bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Balanced Scheduling for Target Tracking with Distance-Dependent Measurement Noise in a WSN
Authors: Hu Xiaoqing , Bao Ming , Hu Yu-Hen , Xu Bugong
Published: December 2013

Energy efficient collaborative target tracking in a wireless sensor network (WSN) is considered. It is assumed that the distance estimates of range sensors are contaminated by distance-dependent multiplicative observation noises. The nonlinear measurement model leads to the application of a generalized unscented Kalman filtering (GUKF) tracking algorithm. Energy efficient operation is achieved by imposing an energy balance criterion to select a subset of sensors near the target to participate in collaborative tracking without compromising tracking performance. This is formulated as a multiobjective constrained optimization problem that minimizes both the state covariance of the GUKF algorithm and the variance of on-board residue energy of sensor nodes within the detection range of the target. An efficient, distributed, polynomial time heuristic algorithm that achieves a performance close to the optimal solution is proposed. Extended simulation results indicate that this proposed joint scheduling and tracking algorithm is capable of delivering desired tracking performance while significantly extending the WSN lifespan.
Anti-Müllerian Hormone and Its Clinical Use in Pediatrics with Special Emphasis on Disorders of Sex Development
Authors: Lindhardt Johansen Marie , Hagen Casper P. , Johannsen Trine Holm , Main Katharina M. , Picard Jean-Yves , Jørgensen Anne , Rajpert-De Meyts Ewa , Juul Anders
Published: December 2013

Using measurements of circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in diagnosing and managing reproductive disorders in pediatric patients requires thorough knowledge on normative values according to age and gender. We provide age- and sex-specific reference ranges for the Immunotech assay and conversion factors for the DSL and Generation II assays. With this tool in hand, the pediatrician can use serum concentrations of AMH when determining the presence of testicular tissue in patients with bilaterally absent testes or more severe Disorders of Sex Development (DSD). Furthermore, AMH can be used as a marker of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) in both Turner Syndrome patients and in girls with cancer after treatment with alkylating gonadotoxic agents. Lastly, its usefulness has been proposed in the diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and ovarian granulosa cell tumors and in the evaluation of patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and 5-Fluorouracil: Getting to the Heart of the Matter
Authors: Lim Stephanie Hui-Su , Wilson Sharon Mary , Hunter Arnagretta , Hill Jane , Beale Philip
Published: December 2013

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare but increasingly recognized phenomenon, which can occur as a side-effect of chemotherapeutic agents, in particular, the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil. We describe a case of delayed Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after 3 weeks of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil for resected rectal adenocarcinoma in a 66-year-old female, supported by angiographic, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic features. As a complication, she developed an apical mural thrombus with subsequent cerebral thromboembolic events and was successfully anticoagulated to make a full recovery. We present a review of the literature on Takotsubo cardiomyopathy secondary to 5-fluorouracil and the rare occurrence of thromboembolic complications. As this is a significant clinical phenomenon which involves a multispeciality approach to management, oncologists and cardiologists need to recognize it as a potential toxicity of a widely administered chemotherapeutic drug.
Haplotype Analysis of Interleukin-8 Gene Polymorphisms in Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis
Authors: Borilova Linhartova Petra , Vokurka Jan , Poskerova Hana , Fassmann Antonin , Izakovicova Holla Lydie
Published: December 2013

Objectives. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by connective tissue loss and alveolar bone destruction. Interleukin-8 (IL8) is important in the regulation of the immune response. The aim of this study was to analyze four polymorphisms in theIL8gene in relation to chronic (CP) and aggressive (AgP) periodontitis.Methods. A total of 492 unrelated subjects were included in this case-control association study. Genomic DNA of 278 patients with CP, 58 patients with AgP, and 156 controls were genotyped, using the 5′ nuclease TaqMan assay, forIL8(rs4073, rs2227307, rs2227306, and rs2227532) gene polymorphisms. Subgingival bacterial colonization was investigated by the DNA-microarray detection kit in a subgroup of subjects(N=247).Results. Allele and genotype frequencies of all investigatedIL8polymorphisms were not significantly different between the subjects with CP and/or AgP and controls (P>0.05). Nevertheless, the A(−251)/T(+396)/T(+781) and T(−251)/G(+396)/C(+781) haplotypes were significantly less frequent in patients with CP (2.0% versus 5.1%,P<0.02, OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15–0.78, resp., 2.0% versus 4.5%,P<0.05, OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.18–0.97) than in controls.Conclusions. Although none of the investigated SNPs in theIL8gene was individually associated with periodontitis, some haplotypes can be protective against CP in the Czech population.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Tunable Multicolor Upconversion Emission of Cubic Phase Y2O3Nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Haibo , Qian Chao , Yi Zhigao , Rao Ling , Liu Hongrong , Zeng Songjun
Published: December 2013

Highly crystalline body-centered cubic structure Y2O3with lanthanide (Ln) codopants (Ln = Yb3+/Er3+and Yb3+/Ho3+) has been synthesized via a moderate hydrothermal method in combination with a subsequent calcination. The structure and morphology of Y(OH)3precursors and Y2O3nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results reveal that the Y2O3nanoparticles possess cubic phase and form the quasispherical structure. The upconversion luminescence properties of Y2O3nanoparticles doped with different Ln3+(Yb3+/ Er3+and Yb3+/ Ho3+) ions were well investigated under the 980 nm excitation. The results show that the Yb3+/Er3+and Yb3+/Ho3+codoped Y2O3nanoparticles exhibit strong red and light yellow upconversion emissions, respectively. It is expected that these Y2O3nanoparticles with tunable multicolor output and intense red upconversion emission may have potential application in color displays and biolabels.
A Discussion of the Favorable Factors for the Economic System’s Utility Growth Rate
Authors: Luo Lunhan , Fang Jianan
Published: December 2013

