bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between living arrangements and time to drop out in patients between 18 and 29 years of age, under treatment for substance abuse disorders in Chile, 2010-2019
Authors: Castellano Joel , Santa-Cruz Andrés González , Castillo-Carniglia Álvaro , Gaete Jorge
Published: April 2024

Substance use disorders (SUDs) are the leading cause of premature death and disability in the Americas, causing approximately 47% of deaths in the world's adult population, posing an enormous public health challenge. One of these challenges is the treatment drop-out, which significantly compromises the efficacy of SUD interventions. Despite the implementation of advanced monitoring programs in Chile, evidence concerning the medium- and long-term effects of SUD treatment remains limited. This study explores the correlation between living arrangements (alone, with the family of origin, or with a partner with or without children [partner/children]) at the onset of initial treatment and the time until treatment drop-out among emerging adults (18–29 years) in public SUD programs in Chile from 2010 to 2019. Employing a retrospective cohort design, health records of adult patients aged 18 to 29 who underwent public SUD treatment between 2010 and 2019 in general population programs were analyzed. Using survival analysis and inverse probability-weighted multinomial logistic regression models, the findings reveal consistent patterns: individuals living with family of origin had the highest survival rates and prolonged treatment retention, followed by those living with partner/children, and those living alone had the lowest survival rates (Restricted mean survival times (year) were 0.60, 0.57, and 0.55 to at one year, respectively). The study emphasizes the crucial role of social bonds, particularly familial and relational ties, in influencing treatment outcomes. In conclusion, this study underscores the necessity to consider social support when formulating effective SUD treatment strategies and the potential positive impact of familial and relational bonds, especially during the critical phase of emerging adulthood.
Research Clinical Analysis and Risk Factors Associated With a Poor Prognosis in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection: An 8-year Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chai Jing-Jing , Zhang Su-Jie , Ma Chong , Mei Qi-Min , Liu Tao , Liu Ji-Hai , Liu Ye-Cheng , Zhu Hua-Dong
Published: April 2024

Background: In recent years, the incidence of Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) disease has been increasing worldwide. This study aimed to identify risk factors affecting the prognosis and mortality of non-HIV NTM patients.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The electronic medical records in the hospital’s database from January 2013 to December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Relevant data, including clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, detected microorganisms, treatments, and outcomes were collected and subjected to statistical analyses.
Results: The search identified 745 patients diagnosed with NTM infection, of whom 147 met the inclusion criteria. Pulmonary NTM was most commonly observed (n=93; 63.3%), followed by disseminated infection (n=43; 29.3%). The most frequent NTM species was Mycobacterium avium complex (55.8%), followed by Mycobacterium abscessus (21.2%). The incidence of Aspergillus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection was significantly higher in the pulmonary NTM group than in the disseminated NTM group. Cumulative mortality in the total patients was 24.49% at 5 years. High charlson comorbidity index (CCI), high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR), hematological disease, and disseminated infection were identified as independent predictors of unfavorable outcomes. The area under the curve (AUC) values for NLR and NMLR were 0.751 and 0.763 with optimal cut-off values of 9.50 and 3.83, respectively, for prediction of mortality in NTM patients.
Conclusions: High CCI, high NLR, hematological disease, and disseminated infection were identified as independent predictors of mortality in non-HIV NTM patients.
Is polyphagy of a specific cryptic Bemisia tabaci species driving the high whitefly populations on cassava in eastern Africa?
Authors: Namuddu Annet , Malka Osnat , Seal Susan , Brunschot Sharon , Kabaalu Richard , Omongo Christopher , Morin Shai , Colvin John
Published: April 2024

There have been increasingly high whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) populations and associated vector-borne viral disease pandemics since the 1990s on cassava, one of the key staple food crops in eastern Africa. The increased whitefly numbers have also been observed on other crops and uncultivated plants. Previous studies, mainly based on adult whitefly surveys have associated the upsurges on cassava with two B. tabaci populations, sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1) and SSA2, yet factors behind the population increases on other plants and their relations are unclear. In addition, other species of B. tabaci including East Africa1 (EA1), Indian Ocean (IO), MED, SSA9 and SSA10 have also been reported to occur on cassava in low numbers. In this study fourth-instar nymphs were collected from cassava and 20 other common host plants to establish the actual host plants of B. tabaci for their growth and development in Uganda, a centre of diversity of this insect pest complex. Host-transfer experiments were also conducted to establish the ability of seven B. tabaci species: EA1, MEAM1, MED-ASL, SSA1-subgroup1, SSA1-Hoslundia, SSA6 and SSA12 to develop on cassava. Identities of fourth instar nymphs were determined using the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (mtCO1) sequences (657 bp) in the 3′ barcode region used for B. tabaci systematics. Twelve B. tabaci of which one is a proposed novel B. tabaci putative species, B. afer and one novel whitefly species were identified based on the 3.5% threshold criterion in nucleotide sequence divergence. Cassava was colonised by B. tabaci populations; SSA1-SG1, SSA1-SG2, and SSA2. The most prevalent whiteflies in this study were B. tabaci, SSA1-SG1 (26.8%), MED-ASL (14.5%), and SSA13 (12.9%). These B. tabaci species were also the most polyphagous colonising twelve, eight and six plant species, respectively. Several (≥ 3) whitefly species colonised specific weeds; Aspilia Africana, Commelina benghalensis, Hoslundia opposita, Pavonia urens and Sida acuta. The ability to colonise several plants provides (i) continuous habitat leading to the increased whitefly populations and (ii) reservoirs for mixed infections of whitefly-vectored viruses. Management of whitefly pest populations in eastern Africa will require an integrated approach that takes into consideration their degree of polyphagy and an environment that enables the continuous presence of crop and uncultivated plant hosts.
Estimation of the lateral earth pressure acting on a row of piles given the soil arching effect
Authors: Song Young-Suk , Hong Seongwon
Published: April 2024

