bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wavelet-Based Multi-Focus Image Fusion Using Average Method Noise Diffusion (AMND)
Authors: Singh Prabhishek , Diwakar Manoj
Published: July 2020

Aim:

This paper presents a new and upgraded wavelet-based multi-focus image fusion technique using average
method noise diffusion (AMND).

Objective:

Improved visual appearance of the final image, no blurring in the final fused image and clearly visible objects
(fine edges).

Methods:

This method extends the standard wavelet-based image fusion technique on multi-focus images by
incorporating the hybrid of method noise and anisotropic diffusion in it. This hybrid structure of method noise and
anisotropic diffusion is implemented as the post-processing operation in the proposed method.

Results:

The proposed work shows excellent results in terms of visual appearance and edge preservation. The
experimental results of the proposed method are compared with some of the traditional and non-traditional approaches
where the proposed method shows comparatively better results.

Conclusion:

This paper depicts the robustness, effectiveness and adaptive nature of method noise in the field of image
enhancement especially in the field of image fusion. The performance of the proposed method is analyzed qualitatively
(good visual appearance) and quantitatively (entropy, spatial frequency, and standard deviation). This method has the
capability to be incorporated in real-time applications like surveillance in the visual sensor network (VSN).
Concentración de los macronutrientes del suelo en áreas de pastoreo del departamento de Caquetá, Amazonia colombiana
Authors: Zambrano-Yepes Jennifer , Herrera-Valencia Wilmer , Motta-Delgado Pablo Andrés
Published: July 2020

El establecimiento de ganadería en el noroccidente de la Amazonia colombiana disminuye los macronutrientes en el suelo y afecta los sistemas productivos. El objetivo del estudio fue obtener información de diagnóstico sobre la concentración de los macronutrientes del suelo en lomerío sometidos a pastoreo en nueve municipios del departamento de Caquetá. Se realizaron 463 muestreos de suelo al azar para determinar la concentración en mg/kg de nitrato (N-NO3), fósforo (P), potasio (K), calcio (Ca), magnesio (Mg) y azufre (S). Se realizaron análisis de varianza (Anova) y se compararon las medias mediante la prueba de Tukey (p < 0,05). Se evidenció una concentración de N-NO3 con medias de hasta 90,57 mg/kg en San José del Fragua, El Doncello y San Vicente del Caguán, que presentan diferencias estadísticas con respecto a Puerto Rico (18,83 mg/kg) y La Montañita (5,24 mg/kg). La concentración de P en San Vicente del Caguán, Puerto Rico y San José del Fragua tiene una media entre 1,4 mg/kg y 1,8 mg/kg, y presenta diferencias significativas respecto a La Montañita (3,5 mg/kg). La concentración de K, con una media entre 46,9 mg/kg y 74,2 mg/kg, no presentó diferencias significativas entre las localidades. San Vicente del Caguán fue el único municipio que presentó diferencias significativas de Ca (1.000,9 mg/kg) y Mg (226 mg/kg) en relación con los demás. En cuanto a S, se observaron diferencias significativas entre Cartagena del Chairá (2,29 mg/kg) y San José del Fragua (4,29 mg/kg). En conclusión, se evidenció una generalizada baja concentración de macronutrientes en comparación con los valores óptimos de suelos tropicales.
Stories to Communicate Individual Risk for Opioid Prescriptions for Back and Kidney Stone Pain: Protocol for the Life STORRIED Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Meisel Zachary F , Goldberg Erica B , Dolan Abby R , Bansal Esha , Rhodes Karin V , Hess Erik P , Cannuscio Carolyn C , Schapira Marilyn M , Perrone Jeanmarie , Rodgers Melissa A , Zyla Michael M , Bell Jeffrey J , McCollum Sharon , Shofer Frances S
Published: July 2020

Background

Prescription opioid misuse in the United States is a devastating public health crisis; many chronic opioid users were originally prescribed this class of medication for acute pain. Video narrative–enhanced risk communication may improve patient outcomes, such as knowledge of opioid risk and opioid use behaviors after an episode of acute pain.

Objective

Our objective is to assess the effect of probabilistic and narrative-enhanced opioid risk communication on patient-reported outcomes, including knowledge, opioid use, and patient preferences, for patients who present to emergency departments with back pain and kidney stone pain.

Methods

This is a multisite randomized controlled trial. Patients presenting to the acute care facilities of four geographically and ethnically diverse US hospital centers with acute renal colic pain or musculoskeletal back and/or neck pain are eligible for this randomized controlled trial. A control group of patients receiving general risk information is compared to two intervention groups: one receiving the risk information sheet plus an individualized, visual probabilistic Opioid Risk Tool (ORT) and another receiving the risk information sheet plus a video narrative–enhanced probabilistic ORT. We will study the effect of probabilistic and narrative-enhanced opioid risk communication on the following: risk awareness and recall at 14 days postenrollment, reduced use or preferences for opioids after the emergency department episode, and alignment with patient preference and provider prescription. To assess these outcomes, we administer baseline patient surveys during acute care admission and follow-up surveys at predetermined times during the 3 months after discharge.

