bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ANTECEDENTS OF ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH RESPONSES IN HOTEL EXPERIENCE EVALUATION
Authors: Rashid Basri , Chao Han , Nor Azam Nor Rabiatul Adawiyah
Published: October 2021

In today’s digital information era, it is common for hotels guests to share their visit experience to their acquaintances or public online especially on popular social media platforms. Hence, reviews and experience sharing have moved from the traditional words of mouth to the electronic word of mouth (eWOM). This paper aims to develop and propose a testable research framework for assessing hotel guests’ experience and their eWOM responses. Methodically, desk research was carried out by conducting an exhaustive review of past literature to establish a theoretical understanding of hotel experience assessments and to determine the variables and their measurements. Meaningful encounters with the hotel’s products and services are summed up as consumption experience in the forms of perceived value and satisfaction. This cumulative experience may entice the guests to upload their responses on digital platforms. Theoretically, the proposed framework reduces the gaps related to the formulation of research constructs for hotel visit experience assessment. Practically, this paper offers hotel operators a testable framework that can guide them in the development of survey materials in order to gain a comprehensive understanding about their guests visit experience assessment and their electronic word-of-mouth response.
Preventing Healthcare-Associated Legionellosis with Rapid Reduction of High Concentrations of Legionella Using Mechanical Removal of Blind Ends and Intensive Hot Water Flushing
Authors: Medić Alan , Balorda Ljilja , Matas Ivanka , Leto Ines , Puntarić Dinko , Dželalija Boris , Jurčev-Savičević Anamarija
Published: October 2021

Background: The aim of this paper was to present the effectiveness of the mechanical removal of blind ends and flushing of hot water systems at outlets as the only possible emergency measures to reduce the concentration of Legionella spp in hot water.
Methods: Two measures have been undertaken: mechanical removal of blind ends and intensive hot water flushing when the water has not been used for more than 7 days.
Results: We detected Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 in concentration of 1.000- 55.000 CFU/L at all samples sites. In the control sampling, after three weeks, we found seven sampling sites negative for Legionella and only two sampling sites positive. All nine sampling sites were negative after ten weeks.
Conclusion: Establishing good water flow throughout the hospital seems to be the most important measure, in order to make the multiplication of Legionella in the hot water distribution systems unlikely.
ОЦЕНКА ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЗЕМЕЛЬ МАЛЫМИ ФОРМАМИ ХОЗЯЙСТВОВАНИЯ В ОТРАСЛЯХ ПЛОДОВОДСТВА И ОВОЩЕВОДСТВА
Authors: Молжигитова Д.К. , Турганалиев С.Р. , Усенова А.Н. , Избасар Ж.Г. , Бисенгалиева Л.В.
Published: October 2021

В статье приведены результаты исследования использования земель в отраслях плодоводства и овощеводства. Рациональное использование земли областей Южного Казахстана является актуальной проблемой современности. С землей связано получение материальных благ, обеспечение людей продуктами питания и жильем, размышление пром-ышленных предприятий, социальных, культурно-бытовых и других учреждений. Размещение отраслей промышленности и сельского хозяйства тесно связано с месторас-положением и использования природных ресурсов в этих взаимосвязанных отраслях неодинаково. Был проведен анализ структуры использования земель в плодоводстве по категориям хозяйств в разрезе областей Южного Казахстана, определен расчетный уровень эффективности отрасли плодоводства и овощеводства по показателям валовой и товарной продукции. Рассмотрен метод интенсивной технологии по выращиванию плодов в Енбекшиказахском районе Алматинской области, а также преимущества инновационной технологий, в особенности системы капельного орошения. Сложившаяся к настоящему времени система земельных отношений вызывает необходимость совершенствования ее организационно-экономического механизма, поиска новых направлений повышения эффективности и конкурентоспособности ее использования. Данная оценка сельского хозяйства и сельскохозяйственной продукции будет иметь важное значение для разработки соответствующей стратегии для сельского хозяйства и развития сельской отрасли. Эти исследования будут способствовать оценке ситуации в отрасли, определению приоритетов и целевых отраслей, направлений деятельности и бенефициаров по согласованию с местными государственными исполнительными органами.
ТАМШЫЛАТЫП СУҒАРУ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСЫМЕН ӨСІРІЛГЕН ЖҮГЕРІ БУДАНДАРЫНЫҢ ӨСУ ЕРЕКШЕЛІКТЕРІ
Authors: Сембаева А.С. , Оспанбаев Ж. , Кененбаев С.Б. , Ержанова К.М.
Published: October 2021

Бұл мақалада, еліміздің оңтүстік-шығыс аймағы жағдайында тамшылатып суғару технологиясымен өсірілген жүгері будандарының өсіп-даму ерекшеліктері қарастырылған. Вегетациялық кезеңінде тәжірибе нұсқалары бойынша топырақтағы қоректену элемент-терінің құрамының өзгеруі, тамшылатып суғару жағдайында әртүрлі биологиялық тыңайт-қыштармен өсірілген жүгері будандарының биомассалық салмақтары, будандардың құрыл-ымдық талдауы, фотосинтетикалық қасиеттері мен дәндік жүгері будандарының дәнінің ылғалдылығы және өнімділігі зерттелген. Жүгерінің вегетациялық кезеңі бойынша орташа тәуліктік температура 3160,7°С құрады. Орташа кеш пісетін жүгері буданының Порумбень 458 вегетациялық кезеңде күн энергиясы 1485 МДж/м2 дейін келіп түсті. Нәтижесінде, 151,62 ц/га құрғақ биомассаның жинақталуына әсерін тигізді. Франциялық LG 305.00 буданының вегетациялық кезеңінің ұзақ болуына байланысты күн радиациясының түсуі ең жоғары 1576 МДж/м2 болып 248,76 ц/га құрғақ биологиялық массаны қалыптастыруға мүмкіндік берді. Жүгері егістігінде топырақта жеңіл гидролизденетін азоттың құрамын анықтау оның мөлшері ерте көктемнен бастап вегетацияның ортасына қарай 52 мг/кг-нан 68 мг/кг-ға дейін көтерілгенін және жинауға 59 мг/кг-ға дейін төмендегенін көрсетті. Демек, Вегетация кезінде жеңіл гидролизденетін азот - 52-68 мг/кг, жылжымалы фосфор – 47-57 мг/кг, алмасатын калий-313-386 мг/кг болғанда оңтайлы деп есептеледі, өйткені қоректендіру элементтерінің осындай көрсеткіштері кезінде көрсетілген өнімділік – 9,0-12,9 т/га құрады.
ПРИВИВКА ГИБРИДА ОГУРЦА (лат. Cucumis sativus) НА ПОДВОИ ТЫКВЫ (лат. Cucurbita), УСТОЙЧИВЫХ К ПАТОГЕНУ FUSARIUM
Authors: Шойбекова А.Ж. , Джантасов С.К. , Нусипжанов Н.С.
Published: October 2021

