bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining Asian Socialism: The Asian Socialist Conference, Asian Socialists, and the Limits of a Global Socialist Movement in 1953
Authors: Imlay Talbot Charles
Published: June 2021

The article examines the debates at the Asian Socialist Conference's (ASC) inaugural gathering in Rangoon in January 1953, using a variety of sources, including the minutes of the conference meetings found in the Swedish Social Democratic Party archives. The focus is on the efforts of Asian socialists to define Asian socialism in terms of three broad subjects: international politics; domestic politics; and economic politics. Throughout, particular attention is accorded to the role played by understandings of European socialism. The argument is threefold: that socialism was central to the ASC project, prompting efforts to define Asian socialism; that these efforts invariably raised the fraught question of Asian socialism's relationship with European socialism; and that the stakes involved in Rangoon were not limited to Asian socialism, but also involved socialism's potential as a global movement.
Structure and Meaning in the Eclogues of Calpurnius Siculus
Authors: Davis P. J.
Published: June 2021

Although a great deal of energy has been devoted in recent years to the critical examination of the pastorals of Theocritus and Virgil very little (comparatively speaking) has been expended by way of literary study on their immediate successor, theEcloguesof Calpurnius Siculus. This may be due to ignorance — some theoreticians betray no knowledge of his existence — or to prejudice — Calpurnius belongs to the age of silver (or even worse). And yet, since he is the first poet to inherit pastoral as a fully formed genre, one would expect that his work might command critical attention. It is my intention in this study to examine the way in which Calpurnius handles the medium he inherited from Virgil and his treatment of those issues with which he is principally concerned. It is not my intention to examine his relationship to a specific historical and political context — a perilous task given the lack of hard evidence concerning his biography.
Martial
Authors: Sullivan J. P.
Published: June 2021

Martial presents a critical problem. On the one hand, there was his undeniable popularity and literary influence on European literature from the Renaissance to at least the end of the seventeenth century. On the other hand, there is the obvious embarrassment he presents to modern literary historians.

The two viewpoints are easily contrasted. Pliny the Younger in the famous letter written about 102 had expressed doubts about Martial's literary survival, but gave him generous credit for his talent, sharp wit, candour, and mordancy. (Erat homo ingeniosus acutus acer, et qui plurimum inscribendo et satis haberet etfellis, nec candoris minus, Ep.3.21.1.) Nevertheless Martial's work survived the wreck of late Antiquity and the Middle Ages handsomely, and with the Renaissance, he came into his own as a poet. Angelo Poliziano described him asingeniosissimus, ‘very talented’, andargutissimus, ‘clever’ (Miscellan. 6); such judgements were echoed by Jovianus Pontanus (De sermone3.18) and Julius Caesar Scaliger, who claimed that many of his epigrams weredivina, praising theirsermonis castitas, ‘purity of speech’ (Poet.3.126).Festivissimus, ‘most witty’, andlepidissimus, ‘charming’, were the adjectives used by Adrianus Turnebus (Advers. 8.4; 13.19). Only a few critics, such as the censorious Andrea Navigero and Raffaele Maffei (Volaterranus), objected to him on moral grounds. His reception among English poets was equally enthusiastic. Sir John Harington stated firmly ‘that of all poems, the Epigram is the pleasantest, and of all that write epigram, Martial is counted the wittiest.’
Nutritional quality and carbon footprint of university students’ diets: results from the EHU12/24 study
Authors: Telleria-Aramburu Nerea , Bermúdez-Marín Nerea , Rocandio Ana M , Telletxea Saioa , Basabe Nekane , Rebato Esther , Arroyo-Izaga Marta
Published: June 2021

Objective:

To evaluate diets in terms of nutritional characteristics and quality from the perspectives of health, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) and possible associations with each other in a representative sample of students at a public university.

Design:

Cross-sectional. Dietary intake was evaluated with a validated FFQ, and diet quality was assessed through the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) and MedDietScore (MDS). GHGE data were obtained from the literature. In addition, sex, socio-economic status (SES) and body fat (BF) status were analysed as covariates.

Setting:

Basque Autonomous Community, Spain.

Participants:

Totally, 26 165 healthy adults aged 18–28 years.

Results:

Student diets were characterised by low consumption of carbohydrates (38·72 % of total energy intake (TEI)) and a high intake of lipids (39·08 % of TEI). Over half of the participants had low dietary quality. The low-emitting diets were more likely to be consumed by subjects with low HEI-2010 scores (β: 0·039 kg eCO2/1000 kcal/d) and high MDS scores (β: −0·023 kg eCO2/1000 kcal/d), after controlling for sex, SES and BF status. Both the low-emitting and healthy diets were more likely to be consumed by women and by those with normal BF percentage.

