bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Second Attempt
Authors: Tamen Miguel
Published: August 2024

Abstract: In his well-known, and often very loose, paraphrase of Psalm 137, Camões suggests that he has “hung on the willow trees / The organs with which I had sung” (11.54-55). This looks prima facie false, since he has already produced at least 53 lines after that event, and will go on to produce many more, to the total of 365. What is the status of a poetic composition that purports to escape the pitfalls of poetry, and, more to the point, what is the use of poetry if not that of perpetuating itself through elaborate excuses for its own emergence?
Analisis Laporan Keuangan untuk Mengukur Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. Bank Neo Commerce TBK
Authors: Rustan DM  , Andi Gunawan
Published: August 2024

Dari hasil analisis laporan keuangan PT. Bank Neo Commerce, Tbk selama periode 2019-2023, dapat disimpulkan bahwa bank ini menunjukkan kinerja keuangan yang stabil dan sehat. Rasio likuiditas (Current Ratio) rata-rata sebesar 1.50 menandakan kemampuan bank yang baik dalam memenuhi kewajiban jangka pendeknya. Rasio solvabilitas (Debt to Equity Ratio) dengan rata-rata 1.05 menunjukkan struktur modal yang moderat dan penggunaan utang yang terkendali. Efisiensi operasional yang diukur dengan rasio aktivitas (Total Asset Turnover) sebesar 0.50 dan profitabilitas yang diukur dengan Return on Assets (ROA) sebesar 4% mengindikasikan bahwa bank berhasil mengelola asetnya dengan baik untuk menghasilkan laba.Tren keuangan BNC menunjukkan stabilitas dengan variasi yang minimal pada semua rasio utama, menandakan manajemen yang efektif dan kebijakan keuangan yang konsisten. Dibandingkan dengan rata-rata industri, kinerja BNC menunjukkan posisi kompetitif yang kuat, meskipun terdapat ruang untuk peningkatan efisiensi operasional dan profitabilitas. Penelitian ini memberikan dasar yang kuat bagi manajemen BNC untuk mempertahankan strategi keuangan yang ada sambil mengevaluasi peluang untuk peningkatan kinerja di masa depan
A review on the intensive, highly competitive and invasive nature of Picea: A basis for natural forest management of Picea for global ecological sustainability
Authors: Aban Jomar , Fajardo Weenalei , Omokaro Godspower Oke
Published: August 2024

Species diversity and biogeography is basically affected by site history. To provide an insightful basis in understanding the current distribution of Picea, paleoecological and historical assessment must be undertaken. In this study, the current schematic distribution of Picea is re-evaluated using secondhand resources as baseline information in assessing their dispersal and colonization as affected by their strategic tolerance and resilient features making them one of those globally distributed species. Thirty refereed journals were used in this descriptive-type of meta analysis to scrutinize the intensive life processes, highly competitive nature and invasive capacity of Picea to out-compete co-occurring species until the present day. Implications of this study can be used for conservation strategies more specifically in natural forest management plans to ensure that we go beyond saving and start promoting Picea species for sustainability most especially because this species is of great ecological and economic importance.
Improved Feed Efficiency and Nutritional Property Effects of Honey from Apis mellifera L. as an Additive for Broiler Chickens’ Drinking Water
Authors: Tattao Rosemarie , Panas Joseph , De Castro David , Soliba Mishima , Calimpang Ison , Pajarillo Rolyne Mae
Published: August 2024

Antimicrobial usage is particularly high in poultry production. Honey as a water supplement to poultry has been explored as a natural and safe antibiotic alternative. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of honey as a water supplement on broilers' growth performance and chemical properties. Five dietary treatments were used: no supplement (T1), commercial electrolytes (T2), 5mL honey (T3), (7.5mL honey (T4), and 10mL honey (T5) per liter of water. The experiment used 150 1-day-old Cobb-400 broiler chicks, assigned to five treatments with three replications of ten (10) birds each (N=30) employing the Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three blocks. Results indicated that 5mL/L-10mL/L honey supplementation led to a significant (p < 0.05) decrease of 4.3% to 7% in feed consumption compared to those with electrolytes. Similarly, using 5mL/L of honey showed 12.5% lower FCR compared with T2 and 24.3% compared with T1. However, a higher level of honey was comparable to T2, indicating that honey supplementation improved feed utilization and reduced feed cost at a certain level. Results of the proximate analysis, particularly on moisture content (MC), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), and total carbohydrates ((TC), revealed numerical differences. Samples with 5mL/L to 7.5mL/L levels of honey showed a higher MC, CP, and TC content and lower CF than T2. This implies that honey as a drinking water supplement offers practical advantages in feed consumption and efficiency and in improving the chemical and nutritional properties of chicken meat. A choice for healthier production.
Characterization of the Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles from the Sea Cucumber Bohadschia marmorata (Jaeger, 1833)
Authors: Laranang Wilson , Bawingan Paulina
Published: August 2024

