bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of irrigation on the productivity of domestic potato varieties in the conditions of the Pre-Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Egorov Leonid , Simakov Evgeny
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of the study of varieties of Russian selecia presented by the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Potato Research Center named after A.G. Lorch". In the studies conducted in 2023 on the basis of Agrobiotechnopark LLC at the Kazan State Agrarian University, the following potato varieties of domestic selection were presented: early-ripening - Meteor and Gulliver; medium-early potato varieties Ariel, Krasa Meschery and Surprise; medium-ripe - Grand and Pennant and Purple potato variety. Irrigation has had a positive effect on all the studied domestic potato varieties. When analyzing such indicators as the flatness of the development of the leaf surface, the height of the plant, the increase in the mass of the tops and tubers and taking into account the yield, all the studied varieties on irrigation gave the highest indicators than when cultivated on the bogar. The weather conditions of the growing season of 2023 differed significantly from the average long-term data. Since the air temperature in May, July and August was higher than the average annual values. As for, 46.79 mm of precipitation fell in May, which is 23 % higher than the average annual data, June was drier (only 6 mm of precipitation fell, which is 10% of the norm), in July and August precipitation fell only – 50.3 and 37.1 % of the monthly norm, respectively. According to the results of the analysis of the leaf surface area of domestic varieties, it can be judged that the use of irrigation on potatoes in 2023 showed positive dynamics in all variants compared to the cultivation of this crop on bogar. Thus, its maximum value of 19,909 thousand m2/ha in the flowering phase was achieved with irrigation of the medium-ripened potato variety Grand, which is 2205 thousand m2/ha higher than when cultivating this variety on bogar. The maximum yield of 21.8 t/ha was obtained for the medium-ripened potato variety Grand, which is 9.28 t/ ha higher when cultivating this variety without watering. The medium–early potato variety Ariel also formed a fairly high yield - 20.94 t/ ha.
Assessment of the influence of organomineral fertilizers on the formation of potato yield
Authors: Safin Radik , Medvedev Nikita
Published: January 2024

The results of field experiments on potatoes conducted in 2023 on the experimental fields of the Agrobiotechnopark of the Kazan State Agrarian University are presented. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the impact of the use of foliar application of experimental liquid organomineral fertilizers on the formation of the yield and quality of potato tubers. The objectives of the research included studying the nature of changes in the phytosanitary condition, yield and starch content in potato tubers when using a liquid organomineral fertilizer based on humic substances and food industry waste developed at Kazan State Agrarian University. The object of research was the Red Scarlet potato variety. Biosok was used as a standard humic fertilizer. The treatment was carried out in the budding phase - the beginning of flowering with a working fluid consumption of 300 l/ha. The drugs were used individually and as part of a tank mixture. The studies were carried out on gray forest highly cultivated soil. The agroclimatic conditions of the growing season in 2023 were characterized by periodically severe drought phenomena, which negatively affected the growth and development of potato plants. It was established that treatment of potato plantings with experimental organomineral fertilizer contributed to an increase in the number of tubers and their mass formed in one bush. The largest increase (by 3.2 t/ha to the control) in potato yield was obtained when using an experimental fertilizer with a consumption rate of 0.5 l/ha. When using foliar application of organomineral fertilizer, the infection of tubers of the new crop with dry rot and common scab significantly decreased. Due to the use of experimental fertilizer, there was an increase in the marketability of tubers and an increase in the starch content in them, which is important for industrial potato growing.
Health effects of cold water immersion and swimming and its influence on the human body
Authors: Lipińska Justyna , Kowalczuk Maria , Lipiński Łukasz , Kopeć Izabela , Margas Mikołaj
Published: January 2024

Introduction
            Immersing and swimming in cold water is an increasingly popular sport that has recently become a fashionable form of recreation in the winter months. People who regularly swim in cold water mention the many benefits associated with it.
Aim of the study
            This review aims to present the current state of knowledge about immersion and swimming in cold water and to answer questions about the impact of this phenomenon on the human body and its health benefits.
Materials and methods
            The PubMed database was used in this study.A literature review was conducted using the keywords “ice swimming,” “winter swimming,” “cold water swimming,” and “cold water immersion.”
Results
            Much research has been done on the effects of cold water swimming, both positive and negative. Ice swimming affects many systems of our body, including the circulatory system, the immune system, and the endocrine system, and also affects metabolic and mental changes in our body, as shown in the work below.
Summary
            A single immersion in cold water causes a stress reaction in the human body, while regular swimming in cold water causes the body to develop many positive physiological changes. Despite the benefits, it is still important to remember the risks involved, and more research should be done to minimize these dangers.
Henrik O. Lunde, Dynastia wojowników. Wojny Szwecji 1611-1721
Authors: Kosmowska Anna I.
Published: January 2024

Brak abstraktu dla tego artykułu.
Selling Quality-Differentiated Products in a Markovian Market with Unknown Transition Probabilities
Authors: Keskin N. Bora , Li Meng
Published: January 2024

