bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial: ,,Pädagogiken“ und Felder innerer Sicherheit
Authors: Czejkowska Agnieszka , Spieker Susanne
Published: February 2021

Sicherheitserwartungen und -versprechen sind historisch mit vielfältigen Prämissen, Stoßrichtungen, Artikulationsformen und Durchsetzungsweisen verbunden. Das vorliegende Jahrbuch Innere Sicherheit knüpft an diese Verbindungen an und widmet sich der Frage
der Sicherheit, wie sie nicht nur, aber auch in der Erziehungswissenschaft diskutiert wird (vgl. Liesner 2002; Zurawski 2008; Zoche/Kaufmann/Haverkamp 2010; Hempel/Krasmann/Bröckling 2011; Aisch-Angus 2019). Ein interdisziplinär orientierter Zugang rückt für die pädagogische
Einordnung der Sicherheitsfrage zwei relevante Entwicklungen in den Blick: erstens die voranschreitende Pädagogisierung jener Bereiche, die als Sicherheitsrisiko definiert werden, zweitens die zunehmende Verlagerung der staatlichen Sicherheitsfrage nach ,,innen“, in das Gesellschaftliche
und Private. Die Analyse der Pädagogisierung als eine Technik der Versicherheitlichung (vgl. Buzan/Wæver/de Wilde 1998; Liesner 2004, S. 80) scheint uns vor allem in Hinblick auf ihr obligatorisches Scheitern von besonderem Interesse: Denn ungeachtet sorgfältiger Vorkehrungen
und Maßnahmen ist eine Sicherheitskultur (vgl. Daase/Engert/Junk 2013), deren Folgen nicht Ausgrenzungen und Schließungen sind, kaum möglich. Gerade letztere bringen abermals Unsicherheiten mit sich, die weitere Pädagogisierungsmaßnahmen in Gang setzen, ein
,,infiniter Regress“ (Wehrheim 2018, S. 214) nimmt seinen Lauf. Im Hinblick auf die Verlagerung der Sicherheitsfrage nach innen wiederum sind Subjektivierungsprozesse und Diskurse, die im Namen der Sicherheit produktiv werden, ebenso von Relevanz wie Praktiken und Strategien des Umgangs
damit.
Considerable Improvement in Fenton-like Degradation of MB Owing to Ti3+/Ti4+ Using Ion-doped Halloysite Nanotube Catalyst
Authors: Wei Yuan , Sun Yating , Li Dahua , Lu Binda , Liu Miaohua , Liu Gonggang , Hu Jinbo
Published: February 2021

Due to high efficiency and environmental friendship, Fenton-like technology is widely used in water treatment and has always received significant attentions, especially in design of novel and efficient Fenton-like catalysts. In this paper, iron/titanium ions doped halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-Fe-Ti) have been developed as Fenton-like catalyst. Here, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) with high specific surface area and excellent ion exchange capacity were used as carriers, and iron/titanium ions were trace-doped into HNTs via simple ion-exchange reaction. The degradation of the designed catalyst for methylene blue (MB) was greatly accelerated in the presence of titanium ion. It demonstrates that the excellent degradation ability mainly owes to the valence state transformation of titanium and the good adsorption ability of halloysite nanotubes. It shows the mechanism of titanium with multivalent states (Ti3+/Ti4+) on the degradation of MB is similar to the Fenton catalytic mechanism of iron ion trans-formation (Fe2+/Fe3+). In the Fenton-like degradation reaction, titanium and iron play a synergistic catalytic role in MB degradation while titanium has greater impact. When the ratio of titanium to iron is 5:1, the catalyst exhibits superior Fenton-like degradation performance, and the degradation rate could reach 91% at 100 min.
Thermodynamic and Kinetic Study on the Catalysis of Isobornyl Acetate by a Cation Exchange Resin an Intensified Fixed-Bed Reactor
Authors: Dong Wanglai , Chen Lei , Yan Hanzhao , Zhang Zijie , Zhou Zheng
Published: February 2021

Esterification Thermodynamic and Kinetic on acetic acid with camphene was studied systematically in an intensified fixed bed reactor at 303-323 K with anhydrous NKC-9 resin. The catalyst loading, initial molar ratio, temperature, and catalyst reusability were studied and optimized. The method of UNIFAC was applied to calculate the activity coefficient of each component for correcting the nonideality of the solution. Reaction enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy were calculated. The kinetics of camphene esterification was studied by pseudo-homogeneous model (PH model), and the fitting effect was good, which provided experimental reference and theoretical basis for the industrial production of isobornyl acetate.
Groundwater Quality Variation and Regression Analysis � a Case Study Around Municipal Dumpsite in India
Authors: Susaiappan Sidhardhan , Somanathan Adishkumar , Sulthan Mannar Thippu , Masilamani Immanuvel Palies
Published: February 2021

