bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Th1/Th2 Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms in Patients With Uterine Fibroid
Authors: Sosna O. , Kolesár Libor , Slavčev A. , Skibová J. , Fait T. , Mara M. , Stříž I. , Kužel D.
Published: September 2024

Uterine fibroid or leiomyoma is a frequent non-malignant tumour with unknown aetiology and pathogenesis. The aim of our study was to look for possible genetic markers which could be used as prognostic tools for evaluation of an increased risk for development of uterine fibroid. A large spectrum of Th1/Th2 cytokine gene polymorphisms in 102 patients with uterine leiomyoma was compared with 145 healthy controls. An association between polymorphisms of the IL4 gene promotor at positions -590 C/T and -33 C/T, and the risk of leiomyoma was observed. The CC genotype of IL4 -590 and at position -33 was less frequent in the patient group than in the control group (P = 0.03). Besides IL-4, we observed different genotype distribution of the TNFA gene -308 A/G. The frequency of genotype AA was higher in the younger (≤ 35 years) patient group (P = 0.02). Our study thus suggests that certain cytokine gene polymorphisms, especially of the IL4 and TNFA genes, may be associated with increased risk for development of uterine fibroid. Further investigation would be needed to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for these associations.
Comparative transcriptomics of broad‐spectrum and synthetic cannabidiol treated C2C12 skeletal myotubes
Authors: Gillham Scott H. , Cole Paige L. , Viggars Mark R. , Nolan Andy H. , Close Graeme L. , Owens Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

Cannabidiol (CBD) is widely used in sports for recovery, pain management, and sleep improvement, yet its effects on muscle are not well understood. This study aimed to determine the transcriptional response of murine skeletal muscle myotubes to broad‐spectrum CBD and synthetic CBD (sCBD). Differentiated C2C12 myotubes were treated with 10 μM CBD, sCBD, or vehicle control (DMSO) for 24 h before RNA extraction. Poly‐A tail‐enriched mRNA libraries were constructed and sequenced using 2 × 50 bp paired‐end sequencing. CBD and sCBD treatment induced 4489 and 1979 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; p < 0.001, FDR step‐up <0.05), respectively, with common upregulation of 857 genes and common downregulation of 648 genes. Common upregulated DEGs were associated with “response to unfolded protein,” “cell redox homeostasis,” “endoplasmic reticulum stress,” “oxidative stress,” and “cellular response to hypoxia.” Common downregulated DEGs were linked to “sarcomere organization,” “skeletal muscle tissue development,” “regulation of muscle contraction,” and “muscle contraction.” CBD treatment induced unique DEGs compared to sCBD. The data indicate CBD may induce mild cellular stress, activating pathways associated with altered redox balance, unfolded protein response, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. We hypothesize that CBD interacts with muscle and may elicit a “mitohormetic” effect that warrants further investigation.
From London to the Continent: Rethinking Corporate Governance Codes in Europe
Authors: Marchetti Piergaetano , Passador Maria Lucia
Published: September 2024

This paper critically evaluates the arguments proposed by Cheffins and Reddy in their recent article, advocating for the abolition of the UK Corporate Governance Code with the promise of substantial benefits to the market. The exploration primarily delves into the potential ramifications of such a proposal on other European jurisdictions, where Codes of corporate governance hold significant sway in the corporate domain, reflecting a spectrum of legal and cultural traditions. While the article under scrutiny is geographically confined to the United Kingdom, the ramifications of such a proposal extend far beyond, resonating deeply with the pervasive influence of the UK Code of Corporate Governance even within continental Europe, urging a comprehensive examination.The analysis begins by revisiting the arguments advanced by the authors and scrutinizing them in light of the Continental European context. This examination reveals several concerns that necessitate attention. We contend that despite geographic limitations, the Code serves as a valuable and adaptable instrument for fostering accountability, transparency, and innovation in markets transcending borders and jurisdictions. Its continued relevance is underscored by its utility in addressing emergent issues and governance challenges, particularly in the realm of ESG and auditing. Consequently, the proposition of its abolition carries significant drawbacks for both companies and investors alike. In conclusion, we assert that European jurisdictions should not dismiss Codes of corporate governance outright, but rather advocate for their refinement and adaptation to the evolving imperatives of the globalized 130economy. Such an approach is deemed imperative to maintain and enhance corporate governance standards, thereby ensuring the continued integrity and efficiency of European markets.
Tax Reforms and the Decline of the London Stock Market: The Untold Story
Authors: Gomtsian Suren , Schuster Edmund
Published: September 2024

234
Various reasons have been put forward for the declining global relevance of the London equity market. Reform proposals and changes already implemented target some of the major problems identified as reasons for the stock market’s decline. Surprisingly, tax related explanations for the current state of the UK stock market are largely absent from the discourse. This paper argues that the preferential tax treatment of the dividend income of UK pension funds and insurance companies introduced in the early 1970s and repealed in the mid 1990s first contributed to the UK stock market’s growth by implicitly subsidising financing via equity and encouraging the flow of the funds of these investors into the market, and subsequently led to the market’s decline as a result of the outflow of the funds of the two major classes of institutional investors: UK pension funds and insurance companies. The key implication of this argument is that omitting tax as a major factor in the decline of the UK stock market risks ending up with reforms that can, at best, do little to change the current situation.
Design, synthesis, and characterization of novel copolymer gel particles for water-plugging applications
Authors: Zhang Ding-Jun , Zhang Mei-Ju , Luo Zhan-Dong , Zhang Sheng-Xiang
Published: September 2024

