bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PETROPHYSICAL MODELS OF TERRIGENOUS RESERVOIRS OF THE CARBONIFEROUS DEPOSITS OF THE CENTRAL PART OF THE DNIEPER-DONETS DEPRESSION
Authors: LYSAK Yulia , SHPOT Yuriy , SHYRA Andriy , KUCHER Zoriana , KUROVETS Ihor
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the work was to construct petrophysical models of reservoir rocks of different rank: typical and unified. Typical models describe connections between the parameters of individual rocks lithotypes occurring in definite geological conditions and serving as the basis for the development of petrophysical classification of reservoir rocks in the oil geology. The principle of unification provides for creation of the models structure for different reservoir lithotypes both in the geological section and in the area. We have studied petrophysical properties of reservoir rocks of Carboniferous deposits in the central part of the Dnieper-Donets depression. Petrophysical properties of rocks in conditions close to the formational ones and relations between them were studied on a number of samples formed by the core samples of different age. Main geological factors that have an influence on reservoir properties of rocks were taken into consideration. While constructing and analysing of petrophysical models we have used a probable-statistic approach with the use of the correlative-regressive analysis. Result of the work is contained in typical petrophysical models for individual areas and in unified models obtained on consolidated samples for Lower Carboniferous deposits of this region. Characteristic features in variations of petrophysical properties of reservoir rocks of Carboniferous deposits and their models have been ascertained. A conclusion has been made that multidimensional models, in which the depth of occurrence of deposits is one of the parameters that are necessary to consider while constructing petrophysical models, are the most informative for determination of petrophysical properties of the studied deposits, and the models obtained by us are known to be a petrophysical basis for quantitative interpretation of data from geophysical studies in the boreholes of the given region.
Modification and Expression of Beta-1,4-Endoglucanase encoding sequences of fungal origin in Escherichia coli BL21.
Authors: Gutierrez Calle Natalia , Restrepo Franco Gloria Maria , Galeano Vanegas Narmer Fernando
Published: May 2021

