bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El proceso educativo de los jóvenes en la novela Suerte mulana de María Jesús Alvarado
Authors: Kouadio Djoko Luis Stéphane
Published: March 2021

María Jesús Alvarado identifica puntos importantes del proceso edu-cativo en Suerte Mulana mediante la necesidad de la maduración de los jóvenes a nivel físico, así como a nivel de las facultades mentales. La escritora indica que esta maduración se basa en un aprendizaje cultural que remite, a su vez, al uso tanto del cuerpo como de las facul-tades a través del desarrollo de la ref lexión, el amor al otro y al medio ambiente. Así, el proceso educativo termina con la destrucción de las fronteras entre seres humanos de culturas diferentes.
Historia y memoria en la novela española del siglo XX (2000–2018)
Authors: Fortuño Llorens Santiago
Published: March 2021

Lahistoria y la memoria, bajo la modalidad denominada autoficción, son características de la narrativa española en las dos primeras décadas del presente siglo. Este trabajo sitúa y analiza algunas novelas de este período, representativas en la trayectoria de sus autores y significativas literariamente en cuanto a los temas y tratamiento formal, a la recreación de los ámbitos y vivencias de los personajes y en su repercusión en el ámbito social.
Manuel García y su escuela vocal
Authors: Kubala Małgorzata
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo está dedicado a Manuel García, tenor español, compositor y uno de los más sobresalientes profesores de canto de la primera mitad del siglo XIX. García basó su escuela vocal en el estilo italiano llamado belcanto, proveniente a su vez de los evirados, y desarrolló su técnica significativamente, gracias a sus cualidades vocales naturales y sus habilidades personales. Fue considerado un especialista en el estilo español e intérprete sin igual de Mozart y Rossini. Sus logros se vieron enriquecidos por sus tres hijos: Manuel Patricio García, María Malibrán y Pauline Viardot-García. El estudio de los textos legados por la familia García es una gran fuente de información para descubrir los principios de su escuela y lo que de ella persiste en la técnica vocal actual.
Influence of Different Maturity Stages on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Seed Quality during Storage at -20°C
Authors: Tetteh Rashied , Aboagye Lawrence Misa , Darko Robert
Published: March 2021

Background: Tomato is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world due to its dietary value. Harvesting and storing of physiologically matured tomato seeds is very important to secure good quality seeds for future use in a changing climate. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of maturity stages on seed quality of two tomato accessions during cold storage. Methods: Seeds of two tomato accessions extracted at four maturity stages (i.e. initially ripe, half ripe, fully ripe and rotten) were stored at -20oC in a deep freezer for 12 months. The quality of stored seeds was measured by seed vigour and germination percentage at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after storage. Conclusion: The study showed significant differences in seed vigour and germination percentage at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after storage (MAS) among the maturity stages. Seeds extracted at the initially ripe stage in GH 9305 had the least vigour at 3, 6, 9 and 12 MAS. The highest reduction in seed quality during the storage period was observed in seeds extracted at the rotten stage in both accessions. Seed vigour and germination were higher in GH 9207 than GH 9305. Storage of physiologically matured tomato seeds at freezing temperature is necessary to reduce seed ageing and to maintain high seed quality.
Morphometrical Studies on the Exterior of the Heart of Pre-natal Non-descript Sheep
Authors: Sahu S.K. , Mishra U.K. , Sathapathy S. , Nanda S.M.
Published: March 2021

Background: Heart is the principal organ of circulatory system that pumps blood into the blood vessels and performs many vital functions. Its development before birth must be studied to safeguard the animal from the occurrence and consequences of various developmental anomalies. The detailed morphometry of different external parameters of heart especially in pre-natal sheep has not yet been reported. Methods: The foeti of sheep were divided into three age groups viz. early prenatal (up to 50 days), mid prenatal (51-100 days) and late prenatal (101 to 150 days) with fifteen animals in each age group. The various external parameters were recorded by using digital weighing machine, graduated measuring cylinder, digital Vernier’s calliper, non-stretchable nylon thread and graduated scale. The data recorded was statistically analysed by one way ANOVA with IBM SPSS 25.0 version software. Result: It was revealed that the average width of heart at its base was 4.82±0.22mm, 10.52±0.72mm and 21.57±1.03mm in early prenatal, mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively. The average dorso-ventral length of left ventricle of heart was measured as 4.82±0.14mm, 12.07±1.16mm and 25.58±0.88mm in early prenatal, mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively. The average distance between the left longitudinal groove and cranial border of heart at base was measured as 2.93±0.11mm, 6.38±0.39mm and 9.78±0.41mm in early prenatal, mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively. Similarly, the average distance between the right longitudinal groove and cranial border of heart at middle was measured as 1.96±0.09mm, 5.01±0.34mm and 8.31±0.50mm in early prenatal, mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively. All these parameters recorded showed significant (p ≤ 0.01) differences among the ages.
Principales microorganismos entomopatógenos de Tecia solanivora y sus mecanismos de acción
Authors: Guerra-Luran Emmanuel , Acero-Godoy Jovanna
Published: March 2021