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from marine invertebrates, particularly sea cucumbers, are relatively few or even lacking. This study aimed to determine the potential of the body wall of Bohadschia marmorata as reducing agent to synthesize silver nanoparticles and characterize the generated AgNPs using a direct and environment-friendly procedure. Although limited, the generated AgNPs were confirmed with an absorbance peak of 416 nm, indicative of surface plasmon resonance, with strong signals of elemental silver acquired by EDS at 3 keV. The potential functional groups responsible for the reduction of silver ions and capping of the nanoparticles include O–H (alcohol and carboxylic acids), C–C (alkene), N–H, and C–N (amine) groups detected by FT-IR. Scanning electron microscopy showed a nearly spherical morphology with an approximate size of 288 nm which tends to polydisperse and aggregate. Thus, this study showed that the sea cucumber body wall can be used in the biosynthesis of AgNPs. However, refinement of the procedures and operational parameters used is needed to produce more and better-quality nanoparticles.
Development of STEM-Based Biology Laboratory Activities in Creating Filter Paper Utilizing Indigenous Materials
Authors: Lanaja Ilyn , Barquilla Manuel
Published: August 2024

This study aims to develop STEM-based laboratory activities in creating filter paper using indigenous materials. The researcher initially devised a formulation for creating filter papers from indigenous materials (Corchorus olitorius leaves and waste papers) and subjected them to various tests. It was determined that Filter Paper B is the most effective among all other formulations. Subsequently, it was compared to Grade 2 Whatman filter paper using the same methodology. These precise procedures were also incorporated into the laboratory activities developed by the researcher and utilized by students during implementation. Following the tests stated in the laboratory manual, the students also determined that filter paper B containing 20 g (40%) of jute mallow leaves and 30 g (60%) of waste paper was the most effective in terms of the criteria and qualities. A pre-and post-test were also administered during the implementation. This is aimed at assessing the degree of STEM literacy among students regarding the topic of Filtration. It is interesting to note that using STEM - Based Biology Laboratory Activities increased the students’ STEM literacy. Hence, it is recommended that the STEM – Based Biology Laboratory Activities be used in class to foster scientific learning among students.
Mối quan hệ giữa sự gắn kết của sinh viên và giá trị dịch vụ cảm nhận: Vai trò trung gian của khả năng hấp thu
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Đoan Trân  , Phạm Thị Nhã Phương
Published: August 2024

Đây là một nghiên cứu thực nghiệm về vai trò trung gian của khả năng hấp thu trong mối quan hệ giữa sự gắn kết của sinh viên và giá trị dịch vụ cảm nhận (GTDVCN) bằng cách sử dụng mô hình cấu trúc tuyến tính để phân tích các mối quan hệ trong mô hình nghiên cứu đề xuất với hai giả thuyết. Kết quả phân tích dữ liệu chính thức thu thập từ 2.075 sinh viên của năm trường đại học tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh và Hà Nội cho thấy, cả hai giả thuyết đều được chấp nhận. Trong đó, mối quan hệ tuyến tính là sự gắn kết của sinh viên tác động tích cực lên GTDVCN. Đồng thời, mô hình vai trò trung gian bán phần của khả năng hấp thu đối với mối quan hệ này được chấp nhận, là phù hợp hơn mô hình trung gian toàn phần bởi vì mức độ giải thích phương sai của GTDVCN cao hơn. Những phát hiện này có thể đóng góp vào lý thuyết nghiên cứu về sự gắn kết của sinh viên, GTDVCN và khả năng hấp thu.
Các yếu tố tác động đến việc sử dụng dịch vụ fintech: Bài học cho ngành ngân hàng Việt Nam
Authors: Nguyễn Đức Trung  , Hồ Thị Ngọc Tuyền
Published: August 2024

Trong những năm gần đây, lĩnh vực công nghệ tài chính (fintech) đã đánh dấu nhiều sự phát triển nổi bật với đa dạng hệ sinh thái như ví điện tử, tài chính cá nhân, cho vay ngang hàng, công nghệ bảo hiểm, ngân hàng số, điểm tín dụng, gọi vốn cộng đồng,… Chính sự đa dạng này đã tạo ra nhiều dịch vụ đem lại nhiều lựa chọn cho khách hàng. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu nhằm phân tích các yếu tố tác động đến việc sử dụng dịch vụ tại các công ty fintech, từ đó rút ra một số bài học cho ngành ngân hàng. Bằng việc sử dụng phương pháp hồi quy đa biến với phần mềm xử lý SPSS 20 và mẫu nghiên cứu được thu thập từ 250 học viên đang theo học tại Khoa Sau đại học và sinh viên chất lượng cao tại Trường Đại học Ngân hàng Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (BUH), kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có ba yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến sự hài lòng (SHL) của khách hàng khi sử dụng dịch vụ của fintech được xếp theo thứ tự tác động giảm dần như sau: khuyến mãi (KM), nhiều công ty cung cấp dịch vụ thanh toán (CC) và dễ sử dụng (SD); kết quả này cho thấy, các fintech đang cung cấp sản phẩm với trải nghiệm của khách hàng tốt hơn các ngân hàng. Do đó, các ngân hàng nên hợp tác với các fintech để đôi bên cùng có lợi, đang là hướng kinh doanh tốt trong điều kiện hiện nay
Buying and Selling Online from the Perspective of Hadith Science
Authors: Dadah D , Ramadhan Sergie Ahmad , Akbar Faiz Zulfan , Zujalis Wiksan
Published: August 2024

