bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A REVIEW OF HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING IN CLOSE RANGE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Kurz T. H. , Buckley S. J.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Hyperspectral imaging is an established method for material mapping, which has been conventionally applied from airborne and spaceborne platforms for a range of applications, including mineral and vegetation mapping, change detection and environmental studies. The main advantage of lightweight hyperspectral imagers lies in the flexibility to deploy them from various platforms (terrestrial imaging and from unmanned aerial vehicles; UAVs), as well as the high spectral resolution to cover an expanding wavelength range. In addition, spatial resolution allows object sampling distances from micrometres to tens of centimetres – complementary to conventional nadir-looking systems. When this new type of imaging device was initially released, few instruments were available and the applicability and potential of the method was restricted. Today, a wider range of instruments, with a range of specifications, is available, with significant improvements over the first generation of technology. In this contribution, the state-of-the-art of hyperspectral imaging will be reviewed from a close range measurement perspective, highlighting how the method supplements geometric modelling techniques. An overview of the processing workflow, adjusted to the more complex close range imaging scenario will be given. This includes the integration with 3D laser scanning and photogrammetric models to provide a geometric framework and real world coordinate system for the hyperspectral imagery.
A New Application of Photogrammetry in the Underground Pipe Network Survey
Authors: Li Y. , Feng Q. , Zhang N. , Tian H. , Yang Y. , Jin J. , Li Y. , Zhang L.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. This paper mainly introduces a device that can be used for underground pipeline survey task. Through the cameras installed on the device, we can obtain stereo synchronous shooting images, and then use the method of close range photogrammetry to investigate and measure underground objects. During working process, the staff put the camera into the well and to control camera shooting from the ground. Greatly improve work efficiency, at the same time to avoid the underground toxis gas damage to people. The main content of this paper includes three parts: hardware design, software development and test production.
CLOSE RANGE DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY APPLIED TO TOPOGRAPHY AND LANDSLIDE MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Liu Wen-Cheng , Huang Wei-Che
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Landslide monitoring is a crucial tool for the prevention of hazards. It is often the only solution for the survey and the early-warning of large landslides cannot be stabilized. The objective of present study is to use a low-cost image system to monitor the active landslides. We adopted the direct linear transformation (DLT) method in close range digital photogrammetry to measure terrain of landslide at the Huoyen Shan, Miaoli of central Taiwan and to compare measured results with e-GPS. The results revealed that the relative error in surface area was approximately 1.7% as comparing the photogrammetry with DLT method and e-GPS measurement. It showed that the close range digital photogrammetry with DLT method had the availability and capability to measure the landslides. The same methodology was then applied to measure the terrain before landslide and after landslide in the study area. The digital terrain model (DTM) was established and then was used to calculate the volume of the terrain before landslide and after landslide. The volume difference before and after landslides was 994.16 m3.
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC 3D ACQUISITION AND ANALYSIS OF MEDICAMENTOUS INDUCED PILOMOTOR REFLEX (“GOOSE BUMPS”)
Authors: Schneider D. , Hecht A.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. In a current study at the University Hospital Dresden, Department of Neurology, the autonomous function of nerve fibres of the human skin is investigated. For this purpose, a specific medicament is applied on a small area of the skin of a test person which results in a local reaction (goose bumps). Based on the extent of the area, where the stimulation of the nerve fibres is visible, it can be concluded how the nerve function of the skin works. The aim of the investigation described in the paper is to generate 3D data of these goose bumps. Therefore, the paper analyses and compares different photogrammetric surface measurement techniques in regard to their suitability for the 3D acquisition of silicone imprints of the human skin. Furthermore, an appropriate processing procedure for analysing the recorded point cloud data is developed and presented. It was experimentally proven that by using (low-cost) photogrammetric techniques medicamentous induced goose bumps can be acquired in three dimensions and can be analysed almost fully automatically from the perspective of medical research questions. The relative accuracy was determined with 1% (RMSE) of the area resp. the volume of an individual goose bump.
THE POTENTIAL OF LOW-COST RPAS FOR MULTI-VIEW RECONSTRUCTION OF SUB-VERTICAL ROCK FACES
Authors: Thoeni K. , Guccione D. E. , Santise M. , Giacomini A. , Roncella R. , Forlani G.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The current work investigates the potential of two low-cost off-the-shelf quadcopters for multi-view reconstruction of sub-vertical rock faces. The two platforms used are a DJI Phantom 1 equipped with a Gopro Hero 3+ Black and a DJI Phantom 3 Professional with integrated camera. The study area is a small sub-vertical rock face. Several flights were performed with both cameras set in time-lapse mode. Hence, images were taken automatically but the flights were performed manually as the investigated rock face is very irregular which required manual adjustment of the yaw and roll for optimal coverage. The digital images were processed with commercial SfM software packages. Several processing settings were investigated in order to find out the one providing the most accurate 3D reconstruction of the rock face. To this aim, all 3D models produced with both platforms are compared to a point cloud obtained with a terrestrial laser scanner. Firstly, the difference between the use of coded ground control targets and the use of natural features was studied. Coded targets generally provide the best accuracy, but they need to be placed on the surface, which is not always possible, as sub-vertical rock faces are not easily accessible. Nevertheless, natural features can provide a good alternative if wisely chosen as shown in this work. Secondly, the influence of using fixed interior orientation parameters or self-calibration was investigated. The results show that, in the case of the used sensors and camera networks, self-calibration provides better results. To support such empirical finding, a numerical investigation using a Monte Carlo simulation was performed.
