bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
cabelo e o pertencimento étnico-racial negro em O mundo no black power de Tayó, de Kiusam de Oliveira
Authors: Dos Santos Débora Lopes , De Souza Élio Ferreira
Published: May 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a construção da identidade negra a partir da análise da obra O mundo no black power de Tayó da escritora brasileira Kiusam de Oliveira. Como aporte teórico recorreu-se às discussões acerca do racismo e da identidade negra. Os autores utilizados como referência para construção deste artigo foram: Almeida (2020); Cuti (2010); Fanon (2008); Ianni (2004); Kilomba (2019); Oliveira (2013); Ribeiro (2017). O cabelo da mulher negra é um mecanismo de identidade, já que desde a infância os cabelos são uma extensão de sua condição feminina e de reconhecimento como negra. A metodologia básica aplicada para construção deste artigo é caracterizada como análise-crítica qualitativa, tendo como corpus de análise O mundo no black power de Tayó, de Kiusam de Oliveira. A obra em estudo dialoga acerca da ressignificação do valor da cultura negra no Brasil e, ao enfatizar o penteado, a escritora traz a marca da resistência negra, além de ser uma obra que permite ao leitor refletir sobre igualdade e justiça social, assim como entender os atos de racismo, preconceito e discriminação que acontecem em diferentes esferas da sociedade.
Diário de Bitita
Authors: Soares Macksa Raquel Gomes
Published: May 2024

Este artigo é uma análise crítica literária da obra autobiográfica, Diário de Bitita, de Carolina Maria de Jesus, (1986). Nele a autora remonta memórias de si para contar o social quando aciona reminiscências de infância e juventude num Brasil pós-escravatura, ao mesmo tempo que, sobrevive as agruras e interseccionaliza as relações raciais, de classe e gênero numa escrita que descoloniza os arcabouços e traz ao centro temas caros ao povo negro deste país. Nesse sentido, é importante assinalar que os estudos decoloniais e feministas propõem um novo modo de pensar as narrativas e relações de opressão, sobretudo, quando se refere ao gênero e a sexualidade, enquanto construção sociocultural. Desse modo, este artigo objetiva discutir e refletir sobre a escrita como reelaboração de memórias de si e atravessamentos ancestrais através do olhar da infância de Bitita, igualmente, coletiva-se, assim como refletir sobre o feminismo decolonial e as novas epistemologias proposta nesse sentido pela autora. Valendo-se da metodologia qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico na perspectiva da crítica literária interdisciplinar que versam sobre os temas aqui discutidos. Assim, este estudo está pautado em teorias que ajudam a pensar o texto enquanto memória coletiva e ancestral, Halbwachs (2006), Leda Martins (2003), Cristian Sales (2020) bem como sobre estudos feministas decoloniais aqui representados por María Lugones (2014), Ochy Curiel (2020), bell hooks (2019), Djamila Ribeiro (2019) e outras(os) que ajudam a refletir a narrativa caroliana.
Lesion-Induced Changes to the Network Controllability of the Right Pars Triangularis in Aphasia
Authors:   , Stoll Harrison , Medaglia John
Published: May 2024

Left hemisphere stroke causes functional changes to the language network and may shift aspects of language processing to right hemisphere homotopes of perislyvian language regions. The result of language processing shifting to the right hemisphere activity is unclear. For example, several studies suggest the right pars triangularis (rPTr) engagement in language processing corresponds to higher dysfunction. As a result, the region is often a site for inhibitory neuromodulation, with evidence that inhibiting the region improves language function in persons with aphasia (PWA). However, studies have also found no relationship between rPTr functional activity and language performance in PWA. The mixed evidence regarding the rPTr suggests additional work is needed to understand the role of the region in language recovery. To clarify the role of this region, we sought to investigate if left hemisphere stroke leads to changes in the structural topological properties of the region. We used measures from network control theory (NCT) to compare the theoretical capacity of the rPTr to integrate communication across brain modules (i.e., boundary controllability, BC) in the brain, in 60 PWA and 62 controls. We also examined if BC corresponded to different aspects of language processing (i.e., semantic and phonological) in PWA. We found that PWA had a higher BC in the rPTr relative to controls. Higher BC was also associated with fewer phonological errors in a picture naming task but not semantic errors. These findings contribute to our broader understanding of structural language network reorganization in the right hemisphere regions and establishes a link with structural changes and language deficits.
Exploring Educators' Perceptions of Professional Development Practices for Innovative Teaching and Learning
Authors:   , Thacher Jessica A , Phillips Joy C.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this narrative study was to explore professional development experiences intended to support the development and implementation of innovative teaching and learning strategies in the traditional K-12 educational setting, from the perspective and lived experience of educators. The sample of this study was four white, female educators who have experience teaching in innovative settings. Participants were selected through homogeneous purposeful sampling. This study answered the following research questions: RQ1: What stories do educators who serve in innovative K-12 settings share about their lived experiences with professional development that has been designed to support the implementation of innovative teaching strategies?; RQ2: In what ways do educators' stories about their lived experiences in innovative K-12 settings illuminate effective professional development practices and support for the ongoing development and implementation of innovative teaching strategies?; and RQ3: How do these experiences affect educators' perceptions of the transfer of professional development skills within K-12 classrooms? Data were collected through one-on-one semi-structured interviews conducted via Zoom and lasting approximately 45-60 minutes each. Interviews were transcribed and coded using two cycles of coding. The central themes that emerged were 1) support; 2) "a mindset shift;" 3) quality professional development; 4) "honoring teacher voice and choice;" and 5) intense. The findings and conclusions drawn from this study highlight the importance of teacher-led professional development coupled with strong systems of support to provide a context for supporting educators in innovative settings.
A URBANIZAÇÃO DO BAIRRO DE ITAPUÃ, SALVADOR (BA)
Authors: Rosa Aline Machado de Farias , Souza Gabriel Barros Gonçalves de , Cavalcante Marília Moreira
Published: May 2024

