bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of bovine interleukin-6 gene polymorphism and its association with Cryptosporidium infection in calves
Authors: MESHKAT M , SHEMSHADI B , AMINI K
Published: February 2022

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is associated with inflammatory diseases, but its connection with Cryptosporidium in Holstein calves remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-6 on the resistance and susceptibility to Cryptosporidium in calves and to prepare a phylogenetictree in order to show the relation between Cryptosporidium species. Seventy-two samples were studied from healthy and infected with Cryptosporidium calves and genotyped using the tetra amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). The phylogenetic tree was constructed by the neighbor-joining method using the MEGA 7.0 software. The results showed a frequency of 76.40% for T allele and 23.60% for C allele in the healthy calves, while the results showed a frequency of 73.60% for T allele and 26.40% for C allele in calves infected with Cryptosporidium. The results did not reveal a significant difference between healthy and infectious animals according to the allele frequency (P=0.637). The phylogenetic tree demonstrated that C. parvum (HQ259589.1) with an 81% bootstrap were clustered with C. hominis (KM012041.1). The results also indicated that C. parvum (HQ259589.1) and C. hominis (KM012041.1) had a common ancestor with C. cuniculus. Additionally, C. andersoni(HQ259590.1) with an 88% bootstrap of support was placed in the same clade of C. muris (L19069.1), and both of them had a common ancestor with C. serpentis(KF240618.1). Further studies are required to investigate the relation between SNPs of IL-6 in other regions and the resistance or susceptibility to Cryptosporidium in calves.
A 30 year topic analysis of Veterinary Medicine literature
Authors: FYTILAKOS I , ALEXOPOULOS V
Published: February 2022

In the present study Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) was used as a generative probabilistic model to extract major topics in interdecadalresearch for the Veterinary Medicine scientific literature. A total of 22 topics were extracted during the 1991-2000 period, 23 topics during 2001-2010 and 60 topics during 2011-2020. Three different algorithms were used to validate the model: perplexity, silhouette clustering and gradient boosted trees. All three validation metrics showed that LDA performed well in extracting topics. Each decade was characterized by unique topics as well as common topics which existed throughout periods. The most frequent topics were identified and trends were quantified with the use of indexes. A list of the 30 most frequent and most associated with the term Veterinary Medicine words is provided. A shift in scientific thinking probably occurred during the 30-year-period in the process of incorporating the fields related to Veterinary students, antimicrobial resistance and animals’ behavior.
Identification of serum proteins in dogs naturally infected with Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi: a pilot study
Authors: KOCATURK M , MARTINEZ LF , ESCRIBANO D , SCHANILEC P , LEVENT P , SARIL A , MARTINEZ-SUBIELA S , TVARIJONAVICIUTE A , CIHAN H , YALCIN E , CERON JJ , YILMAZ Z
Published: February 2022

Serum proteomic analysis would aid in better understanding the pathophysiology of several diseases. The aim of this study was to identify the serum proteomes of dogs with anaplasmosis and Lyme disease using a proteomic approach. Diseases were diagnosed by a commercial rapid in-clinic ELISA. Borrelia antibodies were evaluated by IFAT. Four groups were designated: symptomatic dogs with anaplasmosis (n=5), dogs with Lyme disease (n=5), dual-positive dogs (n=5), and healthy control dogs (n=5). Serum samples were collected before treatment. Two-dimensional electrophoresis of pooled samples in each group were run in triplicate. Ten out of 57 differentially expressed spots between groups were evaluated for identification by mass spectrometry. Compared to those of controls, levels of vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), glycoprotein-9 (GP9) and kininogen-1 (KGN-1) decreased, while haptoglobin (Hp) and immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain levels increased in dual infection group. Serum apolipoprotein-A1 (Apo-A1) levels decreased in dogs with anaplasmosis, Lyme disease and dual infections compared to those in control dogs. Serum clusterin levels decreased in dogs with anaplasmosis but were not differentially expressed in dogs with Lyme disease or dogs with dual infections compared to those in control dogs. Calpain-3 decreased in dogs with anaplasmosis and Lyme disease. This study showed that many protein levels might be changed in dogs with naturally acquired anaplasmosis and Lyme disease. Understanding the role of these proteins in different biological processes can provide information of interest for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these clinical conditions.
Laboratory protocol for the digital multiplexed gene expression analysis of nasopharyngeal swab samples using the NanoString nCounter system
Authors: García Aranda Marilina , López-Rodríguez Inmaculada , García-Gutiérrez Susana , Padilla-Ruiz Maria , de Luque Vanessa , Hortas Maria Luisa , Diaz Tatiana , Álvarez Martina , Barragan-Mallofret Isabel , Redondo Maximino ,   Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (Red de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios y Enfermedades Crónicas, REDISSEC)
Published: February 2022

This paper describes a laboratory protocol to perform the NanoString nCounter Gene Expression Assay from nasopharyngeal swab samples. 

It is urgently necessary to identify factors related to severe symptoms of respiratory infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, in order to assess the possibility of establishing preventive or preliminary therapeutic measures and to plan the services to be provided on hospital admission. At present, the samples recommended for microbiological diagnosis are those taken from the upper and/or the lower respiratory tract. 

