bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SYNTACTIC TYPOLOGY OF MULTICOMPONENT VERBAL PHRASEO-COMBINATIONS OF THE GERMAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Kovyrshina E.O.
Published: June 2023

Statement of the problem. In the article on the material of the assembled corpus of phraseological units (in the amount of 1828 PU), obtained by the method of continuous sampling from German-language and bilingual dictionaries, multicomponent phraseological units with a phrase structure with the main word - a verb consisting of three or more components are selected and analyzed from the syntactic position. The method of literal translation determines the syntactic types that are actively used to create multicomponent verbal phraseological combinations (MCVPC), the specificity of syntactic is revealed. types of German PC and syntactic typology of the MCVPC of the German language is created. Results. Based on the material studied, eight syntactic types of MCVPC were distinguished. In the course of the study, using the method of quantitative analysis, the most frequency types of structural-syntactic schemes were established that actively form multicomponent verbal phrase combinations. Syntax type extraction of German MCVPC and their analysis made it possible to establish the specifics of the syntactic organization of the MCVPC of the German language. Conclusion. A syntactic typology of the MCVPC of the German language, one of the most numerous classes of multicomponent phraseological units with a diverse syntactic organization was created on the basis of the study. It is established that in the German language there are special syntactic structures of three or more word forms that are used to create multicomponent phrase combinations. The analysis of MCVPC revealed the specificity of German types with two verb components and highlighted the most productive, frequency (566PC) type of MCVPC with the structure of a complex phrase. The study of the syntactic types of other multicomponent phraseological units - non-verb types, phraseological units with a sentence structure will allow us to expand and deepen our knowledge of multicomponent phraseological units, which occupy a significant place in the phraseological system of the German language. Study of the structural-syntactic schemes types of the MCVPC and other multicomponent phraseological units, which are the concrete language embodiment of the structural model of the FS, opens up new prospects in the field of syntactic modeling of the German language.
IMAGE OF TOOLS IN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES)
Authors: Zhdanova T.A.
Published: June 2023

Statement of the problem. The article is devoted to the analysis of people's linguistic representation of mental images of the simplest tools to show that these technical primitives can be considered as components of people's knowledge of the surrounding reality and of themselves stored in the social memory of native speakers. Results. The paper examined the people's knowledge about the tools, presented in various written sources. The relationship between the relevance of the instrument in society and its vocabulary description is shown. The anthropocentricity of figurative reconsideration of tools is revealed. The functioning of this vocabulary in Russian and English is compared. Conclusion. Knowledge of tools includes information about their structure and the principle of working with them. This knowledge is so close and understandable to people that they are described in detail in various written sources. The way how the tools are objectified in lexicographic sources reflects how people perceive them. When tools are no longer used, the detail of their description in dictionaries decreases. The imaginative reconsideration of technical primitives is supported by the idea that a person creates them similar to himself. The opposite is also true. Subsequently, a man himself serves as a model for the tool description. The similarity of tools mental representations of English speakers is proved.
PERSONAL AND DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS AS LINGUISTIC MEANS OF MODELLING THE ADDRESSEE IN KATE FOX’S BOOK “WATCHING THE ENGLISH”
Authors: Vishnevskaya E.M. , Hajdu N.I.
Published: June 2023

Problem statement. The paper considers person deixis as linguistic means of modelling the addressee in Kate Fox’s book “Watching the English. The Hidden Rules of English Behaviour”. It tackles particular characteristics of linguistic and cultural situation that define the type of addressee. The paper features examples of person deixis and the author’s use of these linguistic means. It describes the semantic features and the ability of the pronouns to function as deictic markers which provide cohesion of the components in the speech act. The main objective in the study was to analyze the text from the pragmatic point of view, particularly the pronoun deixis and communicative tactics applied by the author. Results. The study revealed the dual nature of the addressee communicated by means of personal pronouns. In the text, the addressee is portrayed as a representative of either the author’s native culture or another culture. When talking to her compatriots, the author unites herself with the addressee by using the pronoun “we”. In other contexts, she takes the position of an observer by the foreign reader’s side and uses third-person pronouns. The study has also revealed that the author uses the indicative pronoun “that” as a way of enhancing the evaluativity in the text, while “this” has the same function in the text as the first-person pronouns. Conclusion. The results of the study suggest that the author uses a variety of deictic techniques to present her position, thus achieving the maximum involvement of the addressee in the narrative.
NUCLEUS-SATELLITE MODEL OF DISCOURSE IN RHETORICAL STRUCTURE THEORY
Authors: Filicheva O.S.
Published: June 2023

