bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVENTIVE MEASURES AS AN OBLIGATORY COMPONENT IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE ADHESIVE BOWEL OBSTRUCTION
Authors:   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Zemlyanoy V.P. , Filenko B.P. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Sigua B.V. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Kotkov P.A. ,   Saint-Petersburg St. Elizabeth Hospital, Dzalatyan G.Y. ,   Saint-Petersburg St. Elizabeth Hospital
Published: February 2022

Objective. Reducing the recurrence rate of adhesive disease after its surgical treatment by developing a differentiated approach to preventive measures. Methods. A retrospective study included patients (n=260) with adhesive disease complicated by recurrent attacks of acute bowel obstruction has been performed. The main (n=105) and control (n=155) groups were formed. The patients of the main group were undergone to algorithmfor prophylaxisandtreatment in patients providing the implementation of planned surgical treatment and measurestoprevent recurrence. The nature of preventive measures was determined by the volume of surgical trauma of the peritoneal mesothelium and the prevalence of cicatricial-adhesive changes. In the control group, patients underwent standard measures aimed at conservative resolution of acute adhesive bowel obstruction: depending on their effectiveness, patients were discharged for further outpatient treatment or for urgent surgical intervention without any preventive measures. The primary outcome was considered to be the incidenceandrecurrencerate of adhesive disease and the severity of clinical symptoms, which were traced to a depth from 2 to 10 years by interviewing patients. If it was impossible to assess long-term results, patients were excluded from the study. Results. The total frequency of adhesive disease relapses requiring hospitalization was 8.6% (n=9) in the main group and 27.1% (n=42) in the comparison group, respectively. The best results were obtained in the subgroup of patients operated on for adhesive disease in a planned manner - the frequency recurrence rate was 4.6%. Conclusion. The use of the developed therapeutic and prophylactic algorithm in the surgical treatment of adhesive disease led to decline in relapse ratesfrom 27.1 %-8.6% cases of an improvement of life quality of patients with acute adhesive intestinal obstruction who underwent surgical treatment. What this paper adds The differentiated approach to the choice of operative access and surgical treatment of adhesive bowel obstruction has been developed. Indications for the use of specific preventive measures, depending on operative access and the nature of the surgical intervention have been substantiated.
The Determinants of Adding Non-Production Costs When Calculating Product Costs: Evidence from the Saudi Industrial Sector
Authors: Aljabr Abdulrahman
Published: February 2022

The quality of decision making and the level of performance are greatly affected by the accuracy of both production and non-production costs. While both components are important in increasing the accuracy of product costs in decision making, research into the inclusion of non-production costs is limited. Therefore, this research aims to examine the determinants of the addition of non-production costs when calculating product costs for use in decision making. This research utilized a questionnaire survey strategy to collect data from Saudi industrial operating units. The results of this research show that the level of cost data importance and its usage in decision making has no effect on adding non-production costs when calculating product costs, while the level of cost system complexity does. The results also add to the cost system design literature with regard to the addition of non-production costs when calculating product costs in the decision-making process.
Seasonal Distribution, Antimicrobial Activity, and Risk Factors Associated with the Incidence of Staphylococcus Species in Bovine Milk from a Dairy Farm in Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Monday Idamokoro Emrobowansan , Hosu Yiseyon Sunday
Published: February 2022

The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence and seasonal distribution of Staphylococcus species on a medium-scale dairy farm and investigate their antimicrobial sensitivity with selected standard antibiotics. Several biochemical tests with the API staph kits were utilized to recognize the presence of micro-bacteria in the milk a species level. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated following the approved Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. In total, 217 samples of milk were cultured for bacterial tests over nine months. Of the 217 milk samples analyzed, 13 varied Staphylococcus species were identified from the 86 (39.63%) positive isolates. Of the identified isolates, Staphylococcus xylosus (22.09%), Staphylococcus hominis (15.11%), and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (11.63%) were the most common. Bacteria species that showed resistance to the 15 different antimicrobial agents used in this study included Staphylococcus xylosus (80%), Staphylococcus sciuri (60%), Staphylococcus aureus (53.33%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (46.67%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (46.67%), and Staphylococcus chromogenes (40%). The results found a high incident rate and multiple Staphylococcus species resistant to antimicrobial drugs like penicillin and ampicillin, which are utilized on the farm, which calls for drastic measures.
Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets Bonded with a Self-Adhering Composite in Dry and Saliva-Contaminated Conditions
Authors: Sharifi Nastaran , Mohammadi Zahra , Arab Sepideh , Shojaee Maryam , Vafadoost Fatemeh , Zakerzadeh Azadeh
Published: February 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of saliva contamination on shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded by a self-adhering composite compared with a conventional adhesive.
Materials and Methods: This in vitro, experimental study investigated 40 human premolars. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups based on the adhesive type and bonding condition: (I) Vertise Flow composite without saliva contamination (VF), (II) Vertise Flow composite with saliva contamination (VF/S), (III) Transbond XT composite without saliva contamination (TXT), and (IV) Transbond XT composite with saliva contamination (TXT/S). After the preparation step, brackets were bonded to the buccal surface of the teeth, and samples were mounted in acrylic blocks, incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, and underwent thermocycling between 5- 55°C. Next, the SBS was measured by a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test.  P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: ANOVA showed a significant difference in SBS among the groups (P<0.001). The highest SBS was achieved in the TXT group (26.63±9.09 MPa), followed by TXT/S (13.69±4.23 MPa), VF/S (3.68±1.49 MPa), and VF (3.04±1.73 MPa).
Conclusion: Saliva contamination did not have a significant effect on SBS of brackets bonded with Vertise Flow. However, it did not provide acceptable bond strength for orthodontic bracket bonding in the clinical setting.
Natureza das atividades experimentais em livros didáticos de física do ensino médio
Authors: Silva Keila Rodrigues da , Lavor Otávio Paulino , Oliveira Elrismar Auxiliadora Gomes
Published: February 2022

