bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mass Testing With Contact Tracing Compared to Test and Trace for the Effective Suppression of COVID-19 in the United Kingdom: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Mbwogge Mathew
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Making testing available to everyone and tracing contacts might be the gold standard to control COVID-19. Many countries including the United Kingdom have relied on the symptom-based test and trace strategy in bringing the COVID-19 pandemic under control. The effectiveness of a test and trace strategy based on symptoms has been questionable and has failed to meet testing and tracing needs. This is further exacerbated by it not being delivered at the point of care, leading to rising cases and deaths. Increases in COVID-19 cases and deaths in the United Kingdom despite performing the highest number of tests in Europe suggest that symptom-based testing and contact tracing might not be effective as a control strategy. An alternative strategy is making testing available to all.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of this review was to compare mass testing and contact tracing with the conventional test and trace method in the suppression of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The secondary objective was to determine the proportion of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases reported during mass testing interventions.

METHODS

Literature in English was searched from September through December 2020 in Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Mendeley, and PubMed. Search terms included “mass testing,” “test and trace,” “contact tracing,” “COVID-19,” “SARS-CoV-2,” “effectiveness,” “asymptomatic,” “symptomatic,” “community screening,” “UK,” and “2020.” Search results were synthesized without meta-analysis using the direction of effect as the standardized metric and vote counting as the synthesis metric. A statistical synthesis was performed using Stata 14.2. Tabular and graphical methods were used to present findings.

RESULTS

The literature search yielded 286 articles from Google Scholar, 20 from ScienceDirect, 14 from Mendeley, 27 from PubMed, and 15 through manual search. A total of 35 articles were included in the review, with a sample size of nearly 1 million participants. We found a 76.9% (10/13, 95% CI 46.2%-95.0%; P=.09) majority vote in favor of the intervention under the primary objective. The overall proportion of asymptomatic cases among those who tested positive and in the tested sample populations under the secondary objective was 40.7% (1084/2661, 95% CI 38.9%-42.6%) and 0.0% (1084/9,942,878, 95% CI 0.0%-0.0%), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

There was low-level but promising evidence that mass testing and contact tracing could be more effective in bringing the virus under control and even more effective if combined with social distancing and face coverings. The conventional test and trace method should be superseded by decentralized and regular mass rapid testing and contact tracing, championed by general practitioner surgeries and low-cost community services.
The Effect of Training on Participant Adherence With a Reporting Time Frame for Momentary Subjective Experiences in Ecological Momentary Assessment: Cognitive Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wen Cheng K Fred , Junghaenel Doerte U , Newman David B , Schneider Stefan , Mendez Marilyn , Goldstein Sarah E , Velasco Sarah , Smyth Joshua M , Stone Arthur A
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has the potential to minimize recall bias by having people report on their experiences in the moment (momentary model) or over short periods (coverage model). This potential hinges on the assumption that participants provide their ratings based on the reporting time frame instructions prescribed in the EMA items. However, it is unclear what time frames participants actually use when answering the EMA questions and whether participant training improves participants’ adherence to the reporting instructions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the reporting time frames participants used when answering EMA questions and whether participant training improves participants’ adherence to the EMA reporting timeframe instructions.

METHODS

Telephone-based cognitive interviews were used to investigate the research questions. In a 2×2 factorial design, participants (n=100) were assigned to receive either basic or enhanced EMA training and randomized to rate their experiences using a momentary (at the moment you were called) or a coverage (since the last phone call) model. Participants received five calls over the course of a day to provide ratings; after each rating, participants were immediately interviewed about the time frame they used to answer the EMA questions. A total of 2 raters independently coded the momentary interview responses into time frame categories (Cohen κ=0.64, 95% CI 0.55-0.73).

RESULTS

The results from the momentary conditions showed that most of the calls referred to the period during the call (57/199, 28.6%) or just before the call (98/199, 49.2%) to provide ratings; the remainder were from longer reporting periods. Multinomial logistic regression results indicated a significant training effect (χ21=16.6; P<.001) in which the enhanced training condition yielded more reports within the intended reporting time frames for momentary EMA reports. Cognitive interview data from the coverage model did not lend themselves to reliable coding and were not analyzed.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study provide the first evidence about adherence to EMA instructions to reporting periods and that enhanced participant training improves adherence to the time frame specified in momentary EMA studies.
Effect of a Virtual Reality Contact-Based Educational Intervention on the Public Stigma of Depression: Randomized Controlled Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lem Wey Guan , Kohyama-Koganeya Ayako , Saito Toki , Oyama Hiroshi
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Public stigma against depression contributes to low employment rates among individuals with depression. Contact-based educational (CBE) interventions have been shown to reduce this public stigma.

OBJECTIVE

We investigated the ability of our Virtual Reality Antistigma (VRAS) app developed for CBE interventions to reduce the stigma of depression.

METHODS

Sixteen medical students were recruited and randomized 1:1 to the intervention group, who used the VRAS app (VRAS group), and the control group, who watched a video on depression. The depression stigma score was assessed using the Depression Stigma Scale (DSS) and Attitudinal Social Distance (ASD) questionnaire at pre- and postintervention. Feasibility was assessed in both groups and usability was assessed only in the VRAS group after the intervention. A qualitative study was performed on the acquisition of knowledge about stigma in both groups based on participants’ answers to open-ended questions and interviews after the intervention.

