bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Frequency of Bone Marrow Involvement in Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Wang Jianchao , Ding Wenshuang , Gao Limin , Yao Wenqing , Chen Min , Zhao Sha , Liu Weiping , Zhang Wenyan
Published: August 2016

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Thirteen cases of IVLBCL with a median age of 56 years were analyzed retrospectively. Nonspecific symptoms such as fever and hepatosplenomegaly were the most common manifestations, and the bone marrow was usually involved in 8/13 (61.5%) cases. All tumors expressed CD20, and 12/13 (92.3%) of the tumors exhibited a nongerminal center phenotype by Hans algorithm. CD5 was expressed in 3/12 (25%) of the tumors. MYC was negative in all cases, and BCL2 was positive in 10/12 (83.3%) cases. Cytogenetic analysis revealed 5 cases that did not have rearrangements in either the MYC or the BCL2 gene. No association with Epstein-Barr virus was found. Seven of 11 patients received chemotherapy. The median survival time was 6 months. Patients with hemophagocytic syndrome had poor prognoses. Our study demonstrates that IVLBCL has a poor clinical outcome with a high frequency of bone marrow involvement and that the MYC gene may not play an important role in the poor prognosis of IVLBCL.
Cytological Features of Palisaded Mammary-Type Myofibroblastoma
Authors: Fabbri Viscardo P. , Damiani Stefania , Baccarini Paola , Saguatti Gianni , Cucchi Maria C. , Foschini Maria P.
Published: August 2016

Palisaded mammary-type myofibroblastoma is a rare variant of benign stromal spindle cell tumor whose histological features are well known. Nevertheless, no cytological features have been reported to date. In this article, we describe the cytological features of a case of palisaded mammary-type myofibroblastoma in which a preoperative fine needle aspirate was obtained. Smears were moderately cellular, characterized by clusters of spindle cells, disposed in a parallel fashion and immersed in myxoid background. Although the lesion is rare, it is worth distinguishing from benign and malignant spindle cell tumors.
Outcomes of Osteomyelitis in Patients Hospitalized With Diabetic Foot Infections
Authors: Wukich Dane K. , Hobizal Kimberlee B. , Sambenedetto Tresa L. , Kirby Kristin , Rosario Bedda L.
Published: August 2016

Background:

This study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of patients with diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) compared to diabetic foot soft tissue infections (STIs).

Methods:

229 patients who were hospitalized with foot infections were retrospectively reviewed, identifying 155 patients with DFO and 74 patients with STI. Primary outcomes evaluated were the rates of amputations and length of hospital stay. DFO was confirmed by the presence of positive bone culture and/or histopathology. Results: Patients with DFO had a 5.6 times higher likelihood of overall amputation ( P < .0001), a 3.4 times higher likelihood of major amputation ( P = .027) and a 4.2 times higher likelihood of minor amputation ( P < .0001) compared to patients without DFO. Major amputation was performed in 16.7% patients diagnosed with DFO and 5.3% of patients diagnosed with STI. Patients with DFO complicated by Charcot neuroarthropathy had a 7 times higher likelihood of undergoing major amputation (odds ratio 6.78, 95% confidence interval 2.70-17.01, P < .0001). The mean hospital stay was 7 days in DFO and 6 days in patients with DFI ( P = .0082). Patients with DFO had a higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (85 vs 71, P = .02) than patients with STI, however the differences in C-reactive protein (13.4 vs 11.8, P = .29) were not significantly different.

Conclusion:

In this study of moderate and severe DFIs, the presence of osteomyelitis resulted in a higher likelihood of amputation and longer hospital stay. Readers should recognize that the findings of this study may not be applicable to less severe cases of DFO that can be effectively managed in an outpatient setting.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective comparative case series.
Recombinant Factor VIIa–Mediated Activation of Prothrombin Complex Concentrates
Authors: Sadeghi Nasiredin , Iacobelli Massimo , Vaziri Behroz , Kahn Daniel , Hoppensteadt Debra , Guler Nil , Fareed Jawed
Published: August 2016

Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is used in the management of bleeding in patients with hemophilia. A generic biosimilar version of NovoSeven is also developed (AryoSeven). To compare the activation profile of NovoSeven and AryoSeven, 2 commercially available protein complex concentrates (PCCs) were used. Profilnine activated by RecombiPlasTin 2G resulted in conversions of prothrombin to prethrombin and thrombin at 5 to 30 minutes. However, addition of rFVIIa at final concentration range of 0.25 to 0.5 µg/mL to the same mixture resulted in total conversion of prothrombin to thrombin with a doublet at 36 kDa. Recombinant factor VIIa alone did not generate thrombin in native Beriplex, and the addition of rFVIIa to Beriplex failed to generate thrombin. Beriplex activated by RecombiPlasTin 2G resulted in complete conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. Both NovoSeven and AryoSeven exhibited similar activation profiles. These studies indicate that the activation of PCCs by both rFVIIa preparations results in comparable generation of thrombin.
Tackling Trafficking by Targeting Sex Buyers: Can It Work?
Authors: Niemi Johanna , Aaltonen Jussi
Published: August 2016

