bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Liquorice Extracts on Most Common Endodontics Pathogens
Authors: Abinaya Kalaiselvan , Divya Rajsekaran , Asha Jeyakumar , Subha Anirudhan , Sneha Suresh Kumar , Adhityavasun Pazhamalai
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Antimicrobial effect of liquorice extracts and compare its action to commonly used root canal medicaments like calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans.

Materials and Methods:

Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of liquorice root were prepared. Antimicrobial activity was tested by agar well diffusion method on E. faecalis and C. albicans using Mueller Hinton agar. Wells were prepared and filled with ethanolic extract, aqueous extract of liquorice, calcium hydroxide, and chlorhexidine. Samples were incubated at 37°C, zone of inhibition was examined after 24 h.

Results and Statistical Analysis:

Ethanolic extract was significantly better (P < 0.001) than calcium hydroxide and aqueous extract of liquorice and less effective than chlorhexidine against E.faecalis. In C. albicans, ethanolic extract was less significant (P < 0.001) when compared to calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine.

Conclusion and Clinical Relevance:

Ethanolic extract of liquorice has potent bactericidal effect against E. faecalis and C. albicans over aqueous extract. Hence, it can be used as intracanal medicaments in routine endodontic therapy.
Anthropometric Indices and its Association with Hypertension in Indian Population: A Study from Tertiary Care Center of North India
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Madhukar Mohit , Dhoat Preeti Singh , Kaur Navdeep
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Anthropometric indices such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist hip ratio (WHR) have been used for a long time as a measure of obesity and abdominal fat and the relationship between these indices and hypertension has been well established. But these indices cannot discriminate between fat and muscle mass, leaving a greater population not categorized adequately. Recent studies have also demonstrated that not only the amount of fat but also the distribution of fat is important in hypertensive patients. So, new indices have come up through various studies to overcome this lag. The indices ABSI-Body shape index and BRI-Body roundness index are now being increasingly used to assess the risk of hypertension. Very few studies have been conducted on the Indian population in relation to this index.

Material and Methods:

The study included 700 patients with hypertension visiting the medicine outpatient department (OPD). Anthropometric indices—Height, weight, WC, HC, and WHR were calculated. The indices ABSI-Body shape index and BRI-Body roundness index were calculated as per the respective formulas. The comparison of various indices of anthropometry and hypertension was done as per the statistical analysis.

Results:

Our study concluded the positive correlation of hypertension with older as well as newer hypertensive indices.

Conclusion:

Early screening for the detection of hypertensives should be carried out to ease the disease burden and the anthropometric indices being a cost-effective and easy-to-conduct method can be used to facilitate the detection of hypertension. Appropriate lifestyle interventions should be promoted to decrease the prevalence of hypertensive patients.
A Long Term Follow-Up Study of the Reconstruction of the Oral Cavity at a Tertiary Care Center: An Original Research
Authors: Kumari Richa , Karpe Tanveer , Gahlawat Monika , Singh Sachin Dev , Kumar Abhishek , Kudagi Vishal
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

In the subcontinent of India as well as for the other nations, the most usual cancer that affects the oral cavity the “squamous cell carcinoma”. The main side effects of the intervention of the SCC are the large defect and disfigurement. This study sought to investigate the various interventions of the SCC in a designated cancer institute.

Material and Methods:

A retrospective clinical study of the records was done between 2000–2020 years. The operated cases were analysed for various patient demographics as well as the site of the lesion and number distributions. The change in the techniques and the preference flaps over the periods was noted, and the values were compared for every 5 years.

Results:

A1001 patients were treated between the intended periods. Though there were larger number of men, the variation was not significant. Common sites were floor of the mouth (FOM) and tongue. The common interventions were primary closure, soft tissue free flaps and bone flaps. The shift was seen towards the free flaps.

Conclusion:

The Free flaps were the common applications in the constructions. Bone free flaps overtook the other procedures that were commonly applied. The quality of life and the aesthetics are seen to be better with the free flaps.
A Retrospective Study on the Fracture Toughness of the Coronal Restorations in Endodontically Restored Teeth. An Original Research
Authors: Lavanya Priya Kalambur Perumal , Gill Shruti , Banik Arindam , Marvaniya Jaydip , Marella Krishnaveni , Anusha Yalamanchi , Mustafa Mohammed
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The best treatment for the deeply carious tooth that cannot be restored is by the root canal therapy. This method has saved many patients from the loss of tooth. The common practice is either to deliver a full crown or close the access cavity with restoration. Hence in this study, the clinical longevity of the routine practice is tested for by analyzing the fracture toughness and the survival of the teeth that were restored endodontically with various materials.

Materials and Methods:

The hospital records were retrospectively evaluated from 2000 to 2010 for a decade. The demographics as well as the survival and the failure rates noted and compared for the various types of the restorations. The number of the walls of the teeth was also compared.