O livro didático é o principal material de apoio dos professores e alunos das escolas públicas brasileiras, sendo avaliado e distribuído pelo Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático (PNLD). Os resultados dessa avaliação são publicados no Guia do Livro Didático do PNLD, podendo auxiliar o professor na escolha da obra que será utilizada de acordo com a proposta pedagógica de cada escola. Dentre os critérios de aprovação desse programa, está a avaliação das propostas de atividades experimentais. Diante disso, por meio de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa constando de análise documental de Guias de Livros Didáticos, apresenta-se como foram avaliadas as atividades experimentais de livros didáticos de Física do Ensino Médio aprovados nos últimos PNLDs (2009 a 2018) do ponto de vista dos pareceristas. Para análise e organização das informações, foi utilizada a Análise de Conteúdo, e os resultados mostraram que, dentre as trinta e oito obras analisadas, apenas sete possuem atividades experimentais em uma perspectiva investigativa. Acredita-se que os resultados desta investigação possam contribuir para conhecer melhor as propostas experimentais de livros aprovados no PNLD e escolher criticamente livros de Física a serem adotados para o Ensino Médio das escolas públicas.
Inconsistent Behavior of Parties to a Case
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Administrative Proceedings of the Russian State University of Justice, PhD (Law), Gribov Nikolay D.
Published: February 2022

The article is dealing with the contradictory behavior of participants in the civil process. The author, based on an analysis of foreign and domestic legislation and the practice of its application, concludes that the two doctrines are used to indicate the prohibition of conflicting behavior: estoppel and venire contra factum proprium. These doctrines are different in their legal nature, although in modern Russian they are used as synonyms. Additionally, in this study the author identified elements of the prohibition of conflicting behavior and noted its difference from other similar legal institutes.
Summary Proceedings in an Arbitration Procedure: Corporate and Legal Aspects
Authors:   Private Practice Lawyer, Makeeva Elena B.
Published: February 2022

The article discusses certain issues of the institution of simplified proceedings in the arbitration process, analyzes the reasons for the establishment by arbitration procedural legislation of a ban on the consideration of corporate disputes in a simplified manner, compares the features of disputes subject to consideration in a simplified manner and corporate disputes.
On the Legal Nature of a Set-off
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Financial Law of the National Research University Higher School of Economics (NRU HSE), PhD (Law), Shevchenko Ilya M.
Published: February 2022

The author, discussing on the moment when obligations terminate by means of judicial set-off, concludes, that the answer to this question is concealed in the concept of a court decision. The solutions to the put up question depending on application of declaration theory or order theory are analyzed.
The Main Problems of the Development of the Institution of Conciliation in a Civil Procedure
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Crimean Law Institute (Branch) of the University of Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation, PhD (History), Counsellor of Justice, Potapova Larisa V.
Published: February 2022

The article deals with current problems of development of the Institute of conciliation procedures in civil proceedings. The author analyzes the point of view of scientists about the concept of “conciliation procedures”, on the basis of which he identifies a number of characteristic features. The study of the legal framework on this issue allows us to systematize the key types of conciliation procedures in civil proceedings-negotiations, mediation, judicial reconciliation. Despite the fact that these procedures are reflected in the law, they are rarely used in practice, which is due to some problems, in particular, the low level of legal literacy of the population; the lack of well-developed information work with citizens; people’s distrust of the new legal institution; the rather high cost of services provided by mediators, etc. All this requires prompt resolution, which will reduce the burden on the judicial authorities and improve the quality of the process.
Changes in event-related synchronization/desynchronization of brain electric activity in cardiosurgical patients with postoperative cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Tarasova I. V. , Volf N. V. , Kupriyanova D. S. , Trubnikova O. A. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: February 2022

