bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Rekonsiliasi Fiskal Dan Perhitungan Pph Terutang Atas Laba Komersial Perusahaan
Authors: Benardi Benardi , Yulianti Eka
Published: October 2024

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah setiap wajib pajak harus mematuhi ketentuan perpajakan yang berlaku. Seperti halnya dalam pembuatan laporan keuangan dan perlaporan pajak pada tiap periode yang ditentukan, maka dari itu diperlukan kesesuaian antara laporan komersil perusahaan dengan PSAK dan UU perpajakan yang berlaku. Untuk melakukan hal tersebut diperlukan suatu rekonsiliasi fiskal dan perhitungan PPh terutang atas laba perusahaan yang kemudian dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam perhitungan besarnya PPh terutang pada periode tertentu. Objek pajak penelitian ini adalah PT. Centra Dini Castrena yang berdasarkan data yang diperoleh perusahaan ini tidak memiliki akuntan khusus dan tidak memiliki laporan fiskal secara khusus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghitung laba fiskal dengan cara rekonsiliasi fiskal dan PPh Badan terutang Tahun 2010 atas Labakomersil perusahaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif, untuk memperoleh data yang diperlukan dalam penulisan ini penulis melakukan kegiatan pengumpulan data dengan studi kepustakaan dan tinjauan lapangan. Dari seluruh data yang diperoleh yang kemudian dianalisis dengan menyesuaikan antara laba komersil perusahaan dengan PSAK dan UU Perpajakan yang berlaku. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa laporan laba komersilnya telah sesuai dengan PSAK dan setelah dilakukan rekonsiliasi fiskal terdapat beberapa akun yang harus dikoreksi fiskal yaitu : biaya komunikasi, biaya pajak penghasilan, biaya entertainment, biaya administrasi lainnya, biaya penyusutan dan bunga bank.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi Kerja, Dan Komite Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Suryantoro Bambang
Published: October 2024

Pemimpin merupakan dampak interaktif dari faktor individu atau pribadi dengan faktor situasi. Gaya Kepemimpinan merupakan suatu cara yang dimiliki oleh seseorang dalam mempengaruhi sekelompok orang atau bawahan untuk bekerja sama dan berdaya upaya dengan penuh semangat dan keyakinan untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah ditetapkan. Keberhasilan suatu organisasi baik sebagai keseluruhan maupun berbagai kelompok dalam suatu organisasi tertentu, sangat tergantung pada efektivitas kepemimpinan yang terdapat dalam organisasi yang bersangkutan. Dapat dikatakan bahwa mutu kepemimpinan yang terdapat dalam suatu organisasi memainkan peranan yang sangat dominan dalam keberhasilan organisasi tersebut dalam menyelenggarakan berbagai kegiatannya terutama terlihat dalam kinerja para pegawainya. Gaya kepemimpinan yang dianalisis adalah gaya kepemimpinan situasional (kontingensi) Fiedler, dengan dalil bahwa prestasi (kinerja) kelompok (karyawan) tergantung pada interaksi antara gaya kepemimpinan dengan para anggota serta situasi yang mendukung. Situasi yang dimaksud meliputi struktur tugas (orientasi tugas), hubungan pimpinananggota (orientasi hubungan), dan kekuasaan posisi atau jabatan. faktor kepemimpinan mempunyai peran yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan kinerja pegawai karena kepemimpinan yang efektif memberikan pengarahan terhadap usaha-usaha semua pekerja dalam mencapai tujuan-tujuan organisasi. Gaya kepemimpinan yang efektif dibutuhkan pemimpin untuk dapat meningkatkan kinerja semua pegawai dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi. Dengan demikian, gaya kepemimpinan dapat menjadi pedoman yang baik dalam peningkatan kinerja pegawai .
Cash On Delivery Sales
Authors: Chaidir Mohammad
Published: October 2024

Sistem dalam suatu organisasi memang sangat diperlukan, seperti sistem informasi akuntansi yang merupakan seperangkat sumber manusia dan modal dalam organisasi, yang berkewajiban untuk menyajikan informasi keuangan dan juga informasi yang diperoleh dari pengumpulan dan memproses data. Selain itu sistem pun dibentuk untuk mempermudah proses transaksi dan mempermudah dalam pengambilan keputusan bagi pihak management, serta dapat digunakan sebagai pengendalian internal perusahaan Penjualan merupakan sumber hidup suatu perusahaan. Kas merupakan aktiva yang paling likuid. Merupakan salah satu unsur modal kerja yang paling tinggi likuiditasnya. Surat berharga merupakan investasi jangka pendek yang bersifat temporal, bila perusahaan memerlukan kas dengan segera dapat dijual atau di ubah dalam bentuk kas atau biasa dikatakan kas adalah alat pembayaran yang sah di Indonesia dan barang-barang lain yang dapat segera diuangkan sebesar nilai nominalnya dan dapat digunakan untuk membayar utang jangka pendek, Dengan demikian yang termasuk ke dalam kas adalah uang kertas, uang logam, cek (segala macam cek dalam rupiah kecuali cek mundur) dan wesel pos yang diterima dari pihak lain, serta saldo di Bank yang bebas diambil (giro dan tabungan). Penerimaan kas perusahaan berasal dari dua sumber utama yaitu penerimaan kas dari penjualan tunai dan penerimaan kas dari piutang. Dalam hubungannya dengan penelitian ini adalah mengenai efektivitas kas dan penjualan dalam suatu perusahaan, hal itu semua akan dikaji pada penelitian ini.
Sistem dan Prosedur Keuangan
Authors: Kasih Ekawahyu
Published: October 2024

