bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration of Port Dredged Sediments Into the Production of Fired Clay Bricks
Authors: Frar Ikram , Bakkali Houdaifa , Ammari Mohammed , Allal Laïla Ben
Published: July 2020

Bricks manufactured, based on dredged sediments extracted from Tangier and Larache ports in Morocco were investigated. Chemical, physical, geotechnical, mineralogical and environmental characterizations studies of ports dredged sediments were performed. Partial substitution of natural
clay by dredged sediments was achieved with different substitution rates by weight (20%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 70%) to manufacture brick samples at the laboratory scale. The compressive strength was the factor determining the optimal substitution rate of the natural clay. Compressive strength
values of fired bricks with different rates of sediments incorporated show that the manufactured bricks have mechanical characteristics relatively close to natural clay until 60% substitution for Larache port dredged sediment (SL) and until 50% for Tangier port dredged sediment (ST). The results
in this study confirm that dredged sediments from the ports of Tangier and Larache can be used as an alternative raw materials resource for the manufacturing of fired bricks.
Measurement and Quantification of Residential Solid Waste in a Metropolitan City of a Developing Country: Case Study in Four Selected Informal Settlements in Dar Es Salaam City, Tanzania
Authors: Kaseva Mengiseny , Wernstedt Kris , Kihila Jacob M.
Published: July 2020

This study has employed multiple techniques, including subjective and objective approaches, to augment existing information and data on household waste generation, generation rates, composition and waste management perceptions in informal settlements. Waste weight, volume and composition
data were obtained through one measurement study (n=80) and five surveys (n = 1,239). Additional information was obtained through physical observations and interviews. Results of this study revealed per-capita overall mean weight and volume to be 0.51 kg/day and 1.33 liters/day, respectively.
Relatively higher per-capita daily waste generation rates were observed in smaller households, suggesting a positive dependence of municipal solid waste generation rate on both household income and size. Generation high points were on Mondays, signifying that accumulation of waste is more
on Sundays perhaps because of shopping during weekends. Organic waste constituted the largest component (60.5% by weight), while e-waste constitute the least (0.4%). About 43% and 8% of the population have to store the waste for two to three weeks and for more than a month, respectively, before
delivery for collection by the local government and or the private sector. The study established existence of both extreme satisfaction and dissatisfaction with waste collection and significance of collection problems in the informal settlements.
The Impact of Board and Audit Characteristics on the Financial Performance of UAE Listed Firms
Authors: Khalifa H Abdulfattah Mohamed G , Natoli Riccardo , Zuhair Segu
Published: July 2020

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical insights on the impact of board and audit committee characteristics on the financial performance of United Arab Emirates (UAE) listed firms.Design/methodology/approach – A multiple regression panel model was employed for the period 2006 to 2015. The analysis incorporates Anderson Lagrange Multiplier test and Hausman test to determine if a fixed effects or random effects model should be employed.Findings – Our results demonstrated that board size and board meetings had a significant positive relationship with financial performance while there were also significant positive relationships between both audit committee composition and audit committee members’ education and firm financial performance.Research limitations/implications – The findings inform UAE firms about the benefits of employing directors with a more diverse skill set to enhance board effectiveness as well as having audit committee members hold a recognised qualification in finance or accounting to improve firm financial performance.Originality/value – Our study contributes to the CG literature by adding to the limited studies on CG in the UAE which help reduce the significant gap between foundation theories and practical applicability.
Barns deltagande i förskole- och daghemskontext under inledningen av coronavirusets utbrott i Finland och Sverige
Authors: Heikkilä Mia , Furu Ann-Christin , Hellman Anette , Lillvist Anne , Rantala Anna
Published: July 2020

Coronapandemin är en ny samhällskris som är sparsamt beforskad varför olika perspektiv på coronaviruset behövs. Denna artikel bidrar till att fördjupa kunskapen om barns uttryck om coronaviruset bland annat genom att analysera personalens beskrivningar av barns uttryck kring coronavirusets utbrott i Finland och Sverige i daghems- och förskolekontext i mars 2020. Det empiriska materialet består av 79 enkätsvar från personal i förskola och daghem. Begreppen deltagande och resiliens har använts som teoretisk bakgrund och dessa diskuteras i artikeln. Barnen visar på fyra olika former av deltagande i daghem och förskola. Artikeln bidrar till att sätta barns deltagande i relation till en samhällskris som coronapandemin samt visar på ett mångfacetterat deltagande. Resultatet av studien kan få implikationer både på förhållningssätt och arbetsmetoder i samband med kriser.
Personalets beskrivelser av medvirkning fortolket ut fra et fellesskapsperspektiv
Authors: Ree Marianne
Published: July 2020

