bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flow of Antarctic Bottom water from the Vema Channel
Authors: Morozov Eugene G. , Frey Dmitry I. , Tarakanov Roman Y.
Published: October 2020

We analyze measurements of bottom currents and thermohaline properties of water north of the Vema Channel with the goal to find pathway continuations of Antarctic Bottom Water flow from the Vema Channel into the Brazil Basin. The analysis is based on CTD/LADCP casts north of the Vema Channel. The flow in the deep Vema Channel consists of two branches. The deepest current flows along the bottom in the center of the channel and the other branch flows above the western wall of the channel. We found two smaller channels of the northern continuation of the deeper bottom flow. These flows become weak and almost disappear at a latitude of 25° 30′ S. The upper current flows at a depth of 4100–4200 m along the continental slope. We traced this current up to 24° S over a distance exceeding 250 km. This branch transports bottom water that eventually fills the deep basins of the North Atlantic.
A pilot randomised controlled trial of a web-based implementation intervention to increase child intake of fruit and vegetables within childcare centres
Authors: Barnes Courtney , Grady Alice , Nathan Nicole , Wolfenden Luke , Pond Nicole , McFayden Tameka , Ward Dianne S. , Vaughn Amber E. , Yoong Sze Lin
Published: October 2020

Background

As dietary behaviours developed during early childhood are known to track into adulthood, interventions that aim to improve child nutrition at a population level are recommended. Whilst early childhood education and care (ECEC) is a promising setting for interventions targeting children’s nutrition behaviours, previous interventions have largely used high intensity, face-to-face approaches, limiting their reach, implementation and potential impact at a population level. Web-based modalities represent a promising means of supporting the delivery of childcare-based interventions whilst overcoming challenges of previous approaches; however, the feasibility of using such modalities to support implementation is largely unknown. As such, this study sought to collect feasibility and pilot data to inform the design of a web-based intervention together with health promotion officer support within childcare centres. Child dietary intake will also be assessed to provide an estimate of the impact of the implementation intervention.

Methods

A superiority cluster randomised controlled trial with repeat cross-sectional data collection employing an effectiveness-implementation type-II hybrid design will be conducted with childcare centres within the Hunter New England region of New South Wales, Australia. Type-II hybrid designs provide the opportunity to assess intervention efficacy whilst piloting the feasibility of the implementation strategies. Centres allocated to the intervention group will receive access to a web-based program together with health promotion officer support to implement targeted healthy eating practices to improve child diet in care. A number of outcomes will be assessed to inform the feasibility to conduct a larger trial, including childcare centre and parent recruitment and consent rates for each component of data collection, uptake of the implementation strategies, acceptability of the intervention and implementation strategies, appropriateness of the implementation strategies and the contextual factors influencing implementation.

Discussion

This study will provide high-quality evidence regarding the potential feasibility of a web-based intervention and the impact of healthy eating practices on child diet in care. Web-based modalities provide a promising approach for population-wide implementation support to childcare centres given their potential reach and consistency with existing infrastructure.

Trial registration

Prospectively registered with Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12619001158156).
Clinical management of patients with Cushing syndrome treated with mifepristone: consensus recommendations
Authors: Brown David R. , East Honey E. , Eilerman Bradley S. , Gordon Murray B. , King Elizabeth E. , Knecht Laura A. , Salke Brandon , Samson Susan L. , Yuen Kevin C. J. , Yau Hanford
Published: October 2020

Background

While surgery is the first-line treatment for patients with endogenous hypercortisolism (Cushing syndrome [CS]), mifepristone has been shown to be a beneficial medical treatment option, as demonstrated in the SEISMIC (Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Mifepristone in the Treatment of Endogenous Cushing Syndrome) trial. Mifepristone is a competitive glucocorticoid receptor antagonist and progesterone receptor antagonist that is associated with several treatment effects and adverse events that clinicians need to be aware of when considering its use. The objective of this review was to provide updated clinical management recommendations for patients with CS treated with mifepristone.

Methods

A panel of endocrinologists from the US with extensive experience in treating patients with CS, including with mifepristone, convened as part of a clinical advisory board to develop a consensus on the practical, real-world clinical management of patients on mifepristone.

Results

Comprehensive considerations and recommendations are provided for managing mifepristone-associated effects, including symptoms of cortisol withdrawal, hypokalemia, and change in thyroid function; effects related to its antiprogesterone activity; and rash. Additional management strategies to address concomitant medications and special clinical situations, such as surgery and use in specific populations, are also provided.

Conclusion

Safe and effective use of mifepristone requires clinical judgment and close patient monitoring to ensure optimal clinical outcomes. These consensus recommendations provide useful, practical guidance to clinicians using mifepristone.
Developing inhaled protein therapeutics for lung diseases
Authors: Matthews Abigail A. , Ee Pui Lai Rachel , Ge Ruowen
Published: October 2020

Biologic therapeutics such as protein/polypeptide drugs are conventionally administered systemically via intravenous injection for the treatment of diseases including lung diseases, although this approach leads to low target site accumulation and the potential risk for systemic side effects. In comparison, topical delivery of protein drugs to the lung via inhalation is deemed to be a more effective approach for lung diseases, as proteins would directly reach the target in the lung while exhibiting poor diffusion into the systemic circulation, leading to higher lung drug retention and efficacy while minimising toxicity to other organs. This review examines the important considerations and challenges in designing an inhaled protein therapeutics for local lung delivery: the choice of inhalation device, structural changes affecting drug deposition in diseased lungs, clearance mechanisms affecting an inhaled protein drug’s lung accumulation, protein stability, and immunogenicity. Possible approaches to overcoming these issues will also be discussed.
Neurological examination: what do psychiatrists need to know?
Authors: Larner Andrew J. , Welch Killian A. , Carson Alan J.
Published: October 2020

