bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Komunikasi dalam pemberian informasi obat
Authors: Antari Ni Putu Udayana , Megawati Fitria , Agustini Ni Putu Dewi , Mendra Ni Nyoman Yudianti , Suena Ni Made Dharma Shantini
Published: September 2024

Banyak penelitian menunjukkan terbatasnya informasi yang diberikan kepada pasien saat penyerahan obat di Apotek. Untuk itu perlu diadakan sosialisasi mengenai metode-metode komunikasi yang dapat digunakan untuk memberikan informasi obat agar komunikasi dapat berjalan efektif dan efisien waktu. Pengabdian dilaksanakan menggunakan metode CBPR (Community-Based Participatory Research) dengan melibatkan ApotekKu sebagai salah satu apotek jaringan untuk memberikan pengaruh yang lebih luas bagi masyarakat. Peserta adalah tenaga kefarmasian di seluruh jaringan ApotekKu. Peserta diberikan sosialisasi mengenai pentingnya pemberian informasi obat sesuai dengan standar yang berlaku dan beberapa teknik komunikasi yang dapat diterapkan dalam pelayanan di apotek. Untuk membantu penyampaian informasi kepada pasien, apotek mitra dibantu dengan penyediaan media pemberian informasi obat berupa video dan buku. Sosialisasi dihadiri oleh 100 peserta, analisis pre-test dan post-test peserta sosialisasi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan pada indikator pemberian informasi obat (p-value <0,001) maupun pada indikator teknik komunikasi (p-value = 0,032) menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Kegiatan pelatihan yang berkesinambungan perlu dilaksanakan untuk melanjutkan materi yang telah disampaikan.
Peningkatan pemasaran produk UMKM melalui pemanfaatan marketplace tokopedia dan facebook
Authors: Muflikhah Lailil , Widodo Agus Wahyu , Rahman Muh. Arif , Yudistira Novanto
Published: September 2024

Salah satu bentuk usaha yang merupakan potensi desa dan mendapat dukungan dari pemerintah adalah Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM). Namun, adanya keterbatasan dalam hal pemasaran menjadikan tidak nampaknya produk asli masyarakat setempat. Pentingnya dilakukan program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat. Pada program ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemasaran produk UMKM melalui pemanfaatan platform marketplace Tokopedia dan media sosial Facebook. Metode pengabdian masyarakat yang digunakan meliputi sosialisasi, pelatihan, dan pendampingan langsung kepada para pelaku UMKM di wilayah target. Tokopedia, digunakan sebagai marketplace toko online, sedangkan untuk Facebook sebagai sarana pengiklanan produk. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman mengenai pentingnya digital marketing, serta keterampilan praktis dalam membuat dan mengelola akun di Tokopedia dan Facebook. Hasil dari program ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan dalam pemahaman dan kemampuan peserta dalam menggunakan kedua platform tersebut. Selain itu, terdapat peningkatan penjualan dan jangkauan pasar produk UMKM setelah program berjalan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa pemanfaatan marketplace Tokopedia dan media sosial Facebook secara efektif dapat membantu pelaku UMKM dalam meningkatkan pemasaran dan penjualan produk mereka, yang pada gilirannya dapat mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi lokal.
Penguatan kapasitas relawan penanggulangan bencana melalui edukasi emergency first aid
Authors: Suarniati Sitti , Anna. AS A. Nur , Padad A. Tenri , Hasanuddin Fitria
Published: September 2024