The aim of this research is to elucidate how the law of online trading is viewed from the perspective of Hadith. Many Hadiths discuss trading, and several of them are utilized to understand the legal aspects of online trading. In this digital era, the use of online trading methods is widespread. However, we must pay closer attention when using these methods. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Regarding the discussion that follows, we have collected data from books and journals, utilizing a library research method. Online trading also presents several issues, and Hadiths are used to provide solutions to these online trading problems
ENCONTROS NA HISTÓRIA DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA A EPT NO BRASIL: as EEEPS no Estado do Ceará e o IFSP
Authors: Ramalho de Oliveira Fernanda , Ferreira Boschini Fernanda
Published: August 2024

As instituições de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT) possuíram variadas configurações institucionais dentro de suas trajetórias política e histórica e precisaram lidar com relevantes aspectos em seus percursos. Em tais circunstâncias, exprime-se a ideia que estes movimentos demonstraram, no decurso da história, um alinhamento com a perspectiva capitalista o que promoveu o desenvolvimento de muitas escolas profissionais fundamentadas em preceitos, como a “qualificação profissional de excelência”, proposta pelas escolas técnicas federais, e os “princípios de produtividade e eficiência”, difundidos nas proposições pedagógicas de algumas redes estaduais de ensino técnico. Com amparo nestas reflexões, este artigo intenta examinar as instituições de EPT na lógica neoliberal no contexto de duas distintas instituições de formação e qualificação profissional. Com base em leituras e análises com o aporte teórico de Oliveira (2003), Antunes (2009), Frigotto (2015), Caires e Oliveira (2016), Fávero (2023) entre outros, a perspectiva é de que os autores citados ajudem a analisar e interpretar o contexto de criação e implantação destas duas importantes instituições de formação em EPT aqui analisadas: as Escolas de Educação Profissional do Estado do Ceará (EEEPs) e o Instituto Federal de São Paulo (IFSP). A criação dos institutos federais e das EEEPs representou avanços na democratização e na ampliação do acesso à educação profissional no País. Entende-se necessário questionar de forma crítica, no entanto, as lógicas predominantes que orientam ou impactam, de algum modo, estas instituições pela inserção de conceitos neoliberais nas políticas para a EPT
Development of Guided Inquiry Learning Model Based on Educational Games to Improve Elementary Students' Science Process Skills
Authors: MR Muspratiwi Pertiwi , Bundu Patta , Yahya M.
Published: August 2024

This research aims to develop a Guided Inquiry Learning Model Based on Educational Games, presented in a book format and supported by educational games accessible via Canva and Wordwall platforms. The model is designed to be valid, practical, and effective in enhancing elementary school students' science process skills. This study uses a Research and Development (R&D) approach, adapting the Plomp model's development stages: initial investigation, design, realization, testing, evaluation, revision, and implementation. The subjects are fifth-grade students from UPT SD Negeri 214, UPT SD Negeri 99, and UPT SD Negeri 101 in Pinrang Regency. Research instruments include validation sheets, observation sheets, questionnaires, and evaluation sheets. The study produces an Inquiry-Based Educational Game (IGE) textbook and learning tools, such as lesson plans (RPP), student worksheets (LKPD), and educational games. The findings reveal a strong need among teachers and students for a learning model that enhances science process skills. The developed IGE model comprises syntax, social system, reaction principles, support system, instructional impact, and accompanying impact. The syntax includes Activation, Playing, Exploring, and Wrap-Up phases. The IGE model meets the criteria for validity and practicality, receiving high validation ratings. The model effectively enhances students' science process skills, as shown by significant improvements in student performance. The IGE model and its learning tools are deemed highly practical, based on feedback from students and teachers.
Elements of Change Series: Natural Hazards and Global Change
Authors: Katzenberger John ,   Aspen Global Change Institute, Hassol Susan Joy
Published: August 2024