Psychiatrists may be daunted by the prospect of undertaking a neurological examination. In this article we briefly review the neurological signs that may be seen in the context of some common neurological disorders of cognition and movement which may present with neurobehavioural symptoms and therefore may be seen initially by psychiatrists. This approach emphasises that neurological examination is not simply an operationalised procedure but an interpretative process. We propose a minimum neurological examination suitable for use by psychiatrists. Many of the signs included are relatively simple to observe or elicit, require no special equipment, and the examination techniques involved are easy to master.
Multiomic Integration of Public Oncology Databases in Bioconductor
Authors: Ramos Marcel , Geistlinger Ludwig , Oh Sehyun , Schiffer Lucas , Azhar Rimsha , Kodali Hanish , de Bruijn Ino , Gao Jianjiong , Carey Vincent J. , Morgan Martin , Waldron Levi
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE

Investigations of the molecular basis for the development, progression, and treatment of cancer increasingly use complementary genomic assays to gather multiomic data, but management and analysis of such data remain complex. The cBioPortal for cancer genomics currently provides multiomic data from > 260 public studies, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data sets, but integration of different data types remains challenging and error prone for computational methods and tools using these resources. Recent advances in data infrastructure within the Bioconductor project enable a novel and powerful approach to creating fully integrated representations of these multiomic, pan-cancer databases.

METHODS

We provide a set of R/Bioconductor packages for working with TCGA legacy data and cBioPortal data, with special considerations for loading time; efficient representations in and out of memory; analysis platform; and an integrative framework, such as MultiAssayExperiment. Large methylation data sets are provided through out-of-memory data representation to provide responsive loading times and analysis capabilities on machines with limited memory.

RESULTS

We developed the curatedTCGAData and cBioPortalData R/Bioconductor packages to provide integrated multiomic data sets from the TCGA legacy database and the cBioPortal web application programming interface using the MultiAssayExperiment data structure. This suite of tools provides coordination of diverse experimental assays with clinicopathological data with minimal data management burden, as demonstrated through several greatly simplified multiomic and pan-cancer analyses.

CONCLUSION

These integrated representations enable analysts and tool developers to apply general statistical and plotting methods to extensive multiomic data through user-friendly commands and documented examples.
Newborn Screening for Congenital Hypothyroidism: the Benefit of Using Differential TSH Cutoffs in a 2-Screen Program
Authors: Caiulo Silvana , Corbetta Carlo , Di Frenna Marianna , Medda Emanuela , De Angelis Simona , Rotondi Daniela , Vincenzi Gaia , de Filippis Tiziana , Patricelli Maria Grazia , Persani Luca , Barera Graziano , Weber Giovanna , Olivieri Antonella , Vigone Maria Cristina
Published: October 2020

Context

Analysis of a 2-screen program for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) was performed using differential dried-blood spot thyrotropin (bTSH) cutoffs of 10 mU/L at first screening (all infants) and 5 mU/L at second screening (selected infants).

Objectives

This work aimed to characterize CH infants identified by the second screening and compare infants with bTSH of 5.0 to 9.9 and 10 mU/L or greater on second screening.

Design and Patients

Maternal and neonatal clinical features were retrospectively analyzed for 119 CH babies detected on the second screen in the Lombardy region of Italy, 2007 to 2014.

Results

Fifty-two (43.7%) of the 119 CH neonates showed bTSH values ranging from 5.0 to 9.9 mU/L at the second screening (low bTSH group) and 67 (56.3%) bTSH of 10.0 mU/L or greater (high bTSH group). The frequency of thyroid dysgenesis and eutopic gland was similar in both groups, as was the frequency of permanent and transient CH. Moreover, a high frequency of extrathyroidal malformations was found in both groups. The percentage of preterm infants (57.7% vs 23.9%, P < .001) and infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (50.0% vs 17.9%, P < .001) was significantly higher in the low vs the high bTSH group. In addition, maternal treatment with glucocorticoids in pregnancy was significantly more frequent in the low bTSH group than in the high bTSH group (11.5% vs 1.5%, P = .042), as well as maternal hypothyroidism and/or goiter (26.9% vs 10.4%, P = .036).

Conclusions

This study has demonstrated that a lower TSH cutoff at the second screening can detect additional cases of CH and that a second bTSH cutoff of 5.0 mU/L is appropriate for identifying preterm newborns and babies with associated risk factors.
Allosterically Coupled Multisite Binding of Testosterone to Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Jayaraj Abhilash , Schwanz Heidi A , Spencer Daniel J , Bhasin Shalender , Hamilton James A , Jayaram B , Goldman Anna L , Krishna Meenakshi , Krishnan Maya , Shah Aashay , Jin Zhendong , Krenzel Eileen , Nair Sashi N , Ramesh Sid , Guo Wen , Wagner Gerhard , Arthanari Haribabu , Peng Liming , Lawney Brian , Jasuja Ravi
Published: October 2020

Human serum albumin (HSA) acts as a carrier for testosterone, other sex hormones, fatty acids, and drugs. However, the dynamics of testosterone’s binding to HSA and the structure of its binding sites remain incompletely understood. Here, we characterize the dynamics of testosterone’s binding to HSA and the stoichiometry and structural location of the binding sites using 2-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D NMR), fluorescence spectroscopy, 4,4′-dianilino-1,1′-binaphthyl-5,5′-disulfonic acid dipotassium salt partitioning, and equilibrium dialysis, complemented by molecular modeling.

