bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Hacıhaliloğlu’ Kayısı Çeşidinde Meyve Gelişimi Sırasındaki Fiziksel, Kimyasal Ve Renk Değişimlerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖZELÇİ Mehmet , ASLANTAŞ Rafet , ÖZELÇİ Duygu , ÇÖÇEN Erdoğan
Published: January 2021

Meyvecilikte ekonomik bir üretim için kültürel uygulamaların ve hasadın doğru zamanda yapılması önemlidir. Meyve tür ve çeşitlerinde meyvelerin büyüme, gelişme ve olgunlaşma dönemlerindeki fiziksel ve kimyasal değişimlerin bilinmesi uygulanacak kültürel işlemler ile hasat zamanının belirlenmesinde önem arz eder. Bu çalışmada ülkemizin kayısı üretim ve ihracatında önemli paya sahip Hacıhaliloğlu kayısı çeşidinin; meyve gelişim dönemindeki fiziksel ve kimyasal değişimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Hacıhaliloğlu kayısı çeşidinde çiçeklenme sonundan hasada kadar geçen sürenin 110 gün olduğu, bu sürenin ilk bir aylık periyodunda hasattaki meyve boyunun yaklaşık %75’ine, meyve genişliği ve kalınlığının %50’sine ulaşıldığı, meyve ağırlığındaki artışın yaklaşık %50’sinin ise son bir aylık periyotta gerçekleştiği belirlenmiştir. Fitokimyasal analizlerde; meyve olgunluğu arttıkça SÇKM, pH ve toplam şeker içeriğinin arttığı buna karşılık TEA değerinin düştüğü görülmüştür. Meyve kabuk rengi ölçümlerinde; L renk değerinde kısmi bir artış gözlenirken, a ve b renk değerlerinin çağla döneminden hasat dönemine yaklaştıkça yükseldiği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak; Hacıhaliloğlu kayısı çeşidinin meyvelerindeki fiziksel gelişimin büyük bölümü çağla döneminin ilk bir aylık periyodunda gerçekleşirken, meyvelerdeki tatlanma ve renklenme gibi kalite parametrelerinin hasada yakın dönemde yükseldiği belirlenmiştir.
Organik Kırmızı Et Üreticileri Birliğine Üye Besi Sığırcılığı İşletmelerinin Sosyo-Ekonomik Yapısı ve Teknik Özellikleri: Çanakkale İli Ayvacık İlçesi Örneği
Authors: DEMİRKOL Celal , AYDIN Başak
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada, Çanakkale ili Ayvacık ilçesinde bulunan organik kırmızı et üreticileri birliğine üye işletmelerin sosyo ekonomik yapısı ortaya konulmuş olup, besi sığırcılığı faaliyetleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca üreticilerin organik tarıma bakış açıları da değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler, 2018 yılında birliğe üye olan 31 üreticinin tamamından elde edilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde ortalama, standart sapma, yüzde hesapları gibi temel tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden yararlanılmıştır. Üreticilerin organik besi sığırcılığında karşılaştıkları sorunlar ve organik tarım yapma nedenleri belirlenmiş ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler ve benzerlikler çok boyutlu ölçekleme analizi ile incelenmiştir. Üreticilerin besicilik deneyimleri 29.52, organik yetiştiricilik deneyimleri ise 10.74 yıl olarak belirlenmiş olup, organik kırmızı et üreticileri birliğinden en çok yararlandığı üç hizmetin sırasıyla soy kütüğü, pazarlama ve girdi (yem) temini olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Besicilerin üretim aşamasında karşılaştıkları en önemli sorunun yüksek girdi fiyatları olduğu belirlenmiştir. Üreticilerin pazarlama aşamasında karşılaştıkları en önemli sorunun pazar bulma olduğu, bunu sırasıyla düşük et fiyatlarının ve tanıtım ve reklam faaliyetlerinin yetersizliğinin izlediği belirlenmiştir. Çok boyutlu ölçekleme analizi sonuçlarına göre, üreticilerin organik besi hayvancılığında karşılaştıkları en önemli iki sorunun düşük ve istikrarsız et fiyatları ve tanıtım ve reklam faaliyetlerinin yetersizliği olduğu ve bundan dolayı bu yargıların birinci boyutta diğer yargılardan oldukça yüksek değer aldığı ve üreticiler açısından benzer özelliklere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Üreticilerin organik tarımı öncelikli olarak sırasıyla, çevreye daha az zararlı olması, organik tarımla üreticinin yüksek gelire sahip olması ve gelecekte daha önem kazanacak olmasından dolayı yaptıkları belirlenmiştir.
Şanlıurfa Yöresi Akkaraman ve İvesi Koyunlarında Mitokondriyal Sitokrom b (Cyt b) Gen Dizisine Göre Filogenetik Analizler
Authors: KİRAZ Selahaddin , EKİNCİ Mehmet , KONCAGÜL Seyrani
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada, Şanlıurfa yöresindeki Akkaraman (AK) ve İvesi (IV) koyunlarının filogenetik yapıları moleküler tekniklerle belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın hayvan materyalini, Şanlıurfa ve yöresinde yetiştirilen Akkaraman (AK) ve İvesi (IV) koyunları oluşturmuştur. Koyunlardan genomik DNA izolasyonu için kıl örnekleri toplanmış ve tüm örneklerden genomik DNA izole edilmiştir. Koyun DNA örneklerinde mitokondriyal Sitokrom b (Cyt b) gen bölgelerini çoğaltmak için gerekli ileri ve geri primerler tasarlanmıştır. Koyun Cyt b gen bölgeleri polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu tekniği (PZR) ile çoğaltılmıştır. PZR ürünlerinin gen dizi bilgileri elde edilmiştir. Populasyonlar için toplam bölge sayısı, G+C oranı, polimorfik bölge sayısı (S), haplotip sayısı (h), haplotip farklılığı (Hd) ve nükleotid farklılığı (π) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Koyun haplotiplere ait Cyt b gen dizileri ile referans diziler (A, B, C, D, ve E soyları) birlikte oluşturulan N-J filogenetik ağaçta, 16 haplotipten, 6’sı B soyunda (IV01, AK13, AK09, IV06, AK16, IV05), 1’i A soyunda (IV12), 1’i E soyunda (AK04) 5’i C soyunda (AK12, AK02, IV16, AK01, IV08, IV03) yer almış, AK06 ve IV13 farklı kümelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Şanlıurfa yöresi Akkaraman ve İvesi koyunları Cyt b gen bölgesi gen dizileri belirlenmiştir.
Sedir Odununun Bazı Fiziksel ve Mekanik Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: EFE Fatih Tuncay
Published: January 2021

