bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development strategy of the registry of donors of hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Loginova M. A. , Paramonov I. V.
Published: January 2021

Aim of the study— to develop a strategy for the recruiting potential donors to the registry, which is based on the biological characteristics of russian populations.Materials and methods. The object of the study was 35,117 potential donors of the hematopoietic stem cells of the registry of KRIHBT FMBA of Russia, recruited in 22 subjects of the Russian Federation.Results. Based on a comparison of the HLA-A-B-C-DRB1 haplotype profiles of local donor populations, calculated using the EM-algorithm in the Arlequin v.3.5.2.2 software, with the profile of the pooled donor population of the registry, general requirements for the recruitment of potential hematopoietic stem cells donors to the registry were formulated.
Limb salvage surgery as a priority direction in the combined treatment of bone sarcomas
Authors: Dzampaev A. Z. , Nisichenko D. V. , Hestanov D. B.
Published: January 2021

Currently a priority in children oncology is a limb salvage treatment. Achieved in recent years advances in chemotherapy of malignant bone tumors, improved surgical techniques, and also introduction in orthopedics of the newest technologies allow to considerably expand the indications for endoprosthesis. A feature in cases in children of early age is the use of sliding implants type non-invasive and minimally invasive that subsequently allows gradual correction of leg length and avoid the various disorders of musculoskeletal system (shortened limbs, spinal deformity), thereby improving the quality of life of patients. In some cases, for example, when a tumor is localized in the upper limb region, the optimal solution may be the use of autologous grafts on microvascular anastomoses. In the case of tumor localization in the pelvic region, the use of implants made by means of 3D-modeling, in our opinion, is also an optimal solution.
Discovery of Potent Natural-Product-Derived SIRT2 Inhibitors Using Structure- Based Exploration of SIRT2 Pharmacophoric Space Coupled With QSAR Analyses
Authors: Khanfar Mohammad A. , Alqtaishat Saja
Published: January 2021

Background:

SIRT2 belongs to a class III of Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) and has crucial roles in
neurodegeneration and malignancy.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to discover structurally novel natural-product-derived SIRT2 inhibitors.

Methods:

Structure-based pharmacophore modeling integrated with validated QSAR analysis was implemented
to discover structurally novel SIRT2 inhibitors from the natural products database. The targeted QSAR model
combined molecular descriptors with structure-based pharmacophore capable of explaining bioactivity variation
of structurally diverse SIRT2 inhibitors. Manually built pharmacophore model, validated with receiver operating
characteristic curve, and selected using the statistically optimum QSAR equation, was applied as a 3Dsearch
query to mine AnalytiCon Discovery database of natural products.

Results :

Experimental in vitro testing of highest-ranked hits identified asperphenamate and salvianolic acid B
as active SIRT2 inhibitors with IC50 values in low micromolar range.

Conclusion:

New chemical scaffolds of SIRT2 inhibitors have been identified that could serve as a starting
point for lead-structure optimization.
Trends in Photocatalysis Research from the Year 2000 to 2020
Authors: Hassan Waseem , Zafar Mehreen , Kamdem Jean Paul , Duarte Antonia Eliene , da Rocha Joao Batista Teixeira , Kamal Mohammad Amjad
Published: January 2021

Background:

The sole objective of the present study is to explore the research trends in
photocatalysis.

Materials and Methods:

In this area, the first document was published in the year 1921 and until
August 2020, a total of 6940 documents have been archived in the Scopus database.

Results and Discussion:

It is worthy to note that after 2000, a remarkable increase in publications
has been noticed. In fact, 6605 articles have been published after 2000. The highest number of
publications have been reported in 2019 (784/11.87% of 6605) followed by 2018 (740/11.20% of
6605) and 2017 (624/9.45% of 6605). We calculated the per year growth rate and doubling time of
publications. In research publications, the top three (3) countries are China (3030/43.65%), USA
(704/10.14%) and India (503/7.24%). We provided the details which may explain why China is the
global leader in photocatalysis research. Furthermore, by Vosviewer analysis, we provided the coauthorship
and citation details of only research articles and reviews (total 6197 documents). Based
on the (a) number of publications and (b) citations, the list of top ten (10) authors, institutes, countries
and source details are provided. We also performed the Vosviewer analysis for China’s publications
(n=3030). The details about the top authors, institutes and collaborative countries are provided.
One of the fundamental questions is: what has been covered in photocatalysis research articles
and reviews (n=6197)? For this purpose, we manually analyzed 47,722 keywords and grouped
them into different categories.