Проведена прививка 5 сортов тыквы на гибрид огурца методом в боковой разрез. В качестве подвоев использовали следующие сорта тыквы: отечественные - Афродита, Карина, Мозолеевская 10, Миндальная и российской селекции - Стофунтовая; и в качестве привоя гибрид огурца F1 Асылым, рекомендуемый для возделывания в условиях защищенного грунта. Тема исследования посвящена изучению влияния подвоев тыквы устойчивых к патогену Fusarium охysporum и на продуктивность гибрида огурца F1 Асылым, заложенных в весенне-летнем обороте в селекционной теплице. В качастве устойчивых подвоев к патогену Fusarium охysporum для дальнейшей работы выделились сорта Мозолеевская 10, Стофунтовая и Карина. Результаты исследований влияния прививки на различные отечес-твенные сорта тыквы на фенологический рост, развитие, урожайность и качество плодов гибрида огурца Асылым показали, что при прививке огурца на тыкву лучшими вариантами по сравнению с корнесобственным стандартом оказались сорта тыквы Карина и Стофунтовая. т.е. показатели по ранней урожайности превысил стандарт в пределах с 3,46 и 3,39 кг/м2 на 36,7% и 33,9% соответственно. Общая продуктивность варианты прививки на сорта тыквы Карина и Стофунтовая превысило корнесобственный стандарт на 42,38% и 36,68%.
РАЗРАБОТКА ТРАНСПОРТНОГО СРЕДСТВА (КОНТЕЙНЕРОВОЗА) ДЛЯ ПРИЁМКИ ИЗМЕЛЬЧЁННОЙ МАССЫ ОТ СИЛОСОУБОРОЧНОГО КОМБАЙНА И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РЕЖИМОВ ВАКУУМИРОВАНИЯ СИЛОСНОЙ МАССЫ
Authors: Жумагалиев Е.Р. , Сагындыкова Ж. Б. , Сатарбаева А.С. , Хазимов М.Ж.
Published: October 2021

В статье представлены особенности вакуумирования силоса в условиях хозяйства на передвижном тракторном агрегате. Представлены основные недостатки традиционного силосования, таких как силосование в траншее, в башне и в буртах, а также преимущество вакуумного силосования в ограниченных объемах в мягком контейнере. Для обеспечения силосования в вакуумируемых мягких контейнерах более приемлемым является применение передвижного агрегата, который позволит выполнить задачу силосования из-под комбайна в мягкие вакуумированные контейнеры ограниченного объема. В данной работе рассматри-вается передвижной агрегат на базе прицепа 2ПТС-6 для приготовления силоса в мягких контейнерах в полевых условиях. Рассматриваемый передвижной агрегат состоит из стандартного оборудования и разработанного устройства в виде передвижной платформы. Вакуумированная силосная масса в ограниченном объеме хранится с нулевыми показа-телями по потери и решает вопросы транспортировки силосной массы в любом объеме. Технические средства для осуществления для этой цели отсутствуют. Целью работы является разработка тракторного транспортного агрегата с компоновкой необходимыми техническими средствами для вакуумирования ограниченного объема силосной массы. Использование данного транспортного агрегата является выгодным для животноводческого предприятия, так как силосная масса уплотняется вакуумом (а не механическим путем) и средства легко демонтируются.
Evidence of a Tidal-disruption Event in GSN 069 from the Abnormal Carbon and Nitrogen Abundance Ratio
Authors: Sheng Zhenfeng , Wang Tinggui , Ferland Gary , Shu Xinwen , Yang Chenwei , Jiang Ning , Chen Yang
Published: October 2021

GSN 069 is an ultra-soft X-ray active galactic nucleus that previously exhibited a huge X-ray outburst and a subsequent long-term decay. It has recently presented X-ray quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs). We report the detection of strong nitrogen lines but weak or undetectable carbon lines in its far-ultraviolet spectrum. With a detailed photoionization model, we use the C iv/N iv] ratio and other ratios between nitrogen lines to constrain the [C/N] abundance of GSN 069 to be from −3.33 to −1.91. We argue that a partially disrupted red giant star can naturally explain the abnormal C/N abundance in the UV spectrum, while the surviving core orbiting the black hole might produce the QPEs.
The TESS View of LOFAR Radio-emitting Stars
Authors: Pope Benjamin J. S. , Callingham Joseph R. , Feinstein Adina D. , Günther Maximilian N. , Vedantham Harish K. , Ansdell Megan , Shimwell Timothy W.
Published: October 2021

