bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Many Days are Necessary to Represent Typical Daily Leg Movement Behavior for Infants at Risk of Developmental Disabilities?
Authors: Deng Weiyang , Nishiyori Ryota , Vanderbilt Douglas L. , Smith Beth A.
Published: September 2020

Background: Movement characteristics can differentiate between infants at risk and infants with typical development. However, it is unknown how many days are needed to accurately represent typical daily behavior for infants at risk of developmental disabilities when using wearable sensors. To consider the balance between participant burden and the amount of data collected and optimizing the efficiency of data collection, our study determined (1) how many days were necessary to represent typical movement behavior for infants at risk of developmental disabilities and (2) whether movement behavior was different on weekend days and weekdays. Methods: We used Opal wearable sensors to collect at least 5 days of 11 infants’ leg movement data. The standard (average of 5 days) was compared with four methods (average of the first 1/2/3/4 days) using the Bland–Altman plots and the Spearman correlation coefficient. We also compared the data from the average of 2 weekend days to the average of the first 2 weekdays for 8 infants. Results: The Spearman correlation coefficient comparing the average of the first 2 days of data and the standards were all above 0.7. The absolute differences between them were all below 10% of the standards. The Bland–Altman plots showed more than 90% of the data points comparing the average of 2 days and the standards fell into the limit of agreement for each variable. The absolute difference between weekend days and weekdays for the leg movement rate, duration, average acceleration, and peak acceleration was 15.2%, 1.7%, 6.8% and 6.3% of the corresponding standard, respectively. Conclusion: Our results suggest 2 days is the optimal amount of data to represent typical daily leg movement behavior of infants at risk of developmental disabilities while minimizing participant burden. Further, leg movement behavior did not differ distinctly across weekend days and weekdays. These results provide supportive evidence for an efficient amount of data collections when using wearable sensors to evaluate movement behavior in infants at risk of developmental disabilities.
Analyzing Facial and Eye Movements to Screen for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Nam Uiseo , Lee Kunyoung , Ko Hyunwoong , Lee Jun-Young , Lee Eui Chul
Published: September 2020

Brain disease can be screened using eye movements. Degenerative brain disorders change eye movement because they affect not only memory and cognition but also the cranial nervous system involved in eye movement. We compared the facial and eye movement patterns of patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease and cognitively normal people to analyze the neurological signs of dementia. After detecting the facial landmarks, the coordinate values for the movements were extracted. We used Spearman’s correlation coefficient to examine associations between horizontal and vertical facial and eye movements. We analyzed the correlation between facial and eye movements without using special eye-tracking equipment or complex conditions in order to measure the behavioral aspect of the natural human gaze. As a result, we found differences between patients with Alzheimer’s disease and cognitively normal people. Patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease tended to move their face and eyes simultaneously in the vertical direction, whereas the cognitively normal people did not, as confirmed by a Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test. Our findings suggest that objective and accurate measurement of facial and eye movements can be used to screen such patients quickly. The use of camera-based testing for the early detection of patients showing signs of neurodegeneration can have a significant impact on the public care of dementia.
A Lightweight Authentication and Key Agreement Schemes for IoT Environments
Authors: Lee Dae-Hwi , Lee Im-Yeong
Published: September 2020

In the Internet of Things (IoT) environment, more types of devices than ever before are connected to the internet to provide IoT services. Smart devices are becoming more intelligent and improving performance, but there are devices with little computing power and low storage capacity. Devices with limited resources will have difficulty applying existing public key cryptography systems to provide security. Therefore, communication protocols for various kinds of participating devices should be applicable in the IoT environment, and these protocols should be lightened for resources-restricted devices. Security is an essential element in the IoT environment, so for secure communication, it is necessary to perform authentication between the communication objects and to generate the session key. In this paper, we propose two kinds of lightweight authentication and key agreement schemes to enable fast and secure authentication among the objects participating in the IoT environment. The first scheme is an authentication and key agreement scheme with limited resource devices that can use the elliptic curve Qu–Vanstone (ECQV) implicit certificate to quickly agree on the session key. The second scheme is also an authentication and key agreement scheme that can be used more securely, but slower than first scheme using certificateless public key cryptography (CL-PKC). In addition, we compare and analyze existing schemes and propose new schemes to improve security requirements that were not satisfactory.
Evaluation of Discrimination Performance in Case for Multiple Non-Discriminated Samples: Classification of Honeys by Fluorescent Fingerprinting
Authors: Rukosueva Elizaveta A. , Belikova Valeria A. , Krylov Ivan N. , Orekhov Vladislav S. , Skorobogatov Evgenii V. , Garmash Andrei V. , Beklemishev Mikhail K.
Published: September 2020

