bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EUPHEMISM AND DYSPHEMISM STRATEGIES IN DONALD TRUMP’S SPEECH AT SOTU 2020
Authors: Kafi Lutvia Nurul , Degaf Agwin
Published: April 2022

In this article, the researchers aim to explain the types and functions of the use of expressions of euphemism and dysphemism in President Donald Trump's speeches at the State of the Union Address 2020. With Donald Trump's controversial background and many of his statements attracting attention, researchers assume that Trump uses many expressions of euphemism and dysphemism in his speech. This study uses Allan's and Burridge's (1991) theoretical framework on euphemism and dysphemism as the base for data analysis. This study's data were taken from Trump's utterances in his speech. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method to carry out in-depth analysis. The results of this study indicate that there are eight types of euphemistic expressions, five types of dysphemism, eight functions of euphemisms, and six functions of dysphemism.
AN ECOCRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF ANTHROPOCENTRISM IN THE CAMEROONIAN PRESS
Authors: Acha Walter Abo
Published: April 2022

The manner in which the media presents nature matters a lot. The media legitimises abusive beliefs. On this basis, this work investigated the ecologically oppressive ideologies reinforced by the Cameroonian English newspaper. Analysis focused on uncovering-to-resist discursive patterns that activated anthropocentrism (human dominance over nature). The data comprised thirty-five newspaper articles randomly selected from nine English Language newspaper publishers in Cameroon. Ecocriticrical discourse analysis (EcoCDA) is the theoretical framework adopted in this study. The descriptive statistical method (DSM) was used to analyse the data. Analyses subsumed identification, quantification and interpretation of discourse entities. Findings revealed that the Cameroonian press used diverse language patterns to manipulate agents, processes and aftermaths of environmental depletion. The press, thus, encoded anthropocentric ideologies in discursive forms like pronouns, verbs, transitivity, personification and jargon. Ecological injustices uncovered and resisted included deforestation, consumerism and growth, mineral extraction and construction, inter alia. Cognizant of the sustenance nature that offers earthly life, it was recommended that press [wo]men should refrain from manipulative language forms and stories that downplay efforts to conserve nature. They should rather cover nature-conserving stories regularly, and in language forms that align with and reinforce global efforts to protect and conserve the biophysical environment.
THINKING WITH ROY AND ŽIŽEK ON THE FREEDOM OF A FORCED COVID-19 ‘NEW NORMAL’
Authors: Abiera Allan , Mukherjee Prakriti , Kahambing Jan Gresil
Published: April 2022

The increasing imagination of crisis within the contemporary scene is set within the state of emergency that is the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this background, there is the problem of redefining the conditions of normality. The paper aims to take some insights about how to think through this predicament from Arundhati Roy and Slavoj Žižek who are, the authors deemed, subversives against the normal regulatory course of thought. To do this, the study applies the method of textual hermeneutics on both thinker’s oeuvre, particularly those that relate to the pandemic and specifically Roy’s AZADI and Žižek’s Pa(ndem)ic! 1 and 2, and contextualizes their energetic radical visions to one of the co-authors’ compiled takes on various cases during COVID-19. In this paper’s reading, which attempts to succinctly open a leeway for such takes by aligning the implications with both thinkers’ views for thinking forward and enacting possibilities, Roy’s resolve through love and Žižek’s notion of a forced choice can be reflected on in traversing the inevitable portal of the ‘New Normal.’
DEVELOPING THE STUDENTS� RESPONBILITY THROUGH NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER MODEL IN SOCIAL SCIENCE LEARNING AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Widyaningtyas Harini , Winarni Retno , Murwaningsih Tri
Published: April 2022

This study is aimed at developing the application of responsibility through the implementation of Numbered Head Together model in the social science learning process. The type of this research was descriptive analysis using qualitative approach. The subjects of the study were the third-grade students and teachers of social science learning in Sukoharjo Sub-district. Data collection techniques in this study were documentation studies, observation, and interviews. The findings of the research were analyzed using interactive analysis of Miles and Huberman model and presented through descriptive narrative text. The results of the research show that: 1) the learning result of the third-grade students in social science subject is not maximal yet, 2) the students are not aware of the social science learning objectives for their future, 3) the teachers remain applying the conventional model, 4) the teacher has not implemented the social science learning process involving the students' responsibility. The characteristics of Numbered Head Together learning model are suitable to be applied in learning social science because it makes the students serious in learning, develop thinking skills, and improve social relationships among students that can be used as a means to develop the studenta responsibilities in the social studies learning process.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2018.020202
PERSONALITY TRAITS, MOTIVATIONAL ORIENTATIONS AND SPEAKING ACHIEVEMENT IN THE EFL CONTEXT
Authors: Arniatika Sefvirda
Published: April 2022