Societal ability to understand, build resiliency, and respond to natural hazards will be put to the test as global environmental changes, such as climate change, are likely to make natural disasters and hazard more common. This Elements of Change report discusses the main components of natural disaster reduction and illustrates why better disaster management and response is necessary in face of looming environmental change. Included in this report is a description of expected environmental changes that pose a threat to society, suggested procedures for natural disaster reduction, and the role of various private, government, civilian sectors in reducing the impacts of natural hazards.
PEMBUKTIAN PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA STUDI KASUS PERKARA NOMOR: 2057/PID.SUS/2023/PN.SBY
Authors: Kurniawan Yohan Dwi , Sidarta Dudik Djaja , Soekorini Noenik
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji alat bukti tindak pidana kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dan faktor-faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan pengadilan dalam memutus perkara pidana nomor 2057/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Sby. Penelitian ini memberikan pengetahuan yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat tentang bagaimana hakim dalam mengambil keputusan dengan mempertimbangkan semua alat bukti yang diajukan selama persidangan dan membandingkannya dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi pendekatan yang menggabungkan pendekatan kasus, pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan perundang-undangan, dan jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa kekerasan dalam rumah tangga mencakup bentuk kekerasan baik psikis maupun fisik. Menurut Pasal 7 Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004, kekerasan psikis diartikan sebagai setiap perbuatan yang mengakibatkan seseorang mengalami ketakutan, penderitaan psikis berat, kehilangan kepercayaan diri, ketidakberdayaan, atau gabungan dari semuanya itu. Pasal 5 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 48 Tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman mengatur tentang ruang lingkup penemuan hukum yang tersedia bagi hakim. Disebutkan bahwa hakim dan hakim konstitusi memiliki kewajiban untuk menyelidiki, menaati, dan memahami nilai-nilai hukum serta rasa keadilan masyarakat. Kajian ini menegaskan betapa pentingnya bagi penegak hukum untuk memahami bahwa, selain dasar hukum dan alat bukti yang kuat, hakim harus mengkualifikasi peristiwa yang dianggapnya terbukti untuk mencapai suatu kesimpulan dalam perkara pidana. Ketika suatu peristiwa hukum dikualifikasi untuk diadili, hakim mendasarkan putusannya pada penentuan secara objektif keadaan sebenarnya dari perkara tersebut daripada membuat penentuan a priori ketika mempertimbangkan perkara dan kemudian menyusunnya kembali. Berdasarkan fakta-fakta tersebut, pengadilan akan mengetahui kejadian yang sebenarnya.
A Novel Approach for Analyzing Temporal Influence Dynamics in Social Networks
Authors:   Professor, Department of CSE, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 501301, India, Bhukya Sreedhar , Shaik Khasim Saheb ,   Assistant Professor, Department of CSE, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 501301, India
Published: August 2024

Features like assortative mixing; high clustering, short average path lengths, broad degree distributions, and community structure have been the subject of numerous recent social network studies. All of these features are met by the model that is introduced in this study. Additionally, our model enables interactions between various communities, fostering a rich network environment. The asymptotically scale-free degree distribution is maintained by our model, which achieves a high clustering coefficient. In our model, the community structure is generated by a mix of mechanisms involving implicit preferential attachment and random attachment. We expand our consideration to include neighbor of neighbor of Initial Contact (NNIC) as well, in contrast to earlier approaches that solely focused on neighbor of Initial Contact (NIC) as an implicit preferential contact. If a newly added vertex chooses more than one initial contact, this extension makes it possible for contacts between those initial contacts to occur. Consequently, our model facilitates the development of complex social networks beyond those used as basic references. Finally, we conduct centrality calculations on both the existing model and our developed model, providing a comparative analysis of the results.
Early Detection and Diagnosis of Oral Cancer Using Deep Neural Network
Authors:   Department of CSE, Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal, Telangana,506001, India, K Vinay Kumar , Palakurthy Sumanaswini ,   Department of CSE, Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal, Telangana,506001, India, Balijadaddanala Sri Harsha ,   Department of CSE, Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal, Telangana,506001, India, Pappula Sharmila Reddy ,   Department of CSE, Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal, Telangana,506001, India, Lavudaya Anil Kumar ,   Department of CSE, Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal, Telangana,506001, India
Published: August 2024

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a malignancy that destroys the ability of the tissues surrounding the mouth to develop layers and membranes. Automated early diagnosis of oral histopathological images has allowed for the successful diagnosis of oral cancer, thanks to recent advancements in Deep Learning (DL) for biomedical image classification. By using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model based on deep learning for the initial analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), this work aims to automate the classification of benign and malignant oral biopsy histopathological images. For this study, the CNN model Inception-Resnet-V2 is selected using the transfer learning approach. To enhance OSCC detection, additional layers are incorporated into this pretrained model. By mining a repository of oral cancer histopathology images, we can gauge how well these tweaked models perform. We examine the modified structure of the pre-trained Inception-Resnet-V2 model and suggest a DL-CNN model that uses it. With an accuracy of 91.78%, it has outperformed in terms of performance metrics.
A New Approach to Computationally- Successful Linear and Polynomial Regression Analytics of Large Data in Medicine
Authors:   Professor, Department of CSE, Koneru Lakshmaah Education Foundation, Bowrampet, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500043, India, U Srilakshmi , J Manikandan ,   Assistant professor, Department of CSE, CMR Institute of Technology, Kandlakoya, Hyderabad, Telangana, 501401, India, Velagapudi Thanmayee ,   Students, Department of CSE, CMR Institute of Technology, Kandlakoya, Hyderabad, Telangana, 501401, India., Gandla Abhinav ,   Students, Department of CSE, CMR Institute of Technology, Kandlakoya, Hyderabad, Telangana, 501401, India., Kumar Tharun ,   Students, Department of CSE, CMR Institute of Technology, Kandlakoya, Hyderabad, Telangana, 501401, India, Dogiparthy Saideep ,   Students, Department of CSE, CMR Institute of Technology, Kandlakoya, Hyderabad, Telangana, 501401, India
Published: August 2024

