bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated, non-invasive Varroa mite detection by vibrational measurements of gait combined with machine learning
Authors: Hall Harriet , Bencsik Martin , Newton Michael
Published: June 2023

Little is known about mite gait, but it has been suggested that there could be greater variation in locomotory styles for arachnids than insects. The Varroa destructor mite is a devastating ectoparasite of the honeybee. We aim to automatically detect Varroa-specific signals in long-term vibrational recordings of honeybee hives and additionally provide the first quantification and characterisation of Varroa gait through the analysis of its unique vibrational trace. These vibrations are used as part of a novel approach to achieve remote, non-invasive Varroa monitoring in honeybee colonies, requiring discrimination between mite and honeybee signals. We measure the vibrations occurring in samples of freshly collected capped brood-comb, and through combined critical listening and video recordings we build a training database for discrimination and classification purposes. In searching for a suitable vibrational feature, we demonstrate the outstanding value of two-dimensional-Fourier-transforms in invertebrate vibration analysis. Discrimination was less reliable when testing datasets comprising of Varroa within capped brood-cells, where Varroa induced signals are weaker than those produced on the cell surface. We here advance knowledge of Varroa vibration and locomotion, whilst expanding upon the remote detection strategies available for its control.
A collaborative and near-comprehensive North Pacific humpback whale photo-ID dataset
Authors: Cheeseman Ted , Southerland Ken , Acebes Jo Marie , Audley Katherina , Barlow Jay , Bejder Lars , Birdsall Caitlin , Bradford Amanda L. , Byington Josie K. , Calambokidis John , Cartwright Rachel , Cedarleaf Jen , Chavez Andrea Jacqueline García , Currie Jens J. , De Weerdt Joëlle , Doe Nicole , Doniol-Valcroze Thomas , Dracott Karina , Filatova Olga , Finn Rachel , Flynn Kiirsten , Ford John K. B. , Frisch-Jordán Astrid , Gabriele Christine M. , Goodwin Beth , Hayslip Craig , Hildering Jackie , Hill Marie C. , Jacobsen Jeff K. , Jiménez-López M. Esther , Jones Meagan , Kobayashi Nozomi , Lyman Edward , Malleson Mark , Mamaev Evgeny , Martínez Loustalot Pamela , Masterman Annie , Matkin Craig , McMillan Christie J. , Moore Jeff E. , Moran John R. , Neilson Janet L. , Newell Hayley , Okabe Haruna , Olio Marilia , Pack Adam A. , Palacios Daniel M. , Pearson Heidi C. , Quintana-Rizzo Ester , Ramírez Barragán Raul Fernando , Ransome Nicola , Rosales-Nanduca Hiram , Sharpe Fred , Shaw Tasli , Stack Stephanie H. , Staniland Iain , Straley Jan , Szabo Andrew , Teerlink Suzie , Titova Olga , Urban R. Jorge , van Aswegen Martin , de Morais Marcel Vinicius , von Ziegesar Olga , Witteveen Briana , Wray Janie , Yano Kymberly M. , Zwiefelhofer Denny , Clapham Phil
Published: June 2023

We present an ocean-basin-scale dataset that includes tail fluke photographic identification (photo-ID) and encounter data for most living individual humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the North Pacific Ocean. The dataset was built through a broad collaboration combining 39 separate curated photo-ID catalogs, supplemented with community science data. Data from throughout the North Pacific were aggregated into 13 regions, including six breeding regions, six feeding regions, and one migratory corridor. All images were compared with minimal pre-processing using a recently developed image recognition algorithm based on machine learning through artificial intelligence; this system is capable of rapidly detecting matches between individuals with an estimated 97–99% accuracy. For the 2001–2021 study period, a total of 27,956 unique individuals were documented in 157,350 encounters. Each individual was encountered, on average, in 5.6 sampling periods (i.e., breeding and feeding seasons), with an annual average of 87% of whales encountered in more than one season. The combined dataset and image recognition tool represents a living and accessible resource for collaborative, basin-wide studies of a keystone marine mammal in a time of rapid ecological change.
The trilemma among CO2 emissions, energy use, and economic growth in Russia
Authors: Magazzino Cosimo , Mele Marco , Drago Carlo , Kuşkaya Sevda , Pozzi Cesare , Monarca Umberto
Published: June 2023

This paper examines the relationship among CO2 emissions, energy use, and GDP in Russia using annual data ranging from 1990 to 2020. We first conduct time-series analyses (stationarity, structural breaks, cointegration, and causality tests). Then, we performed some Machine Learning experiments as robustness checks. Both approaches underline a bidirectional causal flow between energy use and CO2 emissions; a unidirectional link running from CO2 emissions to real GDP; and the predominance of the “neutrality hypothesis” for energy use-GDP nexus. Therefore, energy conservation measures should not adversely affect the economic growth path of the country. In the current geopolitical scenario, relevant policy implications may be derived.
The mismatch between experimental and computational fluid dynamics analyses for magnetic surface microrollers
Authors: Bozuyuk Ugur , Ozturk Hakancan , Sitti Metin
Published: June 2023

