bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transgenic Corn Response to Nitrogen Rates under Corn Rootworm Pressure
Authors: Leaf Trisha , Ostlie Kenneth , Kaiser Daniel
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas

Bacillus thuringiensis rootworm traits and corn rootworm feeding affected N uptake and root mass.

N uptake by DK44‐61 SSX at V6 lagged DK46‐60 VT3 and DK 44‐92 RR2.

DK44‐92 RR2 had a larger root system at V6 than either DK46‐60 VT3 or DK44‐61 SSX.

Rootworm injury limited N uptake, root mass of DK44‐92 at V12 compared to Bt hybrids.

Root mass, trait efficacy, and root injury interplay with N rate have insect resistance management implications.

Recommended N rates for corn (Zea mays L.) typically consider yield, economic, and environmental dimensions, but not optimal protection by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Berliner‐based traits against corn rootworm (CRW) (Diabrotica spp.). This research explored N rate effects on CRW trait performance under CRW pressure. The experiment featured a split‐plot randomized complete block design with factorial treatment combinations of N rates and hybrids differing in CRW traits. Root mass, N uptake, CRW efficacy, and grain yield data were collected from two locations in 2011. Root mass at growth stage V6 (before CRW injury) increased with N rate and was greater in the Roundup Ready (RR2) hybrid (Monsanto, St. Louis, MO) by 30.6%. Nitrogen uptake was similar between VT Triple (VT3) (Monsanto, St. Louis, MO) and the RR2 hybrids, which exceeded the SmartStax (SSX) (Monsanto, St. Louis, MO: Dow AgroSciences Indianapolis, IN) hybrid by 12.5%. By growth stage V12, CRW injury in the RR2 vs. Bt hybrids reduced N uptake by 42.0%, Beetle emergence was reduced 66 to 91% by Bt hybrids. Yield response to N differed between hybrids at only one site: the CRW‐injured RR2 hybrid was unable to utilize increasing N rates while the SSX hybrid did not plateau. Recommended N rates (134–185 kg N per ha−1) were sufficient to optimize root mass, N uptake, root protection, and yield under a low stress, modest CRW‐pressure environment: however, low N resulted in poor performance of these hybrids, suggesting further exploration of N rate effects when N loss or denitrification is present.
Molecular Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae in Roots of Juniperus virginiana Invasive to Grasslands
Authors: Liang Zhanbei B. , Lee Donald J. , Dweikat Ismail M. , Wedin David A. , Yuen Gary Y. , Drijber Rhae A.
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas

Glomus spp. dominate the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community in eastern red cedar (ERC) roots.

Young seedlings harbor the most diverse AMF, similar to grassland soils from the same site.

AMF diversity within ERC roots tended to decrease with plant age suggesting narrower plant and edaphic selection pressures with increasing ERC stand density.

A change in biotic and abiotic factors resulting from displacement of grassland with ERC is likely responsible for successional changes in the AMF community.

Eastern red cedar (ERC; Juniperus virginiana) is an invasive species of juniper native to eastern North America that causes significant economic loss to grasslands. Recent findings of high molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soils under ERC stands led us to consider that the invasiveness of ERC into grasslands may arise in part from its ability to form associations with extant grassland AMF communities. The diversity of AMF in roots of ERC was determined for five age groups ranging from 1 to 65 yr old and varying in stand density from individual seedlings in grassland (<5 yr) to closed ERC canopies devoid of grass species (65 yr). Roots were analyzed by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting, cloning, and insert screening by DGGE, and sequencing of ribosomal DNA small‐subunit regions. Phylogenetically analyzed AMF sequences were used to define phylotypes. The majority of the sequences obtained were classified into Glomus Group A, with only a few belonging to Gigasporaceae and Acaulosporaceae, the latter two largely restricted to roots from ERC < 5 yr old. The richness of phylotypes tended to decrease with time, ranging from 11 in the youngest age group (1–5 yr) to 4 in the oldest age group (46–65 yr). Abundance of phylotypes varied greatly among the age groups. Overall, AMF diversity within ERC roots tended to decrease with plant age suggesting narrower plant and edaphic selection pressures with increasing ERC stand density.
Lessons Learnt: Sharing Soil Knowledge to Improve Land Management and Sustainable Soil Use
Authors: Lobry de Bruyn Lisa , Jenkins Abigail , Samson-Liebig Susan
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas

Acknowledge the role of experiential knowledge in informing soil use and management.

Investigate knowledge needs and discourse in a deeper and all‐encompassing way.

Train work‐ready graduates who can succeed as existing staff retire.

Form knowledge partnerships with genuine commitment, trust and social cohesion.

Broaden the way the discipline communicates and engages with social networks.

Provide a dynamic learning environment which balances the digital and real world.

Evaluate impact of activities and appraise their worth through reflection.

