bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biosurfactantes en la biorremediación de suelos contaminados por hidrocarburos
Authors: Ugaz-Hoyos Jesús , Vega-Cruz Hilda , Iglesias-Osores Sebastian , Carreño-Farfan Carmen
Published: May 2020

La biorremediación de hidrocarburos de petróleo es favorecida por los biosurfactantes. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el rendimiento de surfactantes producidos por Pseudomonas spp. degradadoras de hidrocarburos de petróleo. Se colectaron muestras de suelo contaminado y Pseudomonas spp. se consideraron degradadoras cuando utilizaron el petróleo como fuente de carbono y energía. Las bacterias productoras de surfactantes se seleccionaron mediante la prueba de dispersión de gota en el medio mínimo salino de Davis con 1% de glicerol como fuente de carbono y con las tres bacterias que alcanzaron el mayor diámetro en el halo de emulsión se determinó el rendimiento. En el suelo con un HTP de 22 900 mg g-1 se obtuvieron 78 aislados de Pseudomonas spp., entre las que el 84,62% utilizó el petróleo como fuente de carbono y energía en 24-96 horas. El 92,42% de estas bacterias produjo biosurfactante evidenciado por los halos de emulsión de petróleo crudo liviano, con diámetros de 10-30 mm. La concentración de surfactantes producidos por Pseudomonas spp. fue de 1,0-1,5 gL-1, con rendimiento de 35% (Pseudomonas sp. 2HI), 31% (Pseudomonas sp. 8JU) y 19% (Pseudomonas sp. 4CF). Se demostró la producción de surfactantes por Pseudomonas spp. degradadoras petróleo, y su potencial para la remediación de suelos contaminados.
Çocuk Edebiyatında Bir Anlatı Türü Olarak Mektup
Authors: KARATAŞ Evren
Published: May 2020

Günümüzde her ne kadar genel ağın etkisiyle büyük oranda biçimsel değişikliklere uğrasa ve itibarını yitirse de mektup türü içtenliği ve öznelliği iyi ifade eden bir iletişim aracı olarak çağlar boyunca varlık göstermiştir. Mektup türü sadece birbirinden uzakta bulunan kişiler arasında haber getirip götüren bir tür değil, aynı zamanda birçok tarihî ve sosyal meselenin de çözüme ulaştırılmaya çalışıldığı diplomatik metinlerdir. Mektup yetişkin edebiyatında olduğu gibi çocuk edebiyatında da çok tercih edilen bir tür olmamıştır. Aslında mektup türü içten ve kişisel bir anlatım içerdiğinden çocuğun dünyasına çok uygun bir türdür. Ayrıca çocuk kendini dünya karşısında tanımlama döneminde olduğundan bu amaca uygun bir tür olan mektubu da severek yazabilecek/okuyabilecek yaşlardadır. Çalışmada mektup türündeki Türkçe ve çeviri şu eserler araştırmanın inceleme nesneleri olarak seçilmiştir: Hidayet Karakuş-Annemin Mektupları, Hasan Yalçın-Gül’e Mektuplar ve Yıldızlı Masallar, Bill Adler-Çocuklardan Harry Potter’a Mektuplar, Eric Marshall, Stuart Hample-Çocuklardan Tanrıya Mektuplar, Mavisel Yener- Dehşet Mektuplar/Dolunay Dedektifleri 2 ve Hayaletten Mektuplar, Çiler Çelikten- Hayvanlardan Çocuklara Mektuplar I ve II, Aziz Nesin-Şimdiki Çocuklar Harika ve Zehra İpşiroğlu-Şimdiki Çocuklar Hâlâ Harika. Çalışmanın bulguları durum çalışması yöntemiyle elde edilmiş, veriler içerik analiziyle değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak mektup türünün çocuk edebiyatı ürünlerinde daha çok eğitici bir nitelik taşıdığı, çocuğun içten ve doğal bir anlatım diline sahip olmasında yararları olduğu belirlenmiştir.
İntrahepatik kolestazlı gebelerde maternal ve fetal sonuçların değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ADANAS Gültekin , ÖZGEN Gülten
Published: May 2020

Amaç:Bu çalışmada kliniğimizde gebeliğin intrahepatik kolestazı(GİK) tanısı konmuş gebelerin maternal ve fetal sonuçlarıdeğerlendirildi.
Yöntem ve gereçler:Bu çalışma retrospektif olarak tasarlanmış olup, Eylül 2017 ve Eylül 2018 tarihleri arasındaBursa Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Kliniğine başvuran toplam 53 hastayla yapıldı.GİK tanısı kaşıntı ve karaciğer enzimleri ile açlık safra asit düzeylerinde artış(≥10 µmol/L) artış olması durumunda konuldu.Hastaların hastane kayıtlarından doğum bilgileri ve demografik özelliklerine ulaşıldı.
Bulgular:Çalışmaya alınan hastaların yaş ortalaması 30.5±5.7 yıl ve tanı anındaki gebelik yaşı ortalaması 32.3±2.8 hafta olarak saptandı. Ortalama safra asit düzeyi 26.42±19.1 µmol/Lolarak hesaplandı.Hastaların %26.4’ünde gestasyonel diyabet, %15.1’inde preeklampsi görüldü.Hastaların %37.7’sinin preterm doğum yaptığı tespit edildi.Yenidoğan bebeklerin %32.7’si yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesine alınırken, %32.7’sinde yenidoğan geçici taşipnesi, %33.3’ünde respiratuvar distres sendromu geliştiği görüldü.Perinatal mortalite ise saptanmadı.
Sonuç:Çalışma sonuçlarımıza göre, GİK takibinde en önemli unsurlar olan perinatal mortalite ve morbiditeyi azaltmak için hastaların yakın takibi ve şiddetli kolestaz bulguları olan hastaların belirlenip uygun tedavinin erken başlanması oldukça önemlidir.
La imaginación creativa de estudiantes universitarios de la especialidad de Psicología
Authors: Zambrano Bravo Lynn Katherine , Fuster Guillen Doris Elida , Damian Nuñez Edgar Froilan , Inga Arias Miguel Gerardo , Gallardo Montes Carmen del Pilar
Published: May 2020

