bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smart Data Collection for the Assessment of Treatment Effects in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Observational Study
Authors: Weerts Zsa Zsa R M , Heinen Koert G E , Masclee Ad A M , Quanjel Amber B A , Winkens Bjorn , Vork Lisa , Rinkens Paula E L M , Jonkers Daisy M A E , Keszthelyi Daniel
Published: October 2020

Background

End-of-day symptom diaries are recommended by drug regulatory authorities to assess treatment response in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. We developed a smartphone app to measure treatment response.

Objective

Because the employment of an app to measure treatment response in irritable bowel syndrome is relatively new, we aimed to explore patients’ adherence to diary use and characteristics associated with adherence.

Methods

A smartphone app was developed to serve as a symptom diary. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (based on Rome IV criteria) were instructed to fill out end-of-day diary questionnaires during an 8-week treatment. Additional online questionnaires assessed demographics, irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity, and psychosocial comorbidities. Adherence rate to the diary was defined as the percentage of days completed out of total days. Adherence to the additional web-based questionnaires was also assessed.

Results

Overall, 189 patients were included (age: mean 34.0 years, SD 13.3 years; female: 147/189, 77.8%; male: 42/189, 22.2%). The mean adherence rate was 87.9% (SD 9.4%). However, adherence to the diary decreased over time (P<.001). No significant association was found between adherence and gender (P=.84), age (P=.22), or education level (lower education level: P=.58, middle education level: P=.46, versus high education level), while higher anxiety scores were associated with lower adherence (P=.03). Adherence to the online questionnaires was also high (>99%). Missing data due to technical issues were limited.

Conclusions

The use of a smartphone app as a symptom diary to assess treatment response resulted in high patient adherence. The data-collection framework described led to standardized data collection with excellent completeness and can be used for future randomized controlled trials. Due to the slight decrease in adherence to diary use throughout the study, this method might be less suitable for longer trials.
The Analgesic Effect of Electroencephalographic Neurofeedback for People With Chronic Pain: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hesam-Shariati Negin , Chang Wei-Ju , McAuley James H , Booth Andrew , Trost Zina , Lin Chin-Teng , Newton-John Toby , Gustin Sylvia M
Published: October 2020

Background

Chronic pain is a global health problem, affecting around 1 in 5 individuals in the general population. The understanding of the key role of functional brain alterations in the generation of chronic pain has led researchers to focus on pain treatments that target brain activity. Electroencephalographic neurofeedback attempts to modulate the power of maladaptive electroencephalography frequency powers to decrease chronic pain. Although several studies have provided promising evidence, the effect of electroencephalographic neurofeedback on chronic pain is uncertain.

Objective

This systematic review aims to synthesize the evidence from randomized controlled trials to evaluate the analgesic effect of electroencephalographic neurofeedback. In addition, we will synthesize the findings of nonrandomized studies in a narrative review.

Methods

We will apply the search strategy in 5 electronic databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, and CINAHL) for published studies and in clinical trial registries for completed unpublished studies. We will include studies that used electroencephalographic neurofeedback as an intervention for people with chronic pain. Risk-of-bias tools will be used to assess methodological quality of the included studies. We will include randomized controlled trials if they have compared electroencephalographic neurofeedback with any other intervention or placebo control. The data from randomized controlled trials will be aggregated to perform a meta-analysis for quantitative synthesis. The primary outcome measure is pain intensity assessed by self-report scales. Secondary outcome measures include depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep quality measured by self-reported questionnaires. We will investigate the studies for additional outcomes addressing adverse effects and resting-state electroencephalography analysis. Additionally, all types of nonrandomized studies will be included for a narrative synthesis. The intended and unintended effects of nonrandomized studies will be extracted and summarized in a descriptive table.

Results

Ethics approval is not required for a systematic review, as there will be no patient involvement. The search for this systematic review commenced in July 2020, and we expect to publish the findings in early 2021.

Conclusions

This systematic review will provide recommendations for researchers and health professionals, as well as people with chronic pain, about the evidence for the analgesic effect of electroencephalographic neurofeedback.

Trial Registration

International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42020177608; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=177608

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/22821
Evolution of Bystander Intention to Perform Resuscitation Since Last Training: Web-Based Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Regard Simon , Rosa Django , Suppan Mélanie , Giangaspero Chiara , Larribau Robert , Niquille Marc , Sarasin François , Suppan Laurent
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have higher survival rates and more favorable neurological outcomes when basic life support (BLS) maneuvers are initiated quickly after collapse. Although more than half of OHCAs are witnessed, BLS is infrequently provided, thereby worsening the survival and neurological prognoses of OHCA victims. According to the theory of planned behavior, the probability of executing an action is strongly linked to the intention of performing it. This intention is determined by three distinct dimensions: attitude, subjective normative beliefs, and control beliefs. We hypothesized that there could be a decrease in one or more of these dimensions even shortly after the last BLS training session.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to measure the variation of the three dimensions of the intention to perform resuscitation according to the time elapsed since the last first-aid course.