Aim of the study was to analyze the event-related synchronization/desynchronization of brain electrical activity during visual selection task in patients underwent on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with and without postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Material and methods. The study included 32 men who underwent on-pump CABG, mean age 57.2 ± 6.08 years. All patients carried out extended neuropsychological testing, a multi-channel computer electroencephalography (EEG) 3-5 days before CABG and on the 7-10th day after the surgery. The POCD was determined according to the criterion: 20 % decrease in the cognitive indicator compared to that at baseline on 20 % of the tests included in the neuropsychological battery. Monopolar EEGs were recorded in 62 sites of 10-20 system with NEUVO encephalograph (Compumedics, USA) during cognitive task performing in patients wi h and without POCD. Statistical processing was performed using the STATISTICA 10.0. Results. It was found that the POCD patients had less pronounced theta desynchronization in the left frontal-central regions during the stage of 200-400 ms at the 7-10 days after CABG in comparison to patients without cognitive decline. Moreover, in the left parietal leads POCD patients had decreased theta desynchronization during the stage of 200-400 ms even before the surgery. At the 7-10 days after CABG, only the patients without POCD had a decrease of event-related theta activity in the left parietal leads compared with baseline. During the stage of 600-800 ms, the POCD patients had a lower degree of theta-desynchronization of both frontal-central and parietal regions of right hemisphere compared to patients without cognitive decline. Conclusion. The cognitive decline in patients after CABG determined according to neuropsychological testing is accompanied by pathological changes in the event-related theta activity. An analysis of event-related synchronization/desynchronization can be used both as predictor of postoperative cognitive impairment and as objective marker of POCD.
Neuroprotective effect of neuroglobin in hypoxia/ischemia
Authors: Uzlova E. V. , Zimatkin S. M.
Published: February 2022

Neuroglobin is a representative of the globin group, an oxygen-binding protein which is predominantly expressed in the nervous system. Despite the large amount of conducted research, its role is still poorly understood. It’s assumed that neuroglobin is able to regulate cell activity in health and disease:in health it provides oxygen homeostasis of neurons, and in pathology it binds free radicals and nitrogen monoxide, blocks mitochondrial factors of apoptosis and suppresses oxidative stress. A clearer understanding of the role of neuroglobin in pathology can offer new approaches in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Special attention in the literature is paid to the role of neuroglobin in cerebral ischemia, which among other cerebrovascular diseases is the cause of disability and mortality of the population all over the world. In the present article an overview of the literature data available to date on the study of the neuroprotective effect of neuroglobin in hypoxia/ischemia is provided: models used to study function in vitro and in vivo, the effects of its increased or decreased expression, neuroglobin-mediated neuroprotective action of hemin, estimated pathways of the induction of neuroglobin and views on the mechanisms of neuroprotection.
Possibilities of intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of prostate cancer
Authors: Khasanov M. Z. , Tukhbatullin M. G. , Savelyeva N. A. , Khachaturyan V. A.
Published: February 2022

Aim of the study was to investigate the possibilities of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of the prostate gland in the diagnosis of malignant tumors by analyzing the shapes of the «time – intensity» curves. Material and methods. Sixty six patients with suspected prostate cancer were examined. According to CEUS data, the shapes of «time – intensity» curves were estimated with the selection of 4 types, the results were compared with the histology data. Results. For malignant focal changes in the pancreas, type I time-intensity curve was more often characteristic – a rapid increase in contrast from the first seconds, followed by rapid washout during the study (85 %). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of this feature in the diagnosis of prostate cancer were 85, 89 and 86 %, respectively. Conclusion. Evaluation of the shape of the curve «time – intensity» during the CEUS of the prostate gland allows for differential diagnosis of focal changes in the prostate gland and determine the area for targeted biopsy.
The reasons for revision surgery after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament: a systematic review
Authors: Saprykin A. S. , Gvozdev M. A. , Ryabinin M. V. , Kornilov N. N.
Published: February 2022

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a fairly successful surgical intervention that can achieve satisfactory results in 75-97 % of cases. In order to show the main categories of factors that can affect the functional outcomes of patients after ACL reconstruction and lead to unsatisfactory outcomes after surgery based on the literature data, we have run a search for English- and Russian-language publications in the electronic databases PubMed and RSCI for the period from 2000 to 2019 using the keywords: anterior cruciate ligament, ACL, revision, re-reconstruction, re-injury, re-rupture, graft failure. Out of 634 papers, 113 publications with the full text were selected. Inclusion criteria - more than 50 cases in the report; follow - up period of more than 2 years; the same groups of patients; assessment of knee joint function; application of various imaging options for the knee joint. 26 papers were included in this review. Based on the analysis of the multiple causes of failed ACL reconstruction outcomes were merged into four main groups: technical mistakes diagnosis and surgery (from 22 % to 79 %); re-injury (18 % to 79 %); biological factors (violation of the integration of the graft and its ligamental) (17 %); errors of rehabilitation and other (15 %). Thus, the review made it possible to systematize the causes of unsuccessful outcomes of ACL reconstruction and identify the most frequent.
The role of filaggrin mutations leading to a decrease in the amount of protein in the development of atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma in children
Authors: Makarova S. I. , Mitrofanov D. V. , Komova E. G. , Kaloshkin I. V. , Shintyapina A. B. , Kaznacheeva L. F. , Zelenskaya V. V. , Kondyurina Е. G. , Batychko О. A. , Vavilin V. A.
Published: February 2022