La papa (Solanum tuberosum) es uno de los cultivo de mayor importancia en Colombia y a nivel mundial, se destaca por ser una de las fuentes vegetales de proteínas y carbohidratos. S. tuberosum se ve afectado por una gran cantidad de plagas, entre ellas se encuentra Tecia solanivora, este importante fitopatógeno fue identificado en Guatemala - (Centroamérica). El presente artículo está centrado en exponer el control biológico utilizado para contrarrestar el ataque de T. solanivora, que abarca el uso de microorganismos y la producción de exo-productos microbianos. Actualmente los principales microorganismos antagónicos de T. solanivora son: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), granulovirus, y los nematodos Steinernema sp y Heterorhabditis sp. Para lograr la infección, estos microorganismos deben sobrevivir las condiciones adversas del ambiente, colonizar su entorno y finalmente evadir la respuesta inmune del huésped, lo anterior lo logran produciendo diferentes exo-productos con actividades antimicrobianas, líticas y tóxicas, entre otros. Esta importante característica le permite a un agricultor mantener las poblaciones del insecto a niveles inferiores.
Aplicación del valor de tono de color directo para el control cromático del proceso de recubrimiento de tabletas farmacéuticas
Authors: Murillo-Fernández Mac Arturo , Montero-Zeledón Ernesto , Gutiérrez-Fallas Dionisio , Melgosa-Latorre Manuel , Pacheco-Molina Jorge
Published: March 2021

Se propone una aplicación novedosa de la fórmula SCTV (Spot Color Tone Value) proveniente de la industria de reproducción gráfica, para el control de la calidad del proceso de recubrimiento de tabletas farmacéuticas. Se analizan dos procedimientos: uno mediante la obtención de los espectros de reflectancia, de los cuales se pueden derivar los atributos cromáticos, y otro a partir de la obtención de las coordenadas de color de una imagen fotográfica calibrada. Nuestro objetivo es reducir la necesidad de intervención, extracción y destrucción de tabletas durante el control de calidad, además de facilitar el control y evaluación del proceso de forma remota, generando respuestas en tiempo real para la toma de decisiones.
Relationship Building in Cohort-Based Instruction: Implications for Rehabilitation Counselor Pedagogy and Professional Development
Authors: Degeneffe Charles Edmund , Grenawalt Teresa Ann , Friefeld Kesselmayer Rachel
Published: March 2021

Background

Graduate studies in rehabilitation counseling present a variety of social, academic, and professional demands. To date, previous research has largely neglected the role that relationships among students that can help in addressing these demands.

Objective

The present exploratory study examined how relationships formed during a Master's Rehabilitation Counseling Education (RCE) specialization program enhanced the experience of participants both during their studies and following graduation.

Methods

A total of 33 graduates of a cohort-based, Cognitive Disabilities Certificate (CDC) program were asked to reflect on the impacts of relationship-building on their experiences as students as well as their post-CDC professional development. Results were examined through phenomenological qualitative data analysis.

Results

Participant responses revealed relationships as cohort members formed during graduate studies enhanced their student experience with facilitating camaraderie, enhancing learning, promoting student success, and providing employment leads. With regard to professional development, participants indicated their cohort-based relationships enhanced professional development, provided resources, and facilitated professional collaboration.

Conclusion

The benefits of cohort-based relationship building that began during graduate education extended beyond into the professional careers of participants. More use of cohort-based instruction in RCE programs may be more likely to facilitate productive and supportive relationships.
Kepribadian Islam dalam Siklus Ekonomi Terdampak Covid-19
Authors: Aziz RM
Published: March 2021

Kepribadian menurut psikologi Islam adalah integrasi sistem hati, akal, dan hasrat manusia yang memunculkan perilaku. Aspek nafsani manusia memiliki tiga kekuatan, yaitu: (1) qalbu (kodrat ilahi) sebagai aspek supra-sadar manusia yang memiliki kekuatan emosional (akal); (2) alasan (sifat manusia) sebagai aspek kesadaran manusia yang memiliki kekuatan cipta; (3) nafsu (fitrah hayawaniyah) sebagai aspek bawah dari kesadaran manusia yang memiliki kekuatan konasi (karsa). Sedangkan faktor-faktor yang membentuk kepribadian dibagi menjadi tiga aliran yaitu Empirisme, Nativisme, dan Konvergensi. Covid-19 atau disebut virus corona adalah wabah yang dimulai di Wuhan, Tiongkok dan dimulai pada 2019 akhir, saat ini telah menyebar ke seluruh dunia dan menjadi pandemi global. Banyak teori yang memperkirakan asal muasal virus ini ada. Setiap negara memberlakukan kebijakan masing-masing untuk mencegah virus ini, dan berusaha keras menyembuhkan pasien positif corona, dan meminimalisir dampak terburuknya. Ekonomi adalah ilmu yang mempelajari bagaimana perilaku dan aktivitas manusia dalam menciptakan kemakmuran, dengan berbagai kegiatan seperti produksi, distribusi, dan konsumsi. Pokok dari pembahasan ini yaitu kepribadian dalam psikologi Islam, covid-19, serta ekonomi akan dianalisis keterkaitan antar ketiganya dalam penelitian ini.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Melalui Strategi Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) Mata Pelajaran IPS Siswa Kelas III SDN Kalianget Barat II Kab. Sumenep
Authors: Sutrisno Tri
Published: March 2021

