bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPERMANENCE / MUTABILITY: READING PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEY’S POETRY THROUGH BUDDHA
Authors: Hajjari Leila , Sarvestani Zahra Soltani
Published: March 2021

As an ongoing phenomenon, the impermanence of the world has been observed by many people, both in ancient and modern times, in the East and in the West. Two of these authors are Gautama Buddha (an ancient, eastern philosopher from the 6th-5th centuries B.C.) and Percy Bysshe Shelley (a modern Western poet: 1792-1822). The aim of this paper is to examine in the light of Buddhist philosophy what impermanence means or looks in a selection of Shelley’s poems, after considering that this philosophy was not alien to the Europeans of the 18th and 19th centuries. Buddhism, seeing impermanence (anicca) as the foundation of the world, both acquiesces to it and urges the individuals to sway with its ebb and flow. Shelley mainly falters in the incorporation of the phenomenon into his mindset and his poems. However, he often shows a casual acceptance of it; and even, in a few cases, he presents it with a positive assessment.

Keywords: Buddhism, Shelley, impermanence, mutability, transience, anicca
CULTURAL ALIENATION AND LANGUAGE DISCONTINUITY IN LA MÉMOIRE TATTOUÉE
Authors: Miloud Rahmoun
Published: March 2021

The question of Alienation is a core subject-matter of human conditioning in the present era. Therefore, it is natural that a controversial issue like alienation should leave such an indelible influence upon contemporary literature. The question of Alienation, in its different manifestations, has been conceptualized and discussed, most importantly, within the existentialistic literary perspective. Due to its historical and socio-cultural conditions, the African as well as the Maghrebian literature could not shy away from the influence of alienation, understood as an identity loss and as a sense of inferiority, experienced either before or after the contact with the Other. The dispossessed personality's search for identity is a commonplace theme in modern fiction. The present paper will discuss the different nuances of the word alienation and analyze this theme in La Mémoire Tattouée (1971), a Moroccan literary text written in French by Abdelkebir Khatibi. The aim is to show how language discontinuity stands as a cause that creates a sense of inferiority, subordination, and alienation.

Key words: identity, alienation, inferiority, existentialism, La Mémoire Tatuée, Abdelkebir Khatibi
ENTRETIEN AVEC JEAN-PIERRE BROUILLAUD SUR MA VIE AVEC CONTUMACE (2018)
Authors: Doustin Elisabeth
Published: March 2021

Entretien avec l’écrivain français Jean-Pierre Brouillaud, mené par des étudiants du lycée Jean Moulin (Saint-Amand-Montrond), sous la responsabilité d’Elisabeth Doustin, leur professeur de littérature. Après une introduction à l’expérience didactique, à la biographie de Monsieur Brouillaud et à son oeuvre variée, l’auteur est interrogé à propos de son roman Ma vie avec Contumace (Buchet-Chastel, 2018) et sur des questions générales d’écriture.

Mot-clés: roman, écrivain, français, Jean-Pierre Brouillaud, entretien
The Effectiveness of Animated Video as Learning Media Towards The Perception of Healthy Snacks on Elementary School Students in Indonesia
Authors: Yusuf Mutia , Zuhrawardi Zuhrawardi , Wardani Elly
Published: March 2021

The negative effect of consuming unhealthy snacks is foodborne illness caused by food and drinks that have been contaminated with germs. This problems need a serius intervention especially education for the school children to develop understanding of the importance of healthy, safe and nutritious snacks. It was reported that 73% of elementary school students have low knowledge and 81% have low attitude towards healthy snacks. Amongst efforts to educate children on healthy snacks is the audio-visual media. This study is conducted to investigate the effectiveness of animated video and power point as learning media towards the perception of healthy snacks on elementary school students in Indonesia. The design is quasi experiment with control group, with the sample of grade 5s' elementary school students. Data were collected using questionnaires developed from health belief model and intervention is given in the form of health education using animated video media. The results show that there are perception differences in susceptibility (P=0.0001), seriousness (P=0.0001), benefits (P=0.0001), and obstacles (P=0.0001) related to healthy snacks before and after education with animated video. Based on that, it is expected to the schools and parents to give attention to the quality of the snacks by educating and providing the children with healthy snack options.
Study on the Physicochemical Characteristics and Dust Suppression Performance of New Type Chemical Dust Suppressant for Copper Mine Pavement
Authors: Huang Zhian , Huang Yang , Yang Zhijun , Zhang Jun , Zhang Yinghua , Gao Yukun , Shao Zhenlu , Zhang Linghua
Published: March 2021

