bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Citizenship Practices and Implementation of Learning Modalities in the Higher Education Institutions under the New Normal in General Santos City
Authors: Okoye Anthony
Published: November 2024

While the shift to technology-mediated learning in higher education has been widely documented, less is known about the interplay between digital citizenship practices within institutions, particularly in Mindanao. One of the means to address this gap is by investigating the relationship between these two factors within higher education institutions in General Santos City. While some argue that technological infrastructure and pedagogical innovation are sufficient for effective online and blended learning, this study posits that a strong foundation of digital citizenship is essential for maximizing the benefits of these modalities. Specifically, the research examined four key elements of digital citizenship: digital identity, digital netiquette, digital footprint, and digital privacy, alongside the implementation of learning modalities across curriculum development, supervision of instruction, faculty development, and research and extension services. Data were collected through a structural survey questionnaire. Findings revealed a high level of digital citizenship practices and a very satisfactory implementation of learning modalities. The data indicate that students and teachers alike are well-versed in digital ethics, demonstrating awareness of online safety protocols and responsible internet behaviors. This strong foundation in digital citizenship can be leveraged to develop further the critical thinking and information literacy skills required for navigating the digital landscape of the 21st century. Furthermore, a significant positive relationship was observed between these two factors across all domains. This suggests that strong digital citizenship within HEIs contributes to a more effective adaptation to a technology-driven educational environment.
Comprehensive Tracer Study of San Sebastian College-Recoletos Manila (2018-2023)
Authors: Maranan Mario , Competente Francis , Carabeo Anton Maria Francesco , Viernes Ferlie Rose
Published: November 2024

The employability of graduates from San Sebastian College Recoletos (SSCR) between 2018 and 2023 is under scrutiny in the Comprehensive Tracer Study, which also delves into the impact of their education on their ability to thrive in the realm. This research aims to analyze the employment status and demographic characteristics of these graduates, evaluate their perspectives on job-hunting practices, and assess how effectively their education equipped them for the working world. A total of 440 graduates participated in a research project by completing a self-designed survey tool via a platform. In order to uncover patterns and connections within the data set, we carried out an analysis utilizing weighted calculations alongside examining the frequency distributions and conducting an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The outcomes indicate that most graduates achieve job placements, with a proportion securing positions shortly following graduation. The research underscores the importance of workshops and conferences in enhancing job prospects, particularly for individuals who land jobs within a year post-graduation. Considering everything, the research showcases the effectiveness of SSCR initiatives in facilitating graduates’ transition into the job market and identifies areas where enhanced graduate tracking and support services are needed. This analysis could assist SSCR in enhancing its strategies for equipping students with the skills, for employment success.
Osmanlı Uç Toplumu: Kuruluş Döneminde Osmanlı’da Sınırlara Sosyolojik Bir Bakış
Authors: Özbey Kerem
Published: November 2024

Sınırlar, tarihsel-toplumsal bir inşa sürecinin ürünüdür. Bu çalışma, sınırlara tarihsel bir perspektiften odaklanarak Osmanlı Devleti’nin kuruluş döneminde sınırları anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Söz konusu dönemde sınırların hangi kavramlarla ifade edildiği, Osmanlı uç toplumunun oluşumunda sınırların nasıl bir rol ve işleve sahip olduğu, Osmanlı sınırlarında toplumsal yapı ve örgütlenmenin ne şekilde gerçekleştiği, Osmanlı sınır kültürünün nasıl üretildiği ve Osmanlı’nın sınırları üzerinde güç ilişkilerinin nasıl şekillendiği, bu çalışmanın temel sorunsalını oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, Osmanlı’nın geleneksel sınır anlayışının uç, serhat ve hudut gibi kavramlarla belirli bir coğrafi bölgeyi ifade ettiği görülmüştür. Osmanlı’nın Selçuklu-Bizans uç bölgesinde ortaya çıkması, uçlarda kendi toplumsal yapı ve örgütlenmesini oluşturması ve uçlara özgü değerler sistemlerini üretmesi, Osmanlı uç toplumunu oluşturan dinamikler olmuştur. Merkezdekilerden farklı ama uçtakilerle benzer olma hali, Osmanlı sınır kültürünün temelini oluşturmuştur. Merkezi iktidar karşısında uç beyliği, uçları hem düşmana karşı korumak hem de düşmana karşı akınlar düzenlemek maksadıyla uçlarda dini-toplumsal gruplar üzerinden teşkilatlanarak Osmanlı sınırlarında bir güce dönüşmüştür.
Kariyer Dışı Bir Osmanlı Diplomatı: Viyana Büyükelçisi Mehmed Arif Efendi (1850-1855)
Authors: Kılıç Musa
Published: November 2024

