bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical study on the Minimally Invasive Treatment of Early Necrosis of the Femoral Head with Hydroxyapatite Coated Hollow Titanium Rod Supporting the Femoral Head to Prevent Collapse
Authors: Yang Xinmin , Tian Ye , Yao Yao
Published: February 2021

Background: To investigate the treatment effect of minimally invasive treatment of early osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) with hydroxyapatite coated hollow titanium rod. Methods: From 1, January 2003 to 1, January 2019, 72 patients with ONFHⅡ Stage were selected. There were 50 males and 20 females, aged from 28 to 56. Onset time was 8~28 months. Lesion site: 18 left, 38 right, 16 bilateral. Causes of ONFH: 30 alcohol, 28 hormone, 9 trauma and 5 idiopathic patients. ARCO stage: 14 IIA, 33 IIB, 25 IIC. All patients underwent arthroscopic assisted minimally invasive percutaneous core decompression and bone grafting with hydroxyapatite coated titanium rod surgery. Visua Analogue Scales (VAS), Harris score and Images were used for assessing pain, hip joint function and the stability, respectively. Hip replacement was performed finally. Results: 16 patients with heavy hormone use history and femoral head collapse underwent Total Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty (THRA) at the last follow-up. 24 months later, 8 ⅡB cases progressed to ⅡC, 2 cases were stable at ⅡC, 6 cases increased to Ⅲ, and underwent THRA. 12ⅡC cases progressed to Ⅲ, 2 cases were stable at Ⅲ, and 10 cases had articular cartilage surface collapse. THRA was administered 30 months after surgery. VAS score of individual patients increased and Harris score decreased 24 months after surgery, but there was no significant difference between the scores of 12 months and 24 months. The clinical effect of the last follow-up showed that the postoperative improvement rate of this group was 76.13%, among which the best was 100% in IIA, 79.48% in IIB, and the lowest was 58.06 in IIC. Both the patients with IIB or IIC, cases with aggravation and without change were hormonal ONFH. Conclusion: The treatment of ONFH with hydroxyapatite coated hollow titanium rod supporting the femoral head to prevent collapse is feasible. In addition to the Glucocorticoid-induced ONFH stage ⅡC outside, this method to other Ⅱ period lesions in improving the curative effect and preventing the collapse of femoral head articular surface is good and safe.
Correlation Among Residual Pain, Spinopelvic Parameters and Area of Fat Infiltration in Lumbar Multifidus Muscles in Patients after Lumbar Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Zhong Yuxian , Ding Yu , Fu Bensheng , Ma Guanghao , Guan Ling
Published: February 2021

Background: Numerous studies have reported that pelvic functional training is beneficial for improving low back pain (LBP) in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) after lumbar surgery and that fat infiltration of the lumbar multifidus muscles (LMMs) is one of the most important reasons for residual LBP after surgery. However, little is known about the exact relationship among residual LBP, spinopelvic parameters and the area of fat infiltration in LMM after lumbar surgery. This study aimed to confirm the relationship among residual LBP, spinopelvic parameters and the area of fat infiltration in LMM and to investigate why pelvic functional training can relieve pain symptoms in patients with LDH after lumbar surgery.Methods: One hundred forty-three patients with LDH were involved in this study. Clinical data were collected from a system of digital medical records, including age, gender, course, and weight. On the MRI images, the cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of bilateral fat infiltration in the LMM were measured using a picture archiving and communication system (PACS). On the X-ray, sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT) and pelvic incidence (PI) were also measured by PACS. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to analyse the differences between CSA of fat infiltration in LMM and spinopelvic parameters, and ROC curves were used to reflect the degree of fat infiltration in LMM with spinopelvic parameters.Results: One hundred and twenty-five patients met the inclusion criteria. SS and PI were positively correlated with CSA of fat infiltration in LMM at L3-4 and L4-5 (p < 0.01). At L4-5, SS and PI demonstrated significant positive correlation with the CSA of fat infiltration in the LMM (0.5 < | r | < 0.8). PI also exhibited a significant positive correlation with VAS (0.5 < | r | < 0.8), but SS had a low correlation with VAS (0.3 < | r | < 0.5). At L4-5, only the PI had a significant ROC curve (AUC = 0.836) with a cut-off point score of 0.556 and sensitivity and specificity values of 62.8% and 87.4%, respectively. However, at L3-4 and L5-S1, the AUCs of the ROC curves were all < 0.7 for SS, PT and PI. Conclusions: The wider pelvic anterior tilt, the more severe fat the infiltration in LMM. Residual LBP can be relieved by spinopelvic correction training potentially due to the improvement of fat infiltration in LMM.
Refracture of the Cemented Vertebrae after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: Risk Factors and Imaging Findings
Authors: Xiong Yu-chao , Guo Wei , Xu Fan , Zhang Ci-ci , Liang Zhi-ping , Wu Li , Chen Song , Zeng Xu-wen
Published: February 2021