The European legal instruments on human trafficking encourage states to tackle the demand for services of trafficked persons, for example, by making the use of services of a trafficked person a criminal offense. In Finland, buying sex from a trafficked person is a criminal offense. This article reports the results of an evaluation of the Finnish law and shows that the implementation has been inefficient. The authors argue that with an amendment of the law, the implementation could be improved but a truly efficient policy would require a total ban of sex purchase along the lines of the Swedish model.
Predicting Sexual Assault Revictimization in a Longitudinal Sample of Women Survivors: Variation by Type of Assault
Authors: Relyea Mark , Ullman Sarah E.
Published: August 2016

This study used a large community sample of women sexual assault survivors to prospectively assess 17 theorized predictors across four types of sexual assault revictimization: unwanted contact, coercion, substance-involved assault (SIA), and force. Results indicated that predictors varied across types of revictimization: Unwanted contact and coercion appeared more common in social contexts more hostile toward survivors, whereas forcible assaults and SIAs occurred in circumstances where survivors were vulnerable to being targeted by perpetrators. Overall, the strongest predictors were social environments hostile to survivors, race, childhood sexual abuse, decreased refusal assertiveness, and having more sexual partners. We discuss implications for intervention and research.
Securing Frontline Employee Support After an Ethical Scandal
Authors: von Walter Benjamin , Wentzel Daniel , Tomczak Torsten
Published: August 2016

Although ethical scandals are a common phenomenon in the service industry, there is little research on the service-specific aspects of crisis management. In this research, we argue that frontline employees are of crucial importance after a scandal and examine how firms can secure the support of frontline employees following different kinds of scandals. Specifically, we demonstrate that corrective responses that address the internal causes of a scandal and ceremonial responses that guide attention to positive aspects unrelated to the scandal moderate the impact of different scandals on frontline employee support. Three experiments showed that frontline employee support was greater after scandals that involved a great rather than a small number of wrongdoers and after scandals that had been caused by high-ranking managers rather than low-ranking employees when a corrective response was implemented. In contrast, support was greater following scandals that had been committed by a few low-ranking employees rather than high-ranking managers when a ceremonial response was employed. These results have important implications by illustrating how companies can effectively restore frontline employee support following a scandal.
Mission impossible? The paradoxes of stretch goal setting
Authors: Pina e Cunha Miguel , Giustiniano Luca , Rego Arménio , Clegg Stewart
Published: August 2016

Stretch goal setting is a process involving multiple and nested paradoxes. The paradoxical side of stretch is attractive because it holds great promise yet dangerous because it triggers processes that are hard to control. Paradoxes are not readily managed by assuming a linear relation between the here and now and the intended future perfect. Before adopting stretch goal setting, managers should thus be prepared for the tensions and contradictions created by nested or interwoven paradoxes. Achieving stretch goals can be as difficult for the managers seeking to direct the process as for designated delegates. While the increasing popularity of stretch goal setting is understandable, its unexpected consequences must be taken into account. The inadequate use of stretch goals can jeopardize the social sustainability of organizations as well as their societal support systems.
It’s like a black woman’s Charlie Brown moment: An autoethnography of being diagnosed with lupus
Authors: Ferdinand Renata
Published: August 2016

This essay uses autoethnography to relate the experience of being diagnosed with lupus. By using my personal experiences and a discussion of illness and Black women’s health, I critically examine larger critical race issues of race, gender, and the social barriers to health care. Specifically, the essay focuses on the ways in which race impacts my experiences with the healthcare system, from my own insecurities of being stereotyped to the ways that doctors interact with me. The essay is framed by popular quotes from Charlie Brown because they help mediate the very personal experiences I am recounting.
Mechanical behavior of honeycomb lattices manufactured by investment casting for scaffolding applications
Authors: Puga H , Carneiro Vitor H , Correira P , Vieira V , Barbosa J , Meireles J
Published: August 2016

Lightweight metallic lattices in the form of honeycombs are long known to exhibit a good mechanical strength/weight relation, given their geometry and relative density, in comparison with bulk materials. Due to the current developments in additive manufacturing techniques, the production of honeycombs by investment casting is now easier and may be a competitive route when compared to welding and gluing of sheet metal. This study explores the importance of the manufacturing design when producing honeycombs by investment casting. It is shown by numerical simulation and experimental procedures that mold filling in directions where horizontal ribs are present may induce defects such as interdendritic porosities. These defects have a relevant role in the elastic domain of the lattices, decreasing the apparent Young’s modulus and the plastic collapse stress. In terms of energy absorption, it is shown that these porosities have no significant effect due to the fragile fracture of both casting directions.
A Solid Mass in the Chest Wall
Authors: Alagoz Selma , Yalin Serkan Feyyaz , Gulcicek Sibel , Ozgur Nurgul , Altiparmak Mehmet Riza , Seyahi Nurhan
Published: August 2016

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is one of the most common malignancies after kidney transplantation. Different clinical and histopathological forms of PTLD related to immunosuppression can be observed after organ transplantations. We report a 42-year-old woman who had undergone deceased donor renal transplantation with an unusual presentation of PTLD. The immunosuppressive treatment was discontinued and appropriate chemotherapy was started. However, the patient died despite this treatment. Different presentations of PTLD in transplant patients should also be kept in mind.
An Integrative Literature Review of Physical Activity Recommendations for Adult Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: O’Brien Tara , Hathaway Donna
Published: August 2016

Objective:

To establish the current state of knowledge regarding physical activity interventions for adult kidney transplant recipients.