How to Price a Product Line When Customer Preferences Change over Time

Quality-differentiated products can help sellers increase their profits through market segmentation. However, in many business applications, such as online search and consumer lending, customer preferences evolve over time, making it difficult for sellers to use market segmentation. In their study “Selling Quality-Differentiated Products in a Markovian Market with Unknown Transition Probabilities,” Keskin and Li analyze dynamic pricing of a vertically differentiated product line when customer preferences for quality can shift over time. Keskin and Li show that data-driven learning is essential when operating in a changing market with unknown customer heterogeneity. Keskin and Li also develop a bounded learning policy that implements near-optimal data-driven learning in a Markov-modulated demand environment.
Identification of mature Nutmeg using Colour Space segmentation Algorithm
Authors: Carol J Jerusalin , Fred A Lenin , Fred L Mersheba , D Dani
Published: January 2024

Automation in Agriculture is essential to achieve a better quality harvest and alleviating the dependency on human workers. As the southern part of India is rich in spices cultivation, the work emphases on one of the spice which has got more medicinal value and commercial viability. The spice considered in this is nutmeg which is mostly cultivated in the mountain ranges of Kerala and Kanyakumari District. The identification of mature nutmeg in a large group is a bit time consuming task. The current fruit-picking methods takes a long time in fixing the clamp on the right fruit from the cluster of fruits, these leads to the cervical spondylitis problem. Recent developments in image processing and the extensive usage of autonomous platforms have provided the opportunity for fast and automatic harvesting machines. This paper proposes an image segmentation algorithm to identify the mature nutmeg. The datasets used are KAU Kochukudy, IISR Keralashree, Punnathanam and local clone. The matured fruit is identified by it’s boundaries using the boundary edge detection algorithm. The color detection method and colour space method were considered. Boundary Edge Detection algorithm is focused on identifying the edges or boundaries present in an image. Color Detection Method relies on identifying objects based on their color characteristics.Colour Space method involves converting the image from RGB color space (Red, Green, Blue) to a different color space, which may be more effective for certain types of analysis. Colour space methods outperforms image segmentation algorithm in terms of identification of matured nutmeg images with 96% accuracy. The average elapsed time was 1.150 secs. Also, the processing time to identify the right matured fruit requires much lesser time than other methods.
Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) for Melon (Cucumis melo) Yield from 2011 to 2020 Based on Planting Date Period
Authors: Rad Mohammad Reza Naroui , Gerdefaramarzi Somayeh Soltani- , Akano Hammed Adebayo , Cheema Ammara
Published: January 2024

The main goal of time series modelling is to collect and analyze past values to develop appropriate models that describe the inherent structure and characteristics of the series about the planting date of melon. The data used in this study are the melon yield based on twenty-nine days of planting date in March from the first to the last planting date of March 2011 to 2020, to evaluate the prediction performances of the models, two indices: the root mean squared error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were used to compare the forecasting capabilities of the SARIMA models, Excel was used first for preparing as CSV file and then changed to time series data to make the dataset of yield and R version 4.0.2 (the R Development Core Team) was used to perform ETS and SARIMA models For planting date time series based on yield, seasonal autoregressive integral moving average models (SARIMA) were constructed. The Student's t-test was one of the statistical tests used to evaluate the effectiveness and validity of the SARIMA models Through the use of SARIMA models, it is feasible to create synthetic records that maintain the statistical properties of the historical record. Finally, the results can be applied to different planting dates based on yield. Based on the Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) values and the overall highest R2 values of 0.94, the optimal SARIMA (0,1,1) model was chosen. No limitations were found. It is the first time that this mathematical method was used to analyze time series data for 10 years of planting date of melon and it could be useful for agronomists and horticulturists to choose the best model.
Study of Allelopathic Effects of Argemone mexicana L. Root Extract on Seed Germination and Growth of Triticum aestivum L. under in vitro Condition
Authors: Watakhere Devilal Nandlal , Jakhi Prashant Shankar , Choudhari Sachin Somalal
Published: January 2024

The present study was conducted in Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Nagpur, to investigate the allelopathic effects of Mexican poppy (Argemone mexicana L.) on wheat. Wheat is the most important edible cereal crop. Wheat can grow in a wide variety of soils and temperatures, but thrives in humid regions with 30-90 cm of precipitation. Argemone mexicana L. is a rapidly expanding weed and an important competitor of wheat (in terms of allelochemicals). Weed is one of major cause of crop production loss. The entire plants of Argemone mexicana L. were harvested, rinse with tap water to remove soil debris, roots are dried in shade which kept at 25 degrees celcius (±2) for 72 hours. To demonstrate the germination of seeds of two locally grown wheat varieties (Sharabati and Lokwan), five concentrations of different ratios of root aqueous extract were obtained. A bioassay of a petri dish was carried out to assess the allelopathic potential of Argemone mexicana L. on the germination of Triticum aestivum L. seeds. The water based root extracts of weeds were used for treatment. The differential inhibitory effect of Argemone mexicana L. on Sharbati and Lokwan variety of wheat was observed.
Smart Agriculture – Automatic Monitoring of Soil Moisture and Irrigation Control for Farming Land
Authors: Nagalingam Rajeswaran , Chintamaneni Vijayalakshmi , Paramasivan Kannan , Ponnusamy Muruganantham
Published: January 2024

