bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ПІД ЧАС ВИВЧЕННЯ ІНОЗЕМНОЇ МОВИ ЗА ПРОФЕСІЙНИМ СПРЯМУВАННЯМ ДЛЯ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ З ОСОБЛИВИМИ ОСВІТНІМИ ПОТРЕБАМИ
Authors: ШАРЛОВИЧ Зоя , ФЕДОРЧУК Віктор Миколайович , ВОЛОЩУК Марина Борисівна
Published: June 2024

Вступ. В розвитку життєдіяльності суспільства та діджиталізації сучасного світу оволодіння іншомовними компетентностями у комунікації та взаємодії в професійній діяльності набувають дедалі більше актуальності. У пошуках власного місця у суспільстві самоідентифікації молоді у професії, під час її здобуття у молодої людини з особливими освітніми потребами (ООП) виникає безліч стереотипів та бар’єрів стосовно власного інтелектуального потенціалу, практичного застосування компетентностей, здобувачі освіти з ООП переживають кризові стани, які перешкоджають повноцінному розвитку особистості. Мета та завдання – продемонструвати наявні та актуальні засоби формування іншомовної компетентності в здобувачів з ООП, виявити особливості виникнення психологічних бар’єрів під час вивчення іноземної мови за професійним спрямуванням, дослідити й запропонувати основні підходи до формування іншомовної компетентностей та подолання даних бар’єрів у закладах освіти інклюзивного напряму. Результати. В опануванні іноземної мови здобувачами освіти спостерігається ряд бар’єрів, які спричиняють проблеми у сприйнятті іншомовної лексики та оволодінні практичних навичок спілкування іноземною мовою. На нашу думку, ключовим у формуванні іншомовної компетентності, профілактиці і подоланні психологічних бар’єрів слід виділити ефективну організацію навчання, переміщення акценту із засвоєння теоретичних знань до практичної комунікативної діяльності, демонстрації практичної цінності іноземної мови в іншомовному просторі, в професійному спілкуванні, професійному становленні та кар’єрному зростанні майбутніх фахівців в галузі економіки, соціальної роботи, фінансів, обліку і оподаткування, психології тощо. У статті, відстоюється думка про те, що кожен здобувач освіти, не зважаючи на складність у зв’язку із фізичним чи ментальним порушенням здоров’я, має не лише конституційне право, а й моральне і духовне, рівні можливості для формування іншомовних компетентностей та опанування іноземної мови за професійним спрямуванням. У цьому контексті важливий вибір інструментарію для роботи викладача із здобувачем освіти з особливими освітніми потребами.
Community-Based Critical Literacy Practices: A Reflective Study of Literacy Implementation in School
Authors: Viono Tono , Wijaksono Jagad , Busri Hasan
Published: June 2024

This article examines critical literacy practices carried out by the informal education community thoughtfully and potentially so that they can be applied to developing the school literacy movement program. Statistically, 95.66% of Indonesia's population can read, but on the other hand, the reading literacy score in the PISA study is still below average. So far, there have been different perspectives regarding literacy as a reading activity and literacy as an activity to process information. These differences result in different interpretations and attitudes in processing information in a text. Critical literacy relates reading analysis skills to the realities faced by students. This study aimed to find patterns of critical literacy carried out by the Ngampar Boekoe community and Jamaah Maiyah Al Manhal about the inherent development of the school literacy movement program. The research method used is qualitative with an auto-ethnographic approach. The data comes from the researcher's personal experience, observation, in-depth interviews and artefacts. Data analysis uses triangulation with a bottom-up pattern to find critical literacy formulas and can be reflected in the school literacy movement program. The results found are in the form of alternative formulations which consist of critical material that can develop students' critical power, dialectical methods filled with a sense of trust, and quality-based evaluation using response journal instruments and written works. The results of this study can be used as policy-making considerations for relevant stakeholders to build the qualifications of a literate society.
Using Educational Games in Teaching English, A Foreign Language
Authors: Thanh Nam Nguyen , Van Duc Nguyen , Bui Ngoc Bon
Published: June 2024

The objective of learning and acquiring languages via peers and social interaction is greatly aided by the use of educational games in English language teaching and learning. Prior research has shown the value of games as a fundamental teaching method in language instruction. Playing is good for individuals of all ages, even though it is crucial for a child's growth. Gardner's hypothesis of multiple intelligences is closely linked to the use of games in language instruction. Including games in the classroom may make learning more enjoyable and joyful, reduce stress, and help students form connections with one another and the outside world. Learning may be enhanced by the use of games, whether they are played online or in person. This study aims to clarify some fundamental components, as well as their characteristics, trends, and circumstances, that instructional games have to include. Lastly, this study provides an explanation of a few instructional game examples that educators might use in the classroom.
Implementation of Text Processing Techniques on Citizen Opinions Regarding Floods in Surabaya
Authors: Kriswibowo Rony , Alia Putri Ariatna , Prayogo Johan Suryo , Febriana Rusina Widha
Published: June 2024

