bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efect of matrix structure on the tribological properties of solid-lubricant composites based on high-temperature polyimide thermoplastics
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Panin S.V. , Lou J. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Buslovich D.G. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Alexenko V.O. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Kornienko L.A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS
Published: February 2023

The structure, mechanical and tribological properties of polyimide (PI) and polyetherimide (PEI) based composites, which differ by the presence of "hinged" oxygen atoms in the polymer’s molecular chain have been studied. The composites were reinforced with chopped carbon fibers and simultaneously loaded with organic (PTFE) and inorganic (MoS2) solid lubricant fillers. Tribological tests were carried out according to the «ball-on-disk» scheme under dry sliding friction on a ceramic counterface in the temperature range of T = 23-180 °C. It has been shown that only the «PEI/10% CF/10% PTFE» composite possesses the highest wear resistance in the entire temperature range studied. At the same time, the loading with PTFE particles ensured the formation and adhering of a stable layer of secondary structures (transfer film layer) on the sliding surface of the polymer composite. Changes in wear intensity and friction coefficient correlated well with each other. When the MoS2 solid lubricant filler were loaded, the transfer film was fixed on the sliding surface of the composite only at the highest testing temperature T = 180 °C. This was ensured by the presence of oxygen atoms in the PEI molecules. In so doing, formation of the transfer film layer gave rise to low coefficient of friction and relatively high wear resistance of the «PEI/10 CF/10 MoS2» ternary composite. A comparative analysis of the tribological properties of two types of polymer matrices have shown that the wear rate of PEI based composites loaded with PTFE was identically low at T = 23°C and 120°C, while at T = 180°C it was 300 times lower in contrast to PI-based ones. We suggest that this was related to the more «rigid» nature of the PI matrix (which does not contain «hinged» units in the macromolecule). Under conditions of a high and oscillating friction coefficient, the PI matrix was not capable of adhering a solid lubricant PTFE-containing transfer films layer. The PEI-based composites are recommended for use in tribounits due to both high manufacturability (processability) governed by the flexibility of the polymer chain, and high wear resistance due to the formation of stable secondary structures on sliding surfaces in the temperature range T = 23-180 °C.
Formation of irregular pattern of localized plasticity at the stage of transition from linear to the stage of parabolic hardening
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Khon Yu.A.
Published: February 2023

During the transition from the stage of linear to the stage of parabolic hardening, the formation of an irregular pattern is experimentally observed. The reasons and conditions for the formation of such a pattern are considered. A deformable medium is considered as a non-linear system with a continuously changing structure on two spatial and temporal scales. Kinetics of structural relaxation of a deformable medium. is described by a system of two nonlinear equations of parabolic type for dynamic order parameters. Based on the analysis of the solutions of the kinetic equations, it is shown that the solutions of the equations at the intermediate stage are static autosolitons.
Evaporation of a substance from the surface of a high-strength aluminum alloy during electron beam welding
Authors:   JSC Research and Production Center Polyus, Solovev V.V. , Dammer V.K. ,   JSC Research and Production Center Polyus, Bleykher G.A. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Krivobokov V.P. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: February 2023

The evaporation of atoms of high-strength aluminum alloy type 1370 from the weld and the hot zone during electron beam welding of products is investigated. A mathematical model is proposed to predict the spatial distribution of temperatures and characteristics of mass loss of products depending on welding conditions. Experimental studies of these processes have been made. The results of calculations and experiments are compared. The structure of phase transformations is studied. It is established that the evaporation intensity almost linearly depends on the beam current density and its scanning speed. Experiments have shown that evaporation is active and can significantly affect the composition of the weld (mainly light elements evaporate), and its mechanical characteristics.
Gravitational and electromagnetic effects in the configuration of a rotating electrically charged ideal fluid
Authors:   Moscow State University of Technology ", Krechet V.G. ,   STANKIN", Oshurko V.B. ,   Moscow State University of Technology "STANKIN"; 2Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Baidin A.E. ,   Moscow State University of Technology "STANKIN"
Published: February 2023

Exact solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations are found for the stationary configuration of a rotating electrically charged ideal fluid. In this system stationary longitudinal magnetic and stationary radial electric fields can be induced. It is shown that in the case of cylindrical symmetry, the electric field disappears and the only longitudinal magnetic field is still present. This magnetic field also disappears at the limit equation of state of an ideal fluid ( p = ε, i.e. when w = 1 equation of state p = w ε). For w >0, we found solutions with the "wormhole" geometry. It was found that the wormhole is traversable and free particle accelerates to infinite velocity. However, total time of motion has small but finite value.
Atomic nanostructured systems with negative extinction
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Gadomsky O.N. , Musich D.O. ,   Ulyanovsk State University
Published: February 2023

