bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Pembusukan dengan Penentuan Sebab Kematian pada Jenazah Tanpa Identitas yang Dilakukan Otopsi di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Tahun 2011-2021
Authors: Baskoro Muhammad Adam , Suwandono Adji , Wujoso Hari
Published: August 2023

Pendahuluan: Ilmu kedokteran forensik memiliki peran dalam membantu permasalahan di bidang hukum, salah satunya dalam proses identifikasi jenazah. Otopsi merupakan teknik pemeriksaan forensik dengan pembedahan untuk mengetahui kondisi organ dalam jenazah. Pemeriksaan forensik juga dapat memeriksa sebab kematian serta pembusukan pada jenazah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara pembusukan dengan penentuan sebab kematian pada jenazah tanpa identitas berdasarkan visum et repertum di RSUD Dr. Moewardi tahun 2011-2021 .
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan teknik pengambilan sampel total sampling pada berkas visium et repertum jenazah tanpa identitas di RSUD Dr. Moewardi tahun 2011-2021. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik chi-square untuk uji menguji hipotesis.
Hasil: Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji statistik chi-square menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pembusukan dengan penetuan sebab kematian, dengan hasil p = 0,003 dan nilai (value) chi-square sebesar 9,022 dengan nilai derajat kebebasan (df) sebesar 1.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang antara pembusukan dengan penetuan sebab kematian pada kasus jenazah tanpa identitas yang diperiksa.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera, Lam.) Terhadap Ekspresi Reseptor ACE2 Pankreas Tikus Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Model Sindrom Metabolik
Authors: Julian Lydia , Budiani Dyah Ratna , Jarot Subandono
Published: August 2023

Pendahuluan: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 merupakan enzim yang berada pada membran sel beberapa organ, salah satunya pankreas. ACE2 memiliki fungsi untuk mengkatalis perubahan angiotensin II menjadi angiotensin 1-7. Pada penderita sindrom metabolik terjadi hiperglikemia, hiperinsulinemia, obesitas, serta resistensi insulin yang meningkatkan produksi angiotensin II dan aktivitas sistem RAS. Ekspresi ACE2 meningkat sebagai kompensasi dari peningkatan sistem RAS. Daun kelor memiliki mampu mengatasi sindrom metabolik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh ekstrak etanolik daun kelor terhadap ekspresi reseptor ACE2 pankreas tikus wistar terinduksi sindrom metabolik.

Metode: Penelitian bersifat eksperimental laboratorik dengan post-test only control group design. Sampel berupa 30 tikus dibagi kedalam 5 kelompok, KI sebagai kelompok kontrol; KII sebagai kelompok model SM diinduksi STZ-NA serta pakan tinggi lemak; KIII, KIV, dan KV sebagai kelompok model SM diinduksi STZ-NA, pakan tinggi lemak, dengan perlakuan asupan  ekstrak etanolik daun kelor selama 28 hari dengan dosis 150 mg/kgBB, 250 mg/kgBB, dan 350 mg/kgBB. Ekspresi reseptor ACE2 dihitung menggunakan rumus Intensity Distribution Score. Analisis menggunakan uji one-way ANOVA dan uji post-hoc Tukey HSD.

Hasil: Ekspresi reseptor ACE2 tertinggi pada KII (222.56) dan terendah pada KV (188.38). Uji statistik didapatkan ekspresi reseptor ACE2 signifikan (p<0.05) pada KI terhadap KIV dan KV; KII terhadap KIV dan KV. Selain kelompok tersebut didapatkan perbedaan ekspresi reseptor ACE2 yang tidak signifikan (p>0.05).

Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanolik daun kelor dengan dosis 250 mg/kgBB dan 350 mg/kgBB mampu menurunkan ekspresi reseptor ACE2 pankreas tikus wistar model sindrom metabolik secara signifikan.
The Difference Incident Rate Of Sepsis Between Hemodialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients With Heart Failure And Non-Heart Failure
Authors: Budiyanto Sandya Naufal , Nurhayatun Evi , Prasetyo Diding Heri
Published: August 2023

Introduction:Sepsis is one of the deadliest diseases in the world because it can cause 2-8 million deaths yearly. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the predisposing factors for sepsis. The more deteriorating the condition of a kidney, it can lead to cardio-renal syndrome interactions, resulting in heart diseases, including heart failure. Chronic kidney disease and heart failure theoretically have several mechanisms that could underlie the occurrence of sepsis. This study aimed to determine the difference in the incidence of sepsis in patients with heart failure and non-heart failure with hemodialysis CKD.

Methods:This research is an analytic observational with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples used reached 90 data. Sampling was carried out at Dr Hospital. Moewardi in the 2019-2021 period. The researcher used purposive sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study. The research sample was obtained from the patient's medical record data. Data analysis used SPSS 26 software and the Chi-square test for bivariate analysis.

Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of sepsis between patients with heart failure and non-heart failure with CKD hemodialysis with p-value of 0.581 (P>0.05).

Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the incidence of sepsis between patients with heart failure and non-heart failure with CKD hemodialysis.
Acute Pancreatitis In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Multiple Stones In The Cystic Ductus
Authors: Dewi Hana Indriyah , Edya Nugraha Adhizti Naluriannisa , Marthasari Rianita , Hernawan Basundara Aditya , Putri Desy Puspa , Prabowo Nurhasan Agung
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Severe upper abdominal pain is one of the symptoms of acute pancreatitis that often occurs in other diseases, such as peptic ulcer, acute hepatitis, cholangitis, and cholecystitis. Gallstone-induced acute pancreatitis has considerable morbidity and mortality.

Case illustration: A 50-year-old man came to the ED with a chief complaint of severe abdominal pain in the upper abdomen, VAS 8-9. His past medical history was unknown. On arrival, blood pressure was 141/102 mmHg, pulse was 98x/minute, and temperature was 36.4ºC. CT Scan of the abdomen showed pancreatitis and multiple stones in the cystic duct. Amylase and lipase serum results were 1897U/L and >3000 U/L.

Discussion: In acute pancreatitis caused by gallstones, stones usually get stuck in the branches of the pancreaticobiliary duct. Obstruction at this location causes reflux of bile into the pancreatic duct. Smaller gallstones are more likely to induce pancreatitis because they migrate more easily between bile ducts. This patient was suspected of having a previously unknown history of DM, which contributed to the patient's worsening condition.

Conclusion: Early management and treatment of triage, fluid resuscitation, and detection of local or systemic complications are essential. In pancreatitis due to gallstones, decisions about the need and timing of procedural intervention are critical. 
Boosted Mutated Corona Virus Optimization Routing Protocol (Bmcvorp) for Reliable Data Transmission with Efficient Energy Utilization
Authors: R Karthikeyan , Vadivel R.
Published: August 2023

The device was invented to sense the variations in the deployed Environment, which takes different dimensions in its functionality. The basic operation does not change; it is the same surveillance, gathering and alert. Human intervention in all places is not possible and efficient monitoring in all circumstances cannot be done manually. Wireless Sensor Networks give the solution for the above-specified problem, continuous efficient monitoring and alerting on time without human intervention in any circumstances. Deploying WSNs and extracting efficient performance requires a strong technology backup. However, it's a machine in logical connectivity that may face several technical issues while transferring the gathered data. It has to be rectified, and efficient service to be provided in the deployed application. Finding the safest and fastest path is one of the critical tasks in the WSN. To achieve that, Bio-Inspired Computing will be used as a tool for designing the protocol to attain the fastest reliable network, even if it deals with the other problems in WSN, such as efficient energy utilization from the battery. In such a way, the Paper is proposed based on the exceptional and exciting behavior of one of the living things, which shook the entire world for almost two years in all aspects, and even a few countries are still seeking a way to come back from its impact, the reason for global lockdown, born with the crown, founder of social distancing, which is popularly known as "Corona" the virus.
Spectral and Energy Efficiency for Uplink Massive MIMO Systems
Authors: Zeeshan Muhammad , Ahmad Ishtiaq
Published: August 2023

Mobile networks like 5G, 6G, and the beyond facing aggravating challenges regarding the handling of an increasing number of massive devices. In fact, a large number of terminal sends bunch of streams to small array of antennas simultaneously. This increasing burst of data traffic requires prudent handlers therefore, a large array of Multiuser Multi input and Multi out (MIMO) strategies has been proposed to handle the growing demand of mobile traffic. In the first phase, the spectral, and energy efficiency of uplinking massive MIMO system has been achieved through linear receivers which compute the factors like Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), Zero Forcing (ZF), and Maximum Ratio Combing (MRC). While in the second phase the relationship between received power and the base station antenna is analyzed by considering the perfect and imperfect channel state information. The outcome of the proposed method has been analyzed through MATLAB simulation which vouched that MRC receivers have performed worse than the MMSE and ZF receivers. Nonetheless, when power levels have dropped the crosstalk provided by the lower MRC cascades under the noise threshold, making the receiver a feasible option. Subsequently, the tradeoff between spectral and energy efficiency is analyzed by comparing to a small antenna array and it has been proven that by employing a fairly large antenna array i.e; 100 antennas, the energy and spectral efficiency can be enhanced by orders of 4 and 3 magnitudes respectively.
Barriers and facilitators to using procedural pain treatments in pediatric patients: protocol for a systematic review and meta-synthesis
Authors: Yan Chunji , Hu Jiale , Kang Jiamin , Xing Xueyan , Tu Shumin , Zhou Fang
Published: August 2023

Background The incidence of procedural pain is high in pediatric patients. Poorly treated pain will contribute to a variety of short-term and long-term adverse effects in children. There are many evidence-based effective pain treatments for reducing procedural pain, such as topical anesthetics, skin-to-skin care, sweet solutions, and breastfeeding; however, in clinical settings, the rate of using these effective procedural pain treatments is still very low. This systematic review aims to synthesize the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of effective procedural pain treatments in pediatric patients.
Methods Primary studies will be included if they report any barriers or facilitators to procedural pain treatments in pediatric patients. There are no restrictions on the year and language of publication of studies. Both published studies and grey literature will be identified. We will search published studies through Medline(OVID), EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus. Grey literature will be searched through Google Scholar, OpenGrey, e-theses online service, ProQuest, WorldCat, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, Open Access Theses and Dissertations, and public health organization websites. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool will be used to assess all studies' quality. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research will be used as a theoretical framework to code the barriers and facilitators in each study. A meta-synthesis method will be used to synthesize the findings across studies.
Discussion In this review, the CFIR framework will be used to systematically collect and analyze barriers and facilitators to procedural pain management in pediatric patients. The mixed studies review is necessary to include the heterogeneity of different studies to give us a more complete picture of the context in which the intervention was implemented. The next step could be to develop interventions that target these factors to better improve clinical outcomes for patients.
Systematic review registration CRD42022322319
Maximal detrusor pressure can be predicted using technetium-99m-mercaptoacetyltriglycin renal scintigraphy in the early stages of spinal cord injury
Authors: Shin Ji Cheol , Lee Su Ji
Published: August 2023