Pendidikan berawal pada saat seorang bayi itu dilahirkan dan berlangsung seumur hidup. Namun pendidikan juga bisa saja berawal dari sebelum bayi lahir seperti yang dilakukan oleh banyak orang dengan memainkan musik dan membaca kepada bayi dalam kandungan dengan harapan ia akan bisa (mengajar) bayi mereka sebelum kelahiran. Setelah kelahiran pendidikan pun dapat dibagi menjadi dua jenis, pendidikan formal dan pendidikan non formal.Pendidikan nonformal adalah pendidikan yang diselenggarakan oleh warga masyarakat yang memerlukan layanan pendidikan dan berfungsi sebagai pengganti, penambah dan atau pelengkap pendidikan formal dalam rangka mendukung pendidikan sepanjang hayat. Pendidikan nonformal berfungsi mengembangkan potensi peserta didik dengan penekanan pengetahuan dan keterampilan fungsional serta pengembangan sikap dan kepribadian fungsional. Pendidikan nonformal meliputi pendidikan kecakapan hidup, pendidikan anak usia dini, pendidikan kepemudaan, pendidikan pemberdayaan perempuan, pendidikan keaksaraan, pendidikan keterampilan dan pelatihan kerja, pendidikan kesetaraan serta pendidikan lain yang ditujukan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan peserta didik. Satuan pendidikan nonformal terdiri atas lembaga kursus, lembaga pelatihan, kelompok belajar, pusat kegiatan masyarakat, majelis taklim serta satuan pendidikan yang sejenis.Sistem adalah suatu jaringan prosedur yang dibuat menurut pola yang terpadu untuk melaksanakan kegiatan pokok perusahaan.Sedangkan prosedur adalah suatu urutan kegiatan klerikal, biasanya melibatkan beberapa orang dalam satu departemen atau lebih, yang dibuat untuk menjamin penanganan secara seragam transaksi perusahaan yang terjadi berulangulang.Pengendalian internal sangat dibutuhkan dalam dalam dunia pendidikan non formal salah satunya dengan adanya pengawasan yang sistematis. Sistem dan prosedur yang baik akan sangat mempengaruhi pada kinerja atau sumber daya manusia serta struktur organisi dan laporan keuangan yang akurat merupakan cerminan dalam suatu kegiatan usaha guna mencapai suatu visi dan misi yang baik.
New Author Guidelines in Statistical Reporting: Embracing an Era Beyond p < .05
Authors: Johnson Samantha , Stone Whitley J. , Bunn Jennifer , Navalta James W.
Published: October 2024

Statistical reporting of quantitative research data has been plagued by potential bias and reporting suppression due to a single numerical output: the p-value. While there is great importance in its merit, creating a pass-fail system (set at point of .05) has created a culture of researchers submitting their project’s data to a filing cabinet if it does not yield “statistical significance” based on this value. The editors of the International Journal of Exercise Science are following the American Statistical Association’s call for statistical reform by adjusting our reporting guidelines to the following requirements: [1.] make an intentional effort to move away from statements “statistically significant” or “not significant;” [2] all p-values are to be reported in their raw, continuous form; [3.] measures of the magnitude of effect must be presented with all p-values; [4.] either an a-priori power analysis with relevant citations should be included or post-hoc power calculations should accompany p-values and measures of effect. The ultimate goal of this editorial is to join with other scholars to push the field toward transparency in reporting and critical, thoughtful evaluation of research.
Wytyczne weryfikacji instalacji wentylacji strumieniowej garaży zamkniętych za pomocą symulacji CFD
Authors: Dorsz Adam , Zugaj Michał , Łącki Włodzimierz , Krauze Andrzej , Zawrotniak Arkadiusz
Published: October 2024

Określenie założeń projektowych i celów funkcjonalnych dla wentylacji pożarowej w garażach jest obecnie możliwe przy wykorzystaniu standardów zagranicznych lub wytycznych krajowych. Brak jest natomiast jakiegokolwiek unormowania w zakresie realizacji samych symulacji CFD. Generuje to brak jednolitego podejścia do oceny poprawności projektów wentylacji. W efekcie projektanci nie wiedzą, czy ich projekt został poprawnie zweryfikowany, a organy dokonujące odbioru nie wypracowały jak dotąd spójnych w skali kraju kryteriów akceptacji. Wpływa to niekorzystnie na proces budowlany, powodując niekiedy przesunięcia w terminach realizacji oraz niepotrzebne koszty. Niniejsze opracowanie jest próbą usystematyzowania podejścia do wykonywania symulacji CFD weryfikujących skuteczność instalacji wentylacji w garażach podziemnych. Celem publikacji jest usystematyzowanie definicji scenariuszy projektowych oraz miar oceny wyników.
Curar o queijo, curar a psique: uma metáfora
Authors: Roch Alex Borges
Published: October 2024