Conclusions:

UPV/EHU university students’ diets were characterised by moderate quality from a nutritional perspective and moderate variation in the size of carbon footprints. In this population, diets of the highest quality were not always those with the lowest diet-related GHGE; this relationship depended in part on the constructs and scoring criteria of diet quality indices used.
Establishing white clover (Trifolium repens) as a living mulch: weed control and herbicide tolerance
Authors: Basinger Nicholas T. , Hill Nicholas S.
Published: June 2021

With the increasing focus on herbicide-resistant weeds and the lack of introduction of new modes of action, many producers have turned to planting annual cover crops as a method for reducing weed populations. Recent studies have suggested that perennial cover crops such as white clover could be used as living mulch. However, white clover is slow to establish and is susceptible to competition from winter weeds. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine clover tolerance and weed control in established stands of white clover to several herbicides. Studies were conducted in the fall and winter of 2018 to 2019, and 2019 to 2020, at the J. Phil Campbell Research and Education Center in Watkinsville, GA, and the Southeast Georgia Research and Education Center in Midville, GA. POST applications of imazethapyr, bentazon, or flumetsulam at low and high rates, or in combination with 2,4-D and 2,4-DB, were applied when clover reached the 2- to 3-trifoliate stage. Six weeks after the initial POST application, a sequential application of bentazon and flumetsulam individually, and combinations of 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, and flumetsulam, were applied over designated plots. Clover biomass was similar across all treatments except where it was reduced by sequential applications of 2,4-D + 2,4-DB + flumetsulam in the 2019 to 2020 season, indicating that most treatments were safe for use on establishing living mulch clover. A single application of flumetsulam at the low rate or a single application of 2,4-D + 2,4-DB provided the greatest control of all weed species while minimizing clover injury compared with the nontreated check. These herbicide options allow for control of problematic winter weeds during clover establishment, thereby maximizing clover biomass and limiting canopy gaps that would allow summer weed emergence.
Apoptosis-inducing anti-HER2 agents operate through oligomerization-induced receptor immobilization
Authors: Stüber Jakob C. , Richter Christian P. , Bellón Junel Sotolongo , Schwill Martin , König Iwo , Schuler Benjamin , Piehler Jacob , Plückthun Andreas
Published: June 2021

Overexpression of the receptor tyrosine kinase HER2 plays a critical role in the development of various tumors. Biparatopic designed ankyrin repeat proteins (bipDARPins) potently induce apoptosis in HER2-addicted breast cancer cell lines. Here, we have investigated how the spatiotemporal receptor organization at the cell surface is modulated by these agents and is distinguished from other molecules, which do not elicit apoptosis. Binding of conventional antibodies is accompanied by moderate reduction of receptor mobility, in agreement with HER2 being dimerized by the bivalent IgG. In contrast, the most potent apoptosis-inducing bipDARPins lead to a dramatic arrest of HER2. Dual-color single-molecule tracking revealed that the HER2 “lockdown” by these bipDARPins is caused by the formation of HER2-DARPin oligomer chains, which are trapped in nanoscopic membrane domains. Our findings establish that efficient neutralization of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling can be achieved through intermolecular bipDARPin crosslinking alone, resulting in inactivated, locked-down bipDARPin-HER2 complexes.
Comprehensive analysis of epigenetic signatures of human transcription control
Authors: Devailly Guillaume , Joshi Anagha
Published: June 2021

Advances in sequencing technologies have enabled exploration of epigenetic and transcriptional profiles at a genome-wide level.
Direct targeting of TDP-43, from small molecules to biologics: the therapeutic landscape
Authors: Francois-Moutal Liberty , Scott David Donald , Khanna May
Published: June 2021

Given the therapeutic interest of targeting TDP-43, this review focuses on the current landscape of strategies, ranging from biologics to small molecules, that directly target TDP-43. Regions targeted are shown on the 3D structure of RNA-bound TDP-43.
Hydrocarbon-based Pemion™ proton exchange membrane fuel cells with state-of-the-art performance
Authors: Nguyen Hien , Lombeck Florian , Schwarz Claudia , Heizmann Philipp A. , Adamski Michael , Lee Hsu-Feng , Britton Benjamin , Holdcroft Steven , Vierrath Severin , Breitwieser Matthias
Published: June 2021

Our fully hydrocarbon fuel cells comprising Pemion™ as cation exchange material and PtCo as cathode catalyst exceed previous literature landmarks by a factor of nearly two, reaching the state-of-the-art performance.
Research on the Status of European and Chinese Trade Competition in the Third Party Market
Authors: Ding Shiying , Hou Xiaocong , Mu Pengyu
Published: June 2021

