bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Portfolio investment based on probabilistic multi-objective optimization and uniform design for experiments with mixtures
Authors: Zheng Maosheng , Yu Jie
Published: June 2023

Introduction/purpose: In this paper, a new approach to solving the portfolio investment problem is formulated to handle simultaneous optimization of both maximizing the rate of return and minimizing the variance of the rate of return. Probability - based multi - objective optimization is combined with uniform design for experiments with mixtures to conduct processing. Methods: Preliminarily, probability - based multi - objective optimization is employed to synthesize the bi-objective problem of simultaneous optimization of both maximizing the rate of return and minimizing the variance of the rate of return into a single objective one of the total preferable probability of each alternative scenario. The total preferable probability is the product of all partial preferable probabilities of each performance utility; subsequently, the method of uniform design for experiments with mixtures is used to create a set of effective sampling points for the portfolio investment problem to provide discretization in data processing and simplifying treatment, of which the proportion xi follows the constraint condition of xl + x2 + x3．．．+ xs = 1 with the total number of variables s for xi. Results: The new approach is used to deal with the portfolio Investment problem that is, in essence, simultaneous optimization of both maximizing the rate of return and minimizing the variance of the rate of return, which leads to reasonable consequences. The results are with the quality of rationality from the respect of the probability theory for simultaneous optimization of multiple objectives. Conclusion: This method naturally reflects the essence of the portfolio investment problem and opens a new way of solving the relevant problem.
Numerical analysis of the penetration process of a 30mm armor-piercing projectile
Authors: Pantović Predrag , Živković Miroslav , Milovanović Vladimir , Miloradović Nenad
Published: June 2023

Introduction/purpose: Thin plates made of high-strength steel are frequently used both in civil and military ballistic protection systems. In order to choose an appropriate type of alloy, it is necessary to fulfil a number of criteria, such as the condition of use, the desired ballistic performance, weight, dimensions, and price. This paper presents a numerical analysis of the penetration of a 30mm armor-piercing projectile with a velocity of 750m/s into steel alloy Weldox 460 plates of different thicknesses at a distance of 1000m . Methods: The analysis has been performed using numerical methods and finite element modeling to calculate stresses and deformation caused by the penetration effect. For defining material characteristics, the Johnson-Cook material model and the fracture of materials model have been used. In this paper, the software packages FEMAP and LS Dyna have been used for defining models and performing numerical calculations. Results: The results of the performed numerical analysis as well as the obtained stress and displacement values are presented for four different armor plate thicknesses: 30mm, 33mm, 34mm, and 40mm. The results show a penetration effect and an interaction between the projectile and the armor plate. Conclusion: Modeling the impact on armor-piercing obstacles is very complex, extensive, and demanding, and the formed models approximate the real problem of projectile penetration in a very successful way (or with a certain deviation). In recent times, the analysis using the finite element method has proven to be one of effective approaches to solving such and similar problems. The material and the dimensions of the obstacle, as well as the material and the ballistic parameters of the projectile have the greatest influence on projectile penetration. Keeping all the input parameters at the same level and increasing the thickness of the target leads to its increased resistance to penetration.
Image clutter metrics and target acquisition performance
Authors: Bondžulić Boban , Bujaković Dimitrije , Mihajlović Jovan
Published: June 2023

Introduction/purpose: Measuring target acquisition performance in imaging systems with human-in-the-loop plays an essential role in military applications. This paper presents an extended review on the application of image clutter metrics for target acquisition, with the aim of using objective measures to predict the detection probability, false alarm probability and mean search time of the target in the image. Methods: To determine the degree of clutter, simple features on the global (picture-wise) and local (target-wise) level were used as well as contrast-based clutter metrics, target size and metrics derived from image quality assessment measures. Along with the standard ones, the features derived from the distribution of mean subtracted contrast normalized coefficients were also used. To compare the results of the objective scores and the experimental results obtained on the publicly available Search_2 dataset, regression laws accepted in the literature were applied. Linear correlations and rank correlations were used as quantitative measures of agreement. Results: It is shown that the best agreement with target acquisition indicators is obtained by applying clutter metrics derived from image quality assessment measures. The correlation with the results of subjective tests is up to 90%, which indicates the need for further research. A special contribution of the paper is the analysis of the target acquisition prediction performance using simple features at the global and local level, where it is shown that the prediction performance can be improved by determining the features around the target. Furthermore, it was shown that the false alarm probability and the probability of detection can be predicted based on the mean target search time in the image with a probability higher than 90%. Conclusion: In addition to obtaining a high degree of agreement between the objective metrics of clutter and the results of subjective tests (up to 90%), there is a need to improve the existing and develop new metrics as well as to conduct new subjective tests.
Development and validation of the Interpersonal Emotion Regulation for Couples Scale (SIERC) in the Spanish population
Authors: Mónaco Estefanía , Tamarit Alicia , Montoya-Castilla Inmaculada
Published: June 2023

Antecedents

Interpersonal emotional regulation (IER) is the deliberate attempt to influence others’ emotions. There is not enough research on IER in the context of romantic couples.

Aim

The aim of the present study was to develop and validate an instrument to assess couples’ IER and understanding its functioning at both an individual and dyadic level.

Method

Participants were 764 adults and 91 dyads. Three studies were carried out: first, to study the psychometric properties of the scale and its validity; second, to understand the functioning of the scale at a dyadic level; third, to analyse the predictive capacity of the instrument.

