bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos básicos del método de amplitudes I: caso sin masa
Authors: Reyes Pérez Jonathan
Published: January 2025

In this work, the helicity spinors formalism or just amplitudes is reviewed in four-dimensional space (D = 4), in the context of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). Explicit calculations for the amplitude of the physical process e +e − → µ +µ − at the tree level in the high energy or ultra-relativistic limit are shown as an example of motivation for study this method. The objective is to introduce particle physics students to the new calculation techniques that are developed from the amplitude program.
En este trabajo se revisa el formalismo de los espinores de helicidad o el método de amplitudes en el espacio de cuatro dimensiones (D=4), en el contexto de la Electrodinámica Cuántica (QED, por sus siglas en inglés). Se muestran los cálculos explícitos de la amplitud del proceso físico e+ e- ---> mu+ mu-  a nivel árbol como un ejemplo de motivación a este método en el límite de altas energías o ultra-relativista. El objetivo es introducir a estudiantes de física en las nuevas técnicas de cálculo que se desarrollan a partir del formalismo de amplitudes.
Simulación de un sistema básico de detección de muones usando software libre
Authors: Patiño Gallego Paula , Benavides Richard , Tapia Alex , Mart´ınez Caicedo David
Published: January 2025

Los detectores de partículas construidos con barras centelladoras plásticas se han utilizado en aplicaciones de física de altas energías por mucho tiempo, ya que poseen una respuesta rápida a la producción de fotones, son fáciles de fabricar y son de bajo costo. Se utilizan generalmente con sensores de luz, como los foto-sensores de silicio (SiPM), los cuales se han utilizado en los últimos años por su alta eficiencia y su bajo voltaje de operación, entre otras ventajas. Generalmente, los SiPM se encuentran en un extremo de la barra para colectar la luz y de esta manera crear una señal electrónica de salida. El objetivo de este trabajo es simular el proceso de recolección de luz, partiendo desde el momento cuando los fotones ópticos son producidos por el flujo de muones atravesando una barra centelladora, su viaje a través de una fibra óptica de corrimiento de longitud de onda, hasta su detección por parte del SiPM. Esta simulación implementada en un software libre y de código abierto como lo es GEANT4 puede servir como una guía importante para estudiantes latinoamericanos que estén interesados en aprender la física de detectores de partículas elementales.
pymcabc: A particle physics toy toolbox for the ABC model
Authors: Desai Aman
Published: January 2025

We present the pymcabc software, which is a Monte Carlo event generator for the ABC toy model. The ABC model consists of three scalar particles of arbitrary masses. The only interaction among these particles occurs when all three of them are present together. The pymcabc software can calculate all the leading-order cross-sections as well as decay widths within the ABC model and it can simulate all the scattering processes within the ABC model. Moreover, it simulates the decays associated with the heavy-particle final state, leading to a 2 → 3 or a 2 → 4 type final states within the ABC model. We also apply toy detector effects to simulate the detector response of a toy tracker for three-momentum measurements and a toy calorimeter for energy measurements. Using the results of the pymcabc software, we also illustrate some well-known physics analyses techniques such as the analysis of the lineshape of a heavy propagator and the recoil mass reconstruction technique.
GUI of Complex plane on Excel spreadsheets
Authors: Tufail Muhammad Yousuf , Gul Saima
Published: January 2025

In this paper we provide two spreadsheets in Excel for university students and teachers. These spreadsheets contains the geometrical representation of complex numbers, conversion in polar and rectangular forms and four basic math operation that are addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Further we also established that complex number satisfies the parallelogram law
Broad spectrum attenuated total reflectance: numerical and experimental demonstration
Authors: Pisano Eduardo , Armenta-Monzón Fabiola , Rodríguez Beltrán René Israel , Ornelas-Soto Nancy , Mendivil Palma María Isabel , García-García Alejandra , Tellez-Limon Ricardo
Published: January 2025

Nano-optics is one of the most rapidly expanding fields in physics. Providing students with a basic knowledge of nano-optics and its practical applications, bridges the gap between theoretical concepts and real-world technological advancements, making the study of this branch of physics more tangible and exciting. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of the reflectivity of light from a thin-multilayered system across a broad spectrum. We theoretically examined the reflection of incident plane waves at interfaces between different media using the T-matrix method. We compared our theoretical findings with experimental results obtained from an attenuated total reflection (ATR) setup, which employed a supercontinuum laser as light source. This setup allowed us to observe both angular and spectral dependence of reflectivity. The sample under study, fabricated using e-beam physical vapor deposition, consisted of a BK-7 glass substrate, a 3 nm Cr layer, a 30 nm Au layer, and air as the superstrate. The obtained results demonstrate the accuracy of both, experimental and numerical methods. Our study not only serves as a valuable didactic resource, but also opens new perspectives for sensing applications where spectral shift of plasmonic resonances is a subject of interest.
The Kepler problem on the lattice
Authors: Sanjinés Diego , Mamani Evaristo , Velasco Javier
Published: January 2025

