bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Homogenous Microporous Thin Films Assembled Using Discrete Metal-Organic Polyhedra
Authors: Ko Soyeon , Ryu Unjin , Yoo Ho Yeon , Shin Jeeyoung , Choi Kyung Min , Park Dong Gyu , Choi Won Ho
Published: May 2024

Homogeneous films with tailored microporous structures are crucial for
several applications, yet fabricating such films presents significant
challenges. This is primarily because most microporous materials have
crystal sizes in the nano- and micrometer ranges, which inevitably
generates intergranular spaces in the films, thereby complicating the
fabrication of these thin films. We used functionalized metal-organic
polyhedra (MOPs) as discrete microporous units and assembled them into
homogenous microporous films. This study focused on avoiding the
generation of intergranular spaces while controlling packing parameters
and film thicknesses. Initially, the MOP units, influenced by van der
Waals forces between the functionalized acyl carbon chains, displayed an
affinity to form spindle-shaped blocks and islands. As the MOP
concentration increased, these structures self-assembled into a
hexagonally packed structure with an in-plane orientation and a maximum
stacking of two layers of MOPs. By contrast, un-functionalized MOPs
yielded a disordered film structure formed by random agglomeration.
Evidently, functionalized adipoyl chloride influences the orientation of
the MOP network films with uniformly distributed micropores, effectively
preventing the formation of intergranular spaces. Additionally,
formaldehyde adsorption and desorption experiments revealed that the MOP
network films possess superior adsorption and desorption capacities. The
proposed approach signifies a breakthrough in the fabrication of
homogenous microporous films.
Proteomic Analysis of Plasma in Healthy Adults Receiving Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Provides Novel Insights into HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies
Authors: Chen Ran , Fu Yuyu , Li Dan , Wang Shuhui , Ruan Yuhua , Ren Li , Wang Shuo , Shen Xiuli , Shi Yutao , Liu Ying
Published: May 2024

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is still a global public
health issue, and the development of an effective prophylactic HIV
vaccine inducing potent neutralizing antibodies remains a significant
challenge for the scientific community. This study aims to explore the
protein factors associated with the induction of neutralizing antibodies
by the rTV vaccine. In our study, we employed the Olink chip to analyze
the inflammation-related proteins in plasma in healthy individuals
receiving HIV candidate vaccine (DNA priming and recombinant vaccinia
virus rTV boosting) and compared the differences between neutralizing
antibody-positive and -negative groups. We identified 25 differentially
expressed factors and conducted enrichment analysis and correlation
analysis on them. Our results revealed significant expression
differences in artemin (ARTN) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 23 (CCL23)
between individuals who were positive and negative for neutralizing
antibodies. Notably, the expression of CCL23 was inversely proportional
to the capacity to produce neutralizing antibodies and correlated with
the intensity of the cellular immune response. Additionally, the immune
response of T cells in the positive group exhibited higher specificity,
further supporting our conclusions. This study not only enriches our
understanding of the immune mechanism of the rTV vaccine, but also
provides important data for future vaccines.
Temporal variability in effective size (N _e) identifies sampling bias in close kin mark recapture estimate of population abundance (Nc(CKMR))
Authors: Ruzzante Daniel , McCracken Gregory , Fraser Dylan J. , MacMillan John , Buhariwalla Colin , Flemming Joanna Mills
Published: May 2024

Although efforts to estimate Ne, Nc, and their ratio in wild populations
are expanding, few empirical studies investigate interannual changes in
these parameters. Hence, we do not know how representative many
estimates may be. Answering this question requires studies of long-term
population dynamics. We non-lethally sampled N=5400 brook trout
(Salvelinus fontinalis) from seven populations during 6 consecutive
years (2014-2019) and genotyped them at 33 microsatellites to examine
variation in Ne, Nc and their ratio. Nc was estimated by Mark-Recapture
(Nc(MR)) (2014-2018) as well as by Close-Kin-Mark-Recapture (Nc(CKMR))
(2015-2017). Within populations, annual variation in Ne (max/min Ne)
ranged from 1.6-fold to 58-fold. Over all 7 populations, median annual
variation in Ne was 5-fold. These results reflect important interannual
changes in reproductive success variance. Within population Nc(MR)
varied by a median of 2.7. Thus, Ne varied nearly twice as much as did
Nc(MR) . Our results suggest that, at least in small populations, any
single annual estimate of Ne is unlikely to be representative of
long-term dynamics. At least 3-4 annual estimates may be required for an
estimate of contemporary Ne to be representative. For five of the seven
populations, Nc(MR) was indistinguishable from Nc(CKMR). The two
populations with discordant estimates exhibited the largest annual Ne
variation (58-fold and 35.4-fold). These results suggest sampling effort
in these two streams may have been insufficient to capture the genetic
diversity of the entire population. Our study demonstrates how knowledge
of temporal variation in Ne can be used to identify potential biases in
Nc(CKMR).
Improved mixing properties of stirred fermentation cultures of an Aspergillus oryzae hyphal dispersion mutant
Authors: Susukida Shunya , Miyazawa Ken , Ichikawa Hikaru , Muto Kiyoaki , Yoshimi Akira , Kato Yoshikazu , ABE Keietsu
Published: May 2024