Mine road dust is an important source of dust in mine operations. The dust produced on the road surface is a great hazard to the workers. Aiming at the road dust of an open-pit mine, this paper conducts physical and chemical analysis of a dust suppressant prepared by using sodium polyacrylate as a binder, sodium carbonate as a moisture absorbent, polyethylene glycol as a water-retaining agent, and alkyl glycoside as a surfactant. Characterization of characteristics and dust suppression performance. The results show that the dust suppressant has a pH of 11.03, a viscosity of 18.5 mPa·s, and a surface tension of 28.1 mN/m. The content of heavy metal ions contained is less than the maximum concentration defined by the national standard. Under the same temperature condition, the greater the humidity, the stronger the hygroscopicity, especially when the humidity is 30%, where the better hygroscopic effect than water is obvious. The dust suppressant also has good anti-evaporation properties and it keeps at 4–5% moisture content after 10 days at a normal temperature. Compared with water, the dust suppressant has better resistance to wind erosion and compression. Under the same conditions, the loss rate of water is 2 times that of the dust suppressant and the pressure of the dust suppressant sample is about 3 times that of water. The dust suppressant has a much higher dust removal efficiency for all dust and respirable dust than water under the same conditions. Finally, the test results and mechanism of the dust suppression effect of the dust suppressant are described and analyzed, which shows that the dust suppressant studied in this paper has good performance and is suitable for road dust prevention.
Green Standard Model Using Machine Learning: Identifying Threats and Opportunities Facing the Implementation of Green Building in Iran
Authors: Rajabi Mohamad , Sardroud Javad Majrouhi , Kheyroddin Ali
Published: March 2021

Residential buildings consume a major portion of energy resources and hence are seriously involved in environmental pollution. In Iran, the consumption of fossil fuels is on the rise, to the extent that it has grown by more than 400% from 1990 to 2018. One of the fundamental solutions for reducing fossil fuel consumption and creating a healthy environment inside and outside buildings is the implementation and development of green buildings. This study seeks to examine the obstacles and opportunities facing green building and proposes a localized green standard befitting the conditions of Iran with the aim of contributing to the development of green buildings. To this end, the requisite parameters were identified using the opinions of experts and Delphi method, and the opinions of 81 building experts including the employer, consultant and contractor were obtained using a three-part questionnaire. Based on the results obtained using the machine learning method, the score of the local green building in a total of five dimensions, namely site, water, energy, materials and quality of indoor environment was calculated to be 77.2, while the energy dimension was determined to be the most important green standard dimension with a significance coefficient of 0.548. In the ranking analysis of all parameters using Friedman test, the parameters of energy consumption management, use of renewable energy and thermal zoning attained the highest scores among other factors. Furthermore, lack of awareness on green buildings (77%) and high potential for renewable energy production (81%) were respectively identified as the biggest obstacle and opportunity facing the implementation of green buildings in Iran.
Research on the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Shu Xinyao , Zhang Yunwu , Wang Yujia , Wu Jing , Chen Xingyu , Xu Ruitong , Liu Xingting , Luo Jingsong , Deng Tingting
Published: March 2021

Background: To predict the mechanism of Huaijiao Diyu Decoction in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Methods: The active components and related targets of 7 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials were collected from the database of Chinese medicinal materials. CRC related targets are obtained from the Genes card database. cross targets of disease and drug targets were input into the STRING database to construct protein-protein interaction networks.GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis using clusterProfiler packets in the language, Finally, the interaction between core components and core targets is discussed by molecular docking.Result: TCMSP database prompts, There are 34 active compounds mapping 114 targets in Sophora japonica decoction; G enecards database prompts, A total of 858 targets are closely related to CRC, The two data sets map each other to obtain 114 intersection targets. Core components of Sophora flavescens decoction in treating CRC may be quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, The core therapeutic targets may be PTGS2、PTGS1、HSP90AA1 and AR, CRC related pathways involve multiple molecular functions such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell signal transduction, metabolism, endocrine, tumor immunity, transcription and cell metabolism. Molecular docking results show that the binding ability of PTGS1、PTGS2、AR to core components is strong, The Vina value (binding energy) of the interaction between PTGS1 protein and core components is the best, -7.9kcal/mol . Conclusion: This study demonstrates the mechanism of multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway action in the treatment of CRC, Can provide the idea for clarifying the specific mechanism of Huaijiao Diyu decoction in the treatment of CRC in the future.
Effects of Confounding Factors on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Ersoy Emrah , Ardic Cuneyt
Published: March 2021

Background Blood pressure is influenced by biopsychosocial factors such as physical, environmental, emotional, cognitive and behavioral in hypertensive patients. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate confounding factors in hypertensive patients who have poor blood pressure control.DesignThis study was designed as a cross-sectional study.ParticipantsOur sample was 407 patients with hypertension in Rize, a Northern city in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. In study group, there were 207 hypertensive patients who had admission to emergency department due to high blood pressure. In control group, there were 200 hypertensive patients visiting family physician,who defined themselves as having regulated blood pressure over the past six months.Main MeasuresPatients completed the questionnaire including sociodemographic data, lifestyle behaviors, health risks and confounding factors via the face-to-face interview method. Key ResultsOf the hypertensive patients, 81.2% (n=168) of the study group and 34.0% (n=68) of the control group had confounding factors. There was a significant difference between the hypertensive patients of study and control group in terms of their confounding factors (p<0.001). When we asked the patients of study group questions to reveal their confounding factors, 21.3% (n=44) stated ‘anger’, 12.6% (n=26) ‘sadness’, 11.1% (n=23) ‘anxiety’, 10.6% (n=22) ‘depressed’, 9.2% (n=19) ‘unhealthy diet’, 7.2% (n=15) ‘fatigue and poor sleep quality’, and 3.9% (n=8) ‘irregular medication’. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in hypertensive patients having confounding factors than those without confounding factors (p=0.001, p=0.001, respectively). Mean systolic blood pressure of hypertensives who stated their confounding factor as ‘anger’ was significantly higher than those the remaining groups (p<0.001).ConclusionsThis study has shown that confounding factors impair blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. Confounding factors should be kept in mind and revealed in case of poor blood pressure control in hypertensive patients.
Stomach secretes estrogen in response to blood triglyceride levels in males
Authors: Kanai Yoshimitsu , Ito Takao , Yamamoto Yuta , Yamagishi Naoko
Published: March 2021

