bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A memória e o espaço ficcional em Os que bebem como os cães, de Assis Brasil
Authors: Carvalho Ederson Dias de , Costa Margareth Torres de Alencar
Published: April 2021

RESUMO13;
A presente pesquisa objetiva analisar a ligação existente entre memória e espaço ficcional, considerando a obra Os que bebem como os cães, do escritor piauiense Assis Brasil. É sabido que o texto literário recorre muitas vezes à memória e ao espaço para a construção dos seus enredos. Diante desse fato, é importante que o leitor perceba que essa recorrência não se dá de forma despretensiosa por parte do autor, ou seja, há sempre um bom motivo, explícito ou não, para a presença desses elementos dentro da obra. Assim, esses aspectos caracterizados do espaço devem ser cuidadosamente considerados ao se deparar com o texto ficcional, pois, do contrário, eles poderão se apresentar como elementos limitadores no que se refere à realização de uma competente análise literária. Não obstante, tais elementos espaciais funcionam em vários momentos da citada obra como gatilhos que acionam o surgimento de imagens advindas da memória.

PALAVRAS - CHAVE: Espaço ficcional; Memória; Os que bebem como os cães
Divulgação científica e ensino de língua portuguesa: reflexões sobre uma proposta de trabalho no ensino médio
Authors: Campani Daiana , Simões Luciene Juliano
Published: April 2021

Muitas escolas brasileiras já adotaram uma metodologia de ensino pela pesquisa, contribundo, dessa forma, para o letramento científico dos estudantes. Nesse contexto, é papel da escola básica oferecer oportunidades para que estudantes-pesquisadores, além de divulgarem suas pesquisas para seus pares, possam também divulgá-las a um público não especialista. Este artigo discute os resultados de uma proposta pedagógica que buscou levar a divulgação científica para a sala de aula de língua materna. A proposta, aplicada em uma escola pública de ensino médio técnico, culminou com a produção de um texto pertencente ao gênero discursivo notícia na esfera do jornalismo de divulgação científica. Os resultados evidenciaram a importância de se trabalhar com a divulgação científica e reafirmaram a necessidade de que as propostas de ensino de língua materna estejam vinculados às práticas sociais. Além disso, reforçaram a importância da interação entre professora e estudantes e, também, entre os próprios estudantes.
A intermediação sensível e a ética discursiva no processo de letramento acadêmico em contexto de educação à distância
Authors: Souto Maior Rita de Cássia , De Lima Antônio Carlos Santos
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o processo de aprendizagem de professores/as em formação inicial dentro das discussões sobre o letramento acadêmico. Utilizando pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Linguística Aplicada, adotamos a perspectiva interpretativista de pesquisa para analisar momentos presenciais e a distância das interações entre professor e discentes no fórum de discussões e em aulas presenciais de um componente curricular ofertado no primeiro semestre do curso de Letras/Português de um Instituto Federal. Após as análises, concluímos que os acontecimentos observados estão relacionados à condução da aula (em momentos presenciais e não presenciais) não condizente a um processo de letramento acadêmico efetivo e significativo. Para o desenvolvimento de uma prática mais efetiva, concluímos que deveria ocorrer uma prática pedagógica de intermediação sensível, associada a produção numa perspectiva de ética discursiva, para que os/as futuros/as professores/as pudessem atuar atendendo à demanda de uma formação mais autônoma e crítica.
A negociação dos mal-entendidos em interações no Twitter
Authors: Hilgert José Gaston , Andrade Débora Cristina Longo
Published: April 2021

Propusemo-nos, neste trabalho, a identificar mal-entendidos em um corpus constituído de mensagens postadas em um ambiente da internet. Procuramos descrever como os interlocutores, por meio de estratégias linguístico-discursivas, operam na organização do texto virtual escrito, com o intuito de monitorar os equívocos de compreensão, de modo a prosseguirem na abordagem do tema em pauta na comunicação. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, foram selecionadas conversações digitais, ou melhor, tweets produzidos por perfis qualificados como figuras públicas em interação com seus seguidores, na rede social Twitter. Na análise do corpus, observamos que, no acontecimento do mal-entendido, os interlocutores se utilizam de procedimentos metadiscursivos para tentar solucionar esses desvios de compreensão que põem em risco o sucesso da interação. Para fundamentar este trabalho, recorremos aos pressupostos teóricos advindos da Etnometodologia Conversacional e da Linguística Interacional. Pretendemos demonstrar, com este estudo, que os interlocutores mobilizam diferentes operações sobre o próprio ato de dizer, na tentativa de negociar os mal-entendidos, tendo em vista assegurar a compreensão, bem como um mínimo de harmonia em suas práticas discursivas no contexto digital.
Literatura, sentimentalismo e kitsch
Authors: Trombetta Gerson Luís
Published: April 2021

O conceito de “sentimentalismo” é normalmente associado a emoções ternas, reconfortantes e suaves, como pena, simpatia, afeto, cuidado, compaixão e carinho. Boa parte das abordagens filosóficas usa o termo “sentimentalismo” para avaliar a experiência com certos tipos de literatura ou objetos kitsch. Nessas abordagens, o sentimentalismo é compreendido como declínio moral ou falha de sensibilidade estética, afetando nossa capacidade de fazer julgamentos razoáveis. Considerando isso, o artigo objetiva demostrar que as críticas levantadas contra o sentimentalismo formam uma “visão padrão” que é simplista e baseada em preconceitos advindos da linguagem filosófica. Ao mesmo tempo, aponta que a condenação do sentimentalismo é um comportamento sentimentalista de segunda ordem. Examina também como, na literatura contemporânea (exemplificada pela segunda fase da obra de Clarice Lispector), o kitsch e o sentimentalismo são utilizados como categorias decisivas para entender a complexidade da condição humana.
Presença do cordel no romance ‘d’A Pedra do Reino e o Príncipe do Sangue do Vai-e-Volta’: o problema da autoria
Authors: Silva José Nogueira da , Santos Adriana Cavalcanti dos
Published: April 2021

