bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple inflammatory hits and the pathogenesis of severe airway disease: Fig. 1—
Authors: Pavord I. D. , Birring S. S. , Berry M. , Green R. H. , Brightling C. E. , Wardlaw A. J.
Published: September 2017

Refractory or difficult-to-control asthma is associated with some clinical and pathological features normally associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), raising the possibility that there are similarities in their pathogenesis. It is suggested that the coexistence of two or more inflammatory stimuli to the airway (multiple hits) is a key factor leading to the development of more severe airway disease. Airway inflammation in response to chronic inflammatory conditions elsewhere may be a particularly important additional inflammatory stimulus. The “multiple hit” hypothesis for the origins of severe airway disease has important implications for treatment and prevention, since identification and removal of additional inflammatory stimuli may delay progression of the underlying airway disease.
Selexipag for the treatment of connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Gaine Sean , Chin Kelly , Coghlan Gerry , Channick Richard , Di Scala Lilla , Galiè Nazzareno , Ghofrani Hossein-Ardeschir , Lang Irene M. , McLaughlin Vallerie , Preiss Ralph , Rubin Lewis J. , Simonneau Gérald , Sitbon Olivier , Tapson Victor F. , Hoeper Marius M.
Published: September 2017

Patients with connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH-CTD) have a poor prognosis compared with other aetiologies. The underlying CTD can influence treatment response and outcomes. We characterised the GRIPHON study PAH-CTD subgroup and evaluated response to selexipag.

Of 334 patients with PAH-CTD, PAH was associated with systemic sclerosis (PAH-SSc) in 170, systemic lupus erythematosus (PAH-SLE) in 82 and mixed CTD/CTD-other in 82. For the primary composite endpoint of morbidity/mortality, hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models.

Compared with the overall GRIPHON population, the CTD subgroup was slightly older with a greater proportion of females and shorter time since diagnosis. Patients with PAH-SSc appeared to be more impaired at baseline, with a more progressive disease course. The converse was observed for PAH-SLE. Selexipag reduced the risk of composite morbidity/mortality events in patients with PAH-CTD by 41% (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.41–0.85). Treatment effect was consistent irrespective of baseline PAH therapy or CTD subtype (interaction p=0.87 and 0.89, respectively). Adverse events were predominately prostacyclin-related and known for selexipag treatment.

GRIPHON has allowed the comprehensive characterisation of patients with PAH-CTD. Selexipag delayed progression of PAH and was well-tolerated among PAH-CTD patients, including those with PAH-SSc and PAH-SLE.
Evaluation of the impact of six different DNA extraction methods for the representation of the microbial community associated with human chronic wound infections using a gel-based DNA profiling method
Authors: Dilhari Ayomi , Sampath Asanga , Gunasekara Chinthika , Fernando Neluka , Weerasekara Deepaka , Sissons Chris , McBain Andrew , Weerasekera Manjula
Published: September 2017

Infected chronic wounds are polymicrobial in nature which include a diverse group of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Majority of these communal microorganisms are difficult to grow in vitro. DNA fingerprinting methods such as polymerase chain reaction-denaturation gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) facilitate the microbial profiling of complex ecosystems including infected chronic wounds. Six different DNA extraction methods were compared for profiling of the microbial community associated with chronic wound infections using PCR-DGGE. Tissue debris obtained from chronic wound ulcers of ten patients were used for DNA extraction. Total nucleic acid was extracted from each specimen using six DNA extraction methods. The yield, purity and quality of DNA was measured and used for PCR amplification targeting V2–V3 region of eubacterial 16S rRNA gene. QIAGEN DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (K method) produced good quality genomic DNA compared to the other five DNA extraction methods and gave a broad diversity of bacterial communities in chronic wounds. Among the five conventional methods, bead beater/phenol–chloroform based DNA extraction method with STES buffer (BP1 method) gave a yield of DNA with a high purity and resulted in a higher DGGE band diversity. Although DNA extraction using heat and NaOH had the lowest purity, DGGE revealed a higher bacterial diversity. The findings suggest that the quality and the yield of genomic DNA are influenced by the DNA extraction protocol, thus a method should be carefully selected in profiling a complex microbial community.
Generalized multiscale finite elements for simulation of elastic-wave propagation in fractured media
Authors: Cho Yongchae , Gibson Richard L. , Vasilyeva Maria , Efendiev Yalchin
Published: September 2017

We applied the generalized multiscale finite-element method (GMsFEM) to simulate seismic wave propagation in fractured media. Fractures are represented explicitly on a fine-scale triangular mesh, and they are incorporated using the linear-slip model. The motivation for applying GMsFEM is that it can reduce computational costs by using basis functions computed from the fine-scale fracture model to simulate propagation on a coarse grid. First, we apply the method to a simple model that has a uniform distribution of parallel fractures. At low frequencies, the results could be predicted using a homogeneous, effective medium, but at higher frequencies, GMsFEM allows simulation of more complex, scattered wavefields generated by the fractures without assuming a specific form of anisotropy. A second, more complex model has two fracture corridors in addition to a few sparsely distributed fractures. Simulations compare scattered wavefields for different acquisition geometries. The third test case represents a vertical section of subsurface structures and is designed to test the influence of fractures on the surface seismic. We compared the fine-scale solution with multiscale solution to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of computations. Given the simulation results of three different test cases, GMsFEM allows a reduction of computation time of approximately 80% compared with a conventional finite-element result computed directly from the fine-scale grid, and it can predict seismic signal variations useful for the interpretation of fracture distributions.
Brain fag syndrome: a culture-bound syndrome that may be approaching extinction
Authors: Ayonrinde Oyedeji A. , Obuaya Chiedu , Adeyemi Solomon Olusola
Published: September 2017

