bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalencia de lesión escamosa intraepitelial de cérvix en pacientes con diagnóstico citológico de atipia escamosa de significado indeterminado (ASCUS), en una institución de complejidad media en Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: García-Perlaza Carlos , Amaya-Guío Jairo , Naranjo Eduardo , Ambrosi Nicola
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: describir los hallazgos colposcópicos e histopatológicos de pacientes con diagnóstico citológico de atipias de células escamosas de significado indeterminado (ASCUS).Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal entre febrero del 2003 y abril del 2005, en mujeres con diagnóstico citológico de ASCUS, en el Hospital Universitario de la Samaritana. Se evaluaron antecedentes ginecobstétricos y datos poblacionales de cada paciente con el programa estadístico SSPS 10.0Resultados: se analizaron 339 mujeres con una edad promedio de 39 años. Por colposcopia se diagnosticó un 37,8% de lesión escamosa intraepitelial de bajo grado (LEI BG) y un 10,9% de lesión escamosa intraepitelial de alto grado (LEI AG). En el diagnóstico por histopatología se detectó infección por virus del papiloma humano (VPH) en el 29,5% de los casos, LEI BG en el 15% y LEI AG en el 10,3%. Se encontró carcinoma (CA) invasivo en el 0,6% de los casos.Conclusión: en pacientes con ASCUS se encuentra una prevalencia importante de lesiones preneoplásicas que ameritan estudio colposcópico para impactar la mortalidad por esta patología.
Contribution of Different Land Evaluation Systems to Assess Land Capability and Suitability of Some Coastal Soils in Egypt.
Authors: Yousif Ibraheem A.H. , Hassanein Sayed A. , Abdel Hady Ali , Abdalsamad A.A. Aldabaa A. , Aldabaa Abdalsamad A.A.
Published: April 2020

The objectives of this study were to assess the land capability using Storie Index and Cervatana model and to assess the land suitability by LUSET and Almagra model for some coastal soils in Egypt. Twenty-seven soil profiles were dug and morphologically described to represent all physiographic units. Landsat image, DEM, geological map, field and laboratory work were used to create physiographic-soil map relationship. Based on the modified Storie Index, soils were classified into four land capability grades (grade 2, 3, 4 and 5). The Cervatana model classified these soils into three capability classes, S2, S3 and N. Almagra model indicated that 4.71 % of the area is highly suitable (S2) for wheat and citrus and 14.82 % of the area is S2 for olives. About 31.78 % of the soils is moderately suitable (S3) for wheat and citrus where-as 52 % are S3 for olives. Based on LUST, about 5.85, 3.73 and 2.11 % of soils are highly suitable (S1) for wheat, cotton and olives respectively. About 31 % of the area is moderately suitable (S2) for citrus and peach where-as 63.86 % is S2 for alfalfa and 85 % of the area is S2 for wheat. Soil salinity, calcium carbonate, drainage and soil texture were the most common limiting factors of the soils. The study revealed that the MicroLEIS application either Cervatana or Almagra is not suited to predict the land suitability and land capability while the LUSET and Modified Storie index is recommended for Egyptian pedoenvironment.
Editorial - Cinema Urbana
Authors: Pescatori Carolina , Sandoval Liz , Migliano Milene , Montoro Tânia
Published: April 2020

Cinema Urbana é um festival temático internacional que oferece um oportuno encontro  entre urbanismo, arquitetura e o cinema, que  promove um diálogo entre os sentidos trazidos pelos filmes e a reflexão acadêmica produzida por palestras, mesas-redondas, apresentação de trabalhos de pesquisadores, estudantes e realizadores do audiovisual e, por outras experiências nas diversas ações propostas - visita sonora, oficina de animação, cinema em drive-in e exibições em espaços urbanos de grande diversidade de usos e trânsitos.
A errância negra em dois filmes de Adirley Queirós
Authors: Magalhães Carlos Henrique , De Lima Julia
Published: April 2020

Este artigo é uma reflexão sobre a presença negra em Brasília a partir de dois filmes do cineasta Adirley Queirós: “A cidade é uma só? (2013) e Branco Sai Preto Fica (2015). Por meio do deslocamento das personagens em cena, tenta-se identificar índices da assimetria e desigualdade que afetam o cotidiano do Distrito Federal, focalizando as contradições que assinalam a experiência da população negra. Do ponto de vista teórico, recorremos ao pensamento de Edouard Glissant sobre a errância negra e os exílios forçados que configuram a forma urbana moderna, incapaz de garantir o usufruto para todos os sujeitos. Com isso, espera-se contribuir para refletir sobre tema muitas vezes abordado sem que se considere as dimensões étnico-raciais.
Alô! Tem alguém aí?
Authors: Aliaga Maribel , Figueiredo Sobral Torres Mariana
Published: April 2020