Study design: Retrospective cohort study
Objective: To investigate the potential of technetium-99m-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (99mTc-MAG-3) renal scintigraphy in predicting maximal detrusor pressure in the early stages of spinal cord injury (SCI).
Setting: Tertiary rehabilitation facility
Methods: Medical records of individuals with SCI admitted between January 202 and April 2023 who underwent both 99mTc-MAG-3 renal scintigraphy and urodynamic study within 90 days of SCI onset were retrospectively reviewed. Pearson's coefficient analysis was performed to determine the relationship between 99mTc-MAG-3 renal scintigraphy findings and urodynamic study findings. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to determine the best predictors of maximal detrusor pressure. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine risk factors for high detrusor pressure.
Results: Ninety-four participants were enrolled in this study. The Pearson's correlation analysis showed that ERPF and ERPF (% predicted) were significantly correlated with maximal detrusor pressure. The multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that ERPF (% predicted) was a significant predictor of maximal detrusor pressure. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ERPF (% predicted) was significantly associated with high detrusor pressure. Receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated that the predictive model had an area under the curve of 0.725, and the cut-off value for ERPF (% predicted) was 64.05%, with a sensitivity of 1.000 and specificity of 0.429.
Conclusion: These results suggest that 99mTc-MAG-3 renal scintigraphy may be useful for predicting high detrusor pressure in early SCI, and may guide the timing of urodynamic studies in individuals with early SCI for appropriate management of neurogenic bladder.
Spatial Distribution of Malaria Prevalence and Predictors Among Pregnant Women in Ondo State, Southwest, Nigeria
Authors: Ekpa Dave Eleojo , Arije Olujide , Eunice Salubi , Osunde Michael Omofowa , Aluko Olufemi Oludare
Published: August 2023

Globally, malaria increase the rate maternal mortality. Nigeria has high malaria endemicity and the world's highest malaria burden. Nigeria reports about 51 million cases and 31.3% mortality annually, while 97% of the population (213.4m) is at risk. Malaria killed no fewer than 200,000 Nigerians, of which there were 61 million cases that were responsible for 11% of maternal mortality in Nigeria in 2021. This study examined the prevalence and patterns of malaria endemicity among pregnant women in Ondo State, and determined the malaria prevalence from 2013–2017. Geospatial technology was employed to examine the distribution of malaria cases among pregnant women and one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the malaria prevalence in eight Local Government Areas. Temporal analysis revealed a gradual increase in malaria occurrence over the years. In 2013, 2015, and 2017, Akure South recorded the highest prevalence, with approximately 8 cases (40.11%), 5 cases (23.64%), and 9 cases (27.94%) per 1000 pregnant women, respectively. Ondo East had the highest prevalence of 9 cases (27.06%) in 2014, while in 2016, Akoko Southwest had the highest prevalence of 3 cases (19.04%) per 1000 pregnant women. The cumulative malaria patterns for the five years showed that Akure South had the highest prevalence of 18.76–31.42 per 1000 pregnant women. In contrast, the lowest prevalence occurred in Odigbo and Okitipupa having 5–9 cases per 1000 pregnant women. From 2013–2017, findings showed variations in the disease's prevalence in Ondo state.
Deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxins cause liver damage and egg quality degradation through endoplasmic reticulum stress in summer laying hens
Authors: Guo Haoneng , Wan HongYan , Lou Wenfang , Khan Rifat Ullah , You Jinming , Huang Bo , Hao Shu , Li Guanhong , Dai Sifa
Published: August 2023

The present study aimed to find whether low doses of mixed mycotoxins would affect egg quality in laying hens, and to explore the oxidative stress induced liver damage through endoplasmic reticulum during summer stress. A total of 96 Jinghong laying hens, 36 wks of age, were divided into four treatments, with eight repetitions per treatment and three hens per repetition. All the hens were raised in summer (average temperature: 31.3 ± 0.5℃; average humidity: 85.5 ± 0.2%) for 28d. One treatment was fed a basal diet as control (CON), and the other three treatments were fed the same diets containing 3.0 mg/kg deoxynivalenol (DON), 0.5 mg/kg T-2 toxin (T-2), and 1.5 mg/kg DON + 0.25 mg/kg T-2 toxin (Mix). Albumen height and Haugh unit were decreased (P < 0.05) in the Mix group on day 14 and 28. The activity of total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were decreased (P < 0.05) in the DON, T-2, and Mix groups. The alkaline phosphatase level in DON, T-2, and Mix groups was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The level of interleukin-1β, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the Mix group were higher (P < 0.05) than CON, DON, and T-2 groups. Mix group upregulated the mRNA expressions of protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase, activating transcription factor4, IL-1β, nuclear factor-κ-gene binding, and nuclear respiratory factor 2 in the liver (P < 0.05). The results showed that low doses of DON and T-2 toxin could cause oxidative stress in the liver, but DON and T-2 toxin have a cumulative effect on virulence, which can reduce egg quality and cause endoplasmic reticulum stress in the liver.
Microsatellite instability screening in colorectal carcinoma: lmmunohistochemical analysis of MMR proteins in correlation with clinicopathological features and Ki 67 protein expression.
Authors: N.Yassen Noha , Abouelfadl Dalia M. , Abbas Naglaa F. , Soliman Ahmed S.A , Shabana Marwa E.
Published: August 2023

