bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Amount of Escherichia Coli in Refilled Drinking Water at the Depot with Bottled Drinking Water
Authors: Batubara Frisca Ronauli , Pohan Dame Joyce , Pasaribu Dora Elysia Octavia
Published: June 2021

Water needed for daily use is viable water that is clean and healthy. Due to limited access to clean water, people buy bottled water and refillable drinking water. It is necessary to do clinical research at the laboratory to determine whether the water condition is feasible or not for consumption. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there is E.coli bacteria in the refillable drinking water and bottled water. This study uses an experimental method. Samples were taken from 15 refillable drinking water depots in Kecamatan Rawalumbu Bekasi and 15 bottled water samples. The bacterias identification was made by planting the samples in Blood Agar media and EMB. The results showed four positive samples of E. coli bacteria (26.7%) in the refillable drinking water depot at Kecamatan Rawalumbu Bekasi and one positive sample of E. coli bacteria (6.7%) in bottled water. It was also found that other types of bacteria such as Coliform (6.7%), Pseudomonas sp. (40%), Klebsiella sp. (13.3%), Staphylococcus sp. (6.7%), and Streptobacillus Gram + (13.4%).

Key words: Refillable Drinking Water, Bottled Water, Escherichia coli.
Assessing the Role of Knowledge, Awareness, Practice in Achieving Medication Adherence among Hypertensive Patients
Authors: S Satish , Sam Minnu Sara , Shabaraya A R
Published: June 2021

Medication adherence is that the degree to which the person's behaviour corresponds with the agreed recommendations from a health care provider. Knowledge and the awareness concerning the hypertension and the antihypertensive medications have an important role within the medication adherence, lack of this can have negative impact on the medication adherence.
The assessment of medication adherence in the study was meted out by using morisky scale. It’s a cross sectional study conducted in 150 individuals in Kankanady, Valachil, Valencia, Jeppu, Padil of Mangalore in Karnataka. Patient data collection forms were used to collect the information. Present study reflected that patients had knowledge regarding normal BP, symptoms and complications, however majority thinks hypertension can be curable. A positive attitude and practice were observed among the patients apart from practice of normal exercise. Analysing the data using MAMS-8 scale, study showed only 11.3% of the population were found to be high adherent that shows the decrease in the adherence rates. 34% had moderate adherence and the remaining 54% were low adherent. Assessment of data suggests that majority lack complete information about hypertension and its management.
The study results revealed that hypertension related knowledge, awareness and practice plays a serious role in improving medication adherence.

Keywords: Medication adherence, Hypertension, Knowledge, Awareness, Morisky scale.
ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN DAUN KIRINYUH (Chromolaena odorata L.) MENJADI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK SUMBER DAYA LOKAL
Authors: Rosmawati Syarifah
Published: June 2021

Percobaan dilaksanakan di Desa Sindanggalih, Kecamatan Karangtengah, Kabupaten Garut. Waktu percobaan dimulai dari Bulan Maret sampai Juni 2020. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai tambah pengolahan daun kirinyuh menjadi pupuk organik cair sebagai pupuk organik berbasis sumber daya lokal. Hasil analisis nilai tambah menunjukan proses pengolahan daun kirinyuh menjadi pupuk organik cair pada industri kecil di Desa Sindanggalih Kecamatan Karangtengah Kabupaten Garut terdiri dari pengadaan bahan baku daun kirinyuh dewasa. Proses pengolahan daun kirinyuh menjadi pupuk organik cair meliputi proses pengumpulan daun kirinyuh, pencacahan, fermentasi dan pengemasan. Usaha pengolahan daun kirinyuh menjadi pupuk organik cair pada industri kecil memberikan nilai tambah sebesar Rp 48.400,00 atau sebesar 64,53 persen per proses produksi (rasio tinggi). Industri ini tergolong dalam kategori bernilai tambah tinggi dengan keuntungan sebesar Rp 44.400,00 atau sebesar 91,73 persen.
PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PENJUALAN MINYAK AKAR WANGI PADA PT. PULUS WANGI NUSANTARA DI KECAMATAN SAMARANG KABUPATEN GARUT
Authors: Awaliyah Fitri
Published: June 2021

Usaha penyulingan minyak akar wangi tidak hanya menyangkut produksi penyulinganya tetapi juga menyangkut penjualannya. Perencanaan penjualan yang perlu diperhatikan adalah penetapan harga jual produk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perhitungan harga jual dan keuntungan yang ditetapkan PT Pulus Wangi Nusantara menurut metode cost plus pricing (pendekatan full costing). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus. Data yang digunakan adalah data produksi dan penjualan periode Januari 2011 sampai dengan Desember 2011, serta dianalisis dengan analisis penentuan harga jual menggunakan pendekatan full costing dan laporan rugi laba menurut pendekatanÂ  full costing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harga jual rata-rata yang ditetapkan PT Pulus Wangi sudah dapat menutup biaya yang dikeluarkan dan memberikan keuntungan.Â
Investigating the Efficacy of Potential Diet-Derived Phytochemicals on LNCaP Cell Lines Under Physiological Conditions
Authors: C. Onuoha , C.S. Chukwudoruo , C.O. Ezenwaka , F.N. Ujowundu
Published: June 2021

