bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Bahan Pustaka dan Media Pembelajaran terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Inkasari Ipung Pramita
Published: January 2025

Bahan pustaka yang ada di perpustakaan sekolah serta media pembelajaran yang dipersiapkan oleh guru. Bahan pustaka dan media pembelajaran memiliki pengaruh terhadap kualitas dan  prestasi belajar siswa masih membutuhkan klarifikasi lebih mendalam. Kajian tentang hubungan kedua variabel tersebut diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi yang lebih baik karena secara bersama-sama akan meningkatkan hasil prestasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1). menganalisis pengaruh bahan pustaka terhadap prestasi belajar 2). menganalisis pengaruh media pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar, 3). menganalisis pengaruh bahan pustaka dan media pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif korelasional. Analisis data digunakan dengan regresi linier berganda. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa Sekolah Dasar di Gugus 03 Kecamatan Sambeng Kabupaten Lamongan dengan sampel penelitian siswa kelas IV semester genap tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1). Variabel bahan pustaka memiliki hubungan dengan prestasi belajar siswa, selain itu bahan pustaka juga mempengaruhi prestasi belajar siswa 2). Variabel media pembelajaran mempunyai hubungan dengan prestasi belajar siswa, selain itu media pembelajaran juga berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar. 3) Variabel bahan pustaka dan media pembelajaran secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar.
Penerapan Model PBL dalam Pembelajaran IPAS untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Arifin Muhammad , Yunira Yuli , Harahap Santi Evalia , Marbun Egricana
Published: January 2025

Motivasi belajar peserta didik untuk belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS) masih rendah. Akibatnya, hasil belajarpun tidak optimal. Hal ini disebabkan oleh model pembelajaran yang kurang tepat. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dengan judul lengkap Penerapan Model PBL dalam Pembelajaran IPAS untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas V B SD Swasta Al Ikhlash Taqwa, Kecamatan Medan Area, Kota Medan semester genap 2003‒2024. Penelitian tindakan kelas dilaksanakan sebanyak 2 (dua) siklus dengan subjek penelitian 20 siswa terdiri dari 12 perempuan, dan 8 laki-laki serta berkolaborasi dengan seorang guru kelas dan dua mahasiswa Magister Manajemen Pendidikan Tinggi UMSU yang sedang melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas.  Tujuan penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah (1) meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa, dan (2) meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS). Hasil penelitian, pertama peningkatan motivasi belajar pada siklus I sebesar 66,55 % dan siklus II sebesar 82,86 %; artinya terjadi perbaikan motivasi belajar secara beraturan dan berhasil. Kedua, hasil belajar pada siklus I sebesar 75% dan Siklus II sebesar 90 %. Rata-rata nilai sebesar 75,95 % dan rata-rata ketuntasan belajar 79,05 % berhasil melampaui KKM=70; artinya, terjadi peningkatam hasil belajar siswa di Kelas V B SD Swasta Al Ikhlash Taqwa, Kecamatan Medan Area, Kota Medan yang sangat bermakna. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini menyimpulkan bahwa Penerapan Model PBL dalam Pembelajaran IPA mampu meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPAS tema pembelajaran Harmoni dalam Ekosistem, dengan topik A Memakan dan Dimakan.
Review Metode Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) Terbaik untuk Seleksi Proposal Penelitian: Evaluasi Berdasarkan Kriteria Efektivitas dan Akurasi
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan , Hendrik Billy
Published: January 2025

Kemajuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi telah mengubah lanskap pendidikan secara signifikan, khususnya dalam konteks proses seleksi proposal penelitian. Jumlah besar pengajuan proposal yang diterima setiap tahunnya menghadirkan tantangan dalam membangun mekanisme seleksi yang efisien dan objektif. Makalah ini berupaya untuk menilai metodologi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (DSS) yang digunakan dalam pemilihan proposal penelitian. Melalui tinjauan pustaka yang komprehensif dari delapan artikel ilmiah, berbagai metodologi seperti MOORA, AHP, Profile Matching, SAW, dan lainnya diperiksa secara kritis. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa MOORA dan AHP menunjukkan kemampuan yang unggul dalam memberikan evaluasi yang objektif dan konsisten, sedangkan Profile Matching dan SAW menawarkan transparansi yang lebih baik. Direkomendasikan agar pendekatan hibrida yang menggabungkan MOORA dan AHP diterapkan untuk memfasilitasi proses seleksi proposal berbasis data yang efisien di lembaga pendidikan tinggi.
Enhancing English Vocabulary Mastery Through Flashcards: A Study on Fifth Graders at SDN 05 Palembang
Authors: Novasyari Ressy
Published: January 2025

This study examines the effectiveness of flashcards in improving English vocabulary mastery among fifth-grade students at SDN 05 Palembang. Using a qualitative descriptive approach and questionnaires as data collection tools, the study revealed that 85% of students found flashcards helpful in understanding English vocabulary. The research concludes that flashcards are an effective and interactive tool for enhancing vocabulary mastery and creating an engaging learning environment.
Analisis Perubahan Curah Hujan di Stasiun Halim DKI Jakarta Menggunakan Data Satelit CHIRPS dan CANESM5
Authors: Yanti Suryani , Kurniyaningrum Endah , Andajani Sih , Paramitha Dina , Sejati Wahyu
Published: January 2025

