bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimular a inovação nas organizações
Authors: Correia Anacleto , Água Pedro B.
Published: December 2021

A inovação é fundamental para o crescimento das organizações, a melhoria dos processos e para a sustentabilidade organizacional. A falta de inovação organizacional pode ter efeitos nefastos de diversas formas, com oportunidades perdidas para tornar os processos mais eficientes. A inovação pode também reforçar a vantagem competitiva, permitindo a uma empresa dispor dum produto ou serviço de maior valor. O presente trabalho aborda a organização de forma holística e como entidade política, considerando as diversas áreas de governo organizacional. O trabalho fornece um quadro de referência do tema ‘organização para a inovação’, que pode ser adaptado para acomodar realidades específicas.
Creative industries in the Arctic: a review of Russian scientific literature
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasil'nikov Artur S.
Published: December 2021

The article reviews the points of view of Russian researchers on the development of creative industries in the Arctic. The main issues that are considered by domestic authors in the works on the development of creative industries in the Russian Arctic are identified, the opinions of the authors on the potential and problems of the development of the Arctic creative industries in the Russian Federation are analyzed. It is concluded that the works of Russian researchers mainly consider such issues as the essence of the concept of "creative industries", the relevance of the development of Arctic entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation, the prospects for the development of creative industries in the Arctic regions of Russia, the level of development of creative industries as a measure of economic development, potential of creative practice in the Arctic region, issues of forming an active creative class, the attractiveness of the Arctic region for the development of creative industries and key problems of the development of creative industries in the Russian Arctic. According to most authors, the main task of the creative industries in the Russian Arctic is to ensure the dynamic development of small businesses in this macroregion. The potential of creative practice in the Arctic region, from the point of view of domestic authors, lies in the development of tourism and social innovation, as well as in the preservation and reproduction of the national culture of the indigenous peoples of the North and the Arctic. The formation of an active creative class in the region is difficult due to the impact of such factors as the mono-sectoral nature of local economies, a high concentration of capital in the field of environmen.
Structural changes in the economy of the Northern zone in the modern period
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vasiliev Vladimir V.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the work was to study and evaluate structural changes in the economy of the regions of the North at the present stage of their development (in the period from 2015 to 2019). On the basis of the methodology previously developed by the author for assessing structural shifts, twenty types of economic activity were grouped into two large spheres: production and non-production (services), each consisting of four combined industries. For these economic spheres and industries, an assessment of sectoral and then territorial structural shifts in the period 2015–2019 was carried out. It was found that in the structure of the economy of the regions of the North during this period, the vector of development changed towards an increase in the share of the production sector and a decrease in the non-production sector by 4,4 %, whereas in the previous period 2005–2015, the opposite picture was observed. The high rates of development of the production sector in all regions of the North were revealed, while it grew most rapidly in the West Siberian region due to the extensive development of new gas fields and the construction of new largest LNG complex in the North on the Yamal Peninsula. As a result, the share of GRP in the Northern zone increased in the country from 13,2 % in 2015 to 14,5 % in 2019, and the pace of development was outstripping: 144,6 % versus 129,2 % in the Russian Federation. It is noted that the pace and volume of both sectoral and territorial structural shifts in the production sector in almost all regions of the North zone are almost entirely related to both the scale of investments directed to the development of their economy and the current situation for their resources in the world commodity markets.
Regional-industry analysis from the point of view of ideas of a joint economy (using the example of industry in the Northern regions of Russia)
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Economic and Energy Problems of the North, Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Styrov Maksim M.
Published: December 2021

The article analyses the industry in the northern regions of Russia from the point of view of assessing the practical results of the traditional theory of competition. The purpose of the study is to develop the theoretical and methodological foundations of the transformation of economics from the ideas of rivalry to unity and harmony in social relations. The relevance of the topic is determined by an active public discussion about the possibilities of Russia's transition from a market-capitalist to a social, human-oriented economy. It is shown that the main existing model is aimed either at the individual benefit of organizations, or at the attractiveness of industries for corporate or state interests, but not at the needs of the common person. The idea of the increasing attention to “people of labor” by bringing all the analyzed indicators to a single denominator — one employed — is defended. The following empirical research methods were used: observation, comparison and visualization. On the example of industry of the northern regions of Russia, ultra-hight intersectoral and interregional imbalances were revealed, arising, according to the author, due to the lopsided orientation of enterprises to maximize profits and the export and resource structure of the economy. The ratio of value added elements by region is demonstrated, the classification of territories is carried out depending on the combination of these components. The low-suitability of the classical understanding of competition to solve issues of capital overflow and equalization of profitability is indicated. The thesis is put forward about the possibility of overcoming the existing problems by the internal spiritual and moral transformation of managers and workers themselves, the transition from competition to cooperation. The prospects of the study are associated with the expansion of the toolkit due to social indicators, as well as in the study of the micro-level — municipalities, sub-sectors, and the primary reporting of organizations.
“Public catering in service to the industrial financial plan of the “Apatit” trust”: from the history of the establishment and development of a new branch of the socialist economy in 1930–1935
Authors:   Barents Centre of the Humanities of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shabalina Olga V. , Kazakova Ksenia K. ,   Barents Centre of the Humanities of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