Magnetically actuated Janus surface microrollers are promising microrobotic platform with numerous potential biomedical engineering applications. While the locomotion models based on a "rotating sphere on a nearby wall" can be adapted to surface microrollers, real-world dynamics may differ from the proposed theories/simulations. In this study, we examine the locomotion efficiency of surface microrollers with diameters of 5, 10, 25, and 50 µm and demonstrate that computational fluid dynamics simulations cannot accurately capture locomotion characteristics for different sizes of microrollers. Specifically, we observe a significant mismatch between lift forces predicted by simulations and opposite balancing forces, particularly for smaller microrollers. We propose the existence of an unaccounted force component in the direction of lift, which is not included in the computational fluid dynamics simulations. Overall, our findings provide a deeper understanding of the physical mechanisms underlying surface microroller locomotion and have important implications for future applications in biomedical engineering.
Echocardiographic assessment of brain sparing in small-for-gestational age infants and association with neonatal outcomes
Authors: Shin Ju Ae , Lee Jae Young , Yum Sook Kyung
Published: June 2023

Brain sparing is an adaptive phenomenon (redistribution of blood flow to the brain) observed in fetuses exposed to chronic hypoxia, who are at risk of intrauterine growth restriction. Here, we assessed the blood flow distribution during the early neonatal period (< 7 days of life) using echocardiography, and evaluated the impact of brain-sparing on postnatal course and neurodevelopmental outcomes. This retrospective study included 42 small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants [further classified into asymmetric SGA (a-SGA, n = 21) and symmetric SGA (s-SGA, n = 21) groups according to their birth head circumference percentiles], and 1: 2 matched appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) infants (n = 84) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Left ventricular (LV) stroke volume, LV cardiac output (LVCO), upper body blood flow (UBBF), and UBBF/LVCO ratio (%) were significantly higher in both a-SGA and s-SGA infants than in AGA infants. Both a-SGA and s-SGA groups consisted predominantly of infants with higher UBBF/LVCO (%). A UBBF/LVCO ≥ 58.2% (3rd interquartile range) was associated with a later need for rehabilitative therapy after discharge. In summary, brain-sparing effect may continue during the early postnatal life in SGA infants, and may be a promising marker to detect future adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Interactions of Mn complexes with DNA: the relevance of therapeutic applications towards cancer treatment
Authors: Mallick Ganguly Oishi , Moulik Shuvojit
Published: June 2023

Design of manganese-based drug conjugates for selective targeting of cancer cells will be a major breakthrough in the field of cancer research.
Glycofullerene–AuNPs as multivalent ligands of DC-SIGN and bacterial lectin FimH: tuning nanoparticle size and ligand density
Authors: Wang Tao , Jimmidi Ravikumar , Roubinet Benoit , Landemarre Ludovic , Vincent Stéphane P.
Published: June 2023

Glycofullerenes can be grafted at the surface of gold nanoparticles of various sizes. The resulting glycoC60-AuNPs can tightly bind key receptors of viral and bacterial infections in a size-dependent manner.
A method for the synthesis of unsymmetric bisphosphoric analogs of α-amino acids
Authors: Kuźnik Anna , Kozicka Dominika , Październiok-Holewa Agnieszka , Dąbek Alicja , Juszczak Karolina , Sokołowska Gloria , Erfurt Karol
Published: June 2023

An efficient, one-pot method for the synthesis of unsymmetric phosphonyl–phosphinyl and phosphonyl–phosphinoyl analogs of protein and non-protein α-amino acids with good or very good yields was reported.
Introduction to the RSC Advances Emerging Investigators Series 2022
Authors: Dumoulin Fabienne , Nakagaki Shirley
Published: June 2023

Dr Fabienne Dumoulin and Professor Shirley Nakagaki are delighted to introduce the RSC Advances Emerging Investigators Series, which highlights some of the very best work of early career researchers.
The Linguistic Input of Fathers of Children Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing
Authors: Brock Aleah S. , Hampton Claire E.
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

This study presents an exploration of facilitative language techniques (FLTs) used by fathers of children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) in the natural environment.

Method:

This investigation utilized the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) to collect full-day audio samples from three families with children who were DHH and between 22 and 27 months of age. A total of 6 hr of audio recordings per participant was manually coded for the presence of 10 FLTs used by fathers in the natural environment. These data were compared with FLT use by mothers from the same samples.

Results:

Fathers of children who are DHH used fewer overall FLTs, fewer responsive FLTs, and more directives compared with mothers.

Conclusions:

Results of this analysis indicate that fathers provide less linguistic input to their children who are DHH in the natural environment. Furthermore, their input tends to be directive in nature rather than responsive to the child. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23511948
Dynamic adaptive spatio–temporal graph network for COVID‐19 forecasting
Authors: Pu Xiaojun , Zhu Jiaqi , Wu Yunkun , Leng Chang , Bo Zitong , Wang Hongan
Published: June 2023

