bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPLICATION OF READING TECHNIQUE USE AND SELF-BELIEF TO READING COMPREHENSION IN UNIVERSITY
Authors: Listyowati Rini , Setiyawan Arisandi
Published: June 2021

Abstract: The research’s purpose is to perceive the implication of reading technique use and self-belief  to reading comprehension. This research is conducted to answer the problem do reading technique and self-belief fundamentally implication to college students’ reading comprehension. The problem was answered using alternative hypothesis stating reading technique and self-belief significantly implicate to college students’ reading comprehension. The reasearch used quantitative and research design is correlation. The subject of the reserach was 240 population students of English Education Department of Universitas Islam Madura Pamekasan. The sample was 150 students after being counted by Sloven theory. The sample was taken using simple random sampling with lottery media. The data was taken using questionnaire for reading technique which consisted of 30 points questions to know the frequency of reading technique use, questiannaire for self-belief which consisted of 9 questions for regulated learning and the answers scored using Likert Scale, the reading comprehension test consisted 40 questions were picked up from Longman Pre TOEFL reading test. The data were analyzed using regression formula to answer the reserach problem. Data analysis was counted using SPSS version 11.0. The result showed that reading technique and self-belief fundamentally implicate to the college students’ reading comprehension. It was authenticated by table of regression showing that the value of F is 14.339 (p<0.01). It meant that the data reject nul hypothesis and receive alternative hypothesis. It is substantiated reading technique and self-belief fundamentally to reading comprehension of students university.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ КОГНИТИВНЫХ ЗАДАЧ В ЭЭГ/МРТ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ РАЗВИТИЯ МОЗГА
Authors: Kustubaeva Almira , Kamzanova Altyngul , Manzura Zholdasova
Published: June 2021

В статье проводится сравнительный анализ эмоционально-когнитивных задач для исследования индивидуального развития эмоционально-когнитивной регуляции функций мозга с использованием энцефалографии (ЭЭГ), а также структурной магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ). Такого рода исследования позволяют понять временные и структурные механизмы нормального развития мозга с целью прогнозирования траектории онтогенетического развития и своевременного предупреждения возможных отклонений от нормы. В данной статье проведено научно-теоретическое обоснование применения когнитивных задач для последующего исследования. Определены когнитивные задачи на измерение экзекутивного контроля, процессов обучения, реактивности и интенсивности эмоциональной реакции, регуляции эмоций, ситуативной реактивности, а также на измерение эмоционального конфликта, который порождается конкурирующими вариантами ответа в неконгруэнтном состоянии в различных возрастных группах. При проведении ЭЭГ исследований на выборке дошкольного и младшего школьного возрастов необходимо разрабатывать такие когнитивные задачи, в которых включены только графические стимулы, ввиду возрастных ограничений в навыках чтения, способностях распознавания слов с последующим сличением смыслового контекста стимульного материала. Применение в ЭЭГ исследовании валидизированных в определенных возрастных группах задач позволит адаптировать в дальнейшем на местной популяции и разработать методологию исследования для выявления наиболее чувствительных маркеров эмоциональнокогнитивного развития.
Caudal epidural steroid injection for chronic low back pain: A prospective analysis of 107 patients
Authors: Dernek Bahar , Aydoğmuş Suavi , Ulusoy İbrahim , Duymuş Tahir Mutlu , Ersoy Sedef , Kesiktaş Fatma Nur , Dıracoğlu Demirhan , Aksoy Cihan
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Low back pain affects 80% of people worldwide at least once in a lifetime and reduces the quality of life and causes absence from work. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pain and functional status of patients with lumbar disc disease who received blind caudal epidural injections (CEI) for pain relief. METHODS: The records of 107 patients who had been given CEI between September 2017 and January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The inclusion criteria were age > 18 years, > 3-month history of low back pain, and diagnosis of lumbar disc disease by magnetic resonance imaging. The epidural injection solution consisted of 2 mL of betamethasone sodium and 8 mL saline. Follow-up examinations were conducted 3 and 6 months post-injection and the patients were evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). RESULTS: The most common disc pathology was at the L4–L5 level. The VAS and ODI scores indicated significantly reduced pain at 3 and 6 months compared with the pre-injection baseline. Two patients experienced total anesthesia and paresis of the lower limbs, but recovered fully after 2 weeks. Blood was aspirated during the injection in two patients, but second-attempt injections were successful in both cases. No other complications were observed. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the blind method is safe for administering CEI to patients with chronic low back pain in the absence of radiological screening and results in significant pain relief with improved functional capacity.
Honokiol Restores Microglial Phagocytosis by Reversing Metabolic Reprogramming
Authors: Li Wenwen , Wang Shiyuan , zhang Heng , Li Bingqiu , Xu Lingzhi , Li Yan , Kong Chaojun , Jiao Haishan , Wang Yan , Pang Yana , Qin Wei , Jia Longfei , Jia Jianping
Published: June 2021

