bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional Activity of Reciprocal Inhibition of α-Motor Neurons of Antagonistic Muscles in Different Types of Muscle Contractions of Submaximal and Maximal Force
Authors: Gladchenko Denis A. , Bogdanov Sergey M. , Roschina Lyudmila V. , Chelnokov Andrey A.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: Currently, the results of investigation of different types of spinal inhibition in isometric voluntary contraction of muscles have been published. There are separate reports devoted to the role of recurrent and presynaptic inhibition in the regulation of isometric and anisometric voluntary contractions of submaximal and maximal strength.
AIM: To evaluate the effect of the type and strength of muscle contraction with and without performing Jendrassik maneuver on the manifestation of reciprocal inhibition of -motor neurons of antagonistic muscles of the lower leg.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 8 healthy men aged 2022 years. Reciprocal inhibition was evaluated by suppression of the amplitude of testing H-reflex of m. soleus in conditioning stimulation of n. peroneus profundus, and of testing stimulation of n. tibialis with 3 msec interval between stimuli. Reciprocal inhibition was recorded in concentric, eccentric and isometric contractions with 50% and 100% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) with and without Jendrassic maneuver.
RESULTS: In performing concentric, eccentric and isometric contractions of lower leg muscles with increase in strength from 50% to 100% of MVC, the activity of reciprocal inhibition decreased. Reciprocal inhibition was most evident in concentric contraction with 50% of MVC strength, less evident in eccentric contraction and was lowest in isometric contraction. With the maximal strength, reciprocal inhibition was most expressed in isometric contraction, less expressed in concentric contraction and was weakest in eccentric contraction. With Jendrassik maneuver, reduction of reciprocal inhibition was more expressed in different types of MVCs in comparison with parameters obtained with 50% of MVC. Using Jendrassic maneuver with 50% and 100% of MVC effort, strongest reciprocal inhibition was recorded in isometric contraction, weaker inhibition in concentric contraction and weakest in eccentric contraction. The effect of Jendrassik maneuver was manifested by weakening of reciprocal inhibition in concentric and eccentric contraction of submaximal force, and by its enhancement in isometric contraction.
CONCLUSION: Variability of manifestation of reciprocal inhibition of -motor neurons of antagonistic muscles of lower leg in different types of muscle contractions of submaximal and maximal strength is associated with the fact that the pool of segmental motor neurons of m. soleus is controlled not only by a wide spectrum of excitatory cortico- and reticulospinal influences, but also by other kinds of inhibition, thus providing coordinated motor actions.
Criteria of Formation of Fatty Liver Disease in Individuals of Different Age Groups in the Long-Term Period after Minimally Invasive Cholecystectomy
Authors: Ambartsumyan Aleksandr R. , Chumak Boris  A. , Deryagina Larisa E. , Batskov Sergey S. , Pyatibrat Elena D.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: Despite the technical advance in medicine and the use of minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques, complications of cholecystectomy considerably reduce the quality of life of the operated patients. Development of the most common and severe complication fatty liver disease (FLD) is difficult to predict due to numerous factors that influence its formation.
AIM: To identify prognostic criteria of formation of FLD in the long-term period after cholecystectomy and to scientifically substantiate their significance.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: To identify prognostic criteria of formation of FLD in the long-term period after minimally invasive cholecystectomy, 330 patients (159 men and 171 women) who underwent surgical treatment, were examined. Anthropometric data, hemodynamic parameters were evaluated, autonomic index was calculated. US evaluation of choledoch and Elastography of the liver, magnetic resonance tomography of the liver and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography were performed. Using chromatography-mass-spectrometry, microbial markers of parietal microbiome of the intestine were determined.
RESULTS: Parameters of body mass index indicate the interrelation between the formation of FLD and increased body mass in patients of older age. In the first group with FLD, sympathetic status prevailed, and in the control group of the same age, parasympathicotonia was predominating. At the older age, in the second and third subgroup, the autonomic regulation did not influence the formation of FLD. The choledoch diameter in men and women with FLD of the first age subgroup was greater relative to patients of the control group and of the preoperative period and also relative to older patients of the same group. In the long-term period after cholecystectomy in the group with fatty liver disease, the opportunistic microflora prevailed over essential one, and aerobic microflora over anaerobic one. Besides, increased amount of fungi and viruses was noted, as well as a change in the distribution of obligate microflora due to decrease in the content of eubacteria and predomination of lactobacteria over bifidobacteria in the parietal layer of the intestine. In the individuals of older age, reduction of the obligate and increase in the opportunistic microflora including aerobic one, was noted.
CONCLUSIONS: Age, autonomic regulation and body mass have a significant influence on the formation of FLD in the long-term period after cholecystectomy. In the group of older patients, the influence of the autonomic regulation is lower, and increase in body mass is higher than in younger individuals.
Analysis of Risk Factors of Venous Thromboembolic Complications and of Different Variants of Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients with New Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Kalinin Roman E. , Suchkov Igor′ A. , Agapov Andrey B. , Mzhavanadze Nina D. , Povarov Vladislav  O. , Nikiforov Aleksandr  A.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: A new coronavirus infection (NCI) is characterized by catastrophic coagulopathy with development of thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications. The choice of an optimal anticoagulant in these patients remains an important issue.