Büyükelçilik diplomatlık mesleğinin en üst basamağını ifade eder. Bununla birlikte geçmişte olduğu gibi günümüzde de büyükelçiler sadece diplomatlardan seçilmezler. Diplomatlık mesleği dışından gelenler için kariyer dışı büyükelçi nitelemesi kullanılır. Osmanlı Devleti’nde bu nitelendirme kapsamına giren elçi sayısı hayli fazladır. Mehmed Arif Efendi 1850-1855 yılları arasında Viyana’da büyükelçi olarak görev yaptı. Daha önce herhangi bir diplomatik tecrübesi olmamasına ve dönemin diplomasi dili Fransızcayı bilmemesine rağmen bu göreve tayin edilmişti. Yani kariyer dışı bir elçiydi. Onun görev yaptığı dönem Avrupa diplomasisinin hareketli olduğu yıllardı. Önce Macar Mültecileri meselesi nedeniyle Osmanlı Devleti ile Avusturya arasındaki diplomatik krizle uğraşmak zorunda kaldı. Kırım Savaşı döneminde görevine devam ediyordu. Viyana, barış için diplomatik müzakerelerin yürütüldüğü merkez olduğu için Mehmed Arif Efendi’nin büyükelçilik misyonu daha önemli hale geldi. Kimi zaman kariyer dışı bir elçi olmanın zorluklarını yaşadı. Bu çalışmanın amacı Mehmed Arif Efendi’nin Viyana Sefaretindeki misyonunu, kariyer dışılığı üzerinden ele almaktır. Onun Avusturya-Osmanlı Devleti arasındaki diplomatik ilişkilerdeki rolü ve bu rolde kariyer dışı bir diplomat olmasının etkileri irdelenecektir.
Comparative Study Of Keratometer And Autorefractometer For Non-Invasive Tear Break-Up Time Measurement In Rural Settings
Authors: Dey Satyam Jha And Trisha
Published: November 2024

Tear break-up time (TBUT) is a crucial indicator of ocular surface health, often used in diagnosing dry eye syndrome. Traditional assessment methods may not be accessible in rural areas due to the high cost of advanced diagnostic machines. This study investigates the reliability and accuracy of keratometers and autorefractometers for measuring non-invasive TBUT in a cohort of 200 patients. Our findings indicate a strong correlation between TBUT values from these tools and the conventional invasive TBUT test, demonstrating their potential utility in resource-limited settings
The Singular Therapeutic Project As A Learning And Comprehensive Care Tool: Experience Report On The Management Of Chronic Pain In An Elderly Patient
Authors: Fontoura Guilherme Martins Gomes , Filho Arilson Santos De Andrade , Abdon Bruna Lima , Neves Karen Nickole Sousa , Magalhães Lillian Oliveira
Published: November 2024

Background: Chronic pain is a complex condition that affects patients physically, emotionally, and socially. Addressing it effectively in primary care requires a holistic approach that integrates non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies. The Singular Therapeutic Project (STP) enables personalized, patient-centered care through multidisciplinary collaboration. Aim: This experience report aims to describe the practical learning experience of medical students implementing a STP for a patient with chronic pain, highlighting the impact on care and medical education. Experience Report: During the second semester of 2024, medical students from Bragança, Pará, engaged in home visits through the STP framework under faculty supervision. These visits facilitated an expanded understanding of the patient’s clinical and psychosocial context using tools such as genograms, ecomaps, and functional assessments. Students applied interventions to manage chronic pain and address barriers to medication adherence. Additionally, collaboration with the healthcare team ensured adjustments to care based on the patient’s evolving needs, promoting reintegration into physical activities. Conclusion: The implementation of the STP fostered practical and humanized learning by emphasizing empathy, teamwork, and communication skills. This approach strengthened the students' understanding of primary healthcare, enabling the development of professional competencies essential for managing complex patient cases and contributing to the patient’s improved quality of life.
Knowledge, Attitude, And Practice (KAP) Of Contraceptive Devices Among Reproductive Age Group Of Women In Gorakhpur Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Verma Dr. Sunil Kumar , Baranwal Dr. Kavita , Singh Dr. Shalini , Kumar Dr. Sunil
Published: November 2024

Background: The global population has grown from 2.5 billion in 1950 to 8.1 billion in 2024 at a rate of about 0.87% per year. It might be approximately 8.5 billion by 2030 because of the unregulated fertility rate. The awareness of sexual and reproductive health information among women enables them to make appropriate decisions. In this study, the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) survey of contraception methods were done to find the knowledge gap between practice and attitude regarding the use of contraceptive devices among married women of reproductive age group in a tertiary health care hospital B.R.D Medical College district Gorakhpur Uttar Pradesh India. Objectives: To study the knowledge, attitude & practice regarding various methods of contraception used by women. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1246 married women aged 15 to 49 years in the Gorakhpur district, Uttar Pradesh, India, from May 2023 to December 2023 via predesigned, pretested questionnaire through interview scheduled. The data was entered using Microsoft Excel software. The level of significance taken in the study is 95%. Results: In this study, 94% of the participants knew about contraception but only 59% were using them. The highest percentage of respondents (women) were in the age group 31–49 (45–50%), and most of the study participants 41% were aware of four different types of contraceptive methods. The association between knowledge and contraception use was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: This study found that most of the women had knowledge and positive attitudes regarding contraception but only 59% of them practiced one of the contraceptive methods. To fill the gap, much more is yet to be done related to information, education, and communication, ongoing programs should be strong then and policies should be restructured accordingly
Controlling the Functional Properties of Oligothiophene Crystalline Nano/Microfibers via Tailoring of the Self‐Assembling Molecular Precursors
Authors: Di Maria Francesca , Zangoli Mattia , Gazzano Massimo , Fabiano Eduardo , Gentili Denis , Zanelli Alberto , Fermi Andrea , Bergamini Giacomo , Bonifazi Davide , Perinot Andrea , Caironi Mario , Mazzaro Raffaello , Morandi Vittorio , Gigli Giuseppe , Liscio Andrea , Barbarella Giovanna
Published: June 2018

