bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Procesos de territorialidad y de subjetivación política en Cerro de San Pedro, San Luis Potosí
Authors: Bucio Claudia
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo aborda el conflicto socioambiental que surgió en 1995 con la llegada de la empresa canadiense Minera San Xavier (MSX) al municipio de Cerro de San Pedro, San Luis Potosí, con el objetivo de presentar los resultados más relevantes del proyecto de investigación realizado entre 2011 y 2013. A partir de la articulación de dos enfoques, el de la territorialidad y el de la subjetivación política, se buscó explicar la reconfiguración de los procesos de apropiación del territorio y el proceso de subjetivación política que ocurren en el marco del conflicto.
O povo indígena Anacé e o complexo industrial e portuário do Pecém, no Ceará
Authors: Nogueira Nóbrega Luciana
Published: August 2020

O artigo pretende explorar as narrativas em torno da construção do Complexo Industrial e Portuário do Pecém, no Ceará, em contraponto às demandas dos indígenas Anacé pela demarcação do seu território, visibilizando os conflitos entre a perspectiva indígena e a perspectiva do Estado que, aliada ao capital nacional e internacional, pretende garantir a implantação de inúmeras indústrias primárias na região. Resultado de um estudo qualitativo que triangula diversos métodos (observação participante, entrevistas livres e semi-estruturadas, além do levantamento bibliográfico e documental), busquei refletir sobre a agência e as mobilizações engendradas pelos Anacé para que suas narrativas, que conflitavam diretamente com as propostas do Estado do Ceará, fossem visibilizadas, tornando públicos, assim, outros sentidos de “desenvolvimento”.
Propiedad, infraestructura y conservación como mecanismos de exclusión en el proceso de desarrollo turístico en la costa de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Ignacio Rubio
Published: August 2020

El turismo destaca como estrategia de desarrollo en el sur global aunque, de acuerdo con sus propios promotores, dos de los problemas que pleantea es el de la participación local en sus beneficios y la destrucción ambiental. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar que, a pesar de su envoltura desarrollista, el proyecto turístico vigente lleva la marca de la exclusión y de la degradación. Tomando el caso de la costa oaxaqueña dominada por el turismo, se analizan tres mecanismos de exclusión: la intervención en el régimen de propiedad; la creación de infraestructura y la regulación ambiental. Además de confirmar el carácter excluyente del modelo turístico de enclave, el análisis permite entender la lógica de resistencia/aceptación de las comunidades y sugiere que solo la apropiación local logrará hacer del turismo una verdadera alternativa de desarrollo.
Introdução à análise qualitativa comparativa e aos conjuntos Fuzzy (fsQCA)
Authors: Cunha Filho Clayton Mendonça
Published: August 2020

Resenha de BETARELLI JUNIOR, Admir Antonio; FERREIRA, Sandro de Freitas. Introdução à análise qualitativa comparativa e aos conjuntos Fuzzy (fsQCA). Brasília: Enap, 2018. Disponível em: . (Coleção Metodologias de Pesquisa).
Resident physicians’ mental health during COVID-19: Advocating for supports during and post pandemic
Authors: Gregory Emma
Published: August 2020

There is already considerable evidence of how this novel corona virus (COVID-19) has had a major impact on our mental health and wellbeing. We are reminded of the mental health consequences of previous infectious disease outbreaks, not only for the public, but for frontline healthcare workers. Yet the lived experiences of resident physicians are missing from this discussion despite them being essential to the COVID-19 response and continuing to provide care during this time. The author asserts that considering what is known about the mental health effects of frontline healthcare work during previous outbreaks, residents are at risk given their role as physicians. In addition to baseline systemic stressors that put residents at risk of mental distress, they also face COVID-19 related stressors that exacerbate the risk given their role as trainees too. The author acknowledges and welcomes several rapid responses to residents’ developing mental health needs from medical leaders across Canadian hospitals, programs, and resident bodies. Ultimately, however, medical leaders need to advocate for and implement changes that will support residents’ mental health now and in the long-term well after COVID-19 has left its mark.
Fat-Soluble Vitamins Affect Composition of Extracellular Matrix Deposited by Human Aortic Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells In Vitro
Authors: Ivanov V. , Ivanova S. , Niedzwiecki A. , Rath M.
Published: August 2020

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is accompanied by changes in arterial connective tissue. We evaluated the effects of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, and E individually and in combinations on the composition of extracellular matrix produced and deposited by arterial wall cells, human aortic smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells. Individually, vitamins D and E stimulated collagen type I extracellular matrix deposition in human aortic smooth muscle cell cultures. However, vitamins A, D, and E reduced collagen type IV deposition by human aortic smooth muscle cell, counteracting the stimulatory effects of vitamin C. The extracellular matrix deposition of heparan sulfate by human aortic smooth muscle cells increased by vitamin C and its combination (C+D+E). β-carotene + D + C induced the extracellular matrix deposition of collagen I by endothelial cells. Vitamin E with other vitamins resulted in either induction (E+C+A) or inhibition (E+D). The extracellular matrix deposition of type IV collagen and elastin by human aortic endothelial cells was not affected by test vitamins, except the extracellular matrix type IV collagen decrease by combinations (A+E), (A+D+E), and (C+D+E). The extracellular matrix deposition of all tested glycosaminoglycans was reduced by vitamin A and its combination (A+C+D+E). Therefore, the fat-soluble vitamins applied individually or in combination—both with each other or with ascorbic acid—can affect extracellular matrix deposition of type I and IV collagens, and key glycosaminoglycans by cultured human aortic arterial wall cells.
Astaxanthin Supplementation Lowers Dietary Intake in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Sratongfaeng Chuenjai , Suksumek Nithipun , Aksorn Nithikoon , Chanvorachote Pithi , Meksawan Kulwara
Published: August 2020

Astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant compound, is well recognized for its beneficial effects to protect from oxidative stress and free radicals. However, the effects of long period of use of astaxanthin on biological parameters, health indicators, and energy intake are still largely unknown. A total of 33 healthy participants aged 21–54 years with body mass index in the range of 18.50−24.90 kg/m2 were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial and were assigned into astaxanthin and placebo groups. The participants in the astaxanthin group received 4 mg of astaxanthin once daily for 12 consecutive weeks. Dietary intakes, as well as blood levels of astaxanthin and biological parameters, were investigated at baseline and week 12. The significant elevation of blood astaxanthin level in the astaxanthin group was notified at week 12. Regarding basic characteristics of blood biochemical parameters, results indicated that the fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not significantly different between astaxanthin and placebo groups at week 12. Interestingly, the significant decrease in total energy and carbohydrate intakes of the participants in the astaxanthin group (P < 0.05) was found after 12-week supplementation, compared to the baseline. The findings support the safety of long-term supplementation and reveal potential dietary intake lowering effect of astaxanthin in healthy individuals.
Un caso de evaluación para un seminario de investigación
Authors: Guerrero-Moreno Roberto Javier , Oviedo González Eilen , Mejía Medina David Abdél
Published: August 2020

El seminario de investigación es un elemento básico en muchas escuelas de educación superior y normalmente sirve como enlace entre el trabajo de los investigadores y el cuerpo estudiantil. Sin embargo, más que una actividad de divulgación, creemos que es un excelente medio de motivación, y rara vez se hace un esfuerzo por cuantificar el éxito del programa en lo que se refiere a la aceptación dentro del alumnado. En el siguiente artículo presentaremos los resultados de una encuesta de 4 años en una escuela multidisciplinaria de ingeniería / diseño / arquitectura para una universidad pública estatal en México. La encuesta fue diseñada con la intención de cuantificar el éxito de la actividad en captar la atención e interés de los estudiantes.
Natural ZPT Effect on Growth and Production of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L)
Authors: Mutryarny Enny
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this research is to know the influence of the natural ZPT to the growth and production of onion plants as well as to find out the best of 5 naturally tested treatments. Based on the research that has been carried out the results that the administration of ZPT naturally against the growth of red onions has a noticeable effect on the number of bulbs, fresh weight bulbs and dry weight bulbs. However, no real effect on the high observation parameters of plants and the number of leaves. Natural shallot treatment ZPT is best compared to 4 other treatments. Which gives the growth and production of the most excellent shallots
Gênero textual encarte de supermercado nos anos iniciais: possibilidades, perspectivas e limites
Authors: Moreno Lúcia , Teodoro Ciríaco Klinger
Published: August 2020

Analisamos no artigo a experiência de um estudo, no campo da pesquisa-intervenção, em que o objetivo fora implementar e avaliar uma sequência didática com gêneros textuais em aulas de Matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Os dados foram produzidos com base nas atividades desenvolvidas em uma turma do 4º ano, na qual foram acompanhadas as possibilidades, perspectivas e limites de atuação. O trabalho com gêneros textuais justifica-se por tratar de uma proposta a que visa contribuir com o processo de alfabetização matemática na perspectiva do letramento matemático. Relacionar o ensino de conteúdos matemáticos com a língua materna tem se constituído uma vertente de pesquisa e de prática relevante na medida em que as crianças vão se apropriando tanto do sistema de escrita alfabética quanto de procedimentos de cálculos, como se percebeu nos resultados da pesquisa.
Palavras-chave: Pesquisa-intervenção. Letramento matemático. Gêneros textuais.
Potential Transmission of Acanthamoeba spp. from Contact Lens Solution and Tap Water in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Susanto Inneke Kusumawati , Wahdini Sri , Sari Ika Puspa
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND: Acanthamoeba spp. can cause corneal infection or keratitis that can be transmitted through contamination of contact lenses and water.
AIM: The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors, transmission potential of Acanthamoeba spp. from the contact lenses cleaning solutions including the household water sources to the contact lens wearers.
METHODS: The study was conducted between January 2019 and May 2019. An examination of Acanthamoeba was carried out by collecting contact lenses from 53 graduate students in a college in Jakarta. Their cleaning solutions of contact lenses and household water were also obtained. Each sample was separately examined for Acanthamoeba spp. in the Parasitology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, on page – salt agar culture.
RESULTS: The findings show 2 and 3 contact lens samples positive for Acanthamoeba spp. and other free-living ameba (FLA), respectively. In addition, from the cleaning solution and tap water samples revealed, there are 5 (9.4%) and 34 (64.1%) cultures positive for Acanthamoeba spp. and other FLA, respectively.
CONCLUSION: A positive sample of Acanthamoeba spp. originating from the same source of the contact lens and tap water, indicating an association of Acanthamoeba spp. from contact lenses and tap water with the cleaning solutions of the contact lenses. Thus, there is might be a risk of transmission of Acanthamoeba sp. from household water to the cleaning solutions of contact lenses.
- KAWASAKI DISEASE AS THE IMMUNE-MEDIATED ECHO OF A VIRAL INFECTION
Authors: Rigante Donato
Published: August 2020

