residentes de la ciudad. La particularidad de esta fuente reside, además de la exhaustiva información que provee, en que fue escrita un año antes de que se produjera el traslado del núcleo poblacional de la ciudad hacia un nuevo asentamiento. Por lo tanto, dicho documento nos presenta una imagen pormenorizada de un momento coyuntural en la historia de Nuestra Señora de Talavera, en un escenario de cambios y reorganización social, política y espacial ante su inminente relocalización y nueva fundación.
Proactive Auto-Scaling Algorithm (PASA) for Cloud Application
Authors: Aslanpour Mohammad Sadegh , Dashti Seyed Ebrahim
Published: July 2017

Application providers (APs) leave their application hosting to cloud with the aim of reducing infrastructure purchase and maintenance costs. However, variation in the arrival rate of user application requests on the one hand, and the attractive cloud resource auto-scaling feature on the other hand, has made APs consider further savings in the cost of renting resources. Researchers generally seek to select parameters for scaling decision making, while it seems that analysis of the parameter history is more effective. This paper presents a proactive auto-scaling algorithm (PASA) equipped with a heuristic predictor. The predictor analyzes history with the help of the following techniques: (1) double exponential smoothing - DES, (2) weighted moving average - WMA and (3) Fibonacci numbers. The results of PASA simulation in CloudSim is indicative of its effectiveness in a way that the algorithm can reduce the AP's cost while maintaining web user satisfaction.
Reducing Inter-Process Communication Overhead in Parallel Sparse Matrix-Matrix Multiplication
Authors: Ahmed Md Salman , Houser Jennifer , Hoque Mohammad A. , Raju Rezaul , Pfeiffer Phil
Published: July 2017

Parallel sparse matrix-matrix multiplication algorithms (PSpGEMM) spend most of their running time on inter-process communication. In the case of distributed matrix-matrix multiplications, much of this time is spent on interchanging the partial results that are needed to calculate the final product matrix. This overhead can be reduced with a one-dimensional distributed algorithm for parallel sparse matrix-matrix multiplication that uses a novel accumulation pattern based on the logarithmic complexity of the number of processors (i.e., where is the number of processors). This algorithm's MPI communication overhead and execution time were evaluated on an HPC cluster, using randomly generated sparse matrices with dimensions up to one million by one million. The results showed a reduction of inter-process communication overhead for matrices with larger dimensions compared to another one dimensional parallel algorithm that takes run-time complexity for accumulating the results.
Communication Between Real-World and Cyber-World
Authors: Tolu Hüseyin
Published: July 2017

Racism is one of the oldest, most oppressive issues along with other extreme forms of social communications. Nevertheless, the internet has already led to the opportunity of cyber-racism that occurs more surreptitiously and aggressively than before. This study commences by unravelling the abstractions of conventional-racism and cyber-racism, and it introduces the global stakeholders' approaches and counter measures, in particular the EU and the USA and their regulated and non-regulated practices to combat cyber-racism. This paper shall then bring forward informative argumentations on how the stakeholders' perspectives on cyber-racism can be scrutinised by focusing on both values of being human (individualism) and a reconciled global-society (cosmopolitanism) towards contemporary debates in the sociology of education and technology. In this conceptual thinking, even though hate-mongers are using internet technology to spread their hatred what is the acceptable action for us to do in the subject of internet governance?
A Study of Purchase Influence and Behavioral Intention on the Adoption of Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) Systems
Authors: Goh Tiong-Thye , Yang Bing , Dai Xin , Jin Dawei
Published: July 2017

This study investigates how relevant factors representing the central and peripheral routes affect Chinese consumer adoption of eWOM system. This study is the first to propose a model linking argument quality, site quality and reviewer quality with purchase influence and behavior intention and show how these two factors affect the usage and the adoption of eWOM. Complementing the predicted intention-adoption link, data analysis based on 136 samples after controlling gender, age and occupation status shows that the purchase influence-adoption link has a stronger predictability than the behavioral intention-adoption link. The results show that site quality, reviewer quality and argument quality all positively affect behavioral intention while argument quality and site quality affects purchase influence. The findings demonstrate the importance of purchase influence and its antecedents in the context of predicting eWOM adoption and they carry important practical implications helping organizations and system designer to implement a more effective online review system.
Application of Vectorial Wave Method in Free Vibration Analysis of Cylindrical Shells
Authors: Poultangari R. , Nikkhah-Bahrami M.
Published: July 2017