Our aim was to examine the challenges and opportunities to soil knowledge sharing in the 21st Century. Soil can only be effectively managed if we are better connected to it by being well‐informed and with appropriate support. A central observation has been the diminishing human capital and capacity in the sectors of higher education, training and outreach, and the ramifications for knowledge sharing between the various groups: educators, policymakers, researchers, outreach agents and practitioners (including the public). We encourage a movement away from a linear learning model to a socially constructivist learning approach to address the consequences of declining resources, including: a loss of legacy soil information, moribund social networks, loss of experienced outreach staff, and finally a loss of expertise in soil science to prepare graduates for the workplace with improved soil knowledge and practical experiences. Blurring the lines between knowledge generator and user will encourage solutions for the sustainable use of soil from outside traditional knowledge‐holders. We suggest the solution, to a shrinking on‐the‐ground presence, is to invest in relationships and social networks to foster understanding of soil‐building practices and achieve wider adoption of technologies. We need to balance placing information in a digital environment with providing opportunities for sharing information via interpersonal interactions, over a sustained period. This opinion piece reflects on how soil education, training and outreach can form a genuine partnership between those with experience and those with expertise to create a dynamic learning environment with a high probability of ensuring a more sustainably managed landscape.
Spatiotemporal Scaling of Vegetation Growth and Soil Formation: Explicit Predictions
Authors: Hunt A. G.
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas

Universal exponents of percolation describe vegetation growth and soil formation.

The variability in the coefficient of vegetation growth relates to evapotranspiration.

The variability in the coefficient for soil formation relates to net infiltration.

The variability in the coefficient of net primary productivity relates to nutrients.

In a previous study, vegetation linear extent and soil depth as functions of time were proposed to follow percolation‐based scaling laws of power‐law form. Although the power‐law exponents are specified by theory, the fundamental length, x0, and time, t0, scales must be generated from physical arguments. In principle, these length and time scales can vary widely with climate, soil, and plant variables. In the previous study, approximate values, microns and seconds, were proposed for x0 and t0, based on typical soil flow rates, x0/t0, under saturated conditions, and the concept of a single pore having a diameter measured in microns. But the focus here is on development of predictive relationships for soil depth and vegetation linear extent as functions of time and, thus, on guidance for choosing specific values for x0 and t0. In the present study, it is argued that the relevant flow rate for soil formation is net (deep) infiltration, whereas for vegetation extent, the relevant flux must equate to transpiration. In vegetation, linear extent refers (approximately) equivalently to plant height, or root radial extent. Here root radial extent is taken as half the diameter of the projected root system. Since the root radial extent and the root biomass are by definition related through the root fractal dimensionality, the proposed relevance of transpiration to root radial extent implies a specific relationship between transpiration and root productivity, a measure of the root biomass added in a year. When above‐ground and below‐ground biomass are closely related, one can infer a proportionality of net primary productivity to root biomass changes. The general concepts are tested on large data‐bases for the temporal evolution of plant heights and soil depths, as well as the productivity as a function of evapotranspiration and soil calcic and gypsic horizon depths.
Creación colectiva e innovación socio-educativa. Estudio de caso de dos proyectos pedagógicos en arte y medios digitales
Authors: Fonseca Díaz Andrés David
Published: June 2017

Este artículo presenta un acercamiento a los procesos de innovación social en la educación a partir de la exploración de dos tendencias emergentes relacionadas con la producción de conocimiento y con el rediseño de la subjetividad: la educación expandida y el edupunk. Con fines de exponer un referente práctico, el documento indaga acerca de dos experimentos colectivos realizados en el espacio académico de profundización, Proyectos de Arte I y II del programa Educación Infantil de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional de Bogotá (2010), en donde se intersecta el arte y los medios digitales, se articulan y proponen estrategias de pensamiento de diseño, dinámicas de creación colectiva, la construcción de rutas metodológicas, de narrativas audiovisuales y el diseño de dispositivos críticos para potenciar los procesos de formación.
La educación: una puerta a la felicidad
Authors: Barrios Tao Hernando , Siciliani Barraza José María , Parra Rozo Omar Antonio
Published: June 2017

La narrativa se constituye en una herramienta didáctica determinante en los procesos formativos. Más allá de una serie de fórmulas y parámetros, el acto educativo constituye una forma de vida diaria en el que se intercambian conocimientos y experiencias. Los docentes y los estudiantes abren la puerta del saber y se enfrentan a terrenos diversos, en los cuales se desencadenan dispositivos cognitivos, afectivos, personales y  sociales que hacen alusión a los adelantos de la ciencia, la pedagogía y el arte. La búsqueda que se emprende en la educación debe ser placentera y no debe suponer una obligación sino un pasaje feliz. La forma más fructífera de transitar por el camino investigativo y formativo se da a través de ejemplos, de profesores que muestran sus experiencias y de problemas que presentan soluciones basadas en la creatividad. Lo extraordinario y lo desconocido se convierten en el pan diario de la educación.
Facilitation of equivalence – equivalence responding: generalization of relational responses
Authors: Perez Vicente , Garcia Andres , Gomez Jesus
Published: June 2017