Bencana yang telah terjadi di Indonesia menyebabkan banyak korban meninggal maupun luka-luka. Relawan bencana telah menjadi bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari upaya penanggulangan bencana di Indonesia. Relawan Muhammadiyah Disaster Manajemen Centre (MDMC) merupakan salah satu organisasi relawan penanggulangan bencana yang telah banyak berkiprah dalam kegiatan penanggulangan bencana di Indonesia sehingga sangat penting meningkatkan kapasitas relawan dalam melakukan pertolongan pertama pada korban bencana yang mengalami kondisi kegawatdaruratan agar korban bencana terhindar dari kematian dan kecacatan melalui kegiatan pemberian edukasi dan pelatihan emergency first aid. Kegiatan ini telah dilaksanakan pada Tanggal 27 April 2024 di Gedung Pusat Dakwah Muhammadiyah Kabupaten Gowa yang diikuti oleh 20 relawan MDMC dengan tahapan identifikasi pengetahuan awal tentang emergency first aid, pemberian materi, simulasi dan praktek mandiri serta evaluasi pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa setelah pemberian edukasi dan pelatihan, 100% peserta memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, 50% memiliki keterampilan yang cukup dan 50% memiliki keterampilan yang baik. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta mengenai emergency first aid setelah pemberian edukasi dan pelatihan. Kegiatan Pengabdian ini diharapkan dapat dilanjutkan pada relawan MDMC di berbagai wilayah di indonesia dan organisasi relawan bencana lainnya yang aktif berespon terhadap penanggulangan bencana di Indonesia.
Pengembangan desa menuju destinasi ecoedu sport tourism: Optimalisasi potensi olahraga tradisional
Authors: Anam Khoiril , Irawan Fajar Awang , Susilowati Nurdian , Muhibbi Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Menurut RPJMDes Muncar tahun 2019-2025, ada 1.104 keluarga miskin sosial dan 313 keluarga yang memiliki Rumah Tidak Layak Huni. Desa Muncar memiliki potensi besar untuk menjadi Ecoedu Sport Tourism, karena memiliki pemandangan pedesaan yang masih asri. Terdapat wisata air river tubing di sungai serang. Selain keindahan alamnya, Desa Muncar memiliki banyak seni dan budaya yang tersebar di berbagai dusun. Selain itu, ada berbagai permainan tradisional yang menjadi kearifan lokal di Desa. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk mendorong pengembangan Desa Muncar menjadi destinasi Ecoedu Sport Tourism dengan mengoptimalkan potensi olahraga tradisional. Metode pelaksanaan Pengabdian ini disusun untuk keberhasilan mengatasi permasalahan mitra. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini yaitu Service Learning. Pada pengabdian ini, tim pengabdi memfokuskan terhadap penanganan permasalahan di sektor pariwisata. Beberapa kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan yaitu: 1) Studi literatur tentang olahraga tradisional sebagai Ecoedu Sport Tourism mengacu analisis SWOT, 2) Pengenalan kembali permainan tradisional bagi anak-anak di Desa Muncar, 3) Sosialisasi dan pelatihan olahraga tradisional, dan 4) Forum Group Discussion (FGD) tentang desa wisata. Hasil yang didapat yaitu 1) Kertas kerja komitmen bersama antar stakeholder Desa Muncar yang ditandatangani & tersusunnya hasil analisis SWOT Desa Muncar, 2) Peningkatan kapasitas pokdarwis dan pengelola wisata dalam mengenal berbagai ragam olahraga tradisional. Tindak lanjut dari pengabdian di tahun pertama ini yaitu akan dilakukannya kegiatan penguatan di sektor promosi wisata Desa Muncar untuk dilaksanakan pengabdian di tahun kedua dari tiga tahun yang direncanakan.
Management of Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Polat Dünya Cansu , Yücesoy Medine
Published: September 2024

Bladder and bowel dysfunctions are common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and negatively affect their quality of life. Bladder dysfunction, which is prevalent in people with MS (PwMS), can impact almost all patients within 10 years after diagnosis. Conservative, medical, and electrical stimulation approaches are used in the treatment of these problems. Bladder dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis can lead to issues such as fluid intake restriction, withdrawal from work life, inability to socialize, and the need for constant use of pads, resulting in a depressive lifestyle. Bowel dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis can manifest as fecal incontinence and/or constipation, which can also negatively affect patients' quality of life. Various approaches are utilized in the management of bladder and bowel dysfunction. Multiple sclerosis nurses play a key role in the multidisciplinary team for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients' bladder and bowel symptoms. Effective nursing care, education, and counseling in the management of these symptoms enhance the comfort of patients with multiple sclerosis. In this review, the bladder and bowel dysfunctions experienced by patients with multiple sclerosis and the management of these problems are discussed in line with current knowledge.
Genetically predicted blood metabolites mediate relationships between gut microbiota and ovarian cancer: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Liang , Cao Tao , Liu Kang , Sun Pengyu , Wang Wenhao , Guo Jiani
Published: September 2024

Background and purpose

While there is evidence that gut microbiota (GM) and blood metabolites are associated with ovarian cancer (OC), the precise mechanisms underlying this relationship are still unclear. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to elucidate the causal connections between GM, blood metabolite biomarkers, and OC.

Methods

In this study, we leveraged summary data for GM (5,959 individuals with genotype-matched GM), blood metabolites (233 circulating metabolic traits with 136,016 participants), and OC (63,702 participants with 23,564 cases and 40,138 controls) from genome-wide association studies (GWASs). We performed MR analysis to explore the causal relationship between GM and OC. Further, we harnessed univariable MR (UVMR) analysis to evaluate the causal associations between GM and circulating metabolites. Finally, we employed a two-step approach based on multivariable MR (MVMR) to evaluate the total genetic prediction effect of metabolites mediating the GM on the risk of OC to discover a potential causal relationship.

Results

In the MR analysis, 24 gut bacteria were causally associated with the pathogenesis of OC, including 10 gut bacteria (Dorea phocaeense, Succinivibrionaceae, Raoultella, Phascolarctobacterium sp003150755, Paenibacillus J, NK4A144, K10, UCG-010 sp003150215, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Planococcaceae) that were risk factors, and 14 gut bacteria (CAG-177 sp002438685, GCA-900066135 sp900066135, Enorma massiliensis, Odoribacter laneus, Ruminococcus E sp003521625, Streptococcus sanguinis, Turicibacter sp001543345, Bacillus velezensis, CAG-977, CyanobacteriaStaphylococcus A fleurettii, Caloranaerobacteraceae, RUG472 sp900319345, and CAG-269 sp001915995) that were protective factors. The UVMR analysis showed that these 24 positive gut bacteria were causally related to lipoproteins, lipids, and amino acids. According to the MVMR analysis, Enorma massiliensis could reduce the risk of OC by raising the total cholesterol to total lipids ratio in large low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and cholesteryl esters to total lipids ratio in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL). Turicibacter sp001543345, however, could reduce the risk of OC by lowering free cholesterol in small high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and increasing the ratios of saturated fatty acids to total fatty acids, total cholesterol to total lipids ratio in very small very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and cholesteryl esters to total lipids ratio in very small VLDL.

