bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting vasospasm risk using first presentation aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage volume: A semi-automated CT image segmentation analysis using ITK-SNAP
Authors: Street James S. , Pandit Anand S. , Toma Ahmed K.
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a significant complication associated with poor neurological outcomes. We present a novel, semi-automated pipeline, implemented in the open-source medical imaging analysis software ITK-SNAP, to segment subarachnoid blood volume from initial CT head (CTH) scans and use this to predict future radiological vasospasm.

Methods

42 patients were admitted between February 2020 and December 2021 to our tertiary neurosciences center, and whose initial referral CTH scan was used for this retrospective cohort study. Blood load was segmented using a semi-automated random forest classifier and active contour evolution implemented in ITK-SNAP. Clinical data were extracted from electronic healthcare records in order to fit models aimed at predicting radiological vasospasm risk.

Results

Semi-automated segmentations demonstrated excellent agreement with manual, expert-derived volumes (mean Dice coefficient = 0.92). Total normalized blood volume, extracted from CTH images at first presentation, was significantly associated with greater odds of later radiological vasospasm, increasing by approximately 7% for each additional cm3 of blood (OR = 1.069, 95% CI: 1.021–1.120; p < .005). Greater blood volume was also significantly associated with vasospasm of a higher Lindegaard ratio, of longer duration, and a greater number of discrete episodes. Total blood volume predicted radiological vasospasm with a greater accuracy as compared to the modified Fisher scale (AUC = 0.86 vs 0.70), and was of independent predictive value.

Conclusion

Semi-automated methods provide a plausible pipeline for the segmentation of blood from CT head images in aSAH, and total blood volume is a robust, extendable predictor of radiological vasospasm, outperforming the modified Fisher scale. Greater subarachnoid blood volume significantly increases the odds of subsequent vasospasm, its time course and its severity.
Risk perception of non-communicable diseases: A systematic review on its assessment and associated factors
Authors: Jane Ling Miaw Yn , Ahmad Norfazilah , Aizuddin Azimatun Noor
Published: June 2023

Background

The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing. Risk perception of NCDs is an important factor towards the uptake of preventive health interventions. There are various questionnaires assessing risk perception of NCDs, but no internationally standardized questionnaire has been available. Identification of factors associated with risk perception of NCDs may facilitate the development of targeted interventions. This systematic review aims to identify available questionnaire assessing risk perception of NCDs and the factors associated with risk perception of NCDs.

Methods

The reporting of this systematic review is in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We carried out a literature search through three databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science) and targeted original article published in English between 2012 and 2021. Quality appraisal of the eligible articles was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings were synthesized using content analysis.

Results

A total of 86 studies were included. We found a variety of questionnaires assessing risk perception of NCDs, with many differences in their development, domains, items and validity. We also identified several personal, sociopsychological and structural factors associated with risk perception of NCDs.

Limitations

Most of the included studies were of cross-sectional design, and therefore the quality of evidence was considered low and exhibit a high risk of bias. The role of publication bias within this systematic review should be acknowledged as we did not include grey literature. Additionally, language bias must be considered as we only included English-language publications.

Conclusion

Further development and testing of available questionnaire is warranted to ensure their robustness and validity in measuring risk perception of NCDs. All the identified factors deserve further exploration in longitudinal and experimental studies.
Validation of a genome-wide polygenic score in improving fracture risk assessment beyond the FRAX tool in the Women’s Health Initiative study
Authors: Xiao Xiangxue , Wu Qing
Published: June 2023

Background

Previous study has established two polygenic scores (PGSs) related to femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) (PGS_FNBMDldpred) and total body BMD (PGS_TBBMDldpred) that are associated with fracture risk. However, these findings have not yet been externally validated in an independent cohort.

Objectives

This study aimed to validate the predictive performance of the two established PGSs and to investigate whether adding PGSs to the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) improves the predictive ability of FRAX in identifying women at high risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and hip fractures (HF).

Methods

The study used the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) cohort of 9,000 postmenopausal women of European ancestry. Cox Proportional Hazard Models were used to assess the association between each PGS and MOF/HF risk. Four models were formulated to investigate the effect of adding PGSs to the FRAX risk factors: (1) Base model: FRAX risk factors; (2) Base model + PGS_FNBMDldpred; (3) Base model + PGS_TBBMDldpred; (4) Base model + metaPGS. The reclassification ability of models with PGS was further assessed using the Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI) and the Integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).

Results

The study found that the PGSs were not significantly associated with MOF or HF after adjusting for FRAX risk factors. The FRAX base model showed moderate discrimination of MOF and HF, with a C-index of 0.623 (95% CI, 0.609 to 0.641) and 0.702 (95% CI, 0.609 to 0.718), respectively. Adding PGSs to the base FRAX model did not improve the ability to discriminate MOF or HF. Reclassification analysis showed that compared to the model without PGS, the model with PGS_TBBMDldpred (1.2%, p = 0.04) and metaPGS (1.7%, p = 0.05) improve the reclassification of HF, but not MOF.

