bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE NECESSSITY OF IMPLEMENTING A NEW TIDE GAUGE SYSTEM OF THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST
Authors:   Mircea cel Batran Naval Academy, D ATODIRESEI
Published: September 2017

The analysis of the sea level record at the Black Sea, reveals a significant rising trend. In this study there are presented the changes of the Black Sea level, analysing the data from nine tide gauges locations. Also, there is proposed the introduction of a new system of tide gauges at the Romanian Black Sea coast. The five sites where the tide gauges will be placed are: Sulina, Sfantul Gheorghe, Gura Portitei, Constanta and Mangalia. The information will be stocked on a computer and transmitted via a network. The main purpose of this study is to determine the datum.
BREVES APONTAMENTOS SOBRE ESTADO SOCIAL E INTERVENÇÃO MEDIANTE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS.
Authors: Zagurski Adriana Timoteo dos Santos , KRUBNIKI JOÃO PEDRO RUPPERT
Published: September 2017

Em observância à hermenêutica do constitucionalismo moderno, o presente artigo tem por fulcro realizar apontamentos acerca da natureza do Estado Social e de sua legitimidade para intervir na economia mediante políticas públicas, particularmente através do Poder Judiciário. Face a existência de opiniões díspares na sociedade brasileira acerca do tema, especialmente no que diz respeito às repercussões econômicas da atividade interventiva, proceder-se-á à uma breve revisitação dos marcos teóricos que fundam a capacidade interventiva do Estado Social, as políticas públicas e sua relação com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Nesse particular, utilizando-se de pesquisa documental, o artigo analisa a atuação do Poder Judiciário no controle políticas públicas.
DIREITO, CONTROLE JUDICIAL E DEMOCRACIA: O DEBATE ENTRE AS TEORIAS DEMOCRÁTICAS DE JEREMY WALDRON E RONALD DWORKIN
Authors: VERBICARO Loiane Prado , Bezerra de Castro Pietra Galutty
Published: September 2017

O trabalho tem por escopo analisar dois modelos democráticos antagônicos apresentados pelo aparato conceitual das teorias de Jeremy Waldron e Ronald Dworkin. Por intermédio de pesquisa bibliográfica e teórica, o artigo analisa o debate sobre as distintas concepções teóricas acerca do poder dos juízes de realizar a revisão judicial da legislação, em um cenário no qual o Poder Judiciário assume uma visível liderança político-institucional. Partindo das análises de Ronald Dworkin e Jeremy Waldron, a pesquisa problematiza a relação entre direito, controle judicial e democracia, à luz dos modelos de democracia substancial e procedimental.    
A NECESSIDADE INTERPRETATIVA DOS PARADOXOS FUNDAMENTAIS DO DIREITO
Authors: Tonet Fernando
Published: September 2017

O presente artigo analisa os processos de fundamentação das decisões judiciais. Nessa intenção, avalia a conexão da matriz hermenêutica como possibilidade de busca de uma resposta correta aos processos paradoxais, em especial a análise do acórdão da 7ª Câmara Cível do TJRS, na Apelação nº 70005798004, onde foi discutida a partilha de bens e direitos sucessórios de um genro infiel. Ainda verificar se a decisão foi correta e se é possível uma resposta correta a partir de uma proposição hermenêutica. O método de abordagem será o hermenêutico filosófico, pois possibilita observar o fenômeno do constitucionalismo complexo na pós-modernidade, o que constitui a essência do pensamento constitucional pós-moderno, ensejando uma interpretação acerca da condição de resposta das teorias clássicas em relação à complexidade das sociedades contemporâneas.
INCONGRUÊNCIAS DO ARTIGO 45-A DA LEI Nº 8.212, DE 1991
Authors: MARTINS JUNIOR LÁZARO ALVES
Published: September 2017

A entrada em vigor do artigo 45-A da Lei nº 8.212, de 1991, com o texto imposto através da Lei Complementar nº 128, de 2008, cria no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro a indenização, sem existência de dano, por dívida que se existiu foi atingida pela decadência, nova idiossincrasia que busca arrecadar mais tributos através de normas injustas e com o mote falacioso de insolvência do sistema previdenciário que escamoteia a histórica inação dos administradores públicos sufragada pela leniência dos órgãos de fiscalização.
O CONFLITO ENTRE DIREITOS HUMANOS, CULTURA E RELIGIÃO SOB A PERSPECTIVA DO ESTUPRO CONTRA MULHERES NO BRASIL
Authors: Angelin Rosângela , Colet Gimenez Charlise Paula
Published: September 2017

<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">As práticas cotidianas e o Direito, a partir de seu posicionamento e da produção legislativa, denunciam o tratamento discriminatório dispensado à mulher, reproduzindo-se discursos de violência como exercício regular do direito como se percebe no tratamento da vítima mulher do crime de estupro. Desse modo, o presente artigo tem como escopo compreender quais são os aspectos culturais, religiosos e históricos envolvendo a naturalização da violência sobre os corpos das mulheres; a influência destes nas relações humanas e nas normas jurídicas atuais; e como romper com esse paradigma e garantir o gozo dos Direitos Humanos pelas mulheres. Para tanto, realiza-se um estudo hipotético-dedutivo com revisão bibliográfica. Observa-se, assim, a necessidade de superação da crise moral, cultural e social para permitir a efetivação dos direitos previstos na Constituição Federal de 1988, os quais expressam as promessas da modernidade. Deve-se, portanto, compreender que a violência sexual não é exclusivo da esfera privada e relativo à intimidade, mas é uma questão ético-política, o que requer o rompimento da cultura de dominação, exclusão e violação da mulher.
O SUJEITO SIMULADOR NA AVALIAÇÃO PSICOLÓGICA FORENSE
Authors: Gonçalves Francisco Valente , Pires António , Vila-Real Ângela
Published: September 2017