Results

Our 11-item scale has four factors: observe, ask, validate, and soothe feelings. These factors are doubly evaluated: as an agent (SIERC-A) and as a target (SIERC-B). The scale showed good psychometric properties and adequate internal consistency. It presents convergent validity with emotional competences, and divergent validity with emotional dysregulation and insecure attachment. At a dyadic level, there is an actor-partner effect of IER on couple adjustment. Finally, IER seems to predict relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and life satisfaction.

Discussion

This new instrument can be a useful tool for assessment and intervention in couple therapy and research.
Research on the Effectiveness of Some Fungicides and Insecticides in Combating of Some Diseases and Pests of Rape in Cristian Commune - Brașov County
Authors: Zală Cristinel Relu , Cotuna Otilia , Paraschivu Mirela , Istrate Rada , Manole Mali-Sanda
Published: June 2023

In Romanian agricultural production, autumn rape is in present an indispensable component of crop rotations because helps to maintain soil fertility and contributes to sustainable production therefore. Behavior against fungal diseases and insect pests for modern rape varieties represents an essential agronomic property. Rape pest and disease control is a priority to minimize quantitative and qualitative production losses. In plant protection, fungicides and insecticides must to be used only when is necessary and at optimal times and doses. The notations were made during the vegetation period of 2020, 2021 and 2022. Both fungicides applied (125 g/l azoxistrobin + 125 g/l difenoconazol and 125g/l fluopiram + 125 g/l protioconazol) showed high efficacy against alternaria, black leg and powdery mildew, and in the variants where both fungicides were applied, the highest efficacy was 98.8% against black leg and 98.9% anti powdery-mildew. The effectiveness of the two insecticides applied (240 g/l tiacloprid and 5% lambda-cihalotrin) varied between 87.2 and 97.3 against Ceutorhynchus napi, C. assimilis, Phyllotreta atra, Ph. nemorum and Brevicoryne brassicae.
Diversity of Click Beetle Associated with Maize and Sunflower Crops from South and SouthEastern Romania
Authors: Iamandei Maria , Rujescu Ciprian Ioan
Published: June 2023

Wireworms are considered key pests in agriculture across Europe, and are particularly important in Romania for maize and sunflower crops in favorable years. The present study aimed to evaluate the structure of the click beetle (Coleoptera:Elateridae) fauna associated with corn and sunflower crops in the south and south-east of Romania, based on the specimens collected during 5 years (2015-2019), in 25 plots from 9 localities belonging to 3 counties. The analysed material included a number of over 3000 specimens and the results showed a significantly high click beetles diversity represented by 16 species and a variety assigned to 9 genera and 8 subfamilies. At regional scale, dominant species were found: Agriotes ustulatus (22.15%), Drasterius bimaculatus (19.17%), Agriotes sputator (14.4%), Agriotes obscurus (11.45%), Agriotes lineatus (9.72%) and Selatosomus latus (8.84%). The analysis of the data highlights the similarity between the Elateridae communities in Călăraşi and Ialomița Counties, where the dominant species were A. ustulatus and A. sputator, and their net difference with the click-beetles communities in Constanța County, where the dominant species were D. bimaculatus, S. latus and A. sputator. The obtained results represent the starting point of a database on the wireworm fauna associated with maize and sunflower crops in Southern Romania, and bring basic information’s needed for further development of Integrated Pest Management.
FRONTEIRA BRASILEIRA E O CONTRABANDO DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE CORONAVÍRUS
Authors: Weiss Eliel , Alcantara Felipe da Silva
Published: June 2023

Diante da maior crise mundial, na área da saúde, do século XXI, devido à pandemia do Coronavírus (COVID-19), que ocasionou o fechamento das fronteiras terrestres do Brasil com os 10 países da América do Sul, com quem faz divisa de território, além do distanciamento social que gerou uma série de problemas econômicos, era esperado uma redução na criminalidade transfronteiriça, o que não ocorreu. O Brasil que é um país de dimensões continentais, acaba sendo rota do contrabando com os países com quem faz fronteira, e, com o trancamento destas, a criminalidade acabou se reinventando para escoar estes ilícitos que fazem girar a economia informal. Correndo maiores riscos de serem apreendidos pelos órgãos de segurança pública, que investem, cada vez mais, na área de inteligência, e, em consequência das dificuldades logísticas, gerada pelo trancamento das fronteiras terrestres, não houve redução desse tipo de criminalidade, o que demanda o estudo dos seus motivos.
Ruth Sheridan. The Figure of Abraham in John 8: Text and Intertext
Authors: Siker Jeffrey S.
Published: June 2023

No abstract is available.
Paula Fredriksen. When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation
Authors: Tanzer Sarah , Cathey Robert
Published: June 2023

No abstract is available.
Gavin D’Costa. Catholic Doctrines on the Jewish People After Vatican II
Authors: Zhai Yujia (Sam)
Published: June 2023

No abstract is available.
Det indiske forbillede
Authors: Henschen Daniel
Published: June 2023