O artigo define por objetivo realizar uma elucubração acerca do diálogo entre os textos literários e a ideia de autoria, além de repensar esses conceitos através da busca da influência da Literatura de Cordel na obra Romance d’A Pedro do Reino e o Príncipe do Sangue do Vai-e-Volta, verificando o hibridismo que permeia a linguagem. Os resultados demonstram que embora se perceba a presença de fragmentos de textos da Literatura de Cordel na obra analisada, para além das relações de plágio ou de intertextualidade, o de que autor e leitor são ambos os indivíduos realizadores de leituras, toda leitura é uma releitura e toda escrita uma reescrita.
Nurses’ perceptions related to impaired nurses and knowledge of substance use disorder within the nursing profession
Authors: Pecoraro Rhonda K. , Prude Susan B. , Calamia Dari K. , Creel Eileen L.
Published: April 2021

Objective: Substance Use Disorder continues to be a problem within the nursing profession. Studies have been conducted to examine various aspects of Substance Use Disorder. Although programs have been implemented to help rather than punish nurses, knowledge barriers that affect reporting still exist. The purpose of this study was to examine nurses’ perceptions of impaired nurses, perceptions of reporting an impaired nurse, and perceptions of knowledge regarding Substance Use Disorder within the nursing profession.Methods: A mixed-method descriptive study was conducted using the Perception of Nursing Impairment Inventory tool, as well as three open-ended questions. Lazarus and Folkman’s Transactional Model of stress and coping was used to guide the study and nurses from one state’s nurses’ association in the southeastern region of the United States participated.Results: Based on quantitative findings, most disagreed with the statement there is little that can be done to help impaired nurses and agreed that nurses have an ethical obligation to report if impairment is suspected. Conflicting views were identified for multiple statements on the Perception of Nursing Impairment Inventory. The qualitative findings revealed average or below average knowledge of SUD and identified barriers that may affect reporting.  Further, a culture surrounding the ethical dilemma of reporting was evident.Conclusions: Educational gaps exist between recognizing and reporting the problem of Substance Use Disorder. Although nurses acknowledge an obligation to report, many barriers to reporting were identified. Recommendations were made for additional qualitative research related to nursing education including conflicted feelings about doing what is “right.”
Lokale en regionale democratie ten tijde van corona
Authors: Dymanus Carmen , Hofstra Roos , Michels Ank , Meijer Albert
Published: April 2021

Dossier

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
De regionale corona-aanpak internationaal vergeleken
Authors: Dreef Sofie , van den Berg Caspar , Zaal Annelien
Published: April 2021

Dossier

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
De coronacrisis is een feministisch drama; hoe gaan we dit samen oplossen?
Authors: La Grouw Yvonne
Published: April 2021

R&D

Reflection and debate initiates academically inspired discussions on issues that are on the current policy agenda.
De coronacrisis en de tragiek van ongelijkheid
Authors: Anholt Rosanne , Hoijtink Marijn
Published: April 2021

R&D

Reflection and debate initiates academically inspired discussions on issues that are on the current policy agenda.
Staatsrecht
Authors: van Rijn A.B.
Published: April 2021

Staatsrecht

Dit artikel behandelt de algemene staatsrechtelijke ontwikkeling in de Caribische delen van het Koninkrijk sinds de opheffing van Nederlandse Antillen, de moeizame interactie tussen politiek en de rule of law en de bijbehorende spanningen in die periode, de strubbelingen rond het parlementair stelsel in Curaçao en Sint Maarten en de groeiende bemoeienis vanuit Nederland met de Caribische entiteiten. Ook worden enkele highlights in de wetgeving en de rechtspraak besproken.
Erfrecht onder Caribische vlag
Authors: van der Burght G.
Published: April 2021

Erfrecht onder Caribische vlag

Het Caribisch erfrecht versterkt de positie van de langstlevende echtgenoot. Als erfgenaam naast uitsluitend gemeenschappelijke kinderen, verkrijgt hij alle goederen en de kinderen vorderingen op hem. De beperking tot ‘uitsluitend gemeenschappelijke kinderen’ verdient kritiek: juist bij ‘buitenkinderen’ moet de langstlevende gaan onderhandelen alhoewel hem onder omstandigheden afdwingbare rechten toekomen. Afschaffing van de legitieme portie geeft de erflater meer beschikkingsruimte en boedelafwikkelaars minder kopzorgen, terwijl samenlevers soms rechten kunnen claimen. Golddiggers zijn gewaarschuwd: een kortdurend huwelijk levert hem niets op! Tenslotte neemt het Caribische erfrecht met zijn soepele termijnen afscheid van Hollandse starheid.
Boek 6 BW. Algemeen gedeelte van het verbintenissenrecht en verbintenissen uit overeenkomst
Authors: Klik P.
Published: April 2021