Statement of the problem. The article gives an explanation of the text generation and interpretation according to the Rhetorical structure theory (RST), developed by W. Mann and S. Thompson. This theory is based on structural and functional approaches in linguistics, which present the relations between the form and the content of a language unit as the structure of dependencies. The dependency of one language unit on another in the newly formed unity is understood as a function performed by the language unit in speech or discourse. RST provides as a model for analyzing semantic relations between nucleus (main) and satellite (dependent) discursive units that form the coherence of the text. Results. Different approaches to defining discourse and its structural components are described. The nucleus-satellite model of the discourse structure proposed by W. Mann and S. Thompson is analyzed. The authors of RST emphasize that the coherence of the text is based on rhetorical relations that connect the units of discourse and contribute to the adequate coding and decoding of information. The nucleus-satellite organization of discursive units distributes the addressee`s focus of text perception. The principles of graphic representation of rhetorical relations are revealed, as well as the principles of classification of asymmetrical and symmetrical, mononucleus and multinucleus rhetorical relations. Conclusion. Nuclearity and hierarchy are recognized as the leading ways of discourse structural organization in RST. Hierarchy can be traced not only in the semantic and intentional allocation of the nucleus, but also in the structural organization of rhetorical relations among discursive units. Thus, a nucleus-satellite model of discourse serves as an effective functional principle to generate and interpret texts, which used to solve various communication tasks.
TO THE PROBLEM OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS REFLECTION IN DICTIONARIES OF DIFFERENT TYPES
Authors: Grigoryeva E.M.
Published: June 2023

Statement of the problem. The article is devoted to a detailed analysis of the phraseological units of the English language of various thematic groups and the features of their registration in the English-English and English-Russian dictionaries and reference books. Features that distinguish phraseological units from free phrases are studied. More than that, the question of belonging proverbs to phraseological stock is studied. Then phraseological units selected by the continuous sampling method are classified according to different grounds, and a detailed analysis of the features of their reflection in the analyzed sources is carried out. Results. Phraseological units are classified into some categories according to the following criteria: function in communication, determined by their structural and semantic features and thematic division. Phraseological units-euphemisms related to several thematic groups, including death, curse words and pregnancy are studied. The characteristic features of microstructure organization of each individual source are described. Conclusion. The analysis of English phraseological units registration showed that this lexis is reflected in dictionaries in a proper way. Theoretical literature analysis shows justification of proverbs inclusion into phraseological stock as they are a part of national cultural heritage and are reproduced in speech in the basic form. Further, the author comes to a conclusion that dictionary type and addressee of the reference book determine features of microstructure organization and their components (definition, translation equivalent, illustrative example, grammar, stylistic, regional and etymological labels, graphic illustration).
EVOLUTION OF POLITICAL CORRECTNESS PHENOMENON IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE (ON MATERIAL OF PARALYMPIC VOCABULARY)
Authors: Martseva T.A. , Yu V.K. , Solodovnikova O.V. , Riabova E.S.
Published: June 2023

Formulation of the problem. The article looks into the changes in attitudes to political correctness in English linguistic culture, presently considered the dominant “global” culture. Russian linguistics offers a range of synonymous terms to nominate this phenomenon: communicative correctness, language tolerance, language ethics, etc. Results. The attitude to political correctness has evolved significantly since its appearance in English-speaking environment in the 1980s. It was initially viewed as the means of providing and securing tolerance and respect in the international multicultural and multilingual community. The turn of the 21stcentury showed ironic perception of political correctness caused by hypercorrectness and desire to conceal the controversial facts of the real life. However, tolerant attitude is crucial for such social categories as people with disabilities. The decision to analyze the Paralympic discourse in search for the examples of politically correct nominations is caused by the status of English language – the only official language of the Paralympic movement. International Paralympic Committee – the managing structure of the Paralympics and the intermediary between para-athletes and society also performs the function of the agent of language policy. This organization initiated linguistic experiments to search the appropriate nominations of para-sportspeople. Conclusion. The range of nominations demonstrates evolution from the lexemes with negative connotations, widely used up to the 1960s, extremely cautious nominations, spread in English throughout 1980s – 2000s to explicit lexical units used nowadays. Paralympic discourse has become the medium that stimulates emergence and practical evaluation of such nominations. It is also the platform for their further spread to be used as the nominations of all people with disabilities. Intralinguistic changes have influenced the mentality of English-speakers and their attitude to people with disabilities. This is an example of the propaganda performed by the International Paralympic Committee, which leads to the extralinguistic changes.
SPECIFICS OF TRANSLATION FROM THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE INTO RUSSIAN THE IT-SPHERE TERMINOLOGY
Authors: Fedorov V.A. , Nekhaeva O.G.
Published: June 2023