Conclusions

The findings suggested that incorporating genetic information into the FRAX tool has minimal improvement in predicting HF risk for elderly Caucasian women. These results highlight the need for further research to identify other factors that may contribute to fracture risk in elderly Caucasian women.
Identification of orphan histidine kinases that impact sporulation and enterotoxin production by Clostridium perfringens type F strain SM101 in a pathophysiologically-relevant ex vivo mouse intestinal contents model
Authors: Mehdizadeh Gohari Iman , Li Jihong , Navarro Mauricio A. , Mendonça Fábio S. , Uzal Francisco A. , McClane Bruce A.
Published: June 2023

When causing food poisoning or antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Clostridium perfringens type F strains must sporulate to produce C. perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) in the intestines. C. perfringens is thought to use some of its seven annotated orphan histidine kinases to phosphorylate Spo0A and initiate sporulation and CPE production. We previously demonstrated the CPR0195 orphan kinase, but not the putative CPR1055 orphan kinase, is important when type F strain SM101 initiates sporulation and CPE production in modified Duncan-Strong (MDS) sporulation medium. Since there is no small animal model for C. perfringens sporulation, the current study used diluted mouse intestinal contents (MIC) to develop an ex vivo sporulation model and employed this model to test sporulation and CPE production by SM101 CPR0195 and CPR1055 null mutants in a pathophysiologically-relevant context. Surprisingly, both mutants still sporulated and produced CPE at wild-type levels in MIC. Therefore, five single null mutants were constructed that cannot produce one of the previously-unstudied putative orphan kinases of SM101. Those mutants implicated CPR1316, CPR1493, CPR1953 and CPR1954 in sporulation and CPE production by SM101 MDS cultures. Phosphorylation activity was necessary for CPR1316, CPR1493, CPR1953 and CPR1954 to affect sporulation in those MDS cultures, supporting their identity as kinases. Importantly, only the CPR1953 or CPR1954 null mutants exhibited significantly reduced levels of sporulation and CPE production in MIC cultures. These phenotypes were reversible by complementation. Characterization studies suggested that, in MDS or MIC, the CPR1953 and CPR1954 mutants produce less Spo0A than wild-type SM101. In addition, the CPR1954 mutant exhibited little or no Spo0A phosphorylation in MDS cultures. These studies, i) highlight the importance of using pathophysiologically-relevant models to investigate C. perfringens sporulation and CPE production in a disease context and ii) link the CPR1953 and CPR1954 kinases to C. perfringens sporulation and CPE production in disease-relevant conditions.
Sista, Stanap Strong! A Vanuatu Women’s Anthology, Mikaela Nyman and Rebecca Tobo Olul-Hossen (2021)
Authors: Kölling Angela
Published: June 2023

Review of: Sista, Stanap Strong! A Vanuatu Women’s Anthology, Mikaela Nyman and Rebecca Tobo Olul-Hossen (2021)

Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington Press, 188 pp.,

ISBN 978 1 77656 420 0 (pbk), NZ$30.00
Māori perspectives on justice for Pacific Islanders at risk of climate-induced displacement
Authors: Cohen Kayla
Published: June 2023

Anthropogenic climate change is causing ocean acidification and sea levels to rise, threatening the economic, food and physical security of low-lying Pacific Islands. Debates ensue as to whether these effects will force islanders to migrate and, if so, how the international community should conceive of and provide justice for climate-induced displacees. These debates pivot around questions of causality, agency, justice and state security. By focusing on the Indigenous intercultural dynamics that permeate the South Pacific, especially with regard to Polynesian solidarity, this study aims to add further nuance to the debate on how to govern climate-induced migration in the Pacific. Māori environmental activists and experts were interviewed for their views on justice for at-risk Pacific Islanders. Analysis revealed that interviewees conceptualized justice through a holistic prism, accounting for short- and long-term spiritual, psychological and socio-economic impacts of displacement. Drawing on Māori genealogy and principles, interviewees expressed a strong preference and perceived obligation to assist Polynesian displacees. A three-pronged paradigm of justice for Pacific Island displacees emerged based on the concepts of whakapapa, whakamana and rangatiratanga, promoting empowerment, epistemological equity and sovereignty. Rooted in Māori philosophy, this paradigm departs from the state security logic currently dominating climate change and migration discourses.
ANZAC Nations: The Legacy of Gallipoli in New Zealand and Australia 1965–2015, Rowan Light (2022)
Authors: Lindstrom Lamont
Published: June 2023

Review of: ANZAC Nations: The Legacy of Gallipoli in New Zealand and Australia 1965–2015, Rowan Light (2022)

Dunedin: Otago University Press, 262 pp.,

ISBN 978 1 99004 820 3 (pbk), NZ$50.00
The Platform: The Radical Legacy of the Polynesian Panthers, Melani Anae (2020)
Authors: Albisson Grégory
Published: June 2023

Review of: The Platform: The Radical Legacy of the Polynesian Panthers, Melani Anae (2020)

Wellington: Bridget Williams Books, 232 pp.,

ISBN 9 781 98858 743 1 (pbk), NZ$14.99
The Forgotten Wars: Why the Musket Wars Matter Today, Ron Crosby (2020)
Authors: Belgrave Michael
Published: June 2023

