bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic nanocluster arrays to a diminished zone: different regimes of surface deposition of gold nanocolloids
Authors: Khawas Sanjoy , Srivastava Sunita
Published: April 2023

Surface morphology of anisotropic nanocolloids follows the evaporation mode of the drying droplet and exhibits non-ubiquitous structural transitions at varying nanoparticle concentrations.
Adsorption of sulfate ions from water by CaCl2-modified biochar derived from kelp
Authors: Tian Bingbing , Song Yalong , Wang Rubin , Wang Yi , Wang Tianyang , Chu Jinhui , Qiao Zhu , Li Min , Lu Jianjiang , Tong Yanbin
Published: April 2023

In order to prevent the slow degradation of pristine water ecosystems caused by increasing SO42− in natural water bodies (lakes and rivers), innovative and cost-effective remediation techniques are urgently required.
Natural polymer derived hydrogel bioink with enhanced thixotropy improves printability and cellular preservation in 3D bioprinting
Authors: Cui Rongwei , Li Sumei , Li Taiyi , Gou Xue , Jing Tao , Zhang Guowei , Wei Guihua , Jin Zhongmin , Xiong Xiong , Qu Shuxin
Published: April 2023

Thixotropy-by-design bioink benefits enhancing printability and cell viability in 3D bioprinting.
Multi-dimensional dynamic fluorescence readout from laser engineered In2O3 nanowire micropatterns
Authors: Poh Eng Tuan , Tan Yung Zhen , Neo Justin Boon Shuan , Ong Chee How , Saroni Azianty , Zhang Zheng , Li Jianhui , Goh Boon Tong , Sow Chorng Haur
Published: April 2023

A laser-irradiated array of In2O3 nanowires presents yellow and blue fluorescence states that can be dynamically altered under UV light for anti-counterfeiting features based upon microscale patterning, color evolution and time-domain encoding.
Electric-field-induced non-ergodic relaxor to ferroelectric transition in BiFeO3–xSrTiO3 ceramics
Authors: Oliveira Leonardo , Ormstrup Jeppe , Majkut Marta , Makarovic Maja , Rojac Tadej , Walker Julian , Simons Hugh
Published: April 2023

The increase in ergodicity in BFO–xSTO is correlated with a weak ferroelectric response. The increased disorder induces a non-ergodic ground state, preventing the classic ferroelectric crossover.
Stable nitrogen-centered radicals with anti-Kasha emission
Authors: Gao Shengxiang , Ding Junshuai , Yu Shilong , Li Feng
Published: April 2023

Luminescent radicals with anti-Kasha emission have the potential to extend the spectral range of luminescent radicals to the short wavelength region.
Fabrication of polyvinyl pyrrolidone-K90/Eudragit RL100-based dissolving microneedle patches loaded with alpha-arbutin and resveratrol for skin depigmentation
Authors: Aung Nway Nway , Pengnam Supusson , Ngawhirunpat Tanasait , Rojanarata Theerasak , Patrojanasophon Prasopchai , Opanasopit Praneet , Pamornpathomkul Boonnada
Published: April 2023

DMN patches loaded with AA and Res: fabricated from biodegradable polymer blends in order to inhibit melanin production.
Hepatocyte-targeted delivery using oleanolic acid-loaded liposomes for enhanced hepatocellular carcinoma therapy
Authors: Wei Xinbo , Yang Depeng , Xing Zheng , Cai Jialing , Wang Li , Zhao Chen , Wei Xinran , Jiang Meiyi , Sun Handi , Zhou Lu , Fan Yubo , Nie Huan , Liu Haifeng
Published: April 2023

Galactosylated chitosan-coated liposome improved the therapeutic efficacy of oleanolic acid for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma through hepatocyte-targeted delivery, as demonstrated by using an axillary tumor xenograft mouse model.
Understanding the structure of isolated iridium sites anchored on a covalent triazine framework
Authors: Sackers Nina M. , Iemhoff Andree , Sautet Philippe , Palkovits Regina
Published: April 2023

As a showcase for experimentally accessible single-site catalysts, well-defined and characterized isolated Ir sites anchored on a covalent triazine framework (CTF) were investigated with computational methods.
Insights into the mechanism of carboxylic acid hydrogenation into alcohols at the MnO/Cu (111) interface: a combined DFT and kinetic study
Authors: Du Jingbo , Chen Yifei , Wang Lingtao , Zhang Minhua
Published: April 2023

Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) process of carboxylic acids (CAs) is a promising way to utilize biomass resources and refine high-grade fuels.
Photocatalytic activity towards antibiotic degradation and H2 evolution by development of a Z-scheme heterojunction constructed from 1T/2H-MoS2 nanoflowers embellished on BCN nanosheets
Authors: Das Sarmistha , Acharya Lopamudra , Biswal Lijarani , Mishra Bhagyashree Priyadarshini , Parida Kulamani
Published: April 2023

The current work includes the study of metallic 1T phase mediated 1T/2H-MoS2@BCN Z-scheme heterojunction towards augmented photocatalytic H2 evolution and TCH degradation.
Highly sensitive detection and quantification of dissolved free extracellular DNA using colloid adsorption and foam concentration
Authors: Tamai Soichiro , Ogura Yoshitoshi , Okuno Miki , Nukazawa Kei , Suzuki Yoshihiro
Published: April 2023

