bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A MODEL FOR ASSESSING THE SECURITY OF A COMPLEX NETWORK (PART 2)
Authors:   Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kalashnikov Andrey , Bugajskij Konstantin ,   Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Molotov Aleksandr ,   Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2022

Purpose of the article: development of a mechanism for evaluating the actions of agents of complex information systems from the point of view of information security. Research method: game-theoretic models using stochastic modeling methods. The result: typical operations of the violator and defender are defined. A game-theo retic model based on a game with nature has been developed to determine the results of an attack on a separate element of a complex network. Based on the zero-sum game, a model of agent confrontation based on the resu lts of the game with nature has been developed. For the game with nature and the zero-sum game, the stra tegies of agents’ actions are defined. A formal description of the model is given, and it is shown that the simulation result is determined by six parameters that do not depend on a particular type of network graph.
Cord Blood Sampling - A Review of Umbilical Cord Blood Use for Admission
Laboratory Tests in the Immediate Newborn Period
Authors: Carroll Patrick D.
Published: November 2022

Historically blood for admission laboratory studies in neonates was obtained through di-rect neonatal phlebotomy. Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in studies evaluating the validity and clinical impact of using a cord blood sample for many admission labora-tory studies. This article reviews various studies that together suggest that using cord blood samples for admission testing in neonates is both acceptable and beneficial.
Heterotopic Triplet Pregnancy after Double Frozen Embryo Transfer
Resulting in Delivery of Healthy Twins at Term: A Case Report
Authors: Al-Rshoud Firas , Darwish Tamara , Kilani Rami , Almahmoud Lina , AL-Sharua Emad Aldeen
Published: November 2022

Background:

Sonographic visualization of intrauterine pregnancy after multiple embryo transfers does not preclude the coexistence of an ectopic pregnancy, which should be excluded routinely. Heterotopic pregnancy carries high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it needs high index of suspicion to diagnose and manage accordingly.

Case Presentation:

Our case reports a 39-year-old woman who presented with heterotopic triplet pregnancy at 5 weeks and 5 days of gestation. It resulted in a successful delivery of intrauterine monozygotic twins at 37 weeks. This pregnancy is an outcome of ICSI treatment due to low ovarian reserve. Only two embryos were obtained through the protocol and double frozen embryo transfer was done afterwards. Tubal pregnancy was successfully managed expectantly.

Conclusion:

Our case highlights the importance of early surveillance and close monitoring of patients undergoing multiple embryo transfers. Thus, keeping the possibility of heterotopic pregnancy in mind after ART cannot be over-emphasized.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Bloodstream Infections in
Children with Cancer: A Report from a Pediatric Hematology Oncology
Unit
Authors: Bangeas Athanasios , Protonotariou Efthymia , Hatzipantelis Emmanuel , Palabougiouki Maria , Ioannidou Maria , Skoura Lemonia , Galli-Tsinopoulou Assimina , Tragiannidis Athanasios
Published: November 2022

Background/Aim:

Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children
with haematologic malignancies and solid tumors as well as those undergoing hematopoietic stem
cell transplantation (HSCT). The purpose of our study was to record the epidemiological characteristics
and outcomes of bacteremias, focusing on pathogens, as well as risk factors and mortality
rates in patients of a pediatric hematology-oncology unit from Northern Greece.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective analysis was conducted, which included all positive blood
cultures from pediatric hematology oncology patients aged from 1 to 16 years old admitted to the
Pediatric and Adolescent Hematology Oncology Unit of AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki
between January 2014 and December 2018. Data were collected from patients’ printed and
electronic medical records.

Results:

73 episodes of bacteremias were identified (41% male and 32% female with a ratio of
1.28:1; median age 6.5 years; 13.7% solid tumor, 72.6% acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 13.7%
acute myeloid leukemia, and 95.8% with an indwelling permanent catheter). 49.3% of the isolates
were Gram-positive bacteria and 50.7% Gram-negative, and the ratio of Gram-negative to Grampositive
was 1.02. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were most frequent (39.7%), followed by E.
coli (17.8%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.8%). Out of all Gram-negatives, 13.5% carbapenemase
producers and 8.1% ESBL-producers were found. In relation to Gram-positive, 79.3%
were identified as methicillin-resistant CoNS. During the study period, 10.9% of indwelling catheters
were removed, and 2.73% of episodes resulted in ICU transfer. The 3-month mortality rate
was 8.2%.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated an almost equal distribution of Gram-positive and Gramnegative
bacteremias in total in this population but with an increase in the isolation of Grampositive
bacteria over the last years, which is consistent with other similar studies in this patient
group. Knowledge of the local epidemiology and bacterial antimicrobial resistance is important to
prevent and timely treat these life-threatening infections in immunocompromised pediatric oncology
patients.
A Comparative Study on Heavy Metal Removal Capacity of Different Hydrogels through Electrostatic Interactions and Ion-Exchange Mechanisms
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim M. , Radwan Mostafa. A. , Sadek Mohammed. A. , Darwish Sohair A. , Mostafa Nasser Y.
Published: November 2022

Background

The use of hydrogel materials as adsorbents for heavy metal ions removal has grabbed the attention of several researchers due to its high removal capacity and generatability, thus providing both operational and economic efficiency.

