bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gene expression profiling suggests differences in molecular mechanisms of fin elongation between cichlid species
Authors: Ahi Ehsan Pashay , Richter Florian , Lecaudey Laurène Alicia , Sefc Kristina M.
Published: June 2019

Comparative analyses of gene regulation inform about the molecular basis of phenotypic trait evolution. Here, we address a fin shape phenotype that evolved multiple times independently across teleost fish, including several species within the family Cichlidae. In a previous study, we proposed a gene regulatory network (GRN) involved in the formation and regeneration of conspicuous filamentous elongations adorning the unpaired fins of theNeolamprologus brichardi. Here, we tested the members of this network in the blockhead cichlid,Steatocranus casuarius, which displays conspicuously elongated dorsal and moderately elongated anal fins. Our study provided evidence for differences in the anatomy of fin elongation and suggested gene regulatory divergence between the two cichlid species. Only a subset of the 20 genes tested inS. casuariusshowed the qPCR expression patterns predicted from the GRN identified inN. brichardi, and several of the gene-by-gene expression correlations differed between the two cichlid species. In comparison toN. brichardi, gene expression patterns inS. casuariuswere in better (but not full) agreement with gene regulatory interactions inferred in zebrafish. WithinS. casuarius, the dorsoventral asymmetry in ornament expression was accompanied by differences in gene expression patterns, including potential regulatory differentiation, between the anal and dorsal fin.
Marker-trait associations and genomic predictions of interspecific pear (Pyrus) fruit characteristics
Authors: Kumar Satish , Kirk Chris , Deng Cecilia Hong , Shirtliff Angela , Wiedow Claudia , Qin Mengfan , Wu Jun , Brewer Lester
Published: June 2019

Interspecific pear (Pyrusspp.) hybrid populations are often used to develop novel cultivars. Pear cultivar breeding is a lengthy process because of long juvenility and the subsequent time required for reliable fruit phenotyping. Molecular techniques such as genome-wide association (GWA) and genomic selection (GS) provide an opportunity to fast-forward the development of high-value cultivars. We evaluated the genetic architecture of 10 pear fruit phenotypes (including sensory traits) and the potential of GS using genotyping-by-sequencing of 550 hybrid seedlings from nine interrelated full-sib families. Results from GWA suggested a complex polygenic nature of all 10 traits as the maximum variance explained by each marker was less than 4% of the phenotypic variance. The effect-size of SNPs for each trait suggested many genes of small effect and few of moderate effect. Some genomic regions associated with pear sensory traits were similar to those reported for apple – possibly a result of high synteny between the apple and pear genomes. The average (across nine families) GS accuracy varied from 0.32 (for crispness) to 0.62 (for sweetness), with an across-trait average of 0.42. Further efforts are needed to develop larger genotype-phenotype datasets in order to predict fruit phenotypes of untested seedlings with sufficient efficiency.
Cotton plant defence against a fungal pathogen is enhanced by expanding BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 expression beyond lateral-organ boundaries
Authors: Zhang Zhennan , Wang Peng , Luo Xiaoli , Yang Chunlin , Tang Ye , Wang Zhian , Hu Guang , Ge Xiaoyang , Xia Guixian , Wu Jiahe
Published: June 2019

In the plant response to pathogen infection, many genes’ expression is temporally induced, while few spatially induced expression genes have been reported. Here, we show that GhBOP1 can autonomously expand expression from restrained tissue when Gossypium hirsutum plants are attacked by Verticillium dahliae, which is considered to be spatially induced expression. Loss- and gain-of-function analyses show that GhBOP1 is a positive regulator in the modulation of plant resistance to V. dahliae. Yeast two-hybrid assays, luciferase complementation imaging and GUS reporting show that GhBOP1 interaction with GhTGA3 promotes its activation activity, regulating the expression of down-stream defence-related genes. Moreover, the induced spatial expression of GhBOP1 is accompanied by GhBP1 repression. Both antagonistically regulate the lignin biosynthesis, conferring cotton plants enhanced resistance to V. dahliae. Taken together, these results demonstrate that GhBOP1 is an economic positive regulator participating in plant defence through both the GhBOP1-GhTGA3 module and lignin accumulation.
Ancient duplications and grass-specific transposition influenced the evolution of LEAFY transcription factor genes
Authors: Gao Bei , Chen Moxian , Li Xiaoshuang , Zhang Jianhua
Published: June 2019

The LFY transcription factor gene family are important in the promotion of cell proliferation and floral development. Understanding their evolution offers an insight into floral development in plant evolution. Though a promiscuous transition intermediate and a gene duplication event within the LFY family had been identified previously, the early evolutionary path of this family remained elusive. Here, we reconstructed the LFY family phylogeny using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference methods incorporating LFY genes from all major lineages of streptophytes. The well-resolved phylogeny unveiled a high-confidence duplication event before the functional divergence of types I and II LFY genes in the ancestry of liverworts, mosses and tracheophytes, supporting sub-functionalization of an ancestral promiscuous gene. The identification of promiscuous genes in Osmunda suggested promiscuous LFY genes experienced an ancient transient duplication. Genomic synteny comparisons demonstrated a deep genomic positional conservation of LFY genes and an ancestral lineage-specific transposition activity in grasses.
GABA in the suprachiasmatic nucleus refines circadian output rhythms in mice
Authors: Ono Daisuke , Honma Ken-ichi , Yanagawa Yuchio , Yamanaka Akihiro , Honma Sato
Published: June 2019

