bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multimodal Sentiment Analysis Based on Cross-Modal Attention and Gated Cyclic Hierarchical Fusion Networks
Authors: Quan Zhibang , Sun Tao , Su Mengli , Wei Jishu
Published: August 2022

Multimodal sentiment analysis has been an active subfield in natural language processing. This makes multimodal sentiment tasks challenging due to the use of different sources for predicting a speaker’s sentiment. Previous research has focused on extracting single contextual information within a modality and trying different modality fusion stages to improve prediction accuracy. However, a factor that may lead to poor model performance is that this does not consider the variability between modalities. Furthermore, existing fusion methods tend to extract the representational information of individual modalities before fusion. This ignores the critical role of intermodal interaction information for model prediction. This paper proposes a multimodal sentiment analysis method based on cross-modal attention and gated cyclic hierarchical fusion network MGHF. MGHF is based on the idea of distribution matching, which enables modalities to obtain representational information with a synergistic effect on the overall sentiment orientation in the temporal interaction phase. After that, we designed a gated cyclic hierarchical fusion network that takes text-based acoustic representation, text-based visual representation, and text representation as inputs and eliminates redundant information through a gating mechanism to achieve effective multimodal representation interaction fusion. Our extensive experiments on two publicly available and popular multimodal datasets show that MGHF has significant advantages over previous complex and robust baselines.
Innovation of Digital Piano Collective Class Teaching Mode under the Theory of Constructivism
Authors: Zhu Xiaoyue
Published: August 2022

Constructivist learning theory and instructional design theory serve as the foundation for the design of the teaching process. According to constructivists, learning occurs when students are in a particular situation, such as a social or cultural setting, with the assistance of others, using the appropriate learning resources, and creating their own meaning. A scientific theoretical foundation and a philosophical methodology are provided for the classroom instruction of fundamental music by modern constructivism theory, which adapts to the advancement of the times and the demands of the new educational environment. This paper, guided by constructivism theory, conducts extensive research on constructivism theory from two perspectives, theory and practice, proposes a general teaching mode for music under the auspices of constructivism theory, and attempts to apply it to music education. Through the comparison experiment, it was determined that the experimental class’s final grade was 69.87 and its piano level index was 0.0824, while the control class’s grade was 64.69 and its piano level index was 0.0741. In terms of piano proficiency and test results, the experimental class outperforms the control class. Contrary to the traditional teaching approach, constructivist music education has been shown to be more effective at raising the musical proficiency of regular students, as well as improving students’ motivation for learning music, their methods of instruction, their initiative, and the environment in which they learn.
Design of University Educational Administration Management System Based on Sensor Data and Multidimensional Information Fusion
Authors: Qin Ke
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of education informatization, especially the promotion and reengineering of education business processes by big data and artificial intelligence, how to participate in this major change is the main issue that needs to be considered. Therefore, under the guidance of multisource sensor data fusion technology, this paper adopts the traditional cloud computing operation method, that is, centralized data center processing, which is difficult to adapt to the rapidly expanding data scale. We also propose a new perceptual adaptive data processing method. By designing an edge node adaptive data type sensing mechanism based on counting bloom filter, we can automatically identify the ubiquitous University Internet of things data categories and corresponding fields. The simulation results show that this method improves the recognition accuracy of different data categories in university management by more than 1.3%, which can help teachers use educational technology to do well in the teaching work before, during and after class, and promote the practical application of new teaching modes such as inquiry teaching.
Review on Comfort Nursing Interventions for Patients Undergoing Neurosurgery and General Surgery
Authors: Wu Limin , Chen Yingfa , Zhang Jin , Yu Honglan
Published: August 2022

Objective. To summarize the commonalities and particularities of comfort care interventions for neurology and general surgery patients. Methods. The development of comfort care and its practical application in neurology and general surgery were discussed and summarized by searching the current literature on comfort care interventions for neurology and general surgery patients, including case reports, clinical studies, and systematic reviews. Results. Comfort nursing intervention is a kind of nursing intervention with integrity and creativity. In addition to its uniqueness, the comfort nursing model also has strong effectiveness. Clinical holistic nursing has been significantly improved through the application of comfort nursing intervention theory, and its nursing mode has enhanced the connotation of clinical nursing. Conclusion. Comfort nursing intervention for neurology and general surgery patients can help patients recover and deserves further promotion.
Integrated Prediction Framework for Clinical Scores of Cognitive Functions in ESRD Patients
Authors: Zhang Yutao , Sheng Quan , Fu Xidong , Shi Haifeng , Jiao Zhuqing
Published: August 2022

