bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanochemically Synthesised Flexible Electrodes Based on Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework Glasses for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Lin Rijia , Li Xuemei , Krajnc Andraž , Li Zhiheng , Li Mengran , Wang Wupeng , Zhuang Linzhou , Smart Simon , Zhu Zhonghua , Appadoo Dominique , Harmer Jeffrey R. , Wang Zhiliang , Buzanich Ana Guilherme , Beyer Sebastian , Wang Lianzhou , Mali Gregor , Bennett Thomas D. , Chen Vicki , Hou Jingwei
Published: October 2021

The melting behaviour of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has aroused significant research interest in the areas of materials science, condensed matter physics and chemical engineering. This work first introduces a novel method to fabricate a bimetallic MOF glass, through melt‐quenching of the cobalt‐based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) [ZIF‐62(Co)] with an adsorbed ferric coordination complex. The high‐temperature chemically reactive ZIF‐62(Co) liquid facilitates the formation of coordinative bonds between Fe and imidazolate ligands, incorporating Fe nodes into the framework after quenching. The resultant Co–Fe bimetallic MOF glass therefore shows a significantly enhanced oxygen evolution reaction performance. The novel bimetallic MOF glass, when combined with the facile and scalable mechanochemical synthesis technique for both discrete powders and surface coatings on flexible substrates, enables significant opportunities for catalytic device assembly.
Design and development of novel series of indole‐3‐sulfonamide ureido derivatives as selective carbonic anhydrase II inhibitors
Authors: Singh Priti , Choli Abhishek , Swain Baijayantimala , Angeli Andrea , Sahoo Santosh K. , Yaddanapudi Venkata M. , Supuran Claudiu T. , Arifuddin Mohammed
Published: October 2021

Indole is a privileged moiety with a wide range of bioactivities, making it a popular scaffold in drug design and development studies as well as in synthetic chemistry. Here, novel urea derivatives of indole, containing sulfonamide at position‐3 of indole, were synthesized using a well‐known tail approach, as carbonic anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors. All the newly synthesized molecules were screened for their CA‐inhibitory activity against four clinically relevant isoforms of human‐origin carbonic anhydrase (hCA), that is, hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX, and hCA XII. These compounds were specifically active against hCA II, more than against hCA I, hCA IX, and hCA XII. Derivative 6l was found to be most active, with a Ki value of 7.7 µM against hCA II.
Osteogenically differentiated mesenchymal stem cells promote the apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro
Authors: Chai Miaomiao , Jiang Mingli , Gu Ce , Lu Qiaohui , Zhou Yi , Jin Ziyang , Zhou Yan , Tan Wensong
Published: October 2021

The absence of blood vessels in tissue engineered bone often leads to necrosis of internal cells after implantation, ultimately affecting the process of bone repair. Herein, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cocultured to induce osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Based on the findings, the number of HUVECs in the coculture system increased in the growth medium group, but decreased in the osteogenic induction medium (OIM) group. Considering that the paracrine effects of MSCs had changed, we tested the genes expression of osteogenically differentiated MSCs. The expression of osteogenic genes in MSCs increased during osteogenesis. Further, the expression levels of pigment epithelial‐derived factor (PEDF) gene and protein, an antivascular factor, were also increased. To verify whether MSCs promote HUVECs apoptosis via PEDF, PEDF was silenced via siRNA. The conditioned medium of differentiated MSCs with PEDF silencing significantly improved the proliferation and apoptosis of HUVECs. Based on further experiments, PEDF mediated the apoptosis and proliferation of HUVECs through p53, BAX/BCL‐2, FAS, and c‐Caspase‐3. However, when PEDF was silenced with siRNA, the osteogenic potential of MSCs was affected. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the construction of prevascularized bone tissues in vitro.
Ein Tragwerk aus Holz für die neue Mensa des Berufsschulzentrums Nord in Darmstadt
Authors: Stumpf Martin , Daub Max
Published: October 2021

Lebenslanges Lernen in einer zukunftsweisenden Umgebung: Bildung und nachhaltiges Bauen mit Holz auf Basis ausgeklügelter Verfahren sind im Neubau der Mensa vereint. Damit sich Studierende ebenso wie Schüler:innen und die Öffentlichkeit wohl fühlen, wurde interdisziplinär eng zusammengearbeitet zwischen Architektur, Haustechnik und Tragwerksplanung, um das Beste aus allen Bereichen herauszuholen. Der Bericht beschreibt die interdisziplinäre Entwicklung des Holztragwerks sowie die Detaillierung und Ausführung. Ein ähnliches Tragwerk haben die Autoren bereits bei der Festhalle in Neckartailfingen als Dachtragwerk mit 15 m Spannweite und 6 m Auskragung umgesetzt. Die Weiterentwicklung der gitterförmigen Brettschichtholzträgerstruktur für die Mensa in Darmstadt erlaubt den Einsatz der Tragstruktur als Geschossdecke mit einer hohen Nutzlast und sie erfüllt die hohen Anforderungen der Feuerwiderstandsklasse R90. Regelmäßige Trägerroststrukturen haben eine hohe architektonische Qualität. Es entstehen ansprechende Räume, die durch die Tragstruktur geprägt werden. Im Holzbau sind biegesteife Knoten von Balken bzw. Stäben eine besondere Herausforderung und bedürfen einer sorgfältigen Detaillierung dieser Knoten. Der Bericht beleuchtet die Detailentwicklung und beschreibt, wie das gewählte Tragkonzept ohne biegesteife Knoten auskommt.
Prognostic significance of T‐cell–inflamed gene expression profile and PD‐L1 expression in patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Steiniche Torben , Rha Sun Young , Chung Hyun Cheol , Georgsen Jeanette Baehr , Ladekarl Morten , Nordsmark Marianne , Jespersen Marie Louise , Kim Hyo Song , Kim Hyunki , Fein Carly , Tang Laura H. , Wu Ting , Marton Matthew J. , Peter Senaka , Kelsen David P. , Ku Geoffrey
Published: October 2021

