bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring Student Satisfaction Using Decision Tree Algorithm in Private Higher Education England
Authors: Khawaja Sarwar , Zia Tayyaba , Qureshi Fayyaz
Published: March 2024

The primary purpose of this study was to assess student satisfaction variables and their association with overall satisfaction. All Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), regardless of whether public or private, have rigorous processes in place to measure student satisfaction. In addition, they focus on student satisfaction with their learning and teaching and the provision of facilities and resources. This quantitative study aimed to test a single hypothesis regarding student satisfaction variables with overall student satisfaction. The online survey was conducted using Google Forms to collect data from 2010 students studying in a large private higher education institution in England. The data were quantitatively analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. The hypothesis testing results found a significant positive association between all independent variables and overall satisfaction. This study was limited to students in the private higher education sector. However, other students in public HEIs could be included to compare their satisfaction levels. Keywords: Student Satisfaction, Decision Tree Algorithm, Private Higher Education
Challenges and Prospects of Private Higher Education in Brazil
Authors: Khawaja Sarwar , Anjos Ester
Published: March 2024

This article aims to analyse the challenges and perspectives of private higher education in Brazil, based on the historical context, in order to understand the dynamics, trends, and problems faced by this sector. Over the years, the expansion and improvement of higher education in the country have been shown to be structural conditions for long-lasting and consistent economic and social development. Given the importance of private higher education, this research focuses on the challenges, highlighting, among them: access and inclusion, quality of education, financing, competition, and regulation. On the other hand, the prospects primarily include expansion, innovation, and internationalisation. These challenges and prospects are fundamental to understanding the peculiarities involving private higher education in Brazil. This research is based on an inductive method of historical and bibliographic procedures, collecting data from books, journals, reports, and consulting sources online in order to present an overview of private higher education in Brazil, identify the main challenges faced by private educational institutions as a whole, and assess the prospects for the future. The study contributes to advancing knowledge in the field, among the movements of public and private policies that have promoted improving quality and access to higher education in Brazil throughout history. Keywords: Historical Context, Challenges, Prospects, Private Higher Education, Brazil
The Importance Of Social And Emotional Competencies For Effective Academic Leadership In Private Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Khawaja Sarwar , Sokić Katarina , Qureshi Fayyaz
Published: March 2024

This study aims to examine the role of social and emotional competencies for effective leadership in private higher education. We examined the impact of personality, self-confidence, and emotional intelligence (EI) on academic leadership in private higher education institutions. The five-factor model of normal personality as indexed by the Mini-International Personality Item Pool questionnaire, Self- confidence scale, Emotional Skills, and Ohio State teacher efficacy scale were applied to a sample of 157 academic leaders in private higher education institutions (97 men, 60 women, the mean age was 46 years). As predicted, regressions analyses showed a significant impact on academic leaders' competencies on personality, self- confidence, and EI abilities. The results demonstrated unique predictive relations for the three leaders self-efficacy scales: extraversion, conscientiousness, and intellect/imagination. Only efficacy for instructional strategies was related to low neuroticism. Self-confidence significantly affected all teacher self-efficacy components (instructional strategies, classroom management, and student engagement). Emotional intelligence showed positive effects on all three components of teacher self-efficacy. Perceiving and understanding emotion and managing and regulating emotion significantly predicted all three academic leaders' self-efficacy components, while expressing and labelling emotion was associated with efficacy for instructional strategies and student engagement. The results highlighted the importance of personality, self- confidence, and emotional intelligence in explaining academic leaders' self- efficacy. They showed that these social and emotional competencies accounted uniquely significant percentage of the total score variance in indicators of effective leadership. Keywords: Academic Leadership, Teacher Self-efficacy, Personality, Self-confidence, Emotional Intelligence, Private Higher Education
An Overview of Challenges and Prospects of Private Higher Education in Ghana
Authors: ASANTE-NNURO SAMUEL
Published: March 2024

The study's primary purpose was to explore the challenges and prospects of Private Higher Education (PrHE) in Ghana. The role of Private Higher Education Institutions (PrHEIs) in Ghana in the last couple of decades cannot be over or under-accentuated. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the role and growth of PrHEIs in Ghana and their challenges and prospects. The desk research was used to gather data and information from databases, books, journals, publications, and websites that were relevant. Easy access to a variety of data and information sources, as well as lower costs and quicker response times, are all benefits of secondary research. Desk research has certain drawbacks, too, such as the possibility of bias in the available data, the inability to elicit further information or request clarification, and the lack of control over the data quality. PrHE in Ghana is essential to African Higher Education (HE), proliferating in response to the increasing demand for HE. Therefore, PrHE in Ghana has opportunities to contribute immensely to the country's development, particularly in HE and generally in the economy. Several key issues are identified when examining the challenges of private higher education in Ghana. For example, limited access and affordability, Quality assurance, Faculty recruitment and retention, and lack of world-class infrastructure and facilities, limited financial resources and lack of governmental support are common. Despite these challenges. Despite these challenges, PrHEIs in Ghana can strive to provide quality education, expand access, and contribute to the development of a skilled workforce and the country's overall growth. Keywords: Challenges, Prospects, Growth, Private Higher Education, Ghana
Analysis of Private Higher Education in Croatia
Authors: Khawaja Sarwar , Sokić Katarina
Published: March 2024