Oligothiophenes are π‐conjugated semiconducting and fluorescent molecules whose self‐assembly properties are widely investigated for application in organic electronics, optoelectronics, biophotonics, and sensing. Here an approach to the preparation of crystalline oligothiophene nano/microfibers is reported based on the use of a “sulfur overrich” quaterthiophene building block, T4S4 , containing in its covalent network all the information needed to promote the directional, π–π stacking‐driven, self‐assembly of Y‐T4S4‐Y oligomers into fibers with hierarchical supramolecular arrangement from nano‐ to microscale. It is shown that when Y varies from unsubstituted thiophene to thiophene substituted with electron‐withdrawing groups, a wide redistribution of the molecular electronic charge takes place without substantially affecting the aggregation modalities of the oligomer. In this way, a structurally comparable series of fibers is obtained having progressively varying optical properties, redox potentials, photoconductivity, and type of prevailing charge carriers (from p‐ to n‐type). With the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, combined with powder X‐ray diffraction data, a model accounting for the growth of the fibers from molecular to nano‐ and microscale is proposed.
Human HSP70 Promoter‐Based Prussian Blue Nanotheranostics for Thermo‐Controlled Gene Therapy and Synergistic Photothermal Ablation
Authors: Liu Yajuan , Shu Guiming , Li Xue , Chen Hongbin , Zhang Bo , Pan Huizhuo , Li Tao , Gong Xiaoqun , Wang Hanjie , Wu Xiaoli , Dou Yan , Chang Jin
Published: June 2018

Realizing precise control of the therapeutic process is crucial for maximizing efficacy and minimizing side effects, especially for strategies involving gene therapy (GT). Herein, a multifunctional Prussian blue (PB) nanotheranostic platform is first designed and then loaded with therapeutic plasmid DNA (HSP70‐p53‐GFP) for near‐infrared (NIR) light‐triggered thermo‐controlled synergistic GT/photothermal therapy (PTT). Due to the unique structure of the PB nanocubes, the resulting PB@PEI/HSP70‐p53‐GFP nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit excellent photothermal properties and pronounced tumor‐contrast performance in T1/T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that mild NIR‐laser irradiation (≈41 °C) activates the HSP70 promoter for tumor suppressor p53‐dependent apoptosis, while strong NIR‐laser irradiation (≈50 °C) induces photothermal ablation for cellular dysregulation and necrosis. Significant synergistic efficacy can be achieved by adjusting the NIR‐laser irradiation (from ≈41 to ≈50 °C), compared to using GT or PTT alone. In addition, in vitro and in vivo toxicity studies demonstrate that PB@PEI/HSP70‐p53‐GFP NPs have good biocompatibility. Therefore, this work provides a promising theranostic approach for controlling combined GT and PTT via the heat‐shock response.
Stretchable, Transparent, and Self‐Patterned Hydrogel‐Based Pressure Sensor for Human Motions Detection
Authors: Ge Gang , Zhang Yizhou , Shao Jinjun , Wang Wenjun , Si Weili , Huang Wei , Dong Xiaochen
Published: June 2018

In this study, a binary networked conductive hydrogel is prepared using acrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol. Based on the obtained hydrogel, an ultrastretchable pressure sensor with biocompatibility and transparency is fabricated cost effectively. The hydrogel exhibits impressive stretchability (>500%) and superior transparency (>90%). Furthermore, the self‐patterned microarchitecture on the hydrogel surface is beneficial to achieve high sensitivity (0.05 kPa−1 for 0–3.27 kPa). The hydrogel‐based pressure sensor can precisely monitor dynamic pressures (3.33, 5.02, and 6.67 kPa) with frequency‐dependent behavior. It also shows fast response (150 ms), durable stability (500 dynamic cycles), and negligible current variation (6%). Moreover, the sensor can instantly detect both tiny (phonation, airflowing, and saliva swallowing) and robust (finger and limb motions) physiological activities. This work presents insights into preparing multifunctional hydrogels for mechanosensory electronics.
Manganese(III) Acetylacetonate‐Mediated Phosphorylation of Enamides at Room Temperature
Authors: Liu Yue , Liu Zhanxiang , Zhang Yuhong , Xiong Chunhua
Published: June 2018

A highly Z‐selective phosphorylation by Manganese(III) acetylacetonate‐mediated cross‐dehydrogenative‐coupling of enamides and phosphine oxides has been developed under mild conditions. The reaction shows broad substrate scope and functional group compatibility. DFT studies revealed that the formation of Z‐products is presumably due to the presence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond. β‐Aminophosphine could be readily obtained by reduction and hydrolysis of the product.