Purpose

The ability of the T‐cell–inflamed gene expression profile (GEP) to predict clinical outcome in esophageal cancer (EC) is unknown. This retrospective observational study assessed the prognostic value of GEP and programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression in patients with EC treated in routine clinical practice.

Methods

Tumor samples of 294 patients from three centers in Denmark, South Korea, and the United States, collected between 2005 and 2017, were included. T‐cell–inflamed GEP score was defined as non‐low or low using a cutoff of −1.54. A combined positive score (CPS) ≥10 was defined as PD‐L1 expression positivity. Associations between overall survival (OS) and GEP status and PD‐L1 expression were explored by Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for age, sex, histology, stage, and performance status.

Results

Median age was 65 years; 63% of patients had adenocarcinoma (AC) and 37% had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Thirty‐six percent of tumors were GEP non‐low, with higher prevalence in AC (46%) than SCC (18%). Twenty‐one percent were PD‐L1–positive: 32% in South Korean samples versus 16% in non‐Asian samples and 26% in SCC versus 18% in AC. GEP scores and PD‐L1 CPS were weakly correlated (Spearman’s R = 0.363). OS was not significantly associated with GEP status (non‐low vs low; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.69–1.19]) or PD‐L1 expression status.

Conclusion

Neither GEP nor PD‐L1 expression was a prognostic marker in Asian and non‐Asian patients with EC.
A rare case of an intramyocardial mesothelial inclusion cyst
Authors: Alwis Shehani , Salmasi Mohammad Y. , Raja Shahzad G.
Published: October 2021

A symptomatic intramyocardial cyst, whilst a rare occurrence, is most effectively investigated using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Furthermore, following diagnosis it can be effectively treated using a surgical approach.
Linear Selective Hydroformylation of 2‐Arylpropenes Using Water‐Soluble Rh‐PNP Complex: Straightforward Access to 3‐Aryl‐Butyraldehydes
Authors: Ru Tong , Liang Guanfeng , Zhang Luyun , Ning Yingtang , Chen Fen‐Er
Published: October 2021

Straightforward access to 3‐aryl‐butyraldehydes was developed through the aqueous biphasic Rh‐catalyzed hydroformylation of 2‐arylpropenes using a water‐soluble PNP ligand. This protocol accommodates broad substrate scope with high yields (up to 95 %) and excellent linear selectivity (>99 : 1 b/l ratio). The synthesis of rac‐ar‐turmerone and the gram‐scale hydroformylation further demonstrated the practical nature of this method.
Screening of Minimalist Noncanonical Sites in Duplex DNA and RNA Reveals Context and Motif‐Selective Binding by Fluorogenic Base Probes
Authors: Liang Yufeng , Miao Shiqin , Mao Jie , Devari Shekaraiah , Gonzalez Maricarmen , Bong Dennis
Published: October 2021

We hypothesize that programmable hybridization to noncanonical nucleic acid motifs may be achieved by macromolecular display of binders to individual noncanonical pairs (NCPs). As each recognition element may individually have weak binding to an NCP, we developed a semi‐rational approach to detect low affinity interactions between selected nitrogenous bases and noncanonical sites in duplex DNA and RNA. A set of fluorogenic probes was synthesized by coupling abiotic (triazines, pyrimidines) and native RNA bases to thiazole orange (TO) dye. This probe library was screened against duplex nucleic acid substrates bearing single abasic, single NCP, and tandem NCP sites. Probe engagement with NCP sites was reported by 100–1000× fluorescence enhancement over background. Binding is strongly context‐dependent, reflective of both molecular recognition and stability: less stable motifs are more likely to bind a synthetic probe. Further, DNA and RNA substrates exhibit entirely different abasic and single NCP binding profiles. While probe binding in the abasic and single NCP screens was monotonous, much richer binding profiles were observed with the screen of tandem NCP sites in RNA, in part due to increased steric accessibility. In addition to known binding interactions between the triazine melamine (M) and T/U sites, the NCP screens identified new targeting elements for pyrimidine‐rich motifs in single NCPs and 2×2 internal bulges. We anticipate that semi‐rational approaches of this type will lead to programmable noncanonical hybridization strategies at the macromolecular level.
Risk of suicide among individuals with a history of childhood cancer
Authors: Barnes Justin M. , Johnson Kimberly J. , Grove Jeremy L. , Srivastava Amar J. , Osazuwa‐Peters Nosayaba , Perkins Stephanie M.
Published: October 2021

Background

Previous studies have described suicidal ideation among survivors of childhood cancer, but small numbers of events limit the understanding of suicide risk. The objectives of this study were to assess whether childhood cancer survivors are at increased risk of suicide in comparison with the general population and to determine risk factors associated with risk in a population‐based cohort.

