bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Colorful Image Encryption Method Using Triple Chaotic Maps and Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO)
Authors: Abed Qutaiba K. , Al-Jawher Waleed A. Mahmoud
Published: September 2024

A novel image encryption algorithm employing triple chaotic maps has been developed to address the shortcomings of existing methods in terms of security and efficiency. The algorithm leverages the interconnectivity of color channels in images, using distinct keys to disrupt pixel correlations within each channel. The three chaotic maps utilized URUK, WAM, and Nahrain to generate two sets of keys. The first set is used to shuffle pixel positions, creating scrambled channels. Subsequently, the second set is applied to diffuse these scrambled channels independently. A gray wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm is then employed to further optimize the shuffling process, minimizing pixel correlations and enhancing security. The triple chaotic maps of varying orders contribute to the unpredictability and robustness of the cipher image. A comprehensive security analysis, including entropy, correlation coefficients, and attack resistance, demonstrates the superior performance of the proposed method compared to existing image encryption algorithms
Classification of Boosting Image Performance Via Quality Enhancement and Swin Transformer
Authors: Saadi Saadi M. , Al-Jawher Waleed A. Mahmoud
Published: September 2024

With the increasing use of the Internet and social media and the sharing of millions of images daily, the need to classify these images and collect them in groups has increased for easy searching and finding similar and related ones, which in turn facilitates the work of many researches and works in various fields. The study proposes a method to classify images accurately and efficiently by making modifications to the image that improve the accuracy of the image without distorting it or losing its most important features and using the Swin transformer. The Swin transformer effectively captures contextual information at multiple scales, which leads to improved feature extraction. In addition, improving the accuracy of images enhances the quality of the system's work and obtains the expected results. The method we used reached an amazing accuracy rate of over 90%. The new approach outperformed existing methods, indicating its success in recognizing and classifying images. Classification accuracy has important benefits in recognizing images and which category they belong to, thus greatly helping in making more accurate decisions.
CÂNCER DE CABEÇA, BOCA E PESCOÇO: RASTREAMENTO, DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO NA PRÁTICA MULTIPROFISSIONAL DE SAÚDE
Authors: Silva Francisco Ronner Andrade da , Reis da Silva Bruno , Lopes Oliveira Patrícia , Martins de Araujo Leonardo , Dias Alencar Welton Gibson , Tavares Monteiro Erik Lafitt , Oliveira da Silva Ana Paula , De Oliveira Belém Márcia , Oliveira da Silva Eryson Ramon , Barreto da Silva Vitória , Sousa Nóbrega Lauradella Geraldine , Santos Bomfim Deivid
Published: September 2024

O câncer de cabeça, cavidade oral e pescoço estão entre os dez tipos de neoplasias mais frequentes na população brasileira, sendo que a maioria dos casos são detectados em fases avançadas, possuindo um prognóstico ruim, segundo o Instituto Nacional do Câncer. Estudos mostram que é um problema de saúde pública no Brasil e em outros países e que o tempo transcorrido entre a fase inicial e avançado é longo, pois a evolução costuma ser lenta na maioria dos casos. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever sobre a abordagem multiprofissional no tratamento do câncer de cabeça, boca e pescoço. Como percurso metodológico, tratou-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, do tipo narrativa, com abordagem de revisão integrativa da literatura. O levantamento dos estudos foi realizado utilizando as bases de dados eletrônicas: Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Google acadêmico. Para isso foram utilizados os seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DECs) a saber: “câncer”, “câncer de boca”, “câncer de cabeça e pescoço”, “multiprofissional”. Foram utilizados os operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR”. No presente estudo foram incluídos 11 artigos, dos quais 03 estavam no idioma inglês e 08 em português, cujas pesquisas foram publicadas entre os anos de 2016 e 2023, percebendo um maior número de publicações nos seguintes anos: 2021, 2022 (ambos com 18,18%, n = 8) em seguida temos os anos 2016, 2016 (ambos com 9,09% n = 3).  O cuidado do paciente com câncer de cabeça, boca e pescoço de forma multiprofissional tem como primícias: melhora do estado nutricional, físico e emocional. O paciente com diagnóstico oncológico e em fase de tratamento é atravessado por mudanças significativas em diversos contextos da sua vida, diante disso, percebe-se a necessidade de um suporte da equipe multiprofissional de saúde, de modo que possibilite assistência de cuidados frente ao impacto das transformações ocorridas e vise proporcionar aos pacientes uma melhor qualidade de vida.
TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO DA COLECISTITE AGUDA
Authors: Barbosa Silva Pedro Augusto , Barbosa de Carvalho Matos Gabriel Barbosa de Carvalho , Pereira Faria Laura , Fakhouri Salvoni Jacqueline
Published: September 2024