In mammals, the circadian rhythms are regulated by the central clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which is composed of heterogeneous neurons with various neurotransmitters. Among them an inhibitory neurotransmitter, γ-Amino-Butyric-Acid (GABA), is expressed in almost all SCN neurons, however, its role in the circadian physiology is still unclear. Here, we show that the SCN of fetal mice lacking vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT−/−) or GABA synthesizing enzyme, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65−/−/67−/−), shows burst firings associated with large Ca2+ spikes throughout 24 hours, which spread over the entire SCN slice in synchrony. By contrast, circadian PER2 rhythms in VGAT−/− and GAD65−/−/67−/− SCN remain intact. SCN-specific VGAT deletion in adult mice dampens circadian behavior rhythm. These findings indicate that GABA in the fetal SCN is necessary for refinement of the circadian firing rhythm and, possibly, for stabilizing the output signals, but not for circadian integration of multiple cellular oscillations.
Preparation of monolayer HSr2Nb3O10nanosheets for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Yang Yuying , Xiong Jinhua , Song Yujie , Zou Junhua , Wu Ling
Published: June 2019

Monolayer HSr2Nb3O10nanosheets modified with highly dispersed Pt clusters were preparedvia in situgrowth to promote an excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity.
Aminophenyl-substituted cobalt(iii) corrole: a bifunctional electrocatalyst for the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions
Authors: Kumar Amit , S Sujesh , Varshney Prachi , Paul Amit , Jeyaraman Sankar
Published: June 2019

Herein, a bifunctional A2B-type cobalt(iii) corrole having electron withdrawingmeso-pentafluorophenyl and basicmeso-p-aminophenyl substituents is reported, which exhibits excellent catalytic activity towards both the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions.
Ferroelectricity-free lead halide perovskites
Authors: Gómez Andrés , Wang Qiong , Goñi Alejandro R. , Campoy-Quiles Mariano , Abate Antonio
Published: June 2019

We employ direct piezoelectric force microscopy to examine the ferroelectric response of halide perovskites and prove that halide perovskites are ferroelectricity free.
Role of location, season, occupant activity, and chemistry in indoor ozone and nitrogen oxide mixing ratios
Authors: Zhou Shan , Young Cora J. , VandenBoer Trevor C. , Kahan Tara F.
Published: June 2019

Indoor field studies and in situ chamber experiments illustrate the interdependence of oxidants and oxidant precursors in residences.
A surface-layer protein from Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM induces autophagic death in HCT116 cells requiring ROS-mediated modulation of mTOR and JNK signaling pathways
Authors: Wang Huifang , Cheng Xian , Zhang Li , Xu Shichen , Zhang Qiuxiang , Lu Rongrong
Published: June 2019

The schematic diagram of Slp-induced autophagic death in HCT116 cells is presented.
Limitations of a polymer-based hole transporting layer for application in planar inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Petrović Miloš , Maksudov Temur , Panagiotopoulos Apostolos , Serpetzoglou Efthymis , Konidakis Ioannis , Stylianakis Minas M. , Stratakis Emmanuel , Kymakis Emmanuel
Published: June 2019

Operational stability and structural integrity of a poly(triarylamine) hole transporter and methylammonium lead halide absorber are investigated upon exposure to UV stress.
Mussel-inspired cryogels for promoting wound regeneration through photobiostimulation, modulating inflammatory responses and suppressing bacterial invasion
Authors: Han Lu , Li Pengfei , Tang Pengfei , Wang Xiao , Zhou Ting , Wang Kefeng , Ren Fuzeng , Guo Tailin , Lu Xiong
Published: June 2019

A mussel-inspired cryogel functionalized with near-infrared light-responsive polydopamine nanoparticles is developed for accelerating wound healing.
Silver fractal dendrites for highly sensitive and transparent polymer thermistors
Authors: Kim Jongyoun , Lee Donghwa , Park Kyutae , Goh Hyeonjin , Lee Youngu
Published: June 2019

A highly sensitive and transparent polymer thermistor has been successfully demonstrated using silver fractal dendrites for effective temperature measurement.
One-pot synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones with CO2 as a C1 synthon promoted by hypoiodite
Authors: Yang Na , Yuan Gaoqing
Published: June 2019

A convenient and efficient route has been developed to synthesize 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones from CO2, hydrazines and aryl or aliphatic aldehydes.
Regio- and stereoselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction: access to isoxazole-dispirobisoxindoles featuring three contiguous stereocenters
Authors: Chen Shuang , Wang Guan-Lian , Xu Sheng-Wen , Tian Min-Yi , Zhang Min , Liu Xiong-Li , Yuan Wei-Cheng
Published: June 2019

A novel methodology toward the diversity-oriented asymmetric construction of densely functionalized isoxazole-dispirobisoxindoles was developed.
Exploring the ring-opening reactions of imidazo[1,5-a]quinolines for the synthesis of imides under photochemical conditions
Authors: Peng Ya , Feng Cheng-Tao , Li Yu-Qing , Chen Feng-Xiang , Xu Kun
Published: June 2019