This research aims to; Want to know an increase in social studies learning achievement after the implementation of cooperative learning model Teams Assisted Individualization class III students of SDN Kalianget Barat II Kab. Sumenep "; Want to know the effect of motivation to study social studies after the implementation of cooperative learning model Teams Assisted Individualization class III students SDN Kalianget Barat II Kab. Sumenep ", provides an overview of appropriate learning methods in an effort to improve student achievement and make students become active in teaching and learning activities. In this study using a class action research design (CAR). The design of the classroom action research was chosen because (1) the study of classroom context research was carried out by the teacher to solve social studies learning problems, because the third grade students of SDN Kalianget Barat II Regency. Sumenep still experiencing difficulties in achievement especially social studies subjects, has not found the right learning strategy. Based on the results of the research that has been presented for three cycles, the results of the entire discussion and analysis that have been carried out can be concluded as follows; The TAI model of cooperative learning methods can improve the quality of social studies learning; The TAI model of cooperative learning method has a positive impact in increasing student achievement which is marked by an increase in student learning completeness in each cycle, namely cycle I (68.42%), cycle II (81.58%), cycle III (94.74% ).
Respons Guru Dalam Menumbuhkan Nilai Mandiri Melalui Pembelajaran IPS Selama Masa Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru Covid-19 di Jawa Timur
Authors: Putra Ahmad Tanfidzi Dharma , Harmanto Harmanto , Kasdi Aminuddin
Published: March 2021

The implementation of character education in Indonesia is deemed not optimal, because it has not fully implemented character values to its full potential. The Indonesian government through Presidential Regulation Number 87 in 2017 launched the Strengthening Character Education program in all education units covering nationalist, independent, religious, integrity, and mutual cooperation. The purpose of this study was to document the teacher's response in independent values as one of the values in strengthening character education through social studies learning during the adaption of Covid-19 period. Participants included 19 randomized social studies teachers in East Java. This research is a descriptive study with an instrument form list of interviews. Data in the form of teacher responses were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that 84.2% of teachers had facilitated the growth of independent values in students who were written in the Long Distance Learning Implementation and 52.6% of teachers said that distance learning social studies was less effective, so there needed to be an interesting method for distance learning social studies so the learning become more effective.
PENGUATAN LITERASI BUDAYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA MELALUI MEDIA TEKS NARASI BERMUATAN KEARIFAN LOKAL
Authors: Kayati Afiyah Nur
Published: March 2021

The era of the industrial revolution 4.0 provides many challenges for students. These challenges not only focus on cognitive intelligence, but also intelligence in acting primarily in responding to cultural diversity. Cultural literacy is a basic skill that must be mastered by students that can be integrated into learning in schools. Through cultural literacy, students can increase knowledge and skills in understanding and behaving towards Indonesian culture as a national identity. This study aims to describe the strengthening of cultural literacy in Indonesian language learning through narrative texts that are loaded with local wisdom. This research is a qualitative research with literature study method. The strategy of cultural literacy in Indonesian language learning in schools can be done by providing narrative texts containing local wisdom as teaching media. The narrative text can be in the form of fiction narrative and non-fiction narrative. Culture, customs, and philosophy of life of the people contained in the narrative text containing local wisdom can increase students' knowledge about the culture of the region that they do not know yet. The narrative text of local wisdom contains noble values that can increase students' ability in responding to cultural diversity.
Islam in Madurese’s Cosmological Interpretation: Structural Analysis of Tanean Lanjeng in Madura
Authors: Humaidi Zuhri
Published: March 2021

Madurese are known as devout Muslims. Islam and Madurese culture are two integrated identities like two sides of a coin. Islam and Madurese culture shape the value, word view and culture of Madurese people. Then, how significance are these two aspects in its cosmological order? What is Madurese’s cognitive structure in interpreting their world and forming a material culture? These questions are problems that will be revealed in this paper through research on Tanean Lanjeng, which is a typical settlement pattern in Madura. With Levi Strauss's structuralism approach, Tanean Lanjeng is seen as a code of conduct from the cognitive structure of the Madura people who formulate their ideas and actions. Tanean Lanjeng is a surface structure of a culture while the cognitive aspect is a deep structure. This paper further elaborates that the tanean lanjeng settlements in Madura not only have practical and social functions but show certain meanings that reflects the thinking and worldview of the Madurese. Values such as the equality of male and female relations, strong kinship ties, respect for certain figures, and Islam that are so deeply rooted in a structure that determines how Madurese behave, shape culture and interpret the world around them.
Burdah Al-Bushiri Poetry Perception of Kapuas Muslim Scholars
Authors: Emawati Emawati , Liadi Fimeir , Salihah Putri Rafi
Published: March 2021