The clinical scores are applied to determine the stage of cognitive function in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, accurate clinical scores are hard to come by. This paper proposed an integrated prediction framework with GPLWLSV to predict clinical scores of cognitive functions in ESRD patients. GPLWLSV incorporated three parts, graph theoretic algorithm (GTA) and principal component analysis (PCA), whale optimization algorithm with Levy flight (LWOA), and least squares support vector regression machine (LSSVRM). GTA was adopted to extract features from the brain functional networks in ESRD patients, while PCA was used to select features. LSSVRM was built to explore the relationship between the selected features and the clinical scores of ESRD patients. Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) was introduced to select better parameters of the kernel function in LSSVRM; it aims to improve the exploration competence of LSSVRM. Levy flight was used to optimize the ability to jump out of local optima in WOA and improve the convergence of coefficient vectors in WOA, which lead to an increase in the generalization ability and convergence speed of WOA. The results validated that the prediction accuracy of GPLWLSV was higher than that of several comparable frameworks, such as GPSV, GPLSV, and GPWLSV. In particular, the average of root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) between the predicted scores and the actual scores of ESRD patients was 2.40, 2.06, and 9.83%, respectively. The proposed framework not only can predict the clinical scores more accurately but also can capture imaging markers associated with decline of cognitive function. It helps to understand the potential relationship between structural changes in the brain and cognitive function of ESRD patients.
Optimal Granularity Selection for Indoor Localization Detection with Wireless IoT Networks
Authors: Cao Feng , Zhang Jing , Li Deyu , Qian Yuhua , Tang Chao , Zhang Xialei , Hu Zhiguo
Published: August 2022

Indoor localization detection acts as an important issue and has wide applications with wireless Internet of Things (IoT) networks. In recent years, the WiFi-based localization by using the latest artificial intelligence methods for improving the detection accuracy has attracted attention of many researchers. Granular computing is a newly emerged computing paradigm in artificial intelligence, which focuses on the structured thinking based on multiple levels of granularity. Thus, we introduce granular computing approaches to the task of wireless indoor localization detection, and a novel heuristic data discretization method is proposed based on the binary ant colony optimization and rough set (BACORS) for the selection of optimal granularity. For BACORS, the global optimal cut point set is searched based on the binary ant colony optimization to simultaneously discretize multiple attributes. Meanwhile, the accuracy of approximation classifications coined from rough sets is used to determine the consistent of multiple attribute data. To validate the effectiveness of BACORS, it is applied to a wireless indoor localization data set, and the experimental results indicate that it has promising performance.
A New Strategy for the Approximate Solution of Hyperbolic Telegraph Equations in Nonlinear Vibration System
Authors: Zeng Jiao , Idrees Asma , Abdo Mohammed S.
Published: August 2022

This study examines a new approach for the approximate solution of hyperbolic telegraph equations emerging in magnetic fields and electrical impulse transmissions. We introduce a Laplace-Carson transform coupled with the homotopy perturbation method which is called the Laplace-Carson homotopy perturbation method (Lc-HPM). The most significant feature of this approach is that we do not require any restriction of variables and hypotheses to find the results of nonlinear problems. Further, HPM using He’s is applied to reduce the number of computations in nonlinear terms. We demonstrate some graphical results to show thatLc-HPM is a simple and suitable approach for linear and nonlinear problems.
A Value Factorization Method for MARL Based on Correlation between Individuals
Authors: Xiong Liqin , Cao Lei , Chen Xiliang , Lai Jun , Luo Xijian
Published: August 2022

Value factorization is a popular method for cooperative multi-agent deep reinforcement learning, which effectively solves explosion of state-action spatial dimension and partial observability problems. However, most existing algorithms only consider the impact of individuals rather than correlation between individuals, which leads to poor coordination between agents in complex environments. In order to resolve this problem, this paper proposes a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning value factorization method based on correlation between individuals, CI-VF, which promotes coordination between agents effectively. Firstly, the individual value function vectors are obtained according to the output of individual networks in each round. Secondly, a Spearman correlation coefficient matrix can be calculated by the vectors to measure the correlation degree of agents, and the joint correlation coefficient can be obtained to optimize joint value function. Next, we use optimized joint value function to train individual networks. Experimental results show that our method outperforms QMIX and other baselines in various scenarios under the StarCraft Multi-Agent Challenge environment.
Research on Teaching Management Methods and Approaches of Chinese-Foreign Cooperation in Running Schools in Colleges and Universities under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Feng Qian
Published: August 2022

Several Chinese universities are setting up systems to anticipate students’ academic performance and to offer them academic early notifications to boost their students’ performance effectively. Chinese-Foreign Cooperation in Running Schools (CFCRS) is one of China’s fastest-growing sectors of education. The academic achievement of CFCRS students is lower than that of students in noncooperatively organized programs. A realistic and timely academic prediction is critical to identifying students at risk of academic failure and providing them with the support they demand. A unique CNN-BiLSTM-AM approach will be used in this study to forecast the academic achievement of CFCRS learners more accurately and efficiently. Convolutional neural networks (CNN), bidirectional long-short-term memory (Bi-LSTM), and attention mechanism (AM) form the basis of this technique. The characteristics of the input information are extracted using a CNN. For good forecasting accuracy, AM is employed to obtain the contribution of characteristic levels on student results in various teaching methods. Initially, the Chinese students’ datasets are gathered from the big data for this investigation and are partitioned into 4 different groups. Four teaching methods are provided in groups. The proposed approach is used to forecast the performance of the students. Finally, the performance of the proposed approach is examined and compared with certain existing approaches to obtain the proposed approach with maximum correctness. The findings of this research are indicated in chart formations by employing the Origin tool.
Exploring the Preventive and Restorative Functions of Lactobacillus pentosus in Flesh Deterioration Caused by Oxidized Fish Oil Diets in Hybrid Grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus
×
♂ E. lanceolatu)
Authors: Yan Xiaobo , Li Tao , Liu Hao , Li Zhihao , Tan Beiping , Pan Simiao , Huang Weibin , Suo Xiangxiang , Yang Yuanzhi , Dong Xiaohui
Published: August 2022

