bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВПЛИВ ПЕРЕДПОСАДКОВОГО УФ-ОПРОМІНЕННЯ НА РОЗВИТОК І ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ КАРТОПЛІ
Authors: Семенов А. О. , Кожушко Г. М. , Сахно Т. В.
Published: May 2018

В роботі досліджено вплив ультрафіолетового (УФ) опромінення на клубні картоплі перед садінням. Експериментальні дослідження проводилися на середньоранніх сортах картоплі «Утро ранее» та «Рокко» з використанням ультрафіолетових ртутних розрядних ламп низького тиску. Встановлено, що у рослин, які перед садінням були опромінені дозою 120–240 Дж/м2, прискорено утворювалися і розвивалися первинні коріння. Крім того, у рослин посилюється веґетативний ріст та збільшується врожайність.

The effect of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on potato tubers before planting is investigated. Experimental studies were conducted on medium-early potato varieties «Utro raneie» and «Rocco» using ultraviolet mercury discharge lamps of low pressure. It was established that in plants with irradiated tubers, which before irradiation at a dose of 120–240 J/m2, early roots were formed and developed. In addition, plants increase vegetative growth and increase yields.
Морфологічні та метричні особливості нематод Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi 1803) Cobb 1898, виділених від овець (Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Мельничук В. В.
Published: May 2018

Представлені результати визначення особливостей будови імагінальних форм нематод виду Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi 1803) Cobb 1898, що паразитують у домашніх овець (Ovis aries), у кліматичних умовах центрального та південно-східного регіонів України з урахуванням їх морфометричних показників. Встановлено, що видовими ознаками самців H. contortus є особливості у морфологічній будові хвостової бурси, спікул, рулька, статевого конусу, а також їх метричні показники. Самки H. contortus мають специфічну для даного виду варіабельність щодо структури, форми, розмірів та кількості кутикулярних клапанів в області вульви.

The results of the determination of the features of the imaginal forms structure of nematodes of the species Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi 1803) Cobb 1898, which parasitize in domestic ovaries (Ovis aries), in the climatic conditions of the central and South-Eastern regions of Ukraine are presented, taking into account their morphometric indices. It has been established that the specific features of the H. contortus males are the features of the morphological structure of the caudal bursa, spicules, shank, sexual cone, and their metric indices. The females of H. contortus have a specific for this species variability in the structure, shape, size, and number of cuticular valves in the vulva.
Construção, mediação e uso de um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem com alunos do 1º ano do Ensino Médio
Authors: Cruz Romildo Pereira
Published: May 2018

O artigo discute a importância da mediação pedagógica em ambiente virtual de aprendizagem para o ensino e os fatores que influenciam o processo de aprendizagem. A proposta remete à análise, inicialmente pedagógica, do uso das novas ferramentas tecnológicas. O relato é fruto de uma prática pedagógica realizada com 19 alunos do 1º ano do Ensino Médio do turno noturno de uma escola pública do município de Apuí, Estado do Amazonas. A meta foi construir e utilizar um Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem como apoio às aulas presenciais e espaço educativo agregador de conhecimentos, pessoas, recursos e informações. As observações feitas através do desenvolvimento da proposta demonstram a realidade vivida pelo mediador e alunos, as dificuldades encontradas, as ferramentas mais utilizadas, a importância do mediador, a capacitação para a utilização das ferramentas e os conceitos internalizados.
Tecnologias educacionais, imagens e o ensino de ciências: possibilidades, desafios e discussões.
Authors: Frederico Fernando Temporini , Gianotto Dulcineia Ester Pagani
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho apresenta parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa de doutorado que objetivou verificar as contribuições das imagens para o Ensino de Ciências. Para a exibição de tais imagens, foi necessário a utilização de Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação disponíveis na escola pública paranaense, tais como o computador e a lousa digital. Deste modo, por meio de uma investigação de natureza qualitativa verificou-se que tais aparatos tecnológicos são recursos capazes de contribuir potencialmente para os processos que envolvem o ensino e a aprendizagem de conceitos de ondulatória e estudo da luz da disciplina curricular física. Neste sentido, acreditamos que é necessário que se criem meios para que estes recursos, tão importantes nos  dias atuais, sejam explorados com mais eficiência,  dando  condições  para  que  a  tecnologia  possa  colaborar  com  a  construção  do conhecimento de forma significativa.
A Formação de professores no curso de pedagogia da UFAM para a inclusão de alunos com deficiência
Authors: Lima da Silva Ketlis , Matos Maria Almerinda De Souza
Published: May 2018

O artigo apresenta dados da pesquisa de Iniciação Científica sobre a formação inicialdos acadêmicos do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), tendo em vista o seu preparo, para a inclusão do aluno com deficiência, nas classes comuns de ensino. A pesquisa se deu através de uma abordagem qualitativa, com método de investigação dialético, sendo realizado por meio de levantamento documental, nacional e internacional (resoluções, diretrizes, portarias, leis, decretos)referentes à inclusão do aluno com deficiência nas classes comuns de ensino. Em seguida, realizou-se a verificação do Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP) no curso de Pedagogia da UFAM, com objetivo de identificar os subsídios teórico-metodológicos para a formação dos acadêmicos frente ao desafio da inclusão.
Ensino por investigação na realidade da Educação Básica
Authors: Castro Valdeni Liborio
Published: May 2018