Despite the fact that a number of studies have shown a relationship between personality traits (extrovert and introvert) with oral performance in the EFL setting, the link between extrovert and introvert personality, EFL motivational orientations, and speaking achievement is very rare. Therefore, this present study aims to find what differences are truly existed between extrovert and introvert personality regarding to their motivational orientations and speaking achievement, and how extrovert and introvert personality are inter-correlated with EFL motivational orientations and speaking achievement. In order to identify the students personality, the researcher used The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Self-Report Questionnaire to identify the students motivational orientations. The samples of this study are 40 students in XII grade of Senior High School in East Lampung, Indonesia. The data is further analyzed by using Independent samples T-test and Pearson product moment correlation coefficient. The results show that there is no significant difference between extrovert and introvert personality in both their motivational orientations and speaking achievement. Moreover, it is also found that there is a combination of motivational orientations that co-exists in the extrovert personality. However, both personality traits and motivational orientations are not supposed to be a strong predictor of students speaking achievement. Therefore, this present study is largely extended to give a plausible explanation to the field under investigation.DOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040109
NOTICING GRAMMATICAL PATTERN ON ONLINE SHORT STORIES BY LEARNING GRAMMAR THROUGH GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD
Authors: Suseno Edy
Published: April 2022

Memorizing structure pattern is very tiring and often resulting in failure. Learners often try to adapt it in conversation and writing, but it sometimes ends up with unsatisfactory. The process of implementing grammar-translation methods to explain how to structure patterns built and used leads learners to understand it clearly and it could decrease the level of confusion significantly. Furthermore, to make the patterns learners learned to stay some longer in their minds, they can notice the grammar content in short stories. The use of online short stories could ease them to read more to support noticing. Thus, learning grammar pattern boosted by the grammar-translation method and using online short stories to notice grammatical pattern could develop students proficiency in implementing grammar both in spoken and written.
TEACHERS AND STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF K-12 SPIRAL PROGRESSION APPROACH
Authors: Igcasama Raymund Medrano
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to determine the perceptions of the Teachers and Students on the implementation of the K-12 Spiral Progression approach in teaching Secondary Mathematics at Dr. Geronimo B. Zaldivar Memorial School of Fisheries (DGBZMSF). The study utilized the mixed-method design (quantitative-qualitative research design). Interviews, questionnaires, and observation were used to gather data. The data were collected, analyzed, and interpreted using the following statistical tools: frequency, percentage, and medians. The study showed that most teachers and students were in favor of the implementation of the said curriculum. One of the teacher respondents noted that “The K – 12 program will greatly help us develop and upgrade our educational system in the Philippines, so we may be able to compete globally with our students who are fully equipped with the 21st-century skills”, another teacher respondent said, “it provides additional training for the students in preparing for college.” According to a student respondent, “K-12 Program can enhance and learn more or know more about mathematics and others”, another said that “this new curriculum will prepare the students in college and improve the student's skills.” However, they admitted that their performances were much better using the old curriculum. In the qualitative part of the study, the responses were categorized. The study found out that the Spiral curriculum had greatly influenced the curriculum, particularly the content and transitions of subjects, the secondary schools, the learners, and especially the teachers. Based on the findings, teachers were still adapting to the new curriculum. They needed more time and training to master all the fields and learn new teaching strategies because it is challenging to teach something that does not have the necessary mastery. They can teach other branches of their significant subjects without an in-depth discussion because it is not their specialization.
ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TEST RESULTS OF FRESHMEN EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Aure Ma. Rachel Kim L , Casinillo Leomarich F
Published: April 2022

Psychological testing in schools is a beneficial activity that helps a student achieve their goals and helps diagnosed social, cognitive, or behavioral problems. This study aimed to assess the psychological test results of education students in a Philippine state university. The study utilized secondary data from 443 education students at the university. Descriptive measures and multiple regression models were employed in evaluating the data and determining the influencing factor of psychological test results, respectively. Results revealed that the selected demographic variables as gender, degree program, type of high school, and over-all grade point average have no significant association with the psychological test results of education students. Furthermore, this study has documented the robust and positive evidence that Mathematics and English grade point average contributed to the psychological test scores of the students. The results go to infer that students with a good background in Mathematics and English subjects in high school have a good foundation in analytical and logical thinking during college.
On Perspectiving in Cognitive Grammar and Communicative Dynamism
Authors: Sunarto Emanuel
Published: April 2022

The article is concerned with the concept of perspective in Cognitive Grammar and Communicative Dynamism. To the former, perspective is understood in the realm of cognitive concepts such as space, motion, locationality, directionality, importance, and focus ascribable to a particular sentence segment. To the latter, perspectiving is a matter of valuating, viz. assigning informational value to a sentence segment as a part of a distributional field of communicative dynamism. The two streams of thought evidently hold different constructs per-taining to the term perspective: conceptual-categorial on the one hand, and functional-informational on the other. However, the two seem to agree when perspectiving is concerned with the notion of importance and focus or rhematization.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2012.150106
Developing Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Worksheets for the Eight Grade Students at Junior High School
Authors: Isrokijah Isrokijah
Published: April 2022