Background: Dysfunction of microglia has been increasingly recognized as a causative factor in Alzheimer’s disease (AD); thus, developing medicines capable of restoring microglial functions is critically important and constitutes a promising therapeutic strategy. Honokiol is a natural neuroprotective compound extracted from Magnolia officinalis, which may play roles in AD therapy. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the role and the underlying mechanisms of honokiol in microglial phagocytosis. Methods: MTT and flow cytometry were used to assess the cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Phagocytic capacity, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, and membrane potential were evaluated using fluorescence microscopy. Seahorse XF24 extracellular flux analyzer was for cell glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation detection. Mass spectrometry was applied for metabolites measurement. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to detect the mRNA and protein level of PPARγ and PGC1α, respectively. Results: Honokiol alleviated Aβ42-induced BV2 neurotoxicity. Honokiol promoted phagocytic efficiency of BV2 cells through reversing a metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation to anaerobic glycolysis and enhancing ATP production. Meanwhile, honokiol reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, honokiol increased the expression of PPARγ and PGC1α, which might play positive roles in energy metabolism and microglial phagocytosis. Conclusion: In this study, honokiol was identified as an effect natural product capable of enhancing mitochondrial function thus promoting microglial phagocytic function.
Elevated Plasma Free Fatty Acid Susceptible to Early Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhu Wenwen , Xu Lan , Zhang Haoqiang , Tian Sai , An Ke , Cao Wuyou , Shi Jijing , Tang Wei , Wang Shaohua
Published: June 2021

Background: Elevated free fatty acid (FFA) induces lipotoxicity, attributed to diabetes and cognitive decline. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) regulates lipid metabolism. Objective: We investigated the roles of FFA in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and determine its association with rs11868035 polymorphism. Methods: We recruited 191 Chinese T2DM patients into two groups through Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Demographic and clinical data were collected, multiple domain cognitive functions were tested, plasma FFA levels were measured through ELISA, and SREBP-1c rs11868035 genotype was detected using the Seqnome method. Results: In comparison with the healthy-cognition group (n = 128), the MCI group (n = 63) displayed lower glucose control (p = 0.012) and higher plasma FFA level (p = 0.021), which were independent risk factors of MCI in T2DM patients in multivariate regression analysis (OR = 1.270, p = 0.003; OR = 1.005, p = 0.036). Additionally, the plasma FFA levels of MCI patients were positively correlated with Stroop color word test-C time scores (r = 0.303, p = 0.021) and negatively related to apolipoprotein A1 levels (r = –0.311, p = 0.017), which are associated positively with verbal fluency test scores (r = 0.281, p = 0.033). Both scores reflected attention ability and executive function. Moreover, the G allele carriers of rs11868035 showed higher digit span test scores than non-carriers in T2DM patients (p = 0.019) but without correlation with plasma FFA levels. Conclusion: In T2DM, elevated plasma level of FFA, when combined with lower apolipoprotein A1 level portends abnormal cholesterol transport, were susceptible to early cognitive impairment, especially for attention and execution deficits. The G allele of SREBP-1c rs11868035 may be a protective factor for memory.
Safety of Memantine in Combination with Potentially Interactive Drugs in the Real World: A Pharmacovigilance Study Using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) Database
Authors: Sato Kenichiro , Mano Tatsuo , Iwata Atsushi , Toda Tatsushi
Published: June 2021

Background: Memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, is used for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. There is a caution to refrain from administrating memantine in combination with some specific drugs such as amantadine or dextromethorphan due to potential interactions that might augment the adverse effects of memantine. Objective: This notification has not been validated in real-world data, which we aim to address using a large self-reporting database from Japan. Methods: We conducted a disproportionality analysis using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database reported between April 2004 and March 2019 for detecting the neuropsychiatric adverse event (AE) signals associated with memantine and other potentially interactive drugs including amantadine, dextromethorphan, cimetidine, ranitidine, procainamide, quinidine, acetazolamide, citrate, and bicarbonate. Drug-drug interactions between memantine and these drugs were assessed using multiplicative and additive models. Results: There was no statistically robust evidence to support multiplicative or additive interactions between memantine and the aforementioned drugs to increase the reporting of any included neuropsychiatric AEs or AE categories. Conclusion: The real-world JADER data did not raise the concern about the interactive increase in the neuropsychiatric AEs in patients with dementia taking memantine in combination with amantadine or dextromethorphan, suggesting there may be no urgent need to prohibit the co-administration of these drugs presently.
Two-parameter KNN algorithm and its application in recognition of brand rice
Authors: Zhu Siyu , He Chongnan , Song Mingjuan , Li Linna
Published: June 2021