In this study we develop a variant of fluorescent sensor array technique based on addition of fluorophores to samples. A correct choice of fluorophores is critical for the successful application of the technique, which calls for the necessity of comparing different discrimination protocols. We used 36 honey samples from different sources to which various fluorophores were added (tris-(2,2′-bipyridyl) dichlororuthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+), zinc(II) 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonate (8-Ox-Zn), and thiazole orange in the presence of two types of deoxyribonucleic acid). The fluorescence spectra were obtained within 400–600 nm and treated by principal component analysis (PCA). No fluorophore allowed for the discrimination of all samples. To evaluate the discrimination performance of fluorophores, we introduced crossing number (CrN) calculated as the number of mutual intersections of confidence ellipses in the PCA scores plots, and relative position (RP) characterized by the pairwise mutual location of group centers and their most distant points. CrN and RP parameters correlated with each other, with total sensitivity (TS) calculated by Mahalanobis distances, and with the overall rating based on all metrics, with coefficients of correlation over 0.7. Most of the considered parameters gave the first place in the discrimination performance to Ru(bpy)32+ fluorophore.
w-HAR: An Activity Recognition Dataset and Framework Using Low-Power Wearable Devices
Authors: Bhat Ganapati , Tran Nicholas , Shill Holly , Ogras Umit Y.
Published: September 2020

Human activity recognition (HAR) is growing in popularity due to its wide-ranging applications in patient rehabilitation and movement disorders. HAR approaches typically start with collecting sensor data for the activities under consideration and then develop algorithms using the dataset. As such, the success of algorithms for HAR depends on the availability and quality of datasets. Most of the existing work on HAR uses data from inertial sensors on wearable devices or smartphones to design HAR algorithms. However, inertial sensors exhibit high noise that makes it difficult to segment the data and classify the activities. Furthermore, existing approaches typically do not make their data available publicly, which makes it difficult or impossible to obtain comparisons of HAR approaches. To address these issues, we present wearable HAR (w-HAR) which contains labeled data of seven activities from 22 users. Our dataset’s unique aspect is the integration of data from inertial and wearable stretch sensors, thus providing two modalities of activity information. The wearable stretch sensor data allows us to create variable-length segment data and ensure that each segment contains a single activity. We also provide a HAR framework to use w-HAR to classify the activities. To this end, we first perform a design space exploration to choose a neural network architecture for activity classification. Then, we use two online learning algorithms to adapt the classifier to users whose data are not included at design time. Experiments on the w-HAR dataset show that our framework achieves 95% accuracy while the online learning algorithms improve the accuracy by as much as 40%.
An Intuitive Formulation of the Human Arm Active Endpoint Stiffness
Authors: Wu Yuqiang , Zhao Fei , Kim Wansoo , Ajoudani Arash
Published: September 2020

In this work, we propose an intuitive and real-time model of the human arm active endpoint stiffness. In our model, the symmetric and positive-definite stiffness matrix is constructed through the eigendecomposition Kc=VDVT, where V is an orthonormal matrix whose columns are the normalized eigenvectors of Kc, and D is a diagonal matrix whose entries are the eigenvalues of Kc. In this formulation, we propose to construct V and D directly by exploiting the geometric information from a reduced human arm skeleton structure in 3D and from the assumption that human arm muscles work synergistically when co-contracted. Through the perturbation experiments across multiple subjects under different arm configurations and muscle activation states, we identified the model parameters and examined the modeling accuracy. In comparison to our previous models for predicting human active arm endpoint stiffness, the new model offers significant advantages such as fast identification and personalization due to its principled simplicity. The proposed model is suitable for applications such as teleoperation, human–robot interaction and collaboration, and human ergonomic assessments, where a personalizable and real-time human kinodynamic model is a crucial requirement.
Heartbeat Detection by Laser Doppler Vibrometry and Machine Learning
Authors: Antognoli Luca , Moccia Sara , Migliorelli Lucia , Casaccia Sara , Scalise Lorenzo , Frontoni Emanuele
Published: September 2020

Background: Heartbeat detection is a crucial step in several clinical fields. Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) is a promising non-contact measurement for heartbeat detection. The aim of this work is to assess whether machine learning can be used for detecting heartbeat from the carotid LDV signal. Methods: The performances of Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) were compared using the leave-one-subject-out cross-validation as the testing protocol in an LDV dataset collected from 28 subjects. The classification was conducted on LDV signal windows, which were labeled as beat, if containing a beat, or no-beat, otherwise. The labeling procedure was performed using electrocardiography as the gold standard. Results: For the beat class, the f1-score (f1) values were 0.93, 0.93, 0.95, 0.96 for RF, DT, KNN and SVM, respectively. No statistical differences were found between the classifiers. When testing the SVM on the full-length (10 min long) LDV signals, to simulate a real-world application, we achieved a median macro-f1 of 0.76. Conclusions: Using machine learning for heartbeat detection from carotid LDV signals showed encouraging results, representing a promising step in the field of contactless cardiovascular signal analysis.
On the Topological Structure and Properties of Multidimensional (C, R) Space
Authors: Bagchi Susmit
Published: September 2020

