bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epistemological and methodical challenges in the research on embedded advertising formats: A constructivist interjection
Authors: Borchers Nils S. , Woelke Jens
Published: May 2020

Advertisers’ increasing use of embedded advertising formats makes it more difficult for consumers to identify persuasive intents in advertiser messages. However, only if consumers identify these intents and categorize messages as advertising, can they activate advertising-specific reception strategies which might result in lessened persuasion effects. The fact that consumers regularly miss persuasive intents in non-traditional advertising environments, we suggest in this article, carries epistemological and methodical implications. To better appreciate these implications, we argue for a more systematic adoption of a constructivist approach in advertising research. Some established concepts in advertising research such as the persuasion knowledge model and advertising literacy already implicitly follow a constructivist rationale. However, to more fully exploit the potential of a constructivist approach, we review communication concepts that inform advertising research, clarify why a constructivist approach increases the explanatory power of advertising research, and discuss challenges for research designs.
Data-driven campaigns in public sensemaking: Discursive positions, contextualization, and maneuvers in American, British, and German debates around computational politics
Authors: Pentzold Christian , Fölsche Lena
Published: May 2020

Our article examines how journalistic reports and online comments have made sense of computational politics. It treats the discourse around data-driven campaigns as its object of analysis and codifies four main perspectives that have structured the debates about the use of large data sets and data analytics in elections. We study American, British, and German sources on the 2016 United States presidential election, the 2017 United Kingdom general election, and the 2017 German federal election. There, groups of speakers maneuvered between enthusiastic, skeptical, agnostic, or admonitory stances and so cannot be clearly mapped onto these four discursive positions. Coming along with the inconsistent accounts, public sensemaking was marked by an atmosphere of speculation about the substance and effects of computational politics. We conclude that this equivocality helped journalists and commentators to sideline prior reporting on the issue in order to repeatedly rediscover the practices they had already covered.
On the arithmetic of abelian varieties
Authors: Saïdi Mohamed , Tamagawa Akio
Published: May 2020

We prove some new results on the arithmetic of abelian varieties over function fields of
one variable over finitely generated (infinite) fields. Among other things, we introduce certain
new natural objects “discrete Selmer groups” and “discrete Shafarevich–Tate groups”,
and prove that they are finitely generated

ℤ

{\mathbb{Z}}

-modules. Further, we prove that
in the isotrivial case, the discrete Shafarevich–Tate group vanishes and the discrete
Selmer group coincides with the Mordell–Weil group.
One of the key ingredients to prove these results is a new
specialisation theorem
for first Galois cohomology groups,
which generalises Néron’s specialisation theorem
for rational points of abelian varieties.
Proper Lie groupoids are real analytic
Authors: Martínez Torres David
Published: May 2020

We show that any proper Lie groupoid admits a compatible real analytic structure.
Our proof hinges on a Weyl unitary trick of sorts
for appropriate local holomorphic groupoids.
Queering the Ghosts of Typicality: The Disruptive Potential of Fabian Ludueña’s Philosophy
Authors: Trento Francisco
Published: May 2020

According to the philosopher Fabián Ludueña, before biopolitics, Rome and Greece put in motion the zoopolitics of an Anthropotechnical machine. The practice of expositio is the foundational zoopolitical human gesture. It consisted of leaving new-born children exposed at street markets to be sold as slaves, or in nature, left to survive (or die). The spectres of those body-minds still haunt our onto-epistemologies: by creatively fabulating with Ludueña’s work, I suggest looking back to the broken chains of the production of able bodies instead of perpetuating the reproductive futurity. Ludueña’s work investigates how and why the figure of the spectre gradually disappeared from the discursive milieu, and why it needs to be brought back into the spotlight. Its potential resides in its existence between binary categories like God and human, man and animal, male and female. It queers, defying epistemological boundaries, what it means to be dead or alive. Melanie Yergeau employs the term “neuroqueer” to talk about the non-neurotypical and queer subjectivities that are a continuum of indiscernibility and are violently dislodged into binary categories. In the conclusion, I argue for operationalising the concept of the spectre to help to short-circuit the able-neurotypical and heteronormative futurism, looking back to the ghosts of the exposed children.
On stabilization of an automaton model of migration processes
Authors: Vasiliev Denis I. , Gasanov Élyar É. , Kudryavtsev Valerii B.
Published: May 2020

A dynamic system of cities with migrants is considered. The wage function is each city depends on the number of migrants in the city. The system is modeled by an automaton whose state is the vector consisting of the numbers of migrants in the cities. The transition function of the automaton reflects the conditions for transfers of migrants between cities. The system stabilizes if the moves are stopped at some point. We find conditions for stabilization of such system depending on the restrictions on the wage function and the automaton transition function. It is shown that if the functions of wages are strictly decreasing, if their ranges are disjoint, and if the transition function is defined so that a migrant moves to another city if and only if its salary increases, then the system necessarily stabilizes and its final state depends only on the total number of migrants and does not depend on their initial distribution over the cities. However, if the transition function is changed so that a migrant moves also if its salary is preserved, but the total wages in all cities are increased, then a monotonous decrease in the wage functions is sufficient for stabilization of the system.
A situated cognition model for clinical reasoning performance assessment: a narrative review
Authors: Rencic Joseph , Schuwirth Lambert W.T. , Gruppen Larry D. , Durning Steven J.
Published: May 2020

Background

Clinical reasoning performance assessment is challenging because it is a complex, multi-dimensional construct. In addition, clinical reasoning performance can be impacted by contextual factors, leading to significant variation in performance. This phenomenon called context specificity has been described by social cognitive theories. Situated cognition theory, one of the social cognitive theories, posits that cognition emerges from the complex interplay of human beings with each other and the environment. It has been used as a valuable conceptual framework to explore context specificity in clinical reasoning and its assessment. We developed a conceptual model of clinical reasoning performance assessment based on situated cognition theory. In this paper, we use situated cognition theory and the conceptual model to explore how this lens alters the interpretation of articles or provides additional insights into the interactions between the assessee, patient, rater, environment, assessment method, and task.