The article retrospectively highlights the main stages of the establishment and development of public catering as a subsystem of food distribution in the area of apatite mining of the Apatit trust in 1930–1935 in the context of the socio-economic modernization processes of the first five-year plans, which led to the rapid urbanization of the population in the new industrial regions of the USSR. Despite the presence of a wide range of foreign and domestic studies of the history of Russian society during the period of its transition from the traditional agrarian to the industrial type of development, including everyday life and the organization of supply of the urban population, which are based on the methodology of social and economic history, anthropology, the scientific literature lacks information on the history of providing food on the regional level to the urbanized population of the new industrial centers of the USSR, in particular through public catering enterprises. This indicates the relevance of studying the history of the formation of a new branch of the Soviet economy in the Khibiny. Within the framework of the humanitarian and systemic approaches, the methodology of the case study is based on general scientific methods of scientific cognition, archival, source study, problem-chronological, comparative, historical-genetic (retrospective) methods. The empirical material for the study was archival documents from the end of 1929–1935 deposited in the collections of the Kirovsk branch of the State Archive of the Murmansk Region and in the Main Collection of the Museum-Archive of the History of Study and Development of the European North of the BCH of the KSC of the RAS, including published prescriptive documents of state power and political administrating authorities in the USSR in 1930–1935, materials of the periodical press of Khibinogorsk (since December 1934 — Kirovsk) in 1930–1935.
Life expectancy of population of the northern regions in the Russian Federation: Tendencies and potential for growth
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Economic and Energy Problems of the North, Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Popova Larisa A.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the tendencies in life expectancy of population of the northern regions of Russia in the context of growth and regional convergence indicator in the early 2000s and possibilities for its further growth. The sources of information are the official Rosstat data. Life expectancy in the North has been found to be largely subordinate to the Russian-wide patterns of the regional convergence: the compaction of the northern constituent entities to the national average level occurred at both the top and bottom levels. Both the Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Districts experienced a significant decline, as did the gap in most regions with life expectancy below that of the Russian Federation. Only Kamchatka Krai and Magadan Oblast increased the lag, while maintaining group affiliation in the regional grouping in terms of life expectancy. The potential for the further growth in life expectancy in the North is being determined by the insufficient reduction in mortality caused by the circulatory system diseases and increase in the neoplasm mortality within the period of 2003–2019, and environmental and behavioral risk factors reflected in the differences in life expectancy in different settlements, its gender differentiation and the high level of mortality from external causes. The large difference in life expectancy between urban and rural areas makes the large potential in the northern regions except Murmansk Oblast and partly the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). Almost all northern constituent entities have a significant potential posed by the male under-representation indicator. Despite a significant rate of decline, external causes of death and their share in cause-related mortality are widespread in the North. With the exception of the Chukotka Autonomous District, within recent years, infant mortality rate in the North has been fairly good — it can no longer be considered as a potential for the life expectancy growth of population.
Eksistensi Televisi Swasta di Era Konvergensi Media
Authors: Audinovic Vizcardine
Published: December 2021

Kehadiran new media memang mengancam keberadaan televisi sebagai sarana hiburan dan sumber informasi masyarakat ditambah adanya wabah pandemi. Kecepatan dan teknologi berbeda yang ditawarkan new media membuat masyarakat mulai beralih mengonsumsi new media seperti youtube dan media sosial. Maka dari itu televisi harus berupaya menyesuaikan perkembangan teknologi yang ada agar tidak ditinggal oleh penontonnya. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi televisi dalam menghadapi era konvergensi media. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review dari beberapa artikel dengan cara merangkum berbagai hasil penelitian yang relevan. Hasil dari tulisan ini adalah televisi masih ditonton oleh banyak masyarakat hanya saja pola menontonnya saja yang berubah, tidak lagi bersifat komunal melainkan lebih individu melalui smartphone sehingga yang tampak adalah rating televisi menurun. Maka dari itu televisi menggunakan sejumlah cara agar mampu bersaing dengan new media antara lain, melakukan merger dengan perusahaan media lain, menggunakan media sosial, dan melakukan monetisasi konten yang disambungkan ke platform lain. Dari sini dapat diketahui bahwa televisi tidak akan ditinggalkan oleh penontonnya selama mampu menampilkan konten yang update dan tersebar di berbagai platform sehingga bisa ditonton kapan saja dan dimana saja.  Di samping itu televisi memiliki keunggulan adanya regulasi dari pemerintah sehingga tayangan di televisi lebih terkontrol daripada new media.
NHS International Hospital Branding Image Strategy Through Integrated Marketing Communication
Authors: Sasadhara Sasmita Niken , Isnaini Santi , Wahyudi Irfan
Published: December 2021

This article results from research on the brand image strategy carried out by the National Hospital Surabaya (NHS) through integrated marketing communications. This study is on health services bases in the community currently entering the industrial and business era. The main problem arises in-hospital services, which have developed into an industry and are profit-oriented. This problem puts pressure on hospital managers and owners, especially on the cost dimension in private hospitals. Private hospitals must continue to improve management capabilities in carrying out hospital operations with good quality standards to the best compared to other hospitals. The research uses a case study research method with a qualitative approach. Data collection and analysis techniques use observation and in-depth interviews so that they can be analyzed exploratively. The results of this study are the first are there are many reasons why the marketing department of NHS adopts Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) in their sales strategy. It also happens in the healthcare industry, namely hospitals. One of the reasons that become the basis is that marketers understand and recognize strategies integrating into various communication functions rather than running these communication functions alone. Second,  marketing communication theory becomes the rationale for processing data and analyzing the phenomenon of problems regarding strategic concepts in policy determination to the direction of marketing communication strategies carried out by NHS hospitals. This research concludes that the main problem arises in hospital services, which have developed into an industry and are profit-oriented.  Strategic management skills will become more critical as pressure increases to find future revenue and growth opportunities. These opportunities will come through various combinations of new healthcare products and services, increasing penetration into high-priority market segments, or accessing new markets that are not serving currently.
New Surgical Technique to Induce Reversible Liver Fibrosis by Surgical Closure of Major Duodenal Orifice in Dogs
Authors: Khalil Marwan , Ali Ahmed
Published: December 2021