Atopic diseases remain one of the most common childhood diseases. At the beginning of life, atopic dermatitis (AD) occurs, and only then bronchial asthma (BA). This staged development of sensitization and transformation of clinical manifestations is called the atopic march. Are the genetic factors of predisposition to AD the same for BA? There is still no definite answer to this question. Mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) are known to impair skin barrier function. Filaggrin is expressed not only in the skin, but also in the respiratory organs of the nasal mucosa, lungs, and bronchi. Filaggrin defects lead not only to disruption of the skin barrier, but also to an increase in the Th2 response and increased production of IgE, typical of bronchial asthma. Therefore, mutations in the FLG gene can be a risk factor for the development of not only AD, but also BA.

The aimof this study was to compare the values of the association of mutations in the FLG gene with AD and BA in the Russian sample.

Material and methods.Case-control study design. We used 265 blood samples from children. 4 mutations in the filaggrin gene were identified by real-time PCR. The association of mutations with disease was assessed by odds ratio.

Results.We showed a strongly pronounced association of the deletion of 4 nucleotides (2282del4) with AD, but not with BA, although for patients with atopic BA the indicator of the association of this mutation with the disease was higher than for the group with symptoms of bronchial asthma identified by the ISAAC questionnaire. These results lead to the conclusion that the role of the filaggrin gene for BA is much less significant than for AD.
Ultrastructural analysis of changes in myocardial blood microvessels in severe burn shock
Authors: Savchenko S. V. , Oshchepkova N. G. , Bgatova N. P. , Taskaeva Yu. S. , Kuznetsov E. V. , Novoselov V. P. , Letyagin A. Yu.
Published: February 2022

Burn injury is an important medical problem, as it is accompanied by high mortality rates in burn shock. Aim of the study was to conduct an ultrastructural stereological analysis of changes in the blood microvessels of the left ventricular myocardium in burn shock.

Material and methods. Myocardial samples during the early section were collected 2 hours after the detection of biological death in the victims from severe burn shock (3 men and 2 women); age group 32-44 years. An ultrastructural study of endothelial cells of the microvasculature of the left ventricular myocardium was carried out.

Results and discussion. The development of severe burn shock is accompanied by changes in the ultrastructure of the endothelial cells of the blood microvessels of the left ventricular myocardium, which is associated with intracellular degradation and exocytosis. These ultrastructural changes may indicate impairment of vesicular transport in the endothelium of the myocardial microvessels in burn shock. A feature of the ultrastructure of the endothelium was the heterogeneity of the endothelial cells of the blood capillaries due to the revealed dark and light endothelial cells, which differ in the saturation of the cytoplasm with organelles. The new data obtained on changes in the ultrastructure of the endothelium of the microvasculature of the left ventricular myocardium can be informative in the development of approaches to intensive therapy of cardioprotective direction in combustiological patients with burn shock.
Prevalence of CHD possibly presence in a sample epidemiological study, taking into account the socio-economic characteristics of the participants
Authors: Agienko A. S. , Tsygankova D. P. , Bazdyrev E. D. , Mulerova T. A. , Indukaeva E. V. , Artamonova G. V.
Published: February 2022

Aim of the study was to analyze the socio-economic determinants and prevalence of possibly presence CHD in residents of a large industrial region.

Material and methods. The study sample included residents of rural settlements of the Kemerovo region and districts of the city of Kemerovo. The study involved 1600 respondents aged 35-70 years. The determinants of socio-economic status (SES) were assessed: the level of education and income, professional affiliation, marital status / family composition, place of living.

Results. The majority residents of rural settlements (50.9 %) had a secondary vocational education, compared with urban residents (46 %). A high level of income (over 20 000 rubles) was observed 1.53 times more often among the urban population than rural population. It was revealed that one third (29.3 %) of the rural population is employed in agriculture, and about 40.4 % do work that does not require vocational qualification. Among residents of rural settlements, there are statistically significant more those marriage/living with a partner, than among urban residents (75.6 % versus 62.9 %, respectively). The SES analysis of the study participants with possibly presence CHD indicates a predominant share (50.9 %) of vocational secondary education and medium income level (48.9 %). It was revealed that among the lonely rural residents possibly presence CHD occurred 10.0 % more often (urban 26.7 %, rural 36.7 %, p = 0.035) than among those living in the city.