The NanoString nCounter Gene Expression Assay is a method based on the direct digital detection of mRNA molecules by means of target-specific, colour-coded probe pairs, without the need for mRNA conversion to cDNA by reverse transcription or the amplification of the resulting cDNA by PCR. This platform includes advanced analysis tools that reduce the need for bioinformatics support and also offers reliable sensitivity, reproducibility, technical robustness and utility for clinical application, even in RNA samples of low RNA quality or concentration, such as paraffin-embedded samples. Although the protocols for the analysis of blood or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples are provided by the manufacturer, no corresponding protocol for the analysis of nasopharyngeal swab samples has yet been established. Therefore, the approach we describe could be adopted to determine the expression of target genes in samples obtained from nasopharyngeal swabs using the nCOUNTER technology.
A systematic review of the case findings, testing and management of COVID-19
Authors: Susanna Dewi , Pratiwi Dian , Purnama Sang Gede
Published: February 2022

Background: Mass testing and adequate management are essential to terminate the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This testing is due to the possibility of unidentified cases, especially ones without COVID-19 related symptoms. This review aimed to examine the outcome of the existing studies on the ways of identifying COVID-19 cases, and determine the populations at risk, symptom and diagnostic test management of  COVID-19.

Methods: The articles reviewed were scientific publications on the PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Scopus databases. The keywords used to obtain the data were COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and case detection, case management or diagnostic test. We applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Population, Intervention, Control and Outcomes (PICO) approaches.

Results: A total of 21 articles from 13 countries met the inclusion criteria and were further analyzed qualitatively. However, 62% of the articles used a rapid antibody test for screening rather than a rapid antigen test. According to the rapid antigen test, 51.3% were positive, with men aged above 50 years recording the highest number of cases. Furthermore, 57.1% of patients were symptomatic, while diagnostic tests' sensitivity and specificity increased to 100% in 14 days after the onset.

Conclusions:  Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)  is recommended by the World Health Organization for detection of COVID-19. Suppose it is unavailable, the rapid antigen test is used as an alternative rather than the rapid antibody test. Diagnosis is expected to be confirmed using the PCR and serological assay to achieve an early diagnosis of COVID-19, according to disease progression, gradual rapid tests can be used, such as rapid antigen in an earlier week and antibody tests confirmed by RT–PCR and serological assay in the second week of COVID-19.
Fluoxetine pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution quantitatively supports a therapeutic role in COVID-19 at a minimum dose of 20 mg per day
Authors: Eugene Andy R.
Published: February 2022

Background.  Various in vitro studies have shown fluoxetine inhibits multiple variants of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogen causing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide pandemic and multiple observational clinical studies have shown that patients receiving fluoxetine experienced clinical benefit by lowering the risk of intubation and death. The aim of this study is to conduct population pharmacokinetic dosing simulations to quantify the percentage of patients achieving a trough level for the effective concentration resulting in 50% (EC50) and 90% (EC90) inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 as reported in Calu-3 human lung cells.

Methods.  Pharmacometric parameter estimates used in this study were obtained from the U.S. FDA website from a new drug application for fluoxetine hydrochloride. A population of 1,000 individuals were simulated at standard fluoxetine antidepressant doses (20 mg/day, 30 mg/day, 40 mg/day, 50 mg/day, and 60 mg/day) to estimate the percentage of the patients achieving a trough plasma level for the EC50 and EC90 SARS-CoV-2 inhibition. All analyses and graphing were conducted in R.

Results.  By day-10 at 20 mg/day 93.2% and 47% of the population will achieve the trough target plasma EC50 and EC90 concentrations, respectively, which translates to a lung tissue distribution coefficient of 60-times higher EC50 (283.6 ng/ml [0.82 mM]) and EC90 (1390.1 ng/ml [4.02 mM]). Further, by day-10 at an ideal dose of 40 mg/day, 99% and 93% of patients will reach the trough EC50 and EC90 concentrations, respectfully. Lastly, only a dose of 60 mg/day will reach the SARS-CoV-2 EC90 inhibitory concentration in the brain.

Conclusion. Overall, with a minimum treatment period of 10-days and a minimum dose of 20 mg/day, this study corroborates in vitro studies reporting fluoxetine inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 titers and also multiple observational clinical studies showing therapeutic benefit of fluoxetine in COVID-19 patients.
Ethical considerations of qualitative non-therapeutic research on people with obsessive–compulsive disorder: an overview
Authors: Ali A Hakami Abeer
Published: February 2022

Introduction: This paper discusses the ethical considerations involved in conducting qualitative non-therapeutic research on people suffering from obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), a topic covered in few, if any, prior studies.

Methods: The study summarizes in depth the existing literature on ethical aspects of conducting qualitative and nursing research with psychiatric patients. It constructs an overview of the most important points that should be taken into account when conducting non-therapeutic qualitative research on individuals with this disorder.

Results: This paper draws attention to three ethical considerations: (1) informed consent; (2) OCD sufferer’s competence to give consent; and (3) aspects of the relationship that arises between the researcher and participant.

Conclusions: This paper argues that those with OCD remain capable of giving consent, notwithstanding the continuing debates around their cognitive condition. It also provides an informative overview of aspects concerning their competence and insight, and suggests precautions to be followed when conducting interviews, paying attention to several factors that may determine the nature of the interview.

