bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in mental rigidity and attitude to one's body during treatment of adolescent girls suffering from anorexia nervosa
Authors: Shevelenkova Tatyana  Dmitrievna , Salnikova Maria  Maksimovna
Published: March 2024

The authors, considering domestic and foreign studies of cognitive rigidity/flexibility and ideas about one's own body in anorexia nervosa, note the practical lack of research on both dynamics and ideas about the existence and nature of the connection between these psychological characteristics of girls suffering from anorexia nervosa. The object of the study was psychological characteristics, namely, mental rigidity, cognitive flexibility and the attitude of teenage girls suffering from anorexia nervosa to their bodies. The subject of the study was the change in the level of rigidity/flexibility and negative attitude towards one's body, as well as their relationship during inpatient treatment of anorexia nervosa. Objectives of the study: to identify changes in the characteristics of mental rigidity and attitude to one's body, as well as in the nature of the relationship between cognitive rigidity, flexibility and attitude to the body from the beginning to the end of inpatient treatment of adolescents suffering from anorexia nervosa. Teenage girls (13-17 years old) with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa participated in the study conducted at the Center for the Study of Eating Disorders (CIRP) in Moscow. Used: the classic J. R. Stroop test, a simplified version of the Tomsk rigidity questionnaire, a questionnaire of cognitive flexibility, a questionnaire "Attitude to one's body". A factor analysis of the relationship of the studied parameters was carried out. A special contribution of the authors of the study is proof that a negative attitude towards one's body in anorexia nervosa, both at the beginning and at the end of inpatient treatment, positively correlates with a high level of rigidity and a low level of flexibility, as well as the fact that the nature of this relationship fundamentally changes from the beginning to the end of inpatient treatment. The novelty of the study lies in the discovery that from the beginning to the end of inpatient treatment, a shift in the psychological problem occurs: low cognitive flexibility, as well as the inability to identify with one's body, cease to be the main problem, and a negative assessment of the attractiveness of one's body for oneself comes to the fore, which at the end of inpatient treatment should become a specific target for psychotherapeutic work. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that it allows to identify the targets of psychological work (psychotherapeutic, correctional, rehabilitation) and their change from the beginning to the end of inpatient treatment.
Deciphering Decision Making: The Interplay of Mood States and Decision Styles
Authors: Heena H. Khudabadi  , Ashwin Shankaran
Published: March 2024

Recent theories of Decision- Making have advocated the role of emotions in the cognitive processes of decisions. One such approach is the EIC model (Lerner et al., 2015) which posits – mood to indirectly affect decision making by impacting current emotions, indicating individual’s overall emotional states to indirectly influence cognitive decision processes. The study aimed to understand the role of emotions on decision making and the nuances that underlie it. The 6 main hypothesis of the paper focused on evaluating whether incidental emotions via current emotions affect decision making significantly or do decision styles have a stronger significant effect on decision making. The paper used a mixed method design where the qualitative data was collected via interviews and thematic analysis and labels were attuned via open coding that helped in triangulation and pattern generation. Tools used were the YDMC, Mood induction videos of OPENLAV Database, Decision Style questionnaire (DSQ), Ryff’s well-being scale and an Interview schedule. A purposive sampling was done to obtain the sample (N=29) for the pre-test post-test design. Results for the quantitative data concluded that sad and angry incidental mood had significant effects on FR1 and FR2 (Resistance to Framing and Sunken costs) of YDMC and, that happy mood had no significant effect on risk perception. The decision styles that have been seen to dominate were Vigilant followed by Dependent and Spontaneous style. For qualitative data, based on the dominant responses for the entire sample an Interactive Hexagonal map was constructed. STB (Self -thoughts & Beliefs), FP (Futuristic perspective), CE (Current experiences), EE (Environmental ‌effects), and PEx (Past experiences) were the dominant pattern connections found for the current sample. Thus, Incidental Mood had a significant effect on Resistance to Framing and Sunken costs whereas had no significant effect on Consistency with Risk Perception. Future work on the nuances of mood on decision-making can help determine the affective, cognitive, and neuropsychological models of decision-making where neural correlates could help delve deeper in these higher cognitive and emotional processes.
Beyond Grades: Understanding Grit, Self-control and, Academic Self-efficacy in Academics
Authors: Heena H. Khudabadi  , Dr. Pooja Soni
Published: March 2024

Academic performance has caught the attention of many researchers since students are an important asset to any society. Academic performance is enhanced by knowledge of skills which are further divided into two: cognitive factors and non-cognitive factors. Evidence suggests of extensive research on cognitive factors (Noble and Sawyer, 1987). However, there seems to be a dearth of research on the effect of non-cognitive factors on academic performance. Thus, the current research aimed at investigating the relationship between non- cognitive factors and academic performance with mainly three variables: Grit, Self-control, and Academic Self-efficacy. Measures used were the Grit-O Scale (Duckworth, 2007), the Brief Self-Control Scale (Tangney, 2004), and the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (Gafoor, 2006) to collect data from a sample of 151 college students of Mumbai with a mean age of 19 years. Results revealed that there was a positive, low, and statistically significant relationship between academic self-efficacy and academic performance (rₛ(149)=0.22, p=0.006). Whereas a statistically non-significant relationship was found between grit & academic performance (rₛ(149)=0.15, ns) and self-control & academic performance (rₛ(149)=0.04 ns). Further exploration of the effect of non-cognitive factors on academic performance among students is essential in India.
Analysis of prognostic factors and the role of epilepsy in neurosurgical patients with brain metastases
Authors: Ottaviani Matteo Maria , Fasinella Maria Rossella , Di Rienzo Alessandro , Gladi Maurizio , di Somma Lucia Giovanna Maria , Iacoangeli Maurizio , Dobran Mauro
Published: March 2024