Appropriately characterising the mixed space–time relations of the contagion process caused by hybrid space and time factors remains the primary challenge in COVID‐19 forecasting. However, in previous deep learning models for epidemic forecasting, spatial and temporal variations are captured separately. A unified model is developed to cover all spatio–temporal relations. However, this measure is insufficient for modelling the complex spatio–temporal relations of infectious disease transmission. A dynamic adaptive spatio–temporal graph network (DASTGN) is proposed based on attention mechanisms to improve prediction accuracy. In DASTGN, complex spatio–temporal relations are depicted by adaptively fusing the mixed space–time effects and dynamic space–time dependency structure. This dual‐scale model considers the time‐specific, space‐specific, and direct effects of the propagation process at the fine‐grained level. Furthermore, the model characterises impacts from various space–time neighbour blocks under time‐varying interventions at the coarse‐grained level. The performance comparisons on the three COVID‐19 datasets reveal that DASTGN achieves state‐of‐the‐art results with a maximum improvement of 17.092% in the root mean‐square error and 11.563% in the mean absolute error. Experimental results indicate that the mechanisms of designing DASTGN can effectively detect some spreading characteristics of COVID‐19. The spatio–temporal weight matrices learned in each proposed module reveal diffusion patterns in various scenarios. In conclusion, DASTGN has successfully captured the dynamic spatio–temporal variations of COVID‐19, and considering multiple dynamic space–time relationships is essential in epidemic forecasting.
Robust object tracking via ensembling semantic‐aware network and redetection
Authors: Liu Peiqiang , Liang Qifeng , An Zhiyong , Fu Jingyi , Mao Yanyan
Published: June 2023

Most Siamese‐based trackers use classification and regression to determine the target bounding box, which can be formulated as a linear matching process of the template and search region. However, this only takes into account the similarity of features while ignoring the semantic object information, resulting in some cases in which the regression box with the highest classification score is not accurate. To address the lack of semantic information, an object tracking approach based on an ensemble semantic‐aware network and redetection (ESART) is proposed. Furthermore, a DarkNet53 network with transfer learning is used as our semantic‐aware model to adapt the detection task for extracting semantic information. In addition, a semantic tag redetection method to re‐evaluate the bounding box and overcome inaccurate scaling issues is proposed. Extensive experiments based on OTB2015, UAV123, UAV20L, and GOT‐10k show that our tracker is superior to other state‐of‐the‐art trackers. It is noteworthy that our semantic‐aware ensemble method can be embedded into any tracker for classification and regression task.
Optimal power flow analysis considering renewable energy resources uncertainty based on an improved wild horse optimizer
Authors: Hassan Mohamed H. , Kamel Salah , Hussien Abdelazim G.
Published: June 2023

In recent years, electricity networks across the globe have undergone rapid development, especially with the incorporation of various renewable energy sources (RES). The goal is to increase the penetration level of RES in the power grid to maximize energy efficiency. However, the optimal power flow (OPF) problem for conventional power generation with RES integration is highly complex, non‐linear, and non‐convex, and this complexity is further compounded when stochastic RES is integrated into the network. To address this problem, this article proposes an elite evolutionary strategy (EES) based on evolutionary approaches to improve the Wild Horse Optimizer (WHO), creating an enhanced hybrid technique called EESWHO. The proposed technique's effectiveness and robustness were tested on 23 numerical optimization test functions, including seven unimodal, six multimodal, and ten composite test functions. Furthermore, the EESWHO was applied to the modified IEEE‐30 bus test system to demonstrate its supremacy and efficacy in achieving the optimal solution. The simulation results show that the proposed EESWHO algorithm is highly effective and robust in achieving the optimal solution to the OPF problem with stochastic RES. This approach provides a practical solution to the challenges posed by the integration of RES into power networks, allowing for maximum energy efficiency while minimizing system complexity.
Comprehensive condition assessment of circuit breakers in a power network for maintenance scheduling
Authors: Aranizadeh Ali , Shahrtash Seyyed Mohammad , Gholami Ahmad
Published: June 2023

Enhancing preventive maintenance (PM) by using condition monitoring of circuit breaker (CB) can reduce maintenance costs, if enough information about the condition of this expensive equipment are provided. Here, using recorded coil current data of CBs in a power system network and on the basis of their calculated failure probability function, an algorithm is developed for comprehensive CB condition assessment. For this purpose, first, CBs are prioritized according to their cumulative failure probability functions. Second, by introducing healthy/reference CBs and comparing them with the CB with the highest priority, the condition of the latter is assessed that whether it needs maintenance or not. At last, by creating two sets of reference CBs with healthy/reference features and/or mechanisms and comparing them with the features and/or mechanisms of the CB with the highest priority, the failure part of the considered CB that needs to be repaired will be identified. The proposed methodology is straightforward, completely rule‐based and relies just on recorded data and the results have enough clarity and reliability.
Cross‐country high impedance fault diagnosis scheme for unbalanced distribution network employing detrended cross‐correlation
Authors: Sinha Pampa , Paul Kaushik , Chatterjee Sayanti , García Márquez Fausto Pedro , Ogale Jyotsna , Ali Ahmed , Khan Baseem
Published: June 2023

Distribution networks frequently experience cross‐country failures (CCFs).This study presents research that demonstrates how Cross‐Correlation may be used to extract distinctive features from faulty current signals, hence providing a threshold‐based technique for fault identification. The most challenging aspect of dealing with HIF syndrome‐related CCFs is recognizing and categorizing them. In this research, the complex, aperiodic, asymmetric, and nonlinear features of the signals generated by CCF with HIF syndrome were recovered using the Cross Correlation method. The low frequencies are filtered out using a high pass filter, leaving only the positive peak and two negative peaks in the vicinity as unique features of the correlogram. In this work, the proposed approach is put to the test on the modified imbalanced IEEE 240 Bus system. The suggested method is assessed through the lens of several different case studies, such as the switching of a capacitor bank, a reactor string, a load, a feeder, the effects of a power swing, nonlinear loads, lightly laden conditions, and measurement noise. The normal and faulty signals can be distinguished by their normalized QRS levels. By selecting the most appropriate sensors using the Jellyfish optimization method, we were also able to ascertain which bus housed CCHIF.
Semantics analysis model based on deep learning for vessel traffic service application
Authors: Han Xue , Pan Mingyang , Liu Zongying , Meng Han , Sun Hui , Zhang Ruolan
Published: June 2023

Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) significantly improves the navigation efficiency of ports. This paper proposes a model called Joint Extraction of Triples from the VHF Speech (JER‐VHF) to ensure the efficiency of the VTS. Numerous texts are extracted from the Very High Frequency (VHF) speech communication contents and these texts are organized into a dataset named VHFDT. The proposed model's transforming task transforms the voice communication contents of this dataset into a triple representation. VHFDT has a large number of overlapping triples. Therefore, this paper proposes a combined model with three categories to model the entity relations in VHF sentences, including pre‐training Chinese language model for initializing embedding from VHFDT, BiLSTM for rich features, and Multi‐head Attention for focusing on triples. In experimental part, this study uses Precision(P), Recall(R), and F1 to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method and baseline models. According to experimental results, the proposed model efficiently extracts the key information from complex language environment and achieves better work on relational triple extraction than other baseline models. The model achieved an F1‐score of 83.2% on the overlapping testing data, which is an improvement of 1.8% compared to the second‐best baseline model.
Revealing the ionising star of evolved planetary nebulae
Authors: Weidmann W. A. , Werner K. , Ahumada J. A. , Pignata R. A. , Firpo V.
Published: June 2023

Context. Planetary nebulae represent a late stage of the evolution of stars of ordinary mass. The nucleus of a planetary nebula, a stellar remnant, is a faint star for which it is usually difficult to gather spectroscopic data. The spectral types of these stars cover a wide range, mainly separated into two large groups, those rich in hydrogen and those that are not. In this complex scenery it is of great importance to increase the number of stars with defined spectral types and physical parameters. In this way, we can improve our actual models of stellar evolution.

Aims. Our main objective is to increase the number of known white dwarfs that are the ionisation sources of planetary nebulae. Our aim is to obtain the spectral type and physical parameters of these stars, which are to be confronted with models of stellar evolution. In this way, we want to increase our knowledge of the final stages of stellar evolution.

Methods. We present Gemini spectra of nine nuclei of faint and extended southern planetary nebulae. The spectra were fitted with models of stellar atmospheres, which allowed the derivation of their atmospheric parameters. In addition, stellar evolution models were used to infer the stars’ mass.

Results. We discovered six hydrogen-rich white dwarfs (spectral types DA and DAO; effective temperatures in the range Teff = 60 000–80 000 K). One of the DAO white dwarfs is probably a new member of only a few known post-red-giant-branch central stars. In addition, we found two hot hydrogen-deficient PG 1159 stars (Teff = 120 000 and 160 000 K). Taken together, this represents a significant increase in the number of known white dwarf central stars. We also discovered an early O(H) star (Teff = 90 000 K).
Modulation depth of the gyrosynchrotron emission as an identifier of fundamental sausage modes
Authors: Cécere M. , Costa A. , Van Doorsselaere T.
Published: June 2023

Aims. We aim to study the intensity, the modulation depth, and the mean modulation depth of the gyrosynchrotron (GS) radiation as a function of the frequency and the line of sight (LOS) in fast sausage modes.

Methods. By solving the 2.5D magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) ideal equations of a straight coronal loop considering the chromosphere and with typical flaring plasma parameters we analyse the wavelet transform of the density and the GS emission for different radio frequencies and different spatial resolutions, given impulsive and general perturbations with energies in the microflare range.

Results. A wavelet analysis performed over the GS radiation emission showed that a fast fundamental sausage mode of ∼7 s with a first harmonic mode of 3 s developed, for all the initial energy perturbations used. For both the high spatial resolution (central pixel integration) and the low spatial resolution (entire loop integration), the larger the radio frequency, the larger the modulation depth. However, high- and low-resolution integrations differ in that the larger the LOS angle with respect to the loop axis, the larger and smaller the modulation depth, respectively.

Conclusions. Fast MHD modes triggered by instantaneous energy depositions of the order of a microflare energy are able to reproduce deep intensity modulation depths in radio emission as observed in solar events. As the trends of the GS emission previously obtained for a linear and forced oscillation remain present when analysing a more general context, considering the chromosphere and where the sausage mode is triggered by an impulsive, non-linear perturbation, it seems that the behaviour found can be used as observational identifiers of the presence of sausage modes with respect to other quasi-periodic pulsation features. It can be inferred from this that finite-amplitude sausage modes have the potential to generate the observed deep modulation depths.
Quality and price competition in a duopoly under product liability and traceability
Authors: Fan Jianchang , Wan Nana , Li Zhun , Fu Hong
Published: June 2023