El presente estudio tiene como finalidad determinar la dimensión predominante en la imaginación creativa de estudiantes de psicología, la imaginación creativa entendida como capacidad de inventar nuevas situaciones, productos o soluciones más allá de reproducirlas desde un conocimiento anterior. La investigación corresponde al tipo sustantivo, descriptivo explicativo, la muestra de estudio conformada por 85 estudiantes entre 16 a 18 años de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad César Vallejo, se utilizó un instrumento denominada PIC-J (Prueba de imaginación creativa para jóvenes), la validez de constructo se realizó a través del análisis de constructo y la confiabilidad a través del Alpha Cronbach. La contrastación de las hipótesis se realizó a través de la regresión logística y dichos resultados demuestran que la dimensión predominante es la creatividad narrativa y los indicadores relevantes la fluidez y originalidad, fundamental para los estudiantes.
Protocols from Saleset al. (2020) Rubisco activity: challenges and opportunities of NADH-linked microtiter plate-based and 14C-based assays v1
Authors: Rodrigues Gabriel Sales Cristina , Silva Anabela , Carmo-Silva Elizabete
Published: May 2020

This collection of protocols includes four assays for measuring Rubisco activity that are used and discussed in the manuscript "Rubisco activity: challenges and opportunities of NADH-linked microtiter plate-based and 14C-based assays" (Sales et al. 2020). Three of the protocols are NADH-linked microtiter plate-based assays for Rubisco activity that use alternative coupling enzymes: 1. GAPDH-GlyPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase and glycerolphosphate-dehydrogenase; 2. PEPC-MDH, phosphoenolpyruvate-carboxylase and malate-dehydrogenase; 3. PK-LDH, pyruvate-kinase and lactate-dehydrogenase. The radiometric assay for Rubisco activity measures the incorporation of 14CO2 into 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA). The fifth protocol describes the purification of 2,3-bisphosphate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase (dPGM), which is required for the NADH-linked microtiter plate-based assays 2 (PEPC-MDH) and 3 (PK-LDH).
PENERAPAN METODE MAKE A MATCH BERBASIS PANCINGAN KATA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS BAHASA ARAB
Authors: Shalihah Hanifa Hasna
Published: May 2020

The study was conducted with the aim to find out how the application of the method of making a match based on word provocation to improve the ability to write Arabic in students. This research is a quasi-experimental study with research subjects of VIII grade students of Miftahul Junior High School in Bandung. Data obtained by conducting tests, observations, and interviews with instruments in the form of essay test questions, observation guidelines, and interview guidelines. The collected data were analyzed using quantitative data analysis. The results of this study indicate that 1) at this stage the learning process using the make a match method begins with the presentation of Arabic text contained in the material. 2) improvement in learning outcomes of writing skills through the application of the make a match method can be seen in students' writing ability to increase. 3) student learning outcomes using the make a match method have increased with an average value of 86 with the number of students who have completed learning as much as 95%.
ANALISIS SEMANTIK PADA KATA SAFARA DAN DERIVASINYA DALAM AL-QUR’AN: STUDI ANALISIS MUSYTARAK LAFẒI
Authors: Fatimah Gina Nur
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the concept of the word safara in the Qur'an based on semantic reviews, taking into account its derivation in the Qur'an. The word safara and its various forms are found six times in 11 verses and eight surahs. This study uses qualitative research, in the form of library research (library research) using semantic analysis methods to obtain a conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the basic meaning of safara is traveling. While the relational meaning syntagmatically has the meaning of travel, radiant, published, book and writer. However, paradigmatically safara has the same meaning with ẓahaba and raḥala.
Adversity Skills in Young Family Tobelo Tribe in Gamsungi Village - Halmahera Utara
Authors: Pujiyanti Arifah
Published: May 2020