Introdução: A colecistite aguda (CA) é uma inflamação aguda da vesícula biliar, em virtude, normalmente, da obstrução da saída da bile por um cálculo. Os fatores de risco envolvidos podem ser prematuridade, sepse, cirurgias abdominais, anomalias anatômicas do sistema biliar, obesidade e síndrome de Down. A colecistite pode ser classificada em grau I (leve), grau II (moderado) e grau III (grave). O diagnóstico se baseia nas manifestações clinicas, exames laboratoriais e de imagem. O tratamento e manejo adequado dessa doença se faz importante para melhora do prognóstico do paciente. Objetivo: Analisar a importância do tratamento cirúrgico da colecistite para o prognóstico do paciente. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa dos últimos 5 anos, do período de 2019 a 2024, utilizando a base de dados da  Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Medline. Os descritores utilizados para busca foram: "colecistectomia" "tratamento" "colecistite" "manejo". Foram encontrados 54 artigos, sendo eles submetidos aos critérios de seleção. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos disponibilizados na íntegra e que se relacionavam à proposta estudada. Resultado e Discussão: A colecistectomia laparoscópica é uma das principais técnicas escolhidas para realização cirúrgica da doença. Essa técnica é recomendada de modo precoce (<72 horas de sintomas) nos pacientes CA  leve a moderada. A CA grave sem comorbidades significativas, pode-se iniciar com colecistectomia. Pacientes com essa gravidade com comorbidades se recomenda a drenagem. O tratamento cirúrgico é a primeira opção de tratamento, uma vez que apresenta a cura definitiva e evita a possibilidade de recorrência da doença.  Estudos apontam uma redução da mortalidade com a escolha do tratamento cirúrgico. Conclusão: Nessa perspectiva, evidencia-se a importância do tratamento cirúrgico para diminuir a morbimortalidade e melhorar o prognóstico do paciente.
PARALISIA CEREBRAL E SEUS DESAFIOS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Davi Fernando Gomes Pereira  , Arthur Emanuel Campos Coelho  , Kelly Nascimento Ferreira Júlio  , Vinícius Silveira Rodrigues
Published: September 2024

A Paralisia Cerebral Infantil (PC) é uma das condições neurológicas mais comuns e difíceis que impactam a infância. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como propósito examinar os obstáculos e progressos no tratamento da PC. Método: Realizou-se uma análise bibliográfica, utilizando publicações dos bancos de dados PubMed, Scopus e SciELO. Foram considerados artigos originais e revisões sistemáticas em inglês e português publicados entre 2019 e 2024, referentes aos desafios e avanços no tratamento da Paralisia Cerebral. Foram escolhidos 14 artigos para a realização desta análise bibliográfica. Resultados e Debate: Foi evidenciada a relevância de abordagens personalizadas que levem em conta os aspectos clínicos da PC. Além disso, é crucial individualizar o tratamento da PC, considerando a variedade de quadros clínicos dos pacientes. A compreensão crescente da neuroplasticidade sugere que estratégias focadas na adaptação cerebral podem ser essenciais, e a inclusão de tecnologias assistivas deve ser feita de maneira equilibrada, considerando aspectos éticos e práticos. Conclusão: A busca constante por abordagens terapêuticas eficazes, respaldadas por evidências robustas, é fundamental para progredir em direção a uma gestão mais eficaz e compassiva dessa condição neurológica intrincada
Diabetes autoimune latente (LADA): um panorama do manejo terapêutico atual
Authors: Alves Oliveira da Cruz Lara Cristina , Gonçalves Almada Bruno Henrique , Baschera Duffeck Valentina , Ideriha Giulia , Mai Tsuru Isabelle , Edwirges Rocha Gouveia Marina , Gatto Bordignon Maria Eduarda , Kristine Kamiji Kassia , Biscotto de Carvalho Giulia , Pioli Coimbra Carolina , Horie Santos da Costa Heloísa , Layra Simon dos santos Letícia , Ferreira Machado Silva Gabrielle , Junqueira Beatriz , De Sa e Goes Arthur Lucas , Bernardes Yamamoto Gabriel , Mazzo Tavares Henrique , Soares Barbosa Maria Eduarda
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O diabetes mellitus, em rápida ascensão global, inclui várias formas, como DM1, DM2 e diabetes autoimune latente em adultos (LADA). O LADA, estimado em 3% a 11% da população diabética, foi reconhecido oficialmente pela OMS em 2019 e classificado como um subtipo de DM1 em 2022. Com características genéticas do DM1 e manifestações do DM2, o LADA é frequentemente confundido com DM2, dificultando o diagnóstico e tratamento adequados. Objetivo: Este estudo visa discutir os principais métodos de tratamento do LADA, contribuindo para o conhecimento e aprimoramento das estratégias terapêuticas para essa forma específica de diabetes autoimune. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura com busca nas bases de dados PubMed e Cochrane. Foram selecionados 10 artigos que atendiam critérios como publicação nos últimos cinco anos, metodologia rigorosa e relevância para o manejo terapêutico do LADA. Os artigos foram analisados e discutidos em seus principais aspectos. Resultados e Discussão: O tratamento do LADA foca em retardar a apoptose das células beta pancreáticas e melhorar o controle metabólico. A insulina, além de regular a glicemia, tem propriedades imunomoduladoras que protegem as células beta. Inibidores da DPP-4, como sitagliptina, em combinação com vitamina D, mostraram-se promissores em retardar a progressão da doença. Além disso, abordagens emergentes, como a modulação da resposta autoimune pelo anticorpo GADA e intervenções na microbiota intestinal, são áreas de crescente interesse, mas requerem mais investigação. Outras terapias, como GLP-1RAs e SGLT2is, têm mostrado potencial, embora ainda não amplamente estudadas no contexto do LADA. Conclusão: A falta de padronização no tratamento do LADA dificulta o manejo eficaz. No entanto, o uso de insulina, inibidores da DPP-4 e vitamina D demonstra eficácia. Estudos adicionais são necessários para explorar novas terapias e estratégias preventivas para melhorar o tratamento do LADA.
IMPACTOS DA COINFECÇÃO DE HIV E TUBERCULOSE NA POPULAÇÃO BRASILEIRA
Authors: Ferreira Souto de Souza Jose augusto , Urso Beraldo Moraes Laura Franco , Ribeiro Cesar Marcelo , Campos Teodoro Ana Carolina
Published: September 2024

