bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reclamaciones transfronterizas en materia contractual contra terceros ajenos al contrato y viajes combinados: la sentencia del TJUE 26 de marzo 2020, Libuše Králová vs. Primera Air Scandinavia A/S (C-215/18): please mind the gap between the passenger and the air company!
Authors: Ruiz Martín Anna María
Published: October 2020

En la sentencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea (TJUE) que se analiza, el asunto C-215/08, el TJUE pone de relieve una vez más ante que foro de competencia judicial internacio­nal del Reglamento Bruselas I/Ibis, los pasajeros afectados por el incumplimiento de los transportistas aéreos pueden interponer reclamaciones transfronterizas de compensación. Pero se pronuncia para aque­llos casos en los que no media un contrato con la compañía aérea sino con un tercero. En este supuesto, la pasajera no celebró el contrato de vuelo de forma directa con el transportista. Lo hizo con una Agencia de viajes domiciliada en su mismo Estado miembro (República Checa). El TJUE también interpreta por las particularidades del caso, la relación del Reglamento Bruselas I con otras normas específicas en el sector del transporte aéreo y contratos de consumo, como la Directiva 90/314/CEE, sobre viajes combi­nados y el Reglamento (CE) nº 261/2004 sobre compensación y asistencia a pasajeros.
La prevención y represión del abuso de la contratación laboral temporal en las administraciones públicas. Comentario a la STJUE de 19 marzo 2000 (asuntos acumulados C-103/18 y C-429/18)
Authors: Gómez Abelleira Francisco Javier
Published: October 2020

El endémico problema del abuso de la contratación laboral temporal en las administra­ciones públicas españolas genera un nuevo pronunciamiento del TJUE, que sostiene que la renovación de contratos temporales para cubrir necesidades permanentes contraviene la letra y el espíritu de la Direc­tiva 1999/70. La sentencia analiza la eficacia de algunas medidas legales equivalentes para prevenir los abusos, como en particular la conversión de la relación temporal en “indefinida no fija”. Esta medida no permite alcanzar la finalidad perseguida por la cláusula 5 del Acuerdo Marco. Tampoco el consentimiento del trabajador puede considerarse que prive de carácter abusivo al comportamiento del empleador.
Armonización de la técnica monitoria en Europa. El proceso monitorio europeo como punto de partida
Authors: Alba Cladera Felip
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo se cuestiona si tiene sentido que el proceso monitorio europeo siga limitando su ámbito de aplicación a asuntos transfronterizos. El análisis de los puntos de convergencia y divergencia entre el proceso monitorio europeo y otros monitorios nacionales –particularmente, el español– muestra que el proceso monitorio europeo podría constituir la base para una armonización de la técnica monitoria a nivel europeo. Al mismo tiempo, y teniendo en cuenta que la armonización exige una legislación lo más perfecta posible, se formulan propuestas para dar solución a algunas deficiencias que se han detectado en la aplicación del proceso monitorio europeo.
El “tribunal supremo” de Facebook: ¿un nuevo paso hacia la justicia sin estado?
Authors: Sánchez Frías Alejandro
Published: October 2020

El presente estudio introduce al lector la naturaleza y funcionamiento del “Tribunal Supremo” de Facebook como un nuevo medio de resolución alternativa de conflictos en línea. La falta de regulación del Estado del mundo virtual, y en concreto de las redes sociales, ha favorecido la crea­ción de sistemas de “justicia privada” con el objetivo de ofrecer a los usuarios soluciones más rápidas y eficientes a sus conflictos. Este fenómeno, limitado inicialmente a para proteger los derechos de propie­dad, se ha extendido a los derechos de la personalidad, la libertad de expresión y la libertad de empresa. La aparición de órganos no jurisdiccionales especializados en esta materia ofrece importantes ventajas como alternativa a la tradicional “justicia pública”, lo cual puede guiarnos en un futuro hacia una recon­ceptualización del ejercicio de la abogacía en la que sea necesaria una formación en la lex electronica y los procedimientos que se aplican en las redes sociales.
Carrascosa González, Javier, El Reglamento Sucesorio Europeo: análisiscrítico
Authors: Cámara Lapuente Sergio
Published: October 2020

Este artículo reseña: Carrascosa González, Javier, El Reglamento Sucesorio Europeo: análisiscrítico, 2ª ed., Colección “Derecho y Letras”, Murcia, 2019, 734 p. ISBN: 978-84-09-15499-9
proposta política de Ruy Fausto
Authors: Brito Leonardo Octavio Belinelli de
Published: October 2020

Trata-se da resenha de Caminhos da esquerda – elementos para uma reconstrução, de Ruy Fausto (Companhia das Letras, 2017). Em sua primeira parte, a resenha faz uma caracterização geral da estrutura e da argumentação do livro, ambas centradas naquilo que o autor designa como “patologias da esquerda”. Em seu segundo momento, a resenha examina a proposta política avançada por Fausto.
Uji Potensi Ekstrak Daun Biduri (Calotropis gigantea) sebagai Akarisida terhadap Infestasi Gurem (Ornithonyssus bursa) pada Ayam Buras
Authors: Kedang Virgilius Martin Kelake , Rianto Rama Adi , Al Kholik Idho Anugrah , Hadi Upik Kesumawati
Published: October 2020

