bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel hybrid marine predators-Nelder-Mead optimization algorithm for the optimal design of engineering problems
Authors: Panagant Natee , Yıldız Mustafa , Pholdee Nantiwat , Yıldız Ali Rıza , Bureerat Sujin , Sait Sadiq M.
Published: May 2021

The marine predators optimization algorithm (MPA) is a recently developed nature-inspired algorithm. In this paper, the Nelder-Mead algorithm is utilized to improve the local exploitation powers of the MPA when described as a hybrid marine predators and Nelder-Mead (HMPANM). Due to the harsh competitive conditions as well as the transition to new vehicles such as hybrid and full-electrical cars, the interest in the design of light and low-cost vehicles is increasing. In this study, a recent metaheuristic addition, a hybrid marine predators optimization algorithm, is used to solve a structural design optimization problem to prove how the HMPANM can be used in solving industrial design problems. The results strongly prove the capability of the HMPANM for the optimum design of components in the automotive industry.
Short term tribological behavior of ceramic and polyethylene biomaterials for hip prosthesis
Authors: Shankar Subramaniam , Nithyaprakash Rajavel , Santhosh Balasubramaniam Rajasulochana
Published: May 2021

Reduction in wear of artificial bio-implants results in the release of a lesser amount of wear particles into the blood stream. This paper focuses on analyzing the tribological behavior of ceramic and polyethylene bio-materials experimentally. Four different biomaterials namely Zirconia, Silicon Nitride, UHMWPE (ultra high molecular weight polyethylene) and PEEK (polyether ether ketone) are investigated for friction and wear coefficients using a pin on disc (PoD) tribometer. Alumina (Al2O3) is chosen as the disc material. Polyethylene based UHMWPE and PEEK are used as a pin material with the hemispherical end, while, Zirconia and Silicon Nitride ceramic materials are used in the form of spherical ball. 0.9 % NaCl (saline solution) is used as a lubricant medium. Zirconia showed a better reduction in friction and wear coefficient characteristics under lubrication conditions when compared with polyethylene and other ceramic materials. The estimated friction and wear coefficients would be helpful for surgeons and academicians to choose better wear-resistant bio-compatible materials for effectively design hip prosthesis. The present study compared the tribological behaviors of ceramic materials Si3N4 and ZrO2 and polyethylene materials PEEK and UHMWPE with a ceramic counterpart Al2O3 disc. In the lubrication case, ZrO2 showed a better reduction in friction and wear characteristics while in the dry case UHMWPE showed lesser wear characteristics.
Diskurse protestantischer Hebraisten der Frühen Neuzeit über jüdische Kommunikationsformeln
Authors: Stern Heidi
Published: May 2021

The study addresses the issue of the Christian scholarly interest in the Hebrew language since the rise of Humanism. Though the main focus of that interest in Hebrew grammar and vocabulary was to get a better understanding of the “Old Testament”, the subsequent reformation fostered the notion that a better knowledge of both the Hebrew language and the Jewish culture, can promote the conversion of Jews to Christianity. The article inspects possible other underlying motives and discourses behind the translation of Hebrew and Old Yiddish blessings into Latin as the most important lingua sacra, taking into account twentieth century theories about power and hegemony by Michel Foucault and Antonio Gramsci. The study examines the chapter about Jewish greetings and blessings in the original dictionary Šemot Devarim – Nomenclatura Hebraica Autore Helia Levita (Isny, 1542) and the revised translation as Nomenclator Eliae Levitae Germani by Johannes Drusius and son (Franeker, 1652). Also included are transliterated editions of both texts, with translations.
A German-Jewish Existence: Stéphane Mosès and the Establishment of German Literature Studies at the Hebrew University
Authors: Livne Sharon , Aue-Ben-David Irene
Published: May 2021

The paper is dealing with the foundation of the Division for German Literature and Language at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem from the point of view of its first head, Prof. Stéphane Mosès.
Crystal structure of 7-hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene from Arundina graminifolia, C16H16O3
Authors: Zhang Xing-Yu , Chen Wei-chi , Liu Mei-Feng
Published: May 2021

C16H16O3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.548(3) Å, b = 13.426(4) Å, c = 11.369(3) Å, β = 103.0934°, V = 1270.7(7) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0421, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1243, T = 296(2) K.
Evaluation of Unevenness and Tensile Properties of Open-End Yarns Produced by Recycled Acrylic-Based Textile Wastes from Different Sources
Authors: Gun Ahu Demiroz , Yigit Emine Songul
Published: May 2021

The classification of acrylic textile wastes based on source is important, because each waste type from different sources greatly affects product quality. This study primarily deals with recycled acrylic fibers obtained from three categories of acrylic-based tops, yarn, and fabric waste through a mechanical recycling method of garneting. With the use of recycled acrylic fiber types as 100 % ratio and in blends with recycled cotton and virgin polyester fibers, open-end yarns in two twist coefficients were produced, and then the effects of these selected materials and twist coefficient on the unevenness (CVm) and tensile properties of the yarns were discussed. The 100 % recycled acrylic yarn type produced from the tops waste type revealed the lowest CVm results and the highest tenacity and breaking elongation results. The blending of the virgin polyester fiber with the recycled acrylic fiber types improved the tenacity results. It can be concluded that tops, yarn, and fabric acrylic wastes have potential to be used as sustainable and low-cost sources of raw material in the production of open yarns of acceptable quality.
Analysis of Vibro-Acoustic Path for Quantification of Tire-Pavement Interaction Noise Using a Two-Wheeler
Authors: Radhika B. , Sundar Sriram , Biligiri Krishna Prapoorna
Published: May 2021

