bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parental involvement in decision making about intracranial pressure monitor placement in children with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Marsh Rebekah , Matlock Daniel D. , Maertens Julie A. , Rutebemberwa Alleluiah , Morris Megan A. , Hankinson Todd C. , Bennett Tellen D.
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE

Little is known about how parents of children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) participate or feel they should participate in decision making regarding placing an intracranial pressure (ICP) monitor. The objective of this study was to identify the perspectives and decisional or information needs of parents whose child sustained a TBI and may require an ICP monitor.

METHODS

This was a qualitative study at one US level I pediatric trauma center. The authors conducted in-depth semistructured interviews with 1) parents of critically injured children who have sustained a TBI and 2) clinicians who regularly care for children with TBI.

RESULTS

The authors interviewed 10 parents of 7 children (60% were mothers and 80% were white) and 28 clinicians (17 ICU clinicians and 11 surgeons). Overall, the authors found concordance between and among parents and clinicians about parental involvement in ICP monitor decision making. Parents and clinicians agreed that decision making about ICP monitoring in children who have suffered TBI is not and should not be shared between the parents and clinicians. The concordance was represented in 3 emergent themes. Parents wanted transparency, communication, and information (theme 2), but the life-threatening context of this decision (theme 1) created an environment where all involved reflected a clear preference for paternalism (theme 3).

CONCLUSIONS

The clear and concordant preference for clinician paternalistic decision making coupled with the parents’ needs to be informed suggests that a decision support tool for this decision should be clinician facing and should emphasize transparency in collaborative decision making between clinicians.
ANALISA DAN PERANCANGAN MESIN PENGUPAS BAWANG MERAH SKALA INDUSTRI PERUMAHAN (STUDI KASUS KOPERASI PRODUKSI MITRA KELAPA) SIDAHURIP KABUPATEN PANGANDARAN
Authors: Wijaya Wisnu , Rodiah Hj
Published: February 2020

Abstract: Onions are one type of food that is often used by various levels of society. Onions have a high value in their needs. Onion processing there are several obstacles that make production inhibit, namely in the stripping process. The manual stripping process takes extra time. The purpose of this final project will be to make an onion peeler machine more effective and efficient in its production process.Mechanization of agriculture will greatly assist the community in processing agricultural products, in this case shallots. The design of this shallot peeler machine uses a manual system because it was designed for residential scale industrial needs. Therefore the design is made with a simple form and at the time of making it will not cost a fortune.In this research, an onion peeling machine with a capacity of 2 kg of onion will be designed with a planned engine speed of 200 rpm. What will be analyzed later is the power needed to rotate and the force that must be exerted by the worker's arm to operate the machine.Keywords: Onion, onion peeler, power, styleAbstrak: Bawang merupakan salah satu jenis bahan pangan yang sering digunakan oleh berbagai lapisan masyarakat. Bawang memiliki nilai tinggi dalam kebutuhannya. Proses pengolahan bawang terdapat beberapa kendala yang membuat produksinya menjadi menghambat yaitu dalam proses pengupasan. Proses pengupasan secara manual membutuhkan waktu ekstra lama. Tujuan dari proyek akhir ini akan membuat mesin pengupas bawang yang lebih efektif dan efisien dalam proses produksinya.Mekanisasi pertanian akan sangat membantu masyarakat dalam mengolah hasil pertanian, dalam hal ini bawang merah. Perancangan mesin pengupas bawang merah ini menggunakan sistem manual karena memang dirancang untuk keperluan industri skala perumahan. Maka dari itu perancangan dibuat dengan bentuk yang sederhana dan pada pembuatannya nanti tidak memakan biaya yang mahal.Pada penelitian kali ini akan dirancang mesin pengupas kulit bawang dengan kapasitas 2 Kg bawang dengan putaran mesin yang direncanakan sebesar 200 rpm. Hal yang nanti akan dianalisis adalah daya yang dibutuhkan untuk memutar serta gaya yang harus dikeluarkan lengan pekerja untuk mengoperasikan mesin tersebut.Kata Kunci: Bawang, Mesin pengupas bawang, daya, gaya
Клінічний прогноз упродовж 12 місяців та його предиктори в пацієнтів із хронічною серцевою недостатністю і зниженою фракцією викиду лівого шлуночка
Authors: Voronkov L. G. , Voitsekhovska К. V. , Fedkiv S. V. , Koval V. I. , Babich P. M.
Published: February 2020