Toros sediri Türkiye’de Akdeniz bölgesinde doğal olarak yetişen bir ağaç türüdür. Toros Sedirinin odunu, biyolojik olarak oldukça dayanıklı olması nedeniyle geçmişte birçok kullanım alanı bulmuştur. Toros sediri odununun yoğunluk, genişleme yüzdeleri, lif doygunluk noktası, su alma yüzdesi gibi fiziksel özellikleri ve ayrıca, eğilme direnci, elastikiyet modülü, şok direnci ve vida tutma direnci gibi mekanik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre, Toros sediri odununun tam kuru yoğunluğu, hacmen genişleme yüzdesi, lif doygunluk noktası sırasıyla; 497 kgm-3, %10.6 ve %21.3 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, eğilme direnci, elastikiyet modülü, şok direnci ve vida tutma kapasitesi (radyal, teğet ve enine yönde) sırasıyla; 94.3 Nmm-2, 8069 Nmm-2, 0.210 kgmcm-2 ve (29.7 Nmm-2, 31.4 Nmm-2and 28.5 Nmm-2) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu verilere göre; Toros sediri odununun orta yoğunluk değerine, düşük genişleme yüzdesine ve düşük lif doygunluk noktasına sahip olduğu söylenebilir.
Fasulyede Tarımsal Özelliklerin Kalıtımlarının Çoklu Dizi Analiz Metoduyla Belirlenmesi
Authors: CEYHAN Ercan , ŞİMŞEK Duran
Published: January 2021

Önemli tarımsal özelliklerin kalıtımlarının ortaya konulması ıslah çalışmalarının başarısı için elzemdir. Çalışmanın amacı fasulyede önemli tarımsal karakterlerin kalıtımlarının belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada iki adet kuru dane fasulye (Great Northern 59 ve Alberto) çeşidi ve bir adet ateş fasulyesi (İspanyol, Bombay fasulyesi) (Phaseolus coccineus L.) baba olarak ve 6 fasulye (PV04035, PV04086, PV04092, PV04145, PV05001 ve PV05023) hattı ise ana olarak kullanılmıştır. F2 populasyonu ve ebeveynler 2019 yılında Selçuk Üniversitesi Tam Kontrollü Bitki Islah Serasında yetiştirilmiştir. Çalışmada tane verimi ve bazı tarımsal özellikleri için ebeveyn ve F2 populasyonlarında çoklu dizi analiz yöntemiyle genel ve özel kombinasyon yetenekleri, heterosis ve heterobeltiosis değerleri, geniş ve dar anlamda kalıtım dereceleri ve özellikler arası ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Tane veriminin kalıtımında eklemeli olmayan gen etkilerin etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Heterosis ve heterobeltiosis değerleri tane verimi F2 populasyonları için pozitiftir. Araştırmada kuru fasulye ıslahında kullanılabilecek bazı tarımsal özellikler için uygun ebeveyn ve melezler kombinasyonları belirlenmiştir.
Trombosis venosa portal extrahepática, manejo quirúrgico con derivación meso-Rex. Serie de 3 casos
Authors: Jiménez Jiménez Cesar Eduardo , Randial Tagliapetra Leonardo , Silva Restrepo Iván Enrique , Hossman-Galindo Manuel Augusto , Bravo Mario , Moreno Beltrán Osiris
Published: January 2021