Review of: The Forgotten Wars: Why the Musket Wars Matter Today, Ron Crosby (2020)

Auckland: Oratia Books, 206 pp.,

ISBN 978 0 94750 697 7 (pbk), NZ$39.99
take care
Authors: Mitchell Karice
Published: June 2023

take care is a photographic installation by artist Karice Mitchell, whose practice seeks to unapologetically represent blackness as a site of resistance. Historically, Black women’s sexuality was central to their exploitation. Their sexuality continues to be systematically constructed and controlled through the white gaze, casting Black women as undesirable and “other” in order to normalize violence against them. Due to the ways in which Black women have been stereotyped as hypersexual beings in an effort to preserve white supremacy, Black women are often deprived of exercising full sexual autonomy. By re-appropriating and reclaiming Black erotic imagery, Mitchell subverts this history to begin redefining and reimagining possibilities for Black sexuality to exist beyond its historical construction. The words “take care” gesture to the importance of carving space for Black women to take care of themselves while acknowledging a collective history. Through enacting care, healing can be fostered to imagine empowering possibilities for existence.

Credit: Karice Mitchell, Hamilton Artists Inc.
IMAGE TO ACTION: Steve Paxton’s Proxy as Chance Machine
Authors: Thompson MJ
Published: June 2023

An essay and personal reflection on Steve Paxton’s 17 minute choreographic work for three dancers Proxy (1961).
In My Body: An African contemporary dance perspective
Authors: Murray Collette “Coco”
Published: June 2023

During a recent North American tour, Florent Nikéma performed in Pina Bausch’s Rite of Spring. After an October 2022 master workshop held at the Department of Dance, York University in Toronto, Canada, Nikéma was interviewed about his trajectory and contemporary experience in African-based dance vernacular by one of the participating graduate students.
Autoethnography and Somatic Modes of Attention
Authors: Sellers-Young Barbara
Published: June 2023

Somatic autoethnography integrates a materialist perspective that positions a dance ethnographer’s personal history--ethnicity, race, class or national origin—with modes of attention that highlight the impact of perception. From a contemporary neuro-science perspective somatic autoethnography can be articulated as an embodied form of research in which an act of mimesis in learning a dance form in a specific cultural context engages the neuro structures of the ethnographer to evolve new states of embodied cognition and an integration of perception, context/place, memory and imagination. In phenomenological terms, ethnographers transform their experience of their ‘lived-body’ through an intensive engagement in which the body of the performer through imitation becomes the object of the learner’s subjective identity. This project considers this topic from a historically contextual perspective of the author’s personal experience across three dance forms and cultural locations—Middle Eastern Raqs el Sharqi, dance among the Azande of South Sudan, and Japanese Nihon Buyo.
Next normal for business post pandemics: COVID-19
Authors: Safa Mahdi , Sharma Nomita , Weeks Kelly , Slaydon James
Published: June 2023

The world’s supply chains are changing as both expected and unexpected environmental pandemics occur. Even though some may be expected, the full extent and ramifications a pandemic will have is an estimate at best. Thus, both flexibility and resiliency are becoming crucial to efficient supply chain systems. This study analyses the recent COVID-19 phenomenon and uses it to gauge reactions, best practices, resilience-based issues and operational performance metrics in order to assist with potential future pandemics. Education, as seen, plays a pivotal role in effectively offering options to combat uncertainty and fluid situations. Such dynamic environments have historically posed a serious problem to operations; however, with proper preparation and care taken options are available today that help marginalize harm of future pandemics.
Enumerating happiness index during COVID-19 lockdowns using artificial intelligence techniques
Authors: Kaushik Keshav , Bhardwaj Akashdeep , Aggarwal Akarsh , Kumar Manoj
Published: June 2023

Happiness index is an all-inclusive methodology to assess well-being and happiness aspects of human resilience and sustainability. Pandemic like COVID-19 has brought deep level changes to human lifestyle and social behaviours. The world has been reshaped and life has more than likely changed permanently. This has led to calls for mental health, yet there is a dire need to introspect the mental state of health and behavioural changes. Happiness index is calculated based on factors such as GDP, freedom to make choice, health life expectancy and social support. These factors are analysed using datasets from social media with machine learning algorithms to map human response to the pandemic. This research focuses on use of artificial intelligence on the impact of lockdowns due to COVID-19 on the global happiness index.
Impact of digital innovations to manage the challenges of COVID-19 lockdown: A study based on the lessons from Indian organizations
Authors: Gupta Minisha , Singh Tribhuvan Pratap
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyse the impact of digital innovations to manage business operations during COVID-19 lockdown. Due to COVID-19, a nation-wide lockdown affected the Indian economy severely as both service and manufacturing organizations were closed for a long duration. Thus, to manage with these challenges and address the expectations of their employees, organizations identified various artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud-based digital innovations to continue their business operations during lockdown. The study used a systematic review of literature and document analysis to unravel such innovations that have been initiated and implemented in Indian organizations during COVID-19 lockdown. The study finds that digital innovations and strategies are useful for coping with unseen challenges and also can transform the organizations into smarter ones. The study proposes a conceptual framework on the basis of findings, which will be used for futuristic studies.
Microbusinesses’ challenges and perceptions in using social media during the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Skoumpopoulou Dimitra , Crisp Adam
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 struck the world by storm and has taken its victims along the way. It had also put the whole world on a temporary pause as people tried to manage the virus as best as possible. It has affected people all around the globe and had a huge impact on the global economy. This research will look into how microbusinesses have used social media in order to better face the challenges and changes that came due to the COVID-19 crisis while it will discuss how businesses’ perceptions were altered along the way. In particular we are reviewing relevant academic literature surrounding microbusinesses and how they have been affected by COVID-19. The research methods used within this study, and the research results will be stated with reference to primary respondents. We have used a combination of secondary and primary research to develop further understanding of microbusinesses and the impact that COVID-19 has had on organizations in relation to the use of the internet and social media platforms. Limitations of the study will also be identified, and future research areas will be identified.
Lideranças juvenis, capacidade de ação e obstáculos inclusivos em relatório do desenvolvimento das Nações Unidas
Authors: Rezende Maria José de
Published: June 2023

