bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of stem cell therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Gallicchio Vincent S , Crisologo Maxwell
Published: February 2023

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder for which treatment consists mainly of palliative care. Two drugs are currently widely available in the US for treatment, Riluzole and Edaravone, which can mildly attenuate motor decline and slightly prolong survival. Stem cells are currently being explored as treatment possibilities because of their ability to differentiate to healthy motor neurons and astrocytes especially, which are thought to be a major source of the neuronal damage by engaging in a positive feedback loop of neuroinflammation. Various stem cell types are also known to secrete neurotrophic factors which can promote healthy astrocyte function and mediate axonal regeneration and repair. This leads to two broad classifications of stem cell therapies: Replacement and Non-replacement. Replacement therapies tend to use neural stem cells to supplant the host’s diseased astrocytes and create a healthy environment. Motor replacement is less feasible due to the distance they need to grow to reach the neuromuscular junction and difficulties of integration. Non-replacement therapies tend to use bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells and tend to focus on immunomodulation to reduce damage to the motor neurons. Results from animal trials and phase I/II clinical trials show that both types of treatment using stem cells such as neural stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, dental pulp, and adipose derived stem cells can reduce neuroinflammation and motor neuron degradation, attenuate motor decline, and in many cases prolong survival. Future studies should look to the application of combined replacement and non-replacement strategies using both neural stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells to achieve an even greater level of neuroprotection.
Stem cells in the treatment of sickle cell disease
Authors: Gallicchio Vincent S , McGill Emily
Published: February 2023

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is autosomal recessive disorder that is the result of a point mutation in the coding region of the beta globin gene. Polymerization of red blood cells with the sickle hemoglobin result in painful clinical symptoms and early death due to end organ failure. Improvement of treatment has extended the survival of adolescents into adulthood and offers relief of symptoms but does not offer a cure against the diagnosis being the inevitable cause of an early death. In addition, response to therapies vary between patients depending on their responsiveness and metabolism of medications. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation offers reduction of recipient Hb S through replacing it with Hb A from the donor. Increased use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers a curative therapy for patients with SCD that have access to an HLA-identical donor. However, limitations to indications for HSCT result due to associated toxicities with myeloablative conditioning and risk of graft failure. Reduced intensity and non-myeloablative conditioning look at reducing associated toxicities and making HSCT readily available for the adult population through mixed chimerism. In addition, clinical trials looking at alternative donors and gene therapies expand the availability of HSCT for the vast majority of patients without an HLA-identical donor.
Mesenchymal stem cells as potential regenerative treatment for pre-eclampsia: a review
Authors: Gallicchio Vincent , Tanner Sarah
Published: February 2023

Research in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering has continued to show advancement towards being a potential cure for autoimmune disorders. Specifically, mesenchymal stem cells show great potential in tissue regeneration and repair. Pre-eclampsia is a systematic endothelial dysfunction disorder that leads to hypertension and proteinuria. This occurs when syncytiotrophoblast are under stress and can’t properly remodel the spiral arteries of the placental bed. Mesenchymal stem cells are being used to reverse the damage already done by pre-eclampsia and restore equilibrium. Current research shows promising outcomes when tested on animals. Experiments are being ran to test all aspects of the disorder from regeneration and reconstruction to genetic foundations.
https://medcraveonline.com/JSRT/novel-technique-of-aesthetic-skin-rejuvenation-with-cellular-extracted-compounds-enriched-with-peptides-and-hyaluronic-acid.html
Authors: Chernykh Volodymyr , Nallenthiran Lingeswran , Yefimov Simon , Yemeliyanova Margarita
Published: February 2023

The structural composition of the skin is dynamic, exhibiting various signs of aging such as the decrease in collagen and elastin content leading to increase in tactile and visual roughness, dryness, wrinkles, fine lines and stiffness as age advances. This study was done to elicit the efficacy and potency of mesotherapy using a cocktail of triple strength nano-sized peptides from the skin, placenta, mesenchyme fortified with collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) in the revitalisation of the skin of the dorsum of the hand. Ten male subjects suffering from mild signs of aging of the skin were treated with the formulation of MF+ SPMC + HA over the dorsum of both hands. The treatment course spanned over eight weeks with once a week application. Baseline assessment was done before the treatment and at the end of the first and second month and 90 days post-therapy, respectively, using photography, ultrasound comparison and biophysical parameters of the skin. The results proved the application of SPMC + HA rendered long-term hydration and improved the viscoelasticity of the treated area. The study concluded that mesotherapy application of MF+ SPMC extracts/peptides in combination with hyaluronic acid could be considered as a safe and effective method for rejuvenation of the skin of the dorsum of hands.
Biological importance of stemcells
Authors: Corona Lisboa José Luis
Published: February 2023