Background:

Brain metastases (BMs) represent the most frequent brain tumors in adults. The identification of key prognostic factors is essential for choosing the therapeutic strategy tailored to each patient. Epilepsy can precede several months of other clinical presentations of BMs. This work aimed to study the impact of epilepsy and other prognostic factors on BMs patients’ survival.

Methods:

This retrospective study included 51 patients diagnosed with BMs and who underwent neurosurgery between 2010 and 2021. The impact of BM features and patient’s clinical characteristics on the overall survival (OS) was analyzed through uni- and multivariate analysis.

Results:

The average OS was 25.98 months and differed according to the histology of the primary tumor. The primary tumor localization and the presence of extracranial metastases had a statistically significant impact on the OS, and patients with single BM showed a superior OS to those with multifocal lesions. The localization of BMs in the temporal lobe correlated with the highest OS. The OS was significantly higher in patients who presented seizures in their clinical onset and in those who had better post-surgical Karnofsky performance status, no post-surgical complications, and who underwent post-surgical treatment.

Conclusion:

Our study has highlighted prognostically favorable patient and tumor factors. Among those, a clinical onset with epileptic seizures can help identify brain metastasis hitherto silent. This could lead to immediate diagnostic-therapeutic interventions with more aggressive therapies after appropriate multidisciplinary evaluation.
Assessment of cyclone induced flood using microwave Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data in four blocks of East Midnapore district, India
Authors: Acharyya Nirupam , Bandyopadhyay Jatisankar , Das Suman
Published: March 2024

East Midnapore district is one of the flood prone regions of West Bengal, India. Geomorphological character, topographic nature and geographical location are the main causes of such kind of flood extensiveness in this region. Four most flood prone blocks of East Midnapore district are considered in this study to analyse, monitor and estimate the flood consequences. Flood intensity, duration of water logging, frequency, interval of flood and measurement of the vulnerability are the important parameters to assess the flood risk. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data has its distinct character to collect the data at the flood time even in bad weather and it can also penetrate the cloud cover and can avoid weather caused signal attenuation. European Space Agency’s (ESA) Sentinel-1 SAR before and after flood data (2021) of Vertical transmit and Vertical receives (VV) polarization has been used to monitor and detect the flood extension and assess the inundated areas. The decibel (dB) value is mentioned and speckle noise correction is applied before and after both images. By applying the threshold dB values on both images, the flood inundated areas are detected and extracted from the natural water bodies. A village wise water logged condition of this region was observed for a long time and the study reveals that total 11612.28 ha. areas are submerged due to flood inundation. For the development of the agriculture and aquaculture in terms of the local economy a special care should be taken in this low land flood, affected region.
Bio monitoring of toxic pollutants in air and leaves of Ficus religiosa in selected sites of Chennai city
Authors: Antony Prakash Rejoy P. , Prakash Raj G. , Atshaya V. , Jeya Jothi G.
Published: March 2024

Biomonitoring of vehicle exhaust and deposits of heavy metal on the leaves of the trees located on the roadside was carried out. The selected site Chennai metropolitan city, the capital of Tamil Nadu is a large city, hence divided the city into three sites such as North Chennai, Central Chennai and South Chennai. From these sites, we selected Ficus religiosa trees that are located alongside the roads where a greater number of vehicles pass by. We examined the atmospheric polluted gases by means of using gas sensors and the pollutants on the leaf samples from all the selected sites of Chennai city. For the present study, Ficus religiosa was chosen which belongs to the family Moraceae (the Mulberry family) to know the atmospheric air pollution in our surroundings and the heavy metals (lead, copper, nickel) deposition on the leaves of the trees through Atomic Absorption spectrometry. The ultimate aim of this work is to bio monitor and correlate the existing particulate matter present in the atmosphere and heavy metal deposition in the Ficus religiosa tree leaves of selected sites of Chennai city. The findings could be used for further studies about pollution monitoring and improve the tolerance in future.
INDICATORS OF SELF-RESTRAINT OF PERSONALITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF POST-CRISIS: THE SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT
Authors: Tsareva Ekaterіna S.
Published: March 2024