Prostate cancer (PCa) is increasingly prevalent in Nigeria and chemoprevention has a potential role to stem the initiation, promotion and progression of prostate carcinogenesis. The in vivo efficacy of phytochemicals depends on bioavailability, as the concentration of the compounds reaching target sites are known to reduce tremendously. With lower concentrations being achieved in target organs, the outcome on key players of carcinogenesis needs to be understood. The effect of curcumin, 3,3’-Diindolylmethane and epigallocatechin-3-gallate were interrogated on LNCaP cell lines by imitating in vivo conditions. The LNCaP cell lines were firstly, treated with low doses of curcumin, DIM and EGCG respectively. Subsequently, to investigate chemopreventive potentials of selected phytochemicals, cell lines were pre-treated and subsequently stimulated with testosterone. Lastly, to investigate the therapeutic potential of selected phytochemicals, cell lines were pre-stimulated before receiving respective treatments. From results, the effect of low dose treatments on the androgen receptor (AR) was dose-dependent. AR inhibition was observed more with cell lines that received a pre-treatment than cell-lines that received a pre-stimulation. All findings indicate that the investigated phytochemicals are potential chemopreventive regimens than curative regimens, since inhibitory effects on AR were enhanced more with a pre-treatment than a pre-stimulation. Furthermore, increased bioavailability of chemopreventive regimens will enhance efficacy.
CRÍTICA DEL DERECHO Y CRÍTICA DEL ESTADO
Authors: D’Auria Aníbal
Published: June 2021

El primer objetivo en este breve artículo es exponer el sentido técnico filosófico de la crítica con sus características específicas. Luego, mostraré algunas limitaciones y defectos epistemológicos de la crítica al derecho contemporánea. Finalmente, intentaré mostrar la compatibilidad y complementariedad entre el programa de la Crítica Anarquista del Derecho y la conceptualización kelseniana del Estado y el Derecho.
High Heritability in a Resistant Barley Genetic Source to Spot Blotch (Cochliobolus sativus)
Authors: Arabi Mohammad Imad Eddin , Al-Daoude Antonious , Shoaib Amina , Jawhar Mohammad
Published: June 2021

The objective of the present research was to assess and understand the heritability of the resistant barley genetic source cv. Banteng to spot blotch SB disease caused by Cochliobolus sativus. A cross was made between this resistant cultivar and the universally susceptible cv. WI 2291. Analysis of variance for the studied trait indicated highly significant differences among cultivars. High broad sense heritability was found (H  88 %). However, in all cases, the results obtained for the F2 plants demonstrated that the observed segregation pattern fitted 1:15 ratios.
Nutrients Dynamics of Co-composting Poultry Litter with Fast Food Wastes
Authors: Hayat Asim , Chaudhary Arshad Nawaz , Hussain Fayyaz , Iqbal Tanveer , Suthar Vishandas , Jalil Sana Ullah , Ali Zeshan
Published: June 2021

Co-composting of poultry litter (PL) and fast food waste (FFW) in different combinations was carried out to explore the nutrient dynamics. The PL and FFW were co-composted in pits of dimensions  2 m×2 m×1.5 m (L×W×D) in ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100, respectively, for a period of 105 days. Co-composts of PL and FFW in a 50:50 ratio yielded highest total nitrogen (3.63%), total phosphorus (0.81%), and total potassium (3.40%) levels in the mature compost after 105 days of composting period. Carbon to nitrogen ratio for this combination was 18.33, which is suitable for safe land application. Present study identified PL and FFW co-composting in equal proportions yields maximum N, P and K levels with suitable C:N ratio which may be applied to soils to meet crop nutrient demands and enhanced agricultural productivity.
Role of Biodiesel-Diesel Blends in Alteration of Particulate Matter Emanated by Diesel Engine
Authors: Shah Asad Naeem , Shan Ge Yun- , Wei Tan Jian- , Shahid Ejaz Mahmood
Published: June 2021

The current study is focused on the investigation of the role of biodiesel in the alteration of particulate matter (PM) composition emitted from a direct injection-compression ignition. Two important blends of biodiesel with commercial diesel known as B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel by volume) and B50 were used for the comparative analysis of their pollutants with those of 100% or traditional diesel (D). The experiments were performed under the auspices of the Chinese 8-mode steady- state cycle on a test bench by coupling the engine with an AC electrical dynamometer. As per experimental results, over-50 nm aerosols were abated by 8.7-47% and 6-51% with B20 and B50, respectively, on account of lofty nitrogen dioxide to nitrogen oxides (NO2/NO´) ratios. In case of B50, sub-50 nm aerosols and sulphates were higher at maximum load modes of the test, owing to adsorption phenomenon of inorganic nuclei leading to heterogeneous nucleation. Moreover, trace metal emissions (TME) were substantially reduced reflecting the reduction rates of 42-57% and 64-80% with B20 and B50, respectively, relative to baseline measurements taken with diesel. In addition to this, individual elements such as Ca and Fe were greatly minimised, while Na was enhanced with biodiesel blended fuels.
Prediction of Five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) from Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Values in Raw and Biologically Treated Domestic Sewage
Authors: Uwidia Ita Erebho , Ejeomo Christopher
Published: June 2021