The aim – to establish and determine the limiting values of clinical and instrumental parameters associated with the development of adverse cardiovascular events (death or hospitalization) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 35 % at 12-month follow-up.Materials and methods. 120 hemodynamically stable patients, 18–75 years of age, with CHF, II–IV NYHA functional class, LVEF ≤ 35 % were examined. Patients were included in the study in the phase of clinical compensation. The endpoint was combined and defined as the time until the first hospitalization in connection with decompensation of CHF or death. The observation period was 12 months, the mean time before the onset of the combined critical point (CCP) was 8.67 months. The search for the limit values of the predictors was carried out using cluster analysis with two variables.Results and discussion. According to the results of the cluster analysis, the informative predictors of achieving a combined endpoint in patients with CHF within 12 months are the number of kilograms lost over the previous 6 months > 4.5 kg or body weight loss > 6.03 %, shoulder circumference of an unstrained arm ≤ 32.5 cm, strained arm ≤ 35 cm, hips ≤ 50 cm, cutaneous fat fold thickness above triceps ≤ 24 mm and in the inguinal region ≤ 8.5 mm, percentage of cutaneous fat mass ≤ 16.7 %, limb muscle mass index ≤ 8.96 kg/m2, BMI ≤ 31.2 kg/m2, C-reactive protein > 4.52 mg/ml, blood cholesterol ≤ 4.5 mmol/l, flow-dependent vasodilation result ≤ 9.09 %, TAPSE ≤ 11mm and the relation of TAPSE to pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) ≤ 0.27, the total score for the Minnesota questionnaire > 61 points, according to the DEFS scale > 22 points, according to Duke University questionnaire ≤ 8.575 points, test with 6-minute walk ≤ 255m and test with extension of the lower limb ≤ 22.Conclusions. The results of measuring anthropometric indicators reflecting the nutritional status of patients with CHF have an advantage over the results of densitometric determination of tissue components of the body in stratification of their long-term clinical risk.
Резистентна артеріальна гіпертензія в пацієнта з феохромоцитомою/парагангліомою
Authors: Mishchenko L. A. , Bezrodna L. V. , Matova O. O. , Tovkay O. A. , Lishchynskyi P. O. , Ratushnyak A. V. , Serbeniuk K. I. , Bezrodnyi V. B. , Gulkevych O. V.
Published: February 2020

Clinical case of pheochromocytoma accompanied by paraganglioma in patient with resistant arterial hypertension is presented. Pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma is the neoplasm, which produces catecholamines and consists of adrenomedullary chromaffin cells of adrenal glands or sympathic and parasympathic ganglia. Clinical course of disease depends on character and number of catecholamines which are excreted by neoplasm as well as how stable or episodic their release into the blood plasma is. Therefore, there is a persistent increase in blood pressure or hypertension has a paroxysmal (crisis) course. A feature of this clinical case is the absence of some characteristic diagnostic criteria. A targeted search was made for secondary causes of increased blood pressure despite the normal content of catecholamines in daily urine, the absence of adrenal gland changes during ultrasound. The clinical manifestations of pheochromocytoma, in addition to elevated blood pressure, were the presence of headache and palpitations. Significant weight loss by the patient over the past 1.5 years was noted which was caused by increased metabolism against the background of activation of the sympathoadrenal system. When performing duplex scanning of brachiocephalic arteries in the bifurcation region of both common carotid arteries, oval formations with clear even contours were revealed, which gave reason to suspect the atypical location of pheochromocytoma. Multispiral computed tomography with contrasting was performed of: abdominal cavity, adrenal gland, kidneys and renal arteries. In the course of the study, a rounded hypervascular formation with clear even contours was found in the body of the medial leg of the right adrenal gland. To clarify the diagnosis in the patient, the content of adrenaline and norepinephrine in the blood plasma was studied. An increase in norepinephrine by more than 4 times indicated the presence of a catecholamine-producing tumor. Thus, the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma of the right adrenal gland was confirmed and carotid paragangliomas of the neck were identified. The patient underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy, as well as the removal of carotid paragangliomas of the neck. Doses of antihypertensive drugs were significantly reduced, blood pressure decreased to the level of 130–140/80–90 mm Hg. This clinical case illustrates the need to focus doctors on the possibility of this pathology in the absence of characteristic laboratory and instrumental abnormalities, which requires a persistent search for the causes of hypertension.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PUZZLE UNTUK PEMBUKTIAN TEOREMA PYTHAGORAS
Authors: Rifai Mas’ud , Prihatnani Erlina
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan media pembelajaran yang valid, praktis dan efektif dalam membangun pemahaman tentang dalil Pythagoras. Hasil Penelitian ini adalah produk media pembelajaran berupa puzzle PuPPy (Puzzle Pembuktian Pythagoras). Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implementation, Evaluation). Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi media, lembar kepraktisan, pretest, posttest, dan lembar pendapat siswa. Media ini diujicobakan kepada 28 orang siswa kelas VIII D SMP Negeri 2 Tuntang Kabupaten Semarang. Uji kevalidan menghasilkan persentase 94,61 (sangat baik) dari ahli media dan 91,33% (sangat baik) dari ahli materi. Adapun analisis uji kepraktisan oleh guru menghasilkan persentase sebesar 95,5% dikategorikan sangat baik. Selain itu uji keefektifan menggunakan N-Gain memperoleh peningkatan sebesar 0,71 yang dikategorikan peningkatan tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa media PuPPy merupakan media yang valid, praktis dan efektif untuk membantu siswa mebangun pemahaman tentang dalil Pythagoras.
Upaya Meningkatkan Disiplin Guru Dalam Proses Pembelajaran Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Penerapan Reward And Punishment Di TK Tunas Mekar 1
Authors: Hapipah Ipit -
Published: February 2020