The plastic deformation in the ground between piles undergoing lateral soil flow starts first from the crown part of the external arch in the soil arching zone; then, the plastic deformation is developed to the wedge part around the piles. The geometric configuration of the soil arching zone between the piles is newly defined through the analysis of the model test result. Based on the geometric configuration of the soil arching zone, a new theoretical equation is proposed using the theory of cylindrical cavity expansion. To verify the new equation, a field monitoring test is performed at a cut slope that is reinforced by stabilizing piles, and the test results and the equation are analyzed and compared with the equation proposed by Ito and Matsui (1975). It is noted that the new equation can better capture the measured deflection from the tests than the model by Ito and Matsui (1975). Therefore, the new equation can be adapted to estimate the lateral earth pressure acting on a pile and a row of stabilizing piles can be eventually designed without overestimating the lateral earth pressure.
Dynamics of Fluid Flow in Functionally Graded Tapered Pipes on Elastic Foundations
Authors: Rajasekaran Sundaramoorthy
Published: April 2024

Flow-induced vibration is a common phenomenon in fluid dynamics, finding applications from aeroelasticity to blood flow in arteries. This study presents a finite element formulation as well as Galerkn's method for analysing the free and forced vibration of pipes that carry either harmonically pulsating or uniform flows. Relevant finite element matrices and coefficients of Galerkin's method are derived to address dynamic and stability issues. Notably, the damping and stiffness matrices are shown to vary with time. Galerkin's approach is also employed to validate the results obtained through the finite element method. Furthermore, this research explores the dynamic and stable behaviour of pipes with various boundary conditions, such as simply supported, clamped, propped cantilever and cantilever pipes resting on elastic foundations. Additionally, it addresses the problems related to axially functionally graded tapered pipes conveying either Newtonian or non-Newtonian flows. The Connors critical velocity is also discussed as a measure of initiating fluid-induced instability. It is observed that the natural frequency and critical velocity increase with the flow index, Winkler foundation stiffness and mass ratio. Several numerical examples are provided to validate the applied methodologies. Overall, this research contributes valuable insights into the complex interactions between flow and vibration in various pipe configurations with practical implications across multiple engineering disciplines.
Transcriptomic profiling of the immune response to Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) in E11 cells
Authors: Zhang Yanbing , Sun Wei , Tan Xu , Gong Cuiping , Kong Weiguang , Liu Xiaodan
Published: April 2024

Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) has caused severe disease and mortality in commercial fish in China. To investigate the molecular relationships between pathogen and host, transcriptome analysis of SCRV-infected and non-infected E11 cells was obtained using the Illumina HiSeq X Ten sequencing system. There was 29,894 unigenes assembled and a total of 4137 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), consisting of 2189 up-regulated and 1948 down-regulated unigenes were detected between SCRV-infected and non-infected E11 cells. To understand the immune response of the virus in the host, pathway function analysis indicates that SCRV infection affected 31 typical immune-related pathways, including MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Endocytosis and Apoptosis, suggesting that E11 cells resist SCRV invasion through these innate immune pathways. Overall, qRT-PCR results showed similar expression to Illumina HiSeq, with reliable sequencing results. These results provided some vital clues which will be helpful to future study on SCRV-host interactions.
A 12-week randomized controlled trial of active mobilization of hamstring for non-specific low back pain and musculoskeletal discomfort during prolonged sitting among young people: Study protocol
Authors: Łabęcka Marta , Plandowska Magdalena , Truszczyńska-Baszak Aleksandra , Rajabi Reza , Płaszewski Maciej , Różańska Dorota
Published: April 2024

Introduction
This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effect of a 12-week intervention involving active hamstring flexibility exercises with hip flexion mobilization on reducing low back pain (LBP) and perceived musculoskeletal discomfort during prolonged sitting in young adults.
Methods
Participants were recruited from Physical Education Faculty students and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (hamstring flexibility exercises) or the control group (no intervention). The primary outcome measures will be average pain intensity, functional disability, and perceived musculoskeletal discomfort during prolonged sitting. Secondary outcome measures will be satisfaction with the intervention and flexibility of the hamstring.
Results
A total of 44 participants will fulfill the inclusion criteria and will be completed the study. The results will demonstrate changes in average pain intensity, functional disability, perceived musculoskeletal discomfort during prolonged sitting, and the global perceived improvement in the experimental group compared to the control group. Additionally, in the experimental group, the level of satisfaction with the intervention and possible changes in the flexibility of the hamstring will be presented.
Conclusions
As an increase in LBP frequency is observed, it seems justified to research to determine the effect of feasible and effective interventions in addressing LBP and perceived musculoskeletal discomfort in young people. The findings of this study might provide information about a 12-week intervention involving active hamstring flexibility exercises with hip flexion mobilization on reduction of LBP and musculoskeletal discomfort during prolonged sitting in young adults. We hope this study will help to develop ergonomic recommendations for young people with LBP.
Analysis of Near-Fault Ground Motions in the February 2023 Kahramanmaras, Türkiye, Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Chang Zhiwang , Wu Haoran , Li Wanheng , Yan Zhenxu , Peng Longqiang , Zhu Ge
Published: April 2024