The functional relationship between BOD5 and COD was evaluated using domestic sewage samples collected from a sewage treatment plant in an estate in Warri, Delta State, Nigeria. Two types of samples were collected: raw domestic sewage,(influent) and biologically treated domestic sewage (effluent).The correlation coefficient r between the BOD5 and COD was determined and values were 0.99 and 0.94, respectively for different sewage samples. The regression analysis carried out showed very strong correlation . The linear correlation established was: COD = 1.62 BOD5 + 15.82 ; r2 = 0.978; COD = 1.58BOD5 + 9.21; r2 = 0.878. Results obtained above were also judged as significant at 95% and 99% confidence levels. Confidence intervals obtained were: 1.53£ a £1.71 at 95% and 1.49£ a £1.75 at 99% for the raw sewage; 1.37£ a £ 1.80 at 95% and 1.27£ a £1.90 at 99% for the biologically treated sewage.
Focused Acute Medicine Ultrasound (FAMUS) – point of care ultrasound for the Acute Medical Unit
Authors:   Acute Internal Medicine, Surrey and Sussex NHS Trust, Smallwood Nicholas , Dachsel Martin ,   Acute Internal Medicine, East Surrey Hospital, Matsa Ramprasad ,   Acute Internal and Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Tabiowo Eugene ,   Acute Medicine, Wrexham Maelor Hospital, P. Walden Andrew ,   Department of Acute Medicine, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Berkshire
Published: June 2021

Point of care ultrasound (POCU) is becoming increasingly popular as an extension to clinical examination techniques. Specific POCU training pathways have been developed in specialties such as Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine (CORE Emergency Ultrasound and Core UltraSound Intensive Care, for example), but until this time there has not been a curriculum for the acutely unwell medical patient outside of Critical Care. We describe the development of Focused Acute Medicine Ultrasound (FAMUS), a curriculum designed specifically for the Acute Physician to learn ultrasound techniques to aid in the management of the unwell adult patient. We detail both the outline of the curriculum and the process involved for a candidate to achieve FAMUS accreditation. It is anticipated this will appeal to both Acute Medical Unit (AMU) clinicians and general physicians who deal with the unwell or deteriorating medical or surgical patient. In time, the aspiration is for FAMUS to become a core part of the AIM curriculum.
Relação entre o estrogênio e as disfunções temporomandibulares: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Berrutti Laura Gomes , Machado Gabriela Moraes , Reis de Moura Flávio Renato , Brew Myrian Camara , Bavaresco Caren Serra
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: realizar uma revisão da literatura a fim de traçar um panorama atual sobre o papel do estrogênio nas disfunções temporomandibulares. Metodologia: foram realizadas buscas nas plataformas digitais PubMed, SciELO e Google Acadêmico, durante os meses de setembro de 2018 a maio de 2019, sem filtros para determinar período de tempo, sendo excluídos aqueles trabalhos em que não foi possível identificar relação com o tema. Resultados: na análise dos estudos encontrados, foi observada a relação entre o estrogênio e a prevalência de disfunções temporomandibulares em mulheres. O estrogênio atua central e perifericamente no sistema nervoso central, influenciando no processamento dos receptores pró e antinoceptivos da articulação temporomandibular. Considerações finais: a modulação estrogênica da dor é um mecanismo complexo. Diversos estudos associam o hormônio estrogênio às disfunções temporomandibulares. Embora não haja um consenso entre os autores do papel exato deste hormônio, há evidências comprovadas de que as mulheres possuem uma susceptibilidade a dores em geral, com prevalência tanto em frequência quanto em intensidade.
Abordagem cirúrgica conservadora de fibroma ossificante em localização atípica da mandíbula: relato de caso
Authors: Ramos Silva Larissa Oliveira , D’Andrea Espinheira Paula Rizerio , Brandão Tagna De Oliveira , Serra André Victor Pinto , Dultra Joaquim Almeida , Crusoé Rocha Rebello Ieda Margarida
Published: June 2021