The purpose was to investigate the preventive and restorative functions of Lactobacillus pentosus of hybrid grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus×♂ E. lanceolatu) flesh due to ingestion oxidized fish oil (OFO) diet. Basal diets were formulated using OFO as main lipid source and

1.0
×

10

9

 CFU/g of L. pentosus was added to basal diet as experimental diet. Control group (OFO: 60 d basal diet), prevention group (OFOP:

30
 
d
 
experimental
 
diet
+
30
 
d
 
basal
 
diet

), and restoration group (OFOR:

30
 
d
 
basal
 
diet
+
30
 
d
 
experimental
 
diet

) were set up for grouper experiment with triplication. The results show that compared with the OFO group, the OFOP and OFOR groups significantly decreased muscle lipid deposition and lipid peroxidation production. The OFOP and OFOR groups significantly increased the polyunsaturated fatty acid content furthermore to improve nutritional value of muscle compared to the OFO group. Intervention with L. pentosus significantly influenced muscle flavor. OFOP and OFOR groups significantly upregulated expression of partial growth factor-related genes while downregulating expression of antioxidant-related genes. Consequently, the intervention of L. pentosus decreased lipid deposition and improved the nutritional value and flavor of grouper muscle, and it was recommended as a probiotic to prevent the deterioration of aquatic product quality.
Flexural Ductility, Stiffness, and Toughness of New Voided Reinforced Concrete One-Way Slab Using Waste Plastic Bottles
Authors: Fazaa Rajab Omar , Ali Ziadoon M. , Mahmoud Akram S. , Mohammed Majid S.
Published: August 2022

The enhancement of concrete structures’ performance can easily be achieved. However, the main challenge is how to achieve this performance with respect to the economy and sustainability. The aim of this research is to examine the flexural strength, ductility, stiffness, and toughness of RC hollow one-way slabs that are voided by plastic bottles. A new technique of hollowing has been used in this work, where a steel mesh tube was prepared previously and filled manually with blank waste plastic bottles to form a light tube. This technique has some advantages including ease of installation and adequate bonding for the main steel reinforcements. Five RC one-way slabs were cast and tested in the lab to investigate some variables: the presence of hollow, the ratio of reinforcement, and slab thickness. Briefly, a new technique for voids enhances the flexural behavior with less concrete and weight. The ductility is increased by about 100% for the voided specimens for the same section’s thickness. Also, the rotation in supports had been reduced by about 30% when the thickness of voided slab was increased by about 15%.
Effects of Lumbar Plexus Block Combined with Infiltration Anesthesia on Anesthesia Comfort Scores and Stress Responses in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Replacement
Authors: Zhang Jizheng , Li Yi , Sun Xiaohua , Ren Wanlu
Published: August 2022

Objective. To investigate the effects of lumbar plexus block combined with infiltration anesthesia on anesthesia comfort scores and stress responses in elderly patients undergoing hip replacement. Methods. The materials of 100 elderly patients undergoing hip replacement who were treated in our hospital (January 2020-January 2021) were retrospectively analyzed, and they were equalized into the experimental group (

n
=
50

) and control group (

n
=
50

) according to the anesthesia methods. The experimental group received lumbar plexus block combined with infiltration anesthesia, and the control group received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia combined with infiltration anesthesia. The patients’ anesthesia comfort scores, stress responses, and postoperative pain indexes were compared between the two groups. Results. Compared with the control group, the experimental group achieved much lower scores of mood change, shivering response, and traction reaction (

P
<
0.001

), indicating that the anesthesia comfort in the experimental group was higher. Compared with the control group, the experimental group had much better perioperative stress response indexes (

P
<
0.05

) and eminently lower pain scores at 12 and 24 hours after surgery (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Lumbar plexus block combined with infiltration anesthesia can relieve the stress responses and postoperative pain of elderly patients undergoing hip replacement and increase their anesthesia comfort. Therefore, this anesthesia method is translational in clinic.
Assessing the Clinical Influence of Chronic Total Occlusions (CTOs) Revascularization and the Impact of Vascularization Completeness on Patients with Left Ventricular (LV) Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Wu Xi , Cai Jie , Zhang Qizhou , Huang He
Published: August 2022