La vena porta es un conducto que drena el flujo esplácnico al hígado y se puede ocluir por diferentes patologías, variando su presentación clínica de acuerdo con la causa de la obstrucción. Es muy importante diferenciar la trombosis portal asociada o no a la cirrosis, ya que su tratamiento y pronóstico es diferente. La trombosis venosa portal extrahepática es una condición netamente de origen vascular, y es la principal causa de trombosis portal en niños y adultos. Presentamos tres casos tratados con derivación meso-Rex, con seguimiento a 6 meses.
Uso do ensino baseado em simulação para melhorar o atendimento ao paciente oncológico: Revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Amina Regina , Petry Dal Vesco Stéfany Nayara
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: avaliar e sintetizar a literatura existente sobre o impacto do uso da educação baseada em simulação no conhecimento e prática de enfermeiros e estudantes de enfermagem em relação aos pacientes oncológicos. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura utilizando a metodologia proposta por Ganong. Coleta de dados nas bases MEDLINE e CINAHL, aplicando termos do Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).  Resultados: 12 artigos foram selecionados, dos quais duas categorias de análise foram definidas, sendo elas, o uso de ensino baseado em simulação entre (1) profissionais e (2) estudantes de enfermagem. Conclusão: O ensino baseado em simulação é uma temática relativamente nova e devido a isto não existem muitos estudos acerca desse tópico nos periódicos científicos. Porém, os estudos existentes demonstram que o uso da simulação clínica é uma ferramenta que vem mostrando resultados positivos no processo de ensino de profissionais e estudantes de enfermagem relacionados a oncologia clínica.
Segurança do paciente entre estudantes de Enfermagem: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Calazans Monalizza de Souza Carvalho , Pereira Mariana Santana Rosário , Coslop Shaiane , Maestri Eleine , Luzardo Adriana Remião , Lima Eliane de Fátima Almeida , Bitencourt Júlia Valéria de Oliveira Vargas , Portugal Flavia Batista
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica acerca da compreensão dos graduandos de enfermagem sobre a segurança do paciente. Método: revisão integrativa com busca realizada de março a maio de 2020. O total de 15 artigos foi analisado com a tradução, leitura e interpretação dos resultados e comparação com o conhecimento teórico. Resultados: foram estabelecidos quatro eixos temáticos: o entendimento dos estudantes sobre segurança do paciente; os desafios da comunicação que podem afetar a segurança do paciente; os desafios do conhecimento dos estudantes e ensino sobre segurança do paciente e o papel do enfermeiro na construção da cultura de segurança. Conclusão: as compreensões dos estudantes foram: a insuficiente estrutura de ensino dos cursos de graduação, os dilemas éticos oriundos dos erros, o receio de infligirem danos aos indivíduos por desconhecimento das melhores práticas e os enfermeiros dos serviços vistos como protagonistas na conquista da cultura de segurança nas instituições de saúde.
Protection of Nova Mayachka village of Oleshky district in Kherson region against the harmful effects of water
Authors: Romashchenko M. I. , Savchuk D. P. , Шевченко А. М. , Babitska O. A. , Ryabtsev M. P. , Kharlamov O. I. , Kotykovych I. V.
Published: January 2021

Topicality. In the conditions of modern management the issue of territory protection against the harmful effects of water acquires special urgency. In the southern region of Ukraine alone, more than 2.9 million hectares of land and 2,135 settlements are affected by flooding and underflooding. An illustrative example of the complexity of solving the problem of protection of drainless territory against the harmful effects of water is the village of Nova Mayachka of Oleshkv district in Kherson region, which is located within a large depression morphostructure and is affected by the Kakhovske reservoir, North Crimean Canal, irrigation systems and climate fluctuations.

Purpose of the work is to substantiate a set of measures to protect the territory of Nova Mayachka village of Oleshky district in Kherson region against the harmful effects of water. The main task of the research is to specify the factors of flooding and underflooding developing in the village, to determine the mechanism of GWL regime and to develop a set of protective measures.

Methods and the objects of the research. The research was carried out at the research and production site, which is located within the village. As part of the research, an analysis of natural and water management conditions, assessment of the hydrogeological and reclamation condition of the territory as well as the efficiency of drainage systems operation were performed.

Research results and main conclusions. Based on the research results, the reasons of flooding, patterns of GWL depths and fluctuation dynamics and the efficiency of different types of drainage in the village of Nova Mayachka were specified. It was found out that in the conditions of stable operation of wells vertical drainage ensured the weighted average depth of groundwater level in the village of 2.9-3.1 m against 1.6 m before the start of drainage operation or in conditions of its insufficient functioning. But over time, the existing protection system of the village failed to provide the necessary groundwater lowering due to the deficiency of its work and the increase in water load on the territory due to increasing rainfall and enlarging irrigation areas.

Groundwater levels rose to 0-2 m, and in wet periods against the background of drainage the flooding of drainless territory was observed. Recently, groundwater levels in the village have tended to a rise above critical depths. The drainage facilities by its design features fail to eliminate surface water flooding.

To protect the village of Nova Mayachka from flooding and underflooding, a set of measures is proposed, which provides for the installation of a combined drainage system with free-flowing water removal or pumping of drainage runoff outside the village into the North Crimean Canal or the Dnieper River.
Algae blooming in the Kamianske Reservoir
Authors: Vyshnevskyi V. I. , Moskvina I. M.
Published: January 2021

According to observation data obtained at the drinking water intake in the Kamyanske reservoir in the village of Auly, the basic patterns of water blooming were specified. Water abstraction in here is performed from the depth of 8-9 m, which roughly corresponds to a mid-point of the maximum depths. It was determined that the number of algae per unit volume is very large - significantly higher than at the water intake of the Dnieper Water Supply Station (DWSS), which is located in the downstream of the Kyivska HPP. In some cases, it may exceed 1000 million in 1 dm3. During the study period, a decrease in algae amount was recorded, mainly, starting from 2018. The largest  algae amount per a volume unit is usually observed in September, i.e. later than in the surface layer of water. The largest algae amount was recorded in September of 2010 and 2014.

