bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single versus continuous sustained inflations during chest compressions and physiological-based cord clamping in asystolic lambs
Authors: Schmölzer Georg M , Roberts Calum T , Blank Douglas A , Badurdeen Shiraz , Miller Suzanne L , Crossley Kelly J , Stojanovska Vanesa , Galinsky Robert , Kluckow Martin , Gill Andrew W , Hooper Stuart B , Polglase Graeme R
Published: November 2021

Background

The feasibility and benefits of continuous sustained inflations (SIs) during chest compressions (CCs) during delayed cord clamping (physiological-based cord clamping; PBCC) are not known. We aimed to determine whether continuous SIs during CCs would reduce the time to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and improve post-asphyxial blood pressures and flows in asystolic newborn lambs.

Methods

Fetal sheep were surgically instrumented immediately prior to delivery at ~139 days’ gestation and asphyxia induced until lambs reached asystole. Lambs were randomised to either immediate cord clamping (ICC) or PBCC. Lambs then received a single SI (SIsing; 30 s at 30 cmH2O) followed by intermittent positive pressure ventilation, or continuous SIs (SIcont: 30 s duration with 1 s break). We thus examined 4 groups: ICC +SIsing, ICC +SIcont, PBCC +SIsing, and PBCC +SIcont. Chest compressions and epinephrine administration followed international guidelines. PBCC lambs underwent cord clamping 10 min after ROSC. Physiological and oxygenation variables were measured throughout.

Results

The time taken to achieve ROSC was not different between groups (mean (SD) 4.3±2.9 min). Mean and diastolic blood pressure was higher during chest compressions in PBCC lambs compared with ICC lambs, but no effect of SIs was observed. SIcontsignificantly reduced pulmonary blood flow, diastolic blood pressure and oxygenation after ROSC compared with SIsing.

Conclusion

We found no significant benefit of SIcontover SIsingduring CPR on the time to ROSC or on post-ROSC haemodynamics, but did demonstrate the feasibility of continuous SIs during advanced CPR on an intact umbilical cord. Longer-term studies are recommended before this technique is used routinely in clinical practice.
Diabetes technologies for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes are highly dependent on coverage and reimbursement: results from a worldwide survey
Authors: Dos Santos Tiago Jeronimo , Dave Chetankumar , MacLeish Sarah , Wood Jamie R
Published: November 2021

Introduction

To study healthcare professionals’ (HCP) perceptions on decision making to start insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems in pediatric type 1 diabetes.

Research design and methods

An electronic survey supported by the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) was disseminated through a weblink structured as follows: (1) HCP’s sociodemographic and work profile; (2) perceptions about indications and contraindications for insulin pumps and (3) for CGM systems; and (4) decision making on six case scenarios.

Results

247 responses from 49 countries were analyzed. Seventy per cent of respondents were members of ISPAD. Most of participants were women over 40 years old, who practice as pediatric endocrinologists for more than 10 years at university/academic centers and follow more than 500 people with type 1 diabetes. Although insulin pumps and CGMs are widely available and highly recommended among respondents, their uptake is influenced by access to healthcare coverage/insurance. Personal preference and cost of therapy were identified as the main reasons for turning down diabetes technologies. Parental educational level, language comprehension and income were the most relevant socioeconomic factors that would influence HCPs to recommend diabetes technologies, while gender, religious affiliation and race/ethnicity or citizenship were the least relevant.

Conclusions

Responders seem to be markedly supportive of starting people on diabetes technologies. However, coverage/insurance for devices holds the biggest impact on the extent of their recommendations.
Systems engineering analysis of diagnostic referral closed-loop processes
Authors: Nehls Nicole , Yap Tze Sheng , Salant Talya , Aronson Mark , Schiff Gordon , Olbricht Suzanne , Reddy Swapna , Sternberg Scot B , Anderson Timothy S , Phillips Russell S , Benneyan James C
Published: November 2021

Background

Closing loops to complete diagnostic referrals remains a significant patient safety problem in most health systems, with 65%–73% failure rates and significant delays common despite years of improvement efforts, suggesting new approaches may be useful. Systems engineering (SE) methods increasingly are advocated in healthcare for their value in studying and redesigning complex processes.

Objective

Conduct a formative SE analysis of process logic, variation, reliability and failures for completing diagnostic referrals originating in two primary care practices serving different demographics, using dermatology as an illustrating use case.

Methods

An interdisciplinary team of clinicians, systems engineers, quality improvement specialists, and patient representatives collaborated to understand processes of initiating and completing diagnostic referrals. Cross-functional process maps were developed through iterative group interviews with an urban community-based health centre and a teaching practice within a large academic medical centre. Results were used to conduct an engineering process analysis, assess variation within and between practices, and identify common failure modes and potential solutions.

Results

Processes to complete diagnostic referrals involve many sub-standard design constructs, with significant workflow variation between and within practices, statistical instability and special cause variation in completion rates and timeliness, and only 21% of all process activities estimated as value-add. Failure modes were similar between the two practices, with most process activities relying on low-reliability concepts (eg, reminders, workarounds, education and verification/inspection). Several opportunities were identified to incorporate higher reliability process constructs (eg, simplification, consolidation, standardisation, forcing functions, automation and opt-outs).