RESULTS

The feasibility score was significantly higher in the VRAS group (mean 5.63, SD 0.74) than in the control group (mean 3.88, SD 1.73; P=.03). However, no significant differences were apparent between the VRAS and control groups for the DSS (VRAS: mean 35.13, SD 5.30; control: mean 35.38, SD 4.50; P=.92) or ASD (VRAS: mean 12.25, SD 3.33; control: mean 11.25, SD 1.91; P=.92). Stigma scores tended to decrease; however, the stigma-reducing effects of the VRAS app were not significant for the DSS (pre: mean 33.00, SD 4.44; post: mean 35.13, SD 5.30; P=.12) or ASD (pre: mean 13.25, SD 3.92; post: mean 12.25, SD 3.33; P=.12). Qualitative analysis suggested that the VRAS app facilitated perspective-taking and promoted empathy toward the patient.

CONCLUSIONS

The CBE intervention using virtual reality technology (VRAS app) was as effective as the video intervention. The results of the qualitative study suggested that the virtual reality intervention was able to promote perspective-taking and empathy toward patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) UMIN000043020; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000049109
Teleconsultation in the Management of Elective Orthopedic and Spinal Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospective Cohort Study of Patient Experiences (Preprint)
Authors: Melian Christina , Frampton Christopher , Wyatt Michael Charles , Kieser David
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

The global adoption of teleconsultation has been expedited as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. By allowing remote communication, teleconsultation may help limit the spread of the virus while maintaining the crucial patient-provider relationship.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of teleconsultation compared to in-person visits in the management of elective orthopedic and spinal procedures.

METHODS

This was a prospective observational cohort study of 853 patients receiving orthopedic and spinal care at a private outpatient clinic in New Zealand. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: (1) patients receiving telephone consultation remotely, and (2) patients receiving in-person office consultations at the outpatient clinic. All patients received telephone consultations for 4 weeks during the mandated COVID-19 lockdown, followed by 4 weeks of telephone or in-person consultation. Patient preference, satisfaction, and duration of visit were recorded. Comparisons of patient preference between groups, visit type, sex, and location were performed using chi-square tests; similarly, satisfaction scores and visit durations were compared using a general linear model.

RESULTS

We report that 91% (353/388) of patients in the telephone group preferred teleconsultation over in-person office visits during the COVID-19 lockdown (P<.001). A combined-group analysis showed that 55.3% (446/807) of all patients preferred teleconsultation compared to 31.2% (252/807) who preferred in-person office visits (P<.001). Patients in the telephone group reported significantly higher satisfaction scores (mean 9.95, SD 0.04, 95% CI 9.87-10.03) compared to patients in the in-person group (mean 9.53, SE 0.04, 95% CI 9.45-9.62; P<.001). Additionally, in-person consultations were significantly longer in duration compared to telephone consultations, with a mean visit time of 6.70 (SE 0.18) minutes, 95% CI 6.32-7.02, compared to 5.10 (SE 0.17) minutes, 95% CI 4.73-5.42 (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients who use telephone consultations are more likely to prefer it over traditional, in-person visits in the future. This increased preference, coupled with higher patient satisfaction scores and shorter duration of visits, suggests that teleconsultation has a role in orthopedic surgery, which may even extend beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
Optimasi Carbomer, Propilen Glikol, dan Trietanolamin Dalam Formulasi Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kembang Bulan (Tithonia diversifolia)
Authors: Tsabitah Amira Fawwaz , Zulkarnain Abdul Karim , Wahyuningsih Mae Sri Hartanti , Nugrahaningsih Dwi Aris Agung
Published: February 2021

Ekstrak etanol daun kembang bulan atau Tithonia diversifolia telah diteliti memiliki kemampuan sebagai anti keloid yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan formula gel dengan sifat fisik dan stabilitas yang baik. Metode yang digunakan dalam optimasi ini adalah Simplex Lattice Design. Formula optimum gel dibuat dari bahan carbomer, propilen glikol, dan trietanolamin. Parameter yang diukur adalah viskositas, pH, daya sebar, freeze and thaw cycles, dan sineresis. Hasil uji kemudian dianalisis menggunakan paired t-test.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa formula optimum gel terdiri dari 0,81% carbomer, 5,9% propilen glikol, dan 0,58% trietanolamin dengan viskositas 155,96 d.Pas, daya sebar 4,06 cm, pH 5,50, dan sineresis 0,64%. Basis gel yang dihasilkan bening, memiliki viskositas 156,10 ± 2,87 d.Pas, daya sebar 3,95 ± 0,07 cm, pH 5,50 ± 0,00, dan sineresis 0,46 ± 0,00 %. Sediaan basis gel stabil dalam uji stabilitas fisik. Gel ekstrak etanol daun kembang bulan yang dihasilkan memiliki viskositas 77,70 ± 2,30 d.Pas, daya sebar 4,55 ± 0,21 cm, pH 5,32 ± 0,01, dan sineresis 1,42 ± 0,28 %. Sediaan gel ekstrak etanol daun kembang bulan kurang stabil dalam uji stabilitas fisik pada viskositas yang mengalami penurunan, daya sebar yang mengalami kenaikan, pH yang mengalami kenaikan, dan sineresis yang meningkat.
Pembuatan Sediaan Tabir Surya Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Temu Kunci (Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schlecht), Aktivitas Inhibisi Fotodegradasi Tirosin dan Kandungan Fenolik Totalnya
Authors: Irianti Tatang , Sulaiman Teuku Nanda Saifullah , Fakhrudin Nanang , Astuti Siluh , Testikawati Nita , Farida Soda , Addina Jovanita Fara
Published: February 2021