3D SURVEY AND AUGMENTED REALITY FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE. THE CASE STUDY OF AURELIAN WALL AT CASTRA PRAETORIA IN ROME
Authors: Canciani M. , Conigliaro E. , Del Grasso M. , Papalini P. , Saccone M.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The development of close-range photogrammetry has produced a lot of new possibility to study cultural heritage. 3D data acquired with conventional and low cost cameras can be used to document, investigate the full appearance, materials and conservation status, to help the restoration process and identify intervention priorities. At the same time, with 3D survey a lot of three-dimensional data are collected and analyzed by researchers, but there are a very few possibility of 3D output. The augmented reality is one of this possible output with a very low cost technology but a very interesting result. Using simple mobile technology (for iPad and Android Tablets) and shareware software (in the case presented “Augment”) it is possible to share and visualize a large number of 3D models with your own device. The case study presented is a part of an architecture graduate thesis, made in Rome at Department of Architecture of Roma Tre University. We have developed a photogrammetric survey to study the Aurelian Wall at Castra Praetoria in Rome. The surveys of 8000 square meters of surface have allowed to identify stratigraphy and construction phases of a complex portion of Aurelian Wall, specially about the Northern door of Castra. During this study, the data coming out of 3D survey (photogrammetric and topographic), are stored and used to create a reverse 3D model, or virtual reconstruction, of the Northern door of Castra. This virtual reconstruction shows the door in the Tiberian period, nowadays it's totally hidden by a curtain wall but, little and significative architectural details allow to know its original feature. The 3D model of the ancient walls has been mapped with the exact type of bricks and mortar, oriented and scaled according to the existing one to use augmented reality. Finally, two kind of application have been developed, one on site, were you can see superimposed the virtual reconstruction on the existing walls using the image recognition. On the other hand, to show the results also during the graduation day, the same application has been created in off-site condition using a poster.
RECORDING AND MODELLING OF MONUMENTS' INTERIOR SPACE USING RANGE AND OPTICAL SENSORS
Authors: Georgiadis Charalampos , Patias Petros , Tsioukas Vasilios
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Three dimensional modelling of artefacts and building interiors is a highly active research field in our days. Several techniques are being utilized to perform such a task, spanning from traditional surveying techniques and photogrammetry to structured light scanners, laser scanners and so on. New technological advancements in both hardware and software create new recording techniques, tools and approaches. In this paper we present a new recording and modelling approach based on the SwissRanger SR4000 range camera coupled with a Canon 400D dSLR camera. The hardware component of our approach consists of a fixed base, which encloses the range and SLR cameras. The two sensors are fully calibrated and registered to each other thus we were able to produce colorized point clouds acquired from the range camera. In this paper we present the initial design and calibration of the system along with experimental data regarding the accuracy of the proposed approach. We are also providing results regarding the modelling of interior spaces and artefacts accompanied with accuracy tests from other modelling approaches based on photogrammetry and laser scanning.
3D VISUALIZATION FOR VIRTUAL MUSEUM DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Skamantzari M. , Georgopoulos A.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The interest in the development of virtual museums is nowadays rising rapidly. During the last decades there have been numerous efforts concerning the 3D digitization of cultural heritage and the development of virtual museums, digital libraries and serious games. The realistic result has always been the main concern and a real challenge when it comes to 3D modelling of monuments, artifacts and especially sculptures. This paper implements, investigates and evaluates the results of the photogrammetric methods and 3D surveys that were used for the development of a virtual museum. Moreover, the decisions, the actions, the methodology and the main elements that this kind of application should include and take into consideration are described and analysed. It is believed that the outcomes of this application will be useful to researchers who are planning to develop and further improve the attempts made on virtual museums and mass production of 3D models.
3D IMAGE BASED GEOMETRIC DOCUMENTATION OF THE TOWER OF WINDS
Authors: Tryfona M. S. , Georgopoulos A.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. This paper describes and investigates the implementation of almost entirely image based contemporary techniques for the three dimensional geometric documentation of the Tower of the Winds in Athens, which is a unique and very special monument of the Roman era. These techniques and related algorithms were implemented using a well-known piece of commercial software with extreme caution in the selection of the various parameters. Problems related to data acquisition and processing, but also to the algorithms and to the software implementation are identified and discussed. The resulting point cloud has been georeferenced, i.e. referenced to a local Cartesian coordinate system through minimum geodetic measurements, and subsequently the surface, i.e. the mesh was created and finally the three dimensional textured model was produced. In this way, the geometric documentation drawings, i.e. the horizontal section plans, the vertical section plans and the elevations, which include orthophotos of the monument, can be produced at will from that 3D model, for the complete geometric documentation. Finally, a 3D tour of the Tower of the Winds has also been created for a more integrated view of the monument. The results are presented and are evaluated for their completeness, efficiency, accuracy and ease of production.