Conclusion

From a systems science perspective, diagnostic referral processes perform poorly in part because their fundamental designs are fraught with low-reliability characteristics and mental models, including formalised workaround and rework activities, suggesting a need for different approaches versus incremental improvement of existing processes. SE perspectives and methods offer new ways of thinking about patient safety problems, failures and potential solutions.
Impact of global data assimilation system atmospheric models on astroparticle showers
Authors: Grisales-Casadiegos J. , Sarmiento-Cano C. , Núñez L.A.
Published: November 2021

We present a methodology to simulate the impact of the atmospheric models in the background particle flux on ground detectors using the Global Data Assimilation System. The methodology was within the ARTI simulation framework developed by the Latin American Giant Observatory Collaboration. The ground-level secondary flux simulations were performed in a tropical climate in the city of Bucaramanga, Colombia. To validate our methodology, we built monthly profiles over Malargüe between 2006 and 2011, comparing the maximum atmospheric depth, Xmax, with those calculated with the Auger atmospheric option in CORSIKA. The results show significant differences between the predefined CORSIKA atmospheres and their corresponding Global Data Assimilation System atmospheric profiles.
Bayesian analysis of multimessenger M-R data with interpolated hybrid EoS
Authors: Ayriyan A. , Blaschke D. , Grunfeld A. G. , Alvarez-Castillo D. , Grigorian H. , Abgaryan V.
Published: November 2021

We introduce a family of equations of state (EoS) for hybrid neutron star (NS) matter that is obtained by a two-zone parabolic interpolation between a soft hadronic EoS at low densities and a set of stiff quark matter EoS at high densities within a finite region of chemical potentials $$\mu _H< \mu < \mu _Q$$

μ
H

<
μ
<

μ
Q

. Fixing the hadronic EoS as the APR one and choosing the color-superconducting, nonlocal NJL model with two free parameters for the quark phase, we perform Bayesian analyses with this two-parameter family of hybrid EoS. Using three different sets of observational constraints that include the mass of PSR J0740+6620, the tidal deformability for GW170817, and the mass-radius relation for PSR J0030+0451 from NICER as obligatory (set 1), while set 2 uses the possible upper limit on the maximum mass from GW170817 as an additional constraint and set 3 instead of the possibility that the lighter object in the asymmetric binary merger GW190814 is a neutron star. We confirm that in any case, the quark matter phase has to be color superconducting with the dimensionless diquark coupling approximately fulfilling the Fierz relation $$\eta _D=0.75$$

η
D

=
0.75

and the most probable solutions exhibiting a proportionality between $$\eta _D$$

η
D

and $$\eta _V$$

η
V

, the coupling of the repulsive vector interaction that is required for a sufficiently large maximum mass. We used the Bayesian analysis to investigate with the method of fictitious measurements the consequences of anticipating different radii for the massive $$2~M_\odot $$

2

M
⊙

PSR J0740+6220 for the most likely equation of state. With the actual outcome of the NICER radius measurement on PSR J0740+6220 we could conclude that for the most likely hybrid star EoS would not support a maximum mass as large as $$2.5~M_\odot $$

2.5

M
⊙

so that the event GW190814 was a binary black hole merger.
SURFACE STRENGTHENING AND FRICTION WEAR OF THE INNER WALL OF LIQUID SODIUM HYDROSTATIC BEARING
Authors: YANG HUI , YANG XUEFENG , CAO JINLONG , HOU QIMIN , CHENG JIAN , WANG SHOUREN , GAO YALONG
Published: November 2021

Sodium hydrodynamic bearings are parts which are easy to wear in order to improve the wear resistance of the inner wall and prolong the service life. In this paper, high-temperature element W was used as a variable to prepare cobalt-based alloy coatings with different contents of W. By testing the hardness and anti-wear performance of the coatings at high temperature, the microstructure and wear mechanism of the coatings were further analyzed in combination with crystal phase diagram and microscopic morphology diagram. The results show that the coefficient of friction of cobalt-based alloy coating decreases with the increase of W content under high-temperature dry rubbing, while the wear quantity increases with the increase of W content. Under high-temperature oil lubrication, the coefficient of friction of cobalt-based alloy coating is the lowest when the W content is 12%. The wear amount of cobalt-based alloy coating decreases with the increase of W content, and the wear mechanism changes from adhesion wear to abrasive wear with the increase of W content.
SYNTHESIS, LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF SrMoO4:Eu3+ PHOSPHORS FUNCTIONALIZED WITH POLY(ACRYLIC ACID)
Authors: CUI JINGRU , LI YAOYAO , LI YUQIAN , LIU DEJIA , MA HAIYUN , HAN YUANYUAN , WANG LIYONG
Published: November 2021