China’s increasingly important role in the global economy has changed the nature of global competition and reshaped international trade. At the same time, the EU has long been the most important force in global trade and continues to maintain a very large trade surplus. We discussed whether China is an increasingly important competitor of Europe in third-party markets, especially Latin America. More specifically, we have empirically estimated the elasticity of substitution between European exports and Chinese exports to Latin American economies (i.e. Their response to Latin American exports to changes in relative export prices). The results of this article show that over time, the competition between China and the EU in Latin America has increased. Before 2007, the competition between China and the EU was relatively high. Less, this reflects to a certain extent the fact that China mainly exports inferior products. However, since 2007, the substitution elasticity has increased, reflecting China ’s rise in the value chain upstream. We also studied China and the EU’s. The competition between the key industries of the EU exported by the Americas. We found that the competition between China and Europe in the field of motors and road vehicles is more intense. This should be sought Global level to maintain the competitiveness of European sounded the alarm.
Can firm environmental performance affect stock liquidity: Evidence from Chinese A share market
Authors: Ye Jianhua , Bai Shangyi
Published: June 2021

CHINDICES’ environmental performance rating was used to proxy for the environmental performance of the sample companies in Chinese stock market. Portfolios analysis method and Ordinary Least Square(OLS)method was used to examine the relationship between the environmental performance and stock liquidity. Results based on the investigations indicated that firm environmental performance have a negative and significant relationship with the level of stock liquidity in whose firms with high environmental performance ratings, whereas this relationship is positive and significant in whose firms with low environmental performance rating s, and the relationship between environmental performance and stock liquidity is a inverted-U shape. This research enrich the researches on determinants of stock liquidity, and is also helpful for firms to comprehensive evaluate their environmental related decision making.
Research on the Development Strategy of Fresh Food E-commerce Enterprises under COVID-19-Taking Ding Dong as an Example
Authors: Liu Chang
Published: June 2021

During the period of the COVID-19 epidemic situation, many industries and enterprises fell into crisis due to the negative impact they have suffered. However, some industries have enjoyed a wave of dividends of epidemic situation and developed during the fight against the epidemic situation. Fresh e-commerce industry is one of them. Taking Ding Dong as an example, this paper comprehensively analyzes the reasons for its success from PEST, SWOT, market behavior, organization strategy and other aspects, and gives suggestions on highlighting platform advantages, improving service quality and improving cold chain logistics system, so as to enhance the sustainable development ability of fresh food e-commerce enterprises under the epidemic situation.
The Research of Agricultural SMEs Credit Risk Assessment Based on the Supply Chain Finance
Authors: Tong Zeping , Yang Shuo
Published: June 2021

Agriculture is a basic industry that supports the construction and development of the national economy and plays an important role in promoting rural revitalization. And in the current post-COVID-19 era, agricultural SMEs have difficulty in obtaining the favours of financial institutions in normal lending due to their weak credit guarantee capabilities and high credit management costs. Difficulty in financing has become a bottleneck problem that plagues the development of enterprises and restricts the development of agricultural modernization. How to evaluate and control its credit risk is not only a major way to solve the financing difficulties of agricultural SMEs, but also the basis for the stable development of supply chain financial services. This paper analyzes three typical financing modes of agricultural SMEs from the perspective of supply chain finance, and takes the agricultural SMEs in the New OTC Market as an example to construct a Logistic model, and uses factor analysis to effectively predict the credit risk of supply chain finance. The results show that the operational efficiency factors, growth factors and related core corporate profitability of agricultural SMEs financing enterprises significantly affect their credit risk. After testing, the model is highly accurate in predicting the financing risks of agricultural SMEs.
Pricing Mechanism of Charging Pile Power Supply Market——Based on RTP Theory and Price Discrimination Model
Authors: Ding Shiyao , Zhang Siqi
Published: June 2021

Based on the data of monopoly enterprises in China’s new energy charging pile power retail market, this paper explores the application of RTP differential pricing in new areas. First of all, from the perspective of business, this paper constructs the incentive cost model of low period which can minimize the supply pressure of power sales enterprises. Then, from the perspective of charging consumers, based on the assumption of user’s conversion cost, an improved demand response model is established according to the price elasticity. The paper is to consider the premise of maximizing social welfare, in the supply and demand of both sides to improve the pressure of electricity measurement, to minimize the operation and maintenance costs in peak and trough period.
Research on Performance Evaluation of Beibu Gulf Port Development——An Empirical Study of 11 Years of Data
Authors: Qiao Penliang , Li Yue
Published: June 2021

As an important infrastructure facility in our country, ports play a pivotal role in the water transportation industry. Whether the port logistics runs well or not has an important impact on the port customs, regional economy and even the national economy. Based on the three major ports in the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone (Beihai, Qinzhou, and Fangcheng Port), this paper constructs a comprehensive performance evaluation system for ports through a balanced score card, and then introduces data from Beibu Gulf ports, taking this as a case, and using the entropy method to calculate Develop the weights of various indicators in the comprehensive performance evaluation system, evaluate the comprehensive performance of the ports in the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone, and put forward suggestions for increasing the speed of infrastructure construction and focusing on port investment for the Beibu Gulf ports.
Research on Characteristics of Perpetrators and casualties in Road Traffic Accidents in China——Based on the panel data analysis of national traffic accidents from 2006 to 2019
Authors: Sun Lilu , Zhang Zhijin , Chen Mengwei , Dong Sen
Published: June 2021