Abstract—Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah dari adanya fakta di lapangan yang sering dijumpai di sekolah  adalah  kurang  disiplinnya guru, terutama masalah  disiplin guru dalam menyusun  rencana pembelajaran yang akan digunakan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya penelitian agar dapat mengatasi hal tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah disiplin guru dalam pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan Reward and Punishment, dan bagaimana  upaya meningkatkan  disiplin guru dalam  pembelajaran  dengan melalui penerapan Reward and Punishment di TK Tunas Mekar 1. Penelitian ini dilakukan di TK Tunas Mekar 1 Kecamatan Cihaurbeuti Kabupaten Ciamis, dengan subjek penelitian adalah 1 orang kepala sekolah dan 2 orang guru, serta  siswa yang berjumlah 40 orang. Adapun metode  penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian  tindakan kelas (PTK).  Hasil penelitian menunjukan penerapan Reward and Punishment sangat baik untuk memotivasi guru dalam melaksanakan kewajibannya, hal ini dapat dilihat dari kualitas bahan ajar yang dibuat oleh guru-guru pada siklus I pertemuan 1 rata-rata mencapai 61,56 (Cukup), siklus I pertemuan 2 69,69 (cukup), siklus II pertemuan 1 77,19 (baik), dan siklus II pertemuan 2 89,38 (sangatbaik). Melalui  Reward and Punishment  tampak guru termotivasi  untuk  belajar dan berkomunikasi  dengan Kepala  Sekolah  serta  rekan-rekan guru lainnya  untuk meminta  pendapat dan saran mengenai  bahan ajar yang telah  dibuatnya. Hasil pengamatan  supervise  kunjungan  kelas menunjukan peningkatan yang baik, siklus I pertemuan 1 rata-rata 52,00, siklus I pertemuan 2 68,61, siklus II pertemuan 1 78,47, dan siklus II pertemuan 2 85,56. Hasil pengamatan  pelaksanaan pembelajaran guru dalam proses KBM menunjukan  adanya  peningkatan  prosentase yang signifikan, dimana untuk yang melaksanakan aspek-aspek pembelajaran di siklus I pertemuan 1 sebanyak 48,12%, siklus I pertemuan 2 56,40%, siklus II pertemuan 1 68,90%, dan  pada siklus II pertemuan 2 menunjukan hasil yang baikya  itu meningkat menjadi 80,23. Hasil pengamatan aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran menunjukan  adanya  peningkatan  prosentase yang signifikan, siklus I pertemuan  1 sebanyak 62,08%, siklus I pertemuan 2 70,42% , siklus II pertemuan 1 77,08%, dan pada siklus II pertemuan 2 85,42%. Untuk hasil tes belajar siswa menujukan adanya peningkatan, siklus I pertemuan 1 rata-rata 61,88, siklus I pertemuan 2 66,88, siklus II pertemuan 1 75,13, dan siklus II pertemuan 2 81,63. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian  tersebut, sudah  menjadi  tugas  seorang  Kepala  Sekolah  untuk  memotivasi guru dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran demi menjaga mutu sekolah yang baik sehingga akan dihasilkan peserta didik yang berkualitas.  Kata Kunci— Disiplin Guru, Hasil Belajar, Reward, Punishment.
Modern test benches for dynamic tests of tractor tires
Authors: Vlas'evnina E. A , Osipov O. I
Published: February 2020

For testing tractor tires and their wear, special laboratory stands with imitation of real tire operating conditions are used. They provide the definition of such characteristics of the tire as the possibility of continuous movement at maximum speed, the perception of forces during curvilinear movement, dynamic radius, tire rolling resistance, degree of tire heating, etc. Such test benches allow to evaluate the reliability of the tires and to identify the possibility of increasing their life cycle. The most common test benches include a fixed platform, a running drum, hydraulic cylinders, clamping devices, an electric drum drive, tire rotation mechanisms, a personal computer and a control panel. One of the drawbacks of such test benches is the presence of high losses to overcome efforts in the mechanisms of rotation of tires. Therefore, the urgent issue is to find solutions to improve energy efficiency and reliability of tractor tire tests. The article analyzes test benches of foreign and domestic manufacturers for dynamic tire tests. Their technical characteristics, functional indicators and overall dimensions are considered. Considerable attention is paid to the shortcomings of each of the test benches. A modernized version of the test bench is proposed, in which the disadvantages of analogues are taken into account and eliminated. The design of such a test bench allows testing tires, simulating their interaction with an uneven road surface, as well as reducing energy consumption and increasing the reliability of tire tests. A kinematic diagram of the test bench and a functional diagram of the power part of the electric drive of the test bench are proposed. Based on the technical data of the test benches and their capabilities, a comparative table is given, as well as conclusions about the feasibility of using more energy-efficient drives for such test benches is proven.
RETRACTED: Evaluation of vertical cooperative algebra connectivity in agricultural production-marketing chain based on control parameters
Authors: Li Yansheng , Zhang Jun , Chen Jinbo , Chang Sheng-Hung , Lam Anthony , Zhao Qiong
Published: February 2020

This article has been retracted, and the online PDF has been watermarked “RETRACTED”. The retraction notice is available at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219326.
Proficient until proven unproficient? Exploring attitudes and perceptions of medical specialists on proficiency, proficiency requirements and proficiency tests for electrosurgery
Authors: Maat Laura , Porte Petra J. , Verweij Lisanne M. , Wagner Cordula
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: The correct and safe use of electrosurgery requires medical specialists to be proficient. Minimum proficiency requirements and proficiency tests are a manner to structurally assure proficiency. The objective of this study is to explore attitudes and perceptions of medical specialists on proficiency, proficiency requirements and proficiency tests for the safe use of electrosurgery. METHODS: A qualitative study among medical specialists using semi-structured interviews. RESULTS: The participants recognized that the use of electrosurgery poses risks to the safety of patients and perioperative staff. According to some participants, increased awareness on the risks of electrosurgery is required. Most medical specialists however thought that proficiency of users of electrosurgery is sufficiently assured. Medical specialists stated to support proficiency requirements when they are endorsed by their scientific association. Proficiency tests encountered much resistance. Medical specialists argued that electrosurgery should not be tested as a single device but should be embedded in a larger entity, for example in a broader course or proficiency test. CONCLUSIONS: When assuring proficiency of users of electrosurgery, the positive attitude towards proficiency requirements and the more negative attitude towards proficiency tests should be taken into account.
Effect of gripping conditions and strip oscillations on vibrations originating at cold rolling
Authors: Kozhevnikov A. V.
Published: February 2020