The factors that contributed to the development of algae at this time are given. Such factors were primarily high air and water temperatures, as well as low cloud cover. There is some delay in changing weather conditions. From June to November, blue-green algae are dominant in the water intake in the village of Auly, the share of which in August-October reaches 95-99%. From December to April, diatomic algae are dominant. The share of green algae is the highest in summer, but it does not usually exceed 2-3% of the total. The significant development of algae in the Kamyanske Reservoir is confirmed by remote sensing data. According to satellite data, it was found out that in this reservoir the largest blooming is observed in the place of water intake location. The dependence of water blooming on hydrometeorological conditions, in particular the direction of wind currents is also shown. The dominance of the northeast wind over the Kamyanske Reservoir in the summer causes a wind setup to the water intake, which results in the increase in the number of algae cells per volume unit.
Using an adaptive approach to the development of water purification system
Authors: Levchuk A. P. , Maksin V. I.
Published: January 2021

In terms of water consumption from decentralized water supply systems there are a number of problematic aspects that negatively affect water quality, especially drinking water supply, namely: lack of modern control methods and integrated water treatment systems, qualified service personnel, long logistics of components and reagents, long distances to the final water consumer, inability to respond timely to the need of control laboratory equipment calibration and the failure of units and others. Unpredictable natural or man-made factors further complicate these problematic aspects. All this and the constant changes in the requirements to water quality and technological processes, leads to the search of new, modern approaches to solving such problems and issues of uncentralized drinking water supply. Therefore, this paper analyzes the current experience of developing small autonomous water purification systems for drinking water supply, which do not require constant presence of the operator and laboratory quality control of water and can work automatically in difficult conditions. Also a rationale for technological and structural design as well as the description of adaptive water purification systems using an adaptive approach to the structure as a whole, individual units, assemblies and to the power supply of electrolytic processes, giving it adaptive properties for the use in modern drinking water treatment is provided in the paper. The adaptive function of neutralizing the manifestation of dangerous biological agents and the efficiency of the system is designed for man-made and natural emergencies and water disinfection from bacteria and viruses. The pH was chosen as the main control parameter of water quality. The system uses an effective process of synthesis by electrolytic methods of coagulant, disinfectant and destructive effects on hazardous biological agents - pulsed current with changing parameters and shape. In case a working solution changes the pH, the parameters of the pulsed load current are changed by the adaptive power supply to the most efficient one. The proposed approach and model of the system are effective and preventive and is offered as an option to improve existing water treatment systems for drinking water supply.
Study of drought manifestation and its effect on the thermal regime of vegetation surface of crops under irrigation
Authors: Zhovtonog O. I. , Polishchuk V. V. , Filipenko L. A. , Saliuk A. F. , Butenko Ya. O. , Chorna K. I.
Published: January 2021

Relevance of the topic. In recent years, irrigation management practices have faced new challenges related to climate change and the increase in the frequency and intensity of droughts in the southern regions. In addition, the latest technical and technological capabilities have emerged in irrigated agriculture to more effectively manage technological processes. All these processes occurring in real production and in the market of scientific and technical products, have determined the possibility and necessity of studying the influence of natural and agricultural conditions on the processes of energymass transfer in the "soil-plant-atmosphere" environment to improve management methods in modern irrigation conditions. Purpose of research is to investigate the features of formation of crop thermal regime in the conditions of air and soil drought manifestation under irrigation during 2018-2019. Research object. The research was carried out at the production fields of the farm  “Freedom Farm International” in the Kakhovsky district of Kherson region during 2018-2019. Two experimental sites were equipped to carry out experimental studies on the crop rotation of "Gornostayevske -2". Methodology and Research methods. The methodology for the conduct of thermal water balance and phenological observations on the growth and development of crops at the experimental sites was applied. Standard field research techniques were used. Analytical, field, simulation modeling, mathematical statistics, geoinformation technologies (GIS), remote sensing of the Earth (RS) methods were used. Research results. As a result of the research in 2018-2019 a database of farm fields (crops, sowing dates, soil conditions, initial moisture reserves, irrigation machines and their characteristics) was created; phenological observations of plant growth and development were performed, heat and water balance calculations were made. It was established that to ensure optimal conditions for the use of thermal energy in different drought conditions, it is necessary to improve models and algorithms for operational planning of crop irrigation. Thus, to mitigate the influence of atmospheric drought, it is recommended to conduct refreshing irrigation, the timing of which can be determined on the basis of monitoring the temperature of the vegetation surface, using the data from the space images or ground-based observations. In addition, under drought conditions, in the case of applying water-balance methods used in irrigation management, it is necessary to adjust the biological coefficients of water consumption by crops, based on modeling the production process using the WOFOST model and identifying its parameters with the help of space images. The obtained new knowledge is aimed at improving irrigation management methods in modern conditions.
Adoption Of Hazton Technology By Farmers It In Semidang Alas Maras Subdistrict Seluma Regency
Authors: Oktavelly Nick , Sukiyono Ketut , Widono Septri
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the level of adoption of hazton technology by farmers and the factors that influence it in Semidang Alas Maras Subdistrict, Seluma Regency. This research was carried out in Gunung Kembang Village and its surroundings, which was conducted in June - July 2019. This study used a descriptive method and direct interviews using a questionnaire as a data collection tool. Data collected in this study include areas (land tenure), inc (income), exp (rice farming experience), cons (counseling), tech (technology), and ol (internet). The analysis used in this study is multinomial logistic regression with SPSS. The results showed that the Tech (technology / innovation) significantly affected  the adoption of hazton  technology in Semidang Alas Maras Subdistrict, Seluma Regency. The value of the likelihood ratio test (sig) from Tech (technology / innovation) is less than the value of ? = 0.05 and the value of ?2 count> ?2 table (0.05; 2). Meanwhile, the variable Area (land area), Inc (income), Exp (Experience), Cons (counseling) and Ol (access to information) did not significantly affect the adoption of hazton technology in Semidang Alas Maras District, Seluma Regency.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF LABOR IN FAMILY AGAINST ACCEPTANCE OF VEGETABLE FARMING IN RAINFED LOWLAND RICE FIELDS IN PONDOK KELAPA SUB-DISTRICT, BENGKULU CENTRAL DISTRICT
Authors: Putra Wawan Eka , Utama Satria Putra , Purwoko Agus
Published: January 2021

