bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Witness Protection Law in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Australia
Authors: Arsawati Ni Nyoman Juwita , Putri Luh Putu Yeyen Karista , Wulandari Ni Gusti Agung Ayu Mas Tri , Tajuddin Hanifah Haydar Ali , Withnall Eric Gordon
Published: January 2025

Witness protection is the cornerstone of an effective criminal justice system. Therefore, it is important to ensure the quality of witness protection law. This study uses normative method to compare witness protection law in Indonesia, Malaysia and Australia. The result shows several similarities and differences in 5 areas namely a) the subject of protection; b) selection process; c) rights and obligations of parties; d) institutional arrangement; and e) criminal sanctions. Each country has its own approach to regulate the witness protection. Indonesia is progressive in terms of giving special rights for 6 different categories of subject of protections. For instance, special right for compensation and restitution for victims of particular crimes. Indonesia also encourage justice collaborator to give evidence by promising leniency, parole or remission. Conversely, Australia explicitly clarify that the witness protection must not be interpreted as rewarding criminals. Unlike Indonesia, Malaysia and Australia grants equal rights for all witness. Despite such differences, these 3 countries have similarity in terms of the imposition of selection process to ensure the protection is prioritized for those who need it the most. The witness protection must be maintained to balance the interest of witness, accuse and the society. The goal is not to give excessive protection for witnesses, but to adjust the protection according to the limitation of resources and financial. Moreover, Indonesia should adopt the disclosure requirement as implemented in Malaysia and Australia to prevent the witness from using the program to circumvent his legal or financial obligations.
Digital Safety for Women and Children: Legal and Policy Challenges Indonesia, Philippines, and Thailand
Authors: Ahmad Dwi Nur Fauziah , Smith Nucharee Nuchkoom
Published: January 2025

This study explores the legal protections against online sexual exploitation of children and online gender-based violence (OGBV) in Southeast Asia, focusing on Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand. Using a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology, this research identifies and evaluates legal frameworks, implementation challenges, and the role of digital platforms in addressing these issues. Key regulations such as the Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE) Law in Indonesia, the Cybercrime Prevention Act in the Philippines, and the Computer Crime Act in Thailand were analyzed alongside institutional reports and academic studies. The results reveal that while these countries have made significant progress through the establishment of legal frameworks, implementation remains hindered by limited technical capacity, a lack of digital forensic expertise, and low public digital literacy. Furthermore, weak enforcement and insufficient oversight of digital platforms exacerbate the problem, as many platforms fail to respond promptly to reports of illegal content. Despite progressive laws such as Indonesia's Sexual Violence Prevention Law and the Philippines' international collaborations, slow law enforcement processes and economic vulnerabilities contribute to the persistence of these issues. The study concludes that Southeast Asian countries need to enhance technical capabilities, expand public education, strengthen international collaboration, and ensure greater accountability from digital platforms. These measures are essential to addressing gaps in enforcement and creating a safer digital environment for women and children in the region.
RET signalling in the pituitary: a double-edged sword for differentiation, apoptosis and therapeutic strategies in acromegaly
Authors: Chenlo Miguel , Bernabeu Ignacio , Korbonits Márta , Alvarez Clara V
Published: January 2025

The discovery of RET mutations in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) in 1993 ignited a revolution in our understanding of this versatile receptor. Since then, the influence of RET has expanded to encompass diverse organs, including the pituitary gland. This review explores the multifaceted role of RET in somatotrophs, focusing on two opposing pathways: proliferation versus differentiation and apoptosis. The binding of glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to RET promotes pituitary cell survival and inhibits PIT1-dependent differentiation, while low levels of GDNF trigger differentiation via PIT1. Excessive PIT1, on the other hand, will lead to apoptosis through caspase-3 activation involving the adaptor protein AIP and CDKN2A-ARF/p53. Pathogenic mutations in AIP can disrupt this apoptotic pathway, contributing to somatotrophinoma or prolactinoma development. In this concise review, we highlight the potential of CDKN2A-ARF expression as a prognostic marker for therapy response and discuss the promise of novel RET tyrosine kinase inhibitors for aggressive somatotrophinomas.
Effectivity of Carrot (Daucus carota) Seed Oil as Hair Growth Promoter on Rats (Rattus novergicus)
Authors: Andriyanto Andriyanto , Aurelia Sharon , Zylviana Tengku , Natalie Gabriela , Putra Hamdika Yendri
Published: January 2025

