bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A small scale circadian rhythm research for learning new vocabulary items
Authors: Deli Zsolt Pál
Published: November 2020

It is assumed that there is a more or less optimal time during the day for learning new school material, which can vary for different people. It is known that circadian rhythm and certain physiological functions in the human body are closely interconnected. Similarly, according to earlier research, morning and evening personality types can be correlated with certain personality factors. The purpose of the study is to investigate the optimal vocabulary learning habits of two different groups of learners, the early risers or the larks (L) and those who normally get up late and work late, the owls (O). A small scale experiment was conducted to investigate and analyze the best optimal time and the least optimal time that can potentially influence success at learning new vocabulary items. The research questions were aimed at discovering the most effective learning hours for both the owls and the larks. A shorter version of the Munich Chrono Type Questionnaire (MCTQ) was administered to potential participants. Then learning sessions were organized for both groups with the memorization of new vocabulary items followed by tests. It is a small-scale research, and long term implications cannot be drawn without further research. Since the results are somewhat contradictory to earlier findings; more emphasis should be given to this area of research. The results are promising for developing learning strategies; however, further research is needed to acquire more reliable findings. Examining the circadian rhythm of learners has important future implications in foreign language learning and teaching.
A politika nyelvének pragmatikai sajátosságai
Authors: Jakusné Harnos Éva
Published: November 2020

A cikk a politika nyelvének társadalmi funkcióiból kiindulva felvázolja annak rétegződését és rámutat a befolyásolás eszközeinek minden rétegben kimutatható szerepére. Röviden áttekinti a politika nyelvének többnyire pragmatikai alapú elemzési módszereit a modern, interdiszciplináris politikai diskurzuselemzésig. Hangsúlyozza a médiában megjelenő politikai kommunikációban szereplő politikai szakszavak, illetve fogalmak eltérő nyelvhasználók általi eltérő értelmezését. A politika nyelvét a nyelvi tervezés szempontjából vizsgálja, példaként elemezve az Európai Unió két, fordításra szakosodott honlapjának a működését.
Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Deteksi Tanda Bahaya Kehamilan dan Persalinan
Authors: Astuti Dyah Puji , Mutoharoh Siti , Indrayani Eni , Setyaningsih Endah
Published: November 2020

Abstrak. Prioritas pembangunan kesehatan di Indonesia pada upaya peningkatan kesehatan ibu anak, dan percepatan penurunan angka mortalitas ibu. Kematian ibu dapat terjadi akibat komplikasi yang tidak diketahui sehingga pengetahuan mengenai bahaya selama kehamilan dan persalinan sangat penting bagi ibu hamil. Pengetahuan yang baik menjadi syarat utama mengenali tanda bahaya sejak dini sehingga terjadinya komplikasi yang berat akan dapat dicegah secara optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini melihat pengaruh pendidikan kelas ibu dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan deteksi dini bahaya kehamilan dan persalinan. Metode penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen post test only control Group. Rancangan ini menggunakan satu kelompok perlakuan. Pertama-tama dilakukan pengukuran kemudian dilakukan treatment berupa pendidikan kesehatan selama 3 kali dan diukur kembali hasil akhirnya. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 37 ibu hamil di Puskesmas Kuwarasan. Hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa setelah diberikan treatment secara statistic hasilnya signifikan, pengetahuan semakin baik setelah diberikan treatmen antara kelompok pretest dan postes hasilnya semua pengetahuannya semakin baik sebanyak 26 responden 70,3%, sedangkan yang hasilnya tidak ada perubahan setelah diberikan treatmen antara pretes dan postes sejumlah 9 responden 24,3% dengan  hasil nilai pvalue <0.001. Kata kunci; deteksi dini, tanda bahaya, kehamilan, persalinan, pendidikan kesehatan Health Education On The Level Of Knowledge About Detection Of Hazard Marks Of Pregnancy And Labor Abstract. The priority of health development in Indonesia is on efforts to improve maternal child health, and accelerate the reduction in maternal mortality. Maternal deaths can occur due to unknown complications so knowledge of the dangers during pregnancy and childbirth is very important for pregnant women. Good knowledge is the main requirement to recognize danger signs early on so that the occurrence of severe complications will be prevented optimally. The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of maternal classroom education in increasing knowledge of early detection of the dangers of pregnancy and childbirth. The research method uses a quasi experimental test only control group. This design uses one treatment group. First the measurements are taken then treatment is done in the form of health education for 3 times and the final result is measured again. The number of research subjects were 37 pregnant women in the Kuwarasan Community Health Center. The results of the research showed that after being given statistically significant results, the better knowledge after being given treatments between the pretest and posttest groups results in all the better knowledge of 26 respondents 70.3%, while for the results there was no change after being given a treatment between pretest and posttest 9 respondents 24.3% with the pvalue value <0.001. Keywords  : early detection, danger sign, pregnancy, childbirth, health education
To Study Microbial Fuel Cell with its Recent Developments
Authors: Sangle Jyoti , Warde Anshuli , Mehta Shakshi , Alesa Srushti
Published: November 2020

Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are the special devices which are been used to produce electricity by anaerobic fermentation of organic as well as inorganic matter from easily metabolized biomass to complex wastewater using microbes as biocatalysts. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a bio-electrochemical catalytic activity of microbes to produce electricity from the oxidation of organic, substrates under natural condition. There is an increasing interest in photosynthetic MFCs designed to harness Earth's most abundant and promising energy source. Despite their MFCs havent yet successfully translated into commercial applications because they demonstrate persistent performance limitations and bottlenecks associated with scaling up. micro scale MFCs have received attention as a singular platform for various applications like powering small portable electronic elements in remote locations, fundamental studies of microorganisms, screening bacterial strains, toxicity detection in water. MFC is a great technology which can be used in the Modern World for generation of electricity and concomitant wastewater treatmentt.
Pengaruh Pengaruh Pemberian Cairan Hangat Peroral Sebelum Latihan Batuk Efektif Dalam Upaya Pengeluaran Sputum Pasien COPD
Authors: Marwansyah Marwansyah Marwansyah
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang : Beberapa pasien sering mengalami kesulitan dalam mengeluarkan sputum walaupun sudah dilakukan latihan batuk efektif karena sputum yang berada pada jalan napas lengket dan kental sehingga menyebabkan pasien terstimulasi untuk terus batuk. Tujuan penelitian  ingin mengetahui pengaruh pemberian cairan hangat peroral sebelum latihan batuk efektif dalam upaya kemampuan pengeluaran sputum pasien COPD di rumah sakit.

Metode penelitian : Jenis penelitian Quasi eksperimen, rancangan One Group Pra-Post Test Design.  Menggunakan teknik Accidental sampling. Data dianalisis dengan uji Paire t-test.

Hasil : Rata-rata volume sputum yang dikeluarkan sebelum pemberian cairan hangat peroral pada pasien COPD adalah 1,81 ml, rata-rata volume sputum yang dikeluarkan sesudah pemberian cairan hangat peroral pada pasien COPD adalah 2,32 ml, hasil uji statistik Pair t test menunjukkan  nilai signifikan 0,009 (p<0,05), terdapat perbedaan volume sputum yang bermakna antara sebelum pemberian cairan hangat peroral dengan sesudah pemberian cairan hangat peroral pasien COPD.

Kesimpulan: Pemberian cairan hangat peroral sebelum latihan batuk efektif dapat membantu meningkatkan sekresi sputum sehingga penelitian ini dapat menjadi bahan acuan untuk sumber informasi, alternatif terapi nonfarmakologis yang mudah dan ekonomis untuk kelancaran jalan nafas serta mencegah akumulasi sekret berlebih pada  pasien COPD.
HUBUNGAN SELF-EFFICACY DENGAN PENATALAKSANAAN PENCEGAHAN KEKAMBUHAN HIPERTENSI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS MARTAPURA II, KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Wardhani Annalia , Maria Insana , Murdiany Anna Noor
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang: Self Efficacy dibutuhkan bagi para penderita hipertensi untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan melalui keyakinan dalam menjalankan perawatan diri. Penderita hipertensi yang memiliki self efficacy baik dapat menghasilkan manfaat dalam penanganan hipertensi contohnya kepatuhan dalam mengonsumsi obat antihipertensi untuk mencegah kekambuhan hipertensi.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan Self-Efficacy dengan penatalaksanaan pencegahan kekambuhan hipertensi.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan desain penelitian korelasi dengan teknik purposive sampling, dengan jumlah populasi 1627 dan sampel 94 orang.

Hasil penelitian menyatakan didapatkan tingkat kemaknaan ρ=0,000, a=£ 0,05 (r=0,000<0,05) yang berarti H0 gagal diterima, artinya ada hubungan yang signifikan antara Self Efficacy Dengan Penatalaksanaan Pencegahan Kekambuhan Hipertensi Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Martapura 2 Tahun 2019.

Saran: Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu pasien agar  lebih menyadari penyakit hipertensi yang diderita dan segera memeriksakan diri ke pelayanan kesehatan terdekat serta meningkatkan self efficacy dan berperan secara aktif untuk melaksanakan pencegahan kekambuhan hipertensi.
PENGARUH PROMOSI KESEHATAN BERBASIS FAMILY CENTERED NURSING TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN KELUARGA MENGELOLA DIET HIPERTENSI LANSIA
Authors: Er Unja Ermeisi , Nurachmah Elly , Syafwani Syafwani
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang:Angka prevalensi hipertensi di Kalimantan Selatan yang meningkat dari tahun sebelumnya memberikan kekhawatiran tersendiri. Tercatat penderita hipertensi di Kota Banjarmasin pada tahun 2018 dengan kasus baru pada usia >60 Tahun berjumlah 6.992 kasus. Gaya hidup  seperti diet hipertensi yang salah menjadi salah satu faktor risiko yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh promosi kesehatan dengan pendekatan Family Centered Nursing dalam kemandirian keluarga mengelola diet Hipertensi pada Lansia.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan Desain Quasy Experimental dengan Control Group Pre-Post Test Design. Sampel sebanyak 40 orang dipilih secara purposive sampling yang terbagi dalam  kelompok intervensi dan kelompok control. Kegiatan Health Promotion dilakukan sebanyak empat kali kunjungan per minggu. Penelitian dilakukan pada wilayah Sungai Jingah Banjarmasin

Hasil: Didapatkan hasil bahwa karakteristik responden, usia kisaran 19-40 tahun, pendidikan SMA (80%) dan mayoritas responden sudah bekerja (55%).  Terjadi peningkatan rerata pengetahuan 32,91, sikap 37,5, dan perilaku 38.5 pada kelompok setelah intervensi dilakukan, Sedangkan kelompok control tidak mengalami perubahan. Nilai  p value > 0,05 sehingga terdapat pengaruh Promosi kesehatan berbasis Family Centered Nursing terhadap kemandirian keluarga dalam memodifikasi diet hipertensi.

