bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement in functional and aesthetic outcome in postburn contracture of neck following split skin grafting using goniometer
Authors: Dhua Subha , Raheel Shifa
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Although the mortality and morbidity from burns have diminished significantly over the last few decades, these do not truly reflect whether the victim could lead a normal life, owing to postburn contractures (PBCs) and other deformities, which have functional and aesthetic implications.

Objective:

The main objective of this study was to compare the improvement in cervico-mental angle after surgery, using a goniometer; and to assess the postoperative complications, cosmetic outcome and patient satisfaction after contracture release and split-thickness skin grafting.

Methods:

In this prospective study, we have studied a total of 20 patients with PBCs of neck, who underwent contracture release and split skin grafting. The preoperative cervico-mental angles were compared to postoperative measurements using a goniometer.

Results:

In this study, we observed that the mean cervicomental angle before the surgery was 85.5° ± 12.8° and after the surgery was 106.4° ± 7.8°. The percentage improvement was 24.3% which was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.001). Patients were also classified based on age, gender, mechanism and classification of burns, time elapsed since burn injury. Postoperative complications, cosmetic outcome and patient satisfaction were also studied.

Conclusion:

PBCs can affect a patient's life functionally, aesthetically, and psychologically. Split-thickness skin grafting is a safe and reliable option for PBC neck. This causes improvement in cervicomental angle and thus range of movements of the neck in different axes (as measured by a goniometer). lthough the mortality and morbidity from burns have diminished significantly over the last few decades, these do not truly reflect whether the victim could lead a normal life, owing to postburn contractures (PBCs) and other deformities, which have functional and aesthetic implications. In this prospective study, we have studied a total of 20 patients with PBCs of neck, who underwent contracture release and split skin grafting. The preoperative cervico-mental angles were compared to postoperative measurements using a goniometer, and a significant improvement was noted. Overall patient satisfaction was also very good. Hence, split thickness skin grafting is a safe and reliable option for PBC neck.
A comparative study of fat transfer with compression therapy versus compression therapy alone in the treatment of hypertrophic burn scars
Authors: Saroha Ravi , Langer Vijay , Singh S. K.
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Hypertrophic scars (HS) remain the main cosmetic concern after complete healing of burns for both patients and treating burn surgeons. HS are managed conservatively using compression therapy, but in our study, we attempt fat grafting with compression therapy to identify which treatment modality leads to better outcomes in patients.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 84 patients (42 in each arm) in this prospective single-blind randomized controlled study had undergone fat transfer with compression therapy and compression therapy alone at a tertiary care burn center for treatment of HS from July 2015 to June 2017.

Results:

Out of the total of 84 patients, 54 were male and 30 were female with the mean age being 26.19 and 37.93 years in the case (test) and control group, respectively. Among them, 54 were flame burns and 20 were electrical burns. Mean total body surface area of 23.67% and 44.36% in the case and control, respectively, represents the extent of burns in majority of patients. Assessment of scars was done using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale which was found statistically significant (<0.005) in both patient and observer assessment in case group, i.e., fat grafting with compression therapy at all times during follow-up. Early complications in form of erythema and swelling in 20 cases, swelling in 13, erythema in 4, and none in 5.

Conclusion:

Our study suggested the superiority of fat grafting with compression therapy in the improvement of HS. Patients tolerated outpatient procedures well with minimal morbidity and self-limiting complications.
Dorsal metacarpal artery perforator-based flaps for the reconstruction of postburn dorsal finger defects
Authors: Babu Vaddi Suman , Sharma Mukesh Kumar , Daram Ashok Reddy , Jha Manoj Kumar , Vulchi Sreeramaraju
Published: June 2023

Background:

Burn injuries involving the dorsum of the hand are very common. Most burn injuries heal with dressings or skin grafting. Deep burns can lead to soft tissue defects and require durable cover to protect the underlying extensor tendons and the bone. Dorsal metacarpal artery-based flaps are reliable locoregional flaps that provide good soft tissue cover.

Materials and Methods:

This study included nine patients with postburn dorsal finger defects who underwent debridement and coverage using dorsal metacarpal artery perforator (DMAP)-based flaps from January 2019 to January 2022. Parameters in terms of flap dimensions, reliability, complications, and donor-site morbidity were assessed.

Results:

The flap size ranged from 5 cm × 2.5 cm to 7 cm × 2.5 cm. Two flaps had marginal necrosis, and one had venous congestion, which settled over time and healed with dressings. All the flaps settled well with a satisfactory outcome. The patients were followed up for 6–24 months.

Conclusion:

DMAP-based flaps are reliable in providing good soft tissue cover for reconstructing postburn dorsal finger defects with acceptable donor-site morbidity.
A retrospective study on treatment for postburn contracture of axilla with propeller flap cover at a tertiary care center
Authors: Kalita Kabita , Gurindagunta Swamy Vivek , Nithin M.
Published: June 2023

Background:

The gold standard for burn scar reconstruction is to utilize adjacent skin flaps for the ease of operation and to match the skin characteristics. The objective of this study is to share our experiences using propeller flap cover for “postburn contracture of axilla (PBCA)” release reconstruction.

Materials and Methods:

This 5-year retrospective observational study was undertaken in the Plastic Surgery Department of GMCH, Guwahati, from 2016 to 2020 with the data available after obtaining the Ethics Committee approval. The patient records and photographs were gathered from the Medical Records and the Plastic Surgery Department of GMCH, Guwahati, respectively. Patients treated with a propeller flap cover were scrutinized.