This study aims to explore how traceability affects quality and price competition in a duopoly. A theoretical model is developed in which both enterprises are liable to recall low-quality (defective) products identified by traceability and compensate consumers for the disutility caused by unidentified low-quality products. The equilibrium results are derived by determining the optimal product quality and sales price decisions. The key findings are highlighted below. (1) Traceability affects product quality primarily through the expected social cost (the sum of expected recall cost and expected consumer disutility), i.e., higher (lower) expected social cost induced by increased traceability of each enterprise leads to higher (lower) product quality for both enterprises, enhancing (reducing) quality competition. (2) If an enterprise’s improved (decreased) product quality is driven by its own increased traceability, it will result in lower (higher) consumer demand and profit, while it will result in higher (lower) consumer demand and profit if caused by its competitor’s increased traceability. (3) If an enterprise’s increased traceability results in higher expected social cost, the enterprise’s sales price falls while the competitor’s sales price rises; otherwise, both enterprises’ sales prices fall, leading to greater price competition. (4) Quality competition is unaffected by product liability but is improved by increased recall cost and consumer disutility, whereas price competition is intensified by increased consumer disutility but is reduced by increased product liability and recall cost. Managerial insights are also discussed.
Rückkehr zum Sport nach Rekonstruktion des vorderen Kreuzbandes – Welche Faktoren beeinflussen die Return to Sport-Entscheidung?
Authors: Achermann Sibylle , Marty Julia , Beck Andreas , Rieger Bertram , Hirschmüller Anja , Baur Heiner
Published: June 2023

Hintergrund Es ist unklar, welche validen Kriterien herangezogen werden sollen, um eine Freigabe zum Sport (Return to Sport, RTS) nach Rekonstruktion des vorderen Kreuzbandes (VKBR) zu begründen. Die Fragestellung ist, ob das Geschlecht, das Alter, das Outcome der isokinetischen Maximalkraftmessung und des Einbein-Sprungtests (quantitativ/qualitativ) Einfluss auf die Entscheidung für eine Rückkehr zum Sport 9 Monate nach VKBR haben.

Methoden Die vorliegende Studie ist eine retrospektiven Datenanalyse. Die Fragestellung wurde anhand einer multiplen logistischen Regressionsanalyse (MLR) beantwortet. Die abhängige Variable „RTS ja/nein“ basiert auf der Entscheidung des behandelnden Orthopäden 9 Monate (±30 Tage) nach VKBR unter Berücksichtigung der Funktionstests. Der Einfluss folgender Faktoren wurde geprüft: Geschlecht, Alter, Limb Symmetry Index (LSI) der Maximalkrafttests der Knieextensoren und -flexoren bei 60°/s, LSI des Einbein-Sprungtests und die Beurteilung der funktionellen Beinachse bezüglich der Knievalgusstellung zum Zeitpunkt der RTS-Entscheidung.

Resultate 71 Patientendaten wurden in die MLR eingeschlossen. Die Odds Ratio (OR) für eine Sportfreigabe wurde erhöht durch das weibliche Geschlecht (OR 4,808; p=0,035), höhere Werte des LSI der maximalen Knieextensionskraft (OR 1,117; p=0,009) und höhere Werte des LSI des Einbein-Sprungtests (OR 1,125; p=0,020). Das Alter, der LSI der Maximalkraft der Knieflexion und die funktionelle Beinachse (Valgus) hatten keinen Einfluss auf die RTS-Entscheidung.

Schlussfolgerung Das Geschlecht sowie die LSI-Werte der Maximalkraft der Knieextensoren und des Einbein-Sprungtests stehen in Zusammenhang mit RTS nach 9 Monaten. Die Resultate sollen zur Optimierung der Rehabilitation nach VKBR in Betracht gezogen werden. In Zukunft sollten das präoperative Aktivitätslevel und die psychologische Bereitschaft, um in den Sport zurückzukehren, erhoben werden, um dessen Einfluss auf die RTS-Entscheidung überprüfen zu können.
Return to sport after conservative treatment of elbow dislocation in judoka
Authors: Lambert Christophe , Ritzmann Ramona , Geßlein Markus , Bouillon Bertil , Höher Jürgen , Akoto Ralph , Wafaisade Arasch
Published: June 2023

Background Injuries to the elbow are frequent in judo combat, but
studies on down-time and effect on performance after conservative treatments are rare. This
issue is particularly relevant for elbow dislocations in high-performance patients such as
elite athletes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate (1) time-loss and (2) the regained
level of performance in judoka after conservative treatment of simple elbow
dislocation.

Methods In cooperation with the European Judo Union, judoka
were asked to complete a 139-item survey regarding elbow injuries they suffered during their
career. Besides demographics, injury data, diagnosis and treatment options, the athletes were
asked about down-time and reductions in performance level. This study enrolled 108 judoka
with conservative treatment of elbow dislocation out of a population of 5426
volunteers.

Results 69% (n=74) reported a time-loss of less than three
months; 6% reported a time-loss of more than six months. The majority (68%, n=73) reported
that they had returned to their previous performance level, while 22% (n=24) suffered from a
slightly reduced level of performance. In the subgroup of international and national athletes
(n=54), 63% returned to judo after less than three months, with 72% achieving the same level
and 15% reporting a slightly reduced performance level. Level of performance and time lost
after conservative treatment for elbow dislocations were comparable for male and female
judoka.