Objectives. This paper intends to assess the clinical influence of chronic total occlusions (CTOs), revascularization, and the impact of vascularization completeness on patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Background. The roles of CTO vascularization in clinical benefits remain conflicting. In addition, data concerning the different results of CTO vascularization and vascularization completeness according to LV systole function were assessed. Methods. From an overall 918 consecutive patients with at least one CTO, 281 patients with ejection fraction (EF) ≤40% accepted coronary angiographic analysis between Jan 1, 2012, and Dec 31, 2020, and 29 patients were excluded. Subsequently, 261 patients were grouped into the successful CTO-PCI revascularization group (SCR, n = 135) and the optimal medical therapy group (OMT, n = 126). The prognosis influence of successfully finished CTO-PCI and complete revascularization on survival was evaluated. The primary endpoint was cardiac mortality, and the secondary endpoints were major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). Results. After a median follow-up time of 38.02 months, the cardiac mortality (

p
=
0.037

) and MACCE (

p
=
0.001

) were more remarkable in the OMT group than in the SCR group. Moreover, patients with CTO-PCI had survival benefits from complete revascularization for MACCE (

p
=
0.025

) and cardiac mortality (

p
=
0.041

). Based on multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, age ≧ 75 years (HR: 3.443, 95% CI 1.719–6.897,

p
<
0.001

) predicted a worse probability of cardiac mortality. Additionally, previous PCI (HR: 1.592, 95% CI 1.034–2.449,

p
=
0.035

) and previous MI (HR: 1.971, 95% CI 1.258–3.088,

p
=
0.003

) predicted a worse probability of MACCE, and SCR (HR: 0.499, 95% CI 0.320–0.776,

p
=
0.002

) was a protection predictor of MACCE. Conclusion. In patients with LV systole dysfunction (EF ≤ 40%), successfully finished CTO-PCI is related to long-term survival benefits. The benefits were more remarkable in patients with complete coronary revascularization (CCR).
Dapagliflozin Ameliorates Renal Tubular Ferroptosis in Diabetes via SLC40A1 Stabilization
Authors: Huang Bin , Wen Wenjie , Ye Shandong
Published: August 2022

Tubular injury has been shown to play a critical role in the morbidity of diabetic kidney disease (DKD); ferroptosis often occurs in tubules during renal disease development. This study was aimed at evaluating the inhibitory effects and potential mechanism of dapagliflozin (DAPA) against diabetic-related ferroptosis in the kidney. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, administered a small dose of streptozocin (STZ) for three consecutive days by intraperitoneal injection, and then orally administered dapagliflozin (10 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Mouse blood and urine samples were collected, and their renal cortices were harvested for subsequent investigations. The effects of DAPA were also evaluated in HK-2 cells subjected to simulated diabetic conditions through excess glucose or palmitic acid (PA) administration. DAPA significantly ameliorated tubular injury independently of glycemic control in diabetic model mice. In vivo and in vitro investigations showed that dapagliflozin ameliorated tubular injury by inhibiting ferroptosis. Docking experiments demonstrated that dapagliflozin and SLC40A1 could bind with each other and may consequently reduce ubiquitination degradation. In conclusion, in this study, the tubular protective effects of DAPA, irrespective of glycemic control, were observed in a diabetic mouse model. DAPA ameliorated ferroptosis during diabetic tubular injury via SLC40A1 stabilization, and this may be the mechanism underlying its action. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the ferroptosis inhibitory effects of DAPA in the treatment of DKD.
Avaliação do risco de suicídio entre alunos no início, meio e fim do curso de medicina de uma universidade no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Souza Bruna Trotta de , Carvalho Ingrid Meira Lopes de , Silva Milenna Grisoli Martins da , Santos Roxanne Cabral Pinto , Freitas Yara Carvalho , Gomes Winícius Fernando Bebiano , Ferreira Anna Maíra Massad Alves , Mendonça Rafael Alberto de , Sousa Fernando Barreto e , Santos Camila Vicente dos
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar o risco de suicídio e a existência de comportamento suicida entre acadêmicos nos estágios inicial, intermediário e final do curso de Medicina de uma universidade particular e analisar os fatores de risco possivelmente associados à ideação suicida nessa população. Materiais e métodos: Foram analisados, em estudo transversal, 376 estudantes. Todos os participantes responderam questionário autopreenchível, por meio da plataforma eletrônica Google Forms, composto por 3 seções: perguntas sobre questões pessoais, perguntas do Questionário de Comportamento Suicida Revisado (Suicide Behavior Questionnaire Revised: SBQ-R) e do Inventário de Ideação Suicida Positiva e Negativa (Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation: PANSI). Resultados: 34% dos alunos eram do 1º ano, outros 34% do 3º ano e 32%, do 6º ano. 71,8% da população do estudo é composta pelo sexo feminino e 39,6% possui idade entre 21 e 24 anos. Na classificação de risco de suicídio segundo o PANSI, 31,7% dos estudantes apresentaram médio risco e 5,3%, alto risco. Na análise por etapa do curso, o 3º ano apresentou-se com maior porcentagem em alto risco (70,0%). De acordo com o SBQ-R, 37,2% dos estudantes da população total apresentaram comportamento suicida. Dentre as variáveis analisadas, orientação sexual, história de bullying na infância, conflito com responsáveis, história familiar de transtorno mental, uso de drogas ilícitas, história de violência sexual e ansiedade autorreferida foram consideradas como fatores de risco para suicídio na população total e na subanálise feita por ano de faculdade. Conclusão: A população do estudo apresenta aumento das taxas de ideação e comportamento suicida em relação a população geral. Assim, é necessária a implantação de medidas dentro das universidades para promover a saúde mental e diminuir aspectos estressantes sobre os acadêmicos.
Novel Drug Delivery Technologies and Targets for Renal Disease
Authors: Chade Alejandro R. , Bidwell Gene L.
Published: August 2022