The process of continuous rolling is subjected to non-stationarity, accompanied by oscillations of not only basic technological and power parameters, but also parameters in the hearth of deformation. Non-stationarity at the rolling accounting high dynamic of the process results in origination of negative vibration effects. To prevent the vibrations originations the rolling speed is decreased, which prevents the reaching of the designing parameters of rolling mills operation. The study of influence of non-stationarity of the rolling technological process on gripping conditions and origination of dangerous oscillations was carried out. Characteristics of rolling mode of strip of 2.0–0.45 × 970 mm dimension, accompanied by vibration was presented, as well as graphs of the strip oscillations in the process of stationary rolling and under conditions of vibrations origination presented. An assumption made, that during vibrations origination the gripping conditions of the strip by rollers are disturbed. It means that provision of the grip stationarity will decrease the risk of the vibrations originating at the rolling. The assumption was confirmed by the studies of the cold rolling at five-stand mill 1700 of Cherepovets steel-works. The calculations of the hearth of deformation parameters were made by application of an elaborated dynamic model of the rolling process. The higher probability of vibrations originating at the rolling of strips of smaller thickness explained. It was shown, that due to the strip length, the rolling of the thinner metal is accomplished at higher speeds, comparing with the rolling of thicker metal. In addition, it was shown that the friction coefficient value at that would promote increase of risk of non-stationary rolling mode originating. The support of stable friction conditions in the hearth of deformation is promoted by usage of chrome-plated working rollers and asymmetrical rolling.
Analysis of technical and economic indicators of the pyrometallurgical scheme co-processing of red mud and scale
Authors: Chesnokov Yu. A. , Marshuk L. A. , Tanutrov I. N. , Sviridova M. N.
Published: February 2020

Elaboration and implementation of effective technologies of utilization of alumina production wastes (red mud) is a rather actual task. Various variants of red mud and oiled rolling scale agglomeration considered aimed at their utilization at sinter and blast furnace plants to obtain conditional marketable cast iron. As the object of the study, red mud of OJSC RUSAL and oiled rolling scale of Sinarsky pipe manufacturing plant were used. It was shown, that their joint processing enables to obtain an agglomerated product having iron content more than 50%, which meets the modern requirements to the burden materials for blast furnaces. To determine the optimal scheme of the processing in the blast furnaces, various variants of studied materials agglomeration were calculated – an oxidizing roasting to obtain pellets and briquetting with application of burnt lime as a binder. The components interrelation in the mixture was selected to have iron content in the agglomerated product high enough at maximal possible volume of red mud utilization. The calculation analysis showed that interrelation 50% of red mud and 50% of oiled rolling scale meet the requirement. Calculated blast furnace heat indicators presented while applying briquettes and pellets from red mud and oiled rolling scale in the burden.
Pandangan dan Kontribusi Islam terhadap Perkembangan Sains
Authors: Fauzi Nasrul , Chudzaifah Ibnu
Published: February 2020

Islam acts for its adherents to conduct studies on the behavior or forms of circulation and changes that occur, both in the context of the universe and those that occur between fellow humans, as well as the development of modern technology. In connection with this understanding, the requested discussion of Islam, the words requested by the Prophet Muhammad, required compulsory knowledge for Muslims. Islam contributes to science between other verses in the Qur'an which encourages Muslims to develop science. Islam through the Qur'an is the basis of epistemology and ideology for Muslim scientists who connect their attitudes and relationships to transcendence with the creator. Expect that there is a spiritual dimension in dzikir and fear for Allah. Muslim appreciation of the amazing knowledge of the early days of Islam. At this time Muslims were able to play a role and master various disciplines. Islamic Ummah has a very prominent role but has differences in politics and internal crises in involving thinking, the role of Muslims is declining and very alarming. The role of Islam in the development of science and technology adds there are two namely First, making Islamic Aqeedah a paradigm of science. The paradigm that represents Muslims, is not a secular paradigm as it is now. Second, making Islamic Islam (born from Islamic Aqeedah) as a standard for the use of science and technology in everyday life.
Profile of Cesarean Sections Since the BPJS Era
Authors: Andalas Mohd. , R. Maharani Cut , Jannah Raudhatul , Harisah Siti , Haekal Muhammad , Ichsan
Published: February 2020

Objective: to find out the profile of caesarean section in dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital since the BPJS era.

Methods: This study was a descriptive-observational with retrospective design. The data were obtained in March-April 2017. We collected 3656 data from medical record period January 1st, 2014- December 31st, 2016.

Results: The finding showed there were 1669 vaginal deliveries (45,65%) and 1987 caesarean sections (54,35%). The most frequent causes to caesarean sections were induction failure (49,77%), cephalopelvic disproportion (14,33%), pregnancy induced hypertension (11,21%), malpresentation (8,91), and antepartum haemorrhage (4,33%).

Conclusion: The incidence of caesarean sections in dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital since the BPJS era was 54,35%, increased by 13,29% than the year of 2011-2013 (41,06%) with the most frequent cause is induction failure (49,77%).

Keywords: Antepartum haemorrhage, BPJS, Caesarean section, Induction failure, Pregnancy induced hypertension, Tertiary referral hospital.

 

Abstrak

Tujuan: Mengetahui profil persalinan seksio sesarea di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh pada era BPJS.