The paper presents а comprehensive study of the phenomenon of self-restraint as a socio-psychological factor in personality development in the post-crisis conditions. The author describes the socio-psychological specificity of the tendency to self-restraint during a post-crisis and reveals the connection of self-restraint with personal characteristics, coping strategies, eco-facilitational orientation, psychological protection mechanisms, as well as selfactualisation and subjective well-being. The author also identifies levels of self-restraint of personality in the post-crisis conditions and reveals socio-psychological indicators of personality self-restraint in these conditions: positive (related to the experience of meaningfulness and satisfaction with life; recognition and adoption of one’s own resources and restrictions; confidence in the possibility of choosing a life path; personal growth and a sense of continuous self-development, etc) and negative indicators (determined by a sense of self-alienation, dissatisfaction with oneself and disappointment in oneself; absence of a clear time prospect, feeling of personal stagnation and absence of a sense of personal progress, etc).
Obesitas a kardiovaszkuláris prevenció szemszögéből
Authors: Simonyi Gábor
Published: March 2024

Az elhízás járványszerű terjedése hazánkban is megfigyelhető, a felnőtt lakosság majdnem kétharmada elhízott vagy túlsúlyos. Az elhízás számos kísérőbetegséggel, szövődménnyel rendelkező recidiváló, krónikus betegség, amelyek közül a kardiovaszkuláris betegségek rendelkeznek nagy jelentőséggel. Az elhízás szoros összefüggésben áll számos kardiovaszkuláris kockázati tényezővel, ugyanakkor független prediktora a kardiovaszkuláris morbiditásnak és mortalitásnak egyaránt. Az elhízásban – többek között – gyakoribb a hirtelen halál, a hipertónia, a koronáriabetegség, a pitvarfibrilláció és a HFpEF is. Legfontosabb az elhízás megelőzése, ha már kialakult, ennek eredményes és hosszú távú kezelése.
Alkohol és szívritmuszavarok
Authors: Turáni Mirjam Franciska , Duray Gábor Zoltán , Papp Judit
Published: March 2024

Az etil-alkohol direkt kardiotoxicitás révén, a vegetatív idegrendszeri hatásaival, valamint társbetegségek létrejöttének valószínűségét növelve hat a kardiovaszkuláris rendszerre. Krónikus fogyasztás esetén megnő az alkoholos cardiomyopathia kialakulásának valószínűsége. Ritmuszavarok tekintetében akut alkoholfogyasztást követően jelentős a pitvarfibrilláció előfordulása, amelynek valószínűsége kis mennyiségű alkohol bevitele esetén is nő. Rövid időn belül elfogyasztott nagy mennyiségű alkohol a „Holiday Heart Syndrome” megjelenését segíti. A kamrai aritmiák előfordulása és az alkoholfogyasztás között szignifikáns összefüggés nem volt megfigyelhető, egyedül tömény szeszesital fogyasztásával találtak kapcsolatot. Következtetésként a szívritmuszavarok szempontjából a teljes absztinencia mondható csak biztonságosnak.
Correlation Clustering Imaging: A method for Functional Mapping of Semiconductor materials and photovoltaic devices in operando
Authors: Louis Boris , Seth Sudipta , An Qingzhi , Ji Ran , Vaynzof Yana , Hofkens Johan , Scheblykin Ivan
Published: March 2024

Understanding the relationship between the active material's structure and function in operational devices is key for the rational engineering of the next generation of devices. However, this has proven elusive due to the invasiveness of structural characterization methods and their inability to penetrate the multi-layered device. Here, we introduce a Correlation Clustering Imaging Method (CLIM) based on photoluminescence microscopy. CLIM offers insights into structural and functional aspects related to carrier transport, defects, and recombination losses in operational photovoltaic devices. Our study reveals the presence of "blinking" phenomena in high-quality semiconductor films and their corresponding devices. CLIM demonstrates that highly correlated clusters correspond precisely to grain structures of perovskite layer on glass observed with SEM. Importantly, we find that the perovskite layer in photovoltaic devices exhibits predominant blinking during specific operational conditions. The correlated regions within devices are notably larger than those on bare substrate, indicating different microstructures likely caused by the transport layer at the interface. CLIM's contrast opens new possibilities in optical microscopy for functional imaging of materials and in-operando device, enabling the rational design and optimization of high-efficiency photovoltaic devices.
Adaptive and Space-Filling Peptide Self-Assembly Upon Drying
Authors: Dave Dhwanit R. , Kassem Salma , Tayarani-Najjaran Mona , Coste Maeva , Xu Lele , Zhang Sheng , Podbevsek Darjan , Ortuno Macias Luis , Sementa Deborah , Choudhury Muniyat A. , Veerasammy Kelly , Doganata Selma , Weng Cory , Morales Jorge , Wang Tong , Marianski Mateusz , Li Tai-De , Chen Xi , Tu Raymond , He Ye , Ulijn Rein
Published: March 2024