Data Sources:

A comprehensive literature search was conducted for the years 2009 to 2015 using 5 electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Ovid, and ScienceDirect.

Data Extraction:

Of the 110 articles identified, only 6 met inclusion requirements. These studies were conducted between 2009 and 2015 and found that weight gain was reported most often within the first year of transplantation and that kidney transplant recipients desired early interventions to help them become more physically active.

Conclusion:

Further research is recommended to design age-appropriate physical activity interventions among this aging population living with a chronic condition known to have a high prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular disease.
Role of Sorafenib in Patients With Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Liver Transplantation
Authors: de’Angelis Nicola , Landi Filippo , Nencioni Marco , Palen Anais , Lahat Eylon , Salloum Chady , Compagnon Philippe , Lim Chetana , Costentin Charlotte , Calderaro Julien , Luciani Alain , Feray Cyrille , Azoulay Daniel
Published: August 2016

Context:

The management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) is challenging, especially if it is not treatable by surgery or embolization.

Objectives:

The present study aims to compare the survival rates of liver transplanted patients receiving sorafenib or best supportive care (BSC) for HCC recurrence not amenable to curative intent treatments.

Design:

This is a retrospective comparative study on a prospectively maintained database.

Participants:

Liver transplanted patients with untreatable HCC recurrence receiving BSC (n = 18) until 2007 or sorafenib (n = 15) thereafter were compared.

Results:

No group difference was observed for demographic characteristics at the time of transplantation and at the time of HCC recurrence. On the explant pathology of the native liver, 81.2% patients were classified within the Milan criteria, and 53.1% presented with microvascular invasion. Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence was diagnosed 17.8 months (standard deviation: 14.5) after LT, with 17 (53.1%) patients presenting with early recurrence (≤12 months). The 1-year survival from untreatable progression of HCC recurrence was 23.9% for the BSC and 60% for the sorafenib group ( P = .002). The type of treatment (sorafenib vs BSC) was the sole independent predictor of survival (hazard ratio: 2.98; 95% confidence interval: 1.09-8.1; P = .033). In the sorafenib group, 8 (53.3%) patients required dose reduction, and 2 (13.3%) patients discontinued the treatment due to intolerable side effects.

Conclusion:

Sorafenib improves survival and is superior to the BSC in cases of untreatable posttransplant hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence.
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase is Elevated in Ischemic Acute Tubular Necrosis but Not in Acute Rejection in Kidney Transplant Patients
Authors: Green Hefziba , Tobar Ana , Gafter-Gvili Anat , Leibovici Leonard , Klein Tirza , Rahamimov Ruth , Mor Eytan , Grossman Alon
Published: August 2016

Background:

Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels may help to distinguish ischemic acute tubular necrosis (ATN) from acute rejection after kidney transplantation.

Methods:

All kidney biopsies performed in the years 2010 to 2012 were reviewed. Serum LDH, creatinine level, clinical variables, and presence of donor-specific antibodies were recorded before the biopsy.

Results:

Overall 150 biopsies were included. Ischemic ATN was diagnosed in 45 biopsies and acute cellular-mediated rejection and/or antibody-mediated rejection in 59 biopsies, 38 of which were accompanied by ATN. Serum LDH was elevated in 23 (51%) of 45 cases with ischemic ATN versus 15 (14%) of 105 cases with other diagnoses ( P < .0001). Median serum LDH was 478 U/L (range 277-2018) for ischemic ATN and 372 U/L (range 191-748) for all other diagnoses ( P < .001). When delayed graft function or primary nonfunctioning grafts were caused by ischemic ATN, serum LDH was elevated in 58% of cases, but when caused by acute rejection, LDH was normal in 88% of cases ( P = .02).