O Relatório sobre o Desenvolvimento Humano para o Mercosul – RDH-M (2009-2010) sistematizou um conjunto de Dados Qualitativos e Quantitativos sobre o modo como os (as) jovens percebem o mundo educacional e o do trabalho. Os elementos subjetivos – extraídos de 295 entrevistas com lideranças juvenis dos quatro países que compunham, efetivamente, o Mercosul em 2010 - possibilitam compreender suas percepções de mundo, suas motivações e perspectivas. Esta é uma pesquisa documental que dá centralidade ao modo como os produtores do RDH-M destacam a visão dos (das) jovens sobre o devir, ou seja, seus medos e esperanças. Os elaboradores do RDH-M demonstram que as expectativas positivas de realização laboral através da escolarização crescente estão muito mais presentes entre os (as) jovens mais abastados. Os mais pobres possuem muitos projetos, expectativas e esperanças, porém, parecem duvidar, mais intensamente, se o cumprimento dos ciclos escolares vai, de fato, garantir êxito no mundo do trabalho.
Recrutamento e Seleção: Do Analógico ao Digital
Authors: Melo Amanda Cruz , Andrade Jailza do Nascimento Tomaz
Published: June 2023

A evolução tecnológica altera o dia-a-dia das organizações, trazendo-lhes novos desafios que levam a mudanças nos processos, inclusive de RH. Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar os benefícios do uso das ferramentas digitais no processo de recrutamento e seleção, com a perspectiva de demonstrar a evolução do processo, as ferramentas digitais mais utilizadas e os ganhos obtidos com o uso das tecnologias no processo de recrutamento e seleção. Para tanto, foi utilizado como metodologia um processo qualitativo, de revisão de literatura e, também, exploratória, onde é fundamentalmente a pesquisa e análise do mundo empírico no ambiente natural. Assim, pode-se confirmar na pesquisa que esse processo trouxe vários benefícios de agilidade, acesso a um maior número de candidatos, além da redução de custos, inclusive com o uso de Inteligência Artificial, que criam valor para a empresa, podendo aumentar a visibilidade da organização no mercado, aumentar a capacidade de atração de talentos e melhorar a imagem de empresa.
O Endomarketing como Ferramenta para a Melhoria na Produtividade dos Colaboradores
Authors: Almeida Suzana do Nascimento , Silva Thiago Sousa
Published: June 2023

O antecedente de depressão está associado a desfechos maternos desfavoráveis. O objetivo foi analisar a aderência às prescrições médicas e às recomendações de profissionais de saúde relatadas por gestantes com história prévia de depressão, no Brasil, 2019. Os dados foram extraídos da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde-2019, um inquérito domiciliar coordenado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Quase 90% das mulheres responderam ter recebido prescrições médicas para tratamento de depressão, mas quase 70% não usaram os medicamentos prescritos. O encaminhamento para profissional especializado foi indicado para 42% (N=24.733) das gestantes. Dentre as mulheres que receberam encaminhamento, quase 20% não conseguiram ir às consultas com o especialista.  Tendo em mente as consequências não negligenciáveis da falta de aderência aos cuidados de saúde mental é crucial incluir o tema na agenda de saúde, criando alternativas para enfrentar os motivos que obrigam as mulheres a renunciar ao tratamento desse importante problema de saúde.
Análise da Busca Ativa em Exames de Contato de Casos de Hanseníase no Município de Almenara-MG entre 2017-2021
Authors: Lopes Rayllane Sousa , Nascimento Ednardo de Souza , Coelho Viviane Amaral Toledo , Coelho Thomaz , Souza Carla Giselly de , Bigatello Creonice Santos , Araújo Luanna Botelho Souto de
Published: June 2023

A hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa (silenciosa), de caráter crônico, causada pelo agente Mycobacterium leprae. Provoca lesões na pele, perda de sensibilidade, comprometimento neural e incapacidades físicas. Estes são quesitos responsáveis pelo tabu e o preconceito que envolvem a doença. O objetivo desse trabalho foi o de realizar uma Análise da busca ativa em exames de contato de casos de hanseníase no município de Almenara/MG nos anos de 2017-2021, baseado na análise de informações notificadas no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), fornecidos pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Empregou-se a revisão bibliográfica do tipo descritivo-exploratório de caráter qualitativo-quantitativo como método investigativo para obter informações pertinentes e coerentes para fundamentação teórica do problema. Os dados analisados no município de Almenara – MG e no distrito de Pedra Grande – MG são preocupantes, pois constatam que a classificação operacional multibacilar foi a mais prevalente. Foram evidenciados que há a predominância de casos do sexo masculino com hanseníase. Houve aumento de casos de recidiva, onde a maior causa é o tratamento PQT feito de forma inadequada ou incorreta. A média de contatos dos dados de 2017-2021 é de 3 a 4 pessoas por paciente notificado. A hanseníase constitui como um problema de Saúde Pública no Brasil, desta forma, faz-se necessário enfatizar a importância do profissional farmacêutico para o diagnóstico precoce. Diante desse estudo e dos estudos expostos neste trabalho, conclui-se que a busca ativa é um método primordial para a detecção precoce da doença.  Quanto mais rápido a doença for diagnosticada, menor a chance de causar incapacidades físicas e comprometimento de nervos. Para isso, se faz necessário maior eficácia na busca de contatos intradomiciliares e social do paciente. Assim como, creches e escolas, para evitar casos ativos da doença na faixa etária de 00-15 anos.
Utilização de Psicotrópicos no Cenário da Pandemia em Almenara-MG
Authors: Souza Sara Jénifer Alves Mendes , Mares Larissa Santos , Nascimento Ednardo de Souza , Coelho Viviane Amaral Toledo , Souza Carla Giselly de , Rêgo Ane Maria Brant Alves
Published: June 2023

A Covid-19 é uma doença altamente infecciosa e dada a sua rápida disseminação em nível global, a OMS anunciou como uma pandemia que além dos danos físicos, alterou significativamente o cotidiano socioafetivo da população em geral. Dadas as necessárias medidas sanitárias que incluíam isolamento e distanciamento social a saúde mental foi diretamente impactada. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a elevação do consumo, á partir da dispensa de medicamentos psicotrópicos da classe benzodiazepínicos em uma drogaria em Almenara-M\G no ano de 2019, comparativamente à 2020 e 2021, com a pandemia em curso. Foi realizada revisão bibliográfica em publicações de 2019 a 2021, sendo analisados 28 trabalhos. A falta de bem-estar mental desencadeou efeitos negativos à população, sendo a medicalização um dos principais mecanismos utilizados para superar as repercussões psicológicas impostas pelo cenário da Covid-19. O estudo sugere a relação do crescimento na comercialização desses medicamentos nessa drogaria, com os efeitos psicossociais da pandemia, e aponta a necessidade de medidas alternativas no enfrentamento dos danos integrais causado nos indivíduos.
Estudio del impacto de la producción orgánica en planteos mixtos (agrícolo-ganaderos) sobre algunos indicadores de calidad del suelo
Authors: De Siervi Marcelo Silvano , Grandoli Iván , Fabrizio de Iorio Alicia
Published: June 2023

El análisis de indicadores de calidad de suelo en sistemas orgánicos mixtos de producción extensiva en nuestro país no ha sido estudiado en profundidad. La producción orgánica se basa en la aplicación de un conjunto de técnicas que permitan proteger a los cultivos y animales de plagas para que no provoquen daños económicos, sin aplicar ningún tipo de insumo de origen sintético. El recurso suelo representa para estos sistemas un capital fundamental para garantizar la sustentabilidad de la producción. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar algunos indicadores de calidad de suelo en lotes de un establecimiento agropecuario bajo producción orgánica para evaluar el impacto de las prácticas de manejo utilizadas. El muestreo se realizó en ocho lotes bajo rotación agrícola y ganadera desde hace más de veinte años. Se procedió a tomar muestras compuestas superficiales (0 – 20 cm) y se determinó: % de materia orgánica (MO), pH, conductividad eléctrica (CE), fósforo extractable (Pe) y nitrógeno (N) Kjeldhal. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron limitaciones químicas severa a la productividad por desbalance de pH lo cual podría tener relación directa con la disponibilidad de algunos nutrientes como el fósforo. Comparando con los niveles originales de Pe de estos suelos, se observó una caída significativa de este parámetro en los lotes en producción. Debido a la inexistente reposición de nutrientes, los rendimientos de los cultivos son reducidos y muy variables lo que implica una reducción en el aporte de rastrojos y determinaría que el balance de carbono durante el ciclo agrícola sea negativo.
Estrategias para descompactar el suelo en la región semiárida pampeana: efecto residual en la infiltración básica y en el rendimiento
Authors: Fernández Romina , Álvarez Cristian , Noellemeyer Elke , Quiroga Alberto
Published: June 2023

