bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender stereotypes and career aspirations in secondary school education
Authors: Csernus Fanni , Siegler Anna
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research was to examine gender-based discrimination and gender stereotypes that affect the career aspirations of secondary school students in Hungary. During the research, the experiences and attitudes of 1,073 students were measured along the following dimensions: 1) agreement with gender stereotypes, 2) awareness of gender-based negative discrimination in the field of labour market, 3) experiences of gender-based discrimination at school, 4) educational programs dealing with gender-based discrimination, 5) individual visions of a career in the future, and 6) a possible solution to gender-based discrimination. Young people who agree more with general gender stereotypes and occupational stereotypes tend to feel that their gender has a greater impact on their career choices and are more likely to worry about their future than those who agree less with the stereotypes. Students who experienced unfair treatment during grading or other situations because of their gender also reported that their gender tends to have a greater influence on the profession they choose, and they believe that their gender would have less influence on their professional future abroad. These students are more likely to worry about their future livelihoods than those who have not experienced such treatment. Finally, those who learned about gender-based discrimination in career choices at school and discussed the inequalities show a significantly higher awareness of the disadvantaged position of women in the labour market and less endorsement of general gender stereotypes than those who were not informed about them. In summary, gender-based differentiation of students is associated with more salient stereotypic attitudes and threats, while school programs about gender stereotypes and their eradication are associated with less stereotypes, higher awareness and reporting of discriminatory experiences, and the reduction of distinction and discrimination among peers.
A büntetés-végrehajtási pártfogó felügyelői tevékenység kontroll- és támogató jellegének vizsgálata
Authors: Mitrovics Zoltán
Published: January 2025

A hazai büntetés-végrehajtási pártfogó felügyelet tekintetében a 2014. évben történt jelentős szervezeti változás hatásaként, az addig egységes pártfogó felügyelői szolgálatból egy kettéválasztott pártfogó felügyelői tevékenység jött létre. A kettéválasztás eredményeképpen a tevékenységek közül a feltételes szabadság tartamára törvény alapján fennálló vagy elrendelt pártfogó felügyelettel kapcsolatos pártfogó felügyelői feladatok végrehajtása a büntetés-végrehajtás szervezetéhez kerültek át a kormányhivatalokból. A büntetés-végrehajtási intézetekben büntetés-végrehajtási pártfogó felügyelők kezdték meg működésüket. Tanulmányomban egy, a 2020/2021. évben elvégzett kutatás eredményeinek bemutatására törekszem. A kutatás témája a hazai büntetés-végrehajtási intézetekben dolgozó pártfogó felügyelők szerepének vizsgálata a büntetés-végrehajtás reintegrációs tevékenységében, különös tekintettel a támogató és kontroll funkciók érvényesítésére.
Hogyan lehet egy ideális pontrendszerből humántőke-alapú nyugdíjrendszerre áttérni?
Authors: BANYÁR József
Published: January 2025

A 2023 őszén megjelent tanulmányomban arról írtam, hogy a mai magyar nyugdíjrendszert hogyan lehetne egy ideális pontrendszerré (IP) átalakítani, amelyhez modellként a folyó finanszírozású (FF) német pontrendszer adná a modellt, de azt itt-ott javasoltam ,,feljavítani". Csak röviden ugyan, de ebben a tanulmányban jeleztem, hogy -- bár egy IP rendszer megvalósítása már önmagában is ambiciózus vállalás lenne (de persze olyan, amit érdemes lenne meglépni) -- számomra nem ez lenne az elérendő cél, hanem a humántőke-alapú (HT) nyugdíjrendszer, amelynek sok részletkérdését már több helyen kifejtettem. Ebben a cikkben azt mutatom meg, hogy az IP rendszer jó alap a HT rendszerhez, viszonylag egyszerűen át lehet térni erről arra. Persze a mögöttes megfontolások nem egyszerűek, mint azt majd látni fogjuk.
A MedRank algoritmus korlátai
Authors: TASNÁDI Attila , BEDNAY Dezső , FLEINER Balázs
Published: January 2025

A szavazási eljárások távolságminimalizálási problémák megoldásaiként is levezethetők. A MedRank algoritmus meglehetősen erős feltételek mellett minimalizálja a Spearman-féle colstok távolságot. Rávilágítunk ennek az eredménynek a korlátaira, és megvizsgáljuk a MedRank algoritmus egy finomítását is. Emellett megmutatjuk, hogy az analóg probléma nem merül fel a Spearman-féle rangkorreláció minimalizálásakor, ami a Borda-szavazást eredményezi.
Értékválasztások a Pécsi Tudományegyetem hallgatói körében
Authors: Grünhut Zoltán , Bodor Ákos
Published: January 2025

Jelen tanulmány a Pécsi Tudományegyetem hallgatói körében vizsgálja a jellemző értékválasztásokat. A Ronald Inglehart és Christian Welzel nevéhez köthető értékelmélethez fordul koncepcionális háttérként. Az írás első része általánosságban tárgyalja az értékkutatás főbb irányzatait azzal a céllal, hogy az alkalmazott teória sajátosságai így jobban kidomborodjanak. Ezt követően a hazai értékkutatás több mint félévszázados történetét foglalja össze tömören a tanulmány, megemlítve a legfontosabb szerzőket és eredményeiket. E második fejezet törekvése rámutatni arra, hogy az évtizedek folyamán tulajdonképpen alig változtak a magyar társadalom értéktudatával kapcsolatos megállapítások. Végezetül az írás bemutatja saját felmérésünket, annak változóit, az elméleti kerethez kapcsolódó dimenziókat, valamint az eredmények pusztán leírói jellegű statisztikáját, továbbá összeveti azokat a hazai értékkutatás tendenciózus megállapításaival.
Objetos rituais Mehinako: ativar ou desativar os poderes do apapayëi?
Authors: Braida Roberta
Published: January 2025

