bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL ERROR OF THE MEANS OF MEASURING THE GEOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FIREARMS BORES
Authors: Kriukov Oleksandr ,   The National academy of hte National Guard of Ukraine, Mihura Oleksi ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The parameters of the optical scheme of a laser triangulation sensor, whose deviation from their nominal (calculated) values will affect the transformation function, are determined. It is shown that the presence of a technological error during the processing of measurement information will be perceived as an apparent change in the measured value with a constant input signal. Mathematical models of the components of technological error are obtained, which are presented in the form of error limits at the input of the measuring instrument. The expressions for determining the confidence limits of the total technological error, taking into account the correlation between its components, are substantiated. A quantitative assessment of the technological error for characteristic combinations of weapon parameters is carried out. The results of the quantitative evaluation are presented in the form of graphs of the dependence of the limits of relative and absolute technological error on the increase in the radius of the bore in the measurement range.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE FORCES AND EQUIPMENT OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE INVOLVED IN PERFORMING THE TASKS OF PROTECTING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AGAINST AIR TARGETS
Authors: Lapchuk Dmytro ,   The National academy of hte National Guard of Ukraine, Onopriienko Oleksandr , Holovan Oleh ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: July 2024

An analysis of critical infrastructure objects, which have different levels of criticality categories, and the importance of assigning individual units to destroy air targets, was carried out. The existing objects of critical infrastructure, which are subject to protection and defense by the National Guard of Ukraine in the conditions of resistance to the armed aggression of the Russian Federation, and the areas of responsibility of operational-territorial associations and military units under direct control, which carry out the protection and defense of the specified objects, were studied. The need for components of the defense system for the protection of critical infrastructure objects by military units (units) of the National Guard of Ukraine, which perform the task of destroying enemy air targets, is considered. The organization of interaction in the general air target detection system, which is connected to the network of the Air Force of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, air defense units and aims to detect enemy air targets aimed at destroying the country's critical infrastructure facilities protected by the National Guard of Ukraine, is analyzed. It is proposed to define the defense sectors of the critical infrastructure object to form the necessary type and quantity of weapons and equipment necessary for the destruction of air targets both in the approaches to the object and in the distance from it.
PRINCIPLES OF CREATING BATTALION TASK FORCES OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE FOR PARTICIPATION IN STABILIZATION ACTIONS
Authors: Osypenko Oleksii ,   National Guard of Ukraine, Adamchuk Maksym , Butuzov Vitalii , Titov Oleh ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine,   National Guard of Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The principles of creating battalion task forces in the National Guard of Ukraine for participation in stabilization actions were proposed, their formulation, classification and systematization were carried out. It was determined that the first group includes general principles that can also be taken as a basis during the formation of temporary organizational units to perform other tasks and functions assigned to the National Guard of Ukraine. The second group of principles for the creation of battalion task forces includes specific principles that are characterized only for participation in stabilization actions.
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES OF MODERN PRACTICE OF PROVIDING PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE TO PERSONNEL DURING COMBAT OPERATIONS AND POSSIBLE WAYS TO SOLVE THEM
Authors: Pasichnyk Volodymyr ,   The National academy of hte National Guard of Ukraine, Kernytskyi Oleksandr , Vasyshchev Volodymyr ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The article considers the peculiarities of implementing a study to identify problematic issues of the current practice of providing psychological assistance to the personnel of the National Guard of Ukraine during combat operations and to determine possible ways to solve them. The results of this study are presented. The expediency and relevance of identifying the existing array of problematic issues in this area and determining ways to solve them are substantiated. The algorithm of research actions, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the involved carriers of important research information, and the methods used to obtain the necessary information are revealed. On the basis of the data obtained from the carriers of important research information, using the methods of interviews, written surveys of experts, group discussions with combatants, studying the experience of psychological support of combat activities of the National Guard of Ukraine formations, their analysis and generalisation, a list of problematic issues of modern practice of providing psychological assistance to personnel is established. This list is presented according to the information, organisational, practical and implementation components of psychological assistance. In accordance with the nature of the identified problematic issues and the assessment of the possibilities of their solution, the author's vision of possible ways to improve the situation in this area is proposed. It is proposed to use the above research material as a basis for the implementation of organisational and methodological improvements in the practice of providing psychological assistance to personnel during combat operations.
CLASSIFICATION OF THE LEVELS OF MOTIVATION TO STUDY FOR CADETS OF HIGHER MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Panchenko Vitalii ,   The National academy of hte National Guard of Ukraine, Sydorenko Iryna ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The reasons for the decline in motivation to study of a certain category of cadets of higher military educational institutions are determined. Each reason is determined through classical motivation theory, analysis of statistical studies conducted in various higher education institutions, observations of personal priorities, goals, and traits of a cadet, the level of initial learning skills and basic knowledge, and the reasons for choosing a particular educational institution. Levels of motivation for learning are proposed and justified for cadets considering the specific conditions of the higher military educational institution.
GENESIS OF THE CONCEPT OF "PRISONER OF WAR" IN THE XX‒XXI CENTURIES
Authors: Pasternak Ihor ,   Military Academy (Odesa), Salamatin Oleksandr , Yakymynska Liubov ,   Mykolaiv Regional Court,   Military Academy (Odesa)
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the evolution of the meaning of the concept of "prisoner of war" from the First World War to the present day. International military law is subject to significant efforts toward codification. The author studies the legal regulation of the international status of "prisoner of war" in Ukrainian and foreign historiography. The author establishes that since the open Russian invasion of Ukraine, Ukrainian legal science has been facing the issue of mass captures of Russian combatants, as well as fighters of the private military company "Wagner" and other private companies.
REQUIREMENTS AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE TRAINING OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE OPERATORS FOR THE UNITS OF THE STATE BORDER SERVICE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Fedorchuk Anatolii ,   Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Zalozh Viktor , Bambuza Denys ,   Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine,   Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine
Published: July 2024