METHODS

Between January and April 2019, the two largest companies delivering first-aid courses in the region of Geneva, Switzerland sent invitation emails on our behalf to people who had followed a first-aid course between January 2014 and December 2018. Participants were asked to answer a set of 17 psychometric questions based on a 4-point Likert scale (“I don’t agree,” “I partially agree,” “I agree,” and “I totally agree”) designed to assess the three dimensions of the intention to perform resuscitation. The primary outcome was the difference in each of these dimensions between participants who had followed a first-aid course less than 6 months before taking the questionnaire and those who took the questionnaire more than 6 months and up to 5 years after following such a course. Secondary outcomes were the change in each dimension using cutoffs at 1 year and 2 years, and the change regarding each individual question using cutoffs at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Univariate and multivariable linear regression were used for analyses.

RESULTS

A total of 204 surveys (76%) were analyzed. After adjustment, control beliefs was the only dimension that was significantly lower in participants who took the questionnaire more than 6 months after their last BLS course (P<.001). Resisting diffusion of responsibility, a key element of subjective normative beliefs, was also less likely in this group (P=.001). By contrast, members of this group were less afraid of disease transmission (P=.03). However, fear of legal action was higher in this group (P=.02).

CONCLUSIONS

Control beliefs already show a significant decrease 6 months after the last first-aid course. Short interventions should be designed to restore this dimension to its immediate postcourse state. This could enhance the provision of BLS maneuvers in cases of OHCA.
Widespread closure of HIV prevention and care services places youth at higher risk during the COVID-19 epidemic (Preprint)
Authors: Stephenson Rob , Walsh Alison , Chavanduka Tanaka , Sallabank Gregory , Horvath Keith , Castel Amanda , Hightow-Weidman Lisa , Bauermesiter Jose , Sullivan Patrick
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Central to measuring the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on HIV is understanding the role of loss of access to essential HIV prevention and care services created by clinic and community-based organization closures.

OBJECTIVE

In this paper, we use data from a large, randomized controlled trial for adolescent GBMSM aged 13-18 to map HIV prevention services in four corridors of the US heavily impacted by HIV

METHODS

We identified and mapped LGBTQ+ friendly services offering at least one of the following HIV-related services: HIV testing; STI testing, PrEP/PEP; HIV treatment and care; other HIV-related services in 109 counties across four major interstate corridors heavily affected by HIV (US Census regions: Pacific (San Francisco, CA to San Diego, CA; 14 counties); South-Atlantic (Washington, DC to Atlanta, GA; 57 counties).

RESULTS

There were a total of 831 LGBTQ+ youth-friendly HIV service providers across the 109 counties. There was a range of LGBTQ+ youth-friendly HIV-service provider availability across counties (range: 0-14.33 per 10,000 youth aged 13-24 (IQR: 2.13), median: 1.09); 9 (8.26%) analyzed counties did not have any LGBTQ+ youth-friendly HIV service providers. The Pearson correlation coefficient for the correlation between county HIV prevalence and LGBTQ+ youth-friendly HIV service provider density was 0.16 (p=0.09), suggesting only a small, non-statistically significant linear relationship between a county’s available LGBTQ+ youth-friendly HIV service providers and their HIV burden.

CONCLUSIONS

As the COVID-19 epidemic continues, we must find novel, affordable ways to continue to provide sexual health, mental health and support services to LGBTQ+ youth.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
Location–Allocation Model Applied to Urban Public Services: Spatial Analysis of Fire Stations in Mysore Urban Area Karnataka, India
Authors: Tali Javaid Ahmad , S Divya , Nusrath Asima
Published: October 2020

Prevention of fire occurrence is one of the most disturbing problems which damages life and properties to a great extent. Location-allocation model has been applied to find out the parts of the city having poor coverage. Potential sites were recommended wherefrom all demand points will be covered within a predefined impedance cutoff of time of five minutes as per the norms of Standard Fire Advisory Council (SFAC). The available sites to set up a fire station were identified using land use and land cover map that has been prepared from Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) were from agricultural land, wasteland land, follow land having an area greater than 3 hectares were given as candidate (potential) sites. Within the travel time of five minutes the result indicates that 66.45 percent of the city population in the Southeast and Southwest is un-served. Two scenarios have been adopted to fulfill the requirements of such an emergency facility; by relocating the existing facilities and without relocating existing facilities. In both cases nine fire stations are required to cover the entire city effectively. The location-allocation model provides the solution for the spatial decision not only to find the optimal locations for locating the emergency service but also acts as a tool to determine where and how many facilities are in need to fulfill all requirements. Hence, it is advisable to adopt the second method that is, establishing six new fire stations without relocating existing three fire stations, which would be cost-effective.
Terrorism vulnerability assessment in Java Island: a spatial multi-criteria analysis approach
Authors: Supriyadi Asep Adang , Manessa Masita Dwi Mandini
Published: October 2020

Terrorism is one of the Indonesia’s national security threat. The attack mostly happens in Java Island, attracted by the dense population, also because the island is a center for economic and governance. The spatial pattern of terrorism attack shows correlations with the spatial density of the targeted attack. Therefore, this study assesses the spatial vulnerability of Java Island using a spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA). The main attributes analyzed were the density of the past terrorist attack, arrested area, police/military facility, government facility, business center, densely populated area, and church, determine that in the case of a terrorist attack is strongly affected by the attraction of the area.
Model of Agents-Based Branchless Banking Services Development in Urban and Rural Area
Authors: Rachmawati Rini , Farda Nur Muhammad , Setiyono Bowo
Published: October 2020