Boek 6 BW. Algemeen gedeelte van het verbintenissenrecht en verbintenissen uit overeenkomst

In deze bijlage wordt een overzicht gegeven van de ontwikkelingen ten aanzien van het algemeen gedeelte van het verbintenissenrecht en verbintenissen uit overeenkomst, zoals geregeld in Boek 6 BW. In de kroniek komt vooral de jurisprudentie aan bod. Onderwerpen die aan de orde komen zijn verzuim, klachtplicht, schade, algemene voorwaarden, afgebroken onderhandelingen, uitleg van overeenkomsten en kwalitatieve verplichtingen (‘welstandsbepalingen’). Verder is er aandacht voor wetgeving, met name onderwerpen waarbij in Nederland nieuwe wetgeving is geïntroduceerd (incassokosten, wettelijke rente bij handelstransacties, elektronisch rechtsverkeer, implementatie van de Richtlijn consumentenrechten, wijziging regeling algemene voorwaarden).
Boek 6 BW. De verbintenis uit de wet
Authors: Klik P.
Published: April 2021

Boek 6 BW. De verbintenis uit de wet

In deze bijlage wordt een overzicht gegeven van de ontwikkelingen ten aanzien van de verbintenis uit de wet, zoals geregeld in Boek 6 BW. De jurisprudentie over onrechtmatige daad staat centraal. Onderwerpen die aan de orde komen zijn gevaarzetting en eigen schuld, recht op eerbiediging van de goede naam en het recht op privacy, kwalitatieve aansprakelijkheden, beroepsaansprakelijkheid, bestuurdersaansprakelijkheid (en ‘vereenzelviging’, misbruik van rechtspersonen, benadeling crediteuren), misbruik van wanprestatie. In een kort intermezzo wordt de in Nederland ingevoerde wetgeving voor vergoeding van ‘affectieschade’ gesignaleerd. De bespreking van de ‘overige’ verbintenissen uit de wet beperkt zich tot ongerechtvaardigde verrijking.
Payments for watershed ecosystem services in the Miringuava basin, Brazil: Mediating or exacerbating conflicts in peri-urban commons?
Authors: Weins Niklas Werner , Santos Leticia Costa de Oliveira , Silva Manuela Dreyer , Gadda Tatiana Maria Cecy , Silva Christian Luiz da
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Este artigo aborda arranjos institucionais e questões de participação em um estudo de caso de um dilema de comuns na esfera periurbana. Visa avaliar a robustez institucional de acordo com os oito princípios de design de Ostrom em um arranjo de Pagamentos por Serviços Ambientais (PSA) na Bacia do Rio Miringuava, São José dos Pinhais, Brasil.Metodologia: Utilizando análise documental e entrevistas semi-estruturadas com partes interessadas, analisamos a aplicabilidade dos oito princípios de design de Ostrom.Relevância: Nossa análise e discussão esclarecem dimensões sociais e institucionais que podem ser insuficientemente consideradas pela administração pública local.Resultados: Embora nossa análise tenha mostrado que a maioria dos princípios se aplica ao caso, favorecendo a implementação de PSA, existem divergências em termos de monitoramento, resolução de conflitos e sanções, apontando para problemas particulares de gestão de comuns periurbanos. Concluímos que PSA pode se tornar um problema de ação coletiva, representando um mecanismo para aumentar a robustez das instituições periurbanas, permitindo interpretar o Serviço Ambiental como um comum.Contribuições teóricas: O PSA para conservação de áreas florestais ocorre paralelamente a uma transição para agricultura orgânica desejada pelas organizações ambientais, mas resistida pelos agricultores locais. Embora a conservação seja justificada pela redução dos custos de tratamento de água e pelo aumento da disponibilidade hídrica, as implicações sociais desta escolha revelam-se muito mais complexas.Contribuições para a gestão: Existe a necessidade de criação de arranjos institucionais que considerem os desequilíbrios de poder e que ampliem as diferentes formas de participação nas arenas de situação-ação criadas para governança e gestão de um bem comum.
METHODOLOGY FOR TESTING A JOINT CARTILAGE
Authors: Mańkowska-Snopczyńska Anita , Piekoszewski Witold , Szczerek Marian , Tuszyński Waldemar , Kotela Ireneusz , Kotela Andrzej
Published: April 2021

A research method was developed to analyse the tribological properties of cartilage tissue. Based on the
literature data and the possibility of obtaining samples of appropriate dimensions, the frequency and
amplitude of friction tests were adopted. Based on the previously conducted preliminary tests, other test
parameters were proposed, such as the frictional contact load and the number of test runs. It was assumed
that the results of the research will be the friction coefficient and the wear intensity of the tribological system.
According to the developed method, a series of verification tests was carried out in which the friction contact
was lubricated in various ways with the selected lubricants. The results of tests of animal cartilage in nonlubricated
contact were used as the reference basis for all the tested associations. The friction tests showed
good method resolution and satisfactory repeatability. In the case of wear characteristics, a greater scatter of
test results was observed. It is probably related to the varied geometrical structure of the cartilage surface as
well as the elastic properties of the bone on which the tissue was placed.
The correctness of the obtained results and a relatively good resolution of the tribological test method were
found.
INVESTIGATION OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES
OF A NEW SYNTHETIC LUBRICANT FOR PASSENGER CAR
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Authors: Nowak Paweł
Published: April 2021