The southern Türkiye and northern Syria areas were hit on February 2023 by a large earthquake with Mw=7.8, followed by another large aftershock with Mw=7.5. The two-earthquake sequence, coupled with a series of smaller aftershocks, caused severe structural and geotechnical damage and fatalities. The objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics of near-fault ground motions observed in the earthquake sequence. To this end, the ground motion intensity measures are firstly compared with existing models; it is shown that PGA and spectral accelerations from both the non-pulse-like and the pulse-like motions can be well captured by the Zhao et al. (2006) model. Subsequently, the velocity pulses in near-fault ground motions are not only quantitatively identified, but are also parameterized using the progressive iterative approach. The identified pulses are then empirically categorized into two groups of records with different causative effects according to the criterion of whether or not non-zero displacements could be visually inspected at the end of the integrated pulse displacement traces. Pulse-like ground motions containing baseline offset are also corrected, and final permanent displacements due to fling-step effects are accordingly derived. To determine the orientations at which the strongest pulses can be observed, two different approaches are employed. It is revealed that the indirect method by seeking the orientation of the maximum PGV appears to be not reliable if it is to find the strongest pulse, at least with respect to the 2023 Türkiye earthquake sequence.
In Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Plumbago Zeylanica L. Against Androgen receptor in Prostate cancer
Authors: Lakshmi S Siva , Aishwarya A. , Monika T. , H Vetha Merlin Kumari , kantham T. Lakshmi , Meenakumari R.
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
In Siddha medicine, a number of herbs are mentioned as possible cancer therapies, both alone and in combination. Such one of the best herb mention in siddha literature is Ven Kodiveli/ Ven chithramoolam. (Plumbago zeylanica L.) which is an extremely powerful herb with wide distribution, and also component of many Siddha drugs Like Chitramoola kuligai, chithramoola thylam etc. In that chithra moola kuligai is specially indicated for Yoni putru (Vaginal cancer), linga putru (Penile cancer, Prostate cancer), Vippuruthi (All types of cancers). The objective of this study is performing in silico computational analyses of phytoconstituents in extracts of the root of Plumbago zeylanica against antrogen receptor for prostate cancer
Methodology:
Docking calculations were carried out for retrieved phytocomponents of Plumbago zeylanica against the target Androgen receptor. Essential hydrogen atoms, Kollman united atom type charges, and solvation parameters were added with the aid of AutoDock tools .
Observation and inference:
Total of 5 bioactive lead compounds were retrieved from the herbal ingredients. From reported data of the herb, the phytochemicals such as Lupeol and Stigmasterol reveals maximum of 5 interactions followed by which the compounds such as Plumbagin, Oleic Acid and β-Asarone reveals maximum of 4 interactionswith the core active amino acid residues present on the target androgen receptor.
Conclusion:
Based on the results of the computational analysis it was concluded that the bio-active compound’s like Lupeol and Stigmasterol, Plumbagin, Oleic Acidand β-Asarone present in the herbal ingredients possess significant binding affinity towards androgen receptor thereby it may greatly inhibits progression of prostate cancer. Further clinical trials would be beneficial in determining whether this herb is an effective therapy for prostate cancer.
Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant JN.1 in Tamil Nadu, India - Clinical Characteristics and Novel Mutations
Authors: Selvavinayagam Sivaprakasam T. , Sankar Sathish , Yong Yean Kong , Murugesan Amudhan , Suvaithenamudhan Suvaiyarasan , Hemashree Kannan , Rajeshkumar Manivannan , Kumaresan Anandhazhvar , Pandey Ramendra Pati , Shanmugam Saravanan , Arthydevi Parthiban , Kumar Masilamani Senthil , Gopalan Natarajan , Kannan Meganathan , Cheedarla Narayanaiah , Tan Hong Yien , Zhang Ying , Larsson Marie , Balakrishnan Pachamuthu , Velu Vijayakumar , Byrareddy Siddappa N. , Shankar Esaki Muthu , Raju Sivadoss
Published: April 2024

In December 2023, we observed a notable shift in the COVID-19 landscape, when the JN.1 emerged as a predominant SARS-CoV-2 variant with a 95% incidence. We characterized the clinical profile, and genetic changes in JN.1, an emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant of interest. Whole genome sequencing was performed on SARS-CoV-2 positive samples, followed by sequence analysis. Mutations within the spike protein sequences were analyzed and compared with the previous lineages and sublineages of SARS-CoV-2, to identify the potential impact of these unique mutations on protein structure and possible functionality. Several unique and dynamic mutations were identified herein. Our data provides key insights into the emergence of newer variants of SARS-CoV-2 in our region and highlights the need for robust and sustained genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.
An engineered imine reductase for highly diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of β-branched amines with contiguous stereocenters
Authors: Zhu Zhen-Yu , Shi Min , Gao Yun-Fei , Shen Xin-Yuan , Ding Xu-Wei , Li Chen-Lin , Fei-FeiChen  , Xu Jian-He , Chen Qi , Zheng Gao-Wei
Published: April 2024