In this article, we proposed an integrated application of automatic moisture and Irrigation control using Real-Time Clock (RTC) and Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR). The main idea of this paper is predicated on using as little energy as possible. In this work, we use the DS1307 real-time clock module to automatically switch on or off motor dependent on the time of day. The sensors are used for monitoring the soil conditions in agriculture field. Programming controls the timing of when the device is active. The most significant benefit of the proposed design is the reduction of risk associated with potential crashes and save water. Motors on the farm are often switched on at dry time and left OFF on wet conditions till necessity. Their operation is entirely automatic. Because of the protection of the farmers from the electrical shock during the rainy season, this proposed design intends to automate the operation of soil monitoring and irrigation in order to reduce water, power consumption and advance technological progress in agriculture farms and support in smart India. A significant amount of electricity is lost in the typical lighting system; however, this may be prevented with automatic control employing LDR.
The Pitfalls Medical Radiological Technologists Should Consider in Bone Densitometry
Authors: Kim Ho-Sung
Published: January 2024

Bone densitometry is a disease in which bones are easily broken due to metabolic bone disease, and DXA is used as a clinical standard test. Although DXA is a good method with good accuracy and reproducibility, it is frequently subject to test errors in testing and result analysis and analysis. Therefore, it is important to recognize the error issues that radiologists should basically be aware of when performing bone density tests, prevent erroneous diagnoses and treatments resulting from the results, and reduce the unnecessary costs associated with them. aim. The inspection must be carried out if the quality control of the equipment is basically continuously performed well before the inspection. Before starting the examination, the patient's age, sex, race, weight, pregnancy status, and any foreign objects that can be removed should be checked, and the examination should be performed in the correct posture. In addition, it is important to analyze results consistently. Radiologists, who play the most important role in ensuring accurate examinations, need to be aware of the potential for errors in advance and develop the ability to deal with the potential for errors in each examination. For that reason, regular education is considered essential.
Detection of Ascosphaera apis, causing chalkbrood disease in the colonies of European honey bee, Apis mellifera in West Bengal, India
Authors: Das Rakesh , Kumar Ritesh , Kunal Gautam , Goldar Suraj , Dutta Subrata , Jha Shantanu
Published: January 2024

The decline of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) populations is of great concern around the world. Among the several key drivers, dissemination of pests and pathogens is potential one. Chalkbrood is very common fungal disease of honey bee, caused due to Ascosphaera apis. In the present study, survey was conducted regarding the prevalence of diseases in A. mellifera beekeeping in Gangetic plains of West Bengal, India. Results confirmed the occurrence of chalkbrood disease in different apiaries, where dead and mummified bee larvae with cotton like chalky white or greyish-black covering were found as physical symptoms of the disease. From three surveyed apiaries, a total of 16 hives out of 113 hives were found to be infected with the diseases; and 46 frames out of 132 frames from the infected 16 hives were found to be affected by the pathogen. Microscopic examination reflected that nearly 87% of the samples collected from the infected frame were found to be positive for the spore of Ascosphaera. The fungus associated with the disease was isolated on Potato Dextrose Agar medium, pure cultured and its genomic DNA was isolated to perform PCR and based on 18s rDNA sequencing by using specific primer pair of ITS-1 and ITS-4, the fungus was identified as Ascosphaera apis.

Keywords: 18s rDNA, Bees, Necrotrophs, Phylogeny
Second Chance in Vocational Education and Training of Adults in Slovakia: Second or Wasted Chance?
Authors: Lukáč Marek , Lukáčová Silvia
Published: January 2024

Context: The paper focuses on an analysis of school-based vocational education and training (VET) of adults in Slovakia against the background of the concept of second-chance education (hereafter SCE). The concept of SCE involves different conditions of education to those that adults faced during their initial education and were unable to meet. Adults primarily study part-time, where they are offered a mirror image of a reduced full-time programme rather than an alternative space for obtaining a degree. 
Approach: Several theoretical research methods were used in the paper. An analysis of available statistical data about adults in VET, secondary analysis of relevant literature, the authors' own findings from previous research, and a comparison of selected characteristics of VET of adults in Slovakia with the principles of second chance education allowed for the formulation of synthesised findings and recommendations on necessary changes in adult education in vocational education and training. 
Findings: The absence of SCE principles in the vocational education and training of adults in Slovakia is one of the reasons for insufficient participation of low-educated adults. Neither schools, nor the state or municipalities, nor employment offices have created a mechanism for acquiring and keeping adults in education. VET of adults does not fulfil a social integration function because it is mostly used by adults who are upgrading or supplementing their existing qualifications. A significant manifestation of the lack of interest in improving the situation of the low-educated in VET is, among other things, the absence of training programmes that would prepare teachers for a non-mainstream educational process with non-mainstream pupils. The measures, which would be aimed at increasing the participation of the low-educated adults in secondary education are absent. This situation results, among other things, in persistent regional disparities in adult participation in education, which deepen the marginalisation of entire regions and their populations.
Conclusion: The VET of adults in Slovakia lacks the concept of second-chance education that would enable those who needed it the most to enter and obtain higher level of education. The implementation of the elements of the SCE concept in VET would allow for an increase in the participation and success of the most vulnerable groups of adults with the lowest education and socio-economic status.
‘Hunger for certainty’: misrecognition, masculinity and agentic action in India’s and Russia’s desires for neocolonial subjecthood
Authors: Kinnvall Catarina , Svensson Ted
Published: January 2024

