bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Veiksniai, mažinantys nuovargį darbe, hemodializės skyrių slaugytojų požiūriu
Authors: Burneikaitė Guoda , Spirgienė Lina
Published: December 2023

The aim is to find out the factors that can reduce fatigue at work, from the point of view of hemodialysis unit nurses.

Methods. The study was conducted in 2021. December - May 2022 in six hemodialysis departments, clinics, and centers. 21 nurses participated in the study. A qualitative analysis of the research was performed. Bioethics approval from the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences was obtained for the study (protocol No. BEC – SL(M)-131).

Results. In the opinion of nurses who work in hemodialysis units, a lower workload, namely a lower amount available per nurse, would reduce their fatigue. Experienced physical fatigue at work would be helped by fewer opportunities for important physical activities and/or physiotherapy, psychological fatigue would be helped by reducing the opportunity to also attend physical activities, a free sports club, or yoga. One of the most important factors determining work motivation and satisfaction is salary.

Conclusions. Flexible work schedules and optimal workload, sufficient salary, and the possibility of offering employees physical or other relaxing activities organized by a physiotherapist are important factors in reducing the fatigue of hemodialysis unit nurses at work.
Mast cells in histoid lepromatous lesions
Authors: KUMAR Rani
Published: December 2023

Ten patients with histoid lesions among the lepromatous leprosy cases, of both sexes in the age group of 35-65 years, were included in this study. Skin biopsy from the nodule with surrounding healthy skin of histoid lesion was taken. The biopsies were fixed in Susa solution and processed for light microscopy. 5-7µ thick sections were cut and stained with haematoxylin and eosin, Toluidlne blue and Fite Faraco. Observations were made on the dermis to locate the mast cells and bacili. Proliferation of mast cells and their degranulation were seen in the histoid nodule as compared to surrounding normal healthy skin where the cells were mainly intact. The study further investigates the role of mast cells in the histopathogenesis of the disease.
Estudo das reações de fernandez e mitsuda em pacientes hansenianos e seus contatos
Authors: ARRUDA M.S.P. , ARRUDA O.S. , ASTOLFI C.S. , OPROMOLLA D.V.A.
Published: December 2023

Pacientes hansenianos e contatos de pacientes virchowianos, totalizando 467 pessoas foram submetidos à reação de  Mitsuda. Esses indivíduos foram divididos em 5 grupos: grupo 1: — 59 pessoas, familiares de pacientes virchowianos; grupo 2: — 171 pessoas, funcionários que trabalham há mais de um ano no Hospital Lauro de Souza Lima; grupo 3: — 127 pacientes hansenianos em atividade, Mitsuda negativos; grupo 4: — 63 pacientes hansenianos em atividade,Mitsuda posi tivos; grupo 5: — 47 'pacientes virchowianos inativos, Mitsuda negativos. Pela análise obtida dos dados pode-se evidenciar que: a) pacientes hansenianos, tanto os Mitsuda positivos como os negativos, não apresentam positividade à reação de Fernandez; b) a reação precoce pode ser observada com maior freqüência em indivíduos do grupo 1 que naqueles do grupo 2.0 antígeno de Mitsuda provoca a viragem da reação de Fernandez em cerca de 30% dos contatos indiretos; c) o percentual de reações de Mitsuda negativas (sem induração) não difere entre os grupos 1 e 2,embora indurações menores de 5mm tenham sido 10 vezes mais freqüentes em indivíduos do grupo 1. Uma segunda aplicação do antígeno em pessoas Mitsuda negativas mostrou a viragem dos testes em 100% dos indivíduos testados.
Leprosy spread in urban area, part II: reactivity of Soluble Antigen (SA) in three different groups of leprosy contacts in São Gonçalo Rio de Janeiro State Brazil
Authors: ANDRADE Vera L.G. , SABROZA Paulo Chagastelles , CASTROS Antônio J. Werneck de , MOTTA Célio Paula , ARAUJO Adauto J.G.
Published: December 2023

In three different groups of leprosy contacts there were observed results of intradermoreaction to the soluble antigen (SA). In urban area endemic for leprosy (prevalence rate of 2,87 per 1.000 inhabitants) there were studied three groups: 1) intradomiciliary contacts or living together with a case for more than one year; 2) neighboring contacts or extradomiciliary one's; 3) inhabitants in the areas far from the focus. Thirty nine per cent of the 1.569 intradermoreactions were positive. It was demonstrated an association between the positiveness of the intradermoreaction and the proximity of the infection source, with the age and the time of residence in the same dwelling. The SA was considered a good instrument for the identification of the groups of risk for leprosy, although the findings do not quantify its predicting value in the individual diagnosis of the infection.
Leitura clinica e histológica da Reação de Mitsuda em comunicantes consanguineos e não consanguineos de pacientes com formas baciliferas da hanseníase
Authors: TRINDADE Maria Angela Blanooncini , FLEURY Raul Negrão , PETRI Valéria
Published: December 2023