This study aims at developing problem-based learning (PBL) worksheets for the eighth grade students at junior high school. It belongs to Borg Galls research and development R D, involving 35 students from one class as the subjects. Interview guide for the teachers and questionnaire for the students were employed to collect data in needs analysis, and checklist in validation and try-out stages. The qualitative data collected through interview was analyzed descriptively, while, the quantitative data collected through questionnaire and checklist was analyzed using statistic descriptive by counting the frequency of appearance of the response. Finally the result of the data analysis was synthesized to get the real picture about the teachers and students response towards the use of PBL worksheets in learning English.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2015.180203
The Use of Authentic Materials in Teaching Grammar for EFL Students (Teachers� Perspective)
Authors: Mestari Sri Agriyanti , Malabar Fahria
Published: April 2022

The goal of this paper is to analyze the use of authentic material in teaching grammar for EFL students. Kilickaya (2004) define authentic materials as exposure to real language and use in its own community. Peacock (1997) has another definition of authentic materials which isthe materials that have been produced to fulfill some social purposes in the language community. Authentic materials are assume as the important tools for teachers in class in order to make his/her teaching effective in transmitting the necessary knowledge to all students. This presentation will discuss the effects of using authentic material in teaching grammar from teachers perspective and offer how authentic material can be used in grammar EFL class.DOI: https;//doi.org/10.24071/llt.2016.190207
What Governs Their Practices? A Study on Pre-service English Language Teachers� Beliefs
Authors: Harendita Monica Ella
Published: April 2022

Pre-service teachers undergo an important phase, called teaching practice, before plunging in the real teaching. Thus, the experiences and what they do during the practice can be an interesting subject to study. In this light, this case study attempts to gain more understanding on the beliefs of some pre-service teachers with regard to learning and teaching, as well as to see the influence of their beliefs on their practices. The data were gathered from reflective journals and observations. The findings show that the participants held some beliefs in regard to teaching and learning. First, they believed that mutual respect should be maintained in classroom. Second, interrelated with the previous belief, for the participants, meaningful learning requires active participation. Third, the participants believed that learning should be motivating. Fourth, the participants held a belief that as a teacher they have flexible roles. Hopefully, the results of this study will be beneficial in informing teacher training education in order to prepare and assist their students better as future teachers.
Designing Task-Based English Speaking Materials for the Staff of Bank Mandiri Yogyakarta
Authors: Angelina Patricia
Published: April 2022

Most of the staff of Bank Mandiri in Yogyakarta have some difficulties to communicate with the foreign customers, which hinder the process of the service. Therefore, this study attempted to develop English speaking materials for the staff of Bank Mandiri in Yogyakarta using the principles of task-based learning. The writer adapted Kemps instructional design model (1977) comprising eight flexible, interdependent steps. Those steps, subsequently, were put under the umbrella of Borg Galls (1986) Research and Development (RD) method. Due to time and resource limitations, only three out of ten steps of the RD model were employed, which were: (1) Research and information collecting, (2) Planning and (3) Developing preliminary form of product. To acquire required information for developing the materials, the writer distributed needs analysis questionnaire to twenty staff of Bank Mandiri, Yogyakarta. The designed materials covered eight units. Each unit consisted of five sections, namely Do You Remember?, Prepare Yourself!, Can You Do These?, Lets Learn!, and Its Time to Write. It was expected that the materials could improve the speaking skill of the staff of Bank Mandiri Yogyakarta.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2017.200108
STUDENT-WRITERS� CLAIMS IN HORTATORY ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAYS: AN APPRAISAL STUDY IN CONVENIENCE WRITING
Authors: Wihadi Marwito , Sujatna Eva Tuckyta Sari , Soeriasoemantri Ypsi , Karlieni Eni
Published: April 2022

Working on writing argumentative essay instructions has been practices in a non-formal language learning settings. Yet, its students pursued claims are not fully explored as an evaluativion of how student-writers interact as conveying arguments with the readers. Investigating the linguistic resources on which they develop and evaluate these, two selected English Language essays were looked into regarding to exploitation of macrostructures in them. Subsequently, they were captured within the framework of appraisal theory as to emerge various trends relative to the employment of engagement resource types, combined with the other resources in confirming claims: graduation and attitudinal ones. It was pinpointed that the essays were low-graded notifying substantial numbers of monoglossic resources with low-considered attitudinal items. They failed to recognise other voices and alternative positions. Their construction of evaluative meanings provided feedbacks, enhancing classroom teachers awareness of typical features in genre-based instructions.DOI:doi.org/10.24071/llt.2018.210205
LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSROOM IN INDONESIAN HIGHER EDUCATION CONTEXT
Authors: Tanjung Firima Zona
Published: April 2022

