bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydraulic Conductivity of Compacted Tropical Clay Treated with Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Eberemu Adrian O. , Amadi Agapitus A. , Edeh Joseph E.
Published: October 2011

Laboratory study on compacted tropical clay treated with up to 16% rice husk ash (RHA), an agro-industrial waste; to evaluate its hydraulic properties and hence its suitability in waste containment systems was carried out. Soil-RHA mixtures were compacted using standard Proctor, West African Standard and modified Proctor efforts at-2, 0, 2 and 4% of optimum moisture content (OMC). Compacted samples were permeated and the hydraulic behaviour of the material was examined considering the effects of moulding water content, water content relative to optimum, dry density and RHA contents. Results showed decreasing hydraulic conductivity with increasing moulding water content and compactive efforts; it also varied greatly between the dry and wet side of optimum decreasing towards the wet side. Hydraulic conductivity generally decreased with increased dry density for all effort. Hydraulic conductivity increased with rice husk ash treatment at the OMC; but were within recommended values of 1 x 10-7 cm/s for up to 8% rice husk ash treatment irrespective of the compactive effort used. This shows the suitability of the material as a hydraulic barrier in waste containment systems for up to 8% rice husk ash treatment and beneficial reuse of this agro-industrial waste product.
A Generalized Algorithm for Solving Multicriteria Scheduling Problems
Authors: Oyetunji Elkanah , Oluleye Ayodeji Emmanuel
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the scheduling problem involving optimization of multiple criteria (or objectives) is explored. There are many variants of the problem. The particular variant, in which the objectives are aggregated into a scalar function (with each criterion having weight which denotes its relative importance), is considered. An algorithm which can be used to solve very large classes of the multicriteria scheduling problem is proposed. The proposed algorithm and two solution methods selected from the literature were evaluated on a total of 900 randomly generated multicriteria scheduling problems (ranging from 10 to 500 jobs). Two variants of the release dates (0 – 24 and 0 – 49) are utilized. Results show that the proposed algorithm performed better than the selected solution methods when the total completion time criterion is much more important than the other criteria. However, when the total completion time criterion is much less important than the other criteria, the selected solution methods outperformed the proposed algorithm. The results are consistent under the two variants of the release dates.
Theoretical Rate Evaluation of Gas Phase Atmospheric Ozone Reactions
Authors: Igbafe A.I. , Omobude O.F.
Published: October 2011

The rate of transformation of ozone in the troposphere over a temperature range of-100°C and +100°C has been established. Tropospheric ozone with the quality of a strong oxidizing agent, is secondary pollutant species associated with the initiation of numerous chemical reactions in the atmosphere. In this study, a theoretical approach utilized Gibb’s free energy of reaction and enthalpy of reaction in transition state theory model equations to generate chemical equilibrium data and consequently reaction kinetic parameters. The thermochemical properties were obtained using electronic structural methods of the quantum mechanics computational chemistries which approximates the Schrödinger equation. The model chemistry methods were evaluated using the GuassView for generating molecular structures of species and the Gaussian 03 (G03) package for energy computation. The study revealed that the most relevant of the reactions considered was that involving NO with a rate constant of 7.39 x 1011 s-1 and energy of activation (EA/R) of-216.98 K while the least involved HS* with rate constant of 9.56 x 1069 s-1 and energy of activation (EA/R) of-202.95 K.
Finite Element Analysis of Aluminum Beam with Longitudinal Weld
Authors: Wu Yun , Zhang Qi Lin
Published: October 2011

Most aluminum alloys used for structural purpose are either heat treated or cold worked in order to develop higher mechanical properties. When alloys with enhanced properties are welded, the heat of welding reduces the strength in localized regions (named Heat Affected Zone) in and immediately adjacent to the welds, which makes the study of the bearing capacity of welded beams become more complicated. Nowadays it will be long time and cost much if only through experimental method to study the welded aluminum beams. Thus a finite element (FEM) analysis method is tried in the paper. By comparison the test results gotten with the ones of the FEM analysis, it is verified the feasibility of utilizing it to study the welded beams. Furthermore, a large number of results produced by this method validated the formula proposed in China aluminum code.
Experimental Study and Theoretical Analysis on the Seismic Performance of the New Frame-Bent Structure
Authors: Yin Long Xing , Bai Guo Liang , Li Hong Xing , Li Xiao Wen
Published: October 2011

In order to solve the problem that traditional main building for large thermal power plant cannot satisfy seismic requirements in high-intensity area, we put forward SRC frame-RC few shear walls structure system to conduct experimental study and theoretical analysis. Based on pseudo-dynamic test of 1/7 scale model and elastic-plastic time history analysis, the deformation property and capacity for dissipation of energy, as well as the failure mechanism are analyzed. The results show that the new structure system has well seismic performance, it can satisfy seismic fortification goals in 8 intensity Ⅱ zones, but the weak positions should be given enough attentions.
Experimental Study on the Influences of Deffctive Concrete on Chloridion Penetration Resistance
Authors: Liu Yan , Yi Cheng
Published: October 2011