No caso dos objetos rituais, os Mehinako passam por negociações prévias com os espíritos apapayêi, e o fazem com o intuito de conseguir proteção ou desaparecimento de dores, e cura de doenças. Essa negociação cosmológica ocorre quando a alma é encontrada em estado vulnerável. As pessoas devem tomar as devidas precauções quando estão de resguardo, como as mulheres quando menstruadas, ou quando sentem desejos sexuais ou alimentares, para assim evitar a atração dos apapayêi.
ONTOLOGIA AMERÍNDIA E AS RELAÇÕES ENTRE XAMÃS E ANIMAIS NAS TERRAS BAIXAS DA AMÉRICA DO SUL
Authors: Nobre Felipe Nunes
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste texto é refletir sobre o xamanismo entre os povos ameríndios das terras baixas da América do Sul, em especial a relação estabelecida entre xamãs e animais. Utilizando exemplos etnográficos dos povos Kamayurá, Krahô, Kaxinawá e Kaingang, acessados em bibliografia específica e em filmes etnográficos, pretendo discutir pontos como o tornar-se xamã, suas atribuições, relações com o mundo não-humano, formas de atuação e  a relação entre mitologia e xamanismo. Para compreender o papel dos xamãs em seus grupos e a forma como esses se relacionam com animais é preciso compreender como os povos indígenas percebem esses seres. Isso remete a debates sobre a distinção natureza/cultura e como diferentes culturas organizam e classificam os seres que habitam o cosmo.
NAÇÕES, NACIONALISMOS E IDENTIDADES: ALGUMAS POSSÍVEIS (DES)CONSTRUÇÕES
Authors: Freitas Renata Martins de
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica no intuito de compreender a construção e historicidade das noções de “nação”, “nacionalismo” e “identidades” e com isto, empreender desconstruções de ideias que aparentemente são naturalizadas, a-historicizadas e acriticamente reproduzidas. Percebe-se que as nações, nacionalismos e identidades são noções relacionais e têm sido utilizadas não somente no âmbito dos estudos culturais, mas politicamente, com intenções, estratégias e a partir de lugares de fala distintos.
VAMOS FALAR SOBRE O PORTUNHOL
Authors: Mozzillo Isabella
Published: January 2025

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A DIVISÃO SEXUAL DO TRABALHO NO ASSENTAMENTO ZUMBI DOS PALMARES EM CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES (RJ)
Authors: Silva Marinete dos Santos , Silva Alessandra Maria da
Published: January 2025

Este artigo se propõe a analisar a situação vivenciada pelas mulheres do Assentamento Zumbi dos Palmares em Campos dos Goytacazes, norte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no que se refere à divisão sexual do trabalho com seus maridos e companheiros. Para tanto, utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa com entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicadas a dez mulheres do Núcleo 1 do assentamento. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Foi possível concluir que a divisão sexual do trabalho é vista tradicionalmente como natural e complementar. Ela cria, na verdade, uma profunda desigualdade de gênero que deixa as mulheres sem autonomia, incapacitando-as do ponto de vista técnico e tornando-as ainda mais vulneráveis à dominação e à violência masculinas. Somente as mulheres viúvas ou divorciadas conseguiram alcançar algum grau de independência, autonomia financeira e laboral.
Nem Tempo, nem Método. Nem História, nem Antropologia. O que é Arqueologia?
Authors: Thiesen Beatriz Valladão , Pouguet Martial
Published: January 2025

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Arqueologia das Margens: pensando paisagens e fronteiras
Authors: Avila Costa Vanessa
Published: January 2025

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A (re) configuração do espaço social com a “mãe água”: uma etnografia a partir da Barragem de Figueira Gorda – Santiago – Cabo Verde
Authors: Moreira Evandra Cristina Gonçalves
Published: January 2025

O arquipélago Saheliano coloca imenso desafios para o desenvolvimento sustentável. O histórico das secas sem dúvida é a mais preponderância de uma política baseada nos princípios da sustentabilidade, a gestão dos recursos hídricos, no incentivo a agronegócio e o discurso do desenvolvimento rural. Contrariando o paradigma de luta contra a seca, concretizada pela construção de inúmeras barragens em Cabo Verde. O que fez com que os agricultores adequassem a uma nova ordem e estratégia de modernização, das suas práticas e técnicas utilizadas. Pois, caso excepcional, trata-se neste texto, a (re)configuração do espaço social com a implantação da Barragem de Figueira Gorda, obra financiada pelo governo português ao governo de Cabo Verde. Com uma das estratégias de impulsionar os agricultores para uma agricultura virada para o mercado, bem como a gestão da água. Aqui analisaremos como os agricultores estão nesse processo e quais as estratégias utilizadas como forma de responder ao objetivo estabelecidos pelas barragens. A partir de uma etnografia nas imediações da BFG irei trazer os desafios dos agricultores no processo da modernização da agricultura.
A FRONTEIRA EM IMAGENS
Authors: Alfonso Louise Prado , Karinae Pereira Isis
Published: January 2025

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UMA LINHA É UMA LINHA, MAS TAMBÉM PODE SER A LINHA
Authors: Fiorini Marques Gustavo
Published: January 2025

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Les retombées d’un accompagnement en Communication NonViolente (CNV) sur le développement des compétences socioémotionnelles du personnel scolaire d’une école primaire
Authors: Vachon Isabelle , Guézennec Lena
Published: January 2025