Aim

The design phase of fabricating the hydrogel material is a very critical step. A full knowledge of the effect of different potential functional groups and their interactions together can surely save resources and time.

Objective

This study evaluates the removal capacity of different hydrogels whose functional groups remove via ion-exchange versus electrostatic interactions.

Method

The removal of Poly(2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulphonic Acid) (PAMPS) was compared to that of sodium polyacrylate (NA-PA) hydrogels, which remove metals through electrostatic attraction and ion exchange respectively.

Result

It was found that the removal capacity of PAMPS, which has two anionic functional groups, is almost as good as one salt group available for ion exchange, reaching up to 92% and 87% respectively. A semi-interpenetrating network (IPN) based on both hydrogels showed slightly decreased removal capacity, almost to 80%, which was interpreted due to the loss of some active sites due to the inevitable attraction between PAMPS’s anionic functional groups and Na-PA’s salt group.

Conclusion

The obtained results encourage the use of hydrogel materials with salt groups employing ion-exchange mechanism.
Expression and Characterization of a Small, Xylan/Cellulose-degrading GH43 Protein Derived from Biofertilizer Metagenome
Authors: Oraintara Atcha , Bhunaonin Pitak
Published: November 2022

Background:

A putative glycosyl hydrolase gene biof1_09 was identified from a metagenomic fosmid library of local biofertilizers in previous report [1]. The gene is renamed as gh43kk in this study.

Methods:

The gene gh43kk, encoding a putative β-D-xylosidase was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and successfully cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The expressed recombinant protein was purified by metal affinity chromatography. Its properties were initially verified by enzyme assay and thin layer chromatography (TLC).

Results:

The purified recombinant protein showed the highest catalytic activities at acidic pH 4 and 50°C toward beechwood xylan, followed by carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). TLC analysis indicated a release of xylose and glucose when xylan and CMC were treated with Gh43kk protein, respectively, whereas glucose and cellobiose were detected when avicel, cellulose and filter paper were used as substrates, suggesting its dual function as xylanase with cellulase activity. The enzyme indicated great stability in a temperature between 10 to 50 °C and a wide range of pH from 4 to 8. Enzyme activity of Gh43kk was enhanced in the presence of magnesium and manganese ions, while calcium ions, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) inhibited the enzyme activity.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that Gh43kk could be a potential candidate for application in various bioconversion processes.
In vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Four Selected Medicinal Plants against Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bovine Mastitis in Mieso District West Hararghe Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Yusuf Balisa , Abraha Bruk , Salih Kedir , Abdurahman Abdallahi , Alemu Sisay , Wondimu Anteneh , Bayu Yehualashet
Published: November 2022

Background:

Bovine mastitis is a major disease mostly caused by bacterial infection and associated with losses in the global dairy industry. Since mastitis-causing bacterial developing multidrug resistance to conventional antibiotics, there is an admirable supplementary study on medicinal plants to use them as an alternative therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of four selected medicinal plants against Staphylococcus aureus.

Methods:

An experimental study was done to evaluate the antibacterial activity of crude methanolic extracts of four traditionally used medicinal plants against S. aureus. Standard phytochemical screening tests were conducted to detect the bioactive principle of plants. Agar well diffusion assay was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of crude methanolic plant extract. The broth dilution method was also used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of plant extracts.

Results:

The percentage yields obtained from the root of Clerodandrum myricoides, Kalanchoe densiflora, Kalanchoe marmorata and leaf of Kalanchoe marmorata and Datura stramonium were 22.6%, 37.2%, 51.6%, 32.3% and 50.7%, respectively. Phytochemical screening tests revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as tannins, phenols, and steroids in all plant extract, except in D. stramonium, while others like alkaloids, flavonoids, quinones, and saponins were fairly detected in all samples. The agar well diffusion results showed significant (p < 0.05) differences in the mean zone of inhibition (ZOI) between each plant at different concentrations with significant potency comparable to gentamicin. C. myricoides and D. stramonium revealed the broadest spectrum of action yielding the highest ZOI (27.0 ± 0.58 mm), whereas K. marmorata leaf showed less activity with the lowest ZOI (22.3 ± 0.33 mm). The broth dilution method indicated that the MIC value of plant extracts against S. aureus ranged between 3.90 and 7.80 mg/ml while its corresponding MBC value ranged between 7.80 and 15.6 mg/ml. According to the MIC/MBC ratio, all tested plants (except K. densiflora) against standard S. aureus while C. myricoides and D. stramonium against clinical S. aureus isolate were determined to be bactericidal.

Conclusion:

This finding confirmed that all tested plants had a potential anti-staphylococcal effect. Thus, further study on in vivo experiments and cytotoxicity analyses must be conducted to suggest these plants as alternative mastitis treatments.
Stress Coping Styles in Family and Relatives of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients in the South of Iran: Application of Lazarus and Folkman’s Theory of Stress Coping
Authors: Faryabi Reza , Rahimi Tahereh , Daneshi Salman , Movahed Ehsan , Yusefi Ali Reza , Shahrokhabadi Mohadeseh Shojaei , Chen Ding-Geng (Din) , Azaraeen Saeedeh , Clark Cain C. T.
Published: November 2022

Background:

The ongoing outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major challenge for mental health care systems and causes and exacerbates mental anxiety.