An analysis of residents opinions on flooding in Surabaya is essential to identify their perceptions and aspirations towards this disaster. This can facilitate the making of appropriate flood mitigation policies. The current problem is that it is difficult to retrieve data from X in the form of both users and tweets automatically. So that in some studies that use tweet data becomes less efficient in the data collection process. This research confirmed the use of messages to determine highly impactful disaster zones and showed how tweets can be used to identify oscillations in disaster intensity over time. The topic of this research is to apply the Data Crawling method to obtain datasets on social media X. Then the next method is text preprocessing using Wordcloud, Matplotlib, (NTLK) Natural Language Toolkit, and Sastrawi libraries. In natural language processing, the data to be extracted includes unstructured or “arbitrary” data. In normal dialect preparing (NLP), the information to be extracted includes unstructured or "self-assertive" information.  For future purposes (assumption examination, subject modeling, etc.), such information must be changed over into organized data. The discoveries of the think about can help the organization in comprehending the necessities and inclinations of the people with respect to surges. This article demonstrates how Artificial Intelegence may be applied to text data analysis in order to provide insightful findings. the outcomes of this research can help the government in making more effective policies to overcome flooding in Surabaya
PROBLEMS OF LAND RESOURCES USE
Authors: Afanasiev O.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the problems of land protection and rational use. In the study, we analyse the factors leading to degradation and loss of soil fertility. We determined that the negative impact on land is mainly related to the anthropogenic factor. The author points out the role of land as the core national wealth, which, according to the Constitution of Ukraine, is under the special protection of the state. Agricultural lands make up the largest area, but their condition, as well as the condition of other lands, is a matter of concern. We note that the struggle of world powers for economic leadership hinders the environmental problems solution.
The article determines that the problems of the use of land resources in Ukraine have only worsened in recent years. Achievements in the agricultural sphere are due to the intensive use and depletion of soils. Intentional and unintentional impact on the earth worsens its condition. The impossibility of adequately calculating the probability of unintended effects on the environment exacerbates the problem.
The anthropogenic factor is the main reason for the negative dynamics of the surrounding environment, particularly land resources.
Close cooperation of all parties is required to remedy the current situation: land users/land owners, on the one hand, and the state and international organisations, on the other. Scientists and their ideas should be intermediaries between land users/land owners, the state, and international organisations.
We propose to strengthen the role of the government in solving problems related to the state of land and their cooperation with international organisations in the fight against desertification and to achieve a zero level of land degradation. We also propose measures to reduce the level of land degradation to reach a neutral level of degradation. At the international level, the ‘United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa’ was adopted. We suggest considering international standards in the effective management of land resources and the experience in forming and implementing land management systems.
Keywords: degradation, desertification, land, soil, concept, convention, fertility.
Análisis multitemporal de la dinámica de cobertura/uso de suelo de la cuenca del río Esmeraldas
Authors: Corozo Hurtado Jesmar Jandry , Merino Córdova Patricio Alejandro , Estupiñán Cox Byron Fabricio , Velasco Quiñónez Joel Darvin
Published: June 2024

Introducción: El análisis multitemporal de la cobertura y uso de suelo de la cuenca del río Esmeraldas se realizó para el periodo del año 2000 al 2022, junto con una proyección para el año 2044 que fue elaborada en el software Idrisi Selva v.17 y ArcGIS 10.8. Objetivo: Analizar los cambios de cobertura y el uso del suelo de la cuenca del río Esmeraldas para el periodo del año 2000 al 2022 con proyección para el año 2044. Metodología: Para esta investigación se establecieron 2 etapas: Delimitación del área de estudio, seguido de la obtención de la información cartográfica de las coberturas y uso de suelo, las que fueron adquiridas del portal del ministerio de ambiente, agua y transición ecológica. Resultados: La tasa de cambio de cobertura y uso de suelo fue la siguiente: Bosque -73.94%, tierra agropecuaria 12.68%, zona antrópica 100.00%, Vegetación Arb y Herb -98.70%, Otras Tierras -82.48%, Cuerpo de Agua -89.21%. Conclusión: El análisis multitemporal demostró los cambios que tuvieron las coberturas de la cuenca del río Esmeraldas en un periodo de 22 años con el fin de dar a conocer como las actividades humanas influyen en los cambios de cobertura y el uso del suelo. Área de estudio general: Ecología y medio ambiente. Área de estudio específica: Hidrología.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAHAN, IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN DAERAH, DAN KOMPETENSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH (STUDI KASUS DI KOTA MADIUN)
Authors: Denada Kristin , Suharni Siti , Kusumo Broto Andri Hasmoro
Published: June 2024