Results:

The patients operated for PBCA were 36. There were 12 males and 14 females with a mean age of 21 years. Twelve patients with spared axillary dome skin underwent a central axis subcutaneous pedicle propeller flap. The flaps had dimensions of 8–12 cm in length and 6–9 cm in width. The pedicle was approximately 2–2.5 cm in diameter. The few complications seen included wound dehiscence and delayed wound healing, edge hypertrophy, band contractures, marginal necrosis, and pin cushioning. During follow-up, no recontractures were seen.

Conclusions:

We conclude that central axis subcutaneous pedicle propeller flap is a simple and effective treatment for mild-to-moderate PBCA with spared axillary dome skin. These flaps provide durable soft tissue cover with enhanced flap survival, functional mobility, and esthetics.
Organ Donation
Authors: John Priyadarsini
Published: June 2023

While death claim lives and creates vacuum and sadness in people's lives, organ donation provides hope for those who are the recipients and also for the donor family. On an average, 20 people die each day while waiting for a transplant. Organ donation involves harvesting a potentially viable organ from a donor and transplanting it to a matching recipient. Nurses need the necessary knowledge and skills to navigate the ethical, cultural, religious and social issues surrounding the donation of organs and be able to cooperatively with members of the healthcare team in order to facilitate patient and family preparation of the donor as well as the recipient and the smooth retrieval, transport and transplant of organs. The definitions, procedures, resources and the roles and responsibilities of nurses in organ donation are explained in this article.
Prevalence of Online Gaming Addiction Amongst College Students, during Online Pedagogy, COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Savarimuthu Rogina J. S. , Ajay V. , Sheena V S. , Nancy J. , Harish S.
Published: June 2023

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a shift from the traditional classroom setup to online method of teaching and learning.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of online gaming addiction among college students, during online pedagogy, COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, Tamil Nadu, India.

Methods:

A non-experimental descriptive research design was used. The study was conducted among individuals pursuing online collegiate pedagogy due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown who had access to android mobile phones and who responded to the e-survey. Web-based link was created on Google forms and shared through WhatsApp application. A demographic profile sheet and Internet Gaming Disorder Scale were used to collect the data.

Results:

More than half of the respondents were non-disordered gamers (51.9%) and a minimum of them were disordered gamers (3.7%). Gender (P = 0.006), life time of first internet use (P = 0.023) and the purpose of Internet use (P = 0.021) were found to be significantly associated with online gaming addiction.

Conclusion:

The tools utilised to attain online pedagogy were often used to engage in online gaming. Synchronously individuals need to be educated of the risk of harmful use of the same technology in the event of losing control over it, the technology taking control over the individual, resulting in addiction.
The selection of tandem angle and imaging during intracavitary brachytherapy of carcinoma cervix – An experience from a regional cancer center
Authors: Suryadevara Aparna , Gundu Dinesh K. , Kuppa Prakash , Chinta Sanjeeva Kumari
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Carcinoma cervix (CACX) is a common gynecological malignancy and locally advanced CACX is treated with radical chemoradiation, followed by brachytherapy boost. The appropriate selection of tandem angle is needed for optimal dose distribution and to avoid perforations. The aim of our study was to assess the appropriate tandem angle selection based on uterine angle measured on external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) planning imaging and to assess the need for repeat imaging and image-guided placement of tandem during intracavitary brachytherapy based on risk factors.

Methods:

This is a single-institute, two-arm retrospective, observational study to improve quality of brachytherapy in CACX patients (n = 206), with uterine perforation/suboptimal tandem placement (UPSTP) in arm A and optimally inserted in arm B. The uterine angle was measured from EBRT planning CT-scan and correlated with brachytherapy planning CT-scan and other risk factors in relation to UPSTP.

Results:

The uterine angle was 30° (±30°) and 17° (±21°) on EBRT and brachytherapy planning CT-scan, respectively, and significantly was different (P < 0.00001). There were 40 (19%) perforations and 52 (25%) suboptimal tandem placements (uterine subserosal/muscle insertion). The most common site of perforation was posterior then anterior and central. There was higher chance of UPSTP with hydrometra, huge uterus with tumor (HMHU) or retroverted uterus (RU), P = 0.006 and 0.14, respectively. The persistence of HMHU or RU during brachytherapy leads to higher UPSTP, P = 0.000023 and 0.18, respectively.

Conclusion:

Uterine angle measurement on EBRT planning CT-scan varies significantly when measured on brachytherapy planning CT-scan and cannot be used for selection of tandem. Reimaging before brachytherapy should be considered in advanced CACX with HMHU or RU at presentation and image-guided placement of tandem should be used if HMHU or RU persists during brachytherapy.
Effect of 13.56 MHz radiofrequency hyperthermia on mitotic cell cycle arrest in MCF7 breast cancer cell line and suggest a time interval for radiotherapy
Authors: Hatamian Milad , Hashemi Bijan , Mahdavi Seied Rabi , Soleimani Masoud , Khalafi Leila
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

After surgery, radiotherapy is the most common technique to treat breast cancer. Over the past decades, the thermal effects of radiofrequency-wave hyperthermia combined with radiotherapy have been used to increase radiosensitivity in cancer treatment. The cells have various radiation and thermal sensitivities at different stages of the mitotic cycle. Furthermore, ionizing radiation and the thermal effect of hyperthermia affect the cells’ mitotic cycle and can partly induce cell cycle arrest. However, the time interval between hyperthermia and radiotherapy, as an essential factor influencing hyperthermia effect on cancer cells’ cycle arrest, has not been studied before. In this study, we investigated the effect of hyperthermia on the MCF7 cancer cell cycle arrest in mitotic cycles at various selected time intervals after hyperthermia to find and propose appropriate time intervals between hyperthermia and radiotherapy.