Indonesia merupakan negara tropis dengan intensitas sinar matahari yang tinggi sehingga hal ini dapat memberikan dampak negatif terhadap kulit manusia. Untuk mencegah kerusakan akibat dari cahaya matahari diperlukan suatu bahan yang bersifat fotoprotektor dengan mekanisme kerja menyerap atau menghalangi cahaya matahari masuk ke kulit. Flavonoid ekstrak etanol rimpang temu kunci (Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schlecht) diketahui memiliki aktivitas sebagai fotoprotektor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol rimpang temu kunci dalam sediaan tabir surya yang mengandung bahan aktif oksibenson sebagai fotoprotektor; mengetahui aktivitas fotodegradasi tirosin serta kadar fenolik total ekstrak etanol rimpang temu kunci. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menguji delapan formula. Penentuan kemampuan fotoproteksi berdasarkan nilai transmisi eritema dan transmisi pigmentasi. Uji inhibisi fotodegradasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan enam kelompok komposisi tirosin dan Rhetoflam. Uji penentuan kadar fenolik total dilakukan menggunakan metode Follin-Ciocalteu. Hasil pengukuran diintrapolasikan ke dalam kurva baku asam galat. Penambahan ekstrak etanol rimpang temu kunci mampu menurunkan transmisi eritema 0,72-0,76 kali dan transmisi pigmentasi 0,57-0,61 kali dari sediaan tabir surya. Pemberian ekstrak etanol rimpang temu kunci 6% pada sediaan tabirsurya mengandung oksibenson 6% meningkatkan efektivitas tabir surya dengan menurunkan transmisi eritema 1,00 kali dan transmisi pigmentasi 1,02 kali lebih baik dari sediaan tabir surya mengandung bahan aktif oksibenson saja. Sedangkan kandungan fenolik total ekstrak etanol ripang temu kunci adalah sebesar 7,11 ± 0,15 % EAG dengan aktivitas penghambatan fotodegradasi tirosin 2,06 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan vitamin C pada kadar yang sama, yaitu 0,15%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanolik rimpang temu kunci dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan aktif fotoprotektor dalam sediaan kosmetik.
The Effect of Combination of Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polymers to The Physical Properties of Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Ethanolic Extract Patch
Authors: Ermawati Dian Eka , Kartikasari Galuh
Published: February 2021

Celery herbs (Apium graveolens L.) contain apigenin compounds (flavonoids) that are effective as antihypertensiv. Celery herbs used in the form of decoction and oral preparations have a deficiency that is voluminous and can cause gastric irritation. Patches were chosen because it can prevent gastric irritation and reduce the frequency of drug administration because the drug is delivered over the skin with a long duration. This study aimed to know the effect of variations in the ratio of the concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC sodium) polymers to the physical properties of celery herbs ethanol extract patch.This study was conducted with maceration of celery herbs using 96% ethanol and then dispersed in patch made with variations in the concentrations ratio of HPMC and CMC sodium polymers of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3. Patches were tested for physical properties including organoleptic, pH, thickness, weight, folding endurance, and moisture content. Statistical analysis of test data used One Way ANOVA and Paired Samples T Test.The results of statistical analysis showed that the increase concentrations ratio of CMC sodium polymer in the combination of HPMC and CMC sodium polymers could increase the thickness, weight, and moisture content of celery herbs ethanol extract patch. The best patch was formula 2 with the same concentration ratio of HPMC and CMC sodium polymers because it showed the best results with a pH 6,12-6,29, thickness 1,37-1,53 mm, weighting 2,24-2,52 gram, folding endurance more than 300 times, and the moisture content was quite stable.
Spatiotemporal and functional characterisation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) in the murine intervertebral disc
Authors:   Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada, Kim MKM , Ramachandran R , Séguin CA
Published: February 2021

The molecular regulators of mechano-transduction in intervertebral disc (IVD) cells are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to characterise the expression and function of the mechano-sensitive ion channel TRPV4 in the IVD. A novel transgenic reporter mouse, in which the endogenous Trpv4 locus drove the expression of LacZ, was used to localise Trpv4 expression at specific stages of spine development [embryonic day (E) 8.5, 12.5, 17.5, postnatal day 1] and time points following skeletal maturity (2.5, 6, 9 and 12 months). The TRPV4-specific agonist GSK1016790A and antagonist GSK2193874 were used to assess the functional response of annulus fibrosus (AF) cells using epifluorescence imaging with Ca2+-sensitive Fura-2 dye and F-actin staining. The effects of TRPV4 agonism and antagonism in mechanically stimulated AF cells were quantified by gene expression analysis. Trpv4 expression was specific to the developing notochord and intervertebral mesenchyme at E12.5. At 2.5, 6 and 9 months, Trpv4 expression was detected in the nucleus pulposus, inner AF, cartilage endplate and vertebral growth plate. AF cells treated with GSK1016790A demonstrated heterogeneity in TRPV4-dependent Ca2+ responses (no response, calcium oscillation or sustained response). TRPV4-induced Ca2+ signalling was associated with Rho/ROCK-dependent actin cytoskeleton remodelling and stress-fibre formation. In AF cells, cyclic-tensile-strain-induced changes in Acan and Prg4 expression were mediated by TRPV4 channel activation. These data establish TRPV4 as an important mechano- sensor regulating IVD mechano-biology.
Students’ Learning Difficulties in Mathematics: How Do Teachers Diagnose and How Do Teachers Solve Them?
Authors: Febriyanti Rani , Mustadi Ali , Jerussalem Mohammad Adam
Published: February 2021