Generally, the linear topological spaces successfully generate Tychonoff product topology in lower dimensions. This paper proposes the construction and analysis of a multidimensional topological space based on the Cartesian product of complex and real spaces in continua. The geometry of the resulting space includes a real plane with planar rotational symmetry. The basis of topological space contains cylindrical open sets. The projection of a cylindrically symmetric continuous function in the topological space onto a complex planar subspace maintains surjectivity. The proposed construction shows that there are two projective topological subspaces admitting non-uniform scaling, where the complex subspace scales at a higher order than the real subspace generating a quasinormed space. Furthermore, the space can be equipped with commutative and finite translations on complex and real subspaces. The complex subspace containing the origin of real subspace supports associativity under finite translation and multiplication operations in a combination. The analysis of the formation of a multidimensional topological group in the space requires first-order translation in complex subspace, where the identity element is located on real plane in the space. Moreover, the complex translation of identity element is restricted within the corresponding real plane. The topological projections support additive group structures in real one-dimensional as well as two-dimensional complex subspaces. Furthermore, a multiplicative group is formed in the real projective space. The topological properties, such as the compactness and homeomorphism of subspaces under various combinations of projections and translations, are analyzed. It is considered that the complex subspace is holomorphic in nature.
Effects of Fumonisin-Contaminated Corn on Growth Performance of 9 to 28 kg Nursery Pigs
Authors: Rao Zhong-Xing , Tokach Mike D. , Woodworth Jason C. , DeRouchey Joel M. , Goodband Robert D. , Calderón Hilda I. , Dritz Steve S.
Published: September 2020

Fumonisin contamination in corn is an emerging issue in animal feed production. Fumonisin disrupts the metabolism of sphingolipids and reduces growth performance. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of feeding fumonisin-contaminated corn on growth performance and sphinganine (SA) to sphingosine (SO) ratios of 9 to 28 kg pigs. A total of 350 pigs, were used with 5 pigs/pen and 14 pens/treatment. Dietary treatments contained fumonisin-contaminated corn (50 mg/kg of fumonisin B1 + B2) blended with low fumonisin corn (10 mg/kg of fumonisin B1 + B2) to provide dietary fumonisin concentrations of 7.2, 14.7, 21.9, 32.7, and 35.1 mg/kg. From day 0 to 28, increasing fumonisin concentration decreased (linear, p < 0.001) average daily gain, average daily feed intake (linear, p = 0.055), and gain:feed ratio (linear, p = 0.016). Although these response criteria tested linear, the greatest reduction in performance was in pigs fed with 32.7 and 35.1 mg/kg of fumonisin (B1 + B2). Increasing fumonisin concentration increased the serum SA:SO ratio (linear, p < 0.001) on day 14 and 28. In summary, for 9 to 28 kg nursery pigs, increasing fumonisin linearly decreased average daily gain and gain:feed ratio. However, despite the linear response, diets containing up to 21.9 mg/kg of fumonisin did not have as dramatic a decrease in growth performance as those fed more than 32.7 mg/kg. Further research is warranted to determine the effect of fumonisin concentrations between 21.9 and 32.7 mg/kg.
Meningococcal Disease and Related Vaccinations: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Healthcare Workers Who Provide Care to Patients with Underlying High-Risk Medical Conditions
Authors: Di Giuseppe Gabriella , Pelullo Concetta P. , Della Polla Giorgia , Pavia Maria
Published: September 2020

This cross-sectional study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding meningococcal disease and related vaccinations among healthcare workers (HCWs) who provided care to patients with underlying high-risk medical conditions. A total of 411 HCWs returned the survey. Only 35% of the respondents had a good knowledge about the incidence and lethality of meningococcal disease, the most frequent serogroups in Italy and the diseases or conditions that expose patients to a high-risk of severe complications caused by meningococcal disease. Vaccination against meningococcal disease was perceived to be highly effective by 38.4% of participants, very safe by 36.2%, and 82% agreed or strongly agreed that HCWs should promote adherence to recommended vaccinations even in hesitant patients. Moreover, 34.1% recommended meningococcal vaccinations to all eligible patients and the results of the multivariate analysis showed that older HCWs, who work in pediatric/neonatal wards, have good knowledge about meningococcal vaccinations, have a favourable attitude towards vaccinations, and do not need additional information about meningococcal vaccinations, were more likely to recommend meningococcal vaccinations to all eligible patients. Interventions aimed at the enhancement of knowledge and awareness of HCWs who provide care to these patients on the benefits of meningococcal vaccinations are warranted.
Effects of nitrogen recycling by human urine fertilization on butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) plant in green wall system on AIT campus
Authors: Hozad Ahmad Shabir
Published: September 2020

The use of wastewater (urine) as a fertilizer was shown to potentially reduce the campus wastewater load and contribute to saving in expensive wastewater treatment, while dealing with it as valuable resource. If one assumed that this wastewater fertilizer (arguably, one of the best agriculturally acknowledged fertilizers), was applied at odor appropriate and physiologically sustainable rates (Nitrogen Loading Rate (NLR) of up to 0.73 g N m-2 week-1 equivalent to 104.28 mL urine m-2 week-1 applied for 16 weeks) and considered total available area for potential green walls, it could be stated that the entire urine stream generated daily on campus (varying from 2.2 to 4.5 m3) could be accommodated on campus green walls as a valuable resource with significant benefits. In the studies on monitored plant physiological parameters under various conditions, it was observed that urine fertilizer positively affected to the food production, inflorescences and health of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) plant as well as could say that it was the most suitable plant for green wall. Further integration of urban wastewater management and agriculture (urban food production) into this scenario can make it even more attractive and economically sustainable.
Against the Grain
Authors: Gallo Jessica
Published: September 2020