Statement of the problem. The main objective of this research is to show how the problems of transmitting terms in Russian are solved in the modern world of IT professionals. The article emphasizes that the IT-sphere is a special communication environment where various translation strategies are implemented. Analysis of the strategies used, their success or, conversely, possible incorrect application was the area of interest in the study of this issue. Results. The analysis of scientific and technical translations from English into Russian made by students, master students and postgraduates of the faculty of information technology and computer security (FITCS), as well as students of the program of additional professional education "Translator in the field of professional communication" allowed us to identify a number of difficulties that they face. As a result of comparing the original texts and translatnes, we suggest ways to transfer abbreviations, multi-component terminology combinations (MTC) and English IT terms into Russian language. For the practice of professional scientific and technical translation, tasks aimed at developing translation skills are offered. Conclusion. The formation of translation skills in the IT-sphere is associated with a number of difficulties, among which the lag of dictionaries and reference manuals from the modern realities of life comes to the fore, when the terminological language literally floods the professional life of information technology workers. Overcoming translation difficulties can be achieved through regular practice of completing tasks. An important role in achieving success is played by the cognitive abilities of the future specialist performing the translation.
FOMENTO DE LA AUTORREGULACIÓN DEL APRENDIZAJE A TRAVÉS DE UN PROGRAMA INCORPORADO AL CURRICULUM UNIVERSITARIO
Authors: Fraijo Figueroa José Alberto , Norzagaray Benítez Claudia Cecilia , González Lomelí Daniel , Ramírez Dorantes María Del Carmen , Tánori Quintana Jesús , Delgado Ramírez Zulema , Vera Noriega José Ángel
Published: June 2023

Las reformas curriculares por el cual atraviesan los programas educativos de las Instituciones de Educación Superior han establecido como uno de sus indicadores en el perfil de egreso de los estudiantes la capacidad para analizar, planificar y evaluar las acciones que permitan atender las demandas disciplinarias bajo el marco de formación de desarrollo competencias académicas y laborales en una perspectiva de un aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficacia de un programa instruccional que incorpore el uso de la rúbrica formativa y retroalimentación cuantitativa en los factores que conforman la dimensión autorregulación del aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios al elaborar un documento escrito en la modalidad de plataformas digitales. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, comparativo de causa-efecto de una cohorte con un diseño cuasi experimental con grupos intactos. Participaron 50 estudiantes del primer semestre, en las fases del pre y post evaluación se utilizó el instrumento Cuestionario de Motivación y Estrategias de Aprendizaje [CMEA] que evalúa autorregulación del aprendizaje. Las sesiones de intervención constaron de cuatro fases. Al comparar las puntuaciones del cuestionario entre ambos grupos se observan diferencias significativas en las dimensiones de la autorregulación y el desempeño de la tarea, siendo el grupo que trabajo con rúbrica el que tiene mejores calificaciones. Se presentan unas reflexiones sobre el uso de la rúbrica y la retroalimentación cuantitativa como acciones en la práctica docente.
ASOCIACIONES ENTRE GAUDIBILIDAD Y SUCEPTIBILIDAD AL REFUERZO INMEDIATO Y DEMORADO
Authors: Vázquez Arias Marlene , Blázquez Ferran Padrós
Published: June 2023

La susceptibilidad al refuerzo puede distinguirse entre (refuerzo) inmediato y demorado. Por otro lado, la gaudibilidad se concibe como el conjunto de moduladores que regulan el disfrute experimentado. No existen estudios previos que relacionen ambas variables. El objetivo del presente estudio fue estudiar la relación entre la gaudibilidad y sus factores y la Susceptibilidad al Refuerzo Inmediato y Demorado y factores. Para ello, se administró a través de la plataforma Google Forms®, la Escala de Gaudibilidad para Adultos de Morelia (EGAM) y la Escala de Susceptibilidad al Refuerzo Inmediato y Demorado (ESRID) a una muestra de 314 participantes mayores de 18 años. El factor “Bienestar por Refuerzo” mostró correlaciones bajas y positivas con los factores: interés, risa e imaginación y con la puntuación total de la EGAM. Por otra parte, el factor “Malestar por no refuerzo”, obtuvo correlaciones bajas y negativas con todos los factores exceptuando los factores imaginación y risa. Finalmente, con el factor “Tendencia al esfuerzo”, se observaron correlaciones positivas bajas con casi todos los factores, pero moderada con el factor “interés” y la escala total. Se concluye que la tendencia al esfuerzo que alude claramente a la susceptibilidad al refuerzo demorado se relaciona positivamente con la gaudibilidad.
EVIDENCIA DE VALIDEZ Y CONFIABILIDAD/PRECISIÓN DE LA ESCALA: ESTILO IDENTITARIO DE INTEGRIDAD EN EL ADULTO MAYOR (IAM)
Authors: Vera Esqueda Lizbeth , Zanatta Colín Martha Elizabeth , Moysén Chimal Alejandra , González Arratia López Fuentes Norma Ivonne
Published: June 2023

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue diseñar y obtener evidencia de validez y confiabilidad/ precisión de la escala: estilo identitario de Integridad en el Adulto Mayor (IAM) sustentado en la Teoría de Erikson. Se realizó un estudio instrumental, participaron 294 personas para el Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE) y 313 en el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC). Los resultados del AFE muestran que la escala IAM se conformó por tres factores (Aceptación de sí, Confianza en sí y nosotros, Convicción del propio estilo y forma de vida), σ2=31.669. En el AFC, el modelo obtenido confirmo la estructura de análisis factorial exploratorio. La confiabilidad/precisión muestra un alfa de F1=.734, F2=.703 y F3=.620; omega F1=.738, F2=.709 y F3=.632. La escala reportó evidencia de confiabilidad/precisión y validez sustentada en la consistencia interna, se muestra un acercamiento importante al constructo, sin embargo, se recomienda continuar con estudios en contextos diferentes que aporten evidencias de sus propiedades psicométricas.
RELACIONES, DIFERENCIAS E INFLUENCIA DE LA PROCASTINACIÓN ACADÉMICA Y EL ESTRÉS ACADÉMICO
Authors: Martell Muñoz Juan , Mora Romo José Fernando , De la Cueva Diego Cabral , Hurtado Ramírez Alejandra , Santos Ramos Mónica
Published: June 2023

