bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FÁZOVÉ SLOŽENÍ STŘEDOVĚKÝCH STRUSEK PO TAVBĚ Pb-Ag RUD Z HUTNICKÉHO AREÁLU PLANDRY U JIHLAVY
Authors: Kapusta Jaroslav , Dolníček Zdeněk , Malý Karel
Published: March 2013

Slags after silver smelting from the metallurgical site Plandry near Jihlava were examined in order to assess the conditions of smelting and composition of the charge. Samples were studied by a polarizing microscope in transmitted and refl ected light and selected phases were analyzed using electron microprobe. Two different types of slag were specifi ed on the basis of their phase composition. The first is made up of glass, olivine, and sulphides. In the second type, olivine and glass predominate and spinelide, K-Ba-feldspar, leucite, and sulphides are present in less quantity. Sulphides are present as droplets formed by the Cu-Fe-S matrix with inclusions of shandite, sphalerite, and an unknown Cu-Pb-S phase. Slag contains also relicts of unmelted quartz and chromspinel. The presence of Fe3+ in newly formed spinelide reflects at least partially oxic conditions during melting. The mesothermal type of ore with gangue formed by quartz, barite, and carbonate of the dolomite-ankerite series was probably processed. Low contents of lead in glass as well as low volume of Pb-Ag-bearing sulphides reflect good yield of metals of interest (Pb, Ag). Slags represent a potential environmental hazard due to relatively high contents of Zn (up to 6.6 wt. % ZnO in the glass).
EXTRATERESTRICKÉ BAZALTY NWA 5235 A HaH 286 A JEJICH POROVNÁNÍ S MORAVSKÝM METEORITEM STONAŘOV
Authors: Šimčíková Magdalena
Published: March 2013

Moravian meteorite Stannern is the only one meteorite fallen into our region which represents achondrite group of meteorites. This meteorite is very unique due to its composition and it is one of the most examined meteorite - eucrite in the world. Samples of eucrites NWA 5235 and HaH 286 found in african deserts were studied and compared with Stannern trend eucrites. NWA 5235 is relatively fresh, HaH 286 is weakly weathered, with fractures fi lled by calcite. Electron microprobe analyses showed that these meteorites represent typical non cumulate basalts which fall within main trend eucrites. They mainly consist of pyroxenes (low-Ca pyroxenes and augites) and plagioclase (bytownite – anorthite). Accessories include ilmenite, chromite, rarely silica phase, troilite and metal Fe. The bulk composition of these samples has been determined for major elements. Research of these meteorites helps to understand the petrological context of their parent bodies. It also leads to understanding of magmatic processes of asteroid 4 Vesta which is believeded to be the parent body of the eucrites.
Use Risk Assessment to Plan for the Future
Authors: Marcy Samantha , Wright Ian , Shiskowski Dean , Olson Doug , O'Driscoll Jeff , Murray Kate , Lapp David
Published: March 2013

The City of Calgary used an established protocol to determine how anticipated climate change will affect its water supply infrastructure and to highlight which elements are most vulnerable.
Shaft Grounding Solves Pump Motor Failures
Authors: Willwerth Adam
Published: March 2013

Although destructive currents can occur in any motor, they're more common in motors controlled by energy‐saving variable frequency drives, which help control motor speed or torque. Faced with several pump motor failures, a Kansas utility partnered with a motor shop to solve the problem.
Učestalost karcinoma dojke u opštini Prijedor u periodu 2004-2008. godina
Authors: Đukić Biljana , Hotić-Lazarević Sandra , Kecman-Prodan Sanja
Published: March 2013

Uvod. Rak dojke je najčešći maligni tumor kod žena i najčešći uzrok smrtnostiu dobi između 45-55 godina. U svijetu se godišnje registruje oko milion novooboljelih.U razvijenim zemljama smrtnost je znatno smanjena i iznosi oko25% zahvaljujući ranoj detekciji i savremenoj terapiji. Cilj rada je da se utvrdiučestalost tumora dojke u opštini Prijedor u periodu od 2004-2008. godine.Metode. Svi podaci su prikupljeni u Higijensko-epidemiološkoj službi Domazdravlja Prijedor u periodu 2004-2008. godine. Svim oboljelim je utvrđenadob, pol i godina oboljevanja.Rezultati. U navedenom periodu oboljelo je 90 bolesnika, u znatno većempostotku žene u odnosu na muškarce. Najveći broj oboljelih žena je u starosnojdobi od 50-59 godina. U 2004. godini utvrđen je najveći broj oboljelih -24,7%, nešto manji u 2005. godini - 23,5% , a najmanji u 2007. godini - 10,1%. Uodnosu na zanimanje, najviše su oboljele žene iz kategorije domaćica (48,3%),a najmanje zaposlene žene sa višom i visokom stručnom spremom (4,4%). Useoskim područjima je registrovano oboljenje kod 34 žene ili 38,2%, dok jeveći procenat zabilježen u gradskom području 62,9%.Zaključak. Procenat oboljevanja od tumora dojke je visok. Žene oboljevaju uznatno većem procentu u odnosu na muškarce. Najveći broj oboljelih je registrovanu 2004. godini. Žene iz kategorije domaćica, kao i žene iz gradskogpodručja su oboljele u većem procentu.Ključne riječi: karcinom dojke, incidenca,
Mulheres Brasileiras na divisão internacional do trabalho reprodutivo: construindo subjetividade(s)
Authors: Carpenedo Manoela , Nardi Henrique Caetano
Published: March 2013