2D NMR studies showed that testosterone competitively displaced 18-[13C]-oleic acid from at least 3 known fatty acid binding sites on HSA that also bind many drugs. Binding isotherms of testosterone’s binding to HSA generated using fluorescence spectroscopy and equilibrium dialysis were nonlinear and the apparent dissociation constant varied with different concentrations of testosterone and HSA. The binding isotherms neither conformed to a linear binding model with 1:1 stoichiometry nor to 2 independent binding sites; the binding isotherms were most consistent with 2 or more allosterically coupled binding sites. Molecular dynamics studies revealed that testosterone’s binding to fatty acid binding site 3 on HSA was associated with conformational changes at site 6, indicating that residues in in these 2 distinct binding sites are allosterically coupled.

There are multiple, allosterically coupled binding sites for testosterone on HSA. Testosterone shares these binding sites on HSA with free fatty acids, which could displace testosterone from HSA under various physiological states or disease conditions, affecting its bioavailability.
Institutionalizing Trans* Studies at the University of Arizona
Authors: Stryker Susan
Published: October 2020

This article reports on the successes and challenges of institutionalizing trans* studies at the University of Arizona. It describes the Transgender Studies Faculty Cluster Hire Initiative of 2013–18, efforts to establish a curricular program of some sort in trans studies, barriers to achieving some of the the initiative's early goals, and future prospects for the field's institutionalization at the University of Arizona and elsewhere.
Egg Theory's Early Style
Authors: Lavery Grace
Published: October 2020

This essay contemplates an enduring form of reasoning it titles “egg theory”: the type of reasoning that trans people use, prior to transition, to prove transition's impossibility or fruitlessness. It follows this reasoning in a critical and ironic framing in the work of the novelist and critic Sybil Lamb and then, in a less ironic mode, through some essays of Eve Sedgwick and, more broadly, the tranche of queer theory that her work continues to inspire. Egg theory's hostility to the logic of transition inheres in queer theory's own insistence on universality and virtuality as key aspects of queer politics. The essay concludes by considering, through Freud's “Schreber Case” and Dalí's “Metamorphosis of Narcissus,” alternatives to egg theory for approaching the condition of the egg before it hatches, the trans person before transition.
Non-prostate uptake on 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT: a case of myeloma
Authors: Veerasuri Sowmya , Redman Stewart , Graham Richard , Meehan Chris , Little David
Published: October 2020

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a glycoprotein that is highly expressed in prostate cancer, has been used as a target for molecular radiotherapy as well as imaging. Over the last couple of years, 18F-PSMA gained popularity due to its longer half-life (110 min) compared to gallium 68Ga-PSMA (68 min). This has helped the dissemination beyond large metropolitan centres. In addition, due to the low background activity in the urinary bladder (1.2% injected dose over 2 h compared to 10% injected dose over 2 h for 68Ga), 18F-PSMA helps detect local recurrence or spread to pelvic nodes more readily as lesions are not masked by physiological urinary excretion.

Despite excellent sensitivities of PSMA positron emission tomography modalities, it is noteworthy that PSMA expression is not specific to the prostate. A variety of normal tissues express PSMA with intense uptake noted in salivary glands, lacrimal glands, the liver, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, bladder and renal cortex.

In this case report, we describe an example of non-prostatic PSMA uptake in a patient imaged with 18F-PSMA-1007 positron emission tomography/CT that showed an avid lytic lesion in manubrium. The patient was subsequently proven by biopsy to have myeloma. Our case report illustrates a potential pitfall when imaging patients with 18F PSMA-1007 and adds to the growing body of literature of non-prostatic uptake of PSMA and highlights the need for reporters to be aware of this uptake.
Mild metatropic dysplasia: emphasis on the magnetic resonance imaging of articular cartilage thickening
Authors: Hamabe Fumiko , Edo Hiromi , Yamashita Taro , Matsumoto Hiroshi , Tamada Soichiro , Sumi Koji , Shinmoto Hiroshi
Published: October 2020

Metatropic dysplasia (MD) is a rare skeletal disorder characterized by short stature due to epiphyseal cartilage and growth plate abnormalities. The severity of MD varies from mild to lethal. This disorder is caused by mutations in the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) that encodes calcium-permeable, nonselective cation channels.

A 33-year-old female presented at our hospital with a history of worsening knee pain diagnosed at the previous institution as a case of osteoarthritis. Radiographs of the knee showed epiphyseal irregularity without joint space narrowing. On MRI, fat-suppressed proton density-weighted imaging revealed thickened articular cartilage with a smooth surface and an abnormal signal intensity of the subchondral bone; T1 weighted imaging demonstrated irregularity of the epiphysis. These findings and the familial history (both her children had TRPV4 mutations) led to the suspicion that her condition could be due to mosaicism for TRPV4 mutation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of MRI findings focusing on articular cartilage thickening in a patient with mild MD. Bone dysplasia including MD should be considered in young patients with articular cartilage thickening and subchondral bone irregularities on MRI.
Head motion and perception of discomfort by young children during simulated CBCT examinations
Authors: Spin-Neto Rubens , Hauge Matzen Louise , Hermann Louise , Fuglsig João Marcus de Carvalho e Silva , Wenzel Ann
Published: October 2020

Objectives:

To assess the frequency and characteristics (number, complexity, and distance) of head movements, and the perception of discomfort during simulated CBCT examinations in children, considering units with different patient positioning method and head immobilization device combinations.