This study aims to find out how teachers diagnose to determine students’ learning difficulties, especially in Mathematics in Elementary Schools. There are four aspects discussed in this study, including the teachers’ perception of students’ learning difficulties, teachers’ practice in connection with diagnosing students’ learning difficulties, teachers’ actions in response to the results of the diagnosis, parties involved regarding students’ learning difficulties. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with 13 teachers as the subject selected by purposive sampling. The data were obtained through interviews with classroom teachers, both from private and public schools, especially in North Borneo. The findings in this study show that the teachers use various ways to diagnose and overcome students’ learning difficulties. There are 3 ways that teachers do to diagnose learning difficulties in Mathematics, including tests, observations and interviews. While the ways to overcome them are to do remedial, provide tutoring individually, provide additional hours for students who have learning difficulties in Mathematics and involve students in learning. The method used has been effective, proofed by changes in students’ understanding and improvement in students’ learning outcomes. This study offers elementary school teachers ways that can be carried out to diagnose and overcome students’ learning difficulties in Mathematics.
Developing of Higher Order Thinking Skill in Relation and Function to Support Student’s Creative Thinking
Authors: Utari Rahma Siska , Gustiningsi Tria
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to produce the Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS)’ questions of relation and function material that had validity and practicality and also had potential effect to support student’s creative thinking. This research was a descriptive research with design research method and development study type. The questions of relation and function material developed based on characteristics of Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) questions and followed stages of development study, such as: self evaluation, experts review, one-to-one, small group and field test. The subjects of this research were 38 students of eight grader from SMP Negeri 17 Palembang. They participated on one-to-one, small group and field test. Data collected using walkthroughs, interviews, questionnaires and tests. Validity of questions knew form experts review result based on content, construct and language. Practicality of questions knew from small group result about student’ understanding of purpose of questions and procedural of answering questions. Potential effect did known by test on field test stage. The result showed the HOTS’ questions of relation and function material truly supported student’s creative thinking.
Faktor - faktor yang mempengaruhi migrasi masuk di Kota Jambi (studi kasus etnis Jawa di Kelurahan Buluran Kenali)
Authors: Anggara Sulung Tino , Junaidi Junaidi , Yulmardi Yulmardi
Published: February 2021

Research objectives: 1) To determine the characteristics of Javanese ethnic groups in Buluran Kenali Village; 2) To find out and analyze the influence of age, origin, education level and length of stay on the income of Javanese ethnic migrant residents in the Buluran Kenali Village. The data used in this study are primary data obtained from survey results by distributing questionnaires and interviews. The analytical method used in this study is descriptive and quantitative analysis methods, using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicates that the average age of migrants is 44 years old, married with a total of 2 people, education that has completed an average of 10 years comes directly from Java, with the reason of moving to Jambi City due to family invitation and knowing the City Jambi from family/friends. From the results of multiple linear regression it is known that age, origin, level of education, length of stay have an effect on and significantly affect the income of ethnic Javanese migrants in Jambi City. Partially, age, education and length of stay influence and significantly affect the income of Javanese ethnic migrants in Jambi City, while the origin does not affect and the income of ethnic Javanese migrants in Jambi City.

Keywords: Migration, Income, Age, Origin, Education Level, Length of Stay.
Pengaruh tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja, indeks harga konsumen, produk domestik regional bruto terhadap upah rata-rata Pulau Sumatera
Authors: Purba Dearni Christina , Prihanto Purwaka Hari , Aminah Siti
Published: February 2021

This study ains to analyze the Development of Labor Force Participation Rate, Consumer Price Index and Gross Regional Domestic Product and Average Wages in Sumatera and analyze the influence of the Development of Labor Force Participation Rate, Consumer Price Index, and Gross Regional Domestic Product on Average Wages in Sumatera. The data used in this study are secondary data sourced from the Central Statistics Indonesia office. For data analysis using panel data analysis. The average wage is a Bound variable that is influenced by three independent variables, namely the Labor Force Participation Rate, the Consumer Price Index, and the Gross Regional Domestic Product. Based on the result of the analysis it is known that the Labor Force Participation Rate has a negative and not significant effect on the average wage in Sumatera. The consumer Price Index has a negative and not significant effect on the average wages in Sumatera. Gross Regional Domestic Product has a positive and significant effect on Average Wages in Sumatera.
EDUCAÇÃO EM MOVIMENTO: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA DE EXTENSÃO POPULAR
Authors: Brutscher Volmir José , Hérika Costa Praia  , Áurea Galdino de Lima
Published: February 2021