The quality of water around a municipal dumpsite is greatly affected by the leaching chemicals from the landfill. The aim of this study is to assess the groundwater quality and to develop and compare the performance of Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) regression and Artificial Neural Network models around municipal dumpsite in Tamil Nadu, India. The groundwater samples were collected every month from the 16 sampling points during the study period from January 2013 to December 2017. The physico chemical parameters of the samples such as pH, acidity, alkalinity, Hardness, Chloride, Sulphate and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were analysed and Water Quality Index (WQI) was arrived. From this data, the highest and the lowest polluted points S14 and S5 respectively, among the 16 sampling points was found. Correlation analysis showed that TDS exhibited a high positive correlation with chloride and hardness. Two models using SPSS regression and one model using ANN modeling were developed to predict the TDS in the sampling points. The prediction capabilities of the ANN were compared with the SPSS regression models. The maximum percentage of error obtained from ANN and SPSS were 7.5% and 15.6% at S5 sampling point. ANN models were more accurate than the SPSS multi nonlinear regression models having the same inputs and output.
Kepercayaan Masyarakat Terhadap Pengobatan Komplementer Akupuntur Di Praktik Perawat Mandiri Latu Usadha Abiansemal Badung
Authors: Ariyanti Kadek Sri , Sariyani Made Dewi , Pemayun Cokorda Istri Mita
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Terapi komplementer merupakan suatu bentuk terapi non konvensional sebagai suatu bentuk pengobatan yang berasal dari berbagai sistem, modalitas dan praktik pelayanan kesehatan yang berdasarkan pada teori dan kepercayaan. Pengobatan non konvensional seringkali berhasil ketika pengobatan konvensional tidak berhasil serta memiliki efek samping yang ringan yang dapat merugikan pasien.  Akupuntur merupakan salah satu terapi komplementer sebagai upaya untuk mengoptimalkan pelayanan kesehatan. Akupuntur adalah suatu cara pengobatan dengan menusukkan jarum ke titik akupuntur tubuh. Dalam merencanakan dan mengidentifikasi asuhan yang dibutuhkan oleh pasien, perlu dikaji lebih dalam, bagaimana kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap pengobatan komplementer akupuntur.

Tujuan: mengetahui bagaimana terbentuknya kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap pengobatan komplementer akupuntur. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah pedoman wawancara mendalam. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan pada Bulan Maret-Mei 2020. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien yang melakukan terapi komplementer akupuntur dengan jumlah 10 orang. Informan dipilih secara acak (randomisasi). Untuk menilai pengalaman informan, peneliti menggunakan skala likert.

Hasil dan Pembahasan: Sebagian besar informan memiliki pengalaman yang sangat baik terhadap pengobatan akupuntur. Faktor internal yang berpengaruh terhadap kepercayaan masyarakat dalam melakukan pengobatan komplementer akupuntur: kepercayaan/tradisi, persepsi dan pengetahuan. Faktor eksternal: ekonomi, kebudayaan, pekerjaan, penghasilan dan dukungan keluarga.

Kesimpulan dan Saran: Upaya promosi dan pengembangan pelayanan kesehatan komplementer akupuntur bisa dilakukan lebih efektif dan inovatif, sehingga masyarakat dapat memilih pelayanan kesehatan yang diinginkan.

Kata Kunci       : Akupuntur, Kepercayaan Masyarakat, Komplementer
Pengaruh Self Help Group Terhadap Kemampuan Keluarga Dalam Merawat Klien Skizofrenia Di Poli Jiwa Puskesmas Kalitidu
Authors: Efendi Yusuf , Julianto Errix Kristian
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAKDiera perkembangan jaman saat ini, beberapa keluarga dihadapkan dengan permasalahnatentang adanya angggota keluarga yeng mengaami gangguan jiwa, tak jarang keluarga tidakmengetahui bagaimana merawat angota keluarga dengan gangguan jiwa. Self help group padakeluarga dengan gangguan jiwa perlu dilakukan untuk membantu keluarga mengatasipermasalahannya yang diselesaikan bersama dalam kelompok. Manfaat yang didapatkan padaterapi ini adalah terdapatnya peningkatan pengetahuan keluarga tentang Skizofrenia. Peningkatanpengetahuan ini akan berdampak terhadap kemampuan keluarga dalam merawat klienSkizofrenia..Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre eksperimental dengan rancangan one grouppre-posttest design. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah keluarga penderita Skizofrenia di PKU JiwaKalitidu yang berjumlah 32. . Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner kemudian dianalisisdengan menggunakan uji Wolcoxon sign dengan tingkat kemaknaan 0,05.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi responden sebelum dan sesudah dilakukanintervensi dengan self help group pada kemampuan merawat dengan nilai uji wilcoxon sebesar0,001 yang berarti ada pengaruh dari intervensi self help group dengan merawat keluarga dengangangguan jiwa.Kata Kunci : Self Help Group, Kemampuan Merawat, Skizofrenia
Pelaksanaan Fungsi Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Keluarga Dengan Pengetahuan Terapi Komplementer Pada Penderita Hipertensi Di Balenrejo Bojonegoro
Authors: Abidin Ahmad Zainal , Ferawati
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAK

Kondisi hipertensi atau penyakit darah tinggi merupakan bentuk penyakit degeneratif/ tidak menular yang masih tinggi kasusnya yang seharusnya mendapatkan sentuhan terapi komplementer sebagai bentuk terapi modalitas yang dikombinasikan dengan pengobatan farmakologis untuk memberikan efek yang lebih positif terhadap penyakit degenerative yang belum banyak dikatahui oleh setiap lapisan masyarakat.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan fungsi pemeliharaan kesehatan keluarga dengan pengetahuan tentang terapi komplementer pada penderita hipertensi di desa balenrejo balen bojonegoro.

