bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P‐74: Analysis and Validation of TFT‐LCD RGB Mura Mechanism
Authors: Chen Tianfu , Li Zhongxiu , Shi Deqin , Jin Huijun , Huang Xianjun
Published: June 2018

The influence of photo spacer design and polyimide layer adhesion on RGB mura risk for LCD panels is studied. A method to assess RGB mura risk is developed with corresponding design standards to ensure product reliability requirements are met.
66‐3: Micro‐LED Display with Simultaneous Visible Light Communication Function
Authors: Li Xianbo , Cho Wai Keung , Hussain Babar , Kwok Hoi Sing , Yue Chik Patrick
Published: June 2018

The first real‐time micro‐LED (µLED) display with simultaneous visible light communication (VLC) function for text message broadcast based on a 400×240 blue µLED array is presented, demonstrating the great potential of enabling various displays using VLC technologies for futuristic IoT applications. Transmitted messages are detected and shown on an LCD.
63‐4: Q‐View Technology ‐ Approach to Achieving High Resolution and Low Power in Small Pixel Micro‐Display
Authors: Waller Craig , Eisenbrandt Eric , Fung Ken , Ong Hiap L. , Rost Timothy , Wong Daniel
Published: June 2018

This paper presents our Q‐View 4K resolution, 0.55‐inch backplane. The Q‐View technology will be described along with the results from the 4K resolution backplane. The Q‐View technology can be mapped to any base resolution and enhance resolution with little to no additional power consumption.
67‐2: Requirement of a Polyimide Substrate to Achieve High Thin‐film‐transistor Reliability
Authors: Kinoshita Tomoatsu , Ishiyama Yuichiro , Fujimori Takashige , Masuda Kenta , Takahashi Kenichi , Tanaka Masanobu , Arai Toshiaki
Published: June 2018

The reliability of top‐gate oxide thin‐film‐transistors on a polyimide substrate correlates with the volume resistivity of the polyimide substrate. Hence, the polyimide used as a TFT substrate should have a high resistivity of 3×1017 ohm‐cm or more to ensure high TFT reliability equal to the TFT on a glass substrate.
64‐1: Invited Paper: Ultra‐high Precision Inkjet Printing Technology for Display
Authors: Kim Seog Soon , Kim Hyun Surk , Lee Jong Gyun , Seo Chang Woo
Published: June 2018

Inkjet technology has been used in display manufacturing since the color filter was manufactured on 2004. Also the inkjet‐printed 40 inch OLED display prototype was demonstrated on 2004. Inkjet technology has penetrated various applications of display manufacturing such as PI alignment layer coating, liquid crystal coating, micro lens for back light, black bezel and more since 2004. However, it was mainly used for the overall coating or low printing accuracy applications up to now. The conventional printing accuracy of the inkjet technology was mentioned around ± 10 to 15 µm depending upon the printing condition. Now the advanced inkjet technology, which is mainly MEMS head technology and head control method, has been applied for more accurate, uniform and reliable printing than before. So the printing accuracy of the new inkjet technology has achieved up to 2 µm micro lens gap for micro lens array without any specific micro lens position zone defining treatment. This kind of micro lens array can improve the light extraction from the OLED lighting and display panel. Based on this printing accuracy, it can be possible for RGB pixel printing to achieve over 500 ppi (pixel per inch) with the well prepared PDL (Pixel Defining Layer) pattern.
63‐2: Distinguished Paper: Dependency of Speckle Reduction by Wavelength Diversity on Angular Diversity in Laser Projection System
Authors: Yamada Hirotaka , Moriyasu Kengo , Sato Hiroto , Hatanaka Hidekazu
Published: June 2018

In laser projection system, speckle reduction by wavelength and angular diversities are often treated independently. Here, it is experimentally shown that there is a clear dependency between wavelength and angular diversities. Also, speckle reduction by wavelength and angular diversities are theoretically investigated. The theoretical calculation agrees well the experimental results.
64‐3: Photo Aligned Quantum Rod films by Inkjet Printing
Authors: Gupta Swadesh Kumar , Zhang Wanlong , Prodanov Maksym , Vashchenko Valerii , Chigrinov Vladimir G. , Kwok Hoi Sing , Srivastava Abhishek Kumar
Published: June 2018

We report fabrication of a photoaligned quantum rods (QRs) brightness enhancement films (QREF) for LCDs by using inkjet‐printing. The printed QRs on the pre‐aligned photosensitive alignment layers show high‐quality alignment and so emits polarized light with a degree of polarization ~ 0.75. The optimized inkjet printing allows us to print large area QREF with high uniformity that can be applied for the modern LCDs to improve the optical efficiency.
P‐89: Wavefront Aberration Compensation Method for Holographic Optical Element
Authors: Yoo Chanhyung , Jang Changwon , Li Gang , Bang Kiseung , Lee Byoungho
Published: June 2018

The wavefront aberration compensation method of holographic optical element (HOE) for augmented reality system is proposed. The wavefront aberration is detected as a linear combination of Zernike polynomials using a phase shifting interferometry. The aberration of HOE is compensated using a correction wavefront profile with a spatial light modulator. The simulation and experiment verified that the proposed method can effectively improve the aberration of HOE.
P‐98: Incorporating Space‐variant Holographic Grating in Waveguide Display
Authors: Yu Chao , Peng Yifan , Wang Rui , Li Haifeng , Liu Xu
Published: June 2018

Holographic waveguide display (HWD) is a promising solution supporting augmented reality, that can be applied in a variety of fields. Despite its advantage of lightweight and compact form factor, designing a HWD with large FOV and high efficiency simultaneously is still challenging. In this work, we revisit this FOV compromise issue and propose a HWD design incorporating space‐variant volume holographic gratings. The resulted prototype display achieves 20° FOV and 31.9% system efficiency.
P‐102: Switchable Privacy Display Design and Optimisation
Authors: Robinson Michael G. , Woodgate Graham J. , Harrold Jonathan , Ihas Benjamin , Ramsey Robert
Published: June 2018