Siklus hidrologi yang dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan pada suatu daerah aliran sungai akan berdampak pada perubahan dan pergeseran intensitas curah hujan serta pola musiman. Dinamika perubahan tersebut akan mempengaruhi daya dukung sumber daya air pada suatu DAS. DKI Jakarta mengalami beberapa perkembangan diantaranya pertumbuhan penduduk dan penggunaan lahan. Sehingga mengakibatkan daya dukung lingkungan semakin menurun. Akibat penurunan daya dukung mengakibatkan terjadinya pergeseran atau perubahan siklus hidrologi.   Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis proyeksi curah hujan berdasarkan skenario perubahan iklim yang berdampak pada daya dukung sumber daya air pada  Daerah Aliran Sungai khususnya wilayah Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Skenario perubahan iklim yang digunakan adalah skenario Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 dan 8.5. Data curah hujan yang digunakan sebagai baseline (1994-2023) merupakan data hasil pengamatan dan data CHIRPS. Dalam memprediksi curah hujan 30th mendatang (2024-2073), digunakan data satelit Global Climate Models (GCM) yaitu CANESM5.
Literature Review: Analisis Komparatif Algoritma CNN, KNN, dan SVM untuk Klasifikasi Penyakit Kelapa Sawit
Authors: A'yuni Qurrata , Hendrik Billy
Published: January 2025

Kelapa sawit adalah salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang populer di dunia dan di Indonesia, serta memiliki peran penting dalam subsektor perkebunan dalam meningkatkan perekonomian negara, akan tetapi penyakit pada tanaman kelapa sawit menghambat produksi optimal. Dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan algoritma yang tepat untuk klasifikasi penyakit pada tanaman kelapa sawit, penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan melakukan perbandingan terhadap beberapa algoritma Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), dan Support Vector Machine (SVM) untuk meninjau literatur yang ada dengan memberikan analisis komprehensif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa algoritma yang paling populer dan paling efektif dengan tingkat akurasi diatas 90% adalah Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) dibandingkan K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) dan Support Vector Machine (SVM). Metode yang banyak digunakan untuk pengujian keakuratan hasil adalah Confusion Matrix.
Dampak Media Video terhadap Keterlibatan dan Kemampuan Menjawab Pertanyaan Siswa di Sekolah Dasar: Sebuah Studi Kuasi Eksperimen
Authors: Aini Syarifah , Witarsa Ramdhan , Nurmalina Nurmalina
Published: January 2025

Beberapa guru sekolah dasar masih enggan untuk menggunakan media video saat melakukan pembelajaran di kelas. Hal tersebut dikarenakan salah satunya adalah ketidakterampilan guru saat mengkoneksi media videonya dilaptop dan infocus. Penelitian ini menguji dampak media video terhadap keterlibatan dan kemampuan menjawab pertanyaan siswa kelas 5 sekolah dasar. Desain kuasi-eksperimental digunakan 35 siswa di kelompok eksperimen dan 35 siswa di kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan dalam hal keterlibatan dan kemampuan menjawab pertanyaan pada kelompok eksperimen (N-Gain = 39,25%) dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (N-Gain = 9,23%). Siswa juga sangat antusias saat menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan guru yang ditampilkan melalui tayangan infocus. Ketertarikan siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran ini harus terus dijaga oleh guru melalui media video dan/atau media lainnya. Riset berikutnya bisa dilakukan analisis respon jawaban siswa untuk kreativitas.
Peran Hubungan Masyarakat (Humas) dan Citra Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai dalam Mensosialisasikan Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru
Authors: Hazlina Yona , Sumarno Sumarno , Mahdum Mahdum
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kehumasan dalam rangka meningkatkan citra positif perguruan tinggi di Kabupaten Kampar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian meliputi Rektor dan Kepala Bagian Kehumasan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui metode wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data yang dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik reduksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran kehumasan dalam meningkatkan citra positif perguruan tinggi di Kabupaten Kampar dilaksanakan sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah ditetapkan, namun dalam pelaksanaannya, beberapa aspek masih belum dilakukan secara terstruktur. Hasil survei tahun 2023 menunjukkan bahwa hanya 45% masyarakat di Kabupaten Kampar yang mengetahui program-program unggulan dari perguruan tinggi lokal. Data ini menunjukkan pentingnya peran Humas dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dan membangun citra.
Model Asesmen Kelulusan Fase B pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Roilah Roilah , Susongko Purwo , Muljani Sutji
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model asesmen kelulusan fase B pada mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia di jenjang sekolah dasar, yang relevan dengan Kurikulum Merdeka. Fokus utama penelitian adalah menganalisis kebutuhan peserta didik dan guru, merancang model asesmen, serta membuktikan validitas instrumen tes berbasis model Rasch. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan ADDIE dengan lingkup Analisis, Desain, dan Pengembangan. Sampel penelitian melibatkan dua sekolah dasar dalam Gugus Jenderal Sudirman dengan 50 siswa kelas IV sebagai responden. Model asesmen yang dikembangkan dirancang untuk mengukur keterampilan berbahasa reseptif dan produktif, dengan validitas tes yang dievaluasi menggunakan pendekatan Rasch Model. Pendekatan ini dipilih karena kesederhanaannya dan kemampuannya dalam mengukur dimensi tunggal kemampuan secara akurat. Penelitian ini menghasilkan model asesmen kelulusan fase B yang komprehensif dan terstandarisasi, yang diharapkan dapat membantu guru dalam mengevaluasi ketercapaian pembelajaran peserta didik secara efektif, sekaligus meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia sesuai dengan tuntutan Kurikulum Merdeka.
Quizizz dalam Modul ajar IPAS untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Lestari Eni , Basukiyatno Basukiyatno , Suriswo Suriswo
Published: January 2025

