bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Malignant teratoma of the nasal cavity
Authors: Petrovich Zbigniew , Wollman Jerome , Acquarelli Mario , Barton Richard
Published: February 2007

A case of malignant teratoma of the nasal cavity in an adult is presented. Histologically, the tumor consisted of mesenchymal malignant structures in addition to entodermal and ectodermal malignant elements. Whereas surgical treatment of the primary tumor has been generally considered preferred, this patient was given a full course of radiation therapy alone to the primary lesion. There is no clinical evidence of tumor 5 years following diagnosis.

Three years following treatment of the primary tumor, neck lymph node metastasis appeared contralaterally. Management of this problem was with radical neck dissection followed by postoperative radiotherapy. Function of the eyes, nose, and paranasal sinuses remains normal. A review of the literature suggests that radiotherapy is of little value in the management of malignant teratomas. This case demonstrates an opposite point of view.
Responsiveness to endocrine manipulations in breast cancer after “prophylactic” castration
Authors: Kaufman Richard , Salem Philip , Wittes Robert E.
Published: February 2007

Two hundred and one cases of premenopausal women with breast cancer who underwent prophylactic castration with subsequent recurrence were reviewed to ascertain the degree of responsiveness of these patients to subsequent endocrine manipulation. We show that the standard endocrine manipulations, particularly the major ablations, retain a fair degree of activity in this group. There is a suggestion that the longer the castration‐recurrence interval, the higher the chance of a response, but the difference is significant only for osseous‐dominant disease. As in other patient groups, responders to subsequent endocrine manipulations live longer than nonresponders.
Paget's disease of the breast
Authors: Freund H. , Maydovnik M. , Laufer N. , Durst A. L.
Published: February 2007

Twenty‐nine histologically verified cases of Paget's disease of the breast treated at the Hadassah University Hospital in the years 1949–1972 were followed up and analyzed. Dividing this material into two groups according to the presence or absence of a palpable breast tumor revealed significant difference in behavior and survival. Patients with a breast mass (34%) had a 50% axillary lymph node involvement and behaved as with any other ordinary breast cancer, with a 5‐year survival rate of 40% and a 10‐year survival rate of 33%. Patients with no palpable breast mass (66%) had only a 10.5% lymph node involvement, the 5‐year survival rate being 94% and the 10‐year survival rate being 91%. Delay in diagnosis seems to play no significant factor in survival rates and outcome. We believe radical mastectomy to be the treatment of choice in all cases of Paget's disease of the breast.
Increased effect of a transmissible entity on the control of cancer in C3 H/St mice
Authors: Strong Leonell C. , Matsunaga Henry
Published: February 2007

Three hundred and seventy‐one mice of the C3H/St inbreds bearing spontaneous tumors of mammary gland origin have been used in this experiment. All mice studied were lineal descendents of a tumorbearing mouse which had been injected with a liver extract. In this descent there appears to be a transmissible entity presumably induced by the injection of the liver extract.

Following 15 generations of inbreeding after the appearance of a transmissible entity, a second sudden reversal of effect on cancer growth in mice has been indicated.

This change has progressively altered the growth of cancer from a very low effect to a maximal effect, i.e., to a complete regression of a high percentage of the tumor.

The maximal effect of the transmissible entity is the complete suppression of the growth of cancer during, at least, through the 25th period of observation, thus producing negative values of tumor growth.

All these effects of the growth and fate of spontaneous tumors of mammary gland origin in mice have been obtained in a single lineal descent of C3H/St inbreds without resorting to any outcross.
Failure of mice infected with Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV‐A) to develop splenic colonies
Authors: Bergson Alan , Lobue Joseph , Fredrickson Torgny N. , Gordon Albert S.
Published: February 2007

A progressive increase occurs in the CFU‐S/106 spleen cells with the development of RLV‐A‐induced erythroleukemia. In addition, alteration of the spleen by the RLV‐A appears to prevent the seeding and development of spleen colonies in infected mice.
The treatment of gastric cancer with combined surgical resection and chemotherapy
Authors: Franz Jerry L. , Cruz A. B.
Published: February 2007

A series of 156 patients with gastric cancer during a 15‐year period were reviewed retrospectively to determine the effectiveness of combined surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The patients were divided into a 9‐year prechemotherapy period and a 6‐year chemotherapy period. Review of the data revealed an increase in the incidence of distant disease. The utilization of surgery as the only mode of treatment declined. Combination surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy utilization increased. Comparison of survival for surgery vs. adjuvant chemotherapy, expressed as percentage of survivors for each year, revealed an increase at 1 and 2 years with no difference at 3 years for all stages. A similar comparison for patients with regional spread showed an increase at 1,2, and 3 years with no difference thereafter. The 5‐year survival was 5% for both groups. The data has suggested that surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy increases 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year survival rates but does not affect the longterm results.
Oral cancer in puerto rico
Authors: Fischman Stuart L. , Martinez Isidro
Published: February 2007

All cancer cases diagnosed in Puerto Rico are analyzed and registered in the Central Cancer Registry. The incidence of oral cancer in Puerto Rico is fourth‐highest in the world. (In 1972 oral cancer accounted for 72% of all cancers in males in Puerto Rico.) A review of the data revealed important contrasts with reported statistics from the continental United States (e.g., 75.6% of the cases in Puerto Rico were initially treated by radiation, compared with 15.3% of the cases in Western New York State).
Lymphocyte blastogenic responses to allogeneic leukocytes and autochthonous tumor cells in colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Jubert Andrév. , Talbott Timothy M. , Mazier W. Patrick , Mackeigan John M. , Campos Manuel M. , Muldoon James P. , Benjamin Howard E. , Ferguson James A. , Bowman Harold E.
Published: February 2007