This study was conducted to induce and evaluate reversible liver fibrosis in dogs by surgical closure of the major duodenal orifice. The study was performed on six healthy local adult dogs. Reversible liver fibrosis was surgically induced in all animals by surgical closure of major duodenal papilla using absorbable suture material for 60 days. Induced liver fibrosis was assessed by clinical, ultrasonographical examination, laboratory and histological methods. The clinical manifestation of the jaundiced dogs showed reduced food intake, pale-yellowish mucus membrane, inflammatory signs of the wound site and severe postoperative pain. Biochemically, there was significantly increased values of the aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, indirect bilirubin, direct bilirubin and total bilirubin especially during the first two days after surgery followed by a gradual decrease of these values until the end of the but still higher than normal values. Ultrasonographic examinations showed abnormal changes in the liver tissue such as an increase in both size and wall thickness of the gall bladder and mottled heterogeneous appearance of the liver during the first two weeks following the surgical induction of the hepatic fibrosis. Histological evaluation of liver samples revealed showed necrosis of hepatocytes and deposition of eosinophilic material, infiltration of inflammatory cells, recent thrombus in the hepatic vein, fatty change. Slight clinical, biochemical, ultrasonographic improvement was observed at 30th post-operative day. In conclusion, surgical induction of reversible liver fibrosis in dogs was an easy technique by surgical closure of major duodenal papilla and the results were confirmed by the clinical, ultrasonographical, laboratory and histological examination.
Effect of Some Months on Follicles and Oocytes Recovered from Iraqi Ewes
Authors: Munther A. , Mohammed T. , Majeed A.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the current study was to know the effect of season on the numbers of follicles and Oocytes recovered during Several months. 304 genital systems of Ewes were collected from Al-Fallujah abattoir/ Al-Fallujah, Al-Anbar province, during the period from 3, January 2021 to 1, July 2021. The samples were transported with Cool Box contained normal saline to the Reproductive Biotechnology Lab/Dept. of Surgery and Obstetrics / College of Vet. Medicine, University of Fallujah. The results showed that the total numbers of Oocytes with Cumulus cells recovered were 1037 oocytes. The results also showed a significant difference (P≤ 0.01) in the numbers of follicles between the right and the left ovaries. The numbers of follicles present at right ovaries were 776 in a percentage of (56.73%) from the total numbers where it was 592 follicles at the left ovaries in a percent of (43.27%) from the total numbers. It has been observed superiority of right ovary on the left ovary in the numbers of oocytes recovered, where it was 603 oocytes (58.15 %) from the right ovary and 434 oocytes (41.85 %) from the Left ovary. Also, the results showed a high Significant difference (P≤ 0.01) in the size of large and small follicles numbers. when the small follicles have large numbers. It has been also concluded from this study that there was a significant difference (P≤ 0.01) in the numbers of follicles and oocytes between the months of March and April as compared with other months.
De sociale productie van wetenschap – een intiem zelfportret
Authors: Arnaut Karel
Published: December 2021

Boekbespreking van Jan Blommaert (2020), Wat was er echt belangrijk in mijn academisch leven?
Calidad física, sensorial y composición química del café cultivado en el Oriente del departamento de Caldas
Authors: Pabón Jenny , Osorio Valentina , Imbachi Luis Carlos
Published: December 2021

El Oriente de Caldas está conformado por los municipios de Manzanares, Marquetalia, Marulanda, Pensilvania, Samaná y Victoria, que en conjunto representan el 22% del área cafetera del departamento. Con el fin de evaluar la calidad del café en esta zona, se tomaron 310 muestras de café de 65 fincas cafeteras. Las fincas seleccionadas tenían un área promedio de café de 2,02 ha, y altitudes superiores a los 1.800 m, en el 39% de los casos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la calidad física, sensorial SCA (Specialty Coffee Association) y química del café, determinando el contenido de cafeína, trigonelina, lípidos y sacarosa, mediante la tecnología NIRS. El valor de almendra sana en promedio fue de 76,92%. El 75,16% de las muestras no presentaron defectos sensoriales. Los defectos que se presentaron fueron: fermento (8,06%), inmaduro (7,74%), terroso (5,81%) y reposo (2,58%). Los valores de puntaje total en las muestras sin defecto estuvieron entre 80,69 y 82,07 puntos que, según la escala de la SCA, los clasifica como muy bueno. Las muestras de café del municipio de Victoria mostraron el contenido más bajo de cafeína (1,11%), mientras que el café de Marquetalia presentó el contenido más alto de sacarosa (6,90%). El análisis de componentes principales con todas las variables evaluadas clasificó tres grupos de municipios según la calidad del café. El grupo 1 conformado por Marulanda, Pensilvania, Samaná y Marquetalia, el grupo 2 por Victoria y el grupo 3 conformado por el municipio de Manzanares.
Cría en el laboratorio de Puto barberi Cockerell, 1895 (Hemiptera: Putoidae) sobre tubérculos de Solanum phureja
Authors: Giraldo-Jaramillo Marisol
Published: December 2021