The subject of the article is a synthetic lubricant for the latest generation internal combustion engines, used
especially in passenger cars, equipped with both spark ignition engines and compression ignition engines,
which is used in particular in passenger cars operating in urban conditions, overcoming relatively short
distances, and therefore working usually below the recommended operating temperature of the engine. The
developed 5W30 oil maintains excellent rheological properties (fluidity) also before reaching the correct
operating temperature of the engine, especially at negative temperatures, which results in lower oil pump
resistance and reduced friction of key engine components, which ensures better engine working conditions
and affects its service life.
WEAR OF RAILWAY TYRE STEELS MODELLING USING
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Witaszek Mirosław , Witaszek Kazimierz
Published: April 2021

In the paper the results of sliding wear tests were used to model the dependence of steel volume loss on railway
wheel tyres on selected material parameters and sliding conditions. The material properties included in this
modelling were the hardness and chemical composition of the tyre material (specimens) and the hardness
of the mating material (counter-specimens). The conditions for sliding were the initial maximum Hertzian
pressure and the sliding distance. The tests were carried out in the ring-block system. Artificial neural networks
were used for modelling. It was found that the constructed model made it possible to quantify the volume
loss from the above–mentioned factors. A clear influence of the pressure, friction distance, and hardness of
both cooperating materials on the studied wear was found. The influence of the chemical composition is
less noticeable due to the rather narrow range of its allowable changes. The microscopic tests allowed us to
identify the main wear mechanisms in the sliding friction of the tested tyre and rail steels.
Identification of Aesthetic Values for Visualization Media of Flood Disaster Modeling
Authors: Rezaldi Muhammad Yudhi , Kadir Rabiah Abdul , Ijab Mohamad Taha , Ahmad Azlina , Soewardikoen Didit Widiatmoko , Apip Apip
Published: April 2021

Many flood modelings use geovisualization techniques but are very complicated and can only be understood by researchers or practitioners. There is a need for modelings that are informative and can be understood by ordinary people for the purpose of disaster mitigation. This research analyzed a flood modeling geovisualization sample to find out the extent to which aesthetic values are used in that modeling. For breaking down the modeling, an analytical approach was used as well as physioplastic, ideoplastic, and judgment analyses. Then, the modeling was evaluated through a questionnaire that was distributed using Google Forms to 40 respondents with a background as visual communication design students. The questionnaire was presented using closed questions and a visual analogue scale. The aesthetic parameters used for measuring were: lighting, color, two-dimensional field, three-dimensional field, time/motion, and sound. The evaluation results showed that the flood modeling geovisualization sample did not use aesthetics effectively. Modeling representations need to be simplified into visualizations using a well-planned aesthetic concept to make them more informative. Hopefully, the result of this research will make flood modeling more impactful and easier to understand by ordinary people through the application of aesthetic values such as those addressed in the questionnaire.
The effect of light on follicular development in laying hens
Authors: Cheng Shi Bin , Li Xian Qiang , Wang Jia Xiang , Wu Yan , Li Peng , Pi Jin Song
Published: April 2021

Objective: The oxidative stress status and changes of chicken ovary tissue after shading were studied, to determine the mechanism of the effect of shading on follicular development.Methods: Twenty healthy laying hens (40 weeks old) with uniform body weight and the same laying rate were randomly divided into two groups (the shading group and normal light group). In the shading group, the cage was covered to reduce the light intensity inside the cage to 0 without affecting ventilation or food intake. The normal lighting group received no additional treatment. After 7 days of shading, oxidative stress related indicators and gene expression were detected.Results: Analysis of paraffin and ultrathin sections showed that apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) increased significantly after light shading. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay results revealed that the levels of total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione, catalase (CAT), and other substances in the sera, livers, ovaries, and follicular GCs of laying hens increased significantly after shading for 7 days; and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the livers of laying hens also increased significantly. ROS in the serum, ovarian and GCs also increased. After shading for 7 days, the levels of 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine in the sera and ovarian tissues of laying hens increased significantly. Cell counting kit-8 detection showed that the proliferation activity of GCs in layer follicles decreased after shading for 7 days; the expression level of the anti-apoptotic gene B-cell lymphoma-2 in ovarian tissue and follicular GCs was significantly reduced, and the expression levels of pro-apoptotic caspase 3 (casp3), and SOD, glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2), and CAT were all significantly increased.Conclusion: Oxidative stress induced by shading light has a serious inhibitory effect on follicular development during reproduction in laying hens.
BUSINESS MODEL CHANGE OF PRINTED NEWSPAPERS IN THE INTERNET AGE: THE NEW YORK TIMES CASE
Authors: Lopes Humberto Elias Garcia , Watté Bruno Henrique , Gosling Marlusa Sevilha
Published: April 2021

A internet tem provocado mudanças significativas no consumo de notícias. As empresas jornalísticas mantêm sua audiência, mas não conseguem sustentar sua receita publicitária. Isso exige mudanças no modelo de negócios dos jornais, sendo que o modelo de negócio baseado no paywallporoso, adotado pelo jornal New York Times, tem sido usado em todo o mundo. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o modelo desse jornal norte-americano, identificando as razões de seu sucesso inicial e a viabilidade de sua replicação para outros jornais. A análise documental foi baseada nos relatórios anuais aos investidores publicados entre 2003 e 2012, em reportagens de jornais e revistas especializadas e em entrevistas com especialistas brasileiros. A partir disso, mapeou-se a sequência de movimentos estratégicos para a implantação desse modelo de negócio. Os resultados indicaram que outros jornais devem evitar adotar o modelo de negócio centrado no paywallporoso apenas para imitar o New York Times.
O LADO SOMBRIO DA FORÇA: A MÁ LIDERANÇA E SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS PARA OS INDIVÍDUOS E AS ORGANIZAÇÕES
Authors: Abelha Daniel Martins , Cavazotte Flavia Souza Costa Neves , Niemeyer Jeane Rodrigues Lucena , Villas Boas Otacílio Torres
Published: April 2021