The banking sector has experienced a far leap related to Information Communication and Technology (ICT)-based services. Among them is e-banking that has been used by the community, especially in urban areas. Likewise, the use of ATMs can be used to provide banking services to the wider community, so that it can replace most of the functions of services in banks. However, in communities outside of urban areas such as rural communities there are still limitations in accessing e-banking and ATM services. Limited use of e-banking because this service must use internet media or smart phones to access. Meanwhile, the limited use of ATMs due to the availability of ATMs in rural areas is not as much as in urban areas, considering that rural areas are areas with low settlement densities. Today, banks in Indonesia have provided branchless banking by enabling agents. Branchless banking is found in urban, suburban and rural areas. In previous research, the existence of branchless banking in the form of agents and their utilization by customers has been identified. From previous studies, maps of agent and customer density and analysis related to the condition of regional accessibility have been produced. This research is a further study focusing on sub districts area with high agent density in both rural, suburban and urban areas. The purpose of this research is to analyze the development model of agent-based branchless banking services. Data was collected through primary data through observation, structured interviews and measurement of coordinates of the location of agents and banking services in the form of ATMs and Banks. The final result is expected to be used as a model for the development of branchless banking services in Indonesia.
A Lesson Learn from Empowerment Program of Integrated Cassava-Tapioca Agroindustry Actors in Pati District, Indonesia
Authors: Banowati Eva
Published: October 2020

Frequently, empowering models for cassava farmers is programmed by government, but unsuitable to socio-geographic conditions, such as in Pati District. This study was aimed to depict social knowledge and lesson learn of cassava-tapioca agroindustry actors, and to understand the farmers’ acceptance, before and after the empowering program. The cassava farmer’s and tapioca producer’s knowledge and lesson learn were collected from 35 farmers and 19 tapioca producers.  After empowering program, farmers asked to cultivate Cassesart cassava variety (UJ-5). However, the UJ-5 productivity that was planted in 65.40 Ha were declined. While, tapioca industries were also not directly increased farmers’ welfare. Farmers’ perspective in farming process was not changed after empowerment programs. Thirty-four farmers were not ready to build up new information. While, 16 from 19 tapioca producers (84.21%) object to improve labor quality and welfare. The founded result was associated with conventional farming practices, low price product and education background in Pati District, and was increasingly weakened by limited knowledge transfer of modern farming.
Distribution of natural resources and population density in the merapi volcano area
Authors: Sutikno Sutikno , Widiyanto Widiyanto , Santosa Langgeng Wahyu , Kurniawan Andri , Purwanto Taufik Hery
Published: October 2020

The objective of this research is to study spatial distribution of natural resources and their relation to population density of the Merapi volcano area Survey method was used in this research, and started by thematic map and remote sensing imagery imerpretationdieldwork was carried out to check the interpretation result and to observe the actual natural resources in the sample areas were determined by purposive sampling. Population density data were collected by secondary data from sub-district. Descriptive, qualitative approach was used to data analysis and landform unit was used for evaluation of the natural resources.. The findings of this research are: spatially the natural resources, potency varies according to landform unit, and each landform unit has specific natural resources potency, it). the availability of the natural resources in the landform unit has closed relationship to the population density, high and enormous of natural resources usually followed by densely populated, the high densely populated area not always influenced by the existing of the natural resources but also by the functional of the area.
Defining Rural Diversification in a small-farming region: The Case of Yogyakarta Special Province, Indonesia
Authors: Rijanta R. , Suharjo A. J.
Published: October 2020

Studies on the relationship
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Government Reform, and Their Role in Economic Development and the Rise of the Middle Classes in East and Southeast Asia
Authors: Kaveh Sajjad , Noori Hadi , Shafeghat Roodsari Arya , Goodarzinezhad Shukoofeh
Published: October 2020

Since the 1990s, East and Southeast Asian countries have experienced significant economic growth, leading to the expansion of the middle classes. Some scholars have attributed this economic development to cultural and political factors such as technocrat leaders, ethnic tolerance, or even Confucianism. Other researchers have only mentioned economic variables, such as free market, regional unions, and export-oriented policies. This paper does not rule out the role of these factors in the economic development of those regions, and by using a combined approach based on recent data, the authors argue that attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) and government reforms have been the most important factors influencing economic growth as well as the significant expansion of the middle classes in East and Southeast Asian societies.
Javanese and the Samin Community: A Reflection of Ideology and Identity of Its Speakers
Authors: Suhandano Suhandano
Published: October 2020

Javanese has several variants, one of which is the Javanese spoken by the Samin community, a group of Javanese people who uphold Saminist teachings. This paper discusses the Javanese of the Samin people within the framework of anthropological linguistics, a study of languages in a cultural and social context. The paper addresses two questions: what are the characteristics of the Javanese spoken by the Samin people and why does their Javanese language have such these characteristics. Based on data gathered during extensive fieldwork, it was found that there are at least three characteristics of the Samin community’s Javanese: (i) Samin people tend to speak Javanese at the ngoko level; (ii) they use several specific words/lexicons; and (iii) different attitudes are shown in spoken communication. It seems that these three characteristics are related to their world view, ideology and identity. The Samin people, for example, consider that all people have the same status so there is no need to make these differentiations when speaking. That’s why they tend to speak Javanese at the ngoko level and address others by the same word sedulur, meaning relatives. Likewise, their attitude in speaking, such as leaving a conversation before it becomes a quarrel, reflects their view that a quarrel tends to hurt others so must be avoided. These findings reinforce the view that language is closely related to the speaker’s world view that is, their ideology and identity. The relationship of ideology, language and identity, in the case of the Samin people, seems to be a linear progression. Their ideology influences their language, and then, their language constructs their identity. The study of language in the socio-cultural context of the speakers not only provides a better understanding of the language but also a better understanding of the characteristics of the speakers.
The Effective Use of Negative Stems and “All of the Above” in Multiple-Choice Tests in College Courses
Authors: Wise Michael Joseph
Published: October 2020

