bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differentiation in the Process of Learning English by Future Ship Engineers
Authors: Kononova Olena
Published: October 2024

Traditional methods of teaching English do not always allow us to consider the individual characteristics of future ship- engineers, their learning pace, cognitive styles and level of training, which can lead to the loss of motivation to learn and failure to master the material in full. The article substantiates the basic principles of differentiated learning (variability of tasks, frontal work, pair/group, and independent assignments). The research describes multi-level tasks for groups, considering different levels of English language proficiency. It is emphasized that differentiated learning contributes to the development of various skills important for ship's engineers, such as critical thinking, solving professional problems, high-level English for communication in an international crew, teamwork, etc. The author emphasizes the need to plan tasks for each stage of the lesson for groups with different knowledge bases and levels of training. It is important to anticipate possible difficulties that students may encounter in mastering the material and to use differentiated individual tasks in the classroom system. The advantages of differentiated learning are revealed: considering the individual characteristics of students, increasing motivation to learn. The disadvantages are also pointed out, since differentiated learning requires considerable effort and time from the teacher to plan classes, prepare various materials and tasks. Criteria for assessing the knowledge and skills of future specialists are proposed, since students of different groups perform different tasks and study according to different programs when learning maritime English. It is emphasized that the systematic use of different types of exercises for a particular group, taking into account the topic, stage of study and didactic goals, is optimal for improving the assimilation of knowledge of students
Economic education of preschool children. A pedagogical view of the phenomenon
Authors: Konowaluk-Nikitin Helena , Nazaruk Stanisława
Published: October 2024

The article presents the significance of economic education in a person’s life and the need for it from an early age. The stage of development from which education on the basics of economy should start is the preschool age (3-6 years). The age of the ancestors, the initial stage of the child’s consumer socialization, during which its effects and ideas about the world of consumption are shaped. The consumer behavior of preschool children is determined by parents, who can use the purchasing process in the upbringing process. This issue is very relevant, since it constitutes an integral part of each person’s life and it’s also a subject of interest in many fields of social sciences, each of which introduces a different view, hence it’s multidimensional nature. The essence and significance of the process of economic education, including equipping children with knowledge about economics as well as basic ability of its usage in certain life situations were presented based on the research of recent publications collected from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The article points out the existence of tools that could be used in the methodology of preschool teacher’s work. The offered examples taken from pedagogic practice could help teachers with implementing methods of efficient economical education in the field of preschool pedagogy. The findings presented in the article point towards the need for economic education of preschool children and show its integral and timeless nature. One of the tasks of economic education in kindergarten is to shape the foundations of economic culture, which emphasizes the relationship between economic education and morality.
Older Adult Education in the Context of Psychological Theories of Ageing
Authors: Chahrak Nataliya
Published: October 2024

In gerontology, the essence of ageing is traditionally equated with decline and degradation, it is considered a purposeful process of loss of the body's adaptive capacity. Psychologists, in particular representatives of behaviorism, deny this position, instead they consider ageing to be an integral part of the general process of human development. Theories of ageing have progressed from focusing on individuals’ declines and losses in later phase of their life course to considering ageing as a continuous process of human development. Psychological theories of ageing are crucial to understanding older adults as learners ‒ their needs, abilities, motivation of learning and expectations from educational activity. They help us to develop comprehensive approaches to building an effective educational environment and improving the learning process of that age and social group aiming to adapt that environment to the needs of older adult learners. The article analyzes the main provisions of psychological theories of ageing, which substantiate the importance and even the necessity of involving older adults in educational activities, because firstly, mental activity contributes to the preservation and even development of a person’s intellectual capabilities until old age; secondly, in older people (compared to young people), changes in the ability to learn are insignificant and relate rather to the sphere of perception, attention, motivation, and the physiological state of the body; and thirdly, older people have a growing need for a sense of security, which has a significant impact on their quality of life and is largely realized through communication and learning activities. Based on the main tenets of psychological theories of ageing, in our research we consider older adults as a resource and human capital. We believe that the approach to the problem of ageing and old age from the resource perspective, which is based on the ideas of theories of activity and lifelong personality development, allows us to justify the need for education of older adults and is the basis of educational gerontology.
Metacognitive Awareness in Second Language Learning: Displaced Primary School Students’ Experiences of Learning German Upon Transition to the Target Language Environment
Authors: Abramicheva Olena
Published: October 2024

