bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Threads of Vulnerability: A Cross-sectional Study on Factors Associated with Suicide and Self-harm in Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Shaib , Ahmad Rabbiya , Rajpoot Pushp Lata , Tabassum Rafia , Khaskheli Muhammad Saleh , Abbas Jabbas , Sultana Razia , Tabassum Shahida , Kumar Narendar
Published: July 2024

Background: Globally, over a million people commit suicide every year. Although suicide rates are more in high-income countries, many countries do not report suicide cases regularly to the World Health Organization (WHO). Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors associated with suicide and self-harm in Pakistan.
Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Peoples Medical College Hospital (PMCH) in Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh, Pakistan, from July to December 2019. A total of 131 cases of suicide/self-harm were included using a convenience sampling technique. Data were collected on a predesigned questionnaire consisting of 14 close-ended questions. A chi-square test was used to determine the association between different categorical variables.
Results: The majority of the subjects were males (53.4%), young adults aged between 16 and 30 years (69.5%), single (51.9%), and uneducated (57.3%). More than half (51.9%) of the subjects who attempted suicide or self-harm were unemployed. There was a significant association between education level (c2 =13.149, P = 0.001) and age groups (c2 = 15.554, P = 0.001) with health outcomes (suicide or self-harm) only. Moreover, gender (c2 = 20.776, P = 0.004), marital status (c2 = 69.047, P < 0.001), level of education (c2 = 63.144, P < 0.001), age groups (c2 = 69.848, P < 0.001), and employment status (c2 = 28.677, P = 0.012) were also associated with the reasons of suicide and self-harm.
Conclusion: Our study concluded that mostly single, unemployed males with low literacy and with marital and family issues are determined as factors associated with a high risk of self-harm and suicide.
Editorial – Resilience and Progress: The Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences in the Face of Adversity
Authors: Mohamedani Ahmed , Suresh Malavika , Altayb Abduelbagi , Elmalaika Husain Nazik
Published: July 2024

This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article in HTML.
Improving the technology for Inflow Profile Evaluation in horizontal Wells by temperature changes Due to calorimetric Mixing
Authors: Kremenetskiy M. I. , Bakinova E. V. , Nikonorova A. N. , Solovieva V. V.
Published: July 2024

The paper is devoted to the problem of increasing the effectiveness of temperature logging quantitative interpretation for the inflow profile evaluation in horizontal production wells draining heterogeneous reservoirs with low permeability. Such wells are characterized by an extremely uneven distribution of inflow along the length of the wellbore. One of the ways of quantitative interpretation of temperature logging is based on the effect of calorimetric mixing. It’s widely used to quantify the share of local producing intervals in the total flow rate.The low accuracy of interpretation is associated with the lack of reliable information about the temperature of the fluid flowing into the wellbore. The authors propose an estimate of this parameter based on the similarity of the behavior of the temperature field vs time in the near-wellbore zone of a reservoir during periods of stable production and the periods of the well shut-in. This relationship is confirmed by the results of modeling the temperature field of the “well – reservoir” system, taking into account changes in a wide range of reservoir permeability and thermal properties of the reservoir, the geometry of hydraulic fractures in the reservoir, the flowing fluids, as well as the parameters of the well production targets. The logging technology recommended by the authors involves the registration of several temperature profiles along the length of the wellbore at the beginning of the well production with the maximum rate and drawdown and during the well shut-in. Their integrated analysis based on the behavior of the temperature field features in time identified on the basis of modeling makes it possible to evaluate with a high degree of certainty the dynamics of the temperature of the gas-liquid mixture coming from reservoirs to the wellbore during production periods. This provides the required accuracy in the quantitative assessment of the inflow profile from mixing anomalies.The proposed approaches to the interpretation of thermograms are applicable in the analysis of the results of non-stationary temperature logging results in horizontal and vertical wells during the production from heterogeneous reservoirs both through perforation and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing.
Interdicción aérea, estrategia para mantener el control del espacio aéreo
Authors: Enriquez Champutiz Victor Xavier , Littuma Larrea Milton Itzhak
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo constituye un extracto del trabajo de investigación para la titulación de magíster en Seguridad y Defensa del Instituto de Altos Estudios Nacional (IAEN) del Ecuador, realizada en el año 2013. Estuvo basado en un estudio comparativo de cinco años (2007-2012) de las estrategias de interdicción aérea adoptadas por Colombia y Brasil en su lucha contra el narcotráfico. Estas han constituido una herramienta invaluable para negar el uso de su espacio aéreo, logrando una disminución considerable de aeronaves sospechosas en vuelo e inmovilizaciones de aeronaves en tierra, destrucción de pistas clandestinas y decomisos de droga y dinero. A partir de este análisis comparativo, el trabajo busca lecciones que permitan al Ecuador materializarla para obtener resultados similares en el marco del corporativismo1 y la cooperación internacional.
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, Criminology and Criminal Justice
Authors: Meško Gorazd , Kutnjak Ivković Sanja , Hacin Rok
Published: July 2024

