bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of fungicidity of disinfectants according to the radial growth rate of test cultures on solid nutrients
Authors: Strokova V V , Nelyubova V V , Rykunova M D
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the results of the study of the effectiveness of the effect of some disinfectants on mold mushrooms-destructors of building materials, previously found on the surface of walls and floors of livestock complexes and farms, namely: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Cladosporium sp., Mucor spp. Different sensitivity of these micromycetes to the disinfectant used has been established, as both drugs have a fungicidal effect on all used test cultures in concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2%.
The influence of nabicat on the chemical composition of carp meat
Authors: Makarova G P , Lykasova I A , Mukhamedyarova Z P , Mizhevikina A S
Published: November 2019

Scaly carp was kept in the cages of Troitsk Fishery Factory in Bobrovka, Troitsk District, Chelyabinsk Region. From May to November 2017, Nabicat was added to the diet of carps at a dose of 2 kg per ton. Nabicat is a complex substance containing calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and other 47 macro-microelements, as well as chelated silicon.
The effect of different concentrations of nanometals (Fe and Cu) on the activity of antioxidant protection of Solánum tuberósum L
Authors: Aminova E V , Mushinskiy A A
Published: November 2019

At present, rapid development of nanotechnology requires assessment of their effects on plants, interaction with plant cells and concentration dependence. The degree of toxicity of nanocompounds affecting plants depends on physical properties of nanoparticles (dimension, shape, catalytic activity, concentration). The research objects were Tarasov potato tubers treated in Fe° (90-110 Nm) and Cu° (50-110 Nm) NPs at four concentrations with a geometric progression (0,0125; 0,025; 0.05 and 0.1 M). The aim of the research is to study the effect of iron and copper metals on the activity of Solánumtuberósum L. antioxidant protection of plants. The Fe0 NPs caused oxidative stress and decreased the content of MD (1.3 - 26.7%) and phenolic compounds with a simultaneous increase in peroxidase. After exposure to Cu0 nanoparticles, there was a redox imbalance in the roots and sprouts which manifested itself as a decrease in CAT (7.4-36.7%) and FS (19.1 - 34.0%) activity with a sharp increase in the content of MD and an increase in peroxidase activity.
Study of effects of metallic nanoparticles when introduced into soil on plant Triticum vulgare
Authors: Gavrish I A , Lebedev S V , Galaktionova L V , Zorov A A
Published: November 2019

We studied the effect of metal nanoparticles (Fe, Mo and SiO2, and also Fe and Mo together) at concentration of 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg dry weight of soil on the morphological and biochemical parameters of soft wheat. (Triticum vulgare Vill). We found that morphometric parameters of test samples were generally superior to control samples. In course of assessing the viability of plant cells, we recorded that experimental groups had viability values of at least 90%. Thus, it allowed us to conclude that the concentrations of nanoparticles used by us did not have a toxic effect on the viability of the roots. When evaluating the enzymatic antioxidant system of plants and the degree of lipid peroxidation, we noted the absence of oxidative stress, while increasing the protective potential of plants. Thus, our studies are the basis for studying the possibility of using nanoparticles in agriculture for intensifying plant growth and increasing their yield.
Effect of metallic nanoparticles on exchange of chemical elements in broiler chickens
Authors: Gubajdullina I Z , Gavrish I A , Lebedev S V
Published: November 2019

We studied the effect of chromium (III) oxide nanoparticles of various dosages on the elemental status of the organism. Experimental studies were conducted using 150 heads of broiler chickens "Arbor Aykres". The control groups of birds received the main ration, and the experimental groups received chromium (III) oxide nanoparticles in doses of 50; 100; 200 and 400 μg/kg feed. It was noted that with the introduction of chromium (III) oxide nanoparticles into the diet, an increase in the content of Ca, Zn, Cr, Co in dosages of 100-200 μg/kg occurs. The introduction of chromium nanoparticles into the diet of broiler chickens in dosages of 100–200 μg/kg stimulates exchange of chemical elements, increases Co, Cr, Ca, Zn and depresses Cd, Pb exchange. Depending on the concentration of chromium nanoparticles in the diet, the most active phase is the range of 100–200 μg/kg, at which the active metabolism of the main chemical elements occurs.
Green synthesis of zinc based nanoparticles zinc ferrite by Petroselinum crispum
Authors: Korotkova A M , Polivanova O B , Gavrish I A , Baranova E N , Lebedev S V
Published: November 2019

Zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZnFe2O4) are being increasingly investigated due to their wide biological application. In this study, zinc ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by green method using Petroselinum crispum. The synthesized magnetic nanoparticles were characterized using SEM technique. The biological activity of the preparations produced was studied on a test plant of wheat Triticum vulgare L. Wheat plants were grown in hydroponic medium with the addition of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles in concentrations ranging from 10−5 to 10−1 M. On the third day, the germination rate of wheat seeds was calculated. The results showed that powders of acidic nature (pH=2) significantly reduced seed germination relative to the intact samples at concentrations of 10−3 and 10−4 M (by 100 and 47% relative to the control, respectively). ZnFe2O4 synthesized in alkaline medium reduced the germination rate to a lesser extent, and at similar concentrations – to 7.3 and 22.8%. Moreover, at the minimal concentration of 10−5 M, there was a slight increase in germination up to 19.3%. Cell viability of seedling roots was evaluated by transformation of the water-soluble tetrazolium salt to formazan (WST-test). Higher cell viability was observed after exposure to zinc ferrite produced in alkaline medium as compared to preparations produced in acidic medium. Particles synthesized in acidic medium at the concentration ranging from 10−1 to 10−5 M decreased cell viability to 77% relative to the control samples, and the preparation produced in alkaline medium under similar conditions reduced the rate only at maximum concentrations of 10−1 and 10−2 M to 53%. In the case of treatment of 10−5 M ZnFe2O4 of alkaline nature, cell viability was observed to grow up to 23% relative to the control samples.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of highly dispersed metal powders (Ca, Cu, Zn, Fe) used to increase digestibility and bioavailability of feed substrates
Authors: Kurilkina M Ya , Zavyalov O A , Kholodilina T N , Muslyumova D M , Vanshin V V
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the results of research on feed additives based on wheat bran including highly dispersed metal powders (Ca, Cu, Zn and Fe) in various combinations subjected to extrusion processing. Physical properties (porosity) of the experimental feed substrates were assessed by the method of determining the porosity of acetone in accordance with GOST 6217. To determine feed digestibility and bioavailability of elements in vitro, an “artificial rumen” was used. The elemental composition of feed samples was studied by atomic emission spectrometry with an inductively coupled plasma (AES-ICP). Finely dispersed powder of Ca (up to 10 μm), Cu, Zn, Fe (9-10 μm) was studied. Digestibility of dry matter of feed substrates was dependent on their porosity. Extrusion of bran products increased dry matter digestibility by 6.8%, and addition of fine powder increased it by 14% (P≤0.05) in vitro conditions. An increase in bioavailability of minerals after extrusion of Cu, Zn and Fe by 19.3, 6.3 and 23.1% (P≤0.05), and after addition of highly dispersed metals by 2.98 (P≤0.05), 21.6 and 7.3% ( P≤0.05) was identified
The effect of nanoparticles of iron, copper and molybdenum on the morphometric parameters of plants Solanum tuberosum L
Authors: Mushinskiy A A , Aminova E V
Published: November 2019

Over the past decade, nanotechnology has led to the need for rigorous research on ultrafine nanomaterials, which increase productivity and quality of agricultural products. However, most studies are extremely controversial regarding the effect of nanomaterials on the seed germination rate, the growth of the roots and the aerial parts of plants, or it is difficult to compare both in doses and dimensions of nanoparticles, and in types of plants. In the experiment, nanoparticles of Fe (90-110 nm), Cu (50-110 nm) and Mo (100-120 nm) in 4 concentrations with a geometric progression were used. Germination energy and germination were determined according to GOST 12038-84, the content of photosynthetic pigments according to the method of N. D. Smashevsky (2011), phytotoxicity according to the method of Kazeev K. (2003). Thus, the data obtained indicate that the treatment of Solánum tuberósum L. tubers with iron nanoparticles stimulated the growth of sprout length (55.1% and 21.4%), roots (34.4% and 12.5%) and the content of chlorophyll a (57 - 98%) relative to the control at a concentration of 0.0125 … 0.025 M. At the same time, the nanoparticles of copper and molybdenum by the significance of their effects on plants turned out to be ineffective.
Comparative evaluation of the effect of the Quercus cortex extract and biologically active substances of plant origin on health and scar digestion
Authors: Atlanderova K N , Makaeva A M , Sizova E A
Published: November 2019

The paper studies effects of the Quercus corte x water extract (group II) and synthesized biologically active substances of the Quercus cortex extract (group III) on the dry matter digestibility, hematological parameters and the elemental composition of the scar fluid. It was identified that additives have a dose-dependent effect on the dry matter digestibility. They improve digestibility by 12.46% (P≤0.001) (group II) and 17.68% (group III). Among the hematological parameters, the number of lymphocytes increased by 34.07% (group II) and by 44.74% (group III); the hemoglobin concentration increased by 5.11% (group III). The serum iron decreased by 23.26% (P≤0.05) (group II) increased by 7.29% (group III). Experimental additives infleunce the microelement composition of the ruminal fluid reducing the concentration of Fe, CoCr, Ni and increasing the concentration of Mn, Cu, Zn values. The results obtained require further research.
Cattle’ microbiocoenosis of rumen while various feed ultrafine particles release
Authors: Makaeva A M , Aleshina E S , Sizova E A , Atlanderova K N
Published: November 2019