Adversity skills are the ability to respond to adversity and a series of ways to improve response to adversity. This study aims to produce profiles of adversity skills in married couples (husband and wife) in young families (aged 1-5 years) Tobelo tribe in responding to family problems. The data was collected using the Quick Take ARP (Adversity Response Profile) scale adopted from Paul G. Stolz, and involved research respondents of thirty married couples. Descriptive data analysis using one way ANOVA. The results showed that the profile of adversity skills in young Tobelo tribal families was in the campers category on average. That is, the average young family is still in the comfort zone and requires an effort trigger to be more successful in the family. The implications of these findings are used as data on the initial conditions of adversity skills, which can then be followed up to conduct further research by developing instruments used to uncover urgent family problems.
FORMATION OF THE UKRAINIAN PANTHEON OF HEROES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEM OF THE CONSOLIDATION OF THE NATION
Authors: Tsymbal Tetiana
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of the Ukrainian pantheon of heroes formation in the context of the need for nation consolidation in the war in modern Ukraine. It is emphasized that the need to create a national pantheon of heroes is conditioned by the peculiarities of the historical development of Ukraine, namely: by centuries of struggle for the independence of the state, a large number of victims, heroes, whose graves are scattered throughout the world. The peculiarity of the proposed approach consists in applying the author's concept of heroism. It is emphasized that the creating a national pantheon of heroes is a way of maintaining the prolongation of traditions and representing historical events through personalization. After all, impersonal history does not have a proper effect on the formation of people consciousness and identity. It is emphasized that, on the one hand, the pantheon of heroes reflects the value system existing in society, on the other hand, it forms the consciousness of the descendants, forms a certain system of moral values, leads to the development of modern historical thinking, a national heroic narrative. It is stressed that the special historical situation in modern Ukraine has exacerbated the problem of national identity and demands the allocation of national identities among national heroes, recognized by the majority of citizens. In addition, the problem of determining the heroes on the national and regional scale is outlined. It is emphasized that certain features of the regions requires a careful approach to the formation of the national pantheon of heroes. It is determined that the approval of the latter should include work in the field of information policy and be implemented in the symbolic space (memorials, monuments, street names, etc.). An important role in this context belongs to socio-political leaders and cultural authorities. However should be the field of education and upbringing the leading agent in the formation of the national pantheon of heroes. It is emphasized that the broad informing of citizens about exploits, heroes' activity is one of the ways of dispersing negative external myths about Ukraine. It is established that the degree of consolidation of the nation increases under crisis conditions, and in the current situation, the formation of the Ukrainian pantheon of heroes opens new opportunities for consolidation and solidarity of Ukrainians.
UKRAINIAN FACTOR IN THE BOUNDARY SITUATION: THE EFFECT OF THE HYBRID WAR
Authors: Boyko Tatiana
Published: May 2020

The author argues that the necessity to own Ukrainian territory has remained an important factor for the imperial power of Russia. During the independence period, Russia has exerted considerable humanitarian, political, and information pressure on Ukraine to keep it in the sphere of its own influence and to discredit it in the eyes of other states. The article analyzes the characteristic features of the new type of warfare - a so-called "hybrid war". This type of confrontation is typical of the post-industrial society. The author concludes that all instruments of the hybrid warfare - information weapon, participation in the competition of non-state actors, the use of terrorist methods, the use of methods for economic and psychological pressure and propaganda - were used by Russia against Ukraine. These circumstances brought Ukraine to the boundary situation. The humanitarian aggression is aimed at the continuation of the colonial dependence of Ukrainians, splitting Ukraine into regions. The "hybrid warfare" uses methods of the unofficial influence on the government of Ukraine, economic blackmail, and destruction of the country's positive image in the foreign-policy relations. Modern occupation models are based not only on military actions; they effectively use information space. The aggression is performed through the hostile propaganda, "war of ideas", and creation of simulacra in the context of fighting for human minds. Among the new methods of influence are cyber attacks, which threaten the systematic operation of many establishments. It is necessary to develop a strategy for liberation from the colonial dependence of Ukraine and establishing a Ukrainian-centered position. This factor could change our future as a political player. It is important to track threats in different spheres of life and develop means of contradiction - namely, protection of the Ukrainian language and our own information space; removal of oligarchs from power; defending national interests and preserving our independence.
Efektivitas bubur rumput laut Sargassum polycystum sebagai pembalur ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) untuk mempertahankan mutu
Authors: Suwandi Ruddy , Heldestasia Annisa Cahyani , Nurjanah
Published: May 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menentukan proporsi terbaik bubur rumput laut dalam menghambat kemunduran mutu ikan nila. Proporsi bubur rumput laut yang digunakan yaitu 0; 12,5; 25; 50%. Parameter uji meliputi organoleptik, derajat keasaman, total mikroba, dan total volatile base (TVB). Penelitian ini meliputi preparasi sampel, analisis fitokimia, pembuatan proporsi bubur rumput laut, serta penentuan proporsi bubur rumput laut terbaik. Penelitian dilakukan pada suhu ruang dengan dua kali ulangan. Hasil analisis fitokimia ekstrak metanol menunjukkan bahwa S. polycystum mengandung senyawa alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, fenol, dan tanin. Proporsi bubur rumput laut 25% merupakan perlakuan terbaik dalam mempertahankan mutu ikan nila hingga waktu penyimpanan jam ke-6. Semakin lama waktu penyimpanan maka ikan nila semakin mengalami kemunduran mutu.
The influence of extension activities on the competencies of traditional fisheries processing in Lampung Province
Authors: Yanfika Helvi , Amanah Siti , Fatchiya Anna , Asngari Pang S. , Mutolib Abdul , Rangga Kordiyana K
Published: May 2020

Extension is an informal learning process that plays an important role in improving fisheries processors competencies. However, current extension activities that have been running so far are felt to be lacking so it is necessary to look at the effectiveness of conducting extension on traditional fisheries business related to methods, media, materials and capabilities of extension agents. This study was aimed to (1) analyze the effectiveness of fisheries extension activities in traditional fisheries processing businesses in Lampung Province, (2) analyze traditional processors competencylevels, (3) analyze the effect of extension on processors competencies/capabilities in traditional fisheries processing businesses. This study used a quantitative approach enriched with qualitative analysis. The survey was conducted to obtain primary data using a questionnaire. The research location were in three districts in Lampung Province. The data analysis technique used descriptive and regression analysis. The results of the study were (1) the effectiveness of extension was still low, (2) traditional processors competencies belonged to the low category, and (3) the ability of extension agents affected the development of fisheries processors’ competencies. The effectiveness of extension is still low due to the limited extension methods. Therefore it is important to carry out extension activities with varied methods according to the target needs to improve the competency of traditional fisheries processors.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MODEL INKUIRI TERBIMBING BERBASIS POTENSI LOKAL MATERI STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI JARINGAN TUMBUHAN
Authors: Mujahidin Ahya , Prasetyo Triastono Imam , Maslikah Siti Imroatul
Published: May 2020