THE FLORENCE BAPTISTERY: 3-D SURVEY AS A KNOWLEDGE TOOL FOR HISTORICAL AND STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONS
Authors: Tucci G. , Bonora V. , Fiorini L. , Conti A.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The Baptistery of San Giovanni is one of the most important pieces of architecture in Florence. It is an octagonal building, encrusted with marble both internally and externally (including the pyramidal roof) and covered inside by a magnificent dome with sparkling gold mosaics. During Dante’s time, it appeared much older than the other monuments, so its origins were considered as hailing straight from Florence’s most remote and mythical history. Even though we have much more data now, scholars still disagree over the interpretations on the origin and construction sequence of the monument. Survey has always been considered a main instrument for understanding historical architecture, mostly from constructional and structural points of view. During the last century, the Baptistery was surveyed using both traditional techniques and the most up-to-date instruments available at the time, such as topography, close-range photogrammetry and laser scanning. So, a review of those early applications, even if partial or isolated, can significantly attest to the state of the art and evolution of survey techniques. During recent years, the Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore promoted new research and a wide range of diagnostic investigations aimed at acquiring greater knowledge of the monument in anticipation of the cleaning and restoration of the outer wall surfaces during 2015. Among this research, GeCo Lab carried out a new systematic and complete laser scanner survey of the whole Baptistery, acquiring data for the more inaccessible parts that were given little attention during other survey campaigns. First of all, the paper analyses recent contributions given by instrumental surveys in advancing knowledge of the building, with references to the cutting-edge techniques and measurement tools used at the time. Then, it describes the new survey campaign, illustrating the approach followed in the planning, data acquisition and data elaboration phases; finally, it gives examples of some interpretations of the structure stemming from the new acquisitions.
THREE DIMENTIONAL RECONSTRUCTION OF LARGE CULTURAL HERITAGE OBJECTS BASED ON UAV VIDEO AND TLS DATA
Authors: Xu Z. , Wu T. H. , Shen Y. , Wu L.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. This paper investigates the synergetic use of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) in 3D reconstruction of cultural heritage objects. Rather than capturing still images, the UAV that equips a consumer digital camera is used to collect dynamic videos to overcome its limited endurance capacity. Then, a set of 3D point-cloud is generated from video image sequences using the automated structure-from-motion (SfM) and patch-based multi-view stereo (PMVS) methods. The TLS is used to collect the information that beyond the reachability of UAV imaging e.g., partial building facades. A coarse to fine method is introduced to integrate the two sets of point clouds UAV image-reconstruction and TLS scanning for completed 3D reconstruction. For increased reliability, a variant of ICP algorithm is introduced using local terrain invariant regions in the combined designation. The experimental study is conducted in the Tulou culture heritage building in Fujian province, China, which is focused on one of the TuLou clusters built several hundred years ago. Results show a digital 3D model of the Tulou cluster with complete coverage and textural information. This paper demonstrates the usability of the proposed method for efficient 3D reconstruction of heritage object based on UAV video and TLS data.
Dynamic influence of pinning points on marine ice-sheet stability: a numerical study in Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica
Authors: Favier Lionel , Pattyn Frank , Berger Sophie , Drews Reinhard
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The East Antarctic ice sheet is likely more stable than its West Antarctic counterpart, because its bed is largely lying above sea level. However, the ice sheet in Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, contains marine sectors that are in contact with the ocean through overdeepened marine basins interspersed by (more stable) grounded ice promontories and ice rises, pinning and stabilising the ice shelves. In this paper, we use the ice-sheet model BISICLES to investigate the effect of sub-ice shelf melting, using a series of scenarios compliant with current values, on the ice-dynamic stability of the outlet glaciers between the Lazarev and Roi Baudouin ice shelves over the next millennia. Overall, the sub-ice shelf melting substantially impacts the sea level contribution. Locally, we predict a short-term rapid grounding-line retreat of the overdeepened outlet glacier Hansenbreen, which further induces the collapse of the bordering ice promontories into ice rises. Furthermore, our analysis demonstrates that the onset of the marine ice-sheet retreat and subsequent promontory collapse is controlled by small pinning points within the ice shelves, mostly uncharted in pan-Antarctic datasets. Pinning points have a twofold impact on marine ice sheets. They decrease the ice discharge by buttressing effect, and play a crucial role in initialising marine ice sheets through data assimilation, leading to errors in ice-shelf rheology when omitted. Our results show that unpinning has a small effect on the total amount of sea level rise but locally affects the timing of grounding-line migration, advancing the collapse of a promontory by hundreds of years. On the other hand, omitting the same pinning point in data assimilation decreases the sea level contribution by 10 % and delays the promontory collapse by almost a millennium. This very subtle influence of pinning points on ice dynamics acts on kilometre scale and calls for a better knowledge of the Antarctic margins that will improve sea-level predictions.
PROPERTIES OF SBR FILLED WITH CARBON BLACK AND ARAMID PULP HYBRID FILLER: COMPARISON BETWEEN PREDISPERSED ARAMID PULP AND CONVENTIONAL ARAMID PULP
Authors: Nillawong Manuchet , Sae-oui Pongdhorn , Suchiva Krisda , Sirisinha Chakrit
Published: June 2016