Observando o processo de fabricação artesanal de queijos, podemos perceber uma possível correspondência entre as fases dessa operação culinária e o processo de análise da psique. Ambos começam com uma desestabilização que pode ser propícia para a constru- ção de algo mais próximo à sua essência ou azedar e se tornar insuportável. Tanto na culi- nária quanto na psicologia profunda esse processo pode receber o mesmo nome: cura, por vezes também chamado de maturação. Assim, podemos imaginar que, mais do que encerrar o sintoma, a cura poderia significar um amadurecimento da psique. Para este trabalho, traçaremos comparações entre três saberes: o processo de produção queijeira (através de de- poimentos de mestres queijeiros da região de Minas Gerais registrados no filme O mineiro e o queijo, dirigido por Helvécio Ratton, em 2011), o processo de psicoterapia na abordagem ana- lítica e, na terceira cadeira desta mesa de prosa, a tradição da alquimia.
Identidades, opressões e o inconsciente
Authors: Pessoa Gustavo
Published: October 2024

A psicologia analítica emerge entre o fim do século XIX e o início do século XX junto à psicanálise e a outras psicologias, no contexto histórico, social e político da Europa daqueles anos. A hipótese do inconsciente, compartilhada com a Psicanálise e com outras psicologias, é redefinida e expandida por C. G. Jung em um giro epistemológico que amplia o pensamento analítico da época. Algumas questões do sofrimento humano contemporâneo, bem exemplificadas pelas questões de gênero e da opressão baseada em identidades de gênero, pedem uma nova reflexão acerca dessa concepção de inconsciente para avançarmos nas discussões sobre como escutar o que pessoas em sofrimento na nossa época têm a nos dizer. Este artigo pretende contribuir com essa discussão a partir do exame das identidades de gênero de pessoas LGBT e das masculinidades.
Oreasiobia meria sp. nov., a new species of Oreasiobia Semenov, 1936 (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) from China
Authors: Chen Zhi-Teng
Published: October 2024

A new species of the forficulid genus Oreasiobia Semenov, 1936, Oreasiobia meria sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Meri Snow Mountain, Yunnan Province, China. The new species is characterized by the well-developed tegmina and wings, absence of projections on ultimate tergite, a long pygidium, and almost straight forceps with a subtriangular basal tooth.
Comparative Law in the Eyes of Translation Scholars. Is Legal Translation Really an Exercise of Comparative Law?
Authors: Kusik Przemysław
Published: October 2024

The confrontation of the laws and languages of different legal systems that occurs in the process of legal translation has naturally inspired interest in comparative law among translation scholars. However, while references to comparative law in legal translation literature are abundant, they tend to be somewhat superfluous and selective, focusing mainly on the traditional functional method and saying little about how exactly legal translators can use comparative law in their practice. Nor is there much in-depth theoretical discussion of how both fields relate. Hence, the present paper aims to discuss the various approaches to comparative law and its role in legal translation adopted by legal translation scholars and to juxtapose them with a comparative account of the goals and processes of legal translation and comparative law. Taking a closer look at the oft-repeated statement that legal translation is an exercise in/of comparative law, the author demonstrates that, despite its rhetorical value, it actually misrepresents both fields. The results of the present research lead to the conclusion that, while comparative law and legal translation are clearly related and potentially useful for each other, the mutual recognition of autonomy could improve understanding between comparatists and legal translation professionals and allow them to learn more from each other.
Some Insights into Translating and Teaching English for Specific Purposes
Authors: Sierocka Halina
Published: October 2024

This short paper aims to highlight and concisely explore – but not  address in depth -some aspects related to translating and teaching English for specific purposes (mainly English for Legal Purposes) The following questions will be briefly considered: What is the impact of comparative law on legal translation? How can tricky terms in legal translation be taught effectively? How can mediation activities and student self-reflection be utilised to train legal skills? How can teaching plain English to PhD students improve their writing in a scientific context? The paper starts with a brief introduction to the concept of language and communication for specific purposes, with a particular emphasis put on English for Legal Purposes. The second section of the essay refers to issues connected with legal translation; its specificity and the role of comparative law in the quality of translation and interpretation. The third and last part of the paper is dedicated to the issue of instructing languages for specific purposes. It mainly tackles the problem of equipping students with such linguistic competencies, skills, and knowledge which are most valuable for their study and work.
Analysis of modern types of cyberterrorism and methods of countering them
Authors: Bishmanov Kakimzhan , Muratzhan Zarina , Dilbarkhanova Zhanat , Lyutsik Viktoriya
Published: October 2024

In light of the accelerated digital development, the heightened reliance on information technologies, and, at the same time, the growing threat of cyberterrorism, this study aims to develop efficient strategies to counter contemporary cyber threats. Methods such as experimentation, comparison, analysis, and synthesis were employed to achieve this purpose. The study’s main results encompass a broad overview and analysis of modern forms of cyberterrorism and their key characteristics. As part of the study, a plan to combat cyberterrorism is implemented, incorporating diverse strategies and methods for preventing cyber threats. Python code is used to track network traffic, analyse data transmission, and block nodes causing harm, aiding in detecting and preventing potential cyberattacks. A structural scheme is developed to systematize the process of countering cyberattacks, containing a detailed action plan. The scheme starts with detecting potential attacks and ends with analysing the measures’ effectiveness and planning for future steps. In addition, real-world examples of global cyberattacks are provided, and other studies on this issue are examined. The practical value of this study lies in providing concrete recommendations and ways to enhance cybersecurity at both governmental and corporate levels.
Transcription factor EB, a promising therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Yan Xin , Yang Li , Fu Xiaolei , Luo Xin , Wang Chengming , Xie Qiu Ping , OuYang Fan
Published: October 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of lysosome biogenesis and autophagy. Emerging studies revealed that TFEB also mediates cellular adaptation responses to various stimuli, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, pathogen infection and metabolic toxin. Based on its significant capability to modulate the autophagy-lysosome process (ALP), TFEB plays a critical role in the development of CVD. In this review, we briefly summarize that TFEB regulates cardiac dysfunction mainly through ameliorating lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunction and reducing inflammation.
Association between risk factors and bone mineral density and the development of a self-assessment tool for early osteoporosis screening in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Jia Xiufen , Lan Junping , Wu Wenjun , Ni Xianwu , Wei Yuguo , Zheng Xiangwu , Liu Jinjin
Published: October 2024

Background

Both diabetes and osteoporosis have developed into major global public health problems due to the increasing aging population. It is crucial to screen populations at higher risk of developing osteoporosis for disease prevention and management in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aims to quantitatively investigate the association between risk factors and bone mineral density (BMD) and develop a self-assessment tool for early osteoporosis screening in postmenopausal women with T2D.