Methods:

Forty children (20 boys/20 girls, age range 10–14 years) were video-recorded during simulated CBCT examinations. Children were randomly allocated to a sequence of five CBCT units: Newtom-5G, Orthophos-SL, Cranex-3Dx (patient standing/sitting), and X1. The child scored his/her discomfort perception (visual scale) and the preferred/ill-favored unit. Three observers scored the videos (20% in duplicate): child movement (yes/no), number (<3/≥3/continuous), complexity (uniplanar/multiplanar) and distance (<3 mm/≥3 mm). κ statistics provided intra-/interobserver reproducibility. Severe/extreme motion was defined based on movement characteristics. Chi-square tests assessed the frequency differences of severe/extreme motion among the units, age and operator. Logistic regression analyses with severe/extreme motion as outcome were performed.

Results:

The range of intra- and inter-observer reproducibility for movement observation was 0.78–0.89 and 0.61–0.64, respectively. Between 60% (Newtom-5G) and 100% (X1) of children moved during the examination. Severe/extreme motion was significantly related to unit and age. There was significantly less severe/extreme motion, when the child was in the supine position with a foam headrest as head support. The younger the child, the higher the risk for severe/extreme motion. The majority of the children preferred the unit with the supine position and a foam headrest.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of severe and extreme motion was associated with the unit’s patient positioning method and head immobilization devices combined, and child age.
PAR-TERRA is the main contributor to telomeric repeat-containing RNA transcripts in normal and cancer mouse cells
Authors: Viceconte Nikenza , Loriot Axelle , Lona Abreu Patrícia , Scheibe Marion , Fradera Sola Albert , Butter Falk , De Smet Charles , Azzalin Claus M. , Arnoult Nausica , Decottignies Anabelle
Published: October 2020

Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) molecules play important roles at telomeres, from heterochromatin regulation to telomerase activity control. In human cells, TERRA is transcribed from subtelomeric promoters located on most chromosome ends and associates with telomeres. The origin of mouse TERRA molecules is, however, unclear, as transcription from the pseudoautosomal PAR locus was recently suggested to account for the vast majority of TERRA in embryonic stem cells (ESC). Here, we confirm the production of TERRA from both the chromosome 18q telomere and the PAR locus in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, ESC, and various mouse cancer and immortalized cell lines, and we identify two novel sources of TERRA on mouse chromosome 2 and X. Using various approaches, we show that PAR-TERRA molecules account for the majority of TERRA transcripts, displaying an increase of two to four orders of magnitude compared to the telomeric 18q transcript. Finally, we present a SILAC-based pull-down screen revealing a large overlap between TERRA-interacting proteins in human and mouse cells, including PRC2 complex subunits, chromatin remodeling factors, DNA replication proteins, Aurora kinases, shelterin complex subunits, Bloom helicase, Coilin, and paraspeckle proteins. Hence, despite originating from distinct genomic regions, mouse and human TERRA are likely to play similar functions in cells.
Effect of intensive versus standard anthelminthic treatment on growth and cognition among children living in a high Schistosoma mansoni transmission setting: a study nested within a cluster-randomised trial
Authors: Nampijja Margaret , Lubyayi Lawrence , Tumusiime Josephine , Nabulime Juliet , Kizindo Robert , Kabuubi Prossy , Sanya Richard E. , Kabagenyi Joy , Akurut Hellen , Muhangi Lawrence , Webb Emily L. , Alcock Katie , Elliott Alison M. ,   for the LaVIISWA Trial Team
Published: October 2020

Background: Schistosomiasis and other worm infections have been associated with growth and cognitive impairments; however, whether treatment reverses these effects is uncertain. Moreover, mechanisms linking these infections to cognition are not clear. We aimed to compare growth and cognitive benefits of intensive versus standard anthelminthic treatment in school-aged-children and explore processes that might be involved. We hypothesised that intensive treatment would have greater benefits than standard treatment.

Methods: The study was nested within a cluster-randomised trial of either quarterly single-dose praziquantel of 40mg/kg to treat Schistosoma mansoni plus triple dose albendazole of 400mg (intensive treatment) to treat soil-transmitted worms including Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm and Trichuris trichiura, or annual single-dose praziquantel 40mg/kg plus six-monthly single-dose albendazole 400mg (standard treatment) conducted in the Koome islands in Lake Victoria, Uganda (ISRCTN47196031). Children aged 5-9 years (N=384) were assessed on primary outcomes (height, weight and eight measures of cognitive ability), worm infection, and proposed mediators of worm effects (cytokines, iron status, physical activity) at one year (intensive n=85; standard n=64) and at two years (intensive n=158; standard n=128) of the intervention. Linear regression was used to examine intervention effects on height, weight and cognitive performance. Linear mixed effects models were used to study changes in growth and cognitive performance between the two arms across the two time-points.

Results: Intensive treatment resulted in lower Schistosoma mansoni prevalence than standard treatment (at one year, 41% versus 70%; adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=0.24, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.49; at two years, 39% versus 69%; aOR=0.27; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.43) but there were no significant differences in growth and cognitive outcomes at either time-point. Worms and treatment showed no consistent association with the proposed mediators of worm effects.