Potensi lokal idealnya dapat dihadirkan dalam pembelajaran yang dapat menunjang proses inkuiri siswa. Selama ini, mayoritas guru masih berfokus pada buku teks dan belum mengoptimalkan potensi lokal untuk membelajarkan materi Biologi, termasuk materi struktur dan fungsi jaringan tumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran model inkuiri terbimbing materi Struktur dan Fungsi Jaringan Tumbuhan yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D oleh Thiagarajan, namun hanya dilakukan sampai tahap develop saja. Data hasil penelitian berupa data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa persentase skor validasi perangkat pembelajaran berupa Silabus, RPP, LKS, dan Instrumen Penilaian menghasilkan rata-rata sebesar 91,92% (sangat valid dan layak digunakan). Hasil uji kepraktisan penggunaan perangkat pembelajaran diperoleh persentase rata-rata 88,96% (sangat praktis digunakan). Data uji keefektifan menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata kompetensi siswa sebesar 84,31. Kompetensi ranah pengetahuan menunjukkan ketuntasan siswa pada kompetensi ranah pengetahuan sejumlah 85,18%.
PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI AUGMENTED REALITY UNTUK MEMFASILITASI PENGUASAAN KONSEP DAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KREATIF PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Wulandari Resti , Widodo Ari , Rochintaniawati Diana
Published: May 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan aplikasi berbasis Augmented Reality untuk meningkatkan penguasaan peserta didik pada sistem Ekskresi dan keterampilan berpikir kreatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Quasi experimental design. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah tipe non equivalent control group design dimana sampel terdiri dari 35 peserta didik melaksanakan pembelajaran menggunakan Augmented Reality dan 35 peserta didik dengan tidak menggunakan Augmented Reality.  Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan tes uraian untuk mengukur penguasaan konsep dan tes uraian keterampilan berpikir kreatif dengan keempat aspeknya fluency, flexibility, originality, dan elaboration. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada penguasaan konsep dan keterampilan berpikir kreatif peserta didik setelah dilakukan pembelajaran biologi dengan menggunakan Aplikasi Augmented Reality. Pada keterampilan berpikir kreatif kedua kelas masih ada pada kategori kurang, hal ini karena peserta didik hanya menggunakan media Aplikasi Augmented Reality tidak ikut serta dalam membuatnya sehingga pada saat di hadapkan dengan soal-soal berbentuk masalah mereka belum terbiasa untuk mengerjakannya. Oleh karena itu, disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan Aplikasi Augmented Reality pada pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan penguasaan konsep dan keterampilan berpikir kreatif peserta didik namun harus dilakukan beberapa perbaikan pada aspek tertentu untuk implementasi secara menyeluruh.
Afşin ve Elbistan İlçelerinde Toplumun Termik Santrallerin Çevreye ve İnsan Sağlığına Etkileri Konusundaki Görüşleri
Authors: AKBAY Cuma , BİLGİÇ Abdulbaki
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı; Afşin ve Elbistan ilçe merkezleri ile kırsal alanlarında ikamet eden bireylerin, ilçelerinde kurulu olan termik santralleri ve santrallerin çevre kirliliğine etkileri konusundaki görüşleri ve yaklaşımlarını incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemi Afşin ve Elbistan ilçe merkezlerinde ve termik santrallerin yakınında bulunan köylerde ikamet eden toplam 500 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; hane halkının %28.9’unda akciğer hastalığı, %54.0’ünde kronik rahatsızlıklar ve altı yaşından küçük çocukların oluşturduğu %23.0’lük grupta da üst solunum yolu şikâyetlerinin olduğu belirtilmiştir. Ankete katılan kişilerin %76.2’si termik santrallerin çevreye olumsuz etkilerini; bitki örtüsüne, toprak yapısına, hava kalitesine, tarım alanlarına ve canlı habitatlarına zarar verdikleri şeklinde görüş bildirmişlerdir. Çoğu katılımcı yörelerinde yaşanan çevresel sorunların genellikle santralin faaliyetlerinden kaynaklı olduğunu ve çözümün yine santral yetkililerinin alacağı tedbirler ile kamunun denetim ve yasal yaptırımlarında olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Kırsal ve kentsel alanlardaki bireylerin santraller hakkındaki şikâyetleri farklılık göstermiştir. Buna göre; kırsaldaki katılımcıların çoğu radyasyon ve hava kirliliğini sorun olarak belirtirlerken; ilçe merkezindeki katılımcılar ise gürültü ve hava kirliliğinden daha fazla şikâyetçidirler. Katılımcıların %92.1’i termik santralin bulunduğu bölgede yaratmış olduğu kirlilik nedeniyle, tarımsal üretime zarar verdiğini, %92.4’ü termik santrallerin baca filtresi olmadığı için çevreye saldığı zararlı gazlardan dolayı santralin kirliliği önleme konusunda aldığı önlemlerin yetersiz olduğunu belirtmişlerdir.
The 1-Millisecond Challenge – Tactile Internet: From Concept to Standardization
Authors: Le Duc Tran , Nguyen Tri Gia , Tran Thi Thu Thao
Published: May 2020