We demonstrated a new method for recovering dissolved free extracellular DNA (exDNA) from wastewater. This method could rapidly recover exDNA from a large volume of water.
Nitrogen doped and carbon coated CoP hollow nanospheres with enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Wang Xiangwei , Zhai Yunyun , Liu Haiqing
Published: April 2023

CoP@NC HNS manifest superior electrocatalytic oxygen evolution performance with low overpotential (320 mV, 10 mA cm−2), small Tafel slope (68 mV dec−1), and remarkable stability in alkaline electrolyte.
Carbon dots/silica nanoaggregates for highly efficient adsorption of alizarin red S and malachite green dyes
Authors: Li Xiao-Yu , Wang Wei-Rong , Xue Rong-Chao , Chen Pei-Yao , Wang Yong , Yu Li-Ping
Published: April 2023

A carbon dots/silica nanoaggregate adsorbent exhibits ultrahigh adsorption capability for Alizarin Red S (1327 mg g−1) and malachite green (4091 mg g−1).
Introduction to volatile natural products
Authors: Schulz Stefan
Published: April 2023

Guest editor Stefan Schulz introduces this Natural Products Reports themed issue summarizing recent progress in volatile natural products.
In situ study of wet chemical etching of ZnO nanowires with different diameters and polar surfaces by LCTEM
Authors: Tian Jiamin , Sun Mei , Hong Mengyu , Yu Bocheng , Li Menglan , Geng Yu , Li Shuo , Zhang Yue , Li Zhihong , Chen Qing
Published: April 2023

Etching behaviors are affected by different polarities at the two ends of ZnO nanowires in the 〈0001〉 axial direction.
Efficient capture of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) with citrate-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: González-Martínez David A. , González Ruíz Gustavo , Escalante-Bermúdez Cesar , García Artalejo Judey Aymed , Gómez Peña Tania , Gómez José Alberto , González-Martínez Eduardo , Cazañas Quintana Yadira , Fundora Barrios Thais , Hernández Tays , Varela Pérez Roberto Carlos , Díaz Goire Dayli , Castro López Diaselys , Ruíz Ramirez Ingrid , Díaz-Águila Carlos R. , Moran-Mirabal Jose M.
Published: April 2023

SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein was captured and purified through a simple and inexpensive methodology using citrate-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in the first step of the process.
Tetramate derivatives by chemoselective Dieckmann ring closure ofallo-phenylserines, and their antibacterial activity
Authors: Saney Liban , Christensen Kirsten E. , Genov Miroslav , Pretsch Alexander , Pretsch Dagmar , Moloney Mark G.
Published: April 2023

Tetramates derived from phenylserines are obtained chemoselectively and diastereoselectively, and after derivatisation as their amides, in some cases exhibit excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria.
A one-step base-free synthesis of N-arylamides via modified pivaloyl mixed anhydride mediated amide coupling
Authors: Mao Fenghua , Jin Can , Wang Jie , Yang Hui , Yan Xinhuan , Li Xiaoqing , Xu Xiangsheng
Published: April 2023

Pivalic anhydride is shown to be an effective reagent for direct amidation of carboxylic acids with N-alkyl anilines under base-free conditions.
A new dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene derivative for high performance single crystal organic field-effect transistors and UV-sensitive phototransistors
Authors: Lou Yunpeng , Shi Rui , Yu Li , Jiang Ting , Zhang Haoquan , Zhang Lifeng , Hu Yongxu , Ji Deyang , Sun Yajing , Li Jie , Li Liqiang , Hu Wenping
Published: April 2023

2,6-DADTT was presented, demonstrating a mobility up to 1.26 cm2V−1s−1and a photosensitivity (P) of 2.49 × 106, a photoresponsivity (R) of 6.84 × 103A W−1, and ultrahigh detectivity (D*) of 4.70 × 1016Jones to UV light.
Synthesis, characterization and properties of a novel environmentally friendly ternary hydrophilic copolymer
Authors: Ma Wentao , Yang Lu , Wu Yang , Zhang Yu , Liu Cong , Ma Jie , Sun Bingqi
Published: April 2023

CaCO3 deposits in the petroleum industry causes severe damage to equipment and production. A novel environmentally friendly scale inhibitor was synthesized. Good hydrophilic and chelating effects, and strong adsorption abilities improves the scale inhibition efficiency.
Application of functional metal anionic Lewis acid ionic liquids in the alkylation of chlorobenzene/SOCl2
Authors: Guo Jiru , Zheng Yanxia , Li Yuchao , Wen Zijian , Shen Xiuxu , Zhao Yansong
Published: April 2023

Catalytic reaction mechanism for chlorobenzene/SOCl2 alkylation using [Bmim]Cl–AlCl3.
Boric acid catalysed hydrolysis of peroxyacids
Authors: Deary Michael E.
Published: April 2023

Boric acid catalyses the hydrolysis of peroxyacids, with possible pathways involving one and two molecules of boric acid as well as polyborate species.
A novel smartphone HPTLC assaying platform versus traditional densitometric method for simultaneous quantification of alfuzosin and solifenacin in their dosage forms as well as monitoring content uniformity and drug residues on the manufacturing equipment
Authors: Wadie Mina , Abdel-Moety Ezzat M. , Rezk Mamdouh R. , Marzouk Hoda M.
Published: April 2023