Keywords: qualitative research, non-therapeutic research, ethical considerations, obsessive–compulsive disorder.
The role of oxidative stress markers in Indonesian chronic kidney disease patients: a cross sectional study
Authors: Alsagaff Mochamad Yusuf , Thaha Mochammad , Pikir Budi Susetyo , Susilo Hendri , Wungu Citrawati Dyah Kencono , Suryantoro Satriyo Dwi , Haryati Mutiara Rizky , Ramadhani Ristra , Agustin Esthiningrum Dewi , Putra Muhammad Rifqi Arya , Maiguma Masayuki , Suzuki Yusuke
Published: February 2022

Background: Several aspects of chronic kidney disease (CKD) such as the incidence rate and mortality rate are concerning. Oxidative stress contributes to progression and mortality in patients with CKD; however, a specific correlation between several markers of oxidative stress and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) in the Indonesian population has not been sufficiently described yet.

Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a sample of 56 patients with CKD in Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from December 2019 – March 2020. The markers for oxidative stress investigated were urinary 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). The correlations between each variable of oxidative stress and CKD were analyzed using Pearson analysis.

Results: There was a positive correlation between 8-OHdG and eGFR (p=0.00, r=0.51); however, there was a negative correlation between 8-OHdG and ACR (p=0.025, r=-0.30). SDMA and eGFR showed a negative correlation (p=0.00, r=-0.648), while SDMA and ACR showed a positive correlation (p=0.03, r=0.349). ADMA showed a negative correlation with eGFR (p=0.00, r=-0.476). There were significantly decreased 8-OHdG but increased ADMA and SDMA as the CKD stage progressed (p=0.001, p=0.00, and p = 0.00, respectively). Higher urine 8-OHdG was detected in patients without history of hemodialysis, whereas ADMA and SDMA showed higher value in patients with hemodialysis (p=0.00, p=0.00, and p=0.004, respectively), patients with history of diabetes mellitus (DM) had higher mean 8-OHdG (p 0.000) yet lower serum ADMA and SDMA (p=0.004 and p=0.003, respectively).

Conclusions: In patients with CKD in Indonesia, the markers for oxidative stress 8-OHdG, SDMA, and ADMA are correlated with eGFR and ACR levels. There were also significant difference in 8-OHdG, SDMA, and ADMA levels among CKD stages, between dialysis vs non dialysis, and DM vs non DM patients.
The shape of the international order: the case study of AUKUS
Authors: Zaman Rashed Uz , Yasmin Lailufar
Published: February 2022

This article argues that in the 21st century, international order has not only become unstable but also short-term in nature and issue-based, which has led to the emergence of a number of alliances whose functionality can be questioned. A number of alliances are being formed and are in existence but without any clear goals and objectives. This hypothesis is applied to understand the nature of the recently formed AUKUS—Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States’ alliance in the Indo-Pacific region. The paper, taking the framework of international order, argues that AUKUS would be one such alliance that has started with a lot of promises but its fundamental proposition to counter the rise of China in the Indo-Pacific region—although it does not mention the name of the country—is impractical. Given the economic rise of China as well as the example of the Five Eyes (FVEY) of intelligence sharing mechanism of the Anglophone countries formed during the early years of the Cold War, the AUKUS may survive the test of time but it also may exist as an example of the patterns of the current international order—that is another alliance without a clear path. This article also takes into account of the reaction of the Southeast Asian nations and criticisms against AUKUS in Australia. It points out how Australia’s security should be viewed more comprehensively.
The genome sequence of the square-spot rustic, Xestia xanthographa (Schiffermuller, 1775)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Holland Peter W.H. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2022

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Xestia xanthographa (the square-spot rustic; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence is 934 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly (99.94%) is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the Z sex chromosome assembled.
Method for Assessing the Balance of Partnership Among Procurement Stakeholders Through Coordination Mechanisms
Authors: Abramova E.
Published: February 2022

The proposed article presents the results of the author's study of the indicator of partnership balance in relation to the use of coordination mechanisms in procurement activities of supply chain participants.

Based on a series of expert surveys, the author proposed an approach to defining this parameter, taking into account the assessment of the benefits and losses of partnership participants based on the results of the use of coordination mechanisms.

The study was based on a comparative analysis of retrospective data from companies participating in the questionnaire between July and December 2021. Among them are production, freight forwarding enterprises, warehouse operators, wholesale and retail trading companies.

In conclusion, the author made conclusions about the different influence of mechanisms of joint planning, motivation, resource integration on the dynamics of the indicator of balance of partnership in relations between companies and strategic and tactical suppliers.
El tapir, un vecino poco conocido
Authors: Contreras-Moreno Fernando , Reyna-Hurtado Rafael , Méndez-Saint Martin Gabriela , Simá-Pantí David
Published: February 2022

El  Tsíimin vaga libre por la Selva Maya desde hace mucho, con apariencia de elefante, cuerpo de burro y pariente del caballo, vive entre nosotros, pero poco sabemos sobre el.
No is a complete sentence
Authors: Madeley Anna-Marie
Published: February 2022

Anna-Marie Madeley discusses exercising the right to decline elements of maternity care and the importance of respecting women who choose to do so
Results of ‘two-in-one’ single-stage revision total knee arthroplasty for infection with associated bone loss
Authors: Brunt Andrew C. C. , Gillespie Matthew , Holland George , Brenkel Ivan , Walmsley Phil
Published: February 2022

Aims

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) occurs in approximately 1% to 2% of total knee arthroplasties (TKA) presenting multiple challenges, such as difficulty in diagnosis, technical complexity, and financial costs. Two-stage exchange is the gold standard for treating PJI but emerging evidence suggests 'two-in-one' single-stage revision as an alternative, delivering comparable outcomes, reduced morbidity, and cost-effectiveness. This study investigates five-year results of modified single-stage revision for treatment of PJI following TKA with bone loss.