Croatia recognises the growing importance of education, significantly higher education, and as a result, investment in these fields is a crucial element and part of the country's strategic priority. The main goal of this article is to provide an analysis of the private higher education market by taking into account the characteristics of the private higher education (PrHE) market as well as private universities, polytechnics, and colleges located within the territory of the Republic of Croatia. Thus, to analyse the market for private higher education, it is necessary to examine its organisational and structural aspects and its financial operations using fundamental sector indicators and the movement of financial indicators over the last five years. The analysis of financial indicators shows that the private higher education sector is liquidity and financial stability. Our research demonstrates the need for Croatia to re-evaluate the incentives provided by its regulatory framework for the growth of private universities. A similar legislative framework would also align with higher education reform and the needs of the Bologna process. The global partnership of national and international educational institutions and the cooperation between the private and public higher education sectors are underdeveloped. A national strategy for its support is necessary to guarantee the ongoing growth and development of the private higher education sector. Keywords: Challenges, Prospects, Growth, Private Higher Education, Croatia
Cromoendoscopia virtual utilizando BLI en el diagnóstico endoscópico de esófago de Barrett neoplásico y no neoplásico
Authors: González Juan Carlos
Published: March 2024

Introducción: Al ser el esófago de Barrett la única lesión precursora conocida para el desarrollo del Adenocarcinoma de esófago, es importante en su diagnóstico establecer si es Neoplásico o No Neoplásico. Objetivo: El objetivo fue evaluar la eficiencia de la Cromoendoscopia Virtual utilizando Blue Laser Imaging (BLI), para el diagnóstico endoscópico de Esófago de Barrett Neoplásico y no Neoplásico. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional prospectivo no probabilístico de tipo intencional, se incluyeron 91 pacientes, los hallazgos endoscópicos a buscar fueron las alteraciones morfológicas endoscópicas que muestran los descriptores predictores de la Clasificación BLINC, usando Cromoendoscopia Virtual basada en BLI, para identificar el Esófago de Barrett Neoplásico o No Neoplásico, con su confirmación histopatológica. Resultados: 91 pacientes, el promedio de edad 57 años (DE = 13.4), 55 (60,44%) mujeres y 35 (39,56%) hombres. Esófago de Barrett Neoplásico: 16 pacientes con diagnóstico endoscópico Sensibilidad: 93.75%, Especificidad: 96%, VPP: 84%, VPN: 89%. Kappa: 0.85, p<0.001. Esófago de Barrett No Neoplásico: 75 pacientes con diagnostico endoscópico Sensibilidad: 95.50%. Especificidad: 93%, VPP: 98%, VPN: 85%. Kappa: 0,86, p<0.001. Conclusión: La alta sensibilidad obtenida es un fuerte indicador del desempeño de la Cromoendoscopia Virtual utilizando BLI, para ser usada eficazmente en el diagnóstico de Esófago de Barrett Neoplásico o No Neoplásico.
Alteraciones hepatobiliares de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal en pediatría
Authors: Miquilena Milagros , Morao Cesar , Martínez Yauribel , Guerrero María , Rodríguez G Magaly
Published: March 2024

Introducción: La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal comprende, Enfermedad de Crohn, Rectocolitis ulcerosa y Colitis Indeterminada, cuya evolución es crónica y fluctuante, y presentan diversas manifestaciones extraintestinales, principalmente en el árbol hepatobiliar. Objetivo: Describir las alteraciones hepatobiliares de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, en pacientes pediátricos de la consulta de Gastroenterología del Hospital de niños JM De Los Ríos, durante el periodo 2002-2023. Pacientes y Método: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, ambispectivo, corte transversal; se incluye pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal en edades comprendidas de 2 a 18 años de edad; que cumplieron con criterios de inclusión para EII; obteniendo la información mediante historias clínicas. Los datos se analizaron por estadística descriptiva; media, mediana y porcentajes. Resultados: 33 pacientes diagnosticados con EII: RCU 22/33 (67%), EC 10/33 (30%) y CI 1/33 (3%). La edad promedio del debut fue 10 años. Encontramos manifestaciones extra intestinales en 30/33 (91%); siendo las alteraciones hepatobiliares las más frecuentes 15/33 (45%), predominando hipertransaminasemia transitoria 12/15 (80%), seguido de colangitis esclerosante primaria (CEP), 2/15 (13%) y litiasis vesicular 1/15 (7%). Los hallazgos ecográficos fueron; proceso parenquimatoso hepático difuso 9/15 (60%), hepatomegalia 3/15 (20%), ascitis 1/15 (7%), fibrosis periportal 1/15 (7%), y litiasis vesicular 1/15 (7%). El 47% de los pacientes cursaron con un índice de actividad clínico severo de la EII, al momento de las alteraciones hepatobiliares. Conclusión: Las complicaciones extraintestinales en la EII son comunes; entre ellas la afectación hepática y del árbol biliar. Es importante la evaluación clínica y paraclínica, para obtener un diagnóstico oportuno e instaurar un tratamiento temprano, que evite otras complicaciones y logre optimizar la calidad de vida de los pacientes de este grupo etario.
Qualidade de software: análise de dados e proposta de melhoria de processo
Authors: Gabriel Gonçalves Ramos Rommel , Moreira Teixeira Jhonatas , Da Silva Bonfim Netto Itamar , Ferreira de Souza Anderson , Fernando Moura Piantino Luiz
Published: March 2024