This article takes as its point of departure the postcolonial understanding of the nation as a subject constructed through the colonial encounter. It argues that at the core of both colonial and postcolonial subject formations lies a desire for reconstructing a homogeneous nation that fulfils a ‘hunger for certainty’. The use of the term ‘hunger for certainty’ testifies to the emotional as well as corporeal desires involved in the quest for recognition. However, any such quest is always a process of misrecognition, involving fantasies of impossible wholeness and fulfilment. Proceeding from a Lacanian account of sublimation, lack and desire, we analyse the relationship between misrecognition, ontological insecurity, masculinity and agentic action in two neocolonial settings: Russia and India. By discursively deconstructing the official discourse of those speaking in the name of the state – in our case, Vladimir Putin and Narendra Modi – we show how this ‘hunger for certainty’ is at the core of neocolonial agentic action and how desires for recognition are constantly underpinned by masculinity and unfulfilled desires for wholeness.
New institutions, new actors, new rules: gender parity and feminist constitution writing in Chile
Authors: Piscopo Jennifer M. , Suárez-Cao Julieta
Published: January 2024

Formal and informal rules mediate the relationship between descriptive and substantive representation. Women may be present in office but struggle to influence outcomes in the same way as their male counterparts, especially because parliaments and parties carry masculine blueprints that limit women’s individual and collective power. Yet, what happens when new institutions incorporate new actors to write new rules and when women occupy these institutions under gender parity from the start? Using participant observation and interview data from Chile’s first constitutional convention, we analyse how gender parity and newness combined to give ‘feminist designers’ significant influence over the convention’s procedural rules and, consequently, the final document. Newness and parity helped women secure the adoption of a feminist procedural code, which eliminated many of the masculine blueprints found in traditional parliaments. In turn, women delegates organised explicitly as feminists and led the redaction of a thoroughly feminist document.
Resonant high-order harmonic generation by indium ions
Authors: Magunov Alexander I. , Strelkov Vasily V.
Published: January 2024

High-order harmonic generation in the multiphoton ionization regime is studied
theoretically to examine the resonant effects of the generating
particle. We solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for In+ in the laser field by expanding the
solution in terms of unperturbed eigenstates obtained in the
Hartree–Fock approximation. The intensity enhancement of the high
harmonic is demonstrated under seven-photon resonance with the energy
of the transition from the ground state to the 4d95p1P1 autoionizing state. Attosecond pulse
generation using harmonics of the fifth and higher orders is studied.
We find a train of almost spectral limited pulses with a duration
of 190 as.
Two-dimensional control of a biphoton joint spectrum
Authors: Shukhin Anatoly , Hurvitz Inbar , Trajtenberg-Mills Sivan , Arie Ady , Eisenberg Hagai
Published: January 2024

Control over the joint spectral amplitude of a photon pair has proved highly desirable for many quantum applications, since it contains the spectral quantum correlations, and has crucial effects on the indistinguishability of photons, as well as promising emerging applications involving complex quantum functions and frequency encoding of qudits. Until today, this has been achieved by engineering a single degree of freedom, either by custom poling nonlinear crystal or by shaping the pump pulse. We present a combined approach where two degrees of freedom, the phase-matching function, and the pump spectrum, are controlled. This approach enables the two-dimensional control of the joint spectral amplitude, generating a variety of spectrally encoded quantum states - including frequency uncorrelated states, frequency-bin Bell states, and biphoton qudit states. In addition, the joint spectral amplitude is controlled by photon bunching and anti-bunching, reflecting the symmetry of the phase-matching function.
Hybrid algorithm for initial phase calibration of optical phased array
Authors: Zhang Hongdong , Wang Rui , Du Kunyang , Zhang Yaoyuan , Jiang Ruitao , Li Yuanyang
Published: January 2024