In the realm of healthcare, predictive modeling stands as a pivotal tool for deciphering patient outcomes and refining medical decision-making processes. However, the accuracy of machine learning algorithms, which underpin these predictive models, often falls short, leading to erroneous predictions. This study offers a new approach to optimize linear and polynomial regression models for healthcare analytics, which aims to tackle this challenge. In contrast to earlier efforts, this method focuses on using a scaled-down data transformation to improve linear regression model performance. The main goal of this study is to reduce the sum of squared errors (SSE) and improve the predictive power of linear regression models by using a data transformation function to reduce the size of all variables. In a series of experiments, we used non-Bayesian statistics in SPSS and Matlab to generate 40 trials of linear regression models, with 1,000 observations in each trial. In addition, we used SPSS for regression analysis, Excel for data manipulation, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and Cronbach’s alpha statistics for optimization model performance evaluation.Our findings show that the suggested scale-down transformation method is effective, since the sum of squared errors is significantly reduced (absolute Z-score=5.511, effect size=0.779, p-value<0.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Furthermore, the optimized model's robust internal consistency was confirmed by inter-item reliability testing (Cronbach's alpha=0.993).
Partisispasi Perempuan dalam Penyelenggara Pemilu Menurut Pandangan Hukum Islam
Authors: Supriyadi  , Hirmayadi Saputra  , Muzakkir S
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine women's participation in election administration in Indonesia from the perspective of Islamic law, using a descriptive qualitative method that includes literature review. The results show that women's participation in election administration remains very limited, with the percentage of women in Bawaslu and KPU far below 30%. The main obstacles include patriarchal culture, restrictive interpretations of religious doctrines, and bureaucratic hurdles. Although Islamic law does not explicitly prohibit women's participation, conservative interpretations often limit their roles. This study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of women's participation in election administration in Indonesia and provides insights for policymakers to design more effective affirmative strategies, highlighting the importance of a gender perspective in equitable election administration.
Refugees in Turkey: Effects on Labour Market, Political Constraints, and Recommendation
Authors: Zhang Ruijia (Rachel)
Published: August 2024

The Syrian Civil War has killed hundreds of thousands of people, and forced over 10 million Syrians out of their homes. Many of them have found refuge in Turkey, making it the largest refugee-hosting country in the world. However, the refugee crisis isn’t the only problem that Turkey is currently facing. Turkey’s economy has been declining since 2018 and with the added burden of the refugees, the situation for both Syrinas and Turkish citizens look dire. With no quick strategy out, the governments and citizens have turned on the Syrians, blaming them for the bad economic situation and their loss of jobs. This paper will analyze past and current data to assess the impact of refugees on the Turkish labour market. There is a positive correlation between the arrival of the Syrian refugees and Turkey’s economic and labour downturn; however, there are many contributing factors to the downturn and the correlation does not necessarily suggest causation. The paper will then suggest possible solutions to ameliorate Turkey’s economic crisis without causing a humanitarian crisis for the refugees, focusing on integration rather than deportation.
An Up-To-Date Exploratory Survey of 4434 Confirmed Exoplanets and an Insight into the Sensitivity of Detection Methods
Authors: Kim Donggeon
Published: August 2024

The recent development of detection methods has produced large metadata of exoplanets, which are stored and regularly updated on the NASA Exoplanet Archive. In this paper, classification and habitability schemes by Kopparapu, R. et al are incorporated to classify 4434 confirmed exoplanets into 5 different categories—Rocky, Super-Earths, Sub-Neptune, Sub-Jovian, and Jovian—and to compute their habitability. In addition, 20 graphs are plotted to analyze the trends of exoplanets’ characterization, habitability, and detection methods sensitivity. This paper also upgrades a current NASA Exoplanet Archive catalog to be more comprehensive by appending classification and habitability flag columns. Moreover, a novel exoplanet classification scheme is proposed to utilize Weighted Average for more comprehensive metadata from futuristic telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope. Codes, datasets, plots, and the upgraded exoplanet catalog from this research are published on the GitHub page, for readers to repeat this research’s analysis with newly updated exoplanet data.
The Arousal-Mood Theory: Current Research and Limitations
Authors: Zhuang Jingzhi
Published: August 2024

The idea that certain types of music can enhance performance on cognitive tasks has fascinated psychologists for decades. One study that has gained heightened attention is the study on the Mozart Effect by Rauscher and others, which demonstrated a positive effect of Mozart’s music on performance on a spatial reasoning task. Later research that replicated the study, however, achieved mixed findings, with some supporting the Mozart Effect while others not. One of the most widely cited alternative explanations is the arousal-mood theory developed by Thompson and others in 2001. Yet, though improving on the previous theory, there are also inconsistent findings regarding this model. Consequently, the present review aims to investigate why contradictory results exist by analyzing experiments conducted in the past decade. Studies are discussed in terms of their level of support for the arousal-mood theory and why this might be so, evoking various pre-existing models. It was found that the results largely rely on task type and individual differences. Research gaps and future research directions are also proposed.
Bridging the Broadband Gap: Leveraging Public-Private Partnerships to Level Out Internet Inequality
Authors: Wu Zachary
Published: August 2024

As a result of huge fixed costs to enter the Internet market, providers of reliable broadband connections are often overly hesitant to expand their service to rural areas. Over the past decade, the chasmic separation between those who have high-speed connections and those who do not has only widened, leading to economic inequality. Without access to broadband, millions of Americans are left unable to participate in the economy, which is now more digital than ever. Internet resources are becoming increasingly critical in telework, job searching, education, and more. As such, it is particularly damning when a large subsection of the population faces severe limitations in the quality of their Internet service. Although many solutions have been explored by the government, most have failed to deliver long-lasting improvements to the broadband gap.