As perspectivas teóricas no campo de estudos sobre a liderança têm se concentrado em discutir como líderes devem ser e agir para mobilizar realizações coletivas. No entanto, na prática, muitos indivíduos carecem desses atributos e, dadas suas limitações e vícios, alguns sequer deveriam estar em posições de liderança. A pesquisa sobre a origem, ascensão e impactos das lideranças tóxicas nas empresas é ainda incipiente, particularmente no Brasil. Contribuindo para a compreensão desse fenômeno, esta pesquisa investigou a má liderança no ambiente corporativo brasileiro, a partir das experiências vivenciadas por 35 profissionais de diferentes setores e áreas de atuação. Com base nesses relatos e na aplicação da análise de conteúdo, foram derivados seis tipos de maus lideres: incompetente, omisso, inconsistente, rígido, abusivo e desleal. O estudo analisou as principais consequências da má liderança para os liderados, as equipes e as organizações, bem como as estratégias de reação mais frequentemente adotadas. O artigo discute as implicações teóricas e práticas dessas observações, apresentando uma agenda para pesquisas futuras.
Árvore de ECOS: Um Jogo para Ensino de Conceitos de Ecossistemas de Software
Authors: Ferreira Thaís De Souza Deluca , Viana Davi , Santos Rodrigo Pereira dos
Published: April 2021

A área de engenharia de software (ES) tem avançado em pesquisas teóricas e aplicadas, buscando atender às exigências de um mercado cada vez mais competitivo e dinâmico. Evolução tecnológica e mudanças constantes no desenvolvimento de software, além de experiências da indústria, trazem desafios para a área. Neste contexto, instituições de ensino têm dificuldades para se adaptar a este cenário e lidar com a abrangência de novos temas em ES. Novos temas têm surgido e, dentre eles, pode-se destacar ecossistemas de software (ECOS), que tem ganhado destaque na indústria e levado a diversas pesquisas na área. Por ser um cenário novo e com diversos conceitos que precisam ser ensinados e que nem sempre são triviais, é importante que o conhecimento seja passado de forma clara e simples e que o processo de ensino-aprendizagem seja o mais atrativo possível. Tendo em vista que a área de ES tem utilizado jogos no ensino e que o tema ECOS, por ser novo, ainda é muito pouco explorado nesse sentido, este trabalho apresenta um jogo digital para apoiar o ensino de conceitos de ECOS, chamado Árvore de ECOS. O jogo foi construído seguindo o processo de desenvolvimento de jogos educacionais ENgAGED e verificado com alunos com base no modelo de avaliação MEEGA+. Para esta pesquisa, foram analisadas as dimensões usabilidade, desafio, satisfação, diversão, atenção focada, relevância e percepção da aprendizagem do modelo MEEGA+. Os resultados mostraram que, na percepção dos estudantes, o jogo ajuda no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de conceitos básicos sobre ECOS, sendo mais atrativo para aqueles que não jogam com tanta frequência, pois o jogo foca em mecânicas e objetivos mais simples a fim de evitar outras barreiras ao processo.
ProgramSE: Um Jogo para Aprendizagem de Conceitos de Lógica de Programação
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Ribeiro , Rivero Luis , Santos Rodrigo Pereira dos
Published: April 2021

O ensino de programação faz parte da formação acadêmica básica em Computação e áreas afins. Pesquisas anteriores reportam que estudantes têm muitas dificuldades relacionadas às disciplinas de programação, como a falta de compreensão do raciocínio lógico, que afeta o índice de reprovação e gera desistência de estudantes nos cursos de graduação da área. Com isso, técnicas e ferramentas são concebidas para apoiar o ensino-aprendizagem de disciplinas de programação, dentre elas, o uso de jogos digitais. Neste trabalho, o objetivo é apresentar um jogo digital educacional cuja utilização visa apoiar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de programação para iniciantes no ensino superior. A proposta do ProgramSE é auxiliar o estudante para que possa conhecer novos conceitos de lógica de programação e fixar conhecimentos prévios, por meio de analogias a ações da rotina diária de um estudante em sua casa (e.g., ligar equipamentos, organizar objetos etc.). Partindo dos resultados de estudos prévios, o jogo foi construído e inspirado pela Teoria Pedagógica do Construtivismo e pela Taxonomia de Bloom. Adotou-se como base a programação em blocos para a construção de desafios a partir do Construct 3. A usabilidade e efetividade baseada na experiência do jogador foram avaliadas em duas turmas de iniciantes em programação de dois cursos de graduação por meio do modelo MEEGA+. A percepção dos alunos em relação à forma com que os conceitos de programação foram ensinados foi positiva. O jogo obteve notas medianas positivas para a maioria dos itens avaliados a partir do modelo MEEGA+. Além disso, na percepção dos estudantes, o jogo pode auxiliar no processo inicial de ensino-aprendizagem de programação. Os resultados indicaram a aceitação dos estudantes quanto aos jogos digitais voltados ao ensino, devendo-se considerar os aspectos de jogabilidade para o engajamento.
Modelo de Avaliação Formativa para a Aprendizagem com Gamificação: Um Estudo de Caso para o Ensino de Engenharia
Authors: Gonçalves Marcos Ceron , Freitas André Luis Castro de , Gonçalves Eder Mateus Nunes
Published: April 2021