Methods

We culled 17 articles from a systematic literature search of clinical reasoning performance assessment that explicitly or implicitly demonstrated a situated cognition perspective to provide an “enriched” sample with which to explore how contextual factors impact clinical reasoning performance assessment.

Results

We found evidence for dyadic, triadic, and quadratic interactions between different contextual factors, some of which led to dramatic changes in the assessment of clinical reasoning performance, even when knowledge requirements were not significantly different.

Conclusions

The analysis of the selected articles highlighted the value of a situated cognition perspective in understanding variations in clinical reasoning performance assessment. Prospective studies that evaluate the impact of modifying various contextual factors, while holding others constant, can provide deeper insights into the mechanisms by which context impacts clinical reasoning performance assessment.
Alltägliche Lebenswirklichkeit und ontologische Theorie
Authors: Kalckreuth Moritz von
Published: May 2020

The aim of this paper is to discuss the relation between our experience in everyday life and ontological reflection. While many accounts in contemporary ontology still defend the idea that the world consists only of material objects, some new views on everyday metaphysics or social ontology which try to articulate the specific properties of the objects used and found in ordinary life have been established during the last years. In the critical ontology of Nicolai Hartmann, the social and cultural dimension of our life is situated in the sphere of spiritual being [Geistiges Sein]. By investigating the methodical relation of phenomenology and critical ontology as well as specific entities (objective spirit, cultural objects), it is established that Hartmann offers a wide and methodologically reflected view which could be able to satisfy the practical significance of these entities.
Financial Stability as the Objective of the Banking Union
Authors: Bauerschmidt Jonathan
Published: May 2020

The European financial and sovereign debt crisis has fundamentally transformed the banking landscape in the European Union. In order to break the dependence between banks and sovereigns, the European legislator has created a Banking Union. The objective of these legislative measures is financial stability. How can this term be understood and what is the significance of financial stability for the Banking Union? This contribution aims to answer these questions
UK and EU Company Law after Brexit
Authors: Knapp Vanessa
Published: May 2020

This article looks at the effect of the United Kingdom withdrawal from the European Union (EU) (Brexit) on UK company law. In particular, it considers the general approach to EU-derived company law, the effect on takeovers, international accounting standards, accounting requirements, requirements for EEA companies with an establishment in the United Kingdom, cross-border mergers, Societas Europaea and European Economic Interest Groupings. It considers the areas of company law likely to be the focus of attention after the United Kingdom is no longer a member state, both in the United Kingdom and in the EU.
Actor-Network Theory Contract Theory
Authors: Viljanen Mika
Published: May 2020

Firms increasingly use complex hybrid governance structures to manage value generation networks. Empirical evidence demonstrates that the structures contain soft, “enforcement-challenged” contractual devices. Existing contract theories, however, fail to recognize and explain how these soft contract devices work as legal devices. The article seeks to address this failure.

The article uses a conceptual innovation by Schepker et al to construct an actor-network theory (ANT) inspired contract theory. Schepker et al argued that contracts are best understood as often concurrently serving safeguarding, coordination, and adaptation goals. The article argues that combined with ANT the functional contracting frame allows us to recognize that contracts work and gain efficacy in multiple ways. To understand how the soft, “enforcement-challenged” contract devices work, the article traces the efficacy mechanisms the devices perform and enact.

The tracings lead the article to propose an ANT contract theory that builds on three intertwined ideas: 1) contract devices have no core efficacy networks but multiple parallel efficacies, 2) contracts should be understood as bricolage collages of small-scale contractual point intervention devices that each deploy and rely on their own efficacy mechanisms and patterns, and 3) the force of contract resides in the socio-material assemblages contracts are capable of creating and sustaining.
Long time behavior of solutions to 3D generalized MHD equations
Authors: Zhao Xiaopeng
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we consider the long time behavior of solutions for 3D incompressible MHD equations with fractional Laplacian.
Firstly, in a periodic bounded domain, we prove the existence of a global attractor. The analysis reveals a relation between the Laplacian exponent and the regularity of the spaces of velocity and magnetic fields. Finally, in the whole space

ℝ
3

{\mathbb{R}^{3}}

, we establish the sharp algebraic decay rate of solutions to the generalized MHD system provided that the parameters satisfy

α
,
β

∈

(
0
,
2
]

{\alpha,\beta\in(0,2]}

.
Archimedean domains of skew generalized power series
Authors: Mazurek Ryszard
Published: May 2020

A skew generalized power series ring

R
⁢

[

[
S
,
ω
,
≤
]

]

