bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Timing of resection of synchronous colorectal liver metastasis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gumiero Juliana Lima , Oliveira Beatriz Mariana Silva de , Neto Paulo Alves de Oliveira , Pandini Rafael Vaz , Gerbasi Lucas Soares , Figueiredo Marleny Novaes , Kruger Jaime Arthur Pirola , Seid Victor Edmond , Araujo Sérgio Eduardo Alonso , Tustumi Francisco
Published: January 2023

Introduction

The resection of the primary colorectal tumor and liver metastases is the only potentially curative strategy. In such cases, there is no consensus on whether the resection of the primary tumor and metastases should be performed simultaneously or whether a staged approach should be performed (resection of the primary tumor and after, hepatectomy, or the “liver first” approach). The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of hepatectomy associated with colectomy in colorectal neoplasms, comparing simultaneous and staged resection.

Methods

A systematic literature review was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Lilacs, and manual reference search. The last search was in July/2021. Inclusion criteria were: studies that compared simultaneous and staged hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastasis; studies that analyze short and/or long‐term outcomes. Exclusion criteria were reviews, letters, editorials, congress abstract, and full‐text unavailability. Perioperative outcomes and overall survival were evaluated and, for staged resections, the outcomes associated with each procedure were added. The ROBINS‐I and GRADE tools were used to assess the risk of bias and quality of evidence. Synthesis was performed using Forest plots. The PRISMA criteria (PROSPERO: CRD42021243762) were followed.

Results

The initial search collected 5655 articles and, after selection, 33 were included, covering 6417 patients. Simultaneous resection was associated with shorter length of stay (DR: −3.48 days [95% confidence interval {CI}: −5.64, −1.32]), but with a higher risk of postoperative mortality (DR: 0.02 [95% CI: 0.01, 0.02]). There was no difference between groups for blood loss (risk difference [RD]: −141.38 ml [95% CI: −348.84, 66.09]), blood transfusion (RD: −0.06 [95% CI: −0.14, 0.03]) and general complications (RD: 0.01 [95% CI: −0.06, 0.04]). The longest operating time in staged surgery was not statistically significant (RD: ‐50.44 min [95% CI: −102.38, 1.49]). Regarding overall survival, there is no difference between groups (hazard ratio: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.71–1.04).

Conclusion

Patients must be well selected for each strategy. Simultaneous approach to patients at high surgical risk should be avoided due to increased perioperative mortality. However, when the patient presents a low surgical risk, the simultaneous approach reduces the hospital stay and guarantees long‐term results equivalent to staged surgery.
An Update on Clinical Utility of Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Liu Bo , Xu Hui‐Ying , Zhang Rui , Han Lu , Li Yang , Sun Xiao‐Feng
Published: January 2023

In knee osteoarthritis (KOA), timely and accurate assessment of the severity is essential to help orthopedic surgeons determine the most appropriate therapeutic strategies and evaluate disease outcomes and responses for corresponding treatments. In KOA, musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MSUS) could effectively help detect various abnormalities, including synovitis, osteophytes, and cartilage damage. Further, MSUS could be used to monitor the response to different therapies in KOA, to guide local diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. In the future, applications based on continuously evolving US tools could enhance the clinical utility of MSUS in KOA.
Glacial retreat and rising temperatures are limiting the expansion of temperate kelp species in the future Arctic
Authors: Niedzwiedz Sarina , Bischof Kai
Published: January 2023

Kelps act as ecosystem engineers on many polar rocky shore coastlines. The underwater light climate and temperature are the main drivers for their vertical and latitudinal distribution. With temperatures rising globally, an Arctic expansion of temperate kelp species and an accelerating glacial melt is predicted. It was our aim to investigate the effects of retreating glaciers and rising temperatures on the potential habitat of kelps in Arctic fjords. We analyzed the underwater light climate of areas being influenced by different stages of glacial retreat (sea‐terminating glacier, land‐terminating glacier, coastal water) in Arctic Kongsfjorden. We observed reduced light intensities and a changed spectral composition in glacial meltwater plumes, potentially resulting in an upward shift of the lower depth limit of kelp, counteracting the predicted biomass increase in the Arctic. Furthermore, we studied temperature‐related changes in light‐use characteristics in two kelp species (Alaria esculenta, Saccharina latissima) at 3°C, 7°C, and 11°C. Rising temperatures lead to a significant increase of the compensation irradiance of A. esculenta. The dark respiration of S. latissima increased significantly, correlating with a decreasing carbon content. We detected no differences in photosynthetic rates, although the chlorophyll a concentration of A. esculenta was ~ 78% higher compared to S. latissima. Ultimately, temperature‐induced changes in kelps light‐use characteristics might lead to a changed species composition, as we found A. esculenta better adapted to polar conditions. We conclude that the deterioration of the underwater light climate and the temperature increase may drive substantial changes of the future Arctic kelp forest structure.
Coastal wetland adaptability to sea level rise: The neglected role of semi‐diurnal vs. diurnal tides
Authors: Belliard Jean‐Philippe , Gourgue Olivier , Govers Gerard , Kirwan Matthew L. , Temmerman Stijn
Published: January 2023