O ensino em nossas escolas está baseado no professor transmissor de conhecimento. Isso não vem ao encontro de uma realidade que está em constante transformação.  Nisso, procuramos buscar novos rumos para o ensino. Esta objetiva entender a importância do ensino por pesquisa e verificar como esta perspectiva pode ser desenvolvida na sala de aula. Os autores que nos embasaram foram: Demo (2010, 2011, 2002), Galiazzi (2014) e outros que investigam a temática. Como resultados deste estudo bibliográfico pudemos compreender que o ensino por pesquisa é uma quebra de paradigma nas práticas pedagógicas, mas que os professores precisam  se alicerçar em  princípios científicos para que possam favorecer a construção do conhecimento através do ensino por pesquisa.
A Praça como espaço de Alfabetização Ecológica
Authors: Cavalcante Lacerda Junior José , Sampaio Farias Taísa Lorene , De Souza Bezerra Alberto , Gasparetto Higuchi Maria Inês
Published: May 2018

A utilização dos espaços públicos tem contribuído cada vez mais para a interligação do conhecimento em Educação em Ciências. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo pretende compreender como a praça pública é representada como espaço favorável para o desenvolvimento de temáticas que envolvem a Alfabetização Ecológica. Para tanto, dialoga com Segawa (1996), Bauman (2001) e Capra (2003, 2006). O seu desenvolvimento metodológico baseia-se, ainda, em visitas a uma praça pública da cidade de Manaus, onde foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com sete (07) frequentadores da praça.  A estrutura do texto se organiza em três pontos: 1) A função histórica das praças; 2) A praça como instrumento de Alfabetização Ecológica; 3) A praça como espaço pedagógico mediante a representação de seus frequentadores. Os resultados sinalizam que as experiências realizadas no espaço da praça oportuniza o processo de Alfabetização Ecológica mediante a aprendizagem significativa do espaço.
Ensino e Pesquisa: Uma análise da produção científica em tecnologia em logística nos anais de um evento em um Instituto Federal
Authors: Silva Lucas Braga da , Dos Santos Josilene Tavares Barbosa
Published: May 2018

Este estudo foi desenvolvido, a partir dos anais de um evento científico realizado por um instituto federal, com intuito de analisar a produção científica de discentes e docentes do curso superior de logística nos anos de 2014, 2015 e 2016. O Instituto, dessa forma, busca promover: divulgação, discussão e desenvolvimento técnico-científico aos assistidos por ele, integrando ensino e pesquisa. Como método de pesquisa, utilizou-se: pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa descritiva com análise sistemática e pesquisa quantitativa.  Nessa discussão de comparativos relacionados a este evento, demonstrado por tabelas, percebe-se que: há pouca participação de discentes e docentes do curso com publicações de trabalhos. Dessa forma, professores e alunos, deixam de contribuir com a academia e sociedade no desenvolvimento de estudos que norteariam outras pesquisas. Entretanto, a desvalorização de publicações e produções de cunho científico deve ser substituída por estratégias para instigar a pesquisa e extensão.
Consumo consciente de energia elétrica: uma ação reflexiva com alunos da rede pública de ensino de Alta Floresta-MT e Sorriso-MT
Authors: Silva Marcelo Luiz da , Goes Alessandro Dos Santos
Published: May 2018

A preocupação do governo com sua matriz energética fica nítida quando comparamos a matriz energética nacional com a mundial. Realizaram-se inúmeras ações nos últimos anos com a finalidade de expandir a produção de energias renováveis. O Brasil destaca-se no pela ampla utilização de energia elétrica proveniente de hidroelétricas, mas a demanda energética do país elevou-se nos últimos anos, sendo necessária conscientizar a população para um uso racional dos recursos disponíveis. Este trabalho visou sensibilizar a comunidade sobre o uso consciente dos recursos energéticos, através de oficinas com alunos da rede pública de ensino dos municípios de Alta Floresta – MT e de Sorriso – MT. Propiciando, a capacidade de identificar gastos energéticos e de repensar seu consumo. As oficinas foram acompanhadas de questionários para verificar conhecimentos prévios sobre o assunto abordado. Posteriormente, os participantes das atividades responderam outro questionário com a finalidade de se verificar o que foi aprendido e praticado.
Práticas pedagógicas no ensino de artes: Oficina de desenho animado com ênfase em leitura de imagem
Authors: Silva Luciana Pereira da Costa e , Carneiro Filho Francisco
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho objetiva descrever um relato de experiência na área de Artes, que ocorreu em 2016 na Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Vicente de Paula em Manaus/AM, cujo foco principal foi utilizar a técnica do desenho animado, como fomento para a leitura de imagens. A atividade foi realizada por meio da parceria com o Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), que objetiva a formação de novos docentes nas licenciaturas, além de levar ao professor do ensino básico, a oportunidade de entrar em contato com o processo de pesquisa e novas abordagens pautadas na inserção de tecnologias. A abordagem triangular, estabelecida pela educadora Ana Mae Barbosa, norteou o planejamento e a execução desta prática pedagógica.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Konuşma Kaygıları ve Akademik Özyeterlik İnançlarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Arslan Aysel
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı; ortaokul öğrencilerinin konuşma
kaygıları ve akademik özyeterliklerinin cinsiyet, sınıf, anne ve baba eğitim
durumları değişkenlerine göre incelenmesi ve öğrencilerin konuşma kaygıları ile
akademik özyeterlikleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmaya
ilişkin verilerin elde edilmesi için tarama modelleri arasında bulunan basit
seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmaya dâhil edilen örneklem
grubunu 2016-2017 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Sivas il merkezinde, bulundukları
eğitim bölgelerine dikkat edilerek seçilmiş 10 farklı ortaokulda eğitim
görmekte olan 200 kız, 286 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 486 öğrenci
oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilerin konuşmaya yönelik yaşadıkları kaygı durumlarının
belirlenmesi için Sevim (2012) tarafından geliştirilen “Konuşma Kaygısı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin konuşmacı odaklı
kaygı, çevre odaklı kaygı ve konuşma psikolojisi olarak üç alt boyutu
bulunmaktadır. Ölçeğin toplam güvenirliği .91 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu
araştırmada; öğrencilerin özyeterliklerini belirlemek amacıyla Muris (2001)
tarafından geliştirilen “Çocuklar İçin
Öz-yeterlik Ölçeği”nin alt boyutlarından olan “Akademik Özyeterlik Alt Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin Türkçeye
uyarlamasını Telef  ve Karaca (2012)
yapmış ve ölçeğin akademik özyeterlik alt boyutunun güvenirliği .84 olarak; bu
çalışmada ise .79 olarak bulunmuştur. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin analizi
için aritmetik ortalama, yüzde, T-testi, Anova, LSD ve Pearson Korelasyon
Katsayısı analiz teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin, konuşma kaygı ve
akademik özyeterlik puanlarının cinsiyet, sınıf, anne ve baba eğitim durumu
değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Öğrencilerin konuşma kaygısı ve akademik özyeterlik puanlarının korelasyon
sonuçlarına göre aralarında orta düzeyde bir ilişkinin (-.49) olduğu
belirlenmiştir.
« À chacun son paradoxe »
Authors: Valette Annick , Diochon Pauline Fatien , Burellier Franck
Published: May 2018