The objective of this research was to explore methods of signal analysis to study characteristics of the path for tire-pavement systems. The scope encompassed utilization of the state-of-the-art signal processing techniques to analyze the vibro-acoustic path for quantification of tire-pavement interaction noise of different types of pavement systems. Data collection included actual field noise and acceleration measurements on asphalt concrete (AC) and cement concrete (CC) pavement sections at varying speeds. First, single frequency filtering (SFF) method was utilized to minimize the tread impact effect and highlight the path resonances based on which the absorption metrics were proposed. Sharp peaks in the average SFF spectra indicated lower absorption, and smooth peaks reflected higher absorption capacity of a pavement system. Second, the input-output relation of a dynamical system was utilized to compute the transfer function, which helped characterize nonlinear properties of the tire-pavement system. For a given pavement type, based on the inconsistency found with frequencies across all speeds, the path behavior was inferred as nonlinear. The frequencies corresponding to CC pavement were higher by about 7% compared to AC. Furthermore, at each speed, root mean square of CC pavement was about 11–18 dB higher than AC. The framework proposed in this research will help quantify the contribution of pavement types to the overall vibro-acoustic path while also being able to measure the variation in roadway’s contribution with vehicular speed.
Neglected congenital adrenal hyperplasia presenting as recurrent abdominal pain
Authors: Oluwayemi Isaac Oludare , AH Oyebanji , MT Omowaye
Published: May 2021

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disorder with the incidence of the classic type being 1:15,000 births worldwide. It results from defective synthesis of steroid hormones because of deficiency of one of the five enzymes required for synthesis of cortisol. Cases of severe forms of CAH are often missed in developing countries where there is no program for newborn screening with many of them dying in neonatal periods. Management of the mild forms are also hindered or delayed because of superstitions, ignorance and poverty. We present an 11years old girl who presented with abnormal genital since birth and recurrent monthly lower abdominal pain of eight month duration. She had Tanner stage 4 breasts, normal female pubic hair distribution, clitoromegaly, fused scrotalized labia with urogenital sinus and absent vaginal opening. Abdominal ultrasound showed normal female reproductive organs; she had advanced bone age of 16years and elevated serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone level. She’s being worked up for possible genitoplasty.
Current topics of theory and practice for low carbohydrate diet (LCD) in diabetic patients
Authors: BANDO Hiroshi
Published: May 2021

Both humans and animals generate energy by tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle from carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Among them, carbohydrates axis seemed to be the main route for energy production so far. In the case of diabetes, however, the restraint of glucose metabolism would be beneficial by low carbohydrate diet (LCD) or newly-introduced oral hyperglycemic agent (OHA), Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i). Author and colleagues have developed LCD movement by Japan LCD promotion association (JLCDPA). Our lectures include useful and practical 3 LCD meals, which are petite-LCD, standard-LCD and super-LCD with carbohydrate content ratio as 40%, 26% and 12%, respectively.
Comparison of diabetic patients' attitude and practice on medicinal herbs consumption and classical treatment in type 2 diabetes and related factors
Authors: Ali Azizi , Pegah Shaheb-Hmaei
Published: May 2021

Background: Medicinal herbs are used in traditional medicine to control and treat many diseases, including diabetes. The use of medicinal plants by diabetic patients has increased dramatically over the past decade. Methods: From diabetic patients covered by Kermanshah Diabetes Center, 51 patients were selected for each of the three groups (herbal medicine, drug therapy, and combination therapy) of type 2 diabetic patients (151 patients in total). After completing the questionnaire, their attitude and practice were compared. Effective factors were also analyzed using chi-square, t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results: Significant statistical differences were reported between the mean and standard deviation of patients' attitude toward herbal medicines in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the herbal (17.2±0.8), medicinal (9.7±2.7) and combination group (15.4±2.3) (P<0.001). There was no significant relationship between the level of positive attitude to herbal treatment with age, sex, education level, marital status, occupation and family history of diabetes. But this relationship was significant for the duration of disease and duration of treatment (P=0.01). Cinnamon, green tea, ginger, fenugreek, nettle, and turmeric were the most commonly used medicinal herbs. Conclusions: The results of this study show that diabetic patients with the use of herbal medicine had a better attitude towards the use of herbal medicines than patients with combination or drug treatment alone. Patients with shorter duration of treatment and illness had higher attitudes and performance than herbal medicines.
High risk of psychological disorders: anxiety and depression in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Moulana Mohadetheh , Lim Crystal S , Sukumaran Anju P
Published: May 2021

