bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stature Estimation from the Measures of Upper Limb Segments in Hisar Population Migrated from India
Authors: Sahar Ijaz  , Syed Asadullah Arlan  , Ibrahim Mohammed  , Tahmineh Mokhtari  , Gholamreza Hassanzadeh
Published: June 2024

Background: The relationship between stature and various body segments has long been utilized in forensic anthropology to estimate height from partial remains in medico-legal cases. Given the diversity of human populations, region-specific data are crucial for enhancing the accuracy of such estimations.
Objective: To develop regression equations for estimating stature from the measurements of upper limb segments in the male population of Hisar, Pakistan, and to assess the predictive accuracy of these models.
Methods: This study involved 100 male participants aged 18-30 years from the Hisar population in Multan, Pakistan. Measurements taken included standing height, wing span, bi-acromial length, brachial length, antebrachial length, hand length, hand width, and total upper limb length. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25, where Pearson’s correlation and linear regression analyses were performed to derive equations for stature estimation.
Results: The study found significant correlations between stature and various upper limb measurements. Notably, wing span showed the highest correlation with stature (r=0.800, p<0.001), followed by brachial length (Right r=0.779, Left r=0.782, both p<0.001) and total upper limb length (Right r=0.715, Left r=0.710, both p<0.001). Linear regression analysis provided predictive models with coefficients of determination ranging from R²=0.106 for hand length to R²=0.639 for wing span.
Conclusion: Upper limb measurements, particularly wing span, brachial length, and total upper limb length, are reliable predictors of stature in the male population of Hisar. These findings support the use of these specific anthropometric measurements in forensic and anthropological applications for this demographic group.
Keywords: Forensic Anthropology, Stature Estimation, Linear Regression, Upper Limb Measurements, Hisar Population, Pakistan.
Assessment of Modifiable Risk Factors Associated With Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Muhammad Usama Maooz Awan  , Wajeeha Nasir  , Sidra Zafar  , Hafiza Hamna Mushtaq  , Azmat Ullah  , Muhammad Hayyat  , Zaman Akram  , Talha Bin Tahir  , Ayesha Noor
Published: June 2024

Background: Hypertension is a major public health challenge globally due to its significant role in contributing to the burden of heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Identifying modifiable risk factors for hypertension is crucial to developing effective intervention strategies, particularly in regions like Punjab, Pakistan, where lifestyle factors such as diet and physical inactivity play prominent roles.
Objective: To assess the prevalence of hypertension and identify its association with modifiable risk factors such as obesity, dietary habits, physical activity, and smoking among adults in Punjab, Pakistan.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted over four months, from September to December 2019, and included 200 hypertensive adults aged 40 years and above from various urban and rural settings in Punjab. Data were collected using a self-developed questionnaire covering demographic information, health history, and lifestyle factors. Purposive sampling technique was utilized to select participants. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (Version 25), focusing on descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations to examine the relationships between hypertension and various lifestyle factors.
Results: Out of the 200 participants, 135 (68%) were found to have high blood pressure. The prevalence of obesity was 19.5%, with 39% of participants classified as overweight. Physical activity levels were low, with 36% of participants leading sedentary lifestyles. Dietary analysis showed high salt and fat intake among significant portions of the population. Females showed a higher prevalence of hypertension at 68% compared to males at 33%.
Conclusion: The study concluded that high prevalence of hypertension is significantly associated with modifiable lifestyle factors, including obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and unhealthy dietary habits. Public health interventions targeting these risk factors could potentially reduce the burden of hypertension in this region.
Keywords: Hypertension, Modifiable Risk Factors, Obesity, Dietary Habits, Physical Activity, Punjab, Public Health, Cross-Sectional Study, Lifestyle Diseases, Health Intervention.
Prevalence of Hypertension in People Aged 40 Years and Above
Authors: Muhammad Usama Maooz Awan  , Zaman Akram  , Hafiza Hamna Mushtaq  , Haniam Sahar Niazi  , Laiba Irshad  , Raazia Imtiaz  , Farrah Yousuf  , Laraib Habib  , Ayesha Noor
Published: June 2024

Background: A gap exists in the study of the prevalence of hypertension among people aged 40 years and above from different cities and hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the prevalence and associated risk factors.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypertension in individuals aged 40 years and above and to explore the relationship between hypertension and obesity, smoking, stress, family history, and various risk factors such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, salt intake, and fat intake.
Methods: This observational study was conducted using a self-developed questionnaire. Participants were selected from different cities of Punjab province and those admitted to District Head Quarter (DHQ) Teaching Hospital, Sargodha. The study included 200 participants aged 40 years and above. Data collection was performed through a structured questionnaire, which covered socio-demographics, medical history, lifestyle factors, and clinical parameters. Blood pressure was measured using a calibrated mercury sphygmomanometer. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25, applying descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression models to determine associations between hypertension and risk factors.
Results: Out of 200 participants, 47% were hypertensive, 49.5% had normal blood pressure, and 3.5% had low blood pressure. Age distribution was as follows: 64% were aged 40-50 years, 30.5% were aged 51-60 years, and 5.5% were aged 61 years and older. Among the participants, 39% had a family history of cardiovascular disease, 34.5% had raised blood lipid profiles, 36% were overweight, and 11% were obese. Additionally, 55% of participants were within the weight range of 61-80 kg.
Conclusion: The study concluded that age, weight, cholesterol levels, salt intake, and physical inactivity are major factors contributing to hypertension among individuals aged 40 years and above. The prevalence of hypertension in this population was high at 47%. The findings highlight the need for targeted public health strategies to address these risk factors.
Keywords: Hypertension Prevalence, Middle-Aged Adults, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Obesity, Smoking, Stress, Family History, Blood Pressure, Punjab, Pakistan, SPSS Analysis
The Comparison of Good Clinical Examination (GCE) and Vibration Perception Threshold (VPT) In Diagnosis of Diabetic Sensory Neuropathy
Authors: Jan Bakhti , Nouman Muhammad Kashif , Zeeshan Muhammad , Din Nizamud
Published: June 2024