The photoredox ring-opening of imidazoquinolines was developed for the first time, which provides a direct route to imides.
Dual stimuli-responsive copolymers with precisely arranged degradable units: synthesis by controlled alternating copolymerization of oxyethylene-containing vinyl ethers and conjugated aldehydes
Authors: Matsumoto Suzuka , Kanazawa Arihiro , Kanaoka Shokyoku , Aoshima Sadahito
Published: June 2019

Thermoresponsive polymers with precisely arranged degradable units were synthesized via controlled cationic copolymerization of oxyethylene-containing vinyl ethers and conjugated aldehydes.
Solvent-free incorporation of CO2 into 2-oxazolidinones: a review
Authors: Arshadi Sattar , Banaei Alireza , Ebrahimiasl Saeideh , Monfared Aazam , Vessally Esmail
Published: June 2019

This review is an overview on the recent advances in the synthesis of 2-oxazolidinones through CO2 fixation reactions under solvent-free conditions.
Tetracycline hydrochloride loaded citric acid functionalized chitosan hydrogel for wound healing
Authors: Chen Hao , Li Biyun , Feng Bei , Wang Hao , Yuan Huihua , Xu Zhiwei
Published: June 2019

Citric modified chitosan (CC) hydrogel containing antibacterial drug for wound healing applications.
Effects of Mo alloying on stability and diffusion of hydrogen in the Nb16H phase: a first-principles investigation
Authors: Wang Dianhui , Wu Yang , Wan Zhenzhen , Wang Feng , Wang Zhongmin , Hu Chaohao , Wang Xiaotian , Zhou Huaiying
Published: June 2019

First-principles calculations and climbing-image nudged elastic band method were used to investigate the effects of Mo alloying on the structural stability, mechanical properties, and hydrogen-diffusion behavior of Nb.
Observation of osmotically driven, highly controllable and reconfigurable oil/water phase separation
Authors: Gao Ning , Cui Jiecheng , Zhang Wanlin , Feng Kai , Liang Yun , Wang Shiqiang , Wang Peng , Zhou Kang , Li Guangtao
Published: June 2019

Osmotically driven, highly controllable and reconfigurable water–oil phase separation was achieved for the first time using ionic liquid systems.
Rhodium catalyzed template-assisted distal para-C–H olefination
Authors: Dutta Uttam , Maiti Sudip , Pimparkar Sandeep , Maiti Siddhartha , Gahan Lawrence R. , Krenske Elizabeth H. , Lupton David W. , Maiti Debabrata
Published: June 2019

We report first example of template assisted rhodium catalyzed para-C–H alkenylation.
Aza-proline effectively mimics l-proline stereochemistry in triple helical collagen
Authors: Kasznel Alexander J. , Harris Trevor , Porter Nicholas J. , Zhang Yitao , Chenoweth David M.
Published: June 2019

Chenoweth and co-workers provide an atomic resolution crystal structure and computational analysis illustrating that aza-proline mimics l-proline stereochemistry in collagen.
Pseudo-capacitive behavior induced dual-ion hybrid deionization system based on Ag@rGO‖Na1.1V3O7.9@rGO
Authors: Yue Zhishuai , Ma Yulong , Zhang Jiawei , Li Haibo
Published: June 2019

A novel dual-ion hybrid CDI (Di-HCDI) system is proposed, demonstrating advances over most current CDIs.
A CoMoO4–Co2Mo3O8 heterostructure with valence-rich molybdenum for a high-performance hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline solution
Authors: Liu Zheng , Zhan Changhong , Peng Linkai , Cao Yang , Chen Yong , Ding Shujiang , Xiao Chunhui , Lai Xiaoyong , Li Jianwei , Wei Songrui , Wang Jieqiong , Tu Jinchun
Published: June 2019

The heterostructure CoMoO4–Co2Mo3O8 was prepared by a two-step method, including hydrothermal synthesis of CoMoO4 nanowire and subsequent hydrogen reduction treatment of CoMoO4. Due to hierarchical nanostructures of CoMoO4–Co2Mo3O8 facilitated intrinsic activity and conductivity, the outstanding performance for HER, surpassing most cobalt–molybdenum bimetal oxide.
Origins of boron catalysis in peroxymonosulfate activation and advanced oxidation
Authors: Duan Xiaoguang , Li Wenlang , Ao Zhimin , Kang Jian , Tian Wenjie , Zhang Huayang , Ho Shih-Hsin , Sun Hongqi , Wang Shaobin
Published: June 2019

Amorphous boron is employed as a novel and high-performance metal-free catalyst for activation of peroxymonosulfate for degrading various organic contaminants in water.
Embedding of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles into membranes of well-defined poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoscale magnetovesicles as ultrasensitive MRI probes of membrane bio-degradation
Authors: Hannecart Adeline , Stanicki Dimitri , Vander Elst Luce , Muller Robert N. , Brûlet Annie , Sandre Olivier , Schatz Christophe , Lecommandoux Sébastien , Laurent Sophie
Published: June 2019

The present study reports the preparation of PEO-b-PCL polymer vesicles via a nanoprecipitation method and the loading of hydrophobically coated USPIO into the membrane of these nanovesicles, whose thickness was measured precisely by SANS.
Tuning the supramolecular chirality and optoelectronic performance of chiral perylene diimide nanowires via N-substituted side chain engineering
Authors: Shang Xiaobo , Song Inho , Lee Jeong Hyeon , Han Myeonggeun , Kim Jin Chul , Ohtsu Hiroyoshi , Ahn Jaeyong , Kwak Sang Kyu , Oh Joon Hak
Published: June 2019