In response to the frequent counterfeiting of Wuchang rice in the market, an effective method to identify brand rice is proposed. Taking the near-infrared spectroscopy data of a total of 373 grains of rice from the four origins (Wuchang, Shangzhi, Yanshou, and Fangzheng) as the observations, kernel principal component analysis(KPCA) was employed to reduce the dimensionality, and Fisher discriminant analysis(FDA) and k-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) were used to identify brand rice respectively. The effects of the two recognition methods are very good, and that of KNN is relatively better. Howerver the shortcomings of KNN are obvious. For instance, it has only one test dimension and its test of samples is not delicate enough. In order to further improve the recognition accuracy, fuzzy k-nearest neighbor set is defined and fuzzy probability theory is employed to get a new recognition method –Two-Parameter KNN discrimination method. Compared with KNN algorithm, this method increases the examination dimension. It not only examines the proportion of the number of samples in each pattern class in the k-nearest neighbor set, but also examines the degree of similarity between the center of each pattern class and the sample to be identified. Therefore, the recognition process is more delicate and the recognition accuracy is higher. In the identification of brand rice, the discriminant accuracy of Two-Parameter KNN algorithm is significantly higher than that of FDA and that of KNN algorithm.
Evaluation of ecological economic development efficiency based on intelligent DEA model
Authors: Zheng Youyuan , Chen Yanglin
Published: June 2021

In order to better promote the development of circular economy, this paper introduces the current international eco-efficiency indicator system used to measure the development of circular economy, and points out that the eco-efficiency indicator system will be an important method for analyzing environmental efficiency in social economic activities. Moreover, this paper combines the actual needs to construct an ecological economy development efficiency evaluation system based on the intelligent DAE model. In addition, this paper combines the specific situation of regional circular economy development, further points out the main indicators that the eco-efficiency indicator system should include, and introduces the experience of establishing circular economy indicators in developed countries. Finally, this paper uses the eco-efficiency index system to evaluate the development of Qingdao’s circular economy, and design experiments to evaluate the efficiency of the system constructed in this paper. The research results show that the evaluation system of the intelligent ecological economy development efficiency constructed in this paper has a certain effect and has certain significance for the development of ecological economy.
DDAH1 SNP rs480414 that protects against the development of pulmonary hypertension in bronchopulmonary dysplasia results in lower nitric oxide production in neonatal cord blood-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines
Authors: Milton Avante D. , Almazroue Hanadi , Jin Yi , Zender Gloria , Trittmann Jennifer K.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND:

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is chronic lung disease of prematurity and pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in BPD patients. Nitric oxide (NO) is a vasodilator and apoptotic mediator made by NO synthase (NOS). NOS is inhibited by asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) hydrolyzes ADMA. Previously, in a BPD patient cohort, we identified single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) DDAH1 rs480414 ( G > A) that was protective against developing PH. This study aims to determine functional consequences of the DDAH1 SNP in lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) derived from neonatal cord blood. We tested the hypothesis that DDAH1 SNP (AA) results in DDAH1 gain of function, leading to greater NO-mediated apoptosis compared to DDAH1 wild-type (GG) in LCLs.

METHODS:

LCLs were analyzed by Western blot (DDAH1, cleaved and total caspase-3 and -8, and β-actin), and RT-PCR (DDAH1, iNOS). Cell media assayed for nitrites with chemiluminescence NO analyzer, and conversion of ADMA to L-citrulline was measured by spectrophotometry.

RESULTS:

LCLs with DDAH1 SNP had similar levels of DDAH1 protein and mRNA expression, as well as DDAH activity, compared to DDAH1 WT LCLs. There were also no changes in cleaved caspase-3 and -8 protein levels. LCLs with DDAH1 SNP had similar iNOS mRNA expression. Nitrite levels in media were lower for DDAH1 SNP LCLs compared to DDAH1 WT LCLs ( p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that NO production was lower in DDAH1 SNP LCLs, indicative of a loss of function phenotype.
Problems of Metaphorization in Modern Directing Theater
Authors:   Kiev National University of Culture and Arts,Kiev, Ukraine, Ivashchenko Irina
Published: June 2021

Metaphorization as a universal method of replenishing lexical means of expression and creating a complex semantic structure of the production is studied; the types of theatrical metaphors in the context of tendencies of modern directing theater are analyzed; found that primarily metaphorization depends on the goals and objectives of the director, which are focused on filling conceptual gaps and creating a pragmatic effect in the viewer -this leads to predicting understanding of metaphor and appeal to image-associative complexes of current realities.It is revealed that in the modern director's theater there is a process of metaphorization of the surrounding world, in which new metaphorical models appear, and traditional ones are updated and actualized, constantly absorbing new meanings.Within one or another director's theater, there is a variety of activity of appealing to basic metaphors, changing key metaphors and generating new submodels.
Cultural Language Activities in the Practice of International Business Etiquette
Authors:   Kiev National University of Culture and Arts,Kiev, Ukraine, Sidorovskaya Evgeniya
Published: June 2021

Peculiarities of speech culture in international etiquette forms of business communication are investigated. Cultural activity in the theoretical and practical discourse of business etiquette is considered through the prism of the peculiarities of business culture. Paralanguage and prosody are analyzed as important components of cultural activities in the context of the specifics of international business etiquette, as well as the specifics of business communication according to S. Hall's theory of types of cultural context ("low-context cultures" and "high-context cultures"). Cultural activities in the context of international business etiquette involves not only strict adherence to established language norms and literary language, purposeful and casual use of certain linguistic means of expression in accordance with the purpose of communication, but also adaptation to the culture of communication. The content of cultural-language techniques in business etiquette, which includes the whole set of moral etiquette psychological and utilitarian norms is manifested in assessments that are directly integrated into the psychological plane of communication, in particular they reflect the levels of moral and psychological culture of interlocutors,regulate the procedural side of business communication. culture of the communication process in general. Ethical norms of cultural activities are a system of certain formal guidelines, within which the processes of business communication operate. It was found that the indicators of language culture in international business etiquette are: vocabulary, language composition, literacy, pronunciation and intonation, and important components of cultural activities in the context of the specifics of international business etiquette are paralanguage and prosody, which organically combine the unconscious and articulated in cultural activities.
The Vibration of the String with the Interstitial Massive Point
Authors:   Department of Physical Electronics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Pardy Miroslav
Published: June 2021

