bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of personality on the risk of myocardial infarction in UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Dahlén Amelia D. , Miguet Maud , Schiöth Helgi B. , Rukh Gull
Published: April 2022

Personality is a strong determinant for several health-related behaviours and has been linked to the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, the reports of personality’s mediating role have been inconsistent with no data available from large population-based cohorts. The study aimed to create proxies for the Big Five personality traits, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness and neuroticism, to examine the longitudinal relationship between personality and myocardial infarction in the UK Biobank. The study sample comprised of 484,205 participants (55% female, 45% male, mean age 56.4 ± 8.1 years) from UK Biobank cohort with a mean follow-up of 7 years. The personality proxies sociability, warmth, diligence, curiosity and nervousness were created using self-reported data on psychological factors, mental health and social support, to match the facets of the Big Five traits. As neuroticism is the only Big Five personality trait available in the UK Biobank, it was included to validate the personality proxies. Myocardial infarction outcome information was collected from hospital records, death registries or was self-reported. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard regression were used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratios (HR), respectively with 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for demographics (age, sex, socioeconomic status, ethnicity), health-related factors (BMI, diabetes, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) and lifestyle factors (alcohol intake, smoking, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity). Diligence was found to be significantly associated with lower prevalent myocardial infarction [OR: 0.87; (CI 0.84–0.89)] and lower incident myocardial infarction [HR: 0.88; (CI 0.85–0.92)]. Sociability was also protective against prevalent [OR: 0.89; (CI 0.87–0.92)] and incident [HR: 0.90; (CI 0.87–0.93)] myocardial infarction. Conversely, nervousness inferred a higher risk for both prevalent [OR: 1.10; (CI 1.08–1.12)] and incident [HR: 1.07; (CI 1.04–1.09)] myocardial infarction during follow-up. Sex-stratified analyses revealed that nervousness significantly increases the risk for incident myocardial infarction among women [HR: 1.13; (CI 1.08–1.19)] compared to men [HR: 1.05; (CI 1.02–1.08)]. By using our created proxies, we were able to investigate the impact of personality on the development of myocardial infarction. Persons with higher levels of diligence and sociability mimicking predominantly conscientiousness and extraversion personalities respectively are less likely to experience myocardial infarction, while personalities predominantly characterised by nervousness pose higher risk for developing myocardial infarction. These initial findings invite further validation of the use of the personality proxies in UK Biobank cohort.
The macroscopic limit to synchronization of cellular clocks in single cells of Neurospora crassa
Authors: Cheong Jia Hwei , Qiu Xiao , Liu Yang , Al-Omari Ahmad , Griffith James , Schüttler Heinz-Bernd , Mao Leidong , Arnold Jonathan
Published: April 2022

We determined the macroscopic limit for phase synchronization of cellular clocks in an artificial tissue created by a “big chamber” microfluidic device to be about 150,000 cells or less. The dimensions of the microfluidic chamber allowed us to calculate an upper limit on the radius of a hypothesized quorum sensing signal molecule of 13.05 nm using a diffusion approximation for signal travel within the device. The use of a second microwell microfluidic device allowed the refinement of the macroscopic limit to a cell density of 2166 cells per fixed area of the device for phase synchronization. The measurement of averages over single cell trajectories in the microwell device supported a deterministic quorum sensing model identified by ensemble methods for clock phase synchronization. A strong inference framework was used to test the communication mechanism in phase synchronization of quorum sensing versus cell-to-cell contact, suggesting support for quorum sensing. Further evidence came from showing phase synchronization was density-dependent.
Propagation of antibiotic resistance genes during anaerobic digestion of thermally hydrolyzed sludge and their correlation with extracellular polymeric substances
Authors: Haffiez Nervana , Azizi Seyed Mohammad Mirsoleimani , Zakaria Basem S. , Dhar Bipro Ranjan
Published: April 2022

The positive impact of the thermal hydrolysis process (THP) of sewage sludge on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) removal during anaerobic digestion (AD) has been reported in the literature. However, little information is available on how changes in different extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) due to THP can influence ARG propagation during AD. This study focused on systematically correlating EPS components and ARG abundance in AD of sewage sludge pretreated with THP (80 °C, 110 °C, 140 °C, 170 °C). THP under different conditions improved sludge solubilization followed by improved methane yields in the biochemical methane potential (BMP) test. The highest methane yield of 275 ± 11.5 ml CH4/g COD was observed for THP-140 °C, which was 40.5 ± 2.5% higher than the control. Increasing THP operating temperatures showed a non-linear response of ARG propagation in AD due to the rebound effect. The highest ARGs removal in AD was achieved with THP at 140 °C. The multivariate analysis showed that EPS polysaccharides positively correlated with most ARGs and integrons, except for macrolides resistance genes. In contrast, EPS protein was only strongly correlated with β-lactam resistance genes. These results suggest that manipulating THP operating conditions targeting specific EPS components will be critical to effectively mitigating the dissemination of particular ARG types in AD.
Research on recognition and classification of pulse signal features based on EPNCC
Authors: Chen Haichu , Guo Chenglong , Wang Zhifeng , Wang Jianxiao
Published: April 2022