This chapter provides an overview of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and discusses the link between the SDGs and criminal justice systems. We utilise the 2016 Stockholm Resilience Centre classification of SDGs into three categories: 1) biosphere SDGs, 2) economy SDGs, and 3) society SDGs, to discuss the SDGs and provide examples of criminology and criminal justice research that fit each SDG. The main topics covered in this chapter relate to the understanding of deviance and crime (e.g., juvenile delinquency, sexual harassment, hate crimes, rural crime, organised crime, illegal production of drugs, white collar crimes, illegal construction, war and environmental crime) and social reaction to crimes (e.g., tolerance of sexual harassment, acceptance of illegal building), as well as the exploration of law enforcement and discussion of various policing models (e.g., community policing, proactive policing, gender perspectives in policing).
Evaluating Policing Models in Rural Croatia: Residents’ Perceptions and Preferences in Požeško-Slavonska County
Authors: Cajner Mraović Irena , Radić Ivana , Prislan Mihelič Kaja , Lobnikar Branko
Published: July 2024

The effectiveness of various policing models is a topic of ongoing debate, primarily within the confines of police organisations. Our comprehensive study explored residents’ perceptions of different policing models in Požeško-Slavonska County, Croatia. Each section of the questionnaire contained four statements aligned with one of the four primary models of police work: the military-bureaucratic model, the lawful policing model, the community-oriented policing model, and the public-private divide policing model. Participants showed a clear preference for the community policing model, evidenced by the highest mean and median values compared to other models. The community policing model was favoured in seven out of eight criteria, marking it the most desirable model for participants. This model stood out particularly for its emphasis on discretion, law, cooperation with the community, professionalisation, legitimacy, prevention, and proactiveness. Conversely, the military-bureaucratic model was the least preferred, ranking last in six out of the eight criteria.
Gender Equality from the Police Recruits’ Perspective: Does Their Gender Make the Difference?
Authors: Balgač Iva , Cajner Mraović Irena , Borovec Krunoslav
Published: July 2024

United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals 5 and 16 focus on gender equality, peace, justice, and strong institutions. One of these institutions is the police. Police work includes many opportunities to protect and promote gender equality. This study aims to find whether differences in attitudes towards gender equality between male and female police recruits before and after basic police training exist. The results reveal that the difference between male and female recruits is statistically significant both at the beginning and at the end of their basic police education. A statistically significant difference concerning the gender of the recruit was determined concerning the combination of three dependent variables that measured attitudes about gender equality, as well as about each individual variable. Furthermore, the research found that the influence of gender on differences in attitudes towards gender equality was stronger after education than before education for the police profession.
Legal Implementation of the Elements of Security in the Sustainable Development Goals Performed by the Local Communities
Authors: Tičar Bojan , Primec Andreja
Published: July 2024

This chapter aims to assess how security elements could be integrated into the context of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The study is based on a systematic interpretation of the applicable internal legal regulations of the Republic of Slovenia, international legal conventions of the United Nations and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and selected European Union regulations and directives in the current and future regulation of sustainable development. To achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals in local communities, the issue of good governance and regional security will also need to be addressed. This can be achieved by applying Environmental, Social, and Governance criteria, which have been effective in corporate governance practices in detecting adverse impacts on the environment, employees, human rights, human health, etc., and through developing mechanisms for controlling non-financial risks, such as corruption, lack of integrity, unethical, or other unlawful practices.
Prevalence of Hate Crimes and Hate Incidents in Municipalities in North Macedonia
Authors: Kosevaliska Olga , Poposka Zhaneta , Maksimova Elena
Published: July 2024

The chapter aims to explore the potential correlation between specific types of hate crimes and their occurrence in various municipalities throughout the Republic of North Macedonia. Geovisualisation techniques are employed to map these hate crimes and analyse their characteristics based on various factors. The results showed that hate crimes are a critical issue in North Macedonia, affecting various regions in the country. The Skopje Region records the highest number of hate crimes based on ethnicity and political beliefs, indicating a dire need for law enforcement to play a more preventive role. Meanwhile, cities near the border primarily experience hate crimes based on migrant status, which calls for increased police patrols in “hotspots” to prevent potential attacks. The high rate of ethnic-based hate crimes in municipalities with significant ethnic representation and political-based hate crimes during election periods also require proactive policing measures.
Demographic Variations in Self-Reported Delinquency and Victimisation amongst Juveniles in Ljubljana
Authors: Kokoravec Povh Iza , Meško Gorazd , Haen Marshall Ineke
Published: July 2024