AIM: To evaluate risk factors for venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC), effectiveness and safety of different variants of anticoagulant therapy (ACT) in patients with NCI.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted that involved 370 patients with NCI: group 1 patients who received low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) 190 people, group 2 patients who received unfractionated heparin (UFH) 123 people, group 3 patients who took direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) 57 individuals. Clinical and anamnestic data, frequency of thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications were evaluated. The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee and was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. platform.
RESULTS: The existence of chronic venous diseases increases the risk of development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with NCI 6.433 times (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.16719.093)) (р = 0.001), use of UFH instead of LMWH or DOAC 3.542 times (95% CI 1.14910.916) (р = 0.028), use of artificial lung ventilation (ALV) 5.925 times (95% CI 2.03417.26) (р = 0.001), high D-dimer level 2.024 times (95% CI 1.2313.33) (р = 0.005). The level of C-reactive protein and ferritin decreased in all patients in the course of treatment for NCI, with the lowest levels in patients receiving LMWH (С-reactive protein 5.8 (1.715.0) mg/l, р = 0.004; ferritin 364 (324497) g/l, р = 0.001). Lower fibrinogen levels were recorded in patients of group 1 compared to groups 2 and 3 (2.43 (1.93.52) g/l versus 3.37 (2.84.92) g/l and 4.1 (2.85.25) g/l, respectively, р = 0.002). A high frequency of pulmonary embolism with unspecified source was recorded in patients receiving UFH 11.4% of cases, with this, the frequency of using ALV in the group with UFH was evaluated as high 21% of cases.
CONCLUSION: Risk factors of VTEC in patients with NCI are both factors typical of VTEC in general (obesity, chronic vein diseases, elevated D-dimer level), and factors specific of NCI (ALV, hypoventilation). Effective and safe anticoagulants in this group of patients are LMWH that demonstrated low frequency of development of VTEC and of hemorrhagic complications.
Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Gold Glyconanoparticles of Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Chernykh Ivan V. , Kopanitsa Mariya A. , Shchul'kin Aleksey V. , Yakusheva Elena N. , Ershov Andrey Yu. , Martynenkov Alexander A. , Lagoda Igor V. , Volkova Alexandra M.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: Use of metal nanoparticles is a promising trend in oncotherapy.
AIM: To evaluate cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) modified with fucose, lactose and galactose residues, on Caco-2 cells.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cells were cultured to a monolayer with GHPs in concentrations of 10 g/ml600 g/ml for particles with fucose, 10 g/ml900 g/ml for particles with lactose and 10 g/ml550 g/ml for particles with galactose. As non-tumor cells, Caco-2 cells were used after differentiation into small-intestine enterocytes (incubation time 21 days). The cytotoxicity of GNPs was evaluated in MTT-test after incubation with cells for 2 hours, 8 hours and 24 hours. A comparison drug was fluorouracil in concentrations of 50 g/ml2000 g/ml. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated in GraphPad Prism 8.4.3 program.
RESULTS: IC50 for GNPs with fucose for tumor cells was 582 29 and 336 36 g/ml after incubation for 2 hours and 8 hours, respectively; for GNPs with lactose 769 50 and 515 45 g/ml, for GNPs with galactose 467 299 and 299 28 g/ml. For differentiated cells, IC50 for all types of GNPs was higher than for tumor cells after incubation for 2 and 8 hours: for particles with fucose 530 3 and 410 15 g/ml; for particles with lactose 831 7 and 639 14 g/ml; for particles with galactose 511 21 (p = 0.018) and 376 36 g/ml, respectively. After 24-hour incubation of Caco-2 cells with fucose, IC50 did not differ for tumor and differentiated varieties. For other GNPs, IC50 for tumor cells was higher than for differentiated cells. Fluorouracil showed cytotoxicity for tumor cells with IC50 2108 19 and 1764 193 g/ml after 2 hours and 8 hours of incubation, respectively. For differentiated cells, IC50 of fluorouracil was 1694 102 g/ml after 2-hour incubation and 1694 102 g/ml after 8-hour incubation. There were no differences between IC50 of fluorouracil for differentiated and tumor cells with equal incubation time.
CONCLUSION: GNPs with fucose, lactose and galactose have a cytotoxic effect on human colon adenocarcinoma cells and in the activity are superior to fluorouracil.
Testing of Medico-Sociological Toolkit for Evaluation of Quality of Organization and Affordability of Dental Orthopedic Care
Authors: Uspenskaya Irina V. , Tishkina Larisa N. , Peshkov Mikhail V.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: The issues of accessibility, quality of organization and satisfaction of Russian citizens with dental orthopedic care (DOC) are insufficiently studied and covered in the literature, which increases the relevance of the topic of our study Scientific Substantiation of Criteria and Pa-rameters of Accessibility and Quality of Organization of Dental Orthopedic Care. For this study, a medico-sociological toolkit is tested, which presents a questionnaire of 36 questions developed by the authors for evaluation of the quality of organization of DOC and of its affordability for the population.