The vectorial form of the Wave Propagation Method (VWM), regarding the dispersion of harmonic plain (elasto-dynamic) waves within certain wave-guides, is developed for the vibration analysis of circular cylindrical shells. To obtain this goal, all plain waves are divided into positive-negative going wave vectors along with the shell axis. Based on the Flügge thin shell theory, the shell continuity as well as boundary conditions are well satisfied by introducing the propagation and reflection matrices. Furthermore, all elements of the reflection matrix are derived for certain classical supports. As an example, for demonstrating the feasibility of VWM in the shell vibration analysis, a circular cylindrical shell with two ended flexible support is adopted. The natural frequencies of the systemaswell asmode shapes are obtained using VWM. The aquired results are compared with those of the previous works and found in excellent agreement. It is also found that VWM could mathematically provide a reduced dimensional matrix (dominant matrix) to calculate the natural frequencies of the system. Accordingly, the proposed method can provide high computational efficiency and remarkable accuracy, simultaneously.
A Sharp Interface Method for Compressible Multi-Phase Flows Based on the Cut Cell and Ghost Fluid Methods
Authors: Bai Xiao , Deng Xiaolong
Published: July 2017

A new sharp interface method with the combination of Ghost Fluid Method (GFM) and Cut Cell scheme is developed to study compressible multi-phase flows with clear interfaces. Straight-line cutting is applied on the cells passed by the interface. A new real-ghost mixing method is presented and applied around the cut cells to deal with very small cut cells. A cut face reconstruction method similar to volume of fluid is applied to deal with topological change problems. A high order Level Set (LS) method is applied to evolve the free interface, with the Level Set velocities from exact Riemann solver on the cut faces. Various 1D and 2D numerical examples are tested to show the robustness and ability of the present method in wide flow variable domains. This method benefits from cut cell on the sharp interface description, shows good conservation performance, and does not have the topological change difficulty of the full cut cell method presented in Chang, Deng & Theofanous, J. Comput. Phys., 242 (2013), pp. 946–990.
Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Magnetic Field Effect on Natural Convection of Power-Law Nanofluids in Rectangular Enclosures
Authors: Wang Lei , Chai Zhenhua , Shi Baochang
Published: July 2017

In this paper, the magnetic field effects on natural convection of power-law nanofluids in rectangular enclosures are investigated numerically with the lattice Boltzmann method. The fluid in the cavity is a water-based nanofluid containing Cu nanoparticles and the investigations are carried out for different governing parameters including Hartmann number (0.0≤Ha≤20.0), Rayleigh number (104≤Ra≤106), power-law index (0.5≤n≤1.0), nanopartical volume fraction (0.0≤ϕ≤0.1) and aspect ratio (0.125≤AR≤8.0). The results reveal that the flow oscillations can be suppressed effectively by imposing an external magnetic field and the augmentation of Hartmann number and power-law index generally decreases the heat transfer rate. Additionally, it is observed that the average Nusselt number is increased with the increase of Rayleigh number and nanoparticle volume fraction. Moreover, the present results also indicate that there is a critical value for aspect ratio at which the impact on heat transfer is the most pronounced.
Asymptotic Analysis of Travelling Wave Solutions in Chemotaxis with Growth
Authors: Djomegni P. M. Tchepmo , Govinder K. S.
Published: July 2017