Equivalence-equivalence responding (Eq-Eq) has become a behaviour analytic model of analogical reasoning. In previous works it was demonstrated that the exposition to a non-arbitrary relational task (facilitation procedure) improves performance in Eq-Eq tasks. In the present work we attempted to analyze the role of task components: arbitrary or non-arbitrary relational responses, role as sample or comparisons, and relating relations. In the first experiment, we devised four facilitation procedures combining two dimensions: simple or compound sample or comparisons and arbitrary or non-arbitrary relations among compound stimuli. In the second experiment two facilitation procedures including compound stimuli were tested. In one condition arbitrary relations worked as sample, and non-arbitrary relations as comparison. In the other condition its function was reversed. All procedures were effective to improve Eq-Eq to different extents, being arbitrary relational responses the key element. These results show generalization between non-arbitrary and arbitrary responses, and add further support to Eq-Eq responding as operant behaviour.
Intervention program for the improvement of attention abilities in Argentinean school children
Authors: Susana Ison Mirta
Published: June 2017

We understand attention as an active and constructive mechanism that can be improved with regular practice. The purpose of the present research was to evaluate the efficiency of an intervention program aimed at stimulating attention abilities in Argentinean school children between 7-12 years old previously detected as having low attention efficiency, and considering age and sex. We formed two groups: a) under study, with 72 students, and b) control, with 66 students. In the post-intervention stage the results showed a statistically significant increase of attention efficiency in the children involved in the program. These are promising results regarding their application to different cognitive performance profiles and the various development contexts.
Temporal parameters of self-controlled behavior in humans
Authors: Palacios Conde Hilda , Ávila Santibáñez Raúl , Juárez Segura Andrea , Miranda Hernández Patricia
Published: June 2017

Self-controlled behavior, defined as refraining from taking a reward until an external criterion is reached, was study with 36 participants that were exposed to pairs of TV videos which were available according to the following contingency. An attempt to play the first video (SR1) turned off it and cancelled the second video (SR2) presentation, otherwise SR2 could be played. Four SR1 durations were programmed according to three repetitive time cycles (T cycle) of different length each one. The obtained duration of SR1 de percentage of SR2 delivered per session were lower as SR1 duration was lengthened and this effect was higher with longer T cycles. These findings show the viability of this type of procedure to study self-controlled behavior.
Towards Neuroresponsibility's model: a perspective of social responsibility since human development
Authors: Martí Noguera Juan José , Martí-Vilar Manuel , Puerta Lopera Isabel Cristina
Published: June 2017

The rise of neuroscience's study, based on the technological development that allows to investigate brain processes by neuroimaging, has led to a new research area which after the neuro  prefix covers studies such as neuroeconomics, neuromarketing and social neuroscience . This paper provides a review based on different research projects with the aim of presenting social responsibility, often conceptually linked to organizational paradigms, as an evolutionary trend of neurological human development, which could be called Neuro-responsibility.
Psychometric characterization of an instrument of organizational climate in the Colombian university education sector
Authors: Castillo Ledy , Lengua Cledys , Pérez Herrera Paula Andrea
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study was to characterize psychometrically an instrument for measuring organizational climate for higher education institutions. The methodology refers us to a cross-sectional study, we obtained a total sample of 662 participants. Obtained a Cronbach alpha 0 = 0.91, which means a very good internal consistency of the test. In the inter item correlation analysis, which refers to another element of internal consistency, there were significant positive correlations (p = 0.01). Observed in the factor analysis, which measures the final test for 51.3% of the total variance explained in five factors. In general, it presents an instrument with adequate psychometric characteristics for measuring the organizational climate in higher education educations
Positively skewed data: revisiting the box-cox power transformation.
Authors: Olivier Jake , M. Norberg Melissa
Published: June 2017

Although the normal probability distribution is the cornerstone of applying statistical methodology; data do not always meet the necessary normal distribution assumptions. In these cases, researchers often transform non-normal data to a distribution that is approximately normal. Power transformations constitute a family of transformations, which include logarithmic and fractional exponent transforms. The Box-Cox method offers a simple method for choosing the most appropriate power transformation. Another option for data that is positively skewed, often used when measuring reaction times, is the Ex-Gaussian distribution which is a combination of the exponential and normal distributions. In this paper, the Box-Cox power transformation and Ex-Gaussian distribution will be discussed and compared in the context of positively skewed data. This discussion will demonstrate that the Box-Cox power transformation is simpler to apply and easier to interpret than the Ex-Gaussian distribution.
How to factor-analyze your data right: do’s, don’ts, and how-to’s.
Authors: Matsunaga Masaki
Published: June 2017

The current article provides a guideline for conducting factor analysis, a technique used to estimate the population-level factor structure underlying the given sample data. First, the distinction between exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) is briefly discussed; along with this discussion, the notion of principal component analysis and why it does not provide a valid substitute of factor analysis is noted. Second, a step-by-step walk-through of conducting factor analysis is illustrated; through these walk-through instructions, various decisions that need to be made in factor analysis are discussed and recommendations provided. Specifically, suggestions for how to carry out preliminary procedures, EFA, and CFA are provided with SPSS and LISREL syntax examples. Finally, some critical issues concerning the appropriate (and not-so-appropriate) use of factor analysis are discussed along with the discussion of recommended practices.
Validation of a questionnaire on the managers’ moral judgment competence, in Hidalgo, Mexico
Authors: Robles Francia Víctor H.
Published: June 2017