Results:

Thousand teeth were considered in the study. Less than 7% of teeth had coronal fractures. Of the 93% teeth that had survived, the most common restoration was Individual post (+ crown) followed by GIC, amalgams, and crowns. The mean survival of the crown+ bridge & gold restoration was highest. The mean survival was 10 ± 2 years for the restored teeth without any fractures at the coronal level. The failure was greatest for the GIC followed by amalgam, and the variations when compared with other restorations were significant. There was no significant difference for the number of the walls on the crown; however, the number of walls present was proportional to the survival rate.

Conclusion:

The teeth that were covered with a crown were comparatively fracture resistant and had a better survival rate compared to other restorations. GIC showed highest fracture, and the post core with crown had the best survival. Restoration of the lost crown architecture and the reinforcement are the best methods that can be followed for the survivals.
Assessment of the Effect of Phototherapy and PRP on the Immediate Implants: An Original Research
Authors: Dewan Harisha , Jain Shailesh , Tushar  , Gupta Manoj Kumar , Billing Rumneet Kaur , Tejaswi C. Krishna
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Immediate implants have been gaining popularity in recent times. There are many adjuvant techniques that are followed before implant placement, which have recently shown hopeful results. For this reason, the current comparative study analyzes the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and photofunctionalization (PF) at a tertiary care dental hospital. In the current clinical trial, 30 subjects were grouped equally to receive immediate dental implants, with one group in which pretreatment of the extraction site was done with the auto-PRP and PF, while the control group received no pretreatment. For 12 months after the placement of the implant, the subjects were observed for alterations in the parameters. The variables analyzed were survival, esthetics, biological integration, and finally the success of the implants in each group. Values were noted and compared using the appropriate statistical tools, while keeping the level of significance at P < 0.05. For the variables of esthetics and survival, no substantial differences were observed in the PRP and PF groups. There was no difference between these experimental groups and the control group. However, there were significant differences for the biological variable as there was more marginal bone loss in the experimental groups. On the whole, the success was greater for the experimental groups than the control group, though not significant. The pretreatment protocols using PRP and PF have shown to improve some characteristics of the immediate implants in the anterior regions. However, further studies are suggested.
Assessment of the Peri-Implant Conditions for the Primary and the Repeated Abutment Placements: An Original Research
Authors: Perti Sonali , Mansuri Samir , Pilli Jyostnadevi , Kaur Amandeep , Alwithanani N , Kondreddy Kameswari
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Recurrent abutment substitutions may physically irritate the mucosal (soft tissue) barrier, which may cause additional toxic irritants and germs to enter the mucosal implant barrier and weaken the tissues surrounding implant. The creation of a “definitive abutment” may lessen the likelihood of tissue losses around the implant. Determining the characters of the peri-implant tissue after the placement of the definitive abutments and multiple abutment replacement was the goal of this study.

Materials and Procedures:

Forty missing teeth were replaced with implants in matched subjects. Parameters assessed were “distance of cement enamel junction to alveolar crest and distance of CEJ to gingival margin; bleeding on probing, Sulcus probing depth, and peri-implant marginal bone loss.” Subjects were randomly assigned for the two groups of intervention. All the measurements were documented at designated timelines and compared for the statistical variance where P < 0.05 was considered as significant.

Results:

In the control and test groups, the peri-implant marginal bone level rose from baseline to 3 months. There were no appreciable differences between the CEJ-AC and CEJ-GM groups when the clinical and radiographic parameters of each group were evaluated. Throughout all of the time points, the soft tissue borders in both groups remained comparably steady.

Conclusion:

The study’s findings suggest that using implants with definite abutments is more advantageous for obtaining better maintenance in terms of the health of the tissues that surround the implants.
Assessment of Qol among COVID-19 Patients in South India: A Tertiary Care Center Study: An Original Research
Authors: Janapareddi Sreedevi , Shankar Kiran S. , Mendiratta Mansi , Chauhan Neha , Jadhav Sachin Kumar , Jahagirdar Divya
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The COVID-19 epidemic has brought about an unparalleled health disaster and fundamentally altered people’s livelihoods. We intended to examine risk variables for “Health-Related Quality Of Life (HRQoL)” amid COVID-19 hospital discharged patients.

Materials and Techniques:

For this cross-sectional study, 1000 discharged patients who tested positive at the tertiary care center before January 2022 were included. The HRQoL was measured using a 5-level EuroQoL survey. The complete health state was evaluated using an Indian value set. The correlation of HRQoL and the clinical, sociodemographic parameters were investigated using appropriate statistical tools. Finally, regression model was utilized to identify all factors that predict the HRQoL dimensions.

Results:

It was found that 55% of patients said they had moderate or serious health issues. Forty percent of respondents said they had felt moderate-to-severe pain or discomfort, compared to 41% who said they had anxiety or sadness. The outcome of the logistic regression demonstrated the substantial influencers were “age, gender, occupation, location of care, heart conditions, and diabetes” on several HRQoL aspects.