The burden of acute and chronic kidney diseases to the health care system is exacerbated by the high mortality that this disease carries paired with the still limited availability of comprehensive therapies. A reason partially resides in the complexity of the kidney, with multiple potential target cell types and a complex structural environment that complicate strategies to protect and recover renal function after injury. Management of both acute and chronic renal disease, irrespective of the cause, are mainly focused on supportive treatments and renal replacement strategies when needed. Emerging preclinical evidence supports the feasibility of drug delivery technology for the kidney, and recent studies have contributed to building a robust catalog of peptides, proteins, nanoparticles, liposomes, extracellular vesicles, and other carriers that may be fused to therapeutic peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, or small molecule drugs. These fusions can display a precise renal uptake, an enhanced circulating time, and a directed intraorgan biodistribution while protecting their cargo to improve therapeutic efficacy. However, several hurdles that slow the transition towards clinical applications are still in the way, such as solubility, toxicity, and sub-optimal renal targeting. This review will discuss the feasibility and current limitations of drug delivery technologies for the treatment of renal disease, offering an update on their potential and the future directions of these promising strategies.
Cardiac Structure and Function Across the Spectrum of Aldosteronism: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Brown Jenifer M. , Wijkman Magnus O. , Claggett Brian L. , Shah Amil M. , Ballantyne Christie M. , Coresh Josef , Grams Morgan E. , Wang Zhiying , Yu Bing , Boerwinkle Eric , Vaidya Anand , Solomon Scott D.
Published: August 2022

Background:

Aldosterone production and mineralocorticoid receptor activation are implicated in myocardial fibrosis and cardiovascular events.

Methods:

Cardiac structure and function were assessed in 4547 participants without prevalent heart failure (HF) in the ARIC study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities), with echocardiography, aldosterone, and plasma renin activity measurement (2011–2013). Subjects were characterized by plasma renin activity as suppressed (≤0.5 ng/mL per hour) or unsuppressed (>0.5 ng/mL per hour). Cross-sectional relationships with cardiac structure and function, and longitudinal relationships with outcomes (HF hospitalization; HF and all-cause death; HF, death, myocardial infarction, and stroke; and incident atrial fibrillation) were assessed. Models were adjusted for demographic and anthropometric characteristics and additively, for blood pressure and antihypertensives.

Results:

Evidence of primary aldosteronism physiology was prevalent (11.6% with positive screen) and associated with echocardiographic parameters. Renin suppression was associated with greater left ventricular mass, left ventricular volumes, and left atrial volume index, and a lower E/A ratio (adjusted
P
<0.001 for all). Higher aldosterone was associated with greater left ventricular mass and lower global longitudinal strain and lateral E′. The highest tertile of aldosterone was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.37 (95% CI, 1.06–1.77; 5.5-year follow-up) for incident atrial fibrillation relative to the lowest. Renin suppression was associated with HF (hazard ratio, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.05–1.72]; 7.3-year follow-up), although these relationships did not remain statistically significant after additional adjustment for hypertension.

Conclusions:

Renin suppression and aldosterone excess, consistent with primary aldosteronism pathophysiology, were associated with cardiac structural and functional alterations and may represent an early target for mitigation of fibrosis with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.
Variation in Mean Arterial Pressure Increases Falls Risk in Elderly Physically Frail and Prefrail Individuals Treated With Antihypertensive Medication
Authors: Hussain Sultana Monira , Ernst Michael E. , Barker Anna L. , Margolis Karen L. , Reid Christopher M. , Neumann Johannes T. , Tonkin Andrew M. , Phuong Thao Le Thi , Beilin Lawrence J , Pham Thao , Chowdhury Enayet K. , Cicuttini Flavia M. , Gilmartin-Thomas Julia F.M. , Carr Prudence R. , McNeil John J.
Published: August 2022

Background:

Impaired cerebral blood flow has been associated with an increased risk of falls. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and variability in MAP have been reported to affect cerebral blood flow but their relationships to the risk of falls have not previously been reported.

Methods:

Utilising data from the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly trial participants, we estimated MAP and variability in MAP, defined as within-individual SD of MAP from baseline and first 2 annual visits. The relationship with MAP was studied in 16 703 participants amongst whom 1539 falls were recorded over 7.3 years. Variability in MAP was studied in 14 818 of these participants who experienced 974 falls over 4.1 years. Falls were confined to those involving hospital presentation. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratio and 95% CI for associations with falls.