Desain penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif non-eksperimental dengan pendekatan korrelationall dengan teknik simpel random sampling sebanyak 90 responden penderita hipertensi yang memiliki keluarga dan teknik analisa data menggunakan uji statistik kendalls tau b.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan pelaksanaan fungsi pemeliharaan kesehatan keluarga terhadap pengetahuan tentang terapi komplementer pada penderita hipertensi dengan nilai p value  dari uji kendalls tau b sebesar 0,000 yang kurang dari nilai α = 0,05. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa fungsi keluarga sangat punya andil dalam pembentukan pengetahuan keluarga dalam memenejemen kesehatannya..

 Kata Kunci         : Pelaksanaan Fungsi Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Keluarga, Pengetahuan Terapi Komplementer, Hipertensi
Reproductive Health Status of Rural Women in Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Sharmila S
Published: February 2021

Background: In India, the dietary patterns and lifestyle has considerably changed in the recent past. Thishas considerably altered the reproductive physiology of women, thereby making them susceptible forvarious problems. One of the most important factors influencing a woman’s reproductive health is pelvicinflammatory disease. This study was carried out to evaluate the reproductive health status of rural womenin South India.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 1233 women of the reproductive age groupresiding in a rural area of Coimbatore district. A structured interview schedule was used to obtain informationregarding sociodemographic, menstrual, lifestyle and reproductive health status of the study participants.Results: It was observed that pelvic inflammatory disease was present in 5.1%, anemia in 5.3%, Type 2Diabetes Mellitus in 2.1%, Thyroid disorders in 4.1%. Majority of the participants had BMI between 18.5-?23 (47.7%). Primary infertility was present in 8.43% of the study participants.Conclusion: This study has highlighted that although the actual prevalence of reproductive health problemsisfairly low, the risk factors for reproductive health problems, namely overweight and obesity, anemia, lackof physical activity and irregular menstrual cycles were significantly higher.
Knowledge and Attitudes of Breast Cancer, Breast SelfExamination and Mammography among Female Students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Faten Mane Aldhafeeri
Published: February 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of Breast cancer, Breastself-examination (BSE) and mammography among female students in the College of Applied MedicalSciences.Methods: The study was conducted at College of Applied Medical Sciences in University of Hafr AlBatin. after being approved by the local research Ethics committee. The sample was consisted of 200undergraduates’ female students from third and fourth academic year. The questionnaire consists of foursections: demographic data, knowledge of BC, BSE and mammogram (21 questions), knowledge of riskfactors (7 questions), and attitudes (17 items. The findings revealed that 71% of the respondents had goodknowledge of breast cancer, 63% had satisfactory level of breast self-examination, and 53% had poor levelof mammogram. Furthermore, 72% and 59% of respondents had positive attitude towards BC and BSErespectively, while 69% of them had negative attitude regarding mammogram.Conclusion: Lack of knowledge and attitudes about BSE and mammogram practice among female studentsmay due to their beliefs that young women are not at risk and do not need to be aware with all breast cancerscreening methods.
Impact of Sesame Oil for Abrogating Hepatic Oxidative Stress Actuated by Aluminum Chloride in Male Rats
Authors: Enas S. Abdel-Baky
Published: February 2021

The hepatoprotective effect of sesame oil (SO) was evaluated against aluminum chloride (AlCl3) inducedhepatic tissue damage in male rats. A total of twenty four male rats were used and grouped into four groupsof six rats each. AlCl3 induced hepatic tissue damage, marked by increased the activities of aspartatetransaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), and bilirubin levels, and a significant decrease in total protein and albumin levels when comparedwith the normal control. Also, the level of malodealdehyde (MAD) in the liver tissue was significantlyincreased. Whereas, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT)enzymes were markedly decreased. Supplementation of AlCl3 treated rats with SO could improve most ofthe biochemical alterations. The results of the present study prove that SO has a potent hepatoprotectiveeffect against AlCl3 induced oxidative stress injury in hepatic tissues of male rats.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA ROUND ROBIN PADA PENJADWALAN PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE DI PT. PASIFIK SATELIT NUSANTARA
Authors: Zakir Ahmad , Dalimunthe Sheila Azhari , Irwan Dedy
Published: February 2021

Scheduling is needed when several activities must be processed at a certain time. Good scheduling maximizes the effectiveness of the use of every activity, so scheduling is an important part of planning and controlling activities. At PT. Pasifik Satelit Nusantara, there are maintenance activities on the devices used by the preventive maintenance process customers needed so that no additional costs occur, so it needs to be done scheduling that can minimize downtime. For this reason, the schedule must be in accordance with the actual conditions in the company so as to minimize downtime so that the process of customer activity is not hampered by damaged equipment. In this study utilizing a round robin algorithm that can schedule human resources that carry out preventife maintenance activities. The author uses website-based media so that it can easily be used by company superiors to schedule technicians or workers.
SISTEM INFORMASI ADMINISTRASI PINJAMAN (KREDIT) PADA CREDO UNION MODIFIKASI (CUM) BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Siregar Victor Marudut Mulia , Damanik Erikson , Tampubolon Mega Romauly , Malau Eve Ida , Parapat Eka Pratiwi Septania , Hutagalung Debora Silvia
Published: February 2021