Mass migration of cells (via wave motion) plays an important role in many biological processes, particularly chemotaxis. We study the existence of travelling wave solutions for a chemotaxis model on a microscopic scale. The interaction between nutrients and chemoattractants are considered. Unlike previous approaches, we allow for diffusion of substrates, degradation of chemoattractants and cell growth (constant and linear growth rate). We apply asymptotic methods to investigate the behaviour of the solutions when cells are highly sensitive to extracellular signalling. Explicit solutions are demonstrated, and their biological implications are presented. The results presented here extend and generalize known results.
Mucosal leishmaniasis: A Retrospective Study of 327 Cases from an Endemic Area of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis
Authors: Cincurá Carolina , de Lima Clara Mônica F. , Machado Paulo R. L. , Oliveira-Filho Jamary , Glesby Marshall J. , Lessa Marcus M. , Carvalho Edgar M.
Published: July 2017

Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) is observed only in about 3% of patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) but has a high potential for destructive, disfiguring, and disabling sequelae. Prior reports of clinical and epidemiologic features of ML are limited by small numbers of cases. In this study, we evaluated changes in the demographic features and clinical presentation of ML in an endemic area of Leishmania braziliensis transmission over a period of 20 years. The charts of 327 patients with ML diagnosed between 1995 and 2014 were reviewed. The majority of patients (67%) were male. Age ranged from 8 months to 103 years, with a median age of 38.5 years (interquartile range: 22–58 years). The greatest number of patients was between 19 and 39 years (31%). Over the study period, there was an increase in patients with ML more than 60 years of age, an increase in ML with concomitant cutaneous lesions, a decrease in the period of time between the documentation of cutaneous lesions and the diagnosis of mucosal disease, and an increase in the frequency of patients presenting with stage I and V of ML. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between severity of mucosal disease and both age and the period of time between cutaneous lesion and mucosal disease. Response to therapy of ML remained similar over a period of 20 years. Despite the improvement in medical care during the study period, the prevalence of ML did not change and severe disease continues to be a major challenge for the management of these patients.
Risk Factors for Norovirus Gastroenteritis among Nicaraguan Children
Authors: Gruber Joann F. , Bowman Natalie M. , Becker-Dreps Sylvia , Reyes Yaoska , Belson Connor , Michaels Kenan C. , Bucardo Filemon
Published: July 2017

Norovirus is a leading cause of pediatric gastroenteritis. Understanding norovirus epidemiology is essential for reducing disease burden. We conducted a case–control study to describe the distribution, clinical features, and risk factors of norovirus gastroenteritis among children < 5 years of age in León, Nicaragua. Cases were children testing positive for norovirus and controls were children living in the cases’ communities. Study staff interviewed mothers of enrolled cases and controls to obtain detailed exposure information including food, water, and sanitation sources; recent exposures; household characteristics; and handwashing practices. In addition, study staff requested stool samples to be tested for norovirus from select household members. We used descriptive statistics to understand the epidemiologic and clinical features of gastroenteritis episodes. To analyze potential risk factors, we used Firth’s penalized logistic regression to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). There were 102 children with gastroenteritis, 18 cases of norovirus and 31 controls. Norovirus cases occurred later in the year, corresponding to a delay in the rainy season. Cases were more likely to have a household member with norovirus in their stool as compared with controls [crude OR: 13.3 (95% CI: 2.5, 136.2) and adjusted OR: 11.5 (95% CI: 1.6, 223.2)]. In addition, alcohol-based hand sanitizer use among household members was reported for 10 (32%) of controls and but never for cases. Further research is needed to understand household transmission of norovirus in low- and middle-income countries and the potential impact of hand sanitizer use.
Characterization of Sarcoptes scabiei Tropomyosin and Paramyosin: Immunoreactive Allergens in Scabies
Authors: Naz Shumaila , Desclozeaux Marion , Mounsey Kate E. , Chaudhry Farhana Riaz , Walton Shelley F.
Published: July 2017