Lignocellulose is the main and most abundant component of biomass. Annually, 200 million tons are generated in the world. Colombia has a high production of lignocellulosic residues that can be used in many industrial processes such as bioethanol production, promoting the bioeconomy. The objective of the present work was to express lignocellulolytic enzymes of eukaryotic origin in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Initially, endoglucanase eukaryotic genes were selected and modified using bioinformatics methods for their production in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and saccharification of pure cellulose substrates. The gene selected for its modification and expression was eglB from the fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Subsequently the enzyme integrity was tested by 3D modeling and molecular docking, as well as the conformation of its active site and its affinity for substrates of interest. Finally, cloning of the modified gene in plasmid pET151 TOPO was made and transformed in the strain E. coli BL21 (DE3) where several lignocellulose degradation tests were carried out using semiquantitative methods for the enzyme activity in carboxymethylcellulose. The presence of the three genes of interest within the plasmid pET151 TOPO and within the transformed cells of E. coli TOP10 and E. coli BL21 (DE3) was verified by colony PCRs performed. The presence of this gen was corroborated by sequencing. Expression of the modified endoglucanase enzyme was achieved in E. coli BL21 (DE3) expression cells, in soluble and functional form, demonstrated by the hydrolysis of the CMC substrate.
Perfil epidemiológico e espacial dos casos novos de hanseníase notificados em Feira de Santana no período de 2005- 2015
Authors: Alves Jucileide Moreira , Rodrigues Roquenei da Purificação , Carvalho Monalisa Cristiany Santos
Published: May 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: A Hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa de evolução crônica causada pelo Mycrobacterim leprae e representa um problema de saúde pública. OBJETIVOS: Objetivou-se com este estudo, descrever o perfil epidemiológico e espacial dos casos novos de hanseníase, notificados no município de Feira de Santana – BA, no período de 2005 a 2015. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, em que os dados foram coletados do Sistema de informação de agravos de notificação. RESULTADOS: Entre os anos de 2005 -2015 foram notificados 1239 casos novos de hanseníase no município em questão. Destes casos, o maior número se deu entre os indivíduos do sexo masculino e entre os indivíduos pardos. A faixa etária de 35-49 anos e com baixa escolaridade, apresentaram a maior ocorrência da doença. Quanto à forma clínica, a dimorfa preponderou. E a maioria das pessoas não apresentou qualquer tipo de incapacidade relacionada à doença. A respeito da distribuição espacial da hanseníase, os bairros que apresentaram o maior número de casos foram: Tomba, Brasília, Calumbi, Gabriela, Campo Limpo, Mangabeira e os distritos rurais, foram Bonfim da Feira e Humildes. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: A caracterização epidemiológica e a distribuição espacial dos dados,  torna-se importante para intensificação de estratégias de promoção e proteção à saúde, a fim de se reduzir a ocorrência da patologia.
Correlação dos fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos com alterações da funcionalidade em crianças hospitalizadas
Authors: De Jesus Lene Gomes , De Britto Andrade Maria Carolina
Published: May 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: O desenvolvimento de alterações funcionais é comum em crianças que estiveram em condições de terapia intensiva. A Functional Status Scale (FSS) é uma escala que tem por objetivo avaliar a funcionalidade de pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados. OBJETIVO: Verificar a possível correlação de fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos com as alterações funcionais de crianças submetidas à internação na UTIP. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo coorte com crianças admitidas em uma UTIP. A funcionalidade foi avaliada pelo FSS na admissão e na alta da unidade. Nova incapacidade foi definida como mudança no FSS ? 1 e incapacidade grave como mudança no FSS ? 3. O dados foram avaliados pelo programa SPSS versão 17.0. O teste de Pearson e Spearman foi empregado para análise de correlação. O nível de significância estatística adotada foi de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Participaram do estudo 43 crianças, sendo 51,2% do sexo masculino, com mediana de idade de 15 (1-144) meses. O principal motivo de internação foi desconforto respiratório 12 (27,9%) e a comorbidade prévia mais frequente foi a neurológica (37,3%), seguida de cardiovascular (11,8%). Foram observadas correlações significativas entre nova incapacidade e doença vascular prévia (p<0,000); nova incapacidade e internamento por alteração vascular (p<0,000) e incapacidade grave e doença cardiovascular prévia (p=0,005). CONCLUSÃO: O desenvolvimento de alterações funcionais pode ocorrer em crianças após internação na UTIP. A presença prévia de doença vascular e doença cardíaca, além do internamento por alteração vascular, estão associados a uma piora funcional na alta hospitalar.
Dor em crianças e adolescentes com doença falciforme: estudo observacional
Authors: Machado Rosicleide , Machado Andréia , Almeida Hana Silva , Carvalho Alana , Sá Katia Nunes
Published: May 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: O sintoma mais comum na Doença Falciforme (DF) é a dor de alta intensidade que se manifesta desde a infância. Para ser controlada, é necessária a determinação do seu tipo. OBJETIVO: Delinear o perfil da dor em crianças e adolescentes com doença falciforme e analisar o impacto do tipo desta na qualidade de vida. METODOLOGIA: Estudo transversal realizado com crianças e adolescentes com idade entre 8 e 17 anos e diagnóstico de DF HbSS e HbSC (critérios da OMS), em unidades de referência (Salvador, Bahia, Brasil). Foram aplicados a escala infantil de avaliação de dor Adolescent Pediatric Tool (APPT) e o questionário de qualidade de vida PedsQL módulo DF. Foram testadas associações e correlações entre os itens dos instrumentos (Alfa 5%, Beta 20%). CAAE 57274516.8.0000.5544 e 09163419.3.0000.5544.  RESULTADOS: Duas amostras, uma com 46 e outra com 44 participantes, com cerca de 60% do tipo HbSS, confirmaram presença de alta intensidade da dor (de 5,0±0,00 a 9,94±0,23 pontos na escala de intensidade de dor) por todo o corpo e uso sistemático de analgésicos (95,5%). Quanto maior a intensidade da dor, principalmente no caso da dor neuropática, maior o total de descritores e o uso de termos sensoriais, afetivos e temporais (p < 0,05), com correlações fortes (r ? 0,84; p<0,05) entre intensidade e descritores sensoriais e avaliativos. CONCLUSÃO: A dor em crianças e adolescentes com DF apresenta alta intensidade, com os piores prejuízos para os que referem dor com características neuropáticas.
Relics and the Recluse’s Touch in Goscelin’s Miracles of St. Edmund
Authors: Sawicka-Sykes Sophie
Published: May 2021

While Ancrene Wisse (Guide for Anchoresses) has prompted discussions on the prohibition of touch in anchoritic devotional culture, the critical focus on the didactic literature of the high Middle Ages has left little room for exploring how anchorites used touch to initiate or heighten spiritual experience. This article attempts to address this imbalance through a close reading of Goscelin of Saint-Bertin’s Miracles of St. Edmund (ca. 1100). The text offers an insight into Seitha, a female recluse living in close proximity to the community of monks at Bury St. Edmunds in the 1090s, and her physical contact with St. Edmund’s secondary relics. Sawicka-Sykes argues that while the monks of Bury are punished for their audacious handling of the saint’s incorrupt remains, Seitha is granted privileged access to the saint’s clothing on account of her anchoritic virtues of purity, humility, and servitude.
«I just want to talk»
Authors: Barenghi Mario
Published: May 2021