In fermentation of filamentous fungi, selecting suitable impellers and
controlling fungal morphology are crucial for product yield. Previously,
we revealed the AGΔ-GAGΔ strain of Aspergillus oryzae, lacking
both α-1,3-glucan (AG) and galactosaminogalactan (GAG), showed improved
hyphal dispersion, reduced culture viscosity, and increased recombinant
protein production. Here, we used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to
explore the importance of impeller selection. High-performance impellers
(HS100/HR100) were compared with the conventional flat-blade turbine and
flat-blade paddle combination (6FT/4FP). CFD analysis using viscosity
data of the wild-type strain showed gas cavities formed behind the
6FT/4FP blades, with flow velocities and shear stresses concentrated
around the impellers; in contrast, HS100/HR100 displayed a broader and
more evenly spread range of flow velocities and shear stress values. CFD
analysis comparing the mixing properties of AGΔ-GAGΔ and wild-type
strain cultures agitated by HS100/HR100 demonstrated that slipping
occurred at the impeller periphery–wall boundary in the wild-type
culture, while AGΔ-GAGΔ exhibited a wide shear stress distribution and
reduced gas cavity formation. The simulation results agreed well with
measured volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient (
Ka) and mixing time. These findings suggest that
an appropriate stirring system, combined with the AGΔ-GAGΔ strain, can
drastically improve the mixing characteristics in filamentous fungal
fermentation.
A study on the distribution pattern changes offorest musk deer in China under climate change
Authors: Wei ChangRan , Wang Haiyan
Published: May 2024

Habitat suitability assessment is crucial for the conservation of
endangered species in the context of dramatic global climate change. To
investigate changes in the distribution pattern of forest musk in China,
the present study used the optimized MaxEnt model of the ENMeval
language package to simulate changes in potential suitable areas and
potential suitable areas for four shared socio-economic pathways of the
endangered species, forest musk (Moschus berezovskii), in both the
current and the future periods, and the migration trends of the four
shared socioeconomic paths in the current and future periods are
analyzed. The results showed that: the MaxEnt model reached the optimal
solution when RM=3.4 and FC was LQH; the dominant environmental factors
for the distribution of Linnaeus musculus in China were annual
precipitation, slope, and cold-season average air temperature; the
current suitable habitat accounted for 23.02% of the total area of the
study area, which was mainly distributed around the Hengduan Mountain
Range, the area around the Longmenshan to Daliangshan Mountains, and the
Qinling Mountain System; Under the future climate change, the expansion
area of the suitable area is larger than the loss area, and the center
of mass of the suitable area has a tendency to migrate to the northeast,
in which the fluctuation area of the suitable area is smaller under the
SSP370 climate scenario. Critical habitat accounts for 20.04% of the
current potential suitable area, which is mainly distributed in the
mountain range at the junction of Yunnan-Tibet, the junction of the
Zhongshan vein and Sichuan Basin, and the Qinling mountain system. This
study suggests focusing on the Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon and Tsatsum
Tsibagou in Tibet and the fragmented habitat of forest musk in Cangshan
Erhai, Yunnan, to improve the information construction and increase the
protection efforts.
Histological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic differences in fir trees from a peri-urban forest under chronic ozone exposure
Authors: Jaramillo-Correa Juan P. , Reyes-Galindo Verónica , Shishkova Svetlana , Sandoval-Zapotitla Estela , Flores-Ortiz Cesar M. , Piñero Daniel , Spurgin Lewis , Martin Claudia , Torres-Jardón Ricardo , Zamora-Callejas Claudio , Mastretta-Yanes Alicia
Published: May 2024

Urbanization modifies ecosystem conditions and evolutionary processes.
This includes air pollution, mostly as tropospheric ozone (O3), which
contributes to the decline of urban and peri-urban forests. A notable
case are fir(Abies religiosa) forests in the peripheral mountains
southwest of Mexico City, which have been severely affected by O3
pollution since the 1970s. Interestingly, some young individuals
exhibiting minimal O3—related damage have been observed within a zone
of significant O3 exposure. Using this setting as a natural experiment,
we compared asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals of similar age (≤15
years old; n = 10) using histological, metabolomic and transcriptomic
approaches. Plants were sampled during days of high (170 ppb) and
moderate (87 ppb) O3 concentration. Given that there have been
reforestation efforts in the region, with plants from different source
populations, we first confirmed that all analysed individuals clustered
within the local genetic group when compared to a species-wide panel
(Admixture analysis with ~1.5K SNPs). We observed
thicker epidermis and more collapsed cells in the palisade parenchyma of
needles from symptomatic individuals than from their asymptomatic
counterparts, with differences increasing with needle age. Furthermore,
symptomatic individuals exhibited lower concentrations of various
terpenes (ß-pinene, ß-caryophylene oxide, α-caryophylene and
ß-α-cubebene) than asymptomatic trees, as evidenced through GC-MS.
Finally, transcriptomic analyses revealed differential expression for
thirteen genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, plant defense, and
gene regulation. Our results indicate a rapid and contrasting phenotypic
response among trees, likely influenced by standing genetic variation
and/or plastic mechanisms. They open the door to future evolutionary
studies for understanding how O3 tolerance develops in urban
environments, and how this knowledge could contribute to forest
restoration.
Gender differences in the association between anxiety and interoceptive insight
Authors: Harrison Olivia , Koechli Laura , Marino Stephanie , Marlow Lucy , Finnegan Sarah , Ainsworth Ben , Talks Benjamin , Russell Bruce , Harrison Samuel , Pattinson Kyle , Fleming Stephen , Stephan Klaas Enno
Published: May 2024