Aims and method

To explore the current salience of ‘brain fag’ as a nosological, diagnostic and clinical construct in modern West African psychiatry. A semi-structured questionnaire and vignette based on classical symptoms of brain fag syndrome were used to explore current knowledge, explanatory models and practice among Nigerian psychiatrists.

Results

Of 102 psychiatrists who responded, 98% recognised the term ‘brain fag syndrome’ and most recognised the scenario presented. However, only 22% made a diagnosis of brain fag syndrome in their practice preferring diagnoses of anxiety, affective and somatic disorders.

Clinical implications

A decreasing number of Nigerian psychiatrists are making a diagnosis of ‘brain fag syndrome’. We found strong evidence of nosological and diagnostic decline in the syndrome in its place of birth. This may signal the early extinction of this disorder or nosological metamorphosis from a ‘culture-bound’ syndrome in West African psychiatric practice.
MCAM contributes to the establishment of cell autonomous polarity in myogenic and chondrogenic differentiation
Authors: Moreno-Fortuny Artal , Bragg Laricia , Cossu Giulio , Roostalu Urmas
Published: September 2017

Cell polarity has a fundamental role in shaping the morphology of cells and growing tissues. Polarity is commonly thought to be established in response to extracellular signals. Here we used a minimal in vitro assay that enabled us to monitor the determination of cell polarity in myogenic and chondrogenic differentiation in the absence of external signalling gradients. We demonstrate that the initiation of cell polarity is regulated by melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM). We found highly polarized localization of MCAM, Moesin (MSN), Scribble (SCRIB) and Van-Gogh-like 2 (VANGL2) at the distal end of elongating myotubes. Knockout of MCAM or elimination of its endocytosis motif does not impair the initiation of myogenesis or myoblast fusion, but prevents myotube elongation. MSN, SCRIB and VANGL2 remain uniformly distributed in MCAM knockout cells. We show that MCAM is also required at early stages of chondrogenic differentiation. In both myogenic and chondrogenic differentiation MCAM knockout leads to transcriptional downregulation of Scrib and enhanced MAP kinase activity. Our data demonstrates the importance of cell autonomous polarity in differentiation.
Analysis of cadets’ anthropometric characteristics
Authors: Pļaviņa Liana , Umbraško Silvija
Published: September 2017

Anthropometric data reflect the quality of life, high working capacities and potentiality of individual creative abilities. The physical working and physical fitness capacities depend on physical health, physical development level, physical activity and healthy lifestyle. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the principal anthropometric characteristics, levels of physical activity and sports tests results in a group of cadets. We assessed the principal anthropometric characteristics (height, body mass) as well the anthropometric indices (body mass index) of cadets of the National Defence Academy in their 1st year of study and in the same group of cadets after three years, in their 4th year of study. We provided a questionnaire for the cadets in the study group concerning their physical activity and analysed the data of the standardized Nordic Questionnaire about Musculoskeletal Symptoms. The average values of the main anthropometric characteristics of the respondents in the 1st year of study were the following: height – 180.4±1.3 cm and body mass – 79.5±1.7 kg. After three years, we fixed the changes of body mass in the examined group: in 53% of cadets, the body mass had increased by more than two kg, but in 47% of respondents, body mass had remained at the same level. The average data in the study group of the 4th year students were: height 181.2±1.3 cm and body mass – 81.3±2.5 kg. Physical fitness is an indispensable part in the daily routine of each cadet. Physical fitness characterizes an individual’s cardiorespiratory status, muscular strength and endurance as well as velocity and coordination. The fitness level of a person determines the results of the annual sports tests (sit-ups, push-ups and cross-country race). The results were stable for 68% of respondents. We also included the questions related to musculoskeletal symptoms (pain). Musculoskeletal pain symptoms have an impact on each individual’s physical fitness level. The physical activity levels in the respondents’ group were high. They were closely associated with physical fitness, 76% of the respondents showed high results in annual physical fitness tests.
Long-term complications evidenced studying the explanted Gore® HELEX® atrial septal defect occluder seven years after implantation: a case report
Authors: Sekretarjovs Jurijs , Kalējs Mārtiņš , Rudzītis Ainārs , Brečs Ivars , Sorokins Hermanis , Skuja Sandra , Stradiņš Pēteris , Groma Valērija
Published: September 2017