Tidal marshes and mangroves are threatened by relative sea level rise (RSLR) in certain regions on Earth. Elsewhere, these coastal wetlands can adapt through sediment accretion and resulting surface elevation gain. Studies identifying drivers of the global variability in coastal wetland adaptability to RSLR ignored the role of the tidal pattern, varying from semi‐diurnal to diurnal globally. Here, we present a meta‐analysis, including 394 marsh and mangrove sites worldwide, and demonstrate that the tidal pattern explains ~ 25% of the variability in wetland elevation response to RSLR. Using a numerical model, we illustrate that less frequent, diurnal tides trigger lower sediment accretion rates, hence higher wetland vulnerability to RSLR, for various values of RSLR rates, tidal range and sediment supply. Our findings reveal a previously overlooked but relevant driver of coastal wetland adaptability to RSLR and call for new research as tidal patterns may affect other wetland ecosystem functions and services.
Stationary and oscillatory patterns of a food chain model with diffusion and predator‐taxis
Authors: Han Renji , Röst Gergely
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we investigate pattern dynamics in a reaction‐diffusion‐chemotaxis food chain model with predator‐taxis, which extends previous studies of reaction‐diffusion food chain model. By virtue of diffusion semigroup theory, we first prove global classical solvability and boundedness for the considered model over a bounded domain
with smooth boundary for arbitrary predator‐taxis sensitivity coefficient. Then the linear stability analysis for the considered model shows that chemotaxis can induce the losing of stability of the unique positive spatially homogeneous steady state via Turing bifurcation and Turing‐spatiotemporal Hopf bifurcation. These bifurcations results in the formation of two kinds of important spatiotemporal patterns: stationary Turing pattern and oscillatory pattern. Simultaneously, the threshold values for Turing bifurcation and Turing‐spatiotemporal Hopf bifurcation are given explicitly. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to illustrate and support our theoretical findings, and some interesting non‐Turing patterns are found in temporal Hopf parameter space by numerical simulation.
Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) Regulates mTORC1 Signaling and Autophagy by Inhibiting SESN2 Expression
Authors: Wang GuoYan , Chen Lei , Qin SenLin , Geng HuiJun , Xia Chao , Zheng YiNing , Lei XinJian , Zhang Jun , Wu ShengRu , Yao JunHu , Deng Lu
Published: January 2023

Scope

The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), as a link between nutrients and autophagy, senses many nutrients in the microenvironment. A growing body of recent literature describes the function of bile acids (BAs) as versatile signaling molecules, while it remains largely unclear whether mTORC1 can sense BAs and the mechanism has not been studied.

Methods and results

After treating LO2 cells with indicated concentration of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) inhibitor/activator for 6 h, it finds that CDCA and FXR significantly accelerate mTORC1 activation. The results of immunofluorescence indicate that CDCA and FXR inhibit cellular autophagy through activating mTORC1 pathway. In particular, these findings show that CDCA and FXR promote the lysosomal translocation and activation of mTORC1 in an amino acid‐sensitive manner. Mechanistically, the transcriptomics data indicate that SESN2 is a checkpoint for mTORC1 lysosome translocation and activation induced by FXR, and knockdown SESN2 with siRNA suppresses the regulation of FXR on autophagy.

Conclusion

These results indicate that FXR‐induced decrease in SESN2 expression and activation of the mTORC1 pathway can control autophagy and be explored as potential therapeutic targets for enterohepatic and metabolic disorders.
New strategies for developing GPU accelerated disk‐based discontinuous deformation analysis for large‐scale modeling
Authors: Liu Feng , Chen Zediao , Xia Kaiwen , Xu Dongdong , Yang Yongtao
Published: January 2023

The major obstacle for the application of discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) in engineering problems is the high computational cost and poor efficiency. In this paper, the main algorithms of disk‐based DDA are redesigned and implemented on graphics processing unit (GPU) to improve its performance. First, a contact pair‐wise scheme is proposed to assemble the stiffness matrix on GPU. Second, a buffer strategy and a GPU version of grid‐based contact detection algorithm are developed to improve the efficiency of contact detection. Third, for solving the simultaneous equations, two iterative methods are considered along with the direct solver method. The parallel performances of proposed strategies are tested and compared with the CPU counterparts. The results show that the maximum speedup ratio is 14 for the assembly of the stiffness matrix and 215 for contact detection. The speedup ratio for solving simultaneous equations depends on several factors, and the preconditioned conjugate gradients method (pcg) is suggested. Finally, the effectiveness and performance of the proposed GPU accelerated disk‐based DDA is further demonstrated by several examples, one of which consisted of over 500,000 particles. The results show that the proposed method can achieve a satisfactory speedup ratio, and is ready for large‐scale problems.
Investigation of urinary disorders, functional independence, and quality of life in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Türker Arda , Özkeskin Mehmet
Published: January 2023

Purpose

The study aimed to investigate the relationship between voiding disorders, functional independence, and quality of life, according to the gross motor function classification system, in children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 8–17.