This study aims to comprehend how Brazilian transnational domestic workers are subjectivated through migration, gender and reproductive work. Through Foucault’s argumentation on the production of subjectivities, this research analyzes the effects of the migration in the life of eight Brazilian women working in the Parisian reproductive sector. As the findings suggest, the migration can be characterized by a multifaceted set of experiences and elaborations that respond not only to oppressive and an exploitative regimes but also provide domestic workers, to some extent, with spaces of resistance which enable them to recreate their lives through migration in a freer way to deal with the respective processes of subjectification. On the one hand, Brazilian migrant domestic workers experience subordination and exploitation in their employment in Paris. Their status as illegal immigrants, lack of rights, informal labor contracts, restricted job opportunities, and unequal relationships between employer and employee contribute to their exploitation and subordination. On the other hand, despite their precarious situations, migrant domestic workers are able to reinvent themselves through a set of resistance strategies.
Trabajo doméstico-trabajo afectivo: sobre heteronormatividad y la colonialidad del trabajo en el contexto de las políticas migratorias de la UE
Authors: Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Encarnación
Published: March 2013

The increasing inclusion of women into the labour market, the aging of the population, and the austerity measures affecting the public care system in the European Union have propelled the demand for domestic and care workers in the last decades. A large number of private households are choosing to employ women to provide these services. Often, those employed are migrant women who, in some cases, reside in Europe without legal resident status. As undocumented migrants, these women lack legal protection as workers. This paper will focus on this lack of protection by studying the case of Latin American undocumented female migrants employed as domestic workers in private households in Western Europe. The focus of the paper will be the affective relationship between domestic workers and their employers. Understanding this relationship within the context of the feminization of labour, the heteronormative arrangement underlying the personal interactions in private households and the differential hierarchies established through EU migration policies, this article proposes as an analytical framework the exploration the intersections between heteronormativity and Quijano’s coloniality of power. The article engages with the affective dimension of domestic work and proposes domestic work as affective labour. It concludes with some thoughts on the ethico-political dimension of affects.
Assessment of comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge level among in‐school adolescents in eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Oljira Lemessa , Berhane Yemane , Worku Alemayehu
Published: March 2013

Introduction

In Ethiopia, more adolescents are in school today than ever before; however, there are no studies that have assessed their comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Thus, this study tried to assess the level of this knowledge and the factors associated with it among in‐school adolescents in eastern Ethiopia.

Methods

A cross‐sectional school‐based study was conducted using a facilitator‐guided self‐administered questionnaire. The respondents were students attending regular school in 14 high schools located in 14 different districts in eastern Ethiopia. The proportion of in‐school adolescents with comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge was computed and compared by sex. The factors that were associated with the comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge were assessed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression.

Results

Only about one in four, 677 (24.5%), in‐school adolescents have comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. The knowledge was better among in‐school adolescents from families with a relatively middle or high wealth index (adjusted OR [95% CI]=1.39 [1.03–1.87] and 1.75 [1.24–2.48], respectively), who got HIV/AIDS information mainly from friends or mass media (adjusted OR [95% CI]=1.63 [1.17–2.27] and 1.55 [1.14–2.11], respectively) and who received education on HIV/AIDS and sexual matters at school (adjusted OR [95% CI]=1.59 [1.22–2.08]). The females were less likely to have comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge compared to males (adjusted OR and [95% CI]=0.60 [0.49–0.75]).

Conclusions

In general, only about a quarter of in‐school adolescents had comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. Although the female adolescents are highly vulnerable to HIV infection and its effects, they were by far less likely to have comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. HIV/AIDS information, education and communication activities need to be intensified in high schools.
Electron beam and UV cationic polymerization of glycidyl ethers – PART I: Reaction of monofunctional phenyl glycidyl ether
Authors: Mascioni Matteo , Ghosh Narendra N. , Sands James M. , Palmese Giuseppe R.
Published: March 2013

Investigations of electron beam (e‐beam) and ultra violet (UV)‐induced cationic polymerization kinetics of a mono‐functional epoxy system, phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE), were conducted using real time in situ near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Effects of processing variables such as temperature and dose rate on initiation and propagation rate constants have been assessed. The experimental results and results from a simple mathematical model developed to predict the reaction behavior under continuous irradiation showed very good agreement. This work provides a basis for investigating the cure behavior of more complex and industrially relevant crosslinking epoxy systems where diffusion limitations play an important role as discussed in PART II. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Preparation of a unique, multihollow‐core honeycomb structure via the unidirectional freezing of a binary solvent system
Authors: Okaji Rika , Taki Kentaro , Nagamine Shinsuke , Ohshima Masahiro
Published: March 2013

Unidirectional freezing is a simple and environmentally friendly method for preparing polymeric porous materials from polymer solutions for use in various applications. In this study, a unique, multihollow‐core honeycomb structure was prepared from diurethandimethacrylate (DUDM) in a 1,4‐dioxane (Dx) and tertiary butanol (TBA) binary solvent system via unidirectional freezing, subsequent photopolymerization and freeze‐drying. The multihollow‐core honeycomb consists of two different hollow tubular structures: one structure is noncircular with an atypical cross‐sectional area, and the other is circular and measures approximately 5–10 μm in diameter. Both structures are aligned parallel to the freezing direction. These hollow structures were formed by using the sequential growth of Dx and TBA crystals as a template. During the unidirectional freezing process, the Dx crystals grew in the solution along the freezing direction and expelled DUDM and TBA from its crystalline phase into the solution. When the freezing temperature was further decreased, small, needle‐shaped TBA crystals grew along the freezing direction and were confined by the Dx crystals. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Preparation of SiC whisker and application in reinforce of polystyrene resin composite materials
Authors: Zhang Nianchun , Yu Aixia , Liang Aihui , Zhang Renbo , Xue Feng , Ding Enyong
Published: March 2013