The visibility of electronically controlled switchable privacy display to both primary viewers and unwanted observers (snoopers) is reviewed and a method for comparison of privacy display performance is proposed. We report results from privacy display optical stacks that employ luminance and contrast control using directional backlights, switchable retardance stacks and liquid crystal pixel bias voltage control.
P‐103: Polarizers with Continuously Variable Absorption Axis as Smart Windows
Authors: Meng Cui Ling , Tseng Man Chun , Tang Shu Tuen , Kwok Hoi Sing
Published: June 2018

We employed the technique of photoalignment to fabricate polarizers using dichroic dyes and liquid crystal polymers. By varying the polarization direction of the UV/blue light, polarizers with spatially varying absorption axis were made. Such polarizers have many applications. As an example, we showed how mechanical translation of two such polarizers can be used as a variable transmission smart window, in which no electric power is needed. In this work, a 5cm x 5cm window device was made and demonstrated with very good bright and dark states.
P‐122: Stable, Cost‐Effective Perovskite‐Polymer Composites as Tunable Downconverters for Tailored Lighting
Authors: He Juan , Zhang Caicai , Calkins Eric , Wang Yanan , Chen Hao , Wu Shin-Tson , Dong Yajie
Published: June 2018

We demonstrate low cost, highly luminescent and stable perovskite‐polymer composite films with tunable narrow emission peaks covering the whole visible spectrum range continuously. These films could work as exchangeable remote downconverter plates to provide fine spectral control upon demand in lighting, as well as increasing spectral efficiency.
P‐123: Preparation of CsPbBr3/PbS Core/Shell Perovskite Quantum Dot for Enhanced Stability in Polar Solvent
Authors: Kim Ho-Yong , Kim Yong-Seog
Published: June 2018

In order to improve environmental stability of CsPbBr3 quantum dots, CsPbBr3/PbS core/shell structured perovskite quantum dots were prepared. The core/shell structured quantum dotes showed much improved stability in polar solvents.
P‐136: Resistive Type 2D Mapping Positional Strain Sensor Array for Advanced Tactile Displays
Authors: Lee Jun Ho , Heo Jae Sang , Moon Sang Hui , Lee Min Uk , Kim Jae Hyun , Park Sung Kyu
Published: June 2018

In this research, a new strain sensor array for measuring positional strain distribution have been demonstrated by using silver nanowire coated poly‐urethane fiber and composite blended with carbon black and PDMS, as insensitive and sensitive elements, respectively. Unit strain sensor with both insensitive and sensitive elements can be stretched up to 50 % and has a good sensitivity (Gauge factor; G.F ≈ 6), which is enough to detect human skin's movement. For positional strain distribution under external stimuli, we fabricated large area strain sensor arrays with 10 x 10 pixel and high resolution. Furthermore, to verify the measurement condition and obtained data of sensor array, we performed fine element analysis (FEA) simulation. This simulation result indicated that the fabricated strain sensor array can detect the relative strain values and their strain distribution when a strain was applied to this sensor array.
60‐3: High‐Performance MoS2 Thin‐Film Transistors for Flexible OLED display
Authors: Woo Youngjun , Hong Woonggi , Yang Sang Yoon , Kang Taegyu , Choi Sung-Yool
Published: June 2018

We demonstrated Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) based thin‐film transistors on polyimide substrate for flexible OLED display. And we fabricated practical MoS2 OLED driving circuit using large area MoS2 thin film grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Our device showed high‐performance for display driving circuit over 10 μA driving current, on‐off ratio of 109. And the 2T OLED driving operation test was also conducted. In this work, we will show results suitable for practical flexible OLED display.
51‐4: Invited Paper: Ultra‐Fast Moving‐picture Response‐time LCD for Virtual Reality Application
Authors: Li Chang-Hung , Lu SSu-Hui , Lin Szu-Yen , Hsieh Tsung-Ying , Wang Ko-Shun , Kuo Wei-Hung
Published: June 2018

A 2‐inch LCD with a moving picture response time (MPRT) of 1.1 ms and 0.9 ms at 75Hz and 90Hz frame rates was demonstrated by optimizing the timing of the global backlight technology. Such a fast MPRT for an LCD presents a CRT‐like display with crystal‐clear motion‐image quality.
58‐1: Invited Paper: High Resolution IPS‐LCDs Fabricated with Transparent Polyimide Substrates
Authors: Oka Shinichiro , Hyodo Yosuke , Jin Lu , Yamaguchi Yohei , Asozu Genki , Higano Emi , Higano Toshiyuki , Komura Shinichi
Published: June 2018

Plastic film IPS‐LCDs were fabricated with transparent polyimide (PI) substrates. Conventional transparent PI substrates have a large coefficient of thermal expansion and cause high retardation in thickness direction. We developed a new fabrication process and sheet design that improves upon these characteristics.
58‐3: Sub‐KHz 4000‐PPI LCoS Phase Modulator for Holographic Displays
Authors: Yang Jhou-Pu , Chen Huang-Ming Philip , Huang Yuge , Wu Shin-Tson , Hsu Cynthia , Ting Lily , Hsu Ron
Published: June 2018

A 4,000 PPI phase‐only NCTU PCU‐3‐01 LCoS‐SLM filled with UCF‐L1 NLC was assembled and evaluated. The resulting LCoS panel possessed 1.6 ms of linear‐full‐phase‐modulation response time under digital driving (Vw = 4.5 V, Vb = 0.3 V) at T = 45 °C. The 3D holographic images show that most diffracted light is transferred within 2 ms. Meanwhile, a low‐latency driver solution based on 1920 x 640 at 240 Hz (equivalent to 4000 PPI) input frame rate and 720 Hz data frame rate were presented.
P‐145: A Turning Method to Minimizing Flicker Shift Phenomenon in Positive FFS Mode LCD Panel and Improve DC Image Sticking
Authors: Huang Kun-Tsai , Hung Yu-Wen , Fang Ri-Xen , Chao Yuan-Te , Lee Conrad , Lin Sung-Chin , Yu Chia-Hua , Kao Chris , Jen Ting-Shian
Published: June 2018