O fibroma ossificante (FO) é uma neoplasia fibro-óssea benigna da região craniofacial de origem odontogênica, formado a partir de células mesenquimais multipotentes do ligamento periodontal, as quais são capazes de formar osso, tecido fibroso e cemento. Acredita-se que exodontias prévias, infecções, trauma ou uma perturbação de origem congênita na maturação óssea poderiam servir como fatores predisponentes para o desenvolvimento do FO. Radiograficamente, as lesões de FO iniciais são representadas por uma imagem radiolúcida, unilocular, redonda ou oval, de margem bem circunscrita. No estágio tardio, o componente mineralizado é circundado por uma fina cápsula fibrosa representada por uma linha radiolúcida delgada, que envolve toda a lesão. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a abordagem cirúrgica de um FO localizado em região atípica da mandíbula. Relato de caso: paciente leucoderma, 18 anos de idade, sexo feminino, cursando com aumento de volume em região posterior mandibular direita. No exame de imagem, identificou-se uma lesão mista, bem definida, não corticalizada, medindo aproximadamente 3 cm x 2,5 cm. Após realização de biópsia incisional, confirmou-se o diagnóstico de FO. Sendo assim, optou-se pela curetagem acompanhada de uma osteotomia periférica da lesão e reabilitação da região com enxerto ósseo liofilizado, além da instalação de uma placa de reconstrução na base da mandíbula do sistema 2.4 mm. Considerações finais: É necessário ter conhecimento sobre as lesões de aspecto radiográfico misto, que podem fazer diagnóstico diferencial com o FO, para que possa ser realizada uma correta intervenção, visto que para cada lesão há uma abordagem diferente.
Etiologia e fatores associados à halitose: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Silva Ismael Lima , Sousa Samara Crislâny Araújo de , Alencar Layla Beatriz Barroso de , Palmeira Júlia Tavares , Araújo Vitória Freitas de , Sousa João Nilton Lopes de
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: avaliar quais as possíveis causas e quais são os fatores associados ao surgimento da halitose. Métodos: foi realizada uma revisão nos bancos de dados PubMed e SciELO, utilizando os descritores e sinônimos MeSH organizados em lógica booleana: ‘Halitosis’ AND ‘Risk Factors’ OR ‘Association’ OR ‘Etiologies’, com as seguintes etapas: identificação dos artigos, triagem, elegibilidade e inclusão. Apenas artigos publicados entre os anos de 2015-2020, ensaios clínicos randomizados, estudos transversais ou de coorte foram incluídos na revisão. Foram excluídos protocolos de estudos e os artigos que não estavam nos critérios e objetivo desta revisão. Resultados: de 240 artigos encontrados, 22 foram inclusos. Desses, 50% demonstraram que a falta ou a deficiência dos hábitos de higiene oral se relacionam com a halitose. Ainda, 40,9% deles se referem à saburra lingual como um forte fator etiológico e 36,4% demonstram que a doença periodontal está diretamente associada com o mau hálito. Além disso, em relação a outras condições locais e sistêmicas, xerostomia (13,6%), doença gastrointestinal e refluxo laringofaríngeo (9,1%), rinite e diabetes (4,5%) também demonstraram associação. Considerações finais: a halitose pode estar associada com higiene bucal, saburra lingual, doença periodontal, alguns hábitos e quadros sistêmicos.
ULTRA Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores com ultra baixa dose de radiação e impressão 3D como auxiliares para cirurgia guiada em implantodontia
Authors: De Leon Rodrigues Ricardo Bidart , Almeida Campos Castro Torriani Eva Aguiar , Giacomini Giuliano Omizzolo , Dotto Gustavo Nogara , Liedke Gabriela Salatino
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: relatar um caso clínico de reabilitação com implante dentário imediato realizado utilizando Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores (TCMD) com ultra baixa dose de radiação, software de código aberto para manipulação das imagens e impressão 3D de baixo custo do guia cirúrgico. Relato de caso: paciente, sexo masculino, 50 anos de idade, foi avaliado clinicamente relatando dor na região do dente 45, com suspeita de fratura radicular. Como complemento ao exame clínico, o paciente realizou TCMD com ultra baixa dose de radiação para avaliar a condição dentária e do tecido ósseo adjacente. Tendo sido diagnosticada fratura radicular vertical, procedeu-se ao planejamento virtual do implante e à confecção do guia cirúrgico. As imagens em formato DICOM da TCMD foram convertidas para formato STL (Stereolithography) para manipulação e confecção do guia cirúrgico virtual. Esse guia foi impresso em PLA (poliácido láctico) utilizando impressora 3D pelo método FDM (Fusão e Deposição de Material). Após a exodontia atraumática, o guia cirúrgico foi posicionado nos dentes adjacentes e o implante foi inserido. Clinicamente, o paciente encontra-se assintomático, o implante sem sinais clínicos de inflamação e a prótese em função. Uma segunda tomografia do paciente permitiu comparar de forma tridimensional a posição final do implante e o planejamento virtual, que se mostraram equivalentes. Considerações finais: a impressão 3D em PLA mostrou-se uma solução com custo acessível para a produção de guias cirúrgicos, fornecendo previsibilidade e segurança ao implantodontista.
Apicultura en el occidente de Nicaragua, la experiencia de los productores rurales del municipio El Viejo.
Authors: Mayorga Centeno Dunieckse , Luna Rodas Jose , Romero Álvarez Katherine
Published: June 2021

La miel es un producto natural muy antiguo. En el contexto nicaragüense, la apicultura orgánica es la más practicada, pese a que solamente el 19% de la producción está debidamente certificada y tan sólo el 31% de los apicultores cuentan con la certificación necesaria para distribuir miel orgánica. El municipio de El Viejo es uno de los principales focos de concentración de colmenas en la zona de occidente, volviendo a la apicultura una práctica común en la región entre los productores de la zona. La miel es el producto más popular derivado de la producción apícola, es por ello que este estudio viene impulsado a darle mayor protagonismo a este rubro, y siendo un bien de naturaleza agroindustrial, el análisis de su proceso productivo y posterior comercialización se considera de vital importancia para comprender de una forma más clara todos los eslabones involucrados en la transformación de este bien, que cada vez tiene mayor presencia dentro del abanico de exportaciones del país. El estudio es de carácter descriptivo, de enfoque cuantitativo y de diseño no experimental, empleándose como instrumentos de recolección de información la entrevista aplicada a un funcionario de la Fundación Líder y la encuesta a 49 productores de miel de la zona. Los apicultores en estudio se encuentran organizados en su mayoría de manera colectiva, asociados bajo la tutela de Fundación Líder, quien les proporciona materiales e insumos, se evidencia que existen factores que afectan a la producción de miel de manera negativa, destacándose los tiempos de sequías y los vientos fuertes que provocan un aumento de la mortalidad en las abejas, la apicultura en esta zona se caracteriza por una producción artesanal y una cadena de comercialización corta.
Liquid Smoke as Fat Protector and Its Effect on Rumen Fermentation Characteristics and Microbial Activity
Authors: Tiven N. C. , Hartati L. , Simanjorang T. M.
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted to determine the effect of liquid smoke as a fat protector on unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and its effect on rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial activity. Crude palm oil (CPO) was mixed with Prosteo skim milk (1:2), then divided into three treatments i.e., crude palm oil without protection by liquid smoke as a control (P0), crude palm oil protected by 2.5% of liquid smoke (P1), and crude falm oil protected by 5.0% of liquid smoke (P2). For in vitro testing, 300 mg of the feed substrate (elephant grass and bran with the ratio of 60:40) was added with 5% of each crude palm oil preparation of P0, P1, and P2 and put in a fermentor syringe. Then, 30 mL of the mixture of rumen fluid and buffer-minerals solution (1:2) was added into each syringe fermentor and flushed with CO2. The fermentor syringes were incubated in a water bath at 39ᵒC for 48 hours. Variables measured were fatty acid composition, fermentation characteristics, and rumen microbial activity. The data were analyzed by the analysis of variance with a completely randomized design. The results showed that the protection of CPO with liquid smoke in P1 and P2 groups decreased saturated fatty acids (SFAs), but increased (p<0.01) monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and CMCase activity. Protection of CPO with 2.5% of liquid smoke (P1) significantly increased (p<0.01) fermentation characteristics (NH3 content and pH). It can be concluded that the use of 2.5% of liquid smoke has a better effect on feed fats protection, because it can reduce hydrogenation, increase UFAs, and has no negative effects on fermentation characteristics and microbial activity.
The Use of Teat-End Hyperkeratosis to Predict Somatic Cell Count and Milk Quality of Holstein Cows Raised in Egypt
Authors: Abdelghany S. , Fahim N. H. , Samir F. , Radwan M. A.
Published: June 2021