A qualidade de software requer uma análise cuidadosa para a implantação de melhorias nos processos de software, para garantir que os produtos de software atendam ou excedam as expectativas dos clientes e usuários.
Ao longo dos estudos e pesquisas realizadas em qualidade de software, o objetivo é de retratar que o desenvolvimento de software requer que a melhoria da maturidade dos processos em várias organizações seja verificada, com avaliações constantes para a evolução contínua dos produtos e serviços de TI.
As empresas de desenvolvimento de software têm percebido a importância da implementação da qualidade de software, entretanto, é notável que se torna indispensável a adequação de propostas de melhoria de processos para que possam continuar crescendo. Isso pode envolver a implementação de novas ferramentas, metodologias, práticas, procedimentos ou técnicas, que possam realizar a alteração nos processos existentes, ou a introdução de novos processos.
Fall Detection in Elderly People
Authors: Mushtaq Rashid , Rafique Shahid , Iqbal Muhammad Waseem , Ruk Sadaquat Ali
Published: March 2024

Falls in elderly people are the second leading cause of accidental or unintentional injury deaths worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Around 6 million people die as a result of fatal falls, with 80 percent of them coming from low- and middle-income countries. 37.3 million Elderly people suffer severe falls that necessitate medical attention. In rural and remote areas, the lack of multispecialty healthcare infrastructure and specialized medical experts necessitates low-cost, quick, and skilled infrastructure/expert independent solutions for early fall detection mechanisms. The essential factors which are worked and discussed in the studies on the identification of incidents & procedures or movements associated with the sudden falling activities in the ageing people or senior people are identified in this review, which may provide support to the future research on the same subject. However, other parts of this study and literature, which includes the sample size to be investigated, targeted users or specific age having users under our study, and methods for obtaining information regarding every application, have yet to reach consensus.
A New Assessment Approach for High School Students in Cameroon
Authors: FOPOUSSI TUEBUE Jean Christophe
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to provide the Cameroonian educational community with a new evaluation approach capable of including in the mentalities of students entering the first year of the second cycle in secondary education. To do this, we carried out, in turn, a bibliographic work, data collection in the field, then data processing, followed by the drafting of the final document. Evaluation approaches in the Cameroonian education system are changing. Parents, teachers, and administrators of academic institutions deplore the behavior of students entering the first year of upper secondary school; in fact, they shine with their casualness. For them, the context, due to the absence of an official exam at the end of the school year, makes the level concerned a level of resting. The project-based evaluation system appears here as a solution trial that should be responsible for creating a challenge, specific to the second cycle. Thus, facing this reality, students will have to understand that a new variety of efforts are now required of them to leave the second cycle with solid skills in the conducting projects. The project based evaluation system will count for the third quarter. His mark will represent 75% of the final mark for the subject.
Well-being of the Rohingya Children in Refugee Camps in Bangladesh: Strategies, Coping Mechanism and Challenges of the Support Systems
Authors: Shohel M. Mahruf C. , Ashrafuzzaman Md. , Chowdhury Sadia , Jaman S. M. Rasheduj , Akter Tahmina , Surav Kaysar Hasan , Tasnim Nazia , Rubayet Tasnia , Shabnam Sariya
Published: March 2024

The Rohingyas are an ethnic minority community of Myanmar. Despite their long history in Rakhine State, Myanmar, they were made stateless by the government of Myanmar in 1982 enacting the Burma Citizenship Act of 1982 . They have endured communal violence, resulting in death, forced displacement and migration, experiencing ongoing traumatic events, particularlyamong women and children. They have become victims of torture and persecution, with females enduring rape and many witnessing their loved ones brutally killed before their eyes. These life events have a profound impact on their physical and mentalwell-being, even now while they are living as refugees in camps in neighbouring Bangladesh. Due to numerous associated issues, recent history has witnessed a complex emergency involving internal and external displacements of individuals from this ethnic minority group, rendering them refugees in various countries, including Bangladesh. This study is focusing on the Rohingya children's physical and mental well-being, who are almost 52% of the total Rohingya refugee population living in the camps in Bangladesh. This study, drawing on secondary data, presents evidence of the well-being of the Rohingya children in Bangladeshi refugee camps and investigates the challenges they face and their coping mechanisms in these situations. This article sheds light on current conditions and outlines future directions for support and research.
Noble metal nanoparticles as novel antimicrobial agents: a possible solution to drug resistance
Authors: Priyadarshini Sushree S.
Published: March 2024