Changes in the cattle’ microbiocenosis of the rumen directly impacted the animals’ productivity. And the main role here is played by the feeding type, the animal’s diet, with a predominance of certain components in different periods of cows housing, which create the necessary conditions for the existence and activity of symbiotic microflora, as well as the development of associated pathologies. Earlier detection of these errors will help to avoid many abnormalities of metabolic processes in the body and prevent the decline in the animals’ productive qualities. That is why it is relevant to study the effect of ultrafine particles on the composition of cattle’ microbiota of rumen. In this article, we analyzed the cattle’ bacterial microbiocenosis in response to the introduction of ultrafine particles (FeCo and silicon oxide SiO2 alloy) into their diet. It is revealed that these ultrafine particles do not have a significant qualitative change in cattle’ microflora of the rumen, but shift the bacterial communities balance towards those microorganisms that improve the food digestibility, which allows them to be recommended as food additives to improve the farm animals productivity.
Beef production reserves
Authors: Gogaev O K , Kebekov M E , Kairov V R , Demurova A R , Dzeranova A V , Bestaeva R D , Kussova V. A
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this work is to prove and develop the principal methods of increasing beef production on the basis of application of pasturing technology with subsequent intensive feeding of different breeds of bulls for two months and to calculate the relative economic efficiency of both cycles of summer keeping of the young cattle on the mountain pastures and in the conditions of the complex. During the whole time of grazing the bulls had an access to the water source. As well, they were given feeding concentrates in bad weather, when the animals grazed badly and did not eat till full. Salt in wooden feeders constantly lay in the cattle camp. The cattle received chalk together with the salt. Upon returning from the mountain pastures, those bulls of both breeds which were not intended for intensive feeding have been implemented at the meat in the amount of 40 heads and their average live weight was: the Kalmyk – 416 kg; brown Swiss Breed – 401 kg. The bulls in the amount of 42 heads that might not be sold for slaughtering were put on intensive feeding for two months in the conditions of the complex. It is established that the use of mountain-pasture keeping of young cattle is a very effective activity in cattle breeding. Carrying out the final intensive feeding in a complex or a farm for 2 months after not intensive feeding on mountain pastures is an economically - effective measure.
Factors for increasing the survival rate of catfish fertilized eggs and larvae
Authors: Romanova E M , Mukhitova M E , Romanov V V , Lyubomirova V N , Spirina E V
Published: November 2019

The improvement of the quality of eggs, decrease of developmental anomalies, increase of progeny survival rate are urgent problems of industrial fish breeding. We used biologically active agents – vitamins and adaptogens to solve the above problems. Adaptogen trekrezan (ethanolammonium salt of 2-methylphenoxyacetic acid) – a synthetic analog of ginseng – was applied in fish breeding. It does not demonstrate any gonadotoxic, embryotoxic, mutagenic, teratogenic, carcinogenic and allergenic action and is not accumulated in the organism. The agent has high immunotropic activity, stimulates cellular and humoral immune response, phagocytosis, demonstrates interferon inducer activity. We also used vitamin B1 – thiamine. The need for it is the highest in early ontogenesis. It is required for normal functioning of nervous, digestive and cardiovascular systems, hematopoietic system and is considered essential. The study of the influence of thiamine and trekrezan on egg fertilization rate showed that under the influence of these biologically active agents both individually and in a complex the fertilization increased by at least 14%. The study of the influence of thiamine and adaptogen on larvae hatching showed that they can increase the hatching by more than 20%. The study of the influence of thiamine and trekrezan on the level of developmental anomalies of African sharptooth catfish larvae showed that both components reduce this indicator. With the use of thiamine and trekrezan the level of developmental anomalies decreased in all groups by more than 10%. The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant No. 18-016-000127.
Control of airborne infections of wheat
Authors: Kekalo A Yu , Zargaryan N Yu , Filippov A S , Nemchenko V V
Published: November 2019

Leaf-stem infections damage the wheat crop. Puccinia recondite and Blumeria graminis are especially harmful. There were outbreaks of septoriosis and pyrenophoresis (Stagonosopra nodorum, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) and linear rust (Puccinia graminis). The lack of spring wheat crops and deterioration in the grain quality caused by epiphytoties is 25-50%. An effective method for controlling aerogenic infections is the use of fungicides. Studies on the effectiveness and feasibility of fungicidal protection of wheat against pathogens were carried out in Kurgan region. It is economically feasible to use Bacillus subtilis-based substances to prevent wheat infections. In case of a moderate wheat damage, it is recommended to use tank mixes (1/2 of systemic fungicide + hay-bacillus-based biofungicide). In case of mass development of leaf-stem infections, it is necessary to protect the crops using systemic fungicides if there is primary infection of a lower tier of leaves and weather conditions are favorable for pathogens. The use of fungicides preserved more than 30% of the wheat crops and improved the quality of grain. Profitability of chemical protection options increassed by 20-26 %.
Use of biological fertilizers in white mustard crops in the non-Chernozem zone of Russia
Authors: Vinogradov D V , Naumtseva K V , Lupova E I
Published: November 2019