This article studies the perceptions of Muslim scholars on the tradition of reading Burdah poetry by al-Bushiri. This research was conducted with intensive field work in Kapuas, Central Kalimantan. A visit to the area opened an opportunity to make involved observations, which helped to understand the daily social life among Muslim scholars and Muslim community in Kapuas. Purposive sampling technique has been used in the selection of informants and interviewed eight key informants. The results revealed that reading Burdah poetry is one of the representations of socio-cultural and traditional phenomena in Kapuas Muslim community. Most of these scholars do not practice it regularly but at certain times such as during dry season, epidemic of disease, because it is considered as tawassul repellent. The perception of Kapuas Muslim scholars on Burdah Poetry can be classified into two. First, Muslim scholars who declared Burdah poetry as a high literary work having very beautiful arrangement and meaning and there was praise to the Prophet, therefore it was in line with blessings to the Prophet. The second classification, some Muslim scholars did not align Burdah poetry with blessings to the Prophet.
The Role of Religious Leaders Amid Conflict of Public Resistance to Industrial Activities in Gresik
Authors: Anas Mohamad , Wulandari Prisca Kiki , Saraswati Destriana , Utami Diah Febri
Published: March 2021

The research constitutes an analysis on the conflict between community in Ujungpangkah, Gresik, East Java and a gas company, PT Aramada Hess (now PGN Saka Energy Indonesia). The research aims at finding a conflict resolution model that is distinctive, appropriate, and successful. To support the qualitative research, data collection methods use purposive sampling, participatory observation techniques, in-depth interviews and document reviews.  The collected data are analysed with the theory of mapping C.R. SIPPABIO. The theory under which the researcher applying to understand the role of Ujungpangkah religious leaders in resolving conflicts between the community and PGN Saka Energy Indonesia. As a result, it is found that: 1) public leaders are derived from various groups (fishermen, fishpond entrepreneurs and Islamic boarding school leaders) who positively resolve the conflict; 2) the intervention method is used as conflict resolution with a negotiation model; 3) Ujungpangkah religious leaders become social cohesion in this open conflict.
“What’s your business?”: the new approaches to the precarization of mental labor against the backdrop of the neofeudal social order triumphant
Authors: Kornilov Aleksei
Published: March 2021

In the modern world complacent against the backdrop of the triumphant progress made by digital revolution, more and more highly qualified specialists employed in a wide variety of sectors of the economy are beginning to feel the complete meaninglessness of what they are doing. The exponential growth of clearly imitative activity is especially acute in the scientific and technological sphere. Are we in this case dealing with a purely psychological phenomenon? Or are we talking about a visible manifestation of profound changes in the social order and its economic basis? In this article the devaluation of knowledge work is viewed through the prism of a number of relatively recent special socio-political and economic studies. Fiercely competing in their theoretical approaches all of them together provide nevertheless a holistic and consistent picture of the formation of a new social order – “technocratic” or “digital feudalism”.Being based on the extraction of a kind of “quasi-rent” from financial flows created by the process of imitation and profanation of socio-economic and primary S&T development this new order of things creates incentives for the systemic precarization of mental labor and the devaluation of “human capital” while in itself being largely dependent on the continuity of this deplorable process.
The mystery of technological leadership. The review of K. Davids’ book “The rise and decline of Dutch technological leadership. Technology, economy and culture in the Netherlands, 1350–1800”
Authors: Kupriyanov Viktor
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the critical review of the book by the Dutch economic historian K. Davids published in 2019 in Russian translation – “The rise and decline of Dutch technological leadership. Technology, economy and culture in the Netherlands, 1350-1800”. The author gives a detailed analysis of the main ideas of Davids’s book and shows their relevance to the modern problems of science of science. The structure and main content of the book under review is revealed. The author shows that the most important conclusion of the book concerns the author’s thesis that Dutch technological leadership was based on a successful combination of non-economic factors, among which science is has a special importance as the basis for technological creativity. The author analyses K. Davids’s book in the context of economic theory and gives a detailed account of the concepts of economic growth which are interesting and important for the history of technology. The review reveals the role of patents in the history of technology. The author of the article shows that Davids’ research provides an important material for discussions about science and technology policy. It is pointed out that modern Russian science policy is characterized by directiveness, while general encouragement of the market, social institutions, and especially basic science could serve as a more effective means of fighting for technological leadership.
One hundred years in the networks of bureaucracy. Review of the book by V. V. Ogryzko “Pod nadzorom Kremlya: izryadno potrepannaya, no utselevshaya Akademiya nauk” [Under the supervision of the Kremlin: a fairly battered, but survived Academy of Sciences]
Authors: Egerev Sergey
Published: March 2021

An excursion through the pages of the book by V. V. Ogryzko “Under the supervision of the Kremlin: a fairly battered, but survived Academy of Sciences” is given. The history of uneasy relations between the government and the Academy of Sciences can be traced from the first post-revolutionary years to the present day. The mostly detailed description relates to the efforts of the Soviet government to tame (“to Sovietize”) the Russian Academy of Sciences in the first post-revolutionary years. In his research, based on unique archival sources, the author operates with a large number of sources and a large number of activehistorical figures, from academics to employees of special services. It is noted that over the past hundred years, not only the Academy has changed, the methods of state influence on the academic community have changed, and the goal setting of the state has also changed. In the first decades, the Soviet government was faced with the task of introducing as many loyal communists as possible into the academic community, and after the collapse of the USSR, the task of “depriving” the Academy from material assets became firmly on the agenda. The author of the book – V. V. Ogryzko – comes to the conclusion that many discoveries andachievements of our scientists were made not thanks to the support of the state, but rather in spite of it.
Lev Chernyi’s Anarchistic Sociometry
Authors: Semiglazov Georgiy
Published: March 2021