Some virtual economic systems are constructed. The agents in the systems are linked crossover by different network structures and endowed with goods and the same symmetric Cobb-Douglas utility function. Their Cobb-Douglas utility growth rates (UGR) are compared with each other after the systems reach their eventual equilibriums. We try to discover how the network structures and how the endowments affect the UGR. Furthermore, the possible factors including group size, trade sequence, turnover, and number of trades are taken into account. Some but not all of the factors listed above may impact the UGR. The aim of this paper is to select the effective ones and try to improve the UGR by manipulating these factors. We discovered that the small-world network surpasses other networks to achieve the highest UGR. Besides, another way to improve UGR is to endow the agents with proper volume of goods.
Computationally Efficient Robust Chinese Remainder Theorem for Frequency Estimation from Undersampled Waveforms
Authors: Li Xiaoping , Wang Wenjie , Yao Bobin , Yang Bin , Yin Qinye
Published: December 2013

We present an efficient algorithm based on the robust Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) to perform single frequency determination from multiple undersampled waveforms. The optimal estimate of common remainder in robust CRT, which plays an important role in the final frequency estimation, is first discussed. To avoid the exhausted searching in the optimal estimation, we then provide an improved algorithm with the same performance but less computation. Besides, the sufficient and necessary condition of the robust estimation was proposed. Numerical examples are also provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and related conclusions.
B Epitope Multiplicity and B/T Epitope Orientation Influence Immunogenicity of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Peptide Vaccines
Authors: Blanco Esther , Cubillos Carolina , Moreno Noelia , Bárcena Juan , de la Torre Beatriz G. , Andreu David , Sobrino Francisco
Published: December 2013

Synthetic peptides incorporating protective B- and T-cell epitopes are candidates for new safer foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines. We have reported that dendrimeric peptides including four copies of a B-cell epitope (VP1 136 to 154) linked to a T-cell epitope (3A 21 to 35) of FMD virus (FMDV) elicit potent B- and T-cell specific responses and confer protection to viral challenge, while juxtaposition of these epitopes in a linear peptide induces less efficient responses. To assess the relevance of B-cell epitope multivalency, dendrimers bearing two (B2T) or four (B4T) copies of the B-cell epitope from type O FMDV (a widespread circulating serotype) were tested in CD1 mice and showed that multivalency is advantageous over simple B-T-epitope juxtaposition, resulting in efficient induction of neutralizing antibodies and optimal release of IFNγ. Interestingly, the bivalent B2T construction elicited similar or even better B- and T-cell specific responses than tetravalent B4T. In addition, the presence of the T-cell epitope and its orientation were shown to be critical for the immunogenicity of the linear juxtaposed monovalent peptides analyzed in parallel. Taken together, our results provide useful insights for a more accurate design of FMD subunit vaccines.
Surface Morphology of Basalt Columns at Svartifoss, VatnajökulsÞjóðgarður, Southern Iceland
Authors: Tanner Lawrence H.
Published: December 2013

A spectacular example of columnar-jointed basalt occurs at Svartifoss in the Vatnajökull National Park of southern Iceland. The columns are notable for a variety of features on the vertical joint surfaces and the horizontal parting surfaces. The jointed surfaces of the columns display horizontal striations at a spacing of centimeters to decimeters. The individual striations exhibit crescentic hackles with a plumose pattern, the orientation of which varies between adjacent striations. Also present are gently dipping, millimeter-scale laminations not previously described. Horizontal parting surfaces of the columns display a circular ring that inscribes most of the diameter column. The ring features alternately positive or negative relief against the perimeter of the column and exhibits a radiating pattern of hackles originating at the center of the ring. Petrographic examination reveals that the basalt contains an interlocking network of plagioclase laths preferentially aligned perpendicular to the column axes. The circular features have been described previously and attributed to late-stage melt migration driven by a load-induced pressure gradient. The striations were formed from stepwise, downward propagation of the polygonal fracture system, and the plumose structures were formed from tensile stresses during fracture propagation. The small-scale laminations may result from preferential grain alignment of plagioclase laths.
A Novel Framework for Agent-Based Production Remote Monitoring System Design: A Case Study of Injection Machines
Authors: Chen Yun-Yao , Chen Shang-Liang , Hsiao Ying-Han , Wang Sin-Ru
Published: December 2013

Currently, many injection machine controllers in the market involve PC-based architecture, so engineers can conduct simple and quick operation on the controller via a human-machine interface. However, when there are too many machines in a factory, mining algorithms for multimachines and development of rear-end applications are often trivial and complicated. The operation systems of the machines in factories are different, and different machine models need different transfer protocols for data mining. Therefore, we need to develop different information platforms and machine production information mining systems for cross platform controllers. This research proposed an agent based remote monitoring system for injection machines to solve this problem. The agent-based production remote monitor system framework in this research has the following advantages. (1) It can transmit machine information cross platforms regard of constraints of different operating systems. Controlling frameworks can process data mining and transmission. (2) It can send back machine information actively to the manager without operation of machine operators, mine specific information effectively, and screen unnecessary machine information. (3) It can categorize the required information, filter extra information, and elicit data the user needs.
Fast Dynamic Control of Damaged Historical Buildings: A New Useful Approach for Structural Health Monitoring after an Earthquake
Authors: Calcina Sergio Vincenzo , Piroddi Luca , Ranieri Gaetano
Published: December 2013