Kurangnya intergrasi teknologi dan pendekatan pembelajaran moderen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan modul ajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS) berbasis Game-Based Learning (GBL) dengan menggunakan media Quizizz untuk meningkatkan literasi sains siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian dilakukan di Gugus Borobudur mengambil dua sekolah sekolah yaitu SDN Sabarwangi sebagai kelas kontrol dan SDN 01 Kutorejo sebagai kelas ekperimen, Kecamatan Kajen, Kabupaten Pekalongan. Metode yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan ADDIE yang mencakup tahapan analisis, desain, dan pengembangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan modul ini dapat meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa dalam pembelajaran serta memperkuat literasi sains dan digital mereka. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam inovasi pembelajaran berbasis teknologi di tingkat sekolah dasar
Pengembangan Modul Ajar Berdiferensiasi Berbantuan Canva dalam Meningkatkan Student Well Being di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Azizah Muflichati Nurin , Maufur Maufur , Basukiyatno Basukiyatno
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi pada saat ini, masih banyak guru yang belum menggunakan modul ajar berdiferensiasi dan mengintegrasikan teknologi dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Salah satu aplikasi yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh guru untuk membuat dan mendesain modul ajar adalah canva. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menghasilkan modul ajar berdiferensiasi yang valid dan efektif dalam meningkatkan student well being di sekolah dasar. Penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari tahapan: analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, evaluasi. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 80 peserta didik kelas V SD Negeri di Gugus Jenderal Soedirman Kecamatan Bumiayu Kabupaten Brebes. Instrumen penilaian yang digunakan oleh peneliti berupa lembar validasi ahli dan praktisi. Selanjutnya instrumen penilaian divalidasi oleh tiga validator yakni validator materi, validator media dan validator praktisi. Hasil validasi dilakukan oleh ahli materi diperoleh persentase sebesar 94,33% dikategorikan sangat valid sedangkan nilai validator dari ahli media memperoleh hasil 97,73% dikategorikan sangat valid, sementara hasil validasi dari praktisi diperoleh persentase sebesar 95,50% dikategorikan sangat valid. Selanjutnya hasil uji efektivitas menunjukkan modul ajar berdiferensiasi berbantuan canva efektif dalam meningkatakan student well being terlihat dari nilai rata-rata student well being pada kelas eksperimen lebih besar dari pada kelas kontrol. Dengan demikian hasil produk pengembangan modul ajar berdiferensiasi berbantuan canva sangat valid serta dapat digunakan guru sebagai perangkat ajar dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian R&D dengan ADDIE ini hanya sampai tahap Analysis, Desain, Development, sehingga peneliti berharap untuk penelitian berikutnya bisa mengembangkan sampai tahap Implementation dan Evaluation.
Implikasi Deiksis Persona Ayat Al-Qur’an Kisah Nabi Nuh AS terhadap Prinsip Kesantunan Perspektif Geoffrey Leech
Authors: Istiqomah Salma Nur , Al Farisi Mohamad Zaka , Maulani Hikmah
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji implikasi penggunaan deiksis persona dalam kisah Nabi Nuh AS sebagaimana tercantum di ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an terhadap prinsip kesantunan berdasarkan teori Geoffrey Leech. Fokus penelitian adalah menganalisis bagaimana deiksis persona dalam tuturan perintah dan larangan mencerminkan nilai-nilai kesantunan. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis isi, mengidentifikasi 29 bentuk deiksis persona dari sembilan surah Al-Qur'an yang relevan. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik simak dan catat, lalu dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa deiksis persona pertama tunggal adalah yang paling dominan digunakan (44,82%). Prinsip kesantunan yang sering muncul adalah maksim simpati dan kearifan (masing-masing 30%), yang mencerminkan empati Nabi Nuh kepada kaumnya, baik dalam upaya mengajak mereka kepada kebaikan maupun saat menghadapi penolakan. Selain itu, variasi deiksis persona menunjukkan perbedaan pola komunikasi sesuai dengan relasi partisipan, seperti antara Allah dan Nabi Nuh, serta Nuh dengan kaumnya. Kesimpulannya, deiksis persona dalam Al-Qur'an bukan berfungsi sebagai alat linguistik saja akan tetapi sebagai sarana penguat pesan moral dan etika komunikasi, yang relevan dalam konteks interaksi manusia sehari-hari.
Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka dalam Pengembangan Desain Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Wijaya Septian Purba , Wahab Wahab , Kurniawan Syamsul
Published: January 2025