We present the results of the first morphological study of a Gore® HELEX® Septal Occluder 30 mm that was explanted seven years after interventional implantation due to a significant left-to-right shunt (7 mm) which resulted from the stretching of the concomitant patent foramen ovale by the occluder after atrial septal defect closure. Complete endothelialization of the surface of the device, the formation of the connective tissue around the implant, minor chronic inflammation, the appearance of foreign body giant cells and weakened myocardial cells adjacent to the implant as well as enhanced expression of matrix metalloproteinases were demonstrated.
Use of waist to hip ratio in the determination of the body composition in preschool children in Latvian population
Authors: Skruze Gundega , Kažoka Dzintra
Published: September 2017

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2008, the waist to hip ratio (WHR) has been suggested superior to the body mass index (BMI) in predicting the cardiovascular disease risk in adults and adolescents. There have been studies about the WHR in preschool children in the populations of Pakistan, Chile and Mexico; and it is not the WHO which recommended it as a routine method in preschool children.The present study includes 85 children (41 girls and 44 boys), aged 5 to 7 years, without any chronic conditions. Body height, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, triceps skinfold, abdominal skinfold and subscapular skinfold were measured. The WHR, the BMI, the sum of three skinfolds and the percentage of body fat (%BF) were calculated.It was found that the WHR decreased with age in girls; there were no specific changes found in the WHR with age in boys. The present study found no correlation in boys or girls between the WHR and the BMI; the WHR and the sum of three skinfolds; the WHR and the percentage of BF. There was also no correlation between the Z-scores of the BMI and Z-scores of the WHR.Conclusions. The WHR is a questionable body composition marker in preschool children in the Latvian population and must be evaluated separately from other body composition markers.
Anthropological study of Sami from the Kola Peninsula (Russia)
Authors: Vasilyev Sergey , Borutskaya Svetlana
Published: September 2017

A study of the Sami burials on the territory of the Kolsky Bay was launched in 1976. All the material dates back to the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century. Collected skulls of 74 males and 51 females were compiled. We have investigated all the available material in the storage skulls. A homogeneity group analysis was conducted.Sami males from the settlement of Yoakanga and Chalmnu-Varre vary by range of facial skeleton forming parameters. Sami females from the settlement Yoakanga and Chalmnu-Varre vary by facial skeleton widths. Based on the characters of lifetime body length and the proportion indexes of extremities, the Sami are the most adaptable to living conditions of the Far North.
Some Questions of Introduction of Federal Financial Accounting Standards in Russian Public Sector
Authors: Марьясин Антон , Mar'yasin Anton
Published: September 2017

Efficiency of asset management highly depends on reliability, completeness and timeliness of information about the items of accounting, received by preparers of financial statements. In this article, some matters of assets initial recognition and subsequent accounting are analysed in their connection with peculiarities of registry accounting of state property items in the Russian Federation public sector.
Justice As the Principal Factor of Privacy in the Professional Activity of the Accountant
Authors: Миславская Н. , Mislavskaya N.
Published: September 2017

The article provides a philosophical and psychological analysis of the underlying causes that trigger the emergence of threats to the basic principles of accounting ethics. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to supplement the content of the current professional ethical code with a new moral and ethical category — the principle of justice.
Representations of Dupin Cyclides
Authors: Сальков Николай , Sal'kov Nikolay
Published: September 2017

We know very little about such an interesting surface as Dupin cyclide. It belongs to channel surfaces, its special cases are tor, conical and cylindrical surfaces of rotation. It is known that Dupin cyclides are the only surfaces whose focal surfaces, that are surfaces consisting of sets of curvatures centers points, have been degenerated in second-order curves. Two sets give two confocal conics. That is why any study of Dupin cyclides is of great interest both scientific and applied. In the works devoted to Dupin cyclide and published in the "Geometry and Graphics" journal, are presented various properties of cyclides, and demonstrated application of these surfaces in various industries, mostly in construction. Based on the cyclides’ properties in 1980s have been developed numerous inventions relating to devices for drawing and having the opportunity to be applied in various geometric constructions with the use of computer technologies. In the present paper have been considered various options for representation of Dupin cyclides on a different basis – from the traditional way using the three given spheres unto the second-order curves. In such a case, if it is possible to represent four cyclides by three spheres, and when cyclide is represented by the second-order curve (konic) and the sphere their number is reduced to two, then in representation of cyclide by the conic and one of two cyclide’s axes a single Dupin cyclide is obtained. The conic itself without any additional parameters represents the single-parameter set of cyclides. Representations of Dupin cyclides by ellipse, hyperbola and parabola have been considered. The work has been sufficiently illustrated.
Optimal Positioning of Pollution Emissions Sources In Problems of Industrial Ecology
Authors: Федосов В. , Fedosov V. , Федосова А. , Fedosova A. , Буитраго О. , Buitrago O.
Published: September 2017