Cet article présente les retombées de l'accompagnement en Communication NonViolente sur le développement des compétences socioémotionnelles du personnel scolaire d'une école primaire. Il montre d’abord les orientations d’un projet pilote visant des interventions bienveillantes envers soi et envers les autres. Il définit ensuite les compétences socioémotionnelles du Collaborative for academic, social, and emotional learning (CASEL, 2017) et l'approche de la Communication NonViolente de Rosenberg (2016). Des résultats exemplifient les apprentissages réalisés par les personnes participantes. Enfin, les apports et les limites du projet sont exposés, et quelques recommandations pour soutenir l'intégration de cette approche auprès d’autres écoles sont formulées.
Regulation of Mutant Huntingtin Mitochondrial Toxicity by Phosphomimetic Mutations within Its N-Terminal Region
Authors: Yablonska Svitlana , Strohlein Colleen E. , Baranov Sergei V. , Yeh Stacy M. , Patel Aashka , Singh Tanisha , Jauhari Abhishek , Kim JinHo , Khattar Nicolas K. , Li Fang , Wang Xiaomin , Chang Yue-Fang , Lee C. Y. Daniel , Yang X. William , Carlisle Diane L. , Friedlander Robert M.
Published: January 2025

Huntington's disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disease, affects approximately 30,000 people in the United States, with 200,000 more at risk. Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by mutant huntingtin (mHTT) drives early HD pathophysiology. mHTT binds the translocase of the mitochondrial inner membrane (TIM23) complex, inhibiting mitochondrial protein import and altering the mitochondrial proteome. The 17 aa HTT N-terminal sequence (N17) acts as a regulatory domain in HD pathogenesis; phosphomimetic modification of serines 13 and 16 of the N17 domain impacts subcellular localization and degradation and ameliorates toxicity in mouse and cell models of HD. Using cellular and mouse (either sex) HD models, we investigated the mechanisms by which HTT phosphorylation affects intracellular localization. We demonstrate that introducing phosphomimetic mutations within the mHTT fragment N17 domain decreased TIM23 binding affinity and reduced inhibition of mHTT-mediated mitochondrial protein import. BACHD-SD mice expressing full-length mHTT harboring the same two N17 phosphomimetic mutations have an ameliorated HD-like phenotype as compared with mice expressing mHTT. Consistent with reduced toxicity in vivo, we found that the amount of full-length mHTT in the brain mitochondria of BACHD-SD transgenic mice is less when the mHTT has two phosphomimetic mutations. To complement the relevance of the phosphomimetic HTT findings, endogenous N17 phospho-mHTT is less likely to translocate to the mitochondria compared with nonphosphorylated mHTT. We demonstrate that phosphorylation of mHTT at serines 13 and 16 is critical for negatively regulating mHTT mitochondrial targeting and that reducing mHTT mitochondrial localization and binding to TIM23 results in amelioration of mHTT-induced mitochondrial and neuronal toxicity.
Latent Profile Analysis of College Student's Consideration of Future Consequence and Validation of Influence Factors and Results Factor
Authors:   Korea Assoc Hum Develop, Heo In Hwa , Cho Han Ik
Published: January 2025

This study aims to identify different latent groups among college students based on their consideration of future consequences. We used latent profile analysis to achieve this goal. The study included 590 college students (272 males and 318 females). The results showed that the researchers could identify two latent groups among college students based on their consideration of future outcomes. The first group was the present outcome interest group, and the second group was the future-oriented effort group. We also found that future time perspective, present fatalistic time perspective, agreeableness, and self-efficacy influenced the classification of the latent groups. Additionally, the study revealed significant differences in self-regulatory ability between the two groups. This study is significant as it sheds light on college students' different goals and behaviors based on their consideration of future outcomes. The study also provides valuable insights into the necessary intervention measures to change behavior.
Biografia transgraniczna. Migracje jako problem tożsamości w polskim wieku XIX
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Dąbrowicz Elżbieta
Published: January 2025

The paper discusses the phenomenon of Poles’ nineteenth-century migrations documented in broadly understood literature in the biographical perspective. The proposed term transborder biography refers to the experience connected with the recurrence of crossing the borders (political, social, environmental, cultural) and attempts at putting down roots in new conditions forced by circumstances (political, social, economic).
Narracje architektury czasów postmodernizmu
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Kostaszuk-Romanowska Monika
Published: January 2025

Postmodernism introduced the rule form follows fiction into the contemporary architecture. It meant the subordination of the mass of buildings to symbolic stories “told” by them. In the paper the author presents semantic interpretations of the most interesting architectural designs in recent years. They are presented in a thematic catalogue comprising narrations of traditions, “ethnic” and tourist narrations, landscape and nature narrations, sea narrations, as well as kinetic, fairy-tale and “graphic” ones.
Dekonstrukcja mitu jako (ponowna) mitologizacja (Parnicki i Hegel)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Gołuński Mirosław
Published: January 2025

In the paper the author discusses the problem of self-mythologization as a consequence of the results of previous demythologization of the text of history. In the first part the phenomenon is described on the example of the novel by Teodor Parnicki, Nowa baśń part I, in which the process of self-mythologization is consciously created by the writer. The second part of the article discusses Hegel’s Wykłady z filozofii dziejów (Lectures on the Philosophy of History). In this case analogous, but at this time unconscious, processes, which the German philosopher underwent, are observed. In both cases it is a process, in the result of which the deconstructors of myths create new myths, in fact, immediately, because irrespective of their assurances they do not aim at objectivity, but they build narrations which are originally supposed to realize their own goals.
Policija i politika književnosti u romanu Vježbanje života Nedjeljka Fabrija
Authors: Tadić-Šokac Sanja
Published: January 2025