AIM: To test the medico-sociological toolkit by evaluating the filling out of the questionnaire by patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The questionnaire was developed on the basis of ethical and de-ontological principles with taking into account the quality management standards (ISO 9001:2015). In a comparative analysis and evaluation of affordability of DOC, the level of family income of patients was expressed in relative parameters minimum living wages. The pilot study was conducted on the basis of an enlarged dental clinic with surveying 41 patients who received DOC.
RESULTS: Filling out of the questionnaire by patients of a dental clinic was evaluated in part of the study of affordability and the study of satisfaction with the quality of DOC organization 7 and 12 questions, respectively. Positive results of testing of the medico-sociological toolkit are presented.
CONCLUSION: In the course of the pilot study, the Questionnaire was tested, no primary cor-rections were required. The algorithm of processing and analysis of the primary materials of the planned medico-sociological study was determined.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Uncontrolled Arterial Hypertension: Result of the Pilot Part of Study
Authors: Seleznev Sergey V. , Yаkushin Sergey S. , Mylnikov Pavel  Yu. , Tranova Yuliya S. , Shchul'kin Aleksey V. , Yakusheva Elena N. , Nikulina Natal’ya N.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: Despite the recently established evidence-based and systemic approach to treatment for arterial hypertension (AH), not in all cases its control can be achieved.
AIM: To conduct a comparative analysis of the concentration of antihypertensive drugs (AHTDs) in blood serum of patients with controlled and uncontrolled AH.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty six patients were included. Inclusion criteria: age 18 years, signing of informed consent, established diagnosis of AH, regular intake of any two of study antihypertensive drugs (lisinopril, amlodipine, valsartan) and also of indapamide at stable doses, for women adequate contraception. According to the results of daily monitoring of the arterial pressure (AP), patients were divided into two groups: the first group controlled hypertension (AP 140/90 mmHg; n = 39), the second uncontrolled hypertension (AP 140/90 mmHg; n = 17). The mean age of patients in the first group was 65.03 10.80 years, in the second 63.50 8.31 (p = 0.576). In the first group, women prevailed (64.1% vs. 35.3%, p = 0.047) and the mean body mass index was lower (26.30 1.38 kg/m2 vs. 32.20 4.15 kg/m2, p = 0.02). In patients of both groups, venous blood was taken in fasting condition in the morning and 2 hours after intake of AHTDs to assess their concentration by high-performance liquid chromatography. The analytical range for lisinopril, indapamide, amlodipine was 5500 ng/ml, for valsartan 1010,000 ng/ml.
RESULTS: In the first group, equilibrium concentration of lisinopril was 2.67 times higher (p = 0.053), and concentration of indapamide in 2 hours after intake was 1.83 times higher (р = 0,084); when normalized to the dose, the differences were leveled out (p 0.05). Concentrations of amlodipine and valsartan did not differ between the groups both before and 2 hours after intake (p 0.05). In 3 of 39 (7.7%) patients with controlled hypertension and in one of 17 patients (5.9%, p = 1.0) with uncontrolled hypertension, AHTDs were detected in blood serum, which were not administered to them.
CONCLUSIONS: Results of the pilot part of the study (n = 56) demonstrated the absence of difference between the mean concentrations of the study AHTDs in the blood serum of patients with controlled and uncontrolled AH, and in some cases the presence of traces of AHTDs not administered by the doctor.
Comparative Analysis of Gene Expression Profile in Tumor and Healthy Tissue in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Mertsalov Sergey A. , Kulikov Evgeniy  P. , Strel'nikov Vladimir V. , Kalinkin Aleksey I. , Shumskaya Evgeniya I. , Piskunov Roman O.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a sure leader among malignant neoplasms (12.3%), without taking into account gender. Five-year survival rate in stage I CRC is 91%, in stage IV 14%. The currently existing treatment methods are helpless to significantly reduce mortality the approaches should be personalized and include the use of molecular genetic methods.
AIM: To perform a comparative evaluation of expression profile of samples of tumor and healthy colon tissue in CRC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The material for the study was 19 samples of tumor tissue taken from the pathologically altered colonic mucosa of 19 patients with CRC, and 7 samples of healthy tissue taken 10 cm12 cm distally or proximally from the visual boundary of the tumor. Biopsy materials were homogenized using a mechanical method. The quality and quantity of ribonucleic acid in the eluted solution were evaluated using IMPLEN nanospectrophotometer (Germany). Gene expression was evaluated using microchip kit SurePrint G3 HumanGeneExpv3 ArrayKit (Agilent, USА). Microchips were scanned on InnoScan 1100 AL apparatus (США) with subsequent image processing in Mapix Software program (USA).