The blastogenic reactivity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes (LNL) against normal allogeneic leukocytes and autochthonous colorectal carcinoma cells is evaluated in 36 patients, and correlated with the patients' Dukes classification. Mesenteric LNL react significantly better than PBL to allogeneic leukocytes in both Dukes B and C (p < 0.05). There are too few patients in Dukes A and D to permit statistical evaluation, but the trend is the same. By contrast, LNL fail to react to autochthonous tumor cells in all classes, except in a few Dukes B patients. The proportion of PBL reactivity to autochthonous tumor cells seems to increase for Dukes C and D. It is possible that specific lymphocyte reactivity in colorectal carcinoma may be related to the antigenicity and immunogenicity of the tumor.
Survival of patients with carcinoma of breast without lymph node metastases in relation to the tumor types
Authors: Malinin Theodore I. , Lumb George D.
Published: February 2007

Carcinoma of breast radical mastectomy specimens were examined. The tumors were classified in accordance with their morphologic appearance. The tumors were also graded on the basis of their cytological makeup and assigned a cytologic malignancy score (CMS). While the classification of tumors was based on the overall pattern of the tumor, the CMS was arrived at by examining the least differentiated portion of the tumor. The following conclusions were suggested by the study: Patients with tumors with high CMS have a poor prognosis, even in the absence of axillary lymph node metastases. It appears reasonable to suggest that patients without overt metastases, but with high CMS, should be considered for treatment with all therapeutic measures available. Such an aggressive approach to patients with low CMS does not appear to be justified.
Lymphoblastogenesis inhibitory factor produced by human lung cancer cell lines
Authors: Han Tin , Minowada Jun
Published: February 2007

A comparative study of the inhibitory effect of cell‐free supernatants (CFS) from human lung cancer cell lines (ChaGo and PC‐1) and from a human embryo fibroblast cell line on lymphocyte blastogenesis indicates that both lung cancer cell lines produce a large amount of the inhibitory factor while the production of such a factor from a control noncancer cell line is essentially very minimal or absent. The inhibitory effect of CFS of the lung cancer cell lines is not due to direct cytotoxicity. The inhibitory effect is found to be partially sensitive to heat treatment. A significant inhibition is still seen, even when the CFS of the lung cancer cell lines were present for 1 hour prior to the addition of phytohemagglutinin (PHA).
Inhibitory effects of xenogeneic antiserum on the growth of Moloney virus‐induced sarcomas
Authors: Pierce George E.
Published: February 2007

An antiserum was developed in rabbits by injections of a virus concentrate from Moloney murine sarcomas. Passive transfer of this antiserum attenuated the growth of both primary and transplanted Moloney murine sarcomas. It also facilitated tumor regression and increased survival times of young mice with primary Moloney sarcomas.
Current status of the therapy of advanced renal carcinoma
Authors: Hrushesky William J. , Murphy Gerald P.
Published: February 2007

A preclinical murine renal tumor model system is available for evaluation of the effectiveness of therapeutic agents. Clinical review reveals that objective response rates to hormonal agents reported since 1971 have been substantially lower than those reported prior to 1971. Many chemotherapeutic agents have not been adequately evaluated clinically or with the experimental model. Vinblastine to date may be the most active single agent with a 25% objective response rate. At the present time, it is uncertain whether combination chemotherapy or hormonal chemotherapy add to response rates obtained with single agents. There is some evidence that immunotherapy may be of some adjuvant benefit and, thus, may provide an additional avenue of investigation.
Metastatic choriocarcinoma of the nasal mucosa
Authors: Salimi Rahmatullah
Published: February 2007

A patient with a chief complaint of epestaxis coughed persistently during her visit to the emergency room. Questioning revealed she also had vaginal bleeding and occasional bloody sputum. Gynecological examination, a Pap smear, and pathological evaluation showed choriocarcinoma. A chest X ray disclosed metastatic pulmonary choriocarcinoma. An ENT examination was carried out and showed a suspected area in the nasal mucosa which was bleeding. A Pap smear and biopsy taken from the suspected area also revealed choriocarcinoma.
The effect of surgical removal of a rat sarcoma on lymphocyte cytotoxicity
Authors: Rogers Galen W. , Miller Elizabeth E. , Rosato Francis E. , Rosato Ernest F.
Published: February 2007

The effect of surgical removal of tumors on cytotoxicity reactions was studied in Lewis‐Wister inbred rats bearing a transplantable methylcholanthrene‐induced sarcoma (MCI). Lymphocyte cytotoxicity and the effect of the serum in blocking (decreasing) or potentiating (increasing) lymphocyte cytotoxicity were studied using MCI tissue culture cells, prelabeled with 3H‐proline, as target cells. After surgical removal of the tumors, tumor nodules were again palpable in all rats by the seventh day after surgery and regrew at an accelerated rate. In control rats bearing the MCI sarcoma, serum blocking activity appeared between the 8th and 13th days and completely inhibited lymphocyte cytotoxicity until death of the animals. Surgical removal of the tumors resulted in a decrease in lymphocyte cytotoxicity and complete absence of serum blocking activity for at least 7 days. By the 13th day, when tumors were again growing rapidly, lymphocyte cytotoxicity had increased markedly, and blocking activity again appeared in the serum.
Adjuvant role of radiation in soft tissue sarcoma in adults
Authors: Hintz Brace L. , Charyulu Komanduri K. N. , Miller Wallace E. , Sudarsanam Anam
Published: February 2007