Metode: Penelitian deskriptif-observasional dengan desain studi retrospektif. Pengambilan data dimulai dari bulan Maret-April 2017. Sebanyak 3656 data dikumpulkan dari rekam medik periode 1 Januari 2014- 31 Desember 2016.

Hasil: Terdapat 1669 kasus persalinan pervaginam (45,65%) dan 1987 kasus seksio sesarea (54,35%). Indikasi terbanyak yang menyertai seksio sesarea adalah gagal induksi (49,77%), cephalopelvic disproportion (14,33%), hipertensi dalam kehamilan (11,21%), malpresentasi (8,91%), dan perdarahan antepartum (4,33%).

Kesimpulan: Angka seksio sesarea di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin meningkat 13,29% sejak berlakunya BPJS (1 Januari 2014-31 Desember 2016) mencapai 54,35% dibandingkan tahun 2011-2013 (41,07%) dengan indikasi terbanyak gagal induksi (49,77%).

Kata kunci: Perdarahan Antepartum, BPJS, Seksio sesarea, Gagal Induksi, Hipertensi dalam kehamilan, RS Rujukan Tersier.
Adverb Use in Iraqi Autistic Children: A Case Study
Authors: Jubair Kadhim Basim , Obayes Al-Azzawy Prof. Qasim , Abdulraheem Mahdi
Published: February 2020

This study is concerned with the Iraqi autistic patients’ conceptualization of adverbs of time and place at the levels of production and recognition. To measure the mental ability of a particular category of autistic patients in terms of adverb use, a group of seven to ten years of age, in the school of Hama’im Al-Salam for Language Impaired Children have been variously tested; using spontaneous oral tests by their own teachers. A number of twenty-five patient-students are selected to be representative enough. After collecting the data and conducting a qualitative and quantitive analysis, the study has come up with certain conclusions. Chief among them is that Iraqi autistic patients fail, most of the time, to recognize time adverb more than place adverbs using the silence as a strategy to show their failure in recognition and production of adverbs. Furthermore, certain paralinguistic cures are employed as the rolling of the eyes, nodding the head and smiling.
Assessment of Career Ambition of Head of Farm Families for their Children: A Case of Farmers in South Western Nigeria
Authors: Eyinade Gabriel Adewunmi , Ohi Akharume Celestine
Published: February 2020

In early 60s and 70s, agriculture is one of the key sectors of the Nigerian’s economy. The decline in agricultural production is attributed to the drudgery nature of traditional farming system mostly practice by farmers in the country and the influence of rural farmers on career choice of their children. The study therefore aims to assess the influence of head of farm families in career choice for their children using a descriptive statistics. Simple random sampling technique was used in selecting 120 rural farmers from Oyo State in Nigeria. Results show that 50% of the respondents were in their active age, 86.7% were married, 61.7% of the respondents had a household size of 3-6 family members, and 45.8% of the respondents had no formal education. The results of the Chi-square analysis further reveal that variables such as age, marital status, and household size, level of education, secondary occupation and membership of social organisation were statistically significant at 1% signifying that all the socio-economic variables have a significant relationship with the choice of career for the farmer’s children. To unlock farmers’ perspective on career choice ambition choosing for their children, the study suggests that more attention should be paid to improve traditional farming systems by several stakeholders and government, by providing farm equipment such as tractor and other farm implements which can make farming less rigorous, profitable and enjoyable to the rural youths in the rural communities.
PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI BLOCKCHAIN PADA PLATFORM CROWDFUNDING
Authors: Harahap Eka Purnama , Aini Qurotul , Anam Reza Khaerul
Published: February 2020

Crowdfunding sebagai program sosial di era teknologi ini merupakan terobosan baru untuk penggalangan dana kepada orang-orang yang membutuhkan atau untuk permodalan suatu project tertentu dengan cepat melalui media internet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat dari kemajuan teknologi blockchain dengan konsep smart contract sebagai media transaksi dalam platform crowdfunding, serta bagaimana teknologi ini dapat menyelesaikan masalah kepercayaan masyarakat karena platform ini melibatkan transaksi menggunakan uang. Dengan diterapkannya teknologi blockchain pada platform crowdfunding diharapkan dapat memastikan keamanan data serta transparansi dalam setiap transaksinya, sehingga tidak ada pemalsuan suatu project untuk mendapatkan keuntungan pribadi.
Influencia del amperaje y tiempo de residencia sobre la remoción de metales pesados en aguas ácidas por electrocoagulación
Authors: Gonzáles Paredes Enmy Eliany , Malca Yopla Mirian Nataly , Farfán Chilicaus Gary Christiam , Licapa Redolfo Gladys Sandi
Published: February 2020

La investigación tiene por objetivo determinar la influencia del amperaje y tiempo de residenciasobre la remoción de metales pesados en el tratamiento de aguas ácidas por electrocoagulación,proceso electroquímico que desestabiliza las cargas contaminantes por medio de electrodos, loque genera un intercambio iónico. Con el tiempo las partículas suspendidas propician una zona desedimentación y flotación debido a la densidad de los metales, dando como resultado la remociónde los metales presentes y agua de mejor calidad. Para comprobar este procedimiento se tomaron80 litros de muestra, de aguas acidas, de los Pad´s 6 y 7 con un pH entre 2.00 y 2.12; se trabajócon un reactor de 10 amperios, 2 electrodos, cátodo y ánodo, en un tiempo promedio de 3h con03 min. Se obtuvieron resultados entre 70- 100% de remoción de metales presentes y un agua deTipo III, debido a las variaciones del amperaje, cantidad de electrodos y tiempo de residencia; seobservaron cambios fisicoquímicos, obteniéndose un pH entre 5.15 y 6.00.Palabras clave: Electrocoagulación, electrodo, remoción de metales, agua ácida.
Elaboración de abono orgánico (biol) para su utilización en la producción de alfalfa (Medicago sativa v. vicus) en Cajamarca
Authors: Gutierrez Arce Felipe , Diaz Plasencia Sandy , Rojas Vásquez Zulema , Vallejos Fernández Luis Asunción , Gutierrez Arce Walter
Published: February 2020