Results:

Long-term variability in MAP was not associated with falls except amongst frail or prefrail participants using antihypertensive medications. Within this group each 5 mm Hg increase in long-term variability in MAP increased the risk of falls by 16% (hazard ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.02–1.33]). Amongst the antihypertensive drugs studied, beta-blocker monotherapy (hazard ratio, 1.93 [95% CI, 1.17–3.18]) was associated with an increased risk of falls compared with calcium channel blockers.

Conclusions:

Higher levels of long-term variability in MAP increase the risk of serious falls in older frail and prefrail individuals taking antihypertensive medications. The observation that the relationship was limited to frail and prefrail individuals might explain some of the variability of previous studies linking blood pressure indices and falls.
Risk of Dementia Associated With Atrial Cardiopathy: The ARIC Study
Authors: Johansen Michelle C. , Wang Wendy , Zhang Michael , Knopman David S. , Ndumele Chiadi , Mosley Thomas H. , Selvin Elizabeth , Shah Amil M. , Solomon Scott D. , Gottesman Rebecca F. , Chen Lin Yee
Published: August 2022

Background

The contribution of atrial cardiopathy to dementia risk is uncharacterized. We aimed to evaluate the association of atrial cardiopathy with incident dementia and potential mediation by atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke.

Methods and Results

We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of participants in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study attending visit 5 (2011–2013). We used Cox regression to determine the association between atrial cardiopathy and risk of dementia. Structural equation modeling methods were used to determine potential mediation by AF and/or stroke. Atrial cardiopathy was defined if ≥1 of the following at visit 5: P‐wave terminal force >5000 mV·ms in ECG lead V1, NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide) >250 pg/mL or left atrial volume index ≥34 mL/m
2
by transthoracic echocardiography. We repeated our analysis necessitating ≥2 markers to define atrial cardiopathy. The prevalence of atrial cardiopathy was 34% in the 5078 participants (mean age 75 years, 59% female, 21% Black adults), with 763 participants developing dementia. Atrial cardiopathy was significantly associated with dementia (adjusted HR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.16–1.58]), with strengthening of the effect estimate when necessitating ≥2 biomarkers (adjusted HR, 1.54 [95% CI, 1.25–1.89]). There was an increased risk of dementia among those with atrial cardiopathy when excluding those with AF (adjusted HR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.12–1.55]) or stroke (adjusted HR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.09–1.52]). The proportion of the effect mediated by AF was 4% (
P
=0.005), and 9% was mediated by stroke (
P
=0.048).

Conclusions

Atrial cardiopathy was significantly associated with an increased risk of dementia, with only a small percent mediation of the effect by AF or stroke.
YENİLİKÇİLİK VE TATMİN ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİDE ALGILANAN RİSKİN MODERATÖR ROLÜ: ONLİNE ALIŞVERİŞ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: AYHAN GÖKCEK Hande , MERCANOĞLU ERİN Sema , TURP GÖLBAŞI Bilge
Published: August 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, bireysel yenilikçiliğin online alışverişte tüketici tatminine olan etkisini araştırmak, ayrıca tüketici davranışları bakımından e-ticarette büyük rolü bulunan algılanan riskin bu değişkenler arasındaki aracı etkisini belirlemektir. Yeniliklerin teknoloji ile paralel olarak yarattığı değer, kullanıcıların yeni bilgi sistemlerini benimsemesinde önemli bir değişkendir. Elektronik ticarette, algılanan risk ve bireysel yenilikçilik değişkenleri, tüketicilerin satın alma kararlarını etkileyen önemli unsurlardandır. Değişkenler tatmin edici seviyeye ulaştığında, e-ticaret başarılı sayılabilecektir. Kuruluşların müşteri ihtiyaçlarını, beklentilerini, davranışlarını bilmesi, sürekliliğini devam ettirebilmesi için gereklidir. Özellikle pandeminin etkileri nedeni ile artan e-ticaret kullanımı teknolojinin gelişim ve değişimini gerektirmektedir. İhtiyaç duyulan bu gereksinimler literatürde incelendiğinde, daha önce etkileri kısıtlı olarak ölçülmüş değişkenler olduğu görülmektedir. Tüm bu değişkenler göz önünde bulundurularak bu araştırmaya uyarlanan bir model önerilmiştir. Bu amaçla düzenlenen 473 kişiden oluşan anket çalışmasında, elektronik ticaret kullanıcıları seçilmiştir. Analiz için SPSS ve AMOS programı kullanılmış olup, AMOS istatistik programı ile yapısal eşitlik modelleme (SEM) yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, işletmeler ile tüketiciler arasında sürekli etkileşimi sağlayan elektronik ticaretin tüketici davranışlarına etkilerinin bilinmesinin özellikle pazarlama literatürüne katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
COVID 19 SÜRECİNDE ÖRGÜTSEL GÜVEN, İŞE ANGAJE OLMA VE ÇALIŞAN PERFORMANSI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLER: TURİZM SEKTÖRÜ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DÜZGÜN Aysegül
Published: August 2022