A simulação é um dos comportamentos mais esperados e observados durante uma avaliação psicológica em contexto forense. A perspetiva teórica dos profissionais condiciona o seu foco clínico e métodos a aplicar. Contudo uma visão rígida poderá condicionar uma recolha de maior qualidade sobre o sujeito avaliado. Procurou-se analisar a literatura referente a dois conceitos associados ao comportamento de simulação, o conceito de impostor, referido pela teoria psicanalítica, e o conceito malingering, fundamentado por uma perspetiva cognitivo-comportamental. Assim, realizou-se uma revisão dos pressupostos considerados numa avaliação psicológica em âmbito forense, da noção de inimputabilidade no sistema jurídico português e dos conceitos impostor e malingering. O objetivo é o de juntar esforços e promover a interação dos profissionais de psicologia forense, ainda que, com quadros teóricos de referência distintos. Será a articulação de mais saberes que proporcionará uma compreensão de maior qualidade sobre os fenómenos em que o sujeito simulador está circunscrito? As conclusões sugerem a necessidade de olhar e analisar o sujeito através de diferentes perspetivas a fim de melhor categorizar e compreender os traços de comportamento associados ao comportamento de simulação e ao funcionamento psíquico do sujeito simulador.

Palavras-chave: Avaliação psicológica forense, simulação, malingering.
VITORELLI, Edilson. Estatuto do Índio – Lei 6.001/1973. 3. ed. rev. ampl. atual. Salvador: Ed. Juspodivm, 2016, 394p.
Authors: Siqueira Julio Pinheiro Faro Homem de
Published: September 2017

Trata-se de resenha ao livro "Estatuto do Índio" de Edilson Vitorelli, publicado em 2016.
Management of Boundary Areas Based on Nyamabraya Values
Authors: Wesnawa I Gede Astra , Sudirta I Gede
Published: September 2017

This research was conducted in Bali Province for 3 (three) years, with the aim to produce a model of management of land border area based on the concept of nyamabraya. With the concept of local wisdom, conflicts in the border areas of provinces, districts, and villages in Bali can be avoided or minimized, resulting in the territorial stability and even the integrity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia remains sustainable. In particular, the objectives of the Year I research are: (1) to identify socio-cultural characteristics of the community in the management of the land border areas; (2) to identify and analyze local government policies in the management of terrestrial border areas; and (3) to analyze and synthesise aspects of the development of the management model Land border areas. To achieve these objectives, then conducted research by using research paradigm development of prototypical type studies combined with reflective analysis method. Research data collected by observation technique, documentation, interview, then analyzed qualitatively. The result of research: (1) socio-cultural characteristics of the community in the management of land border area, (2) local government policy in the management of land border area, and (3) aspects of development model of land border area management.
STUDI EKSPLORASI PERILAKU KONSUMSI ROKOK: PERSPEKTIF MOTIF, MEREK, IKLAN DAN HARGA-BIAYA ROKOK
Authors: Wijaya Tony , Nurhadi Nurhadi , Kuncoro Andreas Mahendro
Published: September 2017

Abstrak: Studi Eksplorasi Perilaku Konsumsi Rokok: Perspektif Motif, Merek, dan Iklan Rokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi motif dasar perilaku konsumsi rokok, pendapat terkait merek dan iklan rokok, serta mengidentifikasi biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk konsumsi rokok. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif. Informan yang menjadi sumber informasi dalam penelitian mahasiswa di UNY yang merokok. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa secara internal alasan yang mendasari responden merokok adalah coba-coba dan iseng sedangkan faktor eksternal yang mendorong responden merokok adalah diajak teman, kerabat atau melihat orangtua, ikutan karena lingkungan rokok dan terlihat lebih menarik atau istilahnya terlihat keren menurut versi mahasiswa. Merek menjadi salah satu pertimbangan pemilihan rokok yang terkait dengan iklan. Iklan yang didominasi dari produsen rokok membawa dorongan yang lebih kuat bagi responden untuk merokok dibandingkan iklan layanan masyarakat tentang bahaya rokok. Harga rokok menjadi pertimbangan utama bagi responden untuk mengkonsumsi rokok. Biaya yang dikeluarkan per bulan untuk konsumsi rokok responden tergolong cukup besar. Kata-kata kunci: Motif, Konsumsi Rokok, Merek, Iklan Abstract: Exploratory Study of Cigarette Consumption Behavior: Perspective of Motive, Brand and Cigarette Advertisement. This study aims to explore the primary motives of cigarette consumption behavior, opinions related to the cigarette brand and advertisement as well as to identify the expense spent to consume cigarette. This study applied qualitative research. The sources of information were the students of Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta who were smokers. The technique of data analysis used in this study was qualitative descriptive. This study found that the reason underlined the respondents smoking, internally, were attempts, while the external factors that drove the respondent smoking were friends and relatives invitation, seeing the parents, joining the smoking environment or neighborhood, and looking cool according to the students. Brand was one of the considerations in choosing the cigarette related to the advertisement. Advertisement dominated by the cigarette producer brought more encouragement to the respondents than public service advertisements about the danger of smoking. The selling price of cigarette was also the main consideration by the respondent to smoke. The monthly expense spent for smoking was considerably high. Keywords: motive, cigarette consumptions, brand, advertisement
Bachelard: a aprendizagem científica como ruptura
Authors: Barroso Marco Antonio , Santos Pinto Tarcísio Jorge
Published: September 2017