Formålet med denne studien er å få kunnskaper om medvirkning i barnehagen med fokus på et fellesskapsperspektiv. Studien er basert på seks individuelle semistrukturerte intervjuer av personale i tre ulike barnehager. Forskningsspørsmålet i studien er: Hvilke vilkår for medvirkning trer frem gjennom personalets beskrivelser av medvirkning i barnehagens fellesskap? Analysen viser følgene vilkår for medvirkning i fellesskap: 1) Samhold 2) Barns initiativer og perspektiver 3) Aksept/toleranse for ulikhet 4) Barnehagens institusjonelle strukturer og regler. Intensjonene bak personalets handlinger var av betydning for en demokratisk orientering mot å skape vilkår for medvirkning i fellesskap.
Influence of production system and finishing feeding on meat quality of Rubia Gallega calves
Authors: Rodríguez-Vázquez Raquel , Pateiro Mirian , López-Pedrouso María , Gende Antonio , Crecente Santiago , Serrano Martina P. , González Jesús , Lorenzo José M. , Zapata Carlos , Franco Daniel
Published: July 2020

Aim of study: Beef quality is mainly affected by finishing feeding (FF) and production system (PS). The effects of PS (extensive, semi-extensive, traditional and intensive systems) and FF from Rubia Gallega calves were compared in terms of meat quality.Area of study: Galicia (NW Spain)Material and methods: Calves (n=10 per treatment) were slaughtered at nine months of age and meat samples were assessed in terms of meat quality attributes such as physicochemical, nutritional and sensory analysis performed by a trained panel.Main results: Meat chemical composition varied (p<0.01) with PS and FF. The semi-extensive system showed the lowest values (p<0.05) for cooking loss (22.8%) and for shear force (26.0 N) while the extensive system presented the lowest contents of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and the highest contents of linolenic acid (p<0.001). The SFA and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents varied with FF (p<0.05). The lowest and highest values for SFA and PUFA were displayed in extensive group finished with Pasture/Concentrate, meanwhile feedlot group finished with Concentrate/Straw showed and opposite trend. The n-6/n-3 ratio was lower than 4 for extensive and semi-extensive systems (p<0.001). In addition, tenderness and juiciness showed significant differences mainly due to FF.Research highlights: This study showed that meat of calves reared in extensive systems was the healthiest, regarding total fat and fatty acid composition. It can be concluded that finishing feeding, and PS affected meat quality. Hence the potential usefulness of these results is to improve meat quality and safety according to market demands.
Combatting the Imperativeness of Modernity in Students' Unrest: The Need to Decolonise the Minds through Ubuntu
Authors: Omodan Bunmi I
Published: July 2020

The trajectory of students' unrest in Nigeria universities has been linked to the underside of modernity. By responding to this, the study explores conditions necessary to decolonise the mindset of university authorities and students, against modernity as an offshoot of students' unrest. Ubuntu philosophy rationalised the study while Transformative Paradigm lensed the process with the use of Participatory Action Research design. The study involved ten co-researchers, three university management staff, three students' leaders, two security personnel and two university lecturers were selected using Convenient Sampling Technique. Focus Group Discussion was employed to generate data, and the data were subjected to Conversational Analysis to make sense of the data. Students' involvement in decision-making, democratic and facilitative leadership style, were found as tools to decolonise the space of students' unrest as an underside of modernity. The reconstruction of the university system against social unrest emanating from modernity becomes expedient through Ubuntu cum decoloniality.
Servant Leadership: Antecedent Factors, Impact, and Education Theories Used as Researcher's Perspective
Authors: Sawan Fransiskus , Suryadi Suryadi , Nurhattati Nurhattati
Published: July 2020

A comprehensive understanding of the antecedent factors, and the impact of servant leadership and also about the education theories used as a perspective are so essential for leaders and researchers. However, there is not enough information about it. This paper was made to fill this gap by using the literature review approach. It was done to 71 Scopus indexed articles, which were published in the 2015 – 2020. There are several results of the review, those are: (1) servant leadership is influenced by the emotional intelligence, self-efficacy, motivation to serve, non-calculative as one dimension of motivation-to-lead, and mindfulness; (2) servant leadership have an impact on 38 dependent variables in individual level and 16 dependent variables in the organizational level both directly and indirectly; (3) there are 31 theories, which are used as a researcher's perspective, and two between them, which are mostly used are the social exchange theory and social learning theory. The result of this research gives contribution, which enriches the theoretical scope of servant leadership. This academic contribution is for sure will be so beneficial for leaders who commit to developing the best potential owned by their staff for a better organization. The result of this research will also be essential for future researchers because it shows a state of the art and research gap about servant leadership.
Managing Lymphedema in Fracture Care: Current Concepts and Treatment Principles
Authors: Thomas Christopher , Le Jessica T. , Benson Emily
Published: July 2020

Lymphatic flow plays a notable role in the regulation of bone formation and remodeling. Chronic accumulation of the lymph fluid within tissues may lead to issues with proper bone healing after fractures, emphasizing the importance of proper management of lymphedema after trauma. Many associated risk factors place patients at risk for lymphedema, including previous surgery with nodal dissection, radiation therapy, infection, malignancy, family history of congenital lymphedema, and trauma. The benchmark imaging technique for the diagnosis of lymphedema is lymphoscintigraphy. Other modalities include duplex ultrasonography, CT, and MRI. First-line conservative treatment of lymphedema is compression. Complete decongestive therapy or complex physical therapy, also known as decongestive lymphatic therapy (DLT), has shown positive results in reducing lymphedema. Surgical interventions aim to either reconstruct and restore function of the lymphatic system or debulk and reduce tissues and fluids. Understanding the significance of lymphedema on bone healing and techniques available to recognize it are important factors in preventing delay in diagnosis and ensuring proper management of lymphedema after trauma.
El fútbol como herramienta pedagógica en la enseñanza de dirección de empresas
Authors: Gutiérrez Aragón Óscar , Vizoso Gómez Carmen María , Fondevila Gascón Joan Francesc , Berbel Giménez Gaspar
Published: July 2020