Conclusions:

There is a strong association between elevated serum LDH 1 to 3 days before performing kidney biopsy and the diagnosis of ischemic ATN after kidney transplantation, especially at the immediate posttransplantation period. Normal serum LDH at this period should raise a suspicion of acute rejection.
Simple implementation of plain woven polypropylene fabric
Authors: Venter Martin P , Venter Gerhard
Published: August 2016

With increased utilisation of simple fabrics in technical engineering and manufacturing environments the need for suitable, easy to implement material representations in simulation software has increased. A simple implementation of plain woven polypropylene fabric for inflation simulation of dunnage bags is developed. Only standard finite element software packages and a simple material calibration protocol based on numerical optimisation were used to generate a homogenised material representation for the in-plane properties of plain woven polypropylene undergoing both loading and unloading. This is achieved by performing a simple material test that represents the in situ loading state of the material, measuring the applied load and material deformation in response to that load, and mapping that response to a simulation of the same test by means of an inverse problem statement. Following the proposed method, a material response model for plain wove polypropylene was developed that captures the major responses of a measured woven test specimen.
Evaluation of the Arthritis Foundation’s Camine Con Gusto Program for Hispanic Adults With Arthritis
Authors: Callahan Leigh F. , Rivadeneira Alfredo , Altpeter Mary , Vilen Leigha , Cleveland Rebecca J. , Sepulveda Victoria E. , Hackney Betsy , Reuland Daniel S. , Rojas Claudia
Published: August 2016

Introduction:

Camine Con Gusto ( CCG) is the Hispanic version of an evidence-based walking program for people with arthritis. This study examined CCG outcomes, feasibility, tolerability, safety, and acceptability and potential tailoring.

Method:

A pre and post 6-week evaluation was conducted in Hispanic people with arthritis. Outcomes included pain, stiffness, fatigue, functional capacity, helplessness, and self-efficacy. A formative evaluation with program participants and key stakeholders explored program tailoring.

Results:

Participants’ mean age was 46.9 years, 44.4% had a high school degree or less, 2.5% were born in United States, 60.1% spoke only Spanish, and 74.7% were female. Moderate effect sizes were found: 0.50 for pain, 0.75 for fatigue, 0.49 for stiffness, 0.33 for function, 0.26 for helplessness, and 0.24 for self-efficacy. There were 285 participants recruited with an 82% 6-week retention (feasibility), no adverse events were reported (safety), and 98% reported program satisfaction (acceptability). Recommended adaptations included simpler language, more pictures and content addressing nutrition and chronic conditions, shortened materials, and inclusion of motivational strategies.

Conclusion:

CCG showed improvement in outcomes in Hispanic individuals comparable to those noted in non-Hispanic White and Black individuals with arthritis.
Forgotten Origins, Occluded Meanings: Translation of Emotion Terms
Authors: Wassmann Claudia
Published: August 2016

The interdisciplinary field of emotion studies disregarded historical perspectives on translation and left out a substantial body of scientific research on feelings and emotions that was not published in English. Yet these texts were foundational in forging the scientific concept of emotion in experimental psychology in the 19th century. The current approach to emotion science overlooks that translation issues occurred between three languages, German, French, and English, as physiological psychologists at the time were reading each other in these languages all the while writing about the same topics in their respective language. Historical perspectives are important to clarify the ambiguities of emotion terms and include non-Anglophone frameworks into current transdisciplinary debates.
Helicobacter pylori and gastric acid: an intimate and reciprocal relationship
Authors: Waldum Helge L. , Kleveland Per M. , Sørdal Øystein F.
Published: August 2016

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is the main cause of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. There are still unanswered questions related to the interaction between Hp and man, like what determines the susceptibility for the initial infection and the mechanisms for the carcinogenic effect. The initial infection seems to require a temporal gastric hypoacidity. For Hp to survive in the gastric mucous layer, some acidity is necessary. Hp itself is probably not directly carcinogenic. Only when inducing oxyntic mucosal inflammation and atrophy with hypoacidity, Hp predisposes for gastric cancer. Gastrin most likely plays a central role in the Hp pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer.
Endoscopic characteristics and usefulness of endoscopic dilatation of anastomotic stricture following pancreaticojejunostomy: case series and a review of the literature
Authors: Kida Akihiko , Shirota Yukihiro , Houdo Yuji , Wakabayashi Tokio
Published: August 2016

The incidence of pancreatitis induced by anastomotic stricture following pancreaticodigestive tract anastomosis as a late-onset adverse event has been reported to be 3% or lower, but some cases repeatedly relapse and are difficult to treat. Endoscopic identification and treatment of the anastomotic site are considered to be difficult, and only a small number of cases have been reported. We present three cases with recurrent pancreatitis induced by anastomotic stricture following pancreaticojejunostomy applied after pancreaticoduodenectomy. We successfully identified the anastomotic site and performed endoscopic dilatation of the anastomotic stricture, and pancreatitis has not recurred. We characterized endoscopic features of the anastomotic site, understanding of which is essential to identify the site, and investigated useful techniques to identify the site and perform cannulation for pancreatography. Furthermore, we showed the safety and usefulness of endoscopic dilatation for anastomotic stricture following pancreaticojejunostomy according to our three cases and a review of the literature.
Severe Babesia microti Infection in an Immunocompetent Host in Pennsylvania
Authors: Genda Jeffrey , Negron Elizabeth A. , Lotfipour Mona , Balabhadra Samyuktha , Desai Diana S. , Craft David W. , Katzman Michael
Published: August 2016