Anxiety is one of the most common and debilitating mental health
disorders, and is related to changes in interoception (perception of
bodily states). While anxiety is more prevalent in women than men,
gender differences in interoception-anxiety associations are often
overlooked. Here we examined gender-specific relationships between
anxiety and interoception in the breathing domain, utilising multicentre
data pooled from four study sites (N=175; 51% female). State anxiety
scores were quantified via the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety
Inventory, and interoceptive measurements via an inspiratory load
detection task. From this task, breathing-related interoceptive
dimensions of sensitivity, decision bias, metacognitive bias (confidence
in interoceptive decisions), and metacognitive insight (congruency
between performance and confidence) were quantified. Regression analyses
revealed a significant negative relationship between state anxiety and
metacognitive bias (=-0.28; p=0.01) and insight (=-0.09; 95% Highest
Density Interval [HDI] in a hierarchical Bayesian
regression=[-0.18,-0.004]) across the whole sample, while anxiety
did not relate to interoceptive sensitivity nor decision bias. No mean
effects of gender were observed for any interoceptive variables,
however, the relationship between anxiety and metacognitive insight into
breathing perception was driven by women (women: =-0.18;
HDI=[-0.31,-0.05]; men: =0.02; HDI=[-0.12,0.15]) with a
significant interaction effect ( difference=-0.20; HDI=[-0.37,
-0.01]). In summary, anxiety was associated with decreased
metacognitive bias across all participants, while decreased
interoceptive insight was only associated with anxiety in women but not
men. Therefore, treatment programs focusing on interoceptive
metacognitive bias may be useful for all anxiety patients, while
interoceptive insight might represent a specific treatment target for
women with anxiety.
2-D kinematic restoration of the western Tauern Window, Eastern Alps using thermochronological and P-T constraints
Authors: Rudmann Julia Beatrice , Tanner David Colin , Stipp Michael , Pomella Hannah , Brandes Christian
Published: May 2024

The Penninic and Subpenninic nappe stack of the Tauern Window (TW) in
the European Alps was formed by collision between Europe (Subpenninic)
and the Adria margin (Austroalpine), and finally exhumed by the
northward push of the Dolomites Indenter in the Miocene. In this study,
we kinematically restore a cross-section along the trace of the Brenner
Base Tunnel, concentrating mainly on the Subpenninic (Venediger duplex;
VD). We integrate zircon fission-track data (ZFT) as a temporal
constraint for the termination of viscous deformation and test different
geothermal gradients (GG). P-T-t data are used to define (i) the depth
of brittle-viscous transition (ca. 300°C) and (ii) pre-indenter depth.
First, we displace the VD down along the Sub-Tauern ramp below the 300°C
isotherm. To that time, a GG of 50°C/km prevailed. ZFT ages reveal that
viscous folding of the VD terminated at ca. 17 ± 2 Ma. Unfolding of the
VD, while conserving surface area, yield that the model is extended by
ca. 70 km (i.e. thus equaling indenter shortening), which means that the
VD was not affected by W-E extension or lateral extrusion.
Reconstruction of the hanging-wall nappes (Austroalpine and Penninic
nappes) above the restored VD reveals that the total pre-indenter
thickness of their northern limbs was 35–50% more than it is today. We
interpret this as tectonic thinning, which was mainly caused by the
Brenner normal fault. Our model shows that tectonic processes can
explain the exhumation of the western TW; erosional denudation seems to
play only a minor part.
Natural products: call for hard evidence
Authors: Visioli Francesco
Published: May 2024

Given the potential of natural products (NPs) for various aspects of
human well-being, it is important to involve a variety of stakeholders
and disciplines in the investigation of their health-related properties.
For this reason, IUPHAR has initiated a project aimed at establishing a
science-based registry of NPs and their pharmacological activities, with
a view to providing a better understanding of their potential influences
on human health. From a pharmacological perspective, it is important to
evaluate the effects of selected NPs on important determinants of health
such as, e.g. immune response and inflammation (among others). IUPHAR
calls for a concerted effort and asks stakeholders to contribute to this
project.
Development of a data-driven lightning model for implementation in Global Climate Models
Authors: Verjans Vincent , Franzke Christian L.E
Published: May 2024