Although etiology of Kawasaki disease remains elusive, the available evidence indicates that the primum movens might be a dysregulation of immune responses to various microbes, i.e. a kind of immune-mediated response induced by a viral infection. Even if several data might suggest that Kawasaki disease is an infection-related clinical syndrome, which can develop only in children with a predisposing genetic background, our knowledge on both the infectious agents involved and the genetic characteristics of children prone to the disease remains poor.
CHILDREN IN CORONAVIRUSES’ WONDERLAND: WHAT CLINICIANS NEED TO KNOW
Authors: Lassandro Giuseppe ,  Palladino Valentina , Amoruso Anna , Palmieri Viviana , Russo Giovanna , Giordano Paola
Published: August 2020

Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) commonly cause mild upper-respiratory tract illnesses but can lead to more severe and diffusive diseases. A variety of signs and symptoms may be present, and infections can range in severity from common cold and sore throat to more serious laryngeal or tracheal infections, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Among the seven coronaviruses that affect humans, (SARS)-CoV, the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV and the most recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represent potential life-threatening diseases worldwide. In adults they may cause severe pneumonia that evolve in distress respiratory syndrome and multiorgan failure with a high mortality rate. Children appear to be less susceptible to develop severe clinical disease and present usually with mild and aspecific symptoms similar to other respiratory infections typical of childhood. However, some children such as infants, adolescents or those with underlying diseases may be more at-risk categories and require greater caution from clinicians. Available data on pediatric coronavirus infections are rare and scattered in the literature. The purpose of this review is to provide to clinicians a complete and updated panel useful to recognize and characterize the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations of coronavirus infections in the pediatric age.
Severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia in Covid-19 infection
Authors: Hindilerden Fehmi , Yonal-Hindilerden Ipek , Akar Emre , Yesilbag Zuhal , Kart-Yasar Kadriye
Published: August 2020

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Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Properties of Carbon-Flax-Glass Hybrid Composites
Authors: Dinesh M. , Asokan R. , Vignesh S. , Phani Kumar Chitikena , Ravichand Rajulapati
Published: August 2020

Over the years, application of composite materials has got wider. So there is a necessity for development of new materials to satisfy the environmental requirements. It is viable through the process of hybridization of natural fibers to synthetic fibers. This investigation is carried out to determine the tensile and flexural strength of hybrid composites with various fiber combinations and stacking sequence. Thus it is easy to identify the natural fiber hybrid combination with high mechanical properties under static and varying thermal load conditions. The various fiber materials are meticulously chosen and three conventional and six different hybrid laminates were fabricated with various stacking sequences of selected fibers using hand layup technique. The tensile and flexural properties are determined through mechanical testing and compared with conventional materials. The failure morphologies are captured and investigated with zoom optical cameras. On analyzing the results, it is observed that carbon-flax hybrid composites exhibit nearly equivalent specific strength at a reduced cost compared to the carbon/glass fiber hybrid composites and also the effect of the stacking sequence in mechanical properties is elucidated through this study. Varying thermal load analysis reveals that there is a considerable loss in mechanical properties due to thermal exposure.
Hydro-Pneumatic Passive Suspension System Performance Analysis using AMESim Software
Authors: Ghazaly Nouby M. , Moaaz Ahmad O.
Published: August 2020

In this research, a mathematical model of quarter car hydro-pneumatic suspension system is built and developed using the AMESim software. The influence of hydro-pneumatic suspension system performance on the suspension parameters is presented on random road surface. The comparisons between passive and hydro-pneumatic suspension system is plotted. The result showed that the hydroÂ­ pneumatic suspension system acceleration is reduced by 50%, 12% reduction in suspension working space and 3% reduction in dynamic tyre deflection in comparison with the traditional passive suspension system.
Conventional Super Plastic Forming and Multi-attribute Optimization through VIKOR and ANOVA
Authors: Thirugnanam A. , Singh Sivam S.P. Sundar , Saravanan K. , Harshavardhana N. , Kumaran D.
Published: August 2020