Results

A total of 1302 patients were enrolled over 24 months. The mean age of the participants was 40 years (SD 14), 692 out of 1302 (53.15%) were female, 556 out of 1302 (42.70%) were White, 498 out of 1302 (38.25%) were Black, 1002 out of 1302 (76.96%) had back pain, and 334 out of 1302 (25.65%) were at medium or high risk. Demographics and ORT scores were equally distributed across arms.

Conclusions

This study seeks to assess the potential clinical role of narrative-enhanced, risk-informed communication for acute pain management in acute care settings. This paper outlines the protocol used to implement the study and highlights crucial methodological, statistical, and stakeholder involvement as well as dissemination considerations.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03134092; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03134092

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/19496
Undergraduate Medical Competencies in Digital Health and Curricular Module Development: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Poncette Akira-Sebastian , Glauert Daniel Leon , Mosch Lina , Braune Katarina , Balzer Felix , Back David
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Owing to an increase in digital technologies in health care, recently leveraged by the COVID-19 pandemic, physicians are required to use these technologies appropriately and to be familiar with their implications on patient care, the health system, and society. Therefore, medical students should be confronted with digital health during their medical education. However, corresponding teaching formats and concepts are still largely lacking in the medical curricula.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to introduce digital health as a curricular module at a German medical school and to identify undergraduate medical competencies in digital health and their suitable teaching methods.

METHODS

We developed a 3-week curricular module on digital health for third-year medical students at a large German medical school, taking place for the first time in January 2020. Semistructured interviews with 5 digital health experts were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using an abductive approach. We obtained feedback from the participating students and lecturers of the module through a 17-item survey questionnaire.

RESULTS

The module received overall positive feedback from both students and lecturers who expressed the need for further digital health education and stated that the field is very important for clinical care and is underrepresented in the current medical curriculum. We extracted a detailed overview of digital health competencies, skills, and knowledge to teach the students from the expert interviews. They also contained suggestions for teaching methods and statements supporting the urgency of the implementation of digital health education in the mandatory curriculum.

CONCLUSIONS

An elective class seems to be a suitable format for the timely introduction of digital health education. However, a longitudinal implementation in the mandatory curriculum should be the goal. Beyond training future physicians in digital skills and teaching them digital health’s ethical, legal, and social implications, the experience-based development of a critical digital health mindset with openness to innovation and the ability to assess ever-changing health technologies through a broad transdisciplinary approach to translate research into clinical routine seem more important. Therefore, the teaching of digital health should be as practice-based as possible and involve the educational cooperation of different institutions and academic disciplines.
Patient Decision and Experience in the Multi-channel Appointment Context: An Empirical Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ye Qing , Wu Hong
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Long waiting time for treatment in the outpatient department has long been a complaint and influence patient experience. It is critical to schedule patients for doctors to reduce patient waiting time. Nowadays, the multi-channel appointment has been provided for patients to get medical services, especially for those with severe illnesses and remote distance.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore the factors influencing patient appointment channel choice in the context of multi-channel appointments, and how channel choice affects the waiting time for offline visiting.

METHODS

We collected outpatient appointment records from both online and offline appointment channels to conduct our empirical research. The empirical analysis is conducted into two steps. We first analyze the relationship between appointment channel choice and patient waiting time, and then the relationships between three determinants and appointment channel choice. The ordinary least squares and the logistic regression model are used to obtain empirical results.

RESULTS

Our results show that a patient with an online appointment decision has a shorter consultation waiting time compared with a patient with on-site appointment (β = -0.320, p<0.001). High-quality resource demand (β = 0.349, p<0.001), high-severity disease (β = 0.011, p<0.001), and high non-disease costs (β = 0.039, p<0.001) create an obvious incentive for patients to make appointments via the Internet. Further, only the effect of non-disease cost on channel choice is lower for patients with multiple visit histories (β = -0.021, p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study confirms the effect of Internet use on reducing patient waiting time. Patients consider both health-related risk factors and cost-related risk factors to make decisions on appointment channels. Our study produces several insights, which have implications for channel choice and patient behavior literature. More importantly, these insights as a whole, contribute to the design of appointment systems of hospitals.

CLINICALTRIAL
Use and Appreciation of a Web-Based, Computer-Tailored Diet and Physical Activity Intervention Based on the Self-determination Theory: Evaluation Study of Process and Predictors (Preprint)
Authors: Coumans Juul M J , Oenema Anke , Bolman Catherine A W , Lechner Lilian
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

eHealth is a promising tool for promoting lifestyle behaviors such as a healthy diet and physical activity (PA). However, making people use interventions is a crucial and challenging problem in eHealth. More insight into use patterns and predicting factors is needed to improve future interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the use, predictors of use, and appreciation of a web-based, computer-tailored, dietary and PA promotion intervention, MyLifestyleCoach, which is based on the self-determination theory. First, we depict the participants’ flow in the intervention and identify moments when they are likely to discontinue use. Second, we investigate whether demographic, motivational, and program-related characteristics predict the use of several intervention elements. Finally, we report the appreciation scores for the intervention and the participant and program characteristics associated with these scores.