We will consider the string, the left end of which is fixed at the beginning of the coordinate system, the right end is fixed at point l and mass m is fixed between the ends of the string. We determine the vibration of such system. The proposed model can be also related in the modified form to the problem of the Mossbauer effect, or recoil less nuclear resonance fluorescence, which is the resonant and recoil-free emission and absorption of gamma radiation by atomic nuclei bound in a solid.(Mossbauer,1958)
Literatura y educación: construyendo identidades
Authors: Barraza Jara Eduardo , Troncoso Araos Ximena , Rosas Godoy Jorge , Tesche Roa Paula , Amaya Juan Pablo , Sánchez Sánchez Jorge , Rabanal Gatica Dámaso , Landeros Tiznado Damaris , Martínez Palma Elizabeth , Fernández Darraz María Cecilia , Valenzuela Rettig Pilar , Navarro Carvallo Macarena , Álvarez Martínez Claudia , Segovia Olguín Alexis , Hormazábal Muñoz Valentina , Muñoz Moya Pilar , Orellana Martínez Fernanda , García Castro Juan Fernando , Montoya Marín Juan Eliseo , Ariza Garcés Angie Alejandra
Published: June 2021

El conjunto de textos que forman este libro expone diversos acercamientos –teóricos, críticos, reflexivos y prácticos– hacia la literatura en contexto educativo, bajo la premisa que todo texto literario es un texto cultural que tiene la potencialidad de transmitir y crear identidad. Literatura y educación: construyendo identidades es una manifestación de una comunidad de profesionales de la literatura que busca aportar al desarrollo crítico de la literatura en contextos educativos, con una mirada cultural.
АНАЛИЗ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК НАПРЯЖЕННО-ДЕФОРМИРОВАННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ КОМЛЕВОЙ ЧАСТИ ЛОПАСТИ НЕСУЩЕГО ВИНТА ВЕРТОЛЕТА
Authors: Гребеников А. Г. , Малков И. В. , Светличный С. П. , Лоленко А. В. , Кривобок А. И. , Урбанович В. А. , Москаленко Н. И.
Published: June 2021

The butt part of the main rotor blade (RB) of the helicopter is presented. A geometric model of the calculated connection was developed using the CATIA V5 system. With the help of the ANSYS system, a finite element model of the butt part of the main rotor blade was developed, and the calculation and analysis of the characteristics of the results obtained were carried out. To describe the response of materials to an external action, a model of an elastically deformable isotropic body was used with the assignment of the corresponding elastic constants of the material. The case of loading a bolted joint by a centrifugal force arising during the rotation of a blade is considered. To model the contact interaction, a generalized surface-to-surface contact interaction model was adopted. The analysis of the calculation results includes the determination of reactions at the attachment points, the values of the maximum displacements of structural elements and stresses in the stress concentration zones. In the course of the calculation, reactions were determined at the points of attachment of the tip along the holes in the lugs. The nature of the deformation of the bolted joint as a whole and of its individual elements is analyzed. The assessment of total displacements and displacement components is carried out. To assess the static and fatigue strength of the elements of the bolted connection of the tip with the blade spar, the stresses in the load-bearing elements were analyzed for typical concentrators. When assessing the static strength, the distribution of equivalent stresses according to Mises was analyzed. The distribution of stresses in the zone of holes along the rows is analyzed, starting from the root section in the direction of increasing the Y coordinate. The maximum von Mises stresses for typical stress concentration zones were compared with the ultimate strength of the structural element material. To assess the fatigue strength, we analyzed the distribution of the main tensile stresses in the load-bearing elements by typical stress concentrators. The maximum values of these stresses were compared with the fatigue limit of the structural element material.
КОНЦЕПЦІЯ ПІДТРИМАННЯ ЛЬОТНОЇ ПРИДАТНОСТІ ПОВІТРЯНИХ СУДЕН НА РІЗНИХ ЕТАПАХ ЖИТТЄВОГО ЦИКЛУ
Authors: Орловський М. М. , Приймак А. В. , Войтенко В. В.
Published: June 2021