Se investigó en una población universitaria la relación, diferencias e influencia entre procrastinación académica y el estrés académico, incluyendo en este último, factores como estresores, síntomas y estrategias de afrontamiento. Por su parte, la procrastinación académica se consideró como la tendencia a dejar de dejar de hacer actividades académicas que ya deberían estar hechas en su momento. Para esto, se realizaron pruebas de correlación (correlación de Pearson) y de diferencias (t-Student para muestras independientes y ANOVA), así como modelos de regresión lineal. Los resultados muestran que las mujeres presentan mayor estrés, así como en aquellas personas con muy pocos, o muchos, ingresos económicos; se encontraron correlaciones entre procrastinación y los distintos factores del estrés, exceptuando a las estrategias de afrontamiento. Por último, debido a los modelos de regresión elaborados, se plantea que estrategias orientadas a la prevención de la procrastinación y el estrés académico pudieran aminorar los síntomas aversivos provocados por el estrés académico.
GRAMAFIL APP BILANG INTERBENSYON SA PAGPAPAUNLAD
NG KAKAYAHANG PANGGRAMATIKA NG MGA MAG-AARAL SA IKASAMPUNG BAITANG
Authors: Adela P. Sacay
Published: June 2023

Isa sa tuon ng kasalukuyang kurikulum ay ang malinang ang kakayahang panggramatika ng mga mag-aaral. Pokus ng pag-aaral na ito ang mga kompetensing panggramatika sa unang markahan na kabilang sa Most Essential Learning Competencies o MELCs. Mahalaga ang pagsipat sa kakayahang panggramatika ng mga mag-aaral upang matugunan ang anumang gap at makabuo ng angkop na dulog upang maiangat ang kakayahang panggramatika ng mga mag-aaral. Ang pagkatuto sa gramatika ng mga mag-aaral ay kapaki-pakinabang upang lalo pa nilang mapaunlad ang pagsulat at pagsasalita tungo sa mahusay na kakayahang komunikatibo. Nilayon ng pag-aaral na ito na tukuyin ang antas ng kakayahang panggramatika ng mga mag-aaral sa ikasampung baitang, nailarawan ang antas ng kakayahan ng mga mag-aaral sa bawat kompetensi, Matukoy ang bisa ng GramaFil App sa pagpapaunlad ng kakayahang panggramatika ng mga mag-aaral sa ikasampung baitang at kung may makabuluhan bang pagkakaiiba sa kakayahang panggramatika ng mga mag-aaral bago at pagkatapos gamitin ang GramaFil App. Gumamit ng deskriptibong pamamaraan sa pag-aaral na ito. Batay sa resulta ng isinagawang pag-aaral natuklasan na sa kabuuan, umangat mula sa katamtaman tungo sa mataas na antas ang antas ng kakayahang panggramatika ng mga mag-aaral gamit ang GramaFil App. Nagpapatunay ito na mas ganap na nauuwaan ng mga mag-aaral ang aralin sa gramatika gamit ang GramaFil App, Samantalang ang kompetensi namang may mababang antas ay umangat sa mataas na antas. Kaugnay nito, upang lalo pang mapaunlad ang akademikong pagganap ng mga mag-aaral sa asignaturang Filipino, inirerekomenda ng mananaliksik na ipagpatuloy ang paggamit ng GramaFil App hindi lamang bilang interbensyon kundi bilang kagamitang pampagtuturo sa Filipino.
PEMAHAMAN ISLAMIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP VALUES SEBAGAI MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN USAHA PASCA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Dina Nur Majdina , Jalaludin Engga
Published: June 2023

Understanding Islamic entrepreneurship is very important to build a community entrepreneurial spirit that is oriented towards worldly and spiritual benefits. Then Islamic principles should be realized, so that entrepreneurship becomes an interesting topic of study that can minimize life's problems, especially economic problems. Through a study with a qualitative approach, this study aims to describe understanding of Islamic entrepreneurship as an attempt to arouse the spirit of entrepreneurship, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic through an overview of the surat Quraisy. The method used in this research is library research or literature review, which collects data from the literature and other sources that support and are related to the discussion in this study. The results of the discussion in this study entrepreneurship is an ideal alternative to the economic crisis, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic, where many businesses have experienced a decline. Islam makes entrepreneurship part of worship, therefore it is important to understand Islamic entrepreneurship in a Muslim so that it is able to bring prosperity to the poor and is worth blessing according to the directions in the surat Quraisy. This research is limited to a qualitative approach through literature review which can be redeveloped with another approach using data analysis methods in case studies, considering the many contemporary economic cases that can be used as research material.
Walimah dalam Perspektif Hadis: Telaah Kritis Hadis Koleksi Abu Dawud Nomor Indeks: 3742
Authors: Anas Mohamad
Published: June 2023