Background: To determine the related imaging findings and risk factors to refracture of the cemented vertebrae after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) treatment. Methods: Patients who were treated with PVP for single vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) and met this study’s inclusion criteria were retrospectively reviewed from January 2012 to January 2019. The follow-up period was at least 2 years. Forty-eight patients with refracture of the cemented vertebrae and 45 non-refractured patients were included. The following variates were reviewed: age, sex, fracture location, bone mineral density (BMD), intravertebral cleft (IVC), kyphotic angle (KA), wedge angle, endplate cortical disruption, cement volume, surgical approach, non-PMMA-endplate-contact (NPEC), cement leakage, other vertebral fractures, reduction rate (RR), and reduction angle (RA). Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to identify the independent risk factors of refracture. Results: Refracture was found in 48 (51.6%) patients. Four risk factors, including IVC (P=0.005), endplate cortical disruption (P=0.037), larger RR (P=0.007), and NPEC (P=0.006) were found to be significant independent risk factors for refracture. Conclusions: Patients with IVC or larger RR, NPEC, or endplate cortical disruption have a high risk of refracture in the cemented vertebrae after PVP.
Estimation of Trends of Ageing Index of Iran from 1966 to 2016 and Prediction of these indices in 2026
Authors: Shahriyari Habib Allah , Sedehi Morteza , Kheiri Soleiman , Mohammadi Mohammad Javad , Amiri Masoud
Published: February 2021

Background: In the recent years, one of the most important issues of the demographic day that has attracted a lot of attention and will intensify is the aging population and the consequences of trend population growth. This study was aimed to estimate the Ageing Index (AI) of Iran from 1966 to 2016 and prediction of these indices in 2026. Methods: This quantitative cross-sectional study included Ageing Index of Iran from 1966 to 2016 was investigated and then, using Minitab16 software and time series models, the prediction of these indicators for the next 10 years (2026) was studied. The library and documentary methods have been used to collect information and raw data from the General Population and Housing Census in 2016. The statistical population includes the total population of the elderly (65 years and above) of urban and rural areas of Iran.Results: According to our findings, the index of aging will reach 6.36% in 1966 to 37.36% in 2016, and is expected to increase to 10.2% in 2026. The life expectancy of women and men in 2016 was 76.7 and 74.5, respectively, and expected to reach 78.3 and 76 years in 2026, respectively. The Human Development Index has risen from 52.0% in 1355 to 0.77% in 2016 and is expected to reach 80.8% by 2026. Based on result this study the evaluation of demographic indices such as sex ratio, the proportion, average annual growth rate, dependency ratio and ageing index for the Iranian elderly population at 2006 were 108,7.3%, 2.5%, 43.4% and 29, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, the aging indicator has a rising trend that requires proper planning for proper welfare. Based on trend population growth in the next decades Iran will going to experience an increasing proportion of elder population. Attention to needs and quality of life in elderly is very important because of improving living condition in this population could lead to improved quality of life. Also, policy makers should pay more attention to the health demands of the elderly.
Hepatitis E Prevalence, Knowledge, and Practice of Preventive Measures Among Adolescents In Rural Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mbachu Chioma Ngozichukwu Pauline , Ebenebe Joy Chinelo , Okpara Henry Chima , Chukwuka John Onuora , Mbachu Ikechukwu Innocent , Elo-Ilo Jacinta Chinyere , Ndukwu Chizalu Ifeyinwa , Egbuonu Ifeoma
Published: February 2021

Background: There is a paucity of data on the knowledge and practice of preventive measures for Hepatitis E infection. Determination of knowledge and practice of preventive measures are necessary for informed health education for the prevention of Hepatitis E infection and other communicable diseases. The study evaluated the prevalence of Hepatitis E, knowledge, and practice of preventive measures for Hepatitis E virus infection among adolescents in rural Nigeria.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over 3 months among rural Nigerian secondary school adolescents. An interviewer-based questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic profile, knowledge, and practice of preventive measures for Hepatitis E infection. Blood samples collected from participants were analysed for Hepatitis E IgG using Elisa Kits (Sigma Diagnostics, USA). Data were analysed using SPSS software version 20.0. Tests of association were done with a level of significance set at 5%. Results: A total of 9 out of the 414 participants tested positive for Hepatitis E IgG antibodies giving a prevalence of 2.2%. Significant factors for Hepatitis E infection were male gender {P =0.004} and school {P < 0.001}. Most participants (98.6%) had poor knowledge of Hepatitis E infection, 239(57.7%) had good preventive practices, while 175(42.3%) had average preventive practices. Conclusion: Male gender, school, and practice of preventive measures had a significant association with Hepatitis E infection.
Impact of the temperature of stars on their Redshift
Authors: Kalhor Bahram , Mehrparvar Farzaneh , Kalhor Behnam
Published: February 2021

We report a positive correlation (0.914384) between the possibility of finding unexpected high Redshift (Z > 0.001) and the average temperature of nearby stars in different categories. The paper uses SIMBAD Astronomical Database for analyzing information of 58,916 nearby stars. The study shows that as the temperature of stars rises, the chance of finding stars with the unexpected high Redshift will be increased more than 43 times, especially around 10,000 K. The average temperature and average Redshift of 58,717 stars are equal to the 6,346 K and 9.73353E-05. On the other hand, the average temperature and average Redshift of 199 stars with high Redshift are equal to the 9,771 K and 0.453568. We cannot describe the high Redshift of all massive stars by gravitational Redshift because there are many supermassive objects with low Redshift. Hence, the relationship between the temperature and the unexpected high Redshift of stars questions expansion of space theory, gravitational Redshift, and the Hubble constant.
Inadvertent Human Mucosal Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant S1 Protein Elicits Immunity
Authors: Carbonell
Published: February 2021

