bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Description of six new species of Cyrtodactylus Gray (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from northeastern India
Authors: Boruah Bitupan , Narayanan Surya , Aravind Neelavar Ananthram , Lalronunga Samuel , Deepak V. , Das Abhijit
Published: July 2024

Abstract

We describe six new species of Cyrtodactylus from the khasiensis group using morphological characteristics, supported by the molecular analyses based on the mitochondrial ND2 gene. We used four different molecular species delimitation analyses that recovered six distinct undescribed lineages distributed across four states in northeastern India. Our phylogenetic analyses using ML and Bayesian approaches recovered a clade where the recently described C. arunachalensis and C. cayuensis align together with our other samples from Arunachal Pradesh, north of Brahmaputra River. Based on these results and overlapping morphological characteristics we synonymize C. arunachalensis with C. cayuensis. We provide updated comparative morphological characters for species in the khasiensis group and where available these characters are tabulated for males and females separately. Including the six new species the khasiensis group now contains 35 species, of which 26 are endemic to India.
An event-based decision and regulation strategy for the production-warehousing-selling model
Authors: Liu Ziqi
Published: July 2024

This paper focused on the decision and regulation for the production-warehousing-selling (P-W-S) model. A novel event-triggered mechanism (ETM) was meticulously developed to determine when to impose control, alongside the development of the corresponding impulsive strategy. By applying the input-to-state stability (ISS) theory, some quantitative relationships between system parameters and ETM were integrated into the estimation of the state of the P-W-S model. It was shown that under the designed ETM and impulsive strategy, the warehouse was able to autonomously adjust inventory levels based on factory production efficiency and market selling trends, and hence the quantity of goods could be maintained within a reasonable range, avoiding excessive inventory while adequately meeting market requirements. At last, an example with numerical simulations was presented to validate our results.
A power generation accumulation-based adaptive chaotic differential evolution algorithm for wind turbine placement problems
Authors: Wang Shi , Li Sheng , Yu Hang
Published: July 2024

The focus on clean energy has significantly increased in recent years, emphasizing eco-friendly sources like solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, and biomass energy. Among these, wind energy, utilizing the kinetic energy from the wind, is distinguished by its economic competitiveness and environmental benefits, offering scalability and minimal operational emissions. It requires strategic turbine placement within wind farms to maximize energy conversion efficiency, a complex task involving the analysis of wind patterns, turbine spacing, and technology. This task has traditionally been tackled by meta-heuristic algorithms, which face challenges in balancing local exploitation with global exploration and integrating problem-specific knowledge into the search mechanism. To address these challenges, an innovative power generation accumulation-based adaptive chaotic differential evolution algorithm (ACDE) is proposed, enhancing the conventional differential evolution approach with an adaptive chaotic local search and a wind turbine adjustment strategy based on tournament selection. This strategy aimed to prioritize energy-efficient turbine positions and improve population diversity, thereby overcoming the limitations of existing meta-heuristic algorithms. Comprehensive experiments with varying wind rose configurations demonstrated ACDE's superior performance in energy conversion efficiency, showcasing its potential in optimizing wind turbine placement for enhanced clean energy production. The wind farm layout optimization competition hosted by the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference provided a comprehensive set of complex wind farm layouts. This dataset was utilized to further validate the performance of the algorithms. The results unequivocally demonstrate the superiority of ACDE when tackling complex optimization problems.
A Glimpse Into Roman Law by Kandinsky
Authors: Calzada Aránzazu
Published: July 2024

The biography or memory book of Kandinsky written by his wife Nina refers to the years in which the great painter devoted himself to teaching Roman law, and highlights certain aspects of the subject that particularly appealed to him. She refers to the logical precision and modes of argumentation in which the Roman jurists—according to the artist—would have excelled. The authors have examined the type of Roman law that was taught in Czarist Russia, the milieu in which he lived and the sources from which it was derived. It seems that the influence of German Pandectistics was decisive, particularly at the end of the 19th century. Several Russian scholars were trained in Germany, and not only in Roman law, so the influence of Pandectistics was greater than previously thought. This work of research into the context in which the painter moved during his years as a jurist enables the authors to explain what he understood by the logical precision and ways of legal argumentation in the case of the Roman jurists.
The Journey to Italy in Paul Klee's Diary
Authors: Ellart Carlos Sánchez-Moreno
Published: July 2024

This chapter deals with the possible impact that reading Goethe had on Paul Klee and his trip to Italy, which marked his life and his growth as an artist. It takes into account Klee's diaries, as edited by his son Felix, and compares Goethe's vision of Neohumanism with Klee's approach to classical art and to Neohumanism itself in general, with the distances that exist between the two with respect to this movement and their similarities, particularly in the study of nature. The authors are not going to deal with Goethe's most obvious influence on Klee, which is his theory of light and colour, on which much has been written and about which the painter himself was very explicit in the pedagogical works he published for the Bauhaus.
Reinterpreting Walden
Authors: Fernández-Manso Alfonso
Published: July 2024