{R[[S,\omega,\leq]]}

consists of all functions from a strictly ordered monoid

(
S
,
≤
)

{(S,\leq)}

to a ring R whose support is artinian and narrow, with pointwise addition, and with multiplication given by convolution twisted by an action ω of the monoid S on the ring R.
Special cases of this ring construction are skew polynomial rings, skew Laurent polynomial rings, skew power series rings, skew Laurent series rings, skew monoid rings, skew group rings, skew Mal’cev–Neumann series rings, the “unskewed” versions of all of these, and generalized power series rings.
In this paper, we characterize the skew generalized power series rings

R
⁢

[

[
S
,
ω
,
≤
]

]

{R[[S,\omega,\leq]]}

that are left (right) Archimedean domains in the case where the order

≤

{\leq}

is total, or

≤

{\leq}

is semisubtotal and the monoid S is commutative torsion-free cancellative, or

≤

{\leq}

is trivial and S is totally orderable.
We also answer four open questions posed by Moussavi, Padashnik and Paykan regarding the rings in the title.
On n-Hom-Leibniz algebras and cohomology
Authors: Makhlouf Abdenacer , Naolekar Anita
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this paper is to provide a cohomology of n-Hom-Leibniz algebras. Moreover, we study some higher operations on cohomology spaces and deformations.
Some remarks on Sierpiński–Zygmund functions in the strong sense
Authors: Kharazishvili Alexander
Published: May 2020

For certain families of topologies, the existence of a
common Sierpiński–Zygmund function (of a common Sierpiński–Zygmund
function in the strong sense) is established. In this connection, the notion of a Sierpiński–Zygmund space (of a Sierpiński–Zygmund space in the strong sense)
is introduced and examined. The behavior of such spaces under some standard
topological operations is considered.
Effects of different deoxidization methods on high-temperature physical properties of high-strength low-alloy steels
Authors: Zhang Ke-lin , Wu Kai-ming , Isayev Oleg , Hress Oleksandr , Yershov Serhii , Tsepelev Vladimir , Hu Cheng-yang
Published: May 2020

This study was aimed at examining the effects of different deoxidization methods on the physical properties of metallic melts by measuring the changes in the kinematic viscosity, electrical resistivity, surface tension, and density of the metallurgical melts during the heating and cooling processes. Our results indicate that high-temperature physical properties are consistently affected by specific elements and compounds.
The origins of modern cross-cultural European interpretations of Chinese philosophy. New thoughts on China in the work of G. W. Leibniz
Authors: Horyna Břetislav
Published: May 2020

Leibniz was not the one to discover China, as far as Western culture was concerned. His historical contribution lies in the fact he presented Europe and China as two distinct ways of contemplating the world, as fully comparable and resulting in types of societies at the same high institutional, economic, technological, political and moral level. In this sense he saw China as the “Europe of the Orient” and as such susceptible to investigation by the same tools of natural philosophy which Leibniz knew from the environs of European scholarship. He was the first representative of the classical school of European philosophy to knowingly reject Eurocentrism. Leibniz followed the intentions of learned missionaries in his understanding of the Christian mission as a cultural and civilisational task, a search for mutual agreement and connections, in favour of a reciprocal understanding.
China and Russia in the SCO: Consensus & divergence
Authors: Li Wang , Dongchen Zhou , Kolotova Anna
Published: May 2020

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization is the largest regional security and cooperation organization and has existed for nearly two decades. Since its inception China and Russia have acted as the driving force behind it, playing a leading role in its development. The main goals of the Big Two’s cooperation are to ensure the Eurasian corridor is developed, to promote collective security through regional cooperation organizations, including the United Nations, and to recast the world order on the basis of political dialogue, mutual respect, equality and international law. Nonetheless there are disagreements between China and Russia and among the member states. China is keen to tackle terrorism, extremism and separatism and pursue economic collaboration, while Russia is more ambitious about transforming the SCO into a strategic counterbalance to U.S. hegemony. Looking forward, people may wonder how China, a rising economic power and military force, will continue to share liabilities within the SCO, particularly with Russia but also the other member states. There is no definite answer to that question at the moment. All we can say is that the SCO has steadily evolved into one of the most multilateral and dynamic organizations. But if progress is to be sustained, reforms and systematic change are necessary.
Die „böhmische Zitadelle“ und der „Herr Europas“ Entstehung, Bedeutung und Instrumentalisierung eines gefälschten Bismarck-Zitats
Authors: Kraus Hans-Christof
Published: May 2020

Seit dem frühen 20. Jahrhundert kursiert ein angebliches Bismarck-Zitat, in dem Böhmen nicht nur als „europäische Zitadelle“ bezeichnet, sondern auch die Behauptung aufstellt wird: „Wer Böhmen beherrscht, ist der Herr Europas“. Heute kann eindeutig nachgewiesen werden, dass dieses Zitat eine Fälschung ist: Urheber war der nationalistische französische Journalist André Chéradame (1871–1948), der im Jahr 1901 aus politischen Motiven dieses angebliche Bismarck-Zitat erfunden hat (vermutlich anknüpfend an eine apokryphe Äußerung Bismarcks aus dem Jahr 1879 über die geopolitische Bedeutung Böhmens), um seinerzeit dem Deutschen Reich eine geheime Strategie zur Zerschlagung Österreich-Ungarns und zur anschließenden Annexion Böhmens zu unterstellen. Die seitdem immer wieder zitierte, vermeintlich authentische Äußerung des ersten deutschen Kanzlers hat – eben weil sie auf außerordentlich vielseitige Art politisch instrumentalisierbar war – in ihrer politisch-propagandistischen Rezeption bis zur unmittelbaren Gegenwart eine erstaunliche „Karriere“ absolviert, die hier ebenfalls erstmals in den Grundzügen nachgezeichnet wird.
Power quality (PQ) analysis in a power feeder that supply different social class consumers
Authors: Silva Bruno Almeida , Souza Daniela Coelho Rodrigues , Ramos Riller Marinho , Fortes Marcio Zamboti , Henriques Henrique de Oliveira
Published: May 2020