This article proves the fundamental possibility of amplifying light by a system of indistinguishable atoms, taking into account the delayed dipole-dipole interaction in the field of external radiation. It is shown that the amplification of light occurs from an antisymmetric quantum state of a pair of identical atoms, one of which is in an excited state. A formula is obtained for the polarizability of atoms in the ground state, the dispersion dependence of which contains an inflection point separating the wavelength regions with positive and negative dispersion. In the region of negative dispersion, the extinction cross section of an atomic system is negative, that is, this system becomes a system that amplifies light.
Influence of voltage polarity on electric strength of thin film capacitors
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Sakharov Yu.V. , Subbotina A.E. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics
Published: February 2023

This article reveals the peculiarities of the influence of the change in the polarity of the voltage applied to the plates of thin-film capacitors on the change in the electric breakdown voltage. The reason for the decrease in the voltage of the first breakdown of a thin-film capacitor is established when the polarity of the applied voltage is reversed. This decrease is due to a strong increase in the electric field strength in the bulk of the dielectric due to the accumulation of a negative space charge on the microtips of the electrodes when the electrode was at a negative potential. This effect is observed in capacitor structures Al-SiO2-Al and Al-TiO2-Al, which allow us to assume its versatility and extends to the entire spectrum of dielectric films used in microelectronics.
Influence of the Yarkovsky effect on mean motion resonances of asteroids with small perihelion distances
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Niganova E.N. , Syusina O.M. ,   Tomsk State University, Letner O.N. ,   Tomsk State University, Galushina T.Yu. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: February 2023

The paper presents the study results of the Yarkovsky effect influence on the resonant characteristics of asteroids with small perihelion distances. Out of 52 studied objects, 27 asteroids were identified that move in the vicinity of stable and unstable low-order mean motion resonances with major planets. The evolution of the asteroids orbits is constructed with and without the Yarkovsky effect, and the behavior of the resonance characteristics in both cases is analyzed. The effect was taken into account by including the perturbation from the transversal acceleration A2, the values of which for the presented objects were obtained earlier by the authors of this work. It is shown that the Yarkovsky effect influence on stable resonances is insignificant and leads to small changes in the libration amplitude of the resonance characteristics. The stability of the resonance is preserved. With unstable resonant interaction, the number of passages through the exact commensurability changes, and for some asteroids the resonance becomes more stable.
Spatial distribution studies of activation radionuclides in graphite of uranium-graphite reactors
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science А.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zakharova E.V. , Volkova A.G. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science А.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kan R.I. ,   JSC “Pilot & Demonstration Center for Decommissioning of Uranium-Graphite Nuclear Reactors”, Kotlyarevsky S.G. ,   JSC “Pilot & Demonstration Center for Decommissioning of Uranium-Graphite Nuclear Reactors”, Pavliuk A.O. ,   JSC “Pilot & Demonstration Center for Decommissioning of Uranium-Graphite Nuclear Reactors”
Published: February 2023

The paper presents the results of studies of the spatial distribution of radionuclides14C,36Cl and60Co, which are key for decommissioning uranium-graphite reactors, in graphite stacks and individual graphite blocks. The studies were carried out on a shutdown PUGR ADE-5 of «PDC UGR» JSC, which provides access to the graphite stack with the ability to extract individual graphite blocks. Based on the results of a detailed experimental study of graphite blocks retrieved in 2018, the new interpretations of some features of the spatial distribution of radionuclides in UGR graphite was proposed.
To the question of stokes' force in the conditions of stationary rotation of the ball
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Gladkov S.O.
Published: February 2023

The problem is to calculate Stokes' strength for the ball in the conditions of his stationary rotation. Analytically it has been strongly proven that the rotation has no effect on Stokes' force and its appearance remains the same F = 6ph Ru .
Microstructure and phase composition of the gradient material “stainless steel/Cr-Ni alloy” produced by electron-beam additive manufacture
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Kolubaev E.A. , Melnikov E.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Panchenko M.Yu. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Astafurov S.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Moskvina V.A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Astafurova E.G. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, Reunova K.A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS
Published: February 2023

Using the methods of scanning and transmission electron microscopy, the microstructure of the gradient material "steel Fe-18Cr-10Ni-Ti-0.08C/80Ni-20Cr alloy" (mass.%) produced by the double-wire electron-beam additive manufacture was studied. The chemical composition of the material continuously changes from one corresponded to the Fe-18Cr-10Ni-Ti-0.08C stainless steel to that of 80Ni-20Cr alloy with the intermediate gradient layer formed by deposition of two wires in different ratios. The microstructure of the part of the samples, which corresponds to pure steel without the addition of a nichrome alloy, is characterized by large columnar austenitic grains (γ-phase) with a small fraction of dendritic δ-ferrite (about 20%). The addition of NiCr alloy suppresses the formation of the δ-phase during the additive growth of the steel, thus, the main part of the gradient sample has an austenitic coarse-grained structure. In the part of the material, which contain high fraction of nichrome alloy, particles of intermetallic phases are formed. Stabilization of austenitic structure of stainless steel with the addition of NiCr alloy is discussed from the point of view of changing the chromium-nickel equivalent and the mechanism of crystallization in the melting pool during additive manufacture.
The production of a chargino pair in muon colliders (I)
Authors:   Baku State University, Gulayeva A.K. , Gojayev M.Sh. ,   Baku State University, Abdullayev S.K. ,   Baku State University
Published: February 2023

Within the framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, the process of the production of a pair of charginos in polarized muon-antimuon collisions is considered. Taking into account arbitrary polarizations of the pair, as well as the longitudinal or transverse polarization of the chargino, general expressions for the cross sections of the process are obtained. The longitudinal and transverse spin asymmetries caused by the polarizations of the pair, as well as the degrees of transverse and longitudinal polarization of the chargino, are determined. The angular and energy dependences of the polarization characteristics and the effective cross section are studied in detail.
Formation of Au-Co solid solutions via mechanical alloying at room and low temperatures according to X-ray diffraction data
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tolmachev T.P. ,   M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Patselov A.M. ,   M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pilyugin V.P. ,   M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Ural Federal University (UrFU), Solov’eva Yu.V. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Churbaev R.V. ,   M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Plotnikov A.V. ,   M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

Alloys of the gold-cobalt system characterized by limited solubility have been synthesized by the high-pressure torsion method. According to the data of X-ray diffraction analysis it was revealed that as a result of mechanical alloying, a phase of a supersaturated solid solution based on gold is formed in the composition of the alloy. Lowering the temperature to cryogenic leads to a redistribution of dissolved cobalt. These results to increase its concentration in the solid solution composition. The solid solution phase is in an ultrafine-grained state. Possible mechanisms for the formation of a supersaturated solid solution in the gold-cobalt system are discussed, taking into account the specific features of the severe plastic deformation and mechanical alloying processes.
The effect of a spherical nanoparticle with a metal shell on the deactivation of the excited quantum dot
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Chmereva T.M. , Kucherenko M.G. ,   Orenburg State University, Mushin F.Y. ,   Orenburg State University
Published: February 2023

The plasmon-exciton interaction between a spherical nanoparticle with a dielectric core and a metal shell and a quantum dot in the mode of strong or weak confinement has been theoretically investigated. The rate of nonradiative transfer of electron excitation energy from a quantum dot to a nanoparticle and the rate of spontaneous emission of a quantum dot in the presence of a nanoparticle are calculated. It is shown that at the radii of the nanoparticle core, for which the frequency of the plasmon oscillation coincides with the frequency of the electronic transition in the quantum dot, the rates of radiative and nonradiative processes increase sharply. The kinetics of energy exchange between a nanoparticle and a quantum dot has been studied, and the values of the parameters of the system under consideration, at which the kinetics has the character of damped oscillations, have been established.
Hyperparameter optimization in machine learning algorithm for extrapolations of variation calculations
Authors:   Pacific National University, Belozerov A.O. , Mazur A.I. ,   Pacific National University, Shirokov A.M. ,   Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: February 2023

An optimization method for hyperparameters of our machine learning extrapolation algorithm for results of variational calculations in quantum mechanics, is proposed. The method makes it possible to obtain the optimal values of hyperparameters for artificial neural network training. Deviations of some hyperparameters from the optimal values are shown to result in distorting the extrapolation predictions.
Investigation of the properties of overburden clays from the Kornilovskoye deposit of the Tomsk region
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Apkar'yan A.S. , Sablina T.Yu. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS
Published: February 2023

Analytical and laboratory-technological studies of overburden clays of the Kornilovskoye deposit in the Tomsk region have been carried out. The chemical composition, mineral composition, granulometric composition, plasticity and refractoriness of clays have been determined. The sensitivity of clay raw materials to drying, apparent density, water absorption, shrinkage, mechanical characteristics of samples from clay raw materials have been investigated. The possibilities of using clay in various industries are determined.
Grain boundary diffusion effect on Ti3Al alloy oxidation
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, Chepak-Gizbrekht M.V. , Knyazeva A.G. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS
Published: February 2023

The paper presents a model of grain-boundary diffusion, supplemented by the equations of oxide formation kinetics. Conditions are considered isothermal. The alloy material in the model is represented by alternating intermetallic grains with a clear selection of triple junctions between them. Diffusion and kinetic properties of grains and boundaries may differ. The model is used to describe the process of an intermetallic alloy oxidation in bulk and along grain boundaries. The distributions of the concentrations of elements and oxides, and the change in the average integral concentrations of oxides were studied with varying reaction rate constants in the grains and in the vicinity of the boundaries.
Features of the structural-phase state of natural magnesite МgCO3 in the temperature range 1173-6500 K
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Shekhovtsov V.V. , Abzaev Yu.A. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Volokitin O.G. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Skripnikova N.K. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Klopotov A.A. ,   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building
Published: February 2023

The results of studies influence temperature factor on the phase-structural and morphological changes occurring in natural magnesite (MgCO3) are presented. The natural magnesite of the Savinsky deposit, Irkutsk region, was used as a raw material. The prepared model samples were subjected to two types of thermal action: the first is isothermal exposure at a temperature of 1173 K; the second is heating and melting in a thermal plasma medium at a mass-average temperature of the plasma jet of 6500 K. Qualitative phase analysis has shown that the main phases of the studied states include the standards MgCO3, MgO in hexagonal and cubic forms. The complete structural information of the lattices was established both in the initial state and after refinement of the structural parameters by the Rietveld method. The stability of the installed phase lattices was assessed by the method of convex hulls using the electronic resource AFLOW. The stability diagram of MgCO3 is shown together with the energy color gradation taking into account spin polarization.
Method for evaluating thrombin concentration based on the data of monitoring the viscoelastic properties of native blood in the process of hemocoagulation
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Demkin V.P. , Melnichuk S.V. ,   Tomsk State University, Demkin O.V. ,   Tomsk State University, Kotlovskaya L.Y. ,   National Research Tomsk State University; Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine of Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Rudenko T.V. ,   Tomsk State University, Tsibulina A.O. ,   Tomsk State University, Zhukovskaya A.A. ,   Tomsk State University, Tyutrin I.I. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Udut V.V. ,   National Research Tomsk State University; Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine of Tomsk National Research Medical Center
Published: February 2023

The process of native blood coagulation was studied with the resonant-acoustic method using the technology of low-frequency piezothromboelastography. It is shown that the experimental curve of time dependence of the piezoelectric sensor signal amplitude reflects the change in the rheological properties of blood during coagulation. A formula is obtained that relates the change in the concentration of thrombin to the rate of change in the complex coefficient of blood viscosity. A method has been developed for assessing thrombin concentration during fibrinogenesis based on the technology of piezothromboelastography using a resonant-acoustic method to determine the viscoelastic properties of whole blood. The results of calculating the thrombin concentration by this method are compared with the results of the thrombin generation test.
Determination of the parameters of multi-carrier spectrum in CdHgTe. I. A review of mobility spectrum abalysis methods
Authors:   Scientific Research Company “Electron-Carat”, Izhnin I.I. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Voitsekhovskii A.V. ,   Tomsk State University, Korotaev A.G. ,   Tomsk State University, Mynbaev K.D. ,   Ioffe Institute
Published: February 2023

The paper, which consists of two parts, presents a detailed consideration of the method proposed by the authors, which is discrete analysis of the mobility spectrum, and its application for studying the parameters of charge carriers in CdHgTe. The first part of the work is a brief review of the existing methods of the analysis of the magnetic field dependences of the Hall coefficient and conductivity in structures with a multi-carrier spectrum. The underlying principles of various methods are considered, including the original mobility spectrum analysis proposed by Beck and Anderson, the multi-carrier fitting, and the iterative method developed by Dziuba and Gorska, as well as more recent developments. The advantages, drawbacks, and limits of applicability of these methods are discussed.
Metallic conduction in the nanoporous silicon layers on the PZT-ceramics surface
Authors:   Silicium Company, Shalimov V.V. , Yakushev P.N. ,   Ioffe Institute
Published: February 2023

Nanoporous silicon and ceramics based on lead zirconate titanate (PZT-ceramics) have unique properties in themselves. It is shown that their mechanochemical interaction makes it possible to create compositions with a metallic type of conductivity. The formation of conductive paths occurs when silicon particles wedged into microcracks, creating unique highly sensitive layers of piezoceramic compounds, incl. intercalates. Silicon atoms embedded deform the elementary cells of crystals and redistribute charges in them. The connection with the lattice is formed due to the transition of electrons to the boundary layers or the space between them. In the transition layers at T < 260 K, chains with electrical conductivity of the metallic type appear, shunting the piezodielectric.
Reflection of a plasma wave from a potential barrier, the size of which is commensurate with the wavelength
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Matveev A.I.
Published: February 2023

The reflection of a plasma wave from a potential barrier, the size of which is commensurate with the wavelength, is considered. Since the barrier potential is much larger than the wave potential, plasma oscillations cannot exist in the area of this barrier. Only density modulation is preserved in electron-beams with different energies that move in the potential field of the barrier. The reflected wave is formed as a result of interference of modulated beams reflected from a potential barrier. Wave reflection is analyzed using two specific examples: reflection from linear and parabolic barriers. It is shown that if reflection occurs in a time less than the relaxation time, then regardless of the barrier profile, the reflection coefficient is equal to one. The phase lag of the reflected wave relative to the phase of the incident wave is found.
Dielectric and thermal properties of the nanocomposite cesium nitrate - porous glass
Authors:   Blagoveshchensk State Pedagogical University, Milinskiy A.Yu. , Baryshnikov S.V. ,   Blagoveshchensk State Pedagogical University; Amur State University, Chernechkin I.A. ,   Amur State University
Published: February 2023

The results of a study of the dielectric and thermal properties of nanocomposites obtained by embedding cesium nitrate (CsNO3) into porous glasses with an average pore size of 100 nm are presented. Similar results are given for bulk CsNO3. An increase by ~ 3 K in the ferroelectric transition temperature of cesium nitrate in porous glass and an increase in the temperature hysteresis of the phase transition from 3 K for bulk CsNO3 to 12 K for CsNO3 in porous glass were found.
Characteristics of sublimation of traces of trinitrotoluene from the glass surface
Authors:   Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kudryashova O.B. , Gruznov V.M. ,   Trophimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS; Novosibirsk State University; Novosibirsk State Technical University, Baldin M.N. ,   Trophimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Kikhtenko A.V. ,   Trophimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Tivileva M.I. ,   Siberian Branch of the Federal Government Institution, Scientific and Production Association, Special Equipment and Telecoms of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Titov S.S. ,   Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

A mathematical model of sublimation (evaporation) of thin films of explosives based on the molecular-kinetic theory of evaporation is presented. An expression is obtained for the film evaporation time until equilibrium between the evaporation and condensation of explosives is reached. An estimate of the unevaporated mass is given. A parametric study of the model was carried out. The calculation of evaporation dynamics for a film of trinitrotoluene on glass with a surface density of 100 ng/cm2 is giv. The heat of sublimation of trinitrotoluene and the coefficient of evaporation from glass based on a comparison with the experiment of evaporation of such a film of TNT were determined.
Comparative theoretical analysis of harmonic generation in free electron lasers with various beam parameters
Authors:   Moscow State University Lomonosov, Zhukovsky K.V.
Published: February 2023

We theoretically study the generation of odd and even harmonics in particular in free electron lasers (FELs). The comparative analysis is held for the spectral properties of SPARC and LEUTL FEL radiation. We analyze several different theoretical approaches to the harmonic power computation, in particular with regard to even harmonics. We compare the results with available data for SPARC and LEUTL FELs. The influence of such FEL parameters as the finite beam section, emittance and originating from it betatron oscillations on the harmonic generation and radiation is analyzed.
Spectral and luminescent properties of bromcresol purple
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Bezlepkina N.P. , Tchaikovskaya O.N. ,   Tomsk State University, Bocharnikova E.N. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: February 2023

The influence of the solvent on the spectral-luminescent properties of bromcresol purple (BCP) has been studied. The spectral characteristics of the BCP are determined: half-width Δν1/2, Stokes shift Δν cm , molar absorption coefficient ε, intrinsic excited state lifetime τ, oscillator strength f . Using the Lippert equation, the dependence of the Stokes shift of the BCP on the orientational polarizability of the solvent was constructed. An analysis of the experimental data showed that the position of the maximum of the BCP absorption band in the region of 350-480 nm correlates with the acceptor number of the solvent: with a decrease in the acceptor number, the maximum of the band shifts to a shorter wavelength region (water > ethanol > toluene > acetone). The lowest absorption capacity of BCP was registered in toluene. Using the Lippert-Matagi equation, the change in the dipole moment in polar protic solvents upon excitation (16.2 D) was determined, which is higher than in aprotic solvents (10.4 D) due to the formation of H-bonds.
Photoluminescence of GaS-GaSe heterostructures upon twoand three-photon excitation by laser radiation
Authors:   Baku State University, Salmanov V.M. , Guseinov A.G. ,   Baku State University, Mamedov R.M. ,   Baku State University, Ahmedova F.Sh. ,   Baku State University, Aliyeva A.M. ,   Baku State University
Published: February 2023

Nonlinear absorption in GaS-GaSe heterostructures under the action of a Nd:YAG laser with built-in generators of the 2nd and 3rd harmonics, designed to generate radiation with a wavelength of 1064, 532, and 335 nm, is experimentally studied. It is shown that the appearance of characteristic radiation in the luminescence spectra and the behavior of the dependence of luminescence on the excitation intensity indicate the presence of two- and three-quantum absorption processes in GaS-GaSe heterostructures.
Reflection coefficient from multilayer soil structures in the microwave range with changing moisture and layer design
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Pavlova A.A. , Suslyaev V.I. ,   Tomsk State University, Zhuravlev V.A. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: February 2023

A method for modeling the electromagnetic response from multilayer soil structures, taking into account the temperature, frequency and structural properties of materials, is given in the article. The results of modeling a three-layer soil structure consisting of layers of loam with different thicknesses and clay are given. The moisture content of the layers varied from 0 to 80 vol.%. Different implementations of layer properties can have similar reflectance values in certain frequency domains. Options for overcoming this ambiguity are proposed.
Gravitational-scalar instability of a cosmological model based on a two-component system of degenerate scalarly charged fermions with asymmetric higgs interaction. II. WKB-approximation
Authors:   Institute of Physics Kazan Federal University, Ignat’ev Yu.G.
Published: February 2023

Solutions of the system of evolutionary equations in the short-wavelength approximation are found and studied. A connection is established between the problem of the evolution of short-wavelength gravitational-scalar perturbations and the problem of eigenvectors and values of a linear operator. By means of an applied mathematical package, a program for calculating the amplitudes of perturbations of the cosmological model was created. It is shown that unstable short-wavelength perturbation modes arise in such a system. A numerical model for the evolution of gravitational-scalar perturbations of the cosmological model has been constructed and analyzed.
The Artistic Specificity of the Transcarpathian Material Culture in the Works by Sergey Makovsky: A Look at the Historical Tradition as a Fact of Modernity
Authors:   National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture (Kiev, Ukraine), Lagutenko O.А. , Puchkov A.О. ,   National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture (Kiev, Ukraine), Selivatchov M.R. ,   National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture (Kiev, Ukraine)
Published: February 2023

In the article, the life and many-sided activities of the historian, ethnographer and art critic Sergey Konstantinovich Makovsky (1877–1962) serves as the background to focus on his book Peasant Art of Subcarpathian Russia, published in Prague in Russian, Czech (1925) and English (1926) languages. Although not banned in Soviet Ukraine, it was not promoted either because of the writer’s emigre past and his proximity to the House of Romanov. However, the book was well known to specialists: the predominantly aesthetic approach to folk art, first applied in it, echoes in the studies of the 1960s and even later. Peasant Art of Subcarpathian Russia resulted for the exhibition, organized by the school department of the Uzhhorod Civil Administration in 1924. As an expert and director of the exhibition, Makovsky traveled all over Transcarpathia, where he studied art objects at the places of their production, talked to artisans, took photos and collected valuable items. Makovsky thought of the works of peasant art not only as of merely museum exhibits, but also a ”still living force”, a living testimony to the regional history. The authors of the article use a biographical, textual, historiographical, and comparative methods to conclude that in his book Makovsky is the first to explore the peasant art of Transcarpathia as a professional critic of modern art. In the Carpathians, he encounters peasant creativity, where decorativeness, which is also inherent in modernists, is the main property inextricably linked with applied expediency and local tradition. Makovsky is fascinated by this heritage, avidly perceives it, producing accurate observations and generalizations.
A Holiday With Tears Upon Our Eyes: On the Attitude Towards Victory Day in Russia
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Moscow), Danilova E.A. ,   Tomsk State University, Sulyak S.G. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: February 2023

Traditionally, Victory Day is celebrated by the post-Soviet population as one of the main holidays. Until now, many perceive it in the Soviet interpretation as Victory Day of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War. It is not only the memory of the sacrifice and suffering that the country endured, but also the involvement in the heritage of the victorious generation. Unfortunately, the campaign to “correct” the historical memory, initiated by the West and being carried out in a number of countries of the former USSR, touched upon this holiday as well. Today, in some CIS countries, including Ukraine, some are trying to change the meaning of the holiday to belittle its significance, destroy “Soviet mythology, and dissolve the Great Patriotic War in the Second World War. Despite this, many still consider Victory Day to be the main holiday, as it can be seen from the number and mass of events held annually on May 9. The absence of a nationally responsible elite in the leadership of Ukraine, the European and Euro-Atlantic integration proclaimed by the authorities, Russophobia, the Orthodox Church schism, attempts to rewrite the country‘s history to please the Western “partners”, together with language bans, are increasingly aggravating the civilizational split between the citizens of the country.
“Down with Poison in our Houses!”: Anti-Alcohol Discourse of Nash Lemko Newspaper
Authors:   Ivan Franko Drohobych State Pedagogical University, Telvak V.V. , Telvak V.P. ,   Ivan Franko Drohobych State Pedagogical University, Nakonechnyj V.M. ,   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts
Published: February 2023

The article examines the anti-alcohol policy of Nash Lemko newspaper (Lviv, 1934–1939) to determine its main aspects. According to the materials of the newspaper, the rapid intoxication of Rusins had a socio-psychological nature: burdened with landlessness, foreign bureaucracy arbitrariness and raising taxes, a typical resident of a mountain village lost the purpose of existence. Drawing on the experience of activists of the European and Ukrainian temperance movements, Nash Lemko systematically promoted a healthy lifestyle among its readers, appealing to their minds both with statistics and criminal chronicles and by means of artistic influence. Despite the unsightly moments (primarily anti-Semitic rhetoric), this policy resulted in a growing understanding among the Lemkos that their problems were mainly caused by their own reckless attitude towards alcohol and nicotine. The authors conclude that the Lemkos adequately responded to this social problem, as was evidenced by the rapid growth in the number of the “Revival” circles in mountain villages, which united Rusins-abstainers. This consolidation was very important for the Lemko community on the eve of the Second World War.
The Czechoslovak Press of 1919–1938 about Subcarpathian Rus
Authors:   Czech University of Life Sciences, Šťastná V. , Kokaisl P. ,   Czech University of Life Sciences
Published: February 2023

The article examines the position of the Rusins as well as political and social conditions in Subcarpathian Rus in 1919–1938 as reflected by the Czechoslovak press, namely the two main dailies on the left and right side of the political spectrum. The authors analyze the discursive elements of the Czechoslovak Lidové noviny (a rightwing pro-government newspaper) and Rudé právo (a left-wing, predominantly antigovernment newspaper). Subcarpathian Rus was a subject of peace negotiations after the collapse of Austria-Hungary in WWI, and its territory was annexed in 1919 to the newly formed Czechoslovak Republic. The political representation of the Rusins in America made a significant contribution to this decision. The agreement at the international level implied a guarantee of the autonomous rights of Subcarpathian Rus in Czechoslovakia, which was enshrined in the Czechoslovak Constitution. In fact, however, Subcarpathian Rus did not receive autonomy.
Fundamentals of National Identity in Bulgarian and Rusinian Literature (Based on the Works by Hristo Botev and Alexander Dukhnovych)
Authors:   Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Saikovska O.Yu.
Published: February 2023

The article focuses on the manifestations of national identity in the poetry of “buditel” (a metaphor of spiritual awakening; i.e. enlightener, awakener) of the Bulgarian people Hristo Botev and the outstanding figure of the Ukrainian people of Transcarpathia (Rusins) Alexander Dukhnovych. The analysis of the national identity foundations is determined by a multilevel approach, which addresses the psychological, cultural, territorial, historical, and political constituents. The main components of national identity, identified in H. Botev’s and A. Dukhnovych’s poetry, are folk song, folklore, mythology, beliefs and everyday life, folk heroes, national characters, and language. The dominant themes of the poetry of both authors are Motherland, national liberation war, heroism and patriotism, people and enemies, confrontation between good and evil, life and death, freedom and slavery. Traditional images in H. Botev’s poetry are those of woman-mother, beloved girl, man-haiduk (rebel), the haiduk’s song, Bulgarian people, patriot. The main images and images-symbols in A. Dukhnovych’s poetry are those of mother, beloved girl, Russian children, Mother-Russia, unity, falcon, forget-me-not. The common images are freedom, homeland, people, dream.
Periodic acid Schiff hematoxylin (PASH) staining for human retina v1
Authors: Cao Dongfeng
Published: February 2023

Periodic acid Schiff hematoxylin (PASH) staining protocol is adapted from other tissues to identify carbohydrate in human retinal sections in our lab. This method is used for labeling 10-12 µm thick cryosections of human retina, RPE, choroid, and sclera, preserved within 6 hours of death in 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, picked up on SuperFrost glass slides, and stored at -80°C. It is intended to be counterstained for nucleic acids in nuclei using modified Harris hematoxylin. The most common application is for demonstrating glycogen in liver tissue. Positive staining for glycogen is magenta, and nuclei stained by hematoxylin are blue. This PASH staining protocol is helpful to identify drusen, basal laminar deposits, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE, containing abundant lipofuscin), nuclei, and cell layers of the retina, choroid, and sclera. It is preferable to traditional H&E staining for structures and pathology specific to age related macular degeneration (AMD). It is particularly useful for diagnosis and comparison to clinical retina imaging, especially optical coherence tomography. Since the late 1960s, PASH applied to human AMD specimens was noted to stain an eosinophilic material at the base of the RPE (now known as basal laminar deposit), drusen (the characteristic lesions), and Bruch’s membrane. [1-4] 1.Gass JDM. Pathogenesis of disciform detachment of the neuroepithelium. III. Senile disciform macular degeneration. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 1967;63:617-644. PMID 6019308 2.Farkas TG, Sylvester V, Archer D, Altona M. The histochemistry of drusen. American Journal of Ophthalmology. 1971;71(6):1206-1215. PMID 4253686 3.Sarks SH. Ageing and degeneration in the macular region: a clinico-pathological study. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 1976;60(5):324-341. PMID 952802 4.Vogt SD, Curcio CA, Wang L, Li C-M, McGwin G, Jr, Medeiros NE, Philp NJ, Kimble JA, Read RW. Retinal pigment epithelial expression of complement regulator CD46 is altered early in the course of geographic atrophy. Exp Eye Res. 2011;93( 4):413-423 PMID 21684273
THE FEMALE "FACE" OF UKRAINE’S WAR AGAINST THE RUSSIAN AGGRESSOR
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, GRABOVSKA Iryna
Published: February 2023

The Author analyzes the role of Ukrainian women in the war with the Russian aggressor. Attention is focused on the gender dimension of modern warfare, including in the context of NATO‟s political principles on gender issues. It is noted that this war also has a "female face", as was said, for example, by the first lady of Ukraine, Olena Zelenska. Today, 17% of the Ukrainian Armed Forces are women. All of them in the army of Ukraine even before this war were 23% of the total number of personnel. More than 1,000 female servicemen became commanders. Today, Ukraine remains a NATO partner country, therefore compliance with provisions 1325, 1820, 1888, 1889, 1960, 2106, 2122, 2422, 2467 and 2493 of the UN Security Council Resolution on women, peace and security, which are the basis of gender policy as a United Nations, as well as NATO, is not canceled. It is noted that a number of military professions (sharpshooters, scouts, hospitalists) are more successfully performed by women, as the experience of the Second World War and NATO military operations proved. The life strategies of not only combatants, but also non-combatants are analyzed. Attention is also paid to such an irritating topic as the participation of women in the fight against Ukraine on the side of the separatists in ORDLO. Examples of the participation of women in Ukrainian territories in military operations in historical times are also given. The modern civilized world perceived with great surprise and amazement the ability of Ukrainians to resist the aggressor. The foreign press is actively searching for the roots of courage, dignity and stability of the Ukrainian people. As for Ukrainian women, it will not be superfluous to turn to the historical past, which has many heroic pages that will help to understand the truth about the Ukrainian people. The article concludes that gender consolidation, mutual respect and understanding of women and men fighting together against the Rashism will only contribute to the movement towards Ukraine‟s victory in the war against the Russian aggressor.
PROBLEM OF THE POSSIBILITY OF DIALOGUE AND MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING WITH THE "RUSSIAN WORLD"
Authors:   H. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, HRABOVSKY Serhiy
Published: February 2023

In the article, the Author analyzes the problem of "deafness" and "blindness" in relation to the realities of the Russian-Ukrainian war. These phenomena are characteristic of everyone involved in the "Russian world", regardless of origin, including ethnic Ukrainians. They cannot be explained only by powerful propaganda. The author believes that it should be about the inability of individual "functionalists" of the "Russian world" to think independently, to understand the positions of the bearers of other worldview paradigms, to fully communicate. The Internet contains tens of thousands of examples that clearly confirm the validity of the theses outlined above. Telephone conversations of Russian soldiers between themselves and with their loved ones, which were intercepted, testify to the same. Adequate assessment of the situation is often characteristic of representatives of the Russian so-called "opposition elite". The results of sociological polls, regularly conducted by the independent "Levada Center", also testify to the inability of the absolute majority of the population of Russia to understand reality, replacing such an understanding with the reproduction of the dogmas of the "Russian world". The author believes that this is explained primarily by the nature of the existing social order in Russia. This system is often called authoritarian or "extreme version of authoritarianism". From this, it is concluded that it is enough to achieve a change of power, the dismantling of the repressive apparatus and the cessation of propaganda, so that Russia moves on the path to democracy. Such a theoretical position seems wrong, since it should be about totalitarianism. Authoritarianism is a political regime, and totalitarianism is a comprehensive socio-political order, and this concept is much broader than a regime. The main difference here is that a totalitarian mythological reality has established itself in Russia, which cannot be rationally deconstructed and abolished by some political act; it can only be destroyed together with the Russian/Soviet Empire. The bulk of Russians are completely immersed in this mythical reality, which is both their external and internal world. Therefore, not only a full-fledged dialogue, but even any communication is impossible, neither with Putin personally, nor with the "collective Putin", which makes up the majority of the population of Russia. What Ukraine and the world need is not the preservation of imperial Russia, even in a simplified version, but its final and complete dismantling.