Objective:

This study sought to investigate the coping styles of stress in families and relatives of COVID-19 patients in the south of Iran, according to Lazarus and Folkman’s Transactional theory ‎of Stress coping ‎model.

Methods:

The present cross-sectional study was performed in the period from March 5 to July 5, 2020. Data collection was done electronically using a standard questionnaire on Lazarus and Folkman’s coping methods. Finally, the output data of the electronic questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

A total of 276 people participated in the present study. There was a statistically significant difference between age and all emotion-oriented coping style domains (P <0.05), except planful problem solving (P = 0.817) and positive reappraisal (P = 0.153). The results of the present study showed that from the emotion-oriented coping, the domain of self-controlling (%55.9) received an unfavorable score, but in the problem-oriented coping (60.02%), the two domains of social support (%71.27) and positive reappraisal (70%) obtained scores above 50%.

Conclusion:

Families and relatives need help to improve coping with stress in the area of self-controlling. The results of the present study showed that emotion-oriented coping (self-controlling) had less effect on family stress than problem-oriented coping (domains of social support and positive reappraisal). Also, with domains of social support and positive reappraisal, the stress in the families was reduced. Factors influencing coping styles were age, literacy, source of information, and underlying disease. Since the COVID-19 pandemic condition is a unique stressful situation, it is necessary to implement psychological and educational interventions to gain the ability to control stress, especially in relatives with COVID-19.
A Markov Chain Approach to the Pattern of Blood Donation Status at a Blood Service Centre in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chideme Coster , Chikobvu Delson
Published: November 2022

Background:

Blood donors’ behaviour towards blood donation is not easily predictable and can be considered a stochastic random variable. A four-state Markov chain technique was defined and adopted in this study. The transition probabilities of blood donation within the four identified states, viz: new, regular, occasional, and lapsed donors were used to making further inferences about the dynamics in blood donation in Harare, Zimbabwe.

Objectives:

The paper presents a four-state Discrete Time Markov Chain (DTMC) model in analysing the changes in blood donation status over the four-year study period.

Methodology:

A transition probabilities matrix was developed and parameters estimated using the maximum likelihood method and two other approaches, and inferences were made based on the resultant transition matrix.

Results:

About 56% of new donors made at least one repeat donation and became regular donors within the first year, and the numbers gradually declined with time, whilst the lapsed donors increased from 35.6% in the second year to 55.6% in year 4. The long-run probabilities tell the same, with 80.9% of blood donations becoming lapsed in the long run. Depending on the current state of donation, new or regular donations will likely move to the regular donation state in the following time step (year). On the other end, occasional and lapsed donations have a higher probability of entering the lapsed donation state in the following time step (year).

Conclusion:

The paper provides useful insights into the Markovian transition probabilities among the blood donation states, and this has implications on future blood donors’ pool and blood bank inventory in Zimbabwe. The decline in the number of donors who make repeat donations is a worrisome trend since regular donations are the lifeline of any blood service centre.
Patients for Patient Safety and Inpatients’ Perceptions of Safety in three Hospitals in Tshwane, South Africa
Authors: Nzaumvila Doudou Kunda , Shabalala Mbali Priscilla Pinky , Bongongo Tombo , Mabuza Langalibalele Honey , Govender Indiran
Published: November 2022

Background:

It has been found that an increasing number of patients are being harmed while receiving hospital care, and many reporting models are woefully insufficient. Patients' involvement in their own safety during hospitalization has been shown to make healthcare systems safer. Their perception of safety may differ from that of health care workers, but their contribution to safety brings a different perspective. There is currently no data on patients for patient safety and their perception of safety in Pretoria's Tshwane District.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study using a semi-structured validated questionnaire and a calculated sample size 281. Data were analysed using both Microsoft Excel and Instat software programs. Simple descriptive statistics were employed and the results were presented in tables. Inferential statistics were calculated for the association of variables, and statistical significance was set at p <0.05.

Results:

The majority of inpatients were single (184; 65.5%), and were female (163, 58%) with a secondary school education (175; 62.3%). Patients were not informed about hospital rules (205; 73%), or about the importance of wearing an identification bracelet (232; 82.6%) and the meaning of the colour-coding (271; 96.4%). They were informed about the care provided (146; 52%) and were asked to get involved in their safety (54; 54.8%). They were happy regarding issues of confidentiality and privacy (166, 59.1%). They were satisfied with their pain control (221; 78.6%).

Conclusion:

The ‘patients for patient safety’ principle is not effective in these institutions. Patients were unaware of the precautionary measures. Standard procedures should be established to allow inpatients to participate in safety.
Factors Predicting the Holistic Health Status of Cambodian Migrant Workers in Thailand
Authors: Nget Manndy , Ruchiwit Manyat , Collins Eileen
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

The overall health of Cambodian migrant workers is low. This study aims to describe the holistic-health status (HHS) of Cambodian migrant workers in Thailand.