Forty‐seven patients with soft tissue sarcomas were analyzed retrospectively. Treatment was nonrandomized between surgery alone, preoperative radiation of 5,000 rads/5 weeks, postoperative radiation of 6,000 rads/6 weeks following total gross tumor removal, and postoperative radiation (variable doses) for residual gross or unresectable tumor. Preoperative radiation was not statistically better for local control or survival compared to postoperative radiation after local excision of gross tumor. Wide excision, higher postoperative radiation dosage, and/or enlarged radiation portals perhaps would improve results. Additional adjuvant therapies, such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy, need to be investigated.
Chemoimmunotherapy of a murine fibrosarcoma: Critical factors for success of combined modality therapy
Authors: Lundy Joel , Lovett Edmund J. , Hinchliffe Darlene , Schor Mark
Published: February 2007

Thiabendazole (TBZ), a new nonspecific immunopotentiator, was evaluated in combination with Cytoxan in the therapy of a syngeneic murine fibrosarcoma. The reduction of tumor burden by chemotherapy was critical in achieving an optimal response from immunotherapy. Eighty‐eight percent of the mice that responded to Cytoxan had sustained regression of tumor with TBZ treatment. The response to TBZ was markedly diminished, both in duration and magnitude, in the mice considered to be Cytoxan nonresponders.

Timing of immunotherapy was also important. If Cytoxan and TBZ were given simultaneously, growth kinetics similar to those observed with Cytoxan alone were observed. However, if TBZ was given 4 days after Cytoxan administration, prolonged regression of tumor was seen.

Alone, TBZ was most effective at a dose of 20 mg/kg. However, in combination with Cytoxan the most effective dose was 0.2 mg/kg. The implications of this finding are discussed.
Histopathological study of regional lymph nodes in osteosarcoma
Authors: Shrikhande S. S. , Rao R. S.
Published: February 2007

This paper presents the histological appearance of the lymph nodes in cases of osteogenic sarcoma of the limb bones. The nodes were studied for the degree of sinus histiocytosis. Cases with no sinus histiocytosis showed a poor prognosis while cases with moderate to marked sinus histiocytosis showed a better rate of survival. Since the regional lymph nodes play an important part in the immunological process, preservation of regional nodes is suggested.
X‐ray exposure and premature aging
Authors: Bertell Rosalie
Published: February 2007

An hypothesis of an aging effect of exposure to ionizing radiation in humans is proposed and given precise mathematical expression. The assumption is made that the biological changes which occur when humans are exposed to ionizing radiation from medical x ray are comparable to those occuring through the natural aging process, since both factors are known to increase the relative risk of nonlymphatic leukemia. This assumption focuses on this one aspect of aging only. The hypothesis that aging and exposure to ionizing radiation are comparable for increasing the relative risk of nonlymphatic leukemia is tested against the data from the Tri‐State Leukemia Survey. It is shown to explain the data in a statistically acceptable way, giving an estimate of 1 rad skin dose exposure to the trunk as comparable to 1 year natural aging. This research raises further questions concerning the effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and presents a new methodology by which these questions may be researched.
Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary and alpha fetoprotein: A case report
Authors: Thomas James H. , Panoussopoulos Dimitrios G. , Jewell William R.
Published: February 2007

Yolk sac tumors of the ovary are associated with elevations in serum levels of alpha fetoprotein (AFP). Thus, an antigenic marker is provided for evaluating therapeutic results in selected patients. A patient with a pure endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary is presented who underwent serial determinations of AFP. The effectiveness and limitations of serial AFP levels as demonstrated by this case are discussed in addition to the surgical and chemotherapeutic management of patients with yolk sac tumor of the ovary.
Decreased incidence of renal tumors in DMN treated Balb/C mice after orchiectomy
Authors: Noronha Reynold F. X.
Published: February 2007

Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) induced a significant incidence (45.5%) of kidney epithelial tumors in adult male Balb/C mice. The proportion of mice with renal tumors orchiectomized after DMN injection was reduced to 25.6%; whereas the proportion of tumor bearing animals at other sites, such as lung, liver, and lymphatic tissue, increased compared to intact DMN treated animals and controls. This experiment confirms other studies in rats and mice showing that androgens play a role in initiation and progression of nitrosamine induced renal cancer, paralleling the finding of increased male susceptibility in human renal cancer.
Acinic cell tumor of the palate
Authors: Deutsch Harold L. , Millard D. Ralph
Published: February 2007

A rare acinic cell carcinoma of the soft palate is reported and its potential for recurrence and metastasis discussed. A wide ablation created a speech‐crippling defect that was reconstructed with an island flap from the opposite side and a pharyngeal flap for nasal lining and an island flap from the same side for oral cover. Speech is again normal.
Radical mastectomy for operable breast cancer
Authors: Freund H. , Durst A. L. , Grover N. B. , Komissar G. , Peterburg I. , Saltz N. J.
Published: February 2007