Artikel membahas tentang pengembangan desain pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam yang merupakan hal yang sangat mendasar dan perlu dilaksanakan. Kebijakan “Merdeka Belajar” merupakan gagasan dari Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Nadiem Makarim dalam rangka perbaikan sistem pendidikan nasional. Konsep “Merdeka Belajar” merupakan upaya untuk mewujudkan kemandirian dalam berpikir. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 6 Sukadana. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi lapangan (field research). Metode pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian adalah Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  pembaharuan (inovasi) yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam adalah dengan menggunakan strategi  Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL).Bahan ajar yang inovatif disiapkan oleh Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam sendiri. Dalam proses pembelajaran, guru menggunakan PowerPoint dan Video.
Designing English Language Teaching Materials For Tourism Based on Project-Based Learning for English Education Study Program Students
Authors: Serasi Reko , Arono Arono , Yunita Wisma
Published: January 2025

This study aims to develop English language teaching materials based on the Project-Based Learning (PBL) learning model for English for Tourism course. This study used a research and development (R&D) with the ADDIE model whose stages consist of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Participants in this study were 5th semester students majoring in English Language Education at one of the state Islamic universities in Bengkulu. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The prototype of the development of teaching materials was validated by experts in content, language and design. Then, the teaching materials were tested on individual, small group, and large group. The results of the validation of teaching materials had an overall average value of 81.9%. Meanwhile, the overall trial of teaching materials found a value of 78%. Then, the results of interviews and project assessments showed that the developed teaching materials increased student motivation and competence in learning. The conclusion is that the development of teaching materials based on Project-Based Learning is qualified as good and suitable to use in the classroom learning process.
Where the Wild Kids Are: Céline Sciamma and the Queer Forest
Authors: CAIN LOUISE
Published: January 2025

Combining Martin Heidegger’s concept of
Holzwege
—the tangled forest paths that serve as metaphors for being, knowledge and truth—with the wild epistemology of queer theorist Jack Halberstam and similar explorations of queer ecology, this article applies a phenomenological lens to the representation of the forest as a site of queer time, space and being in the work of Céline Sciamma, focused primarily on
Tomboy
(2011) and
Petite Maman
(2020). The logic of child’s play and imagination coalesces with the unbound and wild epistemological conditions of the marginalized forest, forming in these two films a discernible “world within the world” that serves as the primary site of development and transformation. Traversing the boundaries between the known, familiar world of French middle-class domesticity and the unbound, wild expanse of the woods, Sciamma’s films offer alternative possibilities of maturation on the margins of heteropatriarchal normality for her queer and gender non-conforming protagonists.
Recovering Pulsar Periodicity from Time-of-arrival Data by Finding the Shortest Vector in a Lattice
Authors: Gazith Dotan , Pearlman Aaron B. , Zackay Barak
Published: January 2025

The strict periodicity of pulsars is one of the primary ways through which their nature and environment can be studied, and it has also enabled precision tests of general relativity and studies of nanohertz gravitational waves using pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). Identifying such a periodicity from a discrete set of arrival times is a difficult algorithmic problem, In particular when the pulsar is in a binary system. This challenge is especially acute in γ-ray pulsar astronomy, as there are hundreds of unassociated Fermi-LAT sources that may be produced by γ-ray emission from unknown pulsars. Recovering their timing solutions will help reveal their properties and may allow them to be added to PTAs. The same issue arises when attempting to recover a strict periodicity for repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs). Such a detection would be a major breakthrough, providing us with the FRB source’s age, magnetic field, and binary orbit. The problem of recovering a timing solution from sparse time-of-arrival data is currently unsolvable for pulsars in unknown binary systems, and incredibly hard even for isolated pulsars. In this paper, we frame the timing recovery problem as the problem of finding a short vector in a lattice and obtain the solution using off-the-shelf lattice reduction and sieving techniques. As a proof of concept, we solve PSR J0318+0253, a millisecond γ-ray pulsar discovered by FAST in a γ-ray-directed search, in a few CPU minutes. We discuss the assumptions of the standard lattice techniques and quantify their performance and limitations.
The Effect of Donor Star Rejuvenation on Common Envelope Evolution
Authors: Landri C. , Ricker P. M. , Renzo M. , Rau 饒 S. 孝節 , Vigna-Gómez A.
Published: January 2025