This document is a short article of reflection on the biological importance of stem cells and the current state of therapeutic practices around these magnificent cells, physiologically speaking gifted. The article briefly describes the three main types of tissues for obtaining stem cells, together with the comments made by the author and other reference research on the topic.
Understanding the presence of xeno-derived neu5gc in the human body, and its significance: a review
Authors: Yi Pan Shing , Anjum Clarice , C Chia Yvonne , Kour Anam K , Adalsteinsson Orn , Papacharalampous Michael , Zocchi Michele L , Kimura Isso , Sharma Rakesh , Macheret Leonid , Arthur Benjamin , Chan Mike KS
Published: February 2023

N-glycolneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is a sialic acid mainly found in mammalian species. It is absent in humans. This is due to an irreversible mutation of the CMP-Neu5Ac hydroxylase (CMAH) enzyme in humans, rendering them unable to synthesize Neu5Gc. The human body identifies Neu5Gc as “foreign”; and anti-Neu5Gc antibodies are produced by the human body in response to any metabolically incorporated, diet-derived Neu5Gc, as found in ingested red meats and dairy products.Varying quantities of Neu5Gc is found in some approved biotherapeutics used for the treatment of numerous medical conditions. This leads to the debate of potential risks and/or benefits of Neu5Gc in humans. The effects of the interaction between anti-Neu5Gc antibodies and antigenic Neu5Gc-containing biotherapeutics in humans are largely unknown and there are many discrepancies in terms of scientific evidence. This article reviews and discusses the current knowledge in the understanding of Neu5Gc in the human body and its potential significance.
Efficacy and safety of a cosmeceutical regimen based on a combination of low molecular weight hyaluronic acid, placental peptides and extract of Malus domestica in improving signs of periorbital skin aging
Authors: Chernykh Volodymyr , Nallenthiran Lingeswran , Yemeliyanova Margarita
Published: February 2023

Background: Periorbital wrinkle formation is a relatively early sign of skin aging. The public interest in the reversal of aging has increased significantly among demanding patients and aesthetic practitioners within the past decades. However, many aesthetic patients, whether young or old, prefer to avoid invasive procedures wherever possible, seeking natural-looking results.Therefore, physicians have had to respond to their patient's expectations. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate whether the synergistic anti-aging activity of MF3 Placenta 3R serum product has an influence towards the treating of wrinkles as well as skin hydration, and skin elasticity in the periorbital area. Methods: 23 healthy adult female volunteers were instructed to apply MF3 Placenta 3R serum containing a mixture of low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (LMWHA), placental peptides and extract of Malus domestica around the eye area twice daily during the study period of eight weeks. The skin measurements were performed in the periorbital area by investigating the skin elasticity (Cutometer) and skin hydration (Corneometer). Patients questionnaires were answered at 59 days. Results: The findings of the study proved a moisturizing impact of MF3 Placenta 3R serum throughout the trial that transformed into significant improvements in periocular skin hydration and elasticity. Conclusion: The tested formulation of MF3 Placenta 3R serum appears to be effective and may stimulate the periorbital skin rejuvenation in a women 44 – 52 years, resulting in the clinical appearance of smoother skin with less visible wrinkling. Further randomized, controlled studies have to be done to confirm these results.
Application of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Gallicchio Vincent S , Jordahl Kennedy
Published: February 2023

Despite the prevalence of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and neurodegenerative diseases, there is still a lack of effective and efficient therapeutic treatment options. TBI triggers an innate immune response and releases inflammatory molecules, creating a hostile environment that inhibits repair and regeneration. TBI has also been linked to a higher risk of suffering from neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s disease in later years. Novel stem cell research has provided a treatment option that overcomes existing barriers and can be used in regenerative medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are of particular interest due to their easy obtainability, homing potentials, multipotent differentiation, and immunomodulatory aptitudes. The challenges of this cell therapy and future prospects are discussed as well. This review aims to comprehensively study the potential of mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative medicine for treatment of traumatic brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.
The use of pesticides and the signs of poisoning in farmers of southern Brazil
Authors: Stedile Nilva Lúcia Rech , Cioato Fernanda Meire , Cavion Eduarda Manuela
Published: February 2023

Since 2008, Brazil has been leading the world ranking of the largest consumer of pesticides in the world. This increasing the risk of poisoning and environmental contamination. This paper's objective is to analyze the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and the manifestation of signs and symptoms of acute and chronic intoxication in agricultural workers in southern Brazil. This is a field research carried out through semi-structured interviews with 142 family farmers who produce garlic and grapes. The results show that only 17.60% of farmers use all eight recommended PPE. Most participants (90.84%) claim to wear boots, gloves (75.35%) and pants (73.94%). Regarding acute symptoms, 31.69% reported headaches after the pesticide application, 28.16% eye irritation, and 23.94% weakness/fatigue/tiredness. Of the total, 38.02% reported depression, and 35.91% had systemic arterial hypertension. The data set indicates that farmers are exposed to risks due to exposure to pesticides and the inappropriate use of PPE. It is noticed that a high number of workers presented acute symptoms after the use of pesticides. Therefore, it is necessary to raise awareness among farmers about the risks of human and environmental exposure to these products.
Waste to wealth: optimizing novel pectin acid extraction from honeydew (cucumis melo l. var. inodorous) peels as a potential halal food thickener
Authors: Omar Siti Radhiah , Md Hamsan Nurul Afiqah , Abdullah Muhammad Najib
Published: February 2023