A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo relacionar a proposta epistemológica desenvolvida por Gaston Bachelard à sua ideia de progresso da ciência e de educação científica, fundamentando-se em uma leitura monográfica da obra do filósofo francês. Logo, o presente trabalho procura refletir sobre as contribuições da epistemologia bachelardiana à educação em geral e particularmente para o ensino de ciências em sua relação com a formação de professores. Em suas referências primárias o trabalho tem, como foco principal, a leitura do livro A formação do espírito científico, obra em que o pensador desenvolve sua visão crítica sobre o papel da educação científica para o desenvolvimento da ciência como um todo. Contudo, para uma melhor hermenêutica do texto, também serão utilizadas outras obras de Bachelard, como A filosofia do não e O novo espírito científico, entre outros textos que tangenciam o assunto ora abordado.
Movimento estudantil brasileiro: da formação às estratégias de luta na atualidade
Authors: Boutin Aldimara Catarina Brito Delabona , Flach Simone de Fátima
Published: September 2017

A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, o presente texto tem como objetivos centrais colaborar para o debate sobre as ações desenvolvidas por jovens estudantes no processo histórico-social brasileiro e relacionar suas lutas com atual conjuntura política nacional. Para tanto, traça uma linha histórica de forma a apresentar as primeiras atuações juvenis, a formação do movimento estudantil, suas ações e reivindicações, com foco naquelas voltadas à conquista, ampliação ou manutenção do direito à educação. A análise das ações dos jovens estudantes na realidade nacional indica que o movimento estudantil contribui para a formação de uma consciência coletiva e, consequentemente, para a transformação social.
Cursos online abertos e massivo no Brasil no contexto da internacionalização da educação superior
Authors: Martis Tânia Barbosa , Leite Marcelo da Silva , Pavany Miriam
Published: September 2017

O artigo analisa os Cursos Online Aberto e Massivo (Massive Open Online Course – MOOC), considerando suas finalidades e objetivos e as discussões a respeito da temática da internacionalização da educação superior. Os MOOCs surgiram recentemente no Canadá em 2008 atrelados aos princípios dos denominados Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REA) e das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs) como meio de difusão do conhecimento de modo aberto e gratuito. Os MOOCs estão sendo inseridos nas instituições de ensino superior brasileiras sob influência de certas experiências universitárias internacionais. A metodologia de pesquisa se fundamenta numa análise da revisão da literatura, de caráter exploratório, e de seu exame a partir dos estudos e das tendências à internacionalização da educação. Apesar das diferentes motivações econômicas e institucionais do processo de internacionalização da educação superior, os MOOCs surgem inicialmente como uma proposta de caráter mais estritamente cientifico e acadêmico, mas articulado organicamente à corrente prática de uma proposta estritamente econômica de internacionalização da educação.
Internacionalização: a quarta missão da Universidade
Authors: Pereira Pablo , Heinzle Marcia Regina Selpa
Published: September 2017

Fernando Seabra Santos e Naomar de Almeida Filho, no livro “A quarta missão da Universidade: internacionalização universitária na sociedade do conhecimento”, publicado em 2012, trazem à tona os alicerces de uma perspectiva otimista sobre o papel da internacionalização no protagonismo da Universidade na sociedade contemporânea do conhecimento. Organizado em seis capítulos, o próprio livro, coeditado pela Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra e Editora da Universidade de Brasília, é resultado de um processo de internacionalização universitária. Nesse sentido, os autores partem de três razões que justificam a crescente importância da internacionalização, enquanto missão da Universidade: massificação do acesso ao ensino superior; globalização da economia e da sociedade; processo de integração europeia. A partir desse contexto, as missões da universidade, os espaços – europeus e ibero-americanos – integrados de conhecimento, o contexto da educação superior no Brasil e os conceitos e as modalidades da internacionalização são abordados ao longo do livro.
Automatic Car Number Plate Recognition System for Authorization
Authors: Sandha Somalin , Rana Debaraj
Published: September 2017

In present day scenario the security and authentication is very much needed to make a safety world. Beside all security one vital issue is recognition of number plate from the car for Authorization. In the busy world everything cannot be monitor by a human, so automatic license plate recognition is one of the best application for authorization without involvement of human power. In the proposed method we have make the problem into three fold, firstly extraction of number plate region, secondly segmentation of character and finally Authorization through recognition and classification. For number plate extraction and segmentation we have used morphological based approaches where as for classification we have used Neural Network as classifier. The proposed method is working well in varieties of scenario and the performance level is quiet good.
TYPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE FRONTAL BONE SUPRAORBITAL MARGIN
Authors: Bakharev I. V.
Published: September 2017

The article presents data about the anatomical variability of the supraorbital edge of the frontal bone, obtained by skull craniometry of people using lepten facial index values. The evaluation of a number of indicators developed by the size of the orbit and the classification reflects the degree of curvature of the arc of the supraorbital region, based on the author's introduction curvature coefficient (CC). Three groups of skulls on the value of CC supraor-bital edge of the frontal bone: less than 30 a small curved arc; 30-45 with average and more than 45 with a large arc curved. Significant correlation of moderate intensity was found between the values of CC and the facial index.
HISTORY OF PHLEBOLOGY (Part I)
Authors: Nebylitsyn Y. S. , Nazaruk A. A.
Published: September 2017