To rapidly obtain the complete characterization information of pulse signals and to verify the sensitivity and validity of pulse signals in the clinical diagnosis of related diseases. In this paper, an improved PNCC method is proposed as a supplementary feature to enable the complete characterization of pulse signals. In this paper, the wavelet scattering method is used to extract time-domain features from impulse signals, and EEMD-based improved PNCC (EPNCC) is used to extract frequency-domain features. The time–frequency features are mixed into a convolutional neural network for final classification and recognition. The data for this study were obtained from the MIT-BIH-mimic database, which was used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental analysis of three types of clinical symptom pulse signals showed an accuracy of 98.3% for pulse classification and recognition. The method is effective in complete pulse characterization and improves pulse classification accuracy under the processing of the three clinical pulse signals used in the paper.
Development and validation of questionnaire to assess exposure of children to enteric infections in the rural northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Gizaw Zemichael , Yalew Alemayehu Worku , Bitew Bikes Destaw , Lee Jiyoung , Bisesi Michael
Published: April 2022

In areas where children have multiple environmental exposures to enteric pathogens, identifying the sources of exposure by measuring external and internal exposures to enteric pathogens and complementing by questionnaire and observational checklist to capture behaviors resulting risk of exposure is critical. Accordingly, this study was conducted to design valid and reliable questionnaire to assess behaviors and environmental conditions resulting exposure to enteric pathogens in the rural northwest Ethiopia. We began with a thorough exploration of relevant literature to understand the theoretical framework on the research objectives to identify variables to highlight what the questionnaire is measuring. We then generated items in each domain that can effectively address the study objectives and we refined and organized the items in a suitable format. Then after, we conducted face and content validity by involving experts on the research subject. After pre-testing a pre-final version of the instrument generated in the content validity study, we conducted a pilot study in 150 randomly selected rural households to test the internal consistency reliability. We used content validity ratio (CVR), item-level content validity index (I-CVIs), scale-level content validity index (S-CVI/UA), and modified kappa statistics to measure content validity of items. Moreover, we used agreement and consistency indices (i.e., Cronbach’s alpha) to assess the internal consistency of items. The content validity test result showed that the value of CVR was 0.95, I-CVIs was 0.97, and modified kappa was 0.97 for the whole items, indicating all the items are appropriate. The scale-level content validity index (S-CVI/UA) was 0.95 for the whole items indicating the agreement among judges to each items is higher. The internal consistency reliability test result indicated that Cronbach’s alpha for the pre-final version of the pre-final tool was 0.85, indicating the strong reliability of the tool. The final version of the questionnaire was, therefore, prepared with 8 dimensions and 80 items. In this study, we designed valid and reliable questionnaire to assess behaviors and environmental conditions that result high risk of exposure to enteric infections in rural settings. The questionnaire can be used as a tool in the rural settings of developing countries with some amendments to account local contexts. However, this questionnaire alone does not measure exposure of children to enteric infections. It only complements external and internal exposure assessments.
Gamma radiolytic stability of the novel modified diglycolamide 2,2′-oxybis(N,N-didecylpropanamide) (mTDDGA) for grouped actinide extraction
Authors: Verlinden Bart , Van Hecke Karen , Wilden Andreas , Hupert Michelle , Santiago-Schübel Beatrix , Egberink Richard J. M. , Verboom Willem , Kowalski Piotr M. , Modolo Giuseppe , Verwerft Marc , Binnemans Koen , Cardinaels Thomas
Published: April 2022

The radiolysis behavior of a new diglycolamide for solvent extraction of actinides and lanthanides was studied. The observed degradation rate was lower than for the reference molecule and 22 degradation compounds were identified.
Nitrogen self-doped carbon with super high-rate and long cycle life as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Jian , Cai Yanjun , Yao Xiang , Zhang Yue , Tian Hualing , Su Zhi
Published: April 2022

Nitrogen doping sites can be modulated by the hydrothermal method. The defects produced by self-doped pyridine nitrogen, not only improved the reactivity and electronic conductivity but also enhanced lithium-ion diffusion kinetics.
Phosphonate coating of commercial iron oxide nanoparticles for nanowarming cryopreserved samples
Authors: Pasek-Allen Jacqueline L. , Wilharm Randall K. , Gao Zhe , Pierre Valerie C. , Bischof John C.
Published: April 2022

New preservation technologies may allow for organ banking similar to blood and biomaterial banking approaches.
A novel thermosensitive growth-promoting collagen fibers composite hemostatic gel
Authors: Yan Xingyu , Chen Yining , Dan Nianhua , Dan Weihua
Published: April 2022

Schematic diagram of the synthesis of COF.
Synthesis of nanosheet epitaxial growth ZSM-5 zeolite with increased diffusivity and its catalytic cracking performance
Authors: Hao Jing , Xu Shuman , Cheng Dang-guo , Chen Fengqiu , Zhan Xiaoli
Published: April 2022

The introduction of microporous substrate in the nanosheet zeolite reduces the “acid wall” barrier. The diffusional time constant of RP-120 is increased by 32%, and its TOF is increased by 54%.
Prospects and challenges for autonomous catalyst discovery viewed from an experimental perspective
Authors: Trunschke Annette
Published: April 2022

Autonomous catalysis research requires elaborate integration of operando experiments into automated workflows. Suitable experimental data for analysis by artificial intelligence can be measured more readily according to standard operating procedures.
Bimetallic sites and coordination effects: electronic structure engineering of NiCo-based sulfide for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural electrooxidation
Authors: Zhao Zhefei , Guo Tianyang , Luo Xingyu , Qin Xuetao , Zheng Lingxia , Yu Li , Lv Zhuoqing , Ma Ding , Zheng Huajun
Published: April 2022