Pectin is found to be widely used as additives in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. This study was carried out using a conventional acid extraction method. The influences of different acid reagents used (citric acid and nitric acid), extraction time (30, 45 and 60 min) and temperature (60, 70 and 80°C) towards the extraction yield and its degree of esterification (DE) of pectin from Cucumis melo L. var. inodorous peels being investigated. Citric acid gives the maximum yields of pectin (35.26%) under optimum condition at 80°C and 60 min. Extraction time and temperature were significantly (p>0.05) affected the amount of pectin yields, whereby the optimum condition for both acids was at 80°C and 60 min. The degree of esterification (DE) of the isolated pectin in this study was 50.38 % and 59.88 % respectively for citric acid and nitric acid where this pectin was considered as high methoxyl pectin (HMP). From the color analysis, the value for ‘L’, ‘a’ and ‘b’ for citric and nitric acid were significantly different (p>0.05) between each other. Citric acid has a lighter color of pectin extract which is preferable to be commercialized. Pectin from honeydew waste is a novel food ingredient in Malaysia and could be as an excellent alternative for replacing gelatin in food industry applications and other non-food potential interventions.
Influence of substitution on amino-acid profile, physicochemical and sensory attributes of breakfast cereal from millet, soycake, rice bran and carrot pomace blends
Authors: Adedamola I Akinyede , Timilehin D Oluwajuyitan , Jolaade B Dada , Esther T Oyebode
Published: February 2023

Background: Breakfast is often referred to as the most important meal of the day; however some have limited amount of protein and carotenoid. Hence, this study is aimed to evaluate the amino acid profile, physicochemical and sensory qualities of breakfast cereals from millet, soycake, ricebran, carrot pomace flour blends. The breakfast cereals were formulated using Nutri-survey with respect to 50% Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) of protein and fibre for adult and were formulated as follows; MS [Millet+Soycake (70:30) %]; MSR [Millet+Soycake+Ricebran (65:25:10) %]; MSC [Millet+Soycake+Carrot pomace (60:30:10) %] and MRCS [Millet+Ricebran+Carrot pomace+Soy cake (60:30:5:5) %]. The protein content ranged from 2.05-22.37g/100g; crude fat 9.34-22.05g/100g; crude fibre 2.19-3.78g/100g; total ash 3.21-5.43g/100 g; moisture 4.83-6.34g/100g; and carbohydrate 40.59-77.43g/100g respectively. An increase in protein content was observed with an inclusion of soycake into the flour blends. The mineral content ranged from 23.72-34.23mg/100g (P), 0.77-5.59 mg/100g(Fe), 0.03-0.04 mg/100g(Cu), 2.25-3.00mg/100g(Zn) and 0.80-2.71mg/100g(Ca) respectively. The phosphorous was the highest while copper was the least mineral in concentration. The breakfast cereals contained substantial amount of essential amino acid higher than the recommended value for children and adult, having glutamic acid as the most abundant and tryptophan with the least value. The functional properties ranged from; 0.78-0.81g/mL, 1.51-2.42g/mL, 1.66-3.89g/mL, 13.18-15.91g/mL, 12.00-16.00% and 59.44-199.40% for bulk density, oil absorption capacity, water absorption capacity, foam capacity, least gelation and swelling capacity respectively. The values for total carotenoid ranged from 0.0041-1.75mg/100g respectively. Based on the sensory evaluation, sample made from Millet and Soybeans (MS) blend was ranked best and most preferred by the panelist although all the breakfast cereal samples recorded high acceptability by the panelists.
An alternative form of strategic development planning for creating sustainable agricultures and conserving good quality farmland in the province of Québec, Canada
Authors: Bryant Christopher R , Akkari Cherine
Published: February 2023

The aim of this short article is to introduce an alternative approach to conserving good quality farmland while also creating sustainable agricultures. Many jurisdictions have introduced measures to conserve good quality farmland and the agricultural activities it supports through conventional land use planning. However, conventional land use planning can really only support good quality farmland and its farm activities as long as the political actors in charge of the management of such land use planning activities are committed to conserving good quality farmland and the farm activities it supports.1 Frequently however, in multiple jurisdictions the land use planners and their local (municipal) and regional (e.g. county) municipalities have removed land from agricultural land use zones to be used for subdivision and /or industrial park development. On the other hand, some countries or provinces have introduced legislation to protect good quality farmland, e.g. the Provinces of Québec and British Columbia in Canada, thereby drawing upon a higher level of government. However, while Québec for a long time had a role as a “top down’ government, it began to change this position once it recognized the values and abilities of actors on the ground particularly in relation to agricultural development and conservation issues.
The preservative effect of bee wax and calcium chloride coating on the quality and firmness of graviolas (Annonamuricata L.)
Authors: dos Santos Edmarcos Xavier , Jorge Repolho Ricardo Patrese , Sanches Alex Guimarães , Lima Keila Sousa
Published: February 2023