Conclusion: Reduction in worm burden may not improve growth and cognitive outcomes in high S. mansoni transmission settings. Possible implications are discussed.
Evolução do excesso de peso em gestantes usuárias da Atenção Primária à Saúde do município de Macaé-RJ entre 2010-2018
Authors: Pires Carolina Da Costa , De Carvalho Mônica Ferôni , Lima Flávia Farias , Monteiro Luana Silva , Sperandio Naiara , Pereira Silvia , Do Carmo Cleber Nascimento , Capelli Jane De Carlos Santana
Published: October 2020

Introdução: O estudo visa investigar a taxa de prevalência e a tendência temporal do excesso de peso em gestantes usuárias da Atenção Primária à Saúde de Macaé, entre 2010 e 2018. Método: Realizou-se estudo quantitativo, de série temporal, com a base de dados do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (Sisvan WEB), de acesso público, referente ao diagnóstico nutricional de gestantes ≥20 anos usuárias da Atenção Primária à Saúde do município de Macaé, no período de 2010 a 2018. Analisaram-se 4.279 registros de gestantes no período de nove anos. As variáveis estudadas foram: ano de coleta e registro dos dados; baixo peso; peso adequado; sobrepeso; obesidade; excesso de peso (sobrepeso e obesidade). A análise de tendência do excesso de peso foi realizada por meio de modelos de regressão linear simples, considerando-se o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: As prevalências do excesso de peso em gestantes foram elevadas e ascendentes: 2010 (40,2%), 2011 (37,5%), 2012 (46,8%), 2013 (48,8%), 2014 (50,9%), 2015 (51,8%), 2016 (54,4%), 2017 (57,6%) e 2018 (55,8%). Em todas as análises, detectou-se a tendência significativa e crescente, podendo-se destacar o desfecho do excesso de peso, que apresentou velocidade de incremento anual (β1=2,35; p-valor<0,001) superior aos demais desfechos analisados em separado. Conclusão: Conclui-se que é elevada e crescente a prevalência do excesso de peso em gestantes usuárias da Atenção Primária à Saúde do município de Macaé no período estudado.
Possibilidades para a mudança do modelo obstétrico hegemônico pelas enfermeiras obstétricas
Authors: Silva Giuliana Fernandes e , Moura Maria Aparecida Vasconcelos , Queiroz Ana Beatriz Azevedo , Pereira Adriana Lenho de Figueiredo , Carvalho Ana Luiza De Oliveira , Netto Leônidas De Albuquerque
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: descrever o uso das tecnologias de cuidado da enfermeira obstétrica qualificada na modalidade de residência e sua relação com a práxis profissional. Método: estudo qualitativo com 13 enfermeiras obstétricas atuantes em duas maternidades públicas do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Dados coletados por entrevista individual, semiestruturada e análise hermenêutica-dialética. Resultados: a transição do modelo intervencionista estrutura-se no cuidado humanizado com a incorporação de um modelo centrado nas boas práticas e nas tecnologias não invasivas de cuidado da enfermeira obstétrica. A práxis da enfermeira obstétrica contribui para a transformação qualitativa deste cenário, com resgate sobre a fisiologia, o fortalecimento de vínculo e empoderamento da mulher, ressignificando o momento do parto. Conclusão: a prática da enfermeira e o uso das tecnologias não invasivas constituem possibilidades para ruptura do modelo hegemônico culturalmente instituído no Brasil, sendo necessária ainda a constituição de um consenso que supere o senso comum.
Estado inmunológico frente a la Hepatitis B del personal sanitario en dos departamentos de salud de la Comunidad Valenciana (España)
Authors: Duro-Torrijos José Luis , Rodríguez-Blanco Noelia , García-Peral Pablo , García-Román Vicente , Boubeta-Lemos Nuria , Martínez-Martínez-Carrasco Esther , Fernández-Granja Marina
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de inmunización frente al virus de la Hepatitis B del personal sanitario, vinculado a los Departamentos de Salud de Torrevieja y Elche-Crevillente, de la Comunidad Valenciana

Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal en todos los trabajadores sanitarios de dos departamentos de Salud. Obtenida la muestra se identificó los niveles de anticuerpos de superficie del virus de la Hepatitis B a través de los resultados serológicos ubicados en las historias clínicas. Se consideró inmunizado a títulos de anti-HBs ≥10mlU/ml. Las variables analizadas fueron categorizadas según: Departamento; Género; Edad (18-34; 35-49; >50años); categoría profesional (facultativos/Enfermería/Otro personal sanitario/Personal no sanitario); Servicio riesgo contagio (Si/No); Inmunidad (≥10mlU/ml / <10mlU/ml / No Dato) y Vacunacion sistemática anti-HBs según fecha nacimiento (Si/No).

Resultados: El personal estudiado ascendió a 2674. Predominó el género femenino 68,8%, el grupo de edad 35-49 años, 52,8%, y la categoría profesional de Enfermería, 32,2%. Un 74,9% de los resultados serológicos identificaron niveles de protección anti-HBs, frente al 11,3% no inmune, y un 13,8% que no disponían de información. Del personal con información serológica (2306), obtuvieron porcentajes de no protección más elevadas la categoría masculina, 17,8%. Los niveles de protección fueron inversamente proporcionales según la variable edad, menor inmunidad a mayor edad. El personal no sanitario y los facultativos arrojaron niveles de protección más bajos, 36,9% y 11,1% respectivamente.