The study aimed to investigate the association between teat-end hyperkeratosis (THK) and somatic cell count (SCC) and to assess the effect of SCC on milk yield, fat, and protein percentages of Holstein cows. A total of 740 udder quarters of 185 Holstein cows kept in three commercial herds in Egypt were enrolled in the study from May to September 2019. Foremilk samples were collected from udder quarters for assessing milk SCC, fat, and protein percentages. On the same cows, a digital picture of each teat end orifice was taken with a digital camera. Cows’ teats were assessed for THK and classified into two different groups of hyperkeratosis; mild and severe THK. SCC was converted to five classes of somatic cell score (SCS). Simple linear regression was performed to determine the loss of milk yield, fat, and protein percentages. SCC was significantly affected by THK (p<0.0001). About 57% of teats were classified as mild THK and 43% as severe THK. The teats with severe THK recorded higher SCC in milk. It was observed that SCS had a significant effect on fat and protein percentages (p<0.0001). A similar trend was shown for the effect of SCS on milk yield (p<0.05), where the highest values of milk traits were obtained for the lowest SCS. The loss of milk was 220 g/day. Also, fat and protein percentages decreased by 0.11% and 0.08%, respectively, for each unit increase in SCS, from zero to four. In conclusion, severe THK can lead to high SCC, which negatively affects milk traits.
The Effect of Multiple-Choice Test Items’ Difficulty Degree on the Reliability Coefficient and the Standard Error of Measurement Depending on the Item Response Theory (IRT)
Authors: Al-zboon Habis Saad , Alrekebat Amjad Farhan , Bani Abdelrahman Mahmoud Sulaiman
Published: June 2021

This study aims at identifying the effect of multiple-choice test items' difficulty degree on the reliability coefficient and the standard error of measurement depending on the item response theory IRT. To achieve the objectives of the study, (WinGen3) software was used to generate the IRT parameters (difficulty, discrimination, guessing) for four forms of the test. Each form consisted of (30) items with different difficulty coefficients averages (-0.24, 0.24, 0.42, 0.93). The resulting items parameters were utilized to generate the ability and responses of (3000) examinees based on the three-parameter model. These data were converted into a readable file using the (SPSS) and the (BILOG-MG3) software. Then the reliability coefficients for the four test forms, the items parameters, and the items information function were calculated, and dependence on the information function values to calculate the standard error of measurement for each item.The results of the study showed that there are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α ≤ 0.05) between the averages of the values of the standard error of measurement attributed to the difference in the difficulty degree of the items in favor of the test with the higher difficulty coefficient. The results also found that there are apparent differences between the test reliability parameters attributed to the difficulty degree of the test according to the three-parameter model in favor of the form with the average difficulty degree.
Bilingual Schools as a Model of National Education of the Ukrainians Abroad in a Foreign Language Environment
Authors: Romaniuk Svitlana Zakharivna , Shaposhnikova Iryna
Published: June 2021

The article provides a retrospective analysis of the evolutionary proc-esses of formation and development of native language education of Ukrainians in the polyethnic environment of Canada and the important role of the state bilingual (Ukrainian-English) school, their importance in preserving the national culture of diaspora Ukrainians. The organizational and pedagogical principles of the educational process in bilingual schools as the main means of learning the native language by Canadian Ukrainians are highlighted. In Canada, there are four types of language immersion programs. They differ from each other in the number of academic hours dedicated to learning in the second language. The full immersion program in the second language takes 80 to 100 percent of the study time. In the programs of partial immersion during the first half of the day training is conducted in the second lan-guage, and during the other – in English. It is established that the system of bilingual education gave students the opportunity to master the Ukrainian language as a subject and at the same time to study certain school subjects in this language, which is extremely important from a psychological point of view. According to the educational program for grades 1–12 in the first three grades, the main focus is on listening, speaking and cultivating respect for culture, but already in the second grade, children begin learning reading and writing; in the 4–6 grades the culture of language is formed – its comprehension, speaking, reading and writing; in grades 7–12 students improve language and speech knowledge, skills and abili-ties, use them in their everyday life. It is found out that the main method of forming language and speech competence is conversational-visual. To implement it, teachers widely use methodological resources of teaching: printed educational publica-tions, audio and video resources, educational and methodical materials on different types of media, information and communication Internet resources, periodicals, primarily pedagogical. It has been detected that public bilingual schools in Canada contrib-ute to the mastery of the Ukrainian language as a major factor in pre-serving the ethnocultural identity of Canadian Ukrainians, an important means of their ties to the world Ukrainians.
Modern Technological Approaches in English Teaching of Future Teachers-Philologists at Ukrainian Universities
Authors: Rusnak Ivan , Vasylyk Marina
Published: June 2021