Conclusion:

Mostly the document covered research under the names of photocatalysis, semiconductors,
photochemical sources, instrumental techniques, electrochemistry, nanomaterials and water
treatment. We extended the idea and explored the research publications in selected semiconductors
(like titanium, graphene, cadmium, bismuth and iron-based compounds), water purification,
toxic pollutants, photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide, nanomaterials and certain specific instruments
like SEM, TEM & XRD, etc.
COVID-19 and the Challenges of Chemotherapy: The Failure Case of Hydroxychloroquine in the Clinical Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Gomes Pollyanna Stephanie , Machado Patrícia de Almeida , Gomes Andre M.O. , Oliveira Andrea C. , Silva Jerson L. , Guedes Herbert Leonel de Matos
Published: January 2021

In December 2019, in Wuhan, China, an outbreak of a respiratory disease was reported,
and the causative agent of which was discovered to be the new coronavirus. This disease spread
rapidly around the world, and in March 2020, the WHO declared a state of pandemic. According to
the WHO situation in October report, more than 41,570.883 were affected, and 1,134.940 deaths
had occurred. Thus, the urgency to find therapeutic targets to prevent viral replication and a
vaccine to protect against the disease became a great challenge for researchers around the world. A
French group began using, in patients, a drug that had already been approved for human use, hydroxychloroquine
(HQ) alone or in combination with azithromycin. The use of a drug already approved
by regulatory agencies can enable treatment strategies to be put in place rapidly; however,
even though in vitro may indicate success, this is not always guaranteed. For HQ, some studies
have shown a satisfactory response in patients, while in many others, the result was not positive
and patients actually died. Furthermore, many adverse effects of HQ have been described. In this review,
we will briefly discuss how this therapy became an option for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2
infection. We will address the use of HQ in different pathologies and COVID-19 specifically; describing
the doses used, as well as the main adverse effects. The take-home message is that more efforts
are still required to conclude the efficacy of HQ against COVID-19, however, most of the
studies carried out currently are showing that the use of HQ does not bring benefits during treatment
of COVID-19.
Católicos e relações de classe: as visões de Liga Operária Católica, Juventude Operária Católica e Associação Cristã de Empresários e Gestores
Authors: Costa Joaquim
Published: January 2021

This paper focuses on a theme that has been underestimated: that of reciprocal relations and representations between Catholics separated by different class belongings, in this case, between employers and workers. These representations focus on the relationship between labor and capital, as well as on the production and distribution / redistribution of wealth, and involve the notion of social justice. I chose to study, three Catholic associations - one of businesspersons (Associação Cristã de Empresários e Gestores / ACEGE – Association of Christian Entrepreneurs and Managers), one of workers (Liga Operária Católica / LOC – Catholic Worker's League), another of young people, mainly students, but of working-class tradition (Juventude Operária Católica / JOC – Young Catholic Workers) - based on their own documents and interviews. ACEGE members see religion as integrative and never insubordinate in the company; LOC members reveal a disenchanted conception of economic relations that forces permanent mobilization and an eventually disruptive role for religion; JOC lacks systematic opinion and reveals the generational limits it faces.
Mekanisme Pembentukan Burr pada Pemesinan Frais Mikro Ti 6Al- 4V ELI dalam Keadaan Kering
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Saputra Endra , Ibrahim Gusri Akhyar , Harun Suryadiwansa , Supriyadi Eko Agus , Patihawa Armulani
Published: January 2021

One of the ingredients that are popular now is titanium, but titanium is a material that is difficult to process using conventional milling machining because of the poor thermal conductivity of the material so that the high-temperature machining process produced in the cutting zone causes plastic deformation in cutting tools and increased chemical reactivity in titanium. High-speed micro-milling machining can be used for micromachining of hard metals or alloys that are difficult to achieve at low speeds. Micro milling machining in titanium material 6Al-4V ELI with variations in milling knife diameter 1 and 2 mm, spindle speed 10.000 and 15.000 rpm, feed 0,001 and 0,005 mm / rev, depth of cut 100 and 150 μm, which then do data processing using the method Taguchi full factorial and theoretical analysis. The results showed that the diameter of the tool and into the cut had the greatest effect on burr formation, the greater the diameter of the milling blade resulted in the formation of shorter and smaller burrs, the use of a 1 mm diameter milling blade and a 150 μm depth cut gave rise to long burr formations and tight, while the use of a 2 mm diameter milling blade and a cutting depth of 100 μm give rise to a short and slight burr formation.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Cairan Pendingin (Coolant) terhadap Keausan Pahat Bubut HSS
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Widiyawati Sri , Novareza Oyong , Sulistyarini Dwi Hadi , Putro Wisnu Wijayanto
Published: January 2021

Lathe Machine can use for several kinds of the process such as turning, drilling, boring, tapering, and threading. The lathe machine process requires some interaction between processing material with the chisel. Time processing that reaches the worn-out limit is likely called chisel life. One of the factors that affected chisel worn-out is the use of coolant. Therefore researched the effect of one of the variable process that is coolant to HSS Carbide worn-out chisel to predict the lifetime of it. This research was conducted three times without using a coolant, using a coolant ratio of 1:30, and using a coolant ratio of 1:40. The spindle speed of the lathe used is 400 rpm. The tool wear was analyzed through measurement with callipers and the help of CorelDraw X7 software. Based on the measurements made, the results showed that the highest tool wear was found in HSS chisels with 1:40 coolant application, which was a reduction of 1.4 mm.
О ширине запрещенной зоны AgSbSe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-
Authors: Рагимов С.С. , Багиев В.Э. , Алиева А.И. , Саддинова А.А.
Published: January 2021