We study the motion of a particle in a 3-dimensional lattice in the presence of a potential −V1/r, but we demonstrate semiclassicaly that the trajectories will always remain in a plane which can be taken as a rectangular lattice. The Hamiltonian model for this problem is the conservative tight-binding one with lattice constants a, b and hopping elements A, B in the XY axes, respectively. We use the semiclassical and quantum formalisms; for the latter we apply the pseudo-spectral algorithm to integrate the Schrödinger equation. Since the lattice discrete subspace is not isotropic, the angular momentum is not conserved, which has interesting consequences as chaotic trajectories and precession trajectories, similar to the astronomical precession trajectories due to non-central gravitational forces, notably, the non-relativistic Mercury’s perihelion precession. Although the elements of the mass tensor are naturally different in a rectangular lattice, these can be chosen to be still different in the continuum, which permits to study the motion with kinetic energies pi2/2mi (i = x,y). We calculate also the contour plots of an initial Gaussian wavepacket as it moves in the lattice and we propose an “intrinsec angular momentum” S associated to its asymmetrical deformation, such that the quantum and semiclassical angular momenta, Lq, Lc , respectively, could be related as Lq = Lc + αS.
Gemcitabine-Induced Pseudocellulitis
Authors: Talamo Giampaolo , Schecter Jennifer , Poulose Joyson
Published: January 2025

Gemcitabine is a chemotherapy agent that belongs to the class of pyrimidine analogues. It is used, alone or in combination, in a variety of neoplasms, including breast, lung, pancreatic, biliary, and ovarian cancers. One of its rare side effects is a form of cutaneous inflammation called “pseudocellulitis,” because it clinically manifests with local erythema, edema, and tenderness, as seen in cellulitis of infectious origin. We present the case of a 75-year-old woman with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, who was hospitalized with an inflammatory reaction in her legs after the administration of gemcitabine. Based on clinical considerations and the results of the punch biopsy of the skin, our diagnostic conclusion was gemcitabine-induced pseudocellulitis. We review the literature reporting this rare form of dermatologic toxicity, and we describe its possible pathogenesis and management strategies.
Back from Crisis Mode: Exploring Care-Centered Approaches to Teaching in LIS
Authors: Hands Africa S. , Shankar Saguna
Published: January 2025

While implementing COVID-era online education caused frustration for many, the hasty change in educational format put a spotlight on the existing challenges faced by many students. Students experience struggles related to child care, elder care, unstable housing conditions, poverty, unemployment, lack of internet access, and mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic thrust faculty and students into unknown territory with the urgent need to simultaneously navigate personal, professional, and educational responsibilities in a digital environment. In addition to highlighting structural and economic issues concerning digital access, this moment of crisis revealed the need to question and overhaul existing pedagogical approaches in all online and in-person settings. Drawing on insights from bell hooks, Nel Noddings, and Joan Tronto, this commentary focuses on the following question: What do care-centered pedagogical approaches have to offer library and information science faculty as we continue operating in a new normal? Four approaches are offered for consideration and discussion.
Los 10 países con mayor gasto militar en 2023 y las 10 empresas industriales militares más grandes del mundo en 2024
Authors: Hernández Arriaga José Juan
Published: January 2025

Infografía que presenta los 10 países con mayor gasto militar (2023), así como las 10 empresas militares más grandes en el mundo (2024).
Investigating Dietitians’ Knowledge and Comfort in Supporting Muslim Clients and Communities Who Fast During Ramadan
Authors: Richmond Martina , Hillier Katherine , Walker Sharon , Anjum Afroze , Desmarais Marisa , Lubchenko Keara , Souchotte Jayden
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The purpose of this preliminary study was to explore Saskatchewan Registered Dietitians’ perceived knowledge, comfort, and access to resources in supporting Muslims who choose to fast during Ramadan.

Methods: An online anonymous survey was distributed to Saskatchewan dietitians from January 31 to February 22, 2022. Quantitative data analysis was employed using Microsoft Excel.

Results: A total of 93 dietitians completed the survey. Most participants understood that fasting involved abstaining from food and drink (90%, 80/90). Further, participants (71%, 65/92) reported they had never provided care during Ramadan to fasting Muslims, and some (55%, 48/88) felt they did not have access to nutrition guidelines to help Muslims choosing to fast during Ramadan. Yet, 97% (85/88) of participants believe understanding Ramadan is important to providing culturally safe care.