Understanding juvenile delinquency and victimisation is essential for safely guiding juveniles into adulthood and designing effective prevention strategies. This chapter examines self-reported juvenile delinquency and victimisation in Ljubljana, Slovenia, utilising data from the ISRD4 study collected in 2022 and 2023, involving 873 respondents. The focus of this chapter is on understanding the factors that contribute to juvenile delinquency and victimisation, in particular gender, grade and immigration status, consistent with the 16th UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). Our results show that girls do not statistically differ from boys in victimisation experiences but that boys are more delinquent in several categories. Disparities exist between native and first- as well as second-generation immigrant respondents. Immigrant respondents report experiencing more hate crimes, while they also seem to report being more delinquent overall. There are no apparent age/grade trends for victimisation or delinquency, except for the delinquent category of drug dealing.
Exploiting White-Collar Criminals’ Know-How: Towards a New Way of Punishment
Authors: De Paolis Roberta
Published: July 2024

White-collar criminality is the epitome of modern-era criminality, affecting several sustainable development goals such as the promotion of access to justice and the contrast to organised crime, the provision of essential services, and the reduction of economic inequalities and vulnerabilities. For this reason, it is essential to envision a strategy that would effectively tackle white-collar crimes. This chapter argues that the enforcement of the laws for white-collar crimes should rely on a customised punishment system that combines the traditional prison sentence with community services carried out in the same context in which the white-collar crime was committed. Such a solution would guarantee at least two beneficial effects: individuals would be deterred from repeating the offence by public visibility, peers would be deterred from committing a white-collar crime, and the community would be “compensated” by a virtuous use of those skills (know-how) once improperly used by white-collar criminals.
Brain tumours in the Western Cape Province of South Africa: A plea for a dedicated brain tumour registry in Africa
Authors: Basson Dion , Schutte Clara , van Coller Riaan , Gould Trevor
Published: July 2024

Background:Epidemiological data on brain tumours provides valuable insight into risk factors, treatment modalities and prognoses of these tumours. Despite abundant epidemiological data from brain tumour registries in high-income countries, a critical data gap persists in low- and middle-income countries.

Aim:The aim of this study was to report on the epidemiology of brain tumours in South Africa's Western Cape province.

Methods:This retrospective study collected data from the National Health Laboratory Services database housed in the public healthcare sector in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. All pathology reports over 2 years (January 2018 to December 2019) that included the term “brain” or equivalent terms were analyzed to compile the epidemiological dataset.

Results:The dataset yielded 505 patients with brain tumours, with a mean age at diagnosis of 44 years (range: 0–82 years). A noteworthy subset (16%) of primary tumours occurred in individuals under 20 years of age. The top three primary tumour diagnoses in the study were gliomas, glioneuronal and neuronal tumours, meningiomas and pituitary tumours. Secondary brain tumours (18%) constituted a significant proportion of brain tumours, with lung and breast being the most common primary sites. Comparison with registries and audits from both high- and low-income countries revealed South Africa's unique landscape; ependymal tumours exhibited a substantial proportion, while nerve sheath tumours displayed a reduced proportion.

Conclusion:This study offers a unique perspective on brain tumour epidemiology in South Africa's Western Cape Province. It reports on unique trends and emphasizes the feasibility and necessity of establishing a dedicated brain tumour registry.
Prostate Cancer Screening Guidelines: To PSA or Not to PSA?
Authors: Badenhorst Anja , John Jeff , Perera Marlon , Adam Ahmed
Published: July 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) screening with PSA (prostate-specific antigen) remains controversial. PSA is specific to the organ but not to cancer, and different benign conditions can influence the value, which may lead to false-positive results. Treatment with 5α-reductase inhibitors decreases the PSA value, and therefore, it is vital to have a baseline PSA before initiating therapy and to correct the value when screening for PCa. Shared-decision making is critical before subjecting a patient to PSA screening. Trends are moving towards a risk-adapted approach where different biomarkers and risk calculators play a role. This review will outline the controversy of PSA screening, the current guidelines of PSA screening, and discuss its future. Until the novel biomarkers have outperformed PSA as the first line of screening, it should not hinder screening for clinically significant PCa.
Bow and Arrowheads from Ancient Macedonia: From Hunters to Archers
Authors: Bellas Ioannis
Published: July 2024

A passage by Demosthenes, who emphatically stated that it was through light infantry troops and their flexibility, rather than the sluggish Macedonian phalanx, that Philip II of Macedon secured his victories, illustrates how important the organization of light infantry units was to Philip ΙΙ. After describing the lightly armed soldiers, the cavalry, and the mercenaries, Demosthenes made reference to archers. Based on this passage and the rich assemblage of arrowheads discovered in ancient Olynthos and Stagira – Greek cities once besieged by Philip II – the author will try to approach the problem of the presence of archers in Philip’s army. First of all, the analysis of the collected data shows that in both areas the presence of specific categories of arrowheads is evidence of the siege laid by Philip’s troops; secondly, it shows that Philip managed to organize a remarkable corps of Macedonian archers in a relatively short period of time. Although their contribution to Philip’s victories was underestimated by the researchers, it seems that in fact, they played a very important role, especially in the difficult conditions of urban combat.
Epigenetics: Unraveling Hidden Phenotypic Diversity in Livestock
Authors: Kumar Ishmeet , Nirwan Aarti , Khan Asad , Lalhmingmawii Sylvia , Vyas Jayesh
Published: July 2024