A simple approach to fabricate silicon carbide (SiC) whisker is reported via using cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) as templates. The CNC with a length between 2 and 4 μm and a width about 40 nm is prepared by hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in strong sulfuric acid condition. The sol–gel reaction of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) is employed to coat the CNC in the presence of acetic acid as acid catalyst. The SiC whisker is obtained by calcination of CNC/SiO2 hybrid at 1200°C. The obtained SiC whisker is found to have uniform size and shape with a length of ca. 2–4 μm and a width of 40 ± 5 nm. XRD, SEM, TEM (HRTEM), SAED, EDX and FTIR are used to characterize the samples. The obtained SiC whisker is used in polystyrene (PS) resin toughened. And mechanical properties of SiC/PS composites are tested by tensile impact experiments. The test results show that the 5 wt. % SiC whisker particles can disperse homogeneously in the PS resins which use a silane coupling agent (KF9701) as compatibilizer. Our results also show that the SiC whisker is excellent reinforcing material, which the tensile strength of SiC/PS composites attains 110 MPa and the Izod notched impact strength attains 5.00 KJ/m2. Comparing the pure PS resin, the tensile impact of SiC(5)/PS(94.5)/KF9701(0.5) composites can be increased by about 3 times and the Izod notched impact strength can be increased about 8 times. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Efficient Total Synthesis and Biological Activities of 6‐Deoxyisojacareubin
Authors: Dai Ming , Yuan Xing , Zhu Zhi‐Jun , Shan Lei , Liu Run‐Hui , Sun Qing‐Yan , Zhang Wei‐Dong
Published: March 2013

6‐Deoxyisojacareubin was directly synthesized in a six‐step route with an overall yield of about 20%. In this route, the excellent site selectivity of this Claisen rearrangement‐cyclization reaction cascade was achieved by inserting a bulky p‐tosyl group into the free 1‐OH, and in the last step, some efficient demethylation methods were explored. Furthermore, all synthesized intermediates including 6‐deoxyisojacareubin were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against the QGY‐7703 cell line. Of these, compound 1 and 6‐deoxyisojacareubin showed moderate activities with IC50 values of 39.61 and 9.65 µM, respectively, when compared to the positive control 5‐fluorouracil with an IC50 value of 11.24 µM. Further investigation using non‐radioactive detection of protein kinase C (PKC) suggested that these two compounds possessed potency in the inhibition of PKC.
Are all regions of folded proteins that undergo ligand‐dependent order–disorder transitions targets for allosteric peptide mimetics?
Authors: Fenton Aron W.
Published: March 2013

Although the classical view of how proteins function relied on well folded structures, it is now recognized that the functions of many proteins are dependent on being intrinsically disordered. The primary consideration in this work is the intermediate group of proteins that are overall well folded, but which contain small regions that undergo order–disorder transitions. In particular, the current focus is on those order–disorder transitions that are energetically coupled to ligand binding. As exemplified by the case of human liver pyruvate kinase (hL‐PYK), peptides that mimic the sequence of the order–disorder region can be used as allosteric regulators of the enzyme. On the basis of this example and others reported in the literature, we propose that a similar use of peptides that mimic protein regions that experience ligand‐dependent order–disorder transitions can be a generalized initiation point for the development of allosteric drugs. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 100: 553–557, 2013.
Muscle ring finger 1 and muscle ring finger 2 are necessary but functionally redundant during developmental cardiac growth and regulate E2F1‐mediated gene expression in vivo
Authors: Willis Monte S. , Wadosky Kristine M. , Rodríguez Jessica E. , Schisler Jonathan C. , Lockyer Pamela , Hilliard Eleanor G. , Glass David J. , Patterson Cam
Published: March 2013

Aims

Muscle ring finger (MuRF) proteins have been implicated in the transmission of mechanical forces to nuclear cell signaling pathways through their association with the sarcomere. We recently reported that MuRF1, but not MuRF2, regulates pathologic cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. This was surprising given that MuRF1 and MuRF2 interact with each other and many of the same sarcomeric proteins experimentally.

Methods and Results

Mice missing all four MuRF1 and MuRF2 alleles [MuRF1/MuRF2 double null (DN)] were born with a massive spontaneous hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and heart failure; mice that were null for one of the genes but heterozygous for the other (i.e. MuRF1−/−//MuRF2+/− or MuRF1+/−//MuRF2−/−) were phenotypically identical to wild‐type mice. Microarray analysis of genes differentially‐expressed between MuRF1/MuRF2 DN, mice missing three of the four alleles and wild‐type mice revealed a significant enrichment of genes regulated by the E2F transcription factor family. More than 85% of the differentially‐expressed genes had E2F promoter regions (E2f:DP; P < 0.001). Western analysis of E2F revealed no differences between MuRF1/MuRF2 DN hearts and wild‐type hearts; however, chromatin immunoprecipitation studies revealed that MuRF1/MuRF2 DN hearts had significantly less binding of E2F1 in the promoter regions of genes previously defined to be regulated by E2F1 (p21, Brip1 and PDK4, P < 0.01).

Conclusions

These studies suggest that MuRF1 and MuRF2 play a redundant role in regulating developmental physiologic hypertrophy, by regulating E2F transcription factors essential for normal cardiac development by supporting E2F localization to the nucleus, but not through a process that degrades the transcription factor. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Post‐Synthetic Monovalent Central‐Metal Exchange, Specific I2 Sensing, and Polymerization of a Catalytic [3×3] Grid of [CuII5CuI4L6]⋅(I)2⋅13 H2O
Authors: Han Yi , Chilton Nicholas F. , Li Ming , Huang Chao , Xu Hong , Hou Hongwei , Moubaraki Boujemaa , Langley Stuart K. , Batten Stuart R. , Fan Yaoting , Murray Keith S.
Published: March 2013