Methods

Patients were identified from prospective data on all TKA patients with PJI following the primary procedure. Inclusion criteria were: revision for PJI with bone loss requiring reconstruction, and a minimum five years’ follow-up. Patients were followed up for recurrent infection and assessment of function. Tools used to assess function were Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and American Knee Society Score (AKSS).

Results

A total of 24 patients were included with a mean age of 72.7 years (SD 7.6), mean BMI of 33.3 kg/m2 (SD 5.7), and median ASA grade of 2 (interquartile range 2 to 4). Mean time from primary to revision was 3.0 years (10 months to 8.3 years). At revision, six patients had discharging sinus and three patients had negative cultures from tissue samples or aspirates. Two patients developed recurrence of infection: one was treated successfully with antibiotic suppression and one underwent debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention. Mean AKSS scores at two years showed significant improvement from baseline (27.1 (SD 10.2 ) vs 80.3 (SD 14.8); p < 0.001). There was no significant change in mean AKSS scores between two and five years (80.3 (SD 14.8 ) vs 74.1 (SD 19.8); p = 0.109). Five-year OKS scores were not significantly different compared to two-year scores (36.17 (SD 3.7) vs 33.0 (SD 8.5); p = 0.081).

Conclusion

‘Two-in-one’ single-stage revision is effective for treating PJI following TKA with bone loss, providing patients with sustained improvements in outcomes and infection clearance up to five years post-procedure. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(2):107–113.
Trigger events and change agents: how non-profit boards improve their governance
Authors: Gazley Beth , Kissman Katha
Published: February 2022

Despite active research on the performance of boards of directors, very little scholarship exists on how they intentionally recognise and act on the need for governance change. This gap has resulted in weak conceptual guidance for researchers and practitioners alike who are interested in change management. This article employs a multiple case study phenomenological analysis of member-serving organisations based in the United States that achieved substantive change at the board level, sometimes reshaping their boards and cultures in profound ways. Focused on the catalysts, agents and processes of governance change, the findings generally support the prevailing contingency theory perspective by describing patterns of change, stakeholder behaviour and goals that varied considerably from case to case. A change management lens is weakly supported in finding limited patterns in how leaders made change happen. A discussion follows of other potential conceptual lenses that may help explain successful strategic change management in non-profit boards.
Terahertz metamaterial modulators based on wide-bandgap semiconductor lateral Schottky diodes
Authors: Jia Wei , Sensale-Rodriguez Berardi
Published: February 2022

With the advent of 6G communications and the constant quest for more bandwidth in wireless technologies, the use of frequency bands lying in the terahertz spectrum becomes inevitable. Efficient high-speed modulation and demodulation techniques are necessary for the development of future terahertz communication systems. However, the speed of state-of-the-art terahertz modulators is limited to MHz-GHz; therefore, far away from the requirements of practical high-speed communication systems. In this work, we discuss that lateral Schottky diodes in wide bandgap semiconductors can enable simultaneous high-speed modulation (intrinsic cut-off frequency > 100 GHz), large modulation depth (>10dB), and low-loss (∼1.5dB) in a metamaterial configuration. These devices are lateral and thus do not require complex semiconductor or electromagnetic design or fabrication. Therefore, the proposed modulator design approach can unlock the potentials of the terahertz band for future 6G wireless communications.
Polarization-independent multimode interference coupler with anisotropy-engineered bricked metamaterial
Authors: Pérez-Armenta Carlos , Ortega-Moñux Alejandro , Manuel Luque-González José , Halir Robert , Reyes-Iglesias Pedro J. , Schmid Jens , Cheben Pavel , Molina-Fernández Íñigo , Wangüemert-Pérez J. Gonzalo
Published: February 2022

Many applications, including optical multiplexing, switching, and detection, call for low-cost and broadband photonic devices with polarization-independent operation. While the silicon-on-insulator platform is well positioned to fulfill most of these requirements, its strong birefringence hinders the development of polarization-agnostic devices. Here we leverage the recently proposed bricked metamaterial topology to design, for the first time, to our knowledge, a polarization-independent

2
×
2

multimode interference coupler using standard 220 nm silicon thickness. Our device can be fabricated with a single etch step and is optimized for the O-band, covering a wavelength range of 160 nm with excess loss, polarization-dependent loss, and imbalance below 1 dB and phase errors of less than 5°, as demonstrated with full three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations.
Predicting factors for the efficacy of cross-linking for keratoconus
Authors: Wajnsztajn Denise , Shmueli Or , Zur Ken , Frucht-Pery Joseph , Solomon Abraham
Published: February 2022

Purpose

To evaluate predictors for success in corneal crosslinking (CXL) for keratoconus in a large cohort and extended follow-up.

Design

A retrospective study based on a prospectively built database.

Methods

Participants underwent CXL for keratoconus from 2007 to 2018. Statistical analysis was performed for patients with at least 1-year follow-up. We analyzed effects of CXL type (Epithelium-on or Epithelium-off and Accelerated (9mW/cm2@10min) or Standard (3mW/cm2@30min)) and pre-operative factors including age, gender, baseline LogMAR visual acuity (LogMARpre), maximal corneal power (Kmaxpre), pachymetry, refractive and topographic cylinders, spherical equivalent (SEpre), mean corneal power (MeanK) and follow-up time on outcome measures. The outcome measures were the final change of Kmax (Delta Kmax) and the final change in LogMAR visual acuity (Delta LogMAR). A more negative Delta Kmax or Delta LogMAR represents a favorable effect of crosslinking.