Flicker shift is a serious problem in FFS mode LCD, In this paper, we analysis the mechanism of Flicker shift phenomenon. A turning method has been invented to minimize flicker shift phenomenon and improve DC image sticking level and optimum Vcom setting of FFS LCD panel was discussed.
54‐1: Distinguished Paper: World 1st Large Size 77‐inch Transparent Flexible OLED Display
Authors: Park Chan II , Seong Miryn , Kim Mi Ae , Kim Dojin , Jung Hyunju , Cho Mingu , Lee Sang Hoon , Lee Hyokang , Min Sungjoon , Kim Jaehyeong , Kim Minseok , Park Jong-Hyun , Kwon Seyeoul , Kim Binn , Kim Se June , Park Weonseo , Yang Joon-Young , Yoon Sooyoung , Kang Inbyeong
Published: June 2018

We successfully realized world first 77‐inch transparent flexible OLED display with Ultra High Definition (UHD) resolution, which can be rolled up to a radius of 80 mm with a transmittance of 40%. The process flow and key technologies to fabricate a large size transparent flexible OLED panel will be discussed.
P‐155: 17 inch High Performance Transparent Display using Newly Scattering‐type Surface Anchoring LC
Authors: Wu Shao-Huai , Chen Chien-Hua , Lian Jan-Tian
Published: June 2018

We have developed a 17 inch colorful transparent liquid crystal display using newly scattering‐type SALC technology, which transparent state in low driving voltage, and polarizer free. The Pixel Per Inch of transparent display was 96. Finally, the 17 inch colorful transparent display using new scattering‐type technology has good visibility and transparency.
49‐1: Visual Quality Improvement of Scattering‐Mode Reflective Display Utilizing Color‐Purifying and Sharpening Algorithms
Authors: Liao Chia-Cheng , Lian Jan-Tian , Liang Jang-Jeng
Published: June 2018

This paper proposes an efficient method to improve the visual quality of scattering‐mode reflective display. The method mainly consists of two parts: color‐purifying and image‐sharpening algorithms. It not only greatly improves the color saturation but also emphasizes fine‐details in the image. Experimental results show that the proposed method consistently achieves satisfactory visual quality in the reflective display.
P‐161: Wide‐view and Fast‐response Uniform Standing Helix Cholesteric LCD
Authors: Tan Guanjun , Chen Haiwei , Lan Yi-Fen , Tsai Cheng-Yeh , Wu Shin-Tson
Published: June 2018

We develop an experimentally validated numerical simulation model to characterize the electro‐optic properties of uniform standing helix (USH) cholesteric liquid crystal displays. Based on the proposed numerical model, the viewing angle properties are analyzed by taking the optical polarization rotation effect into consideration. Furthermore, we propose two compensation schemes to widen the viewing angle of an USH display and achieve contrast ratio >100:1 over 80° viewing cone.
P‐162: Novel SFT Mode Pixel Design for High Viewing Angle of Contrast at Automotive Applications
Authors: Zhou Jun , Ding Zong-cai , Chen Jiang-chuan , Wang Jian-hong , Zhang Yu , Li Jun
Published: June 2018

Customers will concern about different optical parameters in different display applications. Mobile phone displays focused on high transmittance rates, the higher transmittance rates, the lower cost and power consumption. Automotive displays focused on viewing angle of contrast, especially at horizontal direction, because the CID is at the center of driver and co‐driver. Therefore, the applications of SFT mode display change from mobile phone to automotive, the pixel design changes from vertical 2‐domain to horizontal 2‐domain. Tianma proposes a novel SFT mode pixel design, which adopts fake horizontal 2‐domain and stretches the Common ITO space to the boundary of Source line. Compared to the traditional design and high contrast ratio design, the novel pixel design can improve both the contrast ratio and transmittance rates about 20%.
P‐168: Top Emission WOLED for High Resolution OLED TV
Authors: Liu Yang , Wu Yuan-Chun , Jiao Shibo , Tan Wei , Li Jinchuan , Fang ChunHsiung , Lu Po-Yen
Published: June 2018

In this article, two top emission WOLED (TE‐WOLED) devices with different transparent cathode was developed and evaluated. The two devices show different performances due to their different cathode. The improved cathode can largely reduce the IR‐drop and was successfully applied in 31‐inch UHD display panel.
P‐169: A 31‐inch 4K2K Top‐emission OLED Display Using Good Uniformity and Long‐term Reliability Top‐gate Self‐aligned IGZO TFTs
Authors: Liu Fang Mei , Wu Yuan Chun , Hsu Yuan Jun , Yu Ming Jiue , Im Jang Soon , Lu Po Yen
Published: June 2018

In this paper, the transistors with excellent VTH uniformity could be fabricated by tuning oxygen content inside device. the VTH deviation of TFTs in panel is only 0.57V. Moreover, the devices we characterized show high reliability even long‐term stress. Finally, we demonstrated the 31‐inch 4K2K top emission OLED employing the a‐IGZO TFTs.
47‐3: High Efficiency and High PPI AMOLED with Cavity Tuned by Inkjet Printed Hole Injection Layer
Authors: Lee Meng-Ting , Lu Kun-Ta , Chen Yi-Hong , Lin Kuan-Heng , Chen Wen-Pin , Chen Tsu-Wei , Chen Kuo-Kuang , Lu Hsueh-Hsing , Lin Yu-Hsin , Walker Daniel , Creally Matthew , Béalle Gaëlle , Wang Hsing-Ju , Tseng Hsin-Rong , Goulding Mark , Boehm Edgar , Buchholz Herwig
Published: June 2018