An efficient method using N-substituted side chain engineering is demonstrated for tuning the supramolecular chirality and optoelectronics of perylene diimides.
Modal analysis for selection of DFIG‐based wind farms for damping and reduction of the risk of SSR
Authors: Shah Nilay N. , Joshi Sanjay R.
Published: June 2019

The rapid growth of non‐conventional energy sources makes it important to identify the sub‐synchronous oscillation‐damping capacity of generating systems such as doubly fed induction‐generator‐based (DFIG) wind farms under the IEEE‐first benchmark model (FBM). In this study, a system, in which the FBM is augmented to include DFIG generation was evaluated at various compensation levels, wind speeds, and DFIG ratings. On the basis of this analysis, the authors propose a basis for the selection of an accurate configuration of wind farms penetration at a given compensation for damping and reducing the risk of sub‐synchronous resonance (SSR) in the FBM‐DFIG augmented system. It is also demonstrated that, with a suitable DFIG rating, carefully choosing the gains of the DFIG inbuilt converter controllers and an acceptable distance of connected short transmission line between the DFIG and the synchronous generator can suppress induced SSR at 60% compensation, eliminating the need for a damping controller. To obtain higher ranges of compensation level, a corresponding DFIG wind farm asset is suggested for reducing the risk of SSR. The proposed model was validated using eigenvalue analysis, calculation of the participation factor, and time‐domain simulation.
Multiphase quasar-driven outflows in PG 1114+445
Authors: Serafinelli Roberto , Tombesi Francesco , Vagnetti Fausto , Piconcelli Enrico , Gaspari Massimo , Saturni Francesco G.
Published: June 2019

Substantial evidence in the last few decades suggests that outflows from supermassive black holes (SMBH) may play a significant role in the evolution of galaxies. These outflows, powered by active galactic nuclei (AGN), are thought to be the fundamental mechanism by which the SMBH transfers a significant fraction of its accretion energy to the surrounding environment. Large-scale outflows known as warm absorbers (WA) and fast disk winds known as ultra-fast outflows (UFO) are commonly found in the spectra of many Seyfert galaxies and quasars, and a correlation has been suggested between them. Recent detections of low ionization and low column density outflows, but with a high velocity comparable to UFOs, challenge such initial possible correlations. Observations of UFOs in AGN indicate that their energetics may be enough to have an impact on the interstellar medium (ISM). However, observational evidence of the interaction between the inner high-ionization outflow and the ISM is still missing. We present here the spectral analysis of 12 XMM-Newton/EPIC archival observations of the quasar PG 1114+445, aimed at studying the complex outflowing nature of its absorbers. Our analysis revealed the presence of three absorbing structures. We find a WA with velocity v ∼ 530 km s−1, ionization log ξ/erg cm s−1 ∼ 0.35, and column density log NH/cm−2 ∼ 22, and a UFO with vout ∼ 0.145c, log ξ/erg cm s−1 ∼ 4, and log NH/cm−2 ∼ 23. We also find an additional absorber in the soft X-rays (E <  2 keV) with velocity comparable to that of the UFO (vout ∼ 0.120c), but ionization (log ξ/erg cm s−1 ∼ 0.5) and column density (log NH/cm−2 ∼ 21.5) comparable with those of the WA. The ionization, velocity, and variability of the three absorbers indicate an origin in a multiphase and multiscale outflow, consistent with entrainment of the clumpy ISM by an inner UFO moving at ∼15% the speed of light, producing an entrained ultra-fast outflow (E-UFO).
Atmospheric characterization of the ultra-hot Jupiter MASCARA-2b/KELT-20b
Authors: Casasayas-Barris N. , Pallé E. , Yan F. , Chen G. , Kohl S. , Stangret M. , Parviainen H. , Helling Ch. , Watanabe N. , Czesla S. , Fukui A. , Montañés-Rodríguez P. , Nagel E. , Narita N. , Nortmann L. , Nowak G. , Schmitt J. H. M. M. , Zapatero Osorio M. R.
Published: June 2019