Este artigo apresenta um modelo de avaliação para a aprendizagem baseado em gamificação fundamentado no conceito de avaliação formativa, elaborado por meio da plataforma Moodle. Os relatos de estudos de caso relacionados demonstram que, ao se trabalhar com gamificação, a construção do processo avaliativo é problemática. A partir das concepções depreendidas da fundamentação teórica, foi idealizada a aplicação baseada no modelo proposto. Para a realização do estudo de caso, foram compostos dois grupos a partir de um total de onze estudantes de Engenharia de Computação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG): grupo controle, que realizou as tarefas utilizando a forma padrão da disciplina; e grupo experimental, que utilizou o modelo elaborado nesta pesquisa. Os resultados foram obtidos sob duas perspectivas: qualitativa e quantitativa. A primeira analisou o desempenho dos estudantes nas tarefas comparando as pontuações alcançadas para cada um dos grupos. A segunda mensurou o impacto e a aceitação da ferramenta proposta como facilitadora da avaliação para a aprendizagem. Concluiu-se que os estudantes que utilizaram o modelo gamificado obtiveram melhores resultados em termos de notas, na comparação com o grupo de controle, bem como consideraram positiva a experiência com a ferramenta. Dessa forma, é possível inferir que o modelo de avaliação formativa gamificado contribui para a aprendizagem no contexto em que foi empregado.
Boundary Element Modeling and Simulation Algorithm for Fractional Bio-Thermomechanical Problems of Anisotropic Soft Tissues
Authors: Abdelsabour Fahmy Mohamed
Published: April 2021

The main purpose of this chapter is to propose a novel boundary element modeling and simulation algorithm for solving fractional bio-thermomechanical problems in anisotropic soft tissues. The governing equations are studied on the basis of the thermal wave model of bio-heat transfer (TWMBT) and Biot’s theory. These governing equations are solved using the boundary element method (BEM), which is a flexible and effective approach since it deals with more complex shapes of soft tissues and does not need the internal domain to be discretized, also, it has low RAM and CPU usage. The transpose-free quasi-minimal residual (TFQMR) solver are implemented with a dual-threshold incomplete LU factorization technique (ILUT) preconditioner to solve the linear systems arising from BEM. Numerical findings are depicted graphically to illustrate the influence of fractional order parameter on the problem variables and confirm the validity, efficiency and accuracy of the proposed BEM technique.
Ethical Considerations for Global Pediatric Cardiac Surgical Assistance Programs
Authors: M. Novick William
Published: April 2021

Global health initiatives have expanded over the last 25 years and are no longer based solely on improving public health issues like clean water and childhood vaccination programs. Global healthcare assistance has grown into programs that provide specialty services and education today. Cardiovascular diseases are causing more deaths today in low and middle-income countries today as infectious diseases cease to be the number one cause of mortality in many of these countries. Growth in cardiovascular assistance has been substantial during the last 25 years and especially in the area of pediatric cardiac care. We discuss the ethical issues that can be found when visitors assist countries with different cultural values. The success of program development depends on navigating the ethical issues such that all stakeholders are satisfied with the project and the end result. The foundation of program development should be based upon medical ethics that are sensitive to cultural differences so that a capable sustainable program is developed upon completion.
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: Physiopathological Mechanism and Clinical Manifestations
Authors: Pérez-Cabeza De Vaca Rebeca , Vairappan Balasubramaniyan , Cortés Espinoza Tomás , Antonio Suárez Cuenca Juan , Licona Cassani Cuauhtemoc , Maldonado Arriaga Brenda , Navarro Gerrard Chrisitan , Selene Morgan Penagos Diana , Mondragón Terán Paul , Chagoya De Sanchez Victoria
Published: April 2021

Changes in intestinal permeability have been determined to influence secondary inflammatory reactions and clinical manifestations such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) secondary to cirrhosis. As of yet, no in-depth exploration of the changes in the microbiota and how this influences cirrhosis to differ from clinically more severe cases than others has not begun. However, at the level of pathophysiological mechanism, it must be taken into account that due to the abuse of substances such as alcohol and chronic fatty liver disease, changes in the bacterial composition and intestinal permeability are induced. This set of changes in the bacterial composition (microbiome) and modification of the intestinal permeability could be related to the presence of ascites and spontaneous peritonitis secondary to cirrhosis, being of relevance the knowledge of the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, as well as clinical manifestation. Prophylaxis and antibiotic treatment of SBP requires clinical knowledge for the treatment decisions based mainly on the presence of ascitic fluid, accompanied of risk factors, laboratory indexes such as PMN count and culture results, in order to determine the kind of molecule that will help to the SBP recovery or to amelioration symptoms, always taking care of not exceed the antibiotic consumption and restoring the microbiome imbalance.
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
Authors: Yuan Kuo-Ching , Fu Chih-Yuan , Huang Hung-Chang
Published: April 2021