The sudden and rapid spread of infectious pathogens, along with the emergence of multi-drug resistance, has led to an urgent requirement for the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents. In this regard, metal nanomaterials, specifically silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles, reportedly possess significant antimicrobial activity and have the potential to be developed for in vivo and surface applications. Ag and Au nanoparticles are promising candidates for combating drug-resistant microorganisms due to their intrinsic properties. Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs), in particular, exhibit potent antimicrobial effects by disrupting cellular structures and functions, impeding microbial growth and replication. Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), although less studied, have shown potential in inhibiting bacterial growth and biofilm formation. Their versatile synthesis and surface modification methods contribute to their adaptability for different applications. This article presents a concise report on the recent progress in the synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial properties of Ag and Au nanoparticles and the challenges involved in it.
Study of Changes in Mangrove Areas Around the Barombong Maritime Polytechnic
Authors: Jaya Irwan , Saransi Faisal , Sutanto Heri , Surahman Suryansyah
Published: March 2024

Recently, coastlines in several areas of Indonesia have experienced erosion, which is quite worrying. Makassar City is one of 30 coastal cities in Indonesia that is estimated to be potentially affected by rising sea levels. As is the case in the Tanjung Bunga and Barombong Beach areas, the level of abrasion is very high. The beaches in these two areas have experienced a decline in coastline over the years, so they have moved far inland. This is caused by several factors, such as the influence of waves that occur in coastal waters, the influence of local winds, the presence of tides and the existence of coastal currents around Tanjung Bunga due to the lack of physical wave dampening structures, such as the lack of artificial structures/ buildings and mangrove forests. as physical protection of the coast.

This study was conducted to identify changes in the extent of mangrove cover around the Barombong Shipping Polytechnic campus concerning data and information processing using a geographic information system (GIS). Based on the results of the data analysis, there has been a change in the extent of the mangrove ecosystem around the study location. This change in area can be seen from the upward trend over the last ten years. In 2013-2018, there was an increase of ​​30.38% or around 8.2 ha. In 2018-2023, there was an increase in the area of ​​7.36% or around 2.6 ha; in 2013-2023, there was an increase of ​​39.97% or around 10.8 ha.
Mekanisme Kinerja dan Kualitas Perawatan Injector Mesin Induk di Kapal KMP. Merak PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry (PERSERO)
Authors: Achmat Baso , Sa’pang Ariswanto , Bungin Sarce Sampe , Sufriyadi
Published: March 2024

Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi dan tuntutan efisiensi dalam industri mesin induk kapal, pemahaman yang mendalam tentang mekanisme kinerja serta kualitas perawatan injector mesin induk menjadi semakin penting. Injector mesin induk memainkan peran sentral dalam proses pembakaran dan efisiensi bahan bakar, yang berdampak langsung pada operasional kapal dan kendaraan berbahan bakar diesel. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali lebih dalam tentang mekanisme kinerja injector mesin induk serta pentingnya menjaga kualitas perawatannya. Penelitian ini merujuk pada teori kualitas perawatan yang meliputi meaningful, responsibility, democratically, dan maintenance. Luaran dari penelitian ini adalah diperolehnya nilai persepsi dan ekspektasi crew dan operasional mesin kapal terhadap mekanisme kinerja injector mesin induk serta pentingnya menjaga kualitas perawatannya.
Analisis Tingkat Pemahaman Crew dalam Pelaksanaan Prosedur Bunkering di Kapal MT. Sambu
Authors: Saransi Faisal , Ananta Bella Badria
Published: March 2024

Prosedur Bunkering merupakan kegiatan pengisian bahan bakar kapal yang merupakan proses penting yang harus dipahami oleh seluruh crew di kapal khususnya di kapal MT. Sambu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman crew kapal dalam melakukan kegiatan Bunkering di kapal MT. Sambu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di PT. Samudera Indonesia Shipping (Crewing Management), PT. Pertamina International Shipping (Ship Owner) di kapal MT. Sambu. Metode penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif, pengumpulan data diperoleh secara langsung melalui wawancara dengan crew kapal yang mengikuti kegiatan Bunkering. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa seluruh Crew di kapal MT. Sambu telah paham dengan prosedur yang benar ketika melakukan kegiatan bunkering sehingga tidak menimbulkan kesalahan prosedur dan tidak terjadi kecelakaan kerja di kapal MT. Sambu.
KENTSEL SANAYİLEŞMENİN HAVA KALİTESİ VE TOPLUM SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: Kahyaoğlu Süt Hatice
Published: March 2024