The central nervous system receives body energy information and controls feeding behavior and lipogenesis1. Ghrelin, insulin, leptin and vagal afferents transmit the status of fasting, blood glucose, body fat, and food intake, respectively2-5. Estrogen, which is secreted from adipocytes and gastric parietal cells and from the ovaries in females, also acts upon the central nervous system and liver to inhibit feeding behavior and lipogenesis6-9. How blood triglyceride levels are monitored and how estrogen levels are regulated from the perspective of the lipid homeostasis is not well understood. Using male rats, we show that gastric parietal cells secrete estrogen in response to blood triglyceride levels. Parietal cells predominantly use fatty acid as an energy source. When male rats are administered olive oil or glucose, blood estrogen levels increase as the blood triglyceride, but not glucose, levels rise. Estrogen levels in stomach tissues increase as the blood triglyceride levels rise, and blood triglyceride level-dependent increases of blood estrogen levels are cancelled in gastrectomized rats. We therefore propose that in males, parietal cells in the stomach act as a sensor for the blood triglyceride levels and can secrete estrogen to inhibit the hepatic lipogenesis and feeding behavior when blood triglyceride levels are high.
WITHDRAWN: Composite Immersion and Invariance Based Adaptive Attitude Control of Asteroid-Orbiting Spacecraft in Elliptic Orbit
Authors: Lee Keum W , Singh Sahjendra N
Published: March 2021

This paper proposes a new composite noncertainty-equivalence adaptive (CNCEA) control system for the attitude (roll, pitch, and yaw angle) control of a spacecraft in an orbit around a uniformly rotating asteroid based on the immersion and invariance (I&I) theory. For the design, it is assumed that the asteroid's gravitational parameters and the spacecraft's inertia matrix are not known. In contrast to certainty-equivalence adaptive (CEA) or noncertainty-equivalence adaptive (NCEA) systems, the CNCEA attitude control system's composite identifier uses the attitude angle tracking error, a nonlinear state-dependent vector function, and model prediction error for parameter estimation. The Lyapunov analysis shows that in the closed-loop system, the Euler angles asymptotically track the reference attitude trajectories. Interestingly, there exist two parameter error-dependent attractive manifolds, to which the closed-loop system's trajectories converge. Moreover, the composite identifier using two types of error signals provides stronger stability properties in the closed-loop system. Simulation results are presented for the attitude control of a spacecraft orbiting in the vicinity of the asteroid 433 Eros. These results show precise nadir pointing attitude regulation, despite uncertainties in the system.
COVID-19 in a Multiple Myeloma Patient: Cellular and Humoral Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 in a Short- and Long-term View
Authors: von Metzler Ivana , Campe Julia , Huenecke Sabine , Raab Marc , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Schubert Ralf , Rabenau Holger , Ciesek Sandra , Serve Hubert , Ullrich Evelyn
Published: March 2021

Multiple myeloma patients are often treated with immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies until disease progression. Chronic therapy in combination with the underlying disease frequently results in severe humoral and cellular immunodeficiency, which often manifests in recurrent infections. Here we report on the clinical management and immunological data of one multiple myeloma patient diagnosed with COVID-19. Despite severe hypogammaglobulinemia, deteriorated T cell counts and neutropenia, the patient unexpectedly combated COVID-19 by balanced response of innate immunity, strong CD8+ and CD4+ T cell activation and differentiation, development of specific T-cell memory subsets, as well as development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 type IgA and IgG antibodies. Even 6 months after re-introduction of lenalidomide maintenance therapy, specific T cell response and antibody levels remained detectable, indicating persisting immunity against SARS-CoV-2. We conclude that in MM patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were receiving active MM treatment, immune response assessment could be a useful tool to help guide decision-making regarding the continuation of anti-tumor therapy and supportive therapy.
Time Since Rewetting Defines Vegetation Composition and Carbon Dioxide Fluxes on Former Milled Peatlands - Comparison With Undisturbed Bogs
Authors: Purre Anna-Helena , Ilomets Mati
Published: March 2021

