bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From the Generation of Continental Philosophy to the Generation of Analytical Philosophy
Authors: Ivanov D.V.
Published: May 2024

The article examines the evolution of philosophical generations in the Moscow academic environment from the late 90s of the last century to the mid-10s of this century. The work notes that the concept of “philosophical generation” should be used to indicate the exclusivity of any cultural phenomenon associated with a certain period of time. As a rule, at these stages of social development, we note in all spheres of cultural life a special rise in creative activity associated with the production or development of new ideas, meanings, the emergence of new trends in the discussion of already familiar problems and phenomena, the formation of a special vision and perception of the world as a whole. It is involvement in this activity that allows for the formation of a special generational identity, which presupposes a sense of involvement in some common process. Another point of this article is that waves of creative upswing are always followed by downturns. During these periods, we cannot identify any single cultural trend that allows the formation of a designated identity. Accordingly, we cannot talk about the presence of a special generation. Based on personal experience, the author of the article notes the changes in the academic philosophical environment that occurred during the designated period. This transformation was characterized by the transition from the generation of continental philosophy of the 90s through a period of decline to the formation of a generation of analytical philosophy in the late 2000s and early 1900s of this century.
Evolución de las normas y otros instrumentos en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo en Venezuela
Authors: Andara Peña Bernavé José
Published: May 2024

Esta investigación aplicada, documental y descriptiva se centró en estudiar la evolución de las normas y otros instrumentos en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, la configuración actual del contenido normativo y las bases que sustentan tal regulación, con fundamento en los estándares internacionales que Venezuela reconoce como Estado miembro de la OIT. Se encontró como un hecho contradictorio que, a pesar de que dentro de la legislación venezolana existe un ordenamiento jurídico extenso y completo de contenidos arraigados en derechos y deberes tanto de los trabajadores y empleadores, dichos instrumentos jurídicos se consagran en verdaderos pilares de desprotección frente a la tutela que debe brindársele a su contenido.
An Overview Of The Biological Methods Used To Assess DNA Damage In Humans
Authors: Joseph M Bankole
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this work is to summarize the biological methods available for assessing DNA damage in humans at present. There are several methods for determining single-strand DNA breaks, alkali-labile sites, and crosslinks, including comet assays, micronucleus assays, cytogenetics (which include sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberration assays), DNA repair assays, oxidative DNA damage assays (measuring oxidized bases such as 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine), and oxidized bases. There are many factors to consider when determining the best method, including how to achieve the study's objectives, what type of DNA damage to measure, and what resources are available. Combining different techniques may also contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of DNA damage and its effects on human health. By standardizing assays and advancing technology, we will be able to determine DNA damage in humans more accurately.
High-performance proton exchange membrane employing water-insoluble hybrid formed by chemically bonding phosphotungstic acid with polydopamine
Authors: Lu Zhongrui , Yuan Xiancan , Jia Xiaoyang , Lin Jun , He Shaojian
Published: May 2024

Heteropolyacids can retain water in a proton exchange membrane to increase proton conductivity at high temperatures and low humidity; however, their high solubility in water leads to leaching, which limits their further application. Herein, we used phosphotungstic acid (HPW) and polydopamine (PDA) particles to prepare a water-insoluble PDA/HPW hybrid (PDW) via hydrothermal reaction. The amino groups of PDA in PDW chemically bonded to HPW and acted as an anchor for HPW. The proton conductivity of the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) composite membrane containing 15wt% PDW (SPEEK/PDW-15) in liquid water was 0.052 S⸱cm–1 at 25 ℃, which was 63% higher than that of the SPEEK control membrane (0.032 S⸱cm–1). The SPEEK/PDW-15 composite membrane also showed stable proton conductivity during 80 days of testing while immersed in water.
Records in Contexts im Staatsarchiv Thurgau
Authors: Hofer Simon
Published: May 2024

Im vorliegenden Artikel geht es um die Frage, ob und wie das Konzeptmodell von Records in Contexts (RiC) bei der Erschliessung von Grundbuchbeständen im Staatsarchiv Thurgau eingesetzt werden könnte. Zunächst kommt ein de facto rückblickendes Szenario zum Zug mit der Verzeichnung einer Archivalie aus dem aktuell zu erschliessenden Bestand. Danach dient eine SIARD-Datei aus dessen Nachfolgebestand als Versuchsobjekt. Das Konzeptmodell erweist sich grundsätzlich als praktikabel und die Verzeichnung der Metadaten als Normdaten verspricht erhebliche Vorteile bei der Daten- beziehungsweise Informationsvernetzung und -Nutzung. Für eine reale Umsetzung von RiC bestünde aber Bedarf nach massgeschneiderten Applikationen. Zudem wäre ersteres Szenario im Vergleich zur aktuellen Erschliessung mit einem enormen Zusatzaufwand verbunden. Im Fall der SIARD-Verzeichnung scheint das Kosten-Nutzen-Verhältnis vertretbar.
Une politique publique du Records Management au Tessin ?
Authors: Bottani Alessia
Published: May 2024