Methods:

Three hundred four participants participated in this cross-sectional survey study. Participants completed the HHS questionnaire developed from the WHO Quality-Of-Life assessment and modified the Migrant Farmworker Stress Inventory. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses were used.

Results:

The study identified that social value and adaptation, or how people interacted and adapted to their community, was a significant predictor of HHS (p = .003). Other factors such as financial status, living and working environment, healthcare service and accessibility, and migrant policies were insignificant in the model.

Conclusion:

Social value and adaptation predicted HHS in our sample of Cambodian migrant workers. Other factors such as financial status, the living and working environment, health care services and migrant policies did not contribute to HHS in this sample.
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Clinical Manifestations and Risk Factors among Healthcare Workers In Palestine
Authors: Abukhalil Abdallah Damin , Naseef Hani A. , Zayed Noor , Ali Rolla , Bazzar Zeina , Al-Shami Ni'meh
Published: November 2022

Background:

Healthcare workers are the White army compacted the COVID-19 epidemic, and reports worldwide have shown an increase in SARS-CoV-2 among healthcare workers due to their direct interactions with infected patients. This study aimed to examine the clinical manifestations and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in Palestine and offer recommendations to ensure health workers' safety and adopt workplace safety policies.

Methods:

This questionnaire-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted using an online questionnaire to collect information about SARS-CoV-2 transmission, signs, symptoms, and treatment reported by healthcare workers. Furthermore, we explored policies, protocols, and practices that make health workers vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results:

A total of 389 healthcare workers were included, 216 (55.5%) were exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, 173 (44.5%) were infected with the virus, and the prevalence of hospitalization was 16%. The most commonly reported symptoms are fatigue, weakness, and muscle pain. Female healthcare workers experienced a significantly extended duration of symptoms than male workers. Direct contact (working less than 1.5 m) with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients and lack of COVID-19 and PPE training were risk factors for COVID-19 infection among HCWs.

Conclusion:

The healthcare system must ensure a safe work environment and adopt policies and procedures to ensure HCW safety, proper training, and resource availability to cope with crises.
High-Performance Computing for Density Matrix Renormalization Group
Authors: Tian Yingqi , Ma Haibo
Published: November 2022

In the last decades, many algorithms have been developed to use high-performance computing
(HPC) techniques to accelerate the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method,
an effective method for solving large active space strong correlation problems. In this article, the
previous DMRG parallelization algorithms at different levels of the parallelism are introduced. The
heterogeneous computing acceleration methods and the mixed-precision implementation are also
presented and discussed. This mini-review concludes with some summary and prospects for future
works.
Isolation, Characterization, and Antiproliferative Activity of Polymethoxy
Flavones from Mentha dumetorum
Authors: Akşit Hüseyin , Ozan Erdem , Erenler Ramazan
Published: November 2022

Background:

Natural products have been used commonly in the pharmaceutical industry as
well as traditional medicine due to their bioactive contents.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to isolate the polymethoxy flavones (PMFs) and evaluate the
antiproliferative activity.

Methods:

The PMFs were extracted from Mentha dumetorum with boiling hot water and then partitioned with hexane and the extract was subjected to chromatographic techniques such as Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, and preparative TLC, and HPLC to isolate the compounds. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, LC-TOF-MS, and UV-Vis. The antiproliferative effects of isolated compounds were evaluated using a real-time cell analyzer–single plate (RTCA-SP) instrument against HeLa and HT29 cell lines.

Results:

The isolated PMFs were identified as xanthomicrol (1), 5-hydroxy-6,7,8,4'-tetrametoxy flavanone (2), 5-desmetil sinensetin (3), 5-demetil nobiletin (4), gardenin B (5), 5-hydroxy-6,7,8,3',4'- penta methoxy flavanone (6) and 5-hydroxy-6,7,4'-trimethoxy flavone (7). Compounds 2 and 5 were found to be the most active against both cell lines.

Conclusion:

The isolated compounds as well as the plant extract of Mentha dumetorum could be
promising agents for the drug development process, especially drugs for cancer treatment. Moreover,
isolation methods were developed for the corresponding compounds.
Threat of Adversarial Attacks within Deep Learning: Survey
Authors: Ata-us-Samad  , Singh Roshni
Published: November 2022

In today’s era, Deep Learning has become the center of recent ascent in the field of artificial intelligence and its models. There are various Artificial Intelligence models that can be viewed as needing more strength for adversely defined information sources. It also leads to a high potential security concern in the adversarial paradigm; the DNN can also misclassify inputs that appear to expect in the result. DNN can solve complex problems accurately. It is empaneled in the vision research area to learn deep neural models for many tasks involving critical security applications. We have also revisited the contributions of computer vision in adversarial attacks on deep learning and discussed its defenses. Many of the authors have given new ideas in this area, which has evolved significantly since witnessing the first-generation methods. For optimal correctness of various research and authenticity, the focus is on peer-reviewed articles issued in the prestigious sources of computer vision and deep learning. Apart from the literature review, this paper defines some standard technical terms for non-experts in the field. This paper represents the review of the adversarial attacks via various methods and techniques along with their defenses within the deep learning area and future scope. Lastly, we bring out the survey to provide a viewpoint of the research in this Computer Vision area.
Drug-induced Liver Injury and Herb-induced Liver Injury Targeting Key
Issues
Authors: Teschke Rolf
Published: November 2022