The article substantiates the advisability of using pedagogical innova-tive technologies in teaching English to masters of philology in higher education institutions of Ukraine regarding state legislation and regula-tory acts and provisions of the Pan-European recommendations on lan-guage education. It is noted that the training of future teachers of English language and literature is carried out at two levels of higher education – bachelor’s (first) and master’s (second) in terms of modernization of education, changing its structure and content, improving existing programs, preparing new courses and special courses, formation of modern mechanisms for determining the quality of education in the context of integration in the European educational space.
It is established that the most effective pedagogical technologies in teaching English include the use of information and telecommunication technologies, work with computer training programs, distance courses of learning foreign languages, creating presentations in the software environment Open Office Impress, Microsoft Power Point, use of World Wide Web resources.
The algorithm of using a communicatively oriented complex of mul-timedia technologies in teaching speaking skills is highlighted. Which includes three stages: pre-viewing and aimed at forming the communicative competence of future teachers of philology. The main types of work that contribute to the teaching of the English language and the development of speech include: discussion, role play, reproduction of insufficient information, completion of the story, report, story according to the picture (pictures). The proposed types of work and practical advice in their organization will make students more active, and the learning process will be more interesting and effective, will improve the quality of education of masters of philology.
Factors Shaping the Profitability of Ethical Financial Investments of Firms
Authors: Kędzierski Leszek
Published: June 2021

Ethical financial investments is made in the framework of the firms ethical financial management. They should characteristic as profitability as possible. There are internal and external factors that shape the profit-ability of these investments.
Inferência Automática de Nível Calórico de Receitas Culinárias Através de Técnicas de Aprendizagem de Máquina
Authors: Britto Larissa Feliciana da Silva , Pacífico Luciano Demétrio Santos , Ludermir Teresa Bernarda
Published: June 2021

Neste trabalho, uma ferramenta para inferência automática do nível calórico de receitas culinárias é proposta, através de uma abordagem de Classificação de Textos. A ferramenta fará parte de um Sistema de Recomendação em desenvolvimento, para o auxílio a profissionais de saúde e usuários em geral na elaboração de dietas saudáveis.
Colher ou não colher? Uma rede neural convolucional para apoiar cafeicultores na decisão da colheita
Authors: Mundim Filho Anagê Calixto , Alvarenga Cleyton , Carneiro Murillo Guimarães
Published: June 2021

Nesse artigo é feito um estudo de modelos de aprendizado profundo para auxiliar os agricultores na melhor tomada de decisão da colheita dos cafeeiros. Este é um problema pouco explorado na literatura e se torna muito difícil por conta dos frutos amadurecerem de maneira desuniforme na planta. Nesse sentido, coletamos milhares de imagens de cafeeiros as quais foram posteriormente classificadas por especialistas da área, Além disso, triplicamos a base de dados utilizando o processo de aumento de dados e três arquiteturas de redes neurais convolucionais foram treinadas e tiveram seu desempenho preditivo comparado. Os resultados mostram que nosso melhor obteve uma taxa de acerto de 93\% e F1-score de 92\% em imagens separadas para os testes.
Compreendendo Comportamentos Emergentes em Sistemas-de-Sistemas por meio de Simulação de Software
Authors: Silva Kanan Castro , Horita Flavio Eduardo Aoki
Published: June 2021

Esta pesquisa está inserida no contexto de Sistemas de Sistemas (SoS), uma classe de sistemas complexos compostos por outros sistemas independentes, que possuem suas próprias características e funcionalidades. A interação entre os constituintes de um SoS pode produzir comportamentos novos, os chamados comportamentos emergentes, sobre os quais ainda não há pleno domínio à respeito da modelagem e simulação. Assim, este trabalho se propõe a colaborar para o avanço deste entendimento, por meio da elaboração de um simulador que permita entender como a inclusão e/ou remoção de um ou mais constituintes de um SoS afeta seu comportamento global.
Cidades Inteligentes: Uma Arquitetura de Referência para Sistemas de Informação Baseada na Perspectiva Social
Authors: Barbosa Alexandre Pires , Fornazin Marcelo , Santos Rodrigo
Published: June 2021

Promover ações sustentáveis e menos desiguais visando o crescimento urbano ordenado é um desafio que as cidades inteligentes se propõem a resolver. Os sistemas de informação têm papel fundamental para enfrentamento dos desafios da gestão do espaço urbano, pois suas abordagens compreendem o envolvimento de pessoas, organizações e tecnologias. Contudo, estas abordagens podem gerar conflitos de interesses quando desconsideram os cidadãos em seus objetivos. Este projeto pesquisa de dissertação tem por objetivo investigar possibilidades e limites para as cidades inteligentes e propor uma arquitetura de referência para guiar pesquisadores e governos na abordagem social das cidades inteligentes.
Defining and Providing Pragmatic Interoperability: The MIDAS Middleware Case
Authors: Ribeiro Elivaldo Lozer Fracalossi , Claro Daniela Barreiro , Maciel Rita Suzana Pitangueira
Published: June 2021