Based on the generalization of the experience of participation of military units of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine in performing tasks related to the defense of the state, the article formulates requirements and proposes methodological approaches to training of operators of mini-class unmanned aerial vehicles (FPV-drones), which will make it possible to organize targeted training of FPV-drone operators not only in the training centers of the border guard agencies, but also directly in the units and on the basis of relevant volunteer organizations.
Effects of Cataract on Optic Nerve Head and Macular Analysis Using Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Park Chanjoon , Jung Kyoung In
Published: July 2024

Purpose: To assess the impact of cataract on optic nerve head (ONH) parameters (disc area, rim area, average cup/disc ratio, vertical cup/disc ratio, cup volume), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness, and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGC-IPL) thickness in patients with glaucoma and in a control group.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on medical records from January to December 2021 for individuals undergoing cataract surgery. This group included normal, glaucoma suspects, and glaucoma patients, totaling 44 individuals and 63 eyes. Measurements of ONH parameters, pRNFL thickness, and mGC-IPL thickness were taken using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography before and after surgery. We analyzed postoperative changes in these parameters and related factors to preoperative segmentation errors.Results: In glaucoma patients, a significant increase in the average thickness of the pRNFL (p = 0.002) was observed after surgery, while no significant changes were seen in ONH parameters and the average thickness of the mGC-IPL (all p > 0.05). Conversely, the control group showed an increase in some areas of mGC-IPL thickness after surgery (p < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that in glaucoma patients, thinner preoperative pRNFL and mGC-IPL thickness were predictors of increased average thickness after surgery (p < 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively).Conclusions: Cataract significantly impacts the pRNFL and mGC-IPL thickness in glaucoma patients, with less effect on ONH parameters. These findings suggest that ONH parameters can be more reliable for monitoring patients undergoing cataract surgery and assessing glaucoma progression simultaneously.
DO BELIEFS IN CONSPIRACY THEORIES SPREAD THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA AFFECT WORK PERFORMANCE? A SURVEY OF MEMBERS OF THE MILITARY FORCES
Authors: MITÁČEK RADEK , ŠIKÝŘ MARTIN , SKÝPALOVÁ RENATA , JEŘÁBEK TOMÁŠ
Published: July 2024

Conspiracy theories spread through social and other media often bringing easy explanations of events that cannot be easily explained. Beliefs in conspiracy theories may lead to simplified and radical viewpoints that can negatively influence one's behavior and actions. The paper analyzes the association between beliefs in popular conspiracy theories spread through social media and work performance using the results of an authors’ test of conspiracy theories applied to a sample of 178 students of the Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence in Brno, Czech Republic. The students were selected as representatives of high-profile professions that should be trained to deal with potential disinformation and conspiracy theories. The assumption was that the students would be generally immune to the impact of conspiracy theories. The analysis did not confirm a hypothesis that individuals with top work performance are less prone to beliefs in conspiracy theories than individuals with solid/poor work performance. The findings confirm the necessity to systematically train people working in high-profile professions to work with available information and deal with potential disinformation and conspiracy theories. The findings are useful in the HR management practice of organizations that care about the professional qualities of their people and encourage further research on the origin, spread, and impact of conspiracy theories in the workplace.
Identidad de Marca y Mercadeo étnico
Authors: Melchor Cardona Madeline , Mayorga Gordillo Javier Andrés , Mezu Carabali Erika Milena
Published: July 2024

Contar con una identidad de marca consistente y específica favorece la diferenciación en el mercado y el establecimiento de un vínculo emocional con el consumidor. Es fundamental que la identidad de marca sea auténtica y coherente. En este sentido, la cultura está asociada al simbolismo que el consumidor atribuye a la marca, por lo cual existe una necesidad de profundizar en las prácticas culturales de segmentos de mercado para conectar la identidad de las marcas con sus costumbres, historia y tradiciones. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los atributos de auto-reconocimiento de la comunidad afrocolombiana para determinar cuáles deberían ser implementados por las marcas que impactan este segmento de mercado. La metodología se enfocó en un estudio mixto que permitió, en sus fases cualitativa y cuantitativa, identificar la estructura singular de los atributos y rasgos referidos por los integrantes de la comunidad afrocolombiana. El principal hallazgo es que se identificaron tres rasgos que fortalecen la marca afrodescendiente: autenticidad, historia y entusiasmo, los cuales, al ser tenidos en cuenta por las marcas de la etnia, tendrían una mayor acogida entre la comunidad. Se concluye que articular la identidad étnica con la identidad de la marca puede cambiar la relación entre el consumidor y la marca, fortaleciendo su conexión y aumentando su disposición a comprar el producto.
Trascendencia de competencias gerenciales y gestión para resultados en la efectividad del Gobierno Regional de Ayacucho-Perú
Authors: Rodríguez Hurtado Víctor Raúl , Badajoz-Ramos Jesús , Mucha Pozo Anyela Lizeth , Aguilar Quispe Gabriela Naomi
Published: July 2024