The electrocatalytic performance of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) oxidation was improved by NiCo-based bimetallic-sites construction and S coordination species tuning.
Correction: All-purpose nanostrategy based on dose deposition enhancement, cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and ROS production as prostate cancer radiosensitizer for potential clinical translation
Authors: Guo Xiao-xiao , Guo Zhen-hu , Lu Jing-song , Xie Wen-sheng , Zhong Qiu-zi , Sun Xiao-dan , Wang Xiu-mei , Wang Jian-ye , Liu Ming , Zhao Ling-yun
Published: April 2022

Correction for ‘All-purpose nanostrategy based on dose deposition enhancement, cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and ROS production as prostate cancer radiosensitizer for potential clinical translation’ by Xiao-xiao Guo et al., Nanoscale, 2021, 13, 14525–14537, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NR03869A.
A reasonably constructed fluorescent chemosensor based on the dicyanoisophorone skeleton for the discriminative sensing of Fe3+ and Hg2+ as well as imaging in HeLa cells and zebrafish
Authors: Zhang Chuqi , Lv Xinyan , Liu Xiuhong , Chen Hongyun , He Haifeng
Published: April 2022

A new fluorescent sensor dicyanoisophorone rhodanine-3-acetic acid has been developed by employing a DCI-based push–pull dye as the fluorophore and RDA as the recognition moiety for the simultaneous sensing of Fe3+ and Hg2+.
Numerical analysis on a catalytic pyrolysis reactor design for plastic waste upcycling using CFD modelling
Authors: De la Flor-Barriga Luis Alberto , Rodríguez-Zúñiga Ursula Fabiola
Published: April 2022

Catalytic pyrolysis technologies are a current trend to address plastic waste upcycling, offering lower energy consumption and higher value products when compared to conventional thermal pyrolysis.
LAPONITE® nanodisk-“decorated” Fe3O4 nanoparticles: a biocompatible nano-hybrid with ultrafast magnetic hyperthermia and MRI contrast agent ability
Authors: Basina Georgia , Diamantopoulos George , Devlin Eamonn , Psycharis Vassilis , Alhassan Saeed M. , Pissas Michael , Hadjipanayis George , Tomou Aphrodite , Bouras Alexandros , Hadjipanayis Constantinos , Tzitzios Vasileios
Published: April 2022

Fe3O4 nanoparticles “decorated” by LAPONITE® nanodisks have been materialized utilizing the Schikorr reaction and tested as mediators of heat for localized magnetic hyperthermia (MH) and as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agents.
A novel antibacterial gold nanoparticle layer with a self-cleaning ability through the production of oxygen bubbles
Authors: Liang Jinwei , Wang Jinghong , Shen Xiang , Lu Benben , Li Guize , Wang Hengxiao , Wang Hongwei , Yuan Lin
Published: April 2022

An antimicrobial peptide mimetics and catalase modified gold nanoparticle layer showed high antibacterial efficiency and self-cleaning ability through the production of bubbles using bacterial and exogenous hydrogen peroxide.
Easy preparation of a liposome-mediated protein delivery system by freeze–thawing a liposome–protein complex
Authors: Koide Hiroyuki , Ochiai Hiroki , Suzuki Hikaru , Hirata Shinya , Watanabe Midori , Yonezawa Sei , Dewa Takehisa , Oku Naoto , Asai Tomohiro
Published: April 2022

An easy one-step method for the encapsulation of proteins into liposomes based on freeze–thawing a protein–liposome complex was developed for efficient protein delivery.
Temperature dependent local structure coherence of surface-modified BaTiO3 nanocubes
Authors: Jiang Bo , Zhao Changhao , Metz Peter C. , Jothi Palani Raja , Kavey Benard , Reven Linda , Lindner-D'Addario Michael , Jones Jacob L. , Caruntu Gabriel , Page Katharine
Published: April 2022

BaTiO3 nanocubes capped by polar tetrafluoroborate (BF4−) ligands are shown to have enhanced ferroelectric order and undergo sharper ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transitions relative to nanocubes capped with nonpolar oleic acid (OA) ligands.
Enhanced plasmonic sensing of single gold nanoparticles with narrowed resonance linewidths
Authors: Wang Shuangshuang , Hu Huatian , Liu Xiaoze , Ding Tao
Published: April 2022

This work demonstrates significantly narrowed LSPR linewidths by combining single gold nanoparticles with a dielectric Bragg reflector.
First look at the multiphase interstellar medium using synthetic observations from low-frequency Faraday tomography
Authors: Bracco Andrea , Ntormousi Evangelia , Jelić Vibor , Padovani Marco , Šiljeg Barbara , Erceg Ana , Turić Luka , Ceraj Lana , Šnidarić Iva
Published: April 2022