“Ei! Tem alguém aí?”, do autor norueguês Jostein Gaarder, dá origem a adaptação para um curta-metragem de mesmo nome. Na história, Joaquim é um menino de oito anos que está prestes a ganhar um irmãozinho. Na noite da chegada do bebê, ele fica sozinho em casa e recebe uma visita inesperada do pequeno extraterrestre Mika, que cai dos céus, direto no seu jardim. Aqui, a casa representa em sua composição formal uma expressão desse olhar, e desenvolvê-lo é o ponto chave desse projeto. Para criar a casa do Joaquim, foram necessárias algumas etapas de estudo. Primeiramente uma investigação sobre a relação arquitetura/cinema, com foco no percurso e na relação entre essas duas linguagens artísticas, estudando a montagem de Sergei Eisenstein e a promenade architecturale de Le Corbusier. Casas dentro e fora das telas também serviram de inspiração. E, finalmente, tudo foi alinhavado sob a perspectiva da criança e a relação do desenho bidimensional como uma forma de expressão que muito se relaciona com a do cinema e seu conceito de montagem. O cenário é resultado final do trabalho, e surge a partir do roteiro como programa de necessidades para a ambiência da casa, e da relação de Joaquim com o mundo.
Não Propaganda e espaço urbano
Authors: Barros Marques Elisa Maria , Alves de Freitas Nogueira Emilliano
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho pretende refletir sobre a dinâmica entre publicidade, espaço público e cidadãos, através da intervenção urbana Não Propaganda, realizada pelo coletivo baiano GIA, também observando os processos de mediação da mesma com a produção de um vídeo arte produzido pelo grupo a partir da filmagem da realização da ação na cidade de São Paulo, em 2006. Essa intervenção buscou tratar da comunicação nas cidades por meio de placas, faixas e panfletos amarelos sem conter nenhuma palavra ou desenho, propondo uma reflexão acerca das opressoras estruturas de propaganda e de marketing de produtos que continuamente excedem e deformam os espaços públicos de circulação e as festas populares. Dessa forma, o artigo procurará analisar o impacto dessa intervenção urbana, levando em consideração a resposta do público que a atravessa, como esses corpos a apreendem nos deslocamentos urbanos e de que forma o registro da mesma em vídeo arte contribui na produção de sentido nas cidades.
Urbanismo na administração municipal brasileira: José de Oliveira Reis e a engenharia na construção-institucionalização de um campo profissional
Authors: De Faria Rodrigo
Published: April 2020

Este artigo aborda a construção do campo profissional do urbanismo no Brasil a partir da sua matriz intelectual da engenharia pela análise mais geral da trajetória profissional de José de Oliveira Reis. A análise foi elaborada em três eixos que estão diretamente relacionados com a formação e atuação profissional do engenheiro-urbanista José de Oliveira Reis: a institucionalização do urbanismo nas administrações municipais, particularmente o caso da prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro, que foi o principal lugar de trabalho do engenheiro; o lugar profissional da engenharia na formação-atuação de José de Oliveira Reis; e a construção das suas ideias urbanísticas a partir dos artigos que escreveu durante sua trajetória profissional. A partir desses três eixos, examinar uma parte da atuação desse profissional formado em engenharia e que se dedicou ao urbanismo em diversas frentes de atuação: na administração pública, na atuação em consultorias e no ensino e pesquisa em urbanismo na Faculdade Nacional de Arquitetura
Sudeco e Liquilândia: o planejar uma cidade nova
Authors: Trevisan Ricardo , Marques da Luz Ramos Edna Maria
Published: April 2020

A Superintendência de Desenvolvimento do Centro-Oeste (Sudeco) foi criada em 1967 para prosseguir com os trabalhos de planejamento e ocupação regional iniciados pela Fundação Brasil Central quando da “Marcha para o Oeste” (1938). Durante esse avanço colonizador, a Sudeco foi responsável pelo ordenamento territorial mediante Programas Especiais, como: Polamazônia, Polocentro, Prodepan e Pergeb, que favoreceram a implantação de infraestruturas de apoio (rodovias, pistas de pouso, redes de comunicação, represas), a abertura de novas fronteiras agrícolas, o povoamento direcionado, a criação de polos produtores e consumidores, bem como a urbanização, seja pela capacitação de núcleos urbanos existentes, seja pela condução no surgimento de cidades novas por iniciativa privada, como revela o projeto para Liquilândia (1975), no estado do Mato Grosso. Metodologicamente, o resgate de fontes primárias junto ao acervo da Sudeco, no Arquivo Nacional em Brasília, permitiu a este artigo revelar os processos que motivaram a concepção de uma cidade nova. Ao estudar o universo da Sudeco e o caso particular de Liquilândia, apresenta-se como resultados os desvios e os êxitos relativos ao estágio gestacional de uma cidade intencionada, ampliando o entendimento sobre esse processo e enriquecendo as pesquisas sobre a história recente da cidade e do urbanismo no país.
DEMOKRATISASI RUMAH TANGGA: DARI SUBYEK MENUJU SIFAT KEPEMIMPINAN
Authors: Wardatun Atun , Wahid Abdul
Published: April 2020

Artikel ini bersumber dari penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kronologis dan tematik yaitu melihat perkembangan pemikiran para penafsir klasik dan kontemporer terhadap pemaknaan kata qawwam sebagai pemimpin. Tujuan artikel ini adalah membaca ulang tentang demarkasi publik dan domestik berdasarkan gender. Penulis berargumen bahwa problem pemaknaan kepemimpinan rumah tangga harus bergerak dari  topik “subyek”, di mana selama ini kajian dan diskusi berkutat, menuju “sifat” kepemimpinan. Memperebutkan siapa yang harus menjadi pemimpin keluarga antara suami atau istri sesungguhnya semakin mempertajam demarkasi publik dan domestik. Idealnya, karakteristik kepemimpinan harus menjadi dasar utama sehingga baik laki-laki ataupun perempuan bisa saja memegang posisi itu jika syarat-syarat dan ketentuan terpenuhi oleh masing-masing mereka. Pemimpin keluarga dengan demikian terumuskan atas dasar pertimbangan "apa yang harus dilakukan" bukan "siapa melakukan apa" demi terciptanya apa yang dinamakan dengan demokratisasi keluarga.Kata Kunci: Domestik, Gender, Ibu Rumah Tangga, Kepemimpinan Keluarga, Kesalingan, Public, Sifat Kepemimpinan
The Effect of Client Needs Counseling on the Postpartum Quality of Life of Women
Authors: Esmkhani Mina , Ahmadi Leila , Maleki Azam
Published: April 2020