Study objective: This study is aimed to assess the prevalence of psychological disorders among different racial/ethnic group of normal weight and overweight adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)from a state in southeastern US. Design, setting, and participants: The data of 157,459 adolescents were collected through “the Patient Cohort Explorer” system at the University of Mississippi Medical Center (UMMC) from January 2013 to December 2019.Unidentified patients were searched with diagnosis code for PCOS, age, race/ethnicity, and associated diagnosis including weight gain, anxiety, depression, ADHD, and behavioral concerns. Interventions: None. Main outcome measures: Prevalence of PCOS and psychological disorders. Results: A total of 712 adolescents with PCOS were diagnosed in clinics during the period of study. Collected data indicated that prevalence of PCOS in adolescents seen in clinics was less than 1% with no significant difference by race or ethnicity. Almost 45% of patients suffered from one or more psychological disorders. (Anxiety: 18%, Depression: 16%, ADHD: 9%). Conclusions: Results from this study provide the first evidence of prevalence of PCOS and psychological disorders in adolescents with PCOS in a southern state. Our findings of a high prevalence of psychological disorders suggest that early screening for mental health symptoms must be considered during primary care clinical assessment of adolescents with PCOS. Left undiagnosed and/or untreated, chronic anxiety and depression may exacerbate mental health issues in this vulnerable population.
Saving lives through voluntary blood donation: learning from medical students in ruvuma, southern Tanzania
Authors: Shabani Moshi Moshi , Zimbwe Kauke Bakari , Sobhy Soha , Mbwele Bernard
Published: May 2021

Background: Medical students present a high merit and potential source of blood in hospitals due to their medical knowledge, physiological potential by age however their use has been rarely described in southern Tanzania. Objectives: The main objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, willingness for the future blood donation among medical students of southern, Tanzania. Methods: A cross-sectional study to assess awareness, knowledge, attitudes, willingness and factors associated blood donation among medical students in Ruvuma, Southern Tanzania was conducted from March to June 2018. A self- administered questionnaire was used and data was analyzed by IBM Corp, SPSS Version 24.0. Results: A total of 176 students were assessed at an average age of 25.8 ± 3.6 years. Eighty medical students (45.5%) ever donated blood while among them 66 (82.5%) of those being out of volunteering. About 46 (57.5%) students had a repeated experience for blood donation. Majority of students had positive attitude toward blood donation 159 (90.3%), often 135 (77%) identified voluntary blood donation to be useful and 133 (75.6%) were willing to donate in the future. Factors that were significantly associated with blood donation were age above 30 (OR=0.18, p<0.001), male sex (OR=3.69, p=0.001), past HIV screening (OR=2.59, p=0.029), knowledge of one’s own blood group (OR=4.86, p<0.001,) and knowledge of the safe duration to donate a unit of blood (OR=2.42, p=0.024). Conclusion: Medical students present a high awareness, positive attitude, and high intention to donate blood to achieve the WHO goal for non-remunerated blood donation.
Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation with CD3+/CD19+ ex-vivo depletion is a therapeutic option in children without a matched donor, or after graft failure: Experience at the National Institute of Pediatrics
Authors: Olaya-Vargas Alberto , Uribe Nideshda Ramírez , López-Hernández Gerardo , Salazar-Rosales Haydeé , CampoMartínez Ángeles del , Flores-Camacho Teresa , Maldonado-Silva Karla , Sánchez-Sánche Pilar , Mujica-Guzmán Fabiola , Bustamante-Ogando Juan Carlos , Rivera-Luna Roberto
Published: May 2021

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a widely used therapy for different diseases in the pediatric population. Haploidentical transplantation with negative immunoselection using electromagnetic fields is an alternative for those patients without an HLA-matched donor. Twenty pediatric patients under 18 years old received a haploidentical CD3+/CD19+-depleted transplant due to the absence of an HLA-matched donor. The mean age at which HSCT was performed was 6.6 years (range 1-18 years), and clinical indications were: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (9 patients), primary immunodeficiency (8 patients), acute myeloid leukemia (2 patients), and severe aplastic anemia (1 patient). The medium dose of cells infused was 10.9 (min. 2, max. 32) x 106/kg CD34+ cells, 3.2-4.1 x 105/kg CD3+ cells and 2.4-3.7 x 105/kg CD19+ cells. Results: Eleven of the twenty patients had donor engraftment (55%) and had complete chimera of their donors. From this group, nine (45%) developed primary graft failure, and four (36%) developed graft-versus-host disease. In the group of leukemia patients, overall survival was 75% while event-free survival was 40%. Haploidentical transplantation with negative immunoselection is a useful and feasible strategy for children without an ideal donor. In our cohort, patients with acute leukemia had better outcomes than patients with non-malignant diseases.
Myeloid and lymphoid sinchronous neoplasm with t(8;13) (p12;q12) - FGFR1 in a positive SARS-CoV-2 patient: Case report
Authors: Lombardía P Picallo , Sanchez M Pereiro , Moral JL Sastre
Published: May 2021