In this paper, micrometer SrMoO4:Eu[Formula: see text] phosphors with different morphologies were prepared by poly(acrylic acid)-assisted hydrothermal method, and the structure, energy band and luminescence properties of SrMoO4:Eu[Formula: see text] were studied in detail. Furthermore, the relationship between the phosphors’ structure and luminescence properties was discussed. The modified SrMoO4:Eu[Formula: see text] have great potential as functional materials in fluorescent fingerprint and LED device applications. The results indicated that the poly(acrylic acid) and the hydrothermal condition are the key factors for the achievement of better luminescent performances.
The debate concerning the origin of the Whin Sill of NE England during the early and mid-nineteenth century
Authors: Holliday D. W.
Published: November 2021

The term sill nowadays employed for a broadly concordant igneous intrusion is widely believed to have been derived from the local term for persistent hard beds in the Carboniferous sequence of NE England, in particular the Whin Sill. Despite the intrusive origin of the Whin having been demonstrated in Teesdale by Adam Sedgwick in 1827, for much of the nineteenth century the alternative extrusive hypothesis, of which John Phillips (1836) was the principal proponent, was widely favoured. There were three principal reasons why the intrusive origin was not more widely held, unquestioning acceptance of the erroneous belief of local miners that the Whin Sill was always at the same stratigraphical horizon, a perception that the Teesdale outcrops were not necessarily typical of the rest of the region and a reluctance to accept that the intrusion of such large volumes of magma over such a great area was physically possible. In the 1870s, first the work of Tate and then the detailed six-inch to one-mile mapping of the Geological Survey finally dispelled any notion that the sill was at a consistent stratigraphical level. Curiously, though the correct determination of the intrusive origin of the Whin Sill was one of Sedgwick's earliest and greatest achievements in Northern England, it was not deemed of sufficient importance to merit mention by his biographers.
SANTM: Efficient Self-attention-driven Network for Text Matching
Authors: Tiwari Prayag , Jaiswal Amit Kumar , Garg Sahil , You Ilsun
Published: November 2021

Self-attention mechanisms have recently been embraced for a broad range of text-matching applications. Self-attention model takes only one sentence as an input with no extra information, i.e., one can utilize the final hidden state or pooling. However, text-matching problems can be interpreted either in symmetrical or asymmetrical scopes. For instance, paraphrase detection is an asymmetrical task, while textual entailment classification and question-answer matching are considered asymmetrical tasks. In this article, we leverage attractive properties of self-attention mechanism and proposes an attention-based network that incorporates three key components for inter-sequence attention: global pointwise features, preceding attentive features, and contextual features while updating the rest of the components. Our model follows evaluation on two benchmark datasets cover tasks of textual entailment and question-answer matching. The proposed efficient Self-attention-driven Network for Text Matching outperforms the state of the art on the Stanford Natural Language Inference and WikiQA datasets with much fewer parameters.
POLLA: Enhancing the Local Structure Awareness in Long Sequence Spatial-temporal Modeling
Authors: Zhou Haoyi , Peng Hao , Peng Jieqi , Zhang Shuai , Li Jianxin
Published: November 2021

The spatial-temporal modeling on long sequences is of great importance in many real-world applications. Recent studies have shown the potential of applying the self-attention mechanism to improve capturing the complex spatial-temporal dependencies. However, the lack of underlying structure information weakens its general performance on long sequence spatial-temporal problem. To overcome this limitation, we proposed a novel method, named the Proximity-aware Long Sequence Learning framework, and apply it to the spatial-temporal forecasting task. The model substitutes the canonical self-attention by leveraging the proximity-aware attention, which enhances local structure clues in building long-range dependencies with a linear approximation of attention scores. The relief adjacency matrix technique can utilize the historical global graph information for consistent proximity learning. Meanwhile, the reduced decoder allows for fast inference in a non-autoregressive manner. Extensive experiments are conducted on five large-scale datasets, which demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance and validates the effectiveness brought by local structure information.
Causal Discovery with Confounding Cascade Nonlinear Additive Noise Models
Authors: Qiao Jie , Cai Ruichu , Zhang Kun , Zhang Zhenjie , Hao Zhifeng
Published: November 2021

Identification of causal direction between a causal-effect pair from observed data has recently attracted much attention. Various methods based on functional causal models have been proposed to solve this problem, by assuming the causal process satisfies some (structural) constraints and showing that the reverse direction violates such constraints. The nonlinear additive noise model has been demonstrated to be effective for this purpose, but the model class does not allow any confounding or intermediate variables between a cause pair–even if each direct causal relation follows this model. However, omitting the latent causal variables is frequently encountered in practice. After the omission, the model does not necessarily follow the model constraints. As a consequence, the nonlinear additive noise model may fail to correctly discover causal direction. In this work, we propose a confounding cascade nonlinear additive noise model to represent such causal influences–each direct causal relation follows the nonlinear additive noise model but we observe only the initial cause and final effect. We further propose a method to estimate the model, including the unmeasured confounding and intermediate variables, from data under the variational auto-encoder framework. Our theoretical results show that with our model, the causal direction is identifiable under suitable technical conditions on the data generation process. Simulation results illustrate the power of the proposed method in identifying indirect causal relations across various settings, and experimental results on real data suggest that the proposed model and method greatly extend the applicability of causal discovery based on functional causal models in nonlinear cases.
Internal Models in Control, Bioengineering, and Neuroscience
Authors: Bin Michelangelo , Huang Jie , Isidori Alberto , Marconi Lorenzo , Mischiati Matteo , Sontag Eduardo
Published: November 2021