This study explored the question “What roles does rurality play in the professional lives of teachers in northern Wisconsin?” Using narrative analysis of four participants’ interviews about their lives working in rural schools, this paper compares participants’ stories with dominant narratives about rural schools and communities. Common depictions of rural people, places, and work often oversimplify the complex relationships among school, community, staff, and students. This study found that participants a.) feel a sense of belonging in rural places despite the challenges of living and working there, b.) create and maintain a strong professional family in order to mitigate rural school recruitment and retention difficulties, and c.) experience school and community partnerships that are both supportive and challenging. This study calls for a more critical and complex representation of rural people and places, especially schools, in order to work against the dominant narratives about rurality that exist in popular imagination.
Preparation and hydrogen storage properties of Pd1-x
Ag
x
(x=0–0.29) alloy nanoparticles by a solution reduction method
Authors: Ozawa Masakuni , Makii Ryosuke , Iinuma Yusuke , Hattori Masatomo
Published: September 2020

This paper provides Pd-Ag solid solution nanoparticles (NPs) which were prepared by the simple solution method and their characteristic hydrogen storage properties. The solid solution between Pd and Ag was achieved on NPs with crystal sizes of 7–9 nm. The isotherms of these alloy NPs showed no typical plateau region and the PCT curve changed in increasing tendency in pressure as H/M increases even in a plateau region. More important findings included the increase of H/M at the very low H2 pressure conditions of 0.001 MPa. H/M was approximately 0.2 in the x range of 0.05–0.09 in Pd1-x
Ag
x
NPs. Thus, the combination of the nanoparticular state and Ag doping in Pd brought better hydrogen storage and/or H2-related catalytic material which could be used at low H2 partial pressure condition.
SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PEMETAAN POTENSI WILAYAH PETERNAKAN MENGGUNAKAN WEIGHTED OVERLAY
Authors: Awalin Khusnawati Nisaul , Kusuma Abdi Pandu
Published: September 2020

Beternak ayam ras petelur menjadi salah satu pilihan yang paling populer dalam usaha perternakan di Kabupaten Blitar karena kebutuhan akan konsumsi protein hewani semakin meningkat seiring dengan pertambahan penduduk dan kesadaran akan pentingnya konsumsi protein. Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Peternakan dan Perikanan Kabupaten Blitar, jumlah populasi ayam ras petelur selama 4 tahun terakhir mengalami peningkatan. Data pada tahun 2019 menunjukkan, populasi ayam ras petelur mencapai angka 17.076.200 ekor, hal ini menunjukkan Kabupaten Blitar semakin berkembang dalam usaha beternak unggas. Pendirian peternakan harus melihat aspek-aspek yang tidak meresahkan masyarakat, kesalahan dalam menentukan lokasi peternakan juga dapat mengakibatkan ternak mudah terkena virus ataupun penyakit yang dapat merugikan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu diperlukannya sebuah sistem informasi geografis pemetaan potensi wilayah peternakan. Metode yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode Weighted Overlay yakni dengan mengoverlaykan beberapa peta raster yang menjadi parameter kondisi fisik wilayah yang sudah diberikan skor dan bobot masing – masing berdasarkan kepentingannya menggunakan metode Analitycal Hieararchy Process (AHP). sistem informasi geografis pemetaan potensi wilayah peternakan dapat membantu yang dapat menunjukkan wilayah yang masih berpotensi untuk dijadikan wilayah peternakan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian menggunakan metode blackbox testing untuk pengujian jalan tidaknya aplikasi mendapatkan nilai total 93% yang menunjukan aplikasi dalam kategori baik.
Metaphorical Conceptualization of Food in Jordanian Arabic
Authors: Aljanada Rose , Alfaisal Aseel
Published: September 2020

This article studies the different food conceptual metaphors in Jordanian Arabic through the study of different food-related idioms and proverbs. A corpus was built by collecting the largest possible number of food-related idioms and proverbs used in Jordanian Arabic, regardless of the dialect, using a survey containing open-ended questions. The collected food-related idioms and proverbs were categorized according to the target domain into which the metaphors are mapped. Food in Jordanian Arabic food as a source domain can be mapped into the following target domains: IDEAS, EXPERIENCE, TEMPERAMENT, GAINING MONEY UNLAWFULLY, WINNING , DECEIVING, COOPERATION, SCHEMING and TALKING NONESENSE. These target domains form the following Conceptual Metaphors: IDEAS ARE FOOD, GOING THROUGH AN EXPEREINCE IS EATING IT, TEMPERAMENT IS FOOD, GAINING MONEY UNLAWFULLY IS EATING IT, WINNING IS EATING , DECEIVING IS MIXING INGREDIENTS, COOPERATION IS SHARING FOOD, SCHEMING IS COOKING TOGETHER and TALKING NONESENSE IS KNEADING.
INFLUENCE OF VALUES-BASED ORIENTATIONS OF EDUCATION STUDENTS ON EVOLVEMENT OF THEIR PROFESSIONAL FLEXIBILITY
Authors: Savchenkov A. V.
Published: September 2020

