bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Récits et expériences du paysage urbain historique de Porto, ville inscrite au patrimoine mondial de l’humanité
Authors: Albuquerque Ana Rita
Published: November 2024

Cet article examine comment l’approche du paysage urbain historique (PUH) (Unesco, 2011), axée sur les valeurs patrimoniales, contribue à la patrimonialisation des catégories « invisibles » (Barthelemy et Istasse, 2022 ; Zamant, 2019), dont ne subsistent que des « traces » (Veschambre, 2008). L’objectif est de saisir la transition vers un patrimoine qui intègre les altérités à Porto au Portugal, à partir de l’exemple de la Calçada das Carquejeiras, lieu situé à la marge du site inscrit au patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco. Fondée sur l’approche du paysage urbain historique, l’analyse s’articule autour de trois concepts clés : la mise en récit, la coprésence et l’expérience vécue. Le dispositif méthodologique mis en place participe aux réflexions critiques sur les processus de mise en valeur du patrimoine paysager à travers une enquête qualitative qui combine entretiens semi-directifs, analyse photographique, revue de presse, visites guidées et données institutionnelles à Porto. Cet article souligne que la patrimonialisation des catégories « invisibles » du paysage urbain requiert la prise en compte à la fois de la parole des habitants, de l’engagement des associations et des discours institutionnels. Il met aussi en avant que la multiplication des catégories n’entraîne pas systématiquement une plus grande inclusion des patrimoines. Pour cela, il s’agit plutôt de favoriser des outils de médiation et des méthodes variées et innovantes pour collecter les données relatives aux valeurs des paysages patrimoniaux. Les démarches visant à mettre en avant ces patrimoines pourraient ensuite influencer l’évolution des cadres normatifs à l’échelle locale et/ou nationale. On observe le développement des approches plus holistiques du paysage, tout comme cela s’est produit pour la reconnaissance de l’histoire des carquejeiras et l’application de l’approche du PUH à Porto.
Donald Trump et la construction de l’éthos mis en scène en interaction : quand l’effet prime sur les faits
Authors: Carrere Anaïs
Published: November 2024

Cet article porte sur la construction de l’éthos de Donald Trump dans l’interview diffusée le 2 juin 2024 sur la chaine nationale américaine Fox News. Cette interview fait suite à la condamnation de l’ancien président américain le 30 mai 2024 à New-York dans l’affaire Stormy Daniels. Notre étude qualitative et quantitative rend compte de la façon dont Donald Trump procède à une forme de construction éthotique valorisée en et par le discours. L’étude de procédés linguistiques, rhétoriques, stylistiques, argumentatifs ou interactionnels, analysés comme figure de proue du style de Donald Trump montre comment le candidat véhicule une image héroïque, à laquelle une partie de l’électorat américain peut adhérer. Notre étude dévoile aussi que, en toile de fond, sont utilisés des lexèmes, des vocables favorisant un effet émotionnel fort, étant articulés autour d’émotions négatives (la peur, la méfiance, le doute, le danger, etc) pour mieux promouvoir son rôle héroïque face à la diplomatie américaine et au parti Démocrate. L’intégralité de ces procédés confère une certaine crédibilité au discours et facilite la manipulation du co-énonciateur. En dépit du verdict, des faits et de la vérité, Donald Trump apparait comme la meilleure solution pour le futur de l’Amérique.
Las dinámicas de poder en el valle de Xauxa a fines del siglo XVI: Joan Vélez y el arte de la mediación
Authors: Flores Núnez Darío
Published: November 2024

Este libro examina la figura de Joan Vélez, nieto de Guayna Capac, nacido en el valle de Xauxa en 1551. Vélez se destacó como un actor clave en el mundo colonial andino de finales del siglo XVI y principios del siglo XVII. Su habilidad como intérprete lo convirtió en un puente entre la administración virreinal, deseosa de maximizar la recaudación fiscal, y las élites indígenas regionales, que intentaban preservar su autonomía frente a las exigencias coloniales. A través de las Informaciones de servicios de Joan Vélez, redactadas entre 1513 y 1515 y cuya transcripción se incluye en este libro, se reconstruye el entramado político, económico y social del valle de Xauxa y sus alrededores, en un periodo marcado por la intensa explotación del azogue en Guancavelica. Esta obra ofrece una visión detallada de cómo este mestizo, gracias a su papel como mediador, facilitó la adaptación y resistencia de las élites indígenas frente al sistema colonial impuesto, permitiéndoles mantener y reconfigurar su poder a pesar de las complejidades del orden colonial emergente.
Itinéraire d’un « chant de guerre » baoulé. De la violence coloniale aux négritudes
Authors: Debaene Vincent
Published: November 2024