Internal models are nowadays customarily used in different domains of science and engineering to describe how living organisms or artificial computational units embed their acquired knowledge about recurring events taking place in the surrounding environment. This article reviews the internal model principle in control theory, bioengineering, and neuroscience, illustrating the fundamental concepts and theoretical developments of the few last decades of research.
Decomposition of Li2O2 as the Cathode Prelithiation Additive for Lithium-Ion Batteries without an Additional Catalyst and the Initial Performance Investigation
Authors: Zhang Linghong , Jeong Sookyung , Reinsma Nathan , Sun Kerui , Maxwell Derrick S. , Gionet Paul , Yu Taehwan
Published: November 2021

Compared to the graphite anode, Si and SiOx-containing anodes usually have a larger initial capacity loss (ICL) due to more parasitic reactions. The higher ICL of the anode can cause significant Li inventory loss in a full cell, leading to a compromised energy density. As one way to mitigate such Li inventory loss, Li2O2 can be used as the cathode prelithiation additive to provide additional lithium. However, an additional catalyst is usually needed to lower its decomposition potential. In this work, we investigate the use of Li2O2 as the cathode prelithiation additive without the addition of a catalyst. Li2O2 decomposition is first demonstrated in coin half-cells with a calculated capacity of 1180 mAh g−1 obtained from Li2O2 decomposition. We then further demonstrate successful Li2O2 decomposition in single-layer pouch (SLP) full cells and evaluate the initial electrochemical performance. Despite its moisture sensitivity, Li2O2 showed reasonable compatibility with dry-room handling. After dry-room handling, Li2O2 decomposition was observed with an onset potential of 4.29 V vs SiOx anode in SLP cells. With Li2O2 addition, the utilization of the Li inventory from cathode active material was improved by 12.9%, and discharge DCR was reduced by 7% while the cells still delivered similar cell capacities. Cycle performance is not evaluated in this paper due to the high cutoff voltage used, but the factors affecting the cycle performance are discussed. Strategies to further improve the practical use of Li2O2 are also discussed.
A Theoretical Model for Computing Freezing Point Depression of Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes
Authors: Self Julian , Bergstrom Helen K. , Fong Kara D. , McCloskey Bryan D. , Persson Kristin A.
Published: November 2021

Reliable prediction of freezing point depression in liquid electrolytes will accelerate the development of improved Li-ion batteries which can operate in low temperature environments. In this work we establish a computational methodology to calculate activity coefficients and liquidus lines for battery-relevant liquid electrolytes. Electronic structure methods are used in conjuction with classical molecular dynamics simulations and theoretical expressions for Born solvation energy, ion-atmosphere effects from Debye-Hückel theory and solvent entropic effects. The framework uses no a priori knowledge beyond neat solvent properties and the concentration of salt. LiPF6 in propylene carbonate (PC), LiPF6 in dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and LiClO4 in DMC are investigated up to 1 molal with accuracy better than 3 °C when compared to experimental freezing point measurements. We find that the difference in freezing point depression between the propylene carbonate-based electrolyte and the dimethyl carbonate electrolytes originates from the difference in the solvent dielectric constant.
A Modeling Framework of Electrochemo-Mechanics of Lithium-Ion Battery: Part I. Impedance Response of Single Particle
Authors: Fang Ruqing , Li Zhe
Published: November 2021

An impedance model considering the electrochemo-mechanics of a single particle in lithium-ion batteries is proposed in the work. In this model, the interaction between the Li+ diffusion and the surface reaction and mechanics is considered. The characteristic semicircle in low frequency range, which is due to the stress effect, is found. The visualizability of the stress-induced semicircle in the experiments is found to be related to the characteristic frequency of the Li+ diffusion. Through simplifying the model expression under three different limiting cases, two dimensionless number

α
=
−

θ
RT

F

/

∂
U

∂

c

s

and

β
=
1
+
θ

c
¯

s

are defined to evaluate the stress effect. The proposed mechanic-modified model is verified through the results of thin-film electrode considering the difficulty in performing single particle experiments for nano-sized particle and similarity of the single particle and thin film electrode. This work can be supplemented with the theory of porous electrode to analyze the impedance response of a porous electrode, which will be discussed in the next part of this series of papers.
Microwave-Induced Polyindole on Cobalt MOF-Electrodes for High-Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Athira A R , Raj B. N. Bessy , Xavier T. S.
Published: November 2021