Spectral ellipsometric studies of AgSbSe2 have been carried out, and the spectra of optical constants and permittivity have been determined in the photon energy range of 0.07-6.5 eV. To describe the obtained spectra, the Tauc-Laurents, modified Forouhi-Bloomer and Cody-Laurents models were used. It was found that the Cody-Laurents model better describes the sub-edge region of the spectrum of optical constants. It is shown that the spatial structural disordering of AgSbSe2 crystals has a significant effect on the optical properties, the shape of the absorption edge, and the structure of the band gap. Based on the analysis of the obtained spectra and using various methods, the band gap of AgSbSe2, Еg = 0.32 eV, was determined.
Transmitted Donor Immunology Not Infection: Common Persistence of Donor Hepatitis C Antibody Production in Aviremic Lung Transplant Recipients
Authors:   Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia, Smibert Olivia C , Doyle Joseph S , Jenney Adam WJ , Pilcher David , Paraskeva Miranda A , Westall Glen P , Snell Greg I
Published: January 2021

Since 2018 The American Society of Transplant has recommended that Hepatitis C Virus seropositive positive, non-viremic donors (HCVAb+/NAT-) be considered non-infectious and safe for transplantation. This report describes clinical outcomes and HCV serological and virological outcomes following lung transplantation (LTx) utilizing such donors. This retrospective cohort study describes seven HCVAb+/NAT- donors used for bilateral LTx. Donor information was sourced from the national organ donation service and recipient information from the institutional LTx database. Seven deceased donors (three female, median age 53, range 37-63 years) acquired HCV from injecting drug use (n=4), blood products (n=1), unknown (n=1). Four donors had been previously treated and cleared of HCV (sustained virological response at 24 weeks) before death. Seven recipients (2 female, median age 56, range 51-71 years), with pulmonary fibrosis (n=4), re-do LTx (n=3), were waitlisted a median of 87 days (range 8-362). At post-LTx follow up, six of seven are alive with excellent graft function at a median 1625 days (range 779-2582). No patient developed clinical, biochemical or virological evidence of HCV infection, however five recipients demonstrated persistent HCVAb+ (all consistently NAT-) for a median 414 days (range 332-872) post-LTx. Two patients HCVAb sero-reverted at d731 and d1461. Two other recipients remained HCVAb- at d1621 and d1398 on repeat testing. There was no evidence of HCV transmission to seven LTx recipients from HCVAb+/NAT- life-saving lung donors, however persistent HCV Ab positivity was seen in 5 LTx recipients with two demonstrating remote sero-reversion. We postulate this may be a form of Passenger Lymphocyte Syndrome.
Hospital Costs and Long-term Survival of Patients Enrolled in an Enhanced Recovery Program for Open Liver Resection: Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jones Chris N , Morrison Ben L , Kelliher Leigh JS , Dickinson Matthew , Scott Michael , Cecconi Ebm Claudia , Karanjia Nariman , Quiney Nial
Published: January 2021

Background

The clinical benefits of enhanced recovery programs (ERPs) have been extensively researched, but few studies have evaluated their cost-effectiveness. Our ERP for open liver resection is based closely on the guidelines produced by the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Society (2016). This study follows on from a previous randomized controlled trial. We also undertook a long-term follow-up of the patients enrolled in the original trial alongside an analysis of the associated health economics.

Objective

We aimed to undertake a health economic and long-term survival analysis as part of a trial investigating the implementation of an ERP for open liver resection.

Methods

The enhanced recovery elements utilized included extra preoperative education, carbohydrate loading, oral nutritional supplements, postresection goal-directed fluid therapy (LiDCOrapid), early mobilization, and physiotherapy (twice a
day compared with once per day in the standard care group). A decision-analytic model was used to compare the study endpoints for ERP versus standard care provided to patients undergoing open liver resection. Outcomes obtained included costs per life-years gained. Resource use and costs were estimated from the perspective of the National Health Service of the United Kingdom. A decision tree and Markov model were constructed using results from our earlier trial and augmented by external data from other published clinical trials. Long-term follow-up was also undertaken for up to 5 years after the surgery, and data were analyzed to ascertain if the ERP conferred any benefit on long-term survival.

Results

Patients receiving ERP had an average life expectancy of 6.9 years versus 6.1 years in the standard care group. The overall costs were £9538.279 (£1=US $1.60) for ERP and £14,793.05 for standard treatment. This results in a cost-effectiveness ratio of –£6748.33/QALY. Patients receiving ERP required fewer visits to their general practitioner (P=.006) and required lesser help at home with day-to-day activities (P=.04) than patients in the standard care group. Survival was significantly improved at 2 years at 91% (42/46) for patients receiving ERP versus 73% (33/45) for the standard care group (P=.03). There was no statistically significant difference at 5 years after the surgery.

Conclusions

ERPs for patients undergoing open liver resection can improve their medium-term survival and are cost-effective for both hospital and community settings.
A Patient Journey Map to Improve the Home Isolation Experience of Persons With Mild COVID-19: Design Research for Service Touchpoints of Artificial Intelligence in eHealth
Authors: He Qian , Du Fei , Simonse Lianne W L
Published: January 2021

Background

In the context of the COVID-19 outbreak, 80% of the persons who are infected have mild symptoms and are required to self-recover at home. They have a strong demand for remote health care that, despite the great potential of artificial intelligence (AI), is not met by the current services of eHealth. Understanding the real needs of these persons is lacking.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to contribute a fine-grained understanding of the home isolation experience of persons with mild COVID-19 symptoms to enhance AI in eHealth services.

Methods

A design research method with a qualitative approach was used to map the patient journey. Data on the home isolation experiences of persons with mild COVID-19 symptoms was collected from the top-viewed personal video stories on YouTube and their comment threads. For the analysis, this data was transcribed, coded, and mapped into the patient journey map.