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes, resulting from damaged nerves near the extremities and carrying clinical implications in terms of several morbidities. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective management and prevention.
Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of Good Clinical Examination (GCE) and Vibration Perception Threshold (VPT) in diabetic sensory neuropathy.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Endocrinology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, from May 2023 to April 2024. A total of 120 patients with diabetes mellitus were enrolled. All participants underwent a complete clinical examination for symptoms suggestive of neuropathy, reflexes, and sensory tests according to GCE. Additionally, VPT measurements were recorded at various points on the body, including the medial malleolus, using a biothesiometer. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for both diagnostic methods. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25.0, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy.
Results: The mean age of participants was 56.3 ± 12.4 years. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of GCE for diagnosing diabetic sensory neuropathy were 75.0%, 85.0%, 70.0%, and 88.0%, respectively. For VPT, these values were 90.0%, 80.0%, 83.0%, and 88.0%, respectively. Combining GCE and VPT resulted in a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 88%, PPV of 85%, and NPV of 90%.
Conclusion: Both GCE and VPT are useful in diagnosing diabetic sensory neuropathy, but their combination improves diagnostic accuracy. The integrated use of GCE and VPT is recommended for comprehensive and reliable diagnosis.
Fabricated Imprinted Firearm Wound – A case report
Authors: Pramod Karan , Chhabra Harvınder Sıngh , Joshi Rajiv , Kumar Ashwini , Singh Ravdeep
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Fabricated wounds (fictitious, forged, or invented) wounds can be ‘self-inflicted’ when a person produces a wound himself on his body or self-suffered when a wound is produced by some other person on his body. The main motive here is to bring a false charge of assault on a person of enmity. Case report: An adult male came to the emergency department of a tertiary care center with an injury mark on the right flank of the abdomen. According to the history given by the patient, this injury was a result of the projectile of a firearm allegedly shot at him by his enemy. Further investigation proved that this was a fabricated wound.
Conclusion: In the case we have reported it was concluded that the injury mark on the body of the patient was a forged wound. The method used for fabrication is unusual and rare, as per our knowledge this type of case has not been reported earlier in the literature.
Adli Tıp Muğla Şube Müdürlüğü’nde Otopsi Yapılan Yangın Ortamından Çıkarılan Olgularının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Tunç Mert , Balcı Yasemin , Gülbeyaz İlingi Hatice
Published: June 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Muğla ilinde otopsisi yapılan yangın ortamından çıkarılan olgularda ölüm nedeninin belirlenmesi açısından makroskobik, mikroskobik ve toksikolojik bulguların değerlendirilmesi yanı sıra vitalite bulgularına vurgu yapılması amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: 2013-2021 yılları arasındaki 9 yıllık periyotta yapılan tüm adli otopsiler içindeki yangın ortamından çıkarılan olgular retrospektif incelenmiştir.

Bulgular: Adli Tıp Muğla Şube Müdürlüğünde 2013-2021 yılları arasında yapılan toplam 3981 otopsinin 61’i (%1,5) yangın ortamından çıkarılan olgulardır. Yangın ortamı, olguların %83,6’sında (n:51) kapalı alan, 10 olguda (%16,4) açık alandır. Olguların %20’sinde karbonmonoksit saptanmamıştır. Olguların 31’inde (%50,8) vücut bütünlüğünün tam olduğu, 30’unda (%49,2) vücut bütünlüğünde eksiklik olduğu, vücut bütünlüğünde eksiklik olan olgularda kısmen/tamamen kömürleşme derecesinde yanma olduğu saptanmıştır. Olgularda mikroskopik olarak organlarda konjesyon ve ısı etkisine bağlı değişiklikler gibi nonspesifik bulgular dışında, %25-50 arasında değişen oranlarda histopatolojik bulgular saptanmıştır. Antemortem ya da postmortem yanık ayrımı açısından; olguların 39’unda %10’dan fazla COHb saptandığı, COHb düzeyi %10’dan az/saptanmayan 22 olgunun 9’unda koagülasyon nekrozu, mononükleer inflamatuar hücreler, subkutan yağ dokusu altında kanama, akciğerlerde dokusunda karbon partikülleri ve pigment yüklü histiositler gibi histopatolojik olarak destekleyici bulgular olduğu saptanmıştır. Geri kalan 13 olgunun, ikisinde orijin cinayet olup otopsilerinde makroskobik ve mikroskobik olarak vitalite bulgusu saptanmamıştır. Dört olguda yanmadan önce kendilerinde mevcut bazı hastalıkların ölüm sürecini hızlandırması; iki olguda eksojen alınmış olan yüksek doz etanol ve bazı ilaçların varlığı, iki olgunun yaşlı/çocuk olması; iki olgunun orman yangını sırasında açık havada yoğun alevlere maruz kalması, 3 olguda hastanede tedavi süreci ve uygun örnekte inceleme yapılamaması; iki olgunun trafik kazasında yanan araç içinde aynı zamanda künt travma bulgularının olması nedeniyle kişilerin COHb içeren havayı soluma fırsatının olmadığı ya da çok yüzeyel bir solunum yapabildiği, olay yeri inceleme bulguları ve adli tahkikatları çerçevesinde bu kişilerin yangın ortamında canlı bulunduğu değerlendirilmiştir.