Faraday tomography of radio polarimetric data below 200 MHz from the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) has been providing new perspectives on the diffuse and magnetized interstellar medium (ISM). One aspect of particular interest is the unexpected discovery of Faraday-rotated synchrotron polarization associated with structures of neutral gas, as traced by atomic hydrogen (HI) and dust. Here, we present the first in-depth numerical study of these LOFAR results. We produced and analyzed comprehensive synthetic observations of low-frequency synchrotron polarization from magneto-hydrodynamical (MHD) simulations of colliding super shells in the multiphase ISM from the literature. Using an analytical approach to derive the ionization state of the multiphase gas, we defined five distinct gas phases over more than four orders of magnitude in gas temperature and density, ranging from hot, and warm fully ionized gas to a cold neutral medium. We focused on establishing the contribution of each gas phase to synthetic observations of both rotation measure and synchrotron polarized intensity below 200 MHz. We also investigated the link between the latter and synthetic observations of optically thin HI gas. We find that it is not only the fully ionized gas, but also the warm partially ionized and neutral phases that strongly contribute to the total rotation measure and polarized intensity. However, the contribution of each phase to the observables strongly depends on the choice of the integration axis and the orientation of the mean magnetic field with respect to the shell collision axis. A strong correlation between the HI synthetic data and synchrotron polarized intensity, reminiscent of the LOFAR results, is obtained with lines of sight perpendicular to the mean magnetic field direction. Our study suggests that multiphase modeling of MHD processes is needed in order to interpret observations of the radio sky at low frequencies. This work is a first step toward understanding the complexity of low-frequency synchrotron emission that will be soon revolutionized thanks to large-scale surveys with LOFAR and the Square Kilometre Array.
L’Autre et l’Étranger dans la psychanalyse
Authors: Tyszler Jean-Jacques
Published: April 2022

Comment ignorer aujourd’hui le sort tragique que nos mondes riches font aux migrants et aux exilés ? À quel prix le monde psychanalytique peut-il encore ignorer l’impact de telles réalités ?

Plutôt que de réciter à n’en plus finir des litanies sur le père, il faut situer aujourd’hui l’actualité urgente de ce que nous apprennent les exilés sur les logiques de survivance et de subjectivation.
Le transfert et la psychothérapie à l’épreuve d’un récit migrant : entre vérité et exactitude
Authors: Porto Carolina
Published: April 2022

Cet article examine la question de la vérité dans le récit des patients en situation d’exil, ainsi que l’impact de la malléabilité de ce récit sur le transfert et sur le travail psychothérapeutique. Mettre des mots sur son histoire n’est pas seulement la raconter, mais aussi la créer et la comprendre. Le récit est une matière plastique, qui change rapidement et qui s’adapte ; il construit l’identité du sujet et, au cours de ce processus, est lui-même déconstruit et reconstruit plusieurs fois. C’est pour cela que le récit prend une place centrale dans le travail avec les patients issus de l’exil. À partir de la présentation du cas d’un enfant demandeur d’asile, suivi dans un centre médico-psycho-pédagogique, les questionnements de l’équipe soignante et le positionnement du psychologue y sont exposés. L’analyse de l’histoire de vie de la mère et de l’enfant, ainsi que des dessins du patient servent d’appui pour la présentation de ce cas. Leur récit « migrant », demande au thérapeute d’être capable de naviguer entre les notions de vérité et d’exactitude, pour pouvoir garder le cap du transfert. Le cas de ce patient démontre que la vérité demeure dans la rencontre faite avec chaque enfant, et dans le travail psychique effectué. Ce récit changeant, raconté au fil des années entre dessins, jeu et parole ; ce récit construit entre souvenirs et histoires confiées et entendues, c’est cela la vraie version de l’histoire de ce petit patient.
La place de la parole dans la demande de protection Internationale
Authors: Redler Charlotte , Zribi Isabelle
Published: April 2022

La parole du sujet de l’exil est centrale dans le cadre de sa demande de protection internationale. C’est en effet bien souvent la seule preuve dont il dispose pour prouver ses craintes de persécutions. Cette parole, précieuse, déterminante, est pourtant, durant des mois, très restreinte, pour les demandeurs d’asile dit « dublinés », qui sont ainsi, du fait des normes européennes, pour grande partie privés de la faculté de faire part de leur récit. La parole du sujet de l’exil a vocation à se déployer plus largement lorsque la demande d’asile est enregistrée par la France et finalement traitée, tant devant l’administration que devant le juge de l’asile. Si elle est essentielle à une bonne instruction de la demande de protection internationale, pour des raisons liées aux traumatismes vécus par les personnes, elle peut être difficile à libérer et à confier aux acteurs de l’asile, office de protection des réfugiés et des apatrides, avocat, juges. Cela demande du temps dont bien souvent le sujet de l’exil ne dispose pas, en raison de l’accélération de l’instruction des demandes. Si sa parole est ainsi essentielle, elle est actuellement menacée par une politique de la Cour nationale du droit d’asile qui multiplie les rejets sans audience.
Prendre soin de l’altérité…
Authors: Jamart Claude
Published: April 2022

L’auteure nous parlant d’abord de son enfance en Afrique s’interroge sur la notion d’« altérité » en psychanalyse. L’altérité est une notion à la fois bien plus précise et plus vaste que celle de « différence ». En prendre soin permet à la détresse et à l’espoir de trouver des accueils inattendus et bienveillants qui rendent une liberté aux processus de l’identification.
La Maison et la rue : considérations sur l’exil
Authors: Lescher Auro Danny , Féres Matos Logerai Chain
Published: April 2022