Multi-stage plugging represents a promising strategy for enhancing production and injection rates in medium-and low-permeability oilfields. Despite its potential, the efficacy of current plugging agents, particularly hydrophobically bonded water-soluble polyacrylamide-based gel microspheres, is hindered by notable drawbacks such as low stability and inadequate compressive strength. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of water plugging mechanisms coupled with the optimization of gel microsphere properties is essential for advancing the development of gel-based plugging agents with superior characteristics or intelligent regulatory capabilities. The P(AA-AM-[PrSO3]Vim) ionic liquid copolymerized gel particles were designed and synthesized by using microfluidic technique and titration gel method with AM, acrylic acid (AA), 1-vinylimidazole (Vim) and 1,3-propylsulfonyl lactone (PrSO3) as the raw materials. The morphology and structure of the copolymer gel particles were characterized, and the effects of [PrSO3]Vim and cross-linker content on the water-absorbing properties and strength of the gel particles were investigated. When the amount of [PrSO3]Vim was 12%, the concentration of crosslinker was 1.5%, and the temperature was 40°C, the water absorption capacity reached the maximum value of 163 g·g−1. The strength of the P(AA–AM–[PrSO3]Vim) spherical gel particles was maximized at a [PrSO3]Vim content of 4%. Furthermore, the chemical and physical roles of the P(AA–AM–[PrSO3]Vim) spherical gel particles were studied in a typical water-plugging environment. This study provides experimental data and a theoretical basis for the application of functional spherical gel-plugging particles in current oilfield environments.
Histone methylation and acetylation in cancer: mechanism, progression, and targets
Authors: Bu Su , Ye Ting , Gao Hang , Song Hang , Zhu Yongfu
Published: September 2024

Along with the continuous development of chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and its derivative technologies, as well as an increased understanding of epigenetic modification, the post-translational modification of histones has gradually been revealed, including their acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination, and their roles in diseases, especially cancer, have also been gradually explored. The role and regulation of histone methylation and acetylation in cancer and the mechanism of action of drugs have been thoroughly discussed. In particular, the review highlights recent advances in the development of epigenetic-targeted therapies and the challenges that remain in translating these findings into clinical applications. Research on epigenetic-targeted drugs is in its infancy, and more research in the fields of dominant biology, structural biology, and pharmacodynamics is needed. Through this review, the authors aim to provide theoretical guidance for the construction and clinical transformation of histone methylation and acetylation.
Use of different vegetation indices for the evaluation of the kinetics of the cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) growth based on multispectral images by UAV
Authors: Chávez-Martínez Osiris , Monjardin-Armenta Sergio Alberto , Rangel-Peraza Jesús Gabriel , Sanhouse-García Antonio Jesus , Mora-Felix Zuriel Dathan , Plata-Rocha Wenseslao
Published: September 2024

This study evaluated seven vegetation indices for the monitoring of a cherry tomato crop using an unmanned aerial vehicle with a multispectral camera that measures in the green, red, and near-infrared spectral bands. A photogrammetric flight plan was designed to capture the spectral images every 2 weeks in two agricultural parcels identified as Treatment 1 (

T

1

{T}_{1}

) and Treatment 2 (

T

2

{T}_{2}

). The corresponding orthophotographs were obtained using digital photogrammetry techniques. Subsequently, vegetation indices were calculated for these orthophotographs. The mean and standard deviation of these indices were extracted, and a statistical analysis was performed to compare the vegetation indices and to analyze their behavior over time. Analysis of variance showed that the ratio vegetation index (RVI), green vegetation index (GVI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), infrared percentage vegetation index (IPVI), green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI), and optimized soil-adjusted vegetation index (OSAVI) indices showed significant variation (P-value <0.05) over time. No statistically significant differences between the two treatments were found. IPVI, NDVI, and OSAVI showed less variation in pixel values. RVI, GVI, NDVI, IPVI, GNDVI, and OSAVI proved to be valuable tools for monitoring field crops since these indices responded to the crop growth kinetics.
Bedingungsloses vs. haushaltstyp- und wohnortabhängiges Grundeinkommen: Simulation verschiedener Reformszenarien für Deutschland
Authors: Bätz Benjamin , Becker Susanne , Calisse Frank , Englmann Frank , Isaak Niklas , Jessen Robin , Thiele Jonathan
Published: September 2024

Das Bedingungslose Grundeinkommen (BGE) zählt zu den bekanntesten Vorschlägen für eine Reform der Grundsicherung. Befürworter*innen erhoffen sich eine Vereinfachung des Sozialstaats. Frank Englmann, Robin Jessen, Benjamin Bätz, Susanne Becker, Frank Calisse, Niklas Isaak und Jonathan Thiele zeigen in diesem Beitrag, dass bei Einführung eines Grundeinkommens indes nur eine Auswahl an bestehenden Sozialleistungen wegfallen könnte. Die Autor*innen untersuchen via Mikrosimulation die Verteilungswirkung dreier Reformszenarien bei Einführung eines Grundeinkommens und gleichzeitiger Streichung ausgewählter Sozialleistungen. Die Gegenfinanzierung erfolgt jeweils durch Varianten einer Einkommensteuererhöhung. Wenn man zu erwartende Arbeitsangebotsreaktionen ins Kalkül einbezieht, sind die untersuchten BGE-Reformen nicht finanzierbar – zielgenauere Alternativszenarien, die den jeweiligen Haushaltskontext und die Mietkosten berücksichtigen, hingegen schon. Im Vergleich zum Status quo erfolgt in allen Szenarien eine starke Umverteilung nach unten.
Complex Palais matrix and a new unitary transform with bounded component norms
Authors: Kudo Shuhei
Published: September 2024