Metal-organic frameworks (MOF) are well-known for their high surface area and porous nature. However, their use in energy storage applications remains limited by their poor electrical conductivity. Here, microwave-induced polyindole modified cobalt MOF composite (CoMP) was constructed to address the poor conductivity of cobalt MOF and improve their applicability in energy storage. The electrochemical performance of the CoMP was investigated in 3 M KOH electrolyte. Deliberate mixing of PIn with Cobalt MOF resulted in effective diffusion of PIn nanospheres into the MOF matrix. With the reticulate porous morphology and large surface area, the CoMP electrode could facilitate easy ion transport at the electrode-electrolyte interface and achieve a maximum specific capacitance as high as 432.6 mF cm−2 at 10 mV s−1 surpassing polyindole (284.5 mF cm−2) and cobalt MOF (235.5 mF cm−2). Also, the CoMP symmetric supercapacitor delivered high specific energy (8.2 W h cm−2) and specific power (622 W cm−2) at 2 mA cm−2 with 93% capacitance retention after 5000 GCD cycles.
Communication—Tunable Negative Permittivity of Cobalt and Epoxy Composites at 3 kHz ∼ 1 MHz Frequency Regions
Authors: Chen Min , Sun Kai , Wang Xuai , Wang Yanmin
Published: November 2021

Negative permittivity in percolation composites has drawn much attention owing to their potential application. This study set out to explore whether tunable negative permittivity can be realized in metal composites at 3 kHz ∼ 1 MHz frequency regions. When the content of cobalt is 80 wt%, the permittivity turns to negative in the test band. These findings show that the Co conductive network has formed and provides large numbers of free electrons. Meanwhile, the percolation composites with negative permittivity show inductive characteristic. This research supports the idea that tunable low-frequency negative permittivity can be realized in metal composites.
ALKBH5 Is Lowly Expressed in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Inhibits the Malignant Proliferation and Invasion of Tumor Cells
Authors: Li Jinqiu , Liu Hongqiang , Dong Shanglin , Zhang Yunbo , Li Xiao , Wang Jing
Published: November 2021

Background. Modification of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and RNA m6A regulatory factors is required in cancer advancement. The contribution of m6A and its alteration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is still unclear. Results. ALKBH5 was lowly expressed in ESCC tissues, which the total m6A level was increased in ESCC tissue than the presentation in normal healthy tissue. The pcDNA3.1-ALKBH5 recombinant plasmid was transfected into KYSE-150 and Eca-109 cells. The overexpression of ALKBH5 is responsible for a significant reduction of the total m6A levels in Eca-109 and KYSE150 cells, inhibiting the proliferation capability, migration, and cell invasion. Conclusions. ALKBH5 as a demethylase was lowly expressed in cancer progression of ESCC and acts as a crucial component in ESCC progression.
[Retracted] The Evolution Model of Public Risk Perception Based on Pandemic Spreading Theory under Perspective of COVID‐19
Authors: Zhang Yi-Cheng , Li Zhi , Zhou Guo-Bing , Xu Nai-Ru , Liu Jia-Bao
Published: November 2021

After the occurrence of public health emergencies, due to the uncertainty of the evolution of events and the asymmetry of pandemic information, the public’s risk perception will fluctuate dramatically. Excessive risk perception often causes the public to overreact to emergencies, resulting in irrational behaviors, which have a negative impact on economic development and social order. However, low‐risk perception will reduce individual awareness of prevention and control, which is not conducive to the implementation of government pandemic prevention and control measures. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately evaluate public risk perception for improving government risk management. This paper took the evolution of public risk perception based on the COVID‐19 region as the research object. First, we analyze the characteristics of infectious diseases in the evolution of public risk perception of public health emergencies. Second, we analyze the characteristics of risk perception transmission in social networks. Third, we establish the dynamic model of public risk perception evolution based on SEIR, and the evolution mechanism of the public risk perception network is revealed through simulation experiments. Finally, we provide policy suggestions for government departments to deal with public health emergencies based on the conclusions of this study.
Effect of Hierarchical Nursing Management in Patients with Hypertension Complicated with Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Dai Lu
Published: November 2021

Hierarchical management is an essential component of nurse post management and an unavoidable tendency in nursing education. According to their existing condition, various hospitals around the country have actively tested the hierarchical usage and management model of clinical nurses, with some success. The application impact of hierarchical nursing care in patients with hypertension complicated by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors is the focus of this research. In a hospital, 300 patients with hypertension complicated by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors were chosen. All patients were split into two groups using the coin-throwing random method: the observation group received hierarchical nurse management and the control group received regular nursing management, with 150 cases in each group. The two groups’ blood pressure, blood lipids, blood glucose, poor habits, rehospitalization rate, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular problems were also examined. At the same time, the patients’ poor mood and quality of life were assessed before and after the intervention. In the control group followed up for 1 year, the blood pressure compliance rate was 44.88%, the blood lipid compliance rate was 28.65%, the blood glucose compliance rate was 45.00%, the smokers with bad lifestyle habits were 26.57%, the overweight and obese were 23.5%, the high sodium was 31.67%, the rehospitalization rate was 15.48%, and the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications was 43.00%. The observation group’s blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood sugar compliance rates rose substantially (

P
=
0.05

) as compared to the control group. The occurrence of poor luck living habits, the rate of rehospitalization, and the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications were significantly reduced (