Hair quality and health are important not only for the esthetical reasons but also to maintained the hair’s function in protecting the head. Carrot seed oil (CSO) is rich in vitamin A and beta-carotene, which influence hair quality. CSO also contains carotol, which has anti-fungal properties that treat dandruff. This research aimed to observe the potential of CSO as a hair growth promoter. Twenty male rats were used in the study, with their backs shaved and divided into two areas, each with different frequencies of CSO application. The backs of the rats were given CSO every day for 14 consecutive days with different concentrations, i.e., 25%, 50%, and 75%. Hair growth  was assessed based on its length, root, shaft, and tip thickness on days 9,12, and 14 and the results were recorded. On day 15, the rats were euthanized and their skin was collected to observe the number of follicles. Results showed that the application of CSO with different concentrations had no effect on hair length growth but it did affect the thickness of the root, shaft, and tip of the hair, with the best concentration being 75%. The frequency of application did not seem to affect the growth in terms of the length or thickness of the root, shaft, and tip of the hair; however, the application of CSO with 75% concentration and an application frequency of once a day produced the best amount of follicle regeneration.
Mound group “II” near Askania-Nova
Authors:   the Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Danylko N. M. , Pustovalov S. Zh. ,   the Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the publication of the excavation results of the Krasnoznamianka expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in 1989 near the urban type settlement Askania-Nova in Kherson Oblast. Data are provided for 24 burials, almost entirely related to the Bronze Age: six Yamna culture burials, 13 Inhul culture burials, three Zrubna culture burials, one Sarmatian burial, and one indeterminate burial. Yamna culture burials belonged to ordinary representatives of this culture. All of them were found in the burial mound no. 7. Burial structures are pits with ledges. Noteworthy is a small flat-bottomed amphora from the grave no. 13. This type of ware is rather rare. A small number of Yamna culture burials does not allow drawing broad conclusions. However, it can be noted a rather rare orientation of some burials in the south-north direction. Catacomb burials belong to the Inhul culture. All of them have rounded entrance pits, short dromos, oval or semi-oval small chambers. In only one case, the deceased lies on his back with his legs bent at the knees. They are also represented by ordinary burials. Only the grave no. 12 from mound no. 7 can be considered an exception. The stone axe belonged to a warrior. Although in all other respects this is an ordinary burial. Attention is drawn to the burial no. 5 from mound no. 7. Three people are buried in this catacomb. Two adults and a teenager. Two adults are buried on top of each other on earthen bedding. The third — a teenager — lies at the feet of the first two. Perhaps this is an accompanying burial. The relatively large number of children’s burials is striking. The burial no. 8 from mound no. 7 testifies to the long coexistence of the Yamna and Inhul cultures. The legs of the deceased, raised at the knees, fall to the left. There are a lot of such burials in the steppe.
Among several Zrubna culture burials, the burial from the mound no. 6 attracts attention. There was a pit with ledges, in which the skeleton of a calf lay. This is a socially significant burial. In general, the burials described above supplement our knowledge of the Syvash sites of the Bronze Age.
Recent Archaic Period Decorated Architectural Terracotta Finds from Akalan Citadel (Discovered during the 2022–2023 Research Campaigns)
Authors:   the Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Archaeology, Yilmaz M. D.
Published: January 2025

Akalan Citadel (Samsun/Turkey) having its earliest traces of habitation dating to the Early Bronze Age, seems to have been an important settlement during the Orientalising period. This is understood from the South Ionian Wild Goat style pottery finds as well as roof tiles and decorated architectural terracottas from this period.
This work aims to introduce the recent decorated architectural terracottas dated to the Orientalising period as well as to construct on the east-west interaction within this period.
Hyperkalemia During Diabetic Ketoacidosis and the Association With Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Clark Devin , Mattice Taylor , Jennifer Abuzzahab M. , Bjornstad Petter , Nickel Amanda , Lammers Shea , Kharbanda Anupam , Bergmann Kelly R.
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES

To determine the association between hyperkalemia and acute kidney injury (AKI) during diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and to identify factors associated with hyperkalemia during DKA.

METHODS

We conducted an observational retrospective cohort study among patients presenting to a pediatric emergency department with a diagnosis of DKA between January 1, 2012, and September 30, 2023. Hyperkalemia was defined as the first nonhemolyzed serum potassium of at least 5.5 mEq/L. AKI was defined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes creatinine criteria. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to compare outcomes. Multivariate linear regression was used to estimate the association between resolution of hyperkalemia and AKI status.

RESULTS

We identified 1359 encounters, of which 115 (8.5%) had hyperkalemia and 252 (18.5%) had AKI. The proportion of encounters with AKI was significantly higher among those with hyperkalemia (n = 55; 47.8%) compared with those without (n =  197; 15.8%) (P < .001). AKI was associated with hyperkalemia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.79; 95% CI, 1.07–3.10). Moderate (aOR, 4.26; 95% CI, 2.32–7.82) and severe (aOR, 4.46; 95% CI, 2.37–8.42) compared with mild acidosis was associated with greater odds of hyperkalemia. The presence of AKI was not associated with time to first normal potassium (standardized β coefficient, −0.01; 95% CI, −77.48 to 68.12; P value = .899).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated associations between DKA-related AKI, acidosis severity, and hyperkalemia. Resolution of hyperkalemia occurred at a similar rate regardless of AKI status. Our findings may have implications for acute diabetes care.
CLUSTERING LQ45 INDEXED COMPANIES BASED ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS USING THE TWO-STEP CLUSTER METHOD
Authors: Putri Nurweni , Wulandari Wahyuni
Published: January 2025