The ripening of soursop is marked by significant changes in the firmness of the fruit, with pulp softening being the main cause of quantitative and qualitative losses during commercialization. To minimize this problem, fruits of the 'Morada' soursop were immersed in solutions of distilled water (control), beeswax (3%), CaCl2 (3%) and the combination of beeswax + 3% CaCl2 for a period minutes and then stored at 15ºC for 16 days. Analyzes of physical-chemical and biochemical quality were investigated at four-day intervals. Considering the immersion solutions using isolated beeswax (3%) and CaCl2 (3%) resulted in satisfactory quality aspects in relation to the control, but it is in the combined use (beeswax + 3% CaCl2) that results were observed significant (p<0.05) such as less loss of fresh weight (6.93%), greater firmness (32.18 N), better balance of soluble solids (11.98ºBrix), titratable acidity (0.82 g. 100 g-1 citric acid), SS / AT (14.60), pH(5.58) and less degradation of starch (8.98 g.100g-1) and total pectin (0.25 g.100g-1), in addition to less activity of the enzymes amylase, pectinamethylesterase and polygalacturonase in relation to the other treatments, especially the control. These results indicate that the combined use of 3% beeswax + 3% CaCl2 preserves the physical-chemical quality and firmness of the pulp by reducing the activity of enzymes associated with the cell wall, thus suggesting a delay in fruit ripening.
Mineral in crop residues and interaction with soil minerals contents in Ethiopia: review
Authors: Gulilat Lemma , Chekol Yeshambel
Published: February 2023

This review aims is to explore different authors’ views about mineral contents of crop residues, aiming to demonstrate the benefit of supplementing minerals from soil with crop residue minerals, as well as point out effects on livestock productivity. Crop residue is the second main livestock feed resource, followed by natural pasture in Ethiopia, which has poor nutritive values. Nutrient composition of plant materials/crop residue depends on the nutrient availability of the soil, while nutrient availability of the soils depends on the nature of soils, season, climate, the topography of the land, interaction between animals and humans, time/period of sampling and application of inorganic fertilizers. Trace minerals deficiency of grazing land causes different effects on livestock and the plants themselves. Many incidences of mineral inadequacies in forages and soils have turned out the main causes of reproduction failure and low production rates by Ethiopian livestock.
Quanta of the magnetic monopole entering the Oersted–Ampere law
Authors: Olszewski Stanislaw
Published: February 2023

The paper demonstrates that quantization of the magnetic monopole, much similar to that concerning the magnetic flux in superconductors, can occur also in a non–superconducting case represented by the Oersted–Ampere law. This result can occur on condition the Joule–Lenz law for the action quanta of electrons participating in the effect is taken into account. The quantum result obtained for a monopole can be confirmed with the aid of the uncertainty principle applied to the energy and time period characteristic for the current involved in the Oersted–Ampere phenomenon.
Nursing care for women in prison: an integrative review
Authors: Queiroz Terezinha Almeida , Feitosa Rebeca Nogueira , Alves Farias Maria Alice
Published: February 2023

The prison population is growing increasingly worldwide. Thus, as a way of delimiting this very broad subject, this study will emphasize the nursing care provided to women in prison. Identify nursing actions provided to women in prison. This is a literature review, performed in November 2019, in the Virtual Health Library Portal (VHL). the profile of female prisoners is primarily young, with a low socioeconomic and educational level, without performing a paid function. In addition, they sometimes have a broken family without access to vocational training. These facts may be directly related to the prison situation of such women. ​This study allowed us to understand that nursing care in face of this situation is significant than to aim for a careful and individualized assessment of each patient.
Assessment of pre-marital sex and its associated factors among rift valley university college students, jimma campus, south west Ethiopia, 2018
Authors: Angelo Abiy Tadesse , Geltore Teketel Ermias , Dacho Aklilu Mamo
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines adolescent people as those between the ages of 10 to 19 years. By nature these age groups are the age of experimentation and exploration associated with a range of risky behaviors, including risky sexual behaviors. Pre-marital sex as risky sexual practices can lead student adolescents to acquisition of STIs and un-intended pregnancy. However there is paucity of information in prevalence of pre-marital sexual practices and it factors in private higher institutions particularly to the study site. Therefore this study is aimed to assess the prevalence of pre-marital sex practices and associated factors among Rift valley university students, south western Ethiopia 2018. Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was conducted at Rift Valley University Jimma campus from March to April 2018. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Systematic random sampling technique was employed to select a total of 264 respondents in this study. The data were entered into EPI info version 3.5.3 and transferred to SPSS version 21 for analysis. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses were done. A P-value <0.05 was considered to determine the statistical significance of the association between factors and outcome (pre-sexual practice). The Odds ratio was also used to determine the presence and the degree of association between the outcome and independent variables. Results: Out of 264 aimed samples, 260 involved in the study and yielded a response rate of 98.5%. The prevalence of pre-marital sexual practice was 43.8%. Living status, AOR=3.8CI (1.91, 7.52) and substance use, AOR=4.67(2.59, 8.46) were found to be independent predictors of pre-marital sex among students. Conclusion and recommendations: Pre- marital sex practice among students was found to be high. Living status and substance use were independent predictors of premarital sex in students. Jimma zone health bureau should strengthen addressing in community and family involvement in adolescent health and substance use habit.
Anticancer drug development, challenge and dilemma
Authors: Lu Da-Yong , Lu Ting-Ren
Published: February 2023