La presente investigación se llevó a cabo en el Fundo La Victoria, propiedad de la UniversidadNacional de Cajamarca, departamento de Cajamarca, ubicado en el distrito de Huacaríz Chicosector La Victoria. El objetivo de la investigación fue proponer la elaboración de biol como unaalternativa ecológica eficiente en la mejora de la producción de alfalfa, y, al mismo tiempo, disminuirel impacto ambiental producido por la ganadería. Los materiales utilizados para la obtencióndel biol fueron: estiércol de vacuno, suero de leche, agua, chancaca, sulfato de cobre, sulfato demagnesio, sulfato de zinc, clorato de calcio, bórax, y como elementos complementarios: sangrede vacuno, harina de huesos, vísceras de pollo y de pescado. A los 45 días de su elaboración, secosechó el biol, tomándose una muestra que fue enviada al laboratorio para el análisis químico deminerales. Los tratamientos en estudio fueron ubicados en tres parcelas de alfalfa cuya extensiónen cada una fue de 2 x 4 m2; el T0 fue el tratamiento testigo sin aplicación de biol, el T1 fue eltratamiento al que se le aplicó 5 cc de biol diluido en 5 litros de agua y el T2 fue el tratamientoal que se le aplico 7.5 cc de biol diluido en 5 litros de agua. La evaluación de los tratamientos seinició a los 10 días después del corte y en este mismo periodo se inició la aplicación del biol tantodel T1 como del T2 utilizando una bomba de mochila, luego a intervalos de 20, 30, 40 y 55 días.Al finalizar el último periodo de aplicación del biol, se procedió a medir la altura de la alfalfade los tres tratamientos en estudio, cuyo resultado fue de 62, 73 y 85 cm para cada tratamiento,respectivamente. También se procedió a medir la producción de alfalfa en Base Fresca (kg) yen Materia Seca (%), obteniéndose para T0, T1 y T2: 1,45, 1,98, 2,63, en base fresca, respectivamente;y 20.35, 21.04, 23.00 en Materia Seca, respectivamente. Se concluyó entonces quela aplicación de biol orgánico permite la optimización del recurso forrajero (alfalfa) y al mismotiempo se alza como una alternativa para mitigar el impacto ambiental causado por la ganadería.Palabras clave: Biol, estiércol, alfalfa, abono orgánico, Cajamarca, alternativa ecológica.
Non-targeted tourism affects the behavioural budgets of bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus in the South Adriatic (Montenegro)
Authors: Clarkson J , Christiansen F , Awbery T , Abbiss L , Nikpaljevic N , Akkaya A
Published: February 2020

We investigated the short-term effects of non-targeted tourism on the behaviour of bottlenose dolphinsTursiops truncatusin the South Adriatic off the coast of Montenegro, by comparing dolphin group behaviour during impact (the presence of non-targeted tourism vessels) and control (absence of all marine vessels) scenarios. Tourism vessel and dolphin behavioural data were collected through systematic weekly land-based surveys. Using instantaneous focal ‘group’ scan sampling, the predominant behaviour of bottlenose dolphin groups was determined. To quantify the effect of vessel interactions on the behavioural budget of the dolphins, we followed a stepwise modelling approach. A first-order Markov chain was used to calculate the transition probabilities between behavioural states before a Monte Carlo simulation estimated the behavioural budgets of dolphins during impact and control situations. In the presence of non-targeted tourism, dolphins were found to be less likely to remain diving (during which dolphins were assumed to be feeding), whilst milling-socialising and surface feeding were completely absent from their behavioural repertoires. Nevertheless, the behavioural budgets demonstrated an increase in resting behaviour in the presence of non-targeted tourism vessels. No significant changes to travelling behaviour were observed. The decrease in foraging behaviour (both surface feeding and diving) could result in a reduction in energy intake for dolphins, which over time (assuming repeated disturbance) could negatively affect body condition, and ultimately survival and reproduction. Regulations on non-targeted tourism should therefore be considered to minimise potential long-term negative effects on dolphins within Montenegrin territorial waters.
Štamparovi pogledi na zdravstvenu edukaciju učenika u školama, studenata medicine i liječnika
Authors: Jandrić-Balen Marica , Balen Ivica
Published: February 2020