Super plastic forming is a manufacturing process utilized in the automotive industry like vehicle structures to produce complex geometries of aluminium or magnesium alloy components which cannot be fabricated at room temperature. The technique has proven to be an efficient cost-worthy process in forming various lightweight components for aerospace and medical applications During the process, parameters such as die entry radius, pressure, temperature and material thickness at the sheet die interface greatly influence the metal flow and also depends on product quality. The aim of prsent work is to optimise the conventional super plastic forming process parameters for getting the better quality with proper dimensions of hemispherical cup out of AA2024 sheet. The sheet is placed in a die, which can have a simple to complex geometry depends on the final part to be produced. It is shaped into the hemispherical cup using compressed air. These input process parameters were varied and output parameters such as thickness, maximum height, diameter and minimum forming time of cup were studied and L9 Orthogonal array with a specific end goal to acquire the yield parameters influencing item quality, both VIKOR and ANOVA were assessed.
Multi Response Optimization of Spot Welding Process Parameters by Taguchi Method
Authors: Singh Sivam S.P. Sundar , Thirugnanam A. , Saravanan K. , Kumaran D. , Suresh M.
Published: August 2020

Electrode deterioration by deformation and chemical reaction during resistance spot welding of steel sheets confirming to AISI1020 is an issue for class II electrode. In view of this, the present study carried out the impacts of squeeze, weld, current and pressure on the nugget diameter, height, force and waviness of welding joint in electrical resistance spot welding of 0.8mm and 1.5 mm thickness of steel sheets with class II electrode to achieve the benefits of cost saving and quality products. A timer and current controlled electrical resistance spot welding machine having 120 kVA capacities were used. During welding process, current periods of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 were selected and it was adjusted by increasing from 8 to 10 kA. The optimum welding parameter for multi objectives was obtained using multi signal to noise ratio and the significant level of the welding parameters was further analysed by analysis of variance for all responses. Based on the confirmation test results, it is found out that the developed model can be effectively used to predict the size of weld zone which can improve the welding quality and performance in GRA. The details of welded joint generated by class II electrode were measured and results were analysed in detail.
Numerical Simulation of Damage of Aluminium Plate Subjected to Underwater Explosion
Authors: Vijay M. , Suryapraba R.P. , Ramajeyathilagam K.
Published: August 2020

The numerical simulation performed on an aluminium plate of dimension 550*450*4 mm subjected to underwater explosion using finite element code LS-DYNA is presented in this paper. The box model setup along with the test plate is modelled using Lagrangian solid elements, the fluid and explosive are modelled using Eulerian solid elements with Gruneisan and Jones-Wilkins-Lee equation of state respectively. The fluid structure interactions are modelled using ALE coupling. Numerical simulation has been carried out for the aluminium plate under shock loads for various charge weights ranging from 30 to 60 g in steps of 10 g. The results of permanent deformation of aluminium plate for each shock factors are compared with the counterpart mild steel plates under the same conditions available in the literature.
Numerical Study on Ballistic Resistance of Thin Aluminium Plate Subjected to Variable Diameter Projectile Impacts
Authors: Karthick P. , Ramajeyathilagam K.
Published: August 2020

The ballistic resistance of a thin aluminium plate was investigated against rigid hemispherical nosed projectile impact. The target span was varied as 68 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm and impacted normally by 19 mm diameter hemispherical nosed projectile. The residual velocity and ballistic limit velocity obtained from the numerical results using nonlinear finite element code LS-DYNA is compared with the experimental results available in the literature. Further, parametric study has been carried out for different projectile diameter with the same target span and validated with Recht and Ipsonâ€™s model. The ballistic limit has been decreasing with decrease in projectile diameter and it is also observed that ballistic limit of the target increases with increase in target span diameter.
Effect of Age Hardening Treatment on the Corrosion Resistance of AA6061, SiC and Fly ash Powder Metallurgy Composites
Authors: Muthukumar S.
Published: August 2020

Identification of corrosion resistance through electrochemical methods for silicon carbide and fly ash reinforced metal matrix composites in automobiles is mandatory. In the present work, the composite developed through powder metallurgy process is studied for corrosion resistance. The effect of constant proportion of fly ash (10% wt.) and varying proportion of silicon carbide (5% wt., 10% wt., 15% wt.) on electrochemical corrosion resistance of aluminium alloy AA6061 base material is investigated. The sintered hybrid composites as well as age hardened composites particles were examined under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM-EDS) to verify the elemental nature of the corroded material. The potentiodynamic polarization technique based corrosion rate measurements exhibited localized corrosion in the sintered hybrid composites. Severely corroded material closer to interface of reinforcements and matrix was observed in addition to attack on the matrix. Age hardening treatment improved the corrosion resistance of hybrid composites in which only general corrosion was observed.
Experimental Study of Heat Transfer in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine
Authors: Raghu P. , Sundarrajan R. , Rajaraman R. , Ramaswamy M. , Sathyanaryanan B.
Published: August 2020