La búsqueda de una gestión efectiva por los gobiernos regionales requiere de la optimización de los recursos, el fortalecimiento de las habilidades gerenciales y mejorar la prestación de sus servicios públicos. El objetivo de la investigación es evaluar cómo las competencias gerenciales y la gestión para resultados influye en la efectividad organizacional del Gobierno Regional de Ayacucho. En cuanto a la metodología, el tipo de investigación fue aplicada en un nivel descriptivo explicativo y diseño no experimental transversal. La población la conformó 405 empleados y el tamaño de la muestra fue determinado por conveniencia identificando a 109 funcionarios. Los resultados muestran que la efectividad organizacional se ubica en un rango de bueno a regular, valoración que se basa en el desempeño positivo de la efectividad estratégica y social con un nivel bueno de 33% y 30.3% respectivamente, y la efectividad operativa y económica presentan un desempeño regular con un 29.4% y 33.9% respectivamente. Concluyendo que las competencias gerenciales y la gestión para resultados son factores determinantes en la efectividad organizacional de la institución, debido al papel que desempeñan las metas cumplidas, la eficiencia de los recursos y la comunicación asertiva con la población.
La trata de personas y su implicancia con la función preventiva del delito en Ayacucho, Perú
Authors: Carbajal Ochoa Lilia Rosa
Published: July 2024

The objective of this study is to understand human trafficking in its various forms and its relationship with the preventive function of crime in Ayacucho, Peru, during the year 2023. The methodology employed was descriptive and interpretive qualitative research, based on information collection through interviews conducted with 10 lawyers specialized in the subject. The results obtained indicate that, in Ayacucho, human trafficking occurs without distinction of gender or age. Victims can be both women and men, from different age groups. It is observed that adolescent girls are mainly subjected to sexual exploitation, while adult women and men are victims of labor exploitation, and children are forced into begging. In this context, it has been found that the effective implementation of the preventive function established in the Penal Code regarding the crime of human trafficking in Ayacucho is mostly limited to the theoretical-normative realm, lacking concrete pragmatic actions.
Fast-track Effectiveness in Abdominal Surgery (Literature Review)
Authors: Ysmaiylov K. , Tashiev K. , Abdiraimuulu S. , Abdyldaev T.
Published: July 2024

The study aimed to evaluate the literature on fast-track laparoscopic bariatric surgery (LRYGB and LAGB) to determine its feasibility and safety. Articles from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library discussing next-day discharge for LRYGB and same-day discharge for LAGB were analyzed. The review included 13 studies with evidence levels of 3b or 4, comprising seven studies on LAGB, five on LRYGB, and one on both. The next-day discharge rate for LRYGB ranged from 81% to 100%, and the same-day discharge rate for LAGB ranged from 76% to 98%. Complication, readmission, and mortality rates were comparable to conventional care. The results indicate that fast-track management of LRYGB and LAGB is feasible with careful patient selection and preparation in high-volume centers, potentially offering cost benefits. However, further studies are needed to confirm the safety and cost-effectiveness of this approach outside specialized bariatric units.
The Impossibility of Logging Off: Technological Disconnection in Jean-Philippe Toussaint’s La Clé USB (2019)
Authors: Pettman André
Published: July 2024

This article examines the question of technological disconnection in Jean-Philippe Toussaint’s La Clé USB (2019). It shows how Toussaint’s novel offers a vision of everyday life in which existence is tantamount to being logged on, so to speak, in perpetuity. I consider how La Clé USB testifies to the fraught process of technological disconnection. I offer an extended analysis of the novel’s narrator, Jean Detrez, focusing specifically on his attempts to ‘disconnect’ from technological mediation, which result in paranoia, guilt and corporeal disembodiment. Ultimately, I argue that La Clé USB draws our attention to the affective, sensorial and relational dimensions of everyday life and compels us to reckon with their potential degradation in our hyperconnected digital age.
Transformation of Traditional Values to the Phenomenon of Santri Courtship in the Digital Era
Authors: Zaini Abdul Wahid , Hamidah Tutik
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze how traditional values in Islamic boarding schools have transformed in the context of the dating phenomenon among Islamic boarding school students in the digital era. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, this research explores the influence of communication technology, such as social media, on student dating, which was previously strictly controlled by Islamic boarding school norms. Data was collected through observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, providing an in-depth picture of interactions between students and the use of digital media in romantic contexts. The research results show that Islamic boarding school students use social media as a means of dating, which often deviates from hard-line traditional values. This research identifies new dynamics where traditional and modern values collide and interact, creating a third space where norms and values are shaped and renegotiated. The implications of this research are essential for Islamic boarding school caregivers in formulating educational strategies relevant to today's technology and for policymakers in designing interventions that balance traditional values and students' freedom in the digital era.
“O corpo é uma memória"
Authors: Rego Barros Biscaia Filho Paulo Roberto
Published: July 2024