Ultra-hot Jupiters orbit very close to their host star and consequently receive strong irradiation, causing their atmospheric chemistry to be different from the common gas giants. Here, we have studied the atmosphere of one of these particular hot planets, MASCARA-2b/KELT-20b, using four transit observations with high resolution spectroscopy facilities. Three of these observations were performed with HARPS-N and one with CARMENES. Additionally, we simultaneously observed one of the transits with MuSCAT2 to monitor possible spots in the stellar surface. At high resolution, the transmission residuals show the effects of Rossiter-McLaughlin and centre-to-limb variations from the stellar lines profiles, which we have corrected to finally extract the transmission spectra of the planet. We clearly observe the absorption features of CaII, FeII, NaI, Hα, and Hβ in the atmosphere of MASCARA-2b, and indications of Hγ and MgI at low signal-to-noise ratio. In the case of NaI, the true absorption is difficult to disentangle from the strong telluric and interstellar contamination. The results obtained with CARMENES and HARPS-N are consistent, measuring an Hα absorption depth of 0.68 ± 0.05 and 0.59 ± 0.07%, and NaI absorption of 0.11 ± 0.04 and 0.09 ± 0.05% for a 0.75 Å passband, in the two instruments respectively. The Hα absorption corresponds to ~1.2 Rp, which implies an expanded atmosphere, as a result of the gas heating caused by the irradiation received from the host star. For Hβ and Hγ only HARPS-N covers this wavelength range, measuring an absorption depth of 0.28 ± 0.06 and 0.21 ± 0.07%, respectively. For CaII, only CARMENES covers this wavelength range measuring an absorption depth of 0.28 ± 0.05, 0.41 ± 0.05 and 0.27 ± 0.06% for CaII λ8498Å, λ8542Å and λ8662Å lines, respectively. Three additional absorption lines of FeII are observed in the transmission spectrum by HARPS-N (partially covered by CARMENES), measuring an average absorption depth of 0.08 ± 0.04% (0.75 Å passband). The results presented here are consistent with theoretical models of ultra-hot Jupiters atmospheres, suggesting the emergence of an ionised gas on the day-side of such planets. Calcium and iron, together with other elements, are expected to be singly ionised at these temperatures and be more numerous than its neutral state. The Calcium triplet lines are detected here for the first time in transmission in an exoplanet atmosphere.
Hot prominence spicules launched from turbulent cool solar prominences
Authors: Chitta L. P. , Peter H. , Li L.
Published: June 2019

A solar filament is a dense cool condensation that is supported and thermally insulated by magnetic fields in the rarefied hot corona. Its evolution and stability, leading to either an eruption or disappearance, depend on its coupling with the surrounding hot corona through a thin transition region, where the temperature steeply rises. However, the heating and dynamics of this transition region remain elusive. We report extreme-ultraviolet observations of quiescent filaments from the Solar Dynamics Observatory that reveal prominence spicules propagating through the transition region of the filament-corona system. These thin needle-like jet features are generated and heated to at least 0.7 MK by turbulent motions of the material in the filament. We suggest that the prominence spicules continuously channel the heated mass into the corona and aid in the filament evaporation and decay. Our results shed light on the turbulence-driven heating in magnetized condensations that are commonly observed on the Sun and in the interstellar medium.
Simulation of thermodynamic systems with a thermoelectric converter based on the Peltier element for energy efficient management
Authors: Lukyanov Alexander , Donskoy Danila , Bykador Vitaly , Chuveyko Mikhail , Kasyanenko Elena
Published: June 2019

This article deals with the problem of dynamic control of thermodynamic systems based on the Peltier element. The existing methods of relay and PWM control of this object are ineffective and subject the thermoelectric converter to gradual degradation due to transients during switching off and on of the element [1]. The model of a continuous regulator we have created will allow changing the characteristics of the system to determine its behavior for various environmental input parameters. And the use of systems based on continuous control will increase the energy efficiency of the thermoelectric converter and will increase its service life.
Increase in energy efficiency of a system a car wheel - a paving
Authors: Gorin Stanislav , Vyalov Sergey , Kharlamov Pavel , Meleshko Oleg , Nosachev Sergey
Published: June 2019

One of the negative effects arising in the course of operation of a vehicle wheel is out-of-balance condition. Disbalance of a car wheel can be caused by various reasons, including change in geometrical form of the rim, violation of norms of operation, non-optimal position of the tire in relation to the rim. Change of geometry is caused by operation of the rim, casual reasons, as well as influence of external conditions of work and rim storage. Latent faults, construction overload, etc. belong to casual reasons. Results of the experiments fulfilled show that in most cases violation of the geometrical form of a rim, which sometimes cannot be defined by eye is the reason of increase in disbalance of a wheel. A stand for control of geometry of rim and a device allowing to perform "optimization" of car wheels on the basis of mathematical model of process of optimization of tire position in relation to the rim in the conditions of dynamic balancing of wheels have been developed.
Cellulose crushing: the experiment in the electromechanical transformer with a discrete secondary part
Authors: Lukyanov Alexander , Onoiko Tatyana
Published: June 2019

The electromechanical transformer with a discrete secondary part is developed. Researches on determination of duration of processing of suspension of cellulose on properties of cellulose fibers are conducted.
An energy saving method of stable control of inverted pendulum system when affected by external interference using auxiliary pendulum
Authors: Nguyen Chiem , Phan Hai , Nguyen Hung
Published: June 2019

This research aims to develop a method to reduce energy consumption when controlling an inverted pendulum system that is affected by external interference. In this paper, the authors use the quasi time-optimal control law and add on an inverted pendulum an auxiliary pendulum to absorb the energy of the external interference effects, to reduce the cost of controlling the energy stable inverted pendulum while ensuring system quality. The quality of the method is demonstrated through simulation results. The effectiveness of this method is shown by comparison with the method of no damping.
Control of longitudinal flight dynamics of a fixedwing UAV using LQR, LQG and nonlinear control
Authors: Ingabire Aline , Sklyarov Andrey A.
Published: June 2019

This paper aim is to present a comparative study between Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) and nonlinear controllers for pitch control of a fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Due to a good stability margin and strong robustness LQR has been selected. LQG was chosen because is able to overcome external disturbances. Kalman Filter controller was also introduced to the fixed-wing UAV flight control. Further, we designed an autopilot that controls the pitch angle of the fixed-wing UAV. In the end, the control laws are simulated in Matlab/Simulink. The results obtained are compared to see which method is faster, more reliable and more robust.
Using characteristics of the residuals as an assessment of the effectiveness of processing the results of measurements
Authors: Marchuk Vladimir , Minaev Alexander , Shrafel Igor
Published: June 2019