There is a need to develop professional flexibility and the values-based attitude to pedagogical activity in future teachers. In recent years, pedagogical activity has been associated with extreme and stressful situations, constantly changing conditions of learning, and general uncertainty. This imposes requirements to the professional flexibility of future teachers. Teachers are required have the stability of their personal qualities, on the one hand, and flexibility, on the other hand. Therefore, this work considers professional stability as a fundamental basis. Professional flexibility of future teachers is understood as a set of emotional, vocational and behavioral flexibilities, which provide a values-based attitude to pedagogical activity, regulation and stability of professional behavior, readiness to respond quickly to changing conditions and challenges of the professional environment by finding original solutions to professional problems. An empirical study of the values-based orientations of 213 first-year students was carried out in the South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Chelyabinsk, for four years. It was found that students are orientated towards values that are prioritized in pedagogical activity, and this provides the basis for the successful formation of the values-based orientations to pedagogical activity. In the course of university studies and specially organized work, the existing values-based orientations of future teachers are gradually transformed into a values-based attitude to pedagogical activity, which in turn underlies the evolvement of professional flexibility.
Sistem Pakar untuk Mengukur Tingkat Akurasi Dalam Mengidentifikasi Kepribadian Menggunaakan Metode Forward Chaining
Authors: Wijaya Johan Danu , Yunus Yuhandri
Published: September 2020

Personality identification is one of the important things to know yourself and others. This identification is carried out based on the trait symptoms a person has based on the big five personality theory. This study aims to measure the level of accuracy in identifying personality based on visible trait symptoms. The data processed in this study were 10 patients. This data comes from psychology experts at the Faculty of Psychology, Riau Islamic University. The method used to process data is forward chaining. Based on the sample data processing that has been done to identify a person's personality and character, it has an accuracy rate of 100%. The results of this study obtained the type of personality which will then be understood by everyone to be able to identify their personality more deeply
O setor roça da efa dom antonio possamai como espaço de ensino sobre agroecologia, jaru – ro, Brasil
Authors:   Dânlei de Oliveira Preato, Adilson Rosa Teixeira, Roseli Maria de Jesus Soares and Queila Barbosa Alves Druzian
Published: September 2020

The present study aims to demonstrate and expose viable agroecological practices and techniques for the management of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), cowpea (Phaseolus vulgaris) and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thumb. Mansf.) Crops, describing succinctly, each stage of the project, in a clear and objective way, aiming at the successful teaching and learning. In order to verify, the possibility of producing food without the use of pesticides, considering that nowadays, agroecological agriculture must be defended, due to the facts exposed by the dossier published in 2015 by ABRASCO - Brazilian Association of Public Health, held in together with the Ministry of Health, 64% of food in Brazil is contaminated by pesticides, between 2007 and 2014 alone, 34.147 people were intoxicated by these products were notified in SUS. From the project, which aims to demonstrate the feasibility of producing food free of pesticides to students, in order to raise their awareness to take the knowledge obtained to families.
A reutilização da garrafa pet para confecção de foguete no ensino da física/ química
Authors:   Dânlei de Oliveira Preato, Roseli Maria de Jesus Soares and Queila Barbosa Alves Druzian
Published: September 2020

The present Project developed at Escola Família Agrícola Dom Antonio Possamai - EFADAP, aims to report the experimental activities, with the Mathematics teacher together with high school students, thus building rockets using a PET bottle in the study of concepts from physics, mathematics and chemistry, aiming to bring students closer to experimental activities, showing at the same time, the combination of theory and practice, where they would have autonomy to elaborate and test their hypotheses about the chemical reaction used in the rocket. The experiment is proposed to students and the teacher is a mediator of the process of study and application of knowledge, organizing weekly classes, until the end of the project. In the final considerations, the steps that students used to develop the experiment during classes are presented as a result of the development of the activity.
Detalus genomo tyrimas diagnozuojant plaučių vėžį
Authors: Miliauskas Skaidrius
Published: September 2020

Diagnozuojant plaučių vėžį, būtinamorfologiškai patvirtinti diagnozę, įvertinti ligos stadiją. Išplitusio plaučių vėžio gydymas turi būti individualizuotas atsižvelgiant ir į genetinius pokyčius.Detalus genomo tyrimas – taimolekulinis diagnostikos metodas, leidžiantis nustatyti daugines genomo pažaidas žinomuose vėžiniuose genuose ir padėti parinkti atitinkamą vaistą. FMI FoundationOne® genomo tyrimo metu nustatomos visų tipų genomo mutacijos, įskaitant bazių porų pakaitas, intarpus ir iškritas, kopijų skaičiaus pokyčius ir tam tikrų genų persitvarkymus: nustatomos mutacijos, susijusios su taikinių terapijosporeikiu; įvertinami klinikiniai žymenys, susiję su atsaku į gydymą skiriant imunoterapiją; pateikiama informacija apie galimus klinikinius tyrimus.
A predicted new Geotrupes from the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, and a description of the male of Geotrupes lobatus (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae)
Authors: Arriaga-Jiménez Alfonsina , Kohlmann Bert , Cruz-García Brenda J.
Published: September 2020