βBranched chiral amines with contiguous stereocenters are valuable building blocks for preparing various biologically active molecules. However, their asymmetric synthesis remains challenging. Herein, we report a highly diastereo- and enantioselective biocatalytic approach for preparing a broad range of β-branched chiral amines starting from their corresponding racemic ketones. This involves a dynamic kinetic resolution-asymmetric reductive amination process catalyzed using only an imine reductase. Four rounds of protein engineering endowed wild-type PocIRED with higher reactivity, better stereoselectivity, and a broader substrate scope. Using the engineered enzyme, various chiral amine products were synthesized with up to > 99.9% ee, > 99:1 dr, and > 99% conversion. The practicability of the developed biocatalytic method was confirmed by producing a key intermediate of tofacitinib in 74% yield, > 99.9% ee, and 98:2 dr at a challenging substrate loading of 110 g L− 1. Our study provides a highly capable imine reductase and a protocol for developing an efficient biocatalytic dynamic kinetic resolution-asymmetric reductive amination reaction system.
Chemical composition, antifungal and antioxidant properties of seasonal variation in Eucalyptus tereticornis leaves of essential oil
Authors: Khaiper Mamta , Poonia P. K. , Redhu Ishu , Verma Preety , Nasir Mohammed , Tiwari Anjali , Kumar Vikas
Published: April 2024

The study aims to evaluate the chemical composition and anti-microbial activities of essential oils (EOs) extracted from fresh and shed dried leaves of Eucalyptus tereticornis clone C-83 during three consecutive seasons - winter, summer and rainy to determine the best harvesting time for obtaining the highest essential oil yield. The chemical composition was analyzed using a Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) and major compounds in fresh leaves oil were Eucalyptol (54.88%), Camphene (30.40%), α-Eudesmol (22.44%) and 3-Carene (19.50%). Dry leaf oil predominantly comprised Isopulegol (53.53%), 3-Isopropenyl-6-methyl-1-cyclohexene (17.29%) and Cis-Sabinene hydrate (13.55%). Isoterpinolene held a substantial presence at 5.61%, while Guaiol notably contributed at 2.49%. 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-2,5-dihydrooxazole registered at 2.32%, indicating its significant presence in the analyzed composition. Additionally, Bicyclogermacrene and Bicyclo[5.2.0]nonane, 2-methylene-4,8,8-trimethyl-4-vinyl-, exhibited noticeable percentages at 1.43% and 1.32%, respectively, underscoring their relative abundance within the sample. It revealed a concentration dependent rise in antioxidant effectiveness, with summer consistently exhibiting the highest radical scavenging potential of 93.58% at 4% concentration. Additionally, the oil showed antifungal properties against four plant-damaging fungi- Magnaporthe grisea, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizoctonia bataticola and Fusarium oxysporum- signifying potent antifungal properties in eucalyptus oils. The radical scavenging activity with increasing concentration across all seasons, showcasing higher efficacy as the concentration of essential oil rises, with the summer season consistently displaying the highest antioxidant potential across all concentrations. The study enhances comprehension of EOs and offers a pharmacological analysis, potentially advancing its exploration as a functional drug in agricultural and cosmetic sectors.
Predicting full retirement attainment of NBA players
Authors: Foutzopoulos Giorgos , Tsagris Michail , Pandis Nikolaos
Published: April 2024

The aim of this analysis is to predict whether an NBA player will be active in the league for at least 10 years so as to be qualified for NBA's full retirement scheme which allows for the maximum benefit payable by law. We collected per game statistics for players during their second year, drafted during the years 1999 up to 2006, for which information on their career longetivity is known. By feeding these statistics of the sophomore players into statistical and machine learning algorithms we select the important statistics and manage to accomplish a satisfactory predictability performance. Further, we visualize the effect of each of the selected statistics on the estimated probability of staying in the league for more than 10 years.
Zur Unterscheidung von Galium album und Galium mollugo in Südwestdeutschland
Authors: Diez Miriam , Schmieder Klaus , Thiv Mike
Published: April 2024

Für die Unterscheidung der sehr ähnlichen Arten Galium album Mill. (tetraploid) und Galium mollugo L. (diploid; Rubiaceae) werden zum Teil widersprüchliche Angaben zu den Differenzialmerkmalen gegeben. Daher sollen in dieser Arbeit Merkmale herausgearbeitet werden, die sich für eine eindeutige Unterscheidung im Feld und generell eignen. An südwestdeutschen Proben beider Arten wurden zunächst genetische und anschließend morphologische Merkmale wie Blütendurchmesser, Blütenstiellänge, Strukturdicke im Blattquerschnitt, Blattlänge und -breite untersucht. Für die Bestimmung der Ploidiestufe wurden Zellkerngrößen ermittelt. Hinsichtlich der Zellkerngrößen unterscheiden sich die beiden Arten deutlich. Die Sequenzierung einiger DNA-Marker ergab keine Trennung der beiden Arten. Morphologisch lässt sich Galium album von G. mollugo am besten durch den größeren Blütendurchmesser, die größere Blattlänge und -breite sowie das höhere Verhältnis von Blattlänge zu -breite unterscheiden. Auf der Grundlage der gefundenen Merkmale wurde ein Vorschlag für einen neuen Bestimmungsschlüssel erstellt.
Lysimachia loeflingii (= Anagallis arvensis f. azurea), eine übersehene und vernachlässigte mitteleuropäische Art oder nur eine Farbform?
Authors: Hassler Michael , Vogt Dominik
Published: April 2024