In close binary star systems, common envelope evolution (CEE) may occur after a previous phase of mass transfer. Some isolated formation channels for double neutron star binaries suggest that the donor of CEE was the accretor of a previous phase of stable mass transfer. Accretion should substantially alter the structure of the donor, particularly by steepening the density gradient at the core-envelope interface and rejuvenating the star. We study the CEE of a donor that was the accretor of a previous phase of stable mass transfer and has a rejuvenated structure. We perform 3D hydrodynamics simulations of the CEE of an 18 M
⊙ supergiant with a 1.4 M
⊙ companion using rejuvenated and non-rejuvenated 1D stellar models for the donor. We compare the two simulations to characterize the effect of the rejuvenation on the outcome of the common envelope phase and the shape of the ejecta. We find that accounting for a previous phase of mass transfer reduces the duration of the inspiral phase by a factor of two, likely due to the different structures in the outer layers of the donor. In the rejuvenated case, the simulations show more equatorially concentrated and asymmetric ejecta, though both cases display evidence for the formation of a pressure-supported thick circumbinary disk. During the dynamical inspiral phase, the impact of rejuvenation on the unbinding of the envelope is unclear; we find that rejuvenation decreases the amount of unbound mass by 20%–40% depending on the energy criterion used.
Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats managed under pastoral and agro-pastoral systems
Authors: Mwanandota Julius Joseph , Msuta Gilbert , Mdetele Daniel , Sallu Raphael , Omondi George Paul , Chengula Augustino , Kimera Sharadhuli , Parida Satya , Misinzo Gerald
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an infectious disease that imposes substantial economic burdens on small ruminants (SR) production. For Tanzania to develop efficient management and eradication plans, it is essential to comprehend the seroprevalence of PPR designated for global elimination by 2030.
Methodology: This study investigated the prevalence of PPR in animals kept under pastoral and agropastoral communities in Tanzania. A total of 1,128 blood samples from SR were collected and analyzed for PPR-specific antibodies using the HPPR-b ELISA technique. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors
Results: The overall seroprevalence was 10%. Higher seropositivity was observed in the Kiteto, Longido, and Simanjiro districts of the northern zone and the Mbarali district of the southern highlands, with the seroprevalence decreasing trend from the northern to southern zones. Multivariate logistic regression analysis for risk factors identified significant differences in seroprevalence across disease surveillance zones, with odds ratios (OR) ranging from 2 to 3.
Conclusions: Agropastoral production systems exhibited lower PPR seroprevalence compared to pastoral systems. The increasing seropositivity in the Mbarali district suggests a southward spread of PPR, increasing a threat to Tanzania`s southern regions and neighboring countries. The disease`s dissemination is closely linked to livestock trading infrastructure, highlighting the need for periodic seromonitoring. Control efforts should prioritize highly affected northern zones and implement strict regulations on animal movement to protect less-affected southern areas.
Turtles and ice: winter activity in non-native turtles in Romania
Authors: Iftime Oana , Iftime Alexandru
Published: January 2025

We present records of winter activity of non-native turtles, especially Trachemys scripta, the most common alien turtle in Romania. This species was observed basking in urban park lake settings in the winter months at the beginning of 2024. Trachemys scripta individuals were active during atypically warm days, but not during alternating cold spells with snowfall and ice formation; on warm days, turtles were also observed in the proximity of persisting lake ice. Other aquatic turtle species emerged from hibernation at the end of the winter, when temperatures were considerably higher, nearing 20 °C.
Taxonomic notes on the genus Spinosodus Breuning & de Jong, 1941 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) with a generic and specific synonym
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Qin Ting , Xie Guanglin , Wang Wenkai
Published: January 2025

Taxonomic notes on the genus Spinosodus Breuning & de Jong, 1941 are presented. The genus Bulbolmotega Breuning, 1966 is synonymized with Spinosodus, and Bulbolmotega sumatrensis Breuning, 1966 is recognized as a junior synonym of Spinosodus spinicollis Breuning & de Jong, 1941. Additionally, Spinosodus is redescribed, and S. rufomaculatus Breuning, 1973 is formally reported from China, Vietnam, Thailand, and India for the first time.
Article 5. Génie logiciel et ontologies
Authors: Maffezzini Ivan
Published: January 2025

La description en langue naturelle est l’artefact permettant de débuter un processus d’automatisation. La tâche principale de l’ingénieur du logiciel, c’est de combler le clivage entre langue naturelle et langue de la machine. Après avoir présenté quelques ontologies définies pour les processus d’automatisation, quelques pour et quelques contre l’emploi d’ontologies dans le génie logiciel sont présentées. Des indications pour dépasser cette simple opposition sont ensuite décrites. Des évaluations sur le réductionnisme dans les ontologies en ce qui concerne les possibles interactions entre humains, machines et réalité muette terminent la présentation.
Agglutination et segmentation graphique dans les Mémoires autographes de Philippe de Vigneulles
Authors: Bazin-Tacchella Sylvie
Published: January 2025

Les Mémoires du messin Philippe de Vigneulles (1471-1528), transmises par un seul manuscrit autographe, abondamment corrigées et complétées par son auteur, constituent un témoignage sur les usages et la variation dans un écrit qui se situe à mi-chemin entre l’écrit personnel et l’œuvre destinée à la diffusion et transmise par une copie professionnelle. L’article porte sur la pratique de Philippe de Vigneulles en matière d’agglutination et de segmentation graphique. Deux cas sont distingués : l’agglutination consécutive à une élision – habituelle dans l’écriture manuscrite avant l’adoption de l’apostrophe – et l’agglutination sans élision. Un inventaire des différentes séquences amalgamées sans élision, à deux éléments ou plus, est dressé. Le cas inverse, celui de la segmentation, est présent de façon beaucoup plus limitée. Certains cas de concurrence permettent de s’interroger sur les facteurs favorisant l’amalgame. Les analyses révèlent des tendances encore contradictoires, marquées par une pratique plutôt scripturale que grammaticale.
La réduction des variantes verbales au présent de l’indicatif en français par les injonctions des Remarqueurs et des grammairiens au 17e siècle
Authors: Weyh Charlène
Published: January 2025

Le verbe trouver a maintenu les variantes treuv- et trouv- jusqu’au 17e siècle. Cet article présente une double étude du verbe trouver en français : une étude linguistique à l’aide de la base de données textuelles Frantext afin de connaitre le nombre d’attestation des formes en [ø] et des formes en [u] au 17e siècle ; et une étude métalinguistique à travers le Grand Corpus des grammaires françaises, des remarques et des traités sur la langue (XIVe – XVIIe s.) de Garnier Numérique. L’objectif est de montrer, à travers cette double étude du verbe trouver, comment les injonctions des Remarqueurs – et notamment celles de Vaugelas – ont impacté l’évolution des variantes verbales.
Lugares que situam
Authors: Klemz Monica , Ivo Barroso Elianne
Published: January 2025