Based on the analysis of the airworthiness model of aircraft and the current legal framework in Ukraine, the fact of creating conditions for resolving most of the problems in the aviation industry is stated and further ways for the activities of regulatory bodies are determined. In the aspect of the importance of the problem of improving the system of maintaining the airworthiness of aircraft in Ukraine, the basic principles and rules for ensuring and maintaining airworthiness are determined, as well as requirements for the system for maintaining airworthiness are formulated. In the context of the formation and improvement of the aircraft continued airworthiness system, the most important requirement is to determine the composition and content of its main conceptual provisions: principles and methods to be implemented at different stages of the life cycle of aviation technology. Methods and means of ensuring and maintaining the airworthiness of aircraft follow from the tasks of the functioning of the aviation transport system and are based on the theory of reliability, probability and mathematical statistics, the theory of random processes and recovery, operations research and systems analysis, the theory of mathematical programming and experimentation, cybernetics, systems engineering and others with the use of software and computer technology. At the same time, the peculiarities of the current domestic regulatory framework, the requirements of ICAO international standards, world experience in maintaining the airworthiness of aircraft should be taken into account. In the methodological plan, when justifying the requirements for the system for ensuring and maintaining airworthiness, program-target planning and control methods can be used. The paper presents the main components of the aircraft airworthiness maintenance system. These components are responsible for various areas of its functioning in accordance with the principles and rules set out in the framework of the requirements for it. The global impact of the human factor problem on the process of maintaining and maintaining airworthiness of aircraft and on ensuring flight safety in general is shown, which is impossible without a detailed study of the features of the functioning and the corresponding improvement of the processes of maintenance and repair of aircraft.
ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ УРІВНОВАЖУВАЛЬНОЇ НАВАНТАГИ НА ШПАНГОУТ ОДНОПАЛУБНОГО ФЮЗЕЛЯЖУ
Authors: Дибир А. Г. , Кирпикин А. А. , Пекельный Н. И.
Published: June 2021

With the optimal design of the fuselage, a very important issue is the choice of the optimal position of the load-bearing floor in the cross-section of the fuselage.Depending on the relative position of the load-bearing floor, the reduced thickness of the floor, the scheme of fastening the floor to the frames and the ratio of the reduced thicknesses of the fuselage skin and the floor, the position of the center of stiffness of the fuselage cross-section changes, the torsional stiffness of the fuselage. This leads to a change in torque, a redistribution of shear flows, a redistribution of flattening loads on the frame from the bending of the fuselage.In this work, two schemes of fastening the floor to the frame are considered - a rigid, torque connection and a hinged one. In this case, the frame takes up additional load from the floor. The fuselage is considered as a thin-walled rod, loaded with horizontal and vertical shear forces, torque and flattening forces from the fuselage bending.For reliability, the calculation of the position of the center of stiffness in a double-closed cross-section was carried out by two methods: a fictitious force and a fictitious moment. The influence of various parameters on the location of the center of rigidity was investigated. The influence of the vertical position of the floor, the ratio of the reduced thicknesses of the floor and the fuselage skin and the cross-sectional area of the beams of the floor attachment to the fuselage on the position of the center of stiffness was evaluated. Diagrams of these dependencies were constructed based on the results of calculations. The dependence of the torsional stiffness on the position of the floor and the ratio of the reduced thicknesses of the floor and the fuselage skin was investigated. Based on the calculation results, a diagram of these dependencies was built. Various constructive solutions were considered for fastening the floor to the fuselage skin: with their direct connection and with the floor support only on the beam. The floor loading from flattening loads caused by the bending of the fuselage was studied. The diagram of the loading of the frame and the floor from flattening loads is shown.According to the diagrams, you can choose the optimal vertical position of the floor, the reduced floor thickness and the cross-sectional area of the beam
ТЕОРЕТИЧНА МОДЕЛЬ ФОРМУВАННЯ ДВОВИМІРНИХ НАНОСТРУКТУР ВЕРТИКАЛЬНОГО ГРАФЕНУ ПІД ДІЄЮ ПЛАЗМИ
Authors: Баранов О. О.
Published: June 2021

Vertically oriented graphene nanostructures have been grown for more than decade, but the mechanisms of their formation are still unclear. A multifactor model is proposed, which is verified by comparison with experimental data and describes the processes of growth of the structure of vertical graphene in plasma. The role of chemical and physical processes that cannot be directly characterized by available experimental methods, such as surface diffusion of adatoms and radicals under the action of ions, has been studied. Ion bombardment is a key factor that significantly accelerates the growth rate through the formation of surface defects and, consequently, increases the energy of surface adsorption. Hydrocarbon radicals formed on the substrate under the bombardment diffuse to the graphene nanosheets and serve as the main source of the construction material. Thus, the leading role in the formation of vertical graphene belongs to surface diffusion, rather than direct deposition from the gas phase. The temperature of the sample is also an important parameter, which affects the growth process according to the following mechanism: at low temperatures the adsorption from the gas phase is more intense, but the diffusion processes are slowed down; elevated temperatures have the opposite effect. The surface density of graphene nanosheets, which can be controlled at the stage of nucleation, strongly affects the height of the structure due to the redistribution of ion fluxes during the growth: as the nanosheets grow, the ion current density decreases to the side edge of the sheet and increases to the upper edge. This process leads to a decrease in the ion current density at the side edge of the nanosheet, and, as a consequence, to a change in the dependence of the graphene sheet length on time: from a saturated curve or a quasilinear time dependence to a parabolic dependence. The assumption of surface diffusion of hydrocarbon radicals as the dominant growth mechanism is consistent with existing experimental data; these results confirm the physical model, and also bring a deeper understanding of the physics of growth of vertical graphene.
Evolução da Mortalidade por Câncer de Mama. Salvador (BA) 1979-1996
Authors: Pimentel Vanessa Nascimento , Silva Lígia Maria Vieira da , Paim Jairnilson Silva , Costa Maria da Conceição Nascimento
Published: June 2021