From a predesigned grid, [CuII5CuI4L6]⋅(I)2⋅13 H2O (1), in which LH2 was a pyrazinyl‐triazolyl‐2,6‐substituted pyridine, we successfully synthesized an extended 3D complex, 1∞[{CuII5CuI8L6}{μ‐[CuI3(CN)6]}2⋅2 CH3‐ CN] (2), that displayed unprecedented coexistence of all the five known coordination geometries of copper. Grid 1 displayed monovalent central metal exchange (CME) of CuI for AgI for the first time, as well as the formation of tri‐iodide in the crystalline state. These systems were investigated for their magnetic properties. Remarkably, grid 1 showed much higher catalytic activity than the Ag‐exchanged product for synthesis of a substituted triazole, 1‐benzyl‐4‐phenyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole.
A Continuous‐Flow Process for the Synthesis of Artemisinin
Authors: Kopetzki Daniel , Lévesque François , Seeberger Peter H.
Published: March 2013

Isolation of the most effective antimalarial drug, artemisinin, from the plant sweet wormwood, does not yield sufficient quantities to provide the more than 300 million treatments needed each year. The high prices for the drug are a consequence of the unreliable and often insufficient supply of artemisinin. Large quantities of ineffective fake drugs find a market in Africa. Semisynthesis of artemisinin from inactive biological precursors, either dihydroartemisinic acid (DHAA) or artemisinic acid, offers a potentially attractive route to increase artemisinin production. Conversion of the plant waste product, DHAA, into artemisinin requires use of photochemically generated singlet oxygen at large scale. We met this challenge by developing a one‐pot photochemical continuous‐flow process for the semisynthesis of artemisinin from DHAA that yields 65 % product. Careful optimization resulted in a process characterized by short residence times. A method to extract DHAA from the mother liquor accumulated during commercial artemisinin extractions, a material that is currently discarded as waste, is also reported. The synthetic continuous‐flow process described here is an effective means to supplement the limited availability of artemisinin and ensure increased supplies of the drug for those in need.
ChemInform Abstract: Pressure‐Induced Valence and Structural Changes in YbMn2Ge2—Inelastic X‐Ray Spectroscopy and Theoretical Investigations.
Authors: Kumar Ravhi S. , et al. et al.
Published: March 2013

Pressure induced changes in the electronic structure of the title compound are investigated using high pressure XRD, resonant X‐ray emission spectroscopy, and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy in the partial fluorescence yield mode for pressures from ambient to 40 GPa.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Multifunctional Tetragonal Eu:GdPO4 Nanocubes for Optical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications.
Authors: Rodriguez‐Liviano Sonia , Becerro Ana I. , Alcantara David , Grazu Valeria , de la Fuente Jesus M. , Ocana Manuel
Published: March 2013

The title nanocubes are prepared by microwave‐assisted heating of Gd(acac)3, Eu(acac)3, and H3PO4 dissolved in butylene glycol (microwaves, autoclave, 120 °C, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: High Magnetic Moments in Manganese‐Doped Silicon Clusters.
Authors: Ngan Vu Thi , Janssens Ewald , Claes Pieterjan , Lyon Jonathan T. , Fielicke Andre , Nguyen Minh Tho , Lievens Peter
Published: March 2013

Manganese‐doped silicon clusters SinMn+ (n = 6—10, 12—14, 16) are characterized by IR multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Gibbs Energies of Formation of the Intermetallic Compounds of U—Sn System.
Authors: Pattanaik Ashit K. , Kandan R. , Nagarajan K. , Rao P. R. Vasudeva
Published: March 2013

Gibbs energies of formation of USn3, U3Sn7, USn2, and USn are determined using high temperature molten salt galvanic cells, U(s)//UCl3 in LiCl—KCl (eutectic)//U—Sn alloy.
ChemInform Abstract: Si/Mesoporous Carbon Composite as an Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries.
Authors: Shen Xueyang , Mu Daobin , Chen Shi , Xu Bin , Wu Borong , Wu Feng
Published: March 2013

Si/mesoporous carbon composite is prepared from a mixture of SiO2 powder, Mg powder, and mesoporous carbon heated in a tube furnace at 650 °C for 6 h under Ar.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Oxidation of Soot over Alkaline Niobates.
Authors: Pecchi G. , Cabrera B. , Buljan A. , Delgado E. J. , Gordon A. L. , Jimenez R.
Published: March 2013

MNbO3 powders (M: Li, Na, K, Rb) are synthesized by a citrate method and calcined at 450, 550, 650, and 750 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Computed Stability, and Crystal Structure of a New Family of Inorganic Compounds: Carbonophosphates.
Authors: Chen Hailong , Hautier Geoffroy , Ceder Gerbrand
Published: March 2013

The carbonophosphates Na3M(PO4)(CO3) (M: Mg, Sr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) are hydrothermally synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: The Unprecedented Tetrakis‐(disulfato)‐silicate Anion [Si(S2O7)4]4‐, Its Germanium Congener [Ge(S2O7)4]4‐, and the Tris‐(disulfato)‐metallates [M(S2O7)3]2‐ (M: Si, Ge, Ti), Stabilized by Divalent Counter Cations B2+ (B: Sr, Ba, Pb).
Authors: Logemann Christian , Riess Katja , Wickleder Mathias S.
Published: March 2013

The compounds Sr2[M(S2O7)4] (M: Si, Ge), Ba[M(S2O7)3] (M: Si, Ge, Ti), and Pb[M(S2O7)3] (M: Ge, Ti) are prepared by reaction of MCl4 (M: Si, Ge, Ti) and BX (B: Sr, Ba, Pb; X: CO3, SO4) with oleum (sealed glass ampules, 100—250 °C, 12—14 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Amidation of Aldehydes and Alcohols Through α‐Iminonitriles and a Sequential Oxidative Three‐Component Strecker Reaction/Thio‐Michael Addition/Alumina‐Promoted Hydrolysis Process to Access β‐Mercaptoamides from Aldehydes, Amines, and Thiols.
Authors: Gualtierotti Jean‐Baptiste , Schumacher Xavier , Fontaine Patrice , Masson Geraldine , Wang Qian , Zhu Jieping
Published: March 2013