Labor has an important contribution in the structure of farm costs. The labor can come from within and outside the farming family. This study aims to determine the contribution of labor from within the family to vegetable farming with four different cropping patterns in rainfed lowland land and its effect on farming profits. The research was conducted in Pondok Kelapa District, Bengkulu Tengah Regency from May to October 2019. There are six vegetable cropping patterns in Pondok Kelapa District, namely (1) cucumber - paria - long beans, (2) cucumber - gambas - long beans, ( 3) cucumber - long beans - long beans, (4) long beans - pariah - long beans, (5) long beans - luffa - long beans, and (6) long beans - long beans - kale pulled - pulled kale. Data were collected through a census of 50 vegetable farmers, namely 42 people in Pekik Nyaring Village and 8 people in Srikuncoro Village related to the input and output of vegetable farming which were then analyzed descriptively using the structure of farm costs and the R / C ratio. The results showed that the contribution of labor costs from within the family to the six cropping patterns was between 38.84 - 61.36% with an R / C ratio between 1.55 - 1.94. The highest labor contribution was obtained in cropping pattern 6, namely 61.36% with the lowest R / C ratio value of 1.55. However, if the family labor cost is assumed not to be taken into account the farm input costs, then the R / C ratio value in cropping pattern 6 is the highest, which is 4.06.
Socio-Economic Impact of Transfer of Oil Palm Land Functions to Paddy Fields in Mukomuko District, Bengkulu Province
Authors: Rasoki Timbul , Nurmalia Ana , Asnamawati Lina
Published: January 2021

The expansion of oil palm plantations through the conversion of lowland rice land to oil palm plantations has become a long debate because it is not in accordance with the vision and mission of Mukomuko Regency regarding food self-sufficiency, but in recent years there has been a change in the function of oil palm plantations to lowland rice. About 370 hectares of oil palm and swamp plantations in the Mukomuko District, Bengkulu, were converted into new rice fields. This is interesting to research because this phenomenon is considered unique when in other areas people flock to change the function of food land to oil palm plantations, on the other hand in Mukomuko District  the community has shifted land functions from oil palm plantations to lowland rice, even though so far the oil palm farming business . The location selection was carried out purposively and the respondent determination was carried out by the solvin method, which obtained 181 respondents. Collecting data using a survey method by distributing questionnaires to respondents. For data analysis using qualitative and quantitative methods, to see the social impact is described descriptively, while the economic impact is seen from the side of revenue and income. The results of the study explain the social impact of farmers gathering in the fields more often during planting, fertilizing, spraying pests, and at harvest time. Farmers who were previously very consumptive, especially when the price of palm oil went up and experienced difficulties when the price of fresh fruit bunches fell, are now more prudent in managing finances. The environment around the land is now more beautiful and the water quality is getting better. As well as holding more frequent deliberations regarding policies and counseling on lowland rice farming. The economic impact of lowland rice farming generates an income of Rp. 36.151.207 / Ut / Ha / Th. while oil palm farming is Rp. 28,308,303 / Ut / Ha / Th. It can be concluded that the income obtained from lowland rice farming is greater than the income obtained by oil palm farming even though the time period for obtaining income is different, for lowland rice, revenue is obtained within three times a year, while oil palm farmers can earn income every two 14 days. once, or 24 times a year. It means that in terms of income, it increases after the land conversion is carried out..
Identification of Goat Skin and Pig Skin as the Raw Material of Rambak Using PCR-RFLP Method
Authors: Triasih D. , Erwanto Y. , Fitrianto N. A.
Published: January 2021

The aim of this research was to detect the skin which comes from goat and pig using PCR-RFLP method so the raw material used in rambak product was discovered. The comparison of combination between goat and pig skin was 100, 75:25, 91:9, 94:6, 97:3, and 99:1. PCR-RFLP uses the universal primary from from mitochondria cytochrome b gen which results in the length of fragment of 359 bp. The restriction enzyme used in the DNA cut is BamHI enzyme and BseDI enzyme. The result of the research showed that seven samples have been successfully isolated perfectly so the total bands of genomic DNA have been obtained which is clearly seen and amplification with target of cytochrome b gen results in PCR product of goat and pig of 359 bp. The digestion's result using BamHI enzyme gets fragment size on 359 bp in length on goat samples and length of fragment size of 359, 244, and 115 bp on samples which contain pig. The digestion results of using BseDI results in fragment size of 359 bp in length on goat samples and the fragment size of 359, 228, and 131 bp in length on samples which contain pig. The conclusion of the research is PCR-RFLP using BamHI enzyme and BseDI enzyme can be used to detect the types of pig skin, but can't be used to detect the goat skin.
Hawking radiation is probably a type of superradiation
Authors: Chen Wen-Xiang
Published: January 2021

In this article, it mainly discusses that when the scalar field equation presets boundary conditions, the effective action form of Hawking radiation is consistent with the effective action form of superradiation. From this I conclude that Hawking radiation may be a form of superradiation.
Meningkatkan Mutu Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran E-learning
Authors: Bunda Sestri Permata
Published: January 2021