A coinfecção por HIV e tuberculose (TB) é um desafio significativo de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo, pois ambas as doenças afetam principalmente populações vulneráveis. O HIV, que compromete o sistema imunológico, aumenta drasticamente a probabilidade de uma pessoa desenvolver TB ativa. Estima-se que pessoas com HIV tenham 21 a 34 vezes mais chances de contrair TB do que aquelas sem o vírus, tornando a TB a principal causa de morte entre portadores de HIV/AIDS. No Brasil, entre 2007 e 2019, foram registrados mais de 300 mil novos casos de HIV, com prevalência entre adultos de 25 a 39 anos. A coinfecção HIV/TB está relacionada a fatores sociais, como pobreza, baixo nível educacional, falta de acesso a informações e serviços de saúde, o que muitas vezes resulta em diagnóstico tardio e abandono do tratamento. Isso ocorre principalmente entre populações-chave, como homens que fazem sexo com homens, profissionais do sexo, pessoas transgênero e usuários de drogas. O diagnóstico precoce da TB em pessoas com HIV é dificultado pela alteração nos sintomas clínicos e pela menor sensibilidade aos exames de baciloscopia. No entanto, o tratamento integrado de HIV e TB é eficaz, embora exija alta adesão a regimes terapêuticos complexos. A terapia antirretroviral (TARV) deve ser iniciada em todos os pacientes com TB ativa, independentemente da contagem de linfócitos CD4, e combinada com o tratamento antituberculose. A coinfecção, além dos desafios físicos, gera impactos emocionais e sociais, como estigma e rejeição familiar, que dificultam a adesão ao tratamento. Portanto, é essencial melhorar as políticas de rastreamento e tratamento dessas infecções, além de fornecer suporte psicológico integrado ao atendimento clínico, visando aumentar a adesão e reduzir a mortalidade associada.
Tratamento Cirúrgico do Câncer Gástrico: Evolução das Técnicas Laparoscópicas
Authors: Kadyja Ferraz de Melo  , Lisiane Gomes de Souza  , Sophia Lara de Jesus Silva  , Thiago Sousa Medeiros  , Henrique de Araújo Pereira Neto  , Beatriz Silva de Oliveira  , Luiz Felipe Zacarias dos Santos  , Bruna Madeu de Albuquerque  , Marcelo Costa Mendes  , Daniely Dilmara Martins Darui  , Amanda Santos Meneses  , Lorrany Fernandes Mundim
Published: September 2024

Este artigo de revisão integrativa analisa os critérios para a indicação de gastrectomia em indivíduos diagnosticados com adenocarcinoma gástrico, visando resumir as evidências mais atuais e identificar as melhores práticas na área clínica. A investigação abrangeu estudos publicados entre 2010 e 2024, centrando-se em aspectos como o estadiamento do tumor, a escolha entre gastrectomia subtotal e total, bem como o efeito da linfadenectomia D2. Adicionalmente, o artigo examinou as complicações que surgem após a cirurgia e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, comparando diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas, incluindo abordagens minimamente invasivas como a laparoscopia e a cirurgia robótica. Os achados ressaltam a relevância de uma abordagem individualizada, que leve em conta tanto os fatores clínicos quanto as características pessoais de cada paciente, para aprimorar os resultados. Conclui-se que a atuação clínica precisa seguir em progresso, incorporando inovações tecnológicas e desenvolvimentos terapêuticos, além de revisões regulares das orientações fundamentadas nas evidências científicas mais atualizadas. Esta análise ajuda a aprofundar a compreensão dos obstáculos e das possibilidades na abordagem cirúrgica do adenocarcinoma gástrico, proporcionando informações que podem aprimorar o tratamento e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
FRATURA DO TÚBER MAXILAR DURANTE A EXODONTIA DE TERCEIRO MOLAR: REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors: Chaves Gheyza Torres , Firmino Hyago Luiz do Prado , Mendes Matheus Felipe Silva , De Morais Francielly Fernandes Pereira , Couto Patrícia Maria , Pereira Jacquiane Santana , De Medeiros Adnaleila Silva , de Andrade Victoria Maria Beltrao , Neto Wilton Costa , Ferreira Edilson Pantaleão , meireles Gabriely muniz lima , de Moraes Jeovanna Brito , Storck Itamar Júnio Vilhena , dos Santos Anna Flávia Popi Manganaro , Moreira Léia Pinto , Arruda Catiane Dias , Lima Fernanda Luiza Delgado Assis Viegas , da Silva Vanielle Thaís Gomes , FORTES Rafael Zago Sá , speck Guilherme Lobo , Pereira Bruna Monteiro , Bella Ana Paula Granja Scarabel Nogueira , Neto Sebastião Luiz de Oliveira , Gomes Átila Jose , De Lima Daniel Alves
Published: September 2024

REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
 
RESUMO
Durante a remoção dos terceiros molares superiores é fundamental que se adotem técnicas cirúrgicas precisas. Isso envolve o uso de instrumentos adequados e a aplicação controlada de força, a fim de reduzir o risco de lesões ósseas na maxila. A tuberosidade maxilar, uma saliência óssea localizada na parte posterior da maxila, exige especial atenção dos cirurgiões dentistas, pois sua fratura pode ocorrer durante a exodontia desses dentes. O domínio dessa estrutura é crucial para que o profissional possa agir de forma rápida e eficiente caso essa complicação aconteça. Assim, é essencial empregar técnicas cirúrgicas apropriadas para lidar com possíveis imprevistos durante o procedimento. O propósito deste estudo é orientar os cirurgiões-dentistas no manejo de fraturas da tuberosidade maxilar, também conhecida como túber maxilar, além de discutir suas características anatômicas, fisiológicas e a conduta clínica recomendada. Essas fraturas podem ocorrer devido à proximidade entre a tuberosidade e os terceiros molares, assim como pelas variações anatômicas da região. Entre os fatores que podem causar a fratura durante a extração desses dentes, destacam-se o trauma direto, a aplicação excessiva de força apical ao usar extratores e o uso inadequado de técnicas cirúrgicas
ROBUSTNESS AND ADVERSARIAL ATTACKS ON GENERATIVE MODELS
Authors: Yeshwanth Vasa
Published: September 2024

Since generative models rely on providing input data samples, it is essential to have a robust generative model capable of standing against adversarial attacks that can tamper with the model's output. This paper employs empirical analysis to examine the weaknesses of critical generative models like GANs and VAEs and additionally discovers the defense schemes. In a controlled environment created by accurately modeled adversarial trial data sets and time-sensitive analyses, we test and compare various confirmed adversarial training methods and defenses, such as implicit generative modeling and probabilistic adversarial robustness. Our results emphasize the difficulty of gaining complete robustness and suggest a way to deal with such attacks while preserving the model's accuracy. The analysis also reveals gaps in existing techniques, opening up possibilities for future research to improve the protection of generative models. This work will be valuable for the machine learning community in the future, as it contributes to discussing adversarial robustness and offers insights for researchers and practitioners.
ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS AND BIAS IN GENERATIVE AI
Authors: Yeshwanth Vasa
Published: September 2024

This has led to several opportunities, mainly because generative AI has grown quickly, mostly in the content and services sectors. Since then, there have been some improvements to face these challenges, but there are still some urgent ethical issues and biases. This paper aims to discuss the following concerns concerning ethical questions around generative AI: privacy issues, the threat of misinformation, and issues related to intellectual property ownership. Also, it further proves the existence of bias in the systems and advocates for the consideration of race, gender, and other factors in society. Regarding these issues, the paper tries to answer the questions of what risks generative AI systems have, how these threats can be eradicated, and how the equity of using AI can be enhanced, which is unknown and remains a question among scholars and practitioners.
AUTOMATE DATA SCIENCE WORKFLOWS USING DATA ENGINEERING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Naresh Babu Kilaru
Published: September 2024

This assignment focuses on applying data engineering practices in data science, aiming to improve the speed, size, and reproducibility of data-driven tasks. The paper explores using WMS to incorporate ADP and AFT when implementing the entire data science pipeline, from data acquisition to deployment of the final model. By analyzing simulation reports and real-life cases, this work showcases the effectiveness of automation in addressing issues including integration, time of processing, and reliance on manual efforts for enhancing decision-making and organizational processes. The main points suggest that using data engineering approaches saves time and resources while performing data pre-processing and analysis, improves the quality and reliability of analytics findings and outputs, and is an essential component of contemporary analytical pipelines.
IMPACT OF WEIGHT TRAINING ON HEALTH RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS COMPONENTS OF SCHOOL GOING GIRLS
Authors: Mr. Dinesh  , Dr. Kuldeep Nara  , Dr. Sunita Rani
Published: September 2024