A comprehensive comparative study between smartphone image analysis and benchtop densitometric detection for simultaneous HPTLC quantification of alfuzosin and solifenacin with versatile real applications.
Intrafibrillar mineralization of type I collagen by micelle-loaded amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles
Authors: Xie Hongyu , Sun Jian , Xie Fangfang , He Shengbin
Published: April 2023

Intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen by micelle-loaded amorphous calcium phosphate.
A thermochromic poplar-based tetradecyl ester/methyl composite encapsulated with PEG400–SiO2 (PS-R-PTC) for improving thermal energy storage
Authors: Tong Yanqiang , Zou Weihua , Sun Delin , Wang Zhangheng
Published: April 2023

A R-PTC had been prepared in previous study by compositing tetradecyl ester, methyl red and poplar wood. For improving the heating storage ability, a PS-R-PTC was prepared by encapsulated R-PTC with PEG400–SiO2 in this work.
Immobilized Ni on TMEDA@βSiO2@αSiO2@Fe3O4: as a novel magnetic nanocatalyst for preparation of pyrido[2,3-d:6,5-d′]dipyrimidines
Authors: Almajidi Yasir Qasim , Ubaidullah Mohd , Pandit Bidhan , Kareem A. K. , Romero-Parra Rosario Mireya , Bobirjon Adizov , Kadhum Wesam R. , AL-Erjan Amran M. , Abosaooda Munther , Mahmoud Aisha Kamal
Published: April 2023

In the current body of research, a very quick and effectual procedure for the synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d:6,5-d′]dipyrimidines has been developed.
Two-ring chirality generated by the alignment of two achiral phenylacetylene macrocycles
Authors: Katoono Ryo , Arisawa Kohei
Published: April 2023

Chiroptical properties vary with the alignment of components based solely on the identical achiral ring.
Multifunctional activity-based chemical probes for sirtuins
Authors: Sharma Chiranjeev , Donu Dickson , Curry Alyson M. , Barton Elizabeth , Cen Yana
Published: April 2023

Multifunctional activity-based chemical probes enable sirtuin labeling, affinity capture, PROTAC construction, and inhibitor discovery.
Streamlining the interface between electronics and neural systems for bidirectional electrochemical communication
Authors: Cho Wonkyung , Yoon Sun-heui , Chung Taek Dong
Published: April 2023

Emerging strategies based on synaptic interfaces, iontronics-based neuromodulation, and improvements in selective neurosensing techniques have been explored to achieve seamless integration and efficient neuro-electronics communication.
Turning trash into treasure: recent advances in triboelectric nanogenerator based on waste-derived carbonized materials
Authors: Li Wenxue , Lv Yujia , Luo Dan , Wang Zhong Lin
Published: April 2023

This paper reviews the features and preparation methods of waste-derived carbonized materials (WDCM), the working mechanism of the WDCM-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), and the application and prospects of WDCM-based TENG in various fields.
Epitaxial growth of a single hexagonal layered α-LiAlO2 coating on a high-voltage LiCoO2 cathode material for enhanced stability
Authors: Zheng Jiahui , Wang Yong , Qin Mengmeng , Sun Lidong , Peng Cong , Li Yu , Feng Wei
Published: April 2023

An improved in situ sol–gel synthesis technology has successfully achieved the epitaxial growth of a single hexagonal layered α-LiAlO2 coating on the LiCoO2 surface and promotion of cycle performance at high voltage.
Wide-bandgap perovskites for multijunction solar cells: improvement of crystalline quality of Cs0.1FA0.9PbI1.4Br1.6 by using lead thiocyanate
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Thi , Kim Jihyun , Kim Yeon Soo , Nguyen Bich Phuong , Jo William
Published: April 2023

High quality wide bandgap perovskite acting as top cells in multijunction solar cells were developed by adding Pb(SCN)2 to precursor solutions. The number of grain boundaries was reduced and passivated leading to an increase in carrier extraction.
Achieving high-performance narrowband blue MR-TADF emitters by suppressing isomer formation and extending π-conjugate skeletons
Authors: Di Kaiyuan , Guo Runda , Wang Yaxiong , Lv Yingbo , Su Hanrui , Zhang Qiang , Yang Bing , Wang Lei
Published: April 2023

The two blue MR-TADF emitters Me-PABO and Me-PABS were designed and synthesized. The devices employing Me-PABO and Me-PABS as emitters exhibited EQEmaxof 20.4% and 23.0%, and CIE of (0.13, 0.09) and (0.12, 0.14), respectively.
Simple excited-state modification toward a deep-blue hybridized local and charge-transfer (HLCT) fluorophore and non-doped organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Huo Yumiao , Lv Jichen , Wang Minghao , Duan Zuning , Qi Haoyuan , Wang Shengnan , Liu Yuchao , Peng Ling , Ying Shian , Yan Shouke
Published: April 2023

A deep-blue HLCT emitter DCZ2F showing the state-of-the-art EQE of 5.62% and CIE coordinates of (0.163, 0.035) was achieved in non-doped OLEDs.
Correction: Lanthanide ion doping enabling highly sensitive and stable all-inorganic CsPbI2Br perovskite photodetectors
Authors: Fang Zhiyuan , Ding Nan , Xu Wen , Wang Tianyuan , Wang Yue , Zi Lu , Hu Junhua , Lu Siyu , Zhou Donglei , Bai Xue , Song Hongwei
Published: April 2023

Correction for ‘Lanthanide ion doping enabling highly sensitive and stable all-inorganic CsPbI2Br perovskite photodetectors’ by Zhiyuan Fang et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 4049–4055, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2TC05543K.
Association Between Hearing Handicap and Life-Space Mobility in a Patient Population
Authors: Oliva Allison , West Jessica S. , Smith Sherri L. , Huang Ryan J. , Riska Kristal M.
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between self-reported hearing handicap and life-space mobility utilizing the Life-Space Questionnaire (LSQ). Life-space mobility reflects how an individual moves through their daily physical and social environment, and the role of hearing loss in life-space mobility is not fully understood. We hypothesized that those with higher self-reported hearing handicap would be more likely to demonstrate restricted life-space mobility.