METHODS

This study was based on data from web-based self-report questionnaires. Here, objectively assessed intervention use data were analyzed from participants randomized to the intervention condition. Multiple stepwise (logistic) regression analyses were conducted to examine the predictors of intervention use and evaluation scores.

RESULTS

Our findings indicate a low full completion rate for the intervention among those who chose and completed the diet module (49/146, 33.6%), the PA module (2/12, 17%), and both modules (58/273, 21.2%). Several points in the intervention where participants were likely to stop using the intervention were identified. Autonomous and intrinsic motivation toward diet were related to the completion of the initial sessions of the intervention (ie, the opening session in which participants could choose which module to follow and the first session of the diet module). In contrast, controlled motivation was linked to the completion of both modules (initial and follow-up sessions). Appreciation scores were somewhat positive. Appreciation was predicted by several motivational constructs, such as amotivation and basic psychological needs (eg, competence) and program-related features (eg, number of completed sessions).

CONCLUSIONS

This study adds meaningful information on the use and appreciation of a web-based, computer-tailored dietary and PA intervention, MyLifestyleCoach. The results indicate that different types of motivations, such as extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, are at play at the points when people are likely to stop using the intervention. The intervention was appreciated fairly well, and several motivational constructs and fulfillment of basic psychological needs were associated with appreciation. Practical implications of these findings have been provided in this study.
TEAM IDEA MAPPING METHOD: A BRAIN STORMING SESSION FOR ENHANCING PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS IN POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY STUDENTS AS ASSESSED BY SELF-EFFICACY (Preprint)
Authors: Goswami Binita
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Team idea mapping (TIM) method is a type of brain storming technique for group deliberation in a non judgmental and friendly environment. It encourages participation by all the members, thereby instilling confidence. Such deliberations can enhance problem solving skills of postgraduate (PG) students.

OBJECTIVE

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of TIM sessions on the problem solving skills of PG students of Biochemistry, as deduced from retro-pre self-efficacy questionnaire.

METHODS

The study was conducted enrolling students pursuing PG-MD course in Medical Biochemistry in a premier medical college. First TIM session was preceded by sensitization of PG students and departmental faculty. In total, four TIM sessions were conducted. Retro-pre self efficacy questionnaire was administered 3 months after the last session. Feedback from the students was collected immediately after last session and satisfaction index was also calculated.

RESULTS

The satisfaction index was highest (100) for items stating that TIM sessions promoted interactivity and participatory behavior and lowest (78) for item stating that TIM sessions promoted reflective behavior respectively. The students expressed enhanced self-efficacy in understanding Biochemistry concepts, clinical application of Biochemistry, problem solving skills in Biochemistry, interpreting laboratory reports, participation in group works and clarifying problems with peers and seniors. However, the sessions were not as effective in instilling technical skills like trouble shooting for analyzer breakdowns.

CONCLUSIONS

TIM is an effective tool for instilling problem solving skills in medical PG students, additionally fortifying their attitude to work in groups.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
Remote Measurement in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Qualitative Analysis of Patient Perspectives (Preprint)
Authors: White Katie M , Ivan Alina , Williams Ruth , Galloway James B , Norton Sam , Matcham Faith
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by recurrent fluctuations in symptoms such as joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. Remote measurement technologies (RMTs) offer the opportunity to track symptoms continuously and in real time; therefore, they may provide a more accurate picture of RA disease activity as a complement to prescheduled general practitioner appointments. Previous research has shown patient interest in remote symptom tracking in RA and has provided evidence for its clinical validity. However, there is a lack of co-design in the current development of systems, and the features of RMTs that best promote optimal engagement remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE

This study represents the first in a series of work that aims to develop a multiparametric RMT system for symptom tracking in RA. The objective of this study is to determine the important outcomes for disease management in patients with RA and how these can be best captured via remote measurement.

METHODS

A total of 9 patients (aged 23-77 years; mean 55.78, SD 17.54) with RA were recruited from King’s College Hospital to participate in two semistructured focus groups. Both focus group discussions were conducted by a facilitator and a lived-experience researcher. The sessions were recorded, transcribed, independently coded, and analyzed for themes.

RESULTS

Thematic analysis identified a total of four overarching themes: important symptoms and outcomes in RA, management of RA symptoms, views on the current health care system, and views on the use of RMTs in RA. Mobility and pain were key symptoms to consider for symptom tracking as well as symptom triggers. There is a general consensus that the ability to track fluctuations and transmit such data to clinicians would aid in individual symptom management and the effectiveness of clinical care. Suggestions for visually capturing symptom fluctuations in an app were proposed.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings support previous work on the acceptability of RMT with RA disease management and address key outcomes for integration into a remote monitoring system for RA self-management and clinical care. Clear recommendations for RMT design are proposed. Future work will aim to take these recommendations into a user testing phase.