The synthesis of laser coherence and the accuracy of beam scanning, which are based on an optical phased array (OPA), are severely constrained by phase noise. This limitation hampers their applications in various fields. Currently, the most widely utilized calibration method is adaptive optics, which can effectively mitigate phase noise and enhance the quality of the output beam. However, because of the multiple array elements of the OPA and the large optimization range for each element, the adaptive optimization method experiences slow convergence and a high risk of falling into local optima. We propose a narrowing search range algorithm that can quickly reduce phase noise by narrowing the search range of the optimal value. After initial optimization, the SPGD algorithm was used. This study was verified through simulations and experiments utilizing the OPA of various array elements. These findings indicate that the hybrid algorithm expedites the calibration process, requires simple experimental equipment, and can be broadly utilized.
Research on the wear trend analysis model and application method of diffraction grating ruling tools
Authors: Hadaqinfu  , Yu Shuo , Wang Ruipeng , Jirigalantu  , Wang Yilong , Bayanheshig
Published: January 2024

Tool wear is one of the main causes of failure during diffraction grating ruling. However, no theoretical model for tool wear analysis has been available to date. A mathematical model is established here to solve for the friction coefficient at the tool contact position for the first time. Based on the ruling principles for diffraction gratings, four parameters comprising the tool cutting edge radius, knife angle, pitch angle, and tool ruling depth, are introduced into the model. The positive pressure and shear stress acting on the tool contact surface element during plastic deformation of the metal film layer are given, and an integral is performed over the area where the tool meets the metal film layer. Equations describing the friction coefficients at different positions on the tip point and the main edge are derived. The friction coefficients at the tip point and main edge positions are then calculated using the model. The cutting edge radius, tool tip angle, and pitch angle are used as variables. The maximum value distribution of the friction coefficients of the anti-wear ruling tool is analyzed, and the principle that parameter selection for the anti-wear ruling tool should meet requirements for a large cutting edge radius, small pitch angle, and large tool tip angle is proposed for the first time. This principle provides the key to solving the technical problem where tool wear occurs easily during ruling of large-area echelle gratings, which has puzzled researchers for many years. Finally, a ruling experiment is performed using a 79 gr/mm echelle grating. Under the large pitch angle condition, the tool jumping phenomenon occurs because of excessive friction force, which results in ruling failure. The numerical analysis results are verified. The research results in this paper can provide a theoretical basis for anti-wear tool design and ruling process optimization.
Temperature prediction of Bragg grating sensing based on a one-dimensional convolutional neural network: retraction
Authors: Shao Xiangxin , Chang Shige , Jiang Hong , Tang Rui
Published: January 2024

The referenced article [Opt. Express 31, 40179 (2023)10.1364/OE.502875] has been retracted by the authors, following an anonymous complaint.
Digitale Kompetenzen in der Weiterbildung: Gestaltung eines praxiszentrierten Weiterbildungskonzeptes für KMU
Authors: Meier Jean-Michel , Meyer Michael , Geiger Manuel , Robra-Bissantz Susanne , Triltsch Udo
Published: January 2024

Im Rahmen dieses Beitrages soll die Entwicklung eines innovativen, branchenbezogenen Weiterbildungskonzeptes zum Thema „Digitale Kompetenzen“ beschrieben werden, welches auf den regionalen Bedarfen von kleinen- und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU) in der Region Süd-Ost Niedersachsen basiert. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf den Branchen: produzierendes Gewerbe, Einzelhandel und Kreislaufwirtschaft. Um die Bedarfsgerechtigkeit des Inhalts und Aufbaus des zu entwickelnden Weiterbildungskonzeptes sicherzustellen, wurden Experteninterviews mit Unternehmen und Händlern durchgeführt. Darüber hinaus wurden Workshops mit besagten Zielgruppen sowie mit Weiterbildungsanbietern durchgeführt, um Angebot und Nachfrage von Weiterbildungsmaßnahmen zu analysieren und aufeinander abzustimmen. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen wurden Weiterbildungsmaßnahmen exemplarisch entwickelt und in eine ausgewählte Lernplattform integriert.
General Control Non-derepressible 2 Alleviates Cartilage Degeneration and Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Fang Long , Wang Zhengyu , Liu Jisong , Lin Yongjie , Hao Wei
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of general control non-derepressible 2 (GCN2) on osteoarthritis (OA) in vivo and in vitro. First, anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced rat model and interleukin (IL)-1β-induced ATDC5 chondrocyte were established. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and safranin O/fast green staining were employed for analyzing the histological changes in the rat cartilage. In addition, immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining were employed for examining cartilage degeneration-, inflammation-, autophagy-, and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-associated genes expression. Moreover, 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein acetoacetic acid probe was utilized for examining the intracellular reactive oxygen species. In addition, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine assay and flow cytometry were applied for detecting chondrocyte proliferation and apoptosis IL-1β-treated ATDC5 chondrocytes. GCN2 overexpression ameliorated articular cartilage degeneration and inflammation but promoted chondrocyte autophagy in ACLT-induced OA rats. Similarly, we demonstrated that the upregulation of GCN2 could promote chondrocyte proliferation, suppress chondrocyte apoptosis, attenuate chondrocyte inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation, and promote chondrocyte autophagy. Moreover, GCN2 overexpression could inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in IL-1β-induced ATDC5 chondrocyte. Furthermore, 3-methyladenine neutralized the protective and autophagy-promoting effects of GCN2 overexpression on ATDC5 chondrocytes. GCN2 could attenuate inflammation and cartilage degeneration, promote chondrocyte autophagy, and inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation in OA.
Validation of a spring loaded probe for single and repeat pressure pain testing, including public domain specifications for design and manufacture
Authors: O’Neill Søren , Nim Casper Glissmann , Chang Natalie Hong Siu
Published: January 2024