In recent years, Tactile Internet (TI) has become a familiar concept to humankind. It is expected to have the potential to create many new opportunities and applications that reshape our life and economy. However, the biggest challenge for recognizing the TI – the “1-millisecond challenge” remains unchanged, and it requires additional research efforts. In this paper, we will dissect what has been done and what needs to be done for the “TI ecosystem”. We will also investigate the TI concept from the perspective of the “network latency evolution”, as well as analyzing the architecture and the emerging technologies, which are needed to meet the strict requirements of the TI.
#SWO332: Twitter as a Tool for Encouraging BSW Student Engagement in Policy
Authors: Wysor Nguema Susan R. , Bohrman Casey , Lewis Lizette , Linares Rossy
Published: May 2020

Historically, literature on using social media in the classroom has focused on ethical uses in practice or on classroom policies for students using different platforms. However, there is an emerging body of literature providing guidance on using social media as a teaching tool. This article, co- written by two faculty members and two BSW students, provides an example of how Twitter can be used in an entry- level social policy course to engage students, teach important skills in social media management, and expand opportunities and networks. Perspectives on experiences from both faculty members and students are shared.
Opportunistic cervical cancer screening by papanicolaou stain Pap smear among women: a pilot study at urban health training centre of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
Authors: Sinha Ruchi , Kumar Pragya , Singh Geetika , Saha Rubina
Published: May 2020

Background: Cancer of the uterine cervix is the second most common cancer among women world-wide and accounts for 17% of all cancer deaths among females aged 30-69 years in India. Locally advanced cervical cancer is rampant in Bihar because of the high prevalence of associated risk factors. However, there is lack of organized screening programmes and treatment facilities for these patients. Thus, the study aimed at screening women for cervical cancer opportunistically during their visit to the health centres and to assess the various socio-demographic and other risk factors associated with positive screening test results.Methods: Using purposive sampling technique, all women aged 18-59 years who visited the centre for any purpose were interviewed using a pre-designed questionnaire. All eligible women were screened using the conventional Pap Smear and evaluation was done using the 2014 Bethesda system. This study is still underway and 71 women have been screened so far. An interim analysis was done.Results: Only 4.23% of the women ever had Pap smear testing in their life earlier. Mean age was 35.3±9.12 years and majority of the women were married and multi-parous. Vaginal discharge (55.74%) was the most common perceived gynecological morbidity. Most (36.62%) smears were reported as inflammatory cervical smears while epithelial cell abnormalities were seen in 4 (5.63%) cases.Conclusions: This study reiterates the need to start organized cervical screening program not only at tertiary center but also at primary health centers which will definitely help to reduce the burden to some extent
Atención de la salud en domicilio
Authors: Buedo Paola , Salas Manuela
Published: May 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es considerar los posibles desafíos éticos que implica la atención de la salud en domicilio desde la perspectiva bioética. Para esto se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica en la base de datos Lilacs, un trabajo descriptivo y un análisis conceptual. Los principales resultados arrojan que tras una distinción analítica de tres categorías éticas diferenciales: intimidad del hogar, intimidad personal (en relación al hogar) e intimidad compartida. La última, en la que el profesional de la salud se involucra activamente, es en aquella en la que se debe actuar con responsabilidad ética, dado que se pueden generar conflictos de intereses, sobre todo en el ámbito afectivo-emocional del paciente o familia. Las diferencias pueden traducirse en tres enunciaciones normativas particulares a la atención domiciliaria: el reconocimiento a la particularidad de cada hogar, el trabajo sobre la autonomía relacional y la estrategia de cooperación y de ayuda mutua. Si entendemos a la bioética como una disciplina que consiste en el análisis crítico y la reflexión sistemática de las prácticas en torno a la salud, este artículo es de gran interés, pues reflexiona y analiza las particularidades de la atención de la salud en el contexto del hogar, una modalidad que se está extendiendo en la región y el mundo por sus virtudes para el paciente y el sistema de salud.
Boosting the Performance of Alkanes’ Dehydrogenation Catalysts in the Industrial Scale by Altering the Water Injection Strategy
Authors: Joulazadeh M. , Majidi S. M. , Sayedi D. , Dadkhah D. , Mobasheri M. , Naderinik A. , Ghadiri M. , Safshekan H. , Honarmand M.
Published: May 2020

Water addition plays a pivotal role in prolonging the catalytic dehydrogenation reactions and normally starts at the beginning of the dehydrogenation process. A delayed water injection strategy is proposed in this study to improve the performance of bimetallic Pt-Sn/Al2O3 catalyst utilized for long-chain alkanes (nC10–C13) dehydrogenation in the industrial scale. The dehydrogenation reactions took place at a pressure of 0.11–0.13 MPa and temperature varied between 470 and 490 °C. Postponing the water supply until the middle of run leads to longer operating life for the catalyst and consequently reduces the production costs significantly. In addition, it promotes the quality of the final product by decreasing the undesired by-products and results in higher production capacities (by 1.5 %) in the industrial scale. Characterization of the deactivated dehydrogenation catalysts using different methods allows the understanding of the boosted performance of the catalyst arising from postponing the water injection process. Moreover, the proposed strategy reduces the waste production by decreasing the ratio of loaded catalyst to the desired product (by 23 %) and thus alleviates the negative environmental impact of the process. Furthermore, it results in lower energy consumption and promotes the mitigation of CO2 gas emissions by 3 % which can be effective in tackling environmental challenges in the large scale.
Low-temperature Steam Reforming of Natural Gas to Methane-Hydrogen Mixtures
Authors: Potemkin D. I. , Uskov S. I. , Gorlova A. M. , Kirillov V. A. , Shigarov A. B. , Brayko A. S. , Rogozhnikov V. N. , Snytnikov P. V. , Pechenkin A. A. , Belyaev V. D. , Pimenov A. A. , Sobyanin V. A.
Published: May 2020