Infestasi ektoparasit merupakan salah satu masalah serius di bidang peternakan. Infestasi ektoparasit terbukti dapat menurunkan produktivitas ternak dan dapat menyebabkan kematian yang berdampak pada kerugian peternak. Salah satu ektoparasit yang sering menginfestasi ayam buras adalah gurem (Ornithonyssus bursa). Biduri (Calotropis gigantea) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bioakarisida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak daun biduri sebagai bioakarisida dalam mengendalikan infestasi gurem pada ayam buras. Ayam buras yang terinfestasi gurem secara alami dikelompokkan ke dalam lima kelompok masing-masing terdiri atas tiga ekor ayam. Perlakuan yang diuji dalam penelitian ini adalah larutan ekstrak daun biduri dengan konsentrasi 2 g/l, 4 g/l, dan 6 g/l, kontrol positif dengan sipermetrin 2 g/l, dan kontrol negatif dengan hanya pemberian air. Pengujian akarisida dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode dipping. Pengamatan gurem dilakukan sebelum pengujian, 24 jam setelah pengujian, 48 jam setelah pengujian, dan 72 jam setelah pengujian. Gurem dihitung dengan menggunakan counter berdasarkan regio tubuh ayam. Hasil yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis ragam sidik. Pengamatan perilaku menelisik bulu dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode scan sampling. Frekuensi perilaku menelisik bulu dihitung dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil perlakuan ekstrak daun biduri dengan persentase reduksi gurem dan aktivitas menelisik bulu tertinggi berpotensi sebagai akarisida terhadap infestasi gurem pada ayam buras.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val) Terhadap Berat Badan, Jumlah Eosinofil dan Basofil Ayam Petelur yang Diinfeksi Salmonella pullorum
Authors: Hidayah Nurul , Puspita Reina , Mujahidah Mujahidah
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak kunyit terhadap berat badan, jumlah eosinofil dan basofil pada ayam petelur dengan infeksi Salmonella pullorum. Sebanyak 28 ekor ayam petelur, dengan 4 perlakuan, yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (40% ekstrak kunyit), P2 (50% ekstrak kunyit), P3 (60% ekstrak kunyit). Masa adaptasi DOC selama 7 hari, pada hari ke-8 hingga ke-26 ayam diberi perlakukan. Pemberian ekstrak kunyit secara per oral satu kali sehari dengan dosis 0.1 ml per ekor. Proses pengambilan darah dilakukan pada hari ke-21. Analis statistik menggunakan Anova, menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata (p>0.05) terhadap berat badan ayam maupun terhadap peningkatan eosinofil dan basofil, namun dilihat dari data kenaikan, pemberian ekstrak kunyit dengan konsentrasi 50% paling bagus dalam meningkatkan berat badan ayam petelur dan pada konsentrasi 60% paling banyak terjadi peningkatan eosinofil dan basofil. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak kunyit dapat digunakan sebagai imunostimulan pada ayam petelur.
Sparganosis pada Ular Jali (Ptyas korros)
Authors: Fransiska Eunike Melanda , Hamid Iwan Sahrial , Yudhana Aditya , Triakoso Nusdianto , Praja Ratih Novita , Fikri Faisal
Published: October 2020

Ular Ptyas korros atau ular jali merupakan salah jenis ular yang ada di Indonesia.. Berbagai penyebab kepunahan adalah salah satunya masalah kesehatan seperti penyakit yang disebabkan parasit. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi cacing yang ditemukan pada ular P. korros yang telah mati, metode identifikasi menggunaka pewarnaan carmine dan diamati dibawah mikroskop dengan perbesaran 40x dan 100x. Hasil identifikasi ditemukan cacing pita Spirometra sp. sebanyak 18 ekor di  daerah subkutan dan muskulus sepanjang tubuh ular. Cacing Spirometra sp. menyebabkan penyakit spargonosis yang bersifat zoonosis atau dapat menular pada manusia.
A INTERVENÇÃO JUDICIAL NA EFETIVAÇÃO DO DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL À EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Lagares Fernanda Rodrigues , Nascimento Lúcia Maria Barbosa
Published: October 2020

A Constituição Federal Brasileira apresenta a educação como um dos direitos fundamentais de caráter social. Apesar disso, e do papel de destaque que esses possuem em nosso ordenamento, a educação é claramente um direito não efetivado na vida de muitos brasileiros, o que acaba por violar a norma constitucional.  Diante disso, e partindo do pressuposto de que a garantia à educação é um mecanismo de transformação social, este trabalho, tem como objetivo analisar a intervenção do judiciário na efetivação do direito à educação. Para tanto, encaminhou-se pelo viés da análise documental no site do Supremo Tribunal Federal buscando suas decisões nas ações que discutiam esse direito, após uma básica revisão de literatura. Estudos mostram que, embora – quando provocado – o Poder Judiciário atue pela efetivação do direito à educação, muito ainda tem a fazer para que esse direito seja concretizado em sua plenitude no Brasil.
A NATUREZA JURÍDICA DA RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DO ESTADO PELA DEMORA NA PRESTAÇÃO JURISDICIONAL
Authors: Marques Vinicius Pinheiro , Da Costa Jairo do Socorro dos Santos
Published: October 2020