Compounds of SBR incorporated with hybrid filler of carbon black (CB) and aramid pulp were prepared. The ratio of CB to aramid pulp was varied and its effects on viscoelastic and mechanical properties of the rubber were investigated. Two aramid pulp types were used in this study: conventional aramid pulp (CAP) and the predispersed aramid pulp (PAP). The rubber–filler interaction as indicated by bound rubber content decreases with increasing aramid pulp loading, regardless of the aramid pulp type. This results in a decrease in tensile and abrasion properties with increasing fiber loading. The energy dissipation properties of the hybrid composites are also poorer than those of the CB/SBR composite, as reflected by the heat buildup values. Use of predispersed aramid fiber resulted in improved dispersion of the fiber in SBR. Thus, Mooney viscosities of the PAP-filled systems are lower than those of the CAP-filled systems, but the percentages of elongation at breaks are higher. The distinct feature of aramid fiber/CB hybrid SBR composites is their high moduli over an extended range of temperatures up to 80°C that is unattainable with the use of CB alone.
Helseulikhetene består: hvordan kan de forklares og bekjempes?
Authors: Mæland m.fl John Gunnar
Published: June 2016

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Socioeconomic inequalities in health
Authors: Mæland m.fl. John Gunnar
Published: June 2016

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Social inequities in health – an overview with five perspectives
Authors: Hjort Peter F.
Published: June 2016

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Social inequalities in health: Biological, cognitive and learning theory perspectives
Authors: Eriksen Hege R. , Ursin Holger
Published: June 2016

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The selection hypothesis of social inequalities in health: The Oslo Mortality Study
Authors: Claussen Bjørgulf , Næss Øyvind
Published: June 2016

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Health inequalities and health policy: The Norwegian case
Authors: Dahl Espen
Published: June 2016

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Postgenomisk epidemiologi i et FUGE-perspektiv
Authors: Lie Rolv T. , Magnus Per
Published: June 2016

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Genetiske analyser i genetisk epidemiologi
Authors: Spurkland Anne , Harbo Hanne F.
Published: June 2016

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Analyse av pasient-foreldre triader; en praktisk gjennomgang
Authors: Lie Rolv T. , Jugessur Astanand
Published: June 2016

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Hva har tvillingundersøkelser gitt oss av kunnskap om arveligheten av astma?
Authors: Nystad Wenche , Magnus Per
Published: June 2016

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Performing Lolita: The Japanese Gothic and Lolita Subculture andConstructing Identity through Virtual Space
Authors: Hardy Bernal Kathryn
Published: June 2016

This article investigates the concept of constructing a“Lolita” identity in virtual space. It explores how members ofthe Japanese fashion-based Lolita subculture use the Internet to formulateimages of their desired selves in order to gain acceptance, and establish an“authentic” presence, within worldwide Lolita communities.While members may be geographically separated, they are united in thevirtual world. The affinity gained through online forms of interchange,especially social networking sites, is pertinent for Gothloli who liveoutside Japan, the movement’s place of origin, especially ifreal-life interactions are made less possible by lack of local congregation.However, a downside of Internet visibility, and a consequence of the abilityto hide behind an “anonymous” profile, is the prevalence ofcyberbullying, due to pressures to “fit in,” and thuscompetition and jealousy. This article focuses on these paradoxes and thepositive and negative influences on the Lolita subculture in virtualspace.
EDIFICANDO UM CONGÁ PARA A MEMÓRIA JOINVILENSE: AS RELIGIÕES MEDIÚNICAS PRESENTES NA GESTÃO DA MEMÓRIA DE UMA CIDADE
Authors: Isaia Artur Cesar , Machado Elaine Cristina
Published: June 2016

Este texto expõe problematizações acerca da (in)visibilidade da umbanda em Joinville e da pluralidade religiosa presente na cidade. A partir da segunda metade do século XX sobressai em Joinville uma preocupação de preservar o passado da cidade por meio da guarda de documentos e das edificação de espaços de guarda da memória da cidade. No desejo de preservar o passado há uma operação de seletividade em movimento e em meio a esse investimento residem ações que conjugam, somam e subtraem aquilo que deve e merece ser guardado. Assim, ao investigarmos a composição e a dinâmica do campo religioso em Joinville nos deparamos com um exercício de enquadramento e cerceamento das religiões mediúnicas residindo em meio as preocupações de preservação da memória de uma cidade que celebra seu pioneirismo germânico.
Cloning of SjCA gene and its expression analysis on upland cottons
Authors: Kong Jingjing , Lu Xuke , Zhao Xiaojie , Yin Zujun , Wang Shuai , Wang Delong , Wang Junjuan , Fan Weili , Ye Wuwei
Published: June 2016