La implantación del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior ha puesto de relevancia la necesidad de que el profesorado universitario desarrolle y adopte nuevas formas de docencia que permitan a los alumnos acceder al aprendizaje de las asignaturas desde una nueva perspectiva didáctica. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar los efectos de la puesta en práctica de proyectos de innovación docente en el rendimiento académico en una muestra formada por 1.546 estudiantes de tres universidades y cuatro grados diferentes. Para ello se ha comparado el rendimiento de un grupo experimental, que realizó una actividad práctica que relacionaba el triunfo de la selección española de fútbol en el Mundial de Sudáfrica del año 2010 con la forma en que se ejecutan las principales funciones de la dirección de una empresa, con el rendimiento de un grupo control, que basó el mismo aprendizaje en la tradicional clase magistral. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el grupo experimental alcanzó un rendimiento académico superior al del grupo control. Por lo tanto, se concluye que el desarrollo y la implantación de este proyecto de innovación docente mejora el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes universitarios.
Use of 3D printing technology for planar antenna constructions
Authors: Czerwiński Maciej , Pasternak Mateusz
Published: July 2020

The applicability of 3D print technologies for manufacturing of planar antenna substrates
having tailored permittivity was considered in the work. The permittivity is known as a parameter
that has strong influence on the planar antennae key parameters. The application of 3D print gives
the possibility of changing this parameter in the range between its value for air up to the value for
homogeneous solid material. The change can be achieved through the change of the filament material
and the way of 3D print pattern. The preliminary results of simulations and measurements show
that the idea of printing of planar antennae substrate may be interesting alternative from a design
engineering point of view.
Keywords: electronic materials, planar antennae substrates, 3D print applications
A Critical Review of the Potential for Fly Ash Utilisation in Construction-Specific Applications in India
Authors: Rastogi Abhijit , Kumar Paul Virendra
Published: July 2020

In India, coal-fired power plants produce about 196 million tonnes of fly ash annually. The management of fly ash has thus been a matter of concern given the requirement of the large area of land for its disposal and potential of causing pollution of air and water. Various initiatives have been taken in the country to promote safe utilisation of fly ash. But despite these initiatives, the optimal utilisation is yet to be achieved. Most of the existing literature is related to forecasting the utilisation of fly ash in different modes and accordingly presents the promising applications, but the latent utilisation potential of applications is not yet explored. In this paper, the potential of fly ash utilisation in various construction-specific applications, i.e., cement, concrete, brick, and blocks, has been estimated through a simple framework. The study reveals that although cement is one of the most prominent applications where fly ash has been significantly utilised, it reached its threshold limit of utilisation. The scope of utilisation of fly ash in cement in the future is limited only to the extent of the rate of increase in cement consumption. The potential of fly ash utilisation in concrete is significantly higher, as the projected growth rate of ready-mix concrete (RMC) is moving upwards. However, this increased percentage of RMC will not impact much on overall fly ash utilisation as this will only balance out the share percentage of overall cement requirement. In this study, the bricks/blocks emerged out to be the application having a maximum consumption potential. This study further explores the reasons behind the sluggish performance of fly ash bricks and blocks in the market and suggests strategies for policy-level interventions that can accelerate the process of successful commercialisation.
The Analysis of EMAS Efficiency in Industrial Companies: A Case of Lithuania
Authors: Stasiškienė Žaneta , Anne Olga , Aleknavičiūtė Dovilė , Paulauskienė Tatjana , Viederytė Rasa , Abele Lilita
Published: July 2020

The contemporary progress in civilisation is combined with new scientific approaches, technological innovations and the huge and growing use of natural resources, which leads to their over-exploitation and, as a result, to their depletion. There is an opinion that without further regulation of economic growth and excessive harvesting of resources, the entire ecosystem of the Earth can be irreparably destroyed. The 2030 Agenda is based on the decoupling principle, which means that the economic growth of the manufacturing and service sectors must be faster than the consumption of natural resources and energy. To this end, countries around the world have developed and are still pursuing different environmental measures, such as regulations, laws and orders, taxes, etc. The most popular management systems in Europe are ISO 14001 and EMAS. The newest analyses reveal that a large number of companies that have received an EMAS certificate are not willing to renew their registration after some time and the reasons are not very clear yet. The article discusses the methods for environmental impact assessment, sustainable industry development and motivations for resources efficiency. The study of the selected three production companies operating in Lithuania and currently using a pollution prevention tool – the environmental management system – is presented and discussed aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of resources consumption.
The Application of a Proposed Risk Assessment Approach on Rock Failure Hazard on Manshiet Nasser District
Authors: Fakhri Abdel Monem Nahla Donia , Nabil Abdel Hamed Heba
Published: July 2020