Rewetting is the most common restoration approach for milled peatlands in Europe, with the aim of creating suitable conditions for the development of peatland specific plant cover and carbon accumulation. Therefore, it is important to determine if time since rewetting is pivotal for milled peatlands to become functionally and structurally similar to their undisturbed counterparts. We investigate the temporal succession in rewetted peatlands in Estonia by a chronosequence of 4, 15, and 35 years before the measurements. Plant functional type (PFT) cover and biomass, bryophyte production and CO2 fluxes were measured on two milled peatlands, as well as undisturbed bogs adjacent to milled peatlands. Differences in vegetation composition and CO2 fluxes between the sites were greater for rewetted than undisturbed sites. The most recently rewetted site was mainly covered in bare peat and Eriophorum vaginatum and was a CO2 source. On the rewetted site of 15 years, Sphagnum was present in addition to ombrotrophic sedges, and in the rewetted site of 35 years, lawn-hollow microtopography is starting to develop with various PFTs. Both of these sites were CO2 sinks. Lawn Sphagnum was abundant on the two older rewetted sites, and was connected with CO2 sink functioning in the rewetted sites. Still, hummock Sphagnum species, which were present in undisturbed bogs, were absent from all of the rewetted sites. With time, CO2 fluxes, microtopography and vegetation develop after rewetting in the direction of undisturbed bogs, while vegetation composition still differs from the reference sites even 35 years after rewetting.
Comparison of Success Rate of Extubation Between Spontaneous Breathing Trial with Pressure Support Ventilation and T-piece in Patients with Expiratory Flow Limitation
Authors: Kluanwan Yanisa , Kongpolprom Napplika
Published: March 2021

Background: Expiratory flow limitation (EFL) is an inability to exceed a certain flow regardless of the pressure exerted, which appears in 60% of patients with extubation failure. However, an appropriate weaning method for the patients with EFL remains unknown.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate an effect of different techniques of spontaneous breathing trials (SBT) on a success rate of extubation in the patients with EFL.

Methods: We conducted a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial comparing between 30-minute pressure support ventilation (PSV) and 30-minute T-piece in ventilated patients with EFL who got ready to wean. The primary outcome was successful extubation during a 72-hour post-extubation period. Secondary outcomes were a reintubation rate within 7 days, time to reintubation, and a SBT success rate.

Results: A total of 99 ventilated patients with EFL consisting of male (50.5%) with the median age of 70 [23] years were recruited. The most common cause of acute respiratory failure was intrapulmonary cause (68.7%). The eligible patients were randomized into 2 groups with a ratio of 1:1. The success rate of extubation during the 72-hour period in the PSV group was non-inferior to the T-piece group: 82% and 81.63%, respectively (95%CI -0.148 to 0.156, p=0.0475). There was also non-inferiority in the reintubation rate within 7 days (22.9% in the PSV group VS 15.2% in the T-piece group; 95%CI -0.081 to 0.235, p=0.005) and the SBT success rate (96% in the PSV group VS 93.9% in the T-piece group; 95%CI -0.065 to 0.108, p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the median time to reintubation between these 2 groups (55 [95.5] hours in PSV VS 25.33 [48] hours in the T-piece group, p=0.683).

Conclusions: Among patients with EFL, the 30-minute SBT with PSV was non-inferior to the T-piece SBT in terms of the successful extubation during the 72-hour period, successful SBT, and reintubation rate within 7 days. This was the first study demonstrating that the different techniques of SBT did not affect the weaning outcomes in the patients with EFL.
Estimating Prevalence of Human Traits Among Populations From Polygenic Risk Scores
Authors: Graham Britney , Plotkin Brian , Muglia Louis , Moore Jason , Williams Scott
Published: March 2021

The genetic basis of phenotypic variation across populations has not been well explained for most traits. Several factors may cause disparities, from variation in environments to divergent population genetic structure. We hypothesized that a population level polygenic risk score (PRS) can explain phenotypic variation among geographic populations based solely on risk allele frequencies. We applied a population specific PRS (psPRS) to 26 populations from the 1000 Genomes to four phenotypes: lactase persistence (LP), melanoma, multiple sclerosis (MS) and height. Our models assumed additive genetic architecture among the polymorphisms in the psPRS, as is convention. Linear psPRSs explained a significant proportion of trait variance ranging from 0.32 for height in men to 0.88 for melanoma. The best models for LP and height were linear, while those for melanoma and MS were nonlinear. As not all variants in a PRS may confer similar, or even any, risk among diverse populations, we also filtered out SNPs to assess whether variance explained was improved using psPRSs with fewer SNPs. Variance explained usually improved with fewer SNPs in the psPRS and were as high as 0.99 for height in men using only 548 of the initial 4208 SNPs. That reducing SNPs improves psPRS performance may indicate that missing heritability is partially due to complex architecture that does not mandate additivity, undiscovered variants, or spurious associations in the databases. We demonstrated that PRS based-analyses can be used across diverse populations and phenotypes for population prediction and that these comparisons can identify the universal risk variants.
Clinical pharmacist interventions during clinical rounding in a psychiatric hospital: Positive evidence for pharmacists in interdisciplinary rounding at psychiatric hospital
Authors: Stuhec Matej , Tement Valentina
Published: March 2021