Abstract- This research aims to examine the effect of implementing government accounting standards, implementing regional management information systems and human resource competence on the quality of regional government financial reports. This type of research is quantitative. The data collection technique in this research uses questionnaires directly to respondents. The respondents in this study were employees of the Madiun City Regional Revenue Agency. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression analysis with the SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) version 25 for Windows program. The results of the hypothesis research show that the Implementation of Government Accounting Standards variable is 0.022, the Regional Management Information System Implementation variable is 0.004, the Human Resources Competency variable is 0.031 and the Adjusted R Square shows a value of 0.626 or 62.6%. The results of this research show that the implementation of government accounting standards has a positive influence on the quality of regional government financial reports, the implementation of regional management information systems has a positive influence on the quality of regional government financial reports, and human resource competence has a positive influence on the quality of regional government financial reports.
Pengaruh Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) serta Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Paniki
Authors: Palit Agnes Tasya , Karambut Christien Adriani , Longdong Wingston Markus Jusuf
Published: June 2024

This research aim is to analyze the influence of occupational health and safety variables and standard operating procedures (SOP) on employee performance at PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Paniki. Occupational health and safety and SOP implementation are considered to have significant roles in creating a comfortable and effective work environment that supports optimal employee performance. The research employs a quantitative approach and a survey method involving 50 respondents from workers at PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Paniki. The research results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between occupational health and safety variables and employee performance. This finding indicates that the implementation of effective occupational health and safety programs contributes to the increase in employee performance. Furthermore, the analysis results also state that standard operating procedures (SOP) have a strong positive influence on employee performance. Based on these research findings, the recommendations proposed emphasize the need for increased investment in occupational health and safety programs, as well as a more efficient approach in delivering and explaining SOP within the PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Paniki area. Thus, the industry can create a more comfortable and effective work environment that fosters the achievement of optimal employee performance.
Aplikasi Bimbingan Konseling Menggunakan CodeIgniter (CI)
Authors: - Rafif Naufal Isad
Published: June 2024

At Padas 1 Public Junior High School, student violations were recorded by picket officers and Counseling Guidance teachers. The recording was carried out by the officer by writing it on a piece of paper form. Based on these problems, a guidance and counseling application was created using the codeigniter framework at SMPN 1 Padas based on a website. This system was created and developed using the waterfall method and the testing method using blackbox testing. The system created can add data, manage violation data, add attendance data and several other features. It is hoped that the system that has been created can help counseling teachers manage student counseling to be more efficient and effective, as well as make it easier for parents to supervise their children. The results of system testing using black box testing of the counseling guidance application system are made to get a success percentage of 100%.
Hubungan Antara Self Image Dengan Hedonisme Pada Siswa SMA Islam Terpadu Ukhuwah Banjarmasin
Authors: Zehra Fitri
Published: June 2024

Fitri, Relationship between Self Image and Hedonism in Ukhuwah Banjarmasin Integrated Islamic High School Students, Ushuluddin and Humanities Faculty, Antasari Banjarmasin State Islamic University, Jalan Pendarapan Guntung Manggis Village, Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan. The current generation is very vulnerable to modernization, so it is affected by today's modernity. Most of today's youth are affected by globalization which has negative consequences. This is caused by the feelings of teenagers, especially teenagers who are still unstable because of their identity crisis. This is a difficult period of psychological development in adolescents. Due to the increasing complexity of modern life, people are increasingly choosing patterns of behavior that differentiate them from one another in terms of their lifestyle choices. The hedonistic lifestyle view that material pleasure is the main goal of life. Adolescents who tend towards hedonism often try to harmonize their lifestyle with their peer group which is reflected in certain symbols, such as product brands as markers of their hedonistic values. This phenomenon represents the adjustment process that many teenagers go through to achieve social acceptance. The research method used in this research is quantitative. Based on the r count (Pearson Correlations) it is known that the r count for the relationship between Self Image (X) and Hedonism (Y) is 0.060 <r table 0.349, it can be concluded that there is a negative relationship between the Self Image variable and the Hedonism variable.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' COGNITIVE STYLE ACCORDING TO WITKIN IN SOLVING PYTHAGORAS PROBLEMS
Authors: Kaliky Syafruddin , Khan Nusrat Ali
Published: June 2024

Cognitive style is a way of thinking that students use to help solve a problem according to their knowledge and experience. This research aims to determine students' cognitive styles in solving Pythagorean problems. The subjects in this research were students who met the FI and FD cognitive styles based on the GEFT test. This research was carried out in class VII of MTs Nurul Ikhlas Ambon. The method used in this research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The research results showed that FI students use different methods according to their knowledge, and the solutions they carry out tend to be unstructured. The method FI students use is a fast way to solve Pythagorean problems. Apart from that, the images created by referring to the information obtained are done simply by the concepts understood. Meanwhile, FD students use the same method their previous teacher taught. The solving process is carried out in a structured manner to obtain the final result. The method used by FD students is the Pythagorean formula. Furthermore, in making pictures, FD students clearly describe the information in the problem in detail and complexly.
PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI CHATGPT UNTUK SURAT MENYURAT KADER PKK DESA CIMULANG BOGOR
Authors: Marlinda Linda , Gata Windu , Tutupoly Taransa Agasya
Published: June 2024