This chapter explores the transcultural and transhistorical conversation between Henry David Thoreau's Walden and Byung-Chul Han's philosophy, offering a bibliotherapeutic perspective on navigating modern society's challenges. Han's analysis of late capitalism's impact on individual subjectivity resonates with Thoreau's call for deliberate living and connection with nature. Through introspective exercises aligned with Walden, readers are prompted to reflect on values, cultivate authenticity, and resist societal pressures. By merging Thoreau's timeless wisdom with Han's contemporary critique, the chapter provides practical strategies for personal resilience and growth in the face of modernity's demands. This dialogue illuminates a path towards fulfillment and purpose, inviting readers to embody authenticity and lead lives aligned with their values.
Translation, Memory, and Face of the Other in Juan Mayorga's Theatre
Authors: Tortajada Robert March
Published: July 2024

In this study, the author focuses attention on some theatrical texts written by Juan Mayorga, especially, El traductor de Blumemberg, Himmelweg, La paz perpetua, and La lengua en pedazos in order to observe some influences ―mainly philosophical―, with which the author works in his dramaturgy. In this sense, this studies the concept of translation developed by Walter Benjamin regarding the metaphor of the broken vessel; the act of reading as a non-ending one, thanks to intertextuality, and the face of the Other conceived by Lévinas. On the one hand, we understand memory, reading, listening and silence as a kind of unit, especially, in the authors' historic dramatic plays. On the other hand, we see how Mayorga's writing becomes an endless rewriting.
Educational, Cultural, and Social Conditioning
Authors: Crescenza Giorgio
Published: July 2024

The chapter proposes a critical analysis of educational discourses and practices related to gender emancipation and the education of the younger generation. Through the centuries, it highlights how male chauvinist principles and a distorted view of sexuality, influenced by theology and morality, dominated women's education. The need for a profound change in the way these issues are dealt with is emphasised through conscious education that promotes mutual respect and human emancipation. Current projects, aimed at fighting gender-based violence and hatred, are also discussed by underlining the importance of a transversal and inclusive educational approach that actively involves families, communities and institutions. Finally, the debate is raised on the need for greater autonomy of schools in addressing these issues, instead of adopting projects imposed from above, in order to foster a real cultural transformation towards gender equality and respect for human relations.
Medical Humanties, Narrative Medicine, and Bibliotherapy
Authors: Sirignano Fabrizio Manuel , Allodola Valerio Ferro , Di Grigoli Antonio Raimondo
Published: July 2024

Contemporary medicine makes a radical epistemological shift indispensable, one that brings out the human dimension and the active participation of the subject in building prevention processes, care, and well-being. From this perspective, listening to patients' stories, re-evaluating the care relationship, and using narrative based medicine instead of exclusively evidence-based medicine are of crucial importance. Placed in the realm of medical humanities, the chapter intends to present, investigate, and discuss the potential of narrative medicine, with particular reference to bibliotherapy as a tool for prevention, educational care, and well-being. Furthermore, the contribution reconstructs the historical-pedagogical pathway that has led to the outlining of such innovative training approaches and tools. In conclusion, the ‘Dialogic Literary Gathering' model is presented as an educational empowerment strategy, in the field of mental health promotion and psychosocial support (MHPSS) in LGBTQIA+ adolescent victims of minority stress.
The Aesthetic Dimension as a “Lost Paradigm” of Reading
Authors: Paolozzi Maria Federica , Maddalena Stefania
Published: July 2024

In the twentieth century, aesthetics gained central importance in the philosophical debate. Croce viewed aesthetics as the first form of knowing, rooted in feeling and intuition. This challenges traditional methodologies that prioritize formalistic and intellectual aspects over intuition and aesthetics. Heidegger and Gadamer reinforced the significance of aesthetics in contrast to a technicist view of epistemology, emphasizing its intrinsic connection to truth, promoting a holistic understanding of art and expression. These ideas inform pedagogy's reflections on reading education, emphasizing narration as vital for education. Reading, storytelling, and writing are seen as tools that can enhance resilience and well-being, especially when approached within a narrative framework. Bibliotherapy and narrative based medicine are highlighted for their therapeutic and humanizing benefits in healthcare, emphasizing the importance of professional guidance for effective therapeutic results.
The Therapeutic Value of Reading Graphic Medicine
Authors: Mompeán Mejías María José
Published: July 2024

Traditionally, comics were undervalued and relegated to being childish and immature. This situation began to change in the 20th century, when they gradually gained more social prestige and had a place in new circles, among them medicine. This is partly because of the growth of graphic medicine, a form of bibliotherapy and an emerging area that challenges traditional methods and offers a more inclusive perspective on medicine. Consequently, comics are no longer considered as mere entertainment, but as mediums that allow a new approach to medicine and the construction of safe spaces to talk about what is never talked about. This chapter explores the ways in which comics can be used as an effective and empowering tool of therapeutic storytelling through the representation of eating disorders in comics from a cross-cultural perspective, thus contributing to the consolidation of Graphic Medicine.
Poetry as a Vehicle to Support Social and Emotional Learning
Authors: Napoli Mary , Day Deanna
Published: July 2024