Background
Defects in mismatch repair (MMR) system or microsatellite instability (MSI) and detected in colorectal carcinoma (CRC); both in sporadic and more frequently in hereditary cases. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the most frequent method for MMR protein deficiency screening in CRCs.
Methods
In this study, we evaluated by immunohistochemical expression of MMR proteins including MSH6, MSH2, PMS2 and MLH1 in 50 resection materials with colorectal carcinoma. Their expression is correlated with clinicopathological features of patients together, with Ki-67 protein expression in attempt to screen the most significant predictor of microsatellite instability.
Results
Of the 50 cases of cancer colon, 28% were classified as MSI-H, 20% were MSI-L and 52% were MSS. The most frequent pattern in MSI-H tumors was concurrent loss of MSH-6 and PMS-2 proteins. Significant correlation between MMR proteins expression pattern with tumor size, grade, T classification and stage (0.015, 0.0515, 0.0162 and 0.0391) respectively. MSI-H tumors were located more frequently in right colon, early TNM stage, poorly differentiated and infrequent distant metastases. There was significant correlation between Ki-67 high expression and MSI status patterns suggest in their common biological aspects distinct from MSI-negative tumors.
Conclusions
Mismatch repair defective colorectal carcinoma have characteristics clinicopathological features different from MSS tumors. The role of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for MSI evaluation is the easiest and effective way for evaluation of MMR deficiency in colorectal carcinoma
Integrated proteomics analysis in cerebrospinal fluid and saliva reveals the changes of endopeptidase activity in Parkinson`s disease
Authors: Yin Yanan , Liu Fengtao , Li Kai , Tan Subei , Zhao Jue , Sun Yimin , Feng Jinwen , Xu Ning , Tang Yilin , Yu Wenbo , Wu Jianjun , Wang Jian , Ding Chen
Published: August 2023

Background
The prodromal phase of Parkinson's disease can reach 10–20 years, and clinically meaningful biomarkers associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) have not been developed based on biofluid samples. Here, we aimed to identify novel biofulid candidate biomarkers by integrating CSF and saliva proteomes in PD.
Methods
We used a high-throughput tandem mass spectrometry to analyze 120 CSF samples and 203 saliva samples. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to determine the protein features that are significantly correlated with the clinical parameters. Additionally, We used machine learning techniques to identify candidate biomarkers for PD diagnose.
Results
In total, we identified 2,585 and 4,301 proteins in CSF and saliva, respectively. Among these proteins, 10 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were in common between CSF and saliva proteome, mainly involved in the negative regulation of endopeptidase activity as well as hyaluronan metabolic. Interestingly, persistent activation of the negative regulation of endopeptidase activity during the progression of PD. WGCNA analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between AGT protein and UPDRS score in both CSF and saliva. In addition, machine learning identified a combination of 5 protein (GAPDH, GNS, ITIH2, CTSL, and GPX3) as biomarkers for PD, with an area-under-the-curve (AUC) of 0.877–0.958.
Conclusion
In summary, we integrated and analyzed the proteomes of CSF and saliva proteomes, confirming that CSF and saliva proteome could both reflect the occurrence and development of PD. Furthermore, we found that endopeptidase activity might be a potential pathogenesis of PD, especially during the progression of disease. In addition, we also discovered valuable candidate biomarkers for PD diagnosis.
Configurable Full Subtractor and Adder by Lego-like Mixing and Matching of Engineered Bacteria in an Artificial Neural Network Type Architecture
Authors: Bagh Sangram , Bonnerjee Deepro , Chakraborty Saswata
Published: August 2023

One of the long-term goals of synthetic bioengineering is to create configurable and programmable biological systems by just mixing and matching "LEGO"-like bio-modules. Here, we introduce a configurable and modular multi-cellular system where, from a small library of nine discrete engineered bacterial cells, a full subtractor, which subtract binary numbers and a full adder, which adds binary numbers can be built on demand by just mixing and matching seven appropriate cell types in a culture. Here, each set of engineered bacteria was modelled as an ‘artificial neuro-synapse’ that, in a co-culture, formed a single layer artificial neural network (ANN) type architecture that worked as a biochemical full subtractor or full adder. The system is configurable with interchangeable cellular modules, whereby through simply interchanging two cell types in the subtractor culture, a full adder can be built and vice versa. This Lego-like mix and match system is mathematically predictive, and the physical scaling up of the whole system was achieved by directly applying mathematical scale up of the cellular modules. This work provides a flexible and scalable means to build complex cellular functions and may have significance in biocomputer technology development, multi-cellular synthetic biology, and cellular hardware for ANN.
Quality of Life of Metastatic Prostate Cancer Patients Treated with Prostate Radiotherapy
Authors: Ayoub Heba Maged , Zamzam Maha Lotfy , Elsemary Eman Essam , Hassanin Ihab Mohamed , Elsayed Fifi Mostafa
Published: August 2023