Anarchist teachings have become popular in the modern world. Due to this fact, it is necessary to examine the history of this movement, because many important anarchists of the past are hardly known today. This article focuses on the ideas of Lev Chernyi (Pavel Dmitrievich Turchaninov), who was a Russian anarchist in the early 20th century. The author analyzes his program work “A New Direction in Anarchism: Associational Anarchism”, first published in 1907. The goal of the analysis is to introduce Chernyi not only as a dedicated anarchist, but also as a social scientist, familiar with the traditions of European sociology. Such a perspective is possible due to the terminology used by Turchaninov. In particular, the Russian anarchist divides social sciences into sociology and sociometry, defining the subject area for each field of knowledge. To reach the goal, it is necessary to answer several key questions of social sciences, namely, how Chernyi explains action, social order and social changes. The author claims that answers to these questions very well might be found in the work of Turchaninov. The conclusion is that Chernyi’s ideas are interesting not only for researchers of anarchism, but also for social scientists and philosophers, since Turchaninov has several concepts similar to the ideas of the classics of sociological thought.
Interview with Professor Gennadiy Batygin (2001)
Authors: Breitkopf-Siepmann Anna
Published: March 2021

The interview was recorded in 2001 when the interviewer worked on her PhD project at the German Department of the University of Freiburg, Germany. During her work, the author analysed the style of Russian and German sociological articles published in peer-reviewed journals. The interview aimed to answer questions about the state of the social sciences during the Soviet era, about different sociological schools in the Soviet Union, about academic journals, about teaching sociology and about the editing of academic sociological articles during the Soviet era and in contemporary Russia.
Spain: Structural Imbalances of Economy
Authors: Eremeev Y.
Published: March 2021

During three pre-crisis decades the dominant feature of Spain’s economic development model was the leading growth of service sector and construction. Under the economic circumstances of 1980-1990s this model proved to be enough successful. In particular, it provided a substantial growth of the living level of Spanish population. However, by mid-2000s it has been exhausted. Moreover, while being at the upward trend the nation missed the opportunity of shifting to a higher level of technological development. As a result, the accumulated disparities in its economic structure made Spain one of the focal points of the recent crisis of Eurozone. It is clear that it will take a long period for the nation to solve the urgent problems, which the prevailing part is concentrated in the sphere of government finance.
World Order in XXI Century: Look from China
Authors: Dequan Z.
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the experience and results of China's foreign policy in a changing world order of the XXth century. The author examines China’s foreign policy outlook and opportunities in the context of force balance between world major political players of the first decade of the XXIst century. Also the prospects of the multipolar world and possibilities of international cooperation in order to maintain peace and security in the world are estimated.
Second Wind of State Capitalism
Authors: Kondrat’ev V.
Published: March 2021

The paper deals with the scale and depth of a state capitalism expansion around the world, explores its economic implications. The author focuses on governmental participation in a capital of corporations – either equity or debt – as a defining feature of a state capitalism. The modern state capitalism represents a significant advance in several respects, compared to its previous forms. First, it is developing on a much wider scale. Second, its development rates accelerate. And third, it has far more sophisticated growth tools at its disposal.
DBMS and Oracle Datamining
Authors: Bernal John N. , Rodriguez Johanna P. , Portella Jorge
Published: March 2021

Databases are by far the most valuable asset of companies. Since the need was seen not only to count but also to have some type of record of elements such as crops, animals, money, properties and that this record could be consulted and modified according to the situation, that is where the first database was born. , and after that, these databases cannot be disorganized, they also need to be managed and administered under established standards that facilitate their understanding and management not only by their creators but by the other people who subsequently administer them. Databases and database management systems have an interesting evolutionary history that deserves to be analyzed and this is the objective of this document, where it is sought to understand. Along with databases and their management systems, data mining or Data mining arises that in order not to extend ourselves so much, it is the job of finding common patterns in various data sources and in what way they can be used to predict situations or results of various circumstances; We also focus on the other topic that we will present, Oracle data mining, which roughly is to merge data mining with Oracle, which makes it a powerful tool for obtaining information and predicting results based on statistics.In this article we will study and analyze the ideas, concepts and basic examples that make up SGBD and Data Mining and, we will try to go deeper into this topic, the use of decision techniques such as advanced statistical algorithms. We also present a fictitious example of the application of these techniques: predicting which products can be sold based on their relationship with others. we will give a brief explanation of association rules, data mining cycle and the types of learning and the evolution that data mining has had.
On the Use of NB-IoT over GEO Satellite Systems with Time-Packed Optical Feeder Links for Over-the-Air Firmware/Software Updates of Machine-Type Terminals
Authors: Bas Joan , Dowhuszko Alexis
Published: March 2021