Methods

A total of 102 individuals (aged 8–17) with CP were included in the study. The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Scoring System (DVISS), Wee Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM), and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) were used to evaluate the clinical parameters.

Results

There is a statistically significant difference in DVISS (p = 0.010), WeeFIM (p = 0.001), and PedsQL (p = 0.001) scores of individuals with CP regarding GMFCS. According to the CP classification, there is a statistically significant difference between WeeFIM (p = 0.001) and PedsQL (p = 0.020) scores. Besides, there is a significant difference between DVISS (p = 0.048), WeeFIM (p = 0.001) and PedsQL (p = 0.001) according to the ambulation status of individuals with CP. On the other hand, there is a positive moderate, statistically significant correlation between WeeFIM and PedsQL scores (ρ = 0.306, r = 0.002). A moderately negative statistically significant relationship exists between PedsQL and DVISS (ρ = −0.266, r = 0.007). A negative, moderate, statistically significant correlation was shown between DVISS and WeeFIM scores (ρ = −0.323, r = 0.001).

Conclusions

As the gross motor functional level of individuals with CP increased, voiding dysfunction increased; on the other hand, functional independence and quality of life decreased.
Curing spurious magneto‐mechanical coupling in soft non‐magnetic materials
Authors: Rambausek Matthias , Schöberl Joachim
Published: January 2023

The present work is concerned with the issue of spurious coupling effects that are pervasive in fully coupled magneto‐mechanical finite element simulations involving very soft non‐magnetic or air‐like media. We first address the characterization of the spurious magneto‐mechanical effects and their intuitive interpretation based on energy considerations. Then, as main contribution, we propose two new cures for the issue under consideration that completely prune the undesired spurious magneto‐mechanical coupling in non‐magnetic media. The proposed methods are compared with established methods in the context of magnetic bodies embedded in (i) air or vacuum and (ii) very soft elastic non‐magnetic media. The comparison shows that the proposed approaches are accurate and effective. They, furthermore, allow for a consistent linearization of the coupled boundary value problems, which is crucial for the simulation of compliant structures. For reproducibility and accessibility of the proposed methods, we provide our implementations with Netgen/NGSolve as well as all codes necessary for the reproduction of our results as supplementary material.
Subnational government responses to the Covid‐19 pandemic: Expectations, realities and lessons for the future
Authors: Smoke Paul , Tosun Mehmet Serkan , Yilmaz Serdar
Published: January 2023

Although national government and international actor responses to the Covid‐19 pandemic have been very much in the public eye, the subnational government role has received less attention. Certain pandemic impacts were universal, but the mix and relative severity differed across countries, The actions taken had to reflect these variations, as well as to reflect country socio‐economic, fiscal, institutional and political context. Diversity across areas within countries also required differentiated action. This article provides an overview of the potential subnational government role in pandemic response, summarizes what is known about what actually occurred, and raises the prospect that what was learned in the pandemic might help policymakers and managers both to identify ways to better respond in future crises and to create awareness of and opportunities for needed reforms in intergovernmental systems. This background sets the stage for other articles in this issue that focus on selected countries. Their experiences reinforce lessons from global experience and also provide insights from deeper analysis of specific cases.
The phospholipid flippase ATP9A enhances macropinocytosis to promote nutrient starvation tolerance in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiaoqing , Li Yue , Xiao Yunyun , Huang Xinjian , Wu Xianqiu , Zhao Zhen , Yang Muwen , Kong Lingzhi , Shi Dongni , Chen Xin , Ouyang Ying , Chen Xiangfu , Lin Chuyong , Li Jun , Song Libing , Lin Ye , Guan Jian
Published: January 2023

Macropinocytosis is an effective strategy to mitigate nutrient starvation. It can fuel cancer cell growth in nutrient‐limited conditions. However, whether and how macropinocytosis contributes to the rapid proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, which frequently experience an inadequate nutrient supply, remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that nutrient starvation strongly induced macropinocytosis in some hepatocellular carcinoma cells. It allowed the cells to acquire extracellular nutrients and supported their energy supply to maintain rapid proliferation. Furthermore, we found that the phospholipid flippase ATP9A was critical for regulating macropinocytosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and that high ATP9A levels predicted a poor outcome for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. ATP9A interacted with ATP6V1A and facilitated its transport to the plasma membrane, which promoted plasma membrane cholesterol accumulation and drove RAC1‐dependent macropinocytosis. Macropinocytosis inhibitors significantly suppressed the energy supply and proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells characterised by high ATP9A expression under nutrient‐limited conditions. These results have revealed a novel mechanism that overcomes nutrient starvation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and have identified the key regulator of macropinocytosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Introduction to interventional radiology's role in palliative care for children with cancer: A COG Diagnostic Imaging Committee/SPR Oncology Committee White Paper
Authors: Hawkins C. Matthew , Gill Anne E.
Published: January 2023