Conclusion. In the Kemerovo Oblast CHD possibly presence is more common in women, depending on socio-economic determinants it is more often observed in persons with a secondary vocational education and medium income level, equally among both skilled and low/ unskilled workers living with partner in urban settings.
Millimeter waves and 5G standard: addition to the review
Authors: Jargin S. V.
Published: February 2022

The fifth generation (5G) telecommunication systems are about to be implemented worldwide. It is argued here that millimeter waves used in 5G cannot be more harmful per unit of absorbed energy than infrared radiation. In the literature, there is neither convincing evidence nor theoretical considerations in favor of carcinogenic or damaging (up to the level of thermal damage) effects of millimeter waves. Excessively strict safety regulations are unfavorable for the economy and everyday life. Epidemiological data are important; but more attention should be given to potential bias and confounding factors. Large-scale animal experiments with the registration of average life duration would be a reliable way to determine the net harm. The doses and exposure duration in animals must be comparable to those in related human populations to make results extrapolable to humans.
Neuroglobin in rat brain neurons
Authors: Uzlova E. V. , Zimatkin S. M.
Published: February 2022

Neuroglobin is a metalloprotein expressed predominantly in a nervous system and involved in the functioning of cells in normal and pathological conditions. Despite numerous studies, information on its regional distribution is ambiguous. The purpose of the study is to identify patterns and features of the regional distribution of neuroglobin in neurons of all structures of the rat brain with a quantitative assessment of its content at the cellular level. Material and methods. Five outbred male rats kept under standard conditions were used in the study. Frontal serial sections were made after decapitation, fixation, dehydration and paraffin-embedding. One section of the series was stained according to the Nissl method for identification of structures according to the stereotaxic atlas, and the second section was immunohistochemically stained for neuroglobin. 100 brain structures were studied cytophotometrically, neuroglobin immunoreactivity was expressed in units of optical density ×103 (conventional units). Results and discussion. Four levels of neuroglobin content were identified – low, moderate, high and very high. Structures without neuroglobin were not found. Among the studied brain structures the amount of neuroglobin contents varies from 140–160 to 459–479 relative units. The low and moderate neuroglobin amount was revealed in supreme number of structures. Among the parts of the brain there is an increase in the content of neuroglobin in the direction telencephalon – diencephalon – midbrain – pons and medulla oblongata. The widest range of values is found in the telencephalon, pons and medulla oblongata. In the cerebellum the largest values are demonstrated by the interposed nucleus and the Purkinje cells of the pyramid. Conclusion. Neuroglobin has been found in neurons in all parts of the rat brain and spinal cord. The amount of neuroglobin depends on phylogenetic age: in the brain its content increases in the anteroposterior direction, and structures of paleocortex contain more neuroglobin than the structures of the neocortex. In the cerebellum a greater amount of neuroglobin is found in structures of the paleocerebellum.
Cardiovascular complications in patients with severe pneumonia with influenza A/H1N1 / 09
Authors: Pervoushina Yu. V. , Gorbunov V. V. , Lukyanov S. A.
Published: February 2022

Aim of the study was to analyze the frequency and nature of cardiovascular complications in influenza A/H1N1/09 in Zabaykalsky Krai from 2018 to 2019. Material and methods. 86 cases of severe influenza A/H1N1/09 were analyzed. Results. The patients were divided into 2 groups, comparable by gender and age. The first group consisted of patients with cardiovascular complications of influenza A/H1N1 / 09 (41 people). The second group consisted of patients without complicated flu (45 people). The average age of patients in the first group was 60 ± 13.7 years. According to the ECG results, sinus tachycardia with a heart rate of 94 ± 14.2 beats/min was dominant, in combination with various rhythm and conduction disorders: supraventricular extrasystole – in 5 (12 %) patients, acute (paroxysmal) atrial fibrillation – in 19 (46 %), ventricular extrasystole – in 7 (17 %), complete right and left bundle branch block – in 7 (17 %) and 7 (17 %), respectively, atrioventricular block of the 1st degree – in 1 (2 %) patients. Long QT syndrome was revealed in 5 patients (12 %). The severe cardiovascular system complications were: myopericarditis in 2 (5 %) people, decompensation of chronic heart failure in 4 (10 %) people, pulmonary embolism in 1 (2 %), acute myocardial infarction in 11 (27 %). The mortality rate in this group was 12 (29 %) cases from hospitalized patients. The average age of patients in the second group was 58 ± 14.1 years. According to the ECG results, sinus tachycardia with a heart rate of 91 ± 9.4 beats/min was detected in 98 % of cases, 3 (7 %) patients had complete left bundle branch block, 1 (2 %) patient had atrial fibrillation. No other rhythm or conduction disturbances were detected. No organic heart pathology was detected in this group of patients. The mortality rate was 5 (11 %) people. Conclusion. The analysis of 86 cases showed that elderly patients with a heavy premorbid background prevailed. The severe cardiovascular system complications were mainly represented by cardiac arrhythmias and the development of acute myocardial infarction. The fatal outcome occurred on the 8th-22nd day from the onset of the disease. The presence of cardiovascular complications doubles the mortality rate.
Validation of determination of human α-amylase activity for patients with pancreatic diseas
Authors: Cheremisina K. A. , Yakovleva E. G. , Baraboshkina A. V. , Agletdinov E. F.
Published: February 2022