Drawing on international pedagogical discourse on the inclusion of ethnically diverse refugee groups in the educational systems of OECD countries as well as our previous research on the Ukrainian refugee perspectives on primary school in Switzerland, the author examines experiences of second language acquisition by displaced Ukrainian children in Swiss primary schools. The two-year research period allowed for the exploration of dynamics of German language acquisition by displaced children in conditions of full immersion in the target language environment and identification of the factors influencing their second language (German) learning and performance. The involvement of a Ukrainian researcher in the research project ensured accessibility of the target group and effective researcher-respondent communication in the course of longitudinal study carried out within the framework of a qualitative methodology with data collection through narrative inquiry and participant observations as research tools. The study identifies the effects of the two groups of factors: learner-internal (motivation, metacognitive skills, prior knowledge, and learning strategies) and learner-external ones (second language learning context, type of second language instruction available upon displacement, etc.). Metacognitive skills proved to be instrumental in second language learning in the context of the learners’ unexpected transition to a new educational setting and full immersion in the target language environment. Effects of metacognitive skills on second language learning of the studied group of displaced children vary considerably depending on the student’s age, prior knowledge and language learning experiences, and second language instruction available upon the displacement. The multidisciplinary character of the second language acquisition research undertaken by the author allows for diverse practical applications of its results in second language pedagogy, psychology of education, as well as in refugee and primary education.
Tratamiento químico de vinaza de caña de azúcar con peróxido de hidrógeno
Authors: Del M. Chaile Adriana Patricia , Uboldi María Emilia , Elsa Ferreyra Mercedes Marta
Published: October 2024

[Introduction]: Vinasse is generated as a residue in the production of ethanol by fermentation-distillation of molasses/sugar cane juice, at a rate of 13 L/L of ethanol. It is an acid liquid, brown in color, characterized by high mineralization and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values of up to 150 000 mg/L, being highly polluting. [Objective]: The objective of this research was to evaluate a vinasse treatment process with hydrogen peroxide as a source of hydroxyl radicals at laboratory scale. [Methodology]: The vinasse samples, from different distilleries in the province of Tucumán, were characterized following standardized techniques of Standard Methods. The oxidation tests were carried out with different peroxide/vinasses ratios, in a semi-batch reactor, under ambient conditions, measuring COD as an indicator parameter of the treatment. [Results]: After 5 days, an 85 % decrease in COD and an increase in the Biodegradability Index were achieved. The kinetics of the oxidative reaction was first order with respect to COD, with an apparent rate constant of 0.3694 1/day. [Conclusions]: Although the COD values allowed by local regulations (250 mg/L) were not reached, the proposed treatment is encouraging due to its simplicity, representing a potential option to the environmental challenge represented by vinaze in Latin America.
An Artificial Intelligence-Infused Trigonometric Fuzzy Model for Strategic Insights into Green Communication of Emerging Economies
Authors: Pamucar Dragan , Yüksel Serhat , Dinçer Hasan , Eti Serkan , Yazici Merve , Gökalp Yaşar
Published: October 2024

Green communication is important for businesses to achieve customer satisfaction and gain a significant competitive advantage. Therefore, improving the indicators is very significant for increasing the green communication performance of businesses. However, these improvements cause cost increase for businesses. Hence, there is a significant need for a priority analysis on the variables that will affect the green communication performance of businesses to use the budget more effectively. The purpose of this study is to evaluate important indicators of effective green communication for the companies. For this purpose, a novel model is proposed that has mainly two different parts. In this process, the evaluations of three decision makers are taken into consideration. At the first stage, selected indicators are examined by using artificial intelligence-based sine trigonometric Pythagorean fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL). Secondly, emerging seven countries are ranked according to the performance of the green communication. In this context, artificial intelligence-based sine trigonometric Pythagorean fuzzy ranking technique by geometric mean of similarity ratio to optimal solution (RATGOS) technique is taken into consideration. Moreover, these countries are also ranked by using additive ratio assessment (ARAS) methodology to make a comparative evaluation. The main contribution of this study is that artificial intelligence methodology is integrated with the fuzzy decision-making model. Artificial intelligence methodology is considered to generate decision matrix. With the help of this situation, more appropriate calculations can be made. Proposing RATGOS methodology to the literature by the authors is another significant contribution of this proposed model. To overcome criticisms regarding the existing ranking decision-making techniques in the literature, RATGOS model is generated by making computations with geometrical mean. Owing to this issue, it can be possible to reach more effective solutions. The findings demonstrate that informativeness is the most crucial issue for the improvement of green communication performance of the companies. Meeting customer expectation is another important situation that should be taken into consideration in this manner. Considering these findings, it would be appropriate to establish sectoral standards and guidelines to provide information in green communication. Thanks to these standards, it is possible for companies to provide detailed and comprehensive information to their customers. The ranking results of both RATGOS and ARAS are the same that gives information about the consistency and coherency of the proposed model. The ranking results indicate that China and Russia are the most successful emerging countries with respect to the green communication performance.
On the Improvements of Metaheuristic Optimization-Based Strategies for Time Series Structural Break Detection
Authors: Burczaniuk Mateusz , Jastrzębska Agnieszka
Published: October 2024