Anticancer drug discovery and development is more difficult and requires high-quality than ever before. Biomedical, pharmaceutical, technology and economic factors must be overall reconsidered and reorganized. Despite great progress, many past obstacles and dilemma still remain. To solve these kinds of biomedical issues of therapeutic challenge and dilemma, this article provides multi-disciplinary perspectives of anticancer drug discovery and developments. Future trends are also discussed and highlighted.
Prevention of stress in covid-19: a review
Authors: Vandali Vijayaraddi
Published: February 2023

Stress is one of the regular aspect in every one’s day today life, especially current situation peoples experiencing highest level of stress due to deadly pandemic COVID-19, because rapid raise in number of positive cases across the globe i.e. more than 20 Million and in India itself approximately 5 million and death toll reached one million across the globe till date august 2020.But not yet found any vaccine or medicine to cure it till date. This also affected day today life of everyone including children’s to aged, business, schools and travel etc. Objective of this article is: Main objective of this article is to highlight the stress and its prevention, especially in the current situation, whole world is suffering with the deadly pandemic disease/viral disease COVID-19. COVID-19 which had epicenter in Wuhan province in China since December-2019 and today it caused to spread across the globe and claimed million plus lives with over 20 Million infected peoples till 20thaugust 2020 but not yet under control in most parts in the world except few countries. How to prevent STRESS during this pandemic: Yoga/Meditation regular practicing can prevent/relieve stress, playing games helps to reduce stress. Read books can also be one of the best way to divert/relieve stress by reading articles & story. Develop positive attitude, involve in daily activities, mingle with friends and family members, Music: it will help to relieve stress significantly, painting: may help to divert from stress, Laughter therapy: may reduce stress and improves quality of life and Aerobic exercises: may help to rid of from stress.
Solving numerically a seventh order boundary value problem by splitting coupled finite difference method
Authors: Pandey Pramod Kumar
Published: February 2023

In this present article we concerned with numerical solution of seventh order boundary value problem. We have proposed a novel finite difference method and derived proposed finite difference method by splitting coupled equations method. Under appropriate conditions, we have established the convergence of the proposed method. Also we have obtained a numerical value of derivative of solution of the problem which is practically useful in some modeling problem. We have applied proposed method for the numerical solution of model problems. Numerical results are in good agreement to the proposed theoretical results.
Multipurpose technology for simultaneous preparation of primary and secondary tillage of the soil (first phase: prototype design)
Authors: Reynolds Chávez Marco Antonio , Burela Ángel Capetillo , López López Juan Antonio , Lezama Rigoberto Zetina , Zapata Martín Cadena , Quintos Jaime Rangel
Published: February 2023

During the last decade in Mexico, the profitability of basic grain crops has decreased considerably due to low productivity caused by unfavorable soil and climatic conditions, which are aggravated by climate change. In addition, the variability of the international economic environment and the rise in fertilizer and fuel prices are factors that seriously affect the production of these food products. In this context, it is important to generate new practices and technological innovations that contribute to reducing these factors. There is an enormous technological lag in soil preparation. At present, the disk plow is still by far the most widely used implement for primary soil preparation in food production, causing high rates of soil loss due to erosion, hard layers, minimal use of moisture and, consequently, low productivity. On the other hand, it requires high power requirements, excessive operation times and high fuel consumption. The purpose of this research was to design a multipurpose prototype for the simultaneous preparation of primary and secondary tillage of the soil for crop establishment, with the objective of reducing operation times and fuel consumption, but without detracting from the quality of the labor soil and increasing yields. The results show the design of a Multipurpose prototype, as a mechanical equipment integrated by three sections (chisel plow + harrow + lump breaker), which are combined for the simultaneous preparation of primary and secondary tillage of the soil. This technology consists of a single step of soil conditioning (minimum tillage) for crop production, specifically basic grains.
Environmental risk assessments of uses cyanide in gold extraction on water quality parameters and its effect on rhodanese activities in selected organs of coptodon zillii in igun reservoir, Southwestern, Nigeria
Authors: Victoria Okunola Oluwakemi , Komolafe Olaniyi Olusola , Okonji Raphael Emuebie , Emmanuel Obayemi Oluwadamilare , Asafa Sakirat Temitope , Adesakin Taiwo Adekanmi
Published: February 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cyanide on the pattern of rhodanese activity distribution in selected organs of Coptodon zillii and water quality of Igun reservoir. Fish and water samples were collected monthly for period of a year to cover both seasons. The physical parameters such as air and water temperature, conductivity, TDS, pH, depth, and transparency were determined. Air temperature and water temperature were determined in situ with a mercury-in-glass thermometer, pH and TDS were determined by calibrated pH meter (PCE-PHD Version 1.1 Model Q656697). Selected organs such as gill, fillet, and liver were used for rhodanese activity analysis while physico-chemical parameters were analyzed based on APHA (2012) standard methods. The pH concentration recorded in this study ranged from 7.1 - 8.1 with a mean of 7.48 ± 0.47 while highest pH mean concentration was observed in dry season (7.61 ± 0.5) compared with the rainy season (7.36 ± 0.24). The mean cyanide concentration was high during the rainy season (0.09 ± 0.03 mg/L) compared with dry season (0.07 ± 0.04 mg/L). The results of rhodanese activity recorded in the gills, fillet, and liver of Coptodon zillii (3.66 ± 3.19 RU/mg, 3.73 ± 2.58 RU/mg, and 3.73 ± 2.68 RU/mg) respectively. Water temperature, pH, and depth showed a positive correlation with rhodanese activity in the gills while a negative correlation was observed between water temperature and rhodanese in the fillet and liver of Coptodon zilllii. Based on the cyanide concentration recorded in this study shown that Igun reservoir is polluted which can be can harmful to humans and other organisms could due to archaic gold mining method using by local miner around the reservoir. Coptodon zillii inhabiting the reservoir showed a high concentration of rhodanese in the different tissues that could serve as the detoxifying mechanism. However, further biochemical analysis of others fish tissue should be examined to determine the effects of mining pollutants on aquatic biota.
Checking the absolute value of the speed of light in 1D
Authors: Villarroya David Marqués
Published: February 2023