The company's financial performance is one of the bases for assessing the company's financial condition which is carried out based on analysis of the company's financial ratios. Financial performance has an influence on the number of investors in a company. Indicators for measuring the company's financial performance include return on assets, return on equity, net profit margin, gross profit margin, operating profit margin, yield, payout, asset growth and company stability. Based on the company's financial performance indicators, company clustering will be carried out. One of the mathematical analysis approaches used to cluster companies based on financial performance indexed by LQ45 is to use the two-step cluster method. This method is the method used because the data variables to be processed are numerical data variables and categorical variables. The company's optimal cluster solution obtained is in the form of 3 optimal clusters. In cluster 1 a cluster of companies was formed which had the largest payout and yield values, in cluster 2 a cluster of companies was formed which had the largest net profit margin, gross profit margin, operating profit margin and cluster 3 was formed a cluster which had return on assets values, largest return on equity. Thus, it can be seen that each cluster has different characteristics.
Immune response against gastrointestinal nematodes and the potential application of immortalized cell lines in the sheep industry
Authors: Vu Van Sang , Niciura Simone Cristina Meo , Gondro Cedric
Published: January 2025

The world's sheep industry faces significant health challenges due to endoparasite infections. One effective management approach to control these parasites is through the activation of the host's immune system. Vaccination emerges as a potential method to control gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasites while addressing the need for animal food products devoid of harmful chemicals. However, the development of an efficient anti-parasite vaccine requires a comprehensive understanding of the immune responses elicited by the sheep to control GIN infection. Mast cells, recognized as tissue-resident immune cells primarily involved in IgE-mediated immune responses, play a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immunity. Based on their location and function, mast cells are classified into tissue and mucosal mast cells and play an important role in defending the host against specific pathogens. Mucosal mast cells, located in the body's mucosal surfaces, are capable of initiating early immune responses against bacterial and viral infection, thereby contributing to effective immunity in animals. Advancing our knowledge about mast cell biology through the successful culturing of mast cell lines holds great promise for the sheep industry. It may lead to the development of targeted vaccines that can further improve the productivity, welfare, and economic sustainability of the sheep industry. In this paper, we review the effective immune responses employed by sheep to combat GIN infections and highlight the crucial roles of mast cells in establishing host immune responses to eliminate GIN.
Var Gene Encoding Duffy-Binding Like (DBL) 1α- Plasmodium Falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) as Diagnostic Marker and Clinical Predictor Candidates for Falciparum Malaria
Authors: Dewi Rosita , Sulistyaningsih Erma , Aprilia Annisa Nadya , Kusuma Irawan Fajar , Sillehu Sahrir
Published: January 2025

Background: The pathogenesis of severe malaria involves the antigenic protein Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP1), encoded by the var gene. One of the important domains in PfEMP1 is Duffy Binding Like 1α (DBL1α). To diagnose malaria, microscopic examination has low sensitivity and specificity, therefore, the development of molecular-based methods is needed. This study aimed to determine the potential of DBL1α-PfEMP1 as a diagnostic marker and clinical predictor for falciparum malaria.Methods: An exploratory descriptive study was conducted in 2019 on malaria patients at the Tiakur public health center, Southwest Maluku, Indonesia. Blood samples of patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum malaria were collected on filter paper for DNA isolation. Amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method used primers αAF [5'-GCA CG(A/C) AGT TTT GC-3'] and αBR [5'-GCC CAT TC(G/C) TCG AAC CA-3'] with cycles of denaturation 95oC 1-minute, annealing 42oC 1-minute, elongation 60oC 1-minute. PCR products were electrophoresed using 1% agarose gel. Amplicons were sequenced directly and analyzed using nucleotide BLAST-NCBI. Results: All patients showed mild malaria symptoms. PCR amplification yielded bands of 370 bp in all samples and 600 bp in 8 out of 10 samples, and 1 sample had a different pattern. Sequencing results confirmed that the amplicon was DBL1α, a var gene that had similarities to sequences from other regions.Conclusion: Positive amplification and sequencing results confirm the sensitivity of DBL1α-PfEMP1 as a diagnostic marker. The sequence variability of PCR product implies the presence of DBL1α variations, indicating a correlation with clinical outcomes and making it a clinical predictor.
Post-liquefaction volumetric compression of sand: mechanism and constitutive model considering the semifluidised state
Authors: Yang S. , Huang D. , Wang G. , Jin F.
Published: January 2025

The recent 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes have highlighted that liquefaction-induced settlements can lead to significant damage to overlying infrastructure. During the post-shaking stages, the excess pore water pressures dissipated at the end of the earthquake, resulting in volumetric compression of the soils and ground surface settlement. Laboratory element tests and discrete-element method observations have revealed that the total post-liquefaction volumetric strain of soils primarily consists of resedimentation (under almost zero mean effective stress) and subsequent reconsolidation processes. The resedimentation process contributes significantly to the total volumetric strain. However, existing constitutive models for soil liquefaction underestimate the total post-liquefaction volumetric strain as the resedimentation process is not explicitly modelled. In this study, we utilise the semifluidised state and strain liquefaction factor (SLF) in the SANISAND-Sf model. During post-liquefaction drainage tests, a phenomenological modification is achieved by employing SLF to decrease the elastic modulus in the semifluidised state for achieving a large volumetric strain as the mean effective stress approaches zero. The performance of the modified model is demonstrated by simulating the post-liquefaction volumetric strain of sand and comparing the results with experimental data at an element scale.
Modified red clay with calcium carbonate: experimental testing and mechanical characterisation
Authors: Chen Lijie , Wang Xiao , Deng Qingyang , Wang He , Luo Baoyou , Tang Ting
Published: January 2025