La compactación del suelo es una problemática cada vez más recurrente y en la actualidad genera gran preocupación entre los productores y colegas de diferentes regiones del país. El presente trabajo consistió en evaluar, los efectos de diferentes estrategias de manejo para revertir la compactación. Sobre un suelo Franco del sur de la planicie con tosa de la Región Semiárida Pampeana, se instalaron diferentes tratamientos: - Testigo, sin cultivo de cobertura y sin descompactador mecánico (T). - Cultivo de cobertura, utilizado como descompactador biológico (CC). - Descompactador mecánico sin cultivo de cobertura (D). -Combinación de Descompactador mecánico y cultivo de cobertura (D CC). La infiltración básica (IB) se determinó en mayo de 2019, octubre de 2019, septiembre de 2020 y octubre 2021. También se determinó conductividad hidráulica, humedad del suelo y rendimiento de los cultivos (materia seca y grano). Los rendimientos relativos (RR) del maíz para silo (2019-2020) en D fue un 37% superior con respecto al T, CC aumentó un 108% respecto al T y la combinación entre la D CC arrojó un 132% más de producción respecto al T. Para el maíz con destino a grano (2020-2021), los RR también fueron positivos en relación al T. Los tratamientos D, CC y D+CC rindieron un 49, 15 y 68 % más, respecto al T, respectivamente, Para el cultivo de trigo (2021) los RR con respecto al T fueron de menor magnitud, (5, 0,1 y 19% para D, CC y D CC, respectivamente). Con respecto a IB relativa, en el tratamiento D disminuyó ampliamente a través del tiempo hasta los 540 días, a partir del cual la tasa se mantuvo relativamente constante hasta los 900 días. A los 540 y 900 días de pasado el descompactador los valores relativos de IB entre D y D CC fueron similares y superiores al T. CC, presentó los valores de IB más estables a través del tiempo. Estos resultados, dos años y medio desde que se inició la experiencia, permitieron cuantificar el efecto residual de la descompactación y el uso de CC sobre la captación y movimiento del agua en el perfil del suelo, así como en la producción de los cultivos. El tratamiento que permitiría incrementar la captación de agua de lluvia, incrementar el rendimiento de los cultivos y aumentar la EUA de forma más significativa sería la inclusión de una descompactación mecánica asociada a CC.
Índice de vulnerabilidad social frente a desastres en el Departamento Diamante (Entre Ríos). El caso del deslizamiento de suelo en la localidad de Diamante
Authors: Medrano Melissa Anabella
Published: June 2023

La localidad de Diamante (Entre Ríos) presenta áreas de importante inestabilidad de suelos, problemática que durante años ha afectado a un sector considerable de la población, por lo que se establece como una problemática de relevancia social. El índice de vulnerabilidad social frente a desastres (IVSD) se constituye como herramienta para el análisis de las condiciones socioestructurales que presentan los individuos desde un enfoque del riesgo como construcción social. Permite conocer las condiciones estructurales o de vida de la población afectada, a partir de ponderar los indicadores de tipo demográfico, laboral, educacional, habitacional y determinar para que sectores de la población la amenaza o peligrosidad, podrían convertirse en desastre. La aplicación del índice en el departamento Diamante permite evaluar los radios de interés de las tres localidades con mayor población, Diamante, Villa Libertador San Martin, General Ramírez y determinar qué características repercuten en mayor o menor medida en los niveles de vulnerabilidad de la población que reside en el área considerada de riesgo, atendiendo a que la problemática del deslizamiento de suelo sigue vigente.
¿Mejores o Iguales?
Authors: García Valverde Facundo
Published: June 2023

La democracia deliberativa surgió como una concepción de la legitimidad democrática que, contrariamente a la democracia agregativa, fuera sensible a las numerosas desigualdades que afectan los intercambios intersubjetivos entre ciudadanos y ofreciera alguna justificación para limitar que el poder social desigual se traslade al campo político. En un importante texto, “Democracia e Igualdad Política”, Graciela Vidiella especifica algunas condiciones de justicia social que deben cumplirse para que esta concepción honre su promesa. En este texto, intento mostrar - a través del problema de la tentación epistócrata y el problema del espacio deliberativo - que, si bien esas condiciones igualitarias tienen relevancia, el problema central del igualitarismo en la democracia deliberativa radica en la configuración de los espacios donde se produzcan los intercambios comunicativos.
Assessing and Mapping the Impact of Tourism and Changing Climatic Conditions in Himalayan Region of Pakistan
Authors: YASIN Asma , SHAHZAD Laila , HAYYAT Muhammad Umar , GHAFOOR Gul Zareen , SAEED Salar , SHARIF Faiza , RAIZ Umair , SALEEM Muhammad Bilal
Published: June 2023

Khaghan and Naran Valley of Pakistan are popular tourist mountainous region and face direct impacts of environmental degradation in past years. The current study aims to map the impacts of tourism on the local community and how it has affected the environmental settings. Mixed method approach was utilized including questionnaire survey; meteorological records, focused group interviews and mapping the land cover changes using satellite imagery. Meteorological data shows anomaly in rainfall patterns and extreme temperature which can be considered as climatic pressures on fragile environment. Spearman’s correlation showed that environmental degradation was linked with increased tourism activities in the region. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) shows an increasing trend of land degradation by the conversion of forested areas into settlements. Considering the significant magnitude of degradation over the last decade, appropriate and urgent actions are needed to address the growing demand of the tourism sector.
How Sophisticated is Green Banking in Poland and Romania? A Case Study of Bank Offers
Authors: SIEMIONEK-RUSKAŃ Małgorzata , FANEA-IVANOVICI Mina
Published: June 2023