Indonesian university students are not well-familiar with language learning strategies (LLS) as they are dependent on their lecturers. This condition also gets worse because the students still have low level of proficiency although they have already been learning English for multiple years. There have been many researches on students LLS related to the four language skills and gender but there is a high need of studying the students LLS regarding their age in the Indonesian higher education context. This research aimed at investigating students language learning strategies related to their ages and providing some steps to make teaching program more effective by considering students LLS and their age as well. This research utilized descriptive survey research design. The participants were 122 English Department students at one of public universities in Borneo Island, Indonesia. The instrument was SILL questionnaire. All the collected data were analyzed statistically. The findings show that students mostly used metacognitive (M=3.857), cognitive (M=3.707), and compensation strategies (M=3.563). The students different age led them to select and implement different strategies. Some steps to optimize students learning strategies are through inserting LLS instruction in the curriculum of teaching program, implementing certain models of strategy instruction, and developing lecturers awareness of designing instruction at which one of the methods that can be employed is eclective methods. Considering all findings, it can be concluded that although indirect strategies get higher means of preference from the participants but they do not only focus on using indirect strategies. They combine those with direct strategies. Further, to make students more successful on their learning, the institution including lecturers and the academic community should take part in the effort of teaching learning strategies. This provides future research area that emphasizes on designing LLS instruction regarding students age and level of their education. DOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2018.Suppl2106
THE NEW GENERATION OF HIGH QUALITY ESL/EFL TEACHERS: A PROPOSAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY TEACHER EDUCATION
Authors: Syahril Iwan
Published: April 2022

In this paper I argue that ESL/EFL teacher education programs should be the leading agents of change in transforming a nation. With its emphasis on English mastery, an ESL/EFL teacher education program generally produce teachers with sufficient English to comprehend development/global issues such as climate change, poverty, or inequality. The emphasis on the mastery of English as the international language will make pre-service teachers relatively better able to understand and produce multimodal English texts around those development/global issues compared to pre-service teachers from other subjects. Building on the earlier work such as in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and content area literacy, ESL/EFL teacher education can realize this vision with an innovative idea: an interdisciplinary teacher education program. In this program, I envision that an ESL/EFL pre-service teacher education program collaborates with other subject area teacher education programs (e.g., social studies, science) working on an overreaching theme, such as sustainable development, or others. Pre-service teachers learn the learning outcomes of subject areas not in isolation but in an integrated manner. They learn inter-(disciplinary) content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge around global issues and universal values. Arguably, this kind of program will create teachers who can think critically, systemically and creatively, using a multi-perspective approach that recognizes the different dimensions, perspectives and angles of issues. At the same time, this kind of program can produce teachers with key non-cognitive skills such as empathy, communication skills and aptitudes for interacting and collaborating with people of different backgrounds, origins, cultures and perspectives. Indeed, this is a proposal for a new generation of (language) teachers, the ones who can teach 21st century skills (e.g., critical thinking, communication, collaboration, creativity) with innovative forms of teaching (e.g., project-based learning, problem-based learning, inquiry-based learning, theme-based learning) around authentic problems with a multi-perspective approach. Indeed, for a developing nation, such as Indonesia, having quality teachers who can think and teach in an interdisciplinary manner can be very strategic not only in improving and transforming its education but also for accelerating its social and economic development.DOI:doi.org/10.24071/llt.2019.220104
STUDENTS� PERCEPTION OF TABLEAU IN EFL CLASSROOM
Authors: Agustin Aulia , Susilowaty Susilowaty
Published: April 2022

This is the qualitative study that examines the students perception of benefits and concerns of tableau used in EFL classroom. Tableau actually is one of the process drama techniques which allows the students to create a living picture using their body, gesture, and facial expression. Tableau is theoretically useful for students to be engaged in reading because it offers all reading strategies. However, there has been few available studies regarding to tableau, especially in EFL classroom context. It was then compelling for conducting the study of how students perceive of their experience in doing tableau in their classroom. The participants were 25 students in one of the EFL classroom in Indonesia. These participants were engaged in doing tableau for three-time meetings. After they experienced doing tableau in their classroom, they were asked to write a reflective journal to know their perceptions in regards to the benefits and concerns of tableau. Moreover, four participants were interview to get deeper understanding of their perception of tableau. The results from reflective journals and interviews revealed that the students perceived several benefits were gained after doing tableau, such as it helps them create sensory images, gain more vocabulary knowledge, deepen characters feeling, learn collaboratively, provide an alternative learning, and creating a fun atmosphere in the classroom. However, they also perceived several concerns about tableau, such as it takes much time, some ineffective groupworks still happens, and they also reported that they found some students misinterpreted the text in tableau.DOI: 10.24071/llt.2019.220207
LEARNERS� PERCEPTIONS ON THE USE OF INDONESIAN (L1) IN THE ENGLISH (L2) INTENSIVE COURSE: IMPLICATIONS FOR TRANSLANGUAGING PEDAGOGY
Authors: Puspitasari Gregoria Dian , Yumarnamto Mateus
Published: April 2022