Methods

First primary malignancies among individuals aged 0 to 19 years from 1975 to 2016 were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) databases. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) of suicide were obtained via SEER*Stat software from SEER 9. Fine and Gray proportional hazards models were used to identify suicide‐associated factors among childhood cancer patients included in SEER 18.

Results

In all, 96,948 childhood cancer cases and 89 suicides were identified. Across all attained ages, the suicide risk for individuals with a childhood cancer history (11.64 per 100,000 person‐years) was similar to the risk for those without a cancer history (SMR, 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91‐1.43). However, for survivors alive beyond the age of 28 years (the median age of death by suicide), the suicide risk was significantly elevated (suicides per 100,000 person‐years, 22.43; SMR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.87). Females (hazard ratio, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.18‐0.59; P < .01) had lower risks than males.

Conclusions

These results suggest that long‐term childhood cancer survivors may be at increased suicide risk. Male sex is an independent risk factor for suicide. However, the absolute risk of suicide in older survivors is still low at ~1 per 5000 person‐years. Future efforts should identify survivorship strategies to mitigate suicide risk.
No self‐serving bias in therapists' evaluations of clients' premature treatment termination: An approximate replication of Murdock et al. (2010)
Authors: Dandachi‐FitzGerald Brechje , Meijs Laura , Moonen Isabelle M. A. J. , Merckelbach Harald
Published: October 2021

In an often‐cited study, Murdock et al. (2010) found that therapists are more likely to attribute premature treatment termination to client characteristics than to themselves, a finding that the authors interpreted in terms of a self‐serving bias (SSB). We replicated and extended the study of Murdock et al. (2010, study 2). Psychologists and psychotherapists (N = 91) read two case vignettes about premature treatment terminations of clients that, in a between‐subjects set‐up, were either described as own clients or other therapists' clients. Next, participants used three attribution subscales (blaming therapist, client and situation) to evaluate potential causes for the premature terminations. This way, we tested whether participants would manifest SSB. We also investigated whether therapists' scores on self‐confidence and need for closure were linked to SSB tendencies. Unlike Murdock et al. (2010), we found no overall SSB. However, a stronger need for closure was related to more SSB tendencies (i.e., less endorsement of ‘blame therapist’ attributions) in the own‐client condition (r = −.35, p < .05, r2 = .12), but not in the other‐therapist's‐client condition (r = .17, p = .27). Our results suggest that SSB is not a ubiquitous phenomenon when therapists evaluate premature termination problems and that their willingness to attend to their own role depends to some extent on their need for closure.
Iron deficiency in soybean
Authors: Merry Ryan , Dobbels Austin A. , Sadok Walid , Naeve Seth , Stupar Robert M. , Lorenz Aaron J.
Published: October 2021

Iron deficiency is an important soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] nutrient deficiency that is easily identified by interveinal chlorosis of the leaves and reduced plant growth, both of which lead to yield reductions. Research in soybean iron deficiency is often segmented into studies on soil characteristics, microbe interactions, specific phenotypes, or genetics of iron efficiency. Joining these areas of research into a comprehensive literature review will advance our understanding of iron deficiency physiology and help to bridge known iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) resistance loci with plant responses to iron stress. This review investigates what has been accomplished in the areas of phenotyping and genetics of iron deficiency. Furthermore, this work traces iron deficiency physiology research through the plant, beginning with the role of soil, the transport of iron into and through plant tissues, and the eventual deposition in the seed. While IDC is the most phenotyped and genetically mapped trait relating to iron deficiency in soybean, the whole plant is truly affected by and involved in recovery to the stress. While often neglected in iron deficiency research, the soybean–rhizobia relationship is discussed as an area of opportunity for future advancements. Citrate and nicotianamine were identified as important compounds for iron efficiency in several studies and warrant more in‐depth investigation. The aim of this review is to analyze research in soybean iron deficiency phenotyping, genetics, and physiology to reveal connections between these areas and facilitate further discoveries.
High diversity and local endemism in Aotearoa New Zealand's groundwater crustacean fauna
Authors: Fenwick Graham D. , Greenwood Michelle J. , Hogg Ian D. , Meyer Stacey J.
Published: October 2021