U ovom se radu motre policija i politika književnosti u rancièreovskom smislu u romanu Vježbanje života (1985.) Nedjeljka Fabrija (1937. – 2018.). Naime, Jacques Rancière (1940.) estetiku je prizemljio s visina čiste umjetnosti prema zajedničkoj stvarnosti oblika i transformacija osjetilnog iskustva, što je vidljivo u eseju Le Partage du sensible iz 2000. godine. Njegova je teorija postala poticajan okvir za domišljanje inventivnih načina povezivanje političke teorije i estetike. On u svom kritičkim sustavu razlikuje policiju i politiku književnosti. Kada se motri policija književnosti u romanu Vježbanje života, uočavaju se razne političke rasprave, iznošenje osobnih stavova protagonista o pojedinim (političkim) pitanjima i kritika društva u kojem živimo i radimo. Fabrio na posve nov način provodi podjelu osjetilnog što je vidljivo u upotrebi različitih narativnih strategija u romanu. Umeće on brojne priče u priči, unosi različite oblike tekstova, koristi brojna tipografska rješenja i nadilazi tradicionalne žanrovske odlike prisutne u romanu. Upotreba tih narativnih strategija, neuobičajenih za prozna djela u hrvatskoj književnosti do pojave Vježbanja života, razgolićuje politiku književnosti sustavno provedenu na razini cijeloga romana Nedjeljka Fabrija. Autor progovara o raznim temama i pritom je zaštićen od svakog tipa cenzure (političke, religijske, i sl.) baš putem književnosti. Sloboda koju književnost nudi autoru je „moćno političko oružje, koje ipak može u trenutku biti neutralizirano kao fikcija” (Derrida).
Ciljano anektiranje kao jedna od metoda istraživanja jezičnoga sukoba u Ukrajini: prednosti i ograničenja
Authors: Fuderer Tetyana
Published: January 2025

U članku se predstavljaju rezultati anketiranja ciljne skupine koje je provedeno 2019. godine u ukrajinskim gradovima (Ivano-Frankivsk, Bila Cerkva, Poltava i Mikolajiv) kako bi se utvrdio stupanj osviještenosti postojanja jezičnoga sukoba kod stanovnika navedenih gradova te kako bi se na primjeru podataka prikupljenih u gradu Poltava odredili mehanizmi širenja jezične ideologije u masovnoj jezičnoj svijesti. Istražuje se utjecaj tih jezičnih ideologija na samu jezičnu situaciju u konkretno odabranom gradu i cijeloj državi. Daje se istraživačka metodologija koja u anketne upitnike uključuje ulomke objava s društvenih mreža na temu jezičnoga sukoba u Ukrajini. Obrazlažu se prednosti metode anketiranja kao jednog od suvremenih alata sociolingvističkog istraživanja, posebno u proučavanju konfliktnog potencijala ukrajinske jezične situacije, u praćenju dinamike jezične situacije, promjena u javnoj svijesti povezanih s jezičnim pitanjima u različitim skupinama podijeljenim prema dobi, obrazovanju i mjestu stanovanja. Uspostavljene korelacije potvrđuju visok stupanj inertnosti jezičnih stavova u masovnoj svijesti Ukrajinaca, što može objasniti slabu dinamiku ukrajinske jezične situacije u razdoblju prije rata i neučinkovitost državne jezične politike. Određuju se mogućnosti produbljivanja sociolingvističkih istraživanja u Ukrajini kroz prizmu jezičnogа sukoba.
Neka obilježja Pupačićeva leksika u zbirci pjesama Mladići
Authors: Baričević Sanja
Published: January 2025

Poetski tekst može se raščlanjivati različitim metodama koje pripadaju području lingvostilistike. U ovome se radu kvantitativnom metodom raščlanjuju morfološka i leksička obilježja ranoga stvaralaštva Josipa Pupačića, odnosno njegove prve objavljene zbirke Mladići (1955). Određuju se leksička raznolikost i leksička gustoća te se daje uvid u zastupljenost pojedine vrste riječi i bogatstvo leksika. Leksička gustoća i raznolikost idu u prilog tvrdnji o jednostavnosti Pupačićeva stila i ponavljanju kao njegovoj bitnoj odrednici. Zastupljenost pojedine vrste riječi povezuje se sa stilskim obilježjima Pupačićeva teksta. Kao bitno obilježje tumači se i veća zastupljenost pojedinih suznačnih riječi, poput zamjenica i veznika. Najzastupljenija vrsta riječi nakon imenica i glagola u Pupačićevu je stvaralaštvu zamjenica, a posvojna zamjenica moj četvrta je najzastupljenija riječ u korpusu. Sintagmatske veze sa zamjenicom moj i posvojnim zamjenicama kao zavisnom sastavnicom donose i motive koji su konstantni u Pupačićevu stvaralaštvu. Izdvajaju se najzastupljenije natuknice te se raščlanjuju kao idejno-motivske konstante prve faze njegova stvaralaštva. Na temelju najzastupljenijih sastavnica tumači se značenjski sloj teksta. Najzastupljeniji leksemi u tekstu kuća, more, brat, braća, sestra, nebo, voda, rijeka itd. potvrđuju dva kompleksa u njegovu stvaralaštvu – animističko- panteistički i obiteljski kompleks (Lemac 2017).
Auffindbarkeit und Navigation als Herausforderungen
Authors: Riefler Bernd
Published: January 2025