Alors que le Records Management est aujourd’hui bien implanté dans de nombreuses administrations suisses, cantonales et communales, qu’en est-il du Tessin? Une enquête auprès de plusieurs acteurs locaux a confirmé notre hypothèse de départ, selon laquelle dans les administrations tessinoises, la gestion des documents d’activité, qui plus est électronique, est encore abordée de manière très disparate et sans véritable cadre stratégique. Par ailleurs, à la différence de bien des consœurs, les Archives cantonales n’ont pas encore investi le terrain du Records Management. Nous avons prolongé notre état des lieux par une réflexion sur les causes, avant de conclure sur des pistes d’intervention futures.
D’un point de vue méthodologique, nous avons expérimenté l’association de deux outils théoriques issus de champs différents: le modèle dit «de maturité» (gestion de l’information) et l’analyse des politiques publiques (Management public).
Mönche, Schnee und Algorithmen – Eine Anwendung von Topic Modeling auf die Wetterbeobachtungen des Einsiedler Paters Joseph Dietrich (1645-1704)
Authors: Heinzmann Lukas
Published: May 2024

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird exemplarisch die Eignung computergestützter Textanalyseverfahren für die Untersuchung frühneuzeitlicher Texte diskutiert. Zu diesem Zweck wurden Pater Joseph Dietrichs (1645-1704) Wetterbeobachtungen mit Hilfe von Topic Modeling analysiert. In einem ersten Schritt erfolgte die Konzeption eines geeigneten Workflows. Eine Besonderheit der gewählten Vorgehensweise bestand darin, dass die Anwendung des Algorithmus mit unterschiedlichen Arten der Segmentierung vorgenommen wurde. Dadurch konnten in einem zweiten Schritt sowohl inhaltliche Muster als auch orthografische und stilistische Veränderungen über längere Zeiträume herausgearbeitet werden. Die Ergebnisse bilden eine wesentliche Grundlage für die Entschlüsselung der Schreib- und Arbeitsweise des Autors sowie für das Verständnis seiner Naturwahrnehmung.
Stand der Handschriftenerkennung im ABD-Kontext
Authors: Pfister Claudia
Published: May 2024

Die automatische Handschriftenerkennung (HTR) hat sich in kurzer Zeit zu einem wertvollen Werkzeug mit grossem Potenzial für ABD-Institutionen entwickelt. Die so entstandenen neuen Möglichkeiten will diese Arbeit illustrieren unter Verwendung der Software Transkribus (Stand 2022). Anhand eines kleinen Corpus von Alltagsbriefen des Gelehrten Johannes Gessner aus dem 18. Jahrhundert werden eine Auswahl öffentlicher Transkribus-Modelle getestet sowie die Vorteile aufgezeigt, die das Erstellen eigener Modelle je nach Textcorpus bieten kann. Dabei wird gezeigt, wie mit wenig Trainingsdaten Transkriptionen erstellt werden können, die für wissenschaftliche Fragestellungen verwendbar sind und eine Stütze bieten bei der manuellen Transkription.
Grosse Sprachmodelle
Authors: Handschuh Siegfried
Published: May 2024

Der Artikel gibt einen umfassenden Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Forschung zur generativen KI und insbesondere grossen Sprachmodellen (Large Language Models, LLMs). Es werden die Architektur, das Training und die emergenten Fähigkeiten von LLMs wie GPT-3 erläutert. Grosse Sprachmodelle basieren auf neuronalen Netzen und werden auf riesigen Textdatenmengen trainiert. Dabei lernen sie, basierend auf dem bisherigen Textverlauf das jeweils nächste Wort vorherzusagen. Obwohl dies eine einfache Aufgabe ist, ermöglicht dies komplexe sprachliche Fähigkeiten. Mit zunehmender Modellgrösse zeigen LLMs dabei unerwartete emergente Fähigkeiten wie Textzusammenfassung, mathematische Operationen oder räumliches Denken.
Allerdings haben LLMs auch Schwächen wie die Tendenz zum Fabulieren bei Wissenslücken und mangelnde Kohärenz. Aktuell gibt es rasante Fortschritte durch neue Modelle wie GPT-3 und ChatGPT. Zukünftige Entwicklungen müssen ethische Aspekte berücksichtigen. Insgesamt eröffnen grosse Sprachmodelle faszinierende Möglichkeiten, aber weitere Forschung ist nötig. Der Artikel liefert eine umfassende Übersicht zu Chancen und Herausforderungen dieses rasanten Technologiefeldes.
Einleitung Teil 1
Authors: Knoch-Mund Gaby
Published: May 2024

Archivgut und Kulturerbe erhalten im Spannungsfeld von Politik und Gesellschaft, von Digitalisierung und Informationsethik
évaluation aux Archives cantonales vaudoises
Authors: Visconti Simone
Published: May 2024

À travers l’analyse de l’évaluation aux Archives cantonales vaudoises, cet article questionne le lien entre production théorique et pratique. L’évaluation des ACV est d’abord replacée dans un contexte archivistique plus large, théorique, normatif et méthodologique. Des éléments problématiques sont questionnés, tels que la répartition des rôles dans l’évaluation entre archivistes (valeur historique) et représentants de l’administration (valeur juridico-administrative). La deuxième partie de l’article se concentre sur la pratique de l’évaluation aux ACV et souligne un manque de « transparence » malgré les efforts consentis pour rendre le processus décisionnel moins aléatoire. L’article se termine avec la présentation d’outils de travail destinés à améliorer la visibilité et la réflexivité de l’évaluation.
Buscando lo nativo: Incógnitas, expectativas culturales y otras reflexiones para comprender la cultura de los pueblos andinos antiguos y coloniales
Authors: Ramírez Susan
Published: May 2024