Conclusion: Few registered dietitians in Saskatchewan had knowledge regarding Ramadan fasting practices. Some Saskatchewan dietitians may feel uncomfortable due to the limited experience reported providing care to Muslims during Ramadan. Future research should further investigate Canadian dietitians’ knowledge, attitude, and practices providing culturally safe care to Muslims during Ramadan.
E-Module Based on Multicultural Values: Development Strategy for Islamic Primary Education
Authors: Azkiya Hidayati , WS Hasanuddin , Hayati Yenni
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explain the validity and practicality of the E-module theme 4 based on the values of multicultural education in Sub-theme 1 in the fourth grade of elementary school. The type of research used is research and development with a 4-D development model, namely define, design, development, and disseminate. The research instrument includes validation sheets by 3 expert lecturers, namely material experts, design experts, and linguists, and questionnaire responses from educators and students. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the assessment from material expert lecturers included aspects of content feasibility with a score (96,87%) in the very valid category and the integration aspect (92,85%) in the very valid category. The results of the assessment from design expert lecturers include the presentation component aspect (90,62%) in the very valid category, and the graphic aspect (82,14%) in the valid category. The assessment results from linguistic lecturers include aspects of language (92,5%) in the very valid category. From the three expert lecturers' assessment results, an overall average of 90,99% was obtained with a very valid category. The results of the practicality test by educators obtained an average of (91,67%) in the very practical category and the results of the practicality test by the students obtained an average of (97,99%) and categorized as very practical. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the development of the e-module theme 4 based on the values of multicultural education in elementary schools is very valid, and very practical. So that it can be used in the learning process by educators, and for other researchers it is recommended to be able to develop e-learning modules based on character education values in other materials.
The Simulation of Performance and Emissions from Rapeseed and Soybean Methyl Ester in Different Injection Pressures
Authors: Bhikuning Annisa
Published: January 2025

Biodiesel is one of the promising alternative fuels of the future that is environmentally friendly. Biodiesel can be produced from rapeseed, soybeans, coconut oil, jatropha and many others. It is important to analyze the effect of comparison between diesel fuel and biodiesel to study the effect of combustion and emissions of these fuels. In this research, the simulation of combustion and emission is done with Diesel RK. Three fuels are studied; diesel fuel, rapeseed methyl ester (RME) and soybean methyl ester (SME). The engine was simulated at 2000 rpm and the injection pressures were 944, 1191, 1297, 1420 and 1729 bar respectively. The results show that the specific fuel consumption (SFC), particulate matter (PM), and CO2 emissions of diesel fuel are relatively the same for different injection pressures. However, the SFC, PM and CO2 emissions for rapeseed methyl ester and soybean methyl ester decrease with increasing injection pressure. These results can prove that higher injection pressures in diesel engines can improve combustion and reduce emissions of biodiesel fuel as compared to diesel fuel.
Sustainable Transport: The Role of Clean Energy, Mass Rapid Transit, Non-motorized Mobility, and Challenges to Achievement
Authors: Setiyo Muji
Published: January 2025

Sustainable transport is an important concept to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and to realize a cleaner and more sustainable future. This is achieved through the use of clean energy, low-emission vehicles, efficient use of resources, and transportation planning that considers the needs of the environment and society. Therefore, the use of clean and renewable energy sources, Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), and non-motorized mobility continue to be promoted to support a sustainable transportation system. However, there are several challenges that must be overcome to achieve a truly sustainable transport system, including the costs of switching to clean energy and low-emission vehicles, the lack of infrastructure to support sustainable transport, and the need for greater public awareness and education. about the benefits of sustainable transportation.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ВЧИТЕЛЯ МУЗИЧНОГО МИСТЕЦТВА У ПРОЦЕСІ ІНТЕГРОВАНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Онофрійчук Людмила , Червоній Марія , Лановенко Наталія , Газінська Олеся
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the problem of forming the information and communication competence of the future music teacher in the process of integrated education. The relevance is emphasized by the growth of the information and technological space and the renewal of the resource provision of the higher school. Attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring the integrability of the educational content, the success of which depends on the availability of systematic knowledge from various artistic fields. The analysis of Ukrainian and foreign scientific sources was carried out and the need to highlight the ways of forming the information and communication competence of the future music teacher in the process of integrated education was determined.
The key concepts: «competency», «communicative competence», «information-communicative competence», «artistic-information competence» were analyzed, the structure of information-digital competence according to the teacher's standard was considered and it was indicated that an integrated approach in this process will contribute to the disclosure of the creative potential of an individual and desire for self-improvement.
The main ways of forming the information and communication competence of the future music teacher in the process of integrated learning are highlighted: creating a favorable psychological environment during the use of information and communication technologies, increasing motivation and interest; focus on the development of critical thinking in the process of integrated learning; stimulating the future music teacher to his own creativity with the help of information and communication technologies; systematic application of information and communication technologies.
The digital resources of FL Studio, GarageBand, which provide an opportunity to learn the basics of composition, arrangement, etc. and virtual resources on the YouTube and Facebook platforms, are considered. It was determined that the acquisition of information and communication competence by the future music teacher will reveal new opportunities for the use of digital products in the educational process.
Reading Les Mandarins
Authors: Gillespie John
Published: January 2025

