bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comment naît un « ouvrage de référence » ?
Authors: Marpeau Benoit
Published: August 2024

L’Histoire de la France rurale des Éditions du Seuil, vaste ouvrage collectif des Éditions du Seuil dirigé par Georges Duby et publié en 1975-1977, a connu un succès à la fois commercial, universitaire et éditorial. Il s’enracine dans la conjonction de multiples facteurs que les éditeurs ont su concilier et combiner et dans une conjoncture médiatique particulière où la place de la télévision est importante. L’empreinte du livre dans la production historique du Seuil est dès lors à souligner.
Les ouvrages mathématiques d’Élie Vinet
Authors: Rommevaux-Tani Sabine
Published: August 2024

Élie Vinet est une figure de l’humanisme, enseignant au collège de Guyenne à Bordeaux, bien connu pour ses ouvrages historiques (notamment son histoire des villes de Saintes, Angoulême et Bordeaux), ses traductions d’auteurs classiques, mais surtout son édition du poète Ausone. Ce que l’on sait moins, c’est qu’il a publié entre 1543 et 1575 plusieurs ouvrages de mathématiques, en latin et en français. Certains ont été plusieurs fois réédités (les ouvrages d’astronomie en particulier, ainsi que son ouvrage en français de géométrie pratique), preuve de leur succès à la Renaissance, et au-delà pour l’astronomie. Nous nous proposons de donner un aperçu de la production mathématique de Vinet, en tentant d’en dégager les enjeux pour un enseignant à la Renaissance.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) AND NURSE ANXIETY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Rahmini Juwi Athia
Published: August 2024

Latar belakang: Kecemasan dirasakan perawat  adalah rasa takut yang samar-samar yang disertai oleh perasaan ketidak pastian, ketidak berdayaan, isolasi, dan ketidak amanan saat melakukan asuhan keperawatan pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Perawat dalam melaksanakan asuhan keperawatan memerlukan Alat pelindung diri  sebagai penghalang terhadap penetrasi zat, partikel padat, cair, atau udara untuk melindungi diri dari cedera atau penyebaran penyakit.Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan standar Alat Pelindung Diri terhadap kecemasan perawat. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan design penelitian studi kausal – komparatif yaitu non-eksperimental (ex post facto). Metode sampling yang digunakan yaitu Non-probability sampling dengan  pendekatan  consecutive  sampling  dengan  jumlah  sampel  90 responden  yang  menggunakan lembar cheklist kelengkapan APD, observasi dan kuesioner Hamilton AnxietyRating Scale (HAM-A) dan data diolah dengan menggunakan uji post hoc test. Hasil: Perawat mayoritas mengalami kecemasan ringan sebanyak 27 orang (30%). Penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan mean yang signifikan (p value> 0,05) yang berarti tidak terdapat pengaruh pada standar APD terhadap kecemasan perawat. Saran: Pemerintah melalui kebijakan di Rumah Sakit diharapkan melakukan intervensi dan evaluasi terhadap kecemasan perawat dan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kecemasan perawat seperti penyediaan layanan konsultasi perlu dilakukan secara efektif.
Campus-Based Tracking and Monitoring System
Authors: MELANIE L. BREGABIEL , CRISTINA D. SANTIA
Published: August 2024

Visitors can pose potential risks to the safety of school children, necessitating the enhancement of visitor and personnel management protocols by school administrators. In order to address these challenges, a Campus-based tracking and monitoring system incorporating QR Code technology has been proposed for Carlos Hilado Memorial State College-Fortune Towne Campus. This system, which includes a web-based interface and Android application, is designed to manage, monitor, and secure the entry of individuals on campus. It features capabilities for data storage, retrieval, archiving, report generation, and real-time tracking of campus activities. By utilizing QR codes, the system captures and stores individual data efficiently, enabling future tracking and identification of specific individuals when needed. The transition to an automated system aims to reduce reliance on paper documents, minimize errors, and enhance the efficiency of staff operations. The study evaluates the system’s effectiveness and user acceptability across several criteria: Functional Suitability, Performance Efficiency, Compatibility, Usability, Reliability, Security, Maintainability, and Portability. According to the ISO 25010 standard for Systems and Software Engineering, which assesses Systems and Software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE), the system received an "Excellent" rating. This rating confirms that the Campus-based tracking and monitoring system with QR Code is well-suited for implementation at the campus.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, MOTIVASI KERJA DAN PENGAWASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT ASIA KARET SENTOSA MEDAN
Authors: Amadi Jam'an
Published: August 2024

This research aims to examine the influence of organizational culture, work motivation and work supervision on the performance of PT Asia Karet Sentosa Medan employees. The research method uses quantitative descriptive. The analysis model used is a regression analysis model. The research results show that organizational culture influences employee performance. Likewise, work motivation influences employee performance. Work supervision also influences the performance of PT Asia Karet Sentosa Medan employees. Simultaneously, organizational culture, work motivation and work supervision influence the performance of PT Asia Karet Sentosa Medan employees.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEBIJAKAN MONETER DENGAN INFLASI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nova Nova
Published: August 2024