This article presents the validation of a questionnaire on the manager's moral judgment competence, the Questionnaire of Managerial and Entrepreneurial Socio-morals Problems. This by means of the theoretical discussion about the Rest's Defining Issues Test and the Kohlberg's interview. This paper explains the alternative of the experimental questionnaire, as effective alternative of quantification of the moral judgment competence, the Lind's Moral Judgment Test, identical procedure of design of the CPSGE. Likewise, the design of the CPSGE satisfies the theoretical fundamental precedent of the taking of the role and context, in this case the manager's role and his context. In addition, the sample to which, the CPSGE was applied, was constituted by 177 managers of the Hidalgo state in Mexico. The findings of the CPSGE application were corroborated: the precedents' hierarchy, the quasi-simplex structure, the affective-cognitive parallelism and the correlation with the education. It presents these results, besides the consequences and adjacent problems of investigation.
Some specifications for review articles
Authors: Juárez Fernando
Published: June 2017

While recognizing the importance of the theoretical or conceptual review articles, its valuation would increase if they were subjected to quality standards in their construction and evaluation, as specified in relationto experimental studies (see Ramos & Catena, 2004).
Promoting quality of life: impact evaluation of the program “Strength for a healthy life”
Authors: Falcone Castillo Javiera , Castro Serrano Borja , Serrano Pérez Paula , Ortiz Ramírez Valeria , Toral Chaignea Magdalena
Published: June 2017

In the female population, depression and anxiety are two of the most common health problems. In addition, worry, irritability and fatigue are symptoms by which women commonly seek consultation at health centers. If to this scenario we add living in poverty, the situation is intensified. This is why we see with more frequent studies that show the difference between men and women when they experience these kind of situations. This study aims at observing the relationship between quality of life, poverty, and the Program: Strength for a Healthy Life (PSFHL). This program promotes the development of cognitive and emotional capacities to strengthen the lives of low-income women (the average household income is of $444.00 dollars). The impact evaluation is descriptive, with a non-experimental and longitudinal design. Results show that the PSFHL has a significant impact that prevails through time, that women increase their quality of life, and that they decrease their symptoms.
Relationship between scripts interruptions and consumers affective judgements in users of a university cafeteria
Authors: Juárez Fernando
Published: June 2017

This study analyzes the relationship among various types of script interruptions and affective judgments of satisfaction and quality for users of a university cafeteria. It replicates the study carried out in Spain by Falces, Sierra, Briñol and Horcajo (2002). A questionnaire on satisfaction and quality service, developed by Falces, et al. (2002), was used. In terms of satisfaction, unsolved or unsuccessfully solved errors and obstacles leaded to more negative judgments than interruptions with a positive outcome and distractions were located in an intermediate position. Errors and obstacles both with a positive or negative solution differed among them; distractions differed from all other categories. This finding is different from the results obtained in the Spanish sample where no difference was found between obstacles and errors with a negative outcome and where distractions did not differ from other categories. Concerning quality service, distractions received the lowest score. The most significant differences were found between distractions and obstacles and between obstacles and errors. This finding also differs from the Spanish results where such categories show a similar pattern in terms of satisfaction.
Niveles de depresión y estrategias de afrontamiento en familiares de víctimas de desaparición forzada en la ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Giraldo Marín Luís Alexander , Gómez Gómez Jesús David , Maestre Caro Katherine
Published: June 2017

Se buscó determinar la relación entre el nivel de depresión y las estrategias de afrontamiento en familiares de personas víctimas de desaparición forzada de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Los participantes fueron 34 personas adultas de ambos géneros (4 hombres y 30 mujeres) con un rango de edad 18 a 71 años de edad, familiares de víctimas de desaparición forzada de entre 6 y 21 meses de haber acontecido el evento, a quienes se les aplicó el cuestionario de depresión de Beck validado y estandarización en población mexicana (Jurado, 1998) y el cuestionario de estilos de afrontamiento (Sandin & Chorot, 2003). Se hicieron comparaciones con los promedios de la población general de acuerdo con los grupos de edad, tiempo de desaparición del familiar y asistencia previa a psicoterapia de los participantes. El 79,4% presentaban familiares desaparecidos entre 6 y 12 meses y el 58,8% no había recibido apoyo psicológico. Los niveles de depresión de la población se presentaron en 29,4% mínimo o sin síntomas, 23,5% leve, 41,2% moderada y 5,9% severa; aunque la relación entre el nivel de depresión y los estilos de afrontamiento no es estadísticamente significativa, la focalización en la solución de problemas y la religión parecen factores protectores del nivel de depresión.
Psicología y asuntos económicos: una aproximación al estado del arte
Authors: Alejo Riveros Argemiro , Rojas Arias Patricia , Pérez-Acosta Andrés Manuel
Published: June 2017