This article advocates reading Les Mandarins taking into account, first of all, that it is a novel, leaving aside the familiar theories that it is a roman-à-clef, a roman-à-thèse, a biographical chronicle, or all three. It considers the novel's setting, point of view, plot and character in relation to political activism, love relationships, the literary vocation, as well as its metaphysical framework. I argue that this approach leads to a more complete understanding of the novel's multi-layered world, avoiding the distracting and misleading nature of those theories. I conclude by stating that Beauvoir's own defence of her work confirms such a reading.
Interviews and Conversations
Authors: Varma Rahul , Nallappan Deepa , Dharmoo Gabriel , Maphanga Thobile , Touré Ndèye Mané
Published: January 2025

A conversation with Deepa Nallappan (Bharata Natyam choreographer), Rahul Varma (playwright and theatre director), and Gabriel Dharmoo (composer, singer, performer, drag artist), three Montréal artists with biographical ties to India or Indian culture. This exchange about the role of Indian identities in their respective art practices took place on May 7, 2024, at Concordia University in Montréal. TURBA was represented by our co-editor Sandeep Bhagwati (composer, music researcher).
Vantage Points: Critical Essays, Historiographic Accounts, First-Person Narratives
Authors: Munipov Alexey , Wikler Ruth Juliet , Motaung Obett , Botanova Kateryna , Sanou Aguibou Bougobali
Published: January 2025

A story is told about the composer Tigran Mansurian, a living classic of contemporary Armenian music. He was born in Beirut to an Armenian family and moved with his parents to Soviet Armenia in 1947. They settled in a small mountain town, where Mansurian taught himself music, quickly falling under the spell of Anton Webern and postwar avant-garde. For the premiere of his first rather complex symphonic piece, he invited his fellow townspeople and neighbors. Seating them in the front row, he anxiously observed their faces. He knew that they had not only never heard such music before but had never even attended a symphony orchestra concert: most of his neighbors worked in the stone quarries. Mansurian's avant-garde composition, based on strict serial techniques, was listened to with very stern faces. Finally, one of them smiled and said, “I recognize Tigran!”
KEY ASPECTS AND WAYS TO REDUCE THE LEVEL OF NON-PERFORMING ASSETS OF A BANK WITH FOREIGN EQUITY DURING 2014-2023 AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors:   ВНЗ "Університет економіки та права "КРОК", Алефіренко Олександр , Терехов Віктор
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to a detailed study of the approach to the management of non-performing assets, which was applied by the management of JSC "PIRAEUS BANK ICB" (hereinafter - the Bank) during the period 2014-2023. The study is grounded on the analysis of the annual audit report of the Bank's financial activity and management, statistical data of the National Bank of Ukraine on the dynamics of the share of the non-performing loan portfolio of Ukrainian banks, interviews with the Bank's top management. The purpose of the study is to find out and highlight the key aspects and ways of reducing the level of non-performing assets of the Bank for the further implementation of effective experience, taking into account the current conditions of globalization processes. The following methods were used to write the article and conduct research: theoretical generalization - to determine the role and relevance of the phenomenon of problematic assets in the banking sector, the method of statistical analysis to collect data about the amount of problematic assets of banks in the cross-section of the countries of the world and Ukraine, the historical research method to study the level of non-performing assets in dynamics, graphical method - for visualization of the dynamics of the share of non-performing assets. As a result of the study, three main ways of reducing the level of non-performing assets were formulated, which proved to be effective in worldwide practice and can be implemented both in a bank with foreign equity and scaled to the banking system of Ukraine. The prospect of further research can be seen in a more detailed study of the experience of working with non-performing assets of the Eurozone countries, the study of electronic platforms and special asset management companies.
PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPETENCE OF TEACHERS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE NEW PROFESSIONAL STANDARD: CHALLENGES AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES
Authors:   Харківський національний університет імені В. Н. Каразіна, Даценко Тетяна
Published: January 2025

The article examines the significance of a teacher’s psychological competence based on the requirements of the new professional standard «Teacher of General Secondary Education Institution». A number of scientific studies addressing the issue of psychological competence from various perspectives are analyzed, particularly in the context of interpersonal interactions and the adaptation of pedagogical approaches. Psychological competence is defined as the ability of a teacher to effectively interact with participants in the educational process, navigate social situations, recognize emotional states and individual characteristics of each person, and apply appropriate methods to support students’ psychological well-being.

The importance of the teacher’s ability to create a positive psychological climate in the classroom and assess students’ emotional states to ensure a supportive educational environment is emphasized. It is highlighted that, in the context of the challenges posed by the consequences of war and social-psychological changes in society, psychological competence is crucial for supporting students’ motivation and emotional development.

A detailed analysis of the challenges that teachers may encounter in the process of developing psychological competence in the current context is provided. Key aspects such as the need to consider students’ individual psychological characteristics, adapt pedagogical methods to emotional needs, foster motivation, and promote positive self-esteem are identified. The article also discusses ways to overcome these challenges through systematic teacher professional development, participation in training programs, and the development of psychological skills that help create a comfortable and effective educational environment.