The aim of the present work is to evaluate the power quality (PQ) required in individual customers in low voltage (LV), along an electrical circuit of 13.8 kV, in a distribution network standardized in urban area and with diversity of energy consumption profiles. Energy, including comprehended parts of the region with downside against financial rates. The data is useful in this sales environment of a Brazilian distribution company. These data were developed by the data mediation systems for a communication interface that enable to identify and evaluate PQ disturbance. The results of the surveys is compared with limits reported in Module 8 of the National Electric Energy Distribution Procedures (PRODIST), according to Brazilian Regulation Agency (ANEEL), that is, the pre-definition of rules, standards, parameters, and procedures about the quality of electric power supplied and the quality of the service provided. The PRODIST Procedure has a major analysis focused in the voltage supplied. The data sensors are based on studies of Duration Relative of Predary Stress (DRP) and Duration Relative of Transgression for Critical Stress (DRC). In this paper the results are presented and the challenged to supply this area with diversity of consumer profiles is commented.
Generic instability in a frozen legal genre?
Authors: Hlioui Ameni
Published: May 2020

Though legal discourse has undergone several steps of metamorphosis to evolve from a law and language discourse that considers the subject of the law sacred to a language of the law discourse that views “language as social action and law as social discourse” (Goodrich 1987: 76), it is still believed that “legal language has to be the way it is” (Danet 1980: 541). This is relevant especially to those genres at the frozen written end of the legal discourse scale. However, the fact that legal texts “can be relatively precise, or quite general or vague, depending on the strategic objectives of the drafter” (Tiersma 2008: 7) can create blurs within the determinacy of such genres. In this context, the genre of Life Insurance Contracts which belongs to the written mode and frozen style end of the legal language continuum is studied to investigate to what extent we can talk about challenging generic stability in such a genre. The focus is put specifically on the frequency of use of personal pronouns in this genre that claims functional redundancy. The experiential meta-function of Systemic Functional Linguistics is also used to detect the participant roles assigned to these pronouns and to find out if the frequency of certain roles is generic. These frequencies that are computed using the UAM computational CorpusTool in a corpus made up of 16 contracts counting 174.288 words are studied in relation to the purposes of the legal genre of Life Insurance Contracts.
Gelungene Übergänge und ihre Herausforderungen – von der Vorbereitungs- in die Regelklasse
Authors: von Dewitz Nora , Bredthauer Stefanie
Published: May 2020

Zur Aufnahme neu zugewanderter Kinder und Jugendlicher an deutschen Schulen werden häufig sogenannte Vorbereitungsklassen eingerichtet. Beim durch diese Organisationsform bedingten Übergang in die Regelklasse handelt es sich um einen längeren Prozess, der im vorgestellten Projekt untersucht wird: Anhand von Experteninterviews mit Lehrkräften aus Vorbereitungsklassen in verschiedenen Bundesländern wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Vorstellungen Lehrkräfte von einem gelungenen Übergang haben, welche unterstützenden Maßnahmen sie umsetzen und welche besonderen Herausforderungen sie sehen.
Radius problems for univalent functions
Authors: Sokół Janusz , Trabka-Wiȩcław Katarzyna
Published: May 2020

This paper considers the following problem: for what
value r,

r
<
1

{r<1}

a function that is univalent in the unit
disk

|
z
|

<
1

{|z|<1}

and convex in the disk

|
z
|

<
r

{|z|<r}

becomes starlike
in

|
z
|

<
1

{|z|<1}

. The number r is called the radius of convexity
sufficient for starlikeness in the class of univalent functions.
Several related problems are also considered.
Stochastic modeling for VRS network-based GNSS RTK with residual interpolation uncertainty
Authors: Jongrujinan Thanate , Satirapod Chalermchon
Published: May 2020

The key concept of the virtual reference station (VRS) network-based technique is to use the observables of multiple reference stations to generate the network corrections in the form of a virtual reference station at a nearby user’s location. Regarding the expected positioning accuracy, the novice GNSS data processing strategies have been adopted in the server-side functional model for mitigating distance-dependent errors including atmospheric effects and orbital uncertainty in order to generate high-quality virtual reference stations. In addition, the realistic stochastic model also plays an important role to take account of the unmodelled error in the rover-side processing. The results of our previous study revealed that the minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE) stochastic model procedure can improve baseline component accuracy and integer ambiguity reliability, however, it requires adequate epoch length in a solution to calculate the elements of the variance-covariance matrix. As a result, it may not be suitable for urban environment where the satellite signal interruptions take place frequently, therefore, the ambiguity resolution needs to be resolved within the limited epochs. In order to address this limitation, this study proposed the stochastic model based on using the residual interpolation uncertainty (RIU) as the weighting schemes. This indicator reflects the quality of network corrections for any satellite pair at a specific rover position and can be calculated on the epoch-by-epoch basis. The comparison results with the standard stochastic model indicated that the RIU-weight model produced slightly better positioning accuracy but increased significant level of the ambiguity resolution successful rate.
Remembering the Dead and Reminding the Living: Blessing of the Corpse and Burial in Sixteenth-Century Sweden
Authors: Sundmark Stina Fallberg
Published: May 2020