O crescimento desordenado das cidades acompanhado da falta de planejamento urbano têm como consequência a segregação socioespacial e as desigualdades urbanas. O presente trabalho teve como finalidade compreender as interferências causadas pela urbanização no bairro de Itapuã, Salvador – BA. Para isso foi realizada uma revisão literária e uma análise quantitativa representada através de gráficos e mapas. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a expansão urbana da cidade de Salvador e em Itapuã são caracterizadas pela distribuição espacial determinada pelo poder socioeconômico da população. No bairro de Itapuã, os habitantes de alta renda situam-se na área nordeste e na orla marítima, enquanto nas proximidades da Lagoa do Abaeté, zona carente de serviços e infraestrutura urbana, residem a população de baixa renda. A ocupação heterogênea, gerou diferentes perfis de zonas habitacionais quanto a densidade demográfica e a distribuição de renda mensal, resultando na existência de ambientes planejados com acesso a serviços urbanos e outros carentes destas comodidades, estabelecendo assim, uma dicotomia urbana no bairro.
DISPUTAS NA REVISÃO DO PLANO DIRETOR DE CAMPO GRANDE – MS
Authors: Souza Ailton
Published: May 2024

A revisão dos planos diretores é uma das medidas que visam melhorar o planejamento urbano, assegurando que toda cidade tenha garantido o que rege a Constituição, sobretudo, no âmbito do direito à cidade. Considerando esta prerrogativa, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar no âmbito da revisão do plano diretor de Campo Grande – MS, os principais atores, disputas e interesses em jogo visando apresentar um diagnóstico mais abrangente em torno das demandas e dos principais problemas urbanos que assolam o município. Para tanto, o principal método adotado consistiu do levantamento de dados e informações acerca do contexto urbano local. Os resultados mostram entre que a nova versão atual do plano é mais abrangente em comparação com as revisões anteriores e o protagonismo dos atores sociais periféricos foi um dos diferenciais na revisão do plano.
DITADURA DOS “BEM-NASCIDOS”: NECRO-POLÍTICA URBANA, EUGENIA E AUTORITARISMO NO BRASIL
Authors: Da Cruz Marcelo Karloni
Published: May 2024

O objetivo desse trabalho é demonstrar a relação entre o que será doravante denominado de necro-política urbana, pensamento eugenista e autoritarismo no Brasil. Tal relação é capaz de influenciar as ações do Estado brasileiro na resolução das questões urbanas e na produção do espaço segregado. A demonstração se justifica sobretudo: 1). Pela necessidade de formação de uma agenda urbana afinada com os pressupostos das vias democráticas de preconizadas no estatuto das cidades de 2001; 2). Pela influência dessa mesma relação na formação dos urbanistas e do pensamento urbano como um todo e 3). Pelo pagamento de uma insolvência histórica com vítimas do pensamento eugenista no Brasil, a população negra e periféricas nas cidades brasileiras. Para tanto foi realizada a reconstituição da origem do pensamento eugenista no mundo e desdobramentos do seu debate. Em seguida se desconstrói a noção de que no Brasil teria se dado uma democracia racial. Finaliza a demonstração, na relação entre a ampliação da ação policial do Estado e a noção de necropolítica. Conclui que a relação entre a necro-política, o pensamento eugenista e o autoritarismo no Brasil, é agente produtora da segregação.
Os diferentes tipos de instituições que atuam no mercado financeiro brasileiro e as variações existentes na rentabilidade das instituições do setor
Authors: Mendonça Douglas José , Souza Júlia Alves e
Published: May 2024

Este estudo investiga se os diferentes tipos de instituições financeiras (bancos comerciais, cooperativas de crédito e bancos múltiplos) podem ser considerados determinantes para a explicar as variações existentes na rentabilidade das instituições desse setor. A análise abrange 923 instituições que atuaram no mercado brasileiro em 2016. A metodologia econométrica de regressão hierárquica foi aplicada. Os resultados demonstram que as diferenças nos tipos de instituições são sim determinantes para a rentabilidade auferida. Com o modelo completo, evidencia-se que aproximadamente 7,68% da variância total na rentabilidade são devidos à alteração entre os tipos de instituição financeiras. Assim, os resultados permitem uma nova compreensão sobre os fatores determinantes para a rentabilidade dessas instituições.
MEIs de Guadalupe-PI: adaptando-se à COVID-19 com empreendedorismo digital
Authors: Santos Aurielli Moreira dos , Sousa Juliana Carvalho de , Lima Joyce Silva Soares de , Marcelino Anderson Da Trindade
Published: May 2024