CLINICALTRIAL
Valproic Acid as an Adjuvant Treatment for Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Adults Admitted to Intensive Care Units: Protocol for a Double-Blind, Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Sharshar Tarek , Ben Hadj Salem Omar , Porcher Raphaël , Grimaldi-Bensouda Lamiae , Heming Nicholas , Clair Bernard , Azabou Eric , Mazeraud Aurélien , Rohaut Benjamin , Outin Hervé
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Generalized convulsive status epilepticus (GCSE) is a frequent medical emergency. GCSE treatment focuses on the administration of benzodiazepines followed by a second-line antiepileptic drug (AED). Despite this stepwise strategy, GCSE is not controlled in one-quarter of patients and is associated with protracted hospitalization, high mortality, and long-term disability. Valproic acid (VPA) is an AED with good tolerability and neuroprotective properties.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to demonstrate that administration of VPA as an adjuvant for first- and second-line treatment in GCSE can improve outcomes.

METHODS

A multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted, comparing VPA with a placebo in adults admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) for GCSE in France. GCSE was diagnosed by specifically trained ICU physicians according to standard criteria. All patients received standard of care, including a benzodiazepine and a second-line AED (not VPA), at the discretion of the treating medical team. In the intervention arm, VPA was administered intravenously at a loading dose of 30 mg/kg over 15 minutes, followed by a continuous infusion of 1 mg/kg/hour over the next 12 hours. In the placebo group, an identical intravenous administration of 0.9% saline was used. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients discharged alive from the hospital by day 15. Secondary outcomes were frequency of refractory and super refractory GCSE, ICU-related morbidity, adverse events related to VPA, and cognitive dysfunction at 3 months. Statistical analyses will be performed according to the intent-to-treat principle.

RESULTS

The first patient was randomized on February 18, 2013, and the last patient was randomized on July 7, 2018. Of 248 planned patients, 98.7% (245/248) were enrolled across 20 ICUs. At present, data management is still ongoing, and all parties involved in the trial remain blinded.

CONCLUSIONS

The Valproic Acid as an Adjuvant Treatment for Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus (VALSE) trial will evaluate whether the use of VPA as an adjuvant for first- and second-line treatment in GCSE improves outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01791868; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01791868.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/22511
Smartphone Usage Among Doctors in the Clinical Setting in Two Culturally Distinct Countries: Cross-sectional Comparative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Nair Anjali Ajay , Afroz Samreen , Ahmed Bushra Urooj , Ahmed Uzma Urooj , Foo Chi Chung , Zaidan Hind , Corbally Martin
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Smartphones and mobile applications have seen a surge in popularity in recent years, a pattern that has also been reflected in the health care system. Despite increased reliance among clinicians however, limited research has been conducted on the uptake and impact of smartphone usage in medical practice, especially outside the Western world.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify the usage of smartphones and medical apps by doctors in the clinical setting in 2 culturally distinct countries: King Hamad University Hospital (KHUH), Bahrain and Queen Mary Hospital (QMH), Hong Kong.

METHODS

A cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted where doctors in both hospitals were asked to take part in a 15-item online survey. The questions were categorized into the following groups: demographics of the study population, ownership and main use of smartphones, number and names of medical apps currently owned, rating usage of smartphones for medical purposes, time spent on a smartphone related to clinical use, clinical reliance on smartphones, and views on further integration of smartphones. The results were then tabulated and analyzed using SPSS Statistics 25 for Mac (IBM Corp Inc, Armonk, NY).

RESULTS

A total of 200 doctors were surveyed, with a total of 99.0% (99/100) of the doctors owning a smartphone in both KHUH and QMH; 58% (57/99) and 55% (54/99) of the doctors from KHUH and QMH, respectively, identified communication as their main use of smartphones in the clinical setting (P=.004). Doctors from KHUH were likely to spend more time on medical apps than doctors from QMH (P=.002). According to the overall results of both hospitals, 48% (32/67) of the junior doctors claimed high reliance on smartphones, whereas only 32.3% (41/127) of the senior doctors said the same (P=.03). Of doctors in KHUH and QMH, 78.0% (78/100) and 69.0% (69/100), respectively, either strongly agreed or agreed that smartphones need to be integrated into the clinical setting. In terms of preferences for future apps, 48% (48/100) and 56% (56/100) of the doctors in KHUH and QMH, respectively, agreed that more medical applications need to be created in order to support smartphone use in the clinical setting.

CONCLUSIONS

These results suggest a substantial acceptance of smartphones by doctors in the clinical setting. It also elicits the need to establish policies to officially integrate smartphone technology into health care in accordance with ethical guidelines. More emphasis should be placed on creating medical applications that aid health care professionals in attaining their information from accurate sources and also regulate a system to monitor the usage of mobile devices within hospitals to prevent a breach of patient privacy and confidentiality.
Synthesis of Activated Carbon/Chitosan/Alginate Beads Powder as an Adsorbent for Methylene Blue and Methyl Violet 2B Dyes
Authors: Purnaningtyas Margaretha Aditya Kurnia , Sudiono Sri , Siswanta Dwi
Published: July 2020