Diante da notória morosidade do Poder Judiciário, frente às necessidades de entrega da prestação jurisdicional de forma célere, razoável, eficiente e as divergências doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais, surge o questionamento, a saber, qual a natureza jurídica da responsabilidade civil do Estado em caso de demora na prestação da tutela judicial? Este trabalho permite inferir, em que pese entendimento jurisprudencial em contrário, que o dever do Estado em promover a justiça célere e eficiente se resume em ação positiva, cuja omissão é específica, o que atrai a responsabilidade civil objetiva.
Os Aspectos Jurídicos e Psicológicos da Guarda Compartilhada: os desafios da adaptação familiar
Authors: Sandini Zandoná Jaqueline Moura , Da Rosa Andréia Ayres Gabardo
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo traz a abordagem dos desafios da adaptação familiar na perspectiva dos aspectos jurídicos e psicológicos da guarda compartilhada, dentro de uma abordagem qualitativa, no sentido de dispor de uma concepção exploratória, dedutiva e reflexiva inerente à temática em estudo. Dessa forma, a pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar os desafios da adaptação familiar com relação aos aspectos jurídicos e psicológicos da guarda compartilhada, apartir da perspectiva de acompanhamento da evolução da sociedade contemporânea, frente à necessidade de compreender as nuances que permeiam a questão em lide à luz do Ordenamento Jurídico Brasileiro, mais especificamente da Lei 13.058/2014. O trabalho foi desenvolvido sob a metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica, com análise de abordagem qualitativa, usando o método exploratório e dedutivo, no sentido de propiciar o aprofundamento e a aplicação dos conhecimentos desenvolvidos nas aulas respectivas. Assim, apresentou-se como 1resultado do presente trabalho a concepção de que a guarda compartilhada é uma realidade da sociedade contemporânea, que precisa ser estudada e desenvolvida de modo qualitativo e efetivo em âmbito jurídico, propiciando aos genitores a convivência com a criança ou adolescente com igualdade de condições, bem como provendo a esses indivíduos ainda em formação, física emocional e psicológica, as prerrogativas legais instituídas, evitando assim, uma possível alienação parental, e desgastes para todo o núcleo familiar.
INVENTÁRIO E PARTILHA EXTRAJUDICIAL: ATIVIDADE CARTORÁRIA COMO INSTRUMENTO DE COLABORAÇÃO À JUSTIÇA CÉLERE E EFICIENTE
Authors: De Sousa Suraika Paiva , Meirelles Virgilio Ricardo Coelho
Published: October 2020

São incontestáveis as mudanças que vem ocorrendo em meio à sociedade, onde nos tempos atuais existem grandes mudanças, inclusive no Direito. A justiça de tal modo vem procurando acompanhar essas mudanças, criando Leis que possam corroborar com a sociedade, de forma eficaz e satisfatória, desafogando o judiciário, procurando atender da melhor forma possível a essas demandas. Também, com o intuito de facilitar a vida das pessoas e desburocratizar a justiça, foi criada a Lei nº 11.441, de 04 de janeiro de 2007, em seguida a Resolução 35 do CNJ, que possibilitou a realização de inventário, partilha e divórcio consensual por meios administrativos, e normatizados pelo novo CPC/2015. Foi instituído por essa Lei o chamado procedimento administrativo ou extrajudicial (escritura pública) com vistas à solução mais célere, eficiente e econômica de problemas tratados pelo Direito de Família e pelo Direito das Sucessões. Este trabalho tem como finalidade analisar, mediante pesquisa bibliográfica, os principais eventos decorrentes dessa lei
PRAZO PROCESSUAL PARA REALIZAÇÃO DA AUDIÊNCIA DE CONCILIAÇÃO E MEDIAÇÃO PREVISTO NO ART. 334, §2°, DO CPC/2015: UMA ANÁLISE SOB A ÓTICA DOS PRINCÍPIOS FORMALISMO CONSTITUCIONAL DEMOCRÁTICO, DA COOPERAÇÃO E ACESSO À JUSTIÇA
Authors: Marques Vinicius Pinheiro , Arruda Mariane Pintaro
Published: October 2020

O art. 334, §2°, do CPC/2015, estabelece que poderá haver mais de uma sessão destinada à conciliação e à mediação, desde que não exceda a 02 (dois) meses da data de realização da primeira sessão. A presente pesquisa tem como problema central o seguinte questionamento: o prazo estabelecido no art. 334, §2°, do CPC/2015 é preclusivo ou pode admitir dilação? Como objetivo geral determinou-se analisar a possibilidade de dilação do referido prazo sob a ótica dos princípios do formalismo constitucional democrático, da cooperação e acesso à justiça. Para alcançar o desiderato proposto utilizou-se o método dedutivo, caracterizando-se a pesquisa por ser do tipo exploratória com análise qualitativa dos dados obtidos em artigos científicos e obras jurídicas disponíveis em meio físico ou eletrônico. Ao final, conclui-se que o prazo estabelecido no art. 334, §2°, do CPC/2015 pode ser ampliado, pois no direito processual contemporâneo busca-se uma superação ao formalismo imoderado, através da aplicação dos princípios processuais constitucionais, como acesso à justiça e cooperação, tendo em vista a busca pela pacificação social e o aprimoramento do sistema jurídico para maior efetividade e garantia na prestação da tutela jurisdicional justa e efetiva.
IMPACTOS DO CPC/2015 NO PROCESSO DO TRABALHO: ENFOQUE NA PROVA PERICIAL
Authors: Soares Saulo Cerqueira de Aguiar
Published: October 2020