This article presents statistical parameters for the cultivation of oilseeds in Russia. Ryazan region is not among the regions that are traditional producers of vegetable oil, but recently oilseed production has been actively developing in the region. Gradually developing and processing oilseeds. In 2018, the area under oilseeds in Ryazan region was 121.1 thousand hectares (+ 25.7 thousand hectares by 2017). The prospects for the use of mustard in the region are noted. Currently, the production of mustard grain in Ryazan region has decreased from 18.6 to 13.1 thousand hectares, which indicates an underestimation of the significance of this crop. The study of multicomponent liquid fertilizers in the field confirmed their beneficial effect on the growth and development of white mustard. Foliar dressing according to the vegetation phases contributed to better preservation of plants, due to this, and obtaining the greatest yield of white mustard seed. The maximum number of seeds was obtained on variety Lucius - 13.9 dt/ha, with the effect of Azotovit + Phosphatovit + RauAktiv - 16.5 dt/ha. The effective action of Galleon herbicide on such weed families as Asteraceae, Labiatae, Solanaceae, some species of Polygonaceae and Chenopodiaceae was observed.
Sunflower oilseedmarket in Volgograd region
Authors: Belikina A V , Ob’edkova L V , Opeykina T V
Published: November 2019

The article presents an analysis of the situation of oilseed sunflower production and the market of oil seeds in the Volgograd region, its position in the Southern Federal District. The supply and demand for oilseeds and vegetable oils, their price elasticity, causes of low elasticity are analyzed. The competitiveness of oilseeds on the domestic and foreign markets has been determined using the OECD methodology, the mechanisms of interaction of actors operating on the market of butter materials, channels for the implementation of butter materials, the causes of destabilization of the mechanisms of their interaction, the reasons for entering the markets of substitutes, their usefulness as a food product for public health.
Government support for agriculture and evaluation of its effectiveness at the macro and micro level
Authors: Larionova N P
Published: November 2019

State support for agriculture is an important element in the regulation of the agroindustrial complex. The necessity for state support for agriculture arises from the characteristics of agricultural production that reinforce the non-competitiveness of the industry. The economic efficiency of agricultural production, the pace of its development, the level of food security, and the state of rural areas will depend on the efficiency of its use. Over the past decades, increased competition has been observed virtually throughout the world. One of the most important, in our opinion, factors affecting the competitiveness of agricultural products is the state policy in the field of regulation and support of agricultural producers. The paper studies the state support of agricultural production in Russia and the Tyumen region, analyzes the state support and evaluates the effectiveness of state aid at the macro and micro levels. The research methodology includes two parts. The first one studies the forms, types, methods and volumes of state support for agriculture. Due to a number of reasons, the mechanism of state support is undergoing continuous reform. The stages of the reform and the impact of changes on agriculture are considered. The second part is aimed at studying the existing methods for assessing the effectiveness of the use of budgetary funds at the regional level. The requirement of efficient use of budgetary funds is established by the Budget Code of the Russian Federation. The paper proposes to consider the control of the effectiveness of state support in two aspects: as the effectiveness of measures and as the effectiveness of the use of state support funds. The article summarizes the existing methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the use of budgetary funds. On the example of the materials of agricultural organizations of the Tyumen region the work assesses the effectiveness of using direct budget support, and formulates ways to improve state aid to the agricultural sector of the economy. The obtained results are the basis for making management decisions in the agro-industrial complex of the Tyumen region.
Investment development of agroindustrial complex based on the demands of environmental safety
Authors: Bichyova E E , Sotnikova L N , Maslova I N
Published: November 2019

The article proves the need to develop innovative approaches to the economic relations organization related to investment, as the requirements of environmental safety change. The authors conducted the research of the agroindustrial complex development in Russia, taking into account environmental requirements. The dynamics and structure of investments in fixed capital for environmental protection and rational use of natural resources are analysed. Special attention is devoted to the state financing of investment projects aimed at ensuring environmental safety in agroindustrial complex of Russia. Measures to take into account environmental requirements in the development of investment projects by agricultural enterprises of Russia are proposed.
Analysis of methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the quality management system (QMS)
Authors: Valdokhina S I
Published: November 2019