Thermodynamic analysis of the steam reforming of natural gas at a temperature of 300–600 °C, pressure 0.1–4 MPa and Н2О : С molar ratio 0.8–1.2 was carried out. Under these conditions, the reaction products are methane-hydrogen mixtures with the hydrogen concentration 10–30 vol.%. Raising the temperature and Н2О : С molar ratio as well as decreasing the pressure make it possible to increase the hydrogen concentration in the reaction products. Thermodynamic boundaries of the process in the absence of catalyst coking were determined. Experiments on the formation of methane-hydrogen mixtures from methane with the outlet hydrogen concentration 15–35 vol.% were performed on a commercial Ni-CrOx-Al2O3 catalyst at a temperature of 325–425 °С, Н2О : С molar ratio 0.8–1.0, and atmospheric pressure. Under the indicated conditions, the process was not accompanied by the formation of carbon on the catalyst.
The Effect of Endurance Exercise Training on the Expression of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Genes of the Cerebellum in Diabetic Rat
Authors: Taheri Asma , Rohani Hadi , Habibi Abdolhamid
Published: May 2020

Objective: Few studies have been conducted on variations of the central nervous system of diabetic patients and much fewer investigations done on the cerebellum of diabetes patients. The current research aims to investigate the effect of endurance training on neurotrophic factors affecting the cerebellum in the diabetic rat.
Materials and Methods: This study is experimental.Twenty Wistar rat were randomly allocated in four groups including: (1) control (n=5), (2) diabetic exercise (n=5), (3) healthy-control (n=5), (4) and exercise-healthy (n=5). Diabetes were induced by intraperitoneal Streptozotocin injection. The endurance exercise training was performed at moderate intensity for six weeks. Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) genes were measured using the Real-Time PCR method in the cerebellum of the rat. Two-way ANOVA test was used for comparing the means of expression of genes between groups. All statistical analyses were done using SPSS 22 software.
Results: A significant increase was observed in the expression of NGF (from 1.03±0.11 to 1.61±0.24; P-value≤ 0.05) and BDNF (from 1.59±0.06 to 3.24±0.46; P-value≤ 0.05) genes in male rats with experimental diabetes and healthy subjects after six weeks endurance training.
Conclusion: Endurance training may be helpful for diabetic patients by increasing the neurotrophic factors and thereby preventing diabetes-related neural complications.
The Aerobic Training and Berberine Chloride Intervention on Pancreatic Tissue Antioxidant Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in Type 1 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Ramezani Javad , Azarbayjani Mohammad Ali , Peeri Maghsoud
Published: May 2020

Objective: Aerobic training and berberine chloride include antioxidant characteristics. In this study, aerobic training and berberine chloride intervention on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation of pancreatic tissue were investigated in type 1 diabetic male wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: In the current study, 56 Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to seven different groups (n= 8), these groups include healthy control, diabetic control, Berberine-treated diabetes (15&30 mg/kg), aerobic training-treated diabetes, Diabetes treated with Berberine and aerobic training (15&30 mg/kg). The aerobic training schedule consisted of 6 weeks treadmills with a frequency of 5 sessions per week. The Berberine was also fed a specific dose every day and a half before training. The superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and malondialdehyde were assessed using ELISA method.
Results: The results showed that aerobic training, as well as the intervention of Aerobic Training and Berberine chloride, had a significant effect on the increase of antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT in the pancreatic tissue groups (P-value< 0.05), but did not significantly affect the GPX level (P-value> 0.05). There was a significant decrease in MDA level in all treatment groups (P-value< 0.05). In diabetic groups that received both treatments at the same time, the MDA level more decreased (P-value< 0.0005).
Conclusion: The aerobic training and berberine chloride concurrent intervention have a greater effect on the antioxidant enzymes in the pancreatic tissue of diabetic specimens. Therefore, it is recommended that aerobic training be done with berberine chloride.
Distribution of lymphoid neoplasms in Northeast Turkey: A retrospective analysis of 1136 cases according to the World Health Organization classification
Authors: SAĞNAK YILMAZ Zeynep , ÇOBANOĞLU Ümit
Published: May 2020

Objective: Malignant lymphoma is one of the
most common cancer type around the world. In this study, the
distribution and demographic characteristics of the histologic subgroups of
mature lymphoid neoplasms in Northeast Turkey were investigated.