De tous les livres de Maurice Delafosse, L’Âme nègre (1922) est sans aucun doute celui qui a été le plus largement diffusé et lu, à la fois en Europe et en Afrique. Signe de cette influence, de nombreux textes issus de ce recueil de « littérature orale » ont reparu, cités ou adaptés, dans d’autres contextes. Aucun cependant n’a autant circulé qu’un « chant de guerre » baoulé qui, après la guerre, se trouve repris par deux des pères fondateurs de la négritude, Léopold Sédar Senghor et Léon-Gontran Damas, dans une logique de promotion et de réappropriation de la « littérature orale africaine ». Mais dans quelles circonstances ce « texte » a-t-il été initialement collecté ? S’agissait-il d’ailleurs vraiment d’un « chant de guerre » ? Et la notion de « réappropriation » permet-elle réellement de comprendre le geste par lequel Senghor et Damas, à la veille des décolonisations, transforment en poème un tel écrit, prélevé dans la « bibliothèque coloniale » ?
Du plan de masse au plan de table : les dîners d’État au Grand Trianon, 1959-2022
Authors: Personne Nicolas , Wansart Noémie
Published: November 2024

À la demande du général de Gaulle, le Grand Trianon, au cœur du domaine de Versailles, est dédié à partir de 1959 à l’accueil des chefs d’État étrangers en visite. Ce nouveau rôle s’accompagne de travaux considérables, étalés sur près de sept ans, qui vont transformer le palais de marbre rose de Louis XIV en une résidence de la Ve République, confortable et moderne. Les dîners officiels et autres réceptions gouvernementales sont ainsi, dès l’origine, au centre des réflexions concernant les nombreux aménagements à effectuer. Cuisines, sanitaires, vestiaires, mais aussi décoration, ameublement, vaisselle et protocole spécifiques : tout est pensé sur mesure pour faire du dîner au Grand Trianon une expérience inoubliable pour les hôtes de la République. Incontournables dans les années 1960 et 1970, sporadiques dans les années 1980 et exceptionnelles depuis lors, les réceptions d’État au Grand Trianon n’en demeurent pas moins fidèles aux mêmes principes édictés il y a plus de soixante ans : être au service de la diplomatie et d’une certaine idée de l’art de vivre à la française.
Flexibilité alimentaire de bonobos en parc zoologique : consommation opportuniste d’espèces végétales autochtones et complément nutritionnel
Authors: Gérard Caroline , Pennec Flora , Guéry Jean-Pascal , Depauw Sarah , Janssens Geert , Anne Mélissa , Narat Victor , Simmen Bruno
Published: November 2024

La compréhension des facteurs de sélection et de préférence alimentaires représente un enjeu majeur pour la conservation des espèces in situ mais également ex situ puisqu’elle participe à l’amélioration du bien-être des individus hébergés en parc zoologique. Chez les bonobos (Pan paniscus), espèce endémique de la République Démocratique du Congo et classée en danger d’extinction par l’Union Internationale pour la Conservation de la Nature (UICN), ces facteurs de sélection sont peu connus. Les sites d’études en milieu naturel sont en effet peu nombreux et difficiles d’accès et les études sur ces problématiques en captivité sont rares. L’objectif de cette étude était donc de caractériser la prise alimentaire opportuniste d’une communauté de 17 bonobos hébergée au parc zoologique de la Vallée des Singes (Romagne, France) et ayant accès à un enclos extérieur de 0,8 hectares pourvu d’une végétation autochtone, afin d’en étudier les déterminants nutritionnels et écologiques. Grâce à une méthodologie pluri-disciplinaire associant observations comportementales individuelles, recensement botanique, analyses nutritionnelles (macro et micronutriments) et entretiens avec les soigneurs, cette étude réalisée sur trois saisons a révélé la consommation de 46 aliments appartenant à 26 espèces végétales avec une variabilité saisonnière importante. Les bonobos semblent en effet éviter les aliments les plus fibreux lorsque la disponibilité dans l’enclos le permet. Néanmoins, ces aliments demeurent plus riches en fibres que la ration et semblent apporter un complément alimentaire par rapport à la ration (fibres et calcium notamment), mais également un enrichissement comportemental, permettant une diminution des comportements anormaux de régurgitation-réingestion. Cette étude, complémentaire de celles menées en milieu naturel afin d’identifier les mécanismes de sélection des aliments, présente un intérêt majeur pour améliorer la nutrition et le bien-être des espèces hébergées.
« Pour l’honneur des travailleurs » : les Gilets jaunes face au mépris de classe
Authors: Lucas Clara
Published: November 2024

Les paroles de l’hymne du mouvement des Gilets jaunes de 2018 en France en font une lutte « pour l’honneur des travailleurs ». En prenant l’honneur des travailleur·ses par son défaut, le mépris, cet article s’interroge, à partir d’une enquête qualitative, sur la manière dont les émotions contribuent à produire la stratification sociale et la conscience de sa place dans celle-ci, conscience qui, en fonction des contextes, peut également être à la source de stratégies d’adaptation, de résistance et d’engagement dans l’action collective. La focale mise sur les sentiments moraux, qui coordonnent, dans le temps ordinaire, puis dans l’action collective, une agency politique, permet ainsi d’appréhender comment, pour ces travailleur·ses subalternes, s’agencent logiques structurelles et subjectives dans le rapport à l’engagement protestataire.
Le contrôle du renseignement français : une lutte entre l’exécutif et le législatif ?
Authors: Lafaye Caroline Guibet
Published: November 2024