The article considers an analytical assessment of the use of characteristics of residuals for evaluating the efficiency of processing measurement results. The proved is provided that the method of reproduction of estimates is highly effective in processing the measurement results.
Television analyzer of aerosol particles images
Authors: Semenov Vladimir , Hanzhonkov Yurij , Astsaturov Yurij , Shvets Victoria
Published: June 2019

In the paper an aerosol image analyzer is described, which allows to obtain in three projections the main geometric and optical parameters of the aerosol particles. It is necessary for the calibration of simple optical-electronic sensors. We describe a recognition algorithm that allows real-time obtaining of data on the shape, size, and color of studying aerosols.
Effect of Near-Wave Field Mining Tremors on the Rock Bolt Support Behaviour within Stress Domain
Authors: Pytel Witold , Fuławka Krzysztof , Mertuszka Piotr
Published: June 2019

One of the most serious hazard in the underground copper mining in Poland is the roof fall hazard. The scale and intensity of this type of events depends on several factors. Due to seismic activity, weaker roof strata can loosen and deform, generating additional load on the rock bolt support. The type of load depends strictly on the course of stratum deformation as well as on the intensity of the dynamic effect in the form of a seismic wave. Continuous monitoring is then necessary to determine the risk level of stability loss within existing excavations in order to minimize the probability of serious accidents. The following study analyses the impact of tremors recorded within the near-wave field upon the stress change in the instrumented rock bolts.
The Rationale for the Use of Modified Bitumen Coated Overburden Rocks for Haul Roads of Coal Mines
Authors: Ivanov Sergey , Martel Nikita
Published: June 2019

Kuzbass is a leader in the field of mining of coal as one of the main materials for industry and civilian use. Its production rate its is constantly increasing, which can not but affect the problem of using secondary material (in particular, rocks that are not used in further construction) that is produced during coal mining. Overburden rocks are often stored in dumps or they are used for filling coal mine roads, although this is the problem. In terms of their physical and chemical composition, the overburden rocks are of low strength, so there is a problem of strengthening this type of material, the solution of which can be found in the processing of rocks used for further construction with modified bitumen. The analysis of the effect of the adhesion ability of construction bitumen and crumb rubber modified bitumen produced according to the technology of stage addition of rubber crumb to bitumen (bitumen modified with crumb rubber by stages) is described in the article. Examples of the adhesion of construction bitumen and bitumen modified with crumb rubber by stages to various rocks are given. The characteristics of the adhesion ability of bitumen modified with crumb rubber by stages are substantiated.
On Influence of the Earth’s Surface Relief on the Volumes of Overburden at Coal Open Pit Mining with Land-Saving Dumping
Authors: Kurehin Eugeny , Hellmer Mark
Published: June 2019

Opencast mining of coal deposits is a priority in Russia, while providing coal to the domestic and foreign markets. Despite reasonable concerns about air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, coal use will continue to be significant in the future. Consequently, it is necessary to introduce less polluting and more efficient technologies in the industry in the coming decades. Coal deposits are being developed by the open method with a limited deposit length. An indicator for estimating volumes is proposed -the ratio of sediment fraction in a quarry. The dependence of the sediment fraction in the quarry on the pit depth, thickness and angle of incidence of the formation of coal seams (with an oblique and steep fall) is established. Recommendations on the use of land-saving dumping for the open-cast mining of coal deposits have been developed. The structure of complex mechanization on dumping is proposed depending on the properties of rocks (soft or bedrock) and types of transport.
Use of Slag Concrete in Construction of Underground Structures and Mines
Authors: Gilyazidinova Natalya , Shabanov Evgeniy , Liu Xuesheng
Published: June 2019

The paper considers the possibility of using slag concrete in underground construction. Technological parameters for production of slag concrete with the set properties are defined. The influence of the composition of slag concrete used in the conditions of mine construction on the change of physical and mechanical characteristics, durability and stability is determined. The limits of technological parameters of slag concrete preparation are established. The possibilities of combined use of blast-furnace slags and clinkers for concrete in mine construction are substantiated. The chemical composition of blast furnace slag and the possibility of its application in the composition of concrete is described, the interaction of an aggregate - Portland cement with blast furnace slag is studied. The technique for conducting experiments to determine the rate of strength gain of different types of concrete is described. The rate of strength gains of heavy concrete and the rate of strength gain of slag concrete with additives and without additives have been compared. The possibility of application of this slag concrete in the process of concreting with the use of sliding formwork has been studied.
On Modelling the Reliability of Concrete Support for Underground Construction Considering the Impact of Chemical Erosion
Authors: Golovin Konstantin , Kovalev Roman , Kopylov Andrey
Published: June 2019

Ensuring the reliability of support in mine workings has always been one of the most important scientific and technical problems in mining. To ensure the normal operation of underground structures, it is necessary to apply special measures to maintain the support, providing increased stability of rock array. To one of the most important measures is to maintain the reliability of the supports in underground workings and objects of underground construction. The main method of research in this area is the modeling of the reliability of concrete support, as applied to various exogenous and endogenous factors of disturbance. The article provides theoretical provisions of research in physico-chemical processes of corrosion in reinforced concrete for modelling the reliability of structural elements of supports for underground construction objects.
Technological Indicators of Direct Dumping Zone as a Part of Combined Mining Method
Authors: Sysoev Andrey , Zlobina Elena , Katanov Igor , Kretschmann Jurgen
Published: June 2019