Results

The key findings on the home isolation experience of persons with mild COVID-19 symptoms concerned (1) an awareness period before testing positive, (2) less typical and more personal symptoms, (3) a negative mood experience curve, (5) inadequate home health care service support for patients, and (6) benefits and drawbacks of social media support.

Conclusions

The design of the patient journey map and underlying insights on the home isolation experience of persons with mild COVID-19 symptoms serves health and information technology professionals in more effectively applying AI technology into eHealth services, for which three main service concepts are proposed: (1) trustworthy public health information to relieve stress, (2) personal COVID-19 health monitoring, and (3) community support.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Bubuk Sargassum hystrix Selama Penyimpanan pada Suhu Berbeda
Authors: Afgatiani Pingkan Mayestika , Husni Amir , Budhiyanti Siti Ari
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of storage temperature on the antioxidant activity of Sargassum hystrix. Samples were collected from Sepanjang Beach Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, and dried, pulverized, and then stored for two months at room temperature (17-33 °C), refrigerator (4 °C) and freezer (-18°C). Furthermore, the samples were tested every two weeks to determine their water content, total phenol, DPPH, and FIC. Also, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed for two months before and after storage. The results showed that the water content increased after treatments, along with storage time which ranges from 8.55 to 14.27 %. Total phenol before storage was 175.73 mg GAE/g extract, and freezing has the highest total phenol levels after storage which was 22.07 mg GAE/g extract. Also, DPPH testing showed S. hystrix has anIC50 value of 0.45 mg/mL, and refrigeration has the lowest IC50 value of 3.18 mg/mL. FIC test showed IC50 value of 1.44 mg/mL, and freezing has the lowest FIC IC50 value of 15.36 mg/mL. In addition, GC-MS sample analysis before storage detected 8 compounds with antioxidant activity of 86.96 %. After two months, they were detected at room temperature, refrigerator, and freezing which are 4, 3, and 8 compounds respectively.
Migration Pattern across the Indian States—Analysis of Census 2001 and 2011
Authors: Brar Kirandeep , Seo Bosu
Published: January 2021

The main objective of this paper is to study the interstate migration pattern in India. The data is collected for 13 states of India classified as low, middle and high-income states. The study is conducted based on census data 2001 and 2011, and the net migration rate is computed. The research demonstrates that there is a positive relation between inward migration and development. To support this argument, the data for per capita income, literacy rate of the population age 7 years and above, and the unemployment rate for years 2001 and 2011 are collected from various sources. This paper will also highlight the four phases of demographic transition in India. The data from the World Bank is collected to identify any changes in the birth rate per thousand, the death rate per thousand, and the life expectancy at birth from 1901-2011. The age dependency ratio for 2001 and 2011 is compared for poor and rich states. The expected future consequences of changes in the age dependency ratio are also analyzed in conclusion. The paper also discusses the limitations of migration and the policies that can slow down the migration phenomenon.
FORMULATION, OPTIMIZATIONANDEVALUATION OF SUBLINGUAL FILM OF ENALAPRILMALEATE USING 32 FULL FACTORIAL DESIGN
Authors: SAHOO SATYAJIT , MALVIYA KIRTI , MAKWANA AMI , MOHAPATRA PRASANTA KUMAR , SAHU ASITRANJAN
Published: January 2021

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to formulate, optimize and evaluate sublingual film of Enalapril maleate for rapid management of Hypertension.

Methods: Sublingual films were prepared by solvent casting method. Present investigation were formulated by using HPMC E 15 (X1) as polymer and Polyethylene glycol (X2) as plasticizer were chosen as independent variables in 32 full factorial design while Tensile strength (TS), Disintegration time (DT) and % Cumulative drug release at 10 min. (% CDR) were taken as dependent variables. The various physical parameters were evaluated for sublingual films such as thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, disintegration time, surface pH and % CDR.

Results: From the experimental study, it was concluded that the optimized batch F8 showed 98.6 %, the highest release of the drug. Stability study was performed by taking an optimized formulation and it was observed stable. The sublingual films showed acceptable results in all studies such as thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, disintegration time, surface pH and % CDR at 10 min. R2 values for Tensile Strength (Y1), Disintegration time (Y2) and % cumulative drug release at 10 min. of Enalaprilmaleate(Y3) found to be 0.9852, 0.9829 and 0.9641 respectively. Thus, a good correlation between dependent and independent variables was developed.