Modified Union credo is a cooperative-type business entity owned by a group of people in a unifying bond, which agrees to invest their money (shares) so as to create joint capital with decent business results and for productive and welfare purposes. The role of cooperatives is very important in Indonesia, because cooperatives can increase the economic growth of Indonesian society. The loan administration information system (credit) at CUM Caritas HKBP Pematangsiantar is not yet effective, because it still uses a manual system so that data is easily lost and difficult to find, and the preparation of reports takes a long time. The purpose of this study is to build a system that makes it easier for staff to process data for CUM Caritas HKBP members and improve staff performance to be more efficient and minimize errors in data processing, especially in the loan administration (credit) section of CUM Caritas HKBP. In this research, in the process of collecting data, the researcher used the method of observation, interviews and literature study and the method of system development to be used was the Prototype method. The information system to be designed will be in the form of a web and use the MySQL database. It is hoped that this research can solve the problem of Loan Administration (Credit) at CUM Caritas HKBP Pematangsiantar.
The challengein mineral processing for low-grade ores and man-made waste: how toreducethe negative environmental impact from the mining industry?.
Authors:   Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Svetlov Anton V. , Krasavtseva Evgeniya A. ,   Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goryachev Andrey A. ,   Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Potorochin Evgeny O. ,   Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2021

The paper presents a brief overview of the current state of involvement in processing of low-gradede-posits of sulfide copper-nickel oresandmining waste of non-ferrous metallurgy. Examples of foreign and Russian experience are given. A possible method for geotechnological processing of substandard sulfide ore material containing non-ferrous metals and iron is presented on the examples of objects in the Mur-mansk region. The problem of fixing dusty surfaces of the tailing dump is considered. An assessment of the possibilities of chemical coagulation for wastewater treatment is given.
Evaluation of ecotourism potential of protected areasin the Murmansk region.
Authors:   Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrova O. V.
Published: February 2021

The methodology of ecotourism potential evaluation in protected areas has been presented, the Mur-mansk region as a case study.The attractive protected areas for tourismtrade have been defined at the first stage. Among areas with the maximal scores are: National Park«Khibiny», Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute, Nature Parks «Poluostrova Rybachy i Sredny» and «Korablekk», Zakaznik «Kutsa», the Lapland State Nature Reserve and Nature Monuments «AstrophyllityGoryEveslogchorr», «Kriptogram-movoyeUshchelye», «Ushchelye Aikuaivenchorr», «Vodopad na Reke Shuoniyoki » and «Amethysts of Ship Cape». Whether it’s possibleto combine the tourism and nature conservation, we have evaluated at the next stage. National Park «Khibiny», Nature Park «Poluostrova Rybachy i Sredny», Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Instituteand Zakaznik «Kutsa» have got the highest scores. The recommendations for tourist trade have been offered for each group of protected areas.
Advocacy for Multiculturalism and Immigrants' Rights: The Effect of U. S. Immigration Legislation on American Public Libraries: 1876-2020
Authors: Jones Jr, Plummer
Published: February 2021

The American Library Association (ALA), founded in 1876, demonstrated its advocacy for immigrants' rights and multiculturalism in adult library services, from 1918 to 1948 in the Committee on Work with the Foreign Born (CWFB), which served as a clearinghouse for Americanization (assimilation) services within a philosophical framework of cultural pluralism, now known as multiculturalism. The ALA CWFB throughout its existence depended on grants from the Carnegie Corporation from 1911 to 1961 through the American Association for Adult Education (1915-41), and the Ford Foundation, through its Fund for Adult Education (1951-61). Beginning in 1956 with the Library Services Act, the federal government began to fund libraries, including programs for immigrants, African Americans, Native Americans, and adult illiterates. Since 1972, the Reference & User Services Association (RUSA) has provided literacy training for foreign- and native-born adult illiterates; and the Public Library Association (PLA) has supported programs to prepare New Americans for citizenship. Since 1983, the ALA Ethnic and Multicultural Information Exchange Round Table (EMIERT) has encouraged access to multicultural publications and collaborates with ALA affiliates for various ethnic and minority groups. The ALA advocates for the rights of DACA recipients and supports the need for a DREAMER (Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors) Act.
Conventional and Current way of Interpretation and Cost Forecasting
Authors: Nazmul Shahin ripon , Sanjoy Riyaaz
Published: February 2021

This study discuses Short-term cost interpretation, regression analysis with time-series data, long term cost interpretation, Regression analysis using cross-section data, cost forecasting and Changes in the productivity of production factors. Short-term cost interpretation lead to short-term decisions, the concept of incramental costs has a very important role which includes variable costs and changes in fixed costs.  Long term cost interpretation to analyze the production function of several different firms, long-run cost estimates can be used. Based on these conditions, the estimation of long-term costs uses cross-section data. Forecasting costs for various levels of output in the coming period requires an assessment of changes in the efficiency of the production process physically, plus changes in the prices of production factors used in the production process.
Good Financial Planning Considering the Exchange Rate Fluctuation
Authors: Alisbha Cordelia , Intishar Ibtisam Abnaty
Published: February 2021