Bien qu’il soit commun de considérer que les activités des services de renseignement doivent nécessairement se déployer sous le sceau du secret, nombre de pays ont adopté des dispositifs de contrôle démocratique dans le domaine. La France s’est distinguée par un singulier retard en la matière. Afin de comprendre les jeux et enjeux institutionnels autour du contrôle parlementaire de ces services en France, nous avons mené une enquête de sociologie qualitative auprès d’acteur.e.s d’institutions étatiques en charge de la lutte contre le terrorisme. L’enquête a permis de révéler des mécanismes sociaux, témoignant de l’emprise des acteurs du sécuritaire sur les champs de production législative, mais également d’un consentement du législatif à la préservation de l’autonomie de l’exécutif dans le domaine du renseignement et, corrélativement, d’un renoncement à l’exercice effectif et étendu de ses prérogatives en matière de contrôle du renseignement.
Aux origines de New York
Authors: Adane Virginie
Published: November 2024

L’imaginaire associé à New York est dominé par l’urbanité. Remonter à ses origines au xviie siècle invite, au contraire, à penser la formation d’une société nouvelle méconnue, d’abord néerlandaise, devenue anglaise à partir de 1664. Territoire parcouru par des nations iroquoises et algonquiennes, c’est en 1624, quinze ans après les voyages exploratoires de Henry Hudson, que la République des Provinces-Unies entreprend d’en exploiter les richesses locales, et d’y fonder une colonie de peuplement organisée autour d’un modèle familial. Hommes et femmes venus d’horizons européens très variés – mais aussi africains – contribuent à y faire prospérer une économie agricole et marchande. Après 1664, la colonie change de souveraineté et est progressivement incluse dans un Atlantique britannique où droit, discours et régulations morales révèlent les tensions coloniales et raciales qui caractérisent le corps social. Explorateurs, colonisateurs, marchands, marins, gouverneurs… : alors que l’histoire coloniale est bien trop souvent narrée à l’universel masculin, cet ouvrage propose d’en restaurer la mixité, incluant et donnant leur visibilité aux femmes autant qu’aux hommes, mais aussi aux normes, aux transgressions sexuelles, aux hiérarchies, aux rapports de pouvoir et aux complémentarités qui en découlent sur la longue durée.
L’économie sociale de marché à la conquête de l’Europe
Authors: Dubois Mathieu
Published: November 2024

L’Europe a fait le choix du libéralisme à travers l’adoption d’un ordre économique et social : « l’économie sociale de marché ». Ce livre raconte l’histoire de ce choix décisif pour l’européanisation des sociétés. Du marché commun à l’euro, cette convergence économique et sociale s’est opérée dans tous les pays engagés dans le processus d’unification européenne à travers l’influence d’un modèle largement inspiré par la République fédérale d’Allemagne et la version allemande du néolibéralisme, l’ordolibéralisme.À l’aune de sources inédites, cet ouvrage réévalue le rôle de l’Allemagne, de son modèle, mais aussi de sa diplomatie dans le processus d’intégration européenne. Loin de l’image d’un « nain politique » et d’une « culture diplomatique de la retenue », l’Allemagne fédérale s’est ainsi révélée l’arbitre décisif et l’initiateur patient, non d’une « Europe allemande », mais des compromis européens. Effaçant une à une les alternatives laissez-fairistes, interventionnistes, socialistes, protectionnistes et écologistes proposées à l’Ouest, au Sud et à l’Est du continent, elle a ainsi orienté le projet européen vers la construction d’une communauté économique de stabilité ouverte au marché libre et fortement intégrée à l’économie mondiale.
La lettre de l’estampe dans les représentations de Charles Ier d’Angleterre
Authors: Bourgès Nicolas
Published: November 2024

L’exécution de Charles Ier en 1649 fut à l’origine d’une grande production artistique, notamment des estampes dont la lettre révèle l’expression d’un point de vue royaliste dont l’un des principaux arguments consistait à placer la responsabilité de la mort du roi du côté des soutiens du Parlement. Plusieurs thèmes se détachent des renvois faits dans les textes – la martyrologie, le parallèle avec le Christ – et s’appuient sur l’utilisation d’un registre qui oscille entre l’accusation et le pathos. La lettre de l’estampe complète l’image pour transmettre un message politique, jusqu’à permettre au monarque de se faire entendre par l’entremise du discours direct.
Socio-Economic Importance of Inland Fishery and Adaptive Strategies of Inland Fishermen at Udawalawe Reservoir, Sri Lanka
Authors: Rathnachandra S. D. D. , Malkanthi S. H. P.
Published: November 2024