This research aims to examine the relationship between monetary policy and inflation in Indonesia. The research method uses quantitative descriptive. The analysis model used is a vector autoregressive model. The research results show that the money supply has no long-term effect on inflation in Indonesia. The exchange rate has a long-term effect on inflation in Indonesia. Interest rates have no long-term effect on inflation in Indonesia.
Woody Plants of Ulu Muda Forest Reserve Kedah, Malaysia
Authors: RAHMAD Zakaria , ROSAZLINA Rusly , AKOMOLAFE Gbenga Festus
Published: August 2024

The woody plants species inventory and diversity of primary, old secondary and secondary forest patches of Ulu Muda Forest Reserve (UMFR), Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia were assessed in this study. This was done to understand the current status of the forest towards ensuring proper conservation plans. Plants with diameter at breast height of not less than 10 were identified and enumerated within 10m radius (both left and right) of a 1500m transect laid at each site. Two hundred and thirty-five (235) plant species belonging to 56 families and 144 genera were enumerated in all the sites. The percentage composition of lianas (14.53%) was found to be very minimal to tree species (76.49%) which denotes the health status of the forest. Polyalthia jenkensii, Spondias cytherea and Intsia palembanica were the most common plants in the three sites. The Shannon diversity index of all the sites was observed to be greater than 2, which shows the high diverse nature of the forest despite some past disturbances. The old secondary forest patch was reported to have recuperated over the years due to its highest diversity indices.
Enhancing Test Automation with Deep Learning: Techniques, Challenges and Future Prospects
Authors: Ale Narendar Kumar
Published: August 2024

Test automation is crucial for maintaining software quality and efficiency, especially in today's fast-paced development environments. Deep learning, a subset of machine learning, offers promising advancements in automating complex testing processes. This paper explores various techniques of integrating deep learning into test automation, identifies the challenges faced, and discusses the prospects of this technology in enhancing software testing efficiency and effectiveness. Detailed case studies, future prospects, and comprehensive literature reviews are included to provide a thorough understanding of the subject.
Authors: Susandini Aprilina , Adiyanto Mochamad Reza
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the condition of the capital market after the announcement of Covid-19 in Indonesia, namely by comparing stock prices and stock trading volumes before and after the report of Covid-19 by the government in all publicly traded companies. In addition, this study analyzes how stock prices and stock trading volumes are after the Covid-19 announcement. This type of research is quantitative. This research is also included in a comparative study by comparing stock prices and stock trading volumes. The population in this study are all companies that go public on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique is purposive sampling wherein determining the sample based on the registered criteria in the period February and March 2020. The number of samples in this study was 679 companies consisting of 11 sectors. The type of data in this study is quantitative sourced from secondary data obtained through the website www.IDX.co.id. The data analysis technique in this research is descriptive statistical analysis first. Then the normality test was carried out using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and then a different test using a non-parametric test, namely the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, because the data were not normally distributed. The results showed significant differences in the price and trading volume of shares of companies that went public on the Indonesia Stock Exchange before and after the announcement of Covid-19 in Indonesia.
Ethical Biographies: Product Provenance and the Pursuit of Ethical Consumption
Authors: Weaver Todd , Ellen Pam Scholder , Curasi Carolyn
Published: August 2024

Research on ethical consumption suggests consumers are motivated to consume products consistent with their moral identity. We use interpretive methods and identity theory as our lens to explore how consumers evaluate the ethicality of products during the purchase process. Our findings suggest the possibility that when informants shop, they try to determine the ethical biographies of products in order to purchase products that are consistent with their own moral identities. Ethical biographies of products consist of associations about the processes, resources, people, and places involved with a product’s provenance. However, our informants report that ethical biographies can create tensions among competing consumer values and identities, thereby necessitating the use of coping strategies and heuristics. This exploratory research contributes to research on ethical consumption by introducing the concept of ethical product biographies, by indicating a possible role of ethical product biographies in consumers’ ethical consumption decisions, and by suggesting a partial explanation for the oft-noted “attitude-behavior gap” in ethical consumption. Our findings can help guide future research that seeks to better understand how consumers attempt to make ethical consumption choices, thereby aiding marketers and policy makers interested in promoting ethical consumption.
Refractive surgery to correct visual impairments in 267 children with autism spectrum and related neuro-developmental disorders: improvements in vision and behavior
Authors: Reynolds Margaret , Faron Nicholas , Hoekel James , Tychsen Lawrence
Published: August 2024