Methods

We retrospectively enrolled 1,309 postmenopausal women with T2D. Linear regression methods were used to assess the association between risk factors and BMD. Additionally, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors associated with osteoporosis. Utilizing the logistic regression machine learning algorithm, we developed an osteoporosis screening tool that categorizes the population into three risk regions based on age and body mass index (BMI), indicating low, moderate, and high prevalence of osteoporosis in the age-BMI plane.

Results

Older age and lower BMI were independently associated with decreased BMD. The BMD at the total hip, femur neck, and lumbar spine differed by 12.9, 10.9, and 15.5 mg/cm2 for each 1 unit increase in BMI, respectively. Both age and BMI were identified as independent predictors of osteoporosis. The osteoporosis screening tool was developed by using two straight lines with equations of BMI = 0.56 * age−4.12 and BMI = 0.56 * age−10.88; there were no significant differences in the prevalence of osteoporosis among the training, internal test, and external test datasets in the low-, moderate-, and high-risk regions.

Conclusion

We have successfully developed and validated a self-assessment tool for early osteoporosis screening in postmenopausal women with T2D for the first time. BMI was identified as a significant modifiable risk factor. Our study may improve awareness of osteoporosis and is valuable for disease prevention and management for postmenopausal women with T2D.
Cuatro confluencias
Authors: Salazar Adriana
Published: October 2024