The article shows how Swedish reformers – through the ordo for the blessing of the corpse and the funeral – introduced a new focus in relation to the medieval tradition: from the deceased to the living. The reformers rejected the medieval idea of purgatory and refused intercession and the celebration of Mass before funeral. Therefore, the relation between the living and the dead must have suffered and the living would no longer be reminded of those who departed to the same extent as before. Instead, according to the reformers, during the funeral service the living would be reminded of their own condition, their certain death and Christian hope. Sources from late sixteenth century which demonstrate prohibitions of certain customs emphasize that the Swedish Reformation did not mean a sudden break with earlier tradition and custom, but that it was a longue durée.
Alfonso de Castro on Vernacular Bible Translation and Christian Education
Authors: De Crom Dries
Published: May 2020

Alfonso de Castro (1495–1558) is known as a staunch opponent of vernacular Bible translation, who intervened on the matter at the Council of Trent. This article offers a fresh appreciation of Castro’s polemics against vernacular bibles, in light of a less well-known treatise in which Castro defends the right of the indigenous Spanish colonial population to be educated in the liberal arts and theology. It is argued that at the root of Castro’s misgivings about Bible translation is a concern for preserving traditional education as a necessary prerequisite for biblical interpretation.
The virtue of imperfection. Gjorgji Pulevski’s Macedonian–Albanian–Turkish dictionary (1875) as a window into historical multilingualism in the Ottoman Balkans
Authors: Sonnenhauser Barbara
Published: May 2020

Even though the Balkans constitute one of the most prominent examples of linguistic areas, little is known about the actual processes and mechanisms contributing to the shaping of this area. Most of the assumptions are based on macro-level analyses and describe the linguistic changes observed in terms of generalising tendencies such as increase in analytism or simplification of structures. In order to approach the processes underlying contact-driven change and area formation, however, the focus needs to be shifted to the micro-level, i. e. the individuals and their communicative practices. Among the rare sources allowing to assume this actor-centred perspective is Gjorgji Pulevski’s trilingual dictionary of Macedonian, Albanian and Turkish from 1875, which on the orthographic and morphological level allows for insight into a multilingual speaker’s perceptions the languages s/he is exposed to and makes use of in her/his every day communicative practice. The present paper discusses the structural parallels between Macedonian and Turkish observed in the dictionary. It illustrates in how far these parallels may contribute to our understanding of the specific kind of individual multilingualism that provided the basis for the morphosyntactic developments observed for the Balkan linguistic area, and may also help to shed light on the more general nature of these developments. It is suggested that these processes evince an increase in morphological transparency, i. e. morphem-to-function mapping, as the most salient and probably most effective outcome of largely imperfect multilingualism.
A novel diagnostic tool for the evaluation of hypothalamic-pituitary region and diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency: pons ratio
Authors: Demiral Meliha , Salih Karaca Mehmet , Unal Edip , Baysal Birsen , Taner Baran Rıza , Demirbilek Huseyin , Nuri Ozbek Mehmet
Published: May 2020

Backgrounds

Limitations in the evaluation of the pituitary size and changes according to pubertal status make its validity questionable. Recently, in a small-scale study, pons ratio (PR) has been suggested as a more sensitive tool for diagnosis and etiological evaluation of growth hormone deficiency (GHD). The aim of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of PR in the diagnosis of GHD.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated the pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 133 patients with a diagnosis of GHD. Primary axis (PA) was assigned as a line crossing the mid-sagittal dorsum sella and fourth ventricle. PR was defined as the pons height above the PA divided by total pons height. The PR of patients with GHD was compared to subjects without GHD.

Results

Study included 133 patients with GHD and 47 controls. In total, 121 (91%) patients had isolated GHD and 12 (9%) patients had multiple pituitary hormone deficiency. The PR of the patient group (mean: 0.32 ± 0.89; range: 0.14–0.63) was significantly higher than controls (mean: 0.26 ± 0.067; range 0.19–0.44) (p: 0.000). The optimal cut-off value of PR for GHD diagnosis was 0.27 (sensitivity 71% specificity 56%). There was a negative correlation between anterior pituitary height (APH)-SDS and PR (p: 0.002; r: −0.27). APH was increased, but PR remained unchanged in pubertal patients (p: 0.089).

Conclusions

PR measurement is a noninvasive, practical method with a cost-benefit clinical value. As it is not affected by pubertal status, PR is potentially a more sensitive tool for evaluation of pituitary gland in GHD patients compared to APH.
Evaluation of the relationship between the one-hour plasma glucose concentration and beta-cell functions and cardiometabolic parameters during oral glucose tolerance test in obese children and adolescents
Authors: Mengen Eda , Uçaktürk Seyit Ahmet
Published: May 2020

Background

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the 1-h plasma glucose (PG) level in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and conventional glycemic parameters, indices evaluating beta-cell functions, and cardiometabolic risk factors.