L’objet de cet article est d’analyser l’exil comme expérience d’un Sujet et non comme un enjeu sociologique et statistique. Ainsi, il s’agit de comprendre l’exil avant l’exil, la décision de partir, la perte de références symboliques et structurantes, comme un pays, une ville, une rue et une maison. Nous essaierons de réfléchir sur les significations de l’habiter, la détresse (Hilfslosigkeit) entendue comme source de valeurs morales, ainsi que sur les manières de se constituer de l’appartenance, dans lesquelles le principe de vie s’exerce dans des situations extrêmes.
The Role of Herbal Medicine in Cholangiocarcinoma Control: A Systematic Review
Authors: Na-Bangchang Kesara , Plengsuriyakarn Tullayakorn , Karbwang Juntra
Published: April 2022

The growing incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) and limited treatment options stimulate a pressing demand for research and the development of new chemotherapeutics against cholangiocarcinoma. This study aimed to systematically review herbs and herb-derived compounds or herbal formulations that have been investigated for their anti-cholangiocarcinoma potential. Systematic literature searches were conducted in three electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. One hundred and twenty-three research articles fulfilled the eligibility critera and were included in the analysis (68 herbs, isolated compounds and/or synthetic analogs, 9 herbal formulations, and 119 compounds that are commonly found in several plant species). The most investigated herbs were Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) and Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae). Only A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) has undergone the full process of nonclinical and clinical development to deliver the final product for clinical use. The extracts of A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae), Garcinia hanburyi Hook.f. (Clusiaceae), and Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae) exhibit antiproliferative activities against human cholangiocarcinoma cells (IC50 < 15 µg/mL). Cucurbitacin B and triptolide are herbal isolated compounds that exhibit the most promising activities (IC50 < 1 µM). A series of experimental studies (in vitro, in vivo, and humans) confirmed the anti-cholangiocarcinoma potential and safety profile of A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) and its active compounds atractylodin and β-eudesmol, including the capsule pharmaceutical of the standardized A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) extract. Future research should be focused on the full development of the candidate herbs to deliver products that are safe and effective for cholangiocarcinoma control.
Antibiotikaprophylaxe und empirische Antibiotikatherapie bei Primärendoprothetik und periprothetischen Gelenkinfektionen: Aktuelle Praxis und Bedarf an
Therapieoptimierung
Authors: Rupp Markus , Walter Nike , Baertl Susanne , Lang Siegmund , Herbst Tanja , Hitzenbichler Florian , Alt Volker
Published: April 2022

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, die Versorgungssituation in Deutschland in Hinblick auf den Nutzen prophylaktischer und empirischer Antibiotikatherapie zu erheben. Unterschieden
wird zwischen primärer Endoprothetik und der Versorgung periprothetischer Gelenkinfektionen (PJI). Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Umfrage in deutschen Universitätskliniken und BG-Kliniken
(Fachbereiche Orthopädie und/oder Unfallchirurgie) mittels Fragebogen durchgeführt. Die daraus resultierenden Umfragedaten wurden anschließend mit zuvor veröffentlichten Daten zur
antimikrobiellen Behandlung von n=81 PJI-Patienten, die zwischen 2017 und 2020 in unserer Abteilung behandelt wurden, verglichen.

Hinsichtlich der prophylaktischen Antibiotikagabe im Kontext der Primärendoprothetik ergab sich ein homogenes Bild. In 93,2 % (elektiv) und 88,6 % (Frakturbehandlung) der Kliniken wurden
Cephalosporine der 1. und 2. Generation perioperativ zur Infektionsprophylaxe bei der primären Hüftendoprothetik verabreicht.

Die empirische Verabreichung von Antibiotika bei PJI zeigte ein deutlich inhomogeneres therapeutisches Bild. Am häufigsten wird eine Monotherapie mit einem
Aminopenicillin/Betalaktamase-Inhibitor verordnet (38,7%); Cephalosporine der 1. und 2. Generation werden am zweithäufigsten im Rahmen einer Monotherapie eingesetzt (18,2%).

Angesichts des globalen Problems der zunehmenden Antibiotikamultiresistenz muss der klinische Einsatz von Antibiotika sinnvoll und wirksam sein. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse unterstreichen
die Notwendigkeit, das Bewusstsein hierfür zu schärfen und bestehende Leitlinien zur Verabreichung empirischer Antibiotikatherapie bei PJI zu beachten.
The Prevalence of BRAF, PIK3CA, and RAS Mutations in Indian Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Shetty Omshree , Vengurlekar Vaibhavi , Kapoor Akhil , Kamble Vishakha , Gurav Mamta , Bhargava Prabhat , Srinivas Sujay , Ramaswamy Anant , Ramadwar Mukta , Saklani Avanish P. , Desouza Ashwin , Ostwal Vikas
Published: April 2022

Introduction The present study evaluates the mutation pattern and frequency of BRAF, PIK3CA and RAS in colorectal carcinoma observed in the tertiary cancer center in India.

Materials and Methods Consecutive cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma (n = 330) registered from January 2015 to December 2019 (5-year duration) were selected for the study. Molecular analysis for BRAF.PIK3CA (exon 9 and 20) and RAS (KRAS&NRAS) was performed on representative formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues by Sanger sequencing. Results were correlated with clinicopathological features. Patient overall survival (OS) was obtained using Kaplan–Meier method.

