bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thiophosphate Bioisosteres of Inositol Hexakisphosphate Enhances Binding Affinity and Residence Time to Bacterial Virulence Factors.
Authors: Cummer Rebecca , Bhatt Garvit , Finn Lauren M. , Keller Bettina G. , Nagar Bhushan , Castagner Bastien
Published: September 2024

Inositol phosphates are essential for mammalian cell signalling with critical roles in cellular processes. The fully phosphorylated inositol phosphate, myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6), modulates numerous eukaryotic proteins and bacterial virulence factors. It has been suggested that the high charge density of IP6 causes restructuring of virulence factors in mammalian cells, activating their enzymatic activity. IP6 is challenging to study due to its phytase instability, hydrophilicity, and propensity to precipitate. Here we suggest that the thiophosphate bioisostere, myo-inositol hexakisthiophosphate (IT6) will mitigate these issues, as thiophosphate substitution has been found to be phytase resistant and improve solubility. Assessment of the chemical properties of IT6 has indeed validated these characteristics. In addition, we performed biophysical characterization of IT6 binding to the virulence factors Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium AvrA, Vibrio parahaemolyticus VopA, and Clostridioides difficile TcdB. Our data show that the higher charge density of IT6 increased its binding affinity and residence time to the proteins, which improved stabilization of the bound-state. IT6 is a valuable tool for structural biology research and the described biophysical characteristics of thiophosphate substitution is of value in medicinal chemistry.
The Synthesis of Sulfonyl Fluoride Functionalized 2-Aminothiazoles using a Diversity Oriented Clicking Strategy
Authors: Kop Joshua , Hua Carol , Smedley Christopher J.
Published: September 2024

We present the synthesis of 16 unprecedented sulfonyl fluoride functionalized 2-aminothiazoles in good to excellent yields. The transformation is simple to perform, tolerant of a wide range of functionality and regioselective for a single product. Additionally, we showcase the diversification of the novel 2-aminothiazoles through SuFEx click chemistry. Finally, we propose a plausible stepwise reaction mechanism.
Simultaneous observation of the anomerization and reaction rates of enzymatic dehydrogenation of Glucose-6-Phosphate
Authors: Soussi-Thérond Mehdi , Guarin David , Razanahoera Aiky , Zhang Yongmin , Baudin Mathieu , Miclet Emeric , Giraud Nicolas , Abergel Daniel
Published: September 2024

The hyperpolarization of biological samples using dissolution-DNP has become an attractive method for the monitoring of fast chemical and enzymatic reactions using NMR by taking advantage of large signal increase. This approach is actively developing, but still needs key methodological breakthroughs to be used as an analytical method for the monitoring of complex networks of simultaneous metabolic pathways. In this article, we use the deceptively simple example of G6P oxidation reaction by the enzyme G6P dehydrogenase (G6PDH) to discuss some important methodological aspects of dDNP kinetic experiments, such as its robustness and its ability to provide reproducible results, as well as the capacity of this time resolved methodology to test kinetic models and hypotheses, and to provide reliable parameter estimates. To illustrate the potential of our approach, we report the first direct and quantitative evidence of selectivity of G6PDH towards the β anomer of G6P.
Enhanced mineral carbonation on surface functionalized MgO derived from mine tailings
Authors: Rai Rajeev Kumar , Serra-Maia Rui , Shi Yingjie , Psarras Peter , Vojvodic Aleksandra , Stach Eric A.
Published: September 2024

The escalating demands of industrialization and development underscore the necessity for an efficient and scalable Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) methodology. Mineral carbonation of MgO presents itself as a promising solution due to its considerable theoretical capacity for CO2 adsorption. However, the sluggish kinetics of the carbonation process pose a significant challenge. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the structural and chemical alterations occurring during carbonation is imperative for material design. In this study, we conduct a thorough structural and chemical investigation of the MgO (sourced from different mine tailings) carbonation process using electron microscopic techniques. Our findings demonstrate that treating MgO with polar solvents enhances its degree of carbonation significantly, offering a promising avenue for improvement. Moreover, we observe aparticle size dependency in MgO carbonation and note that the inclusion of additional ma terials, such as Si-based compounds, further accelerates the carbonation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations provide insight into surface functionalization as a result of solvent treatment and its mechanistic effect on the origin of the enhanced carbonation of polar solvent-treated MgO, revealing a stronger interaction between CO2 and the treated MgO (100) surface as compared to the non-polar solvent treated surfaces. These discoveries showcase an alternative approach for enhancing MgO carbonation, thereby offering a potential method for sequestering atmospheric CO2 more effectively using mine waste rich in MgO.
Examining Generalizability of AI Models for Catalysis
Authors: Wang Shih-Han , Xin Hongliang , Achenie Luke , Choudhary Kamal
Published: September 2024