Background: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have impaired vision owing to high refractive errors and aversion to spectacles or contact lenses. Visual blurring is caused by near-sighted myopia, far-sighted hyperopia, or astigmatism in one or both eyes. Refractive surgery can restore sharp vision and eliminate the need for spectacles and contact lenses. Restoration of sharp vision may improve ASD behavior. We aimed to determine the refractive outcomes in this cohort using ophthalmic measures and behavioral and school performance alterations after refractive surgery by employing parent–proxy reports.
Methods: This interventional, retrospective case series included data from 267 children with refractive errors and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) diagnosed as ASD alone or NDD with ASD-like behaviors over a 15-year period. One of three refractive surgery methods was employed, with the choice of method uniquely tailored to the child’s eye anatomy. Laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) was performed in 131 children, implantation of a phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) in 115 children, and removal of the crystalline lens and implantation of an intraocular lens (refractive lens exchange, RLE) in 21 children. All procedures were performed under brief general anesthesia, with the child returning home on the same day.
Results: The median age at surgery was 10.9 years and the median follow-up period was 3.1 years. Pre-operative refractive errors ranged from a mean (standard deviation) +7.5 (0.09) D to -14.3 (4.8) D. Surgery corrected 87% of the children to normal focal length (± 1 D). Visual acuity improved an average of 0.6 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, the equivalent of 6 lines on a standard eye chart. Change in visual acuity was significant (all P < 0.01) between baseline and the most recent follow-up examination in each of subgroups. Change in spherical equivalent refractive error at 3, 12, 24, 36, 60, and > 60 months post-operatively were significant (all P < 0.01) between baseline and each follow-up visit in each of subgroups. Social interactions and ASD behaviors improved in 72% (192) of the treated children (P < 0.01). The incidence of sight-threatening complications was low.
Conclusions: Refractive surgery improves both visual function and behavior in most children with ASD and major myopia, hyperopia, or astigmatism. The PRK, pIOL, and RLE procedures appear to be effective and reasonably safe methods for improving refractive error, visual acuity, and behavior in many ametropic children with ASD and ASD-like NDDs.
Cataract surgery in retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Karti Omer , Saatci Ali Osman
Published: August 2024

Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal dystrophy characterized by progressive vision loss due to photoreceptor degeneration. Complicated cataract formation, particularly posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC), frequently occurs in RP and exacerbates the visual impairment. Cataract surgery may improve vision; however, the distinctive challenges of RP require specific considerations. This mini-review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the RP-related cataract.
Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted via PubMed/MEDLINE, spanning the period from January 1976 to June 2024, using the keywords “cataract,” “cataract surgery,” “cystoid macular edema,” “hereditary retinal dystrophy,” “retinitis pigmentosa,” “posterior subcapsular cataract,” “posterior capsular opacification,” “zonular weakness,” and “artificial intelligence.” We aimed to evaluate cataract surgery in patients with RP, focusing on cataract formation, its surgical management, postoperative complications, patient follow-up, and visual outcomes. Relevant review articles, clinical trials, and case reports with related reference lists of these articles were included.
Results: A total of 53 articles were examined in detail, including those identified through focused keyword searches and the reference lists of these articles. Cataract surgery in patients with RP generally results in substantial visual improvement. However, surgery can be complicated, particularly by zonular weakness and subluxation of the crystalline lens. These risks can be reduced by using capsular tension rings and employing meticulous surgical technique. Furthermore, postoperative complications, such as cystoid macular edema and posterior capsular opacification, are common. Despite these challenges, regular postoperative follow-up and appropriate management can help mitigate complications. Integrity of the ellipsoid zone and external limiting membrane on preoperative optical coherence tomographic examination are the main predictors of visual outcomes following cataract surgery; however, outcomes can vary. Though many patients experience significant visual improvement, some may experience limited benefits due to pre-existing advanced retinal degeneration.
Conclusions: Cataract surgery may offer meaningful visual benefits in patients with RP; however, careful preoperative evaluation and meticulous surgical technique are required to address the possible challenges. Attentive postoperative care and follow-up are essential to optimize visual outcomes. Early surgical intervention can significantly improve the quality of life in selected candidates, and tailored approaches are necessary in patients with RP requiring cataract surgery. Further studies on the potential application of artificial intelligence to monitor postoperative recovery and detect complications may improve surgical outcomes and enhance patient care.
Challenges and opportunities for upgrading the avocado value chain in East Africa
Authors: Lutta Alphayo , Kehbila Anderson , Sitati Cynthia , Majani Sunguti Elizabeth , Suljada Timothy , Osano Philip
Published: August 2024

This report highlights the challenges and opportunities for enhancing sustainability in the avocado value chain in East Africa, focusing on export to the EU.
The Influence of School Curriculum Support Materials on Academic Self-Concept of Pupils in Primary Schools in Informal Settlements in Kibra Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Gatundu Grace Wandia
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the influence of curriculum support materials on pupils' academic self-concept in primary schools located in informal settlements in Kibra sub-county, Nairobi County, Kenya. Self Determination Theory guided this research. The study employed a survey research design. The target population comprised 138 head teachers, 203 teacher counsellors, and 9536 learners in Class VII, totaling 9877 respondents, from which a sample of 385 respondents was determined using Yamane’s formula. Questionnaires were used to collect data from learners in Class VII, as were interview guides for head teachers and teacher-counsellors. Piloting was conducted among 38 respondents from primary schools in informal settlements in Kibra sub-county to establish validity and reliability. The opinions of educational psychology professionals were used to confirm the study's validity. The split-half method was used to calculate reliability, and the reliability coefficient (r = 0.728; p<0.05) at the 0.05 level of significance revealed a high degree of internal dependability. The findings indicated that there was a significant statistical relationship between curriculum support materials and academic self-concept of r=0.539, p=0.002<0.05. The study concluded that levels of pupils’ academic self-concept in primary schools in informal settlements can be enhanced through provision of curriculum support materials. The Ministry of Education should enforce a policy that all schools in informal settlements should comply with standards for child-friendly school environment. The main beneficiaries of this study will be learners in the primary schools in the informal settlements when the policy makers improve in the provision of curriculum support materials hence their academic self-concept will be enhanced.
Can large-scale tree cover change negate climate change impacts on future water availability?
Authors: Engel Freek , Hoek van Dijke Anne J. , Roebroek Caspar T. J. , Benedict Imme
Published: August 2024