Fabrikaların bacalarından çıkan kimyasal gazlar, tozlar, dumanlar ve taşıt egzozları önemli hava kirliliği kaynaklarını oluşturmaktadır. Fabrikaların kent içine kurulması, fabrika bacalarına filtre takılmasına rağmen hava kirliliğine yol açabilmektedir. Kent içi şehirleşmenin plansız olması ve fabrikaların konutların bulunduğu yerleşim bölgesine çok yakın kurulması, kent havasına ilave olan Partikül Madde (PM) 2.5 ve 10 gibi içerisinde civa, kurşun, kadmiyum gibi ağır metaller bulunan kanserojenik kimyasalların artmasına neden olmaktadır. Kimyasallar kanser yapıcı maddeler içerdiğinden, uzun süre solunması durumunda kansere sebep olabilmektedir. PM kaynaklı hava kirliliğine maruz kalma akut solunum yolu enfeksiyonları, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı, akciğer kanseri, iskemik kalp hastalığı ve inme için risk faktörü olup hastalıklara bağlı ölümlerden de sorumludur. Hava kirliliğinden en çok etkilenenler 5 yaş altı çocuklar, kronik hastalar ve yaşlılardır. Plansız kentleşme, fabrikaların konutların bulunduğu yerleşim bölgesine çok yakın kurulması, meteorolojik olaylarla birlikte fabrika kaynaklı partikül maddelerin kent içi havasına dağılımı, toplum sağlığı için olumsuz etkili olmaktadır.
Predicting Crime rate in Punjab: An Analysis of Artificial Intelligence based Models
Authors: Ali Bisma
Published: March 2024

This study aims at measuring and evaluating the accuracy rate or Mean Square Error (MSE) of different machine learning models to predict crime count (dependent variable) on the basis of a number of independent variables such as shift, day, month, police station, district and time of the day. It is a quantitative research study where primary data is collected from rescue 15 call record. The year 2022 has been chosen for the purpose of data under the crime head of theft across the Punjab province which is divided into three eight hourly shifts each in a day during any week of a month. The crime count indicates number of incidents of theft reported during these three shifts per day per month in a district in 2022. The data containing variables is then used for prediction through an appropriate machine learning model. The MSE value of Random Forest Regression (RFR) is greater than MSE value of Multi-Layer Perceptron Regression (MLPR). It is however lower than MSE score of Linear Regression (LR) model and greater than MSE value of Support Vector Regression (SVR). This shows that MLPR model is the most suitable one with least error as compared to other models which have higher MSE values while predicting the dependent variable (theft crime count). The study findings may assist the intelligence branches of police to efficiently utilize their material and human resources while applying the appropriate model of machine learning to predict the number of crime incidents in any geographical dispensation at sub national level.
The Influence of Motivation, Business Capital and Marketing Strategy on MSMEs Development during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Takalar Regency
Authors: Syam Agus , Nur Armika Amir  , Dewantara Hajar , Jufri Muhammad
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze how the influence of motivation, business capital and marketing strategy on the development of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Takalar Regency. This study uses quantitative methods with data collection instruments in this study, namely questionnaires, observations and documentation. Informants in this study were 71 SME in Takalar Regency. Based on the results of the study, the results of the partial test showed that the motivational variable had no and insignificant effect on the development of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Takalar Regency, while business capital and marketing strategies had a significant and significant impact on the development of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Takalar Regency. Based on the test results, motivation, business capital and marketing strategies simultaneously have a significant and significant impact on the development of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Takalar Regency.
Electronic-Based Marketing Strategies in Building Competitive Advantages in Silk Weaving Small Businesses in Wajo District
Authors: Hasdiansa Ilma Wulansari , Hasbiah Sitti
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the internal and external constraints on silk artisans. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data, this data was obtained by researchers through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the electronic-based marketing strategy in building competitive advantages in small silk artisan businesses in Wajo Regency is by conducting a product marketing mix, determining the selling price of products based on the price of Production Operating Costs, a strategic and easily accessible business place, and promotions carried out, namely offline and online promotions. While the obstacles experienced by silk entrepreneurs in carrying out marketing strategies through Facebook social media are internal and external obstacles. The solution to overcome internal obstacles is to carry out an order system, self-taught learning through youtube media. for external obstacles is to provide affordable prices by using quality materials, be more creative and provide the best service, provide rich writing bounty marks on every picture posted, provide clear information, especially the prices offered.
THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OILS ON PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN MEAT
Authors: VIDAKOVIĆ KNEŽEVIĆ Suzana , VRANEŠEVIĆ Jelena , KNEŽEVIĆ Slobodan , RUŽIĆ Zoran , MILANOV Dubravka , KOCIĆ- TANACKOV Sunčica , KARABASIL Neđeljko
Published: March 2024