Babesiosis, due to infection by a tick-borne protozoan (predominantly Babesia microti in North America), is an emerging health risk that is expanding into new areas and may be unfamiliar to clinicians in locations not previously considered endemic. Manifestations of infection can range from asymptomatic to life threatening, with severe disease more likely in those who have had a splenectomy, are immunocompromised, have chronic medical conditions, or are over 50 years of age. In this article, we describe an elderly but otherwise healthy man from an area not generally considered endemic for babesiosis who presented with severe hemolysis, acute renal failure, and high-level Babesia microti parasitemia; serological results suggestive of possible coinfection by Borrelia burgdorferi (the agent of Lyme disease, which is carried by the same tick as is Babesia microti) also was found. This report highlights that severe babesiosis can occur in an apparently normal host and underscores the continued geographic expansion of this pathogen and the need for early recognition and therapy.
Employee silence in the context of unethical behavior at work: A commentary
Authors: Harlos Karen
Published: August 2016

This special issue of the German Journal of Human Resource Management reflects and reinforces the growing global interest in organizational studies of employee silence. Attention to this multidimensional concept has been steady since its introduction as the withholding of expressed evaluations of work circumstances to persons able to effect change with two initial dimensions - quiescent silence (fear and anger-based) and acquiescent silence (futility and resignation-based) - following unjust events (Pinder & Harlos, 2001). However, an unprecedented confluence of trends across law, justice, and governance worldwide underlies current strong concern about employee silence of ethical issues in organizations, including how we understand (un)ethical work behavior and protection for employees, organizations, and society. To sustain interest and impact, rigorous and relevant research is needed. This calls for intellectual diversity and open-mindedness to spur studies of employee silence while resisting paradigmatic isolation or privilege, concept proliferation and confusion, level-of-analysis slippage (e.g., equating employee silence with organizational silence), and other challenges. Advancing employee silence-ethics linkages depends on expanding theories using multiperspective, integrative approaches and testing models that span social, cognitive, and emotional elements in processes of silence. Better knowledge of employee silence promises a more healthy and motivated workforce, more successful and sustainable organizations, and more vibrant and engaged societies.
Disclosure of adverse outcomes in medicine: A questionnaire study on voice intention and behaviour of physicians in Germany, Japan and the USA
Authors: Loewenbrück Kai F , Wach Dominika , Müller Sandrine R , Youngner Stuart J , Burant Christopher J
Published: August 2016

This study contributes to a better understanding of the determinants of voice expressed by physicians in different cultural settings. Voice, captured as disclosure of adverse outcomes and medical errors, is regarded as important for the reduction of the high rate of adverse events in medicine as compared to other high-risk professions. Within a cross-sectional, cross-cultural questionnaire study we explored the impact of selected individual, situational and organisational determinants for disclosure intention, and the behaviour of 251 physicians at three university hospitals in Germany, Japan and the USA. We found disclosure intention to be the lowest in Japan, while no cross-cultural differences existed for disclosure behaviour. Logistic regression analyses showed that culture moderated the effect of disclosure intention on behaviour. Only in Japan was disclosure behaviour a function of the level of disclosure intention. A written mistake disclosure policy encouraged voice behaviour, while internal attribution of medical errors and paternalism discouraged it.
Using observational research methods to study voice and silence in organizations
Authors: Meinecke Annika L , Klonek Florian E , Kauffeld Simone
Published: August 2016

The current article offers a behaviour-based perspective on employee voice and silence in organizations. Specifically, we outline two observational approaches to study the dynamics of voice and silence in real time: coding of voice behaviour using a behavioural instrument, and behavioural rating scales. In an exemplary study, we sampled repeated measurements of voice and silence behaviour based on videotaped supervisor–subordinate interactions during annual appraisal interviews. Both approaches provided insights into temporal processes of silence and voice. At the conversational event level, behavioural coding revealed significant sequential patterns between supervisor behaviour and subordinate voice. Findings showed that supervisors’ listening behaviour played a central role in stimulating subordinate voice at the event level of conversational conduct, whereas discussing the subordinates’ past performing, sharing knowledge and procedural statements had the opposite effect and were significantly less likely to initiate subordinate voice. Finally, our results indicated better reliabilities for voice in contrast to silence when observer ratings were used. We discuss strengths and limitations of both approaches and outline how they complement traditional survey measures. Moreover, we provide recommendations for steering more effective appraisal interviews.
It takes two to tango: The interactive effect of authentic leadership and organizational identification on employee silence intentions
Authors: Monzani Lucas , Braun Stephan , van Dick Rolf
Published: August 2016

Organizational silence is a state of affairs in which employees refrain from voicing problematic issues at work. It often results from the dilemma between considering the short-term interests of the leader, who might perceive voicing problems as disloyal, and the long-term interests of the organization, which might suffer severe costs because of silence. In this article we propose a theoretical model that bridges authentic leadership and organizational identification to test their joint effect on organizational silence responses (exit, loyalty and neglect). Based on previous work, we hypothesized that authentic leadership is positively related to employees’ loyalty (a passive yet constructive response). However, in dilemmatic situations this effect should be buffered by a high organizational identification (as a result of conflicting loyalties). Similarly, in such situations, we predicted that the influence of authentic leadership on employees’ destructive responses may be counter-productive if not matched with a high organizational identification. We tested our proposed model with an online vignette study that involved 458 employees from German-speaking countries from diverse work sectors. We used a realistic scenario comprising a dilemmatic situation, in which a decision between voice and silence had to be made. Our results partially support the hypotheses. Implications for management and future research directions are discussed.
The Potential for CEUS to Detect Segmental Renal Allograft Infarction
Authors: Araújo Nordeval Cavalcante , Suassuna José Hermógenes Rocco
Published: August 2016