Method and Materials:

In this experimental study, we used the MCF7 breast cancer cell line to investigate the effect of 13.56 MHz hyperthermia (at a temperature of 43°C for a period of 20 min) on their cell cycle arrest. We performed the flowcytometry assay to assess the changes in the mitotic phases of the cell population at different time intervals (1, 6, 24, and 48 h) after hyperthermia.

Results:

Our flowcytometry results indicated the 24-h time interval has the most significant effect on the cell population at S and G2/M phases. Therefore, the 24-h time interval can be proposed as the most appropriate time after hyperthermia for carrying out combinational radiotherapy procedure.

Conclusion:

Among various investigated time intervals examined in our research, the 24-h time interval can be proposed as the most appropriate time between hyperthermia and radiotherapy for combinational therapy of breast cancer cells.
Epidemiological characteristics of endometrial cancer patients treated at a tertiary health center in National Capital Territory of India
Authors: Agarwal Shruti , Melgandi Wineeta , Sonkar Deepak Raj , Ansari Faiz Akram , Arora Savita , Rathi Arun Kumar , Singh Kishore
Published: June 2023

Settings and Design:

A retrospective study which analyzed the data of female patients attending a tertiary care center in National Capital Territory for the treatment of endometrial cancer.

Materials and Methods:

Eighty-six histopathologically confirmed cases of carcinoma endometrium were taken from January 2016 to December 2019. Detailed information was collected regarding patient’s case history, sociodemographic data (age of presentation, occupation, religion, residence, and substance addiction), clinical presentation, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and known risk factors (age at menarche and menopause, parity, obesity, use of oral contraceptive pills, hormone replacement therapy, and comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes).

Statistical Analysis Used:

After analysis, results were presented as mean ± standard deviation and frequency.

Results:

Eighty-six percent of the patients (n = 73) were in the age group of 40–70 years; the mean age of the patients at diagnosis of endometrial cancer was 54 years. Eighty-one percent (n = 70) of the patients were from urban areas. Sixty-seven percent of the females (n = 54) were Hindu. All the patients were housewives with nonsedentary lifestyles. Most patients (88%; n = 76) presented with bleeding per vaginum. Fifty-nine percent (n = 51) had stage I disease, followed by 15% (n = 13) with stage II, 14% (n = 12) with stage III, and 12% (n = 10) with stage IV disease. Eighty-two percent (n = 72) of the patients had endometrioid carcinoma. Other less common variants were mixed Mullerian malignant tumor, squamous, adenosquamous, serous, and endometrioid stromal. Forty-four percent (n = 38), 39% (n = 34), and 16% (n = 14) of the patients had grade I, grade II, and grade III tumor, respectively. 53.5% of the cases (n = 46) had >50% myometrial invasion at the time of presentation. Eighty-two percent (n = 71) of the patients were postmenopausal. The mean age at menarche and menopause was 13 years and 47 years, respectively. Fifteen percent (n = 13) of the females were nulliparous. Forty-six percent (n = 40) of the patients were overweight. Most patients (82%) had no history of addiction. Twenty-five percent (n = 22) of the patients had hypertension, and 27% (n = 23) has diabetes as comorbidity.

Conclusions:

The incidence of endometrium cancer is showing a steady rise in the recent past. Early age of menarche, late age of menopause, nulliparity, obesity, and diabetes mellitus are well-documented risk factors for uterine cancer. Better outcome and control of disease is possible by understanding of endometrial cancer etiology, risk factors, and its preventive measures. Thus, a robust screening program is warranted to detect the disease in early stage and for increased survival.
Particular aspects of treating rectal cancer: The watch and wait approach
Authors: Draghici Diana Andreea , Stoian Alexandru Rares , Porojan Vlad Andrei , David Oana Ilona , Bedereag Ştefan , Ciuhu Anda Natalia , Haidar Andrei , Crețoiu Dragoş , Condrat Carmen Elena , Grigorean Valentin Titus
Published: June 2023

Background:

Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignant pathologies worldwide. Currently, the standard treatment of this pathology consists of radio-chemotherapy followed by low anterior resection with total mesorectal excision or abdominoperineal proctectomy for medium/low rectal cancer.

Objectives:

In recent years, another treatment strategy has been proposed, stemming from the finding that up to 40% of patients receiving neoadjuvant treatment had a complete pathological response. This method, also referred to as the watch and wait approach, implies delaying surgery and following a rigorous protocol for patients who have developed a complete response to neoadjuvant treatment with a good oncologic outcome. The objective of this study was to highlight the merits of this approach in selected patients.

Case Reports:

In this study, we present two patients with low-rectal tumors who developed complete response post neoadjuvant therapy and for whom the watch and wait protocol has been applied over the past 4 years.

