bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Movimientos sociales durante la intervención militar Norteamericana en República Dominicana
Authors: Cassá Roberto
Published: August 2021

Durante la primera intervención militar de Estados Unidos en República Dominicana, entre 1916 y 1924, fue característico que se activaran movimientos sociales que expresaban variantes de la resistencia al programa de los ocupantes. En lo fundamental estos movimientos existían desde los años previos al establecimiento del gobierno militar, pero a partir de este tomaron una dimensión significativamente mayor y adquirieron nuevos matices. Por ello, los ocho años que duró la ocupación se caracterizaron por la intensidad de los movimientos sociales, lo que se puede atribuir a la combinación de los elementos subjetivos que introducía el dominio extranjero con el rechazo a la culminación de los programas de modernización que venían siendo esbozados en el seno del Estado Dominicano desde décadas anteriores.
El cine de René Fortunato: desmitificando a Trujillo
Authors: Leonard Mary
Published: August 2021

Este artículo mostrará cómo la trilogía de películas sobre el dictador Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina, El Poder del Jefe, del cineasta dominicano René Fortunato, está ideada y construida cuidadosamente para desmantelar la mitología sobre el régimen de Trujillo, acumulada en la República Dominicana durante tantos años. Para entender por qué Fortunato ha hecho estas películas de la forma en que lo ha hecho, es importante verlas frente al panorama de la retórica exagerada y mitificante que todavía es común, a treinta y cinco años de la muerte de Trujillo.
Últimas publicaciones de historia dominicana años 1998-2000
Authors: Cordero Michel Emilio
Published: August 2021

No precisa de un resumen.
Los Congos de Villa Mella, República Dominicana
Authors: Hernández Soto Carlos , Sánchez Edis
Published: August 2021

Entre las manifestaciones más comunes de la religiosidad popular dominicana, podemos enumerar las cofradías afrodominicanas, las velaciones de santos, el denominado vodú dominicano, las hermandades de peregrinación y los cultos mesiánicos que surgen y resurgen en determinados momentos históricos (Davis 1987, 185-193). Este artículo se refiere a una peculiar cofradía afrodominicana: la del Espíritu Santo de Villa Mella, conocida también como la Cofradía de los Congos de Villa Mella. Nos proponemos describir brevemente su naturaleza y funciones, las ceremonias rituales en que participan sus miembros o cofrades.
Expediciones a Santo Domingo. El fracaso de un proyecto de colonización (1860-1862)
Authors: Guerrero Cano María Magdalena
Published: August 2021

A la hora de abordar un tema de emigración, nos encontramos siempre con tres cuestiones que son ineludibles: a) el lugar de partida: su densidad de población y presión demográfica, situación económica, posibilidades de alcanzar mejor nivel económico y social, existencia de programas estatales de emigración, etc.; b) el lugar de arribada o meta: buenas oportunidades, tierra disponible, posibilidades de trabajo y progreso individual, etc.; y c) por último, el hecho en sí, ¿cuál es el detonante que hace que en un momento determinado de la historia, un grupo de gente se ponga en movimiento para trasladarse a otro lugar, abandonando su tierra con lo que eso lleva aparejado de dramatismo: abandono del terruño, separación y posible ruptura definitiva con la familia, forzosa adaptación a buenas nuevas costumbres y forma de vida.
SIGNIFICANCE OF CLASSICAL AYURVEDA DOSE FORMS IN CURRENT PRACTICE – A REVIEW
Authors: Singh Prashant Kumar , Nirmal Bhusal  , Singh Binod Kumar
Published: August 2021

Rasashastra & Bhaishajya kalpana is the science of Drugs including identification, procurement, processing, preparation and application. Rasashastra deals with Rasaushadis (herbo-mineral preparations) while Bhaishajya kalpana deals with Kasta-Aushadhi (herbal preparations).   All classical text, in particular Charaka samhita, Sushruta samhita, Sharangadhara samhita, Kashyapa samhita etc. have described details of science of posology. The review is done to find the relevance of classical dose in current clinical practice. In this review concept of AushadhaMatra was studied in detail and conclusion was drawn. To get maximum benefit of Ausadha one should have to consider Aturabala and Rogabala before deciding the AushadhaMatra. The scientific approach, type of drug, time and route of administration, different forms and dosage and regimes in Ayurveda are highly significant in current scenario.
GEORGE EDWARD III MODEL
Authors: Setyawan Dody , Priantono Agus , Firdausi Firman
Published: August 2021

Indonesia is a country with highest number of smokers in the world with high mortality. The dangers of smoking not only threaten active smokers but also passive smokers. Policies are necessary to protect and reduce its adverse effects of smoking. At the regional level in 2018, the Malang City Government passed a Regional Regulation that regulates Non-Smoking Areas (KTR). The realization and efforts to implement this regional regulation are the objectives of the research. Qualitative method is used, the focus of research is to determine the four indicators popularized by George Edward III. Determination of informants determined by purposive sampling. Primary data was obtained through in-depth interviews, observations, and related document studies. The data analysis technique uses an interactive model according to Miles, Huberman & Saldana. Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2018 in Malang City in its implementation has not run effectively, yet the harmonization of this Regional Regulation with the Mayor's Regulation is the main obstacle. The development of smoking area facilities has not been maximized and the socialization of this regional regulation is still limited to policy implementers.
Peran KUD Argopuro Sebagai Stabilisator Perekonomian Masyarakat Krucil Pasca Covid-19
Authors: Ikhsan Moh. Taufik Khoiril , Septiandika Verto
Published: August 2021

Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah cara masyarakat desa Krucil mengatasi adanya ketidakstabilan perekonomian pasca Covid-19 melalui peran KUD Argopuro. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui seberapa besar dampak peran KUD Argopuro dalam menstabilkan perekonomian masyarakat desa Krucil pasca Covid-19. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu Manajer dan pengurus KUD Argopuro, serta masyarakat yang berperan aktif dalam kegiatan KUD Arogpuro ini. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif atau metode penelitian kasus. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian meliputi yaitu wawancara, buku – buku refrensi yang sesuai serta pengamatan langsung dari lapangan. Data yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini bukan dalam bentuk digital, melainkan berupa narasi, deskripsi, cerita, dokumen tertulis maupun tidak tertulis. Hasil dari penelitian diharapkan dapat membantu masyarakat pedesaan di daerah lain untuk menstabilkan atau meningkatkan kualitas perekonomian pedesaan pasca pandemi Covid-19 seperti program efektif yang telah berhasil dilakukan dalam meningkatkan sumber daya manusia yang ada oleh KUD Argopuro sebagai sumber rujukan yang relevan.
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN WALI KOTA PROBOLINGGO DALAM PELAKSANAAN PEMBINAAN KEPEGAWAIAN DI LINGKUNGAN PEMERINTAHAN KOTA PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Mubaroq Husni , Watoni Sohibul , Hasanah Zairotul
Published: August 2021

The concept of decentralization is the authority of the government that is delegated to the regions, including the authority of personnel in accordance with the decentralized functions. The regional head has the task of being a coach of the State Civil Apparatus in the concept of decentralization. There was a case that the Mayor of Probolinggo issued a decree to remove Tutang Heri Aribowo, who served as an Expert Staff at the Regional Secretariat of the City of Probolinggo. The Regional Government as a civil servant coach tends to abuse its authority. This happens because there is the influence of the political elite in giving disciplinary punishment to employees. The author wants to describe the problem in a study that uses descriptive analytical methods, namely descriptions of the facts and characteristics of a particular population or area in a systematic, factual and thorough manner. The data in this study collected materials by means of a library study. This study also uses a normative juridical method with a statutory approach. So that in this study we know the legal basics of this problem. In order to know the proper process and institution related to the case problem. This aims at employee disputes on the right track and there is no arbitrariness by the ASN supervisor.

Keywords: Employment Disputes, Authority, Personnel Advisor
Acrometastases: The nasty alter ego of fingertip infections
Authors: Looi Collin Seng Kim , Arumugam Manohar
Published: August 2021

Fingertip infections are commonly diagnosed in primary care. There is a serious condition, acrometastases, that is often mistaken for these infections. Acrometastases are defined as metastases located distal to the elbow or knee. We present a case of a malignant phyllodes tumour with acrometastases to the distal phalanx of the left middle finger that was misdiagnosed as a fingertip infection on 2 separate occasions, highlighting the need for vigilance regarding acrometastases.
Biliary ascariasis – A vicious cycle
Authors: Che Husin Nurfariza , Mohamad Ikhwan Sani , Ho Kah Yee , Soh Jien Yen , Syed Aziz Syed Hassan , Zakaria Zaidi
Published: August 2021

Biliary ascariasis is a rare disease in a non-endemic area. However, it is one of the possible etiological factors for retarded growth as well as malnutrition in children. It may cause intestinal obstruction, appendicitis, biliary obstruction, liver abscess, hepatolithiasis, and pancreatitis in adults. Herein, we report a patient with ascending cholangitis secondary to biliary ascariasis who was successfully managed with Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreaticography.
Case series of retained rectal foreign body. A Malaysian experience.
Authors: Pang Wei Soon , Tan Jih Huei , Tan Henry Chor Lip , Tan Jonathan Khee Ghee
Published: August 2021

Retained rectal foreign body, with its associated social stigma, is a medical condition that is infrequently reported in Malaysia. We report the surgical management of five cases of retained foreign objects in the rectum seen over a one-year period. There were three young and two elderly male patients. One of the elderly patients presented with altered bowel habits and an abdominal mass that mimicked a symptomatic colonic tumor. All patients had an abdominal radiograph which clinched the diagnosis of a retained foreign rectal body. Successfully retrieved objects included two bottles, one bidet device, and two sex toys. Open surgery for retrieval of the impacted rectal foreign body was required in one patient. All underwent successful retrievals without any adverse postoperative complications. In our case series, retained rectal foreign bodies were observed only in the male gender. The age presentation was bimodal, with age groups in the twenties and sixties. The treatment options used for the retrieval of these impacted foreign bodies included transanal extraction or explorative laparotomy. Proximal migration and delayed presentation are possible indications for the latter approach.
Invasive Klebsiella syndrome with coexisting fungal endophthalmitis
Authors: Sugantheran Jayanthi , Zunaina Embong , Md Kasim Wan Mariny , Talib Norlaila
Published: August 2021