Este artigo explora o significado e a importância da tatuagem como forma de expressão cultural e espiritual, com base no estudo de Febrônio Índio do Brasil, um criminoso que marcou seu corpo e o de suas vítimas. Ao analisar a relação entre tatuagens, cultura e identidade, examinamos como as marcas corporais se tornaram parte de um ritual religioso e performático, com elementos dramáticos, criado por Febrônio. O artigo se constrói a partir de registros históricos da prática de tatuagem em culturas diversas, demonstrando que a marca deliberada no corpo tem sido usada como meio de expressão artística e religiosa ao longo dos tempos.
Transformação docente como política pública educacional
Authors: García Riart Jorge
Published: July 2024

Neste trabalho, exploramos a congruência de linhas de ação pública que foram desenhadas nos últimos anos no Equador, Paraguai e Uruguai, três países relativamente pequenos da América do Sul, em torno da dimensão docente de seus sistemas educacionais, bem como sua relação com as propostas de organizações internacionais para a transformação educacional. Para a sistematização, analisa-se o conteúdo dos documentos de trabalho e publicações tanto dos organismos internacionais como dos ministérios da educação de cada país. Os eixos identificados convergem no desenvolvimento e fortalecimento da dimensão docente, no aprimoramento de competências, no desenvolvimento de mecanismos de acesso, permanência e graduação (carreira docente), entre outros. Embora as propostas pareçam repetir as políticas públicas da década de 1990 aplicadas na região, por não terem produzido resultados, aponta-se, à luz dos cenários prospectivos, que a transformação do ensino deve ser orientada para a inovação e articulação da produção de conhecimento.
A Evasão Escolar no Ensino Médio Noturno
Authors: Zambão Ignacio Juliane Aparecida , Scortegagna Paola Andressa
Published: July 2024

Este estudo tem como propósito analisar a evasão escolar no Ensino Médio regular noturno, compreendendo a complexidade e natureza do problema. Além disso, busca proporcionar o espaço para que os alunos afetados por essa realidade possam expressar suas vozes e experiências, visando que sejam ouvidos e compreendidos. O objetivo geral é analisar as perspectivas dos alunos do Ensino Médio na Rede Estadual de Ensino no Município de Ponta Grossa, Paraná. Esta pesquisa adotou uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa de cunho exploratório, utilizando um questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas como instrumento de coleta de dados junto aos alunos do Ensino Médio na rede estadual. Os dados coletados foram examinados à luz dos referenciais teóricos mencionados ao longo do trabalho. Nesta pesquisa, compreendemos que os fatores que contribuem para a evasão estão intrinsecamente ligados ao ambiente escolar e interconectados com o contexto social, econômico e político dos alunos. O estudo também se concentra nos fatores que colaboram para a evasão escolar e na percepção dos alunos em relação a esses elementos.
Perspectivas inclusivas presentes em práticas pedagógicas voltadas para a produção de histórias infantis
Authors: Rosa Farto Lopes Valéria , Pinheiro de Oliveira Jáima
Published: July 2024

O objetivo principal deste estudo foi analisar perspectivas inclusivas presentes em estratégias pedagógicas utilizadas com turmas de Educação Infantil e anos inicias do Ensino Fundamental, em atividades de produção de histórias infantis. De maneira secundária, propusemos um modelo de protocolo de observação para essas situações, que considera questões de acessibilidade. Participaram da pesquisa seis turmas de quatro escolas, contemplando 105 crianças e seis professoras. A geração de dados ocorreu numa cidade de pequeno porte, no interior do Estado de São Paulo, por meio de observações organizadas em seis sessões, sendo uma para cada turma. Os registros foram efetuados em dias de atividades que envolviam a produção de histórias infantis. Estes registros abordaram aspectos relacionados ao tipo de história contemplada na atividade; às estratégias pedagógicas; aos recursos utilizados; ao engajamento e participação de todas as crianças da turma na atividade, dentre outros aspectos. Para este artigo, foram considerados os dados relacionados a uma categoria denominada Estratégias de Ensino, com quatro subcategorias: a) Organização das turmas e do ambiente; b) Acessibilidade; c) Línguas, sistemas, meios de comunicação e expressão utilizados; e d) Mediação docente e participação das crianças. Os resultados indicaram uma carência de mediações com uma maior variedade de recursos e estratégias de ensino, em que as histórias sejam apresentadas de uma forma que permita a participação de todas as crianças.
A docência na Educação Infantil na perspectiva da Teoria Histórico-Cultural
Authors: Proença Arruda Michellim , De Novaes Conceição Aline
Published: July 2024