The structures damage conditions assessment requires numerous precautions to ensure the safety of people during site visits and inspections. Among several methods providing useful information about the conservation status of the structures, dynamic monitoring techniques are suitable to retrieve the global behavior of the buildings. The anomalous features diagnosis of the structural dynamic response is an index of alterations of the material state and, in the worst cases, is related to the presence of damaged structural elements. This paper proposes the use of remote control systems for the structural evaluation of the damage state of buildings and describes the results achieved in an interesting application: the experimental dynamic analysis carried out on the inaccessible damaged bell tower of the Church of Santi Giacomo and Filippo in Mirandola (Italy). The study is based on observations performed using the IBIS-S ground-based radar interferometer to remotely measure the displacements of several elements of the building above 0.01 mm amplitude. This totally noninvasive and nondestructive approach has proved to be reliably implemented as a useful method to structural health monitoring procedures and especially for extensive and fast inspection analyses aiming at the first evaluation of the damage level and the soundness of slender buildings after earthquakes.
Multiple Hypovascular Tumors in Kidney: A Rare Case Report and Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Wu Pei-Yu , Lin Sheng-Fung , Wu Ping-Hsun , Tsai Yi-Chun , Kuo Yu-Ting , Kuo Mei-Chuan , Chen Hung-Chun
Published: December 2013

The most common malignant renal tumor is renal cell carcinoma and surgery is the standard treatment. The proportion of lymphoma with renal involvement is 2~15% and lymphoma could be cured by chemotherapy without nephrectomy. Sonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect and characterize a renal mass. We present a case of right renal hypovascular tumors and differential diagnosis of hypovascular tumors by image study. CT scan showed hypovascular tumors and MRI image revealed multifocal hypovascular solid tumors with significantly increased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Based on image finding, renal lymphoma was highly suspected. Renal lymphoma was confirmed by renal biopsy and this patient received chemotherapy without surgery. The noninvasive CT scan and MRI image can help clinicians to diagnose the characteristics of renal mass and to avoid unnecessary nephrectomy.
Soliton Solutions of the Klein-Gordon-Zakharov Equation with Power Law Nonlinearity
Authors: Ekici Mehmet , Duran Durgun , Sonmezoglu Abdullah
Published: December 2013

We introduce a new version of the trial equation method for solving nonintegrable partial differential equations in mathematical physics. Some exact solutions including soliton solutions and rational and elliptic function solutions to the Klein-Gordon-Zakharov equation with power law nonlinearity in (1 + 2) dimensions are obtained by this method.
Global Dynamics of Virus Infection Model with Antibody Immune Response and Distributed Delays
Authors: Elaiw A. M. , Alhejelan A. , Alghamdi M. A.
Published: December 2013

We present qualitative behavior of virus infection model with antibody immune response. The incidence rate of infection is given by saturation functional response. Two types of distributed delays are incorporated into the model to account for the time delay between the time when uninfected cells are contacted by the virus particle and the time when emission of infectious (matures) virus particles. Using the method of Lyapunov functional, we have established that the global stability of the steady states of the model is determined by two threshold numbers, the basic reproduction numberR0and antibody immune response reproduction numberR1. We have proven that ifR0≤1, then the uninfected steady state is globally asymptotically stable (GAS), ifR1≤11, then the infected steady state with antibody immune response is GAS.
Sleep Loss as a Factor to Induce Cellular and Molecular Inflammatory Variations
Authors: Hurtado-Alvarado Gabriela , Pavón Lenin , Castillo-García Stephanie Ariadne , Hernández María Eugenia , Domínguez-Salazar Emilio , Velázquez-Moctezuma Javier , Gómez-González Beatriz
Published: December 2013

A reduction in the amount of time spent sleeping occurs chronically in modern society. Clinical and experimental studies in humans and animal models have shown that immune function is impaired when sleep loss is experienced. Sleep loss exerts a strong regulatory influence on peripheral levels of inflammatory mediators of the immune response. An increasing number of research projects support the existence of reciprocal regulation between sleep and low-intensity inflammatory response. Recent studies show that sleep deficient humans and rodents exhibit a proinflammatory component; therefore, sleep loss is considered as a risk factor for developing cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis). Circulating levels of proinflammatory mediators depend on the intensity and duration of the method employed to induce sleep loss. Recognizing the fact that the concentration of proinflammatory mediators is different between acute and chronic sleep-loss may expand the understanding of the relationship between sleep and the immune response. The aim of this review is to integrate data from recent published reports (2002–2013) on the effects of sleep loss on the immune response. This review may allow readers to have an integrated view of the mechanisms involved in central and peripheral deficits induced by sleep loss.
Pores and Microanalysis of Microbe‐Inspired Nano‐CaCO3 Cementing Sand Columns
Authors: Li Li , Chunxiang Qian , Yonghao Zhao
Published: December 2013