Acquisition of salt-tolerant genes from exogenous plants to improve cotton salt resistance has always been a hotspot of research on cotton salt resistance. However, the information regarding the method of conversion of living cotton pollens by portable gene gun technology is still little. Complete sequence information of the Carbonic Anhydrase (CA) gene was obtained from NCBI database, and its full ORF length sequence was cloned by RT-PCR technology. After the construction of pBI121-CA::GFP fusion expression vector, we used cotton pollens from upland cotton varieties Y-2067, ZA-23, and GZ-2, which have weaker autofluorescence, to conduct the research on the transient expression of cotton pollens in vivo via particle bombardment (gene gun technology). The results indicated that green fluorescence enhancement of the three kinds of cotton pollens was realized after the CA gene transformation, meaning that the CA gene expression level was increased. Besides, the salt tolerance germination ability of transgenic T1 seeds was also improved. Our research initially established a transient expression system of cotton pollen in vivo via particle bombardment technology, laying the theoretical foundation for further research of cotton genetic transformation and creation of cotton salt-tolerant germplasm.
Femoral Deformity May Be More Predictive of Hip Range of Motion Than Severity of Acetabular Disease in Patients With Acetabular Dysplasia: An Analysis of the ANCHOR Cohort
Authors: Fabricant Peter D. , Sankar Wudbhav N. , Seeley Mark A. , Beaulé Paul E. , Clohisy John C. , Kim Young-jo , Millis Michael B. , Peters Christopher L. , Podeszwa David A. , Schoenecker Perry L. , Sierra Rafael J. , Sink Ernest L. , Sucato Daniel J. , Zaltz Ira
Published: June 2016

Background: It is generally believed that acetabular dysplasia (AD) is associated with increased hip range of motion (ROM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between dysplasia severity and hip ROM in a large multicenter cohort.

Methods: A prospective registry of patients undergoing periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic AD by 1 of 13 surgeons was used to analyze 1,051 patients (mean age, 26 ± 10 years). Multivariable linear regression modeling was used to investigate for associations between dysplasia severity (severe, <5°; moderate, 5° to 15°; mild, >15°), α angle, and hip ROM.

Results: When controlling for age, sex, body mass index, and α angle, only internal (α = 1.94; P = 0.005) and external (α = −2.63; P < 0.001) rotation in extension were significantly different between groups with increasing dysplasia severity. Alpha angle was greater for those with severe AD compared with subjects with mild disease (60° ± 16° versus 57° ± 15°; P = 0.038). Alpha angle was also significantly correlated with rotational ROM parameters (internal and external rotation in flexion and extension) (Pearson r, range: −0.077 to −0.216; P < 0.05 for all), but not with linear motion.

Conclusions: Internal rotation in extension was directly associated with dysplasia severity, whereas external rotation in extension was inversely associated. Furthermore, α angle was greater with increasing dysplasia severity and predictive of rotational ROM parameters. Taken together, these data suggest that femoral-sided deformity, including α angle and possibly femoral version, may be responsible for differences in ROM based on dysplasia severity.

Level of Evidence: Level III, Prognostic
Trained and dedicated staff appears to be the main factor in decreasing anxiety and improving overall satisfaction during urodynamic testing: A prospective, randomized trial
Authors: Khavari Rose , Gu Cindy , Tran Anastasia C. , Chan Robert
Published: June 2016

Introduction: We sought to determine whether listening to patientselected music during urodynamic study (UDS) reduced pain and anxiety while increasing overall patient satisfaction and willingness to repeat the procedure.Methods: Fifty-one (51) patients who underwent UDS from March to July 2014 were randomized into two groups: Group 1 with patient-selected music during the procedure (n=27) and Group 2 without music (n=24). Standard multichannel filling cystometry was performed. Anxiety was self-assessed using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory, while overall pain, satisfaction, and willingness to undergo the procedure again were self-measured using a visual analogue scale.Results: Demographic characteristics and reasons for testing were similar between the two groups. The state score for Groups 1 and 2 were 27.04 and 29.5, respectively (p=0.3225) and 31.78 and 33.86, respectively (p=0.4970) for the trait score. The mean pain scores were 1.04 and 1.57, respectively (p=0.2047); the mean satisfaction scores were 0.65 and 0.52, respectively (p=0.8169); and the scores for willingness to undergo the procedure again were 0.77 and 0.74, respectively (p=0.9442). While there were no significant differences between the two groups in anxiety and satisfaction scores, pain, and willingness to undergo the procedure again, both groups commented on the nurse as the most important factor in their overall comfort.Conclusions: Music during UDS did not appear to lower pain and anxiety, nor increase overall satisfaction and willingness to repeat the procedure. The most important aspect in alleviating patients’ pain and anxiety was the person actually performing the testing, highlighting the importance of having trained and dedicated staff.
Mapping a competency-based surgical curriculum in urology: Agreement (and discrepancies) in the Canadian national opinion
Authors: Rourke Keith Francis , MacNeily Andrew E.
Published: June 2016