Overall, the article emphasizes the importance of developing psychological competence as an integral part of teaching, enhancing the educational process, and ensuring quality learning for students amid social-psychological changes.
Response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes to high temperature under late sown condition.
Authors: Praween Nagmi , Kumar Yogesh , Sikarwar Ravendra Singh , Quatadah Syed Mohd , Basu P.S. , Mondal Biswajit , Dixit G.P.
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Global warming and fluctuating cropping conditions pose significant threats to food security in developing nations. Increased temperatures during reproductive phases, such as flowering, podding, and grain filling, in chickpea cause severe yield loss due to flower dropping and poor seed set. The heat stress (>350C) at flowering and podding results in drastic reduction in seed yield. It has been reported by researcher that with increase of per 1°C temperature there is loss of 53 kg yield (Karla et al. 2008). To overcome this issue, it is crucial to screen and identify heat stress tolerance chickpea lines that can be used in breeding programs. This study evaluated 113 elite chickpea genotypes, including release varieties, land races, exotic collection, and advance breeding lines, at the research farm of ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur, during Rabi 2019-20 and 2020-21 under timely and late sown cropping environments. Analysis of variance of heat tolerance indices varied significantly and exhibited that high temperature has a direct impact on seed yield, with a reduction in mean seed yield of all genotypes under high temperature stress condition compared to non-stress conditions.
The study analyzed the correlation between seed yield under non-stress and stress-sown conditions and heat tolerance indices. Results showed a significant correlation between seed yield under non-stress conditions and heat tolerance indices like YI, STI, MP, MRP, GMP, and TOL. However, there was no significant correlation with HIS, RSI, and PYR. Seed yield (YP and YS) was positively correlated with heat tolerance indices viz., YI (1.00), YSI (0.714**), STI (0.969**), MP (0.946**), MPR (0.965**) and GMP (0.963**) under both non stress and stress conditions but negatively correlated with TOL, HIS, RSI, and PYR. Selection based on these indices could enhance grain production under non-stress and stress conditions (Table 5).
Through the interpretation of the result of Heat stress tolerance indices, PCA, Biplot and Clustering analysis some genotypes viz., IPC17-129 (6.71 %), IPC18-131 (7.46 %), IPC17-143 (8.73 %), IPC16-136 (9.05%) and IPC17-351 (9.16) exhibited very less reduction % in seed yield under high temperature stress condition as compared to suitable heat tolerance (ICC1205, ICC7110, ICC15614 and JG14) and susceptible (DCP92-3) checks. So, these genotypes may be considered as suitable heat stress tolerance genotypes. It can be used for cultivation or it could be used as parent in breeding program for transferring heat stress tolerance gene to suitable agronomic background.
Key words: Chickpea, Heat stress, Seed yield, Heat tolerance indices, PCA, Bilot, Clustering
Pathogenic and genetic variation among Fusarium graminearum isolates causing head scab of wheat in India
Authors: H M Akshay Kumar , Aggarwal Rashmi , Gurjar Malkhan Singh , Dubey Himanshu , Nallathambi P , Saharan Mahender
Published: January 2025

Fusarium head blight (FHB) or head scab of wheat caused by Fusarium spp., is a global concern as recent outbreaks reported in Canada, Europe, Asia, Australia and South America. Presently, FHB is a minor disease in India but can cause significant yield loss if rain occurs during mid anthesis in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, the foot hills of Punjab and hilly areas in Tamil Nadu. Among head scab infected wheat ear heads collected from Dalang Maidan, Lahaul valley of Himachal Pradesh and Wellington, Nilgiris hills, Tamil Nadu, dominance of F. graminearum was observed. Twenty-nine Fusarium isolates were identified as F. graminearum based on morphological, cultural and molecular approaches. Pathogenic variation among 29 F. graminearum isolates was observed on wheat varieties (UP 2338, PBW 343, Sonalika, HD 2967, HD 3086, HD 29, MACS 5049, HS 645, VL 1013). After 7 and 14 days of inoculation, isolates from Wellington (Fg-W10 and Fg-W24) were found highly pathogenic while isolates Fg-W7 and Fg-W26 were found least pathogenic. Out of 23 SSR markers designed using whole genome sequence of F. graminearum PH-1 strain, 21 SSRs amplified F. graminearum isolates. Cluster analysis separated the isolates into two main groups. Group A consisting two isolates one from Wellington (Fg-W27) and another from Lahaul Spiti (Fg-L2). Group B contained all other 27 isolates. This study has shown that there is considerable pathogenic and genetic variability among F. graminearum isolates obtained from infected wheat ear heads from different geographic regions of India.
Identification of stable cultivars of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) based on GGE Biplot and MTSI index
Authors: Khandelwal Vikas , Reddy Sanjana , Satyavathi C. Tara , Gupta P.C. , Jain S.K. , Mungra K.D. , Tripathi M.K. , Yadav Devvart , Solanki R.K. , Patroti Parashuram
Published: January 2025