A partir del agua como materialidad y metáfora, busco hacer confluir ciertas reflexiones y experiencias en torno a la investigación artística. Me referiré a un proyecto llamado Museo Animista del Lago de Texcoco para abordar el modo en el cual los cuerpos que habitamos la región metropolitana de la Ciudad de México, tal y como lo están los artefactos pertenecientes a este proyecto (una serie de fragmentos del suelo lacustre, movidos por operaciones epistémico-artísticas), nos encontramos interpelades y animades por el agua en un sentido profundo. Encauzaré estas reflexiones por el curso de un conflicto socioambiental específico, situado en mi propio cuerpo y localizado en las luchas por el agua y la tierra en la cuenca de México. Desde aquí introduciré mi propio lugar de enunciación, abordaré los movimientos que conforman el carácter acuoso de esta investigación y señalaré los vínculos entre unos cuerpos y otros, mientras fabulo una cartografía hídrica del territorio que habito. Todo esto será también un detonante para hablar sobre las potencias de la investigación artística y cómo esta puede abrir la puerta a otras formas posibles de conocer que sean caudalosas y generosas, como ríos: una episteme que integre el hacer, el sentir, el habitar y el pensar en un mismo torrente.
Aos olhos da areia: aplicación de estrategias de desclasificación en la práctica de la performance musical
Authors: Bragagnolo Bibiana
Published: October 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar la aplicación práctica de tres estrategias de desclasificación en la interpretación musical, surgidos a partir de la investigación artística titulada Aos olhos da areia, parte del proyecto de investigación "Experimentación, interpretación y creación: desclasificando la interpretación musical", que utiliza la cartografía como guía metodológica. Para ello, se presentan inicialmente los conceptos de clasificación y desclasificación, basados en Gutiérrez (2009, 2018, 2020), y algunas de sus implicaciones en el campo musical. A continuación, se desarrolla una lógica paraconsistente basada en el uso del oxímoron, la polisemia y la desmonumentalización del conocimiento escrito y archivístico como estrategias de desclasificación. Estas tres estrategias dan lugar a elementos prácticos aplicados al objeto artístico Aos olhos da areia 2.1, que serán presentados, culminando con el cuestionamiento en torno a la persistencia de la idea que comprende a la obra musical como concepto rector y la proposición de la noción de rastro artístico. Por último, se presenta una nueva versión de Aos olhos da areia a la luz de las discusiones emprendidas.
Comparison of Escitalopram Alone versus in Combination with Jacobson’s Progressive Muscle Relaxation in Patients with Neurotic, Stress Related and Somatoform Disorders: A Randomised Clinical Study
Authors: Mahajan Piyush , Dahuja Malvika , Tripathi Pranjal , Sinha Shashank Saurabh
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Anxiety disorders have a prevalence rate of 2.57% and significantly impact well-being and productivity. The course of anxiety disorders is characterised by fluctuating symptom severity, a high relapse rate, and chronicity. Patients with anxiety disorders are typically prescribed antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications, but these treatments often have limited long-term efficacy. Combining pharmacotherapy with non-pharmacological techniques, such as Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), may enhance the effectiveness of treatment for anxiety disorders. Aim: To assess and compare the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) scores at six-month between Group-E (who received Escitalopram exclusively) and Group-E+PMR (who received Escitalopram in addition to PMR). Materials and Methods: A randomised clinical study was conducted in the Department of Psychiatry at Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research in Amritsar, Punjab, India, from March 2020 to March 2021. The study was carried out following approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC). Participants were individuals aged 18 to 45 years who visited the Psychiatry Department's Outpatient Department (OPD) and met the ICD-10 criteria for Neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders (F40-F48). One hundred and seventeen participants were randomly allocated to the two groups using a simple randomization method. Group-E received a daily dose of 10 mg Escitalopram for six months, while Group-E+PMR received the same dosage of Escitalopram along with Jacobson’s PMR exercises lasting 20 minutes, twice daily, at their place of residence. The HAM-A scale was employed to assess anxiety levels in both groups. Paired t-tests were conducted to compare pre- and post-treatment HAM-A scores within each group, while independent t-tests were used to compare scores between the groups. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 24.0 and a significance level of p<0.05 was adopted for the statistical assessments. Results: Both groups were comparable in terms of sociodemographic variables, mean age, and baseline HAM-A scores. The majority of participants, 70 (70%), were females. Significant improvements were noted in the HAM-A scores at six-month mark compared to baseline for both, Group-E and Group-E+PMR (p<0.001). Furthermore, Group-E+PMR exhibited a significant decrease in the HAM-A score at six months compared to Group-E (p<0.001), indicating more substantial improvements. Conclusion: Escitalopram and Escitalopram combined with PMR treatment effectively lowered anxiety. However, the incorporation of PMR Exercises alongside Escitalopram demonstrated more favourable outcomes in individuals with anxiety disorders.
Adherence to Self-care Practices among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Rural Area of Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Azees AH Irfaunul , Rajkamal R , Jayakiruthiga S , Jones Merlin
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Developing countries like India are facing an increased threat from both non communicable and communicable diseases. The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) among non communicable diseases has been rapidly increasing in India. The complications of diabetes, including both acute and chronic effects, impact the physical, mental, and social well being of patients. The effectiveness of diabetes management solely depends on the self-care practices adopted by individuals and their family members. Aim: To evaluate the patterns of self-care practices among diabetic patients and the factors associated with them. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 206 diabetic patients in and around the rural field practice area of ACS Medical College and Hospital in Thiruvallur district, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from June 2022 to November 2022. Type 2 DM patients aged ≥18 years were included in the study. The participants were interviewed about their diabetic status and various parameters of self-care practices, using the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (SDSCA) score. The Chi-square test was applied to assess the relationship between self-care practices and factors such as age and gender. Results: The mean age of the participants was 47±10 years. The present study observed that the overall prevalence of poor selfcare practices was low, with 92 participants (44.7%) exhibiting poor practices and 114 participants (55.3%) demonstrating good self-care practices. In the current study, the association between self-care activities and education level, as well as the clinical profile of the patients, was statistically significant. A negative linear correlation was found between self-care practice scores and blood glucose levels. Conclusion: Self-care behaviours among diabetes patients were found to be good in more than half of the study population. These behaviours were significantly associated with age, education level, and complications of diabetes. The results emphasise the complex nature of self-care behaviours among individuals with DM and highlight the necessity for customised therapies that target individual challenges and foster supportive environments.
PbO2/rGO Electrode as a Superior and Efficient Anode in Electrocatalytic Degradation of Safranine-O
Authors: Aryani Titin , Roto Roto , Mudasir Mudasir
Published: October 2024

The electrocatalytic degradation method with PbO2/rGO electrode (anode) was chosen to treat Safranine-O waste because it was cheap and environmentally friendly. This research aimed to study the electrocatalytic efficiency of PbO2/rGO working electrode in Safranine-O removal. In this research, rGO and PbO2/rGO electrodes were synthesized and applied to Safranine-O removal through electrochemical degradation. The characterization results of the morphology of rGO are in the form of a layered structure and have the atomic composition of C (82.87%) and O (17.13%). The characterization results of PbO2/rGO are uniform particles with gaps/pores that appear relatively large. The rGO particles in the form of sheets (layers) seem to be distributed on the surface of PbO2.  PbO2/rGO electrode has the atomic composition of C (87.24%), O (9.03), and Pb (3.73). The application of PbO2/rGO anode to the electrochemical degradation of Safranine-O showed good performance. It was able to perform dye removal (DE%), as well as a decrease in BOD and COD values up to >95% within 10 minutes at a concentration of 20 ppm. Application on real waste also showed the ability of dye removal, COD, and BOD reduction up to >95%. Coating or modifying the PbO2 anode with rGO can reduce the dissolution of Pb2+ ions in the solution during the electrochemical degradation. This study concluded that the PbO2/rGO electrode has improved the efficiency in Safranine-O degradation. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS FOR NITROGEN REMOVAL AND SIMULTANEOUS REUSE OF DOMESTIC SEWAGE
Authors: Silva Selma Cristina , Bernardes Ricardo Silveira , Ramos Maria Lucrécia Gerosa
Published: October 2024