Rock failure is one of the most geomorphological hazards that cause considerable damages in different regions every year. To effectively mitigate this hazard, new methodologies are needed to develop a better understanding of rock failure assessment and management. In recent years, risk analysis and assessment have become an important tool in addressing uncertainty. However, the all-embracing perspective of the notion of risk is not an easy task to undertake since it requires data availability at different scales and a multidisciplinary point of view. The research aims to analyse the factors causing the occurrence of rock failure by analysing hazard and vulnerability factors using a proposed risk assessment approach to be applied on Mansheit Nasser district. The research uses a quantitative analytical risk assessment methodology. The methodology used to assess the risk of rock failure in Mansheit Nasser district is to estimate the hazard (H) and the vulnerability (V). The risk is calculated by using equations mentioned in the research and the arc GIS programme to prepare maps. The equation is used to standardise the value of risk factors and unify their weights. The research concludes that the rock failure risk index (RFRI) determines the most vulnerable areas to rock failure in Manshiet Nasser to estimate the elements at risk (E).
Editorial
Authors: Author
Published: July 2020

Editorial
Widerstände gegen Agilität: Agiles Change Management als Erfolgsfaktor in Projekten der digitalen Transformation
Authors: Heidt Lukas , Gauger Felix , Wagner Benjamin , Pfnür Andreas
Published: July 2020

In times of digital transformation and dynamic change in corporate environments, the importance of agile project management is growing. This further affects the demand on change management and its contribution to project success. We conduct interviews with project participants of an agile project to identify the associated need for adaptation of change management. Change management criteria have to be adjusted, particularly in areas of communication and stakeholder management and integration into agile project management methods. Personal communication, individual stakeholder management, and participation are starting points for adapting and integrating change management into agile project management.
Agility as a Matter of Degree: An Empirical Study of the Determinants of Agility in Projects
Authors: Andresen Anine , Mohammad Shanga , Wald Andreas
Published: July 2020

Agile project management (APM) is supposed to facilitate the response to rapid changes in complex and dynamic environments by applying an iterative planning approach, close customer involvement, and self-organizing teams. The literature has often considered the choice between APM and traditional project management (TPM) as binary and equated the use of APM methods with the desired outcome, i.e. project agility. In this paper, we challenge the assumption of binarity of APM and TPM and focus on project agility as an outcome. We argue that project agility is a matter of degree and is influenced by internal and external determinants. Building on Qumer and Henderson-Sellers’ (2008) four-dimensional analysis tool (4-DAT) framework, we develop a set of hypotheses of the determinants of project agility that are tested empirically using a cross-industry sample of project managers in Nordic countries. In line with the existing literature, we find customer involvement, organizational culture, and less upfront project planning to be positively related to the degree of agility in projects. However, we do not find significant effects of team size and complexity of the environment.
Towards IT Peace Research: Challenges at the Intersection of Peace and Conflict Research and Computer Science
Authors: Reuter Christian
Published: July 2020

Advances in science and technology, including information technology (IT), play a crucial role in the context of peace and security. However, research on the intersection of peace and conflict research as well as computer science is not well established yet. This article highlights the need for further work in the area of research “IT peace research”, which includes both empirical research on the role of IT in peace and security, as well as technical research to design technologies and applications. Based on the elaboration of the disciplines, central challenges, such as insecurity, actors, attribution and laws, are outlined.
New Military Technologies: Dangers for International Security and Peace
Authors: Altmann Jürgen
Published: July 2020

New military technologies are being developed at a high pace, with the USA in the lead. Intended application areas are space weapons and ballistic missile defence, hypersonic missiles, autonomous weapon systems, and cyber war. Generic technologies include artificial intelligence, additive manufacturing, synthetic biology and gene editing, and soldier enhancement. Problems for international security and peace - arms races and destabilisation - will likely result from properties shared by several technologies: wider availability, easier access, smaller systems; shorter times for attack, warning and decisions; and conventional-nuclear entanglement. Preventive arms control is urgently needed.
Juristische, politische und ethische Dimensionen der Aufarbeitung des Völkermords an den Herero und Nama
Authors: Böcker Julia
Published: July 2020

Germany struggles to deal with its past colonial atrocities. From 1904 to 1908, the Empire has committed the first genocide of the 20th century in Africa; descendants of Herero and Nama in Namibia bear the consequences until today. Why full responsibility is still missing: the interdisciplinary approach identifies legal, political and ethical dimensions. The essential point is to recommend a political apology. If victim communities are included, this can be a powerful transitional justice tool even if the violence dates long back. With the return of art and human remains and with a remembrance culture, more instruments of conflict transformation are introduced.
To be or not to be? Lebensdynamiken internationaler Organisationen im Spannungsfeld von internationaler Autorität und nationalstaatlicher Souveränität
Authors: Hirschmann Gisela
Published: July 2020