Endogenous endophthalmitis accounts for approximately 5 – 10% of all endophthalmitis cases. We report a case of a middle-aged gentleman with underlying uncontrolled diabetes mellitus who presented with fever and generalised body weakness for one week. He was diagnosed with invasive Klebsiella syndrome based on blood culture with presence of bilateral pleural effusion, liver abscess, renal impairment and sphenoidal sinusitis. The patient developed sudden bilateral painless reduced vision on day two of admission. Ocular examination revealed bilateral severe anterior chamber reaction and severe vitritis that obscured the view of the fundus. Ocular B-scan ultrasonography showed multiple loculations in the posterior segment in both eyes. There was soft tissue density with calcification in the left sphenoid sinus on computed tomography of the orbit. He was treated for bilateral endogenous endophthalmitis with multiple intravitreal antibiotic injections, but showed no improvement. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed and revealed that the left sphenoid sinus was filled with fungal balls. Following drainage of sphenoidal pus, there was resolution of vitritis and fundus examination showed features of underlying fungal infection with a “string of pearls” present along the vascular arcade of both eyes. The patient was diagnosed with bilateral endogenous endophthalmitis secondary to invasive Klebsiella syndrome with coexisting fungal endophthalmitis secondary to sphenoid mycetoma. In addition to repeated intravitreal antibiotic injections, he was also treated with systemic and topical antifungal therapy. At three months post treatment, the infection resolved and his vision improved from counting fingers to 6/36 bilaterally.
Diagnosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis: Do not let the spine bites the eye
Authors: Chew Chia Chee , Chin Ju Juen , Wan Hitam Wan Hazabbah , Chong Mei Fong , Ahmad Tajudin Liza-Sharmini
Published: August 2021

Background: A diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is challenging and often delayed despitebpatients being symptomatic. Low back pain is the most common initial symptom, appearing in the second and third decades of life. Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) occurs much later in the course of the disease, often when the destruction of the spine is already debilitating.
Objective: Here, we report three cases of AS that were diagnosed after the patients developed AAU.
Methods: A case series illustrated AAU leading to the diagnosis of AS years after the initial episode of low back pain. A comparison of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and outcomes was also illustrated.
Result: We report three cases of acute anterior uveitis (AAU)-associated AS diagnosed only after many visits to the primary health care provider with the complaint of chronic low back pain. All three patients had irreversible radiological changes upon diagnosis of AS. The AAU resolved with topical steroids, and one patient developed cataract.
Conclusion: A high index of suspicion of AS in a young adult with chronic back pain before the development of AAU may prevent further functional loss and provide a better prognosis. Diagnosis of AS following AAU is not only associated with dependency but also may rob the vision of a young adult.
Gender disparity in the prescription of secondary prevention medications in a Malaysian primary care clinic
Authors: Baharudin Noorhida , Ahmad Roslan Ahmad Muslim , Mohamed Yassin Mohamed Syarif , Ramli Anis Safura , Zainal Abidin Aiza Nur Izdihar , Sahar Nurul Hidayatullaila , Din Nor Shazatul Salwana , Ibrahim Izyana Syazlin , Abd Rahim Siti Nur Hidayah , Rosli Nur Athirah
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the proven benefit of secondary prevention medications (SPMs), their utilisation remains suboptimal in many countries. This study aimed to assess the use of SPMs in a Malaysian primary care clinic and factors associated with it.
Methods: A retrospective review of electronic medical records was conducted to assess the prescription of SPMs among patients with coronary artery disease who attended the clinic between 1st January 2018 and 31st December 2018. Prescriptions of SPMs were documented in numbers and percentages. Multiple logistic regressions were used to analyse factors associated with the prescription of SPMs.
Results: Of the 662 patients included in the study, 99.1% were prescribed statins, 97% antiplatelets, 81.7% angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors or angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blockers (ARBs), and 78.7% beta-blockers. Male patients were more likely to be prescribed statins (OR = 8.584, 95% CI: 1.431 – 51.510) and antiplatelets (OR = 6.818, 95% CI: 2.294 – 20.257). Another significant factor for antiplatelets prescription was having diabetes (OR = 3.318, 95% CI: 1.148 – 9.590). Having hypertension was associated with ACE-inhibitors or ARBs prescription (OR = 4.008, 95% CI: 2.522 – 6.370).
Conclusion: Although the majority of patients received SPMs, there were significant disparities for some SPMs prescriptions among female patients. As these medications are widely available in the Malaysian primary care setting, steps should be taken to ensure that these medications are prescribed equally for all eligible patients.
Effectiveness of simple interventions to remind eye doctors to educate glaucoma patients about the dangers of driving
Authors: Low Adeline , Singh Sujaya , Ang Ee Ling , Kadir Azida Juana , Samsudin Amir
Published: August 2021