Under the background of the rapid development of Internet technology, the emergence of Internet platform accelerates the industrial agglomeration. As a chain connecting the material circulation between industries, the rise of logistics industry is inevitable. As a key link of logistics industry, transportation, along with the rise of logistics industry, has led to an increase in traffic accidents year by year. Therefore, based on the national road traffic accident data from 2006 to 2019, this paper uses SPSS 26.0 to analyse the accident incidence, casualties and direct property loss indicators of different regions and occupation, and study the characteristics of perpetrators and casualties. The results show that the traffic accidents in the whole country show a downward trend, but they are unbalanced. Workers and farmers accounted for the largest proportion, but the death and injury rate showed a downward trend. Other showed an upward trend in the past five years, especially in the delivery industry. Future road traffic safety management should take corresponding measures to reduce the accident rate from the perspective of the development of related industries.
Study on Development Strategy of Tourism Industry in Jiangxi Province Based on Boston Matrix
Authors: Luo Renwenya , Liu Xia , Wagn Junyong , Ding Lan , Jin Jiaqi
Published: June 2021

It has become an important economic development strategy of Jiangxi Province to promote the development of regional economy through the development of tourism industry. However, due to the difficulties brought by the environment and its own limitations, local development is not coordinated and lacks targeted strategies. Based on the development data of tourism industry in Jiangxi Province from 2010 to 2014, 2014 to 2018, this paper constructs the Boston matrix of tourism market in Jiangxi Province, analyzes the competition situation, explains and analyzes the seven changes of the Boston matrix.
Research on path selection system based on green transportation
Authors: Qian Linyi
Published: June 2021

The transportation sector already accounts for 14% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, controlling carbon emissions in the transportation sector has become a top priority for China and other countries around the world. In addition to the technological development of clean energy transportation, the most critical aspect of the globalization of new energy transportation industry and market is the optimization of access routes. This paper will be based on road travel time estimation and optimal path selection of energy efficient transportation research hotspots. Firstly, the accuracy of road travel time estimation is improved according to the basic law of traffic flow. At the same time, this paper defines the optimal route into two cases of shortest path and shortest time for solving. Finally, the actual solution process is given according to the actual problem, as well as the optimal route, aiming to promote the strong development in the field of intelligent navigation system and energy-efficient transportation.
Has “The Belt and Road” initiative promoted regional economic growth and economic innovation?
Authors: Guo Ruolin , Zhao Hongkai , Zhang Yingchu
Published: June 2021

The article regards “The Belt and Road” initiative as a quasi-natural experiment. Based on the county panel data from 1999 to 2017, difference-in-differences model (DID) is used to examine the impact of the “The Belt and Road” initiative on regional economic growth and economic innovation. The study found that the “The Belt and Road” initiative can significantly increase the economic growth and innovation of the region. Through the placebo test and the robustness test, it shows good policy uniqueness characteristics. The article further analyzes the heterogeneity of the initiative. The study found that the initiative has more obvious economic growth and innovation in the central region.
Research on the design of travel aids for the elderly with partial disability of lower limbs
Authors: Zhu Tian Yang , Wang Hui Min , Zhou Jun Liang
Published: June 2021

As the population continues to age, the daily lives of those with disabled lower limbs have gradually become an unavoidable social welfare problem. Based on an investigation and analysis into the daily routines of the elderly with partial disability in their lower limbs, the product design experiment is proposed to solve any mobility difficulties in the elderly with partial disability in their lower limbs to provide practical help that can ensure their independence and social contact. Based on the literature research and market comparison, According to the assessment criteria for the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living Scale (IADL), the physiological functions and user behaviors of this elderly population were investigated, and the actual needs for outdoor walking were analyzed. The idea of focusing on auxiliary tools for the elderly with lower limb disability was proposed, and a tool to aid in short-distance travel was designed for this target group to improve their IADL travel index and optimize their mobility.
Research on the Ergonomic Design of Pet Dog Toothbrush Neck
Authors: Huang Yu Shu , Xue Cheng Qi
Published: June 2021