Die Forschung zu internationalen Organisationen (IOs), die sich bisher überwiegend mit der Entstehung und dem Design von IOs beschäftigte, steht aufgrund des Brexits und der Ankündigung verschiedener Staaten aus dem Internationalen Strafgerichtshof auszutreten vor neuen Herausforderungen. Austritte von Mitgliedsstaaten sind nur eine Form von staatlichem Handeln, das die Autorität von IOs beeinträchtigt. Dieser Beitrag argumentiert, dass neben Austritten auch Budgetkürzungen, Personalblockaden, Mandatsbeschränkungen und die Verletzung zentraler Normen IOs unter Druck setzen. Die zentrale Frage hierbei ist, wie IOs selbst mit diesen Herausforderungen umgehen. Basierend auf Theorien der Multilateralismus- und der Organisationsforschung analysiert dieser Beitrag Nicht-Reaktion, Vermeiden von Aufmerksamkeit, Anpassung und Resilienz-Bildung. Diese Herausforderungen und Reaktionen werden anhand des historischen Beispiels des Völkerbundes illustriert. Abschließend werden mögliche Annahmen hinsichtlich des institutionellen Designs von IOs, der Art der Herausforderung, des Status des herausfordernden Staates und der Positionen der übrigen Mitgliedsstaaten diskutiert, um die Varianz in den Reaktionen von IOs zu erklären.
Damage Control in Hinchey III and IV Acute Diverticulitis
Authors: Ponchietti Luca , Bueno Vidales Néstor , A. Casamassima Andrea , Estrada Fernando Gallego , Garcea Alessandro , Gerogiannis Ioannis , López Alberto Lafita , Mariani Diego , Marin Casajús Olga , Marconi Matteo , Filipe Muralha Antunes Nuno , María Pradal Jarne Laura , Vera Bella Jorge , Yánez Benítez Carlos
Published: July 2020

Acute diverticulitis is one of the most common surgical causes of admission to Emergency Departments in Western Countries. Although most of the cases can be managed conservatively or electively, a number of them will require an emergency surgical treatment. Among these patients, an even smaller number of them will present with a full-blown catastrophic septic shock. These minorities of cases have accounted for a significant part of the overall mortality and morbidity of complicated acute diverticulitis itself. The implementation of Damage Control strategies has shown to be useful also in these septic catastrophes, where a profound derangement of physiology makes unsafe a classic approach. Damage Control, as we intend it, is not a surgical “technique.” A close collaboration between different specialties brought forth a strategy of treatment. The Surgeon, the Anesthetist, and the Intensivist are the three most involved specialists in the treatment of these cases. It is paramount for them to learn how to work side by side and in harmony, since the patients will benefit from each-one’s input in their care.
A New Model of Corporatism in States Governed by Populist Political Parties: The Cases of Poland and Hungary
Authors: Olejnik Maciej
Published: July 2020

Between 1945 and 2010 three main types of corporatism were discussed in the political science literature: the ‘classic’ and ‘lean’ corporatism that existed in the West European countries and the ‘illusory’ corporatism that dominated in Central and Eastern Europe after 1989. The aim of the paper is to examine whether a new version of corporatism, which I call ‘patronage’ corporatism, emerged in Hungary and Poland during the first term of the governments formed by populist political parties (in Hungary between 2010 and 2014 and in Poland between 2015 and 2019). In patronage corporatism the authorities autonomously conduct heterodox economic policy. They enter into alliances only with ideologically close trade unions. While their cronies legitimize authorities’ decisions at the governmental level vis-à-vis the citizens and at the international level, the government fulfils some of their socio-economic and organizational demands. Furthermore, the government cooperates with its allies to destroy other trade unions that are perceived as hostile towards the authorities. The paper shows that the capture of power by populist parties in Hungary and Poland led to the development of patronage corporatism in these countries.
Michal Kubát, Martin Mejstřík (eds.): Giovanni Sartori: Challenging Political Science
Authors: Kopeček Lubomír
Published: July 2020

Michal Kubát, Martin Mejstřík (eds.): GIOVANNI SARTORI: CHALLENGING POLITICAL SCIENCE. London – New York: Rowman & Littlefield / ECPR Press. 2019. 152 pages.
Ergonomia, design e gamificação como instrumentos para a educação
Authors: Domingos Filho César Augusto , Do Vale Marcelo Egídio Brasileiro , Silva Tiago Barros Pontes e , Lopes Francisco George de Sousa
Published: July 2020

O estudo busca compreender e transformar a interação entre professor e alunos no processo de aprendizagem de física na modalidade presencial de Ensino de Jovens e Adultos. Para tanto, foram adotadas as abordagens de ergonomia, design e gamificação para buscar um processo indutivo de diagnóstico e também uma solução que amplie o engajamento dos estudantes. Portanto, a partir da compreensão do seu contexto, suportes, constrangimentos, motivações e metas, foram concebidas soluções estruturais para a organização das atividades, assim como seus suportes em interfaces analógicas e digitais. Ao se adotar uma abordagem que considere a complexidade da realidade na atividade projetual, constatou-se uma maior aderência das soluções concebidas, demonstrando o seu potencial de transformação social, capaz de conectar indivíduos de maneira mais significativa.
Klumme: Putin har overspillet sin hånd
Authors: Ehrenreich Michael
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Sådan vil Danmark placere sig i EU
Authors: Lidegaard Martin
Published: July 2020