Conclusion:

Although the watch and wait protocol appears to be a feasible option in the management of patients with a complete clinical and pathological response post neoadjuvant therapy, more prospective studies and randomized trials comparing this approach with standard surgical treatment are required before establishing it as the standard of care for distal rectal cancer. Therefore, establishing universal criteria for the selection and assessment of the patients with a complete clinical response following neoadjuvant treatment is required.
Co-administration of pazopanib and enteral nutrition with omega-3 fatty acids as a safety issue in a patient treated for metastatic clear cell renal cancer: A case report
Authors: Jović Zlatović Josipa , Omrčen Tomislav , Marijanović Inga , Kraljević Marija
Published: June 2023

Pazopanib is an oral multitargeting tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), approved as the first-line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and soft tissue sarcoma (STS) at a fixed dose of 800 mg daily taken fasted. Potential drug–meal interactions and adverse events (AEs) may lack recognition and the related data in literature. We report one case of stomatitis/oral mucositis associated with pazopanib administrated with an oral nutritional supplement enriched with omega-3 fatty acids. The 50-year-old patient with mRCC started pazopanib treatment at standard doses of 800 mg daily as first-line therapy for mRCC, and after a few days, he developed stomatitis. Co-administration of pazopanib with high-fat meals could increase the solubility of highly lipophilic pazopanib, increasing its plasma pazopanib area under the curve (AUC), and maximum concentration (Cmax) above optimal therapeutic level can consequently lead to increased frequency/grade of AEs.
Induction chemotherapy in head and neck cancer – Boon or bane?
Authors: Mall Aprajita , Negi Preety , Philip Ashwin Oommen , Kingsley Pamela A.
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Although concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard of care for inoperable locally advanced head and neck cancer, induction chemotherapy is considered an alternative approach by head and neck oncologists worldwide.

Aims:

To evaluate the response to induction chemotherapy in terms of loco-regional control and treatment-related toxicity in inoperable locally advanced head and neck cancer patients.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective study was conducted on patients who received two to three cycles of induction chemotherapy. Following this, response assessment was performed clinically. Grading of radiation-induced oral mucositis and any interruptions in treatment were noted. At 8 weeks following treatment, magnetic resonance imaging-based radiological response assessment was performed using RECIST criteria version 1.1.

Results:

Our data revealed 57.7% complete response rate with induction chemotherapy, followed by chemoradiation therapy. We observed that post induction, 67.5% and 47.5% patients had reduction in T-stage (<0.001) and N-stage of disease (<0.001), respectively, with complete response more achieved in younger patients (≤50 years). Chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression and febrile neutropenia occurred in 7.5% patients. We demonstrated that a higher grade of radiation-induced mucositis was noticed among those receiving three cycles of induction chemotherapy (ICT) and aged >50 years.

Conclusion:

We conclude that induction chemotherapy could still be a viable option for down-staging unresectable locally advanced disease, especially for younger patients in terms of better treatment response and tolerability. The number of cycles of ICT seems to influence radiation-induced mucositis. This study underscores the need for further studies to determine the exact role of ICT in locally advanced head and neck cancer.
Clinical diagnosis and management of persistent idiopathic dentoalveolar pain
Authors: Singh Reetika , Nikhil Vineeta , Sahu Sonal
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Persistent idiopathic dentoalveolar pain (PIDP) is a type of chronic pain that affects the teeth and surrounding tissue, and it is a condition that has been puzzling dental practitioners for many years.

Aim:

To clarify some misconceptions about persistent idiopathic dentoalveolar pain and provides insight into its possible diagnoses.

Methods:

The electronic literature search was conducted between June 2003 and December 2022 in PubMed and Google Scholar using Mesh terms: pain, idiopathic pain, phantom pain, and dentoalveolar pain in the English language. Later, relevant articles were screened and read thoroughly.

Results:

After reviewing the various articles, it was found that PIDP is a disease of exclusion that is confined to the dentoalveolar region with profound, dull, and pressure-like sensations.

Discussion:

Most of the research on PIDP has centered on its occurrence rates, symptoms, and ways to treat it, as well as the possible causes behind it. Various studies have also investigated different forms of treatment, such as medication, nerve blocks, and psychological interventions, in an effort to manage PIDP.
Development of Load Reconstruction Technique and Application on
Commercial Vehicle Suspension
Authors: Bhosale Subhash Hanmant , Pratap Rajat , Apte Amol
Published: June 2023

The ability to predict the durability of a structure depends on the knowledge of
operating loads experienced by the structure. Typically, multi-body dynamics
(MBD) models are used to cascade measured wheel loads to hard points. However,
in this approach, there are many sources by which errors creep into cascaded
forces. Any attempt to reduce sources of such errors is time consuming and
costly. In typical program development timelines, it is very difficult to
accommodate such model calibration efforts. Commercial load cells exist in the
industry to give engineers insight into understanding the complex real-world
loading of their structures. A significant limitation to the use of load cells
is that the structure needs to be modified to accept the load cell, and not all
desired loading degrees of freedom (DOFs) can be measured. One of the innovative
solutions to calculate operating loads is to convert the structure itself into
its own load transducer. The D-optimal algorithm along with the pseudo-inverse
technique provides a theoretically sound and versatile method to identify
optimum positions and locations to place the sensors (i.e., strain gauges) on
the structure where its response is to be measured. A pre-calculated calibration
matrix through pseudo-inverse is then used along with measured responses to
reverse calculate loads acting on the structure. The accuracy of calculated
loads with this approach is typically high compared with conventional load
cascading methods as sources of errors are less in this method.