Micro-crack defects in concrete can affect the Chloride ion permeability of concrete in a certain extent. In the paper, the splitting experiments of concrete specimens from the four different dimensions are carried out in order to build the even damage fields. The displacements of the concrete specimens’ surface are analyzed through DSCM (Digital Speckle Correlation Method). Therefore damage parameters are determined that are damage area based on the MCOD (Micro-Crack Opening Displacement) and damage variable DE based on the weighting-damping elastic modulus. At the same time, Clˉ permeation of concrete specimens before and after the splitting test are studied by NEL method, and Clˉ diffusion coefficients D are recorded in detail. Further relationships between damage parameters and diffusion coefficients of Clˉ are discussed.
The Performance-Based Fire Protection Study on Fire Spread of Logistics Centers
Authors: Wang Zhen , Zhang Shu Ping
Published: October 2011

This paper analyzes the fire hazard of logistics centers, puts forward to prevent the spread of fire has important significance on study the horizontal spread of fire performance under different fire scene of a project example by using the methods of calculation and numerical simulation. Provide a reference on the spray system and shelf location settings for such construction.
The Live-Action Fire Hazard and Computer Fire Simulation Research of Large Store
Authors: Zhang Shu Ping , Wei Wen Jun
Published: October 2011

This paper took a large store building from Xi'an city which was on fire in 2008 to be the research object, simulating fire smoke, temperature and flame situation with FDS computer numerical simulation, and performed a comparative analysis with its real fire scene pictures. The research shows that during the early 12 minutes, the flamed area is small, the simulated temperature, smoke are highly coherent with the real scene; In the mean time, when considering the whole spreading tendency of building fire in a period of time from macro angle, large eddy simulation can truly reflect fire transient turbulence properties, but the volumetric heat source method has some limitations in fire spreading simulation, thereby it will have a certain affect on smoke flowing simulation.
Duration Characteristics of Ground Motion Based on Wenchuan Earthquake
Authors: Lu Shu Nan , Zhai Chang Hai , Xie Li Li
Published: October 2011

Records from 56 stations on free-field within 150km to causative fault surface are used as database during the Mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake in china. According to this study, the duration of ground motion is strongly affected by rupture distance, site conditions, fault rupture directory and thrust of hanging wall. Duration is obtained based on the time between 10 and 80 per cent of Arias intensity. A simple attenuation relation in terms of rupture distance is proposed and compared with some available predictions. The durations of tri-component ground motions on hanging wall are smaller than those on the foot wall in the same range of rupture distance. Durations of ground motions close to rupture fault resulting from directivity effects are significantly different between the forward and backward direction, and this difference reaches nearly 2 times on average.
Analysis of Collision Parameter about Collision-Prevention Device of Bridge Pier and Optimum Structural Design
Authors: Zhang Hai , Fang Shuai , Yin Hua Tao
Published: October 2011

For the purpose of providing useful reference for optimizing the design of Collision-Prevention Device of Bridge Pier, analyzing the collision parameters and putting forward the ideal size of the circular steel tube and angle steel in absorbing energy,the ship impacting the steel tubular truss,which belongs to the Collision-Prevention Device of Bridge Pier, is simulated.The water level of ship and the size of circular steel tube and angle steel are discussed respectively with the ANSYS/LS-DYNA program，which is the nonlinear dynamic analysis software,to study the impact of change of the single collision parameter to the equipment for anti-collision which is the steel tubular truss.when the ship impacts the steel tubular truss under the ideal level,the circular steel tube and the angle steel could play fully in resisting the collision of ship, achieved a better absorbing effect.The circular steel tube can play a chief absorption effect through the bending deformation, while the relatively small energy is absorbed by the angle steel through the buckling deformation. The best sizes selected through the optimum structural design are shown as follows: the diameter of circular steel tube is 800mm; the thickness of tubular wall is 12mm; the size of angle steel is 100mm×100mm×12mm.
Discussions on Several Parameters of Q460 High-Strength Single-Angle Equal-Leg Compression Members
Authors: Li Tian Ji , Hao Ji Ping
Published: October 2011

This paper is based on the experiment of Q460 high-strength single-angle equal-leg compression members with a concentric load at one end and normal framing eccentricity at the other end. An experimental program confirmed that the finite element software ANSYS can be used, with a reasonable degree of accuracy, to simulate the experiment and predict the behavior and bearing capacity of single-angle compression members [1]. Then, parametric analysis was done in order to examine the impacts of several factors such as initial bending, Young’s modulus of elasticity and the gusset plate thickness. It was found that initial bending and Young’s modulus of elasticity in the angle section have slight effects on bearing capacity. When the gusset plate thickness to angle width ratio is no more than 0.2, the thickness of plate has less impact on bearing capacity; when the ratio is more than 0.2, the impact increased obviously.
Finite Element Analysis of Utility Pipe Tunnel Affected by Adjacent Deep Excavation
Authors: Qiu Wei Min , Zhang Hai Lin , Wang Gang
Published: October 2011