La psicología económica tiene una corta historia pero también un crecimiento importante en las últimas décadas por la importancia que reviste para la comprensión del comportamiento humano. En este artículo se efectaú una aproximación al estado del arte de la psicología económica, resaltando su estrecha conexión tanto con la psicología social como con la ciencia económica. El artículo se divide en tres partes: 1. Contexto histórico: se examinan los orígenes de la psicología económica hacia finales del siglo XIX y el rol de pioneros como Gabriel Tarde, Wilhelm Wundt, George Katona y Paul Albou. También se examinan los aportes de investigadores más recientes como Fred van Raaij, Stephen E. G. Lea y Paul Webley 2. Contexto teórico: se presentan los supuestos claves de la psicología económica, algunos de sus modelos contemporáneos más influyentes e investigación empírica de respaldo. Una muestra clara del impacto de esta disciplina es el hecho de que dos psicólogos (Herbert A. Simon y Daniel Kahneman) recibieron el Premio Nobel de Economía (1978 y 2002). Finalmente, 3. Aspectos metodológicos: se reseñan los métodos y técnicas de investigación más frecuentemente usados en el área. Al respecto, predominan las técnicas como las encuestas abiertas y las observaciones de campo, aunque también hay presencia de la metodología experimental en ambientes controlados. Gracias a esta diversidad metodológica, la psicología económica ha podido aproximarse a temas complejos como el ahorro, el desempleo, el trabajo voluntario, la evasión de impuestos, la conducta del consumidor y el desarrollo infantil de conceptos económicos como el dinero.
Organizational attractiveness: an empirical study on employees attitudes in lithuanian business sector
Authors: Bakanauskiene Irena , Bendaravičienė Rita , Barkauskė Laima
Published: June 2017

Measurement of employer’s attractiveness has been given much attention in many countries all over the world, but there was no extensive research performed in Lithuania so far, providing empirical evidence to define the landscape of organizational attractiveness in Lithuanian business sector. The aim of this study (N = 1020 respondents) is to identify which dimensions make organizations attractive as employers in Lithuanian business sector. The article employs a research approach based on a postpositivistic perspective. The relevant literature on organizational attractiveness is critically reviewed, analyzed, compared and generalized. Addressing research aim, a scale to measure organizational attractiveness as an employer was developed and administered in Lithuanian business sector in such a manner. Existing methodologies measuring organizational attractiveness were analyzed composing a list of 67 dimensions. Using content validity, scale comprising 30 dimensions was developed to measure organizational attractiveness of companies in Lithuanian business sector. A telephone interview survey method for data collection was used. Descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations, and frequencies) is used to analyze the data of the survey. 30 dimensions of organizational attractiveness were rank-ordered according to their means in descending order from most important to least important drivers of employer’s attractiveness. Specifically, the results suggested that good working atmosphere, adequate salary and interesting job are key to the attractiveness as an employer of business companies in Lithuania as perceived by their employees. The article also discusses the implications of the findings.
Does board composition have an impact on CSR reporting?
Authors: Velte Patrick
Published: June 2017

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting plays a key role in management control, particularly in light of the increased demand for non-financial reporting after the financial crisis of 2008–2009. This literature review evaluates 47 empirical studies that concentrate on the influence of several board composition variables on the quantity and quality of CSR reporting. The author briefly introduces the research framework that underpins current empirical studies in this field. This is followed by a discussion of the main variables of board composition: (1) committees (audit and CSR committees), (2) board independence, (3) board expertise, (4) CEO duality, (5) board diversity (gender and foreign diversity), (6) board activity, and (7) board size. The author, then, summarizes the key findings, discusses the limitations of the existing research and offers useful recommendations for researchers, firm practice and regulators.
Tax incentives as a factor of effective development of domestic tourism industry in Russia
Authors: Gudkov Aleksandr , Dedkova Elena , Dudina Kristina
Published: June 2017

In the recent period, of significant importance is the topic of ensuring national security, which is based, in particular, on the possibilities of existence of economic systems under the conditions of isolation, the maximum use of one’s own internal resources to ensure import substitution. One of the types of such resources is recreational resources, which can be of interest both for the country’s citizens and foreign citizens. However, a significant impact of geopolitical problems on the development of the tourism industry makes it possible to effectively calculate and most objectively forecast revenues only from its internal component. In this regard, the problem of development of the domestic tourism industry is becoming increasingly relevant with a view to making a positive impact of the sector’s development on the welfare of the state as a whole and the creation of a favorable social climate for citizens. This article, on the basis of the methods of theoretical and empirical research, studies the peculiarities of development of the domestic tourism industry in Russia and examines the need in tax incentives for its effective development. Based on the analysis of the current state of the domestic tourism industry in Russia, the authors propose a division of the subjects of the tourism market, which are targeted by tax incentives, a new system for classifying domestic enterprises indicating the basic requirements and conditions for obtaining support, as well as specific measures of organizational and fiscal provisions for the growth of the domestic tourism market.
Land fragmentation in Ukraine: agricultural land-use management and jurisprudence issues
Authors: Kurylo Volodymyr , Pantaliienko Petro , Bogdanets Vyacheslav , Ovcharuk Sergij
Published: June 2017