Purpose: A clinical audit to establish whether eye doctors achieve the benchmark in reminding glaucoma patients about the dangers of driving. After introducing two simple interventions, a follow-up audit was performed.
Methodology: Initially, we interviewed 85 patients with established glaucoma who underwent Humphrey visual field (HVF) testing and also reviewed their medical notes. We looked for documentation of their driving status, specifically whether those with bilateral visual field (VF) defects recalled being given advice about the dangers of driving and whether this was documented in the notes. After this initial audit, doctors were educated on the availability of guidelines on visual requirements for driving, and reminder adhesive labels were put on the front of medical notes of driving glaucoma patients. A follow-up audit was then performed on 95 different patients.
Results: In the initial audit, none of the patients had their driving status recorded. Only 36% of drivers with bilateral VF defects recalled being advised of the dangers of driving, with no documentation of whether the advice was given to them. Following the interventions, documentation of driving status became 86%. All drivers with bilateral VF defects recalled being advised regarding the dangers of driving, with documentation of the advice being given recorded in 73% of the medical notes.
Conclusion: Eye doctors are inadequately identifying, advising, and documenting the dangers of driving in the medical notes of glaucoma patients with bilateral VF defects. This can be improved with simple interventions, such as the education of doctors and creating reminder labels, for the benefit of our glaucoma patients.
Clinical audit of management of smear positive adult pulmonary tuberculosis in PR1 tuberculosis clinic, KK Bandar Miri
Authors: Cumarasamy Rubini , Dato’ Azmi Fatimah Shahidah , Salamon Norafini
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Malaysian tuberculosis (TB) clinical practice guideline (CPG) standardises the management of TB to improve the quality of care for TB patients. Not all primary care providers adhere to this guideline, however. This audit aims to improve the management of smear positive adult pulmonary TB by identifying areas of concern and developing action plans.
Methods: Data for the audit were gathered from August 2018 to August 2019 from medical records of diagnosed smear positive pulmonary TB patients. Patients were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: Forty-eight smear positive pulmonary TB patients were recruited. The majority of patients were male (54.2%) and Malay (33.2%). TB symptoms were assessed for 29.2% of patients at two weeks and then in 81.3% at one month, 97.9% at two months, 16.7% at three months, 95.8% at four months, 22.9% at five months and 95.8% at six months. Medication side effects were assessed at two weeks for only 2.1% of patients, then for 8.3% of patients at one month, 2.1% at two months and 0% at subsequent months. At diagnosis, 25% and 4.2% of patients had their visual acuity and colour vision, respectively, assessed. Only 6.3% of patients were referred to pre-pregnancy counselling. Weights were recorded for 87.5% of patients at diagnosis, then for 27.1% at two weeks, 81.3% at one month, 91.7% at two months, 77.1% at three months, 97.9% at four months, 79.2% at five months and 93.8% at six months. Baseline investigations and Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture and sensitivity were conducted for all patients, but only 81.3% of patients were traced. No patients were referred to pharmacy for medication counselling.
Conclusion: This audit shows that there is a difference between current practice and the national guideline. There are some downfalls in management and proper documentation, so interventions should be carried out to improve those aspects.
Factors associated with improper metered-dose inhaler technique among adults with asthma in a primary care clinic in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Arif Nurafiza , Lee Ping Yein , Cheong Ai Theng , Ananthan Roshan Nur Anand
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Metered-dose inhalers (MDI) are the most used inhalers worldwide. However, improper MDI techniques remain a significant problem and cause uncontrolled asthma. Studies worldwide have reported that the causes of inefficient inhaler technique are multifactorial. However, this topic has been less well studied in the Asian population. This study aimed to evaluate the MDI technique and associated factors among adults with asthma in a primary care setting in Malaysia.
Method: This was a cross-sectional study with universal sampling conducted between July and October 2017. A total of 146 patients with asthma aged 18 years and older in a primary care clinic in Putrajaya, Malaysia were recruited. Logistic regressions were used for statistical analysis to examine the association between improper MDI techniques and their related factors.
Results: The majority (83%) of respondents were female with a median age of 37 (IQR = 30.75–49.25) years, and the median duration of asthma of 20 (IQR = 10–30) years. An improper MDI technique was observed in 100 (71.9%) patients. The most frequently missed step was exhaling gently and fully before inhalation (51.4%). Respondents who were not on an MDI preventer (adjusted OR: 2.487, 95% CI: 1.121–5.519, p = 0 .025) or had used an MDI 5 years or fewer (adjusted OR: 3.369, 95% CI: 1.425–7.964, p = 0.006) were more likely to employ an improper MDI technique.
Conclusion: There was a high proportion of improper MDI techniques among patients with asthma. Patients not using an MDI preventer or who had used an MDI less than 5 years were at higher risk of improper MDI technique.
Screen-based media and young children: Review and recommendations
Authors: Arumugam Catherine Thamarai , Said Mas Ayu , Nik Farid Nik Daliana
Published: August 2021