33 year-old male with a myelo-lymphoid neoplasm presentation at the debut. He went to Hospital because of fever and throat pain, with SARS-CoV2 infection at the same time. Initial blood tests showed hyperleukocytosis (49,320 x 10^3µL) and high cell count of neutrophils (39,440x10^3µL). Peripheral blood studies were suggestive of myeloproliferative Syndrome, and SARS-CoV-2 test was positive. Flow citometry (FCM) studies showed lymphocytes with patological inmunophenotype (CD3-) indicative of lymphoid component. Genetic studies showed 8p11/FGFR1 traslocation with caryotipe: 46,XY,t(8;13)(p11.2;q12)[22]/46,XY[3]. Myeloid genetical studies were negative, but TCR was positive. We concluded he presented lymphoid / myeloid complex neoplasm with significant tumor burden at debut, which is characteristic of this traslocation. Bone marrow and peripheral blood studies were compatible with myeloproliferative Neoplasm, even though genetic studies guide to lymphoid disease. Both ganglio biopsy and FCM of bone marrow diagnosed a T-lymphoma. B symptoms (asthenia and weight loss) and palpable lymphadenopaties also indicate T component. This complex hematological neoplasm was aggravate by SARS-CoV-2 infection. It was decided to treat the haematological disease once the infection was solved. Patient received standard doses according to usual protocol for T acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in Spain, in an alogenic stem cell trasplant (ASCT) candidate. Also SARS-CoV2 infection was treated and solved. Now patient is responding to treatment, showing antibodies to the virus. With control-test negatives until today doing every two weeks, recommended by Infectious disease department of our center. grow factor receptor (FGFR) is a non-exclusive molecule of human being. Four different types of FGFR are known in our environment. FGFR tirosin kinase activity has a N-terminal sequence codified by FIM gene, which joins the kinase domain. This covalent bond is responsible for oncogenic potential of this hematopoietic cells. The gen receptor plays an important role in Hematopoiesis. Its hyperactivity leads to abnormalities in signal pathways, resulting with cellular mutations or Hematological neoplasms.1 Abnormalities in this factor are also responsible for genetic diseases such as Pffeifer or Kallman syndrome (FGFR3). Also tumors (FGFR1- lymphoblastic lymphomas) or genetic traslocations related to Hematological malignancies are described. They are usually associated to chromosome eight traslocation (t8;13), as a result of gene fusion ZMYM2(ZNF198)-FGFR1. Few cases are registered about 8p11/FGFR1 traslocation-related neoplasms at literature. Mixed myelo-lymphoid neoplasms are usually related to this traslocation.2 This neoplasms associated with FGFR1 mutation frequently get the origin in Stem cell, resulting in a wide and heterogeneus clinical presentation.3
Effects of transport using an unmanned aerial vehicle on blood samples for cross-matching tests
Authors: Nakahara Michiyo , Teratani Miyuki , Yakushiji Koki , Yakushiji Fumiatsu , Fujita Hiroshi
Published: May 2021

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of transport using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) on blood samples for cross-matching tests in the transfusion of red blood cell solution. Materials and methods: Two bags of red blood cell (RBC) solution (blood type, A, RBC#1 and #2; 280 mL per bag) were obtained from the Japan Red Cross Society. The RBC solution in each bag was further separated into three bags (93 mL per bag). The UAV group consisted of RBC solution with a segment tube containing the whole blood in a temperature controlled cooler box transported using an UAV. The control group consisted of RBC solution with a segment tube containing the whole blood in an in-house refrigerator that was not transported. Samples from the RBC solution were collected on day 10 (2 days before transport) and day 13 (day after transport), and lactate dehydrogenase (LD), potassium, blood sugar, and lactic acid levels were measured. After transport, cross-matching tests were performed using whole blood in the segment tubes and patient`s blood (blood type, type A). Results: We compared the biochemistry between the UAV and control group and found no significant differences, except for LD level. Although the LD level in the UAV group slightly increased compared with that in the control group, the whole blood containing the segment tubes was not hemolyzed, and cross-matching tests were performed. Conclusion: We could fly and transport an RBC solution with segment tubes using an UAV, and this mode of transport did not affect the cross-matching tests, despite mild hemolysis in the RBC solutions.
Emotional and disability status in patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: dos Santos Mayra Campos Frâncica , dos Santos João Paulo Manfre , Silva Júnior Rubens Alexandre , Pimenta Ferrari Rosângela Aparecida , Megumi Iida Ligia , Carvalho Andraus Rodrigo Antônio , Ruy Figueiredo Sue Ellen Ferreira Modesto , Parron Fernandes Karen Barros
Published: May 2021

Objective: to analyze the prevalence of psychological disorders (anxiety, depression, stress) and the relationship of these factors with functional disability in patients with chronic low back pain. Study design: cross-sectional descriptive and observational study. Setting: the physiotherapy outpatient clinic of the Northen University of Paraná, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Methods: 84 individuals were recruited, being 43 elderly (20 with low back pain and 23 control subjects) and 41 adults (21 with low back pain and 20 control subjects). In order to assess the psychological aspects, Beck Inventories of Depression and anxiety as well as Lipp Stress Inventory were used. To evaluate the funcionality, Roland Morris Questionnaire was chosen. The evaluation of the pressure pain threshold was performed using algometer emg systems®. To analyse was considered a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: It was observed that people with low back pain have higher scores of depression, anxiety, stress and functional disability compared to the control group (p<0.05). Among adults, an inverse relationship between anxiety and disability (p<0.05) was observed. In subjects with low back pain positive correlation was observed between anxiety and functional disability and, between the depression and functional disability (p<0.05). In addition, no association was found between stress and functional disability in patients with low back pain (p<0.05). Conclusion: suggest that in patients with low back pain worsening of functionality is anxiety and stress and elderly people with low back pain has higher levels of stress, depression, anxiety and function disability.
Covid 19 patient hides his travel history; a case report in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Shehzad , Nadeem Muhammad , Rokhan Bakht , Abbas Shah , Hadi Sanyya
Published: May 2021