Conclusion

The current MR study provides evidence that genetically predicted blood metabolites can mediate relationships between GM and OC.
A lightweight visualization tool for protein unfolding by collision detection and elimination
Authors: Qian Hua , Chen Yu , Jiang Yelu
Published: September 2024

The experiments involving protein denaturation and refolding serve as the foundation for predicting the three-dimensional spatial structures of proteins based on their amino acid sequences. Despite significant progress in protein structure engineering, exemplified by AlphaFold2 and OmegaFold, there remains a gap in understanding the folding pathways of polypeptide chains leading to their final structures. We developed a lightweight tool for protein unfolding visualization called PUV whose graphics design is mainly implemented by OpenGL. PUV leverages principles from molecular biology and physics, and achieves rapid visual dynamics simulation of protein polypeptide chain unfolding through mechanical force and atom-level collision detection and elimination. After a series of experimental validations, we believe that this method can provide essential support for investigating protein folding mechanisms and pathways.
Study on the chain-type failure mechanism of large-scale ancient landslides
Authors: Li Zixuan , Dai Zhenwei , Cheng Shi , Yang Zhe , Zhang Anle , Xiong Qihui
Published: September 2024

Large-scale ancient landslides are widely distributed in Southwest China, yet their reactivation mechanisms remain complex and poorly understood. On 25 July 2020, one such landslide in Liujing Village, Wulong District, Chongqing, China, experienced reactivation. This event exhibited variable movement characteristics across different areas and times, ultimately manifesting as a chain-type failure. Combining field investigations and drilling works, this study describes the fundamental characteristics of the Zhongbao landslide and the variation rules of the seepage field and the stability by numerical simulations. The failure mechanism is preliminarily revealed, and the failure influencing factors are discussed. The results show that, the landslide’s progression was influenced by the stratigraphic lithology and the morphology of the sliding surface, resulting in two distinct turns during its movement. By analyzing the landslide’s spatial morphology, direction of sliding, material composition, extent of the accumulation area, and dynamic behavior, we have categorized the Zhongbao landslide into five principal zones. The failure process can be segmented into four stages: initiation, shear-out, acceleration, and accumulation blockage. Heavy rainfall served as the primary trigger for the landslide, while the microtopography of the sliding surface significantly influenced the failure dynamics. The insights gained from this study offer valuable guidance for understanding the reactivation mechanisms of similar chained ancient landslides in the geologically analogous regions of Southwest China.
Enhancing public dialogue about inclusion in school education: a citizens’ panel pilot
Authors: Norwich Brahm , Webster Rob
Published: September 2024

Introduction

This paper reports on a small-scale Citizens’ Panel pilot project using deliberative democratic methods to produce policy ideas about inclusion in school education of young people with special educational needs and disabilities (SEN/D) in England. The project had two aims: (i) to obtain information about modifying a Citizens’ Panel process to enhance the effective participation of young people with SEN/D; and (ii) to generate more nuanced, grounded and integrated policy ideas about inclusion than can be found in recent English school education policy.

Methods

The Citizens’ Panel was a two phase deliberative process. Phase 1 involved working with six young people with SEN/D and their parents/carers to shape the Citizens’ Panel agenda, and to obtain information about how they could participate and communicate their perspectives during the events. Phase 2 involved the delivery of the Citizens’ Panel itself, which comprised 28 people: the six young people from phase 1, plus four young people without SEN/D, 13 parents/carers, and five education professionals.

Results

The process evaluation revealed the need for and impact of meticulous planning using a differentiated and strengths-based approach to design. While participants reported that taking part in the Citizens’ Panel was overall, a positive and worthwhile experience, the differentiated approach involved trade-offs that affected the experiences of some participants without SEN/D, though not detrimentally. The panel produced distinctive ideas about more inclusive schools, where almost all of the themes were about general school changes for everyone. Most general themes involved some specific SEN/D aspects, with only one theme being SEN/D specific. This paper illustrates how these ideas are more nuanced, grounded and integrated than those in current national policy.

Discussion

This paper provides evidence of how deliberative approaches can be used within and between schools, groups of schools (e.g., multi academy trusts), local networks (including local authorities), as well as at the national level. Lessons drawn show how deliberative methods used by advocacy groups, protest movements and non-governmental organisations in support of more transformational change can be developed in ways that enable young people with SEN/D to participate and have their voices heard.
The short-chain fatty acid receptors Gpr41/43 regulate bone mass by promoting adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Behler-Janbeck Friederike , Baranowsky Anke , Yorgan Timur A. , Jaeckstein Michelle Y. , Worthmann Anna , Fuh Marceline M. , Gunasekaran Karthikeyan , Tiegs Gisa , Amling Michael , Schinke Thorsten , Heeren Joerg
Published: September 2024