Die blaublütige Form des Acker-Gauchheils (Lysimachia arvensis bzw. Anagallis arvensis) wurde neuerdings von Jiménez-López et al. (2022) aufgrund molekularsystematischer Ergebnisse als eigene Art Lysimachia loeflingii abgetrennt. Sie wurde in Mitteleuropa bisher selten beachtet und galt eher als – meist nur kursorisch als Kuriosität erwähnte – Farbmorphe. Außerdem wurde (und wird) sie regelmäßig mit dem ebenfalls blaublühenden L. foemina verwechselt; unter diesem Namen sind die Funde oft in Herbarien abgelegt.
Literaturrecherchen, Feld- und Herbarstudien ergaben sehr zerstreute bis seltene Nachweise für mehrere Bundesländer, insbesondere in klimatisch begünstigten Gebieten. Der früheste gefundene Herbarbeleg datiert auf 1895 (Sachsen-Anhalt).
Sollte L. loeflingii tatsächlich als eigene Art anerkannt werden, ist es möglich, dass es sich um eine archäophytische oder sogar indigene Pflanze handelt; dies kann aber leider nicht mehr belegt werden. Eine gelegentliche Einschleppung aus dem Hauptverbreitungsgebiet in Südeuropa oder über Blühmischungen nichtregionaler Herkunft bleibt ebenfalls nicht auszuschließen.
Aufgrund der sehr seltenen und sporadischen Vorkommen in extensiven Segetalfluren der Wärmegebiete ist von einer starken Gefährdung der Art auszugehen.
Pilosella multiflora, der korrekte Name für Pilosella guthnikiana
Authors: Gottschlich Günter
Published: April 2024

Eine bislang unberücksichtigt gebliebene Publikation von Gaudin (1820) macht eine Umbenennung von Pilosella guthnikiana zu P. multiflora nötig. Für das Basionym Hieracium multiflorum Schleich. ex Gaudin wird ein Schleicher-Beleg aus dem Herbarium Lausanne (LAU-0122837) als Neotypus festgelegt und dieser abgebildet. Zwei zugehörige Unterarten werden zu P. multiflora kombiniert.
Beiträge zur Oenothera-Flora Mitteldeutschlands – Zur Differenzierung und Bestimmung wichtige Merkmale
Authors: Heyde Karl Michael
Published: April 2024

Aufgrund ihrer genetischen Besonderheiten, der Ringbildung während der Meiose, der überwiegend heterogamen Weitergabe von mütterlichen und väterlichen Chromosomen, des Wirkens von Renner-Komplexen und von Letalfaktoren, bilden Nachtkerzen genetisch stabile Sippen, die nach dem Artkonzept von Renner Arten darstellen. Für die in Mitteldeutschland (einschließlich Südbrandenburg) aufgefundenen Nachtkerzen der Sektion Oenothera subsect. Oenothera wird die Variabilität morphologischer Merkmale beschrieben und ihre Bedeutung für die Systematik und Bestimmung diskutiert. Des Weiteren wird aufgezeigt, dass sich bei einigen Nachtkerzenarten die Ausprägung morphologischer Merkmale in Bezug auf Färbung und Struktur während der Blütezeit verändert, was ihre Differenzierung in dichotomen Bestimmungsschlüsseln erschwert. Da es für die Bestimmung wichtig ist, viele Merkmale im frischen Zustand zu erfassen, wird ein hierfür erarbeiteter Erfassungsbogen vorgestellt.
Chromosomenzahlen von Farn- und Samenpflanzen aus Deutschland 17
Authors: Gregor Thomas , Paule Juraj , Mayer Anton , Meierott Lenz , Meyer Norbert , Uhlemann Ingo
Published: April 2024

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Deglutição Acidental de Artefatos na Implantodontia: Relato de Caso Clínico
Authors: Vianna Thiago Cardoso , Pereira João Vitor Dias , Silva Lyncoln Eduardo Alves , Silva Diego Assunção Calixto da , Tannus Lorena de Oliveira Tannus , Araújo Priscila Xavier de , Lima Anderson Bentes de , Caldas Ivete Furtado Ribeiro , Silveira-Sabbá Amanda da Costa
Published: April 2024