The recent detection of the M dwarf GJ 1151 at 144 MHz low radio frequencies using LOFAR has been interpreted as evidence of an exoplanet magnetically interacting with its host star. This would be the first exoplanet detected around a main-sequence star by a radio telescope. Radial velocity confirmation of such a planet has proven inconclusive and it remains possible that the radio emission could be generated by a stellar coronal process. Using data from TESS, we shed light on this question by probing the stellar activity and flares of GJ 1151 as well as 14 other M dwarfs detected by LOFAR. GJ 1151 and three other star–planet interaction candidates are found to be inactive, with no rotational modulation and few, if any, flares. The remainder of the LOFAR-detected M dwarfs flare frequently. We consider it unlikely that stellar activity is responsible for the bright, circularly polarized emission from GJ 1151 and its three analogs and support the star–planet magnetic interaction interpretation.
Morphological Transition of the Compact Radio Lobe in 3C 84 via the Strong Jet–Cloud Collision
Authors: Kino Motoki , Niinuma Kotaro , Kawakatu Nozomu , Nagai Hiroshi , Giovannini Gabriele , Orienti Monica , Wajima Kiyoaki , D’Ammando Filippo , Hada Kazuhiro , Giroletti Marcello , Gurwell Mark
Published: October 2021

We report multiepoch very long baseline interferometric observations of the compact radio lobe in the radio galaxy 3C 84 (NGC 1275) during 2016–2020. The image sequence of 3C 84 reveals that the hotspot in the radio lobe showed the 1 year long frustration in 2017 within a compact region of about 0.07 pc, suggesting a strong collision between the jet and a compact dense cloud with an estimated average density of about (4–6) × 105 cm−3. Although the hotspot and the radio lobe began to move south again after its breakout, the radio lobe showed a morphological transition from an FR II- to FR I-class radio lobe and its radio flux became fainter. This is the first detection of the dynamical feedback from the cloud to the jet where the cloud located on the jet axis significantly interferes with the jet propagation and evolution at the central 1 pc region in the active galactic nucleus.
TOI-3362b: A Proto Hot Jupiter Undergoing High-eccentricity Tidal Migration
Authors: Dong Jiayin , Huang Chelsea X. , Zhou George , Dawson Rebekah I. , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Eastman Jason D. , Collins Karen A. , Quinn Samuel N. , Shporer Avi , Triaud Amaury H. M. J. , Wang Songhu , Beatty Thomas , Jackson Jonathon M. , Collins Kevin I. , Abe Lyu , Suarez Olga , Crouzet Nicolas , Mékarnia Djamel , Dransfield Georgina , Jensen Eric L. N. , Stockdale Chris , Barkaoui Khalid , Heitzmann Alexis , Wright Duncan J. , Addison Brett C. , Wittenmyer Robert A. , Okumura Jack , Bowler Brendan P. , Horner Jonathan , Kane Stephen R. , Kielkopf John , Liu Huigen , Plavchan Peter , Mengel Matthew W. , Ricker George R. , Vanderspek Roland , Latham David W. , Seager S. , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Christiansen Jessie L. , Paegert Martin
Published: October 2021

High-eccentricity tidal migration is a possible way for giant planets to be placed in short-period orbits. If this happens often, one would expect to catch proto hot Jupiters on highly elliptical orbits undergoing high-eccentricity tidal migration. As of yet, few such systems have been discovered. Here, we introduce TOI-3362b (TIC-464300749b), an 18.1 day, 5 M
Jup planet orbiting a main-sequence F-type star that is likely undergoing high-eccentricity tidal migration. The orbital eccentricity is 0.815

−
0.032

+
0.023

. With a semimajor axis of 0.153

−
0.003

+
0.002

au, the planet’s orbit is expected to shrink to a final orbital radius of 0.051

−
0.006

+
0.008

au after complete tidal circularization. Several mechanisms could explain the extreme value of the planet’s eccentricity, such as planet–planet scattering and secular interactions. Such hypotheses can be tested with follow-up observations of the system, e.g., measuring the stellar obliquity and searching for companions in the system with precise, long-term radial-velocity observations. The variation in the planet’s equilibrium temperature as it orbits the host star and the tidal heating at periapse make this planet an intriguing target for atmospheric modeling and observation. Because the planet’s orbital period of 18.1 days is near the limit of TESS’s period sensitivity, even a few such discoveries suggest that proto hot Jupiters may be quite common.
Comparison of Anomalous and Galactic Cosmic-Ray Oxygen at 1 au during 1997–2020
Authors: Fu Shuai , Zhao Lingling , Zhang Xiaoping , Luo Pengwei , Li Yong
Published: October 2021

Using quiet-time measurements of element oxygen within the energy range 7.3–237.9 MeV nuc−1 from the ACE spacecraft at 1 au, we compare the energy spectra and intensities of anomalous and Galactic cosmic rays (ACRs and GCRs, respectively) during 1997–2020. Our analysis shows that the transition from the ACR-dominated spectrum to the GCR-dominated spectrum occurs at energies ∼15 to ∼35 MeV nuc−1, and the transition energy E

t
is found to be well anticorrelated with varying solar activity. This is the first study of ACR–GCR transition energy dependence on the solar cycle variation. At energies below E

t
, the index of the power-law ACR-dominated spectrum (γ
1) ranges from −2.0 to −0.5, whereas the GCR-dominated spectrum has a power-law index (γ
2) changing from 0.3 to 0.8 at energies ranging from E

t
to 237.9 MeV nuc−1. Both γ
1 and γ
2 are positively correlated with solar activity. In addition, during the solar cycle 24/25 minimum period, the peak GCR intensity observed by ACE spacecraft is about 8% above its 2009 value, setting a new record since the space age, while the peak ACR intensity is almost similar to that of the previous two solar cycles with the same pattern of solar magnetic polarity, indicating a different modulation mechanism between ACRs and GCRs.
The Effects of Dark Matter and Baryonic Physics on the Milky Way Subhalo Population in the Presence of the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Nadler Ethan O. , Banerjee Arka , Adhikari Susmita , Mao Yao-Yuan , Wechsler Risa H.
Published: October 2021