We used DNA barcoding to assess the diversity and distribution of New Zealand's groundwater amphipods and isopods (Crustacea) and to determine whether biodiversity and endemism within tectonically active New Zealand are similar to those of more tectonically stable continents. Sixty‐five wells were sampled in seven aquifers across four regions within the North and South islands of New Zealand, and resident invertebrates were morphologically identified and then assessed using sequencing of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit one (COI) gene. Invertebrates were found in 54 wells. Of the 228 individual amphipods and isopods found in 36 of the wells, 154 individuals were successfully sequenced for COI (68% success rate) from 25 wells, with at least one well in each aquifer containing sequenced individuals. Of the 45 putative species identified using Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), 30 BINs (78% of all taxa and 83% of amphipods) were previously unrecorded. Substantial morphologically cryptic, species‐level diversity was revealed, particularly within the amphipod Family Paraleptamphopidae. Similarly, one isopod taxon morphologically identified as Cruregens fontanus was assigned to five well‐separated BINs based on COI sequences. Endemism appeared high, with all taxa regionally endemic; 87% of species were restricted to one aquifer and more than 50% restricted to one well. Non‐saturated species accumulation curves indicated that, while additional sampling may increase the range of some currently identified taxa, additional range‐restricted taxa are also likely to be discovered. Patterns of diversity and short‐range endemism were similar to those found elsewhere, including locations which are more tectonically stable. The predominance of local endemism within New Zealand's groundwater fauna suggests that land‐use activities and groundwater extraction require careful evaluation to minimize threats to groundwater biodiversity.
Resonant‐type of electrode to estimate lung cancer position for assisting VATS
Authors: Sakamoto Masaya , Sora Shouta , Kumahara Kousei , Kuroki Futoshi
Published: October 2021

Malignant neoplasms (Cancers) account for 30% of the total deaths in Japan. And the number of the deaths due to the lung cancer is the most both men and women. It is being removed by video‐assisted thoracic surgery now. However, the position of the lung cancer is estimated visually in the surgery, so the surgery needs a lot of time and the advance techniques. In this paper, the resonant‐types of electrodes have been proposed in order to improve the accuracy of the lung cancer estimation; decrease the surgery burden; shorten the surgery time. The possibility of the lung cancer estimation was confirmed by using our proposed methods. As the further works, we will miniaturize the structure and improve the estimation sensibility.
Methods for Measuring Speededness: Chronology, Classification, and Ensuing Research and Development
Authors: Cintron Dakota W.
Published: October 2021

The extent to which a test's time limit alters a test taker's performance is known as speededness. The manifestation of speededness, or speeded behavior on a test, can be in the form of random guessing, leaving a substantial proportion of test items unanswered, or rushed test‐taking behavior in general. Speeded responses do not depend solely on a test taker's ability and are therefore not appropriate for traditional item response theory. The literature on measuring the extent of speededness on a test is extensive and dates back over a half‐century. Yet, simple rules of thumb for measuring speededness, dating back until at least Swineford in 1949, are still in operation—for example, 80% of the candidates reach the last item. The purpose of this research report is to provide a chronology and classification of methods for measuring speededness and to discuss ensuing research and development in measuring speededness.
Transoral endoscopic vestibular approach Sistrunk procedure: First reported case series
Authors: Banuchi Victoria E. , Long Sallie M. , Sachs Bracha Y. , Kostas Julianna C. , Ali Khalid M. , Russell Jonathon O.
Published: October 2021

Background

Standard of care for management of thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) is a Sistrunk procedure performed through a transcervical incision. We describe the first series of Sistrunk procedures performed through a transoral endoscopic vestibular approach, eliminating a visible external scar.

Methods

The transoral endoscopic vestibular approach to the Sistrunk (TEVAS) was performed in patients with TGDCs meeting inclusion criteria who desired a scarless approach.

Results

Six patients (five females and one male) underwent TEVAS, with a mean age of 38 years (range 16–56 years) and a mean TGDC size of 1.8 cm (range 1.1–2.4 cm). Mean operative time was approximately 5 h (range 2–8 h). There were no surgical complications or recurrences.

Conclusions

For appropriately selected patients, the TEVAS is an alternative to open neck surgery that provides improved cosmesis while maintaining successful resection outcomes. More data on outcomes including complications and recurrences are needed as additional case information is collected.
A neuroendocrine cause for refractory symptoms in coeliac disease
Authors: Dhillon Hardesh , Dowling Damian , Alexander Sina
Published: October 2021

Neuroendocrine tumours while rare, need to be considered in patients with chronic diarrhoea. Reported herein is a case of vasoactive intestinal peptideoma in a patient with refractory diarrhoea following a diagnosis of coeliac disease.
Chlamydia abortus OmcB protein is essential for adhesion to host cells
Authors: Liang Lin , Liu Donghui , Li Zhaocai , Zhou Jizhang , Tong Dewen
Published: October 2021

Chlamydia abortus (C. abortus) is one of the most important zoonotic pathogens, causing a number of serious diseases. The adhesion of C. abortus to host cells is the first and crucial step in the process of infection. Outer membrane protein 2 (OmcB) is the second most abundant outer membrane protein. It has been shown to be an important adhesin of Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia pneumoniae. In the present study, the OmcB gene of C. abortus was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant OmcB protein with His‐tag was used to prepare polyclonal antibodies. Infectivity inhibition assays carried out with C. abortus in the presence of recombinant OmcB showed a considerable reduction (∼50%) in infectivity. Using anti‐OmcB serum in infectivity inhibition assays resulted in a 30% reduction in infectivity. Anti‐OmcB serum and recombinant OmcB protein in infection inhibition assays showed that OmcB is a surface‐exposed protein that functions as an adhesin. The constructed deletion variant of the OmcB motif for infection inhibition assays showed that the first XBBXBX motif of the C. abortus OmcB protein is essential for binding to host cells.
Evaluation of a novel advanced pharmacy technician role: discharge Medication Education Technician
Authors: Anderson Brett J. , Taylor Simone E. , Mitchell Sally M. , Carroll Margaret E. , Verde Andrea , Sepe Daniela , EL‐Katateny Ella , Droney Jayne , Than Jenny , Hilley Patrick
Published: October 2021

Background

Despite evidence to support pharmacists practicing in advanced scope roles, embedding such roles into practice is challenging. Upskilling hospital pharmacy technicians (HPTs) to undertake selected clinical support roles under indirect supervision could relieve pharmacists from non‐complex tasks.