Peptides have tremendous potential as building blocks of designer materials with wide-ranging applications. These materials are stabilized by strongly directional hydrogen bonding patterns giving rise to one-, or two-dimensional assembly. It remains a challenge to mimic biology’s context-adaptive and flexible structures. Here, we introduce minimalistic tripeptide sequences that form dynamic ensembles through incorporation of multivalent sidechain interactions that collectively self-optimize depending on their context. Notably, we observed that these dispersions undergo drying-induced liquid to solid phase separation involving interface stabilization and expansion, resulting in formation of films of stiff, and densely packed, porous peptide microparticles that can be instantaneously redispersed upon re-introduction of water. Air-drying of aqueous peptide dispersions in the presence of proteins or small molecule payloads results in spontaneous and efficient encapsulation, and retention of protein stability after redispersion. These supramolecular tripeptide dispersions show promise for emulsification, encapsulation, and storage of biomacromolecules.
Molecular copper(I)-sensitized photoanodes for alcohol oxidation under ambient conditions
Authors: Ricardo-Noordberg Joseph , Kamal Saeid , Majewski Marek
Published: March 2024

Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells can enable the production of molecules currently accessible through energetically demanding syntheses. Copper(I)-based dyes represent electronically tunable charge transfer and separation systems. Herein, we report a Cu(I)-bisdiimine donor-chromophore-acceptor dye with an absorbance in the visible part of the solar spectrum composed of a phenothiazine electron donor, and dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine electron acceptor. This complex is incorporated onto a zinc oxide nanowire semiconductor surface effectively forming a photoanode that is characterized spectroscopically and electrochemically. We investigate the photo-oxidation of hydroquinone, and the photosensitization of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl and N-hydroxyphthalimide for the oxidation of furfuryl alcohol to furfuraldehyde, resulting in near quantitative conversions, with poor selectivity to the alcohol.
Using Dynamic Interaction Fingerprints to Derive Baseline Machine Learning Model for the Prediction of Protein-Ligand Dissociation Rate Constant
Authors: Akhunzada Muhammad Jan , Yoon Hyun Jung , Braka Abdennour , Deb Indrajit , Wu Sangwook
Published: March 2024

Model building for the prediction of protein-ligand unbinding kinetics gaining popularity with the increasing availability of experimental structural data for the protein-ligand complexes and their relevant kinetic parameters. Limited but major effort has been already put forward in choosing appropriate machine learning (ML) methods among the popular ones like least squares (LS), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and a few more. The RF and Bayesian neural network (BNN) algorithms have been reported to be promising when combined with advanced descriptors representing ligand properties and protein-ligand interactions. However, the selection of descriptors that would correlate well with the unbinding kinetic properties is still a challenge. In this work, we derived a baseline RF model using descriptors representing the protein-ligand interaction fingerprints (IFPs) along the ligand unbinding pathway otherwise can be called dynamic IFPs. We found that the dynamic IFPs in addition to the static or binding pocket IFPs significantly improved the quality of our model for the prediction of ligand dissociation rate constant (koff). To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first attempt towards using the dynamic IFPs in deriving a quantitative structure-kinetics relationship (QSKR) model for the prediction of koff.
Unveiling the Secrets of Bougainvillea: A Review of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties
Authors: Bobbarjang Nagashubha , V Uma Maheshwara Rao , S Iswarya , PN Karishma , G Mythri , Khari Tariq Ahmad , GS Mohammed Akram , B Charitha , Maccha Kiran Sai
Published: March 2024

This review dives into the fascinating world of Bougainvillea, exploring its chemical makeup and potential health benefits. While research encompasses 18 species, most studies (phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological) have focused on just four species and their cultivars, along with one hybrid. Interestingly, some Bougainvillea species already have a history of use in traditional medicine. Scientific investigations have confirmed the presence of diverse chemical compounds within Bougainvillea, including aliphatic hydrocarbons, fatty acids, volatile oils, phenolics, flavonoids, and terpenes. These studies suggest that not only the extracts but also isolated active components from Bougainvillea exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities. This exciting potential pave the way for further exploration of Bougainvillea as a source of valuable therapeutic compounds. To unlock the full potential of Bougainvillea, future research should delve deeper into the phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological properties of all species, cultivars, and hybrids. Understanding mechanisms of action, safety, and efficacy is crucial for responsible development of any potential medications derived from this beautiful and promising genus.
Formulation, qualitative and quantitative evaluation of hair serum using herbal ingredients
Authors: K Nithya Kalyani , P Abhi Sarayu Reddy , SF Nusrathunisha , J Merlin Madhumitha , J Allan Anthony , S Kaviarasan , P Shanmugapandiyan
Published: March 2024

Combining herbs into a single composition enhances their curative and therapeutic effects compared to individual use. Even non-medicinal plants, when processed into appropriate formulations or dried powders using advanced techniques, can offer superior therapeutic benefits. Hair cosmetic formulations, particularly serums, with their high concentration of active ingredients, provide deep skin nutrition and a non-greasy finish. Integrating plants into hair serum formulations maximizes therapeutic benefits and enhances skin absorption. Herbal cosmetics, derived from botanical phytochemicals, are increasingly popular for their aromatic value and skin benefits such as suppleness, collagen protection, UV protection, and wrinkle smoothing. India's cosmetic industry is rapidly growing, with herbal cosmetics contributing significantly to revenues. Hair, being a crucial aspect of one's appearance, faces issues like dandruff, hair loss, and greying. Hair serums, with their intensive nutrition and tailored formulas, cater to diverse skin types. Overall, hair serum stands as an elegant and effective styling product, offering multiple benefits for hair and skin health.Top of Form
Flax seeds for human health and their benefits
Authors: Arava Vidyadhari , Mangala Teja Divya , Bandi Divya Sree , Tummala Pavani , Tatiparthi Siva Prasad , V Ashok Kumar , Porumamilla Ram Prathap Goud
Published: March 2024