Acidente e complicações podem ocorrer durante os procedimentos odontológicos em implantodontia, como deglutição e aspiração de corpos estranhos, que podem gerar complicações e comprometer o bem-estar físico e psicológico do paciente. O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar um caso clínico de deglutição de artefatos utilizados na implantodontia e seu acompanhamento. Paciente de 80 anos, após ser submetido ao procedimento de inserção de implante osseointegrado, deglutiu o conjunto chave e tapa-implante. Foram realizadas radiografias de tórax e abdômen com aproximadamente 48 e 72 horas, além da orientação de uma dieta rica em fibras. Após 14 dias do ocorrido novas radiografias foram realizadas e foi constatado que o conjunto não estava mais no trato gastrointestinal, sugerindo então que fora expelido. O paciente foi acompanhado semanalmente por 1 mês, e observou-se que não apresentou alteração no estado físico e psicológico. Assim, além de alertar que essas intercorrências podem ocorrerr, propõe-se que os profissionais busquem formas de prevenção dos acidentes e considera-se de grande importância a conduta profissional nesses casos, com orientações e acompanhamento.
A Comparison of the Utterance Patterns of English Negative Polarity Items : Focused on Subjects and Objects
Authors:   British And American Language And Literature Association Of Korea, Kim Bokyeong
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the speech acts of Korean adolescents, focusing on the English negative polarity item(NPI) ‘any’, which, unlike Korean, exhibits subject-object asymmetry. Specifically, differences in speech rates of NPIs and indefinite pronouns were confirmed in the subject and object positions. English NPIs mainly appear in negative contexts and conditional sentences, and since they must comply with the C-command conditions, indefinite pronouns mainly appear in the subject position, and relatively both NPIs and indefinite pronouns appear in the object position. Focusing on these basic theories, this study checked what they were like in practice. Overall, the rate of utterance of indefinite pronouns in the subject position was much higher than that of NPIs. And the fact that the rate of utterance of indefinite pronouns increases with age may be a result of learning. In the object position, the rate of utterance of indefinite pronouns was found to be similar and slightly higher than that of NPIs. This means that participants may know through learning or innately that both NPIs and indefinite pronouns are possible in the object position. It was found that the younger Korean adolescents were, the more familiar they were with the use of NPIs with the negative word ‘not’, and the less familiar they were with the use of indefinite pronouns with negative connotation. This is believed to be proportional to the frequency of appearance of ‘not’, which is commonly used in negative sentences in a second language environment.
Exploring Student Perceptions of Level-Differentiated Instruction for Improving College English Programs
Authors:   British And American Language And Literature Association Of Korea, Bae Kyungjin
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate perceptions of students in a non-metropolitan university regarding level-differentiated general English classes with a primary objective of identifying strategies to improve a college English program. To achieve the goal, a survey was conducted to assess the necessity and educational effects of level-differentiated classes, and 434 students responded. The results are summarized as follows: First, nearly half of the students disapproved the level-differentiated instruction. Second, the students exhibited more positive responses on the effectiveness of level-differentiated instruction. Third, perception on the effectiveness of level-differentiated instruction differed depending on the students’ views of its necessity. Those who feel the need for level-differentiated instruction are in favor of the effects of level-differentiated instruction. Based on the findings and analysis of the survey, pedagogical implications and suggestions were provided to improve the college English program in the university without differentiated English classes.
Transitions of (The) Flower Drum Song: From Chin Yang Lee to David Henry Hwang
Authors:   British And American Language And Literature Association Of Korea, d d
Published: April 2024

The Flower Drum Song, written by Chin Yang Lee, and its homonymous musical adaptation by David Henry Hwang, are two seminal American works exploring Chinese American life. However, the musical has undergone significant transformations in various aspects. Therefore, this study aims to examine the transitions of (The) Flower Drum Song in settings, character portrayals, as well as the presentation and preservation of Chinese culture. The findings reveal that David Henry Hwang demonstrates a more proactive and independent motivation in portraying Chinese Americans compared to Chin Yang Lee; However, he falls short in effectively presenting and preserving Chinese culture as skillfully accomplished by Chin Yang Lee. David Henry Hwang's Flower Drum Song presents a more accurate portrayal of characters, while Chin Yang Lee's novel better preserves traditional Chinese culture. Generally, the transitions of settings, character portrayals, and plotlines are progress in Hwang’s musical, while the transition of Chinese cultural portrayal presents some retrogress, compared with that in Lee’s novel.
An Investigation of EFL College Students’ L2 Academic Writing Anxiety
Authors:   British And American Language And Literature Association Of Korea, Yoon Hye Joon
Published: April 2024

In order to explore L2 writers’ psychological aspects, this project investigated the academic writing anxiety experienced by Korean college students majoring in English. Accordingly, the present study made use of both quantitative and qualitative data. Cheng’s (2004) Second Language Writing Anxiety Inventory (SLWAI) was administered to 150 participants to identify their levels, patterns, and possible sources of L2 writing anxiety, along with their scores on the TOEFL writing task and the qualitative data from the open-ended questionnaire. The quantitative findings indicated that participants experienced a moderate level of L2 academic writing anxiety, which negatively correlated with their L2 writing performance in terms of both quality and quantity. The qualitative findings revealed four major themes that caused L2 academic writing anxiety: linguistic knowledge, writing skills for content development, evaluation, and task environment. The pedagogical implications for EFL writers were discussed.
Refugees and Citizens: Focusing on the Narratives of Refugee87 and Refugee in a Day
Authors:   British And American Language And Literature Association Of Korea, Hwang Eundeog
Published: April 2024

This paper explores the dynamics and positionality between refugees and citizens, and ‘the space’ between refugees and citizens through two novel texts. Based on Hannah Arendt and Giorgio Agamben's concepts of nation, refugee, and human rights, the paper will discuss Ele Fountain's Refugee87(2018) and Pyo Myeong-hee's Refugee in a Day(2018) which were published in the UK and Korea respectively. The two novel texts show that even citizens living normally within their countries of origin can become a ‘Homo Sacer’ and a ‘human species in its natural state’ at any moment. The fact that an ordinary citizen is suddenly reduced to a bare life(Homo Sacer) and then a refugee suggests that the boundary among a citizen, a bare life, and a refugee can be moveable and their positionalities are not fixed. The fluidity of citizens and refugees’ positionalities raises doubts about the operating principles that constitute the foundation of the modern nation-state. It can be said that the existence of refugees serves to endanger the originally fictitious national sovereignty.
Berteologi dalam Konteks Adat Istiadat Toraja: Kehadiran Kristen Memberikan Pemaknaan Baru pada Kurban Kerbau di Upacara Adat Rambu Solo’
Authors: Lintin Thrisnawati , Natar Asnath Niwa
Published: April 2024