Clinical pharmacists have not yet become an integral part of interdisciplinary ward rounds in most psychiatric hospitals across the European Union. This retrospective study examined the impact of the recommendations from a clinical pharmacist during hospital rounds as part of an interdisciplinary medical team in a psychiatric hospital. This retrospective observational pre-post study included all patients in a Slovenian psychiatric hospital who were hospitalized in 2019–2020. The clinical pharmacist made 315 recommendations for a total of 244 participants (average age M = 59.4, median = 56). Psychiatrists accepted 295 (93.7%) of the recommendations. After the recommendations, the number of expressed DRPs decreased in 166 interventions (93.8%) and the number of potential DRPs in 129 interventions (93.8%). Three months after discharge, 222 accepted recommendations were continued (70.5%). The most common recommendations were related to antipsychotics (19.4%, N = 61) followed by antidepressants (16.8%, N = 53). Including a clinical pharmacist in the interdisciplinary ward rounds in a psychiatric hospital reduced the number of expressed and potential DRPs with a very high recommendation acceptance rate. These results are the first in the European Union to show the benefits of including a clinical pharmacist in ward rounding.
Collisionless Relaxation of a Disequilibrated Current Sheet and Implications for Bifurcated Structures
Authors: Yoon Young Dae , Yun Gunsu , Burch James , Wendel Deirdre
Published: March 2021

Current sheets are ubiquitous plasma structures that play the crucial role of being energy sources for various magnetic phenomena. Although a plethora of current sheet equilibrium solutions have been found, the collisionless process through which a disequilibrated current sheet relaxes or equilibrates remains largely unknown. Here we show, through analyses of phase-space distributions of single-particle orbit classes and particle-in-cell simulations, that collisionless transitions among the orbit classes are responsible for this process. Bifurcated current sheets, which are readily observed in geospace but whose origins remain controversial, are shown to naturally arise from the equilibration process and thus are likely to be the underlying structures in various phenomena; comparisons of spacecraft observations to particle-in-cell simulations support this fact. The bearing of this result on previous explanations of bifurcated structures is also discussed.
How does urbanization affect perceptions and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants?
Authors: Arjona-García Cecilia , Blancas José Juan , Beltrán-Rodríguez Leonardo , López Citlalli , Colín-Bahena Hortencia , Moreno-Calles Ana Isabel , Sierra-Huelz José Antonio , López-Medellín Xavier
Published: March 2021

Background: Use and knowledge of medicinal plants play an essential role in community health in rural Mexico. They are part of the local inheritance and constitute an economic alternative. Nevertheless, knowledge of their use has declined due to factors like accelerated urbanization processes. Some authors have proposed that by reducing natural spaces, urbanization generates changes which will impact recognition, use and management of natural resources. We evaluate how urbanization affects knowledge, use and perception of medicinal plants in a Biosphere Reserve in Mexico. Methods: Using a mixed methodology including quantitative and qualitative analyses, we generate a list of medicinal plants, methods of preparation, prevalence of illness, and use. Results: 210 medicinal plants were identified. The more urbanized community used greater number of introduced plants; whereas the less urbanized used and had more knowledge about wild plants. One of the factors explaining these differences was occupation. People who work outdoors have greater knowledge of wild plants. The more urbanized community knew and used more introduced species. Conclusions: This can lead to a loss of knowledge of use and management of wild species, with implications for the conservation of biocultural heritage. Substitution of native by introduced plants shows disinterest and disuse, which could be reflected in their ecosystems.
Prevalence and Causes of Meatal Stenosis in Circumcised Boys
Authors: Acimi Smail , Abderrahmane Naima , debbous Lamia , Bouziani Nacim , Mansouri Juba , Acimi Mohammed Ali , Boukhari Youcef , Hadjeb Naziha , Yazi Aboubaker essedik
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and causes of meatal stenosis after circumcision in children. Between October 2018 and April 2019, we carried out a prospective cross-sectional study on 1031 circumcised boys, aged 5 to 8 years (mean age 6.1 years ± 0.3 years), enrolled in the first level of primary school in Oran (Algeria). All enrolled children underwent a genitourinary examination. Moreover, an anonymous questionnaire was filled-in by one of the parents. The screening revealed the presence of meatal stenosis in 185 children, representing a prevalence of 17.9 % of cases (95% CI = 15.6–20.3). Analysis of the results using both the univariate and multivariate mode brought out some common risk factors such as forceful retraction of the prepuce and the use of a healing product: Beta-sitosterol and Hydrocotyl (Centella Asiatica), rarely Trolamine. In addition, this study showed that boys circumcised during their first week of life are twice as likely to develop meatal stenosis than those circumcised between 7 and 12 months (OR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.10–3.92, p = 0.021). Conclusion: this study showed that stenosis of the urethral meatus is a frequent complication of circumcision. Circumcision in the first week of life, a foreskin that adheres to the glans, and the use of a healing product were associated with the risk of stenosis development.
Features of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in the intensive care unit (ICU) : a 260-patient retrospective analysis
Authors: BICHON Amandine , BOURENNE Jérémy , ALLARDET-SERVENT Jérôme , PAPAZIAN Laurent , HRAIECH Sami , GUERVILLY Christophe , PAULY Vanessa , KAPLANSKI Gilles , MOKART Djamel , GAINNIER Marc , CARVELLI Julien
Published: March 2021