Over the past few decades, test-writing experts have converged on a set of best-practice guidelines for constructing multiple-choice (MC) items. Despite broad acceptance, some guidelines are supported by scant or inconsistent empirical evidence. This study focused on two of the most-commonly violated of these guidelines: the use of negatively oriented stems (e.g., those using the qualifiers “not” or “except”) and the use of “all of the above” (AOTA) as a response option. Specifically, I analysed the psychometric qualities of 545 MC items from science courses that I taught at a liberal arts college. In this dataset, items with negatively oriented stems did not differ in difficulty or discriminability from questions with positively oriented stems. Similarly, items with AOTA as a response option did not differ in difficulty or discriminability from those without AOTA as an option. Items that used AOTA as a distractor were significantly more difficult, and slightly more discriminating, than were items that used AOTA as the key. Although they must be written with extra attention to detail, this study suggests that MC items with negative stems or AOTA as a response option can be effectively employed for assessment of content mastery in a classroom setting.
Plasticity of Contemporary Racism: World-system Approach Anomalies and Emergence of Miles-Phizacklea 1977 Paradigm
Authors: Cansinos Antonio
Published: October 2020

Contemporary racism has been explained by a large number of perspectives, since the end of World War II, its nature was associated with Colonialism, a type of analysis based on the approach of race relations and complemented by the approach of the world-system. The present study develops a critical analysis with the world-system approach and lists the analytical improvements provided by the so-called Miles-Phizacklea 1977 paradigm. The conclusions of our research suggest that the methodological positivism of the world-system approach is successful only from a macrosociological perspective. However, the Miles-Phizacklea 1977 paradigm is capable of offering broader explanations related to contemporary racism. This paper offers guidelines that can help future research on the combination of micro and macro-sociological racism analysis.
РАЗРАБОТКА ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩАЮЩЕГО ВАКУУМНО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ КЛЮЧЕВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ОПЕРАЦИЙ ПРИ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИИ ЭКБ ДЛЯ МИКРО- И ОПТОЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ
Authors: Алексеев А.Н. , Петров С.И.
Published: October 2020

Представлены результаты разработки технологического оборудования для ключевых операций при изготовлении транзисторов и МИС СВЧ-диапазона на основе GaN и GaAs, FBAR-фильтров, QWIP-матриц, VCSEL-лазеров и др. Продемонстрированы результаты использования оборудования в производственном цикле АО «Светлана-Рост» и других предприятий.
АЛГОРИТМЫ ОБРАБОТКИ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ ПРИ РЕНТГЕНОВСКОМ КОНТРОЛЕ ПЕЧАТНЫХ ПЛАТ И ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ БЛОКОВ НА ПРОЦЕССОРЕ «ЭЛЬБРУС 8С»
Authors: Устинов А.О. , Авакян А.К.
Published: October 2020

Проведено исследование различных алгоритмов обработки изображений применительно к задаче рентгеновского контроля печатных плат. Макетирование алгоритмов учитывает стандартные задачи инспекции: поиск зон контакта шарика BGA, поиск зон контакта SMD-компонент, сегментация распайки кристалла, поиск пустот. Осуществлен замер скорости работы алгоритмов в библиотеках OpenCV на «Эльбрус-8С».
ПРЕДИКТИВНАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ КАК ДРАЙВЕР РАЗВИТИЯ МИКРОЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ
Authors: Ксендзук А.В. , Митиогло А.М.
Published: October 2020

В работе представлены основные направления и результаты разработки системы предиктивной диагностики промышленного оборудования. Приведены основные методы обработки потока данных с разнородных датчиков и показаны результаты диагностики и прогнозирования состояния на примере электродвигателей. Определены направления дальнейшего развития, которые предполагают создание специализированных систем на кристалле.
ОЦЕНКА ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ НЕЙРОСЕТЕВОГО БАЙЕСОВСКОГО ПОДХОДА К ВЫЯВЛЕНИЮ КОРРЕЛЯЦИИ МЕЖДУ ПАРАМЕТРАМИ ТЕСТОВЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ДЛЯ МЕЖОПЕРАЦИОННОГО КОНТРОЛЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРОЦЕССА И ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМИ ФОРМИРУЕМОЙ ТРАНЗИСТОРНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ
Authors: Тельминов О.А. , Горнев Е.С. , Мошкарова Л.А. , Янович С.И. , Морозов Е.Н.
Published: October 2020

Выполнен обзор применения байесовских сетей в решении практических задач, осуществлена оценка возможности применения байесовских сетей к задачам оптимизации промышленного производства полупроводниковых приборов.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОВ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА ДЛЯ РАЗРАБОТКИ ВЫСОКОПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНЫХ УСТРОЙСТВ
Authors: Дорофеев В.П.
Published: October 2020