Este artigo é um relato de experiência vivenciada a partir do evento de extensão Educação em Movimento: Educação do Campo e Movimentos Sociais, realizado em junho de 2019, no Campus Mata Norte da Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), ligado às disciplinas Educação do Campo e Educação e Movimentos Sociais, do Curso de Pedagogia, e apoiado por um grupo de estudos da área.  Foi realizado em parceria com a Gerência Regional de Educação (GRE) da Mata Norte, o Centro Acadêmico do Curso de Pedagogia (CAPed) e o Programa Nacional de Formação de Professores da Educação Básica (PAFOR). Teve por objetivo refletir acerca da temática no contexto da globalização e virtualização, considerando avanços, retrocessos e perspectivas face à conjuntura política atual do país. Contou com a participação de convidados dos movimentos sociais populares de Pernambuco, que desenvolveram uma reflexão organicamente crítica. O evento contribuiu para fortalecer a aproximação da UPE das causas e perspectivas dos movimentos populares e, a partir do encontro direto entre os estudantes e as lideranças populares, colaborou para sensibilizar os discentes para as questões latentes que envolvem os sujeitos do campo, como a promoção da agroecologia, da educação e da cidadania no combate às desigualdades sociais e às injustiças.
EMPODERAMENTO PROFISSIONAL E CIDADÃO DO PROFISSIONAL DE SAÚDE NA COMUNIDADE QUILOMBOLA DE PARATIBE- PARAÍBA- BRASIL
Authors: Da Cunha Rafaela Domingos , Nascimento Padilha Wilton Wilney
Published: February 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre os aprendizados acerca da vivência que se deu na comunidade quilombola de Paratibe, na zona sul do município de João Pessoa/Paraíba, pelos extensionistas do Projeto Aquarela, oriundo do Centro de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Tomo como ponto de partida para a reflexão a minha experiência de aprendizado como integrante da extensão popular em saúde, de 2013 a 2015. Acredito que a prática da extensão popular ganha potencial transformador da formação social e cidadã do profissional da saúde, com o exercício da horizontalidade e estabelecimento de vínculos de respeito, confiança e alteridade. O território do quilombo proporcionou aprendizados humanos, sociais e políticos muito caros à nossa formação cidadã, os quais ampliaram a nossa capacidade de enxergar a coletividade e a nós mesmos. E hoje é possível verificar a maneira como fomos transformados, assim como a comunidade, em sua mudança de percepção sobre a atuação da Universidade, e suas práticas; vivenciamos o processo de transpor os muros. O aprendizado vívido do desempenho da academia no seu papel de contribuir na construção de uma nova sociedade e na constituição de sujeitos transformadores.
PRÁTICAS HEGEMÔNICAS NOS CURSINHOS POPULARES UNIVERSITÁRIOS E OS OBJETIVOS INSTITUCIONALIZADOS: APROXIMAÇÕES E AFASTAMENTOS PARA O CASO DA UNESP
Authors: Da Costa Casaut Raul , Amadeu Moura Bego
Published: February 2021

A pesquisa descrita neste artigo buscou traçar como as práticas hegemônicas adotadas nos cursinhos populares da Unesp dialogam com os objetivos institucionalizados para eles: promover preparação adequada para alunos da rede pública de ensino para o ingresso no ensino superior e também formação cidadã e integral. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa do tipo survey, buscando levantar informações acerca do público-alvo ao qual os cursinhos se destinam, como eles são escolhidos, quais tipos de práticas eles adotam, suas características principais e suas finalidades. As informações foram levantadas com base em entrevistas realizadas com coordenadores discentes de 23 cursinhos populares da Unesp. As respostas dos coordenadores foram categorizadas a partir dos princípios da estatística descritiva e da análise de conteúdo. Foi possível identificar que os cursinhos buscam contemplar alunos oriundos da rede pública do ensino básico e desenvolvem práticas de dois tipos principais: preparatórias para o vestibular, usualmente por meio da apropriação e da adaptação de práticas consagradas em cursinhos prestigiados, e práticas voltadas para tornar o cursista um membro atuante e crítico na sociedade. No entanto, observa-se, geralmente, que essas práticas acontecem de maneira espontaneísta, baseadas nas concepções e nos conhecimentos empíricos de seus membros. Um maior diálogo com conhecimentos desenvolvidos na área de ensino e educação e um planejamento direcionado por objetivos bem definidos poderiam torná-las menos espontaneístas e promover os objetivos instituídos a esses cursinhos de maneira mais adequada e com maiores garantias.
A legitimidade dos crimes de perigo abstrato em face do princípio da ofensividade
Authors: Correra Marcelo Carita , Pompeo Monize Flávia
Published: February 2021