The Palais matrix represents an

n

n

-dimensional rotation between two vectors that is functionally equivalent to the Householder reflection. This study introduces a one-parameter family of unitary transforms, termed the

θ

\theta

transform, which encompasses the transform by the Palais matrix, the Householder reflection, and their unitary extensions. Furthermore, we define the

θ

∠

{\theta }_{\angle }

transform, a variant of the

θ

\theta

transform featuring bounded component norms. It is demonstrated that the

θ

∠

{\theta }_{\angle }

transform is computationally efficient and backward stable when one of the vectors has the “one-hot” structure, making it highly valuable for matrix decompositions such as the QR decomposition. In addition, the

θ

\theta

transform exhibits additional characteristics, including its convergence to the identity and the rowwise structure of its backward error.
Impacto de las tecnologías digitales y estrategias sustentables en la rentabilidad de las Mipyme del sector turístico en México
Authors: Molina Sánchez Rubén , Hernández Vargas Carlos Javier Hernández Vargas , Medina Mata Ivette
Published: September 2024

La digitalización y el desarrollo sustentable son cruciales para la competitividad de las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (Mipyme) mexicanas si se desea mejorar procesos, obtener ventajas competitivas y buscar el equilibrio económico, ambiental y social en las actividades económicas. Este estudio se centra en el sector turístico mexicano. El objetivo fue analizar la influencia de la digitalización y el desarrollo sustentable en el rendimiento de estas empresas, a partir de una muestra de 555 Mipyme, utilizando ocho medidas de rendimiento como variables dependientes: calidad de productos, eficiencia, satisfacción del cliente, predisposición al cambio, crecimiento en ventas, rentabilidad financiera, satisfacción de empleados y ausentismo laboral. Los resultados con un modelo de regresión logística indican una relación directa y significativa entre las estrategias de digitalización y sustentabilidad y la mayoría de las variables de rendimiento. Esto sugiere que el sector empresarial, los consultores y el gobierno pueden impulsar estas estrategias para fortalecer a las empresas nacionales.
Hipopotam w błocie. Zbigniewa Herberta kłopoty z katolicyzmem
Authors:   Instytut Filologii, Uniwersytet Pomorski w Słupsku, Tomasik Tomasz
Published: September 2024

This article discusses Zbigniew Herbert’s attitude to Catholicism during the 1940s. The fledgling poet was then in a period of intense intellectual and religious enquiry. He began collaborating with Catholic magazines, attempting to publish his poetic and journalistic texts. In his correspondence he discussed with various other authors the ideaological attractiveness of preconciliar Catholicism, at the time the most serious counterproposal to the Marxist ideology.
Wokół definicji i historii mangi
Authors:   Wydział Nauk Humanistycznych, Uniwersytet Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie, Chudoba Marcin
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the history of Japanese manga, covering the period from the 6th century AD to the present day, and its relationship to the art of the Land of the Cherry Blossoms. In the course of the discussion, attention is drawn to the exaggerated refinement of the roots of pictorial stories among their researchers. The article also demonstrates that the factors most influential on the birth of manga were the rise of the press, exposure to Europeans in the 19th century, occupation of Japan by the United States and American pop culture. The paper further discusses the etymology of the word manga and pays attention to its ambiguity.
Therapeutic Potential of Secretome Hypoxia Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Downregulation of TNF-α and HIF-2α in Metabolic Syndrome-Induced Inflammation in Wistar Rats
Authors: Dewi Alisia Martha , Trisnasi Setyo , Putra Agung , Chodijah Chodijah , Sarosa Hadi , Mulyani Sri Priyantini , Amalina Nur Dina , Ibrahim Sugeng
Published: September 2024

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a global health challenge with several associated issues, such as obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Important proteins such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Hypoxia Inducible Factor-2 alpha (HIF-2α) regulate the inflammatory process by inducing the expression of pro-inflammatory proteins. Secretome Hypoxia Mesenchymal Stem Cells (SH-MSCs) are immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic stimulators, which can regulate various inflammatory diseases, including MetS.
Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of administering SH-MSCSs on the expression of the TNF-α and Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF)-2α genes in the male Wistar rat model with Metabolic Syndrome.
Method: This research is an experimental study with a Post-test Only Control Group Design, using a total of 24 male Wistar rats divided into four groups: T1 (Healthy control), T2 (MetS + NaCl), T3 (MetS + administration of SH-MSCs dose 150 uL), and T4 (MetS + administration of SH-MSCs dose 300 uL). SH-MSCSs were administered intraperitoneally four times over 14 days. Adipose tissue TNF-α and HIF-2α gene expression were measured on day 15 using qRT-PCR.
Results: TNF-α and HIF-2α gene expression was significantly lower in T3 and T4, compared with the MetS control group (T2).
Conclusion: Administration of SH-MSCs was able to reduce the expression of the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α) and Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF)-2α genes in fatty tissue in the male Wistar rat model with Metabolic Syndrome.
The role of receptor activity-modifying proteins in obesity and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Malcharek Milena A , Pearce Abigail , Brighton Cheryl A , Hornigold David C , Ladds Graham
Published: September 2024

Receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) modulate the expression and activity of numerous G protein-coupled receptors, primarily those within class B1. These receptors have important physiological roles, including the regulation of food intake, energy metabolism, and glucose homeostasis. Dysregulation of these pathways can lead to obesity and diabetes mellitus, which present an ever-expanding global challenge. Whilst the roles of class B1 receptors and their peptide agonists in obesity and diabetes have been investigated, the contribution of RAMPs is less well understood. This review summarises the results of RAMP knockout studies, highlighting the involvement of these proteins in the incidence of disease. It then moves to discuss how receptor, RAMP, and agonist expression change in disease states, and the benefits (or detriments) of these agonists to the pathways implicated in disease pathophysiology. Whilst much of the data centres around the calcitonin family of receptors, as their interactions with RAMPs are well established, this review then discusses receptors whose roles in obesity and diabetes are well founded, but the significance of whose interactions with RAMPs is more recently emerging. The conclusion of this study of the literature is, however, that the information surrounding RAMPs is conflicting and multifaceted, and more research is required to fully understand their contribution to obesity and diabetes.
O sentido filosófico do humanismo médico en Rof Carballo
Authors: Pose Carlos
Published: September 2024

O humanismo ainda non ten esgotadas tódalas posibilidades de interpretación e desenrolo. Nin a antiga visión renacentista ou clásica do humanismo nin a máis moderna visión positivista ou científico-técnica encaixan na visión da escola do humanismo médico galego. Neste traballo, tras un breve percorrido polos sentidos do humanismo ao longo da historia, situaremos a Rof Carballo como un dos alicerces da visión filosófica ou socrática do humanismo médico. Para iso partiremos do feito de que a súa obra pode dividirse en tres etapas e non só en dúas, sendo a última de carácter eminentemente filosófico; e de seguido recolleremos tres notas da súa visión filosófica do humanismo, o que leva a definir a súa Antropoloxía médica, teoricamente, fronte ao positivismo médico; emocionalmente, fronte ao humanismo renacentista, e practicamente, fronte á actitude meramente compasiva.
Aproximación a la desinformación y su incidencia en el Derecho Penal
Authors: Núñez Castaño Elena
Published: September 2024

La desinformación es uno de los fenómenos que está siendo objeto de especial preocupación por parte de los Estados y de las Instituciones internacionales por las graves consecuencias que una campaña de desinformación puede representar para los fundamentos básicos de un sistema democrático. Se plantea, por ello, la posibilidad de establecer controles que permitan reducir sus efectos. Controles entre los que también se encontraría el recurso al ordenamiento jurídico. Este trabajo se centra en tres aspectos fundamentales: la delimitación del concepto de desinformación respecto de otros similares, la incidencia que una regulación o control puede tener en los derechos fundamentales, esencialmente la libertad de información y, en tercer lugar, las posibles respuestas que el ordenamiento jurídico, y más concretamente el Derecho penal puede ofrecer en estos casos. Finalizando el estudio con el análisis de la cuestionable posibilidad de que la criminalización de la información falsa pudiera ser una solución legítima.
Lengua de Señas Peruana (LSP): marco legal de la promoción y protección
Authors: Chavez Ortiz Patricia , Ramirez Quispe Victor Raúl
Published: September 2024

Este documento fornece um relato histórico da base jurídica que apoia o uso, a promoção e a proteção da Língua de Sinais Peruana (LSP). Foi realizada uma análise da estrutura jurídica internacional e nacional que promove e protege o uso da LSP, identificando os avanços e os desafios em relação ao cumprimento dos direitos da comunidade surda peruana em termos do uso da língua de sinais. Esse estudo é justificado pela necessidade de reconhecer e fortalecer os direitos linguísticos da comunidade surda peruana, promovendo a inclusão e o respeito à diversidade cultural e linguística no Peru. Para tanto, foi utilizada uma metodologia de análise documental e pesquisa teórica. O ponto de partida foram os tratados aprovados pela Comunidade Internacional, nos quais as línguas de sinais são reconhecidas como parte integrante da diversidade linguística e cultural das pessoas surdas. Além disso, foi realizada uma análise normativa interna da legislação peruana. Por fim, foram mencionados alguns desafios enfrentados pela comunidade surda peruana em relação à estrutura jurídica nacional. Embora tenha havido um progresso significativo na legislação, tanto nacional quanto internacionalmente, persistem barreiras na implementação efetiva dos direitos das pessoas surdas. Conclui-se que é necessário que as leis sejam mais específicas em termos das responsabilidades do Estado e que garantam sua aplicação.
Abrazar el multilingüismo: caminos para la reivindicación de una historia olvidada
Authors: Flores Farfán José Antonio
Published: September 2024

