bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Osteogenic Markers at Late Stage of Osteoblast Differentiation in Silicon and Zinc Doped Porous TCP
Authors: Fielding Gary A. , Sarkar Naboneeta , Vahabzadeh Sahar , Bose Susmita
Published: November 2019

Calcium phosphates (CaPs) are one of the most widely used synthetic materials for bone grafting applications in the orthopedic industry. Recent trends in synthetic bone graft applications have shifted towards the incorporation of metal trace elements that extend the performance of CaPs to have osteoinductive properties. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of silicon (Si) and zinc (Zn) dopants in highly porous tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffolds on late-stage osteoblast cell differentiation markers. In this study, an oil emulsion method is utilized to fabricate highly porous SiO2 doped β-TCP (Si-TCP) and ZnO doped β-TCP (Zn-TCP) scaffolds through the incorporation of 0.5 wt.% SiO2 and 0.25 wt.% ZnO, respectively, to the β-TCP scaffold. Reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is utilized to analyze the mRNA expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear kappa beta ligand (RANKL), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) at the later stage of osteoblast differentiation, day 21 and day 28. Results show that the addition of Si and Zn to the β-TCP structure inhibited the β to α-TCP phase transformation and enhance the density without affecting the dissolution properties. Normal BMP-2 and Runx2 transcriptions are observed in both Si-TCP and Zn-TCP scaffolds at the initial time point, as demonstrated by RT-qPCR. Moreover, the addition of both Si and Zn positively regulate the osteoprotegerin: receptor activator of nuclear factor k-β ligand (OPG:RANKL) ratio at 21-days for Si-TCP and Zn-TCP scaffolds. These results demonstrate the effects of Si and Zn doped porous β-TCP scaffolds on the upregulation of osteoblast marker gene expression including OPG, RANKL, BMP-2, and Runx2, indicating the role of trace elements on the effective regulation of late-stage osteoblast cell differentiation markers.
Lipid-Assisted Polymerization of Nucleotides
Authors: Olasagasti Felix , Rajamani Sudha
Published: November 2019

In addition to being one of the proponents of the “Lipid World hypothesis”, David Deamer, together with other colleagues, pioneered studies involving formation of RNA-like oligomers from their ‘non-activated’, prebiotically plausible monomeric moieties. In particular, the pioneering work in this regard was a publication from 2008 in Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres, The Journal of the International Astrobiology Society, wherein we described the formation of RNA-like oligomers from nucleoside 5’-monophosphates. In that study, we had simulated a terrestrial geothermal environment, a niche that is thought to have facilitated the prebiotic non-enzymatic synthesis of polynucleotides. We showed that a mixture of lipids and non-activated mononucleotides resulted in the formation of relatively long strands of RNA-like polymers when subjected to repeated cycles of dehydration and rehydration (DH-RH). Since 2008, terrestrial geothermal niches and DH-RH conditions have been explored in the context of several other prebiotic processes. In this article, we review the work that we and other researchers have carried out since then in this line of research, including the development of new apparatus to carry out the simulation of prebiotic terrestrial geothermal environments.
Current Food Consumption amongst the Spanish ANIBES Study Population
Authors: Partearroyo Teresa , Samaniego-Vaesken María de Lourdes , Ruiz Emma , Aranceta-Bartrina Javier , Gil Ángel , González-Gross Marcela , Ortega Rosa M. , Serra-Majem Lluis , Varela-Moreiras Gregorio
Published: November 2019

Dietary habits amongst the Spanish population are currently a relevant cause for concern, as macronutrient profiles and micronutrient intakes seem to be inadequate and globally moving away from the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern. However, recent food consumption patterns have not been fully assessed. In the present study, our aim was therefore to describe the current food consumption from the “anthropometric data, macronutrients and micronutrients intake, practice of physical activity, socioeconomic data and lifestyles in Spain” (ANIBES) study population by assessing data defined by age and gender. The ANIBES study is a cross-sectional study of a nationally representative sample of the Spanish population. A three-day dietary record was used to obtain information about food and beverage consumption. The sample comprised 2009 individuals aged 9–75 years, plus a boost sample for the youngest age groups (9–12, 13–17, and 18–24 years, n = 200 per age group). The most consumed food group across all age segments were non-alcoholic beverages followed by milk and dairy products and vegetables. Consumption of cereals and derivatives, milk and dairy products, sugars and sweets, and ready-to-eat meals by children was significantly higher than those by the adult and older adult populations (p ≤ 0.05). Conversely, intakes of vegetables, fruits, and fish and shellfish were significantly higher in adults and older adults (p ≤ 0.05). In order to comply with recommendations, adherence to the Mediterranean dietary patterns should be strengthened, especially amongst younger population groups. Therefore, substantial nutritional interventions may be targeted to improve the Spanish population’s dietary patterns nowadays.
Peptide Epitope Hot Spots of CD4 T Cell Recognition Within Influenza Hemagglutinin During the Primary Response to Infection
Authors: Knowlden Zackery A. G. , Richards Katherine A. , Moritzky Savannah A. , Sant Andrea J.
Published: November 2019