The International Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Diseases starts with a new section on drug induced liver injury (DILI) and herb induced liver injury (HILI), and as its section editor, I would appreciate receiving submissions from potential authors. Closely connected with these forms of liver injury are topics of pathophysiology, clinical features, risk factors on the side of patients as well as drugs or herbs, diagnostic approaches including causality assessment using the updated RUCAM (Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method), and treatment modalities that help reduce risks of acute liver failure, liver transplantation, and lethal outcome. In conclusion, this new section on DILI and HILI will hopefully provide additional insights into the issues related to DILI and HILI.
Macroeconomic determinants of saving in South Asia: Evidence from panel ARDL
Authors:   College of Economics and Management, Al Qasimia University, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, Munir Kashif
Published: November 2022

The basic purpose of this research is to explore the short and long run macroeconomic determinants of saving in South Asian countries while saving has been disaggregated into gross saving and gross domestic saving. The study applied the panel ARDL model to analyze the short and long run determinants of saving. The study focuses on only four South Asian countries i.e., Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka from 1980 to 2019. The results depicted that GDP per capita growth, export growth, and money supply have positive and significant, while foreign direct investment has a significant and negative effect on gross saving in the long run. On the other hand, GDP per capita growth, money supply, and working age population have positive and significant, while foreign direct investment has a significant and negative effect on gross domestic saving in the long run. Bidirectional causality exists among the gross saving and GDP per capita growth, while unidirectional causality exists from working age population to gross domestic savings. Government has to increase the investment projects that lead to an increase in the employment level and income of the people, as well the government has to encourage local investment by stabilizing the market and discouraging foreign direct investment.
Intensive Care Unit Physicians’ Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence–Based Clinical Decision Support Tools: Preimplementation Survey Study
Authors: van der Meijden Siri L , de Hond Anne A H , Thoral Patrick J , Steyerberg Ewout W , Kant Ilse M J , Cinà Giovanni , Arbous M Sesmu
Published: November 2022

Background

Artificial intelligence–based clinical decision support (AI-CDS) tools have great potential to benefit intensive care unit (ICU) patients and physicians. There is a gap between the development and implementation of these tools.

Objective

We aimed to investigate physicians’ perspectives and their current decision-making behavior before implementing a discharge AI-CDS tool for predicting readmission and mortality risk after ICU discharge.

Methods

We conducted a survey of physicians involved in decision-making on discharge of patients at two Dutch academic ICUs between July and November 2021. Questions were divided into four domains: (1) physicians’ current decision-making behavior with respect to discharging ICU patients, (2) perspectives on the use of AI-CDS tools in general, (3) willingness to incorporate a discharge AI-CDS tool into daily clinical practice, and (4) preferences for using a discharge AI-CDS tool in daily workflows.

Results

Most of the 64 respondents (of 93 contacted, 69%) were familiar with AI (62/64, 97%) and had positive expectations of AI, with 55 of 64 (86%) believing that AI could support them in their work as a physician. The respondents disagreed on whether the decision to discharge a patient was complex (23/64, 36% agreed and 22/64, 34% disagreed); nonetheless, most (59/64, 92%) agreed that a discharge AI-CDS tool could be of value. Significant differences were observed between physicians from the 2 academic sites, which may be related to different levels of involvement in the development of the discharge AI-CDS tool.

Conclusions

ICU physicians showed a favorable attitude toward the integration of AI-CDS tools into the ICU setting in general, and in particular toward a tool to predict a patient’s risk of readmission and mortality within 7 days after discharge. The findings of this questionnaire will be used to improve the implementation process and training of end users.
The Use of Information and Communication Technology–Based Self-management System DialBeticsLite in Treating Abdominal Obesity in Japanese Office Workers: Prospective Single-Arm Pilot Intervention Study
Authors: Kawai Yuki , Waki Kayo , Yamaguchi Satoko , Shibuta Tomomi , Miyake Kana , Kimura Shigeko , Toyooka Tsuguyoshi , Nakajima Ryo , Uneda Kazushi , Wakui Hiromichi , Tamura Kouichi , Nangaku Masaomi , Ohe Kazuhiko
Published: November 2022

Background

Making lifestyle changes is an essential element of abdominal obesity (AO) reduction. To support lifestyle modification and self-management, we developed an information and communication technology–based self-management system—DialBeticsLite—with a fully automated dietary evaluation function for the treatment of AO.

Objective

The objective of this study was to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and feasibility of DialBeticsLite among Japanese office workers with AO.

Methods

A 2- to 3-month prospective single-arm pilot intervention study was designed to assess the effects of the intervention using DialBeticsLite. The information and communication technology system was composed of 4 modules: data transmission (body weight, blood pressure, blood glucose, and pedometer count); data evaluation; exercise input; and food recording and dietary evaluation. Eligible participants were workers who were aged ≥20 years and with AO (waist circumference ≥85 cm for men and ≥90 cm for women). Physical parameters, blood tests, nutritional intake, and self-care behavior were compared at baseline and after the intervention.