This paper argues that in order for broadband infrastructure expansion to be effective, the optimal policy solution must harness the strengths of both public and private stakeholders in unison. Whereas private actors like Internet providers have little to no organic incentives to build cables in untapped markets where there is no sufficient guarantee of return, and government actors like federal agencies cannot directly finance these projects for fear of exposing taxpayers to risk, neither privatization nor government intervention is normatively preferable. Rather, when governments and private firms share the responsibility, and by extension, the associated risks, of broadband projects, this framework of public-private partnership offers the most potent solution to status quo inequities.
Chi-Squared Analysis of the Uncertainty of Falling Chain Experiments
Authors: Hu David
Published: August 2024

The falling chain problem is a classic physics problem that studies the dynamics of a chain falling in a gravitational field. There are different ways to investigate the problem. One of them is a U-Chain system in which a chain is attached to a rigid support by its two ends. As one of the ends is released, the chain begins to fall. Various models have been suggested to explain the acceleration of the falling end in a U-Chain system, but few of these analyses have determined a best-fit model and fewer still have tested their models. In this project, a oneparameter chi-squared analysis is used to test a model that describes the relationship between the falling time of one end of U-chains and their lengths. The falling of five chains is recorded and used in the experiment. A best-fit model was obtained, but was not a good fit to the data, despite only a small difference between the best-fit and model-predicted parameter values. The lack of a good fit is attributed to underestimated measurement uncertainties due to the measurement method. The fact that a good fit was not obtained despite only a small difference between best-fit and model-predicted parameter values is evidence of the sensitivity of chi-squared model testing.
Exploration of CGAN Pix2Pix Model with Image Data for S&P Stock Price Prediction
Authors: Su Cindy
Published: August 2024

With the incredibly volatile stock market in 2020, many professional investors won big, but almost all average citizen investors lacked the resources to participate, such as investment knowledge, time, attention, and buying capital,, leaving them at a great disadvantage. There have been AI and prediction algorithms that have been developed that are making “smart” investing available to more people, but the algorithms are still difficult to understand as there is a code language barrier. The algorithms are also difficult to trust as they are opaque in how they process strictly numerical data into predictions. Thus, this experiment tested to see if an image databased algorithm like the Pix2Pix Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (CGAN) would be able to predict the next week’s stock prices. By focusing on image data, it promotes more understanding of the algorithm as common investors can more easily see patterns through visual representations of stock prices. It also explores the Gramian Angular Summation/Difference Fields (GAF) image representation method that could encode more pertinent relationships between data points than a direct candlestick image. Experiments ended up showing that the model’s prediction GAF image for the next week’s prices had a 74% similarity rate with the GAF image of the next week’s actual prices, suggesting that the image-based model and GAFs could be considered for future stock prediction.
Application of Machine Learning in Predicting Molecular Properties
Authors: Sun Edward
Published: August 2024

As developing new compounds and determining their properties is expensive and possibly dangerous, it becomes necessary to develop a model to predict the molecular properties without having to synthesize and test it experimentally. Two systematic ways to represent a compound are through the schematic diagram of the molecular structure and the simplified molecular-input line-entry system (SMILES). In this study, these representations were used to train two neural network models, a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a recurrent neural network (RNN), respectively, in order to predict the compounds’ melting points. By representing the compounds as an image of the structure, the CNN was unsuccessful at fitting the given data, appearing to remain constant at around the average melting point of the given data. However, by representing the compounds as a systematically generated string of text, the RNN was successful at fitting the data, with an overall trend similar to the actual trend and a lower mean absolute error. However, the SMILES data used for the RNN does not contain orientation information, unlike the structure diagram data. For future studies, it may be possible to combine the two representations to reach a more accurate prediction model.
Using Remote Sensing to Analyze the Effect of the 2015-2016 El Niño Drought on the Forest Health in the Lower Tapajós Region of the Amazon Rainforest
Authors: Fan Valerie
Published: August 2024

Preserving the Amazon rainforest is crucial for maintaining its biodiversity, protecting local communities, and slowing down global warming. Deforestation and anthropogenic climate change have been interfering with the natural ecosystem dynamics and degrading the health of the rainforests. This study seeks to understand the impacts of deforestation on forest health and the effectiveness of restoration efforts in sustaining the rainforests. Leveraging publicly available satellite data, we compared the short-term changes in forest health of intact forests, areas of forest loss, and areas of forest gain in the Lower Tapajós region following the 2015-2016 El Niño. Particularly, a combination of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and the Normalized Difference Water Index representing vegetation greenness and water content, respectively, were used as proxies for forest health. We found that intact forests are significantly less vulnerable to drought, with smaller disturbance magnitudes and faster recovery rates compared with most areas of forest gain and forest loss. We also observed that a few areas of forest gain and forest loss showed patterns similar to that of intact forests. Our analyses affirm the importance of preserving intact rainforests to maintain their resilience. Furthermore, our study suggests that carefully managing reforestation efforts and levels of deforestation can improve forest health.
A Comparison Between Dissociative Amnesia and PTSD after Traumatic Experiences
Authors: Zhang Sophia
Published: August 2024