This chapter describes how two teacher educators incorporated children's poetry in their undergraduate children's literature courses. The preservice teachers participated in course invitations that exposed them to well-written children's poetry that focused on tenets of the Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning (CASEL) framework. Poetry can be read and enjoyed by everyone to help navigate complex emotions while developing empathy and understanding. This chapter also includes suggestions to incorporate social and emotional poetry with readers of all ages. Professionals from all fields can utilize poetry to facilitate social and emotional learning within their respective contexts.
Determinants of Social Image Satisfaction in Facebook Commerce
Authors: Changchit Chuleeporn , Loveland Karen A. , Cutshall Robert , Pham Long
Published: July 2024

Facebook commerce has become increasingly popular, especially for consumer-to-consumer (C2C) transactions. This trading channel is highly utilized for local transactions and for connecting people with similar interests, thus making it an especially useful channel for buying and selling pre-owned luxury products. This study aims at examining the determinants of customers' social image satisfaction with the purchase of pre-owned luxury brand watches via the Facebook-commerce channel. Data were collected from two hundred Thai consumers who are the members of the pre-owned luxury brand watch Facebook group. The results revealed factors which significantly influence customers' social image satisfaction toward a pre-owned luxury brand watch. The findings also showed that the perceived symbolic value plays an important mediating role in the relationship between perceived experiential value and social image satisfaction.
The Impact of Doctors Going on Strike
Authors: Sathiadas M. G.
Published: July 2024

No abstract available
Arts and Humanities in Medical Education: Current and Future
Authors: Jayasinghe Saroj
Published: July 2024

No abstract available
Updates in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Gobishangar S. , Dias Sebastian Jesu Thayalan , Rajendra S. , Thuraisamy Sarma T.
Published: July 2024

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a specialised endoscopic procedure for managing pancreatic and biliary diseases. Earlier in the 1970s, ERCP was mainly used for diagnostic purposes to evaluate the biliary and pancreatic ducts and surrounding structures. But nowadays, as noninvasive imaging studies advance, it is primarily used for therapeutic purposes though it is used for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.Therapeutic ERCP is broadly used in conditions that lead to impairment in bile flow and leak. The requirement of the ERCP extended further for evaluation of pancreatitis of unknown aetiology, preoperative evaluation of the patient with chronic pancreatitis and evaluation of the sphincter of Oddi by manometry.Patients should be selected with a clear-cut indication for ERCP, avoiding unnecessary or marginally indicated ERCP, especially in high-risk patients. ERCP is usually performed using a dedicated side-viewing endoscope with the patient positioned prone on a fluoroscopy table under sedation or general anaesthesia. Proper positioning of the duodenoscope is the key to cannulation of the pancreatic or common bile ducts.
Socio-cultural and Environmental Risk Factors for Leprosy in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Sivaganesh S. , Pathmeswaran A.
Published: July 2024

This study was conducted to determine the socio-cultural and environmental risk factors of leprosy in Jaffna. A case-control study was conducted in dermatology clinic, teaching hospital, Jaffna from July 2015 to July 2016. All 97 cases and 291 controls by systematic sampling were recruited using interviewer-administered questionnaire.The mean age of cases was 41 (SD=21) and control was 48 (SD=20). Of 97 cases, 54.6 %( n=53) males; 99 %( n=96) Tamils; 79.4 %( n=77) Hindus; 60 %( n=59) above secondary education. Of 291 controls, 42.3 %( n=123) were males; 99.3 %( n=289) Tamils; 85.6 % (n=249) Hindus; 78.4 % ( n=225) above secondary education.Socio demographic factors (12 variables), house and environmental factors (11 variables), and behavioral factors (18 variables) were included in bivariate analysis and many were found to be significantly (p<0.05) associated with leprosy. Marital status, displacement, monthly income, presence of BCG scar, firewood as cooking fuel, and hunting reptiles were not found to be associated with leprosy. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed significant association between leprosy and - crowded household [OR4.5, (1.5-13.6)], non-availability of drinking water within 30 minutes walking [OR15.1, (2.3-98.3)], environment with shrub [OR2.9, (1.4-6.1)], exposure to shrub [OR2.7, (1.2-5.9)], exposure to leprosy patient [OR10.6, (4.1-27.5)], exposure to fishing [OR4.5, (1.5- 13.6)], visits to leprosy affected area [OR10.8, (4.7-24.5)] and unavailability of safe water source [OR3.3, (1.2- 9.1)]. In addition to the well-known risk factors environment-related risk factors, especially exposure to jungle/shrubs could play a role in the transmission of leprosy.
Large Human Fabella Bone
Authors: Niranjan Romini , Gobyshanger T.
Published: July 2024