The article is devoted to the history of the development of pathology of the venous system. It presents the most important ancient discoveries, which allow to understand the degree of development of science, the study of venous pathology at different stages of history in various ancient civilizations. It also provides a number of historical facts, including the history of development of surgery and medicine in general, in various civilizations of the ancient world, which were obtained in the study of ancient, ancient medical treatises and museum exhibits. Given is the illustration that in each ancient civilization ways of dealing with varicose veins were completely unique and different from methods used by people of other civilizations. Of course, with time, some views were rendered incorrect. In particular, for a long time the treatment of patients with venous pathology was limited to medical assistance for varicose and treatment of venous ulcers. However, the development of medicine has gradually extended the range of surgical interventions.
THE RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF BONE CYSTS AND BONE TUMORS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Solovyov A.. E , Laricheva O. V.
Published: September 2017

This article presents the results of observation (maximum period 5 years) of 249 children with bone cysts and bone tumors, of these, 20,1% of children were diagnosed with aneurysmal cysts, 74,3% - of benign tumors and 5,6% - of malignant tumors. It was shown that a differentiated approach in the treatment of children with bone cysts and benign bone tumors, including conservative events and radical surgical tactics with the use of bioimpendance «Tutoplast R» and allografts, allows to obtain good and satisfactory results in 64,0% of the cases. However, the results of treatment of children with osteosarcoma at the present time remain unsatisfactory: the 5-year relapse-free survival was only 6 of 14 cases, recurrence of the disease in 5 cases, fatal in 8 cases. According to the authors, to im prove the results of treatment in this group of patients, it is necessary to improve cancer alertness of general practitioners and the use of combined modern treatment programs at specialized medical institutions in all these patients.
TECHNOLOGICAL AND ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE WATER EXTRACTS FROM THE LEAVES OF LINGONBERRY
Authors: Selezenev N. G. , Nikolashkin A. N. , Dobina S. V.
Published: September 2017

In urological practice there is a sufficient demand for herbal medicinal preparations, of which the most widely used drugs are derived from arbutin-containing herbs. These medicines have diuretic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity.

Currently, in connection with the decrease in number of production departments and pharmacies, water extraction can be made by the consumer at home from powdered medicinal herbs in filter bags and from packaged shredded medicinal plant raw materials in batches according to the instructions on the package.

The object of the study was the aqueous extract obtained from the leaves of lingonberry.

The article presents the study of manufacturing technology of water extracts from lingonberry leaves with the establishment of quality indicators in them. Investigated water extract obtained from raw materials packaged in bundles according to the instructions on the package, filter packages according to the instructions on the packaging of packaged raw materials in batches according to the method of State Pharmacopea XIII. The following were analyzed in the obtained water extracts: description, authenticity, dry residue, pH, content of phenolglucoside - arbutin. The research results were processed statistically.

All of the studied aqueous extracts were transparent dark brown liquid that had a bitter, astringent taste characteristic of leaves of lingonberry. Dry residue in an aqueous extract, depending on the composition and technology was 0,65, 0,8% and of 1,93%. The content of arbutin was 0,43, 0,39 and 0,99%, pH of water extracts made from the crushed leaves of lingonberry, had close values of 5,03, 4,95 and, while in the extracts from powdered of lingonberry leaves in filter bags had pH value of 5,35, which may be attributed to the influence of the material of the filter bag. For the first time technologo-analytical study of the water extracts obtained at different technologies, established indicators of quality.
Sexismo ambivalente y estilos de manejo de conflictos en estudiantes de bachillerato / Ambivalent Sexism and Conflict Handling Styles in High School Students
Authors: Luna-Bernal Alejandro César Antonio
Published: September 2017

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre el sexismo (hostil y benevolente) y los estilos de manejo de conflictos (agresivo, cooperativo y pasivo) que los estudiantes de bachillerato reportan emplear al manejar sus conflictos con sus compañeros de aula hombres y mujeres. La muestra (N = 282) estuvo compuesta por estudiantes de bachillerato de las ciudades de Guadalajara y de Colima, México, con rango de edad de 14 a 19 años. Los participantes respondieron el Cuestionario Conflictalk y el Inventario de Sexismo Ambivalente para Adolescentes. Se llevó a cabo un análisis correlacional de Pearson entre las variables de estudio en la submuestra de hombres (n = 126) y otro en la submuestra de mujeres (n = 156). En los resultados se encontró que, en los conflictos de los hombres con las mujeres, los estilos cooperativo y pasivo correlacionaron positivamente con Sexismo Benevolente, y el estilo agresivo con Sexismo Hostil. Por otra parte, en los conflictos de las mujeres con sus compañeras mujeres, el estilo agresivo correlacionó positivamente con Sexismo Hostil. Estos hallazgos sugieren que, probablemente, los adolescentes varones que presentan mayores creencias y actitudes sexistas benevolentes tiendan a adoptar actitudes y comportamientos más complacientes, cooperativos y/o evitativos frente a sus compañeras mujeres cuando tienen conflictos con ellas. Por el contrario, los adolescentes varones que presentan mayores creencias y actitudes sexistas hostiles posiblemente tienden a adoptar un estilo agresivo en los conflictos con sus compañeras mujeres. Por su parte, en la submuestra de mujeres, los resultados sugieren que, probablemente, las adolescentes que presentan mayores creencias y actitudes sexistas hostiles tiendan a adoptar un estilo agresivo en los conflictos con sus compañeras mujeres. Se discuten estos resultados en el marco de la Teoría del Sexismo Ambivalente y de la literatura sobre gestión de conflictos en la adolescencia.
Three-dimensional assessment of curvature, torsion, and canal flare index of the humerus of skeletally mature nonchondrodystrophic dogs
Authors: Smith Emily J. , Marcellin-Little Denis J. , Harrysson Ola L. A. , Griffith Emily H.
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE To assess 3-D geometry of the humerus of dogs and determine whether the craniocaudal canal flare index (CFI) is associated with specific geometric features.