Blood α-amylase activity is a key laboratory marker of pancreatic diseases. At the same time, some of the common laboratory methods of its measurement have a number of limitations. Therefore new more effective laboratory methods are currently being developed over those methods that have been already available. The aim of this work was to compare two methods of determination of the activity of total and pancreatic α-amylase in human blood based on using 4,6-ethylidene-(G7)-p-nitrophenyl-(G1)-α,D-maltoheptaoside (EPS-G7) and 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-4-O-β-D-galactopyranosylmaltoside (GalG2CNP) as substrates. Blood serum samples from patients with different levels of α-amylase activity were analyzed. The main analytical characteristics of the method with the GalG2CNP substrate were determined using purified α-amylase specimens. A high-sized correlation and high accuracy of the α-amylase isoenzymes activity were observed for the both methods. Therefore, the method for determining the activity of α-amylase using GalG2CNP as a substrate has analytical characteristics similar to the common laboratory method with EPS-G7, but at the same time, the existing advantages allow it to be recommended for wider application in clinical laboratory diagnostics and scientific research.
Microcirculatory and metabolic changes in soft tissues in the dynamics of the wound process in explosive trauma with acute blood loss in an experiment
Authors: Shperling I. A. , Vinogradov M. V. , Semakin R. V. , Shperling N. V. , Shulepov A. V. , Rostovtsev S. O. , Kourov A. S. , Bazhenov M. V.
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate microcirculatory and metabolic changes in damaged skeletal muscles in rats with experimental explosive trauma with acute blood loss. Material and methods. An experimental model of explosive damage to the soft tissues of the pelvic limb in rats was used to assess microcirculation and metabolic activity in the muscles of the area of the explosive wound by laser Doppler flowmetry and laser fluorescence diagnostics using the LAKK-M device. Results and discussion. It was found that during the entire follow-up period (28 days), pronounced disorders of microcirculation and metabolism were formed in the damaged muscles. Tissue perfusion was significantly reduced, which is confirmed by a change in the coefficient of variation of the microcirculation index, the value of which was lower by 36–51 % (p < 0.05) in all follow-up periods in animals from the intact group, and the maximum decrease in the indicator was observed by 28 days (6.7 (6.3; 7.4) %, at p < 0.05). Tissue metabolism was rearranged in the direction of activation of the anaerobic pathway: there was a decrease in the index of specific oxygen consumption by the tissue – by 2.3 times (p < 0.05), the fluorescent index of oxygen consumption by the tissues – by 60 % (p < 0.05), the integral index of oxygen exchange efficiency by an average of 8.5 times (p < 0.05) relative to healthy animals, which generally indicated weak oxygen utilization by the tissues. These disorders of metabolism and oxygen consumption by the tissues of the damaged area persisted throughout the experiment with a slight positive dynamics by the end of the observation period. Conclusion. The obtained data are a pathogenetic justification for the development of means for  the local correction of microcirculatory and metabolic disorders in the muscles in the case of explosive trauma in the post-traumatic period.
Study of effect of Astragalus vulpinus extract on lipid peroxidation processes in hypothalamic region on lipopolysaccharide immune stress model
Authors: Samotrueva M. A. , Tsibizova A. A. , Sergalieva M. U.
Published: February 2022

An experimental study is devoted to the study of the effect of Astragalus vulpinus extract on lipid peroxidation processes in the hypothalamic region under conditions of lipopolysaccharide immune stress. Material and methods. Experiments were performed on white male rats 6-8 months of age. In all series of experiments, animals were divided into groups (n = 10): 1st – control individuals receiving distilled water in an equivalent volume; 2nd – rats with immune stress model; 3rd – individuals treated with Astragalus vulpinus extract against the background of immune stress. The test extract and distilled water were administered once a day intragastrically with a 50 mg/kg probe for 14 days. Immune stress was formed by single intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide pyrogenal isolated from Salmonella typhi microbial cells. The intensity of free radical oxidation processes was studied by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content, spontaneous and ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation rate and catalase activity were also determined. Results. According to the results of the experiment, it was revealed that immune stress is accompanied by the activation of free-radical oxidation processes, as evidenced by an increase in the concentration of products of this process and the activity of the body’s antioxidant protection enzyme catalase. Assessment of the effect of Astragalus vulpinus herb extract on the free radical potential in the hypothalamic region against the background of the action of lipopolysaccharide-induced immune stress showed that the studied extract exhibits pronounced stress-protective and antioxidant properties characterized by changing the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes and by increase of catalase activity in the tissue of the hypothalamic brain region. Conclusions. Astragalus vulpinus herb extract has been proven to exhibit antioxidant effects by restoring activity of free radical processes.
Effect of exogenous microflora of the hepatobiliary system on the biochemical composition of bile and lipid peroxidation processes of somatic cell membranes in chronic opisthorchiasis
Authors: Fedorov N. M. , Rybka A. G. , Zotov P. B.
Published: February 2022