Red clay is characterised as a suboptimal foundation soil due to its high natural moisture content, elevated liquid limit, and significant plasticity. This study investigates the modification of red clay using calcium carbonate. The effects of different types and contents of calcium carbonate were analysed through unconfined compressive strength (UCS) testing, scanning electron microscope (SEM), low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and bulk density measurements. The results show that the incorporation of 5% heavy-calcium carbonate (HCC) enhances the UCS and alters the failure mode of the soil. Both HCC and light-calcium carbonate (LCC) affect the boundary moisture content. Furthermore, the bulk density and compaction results demonstrate that the addition of 5% calcium carbonate increases the maximum dry density. The introduction of calcium carbonate also leads to an increase in micropores, which disrupts the original soil structure. Considering the overall improvement effects, a 5% concentration of HCC is determined to be optimal.
New tools to monitor inflation in real time
Authors: Smith Simon C. , Wolman Alexander L.
Published: January 2025

From 1995 through February 2020 – a period when inflation was relatively low and stable – the rate of monthly total Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) inflation was tightly related to a measure of asymmetry in the distribution of price changes of its subcomponents. We document that relationship and use it to construct an "inflation Filter" to distinguish inflation that is broad-based from that which is idiosyncratic (explained by price changes in a small share of subcomponents). Our "Inflation Filter" can be viewed as a standard diffusion index in which the threshold each month is set equal to that month's inflation rate, allowing it to vary through time. In contrast to standard diffusion indexes that use an ad hoc time-invariant threshold, our approach generates considerable explanatory power for the rate of inflation in the pre-COVID period. This makes it useful for evaluating in real time whether inflation is returning to pre-pandemic norms.
Life-Cycle Portfolio Choices and Heterogeneous Stock Market Expectations
Authors: Velásquez-Giraldo Mateo
Published: January 2025

Survey measurements of households’ expectations about U.S. equity returns show substantial heterogeneity and large departures from the historical distribution of actual returns. The average household perceives a lower probability of positive returns and a greater probability of extreme returns than history has exhibited. I build a life-cycle model of saving and portfolio choices that incorporates beliefs estimated to match these survey measurements of expectations. This modification enables the model to greatly reduce a tension in the literature in which models that have aimed to match risky portfolio investment choices by age have required much higher estimates of the coefficient of relative risk aversion than models that have aimed to match age profiles of wealth. The tension is reduced because beliefs that are more pessimistic than the historical experience reduce people’s willingness to invest in stocks.
Análise dos impactos da subsidência urbana
Authors: Antunes Verônica Nascimento Brito , Silva Isabele Tenório Santos da , Levino Natallya de Almeida , Conceição Lidiane Maria da , Silva Michêlda Santana da
Published: January 2025

Este artículo examina los aspectos teóricos y normativos relacionados con la subsidencia causada por la explotación de sal en Maceió, AL, Brasil, destacando la responsabilidad ambiental y los principios aplicables a la reparación de los daños. El objetivo es analizar los impactos ambientales y socioeconómicos de la subsidencia y proponer estrategias de recuperación. La metodología incluye el análisis del uso y ocupación del suelo a través de imágenes satelitales y herramientas SIG, complementado con datos secundarios de informes técnicos y peritajes. La originalidad del estudio radica en la integración de enfoques geoespaciales con análisis normativos para abordar un problema complejo de sostenibilidad urbana. Los principales resultados revelan una significativa pérdida de áreas urbanizadas, zonas de manglares y de vegetación natural, especialmente en las áreas directamente afectadas (ADA) y de influencia directa (AID). Además, el estudio cuantifica las pérdidas en áreas de manglar, caña, mosaico de usos y restinga arbórea, y evalúa las consecuencias socioambientales resultantes, contribuyendo a la literatura al destacar la importancia de enfoques integrados para resolver problemas complejos de sostenibilidad urbana.
Expansão imobiliária dos condomínios residenciais em Paulista (PE)
Authors: Santos Júlia Oliveira dos , Rocha Eudes de Arimatéa , Monteiro Eliana Cristina Barreto , Rabbani Emilia Rahnemay Kohlman
Published: January 2025