With the development of urban construction, deep large pits are often located at intensive underground structure area, and the utility pipe tunnel within various pipelines is the lifeline engineering of urban environment .Thus, there is the very necessary practical significance to research on utility pipe tunnel influenced by adjacent deep Excavation. Using large finite element software ANSYS, we analysis the problem with the deep foundation pit, support system, the soil around and adjacent tubes as an entirety. In considering of the mutual interaction between support structure and soil, as well as the element birth-death technology and restart analysis technology, the deep foundation pit mode is simulated and analyzed according to the actual construction process, including the gravity initial stress analysis and the simulation analysis on the each layer soil excavation. After simulation analysis the level of utility pipe tunnel’s horizontal and vertical displacement environment in different affecting factors and reinforcement measures, it is concluded that the law of utility pipe tunnel’s horizontal and vertical displacement, further the reasonable economic measure is put forward to protect the safety of the utility pipe tunnel. Therefore the conclusion has certain reference value for designing the foundation pit construction and the protection measures on the adjacent utility pipe tunnel.
Free Vibration Analysis for Elastic Plate Resting on Two-Parameter Foundation by Coupling FEM and BEM
Authors: Xie Hong Yang , Yang Huan , Yin Jin Quan
Published: October 2011

Based on two-parameter foundation model and Mindlin plate theory, the FEM equation for free vibration analysis of elastic plates resting on elastic foundation is derived by Hamilton variation principle. The effect of foundation beneath the plate is combined in the stiffness matrix of the plate element, and the effect of the foundation outside the plate domain is taken into account by boundary element method. By coupling FEM and BEM, numerical analyses for the free vibration of foundation plates are carried out. Calculated frequencies are in good agreement with measured results, which proves the accuracy and efficiency of the present approach.
Vortex Induced Vibration Numerical Simulation of a Spring-Mounted Cylinder in Current
Authors: Ai Shang Mao , Sun Li Ping , Chen Jing
Published: October 2011

A 2D CFD numerical method based on loose coupling algorithms was adopted to simulate vortex induce vibration of a spring-mounted cylinder. As the accuracy and reliability were focused, the effect analysis of time-step was applied to three typical reduced velocities, which was represented initial branch, upper branch and lower branch respectively. Under the effective courant number, there exist a time-step which would lead to the highest efficiency and the best match for experiment. Because of the limit of RANS method, the predicted vibration amplitude at the upper branch would be lower than experiment value, while the phase angle is sensitive to time step.
Research of Fractal Theory to AC-20 Asphalt Mixture Gradation
Authors: Dong Wei Zhi , Huo Hong Zhi
Published: October 2011

AC-20 is a widely used in Expressway Close-Graded asphalt mixtures. Based on fractal theory, the fractal dimension range is defined by Marshall Test result analysis of gradation fractal dimension and the Marshall Test parameters. According to the gradation curve of fractal dimension and the degree of fitting, selection of Target Proportioning Design of asphalt mixture, gradation design, optimization test method for reducing test volume has certain guiding role.
Analysis of Boundary Layer Wind Field Statistical Characteristics and Reference Wind Pressure in Wenzhou District
Authors: Wu Jian Jia , Shi Wen Hai
Published: October 2011

Based on large amount of meteorological wind field records observed in Wenzhou district, this paper analyzed the annual maximum wind speed (maximum 10 minute mean wind speed), annual extreme wind speed (maximum 3 seconds mean wind speed), reference wind pressure and wind field characteristics of typhoon in Wenzhou. The results shows that the annual maximum wind speed have a decreased trend on the whole in different areas of Wenzhou, and the trend in coastal area is more obvious than that in inland areas; the annual maximum wind speed in different areas of Wenzhou is unsteady and the typhoons have great effect on it; the value of reference wind pressure in Dongtou is greater than the value given by the design load code of China (GB50009-2001, 2002), but the values of other areas are less than the value of Code. Based on the wind field of three typhoon records, some significant results about the variation and routine characteristics of typhoon are also discussed.
Research on the Construction of the Underground Street Passage with FLAC 3D
Authors: Li Xiao Bing , Pan Lin You , Zhang Xian Bin , Wei Jie
Published: October 2011

With the fast development of scientific technology and city economy construction, Mining method adopted for shallow underground works, have being applied in the construction of underground passages at present. With typical Wenzhou underground passages embedded in silt and built by shallow mining excavation as the project background,3-D stress and deformation characteristics of a passage in the city center was analyzed by means of Finite Difference software FLAC3D, compared with field monitoring data of the underground street passage near the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College. Much important engineering information was obtained, such as the displacement deformation and stress nephogram of the passage, which can be referred for the construction of the similar underground projects in soft soil areas in future to make the projects more reasonable, safe and economical.
Influence Analysis of Anchor Parameters on Stability of Surrounding Rock of Roadway with Rock Burst Hazard
Authors: Yao Bao Zhu
Published: October 2011