Land parcels fragmentation problem in different agriclimatic zones of Ukraine is reviewed; general pattern, as well as regional specific is outlined. Land management of fragmented parcels in agricultural use is discussed, including land ownership and jurisprudence issues of land consolidation. Three key plots were chosen to analyze issues of land fragmentation, geospatial data shown demonstrate need for land consolidation to optimize agricultural land-use of such territories. Specificity fragmentation of land for agricultural companies, located in the mountainous regions of Ukraine, is noted. Gaps in the legal regulation of relation connected with land fragmentation were disclosed. Problems of land inheritance in the context of fragmentation, exchange of land resources as a tool for effective functioning of land market, the small and medium producers, economic development and agriculture in general; the creation of a land bank is regarded as a factor in reducing fragmentation of land were examined.
rGO/MnO2 nanowires for ultrasonic-combined Fenton assisted efficient degradation of Reactive Black 5
Authors: Ramesh Martha , Rao Martha Purnachander , Rossignol F. , Nagaraja H. S.
Published: June 2017

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coated manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanowires (NWs) were prepared by the hydrothermal method. Raman spectra confirmed the presence of rGO and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of rGO/MnO2 NWs was found to be 59.1 m2g−1. The physico-chemical properties of prepared catalysts for the degradation of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye were investigated. 84% of RB5 dye in hydrogen peroxide solution was successfully degraded using rGO/MnO2 NWs, while only 63% was successfully degraded with pristine α-MnO2 NWs in 60 min owing to the smaller crystallite size and large surface area. Further, the ultrasonic-combined Fenton process significantly enhanced the degradation rate to 95% of RB5 by the catalyst rGO/MnO2 NWs due to synergistic effects. The decomposition products identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed a higher production rate of fragments in the ultrasonic-combined Fenton process. Therefore, rGO/MnO2 NWs with the ultrasonic-combined Fenton process is an efficient catalyst for the degradation of RB5, and may be used for environmental protection.
O protagonismo dos sistemas de tecnologia da informação na interceptação telefônica: a importância da cadeia de custódia
Authors: Santoro Antonio Eduardo Ramires , Tavares Natália Lucero Frias , Gomes Jefferson de Carvalho
Published: June 2017

As mudanças tecnológicas levaram ao processo penal novas formas de obtenção de informações, dentre elas, a interceptação das comunicações telefônicas. A Lei no 9.296/96 introduziu, nesse subsistema probatório, novos atores, que não existiam no sistema penal tradicional, os quais interferem diretamente na produção da informação valorável pelo julgador. A lei é silente quanto à forma de execução da medida, bem como do rastreamento da informação, relegando tal tarefa às empresas de tecnologia da informação. Temendo os riscos associados a uma possível produção de evidências defeituosas, o presente trabalho versa sobre a importância da cadeia de custódia como garantia de rastreabilidade e fiabilidade. Com o intuito de conhecer o rito para obtenção da informação por meio da interceptação telefônica e da constatação a respeito de sua idoneidade, aliou-se um estudo teórico-bibliográfico à análise dos dados sobre esse meio de obtenção de prova fornecidos pelo CNJ, seguida de análise dos sistemas de tecnologia da informação desenvolvidos para execução da medida de interceptação das comunicações.
Editorial dossiê "Investigação preliminar, meios ocultos e novas tecnologias"
Authors: Valente Manuel Monteiro Guedes
Published: June 2017

A sociedade internético-personocêntrica impõe novos desafios ao Direito, mas em especial ao Direito constitucional penal material e processual. A justiça é um bem precioso, a segurança é outro bem valioso, mas a liberdade é o maior valor da justiça. Esta trilogia exige ao legislador contenção para não ceder em agradar de todo os apelos dos cidadãos – justiça célere para o outro – e exige aos hermeneutas e exegetas um olhar atento nas opções político-criminais de persecução criminal face aos designados novos meios de obtenção/investigação de prova próprios da era digital que se revestem de uma natureza, materialidade e processualidade oculta. Impõe-se ao cientista do Direito que faça um exame crítico quanto aos fundamentos (pressupostos), fins e limites supraconstitucionais, constitucionais e infraconstitucionais do recurso às escutas telefónicas, aos agentes infiltrados físicos e digitais, ao rastreamento informático, às buscas digitais e apreensões digitais, ao registo de voz off e imagem, à videovigilância, aos campos avançados de investigação, ao controlo do GPS, do IP e do IMEI, e, até mesmo, à admissibilidade de utilização da itelligence para obtenção de prova criminal.
UJI ADAPTASI SORGUM MANIS SEBAGAI TANAMAN SELA DI ANTARA TANAMAN KARET BELUM MENGHASILKAN
Authors: Sahuri Sahuri
Published: June 2017