SAMPLE CT images (n = 40) and radiographs (38) for 2 groups of skeletally mature nonchondrodystrophic dogs.

PROCEDURES General dimensions (length, CFI, cortical thickness, and humeral head offset), curvature (shaft, humeral head, and glenoid cavity), version (humeral head and greater tubercle), and torsion were evaluated on CT images. Dogs were allocated into 3 groups on the basis of the craniocaudal CFI, and results were compared among these 3 groups. The CT measurements were compared with radiographic measurements obtained for another group of dogs.

RESULTS Mean ± SD humeral head version was −75.9 ± 9.6° (range, −100.7° to −59.4°). Mean mechanical lateral distal humeral angle, mechanical caudal proximal humeral angle, and mechanical cranial distal humeral angle were 89.5 ± 3.5°, 50.2 ± 4.5°, and 72.9 ± 7.8°, respectively, and did not differ from corresponding radiographic measurements. Mean humeral curvature was 20.4 ± 4.4° (range, 9.6° to 30.5°). Mean craniocaudal CFI was 1.74 ± 0.18 (range, 1.37 to 2.10). Dogs with a high craniocaudal CFI had thicker cranial and medial cortices than dogs with a low craniocaudal CFI. Increased body weight was associated with a lower craniocaudal CFI. Radiographic and CT measurements of craniocaudal CFI and curvature differed significantly.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE CT-based 3-D reconstructions allowed the assessment of shaft angulation, torsion, and CFI. Radiographic and CT measurements of shaft curvature and CFI may differ.
Dual-energy computed tomography of canine uroliths
Authors: Nykamp Stephanie G.
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE To determine whether dual-energy CT (DECT) could accurately differentiate the composition of common canine uroliths in a phantom model.

SAMPLE 30 canine uroliths with pure compositions.

PROCEDURES Each urolith was composed of ≥ 70% struvite (n = 10), urate (8), cystine (5), calcium oxalate (4), or brushite (3) as determined by standard laboratory methods performed at the Canadian Veterinary Urolith Centre. Uroliths were suspended in an agar phantom, and DECT was performed at low (80 kV) and high (140 kV) energies. The ability of low- and high-energy CT numbers, DECT number, and DECT ratio to distinguish uroliths on the basis of composition was assessed with multivariate ANOVA.

RESULTS No single DECT measure differentiated all urolith types. The DECT ratio differentiated urate uroliths from all other types of uroliths. The DECT and low-energy CT numbers were able to differentiate between 8 and 7 pairs of urolith types, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that DECT was unable to differentiate common types of canine uroliths in an in vitro model; therefore, it is unlikely to be clinically useful for determining urolith composition in vivo. Given that the primary reasons for determining urolith composition in vivo are to predict response to shock wave lithotripsy and develop a treatment plan, future research should focus on the correlation between DECT measurements and urolith fragility rather than urolith composition.
Pharmacokinetics and selected pharmacodynamics of trazodone following intravenous and oral administration to horses undergoing fitness training
Authors: Knych Heather K. , Mama Khursheed R. , Steffey Eugene P. , Stanley Scott D. , Kass Philip H.
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE To measure concentrations of trazodone and its major metabolite in plasma and urine after administration to healthy horses and concurrently assess selected physiologic and behavioral effects of the drug.

ANIMALS 11 Thoroughbred horses enrolled in a fitness training program.

PROCEDURES In a pilot investigation, 4 horses received trazodone IV (n = 2) or orally (2) to select a dose for the full study; 1 horse received a vehicle control treatment IV. For the full study, trazodone was initially administered IV (1.5 mg/kg) to 6 horses and subsequently given orally (4 mg/kg), with a 5-week washout period between treatments. Blood and urine samples were collected prior to drug administration and at multiple time points up to 48 hours afterward. Samples were analyzed for trazodone and metabolite concentrations, and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined; plasma drug concentrations following IV administration best fit a 3-compartment model. Behavioral and physiologic effects were assessed.

RESULTS After IV administration, total clearance of trazodone was 6.85 ± 2.80 mL/min/kg, volume of distribution at steady state was 1.06 ± 0.07 L/kg, and elimination half-life was 8.58 ± 1.88 hours. Terminal phase half-life was 7.11 ± 1.70 hours after oral administration. Horses had signs of aggression and excitation, tremors, and ataxia at the highest IV dose (2 mg/kg) in the pilot investigation. After IV drug administration in the full study (1.5 mg/kg), horses were ataxic and had tremors; sedation was evident after oral administration.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Administration of trazodone to horses elicited a wide range of effects. Additional study is warranted before clinical use of trazodone in horses can be recommended.
Pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of metformin hydrochloride in healthy mixed-breed dogs
Authors: Johnston Charlotte A. , Dickinson Valerie S. MacDonald , Alcorn Jane , Gaunt M. Casey
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE To investigate the pharmacokinetics of metformin hydrochloride in healthy dogs after IV and oral bolus administrations and determine the oral dose of metformin that yields serum concentrations equivalent to those thought to be effective in humans.

ANIMALS 7 healthy adult mixed-breed dogs.

PROCEDURES Each dog was given a single dose of metformin IV (mean ± SD dose, 24.77 ± 0.60 mg/kg) or PO (mean dose, 19.14 ± 2.78 mg/kg) with a 1-week washout period between treatments. For each treatment, blood samples were collected before and at intervals up to 72 hours after metformin administration. Seventy-two hours after the crossover study, each dog was administered metformin (mean dose, 13.57 ± 0.55 mg/kg), PO, twice daily for 7 days. Blood samples were taken before treatment initiation on day 0 and immediately before the morning drug administration on days 2, 4, 6, and 7. Serum metformin concentrations were determined by means of a validated flow injection analysis–tandem mass spectrometry method.