Foi realizado um estudo de séries temporais com o objetivo de descrever a evolução da mortalidade por câncer de mama em mulheres com idade igual e superior a 20 anos, no município de Salvador-BA, entre 1979 e 1996. Os dados sobre os óbitos foram obtidos do Subsistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde e os dados populacionais, dos Censos Demográficos de 1970, 1980 e 1991 e contagem de 1996, bem como pelas estimativas do CIS/SESAB para os demais anos. As taxas de mortalidade específicas por câncer de mama foram calculadas e padronizadas pelo método direto, tendo a população mundial como referência. As taxas padronizadas variaram entre 12,7 e 19,1 sendo superiores à mortalidade observada em outras capitais brasileiras. No período estudado, houve um decréscimo da taxa bruta de mortalidade de 19,1 para 18,5/100.000 mulheres, correspondendo a uma variação de 3,1%. A análise da série temporal através das médias móveis de ordem 5 mostra uma tendência à estabilidade. Já nos coeficientes específicos por idade, verifica-se uma tendência ascendente relacionada com a faixa etária. Diante desses achados, os autores discutem possíveis limitações nos atuais programas de controle relacionadas com a cobertura ou com a efetividade das medidas adotadas para a redução da mortalidade por esta causa.
Inibidores da aromatase no câncer de mama: da doença metastática ao tratamento adjuvante
Authors: Saad Everardo D , Bromberg Sylvio , Katz Artur , Simon Sergio D
Published: June 2021

Os tratamentos hormonais continuam a ter papel importante no manejo clínico das pacientes com câncer de mama. Entre os avanços mais recentes, os inibidores da aromatase de terceira geração vêm ocupando lugar de destaque no contexto da doença metastática. A aromatase, presente em diversos tecidos, é responsável pela conversão de andrógenos em estradiol e estrona. Antes da menopausa, a maior parte dos estrógenos femininos se origina nos ovários. Com a insuficiência ovariana, as glândulas supra-renais passam a ser a principal fonte de andrógenos, que são convertidos pela aromatase em estrógenos; esta conversão ocorre em tecidos periféricos como gordura, músculos, fígado e o próprio tumor de mama. A inibição da aromatase é uma estratégia com base racional sólida, e comprovadamente eficaz no sentido de reduzir os níveis séricos de estrógenos em mulheres pós-menopausa. Os inibidores de aromatase de primeira e segunda geração caracterizaram-se por alta toxicidade ou baixa eficácia, quando comparados ao tamoxifeno. No entanto, o tamoxifeno apresenta, além de sua ação antiestrogênica, um efeito pró-estrogênico, responsável por efeitos colaterais, tais quais proliferação do endométrio e fenômenos tromboembólicos. Estudos recentes, discutidos neste artigo, demonstraram a superioridade dos inbidores da aromatase de terceira geração, com relação ao megestrol, no tratamento hormonal de segunda linha do câncer de mama metastático em mulheres pós-menopausa. Além disto, estas drogas têm conquistado papel de destaque no tratamento de primeira linha da doença metastática, no tratamento neo-adjuvante, e no tratamento adjuvante de pacientes com câncer de mama.
O papel do ácido fólico na prevenção e na terapêutica oncológica: revisão
Authors: Baluz Kátia , Carmo Maria das Graças Tavares do , Rosas Glorimar
Published: June 2021

O ácido fólico, por ser uma vitamina envolvida em um grande número de processos bioquímicos essenciais para a vida, tem também importante papel na oncologia, principalmente a partir da sua ação na metilação do DNA e na síntese de purinas e pirimidinas. Causas genéticas ou de deficiência desta vitamina têm sido relacionadas ao câncer em vários estudos. Seu papel se estende e se prolonga desde a prevenção até o tratamento do câncer, onde ele é largamente utilizado na forma do seu análogo químico, prejudicando o desenvolvimento do tumor e levando à sua subseqüente erradicação. A utilização do ácido fólico ou da sua forma reduzida na prevenção e durante ou antes do tratamento oncológico é descrito neste levantamento bibliográfico, que tem a intenção de somar esforços na direção do estabelecimento de estratégias intervencionistas que reduzam o risco de câncer e a toxicidade relacionada ao tratamento.
Carcinoma de Pulmão de Células não Pequenas
Authors: Instituto Nacional de Câncer
Published: June 2021

Conduta diagnóstico-terapêutica do INCA para Neoplasias Pulmonares de células não pequenas.
Análise De Desperdícios: Um Estudo De Caso Em Uma Empresa De Cervejas Artesanais
Authors: Póvoas Marcelo dos Santos , Moreira Jéssica Freire
Published: June 2021