The problem related to the conflict between sources group’s excessive emissions and region’s pollution standards has been considered. It is possible to resolve the conflict by emissions sources efficiencies restrictions or reduction of pollution standards. Both actions lead to economic losses. It has been proposed to ease the conflict by the optimal sources allocation, in comparison with the initial one. The sources’ efficiencies and the region’s standards have been preserved during optimization. The sources emissions were modeling by parabolic functions, thus was solving the geometric problem of optimizing the coordinates for allocation of paraboloids with constant volumes. Different sources coordinates usually lead to a multiextremal function of pollution excess over the region's standards. The optimization problem is reduced to excess function control. The sources coordinates are becoming the control parameter. The numerical integral of the excess function has been defined as optimization criterion. Assuming a unimodal relationship between the criterion and the parameter, the Nelder-Mead procedure has been chosen as an algorithm for multidimensional nonlinear optimization. The optimization criterion’s convinced convergence to zero has been established due to a change on the sources coordinates’ iterations. Numerical experiments have been carried out, in which a high level of conflict (pollution function’s multiple excesses over the standards) has been set by the initial parameters. The region has been divided into 6 regulatory zones with non-standard flexible boundaries. The excess function was generating by 24 sources with different emissions efficiencies. A series of iterations has been performed, at which the conflict level was reduced to 1.32% due to the sources displacement. Such a decrease has required a selective withdrawal of 18 sources out of the region. This withdrawal does not exclude further trans-boundary pollutions emissions into the controlled area. The problems of trans-boundary pollutions transfer have been discussed. Iterations results have been shown in 2D-3D graphics. Having at disposal detailed iterations tapes, including their visualization, a designer is free to choose different input data of the model and to achieve the required conflict level. The presentation of optimization results in numerical and graphical formats is a convenient tool for designing of areas with complex infrastructure.
Prevention and awareness are key
Authors: Neville Sarah
Published: September 2017

Those who work in the foundation stage sector have a duty to teach core British values and what better way to do so than through activities focusing on Fire Safety Week.
Warm, versatile and unravelled
Authors: Francis-Pester Dawn
Published: September 2017

A soft, natural material, wool can be used as the basis for a diverse range of projects. Here we give you the low down on the fabric and suggest ideas for woolly activities.
Latest developments
Authors: Leitch Neil
Published: September 2017

Send your letters, news stories or latest developments to: The Editor, Child Care, St Jude's Church, Dulwich Road, Herne Hill, London, SE24 0PB email: childcare@markallengroup.com
Next steps and planning
Authors: Martland Rebecca
Published: September 2017

Sometimes we use phrases to justify our routine or provision without reflecting on what they mean or where they originate. In this article, we look at one such instance.
Legal spheres of accountability: documentation and healthcare
Authors: Smith Angela , Parkhouse Julia
Published: September 2017

Health professionals are no stranger to paperwork. In this article Angela Smith and Julia Parkhouse explore how and when care providers could end up in court as a result of poor record keeping, and the ways in which they could be held accountable
Fire safety in the care home: a guide to securing compliance
Authors: Guntrip Laura
Published: September 2017

Fire safety in the care home is a concern on many people's minds, including those of the Care Quality Commission. In this article, Laura Guntrip explains how homes can ensure that they are doing everything they can to keep residents safe
DEVELOPMENT OF THE MUNICIPAL NOISE-ABSORBING SCREEN AND TEST SECTION CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Bret Ondřej , Čížková Petra
Published: September 2017

The article presents the development and construction technology of the Municipal noise-absorbing screen (MNAS) – in Czech "Mestská protihluková clona" (MPHC). The Municipal noise-absorbing screen is a new acoustical element developed in cooperation of the Department of Railway Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague and the Montstav CZ s.r.o. Company. It is characterised by very small dimensions – its height is only ca 0.3 metre above the top of rail. The element serves to attenuate the noise induced by rail traffic arising at the wheel-rail contact. The Municipal noise-absorbing screen consists of individual, mutually interlocked units, placed one after another, made of bound recycled rubber. The article describes the major limiting conditions for the placement, shape and execution of the Municipal noise-absorbing screen. It also describes the construction of the test section situated on a tram track in Prague and sums up the experience obtained after the first year of operation.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BEARING CAPACITY OF REINFORCED AND NON-REINFORCED RAILWAY EMBANKMENT
Authors: Jíra Josef , Jírová Jitka , Micka Michal , Řezníčková Jitka
Published: September 2017

A comparative analysis using the programme ANSYS (FEM) deals with the  generation of the computation model and with the assessment of the influence of the geogrids and the vertical lime-cement columns on the bearing capacity and deformation of the railway embankment on the less load-bearing subsoil. The graphic outputs give an overview of the field layout of equivalent stresses and deformation in the construction of the railway substructure.
NETGRAPH – AN EFFICIENT TOOL FOR PERIODIC TIMETABLING AND CAPACITY PLANNING
Authors: Michl Zdeněk , Drábek Michal , Vávra Rudolf
Published: September 2017

A netgraph is a graphical representation of a periodic timetable concept for given spatial or modal scope. It adds a third dimension to the network plan – time. Despite no strictly prescribed rules, a common practice notation has been settled over time. The authors propose an extension of a netgraph for planning of periodic railway capacity and operation, including related notation rules.
ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC EFFECTS ACTING ON RAILWAY CROSSINGS
Authors: Vukušičová Daniela
Published: September 2017