Results

517 eyes had Kmax results, and 385 eyes had LogMAR results with more than one year follow-up. These eyes were included in the study. The mean follow-up time was 2.29 years. Mean Kmax decreased from 54.07±5.99 diopters to 52.84±5.66 diopters (p<0.001), and Mean LogMAR decreased from 0.28±0.20 to 0.25±0.21 (p<0.001). Non-accelerated epithelium-off CXL resulted in greater flattening of Kmax when compared with other protocols. Visual acuity improvement was similar when comparing different CXL protocols. Multivariate analysis showed four factors associated with negative Delta Kmax: high Kmaxpre, high SEpre, high MeanKpre, and non-accelerated procedure. Multivariate analysis showed three factors associated with negative Delta LogMAR: high LogMARpre, high SEpre, and Low MeanKpre. After excluding corneas with Kmaxpre >65 D or Pachymetry<400 microns, multivariate analysis showed that high Kmaxpre, high SEpre, and non-accelerated CXL were associated with negative Delta Kmax while high LogMARpre and high SEpre were associated with negative Delta LogMAR.

Conclusion

CXL for keratoconus is a highly effective treatment, as evident by its effects on the outcome measures: Delta Kmax and Delta LogMAR. CXL was more successful in eyes with high Kmaxpre, high SEpre, and high LogMARpre, which express disease severity. The non-accelerated epithelium-off protocol was associated with greater flattening of corneal curvature but did not show a better effect on visual acuity as compared to the other CXL protocols.
The staging of the Franco-Algerian experience
Authors: Narcis Stéphane
Published: February 2022

Salut cousin! is a 1996 Algerian comedy that touches on issues of immigration, belonging, family and identity. The work, written and directed by Algerian Merzak Allouache, focuses on two cousins, their interactions, lives and the challenges they face in the racially charged environment of Paris. In this review article, the film is examined and discussed regarding what it can tell audiences regarding issues of identity amongst immigrants in a growingly hostile and threatening country. This article outlines the history of the immigration debate in France following after the Second World War, and leading up to the film’s first broadcast in the mid-1990s. It then attempts to explore the issues of race, diversity and acceptance that lie at the heart of Salut cousin! The article further analyses the reality faced by those of Franco-Algerian heritage, an element that is brought to the forefront through the film’s interpretation of immigrant life.
De la Anti-España a la Nueva España: El discurso de las “derechas” en la prensa de Valladolid entre las elecciones del Frente Popular y el estallido de la Guerra Civil
Authors: Gómez Cuesta Cristina
Published: February 2022

Las elecciones de febrero de 1936 se presentan en la prensa de Valladolid como una jornada histórica y trascendental en la que se enfrentan la España y la Anti-España. Este trabajo analiza la evolución del discurso de las “derechas” desde estas elecciones hasta el comienzo de la guerra en Valladolid, a través de los rotativos con mayor difusión, El Norte de Castilla y Diario Regional. En este territorio donde el socialismo y el falangismo tuvieron una importante implantación, se dan las variables para comprobar qué elementos conformaron la propaganda antes y después del 18 de julio, la politización de la prensa y la adaptación ideológica de las fuerzas en coalición. El rápido dominio de los militares rebeldes anticipa lo sucedido en el conjunto nacional, articulando su discurso en torno a la guerra, la Iglesia y la asistencia social.
Las élites del capital: los comerciantes-banqueros en España, c.1840-1874
Authors: Lindoso Tato Elvira
Published: February 2022

El artículo realiza una revisión historiográfica de la figura de los comerciantes-banqueros en España desde comienzos del siglo XIX hasta la Restauración Borbónica. Además, a partir de diversas fuentes y trabajos publicados, se realiza una aproximación cuantitativa al número de banqueros privados que ejercieron esta profesión, sus orígenes, sus rasgos básicos y su introducción en las elites del poder contemporáneas.
Gendang Beleq
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Prahana Muhammad Gitan
Published: February 2022

Musik tradisional gendang beleq merupakan kesenian khas yang dimiliki oleh suku sasak pulau Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Kesenian ini, tidak dapat terlepas dari berbagai sisi dan perspektif yang sangat khas dengan karakter daerahnya. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari jumlah pemain dan kostum yang digunakan begitu identik dengan beberapa simbolisme islam. Musik tradisional gendang beleq oleh masyarakat suku sasak dewasa ini disajikan sebagai musik pengiring dalam prosesi upacara adat pernikahan. Selain itu, juga diganakan sebagai bentuk ekspresi rasa syukur, kegembiaraan, kekeluargaan dan juga media untuk menyampaikan pituah-pituah adat dalam suku sasak pulau Lombok.
Reconstruction of the Cervical Lateral Mass Using 3-Dimensional-Printed Prostheses
Authors: Jian Qiang , Liu Zhenlei , Duan Wanru , Guan Jian , Jian Fengzeng , Chen Zan
Published: February 2022