Conclusiones: A pesar de identificarse una inmunidad elevada, el porcentaje de no inmunizados y de ausencia de información inmunológica plantea la necesidad de implementar nuevas estrategias de comunicación dirigidas a este colectivo.
Electro-optic mode-selective switch based on cascaded three-dimensional lithium-niobate waveguide directional couplers
Authors: Zhang Mengruo , Chen Kaixin , Jin Wei , Wu Jieyun , Chiang Kin Seng
Published: October 2020

We propose an electro-optic mode-selective switch based on cascaded three-dimensional lithium-niobate waveguide directional couplers fabricated with a single-step annealed proton-exchange process. To compensate for discrepancies due to uncertainties in the fabrication process, we develop a post-tuning technique to improve the performance of the coupler by means of depositing a layer of titanium oxide (TiO2) onto one of the waveguides of the coupler. By integrating two cascaded dissimilar directional couplers, we experimentally demonstrate switchable (de)multiplexing of the LP01, LP11a, and LP11b modes, where the LP11a mode can be switched at an efficiency over 75% from 1530 nm to 1612 nm with an applied voltage varying between –9 V and +30 V, and the LP11b mode can be switched at an efficiency higher than 90% from 1534 nm to 1577 nm with an applied voltage varying between –21 V to 0 V. The switching times are 230–300 ns. Our proposed waveguide platform could be employed to develop advanced switches for applications in areas where high-speed switching of spatial modes is required, such as reconfigurable mode-division-multiplexing communication.
Absolute angular measurement with optical frequency comb using a dispersive interferometry
Authors: Liang Xu , Lin Jiarui , Wu Tengfei , Yang Linghui , Wang Yu , Liu Yang , Zhu Jigui
Published: October 2020

We have demonstrated a simple method to measure high-precision absolute angular displacement using an optical frequency comb (OFC). The dispersive interferometry with parallel configuration can take advantage of its large non-ambiguity range and achieve absolute angular measurement in a large range. The influence factors of the angle accuracy, including the accuracy of optical path difference, the determination of absolute zero position and the correction of sine arm have been analyzed in detail. The angle comparison is performed with the autocollimator and multi-tooth indexing table. The angle accuracy can reach ±2 arcsec (k=2) in the range of 5°, which represents a good agreement with the Monte Carlo simulation. The proposed approach has potential to be extended to multi-degree-of-freedom measurement with a simple structure in future.
Optical properties of tungsten trioxide, palladium and platinum thin films for functional nanostructures engineering: erratum
Authors: Kulikova Daria P. , Dobronosova Alina A. , Kornienko Vladimir V. , Nechepurenko Igor A. , Baburin Aleksandr S. , Sergeev Evgeny V. , Lotkov Evgeniy S. , Rodionov Ilya A. , Baryshev Alexander V. , Dorofeenko Alexander V.
Published: October 2020

In our recent paper [D. P. Kulikova Opt. Express 28(21), 32049 (2020).10.1364/OE.405403], an early version of Fig. 1 was published. This erratum corrects that error.
Blind source separation with integrated photonics and reduced dimensional statistics
Authors: Ma Philip Y. , Tait Alexander N. , Zhang Weipeng , Karahan Emir Ali , Ferreira de Lima Thomas , Huang Chaoran , Shastri Bhavin J. , Prucnal Paul R.
Published: October 2020

Microwave communications have witnessed an incipient proliferation of multi-antenna and opportunistic technologies in the wake of an ever-growing demand for spectrum resources, while facing increasingly difficult network management over widespread channel interference and heterogeneous wireless broadcasting. Radio frequency (RF) blind source separation (BSS) is a powerful technique for demixing mixtures of unknown signals with minimal assumptions, but relies on frequency dependent RF electronics and prior knowledge of the target frequency band. We propose photonic BSS with unparalleled frequency agility supported by the tremendous bandwidths of photonic channels and devices. Specifically, our approach adopts an RF photonic front-end to process RF signals at various frequency bands within the same array of integrated microring resonators, and implements a novel two-step photonic BSS pipeline to reconstruct source identities from the reduced dimensional statistics of front-end output. We verify the feasibility and robustness of our approach by performing the first proof-of-concept photonic BSS experiments on mixed-over-the-air RF signals across multiple frequency bands. The proposed technique lays the groundwork for further research in interference cancellation, radio communications, and photonic information processing.
Fine features of optical potential well induced by nonlinearity
Authors: Zhou Lei-Ming , Qin Yaqiang , Yang Yuanjie , Jiang Yuqiang
Published: October 2020

Particles trapped by optical tweezers, behaving as mechanical oscillators in an optomechanical system, have found tremendous applications in various disciplines and are still arousing research interest in frontier and fundamental physics. These optically trapped oscillators provide compact particle confinement and strong oscillator stiffness. But these features are limited by the size of the focused light spot of a laser beam, which is typically restricted by the optical diffraction limit. Here, we propose to build an optical potential well with fine features assisted by the nonlinearity of the particle material, which is independent of the optical diffraction limit. We show that the potential well shape can have super-oscillation-like features and a Fano-resonance-like phenomenon, and the width of the optical trap is far below the diffraction limit. A particle with nonlinearity trapped by an ordinary optical beam provides a new platform with a sub-diffraction potential well and can have applications in high-accuracy optical manipulation and high-precision metrology.
Wie IT die Energieflexibilitätsvermarktung von Industrieunternehmen ermöglicht und die Energiewende unterstützt
Authors: Bauer Dennis , Hieronymus Aljoscha , Kaymakci Can , Köberlein Jana , Schimmelpfennig Jens , Wenninger Simon , Zeiser Reinhard
Published: October 2020