Que devient un paradoxe organisationnel quand il est délégué aux individus ? Cette question, cruciale dans un contexte où les individus héritent de plus en plus d’un travail de gestion des paradoxes autrefois assuré au niveau organisationnel, n’a pas de réponse unique. L’étude conclut en effet « contre un déterminisme des paradoxes » puisque le type de paradoxe ne semble ni déterminer la manière dont il est reçu par les individus – nous parlons ici de diffraction du paradoxe –, ni la manière dont ils y font face – avec des différences inter et intra-individuelles. Proposant de comprendre cette variabilité comme le résultat d’une combinaison d’effets de dispositions (poids des caractéristiques individuelles) et d’effets de positions (rôle des situations), les auteurs suggèrent des leviers d’action pour favoriser leur contrôle.
Un salarié compétent est-il nécessairement performant ?
Authors: Condomines Bérangère , Hennequin Émilie
Published: May 2018

Les pratiques d’évaluation actuelles reposent sur le postulat qu’un salarié compétent est nécessairement performant. Cet article propose d’étudier la réalité de ce postulat au travers du centre d’évaluation. Les auteurs interrogent quantitativement la relation compétence/performance et la perception des salariés sur cette relation. Les résultats de l’étude corroborent que la compétence est un déterminant de la performance. Cette dernière est toutefois le résultat d’une conjonction d’éléments, le lien avec la compétence étant modéré.
Selection of endoscopic or transcranial surgery for tuberculum sellae meningiomas according to specific anatomical features: a retrospective multicenter analysis (KOSEN-002)
Authors: Kong Doo-Sik , Hong Chang-Ki , Hong Sang Duk , Nam Do-Hyun , Lee Jung-Il , Seol Ho Jun , Oh Jiwoong , Kim Dong Gyu , Kim Yong Hwy
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE

The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) and the transcranial approach (TCA) are good options for the treatment of tuberculum sellae (TS) meningiomas. The objective of this study was to identify the key anatomical features in TS meningiomas and compare the two surgical approaches.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed clinical data in 178 patients with TS meningiomas treated at 3 institutions between January 2010 and July 2016. Patients with tumors encasing the internal carotid artery or anterior cerebral artery or involving the anterior clinoid process or cavernous sinus were excluded. Tumors were classified as high-lying or low-lying based on their location, and involvement of the optic canal was evaluated. The surgical outcomes of EEA and TCA were analyzed according to the relevant anatomical features.

RESULTS

During the study period, 84 patients underwent EEA and 94 patients underwent TCA. Based on preoperative MR images, 43 (24.2%) meningiomas were classified as high-lying tumors, 126 (70.8%) as low-lying, and 9 (5.0%) as nonspecific. Gross-total resection (GTR) was performed in 145 patients (81.5%); the GTR rate did not differ significantly between the EEA and TCA groups. Of 157 patients with preoperative visual disturbance, 140 had improved or stable vision postoperatively. However, 17 patients (9.6%) experienced some visual deterioration after surgery. The TCA group had a worse visual outcome than the EEA group in patients with preoperative optic canal involvement (77.6% vs 93.2%, p = 0.019), whereas there was no significant difference in visual outcome based on whether tumors were high-lying or low-lying.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study support EEA over TCA, at least with respect to visual improvement with acceptable complications, although TCA is still an effective approach for TS meningioma.
Added value of multiple versus single sessions of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in predicting motor cortex stimulation efficacy for refractory neuropathic pain
Authors: Pommier Benjamin , Quesada Charles , Fauchon Camille , Nuti Christophe , Vassal François , Peyron Roland
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE

Selection criteria for offering patients motor cortex stimulation (MCS) for refractory neuropathic pain are a critical topic of research. A single session of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been advocated for selecting MCS candidates, but it has a low negative predictive value. Here the authors investigated whether multiple rTMS sessions would more accurately predict MCS efficacy.