Abstract. The availability of fresh water over land may become increasingly scarce under climate change, and natural and human-induced tree cover changes can further enhance or negate the water scarcity. Previous studies showed that global tree cover change can have large impacts on water availability under current climate conditions, but did not touch upon the implications of global tree cover change under climate change. Here, we study the hydrological impacts of large-scale tree cover change (climate-induced changes in combination with large-scale afforestation) in a future climate (SSP3-7.0) following an interdisciplinary approach. By combining data from five CMIP6 climate models with a future potential tree cover dataset, six Budyko models, and the UTrack moisture recycling dataset, we can disentangle the impacts of climate change and future tree cover change on evaporation, precipitation, and runoff. We quantify per grid cell and for five selected river basins (Yukon, Mississippi, Amazon, Danube, and Murray-Darling) if tree cover changes enhance or counteract the climate-driven changes in runoff due to their impact on evapotranspiration and moisture recycling. Globally averaged, the impacts of climate change and large-scale tree cover change on runoff are of similar magnitude with opposite signs. While climate change increases the global runoff, the changing tree cover reverses this effect which overall results in a limited net impact on runoff relative to the present climate and current tree cover. Nevertheless, locally the change in runoff due to tree cover change and climate change can be substantial with increases and decreases of more than 100 mm yr-1. We show that for approximately 16 % of the land surface, tree cover change can increase the water availability significantly. However, we also find that, for 14 % of the land surface, both tree cover change and climate change might decrease water availability with more than 5 mm yr-1. For each of the selected catchments, the direction and magnitude of the impacts of climate change and tree cover change vary, with dominating climate change impacts in all basins except the Mississippi River basin. Our results show that ecosystem restoration projects targeting an altered tree cover should consider the corresponding hydrological impacts to limit unwanted (non-)local reductions in water availability.
Brief Communication: Monitoring snow depth using small, cheap, and easy-to-deploy snow-ground interface temperature sensors
Authors: Bachand Claire L. , Wang Chen , Dafflon Baptiste , Thomas Lauren , Shirley Ian , Maebius Sarah , Iversen Colleen M. , Bennett Katrina E.
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Temporally continuous snow depth estimates are vital for understanding changing snow patterns and impacts on permafrost in the Arctic. We train a random forest machine learning model to predict snow depth from variability in snow-ground interface temperature. The model performed well on Alaska’s Seward Peninsula where it was trained, and at pan-Arctic evaluation sites (RMSE 0.15 m). Small temperature sensors are cheap and easy-to-deploy, so this technique enables spatially distributed and temporally continuous snowpack monitoring to an extent previously infeasible.
Baseline Climate Variables for Earth System Modelling
Authors: Juckes Martin , Taylor Karl E. , Antonio Fabrizio , Brayshaw David , Buontempo Carlo , Cao Jian , Durack Paul J. , Kawamiya Michio , Kim Hyungjun , Lovato Tomas , Mackallah Chloe , Mizielinski Matthew , Nuzzo Alessandra , Stockhause Martina , Visioni Daniele , Walton Jeremy , Turner Briony , O’Rourke Eleanor , Dingley Beth
Published: August 2024