La fortuna della narrativa d’investigazione non cessa di stupire: è probabile che nella nostra cultura il tema dell’indagine abbia preso gran parte del posto che nella cultura premoderna era tenuto dal tema del combattimento. Una variante del combattimento è il confronto verbale, che alimenta il sottogenere delle storie giudiziarie. Questo articolo prende in esame il primo film di Sidney Lumet, La parola ai giurati (12 Angry Men, 1957), mettendo in evidenza la cellula germinale dell’intreccio. In una giuria dove tutti sono convinti della colpevolezza dell’imputato, un giurato si dissocia, non perché abbia solide ragioni per sostenere la sua innocenza, ma per una ragione di principio: la giuria non può decidere del suo destino senza dedicargli il giusto tempo. Un monito più che mai attuale, in tempi di comunicazioni precipitose e superficiali: e insieme, l’avvio di una riflessione molto simile ai procedimenti della critica letteraria.
High Molecular Weight DNA Extraction From Leaf Tissue v1
Authors: Lu-Irving Patricia , Rutherford Susan
Published: May 2021

A protocol designed for isolation and purification of high molecular weight genomic DNA from ~1g of vascular plant leaf tissue, for linked and/or long-read sequencing. Used successfully with Syzygium oleosum (Myrtaceae), Rhodamnia argentea (Myrtaceae), Telopea speciosissima (Proteaceae). Sorbitol pre-wash together with higher salt and CTAB concentrations (per Thermo Fisher Application Note 52645, adapted from Inglis et al 2018 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206085), followed by SPRI bead-based purification (adapted from Schalamun et al. 2018 doi: 10.1111/1755-0998.12938) help to ensure sufficient purity for most genomic sequencing applications.
p1 26/5 v1
Authors: Bc. Bc. Bc. Guliakina II Mariia
Published: May 2021

test
Physiological and biochemical effects of 2.4-D herbicide in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties
Authors: ÇANAKCI GÜLENGÜL Songül , KARABULUT Fadime
Published: May 2021

In this work were investigated the physiological and biochemical responses depended on toxic effect caused by different concentrations of herbicides called as 2.4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D) herbicide in the seedlings that belong to three wheat varieties. The seeds which belong to wheat (Triticum aestivum L. Bayraktar cv., İkizce cv. and Tosunbey cv.) were used as plant material. 15-day old seedlings for each wheat variety were divided into 4 groups consisting of the same number of seedlings and four variety doses of herbicide (0, 100 µM, 300 µM ve 1000 µM) were applied for them. In these applications for seedlings was preferred hydroponic surrounding to root. Although three varieties increased the growth of root and shoot elongation from the growth parameters of the seedlings, it leaded to a decrease in growth parameters in general in this herbicide. Although 2.4-D in the leaves caused an increase in 100 μM dose for only the Bayraktar in amount of chlorophyll a+b. In ones except these, there has always been a decreased. The amount of carotenoid resulted in the reduction of three varieties. Amount of MDA increased in all three varieties. Glutathione (GSH) / oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratios in leaves increased in three varieties. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the leaves increased at the Bayraktar and decreased in the İkizce and the Tosunbey. Catalase (CAT) activity showed to a decrease in three varieties. As a result, it was determined that the 2.4-D, which was toxic for wheat plants even in very low concentrations.
Spectroscopic characterization and structural insights of 4-Coumarinyl-4-nitrobenzoate using vibrational and quantum chemical calculations
Authors: SARAÇ Kamuran
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study was to synthesize 4-Coumarinyl-4-nitrobenzoate and detect its experimental and theoretical properties. 4-Coumarinyl-4-nitrobenzoate was synthesized using by the nucleophilic adduction-separation reaction of aroyl compounds. In this context 4-coumarinyl 4-nitrobenzoate compound has been characterized both experimentally and theoretically by using quantum chemical calculations and spectral techniques. Quantum chemical calculations such as the molecular geometry, geometric structure, and geometric parameters of the title compound were calculated with the 6-311G (d, p) basis set. Quantum chemical calculations of electronic properties such as energy difference between HOMO-LUMO, chemical hardness and chemical softness were made. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface of 4-Coumarinyl-4-nitrobenzoate was obtained.
Dynamic Changes in the Development of the Educational System of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Russia: Results of the 2020 All-Russian Monitoring
Authors: Khaustov A.V. , Schumskih M.A.
Published: May 2021

The results of the 2020 All-Russian Monitoring of the state of education of students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are presented. Monitoring held by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation in collaboration with the Federal Resource Center for the Organization of Comprehensive Support to Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders of the Moscow State University of Psychology & Education. The total number of students with ASD in 2020 compared to 2019 increased by 43% and amounted to 32,990 individuals. Most children with ASD (69%) are enrolled in primary, basic and secondary general education. The percent of children with ASD attending general education (inclusive) classes using the “Resource Class” model is 7%. Homeschooling students with ASD make up 37% of the total number of students with autism. The problem of human resources, needed to maintain the educa- tion and support for children with ASD remains: 66% of children receive speech therapist services, 55% — a special teacher, 80% of students with ASD receive support from educational psychologists, only 19% of children with autistic disorders are provided with tutor support. In 43 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, 52 regional resource centers have been created
Integrating Treatment for Autism: Psychiatric Comorbidities and Comprehensive Treatment
Authors: Parenteau C.I. , Tsipan R.M. , Hendren R.L.
Published: May 2021