Fabella bone is identified as an accessory and evolutionary sesamoid bone in humans. It was noticed as an irregular shape located within the lateral head of gastrocnemius in the posterolateral capsule of the left knee of a 55-year-old male. Another smaller fabella was noted and both were kept in a safe place Measurements were taken after a week and their length was 2.7 cm and 1.8 cm respectively. The size of fabella usually ranges from 5mm-20mm in diameter, but in this study, the length of the larger one was 2.7 cm. Fabella originated as a small cartilaginous nodule and underwent endochondral ossification. It helps to reduce resistance within tendons and redirect muscle forces. In humans, gastrocnemius acts to ﬂex the knee and plantar ﬂex the foot. Fabella function was thought to stabilize the femoral complex and medial femoral condyle. Patients with fabella pain syndrome usually complain of increased posterolateral pain during the full extension of the knee joint. Fabella pain syndrome could be treated with physical therapy, local anaesthetics injection, radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy or fabellectomy. It has been observed that there has been an increase in the prevalence of fabella in recent years. Larger moments acting on the knee and increasing muscle or tendon strain could produce stimuli essential to encourage fabella formation.
Personality Factors Associated with Burnout in the Nursing Profession during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Masoumi Babak , Heydari Farhad , Boroumand Amir Bahador , Nasr Isfahani Mehdi , Izadi Dastgerdi Elham , Fereidouni Golsefidi Azadeh
Published: July 2024

Background:

Occupational burnout in a pandemic situation occurs faster for some people than others. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between personality traits and occupational burnout in nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2021. This was carried out on 299 nursing professionals who were taking care of COVID-19 cases. Occupational burnout was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and personality variables were evaluated using the NEO fivefactor inventory.

Results:

Finally, 299 nurses with a mean age of 35.49 ± 8.80 years participated in the study, of which 74.9% were women and 77.3% were married. The mean scores of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA) subscales were 20.44 ± 11.52, 8.75 ± 4.10, and 27.66 ± 5.92, respectively. High and medium DP and EE levels were reported in 75.2% and 54.9% of the nurses and high PA level was found in 87.6%. There were significant differences in job satisfaction and work experience for all burnout subscales scores. DP and EE subscales had a positive relationship with neuroticism and a negative correlation with extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. The PA subscale showed a statistically significant positive relationship with extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of burnout among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic was moderate to high. The five personality characteristics were significantly associated with burnout in nurses and have a key role in developing burnout syndrome.
Predictors and Prevalence of Persistent Pain after Total Knee Arthroplasty in One-Year Follow-up
Authors: Motifi Fard Mehdi , Jazaiery Seyyed Mahdi , Ghaderi Milad , Ravanbod Hadi , Taravati Amir Mohammad , Rostami Koushan , Shahrokh Seyedeh Ghazal
Published: July 2024

Background:

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most common surgeries performed to reduce pain and disability in knee arthritis. Comprehension of the etiology and prevalence of persistent postoperative knee pain can help reduce this pain and identify the predictive factors leading to it. This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors and the prevalence of persistent pain after total knee arthroplasty in one-year follow-up.

Materials and Methods:

This was a prospective cohort study. Demographic data including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), and comorbidities were collected. In 242 patients, preoperative and postoperative Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores were measured before and immediately after surgery and in 3-, 6-, and 12-month intervals during follow-up. Loosening of the prosthesis was also investigated by radiographic imaging in every postoperative visit.

Result:

WOMAC pain decreased from a mean (standard deviation) of 49 before surgery to 18 at 6 months and 13 at 12 months. Despite this, the prevalence of moderate-to-severe persistent postoperative pain (PPP) was 13.22% (n = 32) and 9.09% (n = 22) at 6 and 12 months lower preoperative WOMAC (odd’s ratio:2.8), loosening of the prosthesis (odd’s ratio:1.9), higher HADS (odd’s ratio:2.1) were main predictors for PPP in TKA patients as in rheumatoid arthritis (odd’s ratio:1.2).

Conclusion:

Loosening of the prosthesis and higher preoperative WOMAC scores are key factors in persistent post-TKA pain. Depression and anxiety are more popular among patients with more pain after TKA. RA is more prevalent in patients with PPP after TKA.
Clinical perspective and outcome of culture-negative microbial keratitis: A retrospective study
Authors: Venugopal Anitha , Andhare Pooja , Rao Anusha Vemula , Gunasekaran Rameshkumar , Ravindran Meenakshi
Published: July 2024

Purpose:

To study the risk factors, clinical features, and treatment outcomes of patients with culture-negative keratitis (CNK).

Methods:

A retrospective data review of 933 patients with CNK was performed from January 2018 to December 2020. The variables such as the history of injury, visual acuity, slit-lamp findings with measurements of size and depth of ulcer, microbiological evaluation, duct patency, blood glucose levels, and treatment were considered, and clinical outcome was analyzed.

Results:

Of the 933 patients with CNK, 763 (81.8%) were medically managed, with a mean treatment duration of 2.08 ± 1.7 weeks. Among them, 622 (66.7%) were both smear and culture-negative, and 311 (33.3%) showed only smear positivity. Smear-positive patients showed a positive correlation with the history of injury. A higher incidence of fungal growth on repeat culture was observed. Surgical interventions were done only in 18.2% of the patients; the rest were treated with topical medications alone.