This study was undertaken to examine the impact of weight training on chosen health related physical fitness components of school going girls. For this purpose, 30 girls of 14-16 years were selected for experimentation. All the girls were equally and randomly assigned to:-(i) Weight training group; consists total 15 subjects (ii) Control group; consists total 15 subjects. Weight training group was allotted 10 weeks, 4 days per week, specific weight training programme. Control group did not underwent a specific training programme and they were advised to perform their daily routine tasks. (i) Dynamic Muscular Endurance & Strength (Arms and Shoulders) using Flexed arm hang (hold/sec) (ii) Muscular Endurance & Strength (Trunk) using Bent Knee Sit Ups (Number/min) and Cardiovascular Endurance using 12 min run/walk.To analyse the significant change (if any) between pre and post training scores, Paired t test was computed. To analyse the significant change (if any) between pre scores of weight training as well as control group and post training scores of weight training as well as control group Independent t test was computed. T-ratio, Mean and SD were computed and compared. The results indicate that weight training is effective to bring a significant impact on the selected health related physical fitness components i.e. Body Fat %, BMI, SMM, FFM, Flexibility, Muscular Endurance & Strength i.e. (i) Dynamic Muscular Strength & Muscular Endurance (Arms and Shoulders) (ii) Muscular Endurance & Strength (Trunk) and Cardiovascular Endurance. No significant changes were observed in TBW.
KEYWORDS: Weight Training, Flexibility, Body composition, Cardio-vascular Endurance and Health Related Fitness Components.
A STUDY ON CROSS-COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF NEO BANKING: INDIA AND THE US
Authors: Ms. Sharanya D.S  , Dr. Shailaja M.L
Published: September 2024

This study highlights how neobanks, which are exclusively digital financial companies, have disrupted traditional banking systems by contrasting and comparing the birth and adoption of these businesses in the US and India. Neobanks provide more efficient, cost-effective, and customized banking experiences by utilizing cutting edge technology. They don't have any physical branches; all of their business is done online. Despite having similar technological infrastructures, the growth and development of neobanks is impacted by distinct regulatory frameworks, socioeconomic factors, and consumer behaviors in the US and India. This study makes use of primary survey data and hypothesis testing to assess critical factors such as user-friendliness, security concerns, customer trust, and overall satisfaction with neobank services in both countries. Based on the analysis, neobanking has become more popular and trusted in the US due to its well-established digital financial ecosystem and robust regulatory frameworks. However, despite its quick growth, the Indian neobanking market faces challenges with regard to customer trust and regulatory compliance. The study concludes with recommendations for increasing the adoption of neobanks, particularly in the Indian market, through regulatory support, improved security measures, and improved customer education.
KEYWORDS: Neobanks, digital banking, financial technology, financial inclusion, digital transformation
EXAMINING THE ROLE OF EDUCATION IN ADVANCING INDIA TO A FIVE TRILLION DOLLAR ECONOMY: IMPACT ON ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Jaya Khatri  , Dr. Madhu Bhatia  , Prof. R.K. Maheshwari
Published: September 2024

Concerning India, this research article examines the intricate relationship between gross domestic product and educational attainment. Considering the quickly changing economic environment and the growing recognition of human capital as a vital growth engine, the aim of this study is to present a thorough examination of the ways in which varying degrees of educational attainment affect economic output. This study employs a longitudinal case study approach and quantitative analysis to find the complexities of the relation between productivity and schooling. The conceptual framework provides a theoretical structure to direct the research by drawing on well-established theories in economics and education. The study's methodology relies on the extensive collection of data from various sources, like national surveys and educational records. Descriptive analysis is used in the research design to analyse the data with an emphasis on comprehending the longitudinal dynamics and trends. The study's findings provide strong proof of the connection between economic output in India and educational achievement. The discussion part explores more complex interpretations of the data, considering factors that are specific to the Indian setting, than just statistical correlations. To sum up, this research reveals the intricate connection between economic output and academic success, highlighting the necessity of focused policies and initiatives in order to fully use India's human capital.
KEYWORDS: educational attainment, economic productivity, economic growth
ASSESSING RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN INDIAN STATES THROUGH A COMPOSITE INDEX OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Deepali Mishra  , Dr. Madhu Bhatia  , Dr. R.K. Maheshwari
Published: September 2024

This research paper evaluates infrastructure in rural areas of Indian states, utilizing cross-sectional data from India and its 20 major states. To assess the performance of infrastructure, the study develops a composite index for economic and social infrastructure, incorporating key indicators such as tele-density, rural road length, electrification, the number of schools, access to safe drinking water, and primary health centres. Data is sourced from various secondary reports, including government publications and national surveys, ensuring a comprehensive overview of essential variables. To analyse the data, the Z-score technique standardizes the variables, and min-max scaling normalizes the weighted indicators to a composite index ranging from 0 to 100. States are classified as low, moderate, good, or high performers based on this index. Findings reveal significant disparities in infrastructure development, with states like Kerala, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh performing well in economic infrastructure. However, social infrastructure reveals a more complex landscape, with Uttar Pradesh excelling while states like Assam, Chhattisgarh, and Jharkhand show significant lagging. These differences highlight the fact that gains in social services are not always correlated with progress in the economic infrastructure. The study highlights the need for focused governmental interventions to improve infrastructure on both fronts and support all-encompassing rural development. Ultimately, enhancing the quality of life in rural India and guaranteeing equitable growth rests on narrowing the gap between economic and social infrastructure investment.
KEYWORDS: Economic Infrastructure, Social Infrastructure, Composite index, Z-Score, Min-max scaling
Higg’s Bosons: The Key to Understanding Mass
Authors: - Narayana Sharma H.D
Published: September 2024