La nota evidencia, a través de ejemplos y experiencias personales en la lectura y análisis de las fuentes escritas, cuestiones heurísticas y metodológicas que el/la etnohistoriador(a) debe tener presente al momento de llevar a cabo investigaciones sobre el mundo andino antiguo y colonial; en particular, las complejas incógnitas que pueden surgir al revisar los documentos y las expectativas culturales del propio investigador, así como la necesidad ineludible de una perspectiva interdisciplinaria.
The benefits of using English in domestic history classes to improve Algerian students’ intercultural competence
Authors: Koudded Mohamed
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to examine the effectiveness of incorporating English as a means of teaching the history of Algeria as a cultural component in English textbooks, as a way of enhancing the student’s linguistic and cultural competency. To achieve this aim, instructors in Algerian Southern provinces are asked to respond to a questionnaire created specifically for English-language secondary school teachers. The number of the teachers who responded to the questionnaire is thirteen (13) teachers. The study found that the majority of teachers have positive attitudes towards the efficiency of teaching historical facts about Algeria in English. Based on the findings, teaching the history of Algeria in English seems to be an addition to enhancing the learners’ skills in improving their knowledge about the history of the country's culture. This study is directed to the officials, syllabus designers, teachers, and supervisors to consider inserting historical topics about Algeria in English textbooks to enhance both the student’s linguistic and intercultural knowledge.
Keywords: Culture; EFL Class; history; intercultural competence; teaching.
Exploring lecturers’ perceptions of third-year English students’ online learning in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period
Authors: Benraghda Abdelmadjid , Benchenouf Chaima
Published: May 2024

Covid-19 affected every industry, especially education; it was the only sector that went fully online. This study examines lecturers' perceptions towards online learning post-Covid-19, at the English Department of Borj Bou Arreridj University. A semi-structured interview was conducted with nine English lecturers to explore their perspectives and attitudes toward online learning. The results of this research show that most lecturers have a negative attitude toward online learning during post-Covid-19 and prefer the traditional way of teaching and, learning. They believe that face-to-face interaction is better than online learning because online learning is inconvenient and less effective for both lecturers and students.
Keywords: Covid-19; lecturer; online learning; perceptions; teaching.
The Ethics of Rearing Animals for Meat: Can Sentience Provide a Meaningful Threshold for Moral Concern? A Defence of Compassionate Speciesism
Authors: Craven Neil
Published: May 2024

Rearing and killing animals for meat poses a few ethical questions. Sentientism holds that a being has moral status if and only if it is sentient. The philosopher Peter Singer considers that the suffering of a sentient being should count equally with the like suffering of any other being and thus prioritising human interests over those of non-human animals amounts to an unjustifiable speciesism. I argue that sentientism is false and that suffering and sentience are separate considerations. Prioritising human interests may be justifiable since species relativism but, a fortiori, I argue that we have ample reasons for endorsing and embracing speciesism. I present the case for conscientious omnivorism and compassionate speciesism.
Perspectives on Collaboration and Community Partnership in Improving Health Outcomes
Authors: Smith Diane , Pettitt Maureen
Published: May 2024

People working together in effective collaboration is necessary to realize improvements in today’s rapidly changing health care landscape. In Skagit County, the Population Health Trust (PHT) was established through an intentional process of building a coalition of community members, agencies, and public health with a shared vision and commitment to improve community health. The perspective presented in this review describes best practices followed in building a collaboration to move the dial on community health beyond clinical care to address determinates of health. Next steps in the process are informed by PHT member feedback and lessons learned.
Estrategias digitales en las plataformas online de El Comercio y La República al cubrir el caso Vacunagate entre el 10 y 15 de febrero de 2021, durante la pandemia de la Covid-19
Authors:   , Espinoza Miranda Juan Diego
Published: May 2024

La presente tesis tiene como tema la utilización de estrategias digitales en las plataformas online de medios de comunicación peruanos durante la cobertura del caso ‘Vacunagate’ en el contexto de la pandemia de la Covid-19. El objetivo general es identificar las estrategias digitales que usaron El Comercio y La República en sus plataformas online al cubrir este caso entre el 10 y el 15 de febrero de 2021. La técnica de recolección de datos que se siguió fue el análisis de contenido, aplicado a las notas web publicadas en el período de tiempo establecido, ya que correspondieron a los primeros días de cobertura del caso y mantuvieron un alto nivel de relevancia periodística. Además, al verse involucrado el presidente y otros representantes del Poder Ejecutivo, este hecho controvertido en plena pandemia generó indignación y malestar tanto en la opinión pública nacional como en los medios extranjeros. Según lo señalado, investigar las estrategias digitales empleadas por estos dos medios proporcionará conocimientos enriquecedores que permitirán comprender mejor cómo las utilizan para conectarse con su audiencia, fomentar la interacción y mantener su relevancia en un entorno altamente competitivo. En este sentido, la investigación contribuirá al campo de la comunicación digital al identificar estrategias usadas por medios de comunicación en un contexto nuevo e incierto como la pandemia de Covid-19. Asimismo, los hallazgos podrán ofrecer recomendaciones y mejores prácticas para otros medios que enfrenten desafíos similares en la cobertura de noticias y necesiten utilizar estrategias digitales.
ANTECEDENTE DE HIPERTENSIÓN ARTERIAL EN PACIENTES ADULTOS ASOCIADOS A SÍNTOMAS NEUROLÓGICOS DURANTE EL CURSO DE LA INFECCIÓN POR COVID 19, PERÚ, 2021
Authors:   , Leyva Paulini Alexandra Antonella , Meza Palacios Joel Emerson
Published: May 2024