Under the conditions of a combined mining system overburden is developed using a transport and non-transport technologies, specific costs for non-transport technology are lower than transport costs. The change in the non-transport bench height led to the redistribution of the volumes of transport and non-transport overburden. With an increase in the volume of non-transport overburden, the share of more expensive transport overburden is decreases, while the technical and economic indicators of the non-transport zone deteriorate due to an increase in re-excavation volumes. The change in the non-transport bench height affects the recasting ratio and the annual advance coal face line, which determine the cost of developing the overburden. This article presents the results of a study of the laws of change in the recasting ratio and the annual advance coal face line, depending on the non-transport bench height within a combined mining system of flat seam. The obtained patterns were established as a result of solving problems of substantiating typical excavation schemes of the direct dumping method and developing a mathematical model for identifying excavation schemes with the subsequent calculation of their technological indicators.
New Innovating Processes of Rock Disintegration
Authors: Wittenberger Gabriel , Škvareková Erika , Ocilka Martin
Published: June 2019

Over the past years, deep drilling technology developed quickly. New technologies better quality of drilling work and accelerated the drilling process. At present, 20-25% are new techniques while 75-80% drilling methods used worldwide are traditional. Slovakia is quite at the rear of this tendency: our utilization ration shows 95-98% traditional drilling methods, in comparison to only 2-5% new ones. Advancement of new deep well boring technologies causes the evolution of new types of drilling sets for deep drilling (depending on applied techniques). Techniques used have a mechanical and physical impact for drilling of rock. Several tests and analyses of disintegration and drilling methods were performed over the last years. The article focuses on a description of the working principle and utilization possibilities.
Time Dependencies Between Tectonic Activity of Świebodzice Depression (SW Poland) and Seismic Activity in Poland and Czech Mining Regions
Authors: Kaczorowski Marek , Kasza Damian , Zdunek Ryszard , Rudnicki Marcin , Wronowski Roman
Published: June 2019

Since the 1970-ties, large azimuth changes in the equilibrium of quartz horizontal pendulums have been irregularly registered in the Geodynamic Laboratory in Książ. However, azimuth changes of the pendulums did not correlate with meteorological phenomena and the compensation phases of these changes excluded processes of gravitational creep of the rock massif. It was assumed that changes of these azimuths result from tectonic tilt of the rock massif. These were the first observations of contemporary tectonic activity in the Świebodzice Depression (SW Poland). Multiannual observations have allowed for determining temporal and amplitude characteristics of such tectonic activity. Intervals of tectonic activity last from several days to two weeks and are separated by periods of low activity or even no activity. During tectonic events, amplitudes of rock massif deformation reach values of several tens of tidal amplitudes. The distinguished characteristics of tectonic effects and their incidental character have been confirmed by water-tube tiltmeters (WT) activated in the Geodynamic Laboratory in the early 2000s. Unique conditions of the rock massif cause that the WTs, in connection with blocks of the rock massif separated by faults, are natural detectors of tectonic activity, allowing to determine the function of tectonic activity and its derivatives in the surrounding areas.
Possibilities of Using Brownfields After Mining and Processing of Mineral Resources in Slovakia
Authors: Šimková Zuzana , Seňová Andrea , Divoková Adriana , Očenášová Michaela , Varga Peter
Published: June 2019

The article deals with possibilities of brownfields using after mining and processing of mineral resources in the Slovak Republic, which represent not enough used or unused land, including administrative buildings or mechanical engineering objects. These types of brownfields are often accompanied by environmental burdens in various forms and levels of contamination of individual environmental components. Brownfields, whose degree of degradation and contamination is directly determined by the way of mining and processing of mineral resources, represent the so-called brown investments, which do not benefit the region where the brownfields are currently located. The article points to the current state of existence of environmental burdens as a result of mining and processing of mineral resources, which is also considered negative determinants of their occurrence. Based on the prioritization of negative and positive determinants of the possible use of brownfields after mining and processing of mineral resources, it concludes with a categorization of their possible further use.
Model of Supplying Equipment System Based on the Assessment of the Residual Resource of Mining Drilling Rigs Components
Authors: Abu-Abed Fares
Published: June 2019

The structure of the rig includes many complex mechanisms -their wear, and the value of the residual life depending on it, directly depend on the operating conditions of the rig. In compliance with all the norms and technical conditions of drilling and the absence of abnormal situations in its process, all components must develop their resource, defined by technical conditions, after which they need to be replaced. When various types of complications and abnormal situations occur in the drilling process, the load on the drilling machinery mechanisms can increase dramatically, which does not necessarily lead to the drill failure, but it affects the residual life of those mechanisms and components, the loads that exceed the standard values. With subsequent occurrences of similar situations in the drilling process, this may lead to failure of the drill. The article presents the rationale for choosing a simulation model for organizing a system for supplying drilling rigs with spare parts and accessories based on the theory of queuing systems. The work is an integral part of previously published developments presented in the materials of articles in 2-nd and 3-rd International innovative mining symposiums (2017-2018).
Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Choice Geokhods Cutting Head
Authors: Khoreshok Alexei , Ananyev Kirill , Ermakov Aleksandr , Golikova Elena
Published: June 2019