O artigo versa sobre os impactos do novo Código de Processo Civil de 2015 no processo do trabalho, com base no neoprocessualismo, valorizando sua interpretação com enfoque na Constituição Federal. Como objetivo geral, buscou-se com o estudo canalizar um olhar questionador a respeito das alterações advindas pelo novel código processual comum na seara do processo trabalhista, refletindo sobre as inovações e aplicabilidades. Quanto a metodologia empregada, esta caracteriza-se como uma investigação teórico-documental perante uma perspectiva doutrinária e legal. Ao final da pesquisa concluiu-se que foram significativos os reflexos do Código de Processo Civil de 2015 no processo do trabalho, cabendo a jurisprudência trabalhista promover seu aperfeiçoamento, em sintonia com a preservação da segurança jurídica, condição essencial em uma sociedade democrática.
O PRINCÍPIO JUIZ NATURAL EM FACE DOS MUTIRÕES JUDICIAIS
Authors: Seraphin Angelo Stacciarini , Rocha Renata Rodrigues de Castro
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objeto a análise da possibilidade de existência de um conflito de normas no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. O conflito que pode existir entre o princípio do juiz natural do processo e os princípios da duração razoável do processo e da celeridade processual. A duração razoável do processo e a celeridade processual vem representados nesse trabalho pelo trabalho realizado pelos mutirões judiciais por todo país. Para atingir o objetivo proposto no presente trabalho foram realizadas pesquisas jurisprudenciais nos Tribunais Superiores brasileiros, STF e STJ. Foram utilizados como descritores para a pesquisa os termos Juiz Natural e Mutirão. A pesquisa realizada permitiu encontrar uma uniformidade em relação as decisões realizadas pelos Tribunais Superiores apontando para uma não existência de conflitos entre as normas aqui estudadas.
A RESSOCIALIZAÇÃO DO APENADO POR MEIO DA PARTICIPAÇÃO DA SOCIEDADE: O TRABALHO COMO INSTRUMENTO NO PROCESSO DE REINTEGRAÇÃO
Authors: Gonçalves Brito Rafael Giordano , Ferreira Ribeiro Jose Roberto , Barreto Oliveira Tarsis
Published: October 2020

O sistema penal brasileiro atravessa uma crise estrutural no que tange à ressocialização do apenado. Os objetivos da pena, descritos pela Lei de Execução Penal, não são satisfatoriamente alcançados através dos métodos aplicados pelas instituições penitenciárias, na medida em que inúmeros são os casos de reincidência criminal. O trabalho surge como importante ferramenta na reinserção do condenado, ao oferecer, além de ocupação durante o cumprimento da pena, a oportunidade de profissionalização como alternativa ao crime. Assim, a presente pesquisa avalia a importância da participação da sociedade no processo de ressocialização dos presos, posto que, através da reintegração social, o apenado resgata sua importância, podendo optar pelo caminho da moral e licitude. Ao longo do estudo são apresentadas propostas alternativas para a regeneração, tais como a criação de postos de trabalho aos apenados que necessitam de oportunidade para demonstrar seus esforços de regeneração, a fim de serem reintegrados à sociedade. O estudo utiliza-se do método dedutivo através de pesquisa bibliográfica.
LEI MARIA DA PENHA E CÔNJUGES MILITARES: PROTEÇÃO DA MULHER E DOS VALORES DA CASERNA.
Authors: Silva Ranna Rannuai Rodrigues
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo suscita a questão da violência doméstica e familiar entre cônjuges militares, refletindo sobre os 10 anos de existência da Lei Maria da Penha, sobre o aumento do efetivo feminino nas instituições militares e o aumento da formação de casais militares. São abordados os principais aspectos da legislação especial em tela, a inserção das mulheres na caserna e a posição das doutrinas e jurisprudência dos principais tribunais acerca da competência para julgamento dos casos de violência doméstica e familiar entre cônjuges militares. A finalidade aqui é trazer à tona a reflexão sobre a adequada proteção da mulher nessas situações e observar, ainda, quando a violência contra a mulher atingiria também os bens jurídicos da caserna, para assim, definir a competência para julgamento.
TRABALHO INFANTIL:UMA ALTERNATIVA PARA A ERRADICAÇÃO
Authors: Lopes Ribeiro Graziele , Carvalho R Varanda Ycyara
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho, traz histórico do Trabalho infantil no Brasil, delimitando os seus fatos e eventos. Expõe-se algumas conceituações, bem como descreve-se as piores formas dessa exploração. Apresenta-se, as legislações brasileiras e Convenções internacionais ratificadas pelo Brasil, pertinentes a esta temática. Aponta-se as políticas públicas e alguns programas vigentes que visam erradicar esse tipo de labor. Por fim, conclui-se que apesar de toda legislação protetiva, programas e políticas públicas vigentes ainda existe dificuldade para erradicá-lo. Exibe-se os indicadores sociais, de renda, entre outros do Estado do Tocantins. Analisa-se os programas efetuados pela Pastoral do Menor no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, mostrando todos os seus benefícios e sugerindo a sua inserção no Estado do Tocantins.
A OITIVA DO MENOR DE IDADE, CONFORME A LEI 13.431/17 E A SUA POSSÍVEL CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA A REDUÇÃO DAS FALSAS MEMÓRIAS EM CRIMES QUE NÃO DEIXAM VESTÍGIOS.
Authors: Perius Giovanna Helena Monteiro Ferraz Morais , Barbosa Igor de Andrade
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo discorre acerca da fragilidade da prova testemunhal, - especialmente no que diz respeito aos crimes que não deixam vestígio-, em decorrência do fenômeno das falsas memórias, o qual possui maior probabilidade de surgimento em mentes infantis. Desta forma, tem como o objetivo analisar de que forma a lei 13.431/17, a qual prevê o depoimento especial de crianças e adolescentes vítimas de infrações penais, contribui para a redução da incidência do referido fenômeno durante a instrução criminal. A conclusão de que o dispositivo legal, em razão da adoção de procedimentos específicos e apurados para a colheita do depoimento do menor de idade, contribui para um testemunho mais fidedigno à realidade, foi alcançada através de abordagem qualitativa e pesquisa bibliográfica em doutrinas e artigos, além de pesquisa documental em leis e jurisprudências.
ARBITRAGEM COMO MEIO DE SOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS ENVOLVENDO A TECNOLOGIA BLOBKCHAIN E SMART CONTRACTS
Authors: Amorim Benjamim Siqueira , Jacomini Alessandro
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo objetivou demonstrar como a arbitragem tem o potencial de ser um meio adequado para lidar com conflitos envolvendo a tecnologia blockchain. Para tanto, num primeiro momento, buscou-se delinear os aspectos fundamentais desta nova tecnologia, as mudanças que propõe este fenômeno, destacando-se, dentre suas diversas aplicações, o uso dos smart contracts, analisando-se a sua diferença em relação aos contratos tradicionais, em especial a seus possíveis conflitos que possuem características próprias. É por esse prisma que se desejou analisar as vantagens atuais do uso da arbitragem, e como elas se adequam para lidar com tais litígios. Trata-se de uma abordagem cujo objeto, isto é, a blockchain, ainda está em fase inicial de usos, desenvolvimentos e aplicações, assim, não possui o presente estudo a pretensão de respostas inteiramente conclusivas.
EDUCATION AND HEALTH FOR THE ELDERLY: an experience report of the UMANIZANDO in times of COVID-19 project
Authors: Silva Neto Luiz Sinésio , Sera Eduardo , Oliveira Deuzivania Carlos de , Santos Claudio Avelino dos , Osório Neila Barbosa
Published: October 2020