Testes de Mitsuda avaliados clínica e histologicamente foram realizados em 17 consanguíneos próximos e em 23 não consanguíneos que eram comunicantes sadios de pacientes com as formas bacilfferas da hansenfase. A proporção de reaches histologicamente negativas entre os comunicantes consanguíneos (35,3%) foi significativamente maior do que a observada entre os comunicantes não consanguíneos (8,7%). Reações de Mitsuda clinicamente positivas (3)e duvidosas (1) sem  correspondôncia histológica foram encontradas entre os comunicantes consanguíneos, mas não entre os comunicantes não consanguíneos de hansenianos. Esses dados indicam que uma reação de Mitsuda positiva somente pode ser atribuída a comunicantes consanguíneos de pacientes com as formas bacillferas da hanseníase se ela tiver comprovação histológica.
Avaliação imunológica de pacientes hansenianos portadores de leucoplasia
Authors: ARRUDA Maria Suely Parreira , ROSLINDO N. C. , FLEURY Raul Negrão , Nogueira Maria Esther Salles
Published: December 2023

Doze pacientes virchovianos portadores de leucoplasias foram avaliados Imunologicamente visando determinara participação do sistema Imune nesta manifestação. As provas utilizadas não demonstraram qualquer anormalidade imunológica nestes pacientes de modo que, nossos resultados não apoiam a idéia de envolvimento imune inespecífico na patogênese das leucoplasias na cavidade bucal.
Russian Publications in Web of Science: A bibliometric study
Authors: Fiala Dalibor , Maltseva Daria
Published: December 2023

This article presents a bibliometric study of 1.38 million Russian publications indexed in Web of Science as of May 2022 without any restrictions as to document types, time periods, scientific disciplines, etc. From this perspective, the present analysis reflects Russian research’s true presence and visibility in the most prestigious scientific literature database. The main results obtained are: a) There was a rapid increase in research production in the 2010s, but the share of the Russian output in the global research production is still below 3%. b) International collaborative publications account for about 30% of Russian papers but around 70% of Russian citations. c) Physics, chemistry, and engineering are the most productive Russian research areas, but their citation impact is below the world average in those respective fields. d) The most frequently collaborating countries are the United States, Germany, and France, but Canada and Switzerland consistently contribute to the greatest relative citation impact of collaborative papers in the top ten research areas.
Os espaços de afeto em Regresso a casa, de José Luis Peixoto
Authors: Cruz Laylah Yaphah , Sousa Douglas de
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho objetiva investigar os espaços e quais suas relações com o eu poético na obra Regresso a casa, do poeta português contemporâneo José Luís Peixoto. O poeta José Luís Peixoto, nascido em Galveias, 1974, é um autor de grande destaque na literatura portuguesa contemporânea. Sua obra ficcional e poética consiste em dezenas de antologias, que são estudadas em diversas universidades nacionais e estrangeiras. Os principais temas que permeiam a poética de Peixoto são: relações familiares, ruralidade, bem como as relações entre a subjetividade humana e a história. Com um forte caráter autobiográfico e alegórico, o poeta representa muito de Portugal e seus espaços. O espaço é, antes de tudo, humano e não deve ser entendido como forma estrutural, nem como mero elemento onde se passa a narrativa, pois os sujeitos atribuem a ele as significações mais subjetivas encontradas no recôndito de seu ser e, desse modo, é impraticável se pensar em espaço sem relacioná-lo, de alguma maneira, com um sujeito. Assim, nesta análise as relações topofílicas do eu lírico que regressa não somente à sua terra natal e espaços de outrora, mas também a si mesmo, serão mapeadas. Para prover o aporte teórico necessário para realização das análises aqui propostas são utilizados, sobretudo, as ideias de: Antonio Candido (2006), Gaston Bachelard (1978), Ozíris Borges Filho (2020), Yi-fu Tuan (1983).
Ortaokul Türkiye Cumhuriyeti İnkılap Tarihi ve Atatürkçülük Konularına İlişkin Lisansüstü Tezlerin Bibliyometrik Bir Analizi (1997-2023)
Authors: BALTAN Betül , TANGÜLÜ Zafer
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışma, ortaokul sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerine yönelik okutulan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti İnkılap Tarihi ve Atatürkçülük dersi konuları ile ilgili 1997-2023 yılları arasında yayımlanmış yüksek lisans ve doktora tezlerinin farklı değişkenler çerçevesinde bibliyometrik bir analizini sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, sekizinci sınıf İnkılap Tarihi konularının öğretimi ile ilgili hazırlanmış 79 yüksek lisans ve 13 doktora tezi olmak üzere toplam 92 lisansüstü tez oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya 2023 yılında yayımlanan tezlerin de dahil edilmesi ile ulaşılan bulgulara göre; İnkılap Tarihi konuları öğretimi ile ilgili tez en çok 2019 yılında gerçekleştirilmiş, erkek araştırmacılar kadın araştırmacılara göre alanla ilgili daha fazla tez yürütmüşlerdir. İnkılap Tarihi konuları ile ilgili Gazi Üniversitesi bünyesinde diğer üniversitelere kıyasla daha fazla tez üretilmiştir. Bibliyometrik analiz bulgularına göre, alanla ilgili tezlerde araştırmacılar tarafından en çok nicel yöntemin kullanılmış olduğu ortaya çıkarılmış ve İnkılap Tarihi konuları öğretiminin eğitimbilim planlamaları çerçevesinde incelendiği saptanmıştır. Aynı zamanda tezleri yürüten araştırmacıların alanla ilgili öğretim programı, ders kitabı ve öğretmen kaynaklı birçok sorun tespit ettikleri ve bunlara yönelik öneriler geliştirdikleri bulgulanmıştır. Tezlerde dersin öğretiminde yeni yaklaşımların kullanılmasının ve öğretim materyallerinin çeşitlendirilmesinin, öğrencilerin derse karşı tutumlarında ve akademik başarılarının artmasında olumlu etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Značaj
određivanja bazičnog čimbenika rasta fibroblasta u urinu u dijagnostici,
liječenju i praćenju djece s infantilnim hemangiomima
Authors: Rešić Arnes , Obuljen Jasna
Published: December 2023