The role of commercial banks in promoting sustainable development goals in Europe has gained ground recently. The momentum is also due to the Green Deal context. Their activity has shifted towards the achievement of such goals by getting involved in environmental projects or by raising awareness about sustainability. Their endeavors can also be directly reflected in the products and services they provide to the population and businesses. This is how commercial banks have taken up the role of educating the public towards sustainability and sustainable development goals. The aim of this paper is to investigate the green banking products and services of the largest five banks, by the number of clients, in Poland in Romania. A descriptive qualitative analysis is used to estimate the degree of sophistication of green banking products and services in the two countries.
Exploring Environmental Factors for the Sports Clusters Development
Authors: ABDRASSILOV Agybay , ORYNBASSAROVA Yerkenazym , TVARONAVICIENE Manuela
Published: June 2023

The development of a sports cluster is an important social task, the solution of which contributes not only to the balance of the local economy, but also to the involvement of the most progressive segments of the population in entrepreneurial activities, tending to a proper lifestyle and active leisure. The growth of entrepreneurial activity in this segment of the economy is determined by many factors, including the state policy for the development of sports and tourism. As a global industry, sport is a potentially significant contributor to climate change, both through carbon emissions and through its impact on sustainable development practices. The purpose of the study is to explore environmental factors influencing the development of the sports cluster in the Kazakhstan and further prospects for its development using forecasting and modelling methods. The environmental policy of the sports movement must be carried out within the broader framework of sustainable development. The environmental work of the sports movement is currently focused on the protection and management of resources and the natural environment in order to improve social and economic conditions. All this should be aimed at education on environmental issues and specific measures for its protection.
7 Bottoms towards an Ecotourism Icon: Environmental Communication Studies in Ecotourism Areas
Authors: HASMIRA Mira Hasti , BARLIAN Eri , FRINALDI Aldri , DEWATA Indang , FATIMAH Siti , PUTRA Aprizon
Published: June 2023

This paper describes the meaning and naming of the destinations that are passed to the icon of an ecotourism location. This interpretation aims to provide input to ecotourism guides about the messages they must convey when guiding ecotourists. The environmental components they encounter along the way are important materials that must be presented to eco-tourists. Communication must be seen not only as one of the supporting elements for environmental management but as an integral part of environmental management. As is the case in the management and development of ecotourism. The role of ecotourism guides is very important when guiding ecotourists. Ecotourism activities are communicative events and forms of experience on how to understand ecotourism itself.
Ethnic Identity, Self-esteem, and Academic Performance of Nigerian In-school Adolescents
Authors: Onivehu Adams Ogirima
Published: June 2023

The development of ethnic identification plays an integral role in the formation of the self among in-school adolescents, especially in Nigeria, which is largely a multicultural and multi-ethnic nation. Thus, the present study investigated the extent to which ethnic identity and self-esteem could predict academic performance among Nigerian in-school adolescents.
Methods: A total of 735 Nigerian in-school adolescents in public and private senior secondary schools in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria participated in the study. The independent variables (ethnic identity and self-esteem) were assessed using the Multi-Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSE) respectively. The data was subjected to frequency counts, percentage analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression.
Results: The results of this study showed that a majority of the respondents were identified as having a high level of ethnic identity and self-esteem. Furthermore, ethnic identity and self-esteem were significant predictors of academic performance.
Recommendations: Hence, it was recommended that the development of the self-identity and group-identity of Nigerian in-school adolescents should be facilitated through various psychosocial interventions.
Circle-Based Pedagogy in a Multiethnic Environment
Authors: Provisor Joe
Published: June 2023

As an experienced middle school teacher in the USA, Joe Provisor has worked for more than 30 years with students with a migrant background. In this article he discusses three resources which helped him and other teachers to deal with the complex educational issues of migrant students: Paulo Freire’s investigative circles, James Asher’s Total Physical Response, and ‘circles’ – all methods that value students’ inherent wisdom.
Stellenbeschreibungen nach Handbuch
Authors: Schleiwies Gerald
Published: June 2023

Die Überleitung von den bibliothekarischen Merkmalen zu den Verwaltungsmerkmalen im TVöD im Jahre 2017 und damit einhergehend einer möglichen Höhergruppierung wurde nicht in jeder Kommune vollzogen. Unter anderem fehlte es an Beschreibungen für Bibliotheksbeschäftigte. Im Jahre 2020 erschien Band 1 der Arbeitsvorgänge für Öffentliche Bibliotheken. In der Hansestadt Lübeck wurden fast alle Stellen mit diesem Handbuch neu beschrieben. Ein Erfahrungsbericht.
Is individual competition in translator training compatible with collaborative learning? The case of the MTIE Translation Award
Authors: Tallone Laura , Ribeiro Sandra , Albuquerque Alexandra
Published: June 2023