The study discusses planning a management function, the success or failure of achieving predetermined goals depends on planning The financial planning process rate and political stability in saving money, Two important aspects in the financial planning process (1) Cash planning, which includes the preparation of the company's cash budget. (2) Profit planning, corporate profit planning made in the form of a pro forma financial report. Interest rate, changes in interest rates will affect the value of a country's currency in general against the dollar. Currency trading rates (forex), interest rates, and inflation are all interrelated. An increase in the interest rate causes a country's currency to appreciate. Political Stability the political stability and economic performance of a country can affect the strength of its currency.
Economic policy measures for stimulating innovative development
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Shumskaia Ekaterina I.
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of a study of the state role in the modern process of innovative development. It relies on academic literature and research to evaluate government measures, such as creating the necessary environment, subsidies and various tax incentives. The analysis of the indirect impact on the innovative development of the country is made through the education and training of scientists and researchers, creation of institutions, as well as supporting the structure for the commercialization of innovation. The synthesis of estimates of the effectiveness of government intervention in the innovative development of the economy is used. A comparative analysis revealed the features of the innovation system in Russia: in comparison with developed countries, unique conditions were created for business development through a comprehensive fiscal policy, however, private sector interest in innovation remains low. Therefore, priority directions in development remain measures to improve the business climate, increase the investment attractiveness of the country and promote competition. With a high degree of involvement of domestic universities in R&D, the relationship with the private sector remains poorly developed, which impedes the commercialization of projects under development, which also leads to the leakage of personnel from the country and reduces the competitiveness of domestic enterprises. The state should create the necessary conditions for the development of an innovative economy and actively work to eliminate these barriers, primarily by stimulating business activity and internal competition. In the future, it is necessary to develop sectors that already have serious competitive advantages, such as oil and gas, mining, agriculture, as well as the banking sector, transport, food processing and electricity, and also focus on development choices full-time promising areas with personnel potential.
The effects of cadmium on growth, some anatomical and physiological parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: ÖZYİĞİT İbrahim İlker , BAKTİBEKOVA Dilbara , HOCAOĞLU-ÖZYİĞİT Aslı , KURMANBEKOVA Gülbübü , CHEKİROV Kadyrbay , YALÇIN İbrahim Ertuğrul
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, increased population and traffic density, together with the development of industry, caused increasing levels of heavy metals releasing to the environment, and environmental pollution has reached its highest level worldwide. Chemical products, fertilizers, industrial dyes, construction materials, silver dental fillings and vaccines are some of the well-known sources of heavy metals exposed the environment. Toxic heavy metals can normally be present in body parts of living things at very low levels, but at higher concentrations they can show toxic effects depending on species and duration. Among heavy metals, cadmium is one of the most harmful ones to the environment, humans, animals and plants, and can be toxic even at low concentrations. Thus in this study, Cd was applied to the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants grown in Kyrgyzstan in different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μM for experimental groups) and in addition to accumulations in different plant parts, some growth, development, physiological and anatomic parameters were measured. As a result, it was observed that wheat plants were affected by all Cd concentrations, although they were able to manage lower stress in terms of some parameters. It was also seen that plants were negatively affected by higher levels of Cd stress, although remained alive throughout the experimental period.
Cadmium stress in barley seedlings: Accumulation, growth, anatomy and physiology
Authors: ÖZYİĞİT İbrahim İlker , ABAKİROVA Aizada , HOCAOĞLU-ÖZYİĞİT Aslı , KURMANBEKOVA Gülbübü , CHEKİROV Kadyrbay , YALÇIN Bestenur , YALÇIN İbrahim Ertuğrul
Published: February 2021

Heavy metal stress has marked effects on some growth parameters, physiology, anatomy, and genetics of plants. Among heavy metals, cadmium (Cd) is an extremely toxic one and effects living organisms at even low concentrations. The presence of Cd in air, water and soil and its accumulation in plants create significant negations such as cancer, renal failure, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases in humans when taken from direct and indirect ways. The defense mechanism of the plants which is responsible from stress tolerance can be investigated to improve crop yield under Cd stress. Numerous studies have shown negative effects in plants exposed to Cd. Therefore, in this study, 0 (for control), 50, 100, 200 and 400 μM (for experimental groups) CdCl2 were applied to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants and some growth, development, physiological and anatomical parameters were measured. As a result, it has been observed that barley plants can manage stress in terms of some parameters under low Cd stress conditions, however, they are negatively affected at all Cd concentrations to a certain extent. In addition, it was observed that barley plants were adversely affected by high levels of Cd stress, although they maintained their vitality throughout the experiment.
DEFICIÊNCIAS FÍSICAS: BARREIRAS NA APRENDIZAGEM E ADAPTAÇÕES DO AMBIENTE ACADÊMICO
Authors: Germana Pires Eliene
Published: February 2021

Esta pesquisa identificou que as principais barreiras na aprendizagem dos alunos deficientes físicos são: físicas, atitudinais e de comunicação em razão de muitas escolas ainda não contarem com estruturas físicas adaptadas e profissionais capacitados para lidar com deficiências diversas. Notou-se que há a necessidade de adaptações do ambiente acadêmico para superar as barreirasque interferem no processo de ensino-aprendizagem do acadêmico com deficiência física tais como: construção de rampas de acessos, banheiros para cadeirantes, contratação de redução do preconceito e tecnologias assistivas. Mediante uma pesquisa descritiva que teve o questionário, mediado por uma entrevista, como instrumento de coleta de dados, notou-se que o nãooferecimento de condições de acesso, permanência, sucesso e garantia do padrão de qualidade desse processo incidem sobre as dificuldades de aprendizagem, nas notas baixas e no processo de interação destes alunos. Este trabalho serviu de norte para a eliminação de barreiras físicas, atitudinais e de comunicação da aprendizagem da pessoa com deficiência.
E+A Galaxy Candidates in and around the Virgo Cluster
Authors: Wurmser Serena , Quayum Rafid , Liu Charles
Published: February 2021