Background
The impact of prostate radiotherapy on patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) significantly influences the outcomes of metastatic prostate cancer. We measured and compared HRQoL of metastatic prostate cancer patients who received cytoreductive prostate radiotherapy.
Methods
Between November 23, 2020, and November 21, 2022, we recruited 70 metastatic prostate cancer patients at the Department of Clinical Oncology at Suez Canal University Hospital. Patients were eligible if they had synchronous and metachronous histopathological confirmed metastatic adenocarcinoma and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤ 2. Random allocation was performed for either definitive local radiotherapy concurrent with the standard androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or to the standard ADT alone. Definitive radiotherapy was delivered conventionally (70 Gy/35 fractions) or through the hypofractionated regimen (55 Gy/20 fractions). Patients completed the comprehensive European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-PR25) at baseline, then at three-month intervals for one year. The primary endpoint was patient-reported HRQoL, with secondary endpoints including toxicity and radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS). Mean HRQoL scores between groups were compared using the independent samples t-test.
Results
We observed clinically significant improvements in urinary and bowel functions between baseline, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month intervals after receiving definitive prostate radiotherapy. Patients in the radiotherapy group had significantly lower urinary symptoms scores than the control group. However, sexual activity and functioning showed significant deterioration.
Conclusion
Cytoreductive prostate radiotherapy in metastatic prostate cancer patients significantly improved urinary functioning, preserved bowel functioning but was associated with worsening of sexual functioning.
Trial Registration
This trial was registered on (27/04/2023) with pactr.samrc.ac.za, PACTR202305854600529, URL: https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=25510
Investigation into the role of MITA-TRIM38 interaction in regulating pyroptosis and maintaining immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface
Authors: Yang jing , Liu Jun , Deng Yan , Wang An , Liu Bowen , Zhou Xi , Yin Tailang , Wang Yan , Tang Tao , Qiu Yang , Chen Jiao
Published: August 2023

Maternal-fetal interface shares similarities with tumor tissues in terms of immune microenvironment. Normal pregnancy is maintained due to the immunosuppressed state, but pyroptosis induced by MITA can trigger the body's immune response and disrupt the immunosuppressed state of the maternal-fetal interface, leading to abortion. In this study, we explored the role of MITA and TRIM38 in regulating pyroptosis and maintaining the immune tolerance of the maternal-fetal interface during pregnancy. Our findings show that the interaction between MITA and TRIM38 plays a crucial role in maintaining the immunosuppressed state of the maternal-fetal interface. Specifically, we observed that TRIM38-mediated K48 ubiquitination of MITA was higher in M2 macrophages, leading to low expression levels of MITA and thus, inhibiting pyroptosis. Conversely, in M1 macrophages, the ubiquitination of K48 was lower, resulting in higher expression levels of MITA and promoting pyroptosis. Our results also indicated that pyroptosis played a significant role in hindering the transformation of M1 to M2 and maintaining the immunosuppressed state of the maternal-fetal interface. The discoveries presented offer significant understanding into the mechanisms that support the preservation of the immune tolerance microenvironment at the maternal-fetal interface, playing a vital role in ensuring successful pregnancy results.
Evaluating Strategic Implementation and Sustaining Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes in Sultanate of Oman: The Impact of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Abdelfattah Fadi , AL_Alawi Abrar , Asrawi Iman , Darwazeh Riyad , Salah Mohammed , Alwashahi Maryam Ahmed
Published: August 2023

Purpose – This study evaluates the strategic implementation and sustainability of therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLCs) in the Sultanate of Oman in response to the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the study examines the effectiveness of pharmacological measures used to manage NCDs during the pandemic.
Design/methodology/approach – Drawing from an extensive literature review, a conceptual model is developed, highlighting various external factors influencing the management of NCDs. The researchers adopt a quantitative research approach, collecting a representative sample of 412 participants from Oman. Statistical analysis is conducted using SPSS and PLS software to test the proposed hypotheses.
Findings – The results reveal significant direct effects between therapeutic lifestyle changes, the healthcare system, health behaviour, and NCDs management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, health behaviour is shown to mediate the relationship between therapeutic lifestyle changes and NCDs management, as well as the relationship between the healthcare system and NCDs management under pandemic conditions.
Practical implications – The findings suggest that the implementation of therapeutic lifestyle changes should be supported by the healthcare system and community involvement. The development of improved assessment tools to evaluate the impact of these strategies can aid in tailoring TLC interventions to the specific characteristics of the population. Moreover, effectively addressing the prevalence of NCDs in Oman requires policy changes and improvements in the healthcare system.
Originality/value – This study presents a unique conceptual model that contributes to the existing literature on NCDs and specifically addresses the challenges imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The research results and recommendations provided advance the role of TLCs in managing NCDs and contribute to filling the knowledge gap in this area.
TRAP1 controls the crosstalk between SDHA/HIF-1α, HIF/ERK1/2/Twist, and HIF/FoxC/Twist pathways via HIF-1α during EMT in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zou hongling , Yang Liu , Zhao Yingqi , Yi Peipei , Lu Liu , Yao Du , Lu Yuanming
Published: August 2023