Microwave‐assisted amidation of aldehydes with amines is not applicable to aromatic aldehydes because products decompose under conditions used.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Catalyzed Direct Addition of Terminal Alkynes to Simple Cyclic Ketones in Water.
Authors: Jia Zhenhua , Li Xingshu , Chan Albert S. C. , Li Chao‐Jun
Published: March 2013

Under conditions A), cyclohexane (Ia) and some derivatives (no stereochemistries indicated) can be easily transformed to propargyl alcohol systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Cross‐Coupling of Allylboronic Acid Pinacol Ester Derivatives with Aryl Halides via Pd‐PEPPSI‐IPent.
Authors: Farmer Jennifer L. , Hunter Howard N. , Organ Michael G.
Published: March 2013

This highly reliable protocol for selective α‐allylation of aromatic halides relies on the utilization of the sterically bulky catalyst PPI.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐ and Phosphine‐Ligand‐Free Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Allylation of Electron‐Deficient Polyfluoroarenes with Allylic Chlorides.
Authors: Yu Yan‐Bo , Fan Shilu , Zhang Xingang
Published: March 2013

The presented direct allylation with allylic chlorides is applicable to various electron‐deficient polyfluoroarenes and works even with so‐called ′inert′ polyfluoroarenes like (XIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic, Oxidative, Intermolecular Amination and Hydrazination of Simple Arenes at Ambient Temperature.
Authors: Samanta Rajarshi , Bauer Jonathan O. , Strohmann Carsten , Antonchick Andrey P.
Published: March 2013

A new, mild, efficient, and environmentally friendly method renders possible the preparation of anilines and aromatic hydrazines from non‐prefunctionalized arenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Insight into the Regioselectivity of Nucleophilic Ring‐Opening of Azetidinium Ions Containing Quaternary Carbon Atoms.
Authors: Drouillat Bruno , Wright Karen , David Olivier , Couty Francois
Published: March 2013

Title compounds are treated with three different nucleophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Mediated Heck‐Type Reactions of [(Bromodifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]benzene: Synthesis of α‐Alkenyl‐ and α‐Heteroaryl‐Substituted α,α‐Difluoromethyl Phenyl Sulfones.
Authors: Surapanich Nakin , Kuhakarn Chutima , Pohmakotr Manat , Reutrakul Vichai
Published: March 2013

For the first time the palladium‐mediated oxidative addition of the (phenylsulfonyl)difluoromethylene group to olefins is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Functionalized Organoaluminum Reagents.
Authors: Groll Klaus , Bluemke Tobias D. , Unsinn Andreas , Haas Diana , Knochel Paul
Published: March 2013

A broad spectrum of aromatic or benzylic aluminum reagents, generated in situ from different types of substrates is demonstrated to give the expected products.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Cross‐Coupling of Secondary Organotrifluoroborates: Potassium 1‐(Benzyloxy)alkyltrifluoroborates.
Authors: Molander Gary A. , Wisniewski Steven R.
Published: March 2013

A method for the direct installation of a secondary alcohol through a Suzuki—Miyaura reaction (after deprotection) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Intramolecular Carbene C—H Insertion Catalyzed by Rhodium(III) Porphyrin Complexes.
Authors: Lo Vanessa Kar‐Yan , Thu Hung‐Yat , Chan Yu‐Man , Lam Tsz‐Lung , Yu Wing‐Yiu , Che Chi‐Ming
Published: March 2013

Among some Rh(III)‐porphyrin complexes tested, (I) is found to be the most efficient catalyst for the intramolecular carbene C—H insertion of α‐diazoacetamides to form β‐ or γ‐lactams with high diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Incorporation of Ketones to Cyclic Hemiaminals for the Synthesis of Versatile Alkaloid Precursors.
Authors: Shi Shi‐Liang , Wei Xiao‐Feng , Shimizu Yohei , Kanai Motomu
Published: March 2013

The first general catalytic enantioselective procedure for introducing various ketones to N‐heterocycles with differing ring sizes is developed from stable and easily available cyclic hemiaminals and ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition via in situ Formed Ketimine Ylides.
Authors: Cheng Yu , Liu Ya‐Nan , Ye Jia , He Long , Kang Tai‐Ran , Liu Quan‐Zhong
Published: March 2013

Reaction of unsaturated keto esters with glycine derivative (II) is investigated with a view to obtaining the corresponding Michael adducts.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Conversion of Indoles to 3,3‐Difluoro‐2‐oxindoles via Electrophilic Fluorination.
Authors: Lim Yee Hwee , Ong Qunxiang , Duong Hung A. , Nguyen Tuan Minh , Johannes Charles W.
Published: March 2013

The presence of tert‐butyl hydroperoxide and the final heating with triethylamine are crucial for high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Desulfurization—Oxygenation of Chiral 1,3‐Thiazolidine‐2‐thiones and 1,3‐Oxazolidine‐2‐thiones Using Propylene Oxide and Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Minor‐Villar Leticia , Tello‐Aburto Rodolfo , Olivo Horacio F. , Fuentes Aydee , Romero‐Ortega Moises
Published: March 2013

The sequence can be performed under conventional heating and microwave irradiation to produce the target compounds, which are required as chiral auxiliaries or, such as example (IV), additionally as antibiotic agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Huisgen and Oxidative Huisgen Coupling Reactions Controlled by Polysiloxane‐Supported Amines (AFPs) for the Divergent Synthesis of Triazoles and Bistriazoles.
Authors: Zheng Zhan‐Jiang , Ye Fei , Zheng Long‐Sheng , Yang Ke‐Fang , Lai Guo‐Qiao , Xu Li‐Wen
Published: March 2013