E+A galaxies are post-starburst galaxies that have recently undergone complete quenching of their star formation, making them a valuable source for studying the evolution of galaxies and their environments. Using the Extended Virgo Cluster Catalog, we manually identified 125 “green” and 24 “blue” E+A galaxy candidates within the Virgo Cluster based on their spectral shape, u − r color, lack of Hα emission, and hydrogen Balmer absorption. Interestingly, we found a higher density of E+A galaxy candidates in the Virgo Cluster than that of most other low-redshift clusters, and several regions of particularly high E+A density within the Virgo Cluster. The large number of E+As in and around the Virgo Cluster hints at the influence of a dense galaxy environment on the formation of E+A galaxies, and the potential value of E+A galaxies as a diagnostic tool to study the evolution of clusters.
Evaluation of Retina Exposition by Optical Incapacitating Device
Authors: Racek F. , Baláž T. , Leuchter J. , Krejčí J. , Bajer J.
Published: February 2021

It has turned out that the usage of non-lethal weapons is an effective way of tackling adversaries in many security scenarios. The security staff’s goal is to use the lowest possible level of power needed to manage successfully the situation during the conflicts with adversaries. The security staff can employ a wide spectrum of possible reactions beginning with the voice alert through the physical interaction up to the usage of e.g. firearms. The optical incapacitating device is one of possible realizations of non-lethal weapons. Therefore, the article deals with the description of the designed optical incapacitating device and the evaluation of retina exposition when used.
Improved Estimation of Air-to-Air Missile Aerodynamic Characteristics with Using CFD Method
Authors: Vasek D. , Polacek J. , Konecny P.
Published: February 2021

The paper describes a solving procedure of the special Finite Volume Method (FVM) problem dealing with calculation of a flow field around air-to-air missile at subsonic, transonic and supersonic velocity range in order to obtain a coefficient of drag (cD). Some emphasis is put on numerical solution and fundamentals of FVM and use of a k-ω turbulence model for simulation of subsonic and supersonic flow fieldsaround air-to-air missile AIM-9 Sidewinder version M. Obtained results of missile aerodynamics characteristics are verified using semi-empirical software and by analysis of flow fields.
Influence of Wave Shaper Position on Jet Formation and Penetration Depth
Authors: Do V. , Le M. , Bui X. , Pham H. , Nguyen P.
Published: February 2021

The article presents the influence of the wave shaper position on the jet formation and penetration depth of a shaped charge, which uses the liner of the PG-7VM warhead by numerical method and experimental method. The results show that, when moving the plexiglass wave shaper position towards the liner apex, the jet tip velocity and the jet velocity gradient increase. In addition, the results of the study also pointed out the existence of the wave shaper position at which the penetration depth is greatest. They indicate a match between the simulation and experimental results. The differences between simulated and experimental penetration depth are less than 15%. The results of the study are the basis for the evaluation of the influence of the wave shaper position on the liner collapse and the reasonable use of the wave shaper in the structure of the shaped charge.
A Motion Model of a Complex-Shaped Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicle
Authors: Nguyen D. , Horák V. , Tran H. , Nguyen L. , Hoang C.
Published: February 2021

The knowledge of velocities of a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) is crucial for the study of the ROV motion. The ROV motion equations are complemented by hydrodynamic parameters and forces acting upon the ROV. The matrices of hydrodynamic damping coefficients and external forces acting upon the ROV are considered in this study as well. The computational results obtained by the Runge-Kutta method are compared with the experiment. It appears that the presented model can be useful for the design and investigation of remotely operated underwater vehicles.
The distribution and behavioral characteristics of plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae)
Authors: Qiu Jun , Ma Cang , Li Fang-Fang
Published: February 2021

Plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) are regarded as one of the main reasons for the degradation of alpine meadows in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). The population density of plateau pikas is directly related to the degree of grassland damage. In this study, a one-week field observation was conducted in the southeastern QTP in August 2019. Based on the photos and videos, the random encounter model (REM) was used to estimate the population density of plateau pikas, and the frequency of different behaviors was counted. The effects of water source distance and terrain on the distribution of plateau pikas were also investigated. In addition, the frequency of different behaviors of plateau pikas under different population densities was also explored. The observations and knowledge derived from this study provide a reference for the population control of plateau pikas.
Primulina papillosa (Gesneriaceae), a new species from limestone areas of Guangxi, China
Authors: Wen Fang , Xin Zi-Bing , Chou Wei-Chuen , Maciejewski Stephen , Fu Long-Fei
Published: February 2021

Primulina papillosa Z.B. Xin, W.C. Chou & F. Wen, a new species from limestone areas of Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. It resembles P. linearifolia (W.T. Wang) Yin Z. Wang and P. pseudolinearifolia W.B. Xu & K.F. Chung, but can be easily distinguished by some combined characters, especially its leaf blades densely papillose-hispid. We found only one population at the type locality with no more than 200 individuals so that this new species is provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) using IUCN criteria.
Rediscovery and distribution extension of the rare Kukri Snake, Oligodon hamptoni Boulenger, 1918 (Reptilia, Serpentes, Colubridae), with the first record of this species from China
Authors: Lee Justin L. , Yang Jian-Huan , Yushchenko Platon , Poyarkov Jr Nikolay A.
Published: February 2021