Conclusion: 32 full factorial design was successfully applied during preparation, optimization and evaluation of sublingual films of Enalapril maleate. The present investigation showed quick disintegration and fast release of the drug for rapid management of Hypertension.
DETAILED VIEW ON REPURPOSED DRUGS, TRACKING OF VACCINES,AND BRIEF VIEW ON PROPHYLACTIC NANOMEDICINES AS AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH AND PATIENT CARE FOR COVID-19
Authors: NAIR KRISHNANJANA S. , KAMATH SHIVALI , RAJAN ARYA , THOMAS SACHIN , D. ASWIN , ZACHARIAH SUBIN MARY
Published: January 2021

In December 2019, a rare case of pneumonia was reported in Wuhan, China. This was later analyzed and known to have similar characteristics as viral pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus. Later, on 11 February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially named the disease as COVID19. The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) ought to taint both the upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract. This COVID-19 is spreading quickly with an immense rise in cases around the world. This infection's mechanism stays obscure, and the medications explicit for the infection were not grown at this point. Infection is highly contagious. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) is one of seven kinds of crown infection, including the one which causes severe maladies like Middle East respiratory disorder (MERS) and abrupt, intense respiratory syndrome(SARS). Since its revelation, the infection has spread and has caused anxiety and fear among people. Recent vaccines are tracked, and clinical trials can bring an immediate protocol on a medication approach. By including different therapeutic approaches, it is easier to combat the disease quickly. With very low mortality and high transmission rate, new approaches to vaccines and nanomedicines bring down the spread. Controlled patient care is also crucial. On 11 March, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the disease as 'global pandemic’. COVID-19, therefore, poses a significant threat to global public health.

This article reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnostic methods. The review also focuses on repurposed drugs, traced vaccines, and a quick view of prophylactic nanomedicines as an alternative for COVID 19. For this review, the complete database has been collected from various search engines such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Elsevier, etc., from the year 2001-2020 using the following keywords.
INFERENSI DALAM WACANA TEBAK KATA DI ACARA WAKTU INDONESIA BERCANDA
Authors: Ahmadi F Yusep , Fauziya Diena San
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian wacana yang memfokuskan pada telaah inferensi. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kebingungan atau kesalahpahaman yang dialami penyimak kuis tebak kata acara Waktu Indonesia Bercanda (WIB) yang disiarkan di NET TV. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan pola inferensi pada wacana tersebut. Penelitian semacam ini belum banyak dilakukan terlebih dengan mengambil wacana yang sedang hangat di masyarakat, yakni ‘acara tebak kata Waktu Indonesia Bercanda’.  Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif-deskriptif. Sumber data berasal dari website channel WIB di website youtube.com  yang berupa tuturan-tuturan teka teki yang ada di acara Waktu Indonesia Bercanda (WIB) dan akun instagram WIB_Net www.instagram.com/wib_net/. Data dianalisis secara interpretatif melalui teori inferensi prinsip penafsiran lokal dan analogi. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa pola inferensi dalam wacana tebak kata acara WIB memilki ketidakajegan. Sebagaian wacana berpola penafsiran lokal, berpola analogi sebagaian dari kata dalam teks. Selain itu, prinsip penafsiran lokal pun tidak sejalan dengan struktur teks, yakni terdapat pelanggaran terhadap ejaan dan koherensi koteks. Hal ini munjukkan terdapatnya pelanggaran-pelanggaran prinsip penafsiran lokal dan prinsip analogi. Hal itu menimbulkan kegagalan pragmatik bagi para penyimak wacana tersebut. Ketidakajegan inferensi dan pelanggaran prinsip-prinsip inferensi inilah yang dimanfaatkan acara tebak kata Waktu Indonesi Bercanda (WIB) dalam menarik penyimak atau penonton agar merasakan penasaran dan lucu dari acara tersebut.
[BOOK REVIEW] Refugees, Regionalism, and Responsibility
Authors: Alva Jenica
Published: January 2021

Penelope Mathew is a Professor of International Law and a Dean in Griffith Law School, Australia. She is a profound researcher in refugee law topics. She is admired for her innovative idea to promote regionalism as a tool for governments to leverage better protection for refugees. Studying an underexplored topic, Mathew is able to synthesize the complexity of regionalism in a simple manner to be understood easily by readers. The book is divided into two parts. The first part consists of three sub-parts: (1) regionalism position in international politics and refugee law; (2) philosophical and ethical reasons of states’ responsibility in the case of refugees; and (3) steps and actions for states to share responsibility in handling refugees. The second part looks at the regional arrangements for the protection of refugees in some detail, whether they have resulted in better refugee protection and durable solutions.
Challenges and Opportunities of the Establishment ASEAN Open Skies Policy
Authors: Heriyanto Dodik , Putro Yaries
Published: January 2021

Open skies policy is a concept of free market of airline industry. It eliminates single government’s influence in regulation and management of aviation industry. As implemented by the ASEAN Single Aviation Market (ASEAN-SAM) per 2015, the open skies policy aims to increase regional connectivity and regional economic growth by permitting airline industries from each ASEAN member states to fly above the Southeast Asian region without any barriers or restrictions. This policy has raised pros and cons from each ASEAN member state. Indonesia and some other states are still reluctant to adopt the open skies policy. By entering into commercial agreement to open their airspace, each member states will challenge their state sovereignty over the airspace above a state’s territory. This study argues that regional open skies policy provides greater economic advantages for the consumers of airline industry. However, this policy does not parallel to the basic principles of ASEAN. State sovereignty must be preserved in the liberalization that open skies represents. ASEAN Way, though inflexible, assigns member states with full sovereignty, which does not limit open skies policy implementation. This study, then, proposed legal framework through model of regional agreement to compromise between the state sovereignty principles and the regional open skies policy.
Legal Protection of Parties in Online Credit Agreement (Peer to Peer Lending) A Case Study of PT Vcard Technology Indonesia
Authors: Darma I Made , Jadnya Putu
Published: January 2021