The article substantiates the relevance of the issue of assessing the effectiveness of QMS processes. The systematization of the main methodological approaches to the assessment of the effectiveness of the relevant processes is carried out. The characteristic of their essence is given, the main advantages and shortcomings with justification of prospects of each of them are defined. A method of assessing the effectiveness of QMS processes in poultry farming is proposed, the stages of its implementation are given and its main provisions are illustrated in the form of an integrated process model with comments on the construction of its assessment and adaptation at a particular enterprise, the results of which justify the validity of the proposed method.
Formation of the xenobiotic profile in anthropogenic systems
Authors: Gorin V V , Sokolova T A , Khvatysh N V
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the issue of formation of the xenobiotic profile of a biogeocenosis as a combination of foreign substances in the environment in a form that allows them to enter into chemical and physicochemical interactions with biological objects of the ecosystem. At the initial stage, patterns of distribution of xenobiotics in various natural environments (water, soil, air, and living organisms) and their subsequent effects on the biogeocenosis were determined.
Expedition of Ivan Isleniev to Yakutsk and a handwritten map of the Lena River compiled in the mid-XVIII century
Authors: Romanova O S , Lazebnik O A
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the course and results of the astronomical expedition headed by I.I. Islenyev. Using archival materials, an attempt to localize the Astronomical Observatory built in Yakutsk in 1768 was made. New information on the handwritten map of the Lena River compiled in the mid-XVIII century was provided. Analysis of the toponymic map load was carried out and assumptions about its application for compiling generalized maps of Yakutia at the end of the XVIII century were made.
The surrounding environment monitoring in the Soviet Union: a review of establishing new “ecological” science
Authors: Sobisevich A V , Snytko V A , Postnikov A V
Published: November 2019

The programs of surrounding environment monitoring were presented in 1972 at UN Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm. When the Soviet Union had adopted a resolution of the conference, it became obligatory to establish biosphere reserves and provide environmental monitoring. The ideas of such monitoring in the Soviet Union were promoted by two scientists - Innokentiy Gerasimov and Yuri Israel.
The Information System “History of Geology and Mining” as a scientific tool for historians of Earth sciences
Authors: Vtorov I P
Published: November 2019

The Information System “History of Geology and Mining” is described in this paper. It briefly presents the theory of scientific information in modern IT and the study of history of geology in Russia. The collected scientific information about geoscientists are developed and published at first in online history of the Science information system. The Internet system is the most convenient and useful way to use and develop scientific biographies, bibliographies, photos and other information for research, education and international cooperation in history of sciences.
The Central Asian orography studies by G.E. Grumm-Grzhimailo’s expedition, 1889–1890
Authors: Yusupova T I
Published: November 2019

The paper deals with the history of the Grigorii Grumm-Grzhimailo’s Central Asian expedition, 1889–1890, and its main results in orography. The tasks of the expedition included an exploration of West and Central part of Inner (Central) Asia and the gathering of the naturalistic collections. The expedition was organized by the Russian Geographical Society. Grigorii Grumm-Grzhimailo used Przhevalskii’s reconnaissance methods to explore the uncharted lands. At the same time, he conducted geographical investigations, including orographic ones. This expedition covered a vast territory and made two major geographical discoveries of the Turfan depression and the Beyshan Mountains, the latter providing an orographic link between the Eastern Tian Shan and the middle Kuen Lun.
Electrochemical treatment of waste water from nickel in galvanic production
Authors: Bykovsky N A , Kantor E A , Rahman P A , Puchkova L N , Fanakova N N
Published: November 2019

In the production of metal coating by electroplating, wastewater containing the metal ions is used. The paper presents the study results of cleaning waste water of nickel after electroplating. Wastewater treatment was implemented in an electrodialysis plant. The initial wastewater contained from 20 to 80 mg/l of nickel II. Experimental results obtained by studying the electrodialysis extraction of nickel from wastewater of electroplating plants, indicate that the cleaning process is influenced by such factors as the effluent treatment time, the current load on the electrodialyzer, the initial metal concentration in the effluent. The increase in voltage in the electrodialysis plant leads to an increase in the treatment efficiency. So after six hours of processing, the processing rate during nickel extraction increases from 39 to 66.5% with an increase in voltage from 40 to 100V. Along with cleaning wastewater of nickel electrolyte, the electrodialysis method allows obtaining concentrates of this electrolyte containing from 260 to 1230 mg/dm3 of nickel and suitable for use in the electroplating process.
Efficiency of field-protective forest plantations in the first agro-climatic zone of the Stavropol territory of the Russian Federation
Authors: Klyushin P V , Khlystun V N , Loshakov A V , Savinova S V , Ivanova T A
Published: November 2019

This paper presents studies on the state of agricultural land in the first agro-climatic Stavropol territory, and on the basis of this forest reclamation measures for effective and rational use have been developed. The specialization of agriculture is sheep breeding and cultivation of winter wheat and winter and spring barley. For this agro-climatic zone, only one type of crop rotation is suitable – grain-steam. In the structure of acreage, pure steam reaches 40%, which has a very negative impact on the quality of arable land. Protective forest stands play an important role in protecting agricultural land from the negative effects of water and wind erosion. At present, the total area of protective plantations on the lands of the I agro-climatic zone is 22730 hectares or 1.81% of the area of agricultural land, at least 2.5% is necessary.
Conservation agriculture: new crop production technologies
Authors: Larina G E , Seraya L G , Ivanova I O , Kalembet I N , Poddymkina L M
Published: November 2019