The missing link between nature and nurture i.e. epigenetics is the process of turning genes on and off or can be explained as a phenomenon that includes all the process that affects phenotypic expressions without causing any alteration in the genetic sequence. Epigenetic regulation can be done by post-translational modification of histones but is also linked to the regulation of gene expression by non-coding RNAs, genome instabilities or any other force that could modify a phenotype. Epigenomic patterns in various tissues reveal the regulatory functions of epigenetic mechanisms in livestock growth and health. DNA methylation modifications can explain poor offspring performance due to maternal stressors like metabolic disorder, heat stress and negative energy balance. It is an attractive field for livestock breeding, as it can help identify missing causality and heritability of traits and diseases. Certain methylation patterns are more likely to increase in specific environments, explaining phenotypic diversity between individuals. Accurate recording of the environment and epigenomes can provide more accurate and precise calculations of phenotypic variance. Methods to estimate the contribution of epigenetics to covariance between relatives have been developed which can be beneficial for obtaining favorable methylation patterns that impact disease resistance and economic traits.
Status of Infection during a Natural Outbreak of Brucellosis in Unvaccinated Buffaloes at a Livestock Farm of Madhya Pradesh in India by using Competitive Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
Authors: Audarya S.D. , Chatur Y. , Niranjan A.K. , Chhabra D. , Gangil R. , Sharda R. , Aich R. , Mishra A.K.
Published: July 2024

Background: Brucellosis is one of India’s most important bacterial diseases of large ruminants. It is of economic importance. It is caused by members of the Brucella species and responsible for abortion in pregnant bovines usually during the first term and generally after the fifth month of gestation. Hence, livestock farm with a history of abortion in pregnant animals has to be investigated for Brucellosis. Methods: Whole blood samples (of 50 individual buffaloes) were collected aseptically from a herd of buffaloes experiencing a natural outbreak of Brucellosis. Extracted serum samples were tested after clarification in commercially procured competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the serological laboratory diagnosis of Brucellosis. Result: Out of 50 buffalo serum samples tested by using commercially procured competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, a total of 24 buffalo serum samples tested positive for the presence of Antibodies against Brucella species. Overall seropositivity of 48% was recorded for Brucellosis in the investigated buffalo herd experiencing a natural infection in the present study even after long-term storage of serum samples at deep freezing conditions.
Cyber Security – Current and Future Trends
Authors: VASILOIU Raluca-Elena
Published: July 2024

During recent years, many researchers and professionals have revealed the endangerment of wireless communication technologies and systems from various cyberattacks, these attacks cause detriment and harm not only to private enterprises but to the government organizations as well. The attackers endeavor new techniques to challenge the security frameworks, use powerful tools and tricks to break any sized keys, security of private and sensitive data is in the stale mark. There are many advancements being developed to mitigate these attacks. In this conjunction, this paper gives a complete account of survey and review of the various exiting advanced cyber security standards along with challenges faced by the cyber security domain. The new generation attacks are discussed and documented in detail and the advanced key management schemes are also depicted. The quantum cryptography is discussed with its merits and future scope of the same. Overall, the paper would be a kind of technical report to the new researchers to get acquainted with the recent advancements in Cyber security domain.
EDUCATION'S ROLE IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE UTILIZATION AMONG OLDER PEOPLE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Laksono Agung Dwi , Wulandari Ratna Dwi , Zuardin Zuardin , Rohmah Nikmatur
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The current situation shows that life expectancy is increasing, so the population of older people is also growing. As a vulnerable group, more senior people desperately need primary health care, and barriers to accessing services will increase vulnerability.
Aim: The study aimed to investigate the impact of education on primary healthcare utilization among older people.
Methods: This cross-sectional study examined 52,893 older people. It employed primary healthcare utilization as an outcome variable and education level as an exposure variable. Furthermore, the study used eight control variables: residence type, age group, gender, marital status, wealth, time travel to primary healthcare, and health insurance. We employed binary logistic regression to examine the data.
Results: The study showed that older adults with primary education were 1.050 times more likely than those without to utilize primary healthcare (95% CI 1.046-1.054). Older people with secondary education were 0.643 times less likely to use primary healthcare than those without (95% CI 0.638-0.649). Older adults with secondary education were 0.378 times less likely than those without to use primary healthcare (95% CI 0.372-0.383). Furthermore, the study indicated that all control variables were significantly related to direct healthcare utilization.
Conclusion: The study concluded that education level influences primary healthcare utilization among older people in Indonesia.
Keywords: elderly people, education, primary healthcare, healthcare evaluation, healthcare access, public health
COST-ANALYSIS OF REDUCING MORTALITY RATE FOR LBW BABIES AT FATMAWATI HOSPITAL'S NICU
Authors: Salim Prasetya Rahman , Insani Nadia Dwi , Sihaloho Estro Dariatno
Published: July 2024