Methods

The records of 532 obese patients who were followed up in the Pediatric Endocrinology Polyclinic and who underwent standard OGTT were evaluated retrospectively. All patients were divided into two groups according to OGTT data as the 1-h plasma glucose concentration <155 mg/dL (n=329) and ≥155 mg/dL (n=203). Patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were divided into two groups according to the 1-h PG level, as 218 patients with NGT 1 h-low (<155 mg/dL) and 53 patients with high NGT 1 h-high (≥155 mg/dL).

Results

There was a statistically significant difference between the lipid profiles of individuals with NGT 1 h-low (<155 mg/dL) and individuals with NGT 1 h-high (≥155 mg/dL) (p<0.001). Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were higher, while HDL cholesterol levels were lower in individuals with NGT 1 h-high (≥155 mg/dL). The indices evaluating beta-cell functions were significantly higher in individuals with NGT 1 h-low (<155 mg/dL).

Conclusion

As a result, a plasma glucose concentration above or equal to 155 mg/dL at 1 h during an OGTT is associated with a worse clinical phenotype characterized by changes in insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. Therefore, this threshold value can predict the progression of prediabetes in obese young people with NGT.
Group B streptococcal transmission rates as determined by PCR
Authors: Cicalese Erin , Lamousé-Smith Esi , Randis Tara M. , Ratner Adam J.
Published: May 2020

Background

Group BStreptococcus(GBS) is a common cause of neonatal sepsis. GBS colonization of the newborn gastrointestinal tract (GIT) may be a critical precursor for late-onset infection. Assessment of the rate of neonatal GBS intestinal colonization has generally relied upon culture-based methods. We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture to determine the rate of GBS transmission to neonates. We hypothesized that PCR may enhance the detection of neonatal GBS colonization of the GIT, and that the rate will be higher when evaluated with PCR as compared to culture.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study, in which mothers who were positive for GBS on routine screening and their healthy infants were eligible for recruitment. Newborn stool was collected after 24 h of life and before hospital discharge, and stored at −80°C for culture and PCR targeting the GBS-specific surface immunogenic protein (sip) gene.

Results

A total of 94 mother-infant pairs were enrolled; of these pairs, stool was collected from 83 infants. Based on PCR, the overall GBS transmission rate was 3.6% (3/83). The transmission rate was 2.4% (1/41) among vaginal deliveries and 4.8% (2/42) among cesarean deliveries. The results of culture-based transmission detection were identical.

Conclusion

These results indicate that the rate of GBS transmission is low and that detection may not be enhanced by PCR methods.
Modeling time loss from sports-related injuries using random effects models: an illustration using soccer-related injury observations
Authors: Chandran Avinash , DiPietro Loretta , Young Heather , Elmi Angelo
Published: May 2020

In assessments of sports-related injury severity, time loss (TL) is measured as a count of days lost to injury and analyzed using ordinal cut points. This approach ignores various athlete and event-specific factors that determine the severity of an injury. We present a conceptual framework for modeling this outcome using univariate random effects count or survival regression. Using a sample of US collegiate soccer-related injury observations, we fit random effects Poisson and Weibull Regression models to perform “severity-adjusted” evaluations of TL, and use our models to make inferences regarding the recovery process. Injury site, injury mechanism and injury history emerged as the strongest predictors in our sample. In comparing random and fixed effects models, we noted that the incorporation of the random effect attenuated associations between most observed covariates and TL, and model fit statistics revealed that the random effects models (AICPoisson = 51875.20; AICWeibull-AFT = 51113.00) improved model fit over the fixed effects models (AICPoisson = 160695.20; AICWeibull-AFT = 53179.00). Our analyses serve as a useful starting point for modeling how TL may actually occur when a player is injured, and suggest that random effects or frailty based approaches can help isolate the effect of potential determinants of TL.
Extracting NFL tracking data from images to evaluate quarterbacks and pass defenses
Authors: Mallepalle Sarah , Yurko Ronald , Pelechrinis Konstantinos , Ventura Samuel L.
Published: May 2020

The NFL collects detailed tracking data capturing the location of all players and the ball during each play. Although the raw form of this data is not publicly available, the NFL releases a set of aggregated statistics via their Next Gen Stats (NGS) platform. They also provide charts showing the locations of pass attempts and outcomes for individual quarterbacks. Our work aims to partially close the gap between what data is available privately (to NFL teams) and publicly, and our contribution is two-fold. First, we introduce an image processing tool designed specifically for extracting the raw data from the NGS pass charts. We extract the pass outcome, coordinates, and other metadata. Second, we analyze the resulting dataset, examining the spatial tendencies and performances of individual quarterbacks and defenses. We use a generalized additive model for completion percentages by field location. We introduce a naive Bayes approach for estimating the 2-D completion percentage surfaces of individual teams and quarterbacks, and we provide a one-number summary, completion percentage above expectation (CPAE), for evaluating quarterbacks and team defenses. We find that our pass location data closely matches the NFL’s tracking data, and that our CPAE metric closely matches the NFL’s proprietary CPAE metric.
INAR(1) Processes with Inflated-parameter Generalized Power Series Innovations
Authors: Lívio Tito , Bourguignon Marcelo , Nascimento Fernando
Published: May 2020