This study evaluated the behavior of vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW), planted with irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.), specie BRS-GO Guará, and a vertical flow soil filter without plant (VFSF-CTR), as control, both on a reduced experimental scale. The objective was the removal and recovery of N from domestic sewage, using soil latossoil red-yellow (LRY) mixed with medium sand (modified LRY) as support medium. The operation of VFCW and VFSF-CTR for ten months and two rice crop cycles, used three different hydraulic loading rates - HLR (4.0, 8.0 and 15.0 cm/d); with three repetitions, totalizing eighteen experimental units. For the VFCW, the total Kjeldahl nitrogen (KTN) and N-NH4+ removal efficiencies, ranged from 86% to 95%; and, for VFSF-CTR, from 79 to 94%; with the rice crop favoring higher efficiencies in KTN removal, independent of HLR. Both systems showed tertiary treatment removal efficiency in a single stage; in addition, the variations in the removal efficiencies were minimal when operated with HLR of 15 cm/d. There was great accumulation of KTN and mineral N (N-NH4+ and N-NO3-) in soil, mainly in the 0-5 cm soil layer, which can be used for fertilization of other crops. There was also N immobilised in microbial biomass (MBN). This rapid fertilisation improved the soil quality in a short term (ten months of sewage application) and provided the production of grains and vegetable biomass for human and animal food. The VFCW presented good results, either operated with low or high hydraulic loads, showing larger operational flexibility.
APLICAÇÃO DA ANÁLISE ESTATÍSTICA MULTIVARIADA NO MONITORAMENTO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DO RIBEIRÃO ESPÍRITO SANTO, JUIZ DE FORA – MG
Authors: Nunes Bittencourt Camila , Da Mata Santos Lima Williana , De Oliveira Gomes de Assunção Taciane , Rodrigues Gomes Maria Helena , De Oliveira Pereira Renata
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo avaliou a qualidade da água do Ribeirão Espírito Santo (RES), por meio de parâmetros físico-químicos e biológicos utilizando análises estatísticas multivariadas. Foram analisadas campanhas de amostragem realizadas em três pontos, no período de 2013 a 2019, e os parâmetros estudados foram: pH, sólidos dissolvidos totais (SDT), salinidade, turbidez, cor aparente, condutividade elétrica (CE), temperatura, demanda química de oxigênio (DQO), coliformes termotolerantes (CT), oxigênio dissolvido (OD), fósforo total, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO), sólidos totais (ST), nitrogênio total e ferro. Inicialmente, foi utilizada a estatística descritiva para verificar o perfil espacial e sazonal dos parâmetros. As variáveis temperatura e cor aparente apresentaram as maiores diferenças entre os períodos secos e chuvosos, seguidos de CT e OD. Na análise espacial as variáveis DBO, DQO, sólidos totais, condutividade elétrica, salinidade e sólidos totais dissolvidos se demonstraram significativas. Ademais, a análise estatística provou ser uma ferramenta importante para análise da qualidade da água. A análise de componentes principais para a realização da análise fatorial revelou dois fatores principais. O primeiro fator indica a poluição por matéria orgânica e sólidos dissolvidos e o segundo indica poluição difusa pelo carreamento de sólidos. Sendo assim, conclui-se que o RES apresenta sinais de degradação da qualidade hídrica decorrentes de ações antrópicas, como o lançamento de efluentes industriais e domésticos dispostos no corpo d'água e, ainda, atividade agropecuária. Aponta-se a importância do tratamento dos efluentes despejados, preservação da mata ciliar e ações para minimizar o carreamento de sólidos para o corpo receptor, além de políticas públicas voltadas à preservação do Ribeirão Espírito Santo.
QUALIDADE DO SOLO EM AMBIENTES FLORESTAIS: UMA AVALIAÇÃO INVESTIGATIVA DOS ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS DO SOLO
Authors: Gavlak Guilherme , Filipaki Fernanda , Florentino Robert William
Published: October 2024

Os remanescentes florestais desempenham um papel crucial na preservação das propriedades físicas naturais do solo, contribuindo para a qualidade ambiental dos ecossistemas. Neste estudo, foram avaliadas as características físicas de um solo inalterado em um fragmento de floresta no município de Irati, no Paraná. As amostras de solo foram coletadas em uma área com vegetação densa em estágio avançado de sucessão ecológica, caracterizada por espécies arbóreas nativas de grande porte e dossel fechado através das análises da densidade, porosidade, índice de compactação do solo e estabilidade de agregados. Os valores de densidade do solo encontrados na área de estudo estavam dentro do esperado para uma área de floresta, sendo que solos com menor densidade apresentam um baixo índice de compactação, o que influencia no desenvolvimento das plantas e na infiltração de água. Os valores de porosidade do solo foram elevados, indicando ótimos índices de porosidade. No índice de compactação do solo, os pontos com menor compactação tendem a exibir menor resistência à penetração, devido à maior porosidade e índice de vazios. Na análise dos agregados, foi observado que o perímetro de 30x30 metros apresentou os menores valores de índice de estabilidade de agregados, indicando possível fragilidade da estrutura do solo, o que pode ter implicações significativas para suas propriedades físicas e químicas. Portanto, conclui-se que as áreas de floresta desempenham um papel importante na preservação das características físicas do solo avaliadas, contribuindo para manter um ambiente saudável para o desenvolvimento ecossistêmico.
Evidence of impact melt sheet differentiation of the lunar South Pole‐Aitken basin
Authors: Uemoto Kisara , Ohtake Makiko , Haruyama Junichi , Matsunaga Tsuneo , Yamamoto Satoru , Nakamura Ryosuke , Yokota Yasuhiro , Ishihara Yoshiaki , Iwata Takahiro
Published: July 2017