Background: As a developing country that still struggles with infant mortality, Indonesia needs high-quality and efficient neonatal care. However, due to the complexity of neonatal care, the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) still has a high cost, approximately USD 950 - 31,000, as the last line of care.
Aims: This study analyzes the cost incurred due to service improvement at Fatmawati General Hospital. The cost analysis may serve as useful evidence for other hospitals with NICUs that seek to improve their service.
Methods: We used cost analysis to examine pre-intervention costs in 2015 and post-intervention costs in 2021. Our data were gathered primarily in the NICU of Fatmawati General Hospital for three months in 2023.
Results: The results showed an increase in total cost of IDR 1,898,040,489 (55%). The largest cost increase was personnel and supplies costs, which accounted for 83.8% of the cost increase. However, this cost increase was also followed by a significant decrease in mortality rates, from 128 deaths per 1,000 births to 17 deaths per 1,000 births.
Conclusion: This study found a correlation between investment in service improvements and decreased infant mortality rates in the NICU of Fatmawati General Hospital. Although the 55% increase in total cost was associated with a significant decrease in infant mortality rates in the NICU of Fatmawati General Hospital, further studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of improvements in the NICU's services.
Keywords: cost, Indonesia, LBW, NICU
PROVISION OF LACTATION CLINIC IN COMPANIES IN SEMARANG CITY: A REVIEW OF POLICY IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Khalishah Jihan Nurul Qamariah , Sriatmi Ayun , Budiyanti Rani Tiyas
Published: July 2024

Background: As of 2022, Semarang City has 4,083 companies. However, according to the Labor Office of Semarang City, only 109 out of 529 companies provide lactation clinics. In addition, based on previous research in Pedurungan, Semarang City, most of the women (83,3%) who work do not practice exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), one reason being the lack of lactation clinics in companies.
Aims: This study examines the implementation of lactation clinic policies in companies in Semarang City.
Methods: This study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The research variables included effectiveness, consistency, relevance, organizational structure, resources, sociocultural environment, economic environment, organizational culture, geographic environment, knowledge and skills, communication, and political support. Informants were selected based on purposive criteria, involving eight key informants and 18 supporting informants from eight companies in Semarang City.
Results: Lactation clinic policies were ineffective because companies were unaware of their contents and perceived them as recommendations only. On the contrary, working mothers who breastfed recognized the benefits of the policies and considered them relevant. Three out of eight companies provided lactation clinics. The people in charge had yet to be appointed due to the different capacities of the companies. Due to a lack of support from the sociocultural environment, working mothers needed more awareness of the importance of breastfeeding. However, the companies' economic and geographic environments and organizational culture were relatively favorable. Meanwhile, adequate dissemination could have helped communication. In addition, most companies do not provide lactation clinics or recommend formula milk.
Conclusion: The current policies have not adequately supported the provision of lactation clinics in companies in Semarang City. To address this issue, lactation clinics should be classified according to the companies' capacities. It is also necessary to develop a leading sector that is transparent and responsible for supervising the provision of lactation clinics.
Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding in workplace, lactation clinic, policy implementation
HEALTH ADVERTISING ON INSTAGRAM: IS IT EFFECTIVE WHILE FOLLOWING ETHICAL GUIDELINES?
Authors: Alhudha Anky Angga , Setyonugroho Winny , Pribadi Firman
Published: July 2024

Background: Given the popularity of digital marketing in business today, every hospital can start utilizing it by establishing a social media account. Instagram is a social media platform that focuses on photographs. The AISAS (Attention, Interest, Search, Action, and Share) model can be used to assess the efficacy of marketing communications. Regardless, there are issues regarding legal and ethical issues. Therefore, a question emerges: How can health advertisements be effective while following ethical guidelines?
Aims: The purpose of this research is to analyze the content of healthcare advertisements on Instagram
Methods: This study uses the quantitative descriptive content analysis method. The samples are Instagram advertisements for health services. Search them using the hashtags (#) #dokterjogja, #klinikjogja, #klinikyogyakarta, and #rumahsakitjogja. Using convenience sampling, the researcher randomly scrolls and stops on Instagram. The data were assessed by two coders using a checklist to ensure objectivity. The checklist contains three indicators, in this case, the AIA (Attention, Interest, Action) indicator, and the other indicators were obtained from the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (PERMENKES) number 1787 of 2010
Results: The highest score of the AIA (Attention, Interest, Action) indicator is 12, and there are a total of 34 advertisements (coder 1), and 84 advertisements (coder 2) violate The Regulation of the Minister of Health (PERMENKES) No.1787/2010
Conclusion: This study finds that effective advertising is almost certain to violate the regulation. An educational health information advertisement that introduces the services provided is a good way to promote healthcare providers while remaining ethical.
Keywords: advertising, AISAS, ethics, health, social media
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PATIENT SAFETY GOALS FOR PATIENTS' SATISFACTION IN THE HEMODIALYSIS UNIT
Authors: Ambarwati Dwi , Dewi Arlina
Published: July 2024