Temporal summation of pressure pain is technically more challenging than simple pressure pain thresholds. The current study describes the design, manufacture and validation of a simple mechanical test apparatus to assess the temporal summation of deep pressure pain. We release design details into the public domain with the intention of providing free access for researchers especially in low income countries. Utility and validity of the probes were assessed by pressure application in three different experimental setups: A. Identifying potential issues which needed to be addressed to ensure a reliable test procedure (189 tests with 24 testers using four different probes). B. Selecting the most reliable target force curve (one tester conducted 20 tests). C. Estimating classic inter and intra-examiner reliability and comparing probe measures to other QST measures (repeated measures study with counterbalancing). We make recommendations on best use of the probes. Pressure pain thresholds assessed using probes were affected by anatomical test site and testing tool, but not by tester, day or session. Temporal summation of pressure pain was significantly greater than that of a single pressure application. We found no correlation between temporal summation using the probes on the Infra-Spinatus muscle and temporal summation using a pneumatic cuff on the lower leg. The probe was a useful tool for assessing pain intensity and temporal summation of pressure pain intensity, but not for pain thresholds. A number of caveats need to be considered when using the probe, including but not limited to audio cues and target ideal wave function.
Association between vitamin D and endometriosis among American women: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Xie Baoli , Liao Ming , Huang Yingqin , Hang Fu , Ma Nana , Hu Qianwen , Wang Jiawei , Jin Yufu , Qin Aiping
Published: January 2024

Endometriosis is a multifactorial disease associated with inflammation. Vitamin D has anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, anti-oxidative, and immunomodulatory effects. Whether vitamin D levels are correlated with endometriosis is a subject of ongoing debate. This study aimed to examine the association between endometriosis and serum vitamin D levels. From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, this study examined the cross-sectional data of American women aged 20–54 years from 2001 to 2006. After adjusting for covariates, multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess correlations. A total of 3,232 women were included in this study. The multiple linear regression model demonstrated a negative correlation between the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) concentration and the risk of endometriosis after controlling for all confounding variables. The odds ratio was 0.73 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.54–0.97 in the adequate vitamin D level group compared with the insufficient vitamin D level group. Our results showed that endometriosis was inversely correlated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels. Further research is needed to establish a causal relationship and determine the potential benefits of maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels for endometriosis prevention.
Antimicrobial resistance, virulence profile, and genetic analysis of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from Nile tilapia in fresh markets and supermarkets in Thailand
Authors: Hinthong Woranich , Thaotumpitak Varangkana , Sripradite Jarukorn , Indrawattana Nitaya , Srisook Thassanee , Kongngoen Thida , R. Atwill Edward , Jeamsripong Saharuetai
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Nile tilapia from fresh markets and supermarkets. A total of samples (n = 828) were collected from Nile tilapia including fish flesh (n = 276), liver and kidney (n = 276), and intestine (n = 276). Overall prevalence of fecal coliforms (61.6%) and E. coli (53.0%) were observed. High prevalence of E. coli was found in the intestine (71.4%), followed by the liver and kidney (45.7%). The highest prevalence of resistance was commonly found against tetracycline (78.5%), ampicillin (72.8%), and sulfamethoxazole (45.6%) with resistance to only tetracycline (15.2%) as the most common antibiogram. The prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) (54.4%) and Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) (5.7%) were examined. The predominant virulence genes (n = 158) were st (14.6%), followed by eaeA (0.6%). The blaTEM (73.4%), tetA (65.2%), and qnrS (57.6%). There is statistical significance between Nile tilapia from fresh markets and supermarkets. Based on logistic regression analysis, ampicillin-resistant E. coli was statistically associated with the phenotypic resistance to tetracycline and trimethoprim, and the presence of blaTEM and tetA (p < 0.05). Further investigation of AMR transference and their mechanisms is needed for AMR control.
Ruínas em cena no teatro do mundo em mutação
Authors: Luiz Cordeiro Silvio
Published: January 2024