Kegiatan belajar mengajar merupakan inti dan pelaksanaan kurikulum baik buruknya mutu pendidikan dan mutu lulusan dipengaruhi oleh kegiatan belajar mengajar. Jika mutu kegiatan belajar mengajar bagus maka mutu lulusannya pun juga akan bagus. Meningkatkan mutu merupakan suatu proses yang sistematis yang terus menerus ditingkatkan pada kualitas belajar dan mengajar, hal ini pun berkaitan dengan tujuan yang menjadi target sekolah dapat dicapai dengan efektif dan efisien. Berdasarkan UU Sisdiknas 2003 pasal 1 menyatakan bahwa Pendidikan adalah suatu usaha sadar dan terencana untuk mewujudkan suasana belajar dan proses belajar supaya anak didik secara aktif dan mampu mengembangkan potensi diri siswa, baik secara spiritual, pengendalian diri, kepribadian, akhlak mulia, kecerdasan serta keterampilan yang diperlukan dirinya, masyarakat, bangsa dan negara.Mutu adalah suatu terminologi subjektif dan relatif yang bisa diartikan dengan berbagai cara. Secara luas mutu diartikan sebagai agregat karakteristik dari jasa dan produk yang memuaskan bagi konsumen. Dalam dunia pendidikan, mutu yaitu keberhasilan suatu proses belajar yang menyenangkan dan memberikan kenikmatan. Dari ke dua penadapat tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa mutu ialah cara pelanggan memperoleh kepuasan atau manfaat dari jasa yang diperoleh.
TLR10 is a differentially expressed gene in lymph node metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3); the lymph nodes reside between the breast and the brain. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with lymph node metastasis in humans with breast cancer. We found that toll-like receptor 10, encoded by TLR10, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic, or “regional” breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. TLR10 mRNA was present at increased quantities in lymph node metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of TLR10 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of TLR10 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
STXBP2 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that syntaxin binding protein 2, encoded by STXBP2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. STXBP2 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of STXBP2 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of STXBP2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. These data are one piece of evidence suggesting a common ancestor or tumor clone for brain and lymph node metastases that originate from the primary tumor, alluding to patterns in developmental origin and migratory pathways through the lymph node in human brain metastatic breast cancer.
Judul : Membangun Pendidikan Karakter dan Bermoral dalam pembelajaran daring
Authors: Melinia Islahati
Published: January 2021

Seperti yang kita ketahui Pendidikan sangat diperlukan dalam kehidupan manusia. Dan menjadi hal yang terpenting yang perlu didapat oleh setiap manusia. Agar menjadi sesorang yang cerdas dan berakhlak kita memerlukan pendidikan karakter. Pendidikan karakter adalah upaya untuk mewujudkan generasi bangsa yang cerdas dan baik atau memiliki akhlak mulia dan memiliki kepribadian sendiri. Keberhasilan pendidikan karakter pembelajaran tidak serta merta dilihat dari pesepektif ranah kognitif saja melainkan bagaimana keseimbangan ranah kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor yang muaranya adalah mewujudkan manusia seutuhnya. Serta memiliki keterampilan sangat diperlukan dalam dunia pendidikan. Sedangakn pendidkan keterampilan adalah kemampuan untuk melakukan sesuatu dengan baik cepat dan tepat. Seperti yang kita rasakan pada saat ini, dimana sistem pendidikan ataupun pembelajaran sudah tidak seperti biasa lagi dimana penutupan sementara lembaga pendidikan sebagai upaya menahan penyebaran pendemi covid-19. Kondisi pandemi Covid-19 saat ini menjadi tantangan bagi dunia pendidikan khususnya pendidikan formal dalam upaya pendidikan karakter bangsa.
Tugas akhir mata kuliah evaluasi pembelajaran sejarah
Authors: adam Donny
Published: January 2021

Laporan Literatur Review Evaluasi Pembelajaran merupakan laporan untuk memenuhi tugas akhir Semester untuk mata Kuliah Evaluasi Pembelajaran Sejarah dengan dosen pengampu Heri Susanto, M.Pd.
Knowledge, attitude and practices related to COVID-19 among medical students in Pakistan: A web-based survey
Authors: Hashim Laila , Manal Ishba , Afzal Nihal , Mukherjee Dattatreya , Khan Hamza Rafique , Afzal Mishal , Ali Iftikhar , Ahmad Shoaib , Tahir Muhammad Junaid , Ullah Irfan
Published: January 2021

In the times of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary for the medical students to have knowledge about the features of thedisease, how the disease is transmitted, and protective measures to contain the COVID-19. This study was conducted to evaluateknowledge, attitude, and practices related to COVID-19 in Pakistani medical students. We conducted a web-based survey fromMarch 29 to May 10, 2020, utilizing an online platform. Medical students from 1st to 5th professional years in medical collegesacross the country were requested to participate. The questionnaire consisting of 31 items were circulated online using differentsocial media channels to collect the required information. Proportions for categorical variables were tested using the Chi-squaretest or Fisher’s exact tests. A total of 344 medical students responded, and their overall knowledge about COVID-19 was 88.86%. Nearly 31.0% of participants were involved in awareness projects regarding COVID-19 in the community and 84.6% ofparticipants were willing to volunteer in healthcare crises. The percentage of the medical students who opted lockdown/curfew tobe a better solution for curbing disease transmission was 94.2% while 95.9% of them believed social distancing can prevent thetransmission. The average rate of practicing correct preventive measures among the respondents was 93.25%. The study showedsufficient knowledge, the crucial practice of preventive measures regarding COVID-19, and unveiled a profoundly assertiveattitude of the medical students of Pakistan toward the current health crises. More regular awareness and educational programsfor medical students related to the COVID-19 can boost and update their current knowledge.
UAS Belajar Pembelajaran
Authors: Fahrazi
Published: January 2021