RESULTS: The analysis of expression profile demonstrated 505 differentially expressed genes, 337 of which showed reduced expression and 168 enhanced expression in the tumor material. The highest expression was demonstrated by genes bound with miRNA: hsa-miR-29b-3p and hsa-miR-1-5p, and also genes Н19, FOXQ1, INHBA, MMP1, CDH3, CXCL2, MDFI, THBS2. On the contrary, genes TMIGD1, GUCA2B, ZG16, AQP8, SLC4A4, CDKN2B-AS1, CA4, СА1 demonstrated a low expression in the tumor material. Expression of genes responsible for functioning of signal pathways: IL-17, NF-kappa B, TNF, was increased in tumor samples. Genes responsible for signal pathways Fatty acid degradation, Drug metabolism cytochrome P450, Metabolic pathways, Fatty acid metabolism and Steroid hormone biosynthesis, showed reduced expression.
CONCLUSION: Significant differences were found in the expression profile of tumor and healthy tissue in patients with CRC. A comparative analysis of gene enrichment and the data of the international databases permitted to identify a number of terms, genes, clusters that can be used in future in search for predictors of prognosis and of response to treatment.
Prognostic Significance of Cardiac Fat Deposits in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Uryasyev Oleg M. , Solov’yeva Aleksandra V. , Cheskidov Aleksey V. , Filimonova Anastasiya A. , Nikiforova Ekaterina А.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is one of the leading risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. At present, of the greatest scientific interest are local deposits of adipose tissue as a possible morphological substrate for the development of this group of diseases. Along with the traditional risk factors, one more risk factor for a poor prognosis of cardiovascular disease can be a change in the thickness of the epicardial fat (EF) and of the interatrial septum (IAS) in case of its lipomatosis.
AIM: To study the significance of EF and of IAS thickness as markers of cardiovascular risk in coronary heart disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 116 individuals with coronary heart disease (55 men (47%) and 61 women (53%), mean age 68 [61; 72] years). Thickness of EF and IAS was evaluated by the method of echocardiography. The frequency of poor outcomes was evaluated using KaplanMeier method, ROC-curve analysis. The differences were considered statistically significant at p 0.05.
RESULTS: In the group of patients with unstable angina, the threshold value of IAS thickness was 0.7 cm (p 0.001), and of EF thickness 0.8 cm (2 = 10.89, p = 0.001), in the group of patients with myocardial infarction 0.7 cm (p 0.001) and 0.8 cm (p 0.001), respectively. In the group of patient with unstable angina, IAS thickness 0.7 cm (2 = 10.3, p = 0.0013) and EF thickness 0.8 cm (2 = 10.89, p = 0.001) demonstrate a poor prognosis in comparison with the parameters below the threshold values. In the group of patients with myocardial infarction, IAS thickness 0.7 cm (2 = 8.4, p = 0.005) and EF 0.8 cm (2 = 9.66, p = 0.0019) demonstrate poor prognosis in comparison with the parameters below the threshold values.
CONCLUSION: In unstable angina and myocardial infarction, the value of IAS thickness 0.7 cm (p = 0.0013 and p = 0.005, respectively) and of EF thickness 0.8 cm (p = 0.001 and p = 0.0019, respectively) present a poor prognosis compared to lower values. It is recommended that EF and IAS thickness be determined in echocardiography as an additional marker for a poor prognosis in coronary heart disease.
Seroprevalence of antibodies against herpesvirus type 2 in a female prison population in Mato Grosso
Authors: Marchioro Pereira Siqueira Nayara Cristine , Salete de Paula Vanessa , Melo Villar Livia , Freitas de Oliveira Bonfim Flavia , Atanaka Marina , Ferreira do Nascimento Vagner , Martinez Espinosa Mariano , Pereira Terças Trettel Ana Cláudia
Published: July 2023

The objective of this text is to describe the seroprevalence of antibodies against herpes simplex virus 2 in inmates of a female public prison in Mato Grosso. This is a cross-sectional study carried out with biobank data from a survey carried out with women deprived of liberty in a female penitentiary in Tangará da Serra - MT. Data collection was carried out through interviews with 50 women. To determine the seroprevalence of HSV-2 infection, serum samples were analyzed by ELISA in search of IgG antibodies at the Laboratory of Viral Immunology of Instituto Oswaldo Cruz – RJ. The HSV-2 seroprevalence found in the evaluated population was 80%, a value much higher than that reported in the general Brazilian population and in other studies with prison populations around the world. The profile of the inmates predominated among young, brown women, with low education, single and with low monthly income. The present study found a high seroprevalence of antibodies against HSV-2 in this population. These data provide important information that can assist in the implementation of effective actions that better prevent and control genital herpes, as well as other STIs in incarcerated populations.