Sonuç: Yangın ortamından çıkarılan olgularda mutlaka otopsi yapılmalı, ileri derecede yanmış olsalar da mutlaka histopatolojik ve toksikolojik incelemeler yapılmalı, yanma olayının kişi canlı iken mi yoksa öldükten sonra mı olduğunun ayrımı açısından vitalite bulguları dikkatli değerlendirilmeli ve yorumlanmalıdır. Ölenin kanında belirli bir düzeyin üzerinde karbonmonoksit tespiti, kişinin yangın yangın ortamında canlı bulunulduğunun değerli bir göstergesi olmakla birlikte kanda karboksihemoglobin tespit edilmemiş olması kişinin öldükten sonra yandığı anlamına gelmemektedir.
Adli Psikiyatri Perspektifinden Çocuk Velayeti ve Kişisel İlişki Kurma: Sosyodemografik, Klinik ve Hukuki Özelliklerin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Özkaptan Melike Nur , Özkaptan Efkan , Boylu Muhammed Emin , Cansunar Fatma Nuray
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışma 2018-2022 tarihleri arasında Adli Tıp Kurumu (ATK) Adli Tıp Dördüncü İhtisas Kurulunca velayet ve çocukla kişisel ilişki kurulması hususlarında görüş bildirilmiş tüm raporlar incelenerek hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada çoğunlukla aile mahkemeleri tarafından gönderilen 163 olgunun sosyodemografik özellikleri, adli psikiyatrik öykü ve muayeneleri geriye dönük olarak incelenmiştir. Olguların kadın erkek oranı 1,5:1 bulunmuştur. Kadınların yaş ortalaması 35,4±6,2, ortalama evlilik yaşı 24,6±4,7, ortalama evlilik süresi 8,9±5,9 yıl; erkeklerin ise yaş ortalaması 40,2±9,1, ortalama evlilik yaşı 29,2±8,6, ortalama evlilik süresi 9,3±5,3 yıldır. Kadınların %9,1’inin, erkeklerin %32,8’inin alkol, erkeklerin %4,7’sinin uyuşturucu/uyarıcı madde kullanımı öyküsü olduğu görülmüştür. Toksikolojik inceleme yapılan 4 erkekten 2’sinde uyuşturucu/uyarıcı madde tespit edilmiştir. Kurul muayenesinde kadınların %9,1’inde Remisyonda Bipolar Bozukluk, %1’inde Bipolar Bozukluk, %4’ünde Psikotik Bozukluk, %4’ünde Sınır Mental Kapasite, %3’ünde Hafif Derecede Zekâ Geriliği tespit edilmiştir. Erkeklerde Psikotik Bozukluk, Remisyonda Psikotik Bozukluk, Ağır Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk, Demansiyel Sendrom, Hafif Derecede Zekâ Geriliği tanısı koyulan 1’er (%1,6) olgu ve %4,7’sinde Remisyonda Bipolar Bozukluk tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, uyuşturucu madde kullanımı ve Psikotik Bozukluk olan ebeveynlerin velayete uygun görülmediği ancak düzenli tedavi ve refakatçi eşliğinde çocukla kişisel ilişki kurmasının uygun olduğu bulunmuştur. Remisyonda Bipolar Bozukluk tanısı olanların genellikle çocukla kişisel ilişki kurmasının uygun görüldüğü ancak düzenli tedavi altında velayete uygun olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Zekâ geriliği olgularının ise velayete uygun olmadığı yönünde görüş bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada velayet ve çocukla kişisel ilişki kurulması hususunda rapor düzenlenen olgular retrospektif olarak değerlendirilerek, literatüre ve Adli Tıp pratiğine katkı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır.
Perbandingan Perlindungan Harta (Hifdz Al-Mal) Antara Perbankan Syariah Dan Konvensional
Authors: Aryo Jasmiko  , Shodini Putri Lestar  , Lindy Arina Pramudita  , Suci Marhania  , Bella Sartika.  , Arin Ardianty  , Walid Syauq
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
This article reviews the comparison between asset protection (Hifdz al-Mal) in sharia and conventional banking based on literature study. Islamic banking, which operates with Islamic sharia principles, places special emphasis on the concepts of fairness, transparency and loss prevention to customers. Meanwhile, conventional banking focuses on the interest system and profitability. Although both have the main goal of protecting customer assets, the methods and approaches they use differ significantly. This research describes the key aspects of both systems, examines the principles underlying them, and provides insight into how they offer protection to customers' assets.
 
ABSTRAK
Artikel ini mengulas perbandingan antara perlindungan aset (Hifdz al-Mal) pada perbankan syariah dan konvensional berdasarkan studi literatur. Perbankan syariah, yang beroperasi dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah Islam, memberikan penekanan khusus pada konsep keadilan, transparansi, dan pencegahan kerugian kepada nasabah. Sementara itu, perbankan konvensional berfokus pada sistem bunga dan profitabilitas. Meskipun keduanya memiliki tujuan utama untuk melindungi aset nasabah, metode dan pendekatan yang mereka gunakan berbeda secara signifikan. Penelitian ini menjelaskan aspek-aspek utama dari kedua sistem tersebut, memeriksa prinsip-prinsip yang mendasarinya, dan memberikan wawasan tentang bagaimana mereka menawarkan perlindungan terhadap aset nasabah.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Salmonella typhi Isolated from Hostel Tap Water of a Tertiary Institution in Makurdi
Authors: Eneyi Ebah Esther , Onifade Emmanuel Olumuyiwa , Ugochinyere Dim Chinemerem , Aondoackaa Augustine David
Published: June 2024