Meat is a nutritionally valuable food which is susceptible to microbiological contamination and spoilage. Major foodborne pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica, are often associated with meat. These causative factors are at the top of the list of reported zoonoses in humans. In order to increase the microbiological quality of meat, alternative substances have been used in recent decades, including essential oils, compounds obtained by extraction from plants, which are a “safe” alternative to chemical and synthetic additives, in order to achieve antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. Many studies show the antibacterial effect of essential oils. The effect of essential oils on bacteria includes the inhibition of growth (bacteriostatic effect) or destruction of bacteria (bactericidal effect). This paper presents commercially available essential oils recognized as safe for use in food industry, their antibacterial effects against food-borne bacteria in vitro, the mechanisms of action of these essential oils on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as their application on a meat model.
Using deep learning-based artificial intelligence electronic images in improving middle school teachers’ literacy
Authors: Zhai Yixi , Chu Liqing , Liu Yanlan , Wang Dandan , Wu Yufei
Published: March 2024

With the rapid development of societal information, electronic educational resources have become an indispensable component of modern education. In response to the increasingly formidable challenges faced by secondary school teachers, this study endeavors to analyze and explore the application of artificial intelligence (AI) methods to enhance their cognitive literacy. Initially, this discourse delves into the application of AI-generated electronic images in the training and instruction of middle school educators, subjecting it to thorough analysis. Emphasis is placed on elucidating the pivotal role played by AI electronic images in elevating the proficiency of middle school teachers. Subsequently, an integrated intelligent device serves as the foundation for establishing a model that applies intelligent classification and algorithms based on the Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome (SOLO). This model is designed to assess the cognitive literacy and teaching efficacy of middle school educators, and its performance is juxtaposed with classification algorithms such as support vector machine (SVM) and decision trees. The findings reveal that, following 600 iterations of the model, the SVM algorithm achieves a 77% accuracy rate in recognizing teacher literacy, whereas the SOLO algorithm attains 80%. Concurrently, the spatial complexities of the SVM-based and SOLO-based intelligent literacy improvement models are determined to be 45 and 22, respectively. Notably, it is discerned that, with escalating iterations, the SOLO algorithm exhibits higher accuracy and reduced spatial complexity in evaluating teachers’ pedagogical literacy. Consequently, the utilization of AI methodologies proves highly efficacious in advancing electronic imaging technology and enhancing the efficacy of image recognition in educational instruction.
Vocal repertoire of Microhyla nilphamariensis from Delhi and comparison with closely related M. ornata populations from the western coast of India and Sri Lanka
Authors: Srigyan Megha , Samad Abdus , Singh Abhishek , Karan Jyotsna , Chandra Abhishek , Sinha Pooja Gokhale , Kumar Vineeth , Das Sandeep , Thomas Ashish , Suyesh Robin
Published: March 2024

Advertisement calls in frogs have evolved to be species-specific signals of recognition and are therefore considered an essential component of integrative taxonomic approaches to identify species and delineate their distribution range. The species rich genus Microhyla is a particularly challenging group for species identification, discovery and conservation management due to the small size, conserved morphology and wide distribution of its members, necessitating the need for a thorough description of their vocalization. In this study, we provide quantitative description of the vocal behaviour of Microhyla nilphamariensis, a widely distributed south Asian species, from Delhi, India, based on call recordings of 18 individuals and assessment of 21 call properties. Based on the properties measured acrossed 360 calls, we find that a typical advertisement call of M. nilphamariensis lasts for 393.5 ±  57.5 ms, has 17 pulses on average and produce pulses at rate of 39 pulses/s. The overall call dominant frequency was found to be 2.8 KHz and the call spectrum consisted of two dominant frequency peaks centered at 1.6 KHz and 3.6 KHz, ranging between 1.5–4.1 KHz. Apart from its typical advertisement call, our study also reveals the presence of three ‘rare’ call types, previously unreported in this species. We describe variability in call properties and discuss their relation to body size and temperature. We found that overall dominant frequency 1 (spectral property) was found to be correlated with body size, while first pulse period (temporal property) was found to be correlated with temperature. Further, we compare the vocal repertoire of M. nilphamariensis with that of the congener Microhyla ornata from the western coast of India and Sri Lanka and also compare the call properties of these two populations of M. ornata to investigate intra-specific call variation. We find statistically significant differentiation in their acoustic repertoire in both cases. Based on 18 call properties (out of 20), individuals of each locality clearly segregate on PCA factor plane forming separate groups. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) using PCA factors shows 100% classification success with individuals of each locality getting classified to a discrete group. This confirms significant acoustic differentiation between these species as well as between geographically distant conspecifics. The data generated in this study will be useful for comparative bioacoustic analysis of Microhyla species and can be utilized to monitor populations and devise conservation management plan for threatened species in this group.
Bayesian estimation of the measurement of interactions in epidemiological studies
Authors: Lin Shaowei , Hu Chanchan , Lin Zhifeng , Hu Zhijian
Published: March 2024

Background

Interaction identification is important in epidemiological studies and can be detected by including a product term in the model. However, as Rothman noted, a product term in exponential models may be regarded as multiplicative rather than additive to better reflect biological interactions. Currently, the additive interaction is largely measured by the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), and the synergy index (S), and confidence intervals are developed via frequentist approaches. However, few studies have focused on the same issue from a Bayesian perspective. The present study aims to provide a Bayesian view of the estimation and credible intervals of the additive interaction measures.