The verticals of 5G, such as the automotive, smart grid and smart cities sectors, will bring lots of new sensors and IoT devices requiring Internet connectivity. Most of these machine-type terminals will be sparsely distributed, covering a very large geographical area and, from time to time, will have to update their software, firmware and/or other relevant data. Given this situation, one viable solution to implement the “Over-the-Air” update of these IoT terminals can be with the aid of GEO satellite systems. However, due to the ultra-dense radio frequency reuse that contemporary High-Throughput Satellite (HTS) systems implement in the access link to serve the IoT terminals, the use of a time-packed Free Space Optical (FSO) link represents a practical solution to avoid the bottleneck that the satellite gateway experiences in the feeder link. The performance of both Detect-and-Forward and Decode-and-Forward relaying strategies are studied, assuming that the single-carrier M-PAM symbols that are transmitted on the optical feeder link are mapped into M-QAM symbols that modulate the multiple subcarriers of the OFDM-based radio access link. In addition, the benefits of encapsulating the NB-IoT frames into DVB-S2(X) satellite frames is also analyzed in detail. The effects of the impairments introduced in both optical feeder and radio access links are characterized in detail, and the end-to-end error correction capabilities of the Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCS) defined in the contemporary releases of the NB-IoT and DVB-S2(X) standards are studied for different working regimes.
Pelvic Ring Reconstruction After Iliac or Iliosacral Resection of Pediatric Pelvic Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Erol Bulent , Sofulu Omer , Sirin Evrim , Saglam Fevzi , Baysal Ozgur , Tetik Cihangir
Published: March 2021

Background:

In patients undergoing iliosacral resections, pelvic ring reconstruction can maintain stability of the pelvis and spinal column, which is expected to achieve good functional outcomes. However, no optimal reconstruction method has been established. We aimed to analyze the outcome of pelvic ring reconstruction using double-barreled free vascularized fibular graft (FVFG) and internal fixation after iliosacral resections in children.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed 16 children with pelvic Ewing sarcoma who underwent pelvic ring reconstruction using double-barreled FVFG after iliosacral resection. The fibular graft was placed between the supraacetabular region distally and the remaining ilium or sacrum proximally. The stability of the remaining pelvis and spinal column was provided by minimal spinal instrumentation.

Results:

Eleven Type-I and 5 Type-I+IV resections were performed for 10 boys and 6 girls, who had a mean age of 13.4 years (range, 10 to 18 years). The mean follow-up was 49.8 months (range, 28 to 96 months). At the time of the final follow-up, 14 patients were alive and 2 patients had died of disease. The mean time for bone union was 9 months (range, 6 to 12 months). Graft hypertrophy was evident in all patients at 12 months. The median Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score at the time of the final follow-up was 80% (range, 60% to 96.6%). Seven patients had complications. Three complications required reoperation: 1 deep infection, 1 hematoma, and 1 wound dehiscence. Three patients had disease relapse in terms of lung metastases.

Conclusions:

This reconstruction method can achieve a high rate of bone union and can provide good functional outcomes following resection of pediatric pelvic Ewing sarcomas with iliosacral involvement. Complications are usually manageable without a need for revision surgical procedures.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Number of Levels of Spinal Fusion Associated with the Rate of Joint-Space Narrowing in the Hip
Authors: Kawai Toshiyuki , Shimizu Takayoshi , Goto Koji , Kuroda Yutaka , Okuzu Yaichiro , Fujibayashi Shunsuke , Matsuda Shuichi
Published: March 2021

Background:

Fusion of a joint reportedly increases force in the adjacent joints and leads to progression of arthritis. Whether lumbar spinal fusion increases force in the hip joint and promotes wear of the joint space is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of joint-space narrowing in the hip following spinal fusion and to examine the effects of the number of levels fused on the joint-narrowing rate.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed data for patients who underwent lumbar spinal fusion from 2011 to 2018 at our institute. Patients with a previous hip surgery, Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥II hip osteoarthritis, hip dysplasia, and rheumatoid arthritis were excluded. The rate of joint-space narrowing in the hip was measured in 205 eligible patients (410 hips) following spinal fusion, and the effects of sex, age, body mass index, indication for spinal fusion, laterality, sacral fixation, and number of levels fused on the narrowing rate were examined.

Results:

The rate of joint-space narrowing for all patients was 0.114 ± 0.168 mm/year. The narrowing rate for single-level fusion was 0.062 ± 0.087 mm/year, whereas that for fusion of ≥7 levels was 0.307 ± 0.254 mm/year. In the multivariate regression analysis, only the length of fusion (standardized coefficient [SC] = 0.374, p < 0.0001) was associated with an increased narrowing rate. When the narrowing rate was normalized by height, female sex was another risk factor for increased narrowing (SC = 0.109, p = 0.023). Secondary regression modeling performed with patients who underwent spinal fusion for degenerative disc disease showed that the length of fusion (SC = 0.454, p < 0.0001) and female sex (SC = 0.138, p = 0.033) were associated with increased joint-space narrowing.

Conclusions:

Longer spinal fusion was associated with the progression of hip joint narrowing following spinal fusion. Surgeons should be aware of the possible increased risk of hip degeneration following spinal fusion and should inform patients of this risk.