Early childhood development is influenced by a child’s environmental experiences. The qualities of surrounding in which a child lives, grows up and learns are key for attaining their milestones. Increased availability of screen-based media in families leads to excessive screen time among young children, resulting in high chances of displacing parent–child interaction which is fundamental in a thriving child’s process of learning and development.
Numerous publications have investigated the potential health impacts of early exposure and excessive usage of screen-based media among children, with literature suggesting links between excessive screen time and behavioural difficulties, developmental delay and increased risk of obesity, among other issues. Existing guidelines from international bodies call for limiting screen time to an hour per day for children aged two to five years old and urge that children below the age of two should not be exposed to any screen time.
To spark awareness among parents and caregivers concerning the potential health impacts of screen-based media usage among young children, child media habits are recommended to be incorporated as part of toddlers’ developmental assessment in health clinics. A guideline for mindful usage of screen-based media focusing on children below the age of five tailored to a Malaysian context ought to be developed based on current evidence from research, theory and practice. A collaborative effort between concerned agencies is essential to ensuring a developmentally stimulating environment in which young children may grow up.
Algorithm for the referral of patients with inflammatory back pain from primary care in Malaysia
Authors: Lau Ing Soo , Yeap Swan Sim , Mohd Zain Mollyza , Mohd Yusoof Habibah , Sockalingam Sargunan , Yahya Fariz
Published: August 2021

Chronic low back pain, defined as back pain lasting for more than three months, can be divided into mechanical or inflammatory back pain (IBP). IBP typically starts in patients below the age of 40, is improved with activity and worsens with rest. IBP is strongly associated with axial spondyloarthritis. Early recognition of IBP among primary care physicians is essential for timely diagnosis and intervention to ensure the best outcomes for patients with axial spondyloarthritis. This paper describes the Malaysian Society of Rheumatology’s recently developed Inflammatory Back Pain Referral Algorithm for primary care physicians, which aims to facilitate the early identification and referral of IBP patients to rheumatologists.
PROJETO EDIFICAR: RELATO DE UMA PROFESSORA NA SALA DE AULA DE MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Oliveira Paulo Cesar , Matta Cristiane Santos
Published: August 2021

Neste artigo apresentamos tarefas formuladas por uma professora-pesquisadora que desenvolveu com seus alunos dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental o projeto de construção de uma casa com embalagens de caixa de leite. A motivação para o trabalho com projeto originou do desempenho insatisfatório de alunos em avaliação somativa. O desenvolvimento das atividades dos alunos ocorreu mediante um processo contínuo de avaliação, durante um semestre letivo das aulas de Matemática. Em termos de natureza metodológica optou-se por uma pesquisa qualitativa na modalidade estudo de caso. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi relacionar as etapas de trabalho no Projeto Edificar com o desempenho dos alunos na avaliação somativa, a partir das produções escritas dos alunos. A análise feita pela professora-pesquisadora na comparação entre a avaliação formativa e somativa em cada turma revelou situações de fracasso escolar.
A EVOLUÇÃO DO TRABALHO: DA PRÉ-HISTÓRIA ATÉ AO TELETRABALHO
Authors: Fontana Clarissa Peres
Published: August 2021

: a evolução do trabalho apresenta uma constante especialização no que se refere ao uso de tecnologias. Ao considerar a história do trabalho, revela-se que este fazer humano transformou não apenas a relação da humanidade com os objetos e processos da realidade, bem como as interações sociais e a construção dos modelos civilizacionais do presente. Se na pré-história e na antiguidade o trabalho surge como uma necessidade de sobrevivência e proteção, na contemporaneidade se revela difuso, especializado e profundamente tecnológico. A Idade Média somou os conhecimentos acumulados das eras anteriores à utilização de elementos mecânicos, propiciando um novo patamar para o trabalho que passa a utilizar-se de tecnologias que o aceleram e o avolumam, culminando na Revolução Industrial e seus desdobramentos até a atualidade. O teletrabalho apresenta-se como uma evolução do próprio fazer humano que sempre utilizou os elementos da realidade e as forças naturais para usufruir ou transformar distintos elementos. Da máquina a vapor medieval e dos motores que utilizam combustíveis fósseis, evolui-se para as redes de comunicação e informação como o telégrafo e o telefone, e posteriormente os computadores e a Internet. A Internet transforma-se em uma extensão virtual ou digital da realidade física, oferecendo novas ferramentas para o fazer humano. Considerando a tecnologia, os computadores e as redes elementos da realidade criados pela ação humana, estes elementos se transformam em ferramentas ou processos para criar ou modificar outros processos ou realidades físicas ou digitais. Assim, o teletrabalho hoje não apenas é um fazer virtualizado ou digital, como também é uma ferramenta para a geração de novos elementos da realidade humana, conformada em um hibridismo entre o físico e o digital.
Tatouage 3D
Authors: BEUGNON Sébastien , ITIER Vincent , PUECH William
Published: August 2021

Les maillages 3D sont largement utilisés dans l'industrie dans des domaines très différents tels que le jeu vidéo, le diagnostic médical, la CAO ou l’impression 3D. Dans ce contexte, les techniques d'insertion de données cachées sont intéressantes pour dissimuler et préserver des informations associées à un maillage ou à un nuage de points 3D. Dans ce chapitre, nous présentons les enjeux de ces technologies et les contraintes liées à la structure des maillages 3D.
Challenging the Myth of Color Blindness in Restorative Justice Programs
Authors: Bailey Monetta
Published: August 2021

Using critical race theory and institutional ethnography as frameworks, this paper investigates the Extra-Judicial Sanctions (EJS) Program, as implemented in Calgary, Alberta, and its lack of ability to achieve transformative restorative justice in the cases of racialized immigrant youth. The failure to recognize the impact of race, ethnicity, and immigrant status in the Youth Criminal Justice Act is considered problematic as this paper challenges the notion of color blindness. It is suggested that a color-conscious approach be used in the EJS Program to incorporate inclusive institutional policies explicitly to foster a sense of belonging among racialized immigrant youth.
Writing a murderous mother: a case study on the critical applications of creative writing research to crime fiction
Authors: Beasley Carolyn
Published: August 2021

Creative writing research offers a unique opportunity to draw together threads of

inquiry from the realms of the creative, the practical and the critical (Kroll and Harper

2013). This article explores a writer’s interrogation of this process and how it was

applied to creating representations of a murderous mother in a crime fiction narrative.