Conclusion Approximately two out of three judoka returned to
the same level of performance after three months of down-time after undergoing conservative
therapy for simple elbow dislocations. Despite the high performance level of the study
population, conservative treatment of simple elbow dislocation resulted in satisfactory
outcomes. The presented data can guide medical professionals and competitive-level
contact-sport athletes with respect to expectations in the process of returning to
sport.
Ghost Ileostomy Release Down-Our Initial Experience
Authors: Khan Mudassir Ahmad , Baba Arshad , Wani Rouf Ahmad , Mehraj Asif , Parray Fazl Q , Chowdri Nisar Ahmad
Published: June 2023

Background Many publications describe the advantages of the creation of ghost ileostomy (GI) to prevent the need for formal covering ileostomy in more than 80% of carcinoma rectum patients. However, none of the papers describes exactly how to ultimately remove the GI in these 80% of patients in whom it doesn't need formal maturation.

Aim To describe and evaluate the ghost ileostomy release down (GIRD) technique in terms of feasibility, complications, hospital stay, procedure time etc. in patients with low anterior resection/ultra-low anterior resection (LAR/uLAR) with GI for carcinoma rectum.

Method The present was a prospective cohort study of patients with restorative colorectal resections with GI for carcinoma rectum, Postoperatively the patients were studied with respect to ease and feasibility of the release down of GI and its complications. The data was collected, analyzed and inference drawn.

Results A total of 26 patients needed the GIRD and were included in the final statistical analysis of the study. The procedure was done between 7th to 16th postoperative days (POD) and was successful in all patients without the need of any additional surgical procedure. None of the patients required any local anesthetic injection or any extra analgesics. The average time taken for procedure was 5-minutes and none of the patients had any significant difficulty in GI release. There were no immediate postprocedure complications.

Conclusion The GIRD technique is a simple, safe, and quick procedure done around the 10th POD that can easily be performed by the bedside of patient without the need of any anesthesia or additional analgesics.
Workers' Compensation Costs for Occupational Hearing Loss Claims in the United States, 2009–2013
Authors: Masterson Elizabeth A. , Wurzelbacher Steven J. , Bushnell P. Timothy , Tseng Chih-Yu
Published: June 2023

This study estimated the average annual number of U.S. workers' compensation (WC) claims for occupational hearing loss (OHL) and their associated cost and identified the industry/occupation classifications with the highest numbers of OHL claims. The most recent U.S. cost estimate ($242 million) was based on data from one state in 1 year (1991). WC data from the National Council on Compensation Insurance, Inc. (35 states) and two additional individual states were examined, incorporating data from 37 states and the District of Columbia. Costs and numbers of claims were estimated for the 13 missing states to develop estimates for the United States. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to develop ranges for the point estimates. The estimated U.S. average annual OHL claim cost fell within the range of $49 to $67 million during 2009–2013, with a point estimate of $60 million (2013 dollars). The estimated average annual number of OHL claims ranged from 4,114 to 5,986, with a point estimate of 4,965 claims. Based on data available from 36 states and DC, 18 of the 40 industry/occupation classifications with ≥50 OHL claims were in the manufacturing sector. WC data underestimate the true burden of OHL. Most OHL cases are not compensated. WC laws, industry composition and other factors vary widely by state, so estimates must employ data for many states. This study incorporated data from most states and utilized sensitivity and comparative analyses to obtain estimates. Workers in a wide range of industry/occupation classifications need special attention to prevent OHL.
Metastatic Clear-Cell Renal Carcinoma: An Exceptional Cause of Ileocolonic Intussusception in Adults
Authors: Alvarez-Bautista Francisco E. , Hoyos-Torres Alejandro , Sarre-Lazcano Catherine , Andrade-Rojas Juan J. , Salgado-Nesme Noel
Published: June 2023

Introduction Intussusceptions in adults are rare, representing 1% to 5% of intestinal obstructions in this age group. This condition can be caused by benign and malignant lesions acting as lead points, the latter being the most frequent. Furthermore, the diagnosis is challenging due to the non-specific symptoms with variable duration.

Case Presentation A 43-year-old man, with a history of localized clear-cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) treated 9 years earlier with a right radical nephrectomy, presented with bowel obstruction symptoms. An abdominal computed tomography scan showed an ileocolonic intussusception. Hence, the patient required a right hemicolectomy with ileotransverse anastomosis. The histopathological analysis showed a metastatic ccRC to the terminal ileum causing the intussusception.

Discussion Adult intussusceptions are rare. However, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with abdominal pain and symptoms of bowel obstruction. Metastases of renal cancer to the small bowel are uncommon and even more so in the form of intussusception. Definitive treatment must be tailored to the patient's condition and underlying cause.
Risk Factors and Outcomes of Occurrence of Anastomotic Leakage and Reoperations for its Management after Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Ibrahim Amr , Gertallah Loay M. , Naguib Sameh Mohamed , Hemeda Rehab , Gomaa Ahmed Fathy , Ghoneme Mahmoud , Sherbiny Mahmoud , Sharaf Ahmed Lotfy , Harb Ola A. , Baiomy Taha A.
Published: June 2023

Background Anastomotic leakage (AL) is still the most annoying postsurgery complication after colorectal resection due to its serious complications up to death. Limited data were available regarding differences in AL incidence, management, and consequences for different types of colorectal resection.