Background: Surveys on patient safety in dialysis units uncover a range of significant patient safety issues. Hemodialysis centers are particularly vulnerable to adverse events due to a number of risk factors, such as machine malfunctions, excessive blood loss, patient falls, prescription errors, and inadequate infection control procedures.
Aim: Analyze the problem of implementing patient safety goals and describe the patients' satisfaction with the implementation of patient safety goals.
Methods: This study employs a concurrent embedded methodology with a mixed-methods design, utilizing quantitative data to complement the qualitative data. Applying the focus group discussion (FGD) technique, questionnaires and observations of hemodialysis patients' satisfaction with implementing patient safety goals were utilized to complete the data collection.
Results: According to the patient satisfaction survey, two patients were worried that their dialyzer tubes had been mixed up, earning a negative score of 5.13%. 23.07% of patients had negative results on the infection prevention risk questionnaire; 3 patients (7.69%) only seldom cleaned their hands before starting dialysis, and 6 patients (15.38%) did not.
Conclusion: The implementation of patients' identification and the reduction of infection risk through hand hygiene have not been carried out consistently, concerning patient safety goals in the hemodialysis unit.
Keywords: hand hygiene, hemodialysis, patient safety goals, patients' satisfaction, patients' identification
ANALYSIS OF THE MARKET STRUCTURE OF HOSPITAL INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Emma Rachmawati  , Yuyun Umniyatun  , Deni Wahyudi Kurniawan  , Mochamad Iqbal Nurmansyah  , Mukhaer Pakkanna  , Husnan Nurjuman  , Slamet Budiarto  , Virgo Sulianto Gohardi
Published: July 2024

Background: Over the past decade, private investments in health care including hospital have grown significantly, more than doubling. As the number of hospitals in Indonesia increases, a competitive business environment develops. Identifying hospital market structure can help various stakeholders to optimize the hospital's performance.
Aims: This study analyzed the market structure and concentration of the hospital industry in Indonesia.
Methods: This study used hospital characteristics data from Ministry of Health of Indonesia that retrieved in October 2020. Market concentration is determined by the number of industry players operating in a market, the distribution of services, and the types of services offered. The hospital market concentration was identified by measuring the Concentration Ratio (CR) and the Herfindahl–Hirschman index (HHI).
Results: The results showed that the market share of hospitals in Indonesia was still dominated by government hospitals, which represent 51.4% of the market share. The concentration ratio of four companies (CR4) remains <40, indicating that competition remains relatively open among private hospitals at the national level.
Conclusion: Several cities have established hospital markets that are characterized by robust competition, whereas in other cities, the hospital industry remains oligopolistic or monopolistic. It is important to note, however, that this does not imply that the market structure is ineffective on account of competition; rather, it is the result of a scarcity of hospitals in a number of Indonesian cities.
Keywords: Concentration ratio, Economic competition, Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, Hospital market
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF JOURNALISM IN THE POLITICAL ADVOCACY OF HEALTH POLICY IN INDONESIA?
Authors: Ridlo Ilham Akhsanu
Published: July 2024

In this short commentary article, the complex association between journalism, health policy, and political campaigning in Indonesia is explained, in need of more scholarly expansion. Within those limitations, the paper does alert to the necessary function journalism serves intrinsic to the public discourse that drives health policy recommendations, as well as noting how this has been perverted by misinformation and dwindling faith in the media. The article examines how journalism (including digital and social media) has shaped health policy advocacy and public opinion and highlights the role of the media in health communication campaigns and policy reform. Through scrutiny of its role in health policy advocacy, with a broader look at how journalism roles have shifted over time. In this article, the author demonstrated that journalism is a bridge between health policy experts and the public, enabling a more informed democratic engagement with health policy. These conclusions highlight the need to build a nexus between democratic journalism and health policy advocacy for public health priorities in Indonesia.
Keywords: health policy, journalism, political campaign
HEALTH FINANCING ANALYSIS OF MINIMUM SERVICE STANDARDS IN THE HEALTH SECTOR
Authors: Risdiyanti Arie , Paramu Hadi , Sunarto Sunarto
Published: July 2024