Crime fiction provides a natural space for intersections of the creative, practical and

critical due to the genre’s tendency towards social critique (Moore 2006) and the

opportunity it offers to question the representations and cultural assumptions that

surround us. This article aims to unpack these intersections and ask how common

representations of the murderous mother can be deconstructed, challenged and

repositioned through first separating, and then realigning, critical and creative

processes.
Learning all the tricks: critiquing crime fiction in a creative writing PhD
Authors: Franks Rachel
Published: August 2021

In the late 1920s Dorothy L. Sayers, despite her impressive contributions to the crime

fiction genre, wrote of the idea that the genre would fall into a decline, that there

’certainly does seem a possibility that the detective story will some time come to an

end, simply because the public will have learnt all the tricks’ (1947: 108). This

article takes this idea, of learning ‘all the tricks’, and applies it to the process of

producing an artefact (a crime novel) and exegesis for a creative writing doctoral

program. Specifically, this article looks at the notion of how the artefact and exegesis

should work together, as two halves of a single whole. In addition, this article explores

the idea of how the task of writing an historical crime fiction novel, and accompanying

exegesis, can draw on both crime fiction and on crime fiction criticism. This base, of

the creative and critical, can inform the production of a work that offers an aesthetic

quality and an academically rigorous contribution to conversations around one of the

world’s best-selling genres.
Lawyer as critic: analysing the legal thriller through the works of John Grisham, Erle Stanley Gardner and Harper Lee
Authors: Bainbridge Jason
Published: August 2021

Focusing on selected ‘classic’ novels by John Grisham, with reference to how they

are informed by the earlier works of Erle Stanley Gardner and Harper Lee, this paper

explores how these authors, writing in the legal thriller genre, present their lawyer

protagonists as critics of both the law and the legal systems of which they are a part.

Both Gardner’s and Grisham’s writings have been the focus of much criticism from

legal scholars who suggest they are unduly critical of lawyers and provide

outlandishly happy endings. This article challenges these criticisms by analysing how

Gardner’s and Grisham’s narratives explore notions of law’s contingency on crime

and materiality. In this way the article concludes that these narratives offer a way of

understanding how just practitioners can operate in an unjust system and therefore

constitute a powerful interrogation of how law operates.
Trial by jury and newspaper reportage: re-writing women’s stories from legal transcripts and contemporaneous journalism
Authors: Brien Donna Lee , Franks Rachel
Published: August 2021

High-profile criminal cases often pique intense public interest at the time they are being

acted out in the courts, and some cases maintain a place in the popular imagination. A

few cases will result in narratives that successfully re-narrate the protagonists’ stories

in what could be described as fully fleshed, satisfying biographical studies. This article

examines the high profile cases of Mary Dean (poisoned by her husband in 1895) and

Mary Jane Hicks (sexually assaulted by a gang of men in 1886) and how their stories,

reduced to the facts distilled from copious legal documentation and newspaper

reportage, have seen these women fade; their stories, though repeatedly re-told, contain

both Dean and Hicks as unimagined and obscure.

Image: ‘Prisoners in yard at Darlinghurst Gaol 1884-1886’, State Library of New South Wales
Creative, critical, intertextual: Agatha Christie’s The Murder of Roger Ackroyd
Authors: Rolls Alistair
Published: August 2021

This article is something of an apologia for rereading Agatha Christie, whose work is

all too often deemed lacking in creativity, or, at the very least, the richness of the

literary, or non-genre-based, text. Judging by her autobiography, even the author

herself, a lover of ‘the classics’, subscribed to some degree to this perception of her

writing. Such perceptions, however, flow logically (or perhaps syllogistically) from

ending-based responses to her work, according to which detective fiction (and

especially the whodunit model within the bounds of which critics constrain her texts)

has only one meaning, to wit, the solution to the crime as unveiled by the detective.

Christie’s works are nonetheless literary; they are texts, in other words, and indeed

texts in other words. This textuality brims over and strains against the generic

parameters that she is considered to have pioneered, but which have been set in stone

by critics, those all-powerful readers. This article follows one line of flight beyond the

bounds of the detectival solution. The marrow thrown by Hercule Poirot in _The Murder

of Roger Ackroyd_ will be shown to be a literary act par excellence, a sign of textual

exuberance. Or perhaps not so much a sign (for all signs point to the solution, do they

not?) as an explosion. I shall read the marrow for what it is – a marrow with a history; I

shall try to go beyond the metaphorical in favour of the intertextual; and finally, rather

than turning a blind eye to it in our pursuit of the murderer, I shall read it.