Flaxseed (Linum Usitatissimum L) is celebrated for its abundance in Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly alpha-linolenic acid, offering a myriad of health benefits. Through biochemical scrutiny, its bioactive lignans have been singled out as potentially advantageous for human health enhancement. Cultivated globally for its nutritional richness and therapeutic properties, flaxseed is utilized for both its fiber and oil content, correlating with a diminished risk of various conditions like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, arthritis, and autoimmune and neurological disorders. Regular consumption has been associated with lowered blood pressure, improved lipid profiles, and enhanced insulin resistance, while its antioxidant properties promote healthier skin, faster wound healing, and alleviate menopausal symptoms such as constipation and mental fatigue. However, alongside its beneficial components, flaxseed contains compounds like phytic acid, cadmium, trypsin inhibitor, and cyclogenic glycosides (CGs), which may impede its health-promoting effects and reduce the absorption of critical nutrients. Available in three primary forms - flaxseed oil, ground flaxseed, and whole flaxseed - integrating it into one's diet could serve as a proactive measure against various health issues, underlining the plant's remarkable versatility and potential in bolstering overall well-being.
Documentation of angiosperms and ferns of Lamb’s Rock Conoor, Nilgiris District, Tamil Nadu
Authors: S Sevvel , T Sivatharshini , S Vimal Priya , K Karthika
Published: March 2024

The documentation of the angiosperms and ferns study was carried out in Lamb’s rock, Conoor, Nilgiris Districts, Tamil Nadu. It has been undertaken during January 2022 to March 2022 and it has resulted in providing information on 55 plant species. In the present study, 42 angiosperms and 13 ferns plant species belonging 32 families were documented in the lamb’s rock Tamil Nadu. The medicinal plants such as herbs (60%), shrub (22%), trees (60%), and climber (8%) were mainly used by traditional healers for the treatment of fever, cough, wound healing, and skin disease. Zehneria maysorensis was mainly used for menstrual problem. Medicinal plants and its scientific name, common name, medicinal uses and diversity status were documented.
FSM and RRU-net module for Image Splicing Forgery Detection
Authors: S Velmurugan , R Saravana Moorthy , K Subramanian , S Angel
Published: March 2024

Nowadays, it can be difficult to tell whether an image is real or fake. Thanks to technological advancements, an image can be altered or falsified in a matter of seconds. Finding these forgeries has grown to be a major problem in the modern world. Although an image could be crucial evidence, it will be useless if it is faked. Methods for distinguishing between pictures that have been edited and those that have been computer-generated must be developed. In order to identify these forgeries, we plan to create an Image Forgery Detection Model that combines FSM and RRU-Net. Residual propagation and residual feedback are two distinct approaches that are combined in RRU-Net, which stands for Ringed Residual Structure and Network Architecture. To find long-distance dependencies, the Feature Similarity Module, or FSM, will be employed. Our suggested system combines FSM and RRU-Net to improve accuracy. We will extract the differences in the picture attributes between the modified and unmodified parts using image patches of different sizes. Once the forged area has been identified, the final region will be shown in color. The method will prove useful in the future for identifying different types of spliced image frauds that appear on different social media platforms.
Domain adaptation for driver's gaze mapping for different drivers and new environments
Authors: Sonom-Ochir Ulziibayar , Karungaru Stephen , Terada Kenji , Ayush Altangerel
Published: March 2024

Distracted driving is a leading cause of traffic accidents, and often arises from a lack of visual attention on the road. To enhance road safety, monitoring a driver's visual attention is crucial. Appearance-based gaze estimation using deep learning and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) has shown promising results, but it faces challenges when applied to different drivers and environments. In this paper, we propose a domain adaptation-based solution for gaze mapping, which aims to accurately estimate a driver's gaze in diverse drivers and new environments. Our method consists of three steps: pre-processing, facial feature extraction, and gaze region classification. We explore two strategies for input feature extraction, one utilizing the full appearance of the driver and environment and the other focusing on the driver's face. Through unsupervised domain adaptation, we align the feature distributions of the source and target domains using a conditional Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). We conduct experiments on the Driver Gaze Mapping (DGM) dataset and the Columbia Cave-DB dataset to evaluate the performance of our method. The results demonstrate that our proposed method reduces the gaze mapping error, achieves better performance on different drivers and camera positions, and outperforms existing methods. We achieved an average Strictly Correct Estimation Rate (SCER) accuracy of 81.38% and 93.53% and Loosely Correct Estimation Rate (LCER) accuracy of 96.69% and 98.9% for the two strategies, respectively, indicating the effectiveness of our approach in adapting to different domains and camera positions. Our study contributes to the advancement of gaze mapping techniques and provides insights for improving driver safety in various driving scenarios.
Institutional care in four Latin American countries: the importance of fostering public information and evaluation strategies
Authors: Wachholz Patrick Alexander , Morsch Patricia , Villalobos Dintrans Pablo , Barrientos-Calvo Isabel , Browne Jorge , Bello-Chavolla Omar Yaxmehen , Vega Enrique
Published: March 2024