Nobelpristageren Tagore er en af det moderne Indiens mest indflydelsesrige forfattere, og en central politisk og social tænker. Artiklen analyserer den danske offentligheds reaktion på digterens tre besøg og værker. Målet er i første omgang at afdække den umiddelbare danske receptionshistorie for en af verdenslitteraturens store skikkelser, men datidens store interesse og positive holdning til en ikke-europæisk og erklæret antikolonialistisk tænker er også en case på Indiens ellers ret ubeskrevne rolle i mellemkrigstidens offentlige debat – og kan som sådan bidrage til at kaste lys over et hjørne af den danske offentligheds relation til kolonialismen og den ikke-vestlige verden.
Migrantfortællinger om 'at høre til' og 'høre hjemme'
Authors: Christensen Ann-Dorte , Jensen Bente , Özkaya Betül
Published: June 2023

Gennem livsfortællinger sætter artiklen fokus på spørgsmålet om tilhørsforhold og på hjemmets betydning som ramme om at skabe en hverdag i en ny kontekst, som man tvunget eller frivilligt har bevæget sig til. Artiklen rejser spørgsmålet om, hvordan der skabes tilknytning til en by som Aalborg, hvilke in- og eksklusionsprocesser der gør sig gældende i dagligdagen, samt hvilke betydninger hjemmet har. Desuden tematiserer artiklen, hvordan erindringer fra oprindelseslande og ruterne til Aalborg inddrages, når der knyttes bånd til nye steder og skabes et nyt hjem.
Modernitet, velfærdsstat og den potentielle atomkrig efter 1945
Authors: Rostgaard Marianne , Lind Christensen Ivan
Published: June 2023

Vi ønsker med denne artikel at bidrage til en diskussion om, hvordan relationen mellem stat og borger potentielt forandredes i perioden efter 1945 set i lyset af truslen om en atomkrig. I både den internationale og den danske litteratur om frygten for en atomkrig bliver der peget på, hvordan civilforsvarslige foranstaltninger var med til at konstruere den ideelle atomalderborger som en borger, der i givet fald skulle og ville agere rationelt. Artiklen bidrager til en diskussion af, hvad det var for en ideel borger, der konstrueredes i en dansk kontekst, og hvilken betydning de mulige, overordnede kontekstualiseringer kan have for tolkningen heraf. Ved at relatere atomfry og civilforsvar til henholdsvis den velfærdsstatslige udvikling og til ændringer i moderniteten forfølger vi spørgsmålet om, hvilke forestillinger om samfundsmæssig rationalitet og orden, som den ideelle borger skulle indgå i.
TbsNet: the importance of thin-branch structures in CNNs
Authors: Hu Xiujian , Sheng Guanglei , Shi Piao , Ding Yuanyuan
Published: June 2023

The performance of a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is influenced by several factors, such as depth, width, network structure, size of the receptive field, and feature map scaling. The optimization of the best combination of these factors poses as the main difficulty in designing a viable architecture. This article presents an analysis of key factors influencing network performance, offers several strategies for constructing an efficient convolutional network, and introduces a novel architecture named TbsNet (thin-branch structure network). In order to minimize computation costs and feature redundancy, lightweight operators such as asymmetric convolution, pointwise convolution, depthwise convolution, and group convolution are implemented to further reduce the network’s weight. Unlike previous studies, the TbsNet architecture design rejects the reparameterization method and adopts a plain, simplified structure which eliminates extraneous branches. We conduct extensive experiments, including network depth, width, etc. TbsNet performs well on benchmark platforms, Top 1 Accuracy on CIFAR-10 is 97.02%, on CIFAR-100 is 83.56%, and on ImageNet-1K is 86.17%. Tbs-UNet’s DSC on the Synapse dataset is 78.39%, higher than TransUNet’s 0.91%. TbsNet can be competent for some downstream tasks in computer vision, such as medical image segmentation, and thus is competitive with prior state-of-the-art deep networks such as ResNet, ResNeXt, RepVgg, ParNet, ConvNeXt, and MobileNet.
Root Segment Cuttings of Bombax costatum Pellegr. & Vuillet: Effects of Diameter and Alignment
Authors: Guidawa Fawa , Zéphirin Oumarou Hamam , Rodrigue Madi Ameti Dawaï , Baptiste Binwe Jean , Marie Mapongmetsem Pierre
Published: June 2023

Bombax costatum is a very important agroforestry species in the Guinean savannahs highland of Adamawa. The objective of this work is to contribute to the domestication of this species by cuttings of root segment. The cuttings of root segment of this species were carried out according to a split-plot design with three replications. The diameter range of cuttings used (0.5-1.1 cm; 1.2-2 cm and 2.1-3.8 cm) and the alignment of the cuttings (vertical, horizontal and oblique) in the substrate consisting of sand/sawdust represented the main treatment and the secondary treatment respectively. The experimental unit was 10 cuttings. The result showed that cuttings with large diameters between 2.1 and 3.8 cm (62.22±1.75%) are the best for budding. The diameter significantly influences the budding of the cuttings (0.0004 < 0.001). Regarding the alignment of the cuttings in the substrate, the maximum budding (52.22±2.01%) is obtained in those placed in an oblique alignment. However, this alignment did not significantly influence the budding of root segment cuttings (0.33 > 0.05). Regarding the rooting of cuttings, a high rate (28.88±1.36%) is observed in cuttings whose diameter class is between 2.1 and 3.8 cm. The diameter range significantly influences rooting (0.002 < 0.01). The alignment of the cuttings in the substrate did not significantly impact the rooting of the cuttings (0.90 > 0.05). These results show that vegetative propagation of Bombax costatum from root segment cuttings is possible. This is an important step for the domestication of this species.
Study the Functional and Nutritional Assessment of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Based Muffins
Authors: Raj Rishabh , Singh Sury Pratap , Murarka Shristi
Published: June 2023