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) treatment becomes more convoluted when additional mental disorders are present. Comorbidities with ASD discussed in this review include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety, depression, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), psychotic and bipolar disorder. As these disorders typically affect multiple endophenotypes, from genetics to behavior, treatment must aim to target multiple layers, all the while minimizing side effects. Evidence-based therapies for ASD and comorbidities can range from psychosocial interventions to psychotropic medicines, with a varying degree of effectiveness for pairings of comorbidities and combinations of treatment. This review aims to create a brief overview of ASD comorbidities and discuss treatment options based on prior evidence-based research. Appropriate treatment is dependent on specific symptomatology, but evidence suggests that integrative-targeted treatment is typically more effective than stand-alone treatments.
Psychological Security and Social Intelligence in Adolescents and Young People
Authors: Baeva I.A. , Gayazova L.A. , Kondakova I.V. , Laktionova E.B.
Published: May 2021

The paper presents results of a study on the relationship between the level of students’ psychological security in educational environment and their social intelligence.The aim of the study was to redefine this relationship and to test the hypothesis that different levels of psychological security in educational environment are connected with changes in the level of social intelligence and its components that happen in adolescence and young age.The data was obtained on a sample of students of secondary-level vocational training organizations (n=2,789 subjects) aged 12—25 years (M=17.13), 71,89% males.The following techniques were used: “Psychological Safety of Educational Environment” by I.А.Baeva; “The Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale” (TSIS) by D.H.Silvera, M.Martinussen, T.I.Dahl; sociodemographic information questionnaire.The study revealed that the level of social intelligence was higher among the students with high levels of psychological security in educational environment (U=114,56; p≤0,001).Higher social intelligence levels are based on the ability to understand and predict other people’s behaviours and feelings (U=101,25; p≤0,001) as well as on social skills (U=97,74; p≤0,001), whereas social awareness levels are the same in environments with different levels of psychological security.
School Bullying Experience and Current Well-Being Among Students
Authors: Bochaver A.A.
Published: May 2021

The article aims to research the relationships of the actual well-being of students with their experience of participating in bullying at school age.The materials of qualitative and quantitative analysis of empirical data obtained on a sample of 274 students of the Moscow university (average age M=19.2, 20% men) are presented.The methods used were the Scale of Well-being, the Scale of Authenticity, the Scale of Depression, the Scale of Experiences in Close Relationships, as well as several questions about the experience of bullying in school.The results show that the frequency of school bullying and the role, played in these situations in the past, are significantly associated with the current level of depression and anxiety and avoidance in close relationships.It is also shown that, according to self-reports, the experience of bullying in school can be followed by delayed negative consequences, manifested in difficulties in self-attitude and relationships with other people, physical and mental disorders, as well as problems with social achievements.A comparison of the experience of socialization in school and university shows that there are different trajectories of experiencing one’s well-being within an educational organization: a university can become a resource environment after a difficult school experience; it can be perceived as a more formal space after close-knit communication in school; and a school and a university can be perceived as environments similar in friendliness or, conversely, in hostility.
Scale for Assessing University Digital Educational Environment (AUDEE Scale)
Authors: Sorokova M.G. , Odintsova M. , Radchikova N.P.
Published: May 2021

The paper presents results of the development of a scale for assessing university digital educational environment (AUDEE Scale; N = 406; 366 (90.1% women; age varies from 19 to 72 years, on average 28.7 ± 9.6 years (median = 24 years)).AUDEE scale provides a comprehensive description of digital educational environment based on the distinguishing of six indicators: satisfaction with the educational process; satisfaction with communicative interaction; stress tension; the need for support; dishonest strategies in knowledge control; and environment accessibility.The results of the confirmatory factor analysis confirm the six subscales model (IFI = 0.87; χ2 / df = 2.6; RMSEA = 0.06 [0.058; 0.066]; SRMR = 0.06).All subscales have acceptable reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.72—0.91, Split-half Guttman alpha = 0.82—0.92) and demonstrate predictable relationships with convergent indicators: experiences during learning (efforts, pleasure, meaning); cognitive motivation, achievement motivation, self-development motivation, introjected and external motivation, amotivation.To standardize the scale, stanines are calculated.
Investigation of Cloud Computing Based Big Data on Machine Learning Algorithms.
Authors: YILDIRIM Muhammed , ÇINAR Ahmet , CENGİL Emine
Published: May 2021

Cloud computing technology is a model that allows access to a common pool of configurable computing resources whenever and wherever. With the developing technology, the use of this model is increasing day by day. There are many benefits of cloud computing to its users. The data that users keep in their data sets is the simplest example of this. With the cloud technology, the size of the data stored in databases is also increasing. For this reason, cloud technology and big data concepts are intertwined due to the large amount of data stored in databases. It is of great importance that the obtained data is evaluated by machine learning methods and produces results that can be used for technical and commercial purposes. In this study, first of all, cloud technology, the big data brought by this technology and the classification of these data with machine learning methods and algorithms have been examined. Then the studies in the literature were evaluated.
Some Statements Concerning the "Right to be Born"
Authors: Tarusina N. N.
Published: May 2021