Bone is a dynamic tissue that is constantly remodeled throughout adult life. Recently, it has been shown that bone turnover decreases shortly after food consumption. This process has been linked to the fermentation of non-digestible food ingredients such as inulin by gut microbes, which results in the production of the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, propionate and butyrate. SCFAs exert various metabolic functions, which in part can be explained by activation of G protein-coupled receptors (Gpr) 41 and 43. However, the potential relevance of a SCFA-Gpr41/43 signaling axis for bone metabolism has not been established. The aim of our study is to investigate the role of Gpr41/43 in bone metabolism and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. For this purpose, we analyzed the skeletal phenotype of wild type controls (WT) and Gpr41/43 double knockout (Gpr41/43 dKO) mice fed either a chow or an inulin-enriched diet. In addition, we isolated bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells from WT and Gpr41/43 dKO mice and differentiated them into osteoblasts in the absence or presence of acetate. MicroCT scanning of femoral bones of Gpr41/43 dKO mice revealed a significant increase of trabecular bone volume and trabecular compared to WT controls. Treatment of WT bone marrow-derived osteoblasts with acetate resulted in decreased mineralization and substantial downregulation of bone formation markers such as Phex, Ptgs2 and Col1a1. Notably, this effect was strongly attenuated in differentiated osteoblasts lacking Gpr41/43. Inversely, acetate supplementation resulted in higher levels of adipocyte marker genes including Pparg, Lpl and Adipoq in bone marrow-derived cells from WT mice, an effect blunted in differentiated cells isolated from Gpr41/43 dKO mice. Overall, these data indicate that acetate regulates bone architecture via SCFA-Gpr41/43 signaling by modulating the osteogenic versus adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
Analysis of codon usage patterns in complete plastomes of four medicinal Polygonatum species (Asparagaceae)
Authors: Shi Naixing , Yuan Yiwen , Huang Renjie , Wen Guosong
Published: September 2024

Polygonati Rhizoma and Polygonati odorati Rhizoma, known as “Huangjing” and “Yuzhu” in China, are medicinal Polygonatum species resources with top-grade medical and edible properties. The chloroplast (cp) genome has been used to study species diversity, evolution, and breeding of species for applications in genetic engineering. Codon usage bias (CUB), a common and complex natural phenomenon, is essential for studies of codon optimization of exogenous genes, genetic engineering, and molecular evolution. However, the CUB of medicinal Polygonatum species chloroplast genomes has not been systematically studied. In our study, a detailed analysis of CUB was performed in the medicinal Polygonatum species chloroplast genomes. We investigated the codon bias of 204 plastid protein-coding genes (PCGs) in 4 medicinal Polygonatum species using CodonW and CUSP online software. Through the analysis of the codon bias index, we found that the medicinal Polygonatum species chloroplast genomes had weak codon usage bias. In addition, our results also showed a high preference for AT bases in medicinal Polygonatum species chloroplast genomes, and the preference to use AT-ending codons was observed in these species chloroplast genomes. The neutrality plot, ENC plot, PR2-Bias plot, and correspondence analysis showed that compared with mutation pressure, natural selection was the most important factor of CUB. Based on the comparative analysis of high-frequency codons and high expression codons, we also determined the 10-11 optimal codons of investigative medicinal Polygonatum species. Furthermore, the result of RSCU-based cluster analysis showed that the genetic relationship between different medicinal Polygonatum species could be well reflected. This study provided an essential understanding of CUB and evolution in the medicinal Polygonatum species chloroplast genomes.
Circulating extracellular vesicles as novel biomarkers for pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Ding Zhe , Qi Fumin , Liu Li , Wang Zhouming , Zhang Na , Lyu Xing , Sun Wenwen , Du Jun , Song Haoming , Hou Hou , Guo Ying , Wang Xiaomei , Liu Ming-Lin , Wei Wei
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with increased mortality. A prothrombotic state may contribute to pathogenesis of SLE-PAH. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to be associated with thrombosis. Here, we investigated circulating EVs and their associations with SLE-PAH.

Methods

Eighteen SLE-PAH patients, 36 SLE-non-PAH patients, and 36 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Flow cytometry was used to analyze circulating EVs from leukocytes (LEVs), red blood cells (REVs), platelets (PEVs), endothelial cells (EEVs), and Annexin V+ EVs with membrane phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure.

Results

Plasma levels of all EV subgroups were elevated in SLE patients with or without PAH compared to HCs. Furthermore, plasma Annexin V+ EVs, LEVs, PEVs, REVs, EEVs, and Annexin V+ REVs were significantly elevated in SLE-PAH patients compared to SLE-non-PAH patients. Additionally, PAH patients with moderate/high SLE showed a significant increase in LEVs, PEVs, REVs, Annexin V+ EVs, and Annexin V+ REVs compared to SLE-non-PAH patients. However, PAH patients with inactive/mild SLE only exhibited elevations in Annexin V+ EVs, REVs, and Annexin V+ REVs. In the SLE-PAH patients, EEVs were positively correlated with pulmonary arterial systolic pressure, while PEVs and EEVs were positively correlated with right ventricular diameter. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that Annexin V+ EVs, LEVs, PEVs, REVs, EEVs and Annexin V+ REVs could predict the presence of PAH in SLE patients. Importantly, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that circulating levels of LEVs or REVs, anti-nRNP antibody, and serositis were independent risk factors for PAH in SLE patients.