Die Mediennutzung im Auto war lange durch Einfachheit geprägt. Primärquelle für Medieninhalte war das Radio, das einfach und direkt erreichbar war. Weitere Quellen hatten sich seit Jahren etabliert, etwa Kassettenspieler oder CD-Spieler, die ebenfalls direkt – teilweise über eigene Tasten – genutzt werden konnten. Für die Zukunft ist davon auszugehen, dass die Quellen weiter verschmelzen werden, die Angebotsvielfalt für Audio-Inhalte und darüber hinaus noch weiterwachsen wird. Daraus resultiert zwangsläufig eine Verschiebung der Herausforderungen. Zukünftig wird es viel mehr um Themen der Auffindbarkeit und Navigation durch die Inhaltevielfalt gehen als primär um die grundsätzliche Verfügbarkeit von Inhalten.
Bestehende Regelungen konsequent durchsetzen!
Authors: Verheyen Sabine , Gläser Martin
Published: January 2025

In seinem Buch „Big Tech muss weg“ und dem gemeinsam mit Prof. Dr. Karl-Nikolaus Peifer verfassten Beitrag in der Ausgabe 4/2023 der MedienWirtschaft zeigt Dr. Martin Andree, wie die großen digitalen Plattformen in den letzten Jahren das digitale Mediensystem in Deutschland dominiert haben. Andree plädiert für einen digitalen Neustart, um einen vielfältigen digitalen Markt zu ermöglichen und schlägt verschiedene Maßnahmen vor. Ein Teil dieser Maßnahmen ist nun im Rahmen der europäischen Regulierungspakete Digital Services Act (DSA) und Digital Markets Act (DMA) für Plattformanbieter verpflichtend geworden. DSA und DMA sind Mitte Februar bzw. März 2024 in Kraft getreten. In Deutschland setzt die Bundesregierung den DSA derzeit im Rahmen des Digitale-Dienste-Gesetzes um. In Heft 1/2024 veröffentlichten wir ein von Lukas Erbrich geführtes Interview mit Tabea Rößner, Vorsitzende des Digitalausschusses und Bundestagsabgeordnete von Bündnis 90/Die Grünen. Sie räumte ein, dass sie sich an einigen Stellen weitergehende Maßnahmen im DSA und DMA gewünscht hätte. Rößner zeigte sich einigen Vorschlägen von Andree und Peifer gegenüber aufgeschlossen, insbesondere hinsichtlich des Verbots der Monetarisierung strafbarer Inhalte. Sie sah jedoch keine Notwendigkeit, Plattformen mit Medien gleichzusetzen, um Plattformen gezielt zu regulieren. Auch Regulierungsansätze wie die Entflechtung von Teilen großer Plattformkonzerne hielt Frau Rößner grundsätzlich für sinnvoll. Sie hinterfragte jedoch die praktische Umsetzbarkeit solcher Maßnahmen und deren mögliche Auswirkungen auf die Netzneutralität, insbesondere im Hinblick auf mögliche Netzentgelte für Inhalteanbieter. Heute stellen wir der Ersten Vizepräsidentin des Europäischen Parlaments, Frau Sabine Verheyen, bezugnehmnend auf den Beitrag von Andree/Peifer ähnliche Fragen und sind gespannt auf ihre Antworten.
How Can We Learn from Milieus?
Authors: Sabolius Kristupas
Published: January 2025

Environmental education requires a philosophical reevaluation. As evidence of this need, Humphreys and Blenkinsop (2017) note that educational theories remain fragmented due to the absence of strong philosophical foundations, while the educational discourse also lacks the coherence needed to transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries. Additionally, Sonu and Snaza (2016) argue that failing to question the assumptions underlying the concept of the human subject risks grounding the relationship between humans and the world in a ‘momentary ethic’, where partial knowledge is tied to accidental actions. In light of these critiques, it is clear that environmental education requires a philosophical reevaluation and rearticulation of issues such as entanglement to and with the individual. This paper argues that the abstract notion of ‘environment’, defined by its distinction from the individual, contrasts with the idea of ‘milieu’, which implies a connection to the individual, making the milieu a solid foundation for developing a philosophical theory of education. This argument is supported by bringing together theoretical and practical dimensions – namely, Gilbert Simondon’s theoretical concept of the ‘associated milieu’ and Phenomenon-Based Learning as a concrete educational practice. This approach not only identifies the individual as directly connected to the milieu but also demonstrates the potential to develop processes of connectedness to milieus as educational practices. In this respect, integrating philosophical insights with educational practices complements theories of environmental education, thereby creating an educational dimension which unites complex natural, cultural, and social phenomena.
Globalūs iššūkiai kaip švietimo organizacijų vadovų globalias kompetencijas įgalinantys veiksniai
Authors: Bilbokaitė-Skiauterienė Ieva , Bilbokaitė Renata
Published: January 2025

Changes taking place in the world, such as, i.e. pandemics, immigration, the geopolitical situation, global inclusive education, ecology, in context, and global competencies, which include understanding of the broad context and worldview, communication-based on understanding and respect, ensuring the common well-being, are a set of interdisciplinary and intercultural values and actions based on them, which help to create a successful educational system. The study aims to analyze the factors of global challenges that condition the empowerment of the global competencies of heads of educational institutions. A qualitative approach was chosen for the research - a survey with open questions to reveal diverse viewpoints. Thirty-five heads of educational institutions participated in the study. Latent content analysis was used to analyze the research data. The study results showed that global competence, in the context of the pandemic, was developed by creating networking and cooperation, implementing solutions for transferring education to virtual spaces, promoting the active involvement of students in the educational process, and implementing educational goals. The immigration challenge caused the need for global competencies of education managers in managing the integration and education processes: the institutions faced the language barrier of the interested parties and the lack of interculturality. The global understanding of school leaders, based on the experience of foreign educational institutions, using various measures, is one of the solutions to the global immigration challenge. The challenge of ecological problems encourages the expression of global competencies of school leaders because the lack of infrastructure in educational organizations is experienced - sustainability is achieved through the purposeful use of resources, conservation, and the realization of various ideas in the educational process. School leaders develop global competencies to overcome the challenge of equality and inclusion through project and international activities and cooperation, considering examples of good practice and diversity of opinions.
The Concept of Milieu as the Possibility of Overloading Education as the Territorialization of Anthropocentric Life
Authors: Kairė Sandra
Published: January 2025