As palliative care continues to be an area of increasing emphasis in pediatric oncology programs, it is important to raise awareness about minimally invasive, image‐guided procedures that can supplement more conventional palliative interventions, such as systemic analgesics, external beam radiation, and locoregional anesthesia. These procedures, when performed for appropriately selected patients, can often facilitate discharge from an inpatient facility, and help patients meet their end‐of‐life goals. This article specifically discusses three palliative procedures performed by interventional radiologists that can assist pediatric palliative care teams in: (a) percutaneous thermal ablation of painful bone metastases, (b) cryoneurolysis, and (c) tunneled drainage catheter placement for malignant pleural effusions and ascites.
Structural optimization to improve the dynamic performance of novel co‐curing damping sandwich composites
Authors: Zheng Changsheng , Sun Pingping , Fu Yanping , Fu Xiaojing , Li Qiang
Published: January 2023

Co‐cured damping composite structures have broad application prospects in high‐tech fields such as aerospace and space vehicles because of their low weight, large damping, and sufficient stiffness. In order to improve dynamic properties of conventional composite structures, a new type of damping composites embedded with multilayer viscoelastic film is proposed in this paper. Based on the complex modulus theory and vibration mechanics of composite plates and shells, vibration differential equation of composite plates with multilayer viscoelastic film is derived. The constitutive relation of the complex structure is established. The consistency of theoretical derivation and numerical simulation results provides a reference for the optimization of dynamic performance of damping sandwich composites. The effects of the distribution of viscoelastic film and the geometric structure parameters on dynamic performance of co‐cured damping composites are also discussed. The results show that the embedding of multi‐layer viscoelastic film can greatly enhance the loss factors of co‐cured composite structures under same damping layer thickness. This work lays a foundation for optimization of dynamic performance of lightweight and large damping composite structures.
Rapid quality evaluation of four kinds of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata by electronic eye combined with chemometrics
Authors: Zhang Peng , Xu Yudi , Qu Fanna , Zhou Ping , Zhang Jing , Bi Xueyan , Xiao Yongqing , Liu Ying
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., a widely used herbal medicine, has trouble with the hepatic adverse effect. Processing is an effective method to increase potency and reduce the adverse effects of herbal medicines. Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (PMRP), the decoction pieces processed from raw material, is widely consumed in clinical practice in many countries. The quality control of PMRP has attracted more and more attention worldwide.

Objective

A simple and rapid quality evaluation method using an electronic eye (E‐eye) combined with chemometrics was proposed for controlling the quality of PMRP.

Materials and methods

The semi‐quantitative and quantitative data of 105 major components in 128 batches of PMRP samples obtained by three different analysis instruments were fused to investigate the correlation with the dynamic exterior colour determined by E‐eye. The correlation between exterior colour and chemical fusion dataset was investigated by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) and partial least squares regression (PLSR). According to the results of correlation analysis, the color parameters of high‐quality PMRP was set.

Results

Correlation studies by chemometrics revealed that the exterior colour depth was significantly correlated with 32 components [variable importance in the projection (VIP) > 1.0, p < 0.05]. The colour parameter of
located in the range of 46.69–51.66 can be used easily, rapidly, and in an environment‐friendly way to determine whether the PMRP sample has reached sufficient processing time with good quality.

Conclusion

This study adds some scientific information to our understanding of traditional medicine while contributing an alternative method for assessing the quality of other decoction pieces.
Critical insights into ethylene‐1‐alkene copolymers and long‐chain branched polyethylene microstructure on thermo‐rheological and sealing behavior of multicomponent systems
Authors: Galgali Girish , Kaliappan Senthil Kumar , De Santis Felice
Published: January 2023

The microstructure‐property relationships in multicomponent ethylene‐1‐alkene copolymers with different branching in the microstructures are demonstrated. The metallocene catalyzed linear low density polyethylene (mLLDPE), was miscible with both autoclave grade low density polyethylene (LDPE‐A) and/or tubular grade low density polyethylene (LDPE‐T). For these multicomponent systems, the rheological response was distinctly differentiating and sensitive to the microstructure of LDPE, at higher shear regimes. The thicker lamellae of LDPE‐T and/or LDPE‐A might co‐crystallize if there is a high density polyethylene‐like fraction present in the mLLDPE. Even though the macro parameters like density and melt index (MI) of the investigated multicomponent systems are comparable, the subtle differences in the microstructure manifested by type and distribution of comonomer and/or branching affected the sealing performance. Both high comonomer content and comonomer distribution in the mLLDPE matrix affording a higher fraction of material melting below 120°C were found to be critical for the heat sealing. The fraction of material melting at lower temperatures, attributed to the tertiary branches present in the hyper‐branched microstructure of LDPE‐A, participate in the sealing process, and lower the sealing temperature. It was evident that mLLDPE with asymmetric distribution of lamellae is more sensitive to the microstructure of the LDPE used.
Engineering excitonically coupled dimers in an artificial protein for light harvesting via computational modeling
Authors: Curti Mariano , Maffeis Valentin , Teixeira Alves Duarte Luís Gustavo , Shareef Saeed , Hallado Luisa Xiomara , Curutchet Carles , Romero Elisabet
Published: January 2023