Level of Evidence:

Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
STUDY OF INSOMNIA SEVERITY INDEX AND NOMOPHOBIA SCORE AMONG MALE AND FEMALE RESPONDEN
Authors: Alam samina
Published: March 2021

Nomophobia is a term that describes a terrible feeling of being without a mobile device, or outside mobile phone communication, in today's world. It's on the rise between today's high school and college students. A number of college students are now using their mobile phones to shower. Sign and symptoms include Irritation, Panic, Nervousness, Anguish, and Inability to regulate or avoid using activities, severe disability, Depression, Anxiety, Social phobia. The treatment consisted of the use of medication, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and the application of evaluation tools.
The Linkage between CO2, FDI, Economic Growth and Value-Added: A European Perspective
Authors: Singh Devesh
Published: March 2021

This article aims to investigate the linkage among CO2 emissions, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), economic growth, Gross Value Added (GVA) of different sectors namely agriculture, service, manufacturing, and resource extensive industries including construction sectors in four European regions Eastern Europe (EE), Southern Europe (SE), Northern Europe (NE) and Western Europe (WE). To do, this article uses the 3SLS simultaneous equation estimation during the period of 2000 to 2018. This study is the extension of seeing the challenges in policy implication in reducing CO2 emission in technologically rich economies. This article concluded that the causality among variables CO2 emission, economic growth, FDI, and all four sectors GVA is varied according to the regions. However, the CO2 emission has bidirectional causality with each industrial sector's GVA.
The Perseus OB2 Superbubble and the Taurus-Auriga-California-Perseus Molecular Cloud Loop
Authors: Chen Xuepeng , Guo Weihua , Feng Jiangcheng , Su Yang , Sun Yan , Yan Qingzeng , Fang Min , Yang Ji
Published: March 2021

Located at a distance of about 300 pc, Perseus OB2 (or Per~OB2 for short) is one of the major OB associations in the solar vicinity\cite{Zeeuw99,Belikov2002}, which has blown a supershell with a diameter of about 15 degree seen in the atomic hydrogen line surveys\cite{Sancisi1974,Heiles1984,Hartmann1997}. It was
long considered that stellar feedback from the Per~OB2 association had formed a superbubble that swept up the surrounding interstellar medium into the observed
supershell\cite{Bally2008}. Here we report the three-dimensional structure of the Per~OB2 superbubble, based on wide-field atomic hydrogen and molecular gas (traced by CO) surveys. The measured diameter of the superbubble is roughly 330 pc. Multiple atomic hydrogen shells/loops with expansion velocities of about 10 km/s are revealed in the superbubble, suggesting a complicated evolution history of the superbubble. Furthermore, the inspections of the morphology, kinematics and timescale of the Taurus-Auriga, California, and Perseus molecular clouds shows that the cloud complex is a super molecular cloud loop circling around and co-expanding with the Per~OB2 superbubble. We conclude that the Taurus-Auriga-California-Perseus loop, the largest star-forming molecular cloud complex in the solar neighborhood, is formed from the feedback of the Per~OB2 superbubble.
Spin-1/2 one- and two- particle systems in physical space without eigen-algebra or tensor product
Authors: Andoni Sokol
Published: March 2021

A novel representation of spin 1/2 combines in a single geometric object the roles of the standard Pauli spin vector and spin state. Under the spin-position decoupling approximation it consists of the ordered sum of three orthonormal vectors comprising a gauge phase. In the one-particle case the representation: (1) is Hermitian; (2) is oriented due to ordering; (3) reproduces all standard expectation values, including the total one-particle spin modulus A; (4) constrains basis opposite spins to have same orientation; (5) allows to formalize irreversibility in spin measurement. In the two-particle case: (1) entangled spin pairs have opposite orientation and precisely related gauge phases; (2) the dimensionality of the spin space doubles due to variation of orientation; (3) the four maximally entangled states are naturally defined by the four improper rotations in 3D: reflections onto the three orthogonal frame planes (triplets) and inversion (singlet). The cross-product terms in the expression for the squared total spin of two particles relates to experiment and they yield all standard expectation values after measurement. Here spin is directly defined and transformed in 3D orientation space, without use of eigen algebra and tensor product as in the standard formulation. The formalism allows working with whole geometric objects instead of only components, thereby helping keep a clear geometric picture of ‘on paper’ (controlled gauge phase) and ‘on lab’ (uncontrolled gauge phase) spin transformations.
Strategies for chylothorax after pulmonary resection and lymph node dissection for primary lung cancer
Authors: Yasuura Yoshiyuki , Konno Hayato , Hayakawa Takamitsu , Terada Yukihiro , Mizuno Kiyomichi , Kayata Hiroyuki , Kojima Hideaki , Mizuno Tetsuya , Isaka Mitsuhiro , Ohde Yasuhisa
Published: March 2021