O objetivo dessa pesquisa consiste em explorar a importância do empreendedorismo digital como estratégia para os Microempreendedores Digitais – MEIs de Guadalupe-PI durante a pandemia de COVID-19. O período pandêmico da COVID-19 foi declarado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) em 11 de março de 2020. Nessa data, a OMS reconheceu que o surto do novo coronavírus, que começou em dezembro de 2019 na China e se espalhou por todo o mundo. A pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa, natureza descritiva, tendo como instrumento de coleta de dados uma entrevista com um questionário semiestruturado, sendo a técnica de análise dados de núcleo de sentido, e como participantes cinco MEI´S da cidade de Guadalupe. Com os resultados, foi possível perceber que diante da pandemia, mais de 1,4 milhões de empresas fecharam em 2021 por conta das dificuldades e do isolamento social, fazendo com que os MEI´s de Guadalupe-PI aderissem estratégias dentro de suas organizações, o empreendedorismo digital, buscando estratégias e utilizando as ferramentas digitais para a manutenção dos seus negócios, tendo como principal estratégia a utilização de redes sociais, como WhatsApp, o Instagram e o Facebook para a realização das suas atividades, como divulgação e propaganda. Comentando ainda, as principais dificuldades encontradas pelas organizações após o surgimento da COVID-19, e como os clientes se comportaram durante a pandemia. Outrossim, os resultados revelaram que os clientes aprovaram o atendimento online no decorrer da COVID-19, considerando o uso dos meios digitais a forma mais acessível diante do mercado de trabalho. Dessa forma, o estudo evidenciou a importância das ferramentas digitais em relação às vendas nas empresas no período pandêmico, levando assim, todas as suas vendas para o online. Por fim, o empreendedorismo digital foi fundamental para a realização das vendas, usando os meios digitais como uma solução e como uma forma de manter a empresa em funcionamento.
Estudo de viabilidade de implantação de um serviço odontológico hospitalar multidisciplinar no norte do Tocantins para pessoas com necessidades específicas
Authors: Pereira Karina E Silva , Guerra Neto Custódio Leopoldino De Brito , Da Silva Renivânia Pereira , Hekis Hélio Roberto , Guerra Ângelo Roncalli Oliveira
Published: May 2024

Dados do Ministério da Saúde no Brasil informam que grande parte da população brasileira sofre com a presença de doenças na cavidade oral. No entanto, quando o tema acerca de pessoas com deficiência ou necessidades especiais é abordado, deparamo-nos com uma escassez de dados, embora seja sabido que esse grupo requer uma atenção especial para a saúde bucal. Esses indivíduos enfrentam desafios na higienização e na mastigação, além de enfrentarem restrições significativas no acesso aos serviços de saúde, o que resulta em necessidades odontológicas que podem desencadear complicações e distúrbios sistêmicos, muitas vezes requerendo intervenções hospitalares de alta complexidade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um estudo de viabilidade físico-financeira para criação de um serviço odontológico hospitalar multidisciplinar para pacientes com deficiências ou necessidades especiais e propor fluxo e protocolo de atendimento do novo serviço. Realizou-se um estudo da estrutura física nos anos de 2021 e 2022 a fim de conhecer o local da possível implantação do serviço odontológico no hospital universitário (HU), bem como pesquisa financeira através de sites de domínio público com o intuito de verificar os custos para implantação e o possível retorno monetário do serviço. Elaborou-se um protocolo contendo os critérios para atendimento desses pacientes e utilizando o programa Bizagi Modeler® foi possível mapear o processo e elaborar o fluxo de atendimento. Os resultados demonstram a possibilidade de aumento do número de pacientes atendidos, a viabilidade econômica e retorno financeiro do serviço. Verificou-se a existência de viabilidade na criação de um serviço odontológico no hospital universitário estudado como potencial recurso para melhorar o aproveitamento de pessoal, tempo e espaço físico e que uma futura implantação do serviço implicará em um incremento do número de pacientes com melhor atendimento à população necessitada, assim como o aumento na captação de recursos para o hospital.
Análise da estrutura organizacional de uma associação do interior do estado de São Paulo: implicações na satisfação e engajamento dos trabalhadores
Authors: Bonifácio Stefany Montagner , Junior Edward Goulart
Published: May 2024

Associações são um tipo de Organização do Terceiro Setor, sendo que este se define principalmente por duas características: sem fins lucrativos e trabalho voluntário, muito embora possa existir o trabalho remunerado em algumas organizações do setor. A presente pesquisa analisou, de acordo com revisão bibliográfica, aspectos da estrutura organizacional de uma Associação do interior do Estado de São Paulo, assim como suas possíveis implicações na satisfação e engajamento dos trabalhadores. O método constituiu-se em pesquisa de levantamento, qualitativa e quantitativa, com amostra de 10 pessoas. Analisou-se os aspectos missão, projetos de treinamento e desenvolvimento, acompanhamento de desempenho e feedback (através de análise documental e entrevistas estruturadas com a coordenação). Posteriormente, aplicou-se um instrumento on-line (questionário) com os trabalhadores, composto por perguntas fechadas da Escala de Engajamento no Trabalho (SIQUEIRA et al., 2014) e outras adaptadas da Escala de Satisfação no Trabalho (SIQUEIRA, 2008). Para interpretação, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo para entrevistas e estatística descritiva para o questionário. Os resultados indicam que: 1) níveis altos de satisfação no trabalho geralmente são acompanhados de níveis altos de engajamento; 2) trabalhadores remunerados são mais satisfeitos com a chefia do que os voluntários, e estes são mais satisfeitos com a natureza das tarefas; 3) a menor média geral de satisfação é com promoções, principalmente para os remunerados. A discussão com literatura indica que a Associação apresenta fatores preditivos de satisfação e engajamento no trabalho, sendo que alguns projetos estratégicos de Gestão de Pessoas podem potencializar ainda mais essa predição.
A Study on the Clinical Profile of Non-Organophosphorus Poisoning in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Dutta Anupam , Borboruah Luish , Bora Juhi , Dihingia Prasanta , Baruah Sreemanta Madhab
Published: May 2024