The research investigation entitled “Study the Functional and nutritional assessment of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) based muffins” was conducted in the Department of Food Technology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, during the year 2022-2023 under different experiments. In order to achieve the purpose of the research, a number of laboriously carried out experiments were standardized nutritional assessment. During chemical analysis of developed product, the storage research in ambient temperature and refrigeration temperature could be examined including the general decrease in protein and fat in the ranged of (8.28% to 7.38%) and (7.48% to 6.58%). Whereas, moisture would rosed by (3%) ranged from (27% to 27.9%). Respectively in refrigeration temperature the overall fat and protein were increase in ranged (8.28% to 9.18%) and (7.48 to 8.38%) and moisture content were decreased by (3%) can be ranged (27% to 26.1%). Whereas, overall ash can be identified in ranged from (1.4% to 0.5%). While analysing produced goods with different mineral concentrations, such as calcium (27.91%), utilising flame photometry. Throughout the experiment, iron (6.42%), zinc (20.48%), and magnesium (1.94%), respectively, will be investigated using colorimetric methods. We also performed, microbiological quality of the created product, sugar-free sorghum muffins, was assessed using the total plate count (TPC) technique, which revealed an overall quantity of 5200 Cfu/100g. Whereas, another test will be FT-IR analysis, the data depicts a peak in the absorbance wave length spectrum that was detected between 2925 cm-1 in ranged 2928 cm-1 with presence of methyl group. A set of proteins were seen in the strong peak at 1646.18 cm-1 in the region of 1651 cm-1. Starch was the main cause of the vibration of C-C and C-O at 1019.7cm-1, respectively the strong peak 1417cm-1 and 1150.04cm-1 ranged from 1400 to 1150.04 cm-1 O-C-H; C-C-H; C-O-H with presence of starch.
Adoption of Scientific Practices in Fish Farming in Telangana State, India
Authors: Uttej Dubany , Sailaja A. , Savitha B. , Sagar G. E. Ch. Vidya , Meena A. , Rajani V.
Published: June 2023

The study was undertaken in six districts of Telangana state viz. Karimnagar, Kamareddy, Medak, Wanaparthy, Mahabubabad and Yadadri Bhuvanagiri during 2019-2022 with an aim to study the extent of adoption of scientific fish farming practices. Ten fish farmers were selected from each of the selected districts using simple random sampling technique thus constituting 60 fish farmers. A structured questionnaire was used to collect responses about the adoption of scientific fish farming specifically based on preliminary survey as well as focus group discussions. The results depicted that nearly half (48.33%) had medium level of adoption followed by high (38.33%) and low (13.34%) level of adoption respectively. The variables such as fish farming experience, annual income, Pond size, Economic motivation and innovativeness reflected the strong association and effect on the extent of adoption.
Effect of Addition of Strawberry Pulp on Sensory Attributes of Kulfi
Authors: Sontakke M. M. , Narwade S. G. , Zine P. L.
Published: June 2023

It is decided to undertake research work on “Effect of addition of strawberry pulp on sensory attributes of kulfi” because strawberry pulp is an excellent source of vitamin C and manganese. They also qualified as a very good source of dietary fiber and iodine as well as a good source of potassium, folate, riboflavin, vitamin B5, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin B6, vitamin K, magnesium, and copper. The different levels of Strawberry Pulp 10, 15, 20 and 25 per cent were tried in buffalo milk Kulfi. The product obtained was subjected for organoleptic evaluation by panel of judges. It was discovered that the flavour score for treatment T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4 was 8.16, 8.25, 8.48, 8.18 and 7.90 respectively. Colour and Appearance was 8.51, 8.44, 8.57, 8.23 and 7.69, respectively. Body and texture was 8.24, 8.42, 8.58, 8.22 and 7.90, respectively. T0, T1, T2, T3, and T4 had overall acceptance scores of 8.30, 8.37, 8.53, and 8.18 and 7.82, respectively. The level of 15 Strawberry Pulp had the highest overall acceptance.
Effect of Organic Mulches on Yield, Water Productivity and Economy of Garden Pea Cultivars
Authors: Parida Pradosh Kumar , Ray Lala I. P. , Shirisha K.
Published: June 2023

Mulching techniques that are adaptive and extremely successful may be able to reduce the detrimental impacts of crop production and water stress on different varieties of peas in a climate change scenario. Field experiment was carried out in the Umroi region of Meghalaya during the rabi season (2020–2021) for this reason. This study used a split-plot design with three organic mulches as the main plot treatment and four pea types as the sub-plot treatments, which was replicated three times. The field trial showed that paddy straw mulch significantly outperformed both weed mulch and no mulch in terms of green pod yield, water productivity, and benefit cost ratio, with values of 89.33, 54.14 kg ha-1 mm-1, and 3.16, respectively.VM 12 greatly topped other cultivars in terms of green pod yield, water productivity, and benefit-cost ratio (BCR), with values of 89.78 kg ha-1, 54.41 kg ha-1 mm-1 and 3.33, respectively. The investigation showed that the best alternative agronomic strategy for achieving the maximum yield output of garden pea was paddy straw mulch, followed by weed mulch and un-mulch.
The Growth Characteristic of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Genotypes and Varieties Grown under Prayagraj Agro-climatic Conditions
Authors: Choubey Sanket Raja , Bahadur Vijay , Topno Samir E. , Kerketta Anita
Published: June 2023