In this work, we investigate the generalizability of problem-specific machine-learning models for catalysis across different datasets and adsorbates, and examine the potential of unified models as pre-screening tools for density functional theory calculations. We develop graph neural network models for 12 different datasets for catalysis and then cross-evaluate their performance. Unified models include ALIGNN-FF, MATGL, CHGNet, and MACE. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis indicates that generalizability improves when similar adsorbates are used for training and testing or when a larger database is employed for training. Results demonstrate that while the accuracy of the unified models has room for improvement, their excellent performance in predicting the trend of adsorption energies can be a valuable pre-screening tool for selecting potential candidates prior to resource-intensive DFT calculations in catalyst design, thereby reducing computational expenses. The tools used in this work will be made available at: \url{https://github.com/usnistgov/catalysismat}.
Imidazolium-based ionic liquid electrolytes for fluoride ion batteries
Authors: Alshangiti Omar , Galatolo Giulia , Di Mino Camilla , Headen Thomas , Christianson Jacob , Merotto Simone , Rees Gregory , Delavoux Yoan , Swadźba-Kwaśny Małgorzata , Pasta Mauro
Published: September 2024

The fluoride ion battery (FIB) is a post-lithium anionic battery that utilizes the fluoride-ion shuttle, achieving high theoretical energy densities of up to 1393 Wh/L while eliminating the reliance on critical minerals. However, developing liquid elec- trolytes for FIBs has proven arduous due to a combination of low solubility of flu- oride salts and the chemical reactivity of the fluoride ion. By introducing a novel and chemically stable fluoride electrolyte based on 1,3-dimethylimidazolium [MMIm] bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide[TFSI]andtetramethylammoniumfluoride(TMAF), we achieve electrochemical stability window (ESW) of 4.65 V, ionic conductivity of 9.53 1 mS cm−1, and a TMAF solubility of 0.67 m. The origin of this high salt solubility and the solvation structure were investigated using both NMR spectroscopy and neutron total scattering, showing a fluoride solvation driven by strong electrostatic interactions and weak hydrogen bonding with no covalent H—F character. This indicates the chemical stability of 1,3-dimethylimidazolium towards the fluoride ion and its potential as an electrolyte for high-voltage FIBs.
Chlorination and Oxygenation of Carbon Electrodes for Covalent Attachment of Thiol-Terminated Molecules
Authors: Zheng Xin , Bolotin Igor L. , Tanriover Beria , Rathnayake Kumuditha , Askins Erik J. , Cabana Jordi , Mankad Neal P. , Glusac Ksenija D.
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the reactivity of two carbon electrodes (glassy carbon - GC and carbon powder - CP), with iodine monochloride for surface chlorination and subsequent covalent attachment of thiol-terminated molecules, (6-mercaptohexyl)ferrocene and benzene-1,2,4,5-tetrathiol. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that the iodine monochloride treatment resulted in chlorination and iodination of both carbon electrodes, with post-reaction GC exhibiting significant Cl:C ratios. However, chlorination of either carbon electrode did not enhance reactivity with thiol-terminated molecules. For GC, inherent or anodized surface oxide groups were found to be equally effective for covalent attachment of thiol-terminated molecules through Michael addition as chlorine-termination through nucleophilic aromatic substitution. In contrast, CP, despite its lower surface reactivity, could directly tether (6-mercaptohexyl)ferrocene without pretreatment or chlorination. Furthermore, a tetrathiolate bridge was successfully employed to covalently attach a molybdenum complex to anodized GC.
Optical Behaviour and Defect-dependent Spectral Design of Cerium-based Nanoceramics for Emerging Passive Radiative Cooling Technologies
Authors: Borghesi Costanza , Bondi Roberto , Marchini Francesco , Fabiani Claudia , Latterini Loredana , Pisello Anna Laura , Castelli Ivano Eligio , GIORGI Giacomo
Published: September 2024

Cerate nanoceramics have been recently considered key materials for radiative thermal management and enhanced solar reflectance. Herein, we demonstrate by means of first-principles Density Functional Theory calculations how experimentally prepared La2Ce2O7 and Al2Ce2O7 materials with defective fluorite structure exhibit superior temperature stability, strong UV-vis/Near-infrared reflectance along with tunable midinfrared emissivity, thus representing excellent host matrices for doping-controlled chromatic and thermal properties. By means of phonon dispersion analysis, we demonstrate how disorder and Al+3 impurity introduction induce locally distorted chemical environments that can be exploited for achieving selective infrared emittance for passive radiative cooling devices.
LITURGY OF THE NAME AND LITURGY OF THE BODY. NOMINALIST AND CORPORATIST DIMENSIONS OF ORTHODOX LITURGY AS THEY STAND IN RELATION TO REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY
Authors: Bakirov Denys
Published: September 2024

This study aims to situate the concept of political representation within the context of liturgical theology. Representation is the act of making another present. “Faithful” representation requires being touched and changed by the intelligent activity of the represented. This is afforded by the communication. The “name” is the word which draws persons into the further exchange of words. It is the lasting presence of another’s communicative action in my life. The sustenance of communication is underwritten by calling upon each other’s “name” and thereby inviting each other into further conversation. By “hallowing” the name, I let another person stay with me not just as a nominal presence of the “name” but as an impact upon me of everything that “comes with the name” – burdens and debts, glory and infamy, sin and punishment. To “hallow the name” is to proceed to the corporal sharing in that which the name refers to. In this case, it leads to “mutual indwelling” and “mutual witness” – the relationship whose parties can say to one another things like, “I am you and you are me”, “You are my code of conduct”. In this article, I hypothesize that “hallowing the name” and “breaking of bread” comprise the dialectic of the communion, comprised of the nominalist liturgy of the “word” and the corporatist liturgy of the “bread”. The “liturgy of the word” is the exchange of names – the faithful receive the teaching, the word of God, and hallow the Name of God, the exchange that ends in the baptism in the Name of God (receiving of the true new name of the faithful) and the “liturgy of the bread” is the exchange of “what goes with the name” – the faithful give up the sin which goes with the name of Adam, and receive immortality which is associated with the Name of Jehovah, the exchange whose acme is the Eucharist, our intake of the Body of God and God’s intake of us into God’s Body. I contend that this tension between the liturgy of the name and of the body can illuminate the tension between the nominalist and corporatist dimensions of representation in contemporary representative democracies.
Autonomous robots for hospital logistics and patient care: An effective way for elderly care and monitoring
Authors: Dasari Vishnu Yadav , Dinesh P. V. , Krian M. L.
Published: September 2024