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the outcome of using 3-dimensional (3D)-printed prostheses to reconstruct a cervical lateral mass to maintain cervical stability.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 7 patients who underwent cervical lateral mass reconstruction using a 3D-printed prosthesis, comprising axial and subaxial lateral mass reconstruction in 2 and 5 patients, respectively. Bilateral mass was reconstructed in 1 patient and unilateral mass in the remaining 6 patients.Results: Using a 3D-printed lateral mass prosthesis, internal fixation was stable for all 7 patients postoperatively. No implant-related complications such as prosthesis loosening, displacement, and compression were observed at the last follow-up.Conclusion: Reconstruction of the lateral mass structure is beneficial in restoring load transfer in the cervical spine under physiological conditions. A 3D-printed prosthesis can be considered a good option for reconstruction of the lateral mass as fusion was achieved, with no subsequent complications observed.
Energy based three-dimensional damage index for monitoring and damage detection of concrete structures
Authors: Lakusic Stjepan
Published: February 2022

A novel approach to active structural health monitoring and damage detection of massive reinforced concrete structures using piezoelectric smart aggregates is presented in this paper. An innovative three-dimensional damage index, based on wavelet signal decomposition and energy of wave propagation, is derived in matrix form. Although the proposed three-dimensional damage index can be used for all types of reinforced concrete structures, it is primarily recommended for massive infrastructure buildings. The approach proposed in this paper is theoretically considered for an arbitrary shape of a reinforced concrete element, and it is numerically verified for various scenarios by varying the geometry of reinforced concrete elements, as well as the position, size and quantity of damage. Quasi-static analysis of piezoelectric smart aggregates is modelled using a standard finite element method, and the explicit finite element method is successfully applied in this research for modelling propagation of ultrasonic waves. The results based on numerically generated simulations indicate that the new approach to non-destructive damage detection using three-dimensional damage indexes is quite promising. However, an experimental verification of the proposed damage index will certainly be required in future research.
A push és a pull motivációk szerepe a magyarok szabadidős utazásai során
Authors: Hinek Mátyás
Published: February 2022

A nemzetközi turizmuskutatás prosperáló területe az utazási motivációk vizsgálata. Jelen kutatás a magyar lakosság szabadidős utazásainak motivációit vizsgálja kérdőíves felmérés segítségével. A vizsgálat a szak­irodalomban széles körben alkalmazott push (ösztönző) és pull (húzó) motivációs elmélet alapján történt. Az elemzés során faktoranalízis segítségével hat push és hat pull motivációt azonosítottunk. A válaszadók egyes demográfiai jellemzői alapján (nem, kor, legmagasabb végzettség, egy főre jutó jövedelem) válaszadói cso­portokat képeztünk, majd varianciaanalízis segítségével vizsgáltuk a motivációs különbségeket. A különféle válaszadói csoportok motivációs eltéréseinek komplex vizsgálatával négy szabadidős turisztikai szegmenst azonosítottunk, amelyek létét gyakorlati tapasztalatok, illetve a termék- és szolgáltatásmarketing egyéb példái igazolják.
Turizmusbiztonság, mint újonnan felmerülő fogyasztói igény
Authors: Péter Erzsébet , Németh Kornél , Lelkóné Tollár Ildikó
Published: February 2022

A turizmusban az elmúlt években rendkívül jelentős változások történtek. A világban zajló események nemcsak a turisztikai szakembereket és az utazni vágyókat, hanem a rendfenntartó erőket is új kihívások elé állítják. Az általános rendőri feladatok mellett napjaink új rendészeti kihívásai közé tartozik a ter­rorveszély elhárítása turisztikai desztinációkban és kiemelt rendezvényeken. A szakmai nehézségek közé sorolható a vezényelt állomány helyismeretének hiánya, a helyszínre történő érkezés ideje, illetve a nagy tömegben történő megfigyelés, kommunikáció korlátai. A desztinációk biztonságáról kialakult kép megha­tározza az utazási döntést, ugyanakkor a megváltozott utazási szokások mellett mégis egyre több az uta­zás. A tanulmány többek között arra keresi a választ, hogy a közelmúlt eseményei mennyire befolyásolják a pihenési szokásokat a turisztikai desztinációkban, illetve hogy egy-egy rendezvény helyszínen, valamint a médiában közölt hírek biztonságot vagy bizalmatlanságot ébresztenek-e az emberekben. A XXI. század emberének nagyon fontos a folyamatos újítások megléte az élet minden területén. A turisták számának és tartózkodásának növeléséhez „komplex élménycsomagot” kell kínálni, amely más típusú vállalkozásokkal való együttműködést feltételez. Minden térségnek törekednie kell arra, hogy márkává váljon és a vendég olyan élményekkel távozzon, amikre jó visszaemlékezni, amik miatt szeretne visszatérni egy biztonságos környezetbe. A fogyasztókban felmerülő igény alapján az utazások és a helyszínválasztás meghatározó eleme lett napjainkban a biztonság.
A hazai kisvasutak forgalmának turisztikai potenciál alapú vizsgálata
Authors: Princz-Jakovics Tibor , Vasvári Gergely
Published: February 2022

A turisztikai attrakciók közül a kisvasutak jelentősége erősödött az elmúlt években, melynek megfelelően a turisztikai tényezők hatása kiemelten kezelendő a kínálati oldalon. Tekintettel az egyes kisvasúti vonalak elkülönülő, szigetüzem jellegére, a várható utasforgalmi jelenségeket (például forgalmi igény nagysága) az eszközválasztás korridor-modelljével írtuk le. E modell alkalmazása esetén az adott vonalon tapasztalható utazási szokások és várható trendek a környező nagyobb (városi, regionális stb.) hálózatrészek figyelem­bevétele nélkül becsülhetőek meg.