This work is focused on load reconstruction, FE analysis, and lightweighting of
the bell crank lever of a commercial vehicle. Practical difficulties associated
with the load reconstruction method and solutions are also discussed in this
research paper.
Titanium Alloy Sheet, Strip, and Plate 6Al - 4V Solution Heat Treated and Aged
Authors:   AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
Published: June 2023

This specification covers a titanium alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate up through 2.000 inches (50.80 mm), inclusive (see 8.5).
Requirements for Engine Cooling System Filling, Deaeration, and Drawdown Tests
Authors:   Cooling Systems Standards Committee
Published: June 2023

This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to all engine cooling systems used in (1) heavy-duty vehicles, industrial applications, and (2) automotive applications.

There are two categories of coolant reservoir tanks covered in the document:

a

Pressurized tanks

b

Unpressurized tanks
Disc Wheel Hub/Spoke Wheel and Axle Interface Dimensions - Truck and Bus
Authors:   Truck and Bus Wheel Committee
Published: June 2023

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended for hubs and spoke wheels used on Class 6, 7, and 8 truck/truck-tractor non-powered front axles, powered and non-powered rear axles and trailer axles, for which bearing setting is manually adjusted. Assemblies using spacers to control bearing preload and endplay may differ in geometry and bearing componentry.
Proposta de leitura de Uma Escuridão Bonita, de Ondjaki, para o ensino fundamental II
Authors: Da Rocha Maquêa Vera Lúcia , Greff Paula Adriana
Published: June 2023

O estudo que apresentamos, elaborado no âmbito do curso de Mestrado Profissional em Letras – Profletras, Unemat/Cáceres, trata-se de uma proposta de leitura para o ensino fundamental II, com o objetivo de fomentar a prática de leitura do texto literário, tendo como objeto de trabalho a ficção juvenil Uma Escuridão Bonita (2018), de Ondjaki, cuja temática abrange a descoberta de si e o amadurecimento pessoal. Abordaremos a obra, num primeiro momento, sob a perspectiva da leitura subjetiva e, no decorrer do processo, confrontaremos as subjetividades expressas para que a interpretação não fique só na superficialidade do texto. Neste percurso, o estudante será provocado a refletir sobre o que o levou a projetar algo que não estava no texto, favorecendo assim, a formação de um leitor consciente. Por outra frente, estimularemos que o aluno submeta-se ao texto, não no sentido de deixar-se conduzir por ele, mas para vivenciar a experiência literária como um acontecimento singular e modificador.

Palavras-chave: Ficção juvenil. Leitura subjetiva. Formação do leitor.
Prevalence of low genital tract colonization by mycoplasma, ureaplasma and bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Phung Thi Ly , Nguyen Thu Hoai , Tran Thi Thu Ha , Nguyen Thi Huong Linh , Nguyen Thi Thu Ha , Nguyen Thi Tan Sinh , Tran Manh Linh
Published: June 2023

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of low genital tract colonization by Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma and its association with bacterial vaginosis

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study carry on 802 women who were visited at Vinmec International Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022. M. genitalium, M. hominis, U. urealyticum, U. parvum in low genital tract sample were detected by Realtime - PCR method. Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis based on microbiological morphology according to Nugent score. Abnormal cases are treated and followed.

Results: The prevalence of M. genitalium was 1.6% (95%CI: 0.9 - 2.8), M. hominis was 5.0% (95%CI: 3.6 – 6.8), U. urealyticum was 13.1% (95%CI: 10.7 - 15.9) and U. parvum was 36.0% (95%CI: 32.0 - 40.4). Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma present in lower genital tract samples were not associated with clinical symptoms. The rate of bacterial vaginosis was 4.7% and it was not associated with the presence of M. genitalium, M. hominis, U. urealyticum, U. parvum in low genital tract.

Conclusion: The prevalence of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma in the genital tract is relatively low and it was not associated with bacterial vaginosis.
PENGARUH KEMATANGAN BUAH KELAPA SAWIT VARIETAS DXP BAH LIAS TERHADAP KADAR MINYAK SAWIT MENTAH (CPO)
Authors: Feny Rahmadhania  , Sembiring Pardamenta , Marshal Arifin Sinaga
Published: June 2023

>One of the successes of processing at the Palm Oil Mill (POM) is the quality of the raw material for Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB). The degree of maturity of FFB at harvest is related closely to CPO oil content  and free fatty acid content (FFA). One of the varieties grown on oil palm plantations is the DxP Bah Lias variety produced by Bah Lias Research Station (BLRS). The study was conducted in April - June 2017 at the Laboratory of PT. Betami in Kuala Simpang, Aceh Tamiang. FFB samples were obtained from Division I of the Rantau Garden PT. Betami. The study aims to determine the effect of maturity fraction of oil palm FFB on the levels of CPO. The fractions studied were 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 fractions. The results showed that the highest CPO yield was fraction 3, 26.1% and the lowest fraction 0 with a yield of 22%.
KEMAMPUAN PREDATOR (Sycanus annulicornis Dhorn) DALAM MENGENDALIKAN HAMA ULAT API (Setothosea asigna) DI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Wandi Marwadi Afandi  , Sulthon Parinduri  , Guntoro
Published: June 2023