In this paper, new models are studied by proposing the family of generalized power series distributions with inflated parameter (IGPSD) for the innovation process of the INAR(1) model. The main properties of the process were established, such as mean, variance, autocorrelation and transition probability. The methods of estimation by Yule–Walker and the conditional maximum likelihood were used to estimate the parameters of the models. Two particular cases of the INAR

(
1
)

$\left(1\right)$

model with IGPSD innovation were studied, named IPoINAR

(
1
)

$\left(1\right)$

and IGeoINAR

(
1
)

$\left(1\right)$

. Finally, in the real data example, a good performance of the proposed new models was observed.
Fixed point results for multivalued mappings of Ćirić type viaF-contractions on quasi metric spaces
Authors: Shatanawi Wasfi , Altun Ishak , Dağ Hacer
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we present some fixed point results for multivalued mappings with both closed values and proximinal values on leftK-complete quasi metric spaces. We also provide a nontrivial example to illustrate our results.
A weighted log-rank test for comparing two survival curves
Authors: Lee Seung-Hwan , Lee Eun-Joo
Published: May 2020

This paper proposes a weighted log-rank test that maintains sensitivity to realistic alternatives of two survival curves, such as crossing curves, in the presence of heavy censoring.
The new test incorporates a weight function that changes over the censoring level, increasing adaptivity and flexibility of the commonly used weighted log-rank tests.
The new statistic is asymptotically normal under the null hypothesis that there is no difference in survival between two groups.
The performances of the new test are evaluated via simulations under both proportional and non-proportional alternatives.
We illustrate the new method with a real-world application.
Interleukin-6 gene −572 G > C polymorphism and myocardial infarction risk
Authors: Ding He-guo , Yin Yan-wei , Liu Sun-lin
Published: May 2020

Introduction

The association between interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene −572 G^C polymorphism and myocardial infarction (MI) risk has not been established. We adopted this meta-analysis for further insight into the case–control studies.

Materials and methods

To investigate the genetic association, we searched multiple databases, including Web of Science, EMbase, CBM disc, PubMed and CNKI. Also, we manually identified the searched references. All the statistical analyses were conducted using Stata 11.0.

Results

A total of five studies were identified, involving 2,526 MI cases and 3,027 controls. The results revealed a significant association between IL-6 gene −572 G^C polymorphism and MI, implying that the IL-6 gene −572 C allele may be a protective factor for MI (for C allele vs K allele: OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.73–0.99, p = 0.041; for C/C vs G/G: OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.31–0.98, p = 0.044; for C/C vs G/C + G/G: OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.41–0.89, p = 0.011). However, in the subgroup analysis with regard to ethnicity, no significant correlation was identified between IL-6 gene −572 G^C polymorphism and MI among Europeans.

Conclusion

The IL-6 gene −572 C allele may be a protective factor for MI. Future studies involving larger sample bases are still recommended.
Triebel-Lizorkin capacity and hausdorff measure in metric spaces
Authors: Karak Nijjwal
Published: May 2020

We provide a upper bound for Triebel-Lizorkin capacity in metric settings in terms of Hausdorff measure. On the other hand, we also prove that the sets with zero capacity have generalized Hausdorff h-measure zero for a suitable gauge function h.
Some geometric properties of the non-Newtonian sequence spaces lp
(N)
Authors: Güngör Ni̇han
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we generalize the concepts of convexity, strict convexity and uniform convexity in the sense of non-Newtonian calculus. The main aim of this study is to obtain the non-Newtonian convexity, non-Newtonian strict convexity and non-Newtonian uniform convexity properties of the non-Newtonian sequence spaces lp
(N).
Weak homoclinic solutions of anisotropic discrete nonlinear system with variable exponent
Authors: Ibrango Idrissa , Sanou Rodrigue , Koné Blaise , Guiro Aboudramane
Published: May 2020

We prove the existence of weak solutions for an anisotropic homoclinic discrete nonlinear system. Suitable Hilbert spaces and norms are constructed. The proof of the main result is based on a minimization method. We also extend the problem by using generalized penality and source functions.
End-emitting nano organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with directional output
Authors: Huang Cuiying , Zhang Yiwei , Zhang Xinping
Published: May 2020

We report a new strategy for the design of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), where nanoscale OLEDs are fabricated into a large-area periodic array with their emission propagating along the active layer and being coupled out through the end facets. A large-area template dielectric grating is produced by interference lithography. The OLED devices are then produced on the side walls of the template grating lines, where each device is carried by the back of a grating line and has a width of <300 nm and a height of about 270 nm. The emission is coupled out of the device on the end facet window after a maximum propagation length of shorter than 300 nm through the active layer, reducing largely metallic absorption by the electrodes and overcoming the optical loss by waveguide confinement. Furthermore, such a configuration enables directional concentration of the output emission. The nanoscale OLEDs also imply large potentials for integration into optoelectronic systems.
Pumping-controlled multicolor modulation of upconversion emission for dual-mode dynamic anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Dai Xiaoru , Wang Ke , Lei Lei , Xu Shiqing , Cheng Yao , Wang Yuansheng
Published: May 2020