Aim

To compare patient satisfaction with routine postoperative discharge medication education provided by a HPT or pharmacists in a short‐stay surgery setting.

Method

An HPT completed a comprehensive training program to become a credentialed medication education technician (MEdTech). Consecutive overnight‐staying patients were assigned to receive education by the MEdTech or pharmacists according to staff availability. Patient satisfaction with their education experience was measured via telephone calls the day following discharge. The hospital’s Research Office approved this study as quality improvement.

Results

Overall, 341 patients were screened and 217 met all inclusion criteria. Two hundred patients provided feedback (100 educated by the MEdTech and 100 by pharmacists). All patients reported high levels of overall satisfaction with their education experience, irrespective of which pharmacy staff member provided the education; a finding supported by the qualitative feedback. Significantly more MEdTech‐educated patients were very satisfied with the amount of information provided (92% vs 79%) and ease of following the education (97% vs 86%) than pharmacist‐educated patients, respectively.

Conclusion

This study supports advanced practice HPTs assisting with the provision of medication information to patients. This novel workforce model could facilitate pharmacists working in advanced‐scope roles by having advanced HPTs undertake uncomplicated aspects of clinical pharmacy within a defined scope of practice and with specific pharmacist referral criteria.
Long‐term outcomes of Holmium laser enucleation of prostate and predictive model for symptom recurrence
Authors: Droghetti Matteo , Porreca Angelo , Bianchi Lorenzo , Piazza Pietro , Giampaoli Marco , Casablanca Carlo , D'Agostino Daniele , Cochetti Giovanni , Romagnoli Daniele , Schiavina Riccardo , Brunocilla Eugenio
Published: October 2021

Introduction and objectives

Holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP) represents one of the most studied surgical techniques for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Its efficacy in symptom relief has been widely depicted. However, few evidence is available regarding the possible predictors of symptom recurrence. We aimed to evaluate long‐term outcomes, symptom recurrence rate, and predictors in patients that underwent HoLEP.

Materials and Methods

We retrospectively analyzed data from patients that consecutively underwent HoLEP for BPH from 2012 to 2015 at two tertiary referral centers. Functional outcomes were evaluated by uroflowmetry parameters and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire administration at follow‐up visits at 12, 24, and 60 months. The primary outcome was the symptomatic patients' rate presenting lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after 60 months from surgery, defined as in case of one or more of the following: IPSS more than 7, post voidal residue (PVR) more than 20 ml, need for medical therapy for LUTS or redo surgery for bladder outlet obstruction. Multivariable logistic regression analyses evaluated predictors for being symptomatic at follow‐up. Covariates consisted of: preoperative peak flow rate (PFR), PVR, and IPSS, prostate volume, age (all as continuous), and surgical technique.

Results

A total of 567 patients were available for our analyses. Median prostate volume was 80cc, with a median PFR of 8 ml/s and median PVR of 100cc. One hundred and twenty‐five (22%) patients were found to be symptomatic at follow‐up. Redo surgery was needed for 25 (4.4%) patients. After adjusting for possible confounders, an increase in preoperative PVR (odds ratio [OR] 1.005) and IPSS (OR 1.12) resulted as independent predictors for symptom recurrence (all p < 0.001).

Conclusions

HoLEP can provide durable symptom relief regardless of the chosen technique. Patients with an important preoperative symptom burden or a high PVR should be carefully counseled on the risk of symptom recurrence.
Successful management of severe bronchial asthma exacerbated by anti‐PD‐L1 treatment: A report of two cases
Authors: Sumi Toshiyuki , Nagahisa Yuta , Matsuura Keigo , Sekikawa Motoki , Yamada Yuichi , Nakata Hisashi , Chiba Hirofumi
Published: October 2021

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been used for various carcinomas. However, immune‐related adverse events have been observed. There have been few reports of treatment with biologics for severe bronchial asthma induced by ICI; therefore, their efficacy is unknown. We report two cases of severe bronchial asthma requiring systemic steroid administration while using anti‐programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) antibody for advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer. The anti‐interleukin‐5 antibody, mepolizumab, was introduced, resulting in the discontinuation of systemic prednisolone and good asthma control. These reports suggest that treatment with biologics may be effective in severe cases of poorly controlled bronchial asthma during ICI therapy.
Looking at Well-being Data in Context
Authors: Oman Susan
Published: October 2021