The experience with radical mastectomy in the treatment of 152 cases of operable breast cancer at the Hadassah University Hospital has been analyzed. An overall 5 year survival of 75% and a 10 year survival of 62% are reported and compared with results from other methods of treatment. Based on the excellent survival rates achieved and the low incidence of local recurrence (9.8%), the present study suggests that radical mastectomy is still the most suitable surgical procedure in the treatment of operable breast cancer.
The role of stress factors in the postoperative course of patients with rectal cancer
Authors: Genzdilov A. V. , Alexandrin G. P. , Simonov N. N. , Evtjuhin A. I. , Bobrov U. F.
Published: February 2007

The authors studied 82 patients with rectal cancer who underwent radical surgical treatment at the N. N. Petrov Oncological Research Institute of the Ministry of Health of the USSR in 1974–1975. They defined the markedness of patients' psychogenic disturbances in the pre‐ and postoperative period and measured the level of catecholamines in urine and that of 11‐oxycorticosteroids in blood. The findings showed the highest frequency of postoperative complications (68%) in the group of patients who evidenced severe psychic reactions when they were admitted to the clinic. These data correlated with a higher level of catecholamines in the urine and of 11‐oxycorticosteroids in the blood before surgery, and with a marked decrease of catecholamine exeretion on the sixth day after the operation. This may indicate sympathetic‐adrenal system exhaustion and play a certain part in the development of postoperative complications.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: A study of 153 cases
Authors: Takita Hiroshi , Vincent Ronald G. , Caicedo Victor , Gutierrez Alberto C.
Published: February 2007

The incidence of esophageal carcinoma in the United States is relatively low; total estimated cases annually are about 7,000 (Ca, 1975). The overall cure rate, however, is about the worst among all the malignant diseases and is reported to be 3% (Ca, 1975).

We reviewed cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus treated at Roswell Park Memorial Institute to understand the clinicopathologic features in order to improve our therapeutic results.
Serum polyamine alterations in surgical patients with colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Nishioka Kenji , Romsdahl Marvin M. , McMurtrey Marion J.
Published: February 2007

Polyamines, by virtue of their regulatory role in the cellular synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein, are potential indicators of malignant growth. In view of this, serum polyamine levels of patients with colorectal carcinoma or benign bowel disease were examined. Of 53 patients with colorectal carcinoma, 35 (66%) showed elevations of 1 or more polyamines. Nine patients with benign bowel disease (villous adenoma, Gardner's syndrome, familial polyposis, and diverticulitis) showed normal serum polyamine levels except 1 patient with a villous adenoma. Patients with colorectal carcinoma were designated stage A, B, C, or D depending on the progression of their disease. All patients classified as D showed elevation of 1 or more polyamines. Serum polyamines became elevated following surgery in patients with colorectal carcinoma as well as those with benign bowel diseases, suggesting a relationship to the surgical procedure. Preliminary longitudinal studies of patients with colorectal carcinoma (B stage) undergoing curable surgical procedures show normal polyamine levels and no evidence of disease at 15 months.
Estrogen receptor levels in hormonally progressive mammary tumors
Authors: Bronn Donald G. , Kim Untae , Divecchia Loretta , Kibbey William E. , Minton John P.
Published: February 2007

Tumor samples from 4 different stages of hormonal progression in the MT‐W9 series of rat mammary tumors were analyzed for estrogen receptors by the dextran‐coated charcoal method in order to further explore the clinical implications of the estrogen receptor assay. The findings indicate that although the presence of estrogen receptors is not an exclusive characteristic of hormonal dependency, their absence is indicative of a later stage of hormonal progression which might be of more immediate clinical consequence because hormonally autonomous tumors have faster growth rates than hormonally dependent tumors. It is also suggested that it may be necessary to initiate chemotherapy as an adjuvant to endocrine therapy for metastatic breast cancer patients with hormonally dependent tumors in order to avoid the eventual proliferation of hormonally autonomous tumor cells which are present in hormonally dependent tumors.
Nonsurgical treatment of pelvic rhabdomyosarcoma: A case report
Authors: Brecher Martin L. , Freeman Arnold I. , Thomas P. R. M. , Sinks Lucius F.
Published: February 2007

A 2 ½‐year‐old male child with rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate was treated with radiation to the pelvis, consisting of 5,600 rads in 7 ½ weeks, and combination chemotherapy of Vincristine and Actinomycin D. Surgery had been refused. The child is alive and disease‐free more than 5 years after diagnosis, and over 2 years following the cessation of all therapy. Recent advances in radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy have significantly improved the outlook in this aggressive childhood neoplasm and have made a less aggressive and less mutilating surgical approach often desirable. This, in turn, holds out the prospect of improved quality of survival in children so afflicted.
Cryosurgical treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts
Authors: Oeseburg Harry B. , Rogge Carl W. L. , Koops Heimen Schraffordt , Oldhoff Jan
Published: February 2007

An aneurysmal bone cyst is a benign, locally aggressive bone process which frequently recurs after excochleation. Excochleation can be extended without loss of bone tissue by making use of cryosurgery. This combined technique was used in the treatment of 5 patients, without complications. None of the patients described had a demonstrable recurrence 12–60 (average 35) months after this combined therapy.
The usefulness of pretreatment DNCB in 85 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract
Authors: Gilbert Harvey A. , Kagan A. Robert , Miles John , Flores Luis , Nussbaum Herman , Rao Aroor R. , Chan Paul
Published: February 2007