A turisztikai és vegyes személyforgalmi igény – fejlesztések hatására történő – megváltozásának becs­lése több szempont felhasználásával valósult meg. A forgalmi kategóriákra differenciált csoport (cluster) elemzést alkalmaztunk a diverzitás melletti kis mintaszám miatt.

A turisztikai forgalmat a kisvasút, illetve környezetének fejlesztésével lehet javítani, amiben fontos szerepet kap nemcsak a vonzó elemek megléte, hanem azok értéke is. A hivatás és turisztikai funkció pár­huzamos fenntartása a potenciális felhasználók számát növelheti egy-egy kisvasút esetén, így ezekre jó gyakorlatokat kerestünk (például hibrid menetrend kialakításával).
Városmárka-hűség: melyek a Budapesti márkahűséget befolyásoló legfőbb tényezők?
Authors: Namaz Lachin , Horváth Dóra , Cosovan Attila , Tvergyák Klaudia Klára
Published: February 2022

Az utóbbi időkben a városok megsokszorozták erőfeszítéseiket annak érdekében, hogy igazán hatékony márkázási stratégiát alakítsanak ki, ezért a városi márkahűség kutatása az egyik legjelentősebb kutatási iránnyá vált a desztináció marketing és menedzsment területén. Annak érdekében, hogy a közép-európai kontextus is jelen legyen, a tanulmány kifejezetten a Budapesten élő külföldiek szempontjából vizsgálja a budapesti városmárkát és elemzi a márkahűségüket. A szerzők azt vallják, hogy a városban élő külföldiek látásmódjának megértése hozzájárulhat a már meglévő tudáshoz a turisták városi desztinációk iránt mu­tatott hűségével kapcsolatban. A helyi külföldiek véleményének alapos elemzése és a szakirodalom áttekin­tése után arra a következtetésre jutottunk, hogy a városi márkahűséget az elégedettség és az érzelmi érték alakítja. A szerzők által javasolt hűségmodell kiemeli az érzelmi érték/kreativitás fontosságát, és a városok kulturális eszközeit, illetve a programjaikba való bevonódást a városi márkák iránt érzett hűség előfelté­teleinek tekinti. A tanulmány bemutatja továbbá a budapesti márka gyengeségeit és erősségeit, valamint megállapítja, hogy eléggé erősnek és sikeresnek számít a gyengeségei és problémái ellenére is, továbbá erős érzelmi és észlelt értékkel rendelkezik.
Relações entre a participação estudantil na gestão democrática e a aprendizagem escolar: um olhar a partir da Teoria Histórico-Cultural
Authors: Pedro Janaina Artioli João
Published: February 2022

A pesquisa apresentada neste resumo objetiva explorar as relações entre a participação estudantil na gestão democrática e a aprendizagem escolar. Enquanto referencial teórico-metodológico nos valemos das contribuições da Psicologia histórico-cultural e do método materialista histórico-dialético, cujo movimento orientou e caracterizou a estrutura própria do estudo.  Importante destacar que o objeto de estudo pesquisado expresso na tríade participação estudantil, gestão democrática e aprendizagem escolar é resultado de um projeto que precisou ser interrompido em função da deflagração da pandemia da COVID-19 no início de 2020. Diante de tal contexto histórico e de suas repercussões principalmente nas atividades presenciais na escola, tornou-se necessário o encerramento da pesquisa que inicialmente havíamos escolhido e cujas primeiras etapas já havíamos realizado. As experiências obtidas com as primeiras ações na pesquisa intitulada de “Grêmios estudantis e os conflitos no contexto escolar” geraram diversas inquietações, despertando o interesse pela exploração de impactos (ou possíveis impactos) nos processos de aprendizagem escolar a partir do fomento à participação estudantil pela gestão democrática.
O que são os esquemas de reprodução de Karl Marx?
Authors: De Souza Silva Giliad
Published: February 2022

Este ensaio visa apresentar, de maneira didática, o problema da realização ou de demanda efetiva, que Karl Marx expõe nos últimos capítulos do Livro 2 d’O Capital, através de seus esquemas de reprodução. A hipótese fundamental é que esses esquemas versam sobre auto-reprodução do capital social, cuja limitação é dada por fatores endógenos. As principais conclusões são: (i) que o consumo produtivo importa na análise da realização do capital social e não pode ser negligenciado, como fez Adam Smith; (ii) que os setores responsáveis pela produção das mercadorias consumidas produtivamente (Departamento I) dão a tônica da acumulação de capital que ocorre nos setores responsáveis pela produção das mercadorias consumidas individualmente (Departamento II); (iii) que os esquemas de reprodução apresentam uma parte da teoria marxiana de crise, sendo responsável por apresentar os motivos de tal fenômeno ser endógeno.
Comentário sobre: Custos correntes versus custos históricos no cálculo da taxa de lucro: uma proposta para solução empírica
Authors: Milan Marcelo
Published: February 2022

Comentário sobre: Custos correntes versus custos históricos no cálculo da taxa de lucro: uma proposta para solução empírica
Pengujian Sistem Informasi Akademik Menggunakan Mccall’s Software Quality Framework
Authors: Mulyanto Agus
Published: February 2022