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar typhi. This study was undertaken and the aim of the study is to ascertain the antibiotics susceptibility pattern of Salmonella typhi. Isolation of Salmonella typhi strains from a total of 20 tap water samples which was from 4 different hostels in University of Agriculture, Makurdi was done by standard microbiological and biochemical techniques.  The strains isolated were examined for their susceptibility to ten antibiotics using the disc diffusion method.  The highest susceptibility was to Tarivid and Streptomycin (65%), followed by Amoxicillin (50%), Gentamycin (40%), Septrin (30%), the drug with the highest resistance was Pefloxacin (100%), Sparfloxacin (65%), intermediate resistance in Ciprofloxacin and Chloramphenicol (40%). In the hostels Block A isolates recorded the highest susceptibility to antibiotics while Block C had the least, but there was no significant difference in their mean (P > 0.05). This study indicates that the hostel water supply is contaminated with Salmonella typhi strain and these strains are becoming increasingly resistant to Ciprofloxacin and other quinolones. Therefore, improvements in public sanitation facilities, vaccinations, availability of portable water for safe drinking, and rational use of antibiotics are some recommended ways of preventing antibiotics resistance in Salmonella typhi.
TRANSNATIONAL REMOTE WORK IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   Instituto Iberamericano de Estudos Jurídicos, Benevides Camila Martins dos Santos
Published: June 2024

Digital transformations have sparked a revolution in the world of work, giving rise to transnational remote work, which presents both legal and practical challenges. A key question arises: what law applies to an international employment contract? This study focuses on these developments within the European Union, exploring legislation, jurisdiction, and the concept of “the workplace” in digital environments. Analysis of the data discussed in this study shows that the rules relating to conflicts of laws and competencies were designed and outlined in light of the traditional work model, generally carried out in the employer’s physical facilities. However, considering the essence and objectives of these regulations, together with the pillars that guide the European Union and the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union, it is fully viable to interpret such regulations in an adapted way. This interpretative activity, if carried out with meticulousness and precision, can guarantee legal certainty for all parties involved, thus ensuring balance and protection in the current work scenario. Nonetheless, the importance of a swift and transparent legislative adjustment is highlighted. Such interventions must not only safeguard the inalienable rights of workers but also establish a clear and precise regulatory framework for employers. This will ensure that both parties operate in a fair, transparent, and equitable working environment.
Relationship between Climate Factors, Temperature, and Humidity, and the Incidence of Dengue Cases in Mexico
Authors: José Ángel de Jesús Prestegui Muñoz , Cornejo Eduardo Ortiz , David Eduardo Prestegui Muñoz , Karen Guadalupe Rodriguez Álvarez
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Dengue is an arbovirus that causes the disease dengue, transmitted primarily by mosquitoes, especially Aedes aegypti. The disease is characterized by an acute febrile illness with temperatures that can rise up to 40°C, accompanied by symptoms that disrupt the patient's general well-being. It is possible to analyze a potential ecological triad to assess the risk of contracting dengue, which includes the transmitting mosquito and the virus, a climate conducive to vector reproduction, and a relatively susceptible population. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study utilized data obtained from Dengue non-severe morbidity yearbooks published from 2012 to 2023, as well as temperature and precipitation data for the states from the official CONAGUA website for the same years. This research only required computers with internet access for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine the normal distribution of variables, considering year, temperature, river precipitation, and dengue cases as continuous variables and comparing them using the Student's t-test. Correlation analysis was conducted using the Pearson parametric test. Results: A high positive correlation (r=0.68, p=0.004) was found between dengue and temperature, and a moderate positive correlation (r=0.55, p=0.02) was observed between dengue and river precipitation. Conclusions: The general hypothesis was confirmed by establishing that temperature and river precipitation factors influence the increase in dengue cases due to the vector's ease of reproduction under these conditions. States with a tropical climate have a higher incidence of dengue cases compared to states with a dry climate.
FARKLI İRİLİKTEKİ TABAN MALZEMELERİ İÇİN BİRİM HİDROGRAF ANALİZİ
Authors: Çabuk Özge , Soysal Selahattin Baki , Ekinci Cihan , Terzi Özlem , Yaşır Yusuf
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada, farklı irilikteki taban malzemelerinin birim hidrograf üzerindeki etkisini incelemek için deneysel çalışma yapılmıştır. Sırasıyla iri ve ince daneli taban malzemelerine sahip yapay havza için, oluşturulan yağmurlama düzeneği ile sabit zaman aralıklarında hazne çıkış noktasında oluşacak akış hacimleri ölçülmüş ve daha sonra debiler hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen birim hidrograflarda ince daneli taban malzemesi durumunda iri daneli duruma göre, pik debide yaklaşık 17% azalma ve 48 sn’lik bir gecikme gözlenmiştir.
YATAY KURPLARDA TAŞIT STABİLİTESİNİN MAKİNE ÖĞRENMESİ İLE MODELLENMESİ
Authors: Yıldırım Bülent
Published: June 2024