A Educação Infantil, primeira etapa da Educação Básica, não é um momento de alfabetização e nem preparação para o Ensino Fundamental, mas momento do trabalho com a Educação Integral que considere as múltiplas linguagens, desenvolvendo os elementos, intelectuais, físicos, sociais, culturais e afetivos da criança. Considerando que a Educação Integral envolve o desenvolvimento pleno com a utilização das múltiplas linguagens. Nesse âmbito, há a valorização da cultura, pois, por meio das vivências sociais ocorre o aprendizado e consequentemente o desenvolvimento. Desse modo, a história e a cultura são essenciais para o processo de desenvolvimento, como afirma a teoria Histórico-Cultural. A partir disso, o objetivo geral deste artigo é identificar a relação do trabalho pedagógico na Educação Infantil com a Teoria Histórico- Cultural e o específico consiste em refletir sobre o papel do docente, relacionando-o com práticas pedagógicas que proporcionam o desenvolvimento integral das crianças da Educação Infantil. Para isso, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, consultando o portal de periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), a Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) e o acervo da Biblioteca da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), todos disponíveis on-line. A pesquisa possibilitou compreender que mesmo em contextos diferentes, os princípios da Teoria Histórico-Cultural, trazidos para a área da Educação, são possíveis, porém, ainda se tornam um desafio no âmbito da Educação Infantil.
Editorial
Authors: Tavares Ujiie Nájela
Published: July 2024

Neste primeiro volume e número, contamos com a contribuição de dezoito pesquisadores, autores e coautores, dos dez artigos apresentados, sendo um artigo de autoria internacional e nove nacionais, cujas contribuições significativas desde já agradecemos.
Os artigos aqui apresentados referendam o nosso compromisso enquanto grupo de pesquisadores(as) e estudiosos(as) com a educação, com o ensino, com a formação de professores  e educadores em suas multíplas dimensões. Temos discussões temáticas importantes que abarcam a transformação docente como política pública educacional no Equador, no Paraguai e no Uruguai; a matemática, sua história e ensino aprendizagem alinhada aos desafios das tecnologias na formação de professores; a formação do pedagogo que atua em espaços da Educação Social; formação de professores para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA); a evasão escolar no Ensino Médio Noturno; perspectivas inclusivas presentes em práticas pedagógicas dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental;  biografia das idéias de Winnicott e o jogo como criação da vida; o brincar na natureza e as possibilidades para a Educação Infantil; a docência na Educação Infantil na perspectiva da Teoria Histórico-Cultural; e, a importância da brincadeira na mediação docente na primeira infância.
Nesta seara, as discussões propostas refletem temáticas significativas e dialógicas, as quais merecem chegar a comunidade de leitores da Revista FormAção, uma revista científica de caráter educativo e formativo interdisciplinar.
APRENDIZAJE ESTRATÉGICO EN LA MEDIACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA DE LA FORMACIÓN DE PROFESIONALES DE LA EDUCACIÓN
Authors: BLANCO VEGA MARIA DE JESUS , Rincón Infante Sandra Milena , Ladino Calderón Francy Milena
Published: July 2024

En un mundo cada vez más globalizado, las interacciones comunicativas de gran parte de la población se encuentran mediadas por recursos tecnológicos que permiten acercar la realidad propia con la de culturas y contextos diferentes, en ambientes en los que la distancia ya no es una limitante. Estas nuevas dinámicas sociales moldean los recursos para el aprendizaje, ofreciendo oportunidades de experimentación de la realidad que hace algunos años no existían, lo que ofrece distintas posibilidades de enseñar y de aprender en interrelaciones que normalmente han sido mediadas por el conocimiento y en las que ahora entran a participar el querer aprender, las herramientas y las motivaciones para enseñar (OECD, 2013).
Advancements in diabetic foot insoles: a comprehensive review of design, manufacturing, and performance evaluation
Authors: Ren Yuanfei , Wang Hao , Song Xiaoshuang , Wu Yanli , Lyu Yongtao , Zeng Wei
Published: July 2024

The escalating prevalence of diabetes has accentuated the significance of addressing the associated diabetic foot problem as a major public health concern. Effectively offloading plantar pressure stands out as a crucial factor in preventing diabetic foot complications. This review comprehensively examines the design, manufacturing, and evaluation strategies employed in the development of diabetic foot insoles. Furthermore, it offers innovative insights and guidance for enhancing their performance and facilitating clinical applications. Insoles designed with total contact customization, utilizing softer and highly absorbent materials, as well as incorporating elliptical porous structures or triply periodic minimal surface structures, prove to be more adept at preventing diabetic foot complications. Fused Deposition Modeling is commonly employed for manufacturing; however, due to limitations in printing complex structures, Selective Laser Sintering is recommended for intricate insole designs. Preceding clinical implementation, in silico and in vitro testing methodologies play a crucial role in thoroughly evaluating the pressure-offloading efficacy of these insoles. Future research directions include advancing inverse design through machine learning, exploring topology optimization for lightweight solutions, integrating flexible sensor configurations, and innovating new skin-like materials tailored for diabetic foot insoles. These endeavors aim to further propel the development and effectiveness of diabetic foot management strategies. Future research avenues should explore inverse design methodologies based on machine learning, topology optimization for lightweight structures, the integration of flexible sensors, and the development of novel skin-like materials specifically tailored for diabetic foot insoles. Advancements in these areas hold promise for further enhancing the effectiveness and applicability of diabetic foot prevention measures.
Supercooled preservation of cultured primary rat hepatocyte monolayers
Authors: Gokaltun Aslihan , Asik Eda , Byrne Delaney , Yarmush Martin L. , Usta O. Berk
Published: July 2024