Antibodies specific for the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of influenza virus are critical for protective immunity to infection. Our studies show that CD4 T cells specific for epitopes derived from HA are the most effective in providing help for the HA-specific B cell responses to infection and vaccination. In this study, we asked whether HA epitopes recognized by CD4 T cells in the primary response to infection are equally distributed across the HA protein or if certain segments are enriched in CD4 T cell epitopes. Mice that collectively expressed eight alternative MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) class II molecules, that would each have different peptide binding specificities, were infected with an H1N1 influenza virus. CD4 T cell peptide epitope specificities were identified by cytokine EliSpots. These studies revealed that the HA-specific CD4 T cell epitopes cluster in two distinct regions of HA and that some segments of HA are completely devoid of CD4 T cell epitopes. When located on the HA structure, it appears that the regions that most poorly recruit CD4 T cells are sequestered within the interior of the HA trimer, perhaps inaccessible to the proteolytic machinery inside the endosomal compartments of antigen presenting cells.
The LED Paradox: How Light Pollution Challenges Experts to Reconsider Sustainable Lighting
Authors: Schulte-Römer Nona , Meier Josiane , Söding Max , Dannemann Etta
Published: November 2019

In the 21st century, the notion of “sustainable lighting” is closely associated with LED technology. In the past ten years, municipalities and private light users worldwide have installed light-emitting diodes in urban spaces and public streets to save energy. Yet an increasing body of interdisciplinary research suggests that supposedly sustainable LED installations are in fact unsustainable, because they increase light pollution. Paradoxically, blue-rich cool-white LED lighting, which is the most energy-efficient, also appears to be the most ecologically unfriendly. Biologists, physicians and ecologists warn that blue-rich LED light disturbs the circadian day-and-night rhythm of living organisms, including humans, with potential negative health effects on individual species and whole ecosystems. Can the paradox be solved? This paper explores this question based on our transdisciplinary research project Light Pollution—A Global Discussion. It reveals how light pollution experts and lighting professionals see the challenges and potential of LED lighting from their different viewpoints. This expert feedback shows that “sustainable LED lighting” goes far beyond energy efficiency as it raises complex design issues that imply stakeholder negotiation. It also suggests that the LED paradox may be solved in context, but hardly in principle.
The Corporate Performance Measurement and Its Importance for the Pricing in a Transport Enterprise
Authors: Ďurišová Mária , Tokarčíková Emese , Virlanuta Florina Oana , Chodasová Zuzana
Published: November 2019

Due to the specificity of transport services that are being performed with an unambiguous impact on the environment and society, all activities of transport enterprises oriented towards the achievement of the sustainability goals are more visible than in the case of other enterprises. Consequently, the growing need for sustainability increases not only the costs of individual transport services but also the total costs of a transport enterprise. Indisputably, the costs affect the pricing, which leads to the final market prices. On the one hand, they can increase the prices, but on the other hand, they decrease the enterprise’s competitiveness and its success in the market at the same time. Even though the cost-based pricing is essential, it is not sufficient under these circumstances. Based on the objectives stated above, the primary aim of this paper is to emphasize that the creation of prices in a transport enterprise must consider the global aspects of the enterprise’s performance as a prerequisite for its competitiveness. The results include proposing several variants of corporate performance measurement that are relevant and supported by a literature review of the current knowledge on the topic, an analysis of internal documents from a particular freight-transport enterprise, and structured interviews with the managers. Subsequently, the model proposed can be used by managers of transport enterprises in their decision-making process.
Post-Construction Alignment Revision in Direct-Fixation Railroad Tracks
Authors: Kim Eungcheol , Kim Myungseob (Edward) , Delos Gabrielle , Clark Tyler
Published: November 2019

In railroad construction—in particular, direct-fixation tracks—a longitudinal concrete block known as a “plinth” is used to elevate the profiles of the railroad track from the aerial guideway (e.g., bridge deck). A post-construction alignment revision is often required if the plinth elevation surpasses its maximum tolerance after the concrete pour. In such cases, the plinth surface needs to be grinded to meet the design elevation, or a shim should be inserted underneath the rail pad to raise the profile elevation. Considering both sides of the rail plinths, vertical design factors, and performance specifications, re-optimization of the vertical profile is of great interest, but the process poses challenges and represents a practical research problem. An optimization model aimed at minimizing the cost of post-construction alignment repairs is proposed and a real-case numerical example is analyzed to check the effectiveness of the model.
Ecovillagers’ Assessment of Sustainability: Differing Perceptions of Technology as a Differing Account of Modernism
Authors: Rubin Zach
Published: November 2019

There is great debate over how to measure progress towards ecological sustainability, and a number of approaches deployed by various groups to try and achieve it. One of these is the “ecovillage,” a form of communal living—the primary purpose of which is to enable a reduction in consumption through the collectivization of resources. This paper presents a case study of an ecovillage named Dancing Rabbit, which stands as an example counter to mainstream discourses on progress through the relatively successful approach to ecological sustainability. In the dwellings they have built, their resource consumption patterns, and the diverse attitudes towards technology use that they express, the ecovillagers in this study demonstrate narratives of progress which center an ecological motive over one of profitable innovation. Rather than rely on modernist assumptions of engineering our way to sustainable living through advanced technology or embrace primitivist notions of rejecting it all together, the case study of Dancing Rabbit presents an approach functioning as an alternative to that prevailing dichotomy.
Heterogeneous Winter Wheat Populations Differ in Yield Stability Depending on their Genetic Background and Management System
Authors: Weedon Odette D. , Finckh Maria R.
Published: November 2019