O presente estudo, produzido a partir do método lógico-dedutivo com fundamento em revisão bibliográfica de autores nacionais e estrangeiros, busca analisar os crimes de perigo abstrato e sua potencial compatibilidade com a Constituição Brasileira, especialmente diante do princípio da ofensividade (ou lesividade). A sociedade atual, conceituada como uma sociedade de riscos, demanda cada vez mais a manifestação ativa do Estado para regular e evitar atividades potencialmente danosas a bens difusos. Em outras palavras, a sociedade depreca do Estado ações com vistas a disciplinar os riscos decorrentes do convívio social. Inicialmente, o legislador passou a utilizar tipos penais de perigo concreto em conjunto com os tipos penais de dano. Com os riscos cada vez maiores de atividades que podem afetar o meio ambiente ou até mesmo gerar destruição em massa (atividade nuclear), o Estado antecipou ainda mais a tutela penal e criou os crimes de perigo abstrato. Há necessidade de estabelecer um critério objetivo para fixar o limite da legitimidade para criação dos mencionados tipos penais. A proposta testada e confirmada foi reconhecer a constitucionalidade, desde que observem o princípio da precaução. Isto é, a utilização dos referidos tipos só se justifica quando o objeto jurídico protegido for relevante e atrair a incidência do princípio da precaução. Nesse contexto, a antecipação penal promovida é legítima. Isso porque a criação dos tipos de perigo abstrato com fundamento no princípio da precaução entra em conflito com o princípio da ofensividade, que impede a utilização de tipos penais que não impliquem violação de bem jurídico (dano ou perigo concreto). Contudo, diante da relevância de determinados bens, é possível utilizar a técnica de harmonização de princípios, de forma a reduzir o âmbito de atuação do princípio da ofensividade, para que, em determinados casos (como a proteção de bens difusos), exista a incidência conjunta com o princípio da precaução, de forma a permitir a antecipação da tutela penal.
Crescimento econômico e mercados de ações: uma abordagem PVAR do efeito China na América Latina
Authors: Alberto Fuinhas José , Belucio Matheus , Almeida João
Published: February 2021

A crise financeira global, desencadeada pelo mercado de hipotecas de alto risco dos Estados Unidos, alastrou-se por todo o mundo, afetando todas as classes de ativos financeiros. A crise causou impactos negativos que ainda hoje têm reflexos nas economias em desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste estudo consiste na análise da relação entre crescimento econômico e a instabilidade causada pela crise financeira nos principais mercados acionistas Latino-Americanos, nomeadamente: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, México e Peru. Verificou-se também, por meio da aplicação da estrutura Pairwise, os efeitos da China nos mercados acionistas e no Produto Interno Bruto dos países Latino-Americanos. A estimação do Panel Vector Autoregressive model permitiu averiguar a existência do “Efeito China” nos países Latino-Americanos. Os resultados suportam a presença de uma forte relação entre Produto Interno Bruto e os valores movimentados no mercado acionista chinês, e o Produto Interno Bruto e os valores movimentados nos mercados acionistas Latino-Americanos.
WHATSAPP® COMO PROLONGAMENTO DE ESPAÇO FORMATIVO: NARRATIVAS DE PROFESSORES DE LÍNGUA INGLESA DE ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS MUNICIPAIS DE FEIRA DE SANTANA
Authors: Araújo Andreia Machado Castiglioni de , Couto Edvaldo Souza , Ficoseco Verónica Sofia
Published: February 2021

No contexto das tecnologias digitais e da popularização dos aplicativos, o objetivo do artigo é investigar se um grupo no WhatsApp®, composto por professores de Língua Inglesa, dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, de escolas públicas municipais, de Feira de Santana, se configura enquanto espaço de prolongamento da formação continuada ocorrida em 2018. A metodologia utilizada foi a qualitativa, de cunho descritivo e analítico, inspirada na netnografia, com base na exportação e análises de registros de narrativas produzidas pelo grupo de professores. Com o estudo pudemos concluir que existe um crescente engajamento dos professores com o compartilhamento de conteúdos e que eles utilizam as informações contidas nesse grupo para sua formação profissional e, consequentemente, para mudanças nas suas práticas pedagógicas.
INVESTIGAÇÃO BIOGRÁFICA E ANÁLISE COM SOFTWARE: COOPERAÇÃO, EMPODERAMENTO, (DES)ENVOLVIMENTO
Authors: Costa Conceição Leal da , Oliveira João Paulo , Cavas Isabel
Published: February 2021

Neste artigo discutimos algumas questões em torno da investigação biográfica, baseando-nos na que temos desenvolvido, quer na formação de professores, quer com jovens estudantes ou com adultos em situação de vulnerabilidade. Argumentamos, num primeiro momento, sobre a centralidade, atualidade e importância de narrativas e histórias de vida no campo educacional. Assumem-se como fundamentais, numa investigação contemporânea, porque: epistemologicamente ancoradas, ao permitirem construir conhecimento centrado em experiência humana compartilhada; teoricamente sustentadas, ao contemplar o espaço/tempo do vivido e uma compreensão humanizada na produção de conhecimento; metodologicamente implicadas, ao serem coerentes e hábeis na promoção da mudança, com socialização do poder entre os diferentes participantes, aqui entendidos sujeito e investigador. Em seguida, discorremos sobre a relevância de uma investigação biograficamente orientada no desenvolvimento dos sujeitos, incluindo os investigadores. Para tanto, explicitaremos os entendimentos sobre a cooperação, as necessárias coerências entre o objeto de estudo, a metodologia e inerentes questões éticas. Defendemos, igualmente, uma utilização adequada de software de análise. Ilustra-se, então, um processo de análise de narrativas, deixando sobressair relações emergentes e cooperadas construções de sentidos, assim como destacamos avanços teórico-metodológicos coadjuvados pelo NVIVO. Compreendendo que percursos investigativos biograficamente orientados podem ser, em si mesmos, promotores de mudanças, sustentadas e sustentáveis, de quem participa na investigação e dos quotidianos que habitamos. Defende-se, enfim, que os processos de produção das narrativas e as opções de análise podem constituir-se em propostas e avanços teórico-metodológicos, se o rigor da interpretação e a profundidade da reflexão entre sujeitos forem acautelados e adequadamente socializados.
RESSONÂNCIAS DE NARRATIVAS AUTOBIOGRÁFICAS NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Brito Antonia Edna
Published: February 2021