Las cochinillas son consideradas plagas de importancia en diferentes cultivos alrededor del mundo. En Colombia, hay varias especies asociadas a las raíces del cultivo del café, que pueden ser limitantes en plantaciones menores de 24 meses, siendo necesario desarrollar investigaciones para generar estrategias de manejo. Se requiere desarrollar métodos de cría en el laboratorio que permitan suministrar una cantidad suficiente de insectos para los estudios. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el uso de tubérculos germinados de papa criolla como hospedante para P. barberi, determinando el ciclo de vida y la tabla de vida de fertilidad en el laboratorio (21,0±2,0°C, 65%±10% HR y 0:24 (L:D)). Se instalaron 50 ninfas sobre 50 tubérculos germinados de papa criolla (unidades experimentales), para determinar la duración y sobrevivencia de cada estado biológico, contabilizar número de ninfas/hembra y estimar los parámetros de tabla de vida de fertilidad. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de la duración de cada estado, se construyó la curva de sobrevivencia y se estimaron los parámetros de la tabla de vida de fertilidad. La duración del ciclo de vida fue de 82,9±0,6 días y sobrevivencia del 74%. La duración de la fase adulta fue de 53,1±0,4 días y la duración promedio de ninfas/hembra fue de 63,6±6 días; con una tasa reproductiva neta de R0=47,5 (32,1–62,9) y tiempo generacional T=81,9 (77,9–85,6) días. Se concluye que el uso de tubérculos de papa criolla como hospedantes es una buena alternativa para el establecimiento de una colonia de P. barberi en el laboratorio, con fines experimentales.
Validación de curvas de calibración por NIRS para la predicción de compuestos químicos de café almendra
Authors: Gómez Claudia Rocío , Ortiz Aristófeles , Gallego Claudia , Echeverri Luz Fanny
Published: December 2021

La técnica de espectroscopia de infrarrojo cercano-NIRS se ha consolidado como una técnica analítica secundaria confiable, objetiva, reproducible, verificable, económica y de bajo impacto ambiental. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo realizar la validación de la ecuación desarrollada a partir de la técnica NIRS para café verde almendra, que predice actualmente 13 compuestos químicos (cafeína, trigonelina, ácidos clorogénicos totales, lípidos totales, ácidos grasos (palmítico, esteárico, oleico, linoleico, linolénico y araquídico), isómeros (3-CQA, 4-CQA y 5-CQA) y sacarosa. La validación se realizó con 70 muestras de café verde arábigo (Coffea arabica L.), variedades Castillo®, Cenicafé 1 y Tabi, producidas en los departamentos de Cauca, Cesar y Caldas, analizadas para la determinación de los compuestos químicos por métodos analíticos internacionales de la AOAC y estandarizados en Cenicafé; simultáneamente las muestras fueron analizadas en el equipo NIRS. A partir de los análisis estadísticos descriptivos, análisis de concordancia de Blan Altman y de correlación de Pearson entre el sesgo y magnitud, pudo establecerse la concordancia entre los métodos analíticos internacionales y el NIRS. El error relativo obtenido por la técnica NIRS para los compuestos cafeína, sacarosa, ácidos clorogénicos totales, isómeros de ácidos clorogénicos 4-CQA y 5-CQA, lípidos totales, ácidos grasos araquídico, esteárico y palmítico fue inferior al 6,0%. Los compuestos trigonelina y el ácido linoleico presentaron un error del 7,0% y el ácido oleico del 10,0%. Los resultados que soportan la investigación confirman que, con la calibración de la curva, la técnica NIRS puede constituirse como un método analítico secundario.
Tarihe Tanıklık Eden Önemli Yapılar: Yalçınkaya Kaleleri (Patnos)
Authors: KALMIŞ Gökhan , KARAGEÇİ Mustafa
Published: December 2021