A partir da observação de que determinadas obras audiovisuais fazem uso do espaço como sintoma, testemunho ou personagem da história, apresentamos um estudo de como esses lugares são representados nos filmes. Identificamos cinco categorias, a saber: o Lugar-mesmo, o Lugar-outro, o Não-lugar, a Zona Autônoma Temporária (T.A.Z.) e o Translugar. Situados dentro de um determinado espaço social geográfico, em uma região, apontam os deslocamentos possíveis entre esses lugares, suas paisagens e as relações com as fronteiras desses territórios, que ao serem delimitadas, podem ser translocadas ou transgredidas.
Beyond Lead: Exploring Fillers and Reinforcements in Lead-Free Solder Technology
Authors: Mohamed Ariff Azmah Hanim , Mei Mei Amy Voo , Lin Ong Jun
Published: January 2025

Due to tighter restrictions on the use of hazardous lead-bearing solder alloys, lead-free solder research has seen significant growth in recent years. The most common SAC alloys have emerged as viable candidates for the substitution of conventional Sn-Pb alloys among the representative lead-free solders (Sn-Cu, Sn-Bi, Sn-Zn, Sn-In, Sn-Ag, and Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC)). These alloys have limited use in contemporary microelectronic packaging devices due to various worries about the existence of brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) like Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 in these materials. Over the years, numerous lead-free solder alloy alternatives with nanoparticle reinforcement have been proposed as an alternative to limit the growth of IMCs and enhance solder joint durability. This paper details the development of lead-free solders with selected fillers and reinforcements to date. The thermal cyclic test method was also discussed as one of the alternatives for reliability test techniques to be explored in future studies on this topic. In conclusion, fillers and reinforcements are also essential for enhancing interconnection’s heat cycle efficiency. Exploring various fillers and reinforcements that can be used to advance lead-free solder technology with thermal cyclic methods will open more investigation opportunities for lead-free solders.
Research Progress on Welding Method of Corrugated Core and I-Core Sandwich Plate
Authors: Gang Yang , Faridh Mohd Ahmad Zaharuddin , Yusof Noordin Mohd
Published: January 2025

The use of sandwich plates has gained significant popularity in the construction and machinery industries due to their exceptional stiffness-to-mass and strength-to-mass ratios. Among various structural types, I-core sandwich plates (T-joints) and corrugated-core sandwich plates (K-joints) are widely utilized. The welding method employed significantly impacts joint performance and overall structural characteristics. This review paper examines recent research on these commonly used sandwich plates and their joint performance, encompassing preparation methods, performance evaluation, structure optimization, and overall research progress. Furthermore, the influence of different preparation methods on the overall performance of sandwich plates is also addressed.
Transfer Efficiency and Morphology of Different Concentrations of Catalyst Ink in Fuel Cell Electrode Preparation
Authors: Azhar Norhazirah , Choo Thye-Foo , Saidin Nur Ubaidah , Mat Zali Nurazila
Published: January 2025

In the fabrication of fuel cell electrodes, applying catalyst ink onto a substrate is crucial. The performance of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is subsequently impacted by how the catalyst is applied onto substrate as well as in terms of its resulting morphology. In this study, a direct catalyst ink spraying approach was done in order to investigate transfer efficiency and surface morphology for different concentrations of ink. The concentration of catalyst ink used in the spraying process are 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mg/ml with fixed loading of 1.0 mg/cm2. The transfer efficiency of the catalyst inks was calculated neglecting human error during spraying. The coating thickness and distribution of the resulting catalysts were analysed via Field Emission – Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM).
Effect of Calcite Addition on the Mechanical Strength of Corundum-Mullite Ceramics
Authors: Yahya Hamdan , Ahmad Aspaniza , Abdul Aziz Muhammad Afiq Afandi , Selamat Malek
Published: January 2025

Efforts to reduce the usage of imported raw materials in the ceramic industry have encouraged usage of local calcite minerals for production of refractory ceramic products. Corundum-mullite ceramics as refractory products were prepared by using clay, alumina and calcite mineral (CaO) via powder pressing method. The effect of CaO addition from 2.9 to 6.5 wt.% (R1, R2 & R3) on the mechanical strengths such as bulk density, apparent porosity, firing shrinkage and compressive strength were systematically studied as well as the reheat shrinkage and crystallinity of mullite ceramic bodies. The results indicated that the sintering process was prevented by the formation of anorthite phase at higher CaO content. The bulk density increased continuously as the CaO content was increased from 2.9 to 6.5 wt.%, while the apparent porosity and water absorption decreased with the increment of CaO content especially at temperature 1400 °C. On the other hand, addition of small amount of CaO have improved compressive strength of the ceramic body due to reduction in porosity and increase of crystalline phase. Addition of CaO content higher than 4.8 wt.%, would result in increment of crystallinity of the body due to formation of anorthite phase. It was observed that the R1 body (2.9 wt.% CaO) has the lowest reheat shrinkage percentage compared to other bodies and has complied with the Japanese Industrial Standard of mullite refractory product which is lower than 0.2% shrinkage percentage at 1300°C in the furnace for 8 hours.
Acceptance and adoption determinants of telemedicine in public healthcare institutions
Authors: Phorah Kokisa E. , Motsi Lovemore
Published: January 2025