Integrating robotics can revolutionize patient care, hospital logistics, and clinical diagnostics in the evolving healthcare landscape. This paper explores the development and deployment of a comprehensive robotic system capable of performing multiple critical tasks within a healthcare setting. The proposed system integrates autonomous robots for logistics, patient care, and elderly monitoring, along with AI-driven capabilities for automated diagnostic tasks. The objective is to enhance operational efficiency, improve patient outcomes, and alleviate the burden on healthcare professionals. By leveraging advanced robotics and artificial intelligence, this paper aims to create a seamless, adaptable system that can operate in various hospital environments. The study will evaluate the system's performance, safety, and impact on healthcare delivery. Through this integration, the paper envisions a future where healthcare systems are more responsive, efficient, and capable of meeting the demands of modern medical care.
A Nature-Positive Transect Line
Authors:   , Lucas Mackenzie
Published: September 2024

Over time, urban green spaces have reduced in area due to the increasing housing density and commercial expansion in our cities. This reduction in urban green spaces has brought new problems into our cities, such as stormwater management. The discussion of how cities should best combat these problems is now a prominent topic. In New Zealand concerns raised are reflected in the recent release of the government report: Are we building harder, hotter cities? The vital importance of urban green spaces. In response to these issues, this thesis takes the Wellington City Council Green Network Plan as the impetus to investigate how these ideas can be expanded across the city. The design research has been undertaken by reference to a design rubric that looks at five design criteria. These criteria were tested along a significant transect line to explore how the associated ideas could be applied in Wellington. These explorations provide an example of how the ideas can be incorporated via strategic green initiatives. This thesis aims to illustrate how such ideas can be taken and applied across the city.
Cognition or Emotion: Psychopathic Traits and Attentional Disengagement from Threat and Reward.
Authors:   , Cleland Evangeline
Published: September 2024

To protect your physical and social wellbeing, it is important that you engage appropriately with emotional information in your environment. People higher in psychopathic traits often show deficits in engaging with emotional information irrelevant to their goals; but whether this is actually because they do not process emotional content the same way as others, or if they just cannot divide their attention, remains unclear. We explored this phenomenon by presenting participants with a letter identification task accompanied by a central distractor image, either of positive or negative emotional valence, or neutral, or a scrambled version of these. Task performance was compared between scrambled and intact distractor images in each valence, to calculate a distraction index. The Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI-R; Fearless Dominance, FD; Self-centred Impulsivity, SCI; and Cold-heartedness, COH) was administered to measure psychopathic personality traits. Our primary hypothesis was that people scoring higher in Fearless Dominance would disengage their attention from central distractors faster than those lower in Fearless Dominance. According to attention-deficit accounts of psychopathy, we would expect those higher in FD to be less distracted by task-irrelevant images of any valence, while emotion-processing accounts of psychopathy would predict those higher in FD to be less distracted by only emotionally valenced images (positive or negative). According to fear-processing accounts of psychopathy, however, those higher in FD would be expected to perform better only on trials that include negatively valenced distractors. Our secondary prediction was that Self-centred Impulsivity would moderate the relationship between Fearless Dominance and reduced distraction. Using a series of linear mixed-effects models to assess how these psychopathic traits interact with distractor valence to predict the distraction index, we found that those scoring higher in Fearless Dominance were able to disengage their attention from fearful images significantly faster than those lower in FD. This supports the fear-processing accounts of psychopathy, such as Lykkens’ low-fear hypothesis, suggesting that the psychopathic trait of Fearless Dominance may indeed be associated with aberrant fear-relevant cue processing. Self-centred Impulsivity had no moderating effect on this relationship, but those scoring higher in SCI were able to disengage their attention from the positively valenced distractor images faster.
Discussion on the Integration of “Post, Course, Competition, Certificate”: Taking the Internet of Things Application Technology Courses in Higher Vocational Colleges as an Example
Authors: He Dongmei
Published: September 2024

This article explores the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) application technology course in higher vocational colleges under the background of “post, course, competition, certificate.” It first emphasizes the importance of IoT talent training and course construction in higher vocational colleges and deeply analyzes the core concept of “post, course, competition, certificate” integration. In view of the problems faced in the course construction of IoT application technology in higher vocational colleges and the practical experience of Tianjin Vocational College of Mechanics and Electricity, the implementation strategy of the course construction of IoT application technology in higher vocational colleges is elaborated in detail based on the integrated concept of “post, course, competition, certificate.”
Intra- and inter-session reliability of countermovement jump and gait analysis in collegiate athletes measured using an inertial measurement unit (BTS G-Walk)
Authors:   Symbiosis School of Sports Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India, Thapa Rohit K. ,   School of Physical Education and Sports, Rashtriya Raksha University, Gandhinagar, India, Kumar Gopal ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education, Gwalior, India, Yadav Preeti ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education, Gwalior, India, Sortwell Andrew ,   School of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, Australia,   Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, Covilhã, Portugal, Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo ,   Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
Published: September 2024