Prosvjetiteljstvo i pučka prosvjeta bili su Štamparova opsesija od mladosti. Uz to, uvijek je pokazivao i veliko zanimanje za zdravstveni odgoj u školama, ali i za nastavu na medicinskim fakultetima te za trajnu edukaciju diplomiranih liječnika. Prvi je put predložen za fakultetskoga nastavnika već 1922. godine, ali je tek osnivanjem Banovine Hrvatske dobio dozvolu za rad na Medicinskom fakultetu u Zagrebu. Tada je već imao 51 godinu. Vrlo brzo, već 1940. postao je dekan Medicinskoga fakulteta u Zagrebu, ali je nažalost tu karijeru prekinuo Drugi svjetski rat. Tijekom rata bio je interniran u Austriji, a nakon rata nastavio je raditi kao fakultetski nastavnik i ravnatelj Škole narodnoga zdravlja, koju je od 1947. godine uključio u fakultetsku dodiplomsku i postdiplomsku nastavu. Od 1952. godine pa do kraja života u ljeto 1958. godine pet puta za redom biran je za dekana Medicinskoga fakulteta u Zagrebu. Osnivač je drugoga medicinskoga fakulteta u Hrvatskoj, onoga u Rijeci 1956. godine. U okviru Medicinskog fakulteta u Zagrebu sredinom pedesetih godina XX. st. otvara Višu školu za medicinske sestre. Uvodi i dvogodišnju školu za bolničare, nakon završenoga osnovnog školovanja. Iako se fakultetskom nastavom bavio samo 15 godina, uglavnom pred kraj života, ipak je pridonio i tom području, prije svega stalnim nastojanjima u afirmaciji preventivne medicine, higijene i socijalne medicine.
Online Determining Heat Transfer Coefficient for Monitoring Transient Thermal Stresses
Authors: Jaremkiewicz Magdalena , Taler Jan
Published: February 2020

This paper proposes an effective method for determining thermal stresses in structural elements with a three-dimensional transient temperature field. This is the situation in the case of pressure elements of complex shapes. When the thermal stresses are determined by the finite element method (FEM), the temperature of the fluid and the heat transfer coefficient on the internal surface must be known. Both values are very difficult to determine under industrial conditions. In this paper, an inverse space marching method was proposed for the determination of the heat transfer coefficient on the active surface of the thick-walled plate. The temperature and heat flux on the exposed surface were obtained by measuring the unsteady temperature in a small region on the insulated external surface of a pressure component that is easily accessible. Three different procedures for the determination of the heat transfer coefficient on the water-spray surface were presented, with the division of the plate into three or four finite volumes in the normal direction to the plate surface. Calculation and experimental tests were carried out in order to validate the method. The results of the measurements and calculations agreed very well. The computer calculation time is short, so the technique can be used for online stress determination. The proposed method can be applied to monitor thermal stresses in the components of the power unit in thermal power plants, both conventional and nuclear.
Introduction: Alienated Majesty: On Reading as Othering
Authors: Newton Adam Zachary
Published: February 2020

Diese Gewähr eines moralischen Gewinns liegt in einer geistigen Disziplin, die gegenüber dem einzigen, was ungestraft verletzt werden kann, der Sprache, das höchste Maß einer Verantwortung festsetzt und wie keine andere geeignet ist, den Respekt vor jeglichem andern Lebensgut zu lehren [...]
Something Super-Wicked This Way Comes: Genre, Emergency, Expectation, and Learning to Die in Climate-Change Scotland
Authors: Hinde Dominic
Published: February 2020

This article approaches the issue of climate change and the response to it in Scotland from the perspective of genres of expectation and normality, focusing in particular on the relationship between genre, the political imagination, and calls for ‘climate realism’. Functioning partly as provocation and partly as a piece of critical theory on the problematic aspects of contemporary genres of expectation in Scotland, it discusses the push for normality as a driving force in the construction of imagined futures in the context of climate change, problematising how this fits with established expectations of the Scottish political imaginary and its futurity. Using the work of the scholar of genre and affect Lauren Berlant and her identification of genre as a means of ‘moving on’, it considers the idea of materially contingent narratives as an exit strategy from the present moment. To illustrate this, it briefly discusses Jenni Fagan’s contemporary climate change novel The Sunlight Pilgrims as an example of ‘irrealist’ confrontation of climate change and how this relates to the concept of the Anthropocene as an everyday experience. Ultimately, it concludes that contemporary attempts at climate realism require engagement with the irreal material circumstances of climate change and the fundamentally ‘super-wicked’ nature of climate processes in order to escape the constraints of progress, restoration, and normalisation as genre structures in discussion of climate futures.
Living Fatherhood in Adults Addicted to Substances: A Qualitative Study of Fathers in Psycho-Rehabilitative Drug Addiction Treatment for Heroin and Cocaine
Authors: Caponnetto Pasquale , Triscari Chiara , Maglia Marilena
Published: February 2020

The research aims to investigate the emotional experiences of the individuals who use drugs in terms of their parenting role as father, within a rehabilitative context. The study aims to analyze how dependence affects the exercise of the parental role, specifically paternity, with the aim of offering an overview of the father-son relationship while considering the possible limitations that characterize those who are forced to live parenting in an atypical way. It is necessary to help individuals who use drugs to be able to help them in life with the goal of establish a better parenting awareness and a good relationship with their father and their children. The research work made use of qualitative tools, specifically semi-structured interview, which was administered to a sample of 18 fathers that were treated in a rehabilitation clinic for individuals who use drugs. The used semi-structured interview made it possible to analyze the perception of participants about their paternity, the quality of the relationship with their father and their children, and the influence that the narcotic substance has generated in the relationship with their father and with their children.
Alkylation of Aromatic Compounds with Pentabromobenzyl Bromide and Tetrabromoxylene Dibromide as a New Route to High Molecular Weight Brominated Flame Retardants
Authors: Gelmont Mark , Yuzefovitch Michael , Yoffe David , Eden Eyal , Levchik Sergei
Published: February 2020