Conclusion:

The COVID-19 dramatically worsens the patients’ physical and mental health conditions. Therefore, the government and policymakers must develop comprehensive ways to lessen the patients’ mental and physical health problems.
A Novel Indigenously Developed Device to Measure Bite Force
Authors: Ranjan Madhu , Singh Bishnupati , Chatterjee Ujjal , Tushar  , Sinha Dharmendra K. , Verma Abhishek
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

In stomatology, the evaluation of bite power is crucial. It is considered a significant objective approach to evaluating masticatory performance. Bite force has become a significant outcome analysis index for various therapies in dentistry research. Presently several devices being used globally have their graces and faults. They are costly and also not available easily to the general dental practitioner.

Objectives:

Development of a novel indigenous instrument for the measurement of human bite force.

Methods:

This paper describes an indigenously developed and researched instrument to measure human bite force. The sensor data (change in electronic resistance under applied force) will be read by the microprocessor and converted to force values in newton. The bite force result will be instantly displayed on the screen of the instrument and the device with which it is connected.

Results:

The developed instrument is handy and user-friendly and can measure bite force accurately and repeatedly.

Conclusions:

In this research paper, an economical, lightweight, user-friendly, accurate, and reproducible human bite force measurement device is explained, which has been developed indigenously.
Assessment of Odontometric and Osteologic Traits for Gender Determination in South Indians: An Original Research
Authors: Kumar G. Jeevan , Suresh D , Kulkarni Manisha M. , Varma Praveen K. , Kohli Arshdeep Singh , Ahmed Mohammed M. M.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

In forensic, odontologic, genetic, and anthropological aspects, odontometric and osteologic features have long been a valuable source. The goal of this research was to correlate both the osteologic and odontometric characteristics to determine the most accurate approach for determining gender. A retrospective study involving 1000 adults, with equal gender distribution, was carried out utilizing digital panoramic radiography. The archives were searched for radiographic images of the subjects that were procured for the various procedures that ranged from implantations to rehabilitations. The measurement process was carried out with Image-Pro. There was a noticeable gender difference in the mesodistal breadth, which ranged from 17 to 47. Asymmetry of the lower jaw was considerable in both genders, as was gender variance in osseologic characteristics including ramus diameter and gonial angle. The two groups of attributes exhibited a substantial positive predictive value and thus can be used indetermining gender.
Evaluation of the Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potential Response among New Borns Post-Recovery after Hyper-Bilirubinemia: An Original Research
Authors: Dolma Kunzes , Thekkethil Jathin Sam , Paul Anish G. , Rao P. Srinivas Narasinga , Parikh Taral , Somaraj Vinej
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Neurological harm from neonatal hyperbilirubinemia includes loss of hearing and encephalopathy. The current research used the “Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA)” test to screen for as well as assess hearing loss in newborns who had recovered from hyperbilirubinemia.

Materials and Procedures:

A cross-sectional comparative investigation was conducted at a tertiary care center. Fifty neonates were included out of which 25 were healthy and 25 received treatment for the increased bilirubin. Prior to BERA testing, the subjects’ ears were examined for any obstruction. Following a conventional lab procedure described, the BERA recordings were carried out after the neonate fell asleep on its own. The data collected were compared for the significance using the ANOVA, keeping P < 0.05 as significant.

Results:

In comparison to the controls, a large proportion of neonates in cases had BERA wave latencies that were delayed (I-R = 80, L = 84; III- R = 76, L = 84; V- R = 84, L = 88 percentages latencies). The percentage of subjects in whom the latencies was noted for the healthy neonates was lesser than the case group (I-R = 8, L = 24; III- R = 8, L = 8; V- R = 4, L = 12 percentages latencies). Comparable numbers of infants in each group had inter-peak latencies that were lengthy. Subjects in the case group showed that the threshold hearing as per the WHO grade was mild (R = 32, L = 36) and moderate (R = 32, L = 28).

Conclusion:

Elevated serum bilirubin may cause damage to hearing capability. After hyperbilirubinemia has been completely treated, BERA can detect even the slightest degree of hearing damage. BERA is therefore a useful technique for the quick recognition of hearing impairment in newborns. Early treatment helps in the prognosis so that the neurosensory systems can fully mature, and the patient can lead a quality life.
Mental Health Status of Health Care Professionals Working in Public and Private Sectors in Visakhapatnam: A Cross-Section Study
Authors: Tiwari Heena D. , Pandya Apurva K. , Salunkhe Rajkiran , Maliyil Mathew J. , Nelson Anish , Varma Praveen K. , Tiwari Rahul V. C. , Parhad Priyanka
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The material that is currently available on the psychological issues that doctors deal with is restricted to a few national surveys and certain particular hospital surveys. The motive of the current study was to define the mental health status of medical as well as surgical professionals working in the public and private sectors of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Methodology:

A self-reported questionnaire survey was used in an observational cross-sectional study to appraise the mental health state of both private and public medical practitioners. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) by William C. Menninger was applied.

Results:

The majority of study participants experienced psychological anguish, showing a substantial difference in the total level of psychological distress. When the Wellinger’s Distress and the Kesslers Distress tools were compared, it was found that there was a substantial difference for all the variables taken into account in the current study, including gender, experience, marital status, children, and occupation, designation, and sector of work.