The paper raises the problem of education at a theoretical level as an anthropocentric territorialization of life and seeks to consider the possibility of introducing a philosophical concept of the milieu in education as a possible solution to this problem. The paper examines the interpretation of the milieu concept from a philosophical point of view and discusses the manifestations of the concept of milieu in the field of educational science. It then draws on Linda Knight’s (2016) analysis of the playground as a medium, as well as on other empirical studies actualizing the changes in the child’s relationship to the environment and to non-humans in the context of the Anthropocene epoch with the objective to show how the concept of the milieu complements and highlights the fact that, in the process of education, radical encounters between the different actors can appear, in which the dualities of educator/pupil, teaching/learning, and human/non-human can be dissolved. The paper also argues that the concept of the milieu can help to rethink the fact that learning in specific places (both inside and outside of educational institutions) creates an awareness of the interconnectedness of all organisms and the possibility of experiencing it, which is relevant for the construction of a relationship between human beings and other species, and thus for the reduction of the territorialization of anthropocentric life in education.
Attitudes towards Refugees from Ukraine in Poland with Special Consideration of Young Ukrainians in the Eyes of Polish Students, as Exemplified by the Olkusz Region
Authors: Kamionka Mateusz
Published: January 2025

After the outbreak of a full-scale war in Ukraine, thousands of children – refugees from Ukraine – appeared in Polish schools. On 1 September 2022, there were about 800,000 school-age children and teenagers from Ukraine in Poland. This caused changes in schools where, previously, the vast majority of students were Poles, especially in small towns and the countryside. Considering the above, the article will present the results of a pilot study from the town of Olkusz which can be called a ‘typical’ medium-sized Polish town. The qualitative research involved 280 young people aged 16–21. In the study, they were asked about their attitudes towards their friends from Ukraine and about their situation at school. The research is a pilot study; according to the author, the relationship between students from Poland and Ukraine in Polish schools has not yet been sufficiently explored. The results show that young people, despite their experience in helping Ukraine, are not particularly interested in contact with their peers from Ukraine and in their culture, but, on the other hand, they would not mind if their friend had a girlfriend or boyfriend from Ukraine. They also see that their Ukrainian friends have language problems, but there is no substantial language barrier between them. Research also shows the need for young people to learn about intercultural issues. Poland, accepting thousands of immigrants, like other Central European countries, must prepare for a gradual change in educational policy.
Neoliberalusis aukštojo mokslo diskursas Lietuvos universitetų jungimo kontekste
Authors: Bružienė Rūta
Published: January 2025

University mergers are closely linked to the neoliberal higher education discourse which relies on competitiveness and the adoption of best market practices in institutional settings. The necessity of a second wave of university mergers has been dictated by the neoliberal order of higher education. The drive for greater competitiveness, more efficient system management and a better response to societal needs through university mergers coincides with the neoliberal higher education discourse. While mergers are not a new practice, they are often chosen as a policy instrument precisely because of the neoliberal conditions under which the system is organised. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to investigate how neoliberal discourses have been used to shape the perception of the need for university mergers in Lithuania.The analysis of online media messages related to university mergers (2005–2020) reveals that university mergers are an integral part of the discussions on other structural reforms of higher education, such as governance or funding. University mergers are framed as an imminent and obligatory solution to a wide range of higher education problems, mainly targeting discourses on study quality and international competitiveness. And while the arguments seem to remain similar over time, the content of both quality and competitiveness concepts is changing. Initially, quality was associated with standard setting and societal needs, with a later shift towards internationalisation and the labour market needs. The notion of competitiveness is also changing, from seeking to attract more domestic students, to the vision of attracting high-level academics and students from abroad, becoming regional or even European leaders and reaching top rankings.
Breeding success of red-legged partridges Alectoris Rufa in relation to landscape mosaic
Authors: P Bongi , MC Fabbri , E Mori , Frate M Del
Published: January 2025

Red-legged partridge restocking is a common practice in hunting management in Italy, as the species has become very Uncommon in its native range, mostly following habitat loss. Therefore, habitat suitability plays a key role in the successful Reintroduction and especially in the breeding success of this game species. A landscape mosaic can affect the persistence and the reproductive success of partridges.
Some wild plants harvested from nature and consumed
Authors: Funda Arslanoglu Şahane
Published: January 2025

The region where the plant collections were made has a temperate climate and is located in the north of Turkey. Various plant species are distributed in the region where both maritime and continental climates prevail.
Ukraine in the civilizational flows of early modernity
Authors: Bachynska Olena , Bovhyria Andrii , Voitovych Leontii , Horobets Viktor , Hrybovskyi Vladyslav , Hurzhii Oleksandr , Masliychuk Volodymyr , Milchev Volodymyr , Parshin Illia , Poltorak Volodymyr , Sas Petro , Sereda Oleksandr , Smolii Valeriy , Stanislavskyi Vyacheslav , Stepankov Valerii , Chukhlib Taras , Sherbak Vitaliy
Published: January 2025

From a broad comparative context and various interpretative approaches, a multifaceted and multi-aspect model of the historical process course in Ukraine at the stage of early modern times is proposed in all its variety of local, regional, and national forms. The nation-building and state-building components, as well as the main markers of Ukrainian identity, are emphasized as consolidation factors.