Anadolu coğrafyası, tarih boyunca pek çok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapan zengin bir kültür hazinesidir. Bu topraklardan gelip-geçen medeniyetler tarihe tanık izler bırakmışlardır. Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi de bu manada zengin bir tarih derinliğine sahiptir. Geç Kalkolitik Çağ’dan itibaren yerleşim görülen Patnos bölgesinde Geç Kalkolitik Çağ ve Erken Tunç Çağı’nda Karaz Kültürü hâkim olmuştur. Bu topraklara MÖ I. binyılda Urartu Krallığı hükmetmiştir. Yalçınkaya mevkiinde Geç Kalkolitik ve İlk Tunç Çağı’ndan itibaren yerleşim gören iki adet kale tespit edilmiştir. Bölgede gerçekleştirilen araştırma neticesinde bu kalelerin konumları, fiziki durumları, mimari yapıları ve keramik verilerine analitik bir şekilde yer verilmiştir. Böylece tarihe tanıklık eden iki yapının kimliği üzerinden bölge tarihine ışık tutmak amaçlanmıştır.
Gülten Dayıoğlu Çocuk ve Gençlik Edebiyatı Ödülleri’nde Yılın Romanı Ödülünü Kazanan Eserlerin Duyarlık Eğitimi Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇİNPOLAT Enes
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı Gülten Dayıoğlu Çocuk ve Gençlik Edebiyatı Ödülleri’nde seçici kurul tarafından yılın çocuk romanı olarak seçilen kitapları duyarlık eğitimi açısından incelemektir. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımıyla yürütülen çalışmada temel nitel araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada 2007 yılından itibaren verilmeye başlanan bu ödüllerde yılın çocuk romanı ödülünü kazanan altı kitap incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri doküman inceleme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre incelenen kitaplarda genel olarak insana, insan mutluluğuna duyarlık, aşka-sevgiye duyarlık, hayvanlara duyarlık, aile bireylerine duyarlık, emeğe ve çalışkanlığa duyarlık, doğaya-çevreye duyarlık, sanat ve estetik olana duyarlık, okuma kültürüne duyarlık, dostluk ve arkadaşlığa duyarlık alanlarına ilişkin konular tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre incelenen kitapların çocukları çeşitli konularda duyarlı kılacak içerikler barındırdıkları saptanmıştır.
Ortaçağ Avrupa’sının Üç Seçkin Cerrahı ve Yenilikçi Teknikleri: Henri de Mondeville, Guy de Chauliac ve John of Arderne
Authors: KARAİMAMOĞLU Tolgahan
Published: December 2021

Ortaçağ Avrupa’sının tıp kültürüne bakıldığında kilisenin baskın bir yeri olduğu anlaşılıyor. Ancak kilisenin yanında çok çeşitli çevreler de tıp ve uygulayıcılarını ciddi şekilde etkilemiştir. Daha açık ifadeyle Ortaçağ zihniyeti tıp sahasına doğrudan yansımıştır ve hurafeler tıbbın ayrılmaz bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Tıbbi bilgilerin önemli bir kısmı ise bilimsel olmaktan daha çok faydasız hatta çoğu zaman da insan sağlığına zararlıdır. Dolayısıyla Ortaçağ Avrupa’sında tıp böyle bir ortam içerisinde icra edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sadece hekimlerin dönem şartlarına göre üniversite düzeyinde eğitim aldığı, cerrahlar ve eczacıların çoğunluğunun ise usta-çırak eğitiminden geçtiği bilinmektedir. Bu düzen içerisinde cerrahlar kendi aralarında ikiye ayrılmaktadırlar: Usta cerrahlar ve berber cerrahlar. Özellikle usta cerrahlar kendilerini hekimlerle denk tutarak seçkin kesime hizmet ederken, berberler tıraş yapmanın yanında halk kesiminin cerrahi operasyonlarını da yürütmüşlerdir. Ortaçağ Avrupa’sının usta cerrahları arasında aldıkları eğitimle, geliştirdikleri yenilikçi tedavi yöntemleriyle dönemlerine ve sonraki yüzyıllara ise üç isim damga vurmayı başarmıştır. Araştırma bu noktada, Ortaçağ Avrupa tıbbında geliştirdikleri yenilikçi cerrahi tekniklerle çağdaşlarının önüne geçmeyi başaran üç seçkin cerrah olan Henri de Mondeville, Guy de Chauliac ve John of Arderne’nin çalışmalarını konu almaktadır.
Anı Kentinin Alınması ve Sultan Alp Arslan
Authors: ÖZMENLİ Mehmet
Published: December 2021

Türk tarihi incelendiğinde, devletlerin kuruluşunda, gelişmesinde ve çökmesinde en etkili olan gerekçe olarak liderler dikkati çekmektedir. Liderler, yetenekleri, uzak görüşlülükleri, yaşadıkları çağın gereklerini yerine getirebilmeleri gibi özellikleri ile milletlerin tarihine yön vermektedirler. Lider, strateji, disiplin, istihbarat, taktik ve savaş için gerekli olan silahların temin edilmesi konusunda etkin olan kişi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Siyasi manevraları da zamanında ve yerinde yapmaları bir diğer önemli hususiyetleridir. Çalışmamızın konusu olan Selçuklu Sultanı Alp Arslan’ın, gerçekleştirdiği faaliyetlerinden bir olan Anı Kenti'nin alınması sürecinde yaptıkları onun liderlik vasıfları taşıdığını kanıtlar niteliktedir. Hedefi batı olan Alp Arslan Anı kentini almak amacıyla silah, teçhizat gibi hazırlıkları zamanında ve yerinde gerçekleştirmiştir. Surlar içinde çağının bu bölgedeki en büyük ve korunaklı kenti olan Anı alınmadan önce Gürcü, Ermeni ve Bizanslılardan, bir tür hilal çizecek biçimde kaleler alınmıştır. Sultan’ın siyasi manevraları, komutanları ile gerçekleştirdiği fikir alışverişleri, istihbarat bilgilerinden yararlanma, durum karşısında seri kararlar alması Kentin alınmasını sağlamıştır. Kale kent olmasından dolayı metin içinde kent ifadesi tercih edilmiştir.
Osmanlı Batılılaşmasının Giresun-Piraziz’e Yansımaları: Tiralizade Konaklarının Cephe Tasarımı
Authors: BAYHAN Ahmet Ali , AKIN ERTEK Gülferi , YILDIRIM GÜNEŞ Özgül
Published: December 2021