Introduction: Urology residency training in Canada is quickly evolving from a time-based to a competency-based model. We aim to better define core surgical competencies that would comprise a surgical curriculum and assess any discrepancies in opinion nationally.Methods: A web-based survey was validated and sent to the 536 practicing members of the Canadian Urological Association (CUA) in August and October 2014. The survey consisted of questions regarding practice demographics, fellowship training, and evaluated the 76 most common urological procedures (using a five-point Likert scale) in the context of the question, “After completion of residency training in Canada a urologist should be proficient in…” A core procedure was defined as one for which there was ≥75% agreement. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric testing were used to summarize the findings.Results: A total of 138 urologists completed the survey (25.7% response rate) with representation from all geographic regions. Respondents included 40.6% community and 59.4% academic urologists. The survey identified 16 procedures with 90‒100% agreement and a total of 30 core procedures with ≥75% agreement. When comparing community and academic urologists, there was statistically significant disagreement on 27 procedures, including 11 core procedures, most notably cystectomy (88.5% agreement vs. 67.1%; p=0.002), open pyeloplasty (84.6% vs. 65.8%; p=0.04), simple prostatectomy (78.9% vs. 69.7%; p=0.03), perineal urethrostomy (80.8% vs. 67.1%; p=0.02), open radical prostatectomy (96.1% vs. 80.3%; p=0.007), and Boari flap (90.4% vs. 76.3%; p=0.004). Regional discrepancies were also found, demonstrating eight procedures deemed uniquely core and three core procedures deemed less important regionally.Conclusions: This national survey has provided some consensus on 30 procedures that should comprise a core surgical curriculum in urology. However, there are some key differences of opinion (most notably between community and academic urologists) that must be considered.
Thermal conductivity of vertically aligned boron nitride nanotubes
Authors: Belkerk Boubakeur Essedik , Achour Amine , Zhang Dongyan , Sahli Salah , Djouadi M-Abdou , Yap Yoke Khin
Published: June 2016

For the first time, we report the thermal conductivity of vertically aligned boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) films produced by catalytic chemical vapor deposition. High-quality BNNTs were synthesized at 1200 °C on fused silica substrates precoated with Pt thin-film thermometers. The thermal conductivity of the BNNTs was measured at room temperature by using a pulsed photothermal technique. The apparent thermal conductivity of the BNNT coatings increased from 55 to 170 W m−1 K−1 when the thickness increased from 10 to 28 µm, while the thermal conductivity attained a value as high as 2400 W m−1 K−1. These results suggested that BNNTs, which are highly thermally conductive, but electrically insulating, are promising materials with unique properties.
Effect of hotspot position fluctuation to writing capability in heated-dot magnetic recording
Authors: Tipcharoen Warunee , Warisarn Chanon , Kaewrawang Arkom , Kovintavewat Piya
Published: June 2016

This work presents the effect of hotspot position fluctuation to writing capability in heated-dot magnetic recording systems at an areal density (AD) beyond 2 Tbpsi via a micromagnetic modeling. At high ADs, the hotspot and the write field gradient may not be correctly focused on the target island because the bit islands are closely positioned to one another. This may lead to the overwriting/erasing of the previously written islands, which can severely affect the recording performance. Therefore, this work studies the 3-by-3 data patterns that easily cause an error when the hotspot and write head positions are fluctuated by various island pitches. Simulation results indicate that the data pattern that leads to the highest/lowest error occurrence frequency is the one with the first, second and fourth islands having the opposite/same magnetization direction to/as the write field, regardless of the magnetization direction of the third island. This result can, for example, be utilized to design a two-dimensional modulation code to prevent such destructive data patterns, thus helping enhance the overall system performance.
Nest survival patterns in Eurasian Bittern: effect of nest age, time and habitat variables
Authors: Polak Marcin
Published: June 2016

Determining the key factors affecting the reproductive success of nesting birds is crucial in order to better understand the population dynamics of endangered species and to introduce effective conservation programmes for them. Inhabiting a variety of wetland habitats, aquatic birds actively select safe nesting sites so as to protect their nests against predators. The main aim of the present work was to assess the effect of temporal and habitat variables on the daily nest survival rate of Eurasian Bitterns colonizing semi--natural fishpond habitat in eastern Poland. MARK software was used for the modelling. Eurasian Bittern nests were most vulnerable to depredation at the beginning of the breeding season. This was probably because the reedbed vegetation at this time was not yet dense enough to effectively conceal the nests. There was a positive relationship between nest age and the daily survival rate. Two of the habitat variables analysed were of the greatest significance: water depth and vegetation density. In the Eurasian Bittern population studied here, nests built over deep water and in dense vegetation had the best chances of survival. The results of this work may be useful in the preparation of plans for the conservation and management of populations of this rare and endangered species. Conservation and restoration efforts that attempt to maintain high water levels will be especially beneficial to this avian species that is dependent on wetland ecosystems for breeding.
Adolescents and Young Adults’ Sources of Contraceptive Information
Authors: Pleasants Elizabeth , Whitfield Brooke , Pleasure Zoe H. , Larsen Ci’erra , Johnson Dana , Steiner Riley J. , Lindberg Laura D.
Published: September 2024