Method:

A total of 189 older adults (
M
age
= 75.76 years,
SD
= 5.81) completed a mail-in survey packet including the LSQ and Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE). Participants were categorized into one of three groups (“no/none,” “mild/moderate,” or “severe” hearing handicap) according to HHIE total score. LSQ responses were dichotomized to either “nonrestricted/typical” or “restricted” life-space mobility groups. Logistic regression models were performed to analyze life-space mobility differences among the groups.

Results:

Logistic regression results demonstrated no statistically significant association between hearing handicap and LSQ.

Conclusions:

The results of this study indicate that there is no association between self-reported hearing handicap and life-space mobility as evaluated using a mail-in version of the LSQ. This counters other studies that have demonstrated that life space is associated with chronic illness, cognitive functioning, and social and health integration.
Student Perceptions of Learning Clinical Masking in Audiology: An Exploratory Survey Study
Authors: Skinner Kimberly , Billingsly Danica , Conley Quincy
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

The audiology literature is rich with work in the area of clinical masking, yet there is a perception that learning how to mask is difficult. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of audiology doctoral students and recent graduates in learning clinical masking.

Method:

This exploratory study used a cross-sectional survey design, sampling doctor of audiology (AuD) students and recent graduates to probe the perceived effort required and challenges experienced in learning clinical masking. A total of 424 survey responses were included in the analysis.

Results:

A large majority of respondents rated learning clinical masking as being challenging and effortful. Responses suggested that it took more than 6 months for confidence to develop. Qualitative analysis of the open-ended question uncovered four themes: “negative experience in the classroom”; “lack of consensus or variation in teaching”; “focus on content/rules”; and “positives, internal and external.”

Conclusions:

Survey responses shed light on the perception that clinical masking is difficult to learn and highlight teaching and learning strategies that affect the development of this skill. Students reported a negative experience when significant emphasis was placed on formulas and theories and when encountering multiple masking methods in the clinic. On the other hand, students found clinic, simulations, lab-based classes, and some classroom instruction beneficial to learning. Students reported that their learning process included use of cheat sheets, practicing independently, and conceptualizing the process of masking to support their learning.
Effects of Gradual and Sudden Introduction of Perturbations on Adaptive Responses to Formant-Shift and Formant-Clamp Perturbations
Authors: Chao Sara-Ching , Daliri Ayoub
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

When the speech motor system encounters errors, it generates adaptive responses to compensate for the errors. Unlike errors induced by formant-shift perturbations, errors induced by formant-clamp perturbations do not correspond with the speaker's speech (i.e., degraded motor-to-auditory correspondence). We previously showed that adaptive responses to formant-clamp perturbations are smaller than responses to formant-shift perturbations when perturbations are introduced gradually. This study examined responses to formant-clamp and formant-shift perturbations when perturbations are introduced suddenly.

Method:

One group of participants (
n
= 30) experienced gradually introduced formant-clamp and formant-shift perturbations, and another group (
n
= 30) experienced suddenly introduced formant-clamp and formant-shift perturbations. We designed the perturbations based on participant-specific vowel configurations such that a participant's first and second formants of /ɛ/ were perturbed toward their /æ/. To estimate adaptive responses, we measured formant changes (0–100 ms of the vowel) in response to the formant perturbations.

Results:

We found that (a) the difference between responses to formant-clamp and formant-shift perturbations was smaller when the perturbations were introduced suddenly and (b) responses to suddenly introduced (but not gradually introduced) formant-shift perturbations positively correlated with responses to formant-clamp perturbations.

Conclusions:

These results showed that the speech motor system responds to errors induced by formant-shift and formant-clamp perturbations more differently when perturbations are introduced gradually than suddenly. Overall, the quality of errors (formant-shift vs. formant-clamp) and the manner of introducing errors (gradually vs. suddenly) modulate the speech motor system's evaluations of and responses to errors.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22406422
Where Do You Anchor Your Beliefs? An Invitation to Interrogate Dominant Ideologies of Language and Languaging in Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Brea-Spahn María Rosa , Bauler Clara Vaz
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

Ideologies are like rocks onto which individuals and institutions anchor their thoughts about what it means to be an “ideal language user” and what “standardized languaging” is. These deeply ingrained beliefs, influenced by colonial legacies and sociopolitical contexts, invisibly enforce a hierarchical order between people and their access to rights and privilege within societies. They inferiorize, marginalize, racialize, and nullify students and their families. The purposes of this tutorial are to reflect upon common dominant ideologies about language and languaging that are present in definitions, practices, and materials used in school-based settings by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and to offer an invitation to interrupt the practices that are birthed from upholding these beliefs and are dehumanizing to children and families living at the intersections of marginalization. To illustrate how these beliefs about language are enacted in the field of speech-language pathology, a selection of materials and approaches are presented and related to their ideological roots while implementing a critical stance.