El estudio investiga los impactos sociales, ambientales y urbanos resultantes de la expansión de condominios verticales en Paulista, ciudad dormitorio en la Región Metropolitana de Recife. A través de entrevistas con residentes de la antigua aldea de trabajadores cercana y nuevos residentes de los condominios, se consideraron percepciones y valoraciones de satisfacción respecto a temas de infraestructura urbana e inclusión social. A partir de una revisión bibliográfica y de la historia y caracterización del estudio de caso, se construye un abordaje cuali-cuantitativo para comprender cómo el programa Nova Paulista impactó la experiencia de ciudad y la calidad de vida de los usuarios. La investigación reveló que si bien las transformaciones han mejorado algunos aspectos de la infraestructura, existe un creciente descontento entre los vecinos por los problemas de movilidad urbana, las fluctuaciones en la red eléctrica y la falta de espacios públicos para la convivencia. También se identificó que no se consideraron todas las partes afectadas por el Programa, destacando la necesidad de políticas de recalificación urbana que promuevan la sostenibilidad social y la responsabilidad empresarial.
LaroTuro (Teaching Game Approach): Its Effectiveness on Test Performance in Araling Panlipunan (Social Studies) of Grade III Learners in Dadiangas West Central Elementary School
Authors: Sardido Mary Jane , Alegre Cirilo , Guaybar Ivycris , Pantao Jovar
Published: January 2025

Background. Araling Panlipunan (term for Social Studies in the Philippines) is one of the subjects included in the K-12 curriculum that learners tend to find uninteresting. It is often ignored and considered as a minor subject.  
Objectives. To gain insight into the problem and contribute to addressing it, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of LaroTuro (Teaching Game Approach in the Philippines) as an intervention in improving test performance in the Araling Panlipunan.
Materials and methods. Using an embedded experimental mixed-method design, twenty-eight (28) selected Grade III learners from Dadiangas West Central Elementary School participated in the study during the 2023-2024 academic year. Pre-test and post-test assessments, along with interviews, were conducted. A statistical analysis involved in carrying out the study comprised t-tests, descriptive statistics, and thematic analysis to measure the effect of the intervention.
Results. The findings revealed that before implementing the method of LaroTuro as an intervention, learners had a very low level of test performance in the Araling Panlipunan due to factors like information overload, teacher-centered instruction, and limited engagement. However, after the intervention, they achieved a high level and significant enhancement in test performance, attributing to the features of the intervention such as comprehensible scope and sequence of topics, participatory game-based learning, and questioning techniques.
Conclusion. LaroTuro effectively improves the learners’ test performance in Araling Panlipunan, elaborated by relationship patterns between factors and features. This research recommended conducting further studies incorporating other local games to optimize the effectiveness and practicability of LaroTuro.
Determining the Validity and Reliability of ArtSci-S.P.D. Module On Year 5 Human Circulatory System
Authors: Ng Kai Ling , Samsudin Syakirah
Published: January 2025

Objectives. The study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the developed art-integration in science learning module, named ArtSci-S.P.D. Implementing the module has been carried out in order to ensure its suitability for using in further research. 
Materials and methods. The analysis approach for face validity was Fleiss’ kappa, while the content validity index (CVI) was employed to assess content validity, and the test-retest reliability method was used for measuring reliability. The calculation of test-retest reliability was performed by using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. 
Results. The findings show a positive tendency for evaluating the face and content validity (Fleiss’ kappa, k = 0.66; CVI > 0.78). Additionally, the module exhibits a high coefficient of reliability (r = 0.87). 
Conclusions. Thus, the module has been considered to be a valid and reliable tool for using in the actual study, thereby underscoring its efficacy.
Epidemiologia i factors de risc de l'hemorrÃ gia intracerebral en pacients amb malalties d'evoluciÃ³ crÃ²nica i maneig complex
Authors: Lorman i CarbÃ³ Blanca
Published: January 2025

Les malalties cerebrovasculars s'han convertit en un problema sanitari a escala mundial. D'entre totes, lâhemorrÃ gia intracerebral Ã©s el subtipus menys prevalent perÃ² el mÃ©s letal i l'Ãºnic ictus sense terÃ pia especÃ­fica. A la majoria de supervivents els queda una discapacitat greu desprÃ©s de l'incident. Els resultats publicats sobre la incidÃ¨ncia de l'hemorrÃ gia intracerebral sÃ³n contradictoris, perÃ² els estudis mÃ©s recents insinuen un increment de la incidÃ¨ncia entre els pacients de mÃ©s edat i suggereixen que la incidÃ¨ncia acumulada i la prevalenÃ§a seguiran augmentant com a conseqÃ¼Ã¨ncia de l'envelliment progressiu de la poblaciÃ³. Vivim en un moment de canvis demogrÃ fics: hi ha una poblaciÃ³ cada vegada mÃ©s envellida amb diverses patologies crÃ²niques que sovint sÃ³n difÃ­cils de gestionar. Com a metgessa de famÃ­lia, investigo sobre incerteses del coneixement cientÃ­fic, en aquest cas relacionades amb l'hemorrÃ gia intracerebral en la poblaciÃ³ amb malalties d'evoluciÃ³ crÃ²nica i maneig complex. En aquesta tesi doctoral n'he estudiat l'epidemiologia i els factors de risc amb l'objectiu dâidentificar millor els pacients amb mÃ©s risc i oferir-los la millor atenciÃ³ i qualitat en un context de cronicitat i complexitat com l'actual.
Análisis de la competencia didáctico-digital en formadores de futuros docentes: prácticas y percepciones
Authors: Berríos-Barra Lorena , Calderón-López Margarita
Published: January 2025