El multilingüismo es fundamental al hablar de la riqueza cultural de la sociedad; sin embargo, ha sido sistemáticamente marginado por las ideologías monolingües que descienden del colonialismo. Además, este imperialismo lingüístico se extiende también a diversas áreas de estudio, lo cual devela la ideología dominante en el mundo académico. Esta situación, en la que el monolingüismo se posiciona como el paradigma dominante en las distintas sociedades del mundo, exige una mirada transformadora que permita que la diversidad lingüística se desarrolle con orgullo y donde el multilingüismo dé espacio a que todos tengamos un lugar digno dentro de la sociedad. Así, sumando esfuerzos con los propios hablantes de lenguas originarias y generando materiales multimodales desde el interior de dichas comunidades, será más fácil crear modelos que reivindiquen el patrimonio cultural a nivel mundial.
Madres con hijas sordas. Estrategias de apoyo para las actividades escolares
Authors: Muñoz-Vilugrón Karina , Lara-Coronado Jesús
Published: September 2024

O contacto que a escola tem com as famílias com filhas surdas tem sido feito sobretudo pelas mães, que assumem a responsabilidade de saber como as suas filhas estão a evoluir. Com base no exposto, o objetivo deste artigo é desvendar as estratégias de apoio educativo utilizadas pelas mães com as suas filhas surdas. Os participantes foram 4 mães: 2 ouvintes e 2 surdas. Para a recolha da informação foi utilizada uma entrevista semi-estruturada em formato oral e em Língua GestualChilena. Os resultados são apresentados em três categorias derivadas das dimensões do instrumento: 1) preparação de apoios ou estratégias; 2) implementação e apoio de estratégias, e 3) apoio de estratégias para avaliações. Nesta última, o uso da tecnologia e das plataformas digitais são mencionados como os recursos mais eficazes. Em conclusão, destaca-se na família surda, com base na experiência como mãe surda, uma procura de apoio visual, que é mais evidente ao nível da escrita na mãe ouvinte. Para além disso, gera uma relação positiva na aprendizagem dos alunos surdos para —a partir destas realidades linguístico-culturais— extrair informações que permitam o desenvolvimento de estratégias de aprendizagem, que incluam uma visão da cultura surda no processo educativo que integre as suas formas de compreender o mundo através de características visuo-gestuais.
Differences in Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of The Community Parrots in Ternate and Sofifi, North Maluku
Authors: Ramadani Annisa , Setia Tatang Mitra , Mangunjaya Fachruddin M. , Siregar Benny A. , Basalamah Fitriah
Published: September 2024

Abstract The community's habit of owning wild animals is still ongoing until now. This has become one of the threats to the existence of wildlife in their natural habitat. Parrots, with their ability to imitate surrounding sounds, have become a popular pet choice. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the influence of knowledge, attitudes, and practices about parrots on the profile of the community. The study differentiates between those who owner bird and those who do not. Data collection was conducted for two months in Ternate and Sofifi, North Maluku. The method used was purposive sampling, interviewing as many as 104 respondents who had been determined. The interview data was processed into multiple linear regression values and canonical correlations. The results of this research identified that the majority of those who owned parrots were aged between 42–57 (36%); female (52%); with high school graduates (46%); and engaged in various professions, such as housewives or entrepreneurs (71%). On the other hand, those who were non-owner parrots were dominated by individuals aged 10–25 (46%); male (65%); with undergraduate degrees (62%); and categorized as students (38%). The results of this study show that knowledge and attitudes have an influence on education, profession, and age of the community on the topic of curly-billed bird maintenance. Abstrak Kebiasaan masyarakat memiliki satwa liar masih berlangsung hingga sekarang. Hal ini menjadi salah satu ancaman terhadap keberadaan satwa liar di habitat aslinya. Burung paruh bengkok memiliki kemampuan meniru suara di sekitarnya, dan menjadi satwa liar yang populer sebagai peliharaan. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan, sikap, dan kesadaran tentang pemeliharaan burung paruh bengkok terhadap profil masyarakat. Studi ini membedakan, antara masyarakat yang memelihara burung dan yang tidak. Pengumpulan data dilakukan selama dua bulan di Kota Ternate dan Sofifi, Maluku Utara. Metode yang digunakan purposive sampling, mewawancarai sebanyak 104 responden yang telah ditentukan. Data wawancara tersebut diolah menggunakan software SPSS 22.0 untuk memperoleh nilai regresi linier berganda dan kolerasi kanonikal. Hasil penelitian, mengidentifikasi bahwa mayoritas dari mereka yang memiliki burung paruh bengkok berusia antara 42–57 (36%); berjenis kelamin perempuan (52%); tingkat pendidikan SMA (46%); dan memiliki profesi lainnya, seperti ibu rumah tangga atau pengusaha (71%). Di sisi lain, masyarakat yang tidak memelihara burung paruh bengkok, didominasi yang berusia 10–25 (46%); berjenis kelamin laki-laki (65%); tingkat pendidikan sarjana (62%); dan lebih ddidominasi oleh pelajar/mahasiswa (38%). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan dan sikap memiliki pengaruh dengan pendidikan, profesi, dan usia masyarakat terhadap topik pemeliharaan burung paruh bengkok.
The Utilization of Cajuput Leaf Waste as Organic Fertilizer on Plant Tomatoes Growth and Development
Authors: Widiana Ana , Ukit Ukit , Sudrajat Azat
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe annual production of cajuput oil in Indonesia can reach 88,607 tons. This has implications on the accumulation of the waste. One of the efforts to reduce the amount of cajuput waste is to use this waste as organic fertilizer. This study aimed to determine the content of C, N, P, and K of cajuput leaf waste fertilizer and their effect on the growth and development of tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum L.). This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with P0+ treatment (EM4 fertilizer); P0- (no fertilizer); and treatment with the ratio (%) of cajuput leaf waste fertilizer: chicken manure, including P1 (100:0); P2 (75:25); P3(50:50); P4 (25:75); P5(0:100). The results showed that P2 treatment had a higher content of N-total (2.82%) and C-Organic (44.28%) with a C/N ratio of 15.70%, directly proportional to the results of the best vegetative growth response, indicated by a plant height of 125.75 cm, stem diameter 0.665 cm, and the 15.75 number of leaves. The P2 treatment was considered to have the best for tomato plant development by producing fruit sizes (diameter; length) up to 3.40 cm; 3.49 cm with a weight of 20 g.AbstrakProduksi tahunan minyak kayu putih di Indonesia bisa mencapai 88.607 ton. Hal ini berimplikasi pada penumpukan sampah. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi jumlah limbah daun kayu putih adalah dengan memanfaatkan limbah tersebut sebagai pupuk organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan C, N, P, dan K pupuk limbah daun kayu putih serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Perlakuan P0+ (pupuk EM4); P0- (tanpa pupuk); dan perlakuan dengan perbandingan (%) pupuk limbah daun kayu putih dengan kotoran ayam, di antaranya P1 (100:0); P2 (75:25); P3 (50:50); P4 (25:75); P5 (0:100). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan P2 memiliki kandungan N-total (2,82%) dan C-Organik (44,28%) yang lebih tinggi dengan rasio C/N 15,70%, berbanding lurus dengan hasil respon pertumbuhan vegetatif terbaik yang ditunjukkan oleh tinggi tanaman 125,75 cm, diameter batang 0,665 cm dan jumlah daun 15,75. Perlakuan P2 dinilai paling baik untuk perkembangan tanaman tomat dengan menghasilkan ukuran buah (diameter; panjang) hingga 3,40 cm; 3,49 cm dengan berat 20 g.
Diversity of Diurnal Butterflies (Lepidoptera) in Three Different Habitats in Batutegi Protected Forest, Lampung
Authors: Ruslan Hasni , Sumayyah Sumayyah , Darmawan Reza Taufiq , Murti Alena Puspa , Cahyani Regitha , Birowo Wirayudho
Published: September 2024