The South Pole‐Aitken (SPA) basin is the largest basin on the Moon. The basin‐forming impact likely melted the upper part of the mantle and formed an impact melt sheet. Impact melt of large terrestrial craters differentiated following a general magmatic differentiation sequence. However, it is still debated whether or not the SPA melt sheet underwent differentiation. To address this, we investigated the vertical and lateral variations in mineral composition of the SPA impact melt sheet area by analyzing the surface mineralogy including 277 post‐SPA craters using remote sensing reflectance data. We identified a 7 km thick, high‐Ca pyroxene‐rich layer and below that, a >8 km thick, low‐Ca pyroxene‐rich layer. Both filled the entire impact melt sheet area (630 km in diameter). Considering the vast distribution of these two layers, their thicknesses, their FeO abundances (around 13.5 wt %), which are lower than most of the lunar mare basalt but within the estimated range of the differentiated SPA impact melt, and that the observed lithologies are consistent with a differentiation model, we conclude that the SPA impact melt was differentiated. Moreover, based on the lunar magma ocean differentiation model, Al2O3 and CaO abundances of the upper part of the mantle would be much lower after the mantle overturn. If the SPA impact occurred after overturn, these elemental abundances of the initial impact melt would be much lower than that of the before‐overturn impact case and result in different solidified layers. Our observation matches only the after‐overturn case, which may imply that the SPA impact occurred after overturn.
Characteristics of ionospheric flux rope at the terminator observed by Venus Express
Authors: Chen Y. Q. , Zhang T. L. , Xiao S. D. , Wang G. Q.
Published: July 2017

We investigate the characteristics of the magnetic flux rope in the Venusian ionosphere near the terminator observed by the Venus Express while previous works about flux rope by PVO are mainly in the subsolar region. The probability to observe the flux rope becomes larger as solar activity strengthens. A statistical work during solar maximum presents the following characteristics. (1) The flux ropes in the terminator region have a lower spatial occurrence compared with those in the subsolar region, and the spatial occurrence of the flux ropes is also getting smaller when altitude increases. (2) The scale size of the flux rope is larger in the terminator region than that in the subsolar region and becomes larger when altitude increases. (3) In the terminator region, the flux rope appears to have a quasi‐horizontal orientation but with some cases can be vertical at low altitude. (4) The flux ropes in high solar zenith angle regions are confirmed to have a lower helicity compared with those in low solar zenith angle regions.
Occurrence characteristics of relativistic electron microbursts from SAMPEX observations
Authors: Douma Emma , Rodger Craig J. , Blum Lauren W. , Clilverd Mark A.
Published: July 2017

We study the occurrence of relativistic microbursts observed by the Solar Anomalous Magnetospheric Particle Explorer (SAMPEX) satellite. An algorithm is used to identify 193,694 relativistic microbursts in the > 1.05 MeV electron fluxes occurring across the time period 23 August 1996 to 11 August 2007, nearly a full solar cycle. Our observations are normalized to provide the change in absolute occurrence rates with various parameters. We find that relativistic microbursts are mostly confined to the outer radiation belt, from L = 3–8, occurring primarily on the morningside, between 0 and 13 magnetic local time (MLT). This L and MLT distribution is consistent with the L and MLT distribution of whistler mode chorus amplitude. Thus, our observations favor whistler mode chorus wave activity as a driver of relativistic microbursts. Relativistic microbursts become more frequent as the geomagnetic activity level increases and are more frequent during equinoxes than during the solstices. The peak occurrence frequency of the relativistic microbursts moves to lower L as the geomagnetic activity increases, reaching a peak occurrence rate of one microburst every 10.4 s (on average) at L = 4 for 6.6 ≤ Kp ≤ 8.7. Microbursts primarily occur outside of the plasmapause and track the inward movement of the plasmapause with increasing geomagnetic activity. The L and MLT distribution of the relativistic microbursts exhibits a peak occurrence of one microburst every 8.6 (98.0) s during active (disturbed) conditions, with the peak located at L = 5 (L = 5.5) and 08 (08) MLT.
Effect of intrinsic magnetic field decrease on the low‐ to middle‐latitude upper atmosphere dynamics simulated by GAIA
Authors: Tao Chihiro , Jin Hidekatsu , Shinagawa Hiroyuki , Fujiwara Hitoshi , Miyoshi Yasunobu
Published: July 2017

The effects of decreasing the intrinsic magnetic field on the upper atmospheric dynamics at low to middle latitudes are investigated using the Ground‐to‐topside model of Atmosphere and Ionosphere for Aeronomy (GAIA). GAIA incorporates a meteorological reanalysis data set at low altitudes (<30 km), which enables us to investigate the atmospheric response to various waves under dynamic and chemical interactions with the ionosphere. In this simulation experiment, we reduced the magnetic field strength to as low as 10% of the current value. The averaged neutral velocity, density, and temperature at low to middle latitudes at 300 km altitude show little change with the magnetic field variation, while the dynamo field, current density, and the ionospheric conductivities are modified significantly. The wind velocity and tidal wave amplitude in the thermosphere remain large owing to the small constraint on plasma motion for a small field. On the other hand, the superrotation feature at the dip equator is weakened by 20% for a 10% magnetic field because the increase in ion drag for the small magnetic field prevents the superrotation.
Influences of the MJO on the space‐time organization of tropical convection
Authors: Dias Juliana , Sakaeda Naoko , Kiladis George N. , Kikuchi Kazuyoshi
Published: July 2017