Discussion

Findings reveal that specific subgroups of circulating EVs contribute to the hypercoagulation state and the severity of SLE-PAH. Higher plasma levels of LEVs or REVs may serve as biomarkers for SLE-PAH.
Cajal’s contributions to vestibular research
Authors: Espinosa-Sanchez Juan M. , Perez-Fernandez Nicolas , de Castro Fernando , Batuecas-Caletrio Angel
Published: September 2024

The Spanish neurohistologist Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934) is widely regarded as the father of modern Neuroscience. In addition to identifying the individuality of cells in the nervous system (the neuron theory) or the direction followed by nerve impulses (the principle of dynamic polarization), he described numerous details regarding the organization of the different structures of the nervous system. This task was compiled in his magnum opus, “Textura del Sistema Nervioso del Hombre y los Vertebrados,” first published in Spanish between 1899 and 1904, and later revised and updated in French as “Histologie du système nerveux de l’homme et des vertébrés” between 1909 and 1911 for wider distribution among the international scientific community. Some of Cajal’s findings are fundamental to our understanding of the anatomy and histology of the vestibular system. He depicted the nerve endings in the sensory epithelia, the structure of the vestibular nerve and Scarpa ganglion, afferent vestibular fibers, vestibular nuclei, lateral vestibulospinal tract, vestibulocerebellar connections, and the fine structure of the cerebellum. However, most of these pioneering descriptions were published years earlier in Spanish journals with limited circulation. Our study aimed to gather Cajal’s findings on the vestibular system and identify his original publications. After this endeavor, we claim a place for Cajal among the founders of anatomy and histology of the vestibular system.
The efficacy and safety of isotonic and hypotonic fluids in intravenous maintenance fluid therapy in term newborns: national multicenter observational “neofluid” study
Authors: Ozkan Hasan , Duman Nuray , Tuzun Funda , Narter Fatma , Akyildiz Can , Altuncu Emel , Satar Mehmet , Ozdemir Mustafa , Kurt Abdullah , Tugcu Ali U. , Konak Murat , Uygun Saime Sundus , Yilmaz Semerci Seda , Dikmen Rahime T. , Baysal Bora , Zeybek Cemile K. , Kostekci Yasemin Ezgi , Sahin Suzan , Tutal Merve , Anik Ayse , Buyuktiryaki Mehmet , Karagol Belma S. , Tunç Gaffari , Colak Derya , Cetin Hasan , Orman Aysen , Olukman Ozgur , Deveci Mehmet Fatih , Sarici Dilek , Cakir Salih C. , Keskinoglu Pembe
Published: September 2024

Objective

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of isotonic and hypotonic intravenous fluids in maintenance fluid therapy for term infants.

Methods

This was a multi-centre, prospective, observational study conducted in 21 participating centres from December 30, 2020, to June 30, 2023. The study included term newborns requiring parenteral fluid therapy for maintenance (NCT04781361). The fluid treatment was divided into two groups based on the concentration of sodium in the parenteral fluid, designated as hypotonic (NaCl <130 mmol/L) and isotonic (NaCl = 130–154 mmol/L). The primary outcomes were the change in mean plasma sodium (pNa) levels per hour (∆pNa mmol/L/h), the incidence of hyponatremia (pNa <135 mmol/L) and hypernatremia (pNa >145 mmol/L), and the occurrence of clinically significant changes in sodium levels (∆pNa >0.5 mmol/L/h).

Results

A total of 420 patients from 21 centers were included. The ∆pNa was negative in the hypotonic fluid group and positive in the isotonic fluid group, with a significant difference between the groups [respectively −0.07 ± 0.03 (95% CI: −0.13 to −0.02); 0.04 ± 0.03 (95%CI: −0.02 to 0.09), p = 0.04]. There was no difference between the groups in terms of the development of hypernatremia or a clinically meaningful pNa increase. The hypotonic fluid group had a higher incidence of hyponatremia and a clinically meaningful sodium decrease compared to the isotonic fluid group [7.9% vs. 1.2% (OR:6.5, p:0.03)] and [12.2% vs.4.2% (OR:2.9, p = 0.03)].

Conclusion

Contrary to current understanding, this large-scale study is the first to demonstrate that the use of hypotonic fluids in maintenance fluid therapy for newborns poses a risk of hyponatremia development, whereas isotonic fluid therapy appears safe.
Preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer patients via an intratumoral and peritumoral multiparameter MRI radiomics nomogram
Authors: Yan Bin , Zhao Tingting , Deng Ying , Zhang Yili
Published: September 2024

Introduction

While lymph node metastasis (LNM) plays a critical role in determining treatment options for endometrial cancer (EC) patients, the existing preoperative methods for evaluating the lymph node state are not always satisfactory. This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram based on intra- and peritumoral radiomics features and multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features to preoperatively predict LNM in EC patients.

Methods

Three hundred and seventy-four women with histologically confirmed EC were divided into training (n = 220), test (n = 94), and independent validation (n = 60) cohorts. Radiomic features were extracted from intra- and peritumoral regions via axial T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping. A radiomics model (annotated as the Radscore) was established using the selected features from different regions. The clinical parameters were statistically analyzed. A nomogram was developed by combining the Radscore and the most predictive clinical parameters. Decision curve analysis (DCA) and the net reclassification index (NRI) were used to assess the clinical benefit of using the nomogram.