More than 8 million older people in Latin America depend on long-term care (LTC), accounting for 12% of people aged ≥ 60 years and almost 27% of those aged ≥ 80. It is crucial to develop sustainable strategies for providing LTC in the area, including institutional care. This special report aims to characterize institutional LTC in four countries (Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica and Mexico), using available information systems, and to identify the strategies adopted to support institutional care in these countries. This narrative review used nationwide, open-access, public data sources to gather demographic estimates and information about institutional LTC coverage and the availability of open-access data for the proportion of people with LTC needs, the number of LTC facilities and the number of residents living in them. These countries have a larger share of older people than the average in Latin America but fewer LTC facilities than required by the demand. National surveys lack standardization in defining disability, LTC and dependency on care. Information about institutional care is mainly fragmented and does not regularly include LTC facilities, their residents and workers. Data are crucial to inform evidence-based decisions to favor prioritization and to support advances in promoting policies around institutional LTC in Latin America. Although information about institutional care in the region is fragmented and insufficient, this paper profiles the four selected countries. It highlights the need for a better structure for data-driven LTC information systems. The lack of information emphasizes the urgency of the need to focus on and encourage research into this topic.
Retrospective review of medicine utilization for noncommunicable diseases in three public sector pharmacies in Jamaica
Authors: Wynter-Adams Donna-Marie , Thomas-Brown Peta-Gaye , Bromfield Lisa , Williams Marcia , Bunting-Clarke Janice
Published: March 2024

Objective.

The rational use of medicines offers a cost-saving strategy to maximize therapeutic outcomes for developing and developed countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rational use of medicines for selected noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) at three pharmacies at public hospitals in Jamaica using the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) prescribing indicators.

Methods.

In this retrospective cross-sectional study, prescriptions for adult outpatients containing at least one medicine for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma that were filled between January and July 2019 were reviewed using WHO’s prescribing indicators for the rational use of medicines. Data were analyzed and expressed as descriptive and inferential statistics. For all analyses conducted, significance was determined at P < 0.05.

Results.

A total of 1500 prescriptions covering 5979 medicines were reviewed; prescriptions were mostly written for female patients aged 42–60 years. Polypharmacy was observed in 35.6% (534) of prescriptions, and there was an average of 4 medicines per prescription, with a maximum of 17. Most of the prescriptions at each site were filled, with the main reason for not dispensing a medicine being that it was out of stock. Generic prescribing was high for all sites, accounting for more than 95% (5722) of prescribed medicines. There was full compliance with prescribing according to the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines at two of the sites, but it was just off the target at Site 1, by 1.4%.

Conclusions.

The WHO guidelines for the rational use of medicines were followed with respect to the proportion of medicines prescribed from the WHO Model List and the proportion of antibiotics prescribed. The number of medicines per prescription and the proportion of medicines prescribed by generic name did not meet the WHO criteria. However, prescribing was aligned with treatment guidelines for the selected NCDs.
Determinants of continued breastfeeding in children aged 12–23 months in three regions of Haiti
Authors: Decelles Stéphane , Nardocci Milena , Mildon Alison , Salameh Bana , Sebai Ines , Arasimowicz Sabrina , Batal Malek
Published: March 2024

Objectives

To identify the prevalence and determinants of continued breastfeeding in Haitian children aged 12–23 months.

Methods

Three cross-sectional surveys were conducted yearly during the summers of 2017 to 2019 as part of a 4-year (2016–2020) multisectoral maternal and infant health initiative in the regions of Les Cayes, Jérémie, and Anse d’Hainault in Haiti. A total of 455 children 12–23 months of age and their mothers participated in the study. A child was considered to be continuing breastfeeding if the mother reported giving breast milk in the 24-hour dietary recall. Unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated, and associations were assessed between continued breastfeeding and explanatory factors related to sociodemographic characteristics, household food security, maternal nutrition, and breastfeeding knowledge and practices.

Results

The prevalence of continued breastfeeding was 45.8%. Continued breastfeeding was significantly more prevalent among younger children, children who did not have a younger sibling, children whose mother was not pregnant, those living in the Jérémie region, children who had been exclusively breastfed for less than 1 month, and children whose mother knew the World Health Organization’s recommendation for continued breastfeeding up to 2 years or beyond.