Osmanlı Devleti, XVIII. yüzyılda başta askeri alanda olmak üzere birçok alanı iyileştirmek maksadıyla batıyla olan bağlantısını kuvvetlendirmiş ve modernleşme yoluna gitmiştir. Batılılaşma çabalarıyla ve Avrupa’daki uygulamalara dayanarak devletin her mekanizmasını revize etmeye çalışmıştır. Bu çerçevede batılılaşma çabalarının sanatsal tezahürü de XVIII. yüzyıldan itibaren görülmeye başlamıştır. Mimaride, batılı üsluplar öncelikle başkent İstanbul’da bir müddet sonra da taşrada inşa edilen dini, sivil ve askeri yapı gruplarında etkisini göstermiştir.XVIII. yüzyılda inşa edilen farklı yapı gruplarında öncelikle Avrupa ülkelerinde hâkim olan Rokoko ile Barok üslupların süsleme detaylarında ve cephe tasarımlarında etkileri görülmektedir. XIX. yüzyıl sonlarında ise Ampir, Neoklasisizm gibi batılı birçok üslup ve doğulu (Oryantalizm) birçok unsur ya tek başına ya da bir arada (Eklektik biçimde) çoğunlukla gayrimüslim ya da yabancı mimarlar aracılığıyla mimaride yerlerini almıştır.Geleneksel cephe tasarımlarında inşa edilen konaklar haricinde cepheleri batılı üsluplarla şekillendirilen konak örneklerine ise hemen her şehirde rastlamak mümkündür. Bu yapıların banileri şehrin ileri gelen varlıklı aileleridir. Dönemin yeniliklerini takip eden, inşa ettirdikleri yapıları prestij unsuru olarak da öne çıkarmak isteyen bu ailelerden biri Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde bulunan Tiralizadelerdir. XIX. yüzyılda ayanlık payesi verilen Tirelizadelerin bir taşra şehri olan Giresun’un Piraziz İlçesi’nde inşa ettirdiği konaklarda batılı üsluplara özgü düzenlemelerin yer aldığı açıkça görülebilmektedir. Bu bağlamda Tiralizade ailesine ait konaklarda, XX. yüzyıl itibari ile batılı etki ile cephe yüzeylerinde kendini gösteren süsleme ve tasarım ögelerinin incelenmesi çalışmamızın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Karadeniz’deki sahil yerleşiminde varlıklı ailelere ait tespit edilen konaklar üzerine yapılan bu çalışmayla Geç Osmanlı dönemi mimarisine yeni örnekler kazandırılmış olacaktır.
Comparative Analysis of the State of Religious Pluralism between Intertestamental Palestine and Post-Apartheid South Africa
Authors: Nkuna Vusimuzi Goodman
Published: December 2021

Religious pluralism has characterized societies since time immemorial and has been one of the sources of conflict in many societies. This article compares how religious pluralism was handled in intertestamental Palestine and the manner it is managed in post-apartheid South Africa. The study used academic literature which applied the Apocrypha to describe the religious context of Palestine between 336 BC and 63 BC. The themes that emerged from this analysis were then used to source academic literature that describes the religious context of South Africa from 1994 to 2021. This process led to the synthesis of the similarities and differences of the two contexts. The findings latently reveal the contribution of the Apocrypha to theological reflection while simultaneously showing that the Roman Empire’s violent attempts to undermine religious pluralism in intertestamental Palestine bred counterviolence. The paper further reveals that post-apartheid South Africa’s use of legal instruments to promote religious pluralism seems to contribute to the optimization of religious freedom and peaceful co-existence. These findings are likely to contribute to the discourse of religious pluralism, interfaith dialogue, and intercultural communications. Keywords: Hellenism, Apocrypha, Religious Pluralism, Democracy
Afua Kuma’s Prayers and Praises as Evidence of a Vibrant Primal Substructure in African Christianity
Authors: Gyebi Joseph
Published: December 2021

Following from the assertion that there exists a symbiosis between Christianity and the Primal Substructure in Africa, this paper sets out to examine Afua Kuma’s Jesus of the Deep Forest using Harold Turner’s six feature analysis of primal religions. It focuses on how Afua Kuma’s poetry builds upon the six features of the primal worldview with her new insights from the Christian faith. The author argues that this is evidence of the vibrant primal substructure in African Christianity. This article thus contributes to the growing body of scholarship on African Christianity and its primal underpinnings and Christianity as a non-Western religion

Keywords: Primal Worldview, African Christianity, Apae, Afua Kuma
Investigating determinants of competitiveness of the retail banking service in Vietnam: a customer approach
Authors: Nguyen Dac Thanh , Luu Thi Thuy Duong , Nguyen Huu That
Published: December 2021

This study is conducted to clarify the impact of the factors on the competitiveness of retail banking services inVietnam’s commercial banks from the customer’s approach. The hypothesis in this paper is proposed that the competitiveness of retail banking services is related to the following factors: service quality, fees, distribution channels, promotion activities, and brand. The data is used from the survey conducted by 438 individual customers who have been using retail banking services in Vietnam’s big cities. This paper shows that the specific factors which are positively impact the competitiveness of retail banking services in Vietnam can be seen as prices (service fees), promotion activities, brand and distribution channels and service quality. The findings in this research could be an academic basis towards the improvement of the policies for retail banking services in Vietnam.
Predicting the Water Content of Interstellar Objects from Galactic Star Formation Histories
Authors: Lintott Chris , Bannister Michele T. , Mackereth J. Ted
Published: December 2021