Twelve winter wheat composite cross populations (CCPs), based on three genetic backgrounds and maintained at the University of Kassel, Germany, under both organic and conventional management, were assessed for yield performance and stability in comparison to two commercial varieties over eight and 10 experimental years. A number of stability parameters were chosen in order to identify populations with either adaptation to specific environments or broad adaptation across environments. The genetic effects of the CCP parental varieties were clearly present when comparing CCP yield performance in both management systems. Compared to the variety ‘Capo’, CCPs yielded similarly under organic, but poorer under conventional conditions. Under both management systems, CCPs with the broadest or with a more modern (high yielding) genetic base achieved the greatest yield stability, exceeding that of ‘Capo’, and demonstrating the buffering capacity of genetic diversity. CCPs with a genetic background of high yielding parents reacted most strongly to the different environments and apparently diverged under conventional management over time. Possibilities to improve CCPs through the addition of new genetic material while maintaining the benefits of diversity to achieve higher and more stable yields, particularly in light of increasingly unpredictable climatic conditions are discussed.
The Predictability of Short-Term Urban Rail Demand: Choice of Time Resolution and Methodology
Authors: Wang Zi-jia , Liu Hai-xu , Qiu Shi , Fang Ji-ping , Wang Ting
Published: November 2019

The accuracy of short-term demand forecasting is critical for real-time operation management of urban rail transit, which largely depends on the choice of time resolution. Although there have been continuous improvements in forecasting models, the basic issue has not been well addressed. In this regard, the predictability of short-term demand in terms of time resolution setting and the corresponding model selection have been addressed in this study. Two methods have been considered: the demand forecasting with the past demand during the same time slot on the same weekday (the same period method); and that with continuous time series demand exactly before the forecasted time slot (time series method). The predictability for these two methods was respectively measured by the similarity of the same period and the stability of the time series. Consequently, the influence of time resolution on the predictability of short-term demand for urban rail transit has been evaluated. With the methods proposed, this study conducted an analysis on five-week smartcard data in the Beijing subway system. Results suggest that the predictability of short-term demand presented remarkable heterogeneity in both time and space. The predictability of demand forecasting at station level has been summarized into different levels, and the corresponding methods can be selected for each class. Generally, to ensure a desirable accuracy, forecasting can be made at a 10-min and 60-min interval on weekdays and weekends, respectively. The same period method works better for the short-term demand forecasting on weekdays. While the time series method performs better for prediction on weekends. As for short-time OD (origin-destination) demand, the time series method with a 10-min interval, which is supplemented by the same period method, can generate acceptable forecasting results. In brief, this study provides suggestions on the time resolution and method selection for short-term demand forecasting.
Возможности селекции крупного рогатого скота по локусам csn2 и csn3
Authors: KOVALYUK N.B. , SATSOUK V.F. , MACHULSKAYA E.V. , JAKUSHEVA L.I. , KASEM A.A.
Published: November 2019

С целью оценки возможности отечественных и зарубежных племенных предприятий для ведения селекции на повышение сыропригодности и безопасности молока проведено генотипирование по локусу CSN2 (бетаказеина) 308 быковпроизводителей голштинской и айрширской пород. Учтена информация о CSN2 генотипах 390 быковпроизводителей. По локусу CSN3 (каппаказеина) генотипировано 73 производителя айрширской и голштинской пород, учтена информация о CSN3 генотипах 615 быковпроизводителей. Установлено, что быкипроизводители голштинской породы не имеют существенных отличий в частоте встречаемости желательного CSN2 генотипа А2А2 (3642) быки голштинской породы отечественных племенных предприятий в 24 раза уступают по распространенности желательного CSN3 генотипа ВВ (частота встречаемости составляет 713) производителям компании World Wide Sires (28) быкипроизводители айрширской породы отечественных племенных предприятий в 23 раза уступают быкам компании VikingGenetics по распространенности желательных CSN2 и CSN3 генотипов. Считаем, что отечественным племенным предприятиям с целью повышения конкурентоспособности необходимо увеличить долю быков с генотипами А2А2 (локус CSN2), АВ и ВВ (локус CSN3).

In order to assess the possibility of domestic and foreign breeding enterprises for breeding to improve the cheese suitability and safety of milk, genotyping of 308 Holstein and Ayrshire bulls by CSN2 (betacasein) locus was carried out. Information on CSN2 genotypes of 390 bulls was taken into account. 73 producers of Ayrshire and Holstein breeds were genotyped by CSN3 locus (kappacasein), information on CSN3 genotypes of 615 bulls was taken into account. Found that bulls of Holstein breed are not significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of desirable CSN2 genotype А2А2 (3642) bulls Holstein breeding enterprises in 24 times inferior to the prevalence of desirable genotype CSN3 the BB (the frequency of occurrence is 713) manufacturers company World Wide Sires (28) bulls Ayrshire breed of domestic breeding enterprises is 23 times the yield of the company VikingGenetics bulls on the prevalence of desirable CSN2 and CSN3 genotypes. We believe that domestic breeding enterprises in order to increase competitiveness need to increase the proportion of bulls with genotypes A2A2 (locus CSN2), AB and BB (locus CSN3).
Quality improvements of safety-netting guidelines for cancer in UK primary care: insights from a qualitative interview study of GPs
Authors: Tompson Alice , Nicholson Brian D , Ziebland Sue , Evans Julie , Bankhead Clare
Published: November 2019

Background

Safety netting is a diagnostic strategy that involves monitoring patients with symptoms possibly indicative of serious illness, such as cancer, until they are resolved. Optimising safety-netting practice in primary care has been proposed to improve quality of care and clinical outcomes. Introducing guidelines is a potential means to achieve this.