RESULTS After IV or oral administration to the 7 dogs, there was high interindividual variability in mean serum metformin concentrations over time. Mean ± SD half-life of metformin following IV administration was 20.4 ± 4.1 hours. The mean time to maximum serum concentration was 2.5 ± 0.4 hours. Mean systemic clearance and volume of distribution were 24.1 ± 7.8 mL/min/kg and 44.8 ± 23.5 L/kg, respectively. The mean oral bioavailability was 31%.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The study data indicated that the general disposition pattern and bioavailability of metformin in dogs are similar to those reported for cats and humans.
Comparison of insertion characteristics of tapered and cylindrical transfixation pins in third metacarpal bones of equine cadavers
Authors: Adams Mackenzie K. , Lescun Timothy B. , Mechem Alexis S. , Johnson Whitney R. , Griffin T. Hall , Main Russell P.
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE To compare heat generation and mechanical bone damage for tapered and cylindrical transfixation pins during drilling, tapping, and pin insertion in equine third metacarpal bones.

SAMPLE 16 pairs of cadaveric equine third metacarpal bones.

PROCEDURES For cylindrical pin insertion, a 6.2-mm hole was drilled and tapped with a cylindrical tap, and then a standard 6.3-mm pin was inserted. For tapered pin insertion, a 6.0-mm hole was drilled, reamed with a tapered reamer, and tapped with a tapered tap, and then a 6.3-mm tapered pin was inserted. Paired t tests and 1-way ANOVAs were used to compare heat generation (measured by use of thermocouples and thermography), macrodamage (assessed by use of stereomicroscopy), and microdamage (assessed by examination of basic fuchsin–stained histologic specimens) between cylindrical and tapered pins and between tapered pins inserted to various insertion torques.

RESULTS Tapered pin insertion generated less heat but resulted in more bone damage than did cylindrical pin insertion when pins were inserted to the same insertion torque. Insertion of tapered pins to increasing insertion torques up to 16 N•m resulted in increased heat generation and bone damage.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Tapered pin insertion resulted in lower heat production than did cylindrical pin insertion. However, tapered pin insertion resulted in greater bone damage, which likely was attributable to differences in the tapered and cylindrical taps. A tapered pin may be preferable to a cylindrical pin for insertion in equine cortical bone provided that improvements in tap design can reduce bone damage during insertion.
Dampak Masuknya Low-cost Carrier Terhadap Pergerakan Penumpang Internasional pada Bandar Udara Internasional di Asia
Authors: Purwandono Putut , Yoshida Yuichiro , Kawata Keisuke
Published: September 2017

Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah mempelajari dampak dari masuknya maskapai berbiaya murah (LCC) terhadap perubahan pergerakan penumpang internasional di 30 bandar udara internasional di wilayah Asia Timur dan Asia Tenggara. Hasil estimasi menggunakan model fixed-effect yang kami peroleh menunjukkan bukti kuat bahwa masuknya LCC menyebabkan naiknya jumlah penumpang internasional secara signifikan. Namun demikian, dampak ini akan menurun ketika jarak antara bandar udara asal dan tujuan semakin jauh dan maskapai non-LCC melayani rute yang sama. Penambahan jumlah LCC yang terus menerus akan memberikan tingkat kenaikan yang semakin menurun. Hasil studi kami mampu menyimpulkan dampak dari masuknya LCC pada rute internasional dan dapat menjelaskan pada kondisi apa masuknya LCC mampu menghasilkan dampak positif yang signifikan.

[Impact of Low-cost Carrier Entry on International Air Passenger Movements at International Airports in Asia] This paper primarily studies the impact of low-cost carrier (LCC) entry on the change of international passenger movement at 30 international airports in Northeast and Southeast Asia. Our fixed-effect estimation found enough evidence to claim that LCC entry at international route causes number of passenger to increase significantly. Nevertheless, the positive impact of LCC entry diminishes as distance between origin and final destination airport gets longer and full service carrier (FSC) service exists. Moreover, additional LCC companies brings about lower increase rate in number of international passengers. Our findings justify the positive impact of having LCC entry for international route and explain the condition under which LCC entry gives positive and significant result.
Evaluasi Kinerja Pelayanan Penumpang di Bandar Udara Sultan Thaha Jambi
Authors: Yarlina Lita
Published: September 2017

Bandar udara Sultan Thaha adalah bandar udara yang terletak di Kota Jambi dikelola oleh PT. Angkasa Pura II, tanggal 27 Desember 2015 Terminal Bandara Baru Bandara Sultan Thaha baru dioperasikan seluas 9.801 m2 dapat menampung 1,8 juta penumpang per tahun. Pergerakan Penumpang mengalami kenaikan sebesar 2,66%, pada tahun 2014 menjadi 1.316.379 penumpang. Oleh karena itu, pengelola bandara dapat meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan sesuai dengan standar pelayanan pengguna jasa bandar udara agar dapat memberikan kepuasan terhadap penumpang. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) . Hasil yang diperoleh terhadap 24 indikator kinerja pelayanan terhadap kepuasan penumpang sebesar 79,85, hal ini menunjukan bahwa Bandar udara Sultan Thaha Jambi sudah memberikan pelayanan yang memuaskan terhadap penumpang. Berdasarkan Standar pelayanan pengguna jasa bandar udara penilaian terhadap fasilitas proses keberangkatan dan kedatangan penumpang di bandar udara ini dengan nilai 90 yaitu A (istimewa), fasilitas yang memberikan kenyaman dengan nilai 85 yaitu B (baik sekali), dan fasilitas yang memberikan nilai tambah dengan nilai 50 yaitu B (baik sekali). Berdasarkan standar pelayanan nilai tambah Bandar udara Sultan Thaha Jambi belum memiliki ruang bermain anak dan fasilitas air minum, sebagai bahan pertimbangan untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan pengelola Bandar udara Sultan Thaha agar menyediakan kedua fasilitas tersebut agar standar pelayanan penguna jasa bandar udara terpenuhi.