The aim of the present work was to evaluate differences in incidence of AL, incidence of postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay in a large number of patients who underwent elective colorectal resection for management of colorectal lesions. In addition to detect when and what type of reoperation for management of AL occur after colorectal resection.

Patients All 250 included patients underwent elective surgeries for colorectal resection with performance of primary anastomosis for management of colorectal neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases in the period between May 2016 and July 31, 2021.

We followed the patients for 90 days; we registered the follow-up findings.

Results the rates of AL occurrence were variable after the different procedures. The lowest rate of AL occurrence was found in patients who underwent right hemicolectomy, then in patients who underwent sigmoidectomy, left hemicolectomy, transversectomy and anterior resection (p = 0.004). A stoma was frequently performed during reoperation (79.5%) which was significantly different between different procedures: 65.5% in right hemicolectomy, 75.0% in transversectomy, 85.7% in left hemicolectomy, and 93.0% in sigmoid resection (p < 0.001).

Conclusion Rates, types, time of occurrence and severity of AL vary according to the type of colectomy performed and selective construction of stoma during AL reoperation is currently safely applied with comparable mortality rates for patients who did and who did not have a stoma after reoperation.
Our Experience of Emergency Colorectal Injury as a Result of Abdominal Trauma
Authors: Taş Ilhan , Yiğit Ebral
Published: June 2023

Objective In the present study, we aimed to examine the treatments and their outcomes in cases with colon injuries after blunt and penetrating abdominal traumas.

Materials and Methods Twenty-six patients who underwent a laparotomy and were found to have a colon injury due to blunt abdominal trauma, penetrating stab injury, gunshot injury, and traffic accident were included. All patients were admitted into the emergency outpatient clinic of Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital General Surgery Clinic between 2016 and 2020. The records of the cases were analyzed retrospectively.

Results Colon injuries were detected in 26 cases. All 26 (100%) cases were males with an average age of 29.80 ± 11.4 (range: 17–60) years old.

Colon injuries observed during emergency operations included 18 (69.23%) patients with a GSI (gunshot injuries), 3 (11.53%) with penetrating stab injuries, 4 (15.38%) who were a part of traffic accidents and 1 (3.85%) patient with a blunt abdominal trauma.

A primary colon repair was performed in 10 patients. Five patients underwent a colon resection and there were end colostomies. Four patients underwent a loop ileostomy after a colon resection and anastomosis. Colon resections with anastomoses were performed in seven patients. The mean hospitalization period was 26 ± 29.28 days.

Conclusion Patients should be classified intraoperatively with findings, such as peritoneal contamination, degree of colon injury, duration of the injury, and any accompanying injuries.
Identification and Reporting of Anal Pathology during Routine Colonoscopies
Authors: Albuquerque Andreia , Etienney Isabelle
Published: June 2023

The gold-standard procedure for anal canal examination is anoscopy. Nonetheless, patients are referred for a colonoscopy for many reasons, and a routine exam might provide an opportunity to diagnose anal pathologies, such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal polyps, condylomas, and anal squamous cell carcinoma. It is important to know the main features of these conditions and relevant information to report in order to help guide patient treatment and follow-up.
Detection of electromagnetic phase transitions using a helical cavity susceptometer
Authors: Lapa Pavel N. , Kassabian George , Basaran Ali C. , Schuller Ivan K.
Published: June 2023

Fast and sensitive phase transition detection is one of the most important requirements for new material synthesis and characterization. For solid-state samples, microwave absorption techniques can be employed for detecting phase transitions because it simultaneously monitors changes in electronic and magnetic properties. However, microwave absorption techniques require expensive high-frequency microwave equipment and bulky hollow cavities. Due to size limitations in conventional instruments, it is challenging to implement these cavities inside a laboratory cryostat. In this work, we designed and built a susceptometer that consists of a small helical cavity embedded into a custom insert of a commercial cryostat. This cavity resonator operated at sub-GHz frequencies is extremely sensitive to changes in material parameters, such as electrical conductivity, magnetization, and electric and magnetic susceptibilities. To demonstrate its operation, we detected superconducting phase transition in Nb and YBa2Cu3O7−δ, metal–insulator transitions in V2O3, ferromagnetic transition in Gd, and magnetic field induced transformation in meta magnetic NiCoMnIn single crystals. This high sensitivity apparatus allows the detection of trace amounts of materials (10−9-cc) undergoing an electromagnetic transition in a very broad temperature (2–400 K) and magnetic field (up to 90 kOe) ranges.
Influence of lattice vibrations and phonon interactions on the ion transport properties of grain boundary tailored Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 solid-state electrolyte ceramics
Authors: Ghosh Sayan , Sudarshan C. , Sudakar C.
Published: June 2023