Poisoning is emerging as a very important global health issue particularly in agricultural countries like India. Although wide range of data is available on organophosphorus poisoning cases, studies and data are limited on non-organophosphorus compound poisoning like paraquat, rodenticide (zinc phosphide, yellow phosphorus, sodium monofluroacetate, fluroacetamide, arsenic, warfarins, and scilliroside etc.), pyrethroid, carbamate etc. The present study aims to study the clinical presentation and outcome of the non-organophosphorus poisoning cases. A cross sectional retrospective study was conducted at Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh. In this study the data of the patients with nonorganophosphorus poisoning admitted to Assam Medical College from July, 2022 to July, 2023 were collected and analysed. A total of 104 patients were included in the study and most patients belonged to the age group of below 30 years. Out of all the cases highest number patients presented with Paraquat poisoning (48.1%), while distribution of other cases was as follows- Phenyl (12.5%), Pyrethroid (23.1%), Rodenticide (10.6%), Carbamate (1.9%) and Organochloride (3.6%). Vomiting was the most common presenting symptom. Hepatic and renal impairment was observed only in the paraquat poisoning cases and it was also associated with high mortality rate (88%). Acute Hepatitis and Acute kidney Injury was quite common among paraquat poisoning patients and mortality was mainly observed in paraquat, rodenticide and carbamate poisoning cases. Comprehensive care and awareness among general public is necessary for prevention and better management of poisoning cases. Development of proper rational management guidelines is also pivotal for reducing mortality in these cases.
LC and LC-MS/MS Studies for Identification and Characterisation of Related Substances and Degradation Products of Abrocitinib
Authors: Bhupatiraju Rajesh Varma , Kumar B. Srinivasa , Tangeti Venkata Swamy , Rekha Kandula , Sayed Fathima
Published: May 2024

In the pharmaceutical industry, Related Substances (RCs), impurities or Degradation Products (DPs) are associated with the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) in the final drug product. These compounds must be within permissible limits for safe therapeutic use for consumers. Hence there is a need to quantify these compounds using an appropriate analytical method. No method is reported in the literature for quantification of these compounds in abrocitinib which is a medical drug prescribed to treat severe atopic dermatitis in adults. This study includes the optimisation of stability indicating the HPLC method for resolution and subsequent quantification of abrocitinib RCs and structural characterisation of stressinduced DPs of abrocitinib. The method was optimised by varying mobile phase solvents, pH, flow rate and wavelength of the detector. The finalised conditions were validated and applied for the resolution and evaluation of stress-induced DPs. The stress was induced in abrocitinib pure drug HCl (0.1M), NaOH (0.1M), hydrogen peroxide (3%), 80°C in an air oven and 254nm in a UV chamber. The generated DPs were structurally characterised with the LCMS experiment. Abrocitinib and DPs along with known RCs were resolved on ACE Ultra Core Super C18 250mm column using 0.9mL/min gradient flow of methanol (Solvent A), acetonitrile and buffer (Solvent B). The resolved compounds were detected through a UV detector at 295nm and a mass detector at NMR positive mode. The method identifies 5.85min, 3.13min, 6.60min and 4.38min respectively for abrocitinib, related compounds 1 to 3 respectively with acceptable system suitability. A very high correlate (< 0.999) linear graph was achieved within 5 to 30 μg/mL concentration level for abrocitinib and 0.05 to 0.3μg/ mL for related compounds. Three DPs with molecular mass and formula of C10H13N5 (203.2 g/mol), C11H14N4 (202.2 g/mol) and C13H19N5O2S (309.3 g/mol) in acid-induced stress study and two DPs of C12H21N5O2S (299.3 g/mol) and C11H19N5O2S (285.3 g/mol) in peroxide-induced stress study and one DP of C10H14N4 (190.2 g/mol) in base induced stress study were successfully characterised. The method proposed in this study can effectively resolve unknown degradation products, and known related compounds along with abrocitinib and is hence applicable for quality control analysis of abrocitinib.
Experiences of emergency medical services personnel about barriers and facilitators in prehospital childbirth missions in Iran: a qualitative study
Authors: Ghocham Sirvan abbasi , Rashidi Sarina , Moradi Khalil , Vatandost Salam
Published: May 2024

Objective: In Iran, the majority of emergency medical services (EMS) personnel are male; hence, one of their distinct and crucial missions is the prehospital childbirth mission, which might be significantly challenging for both personnel and patients. To obtain in-depth and authentic data, the present study was conducted to elucidate the barriers and facilitators of prehospital childbirth missions based on the experiences of EMS personnel.
 
Methods: A qualitative study employing conventional content analysis was conducted in 2023. Participants were selected through purposive sampling from EMS personnel willing to participate in the study and who have experiences with missions leading to childbirth. Data saturation was reached through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 14 participants. Data accuracy and credibility were confirmed using the Lincoln & Guba criteria.
 
Results: The results included two main themes including barriers and facilitators. Barriers were categorized into "gender-related barriers" and "personnel barriers." While "appropriate communication" and "efforts to preserve privacy" were the primary facilitator themes.
 