Bentuk syukur yang diekspresikan oleh manusia akan berbeda-beda dengan berbagai kenikmatan yang diperolehnya, ada yang hanya mengucapkan hamdalah, ada yang bereksperi dengan sujud syukur, ada juga berbentuk “syukuran” acara makan-makan. Ditemukan pada kalangan masyarakat sekitar mengadakan “syukuran” identik dengan jamuan makanan, acara makan-makan dalam rangka bersyukur ini dikenal dengan nama acara walimah, prakteknya terkadang menyelengaran dengan besar-besaran, menyelengaran dengan glamor bahkan mengundang dengan jumlah kuantitas di atas rata-rata. Kiranya dipandang perlu ketika praktik pada masyarakat ditinjau ulang dengan merujuk pada praktek keagamaan, praktek rasul dan sahabatnya dalam rangka acara walimah, oleh sebab itu telaah kritis akan hadis walimah dilakukan oleh peneliti agar dapat memahami secara update pada saat Rasul dan sahabatnya dengan masyarakat kekiniaan, menjawab permasalahan tersebut yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah, 1) Bagaimana nilai hadis tentang makanan walimah dalam sunan Abu Dawud 2) Bagaimana sikap yang dianjurkan oleh Nabi dalam menyikapi undangan walimah.
Penelitian ini berbasis data kepustakaan dengan meneliti kualitas data yang ada serta melakukan pendekatan historis untuk melihat variabel terkait yang mewarnai dan mempegaruhi pemaknaan hadis dengan mengkaitkan kontekstualitas masyarakat saat ini. Peneliti menemukan, 1) Hadis yang mula-mula berstatus mursal sahabi, menjadi marfu' dengan ditemukan mutabi' lain dari jalur Muslim sehingga dapat diberlakukan setara dengan hadis marfu' itu sendiri, sedangkan kualitas sanadnya berstatus sahih. Kandungan matan tidak ditemukan unsur shad dan 'illat, sehingga hadisnya tetap berkualitas sahih dan dapat dipakai sebagai hujjah. Kondisi sanad dan matan yang sahih menunjukkan keberadaan hadis ini maqbul sebagai hujjah dan ma'mulun bihi. 2) Ketika mengadakan acara walimah disesuaikan dengan kondisi penyelenggara walimah, sebagai penghapus sikap diskriminatif antar golongan berada dengan golongan tidak ada, ta'aruf (saling kenal) antar warga sehingga interaksi sosial semakin solid, mempererat tali silaturrahim atau kerukunan bertetangga yang akhirnya menunjukkan tumbuh berkembangnya kekuatan sosial islami dan stabilitas sosial antar keluarga, warga dan teman seprofesi tetap terjaga.
Development Trends of the Market of Agricultural Lending to Households in Ukraine: Analysis of Consumer and Mortgage Loans
Authors: Andros Svitlana , Gerasymchuk Vasyl
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the article is to assess the conditions and identify the features of the market for consumer and mortgage lending to households based on the economic and statistical analysis of the data panel. The instrumental and methodological apparatus of the article compiled general scientific principles and approaches to economic analysis: Scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, grouping, typology, comparison, qualitative and quantitative expert assessments; logical and contextual methods of processing theoretical material, as well as the method of economic and statistical comparisons. The article analyzes the dynamics of consumer and mortgage loans for households in Ukraine from 2007 to 2023, and highlights their socio-economic significance. The main problems in the field of consumer lending are formulated, the resolution of which is necessary for the intensive agricultural activity of households. It has been established that, despite the accumulation of certain experiences in the banking sector, the mortgage lending market has not become massive today. It is concluded that the reasons for this situation are the difficulty in the practical application of legislative regulations aimed at protecting the interests of creditors; high level of interest rates; low level of real income of households and, consequently, low effective demand for mortgage loans; the impossibility of mass provision of long-term mortgage loans due to high risk (interest, credit, legislative); almost complete exclusion of the state from participation in the formation of a civilized market for housing mortgage lending. The prerequisites for the further development of consumer and mortgage lending to households in Ukraine are formulated. The prospects for development and the main directions for improving consumer and mortgage lending to households are determined.
Use of lamella clarifiers for juice and syrup clarification at a direct-white cane-sugar plant
Authors: Narendranath Mullapudi , Silva Tito Arles
Published: June 2023