Among the arguments in favor of new crop production technologies are the need for improvement of regional ecology and biodiversity, and high-quality biological products. Methods for reducing crop losses caused by air and soil droughts in the central and southern regions of Russia were analyzed. Field observations (2010-2016) were carried out using a crop rotation scheme of experimental fields with a wide range of crop varieties: wheat, barley, corn, sunflower, peas, chickpeas, alfalfa, and flax. The purpose of the article is to assess regional characteristics of effective soil fertility using different resource-saving technologies. Biological productivity (regional, local) was used as an integral indicator of effectiveness of agricultural technologies and crop yields. High effective fertility was observed when using a zero agrotechnology in Volgograd region and minimum tillage method in Stavropol region. The need for the control of soil fungistasis as a basis of biological activity of the soil and long-term improvement of effective fertility of the arable land was emphasized.
Ecological organization of the territory
Authors: Novikov D V , Novikov A V
Published: November 2019

The article describes the reasons for deterioration of agricultural lands which affects the environmental management system violating the landscape and biosphere compatibility. It is necessary to implement the ecological-landscape organization of the territory at various levels of development. The nature of the ecological landscape organization of the territory was described. Sustainable agro-landscape systems should be formed while designing land categories. Territories of the agricultural land should be formed taking into account zonal features of landscapes. The article provides land management recommendations on the ecological-landscape basis. Its advantages in comparison with traditional methods were revealed.
Dependence of health conditions of population on the level of environment pollution
Authors: Stepanova L P , Pisareva A V , Nechushkin Yu V , Myshkin A I
Published: November 2019

This article presents a comprehensive assessment of the ecological condition of landscapes of the Orel region. Factors affecting the state of contaminated territories, in turn, affect human health. The effect of industrial waste and motor vehicle emissions on the geochemical features and environmental sustainability of soil, plants, surface water and the atmosphere in the study area is shown. The dependence of the level of exposure to toxicants on the health of the population of the Oryol region is established. Based on the assessment of the parameters of ecosystem pollution, we identified areas of ecological disadvantage in the Oryol region. It is shown that human activities and anthropogenic impact on the environment lead to loss of properties, providing a normal life and safety of human health. The degree of influence of soil degradation factors on the biogeochemical characteristics of the landscapes of the Oryol region is shown. The influence of anthropogenic factors on the concentration and form of chemical compounds of ecosystem components in the studied territories is established. The anthropogenic influence of sources of soil pollution by heavy metals and radionuclides is proved. Special zones of environmental catastrophe in the Oryol region, where the anthropogenic impact leads to a violation of human health safety, have been identified.
Heavy metals in the soil of Kalmykia arid territories
Authors: Sangadzhieva L H , Davaeva Ts D , Tsombueva B V , Sangadzhieva O S , Esenamanova M S
Published: November 2019

In the composition of soils of the Republic of Kalmykia a large diversity of the gross content of heavy metals was found, which is explained by different genesis of top sediments and the leading role of fine particles in them. Several natural soil and geochemical provinces as well as technologically polluted territories were identified where an imbalance of chemical elements in food chains is observed. It shows promising use of the relationship between the gross amount of individual metals to study the genesis of soil-forming rocks and soils.The limits of the content of 23 elements were revealed, of which 5 elements are absent in the soil of the Republic of Kalmykiaor are within the sensitivity of the instruments. In the south of the Republic of Kalmykiaa soil and geochemical province with a high total As content was found. Its core is located in the southeastern part of the Black Lands. The arsenic content here ranges from 15 to 35 mg/kg. The province is polluted with oil. Besides, there is a uranium and phosphorite region, where, along with the phosphorus the arsenic was concentrated. The arsenic-rich rock destruction products were transferred to the neighboring plain and were part of sediments. However, toxicosis associated with a high content of arsenic was not observed in the described area, since soil As is immobile and its supply to food chains is limited. This can be judged by the number of elements in plant products: it remains environmentally friendly.
Environmental requirements in land management of land use facilities
Authors: Varlamov A , Gvozdeva O , Zhdanova R
Published: November 2019

The authors of the article studied the role of arranging the territory on an ecological and landscape basis as a set of measures aimed at the use of a certain territory (part) of a land use facility to meet the needs of population and production based on the use of landscape and environmental research and design methods. Based on the example of Kantemirovsky district of the Voronezh Region the system of the ecological framework development of the territory of the region as an integral part of ecological and landscape arrangement of the territory of the region is shown. The work presents the beam-field agricultural landscape “Vysochanovsky” with the introduction of the ecological and landscape system in the agricultural enterprise Druzhba of Kantemirovsky district of the Voronezh Region. The work is based on the study of domestic scientists among which are V.V. Dokuchaeva, D.V. Novikova, A.A. Varlamova, M.I. Lopyreva, A.G. Bogdanov.
Zoning as a tool of land management
Authors: Komarov S I , Antropov D V , Varlamov A A , Galchenko S A , Zhdanova R V
Published: November 2019