Conclusion:

High clinical suspicion, differentiation of causative organisms based on clinical findings, and initiating empirical therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics and antifungals improve the ultimate prognosis in patients with CNK, even though a standard protocol for empirical medical treatment may differ among institutions and surgeons based on their clinical experience and geographical variations.
Gene therapy for retinal diseases: From genetics to treatment
Authors: Khaparde Ashish , Mathias Grace P , Poornachandra B , Thirumalesh M B , Shetty Rohit , Ghosh Arkasubhra
Published: July 2024

The gene therapy approach for retinal disorders has been considered largely over the last decade owing to the favorable outcomes of the US Food and Drug Administration-approved commercial gene therapy, Luxturna. Technological advances in recent years, such as next-generation sequencing, research in molecular pathogenesis of retinal disorders, and precise correlations with their clinical phenotypes, have contributed to the progress of gene therapies for various diseases worldwide, and more recently in India as well. Thus, considerable research is being conducted for the right choice of vectors, transgene engineering, and accessible and cost-effective large-scale vector production. Many retinal disease-specific clinical trials are presently being conducted, thereby necessitating the collation of such information as a ready reference for the scientific and clinical community. In this article, we present an overview of existing gene therapy research, which is derived from an extensive search across PubMed, Google Scholar, and clinicaltrials.gov sources. This contributes to prime the understanding of basic aspects of this cutting-edge technology and information regarding current clinical trials across many different conditions. This information will provide a comprehensive evaluation of therapies in existing use/research for personalized treatment approaches in retinal disorders.
Evaluation of COVID-19 Vaccination Websites Using the DISCERN Tool and QUality Evaluation Scoring Tool
Authors: Gajanan Prabhune Akash , Aishwarya Mallavaram , Sachin Bhat , Samridhi Pandey , Ashitha Reddy , Sri Hari Vinay
Published: July 2024

Background:

This article aimed to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccine registration website across UN-recognized member states for their portal quality, reliability, ease of use, and help to the general population in informed decision-making.

Methods:

Twelve UN member states (countries) were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria mentioned in the Methodology section of this article. The PPS technique was used for the sampling and selection of 12 countries from 193 UN member states. Post selection of UN member states, the study used two-step evaluation techniques, Step 1 – the DISCERN checklist consists of 16 questions in three sections and is aimed to assess the reliability of information and quality of information; Step 2 – The QUality Evaluation Scoring Tool (QUEST) consists of 6 items with a subitem, authorship, attribution, conflict of interest, complementarity, currency, and tone. The authors developed a standard set of instructions for evaluating vaccination portals to bring uniformity in understanding and context setting.

Results:

The DISCERN tool’s overall reliability score on the Likert scale of 0–5 was 4 (standard deviation [SD] ±1.28). On the quality of information regarding treatment choices, the average score was 3.4 (SD ± 1.67). The QUEST on ease of use, concision, and comprehensiveness demonstrated an average score of 18.1 (SD ± 8.3) out of 28. The vaccine registration portal of the Czech Republic was found to be the most informative and was able to provide scientifically valid information on safety, efficacy, long-term and short-term effects, and choice of vaccine with attributable authors’ details. India, Bangladesh, Nigeria, and South Africa scored relatively low for missing critical information on the website. The United Arab Emirates, the Republic of South Korea, Indonesia, Australia, and Argentina had minor elements missing.

Conclusions:

COVID-19 vaccination portals vary in the quality of information, and many were found unable to provide critical information for decision-making on getting vaccinated.
A Cross-sectional Study on the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Postgraduate Medical Training and Mental Health
Authors: Ramsai Vadada , Vijayasree L. , Mai B. Kiran , Billa Sathwik
Published: July 2024

Background:

The regulations for Postgraduate Medical Education in 2021, established by the National Medical Commission, aim to produce skilled and efficient medical professionals. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has had detrimental effects on the academic aspects, clinical training, and mental health of postgraduates. Most of the studies have primarily focused on the impact of COVID-19 on clinical departments, while pre- and para-clinical departments have been largely ignored.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess the specific impact of COVID-19 on academics, clinical skills, and mental health among postgraduates.

Methods:

Between mid-August and mid-October 2022, face-to-face interviews were conducted with postgraduates from all three batches using a semi-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included inquiries regarding the impact of COVID-19 on academic and clinical aspects. The mental health of postgraduates was assessed using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. A total of 230 responses were collected, entered into MS Excel, and analyzed using SPSS software.

Results:

Out of approximately 1200 eligible postgraduates, only 230 (19%) participated in the study. Among the findings, 52.9% of postgraduates did not have any physical classes, while 59.6% expressed satisfaction with virtual classes. Virtual examinations had a negative impact on 61.3% of the postgraduates. Furthermore, a significant majority (88.8%) of postgraduates reported being unable to learn clinical procedures due to the absence of ward rounds. The mental health of the postgraduates, except for 96 individuals, was adversely affected.