Background
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) is highly-expressed during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying the high expression of TRAP1 during EMT and evaluated the potential of TRAP1 as a therapeutic target for metastatic CRC treatment. Moreover, we discussed ways to improve the clinical effectiveness of CRC treatments.
Methods
HCT116 colon cancer cell lines (either over-expressing or lacking TRAP1), nude mouse tumor experiments, and human CRC tissue were used. The effect of TRAP1 gene expression on the migration of CRC cells was studied using methods characterizing cellular function. The mechanism of the effect of TRAP1 expression on EMT in CRC was studied using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and western blotting methods.
Results
High TRAP1 expression was found to increase the migration of CRC cells, reduce apoptosis rates, regulate the E-cadherin and vimentin expression in opposite directions, as well as increase expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), Twist, forkhead box protein C2 (FoxC2), and reduce the expression of succinate dehydrogenase complex flavoprotein subunit A (SDHA) proteins. These results indicate that TRAP1 regulates EMT in CRC by affecting the crosstalk between SDHA/HIF-1α, HIF/ERK1/2/Twist, and HIF/FOXC/Twist pathways.
Conclusion
High TRAP1 expression was found to promote EMT in CRC. TRAP1 activates expression of genes encoding proteins involved in SDHA/HIF-1α, HIF-1α/ERK1/2/Twist/Snail, and HIF-1α/FoxC/Twist/Snail pathways via HIF-1α. TRAP1 also regulates the expression of E-cadherin, the downstream protein of EMT.
Comparison of antioxidant, antiradical and antibacterial activities of mistletoe (Viscum album L.) fruit and leaves growing on different host tree genus
Authors: ÇİFTCi BEYZA , Karaman Kevser , KAPLAN Mahmut
Published: August 2023

Mistletoe is a hemi-parasitic shrub and grows on different host trees and used as a remedy for some disease therapies. In this study, mistletoe fruits and leaves growing on different host tree genera were compared in terms bioactivity and antibacterial efficiency. For this purpose, mistletoe samples were collected from seven different tree genera (black locust, wild pear, pine, hawthorn, willow, apricot and almond) and removed their fruits and leaves. At the beginning, the most suitable solvent for the extraction was determined using optimization procedure of simplex lattice mixture design. The most effective solvent showing the highest total phenolic content (TPC) and antiradical activity (ARA) was determined as ethanol:water (92.5:7.5) for the fruit and ethanol:water (30:70) for the leaf extraction. TPC values of the leaf and fruit samples ranged between 7-21.2 and 3.2–6.9 mgGAE/g, respectively. The results showed significant differences based on the tree genus and the highest antioxidant and antiradical activities were monitored for the black locust tree while the lowest values were in willow tree. For antibacterial activity, the highest inhibition zone was obtained from wild pear leaf extract for Salmonella tyhpimurium. Mistletoe leave extracts showed a remarkable superiority bioactive performance than those of the mistletoe fruits for all tree genus.
RefCap: Image Captioning with Referent Objects Attributes
Authors: Park Seokmok , Paik Joonki
Published: August 2023

In recent years, significant progress has been made in visual-linguistic multi-modality research, leading to advancements in visual comprehension and its applications in computer vision tasks. One fundamental task in visual-linguistic understanding is image captioning, which involves generating human-understandable textual descriptions given an input image. This paper introduces an end-to-end referring expression image captioning model that incorporates supervision of interesting objects. Our model utilizes user-specified object keywords as a prefix to generate specific captions that are relevant to the target object. The model consists of three modules including: i) visual grounding, ii) referring object selection, and iii) image captioning modules. To evaluate its performance, we conducted experiments on the RefCOCO and COCO captioning datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method effectively generates meaningful captions aligned with users' specific interests.
Hyperpolarized 13C metabolic imaging detects long-lasting metabolic alterations following mild repetitive traumatic brain injury
Authors: Chaumeil Myriam , Guglielmetti Caroline , Qiao Kai , Tiret Brice , Ozen Mustafa , Krukowski Karen , Nolan Amber , Paladini Maria Serena , Lopez Carlos , Rosi Susanna
Published: August 2023

Career athletes, active military, and head trauma victims are at increased risk for mild repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI), a condition that contributes to the development of epilepsy and neurodegenerative diseases. Standard clinical imaging fails to identify rTBI-induced lesions, and novel non-invasive methods are needed. Here, we evaluated if hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (HP 13C MRSI) could detect long-lasting changes in brain metabolism 3.5 months post-injury in a rTBI mouse model. Our results show that this metabolic imaging approach can detect changes in cortical metabolism at that timepoint, whereas multimodal MR imaging did not detect any structural or contrast alterations. Using Machine Learning, we further show that HP 13C MRSI parameters can help classify rTBI vs. Sham and predict long-term rTBI-induced behavioral outcomes. Altogether, our study demonstrates the potential of metabolic imaging to improve detection, classification and outcome prediction of previously undetected rTBI.
Role of partially consumed acorn remains in scatter hoards and their implication in oaks colonization process.
Authors: Arco Sergio Del , Arco Jose María Del
Published: August 2023