Results The study cohort was in the age range of 22 to 81 years (median age: 52 years) that included 202 males and 96 females (male: female ratio 2.1:1). BRAF V600E mutation was observed in three cases (1%), while 17 cases (5.7%) had mutations in the PIK3CA gene (exon 9 or exon 20). Mutation analysis for RAS gene (KRAS&NRAS) was observed among 42 (15.4%) cases with KRAS mutation and 11 (4%) cases were positive for NRAS mutations. Among RAS, KRAS G12D was the predominant mutation. Median OS with wild-type RAS was 46.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22.4–70.8), while for RAS mutated patients, it was 25.6 months (95% CI: 16.7–34.5), hazard ratio: 1.7 (95% CI: 1.1–2.7, p = 0.025).

Conclusion This study evaluated the prevalence of BRAF, PIK3CA and RAS mutations in the Indian cohort and its impact on clinical behavior. There was lower incidence of BRAF mutations in this cohort and PIK3CA mutation (single) did not impact survival of the patients.
History of Wrist Arthroscopy
Authors: Bain Gregory I. , Baker Andrew , Whipple Terry L. , Poehling Gary G. , Mathoulin Christophe , Ho Pak-Cheong
Published: April 2022

Wrist arthroscopy has a rich history, drawing on contributions from around the world. Its foundation was laid in Japan with Kenji Takagi and Masaki Watanabe, who developed the arthroscope and the techniques for arthroscopy. Across several decades they advanced the optic and lighting technology, allowing the miniaturization which made wrist arthroscopy technologically feasible. A safe and standardized technique for wrist arthroscopy was evolved by Terry Whipple, Gary Poehling, and James Roth in the 1980s, and they shared this with their fellow surgeons through courses and publications. The techniques then spread across the world, leading to widespread uptake and exploration of new therapeutic possibilities. The worldwide spread of wrist arthroscopy was accelerated by the European Wrist Arthroscopy Society (EWAS), founded in 2005 by Christophe Mathoulin. The Asia Pacific Wrist Association (APWA), founded by PC Ho in 2015, also extended the progression of wrist arthroscopy. This article brings together this history and tells the global story of its development through the recollections of those involved. The manuscript includes some amazing videos of the early historical arthroscopy. There are also videos of Gary and Terry describing some of their special memories of the early politics, developments, and evolution of wrist arthroscopy.
Dysregulated Expression of MiR-19b, MiR-25, MiR-17, WT1, and CEBPA in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Association with Graft versus Host Disease after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Saadi Mahdiyar Iravani , Tahmasebijaroubi Fatemeh , Noshadi Esmat , Rahimikian Raha , Karimi Zahed , Owjfard Maryam , Niknam Ahmad , Abdolyousefi Ehsan Nabi , Salek Sanaz , Tabrizi Reza , Jamali Elham
Published: April 2022

Objectives Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a blood malignancy characterized by the proliferation of aberrant cells in the bone marrow and blood that interfere with normal blood cells. We have investigated whether changes in the level of micro-ribonucleic acid (miR)-19b, miR-17, and miR-25, Wilms' tumor (WT1), and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein α (CEBPA) genes expression affect disease prognosis and clinical outcome in AML patients.

Materials and Methods The expression level of miR-19-b, miR-17, and miR-25, as well as WT1 and CEBPA genes in a group of patients and controls as well as different risk groups (high, intermediate, and favorite risk), M3 versus non-M3, and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) versus non-GvHD patients were assessed using a quantitative SYBR Green real-time polymerase chain reaction method.

Results When compared with the baseline level at the period of diagnosis before chemotherapy, the expression of miR-19b and miR-17 in AML patients increased significantly after chemotherapy. The level of miR-19b and miR-25 expression in AML patients with M3 and non-M3 French–American–British subgroups differ significantly. MiR-19b and miR-25 expression was elevated in GvHD patients, while miR-19b and miR-25 expression was somewhat decreased in GvHD patients compared with non-GvHD patients, albeit the difference was not statistically significant. Also, patients with different cytogenetic aberrations had similar levels of miR-19-b and miR-25 expression.

Conclusion MiR-19b, miR-17, and miR-25 are aberrantly expressed in AML patients' peripheral blood leukocytes, which may play a role in the development of acute GvHD following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Serum Free Light Chain Assay as a Prognostic Marker in Patients with Aggressive B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Impact on Survival Outcome
Authors: Anoop T.M. , Narayanan Geetha , Chacko Steffi , Krishna K.M. Jagathnath , Nair Sreejith G.
Published: April 2022

Background The role of serum free light chain (FLC) as a prognostic biomarker in lymphoproliferative diseases is being increasingly studied. In this study we present the 5-year survival outcome for patients with aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and their relation to FLC and other known prognostic markers.

Materials and Methods This is a prospective study conducted in patients diagnosed with aggressive B-cell NHL. Serum FLC level and ratio were estimated prior to initiation of treatment.

Results A total of 100 patients were included in the study from December 2013 to December 2015 with a median age of 53 years. Thirty-eight patients (38%) had elevated FLC level of which 26% were polyclonal and 12% were monoclonal elevations. Abnormal FLC ratio was noted in 12% patients. Median follow-up duration of the study was 75 months. Five-year relapse-free survival (RFS) for the study population was 54.4%. Five-year RFS was 64.1% for early stage and 48.2% for advanced stage diseases (p = 0.05). The RFS was significantly better in age less than 60 years (59.5% vs 43.8%, p < 0.001). Five-year overall survival (OS) was 61.3%. OS was significantly better in younger patients (73.6% vs 33.4%, p < 0.001), with International Prognosis Index score of 0 to 2 (87.4% vs 26.7%, p < 0.001). Patients with elevated FLC had inferior RFS (50% vs 71.4%, p = 0.04). Abnormal FLC ratio also strongly corresponded to inferior RFS (54.5% vs 66.2%, p = 0.001). OS was also significantly inferior in patients with abnormal FLC ratio (72.6% vs 63.6%, p = 0.001).