Structural break detection is an important time series analysis task. It can be treated as a multi-objective optimization problem, in which we ought to find a time series segmentation such that time series theoretical models constructed on each segment are well-fitted and the segments are long enough to bear meaningful information. Metaheuristic optimization can help us solve this problem. This paper introduces a suite of new cost functions for the structural break detection task. We demonstrate that the new cost functions allow for achieving quantitatively better precision than the cost functions employed in the literature of this domain. We show particular advantages of each new cost function. Furthermore, the paper promotes the use of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in the domain of structural break detection, which so far has relied on the Genetic Algorithm (GA). Our experiments show that PSO outperforms GA for many analysed time series examples. Last but not least, we introduce a non-trivial generalization of the top-performing state-of-the-art approach to the structural break detection problem based on the Minimum Description Length (MDL) rule with autoregressive (AR) model to MDL ARIMA (autoregressive integrated moving average) model.
Samogitia and Lithuania in 13-18th Centuries: the Splendour and the Poverty of Regional (Provincial) Self-Goveming
Authors: Saviščevas Eugenijus
Published: October 2024

This article deals with the development of Samogitia's relationship with Lithuania since the middle of the 13th century to the end of the 18th century. In the course of this period, Samogitia experienced different patterns of relationship towards Lithuania: hostile western cultural pressure in the Middle Ages; legitimate agreement on the part of Samogitians with the Lithuanian monarchy which provided for the autonomy of Samogitia in 15-16 c.; the merge of Samogitian nobles with the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the end of the 16 c. to 18 c. The latter merge meant the decline of the power of the regional ruling elite, having blocked the way to form a separate Samogitian political identity. All this hindered the rise of more forceful regional trends of separatism.
Baltic Region in the View of French Historiography. - Rec.: Sylvain Gouguenheim. Les Chevaliers teutoniques. Paris: Tallandier, 2007. 775 p .
Authors: Čelkis Tomas
Published: October 2024

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In memory of Yu. G. Zdesenko 20 years later
Authors:   Department of Physics, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy, Bernabei R. ,   Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, sez. “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
Published: October 2024

Brief biography and scientific achievements of Yuri Georgiiovych Zdesenko in relation with his 80-th anniversary.
To the 80th anniversary of Yuri Georgiiovych Zdesenko (not very formal memoirs)
Authors:   Institute for Nuclear Research, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Danevich F.A. , Kobychev V.V. , Kropivyansky B.M. , Tretyak V.I. ,   INFN, Sezione Roma "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy,   INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
Published: October 2024

Brief biography and scientific achievements of Yuri Georgiiovych Zdesenko in relation with his 80-th anniversary.
Low-Level, Early Life Lead Exposure and School Behavior
Authors: Shadbegian Ron , Bui Linda , Klemick Heather , Margolit-Chan Rebecca , Hoang Anh , Guignet Dennis
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES

To measure how early childhood exposure to lead affects school behavior from third to eighth grade, measured by the number and days of total school suspensions (TSS) and out-of-school suspensions (OSS).

METHODS

We estimate Poisson models using a cohort of 284 701 students with school records from 2006–2008 in North Carolina. We adjust for demographic and socioeconomic variables and school–grade–year cohort effects, and use coarsened exact matching to ensure similar characteristics across children with blood lead levels (BLLs) 2–10 μg/dL and children in the reference group with BLLs ≤ 1 μg/dL.

RESULTS

BLLs ≥ 3 µg/dL are positively and significantly associated with all school suspension measures for sixth through eighth graders. The estimated effects on OSS for sixth through eighth graders are larger than the effects on TSS. For example, students with BLL = 3 µg/dL receive OSS 16% (95% confidence interval 3.6% – 30%) more often and for 22% (95% confidence interval 7.3% – 33%) more days than students with BLL ≤1 µg/dL. For third through fifth grade students, we only find a significant effect of lead exposure on suspensions at relatively high BLLs of 8 – 10 µg/dL.

CONCLUSIONS

Our analysis demonstrates that BLL has significant adverse effects on third through eighth grade students’ behavior, including at levels below the current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s blood lead reference value of 3.5 μg/dL. We find that the adverse effects of lead are most strongly associated with more severe disruptive behavior in sixth through eighth graders, as measured by OSS. Our results underscore the long-term benefits of preventing early childhood exposure to lead.
Sickle Cell Disease and Lead Poisoning in New York City, 2005–2019
Authors: Seifu Leah , Sedlar Slavenka , Grant Ta’Sharee , Faciano Andrew , Ehrlich Jacqueline
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES

Previous analyses of New York City (NYC) health department’s lead registry indicated that, among children with lead poisoning, an increased prevalence of sickle cell disease (SCD) exists. However, SCD is not considered a risk factor for lead poisoning. We assessed the association between SCD and childhood lead poisoning to determine if specific lead poisoning prevention efforts are needed for children with SCD.