This study assessed the intra- and inter-session reliability of the inertial measurement unit (IMU) in measuring countermovement jump (CMJ) and 10m-walking gait-related outcomes. Thirty collegiate-level athletes (15 males [age: 21.0 ± 2.5 years] and 15 females [age: 21.5 ± 2.1 years]) were recruited to perform CMJs and 10m-walking test that were simultaneously recorded using the commercially available body-worn IMU – BTS G-walk. The coefficient of variation (CV), the analysis of variance with repeated measures (ANOVA), and the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used for intra-session reliability. While the Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) and the ICC were used to analyze inter-session reliability. Measurement of CMJ and 10m-walking test gait variables using the IMU resulted in moderate to excellent intra-session reliability for CMJ (ICC = 0.881 to 0.988) and gait analysis (ICC = 0.807 to 0.978) with acceptable CV (≤10%). Inter-session reliability for CMJ variables ranged from poor to excellent (ICC = 0.134 to 0.963), and 10-m walking test gait analysis variables were moderate to excellent (ICC = 0.683 to 0.931). The IMU (BTS G-walk) provides reliable data for most CMJ and gait variables. Future studies may determine the accuracy of the equipment to monitor changes over time (e.g., after a training intervention).
Actualización en el manejo de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) en pacientes hospitalizados
Authors: Guerrero Ruiz Keyla Stefanía , Vintimilla Martínez José David , Vera Jara Carlos Alejandro , Morillo Revelo Wilmer Patricio
Published: September 2024

La EPOC, o Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica, es una enfermedad pulmonar progresiva que dificulta la respiración. Se caracteriza por una obstrucción del flujo de aire que empeora con el tiempo y no es completamente reversible. Para llevar a cabo esta revisión, se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en las bases de datos científicas PubMed, Scopus y Cochrane Library, utilizando los términos "enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica", "EPOC", "hospitalización", "manejo", "tratamiento", "actualizaciones" y sus sinónimos en español e inglés. Se incluyeron estudios originales, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis publicados en revistas indexadas desde el año 2015 hasta la fecha de la búsqueda. La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) continúa siendo un desafío clínico significativo, a pesar de los avances en el conocimiento de su fisiopatología y el desarrollo de nuevas terapias. Los últimos años han traído consigo mejoras en el manejo farmacológico, con la introducción de nuevas moléculas y combinaciones terapéuticas que han optimizado el control de los síntomas y mejorado la calidad de vida de los pacientes.
Seed germination and seedling development of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces under elevated salinity conditions
Authors: Chapagaee Pawan , Kunwar Adhiraj , Khatri Lokendra , Bist Dipak Raj
Published: September 2024

Due to osmotic stress, ion toxicity, and nutrient imbalances, salinity is a common environmental problem that affects about 20.87% of agricultural land. It severely limits crop production, including wheat, by making it harder for seeds to germinate and for seedlings to grow. To study the effect of salinity stress on wheat landraces, we aimed to examine the seedling characteristics of wheat landraces under salinity stress. The study followed a two-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Four different concentrations of NaCl (0 mM, 25 mM, 50 mM, 75 mM) and five landraces (Bhartale, Jhuse, Rato Gahun, Mudule, and Aadhikhole) were used for investigation during the germination and early seedling stages of wheat landraces. The highest germination percentage (GP) (97.25%) and seed vigour index (SVI) (92886) were observed in Jhuse, whereas the lowest GP (60.50%) and SVI (11494) were observed in Rato Gahun. Rato gahun had the highest mean germination time (5.99 days), and Mudule had the lowest mean germination time (4.82 days). The maximum fresh weight (0.12 g) and dry weight (DW) (0.042 g) were recorded by Aadhikhole and Jhuse, and the minimum fresh weight (DW) (0.10 g) and DW (0.032 g) were observed in Mudule. The maximum shoot and root lengths were observed in Bhartale (3.05 cm) and Jhuse (3.54 cm), whereas the minimum shoot length (SL) (2.07 cm) and root length (RL) (2.41 cm) were observed in Rato Gahun. Above all, salinity stress negatively impacts wheat seedling characteristics, and Mudule shows some promising stress tolerance compared to others.
Effect of stocking density on growth performance, survival and production of Monosex Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under nursery ponds in northern regions of Bangladesh
Authors: Mou Maliha Hossain , Ahamed Saokat , Hasan Khondakar Rashidul , Akter Habiba , Sumi Fatema Akter
Published: September 2024