Kesimpulan : Pelaksanaan Health Promotion dengan pendekatan keluarga dapat dijadikan salah satu metode alternatif yang dapat dikembangkan untuk pelaksanaan edukasi keperawatan dimasyarakat.

 

Kata Kunci: Health Promotion, Keluarga, Diet Hipertensi
“SOFT POWER 2.0.”: TECHNOLOGY OF 21ST CENTURY DIPLOMACY
Authors: Morozova N.M.
Published: November 2020

The intensive development of information technologies has contributed to the transformation of strategies, technologies, and methods for the implementation of foreign policy courses of states and the achievement of their diplomatic goals. The diplomatic technologies have expanded to include both classical diplomacy and digital technologies. This article analyzes the features of “soft power 2.0” as an instrument of modern diplomacy. “Soft power 2.0.” is considered by the author as a modiﬁ cation of the traditional “soft power” strategy, integrating “persuasion technologies” with information and communication resources. As practice shows, digital services, programs, algorithms can use the actions of users of social networks and imperceptibly, gently control them, forming their preferences.
DIGITALIZATION OF THE TAX ACCOUNTING SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF INTEGRATION AND MODERNIZATION OF THE ECONOMY
Authors: Yusupov U.B.
Published: November 2020

The article reviews the development of the tax accounting system in the conditions of integration, modernization and digitalization of the economy. The history of the formation of national accounting systems shows that at a certain stage of economic development, all States are faced with the distribution of the interests of the state and the owner, as well as the distribution of various ﬁ nancial, tax and management reports. The rational accounting requirement determines the feasibility of its organization as a uniﬁ ed accounting information system based on integration into the organization and eﬀ ective relations of various types of accounting. In deﬁ ning the communication interaction of ﬁ nancial and tax statements as a subsystem of the corporate accounting system, it should ensure the relative independence of the organization of the accounting process from a certain type of reporting.
CAN ELECTIONS ENSURE REPRESENTATIVE AND ACCOUNTABLE GOVERNMENT? THEORETICAL MODELING
Authors: Kononenko O.S.
Published: November 2020

The article consists of discourse if elections can be the only part of ensuring of democratic order. The author is analyzing the concepts of electoral representation and electoral accountability and comparing their ideal and real embodiments. The main part of the work is theoretic model with which the author is trying to predict the behavior of an incumbent and to make some crucial notes about abilities of elections to ensure representation and accountability. The crucial conclusion is that elections cannot be the only tool to keep the government representative and accountable and should be supplemented by other democratic instruments. Although the evidences are theoretical, the conclusions can be applied practically.
Guest Editorial: State Violence - Practices and Responses.
Authors: Fattore Tobia , Gleeson Kate
Published: November 2020

The collection of articles in this special issue highlights the benefits of interdisciplinarity for understanding the complexities of state violence. The authors include legal and political scholars, criminologists, historians, social workers, sociologists, anthropologists and literary theorists, who, by adapting their disciplinary lenses and international perspectives have provided a fulsome understanding of modes of state violence, its effects on citizens and communities, and ways in which civil society and state instrumentalities may aim to prevent, respond to and seek redress and remedies for the injuries inflicted by the state in this threshold year of 2020.
Expression changes and clinical significance of TLR-4 and IL-1β in serum and knee joint fluid of patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Mao Honggang , Zhu Yanli , Liu Yan , Liu Guodong , Zhang Fei
Published: November 2020

Objective: To investigate the expression changes and clinical significance of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the serum and knee joint fluid in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Methods: From June 2017 to December 2018, 220 cases of patients with KOA who were admitted in Department of Orthopedics of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University (“our hospital” for short) were selected as the observation group. According to the severity of KOA, they were divided into the mild subgroup (n = 98), the moderate subgroup (n = 80) and the severe subgroup (n = 42). In addition, 60 cases of volunteers who received the physical examination in Health Medical Center of our hospital were selected as the control group. The levels of TLR-4 and IL-1β in the serum and knee joint fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in order to analyze the correlation of TLR-4 and IL-1β levels with the severity of KOA.Results: The levels of TLR-4 and IL-1β in the serum and knee joint fluid of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all p < .05). The levels of TLR-4 and IL-1β in the serum and knee joint fluid of the severe subgroup were significantly higher than those of the mild subgroup and the moderate subgroup, and the levels of TLR-4 and IL-1β in the serum and knee joint fluid of the moderate subgroup were higher than those of the mild group. The differences were statistically significant (all p < .05). The levels of TLR-4 and IL-1β in the serum and knee joint fluid were positively correlated to the severity of KOA (r = .706, .729, .741, .715, all p < .05); in the serum, the level of TLR-4 was positively correlated to the level of IL-1 (r = .720, p < .05); in the joint fluid, the level of TLR-4 was positively correlated to the level of IL-1 (r = .736, p < .05).Conclusions: The levels of TLR-4 and IL-1β in the serum and knee joint fluid of KOA patients are abnormally increased, which is closely related with the severity of KOA. It can be used for clinical prediction, diagnosis and treatment of KOA.
Bankruptcy Prediction: A Model Based on Cash Flow Ratios: Evidence From Selected European Countries
Authors: Rizzo Lorenzo , Valentinuz Giorgio , Obratil Dario , Pediroda Valentino
Published: November 2020