Native immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 proteins may be sufficient to elicit protective immunity in humans. Accidental mucosal exposure in a laboratory scientist (P001) to a commercially-obtained, purified SARS-CoV-2 recombinant S1 subunit (S1) protein resulted in S1-reactive antibodies with serum titers up to 1:12,800. A surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) demonstrated enduring neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). P001 PBMCs and whole blood exposed to S1 protein resulted in interferon-γ (IFN-γ) release ex vivo. Importantly, no systemic adverse events were observed. Potent immunogenicity of full-length S1 protein in a water-in-oil emulsion provides important clues for COVID-19 vaccine development and may serve as the basis of a low-cost, stable, and highly scalable intranasal vaccine candidate to address COVID-19 globally.
In vitro Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, and Antioxidant Properties of Platinum(IV)-hydrazide Complexes: Molecular Modeling of Free- Hydrazides Suggested as Potent Lipoxygenase Inhibitor
Authors: Badar Rooma , Ashiq Uzma , Jamal Rifat Ara , Akhter Parveen , Mahroof-Tahir Mohammad , Gul Sana , Ali Syed Tahir
Published: February 2021

Background:

A combination of biologically active ligand and metal in one molecule may
increase the activity and reduce the toxicity.

Objectives:

In this study, the synthesis and characterization of platinum(IV) complexes with bioactive
hydrazide ligands are discussed.

Method:

Elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, and spectroscopic studies were used to
elucidate the structure of complexes.

Results:

Our study suggests that hydrazide ligands coordinate with Pt(IV) in a bidentate fashion. The
platinum(IV) complexes have octahedral geometry with a metal to ligand ratio of 1:2. Hydrazide
ligands were coordinated with central metal platinum(IV) by oxygen of carbonyl group and nitrogen
of primary amine. Synthesized complexes exhibited variable DPPH radical scavenging and lipoxygenase
inhibition activity. Furthermore, it is also found that Pt(IV)-hydrazide complexes are more
potent superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavengers than their uncoordinated hydrazide ligands,
while in the case of lipoxygenase enzyme inhibition, some of the free hydrazide ligands are more
active than their respective Pt(IV) complexes. In silico docking technique explores molecular interactions
of synthesized ligands in the active site of the lipoxygenase enzyme. Predicted docking energies
are in good agreement with experimental data suggesting that in silico studies might be useful for the
discovery of therapeutic candidates.

Conclusion:

Structure-function relationship demonstrates that the radical scavenging and enzyme
inhibition activities of the Pt(IV) compounds are affected by the nature of the ligand, position of
substituent, electronic and steric effects. However, electronic factors seem to play a more important
role than other factors.
Neurological Associations of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review
Authors: Javed Amaan
Published: February 2021

Background:

The current ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has compelled us to scrutinize
major outbreaks in the past two decades, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), in 2002,
and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), in 2012. We aimed to assess the associated neurological
manifestations with SARS CoV-2 infection.

Methods:

In this systematic review, a search was carried out by key-electronic databases, controlled
vocabulary, and indexing of trials to evaluate the available pertinent studies which included
both medical subject headings (MeSH) and advanced electronic databases comprising PubMed,
Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Peer-reviewed
studies published in English and Spanish were considered, which reported data on the neurological
associations of individuals with suspected or laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Outcomes
were nervous signs or symptoms, symptom severity, and diagnoses.

Findings:

Our search identified 45 relevant studies, with 21 case reports, 3 case series, 9 observational
studies, 1 retrospective study, 9 retrospective reviews, and 2 prospective reviews. This systematic
review revealed that most commonly reported neuronal presentations involved headache, nausea,
vomiting and muscular symptoms like fibromyalgia. Anosmia and ageusia, defects in clarity
or sharpness of vision (error in visual acuity), and pain may occur in parallel. Notable afflictions in
the form of anxiety, anger, confusion, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and post-intensive care syndrome
were observed in individuals who were kept in quarantine and those with long-stay admissions
in healthcare settings. SARS CoV-2 infection may result in cognitive impairment. Patients
with more severe infection exhibited uncommon manifestations, such as acute cerebrovascular diseases
(intracerebral haemorrhage, stroke), rhabdomyolysis, encephalopathy, and Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Interpretation:

SARS-CoV-2 patients experience neuronal presentations varying with the progression
of the infection. Healthcare professionals should be acquainted with the divergent neurological
symptoms to curb misdiagnosis and limit long-term sequelae. Health-care planners and policymakers
must prepare for this eventuality, while the ongoing studies increase our knowledge base
on acute and chronic neurological associations of this pathogen.
Application of Sit-To-Stand Assistive Device Based on Hip Support
Authors: Zhang Huaiqiang , Xue Qiang , Yang Shuo , Wang Tongtong , Zhou Binwei
Published: February 2021

Background:

Completing the transition from a sitting position to a standing position is a basic skill in people’s daily lives and is crucial for independent living. Lower limb dysfunction will bring many inconveniences into a person’s life and greatly affect their quality of life. Patients with lower limb dysfunction are a specialized group, and nursing problems for this group are becoming increasingly serious. Helping patients with lower limb dysfunction restore their lower limb mobility or assisting them to walk is a social problem necessary to be solved.

Objective:

: To review the recent sit-to-stand assistive devices based on hip support, classify them systematically and introduce their characteristics, including the mechanisms and the types of patients for which such mechanisms are applicable; to help patients with lower limb dysfunction or doctors (therapists) understand and choose a reasonable sit-to-stand assist device based on hip support.

Methods:

This paper summarizes literatures and patents about sit-to-stand assistive devices. From the aspects of structural characteristics, drive type and support modes based on the hip and applications situation, the advantages and disadvantages of the typical sit-to-stand assist devices are represented.