METHODS

Patients included in this longitudinal study could access MCS after at least four rTMS sessions performed 3–4 weeks apart. The positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values of the four rTMS sessions and the correlation between the analgesic effects of the two treatments were assessed.

RESULTS

Twelve MCS patients underwent an average of 15.9 rTMS sessions prior to surgery; nine of the patients were rTMS responders. Postoperative follow-up was 57.8 ± 15.6 months (mean ± standard deviation). Mean percentage of pain relief (%R) was 21% and 40% after the first and fourth rTMS sessions, respectively. The corresponding mean durations of pain relief were respectively 2.4 and 12.9 days. A cumulative effect of the rTMS sessions was observed on both %R and duration of pain relief (p < 0.01). The %R value obtained with MCS was 35% after 6 months and 43% at the last follow-up. Both the PPV and NPV of rTMS were 100% after the fourth rTMS session (p = 0.0045). A significant correlation was found between %R or duration of pain relief after the fourth rTMS session and %R at the last MCS follow-up (R2 = 0.83, p = 0.0003).

CONCLUSIONS

Four rTMS sessions predicted MCS efficacy better than a single session in neuropathic pain patients. Taking into account the cumulative effects of rTMS, the authors found a high-level correlation between the analgesic effects of rTMS and MCS.
Testing the effectiveness and the contribution of experimental supercharge (reversed) end-to-side nerve transfer
Authors: Nadi Mustafa , Ramachandran Sudheesh , Islam Abir , Forden Joanne , Guo Gui Fang , Midha Rajiv
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE

Supercharge end-to-side (SETS) transfer, also referred to as reverse end-to-side transfer, distal to severe nerve compression neuropathy or in-continuity nerve injury is gaining clinical popularity despite questions about its effectiveness. Here, the authors examined SETS distal to experimental neuroma in-continuity (NIC) injuries for efficacy in enhancing neuronal regeneration and functional outcome, and, for the first time, they definitively evaluated the degree of contribution of the native and donor motor neuron pools.

METHODS

This study was conducted in 2 phases. In phase I, rats (n = 35) were assigned to one of 5 groups for unilateral sciatic nerve surgeries: group 1, tibial NIC with distal peroneal-tibial SETS; group 2, tibial NIC without SETS; group 3, intact tibial and severed peroneal nerves; group 4, tibial transection with SETS; and group 5, severed tibial and peroneal nerves. Recovery was evaluated biweekly using electrophysiology and locomotion tasks. At the phase I end point, after retrograde labeling, the spinal cords were analyzed to assess the degree of neuronal regeneration. In phase II, 20 new animals underwent primary retrograde labeling of the tibial nerve, following which they were assigned to one of the following 3 groups: group 1, group 2, and group 4. Then, secondary retrograde labeling from the tibial nerve was performed at the study end point to quantify the native versus donor regenerated neuronal pool.

RESULTS

In phase I studies, a significantly increased neuronal regeneration in group 1 (SETS) compared with all other groups was observed, but with modest (nonsignificant) improvement in electrophysiological and behavioral outcomes. In phase II experiments, the authors discovered that secondary labeling in group 1 was predominantly contributed from the donor (peroneal) pool. Double-labeling counts were dramatically higher in group 2 than in group 1, suggestive of hampered regeneration from the native tibial motor neuron pool across the NIC segment in the presence of SETS.

CONCLUSIONS

SETS is indeed an effective strategy to enhance axonal regeneration, which is mainly contributed by the donor neuronal pool. Moreover, the presence of a distal SETS coaptation appears to negatively influence neuronal regeneration across the NIC segment. The clinical significance is that SETS should only employ synergistic donors, as the use of antagonistic donors can downgrade recovery.
Iodine(III)-mediated halogenations of acyclic monoterpenoids
Authors: Peilleron Laure , Grayfer Tatyana D , Dubois Joëlle , Dodd Robert H , Cariou Kevin
Published: May 2018

Five different halofunctionalizations of acyclic monoterpenoids were performed using a combination of a hypervalent iodine(III) reagent and a halide salt. In this manner, the dibromination, the bromo(trifluoro)acetoxylation, the bromohydroxylation, the iodo(trifluoro)acetoxylation or the ene-type chlorination of the distal trisubstituted double bond occurred with excellent selectivity and moderate to good yields.
A compositional morphosemantic analysis of exclusivity in Ch'ol
Authors: Little Carol-Rose , Wiegand Mia
Published: May 2018