Understanding thewhere, what, how, whoandwhyis important to any social research. This chapter poses these questions about data and well-being in various ways. We look at well-being measurement, appraising the pros and cons of different forms of data and approaches, acknowledging that all data have limits and that context should drive any chosen approach. It presents examples of qualitative data available through interviews and ethnographies, and quantitative data through surveys, and administrative records. We focus on objective well-being data and a case study of the OECD reveals the volume of decision-making behind international objective indicators. Such human intervention is rarely visible, but is important and useful to improve understanding and comprehension of well-being data more generally.
Understanding
Authors: Oman Susan
Published: October 2021

People want to better understand well-being and data—both separately and together. Others need to consider understanding differently. Arguably data should improve knowledge of good and bad well-being and reveal how to apply this information to improve societies. Understanding means more than knowledge, including a shared understanding of how to do something (like a method). Crucially, it also means empathy. This chapter presents academic and everyday perspectives from research on how people understand data and when data are a barrier to understanding and well-being. Context matters: where data come from, who these are for and about, where they go and for what purpose. Without acknowledging the limits in capacity for understanding, the ‘What Next?’ question cannot be addressed for well-being.
Ecodesign as a New Lever to Enhance the Global Value Proposition: From Space to Corporate
Authors: Le Blévennec Kévin , Vercalsteren An , Boonen Katrien
Published: October 2021

As our technology-driven society is facing new environmental challenges, more and more companies’ key decision-makers are committing to limit the impact of their products and services on the environment. While ecodesign approaches have shown the potential to increase companies’ global value proposition, the integration of environmental parameters at an early stage of the design process will only be possible if such approach is tailored to a specific sector and customer expectations. To support environmental experts in charge of organizing the integration of such approach in the design process of complex engineering systems, VITO retrospectively analysed a project initiated by the European Space Agency (ESA), from a product strategy perspective. A transposable and replicable action-step methodology facilitating the creation of a common language and enabling the translation of environmental commitments into functional requirements is resulting.
The “Environmental Activation Energy” of Modularity and Conditions for an Environmental Payback
Authors: Schischke Karsten , Proske Marina , Pamminger Rainer , Glaser Sebastian , Nissen Nils F. , Schneider-Ramelow Martin
Published: October 2021

Similar to the meaning of “activation energy” in physics and chemistry, there is a certain environmental investment needed for some circular design approaches: On the example of modular mobile devices, the additional environmental impact of implementing “modularity” is explained. This additional impact can be overcompensated through lifetime extension effects, if the design and related business models trigger the intended circularity effect. The paper systematically categorizes the different variants of modularity, explained on the example of smartphones. Each modularity approach features specific circularity aspects, including repair, upgrade, customization as a means to not over-spec a product, reuse and repurposing of modules. These life cycle management aspects are discussed on the example of various smart mobile products.
The Life Cycle Sustainability Indicators for Electricity Generation in Chile: Challenges in the Use of Primary Information
Authors: Vega-Coloma Mabel , Zaror Claudio
Published: October 2021

The need to get an appropriate quantification of the sustainability indicators involves the use of site-specific information that could come from several sources, affecting its quality. This study analyses the quality and sources to build eight environmental, seven social and four economic indicators for eight electricity generation technologies in 2005, 2009 and 2015 as reference years, following the ISO 14.040-44:2006 life cycle assessment approach. The results show for the three dimensions important differences among the periods, reaching over 400% of reduction in 2015 in case of acidification for coal power plants, thanks to environmental regulations. For levelized electricity cost and corruption index, the variations reach around 40% and 30%, mainly for fossil fuel-based power plants. These changes support the need to have a centralized, reliable and accurate data system of registration, in order to contribute to the sustainability of the electricity system in Chile.
Society’s Perception-Based Characterization Factors for Mismanaged Polymers at End of Life
Authors: Dias Ricardo , Zanghelini Guilherme , Cherubini Edivan , Delgado Jorge , Kabe Yuki
Published: October 2021

Society’s perception of an environmental impact often turns it into the drive to measure, remediate and ultimately solve the perceived problem. In some cases, this situation is noticeable even before scientists can properly establish the cause-effect pathway, for example, plastic debris effect on the oceans. This work strives to understand how public opinion deals with this transitory gap of knowledge and how to measure society’s viewpoint through marine litter. A Life Cycle Assessment was addressed comparing reusable and single-use drinking straws, from which a “society’s perception based” characterization factor for mismanaged polymers at end of life was proposed. Results showed that the factor may reach up to 1 order of magnitude higher than the characterization factors of producing the polymer and may indicate that decisions with no data to support can lead to rebound effects.
Quantitative Environmental Impact Assessment for Agricultural Products Caused by Exposure of Artificial Light at Night
Authors: Kurahara Yoko , Itsubo Norihiro
Published: October 2021

Increase in artificial lighting at night adversely affects human activities, wild animals, plants, agricultural crops, and livestock. The Ministry of the Environment defines such adverse effects as “light pollution.” Rice is an agricultural crop subject to the influence of light environment. We used LED lighting rice plants (“Koshihikari” cultivar) grown in a paddy field owned by professional farmers for illumination during the night and evaluated its impact on the rice’s heading and yield by actual measurement. We also factored in the roadway light installed in the paddy field’s vicinity and evaluated its effects on yield. Damage coefficients of light pollution for rice cultivation were developed, 18.9 g/m2/lx (equivalent to 0.046 US$/m2/lx) for natural white lighting and 16.4 g/m2/lx (equivalent to 0.039 US$ /m2/lx) for light bulb-colored lighting.
Integrated Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment: Hydrogen Production as a Showcase for an Emerging Methodology
Authors: Wulf Christina , Zapp Petra , Schreiber Andrea , Kuckshinrichs Wilhelm
Published: October 2021