Results

A total of 48 participants provided completed data for analysis, which yielded a study retention rate of 100%. The average age was 46.8 (SD 6.8) years, and 92% (44/48) of participants were male. The overall average measurement rate of DialBeticsLite, calculated by dividing the number of days with at least one measurement by the number of days of the intervention, was 98.6% (SD 3.4%). In total, 85% (41/48) of the participants reported that their participation in the study helped them to improve their lifestyle. BMI, waist circumference, and visceral fat area decreased significantly after the intervention (P<.001). In addition, the daily calorie intake reduced significantly (P=.02). There was a significant improvement in self-care behavior in terms of exercise and diet (P=.001).

Conclusions

Using DialBeticsLite was shown to be a feasible and potentially effective method for reducing AO by providing users with a motivational framework to evaluate their lifestyle behaviors.
Ethical Issues in the Use of Smartphone Apps for HIV Prevention among Men who Have Sex with Men in Malaysia: A Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Khati Antoine , Wickersham Jeffrey A , Rosen Aviana O , Luces Jeffrey Ralph , Copenhaver Nicholas , Jeri-Wahrhaftig Alma , Ab Halim Mohd Akbar , Azwa Iskandar , Gautam Kamal , Ooi Kai Hong , Shrestha Roman
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

The use of smartphone apps can improve the HIV prevention cascade for key populations, such as men who have sex with men (MSM). In Malaysia, where stigma and discrimination toward MSM are high, mHealth app-based strategies have the potential to open new frontiers for HIV prevention efforts. However, little guidance is available to inform researchers about ethical concerns unique to the development and implementation of app-based HIV prevention programs.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to fill this gap by characterizing the attitudes and concerns of Malaysian MSM regarding HIV prevention mobile apps, particularly on ethical aspects surrounding their use.

METHODS

We conducted online focus group discussions (FGDs) with 23 MSM between August and September 2021. Using in-depth semi-structured interviews, participants were asked about the risks and ethical issues they perceived to be associated with using mobile apps for HIV prevention. Each session was digitally recorded and transcribed. Transcripts were inductively coded using Dedoose software and analyzed to identify and interpret emerging themes.

RESULTS

Although participants had a high willingness to use app-based strategies for HIV prevention efforts, they raised several ethical concerns related to their use. Prominent concerns raised by participants included privacy and confidentiality concerns, including fear of third-party access to personal health information (e.g., friends or family, government agencies), issues around personal health data storage and management, equity and equitable access, informed consent, and regulation.

CONCLUSIONS

Study findings highlighted the role of ethical concerns related to the use of app-based HIV prevention programs. Given the ever-growing nature of such technological platforms that are intermixed with a complex ethical-legal landscape, mHealth platforms must be safe and secure to minimize unintended harms, safeguard user privacy and confidentiality, and obtain public trust and uptake.

CLINICALTRIAL
The Introduction of Popular Music in Music Education Teaching in Vocational Colleges
Authors: Du Baihe
Published: November 2022

With the development of modern education cause, vocational colleges and universities in the process of completing professional knowledge teaching of music, begin to introduce some kinds of music which are popular in the modern society development into related music education teaching. The development of our country has a long history, and the accumulated cultural wealth has influenced people’s behavior and thoughts. Different types of music culture have their own strong characteristics, popular music represents the current trend of music culture development, gradually improve its status in vocational colleges.
Valoración de la cuenca Jequetepeque para proponer mecanismos de retribución por servicios ecosistémicos en Perú
Authors: Rodríguez Mauricio Diego Jesús , Castro Obeso Rocio Marianela
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: valorar los servicios de provisión de alimentos y de regulación hídrica de la cuenca del río Jequetepeque para proponer mecanismos de retribución por servicios ecosistémicos que complementen las acciones técnicas de la Plataforma de Buena Gobernanza MERESE Cuenca Jequetepeque, impulsada por el Proyecto MERESE-FIDA. Metodología: encuestas y entrevistas a los usuarios de agua potable de Chepén y Pacanguilla (retribuyentes), a los miembros de la Junta de Usuarios de Riego Jequetepeque y a grupos comunales ubicados en la cuenca alta (contribuyentes). Resultados: el valor del servicio de provisión de alimentos del valle Jequetepeque asciende a 590 612 000.00 soles; el valor del servicio hidrológico alcanza la suma de 197 000.00 soles anuales, basada en la disposición a pagar de los retribuyentes, y a la cantidad de 3 670 000.00 soles, basada en la disposición a aceptar de los contribuyentes. Valor: determinar estas cantidades es importante para la gestión de proyectos y recursos económicos. Limitaciones: la valoración requiere la confrontación de posturas entre contribuyentes y retribuyentes con el fin de establecer montos aceptables para ambos. Conclusiones: los montos de retribución que se analizaron son insuficientes para financiar la postura que tiene el mayor respaldo de los contribuyentes.
Isolation and Categorization of Plant Growth Promoting Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Halophytic Suaeda nigra at Salt Stress Area of Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Sridevi M. , Deepika D. Sandhya , Lavanya J.
Published: November 2022