Results

Nine radiomics features were ultimately selected from the intra- and peritumoral regions via ADC mapping and T2WI. The nomogram combining the Radscore, serum CA125 level, and tumor area ratio achieved the highest AUCs in the training, test and independent validation sets (nomogram vs. Radscore vs. clinical model: 0.878 vs. 0.850 vs. 0.674 (training), 0.877 vs. 0.838 vs. 0.668 (test), and 0.864 vs. 0.836 vs. 0.618 (independent validation)). The DCA and NRI results revealed the nomogram had greater diagnostic performance and net clinical benefits than the Radscore alone.

Conclusion

The combined intra- and peritumoral region multiparameter MRI radiomics nomogram showed good diagnostic performance and could be used to preoperatively predict LNM in patients with EC.
Physical activity and sedentary behavior among ambulatory children with cerebral palsy using accelerometer: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alamoudi Njoud Aydhah , Algabbani Maha F. , Al-Heizan Muhammad O. , Alhusaini Adel A.
Published: September 2024

Background and objective

Physical activity (PA) is paramount for childhood development and growth. However, children diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy (CP) were often considered sedentary, and their physical inactivity was associated with adverse health conditions and complications. Therefore, this study aimed to objectively describe and compare the PA levels and SB levels of children with and without CP of the same age group. It also studied the factors correlating with PA, SB, and step count per day in children with CP.

Subjects and methods

A cross-sectional study using a wrist-worn accelerometer was conducted. PA and SB were measured over seven consecutive days.

Results

Eighty-five children aged 6–12 years, consisting of 41 children with CP and 44 TD children, participated in this study with a mean age of 9.18 ± 1.95 and 8.45 ± 1.78 years, respectively. According to the gross functional measures, 53.6% of children with CP were classified as first classification. A significant amount of time was spent in SB and Light PA (LPA) by children with CP compared to TD children, and no significant differences were observed in moderate PA (MPA) or step count. Gender mainly affected MPA as girls spent more time in MPA than boys. The age, height, and weight of children with CP correlate significantly with SB. As children's age, height, and weight increase, SB increases. Additionally, children with higher weights have lower step counts per day.

Conclusion

This study showed that children with CP spend more time in LPA and SB than typically developed children. Therefore, concerted efforts are needed to encourage physical activity and reduce the sedentary lifestyle, to take into account the gender and anthropometric measures of children to enhance the quality of life among children with CP, and to consider gender and anthropometric measures of the children.
Predictive relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and psychological distress in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: McMahon Jennifer , Dowling Katherine , Gallagher Elaine , Donnellan Alanna , Houghton Sharon , Ryan Megan , O’Connor Cliodhnad , Walsh Eibhlín
Published: September 2024

COVID-19 was a novel stressor that gave rise to pandemic related anxiety and increased the risk of mental health issues, particularly in youth. It is important to understand how such events contribute to psychological distress in young people to adequately intervene in the aftermath and to plan for future similar events. Using cross-sectional data from the CoSPACE Ireland study dataset this paper reports on the predictive relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and psychological distress for Irish adolescents (N = 314, M = 14.05, SD = 2.7, 11–18 years), while controlling for other influencing factors across multiple levels of a bioecological systems approach. Covariates were age, gender, ethnicity, social economic status, Peer Support, School Support and Parent–Child Closeness. Findings indicate that COVID-19 anxiety was a significant predictor of adolescents’ psychological distress. Specifically, Consequence Anxiety (worries about the indirect consequences of COVID-19) was found to be a predictor of adolescents’ psychological distress rather than Disease Anxiety (worries about the COVID-19 virus itself). Individual factors (e.g., age, ethnicity, special educational needs) and microsystem factors (e.g., parent child closeness, peer support) were also found to impact on adolescents’ levels of psychological distress. A significant moderation analysis revealed that greater parent–child closeness reduced the strength of the positive association between Consequence Anxiety and psychological distress. These findings suggest that strategies to alleviate adolescents’ psychological distress during pandemics should focus on reducing pandemic-related anxiety, specifically Consequence Anxiety. A multisystemic approach is also recommended to reduce the negative mental health impacts of the pandemic on adolescents.
Which ERP components are effective in measuring cognitive load in multimedia learning? A meta-analysis based on relevant studies
Authors: Yu Shuyu , Tian Lianghao , Wang Guohua , Nie Shengxin
Published: September 2024

The open and generative nature of multimedia learning environments tends to cause cognitive overload in learners, and cognitive load is difficult for researchers to observe objectively because of its implicit and complex nature. Event-related potentials (ERP), a method of studying potential changes associated with specific events or stimuli by recording the electroencephalogram (EEG), has become an important method of measuring cognitive load in cognitive psychology. Although many studies have relied on ERP output measurements to compare different levels of cognitive load in multimedia learning, the results of the effect of cognitive load on ERP have been inconsistent. In this study, we used a meta-analysis of evidence-based research to quantitatively analyze 17 experimental studies to quantitatively evaluate which ERP component (amplitude) is most sensitive to cognitive load. Forty five effect sizes from 26 studies involving 360 participants were calculated. (1) The results of the studies analyzed in subgroups indicated high level effect sizes for P300 and P200 (2) Analyses of moderating variables for signal acquisition did not find that different methods of signal acquisition had a significant effect on the measurement of cognitive load (3) Analyses of moderating variables for task design found that a task system with feedback was more convenient for the measurement of cognitive load, and that designing for 3 levels of cognitive load was more convenient for the measurement of cognitive load than for 2 levels of cognitive load. (4) Analyses of continuous moderating variables for subject characteristics did not find significant effects of age, gender, or sample size on the results.
Neocolonialism and science diplomacy: personal reflections from the Middle East on mental health policy and practice
Authors: Dabbagh Nadia Taysir
Published: September 2024