Given recent developments in our understanding of the Large Magellanic Cloud's (LMC) impact on the Milky Way's (MW) dark matter subhalo population, we compare the signatures of dark matter and baryonic physics on subhalos in MW systems with realistic LMC analogs. In particular, we study the effects of self-interacting dark matter (SIDM), warm dark matter (WDM), and the Galactic disk on the peak maximum circular velocity (V
peak) function, radial distribution, and spatial distribution of MW and LMC-associated subhalos using cosmological dark matter-only zoom-in simulations of MW+LMC systems. For a fixed abundance of subhalos expected to host dwarf galaxies (V
peak ≳ 20 km s−1), SIDM and WDM can produce a similar mass-dependent suppression of the subhalo V
peak function, while disk disruption is mass independent. Subhalos in the inner regions of the MW are preferentially disrupted by both self-interactions and the disk, while suppression in WDM is radially independent. The relative abundance of LMC-associated subhalos is not strongly affected by disk disruption or WDM, but is significantly suppressed in SIDM due to self-interactions with the LMC at early times and with the MW during LMC infall at late times, erasing spatial anisotropy in the MW subhalo population. These results provide avenues to distinguish dark matter and baryonic physics by combining properties of the MW and LMC subhalo populations probed by upcoming observations of satellite galaxies and stellar streams.
Energy and Waiting Time Distributions of FRB 121102 Observed by FAST
Authors: Zhang G. Q. , Wang P. , Wu Q. , Wang F. Y. , Li D. , Dai Z. G. , Zhang B.
Published: October 2021

The energy and waiting time distributions are important properties for understanding the physical mechanism of repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs). Recently, the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST; Nan et al. 2011; Li et al. 2018) detected the largest burst sample of FRB 121102, containing 1652 bursts Li et al. (2021a) We use this sample to investigate the energy and waiting time distributions. The energy count distribution dN/dE at the high-energy range (>1038 erg) can be fitted with a single power-law function with an index of

−

1.86

−
0.02

+
0.02

, while the distribution at the low-energy range deviates from the power-law function. An interesting result of Li et al. (2021a) is that there is an apparent temporal gap between early bursts (occurring before MJD 58740) and late bursts (occurring after MJD 58740). We find that the energy distributions of high-energy bursts at different epochs are inconsistent. The power-law index is

−

1.70

−
0.03

+
0.03

for early bursts and

−

2.60

−
0.14

+
0.15

for late bursts. For bursts observed in a single day, a linear repetition pattern is found. We use the Weibull function to fit the distribution of waiting time of consecutive bursts. The shape parameter

k
=

0.72

−
0.01

+
0.01

and the event rate

r
=

736.43

−
28.90

+
26.55

day−1 are derived. If the waiting times with δ

t
< 28 s are excluded, the burst behavior can be described by a Poisson process. The best-fitting values of k are slightly different for low-energy (E < 1.58 × 1038 erg) and high-energy (E > 1.58 × 1038 erg) bursts.
Some First Stars Were Red: Detecting Signatures of Massive Population III Formation through Long-term Stochastic Color Variations
Authors: Woods Tyrone E. , Willott Chris J. , Regan John A. , Wise John H. , Downes Turlough P. , Norman Michael L. , O’Shea Brian W.
Published: October 2021

Identifying stars formed in pristine environments (Population III) within the first billion years is vital to uncovering the earliest growth and chemical evolution of galaxies. Population III galaxies, however, are typically expected to be too faint and too few in number to be detectable by forthcoming instruments without extremely long integration times and/or extreme lensing. In an environment, however, where star formation is suppressed until a halo crosses the atomic-cooling limit (e.g., by a modest Lyman–Werner flux, high baryonic streaming velocities, and/or dynamical heating effects), primordial halos can form substantially more numerous and more massive stars. Some of these stars will in turn be accreting more rapidly than they can thermally relax at any given time. Using high-resolution cosmological zoom-in simulations of massive star formation in high-z halos, we find that such rapidly accreting stars produce prominent spectral features that would be detectable by the James Webb Space Telescope. The rapid-accretion episodes within the halo lead to stochastic reprocessing of 0%–20% of the total stellar emission into the rest-frame optical over long timescales, a unique signature which may allow deep observations to identify such objects out to z ∼ 10–13 using mid- and wide-band NIRCam colors alone.
Asymmetric H i 21 cm Lines of Fast Radio Burst Hosts: Connection with Galaxy Interaction
Authors: Michałowski Michał J.
Published: October 2021

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are enigmatic transients with very short radio emission. Their nature is still widely debated. I provide the first analysis of atomic gas properties of a small sample of FRB hosts to constrain their nature. H i observations exist for NGC 3252, the host of FRB 181030A, M81, the host of FRB 200120E, and the Milky Way, the host of FRB 200428. I report three observables: (i) all three FRB hosts are interacting galaxies; (ii) the H i spectra of both FRB hosts with such data available are highly asymmetric, several standard deviations above the general population of galaxies; (iii) two FRB hosts have normal atomic gas properties and one is strongly deficient in atomic gas. This indicates that nearby and repeating FRBs are connected with a recent enhancement of star formation due to interaction. This supports fast FRB channels, for example, a massive star with a short delay time so that interaction signatures giving rise to the birth of the progenitor are still visible. Long gamma-ray burst (GRB) and broad-lined type Ic supernova (SN) hosts exhibit much more symmetric spectra, even though they were claimed to experience gas inflow from the intergalactic medium. The difference can be explained by the interactions experienced by FRB hosts being more disruptive than these gas inflows, or by the mass effect, with GRB/SN hosts at lower masses having less organized gas motions, so with H i lines closer to a symmetrical Gaussian. This also suggests that the emission mechanisms of FRBs and GRBs are different.
On the Large Apparent Black Hole Spin-orbit Misalignment Angle in GW200115
Authors: Zhu Xing-Jiang
Published: October 2021