This paper introduced an innovative bioengineering method of consolidating incompact sand by urea hydrolysis producing calcite cementation under the inducement of reproductive urease microbe. The result of mercury intrusion porosimetry showed the pore volume fractions of sand columns cemented by microbe‐inspired nano‐CaCO3 on an accelerating reduction during the time of cementation, the process of which represented the bulk density of nano‐CaCO3 cementing sand columns that reinforced themselves positively all the time. The white precipitate particles exhibited a uniformed distribution of about 15 μm size and of a hexahedral shape mostly under SEM. Based on the Scherrer equation, the crystallite size of the white precipitate was calculated for 18.5 nm. The diffraction pattern of the white precipitate under TEM was taken in alignment with the 52 inorganic crystal composed of three elements of Ca, C, and O in PCPDFWIN‐2000 and the precipitate was identified as ID86‐2334 calcite calcium carbonate.
Role of Organochlorine Pesticides in Children with Idiopathic Seizures
Authors: Arora Shilpa Khanna , Batra Prerna , Sharma Tusha , Banerjee Basu Dev , Gupta Sushan
Published: December 2013

Background. Organochlorine pesticides (OCP) are persistent organic pollutants that have been implicated in causing several deleterious effects in humans. These are known neurotoxins in high doses, but the role of environmentally acquired OCPs in the body to induce seizures in children has not been investigated yet.Objectives. To assess the serum levels of OCPs in children aged 2–12 with idiopathic seizure and to find out any association between the two are our objectives.Methods. It was a cross-sectional pilot study. Twenty developmentally normal children aged 2–12, presenting with idiopathic generalized seizures, were recruited. Twenty age-matched controls without any history of seizures were also taken. Their serum levels ofα,β, andγhexachlorocyclohexane (HCH); and aldrin; dieldrin; p,p-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), o,p-DDT, and p,p dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE); andαandβendosulfan were analysed using gas chromatography (GC). Mann-WhitneyUtest was used to compare OCP levels between the groups. Spearman correlation was used to find the correlation between individual pesticide levels with age and seizure duration.Results. Levels ofβ,γ, and total HCH were significantly higher among cases as compared to the control group (P≤0.05).Conclusion. There exists a possible association between idiopathic seizures and high serum levels of OCPs, especially HCH.
Evaluation of Molecular Species of Prostate-Specific Antigen Complexed with Immunoglobulin M in Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Goč Sanja , Janković Miroslava
Published: December 2013

This study was aimed at defining molecular species of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in immune complexes with immunoglobulin M (IgM). Having in mind the oligoreactivity of IgM and its preference for carbohydrate antigens, there is the possibility that it can selectively recognize known PSA glycoisoforms. PSA-IgM complexes and free PSA fractions were separated from the sera of subjects with prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by gel filtration and subjected to on-chip immunoaffinity and ion-exchange chromatography. PSA-immunoreactive species were detected using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. The obtained spectra were analyzed for protein and glycan composition. The general pattern of the molecular species of PCa PSA and BPH PSA found in complexes with IgM was similar. It comprised major peaks at 17 kDa and minor peaks at 28 kDa, corresponding to the entire mature glycosylated PSA. The main difference was the presence of incompletely glycosylated 26.8 kDa species, having putative paucimannosidic structures, observed in PCa PSA-IgM, but not in BPH PSA-IgM. Characteristic PCa PSA-IgM glycoforms pose the question of the possible role of glycosylation as a framework for immune surveillance and may be of interest in light of recent data indicating mannose-containing glycans as cancer biomarker.
Differences in Gene and Protein Expression and the Effects of Race/Ethnicity on Breast Cancer Subtypes
Authors: Chavez-MacGregor Mariana , Liu Shuying , De Melo-Gagliato Debora , Chen Huiqin , Do Kim-Anh , Pusztai Lajos , Fraser Symmans W. , Nair Lakshmy , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Mills Gordon B. , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Gonzalez-Angulo Ana M.
Published: December 2013

Background: Differences in gene or protein expression patterns between breast cancers according to race/ethnicity and cancer subtype.

Methods: Transcriptional profiling was performed using Affymetrix HG-U133A platform in 376 patients and reverse phase protein array analysis (RPPA) was done for 177 proteins in 255 patients from a separate cohort. Unsupervised clustering was conducted, as well as supervised comparison by race and tumor subtype. Standard statistical methods, BRB-Array tools, and Ingenuity Pathways software packages were used to analyze the data.

Results: Median age was 50 years in both the cohorts. In the RPPA cohort, 54.5% of the tumors were hormone receptor–positive (HR-positive), 20.7% HER2-positive, and 24.71% triple-negative (TNBC). One hundred and forty-seven (57.6%), 47 (18.43%), and 46 (18.1%) of the patients were White, Hispanic, and Black, respectively. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the protein expression data showed no distinct clusters by race (P values were 0.492, 0.489, and 0.494 for the HR-positive, HER2-positive, and TNBC tumors respectively). In the gene expression cohort, 54.2% of the tumors were HR-positive, 16.5% HER2-positive, and 29.3% TNBC. Two hundred and sixteen (57.5%), 111 (29.52%), and 32 (8.52%) patients were White, Hispanic, and Black, respectively. No probe set with a false discovery rate (FDR) of <0.05 showed an association with race by breast cancer subtype; similar results were obtained using pathway and gene set enrichment analysis methods.

Conclusions: We did not detect a significant variation in RNA or protein expression comparing different race/ethnicity groups of women with breast cancer.