Aimed at non-specialist audience.
Штучний інтелект: зміна парадигми у фундаментальних науках
Authors: Згуровський Михайло Захарович , Хіміч Олександр Миколайович
Published: January 2025

Цього року Нобелівський комітет відзначив преміями відразу у двох номінаціях проривні досягнення, основані на поєднанні класичних наук і штучного інтелекту. Нобелівську премію з фізики присуджено американському науковцю Джону Дж. Гопфілду (John J. Hopfield) з Принстонського університету і британсько-канадському інформатику, когнітивному психологу Джеффрі Е. Гінтону (Geoffrey E. Hinton) з Університету Торонто за «фундаментальні відкриття та винаходи, що уможливлюють машинне навчання за допомогою штучних нейронних мереж». У номінації з хімії Нобелівську премію отримали троє дослідників: американський біохімік та комп'ютерний біолог Девід Бейкер (David Baker) за «комп'ютерний дизайн білків», а також представники компанії Google DeepMind британський фахівець із систем штучного інтелекту Деміс Гассабіс (Demis Hassabis) і американський хімік та інформатик Джон Джампер (John M. Jumper) за «прогнозування структури білка».
Хан Канг: шлях розуміння колективної історії через індивідуальну естетику болю
Authors: Романова Ольга Вікторівна
Published: January 2025

Нобелівську премію з літератури у 2024 р. присуджено південнокорейській письменниці Хан Канг за її «гостру поетичну прозу, яка протистоїть історичним травмам і викриває крихкість людського життя». У пресрелізі Нобелівського комітету підкреслено, що Хан Канг у своїй творчості «протистоїть історичним травмам та невидимим наборам правил і в кожному зі своїх творів викриває крихкість людського життя. Вона має унікальне усвідомлення зв’язків між тілом і душею, живим і мертвим і завдяки своєму поетичному та експериментальному стилю стала новатором у сучасній прозі».
Simultaneous determination of theobromine (THEOB), theophylline (THEOP) and caffeine (CAF) in commercially available food products using UPLC technique
Authors: Ahmad Wasim , Ahmad Ayaz , Ghosn Sherihan Ahmad , Ali Abuzer , Ansari Mohd Nazam , Wahab Shadma , Ashraf Kamran
Published: January 2025

The aim of the current investigation to estimate the amount of theobromine (THEOB), theophylline (THEOP) and caffeine (CAF) concurrently using ultra performance liquid chromatography with photo diode array detector (UPLC-PDA) in ultrasound assisted extract of commercially available food products. The commercially available products are categorized in three different groups including teas, coffees and chocolates. The UPLC approach is rapid, precise, highly sensitive and cost effective for the concurrent assessment of THEOB, THEOP and CAF in ultrasound assisted extract of commercially available food products. The mobile phase comprises a mixture of water and ACN (90:10, v/v) for the concurrent assessment of THEOB, THEOP and CAF in ultrasound assisted extract of commercially available food products. The current approach operated on a linear scale range of 6.66–33.3 ng mL−1, 3.33–33.3 ng mL−1 and 3.33 – 33.3 ng mL−1, respectively, for THEOB, THEOP and CAF at 272.5 nm wavelength. The LOD for THEOB, THEOP and CAF were assessed to be 1.10 ± 0.001, 0.75 ± 0.000 and 0.48 ± 0.002 ng mL−1, respectively by applying the present approach. The LOQ for THEOB, THEOP and CAF were assessed to be 3.35 ± 0.009, 2.29 ± 0.001 and 1.47 ± 0.001 ng mL−1, respectively by applying the present approach. These findings confirmed that the current UPLC approach is highly sensitive, accurate, precise and robust for the concurrent assessment of THEOB, THEOP and CAF in ultrasound assisted extract of commercially available food products. Antioxidant activity of different teas, coffees, chocolates as well as standard THEOB, THEO and CAF were determined by DPPH method.
Feels good, and less bad: Problematic use of the Internet is associated with heightened experiences of both gratification and compensation
Authors: Wegmann Elisa , Antons Stephanie , Schmidt Lasse David , Klein Lena , Montag Christian , Rumpf Hans-Jürgen , Müller Silke M. , Brand Matthias
Published: January 2025

Background

During the development of addictive behaviors, theoretical models assume a shift from experience of gratification being a driver in early stages to experience of compensation which dominates at later stages of addiction development. Initial studies show a trend in this direction; however, this shift has not yet been investigated in clinical samples. We assume experienced gratification to be highest in individuals with risky use (indicating the beginning of the addiction process), and compensation to be highest in individuals with pathological use.

Methods

Data from 834 participants from a multi-center study (FOR2974) investigating specific Internet-use disorders (IUDs) including gaming, buying-shopping, pornography use, and social-network use disorders were analyzed about Experience of Gratification (EGS) and Experience of Compensation (ECS), symptom severity, use expectancies, and usage motives. A diagnostic interview based on DSM-5 criteria for gaming disorder was used to classify individuals into either non-problematic, risky, or pathological use group.

Results

The groups (non-problematic, risky, pathological) differed significantly regarding EGS and ECS. Individuals with pathological use reported highest experiences of compensation but equally high experienced gratification as individuals with risky use. Effects vary with respect to the specific behavior. All measures correlated significantly. Symptom severity was most strongly associated with facets of compensation.