The present study was conducted to evaluate a total of 20 hybrids and five open-pollinated (OPVs) released varieties for their adaptability and stability and to identify traits that contributed towards yield increase under diverse ecological conditions. Variation due to location was predominantly greater, emphasizing the importance of specific adaptation. Thus, two mega environments (ME) were identified, ME1 bearing arid locations, Bikaner, Mandor and Jaipur with MPMH 17 as winning hybrid and ME2 with semi-arid locations, Gwalior, Hisar and Jamnagar with KSB and MP 7792 as winning hybrids. Hybrids with good tillering are suited for arid situations, while hybrids with higher grain and fodder yields, greater plant height, greater panicle length and late flowering are suitable for semi-arid situations. Pearson’s correlation indicated a positive and significant correlation among grain yield, dry fodder yield, panicle diameter and days to 50% flowering. The hybrids GHB 905, 86M01, HHB 197 and GHB 558 were selected through MTSI as superior hybrids for stability and performance for most of the agronomical traits across all evaluated locations. This selection index also supported 86M01 as a stable and high-mean-performing hybrid that was also widely adapted based on GGE Biplot.
Genetic diversity and marker-trait association analysis for grain quality, yield and yield attributes in hill rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: C Verma Harendra , Theunuo Sakuonuo , Das S. P. , Kumar Amit , Aochen C , Devi Lamalakshmi , Sarika K , Baishya L.  K. , Rajkhowa D J , Kalita H , Mishra V K , Behera Partha Pratim , Sarma R. N.
Published: January 2025

The studies on genetic diversity and marker-trait association analysis of north-eastern hill rice for grain quality and yield attributes are of enormous importance for the identification of promising rice genotypes with better grain and cooking quality. Genetic diversity among 130 rice genotypes of North East India and marker-trait association was assessed using genotypic data of 90 SSR markers and phenotypic data. The phenotypic diversity analysis showed considerable variation across genotypes for grain quality and yield-attributing traits. Population structure analysis, distance-based neighbor joining cluster and principal coordinate analysis using genotypic data grouped the genotypes into two sub-populations. Analysis of molecular variance and pairwise FST values showed significant differentiation among all the pairs of sub-populations. Marker trait association analysis revealed a total of six associations at p < 0.0001 for grain quality and yield attributing traits with R2 ranging from 3.55 to 11.91% under the upland ecosystem. The present study validated the association of the RM240 marker with Gel consistency and plant height gene on chromosome 3. The study indicated the presence of novel QTLs for days to maturity with RM210 and RM105 and days to flowering with RM101.
Mathematical modeling of Elbrus glaciers in the 21st century. Part 2. Forecasting glacier evolution and lake formation under various SSP scenarios
Authors: Postnikova T. N. , Rybak O. O. , Gubanov A. S. , Zekollarie H. , Huss M.
Published: January 2025

Probable scenarios of future changes in the Elbrus glaciers and associated with them phenomena such as formation of glacial lakes and remaining ice masses buried under the debris cover are considered. The SSP scenarios (SSP1–1.9, SSP1–2.6, SSP2–4.5, SSP3–7.0, SSP5–8.5) were used for of future climate forcing. Glacier dynamics was simulated using the GloGEMflow model, which was improved by including a module of evolving debris cover. According to the prognostic calculations of the surface mass balance of the glaciers, the loss of ice mass on the Elbrus will accelerate until the end of the 2030s, reaching approximately –1.1±0.3 m w. e. yr.–1. The volume of the glacier ice is expected to be reducing almost linearly until about 2040, after which the mass loss rate will slow down. Under the warmest climate change scenarios (SSP5–8.5, SSP3–7.0), almost all of the remaining ice masses in the North Caucasus will be concentrated on Elbrus by the end of the century. At the same time, by 2100 the glaciers of Elbrus themselves will retreat up to 4000 m above sea level and higher. In case of moderate warming (SSP1–1.9, SSP1–2.6) the position of glacier fronts may be stabilized at an altitude of 3600–3700 m. The study concerns also the dynamics of the debris cover, predicting its doubling in area and average thickness of 0.22 m by 2040. Although the effect of the debris cover on the total volume of ice on Elbrus is estimated to be minimal, it can temporarily slow down melting of the frontal parts and areas of dead (remaining) ice. According to our estimates, the retreat of the Elbrus glaciers may result in formation of up to 17 new lakes, of which six may potentially be temporarily dammed by dead (remaining) ice zones (up to 60 m thick for Djikaugenkioz). It is expected that the largest lake may be formed on the Djikaugenkioz plateau, it will be dammed by moraine with ice buried under it in the period from 2035 to 2045 if no sufficiently efficient runoff channels will appear. The approximate time and place of formation of such ice masses near the sites of lake formation, depending on the climatic scenario, are shown in the paper, since it is important from the point of view of the risk of outburst floods in the 21st century. Under moderate warming (scenario SSP1–2.6), up to 8 lakes are likely to be formed at the site of retreating glaciers Ulluchiran, Djikaugenkioz, and Bolshoy Azau. All of them may appear in the first half of the century, regardless of the climatic scenario.
Assessment of thermal resistance of snow cover in Spitsbergen
Authors: Osokin N. I. , Sosnovsky A. V.
Published: January 2025