Methods: The study consists of 1136
patients diagnosed as mature lymphoid neoplasm between 2008 and 2014. The
demographic data of the patients were analysed and histological subgrouping was
performed according to the World Health Organization classification.Results: Mature B-cell neoplasms
accounted for 79.2% (n=900) of all lymphoid neoplasms, Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)
for 10.9% (n=124), mature T/natural killer-cell neoplasms for 9% (n=102), and
histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms for 0.9% (n=10). In our study, the
most common subtypes of lymphoid neoplasms were as follows: diffuse large
B-cell lymphoma (n=261; 23%), plasma cell myeloma (n=252; 22.2%), chronic
lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (n=230; 20.2%), mycosis fungoides (MF) (n=66; 5.8%) and nodular
sclerosing type classical HL (n=63; 5.5%). Only 2.9% of the cases of
non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were follicular lymphoma. All patients with HL were
diagnosed by a lymph node biopsy. However, 48.1% of the patients with NHL arose
from extranodal sites.

Conclusion: This is the first study investigating the
distribution of lymphoid neoplasms in Northeast Anatolia region with the review
of the literature. The present study showed that the epidemiologic features
similar to those reported in Western and Asian countries, whereas some subtypes
showed distinct features. The high frequency of MF and
the low frequency of
follicular lymphoma are
interesting findings of this study.
Adolescent Mothers’ Postpartum Sex Lıfe Qualıty
Authors: ÜNAL Kevser Sevgi , ÇETİNKAYA Funda , GÖZÜYEŞİL Ebru
Published: May 2020

Objective: This study was planned to review adolescent
mothers’ sex life
quality for the time till 12th month postpartum.

Methods: This is a descriptive study that was composed
of 60 adolescent mothers who met the criteria and appealed to a family health
center in Turkey's southeast region between 15.01.2018-15.06.2018. Inquiry form
and Sex Life Quality Scale-Female (SLQS-F) that determine the socio-demographic
attributes of participants were used as the data collection tool.

Results: Age average of adolescent mothers was found as
18.50±0.74. With
reference to another findings, there is a statistically significant
relationship (p<0.05) between marriage age and sex life quality; smoking
affects sex life
quality adversely; sex life quality of companionate marriages is higher (
p<0.05) in comparison with arranged marriages; mode of delivery affects the sex life quality; sex life quality of
adolescents who experience vaginal delivery is lower in comparison with
adolescents who prefer cesarean. Sex life quality of adolescents was found as
ultra low.

Conclusion : Sex life quality in adolescent mothers was
found as pretty low.
Daily Workload And Service Profile Of Family Physicians In Turkey: A Snapshot Of One-Day Work
Authors: YAVUZ Erdinç , YAYLA Muhteşem Erol , KIRIMLI Emrah , BİLGE Uğur , BULUT ÇELİK Sercan , DEMİRTAŞ Hatice Füsun , ÜNLÜOĞLU İlhami , BAŞAK Okay
Published: May 2020

Objective: The study aims to determine the daily workload and to analyze the content of workload, to describe the service profile of FPs working in primary care in Turkey.
Methods: The study design is descriptive and cross-sectional. A total of 28 FPs from 17 different cities were enrolled into the study. Two surveys, one inquiring the demographic properties of FPs participated and a second encounter form with 43 items inquiring all aspects of FPs’ workload were filled by the participants.
Results: A total of 1,215 visits were reported. The average daily workload of FPs participating was 45.7± 16.8 visits. 92.5% of all patients were family physicians’ own registered patients while 7.5% of them were guests. A total of 1,610 RFEs were reported. We categorized them as prescription requests (451, 28%), clinical complaints (447, 27.8%), preventive medicine services (436, 27%), administrative reasons (161, %10) and other reasons (115, 7.2%). Essential hypertension and diseases of musculoskeletal system were the most common diagnoses in prescription requests. Sore throat and cough were the top two clinical complaints.
Conclusions: FPs in Turkey are under severe pressure. Prescription requests account for an important percentage of this workload. Measures should be taken to lessen this burden.
Las sentencias de unificación en materia tributaria. Caso de la tasa de vigilancia del artículo 85 de la Ley 142 de 1994
Authors: García Galeano Ana María
Published: May 2020

El presente escrito analiza las debilidades y fortalezas de las sentencias de unificación introducidas por el Código de lo Contencioso Administrativo en el ámbito tributario, en Colombia, emitidas por la Sección Cuarta del Consejo de Estado a partir de un caso tipo. El valor del escrito radica en estudiar la importancia de esta realidad jurídica que sin lugar a duda se relaciona con la seguridad jurídica.
Beneficios tributarios otorgados por las entidades territoriales en el marco del principio de autonomía territorial
Authors: Cardona Buitrago Juan Camilo
Published: May 2020

Los beneficios tributarios otorgados por las entidades territoriales en el marco de la autonomía territorial son considerados como instrumentos para incentivar el desarrollo económico y social de las jurisdicciones. Los municipios, según preceptos constitucionales, se consideran como entidades descentralizadas; en efecto, tienen la facultad para administrar y gestionar sus propios recursos. En consideración del artículo 38 de la Ley 14 de 1983, el establecimiento de los beneficios tributarios por parte de las entidades territoriales estará limitada por el término de diez años; tiempo en el cual un ente territorial podrá otorgar exenciones. La vocación industrial del Valle de San Nicolás ha posibilitado la transformación del territorio, generando cambios significativos en la estructura productiva de la región; posicionándose de esta manera como atractiva para el asentamiento empresarial y, en efecto, propiciando la competencia fiscal entre jurisdicciones para atraer contribuyentes a través de tratamientos preferenciales. En consecuencia, en el presente artículo se efectúa el análisis de la estructura jurídica de las exenciones otorgadas por los municipios de Guarne y Rionegro, en el Valle de San Nicolás, oriente antioqueño; el asentamiento empresarial y sus efectos en el recaudo; el mercado laboral y su comportamiento para las vigencias comprendidas entre los años 2008 y 2017.
The connenction between global innovation index and economic well-being indexes
Authors: Vukoszavlyev Szlobodan
Published: May 2020