Background: One of the challenges facing the usage of telemedicine technology in South Africa, particularly in the North West province (NWP), is lack of user acceptance by health care professionals which prevents piloted project to produce the desired outcomes.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influential factors for the adoption of telemedicine by health care professionals from three selected hospitals (Bophelong, Taung and Klerksdorp) in the NWP.Method: The study adopted a case study approach and gathered data through questionnaires, which were distributed to the health care professionals of the three selected hospitals. In order to ensure that the instrument was accurate, a pilot study was carried out prior to the main investigation. Both the alpha and power values were set at 0.05 for the statistical analysis. The statistical tool used for the data analysis was SPSS v. 23.0.Results: Attitude towards the use of telemedicine technology (ATUTT), perceived usefulness (PU) and acceptance of telemedicine technology (ATT) were considered to be the influential factors in the adoption of telemedicine technology. The association between perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) (0.150, p = 0.034), PEOU and Attitude towards the use of telemedicine technology (ATUTT) (0.211, p = 0.002), PEOU and Acceptance of telemedicine technology (ATT) (0.245, p = 0.000), PU and (ATT) (0.212, p = 0.002), ATUTT and (ATT) (0.189, p = 0.005). However, PEOU was found to have an insignificant relationship with (0.048, p = 0.093). Hypotheses 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are supported while H2 was not supported.Conclusion: The study aims to fill the knowledge vacuum identified, helping poor countries effectively implement telemedicine technology to modernise the health care sector. In addition, results from this study shed insight on the varied impacts of individual, technical, clinical and multidimensional social influence variables on health care providers’ decisions to use telemedicine.Contribution: This study contributes to the body of knowledge by investigating the success factors for telemedicine technology adoption in South African public hospitals. These results have important implications for the public health care system in South Africa, both for the direction of future research and for the methods used to promote the use of telemedicine.
Effect of entrepreneurial marketing on SMEs competitive performance in Lesotho
Authors: Amadasun Osakpamwan E.D. , Mutezo Ashley T.
Published: January 2025

Background: Entrepreneurial marketing (EM) is an important market strategic concept that small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) owners or managers adopt and practise to drive their enterprises to attain competitive financial performance. Records indicate that in the past 20 years limited studies have focussed on EM strategic challenges that the Basotho SMEs face in Lesotho.Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of EM strategies (customer relationship, strategic networking and customer satisfaction) on the competitive financial performance of SMEs in selected districts of Lesotho.Setting: The data for this study were collected from the four districts of Butha-Buthe, Leribe, Mafeteng and Maseru in Lesotho, where SME distribution is higher compared to other districts in Lesotho.Methods: The descriptive-correlation research design was adopted using the questionnaire as the primary research tool for the data collection in the four selected districts, and the data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The three predictors (customer relationship, strategic networking and customer satisfaction) of the EM estimates identified that each predictor statistically contributes significantly to SMEs’ dynamic market operation and attaining competitive financial performance.Conclusion: The three factors of EM explain why SME owners or managers should consider the predictors as critical and synergic market factors that influence their enterprises to attain competitive financial performance.Contribution: The results of this study suggest (to SME owners, managers and policymakers) that the three predictors of EM are critically idiosyncratic and have a distinctive influence on the SMEs’ effective market operation and attaining competitive financial performance.
Does Long-Segment Involvement in Thoracic Ossified Ligamentum Flavum-Associated Compressive Myelopathy Portend a Poor Surgical Outcome?
Authors: Scaria Sam , Divakar Ganesh , Kesavapisharady Krishnakumar , Venkat Easwer Harihara , Stanley Antony
Published: January 2025

Background:

Compressive myelopathy due to thoracic ossified ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is a rare disorder of multifactorial etiology, and considerable ambiguity exists regarding several clinical and radiological indicators for prognosis following surgery. This study aims to analyze and compare the surgical outcomes from short-segment and long-segment involvement in patients with compressive myelopathy secondary to thoracic ossified ligamentum flavum and critically review the relevant literature.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective, single-center study of 28 consecutive patients operated exclusively for TOLF divided into short-segment-TOLF (SSTOLF) (n = 15), having one or two contiguous levels of cord compression involvement, and long-segment-TOLF (LSTOLF) (n = 13), having three or more contiguous levels of involvement. The clinical features of these groups before and after surgery were analyzed and compared.

Results:

There were 20 males and eight females with a mean age of 53.2 years. Overall, there was a significant inverse correlation between the preoperative duration of symptoms and the Hirabayashi Recovery Rate (HRR) (r = -0.675, P = 0.001). The preoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score strongly correlated with the HRR (r = 0.715, P = 0.001). The mean preoperative JOA scores were 6.67 (0.72) and 4.08 (0.76), and the mean improvement in JOA scores for SSTOLF and LSTOLF following surgery were 2.26 (0.71) and 1.46 (1.13), respectively, which was statistically significant (P = 0.03).