An experimental study has been established to understand the effective cylinder wall heat transfer rate and temperature of a direct injection diesel engine. Temperatures were calculated under a wide range of load at different locations in the cylinder block and cylinder head of the engine using pre-arranged thermocouples to acquire the temperature gradient and consequently realize the equivalent heat transfer rate, cylinder wall temperatures, heat transfer co-efficient and engine speed. Diesel and biodiesel blends (B20 and B100) are used as fuels and the temperature readings are found using a â€˜k-typeâ€™ thermocouple and temperature readings are noted. Raise in the cylinder temperature is observed as the engine torque increases for the diesel and biodiesel. As the engine speed increases, the exhaust gas velocity involved in and out of the engine will increases and this lead to an increase in the heat transfer co-efficient for diesel and biodiesel.
Fuzzy Logic Model of Journal Bearing Lubricated with Nano Lubricant
Authors: Parthasarathy K. , Baskar S. , Arumugam S. , Prabaharan G. , Shankar M.
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the frictional co-efficient of a bearing that is lubricated with nano lubricants is estimated using fuzzy logic. The journal bearing test rig was used to undertake the experiments based on a response surface methodology driven central composite design. The experimental results are input to the fuzzy logic model. The model results indicated that the optimal frictional co-efficient of a bearing can be effectively obtained from the fuzzy model.
Finite Element Simulation and Statistical Analysis of Laminated Composite Shims for Gaps in Aircraft Structures Assembly
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Selvaraj P.
Published: August 2020

Aerospace grade composite laminated shims are frequently used in aircraft structure assembly of parts made of advance composite materials with High Modulus of AS4 grade. The assembly of composite components requires extensive use of shims compared to metal assembly. The shim use at assembly stage is very time consuming process and poses challenges to maintain the product quality. This paper aims to bring out the statistical and finite element analysis of shims using gaps data taken out of prototype samples. Finite element analysis is carried out without shims and with shims of thickness of 0.8, 1.2 and 2.0 mm. The nature of variation of measured gap and the effect of shims on stress in the wing skin and spar due to static loading are assessed.
Analysis of Filler Metal Composition on Weld Dilution of Austenitic Stainless Steel by TIG and MIG Welding
Authors: Gopalakrishna G.T. , Ajaykumar B.S. , Vishnu K.R.
Published: August 2020

Austenitic stainless steels are very important material and extensively used for various applications in fertilizer industry, petrochemical industry, nuclear industry and food industry. Austenitic stainless steel 316L alloyed with small percentage of nitrogen is called 316LN. 316LN is widely used only in nuclear applications and it is also called high temperature steels. This nitrogen alloyed steels 316LN will work at higher temperature environment along with radiation environment without losing its properties. The welding of this 316LN steel poses challenge due to problems like sensitization to inter granular corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and even hot cracking. Selecting the type of welding and filler material is more important for welding the 316LN austenitic stainless steel (SS). In this paper SS 316LN material is being welded with TIG and MIG welding. Three pairs of SS 316LN plates were used for experimental work. Filler electrode ER316L is used for TIG and MIG121 is used for MIG welding. After the welding process, hardness test, tensile test and bending test were performed to check the mechanical properties of the specimen. Microstructure of the specimen is observed at the weld region. The results show that the welded joint is stronger than the base material in TIG welding process compared to MIG welding, combination of TIG and MIG welding. Hardness values are observed to be higher at the weld region than the base material. Tensile test results show that the ultimate tensile strength of welded plate is greater than that of base materials and TIG welding process is better than other two processes. The microstructure images show that there is a continuous and uniform welding and the joint is defect free from cracks.
Influence of Magneto-combustion on Regulated Emissions of an Automotive Engine under Variable Speed Operation
Authors: Oommen Libin P. , Kumar G.N.
Published: August 2020

The present study investigates the influence of magneto-combustion on the macro pollutants emitted from a multi point fuel injection (MPFI) automotive engine. The regulated emissions of an auto engine include carbon monoxide, un-burnt hydrocarbon (UBHC)and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) which are the by-products of internal combustion of the hydrocarbon fuel used. Depending upon the physiochemical characteristics of pollutants and their concentrations, these pollutants result in numerous physical ailments and mortality. Magneto-combustion is an under investigated technology which effectively reduces the emission of toxic vehicular exhaust. The exposure to an external magnetic field realigns the hydrocarbon structure and alters its combustion properties. The tests conducted on a Maruthi Zen MPFI engine under two different patterns of magnetisation resulted in a maximum reduction of carbon monoxide by 23.97%, UBHC by 13.1% and NOx by 5.23%, thereby reduced the cumulative negative impact on the environment.
Cogging Torque Reduction in Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor by using Various Design Modification Techniques
Authors: Arun Noyal Doss M. , Ananthi Christy A. , Manibala Jha Aishwarya , Iyer Abhishek , Varun R.
Published: August 2020

Cogging torque is a problem for continuous motion applications like scanning, contouring and mainly positioning applications that requires smooth and accurate motion. It degrades the performance and the life of the motor. Cogging torque cannot be completely omitted but can be reduced drastically using various design modification techniques. This paper focuses on reducing cogging torque in BLDC using three different techniques like stator slot modification, rotor magnet modification and skewing of stator slots and rotor magnets. The result obtained by combining these three techniques has yielded a new model with reduced cogging torque and trapezoidal Back Electromotive Force as compared to the conventional BLDC motor. Also, the cogging torque values for different rotor magnets and stator slots shapes are calculated and studied using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). A detailed thermal analysis of the same model presents the temperature and heat flow plots using Computer Aided Design (CAD).
Experimental Investigation of Twist Fatigue Characteristics on Piston Rings
Authors: Pavithra E. , Dhakal Mahesh , Hada Prithvi , Yuvaraj N. , Sridhar K.
Published: August 2020