Objetivo:  Determinar la asociación entre hipertensión arterial en pacientes adultos y síntomas neurológicos por COVID-19 durante el curso de la enfermedad Métodos: El presente estudio fue de tipo observacional, transversal analítico. La población constó de personas adultas entre 40 y 60 años con prueba diagnóstica positiva para COVID 19 durante el 2020 y 2021 en el departamento de Lima, Perú. Las variables de interés fueron hipertensión arterial como exposición, y síntomas neurológicos como variable resultado; medidas en una encuesta, mediante el método Delphi (instrumento validado); respondidas por autoreporte. Resultados: Se analizó 354 individuos con edad media de 56 (DE:10,61); donde un total de 188 participantes padecían de Hipertensión arterial (53.1%; IC 95%) y 141 participantes (39.8%; IC 95%) tenían síntomas neurológicos. Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa de 2.57 (1.76 - 3.76) más probabilidad de presentar síntomas neurológicos, si se tiene el antecedente de hipertensión arterial (p= 0,009; IC 95%); más aún, aquellos pacientes en este rango de edad tenían 1.05 más prevalencia de presentar síntomas neurológicos. Sin embargo, no se encontró una asociación significativa entre la severidad de los síntomas neurológicos y la hipertensión arterial. Conclusión: Se encontró asociación entre hipertensión arterial y síntomas neurológicos; habiendo mayor prevalencia de síntomas neurológicos en los participantes contagiados con COVID 19, que presentaban el antecedente de hipertensión arterial. Se recomienda hacer un seguimiento periódico de los síntomas neurológicos en estos pacientes.
Estrategias digitales que se relacionan con la intención de compra de prendas de moda en Lima
Authors:   , Moncada Araya Maria Fernanda , Egoavil Araujo Yhair Heber
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar si existe una relación entre la reseña del consumidor en línea, la publicidad en las redes sociales y el respaldo de influencers respecto a la intención de compra en prendas de moda en hombres y mujeres de 18 a 55 años que viven en Lima.
Digitalisation of State Services in Bangladesh
Authors: Khene Caroline , Hernandez Kevin
Published: May 2024

The government-led digital strategy in Bangladesh began well before the Covid-19 pandemic; the pandemic itself simply accelerated the digitalisation of public services globally. This report examines digital innovations across essential public services in Bangladesh, particularly those spurred on by the Covid-19 pandemic. It highlights major accountability and access outcomes, especially for marginalised groups across different capacities, identities, and geographic regions. The report looks at digitalisation experiences in key areas, including education, health, social protection, accountability, and addressing violence against women. While the pandemic accelerated these efforts, it also revealed persistent digital inequalities in terms of access, capacity, and structural factors such as human capital, political economy, and social and cultural norms. Rather than framing technology as an automatically efficiency-enhancing tool, the report illustrates on the ground realities and constructs a more nuanced perspective. It positions technology as an enabler in realising better futures together, while also underscoring challenges around digital rights and government oversight. The report calls for deliberative approaches in designing digital public services, enabling digital ethics in regulation, and gathering critical data on minority groups, connectivity, and actual digital service users. This frames technology as part of a broader, inclusive development agenda, rather than an ends in itself.
Übersichtskarte zu Hoer Alexander (2024): Die Höhenbefestigungen Samniums vom 4.–1. Jh. v. Chr.
Authors: Hoer Alexander
Published: May 2024