Background

Adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is highly lethal in the ICU. The diagnostic and therapeutic emergency that HLH represents is compounded by its unknown pathophysiological mechanisms. Here, we report on a large cohort of adult-acquired HLH in the ICU. We analyzed prognostic factors associated with mortality to define the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in this specific population,
Methods

This retrospective study included adult patients diagnosed with HLH in four ICUs in Marseille, France between 2010 and 2020. Patients who fulfilled the HLH-2004 criteria (> 4/8) and/or had an HScore > 169 were diagnosed with HLH. HLH was categorized into four groups according to etiology: sepsis-associated HLH, intracellular infection-associated HLH, malignancy-associated HLH, and idiopathic HLH.
Results

260 patients were included: 121 sepsis-associated HLH (47%), 84 intracellular infection-associated HLH (32%), 28 malignancy-associated HLH (11%), and 27 idiopathic HLH (10%). The ICU mortality rate reached 57% (n = 147/260) without a statistical difference between etiological groups. Independent factors associated with mortality in multivariate analysis included age (OR (5 years) = 1.31 [1.16–1.48], p < 0.0001), SOFA score at ICU admission (OR = 1.37 [1.21–1.56], p < 0.0001), degradation of the SOFA score between ICU arrival and HLH diagnosis (Delta SOFA) (OR = 1.47 [1.28–1.70], p < 0.0001), the presence of bone-marrow hemophagocytosis (OR = 5.27 [1.11–24.97], p = 0.04), highly severe anemia (OR = 1.44 [1.09–1.91], p = 0.01), and hypofibrinogenemia (OR = 1.21 [1.04–1.41], p = 0.02).
Conclusions

In this large retrospective cohort study of critically ill patients, ICU-acquired HLH in adults was associated with a 57% mortality rate, regardless of HLH etiology. Factors independently associated with prognosis included age, presence of hemophagocytosis in bone-marrow aspirates, organ failure at admission, and worsening organ failure during the ICU stay. Whether a rapid diagnosis and the efficacy of specific therapy improve outcome is yet to be prospectively investigated.
Early Versus Late Use of Dexamethasone in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sulaiman Khalid Al , Alhubaishi Alaa , Juhani Ohoud Al , Eljaaly Khalid , Harbi Omar Al , Badreldin Hisham A. , Yousif Ghada Al , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Albelwi Shorouq , Almutairi Rahaf , Almousa Maha , Alghamdi Razan , Alharbi Aisha , Algarni Rahmah , Akhani Nada , Atassi Abdulaleam Al , Ghamdi Ghassan Al
Published: March 2021

Background:

Corticosteroids, especially dexamethasone, showed a survival benefit in critically ill COVID 19 patients. However, it is unclear whether the timing of dexamethasone initiation is associated with positive outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the timing of dexamethasone initiation and 30-day ICU mortality in critically ill patients with COVID19.
Methods:

A multicenter, non-interventional, prospective study for all adult COVID19 admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) who received systemic dexamethasone between March 01 to December 31, 2020. Patients were divided into two groups based on the timing for dexamethasone initiation (early vs. late). Early use defined as the initiation of dexamethasone within three days of ICU admission. Multivariate logistic and generalized linear regression were used. We considered a P value of < 0.05 statistically significant.
Results:

A total of 475 patients were included in the study; dexamethasone was initiated early within three days of ICU admission in 433 patients. Early initiation of dexamethasone was associated with lower 30-day ICU mortality (OR [95%CI]: 0.43 [0.23, 0.81], p-value = 0.01), and acute kidney injury during ICU stay, (OR [95%CI]: 0.45 [0.21, 0.94], p-value = 0.03). Additionally, among survivors, early initiation was associated with shorter MV duration (beta coefficient [95% CI]: -0.94 [-1.477, -0.395], p-value = 0.0001), ICU length of stay (LOS) (beta coefficient [95%CI]: -0.73 [-0.9971, -0.469], p-value = 0.0001), and hospital LOS (beta coefficient [95%CI]: -0.68 [-0.913, -0.452], p-value = 0.0001).
Conclusion:

Early initiation of dexamethasone within three days of ICU admission in COVID-19 critically ill patients was associated with a mortality benefit. Additionally, it was associated with shorter MV duration, hospital, and ICU LOS.
Tracking Discussions of Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Medicine in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Month-by-Month Sentiment Analysis of Twitter Data
Authors: Ng Jeremy Y , Abdelkader Wael , Lokker Cynthia
Published: March 2021