Valget til Europa-Parlamentet står for døren. Martin Lidegaards bidrag handler om  større dansk indflydelse i EU.
Højredrejning i den Europæiske Union
Authors: Østergaard Uffe
Published: July 2020

Uffe Østergaard om hvordan højrenationalistiske partier i hele Europa kommer til at påvirke det kommende EU-valg.
Anmeldelse:Antologi om Kinas sikkerhedspoltik
Authors: Skak Mette
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Bog noter
Authors: Sperling Vibeke
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Sprog i Danmark
Authors: Østergård Uffe
Published: July 2020

Verdenshavet og Frederiksholms Kanal
Kamp om Turkmenistans gas efter Turkmenbasji
Authors: Sperling Vibeke
Published: July 2020

Rusland har sikret sig fuld kontrol med gas fra Turkmenistan, hvor den ny præsident hidtil har skuffet vestlige håb om, at vinterens magtskifte ville åbne for gasleverancer uden om Rusland.
Prisen for at være loyal allieret
Authors: Krogh Torben
Published: July 2020

Den moralske begrundelse for dansk deltagelse i Irak-krigen har været svært forenelig med de midler, som vor store allierede har taget i anvendelse.
Sudan: Fredsaftale på viagra og petro-yuan
Authors: Carstensen Nils
Published: July 2020

I Darfur forværres den humanitære situation uden udsigt til en snarlig løsning. I Khartoum overskygger hæmningsløs økonomisk optimisme alverdens kritik og skepsis.
Irakificering: Vejen mod afgrunden?
Authors: Beach Derek
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Europæerne, EU og Acehs fredsproces
Authors: Kivimäki Timo , Nielsen Niels Ivar
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Giv ansvaret til afghanerne
Authors: Ringsmose Jens , Dahl Thruelsen Peter
Published: July 2020

En vestlig exit-strategi må basere sig på dannelsen af en slagkraftig afghansk hær og en duelig afghansk politistyrke. Jo før afghansk militær og politi kan overtage de funktioner ISAF-styrkerne udfører i dag, jo før kan den vestlige militære tilstedeværelse reduceres.
Merkels udenrigspolitik
Authors: Hansen Jan Bo
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Tadsjikistan: Flerkoneri og masseudvandring
Authors: Rubin Marcus
Published: July 2020

Ti år efter sin blodige borgerkrig er Afghanistans nordlige nabo Tadsjikistan stabil, men ludfattig og autokratisk ligesom sine centralasiatiske naboer. Og fremtiden tegner ikke meget bedre. Islam er i hastig fremmarch, og mange frygter udviklingen går i retning af et mere repressivt regime.
Perspektiver for demokrati i Belarus
Authors: Maegaard Benedicte
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Europas krise
Authors: Holm Erik
Published: July 2020

Hvis det europæiske projekt skal lykkes, må det udvikle et liberalt demokrati i anden potens: Demokratiet må varetages på nationalt niveau, mens den europæiske supermagt vil få sin legitimitet ved nationalstaternes samtykke.
Tænkepause og europæisk sikkerhedspolitik
Authors: Aadal Rasmussen Niels
Published: July 2020

EU har længe haft vanskeligt ved at gennemføre en sammenhængende Fælles Udenrigs- og Sikkerhedspolitik. Nu får Tyskland og Frankrig chancen for at rette skuden op inden 2009, hvor en ny Kommission og et nyt Europa-Parlament træder til. Men det kan kun ske, hvis EU’s tænkepause benyttes til at finde en farbar vej i samklang med de europæiske borgeres ønsker.
Fidel Castros fravær udramatisk
Authors: Lindvig Niels
Published: July 2020

Forhåbninger om at Cuba vil gå mere eller mindre i opløsning ved Fidel Castros bortgang, ser ud til at være skudt i sænk. Cubanerne har tilsyneladende forberedt sig grundigt.
EU-Parlamentet: Mere magt – mindre opbakning
Authors: Østergård Uffe
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
I klemme mellem Indien og Kina
Authors: Ørstrum Møller Jørgen
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Diálogo: desafios da docência diante do papel social da universidade
Authors: Ribeiro Marinalva Lopes , Sales Taiara de Lima Silva
Published: July 2020

Este estudo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em 2019, que teve como objetivo compreender, diante da função social da universidade, os desafios referentes à aprendizagem no exercício da docência, na visão de treze professores da educação superior. No processo de produção dos dados, usamos um questionário composto por três questões abertas. Para a análise dos dados, utilizamos alguns pressupostos da Análise de Conteúdo. As conclusões apontam que a universidade deve primar pela formação integral dos estudantes, de modo a possibilitar que esses interfiram na sua realidade, propondo soluções para seus problemas. O papel social mais importante da universidade é a socialização do saber, particularmente aos grupos marginalizados socialmente. Assim, a docência exige do professor universitário inúmeros saberes, dentre os quais aqueles relacionados aos aspectos pedagógicos e didáticos: como lidar com as novas tecnologias da informação; lidar com os conflitos pessoais, principalmente entre colegas; compreender o processo de aprendizagem dos estudantes e como motivá-los, ficando evidente que a docência é uma profissão complexa para a qual se torna necessário uma formação específica e processos institucionais de desenvolvimento profissional desses sujeitos.
Narrativas de um professor arquiteto: contribuições da trajetória para seu desenvolvimento profissional
Authors: Luz Carolina Nobrega Saboia , Sabino de Farias Isabel Maria , Sabóia Wilson Nobrega
Published: July 2020