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is a progressively increasing intraabdominal pressure of more than 20 mm Hg with new-onset thoracoabdominal organ dysfunction. Primary abdominal compartment syndrome means increased pressure due to injury or disease in the abdominopelvic region. Secondary abdominal compartment syndrome means disease originating from outside the abdomen, such as significant burns or sepsis. As the pressure inside the abdomen increases, organ failure occurs, and the kidneys and lungs are the most frequently affected. Managements of ACS are multidisciplinary. Conservative treatment with adequate volume supple and with aggressive hemodynamic support is the first step. Decompressive laparotomy with open abdomen is indicated when ACS is refractory to conservative treatment and complicated with multiple organ failure. ACS can result in a high mortality rate, and successful treatment requires cooperation between physicians, intensivists, and surgeons.
Vitamin D Metabolism
Authors: Acar Sezer , Özkan Behzat
Published: April 2021

Vitamin D plays an important role in bone metabolism. Vitamin D is a group of biologically inactive, fat-soluble prohormones that exist in two major forms: ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) produced by plants in response to ultraviolet irradiation and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) derived from animal tissues or 7-dehydrocholesterol in human skin by the action of ultraviolet rays present in sunlight. Vitamin D, which is biologically inactive, needs two-step hydroxylation for activation. All of these steps are of crucial for Vitamin D to show its effect properly. In this section, we will present vitamin D synthesis and its action steps in detail.
Temperature and Humidity Control for the Next Generation Greenhouses: Overview of Desiccant and Evaporative Cooling Systems
Authors: Sultan Muhammad , Ashraf Hadeed , Miyazaki Takahiko , R. Shamshiri Redmond , A. Hameed Ibrahim
Published: April 2021

Temperature and humidity control are crucial in next generation greenhouses. Plants require optimum temperature/humidity and vapor pressure deficit conditions inside the greenhouse for optimum yield. In this regard, an air-conditioning system could provide the required conditions in harsh climatic regions. In this study, the authors have summarized their published work on different desiccant and evaporative cooling options for greenhouse air-conditioning. The direct, indirect, and Maisotsenko cycle evaporative cooling systems, and multi-stage evaporative cooling systems have been summarized in this study. Different desiccant materials i.e., silica-gels, activated carbons (powder and fiber), polymer sorbents, and metal organic frameworks have also been summarized in this study along with different desiccant air-conditioning options. However, different high-performance zeolites and molecular sieves are extensively studied in literature. The authors conclude that solar operated desiccant based evaporative cooling systems could be an alternate option for next generation greenhouse air-conditioning.
The Association Between Male Infertility and Cardiometabolic Disturbances: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Behboudi-Gandevani Samira , Bidhendi Yarandi Razieh , Rostami Dovom Marzieh , Azizi Fereidoun , Ramezani Tehrani Fahimeh
Published: April 2021

Background: Further studies are needed to extend our knowledge about the association between male infertility and cardio-metabolic disorders. Objectives: We aimed to assess the association between male infertility and cardiometabolic disturbances using a population-based design. Methods: In total, 1611 participants of the Tehran-Lipid and Glucose-Study (phase III) were categorized into two groups of men with documented male infertility (n = 88) and those with at least one live birth and no history of primary infertility (n = 1523). Logistic regression was applied to explore the association between male infertility and cardiometabolic disturbances, including diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, obesity, central obesity, and chronic kidney disease, following adjustment for age and body mass index (BMI). Results: The unadjusted model revealed a significant association between infertility and hypertension and CKD (OR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2, 2.9, P-value = 0.006 and OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.6, P-value = 0.033), respectively. However, after adjusting for age and BMI, as potential confounders, this association was not significant. Moreover, there was no association between infertility and other cardiometabolic disturbances, including diabetes and pre-diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, obesity, and central obesity in both unadjusted and adjusted models. Conclusions: Our study revealed no association between male infertility and cardiometabolic disturbances. The findings can pave the way for further studies to extend our knowledge in this field. More population-based studies with a large sample size are warranted to confirm these findings.
Nd:YAG Laser in the Treatment of Nail Psoriasis: Clinical and Dermoscopic Assessment
Authors: Hesham Ali Elwan Yasmin , Azim Amira , Starace Michela , Shawky Abd Elhafiz Hala
Published: April 2021

Background: The Nd:YAG laser has emerged as a promising modality for the management of nail psoriasis owing to its ability for deep penetration of the skin surface, which has the advantage of destroying deep vessels.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of Nd:YAG laser in treating nail psoriasis.

Methods: The present study was a randomized controlled study, conducted on 20 patients of both sexes (age older than 12 years) with mild to moderate psoriasis with nail involvement. We utilized facial telangiectasia parameters of Nd:YAG laser and beam diameter of 2.5 mm. Laser energy started with 110 J/cm2 in the first session and 130 J/cm2 in the rest of the sessions. Sessions were performed once monthly for up to 6 sessions.

Results: We found no statistically significant difference in total Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI) and nail bed scores before and after treatment among the treated group. However, there was statistically significant improvement in nail matrix score after treatment. On the other hand, the control group did not show any statistically significant changes for all scores throughout the study, except for the nail matrix score mean difference (0.35 ± 1.23 vs -1.00 ± 1.86 in the treated group). The degree of dermoscopic improvement was evident in the treated group (45% vs 25% in the control group). However, it was not statistically significant because of small sample size. The patients’ satisfaction and the external investigator’s assessment showed statistically significant negative correlation with total NAPSI mean difference in the treated group.