Covid 19 is evolving as an epidemic. This is a case report of Covid 19 patient who had previous surgery for Carcinoma stomach. He was referred for follow-up CT chest and abdomen. The patient hides his recent travel history to Malaysia just to get his CT done. His HRCT findings were typical for CV-19 and later on his PCR confirmed CV-19 but he already came in contact with health care providers. Patients are concealing their travel histories which are also spreading infections.
Less is more when treating the nasal ala with superficial radiotherapy
Authors: Butcher Lucy M , Fogarty Gerald B , Sinclair Susan , Kuchel Hanna , Paver Robert
Published: May 2021

Skin cancer is the most common malignancy, is increasing in incidence, and occurs most commonly on the head and neck. Cancers of the nasal ala pose therapeutic challenges given the cosmetic and functional importance. Both surgery and radiotherapy (RT) have similar oncological outcomes. RT is tissue-conserving and may have an advantage in cosmetic and functional outcomes, but more comparative trials are needed. RT needs to be delivered well to avoid late effects such as skin atrophy, fibrosis and telangiectasia, which may increase with higher dose per fraction. We describe three cases of self-reported thinning of the nasal ala following definitive mildly hypofractionated superficial radiotherapy (SXRT) of 2.5 Gy per fraction. SXRT to skin cancers of the nasal alar with standard fractionation of at most 2 Gy per fraction may be important in ensuring excellent cosmetic outcomes and patient satisfaction.
Experiences when irradiating grafts and flaps for skin cancer
Authors: Dwyer Liam J , Haddad Roger L , Fogarty Gerald B
Published: May 2021

"Resection of skin cancer with graft or flap repair may be referred for local postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) to ensure local control." PORT needs to be delivered in a certain time frame after surgery, but this may impact on graft and flap survival. The purpose of this article is to pass on some experience our multidisciplinary team has acquired in order to assist in the management of these cases. Specifically, pertinent issues in patient assessment (history and examination), indications for PORT, the differences between a graft and a flap, and technical considerations in the prescription of radiotherapy to these are covered, accompanied by illustrative cases with appropriate photographs and diagrams. The principal findings are that a conservative approach may need to be taken to ensure graft and flap survival, with PORT reserved for a role in salvage. Other interesting cases cover the lack of acute radiation side effects in flaps; the tendency of acute radiation skin toxicity to move with gravity, and transplanted skin may have a different radiation sensitivity to that of its new environment. We hope that this article will be of use for the multidisciplinary skin oncology team. Further research is needed to validate and confirm our findings.
Wedge angle confirmation in computer controlled wedge field
Authors: Farrukh Salman
Published: May 2021

Aim: The use of computer controlled wedge system is an important segment of radiotherapy and increases the uniformity of dose in the target volume. The aim of this study is to verify the virtual wedge angles from the machine setup angles in Siemens ONCOR Linear accelerator (Linac) and compare with published data of different linear accelerators as a function of beam energy and field sizes. Method and material: This experiment was carried out on Siemens ONCOR impression linear accelerator (Linac). The doses at different depth were measured by using CC13 ion chamber. During our work the source to surface distance was kept 100 cm. The square field sizes on which we worked were 10 cm2, 15cm2 and 20 cm2.The selected Virtual wedge angles for our study are 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°.This work is carried out for both photon energies 15 MV and 6 MV, tissue equivalent water phantom IBA blue water phantom inside which all the observations were taken. The LDA 99 detector for virtual wedge profile was used. The wedge angle were calculated for the Siemen’s given formula. The variation in wedge angle from machine setup angle and published data as a function of beam energy and field sizes were analyzed. Results: The variation increases with field size and wedge angle but decreases with beam energy. Conclusion: Deviations are under 3% which are acceptable before treatment planning.
Willingness of antenatal care attendees towards voluntary HIV counseling and testing, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Sintayehu , Dulla Dubale
Published: May 2021