This study aims to report the multidisciplinary health education actions for the elderly of the UMAnizando project in times of COVID-19. The project proposes health education lines of action developed through a dialogical-reflective approach between staff and the elderly, considering their local reality, therefore, using a wide variety of technologies/educational practices proven to be effective, and constantly monitoring the project actions. The health education strategies of the project can serve as a model for other realities, in this challenging context of promoting health for the elderly in the COVID-19 pandemic period.
COVID-19 THE DUTY TO PROVIDE ACCESS TO HEALTH IN MERCOSUR
Authors: Silva Alice Rocha da , Santos Júlio Edstron Secundino , Pinchemel Elisa de Sousa Ribeiro
Published: October 2020

In the global pandemic environment caused by COVID-19, the fulfillment of the duty of providing access to health becomes a challenge, especially for the developing countries in Mercosur. The unpredictability spread of the disease, associated with the costs of providing access to health make the task even more difficult to be implemented individually. This reinforces the need for a joint effort by Mercosur member states in order to face the pandemic. Thereafter, the hypothetical deductive method and bibliographic review will be used in this article. The conclusion is that, especially at the present moment when the problems are global, Mercosur institutions cannot fail to act on behalf of the needy.
TRANSFORMATION OF INDIGENOUS CULTURE: and its influence on health in the face of the COVID pandemic 19
Authors: Xerente Eduardo Romprê , Xavier Klecius Eufrasio , Valadares Adriane Feitosa , Sanches Yusely Capote Sanches , Borges Ana Kleiber Pessoa
Published: October 2020

The objective of this study was to analyze in the scientific literature the influence of the cultural transformation of the indigenous population and its influence on health in the face of the COVID 19 pandemic. A bibliographic survey was carried out on the Virtual Health Library (VHL) website, using the descriptors: “culture in health ”AND“ indigenous population ”AND“ COVID 19 pandemic ”. 13 articles were selected that met the inclusion criteria. From the studies analyzed, it was noted that indigenous peoples suffer a lot of cultural and health influences from the surrounding society, due to the intense contact with white men. Thus, the emergence of diseases until then did not exist among them: parasitic, pulmonary infectious diseases (tuberculosis, pneumonia, flu), STI / AIDS and COVID 19.
The Collapse of Barings Bank and Lehman Brothers Holdings INC: An Abridged Version
Authors: Juabin Matey , Bawa James Dianuton
Published: October 2020

Bank crisis can mostly be traced to a decrease in the value of bank assets. Banks are vulnerable to a number of risks. This happens in one or a combination of the following incidences; when loans turn bad and cease to perform (credit risk), when there are excess withdrawals over available funds (liquidity risk) and rising interest rates (interest rate risk). Bad credit management, market inefficiencies and operational risk, among a host others can trigger panic withdrawals by depositors with a sense of insecurity emanating from the fear of loss of investment. In fact, the failure of Barings Bank and Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc was attributable to varied factors spanning from non-monitoring of employee activities, management’s involvement in dubious accounting practices, unethical business practices by management, over indulging in risky and unsecured derivative trade. To guide against similar bank collapse in the near future, there should be an enhanced communication among international regulators and authorities that exercise oversight responsibilities on the security market. National bankruptcy laws should be invoked to forestall liquidity crisis so as to prevent freezing of margins and positions of solvent customers.
Perceived Risk and Intentions to Practice Health Protective Behaviors in a Mining-Impacted Region
Authors: Cooper Courtney M. , Langman Jeff B. , Sarathchandra Dilshani , Vella Chantal A. , Wardropper Chloe B.
Published: October 2020

Understanding the strength of the associations between perceived risk and individuals’ behavioral intentions to protect their health is important for determining appropriate risk communication strategies in communities impacted by lead contamination. We conducted a survey within communities of northern Idaho, USA (n = 306) near a Superfund megasite with legacy mining contamination. We empirically test a theoretical model based on the Health Belief Model. Survey respondents had higher intentions to practice health protective behaviors when they perceived the risk of lead contamination as severe, recognized the benefits of health protective behaviors, and considered the risks of lead contamination. Women reported higher behavioral intentions than men, but age and mining affiliation did not have an association. Survey comments indicated that perceptions about the long-term environmental remediation in the region influenced risk perceptions. Understanding risk perceptions, behavioral intentions, and related factors can aid public health agencies in tailoring risk communication for increasing protective behaviors in mining-impacted communities internationally.
On Jordan Algebras and Some Unification Results
Authors: Nichita Florin
Published: October 2020