The development of digital economy has led people to adapt to the use of services in information-technology-based loan or peer-to-peer lending. In early 2019, the V-loan case attracted attention of many people. The case has made debtors depressed, removed from their own houses, etc. Some debtors even were fired from works. In a case, the loan provider misused debtors’ personal data in debtors’ cell phones. The loan provider created WhatsApp groups containing all debtors’ contacts, including the debtors. Then, they uploaded pornographic content. Their objective was to defame debtors. Parties involved in loan agreement should adhere rules and arrange for reasonable loan. To discuss this matter, it is necessary to review agreement based on the Law on Electronic Information and Transaction and the Regulation of Financial Services Authority number 77 of 2016. The study focused on legal protection of parties involving in P2P lending activities. The credit agreement of peer-to-peer lending is considered valid if it is based on Article 47 of the Government Regulation number 82 of 2016. Standard contract must be based on Article 20 of the Regulation of Financial Services Authority number 77 of 2016. Electronic signature is also required based on Article 41 of the Regulation. In addition, the application of information technology and electronic transactions must be carried out based on the principles of legal certainty, benefits, good faith, and the freedom of choice of technology based on Article 3 of Law Number 19 of 2016. Principles and objectives are fundamental elements of legal certainty. Therefore, organizer and the government must protect user of peer-to-peer lending.
Freedom of Association Implementation through Legal Protection for Worker Union in Response to Anti-Union Actions by Employers
Authors: Singadimeja Holyness , Latipulhayat Atip , Singadimeja M. Nurdin
Published: January 2021

Indonesian labors have rights, either individually or collectively, to associate and to establish organizations. Union is one form of protection and enforcement of workers’ normative rights, on conditions that the rights are in line with, and does not conflict with, laws and regulations. The negative attitudes and perceptions of company management towards workers’ unions and legal norms still restrict the space for the unions. The situation enables the occurrence of anti-union actions by employers. It becomes increasingly difficult to stop because workers’ unions are often trapped by fanaticism that makes them difficult to unite perceptions regarding anti-union actions. This study aims to study the implementation of labor union legal protection by the government facing anti-union actions by employers. The study employed normative juridical, starting with a description of positive laws related to the problem under study. Subsequently, an analysis was carried out by using relevant legal concepts and theories, synchronizing regulations, examining applicable laws in concrete and legal principles as secondary data support. The primary data was obtained through interviews. The results show that the implementation of legal protection for labor unions could not be carried out according to the purpose of the regulation. Therefore, law enforcement on the anti-union actions could not be performed optimally. The National Police, labor inspectors, and civil servants with criminal investigator power were unable to handle anti-union actions. Civil Servants with criminal investigator power in the field of workforce possesses authority based on the law to conduct investigations but mostly, they have not been able to conduct the duty properly. The evidence is the low number of employers that are processed legally based on report to the court.
Hemolysis in children with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase deficiency after ingestion of fava beans; facts predicting severity
Authors: Ghali Hasanein Habeeb , Al Mamoori Doaa Alem
Published: January 2021

Objectives:  This study aimed to assess the demographic, clinical and biochemical characteristics as predictors of haemolysis after ingesting fava beans.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken. A total of 57 patients with G6PD deficiency were recruited from the Emergency Department of Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, Medical City. Data were collected using a specially designed form. A purposive sampling method was used to recruit 57 patients 49 males and 8 females who were visiting the pediatric emergency department from March to May 2017 with a presentation of acute hemolytic episode of G6PD. Patients were classified into mild or severe haemolysis groups based on their haemoglobin level at the time of admission.

Results: Younger age group patients tend to present with the severe form of hemolysis (3.59 years with a P value of 0.001). No significant gender susceptibility between both types of hemolysis. The urban area based living individuals tend to present with mild hemolysis while those from rural areas tends to present with more severe episodes of hemolysis (P value 0.001). There was a significant correlation between the type of fava bean ingestion (fresh or dried) and the severity of hemolysis, those who presented with more severe hemolysis usually had a history of ingestion of fresh type of fava bean. Eight individuals of severe type recorded previous episodes of hemolysis while three individuals of the mild type recorded previous episodes (P value 0.001). Family history of G6PD was significant in 88.2% of individuals with the severe form (P value 0.005).

Conclusions: This study is aimed to report several factors that might predict the severity of hemolysis among patients with G6PD deficiency. Younger age, residence in a rural region, ingestion of fresh fava beans, and history of frequent hemolysis incidents are predictors of developing severe hemolysis among children admitted to the emergency room of Children Welfare Teaching Hospital in Medical City/Baghdad.
Uma ideia de Safo
Authors: Brunhara Rafael
Published: January 2021