Sycanus annulicornis is an important predator for palm leaf-eating caterpillars (UPDKS) from the Limacodidae family. Therefore, these predators need to be propagated and disseminated in the area of ​​oil palm plantations so that they can become a mortality factor in biological control (UPDKS). Predator S. annulicornis is a predator that is very useful for controlling caterpillar pests in oil palm plantations. His ability to prey on fire caterpillars in the field, as well as his short life cycle and high reproductive ability make this predator very potential to be applied in fire caterpillar pest control. This research was carried out at Sycanus House Afdeling V Tanah Raja PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Serdang Bedagai North Sumatra. The time of the study was carried out in August - September 2018. The results showed that fire caterpillar (Setothosea asigna) was able to be controlled by predators (Sycanus annulicornis) in F1 treatment (1 Sycanus annulicornis), F2 (2 Sycanus annulicornis) and F3 on the first day after application, the highest mortality seen in the treatment F3 (3 Sycanus annulicornis).
POTENSI BAKTERI Serratia sp. SEBAGAI AGENSIA HAYATI PENYAKIT JAMUR AKAR PUTIH (Rigidoporus microporus)
Authors: Dalimunthe Cici Indriani , Ahmad Dahlan  , Radite Tistama
Published: June 2023

Serratia sp is the family Enterobacteriaceae gram-negative bacteriathat have flagella Peritrik, motile and reported to be anti-fungal. Chitinolyticchitinase activity of bacteria are potentially used as a biological control againstpathogenic fungi.The purpose of this research is to know the potential of bacteriaSerratia sp in controlling white root rot disease caused by Rigidoporus microporus on the rubber plant in polibag. This research uses a randomizedblock design (RAK) nonfaktorial with 5 treatments and 5 replications. Parametersmeasured were extensive white root fungus colony growth (cm) in the laboratory,white root fungus attack intensity (%) in polybag, the percentage of inhibition (%)in polybag and visual symptom of the white root fungus attack in polybag. Thereault of this showed that Serratia sp bacteri application infection very obvious inobstructing extensive growth of the white root fungus colony in Laboratory, withthe lowest extensive of colony 3,06 cm on D4 standard (10ml/100 ml PDA) A verysignificant effect in reducing the intensity of white root fungus attacks the inhibition rate reached 54%, or healing reached 47,31% the age of 6 weeks after application.
“Beneficial owner” and “beneficial ownership” in South African trust law: troublesome aspects of the General Laws (Anti-Money Laundering and Combating Terrorism Financing) Amendment Act 22 of 2022
Authors: Du Toit Francois , Smith Bradley , Van Vuren Louis Janse
Published: June 2023

Die Wysigingswet op Algemene Wette (Teengeldwassery en Bekamping van Terrorismefinansiering) 22 van 2022 is op 29 Desember 2022 bekragtig. Dié wet wysig, met 1 April 2023 as die inwerkingtredingsdatum van al hierdie wysigings, die Wet op die Beheer oor Trustgoed 57 van 1988 in verskeie opsigte. In hierdie bydrae neem ons twee wysigings onder die loep, naamlik die invoeging van ’n definisie van “uiteindelik geregtigde” (“beneficial owner”) in artikel 1 van Wet 57 van 1988 asook die vaslegging van die idee van “uiteindelike geregtigheid” (“beneficial ownership”) in artikel 11A van daardie wet. Ons voer aan dat beide toevoegings onvanpas is in die Suid-Afrikaanse trustreg aangesien dit nie strook met meerdere van die grondbeginsels van die Suid-Afrikaanse trustreg nie. Ons wys in die besonder daarop dat die wetgewer se gebruik van “uiteindelik geregtigde” en “uiteindelike geregtigheid”: (i) onder inhoudelike onsekerheid gebuk gaan; (ii) nie strook met sommige van Wet 57 van 1988 se bepalings nie, by uitstek die definisie van “trust” in artikel 1 en ’n trustee se sorgplig ingevolge artikel 9; (iii) oënskynlik berus op ’n mistasting oor die regsaard van ’n trust asook die aanvaarde regsbeginsels rakende die misbruik van die trustvorm en skyntrusts en (iv) die gevaar inhou van die voortydige verkryging van regte deur trustbegunstigdes. Ons argumenteer derhalwe dat die wetgewer se gebruik van “uiteindelik geregtigde” en “uiteindelike geregtigheid” in die wysigingswet en Wet 57 van 1988 teoretiese en praktiese onsekerhede skep wat nie alleen die begripsmatige onderbou en samehang van die Suid-Afrikaanse trustreg skaad nie, maar ook dermate uit pas is met sommige van die bestaande wet se bepalings dat hierdie wysigings bykans onmoontlike verpligtinge ten opsigte van die insameling, vaslegging en verslagdoening van inligting (ter nakoming van die – weliswaar prysenswaardige – oogmerke van die wysigingswet) op trustees plaas. Ten einde hierdie kwessies aan te spreek, doen ons ’n alternatiewe – en onses insiens werkbare – wetsbepaling aan die hand wat, alhoewel dit grootliks op die bestaande bewoording van die tersake bepalings van die wysigingswet gegrond is, wegdoen met “uiteindelik geregtigde” en “uiteindelike geregtigheid” terwyl dit steeds uitvoering aan die oogmerke van die wysigingswet gee. Die voorgestelde wetsbepaling spreek in die besonder die problematiek aan met betrekking tot die besit van of doelmatige beheer oor trustbates – wat sentraal tot die idee van ’n “uiteindelik geregtigde” staan. Dit beperk die voorskrifte oor die besit van of doelmatige beheer oor trustbates tot gevalle waarin trustees sinvolle uitvoering aan die tersake wetsbepaling kan gee.
Regspraak: Upholding the child’s right to be heard in contempt of court proceedings because a “child’s best interests are of paramount importance in every matter concerning a child”
Authors: Rosenberg W
Published: June 2023