The use of technology is the key to increasing effectiveness and efficiency in communication. One technology that is currently developing is chatbot, a computer program that can interact with humans via chat or text messages. Chatbots can speed up the flow of communication, simplify information retrieval, and increase the level of community involvement in various activities. Training in the use of ChatGPT Technology for writing correspondence is important considering the need for efficiency and quality in written communication, especially for Village PKK cadres. This training aims to improve cadres' ability to use ChatGPT technology to compose correspondence more effectively and efficiently. With this training, several significant outcomes were achieved. First, there will be an increase in productivity in the preparation of official and informal letters by Village PKK cadres, because the use of ChatGPT technology will speed up the process of writing and sending letters. Second, it can improve the quality of cadres' written communication, so that the message conveyed can be more clearly and effectively understood by the recipient. Lastly, the use of ChatGPT Technology can expand the scope of messages delivered to the people of Cimulang Village, Bogor, so that important information and education can be broader and more easily accessible to all residents. This training not only supports the efficiency and quality of communication but also strengthens relations between cadres and society as a whole.
The Effect of Rolling Reduction on the Microstructure Evolution and Slip Behavior of Ta-10W Alloy during Cold Rolling Process
Authors: Park Ki-Seong , Kaushik Lalit , Yoo Hyo-Sang , Jeon Jae-Yeol , Choi Shi-Hoon
Published: June 2024

In this study, we investigated the influence of cold rolling reduction on microstructural evolution and slip behavior in Ta-10W alloy fabricated by vacuum arc melting (VAM). As the reduction increased, both single and multiple slips were observed within some grain interiors. At reductions of 20% and 40%, deformation bands, primarily consisting of γ-fiber components, formed within the grain interiors. The fraction of deformation bands (DBs) increased with higher reduction. Conversely, at 60% reduction, in addition to DBs, experimentally observed shear bands (SBs) with a herringbone pattern were formed. Both DBs and SBs predominantly formed in regions of concentrated strain (areas with high kernel average misorientation (KAM) and geometrically necessary dislocations (GND)). As the reduction increased, the misorientation angle between the matrix and the DBs or SBs gradually increased, while the width of the DBs decreased. To investigate the violation of Schmid’s law in Ta-10W alloy, slip trace and resolved shear stress (RSS) analyses were performed on observed slip lines within deformed grains. Contrary to conventional slips, where slip typically occurs on the plane with the highest RSS, slips in the Ta-10W alloy were confirmed to occur even on planes with lower RSS in certain grains. Hence, this study provides experimental evidence of Schmid’s law violation in Ta-10W alloy.
Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Ni-Base Superalloy IN738LC according to Solidification Rate and Heat Treatment
Authors: Kim Byung-Hoon , Kong Byeong-Ook , Joo Yun-Kon , Ju Young-Kyu , Hong Hyun-Uk , Lee Je-Hyun
Published: June 2024

The strength of Ni-base superalloys mainly depends on the γ' precipitates that improve the strength of the materials at high temperatures. The presence of γ' particles within the matrix restricts dislocation movement, and optimized heat treatments can tailor the size, shape, and volume fraction of γ'. In this study the effects of solidification rate and solution temperature on the tensile properties of IN738LC superalloy were investigated. The secondary dendritic arm spacing of casting materials with different diameters was measured and the solidification rate of the casting materials was derived by comparing the results of the solidification microstructure obtained from a directional solidification experiment. The D17 material, which had a faster solidification rate, showed higher values of tensile strength and yield strength than the D60 material, which had a slower solidification rate. The study also concluded that the monomodal γ' precipitates in the S80 material have higher tensile strength and yield strength at room temperature and 760℃ than the bimodal γ' precipitates in the S20 material. As for the deformation behavior at 760℃, an isolated stacking fault was observed in the S20 material only within the large γ’ precipitates. In the S80 material, the high dislocation density increased the yield strength due to the strong interaction between dislocations and fine γ’ precipitates.
Thermoelectric Chalcostibite: Solid-State Synthesis and Thermal Properties
Authors: Kim Dong Hwi , Yun Sang , Kim Il-Ho
Published: June 2024