For operation roadway of anchor net support with rock urst tendency, the paper analyzed mechanism that anchor of roadway depress disaster of pressure bump by use of dynamic theory and researched influence degree of different anchor parameters on surrounding rock of roadway with rock burst hazard by use of numerical simulation software FLAC3D. The research result showed that main influencing factors of deformation of surrounding rock of roadway are length and distance of anchor bolt, sensitivity for anchor parameters of deformation of roadside is higher than roof and bottom of roadway.
Caisson Foundation Design for Offshore Anchorage
Authors: Wang Qian , Tan Yong Gang , Geng Tie Suo
Published: October 2011

The cross-sea suspension bridge is one of the most important development branches of long-span Bridge. The anchorage construction on the sea is a key issue of cross-sea suspension bridge. This paper introduces a new kind of caisson foundation of offshore anchorage. This new design may reduce the construction cost and speed the process of working. In this paper the structural features and the construction gist are detailed.
The Elastic Analysis of Finite Element to the Shell of Blast Furnace under Thermal - Structural Coupling
Authors: Xu Shan Hua , Yang Xin Long , Li Jian , Shi Bin , Qiu Bin
Published: October 2011

Stress distribution of blast furnace shell is important to the security of structural system. According to real loads of blast furnace and temperature loads, this paper carries on the analysis of elastic finite element to a blast furnaces utilizing the software ANSYS. The result shows that most areas of the blast furnace are in elastic state, and only a few around holes are in plasticity state as the result of stress concentration; temperature loads have great influence over the structure stress and displacement. We obtain the stress distribution of blast furnace that is useful in the design of subsequent blast furnace.
Parameters Survey and Experiment on Steel Scaffold Components
Authors: Chang Chuan Li , Song Jian Xue
Published: October 2011

Ten construction sites are chosen as survey places, and several parameters for scaffold designing are collected, such as the wall thickness of steel tube, the weight of three kinds of couplers, the working tighten-moment on belts of couplers. Corresponding to different tighten-moment of the right angle coupler and anti-slipping tests are carried out. Reliability of 97% and wall thickness of 2.7mm should be considered in scaffold designing only about 10% of the practical used couplers comply with the National Code. The working tighten-moment of couplers should be 40 ～ 50N • m, which is up to the load bearing capacity of coupler.
Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Frames with Mild Steel Dampers
Authors: Zhu Jian , Tan Ping
Published: October 2011

This study focus on derivation of such fragility curves using conventional old reinforced concrete (RC) frames with Mild Steel Damper (MSD) of flexural energy dissipation braces. A set of stochastic earthquake waves compatible with the response spectrum of China seismic code selected to represent the variability in ground motion. Dynamic inelastic time history analysis was used to analyze the random sample of structures. Weak position was be pointed out, The result reveal that excellent reduction effect for structure of MSD is favorable and obvious under major earthquake.
Numerical Simulation of Two-Phase Liquid–liquid Flow in a New Static Mixer Structure
Authors: Zhang Hong Yan , Dong Hai Hong
Published: October 2011

In this article, Spiral belt static mixer with changing diameter was taken as the object. The numerical simulation method was used to investigate the mixing process of two-phase liquid–liquid flow in water treatment by a commercial CFD code,namely Fluent.The k-ε model and species transport model were established to research this project. Then the mixing effect was compared with that of HEV static mixer. The result showed that spiral belt static mixer with changing diameter promote the mixing effect greatly. The mixing effect relative to that of HEV static mixer increased 10 times and the the pressure loss only increased 3 times.
Experiment Research on Vertical Poles Height Differences Effect of their Force Distribution in Formwork Support
Authors: Cai Xue Feng , Zhuang Jin Ping , Wu Jian Liang
Published: October 2011

Three formwork support units were experimental studied by heaped load. The experimental parameter is vertical poles height difference and their values are follows: 0mm, 2mm and 4mm. The effects on vertical poles force distribution were analyzed. The results showed the more height difference, the vertical poles force bearing distribution more uneven. Compared to higher column vertical poles, the low column vertical poles’ force bearing distribution are also more uneven.
Support Size Adjustment Algorithm for Reproducing Kernel Particle Method with Semi-Lagrangian Formulation
Authors: Luo Han Zhong , Liu Xue Wen , Huang Xing Chun
Published: October 2011