Pretreatment DNCB skin testing and absolute lymphocyte counts were studied in 85 consecutive head and neck cancer patients. All patients were treated primarily with radiation therapy alone or combined radiation plus surgery. The results of DNCB testing and absolute lymphocyte counts were not sufficiently predictive of outcome, (no evidence of disease after 2 years) to be useful in making treatment decisions on an individual patient. This applied to the good prognosis (T1, T2, N0‐N3) and poor prognosis (T3, T4, N0‐N3) groups.
Response of intramuscular walker 256 rat tumor to sustained‐release cyclophosphamide and ara‐c capsules
Authors: Fu J. C. , Moyer D. L. , Cuevas J. , Cummings L. , Eaton A. , Elshire D.
Published: February 2007

Randomly bred Sprague‐Dawley rats with the intramuscular form of Walker 256 tumor growing in the right thigh region were treated with sustained‐release cyclophosphamide capsules as well as with cytosine arabinoside capsules. A disk‐shaped capsule was implanted subcutaneously adjacent to the tumor mass. Tumor regression, weight gain, and prolongation of lifespan were observed in animals treated with cyclophosphamide capsules of 10 mg or 20 mg total drug content each. However, the Walker 256 intramuscular tumor did not respond to ARA‐C capsules implanted, and the animals died at the same rate as the controls, with large ulcerated tumor masses and some metastasis. The in vitro diffusion data of ARA‐C capsules is shown. Gross and histological changes associated with cyclophosphamide administered in this manner are reported.
Anal carcinoma: Basic concepts and management
Authors: Hintz Brace L. , Charyulu Komanduri K. N. , Sudarsanam Anam
Published: February 2007

Surgery has been the mainstay in the management of anal carcinoma. However, anal carcinomas are reasonably sensitive to ionizing radiation. By appropriate combinations of external radiation beams and interstitial implantation techniques, curative therapy with preservation of anal continence can be rendered by radiation alone. Sufficient radiation dose to the draining lymph nodes, both intraabdominal and inguinal, along with intensified dose to the primary lesions, is required for high cure and low complication rates.
Effect of surgery on granulocyte/macrophage colony‐stimulating factor
Authors: Reines Howard D. , Foster Roger S.
Published: February 2007

Eighteen surgical patients were studied to determine the effect of anesthesia (general or spinal) and surgery on serum and urinary colony‐stimulating factor(s) (CSF). CSF is a leukopoietin that stimulates proliferation of macrophages and granulocytes from bone marrow precursor cells. CSF was assayed by adding aliquots of serum or urine to semisolid agar cultures of bone marrow cells and scoring the number of colonies developing after 7 days of incubation. In all but 1 case, a 3‐ to 30‐fold increase in the 24 hour excretion of urinary CSF was seen on the day of surgery and the first postoperative day. CSF urinary excretion began declining toward normal by the second postoperative day. A parallel increase in granulocyte count, a delayed rise in monocytes, and a decline in absolute lymphocyte counts were also observed.

The data suggest that immediately postoperatively there may be a strong stimulus to granulocyte/macrophage proliferation. More rapidly proliferating cells would be anticipated to have increased vulnerability to toxicity from cell cycle‐active chemotherapeutic agents.
Lung resection for metastatic osteogenic sarcoma
Authors: Huang Ming N. , Takita Hiroshi , Douglass Harold O.
Published: February 2007

Osteogenic sarcoma, excluding the paraosteal osteosarcoma, has a grave prognosis, half of the patients dying within 1 year following ablative surgery of the primary lesion. Once pulmonary metastasis is detected, most patients do not survive more than 3 years. Various attempts by investigators to prolong patient survival, including surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and combined modalities, have met with some success. This report is a summary of 13 patients who underwent lung resections and received adjuvant chemo‐ and/or immunotherapy for metastatic osteogenic sarcoma in our institute in the past 7 years.
Larynx cancer: A therapeutic policy at the Madras cancer institute
Authors: Rangakumar G. , Shanta V.
Published: February 2007

We studied 145 cases of larynx cancer in relation to their etiology, methods of treatment, and results. It was found that better results were obtained with a combination of radiotherapy and surgery. Any postradiational edema of the larynx should subside within 3 months. If this edema persists or progresses, it always means residual disease in the submucosal plane. We have now improved our results by using intravenous Bleomycin concurrently.
Alveolar soft part sarcoma
Authors: Wobbes T.
Published: February 2007

This paper presents the case history of a 22‐year‐old woman with an alveolar soft part sarcoma of the scapular region. Treatment consisted of resection. Cytostatic medication with adriamycin and dacarbazine (DTIC) failed to prevent rapid general metastatic growth.
Angiographic features in tubular‐papillary adenocarcinoma of the kidney
Authors: Choi S. , Bae C.
Published: February 2007

Angiography and nephrotomography are essential in evaluation of avascular or hypovascular space occupying lesions of the kidney. Ultrasound adds another dimension in differentiating solid from cystic masses. Two cases of tubular‐papillary adenocarcinoma were reported. Their angiographic findings consisted of a few neovascularities. Nephrotomography and ultrasonography in the second case showed a solid mass.
An evaluation of the surgical management of melanoma of the brain
Authors: Bremer Alfonso M. , West Charles R. , Didolkar Mukund S.
Published: February 2007