The present study was to assess and evaluate the culture potential of Tengra with short-cycle species in the seasonal water bodies of farmers’ fields and disseminate the cultural technologies in a different part of the country. The research study was evaluating the improvement of nursery management technique in drought prone area of Northern region in farmer field level. Before conducting research fish farmers of Different upazila were selected by departmental authority and pre training management. Growth, survival and production performances of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings were evaluated for 40 days in nine nursery ponds having an area of 20 decimal each with an average depth of 1.0 m. Three stocking densities such as 1000 dec-1 (T1=Treatment-1), 1200 dec-1 (T2= Treatment-2) and 1400 dec-1 (T3=Treatment-3) were tested with three replications. Fry were fed with commercial nursery feed (30% crude protein). The rate of feeding was 25% to 8% of the estimated body weight of fry. The physico-chemical and biological parameters of pond water were within the suitable range for fish culture. Growth in terms of final weight, final length, weight gain, length gain and specific growth rate was significantly higher in T1 than those obtained from T2 and T3. The survival of fish fingerlings was higher in T1(85.67%) than T3 (76%) and T2 (83%) respectively. Maximum of fingerlings was produced in T2 than those in T1 and T3. Among the treatments evaluated, 1000 dec-1 was the best stocking density considering the growth performance of the fingerlings of monosex Tilapia, O. niloticus in nursery ponds.
Live weight peculiarities of the Tsigai breed young sheep during the suckling period in connection with the terms of sheep ewes’ gestation
Authors: Ostapchuk P. S.
Published: September 2024

The correlation of the Tsigai breed ewes’ gestation period with the patterns of growth and development of the sheep growing stock during the suckling period was explored in the article. The dates of inseminations and calvings were selected for analysis to calculate the duration of ewes' gestation and indicators of live weight of young animals at birth and at weaning with subsequent calculation of correlations between these traits. The average duration of the ewes’ gestation period is 157.76 ± 0.61 days (Cv=7.6%). The single-born ewe lambs of the No. 01684 line were higher in live weight by 6.9% (р ≤ 0.001), and higher in average daily gain by 6.0% (р ≤ 0.001) than the sample averages at weaning. The single-born ram lambs the No. 80077 line have a significant advantage in terms of live weight at weaning by 9.1% (р ≤ 0.01), and in terms of average daily gains by 11.8% (р ≤ 0.05). Single-born ram lambs of the No. 01684 and No. 66796 lines with a reduced live weight at birth grow more intensively: a significant advantage in terms of live weight at weaning and average daily growth, respectively, is 12.1% (р ≤ 0.001) and 9.6 % (р ≤ 0.01) higher in comparison with the average sample values. Twin ewe lambs of the No. 80077 line with a lower live weight at birth by 0.2% and an increased weight at birth by 0.4, the difference of which is also not reliable, nevertheless have a significant advantage in average daily growth compared to the average – by 9.1% (р ≤ 0.001), while the twin ram lambs have no significant difference in the indicators of the suckling period. Milkiness is negatively associated with the duration of pregnancy of ewes and positively with the lambs live weight at weaning period. In order to establish a line for increased multiplicity, it is necessary to select ewe lambs to be used in the replacement stock from twin litters in the line No. 80077. The increased live weight of young animals from single litters is formed by the parent livestock of No. 01684, 20832, 65204 and 80077 lines. The advantage of twin ram lambs in terms of live weight over the average values has not been proven.
Selection and genetic parameters of sheep of the Aginskaya breed of the Zugalay type
Authors: Khamiruev T. N.
Published: September 2024

The results of the study of selectable traits, exterior-constitutional features of medium wool sheep of the Aginskaya breed of the Zugalay type are presented. The data of correlation-regression, variance analysis are given, according to the results of which paired and multifactor regression models have been designed. Body weight (6.4–12.6%), down length (19.3–19.7%) and awn length (13.1–16.9%) and cannon bone girth (9.1%) are characterized by the greatest variability in the studied sheep. In terms of physique indices, rams are distinguished by longer legs, better breast development, stronger bones, ewe lambs are distinguished by a more stretched, bunched and massive body with a better developed hind part. Correlation analysis of the breeding traits with external body parts indicates that live weight and wool clip in rams has a closer correlation with linear measurements in comparison with ewe lambs. In both males and females, live weight was more strongly correlated with the width in the dippers, wool clip – with the width at hips in rams, in ewe lambs the relationship was weak or practically absent. Linear regression coefficients indicate that live weight and wool clip gain in rams are predicted by an increase per unit in hip width (4.37 abs. gain; r = 0.824; p < 0.001 and 0.13 abs. gain; r = 0.792; p < 0.001). The coefficient of determination showed that in rams the changes in live weight and wool clip by 67.9 and 62.8% were explained by the width at hips, the influence of other factors – 32.1 and 37.2%, respectively. In multifactor regression models, 90.3 and 78.0% of changes in body weight and wool clip in rams are explained by the influence of a complex of linear measurements, in ewe lambs – by 25.7 and 17.5%, respectively, the remaining share is attributed to the influence of other factors, respectively.
Analysis of hybrid potato populations in the conditions of the Magadan region
Authors: Tishchenko G. V.
Published: September 2024