Auf dem Weg zur Erreichung der gesetzten Klimaziele in Deutschland muss der Anteil erneuerbarer Energien an der Stromerzeugung stetig ausgebaut werden. Die damit einhergehende zunehmende Fluktuation der Erzeugungsleistung stellt die Stromnetze vor große Herausforderungen. Da knapp 44 % des Strom- und rund ein Viertel des Wärmeverbrauchs in Deutschland auf die Industrie entfällt, bietet diese signifikantes Potenzial, Schwankungen im Stromnetz durch die Anpassung des Stromverbrauchs an das Stromangebot im Sinne von Demand Response mittels Energieflexibilität auszugleichen. Bislang erschwert neben regulatorischen Rahmenbedingungen insbesondere eine fehlende einheitliche Modellierung & Kommunikation von Energieflexibilität sowie deren Einbettung in bestehende Unternehmens-IT-Infrastrukturen eine optimale und automatisierte Vermarktung. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts SynErgie wurden hierfür informationstechnische Anforderungen erhoben, Datenmodelle zur Beschreibung von Energieflexibilität und eine übergeordnete IT-Architektur entwickelt. Mit Hilfe einer unternehmensspezifischen Plattform und einer zentralen Marktplattform kann der Informations- und Kommunikationsfluss von der Maschine/Anlage bis zur Flexibilitätsvermarktung und wieder zurück abgebildet werden. Eine Vielzahl verschiedener Services unterstützt hierbei ein Unternehmen von der Identifikation bis hin zur automatisierten und standardisierten Vermarktung von Energieflexibilität. Durch die Einsatzmöglichkeiten und Wirkansätze von IT wurden Grundsteine für nachhaltigkeitsbezogene Effekte des industriellen Energieverbrauchs gelegt, welche in den kommenden Monaten in einer Modellregion in und um Augsburg mit Industrieunternehmen, Netzbetreibern und weiteren Serviceanbietern getestet werden.
The Lamp of Anaxagoras (Plu., Per. 16.8-9) and its Reception in the Art of the 17th-19th centuries
Authors: Pérez-Jiménez Aurelio
Published: October 2020

In this article I follow the trails wich the famous anecdote of Anaxagoras, Pericles and the lamp (Plu., Per. 16.8-9) has let in European art of the last centuries. I will comment the details of different artistic pieces from the17th century emblematic and from Neoclassical painting and sculpture of the 18th and 19th Centuries, as well as some 19th French ‘pendules’, to put in value the importance that this anecdote has had in European art, due to its didactic strength and to its litterary plasticity.
Four Exegetical Notes on Plutarch’s Dialogue on Love
Authors: Demulder Bram
Published: October 2020

These notes offer interpretations of Plutarch, Dialogue on Love 756D, 764C-D, 764E, and 770A-B.
Academic and Peripatetic Views on Natural and Moderate Passions and a Case of Intertextuality in Plutarch
Authors: Tsouni Georgia
Published: October 2020

An example of intertextuality in Plutarch and Cicero shows the use of a common source stemming from the treatise On Grief of the Academic philosopher Crantor. The use made of this source in both authors reveals a line of reasoning advocating the natural character and utility of certain passions. The advocacy of the natural character of passions is further connected in both Plutarch and Cicero to the normative ideal of ‘moderation of passions’ (metriopatheia) and is contrasted to the Stoic ideal of ‘absence of passions’ (apatheia). This may be further linked to a Plutarchan hermeneutical approach which conflates Academic and Peripatetic ethical views for the sake of constructing an alternative to the Stoic approach towards the elimination of passions. This strategy, which has its starting point in passages in Cicero which draw on Antiochus, is indicative of the way Plutarch connected Platonic and Aristotelian/Peripatetic authority in the domain of ethics in order to answer to Stoic positions in ethics which he found unpalatable.
La agricultura como producto turístico en áreas rurales: Un debate abierto en la literatura
Authors: Ferreira Dora Isabel Rodrigues , Sánchez Martín José Manuel
Published: October 2020

La agricultura, como producto turístico, se basa en una diversidad recursos que permiten múltiples usos, de lo que deriva un enorme potencial de desarrollo para las áreas rurales. Destacan el patrimonio colectivo, el paisaje agrario y el entorno rural, además del rico patrimonio gastronómico donde los productos agroalimentarios y el vino son indisociables de su historia e identidad. La oportunidad de participar en tareas agrícolas y contactar con los agricultores puede ser factible con la puesta en marcha del agroturismo, aunque ese producto no debe desvincularse del entorno rural. Las conclusiones presentadas se basan en un análisis sistemático de la literatura, buscando algunas orientaciones para la realidad de Portugal y España.
El turismo y el agua como ejes de acumulación en Ixtapan de la Sal, México
Authors: Hernández Peñaloza Nadia , Zizumbo Villarreal Lilia , Palafox Muñoz Alejandro , Vargas Martínez Elva Esther
Published: October 2020