Abstract. The Baseline Climate Variables for Earth System Modelling (ESM-BCVs) are defined as a list of 132 variables which have high utility for the evaluation and exploitation of climate simulations. The list reflects the most heavily used elements of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) archive. Successive phases of CMIP have supported strong results in science and substantial influence in international climate policy formulation. This paper responds both to interest in exploiting CMIP data standards in a broader range of climate modelling activities and a need to achieve greater clarity about the significance and intention of variables in the CMIP Data Request. As Earth System Modelling (ESM) archives grow in scale and complexity there are emerging problems associated with weak standardisation at the variable collection level. That is, there are good standards covering how specific variables should be archived, but this paper fills a gap in the standardisation of which variables should be archived. The ESM-BCV list is intended as a resource for ESM Model INtercomparison Projects (MIPs) developing requests to enable greater consistency among MIPs, and as a reference for modelling centres to enhance consistency within MIPs. Provisional planning for the CMIP7 Data Request exploits the ESM-BCVs as a core element. The baseline variables list includes 98 variables which have modest or minor data volume footprints and could be generated systematically when simulations are produced and archived for exploitation by the WCRP community. A further 34 variables are classed as high volume and are only suitable for production when the resource implications are justified.
Ideas and perspectives: Research on ecosystem-atmosphere interactions in Asia: early career researcher opinion
Authors: Lee Sung-Ching , Lee Hojin , Satriawan Tin
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Due to a growing recognition of the need to study how ecosystems and the atmosphere interact with each other, many regional networks as well as the global network of regional networks, FLUXNET, were formed. Since 1999, when the AsiaFlux network was established, scientists in the region have been measuring the flux densities of energy, water vapor, and greenhouse gas exchanges to better evaluate ecosystem-atmosphere interactions and understand their underlying mechanisms. The network includes natural and managed ecosystems that span broad climatic and ecological gradients, as well as experience diverse management practices and disturbances. In this ideas and perspectives paper, from the view of early career researchers (ECRs), we synthesize key research foci in this network in recent years, with a focus on the latest AsiaFlux conferences, and highlight selected key discoveries. While achieving significant milestones, ECRs argue that the community should work together to emphasize the importance of long-term observations, rejuvenate the network’s shared and open-access database, and actively engage with stakeholders. With many unique ecosystem types in the Asian region, efforts and expertise from AsiaFlux can provide critical insights into the roles of climate change, extreme weather events, soil properties, vegetation physiology and structure, and management practices on the breathing of the biosphere. In closing, we hope this ideas and perspectives paper can inspire the future generation of flux scientists in Asia and promote exchanges between scientists across different cultures and career stages.
Statistical estimation of probable maximum precipitation
Authors: Martin Anne , Fournier Elyse , Jalbert Jonathan
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Civil engineers design infrastructures exposed to hydrometeorological hazards, such as hydroelectric dams, using the estimation of probable maximum precipitation (PMP). The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) defines PMP as the maximum amount of water that can physically accumulate over a given time period and region, depending on the season and without considering long-term climate trends. Current methods for calculating PMP have many flaws: some variables used are not directly observable and require a series of approximations to be used; uncertainty is not always taken into account and can sometimes be complex to determine; climate change, which exacerbates extreme precipitation events, is difficult to incorporate into the calculations and subjective choices increases estimation variability. The goal of this work is to propose a statistical and objective method for estimating PMP that meets the WMO definition and allows for uncertainty estimation and climate change incorporation. This novel approach leverages the Pearson Type I distribution, a generalization of the Beta distribution over an arbitrary interval. The proposed method is applied to estimate the PMP at two meteorological stations in Québec, Canada.
The Application of Machine Learning Algorithms to the Global Forecast of Temperature-Humidity Index with High Temporal Resolution
Authors: Georgiades Pantelis , Economou Theo , Proestos Yiannis , Araya Jose , Lelieveld Jos , Neira Marco
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Climate change poses a significant threat to agriculture, with potential impacts on food security, economic stability, and human livelihoods. Dairy cattle, a crucial component of the livestock sector, are particularly vulnerable to heat stress, which can adversely affect milk production, immune function, feed intake, and in extreme cases, lead to mortality. The Temperature Humidity Index (THI) is a widely used metric to quantify the combined effects of temperature and humidity on cattle. However, most studies estimate THI using daily-level data, which fails to capture the full extent of daily thermal load and cumulative heat stress, especially during nights when cooling is inadequate. To address this limitation, we developed a machine learning approach to temporally downscale daily climate data to hourly THI values. Utilizing historical ERA5 reanalysis data, we trained an XGBoost model and generated hourly THI datasets for 12 NEX-GDDP-CMIP6 climate models under two emission scenarios (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) extending to the end of the century. This high-resolution THI data provides a more accurate assessment of heat stress in dairy cattle, enabling better predictions and management strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change on this vital agricultural sector.
Research on clock synchronization method of marine controlled source electromagnetic transmitter base on coaxial cable
Authors: Ren Zhibin , Wang Meng , Chen Kai , Wang Chentao , Yu Runfeng
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Marine controlled source electromagnetic (MCSEM) method is widely used to reveal the electrical structure of shallow media below the seafloor. It is an indispensable geophysical means in the exploration of marine oil and gas exploration, natural gas hydrates and seafloor geological structures. The transmitter and receiver in electromagnetic detection equipment need to maintain a high temporal consistency, usually using high-stability pulse-per-second (PPS) generated by GPS or BeiDou navigation modules as a synchronization signal. Coaxial cable is a widely used tow cable, so it is necessary to design a clock synchronization method of marine controlled source electromagnetic transmitter using coaxial cable. This paper proposes a method for synchronizing the internal clocks of the transmitter with PPS using ship-borne power supply when coaxial cable is used as tow cable. In this method, the ship-borne high-power supply outputs a high-voltage AC signal that is synchronized with the 400 Hz signal output from GPS; the coaxial cable transmits AC high power electrical energy and control commands; the AC signal transmitted via the coaxial cable is converted into a stable and continuous 1 Hz signal by step-down, waveform shaping and frequency division for synchronizing the internal time pulses of the transmitter. The test result shows that the 1 Hz signal obtained by this method has a deviation of about 504 ns relative to the PPS. This deviation meets the need of MCSEM transmitter for clock synchronization.
Presentation, Calibration and Testing of the DCESS II Earth System Model of Intermediate Complexity (version 1.0)
Authors: Fernández Esteban , Shaffer Gary
Published: August 2024