In this study, thermoelectric chalcostibite (CuSbS2) compounds were fabricated using mechanical alloying (MA) and hot pressing (HP), and phase identification, microstructural observation, and thermal analysis were conducted. The thermal properties were then measured and compared with those of other Cu–Sb–S ternary compounds synthesized by the same solid-state process, namely, skinnerite (Cu3SbS3), famatinite (Cu3SbS4), and tetrahedrite (Cu12Sb4S13). Both the MA powder and HP-sintered samples contained a single-phase chalcostibite with an orthorhombic structure, and relative densities of 94.6–99.7% were obtained based on HP temperature. The full width at half maximum of the X-ray diffraction peak was significantly reduced for the HP specimens compared to that of the MA powder due to stress relaxation and grain growth during HP at elevated temperatures. However, practically no changes were observed in the lattice constants based on HP temperature. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis revealed that one endothermic reaction occurred at 814–815 K for the MA powder and at 818–821 K for the HP specimen, which were interpreted as the melting points of chalcostibite. Densely sintered compacts with densities close to the theoretical density were obtained using HP at temperatures of 623 K or higher. The constituent elements of the chalcostibites were uniformly distributed. As the HP temperature increased, thermal diffusivity and conductivity increased, but they decreased significantly as the measurement temperature increased. For the chalcostibite specimen hot-pressed at 623 K, the thermal diffusivity and conductivity were (0.75–0.36) × 10-2 cm2 s-1 and 1.47–0.72 W m-1 K-1 at 323–623 K, respectively. Compared with other Cu–Sb–S ternary compounds, the thermal diffusivity was higher at low temperatures but similar at high temperatures, and the thermal conductivity above 500 K was lower than 1 W m-1 K-1.
Estimation of Maximum zT in Cu3SbSe4 for Different Starting Materials Content
Authors: Lee Minkyu , Hwang Seong-Mee , Kim Se Jun , Seo Won-Seon , Kim Sang-il , Kim Hyun-Sik
Published: June 2024

Cu3SbSe4 is considered a promising thermoelectric material because of its large effective mass and low thermal conductivity, originating from its unique lattice structure. However, Cu3SbSe4 has intrinsically low carrier concentration and relatively high electric resistance which limit performance. Recently, a zT improvement in Cu3SbSe4 was reported where doping/precipitation is controlled by changing the content of the starting materials. However, the effect of these changes in starting content on electronic band structures has not been studied. Here, we investigate how the change in starting materials content (x varying from 6 to 20) affects band parameters like density-of-states effective mass (md *), non-degenerate mobility (μ0), weighted mobility (μW), and B-factor using the Single Parabolic Band (SPB) model. For x greater than 8, precipitation of the secondary phase (CuSe) was observed, and the band parameters changed differently for x greater than 8. The md * increases up to x = 8 and then rapidly decreases for x > 8. For μ0, an overall decrease is observed for increasing x, but the rate of decrease is suppressed for x > 8. The μW reaches the maximum at x = 8. As x increases, the experimental lattice thermal conductivity also increases, especially for x > 8. Therefore, the B-factor, which is directly related to the theoretical maximum zT, becomes maximum at = 8. Hence the SPB model predicts a maximum zT of 0.0484 for x = 8 at 300 K, which is 15.5% higher than the experimental zT of 0.0419, which can be achieved by tuning the Hall carrier concentration to 4.44 × 1019 cm-3.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RGEC (RISK, PROFILE, GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, EARNING, AND CAPITAL) PADA PT. BANK PERMATA Tbk. PERIODE 2019-2021
Authors: Simatupang Eva Malina , L. Tobing Vargo Christian , Banjarnahor Haposan
Published: June 2024

The purpose was to find out the soundness of the bank PT Bank Permata Tbk for the period 2019-2021 using the RGEC method. The population is the financial statements of PT Bank Permata Tbk and the samples are the statement of financial position (balance sheet), income statement, and notes to the financial statements of PT Bank Permata Tbk for the 2019-2021 period. The type of data used is quantitative data with secondary data, using data collection techniques, namely documentation techniques through the website of Bank Permata. The data processing technique used is a descriptive technique using the RGEC method. Based on the results of data processing, it can be concluded that PT Bank Permata Tbk in 2019 to 2021 obtained a composite rating (PK) 1 in the very healthy category. This reflects the condition of the bank which is generally very healthy, so it is considered very capable of dealing with significant negative influences and changes in business conditions and other external factors.
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL DAN KEBIJAKAN HUTANG TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Konsumsi Sub-Sektor Pengolahan Makanan Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2017-2021
Authors: Dewi Eka kusuma , Romadhina Anggun Putri
Published: June 2024

The definition of Corporate Social Responsibility can be seen in Law number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies (UUPT) article 1 paragraph 3 states that social and environmental responsibility is the company's commitment to participate in sustainable economic development in order to improve the quality of life and a beneficial environment, both for the company itself, the local community and society in general.  CSR emerged as a result of the modernization of society which already understands that activities carried out by companies can have a negative impact on the environment. Moreover, this is very close to the activities carried out by manufacturing companies because manufacturing companies are the companies that interact the most with the public. Factors that influence CSR disclosure in this research are managerial ownership and debt policy. This type of research uses quantitative research using secondary data in the form of company annual reports taken from the non-cyclical consumer sector, food processing subsector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017 to 2021. The sampling method uses purposive sampling. From the research results, it is proven that managerial ownership does not influence CSR disclosure and conversely debt policy influences CSR disclosure. Meanwhile, simultaneously, managerial ownership together with debt policy influence CSR disclosure.
Structure, function, and research progress of primary cilia in reproductive physiology and reproductive diseases
Authors: Long Xiaochuan , Chen Li , Xiao Xinyao , Min Xiayu , Wu Yao , Yang Zengming , Wen Xin
Published: June 2024