Thirty‐two patients with histologically proved metastatic malignant melanoma of the brain were evaluated. Intracranial surgery was performed in 19 and was considered not indicated in 13 patients. Following intracranial surgery, satisfactory improvement in neurologic deficits was observed in 14 (74%) patients. The median survival after occurrence of brain metastases was 5–6 months (1 – 15 months) for the surgical group; and for the nonsurgical group, patients with multiple brain metastases and multiple visceral involvement did not survive beyond a median of 1 month (range 0.5–6 months). Intratumor hemorrhage with substantial intracerebral hematoma was present in 7 (41%) out of 17 craniotomies. The overall incidence of intratumor hemorrhage found at autopsy was 59% for the entire series. Among ail the cases with intratumor hemorrhage, only 2 patients who received chemotherapy after craniotomy developed thrombocytopenia with fatal intracranial hemorrhage. The latter cause‐and‐effect correlation could not be assessed in the other patients.

As a result of this retrospective study, we have observed that patients with malignant melanoma and evidence of single brain metastasis without multiple visceral involvement seemed to benefit more from palliative surgery. Moreover, intratumor hemorrhage was a frequent occurrence and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient with malignant melanoma and rapid deterioration of neurologic deficits.
Intermittent occlusion of the abdominal aorta: A conceptual approach in treating below‐diaphragm tumors (a preliminary report)
Authors: Pascal Oscar , Wajsman Zew , Jennings E. C.
Published: February 2007

A modified form of tumor strangulation as a possible treatment modality is considered. Intermittent intra‐aortic occlusion by means of specially designed catheters and equipment is described. As a preliminary feasibility study, occlusion in non‐tumor‐bearing animals has begun, with projection for future human cases anticipated. Theoretical concepts of substances from the occlusion process resulting in cure and specific immunity in experimental animals are evaluated, and the belief in the development of modified antigens and antibodies as a consequence of restriction of a growing tumor's proliferating blood supply is discussed.
Preliminary observations on the use of corynebacterium parvum in patients with primary intracranial tumors: Effect on intracranial pressure
Authors: Selker Robert G. , Wolmark Norman , Fisher Bernard , Moore Pearl
Published: February 2007

It has been observed that patients with metastatic brain lesions developed neurologic symptoms when given Corynebacterium parvum. To obtain more information in patients with intracranial mass lesions, intracranial pressures (ICP) were measured or observed in six patients undergoing C. parvum therapy.

All patients except two (one previously shunted, one recently operated) demonstrated a profound increase in ICP. It is presumed that either edema is formed within brain and tumor tissue (inasmuch as neurologic deterioration has not been observed in patients without an intracranial lesion) or transient increases in cerebral blood flow adversely alter an already compromised intracranial volume. Surgical decompression of tumor volume or use of Lasix® may abort this response to C. parvum infusion.
Three mice, two blind
Authors: Strong Leonell C.
Published: February 2007

In a closed colony of approximately one million mice which had been rigidly pedigreed (brother to sister) from a few original mice, three unusual mice have appeared. These three have obviously deviated from what would be expected according to the accepted laws of inbreeding geneity. Thus three unexpected incidences of increased variability have occurred three times in addition to the occasional appearance of new mutations (approximately one in 26,000 mice).

The first mouse developed a sudden increase in susceptibility to spontaneous tumors of mammary origin. She became the mother of the well‐known C family used extensively in cancer research.

The second mouse clearly exhibited, among clear‐cut altered biological characteristics, several somatic mutations, thus indicating an unstable genetic condition.

The third mouse developed a highly significant capacity to regress and eliminate spontaneous tumor tissue.

The conclusion is reached that unstable biological states arise occasionally during the process of inbreeding.
Surgical adjuvant immunotherapy for colorectal cancer
Authors: Enker Warren E. , Jacobitz Janet L. , Craft Karen , Wissler Robert W.
Published: February 2007

One hundred forty‐four Wistar‐Furth rats in 12 therapeutic groups have been studied in a long‐term comparison of the effectiveness of nonspecific immunotherapy with MER (methanol extraction residue) vs active‐specific immunotherapy with neuraminidase‐modified tumor cells. Six months after surgical adjuvant immunotherapy a 100% improvement in survival was achieved with MER immunotherapy compared to untreated control animals. In addition, the use of MER enhanced the value of active‐specific immunotherapy where both modalities were combined in sequence. The predicted value of MER‐BCG (Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin) for the immunotherapy of solid tumors was borne out by these results suggesting that present ongoing clinical trials of MER as adjuvant therapy for large bowel cancer should prove to be successful if properly controlled. The pattern of survival in these experiments suggests that surgical adjuvant immunotherapy is cytostatic rather than cytocidal, and implies the need for long‐term, repeated immunizations.
Leiomyosarcomas of the extremities: Angiography as a diagnostic aid
Authors: Park Jung Ja , Park Hyung Chan , Choi Sung H.
Published: February 2007