Geotrupes nuntiatus Kohlmann & Arriaga-Jiménez, sp. nov., is described from the Mixteca shield, in the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico. Its habitat, distribution, and ecology are discussed. The male of Geotrupes lobatus Howden, 1974 is described for the first time. An updated key of the genus for the state of Oaxaca is presented to facilitate identification. Photographs of the specimens, diagnostic features, and their aedeagi, as well as distribution maps, are also included.
Design and synthesis of a bis-macrocyclic host and guests as building blocks for small molecular knots
Authors: Margolis Elizabeth A , Keyes Rebecca J , Lockey Stephen D , Fenlon Edward E
Published: September 2020

The thread–link–cut (TLC) approach has previously shown promise as a novel method to synthesize molecular knots. The modular second-generation approach to small trefoil knots described herein involves electrostatic interactions between an electron-rich bis-macrocyclic host compound and electron-deficient guests in the threading step. The bis-macrocyclic host was synthesized in eight steps and 6.6% overall yield. Ammonium and pyridinium guests were synthesized in 4–5 steps. The TLC knot-forming sequence was carried out and produced a product with the expected molecular weight, but, unfortunately, further characterization did not produce conclusive results regarding the topology of the product.
Image of a Man: An Introduction
Authors: Belsey Alex
Published: September 2020

An introduction to Keith Vaughan, his life and visual work, his journal, and the unifying theme of the self-/image of a man as it relates to painting, journal-writing, masculinity and desire. This introduction asserts that Vaughan’s journal should be considered as a major literary work and as Vaughan’s chief creative project, detailing the process of researching the Vaughan archives and working with the journal manuscripts whilst drawing on life-writing theory to argue for employing the approach of close literary critical analysis. It reflects upon the challenges of following the threads of social, political, and aesthetic debate that make Vaughan’s journal such a rich and complex text. Crucially, this introduction establishes the book’s key argument that the writing of journals and diaries should be considered as a means of literary self-construction, a process key to the making and re-making of identity and subjectivity. This introduction closes by outlining the contents of this book’s chapters, which are organised to explore how Vaughan wrote himself into roles or positions that would add another necessary facet to his developing identity: the conscientious objector to war and war-going masculinity; the detached and perceptive observer; the self-aware and self-critical intellectual; and the striving, perpetually unsatisfied artist.
War and the Objector
Authors: Belsey Alex
Published: September 2020

This chapter considers how the statement of conscientious objection with which Keith Vaughan opens his first ever journal entry in August 1939 develops from a political stance into a declaration of personal crisis centred around his homosexuality and feelings of being an outcast. Following the thread of Vaughan’s anti-war writing, it explores how Vaughan constructed his identity as an objector not only to war but to conventional expectations of masculinity and to the political establishment that upheld them. The first section of this chapter considers why the imminence of the Second World War was the catalyst for Vaughan’s journal-writing – a practice that would become a life-long project. The second section reveals how Vaughan’s anti-war writing developed his unwavering belief in the sanctity of the human body and his resistance to its distortion or destruction for the sake of warring ideologies. The third section argues that the uncompromising stance taken by Vaughan in his journal allowed him to position himself as an outsider through identification with neo-classicism and its ideals, conflating beauty with morality to advocate for an alternative vision of a peaceful and (homo)sexually permissive society.
Introduction
Authors: Johnson Alice
Published: September 2020

Born in 1843 into a prosperous middle-class family, Thomas Workman was the seventh child of fifteen. His father and uncle ran a muslin manufacturing business. When he was ten years old, Thomas moved with his family from their three-storey mid-terrace in the town centre to a newly built villa in the suburbs. As a young man he entered the family business and soon afterwards he married his wife, Margaret Hill. After a successful few years running his branch of the business, Thomas and Margaret moved with their children to a large country house located ten miles from the city. From here Thomas took the train to work. An upstanding member of the community, Thomas was a magistrate, a governor of the Presbyterian Orphan Society and a Sunday school teacher. Just as both his father and brother had done, he founded a local Presbyterian church. He frequently travelled abroad for work, but still found time to pursue his passions of yachting and natural history. President of the local Natural History Society, Thomas Workman discovered two new species of spiders while on his travels and he published a book, ...
Conclusion
Authors: Johnson Alice
Published: September 2020