Aim

To seek the insight of frontline GPs regarding proposed safety-netting guidelines for suspected cancer in UK primary care.

Design and setting

A qualitative interview study with 25 GPs practising in Oxfordshire, UK.

Method

Transcripts from semi-structured interviews were analysed thematically by a multidisciplinary research team using a mind-mapping approach.

Results

GPs were supportive of initiatives to optimise safety netting. Guidelines on establishing who has responsibility for follow-up, keeping patient details up to date, and ensuring test result review is conducted by someone with knowledge of cancer guidelines were already being followed. Sharing diagnostic uncertainty and ensuring an up-to-date understanding of guidelines were only partially implemented. Neither informing patients of all (including negative) test results nor ensuring recurrent unexplained symptoms are always flagged and referred were considered feasible. The lack of detail, for example, the expected duration of symptoms, caused some concern. Overall, doubts were expressed about the feasibility of the guidelines given the time, recruitment, and resource challenges faced in UK primary care.

Conclusion

GPs expressed general support for safety netting, yet were unconvinced that key elements of the guidelines were feasible, especially in the context of pressures on general practice staffing and time.
South Carolina's Climate Report Card: The Influence of the El Niño Southern Oscillation Cold Warm Event Cycles on South Carolina's Seasonal Precipitation
Authors: Mizzell Hope , Simmons Jennifer
Published: November 2019

This study was driven by the need to better understand variations in South Carolina’s seasonal precipitation. Numerous weather-sensitive sectors such as agriculture and water resource management are impacted by the seasonal variability and distribution of precipitation. Studies have shown that El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has varying effects on seasonal temperature and precipitation across the United States.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relative influence of ENSO cold and warm event cycles on interannual variations of South Carolina’s seasonal precipitation (1950- 2015). The relationship between seasonal precipitation departures from normal and the average Multivariate ENSO Index was analyzed. Seasonal precipitation totals for each of South Carolina’s seven climate divisions and for three key city locations (Greenville-Spartanburg Airport, Columbia Airport, and Charleston Downtown) were examined.

Results from the study indicate that the magnitude, seasonal variation, and consistency of the precipitation response to ENSO vary spatially and from episode to episode. Winter precipitation tends to be enhanced during the warm phase (El Niño) and reduced during the cold phase (La Niña). There is a less consistent signal during fall and no evident connection between ENSO and spring and summer precipitation.
Use of a Volunteer Monitoring Program to Assess Water Quality in a TMDL Watershed Utilized for Recreational Use, Pickens County, South Carolina
Authors: Nation Travis H. , Johnson Leah A.
Published: November 2019

Municipalities, regulatory agencies, and resource advocacy organizations are often tasked with the enormous responsibility of monitoring water quality and implementing management strategies for vast areas within their jurisdictions. A potential means for addressing the resulting sampling shortfall is the use of volunteer monitoring programs. The project reported herein demonstrates the use of QA/QC protocols developed by Georgia Adopt-a-Stream (AAS) to monitor water quality issues for Twelve Mile Creek located in Pickens County, SC. The Twelve Mile watershed has a storied past as a U.S. EPA Superfund site due to industrial PCB contamination. Recent mitigation efforts involving the removal of two concrete dams have resulted in the creation of a nearly two-mile section of whitewater which is used by the local paddling community and is being marketed as a recreational destination. However, the Twelve Mile watershed also has a TMDL Implementation Plan in place due to chronic impairment from fecal coliform bacteria.

Using sampling and monitoring methods developed by AAS, this project determined that E. coli levels increase significantly during high-flow discharges due to storm events and there were no significant differences in E. coli concentrations among sites located along a longitudinal gradient following the proposed Twelve Mile Creek Blueway. Ironically, the popularity of this area for paddling increases during periods of high discharge, thus recreational users are likely exposed to unhealthy levels of bacteria under these “desirable” conditions.

Volunteer monitoring programs like AAS exhibit tremendous potential for gathering water quality data that may not be possible if left solely up to other stakeholders. Appropriately managed volunteer monitoring programs have the capability to increase the resolution, reach, and efficiency of existing monitoring programs and serve to benefit a variety of stakeholders.
Watershed Plan Implementation Challenges for SMS4s in Murrells Inlet
Authors: Fuss Dave , Newquist Dan , Sledz Sue , Jones Tracy , Hitchcock Daniel R.
Published: November 2019

This case study describes the plan development process, implementation strategies and initial and future challenges to implementation for the Murrells Inlet Watershed Plan (WRCOG, 2014). The Plan was crafted by a group of key stakeholders with community support and guidance to address fecal coliform bacteria loading in shellfish harvesting waters in the Murrells Inlet Estuary along the northeastern South Carolina coast. Stakeholders debated the interpretation of the data analysis and ultimately concluded that the primary pollutant sources were non-human, namely wildlife and domestic animals. Stakeholders also concluded that the loads from these sources were being delivered to the estuary via a landscape that includes a network of surface drainage ditches and subsurface pipes so that water retention on the landscape has been largely short-circuited.