Abstract. A new, Earth System Model of Intermediate Complexity, DCESS II, is presented that builds upon, improves and extends the Danish Center for Earth System Science (DCESS) Earth System model (DCESS I). DCESS II has considerably greater spatial resolution than DCESS I while retaining the fine, 100 m vertical resolution in the ocean. It contains modules for the atmosphere, ocean, ocean sediment, land biosphere and lithosphere and is designed to deal with global change simulations on scales of years to millions of years while using limited computational resources. Tracers of the atmospheric module are temperature, nitrous oxide, methane (12,13C isotopes), carbon dioxide (12,13,14C isotopes) and atmospheric oxygen. For the ocean module, tracers are conservative temperature, absolute salinity, water 18O, phosphate, dissolved inorganic carbon (12,13,14C isotopes), alkalinity and dissolved oxygen. Furthermore, the ocean module considers simplified dynamical schemes for large-scale meridional circulation and sea-ice dynamics, stratification-dependent vertical diffusion, a gravity current approach to the formation of Antarctic Bottom Water and improvements in ocean biogeochemistry. DCESS II has two hemispheres with six zonal-averaged atmospheric boxes and twelve ocean boxes distributed across the Indian-Pacific, the Atlantic, the Arctic and the Southern Oceans. A new, extended land biosphere scheme is implemented that considers three different vegetation types whereby net primary production depends on sunlight and atmospheric carbon dioxide. The ocean sediment and lithosphere model formulations are adopted from DCESS I but now applied to the multiple ocean and land regions of the new model. A model calibration was carried out for the pre-industrial climate and model steady-state solutions were compared against available modern-day observations. For the most part, calibration results agree well with observed data, included excellent agreement with ocean carbon species. This serves to demonstrate model utility for dealing with the global carbon cycle. Finally, two idealized experiments were carried out in order to explore model performance. First, we forced the model by varying Ekman transport out of the model Southern Ocean, mimicking the effect of Southern Hemisphere westerly wind variations and second, we imposed freshwater melting pulses from the Antarctic ice sheet on to the model Southern Ocean shelf. Changes in ocean circulation and in the global carbon cycle found in these experiments are reasonable and agree with results for much more complex models. Thus, we find DCESS II to be a useful and computational-friendly tool for simulations of past climates as well as for future Earth System projections.
Technical note: Investigating the potential for smartphone-based monitoring of evapotranspiration and land surface energy-balance partitioning
Authors: Teuling Adriaan J. , Holthuis Belle , Lammers Jasper F. D.
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Evapotranspiration plays a key role in the terrestrial water cycle, climate extremes, and vegetation functioning. However, the understanding of spatio-temporal variability of evapotranspiration is limited by a lack of measurement techniques that are low cost and that can be applied anywhere at any time. Here we investigate the estimation of evapotranspiration and land surface energy-balance partitioning by only using observations made by smartphone sensors. Individual variables known to effect evapotranspiration as measured by smartphone sensors generally showed a high correlation with routine observations during a multiday field test. In combination with a simple multivariate regression model fitted on observed evapotranspiration, the smartphone observations had a mean RMSE of 0.10 and 0.05 mm h−1 during validation against lysimeter and eddy covariance observations, respectively. This is comparable to an error of 0.08 mm h−1 that is associated with estimating the eddy covariance ET from the lysimeter or vice versa. The results suggests that smartphone-based ET monitoring could provide a realistic and low-cost alternative for real-time ET estimation in the field.
Unidad de Pago por Captación e insatisfacción con el sistema de salud: caracterización espacial de Medellín
Authors: López Correa Juliana , Pamplona Londoño Sara , Díez-Echavarría Luisa
Published: August 2024

En este estudio se utiliza la información de la Encuesta de Calidad de Vida para segmentar la población de Medellín según las características que determinan la satisfacción sobre el sistema de salud. La segmentación, mediante el algoritmo k-prototypes, tiene en cuenta los posibles cambios en el espacio según las comunas y corregimientos del municipio, y cambios en el tiempo a través de los años 2011 a 2019. Se obtuvo que la población se puede segmentar en dos grupos, pero ambos insatisfechos con el sistema de salud. Además, la mejoría socioeconómica, los altos valores de primas de riesgo de Unidad de Pago por Captación UPC (UPC) entregados a las Entidades Promotoras de Salud (EPS). y la disponibilidad física de puntos de prestación de servicios de salud no lleva a la satisfacción de los afiliados, ni mucho menos a una mejoría del estado de salud percibido.
Caracterización de las condiciones atmosféricas en la captación de agua de niebla en Tillandsial del Cerro Oyarbide en la Cordillera de la Costa, Desierto de Atacama, Región de Tarapacá
Authors: Abarca Paredes Francisco Andrés
Published: August 2024

Este estudio se proyecta como una investigación experimental basada en la integración de un método de registros de presencia de niebla, el sistema de monitoreo óptico llamado GOFOS y datos meteorológicos de dos estaciones climáticas que incluyen la colección de agua de niebla a través de neblinómetros (SFC). Se caracterizaron eventos de niebla ocurridos entre los meses de agosto a octubre de 2019. Se identificó para el área de estudio que la niebla tiene mayor presencia nocturna y matinal y que la mayor frecuencia ocurrió en el mes de octubre durante la primavera. Se observaron divergencias entre los registros de presencia de niebla GOFOS y la colección de agua a través de los SFC para todos los meses del estudio, reconociendo que el registro de observaciones ópticas posee una mayor presencia de niebla por sobre el registro de colecta de agua, estableciendo con ello que en ocasiones la presencia de niebla no representa colecta de agua de niebla.
Desploblación y periurbanización en la Alcarria
Authors: Luis Santos Juan , Fernández Fernández María Teresa , Blázquez Alberto
Published: August 2024