The paper is focused on measurement and analysis of dynamic effects on railway turnouts. Two same-type turnouts with different fastening elasticity were chosen. Attention was focused mainly on the crossing part of the turnout, where the highest dynamic impacts occur. The point of the paper is the assessment of influence of soft rail pads on spread of dynamic energy through the construction.
PHASE ANALYSIS OF NITI WIRE BASED ON SYNCHROTRON 2D X-RAY DIFFRACTION PATTERN IN MATLAB
Authors: Dudr Martin , Šimek Daniel , Drahokoupil Jan
Published: September 2017

This paper deals with simplified phase analysis of 2D diffraction patterns obtained using microfocused X-ray at various places of superelastic NiTi wire under combined load. For this purpose, MATLAB routines and functions were created, which carry out integration of the patterns in various sectors of Debye ring, fitting of the patterns by a mixture of austenite and martensite (having neglected the R-phase) and successive evaluation of the quantitative phase content. The most crucial simplificating assumptions were: the neglection of the R-phase and the assumption of a) fibre texture or b) no texture.
REAL STRUCTURE AND RESIDUAL STRESSES IN ADVANCED WELDS DETERMINED BY X-RAY AND NEUTRON DIFFRACTION
Authors: Trojan Karel , Hervoches Charles , Kolařík Kamil , Ganev Nikolaj , Mikula Pavol , Čapek Jiří
Published: September 2017

The paper outlines the capability of X-ray diffraction (XRD) for evaluation of real structure changes and residual stresses (RS) on cross-section of advanced thick welds due to the welding of ferromagnetic plates. The results of neutron diffraction describe a three-dimensional state of RS and also verify previous assumptions of RS redistribution as a result of the surface preparation for determination 2D maps measured by XRD.
Synthesis and Comparative Study on Intergranular Corrosion Characteristics of Stabilized 5A Grade Cast Duplex Stainless Steel
Authors: Aneesh Kumar P. , Kumaresh Babu S. P. , Shaji Varghese Asish
Published: September 2017

In this paper, stabilization using zirconium and niobium was investigated to reduce the effect of intergranular corrosion (IGC) in 5A grade cast duplex stainless steel. Computational thermodynamic software was used to determine the various heat treatment temperatures according to phase precipitation. Resistance to IGC was investigated by oxalic acid etch test and double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) technique. The surface of the specimens was observed using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry to evaluate the presence of various intermetallic phases prone to IGC. Oxalic acid etch test response has indicated the susceptibility, whereas the DL-EPR test has provided the degree of sensitization. The results revealed that zirconium-stabilized samples are more susceptible to IGC compared to the niobium samples. Earlier formation of niobium compounds led to the reduction of intergranular attack in the niobium-stabilized samples.
Government Policies and Ethnical Diversity Under Multiculturalism: The Study of Pohuwato Regency
Authors: Wantu Sastro M
Published: September 2017

This paper describes the construction of ethnic integration in Pohuwato local government policies which is supported by community under Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversiy) and multiculturalism. This research employed qualitative approach with the aim of tracing and analyzing social harmony from various ethnicities existing in society and government policy Pohuwato Regency. The instruments of the study included data, facts and concepts that were relevant. This study aimed to see the problem of segregation within societies by primordial groups to solve ethnic integration in which ethnic groups are bound together. There are two regional policies (1) controlling inter-ethnic relations and constructing the model of Gorontalo community as an important element of social, cultural and political aspect which uphold openness and tolerance; and (2) using deliberative public space in order to achieve harmonious atmosphere between public (community) with the government in protecting the diversity. Therefore, it can be concluded that ethnic communities residing in Pohuwato Regency are bound to unite by the desire to improve new and better lives between immigrants and local communities. This desire becomes a symbol of unity based on mutual respect for different values to achieve the integration or unity of multicultural ethnic groups.
Bakul: Contribution of Rural Women to Family Economy through Informal Sector Activities
Authors: Arsal Thriwaty , Basri Muhammad , Tono Sumartono
Published: September 2017

Economic contribution of bakul women (small tradeswomen) was manifested in informal sector activities such as merchants, laborers, homeworkers, and family workers. Rural society activities indicated cooperation between men and women. One job conducted by women in informal sector was bakul. The work is a progress for women regarding work division; however, it is also a challenge, especially for children education in the family. Research location was in Gunungpati Subdistrict, Semarang City. The research was conducted using qualitative approach. Research result shows that bakul women worked in informal sector to fulfill economic need of the family because the income from their husband was insufficient to fulfill daily needs thus they tried to look for additional income.  Various types of empowerment for bakul women had been conducted either from the internal of bakul itself or from external. Through the empowerment, they were able to fulfill their daily needs such as to buy clothes, to send their children to school, to buy rice and side dishes, and even to give donation for the provision of basic needs.
The Economic Functions of Cross-Border Activities of Skouw Sae Community, Jayapuraconomic Functions of Cross-Border Activities of Skouw Sae Community, Jayapura
Authors: Usman La
Published: September 2017