This study explores the use of Indonesian (L1) in an English class at an undergraduate program in a university in East Java, Indonesia. The English class was called Intensive Course (IC). In the class the students were expected to learn general English so that they could have the required competence to become English teachers. The students who passed the course in 2018-2019 (50 students) were asked to complete a questionnaire. Follow up interviews were conducted to four selected students representing positive and negative perceptions on the use of Indonesian. The findings of this study shows that L1 could be a potential resource to learn English but when the L1 was overused in the classroom, the learning opportunities and exposure to the target language diminished, limiting their learning opportunities and bringing about negative perceptions of the students. Implications from the findings are discussed in relation to translanguaging as pedagogy.
TEACHERS’ FEEDBACK ON ENGLISH SYLLABUS WITH LOCAL VALUES FOR ELEMENTARY STUDENTS
Authors: Puspitasari Ika Puspitasari , Ratri Devinta Puspita , Tyas Peptia Asrining
Published: April 2022

The elimination of English subject for elementary school in curriculum of 2013  which has been regulated under the Government of the Republic of Indonesia’s Regulation number 32 year 2013 about the alteration of Government Regulation number 19 year 2005 about National Standard of Education affects on the absence of syllabus as guideline for teaching and learning process. Therefore, on previous study, a set of English syllabus for elementary school was developed to provide English teachers with guideline in teaching. To provide students with closer exposure on local character building, the syllabus was developed based on local value. In the process of syllabus development, try out was done to get feedback on its implementation on the syllabus in the teaching process. Moreover, feedback from teachers’ forum toward the syllabus was also obtained. The feedback received becomes a valuable input toward the improvement of the English syllabus.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE FORMATION OF GAY LANGUAGE WORDS AND UTILITY VEHICLE EXPRESS CODES
Authors: Gidalanga Marielle Clave , Demeterio Feorillo Petronillo A , Belacho Catherine D
Published: April 2022

In Metro Manila, there are two sets of coded language that baffle and amuse their observant bystanders: the Filipino gay language and the idiom used by the UV Express drivers. Through a reconstructive contextualization and reverse engineering of 100 randomly collected Filipino gay words and another 100 randomly collected UV Express codes, this paper compared and contrasted their themes and creations. This paper is significant in offering a comprehensive listing and descriptions of the processes involved in the creation of Filipino gay words. This paper is also significant in being the first academic journal article that deals with the UV Express codes of Metro Manila. Furthermore, the methodology of this paper in studying either the Filipino gay language or the Metro Manila UV Express codes can be used in studying the variant Filipino gay languages in other places of the Philippines.
SWEARING: FORMS, REFERENTS, FUNCTIONS, AND USERS
Authors: Malo Raynesta Mikaela Indri , Adindarena Vindya Donna
Published: April 2022

This study attempts to investigate the use of swearing in Waingapu, Indonesia. This is a descriptive study that tries to describe the forms, referents, functions, and users of swearing. Data is collected through recording, questionnaires, and interviews. The finding shows that there are 123 forms of swearing with most swearing referred to parts of the body of 'women' and ‘genitals'. Other referents of swearing are activities, animals, circumstances, objects, kinship, spirts, and profession. Besides, this study becomes proof that swearing is not only used to express anger but also to express other positive feelings. This study also reveals that age, sex, and length of stay do not determine one's knowledge of swearing. However, it reveals that men use swearing more than women.
GRADUATE STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION REGULATION STRATEGIES IN FACING ACADEMIC WRITING AMID COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Wijaya Kristian Florensio , Setiawan Niko Albert
Published: April 2022

Abstract To be more proficient and self-regulated, L2 academic writers, the deployment of motivation regulation strategies should be incorporated at the commencement of academic writing learning enterprises, particularly during this pandemic situation. According to previous studies, the establishment of robust motivation regulation strategies will potentially help L2 academic writers to better manage the ongoing writing learning dynamics and cope with varied upcoming challenges. Specifically, this study was conducted qualitatively by lending support from qualitative content analysis in order to offer more overarching findings derived from actual events experienced by the participants. To comply with this objectivity, two research instruments were also utilized in this study namely the Likert-Scale questionnaire and open-ended interviews. Further, the Likert-Scale questionnaire was administered via Google Forms to be filled out by 36 English education master students from batch 2018 and 2019, and the open-ended interview inquiries were sent through WhatsApp application in order to obtain the responses from the three random selected interviewees. Results from this study revealed that the majority of English education master students had successfully become more competent and resilient academic writers through five major streams of motivation regulation strategies namely interest enhancement, performance self-talk, mastery self-talk, self-consequating, and environmental structuring.      Keywords: Motivation regulation strategies, academic writing, graduate students, Covid-19 pandemic
LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE IN A MULTILINGUAL CONTEXT: A CASE OF KENYAN UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Muriungi Stella Wangari , Mudogo Benard Angatia
Published: April 2022