Conclusions:

Ideologies uphold idealized versions of “normality” and constructions of “deviance.” Left unexamined, these beliefs remain encoded in traditionally considered scientific categories, policies, approaches, and materials. Critical reflexivity and action are key in the process of up-anchoring and shifting perspectives for ourselves and our institutions. The hope is that, through this tutorial, SLPs can increase their critical consciousness while envisioning how to interrupt oppressive dominant ideologies and, therefore, conceive of a future path that advocates for liberated languaging.
Embracing Disability Culture in Schools
Authors: Saia Toni
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

This viewpoint will expose readers to disability as a social construct shaped by power and oppression, not an individual medical issue defined by diagnosis. As professionals, we are doing a disservice if we continue to silo the disability experience to the limits of service delivery. We must intentionally seek ways to challenge how we think, view, and respond to disability to ensure that our approach is consistent with the current needs of the disability community.

Conclusions:

Specific practices related to accessibility and universal design will be highlighted. Strategies to embrace disability culture will be discussed as it is vital to bridge the gap between school and community.
Reason-Based Recommendations From a Developmental Systems Approach for Students With Needs Across Functional Domains
Authors: McCarty Tara V. , Miller Carol A.
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

This tutorial aims to introduce school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to developmental systems theory as a framework for considering interactions across functional domains, such as language, vision, and motor, for students with complex needs.

Method:

This tutorial summarizes the current literature on developmental systems theory in its application to working with students who have needs in multiple domains of functioning in addition to communication. A hypothetical case of a student, James, with cerebral palsy, cortical visual impairment, and complex communication needs, is presented to illustrate the primary tenets of the theory.

Results:

Specific reason-based recommendations are presented that SLPs can put to practice with their own caseload in direct response to the three tenets of developmental systems theory.

Conclusions:

A developmental systems approach will be useful in expanding SLP knowledge of where to begin and how to best serve children with language, motor, vision, and other concomitant needs. The tenets, including sampling, context dependency, and interdependency, and the application of developmental systems theory can be instrumental in providing a way forward for SLPs struggling with the assessment and intervention of students with complex needs.
Domain adaptive crowd counting via dynamic scale aggregation network
Authors: Huo Zhanqiang , Wang Yanan , Qiao Yingxu , Wang Jing , Luo Fen
Published: April 2023

Crowd counting is an important research topic in computer vision. Its goal is to estimate the people's number in an image. Researchers have dramatically improved counting accuracy in recent years by regressing density maps. However, because of the inherent domain shift, the model trained on an expensive manually labelled dataset (source domain) does not perform well on a dataset with scarce labels (target domain). For this issue, a novel dynamic scale aggregation network (DSANet) is proposed to reduce the gaps in style and cross‐domain head scale variations. Specifically, a practical style transfer layer is introduced to reduce the appearance discrepancy between the source and target domains. Then, the translated source and target domain samples are encoded by a generator consisting of the VGG16 network and the dynamic scale aggregation modules (DSA Modules) and produce corresponding density maps. The DSA module can adaptively adjust parameters according to the input features and effectively fuse multi‐scale information to overcome the cross‐domain head scale variations. Next, a discriminator judges the input density map from the source or target domain. Last, domain distributions are aligned through adversarial between the generator and the discriminator. The experiments show that our network outperforms the current state‐of‐the‐art methods and can improve the target domain's performance while maintaining the source domain's performance without significant degradation.
Optimal wideband sequential sensing in cognitive radios via deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Wu Keyu , Qian Jing , Liu Shixuan
Published: April 2023

In cognitive radios, wideband sequential sensing plays an important role, which is able to quickly identify temporary available transmission opportunities by adaptively allocating sensing resources. This paper proposes a Markov decision process for modelling the optimal control of sequential sensing, which provides a general formulation capturing various practical features, including sampling cost, sensing requirement, sensing budget etc. For solving the optimal sensing policy, a model‐augmented deep reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed, which enjoys high learning stability and efficiency, compared to conventional reinforcement learning algorithms.
Optimal capacity of solar photovoltaic and battery storage for grid‐tied houses based on energy sharing
Authors: Khanal Siraj , Khezri Rahmat , Mahmoudi Amin , Kahourzadeh Solmaz
Published: April 2023

This paper determines the optimal capacity of solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage (BES) for a grid‐connected house based on an energy‐sharing mechanism. The grid‐connected house, also mentioned as house 1 where it is relevant, shares electricity with house 2 under a mutually agreed fixed energy price. The objective is to minimize the cost of electricity (COE) for house 1 while decreasing the electricity cost of house 2. Practical factors such as real data for solar insolation, electricity consumption, grid constraint, ambient temperature, electricity rate, and battery degradation are considered based on actual data. The developed methodology is examined by taking the actual load data of two houses in South Australia. Different scenarios of contract years between the houses are investigated to make it more practical in real life. Sensitivity analyses are conducted for the sharing of energy between the houses and by changing parameters like export power limitation, load of houses, and costs of PV and BES. Likewise, operational analysis is done for two days of summer and winter. It is found that when energy sharing is applied, the optimal design of the PV‐BES system will achieve lower COE for both houses.
Toward cross‐domain object detection in artwork images using improved YoloV5 and XGBoosting
Authors: Ahmad Tasweer , Schich Maximilian
Published: April 2023