The Andhra Sugars Ltd. has been working on improving the clarification process. A conventional Graver HRT (high retention time) clarifier with a retention time of 150 min at the Tanuku sugar plant was replaced by an SRI-NG (short retention time) SRT clarifier with a residence time of 45 min. A Louisiana Low Turbulence (LLT) SRT clarifier with a residence time of 37 min was then installed on a pilot scale at the Taduvai sugar plant and successfully ran parallel to an existing Graver clarifier. In the off crop, the Graver clarifier was modified to an LLT clarifier. Lamella plate clarifiers are successfully used for many applications, and The Andhra Sugars Ltd. tried lamella clarifiers for juice and syrup clarification during the 2019/20 season. A lamella clarifier with a juice retention time of 7 min was built and used at the Taduvai sugar plant. Based on the encouraging results of the lamella juice clarifier, a lamella syrup clarifier with a syrup retention time of 9 min was installed and operated. The performance of the lamella juice and syrup clarifiers over three consecutive seasons is described. Product quality from the lamella clarifiers was as good as or better than that obtained from conventional clarifiers. The clarifiers operated with significantly lower residence times, with beneficial implications for sugar losses and heat losses. The lamella clarifiers have considerably higher surface loadings than other clarifiers, and their compact size results in much reduced capital costs.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN POP UP BOOK MATERI KEADAAN CUACA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA KELAS III SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Wibowo Andi
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana mengembangkan media Pop Up Book pada materi keadaan cuaca untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa kelas III SD dan untuk mengetahui keefektifan produk Pop Up Book pada materi keadaan cuaca untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa kelas III SD. Penggunaan media pembelajaran memberikan pembelajaran yang efektif dan menumbuhkan minat belajar siswa.Pada penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development). Model penelitian yang dikembangkan adalah model pengembangan 4-D. Model pengembangan ini dimodifikasi dari model pengembangan perangkat yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagrajan, Semmel dan Semmel (1974: 5). Model ini menggunakan 4 tahapan, yaitu Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas III SD. Uji coba terbatas dengan 6 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skor postes dan pretes minat belajar yang diperoleh 94% dapat dinyatakan sangat baik. Hasil pretest dan postes respon siswa terhadap produk respon siswa 92% dapat dikategorikan sangat baik. Minat siswa terlihat setelah menggunakan media dengan ditunjukkan sikap antusiasme, perasaan senang, memahami pelajaran, dan bersemangat dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran.
PENGARUH BAHAN AJAR MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP AKTIVITAS DAN PEMAHAMAN SISWA TERHADAP MATERI AJAR DI KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Marcelina Lina , Desyandri
Published: June 2023

This research is motivated by the activity and understanding of fifth grade students at SDN 57 Anak Air Kumayan, Lubuk Basung District, which is still low. It can be seen that many students are less enthusiastic in learning. This research was conducted on class students at SDN 57 Anak Air Kumayan, Lubuk Basung District, for the 2022/2023 academic year. The experimental research design used is the randomized control group only design. Students' understanding for the significance level α = 0.05 and dk = 38 obtained a Tcount of -1.385, while Ttable = 2.0244. It can be concluded that Ho is accepted because tcount < ttable. Thus it can be concluded that there is no significant difference in students' initial understanding before being treated in the experimental class and the control class. Furthermore, based on the results of the t test on the posttest results shown in the table, the tcount is 3.418, while ttable = 2.0244. It can be concluded that H1 is accepted because tcount > ttable. Thus it can be concluded that there are differences in students' understanding after being taught with teaching materials with the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in the experimental class and student learning outcomes taught with conventional learning in the control class
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DENGAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI INDONESIA KAYA BUDAYA DI KELAS IV SDN TANAH TINGGI 09 JAKARTA PUSAT
Authors: Ajeng Ayu Lestari Dinda , Sagita Julius , Trismawanti Indah
Published: June 2023

This study aims to increase the learning activity of fourth grade students at SDN Tanah Tinggi 09 Jakarta with a total of 24 children consisting of 8 male students and 16 female students through the Problem Based Learning model in the Natural Sciences subject on Indonesia Rich Culture by describing activities learning carried out by students and teachers. The research method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) or Classroom Action Research. The achievement of this research was obtained from the results of observations using research instruments in the form of observation sheets of students' and teachers' activities. Based on the results of observations by doing it for 2 cycles, the research shows that the learning activity of students has increased after learning using the Problem Based Learning model in science learning. The increase can be seen from the completeness of the activities of students and teachers, where teacher activity in cycle I was 76.5%, then in cycle II it increased to 84%. Student activity in cycle I was 72%, then increased in cycle II by 83%. From the observational data obtained where in the learning process activities focus more on the teacher. After the improvement, students look very active during the learning process.
PENINGKATAN KEAFTIFAN BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS 4 DI SDN 096 SARIJADI SELATAN
Authors: Hidayat Ega , Hamdu Ghullam , Riyanti Eva
Published: June 2023