This study proposes a new global-scale lightning model, predicting
lightning rates from large-scale climatic variables. Using satellite
lightning records spanning a period of 29 years, we apply machine
learning methods to derive a functional relationship between lightning
and climate reanalysis data. In particular, we design a model tree,
representing different lightning regimes with separate single hidden
layer neural networks of low dimensionality. We apply multiple
complexity constraints in the model development stages, which makes the
lightning model straightforward to implement as a lightning scheme for
global climate models (GCMs). We demonstrate that, for years not used
for model training, our lightning model captures 70.6% of the daily
global spatio-temporal lightning variability, which corresponds to a
>42% relative improvement compared to well-established
lightning schemes. Similarly, the model correlates well with lightning
observations for the monthly climatology (r>0.92),
inter-annual variability (r>0.90), and latitudinal and
longitudinal distributions (r>0.86). Most notably, the
model brings a critical improvement in representing lightning magnitude
and variability in the three tropical lightning chimney regions: central
Africa, the Amazon, and the Maritime Continent. We implement the
lightning model in the Community Earth System Model to verify its
stability and performance as a GCM component, and we provide detailed
implementation guidelines. As an intermediate approach between
high-dimensional machine learning models and first-order lightning
parameterizations, our model offers GCMs a straightforward and efficient
tool to improve lightning simulation, which is critical for representing
atmospheric chemistry and naturally-ignited wildfires.
Some zero-balanced terminating hypergeometric series and their applications
Authors: Srivastava H.M. , Malik Shakir , Qureshi M.I. , Bhat Bilal
Published: May 2024

Various families of such Special Functions as the hypergeometric functions of
one, two and more variables, and their associated summation, transformation
and reduction formulas, are potentially useful not only as solutions of
ordinary and partial differential equations, but also in the widespread
problems in the mathematical, physical, engineering and statistical
sciences. The main object of this paper is first to establish four general
double-series identities, which involve some suitably-bounded sequences of
complex numbers, by using zero-balanced terminating hypergeometric summation
theorems for the generalized hypergeometric series r+1Fr(1) (r = 1, 2, 3) in
conjunction with the series rearrangement technique. The sum (or difference)
of two general double hypergeometric functions of the Kamp? de F?riet type
are then obtained in terms of a generalized hypergeometric function under
appropriate convergence conditions. A closed form of the following Clausen
hypergeometric function: 3F2 (?27z/4(1?z)3) and a reduction formula for
the Srivastava-Daoust double hypergeometric function with the arguments
(z,?z/4 ) are also derived. Many of the reduction formulas, which are
established in this paper, are verified by using the software program,
Mathematica. Some potential directions for further researches along the
lines of this paper are also indicated.
Analysis of distinguishability of linear descriptor control systems using Drazin inverse
Authors: Dastgeer Zoubia , Younus Awais
Published: May 2024

This article aims to provide the equivalent criteria for the
distinguishability of linear descriptor systems (LDS). Regularity of the
matrix pencil, which, loosely speaking, guarantees the existence, and
uniqueness of the solution of LDS for any inhomogeneity, is required in this
article. A characterization of observability for LDS in terms of
distinguishability is given. The Laplace transform together with the
Cayley-Hamilton theorem exploited to derive Hautus-type criteria for the
distinguishability. In addition, we present examples of distinguishable
systems.
EP elements of Z[x]/(x2+x)
Authors: Cao Liufeng , You Lan , Wei Junchao
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we first show that the quotient ring Z[x]/(x2 + x) is an
involution-ring with the involution ? given by (a1 +a2x)* = a1 ?a2 ?a2x,
where a1, a2 ? Z. Then, we determine explicitly all invertible elements,
regular elements, MP-inverses, group invertible elements, EP elements and
SEP elements of Z[x]/(x2 + x). Furthermore, we give a new characterization
for Abel rings.
Modular matrix calculations in the finite topological spaces
Authors: Ma Liwen , Zhao Zhengang
Published: May 2024

When performing important calculations in a finite topological space (FTS),
matrix calculation methods are more accurate and convenient than traditional
methods. However, even when dealing with relatively small subsets involved
in the calculations, all elements of the entire space are necessary. This
leads to significant time and space waste in practical applications.
Therefore, we introduce a modular calculation method as a crucial
improvement. Our motivation is as follows: the topological space being
processed is divided into modules, ensuring that when any subset is involved
in the calculations, only relevant modules are considered instead of the
entire space, while ensuring the same result. In addition, the subsets are
further divided into smaller subsets within the relevant modules for
calculation, greatly reducing the calculation scope and improving the
computational efficiency and accuracy. Based on the modularization of the
topological space, we propose a modular matrix calculation method and
conduct a detailed study of it. Finally, we provide some examples to
demonstrate the modular calculation method and modular matrix calculation
method.
Refinement on fixed point results in metric and b-metric spaces
Authors: Ansari Komachali Arslan , Gaba Yaé , Aphane Maggie , Yildirim Isa
Published: May 2024