Представлен обзор современных достижений в области искусственного интеллекта и возможностей их применения в задачах разработки высокопроизводительных устройств. Приведено описание библиотеки искусственно-интеллектуальных решений для разработки высокопроизводительных систем, разрабатываемой в НИИСИ РАН.
ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ И ПРОТОТИПИРОВАНИЕ МНОГОСЛОЙНОГО ПЕРСЕПТРОНА НА ОСНОВЕ МЕМРИСТИВНЫХ УСТРОЙСТВ ДЛЯ ДВУНАПРАВЛЕННОГО АДАПТИВНОГО НЕЙРОИНТЕРФЕЙСА
Authors: Щаников С.А. , Зуев А.Д. , Борданов И.А. , Данилин С.Н. , Королев Д.С. , Белов А.И. , Пигарева Я.И. , Пимашкин А.С. , Михайлов А.Н. , Казанцев В.Б.
Published: October 2020

Рассмотрен процесс разработки многослойного персептрона на основе мемристивных устройств для двунаправленного адаптивного нейроинтерфейса. Предложен общий подход к обеспечению точности его функционирования с учетом влияния дестабилизирующих факторов.
МАГНИТООПТИЧЕСКИЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ И НАНОСТРУКТУРЫ ДЛЯ НЕВЗАИМНЫХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ НЕЙРОМОРФНЫХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Логунов М.В. , Сафонов С.С. , Федоров А.С. , Данилова А.А. , Котов В.А. , Стогний А.И. , Никитов С.А.
Published: October 2020

Представлены результаты исследований магнитных и магнитооптических свойств тонких пленок и наноструктур, предназначенных для разработок интегрально-оптических невзаимных устройств. Проанализированы возможности применения магнитооптических устройств в быстродействующих нейро-морфных системах.
МЕМРИСТОР НА ОСНОВЕ СЕГНЕТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО ОКСИДА ГАФНИЯ: ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ ДВУХ МЕХАНИЗМОВ РЕЗИСТИВНОГО ПЕРЕКЛЮЧЕНИЯ В ОДНОМ УСТРОЙСТВЕ
Authors: Михеев В.В. , Чуприк А.А. , Лебединский Ю.Ю. , Зарубин С.С. , Маркеев А.М. , Зенкевич А.В. , Негров Д.В.
Published: October 2020

Разработан мемристор на основе сегнетоэлектрического оксида гафния, совмещающий в себе два нефиламентарных механизма резистивного переключения, основанных на изменении направления остаточной поляризации и на дрейфе кислородных вакансий. Разработаны критерии для их однозначного разделения.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ И АППАРАТНОЕ ТЕСТИРОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССОВ ОБРАБОТКИ СИГНАЛОВ В КОМБИНИРОВАННОМ МЕМРИСТОРНО-ДИОДНОМ КРОССБАРЕ, ЯВЛЯЮЩЕМСЯ ОСНОВОЙ БИОМОРФНОГО НЕЙРОПРОЦЕССОРА
Authors: Писарев А.Д. , Бусыгин А.Н. , Бобылев А.Н. , Губин А.А. , Удовиченко С.Ю.
Published: October 2020

Изготовлен комбинированный мемристорно-диодный кроссбар, являющийся основой биоморфного нейропроцессора. Проведены моделирование и аппаратное тестирование процессов обработки сигналов, происходящих в запоминающей и логической матрицах. Подтверждена работоспособность основных узлов нейропроцессора.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ИЗГОТОВЛЕННЫХ МНОП-СТРУКТУР НА ОСНОВЕ LPCVD SI3N4-СЛОЯ ДЛЯ RERAM
Authors: Орлов О.М. , Гриценко В.А. , Гисматулин А.А. , Мизгинов Д.С.
Published: October 2020

Рассматриваются перспективные направления развития памяти ReRAM. Нитрид кремния является перспективным резистивным переключающим слоем для мемристоров; проведено экспериментальное исследование изготовленных МНОП-структур (мемристоров) и переноса заряда в них в диапазоне температур 298-450 K.
УПРАВЛЕНИЕ КВАНТОВЫМИ СОСТОЯНИЯМИ УЛЬТРАХОЛОДНЫХ АТОМОВ ТУЛИЯ ПРИ СОЗДАНИИ РЕПЕРА ЧАСТОТЫ
Authors: Мишин Д.А. , Проворченко Д.И. , Головизин А.А. , Федорова Е.С. , Трегубов Д.О. , Хабарова К.Ю. , Сорокин В.Н. , Колачевский Н.Н.
Published: October 2020

В работе приведены описания и результаты последних экспериментов, связанных с созданием репера частоты на основе ультрахолодных атомов тулия. Продемонстрирована одновременная накачка атомов в два начальных квантовых состояния, необходимых для компенсации квадратичного эффекта Зеемана.
ИОННЫЕ ЛОВУШКИ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ В УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ КВАНТОВЫХ ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЯХ
Authors: Хабарова К.Ю. , Заливако И.В. , Семериков И.А. , Семенин Н.В. , Сидоров П.Л. , Вишняков П.А. , Колачевский Н.Н.
Published: October 2020

Обсуждаются различные типы ионных ловушек для реализации универсального квантового вычислителя на ионных кубитах. Рассматриваются достоинства и недостатки различных конфигураций ионных ловушек, а также перспективы решения проблемы масштабирования квантового вычислителя на ионной платформе.
КВАНТОВЫЕ ВЫЧИСЛЕНИЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МНОГОУРОВНЕВЫХ КВАНТОВЫХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Киктенко Е.О. , Николаева А.С. , Федоров А.К.
Published: October 2020