In the vast and intricate landscape of particle physics, few phenomena have captured the imagination quite like the Higgs boson. Often referred to as the "God particle," this elusive entity represents a cornerstone of modern physics, offering profound insights into the fundamental forces and particles that govern the universe. Its discovery in 2012 at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) marked a monumental achievement, validating decades of theoretical speculation and experimental inquiry. But what exactly is the Higgs boson, and why is it so pivotal to our understanding of the cosmos? To embark on this journey of discovery, we must delve into the depths of the subatomic realm, where the mysteries of mass, energy and the fundamental forces intertwine in a delicate dance of cosmic proportions.
Potensi Flavonoid Dalam Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Sebagai Antiinflamasi Secara In Silico
Authors: Na'imah Janatun , Nasyanka Anindi Lupita
Published: September 2024

Penatalaksaan inflamasi di Indonesia saat ini menggunakan obat golongan AINS (Antiinflamasi Non Steroid) maupun AIS (Antiinflamasi Steroid). Mekanisme kerja obat tersebut berhubungan dengan biosintesis prostaglandin, yaitu menghambat kerja enzim siklooksigense yang menyebabkan penurunan sintesa prostaglandin. Akan tetapi, penggunaan obat-obatan tersebut menunjukkan berbagai efek samping seperti tukak lambung, dispepsia, cushing, osteoporosis dan immunosuppresif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental secara in silico pada daun papaya (Carica papaya L.) yang mengandung flavonoid diduga sebagai senyawa antiinflamasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui interaksi senyawa flavonoid dengan COX-2 secara in silico. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan senyawa flavonoid diduga sebagai antiinflamasi dengan menghasilkan nilai âˆ†G antara COX-2 dengan flavonoid sebesar -44,92 kcal/mol. Interaksi yang terjadi antara reseptor COX-2 dengan flavonoid, yaitu terjadinya ikatan hidrogen antara atom O dari flavonoid dengan beberapa residu asam amino dari COX-2, yaitu Aspargarin 39, Lisin 469 dan Sistein 47.
État des lieux et évaluation des pratiques professionnelles sur la réhabilitation précoce et l’utilisation d’un plan de verticalisation pour les patients à risque élevé de neuromyopathie acquise en Réanimation en France
Authors: Soulié Julie , Delahaye Arnaud
Published: September 2024

Objectif : Cette étude a pour objectif de faire un état des lieux des différentes pratiques dans la réhabilitation précoce et plus précisément concernant l’utilisation du plan de verticalisation auprès des services de réanimation et de soins continus en France et outre-mer.
Méthode : Une étude descriptive multicentrique interprofessionnelle a été réalisée à travers un questionnaire. Les participants ont principalement été contactés par mail. Une analyse à plat a ensuite été réalisée.
Résultats : Cent vingt participants ont répondu à l’enquête (taux de participation de 51,7%). Deux tiers des participants (61%) n’ont pas de formation initiale à la réhabilitation précoce. 74% déclarent qu’elle fait l’objet d’une prescription médicale et 53% qu’elle débute dans les 24 à 48 premières heures, principalement par de la mise au fauteuil (97%) ou de la kinésithérapie respiratoire (95%). Concernant le plan de verticalisation 52% des répondeurs l’utilisent au moins mensuellement. Peu d’effets indésirables sont évoqués. 81% des participants équipés considèrent qu’il s’agit d’un outil de choix.
Conclusion : En France, les professionnels de santé sont peu formés à la réhabilitation précoce. Le plan de verticalisation est considéré comme un outil de choix, cependant il reste peu utilisé certainement par manque de formations, de moyens humains et de données scientifiques.
Peran Guru Dalam Penggunaan Media Interaktif Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Kelas V di SD Negeri 95 Palembang
Authors: Lia Wahyuni
Published: September 2024

The teacher's role in determining the success of learning is very important. Learning activities will run more smoothly with media, especially interactive media. This research aims to explore the role of teachers in utilizing interactive media in science subjects. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method with the research subjects being class teachers and class V students. While the sample was taken through purposive sampling, data collection techniques involved observation, interviews and documentation. The research results show that teachers prepare material, give students opportunities to ask questions, use learning media, provide rewards to motivate students, and provide kahoot media as learning evaluation. The interactive media used is the Kahoot application. The use of interactive media in science learning at SD Negeri 95 Palembang has an important role in increasing students' interest and enthusiasm for learning.
Keywords: Motivator; Mediator; Facilitator; Kahoot;
The Contribution of Tourism Investments and their Impact on the Local Economies of Kenya: A case study of Nakuru County
Authors: Ondieki Eusabia B. , Amwata Dorothy Akinyi , Nyariki Dickson Mong'are , Bulitia Godrick Mathews
Published: September 2024