O texto introduz reflexões que motivaram a criação da Antropocênica – uma série internacional de estudos transdisciplinares – e os principais conceitos propostos na interação entre as esferas da arqueologia, filosofia e arquitetura, para pensar sobre as cenas do drama humano na Terra.
Entrepreneurship by necessity in times of pandemic: Entrepreneurial motivation and the regulatory focus in explaining the intention to undertake
Authors: Mesquita Eduardo , Townsend Tainá , Lopes Evandro Luiz
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of the need for security on the intention to undertake when mediated by entrepreneurial motivation with the regulatory focus on college students. Methodology/approach: Using analysis of variance and linear regression tests, we conducted data analysis on both direct relationships and mediations with a sample consisting of 217 university students. Main results: We identified that the need for safety positively influences entrepreneurial motivation. We also recognized that this result occurs through the double sequential mediation of entrepreneurial motivation and regulatory focus. Thus, students with a promotional regulatory focus were more willing to undertake than those whose regulatory focus is on prevention. Theoretical/methodological contributions: Higgins and Pinelli (2020) indicated that entrepreneurship rarely uses regulatory focus theory despite it being adequate. Furthermore, the economic crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic may be a factor that influences the motivation to undertake, as it is an extrinsic motivation driven by the need for security. Relevance/originality: We identified that the need for security can trigger the motivation to undertake, making individuals present a state of promotional self-regulation. Social/management contributions: Based on the results, it can be stated that entrepreneurial education should address different types of communication in order to encourage future entrepreneurs. Clarification of the gain is commonly applied in classrooms, but no-loss communication should also be adopted.
Evaluation of rice (
Oryza sativa
L.) genotypes grown under combined salinity and submergence stresses based on vegetative stage phenotyping
Authors: Kaniz Fatema , Md. Rasel , Islam Mirza Mofazzal , Begum Shamsun Nahar , Azam Md. Golam , Hossain Mohammad Anwar , Hassan Lutful
Published: January 2024

Sixteen rice genotypes were screened against combined salinity and submergence stresses to find out potential salt-submergence tolerant genotypes. Rice seedlings were subjected to submergence stress including two salinity levels viz., EC-6 dSm-1 and EC-8 dSm-1 for 10 days. Imposition of combined stress considerably decreased the growth parameters in rice seedlings, however ACM-18, ACM-35, and RC-251 demonstrated the maximum value for growth attributes such as leaf live (%), root and shoot length, plant fresh and dry biomass. The results of correlation and regression revealed a significant and negative association of leaf lives (%), root length, fresh weight of root and shoot, and root dry weight with mean tolerance score under combined stress indicating their importance as the useful descriptors for the selection. Euclidean clustering was categorized the rice genotypes into three major clusters, i.e., A-susceptible, B-tolerant and moderately tolerant, and C-highly tolerant. Results of cluster analysis showed that the highly tolerant genotypes namely ACM-18, ACM-35, and RC-251 were placed in the same cluster. Similar results were further confirmed by principal component analysis having the highly tolerant genotypes in the same group. Combining the morphological and multivariate analysis, ACM-18, ACM-35, and RC-251 were selected as promising genotypes for developing high-yielding salt-submergence tolerant rice.
Evaluation of the frost tolerance of Hungarian-bred walnut cultivars
Authors: Szügyi-Bartha Krisztina , Bujdosó Géza , Froemel-Hajnal Veronika , Szügyi Sándor , Stefanovits-Bányai Éva , Szalay László
Published: January 2024

At present very few walnut cultivars can be said to be cosmopolitan cultivars, grown widely in the walnut-producing countries of the world. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) has poor ecological adaptability, as its cultivation is greatly influenced by low temperatures during the winter dormancy period and in early spring. The breeding activities conducted in various countries are therefore of great significance. Choosing suitable locations for cultivation is of key importance if optimum yield stability is to be achieved. The introduction of foreign walnut cultivars regularly runs into problems if, despite their high yielding ability, they are unable to adapt to the Hungarian climate. In Hungary the most critical weather events for walnuts are the frequent frosts in early spring. Buds therefore need to burst late to avoid damage to the flowers. Many papers have dealt with the frost tolerance of stone fruit, but only limited information has been published on the frost tolerance of walnut. For the first time in Hungary, artificial freezing tests were performed in the present work to determine the frost tolerance of the cultivars available in Hungary. The results could be of service to Hungarian growers in choosing the most suitable cultivar.
Biomass production, water use efficiency and nutritional value parameters of sorghum (
Sorghum bicolor
L.) genotypes as affected by seed hydro-priming and transplanting
Authors: Mirahki Isaac , Ardakani Mohammad Reza , Golzardi Farid , Paknejad Farzad , Mahrokh Ali
Published: January 2024