Primary cilia, serving as the central hub for cellular signal transduction, possess the remarkable ability to translate diverse extracellular signals, both chemical and mechanical, into intracellular responses. Their ubiquitous presence in the reproductive system underscores their pivotal roles in various cellular processes including development, differentiation, and migration. Emerging evidence suggests primary cilia as key players in reproductive physiology and associated pathologies. Notably, primary cilia have been identified in granulosa cells within mouse ovaries and uterine stromal cells, and perturbations in their structure and function have been implicated in a spectrum of reproductive dysfunctions and ciliary-related diseases. Furthermore, disruptions in primary cilia-mediated signal transduction pathways under pathological conditions exacerbate the onset and progression of reproductive disorders. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current research progress on primary cilia and their associated signaling pathways in reproductive physiology and diseases, with the aim of furnishing theoretical groundwork for the prevention and management of primary cilia-related structural and functional abnormalities contributing to reproductive system pathologies.
Inhibition mechanism investigation of quercetagetin as a potential tyrosinase inhibitor
Authors: Liang Faliang
Published: June 2024

Tyrosinase is one important rate limiting enzyme in melanin synthesis, directly affecting the melanin synthesis. Quercetagetin is one active ingredient from marigold. Thence, the inhibition effects of quercetagetin against tyrosinase were investigated. The results showed quercetagetin could inhibit tyrosinase activity with IC50 value of 0.19 ± 0.01 mM and the inhibition type was a reversible mixed-type. Results of fluorescence quenching showed quercetagetin could quench tyrosinase fluorescence in static process. CD and 3D fluorescence results showed the interaction of quercetagetin to tyrosinase could change tyrosinase conformation to inhibit activity. Moreover, docking revealed details of quercetagetin’s interactions with tyrosinase.
Constructing and implementing a green taxation system in China under the dual-carbon target
Authors: Liu Hehe
Published: June 2024

Reducing carbon dioxide emissions and achieving carbon neutrality have become hot topics of global concern. China has elevated its response to climate change to a national strategic level, where the green tax system plays a crucial role in implementing the dual-carbon strategy. This paper systematically analyzes the green tax systems of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)—encompassing environmental pollution taxes, energy taxes, vehicle and transportation taxes, and resource taxes. Based on this analysis, it proposes that China should establish a multifaceted green tax system including environmental protection tax, resource tax, and farmland occupation tax. Furthermore, it suggests an integrated approach combining systematic tax incentives such as corporate income tax, value-added tax, consumption tax, and vehicle purchase tax. This comprehensive green taxation framework, covering development, production, consumption, and emission stages, aims to drive high-quality green economic and social development through both tax incentives and restrictions, implementing a “dual-driving” mechanism. This study provides a basic framework and practical path for building a green tax system in China, especially studying the sources of different green taxes and their interrelationships, which enriches the theoretical and practical values related to taxation.
Causality of genetically proxied immunophenotypes on cardiovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Xuehan , Cheng Huixin , Feng Meng , Jiang Bing , Ren Chunzhen , Chen Qilin , Zhi Xiaodong , Li Yingdong
Published: June 2024

Background

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) stand as the foremost global cause of mortality, prompting a growing interest in using the potential of immune cells for heart injury treatment. This study aims to assess the causal association between immune cells and CVDs.

Methods

A total of 731 immune cells were derived from a previously published genome-wide association study (GWAS), which included approximately 22 million genetic variants among 3,757 individuals of Sardinian ancestry. Genetic associations with atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction and stroke were extracted from large-scale GWAS. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to assess the causal association between immune cells and CVDs. Replication MR analysis based on FinnGen dataset and meta-analysis are sequentially conducted to validate causal relationships.

Results

Collectively, genetically predicted 4 immune cell traits were associated with AF and 5 immune cell traits were associated with stroke. Increased levels of IgD- CD38dim absolute count were associated with a higher susceptibility to AF, while increased expression of CD14+ CD16+ monocytes, CD62L on CD62L+ myeloid dendritic cells, and CD16 on CD14- CD16+ monocytes were linked to a decreased susceptibility to AF. Additionally, an elevated susceptibility to stroke was linked to an increase in the percentage of CD39+ resting Tregs and heightened CD27 expression on IgD- CD38+ cells. Conversely, a decreased susceptibility to stroke was associated with increased CD40 expression on monocytes, particularly on CD14+ CD16+ and CD14+ CD16- monocytes, with the latter two showing the most compelling evidence.