Cartografia dos processos de trabalho na pandemia da COVID-19 em um Centro Especializado em Reabilitação da Paraíba
Authors: Sampaio Juliana , de Souza Barbosa Daniella , Sousa Matias Aidan Cunha de , Fernanda de Britto Lyra Maria , Alves Peixoto Daniele , Almeida Menezes Tarcisio , Bezerra Gomes Luciano
Published: July 2023

Este artigo analisa, a partir de um processo cartográfico, os efeitos da pandemia de COVID-19 no processo de trabalho de um Centro Especializado em Reabilitação do tipo IV da Rede de Cuidado à Pessoa com Deficiência na Paraíba. Buscou-se evidenciar os desafios e as invenções cotidianas para a garantia da oferta do cuidado durante o distanciamento físico imposto pela pandemia. As informações foram coletadas durante oito encontros remotos, conversas em grupos de Whatsapp® e análise de três documentos da instituição. No primeiro ano da pandemia, para evitar a transmissão da COVID-19, foram suspensas as atividades presenciais, com adoção do home office e uso criativo das tecnologias de comunicação para possibilitar atendimentos remotos. Num segundo momento da pandemia, foi implementado o retorno gradual às atividades presenciais. Essas invenções apontaram/intensificaram desafios enfrentados pela instituição para a oferta do cuidado integral. Foi evidenciado o caráter caleidoscópico de práticas e fluxos instituídos, potencializando a autopoiese do cuidado, ao mesmo tempo em que observamos a adoção de ações que, apesar de funcionais para o período de distanciamento físico, desfavoreceram o cuidado em ato e criaram barreiras de acesso. Mesmo assim, podemos dizer que tais invenções foram soluções capazes de sustentar um tipo de olhar da instituição sobre as condições de vida e saúde das Pessoa com Deficiência na pandemia.
Victim Sensitivity in Romantic Relationship Scale (VSRRS): A Scale Development Study
Authors: DOĞRUYOL Sena
Published: July 2023

The main aim of this study is to develop a measurement tool that possesses both validity and reliability in order to comprehend the perception of justice sensitivity within romantic relationships among married adults. The study focuses specifically on the examination of victim sensitivity, which constitutes one of the dimensions of justice sensitivity. The participants in this research comprised a total of 325 adults for the purpose of exploratory factor analysis, while 410 adults were involved for confirmatory factor analysis.The outcomes of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) disclosed a unidimensional structure consisting of 17 items. Furthermore, the model fit indices derived from the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the suitability of the one-factor solution. To assess the construct validity of the scale, CFA and item-total correlations were employed. The item-total correlations ranged from 0.43 to 0.69. Reliability analysis of the scale involved the computation of Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient and Composite Reliability-CR. The results revealed a Cronbach's alpha value of .90 and a CR value of .90, indicating high internal consistency and reliability of the scale. In conclusion, based on the rigorous evaluation of validity and reliability, it can be deduced that the Victim Sensitivity in Romantic Relationships Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing victim sensitivity in the context of romantic relationships within the Turkish culture.
Nursing Students' Occupational Motivation, Occupational Commitment Levels and Related Factors
Authors: KAPLAN Ali
Published: July 2023

Nursing students' occupational motivation and commitment levels are essential for their development and success. Therefore, this study aimed to determine nursing students' occupational motivation, commitment levels, and related factors. The descriptive and cross-sectional study data were collected between March and April 2023. The study sample consisted of 326 students studying at the Nursing Departments of the Faculty of Health Sciences of two universities in a province of Türkiye in the 2022-2023 academic year. The data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Four-Dimensional Occupational Commitment Scale, and Motivation’s Resources and Problems Scale. It was determined that the occupational commitment levels, motivation levels, and academic achievements of the students differed according to the students' years, the high school they graduated from, the state of choosing the nursing department willingly, the state of being satisfied with school life, the reason for choosing the nursing profession, the willingness to do postgraduate education. In addition, there is a significant relationship between students' occupational commitment and occupational motivation. Educating students about occupational values is necessary to ensure occupational development. By developing strategies related to these factors affecting students, it is possible to train professional nurses with high occupational motivation and commitment to their profession.
Machine Learning Approach for Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis Using Clinical Data
Authors: BALIKÇI ÇİÇEK İpek , KÜÇÜKAKÇALI Zeynep
Published: July 2023

Objective: With an early diagnosis of thyroid cancer, one of the world's most significant health issues, it is feasible to treat the nodules before the spread of malignant thyroid gland cells. It has become crucial to develop models for predicting thyroid cancer. In light of this, the purpose of this study is to develop a clinical decision support model using the Bagged CART model, a machine learning (ML) model for the prediction of thyroid cancer.
Methods: Between 2010 and 2012, 724 patients who applied to China Median University Shengjing Hospital comprised the study's data set. The dataset comprises information on nodule malignancies, demographic characteristics, ultrasound characteristics, and blood test results for all patients who underwent thyroidectomy. Using this open-access data set, the Bagged CART modeling technique was applied. Negative predictive value (NPV), specificity (Spe), balanced accuracy (BACC), positive predictive value (PPV), accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (Sen), and F1-score performance metrics were used to evaluate the model's predictive performance. In addition, a 10-fold cross-validation method was used to determine the validity of the model. In addition, variable importance was established, which reveals how much the input variables impact the output variable.
Results: ACC, BACC, Sen, Spe, PPV, NPV, and F1-score obtained from the model performance metrics were calculated to 99.1%, 98.7%, 99.7%, 97.7%, 99.1%, 99.2%, and 99.4%, respectively, as a result of modeling. According to the variable importance values that were acquired for the input variables in the dataset that was investigated in this study, the seven variable that hold the greatest significance are as follows: size, TSH, blood flow: size, TSH, blood flow: enriched, multilateral: yes, FT4, site: isthmus, and age, in that order.