The article describes the zoning of Russia as part of strategic planning. The draft project “Spatial Development Strategy” developed by the Ministry of Economic Development is analyzed. The composition of the zones of this project is compared with authors’ zoning results based on land and property development indicators and influencing factors. The conclusion about poor accounting of land resources and land relations in strategic planning was drawn.
Typification of coastal transboundary areas in the context of sustainable land use in the Far Eastern Federal District
Authors: Murasheva A.A. , Lepekhin P P , Chepurin E M , Ananicheva E P
Published: November 2019

The article presents a number of proposals on the typification of the transboundary territories of the Far East of Russia, based on the peculiarities of geographic location and access to natural borders. A specialized designation of such regions has been proposed and a number of indicators have been developed that allow a comprehensive assessment of the ecological status of transboundary territories.
Analysis of the water bodies zones influence on the cadastral value of garden and horticultural land plots
Authors: Bykowa E N , Bogolyubova A A , Simonova D D
Published: November 2019

The paper proposes new methodological provisions for determining the cadastral value of garden and horticultural lands with water bodies zones. A method was developed for calculating the cadastral value differentiation coefficient, which takes into account the presence of a water protection zone on the land plot. A hypothesis was formulated about the influence of water bodies zones on the cadastral value of these lands and it was confirmed for the water protection zone. The analysis of statistical data was made, which was the basis for selecting analogous objects for calculations. Two stages of the cadastral value modeling were carried out, the results were compared to obtain the desired coefficient. The analysis of the obtained models quality confirmed the validity and adequacy of the cadastral value model.
Application of index of general toxic effects of biologically available polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as leading indicator in assessing the quality of industrial-urbanized territories
Authors: Vershinin V V , Nartov A S
Published: November 2019

The authors consider the important issue relating to the assessment towards the terrotory exposed to some toxic effects of man-made polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). As the main criterion applied in referring a territory to a particular level, it is proposed to use indices of the total toxic effects of bioavailable PAHs. Depending on the values of these indicators, we point out seven levels and propose for each one some evidence-based recommendations on the most rational use of industrialized urban territories.
Calculation of Cementation Exponent and Multiplier Using P-Wave Velocity and Porosity for Sandstone Reservoirs
Authors: El Sayed Abdel Moktader A. , El Sayed Nahla A.
Published: November 2019

The formation resistivity factor is important as reservoir property because it is required to calculate volume of hydrocarbon in reservoir rocks. It depends on Winsauer’s multiplier (a) which is a function of fluid tortuosity and cementation exponent (m). Cementation exponent is a major source of uncertainty in the calculation of hydrocarbon saturation for a given reservoir condition. A small error in the cementation exponent and/or multiplier could give a huge error in the formation factor and have serious consequences. The empirical relationships between reservoir parameters such as P-wave velocity and formation factor depend on local conditions such as environment of deposition, rock type, mineralogy, and diagenesis. For promoting hydrocarbon reservoir development; numerous petrophysical parameters are required. Some of them are measured but the others are sometimes assumed such as cementation exponent (m) and the multiplier (a) of Archie’s general equation. The present work offers some empirical models and charts to be used for resolving the cementation exponent and the Winsauer’s multiplier. Thirty-nine core samples obtained from the Upper Cretaceous reservoir zones; Gebel Nazzazat, Western central Sinai (Raha, Wata and Matulla formations) were laboratory analyzed for porosity, density, electrical resistivity, and ultrasonic wave velocity. They are composed mainly of clean sandstone, with some limestone and dolomitic limestone. This paper introduces seven innovative charts to estimate formation factor parameters using electrical quality index concept (EQI). They are classified according to the value of multiplier (a = 0.5 – 4.0) which is a function of electric tortuosity. The first chart estimates the multiplier (a) from P-wave velocity. The other six charts estimate the cementation exponent (from m = 1.0 up to 3.0) using fractional porosity and P-wave velocity at the previously determined multiplier (a). The present charts are based on a reliable empirical relationship (R2 = 0.82) connecting elastic-electrical parameters as formation resistivity factor and P-wave velocity. The model reliability verification is accomplished using 82 laboratory measurements of porosity and P-wave velocity for sandstone core samples from the Bahariya Formation side by side with 51 empirical estimated multiplier and cementation exponent for different lithofacies (sandstones and carbonates) and obtained from several geographic locations.
Establishing a Model to Reduce the Risk of Premature Mine Closure
Authors: Pouresmaieli Mahdi , Osanloo Morteza
Published: November 2019