In this manuscript, we introduce some conditions for a sequence to be Cauchy
sequence and b-Cauchy sequence in metric spaces and b-metric spaces. After,
some fixed point results are obtained regarding them in such spaces. Also,
we give two examples to show the usability of our results.
Approximation of functions by wavelet expansions with dilation matrix
Authors: Nigam H.K. , Murari Krishna
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we obtain the degree of approximation of a function f in Lp(1
? p ? ?) norm under general conditions of the pointwise and uniform
convergence of wavelet expansions associated with the multiresolution
analysis with dilation matrix. Our results show that the degree has the
exponential decay (faster than any polynomial) for the function f in Lp(R)
on a finite interval (a, b).
Upper and lower estimations of Popoviciu’s difference via weighted Hadamard inequality with applications
Authors: Butt S.I. , Rasheed T. , Pecaric D. , Pecaric J.
Published: May 2024

We consider differences coming from Popoviciu?s inequality and give upper and
lower bounds by employing weighted Hermite-Hadamard inequality along with
the approximations of Montgomery two point formula. We also give bounds for
Popoviciu?s inequality by employing weighted Hermite-Hadamard inequality
along with the approximations of Montgomery one point formula. We testify
this scenario by utilizing the theory of n-times differentiable convex
functions. Our results hold for all n ? 2 and we provide explicit examples
to show the correctness of the bounds obtained for special cases. Last but
not least, we provide applications in information theory by providing new
uniform estimations of the generalized Csiszar divergence, Renyi-divergence,
Shannon-entropy, Kullback-Leibler divergence, Zipf and Hybrid
Zipf-Mandelbrot entropies.
Guaranteed controls for the control problem of a linear set-valued system
Authors: Komleva Tatyana , Molchanyuk Irina , Plotnikov Andrej , Skripnik Natalia
Published: May 2024

The article considers the control linear differential equation with Hukuhara
derivative and the problem of moving a set-valued object to a target set,
that is, when at some point in time the cross section of a set-valued
solution of the system is contained in the target set. The solvability
conditions for this problem are obtained, as well as the time and controls
that guarantee the fulfillment of the termination process condition. It is
shown that in some cases the given time and controls will be optimal. The
results of the article are illustrated by model examples.
Health Benefits and Antibacterial Properties of Probiotics Isolated From Fermented Food Products
Authors: U Suman
Published: May 2024

As a result of the continuously expanding scientific evidence probiotic bacteria have become increasingly popular due to their beneficial effects on human health. The main objective of this study was to isolate, identify, and characterize some lactic acid bacterial strains from fermented food products as potential probiotics with antimicrobial activity against some test strains. Total four samples of fermented food products were taken (Sauerkraut, Fermented Cucumber, Idli batter and Dosa batter). The Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from these samples and the probiotics were further tested for their ability to tolerate pH, bile salt at different concentrations. The probiotic strains were found to grow at different pH and also at different conc. of bile and NaCl. These isolates exhibited high antibacterial activity when tested against the test organism (Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella) in well diffusion method. The present study concludes that the isolated probiotic strain from the fermented food qualifies pH, bile and NaCl tolerance tests that make an isolate to be an ideal probiotic. Probiotic strains were found to carry antimicrobial property and can be used to control gut microbiota. The result of the present study showed that the fermented food products can be used as a good source of probiotic culture.
Isolation of Plastic Degrading Fungi from Plastic Dumped Sites
Authors: A Nanhini
Published: May 2024

Plastics that are biodegradable can be considered environment friendly, they have an increasing range of potential application and are driven by the growing use of plastics in packaging. In this study, the biodegradation of Low-density Polyethylene films was analyzed about 1 month of incubation in liquid culture method. In this investigation, soil samples were collected from two different plastic dumped sites and the fungus were isolated through spread plate technique from diluted soil samples. Among the six fungal isolates were tested for checking its degradation ability of plastics. This study showed the cultural analysis for its ability to adhere and grow on the LDPE films. The activity enzyme produced by these fungal isolates was responsible for the biodegradation. Isolating plastic-degrading fungi from plastic dumped sites serves several important purposes, Understanding the role of fungi in plastic degradation can shed light on the ecological impact of plastic pollution on ecosystems. It can also help identify potential solutions to mitigate this impact. Isolating fungi from plastic dumped sites contributes to the exploration of microbial biodiversity in these environments. It can lead to the discovery of novel fungal species with unique abilities to degrade plastic.
Science, Environment, Technology, and Society - Based Module to Improve Critical Thinking in Class IV Elementary School Learning
Authors: Adriyono Uhori , Rohman Fatkhur , Pargito
Published: May 2024