Student active learning is all forms of activities carried out by students during the learning process involving cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. The active learning of these students will affect the learning outcomes to be achieved. However, the active learning of students, in general, is still low. Therefore, the researcher chose the PBL learning model to overcome this problem, which is based on the literature studies that have been conducted. In addition to students getting hands-on experience, teachers can also find out students' level of active learning. The PBL learning model aims to increase student learning activity. The formulation of the problem in this study, in general, is how to increase students' active learning through the PBL model in elementary schools, while the purpose of this research is to describe the increase in student learning activeness through the PBL model in elementary schools. The research was conducted at SD Negeri 096 Sarijadi Selatan Bandung City using Classroom Action Research (PTK), which comprised 68% of the first cycle and 96% of the second cycle; there was an increase involving fourth-grade students as research subjects. Data collection techniques used are observation and questionnaires. Based on the data obtained and the findings, it was concluded that elementary school students learning activeness increased after learning using the PBL model
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARING (PBL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAAR SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI SDN 195 ISOLA
Authors: Abdillah Robby , Kurniasih  , Saripah Ningsih Resti
Published: June 2023

This research aims to improve the learning outcomes of class IV-A SDN 195 ISOLA in Mathematics through the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in 3 cycles with 3 hours of study for each cycle. Each cycle consists of several stages, namely planning, implementation of action, observation and reflection. The first cycle was carried out to discuss and see the initial abilities of students. The subjects in this study were students of class IV-A at SDN 195 ISOLA consisting of 28 students. The main techniques in data collection were carried out by means of tests and observations, while the supporting techniques used interviews and documentation. The results showed that the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model could improve student learning outcomes in class IV-A starting from the pre-action Cycle 1, Cycle I and Cycle III, which was 67.65 in Cycle I, increasing to 75.65 in Cycle II. and again increased to 80.86 in cycle III. The conclusion of this study is that the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model can improve the mathematics learning outcomes of class IV-A students.
PERAN GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI MIM 06 TEBLURU
Authors: Muhilal Afif , Masub Bakhtiar Afakhrul
Published: June 2023

One of the compulsory subjects in Muhammadiyah schools is Arabic. However, in reality, many students are less interested in learning Arabic. Therefore, it is necessary to have the teacher's role in increasing students' interest in Arabic subjects. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. This method was chosen based on the nature of the data in the form of events, opinions and sentences with the efforts of observation, interviews and documentation. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that Arabic teachers have a separate role in increasing the number of students. interest in learning shows this role in the form of a teacher, mentor and motivator. The functions of these three roles help increase students' interest in learning Arabic at MIM 06 Tebluru.
Androgen receptor (AR) expression in different Gleason scores of prostatic adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry
Authors: Fatima Ghazia , . Abeer , Babar Kanwal , Imran Muhammad , Iqbal Junaid , Tariq Tuba
Published: June 2023

Background: Prostatic cancer is highly ominous in men and survives hormonal insufficiency. We studied Androgen Receptor (AR) expression in various Gleason scores (GS) of prostatic adenocarcinoma by using immunohistochemistry.

Materials and methods: This descriptive analytical study was carried out at King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore in 2016. Slides were prepared from 60 paraffin blocks of prostatic adenocarcinoma and stained for evaluation of different parameters like Gleason score (GS), histopathological grades (well differentiated, intermediate or high grade) and AR immunohistochemistry score. Data entry and analysis was carried out using SPSS version 22. The relationship between different parameters was determined by Pearson chi-square test. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Out of 60 cases, 15 (25%) had intermediate and 45 (75%) had high grade tumors. AR was positive in 59 (98.33%) cases. Among the positive cases, 5 (8.33%) had +1 score, 25 (41.67%) has +2 and 29 (48.33%) had +3 score. A significant association of AR expression with GS and histological grades was found.

Conclusion: AR positivity is significantly associated with Gleason Score and histological grading of prostate adenocarcinoma, hence it may prove a useful diagnostic and prognostic marker for carcinoma prostate.
Investigation of the second harmonic amplitudes of a ship's non-linear motion in regular waves in shallow water
Authors: Семенова В.Ю. , Альбаев Д.А.
Published: June 2023

В статье рассматривается определение нелинейных сил второго порядка и соответствующих амплитуд вторых гармоник различных видов качки на основании применения трехмерной потенциальной теории. Выполнено сравнение расчетов амплитудно-частотных характеристик второго порядка с расчетами по двумерному методу. Показано хорошее согласование результатов между собой в большинстве случаев. Проведено исследование влияния изменения относительной глубины на амплитуды второго порядка и на суммарные амплитуды качки. Показано их значительное увеличение в зоне низких частот при уменьшении относительной глубины. Приведены результаты расчетов амплитуд вторых гармоник на различных курсовых углах. Показано, что наибольшие амплитуды вторых гармоник поперечных видов качки имеют место при расположении судна лагом, продольных – на косых углах или на встречном волнении. Проведено исследование влияния скорости хода на амплитуды вторых гармоник в условиях мелководья. Показано значительное снижение амплитуд бортовой качки в зоне супергармонического резонанса при увеличении скорости хода.