The importance of assessing the financial distress risk of a company is a topic that has been of central value in many different economic fields and since a long time. Until the twenty-first century, most of the studies were concentrated primarily on using mathematical and statistical methods to assess the health of businesses. Many of these studies employed either accounting-based ratios or cash flow-based ratios; even if there is not a unique conclusion, the use of cash flows seems to improve the predictive capacity of the models significantly. Especially in the last twenty-five years, methods derived from different fields started to be applied in forecasting corporate failures, such as artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, and fuzzy logic.The objective of this study was to test the goodness of the discriminatory power of ratios based only on cash flows using a model that employs genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic. Five countries (Germany, Spain, France, Great Britain, Italy) and five Nace macro sectors (Agriculture, Industry, Services, Construction, Commerce and Food) have been considered in the analysis for a total of around 719-thousand companies. The model has proven to be well-performing on most of the countries and sectors that have been tested. The results obtained are almost all adequate; in particular, in Germany and Spain, results have been particularly good.The main weaknesses of this work are the limited availability of financial data in some countries and the time delay from the reporting of financial statement to the availability of the data through web services. It means that a large-scale risk assessment requires – being useful for the public and the private sectors – greater and faster disclosure of information at European level, and standardization of financial information transparency among countries.
Errors Analysis of Spelling Among University Students of English in Jordan: An Analytical Study
Authors: Al-Saudi Jibrel H.
Published: November 2020

This paper aims at investigating the spelling mistakes made by students of English language in The World Islamic Sciences and Education University (WISE) in Jordan. The researcher adopted Cook‘s classification of errors in this study. Students mistakes were categorized into four classifications: substitution, omission, insertion, and transposition. Fifty students were participated in the study by enrolling in the "Error Analysis" course in two semesters of the academic year 2016/2017. The data for the study were derived from three exams: the first, the second, and the final exams, given to the students during the two semesters. Then the data were analyzed after completing the course in the second semester of 2016-2017. The results of the study revealed that (38%) of the errors referred to omission and (28%) to insertion. However, the study showed that (22%) of errors referred to substitution, while only (15%) of them referred to transposition. This study showed that using vowels and pronunciation incorrectly is one of the major causes of the learners' errors. Further, the interference of the first language plays a significant role in this regard. The study concludes that more efforts and concern should be given to spelling errors made by students since the learning of spelling is an integral part of language learning. The researcher suggested some recommendations and pedagogical implications to be studied in the future.
The Effect of Mobile Learning on Students’ Reading Self-Efficacy: A Case Study of the APP “English Liulishuo”
Authors: Liu Mengna
Published: November 2020

A number of studies have been conducted regarding self-efficacy in the field of foreign language learning. Yet, with the popularity of mobile learning, research on the relationship between mobile learning and self-efficacy in this field is still limited. To bridge the gap, the study aims to investigate the effects of mobile learning on students’ reading self-efficacy, i.e. whether the use of mobile learning can improve students’ English reading self-efficacy. A questionnaire is employed to collect data from 294 non-English major students in universities. To survey the effect of mobile learning on students’ reading self-efficacy, the data is accessed by the software SPSS 20.0. Results of independent T test demonstrate that for overall students, reading self-efficacy for students who have used the app is significantly different from those who haven’t in overall reading skills and in the four dimensions of reading skills, i.e. basic reading skills, applied reading skills, reading task skills, and advanced reading skills. As for students with relatively better reading performance, the results are consistent. However, for students with relatively weak reading performance, the reading self-efficacy of students who have used the app only shows significant differences in overall reading skills and in the two dimensions of basic reading skills and applied reading skills, but shows no difference in the dimensions of reading task skills and advanced reading skills. Finally, practical suggestions for mobile learning and students’ English reading are given.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 10, No. 4
Authors: Lin Sherry
Published: November 2020

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 10, No. 4, 2020.
The Views of Physical Education and Sports Teaching Instructors on Education in the COVID-19 Period
Authors: Kırbaş Şule
Published: November 2020

This study was conducted to determine the views of academicians regarding “The Views of Physical Education and Sports Teaching Instructors on Education in the Covid-19 Period”. The study used the phenomenological design, which is among qualitative research designs.

The study group comprised 63 academicians carrying out duty in 21 different universities in Turkey during the 2019-2020 academic year. In line with the goal, the study was carried out with academicians who could contribute on voluntary basis. In order to determine the views of the academicians, a structured interview form was used. The interview form comprises four questions aiming to determine the necessity of distance education in the physical education area, which courses in the area can be given within the scope of distance education, possibility of teaching applied courses via distance education and problems they face in courses in the distance education process which has been put into effect compulsorily due to pandemic.