Conclusion In patients with newly diagnosed aggressive B-cell NHL, elevated FLC levels and abnormal FLC ratio were significantly associated with inferior survival.
A model of mechanics of growing solids for the stress-strain analysis of wound composites reinforced with thin unidirectional fibers
Authors: Kazakov K E , Parshin D A
Published: April 2022

A mathematical model of the mechanics of growing solids has been developed that allows us to retrace the elastic stress-strain state progressing for cylindrical composites in the process of their slow layer-by-layer manufacturing by force winding of elementary material layers reinforced with sufficiently thin fibers in the circumferential direction, with an arbitrary density of their laying and an arbitrary pre-tension force. The obtained analytical relationships enable to set different control problems for a composite layer being formed including those for the characteristics of its contact interaction with the mandrel used.
On the influence of the pipe outer coating nonuniformity on the contact stresses arising under rigid bushes
Authors: Kazakov K E
Published: April 2022

The work is devoted to the formulation and construction of a solution in analytical form for the mechanical problem of contact interaction between a finite system of rigid cylindrical bushes and a pipe with an external coating, which has longitudinal nonuniformity. In industry and mechanical engineering, the presence of such additional coatings is required, for example, for protection the pipe main layer from external aggressive media, for its electrical or thermal insulation, etc. The nonuniformity of such a layer may be due to various additional requirements, as well as the obtaining process of this layer. When analyzing the stress-strain state of the pipe interacting with the bushes, it is necessary to take into account all the features. The paper shows that the mathematical model of the above-described interaction problem is a system of mixed integral equations containing integral operators of different types. Moreover, the resulting system includes functions describing the variable properties of the outer layer in the area of interaction with the bushings. The special approach described by the main theses in this paper makes it possible to obtain a solution in a form in which all complex functions are allocated as separate multipliers. This makes it possible to perform calculations even in cases where the coating is highly heterogeneous or consists of different materials.
Temperature field measurements between a Bunsen flame and flat a cold plate by using PLIF
Authors: Tolstoguzov R V , Chikishev L M
Published: April 2022

The present experimental work reports on the temperature measurements in a Bunsen flame, covered by a flat cooled plate from the top. The temperature field is measured based on the planar laser-induced fluorescence method for hydroxyl radical (OH) during the excitation of excitation Q1(8) line of the (1-0) band of the A2Σ+-X2Π electronic system. Thermometry was based on the imaging of the ratio of the fluorescence intensity for the band (2-0) and bands (0-0), (1-1). The paper presents the obtained temperature fields for the distances between the plate and the burner of 1, 2 and 3 calibres. The paper also concludes that the used method can be implemented using a single-pulse laser illumination and is effective for the detection of cold zones.
Statistical analysis of operational data of the GTS-LHC ion source
Authors: Küchler D , Mihailescu M
Published: April 2022

The GTS-LHC ECR ion source delivers ion species for the physics programme of the CERN accelerator complex. Stability and reproducibility are key parameters for a successful operation. Therefore the source requires regularly intervention by an expert. The integrated functionality of data logging in the control system of the CERN accelerator complex allows to store all relevant control values and beam properties for the different machines. For the years 2015, 2016 and 2018, the data for the lead ion operation of the GTS-LHC ion source were extracted from the logging and treated with various statistical methods to identify recurring patterns in the operational settings of the source. If such patterns exist, they may be used in the future for the control of the source by semi-automatic feedback loops. The main study performed was based on a cluster analysis using the Optigrid algorithm, which is well suited for problems with a high number of parameters. The algorithm and selected results considering some operational aspects and ideas on further studies are presented.
Self-consistent Monte Carlo model for ECRIS plasma simulation
Authors: Méndez-Giono J A , Minea T , Thuillier T , Revel A
Published: April 2022

A self-consistent iterative Monte Carlo model to simulate electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) plasma is presented. It computes the species’ spatial and energy distribution in the whole plasma chamber in a three-dimensional mesh. A number of electrons and ions are propagated independently considering the static magnetic field, injected microwave field and local electrical potential field. The species trajectories populate the mesh allowing to compute their local density and velocity. Each species is pushed until it undergoes a destructive collision or after a fixed time limit. After each propagation phase, the local plasma potential and the heating electromagnetic microwave field are updated. This process is then iterated until convergence of species distributions and fields is reached. This method is intended to be a faster alternative to other methods to characterise the species distributions in the plasma for a specified ECRIS design and aid with their conception. The model and software development status are presented, along with prospects.
Soundness evaluation of J-PARC RF ion source after 5-month continuous operation
Authors: Shibata T , Ohkoshi K , Shinto K , Nanmo K , Ikegami K , Oguri H
Published: April 2022