This article aims to illustrate the economic functions of cross-border done by Skouw Sae community residents, Muara Tami District, Jayapura City to Wutung Vanimo Village, Papua New Guinea (PNG) using ethnographic approach. This study reveals seven economic functions of cross-border activity. These seven functions include fulfilling the family’s nutritional needs of a long-term food preparation idea system, apprehending the meaning of the land as a source of life, meeting the needs of salvation through protection and defense of religion through purchasing beverages for Christmas and leaving the idea system of Jesus Christ as the source Love, fulfilling the need for relaxation through school vacation activities and inheriting the idea system of the need for a refresher to familiarize the family, meeting the needs of the movement through village leaders’ visits to bring the leaders of the two communities together and inherit the idea system of formal and symbol leaders, meeting the needs of growth through traditional educational activities within the family and inheriting a system of ideas for the necessity of teaching for men. In conclusion, the economic function of cross-border activity is not only done to fulfill basic needs, but also the institutional needs and symbolism of local residents.
Causes and Effects of Online Video Game Playing among Junior-Senior High School Students in Malang East Java
Authors: Eskasasnanda I Dewa Putu
Published: September 2017

Science and technology development causes a lot of changes in any fields including the form of popular games among the Junior and Senior High School students in Indonesia. The traditional games that are famous formerly have been replaced by the modern games like online video game. This article discusses the cause and effect of the online video game playing on the Junior and Senior High Schools students in Malang. This study reveal that students play video games online due to peers pressure; and  online video games are  liked because they are considered more modern, practical, realistic and varied. Initially,  students play online video games to relieve the fatigue due to studying at school, but subsequently, they are becoming addicted, and reach a condition that they find it  difficult to stop playing games. This condition will directly affect their achievement in school.
Memoria Refugio Pavón
Authors: Troncoso Valencia Lorena
Published: September 2017

El Refugio Pavón, de la arquitecta Lorena Troncoso Valencia, ubicado en la comuna de Pinto, región de Ñuble de Chile, se emplaza en una pequeña zona sin árboles en medio del bosque, permitiendo un mayor asoleamiento y una vista destacada del refugio con vegetación frondosa a los costados y un gran murallón de piedra natural en el fondo. Predomina el uso de la madera en todo su  componente arquitectónico creando espacios de una alta calidez.
A vesesejtes daganatok célzott terápiás kezelése, a terápia okozta mellékhatások és ellátásuk
Authors: Nagyiványi Krisztián , Géczi Lajos
Published: September 2017

Abstract:

Until the past decade, therapeutic options for unresectable and/or metastatic renal cell carcinoma were limited. Renal cell carcinoma is generally resistant to conventional chemotherapy, and only a small percentage of patients with renal cell carcinoma benefit from cytokine treatment. Since 2005, the advances in target-based therapy and immunotherapy modalities have created a paradigm shift in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Herein, we review the most up-to-date practices and emerging therapies for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and focus on the threrapy caused side-effects and side-effect management. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(38): 1488–1502.
Vesetranszplantáció utáni szénhidrátanyagcsere-változások és annak hatásai a cardiovascularis rizikóra
Authors: Borda Bernadett , Szederkényi Edit , Hódi Zoltán , Ottlakán Aurél , Szabó Viktor , Lázár György
Published: September 2017

Abstract:

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of deaths after transplantation, with diabetes mellitus being the main risk factor in development. Aim: The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of new onset diabetes mellitus in connection with the cardiovascular risk predicted by the HEART Score. Method: 44 patients were involved in our study; after overview of baseline data, OGTT was performed, followed by patient classification into the following groups: normal, impaired fasting glucose/impaired glucose tolerance, and new onset diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance and kidney function were also assessed. Results: Concerning baseline data, cold ischemic time (p = 0.016), body weight (p = 0.035), BMI (p = 0.025), and HbA1C (p = 0.0024) proved to be significantly different between normal and diabetic patients. Significant difference was found based on HOMA IR between the two groups 1.69±0.51 vs 6.46±1.42; p = 0.0017). Based on the HEART Score, patients with new onset diabetes mellitus were put into Group 3, which also reflects the risk which diabetes carries for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk can be decreased with increased allograft survival by early diagnosis and management of diabetes. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(38): 1512–1516.
THE NEW GENOME VARIANTS IN RUSSIAN CHILDREN WITH GENETICALLY DETERMINED CARDIOMYOPATHIES REVEALED WITH MASSIVE PARALLEL SEQUENCING
Authors: Savostyanov K. V. , Namazova-Baranova L. S. , Basargina E. N. , Vashakmadze N. D. , Zhurkova N. V. , Pushkov A. A. , Zhanin I. S. , Sdvigova N. А. , Lukanina V. Yu. , Nikitin A.
Published: September 2017