GW200115 is one of the first two confidently detected gravitational-wave events of neutron star–black hole mergers. An interesting property of this merger is that the black hole, if spinning rapidly, has its spin axis negatively aligned (with a misalignment angle >90°) with the binary orbital angular momentum vector. Although such a large spin–orbit misalignment angle naturally points toward a dynamical origin, the measured neutron star–black hole merger rate exceeds theoretical predictions of the dynamical formation channel. In the canonical isolated binary formation scenario, the immediate progenitor of GW200115 is likely to be a binary consisting of a black hole and a helium star, with the latter forming a neutron star during a supernova explosion. Since the black hole is generally expected to spin along the pre-supernova binary orbital angular momentum axis, a large neutron star natal kick is required to produce the observed misalignment angle. Using simple kinematic arguments, we find that a misalignment angle >90° in GW200115-like systems implies a kick velocity ∼600 km s−1 and a kick direction within ≈30° of the pre-supernova orbital plane. We discuss different interpretations of the large apparent black hole spin–orbit misalignment angle, including a nonspinning black hole.
Long GMC Lifetimes: Using the Method and Data of Meidt et al. (2015) with a Correction
Authors: Koda Jin
Published: October 2021

Meidt et al. derived short lifetimes of 20–30 Myr for giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in M51. Their novel approach utilizes a decline of the GMC population during their inter-arm passage from one spiral arm to the next. Using the inter-arm travel time t
travel as a fiducial clock, they converted the decline rate to GMC lifetimes. They implicitly adopted zero as the pattern speed of the spiral arms, resulting in a very short t
travel. However, it is well established that the spiral arm pattern in M51 is rotating, and that t
travel should be measured with respect to the rotating spiral pattern. Here we use the same method and data of Meidt et al. and re-evaluate GMC lifetimes by accounting for the pattern speed given by Meidt et al. This correction gives a longer t
travel, and consequently longer GMC lifetimes of 60–500 Myr.
K-band Luminosity Functions of IllustrisTNG300-1 Galaxies
Authors: Brainerd Tereasa G.
Published: October 2021

This Research Note summarizes preliminary results, presented at the 238th AAS meeting, for the K-band luminosity functions (LFs) of IllustrisTNG300-1 galaxies. For M

K
 ≥ −22, the simulation reproduces both the shape and amplitude of the LF for observed field galaxies. However, it significantly overproduces field galaxies with M

K
 < −22. For M

K
 ≤ −22, the simulation reproduces the shape of the LF for observed cluster galaxies, however at fainter magnitudes the LF falls below a simple extrapolation of recent observations. For M

K
 ≤ −22, the shapes of the LFs for red cluster galaxies and blue cluster galaxies agree reasonably well with observations, but neither is well-fitted by a Schechter function at fainter magnitudes. In addition, the faint-end slope of the LF in the inner regions of the clusters is significantly flatter than it is in the outer regions.
Evolution of the Gas Density in a Simulated Star-forming Cloud with Stellar Feedback
Authors: Lue Amanda , Guszejnov Dávid , Offner Stella S. R. , Grudić Michael Y.
Published: October 2021

Star formation involves gravity, turbulence, magnetic fields, and feedback from new stars through jets, radiation and winds. The evolution of the density probability distribution function (ρ-PDF) is directly related to the star formation rate (SFR), forming the basis of several star formation models. We utilize two runs from the STARFORGE simulation suite that follow the evolution of molecular clouds, while resolving individual stars and including all gas and feedback physics. The two runs have different initial conditions, one is a periodic box with driven turbulence (Box), while the other is an isolated cloud without turbulent driving (Sphere). We find that the ρ-PDF for both runs is initially well-fit by a log-normal (LN) plus a power-law (PL) function. However, as the SFR peaks, the PDF for the Sphere run becomes well-fit by just a wide LN. Conversely, the Box run PDF remains well-fit by a LN+PL function for the entirety of the run.
VeSPA: The SuperWASP Variable Star Photometry Archive
Authors: McMaster Adam , Norton Andrew J. , Dickinson Hugh J. , Thiemann Heidi B. , Kolb Ulrich C.
Published: October 2021

We present the first results from the SuperWASP Variable Stars (SVS) citizen science project. The photometry archive of the Wide Angle Search for Planets has previously been searched for periodic variations and the results of this search formed the basis of the SVS project on the Zooniverse. The SVS project asks volunteers to visually inspect light curve plots and categorize each one according to a broad classification scheme. Results from the first two years of SVS have now been published online as the SuperWASP Variable Star Photometry Archive (VeSPA). The archive can be browsed online, downloaded in full, or queried, filtered, and sorted to export a refined set of results. An interactive light curve viewer also allows any light curve to be folded at a user-defined period. Analysis of citizen science results and development of VeSPA features are both ongoing. Updated results will be published every six months.
Discovery of a Uniquely Cool and Compact Source at 28 pc from the Sun
Authors: Apps Kevin , Smart R. L. , Silvotti Roberto
Published: October 2021