In the J-PARC user operation from Nov. 2020 – Apr. 2021, continuous operation of J-PARC Radio Frequency (RF) negative hydrogen ion (H-) source up to 3,651 hours (5 months) has been achieved. The ion source was operated with the output H- current of 60 mA, the duty factor (for plasma generation) 2% and the input RF power up to 30 kW. After the operation, phase space diagrams at the Radio Frequency Quadrupole linac (RFQ) entrance were measured by the emittance monitor at the ion source test stand (IS-TS) under the same operation condition as in the J-PARC Linac. Comparison of the phase spaces and the beam emittances between the ion sources in the present and the previous operations shows slight difference. From the direct observation of the antenna coil, no exhaustion or the decrease in the thickness of the enamel coating of the coil have been confirmed. The results indicate the possibility of the next goal of the long-run up to 7 months, which is the same as the full duration of the J-PARC user operation in 1 year.
Negative hydrogen ion sources for particle accelerators: Sustainability issues and recent improvements in long-term operations
Authors: Welton Robert , Bollinger Dan , Dehnel Morgan , Draganic Ilija , Faircloth Dan , Han Baoxi , Lettry Jacques , Stockli Martin , Tarvainen Olli , Ueno Akira
Published: April 2022

High brightness, negative hydrogen ion sources are used extensively in scientific facilities operating worldwide. Negative hydrogen beams have become the preferred means of filling circular accelerators and storage rings as well as enabling efficient extraction from cyclotrons. Several well-known facilities now have considerable experience with operating a variety of sources such as RF-, filament-, magnetron- and Penning-type H-ion sources. These facilities include the US Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL-ISIS), Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), numerous installations of D-Pace (licenced by TRIUMF) ion sources used mainly on cyclotrons and, most recently, the CERN-LINAC-1 injector. This report first summarizes the current performance of these ion sources in routine, daily operations with attention toward source service-periods and availability metrics. Sustainability issues encountered at each facility are also reported and categorized to identify areas of common concern and key issues. Recent ion source improvements to address these issues are also discussed as well as plans for meeting future facility upgrade requirements.
Probe measurement of an ECR hydrogen plasma facing the C12A7 electride surface
Authors: Bito K. , Sasao M. , Wada M.
Published: April 2022

Plasma parameters of an ECR discharge excited in a compact ion source with a replaceable plasma electrode (PE) were measured with a Langmuir probe. The PE was installed to investigate how an electride PE changes the plasma parameters from those with a Mo PE. The effect upon the plasma parameters in front of the PE due to the material will be elucidated by changing the probe position axially along the beam extraction direction. Analyses of the measured probe characteristics revealed that electride PE has a higher electron density (ne) and lower electron temperature (Te) than the Mo PE. When the PE was biased negatively, the ratio of the positive saturation current (Ii
) to the negative saturation current (Ie
+Ih-
) for the electride PE was about 1.6 times of the ratio for the Mo PE.
The H multiaperture source NIO1: gas conditioning and first cesiations
Authors: Barbisan M. , Cavenago M. , Delogu R. S. , Pimazzoni A. , Poggi C. , Ugoletti M. , Variale V. , Antoni V. , Ravarotto D. , Serianni G. , Baltador C. , Franchin L. , Minarello A. , Martini D. , Maniero M. , Rizzieri R. , Romanato L. , Rossetto F. , Taccogna F.
Published: April 2022

In NIO1, a compact H- ion source installed at RFX operated in continuous mode, gas conditioning was needed to improve results in Cs-free regimes (up to a current density about 25 or 30 A/m2). Installation of a cesium oven gave an additional increase of current, progressively limited also by a rapid overcesiation: we observed an average density about 50 A/m2 (with a peak of 67 A/m2). Obtained beam optics is briefly compared with simulations and previous results in the Cs-free regime in similar conditions (as source voltage, often set below or equal 11 kV). In both regimes, central beamlet apparent density is larger, possibly because of a narrow bias plate mask, now enlarged. Further improvements for Cs-based regime include a moderate oven reservoir temperature, careful tuning and a substantial increase of beam voltage, and power handling capability.
Characterization of Hydrogen Plasma in an ECR based Large Volume Plasma Chamber
Authors: Sharma Shweta , Sahu D , Narayanan R , Kar S , Bandyopadhyay M , Chakraborty A , Singh M J , Tarey R D , Ganguli A
Published: April 2022

Hydrogen plasma characterization was carried out in a large volume (dia∼ 1.0 m, h∼ 1.0 m) plasma chamber to evaluate the efficacy of production of uniform, large-area H- beam for fusion applications. Up to seven Compact ECR Plasma Sources (CEPS; Indian Patent #301583, Patentee: IIT Delhi) can be mounted on the top dome of the chamber (one in centre and six on a ∼60 cm dia circle). Axially poled permanent ring magnets provide the magnetic field for each CEPS and the total field in the chamber is the combined field of all CEPS. Separate experiments were conducted with: (i) six CEPS with opposite polarity on adjacent magnets, (ii) seven CEPS with identical polarity on all the magnets, and (iii) a single CEPS at the center. In case (ii) the field lines repel while for (i) a cusp field is formed between adjacent sources. For case (iii), one obtains a uniform plasma density over 35 cm radius (n ∼ 4 ϗ 1010 cm-3, Te
∼1-2 eV), ∼ 60 cm downstream (from central source mouth) with 400W power at ∼ 1-3 mTorr pressure, yielding ideal conditions for volume mode H- production over a large area. For case (ii), however, plasma from each source flows along its individual field lines, without forming uniform plasma down-tream. Whereas for case (i), because of cross-talk between adjacent sources, the system became unstable, giving oscillations in plasma formation and microwave reflected power. Hence, it appears that the single CEPS configuration is the most efficacious for large area H- generation.