[The Evaluation of Passenger Services Performance in Sultan Thaha Airport - Jambi] Sultan Thaha Airport which is located at Jambi is one of airports managed by PT Angkasa Pura II (Persero). At December 27, 2015, the new terminal of Sultan Thaha Airport officially operated with building area of 9,801 m2 and can accommodate up to 1.8 million passengers per year. In the year of 2014, the airport experienced the increase of passenger movement by 2.66% which made the total amount of 1,316,379 passengers. Therefore, the airport operator needs to improve the services quality in accordance with the standard of the airport user services in order to maintain the customer satisfaction. The analytical method that is used in this study is Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). The results assign the satisfaction score of 79.85 for 24 service performance indicators which means Sultan Thaha Airport provide satisfactory services for its users. In regard of the airport user services standard, the rank of those services indicators is as follows the departure and arrival facilities indicator receives the score of 90 which is equal to A (exceptional), facilities that provide comfort indicator receives the score of 85 which is equal to B (excellent), and facilities that provide added value indicator receives the score of 50 which is equal to B (excellent). However, Sultan Thaha Airport is still lack of kids playground and tap water facilities that can be proposed as consideration for the improvement of the airport service quality.
Faktor Penyebab Kelelahan dan Stres Kerja Terhadap Personel Air Traffic Controller (ATC) di Bandar Udara “X”
Authors: Susanti Susanti
Published: September 2017

Sebagai upaya dalam meningkatkan keselamatan penerbangan khususnya di bandar udara, maka perlu dilakukan kajian tentang fatigue dan Job Stress ATC yang memegang peranan penting dalam menjaga keselamatan khususnya penanganan terhadap pesawat. Maksud kajian adalah untuk mengevaluasi bagaimana peran kelelahan dan stres kerja ATC dapat diantisipasi untuk mencegah faktor human error. Tujuan kajian ini adalah memberikan bahan masukan kepada penyelenggara jasa angkutan udara dan instansi terkait untuk mencegah fatigue dan job stress dengan melakukan upaya-upaya yang maksimal. Hasil kajian ini mengindikasikan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi stres kerja, yang paling besar memberikan pengaruh adalah faktor beban kerja (workload) yang memberikan kontribusi sebesar 3.24, kemudian disusul oleh hubungan kerja (human relationship) sebesar 2.53, lingkungan kerja (working environment) sebesar 2.11 dan konfilk peran (role conflict) sebesar 2.12.

[Air Traffic Controllers Fatigue and Job Stress at X Airport ] In the effort to improve aviation safety, particularly at the airports, it is necessary to conduct the research concerning on the fatigue and job stress of the Air Traffic Controller (ATC) whom have an important role in maintaining aviation safety particularly in the aircrafts control and guidance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the fatigue and job stress of the ATC so that it can be anticipated to prevent the occurrence of any human errors. The aim of this study is to provide the recommendation for aviation service operator and other related stakeholders in order to reduce the fatigue and job stress. From the conclusion, it is indicated that several factors affect the fatigue and job stress in which the most important factors (in descending order) are the workload (score 3.24), human relationship (score 2.53), the working environment (score 2.11) and role conflict (score 2.12).
Penerapan Skema Badan Layanan Umum Dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Bandar Udara Internasional Jawa Barat
Authors: Zulaichah Zulaichah
Published: September 2017

Bandara Internasional Jawa barat (BIJB) merupakan salah satu bandar udara di provinsi Jawa Barat. Bandara ini dibangun dalam rangka mendorong pengembangan wilayah pembangunan Ciayumajakuning (Cirebon-Indramayu-Majalengka-Kuningan). Presiden Republik Indonesia menerbitkan kebijakan pengalihan pembangunan dan pengoperasian BIJB dari Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Jawa Barat ke Kementerian Perhubungan (pemerintah pusat). Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah skema Badan Layanan Umum (BLU) dapat diterapkan pada pengelolaan keuangan Bandar Udara Internasional Jawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengkajian adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Ditinjau dari persyaratan pengusulan BLU, BIJB telah memenuhi persyaratan substantif namun persyaratan teknis dan administratif belum terpenuhi. Jika persyaratan substantif dan teknis telah terpenuhi maka BIJB dapat diusulkan menjadi satuan kerja yang menerapkan PPK BLU bertahap. Aset BIJB masih terdiri dari 2 kepemilikan dimana lahan dan fasilitas sisi darat (terminal penumpang) merupakan aset milik Pemerintah Daerah Jawa Barat sedangkan fasilitas sisi udara (runway, apron, taxiway) merupakan aset milik Kementerian Perhubungan. Pengalihan kepemilikan aset dari Pemerintah Daerah Jawa Barat ke Kementerian Perhubungan harus diselesaikan sebelum BIJB diusulkan menjadi satuan kerja pemerintah yang menerapkan pengelolaan keuangan Badan Layanan Umum (PPK BLU)