Lithium ions shuttle between electrodes through the ceramic solid electrolyte across the boundary regions in a solid-state Li-ion battery. This work demonstrates how phonon vibrations get altered by sintering conditions, and grain boundaries (GBs) could be useful in enhancing the ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes. GB engineered Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) ceramics are prepared using a sol-gel process and performed sintering under different conditions, viz., spark plasma sintering (SPS) and conventional isothermal sintering (CIS). The former exhibits GB regions with amorphous characteristics, whereas the latter shows a sharp boundary between crystalline grains. LATP-SPS ceramic shows two orders of higher ionic conductivity (σ = 1.02 × 10−5 S/cm at 300 K and 100 Hz) than LATP-CIS. We investigate the interrelation between lattice vibration and lithium-ion migration by monitoring the changes in vibrational mode characteristics of LATP ceramics through temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy. Raman modes of LATP-SPS exhibit a higher Raman shift (∼2 cm−1 at 123 K) due to increased defects, preferentially from grain boundary regions, compared to the LATP-CIS pellet. Most of the vibrational modes undergo a red shift (∼10 cm−1) with increasing temperature, except for the O–P–O bending mode [A1g(3)], which exhibits a blue shift (∼3 cm−1). These observations correlate with interstitial ionic migration in the LATP framework. Force constant of the observed Raman modes suggests that lithium-ion migration is assisted significantly by dynamic structural changes of the (PO4)3− sublattice. Anharmonicities observed from temperature-dependent changes in Raman profiles are explained using three-phonon and four-phonon scattering processes, which lower the migration barrier and, hence, contribute to higher ionic conductivity.
The economic impact of energy storage co-deployment on renewable energy in China
Authors: Zhang Jian , Du Ke , Liu Jinyue , Wang Yushan , Zhang Wen , Yuan Jiahai
Published: June 2023

Given the pillar role of renewable energy in the low-carbon energy transition and the balancing role of energy storage, many supporting policies have been promulgated worldwide to promote their development. To achieve the ambitious goal of no less than 1200 GW of wind and solar by 2030, China has also introduced policies to encourage the deployment of energy storage for the grid integration of renewable energy. The national policy is conducive to enhancing system flexibility for renewable integration, but it will also add the costs of renewable energy, especially when counting the regional differences. This paper adopts an improved levelized cost of electricity model to examine the total costs of renewable power co-deployed with energy storage in different provinces of China. The results show that the nationally unified energy storage co-deployment requirement, namely, 15% capacity ratio of renewable installation and 4 h duration, will negatively affect the economics of renewable generation, leading to an average cost increase in 15% and 21% for wind and photovoltaic generation, respectively. The economics of co-deploying energy storage under current market mechanism is inferior, but it can be effectively improved when energy storage participates in ancillary services market. With the revenue of frequency regulation, the cost of renewable co-deployed with energy storage can be even less than that without co-deployment in most provinces, except for Hebei, Jiangxi, and Gansu. An independent market entity status is thus conducive to encourage the co-deployment. Our finding also implies for a province-specific energy storage co-deployment policy.
Atomistic model of the anisotropic response of ortho-Mo2C to indentation
Authors: Padilla Espinosa Ingrid M. , Karaaslan Yenal , Sevik Cem , Martini Ashlie
Published: June 2023

Molybdenum carbide has various applications for which studying the material using classical molecular dynamics simulations would be valuable. Here, we develop an empirical potential within the Tersoff formalism using particle swarm optimization for the orthorhombic phase of Mo2C. The developed potential is shown to predict lattice constants, elastic properties, and equation of state results that are consistent with current and previously reported results from experiments and first principles calculations. We demonstrate the potential with simulations of indentation using multiple indenter sizes that load and unload in three different directions relative to the crystallographic lattice of orthorhombic Mo2C. Direction-dependent force-displacement trends are analyzed and explained in terms of the spatial distributions of stress and strain within the material during indentation. This study reveals the anisotropic elasticity of orthorhombic Mo2C and, more generally, provides researchers with a new empirical potential that can be used to explore the properties and behavior of the material going forward.
Effects of changing thermal conductivity on photothermal excitation in non-local semiconductor material subjected to moisture diffusion and laser pulses
Authors: El-Sapa Shreen , Ghazouani Nejib , Becheikh Nidhal , El-Bary Alaa A. , Lotfy Khaled
Published: June 2023

A novel model is presented in this study for the situation of wave interference in a non-local stimulated semiconductor medium, including thermal, plasma, and elastic waves. Moisture diffusion in one dimension (1D) has been included in the governing equations by varying the non-local medium's thermal conductivity under the impact of laser pulse according to the non-Gaussian temporal profile. The dimensionless model was characterized by linear transformations. Analytical solutions were obtained by applying Laplace transforms to a description of the governing equations based on the photo-thermoelasticity theory based on moisture diffusivity and variable thermal conductivity. When applying certain of the circumstances (thermal ramp type and non-Gaussian plasma shock), linear solutions are achieved in the time domain using various numerical techniques based on inverse Laplace transforms. Some of the physical variables being studied are visually shown via numerical simulation. The present investigation has produced numerous important concrete instances. Using graphs and theoretical descriptions, several contrasts are drawn, while certain physical factors, such as relaxation durations, changing thermal conductivity, non-local parameters, and reference moisture values, are in play.
Roll waves as relaxation oscillations
Authors: Razis Dimitrios , Kanellopoulos Giorgos , van der Weele Ko
Published: June 2023

Granular roll waves consist of a long rising flank, followed by an abrupt fall. Based on this observation, we draw a parallel between roll waves and relaxation oscillations. From the generalized Saint-Venant equations, we derive a dynamical system governing the shape of the waves. Casting this system in the Liénard form, custom-made for studying relaxation oscillations, we find an analytical expression for the wavelength of roll waves as a function of their amplitude.