Image source: Photograph by CPL/Popperfoto/The Guardian
Narratives of apprehension: crime fiction and the aftermath of the Northern Irish Troubles
Authors: McGuire Matthew
Published: August 2021

With over four hundred produced between 1969 and 1998, the thriller was the most

popular fictional form of representing the Northern Ireland Troubles. Critics, however,

were highly dismissive of the genre, claiming it offered little more than clichés and

stereotypes, and that it marked the enthronement and reiteration of a problematically

reductive take on the conflict. The Belfast Agreement (1998) signalled the official end

of the Troubles and the beginning of what many hoped would be a new era in Northern

Irish history. The decades since the Agreement era have witnessed a remarkable

resurgence of interest, both critically and creatively, in crime fiction, and in the ways in

which the hermeneutic codes of the genre might be brought to bear on the various

legacies of the Troubles. For a new generation of Northern Irish crime writers,

academic critics and literary novelists the possibilities and limitations of genre fiction

have provided an arena in which key issues might be theorised and thought through;

these include the challenge of dealing with the past, questions about truth recovery and

transitional justice, and the need within the region to achieve some form of closure on

the traumatic events of recent years. Far from continuing a process of ideological

reductionism, post-Agreement crime fiction has exemplary value. Drawing inspiration

from the police procedural, the comic thriller and the noir-ish Weltanschauung of hardboiled detective fiction, it contains a series of idiosyncratic and sophisticated responses

to the aftermath of political conflict.

Image source: ‘Loyalist banner and graffiti on a building in the Shankill area of Belfast, 1970’. By Fribbler - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7569750
Something old, something new, something borrowed: imitation, limitation and inspiration in French crime fiction
Authors: Anderson Jean
Published: August 2021

Looking at a range of creative strategies, namely imitation, limitation and inspiration,

employed within the flourishing sector of French crime fiction, this study highlights some

obvious intertextual borrowings and influences. Beginning with parody and pastiche and the

replication of series’ titles to launch new collections, it then moves on to explore the role of

Jean-Bernard Pouy in founding some of these important series and encouraging new

approaches to crime fiction writing. Although the Le Poulpe series he founded is widelyknown, another series (Pierre de Gondol), created in 2000 with more muted success, attempts to take its readers past the high-low culture divide and even beyond the realm of the

metaphysical detective novel.
The endangered species list: the mercurial writing of Charles Willeford and the strange case of The Shark-Infested Custard
Authors: Popowich Jamie
Published: August 2021

In the late 1960s and the early 1970s the crime writer Charles Willeford moved into various

other genres. Willeford explored how the solitary, selfish, and obsessive male protagonists of

his crime writing responded to the genre in which they featured. The outgrowth of these

experiments were the key texts of his career: The Burnt Orange Heresy (1971) and The Shark-Infested Custard (the latter was not published until after Willeford’s death in 1993). These texts were masterworks of the crime fiction genre, pushing its boundaries beyond the realm of the creative work and producing creative-critical texts. Burnt Orange is a hybrid novel that is at once the story of a sociopathic first person narrator and, perhaps more importantly, a commentary on Surrealist and Dadaist art. The Shark-Infested Custard, on the other hand, comprises a quartet of stories less concerned with the hardboiled world of crime and more with how condominium complexes, specifically those for bachelors, were creating lifestyles built on selfishness and possessions. This article will closely examine these texts and Willeford’s genre writing of the 1960s and 1970s (from science fiction to westerns to sports narratives); it will contextualise his work in relation to crime fiction; and finally, it will place Willeford’s work in a broader context than that of the marginalised pulp writer or the writer of the Hoke Mosely novels, on which the majority of scholarly writing on his work has concentrated.
Detective fiction and the critical-creative nexus
Authors: Gulddal Jesper , Rolls Alistair
Published: August 2021

This article aims to put a theoretical frame around the concept of the critical-creative

nexus as it manifests itself in detective fiction. It argues that critical and creative practices

in the context of detective fiction, and by extension in popular literature in general, are

deeply interconnected: the writing of detective fiction always involves a critical

positioning in relation to established genre conventions, while, conversely, detective

fiction criticism, and certainly its most important exempla, involves an element of the

creative, stretching from imaginative readings to a complete critical rewriting of the

individual story. The article concludes by suggesting that the concept of the critical-creative nexus results in a new understanding of detective fiction as an inherently mobile

genre constantly in the process of reinventing itself.
Re-inventing Shakespeare: his methods of inventio and a new ‘Shakespearean’ play called Bennelong
Authors: Dodd Kirk
Published: August 2021

Most Renaissance grammar schoolboys would have been trained in a tripartite process

of rhetorical composition – inventio, dispositio and elocutio – yet there has been an

incorrect tendency to analyse only Shakespeare’s application of rhetorical figures as