In search of novel endophytic bacteria capable of producing plant growth promoting phytohormones and providing tolerance against biotic and abiotic stress to the plant, present study was carried out during 2021-22. For this, endophytic bacteria were isolated from halophytic Suaeda nigra at salt stress areas of Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh. Total of sixteen endophytic bacteria were isolated from roots and aerial parts of Suaeda nigra. Isolates were enumerated, purified and preserved for subsequent studies. All isolates were analyzed for their phenotypic, biochemical, enzymatic assay and molecular characterization was carried out by 16S rRNA molecular method. Isolates were tested for their ability in producing plant growth promoting phytohormones, siderophores, exo enzymes and ability to solubilize the phosphate molecules. Among total isolates extracted, bacteria which was labeled as “SNA7” isolated from aerial parts of Suaeda nigra showed better characters in producing catalytic enzymes like catalase, amylase, protease, phosphate solubilization ability and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. Isolate SNA7 was gram negative, motile, aerobic, rod shaped, non-spore forming, and no pigmentation which grows best at 42°C, pH 8.3 with tolerate of 8% NaCl nutrient agar. Based on phenotypic, biochemical, nucleotide homology and phylogenetic analysis isolate SNA7showed higher relationship with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes Pseudomonas spp. was characterized as an effective organism to explore its ability in various research fields. In this current study, isolate SNA7 showed higher potential in producing wide range of enzymes and bioactive secondary metabolites and was first of its kind reported and isolated from halophytic Suaeda nigra.
Fungal Biotransformation of Chlordiazepoxide and Evaluation of Type and Kinetics of Fungal Enzyme
Authors: Keerthana M. , Vidyavathi M.
Published: November 2022

To produce an active metabolite of Chlordiazepoxide by fungal biotransformation in an easy and economic way and also to develop microbial models for drug metabolism studies. Chlordiazepoxide is metabolized in the liver by CYP3A4 and forms major active metabolite N-desmethyl chlordiazepoxide. The focus of the study was to explore the ability of six distinct fungi to biotransform the drug Chlordiazepoxide to its metabolites. Induction, Inhibition and kinetic studies were also conducted to find out the type and capability of enzyme involved in fungal biotransformation. The screening studies were performed and fermentation protocol was designed with two controls (culture control and drug control) and one sample. Extract metabolite samples were reconstituted and analysed using HPLC. Induction, Inhibition studies were conducted similarly by maintaining its respective controls using CYP3A4 inducer (Carbamazepine) and inhibitor (Fluoxetine), further kinetic studies were performed to find Km and Vmax of fungal biotransformation of Chlordiazepoxide. Among six organisms Aspergillus ochreus has shown an extra peak at 6.9 min. in HPLC when compared with its controls indicated the formation of metabolite. The metabolite thus formed was identified, isolated and structure was confirmed by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy as Nor-chlordiazepoxide. During inhibition and induction studies, it was found that quantity of the metabolite was increased with inducer and decreased with inhibitor. The Km and Vmax of fungal metabolism of Chlordiazepoxide was 1.928 µg/ml and 0.1802 µg/ml/hr respectively. Aspergillus ochreus has the ability to biotransform the Chlordiazepoxide to its active metabolite by CYP3A4 like enzyme and it followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics.
Effect of Carbonyl Cyanide M-chlorophenylhydrazone on Ciprofloxacin Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Hospital-acquired Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: El-Mahdy Rasha Hassan , Mashaly Ghada El-Saeed
Published: November 2022

Antibiotic resistant and biofilm forming uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae are rising. This study was conducted to evaluate the efflux pump and plasmid mediated efflux genes in ciprofloxacin (CIP) resistant hospital acquired uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Also, to assess the anti-biofilm action of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). Uropathogenic E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from Mansoura University Hospitals in Mansoura, Egypt. The effect of Sub- minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CCCP on CIP MIC was evaluated and the MIC decrease factor (MDF) was calculated. The presence of oqxAB and qepA genes was detected by PCR. The effect CCCP on biofilm was detected in strong biofilm formers. 56 and 47 CIP-resistant uropathogenic E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates respectively were detected. Significant MDF by CCCP was observed in 55.3% of these isolates. The qepA gene was only present in E. coli. However, oqxAB genes were found only in K. pneumoniae. Biofilm formation was detected in 58.9% and 72.3% of CIP-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively. Biofilm formation was significantly decreased by CCCP. According to these findings, CIP resistance and plasmid-mediated efflux pumps in uropathogenic E. coli and K. pneumoniae are of rising concern. Efflux pump inhibitor CCCP represents a possible option to decrease the biofilm formation in these resistant urinary pathogens.
IoT Based Smart Sewage Monitoring System for Smart City
Authors: Bhutada Sudit , More Suparn , Shrivastav Tarush , Suryawanshi Chaitanya , Suryawanshi Pranav
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Sewer monitoring is an important aspect of maintaining cleanliness around us. Lack of sewage monitoring systems may lead to blockage of the drainage. These blockages in sewers may lead to sewer flooding and pollution. Sometimes, workers may meet with accidents as they might not be aware of the condition inside the manhole. This paper aims to measure and analyze the real time levels of sewage. In order to ensure safety of the workers working under some severe conditions. This project attempts to devise an IOT technology that shall detect the level of sewage in the tunnel while keeping track of flow rate of it. If the level exceeds beyond threshold, it shall send an alert through the blynk web app. Additionally provide the information about the flow through the blynk web app itself. To obtain the desired output ultrasonic sensor, flow sensor, nodemcu esp8266, Arduino Uno and blynk web app are used in the proposed model.
TÜRK MÛSİKÎSİ KÂR FORMUNA BİR BAKIŞ VE ABDÜLKÂDİR MERÂGÎ’NİN KÂRLARI
Authors: ŞENDURAN Fatma Münevver
Published: November 2022