Conclusion:

Stress and burnout were more prevalent among medical specialists with lower yearly income, young ages, and fewer years of practice. Clinicians and policymakers must be proactive in creating programes that help healthcare professionals cope with stress and burnout.
Comparison of Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes among COVID-Positive Pregnant Women Affected in Second and Third Waves in a Dedicated COVID Hospital in Amritsar
Authors: Kaur Jagdeep , Grover Suparna , Bhanupriya S. B. , Kaur Amrit P.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

With the emergence of new mutated variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), we have witnessed three waves of coronavirus disease (COVID) with varying severity, complication, and outcome in Punjab. The physiological changes of pregnancy make mother more vulnerable for severe infection. Current study is aimed at comparison of maternal and neonatal outcomes of COVID-positive pregnant women in second and third waves.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective observational single-center study conducted at a dedicated COVID hospital in Punjab, India. Records of all COVID-positive pregnant women admitted from January to June 2021 and from January to February 2022 were reviewed. The demographic details, severity of symptoms, maternal and fetal complications, outcomes, and mortality were noted.

Results:

There were 220 COVID-positive pregnant patients in the second wave and 65 in third wave. The majority of patients belonged to the age group of 20–34 years (57.73% in the second wave and 70.77% in the third wave). Maternal deaths and severity of disease increased with increasing age of the mother, that is, 6.7% in <35 years and 13.95% in >35 years age group (RR = 2.058, P value = 0.1248). Also, the maternal deaths increased with increasing parity (RR = 2.00, P value = 0.2380). The majority of the study subjects were in the third trimester, with 77.73% in the second wave and 90.77% in the third wave. The majority of the patients in both the waves were asymptomatic or had mild symptoms. In the COVID second wave, 10.91% pregnant patients had moderate COVID symptoms and 8.18% had severe COVID symptoms, whereas none presented with moderate or severe symptoms in the third wave. Eighteen maternal deaths (8.18%) were seen during the COVID second wave, whereas no maternal death occurred in the third COVID wave. 100% of these deaths were because of COVID. Need of oxygen supplementation and intensive care unit admission had statistically significant association with maternal mortality.

Conclusion:

In the third COVID wave, the morbidity and mortality were significantly reduced. This could be a result of wide-spread vaccination, new strain of COVID, or both. In spite of this, the pregnancy complications such as pre-term birth, IUGR, and IUD were significant. Hence, pregnancies complicated by COVID should be considered as a high risk and closely monitored.
Periodontal Diseases and Heart Diseases: A Systemic Review
Authors: Alwithanani Naif
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Up to 50% of people worldwide are affected by periodontal disease (PD); cardiovascular diseases are a serious concern for the major portion of the world’s population. Observational data have shown a connection between PD and CVD. The current systemic review investigates the incidence of the CVD in individuals with PD through various designs of the previous research.

Materials and Methods:

An extensive online search in the various databanks of EMBASE, Medline, Pubmed, and Scopus was conducted. The keywords searched were: “PD, CVD, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke; technique of diagnosis and the degree of PD were assessed clinically or by self-report.” The studies selected were longitudinal research design and randomized trials. To ascertain the risk of mortality due to cardiac issues in periodontal diseases, meta-analysis, and meta-regression were carried out. The diagnosis techniques for periodontal diseases, severity, and impact of gender, were also examined.

Results:

After full-text screening, 32 longitudinal cohort studies were included. PD patients had a significantly greater risk of CVD than non-PD patients (RR: 1.20). Clinical and self-reported PD diagnoses did not differ in CVD risk (RR = 0.97). Men were at increased risk for both severe PD (RR: 1.25), and CVD (RR: 1.16). The risk of stroke was the highest among all forms of CVD (RR = 1.24), and the risk of CHD was significantly elevated (RR = 1.14).

Conclusion:

Current review showed that populations with PD consistently and modestly have an elevated risk of CVD. Men and those with severe PD are at higher CVD risk, which suggests population-targeted therapies may be helpful.
Effect of Copper Nanoparticles on the Flexural Strength of Heat Polymerized Acrylic Resin
Authors: Venkatachalapathy Sriram , Chander Gopi N. , Reddy J Ramesh , Muthukumar Balasubramaniam
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the flexural strength of heat cure acrylic resin reinforced with varying concentration copper nanoparticles. The study followed ISO 20795-1-2013 guidelines for estimating the flexural strength. Hundred samples of heat cure acrylic resin of dimension were fabricated. The study had five groups and each group had 20 samples. The samples were grouped as per the concentration of copper (Cu) nanoparticles in acrylic. Three-point bending flexural strength was evaluated with universal testing machine. The load was directed at the midpoint of the sample at a cross-sectional speed of 5 mm/min. The fractured load was recorded and flexural strength was estimated. The data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance and the post hoc test. The results displayed improved flexural strength in lower Cu concentrations. The increase in flexural strength was observed in 1% (78.38 MPa), 2% (73.08 MPa), and 3% (73.08 MPa) of Cu nanoparticles and it decreased beyond 3% increase in Cu nanoparticles. The tests were statistically insignificant (P <.05). The results concluded that the optimal concentration of Cu nanoparticles to be reinforced with heat cure PMMA is 1 gm. The flexural strength decreased with an increase in concentration of Cu nanoparticles.
Dentists’ Utilization of Caries Risk Assessment and Individualized Caries Prevention Methods in Pediatric Patients in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Asali Ammar T. , Pullishery Fawaz , Taneja Vani , Wajih Hadil I. A. , Basrawi Duna J. Z. , Alrashid Alaa A. S. , Alogaly Dana A. A. , Gaya Ruqayya I. A. , Elnawawy Mohamed S. A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The first step in any complete oral health care plan for a child is a thorough caries risk assessment (CRA). This study aimed to investigate whether the practice dentists in Saudi Arabia’s Western province do CRA methods and offer Individualized Caries Prevention (ICP) to their pediatric patients.