Conclusion

This study identified several immune cell traits that have a causal relationship with CVDs, thus confirming that immune cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
Urinary complement biomarkers in immune-mediated kidney diseases
Authors: Kesarwani Vartika , Bukhari Muhammad Hamza , Kahlenberg J. Michelle , Wang Shudan
Published: June 2024

The complement system, an important part of the innate system, is known to play a central role in many immune mediated kidney diseases. All parts of the complement system including the classical, alternative, and mannose-binding lectin pathways have been implicated in complement-mediated kidney injury. Although complement components are thought to be mainly synthesized in the liver and activated in the circulation, emerging data suggest that complement is synthesized and activated inside the kidney leading to direct injury. Urinary complement biomarkers are likely a better reflection of inflammation within the kidneys as compared to traditional serum complement biomarkers which may be influenced by systemic inflammation. In addition, urinary complement biomarkers have the advantage of being non-invasive and easily accessible. With the rise of therapies targeting the complement pathways, there is a critical need to better understand the role of complement in kidney diseases and to develop reliable and non-invasive biomarkers to assess disease activity, predict treatment response and guide therapeutic interventions. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on urinary complement biomarkers of kidney diseases due to immune complex deposition (lupus nephritis, primary membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy) and due to activation of the alternative pathway (C3 glomerulopathy, thrombotic microangiography, ANCA-associated vasculitis). We also address the limitations of current research and propose future directions for the discovery of urinary complement biomarkers.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant for familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Bingjie Liu , Linlin Zhang , Futian Ma , Fan Xuan , Huan Du , Wu Xiaoli , Zhou Lixia , Fuxu Wang , Xuejun Zhang , Ying Wang
Published: June 2024

Objectives

This study aims to discuss the clinical manifestations and treatment of Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) caused by a mutation in the UNC13D gene.

Methods

A 6-year-old female child presented with unexplained febricity, splenomegaly, pancytopenia, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in bone marrow, decreased NK cell activity, soluble CD25 levels > 44000ng/ml. Genetic sequencing revealed a mutation in the UNC13D gene. Additionally, the patient experienced intermittent fever with seizures characterized by involuntary twitching of the left upper limb. Head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed white matter lesions.

Results

According to the HLH-2004 diagnostic criteria revised by the International Society of Histiocytosis the patient was diagnosed with FHL. Despite receiving HLH-2004 treatment, the disease relapsed. However, after a salvage allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT), febricity, abnormal blood cells, and neurological symptoms significantly improved.

Conclusions

Prompt performance of allogeneic HSCT is crucial upon diagnosis of FHL, especially when neurological involvement is present.
Analyzing the quality differences between healthy and moldy cigar tobacco leaves during the air-curing process through fungal communities and physicochemical components
Authors: Fu Kejian , Song Xueru , Cui Yonghe , Zhou Qi , Yin Yuming , Zhang Jilai , Zhou Hongyin , Su Youbo
Published: June 2024

Introduction

The air-curing process of cigar tobacco, as a key step in enhancing the quality of cigars, is often susceptible to contamination by mold spores, which severely constrains the quality of cigar tobacco.

Methods

This study employed high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology and a continuous flow analysis system to analyze the differences between the microbial communities and physicochemical components of moldy and healthy cigar tobacco leaves. Furthermore, correlation analysis was performed to reveal the impact of mold on the quality of cigar tobacco.

Results

The differences between the microbial flora and physicochemical compositions of moldy (MC) and healthy (HC) tobacco leaves were analyzed, revealing significant disparities between the two groups. Aspergillus spp. represented the dominant mold in MC, with nine out of twelve isolated molds showing higher quantities on MC than on HC. Mold contamination notably decreased the total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total alkaloids (TA), starch, protein, and flavor constituents while increasing the total fatty acid esters (TFAA), which was accompanied by a shift towards weakly acidic pH in the leaves. Fungal community analysis indicated a significant reduction in the fungal operational taxonomic unit (OUT) numbers and diversity indices in MC, contrasting with the bacterial trends. Aspergillus exhibited significantly higher relative abundance in MC, with LEfSe analysis pinpointing it as the primary driver of differentiation. Furthermore, significant negative correlations were observed between Aspergillus and TP, starch, TA, and protein, while a significant positive association was evident with TFAA. Network analysis underscored the pivotal role of Aspergillus as the species influencing disparities between HC and MC, with its abundance serving as a critical determinant during the air-curing process.

Discussion

This study elucidated substantial quality distinctions between MC and HC during air-curing, with Aspergillus emerging as the key species contributing to leaf mold.
Effectiveness of galcanezumab on sleep quality, migraine outcome, and multidimensional patient-reported outcome measures: a real-world experience in Turkish patients with episodic and chronic migraine
Authors: Ilgaz Aydinlar Elif , Erdogan Soyukibar Tuba , Yalinay Dikmen Pinar
Published: June 2024

Introduction

This real-world study aimed to investigate the impact of galcanezumab on sleep quality, migraine outcome and multidimensional patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) in patients with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM).