Neocolonialism has led to an imbalance in the production of knowledge and a clunky imposition of frameworks and models of practice that do not meet the needs of local communities. In contrast they can serve the central function of colonialism by draining valuable resources. Inequity of science diplomacy has diluted local voices and given precedence to colonialist knowledge and models of practice. It is argued that clinical, training and research excellence applies to those activities that meet and fulfil the clinical, training and research needs of the community in which they are embedded. Through personal reflection on contrasting Middle Eastern settings (Palestine and the UAE), the call is for the source of knowledge production and the driver for innovation to be daily clinical experiences listening to families in the community. This will result in policy and practices that are meaningful and impactful as illustrated by way of three examples: (1) a narrative approach to exploring suicide (2) an “all-hands-on-deck” clinical pathway for Autism assessments which transformed the lives of children and families with little additional resource, but with a fundamental shift in approach from “top down” to “bottom up” one as part of an organization-wide “Patient First” approach and (3) a rights-based, collective approach to developing mental health strategy. These examples are linked in terms of taking a shared “listening approach” but are applied to different levels moving from personal individual narratives to community clinical service to national strategy.
High-Risk HLA-DQ Mismatches Are Associated With Adverse Outcomes After Lung Transplantation
Authors: Kleid Lisa , Walter Julia , Moehnle Patrick , Wichmann Christian , Kovács Julia , Humpe Andreas , Schneider Christian , Michel Sebastian , Kneidinger Nikolaus , Irlbeck Michael , Fertmann Jan , Dick Andrea , Kauke Teresa
Published: September 2024

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatches (MM) between donor and recipient lead to eplet MM (epMM) in lung transplantation (LTX), which can induce the development of de-novo donor-specific HLA-antibodies (dnDSA), particularly HLA-DQ-dnDSA. Aim of our study was to identify risk factors for HLA-DQ-dnDSA development. We included all patients undergoing LTX between 2012 and 2020. All recipients/donors were typed for HLA 11-loci. Development of dnDSA was monitored 1-year post-LTX. EpMM were calculated using HLAMatchmaker. Differences in proportions and means were compared using Chi2-test and Students’ t-test. We used Kaplan-Meier curves with LogRank test and multivariate Cox regression to compare acute cellular rejection (ACR), chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) and survival. Out of 183 patients, 22.9% patients developed HLA-DQ-dnDSA. HLA-DQ-homozygous patients were more likely to develop HLA-DQ-dnDSA than HLA-DQ-heterozygous patients (p = 0.03). Patients homozygous for HLA-DQ1 appeared to have a higher risk of developing HLA-DQ-dnDSA if they received a donor with HLA-DQB1*03:01. Several DQ-eplets were significantly associated with HLA-DQ-dnDSA development. In the multivariate analysis HLA-DQ-dnDSA was significantly associated with ACR (p = 0.03) and CLAD (p = 0.01). HLA-DQ-homozygosity, several high-risk DQ combinations and high-risk epMM result in a higher risk for HLA-DQ-dnDSA development which negatively impact clinical outcomes. Implementation in clinical practice could improve immunological compatibility and graft outcomes.
Okanin Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis and Pyroptosis in Oral Cancer
Authors: Chia Wei-Tso , Chen Kuei-Yuan , Yang Cheng-Yu , Hsieh Cheng-Chih , Tsao Chang-Huei , Lin Chih-Kung , Peng Bo , Ho Sien-Lin , Chen Yi-Ling , Chang Szu-Chien , Chen Yuan-Wu
Published: September 2024

Background: Okanin, a flavonoid compound derived from Bidens pilosa L., has garnered attention for its anti-inflammatory properties. Although Bidens pilosa is commonly used in healthcare products and functional foods, the anticancer potential of okanin, particularly in oral cancer, remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the effects of okanin on oral cancer cell lines and its potential as a therapeutic agent. Methods: The study involved assessing the cytotoxic effects of okanin on oral cancer cell lines SAS, SCC25, HSC3, and OEC-M1. The IC50 values were determined using methylene blue assays, and the clonogenic capacity was evaluated through colony formation assays. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Caspase-3/7 activity assays and annexin V/7-AAD staining confirmed the induction of apoptosis and pyroptosis. In vivo efficacy was assessed using a SAS xenograft model, and immunohistochemical analysis of xenograft tissue was performed to examine pyroptosis-related markers. Results: Okanin exhibited potent cytotoxic effects with IC50 values of 12.0 ± 0.8, 58.9 ± 18.7, 18.1 ± 5.3, and 43.2 ± 6.2 μM in SAS, SCC25, HSC3, and OEC-M1 cells, respectively. It caused dose- and time-dependent reductions in cell viability and significantly impaired clonogenic capacity. Flow cytometry revealed G2/M cell cycle arrest and increased sub-G1 population, indicating cell cycle disruption and death. Okanin induced both apoptosis and pyroptosis, as confirmed by caspase-3/7 activity and annexin V/7-AAD staining. In vivo, okanin reduced tumor growth and involved pyroptosis-related markers such as CASP1, GSDMC, GSDMD, and GSDME. Conclusions: Okanin demonstrates significant anticancer potential, particularly in oral cancer, by inducing both apoptosis and pyroptosis. Its efficacy in reducing tumor growth in vivo further supports its potential as a novel therapeutic option. Further mechanistic studies are needed to elucidate the pathways involved in okanin-mediated cell death and to explore its clinical applications.
Insulinoma Unmasked: A Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Fueled Journey
Authors: Koceva Andrijana , Krajnc Mitja
Published: September 2024