In previous studies, authors have demonstrated the benefits of rodent participation in the colonization process carried out by oak species. We have observed that certain rodent species (Apodemus sylvaticus and Mus spretus) partially consume acorns, beginning at the basal part and preserving the embryo. Perea et al. (2011) and Yang and Yi (2012) found that during periods of abundance the remains produced after partial consumption are left on the surface without being transported to caches because they see as leftovers.
The objective of this study is to know the role played by the remains of partially consumed acorns in the caches. To verify if these remains are seen as offal and are therefore rejected. To test this, we provided rodents with intact, partially eaten acorns to ascertain their preferences for own or foreign remains or the rejection of both. The results indicate that preferences are directed towards consuming first the remains produced by other rodents, then their own, leaving intact acorns for last. The reasons are based on questions of energy balance. Removing the shells from acorns is very costly in terms of energy, so it is preferable to use the shelled remains first, even if they must pass through a layer of fungi and molds to reach the cotyledons. The first remains to be consumed are those of others, because in case of scarcity it is convenient to conserve one's own resources.
Binary decisions of artificial intelligence to classify third molar development around the legal age thresholds of 14, 16 and 18 years
Authors: Franco Ademir , Murray Jared , Heng Dennis , Lygate Anna , Moreira Debora , Ferreira Jaqueline , Paulo Djessyca Miranda e , Machado Carlos Palhares , Bueno Juliano , Mânica Scheila , Porto Lucas , Abade André , Paranhos Luiz Renato
Published: August 2023

Third molar development is used for dental age estimation when all the other teeth are fully mature. In most medicolegal facilities, dental age estimation is an operator-dependent procedure. During the examination of unaccompanied and undocumented minors, this procedure may lead to binary decisions around age thresholds of legal interest, namely the ages of 14, 16 and 18 years. This study aimed to test the performance of artificial intelligence to classify individuals below and above the legal age thresholds of 14, 16 and 18 years using third molar development. The sample consisted of 11.640 (9.680 used for training and 1.960 used for validation) panoramic radiographs of males (n = 5.400) and females (n = 6.240) between 6 and 22.9 years. Computer-based image annotation was performed with V7 software (V7labs, London, UK). The region of interest was the semi-automated contour of the mandibular left third molar (T38). DenseNet 121 was the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) of choice. Transfer Learning architecture was used. After Receiver-operating characteristic curves, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.87 and 0.86 to classify males and females below and above the age of 14, respectively. For the age threshold of 16, the AUC values were 0.88 (males) and 0.83 (females), while for the age of 18, AUC were 0.94 (males) and 0.83 (females). Specificity rates were always between 0.80 and 0.92. Artificial intelligence was able to classify male and females below and above the legal age thresholds of 14, 16 and 18 years with high accuracy.
Laying the foundations for an integrated weather pattern and power outage forecasting system in the United Kingdom
Authors: Souto Laiz , Neal Robert , Pope James , Gonzalez Paula , Wilkinson Jonathan , Taylor Philip
Published: August 2023

In the UK, lightning strikes, snow and ice, wind and gale are common causes of power system failures. Their frequency of occurrence varies according to weather conditions given by weather patterns and seasons. With the objective of identifying relevant trends to predict and prepare for power outages, this article investigates relationships between weather patterns and weather-induced power system failures in the UK. It uses a set of 30 predefined weather patterns, with each date assigned to a specific pattern between 2010 and 2019. The results reveal that certain weather patterns and pattern transitions are related to a higher failure risk across seasons. These insights are extremely valuable for distribution network operators in Europe, as high-risk weather patterns can be reliably forecast in advance to improve their preparedness to adverse weather conditions. Further applications of this work are also discussed, including reliability and resilience enhancement decisions in future climate scenarios.
Molecular Characteristic of Proximal and Distal Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Xu Lin , Shang Bin , Guo Chenran , Wang Xiaozhen , Bi Mingming , Zhong Wei , Zhao Yu , Wang Zhou , Chen Gang
Published: August 2023

Introduction
: Esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas (00000000) are devastating diseases with increasing incidence. The Siewert classification is the well accepted anatomical classification system for EGJA to guide surgical approaches. However, the definition of EGJA and its optimal resection strategy are still debatable.
Methods
198 EGJA patients, of which 140 (70.7%) were distal EGJA, 58 (29.3%) were proximal EGJA, 42 gastric adenocarcinoma (GCA) patients and 36 esophageal squammous cell carcinomas (ESCC) patients were enrolled. Targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 450 cancer-related genes was performed to identify the genomic alterations. The molecular characteristics of the above EGJA, GCA and ESCC were analyzed and compared.
Results
Gene alterations with a high mutation frequency in EGJA in this cohort were identified: TP53 (74%), CCNE1 (14%), ERBB2 (12%), FAT3 (11%), ARID1A (11%), PIK3CA (10%), SPTA1 (10%), CDK6 (9%), FGF3 (9%), LRP1B (9%). Compared with GCA and ESCC, EGJA may better benefit from PIK3CA inhibitors due to high-frequency mutations in PIAK-AKT-related genes. We also found that FRFR2, ZNF127 and MYC mutations maybe biomarkers to distinguish distal EGJA from proximal EGJA.
Conclusion
Our data identify differences of EGJA from GCA and ESCC, as well as distal/proximal EGJA at the genomic level, suggesting that a unique TNM staging for EGJA may be required.
Structural characteristics of Niaouli forests, biodiversity, and ethnobotanical importance of the valuable species
Authors: GANGLO Isis Togbédji , KOURA Kourouma , KIKI Edmond , HOUNSA Michael , KINGBO Armand , AOUDJI Augustin K. N. , GANGLO Jean Cossi
Published: August 2023