The low ability of Indonesian students is related to the learning process (especially science learning) which does not fully provide opportunities for students to develop critical reasoning abilities. This research aims to create a SETS-based module to improve students' critical thinking. This research is a type of Research and Development (R&D) research, the development was carried out referring to Borg & Gall's theory. The population of this study was fourth grade elementary school students. The subjects in this research were determined using a purposive sampling technique and obtained 24 students. Data collection tools use valid and reliable test instruments. The analysis technique used is quantitative and qualitative analysis. The research results show that the module is in the very valid and practical category. Material experts received a score of 0.92, media experts 0.87, language experts 0.93 and pedagogy experts 0.93, overall, in the valid category. The results of the user response assessment from students were 96.4 and teacher practicality was 93.61, including the very practical category). Data uses N-Gain with a calculation result of 0.52. The conclusion shows that the SETS-based module developed is effective in improving elementary school students' critical thinking.
HOTS-Oriented Thematic RPP Learning: Increasing the Independence of Elementary School Students
Authors: Rohmah Ismu Musi'atu , Sutama
Published: May 2024

The teacher before carrying out the teaching and learning process must make a learning implementation plan (RPP). Making lesson plans before the teaching process is very important because it serves as a teacher's guide in carrying out learning in the classroom. There are still teacher problems in preparing lesson plans. The study aims to develop a HOTS-oriented thematic learning implementation plan (RPP) is to increase the main values of strengthening character education (PPK) for class IV students. This study used an experimental group of 10 students related to the implementation of HOTS-oriented thematic lesson plans in increasing student independence. Interviews, observations, and written documentation are the three primary methods of data gathering used in this investigation. Both qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis are used in this process. The results of this study explain that the application of HOTS-oriented thematic lesson plans is proven to be able to significantly increase student independence. The advice that can be conveyed from the results of this study is the need for teacher support in planning, implementing, and evaluating the application of HOTS-oriented thematic lesson plans. Considering that this research was only carried out in an effort to increase student independence, future research can apply HOTS-oriented thematic lesson plans aimed at increasing learning achievement or other abilities in students.
La habitabilidad urbana relacionada con la administración de los recursos en la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México
Authors: López Pérez Irma , Martínez Ortega Ma. de los Ángeles , Jiménez García Martha
Published: May 2024

La habitabilidad es un concepto que implica la consideración de diversos aspectos, como la infraestructura, los servicios, la vivienda y, por supuesto, la relación directa con la planeación urbana. Tomando en consideración esto, el objetivo de esta investigación es identificar la relación entre las variables que componen la habitabilidad urbana (dimensiones) y la administración de recursos económicos en las familias de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México (ZMVM), para lo cual se tomó como referencia la Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (ENIGH) de 2020. Para analizar específicamente la vivienda y los servicios dentro de la dimensión de habitabilidad urbana de servicios públicos, se calcularon los porcentajes de viviendas por áreas geoestadísticas básicas (AGEB) urbanas que carecen de dichos servicios. Esto se llevó a cabo mediante el uso de la herramienta Field Calculator del programa ArcGIS, así como por los datos recabados en el Censo de Población y Vivienda y en el marco geoestadístico proporcionados por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) en 2020. Los resultados de la ENIGH permitieron concluir que las tres entidades que conforman la ZMVM destinan el porcentaje más alto de sus ingresos a alimentos y bebidas, lo que identifica las variables utilizadas para evaluar la habitabilidad urbana y que forman parte de los principales rubros de gasto. El más significativo es el de transporte y comunicaciones, seguido por vivienda y servicios y, en tercer lugar, educación y esparcimiento. Finalmente, se propone una corresponsabilidad de los actores involucrados en la construcción de la habitabilidad sustentada en la autogestión.
La importancia de la educación financiera en los jóvenes universitarios frente al retiro por vejez
Authors: García Espinoza Elizabeth , Navejas Juárez Gloria Araceli , Rodríguez Berrelleza Antonio Rosalío
Published: May 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar la importancia de incluir la educación financiera (EF) en el proceso de formación de los estudiantes de nivel universitario frente al retiro por vejez, ya que las pensiones que se obtendrán conforme al sistema de cuentas individuales resultan en una menor cuantía respecto a las del régimen anterior. Para ello, el diseño de esta investigación fue cualitativo, puesto que se consideró la comprensión de los fenómenos a partir de la experiencia de los sujetos que la viven. Además, se efectúo una revisión documental que incluyó tanto a autores en la materia como información oficial, y se aplicaron encuestas a estudiantes universitarios para identificar su nivel de conocimiento sobre este tema y qué tan conscientes son de la importancia de planear su retiro para reducir el impacto financiero al momento de su vejez. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de ellos no están debidamente informados al respecto, por lo que se concluye que es importante ahorrar a temprana edad o buscar alternativas financieras para atender las necesidades económicas en la etapa de la vejez. Además, se propone que las universidades se conviertan en promotoras de educación financiera en las unidades de aprendizaje de los planes de estudio.
Material Evidence of Burial and Commemorative Rituals in the Burial Mounds and the Buried Soil of the Southern Burial Mound Group of the Anikin Kamen 1 Burial Ground
Authors: Плетнёва Людмила Михайловна
Published: May 2024