Thirteen cases of leiomyosarcomas of the extremities are reported. Most of the cases were operated on without information concerning benignancy or malignancy. Plain radiographs showed amorphous calcification in two cases. Three cases had angiographic study and all revealed malignant neovascularity. In no literature that we reviewed was angiography mentioned in the cases of leiomyosarcomas of the extremities. Venography alone has been done in many reported cases. The leiomyosarcoma of the extremities looks often benign but is notorious for local recurrences and distant metastases.
Chromosomal evidence for the transplantability of the shay chloroleukemia
Authors: Derelanko M. J. , Moorthy A. S. , Lobue J. , Meagher R. C. , Gordon A. S. , Mitra J. , Fredrickson T. N.
Published: February 2007

Chloroma cells, which were shown to contain the X and Y chromosomes, were used to induce Shay chloroleukemia (SCL) in female recipients. Karyotype analyses of leukemic myeloblasts which appeared in the peripheral blood of the female recipients during blast crisis demonstrated invariably the presence of the X and Y chromosomes. These results directly demonstrate that transmission of SCL is the result of donor cell colonization and therefore SCL can be considered a true transplantable leukemia. Reports by other workers of viral association with this dissease are discussed in light of our results.
Pancreas cancer — duct cell adenocarcinoma: Survival in relation to site, size, stage and type of therapy
Authors: Cubilla Antonio L. , Fitzgerald Patrick J. , Fortner Joseph G.
Published: February 2007

The records of 508 patients with cancer of the pancreas admitted to Memorial Hospital in New York from 1949 through 1972 were examined. Ten distinctive morphological types were delineated and the pathological features and response to various modes of therapy of the most common type — duct adenocarcinoma — were studied in 380 patients. Median survival was related to: the site of the cancer — it was longer with tumors of the head than those of the body or tail; the size of the tumor — cancers smaller than 3 cm were associated with over twice the survival of those with large tumors; the stage — stage I patients had over twice the survival of those of stages II and III; and the type of therapy employed. Actuarial survival rate at one year was: with no specific therapy, 0%; with chemotherapy, 1%; after palliative by‐pass surgery, 3%; following radiation therapy, 9%; and after all types of “curative” surgery, 21%. The only survivors at five years were in the “curative” surgery group, but these represented only 1% of all patients. Revolutionary changes in diagnosis and therapy will have to occur if significant increase in survival rate is to be achieved.
Retarded tumor growth and greater longevity in mice after fetal irradiation by 2450‐MHz microwaves
Authors: Preskorn Sheldon H. , Edwards William D. , Justesen Don R.
Published: February 2007

In the first of two studies, 48 mice of the conventional CFW strain were sham‐radiated or radiated in utero for 20 minutes daily by 2,450‐MHz microwaves at a dose rate, respectively, of 0 or 35 mW/g during days 11–14 of gestation. All 48 mice were implanted with a homogenate of a lymphoreticular cell sarcoma on the 16th day postpartum and then, commencing on the 19th day, they underwent a series of 36 daily exposures to the sham‐ or to the microwave‐radiation. Fetal exposure to radiation, which elevated dams colonic temperatures by an average of 2.24°C, was associated with a lower incidence of tumors (13% vs 46% for fetally sham‐radiated mice) as verified histologically at necropsy on the 93rd day postpartum. In the second study, 84 CFW mice received the four radiation treatments in utero; 60 mice were sham‐radiated in utero and served as controls. Postnatal radiation was not administered. All 144 mice were implanted with the homogenate on the 16th day postpartum and then were observed for nearly 36 months for development of palpable tumors and for longevity. Tumors initially developed at a lower rate in fetally radiated mice and 2.5 months after implantation the respective percentages of “takes” in sham‐ and microwave‐irradiated mice were comparable to those observed at termination of the first study. Subsequently the rate of tumor induction in radiated mice accelerated, and after the fourth month the final percentage of radiated mice with tumors (46%) slightly exceeded that of controls (40%). Both tumor‐bearing and tumor‐free animals that had been radiated as fetuses lived longer on the average than respective controls. Long‐term augmentation of immunocompetency by in utero hyperthermia is believed to be responsible for the delayed induction of tumors and for enhancement of survival.
Serial CEA levels in colorectal carcinoma on adjuvant immuno (chemo) therapy
Authors: Carluccio L. , Colizza S. , Costantino A. , Dipaola M. , Sopranzi N.
Published: February 2007

Serial CEA levels have been studied preoperatively, and one day, 10–15 days, four months, and eight months after surgery in a group of colon cancer patients who started soon after surgery a protocol of adjuvant immuno(chemo)therapy with Levamisole® and BCG®. Results showed a decrease of mean values of plasma CEA levels from preoperatively to four months after surgery, while eight months after surgery a slight increase was noted. Some of the patients in whom disease recurred showed persistent high levels of CEA, while one patient was consistently a false‐negative notwithstanding a bone recurrence. While the prognostic value of serial CEA determinations is confirmed, the possibility of restarting (or intensifying) a protocol of adjuvant immunochemotherapy given high CEA levels and a negative clinical picture is discussed.
Mediastinal lymphangioma
Authors: Shenoy Sadashiv S. , Barua Nil R. , Patel Arun R. , Culver Gordon J. , Jennings Ethelyn C.
Published: February 2007

Mediastinal lymphangioma is an uncommon benign tumor accounting for 0.7 to 4.5% of all mediastinal masses. Lymphangiomas consist of dilated cystic lymph spaces lined by single layers of endothelium and do not undergo malignant change. Most mediastinal lymphangiomas are asymptomatic. There are no specific radiological findings. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice and the prognosis is excellent.
Primary malignant melanoma of the rectum: Rationale for conservative surgical management
Authors: Garnick Marc , Lokich Jacob J.
Published: February 2007