Hoje em dia, a reduzir os desperdícios está relacionada diretamente com a produtividade das organizações, além do gerenciamento de custos e preços. O trabalho a seguir faz a análise dos oito desperdícios básicos da metodologia Lean em um processo produtivo de uma empresa do ramo de cervejarias artesanais, principalmente, de atividades que geram altos índices de desperdício e acabam impactando a sua produção e, com isso, seu lucro, custos e principalmente, tempo. Este estudo apresenta a análise feita nesta indústria, onde são observados aspectos referentes ao processo de produção, a partir dessas análises, utilizando ferramentas de análise relacionadas ao Lean Manufacturing, são feitas sugestões de melhorias, visando ao aumento da produtividade, a fim de reduzir os desperdícios. As hipóteses foram dadas como verdadeiras. Reduzir desperdícios diz respeito à redução de custos, tempo, movimentação e transportes desnecessários, ou seja, reduzir tudo aquilo que não agrega valor, no ponto de vista do cliente, ao produto final fabricado. O que permite obter maior qualidade, redução de estoque, menor tempo de produção, maior segurança à saúde do colaborador e, além disso, menores preços.
Análise De Riscos Para A Inserção De Deficientes Físicos Utilizando Bayesian Belief Network E Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Póvoas Marcelo dos Santos , Moreira Jéssica Freire
Published: June 2021

A produtividade, qualidade dos produtos fabricados e segurança de seus colaboradores estão relacionadas diretamente com a organização e a escolha na inserção de sua mão-de-obra para cada uma das funções empresariais. O objetivo principal do estudo é definir os fatores críticos na que podem fazer com que inserção de pessoas com deficiência (PCD’s) física em ambiente industrial resulte em risco de falhas e acidentes de trabalho, de forma a garantir a melhoria e aumento da produtividade. Como abordagem metodológica, foi realizada uma pesquisa de literatura sobre e Legislação Brasileira sobre atividades executadas por PCD’s em indústrias de alta complexidade, e foi feito um estudo de caso para verificar como as atividades exercidas por esses trabalhadores podem afetar a qualidade e segurança do produto. Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) e Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) foram utilizadas para verificar a probabilidade de falha do processo de inserção levando em consideração os fatores críticos que podem ser gerados pela má contratação e gerenciamento de colaboradores com deficiências. Como resultado deste estudo os principais fatores críticos foram identificados e um processo foi estabelecido para assegurar que haja compatibilidade entre as deficiências e as atividades exercidas por um funcionário com deficiência. A utilização das metodologias evidenciou o impacto no processo de inserção. O estudo é uma fonte importante de informação para empresas, que possuam sistema de produção com certo nível de complexidade.
Functional Evaluation Of Pathologies In Flexible Pavement
Authors: Nascimento Jéssica Wanderley Souza do , Santos Caíque Assunção dos , Sampaio Allefy Teles , Queiroz Filipi Magalhães de , Barreto Thiago de Albuquerque
Published: June 2021

Highways are of essential importance, since they are the main mode of transportation in the country, with a vast territorial extension of roads. However, many of these highways present some kind of alteration in their initial shape. The concept of paving, pathologies and their causes, as well as their recovery, are thus constituted. These problems were visually evaluated according to the Asphalt Pavement Restoration Manual of the DNIT (National Department of Transportation Infrastructure) in accordance with the TER 005/2003 and PRO 009/2003 standards, in a different area of the city of Manaus, namely the South Zone, consisting of the roads of the Industrial Complex, which allows the transportation of containerized cargo to the ports. The results, based on the visual surveys carried out and the current serviceability values, indicated roads with a concept between bad and regular.
Metodologias Ativas Como Estratégias Para Um Aprendizado Significativo No Ensino Em Saúde
Authors: Valente Antonia Regiane Pereira Duarte
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo foi viável através de uma revisão integrativa da literatura a partir de publicações nacionais e internacionais dos últimos 10 anos. O mesmo abordará sobre o uso de metodologias ativas como estratégias para um aprendizado significativo no ensino em saúde. Neste contexto, os resultados evidenciam que a metodologia da problematização é a ferramenta mais empregada para subsidiar o ensino em saúde. Constata-se também que nesta modalidade de ensino o professor se mostra mais como um gestor e orientador de caminhos, os quais podem ser trilhados por parte do estudante de forma individual e coletiva possibilitando o desenvolvimento de sua autonomia como questão central no processo de aprendizagem estimulando-o a reflexão e a ação verdadeiras destes sobre a realidade. Assim, a partir do estudo considera-se que a utilização das metodologias da problematização possibilita um aprendizado significativo, uma vez que aproxima ensino e serviço, auxiliando para uma compreensão ampliada e integrada das diversas necessidades encontradas no cotidiano dos profissionais de saúde, fato este que auxiliará o acadêmico a se preparar profissionalmente para uma realidade de constantes mudanças econômicas e tecnológicas.
O Espaço Escolar Pelo Olhar Da Sensibilidade: Posturas Profissionais Transformadoras Na Educação
Authors: Santos Simone Severina Corrêa dos , Cardoso Davi da Silva
Published: June 2021