Übersichtskarte zu Hoer Alexander (2024): Die Höhenbefestigungen Samniums vom 4.–1. Jh. v. Chr. | Eine landschafts- und siedlungsarchäologische Analyse
YÜZÜNCÜ YILINDA TÜRKİYE DEMOGRAFİSİ
Authors: Beyaz Cenk
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada Cumhuriyetin kuruluşundan itibaren yüz yıllık süre içerisinde Türkiye’deki nüfus yapısına, politikalarına ve hareketliliğine odaklanılacaktır. Yeni ulus devlete; savaş, göç, hastalık vb. sebeplerle azalan ve dağınık halde bulunan kırsal bir toplum miras kalmıştı. Kaybedilen topraklardan anakaraya gelen Türk ve Müslüman unsurlar Türkiye’nin nüfus yapısını da meydana getirmeye başlamıştı. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti, kuruluşu itibariyle “nüfus artışı ekonomik kalkınmayı destekler” görüşü ekseninde nüfusu arttırmaya ve doğumları teşvik etmeye yönelik pro-natalist politikalar benimseyerek doğurganlığın arttırılmasını ve Türk ve Müslüman unsurların Türkiye’ye gelişlerini teşvik etmiştir. Bu doğrultuda gebeliği önleyici yöntemlerin üretilmesini, ithalini, uygulamasını ve gebeliğin isteyerek düşükle sonlandırılmasını suç olarak kabul eden yasal düzenlemelere gidilmiştir. Aynı zamanda çok sayıda çocuk sahibi olmak doğrudan ya da dolaylı bir şekilde özendirilmiştir. Ücretsiz doğumevlerinin kurulması, yasal evlenme yaşının erkekler için 18’den 17’ye, kadınlar için ise 17’den 15’e indirilmesi desteklenmiştir. 1960’lardan itibaren ise planlı döneme geçişle birlikte nüfusu azaltıcı ve doğumları kontrol edici (anti-natalist) politikaların benimsendiği görülmektedir. Böylelikle “nüfus artışı ekonomik kalkınma önünde engeldir” görüşü doğrultusunda nüfus politikaları hayata geçirilmeye başlanmıştır. Bu minvalde 557 sayılı Nüfus Planlaması Hakkında Kanun ile gebeliği önleyici yöntemlerin satışı, ithali ve uygulaması yeniden yasal hale getirilmiştir. 1983 yılında kabul edilen 2827 sayılı Nüfus Planlaması Hakkında Kanun ile ise onuncu haftaya kadar gebeliklerin isteğe bağlı olarak sonlandırılması ve kadın ve erkeklerin tüplerinin bağlanması yasallaşmıştır. 2008 yılından itibarense “en az 3 çocuk” söylemiyle dikkat çeken nüfus arttırıcı politikalar tekrardan işler hale gelmiştir. Doğum ve ölüm eksenli artış ve azalışların yanı sıra uluslararası kitlesel göçler sebebiyle meydana gelen nüfus hareketliliği de Türkiye’nin yüz yıllık demografik serüveninin son yıllarına damgasını vurmuştur.
A dialética apocalíptica de Tennessee Williams em "The Chalky White Substance"
Authors: Toledo Luis Marcio Arnaut de
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho analisa a peça em um ato The Chalky White Substance, escrita por Tennessee Williams em 1981, baseada na contextualização social, política e histórica daquele momento. Dessa forma, são apresentadas e discutidas as conjunturas da Guerra Fria e da ascensão do conservadorismo no governo de Ronald Reagan e suas conexões com a narrativa da peça. É definida a ideia de que esse governo utilizava uma linguagem apocalíptica para manter-se no poder com suas ideologias, assim, identificadas na narrativa dramática de Williams, ao figurar a Terceira Guerra Mundial, a devastação do planeta por bombas termonucleares e o esfacelamento humano como consequência. Pode-se dizer, portanto, que a peça é uma crítica social e política ao seu contexto histórico e possui um caráter épico intrínseco que apresenta a causalidade dos movimentos da ficção em seus conflitos, além de fazer um retrato caótico da vida pública no contexto do capitalismo.
Literatura e política
Authors: Castro Junior César Ferreira de
Published: May 2024

AGUILAR, José Roberto. O salvador do mundo. 1. ed. São Paulo: Iluminuras, 2021.
A essência do avesso
Authors: Pereira Patrícia Resende
Published: May 2024

A presente resenha tem o intuito de apresentar os principais aspectos do romance O avesso da pele, de Jeferson Tenório, publicado em 2020 pela Companhia das Letras e vencedor do Prêmio Jabuti.
Figurações autorais de Machado de Assis nas primeiras recolhas, coletâneas e antologias
Authors: Guimarães Hélio de Seixas
Published: May 2024

Este artigo examina um capítulo do longo e complexo processo de construção e consagração de Machado de Assis como autor literário – seja pelos modos como ele próprio atuou para se constituir e ser reconhecido como tal, seja pelas ações de terceiros – concentrando-se na análise das primeiras recolhas de seus escritos, por ele mesmo e pelos que a ele sobreviveram, e com especial atenção às duas primeiras coletâneas de textos de sua autoria, ambas publicadas em 1921: o volume 2 da Estante clássica da Revista de Língua Portuguesa, dirigida por Laudelino Freire, dedicado a Machado de Assis; e Machado de Assis por Alberto de Oliveira e Jorge Jobim, Coleção “Áurea”. Na atividade editorial do escritor e em torno dele, o que se observa é o movimento dúbio de ampliação do repertório de textos atribuídos a “Machado de Assis” e de restrição desse mesmo repertório com vistas à construção e consagração do escritor como figura exemplar, tanto linguística como moralmente, e ao estabelecimento de um primeiro cânone machadiano.
Emérito
Authors: Melo Alfredo César de
Published: May 2024

Texto lido por Prof. Dr. Roberto Schwarz durante a cerimônia de outorga do título de Professor Emérito da Unicamp, no qual faz o um balanço do método crítico que combinava inovadoramente crítica formalista, pesquisa histórica, análise de classe, comparatismo e interpretação do Brasil, tendo em Antonio Candido seu grande ponto de partida.
Pedido de concessão do título de professor emérito ao Prof. Dr. Roberto Schwarz
Authors: Melo Alfredo César de
Published: May 2024

O documento registra o pedido de concessão de título de professor emérito ao Prof. Dr. Roberto Schwarz, baseando-se nas imensas contribuições que Schwarz deu à Unicamp (por meio do Departamento de Teoria Literária) quanto para o campo de estudos da crítica literária brasileira.
Da autoria literária
Authors: Granja Lúcia
Published: May 2024

O dossiê “Da autoria literária”, que chega agora ao seu segundo volume, é uma ação do grupo de pesquisa CNPq “Da autoria literária:  história atualidade e perspectivas”, o qual tem, desde 2021, o objetivo de aprofundar a reflexão sobre a autoria literária no Brasil, desde o século XIX até a contemporaneidade. Como propusemos na chamada de trabalhos, a noção de “autoria/autoria literária” foi definida por meio de debates acerca de (novos) conceitos estéticos, jurídicos, bem como de novas práticas literárias, editoriais e institucionais ao longo do século XVIII. A “autoria” modificou-se também por meio dos paradigmas da modernidade, do surgimento de novas mídias e suportes, da crise em torno da representação, de novas ideias estéticas. As respostas à proposta de dossiê criada para a revista Remate de Males foram vastas e variadas, de modo que a publicação prevista se multiplicou e deu origem a dois volumes, um no primeiro semestre de 2023 e outro, no segundo.
Criteria for sustainably implementing Project Management Offices (PMOS) in Federal Institutions of Higher Education (FIHES)
Authors: Pereira Larissa de Souza , Fernandes Claudio Roberto , Neves Sandra Miranda , Da Costa Parentoni Marcel Fernando , Da Silva Arantes Isabel Cristina
Published: May 2024