The activated carbon-chitosan-alginate (KKA) beads powder was synthesized to form an adsorbent for the cationic dyes, methylene blue (MB) and methyl violet 2B (MV 2B). The aims of this research were to determine the optimum composition of KKA beads powder for the adsorption of cationic dyes and to investigate the effect of pH, adsorbent mass, contact time, and initial concentration of MB and MV 2B dyes. A desorption study was also implemented to predict the adsorption mechanisms of MB and MV 2B dyes. The KKA beads powder was prepared by mixing chitosan, Na-alginate with various variation of masses (0.6; 0.8; 1.0; and 1.2 g) and activated carbon. The KKA beads were immersed in a CaCl2 solution. The KKA beads powder was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy and SEM. The desorption study was conducted in NaCl (0.1 M and 1.0 M), ethanol (40% and 60%), and pH 4 solution. The result showed that the KKA beads powder had been successfully created, with maximum adsorption capacities of 1.34 mmol g–1 for MB and 1.23 mmol g–1 for MV 2B. The kinetics and isotherms of MB and MV dyes adsorption on the KKA beads powder followed pseudo second order kinetics model and Freundlich isotherm. The desorption study showed that 60% ethanol was the most effective desorption solution for cationic dyes.
Myristica fragrans Shells as Potential Low Cost Bio-Adsorbent for the Efficient Removal of Rose Bengal from Aqueous Solution: Characteristic and Kinetic Study
Authors: Waheeb Azal Shakir , Alshamsi Hassan Abbas Habeeb , Al-Hussainawy Mohammed Kassim , Saud Haider Radhi
Published: July 2020

In the present study, the Myristica fragrans shells (MFS) was used as low-cost bio adsorbent for the removal of Rose Bengal (RB) dye from aqueous solutions. The characteristics of MFS powder were studied before and after adsorption using different techniques such as Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), BET and BJH surface area analysis, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Batch adsorption was adopted to evaluate the effect of various parameters on the removal of RB such as; time of contact (5–75 min), initial dye concentration (10–50 mg L–1), adsorbent dose (0.1–1.7 g L–1) and pH (3–12). The results revealed that the coverage of MFS surface by RB molecules involved the formation of ester bond (esterification), and the pore diameter decreased from 190.55 to 2.43 nm when adsorption of RB onto MFS surface occurred. Experimental adsorption data were modelled using isotherm models including Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin. Temkin isotherm demonstrated to be the best isothermal model, and the results indicate that the adsorption of Rose Bengal on MFS surface follows pseudo second-order kinetics model. The adsorption of dye at different pH media showed that the esterification process was more preferred in acidic solution.
Antimicrobial and Anti-Oxidative Activities of 12-Arylbenzoacridines
Authors: Wungsintaweekul Boonsong , Abe Kayoko , Koga Rintaro , Katakura Yoshinori , Torikai Kohei
Published: July 2020

Searching biologically active compounds has been one of the major duties of organic chemists. We previously constructed a library of synthetic 12-arylbenzoacridines and found estrogenic and anti-estrogenic agents. With taking the shot-gun approach into consideration, further exploration for bioactive species in the above library was carried out. As a result, new antibacterial agents against S. aureus (MIC = 16 μM), E. coli (MIC = 7.8 μM), E. faecalis (MIC = 0.98 μM), and A. baumannii (MIC = 31 μM) were found. Moreover, we also unveiled that some of the tested compounds exhibit cell-based anti-oxidative activity. These results clearly show a good potential of 12-arylbenzoacridines as novel pharmacophores, which is useful to establish various medicines.
Higher Un-Learning and the Attack on Black Scholarship: The Political and Racialist Demagoguery of David Horowitz
Authors: Bracey, Ph.D., DPA Earnest N.
Published: July 2020

To say that popular writer David Horowitz is a staunch conservative is not very useful or important to the following discussion about this strange and confused Jewish man. Indeed, whatever happened to Horowitz’s integrity and commitment (as a young man) to the cause of liberal ideas and principles, such as racial equality, equal rights for all; and specifically, justice for the poor and the downtrodden? Did Horowitz sell his soul to the devil for selfish reasons (and recognition), and/or for money? Horowitz, no doubt, enjoys his role immensely as an academic provocateur or troublemaker, and champion of the new conservative right. We are dumbfounded by Horowitz’s neo-ignorance. But he is certainly making more money as a rabid conservative than when he was an avowed left-wing radical of the sixties. So Horowitz has essentially sold-out the traditional liberal cause with his hackneyed criticism of black, public intellectuals and black liberal scholarship. But he should know that all Americans do not share his conservative points of view and mistaken philosophy on many political issues.
Aprendizagem, desenvolvimento profissional e personalidade docente
Authors: Núñez Beltrán Isauro , Ramalho Betania Leite
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, propõe-se uma releitura das categorias aprendizagem e desenvolvimento profissional de professores no contexto da formação continuada sob o Enfoque Histórico-Cultural a fim de se mostrar as potencialidades do mesmo como uma perspectiva integradora. Tomando a personalidade do professor como categoria estruturante, analisa-se a aprendizagem como uma atividade da personalidade para a apropriação criativa da cultura profissional que tributa para o desenvolvimento docente, de modo que essas categorias sejam compreendidas como partes de um sistema complexo e dialético. Nesse sistema, estas se integram e se explicam com auxílio de outras categorias, como situação social de desenvolvimento e vivência, de forma a se considerar a aprendizagem docente e o desenvolvimento profissional como fenômenos da personalidade, em uma dialética que integra as dimensões afetivas e cognitivas no contexto sócio-histórico da profissão.
A história oral e seus lugares
Authors: Santhiago Ricardo
Published: July 2020