The interview form was presented to the opinion of two instructors in the educational sciences area who have carried out qualitative research and then expert opinion was received. The application was conducted by primarily reaching the aforementioned academicians via telephone interview between 1 June-27 July 2020 and conveying the questions via e-mail. The descriptive analysis technique was used in analysis of the data.

In the study 79% of the academicians stressed that applied courses should not be taught via distance education, while 52% stated that all theoretical courses could be taught via distance education. Examining the views of the academicians on the problems they faced in courses in the distance education process; 55% stated that the problems were associated with the system, 36% efficiency of the course, 30% inadequate student participation in the course, 21% inadequate student feedback, 21% evaluation, 19% inexperience about distance education and 17% lack of internet and computer opportunities in hometowns of students.

Considering the findings of the study integratedly; it is believed that teaching applied courses via distance education is inadequate and inefficient. Also it is possible to state that it may not be appropriate to teach theoretical courses via distance education, except when necessary.
Corruption as a Threat to the Rule of Law in a Democratic Law-Observing State
Authors: Hrynicki Wojciech M.
Published: November 2020

This paper shows that corruption constitutes a threat to the rule of law in a democratic law-observing state, destroying it from within and ridiculing it outside. It destabilises social relations in such a state, which adversely affects the political system as well as the development of legislation and economy. The paper also reminds that corruption erodes social relations, causing demoralisation and slackening of morals in society. Corruption may also be a threat to the life, health and property of citizens. The author tracks views about corruption using the method of theoretical analysis of the notions (critical analysis of secondary sources); the statistical method, mainly analysing the latest Corruption Perceptions Index (2019); and the dogmatic-legal method. He concludes that corruption destabilises multiple areas of the functioning of a democratic law-observing state, disrupting the political space, spoiling the law, and causing destructive phenomena in the economic as well as in the moral sphere. It ultimately destabilises state structures, rendering them dysfunctional and perverting the principles of democracy. Corruption interacts with legality acting as a feedback loop, as it destroys the rule of law and democracy, which in turn deepens corruptive phenomena.
Poviat Crisis Management Center as an Element of the National Security System
Authors: Suchocka Anna Agnieszka
Published: November 2020

Background: Ensuring national security is one of the priority tasks of state authorities. At the poviat level, Poviat Crisis Management Centers occupy a special place in the implementation of this task. Objectives: The purpose of the article is to show the importance of the Poviat Crisis Management Center in the national security system. Methods: The place of the Poviat Crisis Management Center in the national security protection system was determined on the basis of an analysis of the literature on the subject. Conclusions: The Poviat Crisis Management Center plays a key role in anti-crisis activities at the poviat level.
Successful tracheal necrosis management using a pedicle pectoralis flap: A case report
Authors: Eftekhar Negar
Published: November 2020

Thyroidectomy is considered an overall low-risk procedure. However, severe life-threatening complications, including tracheal necrosis may occur postoperatively. A 45-year-old male patient was referred to our clinic for papillary thyroid carcinoma surgery. The patient had mediastinitis signs and symptoms seven days after total thyroidectomy. Subsequent imaging demonstrated air leak and with mediastinitis as the primary diagnosis, and the patient underwent reoperation. During the operation, four necrotic tracheal rings were found to be the source of air leak. Due to tissue inflammation and infection, neither primary repair with tracheal resection and anastomosis, nor strap muscle plugging procedure were feasible. Therefore, a pedicle flap derived from the right pectoralis major muscle was transferred to the necrotic trachea. The patient’s clinical condition improved after the operation and subsequent bronchoscopies confirmed healing of trachea. During six-month follow-up, no complications were observed. In conclusion, the technique discussed in the current report shows promising outcomes for reconstructing large tracheal defects in inflammatory conditions where primary repair techniques are not suitable.
Right ventricular outflow tract stenting during neonatal and infancy periods: A multi-center, retrospective study
Authors: İbrahim Cansaran Tanıdır İbrahim Cansaran
Published: November 2020

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of right ventricular outflow tract stenting for palliation during the newborn and infancy periods. Methods: Between January 2013 and January 2018, a total of 38 patients (20 males, 18 females; median age 51 days; range, 3 days to 9 months) who underwent transcatheter right ventricular outflow tract stenting in three centers were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic characteristics, cardiac pathologies, angiographic procedural, and clinical follow-up data of the patients were recorded. Results: The diagnoses of the cases were tetralogy of Fallot (n=27), double outlet right ventricle (n=8), complex congenital heart disease (n=2), and Ebstein’s anomaly (n=1). The median weight at the time of stent implantation was 3.5 (range, 2 to 10) kg. Five cases had genetic abnormalities. The median pre-procedural oxygen saturation was 63% (range, 44 to 80%), and the median procedural time was 60 (range, 25 to 120) min. Acute procedural success ratio was 87%. Reintervention was needed in seven of patients due to stent narrowing during follow-up. During follow-up period, seven cases died. Total correction surgery was performed in 26 patients without any mortality. While a transannular patch was used in 22 patients, valve protective surgery was implemented in two patients, and the bidirectional Glenn procedure was performed in two patients. Conclusion: Based on our study results, right ventricular outflow tract stenting is a form of palliation which should be considered particularly in cases in whom total correction surgery is unable to be performed due to morbidity.
The comparison of wall thickness of esophagus and gastroesophageal junction using computed tomography with endoscopy and biopsy results
Authors: Durmaz Fatma
Published: November 2020