Depending on the ligand used, this method yields either bistriazoles via an oxidative Huisgen coupling reaction or triazoles via a classic Huisgen reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A Short Asymmetric Synthesis of the Benzopyrano[3,4‐c]pyrrolidine Core via an Organocatalytic Domino Oxa‐Michael/Michael Reaction.
Authors: Wang Chuan , Yang Xuena , Raabe Gerhard , Enders Dieter
Published: March 2013

An asymmetric synthesis of 3,4‐trans‐disubstituted chromans (III) employing nitrovinylphenols (I) and acrolein (II) as precursors is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Greener Synthesis of 1,8‐Dioxo‐octahydroxanthene Derivatives under Ultrasound.
Authors: Mulakayala Naveen , Kumar G. Pavan , Rambabu D. , Aeluri Madhu , Rao M. V. Basaveswara , Pal Manojit
Published: March 2013

CAN is described as efficient catalyst under the optimized conditions which avoid the use of harmful solvents such as the chlorinated ones.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regio‐, Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective One‐Pot Gold/Chiral Broensted Acid‐Catalyzed Cascade Synthesis of Bioactive Diversely Substituted Tetrahydroquinolines.
Authors: Liu Xin‐Yuan , Xiao Ya‐Ping , Siu Fung‐Ming , Ni Li‐Chen , Chen Yong , Wang Lin , Che Chi‐Ming
Published: March 2013

This provides access to tetrahydroquinolines possessing one or two stereocenters at different positions as well as highly divergent functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphane‐Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulation of Allenoates with Ketimines: Synthesis of Sultam‐Fused Tetrahydropyridines.
Authors: Chen Xiang‐Yu , Ye Song
Published: March 2013

The synthesis of functionalized tetrahydropyridines in good yield with moderate to excellent regioselectivity via cycloaddition of allenoates and ketimines is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver Triflate‐Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of N′‐(2‐Alkynylbenzylidene)hydrazide with Pyridyne.
Authors: Jiang Lingyong , Yu Xingxin , Fang Bing , Wu Jie
Published: March 2013

The reaction of (alkynylbenzylidene)hydrazines (I), bearing either alkyl or phenyl substituents on the triple bond, with pyridine derivative (II) works well to produce the pyridine‐fused pyrazoloisoquinolines in good yields, although the transformations occur not regioselectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Ring‐Fused Tetrahydroquinolines Using Organocatalytic Enantioselective Conjugate Addition and Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling.
Authors: Gwon Sung Hyuk , Kim Sung‐Gon
Published: March 2013

Enantioenriched ring‐fused tetrahydroquinolines (IV) are synthesized via enantioselective conjugate addition of malonates (II) to 2‐N‐tetrahydroisoquinolinyl‐substituted cinnamaldehyde (I), followed by intramolecular cross‐dehydrogenative coupling.
ChemInform Abstract: Multitargeted Drug Development: Discovery and Profiling of Dihydroxy Substituted 1‐Aza‐9‐oxafluorenes as Lead Compounds Targeting Alzheimer Disease Relevant Kinases.
Authors: Tell Volkmar , Holzer Max , Herrmann Lydia , Mahmoud Kazem Ahmed , Schaechtele Christoph , Totzke Frank , Hilgeroth Andreas
Published: March 2013

Two new nanomolar active CDK1, CDK5/p25 and GSK‐3β inhibitors of the 3,6‐dihydroxy‐1‐aza‐9‐oxafluorene type (IV) are discovered.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Schmidt Reaction of Acyl Chlorides with Alkyl Azides: Rapid Access to Fused Polycyclic Nitrogen‐Containing Heterocycles via a Multistep One‐Pot Transformation.
Authors: Gu Peiming , Kang Xiao‐Yan , Sun Jian , Wang Bao‐Juan , Yi Ming , Li Xue‐Qiang , Xue Ping , Li Rui
Published: March 2013

The three‐step one‐pot reaction proceeds via acyl chlorination followed by a Schmidt reaction of the acyl chloride and concluding electrophilic intramolecular addition of the isocyanate ion to the aromatic ring.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Practical and Highly Efficient Iodination of BODIPY Derivatives with Hypervalent Iodine Reagent.
Authors: Ye Jia‐Hai , Hu Zhengjuan , Wang Yixin , Zhang Whenchao , Zhang Yan
Published: March 2013

Optimal conditions are developed for bis‐ and mono‐iodination of substrates (I) in order to get modified structures of the chemically important boron scaffold.
ChemInform Abstract: A Stereoselective Route to Aza‐C‐aryl Glycosides from Arynes and Chiral Nitrones.
Authors: Khangarot Rama Kanwar , Kaliappan Krishna P.
Published: March 2013

An efficient strategy for the synthesis of a variety of aza‐C‐aryl glycosides is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Template‐Free Fabrication of Bi2O3 and (BiO)2CO3 Nanotubes and Their Application in Water Treatment.
Authors: Qin Fan , Li Guangfang , Wang Runming , Wu Jiliang , Sun Hongzhe , Chen Rong
Published: March 2013

Bi2O3 and (BiO)2CO3 nanotubes are solvothermally synthesized from Bi(NO3)3 and urea in ethylene glycol (autoclave, 150 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Triazines and Tetrazines with Dienophiles.
Authors: Prokhorov A. M. , Kozhevnikov D. N.
Published: March 2013

Review: 138 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry and Biology of N‐Thiolated β‐Lactams
Authors: Turos Edward
Published: March 2013

Review: 58 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed O—H Bond Addition to Unsaturated Organic Molecules
Authors: Huguet Nuria , Echavarren Antonio M.
Published: March 2013