En la lógica de expansión y reproducción del capital, los países en vías de desarrollo son insertados en actividades turísticas con la intención de mejorar sus condiciones de vida, sin embargo, esta inserción se realiza mediante la explotación de sus recursos, especialmente los naturales, mismos que son utilizados como mercancía, de manera que pueden ser comercializados y manipulados a favor de la iniciativa privada en colaboración con el Estado. Tal es el caso del municipio de Ixtapan de la Sal, México, donde la población ha sido despojada del recurso agua, concesionada por parte del Gobierno a una empresa particular, que la utiliza para funcionamiento de empresas orientadas al uso turístico y quien se encarga de abastecer a la población, siendo esta organización la más favorecida por el desarrollo de la actividad, esto ha sido posible gracias a las estrechas relaciones que se han construido y fortalecido con el paso de los años con actores clave, con lo cual generan riquezas que solo han beneficiado a particulares, dejando a la población al margen y limitando sus actividades económicas. Pero sobre todo ha delimitado el tipo de turismo que se quiere mantener en el lugar, instaurando una comunidad aislada de la obtención de ganancias, que en otras condiciones pudieron haber obtenido mejores oportunidades de crecimiento económico y de calidad de vida.
Report on the Differential Testing of Static Analyzers
Authors: Horváth Gábor , Kovács Réka Nikolett , Szécsi Péter
Published: October 2020

Program faults, best known as bugs, are practically unavoidable in today's ever growing software systems. One increasingly popular way of eliminating them, besides tests, dynamic analysis, and fuzzing, is using static analysis based bug-finding tools. Such tools are capable of finding surprisingly sophisticated bugs automatically by inspecting the source code. Their analysis is usually both unsound and incomplete, but still very useful in practice, as they can find non-trivial problems in a reasonable time (e.g. within hours, for an industrial project) without human intervention.
Because the problems that static analyzers try to solve are hard, usually intractable, they use various approximations that need to be fine-tuned in order to grant a good user experience (i.e. as many interesting bugs with as few distracting false alarms as possible). For each newly introduced heuristic, this normally happens by performing differential testing of the analyzer on a lot of widely used open source software projects that are known to use related language constructs extensively. In practice, this process is ad hoc, error-prone, poorly reproducible and its results are hard to share.
We present a set of tools that aim to support the work of static analyzer developers by making differential testing easier. Our framework includes tools for automatic test suite selection, automated differential experiments, coverage information of increased granularity, statistics collection, metric calculations, and visualizations, all resulting in a convenient, shareable HTML report.
Raciocínio computacional no ensino de língua inglesa na escola: um relato de experiência na perspectiva BYOD
Authors: Matos Ecivaldo de Souza , Rezende Fábio Correia de
Published: October 2020

O Raciocínio Computacional (RC) é um conjunto de habilidades ou processos cognitivos lógico-operacionais de raciocínio, fundamentadas na Ciência da Computação. Abstração, reconhecimento de padrões, raciocínio algorítmico e decomposição são exemplos de algumas dessas habilidades que formam os quatro pilares do RC. Alguns pesquisadores consideram essas habilidades úteis, e até mesmo fundamentais, para o desenvolvimento cognitivo dos estudantes. Nesse sentido, este relato de experiência tem por objetivo apresentar aspectos práticos e possíveis contribuições do RC no desenvolvimento da competência de leitura e interpretação de textos de diferentes naturezas na disciplina de língua inglesa. Para isso, realizaram-se intervenções didáticas em uma turma do ensino médio de uma escola pública, apoiadas na abordagem Bring Your Own Device ou, simplesmente, BYOD, em que os estudantes usaram seus próprios aparelhos celulares. Durante o desenvolvimento das intervenções, os estudantes construíram mapas conceituais e podcasts, realizarem exercício online e a tradicional prova, os quais compuseram o conjunto de instrumentos avaliativos do bimestre. Por meio dessas intervenções, foi possível identificar como as habilidades do RC estiveram intrinsecamente presentes e contribuíram para o desenvolvimento da competência de leitura e escrita em língua inglesa, elencada pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais. Conforme relatos, além da articulação didática com o RC, a abordagem BYOD proporcionou à professora e aos estudantes novas concepções e perspectivas sobre o uso de equipamentos eletrônicos em função da aprendizagem deles mesmos.
Assistência Farmacêutica na Orientação e Prevenção das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis / Pharmaceutical Assistance in Guiding and Preventing Sexually Transmitted Infections
Authors: Vieira Matheus Da Silva , Coelho José Leonardo Gomes , Neves Samya De Araújo , Teles Herta Gonçalves Parente Pinheiro , Fernandes Elis Augusta Moura Dias , Santana Willma José de
Published: October 2020

As Infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST's) são causadas por vários agentes biológicos e com diversas formas de contaminação. Algumas dessas infecções são assintomáticas podendo se manifestar durante semanas ou até meses, As IST´s demonstram índices significativos presentemente, os indivíduos não estão tomando as devidas precauções, mundialmente a melhor forma de prevenção é o uso da camisinha. Todavia, os profissionais da saúde, principalmente o farmacêutico, estão aptos a sempre auxiliar e orientar a sociedade. O objetivo deste comment é conhecer a assistência farmacêutica em orientação e prevenção aos portadores de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Os critérios de inclusão e exclusão considerados foram: Artigos publicados nos idiomas Português, Inglês e Espanhol, nos anos de 2016 a 2020. Os descritores que foram utilizados para identificar os artigos que fundamentaram esta temática, foram pesquisados na plataforma DeCs: Cuidados farmacêuticos; Infecções sexualmente transmissíveis; Prevenção primária. A assistência farmacêutica se mostra efetiva na promoção do controle das IST’s fornecendo orientações sobre essas patologias, porém, é possível perceber que ainda há um distanciamento da população para a procura desse serviço.