Resenha do livro Speaking of Buildings: Oral History in Architectural Research organizado por Janina Gosseye, Naomi Stead e Deborah van der Plaat.
Potensi Karbon Tersimpan Hutan Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser Resort Tenggulun Sebagai Upaya Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim
Authors: Arico Zulfan , Jayanthi Sri
Published: July 2020

Gunung Leuser National Park Resort Tenggulun since 1998-2008 continues to plunder its standing in the way was converted into oil palm plantations. The area was damaged forest of 2,200 hectares / year. This study aims to protect and maintain the forest as a climate change mitigation efforts. The method to determine the location of the study using purposive sampling with squares method to determine the density of vegetation. Furthermore, the method of calculation of the carbon stocks stored calculated using allometric equations. From the results, the results of total forest biomass Gunung Leuser National Park Resort Tenggulun amounted to 330.998 tons / Ha. While the amount of carbon stored by 165.999 tons / Ha
Perancangan Sistem Pengendalian Perangkat Listrik Rumah Tangga Berbasis Radio Frekuensi YS1020UB dan Mikrokontroler ATMEGA16
Authors: Satria Dedi , Ahmadian Hendri
Published: July 2020

Sistem kendali perangkat listrik terutama lampu pada saat ini masih menggunakan kaedah konvensional yaitu masih menggunakan saklar sebagai antarmuka sistem. Teknologi remote merupakan teknologi untuk mempermudah pengguna untuk mengeksekusi perangkat elektronik secara jarak jauh. Akan tetapi teknologi remote yang digunakan saat ini rata-rata masih menggunakan teknologi inframerah. Teknologi inframerah mempunyai beberapa keterbatasan dalam mengirimkan sinyalnya yaitu arah transmisi dan jarak. Berbeda dengan sistem tranmisi radio frekuensi yang dapat dicapai dari segala arah dan mempunyai jarak trasnmisi yang jauh. Dalam tujuan penelitian adalah membangun sistem kendali jarak jauh perangkat listrik terutama lampu menggunakan teknologi radio frekuensi. Sistem dibangun dalam dua sistem yaitu sistem pemancar dan sistem penerima berbasis mikrokontroler dan modul radio frekuensi. Metodelogi pengembangannya dimulai dengan analisa sistem, perancangan alat, pembuatan algoritma program, pengkodean dan pengujian sistem. Penelitian ini menghasilkan prototipe sistem kendali perangkat listrik wireless berbasis Radio Frekuensi.
El valor de noche en prisión: el cobro de carcelaje en la Arequipa tardovirreinal, 1750-1836
Authors: Belan César
Published: July 2020

La historiografía, las fuentes documentales y la doctrina de la época aluden a la miserable condición de los reos en las cárceles de los siglos xvi al xviii. Curiosamente, a pesar del penoso estado en que se encontraban, era una obligación de estos pagar al carcelero una tasa llamada carcelaje . El presente artículo se ocupará de analizar la imposición de carcelajes en el último siglo de monarquía hispánica y la temprana república peruana en Arequipa. Se buscará establecer cómo se adaptó la institución del carcelaje a estos territorios y qué problemas sociales y culturales se derivaban de su cobro. Así también las continuidades y peculiaridades de esta institución en un ámbito periférico del mundo hispánico como lo eran las antiguas intendencia y departamento de Arequipa.
Para una historia socioeconómica de los albañiles en la parcialidad de San Juan de México Tenochtitlán en la Ciudad de México a inicios del siglo XIX
Authors: Quiroz Enriqueta
Published: July 2020

El artículo estudia el gasto doméstico de los albañiles de la parcialidad de San Juan de México Tenochtitlán en el año 1800. El propósito central es establecer una relación entre la conformación familiar de estos trabajadores y la espiral inflacionaria iniciada desde 1800. Se sostiene que el alza de precios de los alimentos básicos influyó en sus condiciones de vida y en la imposibilidad de sostener con el jornal —especialmente de peón, oficial— a una familia extensa y, por el contrario, fue usual la vida de individuos solitarios, sin hijos ni cónyuge. La investigación fuerealizada a partir del cruce de diferentes fuentes económicas como precios, nivel de jornales y registros censales del año 1800 levantados para la parcialidad de San Juan, zona que corresponde a un amplio sector de la población de Ciudad de México, reconocido tradicionalmente como un espacio habitado por indígenas. Al tomar como foco de estudio a los albañiles de esta zona, se piensa que a través de sus tres categorías laborales —peón, oficial y sobrestante— se ejemplifica de manera concreta el impacto de la crisis económica de inicios del siglo xix en sujetos y familias con distintos niveles de ingresos que residían en la Ciudad de México.
Mujeres atrateñas, oficios reparadores y espacios de vida
Authors: Quiceno Toro Natalia , Villamizar Gelves Adriana
Published: July 2020