AbstrakThis journal discusses the phenomenon of customary transformation within Toraja culture, specifically focusing on the tradition of buffalo sacrifice in the Rambu Solo’ traditional ceremony. The Rambu Solo ceremony is one of Toraja’s traditions related to rich funeral rites. Through a contextual theology approach, it presents a new interpretation of Toraja cultural values, leading to a transformation in the understanding of cultural identity and spirituality within the tradition of buffalo sacrifice. This journal attempts to provide a theological analysis of this transformation in the face of the religious and cultural challenges that shape the identity and cultural values of Toraja, particularly within the tradition of buffalo sacrifice, which is a centralconcern in the ancestral heritage. Through this approach, Christianity can introduce new interpretations without altering the essence of the tradition. This presents both a challenge and an opportunity for Christianity to be embraced within Toraja culture while preserving its cultural identity. Therefore, this paper seeks to explain how the presence of Christianity and Toraja customary beliefs can coexist without dominating each other, therefore creating an effort to preserve Toraja culture while remaining open to the influence of Christianity in a culture confronted with the changes of time.
AbstractJurnal ini membahas fenomena transformasi adat dalam budaya Toraja, secara khusus pada tradisi kurban kerbau dalam upacara adat rambu solo’. Upacara rambu solo’ adalah salah satu tradisi Toraja yang berhubungan dengan upacara pemakaman yang kaya akan pemaknaan. Melalui pendekatan teologi kontekstual menghadirkan pemaknaan baru terhadap nilai-nilai budaya Toraja, sehingga terbentuklah transformasi pemaknaan baru terhadap identitas budaya dan spiritualitas dari tradisi kurban kerbau. Jurnal ini mencoba melakukan analisis teologis terhadap transformasi dalam menghadapi tantangan agama dan budaya yang menjadi identitas dan nilai-nilai adat Toraja, secara khusus pada tradisi kurban kerbau yang menjadi persoalan utama dalam pemahaman dari warisan nenek moyang. Melalui pendekatan ini keKristenan dapat menghadirkan pemaknaan baru tanpa mengubah esensi dari tradisi tersebut. Hal ini menjadi tantangan sekaligus peluang bagi keKristenan untuk dapat diterima dalam budaya Toraja, namun tetap mempertahankan identitas budaya tersebut. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini mencoba menjelaskan kehadiran keKristenan dan keyakinan adat Toraja dapat berdampingan dan tidak saling mendominasi, sehingga terciptalah sebuah upaya dalam mempertahankan budaya Toraja sekaligus terbuka terhadap kehadiran keKristenan dalam budaya yang diperhadapkan dengan perkembangan zaman.
Christian Mindfulness: Sebuah Spiritualitas Holistik Keseharian dalam Tradisi Buddha dan Kristen
Authors: Haryono Stefanus Christian
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article discusses the encounter of mindfulness in the modern world which are rooted in the Buddhist tradition and the Christian tradition, which is known as contemplation. The encounter of two religious’ traditions, Buddhism and Christianity, forms the basis for exploring the spiritual formation of Christian mindfulness as a holistic spirituality of daily life. Christian mindfulness becomes an interdisciplinary spirituality in the modern world and interspirituality in a plural world.
AbstrakArtikel ini mendiskusikan perjumpaan mindfulness di dunia modern yang berakar pada tradisi Buddha dan tradisi Kristen, yang dikenal dengan kontemplasi. Perjumpaan dua tradisi religius, tradisi Buddha dan tradisi Kristen menjadi dasar penggalian formasi spiritual Christian mindfulness sebagai sebuah spiritualitas holistik keseharian. Christian mindfulness menjadi spiritualitas interdisipliner di dunia modern dan interspiritualitas di dunia plural.
Resensi Buku: Incarnate Earth: Deep Incarnation and the Face of Christ
Authors: Sendjaja Hendri Mulyana
Published: April 2024

Conversations about Christ or Christology are increasingly alive with the times. Many Christian theologians rethink what kind of Christology and how it can relate to and be creative for the changing context of the times. One of them is Matthew Eaton, who, through his book Incarnate Earth: Deep Incarnation and the Face of Christ, promotes a new, non-anthropocentric model of Christology, which seeks to connect with the context of the lives of the inhabitants of the Earth in facing various challenges in environmental crises.
Changes in tea culture seen through tea ceremony and collection by many Japanese entrepreneurs after World War II: Centered on Sazo Izumitsu and Kounosuke Matsushita
Authors:   Association for International Tea Culture, Park Sei-yeon
Published: April 2024