Object recognition in natural images has achieved great success, while recognizing objects in style‐images, such as artworks and watercolor images, has not yet achieved great progress. Here, this problem is addressed using cross‐domain object detection in style‐images, clipart, watercolor, and comic images. In particular, a cross‐domain object detection model is proposed using YoloV5 and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoosting). As detecting difficult instances in cross domain images is a challenging task, XGBoosting is incorporated in this workflow to enhance learning of the proposed model for application on hard‐to‐detect samples. Several ablation studies are carried out by training and evaluating this model on the StyleObject7K, ClipArt1K, Watercolor2K, and Comic2K datasets. It is empirically established that this proposed model works better than other methods for the above‐mentioned datasets.
Research on identification and classification of grassland forage based on deep learning and attention mechanisms
Authors: Liu Yilei , Liu Jiangping , Zhao Xuanhe , Pan Xin , Yan Weihong
Published: April 2023

Grassland is an important resource for China's economic development and the main economic source of animal husbandry. The identification and classification of grassland forage is an important part of the improvement of forage varieties and the monitoring of germplasm resources, which can fundamentally solve the problems of poor forage quality and low reproduction rate. For the problem of low accuracy of forage identification and classification, the authors put forward a new 3DSECNN model to remove the preprocessing operation and directly study the images. The authors took forage hyperspectral image (HSI) images on the field and built dataset, used 3DSECNN to train the images to improve the classification effect. The outstanding contributions of this paper are: (1) The authors took high‐precision forage HSI images in the field, established a dedicated database of forage HSIs, and expanded the datasets; (2) the process of integrating preprocessing ideas into the network and replacing the traditional method of preprocessing the data and then extracting features; (3) proposing the 3DSECNN model, which adds SENet on the basis of the traditional 3DCNN, strengthens the correlation of the spatial dimension, selects the key features for the classification by calculating the channel weight, inhibits the unimportant information, and achieves the purpose of integrating the preprocessing ideas into the network. The experimental results show the overall accuracy (OA) of 3DSECNN is 94.36%, Precision, Recall, F1‐score, Kappa, and Time also showed good levels. The experimental results prove that the 3DSECNN strengthens the correlation between image channels, enhances the performance ability of features, and provides a new method for the identification and classification research of forage.
ASMADO‐based refined anti‐disturbance low‐speed control of PMSM
Authors: Wang Huifan , Tong Junze , Wang Zhongshi , Tian Dapeng
Published: April 2023

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) have expectant low‐speed servo performance. However, complex nonlinear disturbances restrict the performance and lead to speed fluctuations, especially for small inertia PMSMs where the current‐loop cannot be used in special operating conditions. This paper divides complex disturbances into periodic determinable disturbances and other indeterminate disturbances according to their characteristics. A refined anti‐disturbance control (RADC) method is proposed to enable the inner loop to compensate for disturbances in targeted manners. Then ideal low‐speed servo can be achieved using a simple outer loop controller. The proposed RADC consists of two parts. One is a backpropagation neural network based periodic disturbances compensator that is trained using the data from an iterative learning controller. The other is an adaptive sliding‐mode‐assisted disturbance observer that rapidly observes and compensates the residual disturbances. The convergence of the overall algorithm is analyzed. The effectiveness of the proposal is also verified by experiments.
HDO and SO2thermal mapping on Venus
Authors: Encrenaz T. , Greathouse T. K. , Giles R. , Widemann T. , Bézard B. , Lefèvre M. , Shao W.
Published: April 2023

Since January 2012, we have been monitoring the behavior of sulfur dioxide and water on Venus using the Texas Echelon Cross-Echelle Spectrograph (TEXES) imaging spectrometer at the NASA InfraRed Telescope Facility (IRTF, Mauna Kea Observatory). We present here new data recorded in 2021 and 2022, after an 18-month interruption due to the Covid pandemic. Most of the observations were recorded in two spectral ranges: the 7.4 µm (1345 cm−1) range, where SO2, CO2, and HDO (used as a proxy for H2O) transitions are observed at the cloud top, at an altitude of about 62 km, and the 19 µm (530 cm−1) range, where SO2and CO2are probed within the clouds at an altitude of about 57 km. We recently added the 8.6 µm (1162 cm−1) range, which probes a few kilometers above the cloud top (z= 67 km). As in our previous studies, the volume mixing ratio of SO2is estimated using the SO2/CO2line depth ratio of weak transitions; the H2O volume mixing ratio is derived from the HDO/CO2line depth ratio, assuming a D/H ratio of 200 times the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW). As reported in our previous analyses, the SO2mixing ratio shows strong variations with time and also over the disk, showing evidence of the formation of SO2plumes. These local maxima appear sporadically on the SO2maps and stay visible over a few hours. In contrast, the H2O abundance is remarkably uniform over the disk and shows moderate variations as a function of time. The present dataset shows significant differences with respect to the 2012–2019 dataset: (1) the SO2mixing ratio at the cloud top has decreased by a factor of about 3 with respect to the maximum value observed in July 2018; (2) the long-term anti-correlation between SO2and H2O previously observed between 2014 and 2019 is no longer visible; (3) a very high SO2plume activity was observed in Nov. 2021, in spite of the low SO2mixing ratio at the cloud top. In contrast, the distribution of the SO2plume appearance over the disk is confirmed, with a maximum along the equator and around the morning terminator. Information on the SO2vertical gradient is retrieved from the simultaneous analysis of SO2at 7.4 µm and 19 µm. The gradient is constant in most cases with a few exceptions, especially in November 2021 when the plume activity was high. Finally, the temperature distributions retrieved from the continuum maps in September and November 2021 show an unusual pattern possibly associated with gravity waves, as previously observed by the longwave infrared camera camera aboard the Akatsuki spacecraft.
MOA-2022-BLG-249Lb: Nearby microlensing super-Earth planet detected from high-cadence surveys
Authors: Han Cheongho , Gould Andrew , Jung Youn Kil , Bond Ian A. , Zang Weicheng , Chung Sun-Ju , Albrow Michael D. , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yang Hongjing , Yee Jennifer C. , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Doeon , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Mao Shude , Zhu Wei , Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Fujii Hirosame , Fukui Akihiko , Hamada Ryusei , Hirao Yuki , Ishitani Silva Stela , Itow Yoshitaka , Kirikawa Rintaro , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Matsubara Yutaka , Matsumoto Sho , Miyazaki Shota , Muraki Yasushi , Okamura Arisa , Olmschenk Greg , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Satoh Yuki , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Toda Taiga , Tomoyoshi Mio , Tristram Paul J. , Vandorou Aikaterini , Yama Hibiki , Yamashita Kansuke
Published: April 2023