Armed with this information, plan participants devised management measures that encompass several strategies, including: (1) utilize an end-of-pipe/ditch solution that addresses pollution nearest the discharge point; (2) generally reduce volume and flow and/or increase retention/detention across the landscape to reduce the pollutant load; and (3) use education and outreach to achieve behavior change.

During both plan development and the implementation of management measures, the plan steering committee faced significant challenges. Initial challenges include: geographic and space limitations that make the use of large retention or detention devices impractical; lack of state or local requirements to use low impact development techniques to increase retention; and mounting outreach campaigns that cannot guarantee significant pollution reductions. Additional complications include mechanisms to sustain community support and involvement. As implementation progresses, the steering committee must track plan implementation and determine creative ways to evaluate the effectiveness of management measures. Local funding allocations must also be sought to leverage against potential grant funds to enable implementation.
Field Spectroscopy as a Tool for Enhancing Water Quality Monitoring in the ACE Basin, SC
Authors: Mayer Caitlyn C. , Ali Khalid A.
Published: November 2019

The Ashepoo, Combahee, Edisto (ACE) Basin in South Carolina is one of the largest undeveloped estuaries in the Southeastern United States. This system is monitored and protected by several government agencies to ensure its health and preservation. However, as populations in surrounding cities rapidly expand and land is urbanized, the surrounding water systems may decline from an influx of contaminants, leading to hypoxia, fish kills, and eutrophication. Conventional in situ water quality monitoring methods are timely and costly. Satellite remote sensing methods are used globally to monitor water systems and can produce an instantaneous synopsis of color-producing agents (CPAs), including chlorophyll-a, suspended matter (TSM), and colored-dissolved organic matter by applying bio-optical models. In this study, field, laboratory, and historical land use land cover (LULC) data were collected during the summers of 2002, 2011, 2015, and 2016. The results indicated higher levels of chlorophyll, ranging from 2.94 to 12.19 μg/L, and TSM values were from 60.4 to 155.2 mg/L between field seasons, with values increasing with time. A model was developed using multivariate, partial least squares regression (PLSR) to identify wavelengths that are more sensitive to chlorophyll-a (R2 = 0.49; RMSE = 1.8 μg/L) and TSM (R2 = 0.40; RMSE = 12.9 mg/L). The imbrication of absorption and reflectance features characterizing sediments and algal species in ACE Basin waters make it difficult for remote sensors to distinguish variations among in situ concentrations. The results from this study provide a strong foundation for the future of water quality monitoring and for the protection of biodiversity in the ACE basin.
A Nanopore Phosphorylation Sensor for Single Oligonucleotides and Peptides
Authors: Ying Yi-Lun , Yang Jie , Meng Fu-Na , Li Shuang , Li Meng-Ying , Long Yi-Tao
Published: November 2019

The phosphorylation of oligonucleotides and peptides plays a critical role in regulating virtually all cellular processes. To fully understand these complex and fundamental regulatory pathways, the cellular phosphorylate changes of both oligonucleotides and peptides should be simultaneously identified and characterized. Here, we demonstrated a single-molecule, high-throughput, label-free, general, and one-step aerolysin nanopore method to comprehensively evaluate the phosphorylation of both oligonucleotide and peptide substrates. By virtue of electrochemically confined effects in aerolysin, our results show that the phosphorylation accelerates the traversing speed of a negatively charged substrate for about hundreds of time while significantly enhances the translocation frequency of a positively charged substrate. Thereby, the kinase/phosphatase activity could be directly measured with the aerolysin nanopore from the characteristically dose-dependent event frequency of the substrates. By using this straightforward approach, a model T
4
oligonucleotide kinase (PNK) further achieved the nanopore evaluation of its phosphatase activity and real-time monitoring of its phosphatase-catalyzed dephosphorylation at a single-molecule level. Our study provides a step forward to nanopore enzymology for analyzing the phosphorylation of both oligonucleotides and peptides with significant feasibility in fundamental biochemical researches, clinical diagnosis, and kinase/phosphatase-targeted drug discovery.
Chiral Autoamplification Meets Dynamic Chirality Control to Suggest Nonautocatalytic Chemical Model of Prebiotic Chirality Amplification
Authors: Talsi Evgenii P. , Bryliakova Anna A. , Ottenbacher Roman V. , Rybalova Tatyana V. , Bryliakov Konstantin P.
Published: November 2019

Oxidative kinetic resolution of 1-phenylethanol in the presence of manganese complexes, bearing conformationally nonrigid
achiral bis
-amine
-bis
-pyridine ligands, in the absence of any exogenous chiral additives, is reported. The only driving force for the chiral discrimination is the small initial enantiomeric imbalance of the scalemic (nonracemic) substrate: the latter dynamically controls the chirality of the catalyst, serving itself as the chiral auxiliary. In effect, the
ee
of 1-phenylethanol increases monotonously over the reaction course. This dynamic control of catalyst chirality by the
substrate
has been unprecedented; a consistent kinetic model for this process is presented. The reported catalyzed substrate self-enantioenrichment mechanism is discussed in relation to the problem of prebiotic chirality amplification.
PENGGUNAAN BENIH DAN PREFERENSI PETANI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK VARIETAS UNGGUL PADI PADA TIGA SENTRA PRODUKSI PADI DI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Ishaq Iskandar , Ruswandi Agus
Published: November 2019