The paper is devoted to the topical issues related to the implementation of the right of a proto-human (nasciturus, an unborn child) to be born and to the assumptions about the legitimate interests of general and special types consolidated in the legislation of a number of countries (constitutional law, civil law, criminal law). The Russian law protects such interests, at least to some extent, in indirect and direct forms. In the indirect form such interests are protected through the benefits and allowances for pregnant women provided under medical, labor, social security, and family legislation. Motherhood is encouraged through the instruments of financial, tax, housing law, and it is given special protection by criminal and penal legislation. In the direct form interests under consideration are protected through the establishment of opportunities under civil law for inheritance and compensation for the loss of a breadwinner. The author explains the difference between approaches to the problem of a legal status and legal capacity of the nisciturus under foreign and Russian laws. The paper provides for the reflections concerning the right to natural biological origin discussed in the doctrine and adjustment of its elements. Also, the paper examines special rights that, due to their purpose and content, are opposed to the right to be born, namely: the right to terminate pregnancy, the right to sterilization. The author emphasizes that not only the right to be born is limited by the lawmaker for objective and subjective reasons. Separate from this complex of interactions, although in connection with the act of the birth, the author analyzes the circumstances caused by the problem of the birth of a dead child. The author elucidates unsettled regulatory and enforcement decisions associated with the protection of the interests of the parents of such a child. The author focuses on inadmissibility of formal legal application of relevant legislation, on the need for its broad interpretation in favor of humanitarian, fair, ethically balanced enforcement of the right of the individual to private and family life.
Tendencies of the Contractual Regulation of Family Property Relations between Spouses with due regard to the Development of Legislation and Judicial Practice
Authors: Chashkova S. Yu.
Published: May 2021

The author makes an attempt to determine tendencies for the development of the legal regulation of property relations between spouses based on the approved amendments and expected changes in the legal regulation, established jurisprudence and with due regard to the goals of family law regulation and models of contractual regulation of property relations between spouses enshrined in positive law. The paper considers in detail the following trends: enforcement and development of provisions concerning contractual regulation of property relations between spouses and their common property, law enforcement and development provisions concerning contractual regulation of the property relations between spouses for the provision of mutual maintenance.

The author comes to the following conclusions. Firstly, the family law regulation of contractual relations concerning the common property of spouses and law enforcement as a whole comply with the goals of the family law regulation. Secondly, civil law regulation and law enforcement in terms of contractual property relations between spouses strengthen the "pro-creditor" approach and limit contractual freedom of spouses. Thirdly, the prospects for regulating the legal and contractual regime (with the stronger "pro-creditor" approach) may result in changes in the systemic interpretation and law enforcement of provisions concerning the contractual regulation of spousal property and they can contradict the goals of family law. Fourthly, the regulation of contractual relations between spouses concerning maintenance shows sufficient stability and general conformity with the goals of family law regulation, but does not exclude the search for options to expand its limits through the rules of the Family Code of the Russian Federation, while the practice of applying these provisions indicates a "pro-creditor" approach and non-compliance with the goals of family law regulation.
Possibility of Applying the Category "Good Faith and Abuse of Procedural Rights" to Participants in Disputes Arising from Corporate Legal Relations under the Legislation of the CIS and Neighboring Countries
Authors: Safaeva N. R.
Published: May 2021

The existence of once common foundations of the procedural legislation of the CIS and neighboring countries with its subsequent independent development is of interest from the point of view of the analysis of individual procedural institutions. The paper examines the institution of abuse of procedural rights in relation to the category of corporate disputes.

The procedural legislation of the Soviet period did not fix the concept of abuse of procedural law and did not contain its clear criteria for appropriate classification of certain negative cases in the procedural behavior of a participant in a trial in order to suppress such facts. It is with this "legacy" that the countries of the post-Soviet space approached the problem of abuse of procedural rights in the framework of the formation of their own procedural legislation. Attempts to solve this problem often had cardinal differences.

As the analysis of the studied sources shows, the category of "good faith and abuse of procedural rights", in contrast to the Russian procedural legislation, is disclosed in all the examples exclusively within the general part of the procedural laws, which leaves a wide margin of discretion for the law enforcement officer when considering a particular category of disputes. Based on the analysis of the available procedural sources, two constructions of the "good faith — abuse" model were identified. The first one, the "sanctions" model of "good faith-abuse" is presented in most of the procedural sources of the CIS and neighboring countries. The second, "compensatory" model, although singled out separately in the procedural laws, does not disclose the mechanism of compensation for losses by a person who has abused his procedural rights, and therefore seems less effective in terms of protecting the victim from the unfair behavior of his procedural opponent.
A note on the measure of seismicity*
Authors: BÅTH Markus
Published: May 2021