Background: This study aims to establish a cut-off value for increases in the esophageal wall thickness measured using computed tomography to differentiate between benign and malignant pathologies. Methods: A total of 144 patients (61 males, 83 females; mean age 57.2±12.4 years; range, 24 to 86 years) who underwent thoracic and/or abdominal computed tomography in the radiology clinic between January 2015 and June 2018 for any reason and who were found to have a thickening of the esophageal wall or gastroesophageal junction were retrospectively analyzed. Tomography images were examined by two radiologists who reached consensus on the wall morphology and thickness, anatomic localization, and any accompanying findings regardless of the endoscopy results. Benign and malignant patients were identified from the endoscopy and/or biopsy results. The receiver operating characteristic analysis was carried out to establish a cut-off value for the lesion wall thickness to differentiate between benign and malignant pathologies and to determine a cut-off value for the lesion-level thickness-normal segment thickness ratio. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in the wall thicknesses of patients with esophageal cancer and those with benign lesions. According to a cut-off value for wall thickness of 13.5 mm, sensitivity and specificity were found to be 94.3% and 100%, respectively. The lesion-level thickness-normal segment thickness ratio was found to be statistically significant in malignant-benign differentiation, and a significant correlation was found between the asymmetric thickening and malignancy. Conclusion: Increases in the esophageal wall thickness and asymmetry detected on computed tomography can contribute to the early diagnosis of esophageal cancers, particularly in regions endemic to esophageal cancer as in Van province in eastern anatolia region of Turkey. Asymmetric wall thicknesses over 13.5 mm would be highly significant in terms of malignancy in tomographic examinations.
Left subclavian artery originating from left pulmonary artery in DiGeorge syndrome
Authors: Çivilibal Tang Nazlıcan
Published: November 2020

Left subclavian artery originating from the left pulmonary artery is a rare aortic arch anomaly. Herein, we, for the first time in Turkey, present a case of left subclavian artery originating from the left pulmonary artery via ductus arteriosus in DiGeorge syndrome and causing subclavian steal syndrome.
Association between the low percentage of forced vital capacity and increased mortality after left ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Korkmaz Ekren Pervin
Published: November 2020

Background: This study aims to investigate the effect of low percentage of forced vital capacity measured in the preoperative period on the 28-day mortality in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation. Methods: A total of 131 patients (111 males, 20 females; median age 54 years; range, 47 to 59 years) who underwent left ventricular assist device implantation with HeartWare™ between December 2010 and January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the results of pulmonary function test as a forced vital capacity percentage of ≥60% (n=113) and <60% (n=18). Both groups were compared in terms of laboratory and clinical characteristics, and postoperative complications. Risk factors for postoperative 28-day mortality were analyzed. Results: Pre- and intraoperative characteristics were similar in both groups, except for left ventricular end-diastolic diameter. The ventilator-free days up to 28 days was shorter (p=0.046) and the length of intensive care unit stay was longer (p=0.011) in the low percentage of forced vital capacity group. The 28-day mortality rate was also higher (22.2% vs. 9.7%, respectively; p=0.12) in this group. The history of prior cardiac operation (odds ratio: 4.40; 95% confidence interval 1.19-16.20, p=0.026) and tricuspid valve repair at the time of device implantation (odds ratio: 5.30; 95% confidence interval 1.33-21.00, p=0.018) were found to be independent risk factors for mortality. Multivariate analysis showed that a forced vital capacity of <60% was not associated with mortality (odds ratio: 3.96; 95% confidence interval 0.95-16.43, p=0.058). Conclusion: The length of intensive care unit stay and duration of mechanical ventilation may be longer in patients with a low percentage of forced vital capacity. Although the association between 28-day mortality and low percentage of forced vital capacity is not significant, the risk of 28-day mortality is higher in this group. Therefore, the patients should be assessed carefully before the left ventricular assist device operation.
Proposta de Simulador de Coordenação de Cursos de Graduação utilizando Indústria e Educação 4.0
Authors: Fernandes Anderson M. , Muniz Edicleia , Junior Rold , Damasceno Eduardo Filgueiras
Published: November 2020

O sucesso de um Curso Superior não está atrelado de forma geral apenas a direção e gestão de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES), mas também da coordenação do curso. O coordenador deve possuir diversas competências, pois deverá responder pelas funções pedagógicas, políticas, gerenciais, institucionais e administrativas. Algumas IES não possuem uma regra, concurso ou base para definir um coordenador, sendo este na maioria das vezes indicado ou selecionado por diversos outros motivos, não priorizando as competências profissionais, já citadas aqui, para atuar nesta área, o que muitas vezes leva ao insucesso do curso. Com o advento da Indústria e da Educação 4.0, propõe-se o estudo sobre a criação de um Simulador de Coordenação 4.0, que servirá de base para treinar e coletar informações, com a ajuda das TICs, sobre as competências de docentes candidatos ao cargo, realizando a análise de dados qualitativos para uma melhor seleção de um coordenador de curso.
Der Rechtsstaat und sein Missbrauch
Authors: Manssen Gerrit
Published: November 2020