Impact: More research on the complex network of factors that result in outcomes differences among race/ethnicities is needed. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(2); 316–23. ©2013 AACR.
BET Bromodomain Inhibition ofMYC-Amplified Medulloblastoma
Authors: Bandopadhayay Pratiti , Bergthold Guillaume , Nguyen Brian , Schubert Simone , Gholamin Sharareh , Tang Yujie , Bolin Sara , Schumacher Steven E. , Zeid Rhamy , Masoud Sabran , Yu Furong , Vue Nujsaubnusi , Gibson William J. , Paolella Brenton R. , Mitra Siddhartha S. , Cheshier Samuel H. , Qi Jun , Liu Kun-Wei , Wechsler-Reya Robert , Weiss William A. , Swartling Fredrik J. , Kieran Mark W. , Bradner James E. , Beroukhim Rameen , Cho Yoon-Jae
Published: December 2013

Purpose: MYC-amplified medulloblastomas are highly lethal tumors. Bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) bromodomain inhibition has recently been shown to suppress MYC-associated transcriptional activity in other cancers. The compound JQ1 inhibits BET bromodomain-containing proteins, including BRD4. Here, we investigate BET bromodomain targeting for the treatment of MYC-amplified medulloblastoma.

Experimental Design: We evaluated the effects of genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of BET bromodomains on proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis in established and newly generated patient- and genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM)-derived medulloblastoma cell lines and xenografts that harbored amplifications of MYC or MYCN. We also assessed the effect of JQ1 on MYC expression and global MYC-associated transcriptional activity. We assessed the in vivo efficacy of JQ1 in orthotopic xenografts established in immunocompromised mice.

Results: Treatment of MYC-amplified medulloblastoma cells with JQ1 decreased cell viability associated with arrest at G1 and apoptosis. We observed downregulation of MYC expression and confirmed the inhibition of MYC-associated transcriptional targets. The exogenous expression of MYC from a retroviral promoter reduced the effect of JQ1 on cell viability, suggesting that attenuated levels of MYC contribute to the functional effects of JQ1. JQ1 significantly prolonged the survival of orthotopic xenograft models of MYC-amplified medulloblastoma (P < 0.001). Xenografts harvested from mice after five doses of JQ1 had reduced the expression of MYC mRNA and a reduced proliferative index.

Conclusion: JQ1 suppresses MYC expression and MYC-associated transcriptional activity in medulloblastomas, resulting in an overall decrease in medulloblastoma cell viability. These preclinical findings highlight the promise of BET bromodomain inhibitors as novel agents for MYC-amplified medulloblastoma. Clin Cancer Res; 20(4); 912–25. ©2013 AACR.
Pharmacodynamic and Antineoplastic Activity of BI 836845, a Fully Human IGF Ligand-Neutralizing Antibody, and Mechanistic Rationale for Combination with Rapamycin
Authors: Friedbichler Katrin , Hofmann Marco H. , Kroez Monika , Ostermann Elinborg , Lamche Herbert R. , Koessl Christian , Borges Eric , Pollak Michael N. , Adolf Günther , Adam Paul J.
Published: December 2013

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is thought to play a role in the development and progression of multiple cancer types. To date, therapeutic strategies aimed at disrupting IGF signaling have largely focused on antibodies that target the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR). Here, we describe the pharmacologic profile of BI 836845, a fully human monoclonal antibody that utilizes an alternative approach to IGF signaling inhibition by selectively neutralizing the bioactivity of IGF ligands. Biochemical analyses of BI 836845 demonstrated high affinity to human IGF-I and IGF-II, resulting in effective inhibition of IGF-induced activation of both IGF-IR and IR-A in vitro. Cross-reactivity to rodent IGFs has enabled rigorous assessment of the pharmacologic activity of BI 836845 in preclinical models. Pharmacodynamic studies in rats showed potent reduction of serum IGF bioactivity in the absence of metabolic adverse effects, leading to growth inhibition as evidenced by reduced body weight gain and tail length. Moreover, BI 836845 reduced the proliferation of human cell lines derived from different cancer types and enhanced the antitumor efficacy of rapamycin by blocking a rapamycin-induced increase in upstream signaling in vitro as well as in human tumor xenograft models in nude mice. Our data suggest that BI 836845 represents a potentially more effective and tolerable approach to the inhibition of IGF signaling compared with agents that target the IGF-I receptor directly, with potential for rational combinations with other targeted agents in clinical studies. Mol Cancer Ther; 13(2); 399–409. ©2013 AACR.
ROS1 and ALK Fusions in Colorectal Cancer, with Evidence of Intratumoral Heterogeneity for Molecular Drivers
Authors: Aisner Dara L. , Nguyen Teresa T. , Paskulin Diego D. , Le Anh T. , Haney Jerry , Schulte Nathan , Chionh Fiona , Hardingham Jenny , Mariadason John , Tebbutt Niall , Doebele Robert C. , Weickhardt Andrew J. , Varella-Garcia Marileila
Published: December 2013

Activated anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and ROS1 tyrosine kinases, through gene fusions, have been found in lung adenocarcinomas and are highly sensitive to selective kinase inhibitors. This study aimed at identifying the presence of these rearrangements in human colorectal adenocarcinoma specimens using a 4-target, 4-color break-apart FISH assay to simultaneously determine the genomic status of ALK and ROS1. Among the clinical colorectal cancer specimens analyzed, rearrangement-positive cases for both ALK and ROS1 were observed. The fusion partner for ALK was identified as EML4 and the fusion partner for one of the ROS1-positive cases was SLC34A2, the partner for the other ROS1-positive case remains to be identified. A small fraction of specimens presented duplicated or clustered copies of native ALK and ROS1. In addition, rearrangements were detected in samples that also harbored KRAS and BRAF mutations in two of the three cases. Interestingly, the ALK-positive specimen displayed marked intratumoral heterogeneity and rearrangement was also identified in regions of high-grade dysplasia. Despite the additional oncogenic events and tumor heterogeneity observed, elucidation of the first cases of ROS1 rearrangements and confirmation of ALK rearrangements support further evaluation of these genomic fusions as potential therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer.