Cilj: Primarni cilj ove studije bio je istražiti značaj određivanja bazičnog čimbenika rasta fibroblasta (bFGF) u urinu u razli-čitim fazama rasta infantilnih hemangioma (IH) u djece.Materijali i metode: Provedena je studija istraživanja parova (case-control study). Za potrebe istraživane ciljne skupine kori-šteni su uzorci od pedeset (N=50) djece s IH. Kontrolnu skupinu činilo je stotinu (N=100) zdrave djece usporedive dobi i spola bez IH i vaskularnih malformacija. Za potrebe ovog istraživanja kontrolna skupina bila je podijeljena na fazu 1, koja je odgovarala proliferaciji ispitivane skupine, i fazu 2, koja je odgovarala involuciji ispitivane skupine. Imunotest (ELISA) korišten je za određi-vanje urinskih vrijednosti bFGF-a.Rezultati: Usporedba vrijednosti bFGF-a u fazama proliferacije i involucije u skupini bolesnika s IH nije pokazala statistički značajnu razliku (p=0,893). U kontrolnoj skupini tijekom 1. faze značajno više ispitanika imalo je vrijednosti bFGF u urinu ≥0,31 u odnosu na 2. fazu (P=0,003). Mjereno u fazi proliferacije IH, odnosno u fazi 1 kontrole, u kontrolnoj skupini značajno je više ispitanika imalo vrijednosti bFGF-a u urinu ≥0,31 (najniža vrijednost koja je bila detektabilna na uređaju): 24,0% prema 4,0%; P=0,008. Vrijednosti bFGF-a u urinu u fazi involucije IH u usporedbi između ispitivane i kontrolne skupine (faza 2) nisu pokazala statističku značajnu razliku (P=0,617).Zaključak: Iako se smatra da rast IH nastaje pod utjecajem angiogenih čimbenika, ova studija nije pokazala značaj i korisnost određivanja bFGF-a u urinu u dijagnostici, liječenju i praćenju djece s IH.
“Baixa renda? Eu tenho iPhone”: um estudo sobre o consumo de status pela base da pirâmide
Authors: Cardoso Campos Alyce , Carvalho de Rezende Daniel , Humberto de Oliveira Frederico , Montagnana Vicente Leme Paulo Henrique
Published: December 2023

O termo base da pirâmide foi atribuído por Prahalad para se referir às pessoas que possuem um baixo poder aquisitivo. De modo a ampliar o conhecimento sobre consumidores de baixa renda, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender a incorporação do simbolismo damarca iPhone na construção identitária de jovens da base da pirâmide. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas com 23 jovens de baixa renda, que foram analisadas através da técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin (1977). As categorias analisadas foram: (i) sentimento de status e prestígio, (ii) motivações e significado de possuir o iPhone e (iii) iPhone e a extensão do self. Verificou-se que as questões simbólicas prevalecem, pois mesmo que outros smartphones de outras marcas sejam considerados melhores, não conseguem derrubar todo o simbolismo do iPhone, sendo este o principal motivo da compra. Foi constatado que, além de buscar se aproximar da identidade de pessoas de classe superior, a posse do iPhone é uma forma de se distanciar dos mais pobres. Muitos entrevistados perceberam diferença em sua identidade após a aquisição do aparelho, tendo sentimentos de exclusividade e superioridade. Por meio de uma perspectiva sociocultural, foram apresentadas diversas motivações para consumir um bem de alto valor monetário e também uma discussão sobre os preconceitos e discriminações sofridas porpessoas de baixa renda, gerando assim informações relevantes tanto para pesquisadores, quanto para a sociedade e o mercado.
Carreiras individuais: descortinando as trajetórias de servidores Técnico-Administrativos em Educação (TAES)
Authors: Amaral de Castro Marco Aurélio , Oliveira Kamila Pagel de
Published: December 2023

As carreiras públicas na administração pública brasileira estão atreladas a um sistema tradicional que compreende um emaranhado de cargos enfileirados. Em outra direção percorrem os indivíduos, que, por sua vez estão valorizando menos os conceitos tradicionais como lealdade, autoridade, antiguidade ou promoção. O presente estudo, que foi sustentado pelo conceito de carreira individual dos autores DeLuca, Rocha-de-Oliveira e Chiesa (2016), teve como objetivo verificar o nível de alinhamento entre a carreira individual e institucional de servidores TAEs de três Instituições Federais de Ensino de Belo Horizonte-MG e região. Para alcançá-lo foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, descritiva, composta por múltiplos estudos de casos concernentes às trajetórias de carreira individual de seis servidores TAEs. Concluiu-se, que a carreira individual dos servidores TAEs participantes deste estudo está sendo construída com a predominância de um alinhamento parcial em relação à carreira institucional desta classe de trabalhadores. O artigo visa contribuir não apenas para a carreira em questão, gerando subsídios para que a área de gestão de pessoas lide com os desafios apresentados pelos TAEs, mas também com as discussões em torno da carreira pública brasileira, já que estas possuem contornos muito similares, notadamente tradicionais, que demandam avanços diante do contexto contemporâneo de gestão. Tal contribuição é potencializada diante da lacuna de referências teóricas e empíricas sobre a noção contemporânea de carreira no âmbito do setor público brasileiro.
Aceitação de Tecnologia: Utilização do App Mobile na Prorrogação de Empréstimos Rurais Durante a Pandemia
Authors: Briza Jorge Andre , Garcia Sheila Farias Alves , Galli Lesley Carina do Lago Attadia
Published: December 2023