Background: Cardiomyopathies in children are serious, continuously progressing myocardium diseases which are characterized by a variety of the causes, symptoms, implications, and high lethality. More than 400 genes that can cause hereditary heart and vessels diseases are described in scientific literature. The application of a high-performance method of massive parallel sequencing allows to conduct the investigation of genome extended targeted areas revealing the variants and analyzing them (bioinformatics) for pathogenicity.Aims: Identification of a genetic etiology of hereditary cardiomyopathies development in children’s population of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods: The research included 103 patients with various phenotypes of cardiomyopathies aged from 3 months up to 17 years 9 months who at the moment of examination were observed in the cardiology department and the department of recovery treatment with cardiovascular diseases in the NMRCCH. All patients were performed massive parallel sequencing analyzing the targeted areas of 404 genes which mutations lead to the development of heart and vessels hereditary diseases.Results: The diagnostic algorithm based on the method of a massive parallel sequencing was developed. 176 258 minor options were identified in the explored target areas of genome of 103 patients. An average number of the revealed nucleotide replacements different from the reference sequence was 1711. We observed that about 40% of all variants founded by our means were found in MYH7, MYBPC3, TTN, MYH6, SCN5A, DSC2 and TPM1 genes. Bioinformatics analysis allowed revealing 68 novel genome variants associated with cardiomyopathy development. The reliable association of carriage of pathogenic option in MYBPC3 gene with development of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the Russian children was found.Conclusions: The application of the offered algorithm allowed establishing laboratory diagnoses to 99 (96.1%) patients out from 103 investigated subjects including the syndromal and non-syndromal forms of heart and vessels hereditary diseases which showed a cardiomyopathy phenotype.
Introduction of a near peer surgical tutor program for final year medical students
Authors: Tse Justin C. , Tey Corinne C. , Sanders Lauren M.
Published: September 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended.
Mechanical circulation support of the treatment for children with end-stage chronic heart failure
Authors: Gautier S. V. , Itkin G. P. , Dmitrieva O. Yu. , Kozlov V. A.
Published: September 2017

Over the last decades mechanical circulation support has become one of the most effective treatment methods for patients with terminal heart failure. Unfortunately, in pediatrics this method is generally used on a short-term basis and includes, first of all, extracorporeal membranous oxygenation and left ventricular bypass by means of the extracorporeal centrifugal pumps. Nevertheless, using of these methods in children allowed considerably reducing mortality on the waiting list for heart transplant. Today, practically the only method of long term mechanical circulatory support in newborns and children at an early age being used is the system of paracorporeal artificial ventricles EXCOR, the usage of which results in larger problems of thrombosis. There is little clinical experience in using of the fully implanted systems developed for adults in older children. Therefore, as shown in the present review, the problem of creating long term circulatory support systems for newborns and younger children on the basis of the implanted pumps continues to be relevant.
Resilience processes in sexually abused adolescent girls: A scoping review of the literature
Authors: Haffejee Sadiyya , Theron Linda
Published: September 2017

Childhood sexual abuse is often associated with a number of deleterious psychological and behavioural outcomes for survivors. However, some research suggests that this impact is variable and that some survivors adapt positively. An ability to adapt positively to adversity, under any circumstances, has been termed resilience. Drawing on a socio-ecological understanding of resilience, the aim of this scoping review was to comprehensively map existing empirical studies on resilience processes in sexually abused adolescent girls and to summarise emerging resilience-enabling factors. We also considered the implications of the findings for practice and research. A total of 11 articles met the criteria for inclusion in the review. Findings from these studies suggest that internal factors (meaning making, optimistic future orientation, agency and mastery) and contextual factors (supportive family, social and educational environments) function interdependently to enable resilience in sexually abused adolescent girls. Practitioners should leverage these complementary and interdependent resilience-enabling mechanisms by encouraging greater involvement of girls in the planning of interventions and by assisting girls in developing meaningful narratives about their abuse experiences. Interventions should also encourage greater involvement from supportive structures, while challenging social and cultural norms that inhibit resilience. Resilience researchers should be cognisant of the paucity of research focusing on resilience processes in sexually abused adolescent girls as well as the absence of innovative, participatory methods of data collection.

Significance: 

The review adds to a body of literature on resilience processes with implications for resilience researchers.
The findings have implications for a range of practitioners (psychologists, social workers, teachers etc.) who work with sexually abused girls.
Automatisierte Abnahme gravimetrischer Dosiersysteme
Authors: Aufderheide Dominik , Rodriguez Marco Antonio , Schwung Andreas , Di Matteo Luigi
Published: September 2017

Aufgrund der Notwendigkeit, die Qualität der Herstellung und Installation eines gravimetrischen Dosiersystems für Schüttgüter zu verbessern, wurde ein automatisches Testsystem entwickelt, das auf Basis einer Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL)-Simulation in der Lage ist, die notwendige Werksabnahme des gesamten Systems durchzuführen. Das im Beitrag beschriebene Testsystem besteht im Wesentlichen aus einer Echtzeit-HiL-Simulation und den notwendigen Schnittstellen auf Basis von Standardkomponenten, einer Benutzerschnittstelle zur Definition der Testroutinen und einer Verifikationsmaschine (verification engine) für die selbsttätige Datensammlung und nachgelagerte Validierung und Protokollierung. Auch wenn die Applikation derzeit noch im Rahmen von Tests weiter evaluiert wird, konnte bereits gezeigt werden, dass das vorliegende Testsystem und die zugrundeliegende Architektur in der Lage sind, die notwendigen Testprozeduren vollständig durchzuführen; eine gewählte modulare Struktur garantiert die notwendige Erweiterbarkeit für andere Applikationen.
Nutzung der Redundanz eines 7-DOF Leichtbauroboters
Authors: Husmann Sonja , Kolditz Melanie , Albin Thivaharan , Abel Dirk
Published: September 2017