En el Chocó, los grupos Artesanías Guayacán (municipio de Bojayá) y Artesanías Choibá (municipio de Quibdó) congregan a mujeres negras alrededor de oficios textiles. En estos espacios propios las mujeres narran las experiencias vividas en medio del conflicto armado y crean conocimientos colectivos que les permiten rehacer la vida. En este artículo exponemos las formas en que las prácticas cotidianas agenciadas por estas mujeres atrateñas sostienen la vida en un río disputado por diversos actores políticos, económicos y armados. También mostramos de qué modo sus estrategias y luchas generaron procesos de subjetivación que cambian los lugares usualmente asignados a las mujeres en las comunidades y los procesos organizativos locales, redefiniendo los espacios públicos y domésticos.
The Heating Microenvironment: Intercellular Cross Talk Within Thermogenic Adipose Tissue
Authors: Knights Alexander J. , Wu Jun , Tseng Yu-Hua
Published: July 2020

Adipose tissue serves as the body’s primary energy storage site; however, findings in recent decades have transformed our understanding of the multifaceted roles of this adaptable organ. The ability of adipose tissue to undergo energy expenditure through heat generation is termed adaptive thermogenesis, a process carried out by thermogenic adipocytes. Adipocytes are the primary parenchymal cell type in adipose tissue, yet these cells are sustained within a rich stromal vascular microenvironment comprised of adipose stem cells and progenitors, immune cells, neuronal cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Intricate cross talk between these diverse cell types is essential in regulating the activation of thermogenic fat, and the past decade has shed significant light on how this intercellular communication functions. This review will draw upon recent findings and current perspectives on the sophisticated repertoire of cellular and molecular features that comprise the adipose thermogenic milieu.
Impact of a Weekly GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, Albiglutide, on Glycemic Control and on Reducing Prandial Insulin Use in Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled on Multiple Insulin Therapy: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Rosenstock Julio , Nino Antonio , Soffer Joseph , Erskine Lois , Acusta Andre , Dole Jo , Carr Molly C. , Mallory Jason , Home Philip
Published: July 2020

Objective: The principle of replacing prandial insulin
lispro with a once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) in type 2 diabetes inadequately
controlled on a multiple daily insulin injections regimen was tested with
albiglutide.

Research Design and Methods: In this treat-to-target study, basal+prandial
insulin was optimized over 4 weeks before participants were randomized (1:1) to
albiglutide plus optimized basal insulin glargine and lispro (dose reduced by 50%
at randomization; subsequently lispro injections were fully discontinued 4 weeks
later) (n=402), or to continued optimized lispro plus optimized glargine
(n=412).

Results: Mean±SD HbA1c at baseline, 7.8±0.6% (61±7 mmol/mol) in the albiglutide+glargine group and 7.7±0.6% (60±7 mmol/mol) in the
lispro+glargine group, were reduced at week 26 to 6.7±0.8% (49±8 mmol/mol) and 6.6±0.8%
(48±8 mmol/mol); respectively (LS difference 0.06% [95% CI, −0.05 to 0.17]; noninferiority
P<0.0001). In the albiglutide+glargine
group, 218 participants (54%) replaced all prandial insulin without
reintroducing lispro up to week 26. Total daily prandial insulin dose was
similar at baseline but was lower by 62U/day (95% CI −65.9 to −57.8; P<0.0001) at week 26 in the
albiglutide+glargine group  and the total number of weekly injections was also
reduced from 29 to 13 per week. Less severe/documented symptomatic hypoglycemia (57.2% vs. 75.0%) occurred
in the albiglutide+glargine group with meaningful weight differences (LS
mean±SE: −2.0±0.2 vs. +2.4±0.2 kg; P<0.0001)
vs. lispro+glargine. Gastrointestinal adverse events were higher with
albiglutide+glargine (26% vs. 13%).

Conclusions: A
once-weekly GLP-1RA was able to substitute for prandial insulin in 54% of
people, substantially reducing the number of prandial insulin injections; glycemic
control improved, with the added benefits of weight loss and less hypoglycemia
in the GLP1RA arm. Replacing prandial insulin with a weekly GLP-1RA can simplify
basal+prandial insulin treatments and achieve better outcomes in type 2
diabetes.
Modification of TA15 alloy surface by high-pulse-frequency laser cleaning
Authors: Liu Bowen , Mi Gaoyang , Wang Chunming
Published: July 2020

The original morphology of the oxide layer and the surface of the titanium alloy has a significant impact on manufacturing and processing. The laser cleaning pulse frequency amplitude affects the single pulse energy. It will affect the original morphology of the surface and the compositional changes of the laser-generated oxide layer. This work aims to study the effect of pulse frequency on the surface morphology and the composition of laser-generated oxide layer of the TA15 alloy surface in laser cleaning. With normal pulse frequency (70 kHz), the surface roughness increased to micrometer order. The striation morphology was formed, accompanied by melting. With high pulse frequency (700 kHz), the surface roughness (Ra) decreased to submicrometer order. The striation morphology and the melting phenomenon weakened and disappeared. The change in pulse frequency results in different chemical bonds on the surface. With normal pulse frequency, the oxide layer forming on the surface was mainly composed of TiO2 and a small amount of TiO. With high pulse frequency, the oxide layer forming on the surface was mainly composed of TiO. After laser cleaning, the self-corrosion current of the sample decreased by orders of magnitude compared with that of untreated samples. The corrosion resistance increased as the pulse frequency increased. The self-corrosion potential increased with an increase in the TiO amount.
Skala TAI-G Untuk Kecemasan Menghadapi Ujian Pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Nayu Hasnaa' Zahuna
Published: July 2020