Conclusions

The study results highlight the need for geographically equitable access to tailored and adequate health services and education that support breastfeeding in a way that is compatible with the local context.
A dynamic approach for selecting load balancing algorithm in cloud
Authors: Chandrakumar M.
Published: March 2024

The collection of interconnected computers that constitutes more than one united computing resource is known as the Cloud. In recent years, the advancement of cloud computing has facilitated the rapid arrangement of interconnected data centers that are geographically dispersed, offering high-quality and dependable services. Scalable traffic management has recently been developed in cloud data centers for traffic load balancing and quality of service provisioning. However, reducing latency during multidimensional resource allocation still remains a challenge. Hence, there is a need for efficient resource scheduling to ensure load optimization in the cloud. The objective of this work is to introduce an integrated resource scheduling and load balancing algorithm for efficient cloud service provisioning. The goal of the proposed system is to select the required load balancing algorithm to enhance resource utilization. Simulations were conducted to evaluate effectiveness using the Cloudsim simulator in cloud data centers, and the results show that the proposed method achieves better performance in terms of the average success rate, resource scheduling efficiency, and response time. The dynamic nature of cloud environments requires constant adaptation in resource allocation strategies. This necessitates the development of algorithms capable of handling diverse workloads efficiently. Additionally, the increasing complexity of applications and services hosted on the cloud demands a comprehensive approach that considers not only load balancing but also the intricacies of resource utilization. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm focuses on predictive analytics to anticipate fluctuations in demand and adjust resource allocation preemptively. By incorporating machine learning techniques, the system can adapt to changing patterns, ensuring optimal performance even in unpredictable scenarios. This holistic approach addresses the evolving challenges in cloud computing, providing a robust foundation for reliable and efficient service provisioning.
DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION IN CENTRAL ASIA AT THE TURN OF THE MILLENNIUM
Authors: Kamalova Malika Nizamovna
Published: March 2024

This article is devoted to the development of education in Central Asia, its historical origins and current reforms. The article examines the pedagogical and moral views of the great poets and thinkers of the Uzbek people, talks about outstanding personalities whose works are devoted to the upbringing and education of highly moral and spiritually rich youth.
Raranga: Supporting rangatahi Hauora through the integration of Kapa haka in music therapy practice.
Authors:   , Hewitt Avalon
Published: March 2024

This action research project explores the development of music therapy practice through the integration of Kapa haka into music therapy. The focus is to support Hauora amongst rangatahi in a school setting. This research was developed during a practicum placement at an outreach highschool for a music therapy service in Aotearoa New Zealand. The connection between te ao Māori and music therapy has previously been documented through kaupapa Māori research studies, however, the literature in this area is sparse. This research project aimed to explore how the integration of Kapa haka into music therapy practice can support rangatahi Hauora. Over three action research cycles, I planned, commenced, evaluated, and reflected upon focused research actions. Thematic analysis was adopted to find themes within the three action cycles and inductive and deductive analysis was used to identify four kaupapa evident across the research cycles; Manaakitanga, Whanaungatanga, Tuakana-teina, and Tino rangatiratanga. The findings of this research show that the integration of Kapa haka into music therapy practice can support rangatahi Hauora through the raranga of the kaupapa; Manaakitanga, Whanaungatanga, Tuakana-teina, and Tino rangatiratanga. Raranga is the Māori term for weaving or to weave. In this exegesis, raranga also refers to the interconnected and relational nature of the findings.
Analysis of Perioperative Respiratory Care Methods and their Application Value in Children with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Quan Liangyin
Published: March 2024

Objective: To analyze the perioperative respiratory care methods and application value in children with congenital heart disease. Methods: 60 children with congenital heart disease (treated from January 2021 to October 2023) were screened and divided into two groups randomly. Each group consisted of 30 cases. The perioperative routine was used in the control group. The observation group underwent the perioperative routine along with better respiratory care. Oxygenation indicators, surgical complications, and family satisfaction levels of the groups were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in the oxygenation index between the two groups of children at admission (P > 0.05). At discharge, the oxygenation indicators in the observation group were better than those of the control group, and the incidence of surgical complications was lower than that of the control group. The total satisfaction of family members in the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: During the perioperative period for children with congenital heart disease, the implementation of respiratory care, which mainly involves symptomatic care, catheter care, sputum suction care, etc., can actively improve the oxygenation indicators, reduce surgical complications, and promote faster and better recovery, of children with congenital heart disease.
Study on the Effect of Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Conventional Rehabilitation Measures on Shoulder Dysfunction in Early Stroke
Authors: Yan Hui , Ding Mingmei , Xu Ye , Ma Zhen , Ma Xiaoqing
Published: March 2024

Objective: To study the effect of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) combined with conventional rehabilitation measures on shoulder dysfunction in early stroke. Methods: 60 patients with shoulder dysfunction in early stroke were selected, and all of them were admitted to our hospital from August 2021 to August 2023. The patients were randomly grouped into a control group (conventional rehabilitation measures intervention, 30 cases) and an intervention group (rPMS and conventional rehabilitation measures intervention, 30 cases) according to the lottery method. The pain scores, shoulder mobility, and motor function scores of the two groups were compared. Results: The pain score was lower in the intervention group, and the shoulder mobility and motor function scores were higher in the intervention group (P < 0.05) as compared to that of the control group. Conclusion: The effect of combining rPMS and conventional rehabilitation measures in treating shoulder dysfunction in early stroke was remarkable and should be popularized.
Exploring the Digital Path of Human Resource Management in Innovation and Entrepreneurship Enterprises
Authors: Wang Hao
Published: March 2024