In past years, translation education has shifted from a “transmissionist approach” to the unchallenged use of collaborative learning, with extensive recourse to teamwork and Project-based Learning. Students are encouraged to develop their translation and interpersonal skills in collaborative environments, focusing on translation as a process. Throughout this process, mistakes are valued as learning opportunities, and no translated text is seen as an authoritative version to which all others are unfavourably compared. This approach is somewhat at odds with an increasingly competitive job market, in which translators must be capable of autonomous and individual work, and translation is mainly viewed and evaluated as a final product. Although translation workflows involve a growing amount of group effort, translators still need to work alone and take responsibility for their own versions and translation choices. In order to prepare students to become professional translators, the annual Technical and Scientific Translation Award aims not only to give winners visibility before potential employers but also to work as an opportunity for young translation students and graduates to put their skills to the test. This paper focuses on the translation competences activated by the contest, as defined by the Competence Framework produced by the European Masters in Translation Network. It also discusses the potential of this initiative as a motivational tool for translation students and graduates, concluding that individual contests counterbalance the predominance of collaborative activities in the classroom and are therefore a relevant complement to academic training.
Minimum Wage Effects on Job Attachment: A Gender Perspective
Authors: García-Morán Eva , Jiang Ming-Jin , Rachinger Heiko
Published: June 2023

We examine whether the effects of the introduction of a minimum wage on low-pay employment duration in Germany in 2015 are heterogeneous by gender. In order to disentangle the effects on women and men, we estimate a duration model with unobserved heterogeneity in which we allow gender differences and differences before and after the introduction of the minimum wage. We find that the reform does affect women and men differently, in particular, it mainly increases men’s job attachment. These gender differences in job attachment are the strongest for full-time employment. In consequence, although the minimum wage may have been set up as a gender-neutral instrument, in an indirect way, it affects women and men differently. We discuss different mechanisms that could account for our result and carry out several robustness checks.
Risk factors associated with third- and fourth-degree perineal lacerations in singleton vaginal deliveries: a comprehensive United States population analysis 2016–2020
Authors: Gobioff Samantha , Lenchner Erez , Gulersen Moti , Bar-El Liron , Grünebaum Amos , Chervenak Frank A. , Bornstein Eran
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Perineal lacerations are a common complication of vaginal birth, affecting approximately 85 % of patients. Third-and fourth-degree perineal lacerations (3/4PL) remain a significant cause of physical and emotional distress. We aimed to perform an extensive assessment of potential risk factors for 3/4PL based on a comprehensive and current US population database.

Methods

Retrospective population-based cohort analysis based on the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Natality Live Birth online database between 2016–2020. Baseline characteristics were compared between women with 3/4PL and without 3/4PL by using Pearson’s Chi-squared test with statistical significance set at p<0.05. Bonferroni correction was used to account for multiple comparisons. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between a variety of potential risk factors and the risk of 3/4P.

Results

Asians/Pacific Islanders had the highest risk of 3/4PL (2.6 %, aOR 1.74). Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia were associated with increased risk of 3/4PL (aOR 1.28 and 1.34, respectively), as were both pre-gestational and gestational diabetes (aOR 1.28 and 1.46, respectively). Chorioamnionitis was associated almost double the risk (aOR 1.86). Birth weight was a major risk factor (aOR 7.42 for greater than 4,000 g), as was nulliparity (aOR 9.89).

Conclusions

We identified several maternal, fetal, and pregnancy conditions that are associated with an increased risk for 3/4PL. As expected, nulliparity and increased birth weight were associated with the highest risk. Moreover, pregestational and gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, Asian/Pacific Islander race, and chorioamnionitis were identified as novel risk factors.
Comparison of three indirect methods for verification and validation of reference intervals at eight medical laboratories: a European multicenter study
Authors: Meyer Anne , Müller Robert , Hoffmann Markus , Skadberg Øyvind , Ladang Aurélie , Dieplinger Benjamin , Huf Wolfgang , Stankovic Sanja , Kapoula Georgia , Orth Matthias
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Indirect methods for the indirect estimation of reference intervals are increasingly being used, especially for validation of reference intervals, as they can be applied to routine patient data. In this study, we compare three statistically different indirect methods for the verification and validation of reference intervals in eight laboratories distributed throughout Europe.

Methods

The RefLim method is a fast and simple approach which calculates the reference intervals by extrapolating the theoretical 95 % of non-pathological values from the central linear part of a quantile-quantile plot. The Truncated Maximum Likelihood (TML) method estimates a smoothed kernel density function for the distribution of the mixed data, for which it is assumed that the ‘‘central’’ part of the distribution represents the healthy population. The refineR utilizes an inverse modelling approach. This algorithm identifies a model that best explains the observed data before transforming the data with the Box-Cox transformation.

Results

We show that the different indirect methods each have their advantages but can also lead to inaccurate or ambiguous results depending on the approximation of the mathematical model to real-world data. A combination of different methodologies can improve the informative value and thus the reliability of results.

Conclusions

Based on routine measurements of four enzymes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total amylase (AMY), cholinesterase (CHE) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in adult women and men, we demonstrate that some reference limits taken from the literature need to be adapted to the laboratory’s particular local and population characteristics.