In British history, the period before the 1880s is sometimes known as the ‘high Victorian’ era – a time when the industrial revolution had blossomed into prosperity, when towns and cities built massive town halls and public buildings, when landmark reforms were taking place in parliamentary politics, when the British empire reached its zenith, and when confidence, innovation and dynamism abounded. It was also a period in which nonconformist and evangelical religion dominated the urban scene – across British towns and cities, philanthropic projects, Sunday School teaching, temperance and missions preoccupied thousands of middle-class citizens....
Introduction
Authors: Chitnis Rajendra
Published: September 2020

The introduction presents the volume as the first detailed comparative, interdisciplinary analysis of the strategies, motivations, opportunities and obstacles underlying the international circulation of smaller European literatures, defined as those written in internationally less widely spoken languages or from less familiar literary traditions, which depend on translation to reach a wider audience. It contextualizes the historical and theoretical perception of these literatures as a distinct group, and suggests that the volume offers a much more precise understanding of what unites them and distinguishes them from ‘big’ and post-colonial literatures, both of which they at times appear to imitate, while also demonstrating how perceived peripheries negotiate the inequalities of increasing globalization.
The introduction argues that the volume’s comparative analytical approach, combining literary, historiographical and translation methodologies and detailed knowledge of different national contexts, serves our understanding of the international circulation of these literatures better than either traditional nation-centred or prevailing world literary approaches.
The Global Presentation of Small National Literatures: South Slavs in Literary History and Theory
Authors: Norris David
Published: September 2020

This chapter uses the particularly prominent and sensitive South Slav context to compare how representatives of dominant and subordinate literary cultures attempt to characterize and narrate the history of smaller national literatures. It begins from a notion of exchange whereby dominant literary nations are traditionally perceived to export stylistic features for emulation by writers in subordinate literatures and systems of periodization and classification for adoption by those literatures’ historians. In return, these subordinate literatures gain a channel of communication through which some degree of recognition or cultural legitimacy may be bestowed. The chapter addresses recent efforts by the academic community of dominant cultural systems to move beyond national models of literary history, focusing on accounts by pre-eminent scholars Linda Hutcheon, Stephen Greenblatt, Pascale Casanova and David Damrosch that use South Slav examples to make their case. These accounts are set against the earlier endeavours of Serbian literary historians – Jovan Skerlić, Pavle Popović and Svetozar Petrović – who engage with similar questions in their complex local context. The chapter argues that this attempt to eradicate a political agenda identified in the national approach to literary history in fact reinforces the hegemony of the dominant over the subordinate.
Literary Translation and Digital Culture: The Transmedial Breakthrough of Poland’s The Witcher
Authors: Drewniak Paulina
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores the international transmedial phenomenon, The Witcher, which began life as a 1986 Polish short story, ‘Wiedźmin’ (The Witcher) by Andrzej Sapowski, but has become a paradigm of the intercultural communication facilitated by the digital age, including not only translated fiction, but also fan fiction and fan translations, a videogame trilogy and a film. The chapter highlights the new opportunities that digital cultures offer translated literatures, regardless of national origin, and the challenges they present to existing translation studies theory, dominated by the circulation of high literature in book form. It also notes, however, how even internationally co-owned genre franchises, old considerations of national cultural diplomacy, narrative and identity remain.
Towards a Multilingual Poetics: Self-translation, Translingualism and Maltese Literature
Authors: Mamo Josianne
Published: September 2020

This chapter draws attention to self-translation and translingualism as alternative creative strategies to translation, used by multilingual authors to overcome marginalization, inequality and even antagonism between source and target languages and cultures. It argues that, at least in the European context, the field of Translation Studies is dominated by assumptions of monolingualism that, as studies of Latin American and African literatures show, is not the experience of many writers and readers. Drawing on the notion of the translator as a writer, it shows that the writer of the heterolingual text may also be seen as a translator, and to advocate more interaction between the fields of Translation Studies and Creative Writing. Using case studies of heterolingual and self-translated texts by Maltese writers, it explores how such texts might be read and translated in ways that resist homogenization and the erasure of smaller literatures and foreground translingual and transcultural experience.
Psychoanalytic psychology
Authors: Miller Gavin
Published: September 2020