Yol ekseninin doğrultusunu değiştirmek için kullanılan yatay kurplar, taşıtların ani hız ve yön değiştirmeleri gereken taşıt stabilitesi ve trafik güvenliği bakımından oldukça önemli yol kesimleridir. Bu nedenle, kurba giren araçların devrilme ve savrulma hızlarının doğru tespit edilmesi taşıt stabilitesi açısından oldukça kritiktir. Bu parametreler, taşıtın mevcut yol koşulları için güvenli olarak kurplarda hangi hızla dönebileceğini ve ne kadar enine eğimli yüzeylerde dengede kalabileceğini belirler. Bu çalışmada, deversiz yatay kurplarda farklı tür ve özelliklere sahip olan taşıtların devrilme ve savrulma hızlarını belirlemede makine öğrenmesi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, farklı araç tipleri, yol koşulları ve kurp özelliklerine göre çeşitli senaryolar içeren bir veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Bu veri seti, farklı araçların farklı koşullarda nasıl davrandığını anlamak için çeşitli senaryoları içermektedir. Bu veri seti makine öğrenmesi algoritmaları kullanılarak modellenmiş ve farklı senaryolar için geliştirilen modeller ile taşıt stabilitesi tahminleri yapılmıştır. Veri setine uygulanan makine öğrenmesi modellerinden Polinom Regresyon modeli diğer modellere göre daha iyi sonuçlar vermiştir. Bu çalışma ile makine öğrenmesi modellerinin yatay kurplardaki taşıt stabilitesini değerlendirmek için kullanılabileceği gösterilmiştir. Bu yöntem, daha güvenli bir sürüş sunmak için otonom ve sürücü destekli sistemlerde de kullanılabilir. Otonom araçlar için bu tür bir modelleme, araçların çevresel koşullara daha hızlı ve hassas bir şekilde tepki vermesine olanak tanırken, daha güvenli ve verimli bir sürüş deneyimi sunabilir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada makine öğrenmesi teknikleriyle yatay kurplardaki taşıt stabilitesinin hızlı bir şekilde değerlendirilebileceği ve bu yöntemin sürücü destekli ve otonom sistemlerin geliştirilmesinde kullanılabileceği anlaşılmıştır.
Histopathological evaluation of the potential ameliorating effects of stem cells and rutin against acute renal toxicity induced by acetaminophen in male rats
Authors:   Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Libya, EL-Dab Rabha E. A. ,   جامعة عمر المختار، ليبيا, Alshailabi Eda M. A ,   Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Libya
Published: June 2024

The present investigation aims at a histopathological assessment of the potential ameliorating effects of stem cells and rutin against acute renal toxicity by acetaminophen in male rats. Two main experiments were conducted using seventy rats. Twenty immature rats were used in the primary investigation as a source of bone marrow. In the second investigation, fifty mature rats were split into two groups: G (1) served as the control group, and G (2) received 750 mg/kg b.w./72 hours of oral acetaminophen (APAP) for three weeks. This group was divided into four subgroups: (A) rats receiving APAP for three weeks, then left for two months without treatment; (B) rats receiving APAP for three weeks, followed by treatment with rutin (RUT) (25 mg/kg b.w./d) for two months; (C) rats receiving APAP for three weeks, then the rats were injected in their tail vein by mesenchymal cells (MS) (1.5x 106 cells in 0.5 PBS) for two months; and (D) rats received APAP for three weeks, then MS injected in the tail vein, and received RUT for two months. After taking tissue sections of the kidneys: it was found that the rats receiving APAP alone had perivascular edema with blood vessel congestion, tubular deterioration, glomerulus deteriorating lesions, and inflammatory cell penetration in their renal tissues. Whereas the APAP RUT and APAP-MS-RUT groups showed few tubular deteriorations. Moreover, APAP MS displayed the typical kidney histological structure. The results of the investigation showed that MS significantly lowers acute renal toxicity. Keywords: kidney; rutin; histopathology; mesenchymal cell; acetaminophen.
Validation of a test designed to assess prospective vocational teachers' basic knowledge about artificial intelligence
Authors: Schmidt Jacqueline , Happ Roland
Published: June 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly important for numerous areas of life and work and is considered to be a "driver of digitalisation" in the second wave of digital transformation. Vocational education and training is directly affected by this dynamic development, given the AI-related changes to job profiles and the resulting skills requirements for (future) skilled workers. Responsibility for organising the qualification processes lies with the teaching staff, whose professional training so far lacks AI content. It can be assumed that this group has little prior knowledge of AI. In order to generate reliable findings on the extent of the AI knowledge of (prospective) teachers and to establish appropriate training and further education programmes based on this, test instruments are required that can be used to validly measure knowledge. For newly developed instruments, comprehensive analyses based on the "Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing" of American Educational Research Association (AERA) et al. (2014) are required to ensure validity. The article discusses the analyses regarding the assessment of the aspects "test content" and "relation to other characteristics". Based on the findings, the theoretically postulated assumptions regarding the AI knowledge of (prospective) teachers can be substantiated with empirical evidence.
A matter of power: prospective teachers’ attitudes towards the ethical principles of artificial intelligence use in education
Authors: Guggemos Josef , Schmidt Jacqueline , Happ Roland
Published: June 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education holds potential for improving learning processes. However, ethical aspects surrounding AI implementation have to be considered. This study explores prospective teachers’ attitudes (as a sum of beliefs) towards the ethical principles of AI use in education, namely, transparency, justice and fairness, non-maleficence and well-being, responsibility, privacy, autonomy, and power over people. The sample comprises 90 prospective teachers from vocational education and training. The results indicate that our measurement model for assessing teachers’ attitudes towards the ethical principles of AI use is reliable and valid. Latent profile analysis reveals three distinct profiles of prospective teachers with a different attitude structure. The teachers mainly differ in their belief whether AI should be allowed to exert hard power over teachers and students. We cannot find any association between profile membership and context variables, e. g., gender. The results have implications for the process of integrating AI in education and the development of instructional measures tailored to specific attitude profiles.
Electronic didactic assistance (EDDA) for lesson planning based on artificial intelligence: functionality, areas of application and research perspectives
Authors: Pargmann Julia , Leube Anna , Berding Florian , Riebenbauer Elisabeth , Rebmann Karin , Slopinski Andreas , Gillert Michael
Published: June 2024