AbstractBatutegi protected forest has various ecosystems that are habitat for butterfly species despite being largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of diurnal butterflies in three different habitats of Batutegi Protected Forest, Lampung. Sampling using exploration methods was conducted in forest, river, and swamp habitat. The results showed that swamp habitat had 28 species, river habitat had 19 species, and forest habitat had 20 species. Shannon-Wiener diversity index for all habitat was at moderate level. Hutchinson's t-test results showed diversity index between three habitats was significantly different. Evenness index was at high level. The Nymphalidae family had the greatest number of species and individuals, while Lycaenidae and Riodinidae had the least. Eurema hecabe was found the highest in swamp vegetation. Cupha erymanthis was found the highest in river vegetation. Euthalia monina was found the highest in forest vegetation. Two protected species, Trogonoptera brookiana and Troides helena, were observed. Butterfly diversity was affected by habitat condition. This study can serve as fundamental reference in determining vegetation suitability for stabilizing Batutegi Protected Forest for educational and ecotourism purposes.AbstrakHutan Lindung Batutegi memiliki beragam ekosistem yang menjadi habitat spesies kupu-kupu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis kupu-kupu di tiga habitat Hutan Lindung Batutegi, Lampung.  Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode eksplorasi di habitat rawa, sungai dan hutan. Jumlah spesies kupu-kupu ditemukan terbanyak pada habitat rawa sebanyak 28 spesies, spesies kupu-kupu di habitat hutan sebanyak 20 spesies, dan di habitat sungai sebanyak 19 spesies. Komposisi spesies kupu-kupu yang terdapat di habitat rawa dan sungai memiliki tingkat kesamaan yang tinggi. Indeks keanekaragaman kupu-kupu pada tiga habitat tergolong sedang. Hasil uji Hutchinson menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antar habitat. Indeks kemerataan kupu-kupu di tiga habitat bernilai tinggi. Famili Nymphalidae memiliki spesies dan individu terbanyak, sedangkan famili Lycaenidae dan Riodinidae paling sedikit. Eurema hecabe ditemukan terbanyak di habitat rawa. Cupha erymanthis ditemukan terbanyak di habitat sungai. Euthalia monina ditemukan terbanyak di habitat hutan. Terdapat dua spesies kupu-kupu yang dilindungi, yaitu Troides helena dan Trogonoptera brookiana. Keanekaragaman kupu-kupu dipengaruhi oleh kondisi habitat. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pertimbangan kesesuaian habitat yang  perlu dipertahankan untuk menyeimbangkan daerah kawasan Hutan Lindung Batutegi sebagai sarana edukasi  dan ekowisata.
Detection of KPC-3 producing Escherichia coli ST410 in Volos, Greece
Authors: Chatzidimitriou Maria , Tsolakidou Pandora , Kyriazidi Maria Anna , Mitka Stella
Published: September 2024