Conclusion:

By this study, it can be concluded that COVID-19 has had a severe impact on the academics, clinical skills, and mental health of postgraduates.
A peculiar unilateral inferior visual field defect in metastatic pituitary renal cell carcinoma located inferior to the optic chiasm
Authors: Liu Jen-Yu , Cheng Cheng-Kuo
Published: July 2024

Pituitary metastasis (PM) from clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a rare occurrence of constituting only 0.03%–0.05% of all pituitary tumors. The patient, a 58-year-old man with a history of bilateral ccRCC and endocrine disorders, presented with progressive visual deterioration and headaches. Initial ophthalmological examination revealed a unilateral inferior altitudinal visual field defect, contrasting with typical PM cases. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography exposed a large suprasellar lesion with a unique relationship to surrounding structures, notably the left A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery. Surgical removal confirmed invasive ccRCC metastasis, addressing hormone dysregulation. The distinctive manifestation of a prechiasmal optic nerve compression resulting in an unusual visual field defect underscores the need for ophthalmologists to consider brain lesions in unexplained visual impairments. This case contributes novel insights into the complex interplay between PM and adjacent anatomical structures.
Dwelling architecture and flexible land-use strategies in the Prehispanic Sierras de Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Medina Matías E. , Sario Gisela , Recalde Andrea , Pastor Sebastián , Berberián Eduardo E.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the evidence of architecture recovered from the Late Prehispanic Period of the Sierras de Córdoba (∼1220–330 cal BP), Argentina. We explore the relationship between household architecture and the level of residential mobility, arguing that a flexible subsistence and mobility pattern followed the adoption of plant cultivation and not entirely sedentary farming. The architectural evidence presented structures made using low-energy construction techniques that were not intended for an anticipated long-term occupation. This architecture meets the expectation of a settlement pattern left by groups that were occasional food producers and used specific locations as seasonal campsites, indicating a flexible landscape-use organization.
Slovak Scholars in Bohemia and Moravia and Czech Scholars in Slovakia Before and After the Battle of Biela Hora (1620)
Authors: Škovierová Angela
Published: July 2024

During several years of research, we registered a relatively large number of mostly Protestant scholars originating from the territory of today’s Slovakia or those who are considered significant in the context of Slovak cultural history, who in the period before the Battle of Biela Hora (1620) lived and worked in one of the Czech or Moravian cities. This was a very diverse group of humanists including clergymen, professors from Charles University, teachers, scribes, authors of extensive works in Latin or in the vernacular, patrons, or owners of interesting book collections. The article introduces this group of scholars in general, and examines more closely their confessional orientation, as well as what influenced it or subsequently prompted it to change. On the other hand, we also want to briefly note several Czech scholars who, as a result of the changed religious situation in Bohemia, came to Slovakia after the Battle of Biela Hora.
Uvodnik
Authors: Uhrin Michal , Račič Manca
Published: July 2024

Religija je eno najstarejših področij raziskovanja v družboslovju in humanistiki. Sociokulturna antropologija in etnologija sta prepleteni s študijem religije, mitov, magije in ritualov. Mnogi klasični avtorji, kot so James George Frazer, Émile Durkheim, Victor Turner in Mary Douglas, so zasnovali teorije, ki so poskušale razložiti številne razsežnosti vere in religioznosti. Ideje doajenov sociokulturne antropologije in etnologije, čeprav morda v nekaterih pogledih zastarele, še vedno ponujajo neizčrpen vir navdiha za sodobne znanstvenike, kot se odraža v nekaterih študijah v tej številki. Prejšnja številka revije Svetov/Worlds, Religija v toku 1: raziskovalne strategije, je sestavljena iz prispevkov, ki temeljijo na različnih vrstah empiričnih podatkov, etnografskih ali zgodovinskih, povezanih s srednjeevropskim kontekstom (Češka, Slovaška, Madžarska), in ilustrirajo pestrost sodobnih empiričnih raziskav religije. Kot kažejo študije v prvi številki, lahko različne metode pomagajo razkriti različne vidike vere in njene vloge v življenju ljudi. Druga številka, Religija v toku 2: teorija in metodologija, združuje članke, ki odsevajo aktualna teoretična in metodološka vprašanja v raziskovanju religije.
A Report on the Round Table “Are You Here All Alone?: The Experiences, Challenges, and Successes of Female Researchers in Fieldwork”
Authors: Kuntarič Zupanc Simona , Hamer Petra , Ivnik Tina
Published: July 2024

The round table titled “A ti pa kar sama tukaj?: Izkušnje, izzivi in uspehi raziskovalk na terenskem delu” (“Are You Here All Alone?: The Experiences, Challenges, and Successes of Female Researchers in Fieldwork”) took place on 21 May 2024 at the Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology at the Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, and so concluded a series of events part of the Dnevi enakosti spolov FF 2024 (Days of Gender Equality FF 2024). The organisers of the round table and researchers of the ERC project DEAGENCY, Simona K. Zupanc, Tina Ivnik, and Petra Hamer, encouraged the participants to reflect on two key questions: how gender influences fieldwork and which safety strategies participants use and recommend in fieldwork.
Estudio epidemiológico de la legionelosis en España. Año 2023
Authors: Cano Portero Rosa , Martín Mesonero Carmen , Amillategui Dos Santos Rocío
Published: July 2024