Изучается сокращение числа операций и улучшение глубины квантовых цепей при реализации квантовых операций с использованием многоуровневых квантовых систем (кудитов). Предлагаемый подход базируется на комбинации нескольких подходов. Первый подход, в котором дополнительные уровни кубитов используются в качестве вспомогательных объектов (анцилл), базируется на общем соотношении между размерностью кудитов и топологией их связей. Второй метод использует декомпозицию многоуровневых систем на набор двухуровневых систем. Обсуждаются применения данного подхода в рамках текущих экспериментов по обработке квантовой информации.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ РОЗЕ-ПРОТОКОЛА КВАНТОВОЙ ПАМЯТИ В ОПТИЧЕСКОМ РЕЗОНАТОРЕ ДЛЯ СОХРАНЕНИЯ МАЛОФОТОННЫХ ПОЛЕЙ
Authors: Герасимов К.И. , Миннегалиев М.М. , Урманчеев Р.В. , Моисеев С.А. , Желтиков А.М.
Published: October 2020

Экспериментально реализован ROSE-протокол сохранения малофотонных световых полей (со средним числом фотонов 5,5 в импульсе) в кристалле Tm3+: Y3Al5O12, помещенном в оптический резонатор Фабри - Перо при восстановлении сигнального импульса, содержащего ~1 фотон при соотношении сигнал/ шум ~ 1. Обсуждаются способы подавления шума в использованной схеме памяти.
ПСЕВДОСТОХАСТИЧЕСКОЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЕ ПРОЦЕССОВ В КВАНТОВЫХ ВЫЧИСЛЕНИЯХ
Authors: Киктенко Е.О. , Яшин В.И. , Малышев А.О. , Куликов Д.А. , Мастюкова А.С. , Манько В.И. , Крушинский Д. , Федоров А.К.
Published: October 2020

Рассматривается описание динамики квантовых систем на языке псевдостохастических матриц. Демонстрируется роль декогеренции в переходе квантовой динамики в классический режим. Обсуждается использование псевдостохастического представления для изучения процессов квантовых вычислений.
ПРЕЦИЗИОННЫЙ КОНТРОЛЬ ЭВОЛЮЦИИ СОСТОЯНИЙ КУДИТОВ
Authors: Богданова Н.А. , Богданов Ю.И. , Кузнецов Ю.А. , Дмитриев И.А. , Лукичев В.Ф.
Published: October 2020

На основе спинорных представлений группы Лоренца и их обобщений на случай многоуровневых квантовых систем (кудитов) предложен метод прецизионного контроля эволюции состояний квантовых систем посредством слабо возмущающих адаптивных квантовых измерений.
НЕРЕЗОНАНСНЫЙ ФОТОННЫЙ ФАЗОВЫЙ ГЕЙТ НА ТРЕХУРОВНЕВОМ АТОМЕ
Authors: Моисеев С.А. , Андрианов С.Н.
Published: October 2020

Предложена оптическая схема реализации квантового вентиля обобщенноконтролируемой фазы, основанная на использовании нерезонансного взаимодействия фотона с трехуровневым атомом в высокодобротном резонаторе. Найдены оптимальные параметры дисперсионного взаимодействия, обеспечивающие реализацию вентиля. Обсуждаются преимущества предложенного протокола и возможные варианты его экспериментальной реализации.
СВЕРХРАЗРЕШЕНИЕ ОПТИЧЕСКИХ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ ЗА СЧЕТ СОВМЕСТНОГО ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ СТАТИСТИКИ ФОТОНОВ В НЕСКОЛЬКИХ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫХ МОДАХ
Authors: Самойленко С.Р. , Бантыш Б.И. , Катамадзе К.Г. , Богданов Ю.И. , Кулик С.П.
Published: October 2020

Исследован вопрос применения подходов статистического восстановления параметров квантовых состояний света к задаче построения изображений сверхвысокого разрешения. Проводится сравнительный анализ различных схем измерений, включающих фильтрацию пространственных мод и исследование статистики фотонов.
КВАНТОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ: СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ
Authors: Кулик С.П.
Published: October 2020

Рассматриваются основные квантовые технологии, развиваемые в мире и в России, которые уже привели или приведут в ближайшем будущем к созданию квантовых симуляторов, чувствительных сенсоров и систем квантовой связи.
КВАНТОВЫЕ ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛИ НА ИОННОЙ ПЛАТФОРМЕ
Authors: Колачевский Н.Н.
Published: October 2020

Развитие технологий захвата, охлаждения и опроса одиночных ионов в ловушке Пауля вывело ионные кубиты в разряд наиболее перспективных платформ для реализации квантовых процессоров. В докладе кратко представлен прогресс в области разработки ионных квантовых вычислителей, а также описаны работы, ведущиеся в России в данном направлении.
Editorial 44
Authors: López Uribe Cristina
Published: October 2020

La arquitectura se ha convertido en objeto expositivo. Desde principios de este siglo se ha instalado definitivamente en museos de arte, galerías y bienales. No obstante, esta transformación de la arquitectura y su vinculación a los espacios expositivos no es nueva, tiene una larga historia vinculada a la práctica y a la enseñanza de la disciplina. En las primeras décadas del siglo xx, vemos su incorporación en el museo de arte, en sus salas de paredes blancas iluminadas homogéneamente; estos espacios determinantes emergen construyendo una estética y ética expositivas dominantes que modifican y actúan directamente sobre todo lo que se exhibe.