Escherichia coli A382 was isolated in July 2024 from a positive blood culture obtained from the central venous catheter of a male patient undergoing chemotherapy at the Hospital of Volos, Thessaly, Greece. Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed that the isolate A382 is E. coli belonging to the ST410 high-risk clone, which co-harbors the blaKPC-3 and blaSHV-182 genes on an IncX3 plasmid. It also harbors blaTEM-1 and has five replicons, as follows: IncX3, IncQ1, CoIRNAI, IncF1A, and IncFIB. Complete genome analysis revealed that E. coli A382 isolate carries a range of virulence factors (iutA, iucC, fimH, fdeC, yehA, yehD, yehC, yehB, cgs, ahha, ccI, hlyE, papC, irp2, fyuA, lpfA, and nlpl) and many other non-beta-lactam resistance determinants, including dfrA14 and sul2, but it is susceptible to aminoglycosides, nitrofurantoin, tigecycline, colistin and ceftazidime-avibactam. In conclusion in this study, we describe the phenotypic and genome characteristics of an extensively drug-resistant E. coli ST410.
The Russian–Ukrainian war: The possibilities of ensuring accountability
Authors: Varga Réka
Published: September 2024

The outbreak of the Russian–Ukrainian war fundamentally shook the international legal order. Consequently, possibilities of holding the aggressor state and potential perpetrators of international crimes accountable became a central topic. Options for establishing state responsibility for violating international law are limited. Possible individual criminal prosecution mechanisms are available at both national and international levels. At the national level, several jurisdictional bases can be found for prosecuting the most serious international crimes.

In addition to the procedures at the national level, the International Criminal Court has jurisdiction at the international level in terms of holding persons accountable; however, this also faces challenges. In connection with the current conflict, the International Criminal Court cannot conduct proceedings in relation to all categories of crimes, so the international community seeks to rely on alternative mechanisms that support prosecution efforts. Furthermore, there is an increasing political demand for the creation of new mechanisms which, however, for the time being, are based on shaky international legal grounds.
The protection of nuclear installations in time of armed conflict – Old rules, new challenges
Authors: Kecskés Gábor
Published: September 2024

In 2022, for the first time in some while, the public around the world was confronted with an armed conflict between states, which directly involved a nuclear facility, specifically a nuclear power plant in operation. Unfortunately, the situation following Russia's armed attack on Ukraine on 24 February 2022 and the acts of war around the Zaporizhzhya nuclear power plant once again draw attention to the need to protect nuclear facilities during armed conflicts. Therefore, this paper reviews the relevant rules of public international law and scrutinizes the norms that have been established through international legislation and soft law mechanisms to protect and guarantee the nuclear safety and security of nuclear installations.
The Estate Topos in I. A. Bunin’s Story “Sukhodol” and the Concept of Heterotopia by M. Foucault
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Gong Zehui
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the image of the manor in I. A. Bunin’s story “Sukho­dol”. The relevance of the work lies in the systematic analysis of the estate topos in “Sukhodol”, based on the theory of heterotopia, which was proposed by M. Foucault and received a new understanding in Russian philosophy of the late XX century. The article shows that the world of the estate in “Sukhodol” can be conceptualized in relation to the six characteristics of heterotopia identified by M. Foucault. This correlation allows us to state that the manor topos in Bunin’s story takes the form of a heterotopia, characterized by crisis, changeability “when the general synchronicity of culture changes”, a complex connection of disconnected spaces, “heterochrony”, “permeable impenetrability”, illusory, which clarifies reality. The image of the manor becomes the key, plot­forming image in the story. The space­time of the manor is voluminous and multidimensional. This is another evidence of the scope of Bunin’s artistic thinking, his sensitivity to the ideas and “trends” of his era.
Digital Humanities: Experience, Problems, Prospects
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, Raspopova Svetlana S.
Published: September 2024

In the following study the author makes an attempt to comprehend the experience and prospects of digital humanities at the present stage. The humanities are presented in comparison with the technical sciences. Some thoughts have been expressed regarding the crisis of humanitarian knowledge and the possibilities of overcoming it through the use of technology. Journalism is presented as a field of humanities, which today is noticeably losing its position due to the emergence of new media, mostly technology­oriented. As conclusions, the article talks about the responsibility of humanities scholars for the state of humanitarian knowledge in the modern world and the need to consider technology as a tool with the help of which content is packaged and delivered to the audience, the role of which should not be exaggerated. In conclusion, it is said that modern realities give rise to a new format of research, characterized by multidimensional interdisciplinarity. Their goal is to identify and analyze problems in the field of digital humanities, as well as to create pathways for organizing intercultural dialogue among scientists specializing in the humanities and technical sciences.
Anomalous origin of left coronary artery. RAC-sign. A case report
Authors: Kosulina V. M. , Bashnyak V. S. , Shirobokikh O. E. , Krupichka K. S.
Published: September 2024