This cross-sectional study examines whether there is an association between adolescents and young adults’ preferred and actual sources of contraceptive information and reporting sufficient contraceptive information.
Kidney Health Monitoring in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Graduates
Authors: Starr Michelle C. , Harer Matthew W. , Steflik Heidi J. , Gorga Stephen , Ambalavanan Namasivayam , Beck Tara M. , Chaudhry Paulomi M. , Chmielewski Jennifer L. , Defreitas Marissa J. , Fuhrman Dana Y. , Hanna Mina , Joseph Catherine , Kwiatkowski David M. , Krawczeski Catherine D. , Liberio Brianna M. , Menon Shina , Mohamed Tahagod H. , Rumpel Jennifer A. , Sanderson Keia R. , Schuh Meredith P. , Segar Jeffrey L. , Slagle Cara L. , Soranno Danielle E. , Vuong Kim T. , Charlton Jennifer R. , Gist Katja M. , Askenazi David J. , Selewski David T. ,   Neonatal Kidney Health Consensus Workshop, Abitbol Carolyn L. , Ahmad Kaashif A. , Bignall O.N. Ray , Condit Paige E. , Deford Amanda B. , Feeney Alex , Gillen Matthew C. , Guillet Ronnie , Isaac Jaya S. , Jackson Caroline V. , Jetton Jennifer G. , Laster Marciana L. , Lowe Kathryn J. , Marcuccilli Morgan E. , Merrill Kyle A. , Niemyjski Emily A. , Obregon Evelyn , Rademacher Erin R. , Rajadhyaksha Evan A. , Reidy Kimberly J. , Schwartz Samantha R. , Scott Emily K. , Short Kara C. , Stoops Christine N. , Todukar Namrata
Published: September 2024

Importance

Kidney disease is common in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Despite the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in infants discharged from the NICU, neither evidence- nor expert-based recommendations exist to guide clinical care after discharge.

Objective

To develop recommendations for risk stratification and kidney health monitoring among infants after discharge from the NICU.

Evidence Review

At the National Institute of Health–supported Consensus Workshop to Address Kidney Health in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Graduates meeting conducted in February 2024, a panel of 51 neonatal nephrology experts focused on 3 at-risk groups: (1) preterm infants, (2) critically ill infants with acute kidney injury (AKI), and (3) infants with critical cardiac disease. Using established modified Delphi processes, workgroups derived consensus recommendations.

Findings

In this modified Delphi consensus statement, the panel developed 10 consensus recommendations, identified gaps in knowledge, and prioritized areas of future research. Principal suggestions include risk stratification at time of hospital discharge, family and clinician education and counseling for subsequent kidney health follow-up, and blood pressure assessment as part of outpatient care.

Conclusions and Relevance

Preterm infants, critically ill infants with AKI, and infants with critical cardiac disease are at increased risk of CKD. We recommend (1) risk assessment at the time of discharge, (2) clinician and family education, and (3) kidney health assessments based on the degree of risk. Future work should focus on improved risk stratification, identification of early kidney dysfunction, and development of interventions to improve long-term kidney health.
Leveraging current insights on IL‐10‐producing dendritic cells for developing effective immunotherapeutic approaches
Authors: Morali Konstantina , Giacomello Gloria , Vuono Michela , Gregori Silvia
Published: September 2024

Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen‐presenting cells involved in promoting and controlling immune responses. Different subsets of DC, named tolerogenic (tol)DC, play a critical role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and in fostering tolerance. These unique skills make tolDC especially attractive for strategies aimed at re‐establishing/inducing tolerance in immune‐mediated conditions. The generation of potent tolDC in vitro from peripheral blood monocytes has seen remarkable advancements. TolDC modulate T cell dynamics by favoring regulatory T cells (Tregs) and curbing effector/pathogenic T cells. Among the several methods developed for in vitro tolDC generation, IL‐10 conditioning has been proven to be the most efficient, as IL‐10‐modulated tolDC were demonstrated to promote Tregs with the strongest suppressive activities. Investigating the molecular, metabolic, and functional profiles of tolDC uncovers essential pathways that facilitate their immunoregulatory functions. This Review provides an overview of current knowledge on the role of tolDC in health and disease, focusing on IL‐10 production, functional characterization of in vitro generated tolDC, molecular and metabolic changes occurring in tolDC induced by tolerogenic agents, clinical applications of tolDC‐based therapy, and finally new perspectives in the generation of effective tolDC.
Differences Between True and False Memories Using the Criteria‐Based Content Analysis
Authors: Wachendörfer Merle Madita , Oeberst Aileen
Published: September 2024

Although not designed for distinguishing true and false memories, several reasons argue for differences in the criteria‐based content analysis (CBCA). As, to the best of our knowledge, previous research did not ensure a comparison between true and false memories, this study sought to do so. Memory reports of 52 participants were rated employing the CBCA by two independent raters. Analyses were based on event reports rated as a memory (where participants believed that the event had occurred and reported additionally remembered details about it) or reports rated as a belief (where participants believed that the event had occurred without remembering details about it). For both samples, the CBCA total score was significantly higher for true than false reports. Exploratory discriminant analyses revealed accuracy rates of 61.3%–69.6% and additional analyses hint towards the cognitive (vs. motivational) criteria as the main drivers of the obtained differences. Further replications are needed.
Recent Progress in Ultrasonic Surface Rolling: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Yang Yang , Huang Tao , Ye Chang , Ding Han
Published: September 2024