The inland fishery sector plays a pivotal role in ensuring food security and developing rural livelihoods worldwide. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the socio-economic importance of the fishermen in the Udawalawe Reservoir area by addressing weaknesses and threats associated with the inland fishery sector. According to the database of the National Aquaculture Development Authority (NAQDA), 250 fishermen were registered with the Fishermen's Society of the Udawalawe Reservoir by the year 2022. From this population, 45 fishermen were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Primary data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire survey and three focus group discussions conducted from January to March 2022. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, SWOT analysis, and thematic analysis. The findings of the fishermen’s household survey revealed that enhancing employment opportunities is considered the most important factor for improving the economic conditions of the fishermen in this area while strengthening the social network among fishermen is seen as a key aspect for improving their social conditions. The SWOT analysis identified several weaknesses, including inadequate production of high-quality fish seed for stocking, a lack of value-added products from inland fish, and limited sources of capital for research and development in inland fish farming. The identified threats include chemical pollution in water that affects fish quality, various types of predators, the dominance of marine fishery in the market, and the absence of national standards aimed at developing inland fish for both local and export markets. Thus, the proposed framework based on a systematic Plan-Do-Study-Act approach, aims to identify objectives, measure progress, and implement changes through proper stakeholder engagement, resource allocation, and an effective monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system. Thus, this framework is suggested as an adaptive strategy to enhance the socio-economic development of fishermen in this area while minimising the identified weaknesses and threats.
Factors Influencing the Customer Satisfaction of Fund Management Companies in Sri Lanka
Authors: Dangalla T. E. I. , Shantha A. A.
Published: November 2024

In recent decades, customers have emerged as a crucial force in driving business success, with customer satisfaction now playing a pivotal role in an organisation’s survival. This trend extends to fund management companies in Sri Lanka, which are highly focused on their customers’ satisfaction. Consequently, it is essential for these companies to develop a comprehensive understanding of the factors that drive customer satisfaction. This study aims to identify and examine the key elements that influence customer satisfaction specifically within the context of fund management companies. Data for the study was gathered using a structured questionnaire to select the sample. The study collected data using a structured questionnaire and selected the sample through a multistage sampling method, receiving responses from 300 customers. To analyse data, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed with all tests conducted using Minitab-17 and SamartPLS 3 statistical software. Based on factors identified from previous scholars’ literature, the result indicates that both reliability and responsiveness are statistically significant and there is a significant influence on customer satisfaction of fund management companies in Sri Lanka. However, it also revealed that both convenience and empathy had no significant impact on customer satisfaction. Among the variables examined, the reliability factor was identified as having the most substantial effect on customer satisfaction in fund management companies. In conclusion, the study highlights that among the variables examined, the reliability factor has a significant impact on customer satisfaction of fund management companies. The study recommends that the government crafts and implements new policies designed to foster growth and collaboration between fund management companies and their customers.
Pelvic floor contraction as an initial response to psycho-sensory sexual stimulation in men and a trigger for male sexual behaviour
Authors: La Pera Giuseppe , Anticoli Sabrina , Mangiardi Marilena , Livi Stefano
Published: November 2024

Introduction: This study is based on the hypothesis that, in men, the initial sexual response to erotic stimuli is triggered by a psycho-sensory pelvic reflex, mediated by the contraction of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM), rather than by an erection. Objective: The objective is to determine, using a questionnaire that evokes an erotic image, whether there is a correlation between an erotic psycho-sensory stimulus and PFM contraction in men and females and whether this contraction encourages the subject to seek sexual activity. Materials and methods: An online questionnaire was administered to 270 respondents (134 males, 136 females; mean age = 36.53, SD = 10.7; range 19-63). The questionnaire assessed the relationship between the perception of anterior PFM contraction and an evocative erotic image. Results: The results show that following an evoked erotic stimulus, there is a significantly higher prevalence of perceived genital sexual responses in males compared to females through PFM contraction. A statistically significant difference was also observed in the desire to engage in sexual activity when perceiving PFM contraction (mean: Males 2.04 ± 0.95 vs. Females 1.02 ± 0.88; p < 0.001). Conclusions: In this sample, an evocative erotic image triggers the perception of the genital sexual response via PFM contraction in more males than females. Additionally, PFM contraction, when perceived, prompts more males to seek sexual activity. These findings support the hypothesis that Pelvic Floor Muscles contraction is the initial response to psycho-sensory stimulation in men and a trigger for male sexual behaviour.
Genetic variation in GSTP1 and TBXA2R genes: influence of Badoush cement factory pollutant
Authors: Sabah Dema Mohammed , Khalil Mohammad Ibrahim
Published: November 2024

Industrial advancements, while driving economic growth, have simultaneously intensified environmental pollution levels, posing significant health risks to populations residing near industrial hubs. The release of a complex mixture of pollutants, including heavy metals, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds, has been linked to a range of adverse health outcomes, including respiratory diseases, cardiovascular complications, and cancer. The Badoush Cement Factor in Mosul city, Nineveh, Iraq, a major industrial facility, exemplifies this challenge, emitting substantial quantities of air pollutants capable of long-range transport. This study, therefore, investigated the potential gene-environment interactions focusing on TBXA2R and GSTP1 genes and contributing to respiratory health disparities among 64 employees of the Badoush Cement Factory compared to 10 control subjects. Specifically, the study employed the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain (ARMS-PCR) reaction technique to analyze the role of the TBXA2R gene, known for its involvement in bronchoconstriction and susceptibility to asthma, and the GSTP1 gene, encoding a crucial antioxidant enzyme protecting lung tissue from oxidative stress. By examining these genetic markers within the context of occupational exposure at the Badoush Cement Factory, this research aimed to elucidate the intricate interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors in determining respiratory health outcomes. The results indicated that there was no direct correlation between exposure to pollutants and genetic variation in the TBXA2R gene. However, prolonged exposure to pollutants may increase the risk of developing respiratory diseases. No significant association was found between pollutants emitted from the cement plant and genetic variation in the GSTP1 gene.
Effect of the crystalline structure of ceramic orthodontic brackets on the adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans: An in vitro study
Authors: Hasanzadeh Azhiri Aidin , Tashakor Ali , Mirmohammadi Kamal , Rasooli Reza
Published: November 2024

Background:

With recent increases in demand for the esthetic aspects of orthodontic treatments, the use of ceramic brackets has gained more popularity. Dental demineralization is a frequent, undesired effect of microbial biofilm adhesion to orthodontic appliances. The crystalline structure of ceramics results in different material properties, and its possible effect on microbial adhesion was investigated in this study.