Lahan di antara tanaman karet belum menghasilkan (TBM) memiliki potensi untuk peningkatan produksi sorgum manis. Sorgum manis merupakan salah satu komoditas yang bernilai tinggi untuk ketahanan pangan dan energi karena memiliki daya adaptasi yang luas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tumpang sari karet+sorgum terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman karet belum menghasilkan serta mempelajari beberapa parameter agronomi dan produksi sorgum manis sebagai tanaman sela karet. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Sembawa dari bulan Juni sampai Oktober 2013. Percobaan ini merupakan percobaan faktor tunggal menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor perlakuannya adalah 13 genotipe sorgum yaitu : Patir-1, Patir-2, Patir-3, Patir-4, Patir-5, Patir-6, Patir-7, Patir-8, Patir-9, Patir-10, Patir-11, Patir-12, Patir-13, Pahat, Kawali dan Mandau. Pengamatan tanaman karet menggunakan metode simple random sampling, membandingkan antara tanaman karet pola tumpang sari sorgum dengan tanaman karet pola monokultur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sorgum sebagai tanaman sela memiliki efek positif terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman karet klon IRR 118, BPM 107 dan BPM 109, dan masing-masing klon ini memiliki respon pertumbuhan yang berbeda dengan adanya tanaman sela sorgum. Hasil uji adaptasi sorgum manis menunjukkan bahwa Patir-5 memiliki berat batang segar (41.16 ton/ha), kandungan nira (27.18 %), dan hasil nira (3.421 kg/ha) yang tertinggi sehingga sangat berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku biofuel. Hasil biji tertinggi adalah varietas Kawali (2.69 ton/ha). Penampilan ketiga belas genotipe sorgum, menunjukkan variasi sifat agronomi yang berbeda dan memberikan respon yang baik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil sehingga dapat dikembangkan sebagai tanaman sela karet.
Sufficient optimality conditions and duality for nonsmooth multiobjective optimization problems via higher order strong convexity
Authors: Upadhyay Balendu , Priyobarta Ningthoujam , Rohen Yumnam
Published: June 2017

In this paper, we define some new generalizations of strongly convex
functions of order m for locally Lipschitz functions using Clarke
subdifferential. Suitable examples illustrating the non emptiness of the
newly defined classes of functions and their relationships with classical
notions of pseudoconvexity and quasiconvexity are provided. These
generalizations are then employed to establish sufficient optimality
conditions for a nonsmooth multiobjective optimization problem involving
support functions of compact convex sets. Furthermore, we formulate a mixed
type dual model for the primal problem and establish weak and strong duality
theorems using the notion of strict efficiency of order m. The results
presented in this paper extend and unify several known results from the
literature to a more general class of functions as well as optimization
problems.
Big Data Analytics: Opportunity or Threat for the Accounting Profession?
Authors: Richins Greg , Stapleton Andrea , Stratopoulos Theophanis C. , Wong Christopher
Published: June 2017

Contrary to Frey and Osborne's (2013) prediction that the accounting profession faces extinction, we argue that accountants can still create value in a world of Big Data analytics. To advance this position, we provide a conceptual framework based on structured/unstructured data and problem-driven/exploratory analysis. We argue that accountants already excel at problem-driven analysis of structured data, are well positioned to play a leading role in the problem-driven analysis of unstructured data, and can support data scientists performing exploratory analysis on Big Data. Our argument rests on two pillars: accountants are familiar with structured datasets, easing the transition to working with unstructured data, and possess knowledge of business fundamentals. Thus, rather than replacing accountants, we argue that Big Data analytics complements accountants' skills and knowledge. However, educators, standard setters, and professional bodies must adjust their curricula, standards, and frameworks to accommodate the challenges of Big Data analytics.
Management Control Systems for Creative Teams: Managing Stylistic Creativity in Fashion Companies
Authors: Davila Antonio , Ditillo Angelo
Published: June 2017

We use a field research design to examine management control systems in creative teams working in fashion firms. The study is structured as an in-depth case study followed by five additional cases. We find management control systems to be deeply embedded in the work environment of creative teams. They are designed to define, negotiate, and legitimize the designs that emerge from the creation process. We identify a set of systems (directional) that define the creative space of design teams and that work as interfaces with the rest of the company. We also find a set of systems (inspirational) that guide the creative process to enhance novelty and provide a common vision to support consistency across the overall collection of products designed. In addition, our analysis documents how firms following different strategies—fine fashion versus mass market—design these systems differently to adapt their creative process to their strategic demands.
Factores de riesgo para infección respiratoria aguda en los barrios Ciudad Jardín y Pinos de Oriente, Tunja, Colombia
Authors: Corredor Gamba Sandra Patricia , Umbacia Salas Flor Angela , Sandoval-Cuellar Carolina , Rojas Pilar
Published: June 2017

La infección respiratoria aguda es la principal causa de muerte en niños menores de cinco años. Diversos factores de riesgo se relacionan con su desarrollo, como el tabaquismo, las condiciones de la vivienda y la lactancia materna. Objetivo. Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados con la infección respiratoria aguda en un grupo de niños menores de 12 años de Ciudad Jardín y Pinos de Oriente, Tunja, en 2013. Materiales y métodos. Se trata de un estudio observacional de tipo descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo. La población estudiada fueron 200 niños menores de 12 años. Mediante muestreo aleatorio simple, se obtuvo una muestra de 136 niños, se encuestó a los acudientes de los niños y se registraron los datos en el instrumento diseñado para tal fin. Resultados. En la población estudiada existen factores de riesgo para la infección respiratoria aguda, principalmente: tiempo de lactancia (OR=1,11; IC95% 0,19-6,21), número de ventanas de la vivienda (OR=2,43; IC95% 0,52-11,20), tipo de piso de la vivienda (OR=6,21; IC95% 0,0-1,3) y tabaquismo en la madre (OR=4,08; IC95% 0,0-1,8). Conclusiones. Como factores de riesgo de infección respiratoria aguda, se encontraron el hecho que la vivienda cuente con piso de tierra y el que la madre sea fumadora. Palabras clave: factores de riesgo, enfermedad respiratoria, niño
Validación del test de Fagerström para adicción a la nicotina (FTND)
Authors: Roa-Cubaque Marcela América , Parada-Sierra Zulma Estefanía , Albarracín-Guevara Yudy , Alba-Castro Eli , Aunta-Piracon Mariluz , Ortiz-León María
Published: June 2017