Background: Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) is an entry point for the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child and accessing VCT benefit from PMTCT services. Even though, some pregnant women clearly know the benefits /advantages of PMTCT services, they are not willing to test and access the services. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the willingness of pregnant women attending antenatal care towards VCT/PMTCT at Adare general hospital in southern Ethiopia. Method: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Hawassa Adare hospital, southern Ethiopia from February to April/2018. A total of 338 randomly selected pregnant women who were attending antenatal care clinic were included. Data was collected using structured and pretested questionnaire; entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 computer software. Important descriptive and logistic models were used for data analysis assuming statistical significance at p < 0.05. Result: A total of 338 mothers were interviewed with a response rate of 100%. The willingness towards voluntary HIV counseling and testing among study participants was 82.2%. Participants who attended primary and High school and above were 3.9 (AOR= 3.87, 95% CI- 1.705, 8.782) and 9.5 times (AOR 9.53 at 95% CI- 3.155, 28.76); those who had good knowledge about VCT/PMTCT were 3.47 times (AOR=3.47, 95% CI-1.721, 7.003); women who followed two to three ANC visit, were 5.1 times more likely have willingness towards VCT/PMTCT (AOR 5.11 at 95% CI -1.095, 23.81) more likely willing to be tested than their counterparts respectively. Conclusion: Willingness towards voluntary HIV counseling was encouraging however it needs advancement. Since boosted knowledge and awareness promote willingness to VCT/PMTCT uptakes, initiation of community-based information dissemination, increased quality of ANC service, and empowering women to be educated could be effective in order to promote high VCT and PMTCT program uptakes
Prevalence and associated factors of home delivery among women at Jimma town, Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Yetwale Aynalem , Melkamu Eneyew , Ketema Workiltu
Published: May 2021

Background: Maternal and child mortality and morbidity are higher during childbirth in developing countries compared to developed countries. Institutional delivery service utilization is indispensable to improve maternal and child health.However, the proportion of women utilizing institutional delivery service in Ethiopia is very low. In addition, little is known about factors contributing to home delivery. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of home delivery and associated risk factors at Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed on 423 study participants. Data were collected by semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interview. A systematic sampling technique was used to select study participants. After cleaning and checking completeness of collected data, data was entered into Epi data version 3.3.1 software and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 21.0 for analysis. Logistic regression was used to find out the association between explanatory and response variables. Explanatory variables which fulfill the assumption of logistic regression and had a P-value less than 0.25 from bi-variable logistic regression were considered for the multivariable logistic regression model. The strength of association was evaluated using odds ratio at 95% confidence interval (CI) and P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare significant associations. Results: The prevalence of home delivery in this study was 36.64% (n=155/423 and it had significant association with illiteracy AOR=2.7 [(95%CI); (1.37-5.43)], multi-gravida AOR=2.12 [(95%CI); (1.09-4.10)], history of antenatal care (ANC) follow up AOR=4.15 [(95%CI); (2.57-6.70)] and husband educational status AOR=13.5 [(95%CI); (2.86-63.62)]. Conclusion: The prevalence of home delivery in this study was high compared to world health organizational recommendation. Educational status of the mother, gravida, antenatal care follow up and husband educational status were factors that had a significant association. Women empowerment through educational opportunities, increase antenatal care follow up and male involvement in maternal health service are recommended
Dental considerations in pregnancy
Authors: Hassan Shaik Ali
Published: May 2021

Pregnancy is a unique state prompting a few physiological transient changes in the body frameworks including the oral depression. So as to keep up great oral wellbeing, the dental treatment ought not be retained. The dental management of pregnant patients includes uncommon contemplations. The dental management of pregnant patients requires extraordinary consideration. Dental specialists, for instance, may postpone certain elective techniques so they correspond with the times of pregnancy which are given to development versus organogenesis. At different occasions, the dental consideration experts need to adjust their ordinary pharmacological armamentarium to address the patients' needs versus the fetal requests. Applying the nuts and bolts of preventive dentistry at the essential level will expand the extent of the pre-birth care. Dental specialists ought to energize all the patients of the childbearing ages to look for oral wellbeing directing and assessments when they discover that they are pregnant. In this article we will tell how the dentist can prevent the diseases in pregnancy
Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea remission, with spontaneous pregnancy after behavioral modifications
Authors: Campagnolo Maria Thereza , Luis Duarte Marcio , dos Santos Lucas Ribeiro
Published: May 2021

Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea (FHA) is a disorder that generates a state of chronic anovulation due to a low calorie intake and high energy expenditure through intense physical activity. This energy deficit induce several hormonal changes that lead to decreased secretion of gonadotrophin releasing-hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), resulting in a chronic state of hypoestrogenism and infertility. Loss of bone mineral content and delayed puberty may also arise from such condition depending on patient´s age. Herein we present a case of a patient with HFA that was reversible through behavioral modifications, resulting in spontaneous pregnancy
Early developmental stages in spore germination of Laurencia sp. 1(Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from Kyaikkhami and Setse coastal areas, Mon state
Authors: Kyaw Soe Pa Pa
Published: May 2021

Liberated tetraspores and carpospores of mature plants of Laurencia sp. 1 collected from Kyaikkhami (Lat. 16° 05′ N, Long. 97°34′E) and Setse (Lat. 15°52′ N, Long. 97° 8′ E) coastal areas had been cultured at temperature 25°C under 16L:8D photoperiod using PES medium in 20 ‰ salinity. The development of tetrasporelings in the laboratory cultures stopped after 30 days, whereas that of carposporelings stopped after 20 day. Both tetraspores and carpospores germinate into bipolar sporelings with erect shoot and colourless rhizoidal filaments in Laurencia sp. 1. Moreover, the germination pattern of tetraspores was similar with that of carpospores. However, the growth rate of carposporelings was slower than tetrasporelings. In the present study, the germling stages of both tetraspore and carpospore showed the Fucus type of the germination pattern. The developmental stages of tetraspore and carpospore germination of Laurencia sp. 1 were briefly described.
An evaluation of the efficacy of extracts from Xylopia aethiopica and Dennittia tripetala in controlling Dermestes maculatus(degeer) an insect pest of dry stored fish in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Ada Fidelis Bekeh , A Ugbe Lawrence , Marcel Agim
Published: May 2021