O estudo identificou os impactos da utilidade, da facilidade de uso, do risco e da confiança na intenção de uso do app mobile na prorrogação de empréstimos rurais. Realizou-se investigação por meio de survey, com abordagem quantitativa por meio de levantamento, mensurando a relação entre os construtos por meio de escalas já validadas em estudos anteriores. A abordagem do público-alvo, permitiu mapear todos os clientes produtores rurais aptos à prorrogação de empréstimos rurais em 398 agências bancárias do Estado de São Paulo, com envio de questionário para 900 clientes, em 20 municípios diferentes, obtendo resposta de 79 clientes. O resultado constatou que a intenção de uso é influenciada pela utilidade e a esta é impactada pela facilidade, enquanto a confiança reduz a percepção de risco. Entretanto não comprova que a facilidade de uso e o risco afetam diretamente a intenção, bem como a relevância do risco na utilidade. A pesquisa junto aos produtores rurais no lançamento do serviço digital de prorrogação de empréstimos, concomitante à restrição de circulação e ao isolamento social impostos pela pandemia do Covid-19, permitiu apuração agregada de uma situação circunstancial, no entanto com impactos permanentes. O foco no nicho de produtores rurais permite o aprimoramento do conhecimento existente sobre o fator utilidade e viabiliza perspectivas diferentes para futuras pesquisas que visem medir a relação da percepção de risco e facilidade de uso como antecedentes de intenção de utilização. Permitirá que as instituições financeiras alavanquem estratégias para gerenciar o relacionamento com esse nicho.
Optimization of a GC-MS method for the detection of bioactive compounds from the green peel of pomelo cultivar ‘PO52’
Authors: Teoh Peik Lin  , Jabi bin Tananak  , Cheong Bo Eng
Published: December 2023

Pomelo is the largest and most popular citrus fruit known to possess diverse health benefits. Sabah’s fruit basket, Tenom, is famous for pomelo production. Among the pomelo cultivars being planted in Tenom, the PO52 cultivar is the most abundant one. To date, the bioactive compounds of the PO52 cultivar are not well studied. Although numerous aroma-active compounds from the peels of Malaysian pomelo have been reported, there are still many potential non-aromatic bioactive compounds that are yet to be discovered. In this study, we analysed the peel extract of pomelo PO52 using gas chromatography coupled to a single quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS) approach. We first analysed the pomelo peel extracts using two different GC-MS methods, one can detect 45 organic compounds with good separation, while the other can detect phytosterols and pentacyclic triterpenoids in Clinacanthus nutans roots. In our study, these two methods were able to detect bioactive compounds from the pomelo peels but with a longer running time and the generated total ion chromatograms (TIC) were also not smooth. Therefore, we further optimized the two methods by changing the temperature ramping and holding times of the GC-MS. Compared to the first two methods, the optimized method had the shortest total running time (38 min) and the total ion chromatogram (TIC) produced was smooth throughout the run time. Furthermore, bioactive compounds that have not been reported for pomelo peel before, such as osthole, α-tocopherol, gamma-sitosterol, friedelan-3-one and others were also detected using this optimized method. In conclusion, the optimized method is suitable for the detection of non-aromatic compounds present in the PO52 peels that can be subsequently applied in the next stage for large-scale analysis.
MEDICINAL BIOMAGNETISM FOR ANALGESIA - APPLICATION OF STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD THROUGH MODERN TRAUMA PROTOCOL
Authors: Palaikis Claudia , Macêdo Joseane , Silva Ataides Valéria , Lúcia Silva Vera , Mara Rambo Martini Angela , Viapiana Bossa Adriane , Souza Santos Jefferson
Published: December 2023

Pain is one of the most common reasons people seek medical care and is related to most disease states. It is estimated that the prevalence of pain varies from 37% to 70%, generating functional limitations and negative impacts on quality of life. Medicinal Biomagnetism (MB) is a therapeutic approach that corrects bioelectromagnetic dysfunctions through the application of Static Magnetic Fields (SMF), acting on the most varied pathological states. SMF can be applied in a controlled manner, locally to specific parts of the human body, aiming to improve inflammatory, infectious and dysfunctional conditions that can lead to pain. Objective: To evaluate the analgesic effects of applying one of the MB protocols, the Modern Trauma Pair (MTP), in participants with pain. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out, where the MTP was applied to 30 participants who had some type of pain, using the Visual Analogue Scale, to assess the intensity of subjective pain. Results: A statistically significant difference (p<0.001) was observed between the times before applying the protocol (average of 6.87), and 15 minutes after applying the MTP. There was a progressive decline in reported pain perception, reaching an average of 4.74 for acute pain and 4.84 for chronic pain, after 60 minutes of use. Conclusion: MTP can be an important therapeutic approach for pain relief. The Medicinal Biomagnetism protocol, MTP can contribute quickly and with minimal side effects to analgesia in different types of pain.
Early Post-operative Outcomes of Single versus Multiple Arterial Grafts in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting; A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Chaudhry Imtiaz Ahmed , Ali Nasir , Afzal Sidra , Bashir Imran
Published: December 2023