We argue that novel empirical generalizations on exclusive operators in Ch’ol (Mayan) provide strong evidence for a morphological decompositionality of exclusivity into a core semantic entry and focus sensitivity. There is a robust literature on exclusivity and the distributions of scalar particles in various languages (Beaver & Clark 2003, 2008; Orenstein & Greenberg 2010; Coppock & Beaver 2011a,b). Coppock & Beaver (2011a) argue that mere operates in a different domain (properties) than only (propositions). Recent work on focus constructions in Mayan languages include Yasavul (2013) for K’iche’ and AnderBois (2012) for Yucatec Maya. However, little work has been done on the variation among exclusives in morphologically rich languages like Ch’ol. Original data from fieldwork indicate that exclusivity can occur independently of focus marking, and when divorced from focus, the exclusive morpheme has a wider distribution and range of meanings.
Coelogyne victoria-reginae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Arethuseae), a new species from Chin State, Myanmar
Authors: Zhou Shi-shun , Tan Yunhong , Jin Xiao-hua , Kyaw Win Maung , Zyaw Myint , Li Ren , Quan Rui-Chang , Liu Qiang
Published: May 2018

Coelogynevictoria-reginae, a new species of sectionProliferae, from Natma Taung (Mt.Victoria) National Park, Chin State, Myanmar, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar toC.prolifera, but the clustered pseudobulbs, pure brownish- red flowers and column wing with irregular notches at the apex of the new species differ from the other species. A preliminary risk-of-extinction assessment shows that the new species is regarded as EN C2a[i] according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
Territorio, inundaciones y defensa en Flandes: los proyectos de Verboom y Vauban para las fortificaciones de Lier en 1702
Authors: Echarri Iribarren Víctor
Published: May 2018

La Guerra de Sucesión en Flandes fue un escenario idóneo para la formación técnica del ingeniero militar Jorge Próspero Verboom. Si durante la Guerra de la Cuádruple Alianza se enfrentó a Vauban en el asedio y defensa de plazas, ambos ingenieros trabajaron juntos para la causa felipista al inicio del siglo XVIII. Pronto se vio la necesidad de realizar un ambicioso proyecto para la ciudad de Lier, que modificaba su implantación en el territorio, y la gestión de las inundaciones de áreas circundantes a la ciudad a través de un complejo sistema de esclusas. Lier se incorporaba así a la generación de una línea de fortificaciones —la ligne de Boufflers— que se prestaban apoyo logístico mutuo en la frontera norte de Flandes con Holanda. Estas páginas analizan el proyecto que redactó Verboom, y que Vauban alabó por su calidad técnica y adaptación a los recursos disponibles. Se aporta una valiosa planta, ejemplo excepcional en historia de la ingeniería militar, que recoge las propuestas de Verboom y las correcciones que estableció Vauban.
Las empresas periodísticas del barón de la Bruère en Valencia, Sevilla y Cádiz (1790-1814)
Authors: Román López María
Published: May 2018

José de Lacroix, el barón de la Bruère, es uno de los personajes más peculiares y destacables del periodismo de finales del XVIII y principios del XIX. El propósito de este artículo es el de ofrecer una panorámica de su biografía y producción periodística con orden cronológico. Una aproximación a su trayectoria profesional y a los caracteres históricos, estructurales y temáticos de sus periódicos, periódicos que forman un conjunto contundente y con amplitud geográfica que se desarrolla desde 1790 a 1814: el primer Diario de Valencia (1790-1791); el primero de Sevilla y también andaluz, es decir, el Diario Histórico y Político de Sevilla (1792-1793); así como los relevantes títulos de la capital gaditana: el Correo de Cádiz (1795-1800) y el Diario Mercantil de Cádiz (1802- 1814).
La controversia finisecular sobre el método histórico en Alemania y Francia (1883-1908)
Authors: Sevillano Francisco
Published: May 2018

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar la controversia sobre el método de las ciencias sociales que ocurrió en Alemania a partir de 1883, conocida como «la disputa del método» o Methodenstreit, y en Francia desde 1903, en torno al estatus científico de la historia. Estos episodios sirven como ejemplos para responder a la pregunta de cómo avanza epistemológicamente el conocimiento científico.
Bibliotecas y empoderamiento: servicios innovadores en un entorno de crisis
Authors: Caridad Sebastián Mercedes , García López Fátima , Martínez Cardama Sara , Morales García Ana María
Published: May 2018

El presente trabajo analiza el papel de las bibliotecas públicas para fomentar el empoderamiento individual y colectivo de acuerdo a las líneas de actuación del nuevo modelo de biblioteca que propugnan las directrices de organismos internacionales y estudios de tendencias. Estas iniciativas promueven, entre otras, la configuración del espacio bibliotecario como un «ágora» o «tercer lugar», acciones orientadas a fomentar la capacidad creativa y nuevos modelos de aprendizaje, así como herramientas tecnológicas para la economía social y compartida. El objetivo último es evaluar el grado de implantación de estos servicios innovadores en la Red de las Bibliotecas Públicas del Estado (España) compuesta por 53 entidades, subrayando aquellas iniciativas paradigmáticas. Los datos para el estudio se han obtenido de la aportación de los propios responsables de los centros. Como instrumento de recogida de datos se diseñó un cuestionario “ad hoc” que fue complementado posteriormente con entrevistas personales y consultas a sus páginas web. La tasa de respuesta obtenida ha sido del 73,3% (41), una muestra bastante significativa que permite una visión global del desarrollo de estos servicios. Los resultados muestran que, si bien las bibliotecas han comenzado a prestar muchos de los servicios que las nuevas realidades sociales demandan, como la formación para la búsqueda de empleo y formación en competencias TIC, otros, más innovadores, como el uso de herramientas de fabricación digital o la transformación del espacio en lugares de colaboración y coworking, todavía se prestan de manera muy minoritaria.
Caracterización de los clásicos del emprendimiento (1968-2016). Un análisis basado en la Web of Science
Authors: Cabeza-Ramírez L. Javier , Sánchez Cañizares Sandra Mª , Fuentes-García Fernando J.
Published: May 2018