Many areas have emerged that specifically seek to plan and manage projects in educational institutions to create and achieve their established strategic planning objectives. This study sought to identify criteria for sustainably implementing Project Management Offices (PMOs) in Federal Institutions of Higher Education (FIHE). Actions were established related to: (a) identifying Brazilian FIHEs that have implemented PMOs; (b) surveying the macro steps used at these institutions for implementing PMOs, and the software and methodologies they used to do this; c) listing the main PMO attributions implemented at the FIHEs, and finally (d) assessing what these institutions think are the best PMO practices to sustainably replicate and implement PMOs at other institutions. We identified FIHEs that had implemented PMOs, along with the best practices and lessons learned that impacted sustainable growth for future PMOs using a survey. We also presented the main steps used by some institutions to structure the implementation and consolidate PMOs within institutional environments. The results contribute to reducing the knowledge gap on implementing PMOs in FIHEs and can direct further research in this area.
Da satisfação à recompra: análise do e-commerce pós pandemia na perspectiva brasileira
Authors: Santos Helen Caroline Almeida , Mangini Eduardo
Published: May 2024

À medida que a tecnologia avança, o mundo das compras online ganha destaque e se torna cada vez mais presente para os consumidores, especialmente durante a pandemia de COVID-19, influenciando diretamente os padrões de consumo das pessoas. Diante disso, este artigo analisou como a pandemia do coronavírus moldou o comportamento do consumidor brasileiro no cenário do comércio eletrônico. O problema de pesquisa do artigo está relacionado à importância da satisfação com o site e à aceitação da tecnologia na geração da intenção de recompra, com moderação na disposição para confiar. O objetivo geral é analisar a perspectiva do comportamento do consumidor em relação ao comércio eletrônico no cenário pós-pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil. O método utilizado para o estudo é quantitativo e adota uma abordagem descritiva para examinar o tema principal. A pesquisa descritiva teve cento e noventa respondentes e aplicou a modelagem de equações estruturais usando o software SmartPLS 4 para determinar a relevância das relações, seguindo um modelo conceitual anterior. A pesquisa produziu resultados que indicaram correlações mostrando que a experiência do cliente, a satisfação e o sentimento de certeza e segurança fornecidos desempenham papéis interconectados, que se influenciam mutuamente no cenário do comércio eletrônico. Isso também possibilitou analisar influências e impactos mútuos e até mesmo se algum deles pode antecipar a probabilidade de desempenho satisfatório na experiência do consumidor, não limitado a apenas uma compra, considerando a possibilidade de adotar esse comportamento na vida diária do consumidor.
TARQIYYATU KUDRATI FAHMI TARKIB AL-LUGHAH AL-ARABIYAH BI NAMUDZAJ MAKE A MATCH
Authors: Hanun Aisyatul , Mukminin Amirul , Syarifuddin Muhammad , Aisyi Mohammad Atmim
Published: May 2024

The obstacle which has suffered by students when they learn Arabic languange is their lower comprehending about languange structure. This matter can be knowed from KKM Arabic languange lesson in class VII C MTs Negeri 12 Banyuwangi that setted as 75, but only 10 students of 28 students can reach KKM whereas the other 18 students can’t yet reach KKM which setted. Else that, the data of daily test result analysis has indicated that the students ability of comprehending Arabic languange structure is very low. The purpose of this study was to find out whether the Make a Match model can improve the ability to understand the structure of Arabic in class VII C MTs Negeri 12 Banyuwangi at school? In this study using classroom action research (PTK). The plan of actions was held by two cycles. Each cycle consist of 4 phase, viz planning, acting, observation, and reflecting. Data collection has been held by doing individual asessment (test) and fused with triangulation technique viz interview, observation, and documentation. Data analysis that are used is descriptive analysis technique. The result of this research is Make a Match model be able to improve ability of comprehending Arabic languange structure in class VII C MTs Negeri 12 Banyuwangi at school. That case based study completeness of student, percentage at the pre-cycle was 44% then improved at the first cycle 65,38% and at the second cycle become 80%.
TATBIQ TORIQOH AL QAWAID WA TARJAMAH FI TANMIYATI MAHARATUL KITABAH
Authors: Asro Dwi Nuzilatul , Rohman Fathur
Published: May 2024

This research aims to explain Arabic language learning using grammar and translation methods that can train students in writing, measure students' memory, increase Arabic vocabulary, facilitate the translation process, make it easier to determine the position of sentences and compose essays, as well as train other writing skills. This research was conducted at MAN 2 Jombang with the aim of knowing about writing skill learning, applying the grammar and trasnlation method to increase skill, and knowing the supporting and inhibiting factors of applying the method. This study uses a qualitative approach method, namely by using a descriptive qualitative research method. Data was collected using observation, interview, and documentation methods. The collected data in the form of words were analyzed by means of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that (1) the ability to memorize books of class XI students at MAN 2 Jombang is quite good as seen from learning Arabic at each meeting. (2) the application of the grammar and trasnlation method is to make it easier for students to improve writing skill. (3) The advantages of implementing this are that it makes it easier for students to determine the position of sentences by understanding the nahwu shorof rules and also makes it easier for students to translate from Arabic to Indonesian and vice versa. While the drawback of this method is the quick explanation of the material by the teacher in a short time.
TAHLIL AL- AKHTO’ FII KITABATIL LUGGHOTIL AROBIYYAH FII TA’LIMIL IMLA’ BIMADROSATI DARUT TAUHID ZAINUL HASAN GENGGONG
Authors: Hidayati Syamsi , Yunus Moch , Zainullah Zainullah
Published: May 2024