Planetesimals inevitably bear the signatures of their natal environment, preserving in their composition a record of the metallicity of their system’s original gas and dust, albeit one altered by the formation processes. When planetesimals are dispersed from their system of origin, this record is carried with them. As each star is likely to contribute at least 1012 interstellar objects (ISOs), the Galaxy’s drifting population of ISOs provides an overview of the properties of its stellar population through time. Using the EAGLE cosmological simulations and models of protoplanetary formation, our modeling predicts an ISO population with a bimodal distribution in their water mass fraction: objects formed in low-metallicity, typically older, systems have a higher water fraction than their counterparts formed in high-metallicity protoplanetary disks, and these water-rich objects comprise the majority of the population. Both detected ISOs seem to belong to the lower water fraction population; these results suggest they come from recently formed systems. We show that the population of ISOs in galaxies with different star formation histories will have different proportions of objects with high and low water fractions. This work suggests that it is possible that the upcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time will detect a large enough population of ISOs to place useful constraints on models of protoplanetary disks, as well as galactic structure and evolution.
Expanding the Time Domain of Multiple Populations: Evidence of Nitrogen Variations in the ∼1.5 Gyr Old Star Cluster NGC 1783
Authors: Cadelano Mario , Dalessandro Emanuele , Salaris Maurizio , Bastian Nate , Mucciarelli Alessio , Saracino Sara , Martocchia Silvia , Cabrera-Ziri Ivan
Published: December 2021

We present the result of a detailed analysis of Hubble Space Telescope UV and optical deep images of the massive and young (∼1.5 Gyr) stellar cluster NGC 1783 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. This system does not show evidence of multiple populations (MPs) along the red giant branch (RGB) stars. However, we find that the cluster main sequence (MS) shows evidence of a significant broadening (50% larger than what is expected from photometric errors) along with hints of possible bimodality in the MP sensitive (m
F343N − m
F438W, m
F438W) color–magnitude diagram (CMD). Such an effect is observed in all color combinations including the m
F343N filter, while it is not found in the optical CMDs. This observational evidence suggests we might have found light-element chemical abundance variations along the MS of NGC 1783, which represents the first detection of MPs in a system younger than 2 Gyr. A comparison with isochrones including MP-like abundances shows that the observed broadening is compatible with a N abundance enhancement of Δ([N/Fe]) ∼ 0.3. Our analysis also confirms previous results about the lack of MPs along the cluster RGB. However, we find that the apparent disagreement between the results found on the MS and the RGB is compatible with the mixing effects linked to the first dredge up. This study provides new key information about the MP phenomenon and suggests that star clusters form in a similar way at any cosmic age.
A new subspecies of Stellaria alsine (Caryophyllaceae) from Yakushima, Japan
Authors: Yahara Tetsukazu , Hirota Shun K. , Fuse Kengo , Sato Hiroyuki , Tagane Shuichiro , Suyama Yoshihisa
Published: December 2021

An unknown taxon of Stellaria was discovered in Yakushima, a Japanese island known to harbor several endemic species. To determine the identity of this taxon, this study employed MIG-seq for the reconstruction of a finely resolved phylogenetic tree of the newly discovered taxon, along with some related species of Stellaria. The results showed that the newly discovered taxon is a relative of S. alsine. Based on this result, Stellaria alsine subsp. nanasubsp. nov. was published.
Sous-emploi et difficultés de recrutement en France
Authors: Santelmann Paul
Published: December 2021

Si le taux de chômage en France, au milieu de l’automne 2021, baisse sensiblement, il reste nettement supérieur à celui des autres pays de la zone euro. Cependant, alors que les créations d’emplois sont dynamiques, le nombre d’offres non satisfaites, sujet d’âpres polémiques, révèle à nouveau le défaut d’adéquation entre l’offre et la demande. Comment expliquer ce phénomène ? Paul Santelmann montre ici combien le problème est complexe, car lié à une multitude de facteurs : le faible niveau d’emploi des jeunes et des seniors , l’écart entre les diplômes obtenus et les qualifications requises, les disparités régionales…, sans même parler ici de la formation tout au long de la vie qui, malgré différentes réformes, semble demeurer très inefficace, notamment en raison du maquis d’acteurs qui interviennent, au sein de l’administration et des centres de formation, sans être suffisamment au fait des besoins des entreprises. Paul Santelmann décrit ici la situation particulière du marché du travail français, examine le rôle des différents canaux de recrutement existants, et montre surtout combien la formation professionnelle est défaillante pour assurer l’appariement entre l’offre et la demande, ainsi que permettre une meilleure mobilité professionnelle. Compte tenu de la disparité des situations, suivant les secteurs d’activité et les bassins d’emploi, il devient urgent, à la lecture de cette analyse, de revoir les modalités de fonctionnement de la formation en France, de sorte qu’elle puisse répondre efficacement aux besoins au plus près du terrain — ce qui implique manifestement d’en décentraliser le pilotage et la gestion. H.J.
Collision-avoidance and flocking in the Cucker–Smale-type model with a discontinuous controller
Authors: Cheng Jianfei , Wang Xiao , Liu Yicheng
Published: December 2021