Oligodon hamptoniis a rare species of Kukri Snake known from only two specimens, both collected nearly a century ago in northern Myanmar. Here, we report the third record of this species based on a photograph taken in Mt. Gaoligongshan, Tengchong City, Yunnan Province, China, approximately 235 km northeast of the nearest record in Bhamo District, Kachin State, Myanmar. We also provide a detailed redescription of the holotype, showing that the photo record from Mt. Gaoligongshan can be unambiguously identified to this species. This rediscovery represents the first observation ofO. hamptoniin China and is the first report of this species in almost 100 years.
Reproductive biology and recruitment of bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix (Perciformes: Pomatomidae) in the southwestern Atlantic
Authors: de Souza Geysa Marinho , Monteiro-Neto Cassiano , da Costa Marcus Rodrigues , Bastos Ana Luiza , Martins Raquel Rennó Mascarenhas , Vieira Francyne Carolina dos Santos , de Andrade-Tubino Magda Fernandes , Tubino Rafael de Almeida
Published: February 2021

The bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix (Linneus 1766) is captured by industrial, artisanal, and recreational fisheries throughout its distribution range. The reproductive biology of P. saltatrix in the southwestern Atlantic was studied using 1,102 specimens captured by the Brazilian commercial fleet between March 2014 and December 2015. The recruitment period was identified from records of juveniles in experimental beach seine hauls carried out on sandy beaches in the external sector of Guanabara Bay for four years (2012–2015). Based on the reproductive indices and on the macro- and microscopic analyses of the gonads, spawning peaks were identified in autumn and spring. The size at first maturity was estimated at 35.5, 38.3, and 37.4 cm for females, males, and general, respectively. Ovary analyses and measurements of the oocyte diameters indicated that bluefish are multiple spawners with asynchronous oocyte development. The batch fecundity estimate was 202,752.5 eggs and ranged from 9,800.9 to 426,787.0 eggs. The species reproduces throughout the entire study area, but it is more active in the south of Arraial do Cabo. The young-of-the-year were recorded on shallow water in all seasons, with modal peaks in the summer months. The parameters estimated in this study expand and update information on this species, providing important data for the evaluation and fisheries management of the stock of P. saltatrix in the southwestern Atlantic.
Stirrup forces during approach, take-off and landing in horses jumping 70 cm
Authors: Marlin D.J. , Martin H.P. , Hughes S. , Williams J.M.
Published: February 2021

Stirrups aid the rider to stabilise their lower leg allowing it to be used effectively for communication and in maintaining their position in the saddle. Relatively few studies have investigated stirrup forces and to the best our knowledge no studies have reported stirrup forces in jumping. The aim of the present study was to measure stirrup forces in five showjumping horses ridden by the same professional rider. All horses were in regular training and competition jumping at least 30 cm higher than the fence used for the study. The fence chosen was a 70 cm upright with a pole at the top and a groundline. Right and left stirrup forces were measured using wireless load cells placed between the stirrup leathers and the stirrup. The signals were transmitted and digitised at 100 Hz and synchronised with video from a webcam using an inertial measurement unit. After warming-up, including over jumps, each horse attempted the jump three times from each rein in canter (3 horses left then right rein; 2 horses right then left rein). Mean peak total (sum of left and right) stirrup force for the approach (n=5 strides per horse per jump), take-off and landing phase of the jump was 1,034±110, 1,042±284 and 1,447±256 N (range 905 to 1,815 N), respectively (mean ± standard deviation). There was no significant difference between right or left mean peak stirrup force during approach or take-off, but mean peak force was consistently higher on the right stirrup during the early phase of landing on either the right or left rein (right: 827±320 N; left: 615±336 N; P<0.05). In conclusion, the mean total peak stirrup forces measured in the present study in the same rider jumping five different horses over a 70 cm single upright fence are similar to previous reports of peak stirrup forces in gallop and consistent with observations of asymmetric loading of the saddle and horses’ backs by riders.
Direct method to solve linear-quadratic optimal control problems
Authors: Aliane Mohamed , Bentobache Mohand , Moussouni Nacima , Marthon Philippe
Published: February 2021

In this work, we have proposed a new approach for solving the linear-quadratic optimal control problem, where the quality criterion is a quadratic function, which can be convex or non-convex. In this approach, we transform the continuous optimal control problem into a quadratic optimization problem using the Cauchy discretization technique, then we solve it with the active-set method. In order to study the efficiency and the accuracy of the proposed approach, we developed an implementation with MATLAB, and we performed numerical experiments on several convex and non-convex linear-quadratic optimal control problems. The obtained simulation results show that our method is more accurate and more efficient than the method using the classical Euler discretization technique. Furthermore, it was shown that our method fastly converges to the optimal control of the continuous problem found analytically using the Pontryagin's maximum principle.
Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in the Lungs Protect against Acute Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Authors: Luangrath Mitchell A , Schmidt Megan E , Hartwig Stacey M , Varga Steven M
Published: February 2021