Ideally, life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) consists of life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle costing (LCC) and social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) based on a joint technical model. For an integrated and consistent LCSA, however, this is not enough. Therefore, in this work, a coherent indicator selection based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well as an integration of the impact categories/indicators with the help of multi-criteria decision analysis is conducted. The chosen method PROMETHEE does not allow full compensation of the sustainability indicators, which reflects a possible view on sustainability. The SDG-based approach is compared with a classical approach where the weighting is based on the three sustainability dimensions. Both are tested on comparison case study of a 6 MW pressurized electrolyser located in three European countries, i.e. Spain, Germany and Austria, to illustrate the difference of industrial hydrogen production in industrialized countries with different structures of electricity markets.
The Journey
Authors: Chazan Barry
Published: October 2021

The goal of this book is to analyze the meanings of core terms used in the discussion of education and Jewish education and to conclude with an educator’s credo.
What Is “Moral Education”?
Authors: Chazan Barry
Published: October 2021

Moral education is one of the most significant arenas of preoccupation of analytic educational philosophy as well as of daily educational practice. Several significant alternative theories of moral education emerged in twentieth century philosophy of education.

It would seem that twenty-first century theory and practice of moral education reflects new realities, challenges, and responses.
What Is “Indoctrination”?
Authors: Chazan Barry
Published: October 2021

“Indoctrination” is a term which refers to the intent to impose ideas or beliefs upon people in areas that ultimately call for individual reflection, decision-making, and choice. It is a distasteful activity because it is aimed at limiting the individual’s ability to think and choose. Religious or moral education are not necessarily indoctrination and it is possible to create a Jewish education that is not indoctrination.
What Is “Contemporary American Jewish Education”?
Authors: Chazan Barry
Published: October 2021

The descriptive meaning and usage of the phrase “Jewish education” is ambiguous in contemporary American Jewish life. In the tradition of linguistic philosophy of education, this chapter does not come to prescribe an ideology or philosophy of what contemporary American Jewish education should be, but rather identifies how the phrase “Jewish education” is used and understood in everyday parlance in American Jewish life.
“A Relational Philosophy of Israel Education”
Authors: Chazan Barry
Published: October 2021

Twenty-first-century Jewish life requires a new paradigm for Israel education that remains loyal to the past, but speaks to today and tomorrow. This chapter presents eight characteristics of a new approach denoted as “a relational philosophy of Israeleducation”.
Einleitung
Authors: Albisser Matthias
Published: October 2021

«Content is King» tönt es aus allen Ecken der Kommunikations-, Marketing- und Werbebranche. Doch worüber sollen Marken in all den digitalen Kanälen berichten? Über Katzen, weil es den Internetnutzerinnen und -nutzern ausserordentlich gefällt? Über aktuelle Ereignisse, weil diese relevant sind und die Kommunikation anschlussfähig ist? Oder doch primär über die eigenen Produkte und Leistungen – auf die Gefahr hin, Kundinnen und Kunden zu langweilen und im Wettbewerb um Aufmerksamkeit den Kürzeren zu ziehen?
W. F. Dagajew: erste experimentelle Untersuchungen der Magenresektion
Authors: Balalykin Dmitry A.
Published: October 2021

Wladimir Fjodorowitsch Dagajew (1872–1958) ist als ein großer Organisator im Bereich des Gesundheitswesens in die Geschichte eingegangen. Dagajew wurde 1872 im Dorf Spasskoje im Nowossilsk-Kreis des Tula-Gouvernements in einer Priesterfamilie geboren. Nach dem Abschluss des Priesterseminars in Tula begann er 1896 sein Studium an der Medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Tomsk, das er 1902 abschloss.
DNA barcoding of rumen flukes (Paramphistomidae) from bovines in Germany and Austria
Authors: Wiedermann Sandra , Harl Josef , Fuehrer Hans-Peter , Mayr Sandra , Schmid Juliane , Hinney Barbara , Rehbein Steffen
Published: October 2021

Rumen flukes have received growing veterinary attention in western and central Europe during the past two decades because of an increase in prevalence of infection in cattle and sheep, including cases of severe clinical disease. Historically, rumen fluke infections in Europe were assumed to be caused mainly by Paramphistomum cervi (or species, which were later considered to be synonymous with P. cervi), but more recently molecular studies demonstrated Calicophoron daubneyi to be the predominating species. For the present investigation, adult rumen flukes isolated from 23 cattle originating from ten farms in Germany (Saxony [1], Baden-Württemberg [4], Bavaria [5]) and one farm in Austria (Tyrol) were analyzed to establish partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the complete sequence of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2). Flukes of five animals (dairy cows from three farms in Bavaria) were determined as P. leydeni, and flukes of 18 animals (dairy cows or cattle from cow-calf operations from eight farms in Saxony [1], Baden-Württemberg [4], Bavaria [2], and Tyrol [1]) were identified as C. daubneyi. Based on the molecular analysis of adult rumen flukes collected from cattle, the results of this investigation confirm the common occurrence of C. daubneyi in Germany and reveal the first definitive findings of P. leydeni in Germany and C. daubneyi in Austria.
Spatiotemporal change detection of carbon storage and sequestration in an arid ecosystem by integrating Google Earth Engine and InVEST (the Jiroft plain, Iran)
Authors: Adelisardou F. , Zhao W. , Chow R. , Mederly P. , Minkina T. , Schou J. S.
Published: October 2021