Conclusion: As a result, the Bagged CART model was found to be effective at predicting thyroid cancer based on the findings of this study. In addition, in this study, risk factors for thyroid cancer were evaluated and their importance values were given. With these results, the decision-making process about the disease will be able to accelerate and thus, it will be able to effective in preventive medicine practices.
Mahan-Baekje settlements and forest composition in the Yeongsan River Basin
Authors:   Central Institute of Cultural Heritage, Kim Minkoo
Published: July 2023

Forest vegetation was classified based on the identification of archaeological wood remains and cluster analysis. The wood remains from archaeological contexts represent building materials, fuel, or wooden tools, and it is likely that most of them were sourced from the vicinity of the site. Consequently, the identified wood remains primarily provide information about the composition of the surrounding vegetation. The identification of wood remains from 18 archaeological sites in the Yeongsan River basin, combined with hierarchical cluster analysis, revealed that the wood composition could be categorized into four groups: (1) chestnut tree dominant, (2) pine tree dominant, (3) oak and broad-leaved tree dominant, and (4) oak tree dominant. The presence of the oak and broad-leaved tree dominant groups suggests a warm humid climate and a stable environment without ecological disturbance. Conversely, the appearance of the pine tree dominant group indicates the expansion of secondary forests and selective timber collection. The presence of the chestnut tree dominant group implies the management and cultivation of fruit trees. Notably, the Mahan-Baekje settlements exhibit significantly higher proportions of chestnut wood. This suggests that arboreal cultivation began during the historical period, as the settlements were occupied for longer periods and territoriality became more pronounced. Historical records on Mahan also support the possibility of chestnut cultivation in Mahan-Baekje villages.
Latent Profile of Children’s Personality: The effect of Parental factors and Environmental factors
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, HEO Moo-Nyung , SUNG Jung-Hye
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to classify the latent profiles based on personality amongchildren, and to explore the effects of parents’ martial conflict and parental monitoring, peerattachment of children, student-teacher relationship as predictors of latent proflie. Questionnairedata from the 13th wave of Panel Study on Korean Children(PSKC) were analyzed. The datawere analyzed by latent profile analysis(LPA) and multinominal logistic regression model. Majorfindings were as following. First, as a result of LPA, the three-profile model that include‘personality high level group’, ‘personality middle level group’ and ‘personality low level group’was selected as the final model. Second, parental factors such as martial conflict and parentalmonitoring, and environmental factors such as peer attachment and student-teacher relationshipof children had a significant effect on the classification of the latent profiles. Our findingsprovide valuable implications to help children to get better personality.
The mediating effect of conflict resolution type on the relationship between the level of conflict in the workplace and organizational commitment of social welfare facility workers
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, JEON Sang-Yul , BAK Gyeong-Won , YU Seoung-Ju
Published: July 2023

This study analyzed the impact of conflict resolution in social welfare facilities on workers'workplace conflict and organizational commitment, and suggested an alternative to establishinga system to reasonably resolve many conflicts in the workplace and improving efficientorganizational culture. As a result of verifying the mediating effect of conflict resolution typebetween conflict type and organizational commitment, first, active conflict mitigation had asignificant effect on conflict and emotional commitment in the workplace, and second, activeconflict intensification and passive conflict intensification were presented based on these results.
Analysis of the organization and efficiency of dispensary observation of patients with mental diseases
Authors: Alekhin I. N. , Apkhanova N. S. , Dushina E. V.
Published: July 2023

The mental health protection of the population is an urgent direction of public policy in the field of health care, given the increase in the prevalence of mental disorders among the population. Topical are the issues of increasing the efficiency of dispensary observation of patients with mental illness in the light of the approval of the Procedure for dispensary observation of a person suffering from a chronic and protracted mental disorder with severe persistent or often exacerbated painful manifestations, approved by Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated June 30, 2022 No. 453n. After all, it is within the framework of dynamic dispensary observation that it is possible to implement the necessary volume of complex medical, rehabilitation and medical and social assistance to patients with mental illness
Sources of information of the population of the Russian Federation about antibacterial drugs
Authors: Chigrina V. P. , Tyufilin D. S. , Deev I. A. , Kobyakova O. S. , Salagay O. O.
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The aim is to study the awareness of the population about the correct use of antibacterial drugs and identify the sources of this information.Methods. A questionnaire method was used in the study with developed questionnaire consisting of six blocks and 41 questions. Statistical data analysis was carried out using the programs Statistica for Windows version 10.0 and R-studio.Results. There were 2,725 participants in the survey. Only 23.6% of respondents (n = 642) said they had received information on the risks of using antimicrobial drugs properly in the previous 12 months, while a vast majority (75.2%, n = 1,566) indicated that they would have wanted to. Antibiotic resistance (20.4%, n = 555), rational drug use (30.9%, n = 840), and indications for using antibacterial drugs (35.9%, n = 980) were the most sought-after topics for further research. Doctors (59.4%, n = 1619), medicine instructions (45.5%, n = 1239), the Internet (22.7%, n = 619) and personal (previous) experience using antibiotics (21.0%, n = 572) were the main sources of knowledge about antibacterial drugs, which were most frequently used by residents. Using the results, portraits of the population were developed based on the main source of knowledge on antibiotics.Conclusion. It is necessary to regularly educate the population about correct antibiotic usage and antibiotic resistance, keeping in mind their primary interests and the information’s sources.