Materials and Methods:

This research was conducted experimentally and in vitro. Samples consisted of 40 monocrystalline and 40 polycrystalline brackets, further divided into two groups incubated with either Streptococcus mutans alone or S. mutans with Candida albicans. The culture medium was Tryptic Soy Broth with 20% sucrose. All samples were incubated at 37°C for 48 h. Macroscopic detachment of the formed biofilm would be the basis for adhesion scoring. The Mann–Whitney test was used to analyze the adhesion scores. In this study, a significance level of P < 0.05 was considered.

Results:

The mean for adhesion score in S. mutans group was 1.85 ± 0.67 for the monocrystalline group and 2.35 ± 0.59 for the polycrystalline group (27% difference, P = 0.035). The adhesion score in S. mutans and C. albicans group was lower in the monocrystalline group (1.6 vs. 2.0) but was not statistically significant (P = 0.108).

Conclusion:

This study showed that monocrystalline ceramic brackets had less overall microbial biofilm adhesion compared to polycrystalline ceramic brackets, especially when incubated with S. mutans alone. This observation might be explained primarily by lower surface roughness in monocrystalline ceramics.
A study on the utility of microalbuminuria as an indicator for the assessment of severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its co-morbidities
Authors: Banur Anup , Ajit Eti , Bondade Kushal , Ayana K , Raikar Priyadarshini S. , Angadi Siddarth
Published: November 2024

Background:

Microalbuminuria (MAB) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reflects generalised endothelial dysfunction as well as systemic inflammation. It is considered a vital marker of early cardiovascular involvement and other systemic involvement in COPD. MAB can serve as a surrogate marker to predict the severity of the disease and other systemic co-morbidities amongst COPD patients. This study was carried out to study the association between MAB with COPD severity and to compare the presence of MAB in COPD patients with and without co-morbidities.

Methods:

The study included 106 COPD patients diagnosed as per the Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria. Severity was assessed with the help of GOLD staging and modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale. MAB was assessed by urine albumin–creatinine ratio (UACR) of the spot urinary sample. The presence of comorbidities assessed by history, physical examination, laboratory investigations.

Results:

MAB was evident in n/N (70.8%) patients. MAB was found in 80.6%, 79.1%, 38.1% and 0% of the patients with GOLD Stage 4, Stage 3, Stage 2 and Stage 1 COPD patients, respectively (P = 0.0001). The mean UACR was significantly higher in severe stages of COPD. A significant association of MAB with co-morbidities such as hypertension, ishaemic heart disease, dyslipidaemia and diabetes mellitus (P < 0.05) was evident.

Conclusions:

MAB could be a promising biomarker to identify COPD patients with severe disease and who are at risk of developing cardiovascular and other systemic co-morbidities.
Steroid withdrawal syndrome – A masquerading entity
Authors: Murali Sudhinder , Vidyasagar Sudha , Manavalan Savitha , Lakshminarasimhan Sriram
Published: November 2024

Steroids are commonly used for various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Abrupt cessation of treatment with corticosteroids leads to steroid withdrawal syndrome (SWS), which can be confused with metabolic encephalopathies, acute cerebrovascular accidents or sepsis by the treating physician. We report two patients of SWS who presented with varied clinical features, that constituted a diagnostic challenge to the physician.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among a rural and urban population in South India: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Vaithiyalingam Saravanan , Kesavan Sumedha , Vengadesan Murugan , Karuppaiah Kannadasan
Published: November 2024

Background:

This pandemic has been accompanied by an overabundance of misinformation, ‘infodemic’ on a global scale. The objective of the study is to explore the attitude and hesitancy of rural versus urban adults (>18 years) towards the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 disease (COVID-19) vaccine.

Methods:

A community-based analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted in rural and urban field practice area. Systematic random sampling technique was applied; face-to-face interview was conducted amongst 523 participants. The World Health Organization Strategic Advisory Group of Expert on Immunisation (SAGE) questionnaire was used.

Results:

Amongst the total participants (n = 523), 274 participants were from rural area. Amongst the rural participants, majority of the participants were male 149 (54.4%), nearly 238 (86.9%) were married and 211 (77%) belonged to nuclear family. It was found from urban 94% of the participants and 53.6% from rural were reluctant to COVID-19 vaccine. One of the important factors which gives pressure and prevents them from get vaccinated were found to be stigma and it was more common in urban (66.6%) when compared to rural (13.9%) and the family members (16.1%) were another factor of participants for not taking the vaccine. Other reasons were side effects and fear death due to vaccine from urban and rural were 50%, 19.3% and 4.8%, 13.5%, respectively.