Piston ring is one of the most important parts of the internal combustion engines. This paper investigates the mechanical and twist fatigue characteristics on different piston ring materials. The piston ring materials were chosen in this study such as grey cast irons (3740 and 6140), malleable cast iron (3929), spheroidal graphite cast iron (6139) and martensitic carbidic grey cast iron (6454). Twist fatigue test was conducted on different materials of piston rings in order to identify the suitable piston ring for the effective operation. Geometrical features and the mechanical properties were also assessed in different materials for the effectiveness of piston rings.
Optimization of Input Parameters on Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Aluminium Alloys AA2014 and AA6061 using Taguchi Technique
Authors: Ramamurthy M. , Balasubramanian P. , Kumar R.
Published: August 2020

Friction stir welding holds an important position among many solid state metal joining processes which finds several applications where fusion welding methods are not suitable to form defect less welds. FSW is an innovative metal joining technique used in joining of aluminium and magnesium alloys whereas the problems encountered with conventional fusion welding were prevented. The present research is to optimize the input parameters and analyse the mechanical properties in the joining of alloys AA2014 and AA6061. The input parameters which are taken into account for this study are tool rotational speed, tool transverse speed and tool tilt angle. The experiments were being conducted according to the factorial design of experiments. After that standard size specimens were cut by EDM process from the welded joints. Tensile and hardness tests were done on the specimens and the values of ultimate tensile strength, Yield strength, % of Elongation and Vickers Hardness number were measured. By finding the signal to noise ratio the optimum input parameters were identified. The values are 560rpm, 100mm/min and 2 degrees respectively. The importance of each input parameter was evaluated by ANOVA method which indicates that the parameter tool tilt angle is having higher contribution of 38.73%.
Effect of Tribological Behaviours on Laser Surface Textured Hard Forged Steel
Authors: Ravichandran R. , Duraiselvam M. , Peter Prakash F.
Published: August 2020

The wear characteristics of untextured and Laser Surface Textured (LST) hard forged steel samples were dissected using a Pin-On-Disc Tribometer. In this analysis, the input parameters such as sliding distance, sliding velocity and applied load were selected as experiment parameters. Before LST, the forged steel was hardened at a high temperature of around 900ÂºC to 1400ÂºC followed by a rapid cooling process which causes the iron atoms to change their position with metal lattice as martensite. The characterization was carried out on an optical microscope (OM) and white light interferometer (WLI). The results showed that the LST samples have minimum wear rate of 2.74ï‚´10-4 to 4.39ï‚´10-4 mm3/m and co-efficient of friction of 0.22 to 0.44 compared to untextured samples.
Enhancement in Microhardness of Free Machining Brass in Ball Burnishing
Authors: Kumara Pavana , Purohit G.K.
Published: August 2020

The burnishing process is becoming an attractive way among post-machining, metal finishing techniques due to its excellent features. The burnishing process carried out with ball or roller, smooth out the protrusions due to the plastic deformation and increases the surface texture. This paper presents the results of three ball burnishing conditions carried out on cylindrical free machining brass components. Influence of abrasive particles (abrasive assisted burnishing, AAB) during burnishing is investigated and compared with the burnishing carried out without (plain burnishing, PB) and with-coolant (lubricated burnishing, LB) conditions. The response surface methodology (RSM) is used to optimize the microhardness in terms of four process parameters. Result obtained indicates that the microhardness of the pre-machined surfaces increases by 12-29 percent. The AAB results in 141.67 percent higher microhardness than the PB and 41 percent more than the LB condition.
Wear Analysis of Graphene Nanoplatelets and Silicon Carbide Stir Casted Disc Brake Pad Assembly
Authors: Mathew Bilgi C. , Muruga Lal Jeyan J.V. , Nair Kavya S. , Variskumar Kalia
Published: August 2020

This paper presents the wear analysis of brake pad and disc of an automobile using pin on disc experimental setup. The brake pad, consisting of silicon carbide and many other binding and filling materials, is stamped with the graphene nanoplatelets. The graphene nanoplatelets are mixed with the cast iron which is usually used as disc for braking assembly of an automobile. The pins for the experimental purpose were made from the regular commercial brake pad and stamped brake pad. The mixing of the graphene in the cast iron disc is done by the stir die casting method. The experiments were conducted to find out the wear volume, coefficient of wear rate and coefficient of friction. The wear parameters for the commercial brake pad assembly with and without graphene nanoplatelet are compared.
Graphene Coating on Mild Steel by Spin Coating Method
Authors: Srinivasa Vadayar Dr.K. , Jhansee J. , Acharyya Dr. Swati Ghosh
Published: August 2020