Conclusion: The role of Nd:YAG laser in nail psoriasis is still controversial.
Revisiting the Question of Israel
Authors: Katz Claire Elise ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

In her chapter on Judith Butler’s Parting Ways, Seyla Benhabib revisits not only Levinas’s statements on Israel but also Butler’s response to them. Several of Levinas’s statements on the State of Israel were made either before the state came into existence or just as it was forming. And several of Levinas’s statements about the hostility that Israel faces were made not about the Palestinian but about the threats to Israel from its neighboring Arab states. In this essay, I revisit those statements and Butler’s response, in order to place them in their proper context. My aim is to ask what we can learn by revisiting these comments when placed in their original context as opposed to thinking of them as comments about Israel in its more contemporary struggles.
Evil and the Ritual of Shame
Authors: Doubt Keith ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

This study examines the ritualized character of crimes against humanity in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Encompassing a victim, a victimizer, and a witness, degradation ceremonies structured the activity of what is euphemistically called ethnic cleansing. The observing world played the role of witness, which became a perpetuating component of the ritual.The discussion leads to the formulation of evil as the degradation of not only an individual human being but also humanity itself.
Descartes in the Matrix
Authors: Garza Gilbert ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

With the 1999 film The Martix as its point of departure, this work explores the meaning of ‘reality’ outside the scope of empirical positivism. Drawing on the phenomenological epistemology of the interplay of noetic and noematic dimensions of experience postulated by Husserl, and on the works of Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty, this work considers how the reality of our experience derives not from some correspondence to a universal ‘objective’ point of view, but from our concernful involvement with our lived world as the horizon of our lived and known projects. Finally, in light of Ricoeur’s work on imagination and productive reference, this work considers whether and on what grounds the distinction between so called ‘real’ and ‘virtual’ experiences is meaningful.
Singing the World in a New Key
Authors: Toadvine Ted ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

To what extent can meaning be attributed to nature, and what is the relationship between such “natural sense” and the meaning of linguistic and artistic expressions? To shed light on such questions, this essay lays the groundwork for an “ontology of sense” drawing on the insights of phenomenology and Merleau-Ponty’s theory of expression. We argue that the ontological continuity of organic life with the perceived world of nature requires situating sense at a level that is more fundamental than has traditionally been recognized. Accounting for the genesis of this primordial sense and the teleology of expressive forms requires the development of an ontology of being as interrogation, as suggested by Merleau-Ponty’s later investigations.
Unravelling the Potamonautes lirrangensis (Rathbun, 1904) species complex (Potamoidea: Potamonautidae), with the description of two new species
Authors: Cumberlidge Neil , Johnson Emily , Clark Paul F. , Genner Martin J.
Published: April 2021

The taxonomic status of the widely distributed freshwater crab Potamonautes lirrangensis (Rathbun, 1904) sensu lato is revised because morphological and molecular evidence indicates that this taxon is a complex comprising more than one species. Four taxa are now recognized: Potamonautes lirrangensis (Rathbun, 1904) s. str. and P. kisangani sp. nov. from the Middle Congo River in Central Africa, P. amosae sp. nov. from the drainages of Lakes Kivu and Tanganyika, and P. orbitospinus (Cunnington, 1907) from Lake Malawi which had been previously synonymised with P. lirrangensis s. lat. Diagnoses, illustrations and distribution maps are provided for each of these taxa and they are compared to similar species from Central and Southern Africa.
The future of print media in the Republic of Serbia in the digital age: Media-sociological aspect
Authors: Nedeljković Marko
Published: April 2021

The constant decline in circulation, audience and print revenue, the development of a new culture of information, with the concurrent strengthening of online media, have led to the point where the transformation of print media has become inevitable. Therefore, in theoretical and professional discussions, the key question is how to respond to all changes and ensure the survival of print media outlets. In order to investigate this issue, a study based on the empirical method and the procedure of non-experimental research was conducted, which included five daily newspaper newsrooms in Serbia. The results show that new journalistic competencies are still present on a small scale in most newsrooms, that they are characterized by traditional work organization, as well as that they do not sufficiently involve new media professionals. These are also three key elements that hinder the transformation of print media and their adaptation to the digital age.
Mort, ce lieu commun
Authors: Castillo Durante Daniel
Published: April 2021

Notre société marchande contemporaine stéréotype le rapport à la mort. Incapable de projeter sa conscience au-delà d’une temporalité imposée par la consommation, le sujet actuel se refuse à penser sa propre mort. Afin d’échapper au temps et au lieu que la mortalité fixe comme frontière radicale, il sombre dans une économie de la copie que le caractère spectaculaire des sociétés occidentales ne fait qu’exacerber. Le présent article s’interroge sur ce phénomène.
Ériger des cimetières, construire l’identité
Authors: Natali Cristiana
Published: April 2021

Au début des années 1990, dans un Sri Lanka ravagé par la guerre civile, les Tigres de la Libération du Tamil Eelam (TLTE) ont modifié de manière significative les pratiques funéraires réservées à leurs combattants. À partir de cette période, les cadavres des combattants Tigres, jusque-là incinérés selon la tradition hindoue, ont commencé à être confiés à la terre. Ce changement a mené à l’établissement de cimetières Tigres (Tuillum Illam, littéralement « maison du sommeil »). Cet article traite des raisons qui ont fait desTuillum Illamdes lieux privilégiés pour le développement de la nouvelle identité nationale tamoule.