METHODS

We analyzed NYC’s lead registry data for children with venous blood lead levels (BLLs) ≥15 mcg/dL during 2005 to 2019. t tests and χ2 tests were performed to compare demographic characteristics, BLLs, and lead exposure risks in non-Hispanic Black children with and without SCD. A t test was used to compare observed SCD prevalence among Black children with BLLs ≥15 mcg/dL with an estimated 0.43% SCD prevalence among Black NYC children.

RESULTS

Among 1728 Black children with BLLs ≥15 mcg/dL identified, 37 (2.14%) had SCD. When comparing children with and without SCD, both mean age at peak BLL (62.8 versus 42.7 months; P = .003) and peak BLL (42.59 versus 23.06 mcg/dL; P = .008) were higher for children with SCD. Among risk factors for lead exposure, children with SCD had higher prevalence of pica. Observed SCD prevalence was 1.71% higher than estimated SCD prevalence among Black NYC children (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

We found a potential association between SCD and childhood lead poisoning. Pica emerged as a potentially important risk factor. Our findings might have implications for lead poisoning prevention guidelines for children with SCD.
Identificando ausencias: incentivo del depósito legal de la producción de editoriales independientes mexicanas contemporáneas en la Biblioteca Nacional de México
Authors: Hurtado Tarazona Alejandra
Published: October 2024

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación cuyo objetivo principal fue establecer un panorama de la producción y características de las editoriales independientes mexicanas del siglo XXI que no hacen parte del catálogo Nautilo de la Biblioteca Nacional de México (BNM), con el fin de plantear estrategias de incorporación de las obras faltantes al acervo de dicha institución a través del depósito legal. Se estudiaron los registros de 112 editoriales mexicanas independientes y se determinó: 1. Que la producción del 69% del total de proyectos no hacen parte del acervo de la BNM, lo que indica que no cumplen con el depósito legal. 2. Que dentro de ese 69% que no está incluido en la BNM, el 51% de los proyectos no cuenta con registro ISBN en sus obras, lo cual hace más difícil poder identificar su producción para incentivar el cumplimiento del depósito legal. 3. Las características principales de los proyectos a partir de sus catálogos editoriales y páginas web, para poder identificar su producción. A partir del análisis de estos datos se concluye que hay un vacío bibliográfico significativo de la producción de editoriales independientes mexicanas contemporáneas en la BNM, especialmente de las que tienen prácticas más experimentales, y se enfatiza la importancia de trazar estrategias que incentiven el cumplimiento de su depósito legal, teniendo en cuenta las particulares características de este tipo de edición.
La inteligencia artificial en los estudios de la información y la bibliotecología
Authors: Martínez Albarrán Alí
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es esbozar un marco de referencia para conocer cuáles son los tipos y los elementos que comprenden un programa basado en inteligencia artificial (IA), esto permitirá formular propuestas de aplicación en el campo de la Bibliotecología y los estudios de la información, pues, aunque desde hace tiempo se reflexiona y analiza el uso de la IA, no hay casos de aplicaciones concretas. El empleo de la IA es habitual en muchas de las aplicaciones y tareas diarias, aunque ello no sea percibido de manera directa. Entonces, el propósito es analizar la IA desde un proceso de aplicación y continuidad a fin de aprovecharla como herramienta sin que su implementación conlleve la pérdida de algunas actividades profesionales o su reemplazo por programas que las automaticen. La propuesta es enfocarse en las posibilidades brindadas por la IA al ámbito bibliotecario y a los estudios de la información, que conducen a una búsqueda continua de aplicaciones en apoyo de la profesión del bibliotecario y la investigación en este campo. Asimismo, se advierten las habilidades que adquieren los profesionales de la información ante los contextos y las posibilidades de aplicación.
Necesidades de información de las personas productoras de café asociadas a la Cooperativa Agropecuaria Industrial y de Servicios Múltiples de Atenas, Costa Rica
Authors: Hernández Arroyo Wilson
Published: October 2024

El estudio investiga las necesidades de información de los productores de café en Atenas, Costa Rica, asociados a COOPEATENAS R.L. Se enmarca en el paradigma naturalista con un enfoque cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio. Se seleccionaron dos tipos de sujetos de estudio mediante muestras no probabilísticas y se aplicaron técnicas como grupos focales y entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis descriptivo y narrativo permitió entender las necesidades de información en función de los problemas laborales identificados. Los resultados muestran que los productores enfrentan necesidades de información técnica, económica, política y socio-institucional, derivadas de sus desafíos diarios. Estas necesidades son cruciales para optimizar la producción y adaptarse a cambios normativos y comerciales. La investigación concluye destacando la importancia de abordar integralmente las dificultades laborales y las demandas informativas de los productores de café. Se recomienda establecer mecanismos efectivos de comunicación y fomentar la colaboración entre las entidades involucradas en la producción.
Diagnóstico de la implementación del estándar RDA en el Sistema Nacional de Bibliotecas y Sistema Bibliotecario de la Educación Superior Universitaria Estatal
Authors: Briceño Alvarez Iria , Rodríguez-Calvo Desiree , Ocampo-Bermúdez Helga , Cruz-Hidalgo Oscar , Marín-Soto Fabiola , Guillén-Jiménez Ginnette
Published: October 2024