In the view of many national and international human health and environmental regulations, polymeric flame retardants are sustainable products. In this work, a series of high molecular weight and polymeric brominated flame retardants are synthesized by the alkylation of aromatic molecules or the alkylation of aromatic polymers with pentabromobenzyl bromide (PBBB) or tetrabromoxylylene dibromide (TBXDB). The flame retardants prepared via the alkylation of toluene or diphenylethane with PBBB were found to be not truly polymeric but had high Mw > 1400. However, the alkylation of the same aromatic molecules by a mixture of PBBB and TBXDP resulted in polymeric flame retardants with Mw > 130,000. Two other polymeric flame retardants were prepared by the alkylation of aromatic polymers (polyphenylene ether or polystyrene) with PBBB. It was found that the new flame retardants had a high bromine content of more than 68%. They showed high thermal stability with the onset of thermal decomposition above 360 °C and a maximum rate of weight loss at about 375–410 °C. The newly synthesized flame retardants were tested in different thermoplastics. Flame retardant efficiency and physical properties were comparable or better than the reference commercial flame retardants.
Research on Frequency Control of Islanded Microgrid with Multiple Distributed Power Sources
Authors: Liu Yirong , Wang Xiaoli , Wang Shilin
Published: February 2020

At present, some achievements have been made in the research on the energy management of microgrid operation. However, the research is mainly on the operation of grid-connected microgrid, while the research on the energy management of islanded microgrid is still relatively few. Frequency is one of the characteristics that affects the reliability and power quality of the microgrid. The essence of controlling frequency stability is to maintain source-load balance and redistribution of active power. Therefore, this paper proposes a frequency control strategy based on dynamically cutting machine to reduce load by analyzing the use priority of different distributed power supply and the division of load importance degree, and combining the influence degree of different frequency variation range on microgrid. To coordinate and control distributed power supply, energy storage device, and load in different frequency change areas, this paper proposes different control strategies. The seed strategies of the control strategy are discussed one by one. Experimental results show that the frequency control strategy can significantly improve the frequency stability of the power supply system and reduce the operating cost of islanded microgrid.
Introduction to “Religious Environmental Activism in Asia: Case Studies in Spiritual Ecology”
Authors: Sponsel Leslie
Published: February 2020

Environmental issues and problems are serious; some are getting worse, and occasionally new ones are still being discovered (Flannery 2010; Meyers and Kent 2005; Ripple et al [...]
Proust a contrapelo. Experiência temporal, obra de linguagem e crítica materialista
Authors: Oliveira Costa Luis Inacio
Published: February 2020

Em sua leitura da obra de Marcel Proust, Benjamin reconhece como uma questão de fundo da Recherche du temps perdu a correlação fundamental entre experiência histórica e elaboração linguística, preocupação que se situa, na verdade, no núcleo do pensamento benjaminiano. O presente artigo busca deter-se nessa questão central para Benjamin, em especial como ela é enfrentada nas duas últimas partes do ensaio Para a imagem de Proust, no qual Benjamin faz já um exercício de crítica materialista. Para esse projeto crítico benjaminiano que se aprofunda ao longo dos anos de 1930, a obra de linguagem se destaca como um médium histórico-linguístico no qual o ainda não expresso pode alcançar expressão. È por essa via que o experimento narrativo da Recherche busca ser lido por Benjamin numa espécie de procedimento crítico a contrapelo.
Benedetto Varchi. "Terceira Disputa: Em que são símiles e em que diferentes os Poetas e os Pintores". Due Lezzione.
Authors: Carbonero Iryna Dahmen
Published: February 2020

A terceira disputa (Em que são símiles e em que diferentes os Poetas e os Pintores) está presente na obra Due Lezzioni (1549), de Benedetto Varchi. A oração apresenta sua demonstração por meio da exposição dos antigos argumentos do tema do ut pictura poesis, que estabelece uma analogia entre pintura e poesia, tanto nos princípios, quanto no efeito de produzir uma imagem que deleite, persuada e ensine.O fim da terceira oração se resume a um elogio a Dante e a Michelangelo, os quais são tidos como os mais excelentes naquilo que fizeram – Dante como poeta e pai da língua italiana, e Michelangelo como o artista por excelência do Renascimento. Estabelece, assim, a relação entre Michelangelo e Dante. Michelangelo, cuja excelência rivaliza com a de Dante, é para Varchi a personificação da perfeita arte e esse mesmo louvor será repetido pelos vários outros escritores contemporâneos a ele.
Francesco Petrarca. "Sobre a Invenção e o Engenho: Epístola Familiar 1.8 a Tommaso de Messina".
Authors: Morganti Bianca Fanelli , Gomes Sérgio Xavier
Published: February 2020

Apresentamos aqui uma tradução, do latim para o português, daquela que é a oitava carta do primeiro livro das Familiares, uma das coletâneas epistolares de Francesco Petrarca. Destinada a Tommaso Caloiro, esta epístola (1.8) integra um conjunto de sete cartas a este mesmo destinatário no primeiro livro desta coletânea (Fam. 1.1, 1.2, 1.7-1.12). As seis últimas epístolas desse conjunto (1.7-12) constituem a segunda metade do livro 1 das Familiares e, na economia da obra, desenvolvem e concluem a argumentação iniciada na primeira epístola do livro (Fam. 1.1), destinada a Ludwig van Kempen. Escrita provavelmente entre fins de 1350 e meados de 1351, a epístola 1.8 compõe, juntamente com as Familiares 1.7 e 1.9, uma espécie de pequeno tratado de retórica petrarquista. Para essa epístola 1.8, Petrarca adota como modelo a Epístola 84 de Sêneca, de onde toma a metáfora das abelhas para tratar a imitatio, a inventio e o ingenium.