The experiment was carried out at Horticulture Research Field, Department of Horticulture, during the year 2022. This experiment was conducted to find out the best performing genotypes in relation of growth, yield and quality of cucumber. Seven cucumber genotypes such as IET, 2021/CUCUVAR-1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and three check variety namely NAZIA,LHC-1395 and MALINI were studied at SHUATS, Prayagraj in randomized block design with three replications in 4.5 x 3.0 m plot during summer season 2022 to find out the best performing genotype in related to growth, yield and fruit quality traits. NAZIA was found with the maximum fruit weight (247.67g), Fruit length (18.37cm), Fruit yield per plot (43.64 kg), Fruit yield (326.40 q/ha). NAZIA was found superior based on overall performance in term of growth, yield and quality and highest net return (3,33,718 Rs/ha). The highest cost benefit ratio (3.14) was found in cucumber NAZIA variety.
LWMH Use in Elderly Patient with Normal Kidney Function Affects Serum Sodium and Potassium Levels: A Case Report
Authors: Michael Kim , Leslie Wu , Victor Loi
Published: June 2023

An 87-year-old female with a history of paraplegia/neurogenic bladder, chronic left leg wound infection, and recurrent UTI, was admitted with a primary problem of frequent falls and found to have COVID-19 infection. Upon admission, the patient was given enoxaparin for DVT prophylaxis for hypercoagulability due to COVID-19. After 3 days of initiation of enoxaparin, the patient experienced hyponatremia with trending upward levels of potassium. It was believed to be due to the furosemide and was discontinued. Despite furosemide discontinuation, the patient continued down trending of serum sodium and an uptrend of potassium occurred. After 24 hours of discontinued enoxaparin, the sodium and potassium levels plateaued. We believe this patient experienced LMWH-induced hypoaldosteronism.
Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Growth, Yield and Quality of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cv. Winter Dawn
Authors: Kaveri Akula , Mishra Saket
Published: June 2023

Strawberries are small, typically heart-shaped fruits with a bright red skin. Strawberries are not only delicious but also packed with nutrients. Strawberries are versatile and can be enjoyed in various ways. They are commonly used in desserts like pies, cakes, and ice cream. The present investigation was laid out on the experimental site of Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology & Sciences, Naini, Prayagraj (UP), during 2022-23. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the best treatment among GA3, NAA, Brassinosteroid on strawberry variety winter dawn. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Design having 10 treatments and replicated 3 times.  The effects of these treatments were noted on number of leaves, plant height, flowering, fruiting and fruit quality and yield attributes of Strawberry. The results of experimentation confirmed the efficiency of growth regulators for better fruit growth attributes, yield and quality of strawberry variety Winter Dawn. The study revealed that at BRs @100 ppm significantly increased the size, quality of the fruits as well as yield per plant and yield per hectare. Maximum TSS was found in the treatment T9 BRs @100 ppm. significantly increased number of fruits per plant. Among various concentrations of growth regulators, the treatment BRs @100 ppm was found significantly superior over all other treatments.
The Association Between Meningioma and Breast Cancer
Authors: Degeneffe Aurélie , De Maertelaer Viviane , De Witte Olivier , Lefranc Florence
Published: June 2023

Importance

A potential relationship between meningioma and breast cancer was suggested 70 years ago. However, to date, no conclusive evidence is available on this topic.

Objective

To provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the association of meningioma with breast cancer, supported by a meta-analysis.

Data Sources

A systematic PubMed search was performed up to April 2023 to identify articles on the association of meningioma with breast cancer. The following key words were used strategically:meningioma,breast cancer,breast carcinoma,association,relation.

Study Selection

All studies reporting women diagnosed with meningioma and breast cancer were identified. The search strategy was not limited by study design or publication date but only included articles in English. Additional articles were identified via citation searching. Studies reporting a complete population of meningiomas or breast cancer patients throughout a specific study period and a proportion of patients with a second pathology could be used for the meta-analysis.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Data extraction was performed by 2 authors in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) statement. Meta-analyses regarding both populations were performed using a random-effects model. Risk of bias was assessed.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The main measures were whether there was an increased prevalence of breast cancer in female patients with meningioma and whether there was an increased prevalence of meningioma in female patients with breast cancer.

Results

A total of 51 retrospective studies (case reports, case series, and cancer registry reports) describing 2238 patients with both diseases were identified; 18 studies qualified for prevalence analyses and meta-analysis. The random-effects meta-analysis (13 studies) revealed a significantly greater prevalence of breast cancer in female patients with meningioma than in the overall population (odds ratio [OR], 9.87; 95% CI, 7.31-13.32). Meningioma incidence in patients with breast cancer (11 studies) was greater than that in the baseline population; however, the difference according to the random-effects model was not statistically significant (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 0.99-2.02).