Material and Methods:

Dentists in active clinical practice in the Western province of Saudi Arabia were the participants of this cross-sectional survey. The participants in this study were chosen using a simple random sampling technique. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used to gather participants’ responses.

Results:

A majority (88.2%) of the dentists agreed that it is very important to practice CRA on a regular basis among their pediatric patients. About 67% of dentists employed Individualized Caries Prevention methods. No statistically significant correlation was observed between ICP and CRA factors, indicating that interventions primarily focused on patients’ financial affordability.

Conclusion:

Dentists should encourage parents/caregivers to establish a dental home concept at the earliest, which includes CRA, education, and anticipatory guidance on the prevention of oral diseases.
Awareness and Attitude of Dental Practitioners on Impact of Music Therapy on Patients Anxiety Level during Various Types of Dental Treatments
Authors: Mitra Mayukh , Panda Abikshyeet , Kumar Harish , Mishra Pallavi , Adhikary Tamanna , Bhattacharyya Arnab
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Music therapy plays an important role in reducing the anxiety of patients during various procedures of dental treatments. Dental practitioners should also be aware of the employment of music therapy on patients before various dental treatments to reduce dental anxiety and the feasibility of its implementation in regular dental practice. A questionnaire study was conducted regarding the awareness and attitude of dental practitioners on the impact of music therapy on dental patients, to which 305 participants responded. A comparison was made between the Undergraduates, Postgraduates, Faculties, Interns, and Private practitioners. They were also asked about the drawbacks associated with music therapy. There was a level of agreement amongst participants regarding the awareness of music therapy. But there was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.011) noted across groups. The majority of the participants agreed that it could be incorporated into a regular dental practice as a stress management procedure.
Therapeutic Use of Anti-Sclerostin Antibody in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ngomdir Liza , Bharathwaj V V , Nimmy P , Sindhu R , Dhamodhar Dinesh , Sathiyapriya S , Prabu D , RajMohan M
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Multiple myeloma is a malignant cancerous condition that is characterized by abnormal plasma cell production and can lead to bone destruction due to increased osteoclastic activity and decreased osteoblastic activity. Many therapeutic therapies are used to treat diseases, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In recent years, anti-sclerostin antibody treatment has been under investigation for its effect on the multiple myeloma. The present study was conducted to assess the effective therapeutic use of anti-sclerostin antibody in the treatment of multiple myeloma. The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed Central using the following MeSH terms: “multiple myeloma”, “anti-sclerostin antibody”, “ubiquitin-proteasome pathway”, “proteasome inhibitor”, “Wnt pathway”. A total of 348 articles were screened. Twenty-five out of 348 were full-text articles assessed for eligibility, and four articles were used in this systematic review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used for the reporting of this systematic review. A total of four randomized control trials (RCT) were included and used in this systematic review. The anti-sclerostin antibodies were various other drugs, and it was found that the anti-sclerostin antibody was effective in preventing autoantibody formation, decreasing bone destruction, and increasing trabecular bone. Anti-sclerostin antibody was found to be effective in decreasing bone destruction by reducing osteoclastic activity and increasing osteoblastic activity associated with multiple myeloma.
Assessment of the Impact of Commonly used Beverages on Durability of Suture Materials: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Das Asutosh , Lahiri Banibrata , Singh Praveen Kumar , Kumari Deesha , Mishra Debasish , Bhushan Purnendu
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The current study was conducted to evaluate the influence of frequently ingested beverages on the stability of suture materials.

Materials and Methods:

This research comprised of two kinds of chromic catgut, polyglactin 910 (4-0) absorbable suture materials. Every specimen was subjected to tying using a square surgeon’s knot. Subsequent to pretensioning, 80 suture samples (40 of every material) were employed in this research. Every specimen was subjected to immersion in artificial saliva to replicate the oral atmosphere. Specimens were sunken in the acidic drink (Coca Cola) and tea for 10 min every day. Tensile strengths of the suture specimens were subjected to test at particular time periods: before immersion and 1, 7, and 14 days after immersion. Tensile strength evaluation of the suture specimens was performed employing the microtensile tester at a cross-head speed of 2.0 mm/60 s.