The linguistic landscape of a place constitutes a clear representation of its language ideology, culture, users’ identity and language practice. These are depicted in verbal language used in public signs including business names, street signs, advertisements and graffiti. The aim of this paper is to examine the language distribution, purpose and authorship of public signage in the multilingual context in Kenyan universities. The paper also examines the students’ attitudes towards the public signs in the sampled institutions. A sample of 185 photos taken from notices, advertisements, building names and posters are analyzed.  The analysis reveals that English is the most dominant language used in Universities for both top-down and bottom-up signs, with 77% prevalence. This is attributed to the acceptance of English as a global language and presence of international students and lecturers. A high incidence of informative signs is also noted at 42% of all signage linked with the academic nature of the paper context. The findings also reveal that Kiswahili as an African language with Bantu and Arabic roots is barely utilized in public signs despite its official status. This has implications on language policy and its implementation as it indicates a mismatch between policy and practice.
Friction accounting in mathematical models of dissipative systems
Authors: Vol’nikov Mikhail , Smogunov Vladimir Vasilevich
Published: April 2022

Obtaining models of mechanical processes with dissipation based on the Euler-Lagrange theory has undoubted advantages over Newton's theory due to the smaller size of the considered vector of variables included in the equations. However, the Euler-Lagrange variation theory is not applicable to the description of the motion of systems with dissipation. The aim of the work is to demonstrate the possibility of using the Euler-Lagrange theory in relation to dissipative systems with different types of friction. Mathematical models of systems with dissipation are based on the superposition of mechanical and thermodynamic Lagrangians. To obtain a mathematical description of dissipative systems it is proposed to use the field theory as applied to the thermodynamics of dissipative processes within the framework of the Lagrange formalism. The Euler-Lagrange equations are obtained for the Stokes and Coulomb friction models. As it was referred to the research results obtained there is possibility of accounting the energy dissipation in the Lagrange formalism. The mathematical models proposed describe dynamic processes in heterogeneous structures with friction based on the Euler-Lagrange theory. There are presented mathematical transformations that allow transition from models based on the Lagrange formalism to models based on Newtonian mechanics
El poblamiento del Neolítico antiguo en la Península Ibérica y su relación con humedales y zonas endorreicas. Un análisis desde una perspectiva agronómica
Authors: Beltrán Martínez Roberto
Published: April 2022

Se han analizado los datos del poblamiento del Neolítico antiguo de cuatro yacimientos de la Península Ibérica: La Revilla y La Lámpara, en Ambrona (Soria); Los Cascajos (Navarra) y La Draga (Bañolas, Gerona). A partir de la información disponible en otros trabajos sobre cultivos, animales domésticos y técnicas empleadas, se han analizado estos datos desde el punto de vista de la ciencia agronómica, para poder aportar nuevas ideas acerca del proceso de neolitización y de los conocimientos técnicos y prácticos de los primeros agricultores y ganaderos.
“La guerra en el vientre”. Wang Xiaobo en el quirófano de la Revolución Cultural
Authors: Maíllo Ismael A.
Published: April 2022

Presento la primera traducción al castellano del ensayo “La guerra en el vientre”, una pieza del peculiar escritor Wang Xiaobo que ofrece un episodio estrambótico vivido en un hospital de provincias durante la Revolución Cultural. El texto funciona como testimonio de primera mano del caos, de la carencia de medios y del fanatismo político perpetrado contra la población china en esa época. La crudeza de la descripción de las penurias experimentadas por los pacientes viene compensada por el desapego del autor, quien, mediante el sarcasmo, critica la futilidad y la temeridad de los que tuvieron el poder durante aquellos 10 años perdidos, y concluye que aquélla fue una época de ignorancia y sinrazón en la que muchos aprovecharon la coyuntura para dar rienda suelta a sus locuras.
proceso de reconfiguración urbana en el Área Metropolitana de Santiago del Estero: estudio de casos múltiples a partir de la relocalización de asentamientos urbanos
Authors: Saccucci Erika , Hernández Bertone Juliana
Published: April 2022

En este artículo analizamos la (re)configuración urbana del Área Metropolitana de Santiago del Estero, Argentina, a partir del análisis de discurso de 16 entrevistas en profundidad a vecinos/as que fueron relocalizados por acción del Estado, y a funcionarios/as vinculados al hábitat en la provincia. Del análisis se desprende que el proceso de reconfiguración urbana se produce a partir de una profunda relación entre el Estado y el capital, a la medida de las necesidades de acumulación del capital inmobiliario que precisa de la “liberación” de espacios céntricos a fin de emplazar allí diversos emprendimientos urbanísticos, configurando espacios desiguales.
Adaptive gamification in collaborative location collecting systems: a case of traveling behavior detection
Authors: Dalponte Ayastuy María , Torres Diego
Published: April 2022