Conclusions and Relevance

This large systematic review and the meta-analysis on the association between meningioma and breast cancer found nearly 10-fold higher odds of breast cancer in female patients with meningioma compared with the general female population. These findings suggest that female patients with meningioma should be screened more intensively for breast cancer. Further research is required to identify the factors causing this association.
Exploring changes in violence across two waves of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Richmond, VA
Authors: West Samuel J. , Wood Ariel M. , Aboutanos Michel B. , Thomson Nicholas D.
Published: June 2023

The first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic carried with it an increase in violence in the United States and abroad. The proportion of violence cases involving firearms also increased during this time, yet little research has examined these effects using data from the second wave of COVID infections. Explanations for these documented increases in gun violence put forward by scholars include increased firearm purchases, alcohol consumption, unemployment, and organized crime activity. The current work examined these trends in Richmond, VA. We collected data on patients (N = 1744) presenting with violent injuries from 2018 to 2022 from the emergency department of a Level‐1 Trauma Center in Richmond, VA. Data were coded on the basis of whether they presented before the pandemic, during the first wave, or during the second wave. Logistic binomial regressions revealed that the risk of gunshot wounds increased by 32% during the first wave and 44% during the second wave, relative to the pre‐COVID period, but that the increase between the first and second wave was not significant. These findings held after controlling for victim age, race, sex, and injury severity. Further analyses revealed that these effects were specific to violent injury, as we found no increase in firearm use among self‐injury cases. The heightened violence reported during the COVID‐19 pandemic was also observed in Richmond, VA. Gun violence in particular increased over time as other forms of violence (i.e., assaults, stabbings, and self‐harm) decreased.
Glass, Ceramic, Polymeric, and Composite Scaffolds with Multiscale Porosity for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Jeyachandran Dhanalakshmi , Cerruti Marta
Published: June 2023

Porosity affects performance of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering both in vitro and in vivo. Macropores (i.e., pores with a diameter >100 μm) are essential for cellular infiltration; micropores (i.e., pores with a diameter of 1–10 μm) promote cell adhesion and facilitate nutrient absorption. Scaffolds containing both macropores and micropores exploit the advantages of both pore sizes and have excellent osteogenic properties. Nanopores (i.e., pores with a diameter of 1–50 nm) can be included as well, to improve cell–material interactions by further enhancing the surface area of the scaffold. This article reviews fabrication techniques and properties of scaffolds with multiscale porosity, focusing on glass, ceramic, polymeric, and composite scaffolds. After discussing the structure of bone and how it inspired scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, pore nomenclature is introduced. Then, the techniques used to induce multiscale porosity, the nature of the pores created, and the effects of scaffold porosity on mechanical properties and biological activity of the scaffolds are discussed. The review concludes by providing an outlook for this field, including advancements that are made possible by computational modeling and artificial intelligence.
High‐Throughput Nanoindentation Mapping of a Microsegregated CoCrFeNi Multi‐Principal Element Alloy (MPEA): Challenges and Limitations
Authors: Lassinantti Gualtieri Magdalena , Colombini Elena , Testa Veronica , Bolelli Giovanni , Giovanardi Roberto , Veronesi Paolo
Published: June 2023

Equimolar CoCrFeNi is a popular multi‐principal element alloy, generally obtained by melt‐aided routes. The dendritic microstructure of as‐cast alloys is cooling‐rate dependent and thus may show different macromechanical behaviors. Knowledge about the nanomechanics of chemically/structurally distinct zones is important for explaining these differences and facilitating material's design through processing conditions. To this aim, high‐throughput nanoindentation mapping is a potentially powerful tool. However, results are possibly biased by the indentation size effect (ISE) and plastically deformed surfaces induced by inadequate sample preparation. This work is aimed at giving some guidelines for map acquisition and sample preparation based on data from various nanoindentation techniques (i.e., high‐throughput nanoindentation, continuous stiffness, and quasi‐static measurements) collected on differently polished surfaces. It is shown that conventional metallographic preparation leads to a plastically deformed layer that penetrates deep into the surface (11–17 μm). Electropolishing is efficient in removing this layer. However, difficulties may arise due to preferential corrosion in a multiphase system wherefore polishing conditions needs optimization. Nanoindentations of adequately prepared surfaces of CoCrFeNi result in an important ISE, which affects measurements at depths lower than ca 2000 nm. This must be taken into account when performing high‐throughput nanoindentation mapping of this material.
A High‐Precision, Low‐Voltage Pulsed Field Ablation Device with Capability of Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors: Xu Mengfei , Song Ziliang , Hong Wen , Wang Longchun , Jiang Chunpeng , Yang Bin , Qin Mu , Liu Jingquan
Published: June 2023

Pulsed field ablation is a novel approach to treating 33.5 million patients with atrial fibrillation and offers a tissue‐specific advantage over conventional radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation. However, for complex structural targets in the heart, current electrodes often damage non‐target areas due to inaccurate ablation and have to employ electrical pulses with amplitudes of several kilovolts. Herein, materials and designs of a catheter‐integrated microelectrode and sensors that can be used for high‐precision and low‐voltage pulsed field ablation through minimally invasive operation on a large animal model, is reported. The device with a new electrode configuration supports point‐by‐point ablation with a width of 3.8 mm (≈1/10 that of a typical ablation electrode) for individual lesions at the voltage of 300 V (an order of magnitude reduction compared to the current state‐of‐the‐art). More impressively, the integrated catheter allows for pulsed field ablation on the large animal heart through minimally invasive surgery and blocks the electrical conduction pathway on the heart, which is the key to treating atrial fibrillation. This catheter‐integrated device will enhance the efficiency and safety of pulsed field ablation, especially for complex cardiac structures, thus facilitating its move to the clinic.
Design of Mitoxantrone‐Loaded Biomimetic Nanocarrier with Sequential Photothermal/Photodynamic/Chemotherapy Effect for Synergized Immunotherapy
Authors: Xu Wenxuan , Li Dongdong , Chen Chaoran , Wang Junxia , Wei Xinhua , Yang Xianzhu
Published: June 2023

Metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis and high mortality with no effective treatment options, and immunotherapy is highly anticipated as a potential treatment but is limited by the lack of tumor‐infiltrating T lymphocytes in TNBC. Herein, red blood cell (RBC) membrane‐camouflaged polyphosphoester (PPE) nanoparticles (RBC@PPEMTO/PFA) are prepared as the nanocarriers of mitoxantrone (MTO) and perfluoroalkane (PFA) for synergized immunotherapy. The encapsulated MTO can generate heat and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to achieve photothermal and photodynamic therapy; moreover, ROS further triggers the self‐accelerating release of MTO from the ROS‐sensitive PPE core to enable chemotherapy. The RBC@PPEMTO/PFA‐mediated sequential photothermal/photodynamic/chemotherapy efficiently promotes the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into TNBC tumor tissue and synergizes the therapeutic activity of an immune checkpoint blockade antibody for metastatic TNBC treatment in distant and lung metastasis models. This biomimetic nanomedicine of MTO provides a convenient and available strategy to sensitize TNBC to immune checkpoint blockade antibody.
Toward Stable p‐Type Thiophene‐Based Organic Electrochemical Transistors
Authors: Zhang Silan , Ding Penghui , Ruoko Tero‐Petri , Wu Ruiheng , Stoeckel Marc‐Antoine , Massetti Matteo , Liu Tiefeng , Vagin Mikhail , Meli Dilara , Kroon Renee , Rivnay Jonathan , Fabiano Simone
Published: June 2023

Operational stability is essential for the success of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) in bioelectronics. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a common electrochemical side reaction that can compromise the stability of OECTs, but the relationship between ORR and materials degradation is poorly understood. In this study, the impact of ORR on the stability and degradation mechanisms of thiophene‐based OECTs is investigated. The findings show that an increase in pH during ORR leads to the degradation of the polymer backbone. By using a protective polymer glue layer between the semiconductor channel and the aqueous electrolyte, ORR is effectively suppressed and the stability of the OECTs is significantly improved, resulting in current retention of nearly 90% for ≈2 h cycling in the saturation regime.
A Guideline to Mitigate Interfacial Degradation Processes in Solid‐State Batteries Caused by Cross Diffusion
Authors: Din Mir Mehraj Ud , Ladenstein Lukas , Ring Joseph , Knez Daniel , Smetaczek Stefan , Kubicek Markus , Sadeqi‐Moqadam Mohsen , Ganschow Steffen , Salagre Elena , Michel Enrique G. , Lode Stefanie , Kothleitner Gerald , Dugulan Iulian , Smith Jeffrey G. , Limbeck Andreas , Fleig Jürgen , Siegel Donald J. , Redhammer Günther J. , Rettenwander Daniel
Published: June 2023

Diffusion of transition metals across the cathode–electrolyte interface is identified as a key challenge for the practical realization of solid‐state batteries. This is related to the formation of highly resistive interphases impeding the charge transport across the materials. Herein, the hypothesis that formation of interphases is associated with the incorporation of Co into the Li7La3Zr2O12 lattice representing the starting point of a cascade of degradation processes is investigated. It is shown that Co incorporates into the garnet structure preferably four‐fold coordinated as Co2+ or Co3+ depending on oxygen fugacity. The solubility limit of Co is determined to be around 0.16 per formula unit, whereby concentrations beyond this limit causes a cubic‐to‐tetragonal phase transition. Moreover, the temperature‐dependent Co diffusion coefficient is determined, for example, D700 °C = 9.46 × 10−14 cm2 s−1 and an activation energy Ea = 1.65 eV, suggesting that detrimental cross diffusion will take place at any relevant process condition. Additionally, the optimal protective Al2O3 coating thickness for relevant temperatures is studied, which allows to create a process diagram to mitigate any degradation with a minimum compromise on electrochemical performance. This study provides a tool to optimize processing conditions toward developing high energy density solid‐state batteries.
Solid Solvation Assisted Electrical Doping Conserves High‐Performance in 500 nm Active Layer Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Xue Wenyue , Liang Zezhou , Tang Yabing , Zhao Chao , Yan Lihe , Ma Wei , Yan Han
Published: June 2023