Results:

Current and future development trends on the structural characteristics, drive type and support modes based on the hip and applications situation of sit-to-stand assist devices are discussed to improve the humanization, modularization and applicability of sit-to-stand assist devices.

Conclusion:

Sit-to-stand assistive devices based on hip support can help patients improve the quality of their life, assist patients carrying out rehabilitation training, and delay the decline of lower limb function. However, the existing sit-to-stand assistive devices based on hip support need further improvement in the aspects of motion mechanism, new technology application and ergonomics design.
Prevention and Management of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among the Health Care Workers
Authors: Sharma Juhi , Sharma Divakar
Published: February 2021

:

COVID-19 is currently threatening the globe. SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of COVID-19,
which spreads via droplets/airborne and direct contact. Health care workers (HCWs) are the frontline
workers, which are directly involved in taking care of patients affected by COVID-19. HCWs
are at a higher risk of infection during the caring of COVID-19 patients. This focused review highlighted
the higher risk for COVID-19 infection among health care professionals during close contact
with patients and their preventive management in COVID-19 pandemic.
Abejas silvestres visitantes florales de Salvia assurgens (Lamiaceae): aportes a la ecología de la polinización de una salvia mexicana endémica de flores blancas
Authors: Cultid-Medina Carlos Andres , González-Vanegas Paola Andrea , Bedolla García Brenda
Published: February 2021

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Según su arquitectura floral, Salvia assurgens (salvia con flores blancas) ha sido considerada como especie melitófila. Sin embargo, no existen datos empíricos que apoyen la asignación a dicho síndrome de polinización. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo registrar los visitantes florales diurnos de S. assurgens para confirmar su condición melitófila y evaluar qué especies de abejas podrían ser potenciales polinizadores. Métodos: Durante el verano de 2018 y 2019 se colectaron los visitantes florales diurnos en una población de S. assurgens ubicada al noreste de Michoacán, México. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las cargas polínicas por especie y áreas corporales de cada visitante floral. Además, se registró el comportamiento de algunos de los visitantes florales sobre las flores. Resultados clave: Se registraron 17 especies de abejas de tres familias (Apidae, Halictidae y Megachilidae) como visitantes florales de S. assurgens. Noventa por ciento de los granos de polen en las cargas polínicas pertenecieron a S. assurgens. Cuatro especies de abejas nativas fueron los visitantes más frecuentes; estas concentraron 94.2% del polen de S. assurgens y presentaron diferencias en la distribución del polen según el área corporal. Dos de estas especies, Bombus pennsylvanicus sonorus y Megachile sp. 1, concentraron hasta 90% del polen de S. assurgens en su frente y dorso, lugares que hacen más probable la transferencia de polen al estigma de S. assurgens. Conclusiones: Este estudio proporciona una evidencia de la condición melitófila de S. assurgens. De hecho, la riqueza de abejas silvestres registrada en este trabajo fue similar o mayor a la reportada en estudios anteriores sobre visitantes florales de salvias neotropicales. Además, nuestros resultados destacan la utilidad de las cargas de polen para aumentar nuestro conocimiento sobre la ecología de la polinización en Salvia.
The Performance of Multilingual and ‘Ultralingual’ Devotional Practices by Young British Muslims
Authors: Rosowsky Andrey
Published: February 2021

This book examines the wide range of multilingual devotional performances engaged in by young Muslims in the UK today. It evaluates the contemporary mosque school in the UK and contrasts this with practices from the past and with prevailing discourses (both political and other) which suggest that such institutions are problematic.
The Role of Online Arts and Humanities in Medical Student Education: Mixed Methods Study of Feasibility and Perceived Impact of a 1-Week Online Course (Preprint)
Authors: Stouffer Kaitlin , Kagan Heather J , Kelly-Hedrick Margot , See Julia , Benskin Elizabeth , Wolffe Suzy , Yenawine Philip , Chisolm Margaret S
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

The arts and humanities have been integrated into medical student education worldwide. Integrated arts and humanities courses have been found to serve four primary functions: mastering skills, perspective taking, personal insight, and social advocacy. To what extent and how arts and humanities programs achieve these educational outcomes remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to explore how the arts and humanities may lead to perceived benefits in clinical skills development, professional identity formation, and self-care, and to evaluate the feasibility of delivering an arts and humanities–based course online.

METHODS

We developed and delivered a 1-week online arts and humanities course to second- through fourth-year medical students. A total of 18 students enrolled in the course across its 2 offerings in Spring 2020. The course was primarily visual arts based but also included activities based in other arts and humanities, such as literature, reflective writing, dance, film, music, philosophy, and religion. Using a mixed methods approach, daily polls assessed student engagement in and perceptions of the various activities, and a postcourse survey assessed student perceptions of the course as a whole.

RESULTS

At least 93% of poll respondents (14/15 to 17/18) across the 2 cohorts rated each type of activity as good or excellent. Qualitative analysis of student responses to the postcourse survey revealed themes concerning both the form (overall course design and online format) and the function of the course (skills development, appreciation of new perspectives, and personal inquiry).