As one of meshfree methods, reproducing kernel particle method (RKPM) is usually associated with semi-Lagrangian formulation for large deformation problem to avoid the failure of one-to-one mapping from current configuration to reference configuration. However, numerical crack may happen for large deformation problem working with semi-Lagrangian formulation, if we keep the support size of reproducing kernel shape function as constant. This paper proposed an algorithm to adjust the support size at every step and some numerical results are presented to demonstrate the improvement by the proposed algorithm. Meanwhile, this algorithm is very easy to implement for coding, which does not add much computational cost.
Detection of Early Structural Damage Using Stochastic Resonance
Authors: Xi Zhu You , Yan Yun Ju , Zhang Yu , Liu Liu
Published: October 2011

Bistable stochastic resonance is described by visual explanation. Engineering application feasibility of stochastic resonance is investigated, and the example of engineering application also given. Its application expectations are prospected.
Damage Localization of Offshore Platform Based on the Virtual Impulse Response Function
Authors: Diao Yan Song , Zhang Qi Liang , Meng Dong Mei
Published: October 2011

Because the ambient excitation is difficult to test, it is necessary to study the damage detection method only with structure responses. In this paper, two node structure responses under white noise are used to calculate the virtual impulse response function, the amplitude of the virtual impulse response function is decomposed by wavelet packet to calculate the node energy. The wavelet packet node energy change pre and post damage is used as the damage characteristic vector, and the pattern classification function of BP neural network is employed to determine the structure damage location. The numerical simulation and model experiment results of the offshore platform show the effectives of the method, whereas which is easy to be influenced by the noises.
Construction Technology of Steel Structure Roof in Terminal Building of a Civil Airport
Authors: Feng Yan , Li Hui Min , He Cheng , Feng Chun
Published: October 2011

Steel structure project of an airport building is full of characters as complex forming, super long structure, complex structure selection, and bearings or joint. In this paper, the author describes the construction technique of roof steel structure in the project of a terminal building from the perspectives of construction division, construction sequences, and erection and technical measurements. It can assure the safety and quality of construction.
Researching the Education Facilities Planning of Central County Cities in Northwest China — a Case of Chengcheng, Shaanxi Province
Authors: Wang Chen , Huang Ming Hua , Hao Chun Yan
Published: October 2011

In Mainland China, especially in Northwest China, the central county cities are the basic units that directly and closely connect all other rural areas. Therefore, the education facilities, which serves to improve residents’ quality of life in these cities, serve not only local residents but also people living in other towns and within the counties administration boundary. This paper takes Chengcheng in Shaanxi province as an example and starts with analyzing existing problems in education facility planning and implementation in central county cities. Based on the investigation of status quo of education facilities for primary and secondary schools and comparing with present index system of education facilities planning, this paper tends to explore a methods suitable for education facilities planning and also a feasible strategy for its implementation.
The Optimization and Reconstruction of the Urban and Rural Settlements under Community Vision: A Study on Yan Chang County of Yan’an City
Authors: Liu Dong , Li Zhi Min , Wang Xin
Published: October 2011

Based on the community theory, from the practice characteristic of the county urban and rural settlements, this paper analyzes the problems in concrete technology practice and science research, optimizes and reconstructs the residential system. With Yan Chang County of Yan’an City as an example, carried out the research and tested the application of the framework. Construction of the frame system coupled the relationships between the county settlement system and the community theory, which more expressed a kind of thought method and a concept of value, so then put forward the technical path of the urban and rural settlement system construction. At the same time, according to the urban and rural harmonious development, guided and constructed the urban and rural residential system with Shaanxi characteristic, which inferred with its space layout, scale, structure and planning method.
The New Integrated Planning Concept: Planning Thinking for Wusu in City Region Perspective
Authors: Chen Xiao Jian , Qin Chuan
Published: October 2011

It is the important impulse for regional economical growth and coordination that city participates in the regional role and competition. The competition ability of city is based on wide hinterland development and city region coordination. In this paper, the authors address the planning thinking in city region perspective, and take Wusu as a case study. The development conditions of Wusu are analyzed and evaluated, and the development advantages of Wusu are compared with other areas in city region perspective. Then the concept towards the new integrated planning based on the regional coordination and working-in-existing plans system is put forward.
GIS-Based Quantitative Classification of Neighborhood Types for Zhongshan City, China
Authors: Li Yuan , Zhang Yi
Published: October 2011

In this paper, we propose a GIS-based method that combines factor analysis and cluster analysis to quantitatively classify neighborhoods type for Zhangshan City, China. First, the possible measures for neighborhood type classification are reviewed. Then, ten measures are chosen for the case study. Factor analysis is adopted to generate five major factors and cluster analysis is used to identify six neighborhood types.
The Design of Public Facilities Based on Semiotics in Emergency Shelters
Authors: Yu Fang , Zhao Feng , Ma Mao , Liu Xiao Jie
Published: October 2011

Public facilities are the basis of urban public space, and public facilities are core parts of emergency shelters. It is important that the design of rescue facilities focuses on relief efforts. This article analyzes the present situation and raises questions about the study on the design of public facilities in emergency shelters, then applies theory related to design semiotics, cites examples, and suggests improvements on the usability and completeness of public facilities in emergency shelters. Facilities design in emergency shelters provides the theoretical foundation to make rescue system of emergency shelter more effective in the future.
Changes, Developments and Permanence — The Planning and Design of Yitang Industrial Cluster in Pizhou City
Authors: Zhu Wen Long
Published: October 2011