Organic solar cells (OSCs) process fascinating solution‐printing capability to achieve low‐cost and large‐scale manufacture. However, the rapid power conversion efficiency (PCE) decay with active layer thickness enlargement inhibits the implement of OSCs’ potential advantages. To overcome the bottlenecks of PCE decay in thick active layer OSCs, the electrical doping with componential selectivity in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) film is achieved by introducing a solid solvation additive. Benefiting from the higher exciton splitting efficiency together with the longer drift (Ldr) and diffusion (Ldiff) lengths, an OSC with 100 nm BHJ film demonstrates a PCE increment from 16.44% to 18.24% with prolonged dark and illuminated storage stabilities. Applying the solid solvation assisted (SSA) doping method in the OSCs with 500 nm active layer, the PCE significantly increases by 31.9%, from the original value of 11.79% to 15.55%. It further improves to 15.84% in a ternary blend thick‐film device, which is the record value to the best of our knowledge. Besides, the SSA doping narrows the PCE gap between the 0.04 and 1 cm2 devices. All improvements demonstrate the great potential of SSA doping for OSC commercial manufacture, since it optimizes the photovoltaic performance under all practical conditions of long‐term, thick‐film, and large‐area.
Topotactic Transition: A Promising Opportunity for Creating New Oxides
Authors: Meng Ziang , Yan Han , Qin Peixin , Zhou Xiaorong , Wang Xiaoning , Chen Hongyu , Liu Li , Liu Zhiqi
Published: June 2023

Topotactic transition is a structural phase change in a matrix crystal lattice mediated by the ordered loss/gain and rearrangement of atoms, leading to unusual coordination environments and metal atoms with rare valent states. As early as in 1990s, low temperature hydride reduction is utilized to realize the topotactic transition. Since then, topological transformations are developed via multiple approaches. Especially, the recent discovery of the Ni‐based superconductivity in infinite‐layer nickelates has greatly boosted the topotactic transition mean to synthesizing new oxides for exploring exotic functional properties. In this review, a detailed and generalized introduction is provided to oxygen‐related topotactic transition. The main body of the review includes four parts: the structure‐facilitated effects, the mechanism of the topotactic transition, some examples of topotactic transition methods adopted in different metal oxides (V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) and the related applications. This study is to provide timely and thorough strategies to successfully realize topotactic transitions for researchers who are eager to create new oxide phases or new oxide materials with desired functions.
Neuron‐Inspired Sticky Artificial Spider Silk for Signal Transmission
Authors: Zhao Weiqiang , Shao Fei , Sun Fuqin , Su Zihao , Liu Shiyong , Zhang Ting , Zhu Meifang , Liu Zunfeng , Zhou Xiang
Published: June 2023

Neurons exhibit excellent signal transmission capacity, which inspire artificial neuron materials for applications in the field of wearable electronics and soft robotics. In addition, the neuron fibers exhibit good mechanical robustness by sticking to the organs, which currently has rarely been studied. Here, a sticky artificial spider silk is developed by employing a proton donor‐acceptor (PrDA) hydrogel fiber for application as artificial neuron fibers. Tuning the molecular electrostatic interactions by modulating the sequences of proton donors and acceptors, enables combination of excellent mechanical properties, stickiness, and ion conductivity. In addition, the PrDA hydrogel exhibits high spinning capacity for a wide range of donor‐acceptor combinations. The PrDA artificial spider silk would shed light on the design of new generation of artificial neuron materials, bio‐electrodes, and artificial synapses.
Electrocatalysts for Zinc–Air Batteries Featuring Single Molybdenum Atoms in a Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Framework
Authors: Balamurugan Jayaraman , Austeria P. Muthu , Kim Jun Beom , Jeong Eun‐Suk , Huang Hsin‐Hui , Kim Do Hwan , Koratkar Nikhil , Kim Sang Ouk
Published: June 2023

Bifunctional catalysts can facilitate two different electrochemical reactions with conflicting characteristics. Here, a highly reversible bifunctional electrocatalyst for rechargeable zinc–air batteries (ZABs) is reported featuring a “core–shell structure” in which N‐doped graphene sheets wrap around vanadium molybdenum oxynitride nanoparticles. Single Mo atoms are released from the particle core during synthesis and anchored to electronegative N‐dopant species in the graphitic shell. The resultant Mo single‐atom catalysts excel as active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) sites in pyrrolic‐N and as active oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) sites in pyridinic‐N environments. ZABs with such bifunctional and multicomponent single‐atom catalysts deliver high power density (≈376.4 mW cm−2) and long cycle life of over 630 h, outperforming noble‐metal‐based benchmarks. Flexible ZABs that can tolerate a wide range of temperatures (−20 to 80 °C) under severe mechanical deformation are also demonstrated
Recent Progress in Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO2 to Valuable C2 Products
Authors: Yan Zhiqing , Liu Wenhao , Liu Xianglin , Shen Zichen , Li Xin , Cao Dong
Published: June 2023

Converting CO2 into high value‐added chemicals by renewable energy directly alleviates the problem of resource shortages, while also reduces the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. Among various CO2 reduction methods, CO2 electroreduction has attracted much attention because of its moderate operating conditions and a green and easy‐to‐scale strategy. In this work, the four catalyst enhancement mechanisms: synergistic effect, strain effect, ligand effect, and defect effect are briefly described. Then, the catalytic mechanisms of the C2 products are fully expounded, depending on the number of transferred electrons during the CO2 reduction process. In addition, the membrane electrode is also introduced from the three aspects of ion exchange membrane, catalyst layer, and gas diffusion layer. Finally, the developing direction of CO2 reduction reaction is proposed. This work provides an essential guide for design and preparation of CO2 electroreduction catalysts and fully summarized the intrinsic catalysis mechanism, which is beneficial to the development of CO2 conversion in the future.