Implications: ROS1 and ALK fusions occur in colorectal cancer and may have substantial impact in therapy selection. Mol Cancer Res; 12(1); 111–8. ©2013 AACR.
In vivo Bio-Integration of Three Hyaluronic Acid Fillers in Human Skin: A Histological Study
Authors: Tran Christian , Carraux Pierre , Micheels Patrick , Kaya Gürkan , Salomon Denis
Published: December 2013

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) formulations are used for aesthetic applications. Different cross-linking technologies result in HA dermal fillers with specific characteristic visco-elastic properties. Objective: Bio-integration of three CE-marked HA dermal fillers, a cohesive (monophasic) polydensified, a cohesive (monophasic) monodensified and a non-cohesive (biphasic) filler, was analysed with a follow-up of 114 days after injection. Our aim was to study the tolerability and inflammatory response of these fillers, their patterns of distribution in the dermis, and influence on tissue integrity. Methods: Three HA formulations were injected intradermally into the iliac crest region in 15 subjects. Tissue samples were analysed after 8 and 114 days by histology and immunohistochemistry, and visualized using optical and transmission electron microscopy. Results: Histological results demonstrated that the tested HA fillers showed specific characteristic bio-integration patterns in the reticular dermis. Observations under the optical and electron microscopes revealed morphological conservation of cutaneous structures. Immunohistochemical results confirmed absence of inflammation, immune response and granuloma. Conclusion: The three tested dermal fillers show an excellent tolerability and preservation of the dermal cells and matrix components. Their tissue integration was dependent on their visco-elastic properties. The cohesive polydensified filler showed the most homogeneous integration with an optimal spreading within the reticular dermis, which is achieved by filling even the smallest spaces between collagen bundles and elastin fibrils, while preserving the structural integrity of the latter. Absence of adverse reactions confirms safety of the tested HA dermal fillers.
Treatment of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage in Germany: A Nationwide Analysis of the Years 2005-2009
Authors: Walendy Victor , Strauss Christian , Rachinger Jens , Stang Andreas
Published: December 2013

Background: The aim of this study was to provide population-based nationwide rates of the different treatment modalities of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH). Methods: German Diagnosis-Related Group data of the years 2005-2009 were used to calculate hospitalisation rates for intracranial aneurysm with aSAH. This study includes over 83 million hospitalisations. Results: We identified 15,768 hospitalisations with a diagnosis of aSAH. Throughout the observation period, the age-standardised rate for both sexes increased by 69% (95% confidence interval, CI 54-84) for coiling and 13% (95% CI 4-23) for clipping. The estimated annual percent change in the overall hospitalisation rate was 7.4% (95% CI 5.2-9.6). Age-standardised hospitalisation rates varied considerably by region. The estimated hospitalisation rate ratio of overall hospitalisation rates (East/West) was 0.86 (95% CI 0.80-0.91) for males and 0.81 (95% CI 0.77-0.85) for females. After adjustment for age and co-morbidity, the hazard ratio (HR) for in-hospital mortality was higher for coiling than clipping (HR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.01-1.23). Patients who received coiling or clipping had ventricular shunt placement in 5.0 (n = 819) and 6.1% (n = 998), respectively. The estimated length of stay was 3.3 days (95% CI 2.56-4.05) shorter for coiling than clipping. Conclusions: We provide for the first time nationwide, representative hospitalisation rates for the treatment of aSAH. Our results indicate a change in the practice pattern for Germany during the observation period. We observed a gradual increase in overall hospitalisation rates for aSAH.
Diferenças aparentes, analogias profundas e o Anjo escarlate da manhã - Aprendizado e leitura em La Prisonnière de Marcel Proust.
Authors: Murad Samira
Published: December 2013

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir como o movimento de analogia profunda observado na Recherche du Temps Perdu supõe a produção complementar da diferença. Essa “prática” deve ser aprendida e executada pelo herói em seu caminho para tornar-se narrador e é, portanto, o elemento que o distingue da grande massa de personagens do romance. O aprendizado é visto pela crítica proustiana como a unidade da Recherche e o volume La Prisonnière é etapa fundamental nesse processo. A função narrativa do aprendizado parece ser, entretanto, outra e passa pelo que Proust chama de “longa demonstração” de uma “obra dogmática”, ligada ao papel que o leitor deve assumir durante a leitura do romance.
Senhores Jurados: Os Leitores
Authors: Geske Samara Fernanda de Almeida Oliveira Lócio e Silva
Published: December 2013