Курганный могильник Аникин Камень 1 расположен в Томском районе Томской области. Его раскопки провел А. Д. Гаман в 1994, 1996 гг. Могильник состоял из двух групп курганов: северной и южной. Анализируются материалы XI–XIII вв., полученные в результате археологических раскопок южной группы. Цель статьи заключается в рассмотрении объектов и находок в насыпях курганов и на погребенной почве, в том числе и специальных деревянных сооружений в рамках погребально-поминального ритуала южной группы курганов могильника Аникин Камень 1 и соотнесении их с материалами других культур развитого Средневековья Верхнего и Среднего Приобья. Наряду с предметами, найденными в насыпях курганов (кости животных, камни, керамика, вещи), в двух курганах были сожженные деревянные постройки. Такие объекты есть в памятниках сросткинской, басандайской, кыштовской культур Западной Сибири. В результате исследования можно сделать следующие выводы: находки в насыпях и на погребенной почве свидетельствуют об исполнении комплекса погребально-поминального обряда. В Средневековье они прослежены в раннем и развитом Средневековье на территории Верхнего и Среднего Приобья. В развитом Средневековье на этой территории появились специальные деревянные постройки как в курганах с погребением, так и специально сооруженных для них. Автор статьи согласен с мнением М. Ф. Косарева о том, что все действия, выполняемые во время похорон и поминок, связаны с языческим миропониманием о возрождении.

The Anikin Kamen 1 burial ground is located in the Tomsk district of the Tomsk region. A. D. Gaman excavated it in 1994 and 1996. The burial ground consisted of two groups of burial mounds: a northern and a southern one. This article examines the findings from the southern group. The work aims to analyze the objects and finds in the burial mounds and the soil, including special wooden constructions for burial and memorial rituals, from the southern burial mound group of the Anikin Kamen 1 burial ground and to relate these objects and finds to other cultures of the High Middle Ages in the upper and middle Ob region. In addition to the objects found in the burial mounds (animal bones, stones, pottery, personal items), burnt wooden constructions were also found in two burial mounds. Similar objects were found in monuments of the Srostki, Basandaika, and Kyshstovka cultures in western Siberia. The finds in the burial mounds and soil indicate that the burial and memorial rituals were carried out. These rituals can be traced back to the Upper and Middle Ob regions’ Early and High Middle Ages. In the High Middle Ages, special wooden constructions were erected inside and outside the burial mounds in this area. The author of this work agrees with the opinion of M. F. Kosarev that all burial and memorial acts are connected with a pagan worldview of rebirth.
Kallmann Syndrome: A Late Diagnosis
Authors: Pereira Ricardo , Casimiro Hugo Jorge , Carreira Joana , Freitas Pedro L. De , Carreira Pedro , Marques Susana
Published: May 2024

Not Applicable
Immunocorrective Therapy in Patients with Limited and Diffuse Purulent-inflammatory Diseases of the Soft Tissues of the Maxillofacial Area and Neck: Research in 132 Patients
Authors: Tymofieiev Oleksii , Blinova Viktoria , Umirov Оleksandr , Myroshnyk Anton , Ukharska Oksana , Dubichenko Sergii , Serga Olena
Published: May 2024

Purpose. Determine the effectiveness of using the drug Biotroph on the state of local and general nonspecific resistance of the organism in patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of the soft tissues of the maxillofacial area and neck.
Methods. Clinical and immunological examination of 132 patients with limited and diffuse purulent- inflammatory maxillofacial and neck area soft tissues diseases identified during hospitalization was carried out.
Results. Our studies have shown that the using of food supplements Biotroph-4 in the complex treatment of the patients with limited and diffuse purulent-inflammatory maxillofacial and neck area soft tissues diseases allowed eliminate the temporary immunodeficiency completely in the short period of time in all examined patients.
Conclusions. The complex drug on a natural basis Biotroph-4 is recommended to maxillofacial surgeons and dental surgeons for the treatment of patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of periomaxillary soft tissues.
Estimation and analysis of smoking, the harmful habit of medical students
Authors: Libina II , Chernykh NYu , Melikhova EP , Skrebneva AV , Fertikova TE , Vasilieva MV , Khatuaev RO
Published: May 2024

In modern society, smoking is one of the most common harmful habits. The issue of smoking among medical students and the ways to address it are particularly relevant. The study was aimed to identify the priority factors contributing to smoking as the main harmful habit. We performed a cross-sectional study of 254 students using the tailored questionnaire, D. Horn test, and Fagerstrom test. The data obtained were processed and analyzed using the mathematical statistics methods. The findings have shown that 68.4% of students are smokers. The majority of students report negative health effects of smoking: 45% of students complain of cough, 38% complain of mucus, 52% complain of the decrease in physical endurance. Furthermore, low motivation for smoking cessation has been revealed in the majority of respondents. Vaping turned out to be the smoking type most popular among students, and the majority of respondents believe that it is harmless. The identified predominant types of smoking behavior (“support”, “craving”) suggest emotional stress. The correlation between the students’ anxious emotional state and the frequency of smoking has been found (r = 0.79). Learning problems and emotional stress are the priority factors contributing to smoking as the main harmful habit of students. Thus, the issue of smoking should be considered both in medical-biological and socio-psychological aspects. It is important to shape health-saving behavior in students through hygienic training and education.
To What Extent Collateral in PLS Financing Brings Maṣlaḥah? An Analytical Comparison from Islamic Law Outlook with Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah Index
Authors: Lestari Dini Maulana , Kusuma Hadri , Sunaryati
Published: May 2024