A paper by St. Amand (1956) concerning two proposed measures of seismicity is discussed. References are given to earlier papers by various authors, in which definitions of seismicity have already been given.
Earthquake-generating stress systems in Southeast Asia
Authors: Ritsema A. R.
Published: May 2021

The positions of earthquake-generating stress systems in Southeast Asia as found in fault-plane studies of 28 earthquakes are presented and tentative conclusions about the underlying causes of the stresses are drawn.
Fault plane of the Chile earthquake, December 7, 1953
Authors: Ingram R. E.
Published: May 2021

To show the value of reflected waves in the fault-plane method a solution is given for the Chile earthquake of December 7, 1953. Data from pP recordings and to a lesser extent from PP recordings are of great importance in obtaining a satisfactory solution. No attempt is made to correlate the results with structure. Transcurrent faulting is found.
Geodetic measurements in the Dixie Valley Area
Authors: Whitten C. A.
Published: May 2021

abstract

Resurveys made after the 1954 earthquake in the Dixie Valley Area determined the horizontal and vertical displacements which occurred. Triangulation stations on the west side of the fault moved north approximately 4 feet, and points on the east side moved south by a similar amount. Releveling showed a drop and also a tilt of a valley floor.
Instrumental study of the Quetta earthquake of February 18, 1955
Authors: Khan Abdul Qadir
Published: May 2021

Aftershocks of the Quetta earthquake of February 18, 1955 (H = 22:48:38 G.M.T.), were recorded at three temporary field stations, 10 to 15 kilometers from the macroseismic epicentre. A spare Willmore seismograph operated in turn at the three stations. From the study of predominant S − P time intervals of aftershocks recorded at the field stations and at the permanent Observatory, velocity of P and depth of focus were calculated on the assumption that (i) Poisson's ratio of rocks is 1/4, thus n = (P − O)/(S − P) = 1.37, and (ii) S − P time intervals of peak frequency were due to aftershocks originating from the same point, probably the focus of the main shock. Velocity of P waves thus calculated was found to be 5.6 km/sec. and the depth of focus about 7 km.
Earthquake energy and ground breakage
Authors: Tocher Don
Published: May 2021

abstract

In contrast to the prevalent notion that fault breakage is quite rare, every earthquake since 1906 with M > 6 1/2 and with epicenter on land in northern California or Nevada has been accompanied by some degree of fault breakage at the surface of the earth. The smallest shock for which such effects have been observed was of M = 5¾.

Earthquake energy in ergs (E), length of surface in km. (l), and maximum ground displacement at the fault in cm. (D) are related through the empirical equation

E = 3.4 × 10 17 ( l D )

in the range 6¼ < M < 8¼. This suggests that the energy released in these shocks is proportional to the area at the earth's surface of the zone of initially strained rock, and, as a corollary, that the volume of the initially strained rock is no thicker for the very large shocks than for the smallest shock with a surface fault trace. Strain energy for large, shallow-focus shocks in California and Nevada is stored in surface slabs of rock which are bounded below by a zone in which the rock can deform plastically at a rate that keeps up with the elastic deformation of the overlying slab.
Microseisms associated with norwesters
Authors: Chakrabarty S. K. , Sarker D.
Published: May 2021

abstract

Records of microseisms associated with norwesters have been analyzed, the records being taken with three electromagnetic seismographs. It has been observed that while no appreciable microseisms are recorded when the disturbance is very close to the observatory, prominent microseisms are recorded when the center of disturbance is over the Bay of Bengal and away from the coast. The records indicate that for the production of microseisms a layer of water about 1 km. thick under the center of disturbance is necessary, that the microseismic disturbance is transmitted through the ocean bottom, and that a beating of high waves on the steep coast is not necessary. A comparison of the recorded variation of the period and amplitude of the microseisms with the changes in position of the atmospheric disturbance, together with the theoretical results of studies on the propagation of Rayleigh waves, give a good estimate of the structure of the ocean bed as well as of the depth of the continental shelf.
Spectral aspect of earthquakes
Authors: Thomson William T.
Published: May 2021

Considering ground acceleration associated with earthquakes to be composed of a series of velocity impulses of random amplitude, time spacing, and wave shapes, a statistical approach is used to establish its power spectral density. The general result indicates that if the mean of the velocity pulses is zero, the power spectral density becomes a constant, regardless of wave shape and time spacing, thereby supporting the equipartition of energy theory, first advanced by Housner.
Soil conditions and damage in the Mexico earthquake of July 28, 1957
Authors: Duke C. Martin , Leeds David J.
Published: May 2021

abstract

A report is given of observations of the effects of soil conditions on damage in Mexico City and Guerrero State in the earthquake of July 28, 1957. An isoseismal map is presented which identifies anomalies in intensity distribution which appear to be closely related to local geology and soil conditions. Comparison is made between Mexico City, 170 miles from the epicenter and founded on the deep alluvium of Lake Texcoco, and several cities and villages 60 miles from the epicenter, founded on firmer deposits or granite.