Results:

When subjected to exposure to acidic beverages, the tensile strength of chromic catgut suture before immersing was 25.14 ± 0.16, 25.02 ± 0.08 on the first day, 16.34 ± 0.23 on the seventh day, and 9.18 ± 0.28 on the fourteenth day. When the suture substance made contact with tea, the tensile strength before immersing was 24.48 ± 0.02, 24.14 ± 0.16 on the first day, 18.26 ± 0.11 on the seventh day, and 12.39 ± 0.14 on the fourteenth day. When subjected to exposure to acidic beverages, the tensile strength of polyglactin 910 sutures before immersing was 25.21 ± 0.02, 25.08 ± 0.01 on the first day, 18.12 ± 0.06 on the seventh day, and 10.06 ± 0.32 on the fourteenth day. When the suture substance made contact with tea, the tensile strength before immersing was 25.02 ± 0.14, 24.96 ± 0.04 on the first day, 20.48 ± 0.18 on the seventh day, and 14.10 ± 0.08 on the fourteenth day. The differences between the groups were statistically significant.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, polyglactin 910 exhibited a maintained strength superior than chromic catgut sutures subsequent to 14 days.
An Analysis of Gender Differences and Assessment of Oral Health Status among the General Population Residing in Kanyakumari District: A Pathfinding Scientific Study
Authors: Gousalya V. , Prabu D. , Sindhu R. , Dhamodhar Dinesh , Mohan M. Raj , Bharathwaj V. V. , Priya Sathiya , Elakiya S.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence oral health status among the general population residing in Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India.

Materials and Method:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the general public of index age groups to analyze the oral health status in the Kanyakumari district. A total number of 400 samples were selected and were equally divided among urban (200 samples) and rural areas (200 samples). The samples were further divided randomly based on the index age groups 5, 12, 15, 35–44, and 65–74 years using the multistage random sampling method. The data regarding oral health status was recorded using the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) Oral Health Assessment Form 2013 and 1997. Collected data were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-squared test.

Results:

The prevalence of periodontal diseases (88.75%) was found to be highest in Kanyakumari district, followed by dental caries (63.7%) and malocclusion (63.1%). There was a statistically significant difference found between oral health status and index age groups.

Conclusion:

Oral disorders such as dental caries, periodontitis, and dental fluorosis are more prevalent among the Kanyakumari district population. Oral health policies should be targeted to the populations in the Tamil Nadu region.
Gingival Biotypes and its Relation to Biologic Width, Alveolar Bone Thickness, Dehiscence and Fenestration in Mandibular Anterior Region: A CBCT Analysis Study
Authors: Albughaylil Abdulrahman Shaya , Sayed Arshad Jamal , Alsoli Mona Abdulmohsen , Almutairi Mohammed Mutni , Mohsin Syed Fareed , Shaikh Safia Shoeb , Alsaykhan Khalid Ali , Albulayhid Ibrahim Abdulaziz
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Gingival biotype and its relationship to biologic width and alveolar bone thickness may affect surgical periodontal therapy outcomes. Hence, it is vital to assess the gingival biotype prior to any of these treatments for its success.

Aim:

The study aims to compare the thick and thin gingival biotype in the mandibular anterior region concerning biologic width, buccal bone thickness, prevalence and distribution of dehiscence, and fenestration in lower anterior teeth.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 30 patients were selected for the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Cone Beam Computed Tomography analysis was performed in the mandibular anterior area to assess gingival thickness (biotype), biologic width, buccal bone thickness, dehiscence, and fenestrations. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. An independent t-test was used to assess the relationship between the variables.

Results:

Our study identified an increased biologic width in the thick gingival biotype, a higher frequency of dehiscence in the thin gingival biotype than in the thick biotype, and a greater mean alveolar bone thickness in the thick biotype group.

Conclusion:

A statistical difference was not observed between the groups; however, the thick biotype showed better results than the thinner biotype for the periodontal parameters examined.
Synthesis and Characterization of Naringin Functionalized Nano-Hydroxyapatite for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Rajula M. Prem B. , Narayanan Vivek , Venkatasubbu G. Devanand , Prema D. , Ravishankar P. L. , Mani Rekha
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Bone is a unique nanocomposite tissue composed of organic and inorganic materials. Bone grafting is a common surgical method used to improve bone regeneration in dentistry and orthopedic surgery. Because standard therapies have substantial drawbacks, nanomaterials provide alternative options for bone repair. Owing to its high bioactivity, osteoconductivity, biocompatibility, and topography that matches the architecture of real bone, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (n-HA) are commonly used in bone treatment. We report here the synthesis and characterization of Naringin (NA) functionalized n-HA using HRTEM, FTIR, XRD, and UV-visible spectroscopy. The obtained results indicated that the n-HA can be functionalized with Naringin and they might be used as a bone regenerative material in medical and dental fields.
A Study on Speech Analysis in Acquired Maxillary Defect Patients Treated with Maxillary Obturator
Authors: Bhushan Purnendu , Raj Kavita , Hota Sadananda , Mishra Debasish , Raut Anjana , Mohanty Arun K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of the present study was to assess the speech analysis in acquired maxillary defect patients treated with maxillary obturator.