Laboratory bioassays were conducted in Obudu, Nigeria to evaluate the efficacy of extracts from X.aethiopica and D.tripetala in controlling D.maculatus a primary pest of dry stored fish in sub-saharan Africa. Adult population of D. maculatus was obtained in the laboratory at the Federal college of Education Obudu, to obtain fresh insects for the experimental work. Dried fruits of X.aethiopica (Dunal) and dried seeds of D.tripetala (Bak.f.) were procured from a local market in Obudu for the purpose of the work. 100g each of the spice plants were pounded separately using laboratory pestle and mortar for the extraction of essential oils (EOS). The essential oils extracted were tested for repellence and toxicity against D.maculatus at 10µl per EO in a 4-way Olfactometer. Minitab 15 statistical soft ware was used for the analysis of data. Results indicated that the essential oils (EOS) and their constituent individual compounds were significantly (p<0.05) repellent and toxic to D.maculatus with X.aethiopica more repellent and more toxic to the insect than D.tripelala. The two oils were also observed to inhibit the activities of microbes that usually cause and accelerate delaying in stored fish. This action of the essential oils of the two spice plants and their chemical constituent demonstrated their potentials for development in stored products protection, especially at the small scale resource poor farmer’s level in Nigeria.
Vegetative structure and zonal distribution of true mangroves in Shwe-Thaung-Yan coastal areas, Myanmar
Authors: Win Soe-
Published: May 2021

The survey was conducted in the mangrove forests around the Magyi and Utto Creeks at Shwe-Thaung-Yan coastal areas in Ayeyarwady Delta region, April 2018. Transect lines were laid as lower, middle and upper, and quadrate plots based on Point Center Quarter Method (PCQM) P-DATA PRO were used. A total of 15 species of true mangrove was recorded. Rhizophora apiculata and Bruguiera gymnorhiza are the most dominant and distributed species in the study area. Followed by Bruguiera sexangulata, Cerop tagal and Rhizophora mucronata then remaining species. Zonation pattern of mangroves species as lower, middle, upper was also examined in study areas. Among than 1 species in Near Threaten (NT), 1 species in Critically Endangered (CR), 1 species in Endangered (EN) and remaining species are Least Concern (LC) had been considered according with IUCN red list. The environmental parameters such as water salinity and temperature, soil salinity, soil temperature and soil pH of study area were also recorded.
Investigating interdependences between Blue Economy’ sectors: insights from a strategic management perspective
Authors: Giovanni Satta
Published: May 2021

This study paper aims to examine the main interdependencies and synergies between Blue Economy sectors and relatedly prominent business and economic actors. In particular, the research proposes emerging strategic management perspectives capable to better understand potential interdependences and synergies among BE sectors, also deepening the relevance of relationship established between main business actors populating these sectors. For this purpose, stakeholder relationship management, maritime spatial planning, and innovation ecosystem theories are suggested as the most fitting theoretical constructs to be applied. Grounding on a systematic academic literature review, insights from a grey review and anecdotal evidence emerging from a valuable business case focus on interdependences and synergies which may originate among Marine living resources, Marine Renewable Energy and Bioeconomy sectors. By stressing, the potential synergic interactions on which innovation ecosystems grounds on, this theoretical model is used for highlighting how parties involved in the ecosystem can support the introduction and diffusion of innovative processes, products and services in the Blue Economy domain, exploiting the aforementioned interdependences among BE sectors and actors, overcoming the technological issues that represent an obstacle to inter-sectorial upgrading and economic success. Research outcomes from the performed academic and grey literature review, jointly with evidence form the selected business case unveils that a strategic management perspective, which support the adoption of several managerial theories such innovation ecosystems, stakeholder relationships management and marine spatial planning allows a better understanding of the investigated phenomenon and favor the development of green and sustainable strategies pursued by prominent actors populating the BE industry and related sectors, thus supporting their license to operate when managing relationships with their main stakeholders.
Development of the fishing and commercialization of the blue crabs in Bizerta and Ghar EL Melh lagoons: A case study of promotion opportunities of blue growth in Tunisia
Authors: Mili Sami
Published: May 2021