To the question of raising the level of awareness of doctors about high-tech medical care
Authors: Naberezhnaya I. B. , Zakharova U. D.
Published: July 2023

Maintenance of availability and quality of high-tech medical care is a priority direction in progress of system of healthcare. Thus the predominating role in the organization of rendering to the population of the given type of the help is played with awareness of the medical personnel, on issues regarding its provision. Objective of the present research was studying awareness of doctors of a stationary link concerning the organization of rendering of hightech medical care after the lead introduction of practical recommendations on increase of a level of their knowledge. Repeated sociological interrogation by questioning 129 doctors, under specially developed questionnaire consisting of 20 questions has been lead. During carrying out of research it has been revealed, that the comprehensive idea about high-tech medical care had any more 76,2±3,9% of respondents, and 95,3±1,9% with reliability of distinction (р <0,01) and more 4,7% approximately owned the information. It is meaningful result, as of them (26,7%) have noted been by many the evident material which is being the medical organization. Except for that interrogation has shown the increased fraction of respondents (with 46,0±4,5% up to 72,0±3,9%) (р <0,001), owning the normative- legal acts regulating rendering of the given type of the help.But everything, remains enough the big percent of doctors which have faced problems in its understanding. Interrogation also has shown, that practically 100% of respondents knowing normative-legal documents, are familiar well enough and with criteria of selection of patients on rendering to them high-tech medical care. As a whole carried out research has shown the increased awareness of the medical personnel of the regional medical organizations and expediency of use in them of an evident material, as well as introduction in cycles of improvement of the information concerning the organization of rendering of hightech medical care.
Morbidity of the population in the Orenburg region with viral hepatitis for the period from 2016–2020.
Authors: Vyaltsin S. V. , Klyueva K. A. , Plotnikova E. G. , Mirzayeva M. V. , Vyaltsin A. C.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Hepatitis B is one of the urgent problems of modern medicine and is included in the list of socially significant diseases [1, 3, 4]. According to WHO, about 4 million cases of acute hepatitis B are detected annually in the world, which can turn into a chronic form with the subsequent development of adverse outcomes, and also requires significant financial costs. In 2016, the 69th session of the World Health Assembly approved a strategy to combat viral hepatitis until 2030. In the Orenburg region, preventive measures carried out within the framework of the National Priority Project in the field of healthcare (section Vaccination prevention) for many years have significantly reduced the number of primary infections with viral hepatitis B.Target. To show the effectiveness of preventive immunization against hepatitis B and to assess the dependence of the incidence rate on the coverage of the population with hepatitis B vaccination on the example of the Orenburg region. Materials and methods. Data from the Federal statistical observation forms No. 2 “Information on infectious and parasitic diseases”, No. 6 “Information on the contingents of children and adults vaccinated against infectious diseases” in the Orenburg region for 2016–2020.Results. The coverage of vaccination against viral hepatitis B in the Orenburg region was analyzed, during the analyzed period, the coverage of vaccination increased significantly, as a result of which there is a tendency to decrease the incidence of acute viral hepatitis by 3,4 times.Conclusion. This article shows the effectiveness of preventive immunization against viral hepatitis B and evaluates the dependence of the incidence rate on the coverage of the population with vaccination against viral hepatitis B for the period from 2016 to 2020 on the example of the Orenburg region.
Hemophilia in children - modern paradigms for treatment and prevention
Authors: Grigoriev K. I. , Kharitonova L. A. , Plakhuta T. G.
Published: July 2023

April 17 marks World Hemophilia Day. The date is dedicated to the birthday of Frank Schnabel, the founder of the World Federation of Hemophilia. And on this day and on other days, the medical community is called upon to draw attention to the problems of people suffering from blood clotting disorders — one of the central ones in hematology. Hemophilia, although one of the most common genetically determined blood coagulation disorders, is considered a RARE (orphan) disease. The disease manifests itself in early childhood, clinically has two of the most common variants of the disease: hemophilia A and hemophilia B. Diagnosis requires mandatory laboratory confirmation of the genetic absence or decrease in the concentration of FVIII for hemophilia A and FIX for hemophilia B. In recent years, the introduction of domestic recombinant coagulation factors into practice has made it possible to significantly optimize replacement therapy in children with hemophilia, and in the context of increasing Western sanctions, to ensure children of Russia with the necessary means of urgent care and prevention, which are not inferior to the best foreign analogues. New therapy principles that are actually changing the principles of treatment include non-factor drugs and gene therapy options for both hemophilia A and hemophilia B.
Tubulopathies with hypokalemic alkalosis: Bartter and HELIX syndromes in children
Authors: Leviashvili J. G. , Savenkova N. D. , Amiryan M. A.