Background: This research focuses on health financing Minimum Service Standards (MSS) in the health sector in Lumajang Regency, Indonesia, spanning 2019 to 2022. Despite the government's emphasis on Health MSS, disparities in service access and health conditions persist across different regions.
Aims: The research aims to provide insights into the effectiveness of health financing, serving as a foundation for policy recommendations to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of health fund allocation in Lumajang Regency.
Methods: The research employs a quantitative descriptive approach, utilizing DHA and CBA. The study also investigates the budget allocation for MSS Health services. 
Results: The findings of the research reveal that the realization of Local Original Revenue (LOR) in the Health sector tends to fall below targets. Non-Physical DAK dominate the funding sources in Community Health Centers (Puskesmas). Maternal health services receive the highest MSS Health budget allocation, but the spending proportion relative to total health expenditure is decreasing.
Conclusion: The research underscores the importance of addressing disparities in health financing and service access in Lumajang Regency. Recommendations include the diversification of funding sources, optimization of financing at the Puskesmas level, and a reevaluation of the budget allocation for maternal health services.
Keywords: CBA, DHA, health financing analysis, minimum service standards
Peningkatan Derajat Kesehatan Melalui Pemeriksaan Kecacingan Dan Penyuluhan PHBS Berbasis Budaya Lokal di Sungai Tabuk
Authors: Nurmansyah Dian , Muslim Abdul Aziz , Aji Ifan Anom Buntoro
Published: July 2024

Kecacingan adalah masalah kesehatan yang umum terjadi pada anak-anak usia sekolah dasar di berbagai negara, terutama di daerah dengan sanitasi yang buruk. Kecacingan disebabkan oleh infeksi cacing usus, seperti cacing gelang (Ascaris lumbricoides), cacing cambuk (Trichuris trichiura), dan cacing tambang (hookworms). Anak-anak usia sekolah dasar lebih rentan terhadap infeksi cacing karena mereka cenderung bermain di tanah, kurangnya pengetahuan tentang praktik kebersihan, serta sistem kekebalan tubuh yang masih berkembang. Tujuan kegiatan adalah mengukur pengetahuan tentang perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat serta resiko infeksi kecacingan. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan meliputi tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi hasil. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilaksanakan di Desa Sungai Pinang Lama, Kecamatan Sungai Tabuk. Hasil kegiatan didapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan responden sebanyak 12.3 % dan ditemukan 3 kasus positif kecacingan golongan soil transmitted helmints pada responden anak usia sekolah dasar di MI Darul Aman Desa Sungai Pinang Lama. Kata Kunci: Kecacingan, Pengetahuan PHBS, Soil Transmitted HelmintsWorms infections are a common health problem in elementary school-aged children in various countries, especially in areas with poor sanitation. Wormworms are caused by intestinal worm infections, such as roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides), whipworms (Trichuris trichiura), and hookworms. Elementary school age children are more susceptible to worm infections because they tend to play in the dirt, lack knowledge about hygiene practices, and their immune systems are still developing. The aim of the activity is to measure knowledge about clean and healthy living behavior and the risk of worm infections. The method of implementing activities includes preparation, implementation and evaluation of results. The activitty was held in Sungai Pinang Lama village, Sungai Tabuk District on 2024. The results of the activity showed that respondents' knowledge increased by 12.3% and 3 positive cases of soil transmitted helminths were found among elementary school age children at MI Darul Aman, Sungai Tabuk Village.
Edukasi Cara Penyimpanan Obat Melalui Kegiatan Promosi Kesehatan di Posyandu Lansia Ar-Rahman Banjarmasin
Authors: Puri Rizki Swastika , Mardiati Nurul , Annissa Rahmi , Setiawan Deni
Published: July 2024