Lanthanide up-conversion features stepwise multi-photon processes, where the difference in photon number that is required for specific up-conversion process usually leads to significant variance in pumping-related processes/properties. In this work, a pumping-controlled dual-mode anti-counterfeiting strategy is conceived by taking advantage of the combination of up-conversion processes with different photon numbers. The combination of Er3+ and Tm3+, which are spatially separated within a designed core/triple-shell nano-architecture, is taken as an example to illustrate such idea. Upon infrared excitation, the emission color of a designed pattern can be switched from red to purple by increasing the excitation power density from 5 to 11 W/cm2, while a bright luminescent trajectory including red, white and blue-green color with different length is observed when rotating the pattern above 600 rpm. In addition, the relative up-conversion emission intensities of the Er3+ and Tm3+ ions can be manipulated through tailoring interfacial or inner defects in the core/triple-shell nano-crystals, which enable an ultrahigh sensitivity for the pumping-controlled emission color variation to be observed under excitation power well below 11 W/cm2.
Broadband graphene-on-silicon modulator with orthogonal hybrid plasmonic waveguides
Authors: Su Mingyang , Yang Bo , Liu Junmin , Ye Huapeng , Zhou Xinxing , Xiao Jiangnan , Li Ying , Chen Shuqing , Fan Dianyuan
Published: May 2020

Graphene, a two-dimensional nanomaterial, possess unique photoelectric properties that have potential application in designing optoelectronic devices. The tunable optical absorption is one of the most exciting properties that can be used to improve the performance of silicon modulators. However, the weak light–matter interaction caused by the size mismatch between the optical mode fields and graphene makes the graphene-on-silicon modulator (GOSM) has large footprint and high energy consumption, limiting the enhancement of modulation efficiency. Here, we propose a broadband GOSM with orthogonal hybrid plasmonic waveguides (HPWs) at near-infrared wavelengths. The orthogonal HPWs are designed to compress the interaction region of optical fields and enhance the light-graphene interaction. The results show that the GOSM has a modulation depth of 26.20 dB/μm, a footprint of 0.33 μm2, a 3 dB modulation bandwidth of 462.77 GHz, and energy consumption of 2.82 fJ/bit at 1.55 μm. Even working at a broad wavelength band ranging from 1.3 to 2 μm, the GOSM also has a modulation depth of over 8.58 dB/μm and energy consumption of below 4.97 fJ/bit. It is anticipated that with the excellent modulation performance, this GOSM may have great potential in broadband integrated modulators, on-chip optical communications and interconnects, etc.
The crystal structure of 1,3-bis(4-(methoxycarbonyl)benzyl)-2-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-3-ium bromide, C26H25BrN2O4
Authors: Cai Bin , Fu Chun-Yan , Guo Xin-Yu , Wang Ying
Published: May 2020

C26H25BrN2O4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.4202(5) Å, b = 9.7871(5) Å, c = 15.0135(9) Å, α = 106.775(3)°, β = 92.534(3)°, γ = 117.424(3)°, V = 1150.52(11) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0316, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0671, T = 150(2) K.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[aqua(μ6-piperazine-1,4-bisethanesulfonato-κ6
N:N′:O:O′:O′′:O′′′)(μ2-pyrazinyl-κ2
N:N′)disilver(I)sesquihydrate], C12H30Ag2N4O11S2
Authors: Jiang Jin-Ke , Li Xi-Xi , Wu Hua , Dong Xian-Wu , Jiang Hui
Published: May 2020

C12H30Ag2N4O11S2, monoclinic, I2/a (no. 15), a = 12.2643(8) Å, b = 7.1481(4) Å, c = 26.2858(16) Å, β = 93.119(6)°, V = 2301.0(2) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0186, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0462, T = 298(2) K.
Crystal structure of rac-trans-N,N′-bis(3-bromo-5-chlorosalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine, C20H18Br2Cl2N2O2
Authors: Jiang Fang , Xu Yan , Ma Xun , Li Jiayi , Wu Qiong
Published: May 2020

C20H18Br2Cl2N2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.6105(8) Å, b = 17.1664(9) Å, c = 11.9848(9) Å, β = 97.682(3)°, V = 2163.4(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0330, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0823, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of bis(2,3-diphenyltetrazolidine-5-thione-κ1
S)-(nitrato-κ1
O)-(nitrato-κ2
O,O′)lead(II), C26H20N10O6S2Pb
Authors: Li Zhuang-yu , Liu E , Liu Xiao-jing , Jian Fang-fang
Published: May 2020

C26H20N10O6S2Pb, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.3480(19) Å, b = 12.985(3) Å, c = 14.278(3) Å, α = 113.14(3)°, β = 92.05(3)°, γ = 102.75(3)°, V = 1539.8(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0336, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0874, T = 293.0 K.
Crystal structure of tetraaqua-bis(2-((3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl)oxy)acetato-κO)-nickel(II)—diaqua-bis(2-((3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl)oxy)acetato-nickel(II), C28H24Cl12N4Ni2O18
Authors: Du Zhong-Xiang , Li Jun-Xia
Published: May 2020

C28H24Cl12N4Ni2O18, monoclinic, I
2/a (no. 15), a = 37.8040(12) Å, b = 6.0860(2) Å, c = 19.3025(6) Å, β = 98.104(3)°, V = 4396.7(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0498, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1039, T = 291.8(2) K.