The blue crab, a species of crustaceans which originally came from the Red Sea through the Suez Canal, appeared, for the first time, in Tunisian waters in the cities of Skhira (governorate of Sfax) and Ghannouch (governorate of Gabes), at the end of 2014. After a year, this species adapted to the environment and proliferated throughout the Gulf of Gabes, to subsequently appear in the Gulf of Hammamet in 2016.In 2018, this invasive species emerged in the lagoons of Bizerte and Ghar EL-Melh. Coastal fishermen operating in crab-colonized areas have reported many problems associated with the appearance of this species in fisheries, including degradation of fishing nets, alteration of other caught species, time spent in its disentanglement, and the drop in stocks of many fish species of high commercial value in the invaded areas. In view of these issues, the government has drawn up and funded a national plan to promote crab fishing, development and marketing in the Gulf of Gabes. Faced with the weakness of internal demand, the orientation towards the export of crab stands out as a pertinent alternative to explore. Our project aims to develop an action plan in order to enhance the marketing of the blue crab on a national and international scale in the northern region of Tunisia, precisely in the lagoons of Bizerte and Ghar El Melh. The creation of new jobs and the improvement of incomes for the vulnerable populations of the two communes of MenzelAbderrahmen and Ghar El Melh are the main expected results of this project.
Case report and essential pearls in early-onset trichotillomania
Authors: Tadeu Villa Ricardo
Published: May 2021

Early-onset trichotillomania is a challenging diagnosis, but some “clues” could make it easier. Here, besides a good response to the therapeutic approach, some diagnostic pearls are depicted.
Early cardiac change after menopause-an open level comparative study
Authors: Islam Md Shariful , Moon Moon TH Johora , Amanullah Masuma , Akhter Nasima , Moniruzzaman M , Kafi Khan Md Abdullah Hil
Published: May 2021

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide which is more prevalent in women after menopause. Hormonal changes associated with menopause are accountable for dyslipidemia pattern that causes CVD and associated complications. Therefore, the present study was commenced to compare the lipid profile in pre- and postmenopausal women. A total of 100 samples were collected from women, 50 from premenopausal and 50 from postmenopausal women, and analyzed for Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL-). TC, TG, HDL, and LDL were highly significantly increased in postmenopausal women when compared to premenopausal women. DL/HDL ratio was significantly elevated in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women. MI was significantly positively correlated with TC and TG in both pre- and postmenopausal population and it was positively correlated with HDL in the premenopausal population while negatively correlated in the postmenopausal population. Since more of the atherogenic lipid parameters are increased in postmenopausal women, they appear to be more prone to have CVD and associated complications in the near future. Hence, it is mandatory to monitor and manage dyslipidemia patterns in every woman experiencing menopause. To investigate whether menopause may induce left ventricular structural and functional adaptations in normotensive and hypertensive women, we compared in a case-control setting 50 untreated hypertensive premenopausal women with 50 postmenopausal women and 50 normotensive premenopausal women with 50 postmenopausal women. Subjects were individually physically examined & matched by age (38.2±5.9years to 50±1.03years), clinic systolic blood pressure (128.6±1.05mm Hg & 134±1.2mm Hg), clinic diastolic blood pressure (74.6±1.3mm Hg & 74.6±1.2mm Hg), and body mass index (55.3±8.8kg to 55.6±5.9kg) respectively. We conclude that menopause is associated with blunted day-night blood pressure reduction, impaired left the ventricular systolic performance, and concentric left ventricular geometric pattern. These findings are independent of the presence or absence of high blood pressure.
Comparison of prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and body mass index between infertile and fertile Saudi women
Authors: Javed Murid , Asiel Elnour Alyaa Abdulrahman , Sabah Elkhier Murwan Khalid , Omer Idris Ayman Salih , Mahmoud Salih Wala Mohamed , Al Sufyan Hamad
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study was to compare the levels of prolactin, FSH, LH, E2, TSH, FT4 and BMI between infertile Saudi women with high prolactin and fertile Saudi women with normal prolactin. The study individuals were divided into two groups; infertile Saudi women with high prolactin (Group 1) and fertile Saudi women with normal prolactin (Group 2). This study used the ARCHITECT i1000SR immunoassay analyzer for the assessment of all serum hormones. The prolactin in Group 1 was higher than in the Group 2. The FSH and LH values were similar in both groups. The TSH in Group 1 was higher than in the Group 2. The FT4 values were similar in both groups. The BMI in both groups was greater than 25 (all patients were in over weight category). In Group 1, 40% women were over weight and in Group 2, 39 % women were over weight. The rate of failed cycles in group 1 was higher than in Group 2, also cases of PCOS in Group 1 were more than in the Group 2. The rate of positive pregnancy in Group 1 is lower than in the Group 2. The results of this study demonstrated that increased levels of prolactin and TSH are among the causes of infertility in Saudi women.
TCT Connect 2020 Trial Update: FORECAST, COMBINE OCT-FFR and DEFINE-PCI
Authors: Cheng Kevin , de Silva Ranil
Published: May 2021

Recent studies reported at TCT Connect 2020 have investigated a number of open clinical questions regarding the role of coronary physiology and the assessment of plaque morphology for diagnosis (FORECAST), risk stratification (COMBINE OCT-FFR) and treatment evaluation (DEFINE-PCI) of patients with coronary artery disease. In this article, the authors provide a critical appraisal of these studies and evaluate how they add to the current evidence base for management of patients with epicardial coronary artery disease. Furthermore, they discuss their potential impact on clinical practice, limitations of these studies and unanswered clinical questions that are areas for future research.