The article considers the definition of second-order nonlinear forces and the corresponding amplitudes of the second harmonics of various types of ship's motions based on the application of three-dimensional potential theory. The calculations of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the second order are compared with the calculations by the two-dimensional method. In most cases, there was good agreement between the results. A study was made of the influence of a change in relative depth on the amplitudes of the second order and on the total amplitudes of motions. Their significant increase in the low-frequency zone with decreasing relative depth is shown. The results of calculations of the amplitudes of the second harmonics at different heading angles are presented. It is shown that the largest amplitudes of the second harmonics of the transverse types of ship's motions occur when the ship is in beam waves, and longitudinal motions occur at oblique angles or in head waves. A study was made of the influence of ship velocity on the amplitudes of the second harmonics in shallow water conditions. A significant decrease in the roll amplitudes in the superharmonic resonance zone with an increase in velocity is shown.
The experimental research dependence of the potential of shipbuilding steels on the conditions marine environment
Authors: Крамарь В.А. , Шацких О.Н. , Родькина А.В. , Иванова О.А. , Душко В.Р.
Published: June 2023

Выполнен анализ существующих методов исследования металлов в морской воде, включающий патентный поиск. Для проведения потенциостатических исследований зависимости потенциала судостроительных сталей от условий морской среды разработан комплекс для исследования электрохимического потенциала поверхностного слоя стали в условиях непрерывного погружения в модельный раствор морской воды и в районе переменной ватерлинии при катодной поляризации. Результаты эксперимента, проведенного с помощью разработанного комплекса, показали стабильность значения потенциала судостроительной стали вне зависимости от условий проведения опыта – в модельном растворе или во влажной среде с использованием пиафлора. Авторами были предложены основные технологические аспекты экспериментального исследования зависимости потенциала судостроительных сталей при катодной поляризации от различных условий морской среды (постоянное погружение, район переменной ватерлинии).

An analysis of existing methods for researching metals in seawater was carried out, including a patent search. To conduct potentiostatic researches of the dependence of the potential of shipbuilding steels on the conditions of the marine environment, a complex was developed to study the electrochemical potential of the steel surface layer under conditions of continuous immersion in a model solution of seawater and in the area of the variable waterline during cathodic polarization. The results of the experiment conducted using the developed complex showed the stability of the value of the potential of shipbuilding steel regardless of the conditions of the experiment - in a model solution or in a humid environment using a piaflor. The authors proposed the main provisions of the methodology for researching the dependence of the shipbuilding steels potential under cathodic polarization on various conditions of the marine environment (constant immersion, variable waterline area).
Speed coefficient of nozzle apparatuses of gas axial microturbines
Authors: Арестов О.В. , Цыганкова Л.П. , Глушко Е.В. , Морозова Н.Т.
Published: June 2023

Статья посвящена решению одной из важных задач прикладной газовой динамики – повышению энергетической эффективности сопловых аппаратов, в которых сопла установлены под углами менее 9° (а именно от 5 до 9°) для увеличения дуги подвода газа к лопаткам рабочего колеса. Качество преобразования энергии в сопловых аппаратах (особенно при сверхкритических разностях энтальпии) оказывает решающее влияние на уровень КПД турбины в целом, именно поэтому целью настоящей работы стал поиск возможности увеличить коэффициент скорости сопловых аппаратов (отношение фактической скорости потока при выходе последнего из сопел к максимально возможной – теоретической скорости). Работа опирается на возможности математического моделирования газодинамических процессов, исходные данные – результаты физического эксперимента. Исследуемая функциональная зависимость приведена в виде формализованной математической регрессионной модели коэффициента скорости соплового аппарата как функции от следующих факторов: степень расширения сопла (отношение площадей – выходной к критической); угол установки сопел; угол выполнения входных кромок лопаток рабочего колеса; число Маха, вычисленное по теоретическим параметрам; приведенная окружная скорость. Такое представление результатов позволяет проводить численный анализ и физическую интерпретацию комплексной оценки влияния на коэффициент скорости сопловых аппаратов в зависимости от изучаемых факторов и выполнять оптимизационные расчеты.

The paper is devoted to solving one of the important problems of applied gas dynamics to increase the energy efficiency of nozzle apparatuses with nozzles installed at angles less than 9° (namely from 5° to 9°) to increase the gas supply arc to the impeller blades. Given the decisive importance on the efficiency of turbines, the quality of energy conversion in nozzle apparatuses (especially at supercritical differences in enthalpy), the work is aimed at obtaining the possibility of increasing the nozzle apparatus speed factor (the ratio of the actual flow velocity at the last exit from nozzles to the maximum possible – theoretical speed). The work is based on the possibilities of mathematical modeling of gasdynamic processes, the initial data for which are the results of physical experiment. The investigated dependences are given in the form of formalized mathematical regression model of nozzle velocity coefficient type function depending on the following factors – nozzle expansion degree (ratio of areas – outlet to critical); nozzle installation angle; angle of inlet edges of impeller blades; Mach number, calculated from theoretical parameters; dimensionless circumferential velocity. Such presentation of the results allows numerical analysis and physical interpretation of the complex evaluation of the effect of the studied factors on the coefficient of velocity, and to carry out optimization calculations.