CONCLUSIONS

Results suggested that the arts and humanities may support the development of clinically relevant skills and attitudes. A more unique finding was that integrative arts and humanities courses delivered online—including those that are primarily visual arts based—engage students and may yield personal and professional benefits.
The Extent of User Involvement in the Design of Self-tracking Technology for Bipolar Disorder: Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Majid Shazmin , Reeves Stuart , Figueredo Grazziela , Brown Susan , Lang Alexandra , Moore Matthew , Morriss Richard
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

The number of self-monitoring apps for bipolar disorder (BD) is increasing. The involvement of users in human-computer interaction (HCI) research has a long history and is becoming a core concern for designers working in this space. The application of models of involvement, such as user-centered design, is becoming standardized to optimize the reach, adoption, and sustained use of this type of technology.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to examine the current ways in which users are involved in the design and evaluation of self-monitoring apps for BD by investigating 3 specific questions: are users involved in the design and evaluation of technology? If so, how does this happen? And what are the best practice ingredients regarding the design of mental health technology?

METHODS

We reviewed the available literature on self-tracking technology for BD and make an overall assessment of the level of user involvement in design. The findings were reviewed by an expert panel, including an individual with lived experience of BD, to form best practice ingredients for the design of mental health technology. This combines the existing practices of patient and public involvement and HCI to evolve from the generic guidelines of user-centered design and to those that are tailored toward mental health technology.

RESULTS

For the first question, it was found that out of the 11 novel smartphone apps included in this review, 4 (36%) self-monitoring apps were classified as having no mention of user involvement in design, 1 (9%) self-monitoring app was classified as having low user involvement, 4 (36%) self-monitoring apps were classified as having medium user involvement, and 2 (18%) self-monitoring apps were classified as having high user involvement. For the second question, it was found that despite the presence of extant approaches for the involvement of the user in the process of design and evaluation, there is large variability in whether the user is involved, how they are involved, and to what extent there is a reported emphasis on the voice of the user, which is the ultimate aim of such design approaches. For the third question, it is recommended that users are involved in all stages of design with the ultimate goal of empowering and creating empathy for the user.

CONCLUSIONS

Users should be involved early in the design process, and this should not just be limited to the design itself, but also to associated research ensuring end-to-end involvement. Communities in health care–based design and HCI design need to work together to increase awareness of the different methods available and to encourage the use and mixing of the methods as well as establish better mechanisms to reach the target user group. Future research using systematic literature search methods should explore this further.

CLINICALTRIAL
Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Features of COVID-19 in a Cohort of Patients: Cross-Sectional Comparative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Qaisieh Rami , Al-Tamimi Mohammad , El-Hammuri Naser , Shalabi Marwan , Kilani Muna M , Taha Hana , Al-Muhtaseb Abdallah , Alfarrajin Ibrahim , Abu Shaqra Marwan , Hamdan Almothana
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

The clinical, laboratory, and imaging features of COVID-19 disease are variable. Multiple factors can affect the disease progression and outcome.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to analyze the clinical, laboratory, and imaging features of COVID-19 in Jordan.

METHODS

Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were collected for 557 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to Prince Hamzah Hospital (PHH), Jordan. Analysis was performed using appropriate statistical tests with SPSS version 24.

RESULTS

Of the 557 COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive cases admitted to PHH, the mean age was 34.4 years (SD 18.95 years; range 5 weeks to 87 years), 86.0% (479/557) were male, 41% (29/70) were blood group A+, and 57.1% (93/163) were overweight or obese. Significant past medical history was documented in 25.9% (144/557), significant surgical history in 12.6% (70/557), current smoking in 14.9% (83/557), and pregnancy in 0.5% (3/557). The mean duration of hospitalization was 16.4 (SD 9.3; range 5 to 70) days; 52.6% (293/557) were asymptomatic, and 12.9% (72/557) had more than 5 symptoms, with generalized malaise and dry cough the most common symptoms. Only 2.5% (14/557) had a respiratory rate over 25 breaths/minute, and 1.8% (10/557) had an oxygen saturation below 85%. Laboratory investigations showed a wide range of abnormalities, with lymphocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and D-dimer the most common abnormalities. Ground glass opacity was the most common imaging finding. Men had a significantly higher frequency of symptoms, incidence of smoking, reduced hemoglobin, increased monocyte %, elevated creatinine levels, and intensive care unit admissions compared with women (P<.05). Hospitalization duration was associated with increased age, male gender, symptom score, history of smoking, elevated systolic blood pressure, elevated respiratory rate, and elevated monocyte %, CRP, ESR, creatinine, and D-dimer (P<.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Most COVID-19 cases admitted to PHH were asymptomatic. Variabilities in symptoms, signs, laboratory results, and imaging findings should be noted. Increased age, male gender, smoking history, and elevated inflammatory markers were significantly associated with longer duration of hospitalization.
Analisis Keruangan Kejadian Darurat Dan Pemanfaatan Layanan Aduan Darurat Command Center 112 Kota Surabaya Tahun 2019
Authors: Ayu Kartika Sari Veni
Published: February 2021