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Oxygen‐Initiated and Regulated Controlled Radical Polymerization under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Lv Chunna , He Congze , Pan Xiangcheng
Published: June 2018

A rapid oxygen‐initiated and ‐regulated controlled radical polymerization was conducted under ambient temperature and atmosphere. The reaction between triethylborane and oxygen provides ethyl radicals, which initiate and mediate the radical polymerization. The controlled radical polymerization was achieved using RAFT chain transfer agents (CTA) without any process of removing oxygen, providing well‐defined polymers with almost full conversion (>95 %) in a short period (15 min). High‐throughput screening was used to discover the suitable conditions for various CTA and monomers. To show the versatility of this method, a polymer library containing 25 well‐defined polymers with different compositions (block and statistical copolymers) and molecular weights were synthesized in 1 h via high‐throughput synthesis technique. A polymer‐painting technique was developed using this method, forming films with spatial control and excellent control in molecular weight and dispersity.
Genetic diversity and populational structure of the seahorse Hippocampus reidi (Syngnathidae) in north‐eastern Brazil: A conservationist approach
Authors: Montes Martín Alejandro , Cardoso Maria Luiza Valões , Neves Carlos Henrique Campos Bezerra , Garcia Ana Cristina Lauer , Da Silva José Clebson , Silveira Rosana Beatriz
Published: June 2018

Anthropic influence on the environment has caused extensive damage, with several species becoming vulnerable to extinction, such as Hippocampus reidi, the seahorse with the largest distribution area in Brazilian estuaries. For instance, in the Maracaípe River estuary, north‐eastern Brazil, once a sanctuary for the species, this seahorse is now increasingly difficult to find.

Recovery strategies for species threatened with extinction include the introduction of individuals from a demographically healthy population, or the captive breeding and subsequent release of individuals from the population at risk. This study evaluated the evolutionary potential and the best way to manage the recovery of the Maracaípe seahorse population.

The genetic diversity of 30 adults and 99 juveniles of H. reidi collected in Maracaípe were compared with those of 29 adults from a nearby, demographically healthy population in Jericoacoara National Park, Ceará. Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used, amplifying 96 polymorphic fragments from the studied groups.

Adults and juveniles from Maracaípe had high diversity and low genetic differentiation. The neighbour‐joining method, based on the number‐of‐differences model, revealed two clusters: one with adults and juveniles from Maracaípe; and the other with adults from Jericoacoara only. The most probable number of genetic groups (K = 2) was also obtained using Evanno's test, which was confirmed by structure. The analysis of molecular variance showed that more than 30% of the differences occur between these two groups (Maracaípe and Jericoacora).

The population differentiation observed between Maracaípe and Jericoacoara suggests genetic incompatibility between the individuals in each area, and points to the risk of outbreeding depression. Therefore, a possible conservation strategy for the Maracaípe population is a native captive breeding programme and the release of offspring in this location, aiming at the demographic recovery of the population in the area.
Antileishmanial activity, structure–activity relationship of series of 2‐(trifluoromethyl)benzo[b][1,8]naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones
Authors: Romero Angel H. , López Simon E. , Rodríguez Noris , Oviedo Henry
Published: June 2018

Trifluoromethyl‐substituted quinolones and their analogues have emerged as an interesting platform in the last 6 years to design antiparasite agents. Many of their derivatives have been demonstrated to display excellent efficacy against flagellate parasites such as Plasmodium spp. In order to identify new analogues of trifluoromethyl‐substituted quinolones to treat the American cutaneous leishmaniasis, we evaluated the antiproliferative activity of a series of 2‐(trifluoromethyl)benzo[b]‐[1,8]naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones on the Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania mexicana parasites. The mentioned derivatives have never been evaluated against any parasite strain. In general, an in vitro evaluation on L.(L)mexicana and L.(V)braziliensis showed that L.(L)mexicana was more sensitive to the action of the compounds than L.(V)braziliensis, either in the promastigote or in the amastigote form. Five compounds exhibited moderate efficacy against L.(L)mexicana promastigotes, with IC50 values ranging from 9.65 to 14.76 µM. From the mentioned molecules, three compounds, 1e, 1f, and 1h, showed a discrete response against axenic and intracellular amastigotes, with LD50 values between 19 and 24 µM. Moreover, an in vitro evaluation was performed on an antimony‐resistant amastigote strain and a human isolate amastigote strain. These three compounds showed discrete toxicity on peritoneal macrophages; however, their relatively good antiamastigote response compared to the drug glucantime promoted our trifluoromethyl‐substituted benzo[b][1,8]naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones as a potential platform to design potent antileishmanial agents.
Modified Peptide Inhibitors of the Keap1–Nrf2 Protein–Protein Interaction Incorporating Unnatural Amino Acids
Authors: Georgakopoulos Nikolaos D. , Talapatra Sandeep K. , Gatliff Jemma , Kozielski Frank , Wells Geoff
Published: June 2018

Noncovalent inhibitors of the Keap1–Nrf2 protein–protein interaction (PPI) have therapeutic potential in a range of disease states including neurodegenerative diseases (Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and various inflammatory conditions. By stalling Keap1‐mediated ubiquitination of Nrf2, such compounds can enhance Nrf2 transcriptional activity and activate the expression of a range of genes with antioxidant response elements in their promoter regions. Keap1 inhibitors based on peptide and small‐molecule templates have been identified. In this paper we develop the structure–activity relationships of the peptide series and identify a group of ligands incorporating unnatural amino acids that demonstrate improved binding affinity in fluorescence polarisation, differential scanning fluorimetry and isothermal titration calorimetry assays. These modified peptides have the potential for further development into peptidomimetic chemical probes to explore the role of Nrf2 in disease and as potential lead structures for drug development.
Enhanced Activity and Stability of a Carbon‐Coated Alumina‐Supported Pd Catalyst in the Dehydrogenation of a Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier, Perhydro 2‐(n‐methylbenzyl)Pyridine
Authors: Oh Jinho , Kim Tae Wan , Jeong Kwanyong , Park Ji Hoon , Suh Young‐Woong
Published: June 2018