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite the paucity of evidence, various complementary, alternative and integrative medicines (CAIMs) have been being touted as both preventative and curative. We conducted sentiment and emotion analysis with the intent of understanding CAIM content related to COVID-19 being generated on Twitter across 9 months.
Methods
Tweets relating to CAIM and COVID-19 were extracted from the George Washington University Libraries Dataverse Coronavirus tweets dataset from March 03-November 30, 2020. We trained and tested a machine learning classifier using a large, pre-labelled Twitter dataset, which was applied to predict the sentiment of each CAIM-related tweet, and we used a natural language processing package to identify the emotions based on the words contained in the tweets.
Results
Our dataset included 28713 English-language Tweets. The number of CAIM-related tweets during the study period peaked in May 2020, then dropped off sharply over the summer; the fewest CAIM-related tweets were collected during August 2020 and remained low for the remainder of the collection period. Most tweets (n = 15612, 54%) were classified as positive, 31% were neutral (n = 8803) and 15% were classified as negative (n = 4298). The most frequent emotions expressed across tweets were trust, followed by fear, while surprise and disgust were the least frequent. Though volume of tweets decreased over the 9 months of the study, the expressed sentiments and emotions remained constant.
Conclusion
The results of this sentiment analysis enabled us to establish key CAIMs being discussed at the intersection of COVID-19 across a 9-month period on Twitter. Overall, the majority of our subset of tweets were positive, as were the emotions associated with the words found within them. This may be interpreted as public support for CAIM, however, further qualitative investigation is warranted. Such future directions may be used to combat misinformation and improve public health strategies surrounding the use of social media information.
Did Negative News Regarding the Oxford AstraZeneca Vaccine end in Vaccine Hesitancy? A Repeated Cross-Section Event Study from the UK
Authors: Comerford David , Olivarius Olivia , Bell David , Dawson Alison , Brown Tamara , McGregor Lesley , Pemble Cate , McCabe Louise , Douglas Elaine
Published: March 2021

Vaccine hesitancy is influenced by perceived risk and benefits. On March 15th 2021 various countries suspended use of the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine against Covid-19 following deaths arising from blood clots. The story became headline news and online search querying vaccine safety increased. What happened to Covid-19 vaccine intentions? We were collecting relevant data at the time. Our survey asked UK adults if they intended to get the vaccine and measured their attitudes towards it. Data collection from respondents before coverage of the story reached its peak (March 12th-15th; n = 241) was compared with responses after the peak (March 17th; n = 305). Our data show no reductions in intentions or attitudes. Our study is uniquely positioned to analyse real-world responses and indicates that media coverage of this story did not reduce intention to take up the vaccine in the UK.
Immunoinformatics Analysis and In-silico Design of Multi- Epitopes Vaccine Against Lassa Virus
Authors: Omoniyi Akinyemi Ademola , Adebisi Samuel Sunday , Musa Sunday Abraham , Nzalak James Oliver , Danborno Barnabas , Bauchi Zainab Maryam , Badmus Iswat Taiwo , Olatomide Oluwasegun Davis , Oladimeji Olalekan Jerry , Nyengaard Jens Randel
Published: March 2021

Lassa virus, an arenavirus, represents the most prevalent human pathogen causing viral haemorrhagic fever. It is endemic in Nigeria and other West African countries. Despite the high burden of the disease, limited treatments are available and no approved vaccine for the prevention of this disease is available. In this study, an immunoinformatics approach was used to predict response of B and T cells from the Lassa virus proteome (GPC, NP, L and Z). The designed chimeric vaccine was modeled, refined, validated and docked with the RIG-I receptor. The docked complex of vaccine-RIG-I was subjected to dynamic stability test and the results suggest that the complex is stable. Validation of the final vaccine construct was done through in silico cloning using E. coli as host. A CAI value of 0.99 suggests that the vaccine construct expressed properly in the host. Immune simulation predicted significantly high levels of IgG1, T-helper, T-cytotoxic cells, INF-γ and IL-2. This theoretical study suggests infection control by creating an effective immunological memory against Lassa virus infections. However, both in vitro and in vivo experiments are needed to validate the immunogenicity and safety of the chimeric vaccine.
Microstructure and Magnetic properties of ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by Co-precipitation method
Authors: Sagayaraj R. , S.Aravazhi  , Chandrasekaran G.
Published: March 2021

In the current research, Cu0.5Co0.3Mo0.2Fe2O4 mixed ferrite nanoparticles have been synthesized using Co-precipitation method. XRD patterns show the development of polyphasic copper, cobalt and molybdenum mixed spinel composition. The particle size of ferrite system is 16nm and they are nanoparticles. The lattice constant was determined to be 8.368 Å used for the highest peak (311). FTIR spectroscopy shows the lower octahedral and higher tetrahedral frequency alignment of ions in the spinel ferrite leading to the octahedral 550 cm− 1 and the tetrahedral 471 cm− 1 vibration modes. TEM micrographs showed spherical morphology and their particle size less than 50 nm, which correlated XRD crystallite size. VSM shows excellent ferrimagnetic properties because of higher coercivity (985.29 G). These higher coercivity materials can make cathode content for Li-ion batteries.
Nanobelts-constructed Porous TiO2-B@SnS2 Heterostructure Hybrids for Enhance Lithium Storage Performance
Authors: Cai Chao , Song Meiyu , Ou Qixiang , Li Jianmei , an changsheng
Published: March 2021