Snow cover is an important factor that largely determines the thermal regime of the ground in the cold season. Thermal protective properties of snow cover are conditioned by its thermal resistance, equal to the ratio of the snow thickness to its thermal conductivity coefficient. The thermal resistance of the snow cover is equal to the sum of thermal resistances of its layers. Therefore, to assess the thermal resistance of the whole snow cover, the thermophysical parameters of each layer should be known that is a problem. Previously, assessment of the thermal resistance of snow cover was derived on the basis of data on the ground temperature with small fluctuations in the air temperature. In this case, the desired quantity of the thermal resistance is obtained with regards for all features of the snow thickness development at the time of measurement. This method is implemented with a quasi-stationary temperature distribution wityin the snow cover and ground. Mathematical modeling was used to assess the effect of small air temperature fluctuations on the snow surface temperature and the temperature gradient within the snow cover. The results of calculation demonstrated that the average temperature of the snow surface can be used to estimate the temperature gradient in a snow cover when its thickness exceeds 50 cm. Based on measurements of ground and air temperatures in the area of the Barentsburg weather station, the thermal resistance of the snow cover and its thermal conductivity coefficient were estimated. For the period 23-26 of March, 2023, the average value of the thermal resistance of the snow cover was equal to 3.23 m2·K/W at a standard deviation of 0.17 m2 K/W, and the thermal conductivity coefficient – 0.27 W/(m·K) at a standard deviation of 0.015 W/(m·K).
Las redes sociales en la cobertura de conflictos: las percepciones de los periodistas ante los riesgos, las oportunidades y el impacto en las rutinas profesionales
Authors: Unda Endemaño Annette , Iturregui Mardaras Leire
Published: January 2025

The use of social media has inevitably influenced the routines and working conditions of journalists covering conflicts since its consolidation during the Arab Spring. The main objective of this study is to analyse the vision that the Spanish media have of the influence of digital technology on their profession and to consider journalists’ perceptions of the risks such technology poses and its impact on both staff and freelance journalists. The analysis was carried out through in-depth interviews with both conflict journalists and international managers of Spanish media outlets (n=23). The chief results include the high degree of visibility and accessibility, the constant demand for updates along with the consequent increase in workload, the deterioration of news output resulting from worsening working conditions, and the challenges related to the lack of digital security tools among the Spanish media. Finally, the need for self-promotion on networks, especially in the case of freelance journalists, in addition to having an impact on their job opportunities, is seen as part of mediabrand positioning strategy.
Servicios móviles de mensajería instantánea y participación política: uso y percepción de utilidad por parte de la ciudadanía en España
Authors: Tirado García Alejandra , Casero-Ripollés Andreu
Published: January 2025

Mobile instant messaging services such as WhatsApp or Telegram have enabled new possibilities for the reconfiguration of democracy. Despite their popularisation, there is still limited research analysing the role of citizenship on these digital platforms in relation to politics. Therefore, our objective is to analyse citizens’ use of mobile instant messaging services for political activity and their perception of these platforms’ thirdusefulness for citizen participation. Additionally, we aim to determine the impact of sociopolitical factors on these uses. To achieve this, we conducted a survey through an online panel on the Qualtrics platform, launched in May 2023 and completed by 1,106 citizens residing in Spain. The results show that 91.32% of the surveyed users regularly use these digital platforms for political purposes, although their use significantly declines during election campaign periods. Generally, citizens are highly satisfied with using these platforms for involvement in public decision-making processes. Finally, it demonstrates how gender, ideology, and interest in politics are the most influential factors in the three variables analysed.
Micro-influencers y publicidad. Transparencia y ética en la creación de contenido
Authors: Fernández-Gómez Erika , Quintas-Fraufe Natalia
Published: January 2025

Due to the emergence of the influencer as a profession in which commercial content is created to the benefit of brands and faced with the controversy of not always disclosing this collaboration to the public, the concern regarding the transparency and ethics of influencer activity has been addressed in this paper from the viewpoint of these prescribers. For this purpose, 290 micro-influencers, who are those with less than 100,000 followers, were surveyed. Their selection was based on the fact that despite not working exclusively in this profession, they have a higher level of engagement than influencer groups. According to these prescribers, their followers know the brands they work with, and their fans are aware that they are given these products as gifts free of charge. As such, they accept the advertising content offered. However, the influencers do not always divulge this commercial partnership openly, but rather clandestinely, such as by mentioning the brand rather than using a clear advertising label, the latter of which is a practice that is included in standard regulations. The influencers also complain of unethical practices by companies due to the lack of monetization of their activity, as well as the lack of training in transparency.
Análisis comparado de tendencias formativas en periodismo en Chile
Authors: Medina Villablanca Massiel Belén , Reyes Rodríguez Alixon David
Published: January 2025