Se investigan los factores que influyen en el despoblamiento y la periurbanización en áreas rurales, seleccionando una región homogénea con 191 municipios. Se analizan los cambios poblacionales de largo plazo mediante modelos de regresión basados en datos censales. Se evalúa el impacto de la población inicial, la proximidad a grandes ciudades, autopistas, centrales nucleares y la altitud. Los resultados indican que el despoblamiento se inició en 1910, fue significativo entre 1950 y 1981, y ha vuelto a aumentar en la última década, afectando de manera similar a localidades de distintos tamaños. La periurbanización empezó en 1950, intensificándose hasta 2011, y ha disminuido recientemente. La cercanía a infraestructuras de transporte no ha sido significativa desde 1970, y las centrales nucleares tampoco tienen un impacto elevado. La altitud afecta negativamente la densidad de población, pero no al despoblamiento desde mediados del siglo pasado.
MOENDA SUCROALCOOLEIRA: em 3D no Minecraft
Authors: Galatti Alves Carolina , Rodrigues Kethilin Kauane , Ospedal Paulo César , Dionisio Vieira Raul Gabriel , De Cassia Vieira Rita
Published: August 2024

A moenda sucroalcooleira é um equipamento essencial no processo de extração do caldo da cana-de-açúcar para a produção de etanol. Composta por rolos compressores que aplicam pressão sobre os colmos da cana, a moenda desempenha um papel crucial na liberação do caldo que será posteriormente processado em etanol. Saber como funciona este equipamento essencial para a produção de biocombustíveis é imprescindível dentro do curso de Biocombustíveis e  contribui significativamente para a formação de profissionais capacitados para atuar na indústria sucroalcooleira e em outras áreas relacionadas à produção de energia sustentável. A incorporação de tecnologias digitais no processo educacional tem se mostrado uma abordagem eficaz para engajar os alunos e facilitar a compreensão de conceitos complexos. Entre essas tecnologias, os jogos digitais destacam-se por sua capacidade de criar ambientes de aprendizagem interativos e motivadores. Neste contexto, o uso do Minecraft como ferramenta educacional tem ganhado destaque devido ao seu potencial para simular processos industriais e promover a aprendizagem de maneira lúdica e prática. O presente trabalho descreve o desenvolvimento de uma maquete de uma moenda sucroalcooleira utilizando o jogo Minecraft. O objetivo principal foi analisar a viabilidade e eficácia do uso deste ambiente virtual como plataforma de ensino, no contexto acadêmico. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o uso de jogos digitais na educação e a aplicação do Minecraft em atividades pedagógicas. Em seguida, foram detalhados os materiais e métodos utilizados na criação da maquete, incluindo a seleção de blocos, a modelagem 3D e a integração de mecanismos de funcionamento da moenda. Os resultados mostraram que o uso do Minecraft como ferramenta educacional permitiu uma maior interação dos alunos com os conceitos de engenharia de processos e biocombustíveis. Conclui-se que essa abordagem pode contribuir significativamente para o ensino de disciplinas técnicas, estimulando o interesse dos estudantes e facilitando a compreensão de conteúdos complexos.
Rancang Bangun Smart Green House Pada Budidaya Tanaman Kangkung Berbasis IoT (Internet of Things)
Authors: Nisa Maulidatun , Mustofa Ahmad , Millah Ibrahim Saiful , Nailah Fadlilatin
Published: August 2024

Membudidayakan tanaman kangkung tergolong jenis sayuran yang sangat populer dalam masyarakat, budidaya kangkung darat sangat mudah karena sayuran ini bersiklus panen cepat dan relative tahan hama, Permintaan pasar juga bertambah setiap tahun seiring dengan semakin banyaknya penggunaan kangkung. Agar membudidayakan tanaman kangkung dengan mudah di Green House maka diperlukan metode penerapan teknologi Smart Green House yang dilengkapi dengan Internet of Things (IoT) dimana dengan metode ini penyiraman tanaman dan pengatur suhu ruangan di Green House dapat dilakukan secara otomatis berdasarkan kelembapan tanah dan suhu ruangan Green House, penyiraman dilakukan ketika kelembapan tanah dibawah 40% dan penyiraman akan dihentikan ketika kelembapan tanah lebih dari 40% batas kelembapan tanah yang baik untuk tanaman kangkung yaitu dibawah 75%. Untuk suhu ruangan diatas 32°C suhu ruangan panas maka pendingin ruangan menyala dan ketika suhu ruangan dibawah 25°C maka pemanas ruangan menyala, data pembacaan sensor tersebut dapat di monitoring melalui blynk. Berdasarkan hasil akhir, untuk tanaman kangkung yang di budidaya pada dalam Green House lebih bagus di bandindingkan dengan tanaman kangkung yang di budidaya pada luar Green House, berdasarkan dari jumlah daun selisih daun yang ditanam pada masing-masing media yaitu selisih 2-3 daun, tinggi tanaman kangkung yang dibudiaya pada Green House selisih sekitar 10-11 cm dengan budiaya diluar Green House, serta total hari pada pertumbuhan kangkung juga berbeda, dimana kangkung yang dibudidaya pada Green House lebih cepat di bandingkan dengan tanaman kangkung yang dibudidaya secara konvensional.
Circulating Non-Esterified Free Fatty Acids in Bangladeshi Patients with Type-2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Halder Esita , Chandra Paul Nidhan , Kumar Banjerjee Probir
Published: August 2024