A lírica grega arcaica (produzida entre os séculos VII a.C. e meados de V a.C.) oferece uma variedade de desafios estimulantes para o tradutor. A instabilidade dos significados em um poema devido à sua concisão lapidar e brevidade, agravada pela distância espaço-temporal; a referência frequente ao momento da performance em que estes poemas se realizavam; o problema das leituras modernizantes da lírica arcaica, equivocamente aproximada da lírica moderna e, assim, tornada mais familiar à nossa sensibilidade...
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Usahatani Kelapa Kopyor Di Desa Ngagel, Kecamatan Dukuhseti, Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Sholikah Yusniyatin , Mulyatno Setiawan Bambang , Roessali Wiludjeng
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan usahatani kelapa kopyor di Desa Ngagel, Kecamatan Dukuhseti, Kabupaten Pati. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 24 Desember 2019 sampai 20 Januari 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei. Metode penentuan sampel yang digunakan yaitu dengan purposive sampling. Jumlah responden sebanyak 45 petani kelapa kopyor. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dengan wawancara dan observasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis biaya produksi, penerimaan dan pendapatan, serta analisis statistik yaitu regresi linier berganda Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi rata-rata kelapa kopyor 14 butir, rata-rata biaya produksi Rp. 105.907,21/0,030 ha/bulan, rata-rata penerimaan Rp. 470.000,00,-/0,030 ha/bulan untuk kelapa kopyor tipe dalam dan Rp. 595.000,00,-/0,030 ha/bulan untuk kelapa kopyor tipe genjah, serta rata-rata pendapatan sebesar Rp. 338.952,43,-/0,030 ha/bulan untuk kelapa kopyor tipe dalam Rp. 484.323,55,-/0,030 ha/bulan untuk kelapa kopyor tipe genjah. Faktor jumlah produksi, tenaga kerja dan tipe berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan kelapa kopyor, sedangkan faktor jumlah pohon tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan.
Manfaat Biosilika Dari Kompos Jerami Padi Terhadap Produksi Tanaman Sorgum
Authors: Bimasri John , Holidi Holidi , Murniati Nely
Published: January 2021

Tanaman sorgum merupakan sereal yang tergolong akumulator silika, sehingga membutuhkan banyak silika dalam pertumbuhannya. Peningkatan ketersediaan silika dalam tanah dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan biosilika dari jerami padi yang diolah menjadi kompos. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis manfaat biosilika yang berasal dari kompos jerami padi terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sorgum yang dibudidayakan pada lahan kering. Percobaan dilaksanakan di lahan kering Desa Air Satan Kabupaten Musi Rawas dari bulan Juni sampai September 2019, menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok non factorial yang diulang 4 kali. Biosilika yang dicobakan: B0 = tanpa biosilika, B1 = 50 kg Si ha-1, B2 = 100 kg Si ha-1, B3 = 150 kg Si ha-1, B4 = 200 kg ha-1, dan B5 = 250 kg Si ha-1. Sorgum varietas Samurai ditanam dengan jarak 25 cm x 60 cm pada petakan yang berukuran 1m x 5 m sebanyak 24 petakan dan diberi pupuk NPK (15:15:15) dengan dosis 300 kg ha-1, tanaman dipanen 110 hari setelah tanam. Peubah penelitian meliputi waktu berbunga (hst), tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), produksi per ha (ton), bobot 1.000 biji (g), dan bobot biomas basah (kg). Data dianalisis dengan analisis keragaman pada taraf uji 1% dengan uji beda nyata jujur (BNJ). Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa biosilika dari kompos jerami padi sangat nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sorgum. Pemberian biosilika pada tanaman sorgum di lahan kering sebanyak 250 kg ha-1 meningkatkan produksi sebesar 78%.
Arahan Penggunaan Lahan Berdasarkan Kelas Kemampuan Lahan Di Sub Das Bubuh Kabupaten Bangli Provinsi Bali
Authors: Meydiana Putri Adinda , Sumarniasih Made Sri , Puja I Nyoman
Published: January 2021

Kerusakan sumber daya lahan yang banyak terjadi di bagian hulu Daerah Aliran Sungai, akibat dari kegiatan manusia yang tidak memperhatikan kemampuan lahan tersebut. Oleh karena itu penggunaan lahan berdasarkan kelas kemampuan lahan penting untuk meminimalisir terjadinya kerusakan lahan, yang berdampak pada menurunnya produktivitas lahan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan kelas kemampuan lahan dan faktor-faktor menjadi kendala penggunaan lahan di Sub DAS Bubuh, Kabupaten Bangli, Provinsi Bali. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah survey untuk pengambilan data biofisik di lapangan dan sampel tanah untuk analisa sifat fisik tanah di laboratorium. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, di Sub DAS Bubuh terdapat 3 kelas yaitu kelas III dengan luas 1.275,81 ha terdapat pada unit lahan 1, 6, 7, 8 dan 12 dengan factor pembatas erosi dan lereng; kelas IV dengan luas 315,12 ha terdapat pada unit lahan 3, 4, 9, 10 dan 11 dengan faktor pembatas lereng dan drainase buruk; dan kelas VI seluas 110,23 ha terdapat pada unit lahan 2 dan 5 dengan factor pembatas erosi dan lereng curam. Arahan penggunaan lahan di Sub DAS Bubuh adalah dengan meningkatkan kerapatan tanaman, pengolahan lahan, pemberian pupuk organik, pembuatan teras dan pada unit lahan berupa semak belukar sebaiknya dijadikan hutan produksi.
Pre-mortem Diagnosis of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Practice
Authors: Ziukelis Elina , Gome James
Published: January 2021