Methods

Fifty-four patients with episodic migraine (n = 24) or chronic migraine (n = 30) received a 3-month series of galcanezumab injections and were evaluated for sleep quality, measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), as well as migraine outcomes such as monthly headache days (MHDs), monthly migraine days (MMDs), and headache severity. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) such as the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS), Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), SF-36 Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were additionally included in the assessment.

Results

The percentage of patients with poor sleep quality (total PSQI scores ≥ 5) was 72.7% at baseline, decreasing to 57.5% and 56.2% at the 1st and 2nd months, respectively. By the 3rd month of galcanezumab injections, significant improvement was observed in the sleep disturbances domain in the overall study population (p = 0.016), and in subgroups of patients with low anxiety levels (p = 0.016) and none/minimal depression (p = 0.035) at baseline. Patients with sleep disorder at baseline exhibited marked improvements in total PSQI scores (p = 0.027) and in the subjective sleep quality (p = 0.034) and daytime dysfunction (p = 0.013) domains, by the 3rd month. Over the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months, there were significant improvements in MHDs (p < 0.001), MMDs (p < 0.001), HIT-6 scores (p < 0.001 for each), BAI scores (p < 0.001 for each), BDI scores (p ranged from 0.048 to <0.001), and HRQoL scores (p ranged from 0.012 to <0.001).

Conclusion

Galcanezumab demonstrates notable benefits in improving sleep quality, along with a comorbidity-based and domain-specific effect on sleep parameters, which involved sleep disturbances domain in patients without depression or anxiety at baseline but the total PSQI scores, subjective sleep quality and daytime dysfunction in those with sleep disorder at baseline. The treatment also facilitates rapid-onset enhancements in migraine outcomes as well as various PROMs.
Orthorectic behavior among students and motivation for physical activity, dietary habits, and restrictive eating
Authors: Rozmiarek Mateusz , Grajek Mateusz , Krupa-Kotara Karolina , Malchrowicz-Mośko Ewa
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Orthorexia lacks official recognition as an eating disorder; however, orthorexic behaviors, associated with a stringent selection of food, may serve as a predisposing factor to the development of eating disorders. It is characterized by an obsessive preoccupation with healthy eating and strict dietary standards, often prevalent in high-risk groups such as athletes and individuals concerned with their physical appearance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of orthorexia among students exhibiting varying lifestyles (including dietary habits and levels of physical activity, along with their respective motivational factors). The research involved 600 participants equally distributed between health-related (HRF) and non-health-related (NRF) academic categories, with the majority of participants in the HRF category being women.

Methods

Assessments included BMI calculations, dietary evaluation based on Polish standards, categorization of physical activity levels, the EMI-2 questionnaire on motivation to exercise, the DOS test for orthorexia propensity, and the TFEQ-13 questionnaire for eating behavior.

Results and discussion

Results showed that primary motivators for physical activity included disease prevention, health maintenance, strength/endurance, and physical appearance. Orthorexia tendencies were prevalent, particularly in the HRF group, linked to lower BMI, better diet quality, higher physical activity levels, and a higher prevalence of restrictive eating. In conclusion, students in health-related fields, driven by a strong health consciousness, are at risk of orthorexia. This emphasizes the need for balanced health education and support.

Conclusion

Orthorexic tendencies are associated with distorted perceptions of food portions and calories, underscoring the importance of awareness and intervention.
Kratom safety and toxicology in the public health context: research needs to better inform regulation
Authors: Henningfield Jack E. , Grundmann Oliver , Huestis Marilyn A. , Smith Kirsten E.
Published: June 2024

Although kratom use has been part of life for centuries in Southeast Asia, the availability and use of kratom in the United States (US) increased substantially since the early 2000s when there was little information on kratom pharmacology, use patterns, and effects, all critical to guiding regulation and policy. Here we provide a synthesis of research with several hundred English-language papers published in the past 5 years drawing from basic research, epidemiological and surveillance data, and recent clinical research. This review of available literature aims to provide an integrated update regarding our current understanding of kratom’s benefits, risks, pharmacology, and epidemiology, which may inform United States-based kratom regulation. Recent surveillance indicates there are likely several million past-year kratom consumers, though estimates vary widely. Even without precise prevalence data, kratom use is no longer a niche, with millions of United States adults using it for myriad reasons. Despite its botanical origins in the coffee tree family and its polypharmacy, kratom is popularly characterized as an opioid with presumed opioid-system-based risks for addiction or overdose. Neuropharmacology, toxicology, and epidemiology studies show that kratom is more accurately characterized as a substance with diverse and complex pharmacology. Taken together the work reviewed here provides a foundation for future scientific studies, as well as a guide for ongoing efforts to regulate kratom. This work also informs much-needed federal oversight, including by the United States Food and Drug Administration. We conclude with recommendations for kratom regulation and research priorities needed to address current policy and knowledge gaps around this increasingly used botanical product.