Using a toothbrush to clean the teeth for a pet dog is the best way to maintain the pet’s oral health. Meanwhile, the angle of a toothbrush neck can influence the posture and brushing strength of the pet caretaker, thereby affecting the cleaning efficiency. In order to compare the cleaning efficiency of pet dog toothbrushes with varied neck types, 20 volunteers with dog caring experience were selected. A medium-sized dog tooth model coated with water soluble pigment was provided to each volunteer, and then she/he was asked to brush the model for three minutes, using a specific type of pet dog toothbrush. Such process was repeated for each of 5 toothbrushes with varied neck types (all other elements remained the same), while different neck types were provided to each volunteer in random sequence. The pigment areas of the incisors, canines, and molars before and after tooth brushing were measured and calculated to speculate the cleaning efficiency of the toothbrush. At the end of the experiment, each subject was asked to evaluate five toothbrushes with respect to operating comfortability. The experimental results showed that the toothbrushes with backward tilting angle at the upper section of their brush necks performed significantly better than the other four groups of toothbrushes in cleaning molar and canine teeth, while the toothbrushes with backward tilting angle at the lower section, and with the upper section parallel to the brush handle were more comfortable in operation.
Research on Creative Design of Cultural Products Based on Seda County’s Characteristic Culture
Authors: Kou Fusheng , Liu Wenming
Published: June 2021

This article takes Seda County’s characteristic Gesar culture and folk religious culture as the research content, and conducts innovative design research on Seda County’s cultural and creative products. Enumerates the cultural expression of Seda County, summarizes the design elements and design principles of cultural and creative products, and combines them with the design of fragrances to make corresponding design practice cases to provide design for contemporary cultural and creative products New innovative ideas have been introduced, and its cultural connotations and inner emotions have been conveyed.
Accounting Lean Management Model Based on Big Data
Authors: Zhang Baowei
Published: June 2021

In the environment of slowing down world economic development, the uncoordinated extensive production and industrial policies in China in the past caused the imbalance of economic supply in China. In this paper, through the use of literature analysis, comparative analysis and case analysis, taking l manufacturing enterprise as a case, through the analysis of enterprise production mode and cost management mode, through the construction of lean accounting cost management framework, the cost management of l enterprise is studied from four aspects. Through the analysis, it can be seen that the non productive resources of employees account for 36.37%, of which the rework time accounts for 61.05%, and the handling time accounts for 23.26%. Compared with the traditional cost management, lean accounting is more suitable for the management of lean enterprises. Finally, the lean management of the enterprise is predicted.
Research on Virtual Reality Technology in Public Art Creation
Authors: Ye Yuan , Juan Lu
Published: June 2021

With the continuous update and progress of computer technology, there are more and more display ways in public environment, and many high-tech ways such as virtual reality are also integrated into the display of public environment design. Its interactive, comprehensive and realistic features enhance the artistic sense of the whole design. Public art creation is a kind of diversified art design that includes different disciplines. Its main carrier is the display of environment and culture, which involves a wide range of fields and can better meet the people’s pursuit of sensory stimulation in modern society. Therefore, this paper will make an in-depth analysis of the application of virtual reality technology in public art creation, and briefly describe its design principle and its application mode, in order to provide some valuable opinions for future practice creation.
On the logic and framework of enterprise management reform in the era of artificial intelligence
Authors: Pang Ciwen
Published: June 2021

With the development of science and technology, artificial intelligence technology is gradually improving. At present, artificial intelligence has become an important trend in the development of science and technology. The emergence of the era of artificial intelligence brings great opportunities and challenges to enterprises. Under the background of artificial intelligence, the personnel composition and working mode of enterprises will also change greatly, which means that the management mode of enterprises also needs to be changed accordingly. Based on this, starting from the development trend of artificial intelligence, this paper analyzes the logical framework of enterprise management reform in the era of artificial intelligence, hoping to provide some reference for enterprise management, so as to promote the development of Chinese enterprises in the era of artificial intelligence.
Decision Aids for Preventive Treatment Alternatives for BRCA1/2 Mutation Carriers: a Systematic Review
Authors: Krassuski Lisa Marlene , Kautz-Freimuth Sibylle , Vennedey Vera , Rhiem Kerstin , Schmutzler Rita K. , Stock Stephanie
Published: June 2021

Introduction Women with a pathogenic BRCA1/2 mutation have a markedly increased lifetime risk of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer. The current preventive treatment alternatives that are offered are an intensified breast cancer screening programme and risk-reducing operations. Before deciding on one option, medical and personal factors such as life situation and individual preferences must be weighed carefully. Decision aids are used internationally to support BRCA1/2 mutation carriers during their decision-making process. In this study these are analysed structurally for the first time and their applicability to the German context is examined.

Material and Methods A systematic literature search in five electronic databases and a manual search were performed. The identified decision aids were evaluated with regard to formal criteria, medical content and quality. The qualitative assessment used the criteria of the International Patient Decision Aid Standards Collaboration (IPDASi v4.0), which examined various dimensions (e.g., information, probabilities, values).