Dissociative amnesia occurs when a person is unable to recall autobiographical memory due to a traumatic event. Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) stems from similar causes, but it is the periodic re-experiencing of the stressor. These two conditions share similar neurological functions such as state-dependent memory. However, other processes such as retrieval inhibition and motivated forgetting are attributed more to dissociative amnesia. As a result of war trauma and childhood abuse, it can lead to any combination of dissociative amnesia and PTSD. Numerous studies look into the likelihood a trauma survivor will experience one of these conditions and which factors may contribute to it. There have been limited studies regarding this issue because there has been doubt on the validity of recovered memories from someone who has experienced dissociative amnesia. Similarly, few studies are able to research and document the impact of child abuse on psychological conditions in adulthood. This study aims to shed light on the similarity and differences in the dissociative amnesia and PTSD.
Potential Effects of Permafrost Melt on Plant Health in the Northeast Siberian Tundra: A Review
Authors: Jiang William
Published: August 2024

The Northeast Siberian Tundra is a complex ecosystem home to many species of plants that have adapted over time to survive in the Arctic’s cold environment. In recent years, global warming caused by anthropogenic actions has resulted in the melting of the permafrost layer underground in locations throughout the polar regions. As permafrost begins to melt due to global warming, the effects caused by the thawing of the ground disrupts the plant cover and changes the biodiversity of the region. Many plant and animal species that inhabit the grasslands of the Northeast Siberian Tundra have been affected detrimentally by permafrost melt. Much of the permafrost in the soil has thawed, resulting in the permafrost layer receding into the ground. Without the hardened permafrost layer to keep water near the surface, water is allowed to drain through the ground with ease. Visual inspection of satellite image products from NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive satellite from 2015-2021 revealed a clear decrease in moisture contained in the soil. The surface soil has become drier and less suitable for the grasses and other plants growing in the soil, which are adapted to thrive in moist, cooler soil. As a result, other plant species that are adapted to drier soil begin to replace the original grasses, causing a large shift in the ecosystem’s balance.
Neurobiology of Pathological Gambling: A Literature Review
Authors: Nguyen Caroline N.
Published: August 2024

Pathological gambling is an impulse-control disorder associated with difficulty managing urges to gamble even at the cost of oneself. This review seeks to investigate existing research on the neurobiological bases of pathological gambling, including abnormal function of brain regions and neurotransmitter systems. Existing research indicates that decreased activity in the prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum is associated with pathological gambling behaviors. Additionally, abnormal production and function of dopamine and serotonin is implicated to be affiliated with pathological gambling. However, the exact abnormalities in these systems are not clearly defined, and further research is required to determine if hyper- or hypo- states are related to pathological gambling. Pharmacological treatments can be investigated based on these neurobiological bases, such as glutamate-related agents and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
“Not like th’inhabitants o’ th’ earth”: The Queer “Other” in Macbeth
Authors: Catalano Thomas P.
Published: August 2024

This literature review offers a queer theory analysis of William Shakespeare’s Macbeth. The following questions drove my research: “How do the heteronormative Christian values in Macbeth endorse the traditionalist principles of the English monarchy? How does Christianity place limitations on gender expression in the context of the Renaissance?”

An antithetical reflection of the traditional male-female binary, queerness in Macbeth manifests in the weird sisters’ androgynous attributes and Macbeth’s invocation of Hectate before murdering King Duncan; furthermore, queerness is otherized and demonized through its association with states of evil and disorder. The witches’ queerness produces their opposition to divine order. Through their esoteric evil practices, they possess Macbeth into invoking the mythological queen of witches, Hecate, and assassinating King Duncan, the epitome of patriarchal, heteronormative order. In doing so, Macbeth creates a satanic anti-kingdom of which the witches themselves rule through their occult queer evil. Thus, the witches represent the ultimate opposition to the divine monarchy in their state of indeterminate gender expression, which contradicts the Christian cultural norms of the gender dichotomy.
Music Therapy and Cognitive Function: Exploring the Mechanisms and Potential for Enhanced Care
Authors: Hosanagar Inchara
Published: August 2024