A low‐cost AMOLED with 10µm sub‐pixel width is fabricated without using a FMM. Solution hole injection layers were printed on a TFT array panel to replace multiple thicknesses of ITO commonly used for cavity tuning, resulting in a new process with low cost and high pixel density. The panel using inkjet‐printed hole injection layer achieved the same performance as a panel using ITO only. The panel achieved a high NTSC ratio of 95.6% coverage and a reflectivity of ambient light lower than 6%, thanks to a precise alignment of AMOLED sub‐pixels and a RGB color filter rather than a circular polarizer.
47‐2: Invited Paper: Highly Transparent AMOLED for Augmented Reality Applications
Authors: Lin Yu-Hsin , Chen Peng-Yu , Chen Kuo-Kuang , Jen KR , Lu Hsueh-Hsing , Liu Chun-Hsin , Hong Hong-Jye
Published: June 2018

Augmented reality (AR) has started to become popular in our daily life, such as head up display, gaming, house decoration, and many other applications under exploration. Transparent AMOLED is regarded as one of best display technologies for AR applications. In this paper, a highly transparent 13 inch 100 PPI AMOLED was developed for this purpose. Through optimization of TFT array layer stack, OLED cathode pattern and encapsulation structure, 68% transmittance, low reflectance and low yellow index were achieved. With this highly transparent AMOLED, many AR applications can be realized in the future.
P‐171: Modulation of Dibenzothiophene and Carbazole Moieties in Host Material towards High Performance Blue Phosphorescent OLEDs
Authors: Shin Soo Kyeong , Byeon Sung Yong , Han Si Hyun , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: June 2018

A new host material was synthesized for blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) by modulating carbazolyl‐carbazole and dibenzothiophene groups. In particular, by comparing the characteristics of the two hosts with and without a biphenyl linker, we studied the effects of the biphenyl linker on photophysical properties and on the device performances of a blue emitting phosphorescent dopant. As a result, the newly synthesized host materials were functioned as high efficiency and long lifetime host materials in blue phosphorescent devices and they prolonged life span of the blue devices by 5 times compared to a common mCBP blue host.
44‐3: Large Area Multi‐Layer Liquid Crystal Phase Modulators Enabled by Two‐Photon Polymerization
Authors: Franklin Daniel , Lee Yun-Han , He Ziqian , Chanda Debashis , Wu Shin-Tson
Published: June 2018

We demonstrate multi‐fold speed enhancement of liquid crystal phase modulators through laser written sub‐micron scaffolds. The versatile fabrication process allows devices with arbitrary liquid crystal alignment and, therefore, polarization dependence. We lastly discuss the prospects of the technology for large area (>0.5 in2) spatial light modulators.
P‐173: Dual Anthracene Core Derivatives for Highly Efficient Blue OLED Emitters
Authors: Kang Seokwoo , Lee Hayoon , Jung Hyocheol , Jeong Jinwook , Park Jongwook
Published: June 2018

TP‐AA‐TPB, TP‐AA‐TPB, TPB‐AA‐TPB, TP‐AA‐DPA, TP‐AA‐TPA, and TPB‐AA‐TPA were synthesized using a 9,9′‐bianthracene (AA core). Through a systematic side group change, we optimized the dual‐core chromophore system and investigated the relationship between the core and the side groups.
P‐186: Extremely Long Length Electrospun Ag Fiber Electrodes for Flexible Organic Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Choi Junhee , Bae Bong Han , Park Young Wook , Ju Byeong-Kwon
Published: June 2018

We proposed the fabrication process of electrospun Ag fiber electrodes. Ag fiber electrodes is fabricated by etching process of Ag thin film using electrospun polymer fibers used as mask. Ag fiber electrodes has extremely long fiber length, and the surface roughness can be easily adjusted by Ag deposition thickness. The Ag fiber electrodes exhibits the excellent performances in terms of transmittance, sheet resistance and mechanical durability. The OLEDs with Ag fiber electrode shows the maximum external quantum efficiency of 15 %.
P‐189: The Technological Study for Side Etch about ITO Stacked OC Layer on Touch Panel
Authors: Zeng Ting , Shao Xibin , guo Zongjie , Zhang Ming , Ding Xianlin , Chen Qicheng , Du Zhi , Yin Liuyue , qian Yijie , Zhang Yuzhao , Yang Hong
Published: June 2018

The paper is mainly studied that side etch has the relation with ITO stacked OC layer on touch panel; And OC is served as insulating layer used between the electrode of Tx and Rx, the compactness of ITO film has the important influence on temperature and high humidity reliability evaluation. The result is product reliability. The issue of side etch would be electrical disconnection, as to the product work not properly in high suggested that main factors of side etch were the choice of OC materials, and ITO sputtering technique, in addition to the thickness, but can't be improved thoroughly only from optimizing OC materials. Therefore, ITO process, sputtering temperature and depositing power, improved completely the issue of side etch on OC.
40‐5: Invited Paper: High Frame‐Rate 1” WUXGA OLED Microdisplay and Advanced Free‐Form Optics for Ultra‐Compact VR Headsets
Authors: Wartenberg Philipp , Buljan Marina , Richter Bernd , Haas Gunther , Brenner Stephan , Thieme Mike , Vogel Uwe , Benitez Pablo
Published: June 2018

This paper describes two key components for VR: optics and high‐resolution microdisplay. Within the European‐funded project LOMID a new microdisplay with WUXGA resolution for an ultra‐compact optics has been developed. The new optics enables very high resolution VR by using four WUXGA displays at the same time in a particularly compact design.
P‐196: Late‐News Poster: Off Current Reduction of BG poly‐Si TFT by PLAS Process
Authors: Mochii (Student) Ryosuke , Fujii Mami N. , Ishikawa Yasuaki , Sugawara Yuta , Nodera Nobutake , Matsumoto Takao , Uraoka Yukiharu
Published: June 2018