The priority direction in potato breeding in the Magadan region, given the short growing season and heat shortage, is the creation of predominantly early-ripening potato varieties. The article presents the results of the evaluation of potato breeding samples in terms of productivity and ripeness. Over two years, about three thousand samples of 67 hybrid combinations have been studied. The research was carried out in 2022–2023 on the experimental field of the Magadan Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture on floodplain, sod-alluvial, pebble-sandy loam soils. More than two thousand samples represented by 25 hybrid combinations were studied in the nursery of seedlings. Hybrid combinations characterized by a high frequency of selection of promising forms are identified, such as Arctica × Elbeida, Udacha × Bellarosa, Krone × Bellarosa, Charoite × Bellarosa, Krone × Labadia, Arctica × Gala. In these hybrid combinations, from 7.6 to 17.9% of the samples from the total number of the seedlings planted in the field were selected as clones. The samples with high productivity indicators were selected in the nursery of hybrids of the 1st year. The maximum weight of tubers of one plant was noted in the populations of Columba × Krepysh – 2010, Udacha × Bellarosa – 1820, Arctica × Elbeida – 1825, Charoite × Bellarosa – 1800. In the nursery of hybrids of the 2nd year, hybrids with productivity exceeding 1000 g/bush, such as Columba × Krepysh (2700 g/bush), Udacha × Bellarosa (1950 g/bush), Arctica × Krepysh (1670 g/bush), were identified in terms of yield and economically valuable characteristics. The frequency of selection of productive clones here exceeded 50%. These hybrid combinations are recommended for breeding research in the conditions of the Magadan region.
Study of extended homozygous chromosome regions in Italian partridge breed of chickens
Authors: Smaragdov M. G.
Published: September 2024

Selection and accompanying inbreeding are the basis for breeding chicken breeds. With the advent of modern molecular methods for assessing inbreeding, it has become possible to identify genes and their functions in the homozygous regions (ROH) of chicken chromosomes. In this study, a genome-wide analysis of homozygous regions of chromosomes in Italian partridge chickens was carried out using an SNP chip Illumina Chicken 60KSNPiSelectBeadChipchip. An average of 177 ± 5 ROH-sequences per chicken were identified in the chicken chromosomes, and the average inbreeding coefficient was 0.30 ± 0.01. It was determined that the chicken genome is dominated by short ROH-sequences of 0.25–2 Mbp. ROH-sequences longer than 8 Mbp indicating recent inbreeding account for no more than 2.2%. It was found that, in general, ROH-sequences are more densely distributed in chicken microchromosomes, with the exception of chromosome 16, which does not have ROH-sequences. This fact is due to the heterozygosity of the alleles of the genes responsible for immunity, located in microchromosome 16. ROH-islands were found in the chicken chromosomes 1, 5, and 14. The genes in ROH-islands are responsible for feather pecking in chickens (DMD gene), immune status (TAB3, EIF2S3 genes), body weight (IL1RAPL1 gene), pH of meat (EIF2S3, APOO, KLHL15 genes), egg production (APOO gene), feed uptake (SAT1 gene), aggressiveness of roosters (SLITRK6 gene), transport of intracellular components in developing neurons and protection of heterochromatin in the cell nuclei of neurons (NDE1 gene), adaptation of chickens to tropical living conditions (CDIN1 gene). Thus, ROH analysis allowed us to identify genes potentially selectable as a result of breeding Italian partridge breed chickens.
Microbiological and genetic typing of atypical mycobacteria identified in the Novosibirsk region
Authors: Ionina S. V. , Donchenko A. S. , Guselnikova E. P. , Gordeeva E. I.
Published: September 2024

219 samples of biological material from animals and 54 samples of environmental objects from farms in the Novosibirsk region, which are free from bovine tuberculosis, were examined for isolation of the tuberculosis pathogen, microbiological and genetic typing of isolated cultures of atypical mycobacteria. Microbiologic diagnosis included culture method, biochemical tests and biological assay. During the treatment of animal biomaterial 50 cultures were isolated, and 20 cultures were isolated from the environmental objects. The isolated cultures were classified as mycobacteria on the basis of their culture and morphological properties and bacterioscopy. According to biochemical characteristics, out of 70 cultures studied, 27 isolates (38.6%) belonged to atypical mycobacteria of different species. Of these, 26 cultures (96.3%) were categorized as Group III and 1 culture (3.7%) as Group IV according to Runyon's classification. Next, a biological assay was performed by infecting nonlinear white mice with suspensions of 27 identified cultures of atypical mycobacteria. At autopsy and pathological-anatomical study of laboratory animals, changes in internal organs characteristic for tuberculosis were not found, which confirms that the cultures under study belong to atypical mycobacteria. Molecular systematization of the isolated cultures revealed the presence of Mycobacterium avium (20 cultures, 74%), M. nonchromogenicum (5 cultures, 18.5%), M. intracellulare (1 culture, 3.7%) and M. fortuitum (1 culture, 3.7%). Thus, based on the results of a comprehensive study of 70 cultures of atypical mycobacteria isolated from animal biomaterial and environmental objects from the territory of farms in the Novosibirsk region, free from bovine tuberculosis, 27 isolates belonging to atypical mycobacteria of groups III and IV were identified according to Runyon’s classification. On the basis of typing, it was found that the leading role among the identified pathogens is occupied by atypical mycobacteria of group III, in particular M. avium. The etiology of nonspecific tuberculin reactions in tuberculosis-free herds of cattle can be explained by the isolation of atypical Mycobacterium tuberculosis groups III and IV according to Runyon classification from environmental objects and their persistence in the organism of healthy animals.
Metode Amenore Laktasi sebagai Metode Kontrasepsi : Tinjauan Literatur
Authors: Agustiawan Agustiawan , Sari Sonia Novita
Published: September 2024