At present, China is in the period of rapid growth of industrialization. In order to develop industrial enterprise, every place is in the construction of industrial park or industrial clusters. But the present social economic activities are uncertain because of the direct impact from the external environment. So in the planning of industrial clusters of Yitang, the elastic planning concept is adopted in order to adapt to this uncertainty. Many measures are adopted, such as the road network planning, the road section, infrastructure layout and focus on the recent planning, so as to improve the ability to adapt to the uncertainty in the future, which makes the planning and design of the industrial clusters adapt to the needs of the future better.
Coordinative and Harmonious Promotion of the Urban Redevelopment of Western Shandong
Authors: Xue Ming Chen
Published: October 2011

With the fast processing of West Development, the urban redevelopment and renewing of western Shandong has become the focus of the social concern today. However, in the actual implement of the act, there’s a lack of the basic principle of “being coordinative and harmonious” in dealing with all kinds of contradictions, resulting in many problems. According to the features of western Shandong areas, we are to apply the basic principle of “being coordinative and harmonious” to the urban redevelopment so as to settle the problems concerned.
The Evaluation on the Suitability of Public Place in Contemporary Urban Design
Authors: Xue Bin Xia , Bi Bing Shi
Published: October 2011

Based on the cases of public places in foreign and domestic cities, the paper probes into the essential content of some public place from its external form to propose the evaluating standards for suitability. By this, the paper concludes that complexity, diversity and inclusiveness are three key factors and easy accessibility, comfortable physical environment, completed facilities, sufficient greens and well organized space are all beneficial aspects in the transformation from merely aesthetics concern to practical arrangements in urban design. Finally, the paper points out that the existing ecological tendency will create a long-lasting city image which will give new explanation about suitability of the public place.
Analysis of Roles about Participating Subjects of Regulatory Detailed Planning’s Formulation
Authors: Zhao Jan Bin , Tian Jie
Published: October 2011

In regulatory planning’s formulation and implementation of China, there are four participating subjects, namely managers, planners, developers and users. These four subjects represent different social stratifications and interest groups. They play diverse roles in the stage of regulatory planning’s formulation. This paper bases on the demands of participating subjects, analyses the relevant problems, dissects different roles of them, provides theoretical basis for the improvement of regulatory planning’s formulation and explores the relevant practice.
New Route for Spatial Identity — Restoration Strategies of Landscape to Climate Change
Authors: Wu Yang , Fu Kai
Published: October 2011

The landscape architecture that can adapt to climate is rare in actual project. The reason is that climate change is often seen as a threat, and the countermeasure is to defend and protect the status quo. However, from another point of view to review climate change, the anticipation of the changes can be regarded as the newly emerged opportunities in the specific field. On this occasion, climate change can provide the appearance of landscape with many possibilities and create new identities for it. The paper took Inashiki in Japan as the object of study to examine how to define the opportunities under the extreme climate changes and how to create new spatial identities through landscape restoration strategies to make the restored landscape become one part of the regional green infrastructure.
Performance of Soil Pressure on the Culvert under High-Backfill Reinforced with Geosynthetics
Authors: Wei Hong Wei , Yang Xiao Li , Yu Ze Hong
Published: October 2011

Finite element model of culvert under high-backfill reinforced with Geosynthetics was set up to calculate the soil pressures on culvert and the effects of load reduction by reinforcement were analyzed in the paper. Results showed that the soil load on culvert under embankment reinforced with geosynthetics was reduced significantly compared with the one under unreinforced embankment, the reduction effects were related with reinforcement layers and space. With increasing layers the soil load reduced, but the amount of reduction seemed out of proportion to the layer increasing, to some extent the layers will contributed only a little to the load reduction. Comparatively, the reduction effects enhanced remarkably with space of reinforcement. Results will benefit to design and construction of engineering.
Analysis for the 3-Dimensional Time History Response of a Base-Isolated Building Structure
Authors: Kang Jin Xia
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the models of traditional anti-seismic and base-isolated masonry and concrete frame composite structures were created by the three-dimensional finite element program and their time history responses were analyzed under the actions of different seismic waves. The results show that whether they were under the action of frequently occurred earthquake or rarely occurred earthquake, the story shears of base-isolated structure are far less than those of traditional anti-seismic structure; the lateral displacements of the former are nearly translational, while those of the latter are approximately parabolic; and the fundamental period of the former is much longer than the counterpart. In conclusion, the seismic fortification intensity of base-isolated structure is one or two degree less than that of traditional anti-seismic structure, and adopting the base-isolated structure will protect the life-safety and property of people and achieve good economic benefits as well.
The Rigid Frame-Whole Bracing Model of Eco-Composotie Wall Structure
Authors: Zhang Cheng Hua , Huang Wei , Zhao Dong
Published: October 2011