Insulinomas are rare functional neuroendocrine tumors that are usually indolent and small. Due to their rarity, there is often a delay in disease recognition and diagnosis, and small tumor size makes their localization challenging. Glucose monitoring and dietary modification with or without pharmacotherapy are crucial during diagnostics, and surgery is the only definite treatment. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems can be a valuable tool in managing insulinoma patients. We present three patients with confirmed endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia undergoing tumor localization, medical treatment, and surgery while wearing a CGM system. By accurately depicting glucose fluctuations, CGM can help prevent hypoglycemia, decrease hypoglycemia unawareness, track hypoglycemia frequency, aid in medical therapy dose titration, and confirm a cure after surgery.
Immunotherapy in Patients with Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Under-Represented by Clinical Trials
Authors: Meyers Daniel E. , Rittberg Rebekah , Dawe David E. , Banerji Shantanu
Published: September 2024

Since the initial US FDA approval of an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for the treatment of non-oncogene-driven non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) nine years ago, this therapeutic strategy has been cemented as a crucial component of treatment for most of these patients. However, there is a clear efficacy–effectiveness gap whereby patients in the ‘real world’ seem to have more modest clinical outcomes compared to those enrolled in landmark clinical trials. This gap may be driven by the under-representation of important patient populations, including populations defined by clinical or molecular characteristics. In this review, we summarize the data outlining the evidence of ICIs in patients with poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), underlying autoimmune disease (AID), older age, active brain metastases (BMs), and molecular aberrations such as EGFR mutations, ALK fusions, BRAF mutations and ROS1 fusions.
Retzius-Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy Using the Hinotori Surgical Robot System Platform: Report of the First Series of Experiences
Authors: Yamada Yuta , Kakutani Shigenori , Fujii Yoichi , Kimura Naoki , Hakozaki Yuji , Kamei Jun , Taguchi Satoru , Niimi Aya , Yamada Daisuke , Kume Haruki
Published: September 2024

Background: The aim of this study is to describe the first series of six patients undergoing Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (rs-RARP) using the hinotori surgical robot system (hinotori SRS) and to compare the treatment outcomes with those achieved with the da Vinci surgical platform. Methods: This study included 20 cases involving the rs-RARP procedure (hinotori: N = 6; da Vinci: N = 14) that were performed between May 2021 and April 2024 in a single institution. Results: No significant differences were observed between the hinotori and da Vinci groups regarding the preoperative findings. In the hinotori group, there were four cases of pT2 that showed negative surgical margins in all the cases. However, positive surgical margins were observed in two of the cases with pT3. The surgical outcomes were also similar between the two groups except for console time, which tended to be shorter in the da Vinci group (p = 0.058). There were no major complications in the initial six cases with the hinotori SRS. Immediate urinary continence was observed in 50% of the cases with the hinotori group compared with 64% for the da Vinci group. Conclusion: This is the first study to report cases of rs-RARP performed on a hinotori SRS. It seems that the hinotori SRS shows similar treatment outcomes compared with the cases treated via the da Vinci platform.
The Safety and Efficacy of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy for Gastro-Entero-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Piscopo Leandra , Zampella Emilia , Volpe Fabio , Gaudieri Valeria , Nappi Carmela , Di Donna Erica , Clemente Stefania , Varallo Antonio , Scaglione Mariano , Cuocolo Alberto , Klain Michele
Published: September 2024

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of radionuclide therapy with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE according to our single center experience at the University of Naples Federico II. For the present analysis, we considered 21 patients with progressive, advanced, well-differentiated G1 and G2 in patients with gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) treated with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE according to the decisions of a multidisciplinary team. All patients underwent four cycles of 7–8 GBq of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE every 8 weeks. A whole-body scan (WBS) was performed 4, 48, and 168 h after each treatment. The dosimetry towards the organ at risk and target lesions was calculated. For each patient, renal and bone marrow parameters were evaluated before, during, and 3 months after the end of the treatment. Follow-up data were obtained and RECIST criteria were considered as the endpoint. Among 21 patients enrolled (mean age 65 ± 9 years); 17 (81%) were men and the small intestine was the most frequent location of disease (n = 12). A mild albeit significant variation (p < 0.05) in both platelets and white blood cell counts among all time points was observed, despite it disappearing 3 months after the end of the therapy. According to the RECIST criteria, 11 (55%) patients had a partial response to therapy and 8 (40%) had stable disease. Only one (5%) patient had disease progression 4 months after treatment. Our data confirm that [177Lu]Lu-DOTA is safe and effective in controlling the burden disease of G1/G2 GEP-NETs patients.