This study aims to compare the level of maṣlaḥah regarding the existence of collateral in Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) financing from Islamic banking customers and employees standpoints. This is crucial as PLS financing becomes the main characteristic product of Islamic banks, but it emerges as an unfavorable product due to the high financial risk. The existence of collateral plays a pivotal role in this situation to realize maṣlaḥah. This is an explanatory study with a quantitative approach and survey method, considering 400 respondents, particularly 200 Islamic banking customers and 200 Islamic banking employees, who were conveniently obtained at certain time intervals for a one-shot. An Independent sample t-test is used to calculate the comparison level of maṣlaḥah among these two groups. At the same time, Rasch Model analysis is also used to measure the data based on the demographic characteristics of respondents. The result discovers that although there is a slightly different level of maṣlaḥah between Islamic banking customers and employees in PLS finance practice regarding collateral, it still significantly brings benefit, as it aligns with the concept of ta’widh to prevent financial risk. This finding contributes to Islamic banks as a guideline to understand how to operate and enhance the market share of this financing product based on the Rasch Model Analysis.
Ontologization of Cognition: Levels, Directions and Means of Implementation
Authors: Gribkov Andrey A.
Published: May 2024

The article investigates the problem of ontologization of cognition, i.e. increasing the level of conformity between the knowledge system and being. Various levels of ontologization of knowledge are examined depending on the nature of the reflection of reality in the system of knowledge. Four levels of ontology are distinguished: the first level corresponds to the injective and bijective mappings of reality onto the knowledge system; the second level involves surjective mapping; the third level encompasses knowledge formed through isomorphic mapping of relationships between elements from reality onto the knowledge system; the fourth level involves knowledge formed through isomorphic mapping of relationships between elements within the knowledge system. Prospects for the ontologization of cognition are related to the expansion of metaphysical and consequent knowledge, the elevation to the fourth level of knowledge domains that lack ontologicality, and the expansion of knowledge linking secondary laws and properties of objects to patterns. The main tool for ontologizing cognition should be a general theory of systems, extended with a metaphysical component and supplemented with extensive collections of patterns, primitives, secondary properties and laws. The author is working on such a general systems theory, referred to as the “empirico-metaphysical general theory of systems”. In conclusion, development of an empirico-metaphysical theory of systems promises to provide a robust framework for addressing the challenges of cognition representation, synthesis, and application across diverse domains. As researchers continue to delve into the nuances of ontological alignment, the proposed framework offers a promising avenue for fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and advancing our understanding of the fundamental nature of cognition.
Linguistic Approaches in Teaching Arabic Language at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Mamuju, West Sulawesi
Authors: Marwati  , Limpo Marwah , Alfikri Rausen Aditya
Published: May 2024

This research is entitled Linguistik Approach in Teaching Arabic at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Mamuju, West Sulawesi (Strengthening the Arabic Literature Study Program). The type of research used is qualitative research. The nature of this research is exploratory. The theory used in this research is Kanneth L. Pike's tagmemic theory and the scope of the discussion is focused on the study of Arabic language learning syntax. The results of this research have found that Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Mamuju, West Sulawesi still uses traditional methods in teaching Arabic. So the need for renewal to gain effectiveness in learning Arabic using a linguistik approach
The Intricacies of The Salafiyyah’s Belief in Carsh (Throne) as Contained in The Qur’Ᾱn
Authors: Gambari Yusuph Dauda
Published: May 2024

cArsh, in relation to Allah, is one of the issues generating diverse views among scholars of different blocs in Islam. This is because it is mysterious. The Salafiyyah enclave is one of the key actors whenever topics relating to the Being of Allah and His CArsh came up for discussion. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the various submissions of the Salafiyyah scholars on cArsh to bring out the disparities and their implications. The interpretive method is adopted for proper and adequate assessment of related issues. The findings of this paper revealed that there is no common ground among the Salafiyyah when it comes to cArsh and the Being of Allah and that it constitutes part of Mutashābihāt (allegorical issues) that Q.3:7 directed the Muslims to keep off discussions on them. It also revealed that some Salafiyyah scholars are equally guilty of anthropomorphism and have accused many scholars of other blocs. The paper, therefore, concluded that Tafwīḍ ’l-Macnā wan-Nafyyu ’l-Kayf (abstinence from explanation and negation of likeness) is what the Salaf and majority of the scholars held on to and advocated, either in relation to cArsh or allegorical issues in Islam. It is therefore recommended that contemporary Muslims should limit themselves to what is stated in both the Qur’ān and authentic ḥadīth with regards to Mutashābihāt without explaining their modality or rejection of them.