Conclusions:

Patients with SSTOLF presented with symptoms relatively early, although with a better neurological profile and attained good functional status following surgical intervention. In contrast, patients with LSTOLF had a worse baseline clinical profile, and despite improvement with surgery, they had a poor functional status.
Correlation Between Deformity Correction and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Kurian Anand , Amritanand Rohit , Paul Arun John , David Kenny Samuel , Krishnan Venkatesh , Yadav Bijesh Kumar
Published: January 2025

Background:

Surgical treatment in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is primarily indicated for cosmesis. The assessment of the efficacy of this surgery by the patient and the surgeon may differ. The surgeon often relies on radiographic parameters, while the patient’s satisfaction is gauged by functional outcome measures. We aim to study the correlation between patient-reported outcome measures and radiographic deformity correction in patients with AIS.

Materials and Methods:

We included AIS patients who underwent deformity correction surgery at our institute between January 2010 and December 2019 with a minimum of 2-year follow-up. The curves were classified by the Lenke Classification preoperatively. Pre and postoperative radiographic parameters were calculated to determine the respective radiographic deformity score, and patients answered a postoperative outcome questionnaire, the Scoliosis Research Society revised (SRS)-22r. The radiographic parameters and outcome measures were then subjected to correlational analysis.

Results:

A total of 44 (7 males and 37 females) AIS patients with ages ranging from 10 to 18 years were included in our study. The average clinico-radiological follow-up period was 2 years and 7 months. The preoperative primary curve Cobb angle was 63.98 ± 21° and the postoperative primary curve Cobb angle was 29.28 ± 18°. The percentage of mean curve correction was 56.6%. The median SRS-22r score at the latest follow-up was 4.3. Our correlational analysis found no statistically significant correlation between postoperative radiographic scores and postoperative SRS-22r scores (r = 0.08, P = 0.58). We also found no significant correlation between coronal and sagittal radiographic scores and final SRS-22r scores.

Conclusion:

The radiographic parameters and patient-reported outcomes in our study did not correlate. This highlights the need for cognizance of the patient’s and surgeon’s differing vantage points when interpreting surgical outcomes.
Iatrogenic Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury in an Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient Undergoing Thoracolumbar Fracture fixation
Authors: Basu Saumyajit , Gohil Kushal
Published: January 2025

After initial injury, ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients continue to be at higher risk for secondary neurologic deterioration. Approximately 3%–25% of spinal cord injuries occur after the initial trauma, either during transit or in the early course of management. However, neurological deterioration following repositioning after surgery has not been reported. A 52-year-old male, a known case of AS, presented with an un-displaced three-column fracture at the T12/L1, after a fall. He did not have any neurological deficit and underwent T10 to L2 percutaneous pedicle screw-rod fixation. Intraoperative neural monitoring (IONM) data demonstrated no changes. He was then turned into the supine position, and when he was extubated, he had grade 0/5 power in both lower limbs. Fluoroscopy revealed displacement at the fracture site, which had occurred when the patient was flipped over after surgery. Immediately, he was again intubated and open reduction of fracture, decompression, and revision of fixation were done. IONM data indicated some recovery. He woke up with grade 2/5 power in his lower limbs. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation were continued, and by the end of 1 year, he had regained his preoperative neurological status. However, the fracture gap persisted with distal screw loosening and pull-out at 15-month follow-up, for which proximal and distal extension of fusion was performed. At 2-year follow-up after the revision surgery, the fracture had healed well. The patient’s significant recovery underscores the importance of prompt intervention in intraoperative spinal injuries, offering valuable insights for surgeons managing AS patients. AS patients are more prone to developing neurological deterioration in the perioperative period, and great care must be taken while handling these patients.
Hirayama Disease and Its Management: Experience of a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern India
Authors: Vijayan Selvin Prabhakar , Gerber Christopher , Basu Anindya , Tiwari Mona , Hussain Tosaddeque M. D. , Ganguly Jacky
Published: January 2025

Background:

Hirayama disease (HD) is a unique, benign, and self-limiting cause of compressive myelopathy. It presents as an asymmetric weakness and atrophy of one or both distal upper extremities. Treatment of HD is controversial, and traditionally conservative management is advocated, while recently, surgical management has been preferred in refractory cases. We present our experience in the management of HD using different modalities.

Materials and Methods:

Data of patients diagnosed with HD from 2016 to 2022 were collected with multiple clinical and radiological (dynamic MRI) parameters being noted. A total of 17 patients were identified, out of which 14 were managed conservatively and three surgically. The patient outcomes were analyzed at the final follow-up.

Results:

All patients were males with a mean age of 25 years. Seven had bilateral and ten had unilateral upper limb symptoms. The most common clinical findings were weakness and wasting of distal hand muscles (100%) followed by forearm weakness (59%). MRI findings observed were abnormal cervical curvature followed by enhancement in the epidural component (71%). Functional assessment was carried out using the Jebsen–Taylor Hand Function test (JTHFT). At follow-up, 10 out of 14 patients given conservative management had successful treatment outcomes (5 improved; 5 plateaued). The mean JTHFT score improved from 69.5 to 62.5 s. In four patients with failed conservative treatment, the JTHFT score worsened from 62 to 75 s. All three who underwent surgery had improved outcomes, with a JTHFT score of 54 s from 79 s.

Conclusion:

HD is a rare condition warranting a high index of suspicion for diagnosis, especially in patients of atypical age groups. Reasonable outcomes are seen with conservative management in mild cases with gradual progression. Surgery is useful in failed conservative management or with severe weakness and rapid deterioration of symptoms, giving good outcomes.