This paper is based on a talk given at the 14-th International Workshop on Differential Geometry and Its Applications, hosted by the Petroleum Gas University from Ploiesti, between July 9-th and July 11-th, 2019. After presenting some historical facts, we will consider some geometry problems related to unification approaches. Jordan algebras and Lie algebras are the main non-associative structures. Attempts to unify non-associative algebras and associative algebras led to UJLA structures. Another algebraic structure which unifies non-associative algebras and associative algebras is the Yang-Baxter equation. We will review topics relared to the Yang-Baxter equation and Yang-Baxter systems, with the goal to unify constructions from Differential Geometry.
Psychological Distress during COVID-19 Pandemic Distancing Precautions in Brazil
Authors: Serralta Fernanda Barcellos , Zibetti Murilo Ricardo , Evans Chris
Published: October 2020

Mass crises are disruptive to people's mental health. The study aimed to explore mental distress during COVID-19 quarantine in a sample of university workers in Brazil. The survey included sets of questions about demographics, health, and support, an open question about major concerns, and the Clinical Outcome Routine Evaluation (CORE-OM), a measure of mental distress. 407 professionals participated in the study: mean age of 40 years (SD = 11.2), mostly female (67.8%), married (64.8%) and fulfilling social distancing to avoid COVID-19 infection (99%). Using the Consensual Qualitative Research for simple qualitative data (CQR-M) the main areas of concern were grouped into six domains, as follows: Work, Health, Isolation, Personal life and routine, Social environment, and Future. Many responses were multiple. They form categories indicating specific concerns within these domains. Quantitative data were analyzed by identifying the simple effects of potential predictors of mental distress. The results indicated medium effects of help with household chores, psychiatric treatment, age and physical exercise. Having someone available to listen was the only variable with a large effect in reducing mental suffering. The hybrid approach showed that the psychological experience during the pandemic is quite multifaceted and complex pointing new clues for public mental health.
Misperception of Disease Onset in People with Gradual-Onset Disease of the Upper Extremity
Authors: Lemmers Maartje , Versluijs Yvonne , Kortlever Joost T.P. , Gonzalez Amanda I. , Ring David
Published: October 2020

Background:

Misperception that an established, gradual-onset disease such as osteoarthritis started when the symptoms were first noticed might lead to testing and treatment choices that are inconsistent with what matters most to a patient. In the present study, the primary null hypothesis was that there are no factors associated with patient-reported symptom duration (in months). The secondary null hypotheses were that there are no factors independently associated with (1) a sudden versus gradual perception of disease onset, (2) an event or injury-related versus age-related perceived cause of disease onset, and (3) the magnitude of physical limitations.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, 121 patients with an atraumatic, established, gradual-onset condition of the upper extremity completed a demographic questionnaire, measures of mental health (symptoms of depression and anxiety, worst-case thinking, and self-efficacy [the ability to adapt and continue with daily activity] when in pain), measurement of the magnitude of upper extremity-specific limitations, and questions about the perceived course and cause of the disease.

Results:

The median patient-reported symptom duration was 12 months (interquartile range, 3 to 36 months). Twenty-two patients (18%) perceived their disease as new, and 29 patients (24%) believed that the condition was related to ≥1 event (injury) rather than being time and age-related. In multivariable analysis, patients with Medicare insurance were independently associated with longer reported symptom duration (in months). Greater self-efficacy was associated with longer symptom duration in bivariate, but not multivariable, analysis. No factors were independently associated with a sudden versus gradual onset of symptoms. Hispanic ethnicity and federal, county, or no insurance were independently associated with the perception that the problem was caused by an injury or event.

Conclusions:

Approximately 1 in 5 patients misperceived new symptoms as representing a new disease, often as a type of injury. Misperception of the pathology as new had a limited association with unhealthy thoughts and is likely generally responsive to reorientation. We speculate that gentle, strategic reorientation of misperception can protect patients from choices inconsistent with their values.
Evaluations of knowledge, skills and practices of insulin storage and injection handling techniques of diabetic patients in Ethiopian primary hospitals
Authors: Netere Adeladlew Kassie , Ashete Eyayaw , Gebreyohannes Eyob Alemayehu , Belachew Sewunet Admasu
Published: October 2020

Background: Insulin is an effective therapeutic agent in the management of diabetes, but also sensitive to the external environment. Consequently, diabetic patients’ adherence to insulin delivery recommendations is critical for better effectiveness. Patients’ lack of knowledge, skill and irrational practices towards appropriate insulin delivery techniques may end up in therapeutic failure and increase costs of therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate patients’ knowledge, skills and practices of insulin storage and injection techniques.Methods: An interview-based cross-sectional study was conducted through purposive selection of participants in Northwest Ethiopian primary hospitals from March 1 to May 30, 2019. Levels of knowledge were assessed with right or wrong responses, while practice was measured by using a 4-point Likert scale structured questionnaire collected via face-to-face interviews. Likewise, a five-point observational (demonstration) techniques checklist employed to assess patients’ skills.Results: Among 194 patients approached, 166 participants completed the survey giving a response rate of 85.6 %. More than half of the respondents (54.8%) were males and the mean age (±SD) was 38.5±13.8 years. The overall patients’ median knowledge and practice levels on insulin storage and handling techniques were moderately adequate (64.3%) and fair (55.4%), respectively. In patients’ skill assessments, 94.6% correctly showed injection sites, 70% indicated injection site rotations, and 60.75% practiced injection site rotations. Education (P <0.001), duration of insulin therapy (P =0.008), and duration of diabetes (P =0.014) had significant impact on knowledge level. Education (P <0.001), occupation (P <0.001), duration of insulin therapy (P =0.001), duration of diabetes (P =0.036) and patients’ knowledge level (P <0.001) were found to have a significant effects on the patients’ practice levels. A Mann-Whitney U test also disclosed that residency, ways to get insulin and mocked injection technique during the first training had significant effects on patients’ knowledge levels.Conclusion: The current study revealed that patients had moderately adequate knowledge and fair practice levels on insulin storage and handling techniques. However, patients missed important insulin administration skills. This study highlights the need of regular public health education so as to enhance the patients’ knowledge, skill and practice levels on insulin handling techniques.
Ambulatory end-stage liver disease in Ghana; patient profile and utility of alpha fetoprotein and aspartate aminotransferase - platelet ratio index.
Authors: Nartey Yvonne Ayerki , Awuku Yaw Asante , Agyei-Nkansah Adwoa , Duah Amoako , Bampoh Sally Afuah , Ayawin Joshua , Asibey Shadrack Osei , Björkström Niklas , Ye Weimin , Afihene Mary Yeboah , Roberts Lewis Rowland , Plymoth Amelie
Published: October 2020