The German Federal Republic is a state under the rule of law (Art. 20 and 28 of the German Constitution). However, there are frequent complaints concerning the „misuse“ of lawsuits, which allegedly undermine the rule of law. Looking closely, those accusations can not really be confirmed. No systematic misuse can be found in the field of environmental law (matters like diesel driving ban or lawsuits filed by environmental associations) or in the field of asylum law. What can be found instead is a jeopardy to the rule of law because of a decreasing acceptance of court rulings. Public authorities sometimes simply ignore such rulings. This unlawful development must be counteracted.
A Century of Occupations, Political Experiments and Renewed Statehood in Central Europe as Reflected in Postage Stamps (and History Teaching)
Authors: Štěpánek Kamil
Published: November 2020

The text of this paper analyses the issue of political and territorial transformations in Central Europe as reflected in postage stamps issued from 1918 to the present day. Stamp production, as a historical source, also reflects modern history in the form of jubilee issues and the choice of the subjects presented, thereby contributing towards the shaping of our collective memory. This paper recommends their didactic use in history teaching on the basis of an account and analysis of these subjects. The process described leads to an effective alternative educational medium that strengthens interdisciplinary co-operation between school history teaching and media studies.
Science, Education and Periodical Publications of the Sorbs in the German Democratic Republic and Immediately Following the Fall of Communism
Authors: Kaleta Petr
Published: November 2020

The political changes in 1989/1990 affected all of East German society, including in particular the country’s ethnic Sorbs. Sorbian institutions that had enjoyed a relatively regular influx of financial resources in the GDR now found themselves in an uncertain situation. The new democratic and liberal society did not guarantee Sorbs their previous certainties in the fields of science, education, culture, and other areas. This article looks at selected institutions to provide an idea of how the transformation process took place. One educational institution that did not survive the collapse of the GDR is the Zentrale sorbische Sprachschule Milkel (Sorb.: Centralna serbska rěčna šula w Minakału), which provided language instruction and an overview of Sorbian history and culture for many people who subsequently went on to work for Sorbian institutions. By comparison, one organization that weathered the changes was the Sorbian Institute, although the dissolution of the Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR necessitated a change in legal form (e.V.). One new institution, whose main task is to distribute financing to the most important Sorbian organizations, is the Foundation for the Sorbian People. Smaller changes affected the Sorbian print media at this time as well.
On the Topic Role Models for Young People in Visual Media and History Education: Czechoslovakia 1948–1989 .
Authors: Štěpánek Kamil
Published: November 2020

The text of the paper aims to analyse selected educational patterns from contemporary visual media (Czechoslovakia 1948–89) – postage stamps, posters, comics or caricatures aimed at the target group of young people. For the totalitarian communist regime, the youth represented an easily educated bearer of ideas and the prospects of maintaining the regime in the generations to come. The didactic application of these patterns in history education represents a suitable alternative to media education.
Investigation and Political Processes with Soldiers in Czechoslovakia (1948–1989)
Authors: Polnar Stanislav
Published: November 2020

The basic approach of the author was to place issues into the context of the political development of Czechoslovakia after the events of February, 1948. The applied research confirmed the theory that political delinquency of member of military personnel formed a unique class. The worst crimes of the founding period were the core of the author’s focus. This period can be characterized by political trials made as thought-out systems of illegalities organized by the bodies of military justice. Afterwards, the persecutions continued but only in an individual and more selective way. The author used original historical sources which are common for contemporary history.
The Wifes of the Moravian Margrave John Henry of Luxembourg
Authors: Vítová Jana
Published: November 2020

The article focuses on three Moravian margraves personalities, wives of margrave John Henry of Luxembourg, and summarizes their activities in the years 1350–1375. The paper deals also with a special love episode, that Moravian margrave John Henry experienced with the nun Elisabeth, a daughter of the duke of Těšín.
Philosophical Think Tanks
Authors: Englert Alexander T. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2020