It has been epidemiologically established that the rate of primary cholangiocarcinomas increases greatly in the ObIrtysh basin which is hyperendemic for helminth Opisthorchis felineus in comparison with other regions where the population is not infested. In this connection chronic opisthorchiasis is considered as facultative liver precancer. The study of cholangiocarcinogenesis mechanisms will allow developing pathogenetic approaches to prevention of this tumor. Aim of the study was to investigate the significance of microbiota of the hepatobiliary tract of chronic opisthorchiasis patients in changing of biochemical composition of bile and investigation of its biological influence on somatic cells membrane. Material and methods. Objects of research: bacteria; inbred mice infected by opisthorchis; samples of bile, cultures of human embryo fibroblasts and splenocytes of inbred mice in vitro; blood plasma; standard primary and secondary bile acids. We studied: species of bacteria colonizing bile ducts; quantitative and qualitative composition of bile acids, and level of diene conjugates and malondialdehyde in duct bile samples; biological activity of bile on processes of lipid peroxidation of cell membranes in vitro; influence of bile and lipid peroxidation products on cytomembrane permeability; activity of antioxidant systems of the body. Results and discussion. It was found out, that bile of patients with chronic opisthorchiasis in majority of cases (77.0 %) was infected by different species of bacteria. In 30.0 % of cases certain types of intestinal bacteria (Proteus vulgaris, P. mirabilis, Citrobacter freundii, Bacteroides alcaligues faecalis, Clostridium, Streptococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli) change biochemical composition of duct bile – deconjugated primary and secondary bile acids and also high level of total bile acids are detected. Bile of the above biochemical composition, against the background of depletion of antioxidant system, induces activation of cell membrane lipid peroxidation processes and significantly increases their permeability to toxic components of bile. These processes are promotor in cholangiocarcinogenesis.
Experience of using telmisartan, atorvastatin and ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with arterial hypertension in combination with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Efremova O. A. , Chernobay P. E. , Pogurelskaya E. P.
Published: February 2022

A number of studies have now been conducted confirming the relationship between arterial hypertension (AH) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It has been proved that the presence of AH increases or provokes the development of NAFLD. A study of telmisartan effectiveness in combination with atorvastatin and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in patients with AH and NAFLD was carried out in this article. Material and methods. The study included 39 patients diagnosed with arterial hypertension in combination with NAFLD, who were treated with a combination of drugs: Telmisartan, Atorvastatin and UDCA for 12 weeks. The comparison group consisted of 33 patients with NAFLD who received basic NAFLD therapy without telmisartan and atorvastatin. The study analyzed the efficacy of the prescription of this combination on the clinical condition of patients with AH combined with NAFLD, their hemodynamic parameters, the levels of blood lipid spectrum, IL-6, leptin, adiponectin, and the dynamics of echocardiographic and ultrasonographic parameters. Results and discussion. It has been revealed, that application of telmisartan, atorvastatin and UZHK combination for 12 weeks significantly reduced BP levels to the target values, improved hemodynamic indexes, led to reduction of atherogenic components of blood lipid spectrum. And also prescription of this combination decreased IL-6 and leptin levels, increased adiponectin content, which contributed to improvement of the general state of patients, decrease in the severity of clinical and functional manifestations of NAFLD.
Screening studies of antimicrobial activity of pyrimidine derivative
Authors: Tsibizova A. A. , Yasenyavskaya A. L. , Ozerov A. A. , Tyurenkov I. N. , Bashkina O. A. , Samotrueva M. A.
Published: February 2022