La presente investigación se centra en la implementación del estándar de catalogación RDA en el Sistema Nacional de Bibliotecas (SINABI) y el Sistema Bibliotecario de la Educación Superior Universitaria Estatal (SIBESE) de Costa Rica. Utilizando un enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo, que incluyó revisiones bibliográficas y encuestas a personal clave de centros catalográficos, se evaluó el avance y los desafíos en la adopción de RDA. Los resultados muestran un notable compromiso por parte de estas instituciones para actualizarse y adaptarse a las nuevas normas, a pesar de limitaciones en recursos tecnológicos y humanos. La implementación de RDA ha avanzado significativamente en la formación del personal y la actualización de las políticas de catalogación, aunque aún enfrenta desafíos relacionados con la infraestructura tecnológica y la resistencia al cambio. A medida que las bibliotecas continúan modernizándose, se espera que la adopción completa de RDA mejore significativamente la calidad de la descripción bibliográfica y el acceso a la información en los sistemas bibliotecarios costarricenses. Este diagnóstico subraya la importancia de un enfoque colaborativo y adaptativo en la implementación de estándares internacionales de catalogación, adaptándose a las necesidades específicas y recursos disponibles de cada institución. Se concluyó que la implementación de las RDA en Costa Rica es un proceso en evolución, buscando mejorar la calidad de la descripción bibliográfica y el acceso a la información.
Data base of Cognitive functions and their relation to balance and agility in athletes from differents sports branches
Authors: Özen Oruk Dilara , Bayar Kılıçhan , Saygın Özcan , Bayar Banu
Published: October 2024

Successful performance in each sport requires high ability in various features, including motor and perceptual-cognitive skills. This study aimed to compare the balance and agility in athletes from several sports branches to find out how cognitive functions relate to these parameters. Seventy-three individuals aged 18-30 were included in this prospective-descriptive study. In the assessment of cognition, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, d2 Test of Attention, and a Bassin Anticipation Timer Device were used. While Prokin-TecnoBody was used to measure the balance skills, Illinois Agility Test (IAT) was used for agility. IAT times showed positive weak correlations with both the absolute error-score (AES) at 8mph (r=0.260, p=0.040) and mediolateral balance score (ML)(r=0.255, p=0.043). While there was a negative weak correlation between AES at 3mph and anteroposterior score of balance (r=-0.267, p=0.035), we found positive weak correlation between AES at 8mph and ML of balance (r=0.253, p=0.046). It was found that the IAT scores of the sedentary group were significantly lower than athletes (p=0.000). According to AES at 3mph, there were significant differences between tennis players and both sedentary and volleyball players (p=0.008, p=0.002, respectively). When the AES at 8mph compared, the only statistically significant difference was between tennis players and sedentary (p=0.008). In conclusion, this study shows how cognitive functions, particularly coincidence anticipation timing (CAT), correlate with essential physical performance factors like agility and balance across different sport branches, suggesting that improving cognitive skills could enhance overall athletic performance and inform mental training strategies in sports. It is recommended that future sports science research focus on enhancing CAT through targeted training programs.
On the Multiplicity of Arrangements of Congruent Zones on the Sphere
Authors: Bezdek András , Fodor Ferenc , Vígh Viktor , Zarnócz Tamás
Published: October 2024

Consider an arrangement of 𝑛 congruent zones on the 𝑑-dimensional unit sphere 𝑆𝑑−1, where a zone is the intersection of an origin symmetric Euclidean plank with 𝑆𝑑−1. We prove that, for sufficiently large 𝑛, it is possible to arrange 𝑛 congruent zones of suitable width on 𝑆𝑑−1 such that no point belongs to more than a constant number of zones, where the constant depends only on the dimension and the width of the zones. Furthermore, we also show that it is possible to cover 𝑆𝑑−1 by 𝑛 congruent zones such that each point of 𝑆𝑑−1 belongs to at most 𝐴𝑑 ln 𝑛 zones, where the 𝐴𝑑 is a constant that depends only on 𝑑. This extends the corresponding 3-dimensional result of Frankl, Nagy and Naszódi [8]. Moreover, we also examine coverings of 𝑆𝑑−1 with congruent zones under the condition that each point of the sphere belongs to the interior of at most 𝑑 − 1 zones.
ADCMDES: Design of an augmented cross-domain collaborative recommendation model using novel distance metric and ensemble stratification
Authors: Hariyale Indu , Mukesh. M. Raghuwanshi
Published: October 2024