Modern information systems are becoming increasingly complex due to the need to combine heterogeneous software. A common understanding of interoperability issues is not a trivial task since complex systems may contain many independent software components. This work presents a Conceptual frAmework for Pragmatic InTeroperAbiLity (CAPITAL) to enhance a pragmatic interoperability unified definition. We evaluate our framework through a modeling and coding guide, a controlled experiment, and applying CAPITAL in the Cloud Computing domain. Results suggest that CAPITAL positively influences the understanding, modeling, and codification of pragmatic interoperability solutions, facilitating pragmatic interoperability standardization opportunities.
A Fog Computing Simulation Approach Adopting the Implementation Science and IoT Wearable Devices to Support Predictions in Healthcare Environments
Authors: Thomé Thiago Goldoni , Ströele Victor , Dantas Mario A. R , Pinheiro Hélady
Published: June 2021

In the Covid-19 pandemic, it was already possible to obtain recommendations to assist in the control of contamination. In this study, we considered the implementation science concept in a simulation effort based on changes in prevention behaviors. We also considered the use of an information system and wearable IoT devices for monitoring people in environments where social isolation is complex. We conceived four scenarios with different approaches, where health data of the simulated agents were collected for monitoring and providing predictions. Agents with more preventive habits got contamination rates of 12.11% against the worst scenario, with 77.00%.
Um Sobrevoo Panorâmico sobre as Estratégias de Curricularização da Extensão adotadas atualmente em Cursos de Sistemas de Informação no Brasil
Authors: Souza-Júnior Marcílio Ferreira , Cunha Mônica Ximenes Carneiro
Published: June 2021

A regulamentação da prática extensionista como componente curricular obrigatório nos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos de graduação tem se apresentado como um desafio. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um panorama sobre as estratégias de curricularização da extensão adotadas nos cursos de Bacharelado em Sistemas de Informação (BSI) até o presente momento. A metodologia adotada envolveu uma pesquisa documental nos sites institucionais dos próprios cursos e uma pesquisa bibliográfica por relatos de experiências. Os resultados sinalizaram que, timidamente, as instituições de ensino estão reformulando seus projetos pedagógicos e que as estratégias comumente adotadas são aquelas que envolveram disciplinas específicas de extensão ou de projetos e programas no atendimento à comunidade.
Curricularização da Extensão nos Cursos de Sistemas de Informação na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia: Um Relato de Experiência
Authors: Araújo Rafael D. , Faria Elaine R. , Martinez Ana Claudia , Souza Jefferson
Published: June 2021

Em face ao Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE 2014-2024), o Conselho Nacional de Educação regulamentou as diretrizes para a extensão na Educação Superior Brasileira em 2018. Uma das metas prioritárias definidas é garantir uma quantidade mínima de créditos curriculares para extensão em todos os cursos de graduação do país. Com isso, além de reformular seus Projetos Político Pedagógico atender à legislação vigente, as Universidades precisam assegurar que todos os estudantes cumpram a carga horária mínima de atividades de extensão. Assim, este artigo apresenta um relato de experiência sobre a estratégia de reformulação dos cursos de Sistemas de Informação da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia nesse contexto.
Patterns of Functional Impairment over Time Amongst Older Men—the Manitoba Follow-up StudyY
Authors: St John Philip D. , Swift Audrey U. , Tate Robert B.
Published: June 2021

Background

To determine the incidence and prevalence patterns of activity of daily living (ADL) impairments in ageing men.

Methods

3,983 men were enrolled in the Manitoba Follow-up Study (MFUS) cohort study in 1948. From 1996 onwards, functional status was measured. We classified basic (BADL) and instru­mental (IADL) into mutually exclusive categories as a time dependant factor after the second survey wave as: First survey response; no limitation; incident (first episode of disability); persistent (limitation which was seen on all questionnaires after the incident episode); resilient (noted in previous surveys but not present); and recurrent (noted in present survey, and limitations noted as present and absent in previous surveys).

Results

There were 1,745 participants in 1996 at a mean age of 76 years. Incident BADL limitations increased substantially with age: from 1% at age 75 to 15% at age 95. Similarly, persistent limitations increased with age: from 0.4% at age 75 to 18% at age 95. However, BADL function was fluid, with many in­dividuals grouped within the resilient and recurrent patterns. Similar age effects and variability were noted in IADLs.

Conclusion

New and persistent disabilities are highly associated with age. However, there is considerable change in functional status over time.
Extensive African Urbanization: The Case of the Mozambican Periphery
Authors: Miranda Maloa Joaquim
Published: June 2021