We have examined, for the first time, by using a device simulation, the structure of back‐gated poly‐Si TFT that can be fabricated only by using Partial Laser Anneal Silicon (PLAS) process to reduce the off current of the TFT.
41‐5: Invited Paper: Quantum Dot Conversion Layers Through Inkjet Printing
Authors: Lee Ernest , Tangirala Ravi , Smith Austin , Carpenter Amanda , Hotz Charlie , Kim Heejae , Yurek Jeff , Miki Takayuki , Yoshihara Sunao , Kizaki Takeo , Ishizuka Aya , Kiyoto Ikuro
Published: June 2018

Quantum dot color conversion layers have the potential to greatly improve the efficiency and color performance of displays including and beyond liquid crystal displays. To fully realize these improvements, the quantum dots must be deposited and patterned at high resolution. One promising method for achieving this is through inkjet printing. In this paper we report on the fabrication and characterization of quantum dot inks, as well as films made from inkjet deposition of these materials.
P‐197: Late‐News Poster: Selective Laser Activation Process for Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Park Jeong Woo , Kim Won-Gi , Kang Byung Ha , Lee I Sak , Kim Hyun Jae
Published: June 2018

We proposed high‐energy green laser irradiation as a new technique for the activation of amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide thin film transistors (a‐IGZO TFTs). Compared with IGZO TFTs fabricated at 300°C, green laser‐activated IGZO TFTs without any thermal annealing process showed superior characteristics: field effect mobility of 6.88 cm2/Vs, subthreshold swing of 0.29 V/dec, and on/off ratio of 6.95 x 109. Although a‐IGZO films are hardly absorb green laser due to large bandgap (> 3 eV), a‐IGZO TFTs could be activated by selective heat absorption only for gate, source, and drain metal electrodes with selective green laser irradiation. The thermal energy converted by the laser irradiation selectively activated the channel layer without thermal damage on substrates.
P‐199: Late‐News Poster: Study on Motion Blur of Triangular Waveform Emission with Optimized Enhancer
Authors: Usui Takenobu , Fujisaki Yoshihide , Shiga Tomokazu
Published: June 2018

Degradation of moving image quality by motion blur on hold‐type displays is a well‐known issue. To improve moving image quality, a triangular waveform emission has been proposed. In this study, the characteristics of the triangular emission were analyzed, and its effectiveness for reducing motion blur was demonstrated using an optimized enhance filter.
P‐200: Late‐News Poster: An Evaluation of the External Coupling Noise Causing Abnormal Display in Mobile Display
Authors: Kim Sang Kook , Kim Jong Rea , Moon Kyoung Hwan , Choi Yun Hee , Choe Won Jun
Published: June 2018

An external noise coupled into the power net of mobile driver IC can reveal as flicker or weak horizontal fluctuation in the display. This is a kind of conducted EMS study in electronics. Though conducted EMS for IC has been studied for several decades, conducted EMS dedicated to mobile display has been rarely researched. In the present paper, we find such noise causing abnormal display using noise injection system composed of CDN, power amplifier, and signal generator. Furthermore, we evaluate the noise at the IC input by simulation for identifying its effectiveness on the operation of driver IC. Based on this evaluation result, IC makers can simulate the abnormal analog output which may be visible in mobile display.
P‐204: Late‐News Poster: Enhanced Brightness and Stability of Blue‐emitting Perovskite Quantum Dots
Authors: Lien Jiun-Yi , Chang Michael , Chen Chih-Jung , Chiang Ray-Kuang
Published: June 2018

Perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) are emerging as a promising material for display applications. PeQDs exhibit high quantum yield for both green and red emission, but the quantum yield of blue‐emitting PeQDs is usually below 40~50%. In this work, we have developed bright blue‐emitting PeQDs (450~460 nm) with quantum yield above 70%, high UV‐light absorption, and improved thermal stability. Our results are promising for the use of electro‐luminescence and emissive color filters in order to reach the specification of Rec. 2020.
P‐209: Late‐News Poster: Ordered and Coplanar Chain Conformation of Polyfluorenes by Adopting Solvent Vapor Treatment Process for Enhanced Color Purity in Polymer Light Emitting Diode
Authors: Kim Chi-Heon , Park Ji-sub , Kim Byeonggon , Ko Jeong-Hoon , Jang Dong Hoon , Kim Hak-Rin
Published: June 2018

We investigated molecular chain conformation effect in polyfluorenes (PFO) according to film preparation conditions. By using solvent vapor annealing and introducing anisotropic alignment interface, the molecular conformation of the β phase could be effectively enhanced. The electroluminescence properties of the alterative current driven PLED with the β phase‐enhanced PFO layer exhibited improved color purity for blue, polarized light emission, and more reliable light‐emitting operation owing to the ordered and coplanar molecular chain conformation effects.
10‐2: A Deep Depth of Field Near Eye Light Field Displays Utilizing LC Lens and Dual‐layer LCDs
Authors: Liu Mali , Li Haifeng , Liu Xu
Published: June 2018

We propose a deep depth of field near eye light field displays utilizing LC lens and dual‐layer LCDs utilizing LC lens and dual‐layer LCDs. Furthermore, a structure parameters optimization scheme is proposed to determine the parameters of form factors. A prototype was constructed to verify our proposal. This proposal achieves high resolution, simple form factor and improved depth of field, which overcomes the convergence‐accommodation conflict effectively.
12‐4: Late-News Paper: Reliability Improvement of IGZO and LTPS Hybrid TFTs Array Technology
Authors: Ye Jia-Hong , Huang Ching-Liang , Chen Ming-Yao , Hong Hao-Zhi , Luo Ju-Chun , Huang Kuo-Yu , Peng Chia-Tien , Chen Maw-Song , Huang Wei-Ming , Wu Yang-An
Published: June 2018