This case study provides a report on a patient who had a segmental renal allograft infarction. The cause of this infarction within the segmental vessels was theorized to be due to prolonged warm ischemia within the organ donor. The area of infarction was visualized by the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). This report raises the question as to whether routine sonographic imaging can demonstrated the sequence of infarction within a fresh renal allograft, as is routinely noted in native kidneys. This report highlights the importance of taking the segmental infarction into consideration when approaching the renal allograft recipient. CEUS could provide an important clinical application for the diagnosis of renal allograft infarctions and avoid more invasive procedures. Knowledge of the lack of sequence of sonographic changes in renal allograft infarction helps in assessing the function and outcomes of renal allograft recipients.
Regulation of Vegf signaling by natural and synthetic ligands
Authors: Rossi Andrea , Gauvrit Sebastien , Marass Michele , Pan Luyuan , Moens Cecilia B. , Stainier Didier Y. R.
Published: August 2016

The mechanisms that allow cells to bypass anti–vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) therapy remain poorly understood. Here we use zebrafish to investigate this question and first show that vegfaa mutants display a severe vascular phenotype that can surprisingly be rescued to viability by vegfaa messenger RNA injections at the 1-cell stage. Using vegfaa mutants as an in vivo test tube, we found that zebrafish Vegfbb, Vegfd, and Pgfb can also rescue these animals to viability. Taking advantage of a new vegfr1 tyrosine kinase–deficient mutant, we determined that Pgfb rescues vegfaa mutants via Vegfr1. Altogether, these data reveal potential resistance routes against current anti-VEGFA therapies. In order to circumvent this resistance, we engineered and validated new dominant negative Vegfa molecules that by trapping Vegf family members can block vascular development. Thus, our results show that Vegfbb, Vegfd, and Pgfb can sustain vascular development in the absence of VegfA, and our newly engineered Vegf molecules expand the toolbox for basic research and antiangiogenic therapy.
The tumor as an organ: comprehensive spatial and temporal modeling of the tumor and its microenvironment
Authors: Bloch Naamah , Harel David
Published: August 2016

Background

Research related to cancer is vast, and continues in earnest in many directions. Due to the complexity of cancer, a better understanding of tumor growth dynamics can be gleaned from a dynamic computational model. We present a comprehensive, fully executable, spatial and temporal 3D computational model of the development of a cancerous tumor together with its environment.

Results

The model was created using Statecharts, which were then connected to an interactive animation front-end that we developed especially for this work, making it possible to visualize on the fly the on-going events of the system’s execution, as well as the effect of various input parameters. We were thus able to gain a better understanding of, e.g., how different amounts or thresholds of oxygen and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) affect the progression of the tumor. We found that the tumor has a critical turning point, where it either dies or recovers. If minimum conditions are met at that time, it eventually develops into a full, active, growing tumor, regardless of the actual amount; otherwise it dies.

Conclusions

This brings us to the conclusion that the tumor is in fact a very robust system: changing initial values of VEGF and oxygen can increase the time it takes to become fully developed, but will not necessarily completely eliminate it.
The origins of the Selden map of China: scientific analysis of the painting materials and techniques using a holistic approach
Authors: Kogou Sotiria , Neate Sarah , Coveney Clare , Miles Amanda , Boocock David , Burgio Lucia , Cheung Chi Shing , Liang Haida
Published: August 2016

Since the ‘rediscovery’ of the Selden map of China, an early seventeenth century map of Asia, in the Bodleian Library in Oxford, the importance of the map in our understanding of globalisation in the early seventeenth century has been recognised. One of the unresolved questions is the origin of the map. This paper addresses the question through material evidence provided by a holistic approach using a suite of complementary analytical techniques. The map was examined in situ and non-invasively by a remote spectral imaging instrument (PRISMS) modified for close range imaging, which was followed by a range of complementary techniques applied to a number of detached fragments, though most of the techniques are non-invasive and can be applied to the map directly in the future. The binding medium was found to be a gum, almost certainly gum Arabic, rather than the animal glue commonly used in Chinese paintings. Some of the pigments and their usage were found to be at odds with the common practice in paintings from China. The detection of gum Arabic, a binding medium used by the Europeans, South and West Asians and the use of a mixture of orpiment and indigo, commonly found in European, South and West Asian paintings gives further evidence on the unusual origins of this map. The likely detection of a basic copper chloride, such as atacamite, in the green areas suggests an influence from the South and West Asian rather than the European tradition. Detailed analysis of the various spectral bands of the spectral image cube along with visual inspection of the large scale colour image showed that the map was not fully planned at the beginning but rather painted in stages, at times by trial and error and that it was unfinished. A new hypothesis for the origin of the Selden map in Aceh Sumatra is proposed based on the new evidences.
Permanent draft genome of strain ESFC-1: ecological genomics of a newly discovered lineage of filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacteria
Authors: Everroad R. Craig , Stuart Rhona K. , Bebout Brad M. , Detweiler Angela M. , Lee Jackson Z. , Woebken Dagmar , Prufert-Bebout Leslie , Pett-Ridge Jennifer
Published: August 2016