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo profundizar en el análisis del campo del emprendimiento mediante la búsqueda bibliográfica de los trabajos que se configuran como “clásicos del emprendimiento” y su caracterización, así como la del “conocimiento base” (trabajos citados) en que se apoyan los mismos. Se aplica la metodología H-Classics para seleccionar estos trabajos clásicos y se realiza un análisis en profundidad de documentos, autores citantes y citados y revistas. Los resultados alcanzados llevan a aislar las fuentes que permitirían determinar qué obras podrían constituir la disciplina del emprendimiento y lo que es más importante, cuáles cuentan con mayor “probabilidad” de mostrar aquellos paradigmas necesarios para conformarla.
Réécrire pour énoncer à nouveau : l’exemple de Ramuz chez Grasset
Authors: Nicollier-Saraillon Valentine
Published: May 2018

C. F. Ramuz (1878-1947) est un réécrivain systématique. Cet article propose de mettre en perspective les réécritures qu’il effectue dès 1924 pour son éditeur parisien Grasset en envisageant d’une part les conditions de ce geste de réécriture en contexte d’énonciation éditoriale, d’autre part l’effet, sur la pratique de la réécriture, de la représentation que s’en fait le réécrivain. Ce double axe de réflexion permet d’observer que la finalité que Ramuz assigne à la réécriture n’est pas de corriger des fautes ni d’adapter sa langue à un nouveau lectorat, mais de réactiver le lien de production qui unit le scripteur à son texte, un lien dont la publication a entériné la rupture. L’hypothèse d’un imaginaire de la réécriture comme une re-énonciation met en évidence les principaux enjeux que revêt ce geste aux yeux de l’écrivain. Ces enjeux, la problématique du temps de l’écriture et de l’âge de l’écrit ou celle d’une forme particulière de double locution qui confère au scripteur la fonction de premier lecteur de son livre, déterminent ainsi la finalité et le type de réécritures effectuées par l’écrivain.
La Bourse de Lyon et les autres. Une première évaluation de la géographie des marchés financiers français au XIXe siècle
Authors: Ducros Jérémy , Riva Angelo
Published: May 2018

Cet article vise à jeter les bases d’une histoire comparée des places boursières françaises. Il montre que la géographie des marchés financiers demeure relativement stable entre 1871 et 1913 : si l’on se fonde sur le nombre d’entreprises domestiques cotées, le développement de Paris ne s’est en effet pas fait au détriment des bourses régionales, au sein desquelles Lyon acquiert un rôle prépondérant en doublant son poids à la fois sur les plans national et régional. La relative stabilité des relations entre Paris et la province et l’essor lyonnais sont le résultat d’une dynamique institutionnelle façonnée par les relations de concurrence entre places et les changements dans la régulation des bourses. Cette dynamique empêche la centralisation des émetteurs sur le marché dominant, la Bourse de Paris, comme prédit par la littérature théorique dominante.
Using Work Integrated Learning programmes as a strategy to broaden academic and workplace competencies
Authors: Rambe Patient
Published: May 2018

Orientation: Work Integrated Learning (WIL) is often hailed for leveraging students’ swift and flexible adaptation to organisational work demands and accentuating the relevance of knowledge acquired in academic environments to work contexts. However, an inclusive view of WIL’s impact on students’ academic life, especially the broadening of their academic competences, is often occluded by a selective approach to WIL, which emphasises employers’ professional expectations and ignores the nature and process of competence development of students.Research purpose: To bridge the research gap created by employer-centred approaches, this study explores particular South African University of Technology (UoT) ‘students’ perceptions’ on the influence of WIL programmes on the broadening of Office Management and Technology (OMT) competencies (i.e. knowledge, skills and abilities).Motivation for the study: To promote an alternative approach to unravelling OMT competencies, which takes cognisance of the perceptions of students, who are the actual participants in WIL.Research design, approach and method: The study drew on a quantitative case study of 94 OMT students from the UoT’s two campuses who had been successfully placed at 20 organisations in South Africa.Main findings: The findings demonstrated that students’ participation in WIL enhanced their practical knowledge of space management, encouraged swift learning of work-based skills and abilities as well as facilitated the transfer of these competencies across a wide range of contexts, activities and tasks.Practical and managerial implications: The strong correlation between course organisation and WIL’s enhancement of space management knowledge, skills and abilities implies that educators and employers need to place more emphasis not just on their delivery methods but also on the selection and organisation of content, which is critical to such delivery.Recommendations: The study recommended the strengthening of the entire WIL conceptualisation and implementation process (i.e. content selection, content organisation, teaching modalities and computer-assisted delivery) and its delivery regime to ensure sustained improvement of student competencies.
Hygroscopic growth study in the framework of EARLINET during the SLOPE I campaign: synergy of remote sensing and in situ instrumentation
Authors: Bedoya-Velásquez Andrés Esteban , Navas-Guzmán Francisco , Granados-Muñoz María José , Titos Gloria , Román Roberto , Casquero-Vera Juan Andrés , Ortiz-Amezcua Pablo , Benavent-Oltra Jose Antonio , de Arruda Moreira Gregori , Montilla-Rosero Elena , Hoyos Carlos David , Artiñano Begoña , Coz Esther , Olmo-Reyes Francisco José , Alados-Arboledas Lucas , Guerrero-Rascado Juan Luis
Published: May 2018