We present the discovery of what appears to be both a uniquely cool and old white dwarf (WD) within 30 pc of the Sun. DES J214756.46-403529.3 is detected in four separate surveys, 50° away from the Galactic Plane. The combination of its very low luminosity and spectral energy distribution suggests an object unlike any other astrophysical body currently known. Among 8000 of the nearest single objects in the immediate solar neighborhood, it appears completely isolated in multiple color–magnitude diagrams. The data seem compatible with an extremely old and cool WD with a helium dominated atmosphere and a mass around 0.7–0.8 M
⊙ but spectroscopic follow-up is required to confirm its nature.
Modeling of Engulfment Material in the Binary System HIP 71726/71737
Authors: Yüce Kutluay , Cowley Charles R.
Published: October 2021

A parameterized regression fit to precision differential abundances, [El/H], in the wide binary system HIP 71726/71737 accounts for the condensation temperature dependence with a high significance. This fit includes 27 elements, Carbon through Europium. We discuss conditions and the implications of a fit to [Li/H] with the same parameters. These results support the hypothesis of engulfment of earthlike material.
Breaking the paradigm: Optimized Case Finding multiplies tuberculosis detection among key populations in Ukraine
Authors: Masiuk Liliia , Denisiuk Olga , Geliukh Evgenia , Islam Zahedul , Aslanyan Garry , Zachariah Rony
Published: October 2021

Introduction: In 2018, there were 3 million “missed” tuberculosis (TB) cases globally, much of which was disproportionally concentrated among key populations. To enhance TB case-finding, an Optimized Case Finding (OCF) strategy involving all contacts within the social network of an index TB case was introduced in five regions of Ukraine. We assessed TB detection and linkage to TB treatment using OCF in key populations.

Methodology: A cohort study using routine programme data (July 2018 – March 2020). OCF empowers the index TB case to identify and refer up to eight close contacts within his/her social network for TB investigations.

Results: Of 726 index TB cases in key populations, 6998 close contacts were referred for TB investigations and 275 were diagnosed with TB (183 drug-sensitive and 92 drug-resistant TB). The TB case detection rate was 3930/100,000 and the Numbers Needed to Investigate to detect one TB case was 25. TB was most frequent among people who inject drugs and homeless groups. Compared to TB detection using routine household case finding within the general population (1090/100,000), OCF was 3.6-fold more effective and when compared to passive case finding in the general population (60/100,000), OCF was 66 times more effective. 99% (273) of TB patients were linked to care and initiated TB treatment.

Conclusions: The OCF strategy among key populations is highly effective in detecting TB cases and linking them to care. We advocate to scale-up this case finding strategy in Ukraine and beyond.
Factors Correlating with the Emotional and Behavioral Problems among Adolescents with Legal Problems
Authors: Hartini Sri , Penyami Yuniske , Prabandari Yayi
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems (EBP) among adolescents (12–18 years) in Indonesia is 28.4%. These problems are related to age, sex, family economic level, father’s education, peer relationships, psychosocial skills, and family mental health status. However, factors related to EBPs among adolescents who are dealing with law cases have not been widely reported. AIM: The purpose of this study is to find out factors correlating with the EBPs among adolescents with legal problems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used in this study. Fifty-nine adolescents with legal problems who were sheltered at the Social Protection and Rehabilitation Centre for Adolescents (SPRCA) and the Guidance Institution for Children (GIC) served respondents. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires were used to measure the EBP among adolescents. The Pearson Product Moment and linear regressions were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The prevalence of the EBP among adolescents with legal problems at SPRCA and GIC is 67.8%. The correlations of emotional problems, behavioral problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems with the EBP among adolescents with legal problems are 67.8%, 64.4%, 13.6%, and 57.6%, respectively. Age and psychosocial skills have an effect of 15.7% on the EBP among adolescents. CONCLUSION: Age and psychosocial skills correlate with the EBP among adolescents with legal problems at the SPRCA and GIC.
Phenology and diurnal behavior of common  shelduck Tadorna tadorna at Sebkhet Bazer (El-Eulma, Nouth-East of Hauts Plateaux, Algeria)
Authors: Bouaguel Leila , Charchar Nabil , Houhamdi Moussa
Published: October 2021

This work aims to study phenology and daytime budget of common shelduck Tadorna tadorna (Anatidae) for two wintering seasons (2017/2018, 2018/2019) at Sebkhet Bazer (El-Eulma) North-East of Algeria from September to March. The obtained results show that common shelduck has the status of a wintering species. It was observed presently in the site during the study period. Common shelduck numbers begin to increase from the first decade of September to reach the maximums between late December and early January, where we had recorded the peaks of abundance 840 for the first season and 930 for the second. During our monitoring, budget time results showed that feeding is the dominant activity (surface water feeding, feeding on banks, and feeding by tipping), which take a ratio of more than 68%, the second activity is swimming with 18.71%, followed by preening which holds 9.14%, sleeping activity with a ratio of 2.38%, flight take the five range with a ratio of 0.82%. Finally, courtship and agonistic behavior recorded the lowest ratio on all budget time – 0.42% and 0.38% respectively. We can conclude that Sebkhet Bazer is a diurnal grazing ground for this Anatidae species.
The Herniosina story continues in the Mediterranean: H. calabra sp. nov. from Calabria and H. erymantha Roháček, new female from the Peloponnese (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae)
Authors: Roháček Jindřich
Published: October 2021

A study of recently acquired material of Herniosina Roháček, 1983 (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Limosininae) in the Mediterranean subregion revealed a new species, H. calabrasp. nov. (Italy: Calabria: Serre Calabresi Mts) and the first females of H. erymantha Roháček, 2016 (Greece: southern Peloponnese: Taygetos Mts). Herniosina calabrasp. nov. (both sexes) and the female of H. erymantha are described and illustrated in detail including structures of terminalia, their relationships are discussed and new information on their biology (habitat association) is given. An update of a key to all know species of Herniosina species is presented.
Les inégalités sociales d’apprentissage : perspectives interdisciplinaires de recherche entre sociologie de l’éducation et sciences cognitives
Authors: Morel Stanislas
Published: October 2021