The article deals with the choice of cutterheads for Geokhod in the early development stages. Early development stages are characterized by the lack of quantitative characteristics, such as cutting forces, weight, feed forces, etc. In this case, the choice is made on the accordance of the cutterheads with the requirements for them. Under such conditions were determined the most appropriate method of multi-criteria analysis for the choice of the cutterheads – “ELECTRE III”. The results of the use of this method are established the most fully meet the requirements cutter heads: a rotary, drum, and head with fixed heads.
Case Analysis of Damages to Control Hydraulics of the Leg in the Powered Roof Support Section
Authors: Świątek Janina , Stoiński Kazimierz
Published: June 2019

The article discusses a case of security hazard in a longwall equipped with a properly selected chock shield support with two legs, technically efficient, introduced to the market and for operation in compliance with the requirements covering Polish hard coal mining. As a cause of the hazard an accidental coincidence was indicated, such as the occurrence of a tremor at an area with unfavourable geometry for the operation of the support section and leg (including the shift of the double-telescopic leg from the 1st to the 2nd hydraulic stage) at the time of the mining process. Immediate safety measures were applied successfully. They were aimed at minimizing the conditions dangerous to the crew. The section was withdrawn and spragged again. As a result, the leg operated in full extension mode of the 1st hydraulic stage, obtaining the required strength and geometry of the section and leg. The presented case study will be additionally supplemented in the future with selected analytical and bench tests.
Sensing of Dynamic Loads in the Open-Cast Mine Combine
Authors: Kouziyev Dilshad , Krivenko Aleksandr , Chezganova Daria , Valeriy Blumensteiun
Published: June 2019

The open-cast mine combine’s system was analyzed in order to determine the system’s dynamic characteristics and behavior. The analysis has established that rigidity of the working element’s transmission of the open-cast mine combine is a function of torsional stiffness of the “pump – to -hydraulic motor” hydraulic transmission.
Prospects for the Use of Liquefied Natural Gas as a Motor Fuel for Haul Trucks
Authors: Dubov Georgiy , Trukhmanov Dmitriy , Kuznetsov Iliya , Nokhrin Sergey , Sergel Aleksey
Published: June 2019

The state-of-the-art of efficiency and relevance of the use of liquefied natural gas as a motor fuel for truck operation is considered. A brief analysis of economic and environmental benefits of using liquefied natural gas as a motor fuel is conducted. It is noted that liquefied natural gas seems to be the most promising alternative to oil fuels for high-payload-capacity haul trucks. It is affirmed that for the first time in Russia, in Kuzbass, OOO “Siber-Energo” successfully implemented an integrated project for the production of liquefied natural gas and its consumption in relation to high-payload-capacity BelAZ haul trucks. The data on the assessment of the energy intensity of the process of rock mass hauling by high-payload-capacity BelAZ 75131 haul trucks equipped with on-board cryogenic fuel system are presented. The data show that the energy intensity of the process of rock mass hauling by dual-fuel (gas-diesel) haul trucks is much less than that of diesel-powered haul trucks. It is said that, according to the energy criterion for evaluating the operation, it is more efficient to use haul trucks running on gas-diesel mixture.
Perspective Solutions for the Design of Drilling Tools
Authors: Mannanov Ulugbek , Toshov Javokhir , Toshniyozov Lazizjon
Published: June 2019

The article considers the ways to solve optimization problems of drill bits on a deterministic basis through studying and using the “Regularity of energy consumption of dynamic systems from resistance to motion forces”, which directly indicates the causes of bit balling formation, the reasons for the insufficient stability of the bearing assemblies of the cones, the causes of instability of the drill bits at the bottom of the well. Theoretical grounded search was done to use certain methods for designing drill bits of cutting-abrasive type, working in the rotational steam mode, which determine uniform wear of armaments for all crowns of working matrices and uniform destruction of the rock through all of the annular bottom hole.
The Impact of the Mining Region’s Ecology on Human Professional Development
Authors: Nikiforova Olga , Yakushina Tatyana , Mamedov Rashit
Published: June 2019

The article actualizes the problem of improving professional environmental development in the regions of environmental risk. The unfavorable environmental situation in the mining regions of the country, including Kuzbass, necessitates the search for sustainable development of coal basins that can ensure a balanced and balanced interaction of environmental and economic factors. The paper lists the factors that contribute to the actualization of continuous environmental education; the article describes the stages of professional development, leading to the improvement of the status of environmental education and education of all segments of the population.
Global Competence in Higher Mining Engineering Education
Authors: Pevneva Inna , Edmunds Paul , Smirnova Anna
Published: June 2019

The formation of global competences for learners at all levels of professional engineering and mining education as the basis for the successful career and social life has become increasingly urgent in modern fast-changing world. The solution to this problem involves several aspects: first, identification and description of the basic elements and the structure of the global competences within the competency-based approach; second, the interpretation of global competences and their components taking into account convergent and divergent global processes in all spheres of human activity. Third, the development of tools to facilitate the reform of education, to ensure the quality improvement of the educational process, procedures, evaluation of results and ensuring the growth of quality indicators of the results of education.