LLâ-Dînî sözlü beste biçimlerinin en büyüğü olan Kâr Formunun ilk örneklerine XV. yüzyılda rastlanmaktadır. Birçok bestekâr tarafından tercih edilen ve günümüze kadar örnekleri ulaşan Kâr formunun bilinen ilk bestekârı Abdülkâdir Merâgî (1353-1435)’dir. Mevcut kaynaklarda Kâr formu ile ilgili farklı anlatımlar mevcuttur. Bu anlatımlarda tam bir tanım verilememekte, Kâr formunun serbest bir yapısı olduğundan bahsedilmektedir. Form bilgisi tariflerinin yer aldığı kaynaklarda bazı örnek eserler analiz edilmiş ancak kullanılan analiz yöntemlerinin yetersiz olması, formun yapısının ortaya konulmasına imkân vermemiştir. Bu nedenle araştırmada; Kâr formunun biçim açısından ele alınması gerekliliği ortaya çıkmış ve Abdülkâdir Merâgî’ye atfedilen ilk örnekler temel alınarak, Türk Mûsikîsinde klasik üslûbun son temsilcisi kabul edilen Zekâî Dede’ye kadar geçen dönemdeki Kârlar, biçim yönünden incelenmiştir. Bu dönemler arasında günümüze intikal etmiş toplam 36 Kâr’a ulaşılmış, betimsel araştırma yöntemi ile bu Kârların yüzyıllara ve bestekârlara göre yapısal olarak değişimleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada sözlü bir form olması sebebiyle Kârlar, güftenin temel alındığı bir biçim analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiş, hâneler şeklinde bölümlere ayrılan eserlerin mısra sayıları ve terennümlerin kullanımları göz önünde bulundurularak biçim şemaları hazırlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara dayalı olarak, kaynaklarda bahsedilenlerin aksine, mısra sayılarına göre Kârların genel bir besteleniş biçimi olduğu tespit edilmiş ve terennüm kullanımlarının da bu temel biçimle ilişkisi olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.
Optimization of Quinoa and Soy Milk for Steamed Pumpkin Cake Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Akesowan Adisak , Jariyawaranugoon Usamas
Published: November 2022

This present study aimed to enhance nutrients and reduce fat content in steamed pumpkin cakes. Two independent variables, including quinoa (30−80% w/w by pumpkin weight) and soymilk (15−60% w/w by coconut milk weight), were studied using response surface methodology. The statistical results showed that the quinoa inclusion had significant linear and quadratic effects (p<0.05). The soymilk showed a negligible effect, and there was no interaction effect between the two variables. Increasing quinoa has decreased all sensory scores of the samples, mainly when replacing pumpkin flesh with more than 50% quinoa inclusion. The pumpkin cake with 30% quinoa and 46% soymilk was the optimal formulation with a 0.936 desirability value. The optimal sample lowered all sensory attributes than the regular sample, particularly the appropriate qualities, such as unpleasant flavor and softer texture. About 54 percent of the consumers were willing to buy the product. The product is healthy with a 14.6% protein increment and 27% fat reduction.
Analysis on The Mental Workload of Female Lecturers During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yuliani Euis Nina Saparina , Suhartini Sri , Riany Daisy Ade , Norita Defi , Hernadewita Hernadewita , Pahiba Emi
Published: November 2022

The coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic continues to create significant effect than initially predicted. In addition, the virus spread showed rapid increment, since March 2020, leading to several impacts on human lives, e.g., education. Furthermore, various government policies, including social distance greatly influences teaching and learning activities, both in high schools and universities. As a consequence, conventional face-to-face learning model was temporarily suspended. This implies the need to engage online education. Prior to the outbreak, the mental workload of lecturers was relatively intense, comprising the three basic pillars of higher education (Tridharma), termed education, research and community service, as well as other additional tasks, including final year project supervisions and hold structural position. During the pandemic, mental workload considerably increased considerably as most lecturers, particularly the females also served as home teachers. Therefore the purpose of this research is to analyze the mental workload of female lecturers during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Questionaire is used to measure mental workload taken from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task-Load Index (NASA-TLX). Furthermore, the survey is applied to evaluate job demands. The results showed that teaching, research and housewive role influence the mental workload as an aspect with the maximum score. In comparison, a maximum score of 29% on the mental demand aspect generates a physical demand aspect of 27%.