The fact that the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) is characterized by large‐scale patterns of enhanced tropical rainfall has been widely recognized for decades. However, the precise nature of any two‐way feedback between the MJO and the properties of smaller‐scale organization that makes up its convective envelope is not well understood. Satellite estimates of brightness temperature are used here as a proxy for tropical rainfall, and a variety of diagnostics are applied to determine the degree to which tropical convection is affected either locally or globally by the MJO. To address the multiscale nature of tropical convective organization, the approach ranges from space‐time spectral analysis to an object‐tracking algorithm. In addition to the intensity and distribution of global tropical rainfall, the relationship between the MJO and other tropical processes such as convectively coupled equatorial waves, mesoscale convective systems, and the diurnal cycle of tropical convection is also analyzed. The main findings of this paper are that, aside from the well‐known increase in rainfall activity across scales within the MJO convective envelope, the MJO does not favor any particular scale or type of organization, and there is no clear signature of the MJO in terms of the globally integrated distribution of brightness temperature or rainfall.
Zinc and germanium in the sedimentary rocks of Gale Crater on Mars indicate hydrothermal enrichment followed by diagenetic fractionation
Authors: Berger Jeff A. , Schmidt Mariek E. , Gellert Ralf , Boyd Nicholas I. , Desouza Elstan D. , Flemming Roberta L. , Izawa Matthew R. M. , Ming Douglas W. , Perrett Glynis M. , Rampe Elizabeth B. , Thompson Lucy M. , VanBommel Scott J. V. , Yen Albert S.
Published: July 2017

Zinc and germanium enrichments have been discovered in sedimentary rocks in Gale Crater, Mars, by the Alpha Particle X‐ray Spectrometer on the rover Curiosity. Concentrations of Zn (910 ± 840 ppm) and Ge (65 ± 58 ppm) are tens to hundreds of times greater than in Martian meteorites and estimates for average silicate Mars. Enrichments occur in diverse rocks including minimally to extensively altered basaltic and alkalic sedimentary rocks. The magnitude of the enrichments indicates hydrothermal fluids, but Curiosity has not discovered unambiguous hydrothermal mineral assemblages. We propose that Zn‐ and Ge‐rich hydrothermal deposits in the source region were dispersed in siliciclastic sediments during transport into the crater. Subsequent diagenetic mobilization and fractionation of Zn and Ge is evident in a Zn‐rich sandstone (Windjana; Zn ~4000 ppm, Ge ~85 ppm) and associated Cl‐rich vein (Stephen; Zn ~8000 ppm, Ge ~60 ppm), in Ge‐rich veins (Garden City; Zn ~2200 ppm, Ge ~650 ppm), and in silica‐rich alteration haloes leached of Zn (30–200 ppm). In moderately to highly altered silica‐rich rocks, Ge remained immobile relative to leached elements (Fe, Mn, Mg, and Ca), consistent with fluid interaction at pH ≪ 7. In contrast, crosscutting Ge‐rich veins at Garden City suggest aqueous mobilization as Ge‐F complexes at pH < 2.5. Multiple jarosite detections by the CheMin X‐ray diffractometer and variable Zn concentrations indicate diagenesis of lower Mount Sharp bedrock under acidic conditions. The enrichment and fractionation of Zn and Ge constrains fluid events affecting Gale sediments and can aid in unraveling fluid histories as Curiosity's traverse continues.
Modulating Immunological Responses of Electrospun Fibers for Tissue Engineering
Authors: Goonoo Nowsheen
Published: July 2017

The promise of tissue engineering is to improve or restore functions of impaired tissues or organs. However, one of the biggest challenges to its translation to clinical applications is the lack of tissue integration and functionality. The plethora of cellular and molecular events occurring following scaffold implantation is a major bottleneck. Recent studies confirmed that inflammation is a crucial component influencing tissue regeneration. Immuno‐modulation or immune‐engineering has been proposed as a potential solution to overcome this key challenge in regenerative medicine. In this review, strategies to modify scaffold physicochemical properties through the use of the electrospinning technique to modulate host response and improve scaffold integration will be discussed. Electrospinning, being highly versatile allows the fabrication of ECM‐mimicking scaffolds and also offers the possibility to control scaffold properties for instance, tailoring of fiber properties, chemical conjugation or physical adsorption of non‐immunogenic materials on the scaffold surface, encapsulating cells or anti‐inflammatory molecules within the scaffold. Such electrospun scaffold‐based immune‐engineering strategies can significantly improve the resulting outcomes of tissue engineering scaffolds.
Discrete Iron(III) Oxide Nanoislands for Efficient and Photostable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Luo Qiang , Chen Haijun , Lin Yuze , Du Huayun , Hou Qinzhi , Hao Feng , Wang Ning , Guo Zhanhu , Huang Jinsong
Published: July 2017

Perovskite solar cells typically use TiO2 as charge extracting materials, which reduce the photostability of perovskite solar cells under illumination (including ultraviolet light). Simultaneously realizing the high efficiency and photostability, it is demonstrated that the rationally designed iron(III) oxide nanoisland electrodes consisting of discrete nanoislands in situ growth on the compact underlayer can be used as compatible and excellent electron extraction materials for perovskite solar cells. The uniquely designed iron(III) oxide electron extraction layer satisfies the good light transmittance and sufficient electron extraction ability, resulting in a promising power conversion efficiency of 18.2%. Most importantly, perovskite solar cells fabricated with iron(III) oxide show a significantly improved UV light and long‐term operation stabilities compared with the widely used TiO2‐based electron extraction material, owing to the low photocatalytic activity of iron(III) oxide. This study highlights the potential of incorporating new charge extraction materials in achieving photostable and high efficiency perovskite photovoltaic devices.