Conclusion: The findings revealed that EMS personnel face considerable barriers in the process of these missions. Therefore, for optimal performance quality in this prominent mission, it is recommended that clinical and educational policymakers consider actively recruiting female personnel, focusing on enhancing communication and practical skills and securing the patient's privacy. These approaches can result in childbirth missions with lower stress levels for patients, families, and personnel who provide the service.
The diagnostic value of T-wave to R–wave amplitude ratio on electrocardiogram in the diagnosis of hyperkalemia
Authors: Çinpolat Resul , Çorbacioğlu Şeref Kerem , Emektar Emine , Çevik Yunsur
Published: May 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is determining the diagnostic value of the T-wave to R–wave amplitude ratio (T/R ratio) in the electrocardiogram (ECG) at the time of admission in terms of the diagnosis of hyperkalemia in patients who are at risk for hyperkalemia who apply to the emergency department (ED).
 
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with patients over 18 years of age who presented to the ED and have an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 60ml/min/1.73m2. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the potassium value; hyperkalemia and normokalaemia groups. T/R ratios were measured on the ECG. All measurements were made in these precordial leads; V2, V3, and VT highest (is defined as precordial lead where the T wave is measured the highest).
Results: A total of 345 patients with low eGFR were included. Hyperkalemia was detected in 115 (33.3%) of these patients, while 230 patients (66.6%) were in the normokalaemia group. T wave amplitude and T/R ratio were found to be statistically significantly increased in the hyperkalemia group in all leads (V2, V3, and VT highest). Area under the curve (AUC) values are 0.778 for T/R ratio and 0.717 for T wave amplitude.
Conclusion: The presence of increased T/R ratio in the ECG of patients with known low eGFR may be more helpful for the diagnosis of hyperkalemia than the classical hyperkalemia ECG findings.
Incidental findings in brain CT scans of patients with head trauma
Authors: Alinezhad Marzieh , Alikhani Fariba , Bamarinejad Fatemeh , Bamarinejad Aatefeh , Hosseinzadeh Fatemezahra
Published: May 2024

Objective: Incidental findings (IFs) are newly discovered abnormal findings unrelated to the primary purpose of imaging. Brain computed tomography (CT) scan is one of the most essential and initial imaging evaluations for head trauma patients, which may also have nontraumatic IFs. We aim to investigate the prevalence and nature of IFs in brain CT scans of head trauma patients.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate brain CT scans of 1006 head trauma patients over one year (April 2021 to March 2022), to identify incidental findings by consensus agreement of two radiologists. We categorized the incidental findings into four categories based on appropriate follow-up recommendations.
Results: We included 1006 head trauma patients who underwent brain CT scan, of which 126 incidental findings were discovered in brain CT scan of 107 patients. The prevalence of incidental findings was 10.6% (107/1006). The most common incidental finding was brain atrophy (n=15, 11.9%). The mean age of patients with IFs was significantly higher than those without IFs, but there was no difference between the two groups regarding gender.
Conclusion: The discovery rate of incidental findings of brain CT scans in head trauma patients was considerable. Serious medical findings that need immediate evaluation were found in 5.6% of patients, mostly over the age of 40. Therefore, patients who have clinically significant incidental findings need improved documentation and follow-up to evaluate the long-term outcomes and reliability of imaging results.
The level of education of drivers is a main human factor in road traffic crashes
Authors: Salamati Payman
Published: May 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
Exploring the Determinants of Diabetes’ Self-Care Practices among the Diabetics Living in Urban Field Practice Area of Medical College in Hyderabad
Authors: Jayabalan Jayasuriya , Gorantla Misha , Kiranmai B
Published: May 2024

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease, and among the adults, type II diabetes is more common. In 2021, approximately 537 million adults between 20 to79 suffered from diabetes. Diabetics who follow self-care practices can manage their blood glucose levels better, which in turn prevents the secondary complications.
Methods: This was a community-based and cross-sectional study performed in the urban field practice (UHC) area of a tertiary care medical college conducted on 110 type II diabetics. The ‘summary of diabetes self-care activities’ questionnaire was used for data collection.
Results: Mean age was 53 +/- 7.6, 70% of whom were females and 45.4% were lower-middle Socio-Economic Status. 33% of the participants had uncontrolled diabetes. The majority of study subjects (68.2%) suffered from hypertension as a co-morbidity, followed by heart disease (10.9%), thyroid disease (10%), and hypercholestrolism (1.8%). 62.7% of the subjects showed treatment adherence for > 4 days/week. Diabetics who had the disease for more than 5 years and followed a proper diet and adhered to treatment (> 4 d/week), showed a better control of glucose levels.
Conclusion: The findings of this study can be used to strengthen NPCDCS program to bridge the knowledge gap regarding self-care among patients and caregivers.
Therapeutic problems in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia from 11-β-hydroxylase deficiency
Authors: Ptak Anita , Podyma Katarzyna , Kajdaniuk Dariusz
Published: May 2024

Wrodzony przerost nadnerczy (congenital adrenal hyperplasia – CAH) z niedoborem 11-β-hydroksylazy stanowi niewielki procent ogólnej częstości występowania CAH w populacji. Opisywany przypadek dwóch sióstr dotyka problemów terapeutycznych napotykanych w czasie leczenia tego rzadkiego schorzenia. Autorzy przedstawiają trudności związane z doborem odpowiednich dawek substytucyjnych glikokortykosteroidów, które zapewnią dobrą kontrolę ciśnienia tętniczego i zapobiegną rozwojowi powikłań narządowych wywołanych nadciśnieniem tętniczym, a także utrzymają hirsutyzm na akceptowalnym poziomie przy jak najmniejszej liczbie powikłań stosowanego leczenia. W pracy podkreślono rolę współpracy na linii pacjent–lekarz, niezbędnej do osiągnięcia założonych celów terapeutycznych.
Functional Quality Analysis of Composite Flour from Millet and Xanthan Gum for Pasta Dough
Authors: Singh Kunal , Immanuel Genitha
Published: May 2024