Der Einsatz des Kuka-Leichtbauroboters in der Rehabilitation von Schlaganfallpatienten ist Gegenstand eines Forschungsprojekts mit interdisziplinärem Konsortium aus Industrie, Klinik und Universität. Der Vorteil dieses Roboters ist, dass sich seine zusätzliche siebte Achse dazu nutzen lässt, die Stellung des Roboterarms auf unterschiedliche Vorgaben zu optimieren. Im Beitrag wird eine intuitive Methode zur Auflösung der Redundanz des Roboters unter Verwendung von Starrkörpermodellen von Mensch und Roboter in OpenSim präsentiert. Dafür müssen die Bewegungen des Menschen und des Leichtbauroboters als zeitliche Verläufe der Position von optischen Markern dargestellt werden. Zur Auflösung der Redundanz wird ein zusätzlicher virtueller Marker am Roboter definiert, über dessen Position der Roboter in eine bestimmte Richtung gezogen werden kann. Der vorgestellte modellbasierte Ansatz ist einfach und intuitiv auf andere Anwendungen der Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration übertragbar, da die eigentliche Aufgabe in einem Modell im kartesischen Raum definiert und die Redundanz durch die Platzierung eines einzigen virtuellen Markers aufgelöst werden kann.
O Trágico no Canto XXII da Ilíada
Authors: Marques Júnior Milton
Published: September 2017

A nossa intenção nesse artigo é mostrar, de modo claro, mais do que uma ou outra ação trágica, um núcleo trágico desenvolvido por Homero, que possa justificar ainda mais a importância do poeta da Ilíada e da Odisseia, na base do gênero dramático. Estes núcleos podem ser exemplificados com o combate Ajax-Heitor, no Canto VII da Ilíada, transformado por Sófocles, na tragédia Ajax; na Odisseia, Canto XI, na ocasião do encontro de Odisseu com a alma de Agamêmnon, no Hades, seguramente o ponto de partida de Ésquilo para a sua trilogia Oresteia. Porém, é no Canto XXII da Ilíada que conseguimos ver a primeira formulação do espetáculo da tragédia, com todos os seus componentes, inclusive a encenação, quando do enfrentamento entre Aquiles e Heitor.
As faces da morte no Mediterrâneo romano: uma análise da narrativa Metamorphoseon de Apuleio (século II d.C.)
Authors: Omena Luciane Munhoz de , Gomes Erick Messias Costa Otto
Published: September 2017

Nesse artigo discutiremos as representações da morte no Mediterrâneo romano a partir da Metamorphoseon de Lúcio Apuleio. Para tanto, traçaremos algumas reflexões críticas acerca dos rituais mortuários, pois, tal como entendemos, os funerais transformavam-se em espetáculos de poder em todo o Império Romano. Torna-se, então, relevante compreender a procissão funerária e seu desenrolar no espaço urbano, um vez que, juntamente com seus integrantes, os símbolos e as insígnias incorporavam um cerimonial teatralizado na sociedade, que colocava em cena o morto na estrutura de poder e em sua posição nas gerações da família.
O sábio Apolônio de Tiana na cidade de Alexandria: a visão do sofista grego Filóstrato sobre a capital da província romana do Egito (século III d.C.)
Authors: Silva Semíramis Corsi
Published: September 2017

Este artigo objetiva interpretar passagens do livro V da obra de natureza biográfica Vida de Apolônio de Tiana, escrita pelo sofista grego Flávio Filóstrato em meados do século III d.C. Visamos, com isso, a mostrar como um sofista grego, inserido nas estruturas de poder do Império Romano na época da dinastia dos Severos, percebia a cidade de Alexandria nas relações estabelecidas por seu personagem, o sábio viajante Apolônio, em passagem por esse espaço. Além disso, pretendemos analisar a possibilidade da viagem para Alexandria ter sido real ou uma criação do sofista, refletindo sobre a ótica e os possíveis anseios de Filóstrato.
A construção da ortodoxia cristã no Império Romano da Antiguidade Tardia
Authors: Silva Eliton Almeida da
Published: September 2017

Resenha de PAPA, Helena Amália. A contenda entre Basílio de Cesareia e Eunômio de Cízico (séc. IV d.C): uma análise político-religiosa. São Paulo: Annablume, 2013, 218 p.
Apresentação
Authors: Zardini Thiago Brandão
Published: September 2017

Apresentação
A escrita da História da Lusitânia romana hoje: métodos, documentos e conceitos
Authors: Bina Tatiana
Published: September 2017

Resenha de LE ROUX, P. Os territórios romanos de Portugal no Alto Império. Revista do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia da USP, suplemento 19, 2015.
Arqueologia e ritual: lugares de devoção na Palestina romana
Authors: Bastos Marcio Teixeira
Published: September 2017

O presente artigo analisa o material cerâmico (lucernas) de três contextos arqueológicos definidos: Cesareia Marítima, Apolônia e Cesareia de Filipe face às práticas rituais constatadas nestes sítios durante o período de dominação romana na Palestina. Considera as hegemonias e as mudanças sistêmicas diante das novas significações, ritos e lugares de devoção na Palestina Romana.