Résumé – Dans un contexte où la recherche sur les inégalités scolaires demeure marquée par un fort cloisonnement disciplinaire, l’article se fixe d’abord pour objectif de rappeler que la sociologie de l’éducation étudie de plus en plus la dimension cognitive des inégalités scolaires, tandis que les sciences cognitives portent, quant à elles, un intérêt croissant à la dimension « sociale » associée aux différences individuelles de développement cognitif et de réussite scolaire. Bien que les différences et les différends épistémologiques et méthodologiques entre sociologie et sciences cognitives n’aient pas disparu, l’évolution des deux approches permet cependant d’identifier certains points de convergence. Se proposant d’aller au-delà du simple constat de convergences entre les disciplines, l’article vise ensuite à favoriser le dialogue entre sociologie de l’éducation et sciences cognitives en précisant le plus concrètement possible, sur un mode programmatique, certaines perspectives de recherche interdisciplinaires pouvant donner lieu à des collaborations interdisciplinaires sur la question des inégalités scolaires.
Pullback dynamics of a 3D modified Navier-Stokes equations with double delays
Authors: Zhang Pan , Huang Lan , Lu Rui , Yang Xin-Guang
Published: October 2021

This paper is concerned with the tempered pullback dynamics for a 3D modified Navier-Stokes equations with double time-delays, which includes delays on external force and convective terms respectively. Based on the property of monotone operator and some suitable hypotheses on the external forces, the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions can be shown in an appropriate functional Banach space. By using the energy equation technique and weak convergence method to achieve asymptotic compactness for the process, the existence of minimal family of pullback attractors has also been derived.
On the existence of solutions for the Frenkel-Kontorova models on quasi-crystals
Authors: Du Jianxing , Su Xifeng
Published: October 2021

This article focuses on recent investigations on equilibria of the Frenkel-Kontorova models subjected to potentials generated by quasi-crystals.

We present a specific one-dimensional model with an explicit potential driven by the Fibonacci quasi-crystal. For a given positive number $ \theta $, we show that there are multiple equilibria with rotation number $ \theta $, e.g., a minimal configuration and a non-minimal equilibrium configuration. Some numerical experiments verifying the existence of such equilibria are provided.
Planar vortices in a bounded domain with a hole
Authors: Yan Shusen , Yu Weilin
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we consider the inviscid, incompressible planar flows in a bounded domain with a hole and construct stationary classical solutions with single vortex core, which is closed to the hole. This is carried out by constructing solutions to the following semilinear elliptic problem

   $ \begin{equation} \begin{cases} -\Delta \psi = \lambda(\psi-\frac{\kappa}{4\pi}\ln\lambda)_+^p,\quad &\text{in}\; \Omega,\\ \psi = \rho_\lambda,\quad &\text{on}\; \partial O_0,\\ \psi = 0,\quad &\text{on}\; \partial\Omega_0, \end{cases} \;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;(1)\end{equation} $

where $ p>1 $, $ \kappa $ is a positive constant, $ \rho_\lambda $ is a constant, depending on $ \lambda $, $ \Omega = \Omega_0\setminus \bar{O}_0 $ and $ \Omega_0 $, $ O_0 $ are two planar bounded simply-connected domains. We show that under the assumption $ (\ln\lambda)^\sigma\leq\rho_\lambda\leq (\ln\lambda)^{1-\sigma} $ for some $ \sigma>0 $ small, (1) has a solution $ \psi_\lambda $, whose vorticity set $ \{y\in \Omega:\, \psi(y)-\kappa+\rho_\lambda\eta(y)>0\} $ shrinks to the boundary of the hole as $ \lambda\to +\infty $.
On the Galois group of three classes of trinomials
Authors: Ao Lingfeng ,   Mathematical College, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China, Fei Shuanglin , Hong Shaofang
Published: October 2021

Let $ n\ge 8 $ be an integer and let $ p $ be a prime number satisfying $ \frac{n}{2} < p < n-2 $. In this paper, we prove that the Galois groups of the trinomials

   \begin{document}$ T_{n, p, k}(x): = x^n+n^kp^{(n-1-p)k}x^p+n^kp^{nk}, $\end{document}

   \begin{document}$ S_{n, p}(x): = x^n+p^{n(n-1-p)}n^px^p+n^pp^{n^2} $\end{document}

and

   \begin{document}$ E_{n, p}(x): = x^n+pnx^{n-p}+pn^2 $\end{document}

are the full symmetric group $ S_n $ under several conditions. This extends the Cohen-Movahhedi-Salinier theorem on the irreducible trinomials $ f(x) = x^n+ax^s+b $ with integral coefficients.
Electronic, Vibrational, and Structural Study of Polysaccharide Agar-Agar Biopolymer
Authors: Pandey Ankita , Gupta Abhishek Kumar , Gupta Shivani , Gupta Sarvesh Kumar , Yadav Rajesh Kumar
Published: October 2021

Polysaccharide biopolymer Agar-Agar extracted from red algae is a natural and biodegradable polymer. It is a combination of agarose (a neutral and linear polymer, with repeated units of agarobiose) and a heterogeneous mixture of agaropectin (a charged sulfated polymer). In this study, a comparative study of structural vibrational and electrochemical properties of agar-agar biopolymer with two different methods HF (Hartree-Fock) and DFT (Density Functional Theory) using a basis set 631+G (d, p) is performed. The comparative structural study of agar-agar biopolymer by HF and DFT method has been carried out to calculate the stability of the molecule. The thermionic properties and Mulliken charge distribution are analysed to deliver a quantitative study of partial atomic charge distribution. The overall vibrational analysis of primal modes of the biopolymer has been studied using FTIR analysis. Based on highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) composition and energies, various chemical parameters of the biopolymer have been evaluated. The Physico-chemical properties of this polysaccharide show a strong correlation with its optimized structure. Agar-agar has its application in the electrochemical, biotechnological, and pharmaceutical fields, as a stabilizer and gelling material.
Gypsum Compositions Modified with Metallurgical Wastes
Authors: Yakovlev Grigory Ivanovich , Gordina Anastasiya Fedorovna , Ruzina Nataliia , Polyanskikh Irina Sergeevna , Pudov Igor Aleksandrovich , Shaybadullina Arina , Khozin Vadim , Černý Vit
Published: October 2021