Review: 251 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleobases with Designed Patterns of Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Fraser William
Published: March 2013

Review: ca. 180 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzotriazole and Its Derivatives as Ligands in Coupling Reaction
Authors: Verma Akhilesh Kumar
Published: March 2013

Review: ca. 200 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bismuth(III) Salts as Synthetic Tools in Organic Transformations
Authors: Yadav J. S. , Antony Aneesh , Subba Reddy Basi V.
Published: March 2013

Review: 166 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Olefination Reactions of Phosphorus‐Stabilized Carbon Nucleophiles
Authors: Gu Yonghong , Tian Shi‐Kai
Published: March 2013

Review: 227 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Impurities in Graphenes and Carbon Nanotubes and Their Influence on the Redox Properties
Authors: Pumera Martin , Ambrosi Adriano , Chng Elaine Lay Khim
Published: March 2013

Review: 94 refs.
Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment in Mobile Systems: Status, Challenges, and Perspectives
Authors: Deutschmann Olaf , Grunwaldt Jan‐Dierk
Published: March 2013

Eine ganzheitliche Betrachtungsweise von Abgasnachbehandlungssystemen ist derzeit der attraktivste Ansatzpunkt für die weitere Verminderung der Schadstoffemissionen und um auf neue Herausforderungen durch strengere Emissionsgrenzwerte, neue Rohstoffbasis und effektivere Motorkonzepte schneller zu reagieren. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick zu gegenwärtigen Abgasnachbehandlungssystemen. Heutige und zukünftige Herausforderungen und Ansätze zu deren Bewältigung werden diskutiert. Bei den vorgestellten Lösungsansätzen spielen hierarchische Modellierung von DFT‐Berechnungen bis zur CFD‐Simulation des kompletten Abgasstranges, realitätsnahe Abgasprüfstände und Alterungsverfahren sowie On‐board‐Diagnostik ebenso wie die Charakterisierung von Katalysatoren insbesondere unter Reaktionsbedingungen sowie möglichst alle Längenskalen eine wichtige Rolle. In Zukunft werden wissensbasierte roboter‐kontrollierte Präparation und dynamische Modelle, gekoppelt mit Informationen aus dem realen Betrieb, Forschung und Entwicklung maßgeblich unterstützen.
Evaluation of the novel USPIO GEH121333 for MR imaging of cancer immune responses
Authors: Shi Qiaoyun , Pisani Laura J. , Lee Yauk K. , Messing Solomon , Ansari Celina , Bhaumik Srabani , Lowery Lisa , Lee Brian D. , Meyer Dan E. , Daldrup‐Link Heike E.
Published: March 2013

Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) maintain a chronic inflammation in cancers, which is associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to: (1) evaluate the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of the novel ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (USPIO) compound GEH121333; (2) assess whether GEH121333 can serve as a MR imaging biomarker for TAM; and (3) compare tumor MR enhancement profiles between GEH121333 and ferumoxytol. Blood half‐lives of GEH121333 and ferumoxytol were measured by relaxometry (n = 4 each). Tolerance was assessed in healthy rats injected with high dose GEH121333, vehicle or saline (n = 4 each). Animals were monitored for 7 days regarding body weight, complete blood counts and serum chemistry, followed by histological evaluation of visceral organs. MR imaging was performed on mice harboring MMTV‐PyMT‐derived breast adenocarcinomas using a 7 T scanner before and up to 72 h post‐injection (p.i.) of GEH121333 (n = 10) or ferumoxytol (n = 9). Tumor R1, R2* relaxation rates were compared between different experimental groups and time points, using a linear mixed effects model with a random effect for each animal. MR data were correlated with histopathology. GEH121333 showed a longer circulation half‐life than ferumoxytol. Intravenous GEH121333 did not produce significant adverse effects in rats. All tumors demonstrated significant enhancement on T1, T2 and T2*‐weighted images at 1, 24, 48 and 72 h p.i. GEH121333 generated stronger tumor T2* enhancement than ferumoxytol. Histological analysis verified intracellular compartmentalization of GEH121333 by TAM at 24, 48 and 72 h p.i. MR imaging with GEH121333 nanoparticles represents a novel biomarker for TAM assessment. This new USPIO MR contrast agent provides a longer blood half‐life and better TAM enhancement compared with the iron supplement ferumoxytol. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Specific Transport of Target Molecules by Motor Proteins in Microfluidic Channels
Authors: Tarhan Mehmet C. , Yokokawa Ryuji , Morin Fabrice O. , Fujita Hiroyuki
Published: March 2013

Direct transport powered by motor proteins can alleviate the challenges presented by miniaturization of microfluidic systems. There have been several recent attempts to build motor‐protein‐driven transport systems based on simple capturing or transport mechanisms. However, to achieve a multifunctional device for practical applications, a more complex sorting/transport system should be realized. Herein, the proof of concept of a sorting device employing selective capture of distinct target molecules and transport of the sorted molecules to different predefined directions is presented. By combining the bottom‐up functionality of biological systems with the top‐down handling capabilities of micro‐electromechanical systems technology, highly selective molecular recognition and motor‐protein‐based transport is integrated in a microfluidic channel network.
Hydraulic forces impact larval fish drift in the free flowing section of a large European river
Authors: Lechner Aaron , Keckeis Hubert , Schludermann Elisabeth , Humphries Paul , McCasker Nicole , Tritthart Michael
Published: March 2013