Introducción: Legionelosis es una enfermedad de origen ambiental transmitida por aerosoles de agua contaminada con Legionella pneumophila. El reservorio está en el medio ambiente. La legislación para el control de las instalaciones de riesgo y la vigilancia de casos para identificar brotes de forma temprana son la clave para su control. Se presenta el análisis de la información de la vigilancia epidemiológica de legionelosis en 2023.
Método: Análisis descriptivo de los datos de vigilancia en 2023 en España. Se analiza también la información de la red europea de vigilancia de casos asociados a viajar.
Resultados: Se notificaron 2.294 casos, de los que 2.265 fueron autóctonos y la tasa de notificación por 100.000 habitantes (TN) fue de 4,66. Se produjo un aumento del 13,0% sobre los casos de 2022. Se notificaron 1.553 casos en hombres (TN=6,53, edad mediana de 65 años) y 792 en mujeres (TN=2,83, edad mediana de 69 años) y 10 casos sin esta información. Las tasas más elevadas se dieron en 45-64 y 65 y más años, tanto para hombres como para mujeres. La letalidad aumentó con la edad. La letalidad global fue del 8,4% (190/2.265), en hombres fue 8,6% (133/1.553) y 8,1% en mujeres (57/702). Se notificaron 106 casos en viajeros de otros países.
Conclusiones: La tendencia de la enfermedad es creciente. La enfermedad afectó más a hombres que a mujeres, a personas de edad avanzada y con factores de riesgo como hábito tabáquico o inmunosupresión. Además, para los hombres, destaca la incidencia en la etapa activa de la vida, en relación con el desempeño de algunas profesiones o trabajos.
Situación de la rabia terrestre en España en el siglo XXI
Authors: Granero-Melcón Beatriz , Diaz-García Oliva , Echevarría Juan E. , Collado-Cortés Mª Soledad , Estévez-Reboredo Rosa Mª
Published: July 2024

Introducción: La rabia es una zoonosis de alta letalidad causada por varios tipos de Lyssavirus y transmitida a los humanos principalmente por perros. España está libre de rabia terrestre en la península e islas desde 1978, pero se continúan notificando casos esporádicos en animales en Ceuta y Melilla y, esporádicamente, algún caso humano importado. El objetivo fue describir los casos de esta enfermedad en humanos y animales terrestres en España en el siglo XXI. 
Método: Análisis descriptivo de los casos con diagnóstico de rabia en España entre los años 2000-2023, a partir de la notificación a la Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica (RENAVE). Para humanos se analizaron las variables sexo, edad, lugar de residencia, tipo de virus, animal transmisor, vacunación y mortalidad. Para animales se describen las especies terrestres afectadas.
Resultados: Durante el periodo estudiado se notificaron 2 casos de rabia humana, en 2014 y en 2019, ambos importados de Marruecos. En animales terrestres se declararon 80 casos, la mayoría en perros, y todos en Ceuta y Melilla, salvo un caso importado en la península.
Conclusiones: La rabia es una enfermedad controlada en España. Es importante mantener una adecuada prevención, vigilancia y control para evitar la reemergencia en nuestro país.
Comparison of perinatal and neonatal outcomes of adolescent and adult pregnant women
Authors: Durmuş Uğur , Yıldız Şükrü , Dura Mustafa Cengiz , Elmas Durmuş Kübra , Gürsoy Berk , Aslan Özgür , Ekin Murat
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study is to perform a comparative analysis of obstetric and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women in two age groups: adolescents and adults.
Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the hospital records of a cohort of 616 pregnant women was performed, 309 of whom were classified as adolescents and 307 as adults. Statistical analysis was performed using the NCSS (Number Cruncher Statistical System) application. The level of statistical significance was considered acceptable at a threshold of p
DECOMPRESSIVE CRANIOTOMY FOR MALIGNANT MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY INFARCTION: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Sucu Hasan Kamil , Arı Mustafa Kemal , Bozdağ Selin
Published: July 2024