The eco-composite wall structure consists of concrete blocks，concrete frame grids , concealed frame and so on. When entering, the obvious damage phenomena appears on the eco-composite wall, the deformation coordination between the block and the frame grid, compound wall and the outer framework is broken, which brings relatively large-difficulty to establish the elasto-plastic model of structure. The rigid frame - whole bracing model of the eco-composite wall structure in elastic-plastic stage is presented based on previous study. The correctness of models is verified by experiments. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the rigid frame-whole bracing model giving consideration to accuracy and efficiency is applicable to structural elastic-plastic time-history analysis under strong seismic action.
Monitor and Control on Effective Prestress of Typical Tendons for Long-Span Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge
Authors: Guo Qi , He Shuan Hai , Li Qing Ning
Published: October 2011

In order to make much detail monitor and more practical evaluation on structural safety and durability for long-span continuous rigid frame bridge, the condition for prestressing reservation in service stage turns out to be a necessary key index. By means of obtained stress value on prestressing tendons, discrimination on subordinated mode and recognition on nominal coefficients of prestress losses are implemented. Furthermore, unified evaluation on effective prestress of post-tensioned PC bridges are realized at anytime of the whole service life, which include different geometric patterns of prestressed reinforcement, different types of structure and different structural formation systems. Simultaneously, recognition on two types of nominal coefficients for prestress losses is realized and regularities of practical distribution can be simulated. The practical utility of a long-span continuous rigid frame bridge show that the general principle for effective prestress can be demonstrated. Therefore, key parameters for health monitoring on existing long-span continuous rigid frame bridge are provided and the results lay the foundation for further control.
Prestressed Concrete Bridge Bearing Capacity Evaluation Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Evaluation Method
Authors: Li Yan Wei , Sun Zhi Wei , Song Wei Wei
Published: October 2011

A bearing capacity evaluation model of prestressed concrete bridge is established based on analytic hierarchy process. In order to determine the bearing capacity of the existing bridge condition, fuzzy evaluation method is used to evaluate material damage degree of bridge structures, in which of experience of experts can be used sufficiently. The method is evident and useful, which can reflect the prestressed concrete bridge in service effectively, improve the existing structure model and optimize the bearing capacity of synthetic evaluation. At the same time, the result is verified reasonably by an engineering example.
Comparative Analysis of Dynamic/Static Load Tests on Simple Supported Beam Bridge Based on Load Efficiency
Authors: Zhang Xian Min , Guo Xiao Hui
Published: October 2011

Static load test is now recognized as a reliable bridge inspection method. However, this method has to interrupt transportation and consume manpower and material greatly. Firstly, this paper introduced the mathematic relation between static calibration coefficient and dynamic calibration coefficient, which are achieved by dynamic/static load tests with different load efficiencies—by comparing them, the proposed equation are verified. Quantitative assessment of bridge is achieved by combining dynamic load inspection method.
Selection of Pile Testing Signals for Parallel Seismic Test
Authors: Zhang Jing Yi , Chen Long Zhu
Published: October 2011

It is difficult to apply the common nondestructive method to the pile with an inaccessible head condition. The Parallel Seismic test, however, is a promising method that can be used to deal with such difficulties. On the basis of the physical mechanism of P-wave and S-wave, comparisons of the characteristics of the volumetric and shear strain signals, as well as vertical and horizontal vibration signals have been made, providing the theoretical basis for adoption of P-wave and PS-wave as a combination.
Analysis of Cofferdam and Sand-Filling Subgrade’s Slippage of Binhai Avenue
Authors: Liu Chun Yuan , Liu Cheng Wei , Ding Jie , Guo Yu Lian
Published: October 2011

In this paper we introduce sandbag cofferdam combined with sand-filling core of embankment ,integrate stability’s checking calculation using method of limit equilibrium, analysis and adjustment of parameters, comparing with finite element numerical simulation and other means, in order to analyze nearly horizontal plane landslide, summarize its genesis, deformation mechanism, and provide prevention basis for this kind of landslide.
Study on Wind-Resistant Design for Super High-Rise Building Envelop
Authors: Huang Ling , Chang Liang
Published: October 2011

A brief introduction of Nanchang International Financial mansion manometry test model was stated first, And based on the Fluent software platforms, Wind pressure on the surface of high-rise building with the influence of adjacent buildings is simulated by computation fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. The results show that the numerical wind tunnel to some extent, more in line with the measurement results, but the errors in some parts are still large, relevant results will provide references for the research and the engineering practice.
Experimental Study on Behavior of Channel Steel Reinforced Concrete Beam under Pure Torsion
Authors: Ren Rui , Xue Jian Yang , Chen Zong Ping , Mi Ze Long
Published: October 2011