Published: July 2023

The review presents literature data on tubulopathies with hypokalemic alkalosis: Bartter and HELIX syndromes. Orphan Bartter syndrome with autosomal recessive (types I, II, III, IV, V) or X-linked recessive types of inheritance (type V) due to mutations in the SLC12A1, KCNJ1, CLCNKB, BSND, CLCNKA/CLCNKB, MAGED2 genes, causing impaired reabsorption ions K+, Na+, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+ in the thick ascending loop of Henle and in the distal convoluted tubule, characterized by hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperreninemia and secondary hyperaldosteronism, high PgE2 levels against normal or low blood pressure, hyperplasia of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, nephrocalcinosis with I, II, V types. A new tubulopathy HELIX syndrome is described in detail, the name is formed by the first letters of symptoms (Hypohidrosis, Electrolyte imbalance, Lacrimal gl and dysfunction, Ichthyosis, Xerostomia), due to mutations in the CLDN10 gene encoding Claudin-10b necessary for paracellular reabsorption of Na+ in the thick ascending part of the loop of Henle and exocrine glands. HELIX syndrome is manifested by extrarenal symptoms (dysfunction of the salivary, sweat, lacrimal glands with impaired secretion of water into saliva, sweat — hypohidrosis and tears — alacrima) and renal (hypokalemia, hypermagnesemia, less often hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypocalciuria).
Health status of children born from pregnant women with placenta accreta
Authors: Omarova Kh. M. , Omarova R. G. , Osmanova M. A. , Magomedova Z. I. , Kazakbieva D. A. , Khashaeva T. Kh.-M. , Magomedova I. Kh.
Published: July 2023

One of the frequent causes of massive obstetric bleeding is placenta accreta, an unpredictable and iatrogenic pathology, where maternal mortality varies from 7 to 52%. The purpose of the study: to assess the condition of newborns from pregnant women with placenta accreta.Material and methods. Seventy pregnant women and their 70 newborns were examined, of which: 40 with placenta accreta and their 40 newborns who made up the 1st group; 30 healthy pregnant women and their 30 newborns who made up the 2nd control group. A retrospective analysis of the course of gestation and perinatal outcomes was carried out. Questionnaire charts were compiled to collect obstetric, gynecological and somatic history. The assessment of newborns was carried out on the Apgar score at the 1st and 5th minutes. Ultrasound and neurosonography of newborns were used.Results. Analyzing the results of the study, it was found that women with placenta accreta often have a violation of utero-placental-fetal circulation, childbirth ends prematurely, while premature babies are often born in a state of asphyxia. These children have a high incidence of neurological disorders, more complex postnatal adaptation is observed, and concomitant pathology is more often detected.Conclusion. It is possible that the high frequency of asphyxia and neurological diseases in children born to women with placenta accreta is associated with a violation of utero-placental-fetal circulation during pregnancy and a prematurity. These data are very important not only for obstetricians making it possible to develop tactics for the management and delivery of a pregnant woman with placenta accreta, but also for neonatologists to correctly assess the condition of the fetus, determine the tactics of management and treatment of newborns, as well as including them from an early stage in a high-risk group for neurological disorders.
Analysis of variability of clinical manifestations in children with Marfan syndrome
Authors: Nikolaeva E. A. , Semyachkina A. N. , Gritsevskaya D. Yu. , Putintsev A. N. , Nikolsky D. A. , Kuftina L. A. , Voinova V. Yu.
Published: July 2023

Marfan syndrome is often found in clinical practice, first of all, by pediatricians, cardiologists, orthopedists, ophthalmologists. The disease is caused by heterozygous mutations of the FBN1 gene. This gene encodes the fibrillin-1 glycoprotein, which is a component of elastic microfibrils of connective tissue. Based on the examination of adult patients with Marfan syndrome, it was suggested that the variability of the clinical symptoms is apparently largely due to the nucleotide variants of the FBN1 gene.Purpose. Comparative analysis of clinical and genetic data of a group of children with molecularly and genetically confirmed Marfan syndrome.Results. Examination of 55 children showed that the clinical picture of Marfan syndrome is characterized by various symptom complexes. The most severe form of the disease with the presence of a triad of cardinal signs (aortic dilatation, ectopia lentis, skeletal disorders) was diagnosed in less than 1/3 of cases. In more than 2/3 of patients, individual cardinal manifestations were absent, making the symptom complex incomplete. According to the molecular genetic results, the patients were divided into 2 groups: 31 children had FBN1 gene mutations leading to haploinsufficiency, or loss-of-function (LoF) mutations; 24 children had FBN1 gene mutations with a dominant negative effect. Comparison of clinical and genetic data of patients of these two groups showed that LoF mutations were significantly (p<0.05) associated with the indicator of involvement in the pathological process of connective tissue, with an earlier manifestation of pathology of the visual organ and at the same time with the absence of ectopia lentis.Conclusion. Further analysis of clinical and genetic relationships is required to develop criteria for predicting the course of Marfan syndrome and substantiating medical observation of patients.