Araştırmanın amacı 2020 yılının mart ayından itibaren Türkiye’de etkileri devam etmekte olan Covid 19 salgını sürecinde çalışanların örgütlerine duydukları güven duygusunun zedelenip zedelenmediğini belirlemektir. Bununla birlikte çalışmanın ikinci amacı Covid 19 sürecinde örgütsel güven ile çalışan performansı arasındaki ilişkide işe angaje olmanın etkilerini belirleyebilmektir. Araştırmaya konu olan Antalya ili otel çalışanları kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiş olup veriler web tabanlı anket tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Toplam 293 çalışan üzerinden toplanan verilere regresyon ve hiyerarşik regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda Covid 19 sürecinde çalışanların önemli oranda örgütsel güven duygularının azalmadığı ve örgütsel güven ile çalışan performansı arasındaki ilişkide dinçlik ve adanmışlık boyutlarının kısmi aracılık ettiği sonucu elde edilmiştir.
COKG-QA: Multi-hop Question Answering over COVID-19 Knowledge
Graphs
Authors: Du Huifang , Le Zhongwen , Wang Haofen , Chen Yunwen , Yu Jing
Published: August 2022

COVID-19 evolves rapidly and an enormous number of people worldwide desire instant access to COVID-19 information such as the overview, clinic knowledge, vaccine, prevention measures, and COVID-19 mutation. Question answering (QA) has become the mainstream interaction way for users to consume the ever-growing information by posing natural language questions. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to develop a QA system to offer consulting services all the time to relieve the stress of health services. In particular, people increasingly pay more attention to complex multi-hop questions rather than simple ones during the lasting pandemic, but the existing COVID-19 QA systems fail to meet their complex information needs. In this paper, we introduce a novel multi-hop QA system called COKG-QA, which reasons over multiple relations over large-scale COVID-19 Knowledge Graphs to return answers given a question. In the field of question answering over knowledge graph, current methods usually represent entities and schemas based on some knowledge embedding models and represent questions using pre-trained models. While it is convenient to represent different knowledge (i.e., entities and questions) based on specified embeddings, an issue raises that these separate representations come from heterogeneous vector spaces. We align question embeddings with knowledge embeddings in a common semantic space by a simple but effective embedding projection mechanism. Furthermore, we propose combining entity embeddings with their corresponding schema embeddings which served as important prior knowledge, to help search for the correct answer entity of specified types. In addition, we derive a large multi-hop Chinese COVID-19 dataset (called COKG-DATA for remembering) for COKG-QA based on the linked knowledge graph OpenKG-COVID19 launched by OpenKG①, including comprehensive and representative information about COVID-19. COKG-QA achieves quite competitive performance in the 1-hop and 2-hop data while obtaining the best result with significant improvements in the 3-hop. And it is more efficient to be used in the QA system for users. Moreover, the user study shows that the system not only provides accurate and interpretable answers but also is easy to use and comes with smart tips and suggestions.
Towards the FAIRification of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Images
Authors: Rodani Tommaso , Osmenaj Elda , Cazzaniga Alberto , Panighel Mirco , Cristina Africh , Cozzini Stefano
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we describe the data management practices and services developed for making FAIR compliant a scientific archive of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) images. As a first step, we extracted the instrument metadata of each image of the dataset to create a structured database. We then enriched these metadata with information on the structure and composition of the surface by means of a pipeline that leverages human annotation, machine learning techniques, and instrument metadata filtering. To visually explore both images and metadata, as well as to improve the accessibility and usability of the dataset, we developed “STM explorer” as a web service integrated within the Trieste Advanced Data services (TriDAS) website. On top of these data services and tools, we propose an implementation of the W3C PROV standard to describe provenance metadata of STM images.
“Pay No Attention to That Man Behind the Curtain”: A Critique of the Rational Choice Approach to Religion
Authors: Gauthier François , Spickard James
Published: August 2022

The rational choice approach to religion (RCAR) applies neoclassical economic principles to religion to create models of religious behavior. It presents both those principles and the resulting models as universal. Most critics of that approach have challenged those models’ empirical predictions. In contrast, this article develops an ‘upstream’ critique of the theory by examining the problems with its chosen approach in economics itself. The history of that discipline shows that the utility-maximizing figure of Homo economicus is a modern construct, as is the notion of a self-correcting free market. Both are contextual and ideological, not universal. Early 20th-century sociologists already provided a comprehensive and radical rebuttal of these ideas – a critique that was a major source of the early sociology of religion. Recent alternative approaches by economists show that neoclassical formalism even fails to account for basic economic phenomena. Models built on this formalism – such as RCAR – thus cannot be naively imported to explain religious action. This does not mean that the sociology of religion should avoid economics tout court. Some non-formalist economic approaches show much more promise.
The (Re)Invention of Biblical Exorcism in Contemporary Roman Catholic Discourses
Authors: Bauer Nicole M. , Doole J. Andrew
Published: August 2022