Background: The main aim of this study was to determine the functional and physical characteristics of composite flour prepare with flour of rice, finger millet and xanthan gum which can be with rice flour, finger millet and xanthan gum flour which can be used in the manufacture of pasta and bread in India due to its easy availability. Methods: Xanthan gum at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% level were mixed in uniform amounts of flour prepared with finger millet and rice flour. The functional and physico-chemical parameters like ash, moisture, protein, fat and other properties like swelling power, water retantion capacity, foaming capacity, bulk density and oil absorption capacity were determined. Result: Moisture, ash, fat and protein were 9.8-10.6%, 1.1-3.8%, 1.9-1.8% and 7.4-7.1%, each. The composite flour moisture content was under 12%, making safe storage for a long time. The water retention capacity, swelling power, bulk density, oil absorption capacity and foaming capacity as determined were 7.02 to 7.35 g/g, 106 to 364%, 0.869 to 0.994 gm/ml, 4.0 to 2.9% and 85 to 127%.
Türkçe Başarısının Matematik Başarısı Üzerindeki Etkisinde Cinsiyet ve Okul Türünün Düzenleyici Rolü
Authors: Sayın Ayfer , Gören Sebahat
Published: May 2024

Bu araştırmada öğrencilerin matematik başarıları üzerinde Türkçe başarılarının ne düzeyde etkili olduğu düzenleyici değişkenler bağlamında incelenmiştir. Nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama deseninde yürütülen çalışmaya LGS 2019 uygulamasına katılan 2020 öğrenci katılmıştır. Öğrencilerin Türkçe ve matematik alt testindeki doğru cevapları incelenmiştir. Analizlerde öncelikle öğrencilerin Türkçe ve matematik testlerindeki cevaplarının cinsiyet ve okul türüne göre ölçme değişmezliği incelenmiştir. Ölçme değişmezliği için Çoklu Grup Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçme değişmezliğinin sağlanmasının ardından araştırmanın hipotezleri test edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin matematik başarılarının Türkçe başarısı tarafından ne düzeyde açıklandığının belirlenmesi için de okul türü ve cinsiyet değişkenlerine göre düzenleyici regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda Türkçe başarısı ile matematik başarısı arasında pozitif yönde ve orta düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin Türkçe başarısının matematik başarısını açıklamasında cinsiyet düzenleyici bir etkiye sahip değilken okul türünün düşük de olsa bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Özel okuldaki öğrencilerin devlet okulundaki öğrencilere göre Türkçe ve matematik başarısının daha yüksek olduğu; ayrıca Türkçe başarısının matematik başarısını etkileme düzeyinin de daha fazla olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
A presença de obesidade não afeta a potência muscular de membros inferiores de idosas fisicamente ativas
Authors: Palca Jackeline Galego , Reck Higor Barbosa , Oliveira Gustavo Henrique de , Deprá Pedro Paulo , Porto Fernanda Errero , Lopes Wendell Arthur
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos: (1) comparar a potência muscular de membros inferiores (MMII) entre idosas obesas e não obesas e (2) correlacionar a massa livre de gordura (MLG) com a potência muscular de MMII de idosas fisicamente ativas. Metodologia: A amostra foi composta por 32 idosas fisicamente ativas. A estatura e a massa corporal (MC) foram obtidas por meio de balança digital com estadiômetro acoplado. A presença de obesidade foi avaliada pelo Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) ≥ 30 kg/m². Para obtenção da MLG utilizou-se o método de impedância bioelétrica. Para mensurar a potência muscular dos MMII utilizou-se a plataforma de força (EMG, System do Brasil®), na qual foi realizado o teste de salto Counter Movement Jump (CMJ). Utilizou-se o teste de Mann Whitney para a comparação entre grupos. Foram utilizadas as correlações de Pearson ou Spearman. Resultados e Discussão: Como esperado, a MC (p<0,0000), o IMC (p<0,0000) e a MLG (p<0,010) foram significativamente maiores nas idosas obesas comparadas às não obesas. Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na potência absoluta (p=0,45), potência relativa à MC (P=0,08) e potência relativa à MLG (p=0,97) entre idosas obesas e não obesas. Verificou-se correlação positiva e significante entre a potência absoluta de MMII e a MLG considerando o total da amostra (r=0,76, p<0,001), sendo que a variação da MLG explicou 58% da variação da potência absoluta de MMII observada entre as idosas. Conclusão: O presente estudo demonstrou que a presença da obesidade não afetou a potência muscular de MMII em idosas fisicamente ativas.
Distribution and Abundance of Microplastics in Underground Rivers in the South Malang Karst Area: First Evidence in Indonesia
Authors: Suprayogi Dedy , Utama Teguh Taruna , Hadi Moch Irfan , Agung Tri Sunan , Rizqiyah Ziadatur
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The presence of microplastics in the environment increases the diversity of types of pollutants in waters, including clean water sources on the surface and underground. Karst areas have unique hydrological characteristics, with cracks and fissures between the rocks that can be potential routes for the transport and accumulation of microplastics in underground river flows. In this study, we want to know the distribution and abundance of microplastics in underground rivers in the karst area of South Malang, Indonesia.
Methods: Samples were collected purposively from underground river of Lowo, Banyu and Sengik. Microplastics were prepared using a diluted solvent of 30% H2SO4 and 30% H2O2. The sediment sample was dried and then filtered twice using 300-mesh size nylon filters until microplastic particles accumulated.
Results and Discussion: Microplastics were detected in all water samples, with an average abundance ranging from 1.8 to 2.3 particles per liter. Fibers were the dominant microplastic type, followed by fragments and films, while the color distribution includes blue, white, red, yellow, black, green, pink, and brown.