Mild steel is one of the main construction resources used in the industries as it consists of light weight. It has a young modulus of 200GNm-2. Mild steel consist of low content of carbon approximately 0.05% to 0.25% carbon. It consists of low quantity of carbon percentage it is corroded easily by exposing corroding atmosphere. In this work graphene derivated products were produced after synthesizing graphene oxide via modified hummers method by using natural graphite. The obtained graphene after reduction (RGO) was dispersed in DMF (di-methyl formaldehyde) to get a coating solution sometimes solutions with binders for good adherent film onto the substrate surface. In this study I use the binder like polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coated solution for coating the substrate. The substrate material properties remain the same as coatings of grapheme. They are extremely thin whether they form mono or multi layers on it. The inertness of graphene in various atmospheres makes it strong and is a good barrier to movement of gases through it. Hence graphene films inhibit corrosion. In the present investigation the mild steel substrates were coated with graphene using spin coating techniques. Prepared graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide is characterized by using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy and Fesem analysis .The coated mild steel is analysed by SEM analysis.
Variation of Mechanical Properties across the Dissimilar Joints: Ferritic steel and Stainless Steel
Authors: Prabanjan S. , Naveen Ajay S. , Karthick K. , Malarvizhi S. , Balasubramanian V. , Krishnan S.A.
Published: August 2020

Grade 91 ferritic steel (also known as P91) is widely used for constructing steam generators in prototype fast breeder reactors (PFBR) because of their stress corrosion cracking resistance, high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion co-efficient for intermediate heat exchangers and austenitic stainless steels (SS304L, SS316L and SS316LN.) Due to their high temperature creep strength and good corrosion resistance, the dissimilar metal weld (DMW) joints between these materials are unavoidable. Inconel 82/182 filler metal is recommended to join these materials since its thermal expansion co-efficient lies between that of ferritic steel and stainless steel. In the present investigation, the tensile properties of each region of DMW joint have been evaluated. DMW joint between P91 and SS 316LN were fabricated using manual metal arc welding (MMAW) process with inconel 82/182 filler metals. The tensile properties of various regions of DMW were examined at a nominal strain rate of 1Ã—10-3 s-1. Microstructural features of various regions of DMW were examined through optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Out of different regions, P91 parent metal exhibited higher tensile strength while the transverse tensile specimens failed at the outer edge of the HAZ of P91 steel. This heterogeneity in mechanical properties may be due to the evolution of complex microstructures developed during welding.
Impact of Electrical Process Parameter in Electrochemical Micromachining of Nimonic 75 Alloy
Authors: Shamli C.S. , Hariharan P. , Yuvaraj N. , Rajkeerthi E.
Published: August 2020

Electrochemical micromachining is one among the widely known method for machining micro holes in electrically conductive, hard to cut materials. As nimonic 75 alloy can withstand alternate cooling and heating conditions, it finds application in aero combustor liner. In this study, solid tungsten carbide (500Âµm) was selected as the tool to produce micro holes in the work-piece (nimonic 75 alloy). As pulsed current, results in more confined dissolution, trials were performed by changing electrical process parameter such as duty cycle, pulse on period and pulse off period and their effect on MRR and dimensional deviation were studied. Employing TOPSIS, lower values of duty cycle and pulse on period was desirable for the production of holes with better geometrical features and the similar was found to be in concurrent with SEM images.
Experimental Investigation of Polymer Matrix Composites Gears with Different Fiber Proportions
Authors: Senthilnathan K. , Suresh G. , Srinivasan T. , Ilaiyavel S. , Ravi Rajesh , Srinivasan S.
Published: August 2020

Nowadays many of the conventional materials are effectively replaced by composite materials, because of their light weight to stiffness ratio. Gears are the very essential components in mechanical power transmission, and drive in the most industrial rotating machinery. Polymer gears are used in motion and power transmission under different loads and speeds. Gears are generally made from metallic materials but recently advanced polymeric materials were developed because of low cost, light weight, high strength and improved performance of the system. Nylon, polymers, acetal and derlin are the structural polymeric materials used in printing and robotics, mechanical machines such as washing machines, sugarcane crushing machine and gear pump that are used for power and speed transmission. The paper investigates the polymer matrix composites gear with different fiber proportions. The main objective is to make glass fiber reinforced polymer gears using epoxy resin with various proportions of E-glass CSM (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%). The work investigates the wear testing of polymer gears of different proportions with metal gear using gear testing rig. The paper focused on morphology of fractured surfaces of polymer gears using scanning electron microscope. Finally, the gear is modeled in Catia software and imported to Ansys for static structural application.
Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Straight Flat Baffles
Authors: Jaganathan K.D. , Sivasubramanian M.
Published: August 2020