This chapter begins with science fiction’s use of proto-psychoanalytic wisdom inspired by Nietzsche. Texts such as H.G. Wells’s The Island of Doctor Moreau (1896) and The Croquet Player (1936), John Christopher’s The Death of Grass (1956), and Alfred Bester’s ‘Oddy and Id’ (1950) present civilization as a fragile veneer concealing displaced instinctual gratification. Superficially, such conservatism continues in George Orwell’s 1984 (1949), and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1932). However, both these novels challenge Freudianism by thematizing Freud’s pessimistic model of the mind – a critique intensified in Barry N. Malzberg’s The Remaking of Sigmund Freud (1985). Dreams, moreover, are celebrated in Ursula Le Guin’s Jungian novel The Word for World is Forest (1972), which estranges the colonization of traditional societies, and counterposes rootedness in the collective unconscious (thereby developing an aesthetic pioneered by Frank Herbert’s The Dragon in the Sea (1956)). Generic re-evaluation of psychoanalysis continues in Daniel Keyes’s Flowers for Algernon (1966), which (like Bester’s The Demolished Man (1956)) endorses psychoanalytic psychotherapy, and the unreliable narrative of Frederik Pohl’s Gateway (1977), where the protagonist’s psychoanalytic psychotherapy reconciles him to a future reality of brutal capitalist exploitation.
Cognitive psychology
Authors: Miller Gavin
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores the entanglement of cognitive psychology with science fiction, but avoids familiar motifs from post-cyberpunk fiction. The beginnings of cognitive psychology are traced to the foundational work of figures such as George Miller and Noam Chomsky, subsequently codified into a self-conscious school by Ulrich Neisser. Jack Finney’s classic narrative, The Body Snatchers (1955), draws upon earlier proto-cognitivist discourses to contend, often quite didactically, that the human mind typically operates as a biased, limited capacity information processor. With this psychological and political thesis, the novel explores possible personal, political and aesthetic strategies that might free the human mind from its stereotypes and blind spots. The unsettling of everyday perception in The Body Snatchers is systematically generalized by the linguistic novums of Ian Watson’s The Embedding (1973), Samuel Delany’s Babel-17 (1966), and Ted Chiang’s ‘Story of Your Life’ (1998), which imagine that language (and thought) is fundamentally constructive of perceived reality. These stories ask broader, cosmological questions about the nature and accessibility of ultimate reality – with Watson’s novel ultimately proposing a mystical riposte to cognitivism’s model of the mind.
John Keats’ Medical Notebook An Overview
Authors: Ghosh Hrileena
Published: September 2020

The first chapter offers an overview of Keats’ medical Notebook, discussing its provenance and bibliographic features. It explores Keats’ engagement with his medical studies at the time he took the lecture notes, as evinced by this surviving Notebook, and finds him an attentive and successful student: he took care to keep legible notes and frequently annotated and cross-referenced them, revealing a degree of interest in his medical studies that counters traditional accounts of his indifference or disinterest. The distinctive layout of Keats’s notes is discussed, as well as the likely sources for the notes themselves. Keats’ medical Notebook was a dynamic repository of evolving knowledge to which he returned again and again: the chapter considers the only previous publication of it, as well as its treatment in popular publications including the major Keats biographies.
A Gaggle of Geese or Technical Rigour
Authors: Jefferson Ann
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores the role that consideration of form played in debates about the novel when a new generation of novelists came to the fore after the defeat of France in 1940. Reinforced by a widespread sense that the French novel lagged behind its European and American counterparts, the decade of the 1940s saw the emergence of a new ‘pensée romanesque’ triggered by the work of these novelists (Sartre, Duras, Beauvoir, Camus, Blanchot, Queneau, Triolet, Des Forêts, et al) and commented on explicitly by several of them (Blanchot, Queneau, Sartre) as well as by authors of critical essays, such as Claude-Edmonde Magny and Jean Pouillon. In their various ways, these writings testify to a perception that the nature of human experience had changed and that this change requires a transformation of the forms and techniques of fiction. This search for forms adequate to their object is accompanied — well before the emergence of the nouveau roman in the 1950s — by an equally strong sense that the novel needs to develop clearer generic definition and that this will necessarily entail a greater engagement with questions of its form, technique and language.
The Eclipse of Form in Roland Barthes’s
Authors: Gratton Johnnie
Published: September 2020

This chapter charts the process whereby the text of Barthes’s La Chambre claire sidelines form as a critical concern applicable to photography. An overview of the value system he brings to photography (quite unlike the one he applies to the Novel in the lectures he was delivering contemporaneously) shows that the priority accorded to the referent over the photo as such, to authentication (“ça-a-été”) over representation, and to the disturbing punctum over the disturbed studium, necessarily entails the priority of force over form, not least because each dominant term in these pairs undermines the value of the photograph as something outwardly visual and concretely visible. Force, or intensity, can be tracked not just in the photograph, but also in Barthes’s emotions, whether as beholder of the photo, son in mourning, or essayist repudiating critical sterility, proposing instead to construct a personal phenomenology incorporating the force of affect. A short conclusion via the ideas of René Thom on salient and pregnant forms will suggest a way of bridging the gap between form and force.
Narratives of Forgetting
Authors: Gudmundsdottir Gunnthorunn
Published: September 2020

Drawing from two disciplines, memory studies and theories on life writing, this chapter aims to interrogate different reworkings, negotiations, and representations of memory and forgetting in memory texts in order to investigate how writing on remembrance/forgetting influences literary form. The chapter will provide an analysis of texts which use paratextual devices such as extensive footnotes, corrections, or multiple narratives, in order to accentuate the complications of writing memory. The focus is on particular representations and rewritings of the past, which for one reason or another, cast doubt on their own veracity and referentiality, and therefore align themselves more with the forgotten rather than remembrance. In these cases forgetting can be seen to take on form in narrative; as scenes of forgetting are apparent for instance where the gaps, the forgotten, the mis-remembered, is constantly drawn attention to. By analysing texts that bring to the foreground the memory processes at work in autobiographical writing, we can gain insight, not only into the nature of experimental texts of this type, but into autobiographical writing in general.