A trajetória de desenvolvimento profissional de um arquiteto professor, em particular sua formação pedagógica, está no centro deste artigo. Objetivou-se compreender como e em que a trajetória desse docente arquiteto se relaciona ‘com’ e ‘para’ o seu ato de ensinar. O fundamento teórico da pesquisa está ancorado nos estudos de Júlia Oliveira-Formosinho, Carlos Marcelo García e Francisco Imbernón. As análises realizadas se apoiam na abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, caracterizando-se como estudo de caso único desenvolvido com suporte na observação de aulas, entrevista semiestruturada e o exame de documentos (currículo Lattes, ementa da disciplina e Projeto Pedagógico do curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da IES em contexto). O trabalho de campo foi realizado nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2017 e os dados analisados com base na categorização temática do conteúdo. Os resultados revelaram que, ante o desprestigio do ensino em face o privilégio dado à pesquisa nas instituições de ensino superior, o professor é instigado a se desenvolver de modo autônomo; que as ações de formação das quais tem participado, em sua maioria, focalizam a formação do pesquisador, secundarizam a docência, especializando-o em conteúdos específicos de sua área disciplinar de ensino. Esta tendência, com raras exceções, responde pela fragilidade ou ausência de conhecimentos pedagógicos entre os professores arquitetos bacharéis.
Docência universitária: um olhar sobre a constituição da profissionalidade docente de professores iniciantes
Authors: Santos Marcos Henrique Almeida dos , De Sordi Mara Regina Lemes
Published: July 2020

O artigo objetiva compreender o processo gradativo de constituição da profissionalidade docente de professores iniciantes de uma universidade pública estadual de São Paulo (Brasil), com base nas experiências de formação e atuação profissional vivenciadas no decorrer de suas trajetórias. O texto é oriundo de uma pesquisa predominantemente qualitativa, realizada entre os anos de 2016 e 2020, a partir do acompanhamento do trabalho de 10 professores, de diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Esse acompanhamento se deu essencialmente por meio da observação livre e intensiva de suas aulas durante um semestre letivo e da adoção de narrativas como possibilidade de reflexão e formação. Com base na análise dos dados produzidos, foi possível compreender que os professores iniciantes, conscientes ou não das suas microdecisões pedagógicas, constroem caminhos que possibilitam a constituição de uma profissionalidade docente universitária, a partir da gradativa apropriação e construção, no trabalho pedagógico, de conhecimentos específicos da docência. Tais percursos revelam o compromisso com a atividade de ensino, à medida em que se assume a responsabilidade com a formação dos estudantes, para além da dimensão cognitiva. Compreende-se que esses caminhos precisam ser apoiados, implicando a necessária responsabilidade institucional para com a formação do docente universitário. Sem dúvida, os espaços formativos precisam superar a compreensão técnica e instrumental da docência, assim como possibilitar a clareza quanto ao projeto de formação do estudante que se almeja. Desse modo, as instituições podem possibilitar a afirmação do processo de constituição de uma profissionalidade docente universitária, sobretudo quando consideram a reflexão, investigação e crítica como atitudes que sustentam o exercício profissional da docência.
Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica latinoamericana sobre COVID-19
Authors: Gregorio-Chaviano Orlando , Limaymanta Cesar H. , López-Mesa Evony K.
Published: July 2020

Introducción. La propagación de la COVID-19, una enfermedad infecciosa causada por el nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, se ha convertido en una pandemia que, a la par de su rápida diseminación a nivel mundial, ha traído consigo un aumento exponencial de la cantidad de estudios relacionados con el tema, fenómeno en el que los investigadores de Latinoamérica han participado activamente.Objetivo. Llevar a cabo un estudio bibliométrico descriptivo para identificar las tendencias de la investigación sobre COVID-19 producida en Latinoamérica.Materiales y métodos. Se recurrió a las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus y Pubmed para recuperar la producción científica latinoamericana sobre COVID-19. Se analizaron los indicadores bibliométricos de producción, visibilidad, impacto y colaboración para evaluar la participación regional en la investigación sobre el tema.Resultados. El análisis de 142 documentos evidenció un crecimiento exponencial de la producción científica en el corto periodo analizado, una significativa colaboración internacional (51,4 %), y el liderazgo de las instituciones regionales (71 %) en la investigación con aportes en revistas de alta visibilidad, especialmente de Colombia, Brasil y México.Conclusiones. El estudio evidenció resultados relevantes sobre la participación regional en la investigación sobre COVID-19, no solo en cuanto a la cantidad y el crecimiento exponencial, sino también a su calidad y excelencia, con una elevada tasa de colaboración internacional y de publicación en revistas de reconocido prestigio, lo que, además de ser clave para la visibilidad de los países, es un considerable aporte a las investigaciones que se realizan en otros contextos geográficos.
Association between the number and size of intrapulmonary lymph nodes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity
Authors: Schreuder Anton , Jacobs Colin , Scholten Ernst T. , Prokop Mathias , van Ginneken Bram , Lynch David A. , Schaefer-Prokop Cornelia M. ,   COPDGene Investigators
Published: July 2020

Purpose

One of the main pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is inflammation, which has been associated with lymphadenopathy. Intrapulmonary lymph nodes can be identified on CT as perifissural nodules (PFN). We investigated the association between the number and size of PFNs and measures of COPD severity.