Aim of the study was to screen the antimicrobial activity of pyrimidine derivative 3-[2-(1-naphthyl)-2-oxoethyl]-6-bromoquinazoline-4(3H)-oh with laboratory cipher VMA–13–06 in relation to pathogenic and opportunistic flora. Material and methods. Antimicrobial activity of VMA–13–06 was established in vitro against strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Citrobacter freundii by the method of serial dilutions, by forming rows with different concentrations of the compound under study. Results. VMA–13–06 was found to exhibit high antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. pyogenes, E. coli and K. pneumonia at concentrations of 128 and 64 μg/ml comparable to the activity of the comparison drug norfloxacin. At a concentration of 32 μg/ml, the studied derivative is highly active against S. aureus and S. pyogenes and shows average activity against E. coli and K. pneumonia. The compound VMA–13–06 in dilution from 16 to 4 μg/ml is moderately active against the above-mentioned microorganisms. At concentrations from 2 to 0.25 μg/ml, the pyrimidine derivative is inactive against S. aureus, S. pyogenes, E. coli and K. pneumonia, in all dilutions – against C. freundii and A. baumannii. Conclusions. The results of a screening study indicate a pronounced bactericidal effect of VMA–13–06 against S. aureus, S. pyogenes, E. coli и K. pneumonia comparable to the comparison drug norfloxacin.
The activity of matrix metalloproteinases and the concentration of their tissue inhibitors in the blood serum of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, depending on the stage of compensation of the disease
Authors: Zubova A. V. , Kolpakov A. R. , Russkikh G. S. , Poteryaeva O. N.
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis on the possible reason for the decrease in the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as a consequence of the high concentration of their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in the blood serum of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material and methods. In the experimental part of the article, we used the blood serum of patients under observation in the clinic of the Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine. According to the content of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1С) in blood serum, the patients were divided into 3 groups: at the stage of compensation (6.0–6.5 % HbA1С), at the stage of subcompensation (6.6–7.0 % HbA 1С) and decompensation (> 7.0 % HbA1С). The activity of MMPs 2 and 7 in blood serum samples was measured by a fluorimetric method using a fluorescent substrate specific for these MMPs. The concentration of TIMP-1 (inhibitor of all non-membrane-bound MMPs) and TIMP-2 (active against MMP-2 and -7) in blood serum were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Results and discussion. In patients with T2DM, the MMP-2 and -7 activities decreased, more pronouncedly at the stage of decompensation. An increase in the concentration of TIMP-1 was observed in the serum of all patients, while no significant changes in the content of TIMP-2 were found. At the stage of decompensation, a decrease in MMP activity was accompanied by a decrease in the content of insulin, C-peptide and a corresponding increase in the level of proinsulin. An inverse correlation was found between the concentrations of TIMP-1 and insulin in patients at the stage of decompensation of T2DM. It is assumed that the activity of MMP-2 and -7, in comparison with their inhibitors, forms stronger correlations with the parameters of carbohydrate metabolism.
Análise espacial do município de Italva/RJ a partir dos mapeamentos do uso e ocupação das terras entre os anos 1997, 2007 e 2017
Authors: Soares Cruz Igor , Reis Claudio Henrique
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar o mapeamento do uso e ocupação das terras do município de Italva/RJ entre os anos de 1997, 2007 e 2017 com o intuito de compreender a organização espacial no que se refere a urbanização, áreas de culturas e vegetação, entre outros atributos de classificação da área estudada. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, utilizou-se o programa livre do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (Spring versão 5.5.5), fazendo uma segmentação por região utilizando o classificador Bhattacharya. Após as produções cartográficas, foi aplicado o índice Kappa a fim de determinar a qualidade dos produtos obtidos (que alcançaram um índice “excelente”) para, em seguida, fazer a análise espacial através dos mapas, tabela e gráfico produzidos dos dados retirados do software em planilhas.
Uso de SIGS para geração de mapas com a localização média do Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) na margem Noroeste do município de São Francisco
Authors: Camargo Pedro Luiz Teixeira , Martins Júnior Paulo Pereira , Teixeira Marcílio Baltazar , Madeira Fernando Antônio , Portes Beserra Raphaella Karla , Barcelos Tiago Soares
Published: February 2022

A gestão dos recursos naturais de maneira responsável é, sem dúvida, um dos maiores desafios de gestão ambiental. Para isso, técnicas de sensoriamento remoto têm sido cada vez mais usadas objetivando um melhor e maior auxílio à decisão, que é a problemática de que trata este artigo. Na margem Noroeste (B) do município de São Francisco, Norte de Minas Gerais, localizado na bacia alto-média do rio São Francisco e onde o Cerrado natural sofreu intensa degradação no intervalo de 41 anos (1975-2016), realizou-se o presente estudo, que tem como objetivo, através da metodologia de sobreposição de imagens cartográficas, utilizando-se a ferramenta IDW do software Arcgis 10.2 gerar um mapa capaz de apresentar a média populacional do Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) por ponto de coleta. Pode-se concluir, após a experiência metodológica aqui presente, que as palmeiras de Buriti não se encontram nos locais esperados graças, possivelmente, à má gestão antrópica dos recursos hídricos das Veredas, presentes no Cerrado mineiro.
Métodos alternativos para otimização e reaproveitamento energético em sistemas de bombeio mecânico de hastes na indústria de petróleo: um estudo bibliométrico
Authors: SOUZA LEANDRO FERREIRA
Published: February 2022

O processo de extração de petróleo consome muita energia elétrica e isto aumenta os custos de produção. O sistema de bombeio mecânico de hastes representa cerca de 85% dos sistemas de elevação usados na produção de campos onshore.  Este artigo objetiva investigar o que está sendo discutido sobre métodos alternativos para otimização e reutilização energética para estes sistemas. Para isso, conduziu-se um estudo bibliométrico para investigar a relação entre reaproveitamento energético e as unidades de bombeio mecânico com hastes na indústria do petróleo. O número de artigos publicados encontrados foi bem reduzido, o que sugere um assunto que ainda carece de muitas pesquisas. Mesmo assim, foi possível identificar algumas tendências de estudos, como a inserção de molas no sistema para armazenar energia potencial elástica, além de acompanhar a discussão sobre as formas eficazes de reciclagem de energia, cujo desenvolvimento sugere a avaliação de fontes secundárias de energia e o uso de fontes renováveis de energia como etapas que devem ser executadas. Foi possível compreender que os estudos nessa área possuem projeção de aumentar e que alguns novos sistemas já estão sendo testados.