Command Center 112 adalah perwujudan dari inovasi layanan publik Pemerintah Kota Surabaya. Namun, tidak sedikit warga yang masih belum mengetahui tentang keberadaan layanan pengaduan 112 Command Center di Surabaya yang kini telah menjadi andalan bagi Kota Surabaya sebagai wadah pengaduan dan panggilan darurat masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi keruangan sebaran kejadian darurat di Kota Surabaya dan untuk mengetahui sebaran spasial pemanfaatan layanan. Oleh sebab itu, dilakukan Analisis Keruangan Kejadian Darurat dan Pemanfaatan Layanan Aduan Darurat Command Center 112 Tahun 2019 Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data riwayat aduan masuk ke Command Center 112 dan wawancara mendalam bersama dengan beberapa SKPD terlibat dalam Command Center 112. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi data dan teknik statistik deskriptif, yaitu dengan menganalisis hasil pengolahan data sekunder. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa layanan Command Center 112 merupakan layanan berbasis TIK dari Pemerintah Kota Surabaya yang digunakan untuk menerima aduan darurat dari masyarakat melalui nomor panggilan 112. Aduan darurat tersebut terdiri dari lima kelompok kejadian, yaitu masalah keamanan, kesehatan, kriminalitas, kebencanaan, dan aduan darurat lainnya. Selain itu, layanan Command Center 112 juga menunjang terwujudnya Surabaya Smart City dengan memanfaatkan perkembangan TIK di Kota Surabaya yang melibatkan peran berbagai SKPD.
Impact of an oral anticoagulation self-monitoring and self-management program in patients with mechanical heart valve prosthesis
Authors: Blanch Pedro , Freixa-Pamias Román , Gambau Marta , Lafuente Raul , Basile Luca
Published: February 2021

Objective:
To analyze impact of implementation of an oral anticoagulation self-monitoring and self-management program among patients with mechanical valve prosthesis.
Materials & methods:
Observational and retrospective study performed in Hospital Moises Broggi, Barcelona, Spain. The program started on June 2019. The study compared 6-month period before and after the implementation of the program.
Results:
The study included 44 patients. There was a numerical increase of time in therapeutic range from 53.6 ± 21.3% to 57.1 ± 15.7% (p = 0.30). Proportion of patients with international normalized ratio (INR) >5 significantly decreased from 3.9 to 2.0% (p = 0.04). No significant differences were observed in thromboembolic or bleeding complications. Visits to emergency department decreased from (29.5 to 22.7%; p = 0.41).
Conclusion:
Oral anticoagulation self-monitoring and self-management program seems an appropriate approach that could provide additional benefits in selected patients with mechanical valve prosthesis.
ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ УСИЛИТЕЛЯ МОЩНОСТИ КЛАССА Е ДЛЯ СИСТЕМ СИЛОВОЙ ЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ
Authors: Гуров К.О. , Миндубаев Э.А.
Published: February 2021

Рассмотрены особенности проектирования усилителя мощности класса Е в субноминальном и номинальном режимах работы. Исследовано влияние режимов работы усилителя мощности на выходные характеристики схемы для различного сдвига фаз между входным и выходным сигналами.
Adolescentes mixtecos y zapotecos en Santa María, California, Estados Unidos
Authors: Barros Nock Magdalena
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar algunas de las formas en que adolescentes, entre 13 y 18 años de edad, de origen mixteco y zapoteco, perciben y viven la discriminación en sus escuelas. Se discute la discriminación institucional, así como las micro agresiones que perciben y experimentan día a día. La información vertida es cualitativa y surgió de pláticas informales con chicos y chicas, maes-tras y maestros, y madres y padres de familia. Los jóvenes entre-
 vistados en este artículo dan a conocer sus opiniones sobre los
 cambios que podrían ayudar a mejorar las vidas de los adolecentes indígenas en su paso por las escuelas. 
Actividades que dejan huella. Un estudio arqueológico de suelos de ocupación en Sihó, Yucatán
Authors: Herrera-Parra Esteban Moisés
Published: February 2021

La arqueología doméstica en el área maya ha desarrollado e incorporado diversas líneas de investigación con el propósito de conocer de manera más amplia la sociedad del Clásico. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar dos contextos que no pertenecen a la elite, ubicados en el sitio de Sihó, Yucatán, con el fin de identificar áreas de actividad y conocer las tareas cotidianas de los antiguos moradores. A través de una aproximación multivariable que incluyó la identificación de rasgos arquitectónicos, la distribución artefactual, así como los resultados de la implementación del análisis químico de suelos (spot test), se identificaron áreas de actividad en ambas estructuras. Los resultados en conjunto muestran áreas y estructuras específicas relacionadas con distintas etapas de la alimentación como el procesamiento, consumo y desecho, actividades principales relacionadas con la subsistencia de cualquier grupo doméstico. Este trabajo pretende contribuir al conocimiento y discusión de las relaciones sociales y la también sobre las actividades realizadas por los mayas clásicos pertenecientes a estratos bajos-medios. 

 
A Study of EFL Students’ Perspective on Ambiguity Tolerance
Authors: Kurniasari Fera Aldila , Indriani Lilia
Published: February 2021

This research aims to investigate the EFL students' perspective on ambiguity tolerance. The researcher used a descriptive qualitative approach for this research. To collect the data, the researcher used the Second Language Tolerance of Ambiguity Scale (SLTAS) as the instrument. This research involved 30 students of the 5th semester of Tidar University Magelang as the participant. The result shows that the participants have low ambiguity tolerance in the term reading and listening and more tolerance in speaking and writing.
Analysis of Color-Specific Visual Processing Speed Differences in Division 1 College Football Players
Authors: Clark Joseph F. , Jacobs Bradley T. , Betz Bret E. , Akhter Mashal , Hasselfeld Kimberly A. , Mangine Robert E. , Divine Jon G.
Published: February 2021

IntroductionThe University of Cincinnati has been doing NeuroVisual Training (NVT) as part of an injury prevention and performance enhancement program since 2010. We recently noticed that some athletes have substantial differences in visual reaction time based on color, specifically red versus green. We set out to assess if they may have had any color processing deficiencies.MethodsWe identified 4 out of 107 screened athletes with deficiencies in their ability to react to green compared to red. After identifying these color deficiencies, we developed a protocol to assess and manage the said deficiencies. The protocol included assessing for color blindness with the Ishihara plates, color Visual Evoked Potentials (cVEP), and color-based visual reaction times.ResultsNone of the individuals had color blindness based on the Ishihara plates. There were significant differences in visual reaction times for red and green with red being significantly slower. cVEP mean red P100 latency was 115.5 ± 3.2 ms versus 104.4 ± 1.3 ms for green, and mean voltage was 7.30 ± 1.4 µV versus 9.20 ± 1.4 µV for green.