Pengujian perangkat lunak merupakan elemen kritis dalam menentukan kualitas suatu perangkat lunak. Pengujian ini meliputi desain, spesifikasi, dan koding. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji kualitas perangkat lunak sistem informasi akademik di Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga. Pengujian ini menggunakan kerangka kerja McCall pada aspek product operation.  Lima metrik yang diuji adalah correctness, reliability, efficiency, integrity, dan usability. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa sistem informasi akademik ini memiliki kualitas yang baik dengan nilai di atas 70. Kata kunci : Sistem Informasi Akademik, McCall, Pengujian Perangkat Lunak.
Uso de tecnologia digital na promoção da adesão a psicofármacos durante a pandemia Covid-19
Authors: Oliveira Joanna Darc , Rondon Marcos José Cardoso
Published: February 2022

A pandemia de Covid-19, causada pelo SARS-CoV-2, vem produzindo repercussões de ordem biomédica e epidemiológica, mundialmente. Diante do contexto de lockdown prolongado, do adiamento de consultas médicas e da dispensação de medicamentos sujeitos a controle especial para seis meses, surgiu a preocupação com a adesão ao tratamento de pacientes psiquiátricos. O objetivo do trabalho foi descrever a experiência do uso de ferramenta digital na promoção da adesão aos psicofármacos entre pacientes atendidos pela equipe da Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) São Francisco em Campo Grande – MS, durante a pandemia de Covid-19, no ano de 2021. A USF localiza-se na região norte da cidade, no Distrito Sanitário Segredo, pertencente à Secretaria Municipal de Campo Grande (MS), e ao todo foram mobilizados 210 pacientes adscritos à USF em uso de  psicofármacos. No entanto, 190 desses usuários participaram efetivamente do trabalho. Utilizou-se o instrumento digital do Google, que foi formatado para levantar os índices de adesão ao uso diário de psicotrópicos nos meses de fevereiro, março e abril de 2021. A farmacêutica formatou e preencheu o instrumental Google forms com informações de adesão a medicamentos e que também permitiam rastrear o endereço do paciente, a fim de que em tempo hábil pudesse fazer busca ativa desses pacientes para obter a  transcrição da receita e dar continuidade aos medicamentos de uso contínuo. A profissional articulou com técnicos, enfermeiros, médicos e agentes comunitários (que visitam o paciente em sua residência), e lançou mão do uso de mídias sociais quando os atendimentos ambulatoriais precisaram ser suspensos. Mensalmente, 36,84% dos pacientes efetivamente contatados tiveram a possibilidade de transcrição da receita. O interfaceamento de várias tecnologias, mesmo em pequena escala, demonstrou que foi possível garantir o uso de psicofármacos para um grupo de indivíduos, contando com a iniciativa e esforço dos profissionais da USF, além do engajamento dos pacientes.
Physical modeling of bubble behaviors in molten steel under high pressure
Authors: Cui Xiaojie , Xue Yuekai , Zhao Dingguo , Wang Shuhuan , Guo Fujian
Published: February 2022

A water model was adopted to conduct an experimental study on the physical modeling of bubble behaviors and the effects of vessel pressure intensity, nozzle aperture diameter, bottom blowing location and bottom blowing flow rate on bubble properties were analyzed. Experimental results show that with the increase in vessel pressure intensity, the bubble breaking distance is shortened, the size is decreased, the number is increased, the degree of deformation in the rising process becomes smaller, and the fluctuation range of liquid level becomes small; in addition, the diameter of bubbles breaking away from the nozzle decreases. With the increase of bottom blowing aperture diameter, the average diameter of bubbles on the liquid level gets bigger and the number of bubbles decreases; moreover, the size of bubbles breaking away from the nozzle increases, their shape tends to be oval, and the time from bubble formation to bubble breaking is longer. With the increase of bottom blowing flow rate, the bubble breaking distance gets long, the size and number of bubbles increase, the bubble shape tends to be oval, and the impact force on the liquid level becomes larger. The greater the pressure intensity of the vessel, the closer the bottom blowing position is to the center, and the smaller the average diameter of bubbles.
One year into the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: perinatal outcome and data on the transmission of 116 pregnant women
Authors: Hall Mirijam , Hölbfer Susanne , Endress David , Aicher Gabriele , Drechsel-Burkhard Georg , Maier Barbara
Published: February 2022

Objectives

Report of clinical data on maternal outcomes, mode of delivery and immediate neonatal outcome in women infected with COVID-19, as well as clarifying whether the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could occurin utero(congenital), intrapartum, and/or postnatally through breastmilk, amniotic fluid or cord blood.

Methods

Retrospective data collection. Evidence of vertical transmission was assessed by testing for SARS-CoV-2 in amniotic fluid, cord blood, maternal liquor, breast milk and neonatal pharyngeal swab samples.

Results

8.9% (n=8) of the total population of hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 positive pregnant women were admitted to a critical care unit, one (0.9%) needed extracorporal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and one woman died (0.9%). The premature birth rate before 34+0 weeks of gestational age of 8.2% (n=8) among pregnant women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, was almost four times higher than among the total population of pregnant women in Austria. Two newborns (2%) were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 after birth. No SARS-CoV-2 was found in amniotic fluid, cord blood, maternal liquor or breast milk using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Conclusions

Pregnant women with COVID-19 seem to be at a higher risk of invasive ventilation, admission to a critical care unit and pre-term birth and therefore they should be considered as a high-risk population. The risk of congenital or intrapartal infection seems to be insignificant.