Mexico City suffered Modified Mercalli intensities of VII and IV, respectively, in that part of the lake-bed area where tall buildings stand, and on the more compact formations. Of the several cities 60 miles from the epicenter, all suffered intensity V or less except Chilpancingo, where the intensity was VII to VIII. Chilpancingo rests on deep unconsolidated deposits; the other places are on rock or shallower unconsolidated deposits.
General solutions of equations of some geophysical importance
Authors: Takeuchi H.
Published: May 2021

abstract

General solutions are obtained in rectangular, circular cylindrical, and spherical co�nates for the equations of motion of a homogeneous isotropic elastic body (in § 2), the equations of the corresponding statical deformations (§ 3), the equations of motion of an incompressible viscous fluid (§ 4), the equations of the corresponding stationary motion (§ 5), and Maxwell's equations for a homogeneous isotropic conductor (§ 6).
AI Fitness Checks, Maintenance and Monitoring on Systems Managing Content & Data: A Study on CMS World
Authors: Ganapathy Apoorva
Published: May 2021

Artificial intelligence health checks, monitoring, and maintenance on system managing content in the CMS world are essential to prevent damage and avoidable expenses. To also avoid loss of time from massive downtime, AI has been employed for maintenance functions. Servers which are the houses and homes for data and content from computers, have to be maintained to allow the system to function at an optimal level. The use of AI for this maintenance involves a lot of factors. This work discusses these factors and how the various aspects work to monitor and maintain systems managing content and data. AI is programmed using health monitoring scripts which are commands executed by a particular programming language. This scripts program the AI to check and monitor servers for maintenance function. This maintenance aims to track CPU optimization and allow for the best functioning of the CPU using preventive and predictive maintenance techniques.
BLOOD PRESSURE INCREASES INDUCED BY IATROGENESIS, OVER THE COUNTER SUBSTANCES, AND HERBALS PRODUCTS
Authors: Wang Sarah , Sander Gary
Published: May 2021

A number of both prescription and over the counter drugs, herbal supplements, and miscellaneous substances can increase blood pressure in subjects by degrees that vary substantially within drug classes and individual patients; such increases often remain within the normal range but may cause overt hypertension (BP>140/90) mmHg and even precipitate hypertensive crises. Blood pressure increases are often potentiated by co-existing cardiovascular conditions, age, renal disease, diabetes, obesity, and interactions with other concomitant medications. The need to scrutinize for drugs or other substances that may be contributing to elevated blood pressures or impairing responses to anti-hypertensive medications is critically important, particularly in the evaluation of resistant and refractory hypertension. Anti-hypertensive effects of diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and β-blockers may be blunted. The drugs most commonly associated with blood pressure elevations are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, sympathomimetic amines, estrogen-containing oral contraceptives, certain antidepressants, angiogenesis inhibitors, and ephedra. Although most drug-induced blood pressure increases do not, in fact, lead to overt hypertension, systolic and diastolic blood pressure elevations of as little as 2 mmHg lead to significant increases in the risk of cardiovascular events. When a medication with the potential to increase blood pressure is added to a patient’s therapeutic regimen, it is most important to monitor for possible changes in blood pressure even within the normal range. An initial diagnosis of hypertension should not be made until a thorough examination of all over the counter products and herbal substances that a patient may be consuming.
Inference of Sojourn Time and Transition Density using the NLST X-ray Screening Data in Lung Cancer
Authors: Rahman Farhin , Wu Donfeng
Published: May 2021

Aims: The aim of this study is to provide statistical inference of the sojourn time and the transition probability from the disease free to the preclinical state of lung cancer for male and female smokers using lung cancer data from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). Materials and Methods: We applied a likelihood function to the lung cancer data, to obtain Bayesian inference of the transition probability and the sojourn time distribution. A log-normal distribution was used for the transition probability density function multiplied by 30%, and a Weibull distribution was used to model the sojourn time in the preclinical state. Results: The estimate of screening sensitivity is 0.61 for males and 0.62 for females. Early transition happened before age 50 and lasted until after age 90. The transition probability from the disease free to the preclinical state has a single maximum at around age 73 for males and 72 for females. For male, the Bayesian posterior mean, and median sojourn time are 1.33 and 1.27 years, respectively. For female, the corresponding posterior mean, and median sojourn time are 1.23 and 1.21 years, respectively. Conclusion: Our estimation showed that male smokers are more vulnerable to lung cancer, because they have a higher transition probability density than the same aged female smokers. The female smokers have a slightly shorter mean sojourn time than the male, meaning that they are quicker to develop clinical symptom of lung cancer.
El vertedero de los Cirojos I en el complejo alfarero de Tritium Magallum (Tricio, La Rioja)
Authors: Gil Zubillaga Luis , Luezas Pascual Rosa Aurora
Published: May 2021