In photosynthesis, pigment–protein complexes achieve outstanding photoinduced charge separation efficiencies through a set of strategies in which excited states delocalization over multiple pigments (“excitons”) and charge‐transfer states play key roles. These concepts, and their implementation in bioinspired artificial systems, are attracting increasing attention due to the vast potential that could be tapped by realizing efficient photochemical reactions. In particular, de novo designed proteins provide a diverse structural toolbox that can be used to manipulate the geometric and electronic properties of bound chromophore molecules. However, achieving excitonic and charge‐transfer states requires closely spaced chromophores, a non‐trivial aspect since a strong binding with the protein matrix needs to be maintained. Here, we show how a general‐purpose artificial protein can be optimized via molecular dynamics simulations to improve its binding capacity of a chlorophyll derivative, achieving complexes in which chromophores form two closely spaced and strongly interacting dimers. Based on spectroscopy results and computational modeling, we demonstrate each dimer is excitonically coupled, and propose they display signatures of charge‐transfer state mixing. This work could open new avenues for the rational design of chromophore–protein complexes with advanced functionalities.
Partial mimicry of the microtubule binding of tau by its membrane binding
Authors: MacAinsh Matthew , Zhou Huan‐Xiang
Published: January 2023

Tau, as typical of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), binds to multiple targets including microtubules and acidic membranes. The latter two surfaces are both highly negatively charged, raising the prospect of mimicry in their binding by tau. The tau‐microtubule complex was recently determined by cryo‐electron microscopy. Here, we used molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the dynamic binding of tau K19 to an acidic membrane. This IDP can be divided into three repeats, each containing an amphipathic helix. The three amphipathic helices, along with flanking residues, tether the protein to the membrane interface. The separation between and membrane positioning of the amphipathic helices in the simulations are validated by published EPR data. The membrane contact probabilities of individual residues in tau show both similarities to and distinctions from native contacts with microtubules. In particular, a Lys that is conserved among the repeats forms similar interactions with membranes and with microtubules, as does a conserved Val. This partial mimicry facilitates both the membrane anchoring of microtubules by tau and the transfer of tau from membranes to microtubules.
Californian thistle (Cirsium arvense): endophytes and Puccinia punctiformis
Authors: Kentjens Wendy , Casonato Seona , Kaiser Clive
Published: January 2023

Californian thistle (Cirisum arvense) is a troublesome weed in pastures and cropping systems. The fungal biocontrol agent Puccinia punctiformis, commonly referred to as thistle rust, performs inconsistently on C. arvense. Problems with P. punctiformis establishment and control of C. arvense may be attributable to differing plant endophytic populations in various environments. This article provides an overview of the relationships between endophytes and their host, but also between endophytes and pathogens with a focus on rust pathogens. This review provides insights into reasons why P. punctiformis performs inconsistently and identifies gaps in our knowledge. Filling these gaps may help to improve performance of this classical fungal biocontrol agent. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Gene expression databases for physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of humans and animal species
Authors: Cordes Henrik , Rapp Hermann
Published: January 2023

In drug research, developing a sound understanding of the key mechanistic drivers of pharmacokinetics (PK) for new molecular entities is essential for human PK and dose predictions. Here, characterizing the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) processes is crucial for a mechanistic understanding of the drug–target and drug–body interactions. Sufficient knowledge on ADME processes enables reliable interspecies and human PK estimations beyond allometric scaling. The physiologically based PK (PBPK) modeling framework allows the explicit consideration of organ‐specific ADME processes. The sum of all passive and active ADME processes results in the observed plasma PK. Gene expression information can be used as surrogate for protein abundance and activity within PBPK models. The absolute and relative expression of ADME genes can differ between species and strains. This is affecting both, the PK and pharmacodynamics and is therefore posing a challenge for the extrapolation from preclinical findings to humans. We developed an automated workflow that generates whole‐body gene expression databases for humans and other species relevant in drug development, animal health, nutritional sciences, and toxicology. Solely, bulk RNA‐seq data curated and provided by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics from healthy, normal, and untreated primary tissue samples were considered as an unbiased reference of normal gene expression. The databases are interoperable with the Open Systems Pharmacology Suite (PK‐Sim and MoBi) and enable seamless access to a central source of curated cross‐species gene expression data. This will increase data transparency, increase reliability and reproducibility of PBPK model simulations, and accelerate mechanistic PBPK model development in the future.
Establishing the suitability of model‐integrated evidence to demonstrate bioequivalence for long‐acting injectable and implantable drug products: Summary of workshop
Authors: Gong Yuqing , Zhang Peijue , Yoon Miyoung , Zhu Hao , Kohojkar Ameya , Hooker Andrew C. , Ducharme Murray P. , Gobburu Jogarao , Cellière Géraldine , Gajjar Parmesh , Li Bing V. , Velagapudi Raja , Tsang Yu Chung , Schwendeman Anna , Polli James , Fang Lanyan , Lionberger Robert , Zhao Liang
Published: January 2023