Anxiety facing exams refers to the student's tendency to understand evaluativ situations where their performance will be assessed, such as high-risk exams, as they are very threatening. The threat here is their self-esteem, fear will be judged negatively by teachers, friends, or parents.  The purpose of this research is to seek the validity and reliability of the TAI-G scale. This research uses a quantitative approach. The number of samples of this study was 101 SMA/SMK students in Magelang with an age range of 15-17 years. Sampling in this study used simple random sampling techniques. The results of the analysis show 21 items declared valid with a correlation of item-Total 0.25, 1 invalid item with a total-item correlation of 0.25, and an alpha reliability of 0.907.
PERSEPSI SISWA KELAS XI TERHADAP KEGIATAN MANAJEMEN KELAS OLEH GURU DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN NEGERI (SMKN) 2 PADANG
Authors: Trisia Cici
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research is to observe information about student perception for XI class toward the class management activities by teacher at the state vocational school No. 2 Padang. This is description research. The population of research is 418 students and research sample is 81 students that was taken propotional random sampling. The research instrument is questioner by scale model of Likert that has been examined validate and reability. The analysis data by using average formula (mean). The result of this research indicated that student perception for XI class toward the class management activities by teacher at the state vocational school No. 2 Padang is in good category by using average scores 3,69 become  73,70 percant.Key words :  perception, class management.
Hubungan Motivasi Kerja dengan Kinerja Guru Taman Kanak Kanak di Kecamatan Padang Utara Kota Padang
Authors: Rahmi Fadhila , Zulminiati Zulminiati
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the relationship between work motivation and the performance of kindergarten teachers in Padang Utara District, Padang City. The hypothesis in this study proposed is that there is a meaningful relationship between work motivation and the performance of kindergarten teachers in Padang Utara District,Padang City. This type of research correlational with a kuantatif approach,which describes the relationshipof work motivation with the performance of kindergarten teachers in Padang Utara District, Padang City. The population in this study, with 82 teacher  who taught in kindergarten in Padang Utara Subdistrict,Padang City,and were sampled in this study,with 43 people taken using the stratified Proposional Random Sampling techninque. The instruments in this study are likert scale model questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reability and the result are valid and reabel. Data were analyzed using Produt Moment correlation formula with SPPS version 17. Based on data analysis,the coefficient of determination of work motivation was obtained at 0,512. The correlation coefficient between work motivation and the performance of kindergarten teachers is 0,715.This means that motivation is 71,5% towards the performance of significant 5% kindergarten teachers. Based of these data it can be concluded work motivation has a positive relationship with the performance of  kindergarten teacher in Padang Utara District,Padang City.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL COOPERATIVE TIPE COURSE REVIEW HORAY PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK TERPADU DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Siddiq Muhammad , Reinita Reinita
Published: July 2020

This Study aims to determine the effect of Course Review Horay (CRH) modeling method on the student’s learning outcome in civic education. This research is a classroom action research using qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the implementation, this research consists of two cycles, namely cycle I two meetings and cycle II one meeting. Includes four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects of this research were 34 teachers and grade IV students.Student learning outcomes in research Cycle I 62.0 with good qualifications increased in cycle II to 86.64 with very good qualifications. Thus the Cooperative Learning model type Course Review Horay has been able to improve student learning outcomes in Integrated Thematic learning in class IV SDN 01 Benteng Pasar Atas Bukittinggi.The Key word: Course Review Horay (CRH) clasroom action research, Integrated Thematic learning
CONCEPTUAL STRUCTURE OF THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE TERRITORALLY DISTRIBUTED ENTERPRISE OF THE SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY
Authors: Oleynikov Aleksandr
Published: July 2020

Information support of production is the key to the profitability of the enterprise. Timely formation and delivery of documentation, accounting of inventories purchased by production and accounting of products manufactured by the enterprise are simplified by the introduction of management accounting information systems. Such systems are widely represented and have positive feedback from enterprises that have implemented these solutions. Nevertheless, the existing systems, for the most part, cover the needs of enterprises of the engineering complex without taking into account the shipbuilding industry. The choice of systems for the shipbuilding industry is extremely limited in the Russian market. The shipbuilding industry carries out projects similar in complexity to the production of flight equipment. The construction time of some orders may stretch for several years. In this case, management accounting systems implemented at the enterprises of the shipbuilding industry can reduce the time of long-term production, monitor targets and carry out production planning. The paper discusses the main of the existing on the information market, management accounting systems. Their comparative characteristics are given, the possibility of their adaptation to the tasks of the shipbuilding industry is assessed.