DiscussionNVT is becoming a mainstream means to improve performance and safety for athletes in competitive sports. It was interesting to note that high caliber athletes in a division 1 college football program were showing relatively slow visual reaction times. We were able to train them to a higher level of NVT proficiency once we included color-based tasks that best suited their ability to see and process quickly. People performing NVT on athletes may wish to be aware of and consider checking for color processing deficiencies such that one can train the athletes to the highest level possible.
Percepciones sobre interrupción voluntaria del embarazo en estudiantes de pregrado en enfermería
Authors: Troche-Gutiérrez Ingrid Yolercy , Cerquera-Bonilla Angie Carolina
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Explorar la construcción de percepciones sobre la Interrupción Voluntaria del Embarazo en estudiantes de pregrado en Enfermería de la Universidad Surcolombiana. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cualitativo, con enfoque fenomenológico, de alcance exploratorio- descriptivo. Se aplicó entrevista semiestructurada a un grupo focal de 10 estudiantes, se transcribió en procesador de palabras y se codificó con ayuda de ATLAS ti versión 6. Resultados: La actual percepción del estudiante sobre la Interrupción Voluntaria del Embarazo está permeado no solo por los conceptos adquiridos sobre el tema durante la formación universitaria sino también por aquellos adquiridos previo al pregrado. Sin embargo, la divergencia de opiniones y poco fundamentadas derivadas del contexto social, familiar, religioso, y académico influyeron en que el enfermero en formación sienta conflicto interno para sentar postura personal frente al tema, haciéndolo muchas veces susceptible a la influencia de ideas y posturas sobre la Interrupción Voluntaria del Embarazo impartidas vehementemente por algunos docentes. Conclusión: La construcción de percepciones en los estudiantes son  resultado de la conjugación del contexto en el que viven y se desarrollan previo al ingreso universitario y del contexto académico ligado a la formación de pregrado, en donde los estrechos conocimientos recibidos con diversidad de posturas y de enfoques generan fricción de ideas e influyen negativamente en el desempeño del futuro profesional caracterizado por inseguridad, incertidumbre y preocupación, profundizando las barreras para que la mujer acceda al libre derecho de la Interrupción Voluntaria del Embarazombarazo.
O PORTUGUÊS BRASILEIRO EM GRAMÁTICAS DO FINAL DO SÉCULO XIX (1880-1890): UMA ANÁLISE DE DADOS SINTÁTICOS NO PERÍODO CIENTÍFICO
Authors: Marinho José Eric da Paixão
Published: February 2021

A discussão sobre a existência de uma norma brasileira não é algo recente. No que diz respeito à gramaticografia brasileira, Cavaliere (2014) e Coelho et al. (2014) apontam para a aparição das especificidades do português brasileiro nas gramáticas produzidas no período dito “científico” no Brasil, entre 1880 e 1920. Gramáticos deste período, como Júlio Ribeiro (1881), João Ribeiro (1887) e Pacheco & Lameira (1887), motivados por fatores políticos, sociais e linguísticos, já assinalavam a existência das particularidades da língua dos brasileiros em suas obras. Desta forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como gramáticas produzidas na primeira década do período “científico” abordam as especificidades sintáticas do português do Brasil do século XIX. Para alcançar tal objetivo, será utilizado o arcabouço teórico-metodológico da Historiografia da Linguística, com base nos textos de Swiggers (2009; 2013) e Murray (1994), para a análise das gramáticas selecionadas para este estudo. Os resultados mostram que, apesar de uma crescente aparição das especificidades do português falado no Brasil nas fontes selecionadas, o tratamento dado a tais especificidades, em sua maioria, se configura de modo proibitivo e a partir de uma perspectiva de inferioridade à norma lusitana, prescrita e idealizada.
OS PARADIGMAS DE “TU” E “VOCÊ” NO CONTEXTO DATIVO NAS CARTAS PERNAMBUCANAS
Authors: Aquino de Melo Helder , Severina Gomes Valéria
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo dá continuidade a estudos prévios acerca do Português Brasileiro (PB) no tocante à inserção do “você” no paradigma pronominal e seu encaixamento nos demais contextos sintáticos (GOMES, 2014; LOPES e OLIVEIRA, 2018). Nesse sentido, visa ampliar os resultados desses estudos com a abordagem da relação sintática dativa em manuscritos pernambucanos dos séculos XIX e XX, tanto do ponto de vista do fator estrutural quanto social (LABOV, WEIRICH e HERZOG, 2006). Para essa discussão, tomou-se por base também a teoria do Poder e da Solidariedade (BROWN e GILMAN, 1960), a Teoria da Polidez (BROWN e Levinson, 1987) e os Padrões Sociolinguísticos (LABOV, 2008). Inicialmente foi feita a reconstrução da performance desses documentos, considerando as condições em que foram produzidos, o perfil dos missivistas e a relação com os seus interlocutores, discutindo os fatores sociais e pragmáticos. Em seguida, verificou-se o processo de variação dos pronomes pertencentes aos paradigmas do “tu” e “você” no contexto morfossintático dativo. Um dos resultados aponta que as escolhas das formas pronominais estão diretamente vinculadas ao tipo de relação estabelecida entre os missivistas, considerando o uso do dativo em correlação com cada subgênero analisado.
ENSINO DE PORTUGUÊS DO BRASIL PARA HISPÂNICOS: A INTERLÍNGUA COMO POSSIBILIDADE DE INTERAÇÃO
Authors: Valadares Flavio Biasutti , Jorge Rodrigues de Souza Junior
Published: February 2021