Dalam upaya meningkatkan adopsi benih padi varietas unggul baru padi guna menunjang peningkatan produksi padi di Jawa Barat, maka dilakukan penelitian bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik usahatani petani padi sawah, penggunaan benih dan preferensi petani terhadap karakteristik varietas padi. Lokasi penelitian di tiga kabupaten sentra produksi padi di Jawa Barat yang ditentukan secara purposive dan tiga kabupaten tersebut diasumsikan mewakili masing-masing sentra produksi padi di Jawa Barat, yaitu Kabupaten Subang (Jawa Barat bagian utara), Bandung (Jawa Barat bagian tengah), dan Kabupaten Garut (Jawa Barat bagian selatan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa usahatani padi sawah didominasi oleh petani yang berpendidikan SD, berumur 40-50 tahun (Jabar Utara), 40-60 tahun (Jabar Tengah) dan 50-60 tahun (Jabar Selatan). Petani padi pada wilayah Jabar Utara cenderung lebih efisien dalam kuantitas penggunaan benih dibandingkan wilayah Jabar Tengah dan Selatan dengan intensitas pembelian benih 2 kali per tahun (Jabar Utara dan Tengah) dan 1 kali per tahun (Jabar Selatan). Preferensi petani terhadap varietas padi cenderung menyukai dengan karakteristik bentuk gabah panjang (ramping), mutu beras baik, warna beras putih-bersih dan rasa nasi enak (untuk konsumsi) dan/atau pera (untuk industri) pada wilayah Jabar Utara, Sedangkan, pada wilayah Jabar Tengah dan Selatan petani cenderung menyukai varietas dengan karakteristik yang hampir sama, yaitu bentuk gabah agak bulat sampai ramping, mutu beras baik, rasa nasi enak dan toleran hama dan penyakit (OPT), dan harga jual tinggi.
MODEL A.I.D.A : MINAT PELAJAR KOTA BANDUNG MENGGUNAKAN BIS SEKOLAH
Authors: Solihat Ani , Fajar Catur Martian
Published: November 2019

Tujuan penelitian adalah melakukan evaluasi pada minat para pelajar menggunakan bis sekolah yang telah disediakan oleh pemerintah Kota Bandung. Dimana program ini sudah berjalan sejak 7 Oktober 2015 tetapi target pemerintah Kota Bandung terhadap pelajar yang menggunakan bis sekolah sampai saat ini belum tercapai, dimana bis sekolah hanya terisi oleh beberapa pelajar saja baik saat jam masuk sekolah atau jam pulang sekolah, padahal fasilitas bis sekolah ini sudah ditargetkan untuk kapasitas 60 orang per bis, yaitu 30 orang yang duduk dan 30 orang yang berdiri. Adapun program pemerintah Kota Bandung ini bertujuan mengurangi kemacetan dan melindungi pelajar dari kriminal saat perjalanan serta agar para pelajar tidak menggunakan kendaraan pribadi karena masih dibawah umur tetapi target dari program pemerintah ini tidak tercapai, padahal operasional bis sekolah di Kota Bandung sampai saat ini sudah hampir berjalan 10 bulan. Hal ini lah yang menjadi permasalahan, kenapa bis sekolah di Kota Bandung sedikit sekali peminatnya terutama pelajar SMP dan SMA, padahal bis sekolah ini tidak dipungut biaya atau gratis, sehingga diperlukan penelitian dengan tujuan meningkatkan minat pelajar dalam menggunakan bis sekolah di Kota Bandung melalui Model AIDA Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan minat para pelajar terhadap Bis Sekolah yang disediakan oleh Pemerintah Kota Bandung miliki peningkatan ketertarikan pada tingkat attention ke tingkat interest, sedangkan pada tingkat desire terjadi penurunan keyakinan dan bahkan pada tingkat action semakin rendah yang artinya para pelajar di Kota Bandung semakin tidak ada tindakan untuk menggunakan bis sekolah yang disediakan pemerintah Kota Bandug sebagai sarana transportasi pergi dan pulang sekolah.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN AYAM KUB PADA PROGRAM #BEKERJA DI KABUPATEN GARUT PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Prawiranegara Darojat , Liferdi  , Sunandar Bambang
Published: November 2019

Program Bedah Kemiskinan Rakyat Sejahtera (#BEKERJA) berbasis pertanian adalah upaya untuk pengentasan kemiskinan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat miskin guna meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan melalui kegiatan pertanian yang terintegrasi sesuai Permentan RI. No. 20/PERMENTAN/ RC.120/5/2018 sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas masyarakat kurang mampu (miskin). Namun demikian, tidak menutup kemungkinan muncul dan dijumpai masalah baru selama pelaksanaan program, yang akan mempengaruhi program setelah bantuan dihentikan. Maka perlu kiranya melakukan analisis strategi keberlanjutan pengembangan program #BEKERJA dimasa sekarang dan dimasa yang akan. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode SWOT. Melalui survai dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) di peroleh hasil bahwa faktor penentu keberlanjutan pengembangan ayam KUB di Kabupaten Garut dipilah menjadi faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor penentu internal secara berurutan adalah: (1) Rumah Tangga Miskin (RTM); (2) pemasok sarana produksi ternak; (3) para perantara pemasaran; (4) konsumen; dan (5) para pesaing usaha sejenis. Faktor penentu eksternal secara berurutan adalah: (1) bimbingan petugas; (2) harga jual produksi; (3) lokasi pengusahaan; (4) kualitas produk; dan (5) promosi. Hasil matrik grand strategi berada pada posisi (x,y) kuadran I yaitu strategi agresif, dimana peluang dan kekuatan berpengaruh dominan dibandingkan dengan kelemahan dan ancaman dengan faktor strategis internal (FSI) nilai kekuatan > kelemahan (2,30 > -1,00) dan faktor strategis eksternal (FSE) nilai peluang > ancaman (2,45 > -0,80).
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Membaca Novel dengan Menggunakan Model JIGSAW
Authors: Annisa Mira
Published: November 2019