Supercooled preservation (SCP) is a technology that involves cooling a substance below its freezing point without initiating ice crystal formation. It is a promising alternative to prolong the preservation time of cells, tissues, engineered tissue products, and organs compared to the current practices of hypothermic storage. Two-dimensional (2D) engineered tissues are extensively used in in vitro research for drug screening and development and investigation of disease progression. Despite their widespread application, there is a lack of research on the SCP of 2D-engineered tissues. In this study, we presented the effects of SCP at −2 and −6°C on primary rat hepatocyte (PRH) monolayers for the first time and compared cell viability and functionality with cold storage (CS, + 4°C). We preserved PRH monolayers in two different commercially available solutions: Hypothermosol-FRS (HTS-FRS) and the University of Wisconsin (UW) with and without supplements (i.e., polyethylene glycol (PEG) and 3-O-Methyl-Α-D-Glucopyranose (3-OMG)). Our findings revealed that UW with and without supplements were inadequate for the short-term preservation of PRH monolayers for both SCP and CS with high viability, functionality, and monolayer integrity. The combination of supplements (PEG and 3-OMG) in the HTS-FRS solution outperformed the other groups and yielded the highest viability and functional capacity. Notably, PRH monolayers exhibited superior viability and functionality when stored at −2°C through SCP for up to 3 days compared to CS. Overall, our results demonstrated that SCP is a feasible approach to improving the short-term preservation of PRH monolayers and enables readily available 2D-engineered tissues to advance in vitro research. Furthermore, our findings provide insights into preservation outcomes across various biological levels, from cells to tissues and organs, contributing to the advancement of bioengineering and biotechnology.
Long-term stability of acquired drug resistance and resistance associated mutations in the fungal pathogen Nakaseomyces glabratus (Candida glabrata)
Authors: Ksiezopolska Ewa , Schikora-Tamarit Miquel Àngel , Carlos Nunez-Rodriguez Juan , Gabaldón Toni
Published: July 2024

The limited number of available antifungal drugs and the increasing number of fungal isolates that show drug or multidrug resistance pose a serious medical threat. Several yeast pathogens, such as Nakaseomyces glabratus (Candida glabrata), show a remarkable ability to develop drug resistance during treatment through the acquisition of genetic mutations. However, how stable this resistance and the underlying mutations are in non-selective conditions remains poorly characterized. The stability of acquired drug resistance has fundamental implications for our understanding of the appearance and spread of drug-resistant outbreaks and for defining efficient strategies to combat them. Here, we used an in vitro evolution approach to assess the stability under optimal growth conditions of resistance phenotypes and resistance-associated mutations that were previously acquired under exposure to antifungals. Our results reveal a remarkable stability of the resistant phenotype and the underlying mutations in a significant number of evolved populations, which conserved their phenotype for at least two months in the absence of drug-selective pressure. We observed a higher stability of anidulafungin resistance over fluconazole resistance, and of resistance-conferring point mutations as compared with aneuploidies. In addition, we detected accumulation of novel mutations in previously altered resistance-associated genes in non-selective conditions, which suggest a possible compensatory role. We conclude that acquired resistance, particularly to anidulafungin, is a long-lasting phenotype, which has important implications for the persistence and propagation of drug-resistant clinical outbreaks.
Precise hourly personalized embryo transfer significantly improves clinical outcomes in patients with repeated implantation failure
Authors: Xu Yameng , Du Jing , Zou Yangyun , Lin Xiaoli , Chen Yulin , Ma Lan , Jiang Shan , Lin Xiufeng
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study investigated whether RNA-Seq-based endometrial receptivity test (rsERT)—which provides precision for the optimal hour of the window of implantation (WOI)—can improve clinical outcomes of frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles in patients with a history of repeated implantation failure (RIF).

Methods

Patients with a history of RIF who received at least one autologous high-quality blastocyst during the subsequent FET cycle were retrospectively enrolled and divided into two groups: rsERT and FET, comprising patients who underwent rsERT-guided pET (n=115) and standard FET without rsERT (n=272), respectively.

Results

In the rsERT group, 39.1% (45/115) of patients were receptive. rsERT patients showed a higher probability of achieving both positive human chorionic gonadotropin (63.5% vs. 51.5%, P=0.03) and clinical pregnancy (54.8% vs. 38.6%, P=0.003) rates. In subgroup analysis, rsERT patients with non-receptive results had higher clinical pregnancy rates than patients undergoing FET (58.6% vs. 38.6%, P=0.003). rsERT patients with receptive results guided by rsERT with a precise WOI time had higher, although non-significant, clinical pregnancy rates (48.9% vs. 38.6%, P=0.192) than patients who underwent standard-time FET.