Background: End-stage liver disease (ESLD) is a major burden on public health, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important risk factor. We aimed to describe clinical characteristics of ESLD from cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the performance of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) - platelet ratio index (APRI) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) in Ghana. Methods: We performed an observational cross-sectional study in outpatient hepatology clinics at three teaching hospitals in Ghana, West Africa. One hundred and forty-one HCC, 216 cirrhosis and 218 chronic HBV patients were recruited by convenience sampling. Sociodemographic, history and examination, laboratory, and disease staging information were shown using descriptive statistics. Performance of the APRI score in diagnosis of cirrhosis and AFP in the diagnosis of HCC was determined using AUROC analysis.Results: Median age at presentation was 44 years for HCC and 46 years for cirrhosis. HBV was found in 69.5% of HCC and 47.2% of cirrhosis cases, and HCV in 6.4% and 3.7% respectively. APRI cut-off of 2 had sensitivity of 45.4% and specificity of 95% in diagnosis of cirrhosis, and cut-off of 1 had sensitivity of 75.9% and specificity of 89%. AUC of AFP was 0.88 (95% CI 0.81-0.94) in diagnosis of HCC. Low monthly income was associated with lower odds of undertaking AFP. Thirty one percent of cirrhotic persons were Child-Pugh C, and 67.9% of HCC patients had advanced or terminal disease at presentation. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the young age of ESLD patients in Ghana and the advanced nature at presentation. It highlights shortcomings in surveillance and the need for policies to address the burden and improve outcomes in Ghana.
Socioeconomic Determinants of Unmet Need for Outpatient Healthcare Services in Iran: A National Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Vahedi Sajad , Torabipour Amin , Takian Amirhossein , Mohammadpur Saeed , Oliaeemanesh Alireza , Kiani Mohammad Mehdi
Published: October 2020

Background: Unmet need is a critical indicator of access to healthcare services. Despite concrete evidence about unmet need in Iran’s health system, no recent evidence of this negative outcome is available. This study aimed to measure the subjective unmet need (SUN), the factors associated with it and various reasons behind it in Iran. Methods: We used the data of 13005 respondents over the age of 15 from the Iranian Utilization of Healthcare Services Survey in 2016. SUN was defined as citizens whose needs were not sought through formal healthcare services, while they did not show a history of self-medication. The reasons for SUN were categorized into availability, accessibility, responsibility and acceptability of the health system. The multivariate logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors of unmet need and associated major reasons. Results: About 17% of the respondents (N=2,217) had unmet need for outpatient services. Nearly 40% of the respondents chose only accessibility, 4% selected only availability, 78% chose only responsibility, and 13% selected only acceptability as the main reasons for their unmet need. Low education was associated with higher responsibility-related SUN, while it could also reduce acceptability-related SUN. While SUN and responsibility-related SUN were prevalent among lower economic quintiles and people with higher outpatient needs, having a complementary insurance was associated with decreased SUN and responsibility-related SUN. The elderly and those with basic insurance had lower chances to face with responsibility-related SUN, while employed individuals were at risk to experience SUN. Conclusion: It seems that Iran is still suffering from unmet need for outpatient services, most of which emerges from its health system performance. The majority of the unmet health needs could be addressed through improving financial as well as organizational policies. Special attention is needed to address the unmet need among individuals with poor health status.
Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) versus open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in the treatment of distal fibula Danis-Weber type B and C fractures
Authors: Marazzi Cesare , Wittauer Matthias , Hirschmann Michael T. , Testa Enrique A.
Published: October 2020