The digital competence of future teachers has been a concern of public policy in Chile, reflected in the development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) standards that emphasize the importance of incorporating digital technologies pedagogically in initial teacher education (ITE). A lack of digital pedagogical skills has been reported among teachers in training (Silva et al., 2019). The development of digital teaching competence (DTC) also involves those who train teachers. This study focuses on exploring the beliefs of university professors to analyze their impact on the use of technologies in ITE. A Sequential Exploratory Design (DEXPLOS), combining qualitative and quantitative methods, was conducted with teacher trainers. Content analysis was performed in the qualitative phase (n=13), and factorial analysis in the quantitative phase (n=67) using a questionnaire. The results reveal advances in the ethical and digital citizenship aspects of the DTC of the participating teacher trainers but do not suggest a reflective approach during practice, which affects the development of agency among future teachers. In summary, the didactic integration of digital technologies is not evident. The guidelines for didactic-digital competence highlight the importance of promoting and integrating these skills into teaching practices as an essential requirement to improve the conditions of children and adolescents facing the uncertainty of the 21st century.
Analysis of the Impact of Using a Gamified App for Spanish Spelling Practice in Primary Education
Authors: Vázquez-Cano Esteban , Fombona Javier , Morales-Cevallos María Belén , López-Meneses Eloy
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the impact of GAUBI, a gamified app designed for Spanish spelling practice in primary education, using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with 114 fourth-grade students. Participants were divided into three groups: traditional methods (control group), app use in classrooms (experimental group 1), and app use at home (experimental group 2). The app featured levels of arcade, research, and interactive fiction gameplay, scaling cognitive challenges to enhance learning. The intervention spanned three weeks, with participants engaging in structured app-based or traditional spelling exercises. Results showed that the group using the app at home achieved significantly higher spelling accuracy than those using traditional methods or app-only classroom approaches. Statistical analyses confirmed the superior effectiveness of home-based app use. The Binomial Effect Size Display highlighted notable improvements in specific spelling categories, such as complex letter combinations and accent rules. Discussion centered on the benefits of integrating gamification and ubiquitous learning tools in education, emphasizing the app’s adaptability and immediate feedback, which encouraged independent learning and sustained motivation. The study advocates for blending traditional and gamified approaches to foster comprehensive spelling competence, supporting educators with analytics-driven insights. The research underscores the app's potential to address broader curricular goals, including sustainable development objectives.
Measuring evoked responses in forearm muscles using high density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) v1
Authors: Weber Douglas , Bedoy Ernesto , dalrymple ashley
Published: January 2025

Surface electromyography (sEMG) is useful for studying muscle function and controlling prosthetics, but crosstalk from nearby muscles often limits its effectiveness. High-density sEMG (HD-sEMG) improves spatial resolution, allowing for the isolation of compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs), including M-waves, in the densely packed forearm muscles. This study assessed HD-sEMG for localizing M-waves and evaluated the impact of spatial filters on crosstalk reduction. We administered peripheral nerve stimulation to activate forearm muscles in five participants. We analyzed crosstalk by correlating the shape of M-waves between electrodes and used ultrasound to confirm muscle identity and location. At low stimulation intensities, we successfully isolated M-waves with minimal crosstalk and without spatial filtering. Higher recruitment levels produced significant crosstalk, which was reduced by applying bipolar or tripolar spatial filters. M-waves from a monopolar HD-sEMG montage showed high correlations between electrodes (r = 0.97 transversely; r = 0.95longitudinally), while bipolar and tripolar montages showed lower correlations (bipolar: r = 0.41 transversely; r = 0.19 longitudinally; tripolar: r = 0.17 transversely; r = 0.01 longitudinally). The tripolar filter significantlyreduced crosstalk (51.10% amplitude decay one electrode away) compared to no filter (10.32% amplitude decay one electrode away), effectively reducing crosstalk to negligible levels at distances ≥ 2.55 cm. Ultrasound was crucial for distinguishing true activation from artifacts caused by signals converging along muscle boundaries. Spatially-filtered HD-sEMG accurately detects and isolates M-waves in the forearm, and ultrasound imaging is useful for verifying the location and identity of the muscles underlying the HD-sEMG grids.
C. elegans maintenance, synchronization, and preparation for high-content imaging v1
Authors: Donnelly Justin
Published: January 2025

A collection detailing procedures for culturing, preparing, and imaging C. elegans strains to determine their motility phenotypes.
Badania polskich i czeskich wulgaryzmów – stan obecny i perspektywy
Authors: Fałowski Przemysław
Published: January 2025

Artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie badań nad polskimi i czeskimi wulgaryzmami prowadzonych na początku XXI wieku, a także stanowi próbę nakreślenia ich dalszych perspektyw. Chodzi przede wszystkim o możliwość analizy porównawczej słownictwa wulgarnego obu języków, która nie została dotychczas przeprowadzona w szerszym zakresie. Istniejące polskie i czeskie badania jednojęzyczne poświęcone wulgaryzmom różnią się, jeśli chodzi o metodologię oraz przedmiot analizy, ponadto prowadzone były w Polsce na większą skalę niż w Czechach. W obecnej sytuacji najistotniejsze wydają się badania komparatystyczne dotyczące m.in. frekwencji, funkcji, kontekstów użyć i sposobów tworzenia wulgaryzmów w obu językach. Jednym z narzędzi do realizacji tych celów – obok metody ankietowej – może być czeski korpus porównawczy InterCorp, choć jak na razie, co wykazała zaprezentowana w niniejszym artykule krótka analiza trzech wulgaryzmów, ma on zbyt małą objętość do realizacji miarodajnych badań. Konieczne wydaje się więc sięgnięcie po inne źródła, przede wszystkim korpusowe.
From complementizer to realis marker: The problem of że-support in the Polish past tense
Authors: Holvoet Alex
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the grammatical status of the ‘support particle’ że prefixed in colloquial Polish to the enclitic person markers of the past tense. It is argued that the use of this particle, identical with the complementizer że ‘that’, is not only phonologically but also grammatically motivated, even though it is true that attachment of bare person markers to certain hosts is blocked for phonological reasons. A crucial role in the process of its rise may have been played by the identification of person markers across moods, the enclitic person markers of the past tense being identified with the affixal person markers of the irrealis, which occurred only in conjunction with the irrealis marker and could only be moved together with it. It is hypothesized that this induced the rise of an enclitic conjoint realis plus person marker as a pendant to the conjoint irrealis plus person marker. Clausal complementation provided the source context for the introduction of że as a realis marker in addition to its original function as a complementizer.
Fabrication of Two Micro Flow Injection Cells and Investigation of the Effect of Flow Cell Volume on Dispersion and Repeatability: A Novel Study
Authors:   Sub-Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Nursing, University of Kufa, Najaf-54003, Iraq, Majeed Amal Saadoon , Farhood Ahmed Saleh ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hilla-51002, Iraq, Abdullah Rahmah Hashim ,   Department of Soil and Water, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon-51002, Iraq, TahaII Dakhil Nassir ,   Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla- 51002, Iraq, Saddam Nahlah Salman ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hilla-51002, Iraq
Published: January 2025

A new study of the effect of a previously unstudied factor on dispersion, and repeatability of the injected sample. The design idea is based on manufacturing two new microcells with different volumes used in flow injection (FI) analysis systems and determining the measurements of the external structure, internal paths, and the measuring chamber with high accuracy. The efficiency of the FI system was tested by measuring the dead volume, and it was found to be zero. All measurements (n=5) were implemented by using the concentration 10.00 mg/L of Toluidine Blue dye solution at the wavelength 625.0 nm, flow cells with the volumes (35.0, 80.0, and 450.0) μL, sample volumes (39.25 and 78.50) μL, and flow rates (2.6, 4.5, and 6.6) mL/min. The results of the study indicate a relationship between flow cell volume and dispersion values. This relationship becomes apparent when other factors, such as sample volume and flow rate, are changed.
Archival Authority Records and the Potential of Human-centered Archival Description
Authors: Feustle Maristella
Published: January 2025

This article offers a case study in using archival authority records in Social Networks and Archival Context (SNAC) to gain new and useful insights into the unique characteristics of a collection, particularly as collections offer tangible evidence of the social networks of their creators. The ways in which the social networks of different corporate bodies, persons, and families differ when systematically expressed may be generalized to some extent based on profession or field. The networks themselves situate a collection's subjects in the context of a wider community, opening avenues for further inquiry. Insights from these networks have implications for reconsidering historical narratives in art and music and for interrogating the status quo regarding commonly accepted canons of works and creators in light of new contextual information.

In this study, the collection of Berthe and Adolfo Odnoposoff, together with their authority records and those of three relatives in SNAC, sheds light on the dynamics of a community of highly skilled musicians brought together by successive waves of geopolitical upheaval. Musical works arising from that community, particularly those written for the Odnoposoffs, show potential as a counterbalance to well-worn canons of commonly performed pieces, providing opportunities for performance as well as analysis and original research. Having demonstrated their benefits, the article concludes with recommendations for encouraging the wider use of archival authority records, including those prescribed by Part II of Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS).
“I can't work part-time for the rest of my life”: Students, Early Career Professionals, and the Uncertain Prospects of an Archival Career
Authors: Todd-Diaz Ashley , Poole Alex H.
Published: January 2025

In 2004, the A*CENSUS survey identified several challenges related to the future of the archival field, including enhancing the recruitment, training, and retention of archivists. The A*CENSUS II survey conducted in 2021 shows that the archival field has grown and grown younger in the intervening period, but recruitment constitutes only one part of a robust archival enterprise; retention depends upon ensuring rewarding career experiences. This exploratory research examines archival students’ and early career professionals’ perceptions of the prospects of developing an archival career. Drawing on a survey of 406 students and early career professionals (five or fewer years in the field), the authors examine topics of credentials, career paths, professional development plans, and attrition. Findings indicate overall satisfaction with their experiences, though concerns were raised regarding preparation for entering the field; employers’ reception of transferable skills; the ability to secure full-time, well-compensated positions; and the perception that success requires multiple degrees and credentials. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for practice and provide directions for further research.
The Energy Space Density (ESD) Distribution: A New Approach to Reveal the Degree of Fracturing of the Crust in the Etna Region (Italy)
Authors: Giampiccolo Elisabetta , Tuvè Tiziana , Bianco Francesca , Del Pezzo Edoardo
Published: January 2025