Scabies is a human skin disease due to the burrowing ectoparasite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis resulting in intense itching and inflammation and manifesting as a skin allergy. Because of insufficient mite material and lack of in vitro propagation system for antigen preparation, scabies is a challenging disease to develop serological diagnostics. For allergen characterization, full-length S. scabiei tropomyosin (Sar s 10) was cloned, expressed in pET-15b, and assessed for reactivity with IgE antibodies from human sera. IgE binding was observed to Sar s 10 with sera collected from subjects with ordinary scabies, house dust mite (HDM)-positive and naive subjects and a diagnostic sensitivity of < 30% was observed. S. scabiei paramyosin (Sar s 11) was cloned, and expressed in pET-28a in three overlapping fragments designated Sspara1, Sspara2, and Sspara3. IgE and IgG binding was observed to Sspara2 and Sspara3 antigens with sera collected from ordinary scabies, and HDM-positive subjects, but no binding was observed with sera collected from naive subjects. Sspara2 displayed excellent diagnostic potential with 98% sensitivity and 90% specificity observed for IgE binding and 70% sensitivity for IgG. In contrast, the diagnostic sensitivity of Sspara3 was 84% for IgE binding and 40% for IgG binding. In combination, Sspara2 and Sspara3 provided an IgE sensitivity of 94%. This study shows that IgE binding to Sspara2 and Sspara3 is a highly sensitive method for diagnosis of scabies infestation in clinical practice. The developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay helps direct future development of a specific diagnostic tool for scabies.
Capacity and Utilization of Blood Culture in Two Referral Hospitals in Indonesia and Thailand
Authors: Teerawattanasook Nittaya , Tauran Patricia M. , Teparrukkul Prapit , Wuthiekanun Vanaporn , Dance David A. B. , Arif Mansyur , Limmathurotsakul Direk
Published: July 2017

It is generally recommended that sepsis patients should have at least two blood cultures obtained before antimicrobial therapy. From 1995 to 2015, the number of blood cultures taken each year in a 1,100-bed public referral hospital in Ubon Ratchathani northeast Thailand rose from 5,235 to 56,719, whereas the number received in an 840-bed referral public hospital in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, in 2015 was 2,779. The proportion of patients sampled for blood cultures out of all inpatients in South Sulawesi in 2015 (9%; 2,779/30,593) was lower than that in Ubon Ratchathani in 2003 (13%; 8,707/66,515), at a time when health expenditure per capita in the two countries was comparable. Under-use of bacterial cultures may lead to an underestimate and underreporting of the incidence of antimicrobial-resistant infections. Raising capacity and utilization of clinical microbiology laboratories in developing countries, at least at sentinel hospitals, to monitor the antimicrobial resistance situation should be prioritized.
O centenário de Guerreiro Ramos e sua atualidade para o ensino de Ciências Sociais no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Amurabi
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8034.2016v18n1p141Nos últimos anos, a obra de Alberto Guerreiro Ramos (1915-1982) tem sido constantemente revisitada, o que se conecta às transformações vivenciadas nas Ciências Sociais brasileiras nos últimos anos. Porém, um aspecto ainda pouco explorado tem sido sua contribuição para o campo do ensino, mais especificamente do ensino de Ciências Sociais. Nesse artigo, busca-se analisar a contribuição de Guerreiro Ramos para a discussão sobre o ensino de Ciências Sociais, tomando como fio condutor principal suas ideias expostas em Cartilha Brasileira do Aprendiz de Sociólogo (1954) destacando a atualidade das questões expostas.
O mito da revolução, Guerreiro Ramos e o golpe de 1964
Authors: Nogueira João Carlos
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8034.2016v18n1p159Neste artigo, vamos perseguir a hipótese em algumas dimensões já exploradas no campo da Sociologia e da Ciência Política, sobre o político Guerreiro Ramos. Essa hipótese consiste no fato de que o sociólogo acreditava numa revolução social e política, mas era cético quanto aos seus atores: os partidos (PCB e PTB), por um lado; por outro, não verificava consistência na sociedade civil organizada, expressa pelos intelectuais reunidos no ISEB, por exemplo, sindicatos e movimentos urbanos e rurais. Esse paradoxo persegue as posições críticas de Guerreiro Ramos até o momento em que foi cassado pelo golpe militar, em abril de 1964. Outro propósito subsidiário de nossa hipótese é verificar também a contribuição do sociólogo e político para a Sociologia e a Ciência Política brasileira, considerando os projetos em disputa sobre o desenvolvimento em curso no país nos anos de 1950 e 1960, na esteira do golpe militar de 1964.