The use of AI systems is rapidly gaining importance both in the professional world and in vocational education and training. As a result, (prospective) teachers are required to take a closer look at AI and its application for teaching and learning processes. This article focuses on the potential of AI to assist teachers in designing lessons based on the fundamentals and functions of AI. We explore the question of how an AI-based learning platform can be designed to help develop lesson planning skills. The AI platform EDDA will be presented, which can be used to analyze lesson plans and materials during studies, in the preparatory service and in teaching practice. EDDA provides feedback on the implementation of selected didactic criteria of lesson planning and provides information for reflection and further development of lesson plans. EDDA also provides an infrastructure for further research into teaching and learning with AI.
Analisis Kesalahan Bahasa Pada Pemasaran Produk di Market Place Facebook
Authors: La Ode Muhammad Idrus Hamid B  , Miftahulkhairah Anwar  , , Muhammad Kamal bin Abdul Hakim
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kesalahan bahasa yang terjadi dalam pemasaran produk di Marketplace Facebook dengan fokus pada tataran morfologi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan konten analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, selain masalah singkatan, kesalahan penulisan kata juga menjadi perhatian utama. Beberapa akun marketplace cenderung membuat kesalahan dalam penempatan huruf atau penulisan kata, yang dapat mengakibatkan ketidakjelasan pesan yang disampaikan. Kesalahan semacam ini dapat mengubah makna kalimat dan menyulitkan konsumen untuk memahami informasi yang diberikan. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi praktisi pemasaran dalam meningkatkan kualitas komunikasi mereka di platform Marketplace Facebook.
La bibliometría en las revistas científicas. Análisis de Culturales
Authors: Colmenares-Díaz Zicri , Iménez-Yáñez César J
Published: June 2024

Este artículo es un estudio de caso de una revista científica de ciencias sociales. Es un trabajo documental, descriptivo y empírico, basado en el análisis de indicadores y elementos bibliométricos basados ​​en la historia de la revista Culturales durante dos períodos: del 2011 al 2016 (periódico impreso) y del 2017 al 2022 (publicación electrónica y continua). En este caso, la bibliometría proporciona herramientas fundamentales para el análisis de diferentes aspectos estructurales de las revistas científicas. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 19 números con un total de 156 artículos publicados. Los resultados mostraron que, al cambiar la versión impresa a digital, aumentó la visibilidad de la revista y de los artículos en otros continentes, especialmente por el ingreso a la base de datos Scopus, se redujo el tiempo de publicación y creció la exogeneidad de las publicaciones.
Semiótica de bolsillo para estudiantes de las escuelas de comunicación social
Authors: Hernández Díaz Gustavo
Published: June 2024

En este segundo artículo de la serie "Pensamiento divulgativo de la comunicación", dirigido a estudiantes de las escuelas de comunicación social, especialmente de las asignaturas de teoría y sociología de la comunicación, exploraremos la semiótica de la comunicación desde una perspectiva introductoria. Abordaremos aspectos generales de la semiología europea creada por Ferdinand de Saussure y Roland Barthes,  así como de la semiótica anglosajona establecida por Charles S. Peirce y desarrollada por Charles Morris. Estos enfoques proporcionan herramientas para comprender la naturaleza de los signos y su papel en la comunicación interpersonal, masiva y digital.
Comparative analysis of the microbiota of prostate secretion in patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis of categories IIIa and IIIb
Authors:   RUDN University. Russia, Moscow, Faniev M.V. , Prokopiev Ya.V. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy. Kazan, Russia, Faustova K.V. , Kadyrov Z.A. , Vodolazhsky D.I. , Markelova M.I. , Husnutdinova D.R. ,   Crimean Federal University. Simferopol, Russia,   Kazan Federal University. Kazan, Russia, Grigoryeva T.V. , Cherepnev G.V.
Published: June 2024

Aim. To determine the role of taxonomic bacterial diversity of the urethral and testicular microbiota in the development of male infertility using high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS). Material and methods. In the period between 2018 and 2022 we examined 53 patients. Three study groups were formed: Infertile patients with nonobstructive azoospermia and concomitant varicocele (n = 13) – group 1; Infertile patients with obstructive azoospermia (n = 29) – group 2; Fertile patients with confirmed paternity and testicular pathology requiring histological verification to exclude testicular oncopathology (n = 11) – group 3. Each patient underwent TESE with testicular both and urethral tissue sampling in order to compare the bacterial landscape and control the purity of the method. The obtained material was sequenced using a high-throughput method (NGS). Results. According to our findings, the testicular tissue of obstructive azoospermia patients had significantly depleted bacterial diversity in comparison to nonobstructive azoospermia and concomitant varicocele ones. Also, the fertile group turned out to be the most diverse in its taxonomic community. These results may suggest the bacterial microbiome’s influence on men’s reproductive health. Discussion. Our urogenital bacterial diversity analysis showed that human testicular tissue is not a microbiologically sterile environment and also presented new data associated with testicular tissue and its possible relations with male infertility. Conclusion. A focus on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the testicular microbial community may form the new basis in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility associated with various types of azoospermia
Is platelet-rich plasma and extracorporeal shock wave therapy a new frontier in treating patients with erectile dysfunction?
Authors:   RUDN University, Epifanova M.V. ,   6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation, Kostin A.A. , Artemenko S.A. ,   FSBEI HE “ROSUNIMED” OF MOH OF RUSSIA; 4 Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow 127006, Russian Federation, Epifanov A.A.
Published: June 2024