Tourism is one of the fastest-growing sectors in the world. It contributes about 10% of the global Gross Domestic Product. It further creates about 5% of direct jobs. The sector has been shown to have a strong multiplier effect on all aspects of the economy. Globally, about 20% of jobs generated over the past five years are related to tourism. Tourism development stimulates growth by attracting new foreign direct investment (FDI) and building new facilities. This study sought to establish the contribution of hospitality and tourism investments to the local economy of Kenya, taking Nakuru County as a case study. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design, accommodating qualitative and quantitative methods; both primary and secondary data. Purposive sampling was used to select 51 out of 151 tourism and hospitality investments in the study area. Secondary data were obtained from tourism and hospitality published and unpublished reports from government and non-governmental organisations. Quantitative data were analysed through descriptive statistics, and content and regression analyses. Salaries of staff, park entry fees, and curio shops constituted 2%, 21.3% and 0.5%, respectively, of the total revenue generated in the study area.  Regression analysis results indicate that tourism investment accounted for a 36.6% improvement in the economy, as shown by the values [R Square=0.366, F (1, 151) = 87.311, p<0.05]. Tourism and hospitality investments contributed Kshs 10.12 billion, which was 54% of Nakuru County's gross domestic product, showing that tourism and hospitality investments contribute significantly to the local economy and, by extension, to the country’s economy
Impact of Environmental Management Accounting Practices on Mining Entities’ Financial Performance: Case of Bindura Mining Companies
Authors: Magoba Caleb , Mutombo Esther , Zvimba Eliah , Sosani Prince , Manhimanzi Gift
Published: September 2024

This research was set up to investigate the impact of Environmental Management Accounting Practices on Financial Performance (ROI) for mining firms operating in Bindura. The study objectives were to identify environmental management accounting practices employed by mining firms, establish the roles of environmental management accounting practices and to assess the relationship of environmental management accounting practices on environmental performance (EP) and on return on investment (ROI). Mixed method research strategy which blends characteristics of both quantitative and qualitative research design were used. Data was collected from a sample of 41 participants using questionnaires and interviews as data collection instruments. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics analysis tools were employed. Data analysis and presentation employed the convenience of SPSS and MS Excel packages. The research concluded that mining companies mainly use environmental budgeting, environmental capital appraisal and environmental performance tools in their mining processes and activities. It also concluded that EMAPs improves environmental performance (EP) and ultimately financial performance. To the primary beneficiaries the research study suggested that mining firms should embrace EMAPs as part of strategic management process so that they maximise from benefits associated with adoption of EMAPs. The research also recommended that the Central government should consider designing fiscal incentive policies to encourage more investment in environmentalism. Lastly, media has been recommended to stimulate public interest in environmentalism for it is anticipated that public interest pressure groups activism will accelerate the speed on adoption of environmental management accounting practice
North-Eastern Black Sea Region on the old geographical maps: localization of toponyms
Authors: Gerzen Andrey
Published: September 2024

An important research task — the localization of identified toponyms has been solved based on the analysis of 35 ancient geographical maps of the mid-12th to early 20th centuries, which reflect key chronological periods (the eras of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Early Modern Age, the Enlightenment, the Late Modern Age), in comparison with modern ones, as well as the study of the evolution of the toponymic system of the North-Eastern Black Sea region. The systematic linking of toponyms to specific geographical objects, together with the determination of the correspondence of a number of ancient geographical names to some existing large populated areas and other localities, reveals certain interdisciplinary contradictions. In particular, information from numerous cartographic sources does not confirm the localization of some monuments accepted in the archaeological community. Chronological structuring of maps of different periods, comparison of their contents, historical and linguistic systematization and analysis of geographical names, determination of correspondence to geographical objects of specific historic-geographical landscapes (microregions) demonstrate the reliability of the methodology, allowing the localization of toponyms identified in the process of studying the rich cartographic heritage with greater reliability.
Criteria and grounds for identifying of historical and geographical taxa of the North of Western Siberia (regional aspect)
Authors: Seredovskikh Boris
Published: September 2024

Historical and geographical zoning of territories is one of the key tasks of historical geography. The aim of the study is to identify the criteria for historical and geographical zoning and to substantiate the scheme of historical and geographical regions of the North of Western Siberia at the regional and topological level. The work is based on archaeological, historical, literary and cartographic sources, materials of research institutes and the results of route historical and geographical and archaeological and ethnographic studies. The author's version of the scheme of historical and geographical zoning of the North of Western Siberia at the regional and topological level is presented. In the implementation of historical and geographical zoning, both traditional zoning methods and non-standard methodological techniques (methods of “overlay”, “leading feature” and “floating features”) were used. As a result of the study, a hierarchy of historical and geographical taxa was developed taking into account the regional characteristics of the territory. Based on the landscape, ethnocultural, historical and geographical features of the territory, the identification of historical and geographical taxa at the level of provinces, districts, regions and areas was carried out. The composition and brief description of the identified historical and geographical provinces are given. The historical and geographical zoning of the North of Western Siberia can be used both for cognitive and educational purposes and as an information basis for the development of a strategy for the socio-economic development of regions by administrative bodies.
Individual spatial mobility in the urban social environment: models and forecasts of socio-environmental scenarios
Authors: Gdalin Arseny
Published: September 2024