Objective: To compare early post-operative outcomes of Single versus Multiple Arterial grafts in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery.
Study Design: Analytical Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Adult Cardiac Surgery, Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jul 2022 to May 2023.
Methodology: One hundred and forty nine patients planned for elective isolated CABG (with two or more grafts) were enrolled in study using consecutive sampling. They were allocated into two groups, group A (Multiple Arterial CABG group) and group B (Conventional CABG group). Data was collected on early post-op outcomes i.e. ICU stay, ventilation time, inotropic duration, chest drainage, rhythm complications including Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) and mortality using a structured proforma. Chi-square and t-test were applied to make comparison between both groups. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Out of one hundred and forty nine patients, who underwent elective CABG, majority were males 124(83.2%). Mean age of the patients was 59.18±9.28 years. Seventy four (49.7%) patients underwent Multiple Arterial CABG while 75(50.3%) had conventional CABG. Mean ICU stay duration was 56.74±48.30 hours in group A while it was 67.25±73.42 hours in group B; p=0.30. Mean Chest Drainage was 622.05±505.69 ml in group A while it was 846.13±799.67 ml in group B; p=0.04. Mean ventilation time was 10.28 ± 19.88 hours..................
Conclusion: The use of the Radial Artery (RA) in CABG surgery was associated with better early ...............
The Role of Social Support in Promoting Resilience and Mental Well-Being
Authors: Afita Laili , Nuranasmita Tengku
Published: December 2023

This study was inspired by evidence of a shortage of psychological well-being in society. The purpose of this study is to investigate empirically the relationship between anxiety, social support, and psychological well-being in society. And within the family, the husband and wife play an important role in managing the family to create a sakinah mawaddah warahmah family to understand the concepts or principles of mental health hygiene, which function to develop a healthy mentality or prevent the occurrence of mental illness in family members. The purpose of this study is to define and describe mental health, as well as to investigate the relationship between mental health and family well-being. This study employs library research or (library research). Bibliographic research is a type of study that is used to gather detailed information from numerous sources such as literature, books, notes, journals, and other references. Researchers can get information from scientific publications, scientific journals, and theses that are relevant to the subject being examined as a source of data. According to the findings of this study, a healthy mentality has a substantial impact on the success of a family that promotes community life. According to the findings of this study, the construction of a family life that has a personality that grows with a healthy mentality influences the formation of a prosperous family. All of the intended goals in a family can be properly accomplished with a healthy mentality. A healthy and affluent family with effective family functioning and strong relationships is a good beginning point for developing people' and society's mentalities. This is one of the elements that can contribute to the onset of mental diseases and have an impact on society.

Keywords: Mental Well-Being, Resilience, Social Support
Integrating asset-based community development and community-based research for social change: A beginning
Authors: Chupp Mark , Hirsch Jennifer , Malone Margaret
Published: December 2023

This themed volume is grounded in a set of diverse case studies that bring community and university partners together using two aligned methodologies: community-based research (CBR), which evolved from higher education, and asset-based community development (ABCD), which evolved from community practice. The volume places these methodologies in dialogue with each other, to examine and begin to answer the question that guided the volume’s call for articles: can CBR and ABCD be compatible agents in equitable and sustainable change? From the case studies emerge five themes that we explore in this guest editorial: (1) the benefits of community-university partnerships; (2) the risks of community-university partnerships; (3) notions of community expertise and ‘community partner’; (4) the centrality of relationship-based methodologies in partner-building; and (5) explorations of power, equity and justice. The editorial opens and closes with discussion on the important systemic question of power imbalances between universities and communities, which has to be addressed for these methodologies to be effective, whether used on their own or in combination within community-university partnerships. It concludes with a discussion of the ‘deep, wide and connected’ community engagement that the articles as a whole suggest is necessary to have equitable and sustainable impact.
Evaluation of the efficacy of three medical device detergents on bacteria and yeast derived biofilm: a comparative study
Authors: Park Kuenyoul , Kim Mi-Na , Sung Heungsup
Published: December 2023