P
<
0.05

). Before nursing intervention, there was no significant difference in the bad mood scores SAS, SDS, and quality of life between the two groups of patients (

P
>
0.05

); after nursing intervention, compared with the control group, the observation group’s bad mood scores were significantly reduced, physical factors, psychological factors, and total scores all increased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Based on Machine Learning Algorithms for the Diagnosis in Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine along with Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy Nursing on First Episode Schizophrenia
Authors: Zhao Qingyan , Yuan Shuai
Published: November 2021

This study was aimed to explore the efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) and continuous nursing on first episode schizophrenia (FES), as well as the continuous monitoring effect of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the FES patients under machine learning algorithms. In this study, 48 schizophrenia patients who received the combined treatment of MECT and dexmedetomidine were selected, and they were divided into the routine group (RG) and observation group (OG), with routine nursing and continuous nursing, respectively. Besides, another 30 healthy people were included as the control group (Ctrl group). Based on MRI characteristics, the machine learning algorithm designed for FES patients was used to analyze the changes in the amplitude low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) of the static state brain MRI; the positive and negative score scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate the mental symptoms of patients. The Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) score, treatment compliance rate, follow-up rate, and recurrence rate of patients were also compared. The results showed that the image quality of the weakened and enhanced areas of brain MRI was significantly improved under the machine learning algorithm. After treatment, the total score of PANSS and the scores of all dimensions were greatly reduced (

P
<
0.05

). For the FES patients, the ALFF value of the frontal right lower lobe before treatment was higher than that of the Ctrl group (

P
<
0.05

), while the ALFF value of the right insula and right superior frontal gyrus after treatment was lower than that of the Ctrl group (

P
<
0.01

), and the ALFF value of the left inferior frontal gyrus opercular part was lower than that of the Ctrl group (

P
<
−
0.05

). The SQLS score, treatment compliance rate, follow-up rate, and recurrence rate of OG after nursing intervention were all much higher than those of the Ctrl group (

P
<
−
0.05

). In summary, MRI based on machine learning algorithms could be applied to monitor the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with MECT, and continuous nursing made an effective improvement in SQLS score of FES patients, though which the risk of recurrence was reduced.
[Retracted] A Novel Hybrid Algorithm for Multiobjective Location‐Allocation Problem in Emergency Logistics
Authors: Chu Hongrui , Chen Yahong
Published: November 2021

Increased frequency of disasters keeps reminding us of the importance of effective resource distribution in postdisaster. To reduce the suffering of victims, this paper focuses on how to establish an effective emergency logistics system. We first propose a multiobjective optimization model in which the location and allocation decisions are made for a three‐level logistics network. Three objectives, deprivation costs, unsatisfied demand costs, and logistics cost, are adopted in the proposed optimization model. Several cardinality and flow balance constraints are considered simultaneously. Then, we design a novel effective IFA‐GA algorithm by combining the firefly algorithm and genetic algorithm to solve this complex model effectively. Furthermore, three schemes are proposed to improve the effectiveness of the IFA‐GA algorithm. Finally, the numerical results provide several insights on the theory and practice of relief distribution, which also illustrate the validity of the proposed solution algorithm.
Electroacupuncture Regulates TRPV1 through PAR2/PKC Pathway to Alleviate Visceral Hypersensitivity in FD Rats
Authors: Han Yong-li , Peng Xing-ming , Zhang Hong-xing , Chen Song , Zhang Liang-yu
Published: November 2021

Visceral hypersensitivity (VH) is the predominant pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia (FD). Duodenal hypersensitivity along with nausea further reduces the comfort level in gastric balloon dilatation and inhibits gastric receptive relaxation. The potential mechanism behind electroacupuncture- (EA-) mediated alleviation of VH has not been elucidated. In an FD rat model with tail clamping stress, iodine acetamide (IA) induced VH. The rats were treated with EA with or without PAR2 antagonist FSLLRY-NH2, and the body weight, gastric sensitivity, compliance, and gastrointestinal motility were determined. Mast cells and activated degranulation were stained with toluidine blue (TB) staining and visualized under a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of PAR2, PKC, and TRPV1 in the duodenum and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and that of CGRP, SP in DRG, and c-fos in the spinal cord. EA alone and EA + antagonist enhanced the gastrointestinal motility but diminished the expression of TRPV1, CGRP, SP, and c-fos-downstream of PAR2/PKC pathway and alleviated VH in FD rats. However, there was no obvious superposition effect between the antagonists and EA + antagonists. The effect of EA alone was better than that of antagonists and EA + antagonists 2 alone. EA-induced amelioration of VH in FD rats was mediated by TRPV1 regulation through PAR2/PKC pathway. This protective mechanism involved several pathways and included several targets.
Adaptive Polymorphic Fusion-Based Fast-Tracking Algorithm in Substations
Authors: Shi Wenbin , Lei Jingsheng , Gan Xingli , Yang Zhongguang
Published: November 2021