Artikel ini mendiskusi efektivitas pembelajaran membaca novel dengan menggunakan model Jigsaw di kelas XI IPA 3 SMA Al-Ittihad Cianjur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Proses penelitian dimulai dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Teknik yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data yaitu dengan instrumen observasi dan instrumen tes. Hasil penelitian penunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model Jigsaw dalam pembelajaran membaca novel dapat meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran. Kemampuan siswa dalam membaca novel dan menemukan nilai religius mengalami peningkatan. Aktivitas yang dilakukan siswa lebih aktif, berani, kritis dalam berargumen, baik menyanggah maupun menyetujui argumen serta mampu kerja sama dalam pembentukan kelompok.This article discusses the effectiveness of learning to read novels by using Jigsaw model in class XI IPA 3 at Al-Ittihad Cianjur High School. The method used in this study is the Classroom Action Research (CAR). The research process starts from the planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stage. The techniques used for data collection are observation and test instruments. The results of the study indicate that the use of the Jigsaw model in learning to read novels can improve learning outcomes. The ability of students to read novels and find religious values have increased. Activities undertaken by students are more active, brave, critical in arguing, both refuting or agreeing to arguments and able to work together in forming groups.Kata kunci: Jigsaw, membaca, novel, religius
Peningkatan Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Puisi dengan Media Gambar
Authors: Nuraeni Popon
Published: November 2019

Artikel ini memaparkan peningkatan kemampuan siswa dalam menulis puisi dengan menggunakan media gambar. Penelitian dilaksanakan dua siklus setiap siklus dilaksanakan dalam empat tahapan yaitu tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan tindakan, tahap observasi dan evaluasi, tahap analisis refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi, tes, dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus pertama belum menunjukan peningkatan kemampuan. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan rata-rata nilai hanya mencapai 78.08. Pada siklus ke dua pembelajaran meningkat, dengan nilai rata-rata siswa 83,19. Siswa yang aktif pada pertemuan ke dua berjumlah 32 siswa dari 36 siswa, ( 88, 88%). Hasil penelitian terbuki berdampak positif, (1) pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan media gambar dapat berjalan dengan baik, (2) dapat meningkatkan kreativitas siswa, dan (3) meningkatkan hasil belajar. This article describes the improvement of students' abilities in writing poetry using picture media. The study was carried out in two cycles with four stages for each cycle, namely planning, implementation of the action, observation and evaluation, reflection analysis stage. Data collection techniques used documentation, tests, and observations. The results show that the first cycle did not show an improvement of students’ ability.  It was evidenced by the average value of only 78.08. In the second cycle of learning, it increased with an average value of students’ score 83.19. Students who were active at the second meeting were 32 students from total 36 students (88, 88%). The results of the research show positive impacts (1) the implementation of learning with picture media can work well, (2) it can improve students’ creativity, and (3) improve learning outcomes.Kata Kunci: media gambar, menulis, puisi
Dimensi Spritualitas dalam Kompetensi Kepribadian Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Authors: Lase Delipiter
Published: November 2019

Artikel ini membahas tentang dimensi spiritualitas dalam kepribadian guru pendidikan agama Kristen. Spiritualitas menjadi sangat penting karena pengajaran yang guru pendidikan agama Kristen lakukan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan spiritualitas peserta didiknya. Ia mesti memiliki spiritualitas yang baik sehingga ia dapat menjadi teladan dalam pengajarannya. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis berupaya memaparkan nilai-nilai esensial spiritualitas yang harus dimiliki oleh seorang guru PAK dalam rangka memenuhi tugas panggilannya sebagai seseorang yang memiliki profesi sebagai guru. Untuk boleh sampai pada tujuan tersebut, penulis mengembangkan nilai-nilai esensial spiritualitas itu, dengan melakukan kajian litaratur dan analisis isi. Berdasarkan penelusuran dari berbagai sumber, termasuk di dalamnya hakikat sipritualitas dari sudut pandang Kekristenan, penulis memaparkan nilai-nilai esensial spiritual yang harus dimiliki seorang guru PAK. Nilai-nilai esensial spiritualitas tersebut dikelompokkan ke dalam dua dimensi, yakni dimensi personal dan dimensi relasional.
Continuous Monotonic Decomposition of Some Standard Graphs by using an Algorithm
Authors:   Principal, Professor of Mathematics, MaruduPandiyar College, Vallam Post, Thanjavur (Tamil Nadu), India., Sujatha C. , Manickam A. ,   Associate Professor of Mathematics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, (Deemed to be University), Avadi-Veltech Chennai (Tamil Nadu), India.
Published: November 2019