In a clinical setting, music therapy has been shown to improve cognitive function and improve mental health in some patients who are suffering from psychiatric symptoms. It is one of the non-pharmacological approaches to treating a range of disorders. With a long history of use, music therapy has been shown to improve cognitive function by interacting with a variety of different brain functional networks and cognitive domains. This paper will discuss the various mechanisms of music therapy, the advantages of music therapy’s influence on neural plasticity, and some studies that are currently being done about music therapy and cognition in this paper, with an emphasis on an improvement in cognition. Numerous studies have shown that music therapy can slow cognitive deterioration, particularly in the areas of global cognition, psychomotor speed, executive function domains, and autobiographical and episodic memories. A promising intervention for the treatment of various illnesses and disorders is music therapy. However, additional data from prospective, randomized, blinded, consistent, and methodologically focused investigations are required.
The Intersection of Music Listening and Stress
Authors: Li Claire
Published: August 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic accentuated a growing concern towards mental health and stress, with reports of stress increasing since the onset of the pandemic. Long term exposure to stress may not only yield health risks but may also add costly financial burdens for society. In more recent years, music listening—especially relaxing or pleasurable music—has been shown to positively affect stress management and relaxation. In specific, classical music was found to have a great effect, and music chosen based on songs popular during a patient’s adolescence or early adulthood may help identify music regarded as pleasurable. Though music listening and stress modulate common brain regions such as the amygdala and hypothalamus, they induce different responses. Stress activates the sympathetic nervous system, the body’s “fight or flight” response which increases cortisol levels, while music can trigger the “rest or digest” parasympathetic nervous system which dampens the HPA axis and lowers cortisol. Music’s ability to regulate the HPA axis, lowering stress biomarkers such as cortisol levels, heart rate, and blood pressure is crucial to its use as a therapy for stress. Traditional stress management or prevention measures are often rather expensive and inaccessible; however, music listening provides a cheaper, noninvasive, and accessible alternative.
Titan and Europa: Candidates as Habitable Moons for Humanity
Authors: Hu Daniel
Published: August 2024

One major reason humans want to explore potentially habitable extraterrestrial objects is to ensure the survival of our species. Moons of Saturn and Jupiter, such as Titan and Europa, are less known compared to Mars and Venus but have promising features that could make them habitable for humans. Titan has a thick atmosphere similar to Earth’s, and Europa is speculated to have a vast subsurface liquid water ocean. However, challenges such as long travel distances and cold surface temperatures are also present on these moons. This paper will analyze features in depth on Titan and Europa that make them ideal candidates as potential places that could support human life. Challenges of exploring and inhabiting these moons are also considered. Two future missions to Titan and Europa, Dragonfly and Europa Clipper, their instruments and information they can gather, and what these new discoveries can mean for human exploration are also discussed.
Calibrations of Trumpler 20 Red Clump Stars using the Gaia G-bands
Authors: Zhang Tiffany
Published: August 2024

Calculating distances to astronomical objects are crucial for measuring absolute magnitude, analyzing evolution, and deriving the Hubble’s constant. Different distance methods, such as main-sequence fitting and period-luminosity relations of variable stars, form the distance ladder, in which methods for shorter distances calibrate methods for larger distances. Red clump (RC) stars are not a firmly established distance indicator as the strength of their metallicityluminosity relation varies between studies. This study investigates broader passbands for more general trends in the relation by using the G-, GBP-, and GRP-bands. Because of its substantial RC, Trumpler 20 was analyzed, and its data was collected from Gaia DR3 and Gaia-ESO DR5. The metallicity-luminosity relations demonstrated weak correlations with the highest R2 of 0.016 (p>0.05). However, when calculating the distance to ϵ Tauri, an RC star in the closest star cluster Hyades, the G-band metallicity-luminosity relation yielded the lowest relative error of 2.8%. This study introduces the use of Gaia photometric bands in the RC metallicity-luminosity relations to analyze different correlations for broader passbands. Future studies should further investigate broad passbands to determine if they produce significant results and narrower passbands of photometric bands that weakly correlate with metallicity.
Effects of Engagement with Different Authentic Audiovisual Stimuli on the Listening Proficiency of Higher-level and General Second Language (L2) Learners
Authors: Zhang Tianyi (Tina)
Published: August 2024

The term “audiovisual” pertains to a combination of both the hearing and sight senses, and different audiovisual stimuli have diverse effects on listening proficiency. Establishing the effectiveness of various audiovisual stimuli on language learners is essential to optimizing secondary language acquisition. This study examines how engagement with audiovisual programs impacts the listening proficiency of second language (L2) learners, and which type of audiovisual program is optimal for higher-level learners to improve their proficiency. By reviewing relevant studies and comparing their results, this study finds that engagement with audiovisual stimuli significantly enhances the listening proficiency of L2 learners. Moreover, there is no strict hierarchy of sources that best help higher-level learners because of the variable interplay of factors such as speech styles, the learners’ first languages and the languages being learned, their topic familiarity, and their level of interest. However, there is a widespread preference for TV news as the optimal material for higher-level L2 classrooms, because they contain a high degree of redundancy that facilitates listeners’ understanding of vocabulary. Furthermore, the TV news has been suggested to be most helpful for building higher-level L2 comprehension if certain features could be adjusted: effectively juxtapose spoken and visual texts, present less ambient noises and clear enunciations, and include more disfluencies as well as greater combinations of voiceovers and visuals instead of talking heads. Teachers are suggested to incorporate more audiovisual sources, especially the TV news, into L2 classroom learning.