The digitization of human resource management functions can enhance the adaptability of human resource management and promote the comprehensive digital development of innovative and entrepreneurial enterprises. This article first summarizes and evaluates the connotation and research status of the digitalization of enterprise human resource management. Secondly, it analyzes the influencing factors of digitalization of human resource management in innovative and entrepreneurial enterprises from three aspects: employee factors, organizational factors, and technological factors. Finally, it designs a digitalization plan for human resource management in innovative and entrepreneurial enterprises from four aspects: analyzing the current situation, preparing thoroughly, designing plans, and building systems. It emphasizes the value of digitalization of enterprise human resource management for innovative and entrepreneurial enterprises.
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Internet of Things Technology in the Group Elderly Care Service Platform
Authors: Weng Jianan , Yang Xiyu , Tian Weiming
Published: March 2024

The application of Internet of Things technology in the group elderly care service platform has significant cost-effectiveness advantages. By improving service efficiency and quality, reducing operating costs, and improving user experience and satisfaction, it can provide more high-quality, convenient, and intelligent elderly care services for the elderly. However, the Internet of Things technology also faces some challenges when implemented in the group elderly care service platform, such as security and privacy issues, standardization, and interoperability issues. To address these challenges, it is necessary to improve management and protective measures to achieve the widespread application of Internet of Things technology in group elderly care services. In summary, promoting the application of Internet of Things technology in the group elderly care service platform has broad development prospects and significance in the future.
The Influence of Corporate Eco-Culture on Employees' Behavior Toward the Environment
Authors: Li Na
Published: March 2024

This study examines the influence of corporate eco-culture on employees’ environmental behavior, utilizing a table to highlight key shaping factors. It emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to eco-culture, integrating both mandatory and voluntary elements. Achieving environmental sustainability requires active employee participation and integrating voluntary behavior into professional activities to enhance corporate culture. Engagement in conservation initiatives complements mandatory behavior, demonstrating that eco-culture not only ensures compliance but also inspires voluntary environmental efforts.
Conceptual Design of Transparent Machine Behavior to Facilitate Human-Machine Driving
Authors: Fang Wei-xuan , Yang Wei-guang
Published: March 2024

To facilitate human-machine driving, the functions of the intelligent system need to be displayed clearly to the driver. In this way, the driver will be able to understand the goals, plans, and decisions of the intelligent system. In addition to internal states, the transparency of external states such as the level of control during automated driving is also important. However, the current autonomous driving systems do not allow visibility of the tangible state of the intelligent system. Therefore, we designed a Human Machine Interface (HMI) concept that makes the machine’s behavior visible through virtual changes on the steering wheel, foot pedals, and turn signals. In this way, the lack of awareness of the driver due to the loss of tactile feedback from the vehicle can be compensated, and the driver will be able to observe and predict the behavior of the system, resulting in a better human-machine driving experience.
Еволюція міжнародно-правових основ діяльності засобів масової інформації у війнах і збройних конфліктах
Authors: Тихоненко Ірина
Published: March 2024

У статті здійснено спробу розгляду історичного розвитку дій світової спільноти щодо створення міжнародно-правової бази діяльності засобів масової інформації у війнах і збройних конфліктах. Хронологічний період, який розглядає авторка, охоплює час з 19 століття по сучасність, зважаючи на форми та рівні взаємодії держав і відповідних організацій ЗМІ.

Виявлено, що наприкінці 19 – початку 20 ст. зусилля світової спільноти ґрунтувалися на прагненнях розширити визнання прав ЗМІ відповідно до Кодексу Лібера 1863 р. та Гаазької конвенції 1907 р., на зібраннях представників преси. Періоди Першої та Другої світової воєн показали певні прогалини у захисті преси та розширили формати взаємодії не лише держав, а й недержавних акторів – діяльності Ліги Націй, а також Організації Об’єднаних Націй, міжнародних неурядових організацій. Найбільшим здобутком стала регламентація юридичного статусу працівників ЗМІ в межах міжнародного гуманітарного права та відповідних редакцій Женевських конвенцій про поводження з військовополоненими та Протоколами до них. За наполяганням та участю міжнародних фахових об’єднань ЗМІ питання перейшло у площину відповідних резолюцій Ради Безпеки ООН, Генеральної Асамблеї ООН, ЮНЕСКО. Наразі, велика робота щодо уніфікації та модернізації норм діяльності журналістів у зонах збройних конфліктів ведеться в межах Ради Європи, а також під проводом організації «Репортери без кордонів».

Авторка прийшла до висновку, що історичний розвиток міжнародного законодавства щодо діяльності ЗМІ у збройних конфліктах потребує подальшого доопрацювання зважаючи на унікальність й особливість обставин кожного збройного конфлікту та порушення воюючими сторонами, або державою-агресором загальноприйнятих міжнародною спільнотою норм.