Conclusion

The experience of gratification and compensation appear to be crucial for addiction-like Internet use. Experienced gratification is already high in individuals experiencing first negative consequences and appear to be stable in individuals with pathological use indicating the relevance of both positive and negative reinforcement during the addiction processes.
Forest cover change mapping based on Deep Neuron Network, GIS, and High-resolution Imagery
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Hoan , Ho Le Thu , Nguyen Van Dung , Hoa Thuy Quynh , Nguyen Kim Anh , Le Duc Hanh , Pham Van Duan , Phan Trong Trinh , Tran Van Phong
Published: January 2025

With the rapid advancement of technology, monitoring forest cover changes has become increasingly quantifiable through various techniques and methods. In this study, we developed a procedure that utilizes the Deep Neuron Network (DNN) model and the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based on high-resolution imagery captured at different time points to create forest cover change maps in Nui Luot, Chuong My, Hanoi. Two RGB (Red-Green-Blue) spectral images were captured by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) at two different time points (pre-scene and post-scene) and used to extract information for the DNN model to produce land cover maps for these two time points. The land cover classification was divided into four classes: (1) Trees, (2) Vacant, (3) Built area and others, and (4) Water surface. Combined with GIS analysis, the forest cover change maps were developed to quantify detailed increases or losses in forest cover based on the "Trees" class. The model's accuracy was evaluated using parameters such as the area Under the ROC Curve (AUC), Accuracy (ACC), Precision, Recall, F1-Score, Kappa, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The analysis results indicate that from January 31, 2023, to October 20, 2023, the forest cover in the study area decreased by 0.53%. The accuracy metrics for the pre-change scene were: average AUC = 0.922, ACC = 76.86%, average Precision = 0.743, average Recall = 0.73, average F1-Score = 0.723, Kappa = 0.692, and RMSE = 0.297. For the post-change scene, the accuracy metrics were: average AUC = 0.954, ACC = 81.89%, average Precision = 0.823, average Recall = 0.815, average F1-Score = 0.818, Kappa = 0.758, and RMSE = 0.262. A deforestation scenario was constructed to evaluate the effectiveness of the DNN models in assessing and monitoring forest dynamics.
Bayesian Evaluation of Replication Studies
Authors: Leplaa Hidde Jelmer , Rietbergen Charlotte , Hoijtink Herbert
Published: January 2025

In this paper a method is proposed to determine whether the result from an original study is corroborated in a replication study. The paper is illustrated using two replication studies and the corresponding original studies from the Reproducibility Project: Psychology by the Open Science Collaboration. This method emphasizes the need to determine what one wants to replicate from the original paper. This can be done by translating the research hypotheses formulated in the introduction into informative hypotheses, or, by translating the results into interval hypotheses. The Bayes factor will be used to determine whether the hypotheses resulting from the original study are corroborated by the replication study. Our method to assess the successfulness of replication will better fit the needs and desires of researchers in fields that use replication studies.
Approximate Implication for Probabilistic Graphical Models
Authors: Kenig Batya
Published: January 2025

The graphical structure of Probabilistic Graphical Models (PGMs) represents the conditional independence (CI) relations that hold in the modeled distribution. Every separator in the graph represents a conditional independence relation in the distribution, making them the vehicle through which new conditional independence relations are inferred and verified. The notion of separation in graphs depends on whether the graph is directed (i.e., a Bayesian Network), or undirected (i.e., a Markov Network).
The premise of all current systems-of-inference for deriving CIs in PGMs, is that the set of CIs used for the construction of the PGM hold exactly. In practice, algorithms for extracting the structure of PGMs from data discover approximate CIs that do not hold exactly in the distribution. In this paper, we ask how the error in this set propagates to the inferred CIs read off the graphical structure. More precisely, what guarantee can we provide on the inferred CI when the set of CIs that entailed it hold only approximately? It has recently been shown that in the general case, no such guarantee can be provided.
In this work, we prove new negative and positive results concerning this problem. We prove that separators in undirected PGMs do not necessarily represent approximate CIs. In other words, no guarantee can be provided for CIs inferred from the structure of undirected graphs. We prove that such a guarantee exists for the set of CIs inferred in directed graphical models, making the d-separation algorithm a sound and complete system for inferring approximate CIs. We also establish improved approximation guarantees for independence relations derived from marginal and saturated CIs.
Practical Parallel Algorithms for Non-Monotone Submodular Maximization
Authors: Cui Shuang , Han Kai , Tang Jing , Li Xueying , Zhiyuli Aakas , Li Hanxiao
Published: January 2025

Submodular maximization has found extensive applications in various domains within the field of artificial intelligence, including but not limited to machine learning, computer vision, and natural language processing. With the increasing size of datasets in these domains, there is a pressing need to develop efficient and parallelizable algorithms for submodular maximization. One measure of the parallelizability of a submodular maximization algorithm is its adaptive complexity, which indicates the number of sequential rounds where a polynomial number of queries to the objective function can be executed in parallel. In this paper, we study the problem of non-monotone submodular maximization subject to a knapsack constraint, and propose a low-adaptivity algorithm achieving an (1/8 − ϵ)- approximation with practical Õ(n) query complexity. Moreover, we also propose the first algorithm with both provable approximation ratio and sublinear adaptive complexity for the problem of non-monotone submodular maximization subject to a k-system constraint. As a by-product, we show that our two algorithms can also be applied to the special case of submodular maximization subject to a cardinality constraint, and achieve performance bounds comparable with those of state-of-the-art algorithms. Finally, the effectiveness of our algorithms is demonstrated by extensive experiments on real-world applications.