The traditional method of representing the seismicity in a region involves plotting earthquakes of various magnitudes on a map. Energy release, however, offers a different perspective for understanding seismicity, especially in volcanic areas where earthquakes are abundant and occur in the form of swarms. In this study, we analyzed earthquakes with a moment magnitude (Mw) greater than 1.5 that occurred between 2006 and 2023, which were relocated using a 3D velocity model, to examine the distribution of energy space density (ESD) in the Etna region. The ESD maps reveal the fundamental patterns of seismicity, which generally align with the local structural features. The shallow crust above 10 km plays a crucial role in energy distribution, with the highest values found in the eastern and southwestern sectors, along well-known structures bordering the unstable sector of the volcano. At deeper levels (down to 20 km), high ESD values are observed in the western sector and are related to the dynamics of magma movement at these depths. The ESD pattern improves the clarity of rock fracture density visualization, offering a more detailed view of the areas with the highest fracture density. These regions may indicate where fluid is stored beneath the volcano.
Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de Chikungunya en docentes de educación superior. San Lorenzo-Paraguay. 2023
Authors: Sparling-Pereira Fátima Beatriz , Denis-González Ana Rafaela , Paniagua Esperanza , Maidana-de Zarza Aida Lucia , Peña Diana , Lucas Ingrid
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de investigación fue identificar características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los casos de chikungunya en docentes de educación superior. San Lorenzo-Paraguay. 2023. Diseño de estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo de corte transversal, enfoque cuantitativo. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por docentes que adquirieron y/o presentaron síntomas de la fiebre de chikungunya. El muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia. Como instrumento de investigación se utilizó un cuestionario. La descripción de las variables cualitativas se realizó por medio de tablas de frecuencia y porcentaje. Para la exploración y análisis de posibles asociaciones, se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrado, prueba exacta de Fisher o Yates según corresponda, el nivel de significancia fue de 0,01. Resultados: características clínicas y epidemiológicas: 38% se hospitalizaron; zona de infección fue el lugar de trabajo; formas clínicas fue 50% leve. Los síntomas más frecuentes: cefalea, artralgias, mialgias, poliartritis, dolor ocular o retroocular, escalofríos; los signos fueron: astenia, dificultad de agarre, edema, prurito; las manifestaciones dermatológicas presentadas fueron: Rash cutáneo generalizado, edema en tobillo; manifestaciones reumatológicas: artralgia y deformidades en pie y manos; 84% poliartralgias; 3 a 4 días de fiebre; días: 4-8 días de evolución en algunos más de 15 días; 4-8 días de incapacidad; 11 a 15 días del dolor. Sitio de inicio y lugar de dispersión: dedos de las manos a toda la mano, seguidamente rodilla al tobillo, prevaleciendo como sitio de inicio rodilla. El tratamiento más indicado para la enfermedad fue: paracetamol 1 gr c/8h seguido de dipirona. No se encontró asociación significativa entre sexo: con fiebre (p=0,1587), zona de infección (p=0,897), días de evolución de la enfermedad (p=0,151), edema (p=0,101); sin embargo, se encontró asociación significativa entre días de evolución de la enfermedad y tratamiento para FCHIK (p<0,0001); como así también entre edad y sexo (p<0,013); duración del dolor y sexo ((p<0,001). Se concluye que las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los casos de chikungunya en docentes de educación superior fueron identificados como dolorosa, invalidante.
Prevalencia de pacientes portadores de infección por VIH que debutan con enfermedades marcadoras de SIDA en el Hospital de Clínicas
Authors: Vallejos-Zarza Maisa Sofía , Mercado-Ortiz Pedro Arnaldo
Published: January 2025

El virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) es el causante del síndrome de inmunodeficiencia humana (SIDA), es un virus que se puede transmitir a través de sangre o semen desde una persona infectada a otra no infectada o de una madre a un hijo en el embarazo, parto o lactancia. La infección por VIH progresa de manera silenciosa por diversas fases: fase 1 (aguda), fase 2 (crónica o asintomática), fase 3 (SIDA). Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de pacientes portadores de infección por VIH que debutan con enfermedades marcadoras de SIDA en el Hospital de Clínicas en el periodo comprendido entre enero 2021 a junio del 2023. Metodología: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte trasversal, retrospectivo, con muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia, en el cual se revisaron fichas clínicas de pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de VIH internados en sala de clínica médica entre enero 2021 a junio del 2023. Resultados: Fueron incluidos un total de 35 pacientes, todos con diagnóstico reciente de infección por VIH, los cuales presentaron una media de edad de 44,8±11,09 años y 21 (60%) eran de sexo masculino. En 26 (74,29%) pacientes se constató una enfermedad marcadora al momento del diagnóstico, que en 6 (17,14%) de los casos fue múltiple. Discusión: La prevalencia del debut de infección por VIH con enfermedades marcadoras de SIDA encontrada es mayor a la observada en otros estudios. Esto puede deberse a múltiples factores que influyen en el diagnóstico tardío de la enfermedad.