Tracking multiple objects in a substation remains a challenging problem since pedestrians often overlap together and are occluded by infrastructures such as high-tension poles. In this paper, we propose an adaptive polymorphic fusion-based fast-tracking algorithm to address the problem. We first leverage the fast segmentation algorithm to obtain the fine masks of pedestrians and then combine the motion and performance information of pedestrians to realize the fast-tracking in substations. Our model is evaluated on the widely used MOT19 dataset and real-substation scenarios. Experimental results demonstrate that our model outperforms state-of-the-art models with a significant improvement in the MOT19 dataset and occlusion cases in substations.
[Retracted] Antileukemic Effects of Anti‐miR‐146a, Anti‐miR‐155, Anti‐miR‐181a, and Prednisolone on Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Durmaz Burak , Bagca Bakiye Goker , Cogulu Ozgur , Susluer Sunde Yilmaz , Alpay Araz , Aksoylar Serap , Gunduz Cumhur
Published: November 2021

Prednisolone has been used frequently in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, to overcome the challenges of the treatment, the development of additional therapies is of great importance. Small, non‐protein‐coding RNAs, namely, microRNAs (miRNAs), are critical epigenetic regulators with physiological and pathological importance. This study is aimed at determining the effects of miR‐146a, miR‐155, and miR‐181a inhibition with their corresponding anti‐miRs on both leukemic and healthy cells, individually and with prednisolone. Leukemic (SUP‐B15) and healthy B‐lymphocyte (NCI‐BL 2171) cell lines were used in this study. A total of 12 experimental groups included individual and combinational silenced ALL‐associated miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐155, hsa‐miR‐146a, and hsa‐miR‐181a) and their combination with prednisolone. Cytotoxicity, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis analyses were performed by using WST‐1, trypan blue, APC‐BrdU, Annexin V, and JC‐1 methods in each study group, respectively. To control the effectiveness of anti‐miR transfection and prednisolone application, miRNA expression analysis was performed from all groups. Anti‐miR application was effective on the viability, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of leukemia cells, and this effect was increased with prednisolone administration. In addition, this activity was found to be very low on healthy cells. In conclusion, anti‐miR applications may have the potential for clinical use of adjuvant to or as an alternative to conventional therapies for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
A Novel Data-Driven Model for Dynamic Prediction and Optimization of Profile Control in Multilayer Reservoirs
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhao Hui , Zhong Xun , Sheng Guanglong , Fu Meilong , Ma Kuiqian
Published: November 2021

Establishing reservoir numerical simulation and profile control optimization methods considering the mechanism of profile control has always been a difficult research problem at home and abroad. In this paper, firstly, a physics-based data-driven model was established on daily production data of injection and production wells following the principle of material balance. Key parameters including transmissibility, control pore volume, water injection allocation factors, and injection efficiency are derived directly from history matched model, and the dominated flow channels could be quantitatively identified. Then, combined with the evaluation results of the plugging ability of the plugging agent, imaginary well nodes are added to the existing interwell relationship to characterize the heterogeneity of interwell-specific parameters. This process performs flow processing along the interwell control units, forming a new and rapid method for simulation and prediction. Lastly, based on the calculated interwell transmissibility, water injection efficiency, and allocation factors, injection wells with low water injection efficiency can be preferentially selected as profile control wells. In addition, taking the production rates, injection rates, and the amount of plugging agent as optimization variables, we established an optimal control mathematical model and realized the parameter optimization method of the profile control. We demonstrated the results of one conceptual model and two indoor experiments to verify the feasibility of the proposed method and completed two actual field applications. Model validation and actual field application show that the proposed method successfully eliminates the complicated geological modeling procedure and the tedious calculation process associated with the profile control treatment in traditional numerical simulation methods. The calculation speed improves tens or hundreds of times, and water channeling paths are accurately identified. Most importantly, this method realizes the overall decision-making of profile control well selection, dynamic production prediction, and parameter optimization of profile control measures quickly and accurately by mainly using the daily production data of wells. The findings of this study can help for better understanding of the optimization design and application of on-site profile control schemes in large-scale oilfields.
Design of an S-Band Phased Array with Modified Dipoles
Authors: Xiang Meng , Xiao Yu , Xi Bin , Zhang Yue , Xu Shiyou
Published: November 2021

A wideband, low cross-polarization, high-gain, and wide-angle scanning antenna array is presented in this paper. The antenna array contains 8 subarrays in the horizontal dimension, and each subarray contains 4 unit cells. A two-side printed dipole with an amendatory equivalent circuit model is adopted, and the metal vias are introduced in the element design to ameliorate the cross-polarization level. A radome, acting as the wide-angle impedance matching layer, is introduced to achieve wide-angle scanning. A prototype of a 4 × 8 array is fabricated and measured. The results show that the operating bandwidth of aperture efficiency (BWAE) above 60% is about 26.7% from 2.6 GHz to 3.4 GHz. The measured scanning loss in the H-plane is 2.7 dB when scanning up to 60° with active voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <3, and the gain can achieve 21 dB at 3 GHz with a cross-polarization level below −30 dB at all angles.
The Influence of Loading Rate on Direct and Indirect Tensile Strengths: Laboratory and Numerical Methods
Authors: Liu Jie , Jiang Gangyuan , Liu Taoying , Liang Qiao
Published: November 2021