El complejo alfarero de Tritium Magallum fue, junto con Andújar, uno de los centros peninsulares más importantes de elaboración de terra sigillata hispánica en época romana. En este trabajo se lleva a cabo el estudio de un vertedero localizado en una zona periurbana del noroeste del núcleo urbano tritiense. Este vertedero ha proporcionado niveles con materiales altoimperiales, siendo muy escasas las evidencias tardías. Este yacimiento ha aportado además de moldes para la elaboración de terra sigillata hispánica, plantillas, accesorios de horno, carretes de alfar, ajustadores, pirámide termométrica y un instrumento metálico de alfarero, un estilete. En el vertedero se han podido constatar gran cantidad de fragmentos de terra sigillata hispánica decorada, se trata de piezas pasadas de cocción, con el barniz alterado, que presentan coloraciones que varían del ocre al marrón y gris/negro. En el presente estudio analizamos los diferentes tipos de punzones sobre terra sigillata hispánica que ha proporcionado el vertedero.
Study of prescription pattern of antimicrobials used in post-operative surgical patients in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Hotwani Jitendra H. , Madkholkar Nishikant H.
Published: May 2021

Background: Antimicrobials are used for prophylaxis and treatment of infections which occur following surgical procedures, to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with surgical site infections (SSIs). A surgical site infection is an infection that occurs after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. These are infections of the tissues, organs, or spaces exposed by surgeons during performance of an invasive procedure.Methods: A prospective, non-interventional, observational study in tertiary care hospital for duration of 9 months. Sample size was 330.Results: The prescription pattern shows that nitroimidazoles were the most commonly prescribed group of antimicrobials in 72% of patients followed by penicillins (58%) and cephalosporins (42%). Metronidazole (72%), amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (51.21%) ceftriaxone (20.90%) were most commonly prescribed antimicrobials in these groups. Two antimicrobials were prescribed in 47% patients with nitroimidazole and penicillins being the most commonly prescribed combination of antimicrobial. Three antimicrobials were prescribed in 25% patients and four antimicrobials in 8% patients. This shows trend towards polypharmacy. About 82% of antimicrobials were prescribed by brand names and 64% of total antimicrobials prescribed from outside the hospital pharmacy source. About 12.42% of patients changed antimicrobial therapy after culture and sensitivity report.Conclusions: Total duration, number of anti-microbial used was more in clean-contaminated, contaminated, dirty wound surgeries as compare to clean wound surgeries. Our study provides a framework for continuous prescription audit of antimicrobials in a hospital setting and thus can help in rational use of antimicrobials in post-operative surgical patients.
Use of proton pump inhibitors in dialysis unit in tertiary care hospital: a pharmaco-epidemiological study
Authors: Pendhari Shabbir R. , Joshi Kedar S. , Limaye Ramchandra P.
Published: May 2021

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are generally thought to be safer drug with fewer adverse effects. Though this class of the drug is thought to be well tolerated, a detail study about actual use of these agents in nephrology department is still awaited in many parts of India. There had been case reports and case series which were reporting PPIs producing acute interstitial nephritis progressing to acute renal failure. The risk of PPI treatment in haemodialysis patients remains unexplored. The aim of the study was to evaluate a drug utilization of PPI in patient undergoing haemodialysis procedure.Methods: In this study every day visit to the dialysis units of the hospitals was carried out. After taking consent from the patients, the information from the case-report form was noted like; age, sex, diagnosis, laboratory reports and drug prescried. No personally identifiable information about patient or physician was collected. After this an interview of patients was taken.Results: In this study, out of 126 patients 76.6% were male and 23.4% were female. Out of these 126 patients 88.89% patients were on PPI. Nearly 54% were using PPI for more than six months. Nearly 29% patients were using PPI for more than 12 months.Conclusions: As many case-reports and studies are suggesting, there is co-relation of PPI and acute interstitial nephritis from this study we suggest that especially in nephrology unit patients’, more caution must be exercised while using PPI.
A study and evaluation of cutaneous adverse drug reaction in the patients attending dermatology department of tertiary care teaching hospital in Eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Gupta Dharmender , Gairola Bikash , Kumar Bijay , Bharath Masuram , Ansari Mohd Shadab
Published: May 2021

Background: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) are most frequently reported type of ADRs and can be caused by variety of drugs. The clinical patterns of adverse cutaneous drug reactions and the drug responsible for them is changing every year due to the emergence of newer molecules and changing trends in the use of drugs.Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional and observational study done for a period of 6 months to evaluate the clinical pattern of CADRs and their causative drugs in the tertiary health care.Results: Over all 55 patients were detected with cutaneous adverse drug reaction. The majority of CADRs were in the age group of 18-35 years (63.46%). Fixed drug eruptions (FDE) being the most common adverse cutaneous drug reaction (34.68%) followed by maculopapular rash (23%), NSAIDs being the most common, followed by antimicrobial agents.Conclusions: Knowledge of these drug eruptions, the causative drugs are essential for the clinicians and implementing the ADRs reporting and monitoring system, one can promote drug safety and better patients care, among health care professionals.