En esta Bitácora, hacemos un estudio histórico sobre las exposiciones latinoamericanas desde la región misma y con una mirada que analice con profundidad cada caso, para advertir políticas culturales que actúan en y trascienden los territorios nacionales. Así mismo analizamos exposiciones realizadas en Europa y Norteamérica con el fin de trazar los hilos narrativos que han influenciado la construcción global de aquello a lo que llamamos "exponer arquitectura".
Cuadros de una exposición. Arquitectura y urbanismo de nuestro tiempo (Amancio Williams, Buenos Aires, 1949)
Authors: Müller Luis
Published: October 2020

En 1949, Amancio Williams organizó una exposición en Buenos Aires, que denominó Arquitectura y urbanismo de nuestro tiempo. Se exhibió una importante cantidad de planos y fotos que había conseguido en su viaje a Europa de 1947, en el que contactó con Le Corbusier, Marcel Lods, Pierre Jeanneret y otros, quienes le cedieron o enviaron materiales. Con un catálogo diseñado por Tomás Maldonado, las vicisitudes de la exposición dan cuenta del estado de la cultura arquitectónica de aquel momento. 
Un nuevo contexto cultural España, 1977: dos exposiciones de dibujos de arquitectura
Authors: Álvarez García María
Published: October 2020

Después de la muerte del dictador Francisco Franco en 1975, España afrontó un proceso de transición política hacia la democracia. Este momento estuvo enmarcado por el contexto internacional de crisis disciplinar de crítica a la modernidad. En España, este nuevo contexto cultural se filtraría a través de dos exposiciones de dibujos de arquitectura, que contribuyeron a desatar un debate en el país sobre la propia disciplina, la crisis de las escuelas y la situación profesional. 
Despliegue expositivo SCOP
Authors: Torres Ramos Rodrigo
Published: October 2020

Este trabajo propone una alternativa a la revisión de exposiciones de arquitectura realizadas en espacios museísticos. Se presenta un análisis de los proyectos expositivos de la Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Obras Públicas (SCOP) bajo la dirección de Carlos Lazo Barreiro. Para ello, se revisarán diferentes dispositivos ideados por la Gerencia de Promoción SCOP y publicados en la revista Espacios, mismos que revelan un aspecto de la proyección nacional que se les confirió a las obras materiales realizadas por dicha secretaría.
“Azote imperialista”, petróleo y cambio climático en el Caribe
Authors: Islas Vargas Maritza
Published: October 2020

De acuerdo con la literatura especializada, el Caribe es una de las regiones más sensibles a los efectos del cambio climático y del calentamiento global. Esta posición le convierte en un espacio de referencia cuyo entendimiento se torna central para evaluar los impactos por venir, las alternativas posibles y las dificultades y peligros a enfrentar por la humanidad. De ahí que, tras un breve análisis de los procesos que han contribuido y contribuyen a incrementar la vulnerabilidad de la región (específicamente, su función como vertedero de desechos y receptora de daños, así como su rol subordinado dentro de la diplomacia climática), el texto presenta el modo en que el cambio climático impactará la economía, la política y la geografía del Caribe.
Escenario del fracking en Brasil
Authors: Silva Dieile Bianca
Published: October 2020

En el mundo nunca se consumieron tantos combustibles fósiles como ahora, con impactos locales como la contaminación y globales como el cambio climático. Así, al calor de los conflictos territoriales y socio-ambientales, en un contexto de apuesta y multiplicación de proyectos de explotación de recursos naturales para la exportación, el objetivo de este estudio es presentar el análisis de las problemáticas sociales, políticas y territoriales en Brasil de las opciones energéticas centradas en el fracking o fractura hidráulica de alta presión. Se describen los esfuerzos del gobierno por adoptar esta técnica y la resistencia ante este plan. Primero con la presentación de la estructura político-energética brasileña, con sus herramientas de control territorial, y cómo se logró que la propuesta del fracking se haya suspendido, hasta el día de hoy.
Behavioral therapy is a viable treatment option for children and adolescents with trichotillomania
Authors: Nesbitt Elizabeth
Published: October 2020

A clinical decision report appraising

Franklin ME, Edson AL, Ledley DA, Cahill SP. Behavior therapy for pediatric trichotillomania: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2011;50(8):763-771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2011.05.0091

for a patient with trichotillomania.
Informed Consent: Do atypical antipsychotics trigger manic switching in patients with bipolar I disorder?
Authors: Stevenson Hilary P
Published: October 2020

A 22-year-old newly diagnosed patient with bipolar is discussing with her doctor the safety of starting an atypical antipsychotic as part of her treatment plan for depression. The patient was recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder after years of ups and downs making school and her relationship especially difficult. After seeking out a university student health psychiatrist for a severe depressive episode she was prescribed an antidepressant, which within a few weeks triggered a manic episode that required hospitalization. Since that time she has been compliant with her medications but has fallen into another depressive episode. Her psychiatrist encourages her to begin taking the atypical antipsychotic quetiapine because it may help with her current mood. Given her experience with antidepressants she is apprehensive. She asks, is it possible that a medication like quetiapine could trigger another manic episode?
Paracetamol Induced Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis- A Rare Case Report
Authors: K. Anusha  , Neelam. I
Published: October 2020