On November 30, 2021, the US Food and Drug administration (FDA) and the Center for Research on Complex Generics (CRCG) hosted a virtual public workshop titled “Establishing the Suitability of Model‐Integrated Evidence (MIE) to Demonstrate Bioequivalence for Long‐Acting Injectable and Implantable (LAI) Drug Products.” This workshop brought relevant parties from the industry, academia, and the FDA in the field of modeling and simulation to explore, identify, and recommend best practices on utilizing MIE for bioequivalence (BE) assessment of LAI products. This report summerized presentations and panel discussions for topics including challenges and opportunities in development and assessment of generic LAI products, current status of utilizing MIE, recent research progress of utilizing MIE in generic LAI products, alternative designs for BE studies of LAI products, and model validation/verification strategies associated with different types of MIE approaches.
Low‐Temperature Sintering of Low‐Loss Millimeter‐Wave Dielectric Ceramics Based on Li‐Kosmochlor, LiCrSi2O6
Authors: Kamutzki Franz , Schneider Sven , Müller Julian T. , Barowski Jan , Klimm Detlef , Gurlo Aleksander , Hanaor Dorian A. H.
Published: January 2023

Ceramic dielectrics with particularly low levels of dielectric loss and low permittivity are of growing interest toward millimeter‐wave applications. Based on composition and structural considerations, lithic kosmochlor is expected to meet these requirements while exhibiting low densification temperatures, allowing its integration also in co‐fired circuits. Herein, it is found that the spark plasma sintering of LiCrSi2O6 ceramics facilitates densification at temperatures more than 200 °C lower than conventionally processed materials in only a fraction of the time. A spark plasma sintering duration of 10 min is necessary in order to achieve a controllable process with a repeatable high‐performance product material exhibiting a fine‐grained microstructure. Characterization millimeter‐wave frequencies reveal that LiCrSi2O6 materials produced in this manner exhibit excellent dielectric properties (Qf = 80 700 GHz and εr = 7.5 at 134.24 GHz) following densification at only 950 °C with a relative density of 97.4%. These results represent an unprecedented combination of low dielectric losses and processing temperatures for ceramics processed without the addition of sintering aids. The materials and methods explored here present a promising pathway toward high‐performance millimeter‐wave and co‐firable systems.
Automated construction for human–robot interaction in wooden buildings: Integrated robotic construction and digital design of iSMART wooden arches
Authors: Leng Yi , Shi Xinyu , Hiroatsu Fukuda , Kalachev Alexander , Wan Da
Published: January 2023

Robotic construction is a powerful means of addressing labor shortages, low productivity, and low sustainability in the construction industry. Even though construction robots have attracted attention in research and practice, in a market condition where the technology and industry scale of the construction industry is yet unable to meet the scale of full automation, human–robot interaction (HRI) is a more adaptable working model. It is crucial to change the level of automation to the level of cooperation. This paper proposes an HRI construction method that aims to provide a new idea for existing robotic construction research, which combines the advantages of manual construction and automated robotic construction. This construction method allows an inexperienced layman to quickly complete the construction of complex timber structures with the assistance of a robot. Furthermore, this automated construction method's advantages, limitations, and potential pitfalls and the environmental, economic, and social sustainability aspects of design, production, and construction are also considered, providing a technical reference for the sustainable development of China's construction industry.
Relocalization based on millimeter wave radar point cloud for visually degraded environments
Authors: Cheng Yuwei , Pang Changsong , Jiang Mengxin , Liu Yimin
Published: January 2023

Simultaneously localization and mapping (SLAM) has been widely used in autonomous mobile systems to fulfill autonomous navigation. Relocalization plays an important role in SLAM for closing the loop and eliminating the drift of pose estimation. Traditional methods mostly rely on LiDAR or camera sensors, which may degrade or even fail in rainy or dusty situations or with large illumination changes. In this article, we explore the use of low‐cost commercial millimeter wave (mmWave) radars and propose a noval mmWave radar point cloud‐based relocalization method. Our method first pre‐processes the radar point cloud and, based on that, achieves fast 3‐DOF pose estimation for the robot. We build a prototype and thoroughly evaluate our method using data sets collected by our platform in four complex environments, including street, park, road, and water surface scenarios. The experimental results show that our method consistently outperforms other baseline methods including the vision‐based counterparts, especially in the visual degraded scenes.
Measuring the performance of prediction models to personalize treatment choice
Authors: Efthimiou Orestis , Hoogland Jeroen , Debray Thomas P.A. , Seo Michael , Furukawa Toshiaki A. , Egger Matthias , White Ian R.
Published: January 2023