The activity and stability of supported Pd catalysts are of crucial importance in the dehydrogenation of perhydro 2‐(n‐methylbenzyl)pyridine (H12‐MBP) reported as a potential liquid organic hydrogen carrier. Because of good stability examined in many hydroprocessing reactions, carbon‐coated alumina (CCA) was chosen as a support for Pd loading and prepared by the pyrolysis of glycerol solution with different concentrations. The catalytic activity and stability of Pd/CCA catalysts exhibited a volcano‐shaped relationship with the carbon content. Various characterization results revealed that the degree of carbon coating affected the acidity, Pd loading and particle size, reactant adsorption capacity, and H2 release at low temperatures. At an optimal carbon content (3.3 wt % in this work), these properties are believed to be balanced well, thus showing the best catalytic performance. Moreover, the improvement of catalytic activity was examined with supported Pd on carbon‐coated silica‐alumina of 3.3 wt % carbon content.
Hydrogenation of the LOHC Compound Monobenzyl Toluene over ZrO2‐supported Ru Nanoparticles: A Consequence of Zirconium Hydroxide's Surface Hydroxyl Group and Surface Area
Authors: Kim Tae Wan , Park Seowoo , Oh Jinho , Shin Chae‐Ho , Suh Young‐Woong
Published: June 2018

Monobenzyl toluene (H0‐MBT) is an interesting material as a liquid organic hydrogen carrier, which is commercially available as heat transfer oil. In H2 storage of H0‐MBT via the hydrogenation reaction, supported Ru catalysts were reported to show superior performance. Herein, ZrO2‐supported Ru nanoparticles were synthesized by using triruthenium dodecarbonyl Ru3(CO)12 as Ru precursor and precipitated zirconium hydroxide subjected to different ageing periods. Although the extended ageing resulted in a larger BET surface area of Ru/ZrO2, the hydrogenation activity and Ru dispersion turned out to be in a volcano‐shaped dependence on the ageing period. The characterization work on zirconium hydroxide revealed that the relative number of surface to bridging oxygen species decreased upon prolonged ageing and the hydroxylation degree largely affected the interaction with CO ligand of adsorbed Ru species. Consequently, the hydrogenation activity trend of the present Ru/ZrO2 was a combined consequence of the surface OH content and surface area of zirconium hydroxide.
Two‐dimensional Mixed Phase Leaf‐Ti1‐xCuxO2 Sheets Synthesized Based on a Natural Leaf Template for Increased Photocatalytic H2 Evolution
Authors: Devaraji Perumal , Jo Wan‐Kuen
Published: June 2018

Two‐dimensional (2D) leaf‐TiO2 (LTiO2) nano sheets were synthesized using a natural leaf template. In addition, 2D mixed phase leaf‐Ti1‐xCuxO2 sheets (1CuLTiO2) were prepared by incorporating Cu ions (1 wt %) into the LTiO2 lattice using a deposition‐precipitation method followed by a calcination process. Structural microscopic and spectroscopic analyses demonstrated the generation of anatase and rutile surface‐phase junctions as well as the combination of Cu ions with the disordered mesoporous leaf‐TiO2 lattice. Hydrogen evolution reactions over 1CuLTiO2 materials were performed using methanol as a sacrificial reagent under one sun illumination. LTiO2‐750, synthesized by calcination at 750 °C, showed an absorption onset at 410 nm, while LTiO2‐550, synthesized by calcination at 550 °C, exhibited an onset at 387 nm. Cu incorporation into the 1CuLTiO2‐750 lattice, synthesized by calcination at 750 °C, led to the increase in the visible light absorption. Both the photocurrent and hydrogen yield via 1CuLTiO2‐750 (apparent quantum yield, 4.9 %) were higher than the respective values of 1CuLTiO2‐550 (AQY=2.9 %) synthesized by calcination at 550 °C, highlighting the importance of the surface‐phase junction. The increased photocatalytic activity of 1CuLTiO2‐750 was mainly assigned to the formation of surface‐phase junctions, disordering mesoporosity, and 2D sheet morphology for fast charge carriers.
Influence of ageing on human body blood flow and heat transfer: A detailed computational modelling study
Authors: Coccarelli Alberto , Hasan Hayder M. , Carson Jason , Parthimos Dimitris , Nithiarasu Perumal
Published: June 2018

Ageing plays a fundamental role in arterial blood transport and heat transfer within a human body. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive methodology, based on biomechanical considerations, for modelling arterial flow and energy exchange mechanisms in the body accounting for age‐induced changes. The study outlines a framework for age‐related modifications within several interlinked subsystems, which include arterial stiffening, heart contractility variations, tissue volume and property changes, and thermoregulatory system deterioration. Some of the proposed age‐dependent governing equations are directly extrapolated from experimental data sets. The computational framework is demonstrated through numerical experiments, which show the impact of such age‐related changes on arterial blood pressure, local temperature distribution, and global body thermal response. The proposed numerical experiments show that the age‐related changes in arterial convection do not significantly affect the tissue temperature distribution. Results also highlight age‐related effects on the sweating mechanism, which lead to a significant reduction in heat dissipation and a subsequent rise in skin and core temperatures.
Energy efficient mapping on manycore with dynamic and partial reconfiguration: Application to a smart camera
Authors: Bonamy Robin , Bilavarn Sébastien , Muller Fabrice , Duhem François , Heywood Simon , Millet Philippe , Lemonnier Fabrice
Published: June 2018