Metals and their alloys have found extensive applications in numerous fields. Various surface modification techniques have received significant attention for their potential to improve the adaptability of materials to complex environments. One such technique, the ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP), introduces a deformation layer by applying static stress and dynamic impacts to the surface of metallic materials. During USRP treatment, remarkable beneficial compressive residual stresses (CRS) and hardened layers are induced and, simultaneously, the surface finish of the material is improved. These modifications not only effectively suppress the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks but also significantly enhance the mechanical properties, wear, and corrosion resistance of the materials, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of structural components. The review starts with the mechanisms of USRP, discussing grain refinement, control of surface roughness, and the introduction of beneficial CRS. Subsequent sections provide a comprehensive analysis of how these modifications impact material properties, encompassing hardness, plasticity, fatigue, wear, and corrosion resistance. Furthermore, it introduces the latest advancements in USRP technology, including thermal/electric pulse‐assisted USRP, its integration with other surface treatment methods, and its applications and prospects across various fields.
Rational Modeling and Design of Piezoelectric Biomolecular Thin Films toward Enhanced Energy Harvesting and Sensing
Authors: Dong Liwei , Ke Yun , Liao Yifan , Wang Jingyu , Gao Mingyuan , Yang Yaowen , Li Jun , Yang Fan
Published: September 2024

The dynamic electromechanical coupling behavior of composite materials is highly dependent on external excitation frequency. While degradable biomolecular materials typically exhibit lower piezoelectric coefficients compared to ceramics, neglecting their frequency‐dependent performance in the design of piezoelectric devices further leads to less efficient utilization of their piezoelectric properties. This oversight greatly hinders the practical application of these materials. To address this, a novel fractional derivation (FD) theory‐assisted model is introduced to reversely design the glycine‐polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) thin films for versatile enhanced bio‐applications. An electromechanical coupling model incorporating FD theory is developed to learn the relationships between FD parameters, film dimensions, and dynamic electromechanical properties. This model accurately predicts the electromechanical performance of the films across a wide frequency range, validated by both finite element simulations and experimental results. This therefore allows to establish key design principles for piezoelectric thin film in bioenergy harvesting and sensing, by tailoring thin film parameters to enhance the piezoelectric performance at specific stimuli frequencies. Demonstrations of glycine‐PVA film devices guided by this model reveal excellent performance in ultrasonic energy harvesting and carotid artery bio‐signal sensing. This study provides a robust theoretical framework for designing and optimizing biodegradable piezoelectric materials for various practical applications.
Stabilizing Nickel‐Rich Cathodes in Aqueous Process through Nanocellulose as Water Barrier
Authors: Wang Ying , Fang Ying , Huang Luyao , Wang Jiwei , Zhou Hua , Wang Guanyi , Wu Qingliu , Wang Guofeng , Zhu Hongli
Published: September 2024

Nickel‐rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NMC 811) cathode offers high voltage and high specific capacity, making it promising for high energy density batteries. However, large‐scale manufacturing of aqueous‐processed NMC 811 electrodes remains challenging due to proton exchange causing material decomposition and capacity loss. This work addresses this issue by constructing an in situ nanocellulose protective layer for NMC 811 particles via electrostatic interactions during the slurry preparation. For the first time, the interatomic spacing between inter‐chains of nanocellulose is measured through wide‐angle X‐ray scattering and demonstrate the ability to effectively confine interlayer water using atomistic simulations. Moreover, this nanocellulose coverage simultaneously minimizes Li+ surface segregation and mitigates water infiltration. Owing to less material decomposition during the aqueous processing, nanocellulose‐protected NMC electrodes exhibit higher initial coulombic efficiency (83% vs 62% at 0.1C) and capacity (133 vs 59 mAh g−1 at 6C) than unprotected electrodes. Additionally, optimized aqueous‐processed NMC electrodes offer comparable or even superior electrochemical properties compared to the electrodes fabricated using the conventional toxic organic solvent, N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone. Consequently, the developed approach enables affordable, sustainable aqueous processing for Nickel‐rich NMC 811 cathodes with excellent electrochemical performances.
Rapid Forming, Robust Adhesive Fungal‐Sourced Chitosan Hydrogels Loaded with Deferoxamine for Sutureless Short‐Gap Peripheral Nerve Repair
Authors: Dong Qi , Shi Kai , Ai Junjie , Yang Junfeng , Yang Kaidan , Chen Ruina , Wang Yachao , Zhou Yingshan
Published: September 2024

Clinically, conventional sutures for repair of short‐distance nerve injuries (< 5 mm) may contribute to uncontrolled inflammation and scar formation, thus negatively impacting nerve regeneration. To repair transected peripheral nerves with short distances, a rapid‐forming, robust adhesive chitosan hydrogel is prepared by synthesizing maleic and dopamine bi‐functionalized fungal‐sourced chitosan (DM) and subsequently photopolymerizing DM precursor solution. The hydrogel rapidly polymerized under UV light irradiation (≈2 s) and possessed a strong adhesive strength (273.33 ± 55.07 kPa), facilitating a fast bonding of nerve stump. Especially, its tailored degradation profile over 28 days supported both early gap bridging and subsequent nerve regeneration. Furthermore, deferoxamine (DFO), a pro‐angiogenic drug, is loaded into the hydrogel to reach sustainable release, accelerating axonal growth synergistically. A 3 mm long sciatic nerve defects model in rats is used to investigate the efficacy of DM@DFO hydrogel for repairing peripheral nerve defects. After 60 days, the DM@DFO hydrogel significantly outperformed conventional sutures and fibrin glue, improving motor and sensory recovery by reducing inflammation, inhibiting scar formation, and accelerating vascular regeneration within 14 days post‐repair. This work highlights the DM@DFO hydrogel as a promising tissue adhesive for effective short‐distance peripheral nerve repair.