We report fabrication processes of indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) and low temperature poly silicon (LTPS) hybrid TFTs array technology. And the SiOx/IGZO interface quality modification and the performance of different thickness of active layer of IGZO device has been investigated by positive gate bias temperature stress method. The optimum processes conditions have been used on the 1.4” inch circular LCD to improve and pass operation tests of high temperature operation (HTO) 274hrs and temperature‐humidity‐bias (THB) 462 hrs to reach mass production phase.
15‐3: New ICtCp and Jzazbz Color Spaces to Analyze the Color Viewing‐Angle Dependence of HDR and WCG Displays
Authors: Boher Pierre , Leroux Thierry , Blanc Pierre
Published: June 2018

The viewing angle emission properties of different HDR & WCG QLED and OLED TVs obtained with a Fourier optics instrument are used to compute there color gamut and color volume properties using standard color spaces and new ICtCp and Jzazbz color spaces. The advantages of the new color spaces is discussed.
16‐1: Invited Paper: Holographic Volumetric 3D Displays
Authors: Khan Javid , Blackwell Christopher , Can Chi , Underwood Ian
Published: June 2018

A holographic volumetric 3D display with images in real‐space is based on diffractive optical elements (DOE) and polychromatic illumination. Volume slices are generated at different physical depths via chromatic dispersion properties of a custom DOE fabricated with sub‐micron features. Illumination is based on laser/LED sources, filtering and DMD projection.
16‐2: Distinguished Student Paper: Characterization of Electronic Displays using Advanced CMOS Single Photon Avalanche Diode Image Sensors
Authors: Mai Hanning , Gyongy Istvan , Dutton Neale A.W. , Henderson Robert K. , Underwood Ian
Published: June 2018

Advanced CMOS Single Photon Avalanche Diode Arrays have the potential to reveal characteristics of electronic display panels that have, until now, been extremely challenging or impossible to measure routinely. We demonstrate the use of a CMOS SPAD array to make optical measurements of pixels of an OLED microdisplay at very high sampling rates, very low light levels and over a very wide dynamic range.
22‐4: Wearable Photobiomodulation Patch using Attachable Flexible Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes for Human Keratinocyte Cells
Authors: Jeon Yongmin , Choi Hye-Ryung , Kwon Jeong Hyun , Choi Seungyeop , Park Kyoung-Chan , Choi Kyung Cheol
Published: June 2018

We demonstrate a wearable photobiomodulation patch using attachable flexible organic light‐emitting diodes. These platforms are very thin (~1.1mm) and can be attached to any part of the body. In addition, by controlling the wavelength (630nm to 650nm), the keratinocyte wound‐healing promotion effect can be optimized by as much as 31.5%.
23‐1: Distinquished Student Paper: An AMOLED Pixel Circuit for 1000 ppi and 5.87‐inch Mobile Displays with AR and VR Applications
Authors: Keum Nack-Hyeon , Chai Chong Chul , Hong Seong-Kwan , Kim Youn-Sik , Kwon Oh-Kyong
Published: June 2018

In this paper, an active‐matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) pixel circuit is proposed for 1000 ppi and 5.87‐inch mobile displays with augmented and virtual reality applications. The proposed pixel circuit consisting of 3 thin‐film transistors (TFTs) and 2 capacitors employs a simultaneous emission driving method to reduce the number of TFTs. The simulation results of the proposed pixel circuit showed that the emission current errors caused by the threshold voltage variation of driving TFT and crosstalk error were less than ±0.4 LSB and ±1 LSB, respectively, over the entire gray level. Therefore, the proposed pixel circuit is highly suitable for AMOLED displays.
23‐2: A Novel Low‐Power OLED Driving Method Based on Gaze Tracking
Authors: Kim Jeong-Sik , Kim Seung-Ryeol , Yu Byung-Chang , Lee Seung-Woo
Published: June 2018

This paper introduces a new low‐power driving method based on gaze tracking for organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays. In the proposed method, the image data becomes darker as it is farther from the gaze point. We verified that our proposed method can reduce power consumption by about 27% without degradation in quality of experience (QoE) through a psychophysical experiment.
19‐4: Late-News Paper: New P‐type Amorphous Semiconductor with High Transparency and High Mobility of 9 cm2/Vs for Next‐Generation Displays
Authors: Kim Junghwan , Jun Taehwan , Hosono Hideo
Published: June 2018

Over the last decade, thin‐film transistors (TFTs) based on transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors (TAOSs) have significantly contributed to flat‐panel display (FPD) technologies because of their various advantages. However, a practical complementary circuit using TAOSs has not been realized as conventional TAOSs exhibit only n‐type semiconducting behavior. Herein, we propose a material design concept of a high‐performance p‐type transparent amorphous semiconductor (TAS) utilizing the pseudo s‐orbital nature of spatially spread large p‐orbitals and demonstrate an amorphous Cu−Sn−I (a‐CuSnI) thin film with high transparency and high Hall mobility (9 cm2/V). The proposed a‐CuSnI thin film was successfully fabricated using a solution process at considerably low temperature (<140 °C). We hope this new p‐type TAS proves to be a turning point in the field of active matrix devices for next‐generation displays.
21‐2: Towards Direct‐View Accommodative Light Field Displays
Authors: Woodgate Graham J. , Robinson Michael G. , Harrold Jonathan , Ihas Benjamin , Ramsey Robert
Published: June 2018

Progress is reported on a programmable imaging backlight for a glasses‐free light field display (LFD). Dynamic backlight steering combined with a micro‐lens array is used to optimize image quality while reducing data loading with potential for compensating vision deficiencies. A resolution optimization analysis for micro‐lens based LFD is provided.
26‐1: Invited Paper: High Efficiency and High Stability Exciplex‐Based OLEDs
Authors: Sarma Monima , Wong Ken-Tsung , Liu Shun-Wei , Hung Wen-Yi
Published: June 2018