Materials and Methods:

Total of 16 patients were considered in the study. The age group of these patients ranged from 40 to 75 years with a mean age of 59.5 years, irrespective of their gender. The surgical obturator was fabricated using self-cure acrylic. The surgical obturator was delivered immediately after surgery. After a healing period of about 2 weeks, the surgical obturator was replaced by an interim prosthesis. This was processed with the help of heat-cure polymethylmethacrylate. The total number of patients was divided into two groups, namely, (A) Definitive obturator group and (B) Interim obturator group. The speech intelligibility (SI), was analyzed.

Results:

The mean scores for SI before prosthesis in definitive and interim groups were 19.13 ± 3.22 and 19.87 ± 1.72, respectively. This was increased after prosthesis insertion to 24.38 ± 1.30 and 22.37 ± 1.18, which further increased after adaptation period of 2 months to 28.75 ± 1.28 and 24.62 ± 1.59 in two groups.

Conclusion:

The present study concluded that speech was severely affected by maxillary resection and that rehabilitation with maxillary obturator was successful in restoring these aspects of speech.
Role of Dentofacial Harmony among Young and Old Adult Females in Smile Perception of Dental Specialists and Laypeople: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Manchikalapudi Githanjali , Basapogu Sreeramulu
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The purpose of this study was to determine whether balance and harmony of the face, when seen as a whole, alter the smile perception as compared to a lone standing smile in female subjects of two age groups and to identify parameters of dental composition and dentofacial harmony associated with the smile perception of dental specialists (DS) and laypeople (LP).

Settings and Design:

A cross-sectional study.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-nine DS and 29 LP scored the smile attractiveness of 84 full-face images (FFIs) and corresponding smile images (SIs) of young adults (YA: 20–29 years) and old adults (OA: 50–59 years), using the Visual Analogue Scale. Smile analysis software (Planmeca Romexis®Smile-Design) was used to measure 10 parameters of dental composition and dentofacial harmony in FFI.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Independent t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) were used to analyze the data.

Results:

A significant difference was not seen between the smile attractiveness scores of FFI and SI in both raters and age groups. Significant differences were observed between DS and LP in the YA group. The OA group was rated significantly higher than the YA group. The correlation between smile attractiveness scores and each of the nine dentofacial parameters was not significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Framing of images did not significantly alter smile perception. FFI received higher scores than SI, and raters were more critical of the YA group. Professional training of raters and an interplay of smile and facial attractiveness of the female subjects contributed to the smile perception of raters. No parameters of dental composition or dentofacial harmony significantly associated with smile attractiveness were identified.
Effect of Asfotase Alfa in the Treatment of Hypophosphatasia- A Systematic Review
Authors: Jaswanthi N , Sindhu R , Nimmy P , Prabu D , RajMohan M , Bharathwaj VV , Dhamodhar Dinesh , Sathiyapriya S
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a life-threatening disease that occurs due to the mutation of the TNSALP (Tissue nonspecific isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase) encoding gene. There is no approved treatment for Hypophosphatasia. Therefore, the only effective treatment for HPP is enzyme replacement therapy using the drug asfotase alfa which increases the patient’s life span. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of asfotase alfa (enzyme replacement therapy) in treating HPP. A Literature search was done using PubMed, Google scholar, science direct, and Wiley LILACS utilizing MeSH keywords such as – Hypophosphatasia and asfotase alfa. A total of 411 articles were screened, of which four articles were taken for this qualitative analysis. Reporting of this systematic review is done by using PRISMA guidelines. Asfotase alfa/enzyme replacement therapy is examined on patients with different age groups and on congenital HPP patients to assess the effectiveness of HPP treatment. Enzyme replacement therapy using asfotase alfa is an effective and assured treatment for infants, children, and adults suffering from HPP.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Self-Perceived Halitosis among Undergraduate University Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mezied Maha S. , Al Bouri Dalal , Al Omani Ahad , Al Ramadhan Ghadeer , Al Bootie Sara , Barakat Ali , Koppolu Pradeep
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The present cross-sectional observational study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of halitosis among undergraduate university students at Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:

A survey of 301 participants who answered a questionnaire on their self-perceived halitosis was undertaken.

Results:

The response rate was 35% (301/863). Of the total, 54.5% of participants reported that they had experienced halitosis. A majority of participants (61.4%) responded to having experienced an unpleasant bad taste in the morning when they woke up, with most participants (42.4%) stating that their breath was the worst early in the morning. A majority of respondents (59.6%) reported that they were aware of their condition. Only 27% of the respondents stated that they had admitted to having undergone an examination for bad breath from their dentist, and 22.9% of the respondents reported that they had undergone an examination for conditions associated with bad breath. The measures used to reduce the condition were evenly distributed, with approximately one-third using mouthwash (34.6%), gum/mentos (38.3%), and toothpaste (27.2%).