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a rare cutaneous adverse drug reaction characterized by rapid occurrence of dozens to thousands pinhead-sized, non-follicular, sterile pustular eruptions. AGEP is infrequent with an incidence of one to five millions per year. There are only two previous reports of paracetamol induced AGEP in literature. The clinical course  of  AGEP is characterised by spontaneous resolution on drug withdrawal.  Resolution is marked  by a  characteristic desquamation. Diagnosis of AGEP depends on morphology of skin lesions, presence of fever, laboratory and histopathological findings. Factors that favours the diagnosis of AGEP include onset of pustules within few hours or in few days after the causative agent  is  administered.  The  most  frequent  causative  drugs  are  Aminopenicillins,  ampicillin,  amoxixillin,  sulphonamides, pristinamycin, quinolones, hydroxychloroquine, terbinafin diltiazem. In some cases it is induced by bacterial, viral or parasitic infections. In our case, a 50 year male patient developed multiple pus filled lesions, burning sensations all over the body caused by  administering  paracetamol  drug  where,  the    lesions  desiccated  immediately  after  cessation  of  offending  drug  in  two daysleaving exfoliations .Upon diagnosis the  white blood cell count was increased indicating lymphocytosis. He was administered with antihistamines,  emollients  and corticosteroids  during his course of stay in hospital.  Pustular rashes were reduced and patient recovered with treatment. Paracetamol  is one of the most widely used safer drug worldwide, herein draws special attention that no drug is completely safe hence proper medication history interview would be recommended to overcome the drugs causing adverse drug reactions, that can be possibly dangerous and life threatening.
Marker Based Standardization of Herbal Sunscreen Formulation by Using Validated High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Method
Authors: Sutar Manisha P  , Chaudhari Sanjay R
Published: October 2020

Plant based products are worldwide used and trusted for the care and cure of the health. Herbal sunscreen formulations are gaining popularity for their effectiveness and are devoid of side effects. The present investigation is an effort made to develop herbal sunscreen cream containing methanolic extracts of different plants and its standardization for the presence of bioactive compounds. The leaves of Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf), fruit peel of Punica granatum (Linn), flowers of Butea monosperma (Lam.) and leaves of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) were selected for the preparation of sunscreen cream. The standardization of herbal formulations is very important to determine its quality based on the concentration of their active phytoconstituents. The herbal cream F-5 (2 % w/w) imparted its sun-protective and antioxidant property. It shows free radicals scavenging activity due  the  presence of flavonoids  and  phenolic compounds.  High performance thin  layer  chromatography method is used to determine the quality and quantity of the sun protective phytoconstituents present in the product. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines for the estimation butrin (BT), isobutrin (IBT), quercetin (QC), apigenin (API), chlorogenic acid (CA) and gallic acid (GA) using the optimized solvent systems. The estimation of bioactive markers was carried out on silica gel precoated thin layer chromatography plates with 60F254  as the stationary phase and Camag TC scanner III for densitometric scanning. The average Rf values for the markers were found to be 0.46 for BT, 0.57 for IBT, 0.50 for QC, 0.57 for API, 0.66 for CA and 0.42 for GA. The developed HPTLC method was linear with correlation coefficient 0.999 for BT, 0.998 for IBT, QC, API and 0.9966 for CA and 0.9989 for GA. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were recorded. The developed analytical method for quantitative determination of phytoconstituents was found efficient, simple, accurate, and validated.
Nephroprotective Effect of Green Synthesised Gold Nanoparticles Using Bark Extract of Terminalia arjuna on Acetaminophen Induced Nephrotoxicity in Male Albino Rat
Authors: Mousumi Mitra  , Amit Bandyopadhyay  , Gouriprasad Datta  , Dilip K Nandi
Published: October 2020

Green synthesised gold nanoparticles offer a great promise in biomedicine. An overdose of acetaminophen causes severe hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The development of nephroprotective drugs through eco-friendly production routes is  a  major  challenge  for  current  pharmacology.  This  study  was  undertaken  to  examine  the  therapeutic  effects  of  green synthesised  gold  nanoparticles  (AuNPs)  using  aqueous  bark  extract  of  Terminalia  arjuna,  on  acetaminophen  induced nephrotoxicity in  male albino rats and also to select the most effective dose of AuNPs to protect from  nephrotoxicity . Terminalia arjuna , is a herbal plant of high interest in Asian traditional medicine. The bark of this tree has been widely used in the preparation of ayurvedic formulations such as powerful cardiotonic, antioxidative, antiuremic and antimicrobial properties. In this study 36 experimental albino rats were taken and randomly divided into 6 groups. Group 1 served as normal control, Group 2 received acetaminophen intraperitoneally at concentration of 500mg /kg of body weight for 14 days and Groups 3,4,5,6 were co-administered with acetaminophen (500mg/kg/day) along with AuNPs at doses 55, 175, 550, 2000 µg/kg/day intraperitoneally for 14 days. After 14 days all animals were sacrificed for biochemical and histopathological studies. Among different experimental doses of AuNPs (55,175,550, 2000µg/kg/day), 175µg/kg/day showed more potent activity towards biochemical indices and histopathological studies. There was significant (p<0.05) increase in Urea, Creatinine, CRP and MDA levels but significant decrease in SOD, CAT and GSH activity in acetaminophen treated group, in comparison to control group but  co-administration  with  AuNPs  (175µg/kg/day)  restored  the  activities  of  these  biochemical  markers  and  also  of  the antioxidant enzymes. Hence,this study confirmed that AuNPs at dose 175µg/kg/day have better nephroprotective efficacy.