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three medical detergents against bacteria and yeast-derived biofilms. Methods: The biofilm removal efficacy of EmpowerTM (Metrex, USA), CidezymeTM (Johnson and Johnson Medical Inc, USA), and Matrix mintTM (Whiteley Medical, Australia) were compared to that of chlorine bleach. Biofilms were produced using Staphylococcus aureus RN9120, Escherichia coli ATCC35218, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Candida albicans ATCC14053, and clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida auris, and Trichosporon asahii. The organisms were suspended in tryptic soy broth (TSB) in 96-well microplates and cultured for 72 hours. They were treated with the detergents, and the residual biofilm mass was quantified using crystal violet staining followed by optical density measurements at 620 nm (OD620). Results: EmpowerTM and CidezymeTM significantly reduced the biofilm mass derived from all species by > 50% of OD620 at 37ºC except those from E. faecalis, T. asahii, and C. auris. Matrix mintTM had no effect on the biofilms under any condition. Conclusion: The culture conditions and the species of the biofilm-producing organism influenced the effectiveness of the detergent. Biofilms produced by E. faecalis, C. auris, and T. asahii were resistant to all detergent treatments under all conditions.
Comparative evaluation of critical concentrationsfor detecting borderline rifampin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Kim Chang-Ki , Huh Hee Jae , Park Jeong Su , Kim Taesoung , Sohn Jae Han
Published: December 2023

Background: Rifampin plays an important role in tuberculosis treatment. In recent years, the introduction of molecular testing techniques has enabled the rapid detection of rifampin resistance, leading to discrepancies with conventional methods. The World Health Organization (WHO) has analyzed mutations in the rpoB gene that induce rifampin resistance and identified certain mutations causing borderline resistance, which are often undetected using conventional tests. Consequently, the WHO has lowered the rifampin resistance criterion concentration from 1.0 to 0.5 μg/mL in 7H10 and MGIT 960. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of this change in critical concentration on the detection of borderline rifampin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods: Tuberculosis strains submitted for antituberculosis drug susceptibility testing from May 2021–2022 were analyzed. Three institutions participated; the Seoul Clinical Laboratories used the agar proportion method, whereas the Samsung Medical Center and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital utilized the MGIT 960 system to test both the original and revised concentrations. Mutations were confirmed through rpoB gene sequencing for strains showing discrepancies. Results: A total of 1,596 valid susceptibility tests were conducted during the study period. Rifampin resistance was detected in 35 cases (2.19%) at 1.0 μg/mL and in 38 cases (2.38%) at 0.5 μg/mL, whereas isoniazid resistance was observed in 158 cases (9.90%). Among the three rifampin discrepancy strains, one harbored an H445L mutation, whereas the remaining two exhibited an L452P mutation. These mutations were classified as borderline resistant. Conclusion: Applying the new rifampin critical concentration resulted in a 0.19% increase in resistance rate and an 8.57% increase in detection cases. Additionally, despite testing with large number of rifampin-susceptible strains, no false resistance results were obtained. Therefore, the application of the new critical concentration is considered beneficial for the management of rifampin-resistant tuberculosis.
Pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat desa kayulaut melalui UMKM komunitas kue khas Bika bakar kayulaut dengan strategi culinary fashion
Authors: Jureid  , Syarifah Nasution Dina , Siregar Nurintan
Published: December 2023

This Community Service is carried out by Lecturer of English Tadris Study Program STAIN Madina and Sharia Economics Lecturer Stain Madina with the method of Asset Based Community Development (ABCD). The implementation of Community Service is supported by various parties, in this case the Head of Kayulaut Village and Naposo Nauli Bulung of Kayulaut Village. And the Kayulaut Bika Bakar Cake MSME Community One of the reasons for choosing this village is because Kayulaut Village has the potential for a prosperous life through traditional bika bakar cake cooking skills by its residents, but it is known that in recent years the sales turnover of Bika Bakar Cake producers has decreased drastically due to several things, including packaging that still uses plastic bags and limited marketing access. Partner products cannot compete with modern pastry products made by already large businesses because there is not enough promotion. Partners still use simple tools – causing fatigue because they are continuously around the fire stove, so that the production of bika bakar produced is not optimal in quantity or quality.so that Kue Bika Bakar Kayulaut no longer meets trade turnover like a few years ago.  The stages of Community Service carried out are divided into three stages, namely; Socialization of Program Activities, Implementation and Evaluation. Community Service Lasted from 08.00 WIB until it was completed for three days starting from the preparation of the activity, attended by 70 participants.    The subject matter conveyed Through this activity; Logo / branding, packaging, and e-commerce. With the Community Service activities, the economic empowerment of the Kayulaut village community through MSMEs of the typical Bika bakar kayulaut cake community with a culinary fashion strategy is expected to increase the production turnover of Kayulaut Bika Bakar Cake so that the people of Kayulaut Village are more prosperous as MSME actors of Kayulaut Cake.
Point of no return
Authors: Волков Д.
Published: December 2023

Уже 70 лет назад именно ИТ стали инструментом обеспечения суверенитета, политического шантажа и давления, борьбы за власть и влияния в мире.

The nuclear project marked the beginning of the creation of a domestic ecosystem of IT equipment, OS and applications. Due to specialization, efficient computational methods and algorithms, and consolidation 70 years ago managed to maintain the balance of power.Today it's time again similar transformation to ensure real technological independence and the formation of a national digital immune system.
Improving the quality of life and improving prognosis in cardiology: two sides of the same coin. Overview of the satellite symposium
Authors: Белокрылов И.А.
Published: December 2023

Введение. В рамках Российского национального конгресса кардиологов в день его открытия 21 сентября 2023 под председательством докторов медицинских наук, профессоров Ю. А. Карпова и О. Д. Остроумовой состоялся сателлитный симпозиум «Повышение качества жизни и улучшение прогноза в кардиологии: две стороны одной медали». Цель работы. Представить обзор основных положений прозвучавших на симпозиуме докладов О. Д. Остроумовой «“Старые” и “новые” факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых осложнений у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией» и А. О. Недошивина «Качество жизни больного стабильной ишемической болезнью: суррогатная конечная точка или важнейшая цель лечения?» для повышения осведомленности кардиологов, терапевтов, врачей общей практики и гериатров о современных подходах к лекарственной терапии пациентов с артериальной гипертензией и ишемической болезнью сердца с учетом возраста, коморбидности, баланса эффективности и безопасности препаратов, особенно в терапии пожилых пациентов.