When data are available from individual patients receiving either a treatment or a control intervention in a randomized trial, various statistical and machine learning methods can be used to develop models for predicting future outcomes under the two conditions, and thus to predict treatment effect at the patient level. These predictions can subsequently guide personalized treatment choices. Although several methods for validating prediction models are available, little attention has been given to measuring the performance of predictions of personalized treatment effect. In this article, we propose a range of measures that can be used to this end. We start by defining two dimensions of model accuracy for treatment effects, for a single outcome: discrimination for benefit and calibration for benefit. We then amalgamate these two dimensions into an additional concept, decision accuracy, which quantifies the model's ability to identify patients for whom the benefit from treatment exceeds a given threshold. Subsequently, we propose a series of performance measures related to these dimensions and discuss estimating procedures, focusing on randomized data. Our methods are applicable for continuous or binary outcomes, for any type of prediction model, as long as it uses baseline covariates to predict outcomes under treatment and control. We illustrate all methods using two simulated datasets and a real dataset from a trial in depression. We implement all methods in the R package predieval. Results suggest that the proposed measures can be useful in evaluating and comparing the performance of competing models in predicting individualized treatment effect.
Psychometric evaluation of an adapted version of the perceived stress scale for ecological momentary assessment research
Authors: Murray Aja Louise , Xiao Zhouni , Zhu Xinxin , Speyer Lydia Gabriela , Yang Yi , Brown Ruth Harriet , Katus Laura , Eisner Manuel , Ribeaud Denis
Published: January 2023

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methodologies are commonly used to illuminate the predictors and impacts of experiencing subjective stress in the course of daily life. The validity of inferences from this research is contingent on the availability of measures of perceived momentary stress that can provide valid and reliable momentary stress scores. However, studies of the development and validation of such measures have been lacking. In this study, we use an EMA data collection design to examine the within‐ and between‐ person reliability and criterion validity and between‐person gender measurement invariance of a brief EMA‐adapted measure of a widely used trait measure of stress: the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Scores showed high internal consistency reliability and significant correlations with a range of criterion validity measures at both the within‐ and between‐person level. Gender measurement invariance up to the scalar level also held for scores. Findings support the use of the EMA‐adapted PSS presented in the current study for use in community‐ascertained samples to address research questions relating to the influences on and effects of momentary stress and their gender differences.
A Dual‐Responsive Artificial Skin for Tactile and Touchless Interfaces
Authors: Wang Hai Lu , Chen Tianyu , Zhang Bojian , Wang Guohui , Yang Xudong , Wu Kunlin , Wang Yifan
Published: January 2023

The progress from intelligent interactions and supplemented/augmented reality requires artificial skins to shift from the single‐functional tactile paradigm. Dual‐responsive sensors that can both detect pre‐contact proximal events and tactile pressure levels enrich the perception dimensions and deliver additional cognitive information. Previous dual‐responsive sensors show very limited utilizations only in proximity perception or approaching switches. Whereas, the approaching inputs from the environment should be able to convey more valuable messages. Herein, a flexible iontronic dual‐responsive artificial skin is present. The artificial skin is sensitive to external object's applied pressure as well as its approaching, and can elicit information of target material categories encoded in the proximal inputs. Versatile applications are then demonstrated. Dual‐mode human–machine interfaces are developed based on the devices, including a manipulation of virtual game characters, navigation and zooming in of electronic maps, and scrolling through electronic documents. More importantly, the proof‐of‐concept application of an entirely touchless material classification system is demonstrated. Three types of materials (metals, polymers, and human skins) are classified and predicted accurately. These features of the artificial skin make it highly promising for next‐generation smart engineered electronics.
Dual Structural Design of Platinum‐Nickel Hydrogels for Wearable Glucose Biosensing with Ultrahigh Stability
Authors: Li Guanglei , Wang Chenxin , Chen Yao , Liu Fei , Fan Haoxin , Yao Bin , Hao Jia , Yu Yiting , Wen Dan
Published: January 2023