Conclusion

Hourly precise rsERT can significantly improve the probability of achieving clinical pregnancy in patients with RIF, especially in those with non-receptive rsERT results.
A modified two-stage isolated bidirectional buck-DAB converter with a full-load ZVS range
Authors: Li Jinliang , Wan Dai , Lu Zhengmei , Xu Guo
Published: July 2024

A modified two-stage buck-DAB (MBDAB) converter is proposed to improve the performance of the traditional two-stage buck-DAB (TSBDAB) converter. In the MBDAB converter, the DAB can work with fixed voltage gain and voltage-matched condition under a wide input voltage range. The voltage gain of the converter is adjusted through the added front-end stage, which is similar to a buck converter. Compared with the TSBDAB converter, only part of the transmitted power flows through the front-end stage, so the loss of the buck stage and the burden of zero-voltage switching (ZVS) can be reduced. Detailed analysis of the working principle, partial power characteristics, and the full-load ZVS range design are presented. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed MBDAB converter, experimental results are obtained from a prototype with a rated power of 1 kW.
Knowledge towards the health impacts of climate change and associated factors among undergraduate health sciences students in Amhara region: a multi-centered study
Authors: Alemayehu Meron Asmamaw , Workie Sewnet Getaye , Belew Makida Abate , Agimas Muluken Chanie , Derseh Nebiyu Mekonnen , Abuhay Habtamu Wagnew , Berihanu Redeat , Kinfe Fasika Terefe , Abebe Haymanot Assefa , zemene Sophiya , Bazezew Astewil Moges
Published: July 2024

Background

Increased knowledge about the health impacts of climate change would motivate health students and health professionals to adopt sustainable healthcare practices, design climate-centered health programs, help build climate-resilient health systems, and ultimately contribute to the global effort of mitigating climate change.

Method

An Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Universities in the Amhara region. A total of 616 undergraduate health science students were included from three Universities. A validated, self-administered structured questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed using STATA™ version 14.0. A Logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with the health impacts of climate change. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Result

Only 48.5% (95% CI: 44.6, 52.4) of students had good knowledge regarding the health impacts of climate change. Sex of the student—male (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.032, 2.023), University (AOR = 0.534, 95% CI: 0.360, 0.792), and Department—comprehensive Nursing, (AOR = 0.264, 95% CI: 0.117, 0.592), Midwifery (AOR = 0.201, 95% CI: 0.085, 0.476), and Medical Laboratory (AOR = 0.151, 95% CI: 0.055, 0.413) were significantly associated factors.

Conclusion

The knowledge of the health impacts of climate change among health science students was low. Sex, University, and Department were the associated factors. Hence, undergraduate health science programs should incorporate at least the fundamental details of climate change. Universities should also develop and use a harmonized curriculum.
Risks and coping strategies in the floodplain economic belt amid drought–flood challenges and climate change
Authors: Dong He , An Xianjuan , Zeng Xueting , Li Tienan , Teng Yun , Zhang Xinyu , Li Shupan
Published: July 2024

In this study, a coupla risk combinations and coping strategies have been developed for confronting conflicts between population–economy development and water resource management (PEWM) due to population–industry transformation (PIT) into a floodplain of the economic belt under climate change. A location-entropy-based PVAR (Panel Vector Autoregression) model coupla-risk analysis (LPCR) can be introduced into PEWM to reflect the adverse effects of population–industry transformation on a special function area (e.g., floodplain) of the economic belt, where the coupla risk map has been addressed. Meanwhile, an adaptive scenario analysis-based stochastic–fuzzy method (ASSF) can be joined to deal with multiple uncertainties and their interactions due to subjective and artificial factors. The proposed LPCR and ASSF can be integrated into a risk-based stochastic–fuzzy scenario method framework (RASF) to apply for a practical PEWM case study of the Yongding River floodplain in the context of the coordinative development of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei economic belt, China. The results can be presented as follows: 1) the PIT was accelerated into the floodplain due to the fact that it can require more water resources, where each additional unit can promote the regional gross domestic product (GDP) by 0.019 units, increasing the water demand by 0.046 units. It can strengthen various risks such as water shortage, soil loss, and flood control investment in a floodplain of the economic belt; 2) the farmland returning to wetland (CFW) can decrease the water demand and shortage ratio (would be 0% at highest) for irrigation in the long run, but this would reduce the direct economic income of irrigation in the short run; 3) backward irrigative schemes and low water utilization efficiency require a cleaner production mode, which could reduce water shortages by 77.23 × 10^3 m3 at the highest; and 4) the combined policy (S12) can reduce coupla risks (including the risk of water shortage, soil loss, and flood) compared to other individual policies (S2, S4, S6, and S8). The findings can assist local decision-makers to gain insights into adjusting interegional strategies not only for remitting population–resource stress in core cities but also for improving the resilience against drought and flood in a floodplain area, which is conducive of the special function of the floodplain to support an integrated sustainable development of the economic belt.
Coccinellidae on native and introduced spruce in central Europe: conservation implications in urban areas
Authors: Jauschová Terézia , Sarvašová Lenka , Zach Peter , Saniga Miroslav , Martinková Zdenka , Honěk Alois , Skuhrovec Jiří , Holecová Milada , Kulfan Ján
Published: July 2024