In this paper we elaborate an algorithm to compute the necessary and sufficient conditions for the continuous monotonic star decomposition of the bipartite graph Km,r and the number of vertices and the number of disjoint sets. Also an algorithm to find the tensor product of Pn  Ps has continuous monotonic path decomposition. Finally we conclude that in this paper the results described above are complete bipartite graphs that accept Continuous monotonic star decomposition. There are many other classes of complete tripartite graphs that accept Continuous monotonic star decomposition. In this research article Extended to complete m-partite graphs for grater values of m. Also the algorithm can be developed for the tensor product of different classes such as Cn Wn K1,n , , with Pn
РОЗРОБКА УСПІШНОЇ БІЗНЕС-СТРАТЕГІЇ КОМЕРЦІЙНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ: БАЗОВІ ЕЛЕМЕНТИ, ДОРОГОВКАЗИ І ОБМЕЖЕННЯ
Authors: Кулініч Тетяна , Тимчина Юрій
Published: November 2019

Розглянуті внутрішні і зовнішні обмеження і дороговкази, які будуть характерними і доцільними для розробки і реалізації успішної бізнес-стратегії комерційного підприємства, пов’язані з наявними в нього ресурсами, з підказками і лімітами, заданими оточенням. Виділені базові елементи бізнес-стратегії для підприємств вказаної сфери діяльності. Висновки і пропозиції авторів спираються на теорію системних обмежень, метод lean-систем, основи формування конкурентної стратегії «блакитного океану».
ЕВТАНАЗІЯ: МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ДОСВІД ЛЕГАЛІЗАЦІЇ ВБИВСТВА МИЛОСЕРДЯ
Authors: Швая Софія , Рудик Аліна , Шварцева Марія
Published: November 2019

В даній статті проаналізовано сучасний стан міжнародного та внутрішньодержавного законодавства деяких країн стосовно застосування евтаназії, тобто практики припинення лікарем життя людини, що страждає на невиліковне захворювання. В статті розкрито зміст самого поняття «евтаназія», наводиться класифікація евтаназії на «активну» та «пасивну». Також, проаналізовані міжнародно-правові акти, які в тій чи іншій мірі стосуються питання застосування евтаназії. Представлені приклади національних законодавчих норм країн в яких практика застосування евтаназії легалізована.
ЄВРОРЕГІОНИ НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ УКРАЇНИ: СТАН ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Садрук Оксана , Шварцева Марія
Published: November 2019

Стаття присвячена сучасним проблемам розвитку транскордонного співробітництва на території України у формі єврорегіонів. Автор проаналізував сучасний стан міжнародного та внутрішньодержавного законодавства, що стосується питання траскордонного співробітництва. У статті запропоновано заходи, спрямовані на підвищення ефективності діяльності єврорегіонів, та напрями їх розвитку.
Pembelajaran Kepada Masyarakat Kelurahan Lamaru RT 06 Dan RT 17 Untuk Meningkatkan Daya Minat Belajar
Authors: Susilo Ganjar , Indriawati Prita , Retnowaty Retnowaty
Published: November 2019

Learning activities for the community in the villages of Lamaru RT 06 and RT 17 were Community Service activities carried out by lecturers and students at the University of Balikpapan in Lamaru Village, East Balikpapan, with the aim of realizing the Tri Dharma of Universities by using their values and forms in community and state life, increase the power of interest in learning society in order to get a better education and provide new insights and knowledge about education and can be used in community life in the area where local people live. The method of community service in RT 17 and RT 06 of Lamaru Village by conducting Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The results of the discussion were 1) the formation of cooperation between the community service team of the University of Balikpapan very well so that efforts to increase the learning interest of the community in Lamaru Sub-District can run well, 2) the students who took part in educational activities were very active in the activities given, such as tutoring, knowledge dexterity competitions, and simple experiments in setting up model patterns of objects around them using plasticine media, and 3) young people playing an active role in helping education skills in creative activities.

Keywords: community learning interest, tutoring, knowledge agility competition
Pendampingan Percepatan Pengentasan Kemiskinan Melalui Budidaya Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus Rubellus) di Kecamatan Soko Kabupaten Tuban
Authors: Oktafianto Kresna , Sukma Raka Nur , Febriyantiningrum Kuntum , Oktafitria Dwi , Murnafikhoh Henny , Mahdi Habib Al , Rahmatullah Rahmatullah
Published: November 2019

One of the efforts to alleviate poverty in Soko Sub-District, Tuban Regency is giving an assisting program in the cultivation of earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus). This program is aimed for groups of farmers in Soko Sub-District, Tuban Regency. This Community Service Activity (PKM) was carried out by using a method in the form of training activities for earthworm cultivation (Lumbricus rubbelus) starting from the provision of materials, preparation of earthworm media, seed sowing, feed making, feeding, routine maintenance, harvesting techniques and monitoring of PKM implementation team. Mentoring and monitoring activities were observed with cultivation implementation observation instruments, observation sheets on worm cultivation, and participant response questionnaires. This community service ended with the submission of earthworm seedlings (Lumbricus rubbelus) to the participants of farmer groups in Soko Sub-district, Tuban Regency as the initial capital to start earthworm cultivation (Lumbricus rubbelus). The results of Community Service showed that the average responsiveness of earthworm cultivators in Soko Subdistrict showed very good (4.1%), good (34.8%), sufficient (39.8%)and the remaining was lacking and continuous technical guidance and assistance needed to get maximum results (21.3%).Keywords: Allevation, Cultivation, Poverty, Lumbricus Rubellus