Background. Existing methods for treating erectile dysfunction (ED) do not always provide the necessary therapeutic effect and/or may not be recommended for certain patients. Aim. Evaluate the effectiveness of correcting erectile dysfunction using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT). Material and methods. 100 men were randomly assigned to 3 groups. Group 1 (n=20) received ESWT treatment on the penis twice a week for 6 weeks. Group 2 (n=40) and Group 3 (n=40) had two visits per week for 6 weeks, involving both ESWT and PRP injections into the penis. In Group 2, PRP activation was performed using ESWT, while in Group 3, it was done using a 10% solution of CaCl2. Patients were evaluated at 0 and 60 days of the study, assessing IIEF-5, SEP, EHS, GAQ, blood testosterone levels, and penile Doppler ultrasound with PGE1. Results. In group 1 IIEF-5 improved from 14.5 (10.5-17) to 19.5 (15.5-21) (СЂ<0.05). SEP changed from 2 (1-2) to 3 (2-4) (СЂ<0.05). EHS improved from 1.5 (1-2) to 3 (2.5-3) (СЂ<0.05). Baseline PSV was 16.3 cm/s (12.2-22.7), at 60 days post ESWT was 24 cm/s (19.4-26.8) (СЂ<0.05) and RI changed from 0.7 (0.7-0.9) to 0.9 (0.8-1) according D-PDU (СЂ<0.05). 14 patients (70 %) noted positive dynamics by GAQ at the last exam. In group 2 IIEF-5 was 13 (11-15) at 0 days, 18 (16-20) at 60 day (СЂ<0.05). SEP improved from 2 (1.5-2) to 3 (3-4) (СЂ<0.05). EHS changed from 2 (1-2) to 3 (2-3) (СЂ<0.05). D-PDU results demonstrated increase median PSV 15.6 cm/s (12.1-22.8) to 27 cm/s (20.6-33.5) (СЂ<0.05) and median RI from 0.8 (0.7-1) to 1 (0.8-1) (СЂ=0.02). 34 men declared positive effects according to GAQ (85 %) In group 3 IIEF-5 results improved from 13 (9-15) to 18.5 (15-20.5) (СЂ<0.05). SEP improved from 2 (1-2) to 3 (3-4) (СЂ<0.05). EHS changed from 1 (1-2) to 3 (3-3) (СЂ<0.05). PSV increased from 17 cm/s (10.3-25) to 27.8 cm/s (20-36.6) (СЂ<0.05). RI improved from 0.8 (0.7-0.9) to 0.9 (0.8-1) (СЂ=0.005). 33 patients respond to an improvement of erectile functions (82.5 %) by GAQ. Conclusion. All treatment methods were well-tolerated by all patients. The study results indicate a positive trend in improving erectile function and increasing total testosterone levels in the blood. When comparing groups, combination therapy significantly improves erectile function according to SEP, EHS, and penile Doppler ultrasound assessments. ESWT can be suggested as an activator for PRP
The state of erectile and reproductive functions in young men who have undergone COVID-19
Authors:   Republican Multidisciplinary Medical Center, South Ossetia, Beroeva M.R. , Mkrtumyan A.M. ,   Russian University of Medicine,   A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Center
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The negative consequences of the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus are being actively studied nowadays. It is known that the new coronavirus infection aggressively affects not only the organs of the respiratory system, but also the male reproductive system through binding to the ACE-2 receptor on the surface of cells of reproductive organs. The purpose of the study: to identify the impact of the virus on erectile and reproductive functions in young men of childbearing age 20–45 years who have undergone a new coronavirus infection. Material and methods. The study included 75 men of reproductive age 20–45 years who had undergone COVID-19. During the period of COVID-19 disease and 12 weeks after recovery, the study participants completed a questionnaire to assess erectile function "International Index of Erectile Function" (ICEF-5). The men underwent a blood test for hormones: luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), the ratio of FSH to LH (FSH/LH), testosterone total, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), T4 free, prostate specific antigen total (PSA total). The analysis of the ejaculate of 29 study participants was also carried out during the illness and 12 weeks after the recovery from COVID-19. Results. When processing the ICEF-5 questionnaire data, erectile dysfunction was detected in 81% of cases, p < 0,01 during the illness, after coronavirus infection, sexual disorders persisted in 44% of cases, p < 0,01. A study of the hormonal status in 80% of men during the COVID-19 disease revealed a significant decrease in the level of total testosterone, p < 0,01, which remained reduced in 64% of men 12 weeks after recovery, p < 0,01. According to the results of 29 spermograms, 42% of the study participants during the COVID-19 disease had oligospermia, p < 0,01, in 44% of cases oligozoospermia was noted, p<0,01. After recovery, there was a decrease in the volume of ejaculate, the concentration of spermatozoa remained in 17% of cases, p < 0,01.
Comparative analysis of the microbiota of prostate secretion in patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis of categories IIIa and IIIb
Authors:   RUDN University. Russia, Moscow, Kadyrov Z.A. , Faniev M.V. , Ramishvili Sh. V. , Stepanov V.S. , Ignatiev A.V. , Mashaneishvili Sh.G.
Published: June 2024