In a randomized clinical trial study, the effect of client needs counseling on the postpartum quality of life of 84 women were investigated. The data were collected using the Postpartum Quality of Life Questionnaire. The post-test mean total score of quality of life had a statistically significant difference between two groups (p = .001). There were significant differences between two groups in the post-test mean of mother's feelings toward herself, her husband and others, physical changes, satisfaction with birth method, and selection of the next method of birth areas (p < .05). Our findings indicated that providing two additional counseling sessions based on the client's needs can be effective in promoting the quality of life of low-risk women.
In This Issue—Safe and Respectful Maternity Care
Authors: Budin Wendy C.
Published: April 2020

In this column, the editor of The Journal of Perinatal Education discusses the importance of safe and respectful motherbaby-family maternity care. The editor also describes the contents of this issue, which offer a broad range of resources, research, and inspiration for childbirth educators in their efforts to promote, support, and protect natural, safe, and healthy birth.
A participação dos conselhos locais de saúde na contratualização de metas na atenção primária à saúde: a experiência de Curitiba, PR
Authors: Zermiani Thabata Cristy , Freitas Rosane Souza , Pessali Huáscar Fialho , Ditterich Rafael Gomes
Published: April 2020

Objetiva-se analisar a participação dos Conselhos Locais de Saúde na contratualização de metas e no processo do trabalho na Atenção Básica em Curitiba, PR. Este estudo reproduziu a metodologia proposta em 2005 pelo Banco Mundial, sob o enfoque dos bens democráticos de Smith (2009). Constata-se que os Conselhos participam parcialmente na discussão das metas, no conhecimento e acompanhamento, mas não se envolve na negociação. Os Conselhos contribuem para o desenvolvimento do trabalho nas suas Unidades.
Criatividade aberta: proposição teórica de análise a partir dos espaços de coworking
Authors: Muzzio Henrique
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho apresenta uma proposição teórica sobre a criatividade aberta, definida como a capacidade de gerar e aprimorar ideias a partir da colaboração com agentes externos. A criatividade aberta é entendida como um fenômeno independente e antecedente à inovação. Utilizando os ambientes de coworking como lócus de análise, onde se realiza uma intensa troca de ideias e de capital social.
Comercialização por agricultores familiares em feiras municipais: quantificação, participação, e localização no estado de Goiás
Authors: Verano Thiago de Carvalho , Medina Gabriel da Silva
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar a relevância das feiras municipais para a inserção comercial de agricultores familiares. A pesquisa, realizada em 201 municípios goianos, revela que 88% dos municípios estudados possuem feiras regulares. Destas, 67,16% contam com participação efetiva de agricultores familiares. Foram identificados clusters de municípios com maior presença de feiras da agricultura familiar.
Conteúdos Jornalísticos nas Redes Sociais: o cenário das transmissões ao vivo no Facebook em Campo Grande, MS
Authors: Silva Oswaldo Ribeiro da , Cancio Soares Marcelo Vicente
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho analisa o cenário das transmissões ao vivo de conteúdos jornalísticos no Facebook em Campo Grande, MS. Para isso, foram avaliados o CBN Campo Grande, da FM 93,7, e o Jornal da Tarde, da TV O Estado MS-OE10. Como resultados preliminares do processo, ainda recente na imprensa local, o destaque é o uso do potencial de alcance das redes sociais, que esbarra em características do DNA da transmissão ao vivo e não se utiliza de recursos de interatividade na relação com os ouvintes/telespectadores/usuários dos conteúdos.
Desafios dos coordenadores pedagógicos de São Caetano do Sul, ABC Paulista: um estudo baseado na pesquisa-ação colaborativa
Authors: Umemura Vanessa Maria Vicente , Rosa Sanny Silva da
Published: April 2020

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa-ação realizada no município de São Caetano do Sul, com o objetivo de fortalecer a gestão democrática da escola em prol da qualidade social da educação. Discute os desafios do trabalho do coordenador pedagógico no contexto das políticas regulatórias do estado. Conclui que é necessário e possível abrir espaços de diálogo e participação dos docentes na tomada de decisões sobre os rumos da escola.
The impact of brazilian clusters on local development: a propensity score matching approach
Authors: Alderete María Verónica , Bacic Miguel Juan
Published: April 2020