Conclusions:

Intense behaviour change interventions must focus on trust building through active community engagement, social mobilisation and transparent dissemination of vaccine-related information.
Mobile Phone Radiation Effects on Brain with Reference to the Protective Role of Moringa oleifera: Sonographic and Histological Study
Authors: Hussein Hadeel M. , Taqa Ghada A.
Published: November 2024

Background:

Concerns regarding potential negative impacts on human health are growing as cell phone use dramatically expands worldwide. Due to the anatomical position of the brain, cell phones emit nonionizing radiofrequency waves that may have an impact on it.

Objectives:

The study aims to examine the effect of mobile phone radiation in male rats on the histological structure, and sonographic imaging of the brain of rats after mobile phone radiation exposure and investigate the ameliorating role of moringa.

Materials and Methods:

In the study, 44 male Albino rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into six groups and exposed to cell phone radiation (in the data or calling modes) for 10 weeks. The 200 mg/kg of body weight of moringa extract was administered to evaluate the protective role of the rats for 10 weeks.

Results:

A sonographic and histological analysis of the rat brain showed that rats exposed to mobile phone radiation suffered serious damage to their neurons in several parts of the brain. Meanwhile, the rats given moringa extract suffered less harm.

Conclusion:

Rats given moringa extract had less damage to neuronal architecture in their brains.
Biofilm Forming Intestinal Escherichia coli as a Risk Factor for Increasing BMI in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Hussein Sahar Salih , Tawfeeq Asal Aziz
Published: November 2024

Background:

The term diabetes mellitus (DM) describes a group of chronic diseases and metabolic disorders that accompany hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) which may be the result of an abnormality in secretion or insulin action. Diabetes type 2 is the most common type of diabetes, it usually occurs in adults but is increasingly with overweight. On the other hand, gut bacteria have a key role in the regulation of different metabolic pathways that are important in glucose homeostasis and diabetes type 2 pathogenesis.

Objectives:

This study aimed to analyze the effect certain gut and biofilm formation on the glucose homeostasis and BMI in diabetic females.

Materials and Methods:

This study included the collection of 180 samples from diabetic and non-diabetic participants (20–50 years) during the period from December 2022 to March 2023. BMI was calculated for study participants, and Escherichia coli was microbiologically and biochemically identified.

Results:

The results demonstrated a substantial (P < 0.05) increase of 80% in biofilm formation E. coli in diabetic patients with greater BMI than those without diabetes with lower BMI.

Conclusion:

This study showed a significant relationship between intestinal bacteria (specially E. coli) and diabetes causing increased BMI, leading to probable useful tools for developing strategies to prevent obesity.
Evaluation of COVID-19 Vaccination Status among University’s Students, Academic and Nonacademic Staff in Mosul, Iraq
Authors: Qutaiba Allela Omer
Published: November 2024

Background:

The future frontline combatants in the fight against pandemics will be academic and nonacademic employees and health science students. A successful vaccination program requires an understanding of the factors that influence coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine acceptance.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to examine the influences on COVID-19 vaccination among the health sciences faculty and staff at Al-Noor University College, Mosul, Iraq.

Materials and Methods:

The study was a self-administered cross-sectional online survey that included employers and Al-Noor University College health sciences students. The individuals’ important information was gathered through the survey, which covered sociodemographic traits, COVID-19 infection, and vaccinations. To identify the COVID-19 vaccination variables, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26 was used.

Results:

Most of the participants 77%, however, are single. More than 75% of participants were between the ages of 18 and 25 years; the majority were university students. Only 6% of participants held a doctor of philosophy, whereas 91% of participants were healthy. More than 80% of participants had vaccinations, with the Pfizer vaccine being the most common. Age groups and COVID-19 infection, immunizations, vaccine types, infection after vaccination, vaccination frequencies, COVID-19 infection frequencies, and period of infection were found to be significantly correlated.

Conclusion:

The health department may spread information about the COVID-19 vaccination to raise people’s impressions of their knowledge in light of the study’s findings. People could use anxiety-reduction strategies like mindfulness during the lockdown to assist them in maintaining composure and to help them analyze their coping skills concerning their vaccine confidence.
SIMULATION BASED DESIGN FOR ACTIVELY CONTROLLED SUSPENSION
SYSTEMS
Authors: Beno Joseph H. , Weeks Damon A. , Mock Jason R.
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Active and semi-active suspension systems are mechatronic systems that require a
disciplined approach to synergistically combine the traditional engineering
fields of mechanical, electronic, controls, power, systems, automotive, and
suspension. Integrating suspension design is particularly challenging because it
strongly interfaces with safety issues and driver perceptions, which are not
easily optimized. Since 1993, the University of Texas Center for
Electromechanics (UT-CEM) has successfully developed high performance active
suspension technology and systems for a wide range of military vehicles,
including small tactical trucks (e.g., HMMWV), medium tactical trucks (e.g.,
LMTV), and hybrid electric tanks (e.g., BAE’s Lancer prototype). In
addition to developing active suspension technology, UT-CEM has developed,
refined, and validated an integrated simulation based design approach for
controlled suspension systems that is the topic of this paper.
Mission-Based Scenario Research: Experimental Design and
Analysis
Authors: Vettel Jean M. , Lance Brent J. , Manteuffel Chris , Jaswa Matthew , Cannon Marcel , Johnson Tony , Paul Victor , Oie Kelvin S.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we discuss a neuroimaging experiment that employed a mission-based
scenario (MBS) design, a new approach for designing experiments in simulated
environments for human subjects [1]. This
approach aims to enhance the realism of the Soldier-task-environment interaction
by eliminating many of the tightly-scripted elements of a typical laboratory
experiment; however, the absence of these elements introduces several challenges
for both the experimental design and statistical analysis of the experimental
data. Here, we describe an MBS experiment using a simulated, closed-hatch
crewstation environment. For each experimental session, two Soldiers
participated as a Commander-Driver team to perform six simulated low-threat
security patrol missions. We discuss challenges faced while designing and
implementing the experiment before addressing analysis approaches appropriate
for this type of experimentation. We conclude by highlighting three example
transition pathways from MBS experiments to enhanced Army capabilities using a
class of neurotechnologies called Brain-Computer Interaction Technologies.
INVESTIGATING THE MOBILITY OF LIGHT AUTONOMOUS TRACKED VEHICLES USING
A HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING SIMULATION CAPABILITY
Authors: Negrut Dan , Mazhar Hammad , Melanz Daniel , Lamb David , Jayakumar Paramsothy , Letherwood Michael , Jain Abhinandan , Quadrelli Marco
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

This paper is concerned with the physics-based simulation of light tracked
vehicles operating on rough deformable terrain. The focus is on small autonomous
vehicles, which weigh less than 100 lb and move on deformable and rough terrain
that is feature rich and no longer representable using a continuum approach. A
scenario of interest is, for instance, the simulation of a reconnaissance
mission for a high mobility lightweight robot where objects such as a boulder or
a ditch that could otherwise be considered small for a truck or tank, become
major obstacles that can impede the mobility of the light autonomous vehicle and
negatively impact the success of its mission. Analyzing and gauging the mobility
and performance of these light vehicles is accomplished through a modeling and
simulation capability called Chrono::Engine. Chrono::Engine relies on parallel
execution on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) cards.
PREDICTING ERROR PROPAGATION IN AUTONOMOUS GROUND VEHICLE
SUBSYSTEMS
Authors: Carruth Daniel W. , Goodin Christopher , Dabbiru Lalitha , Scherer Nicklaus , Jayakumar Paramsothy
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Self-driving or autonomous vehicles consist of software and hardware subsystems
that perform tasks like sensing, perception, path-planning, vehicle control, and
actuation. An error in one of these subsystems may manifest itself in any
subsystem to which it is connected. Errors in sensor data propagate through the
entire software pipeline from perception to path planning to vehicle control.
However, while a small number of previous studies have focused on the
propagation of errors in pose estimation or image processing, there has been
little prior work on systematic evaluation of the propagation of errors through
the entire autonomous architecture. In this work, we present a simulation study
of error propagation through an autonomous system and work toward developing
appropriate metrics for quantifying the error at both the subsystem and system
levels. Finally, we demonstrate how the framework for analyzing error
propagation can be applied to analysis of an autonomous systems with a
lidar-based sensing and perception system.

Citation: D. W. Carruth, C. Goodin, L. Dabbiru, N. Scherer, P.
Jayakumar, “Predicting Error Propagation in Autonomous Ground Vehicle
Subsystems”, In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems
Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug.
11-13, 2020.
FAST LIDAR VEGETATION RESPONSE MODELING IN SIMULATION
Authors: Mattes Rich , Pace James
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Off-road autonomy development is increasingly leveraging simulation for its
ability to rapidly test and train new algorithms as well as simulate a wide
variety of terrains and environmental conditions. Unstructured off-road
environments require modeling complex environmental phenomena, such as LIDAR
responses from vegetation. Neya has developed an approach to characterize the
variability of measurements of vegetation and approximate the variability of
vegetation measurements using that characterization. This method adds a small
overhead to existing LIDAR models, works with many types of LIDAR sensor models,
and simply requires objects to be tagged in the environment as vegetation for
the sensor models to respond appropriately.

Citation: R. Mattes, J. Pace, “Fast LIDAR Vegetation
Response Modeling in Simulation”, In Proceedings of the Ground
Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS),
NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 10-12, 2021.
Ouverture de “Management Science in Transition: Challenges for Global Research”
Authors: Brondoni Silvio M. , Bellini Nicola
Published: November 2024