Partindo dos conceitos da Estética da Recepção, este artigo pretende analisar um dos aspectos do processo de leitura de L’étranger de Albert Camus. A partir do episódio do julgamento do personagem, fazemos uma analogia entre o papel do jurado e do leitor. Vemos como o júri propõe um papel a ser também seguido pelo leitor e como isso influi na sua leitura. Também veremos como o conceito de ¨Absurdo¨ de Camus, apresentado em seu ensaio Le mythe de Sysiphe, é fundamental para a leitura da obra, sendo que a leitura se constitui como um processo que revela o próprio conceito de Absurdo ao leitor.
Georges Perec: uma Poética da Reescritura
Authors: Messias Carolina
Published: December 2013

Este artigo apresenta a fase inicial de minha pesquisa na Iniciação Científica, cuja questão principal é entender a reescritura como um dos cernes da poética perecqueana. A partir dessa discussão, pretendo mostrar de que forma ocorre o processo de reapropriação de Flaubert, levantar hipóteses sobre os motivos da escolha desse autor do séc. XIX como um dos ‘modelos’ do primeiro livro de Georges Perec, Les Choses (1965) e discutir o valor literário da citação.
A Escrita do Tremor: La Cohée du Lamentin, de Édouard Glissant
Authors: Pino Claudia Amigo
Published: December 2013

sem resumo
Anmerkungen zu einigen Papyruskommentaren zu Pindar
Authors: Benelli Luca
Published: December 2013

Abstract

This article will discuss, in two separate parts, two different ancient commentaries on Pindar. The first, P. Berol. 13875, may be an abbreviated version of an original commentary of Didymos: the words πελε- / κυφ̣[ό]ρ̣αν ἵππον (P. Berol. 13875 ll. 9-10 = Pi. Fr. Dub. 339a M.) represent a fragment of Simonides, not of Pindar. The source of Schol. in Pi. N. 4.3/5 may be an abbreviated version of Theon’s commentary on Pindar. In the second part of the article, some passages of the P. Oxy. 2451 A Fr. 2, the second commentary, will be discussed. Pi. I. 3 and 4 are two different victory odes. Thematic similarities or repetitions of individual words between the end of a poem and beginning of the following poem can also be found in the corpus of other lyric poets, especially in Sappho. Only with the order of the manuscripts do the similarities and repetitions between the end of Pi. I. 3 and the beginning of Pi. I. 4 become clear: this may have been the intention of the original Alexandrian editors.
A new Philautus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from northern Laos allied to P. abditus Inger, Orlov & Darevsky, 1999
Authors: STUART BRYAN L. , Phimmachak Somphouthone , SEATEUN SENGVILAY , SHERIDAN JENNIFER A.
Published: December 2013

The small rhacophorid frog Philautus abditus is geographically restricted to central Vietnam and adjacent Cambodia. Our fieldwork in northern Laos resulted in the discovery of a Philautus species that very closely resembles P. abditus, but is at least 330 km from the nearest known locality of that species. The Laos population differs from P. abditus in mitochondrial DNA and coloration, and is described here as a new species. Philautus nianeae sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by having the combination of a hidden tympanum; no nuptial pads; smooth skin; large black spots on the hidden surfaces of the hind limbs; light venter with dark spotting; and a bronze iris. A second species of Philautus from northern Laos, P. petilus, is transferred on the basis of morphology to the genus Theloderma.
New contributions to the knowledge of the immatures of Stilobezzia punctulata Lane and Stilobezzia fiebrigi Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Authors: CAZORLA CARLA G. , DIAZ FLORENTINA , MARINO PABLO I , SPINELLI GUSTAVO R. , RONDEROS MARÍA M.
Published: December 2013

The fourth instar larva of Stilobezzia punctulata Lane is described for the first time and the one of Stilobezzia fiebrigi Kieffer is redescribed. They are illustrated and photomicrographed from material collected in different aquatic environments of the province of Corrientes, Argentina. Both species show features typical to carnivorous-predatory larva.
Evaluation of AIRS Cloud-Thermodynamic-Phase Determination with CALIPSO
Authors: Jin Hongchun , Nasiri Shaima L.
Published: December 2013

Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) infrared-based cloud-thermodynamic-phase retrievals are evaluated using the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) cloud thermodynamic phase. The AIRS cloud phase is derived from spectral information contained within the 8–12-μm window, and CALIPSO provides coincident pixel-scale observations of cloud phase using the depolarization capability of the 532-nm channel. Comparisons are performed between the AIRS and CALIPSO cloud-phase observations for single-layer (48.5% of all clouds), heterogeneous-layer (45.9%), and multilayered (5.6%) clouds. The AIRS ice phase is in agreement with CALIPSO for more than 90% of coincident observations globally, with the largest discrepancies found in high latitudes and multilayered clouds. AIRS water phase generally follows CALIPSO spatial patterns, but the frequency is lower by about a factor of 2. The ice and water phases of AIRS both show misclassifications about 1% of the time when compared with CALIPSO. Not all clouds demonstrate strong phase signatures in the AIRS spectrum, which leads AIRS to classify unknown phase to around 10% of CALIPSO’s ice clouds and 60% of CALIPSO’s water clouds. This study shows that the algorithm is capable of detecting ice clouds within the AIRS field of view and can be used as the first step in further retrievals of ice-cloud optical thickness and effective particle size.
Generalized Split-Explicit Runge–Kutta Methods for the Compressible Euler Equations
Authors: Knoth Oswald , Wensch Joerg
Published: December 2013

The compressible Euler equations exhibit wave phenomena on different scales. A suitable spatial discretization results in partitioned ordinary differential equations where fast and slow modes are present. Generalized split-explicit methods for the time integration of these problems are presented. The methods combine explicit Runge–Kutta methods for the slow modes and with a free choice integrator for the fast modes. Order conditions for these methods are discussed.