The theme of the article is the impact of Brazilian clusters on local development: a propensity score matching approach. The objective is to determine if there are improvements on the local development of municipalities with clusters compared to those without clusters. At the same time, the objective is to provide the explanatory factors of clustering in a territory. The methodology is Propensity Score Matching technique (ROSEMBAUM; ROBIN, 1983). The object of study are the non-metropolitan municipalities of the São Paulo State, in Brazil. Data is collected from the SEADE Foundation and the United Nations Program for the years 2009 and 2010. The results obtained show statically significant differences in the average local development (measured by well-known indexes) between municipalities with and without clusters. Municipalities with clusters achieve a higher local development than municipalities without clusters. The present paper contributes to the scant quantitative research on the impact of clusters on local development.
P versus NP
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: April 2020

$P$ versus $NP$ is considered as one of the most important open problems in computer science. This consists in knowing the answer of the following question: Is $P$ equal to $NP$? It was essentially mentioned in 1955 from a letter written by John Nash to the United States National Security Agency. However, a precise statement of the $P$ versus $NP$ problem was introduced independently by Stephen Cook and Leonid Levin. Since that date, all efforts to find a proof for this problem have failed. It is one of the seven Millennium Prize Problems selected by the Clay Mathematics Institute to carry a US 1,000,000 prize for the first correct solution. Another major complexity class is $\textit{P-Sel}$. $\textit{P-Sel}$ is the class of decision problems for which there is a polynomial time algorithm (called a selector) with the following property: Whenever it's given two instances, a "yes" and a "no" instance, the algorithm can always decide which is the "yes" instance. It is known that if $NP$ is contained in $\textit{P-Sel}$, then $P = NP$. In this paper we consider the problem of computing the sum of the weighted densities of states of a Boolean formula in $3CNF$. Given a Boolean formula $\phi$, the density of states $n(E)$ counts the number of truth assignments that leave exactly $E$ clauses unsatisfied in $\phi$. The weighted density of states $m(E)$ is equal to $E \times n(E)$. The sum of the weighted densities of states of a Boolean formula in $3CNF$ with $m$ clauses is equal to $\sum_{E = 0}^{m} m(E)$. We prove that we can calculate the sum of the weighted densities of states in polynomial time. The lowest value of $E$ with a non-zero density (i.e. $min_{E}\{E|n(E) > 0\}$) is the solution of the corresponding $\textit{MAX-SAT}$ problem. The minimum lowest value with a non-zero density from the two formulas $\phi_{1}$ and $\phi_{2}$ is equal to the minimum value between $E_{1}$ and $E_{2}$, where $E_{i}$ is the lowest value with a non-zero density of $\phi_{i}$ for $i \in \{1, 2\}$. Given two Boolean formulas $\phi_{1}$ and $\phi_{2}$ in $3CNF$ with $n$ variables and $m$ clauses, the combinatorial optimization problem $\textit{SELECTOR-3SAT}$ consists in selecting the formula which has the minimum lowest value with a non-zero density, where every clause from $\phi_{1}$ and $\phi_{2}$ can be unsatisfied for some truth assignment. We assume that the formula with the minimum lowest value with a non-zero density has the minimum sum of the weighted densities of states. In this way, we solve $\textit{SELECTOR-3SAT}$ with an exact polynomial time algorithm. Finally, we claim that this could be used for a possible selector of $3SAT$ and thus, $P = NP$.
A Deep Transfer Learning Model with Classical Data Augmentation and CGAN to Detect COVID-19 from Chest CT Radiography Digital Images
Authors: Loey Mohamed , Smarandache Florentin , M. Khalifa Nour Eldeen
Published: April 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the fastest transmittable virus caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The detection of COVID-19 using artificial intelligence techniques and especially deep learning will help to detect this virus in early stages which will reflect in increasing the opportunities of fast recovery of patients worldwide. This will lead to release the pressure off the healthcare system around the world. In this research, classical data augmentation techniques along with CGAN based on a deep transfer learning model for COVID-19 detection in chest CT scan images will be presented. The limited benchmark datasets for covid-19 especially in chest CT images is the main motivation of this research. The main idea is to collect all the possible images for covid-19 that exists until the very writing of this research and use the classical data augmentations along with CGAN to generate more images to help in the detection of the COVID-19. In this study, five different deep convolutional neural network-based models (AlexNet, VGGNet16, VGGNet19, GoogleNet, and ResNet50) have been selected for the investigation to detect the coronavirus infected patient using chest CT radiographs digital images. The classical data augmentations along with CGAN improve the performance of classification in all selected deep transfer models. The Outcomes show that ResNet50 is the most appropriate classifier to detect the COVID-19 from chest CT dataset using the classical data augmentation and CGAN with testing accuracy of 82.91%.
Cooperation of Alternative Splicing and microRNA Targeting in the Gene Regulation Network of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Li Yang , Feng Huizhi
Published: April 2020

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a typical class of small RNAs that could modulate gene expression in trans at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs bind to the miRNA binding sites (MBSs) in target mRNAs by sequence complementarity. Alternative splicing (AS) is another commonly occurred process in pre-mRNAs that changes the isoforms of a gene. It is hypothesized that there should be an interaction for gene regulation that involves both AS and miRNA targeting. Studies have verified this hypothesis in the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana. High-throughput sequencing data suggested that in Arabidopsis a considerably large fraction of MBSs are affected by AS events. The overlapping between MBS and AS exceeds the randomly simulated number. Functional experiments have indicated that the AS events are required for the gene expression changes of miRNA targets. Therefore, AS and MBS are mutually favored. The observed expression changes caused by miRNAs could also be contributed by AS events. In the present perspective article, we propose that the AS analysis should be incorporated in the differential-expression analysis of miRNA studies. When defining a differentially-expressed gene, it should be clarified whether the change in gene expression is caused by AS events or solely by miRNA targeting.
Relationship Between Prevalence of Malaria Infection and Significant Spread of Electrolyte Variation in Malaria Patients: Within and Outside Limit Analysis
Authors: Ndako James A. , Okolie Charles E. , Dojumo Victor T. , Fajobi Victor O. , Akinwumi Jeremiah A. , Owolabi Akinyomade O.
Published: April 2020