Organic materials exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) are an outstanding class of functional materials that have witnessed a significant development in recent years. Besides the pure TADF emitters, a new class of efficient TADF‐based OLEDs have also been fabricated which encompasses the intermolecular charge transfer between physically blended electron donor and acceptor moieties. In such systems, the electron and hole are positioned on two different molecules, thereby giving small exchange energy and thus, the ΔEST values are observed to be very small in the range 0−0.05 eV, even smaller than that of pure TADF materials. Consequently, exciplex‐based OLEDs have the potential to maximize the contribution from TADF and realize theoretical 100% internal quantum efficiency. As a result, the challenging task of achieving small ΔEST in organic systems has been resolved. In this paper, we demonstrated the molecular design strategy of using ” remote steric effect” on the donor molecules for improving the efficiency of exciplex‐based OLEDs and the importance of acceptor structure on the stability of exciplex‐hosted phosphorescent OLEDs.
27‐3: High Performance Fringe Field Switching Mode Liquid Crystal Display with Photo‐alignment Technology for Vehicular Application
Authors: Mizusaki Masanobu , Tsuchiya Hiroshi , Minoura Kiyoshi , Ogawa Katsuya , Taniike Koshiro , Fujihara Toshiaki
Published: June 2018

We have developed a novel photo‐alignment FFS‐LCD (PA‐FFS‐LCD) with a wide nematic temperature range from ‐40°C to 95°C. Our developed PA‐FFS‐LCD shows fast gray‐to‐gray response time (< 20 ms at 25°C and < 300 ms at ‐30°C), wide viewing angle, and high contrast ratio over 1500. Image sticking was not recognized owing to a suitable configuration of pixel and common electrodes. The developed LCD can be used for vehicular application.
30‐3: Ultra‐High‐Speed 6DOF SLAM using Optical Compression
Authors: Lieberman Klony , Greenspan Daniel , Moses Ouriel , Barach Gilad
Published: June 2018

Using optical‐domain compression with multiple sensor orientations, we demonstrate an approach capable of running full 6 degree of freedom (“6DOF”) visual SLAM at 1KHz with sub millisecond latency. Incorporating a custom‐designed optical compression module that maintains high unidirectional entropy, the system reduces the data flow by several orders of magnitude compared to conventional 2D and 3D image sensors. We present a novel positioning and localization system that is lightweight enough to perform high‐speed, low‐latency inside‐out tracking on mobile computing platforms without dedicated processing hardware.
32‐1: On‐chip Red Quantum Dots in White LEDs for General Illumination
Authors: Estrada Daniel , Shimizu Ken , Bohmer Marcel , Gangwal Sumit , Diederich Thomas , Grabowski Stefan , Tashjian Greg , Chamberlin Danielle , Shchekin Oleg B. , Bhardwaj Jyoti
Published: June 2018

We report on white LEDs for the general illumination market with red colloidal quantum dots (QDs) applied in an on‐chip configuration. Red QDs, in combination with conventional phosphors, lead to LED conversion efficiency improvements that close the gap between 80 and 90 color rendering indexes (CRI) down to within 6% efficacy on a normalized Lm/W basis. We report on QDs colorcloud distribution compared to commercial phosphors in a large scale LED production and on a 7% performance gain from QDs in a chip on board (COB) LED device architecture.
33‐3: Systematic Optimization for Achieving Indistinguishable Color Shift of RGB OLED Displays
Authors: Tan Guanjun , Lee Jiun-Haw , Lin Sheng-Chieh , Zhu Ruidong , Choi Sang-Hun , Wu Shin-Tson
Published: June 2018

Microcavity in organic light emitting diode (OLED) contributes to enhance the optical efficiency and color saturation. While a major tradeoff of strong cavity effect is its apparent angular color shift, especially for the RGB‐based OLED displays due to their subpixels' mismatched emission angular distributions. We propose a systematic optimization approach for RGB‐OLED displays. Three objectives, namely external quantum efficiency (EQE), color gamut coverage, and angular color shift of primary and mixed colors can be optimized simultaneously. Our optimization algorithm is proven to be effective for suppressing color shift, while keeping a relatively high optical efficiency and wide color gamut.
35‐4: A Compensation Algorithm for Degradation in AMOLED Displays
Authors: Kim Jaeshin , Ko Junhan , Park Jongwoong , Jeong Geunyoung , Maeng Hosuk , Park Seungho , Choe Wonjun
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we propose a compensation algorithm without neither applying extra pixel circuit nor sensing IC. This method compensates OLED burn‐in with empirical model of emitting material degradation. We extracted modeling parameters from large amount of measured data and applied the proposed algorithm into driver IC. Test results show good performance for improving images sticking level. This algorithm has been applied commercial products of Samsung Display for several years.
36‐4: The Correlation of Liquid Crystal Alignment and the Amount of Photo‐Fragmented Surface Morphology
Authors: Lee In Hye , Choi Jong Sun , Shin Dong Myung
Published: June 2018

Two photo‐fragment activators, AAP and CAP, were synthesized as an additive, and applied for enhancement of azimuthal anchoring energy. During the ultraviolet (UV) exposure, created radicals from each activator generated carbon dioxide, and the surfaces became rough and hard by effects of the gas elimination. Understandably, we studied changes of surface morphology according to the UV exposure and tried to investigate the correlation of liquid crystal alignment with the changes of surface morphology.
38‐2: Invited Paper: Strain‐engineered Platform Technology for Stretchable Hybrid Electronics
Authors: Hong Yongtaek , Lee Byeongmoon , Byun Junghwan , Oh Eunho , Yoon Jaeyoung , Kim Hyunjong , Choi Seongdae , Cho Hyun
Published: June 2018

In this paper, our effort in strain‐engineered platform technology for stretchable hybrid electronics (SHE) is reviewed, which includes mold‐based substrate thickness modulation, printed‐rigid‐island embedding, printed pure‐epoxy banks patterning, and liquid‐metal floating chip‐bonding structure. The platforms using those strategies excellently suppressed highly localized stress at transition area between rigid and soft components and thus protected elements (surface mount chips, light emitting diodes, sensors, etc.) from breakage under tensile strain conditions. Although each structure has its own pros and cons, electronic systems with such structure stably operate for tensile strain up to 10s percent.
Point estimation following two‐stage adaptive threshold enrichment clinical trials
Authors: Kimani Peter K. , Todd Susan , Renfro Lindsay A. , Stallard Nigel
Published: June 2018