Einstein's theory of relativity establishes that the measurement of the speed of light is constant and invariant in any frame of reference. In this article, we will review that this postulate is fulfilled by applying the Einstein’s velocity addition for the case of one spatial dimension (1D). This work may be of special usefulness for physics students and teachers of pre-university and first-year university levels to introduce relativistic theory.
The authenticity of research problems
Authors: Sánchez-Obando Jhon Wilder
Published: February 2023

The definition of the research problem is fundamental, necessary to approach the study phenomenon. In spite of its relevance, it is not clear the method used to define it, which makes it difficult to design tools to approach the research phenomenon. This essay proposes a look from the concept of authenticity of the problem in the framework of analytical postmodernism to approach the named factor. In total, six study works published between 1921 and 2023 were considered, then ontological and epistemological elements underpinning authenticity were identified. The results showed that the research problem can be supported from the viewpoint of three perspectives: informal logic, critical positivism and postmodernism.
Genetic counselling in preconception and prenatal care provided by midwives, an international review
Authors: NO Núñez Segovia , FV González Parga , SP León Figueroa , F Calderón Canales , MA Alliende Rodríguez
Published: February 2023

Promote the change from genetic counselling carried out in preconception and prenatal check-ups, to genetic counselling provided by midwives themselves and at the same level of care with an open perspective to multiculturalism and plurality. This would mean improving primary care for women and their families, with a cost-effective activity practised by midwives. However, considering the experience of other countries where midwives undertake this activity, we believe it is essential that within the midwife's training in sexual and reproductive health, there is a high component of training in genetics in order to be able to carry out this task with the safety and effectiveness required by this change in care. Key words: prevention, preconception, counselling, genetic counselling, midwives.
Phyllodes tumors: A retrospective study of 22 cases in the department of gyneco obstetrics 2 of the Hassan II university hospital
Authors: Yassine Belhaj , Conte Alpha Boubacar , Aloui Fatima Zohra fdili , Jayi Sofia , Chaara Hikmat , Melhouf Moulay Abdelilah
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Phyllodes tumors (PTs) of the breast are rare fibro-epithelial tumors, which represent 1% of all primary breast tumors with an incidence of 0.3% to 0.9%, and they represent 2% to 3% of fibroepithelial neoplasms. Their diagnosis is based on histology. Our work aims to determine the epidemiological, clinical, histological and therapeutic aspects of PTs. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the gyneco-obstetric II department at the hospital center Hassan II, between January 1st 2015, and December 31st 2020 of, on 22 patients histologically proved cases of phyllodes tumors. Results: The study was conducted on 22 women, for whom the average diagnosis age was 35.6years old from 19 to 63years. 63.6% of the patients were nulliparous. The main clinical manifestation was a unilateral breast nodule measuring between 1 and 15.5cm (5cm on average). Mammographic exploration in the majority of cases revealed hyperdense opacity, roughly oval, well limited, often with regular outlines. The histological type was benign in 68.18% of cases, borderline in 18.18% and phyllodes sarcoma in 13.63%. The treatment was conservative in 86.37% of cases (lumpectomy), and radical in 13.63% of cases (mastectomy). After surgical treatment, 2 patients had insufficient resection limits and subsequently benefited from tumor bed revision. After follow-up, two tumors locally recurred with a huge mass that took up the entire breast. The two patients who had undergone a mastectomy and whose development was marked by the appearance of a second recurrence on the mastectomy scar, one of which was operable and the second had pulmonary metastases hence the indication of chemotherapy. Conclusion: Out of this study, we noticed that Phyllodes tumors of the breast mainly affect young women. The diagnostic confirmation necessarily requires histological proof which is not often easy by only biopsy. The best management of this tumor remains adequate surgical resection with healthy margins, while emphasizing the need for monitoring because the risk of recurrence is always present. The prognosis is based on the histological characteristics of the tumor and the quality of tumor excision.
Influence of Methyl Jasmonate and Salicylic Acid as Components of the Cultivation Medium for Rhizobium on Formation of Different-Efficiency Symbiotic Systems Glycine max — Bradyrhizobium japonicum
Authors:   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Nyzhnyk T.P. , Kots C.Ya. ,   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Kukol K.P. ,   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2023

Phytohormones are important in the main pathways of transduction of symbiotic signals between macro- and microsymbionts, and understanding of their participation in integration with other metabolic pathways, including prooxidant-antioxidant systems, is crucial in the formation of different-efficiency symbiotic systems. Aim. To investigate the effect of salicylic acid (SA, 50 μM) and methyl jasmonate (MJ, 0.75 μM) as components of the cultivation media of different in the activity and virulence rhizobia 604k and B1-20 on the peculiarities of the formation of symbiotic systems in terms of intensity and activity of catalase, as well as on the course of nodulation and nitrogen fixation. Methods. Microbiological (cultivation of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, seed inoculation), physiological (vegetation experiment), biochemical (spectrophotometry, gas chromatography), and statistical. Results. It was found that the use of SA (50 μM) as an additional component of the culture medium of active rhizobia Tn5-mutant B1-20 for seed inoculation induces increased levels of peroxide production and catalase activity in soybean roots in the early stages of symbiosis, which contributes to the effectiveness of its symbiotic apparatus. Addition of MJ (0.75 μM) to the culture medium of rhizobia B1-20 does not affect changes in peroxide content and catalase activity in the roots, however, stimulates the processes of nodulation and reduces nitrogen fixation. It has been shown that modification of the cultivation medium of inactive rhizobia of the highly virulent strain 604k using SA (50 μM) or MJ (0.75 μM) does not change the peroxide content and leads to an increase in catalase activity in soybean roots during the formation of an ineffective symbiotic system with activation of nodulation processes. Conclusions. When using SA (50 μM) or MJ (0.75 μM) as components of the culture medium for rhizobia of different activity and virulence (604k and B1-20), differences were recorded in the levels of functioning of pro-antioxidant systems, in particular, in the production of peroxides and active catalase complexes, at the early stages of the formation of symbiotic systems of Glycine max — Bradyrhizobium japonicum, which affects the intensity of the processes of nodulation and nitrogen fixation.
Microorganismos autóctonos como alternativa para la biofertilización de Glycine max (L.) Merrill
Authors: Ceiro Catasú Wilson Geobel , Gaibor Fernández Ramiro Remigio , Vargas Gálvez Carlos Augusto , Botello Guevara Harri , Bonilla Landaverry Gesly , Sosa Sánchez Oandis
Published: February 2023

Introducción. Soya (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) posee importancia económica y nutricional por sus niveles proteicos y contenido de aceite vegetal de calidad biológica, necesarios para la alimentación humana y animal. Las alternativas microbianas de biofertilización de este cultivo podrían representar una opción para su producción con bajos insumos en condiciones tropicales. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de microorganismos autóctonos (MA) como alternativa de biofertilización de G. max en condiciones de bajos insumos de producción. Materiales y métodos. El experimento se estableció en una finca situada en la localidad El Coco, Yara, Granma, Cuba, sobre un suelo Pardo Mullido Carbonatado, durante el año 2021. Se usaron semillas certificadas de G. max cv. Incasoy-27. La siembra se realizó en primavera a una distancia de 0,70 m x 0,04 m. Se utilizaron tres dosis de MA (12, 24 y 36 L ha-1) y un testigo absoluto. Se evaluaron variables del crecimiento, rendimiento y sus componentes. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar; los datos se procesaron mediante ANDEVA, regresión lineal, correlación y análisis de componentes principales. Resultados. Los MA bioestimularon el crecimiento de G. max en un rango de 12 % y 24 %, mientras que el rendimiento se favoreció entre 16 % y 44 %. El análisis de correlación de Pearson señaló que la masa de semillas por planta y la cantidad de vainas por planta, constituyeron las variables más correlacionadas con el rendimiento. Conclusión. Con la inclusión de MA se logró una bioestimulación del crecimiento en longitud de las plantas de G. max cv. Incasoy-27 en comparación con el testigo y el rendimiento agrícola se potenció.
The Control of the Desert Locusts (Schistocerca Gregaria) in Somalia During the Upsurge Between 2019 and 2021
Authors: Owuor Alphonse , David McRae Heath
Published: February 2023