Conclusion: Microplastic contamination has been found in underground river flows in the karst area of South Malang, Indonesia. Karst soil, traditionally viewed as a natural filter, is not impervious to plastic pollution. This suggests significantly higher surface contamination than previously assumed. Therefore, reducing surface pollution is essential to safeguard the precious quality of underground aquifers and protect public health above.
Eco-Friendly Alternatives to Conventional Plastics – Finger Millet Based Soluble Food Folds
Authors: Vinodhini.J  , Chinnappan Ambrose Kalpana
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Plastics are rendered as a symbol of this disengagement – a psychological and physical barrier between us and what we consume. People have been involved in preparing and consuming food folds since the 1900s. From the method of making a particular traditional sweet from Atreyapuram, Andhra Pradesh, this study attempted to create folds from ‘Ragi’. The main objective is to create soluble food folds that serve as a versatile bio-packaging unit that is 100% consumable and contributes to zero wastage, which the common womenfolk of community can prepare. Methods: Raw and germinated millets were processed to create edible folds. Subsequently, phytochemical and antioxidant analyses were conducted to evaluate the potential health benefits of the folds. Results and Discussion: Both the folds were relatively compatible to hold the dry contents inside. The highest percentage of scavenging activity is observed for aqueous extract of Germinated ragi fold (G), which scavenged 79.13 % radicals at a 100 μg/ml concentration. The low absorption percentage was expressed by an aqueous extract of Non- Germinated ragi fold (NG), which scavenged 5.22 % radicals at a concentration of 500 μg/ml. However, there is no significant difference between the phytochemical components between folds made from germinated ragi and non-germinated ragi. Conclusion: Edible food folds present a novel strategy for diminishing plastic waste and promoting eco-friendly food habits. Continued research could facilitate widespread acceptance, encouraging a greener approach to food packaging and consumption.
Boolean and Spatial Analysis Using GIS to Determine Landfill Waste on Bunaken Island with an Environmental Health Approach
Authors: Birawida Agus Bintara , Daud Anwar , Mallongi Anwar , R Silalahi Steven , Sila Nurlia , Todingan Melisa
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Bunaken Island still lacks proper waste management infrastructure, resulting in the accumulation of garbage around residences and along the coastline. This prevalent issue significantly impacts public health and the overall quality of life on the island. The research seeks to evaluate the waste management situation on Bunaken Island and identify suitable locations for waste disposal. Methods: The study employed random sampling techniques to select households within the study area for primary data collection. The research utilized Boolean and spatial analysis methods to pinpoint appropriate waste disposal zones and propose sustainable waste management strategies for Bunaken Island. Results and Discussion: Findings revealed that Bunaken Island spans a land area of 794.12 hectares and is inhabited by a population of 3,843. The analysis identified two recommended locations for final disposal zones, totaling 3.40 and 0.45 hectares, respectively. Moreover, the estimated waste generation over the next decade is approximately 4,277,893 kilograms, necessitating 0.0241 hectares of land for waste accommodation through terracing methods. Conclusion: Addressing this issue requires the identification of two viable disposal zones in distinct locations. Additionally, implementing recycling practices to utilize both organic and inorganic waste from local and marine sources and promoting reuse before landfill disposal are crucial strategies for effective waste management on Bunaken Island.
Refill Drinking Water Depot Risk Assessment for Chemical Hazard Contaminant in 25 Cities of East Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Yudied Agung Mirasa  , Siti Nurhidayati  , Wicaksono Rania , Winarko Winarko , Kholifah Firsayanti Juwono  , Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria  , Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah  , Aditya Sukma Pawitra  , Moch. Sahri
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Water was a part of the environment that was very susceptible to contamination by various hazardous substances, both physical, chemical, and microbiological. Serious health problems might occur when humans consume contaminated drinking water and can cause infectious and non-infectious diseases. This study aimed to analyze the risk quotient of chemical hazard exposure in drinking water by depot refilling drinking water from 25 cities and regencies in East Java Province. Methods: This study was analytically observational with a cross-sectional research design. The sampling method used was porposive sampling, which took 25 from 38 cities and regencies in East Java province. There were three steps to analyze drinking water health risks: dose-response analysis, exposure path, and risk characteristics analyzed. Results and Discussion: The highest concentrations of each parameter parameter F (1.4132 mg/L), NO_3 (56.2780 mg/L), NO_2 (22,225 mg/L), Fe (0.3845 mg/L), Mg (4.54 mg/L), and Zn (0.4272 mg/L). Analysis of risk quotient > 1 for parameters NO_3 (1.2265), NO_2 (7,748), and Mg (1.1308) Indicates that drinking water in the area is not safe for consumption by people weighing 55kg as much as 2L/day for 350 days. Conclusion: Based on the results of studies conducted on those substances (F, NO_3, NO_2, Fe, Mg, and Zn) there are three substances in the water that have RQ value > 1, NO_3 (1.2265), NO_2 (7,748), and Mg (1.1308) this means that those substances are risking human health and needed to be addressed controlled.
US – China Confrontation Monitor 2023
Authors: Zhuravleva V. , Breslavtseva A.
Published: May 2024