Writing is one of the four skills in Arabic language acquisition. Improving writingproficiency can be achieved through spelling instruction. Dictation, an exercisecommonly used in Arabic instruction, involves the teacher reciting a text or passage,and the student transcribing it. This study aims to delineate the fundamental types ofwriting errors among first-grade students in a religious school. Employing a qualitativedescriptive research approach, the study utilizes error analysis as its methodologicalframework. Multiple data collection methods, including tests, observations, interviews,and documentation, were employed by the researcher. The results of this study showthat the errors identified in this study encompass mistakes in writing hamza, hamzaomission, letter deletion, letter addition, as well as errors in letter substitution and thewriting of taa. The primary factors contributing to these errors include students'unfamiliarity with correct writing forms, inadequate Arabic writing practice, anddeficiencies in grammar and morphology skills.
Development of future elementary school teachers' professional self-education readiness through interactive teaching methods
Authors: Kenesbekova Saltanat , Mukhametzhanova Aigul , Kussainova Marzhangul , Zhanbyrbayeva Sayan , Alipbayeva Laura
Published: May 2024

A modern specialist's ability to self-educate is a valuable professional quality. Education has been given the essential responsibility to develop the learners' readiness for self-education (RSE).    However, university students experience difficulties organizing and implementing self-educational activities. The study's goal is to investigate the development of students' RSE and the impact of interactive training methods (ITMs) on ensuring the development of self-education skills in future elementary school (FES) teachers. The study used a pre- and post-test design for FES teachers' readiness for self-education (RSE). The study involved 240 learners at E. Buketov Karaganda University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan. The study found that university students experienced difficulties in organizing and implementing self-educational activities. The findings revealed that using integrative teaching methods increased students' readiness for self-education   which is a significant improvement over traditional methods. This paper contributes to the methodological potential of university education by providing an innovative approach to improve university students' self-education preparation.
Layer-by-layer assembling redox wood electrodes for efficient energy storage
Authors: Farid Tanveer , Wang Yiyun , Razaq Aamir , Hussain Saghir , Tang Weihua
Published: May 2024

The exploration of redox-active organic materials and low tortuous thick-electrodes is attractive for energy storage. The in-situ valorized lignin on raw wood surface accompanied by layer-by-layer deposition of electro-active materials endow such spatially distributed wood electrodes with high specific capacitance. Here, we report a layer-by-layer assembled ca.1.5 mm-thick redox wood hybrid electrode with 20 mg cm-2 electro-active mass loading for efficient energy storage. The in-situ modified surface lignin in treated wood (TrW) holds promise as redox-active material with enriched nanoporosity, carbonyl functionalities, and multi-phase ionic transport structure. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) networking with in-situ polymerized polypyrrole (PPy) nanorods three-dimensionally in the lumen of TrW afford a wool-like, highly porous nanostructure. Such a hierarchical structured PPy@CNTs@TrW electrode offers a high areal capacitance of 1.46 F cm-2 with an extraordinary energy density of 0.983 mWh cm-3 (3.68 Wh kg-1) and power density of 5.4 mW cm-3 (20.25 W kg-1). Here, the valorized surface lignin contributes contributes to electrochemical energy storage accompanied by spatially distributed PPy@CNTs in low tortuous electrodes. The electrode offers extremely low electrochemical impedance of 0.61 Ω electrode resistance and 1.57 Ω electrolyte resistance. The hybrid wood electrode showcases even higher conductivity and energy/power density than thin carbonized wood and other state-of-the-art thin electrodes made of highly conductive three-dimensional networks. This work highlights the potential of in-situ valorized lignin in developing high-performance eco-friendly thick-electrodes for electrochemical energy storage applications.
Room Temperature Superconductivity in Thorium Salts Reveals a Novel Superconducting Mechanism
Authors: Zhao George
Published: May 2024

An innovative superconducting mechanism was developed based on a patented discovery of room temperature superconductivity in several thorium (Th) salts or compounds. The rationale behind this discovery is through the experimental results about the unique electrical and magnetic properties of these Th salts. Accordingly, this new superconducting mechanism for these Th salts was obtained through the analyses of the compounds’ molecular configurations and the packings of their relevant crystal structures. Owing to the distinctive properties of the Th compounds in this discovery, we further established a different electron pairing scheme as opposed to the pairing of the Cooper pairs. Compared to the long distance electron pairing of the Cooper pairs, the new electron pairing in our mechanism is constructed by two closely correlated electrons that reside on the same atomic orbital of the Th cation as an electron lone pair. In this new superconducting mechanism, the Th cation is sitting on a relevant crystallographic lattice arrangement or a network of the relevant Th compounds. This network is constructed by many Th cations along certain crystallographic lattice arrangement where each Th cation contains one electron lone pair. This network allows the electron lone pairs on the Th cations to be delocalized over the network, “in pair”, and thus, reveals the electron lone pair in presence in a long distance fashion. The closely correlated electron lone pairs hop on this network and thus, construct the supercurrent over the network. This explanation about the superconductivity laid the basis for our superconducting mechanism. All these conclusions came from the previous studies about these compounds that illustrated their unusual features of a coexistence of high electrical conductivity and diamagnetism. These electrical and magnetic properties fall in line with that of superconductors but, surprisingly, these Th compounds have such properties at the ambient condition, meaning under room temperature and atmosphere pressure. We expect that this mechanism may be appropriate to be utilized to other superconducting cases and therefore, can be adapted to describe the superconducting phenomenon for other superconductors.
Electronic Aid for Unfamiliar Environments
Authors: Ali Akbar , Qian Rongyi , Akbar Haroon , Sartaj Zeeshan
Published: May 2024