Dispersal of fluvial freshwater fish larvae occurs commonly in heavily regulated rivers. Studies increasingly indicate that drifting young fish have an active component to their movement and so are capable of coping with the dynamic hydraulic forces typical of rivers. We investigated hydraulic–drift relationships of the young stages of fish over one breeding season along a gravel shore of the Austrian Danube using stationary drift nets from the first occurrence until the end of the seasonal peak (April–June 2008). Observed densities of families and developmental stages were related to the hydraulic parameters flow velocity (in three spatial directions), turbulent kinetic energy and water depth, derived from a three‐dimensional hydrodynamic model of the sampling site. We detected distinct responses of drifting young fish to several hydro‐physical factors under conditions (low light level, over‐critical currents), which were considered to cause washouts and passive drift. In general, drift densities decreased with water depth and flow velocity. Weak swimmers (e.g. bull head Cottus gobio and early‐stage cyprinid larvae) avoided turbulent flows, as their abilities to orientate and hold position may be limited. Early larval as well as early juvenile stages of cyprinids used lateral currents directing to the bank, potentially to drop out of the flow and reach inshore areas. Our study indicates that there are family‐specific and stage‐specific responses to hydraulic variables and that fish actively disperse, probably to minimize mortality and maximize successful dispersal. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A natural tapasin isoform lacking exon 3 modifies peptide loading complex function
Authors: Beutler Nele , Hauka Sebastian , Niepel Alexandra , Kowalewski Daniel Johannes , Uhlmann Julia , Ghanem Esther , Erkelenz Steffen , Wiek Constanze , Hanenberg Helmut , Schaal Heiner , Stevanović Stefan , Springer Sebastian , Momburg Frank , Hengel Hartmut , Halenius Anne
Published: March 2013

To assure efficient MHC class I (MHC‐I) peptide loading, the peptide loading complex (PLC) recruits the peptide‐receptive form of MHC‐I, and in this process, tapasin (tpn) connects MHC‐I with the peptide transporter TAP and forms a stable disulfide bond with ERp57. Here, we describe an alternatively spliced tpn transcript lacking exon 3, observed in cells infected with human cytomegalovirus. Recognition of exon 3 was regulated via G‐runs, suggesting that members of the hnRNP (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein)‐family regulate expression of the ΔExon3 variant of tpn. Exon 3 includes Cys‐95, which is responsible for the disulfide bond formation with ERp57 and, consequently, interaction of the ΔExon3 variant with ERp57 was strongly impaired. Although the ΔExon3 variant specifically stabilized TAP expression but not MHC‐I in tpn‐deficient cells, in tpn‐proficient cells, the ΔExon3 tpn reduced cell surface expression of the tpn‐dependent HLA‐B*44:02 allele; the stability of the tpn‐independent HLA‐B*44:05 was not affected. Most importantly, detailed analysis of the PLC revealed a simultaneous binding of the ΔExon3 variant and tpn to TAP, suggesting modification of PLC functions. Indeed, an altered MHC‐I ligandome was observed in HeLa cells overexpressing the ΔExon3 variant, highlighting the potential of the alternatively spliced tpn variant to impact CD8+ T‐cell responses.
S1PR5 is pivotal for the homeostasis of patrolling monocytes
Authors: Debien Emilie , Mayol Katia , Biajoux Vincent , Daussy Cécile , De Aguero Mercedes Gomez , Taillardet Morgan , Dagany Nicolas , Brinza Lilia , Henry Thomas , Dubois Bertrand , Kaiserlian Dominique , Marvel Jacqueline , Balabanian Karl , Walzer Thierry
Published: March 2013

Patrolling Ly6C− monocytes are blood‐circulating cells that play a role in inflammation and in the defense against pathogens. Here, we show that similar to natural killer (NK) cells, patrolling monocytes express high levels of S1PR5, a G‐coupled receptor for sphingosine‐1 phosphate. We found that S1pr5−/− mice lack peripheral Ly6C− monocytes but have a normal number of these cells in the bone marrow (BM). Various lines of evidence exclude a direct contribution of S1PR5 in the survival of Ly6C− monocytes at the periphery. Rather, our data support a role for S1PR5 in the egress of Ly6C− monocytes from the BM. In particular, we observed a reduced frequency of patrolling monocytes in BM sinusoids of S1PR5 KO mice. Unexpectedly, S1P was not a chemoattractant for patrolling monocytes and had no significant effect on their viability in vitro. Moreover, the disruption of S1P gradients in vivo did not alter Ly6C− monocyte trafficking and viability. These data suggest that S1PR5 regulates the trafficking of monocytes via a mechanism independent of S1P gradients.
Hydrophilic Cucurbit[7]uril‐Pseudorotaxane‐Anchored‐Monolayer‐Protected Gold Nanorods
Authors: Ma Xiang , Xue Yuhua , Dai Liming , Urbas Augustine , Li Quan
Published: March 2013

Cucurbit[n]uril‐based rotaxane or pseudorotaxane devices connected to gold electrode surfaces and spherical gold nanoparticles have previously been developed. Herein, we report the preparation and characterization of gold nanorods (GNRs) protected by a hydrophilic cucurbit[7]uril‐based‐pseudorotaxane anchored monolayer. The resulting GNRs decorated with both cucurbit[7]uril‐based pseudorotaxane disulfide and sodium thioctate on their entire surface through covalent S–Au linkages are water‐soluble as well as stable in both solution and the solid state.
Response to the Comment on “Crystallographic Space Group Choice and Its Chemical Consequences: Revised Crystal Structure of [Fe(phen)2Cl2]NO3”
Authors: Biswas Bhaskar , Tsai Hui‐Lien , Garcia Yann , Kole Niranjan
Published: March 2013

Space group assignment based on single‐crystal X‐ray data is a difficult task when solvated complexes are concerned. The crystal structure reported by Lutz et al. concerns a solvated form of our complex [Fe(phen)2Cl2]NO3. Loss of solvent molecules was prevented by the much lower temperature used for recording X‐ray diffraction data. Great care should be taken during crystal analysis, especially depending on whether it has been performed under solvent‐free or in solvated conditions.