The nonheterocystous filamentous cyanobacterium, strain ESFC-1, is a recently described member of the order Oscillatoriales within the Cyanobacteria. ESFC-1 has been shown to be a major diazotroph in the intertidal microbial mat system at Elkhorn Slough, CA, USA. Based on phylogenetic analyses of the 16S RNA gene, ESFC-1 appears to belong to a unique, genus-level divergence; the draft genome sequence of this strain has now been determined. Here we report features of this genome as they relate to the ecological functions and capabilities of strain ESFC-1. The 5,632,035 bp genome sequence encodes 4914 protein-coding genes and 92 RNA genes. One striking feature of this cyanobacterium is the apparent lack of either uptake or bi-directional hydrogenases typically expected within a diazotroph. Additionally, a large genomic island is found that contains numerous low GC-content genes and genes related to extracellular polysaccharide production and cell wall synthesis and maintenance.
The diagnostic and prognostic value of systems biology research in major traumatic and thermal injury: a review
Authors: Hazeldine Jon , Hampson Peter , Lord Janet M.
Published: August 2016

As secondary complications remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality amongst hospitalised trauma patients, the need to develop novel approaches by which to identify patients at risk of adverse outcome is becoming increasingly important. Centred on the idea that patients who experience “poor” outcome post trauma elicit a response to injury that is distinct from those who experience “good” outcome, tailored therapeutics is an emerging concept aimed at improving current treatment regimens by promoting patient-specific therapies. Making use of recent advancements in the fields of genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, numerous groups have undertaken a systems-based approach to analysing the acute immune and inflammatory response to major traumatic and thermal injury in an attempt to uncover a single or combination of biomarkers that can identify patients at risk of adverse outcome. Early results are encouraging, with all three approaches capable of discriminating patients with “good” outcome from those who develop nosocomial infections, sepsis and multiple organ failure, with differences apparent in blood samples acquired as early as 2 h post injury. In particular, genomic data is proving to be highly informative, identifying patients at risk of “poor” outcome with a higher degree of sensitivity and specificity than statistical models built upon data obtained from existing anatomical and physiological scoring systems. Here, focussing predominantly upon human-based research, we provide an overview of the findings of studies that have investigated the immune and inflammatory response to major traumatic and thermal injury at the genomic, protein and metabolite level, and consider both the diagnostic and prognostic potential of these approaches.
National and International Guidelines for Patient Blood Management in Obstetrics: A Qualitative Review
Authors: Shaylor Ruth , Weiniger Carolyn F. , Austin Naola , Tzabazis Alexander , Shander Aryeh , Goodnough Lawrence T. , Butwick Alexander J.
Published: August 2016

In developed countries, rates of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) requiring transfusion have been increasing. As a result, anesthesiologists are being increasingly called upon to assist with the management of patients with severe PPH. First responders, including anesthesiologists, may adopt Patient Blood Management (PBM) recommendations of national societies or other agencies. However, it is unclear whether national and international obstetric societies’ PPH guidelines account for contemporary PBM practices. We performed a qualitative review of PBM recommendations published by the following national obstetric societies and international groups: the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, United Kingdom; The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; The Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada; an interdisciplinary group of experts from Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, an international multidisciplinary consensus group, and the French College of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians. We also reviewed a PPH bundle, published by The National Partnership for Maternal Safety. On the basis of our review, we identified important differences in national and international societies’ recommendations for transfusion and PBM. In the light of PBM advances in the nonobstetric setting, obstetric societies should determine the applicability of these recommendations in the obstetric setting. Partnerships among medical, obstetric, and anesthetic societies may also help standardize transfusion and PBM guidelines in obstetrics.
Living in Dose: Nuclear Work and the Politics of Permissible Exposure
Authors: Cram Shannon
Published: August 2016

This article explores the politics of permissible exposure for US nuclear workers. I argue that despite recent efforts to improve regulations for occupational radiation protection, the federal government has been unable to solve the fundamental paradox of nuclear safety: that some level of exposure is unavoidable when working with nuclear materials and that any level of exposure comes with an associated biological risk. In short, injury is an operational necessity of nuclear industry. Thus nuclear safety can never mean total protection for workers—it can only ever be the level of exposure that has been deemed acceptable relative to the benefits of radiation. In this article, I trace the historical development and daily life of this cost-benefit calculus. I consider how acceptable risk frames exposure as integral to economic development and national security, normalizing nuclear injury as an unfortunate, yet necessary, part of modern life and work.
Saskia Sassen: Interviewed by Shamus Khan
Authors: Sassen Saskia , Khan Shamus
Published: August 2016