Background: Malaria is one of the most common diseased conditions across most developing countries caused by one of four species of Plasmodium. P. falciparum and P.vivax are the main agents responsible for malaria in Nigeria. Malarial infection has been shown to be associated with abnormalities in fluids, electrolytes and acid base balances. Electrolyte imbalance and mineral disturbances are majorly identified clinical symptoms in various infectious diseases including malaria. Electrolyte imbalance in malarial infection is capable of enhancing disease severity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of malarial infection on electrolytes parameters. Methods: Finger prick blood samples, Thick and Thin Giemsa-stained blood smears, were collected from 100 malaria-suspected individuals representing all age groups. The Giemsa-stained blood smears were examined microscopically. Demographic information was obtained using structured questionnaires. The electrolytes levels (Na, K, Cl- and HCO3-) in malarial patients were analyzed using standard procedures, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient correlation technique was used to investigate the relationship, and the strength of association between the variables. Results: The mean bound of patients’ sodium level was observed to fall within the specified normal limits of 125mmol/L – 145mmol/L; except for positive malaria patients belonging to the MP-(++) which will fall below the 125mmol/L (i.e. 126.25mmol/L – 1.77mmol/L = 124.48mmol/L). The spread of the sodium data taken from the patients were observed to fall within the normal limits leaving only the boxplot’s lower whisker out, that is, observations falling within the first quartile, except for MP-(++) patients with observations in the first to second quartile spreading outside the normal lower limit, in contrast for the negative tested patients, the box and its whiskers were almost engulfed within the normal limits. Conclusion: In our study we found that Plasmodium falciparum altered more in electrolytes parameters than Plasmodium vivax. The biochemical markers can be used as biomarkers to confirmation of malaria. This study discovered a significant linear relationship based on the Pearson product-moment correlation between creatinine and urea, potassium and chloride, potassium and creatinine, potassium and urea. The mean sodium and chloride level of positive malaria [MP-(++)] patients were observed to fall outside the normal limit.
Coronavirus: Public Arabic Twitter Dataset
Authors: Addawood Aseel
Published: April 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic spread of the coronavirus across the globe has affected our lives on many different levels. The world we knew before the spread of the virus has become another one. Every country has taken preventive measures, including social distancing, travel restrictions, and curfew, to control the spread of the disease. With these measures implemented, people have shifted to social media platforms in the online sphere, such as Twitter, to maintain connections. In this paper, we describe a coronavirus data set of Arabic tweets collected from January 1, 2020, primarily from hashtags populated from Saudi Arabia. This data set is available to the research community to glean a better understanding of the societal, economical, and political effects of the outbreak and to help policy makers make better decisions for fighting this epidemic.
Stability Analysis of Nontrivial Stationary Solution and Constant Equilibrium Point of Reaction-Diffusion Neural Networks With Time Delays
Authors: Rao Ruofeng
Published: April 2020

Firstly, the existence of asymptotically stable nontrivial stationary solution is derived by the comprehensive applications of Lyapunov-Razumikhin technique, design of state-dependent switching laws, a fixed point theorem, variational methods, and construction of compact operators on a convex set. This new theorem shows that the diffusion is a double-edged sword to the stability, refuting the views in previous literature that the greater the diffusion effect, the more stable the system will be. Next, a series of new theorems are presented one by one, which illustrates that the globally asymptotical stability of ordinary differential equations model for delayed neural networks may be locally stable in actual operation due to the inevitable diffusion. Besides, the non-zero constant equilibrium point is pointed out to be not the solution of delayed reaction diffusion system so that the stability of the non-zero constant equilibrium point of reaction diffusion system must lead to a contradiction. That is, non-zero constant equilibrium points are not in the phase plane of dynamic system. In addition, new theorems are further presented to prove that the small diffusion effect will cause the essential change of the phase plane structure of the dynamic behavior of the delayed neural networks, and thereby one equilibrium solution may become several stationary solutions, even infinitely many positive stationary solutions. Finally, a numerical example illustrates the feasibility of the proposed methods.
Understanding the Molecular Mechanism(s) of SARS-CoV2 Infection and Propagation in Human to Discover Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Approach
Authors: Raj Sibi , Chandel Vaishali , Rathi Brijesh , Kumar Dhruv
Published: April 2020

In December 2019, outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and exported across the world leading to thousands of deaths and millions of suspected cases. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection into the host undergoes a huge number of complex replicative machineries which still remains unclear. Understanding the mechanism (s) of replication and mode of infection of SARS-CoV2 to human cells will help us in the development of novel vaccines or drugs for the eradication and prevention of the disease. This review compiles the knowledge of SARS-CoV2 replicative machinery, mode of infection to the human cells and the development of drugs and vaccines which are currently under clinical trials.
Sexual Assault, Alcohol Use, and Gender of Sexual Partners Among Cisgender Women Seeking Care at US College Health Centers, 2015–2018
Authors: McCauley Heather L. , Jones Kelley A. , Rofey Dana L. , Reid Taylor A. , Miller Elizabeth , Coulter Robert W. S.
Published: April 2020

Objectives. To assess differences by gender of sexual partner in the association between sexual assault and alcohol use among women seeking care in college health centers.