The main results of the study of the influence of man-made products of the metallurgical industry on the properties and structure of gypsum binder are presented. It has been proved that the introduction of man-made modifiers, metallurgical dust, and slag leads to an increase in the strength properties and electric conductivity of the material, but, over time, the waste efficiency decreases. The use of Portland cement as an activator leads to the formation of amorphous hydration products based on calcium hydrosilicates, which bind calcium sulfate crystals and provide an increase in the physicomechanical characteristics and electric behavior of the gypsum composite.
Influence of Nitrate Species ANO3 and ANO3·nH2O on Physico-Mechanical Properties of the Aluminosilicate Adhesives for Wood and Wooden Structures
Authors: Guzii Sergii G. , Bazhelka Ihar , Romaniuk Volodymyr , Lapovska Svitlana Davydivna
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of studies of the effect of lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium nitrates on the physical and mechanical properties of aluminosilicate adhesives intended for gluing wood and structures based on them. Nitrates were introduced into the aluminosilicate adhesive of composition Na2O·Al2O3·6SiO2·20H2O in amounts of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt. %. Changes in the shear strength along the fibers of substrates made of pine, beech, and oak wood were studied after 7 and 28 days of hardening of aluminosilicate adhesives in vivo. It is shown that for gluing pine wood it is most expedient to use adhesives containing lithium nitrate, potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate is within 1.5 wt. %, the shearing strength along the fibers after 28 days of hardening is 1.7-1.8 times higher than the strength of the adhesive without additives. For gluing beech wood, it is most advisable to use adhesives containing potassium and ammonium nitrate in an amount of 1.5 wt. %, the shearing strength along the fibers after 28 days of hardening is 1.5 times lower than the strength of the adhesive without additives. For gluing oak wood, it is most advisable to use adhesives containing lithium nitrate, potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate in amounts of 0.5 and 1.5 wt. %, the shear strength along the fibers increases by 1.3-1.5 times for 7 and 28 days of hardening compared to the strength of the adhesive without additives. According to the degree of influence on strength, modifying additives can be ranked in the series LiNO3×3H2O>KNO3>NH4NO3>NaNO3.
Study of High Strength Concretes with Variability of Composition Designs
Authors: Křížová Klára , Ťažký Martin , Merunka Milan , Pikna Ondřej
Published: October 2021

High Strength Concretes (HSC) are concretes defined mainly by compressive strength. The strength of concrete can guarantee other excellent results of properties, namely durability. Essential for the production of HSC is a careful approach to the design of concrete composition, especially the quality of raw materials. It is primarily necessary to increase the content of the binder combined mainly with Portland cement and another admixture. Due to its excellent properties, Silica fume is largely used as an admixture, where it is necessary to consider its effective amount. It is also suitable to combine this admixture with other types of active admixtures. The question of the type of coarse aggregate fractions used is crucial. The quality and purity of aggregates is an essential part of the quality design of these concretes, influencing practically all the resulting parameters of concrete. The article presents a set of tests on designed High strength Concretes, differing in the composition of the concrete to demonstrate the variability of the design concept and its effect on the resulting values of strength and durability.
Thermal and Thermomechanical Properties of Refractory Forsterite-Spinel Ceramics
Authors: Nguyen Martin , Sokolař Radomír
Published: October 2021

This article examines the utilization of fly ash in comparison with alumina as raw materials and sources of aluminium oxide for synthesis of forsterite-spinel refractory ceramics. Raw materials were milled, mixed in different ratios into two sets of mixtures and sintered at 1500°C for 2 hours. Sintered samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Samples were also subjected to determination of porosity, water absorption and bulk density. Thermal and thermomechanical properties were determined by thermal analyses, refractoriness, refractoriness under load, thermal shock resistance and thermal dilatometric analysis with determination of thermal expansion coefficient. Mixtures with 10 wt.% and 20 wt.% of fly ash had the most promising results compared to alumina mixtures. Thermal shock resistance and modulus of rupture were improving with increasing content of aluminium oxide in the mixture.
Thermo-Mechanical Behavior of Fire Protection Boards
Authors: Diederichs Ulrich , Jäntsch Sandra , Sklenářová Dorothea
Published: October 2021

In the course of the repair and fire protection upgrading of an approx. 1100 m long road tunnel in Hamburg, the eleven crossings of fire protection channels were covered with sheet steel to prevent the nesting of pigeons. In this context, the mechanical strains that may occur in the event of a fire had to be determined. In particular, it was necessary to clarify which mechanical loads would result from relative movements between the substrate (fire protection board) and the cover sheets due to their different thermal expansion in case of fire. For this purpose, the thermal behavior of the CSH fire protection board was determined by means of simultaneous thermal analysis and dilatometry, and the mechanical and thermal behavior of the composite construction was studied. The studies revealed that due to the facts that thermal expansion of the both materials and due to the softening of the fire protection panel the restraint that is generated by the screwed-on perforated plate in the vicinity of the screw shafts remains low during thermal loading. As a result, the top plate does not crack or break off, which means that screwing on the perforated steel sheets not negatively affects the fire protection of the panels.