Penyimpanan obat penting dilakukan untuk menjaga stabilitas dan efektivitas obat. Penerapan cara menyimpan obat yang kurang tepat akan berdampak terhadap perubahan fisik, sifat, ataupun kerusakan obat. Kegiatan promosi kesehatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan lansia terhadap tata cara penyimpanan obat dan batasan waktu penggunaan obat setelah disimpan. Promosi kesehatan dilaksanakan dengan metode ceramah menggunakan media poster sebagai alat bantu yang berisi tentang cara menyimpan obat yang baik. Materi yang disampaikan yaitu cara menyimpan obat sesuai bentuk sediaan, batasan waktu penggunaan obat, hal yang harus diperhatikan dan dihindari selama proses penyimpanan obat. Kegiatan promosi kesehatan di lanjutkan dengan sesi diskusi dan tanya jawab. Evaluasi dilaksanakan secara lisan sesuai dengan jawaban benar/salah dan dilakukan perhitungan persentase rata-rata nilai pretest/posttest peserta. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan yang diikuti oleh 15 orang responden menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan terkait materi yang disampaikan, hal ini diketahui berdasarkan persentase nilai rata-rata pretest sebesar 56% dan posttest sebesar 94,6%. Kata Kunci: Beyond Use Date, Expired Date, Efektivitas, Stabilitas Drug storage is important to maintain the stability and effectiveness of the drug. Implementing inappropriate methods for storing medicines will result in physical changes, properties or damage to the medicine. This health promotion activity aims to increase the elderly's knowledge of medication storage procedures and time limits for medication use after storage. Health promotion is carried out using the lecture method using poster media as a tool that contains information about how to store medicine properly. The material presented is how to store drugs according to the dosage form, time limits for drug use, things to pay attention to and avoid during the drug storage process. Health promotion activities were continued with discussion and question and answer sessions. Evaluation is carried out orally according to correct/wrong answers and the average percentage of participants' pretest/posttest scores is calculated. Based on the results of activities attended by 15 respondents, it showed that there had been an increase in knowledge regarding the material presented, this was known based on the percentage of the average pretest score of 56% and posttest of 94.6%.
Pemberdayaan UMKM dalam Digitalisasi Marketing dan Branding Melalui Pendaftaran Merek Dagang
Authors: Saputera Mochammad Maulidie Alfiannor , Rahmiati Rahmiati , Adhipurna Novian
Published: July 2024

Keberadaan usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM) di Indonesia mempunyai peranan yang strategis dalam rangka meningkatkan perekonomian negara. Digitalisasi marketing dan branding produk sangat penting pada era sekarang, maka dari itu UMKM sudah harus ikut berkontribusi dalam dunia digitalisasi. Tujuan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu membantu pendftaran sertifikat merek dagang bagi UMKM dan meningkatkan pengetahuan dalam dalam penjualan melalui digital marketing. Metode pada kegiatan ini yaitu mengumpulkan data pendaftaran merek dagang dan sosialisasi digital marketing dan branding dengan kriteria UMKM berada di wilayah Kabupaten Banjar Kalimantan Selatan, memproduksi minuman dari bahan alam dan produk telah terdaftar P-IRT. Jumlah khalayak sasaran pada kegiatan ini yaitu sebanyak 6 UMKM. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan dari 6 UMKM yang mengikuti pemberdayaan hanya 3 UMKM yang bersedia mengumpulkan dokumen dan mendaftarkan merk dagang. Kegiatan sosialisasi digital marketing dan branding memberikan wawasan kepada para pemilik usaha terkait cara marketing dan branding yang efektif dan efisien sdengan tujuan meningkatkan penjualan produk. Kegiatan sosialisasi digital marketing dan branding juga menghasilkan 3 video promosi produk yang menarik dan berkualitas. Kesimpulan pengabdian dari 6 UMKM diperoleh 50% UMKM telah mendaftarkan merek dagang dan 50% UMKM telah membuat video promosi yang telah di bagikan pada media sosial UMKM masing-masing Kata Kunci: Pemberdayaan, UMKM, Digitalisasi, Marketing, Branding The existence of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia has a strategic role in improving the country's economy. Digitalization of marketing and product branding is very important in the current era, therefore MSMEs must contribute to the world of digitalization. The aim of this activity is to help register trademark certificates for MSMEs and increase knowledge in sales through digital marketing. The method for this activity is collecting trademark registration data and socializing digital marketing and branding with the criteria that MSMEs are located in the Banjar Regency area of South Kalimantan, produce drinks from natural ingredients and the products are P-IRT registered. The number of target audiences for this activity is 6 MSMEs. Based on the results of the activities of the 6 MSMEs that took part in the empowerment, only 3 MSMEs were willing to collect documents and register trademarks. Digital marketing and branding outreach activities provide insight to business owners regarding effective and efficient marketing and branding methods with the aim of increasing product sales. Digital marketing and branding outreach activities also produced 3 attractive and high-quality product promotional videos.  The conclusion of the service from 6 MSMEs was that 50% of MSMEs had registered trademarks and 50% of MSMEs had made promotional videos which had been shared on their respective MSMEs' social media.
Suitability and Carrying Capacity of Mangrove Ecotourism in Ronela Beach, North Seram District
Authors: Latutiene Merlin , Lelloltery Henderina , Tuhumury Andri
Published: July 2024

This research was carried out at Ronela Beach for one month from October 16 to November 16. This study aims to determine the suitability of Ronela Beach Tourism for the Development of Ronela Beach Ecotourism and to analyze the carrying capacity of the Ronela Beach area for Coastal Ecotourism Activities. The method used in this research is survey method with descriptive analysis. To describe in a systematic, factual and accurate manner regarding the suitability and carrying capacity of the Ronela Beach Area for the Development of Coastal Ecotourism in Rumah Olat Hamlet. Data collection techniques used by researchers in this study are interview and observation techniques. The results showed that the suitability and carrying capacity of the Ronela Beach area has a good value to be used as a tourist spot.