Our study uses regional-scale maps to quantify carbon storage and sequestration from different land use types to evaluate the effects of future land use scenarios. We developed an integrated modeling approach to assess the spatiotemporal impacts of land use/cover change (LUCC) on the provision and value of the carbon storage and sequestration during the historical period (2000–2019) and predicted scenarios (2019–2046) in the Jiroft plain, Iran. We integrated several analytic tools for our analysis, which was comprised of Google Earth Engine (GEE), Cellular Automata Markov Chain (CA-MC) model, Intensity Analysis (IAA), and the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model. Our results demonstrate that: (1) agriculture and urban expansion led to a considerable decrease in carbon storage, mainly due to rapid deforestation from 2000–2019; (2) if the historical trend continues under the business as usual (BAU) scenario, it will lead to considerable social costs due to the loss of stored carbon in the plain (2,624,113 Mg) with an annual average sequestration loss of −475,547 Mg; (3) the downward carbon sequestration trend could potentially be reversed by employing the environmentally sound planning (ESP) scenario that is estimated to save 3,705,491 Mg in carbon storage, with annual average sequestration gain of + 605,830 Mg. The design scenarios provide a useful guide for policymakers and local governments to help understand the potential outcomes of the various development strategies, which will ultimately lead to more effective ecosystem management.
Modelling, simulation and implementation of a hybrid model reference adaptive controller applied to a manipulator driven by pneumatic artificial muscles
Authors: Bomfim Marcelo Henrique Souza , Monteiro Neemias Silva , Lima II Eduardo José
Published: October 2021

The present research aims to model, simulate and implement a new hybrid control approach based on a combination of proportional integral derivative (PID) Controller and Model Reference Adaptive Controller (MRAC), in which Lyapunov’s theory is used to ensure asymptotic stability to control a two degrees of freedom (DoF) manipulator driven by McKibben’s artificial pneumatic muscles. The MRAC controller works as a nonlinearity compensator and PID controller works during the transient period, as the MRAC performs poorly in this regime. This new approach is entitled Hybrid Model Reference Adaptive Controller (H-MRAC) and it has an unprecedented topological structure based on three terms. The feedforward term acts in disturbances rejection, the derivative term in oscillations damping and the feedback term acts in error convergence to zero. In this article, a control system dedicated to pneumatic manipulators was developed. As a result, proof of asymptotic convergence was performed for the proposed topological approach, which was validated on a two DoF manipulator. The proposed mechanism satisfactorily met the ISO/TS 15066 standard, and the position tracking obtained a global error of 37.69% and 51.01% smaller than found in the literature examples, entitled MRAC and A-PID, respectively, for simulations and 37.46% and 30.25% for experiments.
Salutogenesis, nutritional status and eating behaviour: a systematic review
Authors: Veiga Gabriela Rossiter Stux , Padilha Bruna Merten , Bueno Nassib Bezerra , Santos Jessiane Rejane Lima , Nunes Lara Fernanda , Florencio Telma MM Toledo , Lima Marília de Carvalho
Published: October 2021

Objective:

To assess the relationship between the sense of coherence (SOC), eating behaviour and nutritional status.

Design:

It is a systematic review.

Setting:

The following databases were searched: MEDLINE/PubMed, Science Direct/Elsevier, LILACS/Bireme, SciELO and Google Scholar, using the indexed terms ‘salutogenesis’, ‘sense of coherence’, ‘nutritional status’, ‘nutrition’, ‘eating behavior’ and ‘healthy eating’. The indexed terms were used in Portuguese and English according to the database searched. The data were extracted in a standardised way and the quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.

Participants:

Observational studies were included, with no limitations on the date of publication or language.

Results:

After reading the titles and abstracts of 1855 articles, 107 full texts were retrieved, of which 27 were included. Of these, twenty-five were cross-sectional and two were longitudinal. The average score for Newcastle–Ottawa studies was 6 and most studies were rated as moderate and low quality. The cumulative sample size of all included studies was 28 981 adults and the elderly, aged between 18 and 81 years. The studies were carried out in fifteen different countries. Fifteen articles assessed eating behaviour/habit and twelve assessed nutritional status. Studies have shown that SOC has a positive relationship with an appropriate eating behaviour/habit. On the other hand, the relationship between SOC and nutritional status was controversial among studies. The heterogeneity of the data resulting from the use of different methods of evaluation of the outcomes of interest (nutritional status and eating behaviour) made it impossible to perform a meta-analysis.

Conclusion:

SOC was positively associated with adequate eating behaviour. However, it was not possible to establish a relationship between SOC and nutritional status.