Anomalous coronary origin is a rarely diagnosed condition, the first manifestation of which may be sudden cardiac death. Diagnosis of this pathology, as well as other cardiac and coronary anomalies, is based on imaging diagnostic methods. Transthoracic echocardiography is the most accessible screening method to describe the retroaortic anomalous coronary (RAC) sign. However, due to the low detection rate of this condition and the suboptimal sensitivity of echocardiography, anomalous aortic origin often remains undiagnosed. This article presents the diagnosis of an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery through echocardiography and computed tomography in an elderly patient who had previously been observed for a long time for other cardiovascular diseases. With this case report, we want to emphasize the importance of awareness about congenital coronary artery pathology for the timely routing of patients and providing proper care.
Design and preparation methods for high-performance recycled aggregate concrete: a review
Authors: Xu Gelong , Zhang Zhen , Li Jing , Tian Qing , Cai Jiwei , Guo Shaokun , Liu Ruixue
Published: September 2024

Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) has been widely investigated in recent decades. In this paper, four methods for designing and preparing RAC are reviewed, namely, the particle packing method, equivalent mortar volume (EMV) method, two-stage mixing approach (TSMA), and distributing-filling coarse aggregate (DFCA) process, and their effects on the properties of RAC are compared to reveal the effective approaches to high-performance preparation of RAC. Among these methods, only TSMA presents a positive effect on the workability of RAC. As for the properties of hardened RAC, TSMA improves the compressive strength and penetration resistance by densifying the interfacial transition zones (ITZs) around RA, and the developed TSMAsc containing silica fume exhibits better efficiency in improving the properties of RAC. The EMV method and DFCA process are beneficial to the compressive strength, elastic modulus, and volumetric stability of RAC, and the effectiveness of the DFCA process is superior to the EMV method, indicating that enhancing the coarse aggregate-interlocking effect is effective in improving the properties of RAC. Furthermore, the combination of TSMA and EMV methods can synthesise the enhancements of ITZs and coarse aggregate-interlocking effect, contributing to a further improvement in the properties of hardened RAC. It is conceived that the TSMA and DFCA process can be integrated as a promising combination to realise the high performance of RAC.
Phytochemical composition of Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae) leaves extracts from central Veracruz, Mexico, and its effect on α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition
Authors: Infante-Rodríguez Dennis Adrián , Aguilar-Méndez Mario Josué , Landa-Cansigno Cristina , Vásquez-Morales Suria Gisela , Velázquez-Narváez Alberto Carlos , Valenzuela-González Jorge Ernesto , Kiel-Martínez Ana Luisa , Monribot-Villanueva Juan L. , Guerrero-Analco José A.
Published: September 2024

Background: Eriobotrya japonica is economically significant as an ornamental tree, and its leaves have medicinal properties.
Question: What are the main chemical components of loquat leaves grown in a population of Central Veracruz Mexico? and does the methanolic extract have potential antidiabetic properties through α-glucosidase inhibition?
Species study: Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. (Rosaceae)
Study site and date: Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico, 2021-2022.
Methods: Total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) were determined in leaves powder. Leaf methanol extract of E. japonica was tested for α-glucosidase inhibition. Also, different groups of secondary metabolites were detected by the phenolics/volatile-targeted metabolomic analysis.
Results: The leaves of E. japonica are rich in C and minerals such as Na, K, Ca, and Mg, and contain high levels of flavonoids, and procyanidin B2. The leaf methanol extract (LME) effectively inhibited α-glucosidase activity (86.05 ± 0.73 %) in vitro. In addition, a leaf petroleum ether extract (LPE) contains mainly phytol, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, and phytol acetate.
Conclusions: The leaf methanolic extract exhibited antidiabetic potential due to its potent α-glucosidase inhibition, and the presence of diverse phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and their glycoside derivatives, and some fatty acids further supports the traditional use of E. japonica as an herbal medicine with antidiabetic properties.
Reviewer Acknowledgements 2024
Authors: Terrazas Teresa
Published: September 2024

Acknowledgments Reviewers 2024 Volume 102
Reincarnation and Identity: A Multidisciplinary Exploration of Druze Narratives
Authors: Natoor Maha , Sevruk Dmitry , Kreinath Jens , Fartacek Gebhard
Published: September 2024

The book Druze Reincarnation Narratives: Previous Life Memories Discourses and the Construction of Identities, edited by Gebhard Fartacek, offers an interdisciplinary exploration of the Druze belief in reincarnation (taqammuṣ) and the phenomenon of Nutq, where individuals recall previous lives. Scholars in anthropology, religious studies, and related fields contribute to understanding how these beliefs shape Druze social structures, personal identities, and community cohesion. The forum includes reviews by Maha Natoor, Dmitry Sevruk, and Jens Kreinath. Natoor appreciates the book's accessibility and balanced presentation of Druze reincarnation narratives while raising ethical concerns about anonymity and the use of religious texts. Sevruk commends the clear scientific language and interdisciplinary approach, emphasizing the book's contributions to Druze history and culture and suggesting further exploration of the psychological mechanisms behind reincarnation beliefs. Kreinath praises the detailed ethnographic insights and methodological rigor, noting researchers' challenges in engaging with the Druze community. He also critiques that some contributions focus on broader social, cultural, and political contexts rather than directly addressing reincarnation. Overall, the book provides valuable insights into the resilience and adaptability of the Druze in preserving their unique religious identity amidst broader societal changes.