Background and Objectives: Free fatty acids (FFA) significantly influence the relationship between obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Elevated plasma FFA levels, common in obese individuals, inhibit insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in muscle tissue, indicating peripheral insulin resistance. This study examines the levels of non-esterified free fatty acids (NEFAs) in type 2 diabetes patients in Bangladesh to understand their role in the disease and inform management and treatment strategies.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 134 participants were involved: 100 had previously been diagnosed with type-2 diabetes and 34 served as a non-diabetic control group. Among the diabetic individuals, 60% were newly diagnosed with type-2 diabetes mellitus, 28% had been previously treated but had uncontrolled diabetes, and 11% had been treated and had controlled diabetes and 0.75% had gestational diabetes. The sample included 42.5% males and 57.5% females. Sociodemographic and health data, including BMI, hypertension, cardiovascular history, and lifestyle habits, were collected through questionnaires. Blood pressure was measured per ACC/AHA guidelines. Blood samples were analyzed for glucose, NEFA, and lipid profiles using automated analyzers. NEFA estimation followed specific reagent procedures, while lipid profiling assessed total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides per ADA guidelines. Data were analyzed using Excel and SPSS, with significance set at p<0.05.
Results: NEFA levels were significantly higher in diabetic patients (647 µM/L) compared to healthy controls (331.5 µM/L). Significant associations were found between NEFA levels, insulin resistance, and diabetes. Controlled diabetics had lower NEFA levels than uncontrolled ones. Lifestyle factors like work hours and exercise habits correlated with NEFA levels, highlighting their importance in diabetes management.
Conclusion: Elevated NEFA levels are common among diabetic patients in Bangladesh, influenced by disease control status and lifestyle factors. Effective diabetes management requires comprehensive strategies targeting NEFA levels through medical and lifestyle interventions

Key words: Non-esterified free fatty acids (NEFAs), type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
Efficacy of ELDOA and Kendall Exercise on Posture, Pain and Functional Disability in Patient with Text Neck Syndrome: A Case Study
Authors: P Chaithanya , SE Samuel | , Khanal Unisha
Published: August 2024

Introduction: A number of musculoskeletal disorders have been associated with teenage smartphone use. As a result of bringing the head forward and out of its natural alignment with the spine and neck, the most obvious form of bad posture is forward head posture (FHP). ELDOA helps in maximizing facial and spinal stretching by adopting a particular position for one minute whereas Kendall exercises are highly specific, targeting particular muscle groups and joint movements by enhancing their existing mobility and function.
Objective: The objective of this research is to determine if the ELDOA and Kendall exercises alleviate symptoms of text neck syndrome in a 23-year-old male patient by examining changes in posture, discomfort, and functional impairment.
Materials and methods: In order to gauge functional impairment, discomfort, and posture, a smartphone app was used (NDI). ELDOA and Kendall exercise was given to subjects for 5 weeks, 3 sessional per week each with 10 repetitions and 3 sets.
Results: Following the intervention after 5 weeks, there was an increase of 7-8 degrees of CV angle after the treatment compared to its pre-test value whereas pain and functional disability showed improvement from moderate disability to mild disability in NDI scale.
Conclusion: Research on people suffering with text neck syndrome has shown that the ELDOA and Kendall exercises may help with posture, discomfort, and functional impairment.

Key words: Cranio-vertebral angle, ELDOA, Forward head posture (FHP), Kendall exercise, Text neck syndrome.
O discreto charme do direito burguês
Authors: Martorano Luciano C.
Published: August 2024

O livro organizado por Márcio Bilharinho Naves, O discreto charme do direito burguês: ensaios sobre Pachukanis, oferece a oportunidade de o público brasileiro aprofundar o conhecimento e o debate sobre a obra desse jurista russo, que é considerado por vários pesquisadores como autor da principal contribuição teórica do marxismo nesse campo. Além de contar com biografia e bibliografia, a coletânea se divide em mais três outras partes: na primeira, Silvia Alapanian, Alysson Leandro Mascaro e CelsoNaoto Kashiura Júnior apresentam as teses centrais de Pachukanis, concentrando-se em sua principal obra A teoria geral do direito e o marxismo, de 1924; na segunda, o leitor tem acesso a dois artigos, inéditos no Brasil, de Steve Redhead e de Roger Cotterrell, que levantam algumas críticas à análise de Pachukanis e procuram indicar alguns de seus limites, e às respectivas réplicas de Marcio Naves e de Celso Kashiura a esses autores; na terceira, publica-se um texto, também inédito no país, do próprio Pachukanis sobre o direito e o socialismo.