Historical and geographical zoning of territories is one of the key tasks of historical geography. The aim of the study is to identify the criteria for historical and geographical zoning and to substantiate the scheme of historical and geographical regions of the North of Western Siberia at the regional and topological level. The work is based on archaeological, historical, literary and cartographic sources, materials of research institutes and the results of route historical and geographical and archaeological and ethnographic studies. The author's version of the scheme of historical and geographical zoning of the North of Western Siberia at the regional and topological level is presented. In the implementation of historical and geographical zoning, both traditional zoning methods and non-standard methodological techniques (methods of “overlay”, “leading feature” and “floating features”) were used. As a result of the study, a hierarchy of historical and geographical taxa was developed taking into account the regional characteristics of the territory. Based on the landscape, ethnocultural, historical and geographical features of the territory, the identification of historical and geographical taxa at the level of provinces, districts, regions and areas was carried out. The composition and brief description of the identified historical and geographical provinces are given. The historical and geographical zoning of the North of Western Siberia can be used both for cognitive and educational purposes and as an information basis for the development of a strategy for the socio-economic development of regions by administrative bodies.
Territorial structure of the confessional space of Latvia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
Authors: Krotok Roman
Published: September 2024

Latvia is a multi-confessional country. All three main branches of Christianity are fully represented here: Protestantism, Catholicism and Orthodoxy. The eastern part of Latvia (Latgale) has long been home to Old Believers and adherents of Judaism. These religious groups of the population together form the confessional space of Latvia. The purpose of the study is to identify the main elements of the territorial structure of the confessional space in Latvia based on the results of the 1897 population census and analyze their dynamics until 1920. To achieve this goal, static and cartographic research methods are used. The novelty of the study is associated with the use of original methods for analyzing the dynamics of the territorial structure of the confessional space. As a result of the study, three main elements of the territorial structure of the confessional space of Latvia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were identified: 1) mono-confessional territories (with the dominance of the Lutheran population) in the north of Vidzeme, east of Kurzeme and west of Selia; 2) vaguely expressed confessional contact zones (with a predominance of the Lutheran population and a noticeable share of Catholics and Orthodox Christians), covering the south of Vidzeme, the west of Kurzeme and the east of Selia; 3) ) a clearly defined confessional contact zone — Latgale (with a preponderance of Catholics, but with a noticeable share of Orthodox, Old Believers and Jews).
Typology of gravity zones of suburban stations of the Saint Petersburg railway junctions
Authors: Samburova Svetlana
Published: September 2024

Suburban transportation is the most widespread type of communication by rail, however, due to the lack of valid statistical data, their study is outside the mainstream of Russian human geography. The gravity zones (hinterlands) of transport hubs in modern research have a relatively simple configuration (buffer areas, a set of municipalities, and others). This article reveals the methodology for delimiting the gravity zones of suburban railway stations, which allows reflecting their internal heterogeneity and the asymmetric shape of the borders. Field observations play an important role in it, thanks to which it becomes possible to analyze the territory served by the station for the barrier nature of the environment and the existing passenger movement system. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the author for the first time carried out the delimitation of the gravity zones of 352 suburban stations of the St. Petersburg railway node, the total area of which is about 7.2 % of the total territory of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region. In addition, depending on the preferred method of transportation of passengers from their place of residence or work to the station, several types of hinterlands are distinguished: pedestrian (the most common, characterized by the smallest average areas), pedestrian-bus (it is found in large zonal and terminal stations, which are located mainly in the administrative centers of municipalities; the largest in average area), bus-pedestrian (typical for the outskirts of urban settlements in the region) and diffuse (belongs to stations located in the most urbanized part of the agglomeration core).
DISTRIBUTION OF MICROPLASTICS IN COASTAL SURFACE WATERS AT BROOKE’S POINT, PALAWAN, PHILIPPINES
Authors: De Castro H. Jeffrey
Published: September 2024

Coastal surface water samples obtained from 11 sites at Brooke’s Point, Palawan, were subjected to sieving and visual analysis of microplastics. Microplastics were detected in all samples, with blue fiber-shaped particles being the most abundant. Variations in the mean concentration of microplastics across sample sites were investigated for trends in microplastic distribution. Geographical features, wind patterns, rivers, and the direction of ocean waves were suspected to influence the transport of microplastics. The results provide a call to local governing bodies to formulate policies that address the issue of microplastic contamination and increase environmental awareness among the local population.
Mathematical analysis of the pulse coincidence process for applications on frequency sensors after the use of variable references
Authors: Murrieta-Rico Fabian N. , Sergiyenko Oleg , Rodríguez-Quiñonez Julio , Flores-Fuentes Wendy , Nuñez-Lopez Jose A. , Petranovskii Vitalii
Published: September 2024

In most cases, sensors are the means that enable a computer to get information from a process of interest. This requires that the information generated by the sensor can be processed by the computer in a timely manner. However, if accurate data from the sensor is required, an appropriate transduction process is required. There are sensors that generate a frequency-domain output. Since these sensors typically have a short response time, it is required to get the best approximation to their frequency within the shortest time possible. There are different methods for obtaining the frequency value generated by the sensor. Although such methods can be applied, their functioning characteristics are not suitable for application in sensors. The principle of rational approximations is a method that has proven plenty of improvements in comparison to other frequency measurement methods. In this work, the functioning of the principle of rational approximations is explored when different time references are used.  After the computational analysis of the principle of rational approximations, it was found out how the reference frequency value affects the measurement process. It was found that if the magnitude of reference and unknown frequencies have an increment in their difference, then the relative error decreases.