The collision-avoidance and flocking of the Cucker–Smale-type model with a discontinuous controller are studied. The controller considered in this paper provides a force between agents that switches between the attractive force and the repulsive force according to the movement tendency between agents. The results of collision-avoidance are closely related to the weight function \begin{document}$ f(r) = (r-d_0)^{-\theta } $\end{document}. For \begin{document}$ \theta \ge 1 $\end{document}, collision will not appear in the system if agents' initial positions are different. For the case \begin{document}$ \theta \in [0,1) $\end{document} that not considered in previous work, the limits of initial configurations to guarantee collision-avoidance are given. Moreover, on the basis of collision-avoidance, we point out the impacts of \begin{document}$ \psi (r) = (1+r^2)^{-\beta } $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ f(r) $\end{document} on the flocking behaviour and give the decay rate of relative velocity. We also estimate the lower and upper bound of distance between agents. Finally, for the special case that agents moving on the 1-D space, we give sufficient conditions for the finite-time flocking.
A review of data mining methods in financial markets
Authors: Liu Haihua ,   Business School of Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, China, Huang Shan , Wang Peng , Li Zejun ,   College of Computer Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, Hunan, China
Published: December 2021

Financial activities are closely related to human social life. Data mining plays an important role in the analysis and prediction of financial markets, especially in the context of the current era of big data. However, it is not simple to use data mining methods in the process of analyzing financial data, due to the differences in the background of researchers in different disciplines. This review summarizes several commonly used data mining methods in financial data analysis. The purpose is to make it easier for researchers in the financial field to use data mining methods and to expand the application scenarios of it used by researchers in the computer field. This review introduces the principles and steps of decision trees, support vector machines, Bayesian, K-nearest neighbors, k-means, Expectation-maximization algorithm, and ensemble learning, and points out their advantages, disadvantages and applicable scenarios. After introducing the algorithms, it summarizes the use of the algorithm in the process of financial data analysis, hoping that readers can get specific examples of using the algorithm. In this review, the difficulties and countermeasures of using data mining methods are summarized, and the development trend of using data mining methods to analyze financial data is predicted.
Exploration of cassava clones for the development of biocomposite films
Authors: Rosario-Arellano José Luis Del ,   UV. University of Veracruz, Faculty of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Orizaba-Cordoba region, Peñuela, Amatlan SN, Center, ZC. 94945 Amatlan de los Reyes. Veracruz Mexico, Bolio-López Gloria Ivette , Valadez-González Alex , Zamora-Peredo Luis , Aguilar-Rivera Noé , Meneses-Márquez Isaac , Andrés-Meza Pablo , Leyva-Ovalle Otto Raúl ,   UPCH. Popular University of the Chontalpa, Cardenas-Huimanguillo, highway, km. 2, Rancheria Paso y Playa, ZC. 86500 Heroic Cardenas, Tabasco, Mexico,   CICY. Scientific Research Center of Yucatan, street 43 No. 130 x 32 y 34 col, Chuburna de Hidalgo, ZC. 97205 Merida, Yucatan, Mexico,   MICRONA. Micro and Nanotechnology Research Center, University of Veracruz, boulevard Adolfo Ruiz Cortines 455, Costa Verde, ZC. 94294 Boca del Rio, Veracruz, Mexico,   INIFAP. National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural, and Livestock Research, Cotaxtla Experimental Field, km. 34.5, federal highway Veracruz-Cordoba, ZC. 94270 Medellin de Bravo, Veracruz
Published: December 2021

Due to the growing interest in developing bioplastic films from renewable sources, the performance of biocomposite films produced of native starch from cassava clones reinforced with cassava bagasse was explored. The biocomposites were prepared from the starch of cassava clones MMEXV5, MMEXV40, and MMEXCH23, reinforced with bagasse at 1%, 5%, and 15%. Their structural, mechanical, and thermal properties were subsequently assessed. When analyzing the starch, differences in the intensities of the Raman spectra exhibit a possible variation in the amylose-amylopectin ratio. In the biocomposites, the bagasse was efficiently incorporated into polymeric matrixes and their thermogravimetric analysis revealed the compatibility of the matrix-reinforcement. The starch films from the MMEXV40 clone showed better tension (2.53 MPa) and elastic modulus (60.49 MPa). The assessed mechanical properties were also affected by bagasse concentration. Because of the above, the MMEXV40 cassava clone showed potential to develop polymeric materials, given its tuberous roots high yield, starch extraction, and good performance in its mechanical properties. At the same time, the starch source (clone) and the bagasse concentration interfere with the final properties of the biocomposites.
On fractional Schrödinger equations with Hartree type nonlinearities
Authors: Cingolani Silvia ,   Dipartimento di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy, Gallo Marco , Tanaka Kazunaga ,   Department of Mathematics, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shijuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
Published: December 2021

Goal of this paper is to study the following doubly nonlocal equation

   \begin{document} $(- \Delta)^s u + \mu u = (I_\alpha*F(u))F'(u) \quad {\rm{in}}\;{\mathbb{R}^N}\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad ({\rm{P}}) $ \end{document}

in the case of general nonlinearities $ F \in C^1(\mathbb{R}) $ of Berestycki-Lions type, when $ N \geq 2 $ and $ \mu > 0 $ is fixed. Here $ (-\Delta)^s $, $ s \in (0, 1) $, denotes the fractional Laplacian, while the Hartree-type term is given by convolution with the Riesz potential $ I_{\alpha} $, $ \alpha \in (0, N) $. We prove existence of ground states of (P). Furthermore we obtain regularity and asymptotic decay of general solutions, extending some results contained in [23,61].