Shakespeare’s application of rhetoric. Rhetorical figures concern only the third and final

method of composition, elocutio, and whilst methods of inventio (discovering

arguments) and dispositio (arranging those arguments) seem more ideational than they

do textual, we should not exclude the prospect of finding evidence for Shakespeare’s

applications of inventio methods in his work. This paper will introduce the still-emerging

field of Shakespeare’s inventio and the strategies I have developed to find evidence for

this part of Shakespeare’s creative process – evidence that I suggest is hiding in plain

view, camouflaged, as it were, before our every eyes. I will argue that Shakespeare’s use

of inventio methods conforms to Cicero’s treatise on rhetorical invention, and present

three analyses of Shakespeare’s application of the topics: notatio, contraries, and

definitions. I will then illustrate the practical applications of inventio methods by

demonstrating how I have re-applied these findings to my own blank verse drama called

Bennelong, which aims to achieve a ‘Shakespearean’ aesthetic.
Borrowed robes and garbled transmissions: echoes of Shakespeare’s dwarfish thief
Authors: Johnson Laurie
Published: August 2021

When Shakespeare’s plays are creatively reinterpreted or rewritten, ‘Shakespeare’

invariably remains locked in as the fixed point of reference: rewritings of Shakespeare;

reinterpretations of Shakespeare, and so on. Since 1753, Shakespeare source studies have

been mapping the source materials on which his plays were based, which should have

enabled us to loosen this fixed point of reference and to begin to picture the much longer

history of reinterpretations in which the plays participate. Yet traditional approaches to

Shakespeare source studies merely lock in a new point of reference, encompassing both

source text and play. This paper aims to show that the new source studies unravels the

notion of an ‘original’ by enabling us to unlock broader fields of exchange within which

Shakespeare’s texts and our interpretations circulate together. Using the example of

Macbeth and the language of borrowing and robbery within it, this essay illustrates the

capacity for creative or writerly engagements with a Shakespearean text to tap, perhaps

even unconsciously at times, into a history of words and images that goes far beyond the

400 years that we are marking in this year of Shakespeare.
In dialogue with Banquo’s ghost: how to really find yourself through the Scottish play
Authors: Muslera Pablo
Published: August 2021

Identity shifts frequently in Shakespeare’s Macbeth, on both an individual and

nationalistic level. Macbeth transforms from loyal thane to regicide, and Scotland enlists

England’s aid to end its civil war. The Macbeths switch roles during the banquet scene,

his ruthlessness eclipsing hers. Eve Best’s 2013 Globe Macbeth adds another dimension

to this scene, allowing a moment of reconciliation between Macbeth and Banquo’s ghost.

It inspired my own allegorical response to Macbeth in my prose novel The Green Fairy,

a modern meditation on identity, loss and redemption that forms the creative artefact of

my PhD thesis. My creative dialogue with Macbeth is informed by Bakhtin’s

heteroglossia, where contemporary questions of identity are explored through the lens of

the Scottish play’s background voices. These include the historical Macbeths, and film

and theatre representations of Shakespeare’s couple. In this article I combine excerpts of

my novel with exegetical commentary to address contested notions of identity in the

Scottish play. Benefits of adapting Macbeth into a contemporary novel include the ability

to dwell at length on the internal lives of characters, and tease out a particular moment

in performance of the play, to explore the modern relevance of the problems posed within

it.
Better off dead?: the creative practice of reviving Ophelia
Authors: Carniel Jessica
Published: August 2021

Various attempts have been made to reclaim Shakespeare’s heroines from tragic fates

and patriarchal oppression. Hamlet’s Ophelia has been a particular source of inspiration

for writers and filmmakers but, as with many heroines of the tragedies, the greatest

challenge for revising Ophelia is rewriting her death, which is the pivotal point of her

narrative significance in the original play. Framed within a broader consideration of the

feminist project to revive and reclaim Ophelia in the 1990s and beyond, this article

considers how treatment of Ophelia’s death in twenty-first century has been the

significant narrative turning point for adaptations and appropriations. This focus on her

death has either facilitated or compromised her subjectivity and agency. The article

concludes with suggestions for the other thematic and technical possibilities afforded to

both creative writers and literary scholars engaged in the process of canonical revision.
Comparación de técnicas instrumentales para la determinación de Vitamina C en frutas cítricas
Authors: Ayala Adrian
Published: August 2021

La vitamina C es una de las vitaminas hidrosolubles que se le ha prestado mayor importancia y estudio a lo largo de los años, por su relación a brindar grandes beneficios a la salud. Durante la pandemia de la Covid-19 una de las mayores recomendaciones era el consumo de vitamina C para contrarrestar los efectos del virus y fortalecer el sistema inmune, por su gran efecto antioxidante. La vitamina C se encuentra en diferentes alimentos como frutas y vegetales, sin embargo, se relaciona mayormente a frutas cítricas. El consumo de frutas cítricas es muy común en países tropicales debido a su facilidad de oferta en el mercado local. Muchos han sido los estudios relacionados a la determinación del contenido de vitamina C en diferentes tipos de alimentos utilizando variedad de técnicas. Este estudio realiza una revisión documental a través de diferentes fuentes de las técnicas instrumentales para determinación de vitamina c en frutas cítricas realizada por otros autores que han mostrado interés en el tema. Se realiza una comparación de las técnicas instrumentales utilizadas para la determinación de vitamina C, dando como resultado que las técnicas cromatográficas son las más utilizadas debido a su versatilidad y variedad de presentaciones, pero también se utilizan otras técnicas de igual importancia como las técnicas espectrométricas y volumétricas.