Premature mine closure causes serious economic losses to mining projects. Premature mine closure occurs due to numerous factors, including economic, environmental, and social conditions. In order to reduce the adverse effects of premature mine closure, it would be of great help to use the risk management techniques. The present study aims to propose a model through which the risks having roots in mine closure are calculated and the safety factor for investments in the mining industry is measured. Using statistical analysis and the multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDM) methods, the risk matrix and its components, including the probability and intensity of risks, are identified and the risk factor is calculated. In the proposed model, the types of minerals (the K index) and the types of ores (the O index) are added to the risk matrix and the risk of mine closure is computed for all types of minerals and ores. Moreover, the risk factor for all types of minerals is computed. To verify the validity of the model, 2400 premature mine closures in Iran (until the 1st of August, 2017) were investigated. The risks of mine closure for each group of minerals and for each type of minerals in their corresponding group were determined. It was found that the risk factor of premature mine closure for the Iranian building stone mines and the safety factor of investment were 1.52% and 0.9848, respectively. The findings show that equipment efficiency, lack of technology, high royalties, decreased pricing, loss of market, and high mining and processing costs are among the main reasons for premature mine closure in Iran.
Hydrogeological Conceptual Modelling of Geothermal Waters of Ivrindi-Ilica-Gumeli (Balikesir), Turkey
Authors: Özgür Nevzat , Kermen Enver
Published: November 2019

In the area of Ivrindi, the Çaldağ limestones in Permian age form the basement which is overlain by metamorphic rocks of Lower Triassic age in which there are intercalations of marbles. The Kinik formation of Lower Triassic age overlies metamorphic rocks, consist of conglomerates, sandstones, siltstones, limestones and volcanic rocks. Yürekli formation in Upper Miocene to Pliocene age overlies the last rock sequence and consists of dacitic to rhyodacitic volcanics. Soma formation in the same age age consists of sedimentary rocks with intercalations of further sedimentary rocks. Geothermal waters in the area of Ivrindi display Na-Ca-HCO3 type. In comparison, groundwaters in the area can be classified as Ca-Mg-HCO3 type. Geothermal waters show cation abundances of Na+K>Ca>Mg and anion abundances of SO4>HCO3>Cl in the area of Ivrindi. In the Plot of Na1/100-K1/100-√Mg1/2, geothermal waters in the area represent immature waters.
The Aquifer Recharge Potential by Infiltration Tests in Arid Region, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Murad Ahmed , Hussein Saber , Arman Hasan , Gabr Amir , Dhuhoori Abdulla Al
Published: November 2019

Water flow through soil layers (infiltration) encompasses the key element of the hydrologic cycle, where it characterizes the pathway of contribution to the groundwater aquifers. Infiltration tests are carried out in the field to measure the soil layers’ infiltration rate and their corresponding hydraulic conductivity. The investigation site, Wadi Al Bih dam, represents one of the significant locations for water harvesting and storing in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The dam plays essential role in preventing and mitigating the flash flooding and assist the infiltration process to recharge the shallow groundwater aquifer. This study targets to measure the infiltration rate on both sides of the dam and emphasize the relationships between the precipitation and water percolation downwards as well as the dam ability to accumulate and store the surface water especially during the intensive water storm events. The results reveal a remarkable variability of the infiltration and the hydraulic conductivity values in both the upstream and downstream of the dam. The average infiltration rate varies from 23.9 to 27.71 cm/h and the average hydraulic conductivity ranges between 9.82 and 39.67 cm/s. This shows the noticeable changeability of the soil cover to absorb the surface water and push it down to recharge the shallow aquifer.
Heritage of the Polish Central Industrial District - New Cities
Authors: Sikora Anna
Published: November 2019

“New cities” are perhaps one of the most interesting aspects of the construction, existence and subsequent development of the Central Industrial District. These settlement units founded “in cruda radis” have all a similar and characteristic layout structure. A newly established industrial plant of strategic production profile (usually associated with arms manufacturing) was directly or indirectly connected with a residential/services unit, which subsequently evolved into a city. The analysis of new settlements development in the COP area leads to identification of four groups, that vary in terms of transformation effects and current status. These are: small cities, medium cities, villages with urban characteristics and villages absorbed by previously shaped urban units. It seems that among these groups, the group of small cities deserves special attention, as it presents an explication of construction process and urban structure transformation, analysis of which may be easily achieved due to the size such units. This article presents the outline of layouts and the development history of the settlement units that were parts of functional/spatial structure created through the construction of industrial and residential estates in the Central Industrial District. The aim of the study was a framework analysis of how these cities originated and how the tissue of presented urban complexes transformed. The tools used to present these origins and basic urban development transformations included the analysis of available literature, museum/archive resources, general analysis of cartographic materials and also field studies.