8 channel steel reinforced concrete beams and 1 reinforced concrete beam are tested to study the capacity of channel steel reinforced concrete beam(CSRCB)under pure torque. The failure mode and process of the specimens are observed, And the working mechanism of channel steel skeleton and the concrete are analyzed. It is shown that the concrete strength, stirrup disposition and channel steel have significant effects on the torsional capacity of the beam. The calculation formula for torsional craze torque and ultimate torsional capacity of the CSRCB member are also proposed .
Aluminizing Coating Prepared on Oil Casing Steel N80 by Low-Temperature Pack Cementation
Authors: Wang Yu , Huang Min
Published: October 2011

Aluminizing has been verified to be an effective way to improve the corrosion resistance of steel due to the formation of continuous Al2O3 layer, but traditional aluminizing processing carried out at high temperature can not be used to prepare aluminide layer on the surface of oil casing steel. In this paper, an aluminide coating was prepared on oil casing steel N80 by a low-temperature pack cementation only at 803 K for 2 hours by adding zinc in the pack powder and pre-treatment of N80 substrate by surface mechanical attrition. The phase compostion, microstructure, element distribution and properties of as-aluminized oil casing steel N80 were characterized by means of XRD, SEM, EDS, micro-hardness test and electrochemical corrosion measurements. The results indicate that aluminide coating mainly consists of FeAl3, Fe2Al5 and FeAl. The continuous aluminide coating with an average thickness around 50 μm could be successfully formed on the surface of oil casing steel N80 which shows a good coherence with as-packed substrate. After preparation of aluminide coating, oil casing steel N80 shows a higher microhardness in the range of aluminizing coating than that of the virgin material because of the formation of iron aluminide. The exception noted is that the proposed low-temperature aluminizing processing does not have any damaging impact on the mechanical properties of steel substrates. Moreover, it is concluded that oil casing steel N80 with aluminizing coating shows a better corrosion resistance than that of original N80 by analyzing of electrochemical test results.
The Expression of Surface Chloride Concentration in Ecological Concrete and Service Life Prediction
Authors: Liu Si Feng
Published: October 2011

The total chloride concentrations of concrete with 0.51 of water to cementitous from three contents of Fly ash, GGBS, two kinds of corrosion solution for one dimensional diffusion at different diffusion depth and time were measured by chemical titration. The influence of Fly ash and GGBS content on total chloride concentration and the surface chloride concentration were analyzed. The expressions of the surface chloride concentration were discussed in terms of the experimental results related with content of Fly ash, GGBS and solution. The numerical analysis results indicated that the expression of the surface chloride concentration has a significant impact on the long-term service life of concrete in chloride environments.
Nondestructive Testing and Strengthening of Old Aqueducts
Authors: Zhao Shun Bo , Pei Song Wei
Published: October 2011

Two aqueducts in 620m length were built 38 years ago. The flumes were U-shape and thin-wall structure in 10m span, which were simply supported on the reinforced concrete frames arranged in a row. After operated for 30 years, they were abandoned. Until 2009, with the increment of water supply of urban residents and landscapes of Zhengzhou city, they were considered to be reused. Therefore, the visual inspection on water-stops, seepage-proofing coating and concrete cracks of flume, the damages of supporting seats and reinforced concrete frames were conducted. The nondestructive testing for strength and carbonation of concrete, concrete cover and erosion of reinforcement were carried out. Based on the detected results, the serviceability and ultimate resistance of the aqueducts were evaluated in accordance with current Chinese design code. The measures were brought forward to strengthen their structures and repair their damages. The main results of these works are introduced in this paper, which can be used as reference for repairing the similar hydraulic concrete structures.
Spatial Threshold Regression Model Thinking Time Factor and Application in Excavation Displacement Monitoring
Authors: Yang Qing Guang , Liu Jie , He Jie
Published: October 2011

Excavation displacement monitoring is a kind of important measure assuring construction safety of large-scale excavation engineering.How to predict displacement accurately and efficiently in construction period using limited displacement date has become a research hotspots. Spatial threshold regression model thinking time factor has been build up according change of excavation depth and monitoring time in paper.Predicted value of deep maximal horizontal displacement using the model abolve is very close to monitoring value.Maximal average error is about 12.46% in early days and tend to 5% in later stage.It is a effective predicted method for soil deep maximal horizontal displacement in excavation engineering.
Finite Element Analysis of Double-Walled Steel Box Cofferdam
Authors: Yang Mei Liang , Zeng Zhen Hai , Zhong Fang Ping , Chen Dan
Published: October 2011

Steel cofferdam has an abroad application in high pile cap construction in deep water foundations. Because of the obvious three-dimensional effect and its complex stress and strain, the traditional simplified calculating method couldn’t reach the requirements of practical engineering. The general purpose finite element software Ansys was used to analyze the stress and strain of steel cofferdam and sealing concrete, and achieved a good effect to ensure the engineering safety.