Methods. This longitudinal study comprised 1578 women aged 18 to 24 years visiting 28 college health centers in Pennsylvania and West Virginia from 2015 to 2018. We used multilevel logistic regression and negative binomial regression, testing for interactions of gender of sexual partners, sexual assault, and prevalence and frequency of alcohol use and binge drinking.

Results. Sexual assault was reported by 87.3% of women who had sex with women or with women and men (WSWM), 68.2% of women who had sex with men only (WSM), and 47.5% of women with no penetrative sexual partners. The relative associations between sexual assault and alcohol outcomes were smaller for WSWM (prevalence: odds ratios from 0.04 to 0.06; frequency: incidence rate ratios [IRRs] from 0.24 to 0.43) and larger for women who had no penetrative sexual partners (IRRs from 1.55 to 2.63), compared with WSM.

Conclusions. Alcohol use patterns among women who have experienced sexual assault differ by gender of sexual partners.
Cannabis-Infused Edible Products in Colorado: Food Safety and Public Health Implications
Authors: White Alice E. , Van Tubbergen Christine , Raymes Brianna , Contreras Alexandra Elyse , Scallan Walter Elaine J.
Published: April 2020

Cannabis-infused “edibles” are a popular means of cannabis use, and the variety of edible food products available to consumers continues to grow. Although there has been much discussion on dose standardization, childproof packaging, and the prevention of overconsumption, the important topic of food safety has received less attention.

We discuss potential food safety hazards associated with cannabis-infused edible food products, drawing on examples from Colorado, and describe edible-associated foodborne illness outbreaks and other contamination events.

It is important for public health agencies, particularly environmental health and enteric disease programs, to be familiar with the cannabis industry, including regulatory partners, signs and symptoms of cannabis ingestion, the scope of edible products sold and consumed, and the food safety risks unique to cannabis products.
Future Directions for Incorporating Intersectionality Into Quantitative Population Health Research
Authors: Agénor Madina
Published: April 2020

Intersectionality, an analytical approach rooted in Black feminist theory and praxis, has become more widely used in population health research. The majority of quantitative population health studies have used intersectionality as a theoretical framework to investigate how multiple social identities rather than social inequalities simultaneously influence health inequities.

Although a few researchers have developed methods to assess how multiple forms of interpersonal discrimination shape the health of multiply marginalized groups and others have called for the use of multilevel modeling to examine the role of intersecting dimensions of structural discrimination, critical qualitative, multidisciplinary, and community-based participatory research approaches are needed to more fully incorporate the core ideas of intersectionality—including social inequality, relationality, complexity, power, social context, and social justice—into quantitative population health research studies or programs.

By more comprehensively capturing and addressing the influence of intersecting structural factors, social and historical processes, and systems of power and oppression on the health of multiply marginalized individuals, quantitative population health researchers will more fully leverage intersectionality’s transformational power and move one step closer to achieving social justice and health equity.
DAMPAK ALOKASI BANTUAN MODAL DAN TENAGA KERJA KELUARGA TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Fallo Ferdy Adif I. , Sinaga Bonar Marulitua , Hartoyo Sri , Simatupang Pantjar
Published: April 2020

English
 East Nusa Tenggara is the province with the highest poverty prevalence in Indonesia. One of the government's efforts to overcome poverty in the area is the capital assistance program for farm households. This research aimed to analyze the impacts of capital support and household labor allocation on the welfare of farm households in East Nusa Tenggara. The survey for data collection was conducted from in South Central Timor and Kupang Regencies of East Nusa Tenggara Province February to July 2017 with samples of 118 farmer households. Data analysis was conducted by developing an econometric simulation model based on farm-household economic theory. The results showed that increasing capital aid allocation for livestock business decreased the welfare, but increasing investment for livestock business, allocation of capital support for nonfarm business, and allocation of family labor for nonfarm business in single case had an impact on improving the welfare of farmer's household. The best combination consisted of increasing investment for livestock business, allocation of capital support for nonfarm business, and family labor allocation for nonfarm business. Increasing the allocation of family labor for nonfarm business is an important policy because it singly or in combination had an impact on improving the welfare of farm households.