Hierdie saak het minagting van die hofverrigtinge behels waar ’n kontakooreenkoms, wat ’n bevel van die hof gemaak is, deur die respondente oortree is. As gevolg van die aard van die verrigtinge, is daar nie van die hof verwag om die kind se standpunt oor die kontakreëlings met die aansoeker te hanteer nie, en dit is die aspek van die verrigtinge wat hierdie nota ontleed. Hierdie nota is nie daarop gemik om die korrektheid van die beslissing van die hof te ondersoek nie, maar fokus meer op die feite en vrae wat die hof prima facie moes ontleed as die hof nie vasgehou het aan ’n voorafbepaalde formule vir minagting van hofverrigtinge nie. Die prosedure wat gevolg word in minagting van hofverrigtinge is van nature beperk. Artikel 28(2) van die grondwet bepaal: “’n Kind se beste belang is van deurslaggewende belang in elke aangeleentheid wat die kind raak.” Hierdie bespreking beheers elke tersake aspek. Dit sluit minagting van hofverrigtinge in waar ’n bevel oor kontak met ’n minderjarige betrokke is aangesien kontakreëlings en die oortreding daarvan direk “’n kind” in ag neem. Die beperkte omvang van minagting van hofverrigtinge het veroorsaak dat die hof twee belangrike feite mis wat ’n invloed op die kontakbevel kan hê en hierdie is eerstens dat die kind haarself in haar kamer toegesluit het. Sy het geweier om die aansoeker te sien. Tweedens is ’n bevel deur die hof a quo gemaak vir kontak onder toesig. Hierdie twee feite blyk belangrik te wees in die beskerming van die beste belange van ’n kind en word nie hanteer nie. Verder word die moontlikheid dat die respondente se optrede op “ouerlike vervreemding” neergekom het ook met omsigtigheid aangespreek omdat so ’n term as dit té ver geneem word, die kind se stem kan verdring. Ten aansien van die Nederlandse reg word artikel 809 van die Nederlandse Wetboek van Siviele Prosesrecht bespreek en die uitsluiting daarkragtens van kinders jonger as twaalf jaar van familieregtelike verrigtinge. Die ongekwalifiseerde verlaging van die ouderdomsperk mag miskien nie die antwoord wees nie, maar daar behoort herbesin te word oor die algehele uitsluiting van ’n kind se reg om gehoor te word in aangeleenthede waar die kind se belange wel ter sake is.
Mind the misnomer: juxtaposing discriminatory intent with motive in relation to grievous religious persecution
Authors: Nel Werner Nicolaas
Published: June 2023

Verskeie hedendaagse verskynsels van massa-diskriminerende gruweldade word óf in die naam van godsdiens óf op grond van die slagoffers se godsdienstige identiteit gepleeg. Gevolglik kan die vryheid om ’n godsdiens te kies en in die naam daarvan op te tree ’n tweeledige effek hê in die konteks van die internasionale strafreg, oënskynlik in terme van die onderskeid tussen “godsdiensgebaseerde vervolging” en “godsdiensgemotiveerde vervolging”. Dit is daarom ’n wanopvatting dat godsdienstige onverdraagsaamheid (vooroordeel gebaseerde godsdienstige motief) die katalisator is vir sulke massa-diskriminerende gruweldade. Dit is meer akkuraat om, waar van toepassing, te onderskei tussen vervolgingsvergrype wat gemotiveer is deur godsdiens en vervolgingsvergrype gebaseer op die slagoffers se godsdienstige oortuigings. Alhoewel beide verskynsels betreurenswaardige dade van miskenning van gelykheid en menswaardigheid is, kan beide gepleeg word sonder ’n onderliggende godsdienstige onverdraagsaamheid. Terwyl eersgenoemde oorwegend gepaard gaan met waarom die vervolging gepleeg is (godsdiens as die katalisator van motief), oorweeg laasgenoemde teen wie die vervolging gerig was (godsdiens as die identifiserende element). Dit is gebaseer op die onderskeid tussen die mens rea-elemente van “opset” en “motief”, wat nie uitgeklaarde konsepte is wat ’n eenvoudige, duidelike onderskeid toelaat nie. Trouens, motief word oor die algemeen beskou as irrelevant in die vasstel van strafregtelike aanspreeklikheid vanweë die sui generis-aard daarvan, wat kompleks, veelvuldig en onderling verwant kan wees. Godsdiensmotief en godsdiensgerigte diskriminerende opset vervleg egter dikwels – veral met godsdienstige onverdraagsaamheid – in welke geval ’n onderskeid tussen motief en opset kunsmatig en oorbodig is. Kwansuis is “motief” egter van belang om die aard van vervolgingsvergrype te verstaan. Gevolglik stel die artikel die diskriminerende opset om te vervolg naas die motief vir vervolgingsvergrype om sodoende die rol van godsdiens in die konseptualisering van godsdiensgebaseerde vervolging as ’n misdaad teen die mensdom in terme van die Statuut van Rome (sogenaamde “gruwelike godsdiensgebaseerde vervolgingsvergrype”) te verduidelik.
The standard of proving an investor is corrupt in international investment arbitration: red flag or red handed?
Authors: Koen L
Published: June 2023