Aims. We investigate the data collected by the high-cadence microlensing surveys during the 2022 season in search of planetary signals appearing in the light curves of microlensing events. From this search, we find that the lensing event MOA-2022-BLG-249 exhibits a brief positive anomaly that lasted for about one day, with a maximum deviation of ~0.2 mag from a single-source, single-lens model.

Methods. We analyzed the light curve under the two interpretations of the anomaly: one originated by a low-mass companion to the lens (planetary model) and the other originated by a faint companion to the source (binary-source model).

Results. We find that the anomaly is better explained by the planetary model than the binary-source model. We identified two solutions rooted in the inner-outer degeneracy and for both of them, the estimated planet-to-host mass ratio, q ~ 8 × 10−5, is very small. With the constraints provided by the microlens parallax and the lower limit on the Einstein radius, as well as the blend-flux constraint, we find that the lens is a planetary system, in which a super-Earth planet, with a mass of (4.83 ± 1.44) Μ⊕, orbits a low-mass host star, with a mass of (0.18 ± 0.05) M⊙, lying in the Galactic disk at a distance of (2.00 ± 0.42) kpc. The planet detection demonstrates the elevated microlensing sensitivity of the current high-cadence lensing surveys to low-mass planets.
Integrative Medizin in der Klinik
Authors: Klose Petra , Werner Marc
Published: April 2023

Die Landschaft der Medizin hat sich langsam weiterentwickelt hin zu mehr Ganzheitlichkeit und Individualität. Teil dieses Fortschritts waren die Verbindung und Integration des konventionellen, biomedizinischen mit dem komplementär-naturheilkundlichen Gesundheitskonzept, das interdisziplinär und multimodal Synergien anstrebt, die dem Patienten Linderung und/oder Heilung bringen. Im Folgenden wird zunächst die Integrative Medizin definiert, danach die Vorgehens- und Arbeitsweise beschrieben, zuletzt wird noch auf Wirksamkeit und Kosten eingegangen.
The effect of dexmedetomidine on expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in spinal dorsal cord in a rat model with chronic neuropathic pain
Authors: Pang Jun , Zhang Suming , Kong Ying , Wang Zhe , Pei Ruomeng , Zhuang Ping , Wang Xiaopeng
Published: April 2023

Background Neuropathic pain typically refers to the pain caused by somatosensory system injury or diseases, which is usually characterized by ambulatory pain, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. Nitric oxide produced by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the spinal dorsal cord might serve a predominant role in regulating the algesia of neuropathic pain. The high efficacy and safety, as well as the plausible ability in providing comfort, entitle dexmedetomidine (DEX) to an effective anesthetic adjuvant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of DEX on the expression of nNOS in spinal dorsal cord in a rat model with chronic neuropathic pain.

Methods Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned into three groups: sham operation group (sham), (of the sciatic nerve) operation (CCI) group, and dexmedetomidine (DEX) group. Chronic neuropathic pain models in the CCI and DEX groups were established by sciatic nerve ligation. The thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) was measured on day 1 before operation and on day 1, 3, 7 and 14 after operation. Six animals were sacrificed after TWL measurement on day 7, and 14 days after operation, in each group, the L4–6 segment of the spinal cords was extracted for determination of nNOS expression by immunohistochemistry.

Results Compared with the sham group, the TWL threshold was significantly decreased and the expression of nNOS was up-regulated after operation in the CCI and DEX groups. Compared with the CCI grou[, the TWL threshold was significantly increased and the expression of nNOS was significantly down-regulated on day 7 and 14 days after operation in the DEX group.

Conclusion Down-regulated nNOS in the spinal dorsal cord is involved in the attenuation of neuropathic pain by DEX.
Impact of delaying botulinum toxin treatment in patients with migraine during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nascimento Henrique , Videira Gonçalo , Duarte Sara , Correia Carlos , Andrade Carlos
Published: April 2023

Background Due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic response measures, the administration of botulinum toxin (BTX) was delayed for many patients during the first lockdown period in Portugal.