Materials and Methods

CT images were obtained from COPDGene. 50 subjects were randomly selected per GOLD stage (0 to 4), GOLD-unclassified, and never-smoker groups and allocated to either “Healthy,” “Mild,” or “Moderate/severe” groups. 26/350 (7.4%) subjects had missing images and were excluded. Supported by computer-aided detection, a trained researcher prelocated non-calcified opacities larger than 3 mm in diameter. Included lung opacities were classified independently by two radiologists as either “PFN,” “not a PFN,” “calcified,” or “not a nodule”; disagreements were arbitrated by a third radiologist. Ordinal logistic regression was performed as the main statistical test.

Results

A total of 592 opacities were included in the observer study. A total of 163/592 classifications (27.5%) required arbitration. A total of 17/592 opacities (2.9%) were excluded from the analysis because they were not considered nodular, were calcified, or all three radiologists disagreed. A total of 366/575 accepted nodules (63.7%) were considered PFNs. A maximum of 10 PFNs were found in one image; 154/324 (47.5%) contained no PFNs. The number of PFNs per subject did not differ between COPD severity groups (p = 0.50). PFN short-axis diameter could significantly distinguish between the Mild and Moderate/severe groups, but not between the Healthy and Mild groups (p = 0.021).

Conclusions

There is no relationship between PFN count and COPD severity. There may be a weak trend of larger intrapulmonary lymph nodes among patients with more advanced stages of COPD.
Diminishing returns as a function of disturbance
Authors: Sorjonen Kimmo , Melin Bo
Published: July 2020

According to Spearman’s law of diminishing returns (SLODR), IQ test scores are more g saturated among those with low, compared to those with high, ability. The present simulation shows that such difference in saturation can be observed if test scores are affected by a disturbing factor, for example, low motivation, illness, or linguistic confusion, that varies in magnitude between individuals. More contemporary criteria of SLODR can also be satisfied if test scores are affected by disturbance, especially if the disturbance variable is negatively skewed. This indicates a possible threat against the validity of findings supporting SLODR and points at the importance for researchers to try to eliminate the influence of such disturbing factors from their studies.
An Improvement Plan on Fire Safety Management of Public Institutions: Focusing on the Case of Elementary and Secondary Schools
Authors: Han Sang-Pil
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study is to identify ways to improve fire safety management of elementary and junior high schools, which can prevent potentially dangerous situations and establish a rapid response system for fire-related emergencies by analyzing existing fire safety management public institutions. We investigated the expertise, prevention ability, preparation ability, and operation form of fire safety managers working in elementary and secondary schools in Kangwon Province. A questionnaire composed of 26 items was completed by 238 fire safety managers. Results shows that the perception of fire safety management is considerably high, while the ability of the fire safety manager to prepare for and cope with an accident still needs improvement.
Postharvest Handling Knowledge and Practices among Food Handlers on Mycotoxigenic Molds Contamination in Maize Based Diets in School Meals Program in Salima District, Malawi
Authors: Jere Gibson Mapopa , Abong George O. , Njue Lucy G. , Masamba Kingsley , Omayio Duke G.
Published: July 2020

Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine the postharvest handling knowledge and practices among food handlers on mycotoxigenic molds contamination in maize based diets in School Meals Program in Salima District, Malawi.

Study Design: This was cross-sectional study with qualitative and quantitative component.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Salima district, Central Malawi, between August and November, 2019.

Methodology: The study used a structured questionnaire which was administered to 124 individual food handlers which were purposively selected from 31 primary schools. The simple random sampling technique was used to select the 31 primary schools among those implementing home-grown school meals program. The food handlers included School Meals Cooks, Food Suppliers, Food Committee members, and Stores Keepers. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (version 20.0).

Results: The results showed that 80% of food handlers had high knowledge of causes of mycotoxigenic molds contamination in maize foods, 47% had moderate knowledge of health effects of mycotoxigenic molds, while 50% had moderate knowledge of control measures of mycotoxigenic molds in maize foods. Eighty-five percent (85%) were not aware of mycotoxins contamination in maize foods. Furthermore, the study revealed that 60% of food handlers practiced poor postharvest handling of maize foods during transporting, storage and processing in schools. There were no significant differences in knowledge of mycotoxigenic molds and postharvest handling practices of maize foods across demographic regions among food handlers (P >0.05).

Conclusion: The study concluded that majority of food handlers had high knowledge of mycotoxigenic molds in maize foods, however they practiced poor postharvest handling which might influence occurrence of mycotoxigenic molds in maize based diets for school children. There is need to educate all stakeholders involved in School meals Programme on mycotoxins and postharvest handling of maize foods to prevent school children from the risk of mycotoxins exposure.