Wearable glucose sensors are of great significance and highly required in mobile health monitoring and management but suffering from limited long‐term stability and wearable adaptability. Here a simultaneous component and structure engineering strategy is presented, which involves Pt with abundant Ni to achieve three‐dimensional, dual‐structural Pt‐Ni hydrogels with interconnected networks of PtNi nanowires and Ni(OH)2 nanosheets, showing prominent electrocatalytic activity and stability in glucose oxidation under neutral condition. Specifically, the PtNi(1:3) dual hydrogels shows 2.0 and 270.6 times’ activity in the glucose electro‐oxidation as much as the pure Pt and Ni hydrogels. Thanks to the high activity, structural stability, good flexibility, and self‐healing property, the PtNi(1:3) dual gel‐based non‐enzymatic glucose sensing chip is endowed with high performance. It features a high sensitivity, an excellent selectivity and flexibility, and particularly an outstanding long‐term stability over 2 months. Together with a pH sensor and a wireless circuit, an accurate, real‐time, and remote monitoring of sweat glucose is achieved. This facile design of novel dual‐structural metallic hydrogels sheds light to rationally develop new functional materials for high‐performance wearable biosensors.
Properties and Food Packaging Applications of Solvent Casting‐Made Starch‐Based Films Incorporated with Essential Oils: A Review
Authors: Othman Siti Hajar , Kahar Nurul Syafiqah , Nordin Norhazirah , Ahmad Shapi'i Ruzanna
Published: January 2023

Biopolymer films particularly starch films are promising alternatives to non‐biodegradable petroleum‐based materials because they are cheap, available in abundance, and biodegradable. Nonetheless, the weak mechanical and barrier properties of the films restrict their usage. Other additives such as essential oils (EOs) incorporate into the films may enhance the restricted properties and add functionality to films. However, knowledge of the effects of EOs addition in starch films across food packaging applications is not fully elucidated. This paper provides an overview of the various types of EOs used in the production of starch films produced via the solvent casting method, the effects of EOs on the properties of starch films, and the application of the films for food packaging, particularly for fruits and meats. The films bring a high potential to extend the shelf life of food due to the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the EOs.
Trends and Hotspots of Starch Fermentation Research: Bibliometric Analysis Based on CiteSpace
Authors: Zheng Ziwei , Li Haiteng , Wang Xin , Yang Shengyu , Li Xingke
Published: January 2023

Fermentation is a common topic in starch scientific research and is widely utilized in the food and pharmaceutical industry. Although many papers on starch fermentation have been published in the past 10 years (2012–2022), reviews of the overall knowledge structure of the discipline are relatively rare. Research in this area progresses rapidly. To stay current with the emerging trends, this review uses a bibliometric analysis method based on CiteSpace software to analyze, review, and briefly comment on selected articles published in the field of starch fermentation over the past 10 years. The research progress and emerging trend of starch fermentation are discussed. A total of 4943 references are used for analysis on CiteSpace. The results showed that from 2012 to 2022, the rate of published articles and the number of citations have increased. China is in first place by number of publications. Jiangnan University is the most prolific institutions, and the most prolific author is Akihiko Kondo. Among the category collaboration, “Agriculture” and “Food Science and Technology” are the first in the two sets of 5 year periods. The keyword “ethanol” shows the highest burst strength level. In addition, food fermentation and clean energy research are the main areas of concern in this field. This review aims to provide new insights for promoting the industrialization development and clinical application of starch fermentation technology.
Formation of Multiple Supramolecular Helices for Spontaneous Resolution
Authors: Weng Peimin , Yan Xiaosheng , Jiang Yun‐Bao
Published: January 2023

Relating supramolecular helices to the spontaneous resolution that generates conglomerate crystals is meaningful to the production of enantiopure compounds and to the understanding of natural homochirality as well. While homochiral elongation is favored along the axis of 1D supramolecular helical chains, conglomerate crystallization requires a 3D homochiral framework. This inspires us to explore new avenues to the spontaneous resolution through the formation of multiple supramolecular helices during crystallization. This Concept outlines and reviews multiple supramolecular helices found in the conglomerate crystals, i. e. three supramolecular helices along one crystallographic axis and two or three supramolecular helices along different crystallographic axes, followed by our observations of homochiral elongation of the helicity of the helical building blocks, the azapeptides, during the formation of supramolecular helices, as well as the spontaneous resolution of amino acid alanine that is made into a helical azapeptide derivative via the formation of supramolecular helices along two different crystallographic axes.
Electrocatalyst Fabrication Using Metal Nanoparticles Prepared in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Yao Yu , Tsuda Tetsuya , Torimoto Tsukasa , Kuwabata Susumu
Published: January 2023

Metal nanoparticle‐based electrocatalysts are widely used in electronic devices, which serve for electrochemical reactions like oxygen reduction reaction, alcohol oxidation and CO2 reduction reaction. These catalyst‐dependent reactions are the key of the emerging clean energy systems. Catalyst design and synthesis therefore have received keen attention in past decades. We are motivated to study synthesis approaches of metal nanoparticle‐based electrocatalysts using ionic liquids (ILs), which are promising solvents for the nanoparticle preparation because of their unique physicochemical properties. In this personal account, we review our previous and present works on nanoparticle preparation in IL and utilization of the obtained nanoparticles as electrocatalysts.