We study the connection of innovation in 126 countries by different well-being indicators and whether there are differences among geographical regions with respect to innovation index score. We approach and define innovation based on Global Innovation Index (GII). The following well-being indicators were emphasized in the research: GDP per capita measured at purchasing power parity, unemployment rate, life expectancy, crude mortality rate, human development index (HDI). Innovation index score was downloaded from the joint publication of 2018 of Cornell University, INSEAD and WIPO, HDI from the website of the UN while we obtained other well-being indicators from the database of the World Bank. Non-parametric hypothesis testing, post-hoc tests and linear regression were used in the study.We concluded that there are differences among regions/continents based on GII. It is scarcely surprising that North America is the best performer followed by Europe (with significant differences among countries). Central and South Asia scored the next places with high standard deviation. The following regions with significant backwardness include North Africa, West Asia, Latin America, the Caribbean Area, Central and South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. Regions lagging behind have lower standard deviation, that is, they are more homogeneous therefore there are no significant differences among countries in the particular region.In the regression modelling of the Global Innovation Index, it was concluded that GDP per capita, life expectancy and human development index are significant explanatory indicators. In the multivariable regression analysis, HDI remained the only explanatory variable in the final model. It is due to the fact that there was significant multicollinearity among the explanatory variables and the HDI aggregates several non-economic indicators like GII.

JEL Classification: B41, I31, O31, Q55
Evaluasi Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah Tahun 2014-2018
Authors: Syamsul Syamsul
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pendapatan asli daerah (PAD) kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah tahun 2014-2018. Berdasarkan analisis deskriptif ditemukan bahwa dari empat sumber (komponen) PAD yang  memiliki rata-rata tingkat pertumbuhan di atas dari 50 persen dan derajat kontribusi lebih dari 50 persen, yaitu hanya lain-lain pendapatan asli daerah yang sah. Kemudian, secara keseluruhan tingkat pertumbuhan PAD masih sangat rendah (kurang dari 30 persen) dan termasuk dalam kualifikasi tidak berhasil. Sementara itu, tingkat kontribusi PAD terhadap pendapatan daerah masih sangat sedikit (kurang dari 10 persen) dan tergolong dalam kualifikasi sangat kurang baik.
PEMBERIAN BEBERAPA DOSIS ENZIM PADA PAKAN KOMERSIAL TERHADAP KANDUNGAN SERAT KASAR, BAHAN ORGANIK DAN BETN
Authors: Wardani Pramono Kusuma , Arief Muhammad , Al-Arif Muhammad Anam
Published: May 2020

Manajemen pakan merupakan salah satu unsur yang sangat menunjang suatu kegiatan usaha budidaya perikanan, sehingga pakan yang tersedia harus memadai dan memenuhi kebutuhan ikan tersebut. Ketersediaan pakan ikan yang efektif, efisien, ramah lingkungan, dan dengan harga yang terjangkau perlu diperhatikan. Nutrisi dalam pakan sangat penting karena beberapa nutrisi tersebut merupakan sumber energi bagi ikan. Nutrisi pakan dalam ransum hendaknya tersedia dalam jumlah yang cukup dan seimbang sebab keseimbangan bahan pakan dalam ransum sangat berpengaruh terhadap daya cerna. Enzim bekerja secara spesifik pada substrat yang kebanyakan terdapat di dalam bahan pakan baik berupa serat kasar yang merupakan bentuk molekul besar sehingga nantinya dapat diserap dan digunakan langsung. Enzim yang ditambahkan sebagai suplemen pada pakan untuk memecah faktor anti nutrisi yang terdapat di dalam campuran pakan, kebanyakan dari senyawa tersebut tidak mudah dicerna oleh enzim endogeneous di dalam ikan dan dapat mengganggu pencernaan normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi pada masyarakat, mahasiswa, dan pembudidaya ikan pada khususnya mengenai pengaruh pemberian beberapa dosis enzim pada pakan komersial terhadap kandungan serat kasar, bahan organik, dan BETN, sehingga bermanfaat bagi semua pihak khususnya terhadap bidang perikanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah kontrol (P0), pemberian Enzim 2,5% (P1), pemberian Enzim 5% (P2) dan pemberian Enzim 7,5% (P3) dengan masing-masing ulangan lima kali. Parameter yang diamati adalah kandungan serat kasar, bahan organik dan BETN setelah fermentasi selama 5 jam. Data tentang kandungan serat kasar, bahan organik dan BETN yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan Uji F metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) jika terdapat perbedaan yang nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Jarak Berganda Duncan (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian enzim pada pakan komersial dapat menurunkan kandungan serat kasar dari sebesar 10,6487% (P0) menjadi sebesar 8,7038% (P1), dapat menurunkan kandungan BETN dari sebesar 34,4230% (P0) menjadi sebesar 34,1849% (P1), dan pada kandungan bahan organik tidak berpengaruh. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut pada dosis enzim 2,5% terhadap ikan uji serta dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan lama inkubasi yang berbeda pada perlakuan > 5 jam untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama inkubasi enzim pada pakan komersial terhadap kandungan serat kasar, BETN dan bahan organik.