Collaborative recommendation involves leveraging information from one entity to suggest attributes of other entities through pattern analysis. These models are invaluable for understanding data behaviour’s impact on related entities. Researchers propose various pattern recognition and correlation models, employing distance metrics like Jaccard, Cosine, etc., to estimate correlations between user queries and recommendation datasets. However, these models become less efficient as dataset size increases due to exponential correlation estimation delays. To enhance scalability while retaining recommendation quality, a new approach is introduced: ADCMDES. This novel augmented cross-domain collaborative model employs a hybrid distance metric and ensemble stratification for dataset pruning. It operates semi-supervisedly, requiring information about the entities being collaborated upon. This data is used to cluster similar collaborative entities, producing a condensed cluster with greater relevancy to user queries. Utilizing word2vec, records are transformed into features for an ensemble classification engine. The resultant model categorizes user input, directing it to the most relevant cluster. Entries within this cluster are ranked using a hybrid metric amalgamating 18 distance measures, enhancing correlation between input queries and recommendations. In testing, ADCMDES exhibited 15% better accuracy, 8% better precision, 9% better recall, and 3% lower RMSE compared to standard models across datasets. While some delay is introduced due to ensemble classification and augmented feature pooling, this doesn't considerably affect long-term recommendation performance and can be mitigated through parallel processing and redundancy reduction techniques.
Deconstructing the Downward Spiral: Anthology as Coherence in the Book of Judges
Authors: Hurlbert Brandon M.
Published: October 2024

Many conceive of the shape of the book of Judges as a downward spiral with each leader getting worse, culminating in the horrific events of Judg 19–21. Proponents of this reading suggest that the judges can be evaluated by how closely they imitate their predecessors and the so-called judges cycle in Judg 2:11–19. In this article, I provide a historical survey to show that this interpretation originates during the literary turn in biblical studies and argues for a coherent literary reading in contrast to the source-critical approaches of the twentieth century. Since then, however, the downward spiral has become a cliché. Using eight tests, I argue that this reading is not substantiated through close textual analysis, and therefore Judges is better understood as a creatively curated anthology of stories set in a particular moral-literary world. The book demonstrates an ideological cohesion between the narratives but resists descriptions of linear progression along a particular theme (e.g., moral deterioration). Each of the main narratives (3:7–21:28) can be read on its own terms without the meaning being overdetermined by position or structure. Instead, Judges finds its narrative and ideological coherence through its anthology because each story is set within the same moral universe/narrative world.
OPTIMIZATION OF LOADING AND UNLOADING WORKS AND PLACEMENT OF TARED AND PIECE CARGOES IN VEHICLES AND WAREHOUSES USING THE METHODS OF ERGONOMICS AND THEORY OF SYSTEMS
Authors: ZAHORIANSKYI V. , MOROZ M. , KOROL S.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. The tasks of optimizing the placement of tared and piece cargoes (or the task of loading) in a limited volume (capacity) are typical for cases of loading with tared and piece cargoes (mainly large-sized) of transport containers, car bodies, ship holds in the merchant fleet, transport aircraft, railway wagons, areas of the warehouse complex. At the same time, the safe and efficient performance of loading and unloading operations with tared and piece cargoes, including large-sized ones, in a limited space is directly related to taking into account the requirements and using ergonomic methods. The purpose of this paper is to develop a mathematical model for the optimization of the placement of tared and piece cargoes (or about loading) in a limited volume (capacity), which is used to select a subset of cargo units with the maximum relative utility, while observing the limit on the total volume (or mass) of cargo. Methods. The analysis of literary sources made it possible to establish that for modeling and solving the problem of optimizing the placement of cargo (or loading) in a limited volume (capacity), it is rational to use one of the exact solution methods (dynamic programming method), the number of stages of which is the number of types of cargo. The work uses the method of dynamic programming, methods of theory of systems, and linear optimization. Results. The article presents a mathematical model of the problem of optimal placement of tared and piece cargoes (or about loading) in a limited volume, and for the case of placing weapons, ammunition, weapons, it is proposed to maximize not the function of the total cost (value) of the cargo, but the function that would take into account the relative usefulness of each cargo. The relative usefulness of each cargo is proposed to be determined by expert methods of systems theory, for example, the Delphi method, which is well formalized and suitable for computer processing of results. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty consists in the development of a mathematical model that allows solving the problem of optimal placement of container loads (or loading) in a limited volume, and the target function of the optimization model is proposed to be the total relative usefulness of the cargo. Practical significance. Defined ergonomic requirements for cargo operations with tared and piece cargoes in a limited space (vehicles, warehouses). A method of numerical calculation based on the model is proposed (the case of loading a car body with tared and piece cargoes). In further research, the obtained results will be used for computer simulation according to the developed model using the Solver tool of Microsoft Excel.
Research advances in the function and anti-aging effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide
Authors: Wang Min , Cao Yuan , Li Yun , Wang Lu , Liu Yuyan , Deng Zihui , Zhu Lianrong , Kang Hongjun
Published: October 2024