Objective: This work corresponds to a comparative analysis study, the units of analysis being the curricula of journalism careers in Chile. Methodology: The study uses a qualitative approach, with a case study of similar systems as type of research, based on a comparative analysis with a cross-sectional design. Results: There are coincidences in the curricular proposals, establishing training trends in journalism in Chile, and it can be said that the trends in the training of journalists in Chile have to do with the adaptation to the transformations in technologies, development of critical, reflective and analytical capacity, research capacity and interpretation of data, elaboration and production of contents, rigorous and ethical management of information, together with the capacity of adaptation and adaptation to work in different media platforms, supports, formats and journalistic genres. Conclusion: The coinciding competencies declared in the profiles committed by the Journalism careers in Chile, determine training trends of the professional journalist, considering the diversity of contexts, demands and training and occupational needs.
El marketing de influencers en Honduras: concepción, gestión y performatividad
Authors: Ramos Martínez Carol Melissa , Villafranca Santamaría Karen Jibely
Published: January 2025

TThe influencer marketing strategy (IMS) allows brands to communicate their messages and promote their products through the voice of an influencer. Understanding this strategy involves three key players: influencers, brands and advertising agencies. This research describes the current state of the IMS in Honduras. It identifies Honduran influencers and seeks to understand brand perception, as well as that of advertising agencies, while adding performativity as a category of analysis. Three sources of data were employed for this research: influencer profiles in social networks through netnographic elements; narratives through semi-structured interviews with brands and advertising agencies; and content analysis on performative elements present in influencers. The IMS in Honduras is not heterogeneous and requires consolidation. There is a clear typology of influencer that corresponds to what is expressed in the literature. Advertising agencies have a greater structure in management of IMS and performativity allows for a broader analysis of this strategy. Continuity in the study of IMS is suggested due the scarcity of scientific works in Honduras and the importance of strengthening the research capabilities of marketers in the country is ratified.
Desinformación en la guerra de la Ucrania: análisis de las agencias de verificación españolas en TikTok
Authors: Hidalgo-Cobo Pablo , Serrano Villalobos Olga , Puebla Martínez Belén
Published: January 2025

This research addresses the verification and debunking related to the war in Ukraine carried out by Spanish fact-checking agencies on TikTok. The agencies include EFE Verifica, Maldita, Newtral, and Verificat, all of which are affiliated with the International Fact-Checking Network. The aim is to analyse the features, purposes, and approaches used in debunking false information, and to identify similarities among the four agencies. The study has used statistical quantitative research methods that are exploratory, descriptive, and inferential in nature, based on content analysis. A total of 652 posts were reviewed, which were published on TikTok between February 2022 and March 2023, from which 91 verifications related to the war in Ukraine were revealed. The findings confirm prior research indicating a prevalence of fake news related to false contexts, video formats, and military attacks, which are the most common themes. What is striking is that the fact-checkers use more dynamic resources in order to adapt their work to the style of TikTok, with a predominant focus on debunking false information (e.g. public health), rather than giving long, drawn-out explanations. Finally, similarities have been identified among the agencies regarding the types of disinformation verified, as well as common themes and formats.
Reporteros del futuro: consumo de noticias entre estudiantes de periodismo en Portugal
Authors: Canavilhas João , Di Fátima Branco
Published: January 2025

Understanding journalism students’ perceptions of their news consumption is fundamental for defining media strategy and new professional profiles. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyse the relationship between Portuguese journalism students and news. To achieve this goal, an online survey was conducted. The analysed database comprises 449 responses from students representing all regions of the country. This dataset constitutes the largest and most diverse national sample to date for analysing this research topic in Portugal. The findings indicate that most respondents do not read printed newspapers and magazines, instead preferring to obtain information via traditional media websites, digital platforms, and social media. While the frequency of reading starts off relatively low, there is an observed increase as students advance through their journalism courses. For these young people, the consumption of news is primarily centred on digital platforms, with television being the last traditional medium to have a significant impact.
Inteligencia Artificial y Periodismo: explorando el punto de vista de los periodistas
Authors: Martínez-Navarro Gema
Published: January 2025

Numerosas investigaciones recientes han explorado el impacto de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en el periodismo, presentando diferentes perspectivas. Sin embargo, se observa una carencia de estudios que investiguen cómo los propios periodistas perciben y se adaptan a esta tecnología en su trabajo cotidiano. Este artículo examina, desde la perspectiva de los profesionales del periodismo, el impacto de la IA en sus labores diarias, incluyendo oportunidades, desafíos, implicaciones laborales y éticas. Utilizando una metodología mixta que combina revisión bibliográfica y análisis cualitativo mediante entrevistas, se obtiene una visión amplia y profunda del fenómeno. Los hallazgos revelan dos actitudes predominantes: aceptación y resistencia, condicionadas por el temor a la deshumanización del oficio y la pérdida de competencias esenciales. No obstante, se subraya la necesidad de integrar la IA de manera crítica y consciente, ya que es indispensable en el trabajo periodístico contemporáneo para asegurar la calidad e integridad del contenido informativo, así como preservar el papel fundamental de los periodistas.