This paper describes a methodology to improve the energy efficiency of high‐performance multiprocessor architectures with dynamic and partial reconfiguration (DPR), based on a thorough application study in the field of smart camera technology. Field‐programmable gate arrays are increasingly being used in cameras owing to their suitability for real‐time image processing with intensive, high‐performance tasks and to the recent advances in dynamic reconfiguration that further improve energy efficiency. The approach used to best exploit DPR is based on the better coupling of 2 decisive elements in the problem of heterogeneous deployment: design space exploration and advanced scheduling. We show how a tight integration of exploration, energy‐aware scheduling, common power models, and decision support in heterogeneous DPR multiprocessor system‐on‐a‐chip mapping can be used to improve the energy efficiency of hardware acceleration. Applying this to a mobile vehicle license‐plate tracking and recognition service results in up to a 19‐fold improvement in energy efficiency compared with software multiprocessor execution (in terms of energy‐delay product) and up to more than a threefold improvement compared with a multiprocessor with static hardware acceleration (ie, without DPR).
Implementation of a consistent fluid‐neutral model in SOLPS‐ITER and benchmark with EIRENE
Authors: Blommaert M. , Dekeyser W. , Horsten N. , Börner P. , Baelmans M.
Published: June 2018

In the quest for computationally affordable plasma edge transport simulations of reactor‐relevant plasmas, we consider fluid‐neutral models in this paper. To obtain good agreement with kinetic‐neutral models in charge‐exchange dominated regimes, model equations, transport coefficients, and boundary conditions have to be derived consistently from the kinetic description. In this paper, we describe a fully fluid plasma edge transport model that is aimed at reproducing the results of coupled finite‐volume/Monte Carlo runs with the kinetic Monte Carlo code EIRENE as closely as possible. To this end, we incorporate the rate coefficients from the AMJUEL reaction database, and boundary conditions are based on the reflection data from TRIM. The fluid‐neutral model is implemented into the SOLPS‐ITER code suite to compare the plasma sources with those of EIRENE on a simplified slab geometry. For a detached case, the results show a nearly perfect match between the fluid and kinetic model, with errors locally ranging up to a maximum discrepancy of 10% for particle and electron heat sources and 30% for parallel momentum sources. These very localized errors can be largely attributed to the discretization error, mainly near the ionization peak.
Is this the college/university student of the future and the college/university of the future?
Authors: Dennis Marguerite J.
Published: June 2018

I don't know if I will succeed in convincing you, the reader, that college and university students of the future and, by extension, colleges and universities of the future, will be very different from what they are today, but I shall try.
Virtual reality goggles allow students to experience campus from anywhere in the world
Authors: Sutton Halley
Published: June 2018

Right this moment, wherever you are, you can step onto the University of Oregon campus in Eugene and take a look around. You can wander into the Student Union, or cheer on the Ducks from courtside seats at a volleyball match. These are just a few features of the university's new UO360 – VR app, a virtual reality app that allows prospective students (or anyone) to experience a simulation of campus life.
Manage all recruitment efforts through one comprehensive platform
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: June 2018

With new graduate programs launching and a new enrollment management structure, officials at Yeshiva University needed a comprehensive constituent relationship management system to manage marketing and admissions functions. Element 451 enables them to manage all parts of the enrollment process using one platform.
Sequence architecture and depositional evolution in Lufeng Depression, Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea Part B: The shore deposits of Zhuhai Formation
Authors: Xia Shiqiang , Dong Guiyu , Zhang Zhenguo , Gao Lianfeng , Luo Donghong , Lin Changsong , Shu Liangfeng , Zhang Linting , Leng Chunpeng , Wu Peng
Published: June 2018

The Zhuhai Formation in Lufeng Depression is mainly deposited during a depression stage. In this paper, we employ cores, wireline logs, and seismic reflections to reveal sequence architecture and depositional evolution in target intervals. The results indicated that one second‐order sequence and two third‐order sequences were identified and sequence stratigraphic framework was established. The second‐order sequence was developed in response to base‐level falling, while third‐order sequences were mainly formed during base‐level rising. In addition, each third‐order sequence did not change too much in thickness. Then the shore deposits (shoreface and foreshore) were delineated, and the depositional characteristics were described within the framework with the help of related data. The shoreface and foreshore deposits within the sequence stratigraphic framework varied significantly in stacking patterns of wireline logs and cores. Based on comprehensive analysis, it can be concluded that base‐level changes played an important role in controlling sequence architecture. And lacustrine fluctuations derived from accommodation space changes exerted an essential effect on depositional evolution. This study provides significant insights into revealing the sequence architecture and depositional evolution and discussing hydrocarbon potential in the transition stage in the Zhuhai Formation.
Sowing the seeds of subsidiary influence: Social navigating and political maneuvering of subsidiary actors
Authors: Conroy Kieran M. , Collings David G. , Clancy Johanna
Published: June 2018

Research Summary: This paper emphasizes the social and political dimensions of subsidiary influence in strategically repositioning the subsidiary's mandate. The specific skills subsidiary actors deploy in attempting to influence corporate headquarters have largely been neglected in existing literature. Drawing from a micro‐political perspective, we provide a more nuanced, fine‐grained understanding of subsidiary influence by illuminating how influence is augmented and enriched through the concomitant effects of subsidiary actors' social and political skills. Using a multiple case study analysis and drawing on qualitative interviews, we illustrate how subsidiary actors' social skills are used to continuously create, maintain, and develop spaces of social engagement with corporate decision makers, whereas political skill involves the ability to leverage social spaces by developing specific influence tactics such as targeting, showcasing, and framing.