Exorcism is flourishing once again in the Roman Catholic Church today. Discourse on the topic has been influenced by the publications of exorcists such as Malachi Martin and Gabriele Amorth. They claim biblical precedence and commissioning for their duties as exorcists and seek to emphasise their credentials by interacting with modern medicine. At the same time, they provide descriptions of demonic possession which surpass and even contradict the accounts found in the Gospels. We analyse the claims of modern exorcists concerning demons, those they possess, and how they are expelled, and evaluate these against the evidence in the Gospels. We discover that the narratives constructed by modern exorcists involves both a dramatisation of the supernatural that exceeds the exorcisms of Jesus, and the ‘medicalisation’ of exorcism as a means to legitimise the practice as a valid alternative or complement to modern medicine and psychology.
Anti-Authoritarianism as a Liberal Culture: Richard Rorty Between Communitarian and Liberal Criticism
Authors: Ramin Lucas von
Published: August 2022

In recent years, Rorty’s anti-authoritarianism has been repeatedly associated with the loss of truth and a post-factual age. At the same time, Rorty is presented as a strict opponent of such positions. How is it that the same thinker who is held responsible for a postmodern decline is also to be understood as the most severe critic? To answer this question, this paper reconstructs Rorty’s anti-authoritarianism as a practice of solidarity by referring to his theory of recognition and virtue of contingency. Subsequently, it can be shown why the accusations of post-facticity and ethnocentrism fall short. On the contrary, because his theory combines different political archetypes, the paper presents Rorty’s description of anti-authoritarianism as a social paradigm of contemporary societies.
Genetic and morphological variation analyses of Glandirana rugosa with description of a new species (Anura, Ranidae)
Authors: SHIMADA TOMOHIKO , MATSUI MASAFUMI , OGATA MITSUAKI , MIURA IKUO , TANGE MAI , MIN MI-SOOK , ETO KOSHIRO
Published: August 2022

Glandirana rugosa is known to include several geographic groups differing in sex chromosomes, and has been proven to be paraphyletic in mitochondrial phylogeny with respect to G. susurra. By analyzing genetic and morphological variation in a large number of individuals of Glandirana, we studied their taxonomic relationships. A mitochondrial DNA phylogeny, with the G. tientaiensis as outgroup, revealed two major lineages containing respectively (1) the East group of G. rugosa, G. susurra, and the Central and Southeast-Kyushu groups of G. rugosa; and (2) G. emeljanovi, and the North and West groups of G. rugosa. In contrast, in a nuclear DNA phylogeny based on SNP data, lineages of (1) G. susurra and East group, and (2) the remaining groups of G. rugosa and G. emeljanovi, were split, indicating a distinct status of the East group among G. rugosa. In adult morphology, there were only minor differences between the East group and the remaining groups of G. rugosa, but in larvae, the East group had significantly more sparse skin glands than the others. The exact type locality of G. rugosa is most probably in western Japan, not including the range of the East group. From these results, we describe the East group as a new species, G. reliquia, distinct from the remaining groups of G. rugosa. The new species with sexually homomorphic chromosomes is thought to represent a basic stock of Japanese Glandirana, which existed far before G. rugosa originated.
Squalius cephaloides, a synonym of Squalius cii (Teleostei: Leuciscidae)
Authors: BAYÇELEBİ ESRA , TURAN DAVUT , AKSU İSMAİL , FREYHOF JÖRG
Published: August 2022

The ‘two species’ hypothesis for S. cephaloides and S. cii, both occurring in the southern Marmara Sea basin, is tested. Our results suggested that there are no morphological and molecular characters to support this hypothesis, and we treat Squalius cephaloides as a junior synonym of S. cii.
Why Do Eastern North Pacific Hurricanes Intensify More and Faster than Their Western-Counterpart Typhoons with Less Ocean Energy?
Authors: Moon Il-Ju , Knutson Thomas R. , Kim Hye-Ji , Babanin Alexander V. , Jeong Jin-Yong
Published: August 2022

Tropical cyclones operate as heat engines, deriving energy from the thermodynamic disequilibrium between ocean surfaces and atmosphere. Available energy for the cyclones comes primarily from upper-ocean heat content. Here, we show that eastern North Pacific hurricanes reach a given intensity 15% faster on average than western North Pacific typhoons despite having half the available ocean heat content. Eastern North Pacific hurricanes also intensify on average 16% more with a given ocean energy (i.e., air–sea enthalpy flux) than western North Pacific typhoons. As efficient intensifiers, eastern Pacific hurricanes remain small during their intensification period, tend to stay at lower latitudes, and are affected by relatively lower vertical wind shear, a colder troposphere, and a drier boundary layer. Despite a shallower warm upper-ocean layer in the eastern North Pacific, average hurricane-induced sea surface cooling there is only slightly larger than in the western North Pacific due to the opposing influences of stronger density stratification, smaller size, and related wave-interaction effects. In contrast, western North Pacific typhoons encounter a more favorable oceanic environment for development, but several factors cause typhoons to greatly increase their size during intensification, resulting in a slow and inefficient intensification process. These findings on tropical cyclones’ basin-dependent characteristics contribute toward a better understanding of TC intensification.