Abstract. This study focuses on the analysis of aerosol hygroscopic growth during the
Sierra Nevada Lidar AerOsol Profiling Experiment (SLOPE I) campaign by using
the synergy of active and passive remote sensors at the ACTRIS Granada
station and in situ instrumentation at a mountain station (Sierra Nevada,
SNS). To this end, a methodology based on simultaneous measurements of
aerosol profiles from an EARLINET multi-wavelength Raman lidar (RL) and
relative humidity (RH) profiles obtained from a multi-instrumental approach
is used. This approach is based on the combination of calibrated water vapor
mixing ratio (r) profiles from RL and continuous temperature profiles from
a microwave radiometer (MWR) for obtaining RH profiles with a reasonable
vertical and temporal resolution. This methodology is validated against the
traditional one that uses RH from co-located radiosounding (RS) measurements,
obtaining differences in the hygroscopic growth parameter (γ) lower
than 5 % between the methodology based on RS and the one presented here.
Additionally, during the SLOPE I campaign the remote sensing methodology used
for aerosol hygroscopic growth studies has been checked against Mie
calculations of aerosol hygroscopic growth using in situ measurements of
particle number size distribution and submicron chemical composition measured
at SNS. The hygroscopic case observed during SLOPE I showed an increase in
the particle backscatter coefficient at 355 and 532 nm with relative
humidity (RH ranged between 78 and 98 %), but also a decrease in the
backscatter-related Ångström exponent (AE) and particle linear
depolarization ratio (PLDR), indicating that the particles became larger and
more spherical due to hygroscopic processes. Vertical and horizontal wind
analysis is performed by means of a co-located Doppler lidar system, in order
to evaluate the horizontal and vertical dynamics of the air masses. Finally,
the Hänel parameterization is applied to experimental data for both
stations, and we found good agreement on γ measured with remote
sensing (γ532=0.48±0.01 and γ355=0.40±0.01) with respect to the values calculated using Mie theory
(γ532=0.53±0.02 and γ355=0.45±0.02),
with relative differences between measurements and simulations lower than
9 % at 532 nm and 11 % at 355 nm.
Crowdsourcing of weather observations at national meteorological and hydrological services in Europe
Authors: Krennert Thomas , Pistotnik Georg , Kaltenberger Rainer , Csekits Christian
Published: May 2018