Managerial Summary: Subsidiaries of multinational companies play an increasingly dominant role in the global business environment. The role of the individual subsidiary actor in influencing corporate management is crucial to the development of the subsidiary mandate. Despite this, very little is known about the microlevel skills individual subsidiary actors draw upon to influence the development of their mandates. This article explores how subsidiary actors channel key social and political skills in strategically repositioning their mandates within the multinational enterprise. We find that subsidiary actors may use their social skills to establish increased interaction and communication with key corporate decision makers, whereas political skill is used to develop a variety of influence tactics.
The effect of HIV prevention products on incentives to supply condomless commercial sex among female sex workers in South Africa
Authors: Quaife Matthew , Vickerman Peter , Manian Shanthi , Eakle Robyn , Cabrera‐Escobar Maria A. , Delany‐Moretlwe Sinead , Terris‐Prestholt Fern
Published: June 2018

Evidence suggests that economic factors play an important role in commercial sex work, in particular that condomless sex commands a price premium relative to condom‐protected sex. This paper explores whether the use of a new HIV prevention product, with 100% efficacy but modeled after pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), could change the price and quantity of condomless commercial sex supplied. We collected stated preference data from 122 HIV‐negative female sex workers in urban South Africa, using a repeated choice experiment to simulate the impact of using PrEP on choices. Results suggest that the price premium for condomless sex would decrease by 73% with PrEP use and the quantity of condomless sex is predicted to increase by a factor of 2.27. Act price does not significantly affect choices without protection but strongly influences choices under full HIV protection. The utility offered by condoms reduces by around 15% under PrEP use. Because new HIV prevention products do not protect against other STIs or pregnancy, the unintended consequences of introducing HIV prevention products should be closely monitored, whereas users should not face stigma or blame for reacting rationally to exogenous changes to market conditions.
Chronic atypical first bite syndrome and primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid
Authors: Masood Maheer M. , Giosia Massimiliano Di , Hackman Trevor G.
Published: June 2018

Background

First bite syndrome is a well‐recognized complication of parapharyngeal space surgery. There are no reported cases of protracted first bite syndrome and subsequent diagnosis of a primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the parotid.

Methods

We present the case of a 73‐year‐old man with no surgical history and 9 years of first bite syndrome who was ultimately diagnosed with a primary SCC of the parotid. Diagnostic workup, including MRI and biopsy, along with oncologic treatment, were performed.

Results

Surgical treatment confirmed malignancy and also resulted in complete resolution of the first bite syndrome.

Conclusion

First bite syndrome without prior surgery may warrant further diagnostic workup with imaging to evaluate for salivary gland pathology. When no radiographic mass lesion is detected but the patient displays protracted symptoms unresponsive to conservative therapy, one should maintain an index of suspicion for malignancy, especially in the presence of symptom escalation.
Effects of galantamine on smoking behavior and cognitive performance in treatment‐seeking smokers prior to a quit attempt
Authors: MacLean Robert Ross , Waters Andrew J. , Brede Emily , Sofuoglu Mehmet
Published: June 2018

Objective

Drugs that enhance cholinergic transmission have demonstrated promise treating addictive disorders. Galantamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, may reduce cigarette smoking in otherwise healthy treatment‐seeking smokers.

Methods

The current study is a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, study that randomized daily smokers (n = 60) to receive one of two doses of galantamine extended release (8 or 16 mg/day), or a placebo treatment. Participants completed a smoking choice task as well as study measures and cognitive tasks in the laboratory and daily life using ecological momentary assessment. Analysis focused on smoking behavior and satisfaction, cognitive performance, and decision to smoke prior to a quit attempt.

Results

Linear mixed models demonstrated that, compared with placebo, both doses of galantamine reduced smoking in a laboratory choice task (p = 0.006) and decreased urine cotinine levels, but not self‐reported cigarettes, during the pre‐quit period (p = 0.007). Treatment had minimal effect on smoking satisfaction or cognitive performance.

Conclusions

The results suggest that galantamine reduces nicotine intake but it is unlikely that galantamine improves cognitive performance in otherwise healthy, treatment‐seeking smokers. Larger randomized clinical trials can determine if galantamine adjunctive to addiction treatment can improve smoking treatment outcomes.
Association analysis of interleukin‐18 gene promoter region polymorphisms and susceptibility to sporadic breast cancer in Chinese Han women
Authors: Qiao Xuefeng , Xu Danfei , Sun Dandan , Sun Sijin , Huang Zhiping , Cui Wei
Published: June 2018

Background

Interleukin‐18‐137G/C, ‐607G/T polymorphisms play multiple roles in various cancers. However, studies focused on its involvement in breast cancer remain controversial, and no study has taken the interaction between interleukin‐18 (IL‐18) gene polymorphism and body mass index (BMI), menopause into consideration. The study investigated the association between IL‐18‐137, ‐607 polymorphisms and risk of breast cancer and a possible interaction between the 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and BMI, menopause in Chinese Han woman.

Methods

A total of 488 participants, including 178 patients with breast cancer, 150 patients with benign breast disease and 160 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐direct sequencing technology was used to identify the genotypes.