The abundance and species composition of adult ladybird communities (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were investigated on two congeneric trees, native Norway spruce (Picea abies) and the introduced blue spruce (Picea pungens), at four locations in Slovakia (central Europe). For two years (2021–2022), coccinellid adults were sampled using a standard method involving beating branches at monthly intervals from April to November. Although the species composition of the communities on both spruce species was similar, the abundance of the entire coccinellid community as well as the abundance of individual species was significantly greater on Norway spruce than on blue spruce. With the current decline of Norway spruce as a result of several negative factors, blue spruce has emerged as a suitable substitute host plant for coccinellid communities in urban areas.
Screening and the analysis of genotypic and phenotypic characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in Fujian province, China
Authors: Zhou Jinfu , Zeng Yinglin , Tang Jianping , Chen Shihong , Li Guilin , Qiu Xiaolong , Zhao Peiran , Huang Ting , Luo Jinying , Lin Na , Xu Liangpu
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a common X-linked hereditary disorder in southern China. However, the incidence rate of G6PD deficiency and the frequency of the most common G6PD gene variants vary widely. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, genotype, and phenotypic features of G6PD deficiency in neonates in Fujian province, southeastern China.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study enrolled 2,789,002 newborns (1,521,431 males and 1,267,571 females) based on the newborn screening program for G6PD deficiency in Fujian Province between January 2010 and December 2021.

Results

Of the 2,789,002 newborns enrolled, 26,437 cases were diagnosed (22,939 males and 3,498 females), and the estimated prevalence of G6PD deficiency in Fujian province was 0.95%. The prevalence was significantly higher among males (1.51%) than in females (0.28%) (p < 0.00001). Among the 3,198 patients with G6PD deficiency, 3,092 cases (2,145 males and 947 females) were detected to have G6PD gene variants. The top six prevalent genotypes identified represented 90.84% (2095/3,198) of the total and included c.1376G > T (44.93%), c.1388G > A (18.42%), c.1024C > T (9.32%), c.95A > G (8.69%), c.392G > T (5.25%), and c.871G > A (4.22%). The frequency of genotypes with c.1388G > A, c.1024C > T, and c.871G > A was higher in males in the Fujian province than in females, while the frequency of genotypes with c.1376G > T was lower. Furthermore, when comparing the enzyme activities of the top six prevalent genotypes, there were significant differences in the enzyme activities among the genotypes of male hemizygotes and female heterozygotes. According to the new classification of G6PD variants proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), the variants with c.1376G > T, c.95A > G, and c.871G > A were recognized as Class A, while the c.392G > T, c.1388G > A, and c.1024C > T were recognized as Class B.

Discussion

To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to systematically describe the overview of epidemiological characteristics of newborn G6PD deficiency in Fujian province, China, including the screening rate, incidence rate, and variant spectrum. Additionally, we elucidated the relationship between the distribution of enzyme activity with specific mutations and their WHO classification patterns. Our results could provide strategies for screening, diagnosis, and genetic counseling of G6PD deficiency in this area.
Molecular tools of antibiotic resistance for Helicobacter pylori: an overview in Latin America
Authors: Contreras Monica , Mujica Heisser , García-Amado María Alexandra
Published: July 2024

Antibiotic resistance in the treatment of H. pylori infection is the principal reason for the failure of eradication regimens using the triple therapy. We reviewed the mechanisms of H. pylori antibiotic resistance and assessed the molecular tools commonly used to detect antibiotic resistance in Latin America. Most commonly reported molecular techniques were PCR and sequencing, as well as its variants PCR-RFLP and qPCR to detect the genes and mutations involved in the resistance to clarithromycin (CLR), amoxicillin (AMX), levofloxacin (LVX), tetracycline (TET), and metronidazole (MTZ). The mutation-associated resistance rates varied from 2.2% to 83.3% for CLA and 12% to 100% for LVX in 7 and 4 countries, respectively, whereas for MTZ the resistance frequency was between 50% to 100% in 4 countries. For TET and AMX, frequency of the resistance was in the range of 0% to 27% (5 and 3 countries, respectively). Molecular tools can be used for the rapid detection of resistance to CLR, LVX, and TET, whereas genotypic analysis is not appropriate to detect resistance to AMX and MTZ due to genomic changes found in the rdxA and pbp1A genes. The revision of the different molecular methods showed that qPCR and RFLP are the best tools to detect the resistance of H. pylori. Few molecular tools have been developed in Latin America to detect H. pylori resistance to antibiotics. More studies would be needed to understand better efficient strategies to prevent further emergence of antimicrobial resistance.