This Issue of Symphonya.Emerging Issue in Management arises from the needs and concerns expressed by a growing number of researchers, especially young people in the early stages of their academic careers, of not being able to publish their scientific works due to the high costs required by the largest international publishers. In the eighties, with the massive help of electronic publishing, large commercial publishing houses have increased their control of the science system. The proportion of the scientific output published in journals under their ownership has risen steadily over the past 40 years. Where is the business research system going to? So, how to proceed now? Journals taking large fees without providing robust editorial or publishing services has created what some have called an age of academic racketeering. How can we return to the centrality of the science of management, without the commercial and profit conditioning created by the biggest publishers? First of all, it is now essential that the American and European Antitrust Authorities activate antimonopoly measures on an international scale. However, anti-cartel measures are not sufficient. Without any doubt, in order to ensure a robust progress of the science of management, and more generally of the sciences and of humanity as a whole, scientific research must return to a centrality of universities and research centers, with the predominance of researchers affiliated to international schools of thought and with autonomous and authoritative journals.
Variación de la inflación en Ecuador durante el período 2000-2020
Authors: Aguilar Bazarán Joel Byron , León Serrano Lady Andrea , Bazarán Rueda Julecxi Jacqueline , Encalada Gonzalez Jhonny Joel , Mora Jiménez Miguel Geovanny
Published: November 2024

La inflación es un indicador macroeconómico esencial que refleja las variaciones en los precios de bienes y servicios, impactando directamente el poder adquisitivo y la estabilidad económica de un país. El propósito de este estudio consiste en analizar las fluctuaciones de la inflación en Ecuador durante el período 2000-2020, destacando su relación con la dolarización y otros factores macroeconómicos. La metodología empleada es descriptiva y bibliográfica, se emplearon datos obtenidos de fuentes oficiales del Banco Mundial e INEC, complementados con literatura académica relevante. Los resultados evidenciaron que la dolarización implementada en el año 2000 fue determinante para reducir significativamente los niveles inflacionarios, estabilizando los precios y contribuyendo al equilibrio macroeconómico. Durante las dos décadas analizadas, se observaron variaciones mínimas en la inflación, influenciadas por factores internos y externos, como políticas fiscales, precios internacionales del petróleo y crisis económicas globales. Se concluye que el control inflacionario, junto con la estabilidad monetaria, ha sido clave para moderar el impacto de la inflación en el consumo, el empleo y el crecimiento económico de Ecuador.
Effect of Covid-19 Prevention and Control Policies in Nigeria: A Case Study of Jaba Local Government Area of Kaduna State
Authors: Ibrahim Tanimu , Benjamin Bako , Ezekiel Friday , Dauda Jakada Sunday
Published: November 2024

This study was carried out on the effect of covid-19 prevention and control policies in Nigeria a case study of Jaba local Government area of Kaduna state. To achieve this objective, the researcher developed and administered a questionnaire on one hundred and fifty people of Jaba local Government area of Kaduna state. The Chi-square was used in testing the hypothesis. From the study, It was observed The COVID-19 prevention and control policies are not implemented in Jaba Local Government Area are sufficient to protect the health and safety of residents. It was observed that The communication and information about COVID-19 prevention and control polices in Jaba Local Government Area is clear and easily accessible. This study shows The enforcement of COVID-19 Prevention and control policies in Jaba Local Government Area is consistent and fair. The study recommended that Strengthen health infrastructure: It is essential to invest in and improve the healthcare infrastructure in Jaba Local Government Area. This includes increasing the number of healthcare facilities, equipping them with necessary resources, and ensuring the availability of medical personnel. Enhancing the capacity for testing, treatment, and isolation will better prepare the area to handle future outbreaks effectively. Community engagement and education: Continuously engage and educate the community on COVID-19 prevention and control measures. This can be achieved through sustained public health campaigns, community outreach programs, and the use of local media channels. Emphasize the importance of mask-wearing, hand hygiene, social distancing, and vaccination to maintain awareness and compliance among the residents. Strengthen testing and surveillance: Improve the testing capacity and surveillance systems in Jaba Local Government Area. This involves establishing more testing centers, increasing the availability of testing kits, and training healthcare workers on effective testing and contact tracing methods. Strengthening surveillance systems will enable early detection, timely isolation, and contact tracing to prevent the spread of the virus. Strengthen enforcement and compliance: Enhance efforts to enforce compliance with COVID-19 prevention and control measures. This can be achieved through collaborations between local authorities, community leaders, and law enforcement agencies. Strict enforcement of guidelines, such as mask mandates and restrictions on public gatherings, should be accompanied by public awareness campaigns to emphasize their importance.
The Effects of Different Doses of eCG Injection on Reproductive Parameters in Nulliparous Merino Ewes During the Non- Breeding Season
Authors: Akbulut Neffel Kürşat , Kutlu Metehan
Published: November 2024

In this study, the effects of adding 400, 500, and 600 IU eCG to progesterone treatment on rate of estrus, conception, pregnancy, fetal mortality, lambing, multiple birth and litter size in nulliparous Merino ewes the out of breeding season were investigated. A total of 90 nulliparous Merino ewes were utilized in the study. On day 0, a vaginal sponge containing 60 mg medroxyprogesterone
acetate was inserted for a seven-day period. Ewes were randomly divided into three groups at the time of sponge removal. Group I (G-400), comprising 30 ewes, received 400 IU of eCG. Group II (G-500) received 500 IU of eCG (n=30), while Group III (G-600) received 600 IU of eCG (n=30). The statistical analysis revealed that the conception rates between the groups were statistically higher in the G-600 group than in the G-400 and G-500 groups (G-400 vs. G-600, P=0.091; G-500 vs. G-600, P=0.080). Pregnancy rates between the groups were found to be statistically higher in the G-600 group than in the G-400 group (P