Results Twenty decision aids, which were published between 2003 and 2019 in Australia (n = 4), the United Kingdom (n = 3), Canada (n = 2), the Netherlands (n = 2) and the USA (n = 9), were included. Nine focus on BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and eleven include other risk groups. Eighteen include risk-reducing operations as decision options, 14 list screening methods for breast and/or ovarian cancer, and 13 describe the possibility of pharmacological prevention by means of selective oestrogen receptor modulators or aromatase inhibitors. Nine of the 20 decision aids meet fundamental quality criteria (IPDASi v4.0 qualification criteria).

Conclusion International decision aids can serve formally as a basis for a German decision aid for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Some of them differ markedly in content from the recommendations of German guidelines. Only a few achieve a high quality.
Management of anticoagulants in delayed bleeding after endoscopic resection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Xianhong , Huang Yangxue , Li Jiarong , Zhou Aoqiang , Chen Gengxin , Deng Haixia
Published: June 2021

Background and study aims Delayed bleeding and thrombotic events are uncontrolled adverse events that are hard to balance in patients receiving anticoagulants after endoscopic resection. The present study aims to assess the clinical effect of warfarin, when compared to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), in terms of delayed bleeding and thrombotic events.

Methods A comprehensive electronic literature search was conducted for eligible literature. Pairwise meta-analyses were performed on outcomes of delayed bleeding and thrombotic events. Two networks within the Bayesian framework were established based on the management of anticoagulants and type of DOAC.

Results Eight cohort studies with 2,046 patients were eligible for inclusion, including 1,176 patients treated with warfarin and 870 with DOACs. There was no significant difference between warfarin and DOACs, in terms of delayed bleeding (OR = 1.29, 95 % CI [0.99–1.69]) and thromboembolism (OR = 2.0, 95 % CI [0.32–12.39]). In the network meta-analyses for delayed bleeding, the rank probabilities revealed that the safest management was discontinuous warfarin without heparin bridge therapy (HBT). Rank probabilities for the types of DOACs demonstrated that the safest drug was dabigatran.

Conclusions There was no significant difference in delayed bleeding and thromboembolism between warfarin and DOACs in patients receiving endoscopic treatment. In terms of delayed bleeding, discontinuous warfarin without HBT was suggested as the best management, and dabigatran was recommended as the best type of DOAC.
Improving access to ward-based respiratory failure management: a case study in the development of a respiratory care unit at an Australian metropolitan health service
Authors: Fahey Gavin , Goodwin Maureen , Muruganandan Sanjeevan , See Katharine , Hannan Liam M.
Published: June 2021

This case study describes the implementation of a ward-based respiratory care unit to improve access to specialised respiratory failure management at an Australian metropolitan health service. Using a case study approach, we describe the conception, development and implementation of a respiratory care unit within a previously inexperienced ward. Key barriers and facilitators are explored and the importance of a safety culture and an aspiration for continuous quality improvement are detailed. Three key aspects of implementation were identified: physical environment, expertise and governance. Continuous review of clinical and quality data was also considered critical to success. Stakeholder engagement was identified as both a barrier and facilitator to successful implementation. Early success was demonstrated through increased utilisation of respiratory interventions but with less utilisation of the intensive care unit and no apparent deterioration in clinical outcomes. Successful implementation of ward-based management of respiratory failure can be undertaken within non-tertiary settings but requires a comprehensive plan. Essential aspects include the support of clinical champions, early and continuous stakeholder engagement and an aspirational culture of safety and continuous quality improvement. What is known about the topic? Non-invasive ventilation and high-flow oxygen therapy are now established as key treatments in the management of acute respiratory failure. Access to these treatments is often limited to critical care locations (emergency department, intensive care unit (ICU) and operating theatre), but ward-based use can be safe and effective when applied with appropriate clinical policies, expertise and staffing. What does this paper add? This report describes the successful and rapid development of a specialised respiratory care unit within an inexperienced ward at an Australian metropolitan health service. Prior to development of the unit, the health service only provided non-invasive ventilation and high-flow oxygen therapy within critical care locations. Successful implementation was associated with increased utilisation of these therapies with significantly less ICU utilisation and no apparent deterioration in outcomes. What are the implications for practitioners? An explanation of a model for implementation is provided that may help health services improve access to complex respiratory failure management outside of critical care locations. Key factors in the success of the model are identified and examined.
Molecular dynamics calculations of stability and phase transformation of TiV alloy under uniaxial tensile test
Authors: Zhou Wen-Long , Ya-Zhou Liu , Wang Bing-Yang , Song Yan-Yu , Niu Chao-Nan , Hu Sheng-Peng
Published: June 2021