Collaborative location collecting systems (CLCS) is a particular case of collaborative systems where a community of users collaboratively collects data associated with a geo-referenced location. Gamification is a strategy to convene participants to CLCS. However, it cannot be generalized because of the different users’ profiles, and so it must be tailored to the users and playing contexts. A strategy for adapting gamification in CLCS is to build game challenges tailored to the player’s spatio-temporal behavior. This type of adaptation requires having a user traveling behavior profile. Particularly, this work is focused on the first steps to detect users’ behavioral profiles related to spatial-temporal activities in the context of CLCS. Specifically, this article introduces: (1) a strategy to detect patterns of spatial-temporal activities, (2) a model to describe the spatial-temporal behavior of users based on (1), and a strategy to detect users’ behavioral patterns based on unsupervised clustering.  The approach is evaluated over a Foursquare dataset. The results showed two types of behavioral atoms and two  types of users’ behavioral patterns.
Mezcla social en la Ciudad de México en el marco del Programa Especial de Regeneración y Vivienda Incluyente
Authors:   , Espinoza Trejo Víctor Hugo
Published: April 2022

La mezcla social es un ideal que persigue la existencia de diversidad poblacional en un espacio geográfico determinado y que ha sido generado en diversas partes del mundo para la consecución de diferentes objetivos. La evidencia documental es extensa mas no concluyente sobre hasta qué grado la mezcla social puede ser beneficiosa para las comunidades en donde es fomentada. Las experiencias retomadas en el presente documento dan cuenta de la diversidad de resultados que surgen a partir de la implementación de políticas que buscan generar cierto grado de mezcla. A pesar de ello, dichas políticas siguen siendo propuestas como mecanismo para atender las problemáticas urbanas, así como para la búsqueda de ciudades más justas e integradas, al menos a nivel discursivo. El Gobierno de la Ciudad de México diseñó el Programa Especial de Regeneración Urbana y Vivienda Incluyente que busca desarrollar instrumentos que estimulen la producción de vivienda y que permitan la materialización del derecho a la vivienda. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo, ofrece incentivos a productores de vivienda para que incluyan en sus desarrollos 30% de vivienda incluyente. Con ello, el programa fomenta la generación de mezcla social a partir de la proximidad física de población de diferentes niveles de ingreso en un mismo desarrollo. En esa lógica, la presente investigación analiza el diseño del programa para determinar si es una respuesta adecuada a la problemática actual de la ciudad en materia de vivienda. La investigación concluye que el programa adolece de un diseño deficiente al supeditar la producción de vivienda social a agentes externos, pero no contemplar instrumentos integrales que motiven su participación, además de no considerar las características socioeconómicas y culturales predominantes que le permitan fomentar el cambio de paradigma que una política así requiere. Lo anterior, impedirá la consecución de sus objetivos, así como del mandato constitucional sobre fomentar una ciudad más integrada. Por ello, la investigación culmina proponiendo una serie de recomendaciones que podrían ser de utilidad para que el programa pueda tener un mayor grado de éxito.
Aegle marmelos Leaf Extract Based Synthesis of Nanoiron and Nanoiron+Au Particles for Degradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Tarangini Korumilli , Rao K. Jagajjanani , Wacławek Stanisław , Černík Miroslav , Padil Vinod V.T.
Published: April 2022

In this study, nanoiron and nanoiron+Au particles were synthesised using aqueous Aegle marmelos extract using a facile and one-pot approach. Lower size non-magnetic nanoiron (~34 nm) and nanoiron (~34 nm) +Au particles (1 to 1.5 µm) were produced from the same medium individually. Nanoparticles suspension behaviour and structural characterisations were carried out by UV-Vis spectroscopy, electron microscopy and by X-ray diffraction techniques. Primarily, for synthesis, a simple bioreduction approach generated amorphous nanoiron particles, which on annealing produced magnetic maghemite, γ-Fe2O3 type nanoparticles with sizes 100 to 1000 nm. Posteriorly, the bioreduction process also produces nanoiron+Au particles and can be used for multifunctional applications. As a model application, catalytic application of the as-prepared nanoiron and nanoiron+Au particles towards methylene blue, a thiazine dye degradation is investigated and found to be effective within 20 min. Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model was exploited to know the degradation behaviour, and the model was found to be fit based on R
2 values with the observed experimental data. We suggest that the formed highly stable nanoiron particles with in situ stabilisation offer benefits like consistency, environmental friendliness and suits well for large-scale applicability.
Optimisation of Biochar Yield from Sorted Wood Wastes as Sustainable Alternatives to Burning to Ash
Authors: Adeodun Similade A. , Sangodoyin Abimbola Y. , Ogundiran Mary B.
Published: April 2022