Background Minimally invasive plate-osteosynthesis (MIPO) has been reported to be superior to open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in the treatment of different long bone fractures. Nevertheless, in distal fibula fractures the evidence of MIPO remains scarce. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of the minimally invasive techniques applied to the distal fibula with open reduction and internal fixation within a 12 months follow-up. Methods A consecutive series of patients who underwent surgery using either ORIF or MIPO for the treatment of distal fibula fractures between 2010 and 2014 were retrospectively analysed. All distal fibular fractures requiring an operative treatment (Danis-Weber type B ≙ AO type 44 B1, 2, 3 and Danis-Weber type C ≙ AO type 44 C1, 2) were included (ORIF n=35, MIPO n=35). Patients were assessed for postoperative pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain (ranging from 0 to 10) and classified into 4 groups; “no pain” for VAS=0, “low” for VAS=1-3, “moderate” for VAS=3-5 and “severe” for VAS=5-10. In addition, complications of postoperative fracture-related infection, wound healing disorders, vascular and nerve injury as well as development of nonunion, were evaluated and analyzed. Radiologic outcome measures assessing the talocrural angle, lateral and medial clear space, tibiofibular overlap and talar tilt angle were evaluated postoperatively. Results The overall complication rate showed to be lower in the MIPO group compared to the ORIF group (14% vs. 37%, p=0.029). Even though not statistically significant, specific surgery related complications such as skin necrosis (3% vs. 9%, p= 0.275), nonunion (0% vs. 6%, p=0.139), infections and wound healing disorders (9% vs. 20%, p=0.141) as well as postoperative pain (17% vs. 26%, p=0.5) were found more frequently in the ORIF group. The tibiofibular overlap demonstrated to be significantly lower in the ORIF group (3.3mm vs. 2.7mm, p=0.033). The talocrural angle, talar tilt angle, lateral and medial clear space showed to be equivalent in both groups. Conclusion In this retrospective single-center consecutive series MIPO was superior to ORIF in the surgical treatment of distal fibula fractures with respect to the overall complication rate.
Identification and characterization of a Babesia bigemina thrombospondin-related superfamily member, TRAP-1: a novel antigen containing neutralizing epitopes involved in merozoite invasion
Authors: Montenegro Valeria N , Paoletta Martina S , Ortiz Jose Jaramillo , Suarez Carlos E , Wilkowsky Silvina E
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThe thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (TRAP) has been described as a potential vaccine candidate in several apicomplexan parasites. However, this protein and members of this family have not been characterized yet in Babesia bigemina, one of the most prevalent species causing bovine babesiosis.MethodsThe Babesia bigemina TRAP-1 (BbiTRAP-1) gene of 3186 bp was identified by a bioinformatics search using the B. bovis TRAP-1 sequence. Members of the TRAP and TRAP-related protein families (TRP) were identified in Babesia and Theileria through the search of the TSP-1 adhesive domain, the hallmark motif in both proteins. Structural modelling and phylogenetic analysis were performed with the identified TRAP proteins. A truncated recombinant BbiTRAP-1 that migrates at ~107 kDa and specific antisera were produced and used in Western blot analysis and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). B-cell epitopes with neutralizing activity in BbiTRAP-1 were defined by ELISA and invasion assays.ResultsTRAP family has 3 members in B. bigemina (BbiTRAP-1-3). All are type 1 transmembrane proteins containing the von Willebrand factor A (vWFA), thrombospondin type 1 (TSP-1) and cytoplasmic C-terminus domains along with transmembrane regions. The BbiTRAP-1 predicted structure also contains a metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS) for interaction with the host cell. The TRP family in Babesia and Theileria species contains the canonical TSP-1 domain but lacks the vWFA domain and together with TRAP define a novel gene superfamily. A variable number of tandem repeat units is present in BbiTRAP-1 and could be used for strain genotyping. Western blot and IFAT analysis confirmed expression of BbiTRAP-1 by blood stage parasites. Partial recognition by a panel of sera from B. bigemina infected cattle in ELISA using truncated BbiTRAP-1 suggests that this protein is not an immunodominant antigen. Additionally, bovine anti-recombinant BbiTRAP-1 antibodies were capable of neutralizing merozoite invasion in vitro. ConclusionsWe identified the TRAP and TRP gene families in several Babesia and Theileria species, and characterized BbiTRAP-1 as a novel antigen of B. bigemina. The functional relevance and presence of neutralization-sensitive B-cell epitopes suggest that BbiTRAP-1 could be included in future vaccine candidates against B. bigemina.
COVID-19: What Can Iodine Maps From Perfusion CT Teach Us? A Prospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Santamarina Mario G. , Riscal Dominique Boisier , Beddings Ignacio , Contreras Roberto , Baque Martiniano , Volpacchio Mariano , Lomakin Felipe Martinez
Published: October 2020

Background: Subtraction CT angiography (sCTA) is a technique used to evaluate pulmonary perfusion based on iodine distribution maps. The aim of this study is to assess lung perfusion changes with sCTA seen in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and correlate them with clinical outcomes.Material and Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out with 45 RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients that required hospitalization at three different hospitals, between April and May 2020. In all cases, a basic clinical and demographic profile was obtained. Lung perfusion was assessed using sCTA. Evaluated imaging features included: Pattern predominance of injured lung parenchyma in both lungs (ground-glass opacities, consolidation and mixed pattern) and anatomical extension; predominant type of perfusion abnormality (increased perfusion or hypoperfusion), perfusion abnormality distribution (focal or diffuse), extension of perfusion abnormalities (mild, moderate and severe involvement); presence of vascular dilatation and vascular tortuosity. All participants were followed-up until hospital discharge searching for the development of any of the study endpoints. These endpoints included intensive-care unit (ICU) admission, initiation of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and death.Results: Forty-one patients (55.2 +/- 16.5 years, 22 men) with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and an interpretable iodine map were included. Patients with perfusion anomalies on sCTA in morphologically normal lung parenchyma showed lower Pa/Fi values (294 ± 111.3 vs. 397 ± 37.7, p=0.035), and higher D-dimer levels (1156 ± 1018 vs. 378 ± 60.2, p<0.01). The main common patterns seen in lung CT scans were ground-glass opacities, mixed pattern with predominant ground-glass opacities and mixed pattern with predominant consolidation in 56.1%, 24.4% and 19.5% respectively. Perfusion abnormalities were common (36 patients, 87.8%), mainly hypoperfusion in areas of apparently healthy lung. Patients with severe hypoperfusion in areas of apparently healthy lung parenchyma had an increased probability of being admitted to ICU and to initiate IMV (HR of 11.9 (95%CI 1.55-91.9) and HR 7.8 (95%CI 1.05-61.1), respectively). Conclusion: Perfusion abnormalities evidenced in iodine maps obtained by sCTA are associated with increased admission to ICU and initiation of IMV in COVID-19 patients.