[The Application of Badan Layanan Umum Scheme in The Financial Management of Jawa Barat International Airport] Jawa Barat International Airport (JBIA) is one of the airports in the West Java Province. This airport was built to boost the growth of Ciayumajakuning region (Cirebon, Indramayu, Majalengka and Kuningan). The President of Indonesia issued a policy that JBIA construction and operation transferred from the West Java Provincial Government to The Ministry of Transportation (as the Central Government). This research aims to determine whether the scheme of Badan Layanan Umum (BLU) can be applied in the financial management of JBIA. The method which is used in this research is qualitative descriptive analysis. Based on this research, JBIA has met the substantive requirement, but not yet in the technical and administrative requirements. If JBIA can fulfill the substantive and technical requirements, then JBIA can be proposed as government agency that applies BLU financial management gradually. JBIA assets are belong to two owners where the landside facilities (terminal building) are owned by the West Java Provincial Government while the airside facilities (runway, apron and taxiway) are owned by the Ministry Of Transportation. The transfer of the assets from the West Java Provincial Government to The Ministry of Transportation needs to be done before JBIA is proposed as government agency with BLU financial management.
A PIV-Guided Large-Eddy Simulation of In-Cylinder Flows
Authors: Nicollet Franck , Krüger Christian , Schorr Jürgen , Nicoud Edouard , Colin Olivier , Angelberger Christian , Bode Johannes , Böhm Benjamin
Published: September 2017

A combination of Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was utilized to investigate the three-dimensional in-cylinder flow within an optically accessible Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) engine at motored engine operation. The PIV measurements were used to guide the meshing procedure by identifying the regions were refinements and improvements were needed. From the iteratively optimized meshes LES results are shown from two selected meshes, an intermediate coarse mesh and the final optimized mesh, and compared to PIV measurements. The evolution of the intake flow and the tumble in the central tumble plane during compression are presented and discussed. Exploitation of the LES results allowed showing the influence of out-of-plane velocities along the cylinder liner impacting the formation of the tumble flow. The optimized mesh was then used to investigate the influence of the spark plug on the in-cylinder flow. For the studied engine the spark plug had a significant impact on the evolution of the tumble flow during compression. Finally 35 engine cycles were simulated using the optimized mesh with the spark plug in place. Velocity distributions in a region below the spark plug are shown and compared with PIV results. The two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test revealed a strong similarity between the velocity distributions obtained by PIV and LES, thus validating the potential of LES for investigating cycle-to-cycle variability.
ACESSO À JUSTIÇA E A DEFENSORIA PÚBLICA NA AMÉRICA LATINA: DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO DE DIREITOS COMO DESENVOLVIMENTO
Authors: Ribeiro Marcia Carla Pereira , Machado José Alberto Oliveira de Paula
Published: September 2017

Oartigo tem como objetivo apresentar um breve estudo de Direito Comparado sobre a dimensão do acesso à justiça assegurada pelos diferentes modelos de Defensoria Pública nos principais países da América Latina. Foi empregado o método dedutivo de abordagem com auxílio de uma pesquisa descritiva e bibliográfica na qual se comparou o alcance desses modelos de assistência jurídica. Ao final conclui-se que, em regra, as Defensorias Públicas nos países latinos ainda não exploram sua potencialidade como instrumento de desenvolvimento.
AS CONSEQUÊNCIAS NEGATIVAS DA CORRUPÇÃO NOS DIREITOS SOCIAIS FUNDAMENTAIS NO BRASIL: AS PESSOAS MAIS POBRES COMO AS PRINCIPAIS VÍTIMAS
Authors: Leal Rogério Gesta , Ritt Caroline Fockink
Published: September 2017

O presente artigo traz a definição do que é considerado corrupção, e a dificuldade de sua conceituação. Baseando-se em dados da Transparência Internacional, em 2016, nosso país está dentre os mais corruptos do mundo. A FIESP realizou uma pesquisa demonstrando os direitos sociais e fundamentais que o Brasil deixa de realizar devido à ocorrência da corrupção. Concluímos que são justamente as pessoas mais pobres as maiores vítimas, que acabam não tendo direitos sociais fundamentais atendidos.
CULTURAL RIGHTS OF REFUGEES IN BRAZIL: IN SEARCH OF AN EFFECTIVE PROTECTION
Authors: Pinto Amanda Luiza da Silva Oliveira , Bertotti Bárbara Marianna de Mendonça A. , Ferraz Miriam Olivia Knopik
Published: September 2017

Pretende-se verificar em que medida os direitos culturais dos refugiados no Brasil são respeitados. Assim, serão analisados: (i) o panorama geral de proteção dos refugiados, no que tange às normas de proteção, nacionais e internacionais; (ii) o direito à cultura como direito fundamental e humano, no Brasil e no mundo; e (iii) a integração cultural de migrantes refugiados, uma vez que o Brasil se tornou um país atrativo para os migrantes refugiados. O método utilizado será o lógico-dedutivo por meio de revisão bibliográfica.
DEMOCRACIA E DIREITOS HUMANOS: UM NOVO OLHAR SOBRE ESPAÇO RURAL BRASILEIRO.
Authors: Muniz Iranice Gonçalves
Published: September 2017

Os conflitos agrários, a luta pela democratização da terra e a luta pela preservação e cuidado com a biodiversidade também se realizam no espaço rural geralmente em disputa, com visões econômicas, sociais, culturais e ambientais diversas. Assim, o presente trabalho, conduzido sob a forma metodológica de pesquisa exploratória de natureza descritiva, tem como objetivo principal situar o discurso ambiental à experiências vividas, na prática, em espaços rurais destinados a reforma agrária, como também busca demonstrar a importância da regulamentação jurídica, por parte do poder público sobre o meio ambiente.