Conclusion:

The incidence of self-perceived halitosis that was revealed in the current study is normal compare to others studies. It is unrelated to age and sex. Non-usage of dental floss, no use of mouthwash, and smoking, on the other hand, were shown to be associated with self-perceived halitosis. Furthermore, tongue cleaning was not linked to introspection halitosis. Halitosis may be also due to underlying systemic conditions. Hence it is necessary to evaluate the condition’s prevalence and examine the relationship with other etiological variables with halitosis in our country.
Comparison of Surface Topography Changes from Conventional Metal Brackets and Self-Ligating Metal Brackets after Immersion in Three Different Mouthwashes using Atomic Force Microscopy: An in vitro Study
Authors: Thulasiram S. R. Sakthivel Ram , Chandrasekharan Deepak , Angrish Nidhi , Krithika A , Praveen Katepogu , Deenadayalan P
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

In orthodontics, the surface roughness and corrosion behavior due to metal ion releases in orthodontic brackets and archwires affect the effectiveness of tooth movement. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can provide three-dimensional information measurements which are used to evaluate the quantitative analysis of the surface changes of orthodontic brackets. Stainless steel orthodontic brackets and wires can release metal ions which lead to corrosion when exposed to various types of mouthwash.

Aim:

The main aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the surface changes from conventional metal brackets and self-ligating metal brackets after immersion in three different mouthwashes.

Materials and Methods:

Sixteen conventional metal brackets and sixteen metal self-ligating brackets were evenly grouped and immersed in deionized water, chlorhexidine mouthwash, herbal mouthwash, and betadine mouthwash for seven days and the surface changes were evaluated using nondestructive AFM.

Results:

The surface roughness was evaluated at 30 μm and the results showed that more surface roughness was observed P < 0.05 in betadine mouthwash groups and followed by herbal mouthwash and least in chlorhexidine mouthwash.

Conclusion:

Based on the AFM results, the surface changes were more pronounced in both groups which were immersed in betadine and herbal mouthwash than others and the choice of mouthwash should be considered before prescribing to the patients.
CBCT Evaluation of Lingual Foramen and its Anatomic Variations in Northeast Indian Population
Authors: Verma Saumya , Krishna Koppula Sri , Srishti  , Shalini Kumari , Kumari Sarita , Sinha Gunjan
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The identification of nearby neurovascular structures is a vital part of dental implant treatment planning. Commonly two implants are placed in the mandibular inter foraminal region to support the overdenture. Placing dental implants in this region is considered relatively safe. The purpose of this study was to employ cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) on a representative sample of Northeast Indians to find out the location and distribution of lingual foramen in the anterior mandible.

Study Design:

A total of 104 CBCT scans were performed using the Cranex 3D CBCT system. Three Oral and Maxillofacial Radiologists agreed on a visibility grade for assessing the lingual foramen using a 3-point scale. The number and presence of foramina were noted. On cross-sectional pictures, the distance in millimeters between the crest of the alveolar ridge and the superior cortical margin of the foramen was determined. Furthermore, the analysis of the distribution of lingual foramina in terms of frequency and percentages was performed.

Results:

Scan results showed that the lingual foramen was clearly visible in 65.4% of cases, somewhat visible in 12.5% of scans, and not visible at all in 22.1% of cases. Half of the people in the study had two foramina, whereas 27.9 percent had one and 22.1 percent had none. The mean distance from the crest of the alveolar ridge was 10.84 mm in males whereas 9.91 mm in females

Conclusion:

The Northeast Indian population exhibits an unusually high prevalence of lingual foramen in the anterior portion of the mandible. This research will aid in the precise pre-operative identification of the position and number of lingual foramina prior to surgical treatments involving the midline of the mandible.
Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs Among Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients in Jodhpur, Rajasthan
Authors: Shaktawat Neha , Manzoor Minha , Khan Nazish , Dar Ajaz A. , Bhati Rajendra S. , Biswas Arpan
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by periodic and repetitive partial or complete collapse of the upper airway during sleep, resulting in reduced ventilation (hypopnea) or absent ventilation (apnea).

Materials and Methods:

The present study was conducted on 100 adult OSA patients attending hospitals of Jodhpur and the dental clinic in Vyas Dental College and Hospital in Jodhpur city. The sample consisted of 65.0% males and 35.0% females, belonging to 18 years ≥60 years of age with a mean age of 47.61 ± 8.53.

Results:

In our study, we have used AHI for the assessment of OSA, the major significant association (P = 0.001) was seen between AHI and periodontitis. The finding suggest that the prevalence of periodontitis is greater among patient with OSA with almost 39 patients with AHI value between 11to15 having loss of attachment between 4 mm ≥8 mm.

Conclusion:

Obstructive sleep apnea is acting as a significant risk factor for major Dental diseases. The study concludes that there was a significant association found between oral health status and OSA patients.