In this paper, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation software LAMMPS is used to simulate the elastic properties and stability of Ti-V single-crystal alloys. The relationship between the elastic constant and the mechanical stability of Ti-V alloy with a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure is studied. The energy relationship between TiV alloys with hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure and BCC structure are compared, respectively. The effects of temperature, crystal orientations, and V content on the mechanical properties of TiV alloys are calculated under uniaxial tensile test. The results show that both ultimate tensile strength and plasticity of the Ti-V alloy with BCC structure decrease with the increase of temperature and V content, due to the phase transition from the BCC structure to the face-centered cubic (FCC) structure. Finally, it is identified that the modes of the transformation from BCC structure to FCC structure during the tensile process are BCC(100)//FCC(110), BCC(010)//FCC(1

1
¯

0).
A case report of fulminant primary streptococcal pericarditis
Authors: Bousoula Eleni , Stratinaki Maria , Malakos Ioannis , Sbarouni Eftihia
Published: June 2021

Background

Bacterial pericarditis is a rare, rapidly progressive, and highly fatal infection, even with drainage and antibiotics. Gram-positive cocci, specifically Streptococcus pneumoniae, have been the most common cause of bacterial pericarditis from either haematogenous dissemination, or spread from another adjacent site of infection. Following the introduction of antibiotics in the 1940s and more recently the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, the incidence has drastically decreased.

Case summary

A previously healthy young male was diagnosed with acute pericarditis with no signs of haemodynamic compromise on initial presentation. Several hours later, he became unstable suffering from cardiac tamponade and septic shock. Despite urgent pericardiocentesis and drainage of purulent fluid, culture positive for streptococcus pneumoniae, multi-organ failure was eventually fatal.

Discussion

We describe a rare case of primary S. pneumoniae purulent pericarditis leading to tamponade, septic shock, and death. Due to the high mortality rate of purulent pericarditis, a high index of suspicion is needed in order to initiate appropriate therapy with antibiotics and drainage.
Metalexicographical Investigations with the DiCo Database
Authors: Sajous Franck , Martinez Camille
Published: June 2021

This article presents DiCo, an inventory of the changes in the nomenclature of four French dictionaries (Dictionnaire de l’Académie française, Dictionnaire Hachette, Le Petit Larousse and Le Petit Robert). For each modification recorded, DiCo provides additional information on the microstructural level, such as the linguistic labels included in the article where the change occurred. Based on a manual comparison of the successive editions of a given dictionary, DiCo can be the starting point for quantitative and qualitative metalexicographical studies. The description of the diachronic evolution of a dictionary and the comparison of different dictionaries reveal that not only does lexicographical change reflect language evolution, but that the content of a dictionary is also bound to the editorial policy of a publishing house, itself subject to change. Given the scarcity of information on this topic provided to the general public by French publishing houses, a resource facilitating metalexicographical investigations is particularly helpful. In addition to enabling a better understanding of French dictionaries, DiCo may be useful to linguists interested in lexicology and diachronic and diatopic variation. Finally, it might also prove useful for building lexicons for natural language processing.
Sliding Amyand’s hernia: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Elgazar Amr , Awad Ahmed K , Mandal Debvarsha , Faddah Raid M , Elder Zachary , Elseidy Sheref A
Published: June 2021

First operated by Claudius Amyand in 1735. Amyand’s hernia is a rare presentation and accounts for only 1% of all inguinal hernias. Amyand’s hernia is described when the appendix is trapped within an inguinal hernia. In most cases, Amyand’s hernia is an incidental finding intra-operatively due to variable clinical manifestations, and features. Amyand’s hernia has variable theories explaining its pathophysiology besides having multiple proposed surgical approaches either via laparoscopic or open repair and with the latter being in a debate of pro and against mesh repair. We present a case of a sliding Amyand’s hernia in which the vermiform appendix and part of the cecum were adherents to the wall of a right inguinal hernial sac. Amyand’s hernia is a rare form of inguinal hernias and its presentation is widely variable. However, in most cases, it is non-complicated and is found as an incidental intraoperative finding. Many studies debate among different diagnostic and management approaches to serve a better outcome with fewer operative complications.
Metacognitive asymmetries in visual perception
Authors: Mazor Matan , Moran Rani , Fleming Stephen M
Published: June 2021

People have better metacognitive sensitivity for decisions about the presence compared to the absence of objects. However, it is not only objects themselves that can be present or absent, but also parts of objects and other visual features. Asymmetries in visual search indicate that a disadvantage for representing absence may operate at these levels as well. Furthermore, a processing advantage for surprising signals suggests that a presence/absence asymmetry may be explained by absence being passively represented as a default state, and presence as a default-violating surprise. It is unknown whether the metacognitive asymmetry for judgments about presence and absence extends to these different levels of representation (object, feature, and default violation). To address this question and test for a link between the representation of absence and default reasoning more generally, here we measure metacognitive sensitivity for discrimination judgments between stimuli that are identical except for the presence or absence of a distinguishing feature, and for stimuli that differ in their compliance with an expected default state.
The costs of occupational gender segregation in high-tech growth and productivity across US local labor markets
Authors: Scarborough William J , Sobering Katherine , Kwon Ronald , Mumtaz Mehr
Published: June 2021

Theories of endogenous economic growth propose that the exchange of information between workers with different knowledge facilitates innovation. In this study, we explore whether occupational gender segregation poses a barrier to endogenous growth by limiting the extent to which women and men workers exchange information, ideas and perspectives. Focusing on technology industries as a sector where information exchange plays a large role, we use error correction models to test for the potential long-term costs of occupational gender segregation on industry growth and productivity across US local labor markets from 2005 through 2019. Results indicate that occupational gender segregation stalls tech growth, while also hindering productivity. Conversely stated, the occupational integration of women and men provides a boon to growth and productivity in local tech sectors. As regions strive to be competitive in the new economy, those fostering collaboration between women and men will be better positioned to succeed.
How do intrinsically disordered viral proteins hijack the cell?
Authors: Dyson H. Jane
Published: June 2021

Intrinsically disordered viral proteins are central to the infectivity and pathogenicity of viruses. For oncogenic viruses, the presence of disordered proteins coded by the viral genome is an important part of the process of disruption of the host cell cycle that leads to cellular transformation. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus that infects cells of the skin and mucous membranes. The infections are mostly benign, resulting in the formation of papillomas (warts), but infection with certain strains causes a high risk of transformation to cancers, especially cervical cancer. High risk strains include HPV16, while HPV6 is a related strain with low risk of cancerous transformation. The proteins most implicated in the cancerous transformations mediated by HPV are E6 and E7. We studied the interactions of one of these proteins, E7, to elucidate the structural basis for the differences in cancer risk between high and low‐risk strains. The E7 protein interacts with two major cellular control proteins, the retinoblastoma protein pRb, which controls the entry of the cell into S phase of the cell cycle, halting the progression of cell division. pRb acts by sequestering the factor E2F which is required for cell cycle progression. The HPV E7 protein displaces E2F from pRb, initiating uncontrolled cellular proliferation. The other important interaction of E7 is with the CREB‐binding protein CBP, a transcriptional activator that mediates the transcription of p53‐related genes. The E7 protein disrupts p53 binding to CBP, abrogating the processes that lead to apoptosis of infected cells. Residues 1–51 of HPV E7 are intrinsically disordered and bind preferentially to the TAZ2 domain of CBP. Pull‐down assays show that a ternary E7‐pRb‐TAZ2 ternary complex is formed in the presence of full‐length E7(1–98). NMR chemical shift perturbation studies of TAZ2 in the presence of E7 and pRb demonstrate the formation of a ternary complex. The stability of the E7‐TAZ2‐pRb ternary complex probably holds an important clue to the oncogenic potential of the high‐risk HPV strains. A stable ternary complex will bring pRb into proximity to CBP, which contains in addition to the TAZ2 domain an acetyltransferase module that can acetylate pRb, leading to its degradation.

Support or Funding Information

NIGMS GM113251

This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
Probing the structure, dynamics and regulation of lipid signalling enzymes and their role in human disease
Authors: Burke John
Published: June 2021

Lipid phosphoinositides play fundamental roles in virtually all pathways that control a cell's decision to grow, move, divide, and die. Because of this, kinases that phosphorylate phosphoinositide lipids are critically involved in myriad essential functions including growth, development, and membrane trafficking. The mis‐regulation of the activity of phosphoinositide kinases is critical in human diseases, including cancer, primary immunodeficiencies, developmental disorders, and inflammation. Phosphoinositide kinases also play critical roles in mediating bacterial and viral infection, including many potent human pathogens. Inhibitors of parasite phosphoinositide kinases are in development as therapies for both malaria and cryptosporidiosis. Therefore, understanding how phosphoinositide kinases are regulated has implications for the treatment of many devastating human diseases.

My research is focused on understanding the molecular basis for regulation of phosphoinositide kinases, and how they are involved in human disease. We have used a synergy of biophysical approaches involving X‐ray crystallography, hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, Cryo‐EM, and biochemical assays to study the structure, dynamics, and molecular interactions of these critical signalling enzymes. I will discuss our work on studying the molecular mechanism of how mutations in phosphoinositide 3‐kinases mediate primary immunodeficiencies and cancer, and how viruses manipulate phosphatidylinositol 4‐kinase protein interaction networks to mediate infection. Overall this work is important in understanding how mis‐regulation of phosphoinositide lipid signals mediate disease. We will also discuss how structural information on these enzymes is being leveraged to generate novel small molecule inhibitors of these enzymes as potential therapeutics for cancer, viral infection, and malaria.

Support or Funding Information

J.E.B. is supported by the Canadian Institute of Health Research (new investigator grant and CIHR open operating grant FRN 142393), a discovery research grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC‐2014‐05218), and a Cancer Research Society operating grant (CRS‐22641).

This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.