Este estudo aborda as narrativas na formação continuada de professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental na perspectiva de analisar suas ressonâncias nos processos de autoconhecimento, de autoformação e de compreensão das condições objetivas e subjetivas dessa formação e da prática docente. Pressupõe que os professores e sua formação são importantes, mas advoga que as contribuições e os efeitos dos processos formativos necessitam ser analisados considerando sua materialidade e a realidade das práticas de ensinar e aprender no contexto educacional brasileiro. Apresenta resultados de pesquisas desenvolvidas no Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Formação e Profissionalização Docente em Pedagogia, consubstanciadas na abordagem autobiográfica. Conclui que as narrativas, como dispositivos de pesquisa, engendram formas de resistências e de compreensão das dinâmicas de formação continuada de professores.
Estimation of microalgal biomass and oil productivity potential in South America by climate-simulated culturing
Authors: Coronel Camila , CURATTI LEONARDO
Published: February 2021

Current production costs of microalgal biomass indicate that only
highly-productive cultivation facilities will approach commercial
feasibility. Geographical site selection for siting those facilities is
critical for achieving target productivities. The aim of this study was
to provide a semi-empirical estimation of microalgal biomass and lipids
productivity in South America. Simulated-climate was programed in
environmental photobioreactors (PhenometricsTM) for a simulation of
cultivation in open raceway ponds at different geographical sites. The
mean annual South American biomass productivity of 20-cm deep ponds was
12 ± 4 g · m- 2 · d-1. The most productive regions were clustered in the
subtropical and tropical regions of the continent. Fortaleza (Brazil)
showed a low seasonality and a high annual mean productivity of 23 g ·
m-2 · d-1 in 5-cm deep ponds. Lipids accumulation and productivity in
Fortaleza showed a high microalgal oil accumulation up to 46% (w/w) and
a maximum oil productivity of 5 g · m-2 · d-1 for biomass containing
around 20% lipids (w/w). This study provides the first semi-empirical
estimation of microalgal productivity in South America and supports a
high potential of a vast region of the continent.
Tricuspid valve regurgitation management with valve replacement Late Presentation of Traumatic Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation after Motor Vehicle Accident -- Role of 3D Echocardiography
Authors: Lee Hong Seok , Naqvi Tasneem
Published: February 2021

A 51-year-old unrestrained female driver with history of a high-speed
motor vehicle accident had been followed due to progressively worsening
tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR). Three dimensional (3D0
transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) showed a TR jet through a
perforation in the an avulsed anterior leaflet from the tricuspid valve
and another central tricuspid TR jet regurgitation due to tricuspid
leafletresulted from malcoaptation of the leaflets from tricuspid
annulus annular dilatation.
Internal Controls and Operational Performance of Nonprofit Organizations
Authors: Berglund Nathan R. , Sterin Mikhail
Published: February 2021

This study examines the impact of auditor-reported internal control deficiencies (ICDs) on operational performance within nonprofit organizations. Contemporary studies in the for-profit environment document evidence that poor internal controls over financial reporting (ICFR) cause suboptimal operational performance. While these analyses are restricted to ICFR, the nonprofit environment allows external stakeholders to observe the effectiveness of both ICFR and internal controls over compliance. We find robust evidence of negative associations between both ICD types and two key measures of nonprofit operational performance: surplus and the charitable expense ratio. Our findings are relevant to multiple nonprofit stakeholders, demonstrating that the control environment has a pervasive impact on a nonprofit's ability to effectively execute its charitable mission.

JEL Classifications: M41; M42.
Perceived pain during rapid maxillary expansion in children with different expanders:
Authors: de Araújo Marília Carolina , Bocato Jessica Rico , Berger Sandrine Bittencourt , Oltramari Paula Vanessa Pedron , de Castro Ferreira Conti Ana Cláudia , de Almeida Marcio Rodrigues , Freire Fernandes Thais Maria
Published: February 2021

Objectives

To evaluate and compare the intensity of pain caused by rapid maxillary expansion (RME) with two expanders: Hyrax and Haas type, in growing patients.

Materials and Methods

Thirty-nine patients (23 girls and 16 boys) with an average age of 9.3 years (SD = 1.39 years) were randomized into two groups and treated with Hyrax- and Haas-type expanders. In both groups, initial activation of the expander screw was one full turn on the first day followed by 2/4 of a turn two times a day (morning and night) for 7 days. Inclusion criteria were patients presenting with a posterior crossbite or maxillary atresia between 7 and 12 years old. To evaluate the intensity of pain during the active phase of the treatment, a combination of the Numerical Rating Scale and Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale was used. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the two treatment groups.

Results

There was significant inverse correlation between days following insertion and pain. During the expansion period, 100% of the children reported some pain. Hyrax expander subjects reported greater pain than those treated with the Haas-type expander only on the first day. The level of pain remained greater in girls throughout treatment.