We describe a case of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) and
discuss our evidence-based diagnostic process.
The number of Dirac-weighted eigenvalues of Sturm-Liouville equations with integrable potentials and an application to inverse problems
Authors: Chen Xiao , Qi Jiangang
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we further Meirong Zhang, et al.’s work by computing the
number of weighted eigenvalues for Sturm-Liouville equations, equipped
with general integrable potentials and Dirac weights, under Dirichlet
boundary condition. We show that, for a Sturm-Liouville equation with a
general integrable potential, if its weight is a positive linear
combination of $n$ Dirac Delta functions, then it has at most $n$
(may be less than $n$, or even be $0$) distinct real Dirichlet
eigenvalues, or every complex number is a Dirichlet eigenvalue; in
particular, under some sharp condition, the number of Dirichlet
eigenvalues is exactly $n$. Our main method is to introduce the
concepts of characteristics matrix and characteristics polynomial for
Sturm-Liouville problem with Dirac weights, and put forward a general
and direct algorithm used for computing eigenvalues. As an application,
a class of inverse Dirichelt problems for Sturm-Liouville equations
involving single Dirac distribution weights is studied.
Effect of plateau pika disturbance on the ecosystem services of alpine grasslands
Authors: Chen Ying Ying , Yang Huan , Bao Gen Sheng , Pang Xiao Pan , Guo Zheng Gang
Published: January 2021

Herbivore disturbance can affect the grassland ecosystem services though
creating extensive disturbances vegetation and soil. This study focused
on plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) disturbance to investigate the
effect of disturbance by small burrowing herbivores on ecosystem
services of alpine grasslands though five sites. In this study, the
palatable plant biomass, plant species richness, soil water storage,
soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium stocks
were used to estimate the forage availability, biodiversity
conservation, water conservation, carbon sequestration and soil nutrient
maintenance. This study showed that plateau pika disturbance was related
to higher plant species richness and soil organic carbon stock,
associated with lower palatable plant biomass and soil water storage,
and had no effect on total potassium stock, whereas the responses of
soil total nitrogen and phosphorus stocks to plateau pika disturbance
were different among sites. The palatable plant biomass, plant species
richness, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and phosphorus stocks
showed downward parabolas, whereas the soil water storage showed a
decreasing trend with increasing plateau pika disturbance intensity.
These results indicated that the role of plateau pikas is dependent not
only on the management target of alpine grasslands but also on the
plateau pika disturbance intensity.
COMPARISON OF PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT OR BENIGN LARYNGEAL LESIONS AND HEALTHY INDIVDUALS IN TERMS OF HEMATOLOGICAL INFLAMMATORY PARAMETERS
Authors: SİZER BİLAL , Yılmaz Ümit , Kınış Vefa
Published: January 2021

Purpose: Recent studies have shown a relationship between cancer and
inflammatory response. The aim of this study is to compare NLR and PLR
values, which are inflammatory parameters, in precancerous and cancerous
lesions and to determine whether there is a parameter that can be used
in the early diagnosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods:174
patients who were benign as a result of pathology, 122 patients who were
malignant, 39 patients who were premalignant (335 patients in total) and
117 normal individuals were included in the study. Data groups were
divided into 4 groups as Benign Laryngeal Lesion(BLL), Precancerous
Laryngeal Lesion(PLL), Malignant Laryngeal Lesion(MLL) and Control
Group(CG). In addition, the PLL group was subdivided into Mild
Dysplasia(MiD), Moderate Dysplasia(MoD) and Severe dysplasia-carcinoma
in situ (SeD/CIS). NLR, PLR and other parameters were calculated.
Results: NLR and PLR values were significantly different between the
groups. (p = 0.000, p = 0.002) The mean NLR was higher in the MLL and
PLL groups, and was lower in the BLL and control groups. The mean PLR
was also higher in the MLL and PLL groups. When the groups were compared
in pairs, there was a significant difference between BLL and MLL (p =
0.001) and MLL and CG.(p = 0.006) The PLL group was subdivided into MiD,
MoD and SeD / CIS. There was a significant difference in NLR when CG and
other subgroups were compared.(p = 0.027) Significant differences were
found between CG and SeD when the groups were compared in pairs.(p =
0.007) There was no significant difference between the groups in terms
of PLR and dysplasia.(P = 0.516) Conclusion: As revealed in this study,
these rates were low in the CG and BLL groups and high in the MLL group,
so they could be used as markers to differentiate malignant lesions.
Evidence-Based Surgery
Authors: Finlayson Samuel R. G. , Bilimoria Karl Y.
Published: January 2021

Evidence-based surgery describes the consistent and judicious use of the best available scientific evidence in making decisions about the care of surgical patients. In this chapter, guidelines and secondary sources of scientific evidence are provided. Examples include Clinical Evidence, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement. Levels of evidence are defined. Appraising scientific evidence via specific study designs is described, including studies’ internal and external validity (generalizability). In evaluating the quality of a study, the properties of chance (Type I and Type II errors); bias (selection bias and measurement bias); and confounding (along with randomization, restriction and matching, instrumental variable analysis, stratification, and propensity score risk adjustment) are defined. Interpreting and applying evidence to practice (external validity) are discussed. A discussion of evidence-based surgery and quality of care is provided and focuses on how efforts to assess quality on evidence-based processes of care or clinical outcomes are as much practical as philosophical. A figure shows processes that affect the internal and external validity of a clinical study. Tables show levels of evidence, as stratified by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, and methods observed in published clinical studies that demonstrate efforts to minimize the effects of chance, bias, and confounding.
This review contains 1 figure, 3 tables, and 42 references.