Abstract. National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) increase their
efforts to deliver impact-based weather forecasts and warnings. At the same
time, a desired increase in cost-efficiency prompts these services to
automatize their weather station networks and to reduce the number of human
observers, which leads to a lack of “ground truth” information about
weather phenomena and their impact. A possible alternative is to encourage
the general public to submit weather observations, which may include crucial
information especially in high-impact situations. We wish to provide an overview of the state and properties of existing
collaborations between NMHSs and voluntary weather observers or storm
spotters across Europe. For that purpose, we performed a survey among
30 European NMHSs, from which 22 NMHSs returned our questionnaire. This study
summarizes the most important findings and evaluates the use of
“crowdsourced” information. 86 % of the surveyed NMHSs utilize
information provided by the general public, 50 % have established official
collaborations with spotter groups, and 18 % have formalized them. The
observations are most commonly used for a real-time improvement of severe
weather warnings, their verification, and an establishment of a climatology
of severe weather events. The importance of these volunteered weather and impact observations has
strongly risen over the past decade. We expect that this trend will continue
and that storm spotters will become an essential part in severe weather
warning, like they have been for decades in the United States of America. A
rising number of incoming reports implies that quality management will
become an increasing issue, and we finally discuss an idea how to handle this challenge.
Use of argon to measure gas exchange in turbulent mountain streams
Authors: Hall Jr. Robert O. , Madinger Hilary L.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Gas exchange is a parameter needed in stream metabolism and trace gas
emissions models. One way to estimate gas exchange is via measuring the
decline of added tracer gases such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).
Estimates of oxygen (O2) gas exchange derived from SF6 additions
require scaling via Schmidt number (Sc) ratio, but this scaling is
uncertain under conditions of high gas exchange via bubbles because scaling
depends on gas solubility as well as Sc. Because argon (Ar) and O2
have nearly identical Schmidt numbers and solubility, Ar may be a useful
tracer gas for estimating stream O2 exchange. Here we compared rates of
gas exchange measured via Ar and SF6 for turbulent mountain streams in
Wyoming, USA. We measured Ar as the ratio of Ar : N2 using a membrane inlet
mass spectrometer (MIMS). Normalizing to N2 confers higher precision than simply
measuring [Ar] alone. We consistently enriched streams with Ar from 1 to
18 % of ambient Ar concentration and could estimate gas exchange rate using
an exponential decline model. The mean ratio of gas exchange of Ar relative
to SF6 was 1.8 (credible interval 1.1 to 2.5) compared to the
theoretical estimate 1.35, showing that using SF6 would have
underestimated exchange of Ar. Steep streams (slopes 11–12 %) had high rates
of gas exchange velocity normalized to Sc=600 (k600, 57–210 m d−1),
and slope strongly predicted variation in k600 among all streams. We
suggest that Ar is a useful tracer because it is easily measured, requires no
scaling assumptions to estimate rates of O2 exchange, and is not an
intense greenhouse gas as is SF6. We caution that scaling from rates of
either Ar or SF6 gas exchange to CO2 is uncertain due to solubility
effects in conditions of bubble-mediated gas transfer.
Estimating sowing and harvest dates based on the Asian summer monsoon
Authors: Mathison Camilla , Deva Chetan , Falloon Pete , Challinor Andrew J.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Sowing and harvest dates are a significant source of uncertainty
within crop models, especially for regions where high-resolution data are
unavailable or, as is the case in future climate runs, where no data are
available at all. Global datasets are not always able to distinguish when
wheat is grown in tropical and subtropical regions, and they are also often
coarse in resolution. South Asia is one such region where large spatial
variation means higher-resolution datasets are needed, together with greater
clarity for the timing of the main wheat growing season. Agriculture in South
Asia is closely associated with the dominating climatological phenomenon, the
Asian summer monsoon (ASM). Rice and wheat are two highly important crops for
the region, with rice being mainly cultivated in the wet season during the summer
monsoon months and wheat during the dry winter. We present a method for
estimating the crop sowing and harvest dates for rice and wheat using the
ASM onset and retreat. The aim of this method is to provide a more accurate
alternative to the global datasets of cropping calendars than is currently
available and generate more representative inputs for climate impact
assessments. We first demonstrate that there is skill in the model prediction of monsoon
onset and retreat for two downscaled general circulation models (GCMs) by
comparing modelled precipitation with observations. We then calculate and
apply sowing and harvest rules for rice and wheat for each simulation to
climatological estimates of the monsoon onset and retreat for a present day
period. We show that this method reproduces the present day sowing and
harvest dates for most parts of India. The application of the method to two
future simulations demonstrates that the estimated sowing and harvest dates
are successfully modified to ensure that the growing season remains
consistent with the internal model climate. The study therefore provides a
useful way of modelling potential growing season adaptations to changes in
future climate.
Assessing public outreach strategies in cities coping with climate risks
Authors: Vicari Rosa , Tchiguirinskaia Ioulia , Schertzer Daniel
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The resilience of our cities to weather extremes relies both on physical–environmental factors, as well as socio–economic factors. The last include communication processes among the members of an urban community. This paper presents a study that aims at understanding how to objectively assess the progress that is made through public outreach campaigns on urban resilience. According to this research, seizing the added value of science outreach efforts calls for an assessment method that takes into consideration the interactions between communication processes and other urban resilience drivers. The paper starts from presenting examples of methods to assess urban resilience to weather extremes. On the basis of this review, some metrics addressing communication issues are selected and first insights are given on evaluation techniques that can be used to understand if and how public outreach activities enhance urban resilience to weather extremes. The paper also outlines examples of target audiences in communication strategies aimed at enhancing resilience. Indeed effective monitoring of communication impact relies on an accurate audience definition. The paper finally presents a range of experiments led by the HM&Co laboratory to assess communication activities addressed to non–specialised audiences and tailored for an urban flood resilience project. Different assessment methods have been tested to apprehend their strengths and weaknesses in the framework of urban resilience strategies.
Hydrological functioning of West-African inland valleys explored with a critical zone model
Authors: Hector Basile , Cohard Jean-Martial , Séguis Luc , Galle Sylvie , Peugeot Christophe
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Inland valleys are seasonally waterlogged headwater wetlands, widespread across West-Africa. Their role in the hydrological cycle in the humid, hard rock-dominated Sudanian area is not yet well understood. Thus, while in the region recurrent floods are a major issue, and hydropower has been recognized as an important development pathway, the scientific community lacks a precise knowledge of streamflow (Q) generation processes and how they could be affected by the presence of inland valleys. Furthermore, inland valleys carry an important agronomic potential, and with the strong demographic rates of the region, they are highly subjected to undergo land cover changes. We address both the questions of the hydrological functioning of inland valleys in the Sudanian area of West-Africa and the impact of land cover changes on these systems through deterministic sensitivity experiments using a physically-based critical zone model (ParFlow-CLM) applied on a synthetic catchment which comprises an inland valley. Model forcings are based on 20 years data from the AMMA-CATCH observation service and parameters are evaluated against multiple field data (Q, evapotranspiration – ET –, soil moisture, water table levels, and water storage). The hydrological model applied to the conceptual lithological/pedological model proposed in this study reproduces the main behaviors observed on a highly instrumented elementary catchment. We found that yearly water budgets were highly sensitive to the vegetation distribution: average yearly ET for a tree-covered catchment (944 mm) exceeds that of herbaceous-cover (791 mm). ET differences between the two covers vary between 12 and 24 % of the precipitation of the year for the wettest and driest year, respectively. As a consequence, the tree-covered catchment produces a yearly Q budget 28 % lower on average as compared to a herbaceous-covered catchment, ranging from 20 % for the wettest year to 47 % for a dry year. Trees also buffer interannual variability in ET by 26 %. On the other hand, pedological features (presence – or absence – of the low permeability layer commonly found below inland valley, upstream and lateral contributive areas) had limited impact on yearly water budgets but marked consequences on intraseasonal hydrological processes (sustained/unsustained baseflow in the dry season, catchment water storage redistribution ...). Therefore, subsurface features of inland valleys have potentially significant impacts on downstream water-dependent ecosystems and water uses as hydropower generation, and should focus our attention.