To investigate hydropriming and transplanting effect on biomass and nutritional content of forage sorghum, a two-year field experiment was conducted in the semiarid condition of Iran. Experimental factor consisted of planting dates (July-1st, July-11th, July-23rd, August-1st) in the main plot and the factorial combination of planting methods (direct planting, hydropriming, transplanting) with cultivars (Speedfeed and Pegah) in the subplot. Planting date postponement from 1st of July to 10th of July, 23rd of July, and 1st of August, respectively, caused 16.1, 32.5 and 47.2% reduction in dry matter yield (DMY) and 7.4, 20.2, and 35.1% reduction in water use efficiency of DMY production (WUEDMY). Hydropriming and transplanting produced 23.6 and 22.4% more DMY, 24.5 and 21.8% more WUEDMY, 24 and 16.3% more crude protein yield, 22.7 and 20.9% more digestible dry matter (DDM) yield, and 22.2 and 20.1% more metabolic energy (ME) yield, compared to the direct planting. Hydropriming compared to direct planting caused 29% increase in plant growth rate and utilized growing season more productively than transplanting for DMY production. Conclusively, hydropriming and transplanting compensated for delay in planting through enhancing and accelerating germination and plant development but, applying hydropriming on Speedfeed and planting in July-1st caused the highest DMY, WUEDMY and the yield of nutritive parameters.
Diversity and distribution of wild mushrooms in different forest areas of Bankura district, WB, India
Authors: Ganguly Arindam , Nad Susmita , Singha Krishanu , Pathak Rituparna , Hazra Palash , Singha Pritha , Dhua Priti , Mohapatra Pradeep Kumar Das , Mandal Asish
Published: January 2024

Mushrooms are macroscopic fruit bodies of fungi; one of the most diverse groups of living organisms distributed all over the world. In recent past, they have gained significant scientific attention for their profound nutraceutical potentiality. The objective of the present study was to explore the diversity and ecological distribution of mushrooms in different forest areas of Bankura district. The study area includes intermittent dense forest and flood plains from middle-east to eastern part of Bankura district. However, this area received very little attention from a conservation perspective, and there is no such documentation on mushrooms of this area. The survey was conducted from August 2019 to October 2020 including vivid field surveys in the forest depots. The study has revealed a total of 53 identified mushroom species belonging to 40 genera and 30 families. The study has also identified 25 edible, 18 inedible and 15 medicinally potential mushrooms. The genus Russula and the family Russulaceae dominates the myco-population. The finding shows that this region is rich in macrofungal diversity complicatedly linked to the functioning of the local ecosystem. The present study opens new possibilities regarding the exploration and utilization of wild mushrooms in India.
Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of saffron (
Crocus sativus
) plants along with age of plantation in Taliouine region in Morocco
Authors: Ourras Samah , EL Gabardi Soumaya , El Aymani Ismail , Mouden Najoua , Chliyeh Mohamed , Selmaoui Karima , Msairi Soukaina , Benkirane Rachid , El Modafar Cherkaoui , Ouazzani Touhami Amina , Douira Allal
Published: January 2024

Saffron cultivation is a viable alternative for marginal areas where low soil fertility and water availability severely limit the cultivation of other crops with higher water and input requirments. Under these conditions, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are an essential alternative for maintaining fertility and water conservation, stimulating growth, and providing plant protection against soil-borne diseases. The aim of this work is to highlight the diversity of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities associated with saffron roots in plantations of different ages (two, four and ten years old) in the region of Taliouine (Morocco). The highest number of endomycorrhizal spores was recorded in the rhizosphere of saffron plants harvested at the level of plots that have carried saffron for two years (138.66/100 g soil), while the lowest number was observed in the rhizosphere of plants of plots that are occupied for 10 years by saffron. All collected spores from plots under study represent 17 morphotypes belonging to 5 genera: Glomus (7 species), Acaulospora (7 species), Rhizophagus (one species), Densicitata (one species), and Funneliformis (one species).
Chemical analyses of two plant essential oils and their effects on functional response of
Habrobracon hebetor
Say to
Sitotroga cerealella
Olivier larvae
Authors: Heidarian Mehdi , Masoumi Seyed-Mohammad , Asadi Mohammad
Published: January 2024

Salvia officinalis L. and Glycyrrhiza glabra L. are two valuable medicinal plants from Kermanshah province in Iran. In this study, chemical analyses of their essential oils were performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the effects investigated on functional response of Habrobracon hebetor Say on larval stage of Sitotroga cerealella Olivier. Accordingly, emerged females of H. hebetor were treated by LC30 of the isolated essential oils for 24 h. Then, six wasps were accidentally selected and introduced to densities of host larvae for 24 h. The results showed that naphthalene, decahydro-4a-methyl and alpha-thujone were dominant compounds in both essential oils, respectively. Holling model (1959) by using regression analyses confirmed functional response type III in the control wasps and type II in both essential oils treatments. The highest and lowest attack rates were observed in the control wasps (0.0443 ± 0.00278 h-1) and S. officinalis treatment (0.0349 ± 0.00257 h-1), respectively. Moreover, the treated wasps by G. glabra essential oil showed shorter handling time than S. officinalis treatment (0.4497 ± 0.0373 h versus 0.5196 ± 0.0589 h). Accordingly, G. glabra due to lower negative effects on the functional response of H. hebetor was more compatible than S. officinalis for their combination in integrated pest management schedules.