Background. Within the framework of the Russian National Congress of Cardiology, on its opening day on September 21, 2023, a satellite symposium "Improving the quality of life and improving the prognosis in cardiology: two sides of the same coin" was held under the chairmanship of Doctors of Medical Sciences, Professors Yu. A. Karpov and O. D. Ostroumova. Objective. To present an overview of the reports made at the symposium by O. D. Ostroumova «"Old" and "new" risk factors for cardiovascular complications in patients with arterial hypertension» and A. O. Nedoshivin «Quality of life of a patient with stable ischemic disease: a surrogate endpoint or the most important goal of treatment?» in order to raise awareness of cardiologists, therapists, general practitioners and geriatricians about modern approaches to drug therapy of patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease, taking into account age, comorbidity, balance of efficacy and safety of drugs, especially in the treatment of elderly patients.
Active thermokarst regions contain rich sources of ice-nucleating particles
Authors: Barry Kevin R. , Hill Thomas C. J. , Nieto-Caballero Marina , Douglas Thomas A. , Kreidenweis Sonia M. , DeMott Paul J. , Creamean Jessie M.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Rapid Arctic climate warming, amplified relative to lower-latitude regions, has led to permafrost thaw and associated thermokarst processes. Recent work has shown permafrost is a rich source of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) that can initiate ice formation in supercooled liquid clouds. Since the phase of Arctic clouds strongly affects the surface energy budget, especially over ice-laden surfaces, characterizing INP sources in this region is critical. For the first time, we provide a large-scale survey of potential INP sources in tundra terrain where thermokarst processes are active and relate to INPs in the air. Permafrost, seasonally thawed active layer, ice wedge, vegetation, water, and aerosol samples were collected near Utqiaġvik, Alaska, in late summer and analyzed for their INP contents. Permafrost was confirmed as a rich source of INPs that was enhanced near the coast. Sensitivity to heating revealed differences in INPs from similar sources, such as the permafrost and active layer. Water, vegetation, and ice wedge INPs had the highest heat-labile percentage. The aerosol likely contained a mixture of known and unsurveyed INP types that were inferred as biological. Arctic water bodies were shown to be potential important links of sources to the atmosphere in thermokarst regions. Therefore, a positive relationship found with total organic carbon considering all water bodies gives a mechanism for future parameterization as permafrost continues to thaw and drive regional landscape shifts.
Using variable-resolution grids to model precipitation from atmospheric rivers around the Greenland ice sheet
Authors: Waling Annelise , Herrington Adam , Duderstadt Katharine , Dibb Jack , Burakowski Elizabeth
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are synoptic-scale features that transport moisture poleward and have been shown to cause short duration, high-volume melt events on the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS). This project investigates the effectiveness of variable-resolution (VR) grids in modeling ARs and their subsequent precipitation around the GrIS using a study period of 1 January 1979 to 31 December 1998. VR simulations from the Community Earth System Model (CESM2.2) bridge the gap between limitations of global climate models and regional climate models while maximizing computational efficiency. VR grids improve the representation of ARs, in part by resolving small-scale processes. ARs from CESM2.2 simulations using three grid types (VR, latitude-longitude, and quasi-uniform) with varying resolutions are compared to output of ERA5 and MERRA2 observation-based reanalysis products. The VR grids produce ARs with smaller areal extents and lower integrated precipitation over the GrIS compared to latitude-longitude and quasi-uniform grids. We hypothesize that the smaller areal extents in VR grids are produced by the refined topography resolved in these grids. In contrast, smoothing from coarser resolution latitude-longitude and quasi-uniform grids allow ARs to penetrate further inland on the GrIS. The reduced areal extent in VR grids also likely contributes to the lower area-integrated cumulative precipitation, whereas the area-average cumulative precipitation is similar for VR, latitude-longitude, and quasi-uniform grids. The VR grids most closely match the AR overlap extent and precipitation in ERA5 and MERRA2, suggesting the most realistic behavior among the three configurations.
Use of soil respiration measurements and RothC modelling show effects of catch crops and precision and traditional agriculture on productivity and soil organic carbon dynamics in a 5 year study in Mediterranean climate
Authors: Balugani Enrico , Castellucci Alessia , Ruggeri Matteo , Meriggi Pierluigi , Volta Benedetta , Marazza Diego
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Finding agricultural managements able to increase soil organic carbon without a reduction in crop yields is important to: decrease soil erosion, protect soil ecosystem services, increase soil health, help to curb net CO2 emissions toward the EU goal of carbon neutrality. Various studies have shown that catch crops, when managed in the proper way, may result in an increase in soil carbon stocks; however, recent studies have cast doubts on those findings, due to short study duration (3 years or less), few data points, and catch crops mismanagement. Model studies to estimate the potentials of catch crops for soil carbon sequestration shown mixed results; however, in these studies, only the direct effects of catch crops (i.e. the input of carbon from crop inclusion in the soil) was accounted for. Here, we show the result of a study to compare two crop managements: traditional against catch crop together with precision agriculture. We measured agricultural productivity, soil organic carbon, soil respiration, and soil conditions in two different sites in Italy for a period of 4+ years, then we modelled the field managements using a modified version of RothC model, to account for both direct and indirect catch crop effects on soil. The results show that catch crops and precision agriculture can result in an increase in soil organic carbon, with no effects, or, in some cases, an increase in crop production.