To investigate different responses of direct and indirect tensile strengths to loading rate, direct and indirect tension tests were performed on sandstone, rust stone, and granite specimens. Typical load curves indicate that a peak tensile stress frequently appears before the second peak stress, used to calculate the tensile strength in indirect tension tests. As expected, increase in the loading rate increases the tensile strength. In addition, the calculated tensile strengths of the indirect tension tests are frequently higher. Interestingly, the increase ratio of the tensile strength with the increase in the loading rate in indirect tension tests is higher. To verify the above results, crack propagation and stress evolution in direct and indirect tension tests were dynamically monitored using PFC 3D. For direct tension tests, specimens fail at the peak tension point, corresponding to the tensile strength. However, for indirect tension tests, minor cracks, composing of continuous microcracks, form before the peak stress and accompany with the decreased slope of the compression curve. At the peak point, tensile stresses significantly concentrate at the crack tips and further cause large‐scale crack propagation. In addition, the initiation stress instead of the peak tensile stress is closer to the tensile strength, obtained from the direct tests for the same loading rate.
The Method of Pose Judgment of Potential Motion Damage in 3D Image Analysis
Authors: Gao Liping
Published: November 2021

Objective. This work aimed to study the posture judgment method of 3D image analysis of potential motion damage. Methods. The motion damage collection was implemented by the 3D image analysis method, and 3D image data were adopted to identify the motion damage data. Moreover, 3D image acquisition technology was adopted to analyze the model of potential motion damage and analyze the simulation judgment result of potential motion damage. Specifically, it included simulation parameters, motion damage posture collection effect, damage detection speed at the collection point, damage accuracy, and damage degree. Results. (1) The analysis of the damage monitoring speed at multiple collection points of the athletes in the sports environment confirmed that the range of changes in different time periods was different, and the changes showed a fast to slow to fast trend. (2) The 3D image analysis had high accuracy in analyzing the posture of potential motion damage, which rationalized the evolution of injuries. (3) The degree of motion damage under a 3D image changed from rising to gradual, which was in line with the theoretical results (all p < 0.05). Conclusion. 3D image analysis can collect a high degree of small-sample-size data, then perform specific analysis, judgment, and summary, and finally, obtain objective and reasonable data. It greatly reduced the risk of potential motion damage for athletes and also improved the efficiency of injury recognition. Moreover, it reduced the chances of blind prevention and error prevention by athletes, thereby avoiding waste of resources. The simulation test confirmed the advantages of 3D image data collection in the sports environment, and it was solved that the current athletes cannot accurately and timely judge the potential motion damage. It also met the instability needs of the movement personnel of the acquisition system in the changing sports environment and provided a reliable guarantee for the safety and health of the sport personnel.
Personalized Influential Community Search in Large Networks: A K-ECC-Based Model
Authors: Meng Shi , Yang Hao , Liu Xijuan , Chen Zhenyue , Xuan Jingwen , Wu Yanping
Published: November 2021

Graphs have been widely used to model the complex relationships among entities. Community search is a fundamental problem in graph analysis. It aims to identify cohesive subgraphs or communities that contain the given query vertices. In social networks, a user is usually associated with a weight denoting its influence. Recently, some research is conducted to detect influential communities. However, there is a lack of research that can support personalized requirement. In this study, we propose a novel problem, named personalized influential

k

-ECC (PIKE) search, which leverages the

k

-ECC model to measure the cohesiveness of subgraphs and tries to find the influential community for a set of query vertices. To solve the problem, a baseline method is first proposed. To scale for large networks, a dichotomy-based algorithm is developed. To further speed up the computation and meet the online requirement, we develop an index-based algorithm. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted on 6 real-world social networks to evaluate the performance of proposed techniques. Compared with the baseline method, the index-based approach can achieve up to 7 orders of magnitude speedup.
Management of Asymptomatic Perforation of a Pediatric Rectal Foreign Body into the Peritoneal Cavity Retrieved with Laparoscopy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Forooghi Mehdi , Kamran Hooman , Shahriarirad Reza
Published: November 2021

Rectal foreign body insertion has had an increasing trend throughout the years, whereas it is rarely reported in pediatrics. The management and treatment of these cases can become challenging, since it also can present with atypical or even no symptoms in physical evaluation. A 14-year-old boy was referred to our hospital with a history of insertion of a paintbrush into his anus four weeks before the admission. The paintbrush had perforated the colon and was in the abdominopelvic cavity; however, no symptoms of peritonitis were observed. Rectal examination, sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy were unremarkable. Exploratory laparoscopy was performed, and the paintbrush was taken out completely. The patient was discharged in good condition. In cases with rectal foreign body insertion, perforation without causing peritonitis or acute abdomen is possible. In these conditions, imaging examinations play an essential role in managing the patients, and laparoscopy can be a proper procedure for retrieving the foreign body.