Aging and age-related ailments have emerged as critical challenges and great burdens within the global contemporary society. Addressing these concerns is an imperative task, with the aims of postponing the aging process and finding effective treatments for age-related degenerative diseases. Recent investigations have highlighted the significant roles of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in the realm of anti-aging. It has been empirically evidenced that supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) can elevate NAD+ levels in the body, thereby ameliorating certain age-related degenerative diseases. The principal anti-aging mechanisms of NMN essentially lie in its impact on cellular energy metabolism, inhibition of cell apoptosis, modulation of immune function, and preservation of genomic stability, which collectively contribute to the deferral of the aging process. This paper critically reviews and evaluates existing research on the anti-aging mechanisms of NMN, elucidates the inherent limitations of current research, and proposes novel avenues for anti-aging investigations.
Simulación de sistemas de engorde de bovinos en pastoreo en el trópico húmedo de Costa Rica en función de carga animal, nivel de melaza suplementaria y época del año
Authors: Hernández José Daniel , Ramírez Alberto , Pezo Danilo , Villanueva Cristóbal , Quiroz Roberto
Published: October 2024

Los sistemas silvopastoriles (SSP) son una alternativa sostenible para producir carne bovina en el trópico. En el presente estudio se obtuvieron ganancias diarias de peso (GDP) por animal de 0.64 kg en pasturas de Urochloa brizantha 'Toledo' + Arachis pintoi o U. decumbens sola, las que han persistido por más de 10 años, con cargas que van de 1.9 a 3.2 UA/ha (UA=400 kg PV) en ciclos de 10 meses. Los potreros tenían cercas vivas de Gliricidia sepium y árboles dispersos de Erythrina poeppigiana y Cordia alliodora. Se simuló el comportamiento observado con el modelo Life-Sim y se encontró que el promedio del error absoluto (MAE), para 25 comparaciones de GDP, fue de 0.056 kg. El suministro de melaza al 18.32% del consumo potencial de MS, aportó la energía requerida para un mejor aprovechamiento de la proteína contenida en el forraje consumido, alcanzando una GDP de 0.85 kg, pero su uso no resultó económicamente factible. Se evaluó, además, el efecto de la fluctuación de los precios de compra y venta de bovinos para la actividad de engorde a lo largo del año. El máximo margen bruto por animal correspondió al inicio del engorde en febrero (US$ 621), el mínimo para marzo (US$ 445) y la media anual fue US$ 544. Cuando se utilizaron los precios de los últimos 10 años, no se encontró diferencia entre los meses de inicio del engorde. Otros parámetros evaluados fueron consumo de N (139.66±3.88 g/animal/día); retención de N (25.60±0.58%); cantidad de N urinario (49.74±0.63 g/animal/día), y fecal (54.12±1.50 g/animal/día); y emisiones de CH4 (80.48±4.76 kg/año).
Experiencias de gestión cultural de la Universidad Nacional de Educación
Authors:   diana.pauta@unae.edu.ec, Pauta Ortiz Diana Patricia
Published: October 2024

La política es el arte de generar y promover acciones para el bienestar de la sociedad o para sectores particulares de ella. La cultura, por su parte, es el conjunto de valores que orientan el comportamiento de los individuos que en ella se forman. Como tal, la cultura nos dice cómo utilizar los medios e instrumentos que nos son propios, así como las organizaciones sociales que nos caracterizan. Estos son los productos culturales que identifican a cada sociedad. Podemos afirmar, entonces, que la acción cultural se hace concreta en la forma cómo actuamos, nos vestimos, nos comunicamos, nos relacionamos y cómo nos expresamos, entre otros aspectos culturales. En consecuencia, cuando hablamos de políticas culturales, hablamos de principios que orientan las iniciativas que han de tomarse para que la institución que la promueve facilite el ejercicio pleno de los valores éticos y estéticos que regulan las relaciones sociales y la manera cómo nos vemos unos a otros. La cultura nos une y nos caracteriza permitiendo reconocer nuestra identidad y desde ella promover un futuro para todos. “La cultura constituye un acto supremo de alteridad, que hace posible el encuentro dialogal entre los seres humanos para ir estructurando el sentido colectivo de su ser y estar en el mundo y en la vida” (Guerrero, 2002, p. 51).
Preferences for Male and Female Body Parameters and Characteristics of Sexual Dimorphism in Russians and Buryats
Authors:   Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostovtseva Victoria V. , Butovskaya Marina L. ,   Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian State University for the Humanities, Mezentseva Anna A. ,   Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2024