Interpreting GEMS geostationary satellite observations of the diurnal variation of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over East Asia
Authors: Yang Laura Hyesung , Jacob Daniel J. , Dang Ruijun , Oak Yujin J. , Lin Haipeng , Kim Jhoon , Zhai Shixian , Colombi Nadia K. , Pendergrass Drew C. , Beaudry Ellie , Shah Viral , Feng Xu , Yantosca Robert M. , Chong Heesung , Park Junsung , Lee Hanlim , Lee Won-Jin , Kim Soontae , Kim Eunhye , Travis Katherine R. , Crawford James H. , Liao Hong
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Nitrogen oxide radicals (NOx ≡ NO + NO2) emitted by fuel combustion are important precursors of ozone and particulate matter pollution, and NO2 itself is harmful to public health. The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS), launched in space in 2020, now provides hourly daytime observations of NO2 columns over East Asia. This diurnal variation offers unique information on the emission and chemistry of NOx, but it needs to be carefully interpreted. Here we investigate the drivers of the diurnal variation of NO2 observed by GEMS during winter and summer over Beijing and Seoul. We place the GEMS observations in the context of ground-based column observations (Pandora instruments) and GEOS-Chem chemical transport model simulations. We find good agreement between the diurnal variations of NO2 columns in GEMS, Pandora, and GEOS-Chem, and we use GEOS-Chem to interpret these variations. NOx emissions are four times higher in the daytime than at night, driving an accumulation of NO2 over the course of the day, offset by losses from chemistry and transport (horizontal flux divergence). For the urban core, where the Pandora instruments are located, we find that NO2 in winter increases throughout the day due to high daytime emissions and increasing NO2/NOx ratio from entrainment of ozone, partly balanced by loss from transport and with negligible role of chemistry. In summer, by contrast, chemical loss combined with transport drives a minimum in the NO2 column at 13–14 local time. Segregation of the GEMS data by wind speed further demonstrates the effect of transport, with NO2 in winter accumulating throughout the day at low winds but flat at high winds. The effect of transport can be minimized in summer by spatially averaging observations over the broader metropolitan scale, under which conditions the diurnal variation of NO2 reflects a dynamic balance between emission and chemical loss.
Impact of Hurricane Irma on Coral Reef Sediment Redistribution at Looe Key Reef, Florida, USA
Authors: Yates Kimberly Kaye , Fehr Zachery , Johnson Selena , Zawada David
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Understanding event-driven sediment transport in coral reef environments is essential to assessing impacts to reef species, habitats, restoration, and mitigation, yet there remains a global knowledge gap due to limited quantitative studies. Hurricane Irma made landfall in the Lower Florida Keys with sustained 209 km h-1 winds and greater than 8 m waves on 10 September 2017, directly impacting the Florida Reef Tract (FRT), and providing an opportunity to perform a unique comprehensive, quantitative assessment of its impact on coral reef structure and sediment redistribution. We used lidar and multibeam derived digital elevation models (DEMs) collected before and after the passing of Hurricane Irma over a 15.98 km2 area along the Lower FRT including Looe Key Reef to quantify changes in seafloor elevation, volume, and structure due to storm impacts. Elevation change was calculated at over 4-million point-locations across 10 habitat types within this study area for two time periods using data collected from 1) approximately one year before the passing of Irma and three to six months following the storm’s impact, and 2) from three to six months after, and up to 16.5 months after, the storm. Elevation-change data were then used to generate Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) models in ArcMap to calculate changes in seafloor volume during each time-period. Our results indicate that Hurricane Irma was primarily a depositional event that increased mean seafloor elevation and volume at this study site by 0.34 m and up to 5.4 Mm3, respectively. Sediment was transported primarily west-southwest (WSW) and downslope modifying geomorphic seafloor features including the migration of sand waves and rubble fields, formation of scour marks in shallow seagrass habitat, and burial of seagrass and coral-dominated habitat. Approximately 16.5 months after Hurricane Irma (during a 13-month period between 2017 and 2019), net erosion was observed across all habitats with mean elevation-change of -0.15 m and net volume change up to -2.46 Mm3. Rates of elevation change during this post-storm period were one to two orders of magnitude greater than decadal and multi-decadal rates of change in the same location, and changes showed erosion of approximately 50 % of sediment deposited during the storm event as seafloor sediment distribution began to re-equilibrate to non-storm sea state conditions. Our results suggest higher resolution elevation-change data collected over seasonal and annual time periods could enhance characterization and understanding of short-term and long-term rates and processes of seafloor change and help guide post-storm recovery and restoration of benthic habitats in topographically complex coral reef systems.