Recently, several study designs incorporating treatment effect assessment in biomarker‐based subpopulations have been proposed. Most statistical methodologies for such designs focus on the control of type I error rate and power. In this paper, we have developed point estimators for clinical trials that use the two‐stage adaptive enrichment threshold design. The design consists of two stages, where in stage 1, patients are recruited in the full population. Stage 1 outcome data are then used to perform interim analysis to decide whether the trial continues to stage 2 with the full population or a subpopulation. The subpopulation is defined based on one of the candidate threshold values of a numerical predictive biomarker. To estimate treatment effect in the selected subpopulation, we have derived unbiased estimators, shrinkage estimators, and estimators that estimate bias and subtract it from the naive estimate. We have recommended one of the unbiased estimators. However, since none of the estimators dominated in all simulation scenarios based on both bias and mean squared error, an alternative strategy would be to use a hybrid estimator where the estimator used depends on the subpopulation selected. This would require a simulation study of plausible scenarios before the trial.
Genetic risk prediction using a spatial autoregressive model with adaptive lasso
Authors: Wen Yalu , Shen Xiaoxi , Lu Qing
Published: June 2018

With rapidly evolving high‐throughput technologies, studies are being initiated to accelerate the process toward precision medicine. The collection of the vast amounts of sequencing data provides us with great opportunities to systematically study the role of a deep catalog of sequencing variants in risk prediction. Nevertheless, the massive amount of noise signals and low frequencies of rare variants in sequencing data pose great analytical challenges on risk prediction modeling. Motivated by the development in spatial statistics, we propose a spatial autoregressive model with adaptive lasso (SARAL) for risk prediction modeling using high‐dimensional sequencing data. The SARAL is a set‐based approach, and thus, it reduces the data dimension and accumulates genetic effects within a single‐nucleotide variant (SNV) set. Moreover, it allows different SNV sets having various magnitudes and directions of effect sizes, which reflects the nature of complex diseases. With the adaptive lasso implemented, SARAL can shrink the effects of noise SNV sets to be zero and, thus, further improve prediction accuracy. Through simulation studies, we demonstrate that, overall, SARAL is comparable to, if not better than, the genomic best linear unbiased prediction method. The method is further illustrated by an application to the sequencing data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.
Imidazolium Zwitterionic Molten Salt: An Efficient Organocatalyst under Neat Conditions at Room Temperature for the Synthesis of Dipyrromethanes as well as Bis(indolyl)methanes
Authors: Chatterjee Rana , Mahato Sachinta , Santra Sougata , Zyryanov Grigory V. , Hajra Alakananda , Majee Adinath
Published: June 2018

An imidazole‐based zwitterionic‐salt, 4‐(3‐methylimidazolium)butane sulfonate (MBS), has been found to be an efficient organocatalyst for the synthesis of dipyrromethanes as well as bis(indolyl)methanes at room temperature under solvent‐free conditions (neat) in high yields. The reaction procedure is very simple and a large variety of aldehydes have been examined under similar conditions for indoles and pyrroles. The catalytic reaction proceeded very smoothly and showed high chemoselectivity. Clean reaction, ease of product isolation/purification, easily accessible reactants, metal and solvent‐free and environmentally friendly reaction conditions are the notable advantages of the present methodology.
Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of a Novel Eu3+‐Containing Polysiloxane Copolymer
Authors: Li Dongxin , Jia Jing , Wang Bin , Jia Husheng , Zhang Aiqin , Liu Xuguang , Shen Qianqian , Xu Bingshe
Published: June 2018

Through pre‐coordination and subsequent polymerization from vinyl‐functionalized complex monomer with polysiloxane prepolymer (synthesized by vinyltrimethoxysilane and diphenylsilanediol), a novel anti‐ultraviolet Eu3+‐containing polysiloxane copolymer was obtained. FT‐IR spectra and UV/Visible absorption spectra prove the structure of the copolymer. TG‐DTG analyses indicate the copolymer keeps stable up to 321°C. When excited at 365 nm, the copolymer exhibits a stronger red emission at 612 nm. And the CIE coordinates (x=0.648, y=0.336) are very close to the National Television Standard Committee standard. Further, the red LEDs fabricated with the copolymer on 365 nm‐emitting chips display superior luminance (52110 cd/m2). Finally, 30‐day UV aging test only shows luminance loss of 6% and power efficiency loss of 7.3%, so the UV‐aging resistance of the copolymer is realized. All the results indicate that the Eu3+‐containing organosilicon copolymer is a promising anti‐ultraviolet red candidate.
Structural and Electronic Investigation of Tetrachalcogenidomolybdate Dianions
Authors: Chang Alison S. , Pintauer Tomislav , Basu Partha , Eckenhoff William T.
Published: June 2018

Four compounds with tetrachalcogenidomolybdate dianions were examined under identical conditions by single crystal X‐ray diffraction and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Structural comparisons of bond lengths and angles were made looking at effects of counter‐cations and type of chalcogenide (S or O). Ultimately, bond lengths and angles were found to be fairly regular for each anion and in good agreement with computational results, with exceptions likely stemming from close contacts in the crystal packing. A trend of increasing bond lengths was observed with increasing cation size. The most notable structural deviation occurred in [MoO2S2]2−, where the theoretical structure has a smaller O−Mo‐O angle and a larger S−Mo‐S angle, which was opposite in the crystal structure. This is likely attributed to N−H—S and N−H—O interactions. Both experimental and computational results suggest that uniform charge delocalization in all four structures. The HOMO‐LUMO gap increases significantly with increasing number of oxygen atoms and electronic transitions were determined to be all ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT).