bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical value of KI-67 index in tumor tissue in patients with stage I and II ovarian cancer
Authors: Nikogosyan Seda O. , Baryshnikov A. Yu , Stepanova E. V , Kuznetsov V. V , Karapetyan V. L
Published: December 2023

Prediction of ovarian cancer (EOC) is dependent on a number of clinical, morphological, immunological and molecular biological factors. Thanks to the research findings indicate that Ki-67 is characterized by the most aggressive forms of ovarian cancer - ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma, and that with a high index of Ki-67 in tumor tissue paired unfavorable prognosis even stage I and II disease, Ki-67 protein can be considered as an adverse molecular prognostic factors of ovarian cancer early stages.
Characteristics of lymphocyte subpopulations intratumoral ovarian cancer
Authors: Nikoghosian Seda O. , Tupitsyn N. N , Mozhenkova A. V , Kokosadze N. V , Levitskaya N. V , Zueva E. V , Kuznetsov V. V
Published: December 2023

The article presents some mechanisms of antitumor immunity, lymphocyte subpopulations present in tissues of serous ovarian cancer were studied (intratumoral lymphocytes). The composition of intratumoral lymphocytes in tumor stroma, depending on its degree of differentiation was studied. A significant relationship between the degree of infiltration of mature T cells and the degree of differentiation of serous ovarian cancer was revealed.
The indicators of the tumour proliferative activity and therapeutic responsiveness in adenocarcinoma in anal canal after complex treatment
Authors: Zenukova Tat’yana V. , Perevoschikov A. G , Kuzmichev D. V , Barsukov Yu. A
Published: December 2023

Carcinoma of the anal canal is infrequent pathology. The morbidity registers in 5,2% among men and 4,8% among women. The purpose of this study was investigated the correlation among morphological characteristics of the tumors. Tumor regression grade and index Ki 67 are morphological indicators of the effectiveness of the complex treatment. In the 47,5% (n = 19) of both groups was exposed I-II tumour regression grade, IV tumour regression in grade 3,3 % (n = 2). Tumor regression grade positively correlated with the degree of the tumor invasion (coeff.corr. = +0,47) (p > 0.05).
Chemoradiotherapy of squamous cell anal cancer
Authors: Elizbaryan Karina S. , Lazarev A. F , Shoykhet Ya. N , Davidenko I. S , Kaushanskaya S. Yu , Davidenko O. V , Gorcovoi A. V , Bublik M. V , Vasilenko I. N
Published: December 2023

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal is a rare disease and is no more than 1.7-2% of the annual cancer incidence. Chemoradiation therapy - the standard modern treatment of squamous cell anal cancer. Short-term recurrence-free period of the new approaches to the treatment of anal cancer, in particular to the new regimes chemoradiotherapy.
From pathogenesis of breast cancer and gynecological illness to a practical solution
Authors: Cherenkov Vyacheslav G. , Petrov A. B , Tverezovskiy S. A , Strozhenkov M. M
Published: December 2023

The results of mammographic screening in 30 240 women over 40 years were studied. Detectability of early (palpable) cancers was 0.24% (excluding carcinoma in situ), treatment of whom allowed to reduce mortality after 5-7 years from the start of screening from breast cancer to 11.6per 100 000female population. However, the MS detects a wide range of node and diffuse dishormonal breast disease (60.1% of surveyed), most of which indicate premorbid-morbid diseases of the uterus and appendages (from 79.7% to 97.6%) . We show that this category of women, as well as patients with diabetes who are on the books at the endocrinologist, need examination and treatment by a gynecologist and purposeful (opportunistic) mammography screening.
The epidemiology of prostate cancer in Altai region
Authors: Ganov Dmitry I. , Fedoskina A. V , Varlamov S. A , Averyanova M. V , Lazarev A. F
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the main issues of the epidemiology of cancer of the prostate in the Altai region in the last 20 years. The incidence of prostate cancer in the Altai Krai had increased almost 4 times for the period from 1994 to 2013. More than 9% of men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer are of working age. The death rate from prostate cancer, and the percentage of patients in the fourth stage in recent years decreases. Morphological verification, identification at an early stage has increased significantly over the years.
Multiple primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx and hypopharynx. Case report
Authors: Kropotov M. A , Agabekyan Goar O. , Stelmakh D. K , Saprina O. A , Lysov A. A , Badalyan A. G , Dronova E. L
Published: December 2023

The article presents a clinical case of radical surgery using microsurgical techniques for cancer of the oropharynx after complex therapy spent the first tumor - hypopharynx cancer.
Search for new antitumor compounds among n-glycoside indolo[2,3-a]carbazole derivatives
Authors: Kiseleva Marina P. , Smirnova Z. S , Borisova L. M , Kubasova I. Yu , Ektova L. V , Miniker T. D , Plikhtiak I. L , Medvedeva L. A , Eremina V. A , Tikhonova N. I
Published: December 2023

The study investigated antitumor activity of 10 new compounds in the series of N-glycosides of indolo[2,3-a] carbazoles. The results identified strong antitumor activity of compounds LCS-1208, LCS -1054, LCS -999 and LCS-1006 against lymphocytic leukemia P-388 (ILS=85 - 119%). Glycosides LCS-1208, LCS-999 and LCS-1006 exhibited high antitumor activity immediately after treatment for Lewis epidermoid lung carcinoma LLC (TGI =90%). In addition, the antitumor effect after LCS-999 and LCS-1006 treatment kept on for 10 days, and LCS-1208 - for 15 days. Glycoside LCS-1208 had a therapeutic efficiency on melanoma B-16 for 7 days (TGI=91 - 58%). Thus, the study of relation «structure-activity» in a series of derivatives of N-glycosides of indolo[2,3-a]carbazoles allowed to select highly effective compound LCS-1208 for preclinical studies.
The use of post-genomic technologies for the diagnosis of cancer on the example of prostate cancer
Authors: Peshkov Maksim N. , Sharova E. I , Klabukov I. D
Published: December 2023

The last ten years have significantly changed the diagnostic and therapeutic technologies in research and practice. Human genome from a large international project turns into a basis of personalized medicine. The paper presents the positive experience of the new technology experimental thinking that led to the creation of complex scientific and technological platform that allows you to significantly improve the diagnostic characteristics (sensitivity, specificity) of the traditional PSA test. This paper presents the experimental results, which can improve the specificity and sensitivity of existing diagnostic methods.
Growth factors vascular of endothelial and receptors in the dynamic of transplantable melanoma B16/F10 development
Authors: Frantsiyants E. M , Bandovkina Valeriya A. , Kaplieva I. V , Trepitaki L. K , Pogorelova Yu. A , Cheryarina N. D
Published: December 2023

The growth of any cancer is associated with neoangiogenesis and neolimfogenezom that gives neoplasm opportunity of autonomous development. The basic processes of these agents is the family of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), represented by VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, its biological effects performing the interaction with tyrosine kinase receptors R1, R2 and R3. In tumor and perifocal zone intact skin of laboratory animals - mice were inoculated subcutaneously with B16 melanoma / F10 (n = 40) to study the dependence of the level of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, as well as their receptors - R1, R2 from the development of cancer. It was found that during the growth of melanoma B16 / F10 in mice lines C57BL / 6j actively implemented mechanisms of various vessels creation - angiogenesis, and vasculogenic mimicry neolimfogenesis. Thus growth factors and their receptors are synthesized not only the tumor, but also to surrounding tissues, and even remote areas of the skin from the tumor. Until the second week of melanoma tumor is a leading component for expression of growth factors and their receptors, however, for the third week - the lead passes to the perifocal area, which continues to increase as VEGF, and their receptors. Interestingly time that remote from the tumor of the skin is much more active synthesis of VEGF-C and its receptor.
The incidence of malignant neoplasms in the Azerbaijan Republic
Authors: Aliyev D. A , Mardanli Fuad A. , Vatankha S. S , Farkhadzadeh K. B
Published: December 2023

Statistical analysis showed that the highest incidence of malignant tumors was observed in males at diseases of the trachea, bronchus, lung, intensive index, which was 18,9 % ooo and gastric malignancies (15,3 % ooo). Individuals female lead position taken by the disease, breast cancer and cervical cancer, intense incidence which was 31,8 % ooo and 7,0 % ooo, respectively. The greatest increase in the incidence of malignant tumors observed in both males and in females in the age group 50-59 years, which standardized ratio was 30,8 and 29,4 % ooo respectively. Revealed that the greatest cause of mortality and mortality in men were malignant neoplasms of the stomach (0.2 and 47.9% ooo respectively) and the trachea, bronchus and lung (0.1 and 51.2% ooo respectively), women - malignant neoplasm of breast (0.1 and 14.1% ooo respectively). Aggressiveness factor most likely expressed in malignant tumors of the stomach (1.3) in men and bladder (1.7), trachea, bronchus and lung (0.9) and the lips (0.8) in women.
Primary refractory hodgkin lymphoma and autologous stem cell transplantation: results of the single-center prospective study
Authors: Petrova Galina D. , Melkova K. N , Chernyavskaya T. Z , Gorbunova N. V , Afanas'ev B. V , Demina E. A , Kostrykina V. N , Doronin V. A
Published: December 2023

Today the role of single or double Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) in patients (pts) with refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is still unclear. Aim. To present the results of a single-center prospective trial which aim was to show the significance of single and double ASCT in patients with HL, who did not achieve complete response after first-line chemotherapy. Material and Methods. Between 2007 and 2014 62 patients were enrolled in the study. First ASCT was administered to 53 patients, 10 of those 53 patients received second ASCT. Results. 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PS) were 52 and 27% after single ASCT versus 38 and 30% after double ASCT respectively. According to our study extensive previous treatment (radiotherapy and chemotherapy) followed by ASCT had a negative prognostic impact on overall survival (OS) (p=0.03). Moreover, initial response to the first ASCT was found to be an independent prognostic factor of OS (p=0.004). According to our results, achievement ofpartial response or disease stabilization after the first ASCT was the main indication for double ASCT. In this case second ASCT is preferable to alternative treatment (p=0.004). Disease progression (PD) after the first ASCT seems to be a contraindication to the necessity of the second course of ASCT as low effectiveness and high level of toxicity do not improve treatment results in comparison to alternative treatment (p=0.6). Achievement of complete remission associated with disease free long-term survival and high quality of life. Achievement of complete remission was crucial at any treatment stage. Conclusion. ASCT is an effective treatment option for patients who never achieved CR. Second ASCT is a treatment of choice for patients with PR/SD after 1st ASCT. Nevertheless second ASCT does not improve outcome for patients with PD after 1st ASCT. Alternative variants of treatment are needed for this patient group.
Breast cancer screening: world experience and prospects
Authors: Kolyadina Irina V. , Poddubnaya I. V , Komov D. V
Published: December 2023

Breast cancer screening (breast examination in potentially healthy women for early, preclinical detection of malignancies) was introduced in the 60s last century in the United States, and then in the number of countries in the world. Many years of experience has shown important clinical and prognostic value of mammographic screening programs for increasing the proportion of carcinoma in situ and breast cancer stage I, which led to significant improvement in the long-term survival. The review presents the main stages of the screening programs, differences in the organization of screening in different countries, and also gives the definition of «screening age,» high-risk factors for breast cancer appearing and possible intensification of early detection programs. The existing screening methods have described, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as highlighted possible areas for screening programs.
Characteristics of distribution frequency of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphic genes among residents of Mongolia
Authors: Uyanga G. , Zandraa J. , Gandbold S. , Unursaikhan S. , Altanchimeg O. , Suvd Duvjir
Published: December 2023

Intensive urbanization and socioeconomic development since the beginning of the 1990s significantly changed lifestyles of Mongolians as well as is resulted in rapid epidemiological transition in morbidity and mortality patterns. In regard to this we studied polymorphism of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes null genotypes in Mongolian population in order to observe the influence of these negative to the heath socio-economic impacts on frequencies of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes null genotypes in people born after 1990.
Treatment of fertile age patients with benign breast tumors
Authors: Karasjov Vladimir Ye. , Dolgikh V. T , Leonov O. V
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of the treatment of 85 fertile age women with breast fibroadenomas. They were operated either by partial mastectomy or by vacuum aspiration removal of fibroadenomas with En-Cor apparatus. The study evaluated therapeutic effect on the hormonal background of the women with breast fibroadenomas achieved by monophase microdose complex oral contraceptives (ethinyl estradiol at the dose of 20 pg) or by vacuum aspiration. The use of En-Cor apparatus was effective not only in total fibroadenoma removal, but also in excellent cosmetic results, reduction of the operation time, decrease of the in-hospital period, minimizing both early and long-term postoperative complications including the risk of recurrence.
Analysis of current MRI capabilities in diagnosis of the focal liver lesions
Authors: Romanova Kseniya A.
Published: December 2023

This is an overview of current approaches to liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) particularly diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI that supposed to be a promising tool for the detection and characterization offocal liver lesions. Basic principles of DW MR imaging, typical DWI features offocal liver lesions, difficulties in differentiating benign from malignant, monitoring and predicting treatment response are highlighted.
Malignancies in children in Russia: trends and highlights
Authors: Men' T. Kh , Rykov Maksim Yu. , Polyakov V. G
Published: December 2023

Objective - to determine current rates of childhood cancer incidence and mortality at a national level for Russia and to evaluate recent trends. Material and methods. Using the Annual reports of Ministry of health and Federal State Statistics Service we calculated childhood cancer incidence and mortality rates for the 5-year period 2008-2012 and trends between 1989 and 2012 by sex, age and site. Rates were directly age-standardised to the 2000 World Standard Population, and linear regression was used to determine the magnitude and significance of trends. Results. The age-adjusted incidence rate in children aged 0-17 years was 125 per 1,000, 000 individuals per year for 2008-2012. The highest age-specific incidence (159 per 1,000,000 children/year) was observed in early childhood (0-4 years). Between 1989 and 2012, a significant increase in the cancer incidence was observed in children aged 0-14 years: average annual percent change was 1,6% [95%CI 1,5%; 1,7%]. The greatest increase for this period was observedfor soft tissue sarcomas (3,7% [2,6; 4,9]), hepatic tumors (3,6% [2,6; 4,6]), thyroid carcinomas (3,7% [3,2; 4,2]), CNS neoplasms (2,9% [2,6; 3,1]), renal tumors (2,1% [1,7; 2,5]) and leukaemias (1,9% [1,7; 2,1]). The decrease of incidence was observed for Hodgkin (- 1,6% [-2,1; -1,2]) and non-Hodgkin (- 1.4% [-1,8; -1,0]) lymphomas. Childhood cancer mortality for 2008-2012 was 40 cases per 1000,000 children/year. The highest age-specific mortality rate (52,3 per 1,000,000) was observed in infants. The significant decrease of mortality were found from 1989 (70 per million) to 2012 (37per million). The greatest average annual decrease for this period was observedfor leukaemias (-3,8% [-4,0; -3,5]) and lymphomas (-6,8% [-7,3; -6,4]). The significant decrease of mortality in 19992012 was foundfor malignant bone tumors( -5,9% [-7,4; -4,3]), renal tumors (-2,9% [-4,7; -1,1]) and CNS neoplasms (-1,1% [-1,9; -0,3]) with the only exeption for soft tissue sarcomas (average annual increase was 3,2% [1,8; 4,7]). Conclusion. Significant temporal trends of childhood cancer incidence and mortality in Russia were found during the study period. Although rates of cancer mortality are generally decreasing in Russia there are still very high levels for common childhood cancer types.
Ex vivo comparative study of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy and light microscopy in diagnostics of lung cancer
Authors: Danilevskaya Olesya V. , Sorokina A. V , Averyanov A. V , Zabozlaev F. G , Urazovsky N. Yu , Sazonov D. V , Sotnikova A. G
Published: December 2023

This study is an ex-vivo comparison of images obtained by probe-based confocal endomicroscopy (pCLE) examination of lung cancer samples and light microscopy specimens prepared from the same samples. This first ex-vivo study revealed endomicroscopic characteristics of different types of lung carcinoma.
Combined positron emission and computer tomography in diagnostics of primary metastases in the lymph nodes of the neck
Authors: Kulikov E. P , Zaharkina Tat’yana V. , Chevardov N. I , Chernicyn K. I , Redkin A. N , Ryzhih O. V
Published: December 2023

The efficiency of combined positron emission and computer tomography in the diagnostics of primary metastatic lymph nodes of the neck was analyzed. We determined that f this method provided additional information about progression and localization of primary tumors in 80% of patients. At the same time, primary tumor was identified in 27% of the completely examined patients and metastatic lesions in other organs and lymph nodes were detected in 47% of these patients.
The role of ultrasonic diagnostics of liver metastates in designing surgical treatment strategy
Authors: Danzanova Tat’yana Yu. , Sinyukova G. T , Gudilina E. A , Sholohov V. N , Lepedatu P. I , Kostyakova L. A , Allahverdieva G. F , Berdnikov S. N
Published: December 2023

Aim. Determining the role of ultrasound examination in the diagnostics of liver metastases at the preoperative stage. Methods. 518 patients with secondary tumors in the liver underwent ultrasonic study (US). The results were compared with the data of other methods, biopsy, surgical palpation and histopathalogical study of the resected samples. Results. US strategy of metastasis diagnostics evaluates the number, size, and localization of lesions; the data remain valid for about a month. These data are used in surgery planning considering individual course of diseases and chemotherapy results. US metastasis diagnostics sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 95.2%, 26.8%, 89.8%, respectively. We developed a methodology for accurate determination of lesion sites in the liver. The study showed that chemotherapy could worsen US results. The authors give practical recommendations for optimization ofpreoperative diagnostics. Conclusion. Ultrasound diagnostics demonstrated high effectiveness in determination of number, size, and precise localization of metastatic liver lesions that allows recommending this method for wide use in surgery planning.
Sunitinib - standard second-line therapy of metastatic gastro-intestinal stromal tumors (review of literature and case reports)
Authors: Meshcheryakov Andrey A. , Filonenko D. A , Petukhova S. V
Published: December 2023

Treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors actively developed. Standard second-line treatment of disseminated gastrointestinal stromal tumors is sunitinib (Sutent). Its effectiveness is proven in a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, international phase III trial NCT 00075218. This review summarizes recent data on the epidemiology and diagnosis of the disease, a common approach to the treatment of early and advanced disease, the results of the registration study of sunitinib phase III clinical recommendations to reduce the frequency and severity of adverse events. Particular attention is paid to the factors that are key to achieving the maximum clinical efficacy of sunitinib, namely, prevention and treatment of adverse events, optimizing the dosage regimen and duration of treatment. The article illustrates own clinical observations that demonstrate the efficacy of sunitinib as second-line therapy of disseminated gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
Clinical morphological features of a hereditary breast cancer and their influence on the treatment
Authors: Shoykhet Ya. N , Lazarev A. F , Gofman Alina A. , Zadontseva N. S , Lazareva D. G.
Published: December 2023

Objective - to examine the clinical and morphological characteristics of hereditary breast cancer and their impact on the nature of the treatment. Material and methods. A comparative study between women with hereditary forms of breast cancer and sporadic breast cancer. The work is based on information about 727 women. The women were divided into two groups: primary, including 377 women with hereditary forms of breast cancer and a comparison to include 350 women with sporadic breast cancer. Results. Statistically significant differences were obtained by the nature, location, growth receptor status of the tumor site, presence of regional lymph node metastasis by special treatment.
Expression and prognostic significance of bcl-2 apoptosis inhibitor in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Cherdantseva Tat’yana M. , Bobrov I. P , Lazarev A. F , Klimachev V. V , Avdalyan A. M
Published: December 2023

This articlepresents the study of prognostic significance of bcl-2 apoptosis inhibitor expression in renal cell carcinoma. Operation samples of 59 patients with renal cell carcinoma were studied. Average age of patients was 56,6 ± 1,3 years. 31 (52,5 %) were men , 28 (47,5 %)-women . Correlations were found between bcl-2, clinical cancer stage (r = 0,31; р = 0,02), size of tumor node (r = 0,29; р = 0,02), regional and distant metastasis ( r = 0,35; р = 0,005) and histologic tumor type (r = 0,41; р = 0,002). No correlation was found with patients ’ sex (r = 0,16; р = 0,22), age (r = 0,17; р = 0,22) and tumor grade by Furman (r = 0,19; р = 0,15). Absence of bcl- 2 expression in tumor cells can be considered as a marker of possible metastases. The results showed correlation between the marker expression and overallsurvival was. Low level of bcl-2 oncoprotein expression in tumor cells is apoorprognostic factor of fatient’s survival.
Working scheme of errors in diagnostics of respiratory diseases
Authors: Lukyanenko Nikolay Ya. , Shoykhet Ya. N , Lazarev A. F , Lubennikov V. A
Published: December 2023

The design of working scheme of errors in diagnostics of respiratory system diseases that lead to delayed establishment of the thoracic diagnosis (later than 14 days after the first visit to the doctor) involved the following: incorrect interpretation of clinical data (23.1% to 48.9%), poor performance status ofpatients, which prevented examination (2.0% to 6.4%), method limitation (2.0% to 13.9%), incorrect interpretation of X-ray diagnostics data (45.9% to 62.8%), inadequate physician’s qualification (16.4% to 43.2%), violation of standard examination (91.0% to 100.0%), low quality of X-ray images (15.7% to 34.8%), inadequate examination method (38.6% to 53.8%), difficult case (4.4% to 20.5%).
Regional biologic characteristics of skin melanoma
Authors: Yargunin Sergey A. , Lazarev A. F
Published: December 2023

The incidence of melanoma in the world has been growing steadily. In recent years, more attention is paid to the biological profile of melanoma that affects disease-free and overall survival, and, respectively, prognosis of the disease. Today the world medicine has a number of drugs which target biological functions of the tumor. Having an arsenal of analysis of biological characteristics of melanoma will soon start developing individual prognosis and possible treatment options for an individual patient and the population as a whole, i.e. to personalize therapy. The purpose of the study - to analyze the results of disease-free survival in patients with locally advanced melanoma taking into account tumor biological characteristics of the Krasnodar region. Methods. Histological analysis of postoperative material and evaluation of B-RAF mutation and Ki67 marker in patients with melanoma who received surgical treatment in 2013. Results. The data of biological characteristics of tumors in patients after surgical treatment with skin melanoma I-IV stage at the Department of Surgery of skin tumors and soft tissue in 2013 analysis found that the incidence of MK was detected more frequently in the female population of the working age group. The level of Ki-67 mutation showed no correlation with the age, sex and disease stage. BRAF-mutation detection was high that led to reduction of disease-free survival compared to patients who had no mutations, with the greatest number of mutations in gene BRAFV600 in the older age group.
Endothelial dysfunction and results of its correction at gastric neoplasm
Authors: Olzhayev Sayakhat T. , Shoykhet Ya. N , Lazarev A. F
Published: December 2023

A complex examination of 122 patients with II and III stages of neoplasms were carried out for the purpose of definition of results of correction of disturbances of endothelial functions in operated patients with gastric cancer. All patients were exposed to radical surgical treatment. Endothelium function indicators and contents of circulating endothelial cells were studied. It is revealed that application of L-arginine and ACE inhibitor provides decrease in degree of endothelial dysfunction and damages an endothelium that correlates with decrease in frequency of postoperative complications, late complications in the form of development of recurrence and metastasises and mortality.
Level of certain serum hormones in experimental liver metastasis
Authors: Frantsiyants E. M , Kaplieva Irina V. , Trepitaki L. K , Cheryarina N. D
Published: December 2023

Studying tumor and metastasis biology is an important challenge of both biology and medicine, since only an experiment may reveal fine mechanisms of pathogenesis. We analyzed the dynamics of serum hormones in a model of rat liver metastates designed by our group, which excluded toxic carcinogen effects, sharp surgical influence and narcosis. The results showed that liver metastases were associated with the following: 1) hyperthyroidism developing at early stages of metastatic process was replaced by latent hypothyroidism after 5 weeks of the carcinogenesis as a result of autoimmune thyroiditis; 2) the increase of progesterone, LG and prolactin levels after 5 weeks of tumor metastasis in liver after the 2 weeks ’ initial decrease; 3) sexual hormones metabolism activation: after a week - increase offree testosterone level, after 2 weeks -rise of estrone and total testosterone and the decrease of estrogen levels after 5 weeks of carcinogenesis; 4) adrenal gland activation leading to the enhancement of serum stress hormone corticosterone and its antagonist DHEA.
Drainage of the pelvic cavity through retroperitoneal space during operations on the pelvic organs
Authors: Ahmetzyanov Foat Sh. , Egorov V. I , Shaychutdinov N. T , Ahmetzyanova F. F , Ahmetzyanova A. F
Published: December 2023

Types of drains and drainage methods after abdominal operations are fundamental in the prevention and treatment of postoperative complications. History of surgery is firmly linked with the development of drainage. Passive drains are used for cavity drainage in most cases. The authors describe history of drains and drainage methods, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. This paper presents technical specifications developed by the authors and their method of drainage installation of the retroperitoneal pelvic cavity after operations on the pelvic organs. The results demonstrate efficiency of the developed method for draining pelvic cavity on the basis of studies of a large number of patients.
Vascularized flaps for pharynx and cervical esophagus reconstruction
Authors: Saprina Oksana A. , Kropotov M. A , Sobolevskiy V. A , Ungiadze G. V
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of application vascularized fascio-cutaneous flaps to replace partial and circular defects of the pharynx and cervical esophagus in patients with recurrent cancer of the larynx and hypopharynx. For a long time gastroepiploic flap, fragments of small and large intestine were usedfor restoring continuity of the pharynx, however, since high morbidity radiation and anterio-lateral thigh flaps are more justified to be used.
Target medical screening as the basis for regional cancer care development
Authors: Cerenkov Vyacheslav G. , Petrov A. B , Tveresovskiy S. A , Strogenkov M. M , Ivanchenko O. G
Published: December 2023

The problem of visually localized tumors, in particularly breast cancer (BC), may be resolved by an integrated approach combining mammographic screening and minimally invasive resection of the detected tumors, which is performed both for diagnostics and prophylactics (removal of potentially dangerous lesions). 25.5% of the patients with surgical intervention had organ preserving or reconstructive surgery, which improves patients ’ quality of life and gains women’s motivation for mammographic screening in the region. Such examples are the most convincing. The integrated approach to solve BC problem resulted in decreasing lethality by 28.8±2.1%.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors and additional neoplasms
Authors: Filonenko Dar’ya A. , Abukhaidar O. B , Vorontsova K. A , Tsymgitova N. T , Meshcheryakov A. A
Published: December 2023

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are reported to occur in association with other secondary neoplasms. It is necessary to exclude other malignancies in case of non-typical GIST metastases pattern. Most common additional malignancies are urogenital and colorectal cancer. Article presents a clinical case report of two synchronous malignant tumors: GIST and kidney cancer.
Long-term trastuzumab biotherapy of a breast cancer patient
Authors: Volodina L. N , Kulikov E. P , Grigoryev A. V , Bublokova M. P , Zhuravleva O. P , Chernova V. V , Kolobaeva R. E , Sashina E. L , Sonina L. A , Mertsalov Sergey A. , Mirchetich A. S , Vinogradov I. Yu , Kholchev M. Yu
Published: December 2023

The paper describes a clinical case of long-term Trastuzumab biotherapy of a patient with HER2-positive breast cancer. The patient with morphology confirmed HER2+ breast cancer has received Trastuzumab therapy over 9 years. CT data proved complete resorption of metastases in the lungs. No adverse events, which could limit trastuzumab treatment, were noted. The clinical case illustrates effective long-term Trastuzumab therapy of a patient with metastatic HER2+ breast cancer.
Multidisciplinary approach to treatment of advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Trusilova Elena V. , Besova N. S , Khokhlova S. V , Gorbunova V. A , Nered S. N , Stilidi I. S
Published: December 2023

This arcticle presents possibilities of combined treatment of a patient with advanced gastric cancer. The patient with gastric cancer and hepatic, paragastric and left supraclavicular metastases was treated by chemotherapy. 8 courses of chemotherapy by docetaxel + cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil + leucovorin resulted in complete regression of distant metastases. This allowed conducting D2 subtotal gastric resection in the patient. Morphologic examination of the tissue samples obtained during surgery identified a low-differetiated gastric adenocarcinoma infiltrating gastric wall to the subserous layer. No metastases were detected in locoregional lymph nodes. Adjuvant chemotherapy was discontinued after 2 courses because of increasing neuropathy. Over the follow up period no disease progression has been registered by April 2015. The overall survival reached 67 months. Thus, combined treatment of the patient resulted in increased overall survival.
Dynamics of age structure and level of re-recognized disability due to cancer in adult population in the Russian Federation in 2005-2014
Authors: Puzin S. N , Shurgaya Marina A. , Muteva T. A , Sumedi I. R , Kuznetsova E. A
Published: December 2023

We analyzed special features of re-recognized disability due to cancer in adults in the Russian Federation in 2005-2014. We studied the absolute number, the level, and the age structure of the persons re-recognized as disabled. We determined the proportion of the re-recognized disability due to cancer among all the people re-recognized as disabled because of other disease types. Re-recognized disability due to cancer increased in the Russian Federation. However, the level of the disability among young and middle-aged population decreased, whereas it increased in retirement-age people. The level of the re-recognized disability in this age group of the adult Russian Federation people increasedfrom 10.1% to 41.6% per 10 thousands of the relevant population over 10 years (from 2005 to 2014). Malignant tumors ranked second after the blood system diseases as the re-recognized disability cause in the Russian Federation (in 2014).
Survival of women with cancer in Samara region
Authors: Egorova Alla G. , Orlov A. E , Suslin S. A
Published: December 2023

Analysis of the survival of women with cancer was performed to assess effectiveness of cancer control programs in Samara region in 2003-2012. The calculation of the results involved a dynamic (actuarial) method based on the tables of survivorship. The study showed that Samara region has high quality health care for women with cancer because all survival parameters in most cancers have stable and reliable positive trends. Moreover positive trends are registered for the results of relative survival, though they were less significant and so far unreliable. This suggests further development and improvement of health care for women with cancer. Implementation of a target program “Development of Health care in Samara region in 2014-2020” includes practical realization of innovative organizational decisions on the basis of new technologies offered by basic science and tested in some developed countries.
Current strategies for diagnostics and treatment of lung and pleura metastasis
Authors: Usmanov Bekzod B.
Published: December 2023

The frequency of lung metastases varies from 1.6 to 55.4% depending on the site and histological structure of the primary tumor according to the literature data. As a result of improving chemotherapy effectiveness, emergence of new diagnostic techniques, anesthesiology and surgical facilities, indications for lung metastases surgery are extending. The proportion of surgery for intrapulmonary metastases does not exceed 2.5 - 4% of all the thoracic surgeries despite the huge contingent of patients who require this specialized care. The complications rate after lung metastases surgery is about 10-15%. Mortality after surgery for lung metastases ranges from 1.2 to 6%.
Prevalence of multiple primary malignant neoplasms with involvement of thoracic organs
Authors: Karpov Valeriy M. , Lazarev A. F
Published: December 2023

The paper presents a review of literature dealing with the problem of multiple primary malignant neoplasms with involvement of thoracic organs. Variations of polyneoplasia in combination with lung cancer, esophageal carcinoma and pleural mesothelioma are considered. The article analyzes the specific features of this pathology development, similarities and differences in the results of previous investigators. Taking into consideration the proved exogenous influence in the cancer origin the study of regional features is of interest and aimed at epidemiological situation improvement.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of multicomponent treatment in the progression of primary low-grade brain gliomas. Own experience
Authors: Sarycheva Marina M. , Vazhenin Andrey V. , Mozerova Ekaterina Ya.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Despite the improved results of treatment of brain tumors achieved over the past decade, most patients experience relapses of the disease 1–2 years after treatment. Numerous clinical studies have made it possible to obtain standard protocols for the treatment of primary brain tumors; however, protocols for the treatment of recurrent tumors have not been developed. The choice of treatment usually includes reoperation, systemic chemotherapy, and reirradiation alone or in combination. However, the treatment of recurrent glial tumors is challenging given the lack of effective treatment options and the lack of randomized controlled trials on which to base therapy.
AIM: To determine the most important prognostic factors, as well as the most effective treatment option in patients with continued growth of primary low-grade gliomas of the brain.
METHODS: This study included 40 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of progression of low-malignant glial brain tumors, who underwent inpatient treatment at the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine from 2007 to 2022. The ratio of men and women: 1:1.5. The mean age was 45.6±11.5 years. Patients with grade I astrocytomas predominated (n=23), oligodendroglioma was diagnosed in 8 patients.
Reoperation was performed in 11 patients as the first stage of progression treatment. In 7 cases, monochemotherapy with temozolomide was performed. Repeated radiation therapy was performed in 29 patients, of which: 9 patients received a course of combined photon-neutron therapy; 9 patients — stereotactic radiation therapy (was performed on the CyberKnife device); 11 patients — external beam radiation therapy.
RESULTS: The median overall survival (OS) for all patients with continued growth of low-grade cerebral gliomas after treatment was 120 months. 1-year OS — 97.3%; 3-year — 86.8%; 5-year — 78.2%. Median OS after relapse treatment was 36 months. The median OS was higher in the age group under 50 compared to the older age group: 120 and 95 months (p 0.05).
The best results of treatment were noted in patients who underwent reoperation followed by a course of radiation therapy or chemotherapy with temozolomide for 48 months and 36 months respectively (p 0.05). When analyzing the results of treatment after a course of repeated radiation therapy in an independent variant, there were undoubted advantages in patients who underwent stereotactic radiation therapy and photon-neutron therapy for 60 months and 24 months respectively (p 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The optimal approach to the treatment of patients with continued growth of primary low-grade glioma brain tumors is to perform a second operation, followed by radiation therapy or chemotherapy. The method of choice for a repeat course of radiotherapy may be photon-neutron therapy or stereotactic radiation therapy.
Malignant neoplasms of the respiratory tract and thoracic organs in the remote period in males of Altai krai affected by first nuclear test at Semipalatinsk test site
Authors: Kovrigin Anton O. , Kolyado Igor B. , Lubennikov Vladimir A. , Vikhlyanov Igor V. , Lazarev Alexandr F. , Shoikhet Yakov N.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: The study of remote effects of radiation exposure on tumor-related morbidity in population remains a matter of great social significance in Altai Krai.
AIM: To investigate the incidence rate for malignant neoplasms of respiratory tract and thoracic organs in the remote period in the male population born in 1932–1949 and located in the zone of influence of the first nuclear test.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was based on the analysis of anonymized data and surgical records on morphologically verified cases of primary malignant neoplasms in a male cohort for the period from 2007 to 2016. In this paper, we studied a cohort fixed by the date of the first nuclear test, with a total of 6383 male individuals. The main (exposed) cohort included 2291 men, while the control (non-exposed) cohort included 4092 men who lived in rural communities of the region that were not affected during the first nuclear test. The cohort included 156 cases of morphologically verified diagnosis of primary malignant neoplasms of the respiratory tract and thoracic organs (codes C30–C39 according to the International Classification of Diseases). Person-time incidence rate (PtR), standard error (mPtR) and confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. The incidence of respiratory and thoracic malignant neoplasms, structure and relative risk (RR) were assessed. Statistical processing of the data was performed using licensed Microsoft Office 2016 software.
RESULTS: The number of person-years spent at risk for respiratory and thoracic malignancies in the male population in the main cohort was 16 731 person-years, and in the control cohort — 30 747 person-years. In the main cohort, PtR was 436.32×105 person-years, with an mPtR of 51.07 and 95% CI of 334.18–538.45; in the control cohort the PtR was 269.95×105 person-years with an mPtR of 29.63 and 95% CI of 210.68–329.21. The leading localizations of malignant neoplasms of the respiratory and thoracic organs in men in the main and control cohorts were bronchial and lung malignancies and laryngeal malignancies.
CONCLUSIONS: An increased relative risk of respiratory and thoracic malignant neoplasms manifesting in the remote period in the male population born and living in rural areas of Altai Krai during the first nuclear test conducted at the Semipalatinsk test site was revealed: RR=1.616, 95% CI 1.180–2.214, with the standard error of relative risk equal to 0.160.
Jeju Island- A “Visa-Free” South Korean Destination, Not Free to All: A Legal Remedy
Authors: Garon Nicolas Patrick
Published: December 2023

Jeju Island, a picturesque island off the southern coast of South Korea, is a popular destination known for its stunning natural landscapes and unique culture. Unlike South Korea’s general visa policy, which requires visas for many nationalities, Jeju Island offers a more lenient visa-free policy, allowing most travelers to stay for up to 30 days without a visa, providing they satisfy the requirement of arriving via direct flight outside mainland South Korea. However, the island's visa policy is only partially inclusive, as it excludes nationals from 23 countries designated by the South Korean Ministry of Justice.

While allowing visa-free travel for tourists is a concept explored previously, South Korea's restriction on certain nationalities undercuts its goal of promoting tourism and economic development on Jeju Island. Interestingly, other countries that have visa-free island policies do not impose such restrictions, including Vietnam’s Phú Quốc Island, Iran’s Kish and Qeshm Islands, and Norway’s Svalbard.

This article delves into Jeju Island’s visa policy, the list of excluded countries, and the policies of other countries with visa-free islands. It proposes a straightforward legal remedy that could promote more inclusive tourism by allowing all nationalities to visit Jeju Island without visa restrictions. Such a move would enhance the island’s reputation as a welcoming and inclusive tourist destination and foster greater international cooperation.
Pathways from the (semi) Periphery: Early Assessment of EU Mercosur Trade Agreement in Principle
Authors: Nahtigal Matjaz
Published: December 2023

In the current international and domestic context, imagining a more complex bilateral trade agreement is more accessible than between the European Union (E.U.) and Mercosur (the South American International Trading Bloc). The tensions between these major trading blocs only aggravate international trade and economic relations. Consequently, the World Trade Organization (WTO) is bracing for its most significant challenge since its establishment in 1994. Between the E.U. and Mercosur's complex trade agreement and the WTO's challenge, the post-COVID-19 international legal environment has become even more complicated.  

The aims of this paper are: (1) to analyze the importance of the E.U.–Mercosur agreement within the current institutional trade framework; (2) to present some of the most controversial dilemmas posed by the present agreement; and (3) to evaluate the extent to which the agreement may support or hinder more sustainable and inclusive development among both trade partners. This study will focus on Brazil due to its geography, population size, and historical efforts to bring the nation closer to the international periphery and its radical turn to authoritarian populism. Additionally, Brazil's Amazon Rainforest's global necessity is essential for this study.
Kangaroo mother care verses oral sucrose for pain control in premature neonates on heel prick: a randomized control trial
Authors: Hugar Savitri G. , S. Kavitha Lakshmi , A. S. Jagadish , R. Premalatha , B. Ravichander
Published: December 2023

Background: Preterm Neonates receiving intensive care are subjected to multiple painful procedures as part of their intensive care management. Pain leads to abnormal neurodevelopment, so it is extremely important to treat and reduce pain. Multiple studies have shown to be beneficial in pain control. Objective was to compare the efficacy of Kangaroo Mother Care with oral sucrose for pain management in premature neonates on heel prick.
Methods: A total of 100 preterm neonates (28-36 weeks) who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Randomization was done and fifty participants per study arm were randomly assigned to the KMC and oral sucrose group. Preterm babies in the KMC group were given KMC for 15 minutes uninterrupted prior to heel prick. In oral sucrose group, two minutes prior to the procedure, baby received 0.5ml of 24% oral sucrose solution by syringe onto the tongue. The remainder of the total recommended dose was given as needed in small increments during the procedure. Assessment of pain done using PIPP. The post-procedural PIPP score was compared between KMC and oral sucrose groups.
Results: Analysis of 100 preterm neonates (50 KMC and 50 oral sucrose) were done. Baseline variables were mean±SD gestational age 34.25±1.42 weeks, age 7.15±4.9 days, birth weight 1.72±0.32 kg. Post procedural PIPP score was less in KMC 5.16±1.58 group compared to oral sucrose 5.48±1.81 group but could not achieve statistical significance p=0.35, 95% CI=−0.99,0.35.
Conclusions: KMC and oral sucrose are equally effective for pain management in premature neonates on heel prick but KMC is considered better compared to oral sucrose.
Fe3O4@SA MNCs Synthesis, Characterization, and First-time Use in Hydrogen Production by NaBH4 Hydrolysis
Authors: UMAZ Adil
Published: December 2023

Hydrogen is a clean energy carrier that will reduce dependence on fossil fuels and contribute to reducing the harmful effects on the environment resulting from using fossil fuels. Hydrogen is produced by the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH4), one of the chemical hydrides, using a catalyst. In this study, Fe3O4@Salicylic acid magnetic nano-catalyst (Fe3O4@SA MNCs) was synthesized using the co-precipitation technique. The structural, physical, and chemical properties of the produced Fe3O4@SA MNCs were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, VSM, SEM, and SEM-EDX methods. At room temperature, the effect on hydrogen production performance was examined in the amounts of Fe3O4@SA MNCs (10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg), NaOH (0, 10, 20, and 25 mg), and NaBH4 (25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg). The highest hydrogen generation rates (HGR) were obtained using 10 mg Fe3O4@SA MNCs, 150 mg NaBH4, and 0 mg NaOH at room temperature. The obtained HGR value was calculated as 400 mL gcat-1.min-1. Fe3O4@SA MNCs were used for hydrogen production for the first time in this study. This study showed that Fe3O4@SA MNCs exhibit catalytic properties and are a promising, efficient catalyst in hydrogen production from NaBH4.