Conclusions

Pain was reported regardless of the type of expander and was higher in the Hyrax group only on the first day of activation.
Juventudes, definición y autorreflexión
Authors: Fernández Poncela Anna María
Published: February 2021

El objetivo fue conocer la definición y percepción que tanto un grupo de jóvenes como de adultos tienen en torno al concepto juventud (o juventudes) para luego establecer similitudes y diferencias entre ambas concepciones. Para ello, se efectuaron entrevistas a jóvenes (cuyas edades oscilaban entre los 18 y los 29 años) y a personas adultas (mayores de 40 años). La entrevista diseñada fue aplicada a 80 personas (40 mujeres y 40 hombres). La mitad de los informantes estuvo conformada por jóvenes de entre 18 y 29 años, y la otra mitad por mayores de 40 años. Los participantes en este estudio fueron personas residenciadas en zonas urbanas de la ciudad de México durante la primavera del año 2019, con diferentes niveles educativos, de ingreso y ocupaciones. Los resultados de muestran que para un alto porcentaje de los consultados —independientemente de si eran jóvenes o adultos, mujeres u hombres— la mayoría de la juventud actual está “perdida” y “desorientada”. Sin embargo, cuando se les consultó sobre la definición de ser joven aparecieron expresiones sobre las oportunidades ante la vida presente y futura. En este sentido, el grupo de jóvenes hizo hincapié en la posibilidad de hacer cosas y tener energía, mientras que el de los adultos agregó palabras vinculadas con los sueños, la alegría y lo bonito (adjetivo usado por las mujeres), lo que deja entrever cierto grado de recuerdo y una suerte de melancolía por esa época. En definitiva, se pude decir que si bien algunas opiniones recabadas fueron contradictorias, todas representan una muestra de las ambivalencias que emergen en torno al concepto juventud.
The Influence of E-Service Quality, and Customer Satisfaction On Go-Send Customer Loyalty In Surabaya
Authors: Wirapraja Alexander , Aribowo Handy , Setyoadi Eddy Triswanto
Published: February 2021

The shipping industry is currently one of the vital aspects of industrial business, especially in the current Covid-19 pandemic era. Delivery of goods, both products and foodstuffs, can be done quickly by using courier services that can be accessed through online media such as personal gadgets, namely computers and smartphones. One of the features of GO-Jek Indonesia is a courier service called Go-Send, the problem that arises is that there is competition in the same line of business, causing consumers to have many choices when making deliveries. Measuring the level of loyalty makes researchers interested in measuring Go-Send users' perceptions of the level of customer loyalty as measured by e-service quality and customer satisfaction. This study used a quantitative method using a questionnaire with a Likert scale measurement and a sample of 109 respondents was obtained which was then measured using the Structural-Equation-Modeling (SEM) method with a 95% confidence level. The results of this study indicate that Go-Send user loyalty is positively and significantly influenced by customer satisfaction and the level of e-service quality.
PENGARUH MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS LAPORAN OBSERVASI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 22 PADANG
Authors: Melisa Elda , Rasyid Yulianti
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTthe purpose of this research are three, there are describes (1) skill of writing observation report text class VII SMP Negeri 22 Padang before using discovery learning model, (2) skill of writing observation report text class VII SMP Negeri 22 Padang after using discovery learning model, (3) the influence discovery learning model towards skill of writing observation report text class VII SMP Negeri 22 Padang. There are two research data, there are score of skill on writing observation report text class VII SMP Negeri 22 Padang before and after using discovery learning model. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded three things, there are (1) skill of writing observation report text class VII SMP Negeri 22 Padang before using discovery learning model qualifications are on enough with the average value of 69,97, (2) skill of writing observation report text class VII SMP Negeri Padang 22 after using discovery learning model with good qualifications are on average value of 81,90, and (3) the influence discovery learning model impact skill of writing observation report text class VII SMP Negeri 22 Padang degrees of significance 0,95 and dk = n-1 because thitung > ttabel (5,81 > 1,70).Kata kunci: Pengaruh, Model Discovery Learning, Teks Laporan Observasi
DIKSI DALAM TEKS DESKRIPSI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 11 PADANG
Authors: Tenesia Tevani , Thamsin Andria Catri
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT This research is motivated by the problems in writing description texts of seventh grade students at SMPN 11 Padang. This type of research is qualitative research using descriptive methods. The data from this study is the use of diction in the description text of SMPN 11 Padang students. The data sources used in this study are the sentences in the description text written by seventh grade students of SMPN 11 Padang. The researcher only discussed and examined 30 description text writtings written by seventh grade students of SMPN 11 Padang. Based on the results of the study, the following points can be concluded. First, the description text of class VII of SMPN 11 Padang in the use of diction is more dominant having accurary, precision, and harmony in word selection. This can be proven from 30 student description texts consisting of 96 paragraphs, 332 sentences, and 3,567 dictionaries. There are 3.126 accurary in word selection, 3,507 precision in word selection, and 3,494 harmony in word selection. Second, from the student’s description text, it can be seen that there are still students who don’t understand about the use of diction. It can be seen from 3,567 diction used, there are still innaccuracies in the diction as much as 441 words, the accuracy of diction is 60 words, and the incompatibility of diction is 73 words. Third, students still don’t understand the use of spelling in accordance with the Indonesian spelling rules.  Kata kunci : Kualitatif, Menulis, Teks Deskripsi, Diksi