Indonesian
Nusa Tenggara Timur merupakan provinsi dengan prevalensi kemiskinan tertinggi di Indonesia. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk mengatasi kemiskinan di daerah tersebut adalah program bantuan modal kepada rumah tangga petani. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak alokasi bantuan modal dan tenaga kerja rumah tangga terhadap kesejahteraan rumah tangga petani. Survei pengumpulan data dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan dan Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur pada bulan Februari hingga Juli 2017 dengan sampel sebanyak 118 rumah tangga petani. Analisis dilakukan dengan membangun model simulasi ekonometrik berbasis teori ekonomi rumah tangga petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan alokasi bantuan modal untuk usaha ternak menurunkan kesejahteraan, namun peningkatan investasi untuk usaha ternak, alokasi bantuan modal untuk usaha non pertanian, dan alokasi tenaga kerja keluarga untuk usaha non pertanian secara tunggal berdampak meningkatkan kesejahteraan rumah tangga petani. Kombinasi terbaik ialah kombinasi peningkatan investasi untuk usaha ternak, alokasi bantuan modal untuk usaha nonpertanian, dan alokasi tenaga kerja keluarga untuk usaha nonpertanian. Peningkatan alokasi tenaga kerja keluarga untuk usaha nonpertanian merupakan kebijakan yang cukup penting karena secara tunggal maupun kombinasi berdampak meningkatkan kesejahteraan rumah tangga petani.
Reliability and validity of the Mandarin version of the Head and Neck Cancer-specific Supportive Care Needs (SCNS-HNC) scale
Authors: LYU Jianxia , Yin Li , Cheng Ping , Li Bin , Peng Shanshan , Yang Chunlian , Yang Jing , Liang Haixin , Jiang Qinghua
Published: April 2020

Background: This Please include the affiliation of each author, including the department, institution, city, state (if applicable), country, postal code here. Study aimed to translate the English version of the supportive care needs scale of head and neck cancer patients (SCNS-HNC) questionnaire into Mandarin and to test its reliability and validity.Methods: The Mandarin version of the Supportive Care Needs Survey Short-Form (SCNS-SF34) and SCNS-HNC scales were used to assess 206 patients with head and neck cancer in Chengdu, China. Among them, 51 patients were re-tested 2 or 3 days after the first survey. The internal consistency of the scale was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, the retest reliability of the scale was evaluated by retest correlation coefficient r, the structural validity of the scale was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis, and the ceiling and floor effects of the scale were evaluated.Results: The Mandarin (Simplified) version of the SCNS-HNC had Cronbach's alpha coefficients greater than 0.700 (0.737 ≤ 0.962) for all of the domains. Except for the psychological demand dimension (r=0.674) of the SCNS-SF34 scale, the retest reliability of the other domains was greater than 0.8. Three common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 64.39%. Conclusions: The Mandarin version of the SCNS-HNC demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity and is able to measure the supportive care needs of Chinese patients with head and neck cancer.Clinical registration number: ChiCTR1900026635
Farnesal-loaded pH-sensitive polymeric micelles provided effective prevention and treatment on dental caries
Authors: yi youping , wang lujun , chen lin , lin yan , luo zhongling , chen zhenyu , li ting , wu jianming , zhong zhirong
Published: April 2020

Background: Farnesol is a sesquiterpene from propolis and citrus fruit that shows promising anti-bacterial activity for caries treatment and prevention, but its hydrophobicity limits the clinical application. We aimed to develop the novel polymeric micelles (PMs) containing a kind of derivative of farnesol and a ligand of pyrophosphate (PPi) that mediated PMs to adhere tightly with the tooth enamel. Results: Farnesal (Far) was derived from farnesol and successfully linked to PEG via an acid-labile hydrazone bond to form PEG-hyd-Far, which was then conjugated to PPi and loaded into PMs to form the aimed novel drug delivery system, PPi-Far-PMs. The in vitro test about the binding of PPi-Far-PMs to hydroxyapatite showed that PPi-Far-PMs could bind rapidly to hydroxyapatite and quickly release Far under the acidic conditions. Results from the mechanical testing and the micro-computed tomography indicated that PPi-Far-PMs could restore the microarchitecture of teeth with caries. Moreover, PPi-Far-PMs diminished the incidence and severity of smooth and sulcal surface caries in rats that were infected with Streptococcus mutans while being fed with a high-sucrose diet . The anti-caries efficacy of free Far can be improved significantly by PPi-Far-PMs through the effective binding of it with tooth enamel via PPi. Conclusions: This novel drug-delivery system may be useful for the treatment and prevention of dental caries as well as the targeting therapy of anti-bacterial drugs in the oral disease.
Transarticular invasion of primary bone tumors abutting the sacroiliac joint: an MRI study in 128 patients
Authors: Ding Lei , Yin Junqiang , Zhang Fangling , Wang Yongqian , Zou Changye , Gao Zhen-hua
Published: April 2020

Background: To investigate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestation of transarticular invasion of primary bone tumors abutting the sacroiliac joint.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of MRI data in 128 patients with primary bone tumors abutting the sacroiliac joint from January 2004 to December 2015. The diagnoses were confirmed by surgical findings and pathological examination. The tumors of 87 patients located in the ilium and 41 patients in the sacrum. Tumors were divided into high-grade malignant tumor group (Group 1), low-grade (Group 2) malignant tumor group and intermediate tumor group (Group 3). Transarticular invasion routes included 3 types: across ligament (Type 1), across articular cartilage (Type 2) and across periarticular tissue (Type 3).Results: Transarticular invasion were observed in 33 patients (25.8%): Group 1 (22 patients) included 15 patients (51.7%) with conventional osteosarcoma and 7 patients (43.8%) with Ewing's sarcoma; Group 2 (5 patients) included 4 patients (11.4%) with central chondrosarcoma and 1 patient (7.7%) with chordoma; Group 3 (6 patients) included 4 patients (20.0%) with giant cell tumor of bone, 1 patient (16.7%) with chondroblastoma and 1 patient (11.1%) with aneurysmal bone cyst. The difference of transarticular invasion incidence was not statistically significant between primary iliac and sacral tumors (P > 0.05). The differences were statistically significant between group 2 and group 1, group 3 and group 1, respectively (P < 0.01). Significant differences were observed among different invasion types (P < 0.01): type 1(31 times), type 2 (15 times) and type 3 (5 times).Conclusions: MRI is sensitive and useful to evaluate transarticular invasion of primary bone tumors abutting the sacroiliac joint.
Characterization of a big family cluster infection associated with SARS-Cov-2 in Nanjing district
Authors: Chen Wei , Hu Chunmei , Huang Lili , zhang Yongchen , Hu Zhiliang , Zeng Yi , Wang Weixiao , Zhang Xia , Yi Yongxiang
Published: April 2020