Uas belajar pemebelajaran
Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning
Authors: Neldia Windy Rahma
Published: January 2021

Dalam situasi masyarakat yang selalu berubah, idealnya pendidikan tidak hanya berorientasi pada masa lalu dan masa kini, tetapi sudah seharusnya merupakan proses yang mengantisipasi dan membicarakan masa depan. Pendidikan hendaknya melihat jauh ke depan dan memikirkan apa yang akan dihadapi peserta didik di masa yang akan datang. Menurut Buchori (2001) dalam Khabibah (2006: 1), bahwa pendidikan yang baik adalah pendidikan yang tidak hanya mempersiapkan para siswanya untuk sesuatu profesi atau jabatan, tetapi untuk menyelesaikan masalah-masalah yang dihadapinya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satu masalah pokok dalam pembelajaran pada pendidikan formal (sekolah) dewasa ini adalah masih rendahnya daya serap peserca didik. Hal ini nampak rerata hasil belajar peserta didik yang senantiasa masih sangat memprihatinkan. Prestasi ini tentunya merupakan hasil kondisi pembelajaran yang masih bersifat konvensional dan tidak menyentuh ranah dimensi peserta didik itu sendiri, yaitu bagaimana sebenarnya belajar itu (belajar untuk belajar). Dalam arti yang lebih subtansial, bahwa proses pembelajaran hingga dewasa ini masih memberikan dominasi guru dan tidak memberikan akses bagi anak didik untuk berkembang secara mandiri melalui penemuan dan proses berpikirnya. Di pihak lain secara empiris, berdasarkan hasil analisis penelitian terhadap rendahnya hasil belajar peserta didik, hal tersebut disebabkan proses pembelajaran yang didominasi oleh pembelajaran tradisional. Pada pembelajaran ini suasana kelas cenderung teacher antend sehingga siswa menjadi pasif.Meskipun demikian guru lebih suka menerapkan model tersebut, sebab tidak memerlukan alat dan bahan praktek, cukup menjelaskan konsep-konsep yang ada pada buku ajar atau referensi lain. Dalam hal ini siswa tidak diajarkan strategi belajar yang dapat memahami bagaimana belajar, berpikir dan memotivasi diri sendiri. Masalah ini banyak dijumpai dalam Kegiatan Proses Belajar Mengajar di kelas, oleh karena itu, perlu menerapkan suatu strategi belajar yang dapat membantu untuk memahami ajar dan aplikasinya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Apabila kita ingin meningkatkan prestasi, tentunya tidak akan terlepas dari upaya peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran di sekolah. Misalnya dengan adanya penataran guru, penyediaan buku paket, dan alat-alat laboratorium serta penyempurnaan kurikulum. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi upaya- upaya tersebut ternyata belum berhasil meningkatkan prestasi peserta didik secara optimal sebagaimana yang dunginkan
Anotasi Bibliografi Media Pembelajaran Rahayu A2
Authors: Rahayu
Published: January 2021

Media pembelajaran dalam era sekarang berdampak pada sektor banyak hal. Salah satu yaitupendidikan yang merasakan dampaknya. Seluruh jenjang pendidikan bertransformasi untukmelakukan pembelajaran dari rumah atau media daring. Dalam pembelajaran masa pandemic inidapat berdampak bagi pendidkan contohnya dapat menimbulkan tekanan dari fisik maupun mental.Tantangan berat bagi seluruh pendidik maupun peserta didik dimasa pandemic ini dan orangtuapun mengelur media pembelajaran jarak jauh melalui daring atau internet ini. Dalam masapandemic ini proses ini pendidikan atau pendidik harus mampu menguasai berbagai mediapembelajaran karena kondisi selalu berubah-ubah terlebih pada masa sekarang semua sektordituntut untuk menyesuaikan dengan keadaan.
Inovasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Aplikasi Mobile Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Aditia Sidiq
Published: January 2021

Pada masa pandemi covid-19 yang melanda seluruh dunia termasuk negara Indonesia yang mengakibatkan aktifitas tatap muka dan interaksi sosial secara langsung dibatasi. Hal ini sesuai dengan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) yang telah ditetapakan dan juga dijalankan oleh Pemerintah Pusat maupun daerah sebagai upaya menahan laju penyebaran virus covid-19 yang berdampak pada seluruh bidang kehidupan manusia tidak terkecuali bidang pendidikan. Tepat pada tanggal 17 maret 2020, Pemerintah Republik Indonesia melalui Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia metapkannya pembelajaran secara online atau yang dikenal dengan istilah daring (dalam jaringan) di lembaga pendidikan seperti sekolah dan perguruan tinggi dengan hal ini diputuskan dalam surat edaran Nomor 4 Tahun 2020.2 Hal ini membuat guru dan peserta didik mencari solusi dengan membuat inovasi-inovasi pembelajaran secara daring. Walaupun sebenarnya pembelajaran secara daring tanpa disadari telah lama dilakukan dan dimanfaatkan oleh guru dan peserta didik dengan menggunakan aplikasi mobile tanpa mereka sadarai seperti menonton video pembelajaran baik yang berkaitan dengan lembaga pendidikan maupun umum di aplikasi streaming youtube dan tanpa disadari juga bila guru dan peserta didik mencari referensi atau bahan bacaan selalu tidak terlepas pada mesin pencarian google kemudian masih banyak contoh lainnya tanpa disadari guru dan peserta didik. Semua itu bisa dilakukan kapanpun dan dimanapun dengan memanfaatkan aplikasi mobile. Tapi ada yang berbeda pada saat sebelum dan saat pandemi covid-19 jika pada saat sebelum guru dan peserta didik hanya memanfaatkan sebagai media informasi saja tetapi saat pandemi covid-19 terjadi guru dan peserta didik sangat memanfaatkannya sebagai media pembelajaran. Pengembang dan developer aplikasi juga tidak mau ketinggalan dengan adanya peluang yang mengguntungkan sehingga banyak aplikasi berlomba-lomba berinovasi dalam pembelajaran. Tidak hanya penggembang dan developer adapun guru dan siswa sebagai objek pengguna aplikasi mobile juga berinovasi dalam menggunakan dan memanfaatkan aplikasi mobile dalam menunjang pembelajaran secara daring.
Musical Instrument Engagement in Adolescence Predicts Verbal Ability Four Years Later: A Twin and Adoption Study
Authors: Gustavson Daniel E. , Friedman Naomi P. , Stallings Michael , Reynolds Chandra Ann , Coon Hilary , Corley Robin P. , Hewitt John K. , Gordon Reyna L
Published: January 2021