Methods

Bayesian logistic regression was employed, and estimates and credible intervals were calculated from posterior samples of the RERI, AP and S. Since Bayesian inference depends only on posterior samples, it is very easy to apply this method to preventive factors. The validity of the proposed method was verified by comparing the Bayesian method with the delta and bootstrap approaches in simulation studies with example data.

Results

In all the simulation studies, the Bayesian estimates were very close to the corresponding true values. Due to the skewness of the interaction measures, compared with the confidence intervals of the delta method, the credible intervals of the Bayesian approach were more balanced and matched the nominal 95% level. Compared with the bootstrap method, the Bayesian method appeared to be a competitive alternative and fared better when small sample sizes were used.

Conclusions

The proposed Bayesian method is a competitive alternative to other methods. This approach can assist epidemiologists in detecting additive-scale interactions.
The Impact of Predictability and Fault Tolerance on Reliability in Microelectronic Device Design and Manufacturing
Authors: Lin Yadi , Lin Wendi
Published: March 2024

This article thoroughly examines the crucial role of predictive analytics and fault tolerance mechanisms in enhancing the reliability of microelectronic devices throughout their design and manufacturing processes. Emphasizing the importance of implementing these measures across the entire lifecycle, including design, manufacturing, and application phases, the study adopts a comprehensive approach. The methodology integrates predictive analytics tools and fault tolerance mechanisms, proactively identifying and mitigating potential issues early on. Results demonstrate a significant reduction in device failures, showcasing the transformative impact of these technologies. Overall, the research advocates for the strategic integration of predictive analytics and fault tolerance mechanisms to advance the reliability of microelectronic devices across diverse applications.
Desafios da LGPD quanto à privacidade em ambientes educacionais: um mapeamento sistemático
Authors: Reis Sálvio Roberto Freitas , Reis Tatiane Santos Matos , Almeida Genisson Lima de , Farias Júnior Tácito Augusto , Farias Adenizia Serafim dos Santos , Matos Helen Carla Santos , Matos Leidiana Santos , Feitoza Marcio Lisboa , Fernandes Allysson Barbosa , Fukuoka Danilo Marcos Leme
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo investiga os desafios intrínsecos da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD) no contexto dos ambientes educacionais. A convergência entre a necessidade de salvaguardar a privacidade dos indivíduos e a dinâmica peculiar das práticas educacionais apresenta complexidades significativas. O estudo adota uma abordagem de mapeamento para identificar e analisar os pontos críticos onde a LGPD pode impactar a proteção de dados em instituições de ensino. A metodologia de mapeamento revela uma gama diversificada de desafios, desde a coleta inicial de dados até a sua utilização em sistemas educacionais. Questões específicas, como a obtenção de consentimento informado em um ambiente educacional, a gestão segura de informações sensíveis e a integração de tecnologias educacionais, são examinadas minuciosamente. Além disso, a interação entre diferentes agentes, como alunos, professores e administradores, é considerada, ampliando a análise para além das fronteiras da sala de aula. O artigo oferece uma visão estruturada e abrangente dos desafios, enfatizando não apenas os problemas identificados, mas também propondo estratégias para mitigar os impactos adversos da LGPD. Destaca-se a importância da conscientização, capacitação e implementação de práticas robustas de governança de dados para alinhar as instituições educacionais aos requisitos legais. Ao abordar esses desafios, o artigo busca contribuir para a compreensão crítica dos dilemas éticos, legais e tecnológicos associados à privacidade em ambientes educacionais na era da LGPD.
Doses de molibdênio associadas à inoculação com Bradyhizobium: impactos sobre a produtividade do feijão-caupi
Authors: Andrade Mateus Ferreira , Siqueira Tânia da Silva , Silva Monalisa Alves Diniz da , Simplício Josimar Bento , França José Geraldo Eugênio de , Tabosa José Nildo
Published: March 2024

O feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), é uma Fabaceae herbácea comestível que possui alto teor protéico, de grande importância socioeconômica, principalmente nas regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Com o intuito de aumentar a produtividade da cultura, tecnologias sustentáveis  estão cada vez mais sendo pesquisadas, destacando-se a fixação biológica de nitrogênio (FBN). Contudo, para que o processo da FBN possa ocorrer é necessário que a planta tenha disponibilidade de molibdênio, sendo este um micronutriente diretamente relacionado a assimilação do nitrogênio atmosférico. Neste contexto, este trabalho objetivou avaliar a magnitude da contribuição de diferentes dosagens de molibdênio na presença ou ausência da inoculação com Bradyrhizobium japonicum, para a produtividade do feijão-caupi, cv. IPA 207. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2×5, sendo o primeiro fator, a presença ou ausência do inoculante rizobiano, e o segundo fator as doses de molibdênio (0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 g ha-1), com quatro repetições, totalizando 40 unidades experimentais. As variáveis estudadas foram: comprimento de vagens; número de vagens por planta; peso de vagens por planta; número de grãos por vagem; peso de grãos por vagem, peso de grãos por planta e peso de 1000 grãos. As doses de molibdênio na ausência da inoculação com B. japonicum, aumentam linearmente o peso de vagens por planta e a produtividade. A dose de 200 g ha-1 de Mo proporciona os maiores ganhos de produtividade.
Clinical Care Pathways in Paediatric Nursing: A Narrative Review
Authors: (Lohave) Archana Taksande , Kurian Bibin Kurian , Meshram Khushbu Manohar
Published: March 2024