Background: Outbreak of COVID-19 has brought catastrophe to huge numbers of families. However, even though numerous tragedies occurred, there were few reports about family cluster infection in the academic journals. Methods: The electronic medical records of 10 COVID-19 patients in a big family were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.Results: These 10 patients, 4 males and 6 females, were infected through two successive family feasts during Spring Festival. The infection source was a family member at asymptomatic state, who lived in Hubei but travelled to Nanjing. The median age of these 10 patients was 61.5, with the oldest 95 and youngest 38. The incubation period varied from 3 to 17 days, with the median of 5.5. Of them, 2 patients were asymptomatic. The most common symptoms at onset were fever (6/10) and dry cough (6/10). All of them displayed lesions on the chest CT. 40% of them had leukopenia, neutropenia and lymphopenia. After anti-virus treatment, all the patients significantly improved and were discharged. Conclusions: SARS-Cov-2 was highly contagious and so crafty that a varied incubation period did exist. Part of patients might be asymptomatic, which was the potential source of transmission. More measures for protection or quarantine should be taken at home if family member had travel history nearby the epidemic area.
Quality of Life and Health Status among those receiving Renal Replacement Therapy in Trinidad and Tobago. West Indies.
Authors: Sanchez Sharlene Maria , Teelucksingh Surujpal , Ali Ronan , Bailey Henry , Legall George
Published: April 2020

Background

A cross sectional study was conducted over a 1-year period in order to evaluate quality of life and health state for patients receiving renal replacement therapy in a resource constrained Caribbean island of Trinidad and Tobago.

Methods

Five hundred and thirty patients were enlisted in the study. For those who had received renal transplants (n=100) and for those on peritoneal dialysis (n=80), all were included. Among the 1000-odd patients who were receiving haemodialysis 350 were studied using convenience sampling. To be included, one had to be on renal replacement therapy for 3 months or more and at least 18 years of age. The Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL-36) and the EuroQol (EQ-5D-3L) instruments were administered after demographic data were collected. Transplant recipients were further evaluated with the Kidney Transplant Questionnaire (KTQ). Inferential analysis of data included 95% confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, multiple regression and analysis of variance. SPSS24, STATA14 and MINITAB18 were used.

Results

Of the 530 patients, 52.5% were male and 37.5% were in the 56-65 years age group. Hypertension (68.9%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (50.5%) were reported as the main causes of kidney disease. The KDQOL-36 domain scores and significantly associated variables included modality of renal replacement (p=0.000), age (p=0.001), Charlson’s Comorbidity Index (p=0.001), income (p=0.000) and employment status (p=0.000). Transplant patients performed the best in the KDQOL-36. The mean visual analogue scale and index scores from the EQ-5D-3L were highest among renal transplant recipients (p=0.000).

Conclusion

Renal transplant recipients enjoy the best quality of life and health state among patients on renal replacement therapy in Trinidad and Tobago.
The multicenter study of Chest HRCT imaging characteristics of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia
Authors: Lyu Zhehao , Ren Meiji , Wu Lian-Ming , Yang Yuxin , Lu Yi-Bo , Li Li , Gong Xiaoming , Lu Zhiyan , Li Hongjun
Published: April 2020

Background: In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause was linked to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan, China. A novel coronavirus was detected, capable of infecting humans, on 6 January 2020 and termed COVID-19. By 16 February 2020, there were 51857 confirmed cases with 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) pneumonia in 25 countries. COVID-19 can also lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods: 149 patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)pneumonia(68 males, 81 females, ages 1-89)from 6 research centers in China were diagnosed with positive 2019 Novel Coronavirus(COVID-19)nucleic acids antibodies. And their high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) imaging datas were evaluated.Results: 136/149(91.3%)patients had a clear history of exposure to Wuhan. Fever (122/149, 81.9%)and cough(83/149, 55.7%)were the most common symptoms. The main imaging characteristics within 4 days of onset included 30(20.13%) cases of pure ground glass opacities (P<0.05), 38(25.50%) cases of GGO with reticulation(P<0.01), 12(8.05%) cases of consolidation(P<0.01). In the 5-8 days group, the main imaging features included 71(47.65%) cases of pGGO(P<0.05), 69(46.31%) cases of GGO with reticulation(P<0.01). In the 9-12 days group, the main feature was 85(57.04%) cases with GGO with reticulation(P<0.01). In the group of 13-16 days group, the main imaging characteristics included 48(32.21%) cases of GGO with reticulation(P < 0.01), 34(22.82%) cases of consolidation(P<0.01).Conclusion: Patients infected with COVID-19 pneumonia show more chest CT characteristics within 5-8 days after the onset of disease. The main manifestations included pGGO, GGO with reticulation, consolidation and GGO with consolidation.