Individual differences in music traits are heritable and correlated with the development of cognitive and communication skills, but little is known about whether diverse modes of music engagement (e.g., playing instruments vs. singing) reflect similar underlying genetic/environmental influences. Moreover, the biological etiology underlying the relationship between musicality and childhood language development is poorly understood. Here we explored genetic and environmental associations between music engagement and verbal ability in the Colorado Adoption/Twin Study of Lifespan behavioral development and cognitive aging (CATSLife) project. N=1684 adolescents completed measures of music engagement and intelligence at approximately age 12 and/or multiple tests of verbal ability at age 16. Structural equation models revealed that instrument engagement was highly heritable (a2=.78), with moderate heritabilities for singing (a2=.43) and dance engagement (a2=.66). Adolescent self-reported instrument engagement (but not singing or dance engagement) was genetically correlated with age 12 verbal intelligence, and still was associated with age 16 verbal ability even when controlling for age 12 full-scale intelligence, providing evidence for a longitudinal relationship between music engagement and language beyond shared general cognitive processes. Together, these novel findings suggest that shared genetic influences in part accounts for phenotypic associations between music engagement and language, but there may also be some (weak) direct benefits of music engagement on later language abilities.
The visual system doesn't care about the rules of projective geometry
Authors: Maniatis Lydia
Published: January 2021

The idea that the rules of projective geometry are somehow entailed in the processes intervening between the stimulation of the retina and the percept is circular but remains current.
Exploration Versus Self-control: A Linguistic Analysis
Authors: Judd Janak
Published: January 2021

Research on regulatory focus has often used hopes versus duties to operationalize promotion and prevention focus, respectively. The current research examined regulatory focus in terms of exploration versus self-control to determine whether people tend to bring different types of experiences to mind when thinking about these experiences. I used Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count software to analyze written descriptions of exploration and self-control and used t-tests to examine between-condition differences on word categories that participants used at least 0.5% of the time. Across two studies, descriptions of exploration had more positive emotional tone and used more insight words. In contrast, descriptions of self-control used more function words, more negative emotion words, including anger, more words about ingestion, and more words about power.
Decline in rate of divorce and separation filings in Denmark in 2020 compared to previous years
Authors: Fallesen Peter
Published: January 2021

The radical changes to everyday life brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic and the closure of non-family social spheres in particular may have impacted marriage dynamics. We provide evidence on the monthly rates of initiation of divorce and separation filings in Denmark for the period 2016-2020 to examine how filing behavior changed during 2020 compared to the four previous years. Because filing rates precedes a divorce, rates reflect more precise the temporal dynamic of divorce initiation. Rates of initiation of divorce filings declined in 2020 to the lowest level in the period 2016-2020. On average, monthly rates in 2020 were 7 percent lower than 2019 rates and 20 percent lower than 2016 rates. There is little indication of the COVID-19 pandemic having an immediate influence on divorce dynamics, although the filing rate was more depressed during lockdown periods.
Rural Safety Net Use During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: McConnell Kathryn , Merdjanoff Alexis , Burow Paul Berne , Mueller Tom , Farrell Justin
Published: January 2021

Despite unparalleled government relief spending, many households have fallen into financial distress during the Covid-19 pandemic. At the same time, reports of non-governmental forms of disaster aid - both from organizations and among individuals - are widespread. Given that formal government programs have not fully met the material needs of many households across the United States during the pandemic, we build on disaster scholarship to compare utilization of three distinct forms of disaster support to better understand how households are getting by: (1) government safety net programs, (2) not-for-profit support, and (3) informal social support. We focus our study on a large, yet especially vulnerable and under-researched population: rural residents across the Western U.S. Drawing on results from a representative survey fielded during the summer of 2020, we find that informal social support was the most widely used safety net, with over half of all residents giving or receiving some form of informal support. However, differences in age, education, sex, race, ethnicity, and homeownership status variously predicted different types of safety net use, demonstrating the unevenness of pandemic impacts and access to relief resources across demographic groups. Finally, rural residents who experienced the worst pandemic impacts were the most likely to utilize any of the three forms of safety nets examined. Despite identified limitations to government relief, both formal government programs and informal social support systems were utilized by those most affected by the pandemic.