The aim of this article is to analyze African urbanization, looking specifically at the transformations of Mozambican urban peripheries. To do so, conduct a qualitative research of an exploratory nature, using bibliographic, documentary and photographic survey. The most interesting discoveries of this study started in the 1990s, a period marked by the end of “socialism”, civil war, centrally planned economy, which verified the opening of parents in the current Western capitalist world in the growth of foreign investments and financial transactions. Under the effect of market liberalization. At this moment, everything that is traded and the exchange value overlaps the use value and appropriation of space in exchange for money. In this context, as the peripheral urban cities are transformed into multiplying duplexes, elegant houses those call houses, true “Mozambican palaces” and closed condoms. The establishment of these houses will transform these spaces and gradually expel the low-income population that has existed for a long time, to places very far from the central area, this phenomenon is called gentrification. He concluded that the transformation of Mozambican urban peripheries is influenced by the increase in real estate capital, increase in individual income, ease of acquisition of space and construction material (provided by the expansion of the installation for the exhibition that makes it possible or cheaper). This research is important because it makes an important contribution to the empirical studies on the new neoliberal urbanism that is taking place in Mozambican cities. The limits of this research are due to the lack of funding to carry out a systematic survey of new ventures that will emerge in cities and places far from the center of large cities, such as: Maputo, Beira, Nampula and Matola. It is intended in the future study to demonstrate how to change the socioeconomic structure of the residents of the Mozambican peripheries, characterizing gentrification.
Canine Genetics and Genomics
Authors: D’Agaro Edo , Favaro Andrea , Rosa Davide
Published: June 2021

In the past fifteen years, tremendous progress has been made in dog genomics. Several genetic aspects of cancer, heart disease, hip dysplasia, vision and hearing problems in dogs have been investigated and studied in detail. Genome-wide associative studies have made it possible to identify several genes associated with diseases, morphological and behavioral traits. The dog genome contains an extraordinary amount of genetic variability that distinguishes the different dog breeds. As a consequence of the selective programs, applied using stringent breed standards, each dog breed represents, today, a population isolated from the others. The availability of modern next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques and the identification of millions of single functional mutations (SNPs) has enabled us to obtain new and unknown detailed genomic data of the different breeds.
Robotic Surgery for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: X. Li Andrew , D. Blasberg Justin
Published: June 2021

Pulmonary resection has been a cornerstone in the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for decades. In recent years, the popularity of minimally-invasive techniques as the primary method to manage NSCLC has grown significantly. With smaller incisions and a lower incidence of peri-operative complications, minimally-invasive lung resection, accomplished through keyhole incisions with miniaturized cameras and similarly small instruments that work through surgical ports, has been shown to retain equivalent oncologic outcomes to the traditional gold standard open thoracotomy. This technique allows for the safe performance of anatomic lung resection with complete lymphadenectomy and has been a part of thoracic surgery practice for three decades. Robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) represents another major advancement for lung resection, broadening the opportunity for patients to undergo minimally invasive surgery for NSCLC, and therefore allowing a greater percentage of the lung cancer population to benefit from many of the advantages previously demonstrated from video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) techniques. RATS surgery is also associated with several technical advantages to the surgeon. For a surgeon who performs open procedures and is looking to adopt a minimally invasive approach, RATS ergonomics are a natural transition compared to VATS, particularly given the multiple degrees of freedom associated with robotic articulating instruments. As a result, this platform has been adopted as a primary approach in numerous institutions across the United States. In this chapter, we will explore the advantages and disadvantages of robotic-assisted surgery for NSCLC and discuss the implications for increased adoption of minimally invasive surgery in the future of lung cancer treatment.
Der Kasus nach den lateinischen Präpositionen contra und per in der deutschen Sprache:. Eine Korpusuntersuchung
Authors: Tschulik Sophie
Published: June 2021

Der Artikel thematisiert die Verwendung der zwei ursprünglich lateinischen Präpositionen contra und per in der deutschen Sprache. Unter Zuhilfenahme von Sprachkorpora wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie diese im Deutschen verwendet werden und welchen Kasus sie regieren. Diese authentischen Sprachquellen ermöglichen einen Einblick in ein von traditionellen Wörterbüchern und Grammatiken vernachlässigtes Thema. Berücksichtigt wird auch die Relevanz dieser Erkenntnisse für den DaF/DaZ-Unterricht.
Selbstevaluation als relevante Komponente der Identität und des Selbst(Konzepts) der Lernenden im Fremdsprachenunterricht.
Authors: Veličková Jana
Published: June 2021

Der vorliegende Text untersucht, wie Identität, ein stets präsentes Attribut von Fremdsprachenlernern, beim Fremdsprachenlernen zum Ausdruck kommt, und erläutert darüber hinaus die Fragen, wie das Wechselspiel zwischen Identität und Selbst(Konzept) im Fremdsprachenunterricht aussieht und welche Bedeutung in diesem Kontext der Selbstevaluation der (Fremdsprachen)Lernenden zukommt. Das Ziel des Textes besteht darin, den Erkenntnisstand zu diesen Konzepten aufzuarbeiten und darüber hinaus die theoretischen Grundlagen für weitere empirische Untersuchungen in diesem Gebiet zu präzisieren.
Daniel Kehlmann und Kurt Gödel. Zur Gödel-Rezeption bei Daniel Kehlmann
Authors: Mizerová Nikola
Published: June 2021

Diese interdisziplinäre Studie schließt eine Forschungslücke in Bezug auf die literarische Rezeption des mathematischen Gödel‘schen Unvollständigkeitssatzes bei Daniel Kehlmann. Das Thema ist für das Gesamtwerk des renommierten Autors Kehlmann essentiell und dadurch auch für die Literaturwissenschaft von Interesse. Das Augenmerk des Beitrags richtet sich dabei auf Kehlmanns Vorlesung zur „Unvollständigkeit“ und auf das biographische Drama über Kurt Gödel "Geister in Princeton". Der Beitrag zeigt, dass Kehlmann den Unvollständigkeitssatz auf die Literatur überträgt und zu einem literarischen Prinzip umgestaltet.