The course of the US-China competition has a decisive impact on the emerging architecture of international relations. Its key events can serve as indicators of how conflicts between major powers are likely to develop and what factors may deter or increase the potential for confrontation. The authors of the Center for North American Studies at IMEMO have developed an annual academic report format to monitor and analyze current trends in the rivalry between the United States and China. The main focus of the first issue was the coverage of US federal government policy and rhetoric in 2023 related to economy, military and regional confrontation as well as cybersecurity and regional dynamics that reflect the overall state of US-China diplomatic, trade, economic and military relations. In addition, we attempted to determine how the perception of the US-China competition has changed within American society in the narrative of the Biden administration, U.S. congressional lawmakers and think tank experts.
Forging Connections: Nonprofits, TikTok, and Authentic Engagement – A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: DeMasters Chelsea , Morgan Katherine , Schwoerer Kayla , Wiley Kimberly
Published: May 2024

TikTok, a social media platform designed for sharing short videos (“microvlogs”), provides an opportunity to learn how nonprofits adapt and implement social media strategies. Similarly, exploring nonprofits’ behavior on TikTok is useful for analyzing the impact that strategy has on the content nonprofits produce and user engagement. Using a mixed-methods design, this study analyzed data from 29 interviews and 575 microvlogs to answer three questions. First, how are nonprofits incorporating microvlogging into their social media strategy? Second, applying the hierarchy of engagement framework, do nonprofits produce social media content aligned with their expressed strategy? Finally, does alignment between strategy and output affect user engagement? The findings indicate that, unlike Facebook and Twitter/X, nonprofits on TikTok harness community-building content to facilitate information sharing and action. Strategy-output alignment significantly increases user engagement, but only for community-building content. Thus, social media strategy may be less important than authenticity on TikTok.
How Adversarial Rem-Dreams May Facilitate Creativity, and Why We Become Aware of Them
Authors: Deperrois Nicolas , Petrovici Mihai A. , Jordan Jakob , Huber Lukas S. , Senn Walter
Published: May 2024

The importance of sleep for healthy brain function is widely acknowledged. However, it remains unclear how the internal generation of dreams might facilitate cognitive processes. In this perspective we review a computational approach inspired by artificial intelligence that proposes a framework for how dreams occurring during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep can contribute to learning and creativity. In this framework, REM dreams are characterized by an adversarial process that, against the dream reality, tell a discriminator network to classify the internally created sensory activity as real. Such an adversarial dreaming process is shown to facilitate the emergence of real-world semantic representations in higher cortical areas. We further discuss the potential contributions of adversarial dreaming beyond learning, such as balancing fantastic and realistic dream elements, and facilitating the occurrence of creative insights. We characterize non-REM (NREM) dreams, where a single hippocampal memory is replayed at a time, as serving a complementary role of improving the robustness of cortical representations to environmental perturbations. We finally explain how subjects can become aware of the adversarial REM dreams, but less of the NREM dreams, and how the awareness phenomenon of wake, dream and lucid dreaming may appear.
Enhancing Understanding Through Data Visualization: What Can Available Data Reveal About Access to Energy in Displacement Contexts on the African Continent?
Authors: Britton Tim Ronan , Baslik Philipp , Schmid Lena Anna , Heinz Boris
Published: May 2024

The extent of access to energy of displaced populations in settlements and camps in Africa is largely 14 unknown. A multitude of contextual factors, such as the location and the characteristics of housing, 15 the legal status, the socio-cultural background, and the availability of humanitarian and public ser- 16 vices impact the living conditions and the needed energy services. Limitations in accessing energy 17 services have direct, multilayered, and far-reaching implications, including impacts on health, nu- 18 trition, education, protection, and livelihood. The objective of this article is to contribute to a more 19 comprehensive overview of the current state of energy access in displacement contexts on the Afri- 20 can continent by identifying and utilizing existing data. After a screening of the vast and various 21 available information, setting up of a database, consolidating the gathered data as well as assessing 22 the quality through a quality assessment method, the currently available information is visualized 23 and discussed. Considerable differences in the access to electricity for displaced persons across the 24 countries are found. For both electricity and clean cooking, the availability for displaced persons 25 ranges from nearly no access at all up to an access rate of 100%. More strikingly, the results also 26 show that besides South Africa and countries in the Maghreb region, the access to both clean cook- 27 ing and electricity for displaced persons is very low. At the same time, the fragmented data availa- 28 bility, the poor data quality, and the questionable expediency of available data allows neither solid 29 theoretical conclusions nor planning of effective practical implementation measures. Novel inter- 30 disciplinary research, conceptual frameworks and indicators are needed for the purpose of compa- 31 rability and consistency. Future research has the potential to more comprehensively capture the 32 current state of access to energy in displacements contexts and in a next step to examine how energy 33 is interwoven in the lives of displaced people to derive a set of more detailed context-sensitive en- 34 ergy indicators. It is essential that the concerned persons, the displaced persons themselves are in- 35 cluded in the research in a meaningful way.