Shamus Khan talks with Saskia Sassen about some of her most influential book projects, from The Mobility of Labor and Capital and The Global City to her recent publication, Expulsions: Brutality and Complexity in the Global Economy. Reading these texts together and in light of current issues, their conversation touches on topics such as how migration relates to political and economic processes, the continuously shifting landscape of global cities, and how complex systems change.
Extorted Life: Protection Rackets in Guatemala City
Authors: Fontes Anthony W.
Published: August 2016

Extortion is the most common of crimes in Central America today and the most despised. As a growing criminal phenomenon, it exemplifies trends prevalent across post–Cold War Latin America as well as other parts of the world. In many societies, the “democratic wave” and the triumph of market fundamentalism has been accompanied by deepening uncertainty: the state has become criminal, criminals counterfeit the state. For those caught in the middle, distinguishing between predator and protector is often impossible. Proliferating protection rackets are both a symptom of and answer to collective anxieties over the terms of everyday survival and the difficulty of determining just who is in charge. This essay is an ethnography of extorted life, mapping the expanding geographies of extortion in postwar Guatemala to illuminate how this cold-blooded business organizes life at the most intimate of scales.
Repressentations of Displacement from the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Fiddian-Qasmiyeh Elena
Published: August 2016

This article draws on research with and about refugees from across the Middle East and North Africa and examines the current Syrian refugee crisis through the tropes of visibility and invisibility. Adopting a deconstructive framework, it purposefully centralizes what has previously been assigned a peripheral position throughout the ever-expanding “archive of knowledge” (following Foucault) vis-à-vis particular refugee situations and critically interrogates how, why, and with what effect only certain bodies, identity markers, and models of humanitarian response become hypervisible in the European public sphere. The article starts by tracing the roles of visibility and invisibility in constituting the “ideal refugee” (and the concomitant figure of the “a-refugee”), before turning to refugee-refugee humanitarianism as an invisible form of Southern-led (rather than Northern-led or Northern-dominated) responses to displacement from Syria.
Ten-Step Minimally Invasive Spine Lumbar Decompression and Dural Repair Through Tubular Retractors
Authors: Boukebir Mohamed Abdelatif , Berlin Connor David , Navarro-Ramirez Rodrigo , Heiland Tim , Schöller Karsten , Rawanduzy Cameron , Kirnaz Sertaç , Jada Ajit , Härtl Roger
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive spine (MIS) surgery utilizing tubular retractors has become an increasingly popular approach for decompression in the lumbar spine. However, a better understanding of appropriate indications, efficacious surgical techniques, limitations, and complication management is required to effectively teach the procedure and to facilitate the learning curve.

OBJECTIVE: To describe our experience and recommendations regarding tubular surgery for lumbar disc herniations, foraminal compression with unilateral radiculopathy, lumbar spinal stenosis, synovial cysts, and dural repair.

METHODS: We reviewed our experience between 2008 and 2014 to develop a step-by-step description of the surgical techniques and complication management, including dural repair through tubes, for the 4 lumbar pathologies of highest frequency. We provide additional supplementary videos for dural tear repair, laminotomy for bilateral decompression, and synovial cyst resection.

RESULTS: Our overview and complementary materials document the key technical details to maximize the success of the 4 MIS surgical techniques. The review of our experience in 331 patients reveals technical feasibility as well as satisfying clinical results, with no postoperative complications associated with cerebrospinal fluid leaks, 1 infection, and 17 instances (5.1%) of delayed fusion.

CONCLUSION: MIS surgery through tubular retractors is a safe and effective alternative to traditional open or microsurgical techniques for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease. Adherence to strict microsurgical techniques will allow the surgeon to effectively address bilateral pathology while preserving stability and minimizing complications.
Inovação no setor público e evolução dos modelos de administração pública: o caso do TRE-SC
Authors: Klumb Rosangela , Hoffmann Micheline Gaia
Published: August 2016

Este estudo enfoca o campo de inovação no setor público e suas conexões com a evolução dos modelos de administração pública. O objetivo é identificar, caracterizar e classificar as inovações ocorridas no Tribunal Regional Eleitoral de Santa Catarina entre 2008 e 2012. Caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso descritivo-avaliativo, de abordagem qualitativa. Utilizou-se a pesquisa documental como instrumento de coleta de dados. Como resultado, verificou-se que foram implementadas 38 inovações no período, predominando inovações de processo tecnológico, com destaque para inovações com abrangência interna, focadas na organização e no aprimoramento dos processos internos do TRE-SC. Inovações em serviços e auxiliares vieram em segundo e terceiro planos. Uma análise dos resultados sob a ótica da evolução dos modelos de Administração Pública corrobora achados de estudos internacionais ao indicar que os princípios do Novo Serviço Público e da Nova Governança Pública estão presentes de forma ainda incipiente nas inovações realizadas no TRE-SC no período.