Partindo da realidade que engloba o espaço escolar e a atuação dos profissionais da educação percebemos a necessidade de um olhar diferenciado dos educadores com seu alunado, por isso este artigo nos leva à concepção de que o ato de ensinar não lida somente com o letramento, mas envolve outras vertentes abrangendo ao mesmo tempo as exigências curriculares, o lado emocional e social, as transformações corporais e a aprendizagem dos alunos. Atualmente, nossas escolas precisam trabalhar todos esses aspectos e também desenvolver um olhar atento do educador, da equipe pedagógica e demais profissionais para minimizar conflitos, abandonos e fracassos no desempenho escolar desse aluno. Os discentes trazem várias necessidades pessoais e vivências diferenciadas, bem como é necessário trabalhar todas essas exigências para que consigamos chegar ao novo perfil de estudante que foi estipulado pelas legislações educacionais. Portanto, este artigo realiza uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os aspectos socioemocionais e a sua influência tanto no lado educacional quanto no crescimento pessoal dos alunos e propõe a adoção de uma postura profissional diferenciada a fim de que todo esse contexto seja desenvolvido e leve a mudanças significativas tanto na educação quanto na vida dos estudantes.
Análise Da Segurança E Seus Possíveis Riscos À Saúde: Um Estudo De Caso Em Uma Empresa Têxtil
Authors: Póvoas Marcelo dos Santos , Moreira Jéssica Freire
Published: June 2021

A produtividade está relacionada diretamente com a organização e as condições de trabalho, armazenamento da matéria-prima e produtos, redução de desperdícios e treinamento de sua mão de obra. O trabalho a seguir faz a análise das etapas do processo produtivo de uma Empresa têxtil, principalmente, das atividades que possam gerar altos índices de acidentes ou doenças ocupacionais que acabam impactando diretamente na qualidade, segurança e consequentemente na sua produção, impactando na redução dos seus lucros e incremento nos custos. Essas análises proporcionarão opções de melhoria de processos de produção e condições de trabalho, com o fim de reduzir possíveis riscos de acidentes e potenciais afastamentos laborais. Reduzir acidentes, significa proporcionar bem-estar ao trabalhador. Desta forma, busca-se também reduzir custos e tempo, além da movimentação e transporte desnecessários, o que permite obter maior qualidade, redução de estoque, menor tempo de produção, maior segurança à saúde do colaborador e, além disso, menores custos de produção.
A Busca Por Uma Vida Saudável: A (In)Gerência Do Corpo Pelas Formas De Poder Sobre A Vida
Authors: Bertani Juliana , Costa Rogério da
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre os dispositivos de controle do corpo, da saúde e da forma física, colaborando para uma crítica no processo de conhecimento dos cuidados do corpo. Manifestando-se através do conceito de vida saudável, as estratégias discursivas midiáticas do contemporâneo se utilizam desse título para impulsionar a associação entre a busca de uma vida saudável e o fato de se ter saúde. Entretanto, o entendimento a partir da análise de sentido dessa associação parece demonstrar que a busca pela vida saudável está ligada a estratégias mercadológicas como padrões de beleza do corpo, a venda de fármacos, assim como o incentivo de procedimentos cirúrgicos. Com o objetivo de ilustrar esse processo, serão retratados alguns dados referentes a uma pesquisa, cuja análise serviu-se da Análise de Conteúdo junto à Revista Boa Forma, entre os anos de 1990-2018. Além disso, também se propõe discutir a mudança, ocorrida na passagem do século XX para o XXI, de uma cultura fitness, anterior à era digital, para a cultura do corpo saudável convertido em pacotes de informações. Essa mudança também mostra um deslocamento do conceito de saúde para um âmbito mais mercadológico de busca por saúde.
Programas De Atenção À Criança Na Atenção Básica, Uma Perspectiva De Enfermagem
Authors: Silva Robson Alves Da
Published: June 2021

A assistência à saúde da criança tem seu foco primordial desde o pré – natal e busca uma estrutura adequada através dos programas direcionados para esse público destacando assim a interação da enfermagem com os programas estabelecidos e quais os desafios que podem ser encontrado. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a prática de enfermagem, assim como as dificuldades encontradas diante dos programas de atenção básica voltada para a saúde da criança. Este estudo trata de uma revisão de literatura que utilizou o estudo dos programas de saúde pública voltadas para a assistência à saúde da criança na Atenção Básica à Saúde, foram utilizadas informações importantes para o desenvolvimento do estudo relevante ao tema as base de dados para o levantamento do material de pesquisa como: livros, manuais e cartilhas do Ministério da Saúde, assim como as online o Caribe em Ciências da Saúde LILACs, Scientific Eletronic Libray Online (SCIELO), Ministério da Saúde (MS), Revista Pan-Americana de Saúde Pública, Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem (REBEN) e a Revista Mineira de Enfermagem (REME). Na conclusiva, foi possível observar que o profissional de enfermagem consegue identificar os critérios e interesses das ações de saúde dentro da assistência a saúde da criança no âmbito do SUS, mesmo assim ainda há divergências na forma de assisti-las causando falta de vinculo entre profissional e família pondo em destaque a desarticulação das ações voltadas para a criança.