Background: Pulmonary resection with mediastinal lymph node dissection for treating primary lung cancer could sometimes causes chylothorax as a postoperative complication. This study examined the validity of treatments for chylothorax in our hospital.Methods: We evaluated 2,019 patients who underwent lobectomy, bilobectomy, or pneumonectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection for primary lung cancer at Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan, between September 2002 and March 2018. The diagnostic criteria for postoperative chylothorax were that the drainage from the pleural drain was evidently white and turbid, or the pleural effusion contained a triglyceride level of >110 mg/dL. The clinical courses and treatments were retrospectively reviewed.Results: Postoperative chylothorax occurred in 37 patients (1.8%), 20 men and 17 women, with a median age of 70 y (33 to 80). Thirty-five patients had a lobectomy and two patients had a bilobectomy. A low-fat diet was instituted to all patients; 35 cases improved with conservative treatment, and 2 cases required reoperation. Nine cases had a drainage volume ≥ 500 ml one day following the low-fat diet commencement, which was resolved with conservative treatment and decreased drainage was observed on the third day of treatment in seven of those cases.Conclusions: With the exception of cases with excessive drainage of ≥ 1000 mL in one day and systemic symptoms associated with chyle loss, conservative treatment could be successful even when the daily drainage volume exceeds 500 mL following a low-fat diet, provided the drainage volume decreases within three days.
Correlation Analysis of Mood State and Symptom Clusters in Patients With Stage-Ⅳ Lung Cancer During Immunotherapy
Authors: Huang Weichao , Luo Yifan , Huang Ying , Yang Chunhong , Li Yumei
Published: March 2021

Purpose: To investigate the status of symptom clusters and mood states and analyze the correlation between them in patients with stage-IV lung cancer undergoing immunotherapy.Methods: Using a convenience sampling method, we selected 259 patients for analysis with stage-IV lung cancer who were admitted to the oncology department of a hospital for immunotherapy from February to December 2020. Three instruments were used: a general situation questionnaire, the Chinese version of the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory, and the Brief Profile of Mood State Short Form.Results: An exploratory factor analysis identified three main symptom clusters: the disturbance influence, general, and pain–fatigue related symptom clusters. The total score for mood state was (25.71 SD: ±8.32). The score of the depression dimension was the highest (3.30 ±1.85) in the negative mood state; the total score of mood state and the score of negative mood state at different latitudes were significantly positively correlated with the total score of symptom clusters (r = 0.420–0.529, p < 0.01).Conclusion: There are many symptom clusters in patients with lung cancer undergoing immunotherapy. The negative mood state is significant and changes along with changes in symptom clusters; moreover, there is high correlation between them. There should be more focus on the evaluation and management of symptom clusters of patients in nursing to improve the patients’ quality of life.
Interactive Effects of Abiotic and Biotic Factors Drive Aquatic Plant Colonization in Subtropical Mangroves
Authors: Sampaio Jéssica Airisse Guimarães , Reis Carla Roberta Gonçalves , Lignon Marília Cunha , Nardoto Gabriela Bielefeld , Salemi Luiz Felippe
Published: March 2021

The colonization and spread of non-native species are recognized as a critical driver of environmental change in mangrove ecosystems. However, environmental factors that favor non-native plant colonization in mangroves are still poorly understood. To contribute to filling this gap, we investigated the effect of selected abiotic factors associated controlling aquatic macrophytes colonization in mangroves in Southeastern Brazil. Furthermore, we also assessed foliar attributes of native and non-native species to evaluate whether biotic attributes favored the colonization. We selected 18 plots in mangrove forests under different levels of anthropogenic N inputs, both colonized and non-colonized by aquatic macrophytes in the Estuarine-Lagoon Complex of Cananeia-Iguape, southeastern Brazil. We measured interstitial salinity, sediment nitrate and ammonium concentrations, and sediment physicochemical properties. We also measured foliar nitrogen (N) concentrations, foliar C:N, and foliar δ13C of both native and non-native species. We found that interstitial salinity at 10 cm depth followed by nitrate concentrations in sediment were the main factors associated with the occurrence of aquatic macrophytes in the studied mangrove areas. Moreover, non-native species had about 2-fold higher foliar N concentrations as well as about a 1.5-fold lower C:N ratios compared to native species. Low salinity and increased N availability in sediment allowed for the success of aquatic macrophytes into mangrove forests, also resulting in high amount of dead mangrove trunks (up 53% of basal area).
Tebipenem as an oral alternative for the treatment of typhoid caused by extensively drug resistant (XDR) Salmonella Typhi
Authors: Mylona Elli , Vinh Phat Voong , Qureshi Sonia , Karkey Abhilasha , Dongol Sabina , Tuyen Ha Thanh , Walson Judd , Ballel Lluis , Alvaro Elena Fernández , Qamar Farah , Baker Stephen
Published: March 2021

The emergence of multi-drug (MDR) and extensive-drug resistance (XDR) in Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi A hinder efficacious out-patient enteric fever treatment. We show that non-XDR and XDR S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A are susceptible to the carbapenem tebipenem in vitro. Tebipenem demonstrated partial synergy with antimicrobials including azithromycin, signifying combination therapy may limit the emergence of resistance. Given recent evidence on tebipenem inhibitory activity against MDR Shigella, its broad-spectrum activity against MDR/XDR organisms renders it a good clinical trial candidate.