Heat transfer augmentation finds its significance in many uses such as air conditioning, heat exchanger and refrigeration structures. On heat transfer augmentation many researchers conducted experimental and numerical to develop various techniques and methods. Heat transfer enhancement techniques are used to nurture the heat transfer rate without disturbing the complete performance of the system. The energy transport is considered enhanced if the flow is agitated and mixed well. This is the fundamental principle in the development of enhancement techniques that generate swirl flows. Nowadays, baffle inserts have widely been applied for improving the convective heat transfer in various applications due to their effectiveness, low cost and easy setting up. In this experiment an array of straight flat baffles was mounted transversely to the direction of air flow in a rectangular cross-sectioned duct and experiment was conducted for different Reynolds numbers. It is proposed to conduct the investigation to evaluate the influence of the presence of straight flat baffles on the flow path. It is observed experimentally that the straight flat baffles influence greater rate of heat transfer than that of the channel without baffles. The flow visualization for various Reynolds numbers also reports the significance of the presence of straight flat baffles in transverse directional flow.
Mixing Characteristics and Enhancement of Sonic Elliptic Jets from a Twin Elliptic Orifice
Authors: Parameshwari S. , Kumar Pradeep , Thanigaiarasu S. , Rathakrishnan E.
Published: August 2020

The knowledge of jet mixing and its enhancement of elliptic jet are important in a propulsion system of aircraft, rocket, and missileâ€™s system design for advancement of combustion via fuel-air mixture increment, lowering the jet noise and reduction of the plume infrared (IR) signature. The jet issuing from a twin elliptic orifice is non-uniform in shape that promotes the faster mixing and it influences by orifice exit conditions, so knowledge of absence of boundary layer and jet mixing characteristics is important. Hence, an experimental work helps to study the jet mixing for a twin elliptic orifice of aspect ratio two at nozzle pressure ratios of one, two, and three. The proximity between the orifices kept as one to 3mm in steps of one. The experimental readings were taken using pitot probe. The results revealed that jet mixing is faster and effective when the proximity between the orifices is closer to each other than the faraway distances at measured nozzle pressure ratios. Difference in orifice jet core exerted a noticeable influence at high proximity levels of nozzle pressure ratio of three and four for elliptic orifice.
Performance Analysis of BLDC Motor Drive using Enhanced Neural Based Speed Controller for Electric Vehicle Applications
Authors: Senthil Kumar R. , Gerald Christopher Raj I. , Rajasekaran V.
Published: August 2020

This paper deals with Brushless DC (BLDC) motor drive mathematical model with hysteresis current controlled based Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) which operates using Neural Network (NN). The developed simulation model is applied with the artificial neuro speed controller which is based on Least Mean Square (LMS) and Adaptive Linear Neuron (ADALINE) to improve the performance of BLDC motor drive. Under dynamic operating conditions, the NN speed controller is trained by the data obtained from closed loop speed controller of BLDC motor drive system. The developed conventional and proposed simulation models are simulated using MATLAB/Simulation software. The proposed neural based speed controller is important for tracking of motor speed as well as torque with their reference values with minimum transient time. In this paper ADALINE network model is developed for update of weights in NN. Here, a comparative study has been done for PI and NN controller for BLDC drive. The simulation results show that the NN based speed controller is more effective controller compared to classical PI based speed controller during most of the dynamic operating conditions.
The War of the Innocent and the Victory of the Power: The Great War and "Oh What a Lovely War" by Theatre Workshop
Authors: YILMAZ Tuncer
Published: August 2020

The First World War, which many consider to be the most significant milestone in the history of humanity, ushered in a new age and shaped the borders of many brand-new countries. Not only in England but also in many other parts of the world, the war is remembered for its destruction of an oppressed class at the hands of distant yet controlling capitalists. This distinction between the classes constituted the basic theme of the masterpiece by Joan Littlewood and Theatre Workshop; Oh What a Lovely War, which ran a new movement and a new approach to the theatre traditions in Britain. The work was incredibly adept in taking the advantages of Brechtian stage techniques while depicting the distance of a ruling class from the realities of the War. Despite the censorship of the English Government, Theatre Workshop caused a stir across the nation and later, the play was staged in the West End and on Broadway, and it received numerous prestigious awards. This study focuses on the class struggle between the soldiers and officers during World War I, the atrocities of the War, the economic and political dimensions of the War and Joan Littlewood’s approach to these issues within the context of Oh What a Lovely War by Theatre Workshop.
What Do Bodies Possess?
Authors: YILMAZ Ozan Can
Published: August 2020

As the memory studies argue that forgetting can also emerge as a significant component in the creation of new identities, this is, however, rather challenged and opposed within the framework of religious institutionalism. The knowledge that constitutes the cultural memory is a construct of power, and power enforces symbolic codes to maintain the knowledge. In other words, the cultural symbols maintain the memory and reinforce the definitions of situations. The institutional significance attached to certain bodies suggest an astonishing instrument to sustain ideologies and the history of particular constitutions. Whether to be concrete or a relic, a body, with its sacred tranquility, creates an affiliation between the memory of the past and its transmittance toward the future. It is equally worth to consider how bodies are not only subject to institutionalization but also to a process of gendering. In this regard, I aim to explore the implementation of certain sacraments and rituals together with their highly structured power in sustaining the collective memory. Marian iconography, images and relics of saints are also examined insomuch as they foster the cultural memory through the manifestation of bodies.