Korrupsie het toenemend ’n alomteenwoordige probleem geword wat internasionaal tot verhoogde oproepe gelei het om hierdie probleem aan te spreek. In ’n Suid-Afrikaanse konteks kom voorbeelde van korrupsie baie voor, insluitend gevalle van omkopery, tenderbedrog en ongemagtigde staatsuitgawes. Die wêreld van belegger-staatarbitrasie is nie gespaar van die effek of voorkoms van korrupsie nie. In die afgelope paar jaar het beskuldigings van korrupsie toenemend ’n algemene grondslag vir eise deur beleggers in beleggingsarbitrasie geword. In dié gevalle beweer beleggers dat korrupsie ’n faktor was wat bygedra het tot hul verlies as beleggers of tot onteiening gelei het. Beskuldigings van korrupsie is egter nie beperk tot beleggers nie. Ook state voer die verweer van beleggerkorrupsie in beleggingsarbitrasie aan. Hierdie verweer word tipies namens state geopper om te beweer dat ’n belegger se eis afgewys moet word omdat die belegging self deur korrupsie verkry is. In sodanige gevalle word namens die staat geargumenteer dat die belegger nie toegelaat moet word om voordeel te trek uit ’n belegging wat deur korrupsie bekom is nie. Tribunale wat met hierdie beskuldigings gekonfronteer word, het nie deurgaans ’n konsekwente benadering gevolg met betrekking tot die standaard van bewys wat vereis word vanaf die party wat die beskuldiging van korrupsie maak nie. Hoewel daar oor die algemeen konsensus is dat die party wat korrupsie beweer dit moet bewys, is daar ’n afwyking onder tribunale met sommige wat aandui dat die standaard van bewys hoër is as dié van “op ’n oorwig van waarskynlikhede”. Tog het sommige tribunale beslis dat dit voldoende sou wees vir die staat om ’n reeks rooi vlae te vertoon waarna die las verskuif na die belegger om aan te toon dat korrupsie nie voorgekom het nie. In hierdie bydrae ontleed die outeur krities hierdie afwykende benaderings tot die bewyslas in korrupsiesake by beleggingsarbitrasie en identifiseer ’n benadering wat algemene byval mag vind. Die artikel gee ’n kort oorsig van korrupsie in internasionale beleggingsreg en beklemtoon die noodsaak om korrupsie in beleggingsarbitrasie aan te spreek. Die outeur bespreek die gevolge van ’n bevinding van korrupsie op die beskerming van ’n belegging en die argument dat korrupsie as ’n aangeleentheid van transnasionale openbare beleid verbied is. In hierdie verband oorweeg die outeur ook die gepaste tyd om bewerings van korrupsie aan te spreek voor die afwykende benaderings tot die bewyslas in korrupsiesake krities ontleed word.
Aanbevelingen voor de behandeling van urgente aandoeningen in de eerste lijn: convulsies, anafylaxie en agitatie in urgente situaties
Authors: Van Cauwenbergh S. , Cloetens H. , Calle P. , Vandeput O. , Goossens M. , Van Royen P.
Published: June 2023

Recommendations for the treatment of emergencies in primary care: seizures, anaphylaxis and agitation

General practitioners are frequently confronted with urgent medical situations both during and outside office hours, requiring a quick and accurate response. This article presents a summary of the recommendations for the treatment of emergencies (part 1), specifically addressing the management of seizures, anaphylaxis and agitation. These recommendations are an update of the 2008 guidelines of Domus Medica and were developed by the national Working Group for the Development of Guidelines in Primary Care (WOREL) according to internationally recognized methods for guideline development. The focus of the recommendations is the pharmacological management by the general practitioner. If necessary, diagnostics are briefly discussed. The aim is to inform general practitioners about the recommended content of the emergency kit, as well as the recommended dosages and administration routes for the most common indications. For the treatment of prolonged seizures, benzodiazepines should be administered, with intramuscular midazolam as first choice. In the case of anaphylaxis, immediate intramuscular administration of adrenaline and, if available, high-flow oxygen is recommended. If the response is inadequate, short-acting β2-agonists should be administered via inhalation. For agitation likely due to psychosis, an oral antipsychotic or benzodiazepine should be considered. If there are no suspicions or signs of a psychosis, only benzodiazepines are recommended. Oral administration is preferred when the patient presents with agitation, unless in case of severe agitation with a risk to oneself or others. Then, intramuscular administration is preferred. Via https://www.ebp-guidelines.be/home the full guideline in English can be consulted.
Inventory Of Gastropods In The Coastal Area Of Desa Sungai Nibung West Kalimantan
Authors: Safitri Ikha , Kushadiwijayanto Arie Antasari , Sofiana Mega Sari Juane , Apriansyah Apriansyah , Nurrahman Yusuf Arief , Nurdiansyah Syarif Irwan , Enjella Enjella , Ginting Madi Juna Permalem
Published: June 2023

Desa Sungai Nibung is a village located in Teluk Pakedai District, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan. This village is one of the conservation areas established by the Regional Government of West Kalimantan Province in 2020. Desa Sungai Nibung has a high diversity of natural resources, one of which is gastropods. Gastropods are organisms that act as grazers, scavengers, and predators. These organisms can live in waters, coastal and terrestrial. Its diversity has been reported to be more than 75,000 species. Several gastropods have been used by the local community as food with a high protein source. Gastropods found on the coast of Sungai Nibung Village are Ellobium, Cassidula, Nerita, Neritina, Chicoreus, Cerithidea, Littoria, Potamopyrgus, and Onchidium.