Sampai saat ini belum ada konrtasepsi yang dapat memuaskan semua orang, tetapi ada beberapa syarat agar kontrasepsi dapat dikatakan ideal. Kontrasepsi yang ideal harus mempunyai efektivitas yang tinggi, minimal efek samping, dapat dengan mudah dipulihkan, dapat melindungi penggunanya dari infeksi menular seksual (IMS), mudah didapatkan serta tidak ada kontraindikasi. Metode amenore laktasi (MAL) merupakan metode kontrasepsi di mana ibu menjalani konseling dan didukung untuk memberikan air susu ibu (ASI) sebagai bagian dari upaya kontrasepsi. Metode amenore laktasi merupakan metode yang tersedia dan dapat diakses secara luas oleh banyak wanita. Kami melakukan tinjauan litelatur yang kami susun untuk menunjukkan efektifitas dari metode amenorea laktasi dalam mencegah kehamilan. Kami menemukan enam studi yang berkaitan dengan MAL, dimana tiga penelitian berasal dari Indonesia dan masing-masing satu penelitian berasal dari Amerika Serikat, India, dan Nigeria. Laktasi merupakan adaptasi evolusioner yang memberi seseorang kesempatan untuk memberikan pengasuhan yang andal kepada keturunannya dalam menghadapi akses yang tidak pasti terhadap makanan. Metode amenorea laktasi merupakan kontrasepsi yang mengandalkan pemberian ASI. Metode amenorea laktasi dapat menjadi kontrasepsi bila mnyusui secara penuh (full breast feeding), belum haid dan umur bayi <6 bulan. Memberikan ASI setidaknya lima kali sehari dengan durasi >65 menit dapat mempertahankan keadaan amenore.
Abortus Inkomplit
Authors: Albin Iskandar , Koto Muhammad Adryan
Published: September 2024

Abortus inkomplit merupakan suatu peristiwa pengeluaran hasil konsepsi di usia kehamilan kurang dari 20 minggu dengan masih terdapatnya sisa hasil konsepsi yang tersisa dalam uterus. Rata-rata terjadi 114 kasus abortus per jam. Studi menyatakan bahwa kejadian abortus antara 15-20 % dari semua kehamilan dengan hampir 50% kehamilan berakhir dengan abortus. Pasien wanita berusia 39 tahun datang ke Poliklinik Obstetri dan Ginekologi RSU Cut Meutia dengan keluhan perdarahan dari dari jalan lahir disertai nyeri perut bawah. Pasien diketahui saat ini hamil dengan G5P4A0 UK 12-13 minggu. Pemeriksaan tanda vital normal. Dilakukan pemeriksaan obstetri dan ginekologi. Pemeriksaan Obstetri: pada inspeksi dijumpai bekas operasi pada abdomen, distensi (-), pada palpasi meliputi Leopold I didapatkan TFU tidak teraba, Leopold II-III-IV tidak dapat dinilai. Pemeriksaan Ginekologi: inspeksi dijumpai lendir darah pada vulva dan pembalut, pada palpasi didapatkan uterus anteflexi, portio tebal, OUE tertutup, pembukaan 0 cm. Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium didapatkan Hb: 11,82 g/dL, RBC: 4.11 Juta/uL, WBC: 8.47 ribu/uL, PLT: 209 ribu/uL, HbsAG Qualitative: negatif, Anti HIV: non reaktif, VDRL: non reaktif. Pada pemeriksaan USG Transabdominal menunjukan kantung kehamilan dengan batas tidak beraturan dan terdapat sisa hasil konsepsi beserta gumpalan darah, DJJ (-). Pasien dirawat inap untuk dilakukan tindakan kuretase. Prognosis pada pasien adalah dubia ad bonam.
IMPACT OF EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY ON TAX INCIDENCE FOR INDIAN IT COMPANIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: N Santosh , M Muniraju
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the impact of variations in the USD/INR exchange rate on the tax burden of Indian IT enterprises from 2019 to 2023. Exchange rate fluctuations can affect tax obligations by influencing the conversion of overseas income and the efficacy of hedging tactics. The research conducted an analysis using correlation and regression techniques on data from prominent IT companies like as Infosys, TCS, Wipro, Tech Mahindra, and HCL Technologies. The findings indicate a notable and positive relationship between fluctuations in currency rates and tax expenses. Infosys and TCS demonstrate the highest levels of correlation, with around 82.6% and 88.8% of their variation in tax expenses being accounted for by variations in exchange rates, respectively. These findings emphasize the importance of using efficient risk management methods, such as strategic hedging and the strategic placement of subsidiaries, to reduce the negative impact of currency fluctuations on tax-related financial factors. Further research could investigate the role of government policies in mitigating these risks.
THE EVOLUTION OF INDIAN ENGLISH DRAMA: FROM RABINDRANATH TAGORE TO MAHESH DATTANI
Authors: V Chandrasekhar Naik , Biradar Dr. Renuka
Published: September 2024