Objective: The mortality for malignant middle cerebral artery infarcts(MCA) is very high. Decompressive craniotomy(DC) seems to reduce mortality, but the quality of life is still a current debate. We presented the results of patients with malign MCA infarction who were treated medically or surgically in our high-volume tertiary hospital.
Material and Method: The study was a prospective cohort. DC was recommended to every patient who met the criteria, and those who did not accept were followed as the control medical treatment group. We evaluated the patients in the pre-operative and early, 1st/3rd/6th/12th months postoperative periods.
Result: Forty-two patients were included in the study (17/surgery, 25/medical). Survival rates of those who received DC in each follow-up period were higher than those who received only medical treatment. This difference was also significant at the postoperative 1st, 3rd, and 6th months. In addition, the modified-Rankin-Scale examination showed that DC was superior in each control period.
Conclusion: The fact that the mortality of the patients who underwent DC in our study (although lower than those who were treated only medically) was higher than in the other series can be explained by the poor neurological condition at the time of surgery. It should not wait until the patient's condition deteriorates too much to make an indication for surgery. For this purpose, it is necessary to inform the neurosurgeon of the decrease in the neurological condition of the patients with frequent examinations in the early period. Referring patients with the possibility of worsening to the neurosurgery clinic may be an alternative solution.
Akut İskemik İnmede İntravenöz Trombolitik Tedavi Sonuçları
Authors: Yetiş Aysu , Sahin Burc Esra , Köysüren Aydan , Duran Selcen , Çelikbilek Asuman
Published: July 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada inme ünitemizde iv rt-PA uyguladığımız akut iskemik inme tanılı hastaların verilerini inceleyerek tedavinin etkinliği, komplikasyonları ve prognozları hakkında deneyimlerimizi paylaşmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Eylül 2018 ve Aralık 2021 yılları arasında inme ünitemizde iv rt-PA uyguladığımız 39 hasta retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, inme risk faktörleri, semptom-kapı, semptom-iğne zamanı, NIHSS (National Institues of Health Stroke Scale) ve MRS (Modified Rankin Scale) değerleri dosyalarından kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Hastaların 22’si kadın (% 56,4), 17’si erkekti (%43.6). En sık görülen risk faktörü hipertansiyon (%56,4) ve hiperlipidemiydi (%46,2). Hastaların giriş, 24. saat ve 7. gününde bakılan NIHSS skorları sırasıyla 17,3±5,9, 13,4±8,7, 11,1±10,3’idi. Hastaların sadece 9‘unda (%23,1) kanama saptanırken, 12’sinde (%30,8) ölüm olduğu saptandı.
Sonuç: Iv rt-PA tedavisi akut iskemik inmede etkili ve güvenli bir yöntemdir. İnme tedavisinde toplumsal farkındalığın artırılması, inme ünitesi ve merkezlerinin sayılarının artırılması ile başarı oranları çok daha iyi seviyelere yükselecektir.
Evaluating Pedestrian Safety, Vehicle Sidelight Usage, and Road Feature Awareness: A Case Study in Urban Nepal
Authors: Khatiwada Amrit
Published: July 2024

Road safety in Nepal is critically influenced by the understanding and application of traffic rules and essential road features. This research investigates key areas such as pedestrian safety in the absence of sidewalks, the proper use of vehicle side lights, and the comprehension of road features like super-elevation. A comprehensive survey involving nearly 200 participants from the Kathmandu Valley revealed significant misconceptions and knowledge gaps. A substantial 68.4% of respondents erroneously believed that walking on the left side was safer for pedestrians without footpaths, highlighting a critical area for public education. Additionally, 31.6% misunderstood the correct use of vehicle side lights, often misusing them to signal overtaking intentions, which poses a considerable risk on the roads. While 79% of participants recognized the role of super-elevation in preventing vehicle overturns, 60% lacked detailed knowledge about its mechanics and benefits, leading to improper driving techniques. These findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced public education on traffic rules and road safety features. Recommendations include incorporating these topics into driver licensing exams, launching targeted educational campaigns, and developing practical training modules to foster informed decision-making and safer road practices. By addressing these educational gaps and misconceptions, this study aims to contribute to sustainable improvements in Nepal's road safety landscape, ultimately reducing traffic-related accidents and injuries and promoting a culture of road safety awareness and compliance.
Tumores neuroendócrinos pancreáticos císticos (CPNETS): uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Yabumoto Larissa Naomy , Souza Giulia Pacheco , Souza Alysson Alves de , Brito Luana Mesquita , Borges Augusto Monteiro Nascente
Published: July 2024

Introdução: Os tumores pancreáticos neuroendócrinos císticos (CPNETS) são raros, porém sua incidência está aumentando devido a achados incidentais em exames de imagem. Acomete principalmente pacientes entre a sexta e sétima décadas de vida, com distribuição semelhante entre os sexos, e a maioria é assintomática. Corresponde a cerca de 10% de todos os tumores pancreáticos neuroendócrinos, sendo o mais indolente e com prognóstico mais favorável entre eles. O local mais comum de acometimento é a cauda do pâncreas. Os CPNETS podem ser classificados entre funcional, não funcional, esporádicos e hereditários. Possuem relação com neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 1 (NEM-1). Objetivo: Revisar o diagnóstico e manejo dos tumores neuroendócrinos pancreáticos císticos na literatura científica atual. Materiais, sujeitos e métodos: Foram pesquisados artigos científicos e de revisão nas plataformas Pubmed, Scielo e Google Acadêmico no período de 2017 a 2024. Resultados e discussão: Baixa incidência e falta de evidências robustas sobre seu comportamento biológico tornam o diagnóstico preciso um desafio, contudo, o método mais utilizado atualmente para diagnóstico pré-operatório é a ultrassonografia endoscópica associada à aspiração com agulha fina. O tratamento leva em consideração fatores como sintomatologia, expectativa de vida, malignidade potencial e localização, sendo a ressecção cirúrgica a mais indicada, devido ao risco de evolução para malignidade. Considerações finais: Os CPNETS correspondem a um tipo incomum de tumor pancreático, sendo a maioria descoberta incidentalmente e possui melhor prognóstico. Seu diagnóstico definitivo é difícil devido à falta de estudos e protocolos bem estabelecidos.