In everyday life, the birth of a number of blind people takes place and millions of people are already available. Visually impaired people struggle to walk safely and in- dependently because they have trouble detecting obstacles. In this work, we suggest a novel approach to detecting obstacles utilizing an Arduino UNO board and an ul- trasonic sensor (HC-SR04). The main goal of this research is to increase the mobility and security of blind people in a variety of settings. The suggested system makes use of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor’s capability to precisely measure distance and identify nearby obstructions. As the main processor component, the Arduino UNO board processes algorithms for real-time obstacle detection while also collecting data from the sensor. The device is intended to give the visually impaired user immedi- ate aural input while informing them of the location and proximity of obstacles. To Extensive testing is done in controlled and real-world settings to assess the system’s performance and dependability. In the studies, the effectiveness of obstacle detec- tion, the system’s response time, and its practicality and usefulness for blind people are all measured. The findings show that the suggested obstacle detection method provides very accurate obstacle identification at a safe distance. Users who are blind or visually handicapped may successfully understand their surroundings thanks to the aural feedback system, which helps them to navigate by making judgments that are well-informed. Additionally, the system responds quickly, guaranteeing that the user receives real-time obstacle updates to increase safety and confidence while mov- ing. The study’s conclusions demonstrate the possibility of using the Arduino UNO board with the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor as a practical and affordable approach for detecting obstacles.
Better Outcome of Females, Compared to Males with HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Bezalel-Rosenberg Shira , Mahlab-Guri Keren , Itai Nadav , Kadar Laliv , Nemet Shay , Asher Ilan , Cohen Ramon , Sthoager Zev Moshe , Elinav Hila , Elbirt Daniel
Published: May 2024

Introduction – Gender influences the presentation and progression of various diseases. Studies regarding the impact of gender on the course and outcome of HIV demonstrate conflicting data. Studies may be biased due to socioeconomic status differences between females and males and uneven gender representation, among other factors. In order to minimize the effect of non-biological elements this study cohort compares HIV males and females with similar ethnicity and social class in 2 Israeli AIDS centers.
Methods –the study is a retrospective study. The cohort consists 334 females and 223 males diagnosed with HIV during the years 2000-2015. All patients were immigrants from Ethiopia who acquired HIV heterosexually and had a similar socioeconomic status. Data regarding demographics, clinical status, virological (viral load; VL), immunological (CD4) and treatment modalities were collected for each patient.
Results - At the time of HIV diagnosis, males were older (43.2 ±13.2 vs. 35.4±11.95 years; p
Raw Material Purchasing Optimization Using Column Generation
Authors: Gao Zhen , Li Danning , Wang Danni , Yu Zengcai
Published: May 2024

The raw material purchasing (RMP) problem is to determine the purchasing quantities of raw materials in given periods or cycles. Raw material purchasing optimization is crucial for large-scale steel plants because it is closely related to the supply of raw materials and cost savings. The raw material purchasing of large-scale steel enterprises is characterized by many varieties, large quantities, and high costs. The RMP objective is to minimize the total purchasing cost consisting of the price of raw materials, purchasing set-up costs, and inventory costs and meet product demand. We present a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model and a column generation (CG) solution for the resulting optimization problem. The column generation algorithm is the generalization of the branch & bound algorithm with solving the linear programming (LP) relaxation of MILP using column generation (CG), and its advantage is to handle large-sized MILPs. Experimental results show the effectiveness and efficiency of the solution.
Exploring the Use of Natural Ingredients for Textured Hair UV Protection
Authors: Markiewicz Ewa , Idowu Olusola C.
Published: May 2024

Human hair is characterized by significant diversity, which is dictated by the individual genetic makeup. It is estimated that up to 70% of the world’s population has textured hair, with a signif-icant proportion also living in areas with high exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). This highlights the unique requirements for textured hair care products that can protect hair shafts from the harmful effects of the environment whilst enhancing the natural features of the fibre. In this study, we investigated the UV-protective effects of hair conditioner formulated from active ingredients, mangiferin, ferulic acid and naringin. The analysis of UV-irradiated straight and textured hair was performed by measurements of hair thickness and darkness, the uptake of the fluorescent dye, spectral absorbance of keratin extracts, ATR-FTIR and SEM. We found that tex-tured hair was more sensitive to UVR-induced changes than straight hair, with the primary mo-lecular targets represented by chemical groups in keratins. Pre-treatment of the hair with condi-tioner had protective effects against structural damage and oxidative stress caused by UVR. These data indicate the importance of the personalized approach to hair research and the formu-lation of hair care products tailored to the individual demands of textured hair types.