The research paper explores the evolution, significance, and contemporary relevance of Indian English Drama, with a focus on key playwrights Rabindranath Tagore and Mahesh Dattani. Beginning with an examination of the socio-political backdrop of post-independence India, it traces the transition of Indian English Drama from its early influences to the present era. The contrasting themes and styles between Tagore and Dattani are analysed, highlighting the shift from poetic lyricism to gritty realism, and the exploration of universal truths to pressing social issues.The paper underscores the reflection of modern India in Indian English Drama, portraying the diverse complexities and contradictions of society. It discusses the pivotal role of Indian English Drama in shaping cultural discourse, fostering critical dialogue, and advocating for social change. Despite facing challenges such as economic constraints and digital competition, Indian English Drama presents numerous opportunities for growth and innovation, particularly in the digital age.The paper concludes with a call to appreciate the importance of understanding the evolution of Indian English Drama and its future prospects. By embracing diversity, inclusivity, and innovation, Indian English Drama can continue to thrive and inspire audiences’ worldwide, sparking important conversations about the human experience and the pressing issues of our time.
तपन शान्तिकारी की कलात्मक अभिव्यक्ति
Authors: Kumar Sanjay
Published: September 2024

तपन शान्तिकारी ने 1968 में कलात्मक अभ्यास प्रारंभ किये। एक अच्छे मूर्तिकार होने के साथ-साथ यह काशी हिन्दू विश्वविद्यालय में कला शिक्षक के रूप में बहुमूल्य योगदान दिया। शान्तिकारी का कार्य भारतीय पारंपरिक सौंदर्यशास्त्र और आधुनिक कलात्मक तकनीकों का एक अनूठा संगम प्रस्तुत करता है, जो विशेष रूप से उनकी मूर्तियों और टेराकोटा म्यूरल में परिलक्षित होता है। हम शान्तिकारी के कलात्मक अभ्यास को गहनता से देखे जिसमें टेराकोटा, धातु और पत्थर जैसे विभिन्न माध्यमों के साथ रचनात्मक प्रयोग किया है मूर्तिकार के रूप में शान्तिकारी ने अपनी एक अलग कलात्मक शैली गढ़ ली थी। इनके मूर्तिशिल्पों में विशेष रूप से बनारस के स्थानीय संस्कृति को दर्शाने वाले उनके टेराकोटा म्युरल्स में बनारस के घाट, नदी, पेड़-पौधे, पक्षी, जानवर, ज्यामितिक और अमूर्त आकार शामिल है जो इस बात पर प्रकाश डालते हैं कि कैसे वह बनारस की समृद्ध सांस्कृति विरासत को अपने कलाकृतियों में समाहित किया है। इस शोध पत्र के प्रमुख उद्देश्यों में शान्तिकारी की कला भारतीय समकालीन मूर्तिकला में एक महत्वपूर्ण योगदान का प्रतिनिधित्व करती है, जो पारंपरिक विषयों और आधुनिक कलात्मक अभिव्यक्ति के बीच की खाई को पाटती है। उनके कार्य का प्रभाव नई पीढ़ी के कलाकारों पर देखा जा सकता है और 20वीं सदी के अंत में भारतीय मूर्तिकला के विकास में मूल्यवान अंतर्दृष्टि प्रदान करता है।
AI-based writing feedback in ESP: Leveraging ChatGPT for writing business cover letters among Korean university students
Authors: Lee Gayoung
Published: September 2024

This study explores the use of ChatGPT as a feedback tool for English cover letter writing among Korean university students in Business English courses. Fifty-one students participated in writing activities where they received feedback from ChatGPT 3.5. Survey and interview data indicate that while students were generally satisfied with the feedback process, its impact on developing higher-order cognitive skills, such as critical thinking and self-directed learning, was limited. Benefits identified include enhanced language refinement, personalized learning, and increased efficiency, but challenges such as lack of originality and potential over-reliance on AI were noted. These findings suggest that while ChatGPT can provide valuable feedback in the writing process, careful implementation is necessary to maximize educational benefits and promote autonomous learning. Future research should address these challenges and investigate the long-term effects of AI-assisted feedback on students’ writing development.
Development and validation of digital teaching competence scale for Chinese foreign language teachers in primary and secondary schools
Authors: Li Ling
Published: September 2024

The digital transformation of foreign language education in China is contingent upon the digital teaching competence of primary and secondary foreign language teachers. This subject has attracted considerable attention among educational professionals. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of evaluation studies that concentrate on this particular group of educators, and an absence of a comprehensive system to assess their digital teaching abilities. This study aims to address this gap by developing a scale to evaluate the digital teaching competence of these teachers. The scale is grounded in the dimensions of "digital awareness, digital knowledge, and digital skills." Utilizing a scientific approach to scale compilation, the research first conducted a pilot test with convenient random sampling to distribute questionnaires electronically to teachers in three schools in Z province. This yielded 109 valid responses from 139 attempts. This was followed by a formal national random sampling survey, which yielded 449 valid responses out of 489. Exploratory factor analysis was performed on a sample of 217, while confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on a separate sample of 232. The scale exhibited high reliability, with an alpha coefficient of 0.974 and a KMO value of 0.953, thus proving suitable for factor analysis. The analysis identified three distinct factors: "digital awareness" "digital knowledge", and "digital skills." The latter factor accounted for 4.967% of the cumulative variance. Validation through AMOS 24.0 confirmed the model's structural validity, as evidenced by a X2/df ratio below 3, CFI, IFI, and TLI values above 0.9, RMSEA below 0.08, and RMR below 0.05. The scale has been found to generally meet the criteria for measurement standards and offers a valuable reference for the study of digital teaching competence among Chinese foreign language teachers.