Introducción. El tabaquismo es causa de enfermedad respiratoria y factor de riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares, cáncer y otras enfermedades. Las intervenciones desarrolladas están orientadas al conocimiento del tabaquismo en fumadores, orientando un diagnóstico basado en la utilización de diversas pruebas que se han convertido en instrumento de evaluación, lo cual ha generado la necesidad de conocer las propiedades psicométricas de las pruebas utilizadas.

Objetivo. Validación del test de Fagerström para adicción a la nicotina.

Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal y descriptivo de evaluación de tecnología diagnóstica, y muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se incluyó una población de 200 fumadores activos de la Universidad de Boyacá. Se evaluaron seis preguntas que conforman el test, mediante la prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin y alfa de Cronbach.

Resultados. La prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett resultó estadísticamente significativa, lo cual sugiere la existencia de correlaciones dentro de la matriz de seis preguntas. La prueba de comunalidad es de utilidad en la determinación de los grupos o los factores que se describen en el test para establecer la adicción física a la nicotina. La variación total explicable de las seis preguntas que corresponden a la versión corta del test de Fagerström dio cuenta del 47,7 % de variabilidad.

Conclusiones. Las propiedades psicométricas del test permiten su utilización en el diagnóstico de tabaquismo según la adicción a la nicotina del fumador, sin presentar diferencias en la comprensión por parte de los fumadores y teniendo resultado fiables.

Palabras clave: validez de las pruebas, reproducibilidad de resultados, nicotina.
Neurociencia y Psicología como ciencias complementarias del comportamiento. Neuroscience and Psychology as Complementary Sciences of Behaviour
Authors: Pithod Abelardo
Published: June 2017

¿Las neurociencias están desplazando a la psicología? Para responder el autor analiza los objetos de ambas ciencias, y se pregunta por su discernibilidad formal. Para esto revisa los conceptos de viviente, vida y vivencia y sus relaciones con las dos fuentes de datos empíricos referentes al comportamiento: la experiencia interna y la experiencia externa. La unidad del viviente-hombre guarda un equilibrio inestable debido a la complejidad ontológica de su naturaleza duplex, animal y espiritual y sus mutuas relaciones. Esto afecta a toda la cuestión de los objetos propios de las neurociencias y de la psicología como disciplinas que se ocupan del comportamiento humano.This study examines the relationships between neuroscience and psychology, theirs subjects matters and methodological proceedings. Both sciences have been considered complementary points of view in human behavior understanding. The human spiritual activity makes the essential difference between them.
Persona, personalidad y libertad. Person, Personality and Freedom
Authors: Melendo Granados Tomás
Published: June 2017

La condición de persona, aunque reside en el acto personal de ser, se manifiesta de manera eminente a través del ejercicio de la libertad. El análisis de la libertad comienza en la esfera del hacer externo, pasa por las del querer y elegir y desemboca en los dominios del ser: es capacidad de autoconstruirse, de llegar a ser aquello que se está llamado a ser. La manifestación suprema de la libertad humana es, para cada persona, la libre aceptación amorosa del propio ser y del ser de cuanto la rodea.The condition of being a person, although residing in the personal act of being, is eminently manifested through the exercise of freedom. The analysis of freedom begins in the sphere of external doing, passes through wanting and choosing, and ends in the dominion of being: it is a capacity to self-create, to be that which is meant to be. The supreme manifestation of human freedom is, for each person, the free and loving acceptance of the self and of all that surrounds it.
La educación reclama una antropología. Education Needs Anthropology
Authors: Leizaola Jimena
Published: June 2017

El artículo pretende mostrar que la actual crisis de educación se debe principalmente a la mentalidad relativista que impera en la cultura occidental. El panorama actual de los esfuerzos educativos muestra al observador atento un sinnúmero de incoherencias. Por desgracia, éstas afectan profunda y negativamente a quienes se intenta educar y a los propios educadores. Para ponerles remedio, es preciso encontrar una honrada y profunda respuesta a la pregunta qué-quién es el hombre.This paper will show that the current crisis in education is mainly due to the relativistic mentality prevalent in Western culture. The overall state of educational endeavours indicates countless incoherences / mismatches. Unfortunately, both educators and those they try to educate are deep and negatively affected by these incoherences. In order to resolve the situation, an honest and true answer must be found to the question of what-who is man.