O artigo relata a experiência de ensino de Português do Brasil para Hispânicos. Objetiva mostrar como se processam em sala de aula as possibilidades de adequações sociocomunicativas a partir do uso da interlíngua, com base na metodologia de tarefas sobre trocas Espanhol-Português acionadas na interação. Propõe-se, também, o Português do Brasil como Língua Adicional, inserindo-a como uma forma acionar possibilidades de distinguir semelhanças e diferenças, disso decorrendo o desenvolvimento de habilidades sociolinguísticas. Utiliza a Linguística Aplicada ao Ensino como referencial teórico-conceitual, com base em pesquisadores como Celada (2000), González (1994), Kulikowski e González (1999), Kumaravadivelu (1994), Leffa (2012), Schoffen (2009) e Schön (2000). Conclui que o uso da interlíngua em turmas de Português do Brasil para Hispânicos, por meio de tarefas, é um facilitador de aprendizagem e de desenvolvimento de competências nos diversos contatos com brasileiros.
BILINGUISMO E MEMÓRIA DE TRABALHO EM CRIANÇAS EM IDADE ESCOLAR: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA BILINGUALISM AND WORKING MEMORY IN SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN: AN INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Scholl Ana Paula , Dagort Billig Johanna , Finger Ingrid
Published: February 2021

Estudos que investigam a influência de uma experiência bilíngue nas funções executivas têm encontrado resultados contrastantes. Mais especificamente, pesquisadores estão longe de chegar a um consenso sobre a relação entre bilinguismo e memória de trabalho em crianças. Através desta revisão, tivemos como objetivo investigar o impacto de uma experiência bilíngue na memória de trabalho de crianças bilíngues em idade escolar. Para isso, buscamos artigos nas bases de dados PUBMED/MEDLINE, BVS - LILACS e SCIELO publicados entre 2009 e 2019. Um total de 21 artigos foram selecionados segundo os critérios de inclusão. De acordo com a análise realizada, confirmou-se a inconsistência dos resultados: 13 estudos revelaram evidências de algum tipo de vantagem das crianças bilíngues em relação às crianças monolíngues, 6 não encontraram um impacto significativo de uma experiência bilíngue no desempenho das crianças em tarefas de memória de trabalho e apenas 2 encontraram algum tipo de evidência de vantagem das crianças monolíngues em relação às bilíngues. Para fazermos sentido desses resultados, foi feita uma discussão sobre fatores que são de fundamental importância na pesquisa sobre bilinguismo, por estarem diretamente ligados à experiência bilíngue e interagirem com ela: o tempo e intensidade da exposição às línguas, a idade e a proficiência das crianças. Diferenças em relação a esses aspectos podem justificar algumas das inconsistências encontradas. Para que se possa ter um melhor entendimento sobre a influência do bilinguismo nas funções executivas, sugere-se que pesquisas de caráter longitudinal sejam realizadas, bem como se avalie o papel de diferentes contextos de educação bilíngue.
O QUE ESTÁ ESCRITO AQUI? REDESCOBRINDO A GRAMÁTICA NOS CAMINHOS PARA A LEITURA
Authors: Cid de Garcia Daniela , Uchôa Cavalcanti Lott de Moraes Costa Marília , Oliveira da Silva Cristiane , Santana Lourenço Rogério
Published: February 2021

As práticas de leitura na escola têm recebido relevantes contribuições da Linguística textual no Brasil. A ausência das vertentes formais nessa conversa, no entanto, produziu uma lacuna nessa construção de conhecimento, sobretudo no que diz respeito às implicações cognitivas da interação entre unidades gramaticais e demandas de processamento. O artigo reflete sobre algumas contribuições relevantes da Teoria Gramatical e da Psicolinguística, propondo a metacognição gramatical (MAIA, 2018; MAIA, 2019; OLIVEIRA; QUAREZEMIN, 2016) como instrumental para as práticas de leitura nas escolas. Ao trazer argumentos em prol da metacognição gramatical como um meio de transposição didática importante para as práticas de leitura nas escola, propõe-se tornar explícito o conhecimento da variedade vernacular do aluno, como uma via volitiva de desenvolvimento da capacidade científica. Trata-se de enxergar o processamento de leitura como um caminho que vai de um objeto conhecido para objetos menos familiares como as variedades acadêmicas (GEE, 2004). Sugere-se uma articulação dinâmica entre estratégias ascendentes e descendentes empregadas na leitura, reiterando-se que para "ir além do texto" é preciso derivar de forma eficiente o conteúdo veiculado pelas sentenças. Redescobrir a gramática deve ser, portanto, procurar vias de partir da curiosidade linguística consciente para o desenvolvimento não apenas da leitura, mas das capacidades científicas mais amplas.