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children. The T cell response plays a critical role in facilitating clearance of an acute RSV infection, and memory T cell responses are vital for protection against secondary RSV exposures. Tissue-resident memory (TRM) T cells have been identified as a subset of memory T cells that reside in nonlymphoid tissues and are critical for providing long-term immunity. There is currently limited information regarding the establishment and longevity of TRM T cell responses elicited following an acute RSV infection as well as their role in protection against repeated RSV infections. In this study, we examined the magnitude, phenotype, and protective capacity of TRM CD4 and CD8 T cells in the lungs of BALB/c mice following an acute RSV infection. TRM CD4 and CD8 T cells were established within the lungs and waned by 149 d following RSV infection. To determine the protective capacity of TRMs, FTY720 administration was used to prevent trafficking of peripheral memory T cells into the lungs prior to challenge of RSV-immune mice, with a recombinant influenza virus expressing either an RSV-derived CD4 or CD8 T cell epitope. We observed enhanced viral clearance in RSV-immune mice, suggesting that TRM CD8 T cells can contribute to protection against a secondary RSV infection. Given the protective capacity of TRMs, future RSV vaccine candidates should focus on the generation of these cell populations within the lung to induce effective immunity against RSV infection.
Assessment of serum uric acid levels in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Benin City
Authors: Atoe Kenneth , Eguvbe Augustine Onovuakpo
Published: February 2021

Elevated Uric acid levels in humans have been associated with cancer, though the pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. The present study attempts to investigate if elevated uric acid levels could be used to investigate the pre-malignant lesions leading to cervical cancer. The study which was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin City and Department of Chemical Pathology, Edo University Iyamho, Edo state Nigeria, between August, 2017 and January 2019, examined the capacity of detecting Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) early with serum uric acid in order to increase the chances of survival of women at risk. A total of 197 female participants were recruited for the study. Based on histological diagnosis, they were grouped as CIN 1, CIN 2 and CIN 3. The control group were negative for CIN. Venous blood was obtained from participants and serum uric acid levels were determined using standard laboratory methods. The benchmark for serum uric acid levels in diagnosing CIN presented in this study was at 6.55 mg/dL. The probability that uric acid level higher than 6.55 mg/dL indicate the disease probabilty was 93.1%. The age category within the CIN group with the highest level of uric acid was 31-40 years (10.86 mg/dL). The use of serum uric acid as an excellent biomarker for the diagnosis of CIN is therefore suggested due to its high sensitivity.
Geleneksel Eğitim Anlayışının Üç İdiot Filmi Üzerinden Eleştirel Bir Analizi
Authors: ÇAKAR BİKİÇ Nagihan
Published: February 2021

Sinema sanatı ele aldığı ve konu edindiği kavram, yaklaşım ve olaylarla ilgili bağlı bulunduğu toplumun bakış açısını yarattığı temsiller üzerinden izleyiciye -dolaylı veya dolaysız bir biçimde- iletmektedir. Sinemanın bu işlevinden hareket eden bu çalışmanın amacı, eğitim sistemini ve bunun sonuçlarını odak noktası olarak belirleyen Üç İdiot filmini eleştirel bir perspektifle analize tabi tutmak ve filmin düşünsel olarak ana izleğini oluşturan “Bankacı Eğitim Modeli”nin öğrenciler üzerinde yarattığı olumsuz etkileri ve travmaları filmde yer alan temsiller üzerinden tespit etmek ve aktarmaktır. Bu amaçla filmde yer alan öğrenci, öğretmen ve öğrenci-öğretmen ilişkisi temsilleri çerçeveleme çözümlemesi yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiş ve ortaya çıkan veriler analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada filmde yer alan temsillerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda baskıcı ve otoriter toplumlarda geleneksel eğitim anlayışına uygun düşen Bankacı Eğitim Modeli’nin öğrencileri pasifleştirdiği, edilgen bir nesne olarak konumlandırdığı ve öğrencinin sorun karşısında yaratıcı çözümler sunma yeteneğine ket vurduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu model yerine Brezilyalı eğitimci ve filozof Paul Frierie’nin önerdiği probleme dayalı eğitim modelinin özgür ve eleştirel bakış açısına sahip bireylerin yetişmesinde etkili ve başarılı bir model olduğu tespit edilmiş ve bunun nedenselliği üzerine geliştirilen düşünceler paylaşılmıştır.
Postoje obyvateľov hlavného mesta Slovenskej republiky voči vybraným témam reklamy. Časť II.
Authors: Jantová Martina , Štarchoň Peter
Published: February 2021

As part of the process of implementing an advertising campaign, the participating parties, primarily the advertiser and the advertising agency, respectively communication agency, have social responsibility, which manifests itself in an ethical level. Since the implementation of an advertising campaign is initiated by a specifc company or other client, its recipients or the target group itself, instead of accepting it, may not only perceive it as unsolicited, but also as annoying. It is on the attitudes of the recipients of advertising, in the case of this contribution the attitudes of the inhabitants of the capital of the Slovak Republic, that are oriented to the outputs of the primary research. The article emphasizes the attitudes of recipients towards selected controversial aspects of advertising, namely attitudes towards advertising of cigarettes, hard alcohol, beer, wine and medicines and attitudes towards erotic motives in advertising. The starting point for the research was “Czechs and advertising for year 2020”. In Slovakia, 726 respondents took part in the research.