Construction principles to develop methods with enlarged stability area are presented. Among the generalized class several new methods are developed and compared to the well-established three-stage low-storage Runge–Kutta method (RK3). The new methods allow a 4 times larger macro step size. They require a smaller integration interval for the fast modes. Further, these methods satisfy the order conditions for order three even for nonlinear equations. Numerical tests on more complex problems than the model equation confirm the enhanced stability properties of these methods.
Primary care physicians’ and psychiatrists’ willingness to refer to religious mental health providers
Authors: Lawrence Ryan E , Rasinski Kenneth A , Yoon John D , Curlin Farr A
Published: December 2013

Background:

Recent decades have witnessed some integration of mental health care and religious resources.

Aim:

We measured primary care physicians’ (PCPs) and psychiatrists’ knowledge of religious mental health-care providers, and their willingness to refer there.

Methods:

A national survey of PCPs and psychiatrists was conducted, using vignettes of depressed and anxious patients. Vignettes included Christian or Jewish patients, who regularly or rarely attended services. We asked whether physicians knew of local religious mental health providers, and whether they would refer patients there.

Results:

In all, 896/1427 PCPs and 312/487 psychiatrists responded. Half of PCPs (34.1%–44.1%) and psychiatrists (51.4%–56.3%) knew Christian providers; fewer PCPs (8.5%–9.9%) and psychiatrists (15.8%–19.6%) knew Jewish providers. Predictors included the following: patients were Christian (odds ratio (OR) = 2.2–2.9 for PCPs, 2.3–2.4 for psychiatrists), respondents were Christian (OR = 2.1–9.3 for PCPs) and respondents frequently attend services (OR = 3.5–7.0 for PCPs). Two-thirds of PCPs (63.3%–64%) and psychiatrists (48.8%–52.6%) would refer to religious providers. Predictors included the following: patients regularly attend services OR = 1.2 for PCPs, 1.6 for Psychiatrists, depression vignette only), respondents were Christian (OR = 2.8–18.1 for PCPs, 2.3–9.2 for psychiatrists) and respondents frequently attend services (OR = 5.1–6.3 for PCPs).

Conclusion:

Many physicians would refer patients to religious mental health providers. However, less religious PCPs are less knowledgeable about local religious providers.
Total light transmittance of glass fiber-reinforced polymer laminates for multifunctional load-bearing structures
Authors: Pascual Carlos , de Castro Julia , Schueler Andreas , Vassilopoulos Anastasios P , Keller Thomas
Published: December 2013

The total light transmittance of hand lay-up glass fiber-reinforced polymer laminates for building construction was investigated with a view to two architectural applications: translucent load-bearing structures and the encapsulation of photovoltaic cells into glass fiber-reinforced polymer building skins of sandwich structures. Spectrophotometric experiments on unidirectional and cross-ply glass fiber-reinforced polymer specimens in the range from 0.20 to 0.45 fiber volume fraction and artificial sunlight exposure experiments on encapsulated amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells were performed. Analytical models have been developed to predict light transmittance through glass fiber-reinforced polymer structures and the percentage of solar radiation reaching encapsulated photovoltaic cells. The total amount of fibers in the laminates was the major parameter influencing light transmittance, with fiber architecture having little effect and regardless of fiber volume fraction. Eight-three percent of solar irradiance in the band of 300–800 nm reached the surface of amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells encapsulated below structural glass fiber-reinforced polymer laminates with a fiber reinforcement weight of 820 g/m2, demonstrating the feasibility of conceiving multifunctional glass fiber-reinforced polymer structures.
Les héritiers du baby-boom. Jeunes et religion au Québec
Authors: Gauthier François , Perreault Jean-Philippe
Published: December 2013

Quebec youth are largely detached from traditional religious institutions today and live in a socio-religious context that has been deeply transformed by the 1960s Quiet Revolution’s rapid social, political and cultural modernization. As a result, the French-Canadian majority is not so much the Catholic Church’s orphans as the inheritors of the Cultural Revolution incarnated by baby boomers who have transmitted a spiritualized and non-institutional type of religiosity and participation to the ambient hyper-mediatized consumer society. Thus Quebec’s long-time specificity regarding religion has eroded while aligning with other West-European societies. The characteristics of contemporary youth religion are cast as forming a system, thus challenging the widespread diagnoses of fragmentation, transience or blurriness. This supports the argument that a methodology less concerned with the destiny of congregational religious institutions than with the lives, experiences, and actual beliefs of youth is required for the sociology of religion today.
Tumor thrombus in left atrium from pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma
Authors: Xie Dong , Ding Jiaan , Zhou Xiao , Chen Chang , Zhao Deping , Jiang Gening
Published: December 2013

We report a case of pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma with a tumor thrombus in the left atrium. The left atrial tumor thrombus and lung cancer were removed via a right pneumonectomy and atriotomy under cardiopulmonary bypass. Simultaneous resection of a left atrial tumor thrombus and lung cancer can prevent systemic embolization, mitral obstruction, and sudden death, and improve the prognosis in selected patients.