The desert "empty quarter" area of Saudi Arabia, together with Oman and, Yemen, was hit by a cyclone in May 2018, that resulted in vegetation flourishing and enabled the locust population present to increase 400-fold over the following six months. Following a second cyclone in October
2018, the population continued to increase an estimated 8000-fold. Swarms of these locusts in March 2019 flew east into southern Iran and thence to India and Pakistan. A change in wind direction enabled others to fly south into Yemen, where a civil war hindered any control operations. From
Yemen, swarms moved to Ethiopia and Somalia in October 2019 and later into Kenya. In contrast to most countries, nomadic pastoralists in Somalia are nearly two-thirds of the population and occupy about two-thirds of the country. The ecology of nomadic pastoralism is an adaptation to an environment
in which the availability of water and grass are critical factors. The life of pastoralists differs significantly from sedentary agriculturalists and is based on natural resource management that respects the limitations imposed on their environment, the necessity for mobility. The programme
confirmed the importance of using the biopesticide to protect the environment from the use of potentially hazardous chemical insecticides and the use of the less hazardous IGR pesticide as a barrier treatment on large areas of hopper bands to reduce the number and size of swarms enabling easier
targeting with the biopesticide. It also indicated that there were a number of Key challenges that had to be faced, namely: Difficulty in carrying out field evaluations during intensive control operations. Remoteness of control areas where caged experiments could not be conducted. Limited
number of government officers capable of carrying out field/laboratory assessments. Lack of suitable laboratory facilities to carry out subsequent observations on field collected samples. Narrow daily window for control operations with Metarhizium acridum operations are required as
the air temperature quickly rises beyond 30° C as early as 11.00 am. Sparse vegetation cover in semiarid areas affecting barrier treatment approach using aircraft
The BCPC Weeds Review 2022
Authors: Pallett Ken
Published: February 2023

The 59th Annual BCPC Weeds Review had the theme 'What next for IPM' and took place as a live event on Thursday 3rd 2022 at Sophie Taylor Building, NIAB, Cambridge with 72 delegates in attendance plus another 13 joining on-line. The meeting was chaired by Bill Lankford (Adama)
who outlined the IPM focus of the Review but started with an overview of the current status of herbicides based on the perspective from an early screening R&D company, MOA Technology.
Organization of Medical Care for Children in Home Front and on Front-Line Territories during the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Yaremchuk Oksana V. , Serebryaniy Roman S. , Kamelskikh Denis V.
Published: February 2023

The status of open and closed children’s institutions (nurseries, orphanages), existing personnel potential, results of communicablediseases control in Yamal (home front territory) and in Kuibyshev region (front-line territory) were analyzed. The differences in primary problems solving by Yamal and the Kuibyshev Region health authorities stood out. The key issues in Yamalo-Nenets national district were prevention of mass diseases and combating highly infectious diseases (typhus, etc.). Meanwhile, the key aspect of medical care in Kuibyshev region was to implement measures to combat the spread of gastrointestinal tract diseases and digestive disorders. Data is provided to compare the nutrition status of children in Arctic region and in Middle Volga region using these two regions’ examples. Difficulties in food supply are shown. They were quite the same despite the difference in habitat and the contingent of children (evacuated from Kuibyshev region and tundra residents). The claim that Yamal was supplied with food and industrial products with higher standards than southern regions has been questioned as archival documents have revealed the insufficient availability of products in children’s institutions
G.N. Speransky’s Contribution to the Development of Russian Pediatrics (to the 150th Anniversary of His Birth)
Authors: Baranov Alexander A. , Sher Stella A.
Published: February 2023

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Formulation of eucalyptus oil-zinc sulfide hybrid nanoemulsion and evaluation of its larvicidal potential against Aedes aegypti
Authors: Kaur Komalpreet , Vashishat Nisha , Kaur Kocher Devinder
Published: February 2023

The growing threat of vector- borne diseases and environmental pollution has prompted the nanotechnology based investigations. The present study aimed to use one of the nanotechnological applications with larvicidal potential against Aedes aegypti by preparing aqueous hybrid nanoemulsion of zinc sulfide nanoparticles and Eucalyptus globulus oil. The mean droplet size of prepared and most stable hybrid nanoemulsion (9.5 ppm) was found to be 60±10.00 nm with rectangular shape. The hybrid nanoemulsion exhibited LC50 and LC90 values of 7.63 and 9.22 ppm respectively against larval stages of Aedes aegypti. The findings obtained from the larvicidal assay were corroborated with SEM, histological and biochemical profiles of Aedes larvae after treating with hybrid nanoemulsion. Under simulated conditions, nanohybrid treatment demonstrated optimum larvicidal potency after 48 hrs of exposure. Further, biosaftey studies of hybrid nanoemulsion were carried out against Scapholebris kingi and this larvicidal concentration of nanohybrid was found to be non-toxic to this species. Thus, the following research explains the larvicidal efficacy of zinc sulfide based hybrid nanoemulsion of eucalyptus oil formulated during the present study is a step towards safe and efficient approach against dengue spreading vector mosquito, Aedes aegypti.