After World War II, the dissolution of chaebols was carried out due to the intervention of the U.S. military government, and many companies that had close relations with politicians disappeared in the process. Instead, new entrepreneurs have emerged suitable for the era of high growth that has been going on for more than 30 years since the 1950s. The tea ceremony, in which modern zaibatsu were immersed in the culture of the Japanese people, was introduced to new businessmen after the war. However, their tea ceremony and collection are different from those of zaibatsu before World War II. These include support for academia and collection of Western artworks for a more systematic academic approach. This paper analyzes the state of modern Japanese tea ceremony, focusing on the collection of Izumitsu Sasan from Izumitsu Kosan and Matsushita Konosuke from Panasonic, as well as tea rooms and tea ceremonies. Through this, the key words of modern Japanese tea ceremony are popularization and publicity through the construction of art museums. Unlike past chaebols, corporate contributions to consumers and the public are emphasized, and the tea ceremony of entrepreneurs is meaningful not as a hobby for a few selected people but as a cultural code for new consumers, including women. In the end, in a changed society, the past culture of Sukisha(数寄者) was dismantled, and two examples show Japanese tea culture, which seeks different spaces from each other.
A Study on Chinese Consumer Preference for the Tea Packaging Design: Focusing on the Comparative Analysis of China, Korea, and Japan Tea Packaging Designs
Authors:   Association for International Tea Culture, Wang Jiali , Zhang Qingfeng
Published: April 2024

Tea packaging reflects the cultural characteristics of different countries from all the following aspects: design concept, color, pattern elements, layout, and choice of materials. This study aims to propose means of improving Chinese tea packaging through the understanding of the formation processes of the tea culture concepts of Korea, China, and Japan. The study is based on comparative research and analysis of tea packaging in the three countries influenced by tea culture. The audience perspective was adopted to select three well-known tea brands in Korea, China, and Japan for comparative analysis. We combined qualitative and quantitative methods to compare tea culture elements, color elements, patterns, fonts, and image layouts of the visual language symbols. A total of 556 reliable questionnaires were obtained from the 600 questionnaires administered to varied age groups in China, and SPSS statistical data were used for the analysis, which revealed the following results. First, the colors and picture layouts of Korean tea packaging are more popular than those of China and Japan. Second, the pattern designs of Chinese tea packaging are more popular than those of Korea and Japan. Third, the font designs of the Japanese tea packaging are more popular than those of China and Korea. Fourth, the intention to buy tea is more predominant in Korea than in China and Japan. Korean, Chinese, and Japanese tea cultures and tea packaging designs are related to each other, and the visual language symbols of tea packaging design absorb the relevant tea culture heritage. It is also hoped that the visual language symbols of the tea packaging designs of the three countries can learn from each other through the present study and new and innovative ideas can emerge in tea packaging designs in tandem with the domestic tea culture inheritance. The comparison and discussion of the differences, problems, supplementary schemes, and improvement directions of Chinese tea packaging design enabled us to posit modern and systematic fundamental information about Chinese tea packaging.
Uso de álcool, tabaco e maconha entre estudantes do ensino médio e os fatores associados
Authors: Aragão Joyce Mazza Nunes , Morais Ledijane Nobre , De Almeida Paulo César , Oliveira Eliany Nazaré , Vasconcelos Maristela Inês Osawa , Viana Rebeca Sales , Bezerra Soleane Mazza Nunes
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao uso de álcool, tabaco e maconha entre alunos de Escolas Públicas de Ensino Médio da Cidade de Sobral-CE. Métodos: estudo desenvolvido com 546 alunos de sete escolas do Ensino Médio da sede do Município de Sobral-CE, através de um questionário online com informações sociodemográficas e do Drug Use Screening Inventory. Os resultados foram analisados utilizando os testes do Qui-quadrado e razão de verossimilhança. Resultados: o álcool apresentou maior prevalência (16,8%) seguido da maconha (7,3%) e do tabaco (3,5%). Estudar em escola em território de maior desigualdade social e cursar o 2º ou 3º ano, foram estaticamente significantes para o uso dessas três substâncias. Não ter religião também esteve associado ao uso de álcool e tabaco. Conclusões: há necessidade de uma atuação mais efetiva do poder público, com ações intersetoriais, envolvendo a comunidade escolar e equipes de saúde multiprofissionais.
Eudragit® L100 Post-Modification via Ugi Multicomponent Reaction
Authors: Brito Cássia , da Silva Eduardo , Icart Luis , Dias Marcos
Published: April 2024

This work investigated the post-modification of commercial poly(methyl mechacrylate-coacrylic acid) using the versatile multicomponent Ugi reaction. This reaction introduces diverse functionalities to tailor the polymer properties effectively. The commercial copolymer which is known for biocompatibility and drug delivery application was subjected to the Ugi reaction, altering its chemical structure. The structure of the modified polymer was checked by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic and nuclear magnetic resonance and thermal characterizations, confirming successful Ugi component integration. Additionally, gel permeation chromatography assessed molecular weight changes. Results revealed enhanced thermal stability of the modified polymers compared to unmodified polymer, potentially advantageous in high-temperature applications. In summary, the study demonstrates efficient poly(methyl mechacrylate-co-acrylic acid) post-modification through a multicomponent Ugi reaction, yielding tailored polymers. Comprehensive spectroscopic, thermal, and gel permeation analyses shed light on structural changes and improved stability, pivotal for innovative applications like drug delivery.
Connected metric dimension of the class of ladder graphs
Authors: Batiha M. Iqbal , Amin Mohamed , Mohamed Basma , Jebril H. Iqbal
Published: April 2024

Numerous applications, like robot navigation, network verification and discovery, geographical routing protocols, and combinatorial optimization, make use of the metric dimension and connected metric dimension of graphs. In this work, the connected metric dimension types of ladder graphs, namely, ladder, circular, open, and triangular ladder graphs, as well as open diagonal and slanting ladder graphs, are studied.