While small group discussion is invaluable to the philosophy classroom, I think it can be improved. In this paper I present a method that I have developed to better facilitate active learning in the spirit of a philosopher within a Socratic community. My method is to form what I call a “philosophical think tank,” which takes the form of a small group that persists for the duration of the semester (or a large portion of it) in order to overcome deficiencies that can arise if groups are determined anew with each class meeting. After presenting the technique, I offer an overview of results, possible issues, and ideas for future development.
Pensando de outro modo um tipo de conteúdo proposto pela Educação Matemática Crítica dentro da educação matemática
Authors: Oliveira Júlio César Gomes , Silva Marcio Antonio da
Published: November 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar uma tecnologia de governo evocada para a efetivação de possíveis posições de sujeito (docentes e discentes) em um currículo-EMC. Recorrendo à analise de discurso foucaultiana, utiliza como corpus especializado de análise trabalhos que foram publicados em revistas da educação matemática e no Encontro Nacional de Educação Matemática (2010, 2013, 2016). Apresenta como resultado um enunciado construído nas análises: conteúdo enfatiza um trabalho com foco na realidade dos estudantes, destacando problemas relevantes e interessantes que abordam questões sociais. O estudo conclui que um currículo-EMC cria sua própria tecnologia de governo para produção de sujeitos, por meio do uso de técnicas e procedimentos que são colocados a operar para reforçar o seu próprio discurso. Assim, o enunciado produzido estaria relacionado a uma das técnicas deste campo tecnológico, qual seja, técnica de trabalhar o conteúdo com foco na realidade dos estudantes. São destacados três pontos: (i) nessa técnica, a realidade pensada por um currículo-EMC envolve problemas do cotidiano, de professores e alunos, que possuem aspectos coletivos e não, simplesmente, individuais, (ii) essa técnica faz funcionar uma prática não coercitiva, mas que estabelece relações de poder que propõem um modo de governar sem governar por intermédio de um jogo estratégico entre as liberdades e (iii) essa técnica, também, propõe outras relações de poder como, por exemplo, que estudantes e professores sejam inseridos em um contexto em que a própria matemática adquire status de ciência legitimada e reconhecida como capaz de tratar de problemas reais.
Matemática difícil: discursos, muros e monstros
Authors: Da Silva Costa Luana Rafaela , Queiroz Simone Moura
Published: November 2020

Esta pesquisa apresenta um recorte de uma dissertação que perpassa por caminhos consonantes à Filosofia da Diferença, buscando a interseção desse plano de imanência com o plano da Educação Matemática. Utilizou-se para isso, principalmente as considerações teóricas de Foucault (2008, 2013), além de outros autores buscando por meio deles dialogar com a Educação Matemática. Como método de pesquisa utilizamos a cartografia da subjetividade, fazendo uso de mapas narrativos composto por entrevistas e desenhos, realizadas com dois professores de matemática e dois alunos do ensino fundamental anos finais. Objetivando uma abordagem pelos discursos habituais sobre a dificuldade em matemática, revelando a existência de um muro fictício que separa professores e alunos sobre as considerações sobre a disciplina, diante da consolidação de verdades e tramas que envolvem o ensinar e aprender, nessa dinâmica social produtora de saberes, poderes, discursos e verdades. Resultados que reforçaram como as considerações discursivas estão fortemente imbricadas em relação a matemática, produzindo muros e monstros que precisam ser reconsiderados.
On the twisted Dorfman-Courant like brackets
Authors: Mikulski Włodzimierz M.
Published: November 2020

There are completely described all \(\mathcal{VB}_{m,n}\)-gauge-natural operators \(C\) which, like to the Dorfman-Courant bracket, send closed linear \(3\)-forms \(H\in\Gamma^{l-\rm{clos}}_E(\bigwedge^3T^*E)\) on a smooth (\(\mathcal{C}^{\infty}\)) vector bundle \(E\) into \(\mathbf{R}\)-bilinear operators \[C_H:\Gamma^l_E(TE\oplus T^*E)\times \Gamma^l_E(TE\oplus T^*E)\to \Gamma^l_E(TE\oplus T^*E)\] transforming pairs of linear sections of \(TE\oplus T^*E\to E\) into linear sections of \(TE\oplus T^*E\to E\). Then all such \(C\) which also, like to the twisted Dorfman-Courant bracket, satisfy both some "restricted" condition and the Jacobi identity in Leibniz form are extracted.
EMERGENT POINTS' LOCUSES OF POLARIZED LIGHT IN BIAXIAL CRYSTAL WITH NORMAL INCIDENCE AS CRYSTAL MAKING DIRECTION CHANGES
Authors: YUAN LIN  ,   淮阴师范专科学校物理系,淮阴223001
Published: November 2020

In this paper, it is discussed that when monochromatic light incident normally on an arbitrarly making directional biaxial crystal. The formulas can be deduced for propagating directions of polarized light and the transmittance—reflectances of incident components. An important conclusion isobtained that directions of polarization are always on the refractive planes and the two refractive planes are perpendicular with ecch other. And finally, the numerical results are plotted in curvilineal diagrams for NaNO2, it is seen that the changes of the emergent points of polarized light and that of the reflectances are obvious as the crystal making directions change. These results offer a new possibility for determination of crystal optical constants.
STRUCTURE AND SURFACE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYCRYSTALLINE ZrO2 IMPLANTED BY Ni ION
Authors: WANG GUO-MEI  , YUN HUAI-SHUN  , JIANG BING  , LI XING-DAN  , WU DAI-HUA  , YANG SHENG-RONG  ,   (1)武汉工业大学材料工程系,武汉430070; (2)中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,兰州730000
Published: November 2020

In this paper, it is reported that the nickel ions (140 keV, 5×1015-2×1017ions/cm2) were implanted at room temperature into the specimens of yttria which were partially stabilized by zirconi-a. The annealing processes were decided . By making use of electric measurement, Rutherford back scattering spectroscopy (RBS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy, we have studied the effects of implantation and annealing on the electrical properties of the surface and the structure of implanted layer of polycrystalline ZrO2.