The aim of the present study was to investigate sexual dimorphism of body parameters in modern Russians and Buryats, and to assess its association with preferences for male and female body traits in these populations. Sex and population differences in height, muscle and bone mass, fat deposition and hand grip strength were assessed using direct measurements in Buryats (N = 182, Ulan-Ude city, Buryatia) and Russians (N = 181, Tula city) (age: 17-26 years). Mate preferences for sexual dimorphism in body height, muscularity, physical strength and fat deposition in Buryats (N = 182) and Russians (N = 340) of the same age were assessed by a survey developed by the authors. The results revealed that modern Buryats have lower body height and lower body and muscle mass than Russians. However, Buryats demonstrated higher sexual dimorphism of bone and muscle mass. Russian women had higher fat deposition compared to Buryat women, which corresponded to Russian male preferences. Mate preferences for sexual dimorphism in muscularity and physical strength did not correspond to actual degrees of sex differences in these parameters either in Russians or Buryats. Our results suggest these traits are not directly associated with intersexual attractiveness, and were selected for in other selection processes leading to high sexual dimorphism. Our results also revealed population differences in the integral perception of the male body attractiveness: Russian women demonstrated preferences for a male “masculine complex”. In contrast, Buryat preferences for various body parameters were almost not correlated with each other. The results are discussed in line with evolutionary theory. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
Interacción social en la creación grupal de futuros maestros/as de Educación Física
Authors: Canales-Lacruz Inma , Borges-Puntos Mónica
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este artículo de investigación consistió en analizar la interacción social — la negociación, la familiaridad, la implicación y el liderazgo— originada en el proceso de creación grupal denominado “La voz del rehén”. Participaron 60 estudiantes —26 mujeres y 34 hombres— con una media de 21,74 ± 2,665. Pertenecían al grado de Magisterio de Educación Primaria, mención de Educación Física, de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Zaragoza (España). Los estudiantes se dividieron en ocho equipos creativos para desarrollar un proyecto interdisciplinar físico artístico-expresivo que englobaba cuatro asignaturas de la mención. Se utilizó el grupo de discusión para recoger los datos y posteriormente se aplicó su análisis de contenido. Se utilizó el Nvivo 11 para el tratamiento de datos. Los resultados mostraron: (a) una generalizada falta de implicación grupal entre los miembros de los equipos creativos; (b) la falta de implicación grupal generó insatisfacción y desilusión por el proyecto creativo.
Prácticas directivas bajo el modelo de Comunidades Profesionales de Aprendizaje
Authors: Peña-Ruz Marcela Andrea , Armengol Asparó Carme
Published: October 2024

El liderazgo en el ámbito educativo ha sido ampliamente estudiado, en especial, su influencia en los resultados de aprendizaje de estudiantes y el desarrollo profesional docente. El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar las prácticas que directores(as) realizan en el marco del fortalecimiento de la colaboración docente y su vinculación con el modelo de Comunidades Profesionales de Aprendizaje (CPA). Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con estrategia de estudio de casos múltiples en cuatro centros educativos públicos chilenos. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a directores(as) y se formaron grupos de discusión con docentes y equipos directivos. Según los resultados, las principales prácticas efectuadas corresponden a reforzar los liderazgos distribuidos, considerando además la ampliación de niveles de participación. Asimismo, se observa la gestión de cambio y la generación de espacios de aprendizaje colectivo entre docentes como factores relevantes que permiten el desarrollo profesional.
Dimensiones de la argumentación metacognitiva en estudiantes de Enfermería en un escenario de simulación clínica
Authors: Vargas-Toloza Ruby Elizabeth , Menjura-Escobar María Inés
Published: October 2024

En este artículo de investigación se presentan los resultados parciales de un estudio más amplio, realizado con el propósito de reconocer las dimensiones de la argumentación metacognitiva en estudiantes de Enfermería en un escenario de simulación clínica. La investigación se enmarca en un enfoque cualitativo de carácter inductivo, con un alcance comprensivo, con la participación de diez estudiantes de dicho programa, de una institución de educación superior del sector público. La recolección de la información se llevó a cabo a través de casos clínicos y cuestionarios y el análisis de la información se apoyó en la teoría fundamentada. Los resultados describen tres dimensiones de la argumentación metacognitiva: clínico-disciplinar, ética y sociocultural, así como las reflexiones por los participantes durante la planeación, monitoreo y evaluación. La dimensión clínico-disciplinar evidencia el proceso de análisis y reflexión de los estudiantes para argumentar la defensa de su postura, a través de la identificación del problema, la descripción de las acciones de tratamiento soportados en la revisión de la literatura, para justificar y tener mayor seguridad durante la planeación y monitoreo de sus argumentos. La dimensión ética implicó la reflexión crítica, consulta con expertos y mayor revisión sobre el tema con el fin de orientar el análisis y la argumentación basada en valores, principios y códigos de ética. La dimensión sociocultural se expresó en la toma de decisiones que dependía de las necesidades espirituales humanas que dan sentido y significado a la vida, junto con las representaciones sociales sobre los valores religiosos, las creencias y las prácticas relacionadas con la salud y enfermedad