Results

137 G/C genotype can decrease the risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.31‐0.93; P = .025). In benign group, subjects with G/C genotype of IL‐18‐137G/C polymorphism had a 1.89‐fold increased risk of developing breast cancer (95% CI = 1.05‐3.41; P = .032). Among postmenopausal subjects, people with G/T genotype of IL‐18‐607 polymorphism had a 7.97‐fold increased risk of lymph node metastasis compared with those with T/T homozygotes (95% CI = 1.95‐32.65; P = .0045). Among Overweight and obese patients with breast cancer (BMI ≥ 24), people with G/T genotype of IL‐18‐607 polymorphism had a 5.45‐fold increased risk of lymph node metastasis compared with those with T/T homozygotes (95% CI = 1.74‐17.06; P = .034).

Conclusions

IL‐18‐137 G/C genotype may be a protective factor for healthy group, but a risk factor for benign group. IL‐18‐607 G/T genotype have an interaction with menopausal and BMI. The synergetic effect can further increase the risk of lymph node metastasis for breast cancer patients.
Protein components of water extracts from fruiting bodies of the reishi mushroom Ganoderma lucidum contribute to the production of functional molecules
Authors: Kumakura Kei , Hori Chiaki , Matsuoka Hiroki , Igarashi Kiyohiko , Samejima Masahiro
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Mushrooms have been widely considered as health foods as their extracts have anti‐hypertensive and anti‐tumor activities. After a thorough literature survey, we hypothesized that enzymes in mushroom extracts play an important role in synthesizing functional molecules. Therefore, in this study, proteins extracted from reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum), which is used in oriental medicine, were identified by the proteomic approach, and appropriate extraction methods for improving angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities were investigated.

RESULTS

Various glycoside hydrolases (GHs), such as β‐N‐acetylhexosaminidase (GH family 20), α‐1,2‐mannosidase (GH family 47), endo‐β‐1,3‐glucanase (GH family 128), and β‐1,3‐glucanase (GH152), that degrade glycans in the fruiting body were identified. The residual glucanase activities generated β‐oligosaccharides. Additionally, the glutamic acid protease of the peptidase G1 family was determined as the major protein in the extract, and the residual peptidase activity of the extracts was found to improve ACE inhibitory activities. Finally, it was observed that extraction at 50 °C is suitable for yielding functional molecules with high ACE inhibitory activities.

CONCLUSION

Water extraction is generally believed to extract only functional macromolecules that exist in mushroom fruiting bodies. This study proposed a new concept that describes how functional molecules are produced by enzymes, including proteases and GHs, during extraction. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Experimental and modeling investigation of shape memory behavior of polyurethane/carbon nanotube nanocomposite
Authors: Moghim Mohammad Hadi , Zebarjad Seyed Mojtaba , Eqra Rahim
Published: June 2018

In the current study, mechanical, thermal, thermo‐mechanical, and shape memory behavior of polyurethane/carbon nanotube nanocomposites were investigated, and also a modified Halpin‐Tsai equation was used for the first time to model shape recovery stress of these smart composites. Results showed that strength enhanced with the addition of MWCNTs and improved to a maximum value of 130% for PU‐1wt%CNTs. SEM micrographs were also used to prove the presence of agglomerates at higher CNT contents. By investigating
thermogravimetry curves, it was concluded that the incorporation of carbon nanotubes transferred thermal degradation to a higher temperature. Storage modulus improved for nanocomposite samples which showed the reinforcing effect of CNTs on polyurethane. Memory behavior showed that recovery stress was increased for PU‐CNTs samples to a maximum value of 100% and not any harmful effect on shape recoveries observed. Finally, modified Halpin‐Tsai equation was obtained with the correction factor of K = exp(−1.79‐152Vf).
The c‐MYC–BMI1 axis is essential for SETDB1‐mediated breast tumourigenesis
Authors: Xiao Jin‐Fen , Sun Qiao‐Yang , Ding Ling‐Wen , Chien Wenwen , Liu Xin‐Yu , Mayakonda Anand , Jiang Yan‐Yi , Loh Xin‐Yi , Ran Xue‐Bin , Doan Ngan B , Castor Brandon , Chia David , Said Jonathan W , Tan Kar Tong , Yang Henry , Fu Xin‐Yuan , Lin De‐Chen , Koeffler H Phillip
Published: June 2018

Characterising the activated oncogenic signalling that leads to advanced breast cancer is of clinical importance. Here, we showed that SET domain, bifurcated 1 (SETDB1), a histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferase, is aberrantly expressed and behaves as an oncogenic driver in breast cancer. SETDB1 enhances c‐MYC and cyclin D1 expression by promoting the internal ribosome entry site (IRES)‐mediated translation of MYC/CCND1 mRNA, resulting in prominent signalling of c‐MYC to promote cell cycle progression, and provides a growth/self‐renewal advantage to breast cancer cells. The activated c‐MYC–BMI1 axis is essential for SETDB1‐mediated breast tumourigenesis, because silencing of either c‐MYC or BMI1 profoundly impairs the enhanced growth/colony formation conferred by SETDB1. Furthermore, c‐MYC directly binds to the SETDB1 promoter region and enhances its transcription, suggesting a positive regulatory interplay between SETDB1 and c‐MYC. In this study, we identified SETDB1 as a prominent oncogene and characterised the underlying mechanism whereby SETDB1 drives breast cancer, providing a therapeutic rationale for targeting SETDB1–BMI1 signalling in breast cancer. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.