Objectives To review the impact of postponing BTX treatment on migraine control.

Methods This was a retrospective, single-center study. Patients with chronic migraine who had done at least three previous BTX cycles and were considered responders were included. The patients were divided into two groups, one that has had their treatment delayed (group P), and one that has not (controls). The Phase III Research Evaluating Migraine Prophylaxis Therapy (PREEMPT) protocol was used. Migraine-related data were obtained at baseline and at three subsequent visits.

Results The present study included two groups, group P (n = 30; 47.0 ± 14.5 years; 27 females, interval baseline -1st visit: 5.5 [4.1–5.8] months) and the control group (n = 6; 57.7 ± 13.2 years; 6 females; interval baseline–1st visit 3.0 [3.0–3.2] months). No difference between the groups was present at baseline. When compared to baseline, the number of days/month with migraine (5 [3–6.2] vs. 8 [6–15] p < 0.001), days using triptans/month (2.5 [0–6] vs. 3 [0–8], p = 0.027) and intensity of pain (7 [5.8–10] vs. 9 [7–10], p = 0.012) were greater in the first visit for group P, while controls did not present a significant variation. The worsening of migraine-related indicators decreased in the following visits; however, even in the third visit, it had not returned to baseline. Correlations were significant between the delayed time to treatment and the increase in days/month with migraines at the first visit after lockdown (r = 0.507; p = 0.004).

Conclusions There was a deterioration of migraine control after postponed treatments, with a direct correlation between the worsening of symptoms and the number of months that the treatment was delayed.
Exploring clinical outcomes in patients with idiopathic/inherited isolated generalized dystonia and stimulation of the subthalamic region
Authors: Listik Clarice , Lapa Jorge Dornellys , Casagrande Sara Carvalho Barbosa , Barbosa Egberto Reis , Iglesio Ricardo , Godinho Fabio , Duarte Kleber Paiva , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Cury Rubens Gisbert
Published: April 2023

Background Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment option for refractory dystonia, but the improvement among the patients is variable.

Objective To describe the outcomes of DBS of the subthalamic region (STN) in dystonic patients and to determine whether the volume of tissue activated (VTA) inside the STN or the structural connectivity between the area stimulated and different regions of the brain are associated with dystonia improvement.

Methods The response to DBS was measured by the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFM) before and 7 months after surgery in patients with generalized isolated dystonia of inherited/idiopathic etiology. The sum of the two overlapping STN volumes from both hemispheres was correlated with the change in BFM scores to assess whether the area stimulated inside the STN affects the clinical outcome. Structural connectivity estimates between the VTA (of each patient) and different brain regions were computed using a normative connectome taken from healthy subjects.

Results Five patients were included. The baseline BFM motor and disability subscores were 78.30 ± 13.55 (62.00–98.00) and 20.60 ± 7.80 (13.00–32.00), respectively. Patients improved dystonic symptoms, though differently. No relationships were found between the VTA inside the STN and the BFM improvement after surgery (p = 0.463). However, the connectivity between the VTA and the cerebellum structurally correlated with dystonia improvement (p = 0.003).

Conclusions These data suggest that the volume of the stimulated STN does not explain the variance in outcomes in dystonia. Still, the connectivity pattern between the region stimulated and the cerebellum is linked to outcomes of patients.
Investigating boosted decision trees as a guide for inertial confinement fusion design
Authors: Maris Andrew D. , Khan Shahab F. , Pokornik Michael M. , Peterson J. Luc , Humbird Kelli D. , Haan Steven W.
Published: April 2023

Inertial confined fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility have recently entered a new regime approaching ignition. Improved modeling and exploration of the experimental parameter space were essential to deepening our understanding of the mechanisms that degrade and amplify the neutron yield. The growing prevalence of machine learning in fusion studies opens a new avenue for investigation. In this paper, we have applied the Gradient-Boosted Decision Tree machine-learning architecture to further explore the parameter space and find correlations with the neutron yield, a key performance indicator. We find reasonable agreement between the measured and predicted yield, with a mean absolute percentage error on a randomly assigned test set of 35.5%. This model finds the characteristics of the laser pulse to be the most influential in prediction, as well as the hohlraum laser entrance hole diameter and an enhanced capsule fabrication technique. We used the trained model to scan over the design space of experiments from three different campaigns to evaluate the potential of this technique to provide design changes that could improve the resulting neutron yield. While these data-driven model cannot predict ignition without examples of ignited shots in the training set, it can be used to indicate that an unseen shot design will at least be in the upper range of previously observed neutron yields.
Learning effective dynamics from data-driven stochastic systems
Authors: Feng Lingyu , Gao Ting , Dai Min , Duan Jinqiao
Published: April 2023

Multiscale stochastic dynamical systems have been widely adopted to a variety of scientific and engineering problems due to their capability of depicting complex phenomena in many real-world applications. This work is devoted to investigating the effective dynamics for slow–fast stochastic dynamical systems. Given observation data on a short-term period satisfying some unknown slow–fast stochastic systems, we propose a novel algorithm, including a neural network called Auto-SDE, to learn an invariant slow manifold. Our approach captures the evolutionary nature of a series of time-dependent autoencoder neural networks with the loss constructed from a discretized stochastic differential equation. Our algorithm is also validated to be accurate, stable, and effective through numerical experiments under various evaluation metrics.