In Benin, forest resources are limited and are in the grip of alarming degradation. In southern Benin, the Niaouli forests (6°40' to 6°45' North Lat. and 2°05' to 2°10' East Long.) require special attention given their state of degradation leading to loss of biodiversity. In order to contribute to the sustainable management of the forests, our investigations focused on the characterization of the structure, floristic diversity, and forms of use of the valuable species. The data was collected by systematic sampling with rectangular meshes of 100 m × 200 m in square plots of one (01) ha each. In total, seven (07) plots were installed for the determination of dendrometric and biodiversity parameters. The regeneration of the species was counted in quadrats of 100 m² installed on a diagonal of each plot. Ethnobotanical surveys were carried out within local populations, on a sample of 188 people made of heads of peasant households or their representatives, carpenters, traditional healers, and loggers in order to identify valuable species and appraise their ethnobotanical importance. Four valuable species were identified. They were Albizia zygia, Antiaris toxicaria, Ceiba pentandra, and Newbouldia laevis. The diversity parameters showed that the forests of Niaouli are characterized by a low floristic diversity in comparison with the forest ecosystems of southern Benin. The main valuable species of the Niaouli forests were experiencing a regeneration problem likely to hinder their sustainability and sustainable use. Albizia zygia, Antiaris toxicaria, and Ceiba pentandra are used more in the form of wood respectively by 85 %, 50 %, and 75 % of respondents. Newbouldia laevis is used more in the form of an infusion by 33 %, fodder by 21 %, and wood by 21 % of respondents. Respondents cited 58 diseases treated with species from the Niaouli forests. Considering the results obtained, regular reforestation and the introduction of new adapted species must be carried out to increase the biodiversity and ecosystem services of the forests.
Effect of Probucol and Atorvastatin Combination Therapy on Cognitive Function in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Yu Ning , Zhang Chi , Sun Yuan , Li Yun , Han Yueying , Han Xue , Gao Yanjun , Dou Zhijie , Zhang Xiaoxuan
Published: August 2023

Background
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of probucol combined with atorvastatin on cognitive impairment after infarction in patients with acute ischaemic stroke and to compare the evaluation methods of cognitive impairment.
Patients and methods:
A total of 81 patients with acute ischaemic stroke admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College between November 2020 and May 2021 were enrolled in this study. Using a random number table method, they were divided into probucol combined with atorvastatin (n = 40) and atorvastatin (n = 41) groups. Cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) scores and blood lipid levels were assessed six months after treatment and compared between the two groups.
Results
Approximately 60.5% (49/81) of patients in the acute phase of stroke experienced cognitive decline. After six months, 39.5% (32/81) of the patients improved from baseline, with 27.5% (11/40) in the combined therapy group and 51.2% (21/41) in the atorvastatin group presenting with cognitive impairment. Patients with cognitive impairment after six months were significantly different between the two groups (t = 4.766, P = 0.029). Serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in the common carotid artery intimal thickness and plaque area (P > 0.05) between the treatment groups. In terms of factors affecting cognition, the multivariate generalised estimating equations suggested a statistically significant difference in terms of previous cerebrovascular history, measurement stage, combination therapy, infarct area, and LDL levels (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Probucol combined with atorvastatin can significantly improve post-stroke cognitive function and quality of life in patients with acute ischaemic stroke and is safe, feasible, and worthy of clinical promotion.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000040461) registed time:2020-11-28
Evaluation of FABP1, NGAL, Cystatin C and IL-18 in an Indian Cohort of Hospitalized Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Patients
Authors: SAHA ROHINI , Sharma Samriddhi , Mondal Antara , Sati Hem Chandra , Khan Maroof Ahmad , Mahajan Sandeep , Datta Sudip , Shalimar  , Acharya Pragyan
Published: August 2023

Objective: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a complication of cirrhosis associated with high short-term mortality. The risk of mortality in ACLF increases with the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI). Hence, early detection of AKI is critical in ACLF. Serum biomarkers of tissue injury FABP1, IL-18, NGAL and CysC have been been reported to be associated with severity and mortality in ACLF in various reports. However, their performance in Indian ACLF population is unclear. Hence, the objective of our study was to evaluate the utility of these biomarkers in early detection of AKI and 28-day mortality in an Indian ACLF cohort.
Results: Serum samples were collected from 150 study participants including ACLF, non-liver AKI and healthy controls. Biomarker levels were determined by ELISA. FABP1 and CysC levels were significantly different between ACLF patients with and without AKI however, none of the biomarkers were not significantly diagnostic for AKI nor predictive for 28-day mortality in our cohort.
Therefore, in our cohort of ACLF patients, serum measurements of FABPI, NGAL and CysC and IL-18, do not have significant utility as predictors of AKI or 28-day mortality.