Alloy-type anodes materials possess broad prospects for excellent electrochemical property lithium-ion batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity and excellent electronic conductivity. However, this type electrode materials experience poor kinetics and tremendous volume collapse during the repeated lithiation-delithiation process. Herein, an efficient method to provide a fast transmission channel and suppress the volume collapse during the discharge/charge process by constructing the heterostructure between porous TiO2-B nanoblets and few-layer SnS2 nanosheets interface, which provides high-active sites for the nucleation and growth of SnS2 nanosheets, and inhibits the agglomeration of SnS2 nanosheets. Both experimental results and theoretical calculations definite that porous TiO2 nanobelts provides more chemical active sites for the adsorption and transmission of lithium ion and then effectively improve the stability the electrode structure. As a result, TiO2-B@SnS2 hybrid exhibits excellent rate and cycle performance. This work paves a way to design and construction of high performance alloy-type anode materials.
“Less stress”: a pilot study on a cognitive behavioral treatment program for anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Oerbeck Beate , Overgaard Kristin Romvig , Attwood Tony , Bjaastad Jon Fauskanger
Published: March 2021

Background:

Comorbid anxiety disorders are prevalent in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but only a minority receives adequate treatment for anxiety. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to be effective in treating anxiety disorders. The objectives of the present pilot study were to test the feasibility of the CBT program “Less stress” for comorbid anxiety disorders in children with ASD and explore whether an improvement in diagnostic outcomes for anxiety disorders and symptoms of anxiety was found after treatment.

Methods:

Participants were ten children diagnosed with ASD and anxiety disorders (eight boys, mean age = 9.5 years, range 8 - 12 years). The “Less Stress” program includes three months of weekly treatment sessions followed by three monthly booster sessions. Five therapists participated. A standardized semi-structured diagnostic interview with the mothers was used to assess comorbid disorders. Child anxiety symptoms were measured with the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS).

Results:

The therapists found the manual easy to use but adaptations were necessary, particularly shorter sessions due to frequent (n = 7) comorbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. The participants found the program useful and the parents noted that they had learned methods they could continue using after the end of the program.

Eight of ten children completed the treatment. Seven of the eight completers benefited from the program. Five of those seven children were free from all anxiety disorders, while two had fewer anxiety disorders. On a group level, a significant mean reduction of anxiety symptoms (RCADS) was found after treatment.

Conclusion:

The therapists found the “Less stress” program to be a feasible intervention in a sample of children with ASD and comorbid anxiety. The significant reduction of anxiety after treatment is promising, but a replication in a larger and more rigorous study is needed to investigate the effectiveness of the intervention.
"Estudios multirreferenciales sobre educación y currículo: Lecturas desde la complejidad Preguntar por este producto"
Authors: Betancourt Cadavid Jorge Hernán , Ramírez Orozco Juan Guillermo , Álvarez Tobón Yisneth Nathaniela , Barreto Cruz Miguel Alejandro , Arroyave Giraldo Dora Inés , Villarreal Fernández Jorge
Published: March 2021

La multirreferencialidad representa, sin duda, una de las más importantes estrategias para reconstruir y transformas las teorías y prácticas, tanto educativas como curriculares, en miras a la transformación del aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Los textos compilados en esta obra pretenden servir como guía didáctica para la reflexión crítica y propositiva del quehacer docente y suministrar una bibliografía especializada en torno a tres aspectos: epistemologías emergentes, pedagogías latinoamericanas y educación siglo XXI. Este libro está dirigido a quienes forman y se forman como docentes, a quienes ejercen la profesión o la gestión de instituciones educativas y a quienes investigan sobre estos temas. Los autores de esta compilación pertenecen al doctorado en Ciencias de la Educación de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de San Buenaventura, Medellín.
Specific Mass Growth Rate of Sugar Crystals: Probabilistic Modeling
Authors: Arapov Denis , Kuritsyn Vladimir , Petrov Sergey , Podgornova Nadezda , Zaitseva Mariya
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The present research featured industrial sugar crystallization. The article introduces a generalized mathematical model of specific growth rate of sugar crystals depending on temperature, solids, and the purity of solution, as well as on the concentration and average size of crystals. The model includes the probabilistic component of growth rate of monocrystals and the reduced adjustment of the constrained crystal growth depending on the abovementioned as-pects. Study objects and methods. The research focused on mass crystallization of sucrose, including the growth rate of monocrystals and the number of crystals in the fill mass. The obtained experimental data were processed using nonlinear programming. Results and discussion. 421 experiments made it possible to develop a probabilistic mathematical model of specific mass growth rate of sugar monocrystals and its dependence on the solution temperature, purity, and solids content. Model error: ± 11.3%. The model covers the temperature range, concentration of solids, and purity of the solution. The proximity of crystals was calculated according to the dependence of the growth rate on their concentration and the average size (error: ± 1.3%). The adjustment range: concentration of crystals = 5–60%, average size = 0.25–1.50 mm. Conclusion. The present generalized mathematical model of crystallization considered the temperature, as well as the purity and solids content in the fill mass, the concentration of sucrose crystals and their average size. The research compared the effect of linear size and concentration of sugar monocrystals on the calculated and experimental sizes of specific mass growth rate and the dimensionless adjustment of growth rate. The calculated sizes proved to be close to the ex-perimental data, which showed adequacy to the developed crystallization model. The research results can be used to optimize the process of mass sugar crystallization.