Paediatric Clinical Care Pathways (CCPs) are developed for specific health conditions or patient populations and are designed to standardise care across different healthcare settings, including hospitals, clinics, and outpatient settings. These care pathways outline the clinical guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of specific medical conditions. They provide a framework for the delivery of care based on the best available evidence and tailored to each patient's individual needs. This overview is aimed at identifying the available evidence for the effective use of CCPs in paediatric patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI). It reviews the nature of CCPs of LRTI, their benefits, strategies to implement them, steps involved in development of CCPs and the disease condition in paediatric population for whom the CCPs are used so far. The article also gives an account of limitations of using CCPs.
Comparison of Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with Early and Late-onset Colorectal Adenocarcinoma: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bose Bodhisattva , Singh Sunil Kumar , Sunil H , Gupta Amit , Sundriyal Deepak , Seenivasagam Rajkumar Kottayasamy , Patnaik Itish , Joseph Deepa
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) has been primarily considered a disease of the elderly, but recent data have shown an alarming rise among young people. It has also been suggested that young age is associated with aggressive histopathological characteristics and advanced stages of the disease at diagnosis. Aim: To assess and compare the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with rectal cancer diagnosed at ages over and below 45 years. Materials and Method: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2020 and August 2022 in the Departments of Surgical, Medical, Radiation Oncology, Surgical Gastroenterology, and General Surgery at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Rishikesh, Uttarakand, India. All patients underwent a biopsy from the representative site for histological documentation of the disease. They then underwent treatment (surgery/chemotherapy/radiotherapy) as required. All the data were categorised into two groups: an early-onset group (age <45 years) and a late-onset group (≥45 years). A comparison of the clinicopathological characteristics (age, gender, comorbidities, tumour subsite, clinical presentation, clinical stage, etc.), pathological data (grade and differentiation of tumour, as per World Health Organisation (WHO) grading system), and serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) levels between the two groups was performed. The association between categorical variables was investigated using the Chi-square test. The mean difference was assessed using an independent t-test. A p-value of 0.05 or below was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 51 patients with rectal cancer, 35 males and 16 females, were included in the study. The mean age was 44.73±16.47 years. Out of the total of 51 (100%) patients, lower rectum involvement was seen in 22 (43.1%) patients, followed by 7 (13.7%) patients each with ascending colon and sigmoid involvement resepectively. However, the Chi-square test showed no statistically significant association of location involved with age groups (χ2 =9.09; p=0.16). Out of 51 (100%) adenocarcinoma patients in total, three patients each under 45 years of age had signet cell adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma (χ2 =7.07; p=0.029). Among the total of 51 (100%) patients, moderately differentiated lesions were seen in 17 (33.3%) patients, poorly differentiated lesions were seen in 15 (29.4%) patients, and well-differentiated lesions were seen in 10 (19.6%) patients (χ2 =13.01; p=0.005). Conclusion: Younger patients tended to have larger tumours that were of a higher grade and had signet ring or mucinous histopathology. The social and clinical implications of these findings are to be explored.
Ultrasound-guided Brachial Plexus Block as a Sole Anaesthetic Technique in a Child for Fixation of Humerus Fracture: A Case Report
Authors: Parthasarathy S , Abdulla Thalangara Mukhthar
Published: March 2024

Managing supracondylar fractures provides distinct problems in the complex setting of paediatric trauma. A 36-month-old male child was admitted with accidental injury and supracondylar fracture of left humerus. There were no other injuries. The child was planned open reduction and internal fixation in the right lateral position. The plan was to administer nerve block. To satisfactorily transfer the baby, the authors administered 5 mg of oral diazepam to the mother after explanation. The patient was smoothly transferred inside with syrup promethazine 5 mL. After securing an intravenous access, and an intravenous pethidine of 10 mg, he was administered ultrasound guided brachial plexus block with a supraclavicular approach with 5 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine. The pain subsided and the patient slept well. The surgery and the postoperative period were uneventful. The authors concluded that sedating the mother prior will help in separation and nerve blocks can be administered in children in precise sites with the help of ultrasound but without supplemental general anaesthesia. This report is the first case report to do without the use of any intravenous anaesthetic drugs.