Numerous studies have established that chronic prostatitis/ chronic pelvic pain syndrome ( CP/CPPS) is the focus of attention of the global medical community, because it is the most common type of disease, the treatment of which has largely unsatisfactory results. Purpose of the work: to conduct a comparative analysis of the microbiota of prostate secretions in patients with CP/CPPS IIIa and IIIb using mass spectrometry of microbial markers (MSMM). Material and methods. A prospective comparative study was conducted from 2018 to 2023 at the SM-Clinic medical center. 205 patients with prostatitis-like symptoms and 70 males who applied for a screening examination with no complaints at the age of 25 to 50 years were selected. The subjects were divided into three groups: group 1 – patients with CP/CPPS category IIIa, group 2 ( n = 85) patients with CP/CPPS category IIIb with clinical manifestations of chronic prostatitis and group 3 ( n = 70) – without clinical manifestations prostatitis/control group. A study of the microbiota of prostate secretions was carried out using gas chromatograph mass spectrometer "Maestro" (LLC "Interlab", Russia). Results. The results of statistical analysis showed that the level of cocci and bacilli, anaerobes, actinobacteria, fungi and yeasts, as well as total viruses in patients with CP/CPPS IIIa, compared with patients with CP/CPPS IIIb and the control group, was significantly higher ( p = 0.0020 ; p < 0.0001; p < 0.0001; p = 0.0254; p = 0.0254). It was revealed that in patients with CP/CPPS IIIa, compared with patients with CP/CPPS IIIb and healthy people, there was a significant increase in the total load of cocci and bacilli, anaerobes, actinobacteria, fungi and yeasts, as well as total viruses . When analyzing the relationship between the absolute number of microorganisms, it was revealed that an increase in the level of many microorganisms is associated with an increase in the probability of detecting a leukocyte level ≥10. An analysis of the relationship between the occurrence of individual microorganisms and leukocyte values in prostate secretions ≥10 showed that an increase in the indicators of many microorganisms, compared with the control group, increased the chances of having a leukocyte level ≥10 several times. Conclusion. Identification of microbial associations in prostate secretions using the MSMM method and an increase in the total load of microorganisms in patients with CP/CPPS IIIa, compared with CP/CPPS IIIa and the control group, suggests the role of infection in a certain part of patients with CP/CPPS IIIa, which dictates the need to change the view of the urologist in the diagnosis and treatment strategy of these patients
Hubungan Tingkat Stres Pengobatan Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di Puskesmas Kota Kediri
Authors: Farida Umul , Fajriyah Shofiatul , Kusuma Ayu , Prameswari Adisty Berlia
Published: June 2024

Diabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit autoimun dimana terdapat gangguan metabolisme tubuh kronis ditandai dengan fungsi insulin yang tidak mencukupi, berakibat pada meningkatnya kadar gula darah serta gangguan metabolisme dari karbohidrat, lipid, dan protein. Komplikasi dan kompleksnya penanganan yang dialami pasien dapat mempengaruhi status psikologis pasien. Salah satu hal yang bisa muncul adalah stres. Pada tahun 2021, 537 juta orang di seluruh dunia hidup dengan diabetes. Prevalensi diabetes di Indonesia adalah 2%. Pada 2019, jumlah penderita diabetes di Kota Kediri mencapai 9.435. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui gambaran dan hubungan antara tingkat stres pengobatan dan kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes di Puskesmas Kota Kediri dengan menggunakan metode observasi analitik dan cross sectional. Data dikumpulkan secara prospektif menggunakan alat bantu pengambilan data berupa kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling jenis quota sampling. Dengan menggunakan SPSS25 untuk menganalisis data, ditemukan bahwa 7 orang (8%) memiliki tingkat stres berat, 41 orang (47,2%) memiliki tingkat stres sedang, 39 orang (44,8%) tidak memiliki tingkat stres, dan 25 orang memiliki darah buruk. kadar gula darah (28,7%), 26 orang (29,9%) dengan kadar gula darah sedang dan 36 orang (41,4%) dengan kadar gula darah baik. Uji korelasi Spearman rho rank memberikan nilai signifikansi P-value 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,76 dari hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa antara 2 variabel yang diteliti memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan tingkat korelasi hubungan yang kuat.
The problem of application of simulation methods and teaching tools in the educational process of higher education institutions
Authors: Khmelnytska Olena , Tkachenko Larysa
Published: June 2024

Modern professional training of teachers requires the introduction of innovative technologies, in particular simulation technologies, which emphasize interactivity, creativity and the use of information and communication methods. These technologies are aimed at preparing for practical activities, developing critical thinking and gaining experience through the simulation of pedagogical situations.The purpose of the study was to analyze the features of the application of simulation methods and tools in the educational process of a higher school. The methods of analysis included the analysis of literary sources, the study of the practice of using simulation methods and teaching aids in the educational process, and questionnaires and surveys among students and teachers. Simulation methods and learning tools contribute to the development of critical thinking, interpersonal skills and the ability to adapt to different professional situations.The results of the study indicate the importance and effectiveness of the use of simulation technologies in the educational process of higher education institutions, which makes it possible to make the learning process interesting, visual and practical and to build it on the basis of activity and competence approaches. However, technical limitations and lack of training of teachers to use simulation methods and tools in the educational process are the main factors that complicate the implementation of simulation technologies in the educational process. Taking into account the potential advantages of the studied methods, the effectiveness of the application of simulation methods and training tools as a tool for improving the quality of professional training of future specialists has been proven. The practical significance of the work is that the results of the study can be used during the organization of the educational process of students of pedagogical specialties of higher education institutions, updating the methodological and practical component in the teaching of educational components