Wood wastes are one of the leading contributors of greenhouse gases cum climate change. While the burning of wood wastes results in CO2 emission, decomposition generates methane. In place of these emissions, wood wastes can be converted into biochars which have a lot of novel applications. However, low biochar yield was the common limitation of wood wastes, essentially, due to a mixture of different classifications of trees that pyrolyse at different conditions. In this study, biochar yield from sorted wood wastes was optimised by varying pyrolysis temperature and time. Power consumption, cost, and carbon footprint of the optimised biochar and ash were compared for both hydropower grid and diesel generator scenarios. Optimal pyrolysis yields were 33.6 % (400 °C), 29.4 % (350 °C) and 18.5 % (400 °C) respectively for hardwood sawdust char (HSC), softwood sawdust char (SSC), and mixed sawdust char (MSC) at 2 hours duration for all materials. The CO2 emissions from ash were 2.49 kg and 19.0 kg respectively for grid and diesel power supply. The diesel generator power was 17 times more expensive than grid power for wood wastes pyrolysis. Wood wastes have better biochar yield when charred homogenously; they have a smaller carbon footprint and are cheaper when produced with power from the grid. Wood wastes in place of being burnt can be processed as inexpensive and environment-friendly biochar.
Clogging in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands: Causes for Clogging and Influence of Decontamination
Authors: Xu QiaoLing , Wang Li , Wang Ping , Wen XueYuan , Zhang Feng
Published: April 2022

With the continuous operation of constructed wetlands, substrate clogging is issue. In order to solve the problem, there is practical significance to understand the causes for clogging in constructed wetlands. Two pilot-scale vertical flow constructed wetlands were established, namely, CW-B and CW-C. By studying the relationship between the accumulation of different substances and the banked-up water area, it was found that the accumulation of non-filter substances and total solids was an important reason for the clogging of the substrate, and the accumulation degree of non-filter inorganic substances was more obvious than that of non-filter organic substances, and the blockage was mainly located in the 10-20 cm layer. In the vertical flow constructed wetland with river sand as the main substrate, water accumulation will occur when the content of total solid and non-filter substances exceeds 67.233 g and 101.228 g per cubic meter of substrate, respectively. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the substrate particle size matching of 0-20 cm layer to reduce the clogging in the vertical flow constructed wetland. The clogging has little effect on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, but great effect on total phosphorus (TP) removal. Compared with the control wetland (CW-C), the biomass content in the CW-B with biochar increased by 334.26 nmol P/g, which can improve the removal efficiency of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), but also increase the risk of clogging in the vertical flow constructed wetland. Future research should try to combine the anti-blocking research results of biochar constructed wetlands to improve the purification effect, which is of great significance to promote the sustainable development of constructed wetlands.
Study on the Rate of O2 Consumption and Purification of Tail Biogas with a Biofilter in the Composting Process
Authors: Zhen Xiaofei , Luo Miao , Li Zhenggui , Zhang Yongheng , Wang Weiwei , Kang Jian
Published: April 2022

For aerobic static composting, fresh cow, pig, and chicken manures were used as feedstock and mixed with 10 % corn straws, which was considered as the bulking agent. In the composting process of different livestock and poultry manures, the changing trends of temperature, pH, conductivity, density, and other parameters were intensively studied. The results were as follows: (1) after the tail biogases of composting systems - using cattle manure, pig manure, and chicken manure - were introduced into the biofilter, the concentration of O2 decreased slightly, but the concentration of CO2 increased. The odour in these tail biogases declined significantly, and thus the biodegradation of tail biogas was obvious. (2) The oxygen consumption in the different periods of the composting process of these three manures was almost the same, and the average oxygen consumption for the three manures was 0.928, 0.937, and 0.945 m3/kg, respectively. Under standard conditions, the density of oxygen is 1.429 g/L, and the average oxygen consumption in the composting processes of these three manures was 1.326, 1.338, and 1.350 kg/kg, respectively.
Assessing Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Relations to Environmental Variables and Revitalisation Works
Authors: Czerniawska-Kusza Izabela
Published: April 2022

Macroinvertebrates of two ex-manor ponds located in Chroscina, Opole Region (Poland) were studied from 2015 to 2018 to investigate their community composition and diversity and evaluate the heterogeneity of communities on spatial and temporal scale referring to environmental variables and revitalisation work. A total of 32 taxa were recorded (at the family level, except Oligochaeta), 13 of which were Ephemeroptera, Odonata and Trichoptera, recognised as sensitive groups in lentic ecosystems. Macroinvertebrate richness and diversity varied considerably, especially in spring and summer. It was found that habitat heterogeneity influenced benthic invertebrates more than basic water parameters. However, the environmental variables together accounted for only 38 % of the observed variations. Thus, other factors, such as fish predation, may have played a leading role in community shaping. The distinct differences between pond communities, four years after the revitalisation works, resulted more from different habitat features than from the previous sediment removal.