A case of malignant melanoma arising in the rectum is described and the literature is reviewed. The natural history of melanoma of the rectum is distinctive from that of other tumors of the perineal area in that local recurrence is uncommon and systemic dissemination is frequent, with a low cure rate (2/66 in a literature review). Conservative surgical approaches (fulguration, local resection) are recommended in preference to abdominoperineal resection in that palliation is the realistic goal of surgical therapy.
An evaluation of intraabdominal involvement in hodgkin disease
Authors: Dinshaw K. A. , Advani S. H. , Desai P. B. , Jussawalla D. J.
Published: February 2007

An analysis of the staging procedure in 80 patients with histologically confirmed Hodgkin disease was performed at Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay. There was a marked male preponderance. The mixed cellularity type of Hodgkin disease is the commonest histological variety (47.5%) and has the highest incidence of subsequently proven generalized disease (76%). The lymphocytic predominant variety was the next most common (27.5%) and was present as unsuspected disease in 45% of cases. Systemic symptoms were associated with advanced disease in 57% of clinical IB and 73% of clinical IIB cases. Splenic involvement was histologically confirmed in 41% of cases with stage I disease and 52% of cases with stage II disease and was associated with liver involvement in two cases. A lymphogram was performed, in addition, prior to the laparotomy in 40 cases and the lymphogram‐laparotomy concordance was approximately 72% in our series. This stresses the importance of a staging laparotomy.
Development of carcinoma of the breast at the site of an implanted pacemaker in two patients
Authors: Biran Shoshana , Keren Andre , Farkas Thomas , Stern Shlomo
Published: February 2007

We report here on two female patients who had permanent pacemakers implanted in their chests and who developed carcinoma of the breast subsequently. An association is suspected between the breast cancer and the pacemaker, which is implanted in an area which borders with the mammary gland or is even right within it. This suspicion led us lately to change in female patients the site of the subcutaneous pocket for the implantation of the pacemaker to a position higher in the chest than before. Moreover, we advocate frequent breast examinations in all female patients with implanted pacemakers.
Recall skin‐test antigens and the prognosis of stage I melanoma
Authors: Aranha Gerard V. , McKhann Charles F. , Simmons Richard L. , Grage Theodor B.
Published: February 2007

Thirty‐one patients with Stage I melanoma were studied with regard to their response to common skin antigens. Patients were divided into two groups, those who had surgery alone, and those who had surgery and BCG. The results were comparable. It was found that the disease‐free interval was longer and the recurrence rate lower in patients who demonstrated cutaneous hypersensitivity to common antigens than in those who did not. Patients who had Clark's levels I and II lesions were more likely to be immunocompetent. The addition of BCG in the study did not appear to decrease the rate of recurrence, which seems to be related to the basic immunological status of the individual.
Detection of cancer‐associated antigen(s) in urine of sarcoma patients
Authors: Gupta Rishab K. , Morton Donald L.
Published: February 2007

Tumor‐associated antigens were demonstrated in concentrated and dialyzed urine of several sarcoma patients with large tumor burden. The antigens were detected by complement fixation using autologous and allogeneic sera from sarcoma patients. The antigenic activity in three patients who were studied sequentially disappeared after surgical ablation of tumor. In two of these three patients, the antigenic activity reappeared before tumor recurrence. The reactivity of the sarcoma sera to the urine could be abolished by absorption of the sera with human sarcoma cells but not by normal human liver cells, which indicates that the same antigen was present in the urine and on biopsy‐obtained sarcoma cells. Urine from cancer patients with high tumor burden may be useful as a source of tumor‐associated antigen. Further studies on the presence of these antigens in urine of sarcoma patients may lead to a method for detecting subclinical tumor recurrence.
Explorations of antimitotic agents in the treatment of a congenital disease, Ichthyosis Linearis Circumflexa
Authors: Klein Edmund , Hahn Gary M. , Solomon James A. , Kim Untae , Schwartz Robert A. , Case Robert W. , Herman Hannah , Milgrom Halina , Holtermann Ole A.
Published: February 2007

Successful therapy of a genetic disorder, Ichthyosis Linearis Circumflexa, was achieved using low dose systemic cyclophosphamide. Prior to such therapy, 80 to 90% of the body surface was affected; the use of antimitotic agents reduced the extent of the lesions to less than 15% of the body surface. As a result, the clinical status was changed from severely disabling to being compatible with a normal way of life. It is believed that this phenomenon is related to selective effects of cyclophosphamide, such as those on lymphocyte subpopulations. To our knowledge, successful chemotherapy for diseases of genetic or congenital origin has not been previously reported.
The spouse as facilitator for esophageal speech: A research perspective
Authors: Gibbs Harriet Weidman , Achterberg‐Lawlis Jeanne
Published: February 2007

The role of the spouse in relation to the quality of esophageal speech of laryngectomized patients was investigated using psychodiagnostic instruments and speech ratings and through an assessment of the verbal interactions between the patient and spouse. Analysis of the results indicates that those speakers who were objectively judged to have higher quality speech and learned esophageal speech rapidly had spouses who were more likely to disagree verbally with them, addressed them in a way that encouraged long answers, and evidenced reciprocal compatibility for meeting affectional needs.